bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of nonunion fractures in dogs treated with fixation, compression resistant matrix, and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2
Authors: Massie Anna , Fuller Mark , Verstraete Frank , Arzi Boaz , Kapatkin Amy
Published: January 2017

Objectives: To report the use of compression resistant matrix (CRM) infused with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2) prospectively in the healing of non union long-bone fractures in dogs.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort of dogs that were presented with nonunion fractures were classified and treated with CRM soaked with rhBMP-2 and fracture fixation. They were followed with serial radiographs and evaluated for healing times and complications according to the time frame and definitions previously established for orthopaedic clinical cases.

Results: Eleven nonunion fractures in nine dogs were included. Median healing time was 10 weeks (range: 7–20 weeks). Major perioperative complications due to bandage morbidity were encountered in two of 11 limbs and resolved. All other complications were minor. They occurred perioperatively in eight of 11 limbs. Minor follow-up complications included short-term in one of two limbs, mid-term in one of three, and long-term in four of five limbs. Nine limbs returned to full function and two limbs returned to acceptable function at the last follow-up.

Clinical significance: Nonunion fractures given a poor prognosis via standard-of-care treatment were successfully repaired using CRM with rhBMP-2 accompanying fixation. These dogs, previously at high risk of failure, returned to full or acceptable function.
Ultrasound-guided approach to the cervical articular process joints in horses: a validation of the technique in cadavers
Authors: Stack John , Rowan Conor , Handel Ian , O’Leary John , Johnson Jessica
Published: January 2017

Objectives: To compare accuracy of the ultrasound-guided craniodorsal (CrD) approach with the dorsal (D) approach to the cervical articular process joints, and to evaluate the effect of the transducer, needle gauge, and operator experience.

Methods: Cervical articular process joints from 14 cadaveric neck specimens were injected using either a D or CrD approach, a linear (13 MHx) or microconvex transducer (10 MHz), and an 18 or 20 gauge needle, by an experienced or inexperienced operator. Injectate consisted of an iodinated contrast material solution. Time taken for injection, number of redirects, and retrieval of synovial fluid were recorded. Accuracy was assessed using a scoring system for contrast seen on computed tomography (CT).

Results: The successful performance of intraarticular injections of contrast detected by CT using the D (61/68) and CrD (57/64) approaches was comparable. No significant effect of approach, transducer or needle gauge was observed on injection accuracy, time taken to perform injection, or number of redirects. The 18 gauge needle had a positive correlation with retrieval of synovial fluid. A positive learning curve was observed for the inexperienced operator.

Clinical relevance: Both approaches to the cervical articular process joints were highly accurate. Ultrasound-guided injection of the cervical articular process joints is an easilylearnt technique for an inexperienced veterinarian. Either approach may be employed in the field with a high level of accuracy, using widely available equipment.
THE IMPACT OF FEEDBACK DURING MASSIVE STAR FORMATION BY CORE ACCRETION
Authors: Tanaka Kei E. I. , Tan Jonathan C. , Zhang Yichen
Published: January 2017

We study feedback during massive star formation using semi-analytic methods, considering the effects of disk winds, radiation pressure, photoevaporation, and stellar winds, while following protostellar evolution in collapsing massive gas cores. We find that disk winds are the dominant feedback mechanism setting star formation efficiencies (SFEs) from initial cores of ∼0.3–0.5. However, radiation pressure is also significant to widen the outflow cavity causing reductions of SFE compared to the disk-wind only case, especially for

>
100

M

⊙

star formation at clump mass surface densities

Σ

cl

≲
0.3

g

cm

−
2

. Photoevaporation is of relatively minor importance due to dust attenuation of ionizing photons. Stellar winds have even smaller effects during the accretion stage. For core masses

M

c

≃
10

–

1000

M

⊙

and

Σ

cl

≃
0.1

–

3

g

cm

−
2

, we find the overall SFE to be

ε

¯

*
f

=
0.31

(

R

c

/

0.1

pc
)

−
0.39

, potentially a useful sub-grid star formation model in simulations that can resolve pre-stellar core radii,

R

c

=
0.057

(

M

c

/

60

M

⊙

)

1

/

2

(

Σ

cl

/

g

cm

−
2

)

−
1

/

2

pc

. The decline of SFE with M

c
is gradual with no evidence for a maximum stellar-mass set by feedback processes up to stellar masses of

m

*

∼
300

M

⊙

. We thus conclude that the observed truncation of the high-mass end of the IMF is shaped mostly by the pre-stellar core mass function or internal stellar processes. To form massive stars with the observed maximum masses of ∼150–

300

M

⊙

, initial core masses need to be

≳
500

–

1000

M

⊙

. We also apply our feedback model to zero-metallicity primordial star formation, showing that, in the absence of dust, photoevaporation staunches accretion at

∼
50

M

⊙

. Our model implies radiative feedback is most significant at metallicities

∼

10

−
2

Z

⊙

, since both radiation pressure and photoevaporation are effective in this regime.
MINIFILAMENT ERUPTION AS THE SOURCE OF A BLOWOUT JET, C-CLASS FLARE, AND TYPE-III RADIO BURST
Authors: Hong Junchao , Jiang Yunchun , Yang Jiayan , Li Haidong , Xu Zhe
Published: January 2017

We report a strong minifilament eruption associated with Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite C1.6 flare and WIND type-III radio burst. The minifilament, which lies at the periphery of active region 12259, is detected by Hα images from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope. The minifilament undergoes a partial and then a full eruption. Simultaneously, two co-spatial jets are successively observed in extreme ultraviolet images from the Solar Dynamic Observatory. The first jet exhibits a typical fan-spine geometry, suggesting that the co-spatial minifilament is possibly embedded in magnetic fields with a fan-spine structure. However, the second jet displays blowout morphology when the entire minifilament erupts upward, leaving behind a hard X-ray emission source in the base. Differential emission measure analyses show that the eruptive region is heated up to about 4 MK during the fan-spine jet, while up to about 7 MK during the blowout jet. In particular, the blowout jet is accompanied by an interplanetary type-III radio burst observed by WIND/WAVES in the frequency range from above 10 to 0.1 MHz. Hence, the minifilament eruption is correlated with the interplanetary type-III radio burst for the first time. These results not only suggest that coronal jets can result from magnetic reconnection initiated by erupting minifilaments with open fields, but also shed light on the potential influence of minifilament eruption on interplanetary space.
CLUSTERING OF INFRARED-BRIGHT DUST-OBSCURED GALAXIES REVEALED BY THE HYPER SUPRIME-CAM AND WISE
Authors: Toba Yoshiki , Nagao Tohru , Kajisawa Masaru , Oogi Taira , Akiyama Masayuki , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Coupon Jean , Strauss Michael A. , Wang Wei-Hao , Tanaka Masayuki , Niida Mana , Imanishi Masatoshi , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Matsuhara Hideo , Matsuoka Yoshiki , Onoue Masafusa , Terashima Yuichi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Harikane Yuichi , Komiyama Yutaka , Miyazaki Satoshi , Noboriguchi Akatoki , Usuda Tomonori
Published: January 2017

We present measurements of the clustering properties of a sample of infrared (IR) bright dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs). Combining 125 deg2 of wide and deep optical images obtained with the Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope and all-sky mid-IR images taken with Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, we have discovered 4367 IR-bright DOGs with

and flux density at 22

mJy. We calculate the angular autocorrelation function (ACF) for a uniform subsample of 1411 DOGs with 3.0 mJy < flux (22

) < 5.0 mJy and

< 24.0. The ACF of our DOG subsample is well-fit with a single power law,

 = (0.010 ± 0.003)

, where θ is in degrees. The correlation amplitude of IR-bright DOGs is larger than that of IR-faint DOGs, which reflects a flux dependence of the DOG clustering, as suggested by Brodwin et al. We assume that the redshift distribution for our DOG sample is Gaussian, and consider two cases: (1) the redshift distribution is the same as IR-faint DOGs with flux at 22

< 1.0 mJy, mean and sigma z = 1.99 ± 0.45, and (2) z = 1.19 ± 0.30, as inferred from their photometric redshifts. The inferred correlation length of IR-bright DOGs is r
0 = 12.0 ± 2.0 and 10.3 ± 1.7

Mpc, respectively. IR-bright DOGs reside in massive dark matter halos with a mass of

and

in the two cases, respectively.
INITIATION PROCESSES FOR THE 2013 MAY 13 X1.7 LIMB FLARE
Authors: Shen Jinhua , Wang Ya , Zhou Tuanhui , Ji Haisheng
Published: January 2017

For the X1.7 class flare on 2013 May 13 (SOL2013-05-13T01:53), its initiation process was well observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory and the Extreme UltraViolet Imager (EUVI) on board STEREO-B
. The initiation process incorporates the following phenomena: an X-ray precursor that started ∼9 minutes before flare onset, two hot magnetic loops (as seen with AIA hot channels) forming a sigmoidal core magnetic structure (as seen with the EUVI), a rapidly formed magnetic flux rope (MFR) that expands outward, and a flare loop that contracts inward. The two hot magnetic loops were activated after the occurrence of the X-ray precursor. After activation, magnetic reconnection occurred between the two hot magnetic loops (inside the sigmoid structure), which produced the expanding MFR and the contracting flare loop (CFL). The MFR and CFL can only be seen with AIA hot and cool channels, respectively. For this flare, the real initiation time can be regarded as being from the starting time of the precursor, and its impulsive phase started when the MFR began its fast expansion. In addition, the CFL and the growing postflare magnetic loops are different loop systems, and the CFL was the product of magnetic reconnection between sheared magnetic fields that also produced the MFR.
THE MILLIMETER/SUBMILLIMETER SPECTRUM OF THE METHOXY RADICAL AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Authors: Laas Jacob C. , Weaver Susanna L. Widicus
Published: January 2017

The methoxy radical (CH3O) has recently been detected in the interstellar medium and may be an important tracer of methanol-related chemistry in cold sources. Despite its importance, the spectral information needed to guide further astronomical searches is limited. We have therefore studied the low-temperature rotational spectrum in the laboratory within the spectral range of 246–303 GHz. We have combined these new measurements with results from a number of literature reports to refine the molecular parameters and provide an updated and improved spectral line catalog. We present here the results of the laboratory studies and the refined analysis for the millimeter and submillimeter spectrum of methoxy.
Observational Evidence for the Associated Formation of Blobs and Raining Inflows in the Solar Corona
Authors: Sanchez-Diaz E. , Rouillard A. P. , Davies J. A. , Lavraud B. , Sheeley N. R. , Pinto R. F. , Kilpua E. , Plotnikov I. , Genot V.
Published: January 2017

The origin of the slow solar wind is still a topic of much debate. The continual emergence of small transient structures from helmet streamers is thought to constitute one of the main sources of the slow wind. Determining the height at which these transients are released is an important factor in determining the conditions under which the slow solar wind forms. To this end, we have carried out a multipoint analysis of small transient structures released from a north–south tilted helmet streamer into the slow solar wind over a broad range of position angles during Carrington Rotation 2137. Combining the remote-sensing observations taken by the Solar-TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) mission with coronagraphic observations from the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft, we show that the release of such small transient structures (often called blobs), which subsequently move away from the Sun, is associated with the concomitant formation of transient structures collapsing back toward the Sun; the latter have been referred to by previous authors as “raining inflows.” This is the first direct association between outflowing blobs and raining inflows, which locates the formation of blobs above the helmet streamers and gives strong support that the blobs are released by magnetic reconnection.
An Ultraviolet Excess in the Superluminous Supernova Gaia16apd Reveals a Powerful Central Engine
Authors: Nicholl M. , Berger E. , Margutti R. , Blanchard P. K. , Milisavljevic D. , Challis P. , Metzger B. D. , Chornock R.
Published: January 2017

Since the discovery of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) in the last decade, it has been known that these events exhibit bluer spectral energy distributions than other supernova subtypes, with significant output in the ultraviolet. However, the event Gaia16apd seems to outshine even the other SLSNe at rest-frame wavelengths below ∼3000 Å. Yan et al. have recently presented HST UV spectra and attributed the UV flux to low iron-group abundance in the outer ejecta, and hence reduced line blanketing. Here, we present UV and optical light curves over a longer baseline in time, revealing a rapid decline at UV wavelengths despite a typical optical evolution. Combining the published UV spectra with our own optical data, we demonstrate that Gaia16apd has a much hotter continuum than virtually any SLSN at maximum light, but it cools rapidly thereafter and is indistinguishable from the others by ∼10–15 days after peak. Comparing the equivalent widths of UV absorption lines with those of other events, we show that the excess UV continuum is a result of a more powerful central power source, rather than a lack of UV absorption relative to other SLSNe or an additional component from interaction with the surrounding medium. These findings strongly support the central-engine hypothesis for hydrogen-poor SLSNe. An explosion ejecting M
ej = 4.8(0.2/κ) M
⊙, where κ is the opacity in cm2 g−1, and forming a magnetar with spin period P = 2 ms, and B = 2 × 1014 G (lower than other SLSNe with comparable rise times) can consistently explain the light curve evolution and high temperature at peak. The host metallicity, Z = 0.18 Z
⊙, is comparable to other SLSNe.
Retracted: sTNF-R Levels: Apical Periodontitis Linked to Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Singhal Rajnish K. , Rai Balwant
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND: Different studies have implicated the exposure to systemic conditions in the aetiology of cardiovascular diseases like chronic inflammation including chronic periodontitis.
AIM: The present study has been conducted to examine whether biomarker sTNF-R was elevated in apical periodontitis as sTNF-R is a systemic marker of inflammation and has been identified as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: sTNF-R levels were measured in 52 patients with apical periodontitis (M:F::25:27), aged 20-45 years and in 20 control patients without periodontitis (M:F::10:10, aged 20-48 years). Measurement of sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 was carried out in duplicate with standardised, commercially available enzyme immunoassays (R&D Systems Europe, Abingdon, UK).
RESULTS: The mean sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 levels in periodontitis were 820 (240) pg/ml (413 â€“ 1620 pg/ml) and 1309 (403) pg/ml (540 â€“ 2430 pg/ml), while in normal sTNF-R1 and sTNF â€“ R2 levels were 740 (340) pg/ml (407-1240 pg/ml) and 1283 (414) pg (480 â€“ 2340 pg/ml) respectively. Results indicated a positive high relationship between cardiovascular markers such as sTNF-R1 and sTNF â€“ R2 and apical periodontitis.
CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of sTNF-R1 and sTNF â€“ R2 in apical periodontitis patients indicate an increased independent risk of coronary heart disease.
VERIFICAÇÃO DAS CONDIÇÕES HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIAS DE PANIFICADORAS EM FRANCISCO BELTRÃO, PR
Authors: Casaril Kérley Braga Pereira Bento , Abreu Andréia De Souza
Published: January 2017

As panificadoras deixaram de ser estabelecimentos responsáveis apenas pela fabricação artesanal e venda de pães e estão se transformando em centros de convivência, gastronomia e serviços. Na produção de alimentos, a qualidade da matéria-prima e seu processamento adequado são fatores indispensáveis para garantir um produto final seguro, que não apresente riscos à saúde dos consumidores. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as condições higiênico-sanitárias de panificadoras de Francisco Beltrão - PR. O estudo foi realizado em quatro panificadoras. O instrumento utilizado para avaliar a adequação das padarias foi a Lista de Avaliação para Boas Práticas em Serviços de Alimentação baseada na RDC 275/2002. Também foram realizadas análises microbiológicas das superfícies de equipamentos. Os resultados revelaram que a panificadora D foi a que mais apresentou conformidade aos itens analisados (61%). Os outros estabelecimentos não foram aprovados, pois apresentaram pontuação menor ou igual a 59%. Observa-se que a panificadora A apresentou 56,1% de conformidade, a panificadora C apresentou 46,3% e, por fim, a panificadora B, com apenas 31,7% de conformidade. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que as panificadoras avaliadas não estão adequadas em relação à legislação.
ESTUDO DA CINÉTICA DE SECAGEM DE POLPA DE CARAMBOLA
Authors: Silva Rodolfo Benedito , Silva Fabrício Schwanz , Porto Alexandre Gonçalves , Pilonetto Alessandro Alves
Published: January 2017

O processo de secagem de produtos agrícolas tem sido uma técnica muito empregada para redução do teor de água dos produtos com o intuito de dificultar o crescimento microbiano e a ocorrência de reações químicas e bioquímicas, possibilitando o armazenamento seguro por longos períodos, bem como reduzir a massa e volume a ser transportado. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo da cinética de secagem de polpa de carambola (Averrhoa carambola) para as temperaturas de 40, 50 e 60 °C e 1,0 m/s de velocidade do ar de  secagem  utilizando-se um  secador  descontínuo  de  bandejas.  Os  dados  de  secagem foram coletados e, posteriormente, analisados para realizar a caracterização das curvas de secagem  por  meio  dos  seguintes  modelos  matemáticos:  Aproximação  da  Difusão;  Dois Termos;  Henderson  e  Pabis;  Henderson  e  Pabis  Modificado;  Lewis;  Logarítmico;  Midilli  e Kuck; Thompson. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se observar que o modelo de Midilli e Kuck foi o que melhor representou a cinética de secagem em camada delgada do produto em estudo. Conclui-se também que a temperatura é a variável que possui maior influência sobre  a  redução  da  razão  de  umidade;  e  que  os  valores  da  difusividade  efetiva  (DEF)  e energia   de   ativação   (Ea)   apresentaram   tendência   de   aumentar   com   a   elevação   da temperatura do ar de secagem.
PROCESSAMENTO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE BISCOITOS AMANTEIGADOS ELABORADOS COM FARINHA DE JATOBÁ
Authors: Pereira Mires Mayara , Oliveira Emanuel Neto Alves , Almeida Francisco Lucas Chaves , Feitosa Regilane Marques
Published: January 2017

O jatobá é um fruto encontrado no cerrado brasileiro que possui polpa amarelo-pálida, farinácea, adocicada, comestível, de sabor e aromas característicos. Objetivou-se com a pesquisa, elaborar e avaliar as características físico-químicas de biscoitos amanteigados de farinha de jatobá. Os biscoitos foram elaborados com diferentes concentrações de farinha de jatobá (0, 40 e 60%), farinha de trigo (xxxxx), açúcar cristal, margarina e ovos. Tanto a farinha de jatobá como os biscoito elaborados foram submetidos a caracterização físico-química quanto aos parâmetros de: umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lapídeos, carboidratos totais, valor calórico, pH e acidez. A variação da concentração de farinha de jatobá influenciou nos resultados dos parâmetros físico-químicos de umidade, acidez, calorias e lipídeos que aumentaram com o aumento da concentração da farinha e nos teores de cinzas, pH e carboidratos que diminuíram.  Pode-se inferir que a farinha de jatobá apresenta-se como  boa alternativa para a produção de biscoitos amanteigados nutritivos.
Du luxe bon marché
Authors: Elguezabal Eleonora
Published: January 2017

Cet article explore l’articulation entre la forme que prend la division du travail d’entretien et de service de la résidence et le classement social des habitants. À partir d’une enquête menée dans la ville de Buenos Aires (Argentine) dans la seconde moitié des années 2000, il étudie l’appropriation d’équipements et services réservés jusque-là aux résidences des classes supérieures (accueil, piscine, courts de tennis, salle de gym, etc.) par des classes moyennes habitant des copropriétés issues de nouveaux projets immobiliers. L’article met en évidence une condition de cette appropriation : la précarisation de l’emploi et du travail des employés qui mettent à disposition ces biens et services. En quoi consiste et que signifie disposer, chez soi, de ce luxe bon marché ? L’enquête montre que l’accès à ces biens et services n’est pas le même ici que dans les résidences des classes supérieures, et que les positions de ces ménages vis-à-vis de la précarisation des employés de la copropriété divergent en fonction de leur appartenance à différentes fractions des classes moyennes.
Échapper à l’enfermement domestique
Authors: Lambert Anne
Published: January 2017

Comment l’espace domestique et les normes de genre qui s’y jouent contribuent-ils à définir les positions de classe des individus et des fractions de classes au sein des mondes populaires ? Une monographie menée entre 2008 et 2012 dans un lotissement de l’Isère montre que la dynamique des rapports sociaux de sexe constitue une ligne prépondérante de perception et de classement du monde social au quotidien, au-delà des différences socio-économiques objectivées dans le bâti et l’aménagement des maisons. Les résistances à l’ordre sexué imposé par les nouvelles charges domestiques forment le fondement de micro-hiérarchies dans l’espace local, opposant trois groupes de femmes et de rapports à l’emploi : les jeunes femmes de cités, qui ont progressivement renoncé à leur activité salariée dans le tertiaire peu qualifié pour se mettre au service de la maisonnée ; les ouvrières du coin, qui travaillent en horaire décalé et assument le quotidien en alternance avec leur conjoint ; les jeunes femmes plus dotées qui partent travailler « dans les bureaux » de la grande agglomération voisine. Peu présentes la journée au lotissement, ce sont elles qui sont au sommet de la hiérarchie sociale locale et incarnent la norme d’émancipation.
« Nos volets transparents »
Authors: Coquard Benoît
Published: January 2017

La « bande de potes » ou le « clan » constituent des formes de sociabilité primordiales pour les jeunes ruraux de classes populaires. C’est ce que dégage une enquête ethnographique par observation au sein de groupes d’amis composés surtout de couples, dans un contexte de déclin des structures d’encadrement locales. Parce qu’elle apporte des ressources matérielles et symboliques essentielles au maintien de certaines solidarités, la sociabilité dans les foyers conjugaux réunit des groupes d’amis, essentiellement formés par le biais des affinités masculines. Tandis que les femmes sont reléguées à des rôles de second plan, les hommes affichent une maîtrise de l’espace et du temps du foyer. L’article montre ainsi comment la sociabilité amicale dans les foyers reproduit une domination masculine qui fait écho aux rapports de pouvoir au sein des couples, ainsi qu’aux inégalités structurelles entre hommes et femmes sur le marché du travail dans ce type de territoire rural et industriel. Cette reproduction est analysée à partir d’observations de scènes d’apéritifs qui se tiennent dans des logements en partie réaménagés par les jeunes couples en vue d’accueillir des amis.
Troubles à l’ordre privé
Authors: Gilbert Pierre
Published: January 2017

À partir d’une enquête localisée dans le grand ensemble des Minguettes (Vénissieux), cet article analyse la réception par les classes populaires d’un dispositif architectural inédit dans les cités HLM. Adoptée par les « nouvelles classes moyennes » à partir des années 1980, la cuisine ouverte est aujourd’hui introduite dans ces quartiers par les concepteurs de la politique de rénovation urbaine, qui voient là un habitat moderne et attractif censé permettre d’y recréer de la « mixité sociale ». Les habitants rejettent pourtant de façon massive ce dispositif, qui vient contrarier en profondeur leurs styles de vie populaires – marqués notamment par une gestion spécifique du propre et du sale, la possession d’espaces personnels et réservés à l’entre-soi de sexe. Certains ménages appartenant aux fractions stables des classes populaires s’installent malgré tout dans les logements neufs avec une cuisine ouverte, dans laquelle ils voient un attribut symbolique de leur petite promotion sociale. Ils s’approprient alors celle-ci de façon hétérodoxe, à travers des usages éloignés de ceux des premiers adeptes de ce modèle, qui leur permettent de limiter la perturbation que celui-ci exerce sur leurs styles de vie.
L’Atelier Saint-Hilaire (1962-1975)
Authors: Grémion Pierre
Published: January 2017

Cet article analyse le déploiement, à partir d’un noyau associatif, de l’outil de recherche créé par Michel Crozier à son retour d’un séjour d’un an en Californie et tandis qu’il achève la rédaction de son Phénomène bureaucratique. L’article présente les facettes de cette unité de recherche considérée comme une petite entreprise culturelle : le style de direction de Michel Crozier, sa capacité à mobiliser des ressources provenant du CNRS et de contrats publics, la réalisation d’enquêtes coordonnées, les liens de son directeur avec une société de pensée réformiste, le Club Jean Moulin. L’entreprise prend la forme d’un atelier artisanal, situé dans un petit immeuble d’un quartier parisien encore populaire à l’époque. Le dynamisme de l’organisation débouche, en 1975, sur la transformation en laboratoire propre du CNRS.
L’entreprise a-t-elle été un modèle d’inspiration au ministère des Finances pour la modernisation de l’État dans la France des Trente Glorieuses ?
Authors: Descamps Florence
Published: January 2017

À partir de la Grande Guerre, le modèle de gestion des entreprises devient – par intermittence – une référence pour certains réformateurs et modernisateurs du ministère des Finances. Mais la robustesse du système juridique des finances publiques explique la lenteur, la discontinuité et la difficulté des tentatives d’importation des méthodes gestionnaires des entreprises dans l’administration. Il faut attendre 1968 et la rationalisation des choix budgétaires, lancée par le ministère des Finances lui-même, pour voir se développer une première expérience d’introduction du modèle managérial dans l’État central.
L’informatisation : panacée aux problèmes de la pratique médicale ?
Authors: Koppel Ross
Published: January 2017

Les nouvelles technologies de l’information, censées remédier aux obstacles rencontrés par les praticiens de la santé, conduisent en réalité à de nouvelles erreurs médicales. La confiance excessive dont elles bénéficient empêche de critiquer leurs défauts.
Creating a Dedicated Education Unit in Long-Term Care
Authors: Fox Jodie R.
Published: January 2017

The number of older adults needing long-term care (LTC) may rise in future aging populations, necessitating an increase in the <1% of nurses currently certified in gerontological nursing. An innovative clinical model, the dedicated education unit (DEU), has been used globally with positive results. The purpose of the current review is to explore the DEU and its possible use in LTC settings, and identify if this clinical model increases nursing students' knowledge of the nursing role. Current literature, including a systematic review, is analyzed and rated for quality. Synthesis of findings show the DEU clinical model may increase student interest and knowledge of LTC nursing through collaboration with the practicing LTC nurse. More longitudinal studies are needed to determine the success of the DEU model as a long-term solution to this clinical problem. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43
(5), 23–29.]
Evidencias de arquitectura de materiales perecederos en Buenos Aires, Argentina (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Schávelzon Daniel
Published: January 2017

La población indígena que ocupaba el lugar donde en 1580 se fundara Buenos Aires siempre ha sido considera como nómade o semi-nómade. Eso ha sido interpretado como que no tenía ninguna forma de arquitectura, o que lo que usaron no dejaba huellas que la arqueología pudiese recuperar. Una revisión de los estudios ya hechos en la ciudad muestra al menos dos casos en que una serie de agujeros de poste ubicados en líneas podría indicar la probable presencia de los llamados toldos indígenas. Es decir, evidencias de haber existido construcciones hechas con postes verticales y cerrados con ramas, paja o cueros de vacas o caballos tal como consta en la documentación histórica, los que subsistieron en regiones cercanas hasta finales del siglo XIX.
Pero también es posible que haya sido algún tipo de arquitectura maderera muy modesta de los criollos pobres, aunque la materialidad cultural tiene a confirmar la primera hipótesis.
El puente romano de Alcántara: nueva documentación arqueológica y evidencias constructivas previas
Authors: Pizzo Antonio
Published: January 2017

Este trabajo presenta parte de los resultados de dos proyectos de investigación sobre la arquitectura de la Lusitania romana. El puente de Alcántara (Cáceres) ha sido objeto de un estudio que incluye la realización de nueva documentación gráfica y un análisis de las trasformaciones históricas y estructurales sufridas por el monumento. Diferentes evidencias apoyan la hipótesis de la existencia de un proyecto arquitectónico para un puente anterior que, probablemente, se empezó y no llegó a construirse en su totalidad.
Los restos de dos arcos externos y una bóveda de una estructura anterior al puente de época de Trajano indican la presencia de una construcción muy diferente respecto al monumento que conocemos en la actualidad. Este primer puente, fundamental para la explotación económica del territorio circundante ya en la temprana época altoimperial, pertenecería a un modelo arquitectónico poco adecuado para la topografía de esta zona del Tajo.
Ubicazione delle cave di pietra da calce utilizzata come materia prima degli intonaci romani nella Lombardia occidentale
Authors: Bugini Roberto , Folli Luisa
Published: January 2017

[it] La calce come materiale da costruzione ebbe larga diffusione nell’architettura romana della Lombardia occidentale. La presenza di carbonato di magnesio è stata per lo più riscontrata negli intonaci dipinti provenienti dai siti romani di Milano. Il carbonato di magnesio testimonia l’impiego di dolomia per la preparazione della calce e rocce di questa composizione affiorano per esteso nelle Prealpi lombarde: dolomie e calcari dolomitici grigio chiari (Dolomia del Salvatore, Ladinico-Anisico), dolomie grigie, talvolta con ciclotemi (Dolomia principale, Norico). Non sono conservate evidenze di cave o di forni romani in quest’area prealpina: i Romani sfruttarono gli stessi affioramenti dolomitici, situati lungo la sponda orientale del lago Maggiore, affioramenti da cui si produsse calce a partire dal Medio Evo in avanti.
I depositi fluvio-glaciali del medio corso del fiume Adda tra Brivio e Trezzo (massi, ciottoli di calcari marnosi, calcari e dolomie che affiorano nel bacino fluviale) furono un’altra fonte medievale e moderna di materia prima, soprattutto per produrre una calce debolmente idraulica (chiamata “calce forte”), ma questo tipo di calce è assente negli intonaci romani.
Coastline Change and Erosion-Accretion Evolution of the Sandwip Island, Bangladesh
Authors: Emran Al , Rob Md. Abdur , Kabir Md. Humayun
Published: January 2017

The study tries to analyze the morphological and hydrological changes and to establish their relationship in the Sandwip Island through the integration of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study concludes from the recent 30 years' data that the different parts of the island response different cycle of coastline change associated with hydrological dynamics. The resulted net loss of the coastline is about 6.98 km (0.23 km/y) and the net loss of the coastal area is about 23.99 km2 (0.8 km2/y). The erosion processes (increase in the water depth near shore) were active along the western and the south-western shores. This erosion of the island is facilitated by the steep slope of the bank, high tidal water pressure and loose bank materials. In contrast, the accretions (decrease in the water depth near shore) were taken place in the larger parts of the northern and the north-eastern shores of the island. This is due to the backwash sediment deposition with the favor of gentle topographic slope along shores.
An Empirical Study to Find the Road-map for Understanding Online Buying Practices of Indian Youths
Authors: Bhattachary Subhajit , Anand Vijeta
Published: January 2017

The growing importance & popularity of online buying is very much substantial and quite evident in India these days. In this present study, there is a truthful attempt to identify the component which are having connections with online retail brand association and studding the process to construct brand association with the effects of the different influencers pertaining to online buying. The present study also focuses in explaining how that brand association converts into buying intentions of Indian youth customer. The research is based on empirical data. The outcomes of this current research will be helpful for the online marketers, online store developers, online store promotion managers and consultants to take a deeper look into what best can be done with the online retail brands to generate a high level of connectivity with the Indian youth market.
Informating Public Governance
Authors: Paulin Alois A.
Published: January 2017

This treatise explores the possibilities and constraints to informate public governance. Informating as used in this context refers to the ability to technically control / steer the core provision of public governance by means of information technology, rather than steering public governance through political policies. Thus informating governance is about technology-enabled direct control of public service provision, in contrast to electronic or digital governance, which is about technology for government agencies. Well-established disciplinary theories from political sciences, sociology, and jurisprudence on public governance are explored to establish a foundation for understanding governance informatability, and a shared semantic context is established, to align the complex concepts of governance provision, and governance informatization. Based on thus established trans-disciplinary foundation, it is argued that a natural evolution of dedicated technological ecosystems can take place.
Cutting Edge: Human CD49e− NK Cells Are Tissue Resident in the Liver
Authors: Aw Yeang Han Xian , Piersma Sytse J. , Lin Yiing , Yang Liping , Malkova Olga N. , Miner Cathrine , Krupnick Alexander S. , Chapman William C. , Yokoyama Wayne M.
Published: January 2017

Most knowledge on NK cells is based on studies of what are now known as conventional NK cells in the mouse spleen or human peripheral blood. However, recent studies in mice indicate the presence of tissue-resident NK cells in certain organs, such as the liver, that display different markers and transcription factor dependencies as compared with conventional NK cells. In this study, we provide evidence from cytometry by time-of-flight analysis and humanized mice indicating that human CD49e− NK cells are tissue resident in the liver. Thus, these studies indicate that tissue-resident NK cells are evolutionarily conserved in humans and mice, providing a foundation to explore their role in human disease.
1D Exact Elastic-Perfectly Plastic Solid Riemann Solver and Its Multi-Material Application
Authors: Gao Si , Liu Tiegang
Published: January 2017

The equation of state (EOS) plays a crucial role in hyperbolic conservation laws for the compressible fluid. Whereas, the solid constitutive model with elastic-plastic phase transition makes the analysis of the solid Riemann problem more difficult. In this paper, one-dimensional elastic-perfectly plastic solid Riemann problem is investigated and its exact Riemann solver is proposed. Different from previous works treating the elastic and plastic phases integrally, we resolve the elastic wave and plastic wave separately to understand the complicate nonlinear waves within the solid and then assemble them together to construct the exact Riemann solver for the elastic-perfectly plastic solid. After that, the exact solid Riemann solver is associated with the fluid Riemann solver to decouple the fluid-solid multi-material interaction. Numerical tests, including gas-solid, water-solid high-speed impact problems are simulated by utilizing the modified ghost fluid method (MGFM).
Fibre-Reinforced Generalized Anisotropic Thick Plate with Initial Stress under the Influence of Fractional Thermoelasticity Theory
Authors: Abouelregal Ahmed. E.
Published: January 2017

In the present work concentrated on the two-dimensional problem of generalized thermoelasticity for a fiber-reinforced anisotropic thick plate under initial stress. Using generalized thermoelasticity theory with fractional order heat conduction, the problem has been solved by a normal mode analysis. The effect of hydrostatic initial stresses and fractional order parameter is shown graphically on the distributions of the temperature, displacement and thermal stress components. It is found from the graphs that the initial stress and the fractional parameter significantly influences the varieties of field amounts.
Time to epinephrine in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A retrospective analysis of intraosseous versus intravenous access
Authors: Ross, MD Elliot M. , Mapp, MD Julian , Kharod, MD, MPH Chetan , Wampler, PhD, LP David A. , Velasquez, LP Christopher , Miramontes, MD David A.
Published: January 2017

Introduction: The 2015 advanced cardiac life support update continues to advocate administering epinephrine during cardiac arrest. The goal of our study is to determine if prehospital intraosseous (IO) access results in shorter time to epinephrine than prehospital peripheral intravenous (PIV) access.Methods: The out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) database of a large, urban, fire-based emergency medical services system was searched for consecutive cases of OHCA between January 2013 and December 2015. The time to the first dose of epinephrine was calculated and compared by vascular access technique utilized (PIV or IO). Descriptive statistics were used to report first pass success and IO complications.Results: A total of 3,470 OHCA cases were treated during the study period. Of those cases, 2,656 met our inclusion criteria. There were 2,601 cases of IO usage and 55 cases of PIV usage. The mean time from arrival at the patient's side to administration of the first dose of epinephrine was 5.0 minutes (95% CI: 4.7 minutes, 5.4 minutes) for the IO group and 8.8 minutes (95% CI: 6.6 minutes, 10.9 minutes) for the PIV group (p < 0.001). There were a total of 2,879 IO attempts with 2,753 IOs successfully placed in 2,601 patients. The first pass IO success rate was 95.6 percent (2,753/2,879).Conclusion: In the setting of OHCA, the time to administer the first dose of epinephrine was faster in the IO access group when compared to PIV access group. The prehospital use of IO vascular access for time-dependent medical conditions is recommended.
Effects of nanoencapsulated aloe vera, dill and nettle root extract as feed antibiotic substitutes in broiler chickens
Authors: Meimandipour Amir , Nouri Emamzadeh Ali , Soleimani Ali
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Aloe vera, nettle and dill are herbs that have been used in the poultry diet as feed additives to utilise their benefits in improving performance, immune response and health of broiler chickens. However, reactive and volatile properties of bioactive compounds in herbal extracts cause limitations on direct usage of them in the diet. The use of chitosan (CS) nanoparticles for the entrapment of active components has gained interest in the last few years due to its mucous adhesiveness, non-toxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study was an effort to evaluate effects of nanoencapsulated extracts of aloe vera, dill and nettle root used in diet on performance, carcass traits and serum immunoglobulin (IgM and IgY) concentrations in broiler chickens. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by using ionotropic gelation principle. After nanogel preparation of herbal extracts, a total of 240 Ross (308) broiler chicks were divided into eight treatments, with three replicates of 10 birds. The eight dietary treatments consisted of control (no additives), antibiotic (bacitracin 500 g t−1), non-encapsulated and nanoencapsulated extracts of aloe vera, dill and nettle root. In each experimental period, non-encapsulated (free extracts) and nanoencapsulated extracts of aloe vera, dill and nettle roots were added in amounts of 0.02, 0.025 and 0.05 % to starter, grower and finisher diets, respectively. Birds in different treatments received the same diets during the experimental periods. Results revealed that increasing both non-encapsulated and nanoencapsulated herbal extracts to 0.05 % in finisher diets improved body weight gain in the time period of 28–42 days and consequently the whole time from 1 to 42 days. However, in these periods, birds fed a diet containing nanoencapsulated dill extract had a significantly (P  <  0.05) higher body weight gain compared with the antibiotic group, while non-encapsulated dill extract treatment was intermediate. The addition of nanoencapsulated nettle extract in diet significantly (P  <  0.05) improved feed conversion efficiency in the 28–42-day period compared with the antibiotic group. In comparison with the antibiotic group, nanoencapsulation of dill extract could profoundly improve growth performance and can therefore be used as a substitute for antibiotics in the diet of broiler chickens.
Characterization of three new condensation particle counters for sub-3 nm particle detection: ADI versatile water CPC, TSI 3777 nano enhancer and boosted TSI 3010
Authors: Kangasluoma Juha , Hering Susanne , Picard David , Lewis Gregory , Enroth Joonas , Korhonen Frans , Kulmala Markku , Sellegri Karine , Attoui Michel , Petäjä Tuukka
Published: January 2017

Abstract. The scientific need to understand nanoparticle dynamics at sizes below 3 nm has pushed companies to develop commercial solutions to measure particles down to 1 nm. In this study we characterize the performance of three new particle counters able to detect particles smaller than 3 nm: Aerosol Dynamics Inc versatile water condensation particle counter (v-WCPC, ADI, Berkeley, USA), TSI 3777 nano enhancer (TSI Inc., Shoreview, USA) and modified and boosted 3010 type CPC from Clermont Ferrand University called as B3010. The 3777 and v-WCPC were characterized using tungsten oxide test particles with all charging states: negative, positive and neutral, and with positively charged tetradodecylammonium bromide. The detection efficiencies of the particle counters were measured with two different temperature settings: low temperature difference settings so that the CPCs did not detect any ions from a radioactive source; and high temperature difference settings so that the supersaturation was at the onset of homogeneous nucleation for the 3777, or confined within the range of liquid water for the ADI v-WCPC. The measured 50 % detection diameters (d50) were in the range of 1.3–2.4 nm for the tungsten oxide particles depending on the particle charging state and CPC temperature settings, and between 2.5 and 3.3 nm for the organic test aerosol for the 3777 and v-WCPC. The d50s were measured for the B3010 with negatively charged tungsten oxide particles with four different inlet flow rates. The v-WCPC and 3777 were also compared side by side by measuring atmospheric aerosol, exhibiting an excellent agreement.
An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Price Stephen F. , Hoffman Matthew J. , Bonin Jennifer A. , Howat Ian M. , Neumann Thomas , Saba Jack , Tezaur Irina , Guerber Jeffrey , Chambers Don P. , Evans Katherine J. , Kennedy Joseph H. , Lenaerts Jan , Lipscomb William H. , Perego Mauro , Salinger Andrew G. , Tuminaro Raymond S. , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Nowicki Sophie M. J.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. We propose a new ice sheet model validation framework – the Cryospheric Model Comparison Tool (CmCt) – that takes advantage of ice sheet altimetry and gravimetry observations collected over the past several decades and is applied here to modeling of the Greenland ice sheet. We use realistic simulations performed with the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM) along with two idealized, non-dynamic models to demonstrate the framework and its use. Dynamic simulations with CISM are forced from 1991 to 2013, using combinations of reanalysis-based surface mass balance and observations of outlet glacier flux change. We propose and demonstrate qualitative and quantitative metrics for use in evaluating the different model simulations against the observations. We find that the altimetry observations used here are largely ambiguous in terms of their ability to distinguish one simulation from another. Based on basin-scale and whole-ice-sheet-scale metrics, we find that simulations using both idealized conceptual models and dynamic, numerical models provide an equally reasonable representation of the ice sheet surface (mean elevation differences of  <  1 m). This is likely due to their short period of record, biases inherent to digital elevation models used for model initial conditions, and biases resulting from firn dynamics, which are not explicitly accounted for in the models or observations. On the other hand, we find that the gravimetry observations used here are able to unambiguously distinguish between simulations of varying complexity, and along with the CmCt, can provide a quantitative score for assessing a particular model and/or simulation. The new framework demonstrates that our proposed metrics can distinguish relatively better from relatively worse simulations and that dynamic ice sheet models, when appropriately initialized and forced with the right boundary conditions, demonstrate a predictive skill with respect to observed dynamic changes that have occurred on Greenland over the past few decades. An extensible design will allow for continued use of the CmCt as future altimetry, gravimetry, and other remotely sensed data become available for use in ice sheet model validation.