bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guideline-Based Statin Eligibility, Cancer Events, and Noncardiovascular Mortality in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Pursnani Amit , Massaro Joseph M. , D’Agostino Ralph B. , O'Donnell Christopher J. , Hoffmann Udo
Published: July 2017

Purpose

Cancer and cardiovascular disease share risk factors, and there is some evidence that statins reduce cancer mortality. We sought to determine the accuracy of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association statin eligibility criteria to identify individuals at a higher risk of developing cancer or of dying as a result of cancer or other noncardiovascular causes.

Methods

We included 2,196 participants (50.5 ± 8.1 years of age; 55% female) who were statin naïve and free of cancer at baseline from the offspring and third-generation cohorts of the community-based longitudinal Framingham Heart Study. Statin eligibility was determined per American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis was assessed by computed tomography. The primary outcome was incident cancer at a median of 10.0 years (interquartile range, 9.1-10.6 years) of follow-up, and secondary outcomes were cancer mortality and noncardiovascular mortality.

Results

The incident cancer rate was 11.2% (247 of 2,196), with 58 noncardiovascular deaths, including 39 cancer deaths (1.8%). Overall, 37% (812 of 2,196) were statin eligible. Incident cancer occurred in 125 (15%) of the 812 statin-eligible participants versus 122 (8.8%) of the 1,384 of noneligible participants (subdistribution hazard ratio [SDHR], 1.8 [1.4 to 2.3]; P < .001). Cancer mortality occurred in 34 (4.2%) of the 812 statin-eligible participants versus five (0.4%) of the 1,384 noneligible participants (SDHR, 12.1 [4.7 to 31]; P < .001). Noncardiovascular mortality occurred in 49 (6.0%) of the 812 statin-eligible participants versus nine (0.7%) of the 1,384 noneligible participants (SDHR, 10.1 [5.0 to 21]; P < .001). In stratified analyses, these findings were independent of any individual causative risk factor such as body mass index, age, or smoking status.

Conclusion

In this community-based primary prevention cohort, guideline-based statin eligibility accurately identified patients at a higher risk of developing cancer and cancer-related mortality. Shared risk profiles and potential benefits of statins between cancer and cardiovascular outcomes may provide a unique opportunity to improve population health.
Implementation of a Standardized Transfusion Protocol for Cardiac Patients Treated With Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Is Associated With Decreased Blood Component Utilization and May Improve Clinical Outcome
Authors: Cahill Christine M. , Blumberg Neil , Schmidt Amy E. , Knight Peter A. , Melvin Amber L. , Massey Howard T. , Delehanty Joseph M. , Zebrak Seth B. , Refaai Majed A.
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation supplies oxygenated blood to the body supporting the heart and lungs. Survival rates of 20% to 50% are reported among patients receiving ECMO for cardiac arrest, severe cardiogenic shock, or failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass following cardiac surgery. Bleeding is one of the most common complications in ECMO patients due to coagulopathy, systemic anticoagulation, and the presence of large bore cannulas at systemic pressure. Absence of a standardized transfusion protocol in this population leads to inconsistent transfusion practices. Here, we assess a newly developed dedicated transfusion protocol in this clinical setting.

METHODS:

Data were retrospectively reviewed for the first 30 consecutive cardiac ECMO patients prior and post implementation of the ECMO transfusion protocol. Diagnoses, laboratory results, blood component utilization, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS:

Comorbidities were similar between the 2 eras, as well as the pre-ECMO ejection fraction (P = .568) and duration on ECMO (P = .278). Transfusion utilization data revealed statistically significant decreases in almost all blood components and a savings in blood component acquisition costs of 51% ($175, 970). In addition, an almost 2-fold increase in survival rate was observed in the post-ECMO transfusion protocol era (63% vs 33%; relative risk = 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–3.10; P = .028).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our data indicate that implementation of a standardized transfusion protocol, using more restrictive transfusion indications in cardiac ECMO patients, was associated with reduced blood product utilization, decreased complications, and improved survival. This multidepartmental approach facilitates better communication and adherence to consensus clinical decision making between intensive care unit, surgery, and transfusion service and optimizes care of complicated and acutely ill patients.
Patient Survey of Referral From One Surgeon to Another to Reduce Maximum Waiting Time for Elective Surgery and Hours of Overutilized Operating Room Time
Authors: Logvinov Ilana I. , Dexter Franklin , Dexter Elisabeth U. , Brull Sorin J.
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

Studies of shared (patient-provider) decision making for elective surgical care have examined both the decision whether to have surgery and patients’ understanding of treatment options. We consider shared decision making applied to case scheduling, since implementation would reduce labor costs.

METHODS:

Study questions were presented in sequence of waiting times, starting with 4 workdays. “Assume the consultant surgeon (ie, the surgeon in charge) you met in clinic did not have time available to do your surgery within the next 4 workdays, but his/her colleague would have had time to do your surgery within the next 4 workdays. Would you have wanted to discuss with a member of the surgical team (eg, the scheduler or the surgeon) the availability of surgery with a different, equally qualified surgeon at Mayo Clinic who had time available within the next 4 workdays, on a date of your choosing?” There were 980 invited patients who underwent lung resection or cholecystectomy between 2011 and 2016; 135 respondents completed the study and 6 respondents dropped out after the study questions were displayed.

RESULTS:

The percentages of patients whose response to the study questions was “4 days” were 58.8% (40/68) among lung resection patients and 58.2% (39/67) among cholecystectomy patients. The 97.5% 2-sided confidence interval for the median maximum wait was 4 days to 4 days. Patients’ choices for the waiting time sufficient to discuss having another surgeon perform the procedure did not differ between procedures (P = .91). Results were insensitive to patients’ sex, age, travel time to hospital, or number of office visits before surgery (all P ≥ .20).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results indicate that bringing up the option with the patient of changing surgeons when a colleague is available and has the operating room time to perform the procedure sooner is being respectful of most patients’ individual preferences (ie, patient-centered).
Low-Back Pain Patients Learn to Adapt Motor Behavior With Adverse Secondary Consequences
Authors: van Dieën Jaap H. , Flor Herta , Hodges Paul W.
Published: July 2017

We hypothesize that changes in motor behavior in individuals with low-back pain are adaptations aimed at minimizing the real or perceived risk of further pain. Through reinforcement learning, pain and subsequent adaptations result in less dynamic motor behavior, leading to increased loading and impoverished sensory feedback, which contribute to cortical reorganization and proprioceptive impairments that reduce the ability to control lumbar movement in a robust manner.
Prescribing Exercise to Individuals with Disabilities: What Are the Concerns?
Authors: Osoria Hector Luis , Blauwet Cheri A.
Published: July 2017

It is well known that individuals with disabilities, constituting 15% to 20% of the adult population, experience a disproportionate risk of cardiometabolic disease and are more likely to live sedentary lifestyles when compared with their able-bodied peers. Although many complex factors likely lead to these disparities, targeted exercise programs can be influential in improving the health outcomes of this population. Additionally, it is important to keep several factors in mind when tailoring the exercise prescription for individuals with varied types of disability, given unique factors related to medical history, mobility, and community barriers. By safely engaging individuals with disabilities in exercise programs, clinicians can promote inclusion while making a significant contribution to health outcomes, ensuring that the principles of “Exercise is Medicine” are accessible to individuals of all abilities.
Maintaining gastric health in the competition horse
Authors: Hardy Emma
Published: July 2017

Emma Hardy, Freedom Health LLC, discusses the problems and possible solutions
Crimes of the Powerful in Conflict-Affected Environments: False Positives, Transitional Justice and the Prospects for Peace in Colombia
Authors: Gordon Eleanor
Published: July 2017

This article examines factors which led to what became known as the “false positives” scandal in Colombia, in order to analyse the extent to which socio-economic inequalities and the persecution of the poor impact conflict dynamics and prospects for sustainable peace. The false positives scandal concerned the arbitrary execution of, principally, poor, marginalized male civilians by the military, sometimes in collaboration with illegal armed groups, who were then presented as guerrilla fighters having been lawfully killed in combat. These crimes were primarily committed between 2002 and 2008 and involved the execution of over 3,000 civilians. The scandal constitutes one of the most shocking global examples in recent years of crimes of the powerful: crimes committed by state actors against the most dispossessed and marginalized members of society. It will be argued that criminal accountability for those responsible for these crimes is important, but it is not sufficient. There is a need to address extreme socio-economic inequalities that prevail in Colombia and socio-cultural attitudes towards the poor which dehumanize and, thereby, deny or justify crimes and other harms against them. Otherwise the poor will remain vulnerable to further victimization and peacebuilding will not be successful or meaningful to those beyond privileged and elite groups.
Non-profit sport club members: what makes them volunteer?
Authors: Hallmann Kirstin , Dickson Geoff
Published: July 2017

This study examines how volunteer and club characteristics impact the decision to volunteer and the time allocated to volunteering. We collected primary data from members of 15 tennis clubs in New Zealand (N = 230) and secondary data about their tennis clubs. Individual and club characteristics impacted the decision to volunteer and how much time was allocated to volunteering. The number of members impacted volunteering negatively, as did working hours. Time spent volunteering correlated positively with the role of board/committee member, serving in other roles and the share of junior members. Managers are encouraged to develop volunteer pathways, so that volunteers can draw on past experiences as a foundation for future roles. Well-defined, non-time-intensive and non-threatening roles will provide a foundation upon which more significant commitments can evolve.
Teses universitárias dos sécs: XVI‑XVIII
Authors: Martins Armando Senra
Published: July 2017

Com a invenção da imprensa a disputatio da tradição universitária medieval transformou‑se em um género importante, nomeadamente, pelo seu valor iconográfico, científico e histórico quer para a história da pedagogia e da universidade, quer para a história de disciplinas como a filosofia, a teologia, a física entre outras. Neste artigo apresenta‑se a tese enquanto texto impresso e enquanto acto académico. Também são tratadas questões de autoria e da evolução dos conteúdos.
A Lappiae Descriptio de Damião de Góis
Authors: Carreiro Mário
Published: July 2017

É necessário analisar o percurso de Damião de Góis pela Europa e a sua produção literária no período 1528-1540, de modo a compreender-se o contexto que levou o humanista português a interessar-se pela Lapónia e pelos Lapões e a escrever sobre isso. Descrevemos, de forma breve, a história do texto da Lappiae descriptio e as duas teses acerca da veracidade da sua alegada viagem à Lapónia. No fim, apresentamos a nossa tradução da Lappiae descriptio.
Multiscale Modelling of Blast-Induced TBI Mechanobiology - From Body to Neuron to Molecule
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Tan X. Gary , Somayaji Mahadevabharath R. , Przekwas Andrzej J.
Published: July 2017

Blast induced Traumatic Brain Injury (bTBI) has become a signature wound of the recent military operations and is becoming a significant factor of recent civilian blast explosion events. In spite of significant clinical and preclinical research on TBI, current understanding of injury mechanisms is limited and little is known about the short and long-term outcomes. Mathematical models of bTBI may provide capabilities to study brain injury mechanisms, perhaps accelerating the development of neuroprotective strategies and aiding in the development of improved personal protective equipment. The paper presents a novel multiscale simulation framework that couples the body/brain scale biomechanics with micro-scale mechanobiology to study the effects of “primary” micro-damage to neuro-axonal structures with the “secondary” injury and repair mechanisms. Our results show that oligodendrocyte myelinating processes distribute strains among neighbor axons and cause their off-axis deformations. Similar effects have been observed at the finer scale for the Tau-Microtubule interaction. The paper also discusses the need for coupled modeling of primary injury biomechanics, secondary injury mechanobiology and model based assessment of injury severity scores. A new integrated computational and experimental approach is described coupling micro-scale injury criteria for the primary micro-mechanical damage to brain tissue/cells as well as to investigate various secondary injury mechanisms. 
Tracked Vehicle Performance Evaluation using Multi Body Dynamics
Authors: Balamurugan S. , Srinivasan R.
Published: July 2017

The objective of the study was to shorten the design cycle and evaluate the performance of infantry fighting vehicle using advanced multi body dynamics (MBD) environment before physical prototypes built. The MBD model is built with tracked vehicle module consisting of tracks (Links), sprocket, Support rollers, and hydro pneumatic suspension with suitable connections. Hull, turret are characterised by mass and inertial properties. The dynamic analysis was carried out for different field conditions i.e. trench crossing, step and ramp climbing, etc., to extract the hull forces at joints, power required to manuever, track tension forces to determine overall vehicle stability and look for possible design modifications. Recommendations were then suggested for power train, number of track segments, tensioner force, etc to ensure proper behavior during different manuevers. The MBD results are used in FEA to determine structural response in terms of stress, deformation, fatigue etc., and reflects in design modification before physical prototype made and are validated with base level analytical results.
Cyberspace Security : An Overview for Beginners
Authors: Rai Nitin , Chansarkar Shailesh R
Published: July 2017

Internet is perhaps the only technology invented by mankind which has singly led to what is appearing to be the third revolution after the renaissance and the industrial revolution. The Internet, as of today, proposes to connect everything driven by the semiconductor, naming it off late, as the Internet-of-Things (IoT). It has over the years, connected the semiconductor driven systems and their human users, evolving the connected whole including the human user represented in that common whole, being called the cyberspace. This cyberspace consists of all the computing, processing, storage, printing, communicating, networking, etc. devices together with the large mass of human population using it.
The nonlinear diffusion equation of the ideal barotropic gas through a porous medium
Authors: Zhan Huashui
Published: July 2017

The nonlinear diffusion equation of the ideal barotropic gas through a porous medium is considered. If the diffusion coefficient is degenerate on the boundary, then the solutions may be controlled by the initial value completely, the well-posedness of the solutions may be obtained without any boundary condition.
Competition analysis using neighborhood models: implications for plant community assembly rules
Authors: Lopes Sergio de Faria
Published: July 2017

Contemporary studies in plant ecology have investigated the processes and patterns underlying plant community of structure and dynamics, mainly in tropical forests. In this context, the effects of competitive interactions between trees and their neighbors on tree growth and survival in plant communities have been addressed using neighborhood models. The purpose of these efforts has been to better understand the processes that drive patterns of species abundance, which has the potential to change our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary factors involved in ecosystem dynamics. Therefore, studies concerning the competitive mechanisms that explain neighborhood interactions of plants are the subject of this short review. Two main ecological theories have received strong support in this regard: 1) environmental filtering and 2) niche complementarity. These theories are mutually compatible and act simultaneously, however, their relative importance may change depending on resource availability, type of plant community and successional stage.
Extracción, química, actividad biológica, control de calidad y potencial económico de los aceites esenciales
Authors: Noriega Rivera Paco
Published: July 2017

La presente revisión muestra de manera integral, los aspectos de mayor relevancia de uno de los metabolitos secundarios más importantes en el campo de los productos naturales, los aceites esenciales. El estudio abarca desde los procesos de extracción más difundidos, sus características físicas, químicas y biológicas; finalizando con un análisis de su potencial comercial, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo el servir de material de consulta para todo aquel que desee profundizar en el tema. De manera particular, se toman como referencia estudios realizados entre la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador y las Universidades de Estudios de Ferrara y Pavia.
Extracción, pruebas de estabilidad y análisis químico preliminar de la fracción colorante obtenido a partir del exocarpo del fruto de Renealmia Alpinia
Authors: Noriega Rivera Paco , Coba Santamaría Pablo , Naikiai Joselito , Abad Juan
Published: July 2017

Del exocarpo del fruto comestible de la especie Renealmia Alpinia, proveniente de la Amazonía sur del Ecuador, mediante una extracción alcohólica y posterior evaporación del solvente, se obtuvo una fracción colorante de tonalidad púrpura con un rendimiento del 2,13%.A dicha fracción se la sometió a diversas pruebas para analizar su estabilidad en variadas condiciones como: pH, temperatura y su comportamiento con solventes de diversa polaridad. Para conocer anticipadamente su naturaleza química se efectuaron diversos ensayos entre los que destacamos: su espectro ultravioleta visible, su espectro infrarrojo, la cuanti cación de antocianos totales y sus per les cromatográ cos en HPLC a 520 nanómetros.Adicionalmente, se evaluó la toxicidad de la especie. 
Estudios de interacciones entre moléculas antioxidantes y moléculas relacionadas con radicales oxidativos mediante cálculos mecano cuánticos y simulaciones de dinámica molecular
Authors: Soria Salazar Jorge , Aldás Palacios Oswaldo
Published: July 2017

Los flavonoides son reconocidos por su actividad antioxidante; sin embargo, su relación estructura-actividad antioxidante no es muy clara. Mediante cálculos mecano cuánticos se determinaron las estructuras de equilibrio de éstos y de moléculas relacionadas con radicales libres del oxígeno. Los cálculos fueron realizados al nivel de teoría RHF/6-311G utilizando el programa GAMESS. La quercetina, fisetina, y los ácidos caféico y ferúlico presentaron estructuras de equilibrio planas. La genisteína y la floretina presentaron desviaciones de la planaridad de 47,2 ◦C y 90,9 ◦C. El potencial electrostático molecular (MEP) en el nivel de teoría RHF/6-311G** mostró que en las moléculas planas, la deslocalización electrónica se extiende a largo de toda su estructura. Los MEPs permitieron identificar las regiones favorables para las interacciones, alrededor de los grupos hidroxilo de los anillos A y B. Las simulaciones de dinámica molecular para las interacciones Quercetina-O2 y Quercetina-H2O; mostraron que las primeras son débiles, mientras que en las últimas la interacción es mediante enlaces hidrógeno en 4’-OH y 7-OH. El criterio de reactividad basado en las magnitudes de las cargas parciales de los oxígenos de los grupos hidroxilo, sugirió que el sitio más reactivo está ubicado en 4’-OH, lo que concuerda con datos experimentales y de estudios teóricos. En este grupo hidroxilo la distancia promedio del enlace hidrógeno fue 1,76 Å, formando un ángulo de 111,6 ◦C. 
Buenas prácticas de ordeño y la calidad higiénica de la leche en el Ecuador
Authors: Bonifaz García Nancy , Requelme Narcisa de Jesús
Published: July 2017

Mediante esta investigación se pudo conocer las Buenas Prácticas de Ordeño (BPO) que se desarrollan en las zonas productoras de leche en Ecuador, de manera que se puedan establecer parámetros de mejoramiento de las mismas y prevenir la contaminación de la leche producida y además un control acorde a las condiciones de cada zona. De esta manera, el propósito de la investigación fue determinar la influencia de las buenas prácticas de ordeño en la calidad de la leche según el tamaño de las unidades productivas, en las principales provincias de mayor producción lechera de Ecuador con miras al mejoramiento de las BPO y, por ende, mejor precio de la leche al productor. Así como caracterizar los sistemas tecnológicos de ordeño en diferentes unidades productivas según la superficie, el sistema de producción y áreas agroecológicas de producción lechera. Finalmente observar las implicaciones de las buenas prácticas de ordeño en la calidad de la leche, mediante el análisis microbiológico. 
Espectroscopía de absorción atómica con llama y su aplicación para la determinación de plomo y control de productos cosméticos
Authors: Gallegos Wilma , Vega María , Noriega Paco
Published: July 2017

La presente es una revisión bibliográfica sobre la espectroscopia de absorción atómica de llama, método sensible y confiable en la determinación de metales pesados, ya que cuenta con una energía de transmisión electrónica única para cada metal. Este hecho facilita la investigación de nuevos productos cosméticos, en los cuales la determinación de plomo (Pb) es un tema de constante interés debido a su toxicidad. Es el caso de las empresas fabricantes las cuales a más de cumplir con la reglamentación exigida por la autoridad sanitaria deben plantearse requerimientos rigurosos en las buenas prácticas de fabricación, con el afán de dar al consumidor formulaciones inteligentes que embellezcan sin repercusiones sobre la salud en el tiempo, además de la información necesaria acerca de su composición. Asimismo, la autoridad sanitaria debe verificar en la etapa de post-registro las especificaciones de cumplimiento de la normativa, controlando de una mejor manera los productos cosméticos que circulan en el país. 
La crisis ambiental y los derechos de la naturaleza: una visión desde la Ecología Política
Authors: Bravo Elizabeth
Published: July 2017

La crisis ambiental indicada durante la Revolución Industrial y agudizada a partir del último quinquenio del siglo XX, ha producido cambios tan profundos en el planeta; lo que la levaría a enfrentar una nueva era geológica: el Antropoceno. La extracción de recursos naturales y la movilización de materiales y energía ha respondido a una economía de rapiña por parte de los países industrializados hacia sus excolonias. Por tal motivo, el derecho humano a un medio ambiente sano y libre de contaminación ya no es suficiente, como tampoco lo es el concepto de desarrollo sustentable. En ese sentido, la Constitución del Ecuador hace una propuesta radical cuando reconoce derechos a la naturaleza y establece que es el Sumak Kawsay el camino por donde debemos transitar para mejorar la relación con nuestro medio. Esto implica que las actividades económicas deben respetar el derecho al mantenimiento y regeneración de los ciclos vitales, estructura, funciones y procesos evolutivos de la naturaleza. 
Multivariate Characterization Of The Entities That Make Up The Patrimony Of Natural Areas Of The Ecuadorian State: Phase I
Authors: Yánez-Moretta Patricio , Benavides Jaime , Quishpe Christian
Published: July 2017

El presente trabajo ha considerado la compilación cuidadosa de datos bióticos, abióticos, antrópicos y de gestión de las diferentes Áreas naturales Protegidas que conforman lo que actualmente se denomina el Patrimonio de Áreas Naturales del Ecuador. Se pretende, a través del presente documento generar un espacio donde se analicen y discutan las relaciones entre las variables de interés registradas en las Áreas Protegidas, aplicando herramientas de análisis multivariado: una manera idónea con la cual se puede analizar de manera simultánea juegos de datos complejos y/o abundantes. El presente documento muestra los resultados de este análisis, así se discute la riqueza natural y la problemática de las diferentes áreas protegidas. Va dirigido a la sociedad ecuatoriana en general.
Actividad biológica de hongos endófitos presentes en dos plantas medicinales chuquirahua (Chuquiragua jussieui J. F. Gmel) y ñachag (Bidens andicola Kunth)
Authors: Delgado Fernández Ernesto , Vásquez Matute Santiago , Icaza Samaniego Ximena
Published: July 2017

La presente es una investigación acerca de la actividad biológica de hongos endófitos aislados de dos plantas consideradas medicinales Chuquiragua jussieui J.F. Gmel y Bidens andicola Kunth, recolectadas en tres zonas diferentes del parque nacional Cajas de Cuenca, Ecuador. Los taxa fúngicos más frecuentes fueron: Alternaria, Fusarium, Nigrospora, Phoma, Coelomycetes, el mayor porcentaje de infestación correspondió a los denominados «Mycelia sterilia» (micelios estériles) siendo de particular interés su actividad antagonista. Se evaluó in vitro, la interacción antagónica de estos hongos endófitos, frente, a hongos fitopatógenos: Botrytis cinerea, Phragmidium disciflorum, Colletotrichum gloesporoides, Oidium Sp. Guignardia citricarpa, Pestalotia Sp. Plasmopara viticola, Pythium Sp.Taphrina deformans, Fumago Sp. Monilia roreri, Ceratocystis fimbriata, Bremia lactucae. Los resultados más prometedores se evidenciaron en aislados de «Mycelia sterilia» (estructuras no esporificantes) con un porcentaje del 89,1% frente al Colletotrichum gloesporoides agente causal de la antracnosis en el tomate de árbol. Además se hizo el análisis in vitro frente a bacterias fitopatógenas de los géneros: Erwinia Sp. Agrobacterium tumefacens, Pseudomonas Sp. y Xanthomonas Sp. Algunas cepas de hongos endófitos de los taxa mencionados, presentaron actividad antagonista, el objetivo de esta investigación y análisis es determinar los niveles y porcentajes de antagonismo, para el uso de los hongos endófitos en el control de enfermedades fitopatógenas causadas por hongos y bacterias. Los resultados son muy satisfactorios, según lo encontrado.
El discurso desincretizador y womanista de Georgina Herrera: hacia una descolonización de la espiritualidad de la mujer negra cubana
Authors: Zapata-Calle Ana
Published: July 2017

Resumen

El propósito de este artículo es usar la poesía de Georgina Herrera para deconstruir la tradición de la santería que considera la religión yoruba como una ramificación del catolicismo y no como una religión universal. Georgina Herrera refleja en sus poemarios África (2006) y Gatos y liebres o libro de las conciliaciones (2010) el nuevo discurso afro-cubano que apuesta por una heterogeneidad religiosa que emerge en Cuba a finales de los años ochenta. Además, la poeta aboga en su poesía por el derecho del liderazgo religioso de la mujer afro-cubana, recuperando las practicas yorubas ortodoxas y el papel activo de las mujeres en sus rituales.

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to use Georgina Herrera’s poetry in order to deconstruct the tradition of santería that considers the Yoruba religion under the wing of Catholicism and not as a universal religion. Georgina Herrera reflects in her books of poems África (2006) and Gatos y liebres o libro de las conciliaciones (2010) the new Afro-Cuban discourse of religious heterogeneity that emerged in Cuba at the end of the eighties. Furthermore, the poet advocates for the right to leadership of Afro-Cuban women recovering the orthodox Yoruba practices and the active role of women in their rituals. 
Feminismo comunitario: pluralizando el sujeto y objeto del feminismo
Authors: Cano Julieta Evangelina
Published: July 2017

Resumen

La intención del presente trabajo es pensar al feminismo como un movimiento social, dentro del cual surgen otros movimientos que además de cuestionar al Patriarcado, cuestionan al propio feminismo por entender que cierto feminismo blanco, burgués y de clase media hegemonizó las demandas del colectivo, invisibilizando las situaciones de muchas mujeres con realidades específicas y demandas particulares, que no se sienten representadas, como el feminismo afrodescendiente, indígena, lesbiano, etcétera. Puntualmente me interesa abordar al feminismo comunitario para preguntarme acerca de su potencial disidente. En esta (pseudo)ruptura, aunque la identidad de lo que entendemos por feminismo no se pone en cuestión, lo cierto es que el feminismo hegemónico no estaría ofreciendo lugar para todas aquellas identidades de mujeres que necesitan crear otros espacios de identificación, sin divorciarse plenamente del feminismo, “conservando el apellido”.

 

Abstract

The aim of the present paper is to think feminism as a social movement, in which other movements arise questioning not only the Patriarchy, but also questioning feminism itself. This questioning to feminism is due by the fact that white, bourgeois and middle class feminism hegemonized the demands of women´s collective, making invisible the situations of many women with specific realities and particular demands, who do not feel represented as Afro-descendant feminism, Indigenous feminism, Lesbian feminism, etcetera. I am interested in exploring the dissident potential of community feminism. In this (pseudo) rupture, although the identity of what we understand as feminism is not challenged, it is true that hegemonic feminism would not be giving place to all the identities of women who need to create other spaces of identification without fully divorcing from the feminism, in other words, "preserving the surname".
 
Consumo y desarrollo en el tercer gobierno peronista
Authors: Pryluka Pablo F. , Coviello Ramiro
Published: July 2017

El artículo muestra que el tratamiento del consumo durante la tercera presidencia de Perón, específicamente en el plan Trienal, presentó novedades significativas en relación con la tematización ejercida por los gobiernos previos y el peronismo de posguerra. Frente al desafío de articular la redistribución progresiva del ingreso con un proceso acelerado de acumulación sin estrangulamiento de divisas, una de las respuestas ensayadas consistió en cuestionar la imitación de pautas de consumo suntuario extranjeras, por parte de los sectores de altos y medianos ingresos. Si bien esta dimensión fue planteada por Raúl Prebisch o Aldo Ferrer, se argumenta que este abordaje del problema del consumo se vincula con los debates sobre estilos de desarrollo que emergieron entre fines de los sesenta y principios de los setenta. El capítulo latinoamericano de estos contó con intelectuales como Oscar Varsavsky y los científicos que brindaron alternativas a las proyecciones del Club de Roma.
El enfoque adecuado de la propiedad intelectual desde un país en desarrollo
Authors: Robayo Byron
Published: July 2017

El Acuerdo sobre los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual relacionados con el Comercio (ADPIC), trajo consigo la promesa de alcanzar el desarrollo que no llegó. Asimismo, las estrategias que han adoptado en este tiempo los países en desarrollo, tampoco han sido efectivas para cambiar la realidad. Se debe entender que debilitar el sistema de propiedad intelectual no es la salida, por el contrario, un sistema fuerte y equilibrado de propiedad intelectual reduce el riesgo implícito en los costos de transacción de alojar o transferir activos intangibles de propiedad intelectual en otro territorio, como también incentiva la innovación local. La solución está mucho más cerca de lo que creemos, en el mismo sistema de propiedad intelectual. Sin embargo, para ello debemos entender las bondades que nos otorga el sistema mundial de propiedad intelectual y de forma urgente mejorar el sistema de educación para lograr la transferencia de tecnología que todos los países en desarrollo buscamos.
Shifting paradigms in the management of metastatic and unresectable melanoma
Authors: Suhag Virender , Vats Pankaj
Published: July 2017

Cutaneous melanoma is regarded as the most aggressive form amongst all skin cancers. Although representing only 4% of all cancers, of the 132,000 people diagnosed globally each year, 37,000 will die. In 2017, approximately 87,110 new cases of melanoma will be diagnosed in the United States, of which approximately 9,730 patients will succumb to the disease.
Liderança sustentável sob a perspectiva de docentes e discentes de um curso de Gestão de Recursos Humanos
Authors: Rodrigues Retiele Da Cunha , Froehlich Cristiane
Published: July 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo conhecer a visão de docentes e discentes do Curso de Gestão de Recursos Humanos de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior sobre o tema liderança sustentável. Para atender a esse objetivo, a pesquisa classifica-se em exploratória e descritiva, levantamento, quantitativa e qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de um questionário para uma amostra de 10 docentes e 56 discentes. Os dados foram analisados por meio da tabulação quantitativa e da análise de conteúdo qualitativa. Os principais resultados mostram que a minoria dos discentes e a metade dos docentes conhecem o tema liderança sustentável. Contudo, reconhecem a importância das questões relacionadas com a sustentabilidade no contexto organizacional e posicionam-se como favoráveis para a implantação de um projeto de liderança sustentável nas organizações.
Barreiras do ter e pessoas com Síndrome de Down: o papel do marketing na exclusão social
Authors: Faria Marina Dias de , Casotti Leticia Moreira
Published: July 2017

A literatura com foco na exclusão vivenciada pelas pessoas com deficiência apresenta três tipos de barreiras sociais: barreiras de fazer, barreiras de ser e barreiras de falar. Partindo-se dessas pesquisas, o artigo tem como objetivo identificar e explorar as diferentes facetas da “barreira do ter” para os consumidores com Síndrome de Down. A escolha de focar o estudo em pessoas com a referida síndrome deveu-se principalmente a dois aspectos: (1) os deficientes mentais não costumam ter espaço nas discussões da academia de administração e(2) dentre as deficiências mentais, a Síndrome de Down apresenta características fenotípicas que fazem como que sua condição seja visível, o que reforça o estigma da deficiência. Foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas em profundidade com 18 pessoas com Síndrome de Down e suas famílias. As principais facetas da barreira do ter identificadas e exploradas foram a falta de acessibilidade nos ambientes de compras, a exclusão do mercado de trabalho, a relação distanciada do dinheiro, os problemas de mobilidade urbana, a dificuldade de acesso à educação formal e a representação do deficiente na mídia. A barreira do ter para as pessoas com Síndrome de Down pode ser caracterizada como predominantemente atitudinal e são os mais diferentes atores sociais que contribuem para reforçá-la.
Um estudo experimental da sinalização de serviços no ambiente digital
Authors: Brambilla Flávio Régio , Gusatti Ciro Eduardo
Published: July 2017

Pesquisas sustentam que a sinalização da qualidade pode se dar na internet através da avaliação do cliente sobre o website da organização. Os estudos, entretanto, buscam a avaliação de situações que envolvem a comercialização de bens em e-commerce e negligenciam a realidade dos serviços. Tendo como base a teoria sinalização da qualidade, realizou-se uma investigação sobre as percepções do consumidor frente às empresas de serviços na internet. A partir do desenvolvimento de um experimento, buscou-se verificar a influência da sinalização da qualidade de uma organização de serviço na confiança, na percepção de qualidade e na intenção de compra do consumidor. Para isso, a investigação contou com a criação de uma empresa fictícia de serviços e o desenvolvimento de websites com diferentes níveis de sinalização (alto investimento, médio investimento e baixo investimento). Resultados provenientes de análises de variância (ANOVA) confirmaram as hipóteses e a existência de diferenças significativas entre os grupos manipulados. Testes de correlação evidenciaram, ainda, que existem associações significativas entre a percepção de investimento (credibilidade do sinal) e a confiança, percepção de qualidade e intenção de compra do serviço.
Analysis of the Process of Methane Pyrolysis in Polydisperse Porous Medium
Authors: Maikov I.L. , Zaichenko V.M.
Published: July 2017

The paper deals with the results of theoretical investigation of the process of methane pyrolysis an a polydisperse medium. A separate porous particle (macroparticle) is treated and this particle consists of different microparticles, which intersect randomly. A kinetic equation is used to describe the dynamics of a polydisperse system of microparticles in the process of methane pyrolysis. The reaction rate on the reaction surface of the particle is of the order of n with respect to the gas reactant. The reactant is delivered to the porous macroparticle via external diffusion layer outside of the particle and internal diffusion layer in the particle pores. A generalization of the expression for porosity for a polydisperse medium is made. Comparison is made of the times required for filling the pores for different initial size distributions of particles. A general analytical expression is derived describing the dependence of variation of the inner reaction surface on the degree of metamorphism of the porous skeleton for an arbitrary initial size distribution of particles. Comparison is made of the dependences of the degree of metamorphism of porous skeleton on dimensionless time for different initial distributions, namely, monodisperse, uniform, and normally
logarithmic with varying dispersion. It has been demonstrated that a polydisperse medium may be described by an effective structure parameter.
Effect of Different Treatment on the Adsorption of p-Cresol by Activated Carbon
Authors: Nouri Sirous
Published: July 2017

Adsorption of p-Cresol by three activated carbons (one untreated and two treated) was carried out at 301 K and at controlled pH conditions. By treating the activated carbon the PZC and adsorption capacity (Qmax) of carbon change. The adsorption capacity of each carbon, by using the homogenous Langmuir-Freundlich model, was found to comparing the effect of different treatment. At pH lower than pKa of p-cresol (molecular form), it was observed that the electron density of aromatic ring and also those of the carbon surface, are the main forces involved in the adsorption process, by affecting the extent of London dispersion forces. Treating by H2 increase the PZC and treating by H2SO4 decrease this factor. At higher pH (in ionic form), it was found that the electrostatic forces played a significant role on the extent of adsorption. In this condition the adsorption of the solute dependent on the concentration of anionic form of the solute. The effect of pH must be considered from its combined effects on the carbon surface and on the solute molecules. It was found that the uptake of the molecular form of the aromatic solute was dependent on the PZC of the carbon.
Influence of Carbon Content on Superconductivity of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox
Authors: Soh Deawha , Fan Zhanguo , Korobova N.
Published: July 2017

Bi2Sr2CaCu2OX was prepared by the conventional method of solid state reaction and SHS method. The samples were annealed in different atmosphere in order to examine the influence of atmospheres on the carbon contents in the Bi2Sr2CaCu2OX compound. The lowest carbon content in Bi2Sr2CaCu2OX could be attended when the sample was annealed in O2 at 800 °C for 100 hours. The CO2 in air pollute the samples and increase the carbon content in the sintering process. The critical current density of the Bi2Sr2CaCu2OX samples will decrease with the increasing carbon contents in the samples. The impurity carbon will deposit in the grain boundary, which makes critical current density lower.
High Temperature Superconducting Thick Films by use of EPD Method (II)
Authors: Deawha Soh , Korobova N. , Jungcheul Park
Published: July 2017

High temperature superconducting (HTS) thick films deposited on metal Ag wire were prepared with YBCO and BSCCO powders by electrophoretic deposition method. I2 was used as additives for surface charge of YBCO and BSCCO particles. When 2-3 wt.% BaF2 was added in the YBCO suspension, the pores and cracks of film surface were decreased and film density could be increased. In case of YBCO films, the critical current density (Jc) was calculated at the value of 1458 A/cm2 (77 K, 0 K) by 4 point prove method. BSCCO films had less cracks than YBCO films, and the critical current density (Jc) was obtained more than 104 A/cm2.
Greekopolis
Authors: Leblanc Jean René
Published: July 2017

Digital infrared photograph.Since 2012, I have been using digital infrared photography to investigate spaces and places with strong historical and cultural significance. Greekopolis is a body of work that uses this format to develop new ways of looking at the world we live in. Shot in Greece between June 15 and July 15, 2015, the project proposes a series of diptychs juxtaposing images of ancient and modern ruins to generate a dialogue between—and about—contemporary and historical landscapes and economic practices.
CPI Welcomes Jennifer Eiserman's Special Issue
Authors: DePass Cecille , Abdi Ali
Published: July 2017

In Us-Them-Us, several artists affiliated with the University of Calgary, and an invited poet, adopt perspectives, usually associated with that of being agents provocateur. Key themes, issues, images, symbols, and slogans associated with postcoloniality and postmodernity are well illustrated in particularly, vivid ways. Thank you Jennifer Eiserman, for working closely with the contributors, in order to, produce a special issue which highlights well established traditions of the arts and humanities. This CPI Special Issue holds up for scrutiny, central aspects of our troubling contemporary and historical life worlds.
Enfoques de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios chinos de español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Azpiroz Núñez María del Carmen
Published: July 2017

La presente investigación se centra en la identificación y comprensión de los enfoques de aprendizaje prevalentes en los estudiantes universitarios chinos de español como lengua extranjera en el marco de un Programa Conjunto Interuniversitario con una duración de dos semestres académicos. Busca asimismo comprender los posibles cambios ocurridos en los enfoques como consecuencia del estudio de español en modalidad de inmersión en el marco de dicho programa.Se trata de un estudio de caso, de diseño cualitativo, con alcance explicativo y elementos longitudinales. Se realizaron entrevistas a 27 estudiantes que corresponden al 100% de los estudiantes de la generación 2013-2014 del Programa. Dentro de cada enfoque de aprendizaje (tanto superficial como profundo) se consideró la dimensión de la motivación (intrínseca o extrínseca) y el lugar de la memorización en el aprendizaje.A la motivación extrínseca e intrínseca se suma la categoría emergente de motivación intermedia que implica que el estudiante comienza por un interés extrínseco -como obtener un empleo o ganar dinero- pero luego desarrolla un interés genuino por el estudio de español. Entre las razones para este cambio se destacan la realización de actividades o tareas lingüísticas que resultan interesantes, el surgimiento de un interés por la cultura de los países hispanohablantes y el contacto con extranjeros.En cuanto a los procesos de memorización los estudiantes piensan que la misma es positiva porque permite retener mejor los conocimientos, están acostumbrados a dichos procesos en su recorrido educativo en China, los mismo les resultan útiles y eficientes para aprobar los exámenes si se tiene en cuenta las diferencias interlingüísticas entre el chino mandarín y el español. Desde una versión más ecléctica, los procesos de memorización hacen perder el tiempo, generan aburrimiento, no siempre funcionan eficazmente para recordar material y solamente son eficaces si el material a memorizar es breve y simple.
Los talleres de tesis como aproximación a una comunidad de práctica
Authors: Fernández Fastuca Lorena , Guevara Jennifer
Published: July 2017

Uno de los desafíos de la formación de investigadores durante los estudios de posgrado es formar en el quehacer de la investigación que involucra no solamente el desarrollo de competencias sino también la inmersión en una comunidad de práctica: la comunidad académica. Los talleres constituyen espacios en los que se establece una interrelación entre teoría y práctica que favorece el aprendizaje del quehacer de la investigación. Este artículo explora los talleres de tesis en una universidad argentina como espacios de aproximación a una comunidad de práctica. Propone un abordaje centrado en los dispositivos pedagógicos, el que puede resultar de utilidad para la investigación pedagógico-didáctica sobre la formación de posgrado. Se observaron los encuentros de dos talleres de un mismo programa doctoral en ciencias sociales y se realizó un análisis temático. Se encontró que los talleres proponen tareas significativas para la comunidad académica, proveen un ambiente controlado pero no simulado de aprendizaje y favorecen el aprendizaje del repertorio y el intercambio con pares y docentes. Empero, cuando la evaluación es preponderante, el taller propicia lógicas de aprobación más que de aprendizaje. En definitiva, el marco de comunidades de práctica es propicio para el abordaje de la transmisión de saberes prácticos en el marco de la educación de posgrado al no enfocarse solamente en lo que sucede en la institución educativa y tomar al aprendizaje como un proceso que se desarrolla en tanto se participa en una comunidad de práctica.
ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY OF IMAGE ANALYSIS AS A MEANS OF INCREASING THE OBJECTIVITY AND RELIABILITY OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS
Authors: Erofeev S. V. , Shishkin Y. Y. , Fedorova A. S.
Published: July 2017

The article presents 15 years of the authors experience in the development and implementation in expert practice of the methods of obtaining and analyzing digital 2D and 3D images. Presents an original device and the method of obtaining 3D images. Proposed cooperation in the use and improvement of the methodology. Analyzed the main differences of the proposed method from virtopsy.
TACTIC AND ALGORITHM OF FORENSIC MEDICAL INVESTIGATION IN CASES WITH MULTIPLE RIB FRACTURES. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Klevno V. A.
Published: July 2017

Practical recommendations contains tactic and algorithm of forensic medical investigation in cases with multiple rib fractures
A CASE OF TRAUMATIC BASAL SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE IN NECK TRAUMA
Authors: Rudneva N. S. , Litvinovich V. G.
Published: July 2017

The article presents a case of expert practice, where the medical value is necessary to determine the causal role of trauma in causing hemorrhage.