bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Fruits of Solanum hirtum Vahl. from Venezuela
Authors: Ramirez Rubén , Pérez-Colmenares Alida , Obregón-Díaz Ysbelia , Rojas-Fermín Luis , Cordero Yndra , De Lima Wilberto
Published: August 2024

Solanum hirtum (Solanaceae) has been used in traditional medicine to heal several illnesses, it’s worked as an antiseptic for sore throat and other diseases. The present study describes the phytochemical profiles, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of S. hirtum fruits. The phytochemicals from the dried fruits were extracted using a maceration technique with methanol and the flash column chromatography with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol was the selected means to fraction the extract. The phytochemical screening was implemented using standard chemical tests. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities were screened using the disc diffusion method, and analyzing the radical scavenging activity using 2,2´-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), respectively, whilst the total phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The phytochemical analysis results revealed the presence of terpenoids, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Antibacterial activity results showed the dichloromethane fraction exhibited activity against S. aureus (7.0 mm) and K. pneumoniae (9.0 mm) and methanolic fraction against P. aeruginosa (7.0 mm), S. aureus (8.0 mm) and K. pneumoniae (9.0 mm). In the DPPH scavenging assay, the IC50 value of the extract was 268.66±0.01 μg/mL. S. hirtum showed dose-dependent DPPH radicals scavenging activity. The total phenolic content (in gallic acid equivalents, GAE) was 18.54±0.30 mg GAE/g and the flavonoids content (in quercetin equivalents, QE) was 5.14±0.10 mg QE/g. Solanum genus is enriched with a diverse class of chemical compounds based on the literature survey and in our study, the resulting bioactivities are basically due to a mixture of phytochemicals possessed in the extracts or may be due to the synergistic activity of various constituents held by this plant species.
Semi-synthesis of N-substituted Mahanimbine via Alkylation
Authors: Mohd Yunos Nurliana , Mohd Nor Siti Mariam , Nafiah Mohd Azlan
Published: August 2024

Mahanimbine, a prenylated carbazole found primarily in the Rutaceae family, has remarkable biological features such as anticancer, antidiabetic and antioxidant. Therefore, it is intriguing to tweak the mahanimbine structure with the aim of adding extra value to their activity. Three new derivatives were semi-synthesised by N-alkylation of naturally isolated mahanimbine using alkyl bromides, yielding N-butylmahanimbine, N-(3-methylbutyl) mahanimbine, and N-benzylmahanimbine. The structures of N-alkylated mahanimbines were elucidated using different spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, GCMS, and NMR).
Estimating Upsurge of Hiv Cases in Malaysia by Using Heun's Predictor-Corrector Method
Authors: Emmanuel Sabastine , Sathasivam Saratha , Hasmadi Nur Haziqah Izni , Mohamad Nasir Nur Hakimah , Velavan Muraly
Published: August 2024

The prevalence of HIV/AIDS remains a significant global health concern, including in Malaysia. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to simulate the dynamics of HIV transmission and progression within the Malaysian population. The model incorporates various factors such as population size, infection rate, progression to AIDS, recruitment, natural death, and death due to the disease. Heun's predictor-corrector method was applied to numerically solve the model equations and predict the population of susceptible individuals, infected individuals, and AIDS cases over time. Real-world data on HIV/AIDS cases in Malaysia were used to validate the model and provide accurate predictions. The results indicated a gradual decline in the number of susceptible individuals and an increase in the number of infected individuals and AIDS cases over the simulation period. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of HIV/AIDS transmission in Malaysia and aid in the development of effective prevention and control strategies. Further research and refinement of the model are essential for continuous monitoring and projection of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Malaysia, facilitating timely interventions and resource allocation for healthcare planning and policy-making.
The Effects of Peer Interaction towards Mathematical Understanding during Learning Activities among Elementary Students
Authors: Abdul Rahman Noor Aida Affida , Abdullah Mohd Faizal Nizam Lee
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the effect of peer interaction on mathematical understanding during learning activities among primary school students. This study gives an overview of how peer interaction impacts student understanding of mathematics. It enlightens educators and learners on the importance of communication in the teaching and learning process, especially in mathematics. The objectives of this study are to investigate students’ peer interaction during learning activities and to study the effects of their interaction on their understanding of mathematics while completing their mathematics group tasks. This study employed the qualitative approach. Four Year 5 students, aged between 10 and 11 years old, have been selected through purposive sampling as respondents. The data collected were the recorded videos of the mathematics lessons on the selected subtopics. Based on the findings, peer interaction among the respondents significantly affects their understanding. The communication among the respondents also indicated that peer interaction or group discussion is an effective tool for enhancing their mathematical understanding.
Pharmacological Activities of the Genus Globimetula and Scurrula
Authors: Muhammad Kamal Ja’afar
Published: August 2024

This article aims to deliver updates on the pharmacological activities of Globimetula and Scurrula species and their usage as ethnomedicine worldwide. About 13 species of Globimetula and 10 species of Scurrula are spread in Africa and Asia respectively. There is a need to establish the pharmacological properties of the plant extracts and isolated compounds from these species. Research on the biological activities of Globimetula and Scurrula species showed considerable disease-related enzyme (tyrosinase) inhibition as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, central nervous system depressant, and cytotoxic activities. This review also affords important information for the future growth of isolated compounds from Globimetula and Scurrula species.
A Novel ANFIS Controller for LFC in RES Integrated Three-Area Power System
Authors: Sekyere Yaw Opoku Mensah , Effah Francis Boafo , Okyere Philip Yaw
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a novel Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model for Load Frequency Control (LFC) with an expanded input configuration, incorporating the integral of the area control error (ACE) alongside the traditional ACE and its derivative. This additional input captures historical ACE trends, enhancing the ANFIS control performance. The ANFIS training dataset, comprising ACE error, its derivative, and integral, is generated using a PID controller tuned by a variant of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm called an Adaptive Dynamic Inertia Weight Acceleration Coefficient (ADIWACO). Its evaluation on a three-area power system with renewable energy sources (RES) includes comparative analysis with PID, traditional 2-input ANFIS, Fuzzy Logic, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) controllers. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed 3-input ANFIS controller in terms of performance metrics, consisting of overshoot, undershoot, settling time, steady-state error, and Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). Notably, the proposed ANFIS model shows a significant 75.89% improvement in ITAE value over the traditional 2-input ANFIS when communication delays and governor dead band constraints are considered, underscoring the significant impact of the additional input. System parameters variation of ±25%, further confirms the controller's robustness to uncertain model parameters. This study contributes to advancing real-world application of ANFIS controllers for LFC in interconnected power systems integrated with the two most widely developed renewable resources, namely solar and wind power plants.
Navigating the Path to Sustainability: The Interplay of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, Creativity, and Motivation in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Landscape
Authors: Salsabila Putri , Hastin Umi Anisah
Published: August 2024

The sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is crucial for economic growth and development, particularly in emerging economies. This study investigates the influence of entrepreneurial knowledge, creativity, and motivation on the sustainability of MSMEs operating within the culinary sector. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing survey data collected from 30 MSME owners and employees at Gatsu Food Square in Banjarmasin, Indonesia. The data analysis involves validity and reliability tests, normality checks, and regression analysis to examine the relationships between the variables. The findings reveal that entrepreneurial knowledge has a positive and significant impact on business sustainability. However, creativity and entrepreneurial motivation do not exhibit a statistically significant influence on sustainability in this specific context. The study underscores the critical role of entrepreneurial knowledge in fostering sustainable businesses. It suggests that while creativity and motivation are important entrepreneurial attributes, their direct impact on sustainability may be contingent upon other factors or require further investigation. The research offers valuable insights for policymakers, MSME support organizations, and entrepreneurs themselves in promoting sustainable business practices within the MSME sector.
GREEN ENERGY IN ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION: EVOLUTION AND DETERMINING FACTORS
Authors:   National Institute for Economic Research, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, Moldova, GUTIUM Tatiana , EFREMOV Cristina ,   Technical University of Moldova, LEU Vasile ,   The National Agency for Energy Regulation of the Republic of Moldova (ANRE)
Published: August 2024

The research subject is green energy in Moldova. One advantage of green energy is its inexhaustibility, while natural gas and oil are distributed unevenly between countries and are exhaustible resources. This study aims to determine the economic factors influencing changes in the share of green energy in electricity production and to test the hypothesis that changes in world prices for natural gas directly affect the growth and distribution of green energy. The original aspect of the article is the testing of this hypothesis for Moldova and the study of structural changes in green energy.
Nab-paclitaxel plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancers: An open-label, non-randomized, phase II clinical trial
Authors: Xu Ling-Xiao , Yuan Jia-Jia , Xue Ran , Zhou Jun
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with high malignancy, poor prognosis, and limited treatment options.

AIM

To explore the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for advanced and metastatic BTCs.

METHODS

This open-label, non-randomized, double-center, phase II clinical trial recruited systemic therapy-naive patients with unresectable or metastatic BTCs between April 2019 and June 2022 at Beijing Cancer Hospital and the First Hospital of China Medical University. Eligible patients were administered nab-paclitaxel (150 mg/m2, day 1) and capecitabine (2000 mg/m2, twice daily, days 1-7) in 14-day cycles until experiencing intolerable toxicity or disease progression. The primary outcome was the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary outcomes included the disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety.

RESULTS

A total of 44 patients successfully completed the trial, with a median age of 64.00 years (interquartile range, 35.00-76.00), and 26 (59.09%) were females. Tumor response assessment was impeded for one patient due to premature demise from tumor hemorrhage. Among the remaining 43 patients undergoing at least one imaging assessment, the ORR was 23.26% [95% confidence interval (CI): 11.80%-38.60%], and the DCR was 69.77% (95%CI: 53.90%-82.80%). The median OS was 14.1 months (95%CI: 8.3-19.9), and the median PFS was 4.4 months (95%CI: 2.5-6.3). A total of 41 patients (93.18%) experienced at least one adverse event (AE), with 10 patients (22.73%) encountering grade ≥ 3 AEs, and the most frequent AEs of any grade were alopecia (79.50%), leukopenia (54.55%), neutropenia (52.27%), and liver dysfunction (40.91%), and no treatment-related deaths were documented.

CONCLUSION

Nab-paclitaxel plus capecitabine may be an effective and safe first-line treatment strategy for patients with advanced or metastatic BTCs.
Miristhma boyi sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae: Pteromalini), a new species from Uruguay
Authors: Perioto Nelson W. , Lara Rogéria I. R.
Published: August 2024

This study is focused on the parasitic wasps Miristhma Bouček, 1993 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae: Pteromalini), a small and poorly represented genus in entomological collections. Herein Miristhma boyi sp. n. Perioto & Lara is described as new to science based on specimens obtained from eastern Uruguay. Additionally, we provide illustrations, an identification key for these species, and a map with the geographical distribution of the known species of Miristhma based on the new record and literature data.
Metal Binder Jetting – Erste Konstruktionsempfehlungen für Bohrungen und Kanäle/Metal Binder Jetting – First design guidelines for boreholes and channels
Authors: Blunk Heiko , Seibel Arthur
Published: August 2024

Inhalt Mittels Metal Binder Jetting – einem neuen additiven Fertigungsverfahren – lassen sich Bauteile mit hoher Komplexität herstellen. Allerdings führen Unterschiede in der Prozesskette zu besonderen Anforderungen an die Bauteilkonstruktion. Die vergleichsweise geringe Festigkeit der Rohlinge erschwert ein zuverlässiges Entfernen von losem Pulver, welches im weiteren Verlauf der Prozesskette mit dem Bauteil versintert und somit in einer, teilweise irreparablen, Geometrieabweichung resultiert. Entsprechende Konstruktionsrichtlinien sind derzeit nur eingeschränkt verfügbar. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist daher, am Beispiel von Bohrungen und Kanälen entsprechende Prozessgrenzen aufzuzeigen, die eine prozesssichere Bauteilkonstruktion ermöglichen.
Langfristige Veränderung der UV-Strahlung und Auswirkungen auf die individuelle Strahlungsexposition von Menschen in Deutschland/Long-term changes in UV radiation and effects on individual radiation exposure of people in Germany
Authors: Laschewski Gudrun , Matzarakis Andreas
Published: August 2024

Die UV-Bestrahlungsstärke und der UV-Index weisen in Deutschland eine ausgeprägte räumliche und zeitliche Variabilität auf. Es lassen sich langfristige Veränderungen der Häufigkeit des Auftretens der Expositionsklassen des UV-Index nach der Weltgesundheitsorganisation WHO [1] feststellen, die sich jedoch in Richtung, Ausmaß und regionaler Ausprägung unterscheiden. Modelle zur individuellen UV-Jahresbestrahlung spiegeln für exemplarische Szenarien die Diversität der gesundheitsrelevanten, individuellen Strahlungsexpositionen auf Bevölkerungsebene wider. Bezüglich des Medians zeigt sich überwiegend eine geringe Zunahme der individuellen mittleren jährlichen UV-Gesamtstrahlungsdosis im Zeitraum 2009 bis 2019 gegenüber dem Vergleichszeitraum 1983 bis 2019. Die Berufsexposition bildet den größten Anteil der individuellen Jahresgesamtbestrahlung für Menschen mit Beschäftigung im Freien, während dies für Beschäftigte in Innenräumen die Urlaubsexposition ist. Dennoch verdeutlichen kleine Änderungen des exemplarischen Urlaubsverhaltens für beide Fälle der Berufsexposition das Potenzial, den für Deutschland festgestellten langfristigen Trend über Jahre hinaus zu kompensieren. Mit Blick auf die Verhaltensprävention kann eine Adressierung der Urlaubsthematik eine wertvolle Ergänzung darstellen.
Formaldehydexpositionen in der Humanpathologie: Teil 1 – Bestandsaufnahme im Rahmen der Gemeinsamen Deutschen Arbeitsschutzstrategie und Planung eines Messprogramms/Formaldehyde exposure in human pathology: Part 1 – Inventory within the framework of the Joint German Occupational Safety and Health Strategy (GDA) and planning of a measurement program
Authors: Wegscheider Wolfgang , Thomas Benedikt , Römer Dirk , Gerding Johannes , Schlatter Saskia , Stockmann Reinhard
Published: August 2024

In Deutschland führen etwa 350 Institute für Humanpathologie diagnostische Untersuchungen an Gewebeproben durch, wobei Formaldehyd wegen seiner fixierenden und konservierenden Eigenschaften eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Es stellt aber auch ein gesundheitliches Risiko dar, da es krebserzeugend und möglicherweise keimzellmutagen ist. Untersuchungen aus den Jahren 2016 bis 2019 zeigten, dass die Grenzwerte für Formaldehyd in vielen Pathologien noch überschritten werden. Hauptursachen waren nicht ausreichend wirksame Absauganlagen und ungünstige Arbeitspraktiken. Diese Erkenntnisse wurden nun zum Anlass genommen, die Formaldehydexpositionen in der Humanpathologie erneut zu untersuchen und damit die flächendeckende Einführung geeigneter Schutzmaßnahmen zu unterstützen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden zunächst in einem gemeinsamen Projekt des Messtechnischen Dienstes der Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW) und des Instituts für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IFA) Prüfstandsmessungen durchgeführt, um geeignete Volumenströme für eine effektive Absaugung zu definieren. Betriebsbesichtigungen der BGW im Rahmen des Arbeitsprogramms der Gemeinsamen Deutschen Arbeitsschutzstrategie (GDA) „Sicherer Umgang mit krebserzeugenden Gefahrstoffen“ führten anschließend zur Identifikation von 30 aus insgesamt über 130 besichtigten Pathologien, deren Schutzmaßnahmenkonzept bereits heute die Einhaltung des Arbeitsplatz- grenzwertes von Formaldehyd wahrscheinlich macht. Ein Mitte 2024 gestartetes Messprogramm des Messsystems Gefährdungsermittlung der Unfallversicherungsträger (MGU), das auf den Erkenntnissen der oben genannten Projekte aufbaut, soll nun nachweisen, ob die Unterschreitung der Formaldehydgrenzwerte in diesen Betrieben sichergestellt werden kann. Die Ergebnisse sollen in Empfehlungen zur Gefährdungsbeurteilung (EGU) einfließen und gute Arbeitsschutzstandards in Pathologien beschreiben.
IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, AND WORK EXPERIENCE ON SUCCESS IN INDONESIA'S ONLINE AFFILIATE MARKETING
Authors:   Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan, Indonesia, Liana Tri Melda Mei , Walsh John C. ,   Director and Associate Dean, International College, Krirk University, Thailand
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out and explain the variables of entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial abilities and work experience affect the variables of increasing business success in the Online Marketing Affiliate through the moderating variable of business performance (business) in the Online Marketing Affiliate. In this study, the independent variables are related to the things that must be owned by an entrepreneur, through the independent variables, namely entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial abilities and work experience, while the dependent variable is increasing business success in Online Marketing Affiliate, and the moderating variable is business performance ( effort) in Online Marketing Affiliate. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative research method using path analysis. In this study the independent variable is related to things that must be owned by an entrepreneur, such as entrepreneurial knowledge variables, entrepreneurial abilities and work experience, the dependent variable is increasing business success in Online Marketing Affiliate, with moderating variable business performance (business) in Online Marketing Affiliate, Analyze data using AMOS 18, and the data taken is data on the number of entrepreneurs engaged in online marketing who are affiliated in the online marketing business (business) performance at Online Marketing Affiliate during 2019-2023 years. Partially, the variables of entrepreneurial knowledge and entrepreneurial ability have a significant effect on the variables of increasing the success of online marketing business businesses at Online Marketing Affiliate Indonesia and online marketing business performance variables at Online Marketing Affiliate Indonesia, while simultaneously the variables of entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial abilities, and work experience motivation are does not directly have a significant effect on the variable of increasing the success of online marketing business efforts at Online Marketing Affiliate Indonesia through the online marketing business performance variables at Online Marketing Affiliate Indonesia. Through the results of research that has been stated that to increase the success of the online marketing business in Indonesia, Online Marketing Affiliate Indonesia needs entrepreneurs who have more knowledge and skills regarding online marketing business and networks, as well as distribution channels.
ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE LEVEL OF PUBLIC SERVICE SATISFACTION IN MEDAN CITY
Authors:   HKBP Nommensen University, Indonesia, Siagian Nalom
Published: August 2024

Research Objectives The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the extent to which variables of people's income, employment status and social conditions influence increasing public service satisfaction through the quality of public services as an intervening variable . Originality The subjects of this research are the residents/community of Medan City, where the variables in this research are independent variables, namely people's income, employment status, and social conditions , the dependent variable, namely the variable increasing public service satisfaction and the intervening variable is the service quality variable public . The results of data analysis used SEM analysis using SMART PLS 4.0 software. Data collection techniques through questionnaire studies . Design/methodology/approach Method research using descriptive quantitative data analysis methods using the structural equation model (SEM) method, where the results of data processing using the SEM method are carried out using the PLS 4.0 application . Findings From the results of this research, the conclusions that exist are that partially the variables of people's income, employment status and social conditions have an influence on increasing satisfaction with public services and influence the quality of public services. Simultaneously, the variables of people's income, employment status and social conditions influence increasing public service satisfaction through the variable quality of public services as an intervening variable . Implementation : Increasing people's income, good employment status and social conditions which require the Medan City Government to implement the principle of maximum service will tend to have an impact on improving service quality and increasing satisfaction with the public services provided to the community.
Cosmovisión andina en la educación intercultural
Authors: Astorima Farfan Graciela Milagros , Gutiérrez Huamaní Oscar
Published: August 2024

La cosmovisión andina puede ser el pilar para la educación peruana, porque posee características totalmente diferentes a la concepción eurocentrista respecto a su forma de concebir al mundo, de ver a la naturaleza y relacionarse con el otro. Los principios de equilibrio y armonía se producen al interior de las acciones del hombre en el hábitat natural yespiritual. En la cosmovisión andina se guarda la armonía con el entorno, se tiene un pensamiento de reciprocidad, concordancia y complementariedad con una relación de respeto entre el ser humano y la naturaleza, el allin kawsay (vivir bien), el ayni (la ayuda mutua), etc., serían los principios básicos de una educación intercultural peruana. Una educación intercultural debe respetar la diversidad etno-cultrual; y a partir de ello dar la oportunidad de desarrollo a todos los habitantes
terapia del hidrogel para la regeneración del tejido periodontal
Authors: Falcon-Guerrero Britto Ebert , Falcón-Pasapera Guido Sebastián
Published: August 2024

La eliminación del hueso alveolar y el ligamento periodontal gracias a la enfermedad periodontal a menudo requiere un abordaje quirúrgico para remodelar la construcción biológica y las funciones del periodonto. El hidrogel, un material polimérico funcional, se ha transformado en una tecnología prometedora para terapias de enfermedades periodontales. Tiene la pluralidad de imitar la matriz extracelular y proporcionar sitios de unión adecuados y entornos de crecimiento para las células periodontales, con alta biocompatibilidad, retención de agua y liberación lenta. Se ha hecho una revisión de los últimos 5 años en lo que va de la literatura, donde hemos resumido los principales componentes del hidrogel en la regeneración del tejido periodontal.
Gangrena de Fournier y miocardiopatía séptica a propósito de un caso clínico: un diagnóstico infravalorado
Authors: Ortega Martinez Rommer Alex , Illescas Gonzales Pachakutek , Ibañez Velasco Bismarck Raúl
Published: August 2024

La gangrena de Fournier, descrita por primera vez en 1883, es una infección necrotizante que se presenta a nivel perineal y abdominal. Se desarrolla en pacientes con factores de riesgo como la diabetes mellitus, obesidad, alcoholismo, hipertensión arterial, aterosclerosis e inmunosupresión. Su etiología es una sinergia polimicrobiana de gérmenes grampositivos, gramnegarivos y otros, los cuales necesitan la presencia de una lesión inicial a nivel de la región genital o  perineal y son responsables de la destrucción tisular, endarteritis y micro trombosis. A nivel sistémico generan fallo multiorgánico, como la disfunción miocárdica inducida por la sepsis o la miocardiopatía séptica, que fue descrita por primera vez en 1984 y puede manifestarse como disfunción sistólica o diastólica de ambos ventrículos, presenciade arritmias cardíacas, precedidas de la prolongación de intervalo QT y troponinas cardíacas elevadas. Similar presentación a la de nuestro paciente de 71 años de edad que presentó una evolución favorable.
Actualización en cuanto a clasificación inmuno patologica de la enfermedad glomerular y su complejo manejo
Authors: Navarro Peñaranda Carlos Javier , Sanabria Villamizar Tanner Schneider , Suárez Bustos Rafael de Jesús , Romero Álvarez Camilo José , Valero Ordóñez Daniela , Maldonado Mantilla Edgar Leonardo , Colmenares Carrero Karen Paola , Barón Martínez José Miguel
Published: August 2024

En esta breve revisión, el lector encontrará una actualización oportuna sobre algunas de las enfermedades glomerulares más comunes. La revisión incluirá una actualización sobre la etiología con un enfoque en nuevos descubrimientos genéticos y moleculares. Se dilucidarán nuevas clasificaciones y se actualizará la gestión a grandes rasgos. Se utilizarán diapositivas de patología ilustrativas según corresponda. Es fundamental que el lector se dé cuenta desde el principio de que terminología como glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria y glomerulonefritis semilunar representa un patrón de lesión más que una enfermedad específica. Siempre que sea posible, se debe buscar la etiología y la patogenia específicas de un patrón dado. También es importante saber que una misma enfermedad o mecanismo puede causar múltiples patrones de lesión,
Estilos de Liderazgo y Competitividad Internacional de Empresas Duranguenses
Authors: Sifuentes García Griselda Magdalena , Montoya García Tania
Published: August 2024

Según el INEGI 2020, dirigentes de PyME’s mencionan no conocer lo que se requiere para entrar en las cadenas internacionales, no creerlo necesario o importante; sin embargo, la globalización ha eliminado fronteras y ha generado que las empresas comiencen a especializarse por la competencia local, regional y global; es por ello que se parte del objetivo de argumentar los estilos de liderazgo y la competitividad internacional de las empresas exportadoras de la Ciudad de Durango, determinando el estilo de liderazgo de las empresas exportadoras y medir su competitividad internacional. Es una investigación cuantitativa, con alcance descriptivo y con un muestreo no probabilístico; Los resultados apuntan a que en las empresas exportadoras Duranguenses predomina un estilo de Liderazgo Transformacional, seguido de Liderazgo transaccional, sin embargo, en algunas medias se deja ver el liderazgo pasivo- evasivo. Están escasos elementos de Green Management y Calidad, por lo que, la primera hipótesis se acepta, ya que el estilo de liderazgo transformacional es influyente en las empresas exportadoras de la Ciudad; la segunda hipótesis se rechaza, ya que se necesitan todos los elementos del modelo competitivo no sólo la Calidad, la Investigación y desarrollo, Marketing internacional y Capital Humano.
COMPETIÇÃO DAS PRINCIPAIS CULTIVARES DE CAFÉ PLANTADAS NAS CONDIÇÕES DE CERRADO MINEIRO: COMPETIÇÃO DAS CULTIVARES DE CAFÉ NO CERRADO MINEIRO
Authors: Pereira Eduardo Henrique Soares , Herrera Jorge Iván Jaramillo , Alves Régis Ricco , Menezes Marcos Antônio Pimenta , Fernandes Flávio Lemes
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Quantificar a produtividade de variedades provindas da EPAMIG, do IAC e da Fundação Procafé na região do Cerrado Mineiro. Métodos: O experimento foi composto por 20 tratamentos (cultivares) e três repetições, em parcelas de 50 plantas, sendo avaliadas somente as 3 plantas mais homogêneas. A amostra de 3 L foi acondicionada em redes plásticas e postas para secar em terreiro de café, durante 4 dias, até atingirem 11% de umidade. Em seguida, as amostras foram beneficiadas com o descascador de amostras Pinhalense, modelo DRC-2, pesando-se a quantidade de café remanescente. De posse dos dados, calculou-se a produtividade do café. Resultados: As produtividades foram influenciadas pelas cultivares de café utilizadas e pelos anos de colheita. As médias das produtividades, considerando os seis anos, foram influenciadas pelas cultivares utilizadas. Conclusão: Pode-se verificar que, nas 20 progênies em competição, destacam-se com a maior produtividade as linhagens Arara, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144, Sarchimor UFV 4480, Mundo Novo x Hibrido Timor H-484-2-18 e IAC 125 RN.
Métodos de acionamento e controle aplicados à máquina de relutância chaveada: técnica de rastreamento associado ao controle de tensão otimizado
Authors: Morais Lucas Diniz da Silva , Araújo Wanderson Rainer Hilário de , Reis Márcio Rodrigues da Cunha , Calixto Wesley Pacheco
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de modelo que represente o sistema de geração eólica utilizando gerador de relutância chaveado e emprega técnicas de otimização para elevar o rendimento do sistema maximizando a potência gerada. A modelagem da turbina eólica, acoplamento e gerador de relutância chaveado é implementada computacionalmente usando modelo analítico. Para avaliar o uso do gerador de relutância chaveado no sistema de geração eólica são realizadas simulações com dados reais de velocidade do vento. O rendimento do gerador de relutância chaveado é potencializado empregando técnica de rastreamento atuando no ângulo de desligamento das chaves do conversor de potência. Espera-se obter através das técnicas de otimização aplicadas, a elevação do rendimento do gerador de relutância chaveado operando como gerador eólico.
Vinte anos de compras da agricultura familiar : um marco para as políticas públicas de desenvolvimento rural e segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil
Authors: Sambuichi Regina Helena Rosa , Silva Sandro Pereira
Published: August 2024

Este livro tem por objetivo reunir diversas publicações recentes e produzidas pelo Ipea – contando ainda com a colaboração de pesquisadores de outras instituições – acerca do tema da agricultura familiar e das compras públicas de alimentos.
Apresentação : Vinte anos de compras da agricultura familiar : um marco para as políticas públicas de desenvolvimento rural e segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil
Authors: Servo Luciana Mendes Santos
Published: August 2024

As compras governamentais de alimentos da agricultura familiar são vistas como uma estratégia importante para o desenvolvimento rural e a segurança alimentar no Brasil. Desde a criação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) em 2003, que apoiou a agricultura familiar, surgiram iniciativas como a exigência de 30% de compras da agricultura familiar no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) e a implementação de PAAs estaduais. Este ano marca o vigésimo aniversário do PAA e, para comemorar, o Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea) lançou um livro com uma coletânea de textos sobre agricultura familiar e compras públicas de alimentos. A publicação, resultado de um esforço conjunto das diretorias de Estudos e Políticas Regionais, Urbanas e Ambientais e de Estudos e Políticas Sociais do Ipea, visa oferecer uma visão geral dos principais estudos recentes sobre o tema, contribuindo para o debate e aprimoramento das políticas públicas.
Agenda 2030 : objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável : avaliação do progresso das principais metas globais para o Brasil : ODS 14 : conservação e uso sustentável dos oceanos, dos mares e dos recursos marinhos para o desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)
Published: August 2024

O ODS 14 – Vida na Água – tem como foco “conservar e usar de forma sustentável os oceanos, mares e os recursos marinhos para o desenvolvimento sustentável”. Este se consubstancia em dez metas que, por sua vez, focam na conservação das águas e da biodiversidade marinha, e na manutenção sustentável das atividades econômicas e das comunidades costeiras.
Agenda 2030 : objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável : avaliação do progresso das principais metas globais para o Brasil : ODS 4 : assegurar a educação inclusiva e equitativa e de qualidade, e promover oportunidades de aprendizagem ao longo da vida para todas e todos
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)
Published: August 2024

Quando os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) foram aprovados em 2015, o ODS 4, que visa assegurar educação inclusiva e equitativa de qualidade e promover oportunidades de aprendizagem ao longo da vida para todos, foi bem recebido no Brasil. Este objetivo está alinhado com o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) 2014-2024, um plano com responsabilidades compartilhadas entre União, estados e municípios. O PNE, sendo decenal, abrange diferentes gestões de governo para evitar a descontinuidade das políticas públicas. Se as metas do PNE em atendimento, desempenho, gestão e formação de professores forem cumpridas até 2024, grande parte das metas do ODS 4 também será alcançada.
Agenda 2030 : objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável : avaliação do progresso das principais metas globais para o Brasil : ODS 9 : construir infraestruturas resilientes, promover a industrialização inclusiva e sustentável, e fomentar a inovação
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea)
Published: August 2024

O Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) 9 tem como intuito Construir infraestrutura resiliente, promover a industrialização inclusiva e sustentável, e fomentar a inovação. Esse objetivo é fundamental para o país, pois é a partir dele que será possível garantir a adequação dos equipamentos e serviços de infraestrutura e da estrutura produtiva às mudanças climáticas. A preocupação com um processo inclusivo e sustentável poderá garantir adequação abrangente e pervasiva para todas as atividades econômicas, todas as regiões do país e toda a sociedade. A preocupação com a inovação não apenas poderá assegurar o desenvolvimento e a incorporação de tecnologias que permitam essa adequação, mas também poderá significar maior produtividade e empregos de melhor qualidade.
Solving Real-Time Information Updates and Mitigating Bias in Generative AI Models
Authors: M Rao Nirmeet
Published: August 2024

Generative AI models have revolutionized various industries by enabling the creation of high- quality synthetic data, text, images, and more. However, these models face significant challenges in two critical areas: the inability to update information in real-time and inherent biases resulting from training data. The lack of real-time updates limits the applicability of generative AI in dynamic environments where information rapidly changes. Biases in generative AI models can lead to skewed outputs that reinforce existing prejudices, posing ethical and practical concerns. This research addresses these challenges by proposing a novel framework that integrates a built- in research engine and a verifier into generative AI models. The research engine dynamically retrieves and incorporates up-to-date information during the generation process, ensuring that outputs reflect the most current data available. The verifier cross-checks the retrieved information against trusted sources, enhancing the reliability and accuracy of the generated content. To mitigate bias, we introduce a comprehensive bias detection and correction strategy. This approach involves identifying biases in training data using advanced metrics and algorithms and applying corrective techniques to produce more balanced and fair outputs. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in both real-time relevance and bias mitigation. Our proposed solutions outperform traditional generative models in maintaining the currency and impartiality of generated content. These advancements have profound implications for the deployment of generative AI in various sectors, including news generation, personalized content creation, and decision support systems. This study highlights the importance of real-time adaptability and fairness in AI, offering a robust framework that can be further refined and expanded to meet the evolving needs of AI applications.
The Prevalence of Double-Burden Malnutrition among Registered Nurses in Iligan City
Authors: Rodney Mar Jimenez, , Hope A. Cariño, , Razzil Kate K. Mulleon, , Abordo Ian C. , P. Nebres Ma Almira , M. Salvador Raymond
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim: The Philippines suffers from double-burden malnutrition, and nurses are no exception. This study aimed to investigate the association between the BMI, eating habits, and physical activity among registered nurses in Iligan City, Philippines.  Design: The researchers utilized a correlational research design to explore the connections between double burden malnutrition, BMI, physical activity, and eating habits among 81 registered nurses in selected hospitals in Iligan City.  Results: Most participants experienced high blood pressure (93.8%), and a minority had diabetes (9.9%). Dietary habits showed median intakes of 2.70 for go- foods (1-3 per month), 3.65 for grow foods (1 per week), and 2.47 for glow foods (1-3 per month). The majority engaged in physical activity for less than thirty minutes daily (96.3%). There was a significant BMI difference between low and moderate activity levels (p = 0.003), indicating an important association with physical activity patterns. However, BMI scores did not significantly correlate with eating habits.  Conclusion: No associations were found between the nurses’ BMI and eating habits, but a strong association were found between BMI and physical activity, underscoring the double burden of malnutrition. Future research with larger samples is needed to clarify these relationships. The study also highlights the growing public health concern of overweight/obesity among registered nurses, indicating that their BMI and physical activity patterns may contribute to the double-burden malnutrition.
Leveraging IoT, AI, and ML for Enhanced Decision-Making in Karnataka’s Smart Citie
Authors: S Samrat , Manjunath S. J.
Published: August 2024

The rapid urbanization in Karnataka, characterized by increasing population and infrastructure demands, necessitates innovative solutions to ensure sustainable and efficient urban management. Leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) offers significant potential to enhance the decision-making capabilities of policy makers in Karnataka’s smart cities. This research paper investigates the effectiveness of these technologies in improving urban governance, focusing on real-time data acquisition, predictive analytics, and informed policy decisions. AI and ML are crucial in the analysis and interpretation of the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices. AI algorithms process this data to identify patterns, anomalies, and trends, while ML models predict future scenarios based on historical data. For instance, predictive analytics can forecast traffic congestion, energy demand, and potential public health crises, allowing policy makers to deploy preemptive measures. In smart city initiatives, AI-driven insights ensure that resources are allocated efficiently, urban planning is optimized, and public services are enhanced. In conclusion, the integration of IoT, AI, and ML holds transformative potential for enhancing decision-making processes in Karnataka’s smart cities. By providing real-time data, predictive insights, and efficient resource management tools, these technologies enable policy makers to address urban challenges proactively and sustainably.
Diagnosis of Pneumonia from Chest X-Ray Images using Transfer Learning and Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Yaraghi Shekofeh , Khosravi Farhad
Published: August 2024

Pneumonia is a life threatening disease, which occurs in the lungs caused by either bacterial or viral infection. A person suffering from pneumonia has some symptoms including cough, fever and chills, dyspnea, and low energy and appetite. The symptoms will worsen and it can be life endangering if not acted upon in the right time. Pneumonia can be diagnosed using various methods and devices, such as blood tests, sputum culture , and various types of imaging, but the most common diagnostic method is chest X-ray imaging. According to the progress achieved in the diagnosis of pneumonia, there are some problems such as the low accuracy of the diagnosis. Hence the purpose of this article is to diagnose pneumonia from chest x-ray images using transfer learning and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with high accuracy in two groups of normal and Pneumonia and then diagnose the type of disease in three groups: normal, viral pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia. The dataset of the article contains 5856 chest X-ray images, including normal images, viral pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia. Adversarial generator network was used in order to increase the data volume and accuracy of diagnosis. Two different pre-trained deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) including DenseNet121 and MobileNet, were used for deep transfer learning. The result obtained in dividing into two classes, normal and pneumonia, using DenseNet121 and MobileNet, reached an accuracy of 0.99, which is improved compared to the previous method. Therefore, the results of proposed study can be useful in faster diagnosing pneumonia by the radiologist and can help in the fast screening of the pneumonia patients.
The selection of hospital sites and adaptive medical resource planning in the post-COVID era: navigating public health crises in China?
Authors: Wang Xinkai , Dockerill Bertie , Li Xue , Huang Jingxian , Li Jiayi , Chen Junlong
Published: August 2024

Urban management and planning during public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, are critical. This article examines hospital site selection in Yinzhou, Ningbo, China, using geographical data analysis. It evaluates travel costs and referral patterns between hospitals and community health facilities to establish a sustainable hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. The results reveal that existing medical facilities, particularly in rural areas, are inadequate during public health emergencies. The article proposes considering total transportation costs in allocating the sites of new hospitals and suggests adopting a ‘permanent + temporary’ facility planning approach to ease financial burdens. Addressing these issues can mitigate the inequitable distribution of urban and rural medical resources.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
.
Proper Motions and Orbits of Distant Local Group Dwarf Galaxies from a Combination of Gaia and Hubble Data
Authors: Bennet Paul , Patel Ekta , Sohn Sangmo Tony , del Pino Molina Andrés , van der Marel Roeland P. , Libralato Mattia , Watkins Laura L. , Aparicio Antonio , Besla Gurtina , Gallart Carme , Fardal Mark A. , Monelli Matteo , Sacchi Elena , Tollerud Erik , Weisz Daniel R.
Published: August 2024

We have determined the proper motions (PMs) of 12 dwarf galaxies in the Local Group (LG), ranging from the outer Milky Way (MW) halo to the edge of the LG. We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) as the first and Gaia as the second epoch using the GaiaHub software. For Leo A and Sag DIG, we also used multi-epoch HST measurements relative to background galaxies. Orbital histories derived using these PMs show that two-thirds of the galaxies in our sample are on first infall with >90% certainty. The observed star formation histories of these first-infall dwarfs are generally consistent with infalling dwarfs in simulations. The remaining four galaxies have crossed the virial radius of either the MW or M31. When we compare their star formation (SF) and orbital histories we find tentative agreement between the inferred pattern of SF with the timing of dynamical events in the orbital histories. For Leo I, SF activity rises as the dwarf crosses the MW’s virial radius, culminating in a burst of SF shortly before pericenter (≈1.7 Gyr ago). The SF then declines after pericenter, but with some smaller bursts before its recent quenching (≈0.3 Gyr ago). This shows that even small dwarfs like Leo I can hold onto gas reservoirs and avoid quenching for several gigayears after falling into their host, which is longer than generally found in simulations. Leo II, NGC 6822, and IC 10 are also qualitatively consistent with this SF pattern in relation to their orbit, but more tentatively due to larger uncertainties.