bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KOZI KÖRPEŞ BAYAN SULU DESTAN ÜZERİNE BİR TAHLİL DENEMESİ
Authors: NAUANOVA Gulzana
Published: September 2020

İnsanoğlunun geçmişinden izler sunan destanlar, halk edebiyatı unsurları içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Halk edebiyatı unsurları bir milletin önemli değerlerindendir ve bu destanların önemi büyüktür. Destan, bir milletin kültürünün yeniden yaratıcısı olduğu için milli bir kod özelliğine sahiptir. Bir milletin geçmiş yaşamından izler sunan destanlar, tarihsel bir değerin yanında ait olduğu milletin öz kimliğini de tanınır hale getirmektedir. Destanlar tüm bu önemli değerlerin yanında o milletin gelecek kuşağının şekillendiricisidir. Gelecek kuşaklara geçmiş birikimlerinin aktarılması, çoğu zamanlarda öğüt anlamıda taşıması açısından destanlardan yararlanılmaktadır. Kökünü yani tarihini halk edebiyatı unsurları sayesinde bilen, tanıyan ve ona göre hareket eden kuşak, ait olduğu milletin / toplumun unutulmamasını da sağlamış olacaktır. Genellikle dastanlar, kahramanca efsaneler, efsaneler ve masal hikayelerinin folklorik veya edebi bir işlemidir. Çoğunlukla, destanların bir yazarı yoktur (eski destanların toplayıcıları, yazılanların yazarları tarafından fark edilmemiştir).
Kazak destanı olan Kozı Körpeş ile Bayan Sulu destanı Türklerin eski yaşantılarından, gelenek-görenek, örf-adet ve mitlerinden izler taşımaktadır. Kazak Türklerinin Kozı Körpeş Bayan Sulu destanı çok eski zamanlardan gelmekte olan aşk destanı ve aynı zamanda Kazak Türkler arasında çok yaygın olan destan türüdür. Bir aşk hikayesi olan bu destan mücadeleci bir uğraşım sonunda aşıkların kavuşmasıyla son bulur. Mücadelenin gücü o şeye inanılan ve verilen değerle ölçülür. Bu çalışmada Kozı Körpeş ile Bayan Sulu destanının tahlili yapılacaktır.
Kronik Hepatit B Virüs enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda Hepatit A Virüs seroprevalansı
Authors: ÖNER Sedef Zeliha , TÜRKOĞLU Emine
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Kronik Hepatit B tanısı ile takipli hastaların Hepatit A seroprevalansının retrospektif olarak araştırılması ve duyarlı kişilerin aşılanması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kasım 2018–Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz enfeksiyon hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran kronik hepatit B tanılı hastaların HAV Ab-IgG sonuçları değerlendirildi. HAVAb-IgG tetkiki, ARCHITECT i2000SR analizatöründe ARCHITECT® HAVAb-IgG test kiti ile Kemilüminesan Mikropartikül İmmünoassay (CMIA) yöntemi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analiz Statistical Package for Social Scienses (SPSS) 21 (Inc. Chicago, Illinois, ABD) istatistik paket programıyla analiz edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Kronik hepatit B tanısıyla izlenen 138 hasta değerlendirildi. Hastaların 27’sinde HAV Ab-IgG tetkiki yapılmamıştı. Çalışmaya 111 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların 64’ü (%57,7) kadın, 47’si (%42,3) erkekti. Hastalar 15-84 yaş aralığına sahipti. Yaş ortalaması 48,01±11,86 yıl olarak tespit edildi. Anti-HAV IgG 105 (%94,6) hastada pozitif, 6 (%5,4) hastada negatifti. Anti-HAV IgG pozitif hastaların yaş ortalaması 49,25±11,31 tespit edildi. Anti-HAV IgG negatif olan hastaların 2’si (%33,3) kadın, 4’ü (%66,7) erkekti. Hastalar 15-36 yaş aralığına sahipti. Yaş ortalaması 26,16±5,16 yıl olarak tespit edildi.

Sonuç: Kronik hepatit B virüs enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda hepatit A virüs seroprevalansı %94,6 olarak bulundu. HBV enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda HAV Ab-IgG tetkiki yapılmalı ve Anti-HAV IgG negatif olan hastalar aşılama programına alınmalıdır.
YENİDOĞAN YOĞUNBAKIM ÜNİTESİNDE GELİŞİMSEL BAKIM
Authors: KAYNAK Serap , BAL YILMAZ Hatice , BAŞBAKKAL Zümrüt , YARDIMCI Figen
Published: September 2020

Gelişimsel bakım, dünyanın birçok yerinde yenidoğan yoğunbakım ünitelerinde yüksek riskle doğan yenidoğanların bakımında uygulanmaktadır. Herkes tarafından kabul edilmesine rağmen, uygulamada farklılıklar görülmektedir. Uluslararası gelişimsel bakım modeli ilk olarak Als tarafından ortaya atılmıştır. Gelişimsel bakım uygulamaları, standart prensipler doğrultusunda yenidoğan bakımında uygulanmalıdır. Yenidoğanın ne gelişmekte olan beyin yapısı ne de etkilendiği çevre bakım esnasında yok sayılamaz, birbirleri ile ilişki içerisindedir. Yenidoğanın etkileşim halinde olduğu çevre, nörolojik sisteminin gelişimini olumlu veya olumsuz etkileyebilir. Gelişimsel bakım ilkeleri kullanılarak çevre yenidoğanlar için olumlu hale getirilebilir. Son teknolojik yapıların kullanıldığı yenidoğan yoğunbakım ünitelerinde bebeğin bakımı esnasında, nörolojik gelişiminin etkilenmesi en aza indirilebilir. Gelişimsel bakımın bileşenleri, şimdi ve gelecekte hemşirelere yenidoğana daha iyi bakım sunabilmeleri için; pratik, eğitim ve araştırma imkanı sunmaktadır.
Agent Based Modelling and Simulation of Pedestrian Crowds in Panic Situations
Authors: Alrashed Mohammed , Shamma Jeff
Published: September 2020

The increasing occurrence of panic stampedes during mass events has motivated studying the impact of panic on crowd dynamics. Understanding the collective behaviors of panic stampedes is essential to reducing the risk of deadly crowd disasters. In this work, we use an agent-based formulation to model the collective human behavior in such crowd dynamics. We investigate the impact of panic behavior on crowd dynamics, as a specific form of collective behavior, by introducing a contagious panic parameter. The proposed model describes the intensity and spread of panic through the crowd. The corresponding panic parameter impacts each individual to represent a different variety of behaviors that can be associated with panic situations such as escaping danger, clustering, and pushing. Simulation results show contagious panic and pushing behavior, resulting in a more realistic crowd dynamics model.
Network-Based Continuous Space Representation for Describing Pedestrian Movement in High Resolution
Authors: Nakanishi Wataru , Fuse Takashi
Published: September 2020

A concept of network-based continuous space representation is proposed and applied to the sequential map matching problem with simulation data assuming pedestrian movement. The concept allows for dealing with situations that the resolution of network representation is not high enough to describe the pedestrian movement considering the observation accuracy. The experiment showed that the proposed concept worked well in the example of pedestrian movement along with the sidewalk by estimation of accurate positions.
Experimental study on mixed traffic flow of bicycles and pedestrians
Authors: Guo Ning , Jiang Rui , Wong SC , Hao Qing-Yi , Xue Shu-Qi , Xiao Yao , Wu Chao-Yun
Published: September 2020

The mixed flow of bicycles and pedestrians is frequently observed on bicycle-pedestrian-shared roads. Unfortunately, studies on dynamics of this kind of mixed flow are very limited. This paper reports an experimental study of this kind of mixed traffic flow with equal numbers of pedestrians and cyclists asked to walk/ride in a ring-shaped track. In the uni-/bi-directional flow scenarios, pedestrians and bicycles moved in the same/opposite direction. Under both scenarios, bicycles and pedestrians formed their own lanes. Pedestrians walked in the inner lane and cyclists rode in the outer lane. Widths of both the pedestrian lane and the bicycle lane were more uniform in bidirectional flow. The pedestrian flow rate is larger in the unidirectional flow scenario than in the bidirectional flow scenario. In contrast, at low densities, the bicycle flow rate is essentially the same under the two scenarios. When the density is large, the bicycle flow rate becomes larger in the unidirectional flow scenario. Comparing the two modes, pedestrian flow rate is smaller/larger than bicycle flow rate at small/large densities under both scenarios.
Human stampedes at mass gatherings: An overview
Authors: Vanumu Lakshmi Devi , Laxmikant Kumar , Rao K.Ramachandra
Published: September 2020

The main aim of this study is to present an overview of human stampedes and to identify the major triggering factors with respect to the type of events leading to number of fatalities and injuries. Considering major crowd incidents, the stampedes were categorized based on location, triggering factor, type of event and year of occurrence. This paper lists a total of 137 stampedes occurred all over the world between the years 1883 and 2017. The details include the name and type of event, location of the event, number of injuries and fatalities, probable reason for the stampede and type of reliable source. Stampedes are classified based on type of events as religious, sports, entertainment, festival, political and others. Among all types of events, religious gatherings cause 64% of total fatalities and 51% injuries. The triggering factors are identified as rumours, fire, structural failure, narrow passage, overcrowding and others. Out of all the triggering factors mentioned above, narrow passage causes about 27% fatalities followed by overcrowding and rumours with 23 and 21% respectively. The majority of injuries caused by overcrowding turn out to be 35%. It is also observed that the frequency of stampede occurrences increasing since 1980. This study can be considered as an initial step in giving an overview of human stampedes, which would help to prepare a framework based on the past experiences. Further, it can give better insights for large-scale crowd management and to minimize the loss of human lives in future.
Toward dynamical crowd control to prevent hazardous situations
Authors: Takahashi Tomoichi
Published: September 2020

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Naiv Helicobacter pylori pozitif ve negatif hastaların klinik, demografik ve endoskopik karakteristikleri: Retrospektif analiz
Authors: AYDIN Muhammet
Published: September 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: Helicobacter pylori geniş klinik ve endoskopik bir yelpaze ile karşımıza gelebilir. Çalışmamızda, Helicobacter pylori pozitif ve negatif hastalar arasındaki endoskopik ve patolojik farkları ortaya koymayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza Helicobacter pylori pozitifliği saptanan 85 hasta ve Helicobacter pylori negatif 70 hasta alındı. Hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Helicobacter pylori pozitif hastaların yaş ortalaması 40.6 idi. Yaş aralığı 18 ve 77 arasında değişiyordu. Değerlendimeye alınan hastaların 42’si kadın idi. 61 hastada epigastrik ağrı şikayeti ön planda olup 11 hastada proton pompası inhibitörü tedavisine dirençli epigastrik ağrı şikayeti ön planda idi. Helicobacter pylori pozitif hastaların endoskopik görüntüleri analiz edildiğinde en sık olarak; 31 hastada antral gastrit ve 15 hastada bulbus ülseri ön planda bulundu. 2 hastada komplet tip intestinal metaplazi, 3 hastada atrofik gastrit, 1 hastada erken dönem mide kanseri gözlendi. Helicobacter pylori negatif hastaların yaş ortalaması 43.7 olup 32 hasta kadındı. Bu hastalarda epigastrik ağrı şikayeti ön planda idi. Endoskopik değerlendirmede çoğunlukla antral gastrit ön planda iken, 5 hastada bulbusta ülser gözlendi, patolojik değerlendirmede 2 komplet metaplazi gözlenirken, atrofi ve kanser saptanmadı. Helicobacter pylori pozitif ve negatif hastalar arasında endoskopik ve patolojik bulgular arasında istatistiki fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: Endoskopik olarak prekanseröz yolakta yer alan, intestinal metaplazi, atrofik gastrit şüphelenilen hastalarda muhakkak Helicobacter pylori bakılmasını ve tedavi edilmesini öneriyoruz. Fakat prekanseröz olmayan durumlar için Helicobacter pylori negatif hastalarla, pozitif hastalar arasında istatistiki fark olmaması nedeniyle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde nasıl bir yol izlenmesi ile ilgili prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. , ,
Effects of Lactobacillus Buchneri Inoculation and Fresh Whey Addition on Alfalfa Silage Quality and Fermentation Properties
Authors: BESHARATI Maghsoud , PALANGI Valiollah , NEKOO Mojtaba , AYAŞAN Tugay
Published: September 2020

This study was aimed to determine the effects of different levels of fresh whey and Lactobacillus buchneri inoculation on the nutrient properties and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage. Experiment was conducted with 8 treatments and 3 replicates for 90 days. Treatments included wilted alfalfa (control), wilted alfalfa + bacterial inoculant (AB), wilted alfalfa +30 g whey/kg (AW1), wilted alfalfa + 30 g whey + bacterial inoculant (AW1B), wilted alfalfa + 60 g whey per kg (AW2), wilted alfalfa + 60 g whey per kg + bacterial inoculant (AW2B), wilted alfalfa + 90 g whey per kg (AW3) and wilted alfalfa + 90 g whey + bacterial inoculant (AW3B). Results showed that, the pH values of treatments were found less than 4.86 but the control pH was higher in comparison with other treatments (P
Serodiagnóstico de Paratuberculosis en bovinos del municipio de Sogamoso, Boyacá (Colombia)
Authors: Bulla-Castañeda Diana María , Díaz-Anaya Adriana  María  , Garcia-Corredor Diego José , Pulido-Medellín Martín Orlando
Published: September 2020

La Paratuberculosis Bovina (PTB) o Enfermedad de Johne, es una infección del tracto gastrointestinal causada por Mycobacterium avium, subespecie paratuberculosis (Map), que se caracteriza por generar enteritis granulomatosa crónica y linfadenitis en rumiantes. La preocupación más relevante en relación con la importancia de la PTB es su posible vínculo con la Enfermedad de Crohn (EC) en humanos, sin embargo, esta asociación aún está bajo investigación. Se determinó la seroprevalencia de PTB en el municipio de Sogamoso (Boyacá), donde se recolectaron 604 muestras de sangre, cuyo suero fue procesado mediante la técnica de ELISA indirecta con el kit comercial PARACHEK® 2 KIT (Prionics, Suiza). La seroprevalencia fue de 10,9% (66/604), donde el grupo etario de 2 a 3 años y la raza Jersey fueron los de mayor seroprevalencia. Se encontró asociación estadística significativa (p≤0,05) entre la edad de los individuos evaluados y el suministro de concentrado. La seroprevalencia encontrada indica que se está produciendo una transmisión activa de la enfermedad y que las medidas de control disponibles no están siendo llevadas a cabo o no son lo suficientemente efectivas.
Outcome of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus coinfection: A study in a tertiary care centre in semiurban India
Authors: Ponnathota Vindhya , Sujatha Gogineni
Published: September 2020

Tuberculosis has for a very long time been one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Diabetes mellitus is another disease which is growing into another major global challenge. Presence of diabetes increases the risk of tuberculosis by 2 to 3 times.

2 sputum samples were collected from all the 202 patients for Zeihl Neelson’s staining to screen the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus. Venous blood was taken for blood glycated hemoglobin and other biochemical and hematological tests.

Out of these 41.6% had diabetes and 58.4% were non diabetic. The chest X-rays were severe in 51.2% patients among the TB and DM comorbid patients and 33.9% among the non diabetic patients. Poor outcome was seen in 54.8% of the cases among the DM and TB patients which in only TB patients with no diabetes, the number of cured patients was far more.

There was a high incidence of diabetes among the patients with TB, which increases the morbidity and mortality among these patients. Smoking and alcoholism are preventable risk factors. So proper counselling and health education is necessary so that the patients would be able to monitor their blood sugar levels.
Saccharification of Orange Bagasse Pre-treated with Calcium Hydroxide using an enzymatic blendDiluted Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Pires-Nogueira Danielle , Ferreira-Rosa Paula Rubia , Seolatto Araceli Aparecida , Galeano-Suarez Carlos Alberto , Ferreira-Freitas Fernanda
Published: September 2020

Enzymatic and dilute acid processes were applied to study the orange bagasse hydrolysis. The moisture, ashes, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose contents, of the orange peels, were quantified. The xylanase and cellulase enzymes activities were quantified, as well as their optimum pH and temperatures. The pre dried orange peel biomass was pre-treated with calcium hydroxide, at preestablished conditions. The hydrolysis followed a central composite factorial 2³ design. The cellulase activity was 28.05x10-6 FPU (Filter Paper Units)/m3, the optimum pH was 4.8 and the temperature was 60°C. The results for xylanase were an activity of 199.58x10-3 U/Kg, pH 5.2, and temperature 50°C. The acid hydrolysis TRS (total reducing sugars) values varied from (9.328±0.68 mg)*10-3 TRS per Kg of biomass to (30.15±0.31)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass, the most significant factor was the temperature and the least the time. The enzymatic hydrolysis TRS values varied from (77.33±3.82)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass to (99.66±0.62)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass, the most significant factor was the concentration of cellulase and the least the xylanase concentration
An Analysis on Regulation on Optimizing the Business Environment: From the Perspective of Law
Authors: Li Sisi
Published: September 2020

Chinese State Council officially promulgated Regulation on Optimizing the Business Environment on October 23, 2019, which was formally implemented on since 2020, laying a solid foundation for the optimization of business environment in the direction of legalization. From the perspective of law, business environment ruled by law involves scientific legislation, standardized law enforcement, diversified legal remedy and judicial justice. Generally, business environment includes marketization, internationalization and legalization. And business environment ruled by will further promote its marketization and internationalization as a powerful guarantee.
Cherry Picking Disability Rights? Swedish Disability Policy on Employment, Health and Participatio
Authors: Nouf-Latif Faten , Andersson Katarina , Markström Urban
Published: September 2020

The aim of this article is to broaden the understanding of how Swedish disability policies are constructed to meet the objectives of the ratified UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) regarding active citizenship and full participation on an equal basis with others. The study examines two policy domains: health and employment. Recently issued legal documents are analyzed using the approach of directed content analysis and the theories of ‘social risk’ and ‘governance’. The results suggest that the policy area of employment implicitly and explicitly overshadows the policy area of health and related rights accounted for in the CRPD. A more nuanced perspective in disability policies concerning employment in relation to active citizenry and full participation is required, accompanied by social policy schemes that encompass the perspective of the CRPD as a whole in all support-to- work services, instead of the limited focus of finding full-time employment
Introduction to 2020-3
Authors: Buch Anders
Published: September 2020

This issue of Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies brings together four articles. The first article of this issue, Cherry Picking Disablility Rights? Swedish Disability Policy on Employment, Health and Participation, authored by Faten Nouf-Latif and colleagues, examines how Swedish disability policies are developed to meet UN Conventions on the Right of Persons with Disabilities. Focusing on a recent Swedish governmental disability policy document and legal documents, the authors ask how they describe individuals with disabilities in terms of citizens in the policy areas of health and employment?; how governmental responsibilities are formulated?; and how the policy management affects individuals’ opportunities to enjoy citizenry and participation? Using directed content analysis and theories of social risk and governance, the authors observe that the employment domain is given much more attention and focus at the cost of the policy area of health. Hard governance is predominant in relation to the employment domain, whereas governance in relation to the health domain is softer – employing abstract directives to stakeholder organizations and authorities (...)
Fatores que influenciam a estabilidade das nanopartículas de prata dispersas em própolis
Authors: Santos Mayara Santana dos , Backx Bianca Pizzorno
Published: September 2020

A própolis é um material resinoso de composição peculiar que estimula variados questionamentos desde as civilizações antigas. Essas indagações estão relacionadas às diferentes propriedades associadas à própolis, como as atividades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas, antivirais, antimutagênicas, anti-inflamatórias, cicatrizantes, dentre outras. Desta forma, essas propriedades presentes na própolis estão sendo empregadas em produtos bionanotecnológicos por conta, por exemplo, do seu alto teor de flavonoides e substâncias fenólicas que atuam em sinergia com as propriedades encontradas nas nanopartículas de prata. Neste artigo, diferentes fatores físico-químicos que podem influenciar a estabilidade das nanopartículas de prata dispersas na própolis serão discutidos. As caracterizações por espectrofotometria no ultravioleta e visível definem a estabilidade do nanossistema coloidal.
Research and Practice on the Construction of Professional Humanities Training System from the Perspective of School-enterprise Integration
Authors: Huang Jing
Published: September 2020

From the dimensions of the integration of campus culture and corporate culture, the curriculum system of professional humanities training, the system of professional humanistic education activities, the construction of professional humanities teachers, and the evaluation system of professional humanities, the professional humanistic training system under the school-enterprise integration perspective was explored. In order to better cultivate the socialist builders and successors with the comprehensive development of moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education, the vocational and humanistic training of higher vocational colleges is better. 
Analysis of the Motives and Restrictive Factors of Nanning Primary Schools Participating in Study Trips
Authors: Lan Yan
Published: September 2020

The in-depth transformation of quality education requires the diversified development of primary school curriculum teaching. The study travel course is a comprehensive practical course developed by the school. Based on the development and cultivation goals of primary school students, according to the personality development of primary school students, different content of study travel courses should be designed. It can be said that through the activities of study and travel courses, the initiative and creativity of students are greatly mobilized, which is conducive to helping primary school students to break through cognitive boundaries step by step and realize the goal of education to face the future and the world. It can be said that the current introduction of the study travel course teaching in the elementary education stage has rich motives, but it also faces constraints. Therefore, the following article mainly focuses on the elementary school teaching activities in Nanning city, and aims to provide a clear path for elementary school-based teaching activities.
Hacia un análisis cognitivo del cambio conductual: el comportamiento social pro activo
Authors: Moscoso Manolete S.
Published: September 2020

Este artículo presenta un análisis del Comportamiento Social Pro Activo utilizando como modelo la teoría del aprendizaje social. Se revisa el concepto de autoeficacia, originalmente propuesto por Bandura, y se hace referencia a variables de tipo cognitivo tales como los sistemas de valores y creencias. Se examinan las distinciones entre el temor al fracaso, al éxito, al rechazo, y su relación con el proceso de autosabotaje. Asimismo se discute la importancia de la transformación del significado y sus beneficios en la extinción del temor. Se presenta un modelo conceptual del control de los estados emocionales y sus implicancias en el proceso de la acción. Finalmente, se describen las premisas fundamentales del Condicionamiento Neurofisiológico Asociativo como un programa terapéutico que facilita el manejo de los estados emocionales de la persona.
Psicología y psicoterapia humanística
Authors: Amorós Víctor
Published: September 2020

El artículo trata sobre los orígenes del enfoque humanístico psicológico, sus características principales por ejemplo nuestra capacidad de elegir y modificar nuestra situación vital, el estar orientados hacia la realización de valores que nos otorgan identidad y nos permiten desarrollar un yo activo que pese a los influjos condicionantes, elabora su propia evolución. Se analiza el concepto de autorrealización y la manera cómo se lleva a cabo el proceso psicoterapéutico.
Desarrollo del juicio moral y de la complejidad cognitiva a través de un diseño instruccional
Authors: Frisancho Susana
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue probar la eficiencia de un programa educativo (PECC) para elevar el nivel de razonamiento moral y de complejidad cognitiva. La muestra estuvo constituida por 18 estudiantes de 4to de secundaria, de ambos sexos, de 15 y 16 años de edad. Los resultados indican que, aunque no se dieron avances estructurales en el nivel de razonamiento moral, hubo un incremento de la complejidad del razonamiento y en el número de elementos que los sujetos fueron capaces de identificar en los dilemas sociales.
Diferencias de género en el patrón de conducta tipo a en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: León Ramón , Sirlopú David
Published: September 2020

El Inventario de Autoreporte de Conducta Tipo A de Blurnenthal y cols., que consta de ítemes en forma de adjetivos, fue respondido por 1145 estudiantes universitarios de ambos géneros, cuyo promedio de edad era 20 años. Los resultados ofrecen una visión singular acerca de los estereotipos que las mujeres y los hombres se asignan a sí mismos. Entre los hombres, los adjetivos guardan mayor concordancia con los estereotipos masculinos, mientras que entre las mujeres si bien predominan adjetivos femeninos, también aparecen otros masculinos, en contraposición con lo habitual en una sociedad como la peruana. La explicación más plausible es que se ha trabajado con una muestra de clase media. Las mujeres conservan algunos estereotipos femeninos, pero también asumen estereotipos masculinos.
Didactopatogenia (Enfermedades generadas por la mala enseñanza)
Authors: Cukier José
Published: September 2020

Se plantea el desarrollo de enfermedades generadas por la mala enseñanza. Se cuestiona el papel que cumplen las instituciones educativas al avalar a educadores con personalidad narcisista que inducen a estas enfermedades. Se describen las características de estos educadores, sus principales defensas y las interacciones didactopatogénicas que se establecen entre el educador y el educando, generando transformación pasivo/activo, tabú del pensamiento, saber enciclopédico, recuerdos póstumos, trastornos de conducta, distracción, y agresividad marcada. Se discute, también, el concepto del educador y sus dobles.
The analysis of density of endothelium cells in medium-term period of observation after endothelium keratoplastry with formation of transplant using femtosecond laser from the side of endothelium
Authors: Pogorelova S. S , Chentsova E. V , Grdikanyan A. A , Milash S. V , Oganesyan Oganes G.
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of analysis of loss of density of endothelium cells after endothelium keratoplastry with formation of ultra-thin transplant using femtosecond laser from side of endothelium (UTinvFS-DSEK). The study sampling included 22 patients underwent UTinvFS-DSEK during 2012-2014 in the Helmholtz Moscow research institute of eye diseases. The average time-period of observation made up to 9.6 ± 4.3 months. The Fuchs dystrophy occurred in 31.8%, secondary dystrophy - in 45.4%, inconsistency of endothelium of kerato-transplant - in 22%. All patients were applied photo-registration, visiometry, auto-refractokeratometry, bio-microscopy, tonometry, kerato-analyzing, optical coherent tomography of front segment, confocal microscopy. During the first three years after transplantation, the average loss by endothelium cells made up to 60% of initial level. At that, average loss of density of endothelium cells made up to 1256 ± 450 cells per mm2. In time-periods of six months after surgery the average loss of density of endothelium cells made up to 64% of initial level. The loss of density of endothelium cells remained at the level of 64% after 12 months. In two patients under observation the average density of endothelium cells made up to 996±161 cells per mm 2 after 24 months. The analysis of dynamics of loss by endothelium cells after applied keratoplastry with formation of transplant using femtosecond laser from the side of endothelium demonstrated that received values of loss by cells in existing time-periods exceed, according publications' data, similar indicator after reach-through keratoplastry, standard endokeratoplastry and transplantation of Descemet's membrane with endothelium. The actual study has such certain limitations as average time-periods of observation, limited number of patients, minimal number of patients within time-period more than 24 months.
The diagnostic of viral intestinal infections in children
Authors: Kulieva Z. M , Rustamova Lala I. , Azizova N. A
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of diagnostic of viral intestinal infections in children of early age with emergency states. At that it is established that in etiological structure of acute intestinal infections viruses make up significant portion (68.5%) of all isolated agents.
The idle possibilities of laboratory diagnostic under treatment of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Popov Sergey A. , Sabgayda T. P , Mozhokina G. N
Published: September 2020

The article presents analysis of publications’ data related to problem of implementation of personified treatment of patients with tuberculosis. This kind of treatment is conditioned by fast development and propagation of drug resistance of M.tuberculosis and by complexity of selecting effective regimen of treatment of these patients. The technical possibilities are demonstrated suitable for implementation of such approach. The directions are determined concerning additional research in area of evaluation of impact effectiveness and pharmacokinetic parameters for large specter of anti-tuberculosis pharmaceuticals, agent drug resistance to them and genetic causation of development of negative side-reactions to chemotherapy.
The concept of risk factors in evaluation of «atypical» agents effecting formation of bronchial asthma in children with acute and recurrent obstructive bronchitis
Authors: Zhukova Olga V.
Published: September 2020

The study was carried out to establish relationship between occurrence of «atypical» infections in patients with acute obstructive and recurrent obstructive bronchitis and development of bronchial asthma based on concept of risks. Material and methods. As regards material for study the data of medical histories of patients hospitalized with acute obstructive and recurrent obstructive bronchitis and who were applied analysis for antibodies to «atypical» microflora (796 patients). The time-period of study made up four years from 2008 to 2011. During analyzed period immune enzyme analysis was implemented concerning antibodies to «atypical» microflora (Chlamydia pneumonia, Micoplasma pneumonia, Micoplasma hominis). The concept of risks’ identification was based on identification of ultimate risk in exposed and non-exposed groups, attributive risk, relative risk, population attributive risk. The standard errors and confidence interval for every type of risk were applied. Results. The methodical aspects of detection of relationship between occurrences of «atypical» infections in patients with acute and recurrent obstructive bronchitis and development of bronchial asthma were considered on the basis of concept of risks. The applied analysis demonstrated direct dependence of increasing of number of cases of development of bronchial asthma against the background of «atypical» infections. In the risk group the rate of occurrence makes up to 14,84%, in the control group - 1,67%, risk factor increases probability of development of bronchial asthma on 13,17%. The occurrence of “atypical” infection leads to increasing of cases of development of bronchial asthma up to 8.9 times. The index of potential harm made up to 7.59 i.e. if there are «atypical» infections in patients with acute and recurrent obstructive bronchitis every eighth exposed individual bronchial asthma is developed.
The advertising: technique of market promoting of pharmaceuticals or source of information about medicines?
Authors: Kudryashova A. I , Rostova Natal’ya B.
Published: September 2020

The advertising of medicines has an omnipresent prevalence and it is used by health practitioners as the most accessible source of information. Considering this fact, a study was carried out related to informational fullness of advertisements of pharmaceuticals in popular journals and for medical professionals. The analysis of obligatory sections of information was implemented considering requirements and ethical criteria of the WHO that is necessary for effective application of advertisements as a source of information about pharmaceuticals with the purpose of rational application of medicines.
The technical characteristics and immediate results of laparoscopy trans-peritoneal and total extra-peritoneal hernioplasty
Authors: Sazhin Aleksandr V. , Klimiashvili A. D , Kochiay E.
Published: September 2020

Over the time of recent years, in surgical treatment of inguinal hernia such revolutionary changes occurred as implementation of Lichtenstein's nonstrain prosthetic inguinal hernioplasty (1986) into surgical practice and application of laparoscopic hernioplasty (Arregui M.E., 1992; McKernan and Ferzli, 1993). The study was carried out to evaluate reliability and effectiveness of application of trans-peritoneal and total extra-peritoneal hernioplasty in case of inguinal hernia. During 2012-2015, in the municipal clinical hospital №4 and the Russian gerontological research clinical center (Moscow) 12 patients underwent 12 hernioplasties using technique of total extra-peritoneal hernioplasty and 65 patients underwent 73 hernioplasties using technique of trans-peritoneal hernioplasty (in 8 cases herniae were bilateral). The technical intra-operational characteristics of procedures were analyzed. The evaluation of intra-operational and post-operational complications during earlier post-operational period and in a year after operation was carried out. The single patient in the group of total extra-peritoneal hernioplasty inguinal hernia was relapsing after herniotomy with plasty with local tissues. All herniae were one-sided. The average duration of operation made up to 62.5 minutes. The conversion was never required. In the group of trans-peritoneal hernioplasty average duration of operation made up to 58.5 minutes. The conversion was never required too. The rate of intra-operational complications in both groups was low. The most of the patients in main group (total extra-peritoneal hernioplasty) were ready to be discharged from the hospital at second day after operation. The total rate of post-operative complications made up to 20.6%. Only in the group of trans-peritoneal hernioplasty single relapse was observed after three months after operation. According to results of study, the laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty is the most preferable and rational treatment of most of the types of inguinal herniae. The total extra-peritoneal hernioplasty is more preferable than trans-peritoneal hernioplasty because of number of reasons i.e. the post-operative pain is less expressed; operation is performed in retroperitoneal way; the risk of damaging of internal organs and development of peritoneal commissures is minimized.
The analysis of sensomotor disorders in late recovery and residual periods after ischemic stroke
Authors: Damulin Igor’ V. , Ekusheva E. V
Published: September 2020

The study was carried out to investigate clinical and neuro-physiological characteristics of sensomotor disorders in patients at different time periods after hemispheric ischemic stroke. The sampling of 133 patients with ischemic stroke in right hemisphere and left hemisphere were examined in late recovering and residual period (58 and 75 patients accordingly). The trans-cranial magnetic stimulation, abdominal reflexes and sensomotor induced potentials were implemented. It is demonstrated that in patients even in one year after stroke processes of functional rehabilitation of various degree of expression continue to be present. The constancy and degree of manifestation of sensomotor disorders and compensatory possibilities as well are determined by afferent component of post-stroke deficiency that supposes long-term effect for broadening possibilities of neuro-rehabilitation of patients after stroke.
The empiric antibacterial therapy of postpartum endometritis
Authors: Kurtser M. A , Kotomina Tat’yana S. , Podtetenev A. D
Published: September 2020

The purpose of study. To ameliorate results of treatment of postpartum endometritis if puerperals labored in Moscow as a result of prescription of effective empiric antibacterial therapy Material and methods. The sampling of 50 puerperals with endometritis as complication during postpartum period was examined. In all female patients, the inoculation of secretion of uterine cavity was taken and successive determination of sensitivity to antibacterial pharmaceuticals was applied using agar diffusion method. The results. In all inoculations in diagnostic significant titers (≥105 CFU/ml), in overwhelming majority of cases the associations of microorganisms were secured where leading positions occupied by Enterococcus faecalis and faecium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion. The Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid is pharmaceutical of choice in treatment of postpartum endometritis of average degree of severity. The combination of Levofloxacin and Metronidazole is an alternative scheme of treatment of postpartum endometritis of average degree of severity. Under severe endometritis with syndrome of systemic inflammatory reaction carbapenems are pharmaceuticals of choice.
Accommodative ability in patients with strabismic amblyopia at concomitant strabismus
Authors: Usenko Valentina A. , Berdibaeva Aizhamal I.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To study the state of the accommodative ability of amblyopia before and after treatment.
Materials and methods. One hundred patients (158 eyes) with friendly alternating and monolateral strabismus were examined. The control group consisted of 10 healthy individuals (20 eyes) with emmetropia: the average age of patients under 3 years of age was 2.4 0.15 years, from 3 years to 7 years, 4.8 0.07 years, and above 7 years, 8.3 0.4 years. The vast majority of patients (84 people, 126 eyes) had hyperopic astigmatism, and 16 patients (32 eyes) had a high degree of hyperopia. Twenty-eight patients (40 eyes), 48 patients (84 eyes), and 20 patients (26 eyes) had amblyopia of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degrees, respectively. Along with generally accepted methods for examining eyes, the OAA volume and ZAA were determined as the absolute accommodation margin by the proximetric method (AKA-0.1) before and after hardware treatment to relax and stimulate the ciliary muscle.
Results. The results after treatment revealed a 1.52-fold increase in OAA to 14.4 0.23 D; 13.5 0.10 D; 13.1 0.41 D; and ZAA and a significant 2-fold increase in visual acuity (P 0.001).
Conclusion. A criterion for the effectiveness of hardware treatment for dysbinocular amblyopia is an increase in OAA and ZAA, accompanied by a 2-fold increase in distance visual acuity (P 0.001).
Drug-induced headache in young people of reproductive age with tobacco addiction
Authors: Sadretdinova Lidiya D. , Derevyanko Khristina P.
Published: September 2020

Drug-induced headache (DIH) is one of the most common forms of chronic headache (CH). Management of patients with DIH remains a pressing problem of modern medicine. This condition is characterized by headache over 15 days a month for more than 3 months. On the basis of the BSMU Clinic, we assessed the health status of young people with DIH and nicotine addiction. Patients with nicotine addiction were evaluated for the degree of negative effect of smoking on respiratory function.
It was found that the majority of patients took monocomponent analgesics, and the minority of patients took combined analgesics and triptans; compared with young men, young women were less likely to seek medical advice if the episodes of headache became more frequent; however, uncontrolled use of painkillers was observed more often in males. In the absence of an analgesic effect 30 h after medication intake, young men repeated the medication in 60% of cases.
Educational programs about DIH and the development of CHs with associated nicotine addiction may play an important in preventing the development of the condition.
Morbidity, mortality, long-term outcomes and sequelae of the treatment of cancer patients in different countries of the world
Authors: Garin Avgust M. , Bazin I. S
Published: September 2020

Due to the gain in the average life expectancy in developed countries there is increased the incidence rate of malignant neoplasms. According to the forecast of the USA National Cancer Institute in the next 20 years every 2nd American man and every third American woman will get sick with cancer, and therefore oncology should be considered to be the main medical specialty. Molecular characterization of tumors will become routine, and it will provide an opportunity via screening to detect precancerous abnormalities and early forms of cancer. Surgery will become mostly organsaving modality, radical mutilating surgery will go down in history, traditional chemotherapy with low selectivity of action will send to the glue factory. In the arsenal there will stay well-aimed «targeted» drugs hitting right on target mechanisms of the uncontrolled growth of tumor cells and their dissemination.
Comparative assessment of the short-term outcomes of robotassisted and laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer
Authors: Kazantseva M. V , Murashko Roman. A. , Uvarov I. B , Kaushansky V. B
Published: September 2020

Aim of the study. a comparative assessment of perioperative parameters and short-term outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC). Material and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 101 patients with colorectal cancer underwent robotic (I group, n = 30) and laparoscopic (II group, n = 71) radical operations were analyzed. Results. Surgery duration in I group ranged from 140 to 420 minutes (on average 260,9 ± 80,1 min.), in II group - 120-465 minutes (on average - 243,3 ± 72,9 min.; P = 0,314). Blood loss in I group averaged on 100 ± 29,4 ml (50,0-150,0 ml) compared to 141,7 ± 76 ml in II group (the difference is statistically significant, P = 0,006). Conversion rate, complications, duration of the postoperative period did not have a statistically significant difference between the groups. The study of circular resection margins after robotic surgeries confirmed the radical intervention (R0-resection) in all cases. Differences in the number of lymph nodes (12-22) between the groups were not observed. Conclusion. Safety and efficacy of robotic colorectal surgery is comparable to laparoscopic surgery. Long-term results require further study.
Cancer incidence in the Krasnoyarsk Krai
Authors: Modestov Andrey A. , Safontsev I. P , Zukov R. A , Slepov E. V , Klimenok M. P , Gaas E. N
Published: September 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of the incidence of malignant tumors in the Krasnoyarsk Krai throughout 2005-2014. The greatest increase in incidence in the region during the study period - 58.5% was determined in women. There was established the gain in the incidence in the region by 39.5%, as well as there was revealed the advancement on leading localizations. On the basis of established trends there was made calculation for medium-term forecast of the morbidity rate in the region. By 2020, there is expected the gain in the incidence in the Krai by 1.5 times: breast cancer - by 17%, skin cancer - by 22%, lung cancer - by 21.6%, prostate cancer - by 19.6%; for gastric cancer incidence rate will decrease by 5.9%.
The relationship of osteoporosis with severity of pain dirung the treatment of breast cancer patients of childbearing age
Authors: Tretyakova Nataliya. Yu , Kotljarov E. V
Published: September 2020

Aim. The analysis of the relationship of osteoporosis with severity of pain and the improvement of the diagnosis of osteoporosis in breast cancer (BC) patients of the reproductive age. Methods. There were examined 60 women, including 30 BC patients at the age from 30 to 50 years and 30 women of similar age as comparison group. The examination included a blood test for osteocalcin, calcitonin, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, calcium and phosphorus. The degree ofpain in BC patients was evaluated according to the McGill Pain Questionnaire and classification of pain. Osteodensitometry was made in all BC patients and cases from the comparison group. These 30 BC patients were examined prior to the appointment of specific treatment and a half year after the performed treatment Results. In the analysis of 30 breast cancer patients of childbearing age in 26 patients the onset of artificial menopause occurred. Pain syndrome prior to the treatment of the underlying disease was determined in 20% of cases. 6 months after treatment of BC pain breast cancer was detected in 70% of patients. Artificial menopause is associated with the delivery of chemotherapy and shutdown of ovarian function. Hormone therapy with tamoxifen was prescribed to 16 BC patients, 5 of them were transferred to second-line hormone therapy due to side effects of antiestrogens. At that the menopause is the basic condition for the appointment of aromatase inhibitors. In the examination of the whole group ofpatients in 63,3% of cases were revealed to have osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion The prevalence rate of osteoporosis in BC patients of reproductive age is directly related to the performed specific treatment when the appointment of the therapy of osteoporosis it is necessary in complex treatment of cancer patients for the its prevention
Primary reconstructive plastic surgery in nodular form of III stage breast cancer
Authors: Khaylenko Denis V. , Egorov Yu. S , Portnoy S. M , Khaylenko V. A
Published: September 2020

In this study there was evaluated the possibility to perform one-stage reconstructive and plastic operations (RPO) in III stage breast cancer (BC) cases. There were analyzed two similar groups of patients, depending on the volume of the operations: in the 1st (main) group there were carried out RPO of different kinds of simultaneously with radical mastectomies (RME), in the 2nd (control) RMEs with preservation of pectoral muscles. There were analyzed overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS); the frequency ofpostoperative complications and aesthetic results of the treatment. 3-, 5- and 10-year OS and DFS in group statistically did not differed significantly (p > 0.05). The rate of postoperative complications was in the group of patients who undergone RPO by TRAM-flap accounted of 8.3%, in the RME group - 6.9% (p> 0.05). The aesthetic results of the treatment: satisfactory in RPO, unsatisfactory - in RME.