bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic KMTNet Planetary Anomaly Search. II. Six New q < 2 × 10−4 Mass-ratio Planets
Authors: Hwang Kyu-Ha , Zang Weicheng , Gould Andrew , Udalski Andrzej , Bond Ian A. , Yang Hongjing , Mao Shude ,   (Lead Authors), Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Han Cheongho , Kil Jung Youn , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. ,   (KMTNet Collaboration), Mróz Przemek , Poleski Radek , Skowron Jan , Szymański Michał K. , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin , Gromadzki Mariusz ,   (OGLE Collaboration), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Hirao Yuki , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Munford Brandon , Matsubara Yutaka , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki K. , Shoji Hikaru , Ishitani Silva Stela , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tristram Paul J. , Yonehara Atsunori ,   (The MOA Collaboration), Zhang Xiangyu , Zhu Wei , Penny Matthew T. , Fouqué Pascal ,   (The Tsinghua & CFHT Microlensing Group)
Published: January 2022

We apply the automated AnomalyFinder algorithm of Paper I to 2018–2019 light curves from the ≃13 deg2 covered by the six KMTNet prime fields, with cadences Γ ≥ 2 hr−1. We find a total of 11 planets with mass ratios q < 2 × 10−4, including 6 newly discovered planets, 1 planet that was reported in Paper I, and recovery of 4 previously discovered planets. One of the new planets, OGLE-2018-BLG-0977Lb, is in a planetary caustic event, while the other five (OGLE-2018-BLG-0506Lb, OGLE-2018-BLG-0516Lb, OGLE-2019-BLG-1492Lb, KMT-2019-BLG-0253, and KMT-2019-BLG-0953) are revealed by a “dip” in the light curve as the source crosses the host-planet axis on the opposite side of the planet. These subtle signals were missed in previous by-eye searches. The planet-host separations (scaled to the Einstein radius), s, and planet-host mass ratios, q, are, respectively, (s, q × 105) = (0.88, 4.1), (0.96 ± 0.10, 8.3), (0.94 ± 0.07, 13), (0.97 ± 0.07, 18), (0.97 ± 0.04, 4.1), and (0.74, 18), where the “ ± ” indicates a discrete degeneracy. The 11 planets are spread out over the range

−
5
<
log
q
<
−
3.7

. Together with the two planets previously reported with q ∼ 10−5 from the 2018–2019 nonprime KMT fields, this result suggests that planets toward the bottom of this mass-ratio range may be more common than previously believed.
Discovery of CWISE J052306.42−015355.4, an Extreme T Subdwarf Candidate
Authors: Brooks Hunter , Kirkpatrick J. Davy , Caselden Dan , Schneider Adam C. , Meisner Aaron M. , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Casewell S. L. , Kuchner Marc J. ,   The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration
Published: January 2022

We present the discovery of CWISE J052306.42−015355.4, which was found as a faint, significant proper-motion object (0.″52 ± 0.″08 yr−1) using machine-learning tools on the unWISE re-processing of time series images from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Using the CatWISE2020 W1 and W2 magnitudes along with a J-band detection from the VISTA Hemisphere Survey, the location of CWISE J052306.42−015355.4 on the W1 − W2 versus J − W2 diagram best matches that of other known, or suspected, extreme T subdwarfs. As there is currently very little knowledge concerning extreme T subdwarfs we estimate a rough distance of ≤68 pc, which results in a tangential velocity of ≤167 km s−1, both of which are tentative. A measured parallax is greatly needed to test these values. We also estimate a metallicity of −1.5 < [M/H] < −0.5 using theoretical predictions.
Accurate Photometry of Saturated Stars Using the Point-spread-function Wing Technique with Spitzer
Authors: Su Kate Y. L. , Rieke G. H. , Marengo M. , Schlawin Everett
Published: January 2022

We report Spitzer 3.6 and 4.5 μm photometry of 11 bright stars relative to Sirius, exploiting the unique optical stability of the Spitzer Space Telescope point-spread function (PSF). Spitzer's extremely stable beryllium optics in its isothermal environment enables precise comparisons in the wings of the PSF from heavily saturated stars. These bright stars stand as the primary sample to improve stellar models, and to transfer the absolute flux calibration of bright standard stars to a sample of fainter standards useful for missions like JWST and for large ground-based telescopes. We demonstrate that better than 1% relative photometry can be achieved using the PSF wing technique in the radial range of 20″–100″ for stars that are fainter than Sirius by 8 mag (from outside the saturated core to a large radius where a high signal-to-noise ratio profile can still be obtained). We test our results by (1) comparing the [3.6]−[4.5] color with that expected between the WISE W1 and W2 bands, (2) comparing with stars where there is accurate K
S photometry, and (3) also comparing with relative fluxes obtained with the DIRBE instrument on COBE. These tests confirm that relative photometry is achieved to better than 1%.
KK 242, A Faint Companion to the Isolated Scd Galaxy NGC 6503
Authors: Karachentsev Igor D. , Cannon John M. , Fuson Jackson , Inoue John L. , Tully R. Brent , Anand Gagandeep S. , Kaisin Serafim S.
Published: January 2022

Using Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the resolved stellar population of KK 242 = NGC 6503-d1 =PGC 4689184, we measure the distance to the galaxy to be 6.46 ± 0.32 Mpc and find that KK 242 is a satellite of the low-mass spiral galaxy NGC 6503 located on the edge of the Local Void. Observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array show signs of a very faint H i signal at the position of KK 242 within a velocity range of V
hel = −80 ± 10 km s−1. This velocity range is severely contaminated by H i emission from the Milky Way and from NGC 6503. The dwarf galaxy is classified as the transition type, dIrr/dSph, with a total H i mass of < 106
M
⊙ and a star formation rate SFR(Hα) = −4.82 dex (M
⊙ yr−1). Being at a projected separation of 31 kpc with a radial velocity difference of—105 km s−1 relative to NGC 6503, KK 242 gives an estimate of the halo mass of the spiral galaxy to be

log
(
M

/

M

⊙

) = 11.6. Besides NGC 6503, there are eight more detached low-luminosity spiral galaxies in the Local Volume: M33, NGC 2403, NGC 7793, NGC 1313, NGC 4236, NGC 5068, NGC 4656, and NGC 7640, from whose small satellites we have estimated the average total mass of the host galaxies and their average total mass-to-K-band-luminosity 〈M

T
/M
⊙〉 = (3.46 ± 0.84) × 1011 and (58 ± 19)M
⊙/L
⊙, respectively.
VLA Observations of the AE Aqr-type Cataclysmic Variable LAMOST J024048.51+195226.9
Authors: Barrett Paul E.
Published: January 2022

AE Aqr was until recently the only known magnetic cataclysmic variable (MCV) containing a rapidly spinning (33.08 s) white dwarf (WD). Its radio emission is believed to be a superposition of synchrotron-emitting plasmoids, because it has a positive spectral index spanning three orders of magnitude (≈2–2000 GHz) and is unpolarized. Both characteristics are unusual for MCVs. Recently, Thorstensen has suggested that the cataclysmic variable LAMOST J024048.51+195226.9 (henceforth, J0240+19) is a twin of AE Aqr based on its optical spectra. Optical photometry shows the star to be a high-inclination eclipsing binary with a spin period of 24.93 s, making it the fastest spinning WD. This paper presents three hours of Very Large Array radio observations of J0240+19. These observations show that the persistent radio emission from J0240+19 is dissimilar to that of AE Aqr in that it shows high circular polarization and a negative spectral index. The emission is most similar to that from the nova-like CV V603 Aql. We argue that the radio emission is caused by a superposition of plasmoids emitting plasma radiation or electron cyclotron maser emission from the lower corona of the donor star and not from the magnetosphere near the WD, because the latter site is expected to be modulated at the orbital period of the binary and to show eclipses—of which there is no evidence. The radio source J0240+19, although weak (≲ 1 mJy), is a persistent source in a high-inclination eclipsing binary, making it a good laboratory for studying radio emission from CVs.
Driving Galactic Outflows with Magnetic Fields at Low and High Redshift
Authors: Steinwandel Ulrich P. , Dolag Klaus , Lesch Harald , Burkert Andreas
Published: January 2022

Although galactic outflows play a key role in our understanding of the evolution of galaxies, the exact mechanism by which galactic outflows are driven is still far from being understood and, therefore, our understanding of associated feedback mechanisms that control the evolution of galaxies is still plagued by many enigmas. In this work, we present a simple toy model that can provide insight on how non-axisymmetric instabilities in galaxies (bars, spiral arms, warps) can lead to local exponential magnetic field growth by radial flows beyond the equipartition value by at least two orders of magnitude on a timescale of a few 100 Myr. Our predictions show that the process can lead to galactic outflows in barred spiral galaxies with a mass-loading factor η ≈ 0.1, in agreement with our numerical simulations. Moreover, our outflow mechanism could contribute to an understanding of the large fraction of barred spiral galaxies that show signs of galactic outflows in the chang-es survey. Extending our model shows the importance of such processes in high-redshift galaxies by assuming equipartition between magnetic energy and turbulent energy. Simple estimates for the star formation rate in our model together with cross correlated masses from the star-forming main sequence at redshifts z ∼ 2 allow us to estimate the outflow rate and mass-loading factors by non-axisymmetric instabilities and a subsequent radial inflow dynamo, giving mass-loading factors of η ≈ 0.1 for galaxies in the range of M
⋆ = 109–1012
M
⊙, in good agreement with recent results of sinfoni and kmos
3D.
Changes in the Near-surface Shear Layer of the Sun
Authors: Antia H. M. , Basu Sarbani
Published: January 2022

We use helioseismic data obtained over two solar cycles to determine whether there are changes in the near-surface shear layer (NSSL). We examine this by determining the radial gradient of the solar rotation rate. The radial gradient itself shows a solar-cycle dependence, and the changes are more pronounced in the active latitudes than at adjoining higher latitudes; results at the highest latitudes (≳70°) are unreliable. The pattern changes with depth, even within the NSSL. We find that the near-surface shear layer is deeper at lower latitudes than at high latitudes and that the extent of the layer also shows a small solar-cycle-related change.
Gaussian Process Classification for Galaxy Blend Identification in LSST
Authors: Buchanan James J. , Schneider Michael D. , Armstrong Robert E. , Muyskens Amanda L. , Priest Benjamin W. , Dana Ryan J.
Published: January 2022

A significant fraction of observed galaxies in the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will overlap at least one other galaxy along the same line of sight, in a so-called “blend.” The current standard method of assessing blend likelihood in LSST images relies on counting up the number of intensity peaks in the smoothed image of a blend candidate, but the reliability of this procedure has not yet been comprehensively studied. Here we construct a realistic distribution of blended and unblended galaxies through high-fidelity simulations of LSST-like images, and from this we examine the blend classification accuracy of the standard peak-finding method. Furthermore, we develop a novel Gaussian process blend classifier model, and show that this classifier is competitive with both the peak finding method as well as with a convolutional neural network model. Finally, whereas the peak-finding method does not naturally assign probabilities to its classification estimates, the Gaussian process model does, and we show that the Gaussian process classification probabilities are generally reliable.
COSMOS2020: A Panchromatic View of the Universe to z ∼ 10 from Two Complementary Catalogs
Authors: Weaver J. R. , Kauffmann O. B. , Ilbert O. , McCracken H. J. , Moneti A. , Toft S. , Brammer G. , Shuntov M. , Davidzon I. , Hsieh B. C. , Laigle C. , Anastasiou A. , Jespersen C. K. , Vinther J. , Capak P. , Casey C. M. , McPartland C. J. R. , Milvang-Jensen B. , Mobasher B. , Sanders D. B. , Zalesky L. , Arnouts S. , Aussel H. , Dunlop J. S. , Faisst A. , Franx M. , Furtak L. J. , Fynbo J. P. U. , Gould K. M. L. , Greve T. R. , Gwyn S. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Kashino D. , Koekemoer A. M. , Kokorev V. , Le Fèvre O. , Lilly S. , Masters D. , Magdis G. , Mehta V. , Peng Y. , Riechers D. A. , Salvato M. , Sawicki M. , Scarlata C. , Scoville N. , Shirley R. , Silverman J. D. , Sneppen A. , Smolc̆ić V. , Steinhardt C. , Stern D. , Tanaka M. , Taniguchi Y. , Teplitz H. I. , Vaccari M. , Wang W.-H. , Zamorani G.
Published: January 2022

The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) has become a cornerstone of extragalactic astronomy. Since the last public catalog in 2015, a wealth of new imaging and spectroscopic data have been collected in the COSMOS field. This paper describes the collection, processing, and analysis of these new imaging data to produce a new reference photometric redshift catalog. Source detection and multiwavelength photometry are performed for 1.7 million sources across the 2 deg2 of the COSMOS field, ∼966,000 of which are measured with all available broadband data using both traditional aperture photometric methods and a new profile-fitting photometric extraction tool, The Farmer, which we have developed. A detailed comparison of the two resulting photometric catalogs is presented. Photometric redshifts are computed for all sources in each catalog utilizing two independent photometric redshift codes. Finally, a comparison is made between the performance of the photometric methodologies and of the redshift codes to demonstrate an exceptional degree of self-consistency in the resulting photometric redshifts. The i < 21 sources have subpercent photometric redshift accuracy and even the faintest sources at 25 < i < 27 reach a precision of 5%. Finally, these results are discussed in the context of previous, current, and future surveys in the COSMOS field. Compared to COSMOS2015, it reaches the same photometric redshift precision at almost one magnitude deeper. Both photometric catalogs and their photometric redshift solutions and physical parameters will be made available through the usual astronomical archive systems (ESO Phase 3, IPAC-IRSA, and CDS).
Mid-infrared Outbursts in Nearby Galaxies (MIRONG). II. Optical Spectroscopic Follow-up
Authors: Wang Yibo , Jiang Ning , Wang Tinggui , Yan Lin , Sheng Zhenfeng , Dou Liming , Ding Jiani , Cai Zheng , Sun Luming , Yang Chenwei , Shu Xinwen
Published: January 2022

Infrared echo has proven to be an effective means to discover transient accretion events of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), such as tidal disruption events (TDEs) and changing-look active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in dusty circumnuclear environments. To explore the dusty populations of SMBH transient events, we have constructed a large sample of mid-infrared outbursts in nearby galaxies (MIRONG) and performed multiwavelength observations. Here we present the results of multiepoch spectroscopic follow-up observations of a subsample of 54 objects spanning a timescale of 4 yr. Emission-line variability was detected in 22 of them with either emergence or enhancement of broad Balmer emission lines in comparison with pre-outburst spectra. Coronal lines, He ii
λ4686, and Bowen line N iii
λ4640 appeared in the spectra of nine, seven, and two sources, respectively. These results suggest that MIRONG is a mixed bag of different transient sources. We have tentatively classified them into different subclass according to their spectral evolution and light curves. Two sources have been in a steady high broad Hα flux up to the latest observation and might be turn-on AGNs. Broad lines faded out in the remaining sources, indicating a transient ionizing source ignited by TDE or sporadic gas accretion. Thirty-one sources do not show noticeable spectral change with respect to their pre-outburst spectra. They have a statistically redder MIR color and lower MIR luminosity of the outbursts, which are consistent with heavily obscured events.
A 12.2 GHz Methanol Maser Survey toward the 6.7 GHz Counterparts Associated with/without UC H ii Regions
Authors: Song Shi-Min , Chen Xi , Shen Zhi-Qiang , Li Bin , Yang Kai , Ouyang Xujia , Sobolev Andrej M. , Zhao Zhang , Li Xiao-Qiong , Cai Fan
Published: January 2022

We report a new survey of the 12.2 GHz Class II methanol masers toward a sample of 367 sources with the 6.7 GHz methanol masers conducted with the Shanghai 65 m Tianma Radio Telescope. This sample has been previously made with observations of the radio continuum emission of UC H ii regions by the VLA. A total of 176 sources were detected with the 12.2 GHz methanol maser, with a detection rate of 48%, including 8 new detections. A lower detection rate (<10%) was determined toward the sources in the Galactic longitude ranges of 60°–180°, revealing that the physical environments from those sources in the Local arm or the tails of Galactic arms do not easily excite the 12.2 GHz masers. In addition, two detections of highly excited-state OH masers at the 13.4 GHz transition were made, one of which is a new detection. Compared to previous surveys, one-third of the detected 12.2 GHz masers show considerable flux variations, implying the possible changes of their physical environments associated with variable radiation fields from their host high-mass young stellar objects. A positive log–log correlation is found between the luminosities of the 6.7 and 12.2 GHz masers in our observed sample, suggesting that both the transition masers have similar excitation conditions. The statistical analysis for the relationships between the methanol maser luminosity and UC H ii region spatial size indicates that the maser luminosities of both the 6.7 and 12.2 GHz transitions have a decreasing trend with the spatial sizes of the associated UC H ii regions, indicating that the Class II methanol masers might fade away with the H ii region evolution.
Could the Magnetic Star HD 135348 Possess a Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere?
Authors: Jayaraman Rahul , Hubrig Swetlana , Holdsworth Daniel L. , Schöller Markus , Järvinen Silva , Kurtz Donald W. , Gagliano Robert , Ricker George R.
Published: January 2022

We report the detection and characterization of a new magnetospheric star, HD 135348, based on photometric and spectropolarimetric observations. The TESS light curve of this star exhibited variations consistent with stars known to possess rigidly rotating magnetospheres (RRMs), so we obtained spectropolarimetric observations using the Robert Stobie Spectrograph (RSS) on the South African Large Telescope (SALT) at four different rotational phases. From these observations, we calculated the longitudinal magnetic field of the star 〈B

z
〉, as well as the Alfvén and Kepler radii, and deduced that this star contains a centrifugal magnetosphere. However, an archival spectrum does not exhibit the characteristic “double-horned” emission profile for Hα and the Brackett series that has been observed in many other RRM stars. This could be due to the insufficient rotational phase coverage of the available set of observations, as the spectra of these stars significantly vary with the star’s rotation. Our analysis underscores the use of TESS in photometrically identifying magnetic star candidates for spectropolarimetric follow-up using ground-based instruments. We are evaluating the implementation of a machine-learning classifier to search for more examples of RRM stars in TESS data.
Multi-passband Observations of a Solar Flare over the He i 10830 Å line
Authors: Xu Yan , Yang Xu , Kerr Graham S. , Polito Vanessa , Sadykov Viacheslav M. , Jing Ju , Cao Wenda , Wang Haimin
Published: January 2022

This study presents a C3.0 flare observed by the Big Bear Solar Observatory/Goode Solar Telescope (GST) and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) on 2018 May 28 around 17:10 UT. The Near-Infrared Imaging Spectropolarimeter of GST was set to spectral imaging mode to scan five spectral positions at ±0.8, ±0.4 Å and line center of He i 10830 Å. At the flare ribbon’s leading edge, the line is observed to undergo enhanced absorption, while the rest of the ribbon is observed to be in emission. When in emission, the contrast compared to the preflare ranges from about 30% to nearly 100% at different spectral positions. Two types of spectra, “convex” shape with higher intensity at line core and “concave” shape with higher emission in the line wings, are found at the trailing and peak flaring areas, respectively. On the ribbon front, negative contrasts, or enhanced absorption, of about ∼10%–20% appear in all five wavelengths. This observation strongly suggests that the negative flares observed in He i 10830 Å with mono-filtergram previously were not caused by pure Doppler shifts of this spectral line. Instead, the enhanced absorption appears to be a consequence of flare-energy injection, namely nonthermal collisional ionization of helium caused by the precipitation of high-energy electrons, as found in our recent numerical modeling results. In addition, though not strictly simultaneous, observations of Mg ii from the IRIS spacecraft, show an obvious central reversal pattern at the locations where enhanced absorption of He i 10830 Å is seen, which is consistent with previous observations.
A Significant Detection of X-ray Polarization in Sco X-1 with PolarLight and Constraints on the Corona Geometry
Authors: Long Xiangyun , Feng Hua , Li Hong , Zhu Jiahuan , Wu Qiong , Huang Jiahui , Minuti Massimo , Jiang Weichun , Yang Dongxin , Citraro Saverio , Nasimi Hikmat , Yu Jiandong , Jin Ge , Zeng Ming , An Peng , Jiang Jiachen , Costa Enrico , Baldini Luca , Bellazzini Ronaldo , Brez Alessandro , Latronico Luca , Sgrò Carmelo , Spandre Gloria , Pinchera Michele , Muleri Fabio , Soffitta Paolo
Published: January 2022

We report the detection of X-ray polarization in the neutron-star low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius (Sco) X-1 with PolarLight. The result is energy-dependent, with a nondetection in 3–4 keV but a 4σ detection in 4–8 keV; it is also flux-dependent in the 4–8 keV band, with a nondetection when the source displays low fluxes but a 5σ detection during high fluxes, in which case we obtain a polarization fraction of 0.043 ± 0.008 and a polarization angle of 52.°6 ± 5.°4. This confirms a previous marginal detection with OSO-8 in the 1970s and marks Sco X-1 as the second astrophysical source with a significant polarization measurement in the keV band. The measured polarization angle is in line with the jet orientation of the source on the sky plane (54°), which is supposedly the symmetry axis of the system. Combining previous spectral analysis, our measurements suggest that an optically thin corona is located in the transition layer under the highest accretion rates, and disfavor the extended accretion disk corona model.
Fundamental Electromagnetic Emissions by a Weak Electron Beam in Solar Wind Plasmas with Density Fluctuations
Authors: Krafft C. , Savoini P.
Published: January 2022

The generation of Langmuir wave turbulence by a weak electron beam in a randomly inhomogeneous plasma and its subsequent electromagnetic radiation are studied owing to two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations in conditions relevant to type III solar radio bursts. The essential impact of random density fluctuations of average levels of a few percents of the background plasma on the characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation at the fundamental plasma frequency ω

p
is shown. Not only wave nonlinear interactions but also processes of Langmuir waves’ transformations on the density fluctuations contribute to the generation of such emissions. During the beam relaxation, the amount of electromagnetic energy radiated at ω

p
in a plasma with density fluctuations strongly exceeds that observed when the plasma is homogeneous. The fraction of Langmuir wave energy involved in the generation of electromagnetic emissions at ω

p
saturates around 10−4, i.e., one order of magnitude above that reached when the plasma is uniform. Moreover, whereas harmonic emission at 2ω

p
dominates over fundamental emission during the time evolution in a homogeneous plasma, fundamental emission is strongly dominant when the plasma contains density fluctuations, at least during several thousands of plasma periods before being overcome by harmonic emission when the total electromagnetic energy begins to saturate.
The CHIME Fast Radio Burst Population Does Not Track the Star Formation History of the Universe
Authors: Zhang Rachel C. , Zhang Bing
Published: January 2022

The redshift distribution of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is not well constrained. The association of the Galactic FRB 200428 with the young magnetar SGR 1935+2154 raises the working hypothesis that FRB sources track the star formation history of the universe. The discovery of FRB 20200120E in association with a globular cluster in the nearby galaxy M81, however, casts doubts on such an assumption. We apply the Monte Carlo method developed in a previous work to test different FRB redshift distribution models against the recently released first CHIME FRB catalog in terms of their distributions in specific fluence, external dispersion measure (DME), and inferred isotropic energy. Our results clearly rule out the hypothesis that all FRBs track the star formation history of the universe. The hypothesis that all FRBs track the accumulated stars throughout history describes the data better but still cannot meet both the DME and the energy criteria. The data seem to be better modeled with either a redshift distribution model invoking a significant delay with respect to star formation or a hybrid model invoking both a dominant delayed population and a subdominant star formation population. We discuss the implications of this finding for FRB source models.
Abundances of Elements Lighter than Scandium in the Atmosphere of the Standard Giant Star α Sex (HD 87887, A0 III)
Authors: Monier Richard
Published: January 2022

The abundances of elements lighter than scandium in the atmosphere of the A0 III giant, α Sex, are derived using archival ultraviolet and optical spectra. Most of the strongest lines present in the far-ultraviolet spectrum of α Sex can be attributed to chemical elements lighter than calcium. The synthesis of selected lines in the optical and ultraviolet yields new abundances, in particular for elements which have few lines in the optical range. Helium, oxygen, silicon and sulfur are found to have solar abundances, most other elements are underabundant. Aluminium may be marginally overabundant. The lines of chlorine are probably present in the FUV but they are too blended to derive the abundance of chlorine.
A Survey of Meteorite-specific Minerals
Authors: Kiker Thaddaeus J. , Hooper Nina , Elvis Martin
Published: January 2022

Dozens of exotic materials are found only in meteorites. These “meteorite minerals” are formed in the solar system's cold, long-lived, proto-planetary disk, in the slowly cooling cores of planetesimals, and in high-speed collisions. To the best of our knowledge no recent published work has aggregated information about minerals only found in meteorites in a comprehensive and machine readable manner. Thus, we have compiled a preliminary catalog of 81 known meteorite minerals from the literature to serve as a stepping stone for a future, more extensive effort. We also explore the distribution of these meteorite minerals by meteorite type.
Expected FU Ori Outburst Amplitudes from the Optical to the Mid-infrared
Authors: Hillenbrand Lynne A. , Rodriguez Antonio C.
Published: January 2022

Disks around young stellar objects (YSOs) consist of material that thermally emits the energy provided by a combination of passive heating from the central star, and active, viscous heating due to mass accretion. FU Ori stars are YSOs with substantially enhanced accretion rates in their inner disk regions. As a disk transitions from standard low-state, to FU Ori-like high-state accretion, the outburst manifests through photometric brightening over a broad range of wavelengths. We present results for the expected amplitudes of the brightening between ∼4000 Å and 8 μm—the wavelength range where FU Ori type outburst events are most commonly detected. Our model consists of an optically thick passive + active steady-state accretion disk with low and high accretion states.
The Abundances of Cobalt and Nickel in the Atmosphere of 78 Vir (A2p SrCrEu)
Authors: Monier Richard
Published: January 2022

Cobalt and nickel abundances are rarely available for normal and Chemically Peculiar A stars because the strongest transitions of Co ii and Ni ii fall in the mid-UV. The abundances of cobalt and nickel are derived for 78 Vir using a mean mid-ultraviolet spectrum constructed by coadding 10 spectra collected with the Long Wave Prime and Long wavelength Redundant cameras over the 18 yr of the IUE mission. The strong transitions of Co ii at 2286.16 Å, 2307.86 Å, 2324.32 Å and 2580.33 Å and that of Ni ii et 2287.09 Å are present and more or less affected by blends. The least blended, λ 2286.16 Å, yields a mean overabundance of cobalt of 5 times the solar abundance, the Ni ii line at 2287.09 Å yields a 3 times solar overabundance. There is no convincing evidence that these lines varied in the spectra analyzed. The rotational period of 78 Vir estimated from its recent TESS lightcurve is 3.723 ± 0.055 days.
Numerical Simulation of Compact Objects in Binary Systems Post-Supernova
Authors: Luitel Sudarshan , Rangelov Blagoy
Published: January 2022

We explore the post-supernova (SN) outcomes of binary systems using a rapid stellar evolution code to simulate the equivalent of a population of ∼ 106 
M
⊙. Here we explore the fraction of binaries that remain intact after the SN, which can potentially be found within supernova remnants. Given the challenges that the observational studies are facing, we use numerical simulations to shed more light on the issue.
Extreme-ultraviolet- and X-Ray-driven Photochemistry of Gaseous Exoplanets
Authors: Locci Daniele , Petralia Antonino , Micela Giuseppina , Maggio Antonio , Ciaravella Angela , Cecchi-Pestellini Cesare
Published: January 2022

The interaction of exoplanets with their host stars causes a vast diversity in bulk and atmospheric compositions and physical and chemical conditions. Stellar radiation, especially at the shorter wavelengths, drives the chemistry in the upper atmospheric layers of close orbiting gaseous giants, providing drastic departures from equilibrium. In this study, we aim at unfolding the effects caused by photons in different spectral bands on the atmospheric chemistry. This task is particularly difficult because the characteristics of chemical evolution emerge from many feedbacks on a wide range of timescales, and because of the existing correlations among different portions of the stellar spectrum. In describing the chemistry, we have placed particular emphasis on the molecular synthesis induced by X-rays. The weak X-ray photoabsorption cross sections of the atmospheric constituents boost the gas ionization to pressures inaccessible to vacuum and extreme-ultraviolet photons. Although X-rays interact preferentially with metals, they produce a secondary electron cascade able to ionize efficiently hydrogen- and helium-bearing species, giving rise to a distinctive chemistry.
Les passeurs de l’entrepreneuriat à l’université
Authors: Chambard Olivia , Stevens Hélène
Published: January 2022

Dans les années 2010, des structures chargées d’organiser la sensibilisation et la formation des étudiants à l’« esprit d’entre prendre » ont vu le jour dans les établissements d’enseignement supérieur : les PEPITE (Pôles étudiants pour l’innovation, le transfert et l’entrepreneuriat). C’est à travers une sociologie des travailleurs et travailleuses qui occupent les postes de ces structures que cet article éclaire certaines des transformations à l’œuvre à l’université. En fonction de leurs trajectoires, ces agents contribuent en effet à y importer des catégories de pensée directement issues du champ économique ou constituées en référence aux principes d’activation sociale qui gouvernent désormais le champ de l’insertion sociale. Les dispositions de ces passeurs se réfractent dans des pratiques professionnelles au caractère encore faiblement établi, entre usage économiciste et usage socio-éducatif de leur mission. Mais au-delà de ces variations, se dessine une matrice commune consistant à « ouvrir » l’université sur le monde de l’entreprise et à diffuser la figure de l’individu « entrepreneur de soi ».
Measurement data intrusion detection in industrial control systems based on unsupervised learning
Authors: Mokhtari Sohrab ,   Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA, Yen Kang K
Published: January 2022

Anomaly detection strategies in industrial control systems mainly investigate the transmitting network traffic called network intrusion detection system. However, The measurement intrusion detection system inspects the sensors data integrated into the supervisory control and data acquisition center to find any abnormal behavior. An approach to detect anomalies in the measurement data is training supervised learning models that can learn to classify normal and abnormal data. But, a labeled dataset consisting of abnormal behavior, such as attacks, or malfunctions is extremely hard to achieve. Therefore, the unsupervised learning strategy that does not require labeled data for being trained can be helpful to tackle this problem. This study evaluates the performance of unsupervised learning strategies in anomaly detection using measurement data in control systems. The most accurate algorithms are selected to train unsupervised learning models, and the results show an accuracy of 98% in stealthy attack detection.
El miʿrāǧ de Muḥammad según Baldassarre Loyola Mandes S.J. (1631-1667).Fuentes, controversia y cristianización de una tradición islámica
Authors: Stella Federico
Published: January 2022

El artículo versa sobre una versión latina desconocida del miʿrāǧ que el autor ha descubierto en el Archivo de la Pontificia Universidad Gregoriana dentro de un opúsculo escrito por Baldassarre Loyola Mandes S.J. (1631-1667), un príncipe musulmán marroquí convertido al cristianismo que luego entró en la Compañía de Jesús. El objetivo del artículo será demostrar cómo este miʿrāǧ latino se basó en una fuente árabe relacionada con la literatura de ḥadīṯ. Como método para alcanzar nuestro objetivo, haremos un estudio comparativo de las fuentes de las que Baldassare pudo tener conocimiento. Además, mostraremos el modo en que Baldassarre intentó no solo polemizar con la tradición islámica, sino también las estrategias que utilizó para cristianizarla.
The Feathered Headdress from the Austral Islands at The Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels: The Conservation of a Masterpiece
Authors: Kockelkoren Griet , DeBlock Hugo , Damen Emma , Bos Marina Van
Published: January 2022

This contribution mainly focusses on the recent research and conservation of a feathered headdress from the Austral Islands in the collections of The Royal Museums of Art and History in Brussels. It goes into several steps and choices of curation and conservation, and proposes steps for the future of exhibiting such valuable and significant things of cultural heritage and indigenous property.
A Qualitative Study on Innovation and Dimensional Aspects of the Omnichannel Retail Business Model
Authors: Ali Saiyed Wajid , Wani Tahir Ahmad , Tyagi Nikita
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to elucidate linkage of Omnichannel retail business model with innovation and technological advancements. The study is exploratory and qualitative in nature, based on primary and secondary data sources collected from varied retail sectors such as fashion, furniture, eyecare and electronics . The study has used Business Model Canvass (BMC) as a tool for strategic analysis. The study presents findings about business model and strategies in Omnichannel context from Indian retailers. The findings of the study posits four main dimensions resultant of digitalization and technological advancements in Omnichannel retail, namely Omnichannel Intensity, Organizational Structure Integration, Operations and Supply Chain Management Innovation, Data Analytics and Intelligence. Cross-channel Integration and Data Analytics & Intelligence have been found to be contributing enormously towards the strategic growth of Omnichannel retailers, thus emerging as the prominent managerial implications of the study.
The Compromise Ratio Method With Intuitionistic Fuzzy Distance for FMAGDM
Authors: Li Shuai , An Jingjing , Nan Jiangxia
Published: January 2022

The compromise ratio method (CRM) is an effective method to solve multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM). Distance measure of intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) numbers (IFNs) is important for CRM. In this paper, according to the IF distance of IFNs, an extended compromise ratio method (CRM) is developed for (MAGDM) problems which attribute weights and evaluation values of alternatives on attributes are expressed in linguistic variables parameterized using TIFNs. Finally, the effectiveness and practicability of the extended CRM with IF distance are demonstrated by solving a software selection problem.
Cause of Attrition in an Information Technology-Enabled Services Company
Authors: Barpanda Saswat , Athira S.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify the human resource and the contextual factors that catalyze employee attrition in an ITES organization. A triangulation approach used to understand the reasons for employee attrition including: conducting structured interviews with the employees upon the intimation of their intention to leave the organization as well as a follow up semi-structured interview six months post their official resignation. The study was analyzed using the word cloud qualitative data analysis technique, radar chart, correlation, paired sample t-test, chi-square, and ANOVA. This exploration affirms that human resource factors impact attrition while contextual factor generation influences the human resource factors. The study also indicates that employees feel comfortable to reveal their actual reason for leaving the organization only after a certain period post resignation. Managers should prioritize maintaining relationships with employees; ensure to provide employees with enriching job content and learning opportunities for career growth.
Hybrid Autoscaling Strategy on Container-Based Cloud Platform
Authors: Do Truong-Xuan , Tan Vu Khanh Ngo
Published: January 2022

The container has several advantages over the traditional virtual machine technology such as light-weight, fast booting time, and fast recovery. Kubernetes is one the most outstanding container management and deployment platforms. The Kubernetes provides autoscaling function, which will increase and decrease the hardware resources to adapt with the current traffic load situation to keep the user experience. Two popular autoscaling methods are horizontal autoscaling and vertical autoscaling. Based on the monitoring resource utilization, horizontal autoscaling will increase the number of PoDs (point of deployment) or vertical autoscaling will increase the hardware resources of each PoD to achieve the target utilization. In this paper, we present a hybrid solution that combines the advantages of both autoscaling solutions and proposes a bandwidth-efficient scheduler strategy. By numerical analysis, our hybrid approach is better than the normal HPA approach in terms of bandwidth cost and has lower autoscaling latency than the VPA approach
Class Imbalance Learning to Heterogeneous Cross-Software Projects Defect Prediction
Authors: Vashisht Rohit , Rizvi Syed Afzal Murtaza
Published: January 2022

Heterogeneous CPDP (HCPDP) attempts to forecast defects in a software application having insufficient previous defect data. Nonetheless, with a Class Imbalance Problem (CIP) perspective, one should have a clear view of data distribution in the training dataset otherwise the trained model would lead to biased classification results. Class Imbalance Learning (CIL) is the method of achieving an equilibrium ratio between two classes in imbalanced datasets. There are a range of effective solutions to manage CIP such as resampling techniques like Over-Sampling (OS) & Under-Sampling (US) methods. The proposed research work employs Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique (SMOTE) and Random Under Sampling (RUS) technique to handle CIP. In addition to this, the paper proposes a novel four-phase HCPDP model and contrasts the efficiency of basic HCPDP model with CIP and after handling CIP using SMOTE & RUS with three prediction pairs. Results show that training performance with SMOTE is substantially improved but RUS displays variations in relation to HCPDP for all three prediction pairs.
A Scalable Real-Time Agent-Based Information Retrieval Engine
Authors: Al-Akashi Falah Hassan Ali , Inkpen Diana
Published: January 2022

In distributed information retrieval systems, information in web should be ranked based on a combination of multiple features. Linear combination of ranks has been the dominant approach due to its simplicity and efficiency. Such a combination scheme in distributed infrastructure requires that ranks in resources or agents are comparable to each other. The main challenge is how to transform the raw rank values of different criteria appropriately to make them comparable before any combination. In this manuscript, we will demonstrate how to rank Web documents based on its resource-provided information stream and how to combine and incorporate several raking schemas in one time. The system was tested on the queries provided by a Text Retrieval Conference (TREC), and our experimental results showed that it is robust and efficient compared with similar platforms that used offline data resources.
A Study on Autonomous Driving Simulation Using a Deep Learning Process Model
Authors: Donzia Symphorien Karl Yoki , Kim Haeng-Kon
Published: January 2022

Along with artificial intelligence technologies, deep learning technology, which has recently received a great deal of attention, has been studied on the basis of developed artificial neural networks. This thesis deals with the detection, recognition, judgment, and control that are included in the basic technologies of the autonomous driving subsystems to achieve fully autonomous driving. And this work solves many problems in this area. The use of the CARLA simulation in this project is the development of a deep learning intelligent autonomous driving system in the road environment. Autonomous driving recognizes the situation by processing the data collected through images from multiple sensors or lidars and cameras in real-time. In the cloud server process using real data, explore various deep learning models for traffic flow prediction, return the model trained onboard, perform the prediction and solve the problem of fully autonomous driving, including a module of control, which is a CARLA simulation.
Healthcare Data Analytics Using Power BI
Authors: Sharma Nikita , Sarkar Dhrubasish
Published: January 2022

Innovations in computer technologies have revolutionized attention in recent years. Data analytics has emerged as a promising tool for determination problems in various health care connected disciplines. The effective utilization of knowledge mining in deeply noticeable fields like e-business, promoting and retail has prompted application in completely different businesses and divisions. Among these components merely finding is the medical services. Medical services organizations can reduce down on medical services expense and furnish better consideration with the help of predictive analysis. Enormous information likewise helps in diminishing medicine mistakes by improving budgetary and regulatory execution, and decrease readmission. The paper aims at systematic collection of patient-related healthcare data ,analyse through Microsoft Power BI after some transformations of data and determine major disciplines to improve the patient engagement, health system management, diagnosis and cost reduction.
Traffic Data Collection and Visualization Tool for Knowledge Discovery Using Google Maps
Authors: Hossain Iftekhar , Nower Naushin
Published: January 2022

Traffic jam is increasingly aggravating in almost every urban area. Traffic forecast, traffic modeling, visualization can help to provide appropriate route and time for traveling and thus provides a significant impact on traffic jam reduction. For traffic forecasting, modeling and visualization, city-wide traffic data collection and analysis are needed, which is still challenging in many aspects. This paper aims to develop a tool for acquiring and processing traffic data from Google Maps that can be used for forecasting, modeling, and visualization. Dhaka city is used as a case study since there is no infrastructure available for traffic data collection. The traffic flow intensity of the road is analyzed to determine the congestion of the road. The flow intensity is used for traffic modeling, visualization, traffic prediction and many more.
A Novel Sentence Completion System for Punjabi Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Mahi Gurjot Singh , Verma Amandeep
Published: January 2022

Sentence completion systems are actively studied by many researchers which ultimately results in the reduction of cognitive effort and enhancement in user-experience. The review of the literature reveals that most of the work in the said area is in English and limited effort spent on other languages, especially vernacular languages. This work aims to develop state-of-the-art sentence completion system for the Punjabi language, which is the 10th most spoken language in the world. The presented work is an outcome of the results of the experimentation on various neural network language model combinations. A new Sentence Search Algorithm (SSA) and patching system are developed to search, complete and rank the completed sub-string and give a syntactically rich sentence(s). The quantitative and qualitative evaluation metrics were utilized to evaluate the system. The results are quite promising, and the best performing model is capable of completing a given sub-string with more acceptability. Best performing model is utilized for developing the user-interface.
Regulation of Cutaneous Immunity In Vivo by Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Signaling through Endothelial Cells
Authors: Ding Wanhong , Stohl Lori L , Saab Jad , Azizi Shayan , Zhou Xi K , Mehta Devina , Granstein Richard D
Published: January 2022

Calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) can bias the outcome of Ag presentation to responsive T cells in vitro away from Th1-type immunity and toward the Th2 and Th17 poles through actions on endothelial cells (ECs). To test the in vivo significance of this observation, we engineered a mouse lacking functional CGRP receptors on ECs (EC receptor activity modifying protein 1 [RAMP1] knockout mice). On percutaneous immunization to 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, stimulated CD4+ T cells from draining lymph nodes showed significantly reduced IL-17A expression with significantly increased IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-22 expression at the protein and mRNA levels compared with control mice. Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ t mRNA was significantly reduced, while mRNAs for T-box expressed in T cells and GATA binding protein 3 were significantly increased. In addition, EC RAMP1 knockout mice had significantly reduced contact hypersensitivity responses, and systemic administration of a CGRP receptor antagonist similarly inhibited contact hypersensitivity in wild-type mice. These observations provide compelling evidence that CGRP is a key regulator of cutaneous immunity through effects on ECs and suggest a novel pathway for potential therapeutic manipulation.