bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proverb as an Indicator of the Normative Behavior of the Armed Forces of Russia Officers
Authors: Chernov Vitaliy , Perednya Dmitriy
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to understand the semantic constructions by which the Russian Armed Forces officers symbolize their attitude to social realm. For this purpose, they were asked to write their favorite proverb, to which they try to “correspond” in their behavior. The authors proceeded from the assumption that interiorized folklore type statements are life guidelines (social values) for representatives of this professional group and informal regulators of their life. The study made it possible to determine the “boundaries” of the proverbial worldview of Russian officers. Further, within the established boundaries, four groups of statements were obtained. The first is proverbs and sayings about labor, work; the second – about the reaction to external stimuli; the third is about human qualities, relationships during service, camaraderie, and interpersonal communication. The fourth is about corporatism and professional solidarity. The article describes the most significant fragments of professional military personnel’s dispositional worldview. Moreover, on the one hand, a desire to work, a willingness to endure the hardships of military service were revealed, on the other hand – a certain fatalism, a conviction that external conditions and circumstances may be insurmountable, but if you acted as the duty requires, then you are allowed not to worry about the consequences. Typical personality traits and the social identity of this professional group, recreated in the study, are determined by the peculiarities of military service, while being within the boundaries of universal human terminal values and have a constructive, solidarizing orientation.
Peculiarities of alcohol consumption in female urban population of different social and professional status
Authors: Pozdnyakova Margarita , Bruno Viktoria
Published: September 2021

The aim of the work is to study the prevalence of alcohol consumption and features of alcoholic behavior among working urban women with different professional and social status. The situation with the involvement of various groups of women in alcohol consumption is analyzed on the basis of quantitative and qualitative long – term studies conducted by the team of Sector of Sociology of Deviant Behavior of ISRAS – FCTAS RAS. The article analyzes the features of alcoholic behavior – the regularity and intensity of alcohol consumption, the structure of consumed alcoholic beverages – among women leaders, specialists with higher education without subordinates, women employees and workers of various qualifications. The main motives of alcohol consumption in these groups were revealed. It is shown that, despite the recorded positive trend of recent years towards a decrease in alcoholism among women in large cities, the nature of alcohol consumption in some socio-professional groups of women has changed significantly. Business women with a high social status who drink alcohol have a heavier alcohol habits. The article considered the influence of the epidemic of coronavirus infection and the self-isolation regimeintroduced by the government of the Russian Federation in spring of 2020 on alcoholic behavior of women with different socio-professional status. It was found that according to many indicators of alcoholic behavior, business women represent a high-risk group. The factors contributing to the alcoholization of business women are identified, the role of alcohol in their life, the motives of consumption are considered. It is shown that significant factors of alcoholization of business women and women-leaders are the need to follow the business culture with its inherent practice of alcohol consumption, the desirability of a woman’s compliance with opposing social norms, as well as work stress. In an effort to adapt to the current difficult conditions, business women resort to alcohol.
Population Dynamics of Bullet Tuna (Auxis rochei Risso 1881) from the Indian Ocean, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Asrial Evron , Khasanah Ruly Isfatul , Fathrurriadi Fathurriadi , Arapat Yasir , Hadi Usma Kurniawan , Kalih Lalu Achmad Tan Tilar Wangsajati Sukmaring , Rizal Lalu Samsul , Liliyanti Mita Ayu , Rosadi Erwin , Setyohadi Daduk , Junaidi Muhammad , Rathnayake Ishani Nelunika
Published: September 2021

Highlight Research:The bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) was identified and analysed.The length at first maturity (Lm) of bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) was analyzedThe eligibility status of bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) has been analyzed and estimatedThe LWR curve can be used to estimate age groups of fish compared to the sigmoid curveThe CF cannot be automatically used to estimate fish worth selling AbstractThe bullet tuna (Auxis rochei), BLT or tongkol lisong (Indonesian) is a species of neritic tuna which is one of the target fish for small scale fishers. The problem of bullet tuna fisheries was that it has reached overexploitation and the immature bullet tuna are still caught. This study aimed to assess the population dynamics of the BLT and its size composition caught by small scale fishers in the Indian Ocean, West Nusa Tenggara area was carried out in Bangko-Bangko (West Lombok), Cemplung Beach (South Sumbawa) and Tanjung Luar Fishing Port (East Lombok) between July 2019 and June 2020. The data was derived from the measurement and weighing results of 1,217 BLT collected from the respective collector traders at each sampling location. The growth pattern of BLT was isometric () which meant the ideal body shape (mesomorph) and length at first maturity (FLm) was 31.11 cm. The length-weight relationship curve showed that BLT was in an immature age group (adolescent fish). Meanwhile, the composition of BLT is worth selling (Condition Factor > 1.00), fit for catch (FLc / FLm > 1.00) and worthy of maturity (FLc > FLm), respectively 99.92%, 0.82% and 0.00%. The BLT fish composition indicates that the stocks of resources and populations do not support current sustainable fisheries management.
Estimation of Fishing Mortality Rate and Exploitation Status of Yellowstrip Scad (Selaroides leptolepis) in Tomini Bay using Von Bertalanffy Growth Model Approach
Authors: Pasisingi Nuralim , Kasim Faizal , MoO Zulkifli Arsalam
Published: September 2021

Highlight ResearchThe fishing area of S. leptolepis in this study was confirmed to be located in Tomini BayThe fish samples were gathered randomly from fishers’ catch using purse seinesThe growth curve for the male and female fish data were both plotted following the trend of the Von Bertalanffy equationThis study estimates the growth parameters, mortality, and exploitation rates of the male and female fish separately.AbstractComprehensive data is required for implementing sustainable fisheries management. Population dynamic and stock assessment aspects of Selaroides leptolepis species in Tomini Bay have not been entirely reported. This study aimed to determine the fishing mortality rate and exploitation status of S. leptolepis in Tomini Bay by calculating Von Bertalanffy growth model parameters (L∞, K, t0) then plotting them into Pauly's empirical equation. The sampling was conducted monthly from April to September 2020 at Gorontalo City Fishing Port. Samples were collected randomly from five commercial fishing vessels shortly after the fishermen landed their catch at the fishing port. All fish samples were confirmed to be obtained by the fishermen from Tomini waters. The growth parameters of the samples were analyzed using FiSAT II based on Von Bertalanffy mathematical model. While the mortality and exploitation values were calculated manually using Pauly's equation. The study showed that the growth parameter values of S. leptolepis in Tomini Bay were 245.47 mm, 0.49/year, and -3.04/year for males, while 227.80 mm, 0.63/year, and -2.72/year for females separately for L∞, K, and t0. The total, natural, and fishing mortality rates were 3.06/year, 0.61/year, and 2.45/year for males and 0.99/year, 0.74/year, and 0.25/year for females. The analysis results showed that the female's natural mortality (M) was higher than the male. In contrast, the fishing mortality (F) and total mortality (Z) of male fish exceed the female. The exploitation value of males (E=0.80) was greater than that of females (E=0.26).
Prefabrication of a Thin Concrete Shell: The Case of St Kevin's Church in Dee Why, Australia
Authors: Stracchi Paolo
Published: September 2021

Location of Project: Dee Why, NSW, Australia
 Structural Type: Prefabricated thin concrete shell
 Project Scale: Length 30 m, width 15.5 m, height 12 m
 Owner/Client: Warringah Catholic Parish
 Architect: Gibbons & Gibbons Architects

Structural Engineer: Concrete Industries Australia (Monier) Engineers Pty. Ltd.
 Construction: Concrete Industries Australia (Monier) Pty. Ltd.
 Construction year: 1961
Design and Analysis of a Helium-Assisted Hybrid Drone for Flight Time Enhancement
Authors: Macias Geronimo , Lee Kooktae
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a new design of a helium-assisted hybrid drone is proposed for flight time enhancement. As is widely known, most of the drones with a VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) feature have a short operation time, limiting their capability to carry out sustainable operations for the given missions. Thus, with the clear goal of enhancing the flight time, this study aims to develop a hybrid drone system, where a helium balloon is used to provide a lifting force for this purpose. The proposed design for the hybrid drone has several benefits including easiness to manufacture and relatively small size when compared to other types of hybrid drones. Various analyses are conducted for the design of the hybrid drone system including the balloon shape and size, buoyant force, flight time, and connector design. Since stability and performance are one of the most important issues for the new design, the pole location analysis is conducted based on the control theory. This rigorous analysis provides that the proposed hybrid drone design is stable as well as robust against swinging motions. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed design and flight time enhancement, simulations were conducted and experimental results are also provided using the manufactured hybrid drone system. Through the real experiments, it is proved that the hybrid drone can increase the flight time more than 2.5 times while guaranteeing stable motions.
Monitoring Student Achievement with Cognitive Diagnosis Model
Authors: YAKAR Levent , DOĞAN Nuri , DOST Şenol , SEZEN YÜKSEL Nazan
Published: September 2021

In this study, it is aimed to show how student achievement can be monitored by using the cognitive diagnosis models. For this purpose, responses of the 6th, 7th, and 8th grade Mathematics subtests of High School Placement Tests (HSPT) in 2009, 2010, and 2011, which provide longitudinal data, were used, respectively. There were 49933 examiners’ responses in data sets. The attributes examined by these tests were determined by the Mathematics experts, and the Q matrix consisting of five attributes was developed. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the largest latent class for all three years consisted of those non-master for any attribute. It was observed that the probability of attribute mastery increased in the 7th grade and decreased in the 8th grade. The high classification accuracy seen as a result of the analysis applied to HSPT, which is not intended for the cognitive diagnosis, shows that the results can be used for monitoring student achievement.
Incorporating terrain roughness into helicopter landing zone site selection by using the Geomorphic Oscillation Assessment Tool (GOAT) v1.0
Authors: Ekegren Michael , LeGrand Sandra
Published: September 2021

The Geomorphic Oscillation Assessment Tool (GOAT) quantifies terrain roughness as a mechanism to better explain forward arming and refueling point (FARP) suitability for Army aviation. An empirically driven characteristic of FARP consideration, surface roughness is a key discriminator for site utility in complex terrain. GOAT uses a spatial sampling of high-resolution elevation and land cover data to construct data frames, which enable a relational analysis of component and aggregate site suitability. By incorporating multiple criteria from various doctrinal sources, GOAT pro-duces a composite quality assessment of the areal options available to the aviation commander. This report documents and demonstrates version 1.0 of the GOAT algorithms developed by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC). These details will allow users familiar with R to implement it as a stand-alone program or in R Studio.
Geostatistical Model for the Arab-D Reservoir, North ’Ain Dar Pilot, Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia: An Improved Reservoir Simulation Model
Authors: Douglas John L. ,   Members of the ‘Ain Dar/Shedgum Modeling Team
Published: September 2021

The North ‘Ain Dar 3-D geocellular model consists of geostatistical models for electrofacies, porosity and permeability for a portion of the Jurassic Arab-D reservoir of Ghawar field, Saudi Arabia. The reservoir consists of a series of shallow water carbonate shelf sediments and is subdivided into 10 time-stratigraphic slices on the basis of core descriptions and gamma/porosity log correlations. The North ‘Ain Dar model includes an electrofacies model and electrofacies-dependent porosity and permeability models. Sequential Indicator Simulations were used to create the electrofacies and porosity models. Cloud Transform Simulations were used to generate permeability models. Advantages of the geostatistical modeling approach used here include: (1) porosity and permeability models are constrained by the electrofacies model, i.e. by the distribution of reservoir rock types; (2) patterns of spatial correlation and variability present in well log and core data are built into the models; (3) data extremes are preserved and are incorporated into the model. These are critical when it comes to determining fluid flow patterns in the reservoir.

Comparison of model Kh with production data Kh indicates that the stratigraphic boundaries used in the model generally coincide with shifts in fluid flow as indicated by flowmeter data, and therefore represent reasonable flow unit boundaries. Further, model permeability and production estimated permeability are correlated on a Kh basis, in terms of vertical patterns of distribution and cumulative Kh values at well locations. This agreement between model and well test Kh improves on previous, deterministic models of the Arab-D reservoir and indicates that the modeling approach used in North ‘Ain Dar should be applicable to other portions of the Ghawar reservoir.
Nivel de inteligencia emocional y su relación con el desempeño laboral en ejecutivos que trabajan en aislamiento durante el periodo de confinamiento por Covid19, Lima 2020
Authors:   , Shupingahua Caraza Fina Celmira , Candela Hurtado Haydermey Yoselyn
Published: September 2021

El estudio se planteó como propósito identificar la relación existente entre el nivel de “inteligencia emocional” (IE) y “desempeño laboral” (DL) en ejecutivos que trabajan en aislamiento social durante el confinamiento por Covid-19. El enfoque fue cuantitativo, correlacional, No experimental al limitarse a examinar los hechos sin interferir en las variables. De corte transversal, puesto que recolectó evidencia en un momento específico y único. Conformaron la muestra 115 ejecutivos, del sector comercial (75) y del sector financiero (40), seleccionados mediante muestreo No probabilístico Intencional. Se aplicaron los instrumentos Inventario de Coeficiente Intelectual IC-BarOn Emotional Quotient Inventory y Cuestionario de Rendimiento laboral individual de Koopmans. El “alfa de Cronbach” IE(0.961) y DL(0.929). Se obtuvo un “Rho de Spearman” (0.655), determinando “relación positiva moderada”, con un “pvalor=0.000 <0.05”. Se determinó “relación directa y significativa” entre la IE y el DL, en los ejecutivos que trabajan en confinamiento por COVID-19, Lima 2020.
Menstrual hygiene practice and its determinants among Adolescent Girls in Sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Anbesu Etsay Woldu , Aychiluhm Setognal Birara
Published: September 2021

Background: Poor menstrual hygiene practices can lead to gynecological problems, psychosocial stress, and reduced access to school. Menstrual hygiene has not received adequate attention in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this, there are fragmented and inconsistent findings in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of good menstrual hygiene practice and identify its associated factors among adolescent girls in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: The protocol for this review was registered at PROSPERO with registration number: CRD42020165628. In this study, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline will be used to report the protocol. Online electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL and unpublished grey literature will be searched to retrieve available studies from January 1-May/2021. The selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of studies will be carried by two authors. Joanna Briggs Institute checklist will be used to assess the quality of the studies. Heterogeneity among studies will be examined using a chi-squared test and I-squared statistic. To investigate sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses and meta-regression will be done based on region and sample size. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to identify influential studies. Publication bias will be examined by funnel plots and Egger’s test. The statistical analysis will be conducted using STATA version-14 software. A random-effect model will be used to estimate the pooled prevalence, and statistical significance will be determined at a p-value of <0.05.Discussion: Poor menstrual hygiene practice affects the health of millions of adolescent girls in developing countries. Currently, there are no synthesis research findings on the pooled prevalence of menstrual hygiene practice and its associated factor in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be helpful to inform policy-makers, planners, and researchers to design appropriate interventions.
Prevalence and Incidence of Patients with Fibromyalgia in Catalonia between 2010 and 2017. A Descriptive Observational Study
Authors: Valmaña Glòria Sauch , Catalina Queralt Miró , Vidal-Alaball Josep
Published: September 2021

Background: To measure the prevalence and cumulative incidence of individuals diagnosed with fibromyalgia (FM) in Catalonia between 2010 and 2017. Methods: A retrospective observational study of the population of Catalonia between 2010 and 2017, both included, was designed to describe the incidence, prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of individuals diagnosed with fibromyalgia. A total of 56,098 patients were included in the study. The scope of the study were the 283 Primary Care Teams (PCT), all managed by the Instituto Catalán de la Salud [Catalan Institute of Health] (ICS). Results: The diagnosis of FM is higher in females (95.4%) than males (4.55%), with a mean age of 53.0 [45.0-61.0] years. The prevalence of FM in the total population was 0.4% in 2010 and 1.4% in 2017. The highest prevalence was found in the 55-65 age group (1.05% in 2010, and 2.46% in 2017). A relationship was found between the prevalence of FM and the degree of socioeconomic deprivation in urban areas: the greater the deprivation, the greater the prevalence of FM. The cumulative incidence of FM in the population remained constant over time (0.11% in 2010 and 0.10% in 2017), being more prevalent in women than men (0.18% women, 0.01% men in 2017).Conclusions: Our study confirms that FM is a prevalent disease in Catalonia, with an upward trend in recent years and it is more prevalent in women.
Investigating the Feasibility of Implementing a Cloud Seeding Project in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, South East of Iran
Authors: Monfared Seyed Arman Hashemi , Poormohammadi Samaneh , Fatemi Mehran , Rasaei Faezeh , Khosravi Mahmood
Published: September 2021

The water shortage is a challenge in many countries around the world. Today, the latest scientific and practical technologies are used to solve the problem of water shortage in arid and semi-arid regions. The optimal use of water resources as well as the use of novel methods of water extraction plays a significant role in alleviating the effects of this crisis. One of the methods used for increasing rainfall and water harvesting from the atmosphere is cloud seeding technology. The first step of this technique involves studying the target area and selecting the appropriate time and place for cloud seeding. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of cloud seeding in Sistan and Baluchestan province, south east of Iran, for rainmaking. Therefore, using the parameters of precipitation, minimum temperature, relative humidity and cloudy parameter, the status and feasibility for rainmaking in the province were evaluated and suitable months for cloud seeding were determined. Accordingly, December, January, February and March were found to provide suitable conditions for seeding. In order to select suitable places for cloud seeding, zoning maps of precipitation, temperature and relative humidity in selected months as well as the topographic map of the province were prepared by GIS After fuzzyization and integration of these maps, the zoning map of suitable areas for cloud seeding in Sistan and Baluchestan province was drawn to select the most susceptible areas. The area surrounding Khash synoptic station and the southern areas of the province were found to be suitable for cloud seeding.
Transitional Self-Disappear: The Journey of Cancer Survivors to Self Re-Coherence
Authors: Dehghan Mojtaba , Hasani Jafar , Moradi Alireza , Mohammadkhani Shahram
Published: September 2021

Purpose

People who experience cancer often face serious and unpleasant challenges in understanding their past, present, and future. They think they have lost their lifetime, agency, and interpersonal relationships, and no longer know their bodies. These experiences can change survivors' perceptions of themselves. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a deep theoretical understanding of the change of self in cancer survivors.
Methods

Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Interviews were conducted with 17 cancer survivors, 2 oncologists, and 2 family members of survivors. In this study, grounded theory methodology was used to explore the process of understanding and experiencing "self" in cancer survivors.
Results

The present study generated a model about the change of self, with the main concept called "transitional self-disappear", which is understandable based on the concepts of self-disruption (temporal disruption, highlighted body, interference in the agency, - individual-self disruption, over differentiation, relational self-disruption, and painful emotional experiences), self-reconstruction strategy and quality of self-coherence; and occurs in the cancer-based contextual experiences and individual-environmental preparedness.
Conclusion

This model illuminated the complex paths and roads of the survivors' journey from self-disappear to self reconstruction/re-coherence. A healthier experience of this journey can be facilitated by the transcendence of the "self" conceptualized in the past, and the promotion of specific (cancer-based contextual experiences) and general (individual-environmental preparedness) conditions.
FDA-Approved Excipient N,N-Dimethylacetamide Attenuates In-Vitro and In-Vivo Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Koya Jagadish , Shen Tong , Lu Geming , Gauthier Alex , Mantell Lin , Ashby Charles , Reznik Sandra
Published: September 2021

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects almost 7 million people worldwide and is increasing in incidence. While the precise pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines play a central role. We have previously found that N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), a widely used non-toxic drug excipient, suppresses cytokine and chemokine secretion in vitro and prevents inflammation-induced preterm birth in vivo. Methods: Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we tested whether DMA attenuates cytokine and chemokine secretion from LPS- or TNFa-stimulated human intestinal epithelial cells and human monocytes and HMGB1 release from RAW 264.7 cells. To test our hypothesis that the mechanism of DMA’s effects in in-vitro and in-vivo models of IBD is inhibition of the NF-kB pathway, we used western blotting to track levels of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) inhibitory molecule I kappa B alpha (IkBa) in THP-1 human monocytes in the absence or presence of DMA. Finally, we induced colitis in C57Bl/6 mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and then tested whether daily i.p injections of DMA at 2.1 g/kg/day attenuates clinical and histopathologic signs of colitis.Results: DMA attenuated cytokine and chemokine release from human intestinal epithelial cells and human monocytes and HMGB1 release from RAW 264.7 cells. Importantly, DMA prevented degradation of IkBa in THP-1 cells, thereby suggesting one mechanism for DMA’s effects. Finally, we show here, for the first time, that DMA attenuates clinical and histologic features of DSS-induced colitis. Conclusion: DMA should be further explored in preclinical and clinical trials for its potential as novel drug therapy for IBD.
SNHG3/miR-148a-3p Axis–mediated High Expression of DNMT1 Correlates with Poor Prognosis and Tumor Immune Infiltration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yao Ninghua , Jiang Wei , Sun Jie , Yang Chen , Zheng Wenjie , Wang Yan
Published: September 2021

Background Epigenetic reprogramming plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DNA methylation is a key epigenetic regulatory mechanism, and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is the major enzyme responsible for maintenance methylation. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of DNMT1 in HCC remains poorly defined. Methods In the current study, we conducted pan-cancer analysis for DNMT1’s expression and prognosis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set. We conducted gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) between high-and-low DNMT1 expression groups to identify DNMT1-related functional significance. We also investigated the relationship between DNMT1 expression and tumor immune microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration and the expression of immune checkpoints. Through a combination series of computer analyses (including expression analyses, correlation analyses, and survival analyses), the noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that contribute to the overexpression of DNMT1 were ultimately identified. Results We found that DNMT1 was upregulated in 16 types of human carcinoma including HCC, and DNMT1 might be a biomarker predicting unfavorable prognosis in HCC patients. DNMT1 mRNA expression was statistically associated with age, histological grade, and the level of serum AFP. Moreover, DNMT1 level was significantly and positively linked to tumor immune cell infiltration, immune cell biomarkers, and immune checkpoint expression. Meanwhile, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that high-DNMT1 expression was associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), E2F target, G2M checkpoint, and inflammatory response. Finally, through a combination series of computer analyses the SNHG3/hsa-miR-148a-3p/DNMT1 axis was confirmed as the potential regulatory pathway in HCC. Conclusion SNHG3/miR-148a-3p axis upregulation of DNMT1 may be related to poor outcome, tumor immune infiltration, and regulated malignant properties in HCC.
PKC Mediates PACSIN2 to Regulate Hypertrophic Cardiomyocytes in the Aggravation of the Compensatory Function
Authors: Wei Siang , Xu Ran , Li Xiaohui , Ding Zhiwen , Zou Yunzeng
Published: September 2021

Background Myocardial hypertrophy (MH) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with hypertension and myocardial infarction. Recent studies have shown that PACSIN2 is associated with cardiovascular disease; however, the function of cardiomyocytes remains unclear. Here, the interaction between protein kinase C‎‎ (PKC) and PACSIN2 and the manner in which PACSIN2 regulates MH was studied. Methods The cell models were constructed with angiotensin II (AII) and PMA; qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to verify the relative protein expression of PKC and PACSIN2; immunofluorescence was used to determine the effect of PKC upregulation on the morphology of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes after an overexpression and silencing of PACSIN2 by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results The results indicate that PKC positively regulates the expression of PACSIN2 and causes MH phenotype. The overexpression of PACSIN2 was not solely responsible for MH, while the overexpression of PACSIN2 under MH caused hypertrophy to increase. In addition, the high expression of PACSIN2 caused an increase in α-MHC mRNA, but it was not related to the expression of tubulin. The morphological results indicate that the overexpression of PKC causes MH, which causes heart failure. Conclusion Studies have shown that PACSIN2 plays an important role in maintaining myocardial cell contraction and MH. To clarify, the PAC interacting protein and the cardiomyocyte function provide a theoretical basis for the pathology and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Modeling Relationships Between Iron Status, Behavior, And Brain Electrophysiology: Evidence From a Randomized Study Involving a Biofortified Grain in Indian Adolescents
Authors: Wenger Michael J. , Kolb Laura E. Murray , Scott Samuel P. , Boy Erick , Haas Jere D
Published: September 2021

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are highly-prevalent nutrient deficiencies and have been shown to have a range of negative effects on cognition and brain function. Human intervention studies including measures at three levels—blood, brain, and behavior—are rare and our objective was to model the relationships among measures at these three levels in school-going Indian adolescents.Methods: Male and female adolescents in rural India were screened for ID/IDA. Subjects consumed 2 meals/day for 6 months; half were randomly assigned to consume meals made from a standard grain (pearl millet) and half consumed meals made from an iron biofortified pearl millet (BPM). Prior to and then at the conclusion of the feeding trial, they completed a set of cognitive tests with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG).Results: Consumption of the BPM resulted in significantly larger improvements (relative to the comparison pearl millet) in the iron biomarkers (mean partial η2 for treatment condition = 0.07), the behavioral variables (mean partial η2 = 0.18), and the EEG variables (mean partial η2 = 0.21). Critically, the best model for the relationship between iron status and cognition had brain measures as a mediating factor, with both serum ferritin as a primary predictor and hemoglobin as a moderator.Conclusions: A dietary intervention involving a biofortified staple grain was shown to be effective in improving blood iron biomarkers, behavioral measures of cognition, and EEG measures of brain function. Modeling the relationships among these variables strongly suggests multiple mechanisms by which blood iron level affects brain function and cognition.Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02152150, 02 June 2014.
The Time-Dependent Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and the Interaction With Host Metabolism in Mouse Pulmonary Fibrosis Models
Authors: Yang Xiao-Hui , Jia Xiu-Juan , Chi Xiao-Sa , Wang Xiao-Meng , Wang Fang-Fang , Cong Jin-Peng , Wei Hong-Yun , Zheng Hui , Zhang Yu-Zhu
Published: September 2021

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic progressive disease whose pathogenesis is thought to be associated with activation of the immune system and consequent metabolic changes. Recent studies suggested that gut microbes are closely related with host's immune response and metabolic changes in fibrotic hosts. However, the dynamic changes of the gut microbiome and the interaction profiles with host metabolism during the development of pulmonary fibrosis remain inconclusive. Results: We collected serum and fecal samples from bleomycin-induced fibrotic mice at 0, 7, 14, and 28 days and performed UPLC-MS analysis on serum metabolites and metagenomic sequencing on fecal samples. It is found that the serum metabolic profile and gut microbiome were significantly altered in mice during the progression of fibrosis. Among the serum metabolites, the levels of three major types of lipids, i.e., glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and fatty acids exhibit significant time-dependent changes. The glycerolipid TG and multiple glycerophospholipids (3 PG, 6 PE, and 1 PC) decreased in the early stage of fibrosis and increased in the late stage. The other two types of glycerolipids MG and DG and the fatty acids Cartinine and Punicic acid decreased through the development of fibrosis. In the meantime, we detected significantly elevated abundance of gut microbiome taxa, including Prevotella sp. from Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus from Firmicutes, and Bifidobacterium from Actinobacteria in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. When compared to the dynamic profiles of serum metabolites, the abundances of gut microbiome show a high level of correlation with that of serum metabolites. The taxa from Bacteroides, such as Butyricimonas_synergistica and Muribaculaceae, show positive correlation with the cluster of glycerophospholipids, while taxa from Firmicutes, such as Clostridioides difficile and Enterococcus faecium exhibit negative correlation. Further functional classification suggested that those taxa are involved in multiple functional modules, such as Transporters, Secretion system, and Metabolism. Conclusions: The results reveal the synergistic changes between the gut microbiome and host metabolism and the dynamic responses of gut microbiome to host fibrosis during the progression of fibrosis.
Stacking of Pup1 QTL for Low Soil Phosphorus Tolerance and Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes in the Background of APMS6B, the Maintainer Line of Rice Hybrid DRRH-3
Authors: N Madhusudan , P Beulah , JALDHANI VEERENDRA , P Nagaraju , Y Manasa , RM Sundaram , GS Laha , AS HariPrasad , MS Anantha , KB Kemparaju , C Gireesh , R Gobinath , Barbadikar Kalyani M , P Brajendra , Tuti  , R Mahender Kumar , P SENGUTTUVEL
Published: September 2021

Phosphorus (P) is one of the macro nutrients essential for plant growth and development. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is sensitive to P starvation and its deficiency influences many key plant functions which results in crop yield penalty. Although the hybrid rice segment is well-known for its yield heterosis, P deficiency and bacterial leaf blight (BLB) diseases are the evident limitations. APMS6B, the female parent of DRRH-3 is susceptible to low P and bacterial blight disease. In the present study, the improvement of APMS6B to P starvation and resistance to bacterial leaf blight (BB) was carried out using marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) approach. Kasalath (+ Pup1 QTL) was used as donor and a promising IL (ATR 594-1) at BC1 F4 generation was identified with 81.15% RPGR. Concurrently, this IL was intercrossed with GU-2 (+ Xa21 and Xa38 ). Hybridity of Intercross F1s (ICF1) was confirmed through foreground selection having maximum RPGR (88.29%) and were selfed to produce ICF2. The resultant progenies were phenotyped for BB using Xoo inoculum (IX-020), simultaneously genotyped with gene specific functional SSR markers for Xa21 and Xa38. The identified BB resistant plants were subjected to foreground selection for Pup1. Four promising ICF3 plants (BP-10-1, BP-10-3, BP-10-5 and BP-10-15 with Xa21, Xa38 and Pup1) along with parents and checks were screened both in low P plot (<2 kg P2O5 ha-1 ) as well as in normal plot (>25 kg P2O5 ha-1) during dry and wet seasons 2018. Based on the field evaluation, four promising intercrossed lines were identified with better root architecture in terms of root length and root volume. In addition, less % reduction in grain yield (39.10%) under P starvation and less susceptibility indices values (<1) for BB were observed. These lines may be utilized in the CMS conversion programme and development of climate resilient, biotic and abiotic tolerant rice hybrids.
PTK2 Promotes Uveal Melanoma Metastasis by Activating Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Fan Zhongyi , Duan Jingjing , Zhang Lei , Chen Qiong , Xiao Wen , Luo Pu , Shao Ling , Meng Jingye , An Jianghong , Zhang Gengwei , Tan Xiaohua
Published: September 2021

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is an aggressive primary intraocular tumor in adults, with high metastatic capacity and high morbidity. However, the mechanisms of UM metastasis have not been clearly elucidated.Methods: The PTK2 expression and activation were performed in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 25 patients of UM. The role of PTK2 in promoting metastasis was explored in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, we revealed the correlation between PTK2 expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Finally, we explored the reason for the high expression of PTK2 in UM.Results: Our study found that protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2) was overexpressed in UM specimens, and as a novel independent risk factor, its overexpression predicted the poor survival of UM patients. For the molecular mechanism, PTK2 promoted EMT phenotype, thus leading to tumor metastasis in UM cells. Subsequently, we have demonstrated that PTK2 was a functional gene of chromosome 8q gain accounting for UM metastasis, providing a novel molecular mechanism for the aberrantly expression and activation of PTK2 in UM.Conclusion: Our data reveal the important role and mechanism of PTK2 in the metastatic process of UM, which may clue to a new predictive biomarker for UM metastasis and a new therapeutic target for UM treatment.
Osteoblast/osteocyte-derived interleukin-11 regulates osteogenesis and systemic adipogenesis
Authors: Dong Bingzi , Hiasa Masahiro , Endo Itsuro , Ohnishi Yukiyo , Kondo Takeshi , Takashi Yuichi , Tsoumpra Maria , Kainuma Risa , Sawatsubashi Shun , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Shioi Go , Sakaue Hiroshi , Nakashima Tomoki , kato shigeaki , Abe Masahiro , Fukumoto Seiji , Matsumoto Toshio
Published: September 2021

Exercise offers mechanical loading to the bone, while it stimulates energy expenditure in the adipose tissue. Thus, bone may secrete a factor to communicate with adipose tissue in response to mechanical loading. Interleukin (IL)-11 is expressed in the bone, upregulated by mechanical loading, enhances osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenesis. Systemic IL-11 deletion (IL-11−/−) exhibited reduced bone mass, suppressed bone formation response to mechanical loading, enhanced expression of Wnt inhibitors, and suppressed Wnt signaling. Enhancement of bone resorption under mechanical unloading was unaffected. Unexpectedly, IL-11−/− mice showed increased systemic adiposity and glucose intolerance. Osteoblast/osteocyte-specific IL-11 deletion in osteocalcin-Cre;IL-11fl/fl mice showed reduced serum IL-11, blunted bone formation under mechanical loading, and increased systemic adiposity similar to IL-11−/− mice. Adipocyte-specific IL-11 deletion in adiponectin-Cre; IL-11fl/fl mice exhibited no abnormality. Thus, IL-11 from osteoblast/osteocyte controls both osteogenesis and systemic adiposity in response to mechanical loading. These findings may bring new therapeutic approaches to osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome.
The Saviour of a Pregnant Woman With Fulminant Myocarditis ——Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Case Report
Authors: Lin Yanan , Wang Bin , Lin Xu , Ma Fuguo , Niu Zhaozhuo , Hu Dan , Tao Hong , Weng Zhanping , Wang Mingshan , Sun Lixin , Han Wei , Bi Yanlin
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: There are no reports regarding a pregnant woman with fulminant myocarditis underwent Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). Hence, we report a case of successful ECMO treatment of fulminant myocarditis puerpera. CASE PRESENTATION: A 32-year-old puerpera was admitted to our hospital with menopause for 7 months, fetal movement for 3 months and fever for 1 day. After admission, the patient's body temperature increased repeatedly, heart rate increased, and the whole process C-reactive protein increased rapidly. Considered a diagnosis of fulminant myocarditis. After antiviral and cardioprotective treatment, the heart function progressively worsened. Pregnancy was terminated, the newborn was intubated in the neonatal room for rescue after surgery, and ECMO treatment was given after the puerpera was transferred to the intensive care unit. Finally, the patient and the baby have been safely discharged from hospital. DISCUSSION: ECMO can provide cardiac and respiratory support. Fulminant myocarditis is common in children, adolescents and particularly pregnant women who had the highest mortality rate. In the pregnant woman with fulminant myocarditis described in this report, antiviral treatment only transiently improved heart function and then heart function progressively worsened. After receiving ECMO therapy, the patient's cardiac function has improved markedly. The patient was then successfully weaned from ECMO. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pregnant woman in whom ECMO was part of the treatment for fulminant myocarditis. CONCLUSION: We report a case of successful ECMO treatment of fulminant myocarditis puerpera. ECMO can be the treatment of choice for pregnant women with fulminant myocarditis.
Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients with Persistent Symptoms
Authors: Hennigs Jan K. , Huwe Marie , Hennigs Annette , Oqueka Tim , Simon Marcel , Harbaum Lars , Körbelin Jakob , Schmiedel Stefan , Wiesch Julian Schulze zur , Addo Marylyn M. , Kluge Stefan , Klose Hans
Published: September 2021

In a cross-sectional analysis, we have identified a high prevalence of respiratory muscle dysfunction in persistently symptomatic patients after COVID-19 (‘Long COVID’). Respiratory muscle impairment in these patients was associated with exercise-induced deoxygenation, impaired exercise tolerance, activity and functional outcomes after COVID-19.
Machine learning for Drug-Virus Prediction
Authors: Besharatifard Milad , Gharagozlou Arshia
Published: September 2021

The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic has recently hit most countries hard. Therefore, many researchers around the world are looking for a way to control this virus. Examining existing medications and using them to prevent this epidemic can be helpful. Drug repositioning solutions can be effective because designing and discovering a drug can be very time-consuming. In this study, we used a binary classifier learning method to predict the drug-virus relationship. The feature vector for each drug-virus pair is based on the similarity between drugs and the similarity between viruses. We calculated the similarities between the drugs using their structural properties (fingerprint) and their phenotype. We also calculated the similarities between viruses based on their genome sequence and the vector encoded by the Biobert model. Finally, using the HDVD dataset, we formed the similarity vectors of each drug-virus pair and considered it as input to neural network and random forest models. In these models, we randomly selected 20% of the positive data and the same amount of negative data. Finally, the performance of the proposed approach for this test data is considered, after five tests, as AUC=0.97 and AUPR = 0.96. We also used the Compressed Sensing (CS) matrix factorization model to predict the drug-virus association. We also investigated the importance of drug features in predicting drug-virus association by using Autoencoder and reducing the dimension of drug properties.
Financial Structure, Cycle, and Instability
Authors: Ninomiya Kenshiro
Published: September 2021

The subprime loan mortgage crisis has revived scholarly interest in Minsky’s financial instability hypothesis. The related mathematical models present two types of Minskian financial structures. We construct macrodynamic models that consider both structures and discuss financial instability and cycles. We also demonstrate that one of the financial cycles occurs when a real factor stabilizes the economy. The burden of interest-bearing debt is an important determinant of the cycle. We posit that the escalating financial fragility in this cycle is a more appropriate interpretation of the Minskian financial structure that refers to hedging, speculative and Ponzi behaviors. We further demonstrate that another financial structure destabilizes the economy. If the instability occurs at the point of fragility, then the economy may deteriorate into financial crisis. Fragility then becomes instability.JEL classifications: E12, E32, E33, E43
Globalisation and Economic Growth in West Africa
Authors: Wanger Benjamin , Aras Osman Nuri
Published: September 2021

Economic integration among countries could be beneficial to trading partners if properly handled through appropriate regulation of production, distribution, and consumption. However, it appears developing countries often do not benefit from their relations with other countries at advanced stages of developed. It is in view of this that this research was conducted with concentration on West Africa. Panel Cointegration techniques including Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares and Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality Test were applied using time series on Gross Domestic Product, Exports, Imports and Foreign Direct Investment of eight West African countries from 1960 – 2019. while a positive and significant long run causal relationship was found between Exports, Imports as aspects of globalisation and Gross Domestic Product, there was an observed negative long run relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Gross Domestic Product. Export promotion, hight import tariffs, the local content initiative, liberal migration policies and strong regulatory machinery were recommended.JEL Codes: FGHO