bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[أساليب المعايشة وعلاقتها بالضغوط النفسية لدى مرضى الربو المزمن]
Authors:   ماجستير علم النفس العيادي العملي, السلمي أفنان ستر عتيق , الحميضي د/ أحمد علي ,   أستاذ علم النفس العيادي المساعد - وحدة علم النفس العيادي
Published: December 2024

استهدف البحث إلى معرفة العلاقة بين الضغوط النفسية وأساليب المعايشة، والتعرف إلى مصادر الضغوط النفسية وأكثر أساليب المعايشة استخدامًا لدى مرضى الربو المزمن، وفقاً لمتغيرات العمر والنوع والحالة الاقتصادية. تكونت عينة البحث من سبعون مريض ربو مزمن، وتتراوح سنواتهم بين (13-18) عامًا من الذكور والإناث المترددين على العيادات الخارجية لقسم أمراض الصدرية بمستشفى شرق جدة العام، ومجمع الملك عبدالله الطبي في محافظة جدة. وتمثلت أدوات البحث في المقاييس الآتية: مقياس أساليب مواجهة الضغوط النفسية، ومقياس الضغوط النفسية. وخلص البحث الى عدم وجود علاقة ارتباطية بين أساليب المعايشة والضغوط النفسية لدى عينة من مرضى الربو المزمن. كما توصل البحث الى ان الأناث يعانين من ضغوط نفسية أكثر من الذكور. اما في أساليب المعايشة المركزة على المشكلة كانت لصالح المراهقة المتوسطة حيث كانوا اكثر استخداماً لهذه الأساليب مقارنة بالمراهقة المبكرة، وأخيرًا وجدت الباحثة فروقًا ذات دلالة في أساليب المعايشة المركزة على الانفعال تبعًا للحالة الاقتصادية تعود إلى الفرق بين الوضع الاقتصادي المرتفع والمنخفض، وكانت لصالح الحالة الاقتصادية المرتفعة. ويعني ذلك أنه كلما كان المريض يتمتع بوضع اقتصادي جيد ارتفع استعماله لأساليب المعايشة المركزة على الانفعال.
[Cyber Algorithms in Protecting Network Systems and Detecting Attacks]
Authors: Al-Otaibi Abdulrahman Hajed .F.
Published: December 2024

This research reviews. The role of cyber algorithms. In protecting network systems and detecting cyber attacks. With the increasing variety of threats targeting networks. It has become necessary to develop innovative technologies to combat sophisticated attacks. Algorithms, especially machine learning, are prepared. Neural networks are among the most prominent tools used to detect anomalous patterns and analyze data traffic. This research shows how to apply these algorithms to detect abnormal patterns in network traffic, aiding in the early detection of attacks. DoS, DDoS, DNS Spoofing algorithms are used to analyze large amounts of data collected. of the network, identify unusual behavioral patterns that may indicate an attack. Algorithms also rely on classification techniques such as. SVM, Random Forest to determine if. The monitored activities were suspicious, and the research discusses the importance of improving the performance of algorithms to ensure responsiveness and efficiency in environments. Live networks. By applying these algorithms. The impact of cyber attacks can be minimized. on networks. sensitive, enhancing DNS security. (DNS) and networks in general. The research aims to provide effective solutions to improve cybersecurity, identify current challenges, and suggest ways to develop algorithms to keep pace with the evolution of attack methods
مروری براستفاده از روش‌های بیوتکنالوژی جهت حفاظت نباتات در مقابل امراض ویروسی و حشرات
Authors: لمر ګل څانګه
Published: December 2024

ویروس‌های نباتی باعث ایجاد بیماری در انواع مختلف محصولات زراعتی مهم می‌شوند و از این‌رو باعث بروز تهدیدی برای امنیت غذایی و اقتصاد جهانی نیز هست. معرفی ایمنی گیاهان در برابر ویروس‌ها  اهمیت زیادی دارد. استفاده از روش‌های بیوتکنالوژیک، شامل  مکانیسم دفاعی در برابر ویروس‌ها در نباتات زراعتی یکی از ستراتیژی‌های جای‌گزین قدرت‌مند در نظر گرفته شده است. برعلاوه حشرات نیز از مهم‌ترین منابع آسیب برای  تولید مواد غذایی بوده است. استفاده از آفت‌کش‌ها باعث مقاومت در برابر آفت‌کش‌ها و اثرات منفی دیگر برای انسان و محیط زیست شده است که این باعث شده است تا محققین راهای مؤثری برای کنترول حشرات را جستجو نمایند. بیوتکنالوژی روش‌های مؤثری را ارایه نموده است. از آن‌جمله بررسی حاضر ستراتیژی‌های موجود برای ایجاد مقاومت در نباتات در برابر ویروس‌ها و نقش پوش پروتین در آن، روش‌های مؤثر در کنترول حشرات و نقش جین کرای در آن را تشریح می‌کند.
انکشافات اخیر در اشکال دوایی‌هایدروجیل مورد استفاده در تداوی موضعی
Authors: ژکفر آقامحمد , حسینی ماریا
Published: December 2024

در استفاده اشکال دوایی معمولی برای تداوی موضعی امراض، محدودیت‌های زیادی وجود دارد، طوری‌که دوا‌ها سریعاً از محل ‌تأثیر برطرف شده و دارای میسریت بیولوژیک کم‌تر می‌باشند و به این ترتیب تحویل‌دهی آن‌ها به شکل غیر مؤثر انجام می‌شود. هایدروجیل‌ها منحیث اشکال دوایی جدید، قادر هستند بر بسیاری محدودیت‌های مرتبط با اشکال دوایی معمولی غالب شوند. اشکال دوایی ‌هایدروجیل، شبکه‌های پولیمیری‌ هایدروفیلیک هستند که از پولیمیرهای خاص طبیعی و سنتتیک ساخته شده اند. این اشکال دوایی قادر اند که مقدارهای زیادی آب را جذب و دوا‌ها را به شکل کنترول‌شده منتشر بسازند. هدف از این مقاله مروری که از مآخذ معتبر علمی استفاده شده است، مروری بر انکشافات اخیر در اشکال دوایی‌ هایدروجیل مورد استفاده در تداوی موضعی می‌باشد. به اساس یافته‌ها چنین نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که‌ هایدروجیل‌ها می‌توانند با جذب آب، دوا‌ها را به شکل کنترول شده منتشر نمایند و از این اشکال دوایی در تداوی موضعی قسمت‌های سطحی بدن (جلد، چشم‌ها، انف و جوف مهبل) استفاده می‌گردد.
مرور اجمالی بر انتی‌اکسیدانت‌های طبیعی و مصنوعی
Authors: پولادیان کیومرث
Published: December 2024

انتی‌اکسیدانت به هر ماده‌یی که در غلظت کم اکسیدیشن پروتئین‌ها، کاربوهایدریت‌ها، لیپیدها و DNA را به تأخیر بیندازد، اطلاق می‌شود. انتی‌اکسیدانت‌ها مرکباتی استند که می‌توانند از آسیب به حجرات ناشی از مالیکول‌هایی به نام رادیکال‌های آزاد جلوگیری کنند. رادیکال‌های آزاد توسط پروسه‌های فیزیولوژیکی طبیعی مانند میتابولیزم تولید می‌شوند؛ اما می‌توانند توسط عوامل محیطی مانند آلوده‌گی، تشعشع و دود سیگرت نیز تولید شوند. زمانی که رادیکال‌های آزاد در بدن انباشته می‌شوند، باعث اکسیداتیو استرس شده که می‌توانند به حجرات، پروتئین‌ها و DNA آسیب برسانند. انتی‌اکسیدانت‌ها به شکل طبیعی در منابع مختلف غذایی مانند میوه‌جات، سبزی‌جات، حبوبات و لبنیات یافت می‌شوند. انتی‌اکسیدانت‌های مصنوعی در لابراتوار‌ها سنتیز شده که در برخی موارد فعالیت انتی‌اکسیدانتی بیشتری را نشان ‌می‌دهند، اما در وقت مصرف از احتیاط کار گرفته شود؛ زیرا دارای سمیت استند. در این مقاله در باره انتی‌اکسیدانت‌ها، پروسه‌مرتبط به آن‌ها، میکانیزم دفاعی انتی‌اکسیدانت‌ها و انواع انتی‌اکسیدانت‌ها بررسی صورت می‌گیرد.
بررسی تأثیرات منفی امواج الکترومقناطیسی بالای انساج انسان و روش‌های محافظت از آن‌ها
Authors: محمدی زمان
Published: December 2024

امواج الکترومقناطیسی امواج هستند که برای انتشار نیاز به محیط مادی ندارند و از دو ساحه عمود بر هم یعنی ساحه های برقی و مقناطیسی تشکیل شده اند، امواج الکترومقناطیسی می‌توانند تأثیرات منفی را بالای انساج انسان­ها وارد نمایند و سبب تخریب آن‌ها گردند. در این مقاله که مروری مقایسوی می‌باشد سعی شده است که تأثیرات منفی امواج الکترومقناطیسی بالای انساج انسان مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. از تأثیرات منفی امواج الکترومقناطیسی می‌توان به کم شدن حس بینایی، ضعف و خستگی، افزایش ضربان قلب، بی‌حوصلگی، کاهش قدرت یادگیری، ایجاد بعضی انواع از سرطان‌ها و غیره اشاره کرد. اهداف و اهمیت این مقاله توضیح این مورد که؛ به‌طور کلی نمی‌توانیم از تأثیرات امواج الکترومقناطیسی خود را دور نگهداریم؛ ولی بعضی اصول و مقررات وجود دارند که باعث می‌شوند تأثیرات منفی امواج الکترومقناطیسی بالای انساج کم‌تر گردد، از جمله این اصول و مقررات می‌توان از کاهش زمان تماس با اشعه، کوتاه کردن مکالمات روزمره، دور نگهداشتن موبایل در هنگام خواب و غیره نام گرفت.
Spatial Analysis of the Challenges of Informal Settlements Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS): A Case Study of the Thirteenth District, Kabul
Authors: Stanikzai Ali Kaihan , Sadeq Mohammad Seddiq , Halimee Mohammad Kamil
Published: December 2024

Recent decades of challenges such as wars, large-scale migrations, and rapid population growth have created numerous urban problems in Afghanistan, particularly in Kabul. One significant issue is the proliferation of informal settlements, which presents multiple challenges for residents. Limited research has addressed the problems and improvement strategies for these areas. This study focuses on District 13 of Kabul as a case study to identify fundamental problems and propose appropriate approaches. The research utilizes field observations and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to collect and analyze data. Findings indicate that lacking infrastructure and facilities leads to various issues, including health and education problems and limited access to essential urban services in these areas. This article proposes a dual approach of informal settlement upgrading and urban redevelopment to improve conditions in these areas, including enhancing infrastructure and resettling affected residents as part of the upgrading strategy.
د کابل ښار د هوا په ککړتیا کمونه کې د سمسورو سیمو او ښاري ځنګلونو رول ته کتنه
Authors: صافی لطف الله
Published: December 2024

د دې څېړنې موخه د کابل ښار د هوا د ککړتیا په کموالي کې د ښاري ځنګلونو او شنو ځایونو رول ته کتنه ده. موندنې ښیي چې د دې ښار هوا د کیفیت (AQI) شاخص ارزښت له ۳۰۰ څخه تر ۵۰۰ پورې رسېږي چې خطرناک او  نا روغتیايي ګڼل کېږي. په ښار کې ودانیزه ساحه په دولسو کلونو کې (۷۲.۱ +) سلنه زیاته شوې او شنه فضا (۲۷.۱-) سلنه کمه شوې، چې د ښار د هوا ککړتیا یې لا ډېره کړې ده. ځنګلي ونې پر سړکونو، پارکونو، واټرشد فارمونو او د ادارو انګړنو کې کرل شوې دي. د دې ښار د وګړو لپاره یوازې ۵ مربع متره شنې سیمه شته. نو د هوا کیفیت ښه والي، د شین پوړیزو ګازونو د کمونې او د اقلیم د ښه کولو لپاره د ښاري ونو کرل او زرغونتیا یواځینۍ ارزانه او اغېزمنه لار ده، چې د کابل په ښار کې باید پلې شي.
د کرهڼيز صکوک له لارې د قوشتېپې کانال په شا و خوا کې د کرهڼيزو عملیو تمویل
Authors: عمري نجیب الله
Published: December 2024

گران هېواد مو کرهڼيز او خاوره يې ښه حاصلخیزه ده؛ نو  د کرهڼې سکټور تقویه او پرمختګ مو د ځان بساینې ضامن جوړېدای شي. د خپلې کرهڼې د میکانیزه کولو په موخه د نورو کوټلو ګامونو تر څنګ د اسلامي نظام د اقتصاد د پیاوړتیاهغه میکانیزمونه هم د توجه وړ دي، چې د معاصرې نړۍ په ځانګړي توګه د اسلامي هېوادونو اقتصادي پرمختګ تومنه جوړوي، چې یو له هغو څخه صکوک دی. صکوک د مالي او بانکي سکټورونو لپاره هغه مطمئن، محفوظ، تضمین شوې او د تبادلې وړ وسیلې دي، چې تجارتي بازار کې له وګړو د اضافې شتمنۍ د جلب او جذب برخه کې ترې کار اخیستل کېږي. دې ډله کې یو شمېر صکوک لکه مزارعة، مساقاة او مغارسة د کرهڼيز ډګر لپاره کارول کېږي. دې مقاله کې هڅه شوې چې د همدې صکوک شرعي څرنګوالی، ماهیت، عملي کړنلاره او تخنیکي جوړښت د هېواد اقتصادي وضعیت او د کرهنې ډګر کې د اړتیاوو په نظر کې نیولو سره د قوشتیپې کانال شا او خوا کې په عملي ډول وڅېړل شي. دې مالي وسیلو کې کرهڼيز فعالان لکه : کرهڼيز بانکونه، شرکتونه، یا هم اړوند ډګر کې فعال بنسټونه؛ برابره خبره ده چې دولتي یا خصوصي شرکتونه وي، کولای شي د پورته فقهي عقودو پر بنسټ صکوک صادر، د پانګه والو پانګه جذب اود دوي لخوا یې وکالتا د دریم مالي منځګړي بنسټ پر مټ د یوه منظم میکانیزم له مخې د کانال د خوا او شا ځمکو په اخیستلو یا اجاره کولو سره  کرهڼيز فعالیتونو کې مصرف او له دې لارې تر لاسه شوې ګټه د لګښتونو له وضع کولو وروسته د صکوکو د حاملینو تر منځ د پانګې په تناسب ووېشي.
بهبود تولیدات زراعتی گلخانه‌ای بر کاهش فقر در دهات ولایت فراه
Authors: نوری احمد ضیا , همتی محمد رسول , بهزاد رحیمی پرویز
Published: December 2024

کاهش فقر یکی از الزامات اساسی و شاخص‌های مهم دست‌یابی به انکشاف پایدار در مناطق روستایی محسوب می‌شود. با توجه به چالش‌هایی؛ مانند بیکاری، محدودیت منابع آبی، مهاجرت نیروی کار و کاهش قدرت خرید خانواده‌ها، حمایت از بخش تولیدات زراعتی اهمیتی بیش از پیش پیدا کرده است. تولیدات زراعتی گلخانه‌ای می‌تواند نقشی کلیدی در افزایش اشتغال، درآمد، و بهبود سبد مصرفی خانواده‌ها ایفا کند. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر بهبود تولیدات زراعتی گلخانه‌ای بر کاهش فقر در مناطق روستایی ولایت فراه انجام شده است. روش تحقیق به‌صورت میدانی و اسنادی بوده و ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرسش‌نامه می‌باشد. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی گلخانه‌داران فعال منطقه بوده که تعداد آن‌ها 1500 نفر است. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و سطح خطای 5 درصد، 306 گلخانه‌دار تعیین شده است. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS و به‌کمک روش‌های آماری توصیفی و استنباطی، از جمله رگرسیون خطی ساده، تحلیل شده‌اند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که بهبود تولیدات گلخانه‌ای تأثیر مثبتی بر کاهش فقر اقتصادی (شاخص‌هایی چون اشتغال، درآمد، و سبد مصرفی خانواده‌ها) دارد و ضریب همبستگی 0.64 رابطه‌ی قوی و مثبت را نشان می‌دهد. همچنین، شاخص فرصت‌های شغلی با ضریب 1.33 و فرصت‌های سرمایه‌گذاری با ضریب 0.54 بیشترین تأثیر را در کاهش فقر روستایی داشته‌اند.
تأثیر سطوح مختلف انرژی قابل سوخت‌وساز و مکمل مس-متیونین در خوراک بر عملکرد مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار
Authors: جنتی عنایت الله , ضیا ضیاء الدین
Published: December 2024

هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف انرژی قابل سوخت‌وساز و مکمل مس-متیونین در خوراک بر عملکرد مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار است. در این پژوهش، 144 قطعه مرغ تخم‌گذار لگهورن نژاد نیک‌چیک در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل 3×3 با طرح پایه CRD با 9 تیمار، 4 تکرار و 4 قطعه مرغ در هر تکرار استفاده شدند. داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده از این آزمایش با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SAS نسخه 9.1 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. مکمل مس-متیونین می‌تواند به‌عنوان ترکیبی مؤثر برای بهبود عملکرد مرغ‌ها هنگام استفاده از خوراک‌های دارای مقادیر بالای انرژی در مدیریت گله‌های مرغ تخم‌گذار به کار رود. انرژی یکی از عوامل اصلی تعیین‌کننده میزان خوراک مصرفی در پرندگان است و در مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار بالغ، انرژی عامل اصلی کنترل تولید تخم‌مرغ محسوب می‌شود. نتایج نشان داد که در طول دوره آزمایش، تأثیر سطوح مختلف انرژی قابل سوخت‌وساز و مکمل مس-متیونین در خوراک بر خوراک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل غذایی معنی‌دار بود (05/0P<)، اما بر سایر صفات عملکردی تأثیری معنی‌دار نداشت (05/0P>). همچنین، تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر حجم تخم‌مرغ و ضریب تبدیل غذایی معنی‌دار بود (05/0P<)؛ اما بر سایر صفات عملکردی تأثیر معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0(P>.
ارزیابی مناسب بودن زمین فارم تحقیقاتی بادام باغ برای گندم آبی
Authors: سحبانی مرحبا , دویرند محسن
Published: December 2024

ارزیابی مناسب بودن زمین به هدف تعین درجه مناسب بودن زمین مشخص برای نوع خاص استفاده از زمین مورد نظر صورت می­گیرد. این مطالعه در فارم تحقیقاتی بادام باغ با درنظرداشت ۱۵ پروفایل و با استفاده از طریقه پارامتریک (فورمول جذری) برای ارزیابی زمین منطقه مورد مطالعه برای گندم آبی انجام گردید. خصوصیات زمین به اساس مطالعات و بررسی­های ساحوی و مطالعات لابراتواری تعین گردیدند. برای تعین مشخصات اقلیمی از دیتای ده ساله که از FAO به دست آمده بود، استفاده شده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی اقلیم منطقه مورد مطالعه، اقلیم هیچ نوع محدودیتی را برای کشت گندم ایجاد نمی­کند. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی کیفی مناسب بودن زمین نشان داد که پروفایل­های ۱ و ۷ برای کشت گندم بدون محدودیت می­باشند و در صنف S1 قرار گرفتند. بنا بر محدودیت­های چون تکسچر و pH خاک؛ پروفایل­های ۳، ۵، ۶ و ۸ در صنف S2، پروفایل­های ۲، ۴، ۹، ۱۰، ۱۱، ۱۲ و ۱۳ در صنف S3 و پروفایل­های ۱۴ و ۱۵ در صنف نا مناسب (N) قرار دارند.
Research on the Mode of E-Commerce Assisting Agricultural Innovation and Entrepreneurship under the Background of Platform Economy—A Case Study of E-Commerce Assisting Farmers in Wenchuan County
Authors: Shiqi Liang  , Hui Cheng
Published: December 2024

This paper takes the case of e-commerce aiding agriculture in Wenchuan County as an example to analyze the specific practices and economic benefits of e-commerce aiding agriculture in Wenchuan County. It is discovered that there exist problems such as backward infrastructure construction, shortage of skilled talents, and insufficient market credibility in e-commerce aiding agriculture in Wenchuan County. According to the innovation theory and in combination with the background of platform economy, this paper puts forward strategies and suggestions such as innovating the supply of industrial space, strengthening the introduction and cultivation of talents, and guaranteeing the quality and safety of agricultural products, with the aim of providing references for the development of rural e-commerce.
Study on the Economic Effects of Opening Up Guangxi Higher Education to the ASEAN
Authors: Fu Bingbing , Lan Zihong , Sun Sui
Published: December 2024

With the promotion of the “Belt and Road” Initiative, education cooperation between China and ASEAN countries has increased, highlighting the opening of education to the outside world. In this context, exploring the opening-up pattern of higher education to ASEAN countries and the regional differences it shows, as well as the positive catalytic effect of international student mobility on regional economic development, is particularly urgent and important. By using CiteSpace, we find that the economic effect of opening up higher education to the outside world has become the focus of academic attention. Closely following this hotspot, this paper analyses the current situation of Guangxi's higher education in opening up to ASEAN countries and finds that although Guangxi has achieved initial results in attracting international students from ASEAN countries, there is still much room for improvement in terms of improving the quality of education and teaching and enhancing economic attractiveness. Moreover, opening up to ASEAN countries not only directly promotes the growth of Guangxi's outward foreign direct investment but also greatly promotes mutual benefits and creates a win‒win situation between the two sides in many fields, such as education and cultural exchanges and economic and trade exchanges. Given this, the government should promote trade and investment facilitation, encourage RMB settlement, promote the integration of industry and education clusters, and create an innovation highland for higher education openness and cooperation toward ASEAN countries.
The Influence of Employee Mindfulness on Customer Satisfaction under the Background of Platform Economy
Authors: Li Ziying , Cheng Hui
Published: December 2024

Employee mindfulness can help improve employee engagement and customer satisfaction. In order to further reveal the action path of employee mindfulness and the influence of related factors, this paper reviews the internal action mechanism of employee mindfulness from the perspective of platform economy. By combing the action mechanism of the four core variables of employee mindfulness, state gratitude, work flow and customer satisfaction, a complete employee mindfulness action path is constructed to provide theoretical support and practical inspiration for enterprise managers, and help enterprises adapt to the changes of The Times and achieve healthy and sustainable development.
COUNSELING ON "THE IMPORTANCE OF STORYTELLING TO THE CLOSEST PEOPLE FOR THE ELDERLY" IN BANDARHARJO VILLAGE, NORTH SEMARANG DISTRICT, SEMARANG CITY
Authors: Almubarok Wihda , Wihartati Wening
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explore the importance of telling stories to the people closest to the elderly in Bandarharjo Village, North Semarang District. Using a qualitative approach which includes in-depth interviews and observations, this research focuses on elderly people aged 60-82 years who are active in Posyandu Lansia. Data was collected to explore older adults' experiences of sharing stories and the impact on their emotional well-being. The research results show that sharing stories not only helps elderly people express feelings and reminisce about memories, but also serves as a means of reducing feelings of loneliness and increasing a sense of connectedness with those closest to them. This research emphasizes the importance of social support and good communication in improving the quality of life of older people, and provides insight into how simple activities such as telling stories can contribute to their mental and emotional health.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA A CRIAÇÃO DA ROTINA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Torres Eliane de Oliveira , Floriano Auriélia Coelho Isaque , Silva Regina Andrade , Silva Robério Batista , Silva Denise Cavalcanti da , Pereira Joselma Lima , Araújo Maria Eliete Ribeiro de , Alencar Cláudio
Published: December 2024

This work aims to debate the importance of routine in Early Childhood Education. It seeks to bring how authors in the area take a stand on the matter, to point out what contributions the routine brings to children and teachers in the school institution and to reflect its relevance to the teaching and learning process. The methodological approach adopted was qualitative through bibliographic review such as books, scientific articles and periodicals centered on the theme. The research dialogues with studies by theorists such as: Fazolo (2017), Fraboni (2019), Horn (2009), Kramer (2007), Kuhlmann Jr (2013), Oliveira (2012), Perroti (2010), Vygotsky (2014), Zabala (2019), among others. In this sense, we believe that the highlighted theme is of great relevance for the study of Early Childhood Education, since the routine in school life provides predictability for children, bringing greater security to the knowledge construction process. This work has great relevance when discussing the routine for children in Early Childhood Education, as it leads teachers to reflect on their teaching practice and consider routine as an essential part of the teaching and learning process.
Assessing Public Perception, Awareness, and Knowledge of Biotechnology in Pakistan: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ahmed Saad , Atique Hamna , Atique Hafsa , Ishtiaq Nida , Ishtiaq Kiani Haris , Khan Mahum , Fahad Shabbir Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aims to explore the perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge of the Pakistani population towards biotechnology and to identify the demographic factors influencing these perceptions.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 2023 to December 2023. Participants were categorized based on demographics such as age, gender, education, and residency. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and ANOVA, were performed to identify associations between familiarity with biotechnology and demographic factors.
Results: Two-thirds of the participants were from urban areas, with the largest age group being 18-25 years (44.4%). 69.1% of respondents reported familiarity with biotechnology, but only 18% could accurately define it. A significant association was between familiarity and education level (p < 0.05). Support for biotechnology applications was higher in healthcare (84%) compared to the food industry (46%), with ethical concerns and perceived risks noted by a subset of the population.
Conclusion: The study revealed high levels of familiarity with biotechnology among the Pakistani population, influenced by education and socioeconomic factors. However, ethical concerns and risks remain prevalent. Strategic investments, public education, and regulatory reforms are essential to harness biotechnology’s potential for societal and economic benefits. This research in Pakistan identifies critical knowledge gaps and underscores the importance of further studies to deepen understanding and guide policy development.
UNDERSTANDING MULTICULTURALISM: REFRACTION ON POLITICAL CULTURE OF MODERN INDIA
Authors: Basumatary Babul ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science,  Bijni College, Chirang, BTR,  Assam, India
Published: December 2024

In the history of evolution of state system in India, multicultural characteristic is found as a significant element in the policy of political administration. Since time immemorial, diverse social groups constituted on traditional institutions like, race, caste, linguistic, religious, ethnicity, cultural, regional and sub-regional etc. have been living in Indian territory. The geographical location, history, and the evolution of social structures in greater Indian society have contributed to the emergence of a unique multi-cultural identity that have produced its diversity. The diversity is later integrated by political administration. Even though India is having diverse nationality with dissimilar social lives of people, it has been surviving as a Indian nation state. So, in the academic study it is very significant to understand how the political practitioners have been maintaining to retain India as a multicultural state. The present paper has made an attempt to rediscover on how multiculturalism have become the legacy of Indian state. It also tries to make an exploration about challenges, opportunity and the future of Indian multicultural state.
Optimizaton quality of Agar Gracilaria verrucosa Seaweed with different density in extensive polyculture system
Authors: A.R. Rahim , D.R. Utami , S. Budi
Published: December 2024

The polyculture system was used to increase the productivity of extensive brackishwater
ponds to produce optimal agar with varying densities of three commodities: milkfish,
Vannamei shrimp, and Gracilaria verrucosa. This study aims to obtain the optimal density
of the three commodities in extensive brackishwater ponds with polyculture systems to
produce the best agar quality for G. verrucosa. The research was conducted in the expanse
of the Polyculture System Extensive brackishwater Pond in Lamongan Regency. The study
used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 density treatments (milkfish m-2 :
Vannamei shrimp m-2 : G. verrucosa g m-2) and 3 replicates: A (10:10:250), B (20:20:500),
and C (30:30:1000). Statistical analysis uses one way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance),
while Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) and Path Analysis use Pearson
Correlation. The results showed that the best density obtained in treatment A gave a
significant difference from treatments B and C in producing Specific Growth Rate,
Absolute Weight, Absolute Length, Carbon Content, and quality of agar rendementing the
best of seaweed G. verrucosa. From the path analysis, CNP nutrients and the growth of G.
verrucosa seaweed have a strong and very strong influence to improve the quality of agar
rendementing G. verrucosa seaweed.
First occurrence of two Blennidae fishes from Vellar Estuary, Southeast coast of India
Authors: S. Iyyappan , M. Subramaniyan , S. Ragul , M. Thangaraj
Published: December 2024

Two Omobranchus punctatus (Valenciennes,1836) and one Omobranchus ferox (Herre,
1927) were collected for the first time from the oyster bed ecosystem of Vellar estuary,
Tamilnadu. Omobranchus ferox is well distinguished by the presence of a vertical crest
posterior of the eye, also Omobranchus punctatus is easily recognized by the presence
of horizontal stripes from the posterior operculum to the caudal peduncle; the head
region has no cirri or spikes and dorsal fins base with yellow spots. The two species
were confirmed at a molecular level by the DNA barcoding technique.
The comparative growth and survival of juvnile tropical oyster (Magallana bilineata, Roding, 1798) using different intensive nursery systems
Authors: A.T.S. Hwai , Z Yasin , N. Nilamani , N. Razalli , N. Syahira , N Ilias , N.A.M Darif , A. Jaya-Ram , S.P. Woo , W.C. Poh
Published: December 2024

The bottleneck of the oyster industry worldwide is imposed by the limitation in oyster seed supply
and long culture cycles. In developing technology seed production for hatchery seed production to
the commercial plant scale, the main challenge lies not only in getting the D- hinged larvae to the
settling stage (eyed larvae) but also in growth and survival rates of the juvenile oysters to
economically viable levels. Subsequently, efforts are concentrated on research designed at defining
optimal conditions for growth and survival of the juvenile oysters cultured using different intensive
rearing systems. The nursery systems used in this project are modified and refined technologies
used by most hatcheries in the world. Attention is focused on developing oyster seeds or juvenile
oysters with good growth and survival rate. Different systems of intensive nursery systems to
obtain juveniles with regular shape and size were used. The systems applied in this project were the
down-welling system, up-welling system, the rain-down system and the “coke-bottle” system. All
these four systems produced cultchless spat, which grew into single oysters. The results of the
survival of juveniles (from 1 week to 4 weeks) using different nursery systems showed that the best
survival and highest growth rate was observed in the up-welling system (89.3±7.3%), followed by
the rain-down system (76.5±4.1%) and coke-bottle system (72.2±12.0%). The down-welling
system showed the lowest survival rate. This may be due to the down-flowing water of the system
that made it difficult for the water to flow efficiently in the system, with the juveniles blocking the
nitex screen. In general, there are no significant differences in the up-welling system, rain-down
system and coke-bottle system for culturing the smaller juveniles. The survival of juveniles (from 4
weeks to 2 months) using different nursery systems showed the best survival, and the highest
growth was observed in the Coke-bottle system (93.2 ± 9.1%), followed by the up- welling system
(85.6± 7.4%). The down-welling system showed the lowest survival rate. The coke-bottle system
showed the highest survival rate because of its flow of water moving upwards in a narrower
diameter (compared to the up-welling system), which enables the juveniles to be rotated regularly
in the system and the food to be distributed evenly in the system.
New geographic site records for Artemia in Iran
Authors: A. Nekoueifard , M. Hafezieh , R. Manaffar , M. Khezri
Published: December 2024

The last distribution map of different Artemia populations in Iran dates back to 2006,
which reported the identification of Artemia from 17 different geographical areas. Iran
climate changes and Artemia compatibility to new environments, reinforce the importance
of the study of its new habitats. In this study, in addition to introducing three new habitats
for Artemia, scientific information on the species and population characteristics of Artemia
found from these new habitats was presented. Moreover, cyst samples were recorded and
stored in the cyst bank of National Artemia Research Center, Urmia, Iran. Cyst samples
collected from three new areas of Iran including Qazvin, Behshahr and Khoy were
transferred to the laboratory for general biometric study of cysts, molecular studies and
species differentiation by examining the nucleotide diversity of the COI-mtDNA region
and the marker of the Na/K ATPase pump. The results showed that the identified Artemia
were all bisexual and in terms of species, the Artemia found in Behshahr region was
Artemia sinica and those found in Qazvin-Abyek and Khoy-Qotur were A. urmiana. The
mean diameter (mean ± standard deviation) of the Artemia cyst in Behshahr region was
significantly different from that of the other two regions (p<0.05). The largest cyst
diameter was related to A. sinica from Behshahr region (280.53±19.64 μm) and the
smallest cyst diameter was related to Artemia in Khoy-Qotur region (255.15±5.51 μm).
For the first time, the isolation and identification of A. sinica in Behshahr and A. urmiana
in Qazvin and Khoy were reported in Iran. The reason for the presence of Artemia in these
areas seems to be the presence of nearby fish farms, which may have used Artemia as a
live food for larvae, from which Artemia cysts spread out and became a permanent habitat
of the reported areas in recent years.
Effect of dietary dehydrated sour lemon peel (Citrus limon) powder on metabolic enzymes, serum biochemistry and stress status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juvenile
Authors: R Akrami , H Chitsaz , Z Ahmadi
Published: December 2024

Lemon peel is by-products contain bioactive compounds that has beneficial effects on
fish health. A 45-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential of dietary
dehydrated lemon peel (Citrus limon) powder (DLPP) on metabolic enzyme, serum
components and stress status of rainbow trout juvenile (initial weight of 26.8±1.9 g). Fish
were randomly stocked to four treatments feeding diets containing 0 (control), 0.5, 1.5,
and 2.5% of DLPP diets in triplicates. At the end of feeding experiment, metabolic
enzyme (Alkaline phosphatase; ALP, Aalanine transaminase; ALT, Aspartate
aminotransferase; AST), serum biochemistry (cholesterol, triglyceride, protein and
albumin) and stress (glucose and cortisol) were assessed. There was no significant
difference in fish growth performance between treatments (p>0.05). Fish fed with 1.5%
of DLPP showed a significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride (p<0.05).
Moreover, serum protein and albumin were improved in fish fed with 1.5% and 0.5%
DLPPP, respectively (p<0.05). The highest of AST, ALP and ALT were observed in
control group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in cortisol and glucose of
fish between the treatments (p>0.05). Finally, it seems that the inclusion of 0.5 and 1.5%
DLPP in diet can improve metabolic enzymes, biochemical parameters and reduced
stress of rainbow trout juvenile.
Developing Self-Confidence Through Intrapersonal Leadership
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: December 2024

Self-confidence is an essential leadership trait that can be cultivated through intentional practices. This article explores four key strategies to strengthen self-assurance: mindfulness and self-compassion to calm the mind and foster self-kindness, embracing imperfection and viewing mistakes as growth opportunities, continuously developing competence through learning and challenge, and shifting focus outward towards helping others rather than inwardly ruminating on inadequacies. By committing to these pragmatic methods, individuals can build the adaptive mindset and behaviors that enable professional and personal fulfillment, particularly as organizations prioritize employee well-being and development.
Aportación al conocimiento de los Pyraloidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) del Parque Natural de la Serranía de Cuenca (Cuenca, España)
Authors: Garre Manuel , Rubio Rosa María , Guerrero Juan José , Girdley John , Ortiz Antonio S.
Published: December 2024

A checklist of 22 species of Pyralidae and 19 species of Crambidae recorded in the Serrania de Cuenca Natural Park are presented, nine of which are cited for the first time for the province of Cuenca. The presence of Chrysocrambus dentuellus is confirmed and the Iberian distribution of Epischnia castillella is extended. Biogeographically, Eurasiatic and Mediterranean elements (48.8%, in both cases) are the most common.
IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPROVING ENGLISH LANGUAGE ABILITY WITH KHODAM (KOGNITIF, DEMONSTRATIF, MANDIRI) BASED ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Munfadlila Asef Wildan , Perdana Andi
Published: December 2024

In the current era of globalization, English language proficiency is a critical requirement, particularly for individuals who aspire to enhance their competitiveness in the job market or education sector. Nevertheless, numerous individuals continue to encounter challenges in obtaining the necessary resources to effectively acquire the English language. The objective of this community service activity is to enhance multimedia-based English skills by providing innovative, interactive, and intensive training. This program is intended to establish an engaging and accessible learning environment by incorporating multimedia technology, including interactive videos, computer-based simulations, and learning applications. An introduction to multimedia tools, ongoing mentoring, and direct training sessions comprise the implementation method. The activity is intended for the general public, which includes students, laborers, and housewives, who require assistance in enhancing their English communication abilities. The improvement of participants' abilities is assessed through initial and concluding tests. As well as participants' motivation to learn, the outcomes of the activity demonstrated substantial enhancements in their English listening, speaking, reading, and writing abilities. Consequently, this program significantly enhances the English language proficiency of the community by employing a multimedia-based methodology.
Estrategias pedagógicas inclusivas para la enseñanza de los niños con discapacidad física en la I.E Paulo VI
Authors: Vergara Bello Claudia Elena , Vanessa Alexandra De Alba Hernández
Published: December 2024

Este articulo se centra en las estrategias pedagógicas inclusivas para la enseñanza de los niños con discapacidad física en la I.E Paulo VI ubicada en el municipio de Lorica- Córdoba, Colombia. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación fue de enfoque cualitativo con el tipo de diseño fenomenológico. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo proponer estrategias pedagógicas inclusivas para la enseñanza de los niños con discapacidad física. La población seleccionada fue la comunidad educativa de la Institución Educativa antes mencionada y la muestra conformada por 2 estudiantes con discapacidad física, 2 docentes, 2 directivos y 2 padres de familia. El presente artículo evidenció resultados positivos, obteniendo concientizar a la comunidad educativa sobre la importancia de la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas inclusivas para la enseñanza de los niños con discapacidad física en la Institución Educativa Paulo VI de Lorica, Córdoba.
GERMANIY AJRATIB OLISH BO‘YICHA QIDIRUV TADQIQOTLARNI O‘RGANISHNING TAHLILI
Authors: Shodiyev Abbos Ne’mato‘g‘li , Qarshiboyev Sherzod Begmamato‘g‘li , Yormatov Doston Ashirmato‘g‘li
Published: December 2024

This article investigates germanium extraction technologies, including pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical methods, and sorption selective leaching used in germanium enrichment processes. Experiments on germanium extraction during slag sorption leaching achieved an efficiency of 93%. It was observed that the degree of germanium extraction decreases with increasing alkali concentration. The results provide an essential foundation for implementing a highly efficient technology.
ŞEMSETTİN GÜNALTAY HÜKÜMETİ’NDE BİR BAKAN: ULAŞTIRMA BAKANI İSMAİL KEMAL SATIR
Authors: Erdoğan Muhibbe
Published: December 2024

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulduğu günden beri en önem verdiği konu ulaştırmadır. Çünkü ulaştırma, ilerlemek isteyen her devletin ulaştırmaya önem vererek her yeniliği ülkenin en ücra noktasına götürmek gibi bir görevi vardır. II. Dünya Savaşı esnasında siyasi hayata giriş yapan İsmail Kemal Satır, kısa sürede parti içinde yükselerek Ulaştırma Bakanı olmuştur. Asıl mesleği doktor olan bir insanın Ulaştırma Bakanlığı’nda başarılı olup olamayacağı merak konusudur. Çünkü bu alan Satır için tecrübesinin olmadığı bir sahadır. Ayrıca Satır, çok partili hayata yeni geçen Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi(CHP) ve Demokrat Parti(DP) arasındaki ilişkilerde de aktif rol oynaması gerekmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada Satır’ın, demiryolu, denizyolu ve havayolu hakkındaki düşünceleriyle birlikte DP ile ilişkilerdeki rolü de konumuza dâhil edilmiştir. Özellikle ulaştırma alanında bu dönemde yaşanan yolsuzluklar ve yurt dışı olaylar da dikkatle incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızda arşiv kaynakları, TBMM tutanakları, gazeteler, anı kitapları ve bilimsel eserlerden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmamızda konu içinde yer alan olaylar Satır’ın gözünden inceleneceği için TBMM tutanak dergisi, gazeteler ve anı kitaplarından sonra bilimsel eserlerden yararlanıldığı görülecektir. Böylelikle çalışmadan elde edilecek sonuçlar döneme mikro bir katkı sunacaktır.
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in the Customer Care Center of One Revenue Collecting Agency in the Philippines
Authors: Cuevas Ayessa Aira , Tamayo Ma. Rosario
Published: December 2024

This study aims to assess the quality of service and customer satisfaction on the services rendered by the Customer Care Center (CCC) of the BOC-Port of Manila, with regard to tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy; to identify the factors affecting customer satisfaction; to test the significant difference in the quality of service and customer satisfaction when respondents were grouped according to profile; to test the significant relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction and between customer satisfaction and factors affecting it; and to propose an action plan to enhance customer satisfaction. The study employed a descriptive method of research utilizing an adopted questionnaire for the assessment of service quality and customer satisfaction and a self-made questionnaire for the factors affecting customer satisfaction. The study’s findings revealed that the service quality of POM-CCC with regard to tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy is very high. Likewise, they are highly satisfied with the services provided by the POM-CCC with regard to the same values. On the other hand, they strongly disagree on the factors affecting customer satisfaction at the POM CCC. Further, there was a significant difference in the service quality when grouped according to profile with regard to assurance and empathy when grouped according to employment type. There was also a significant difference in customer satisfaction when grouped according to profile with regard to transaction type and employment type. It was found out that those who are in the document receiving/releasing and authorized representatives are more satisfied. Moreover, a moderate direct correlation was observed between service quality and customer satisfaction. This means that a significant difference exists and implies that the better the quality of the service, the more that the customers are satisfied. A significant relationship also exists between customer satisfaction and factors affecting it and implies that the more satisfied, the lesser problems encountered. Lastly, an action plan is proposed to enhance customer satisfaction at the POM CCC of the BOC.
Sign Language Translator via Smartphone Image Analysis using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Torres John Carlo , Alday Roselie
Published: December 2024

This study presents the design and implementation of a smartphone-based image processing system aimed at translating sign language gestures into text in real-time. The primary objective was to create a platform that enhances communication between deaf individuals and non-sign language users through the accurate recognition of sign language gestures. Using Kotlin programming and MediaPipe, the system captures and processes gestures, converting them into readable text. The results demonstrated that the system is capable of recognizing and translating various sign language gestures with a high degree of accuracy and efficiency. The successful deployment of this system highlights its potential to break down communication barriers and offers a foundation for future improvements, including expanded sign language support and performance optimization for real-world applications.
Inclusive Classroom, Space Design, and Academic Performance of Teachers in A China Comprehensive University
Authors: Fang Hu , Caiga Beverly
Published: December 2024

This research explored the complex relationships between inclusive classroom design, spatial flexibility, and teacher academic performance, while addressing the growing need for a better understanding of how these variables interact, especially in relation to demographic factors such as age, experience, and subject specialization. Utilizing a descriptive research method, the study aimed to offer insights into the foundational connections between these elements, with the goal of informing strategies for creating more effective teaching environments.The findings revealed significant disparities based on demographic factors, with younger teachers, those in STEM fields, and urban-based faculty demonstrating higher levels of academic productivity and engagement in classrooms designed to promote inclusivity and flexibility. The research also underscored the generally positive impact of well-designed classroom spaces on overall teaching quality, but it highlighted concerns regarding the limitations of rigid classroom layouts, which may hinder dynamic teaching methods.Moreover, the study found a strong correlation between flexible spatial design and teacher engagement, indicating that as classroom environments became more adaptable, teachers were more likely to employ diverse instructional techniques, ultimately enhancing their academic performance. Consequently, the research proposed several recommendations for the improvement of inclusive classroom design, urging universities to prioritize investment in flexible, accessible, and technology-enhanced learning spaces that can support the varied teaching needs of faculty members. These insights contribute to the broader discussion on improving academic outcomes through thoughtful space design, offering valuable guidance for comprehensive universities in China as they seek to enhance both teaching effectiveness and overall academic performance.
English Learning Anxiety, Learner Engagement, And Intervention Strategies Among Chinese Undergraduates
Authors: Wei Huang
Published: December 2024

This study determined the relationships among English learning anxiety, learner engagement, and intervention strategies to propose a language learning program to improve the teaching quality and learning effect among Chinese undergraduates. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method and selected 477 undergraduates from a Chinese university to participate in an online questionnaire survey. The research conducted a pilot test to ensure reliability.

The findings indicated that women were more inclined to participate in the survey and the respondents decreased with higher grades. Liberal arts students had the highest participation due to the higher proportion of female students in liberal arts, science, and engineering. The results showed a positive and supportive attitude towards English learning anxiety, learner engagement, and intervention strategies among Chinese EFL undergraduates. Regarding English learning anxiety, it is found that anxiety in communication is higher than anxiety in the negative evaluation and English classroom, which implies that the language learner has anxiety in English learning, especially in communication. Cognitive and emotional engagement are more important than behavioral engagement. The findings suggest that cognitive and emotional engagement promotes English learning effectiveness far beyond behavioral engagement. Concerning intervention strategies, respondents considered classroom intervention to be more important than behavioral intervention and cognitive intervention. It was found that the higher the English learning anxiety, the lower the learning engagement; the higher the English learning anxiety, the higher the intervention strategies; and the higher the learner engagement, the lower the intervention strategies.

Therefore, the study offered recommendations to various stakeholders. This includes policymakers, curriculum designers, college language teachers and learners. A language learning program has been proposed to strengthen language teaching and learning among Chinese undergraduates.
Kontruksi Spiritual Quotient dan Implikasinya dalam Belajar: Suatu Analisis Psikopedagogis
Authors: Suriana Suriana , Walidin Warul , Gade Syabuddin , Mahmud Salami
Published: December 2024

Spiritual quotient is the awareness and activation of faith as a natural potential in interpreting life with the value of worship which is raised through moral attitudes and behavior in a balanced and perfect manner. However, the current phenomenon is that spiritual quotient seems to be underestimated and not important to develop in the learning process.  This study seeks to explore how spiritual constructs influence motivation, learning quality and personal development of individuals by considering psychological and pedagogical factors, by conducting desk research. This method allows for the collection of data from various literatures, such as books, documentary materials, magazines, journals and newspapers. This research uses a qualitative approach, which emphasizes the analysis of the comparative inference process and the dynamics of the relationship between observed phenomena. spiritual quotient can be defined as religious encouragement and stimulation which is the potential of human nature brought from birth. In the Islamic concept, spiritual quotient has 5 dimensions, namely fitrah, spirituality, tawhid, morals, and istiqamah practice. Furthermore, in the learning process, spiritual quotient can foster students' intrinsic motivation, build emotional maturity, and increase focus and calmness in students' hearts. The role of the teacher in developing this spiritual quotient is to be a role model, create a spiritually-based learning environment, integrate spiritual values, and encourage self-development.