bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPECIFIČNE KARAKTERISTIKE MIŠIĆA OPRUŽAČA NOGU KOD VRHUNSKIH ODBOJKAŠA OBA POLA U SRBIJI
Authors: Ivanović Jelena , Gajević Aco , Dopsaj Milivoj , Aksović Nikola , Dragosavljević Slavko
Published: February 2024

Adekvatna priprema mišića opružača nogu je veoma važna, posebno u sportovima koji uklјučuju nekoliko različitih tehnika izvođenja skokova. Podaci o karakteristikama sila – vreme određene mišićne grupe su osnovni podaci o sposobnosti sportiste koji se prikuplјaju u cilјu kontrole fizičke pripremlјenosti. Cilј ovog rada je bio da se utvrde deskriptivne i polne razlike različitih specifičnih izometrijskih karakteristika modela sila-vreme vezanih za mišiće opružače nogu kod elitnih igrača odbojke u Srbiji. Devetnaest muških (visina=199,21±4,94 cm, masa=91,05±6,95 kg, starost=22,58±2,97 godina) i dvadeset ženskih (visina=184,65±7,00 cm, masa=70,65±6,15 kg, starost=22,92±3.73 godine) igrača odbojke su radili standardizovani izometrijski “leg press test” kako bi se procenile karakteristike izometrijske sile mišića opružača nogu. Opseg merenja je bio definisan sa 8 (osam) varijabli prema 4 (četiri) različite dimenzije: 1) nivo postignute sile, 2) brzina razvoja sile, 3) vreme potrebno za dostizanje određenog nivoa sile, 4) različiti parametri indeksa; prostor osnovnih, specifičnih i specijalnih karakteristika mišićne sile mišića opružača nogu. Analizom MANOVA je utvrdjeno da postoji značajna razlika od p 0,05 u svim kontraktilnim karakteristikama među posmatranim subuzorcima na nivou Vilks´ Lambda 0,098, F = 25,814, p = 0,000. Rezultati su pokazali da odbojkaši ostvaruju veće vrednosti od odbojkašica u svim kontraktilnim karakteristikama u prostoru specifičnih i specijalnih karakteristika mišićne sile mišića opružača nogu. Velika je verovatnoća da se ove razlike ne mogu objasniti samo na osnovu polnih razlika, već na osnovu ukupnog intenziteta i obima i/ili vrste treninga snage i mišićne jačine tokom trenažnog procesa - faktora koji zaslužuju obraćanje posebne pažnje u trenažnom radu sa sportistima. Dobijeni podaci se mogu koristiti kao povratna informacija o karakteristikama kontraktilnih sposobnosti pojedinih mišića opružača nogu kod vrhunskih odbojkaša i odbojkašica u cilјu praćenja njihove fizičke pripremljenosti, kao i kontrole i optimizacije samog trenažnog procesa.
SPONZORSTVO U SPORTU
Authors: Gavrilović Ana , Selenić Uroš , Dragosavljević Slavko
Published: February 2024

Sponzorstvo kao oblik propagande i direktan način komuniciranja kompanije sa svojom ciljnom grupom potrošača predstavlja značajan deo savremenih marketing strategija tržišnih aktera. Da bi neka kompanija zabeležila značajan uspeh na svakom, globalnom, regionalnom, nacionalnom, pa čak i lokalnom tržištu, potrebno je da se razlikuje od konkurenata, stvara konkurentnu prednost, uliva iskrenost i poverenje kod kupaca i poseduje određenu dozu ekskluzivnosti. Sponzorstvo čini jedan od najjednostavnijih oblika marketing odnosa za ostvarivanje programa, ciljeva i predstavlja najznačajniji izvor finansijskih sredstava kako za mnoge vlasnike sportskih klubova, tako i za organizatore sportskih događaja i sportiste. Klasična propaganda (advertajzing), već zastarelim i neefikasnim metodama to zasigurno ne može ostvariti. Taj vid komuniciranja se sve više pokazuje kao nedovoljno efikasan zbog svoje agresivnosti, neubedljivosti i indirektnog odnosa sa potencijalnim potrošačima. U ovom radu su predstavljeni tipovi i primeri sponzorstva u sportskoj industriji, kao način na koji direktan kontakt sa ciljnom tržišnom grupom, ekskluzivnost i povezivanje u javnosti sa sponzorisanom aktivnošću, uliva sigurnost i poverenje kod potrošača. Uspeh je skoro zagarantovan, pogotovo ako i sponzorisani događaj, organizacija ili pojedinac ostvare zapažene rezultate.
МOTIVISANOST UČENIKA OSNOVNE ŠKOLE ZA FIZIČKO VASPITANЈE U SLOBODNO VRIJEME
Authors: Njegovan Jovana , Mikanović Brane
Published: February 2024

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita da li i u kojoj mjeri socio-pedagoška obilježja učenika starijeg osnovnoškolskog uzrasta doprinose stepenu motivisanosti učenika za fizičko vaspitanje u slobodnom vremenu. Definisana socio-pedagoška obilježja učenika su: pol, razred koji pohađaju, školski uspjeh i uključenost učenika u vanškolske sportske aktivnosti. Populaciju čine učenici Osnovne škole “Branko Ćopić” Prnjavor (Republika Srpska, Bosna i Hercegovina). Uzorak čini ukupno 133 učenika od toga je: 45 (33,80%) učenika petih razreda, 42 (31,60%) učenika sedmih razreda i 46 (34,60%) učenika devetih razreda. U tu svrhu realizovano je kvantitativno istraživanje. Definisani zadaci istraživanja predstavljaju fundamentalne segmente problema i predmeta istraživanja. U istraživanju je primjenjen samostalno kreiran petostepeni skaler Likertovog tipa „Stavovi učenika za fizičko vaspitanje u slobodno vrijeme“ uz pomoć kojeg se utvrđivala procjena motivisanosti učenika za fizičko vaspitanje u slobodnom vremenu. Analizom relijabilnosti dobio se zadovoljavajući nivo pouzdanosti α=0,92. Uz pomoć anketnog upitnika „Anketni upitnik za učenike“ došlo se do saznanja o socio-pedagoškim obilježjima ispitanika, te na koji način učenici provode svoje slobodno vrijeme i koji je vremenski interval koji imaju u toku dana za slobodne aktivnosti. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da je motivisanost učenika osnovne škole za fizičko vaspitanje slaba. Blagi stepen motivacije za fizičko vaspitanje primjećen je tek kod vrlodobrih učenika.
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF OFFICERS' RELATIONS TOWARDS SPORTS AND SPORTS ORGANIZATIONS FROM 1882 TO 1941 IN THE KINGDOM OF SERBIA, KINGDOM OF SHS, AND KINGDOM OF YUGOSLAVIA
Authors: Savić Zvezdan , Stojanović Nikola , Savić Đorđe , Prebeg Goran
Published: February 2024

The paper deals with the connection between sports, sports organizations, and military officer staff, pointing out certain connections and consequences. Many officers who graduated from the Military Academy performed the highest government duties in various fields (they were predominantly present in sports and sports institutions, but also physical education classes), which proves that the officers influenced not only the development and progress of the then armies in which they served but also the state and the institution as a whole. Using the historical method, we investigated the relationships between sports, sports organizations, and officers, as well as the influence of society on these relationships. Current historical research indicates that there is an unbreakable and practically significant connection between the activities of army members of different countries from our area (the Kingdom of Serbia, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenians, and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) and sports and sports organizations in the form of common interests and goals. Through theoretical and critical analysis, the paper explores those relationships and points to officers' strong influence and efforts in forming and operating sports clubs and spreading the Olympic idea in the mentioned countries.
THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING ON THE CARDIORRESPIRATORY PARAMETERS OF ADOLESCENTS WITH EXCESSIVE BODY WEIGHT
Authors: Stanišić Srećko , Bjelica Bojan , Setiawan Edi
Published: February 2024

The aim of the systematic review is to comprehensively evaluate the existing literature on the effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory parameters in overweight adolescents. The literature search was performed using the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Papers were selected based on parameters: year of publication, type of intervention, age group of respondents. HIIT interventions lasting 2-24 weeks, three times a week consistently provide improvements in cardiorespiratory parameters in obese adolescents. HIIT interventions have a positive effect on cardiorespiratory parameters in overweight adolescents.
Yemen's Houthis (Ansar Allah): impact of the Iranian proxy force on security in the region (in light of the crisis in the Red Sea)
Authors: Gonta Semen Nikolaevich , Ivanov Nikolai Aleksandrovich
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of the Yemeni pro-iranian rebel group “Ansar Allah” (also called the Houthis) in the context of the maritime navigation crisis through the Red Sea that emerged at the end of 2023, which continues to this day. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the activities of the Houthi group to effectively block most of the maritime traffic through the Red Sea have already caused significant economic damage, and the very safety of maritime navigation along the shortest route from Asia to Europe has actually been called into question. The object of the study is the Yemeni movement “Ansar Allah” (Yemen Houthis movement). The subject of the study is the activities and influence of the Houthi group on the international economy and the safety of maritime navigation through the Red Sea. The research methodology is based on general scientific research methods (content analysis, classification), as well as on special historical methods (narrative, historical-genetic). The scientific novelty of the article lies in a detailed analysis of the events of the crisis in the Red Sea, which began at the end of 2023 and is currently ongoing. The authors' particular contribution to the study is description of the activities of the Houthi movement in the Red Sea in the period from December 2023 to January 2024. Separately, the authors analyze the degree of influence of the crisis on Russia and possible ways to overcome it. In conclusion, the authors conclude that Iran, with the help of its proxy forces, was actually able to block an important sea route for international trade, as well as cause serious economic damage to Western countries and Israel. And the consequences of such damage could ultimately affect the rest of the world.
Research on multi-dimensional micro-motion feature extraction of moving targets
Authors: Chen Si , Zhang Hai-Yang , Jin Fa-Hong , Wang Lin , Zhao Chang-Ming ,   School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Published: February 2024

The micro-Doppler effect is a physical phenomenon generated by the micro-motion of objects and their components, which have a significant influence on improving radar detection and resolution capability and also enhancing the radar imaging and target recognition performance. The extraction of micro-Doppler frequency, as a commonly used time-frequency analysis tool, is of great significance in extracting and reconstructing the signal with micro-motion targets. The micro-motion characteristics for moving targets can be verified by using simulation through combining the theory of micro-Doppler effect with the frequency domain model of electromagnetic waves. The simulation research on the micro-motion characteristics of a three-dimensional target is conducted by using the finite element method. The influences of environmental conditions such as relative humidity, visibility, and the presence or absence of turbulence on echo intensity and time-frequency relationship are investigated theoretically. The simulation results indicate that parameters such as relative humidity and visibility, which affect the atmospheric attenuation coefficient, can reduce echo intensity and the period of time-frequency curve. By triggering off beam drift in the transmission path, turbulence can lead to “frequency shift deformation” of the time-frequency curve, degrading the extraction of target motion attitude. A motion attitude classification method is proposed in order to study the micro-Doppler effect better. According to whether the frequency shift changes with time, the motion attitude can be divided into frequency shift time-invariant motion and time-variant motion. Frequency shift time-variant motion includes translation, rolling and vibration. Vibration and rolling are motions that periodically change with time, requiring the comparison of instantaneous frequency shifts at any three times within a cycle. Translation is a time-variant motion with irregular frequency shifts over time, which involves studying instantaneous frequency shifts at any three times. Transient frequency shifts should be analyzed and compared at different times for these motions. The frequency shift time-invariant motion is mainly rotation obtained experimental results indicate that the amplitude, plus-minus, and spectral width of frequency shift at different positions are aimed at inverting the target shape, attitude, direction and velocity. Demodulating one-dimensional data obtained from the FFTshift function can obtain the time-frequency-intensity relationship. This multi-parameter analysis method is a multi-dimensional processing method widely used in the fields of radar, sonar, and communication. The above research is conductive to the measurement of target macroscopic shape properties and the extraction of microscopic motion information, which lays the foundation for radar detection and recognition.
Phosphorylation, disorder, and phase separation govern the behavior of Frequency in the fungal circadian clock
Authors: Tariq Daniyal , Maurici Nicole , Bartholomai Bradley M. , Chandrasekaran Siddarth , Dunlap Jay C. , Bah Alaji , Crane Brian R.
Published: February 2024

Circadian clocks are composed of molecular oscillators that pace rhythms of gene expression to the diurnal cycle. Therein, transcriptional-translational negative feedback loops (TTFLs) generate oscillating levels of transcriptional repressor proteins that regulate their own gene expression. In the filamentous fungus
Neurospora crassa,
the proteins
F
requency (
F
RQ), the
F
RQ-interacting RNA helicase (FRH) and
C
asein-Kinase I (CK1) form the
FFC
complex that represses expression of genes activated by the White-Collar complex (WCC). A key question concerns how FRQ orchestrates molecular interactions at the core of the clock despite containing little predicted tertiary structure. We present the reconstitution and biophysical characterization of FRQ and the FFC in unphosphorylated and highly phosphorylated states. Site-specific spin labeling and pulse- dipolar ESR spectroscopy provides domain-specific structural details on the full-length, 989- residue intrinsically disordered FRQ and the FFC. FRQ contains a compact core that associates and organizes FRH and CK1 to coordinate their roles in WCC repression. FRQ phosphorylation increases conformational flexibility and alters oligomeric state but the changes in structure and dynamics are non-uniform. Full-length FRQ undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to sequester FRH and CK1 and influence CK1 enzymatic activity. Although FRQ phosphorylation favors LLPS, LLPS feeds back to reduce FRQ phosphorylation by CK1 at higher temperatures. Live imaging of
Neurospora
hyphae reveals FRQ foci characteristic of condensates near the nuclear periphery. Analogous clock repressor proteins in higher organisms share little position-specific sequence identity with FRQ; yet, they contain amino-acid compositions that promote LLPS. Hence, condensate formation may be a conserved feature of eukaryotic circadian clocks.
Factorized visual representations in the primate visual system and deep neural networks
Authors: Lindsey Jack W. , Issa Elias B.
Published: February 2024

Object classification has been proposed as a principal objective of the primate ventral visual stream and has been used as an optimization target for deep neural network models (DNNs) of the visual system. However, visual brain areas represent many different types of information, and optimizing for classification of object identity alone does not constrain how other information may be encoded in visual representations. Information about different scene parameters may be discarded altogether (“invariance”), represented in non-interfering subspaces of population activity (“factorization”) or encoded in an entangled fashion. In this work, we provide evidence that factorization is a normative principle of biological visual representations. In the monkey ventral visual hierarchy, we found that factorization of object pose and background information from object identity increased in higher-level regions and strongly contributed to improving object identity decoding performance. We then conducted a large-scale analysis of factorization of individual scene parameters – lighting, background, camera viewpoint, and object pose – in a diverse library of DNN models of the visual system. Models which best matched neural, fMRI and behavioral data from both monkeys and humans across 12 datasets tended to be those which factorized scene parameters most strongly. Notably, invariance to these parameters was not consistently associated with matches to neural and behavioral data, suggesting that maintaining non-class information in factorized activity subspaces is preferred to dropping it altogether. Thus, we propose that factorization of visual scene information is a widely used strategy in brains and DNN models thereof.
NetTCR 2.2 - Improved TCR specificity predictions by combining pan- and peptide-specific training strategies, loss-scaling and integration of sequence similarity
Authors: Jensen Mathias Fynbo , Nielsen Morten
Published: February 2024

The ability to predict binding between peptides presented by the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules and T-cell receptors (TCR) is of great interest in areas of vaccine development, cancer treatment and treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the scarcity of paired-chain data, combined with the bias towards a few well-studied epitopes, has challenged the development of pan-specific machine-learning (ML) models with accurate predictive power towards peptides characterized by little or no TCR data. To deal with this, we here benefit from a larger paired-chain peptide-TCR dataset and explore different ML model architectures and training strategies to better deal with imbalanced data. We show that while simple changes to the architecture and training strategies results in greatly improved performance, particularly for peptides with little available data, predictions on unseen peptides remain challenging, especially for peptides distant to the training peptides. We also demonstrate that ML models can be used to detect potential outliers, and that the removal of such outliers from training further improves the overall performance. Furthermore, we show that a model combining the properties of pan-specific and peptide-specific models achieves improved performance, and that performance can be further improved by integrating similarity-based predictions, especially when a low false positive rate is desirable. Moreover, in the context of the IMMREP 2022 benchmark, this updated modeling framework archived state-of-the-art performance. Finally, we show that combining all these approaches results in acceptable predictive accuracy for peptides characterized with as little as 15 positive TCRs. This observation thus places great promise on rapidly expanding the peptide covering of the current models for predicting TCR specificity. The final NetTCR 2.2 models are available at https://github.com/mnielLab/NetTCR-2.2, and as a web server at https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/services/NetTCR-2.2/.
Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid Mesotherapy Using a Novel Device versus Topical Tranexamic Acid in Patients with Melasma: Protocol for a Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Kashikar Yash , Madke Bhushan , Singh Adarshlata , Meghe Soham , Rusia Kaveri
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Melasma is a widely prevalent acquired condition characterised by gray-brown pigmentation with a predilection on the face, affecting the quality of life. Tranexamic Acid (TXA) has been used for managing melasma orally and topically, while mesotherapy is a well known modality in cosmetology. Need for the study: There is a paucity of literature comparing the efficacy of topical and intralesional microinjections of TXA. A novel device (Meso-Ice®) has recently been commercialised for mesotherapy, working on the principle of electroporation technology for drug diffusion, which has not yet been evaluated for managing melasma using TXA. Aim: To compare the efficacy of TXA mesotherapy using the novel device versus topical TXA in patients with melasma. Materials and Methods: This is a randomised clinical trial assessing the comparative efficacy of Group 1: Mesotherapy using the novel device with TXA injection (4 mg/mL) and Group 2: Topical TXA gel (3%) for treating melasma. The severity of melasma will be assessed using the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) at baseline, four weeks, and eight weeks. Oneway Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) will be used to compare intra-group variables, and the paired t-test will be used for inter-group comparison. A p-value of <0.05 will be considered significant.
Assessment of Oncosurgical and Functional Outcomes in Patients undergoing Glossectomy for Advanced Carcinoma Tongue: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre in Northern India
Authors: Sundram Shivangi , Arora Anshika , Nandi Sourabh , Saini Sunil
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Tongue carcinoma presents a global oncological challenge due to its aggressive nature and late-stage diagnosis. Glossectomy, a key surgical procedure for advanced cases, significantly affects both cancer control and essential functions such as speech and swallowing. Aim: To analyse the impact of different glossectomy types on oncological and functional outcomes in patients with advanced carcinoma of the tongue. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Uttarakhand, India over a one-year period from September 1, 2022, to August 31, 2023. The study included 47 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral and posterior tongue who underwent glossectomy. Oncological outcomes (mortality and hospital stay) and functional outcomes (swallowing, speech, dysphagia, and Quality of Life (QoL)) were assessed. The questionnaires used were the EORTC Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC questionnaire for the assessment of QoL in head and neck cancer patients (EORTC QLQ-H&N35), M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and Speech Handicap Index (SHI). Follow-up was conducted at the 6th week to assess changes in the functional aspects compared to the baseline scores. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel, and the analysis was performed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25.0. The data were analysed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study comprised 37 (78.72%) males and 10 (21.28%) females, with a mean age of 47.77±12.6 years. Preoperative staging indicated that 22 (46.81%) patients had T2N0 stage, 16 (34.04%) patients had T3, and 9 (19.15%) patients had T4a disease. Among the patients, 14 (29.79%) underwent partial glossectomy, 27 (57.45%) underwent hemiglossectomy, and 3 (6.38%) underwent subtotal glossectomy, and 3 (6.38%) underwent total glossectomy. The mean duration of hospital stay was 10.09±2.87 days. There were no instances of mortality or tumour recurrence at the 6th week. Regarding the functional outcomes, compared to baseline, at the 6th week, there was a significant decrease in EORTC QLQ-H&N35 median scores from 6.94 to 1.73 (p=0.005), but no significant change in the mean EORTC QLQ-C30 (90±8.22 versus (vs) 89.72±8.52, p=0.368), mean MDADI (4.51±1.2 vs 4.43±1.19, p=0.585), and mean SHI (15.81±25.76 vs 13.43±26.19, p=0.052). Conclusion: It can be inferred that glossectomy for advanced carcinoma of the tongue leads to a significant improvement in symptoms; however, the overall Quality of Life (QoL) and functions of the tongue such as swallowing and speech remain comparable to pre-surgery levels.
Attitude of Rural Youth towards Agriculture as a Source of Livelihood in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Sreelakshmi. C  , Verma R. K. , Jhajharia Arvind Kumar
Published: February 2024

The research paper spotlights the attitude of rural youth towards agriculture as a source of livelihood. Agriculture forms the crux of the socio-economic development of the country and source of livelihood to majority of the rural life. The youth are the ideal catalyst to change the status of persons involved in farming, especially in the rural communities given their greater possibility to adapt new ideas, concept and technology which are important to change the way farming is practiced and perceived. Despite this, migration of rural youth to other sectors in search of other lucrative jobs has resulted in decreasing participation of rural youth in agriculture. This has several implications for the future of Indian agriculture and India’s food security. It is imperative to find out the reasons for growing disinterest of youth to be involved in agriculture. The present study was carried out in 300 rural youth respondents in Jaipur and Alwar districts of Rajasthan using purposive sampling mehod.. The data were collected by using a well-structured interview schedule.  Results revealed that majority of rural youth had neutral attitude (66.67%) followed by 17.67 per cent had highly unfavourable attitude and 15.67 per cent had highly favourable attitude towards agriculture. This, in turn, to attract and retain young people in rural areas, positive attitude toward agriculture among rural youth needs to be developed.
Anti-Arthritic, Anti-Inflammatory, Thrombolytic, Membrane Stabilizing, Antifungal and Cytotoxic Activity of Polyscias scutellaria Leaf Extract: An In-vitro Analysis
Authors: Akter Jakiya , Shomudro Hasib K. , Chowdhury Sadia A.
Published: February 2024

The objective of this investigations was to evaluate in Vitro anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antifungal and cytotoxic activities from the methanolic leaf extract of Polyscias scutellaria. Primary evaluation of methanolic extract of Polyscias scutellaria leaf (MEPSL) was performed via phytochemical screening. Presence of Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates and reducing sugars were observed by phytochemical screening, among other secondary compounds. Using in vitro methods of protein denaturation, the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties of MEPSL was investigated. The results showed that the extracts significantly slowed down arthritis and inflammation with the percent inhibition of 94.59% and 86.33% at the conc. of 1000 µg/mL compared to the standard diclofenac sodium (98.19%) and acetyle salicylic acid (98.56%) at same concentration respectively. The thrombolytic activity of the extracts was additionally examined by clotlysis method, and the results showed that the ability to break up blood clots increased with the amount of extract used with the value of 97.32% which is very significant compared to the standard streptokinase which showed clotlysis of 91.304%. MEPSL was also showed action that stabilized membranes by using heat induced hemolysis method, which could be helpful in treating conditions like bleeding and swelling with the percent of protection value of 58.87% when compared to standard diclofenac sodium with the percent of protection value 73.63%. Antifungal action was also seen, which shows that it could be used to treat diseases caused by fungi with the zone of inhibition 7-36 mm varying on the type of fungi. Lastly, in vitro method was used to investigate the extracts' damaging effect on Artemia salina by using shrimp lethality assay. The results showed significant cytotoxicity with the LC50 value of 1.057 µg/mL compared to the standard vincristine sulphate (LC50 value of 0.608 µg/mL). To sum up, it is clear that the phytochemical found in this plant can be used for wide range of drug discovery field due to its potent pharmacological actions.
Transgressive Segregation Analysis in F3 Generation in MUNG BEAN [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Nayak P. K. , Khatik C. L. , Rajput S. S. , Gupta D. , Dalip  , Sukhjot  , Alka  , Komal
Published: February 2024

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate twelve crosses of mungbean genotypes for eleven characters to access the magnitude of genetic variability and to understand the heritable component of variation for grain yield and its component traits. All the 12 crosses were grown in compact family block design with three replications in each of two environments during kharif, 2022. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the families for grain yield and all other traits in both the environments. On the other hand, differences among the progenies within a family varied from character to character and environment (E1) to environment (E2).  In each of the crosses under study, the seed yield per plant was transgressed simultaneously with one or several other characters. Interestingly, some important and rare transgressive segregants, though low in frequency, were picked up in different crosses. In addition, there were several such combinations of characters in which seed yield per plant was transgressed in conjugation with transgression with other agronomic characters. The details of these rare and critical transgressive segregants are presented in Table 4. In E1 the promising transgressive segregants identified were C2P5-7, C2P5-13, C1P4-2, C11P5-6, C11P5-10, C7P4-12, C7P4-13, C3P2-2, C3P2-3, C3P2-5. In E2 the promising transgressive segregants identified were C1P4-10, C1P1-6, C1P5-6, C1P5-10, C12P5-5, C12P1-14, C7P5-7, C11P5-6, C11P5-7, C11P5-10, C10P5-12. The majority of the individuals, whenever increasing parent seed yield per plant was transgressed; there was simultaneous transgression for one or more other yield contributing characters like clusters per plant, pods per cluster, pods per plant, pod length and primary branches per plant, plant height.
Pathogenicity and Molecular Analysis of Fusarium Isolates in Nendran and Grand Naine
Authors: Vinith S. , Sendhilvel V. , Karthikeyan G. , Raveendran M. , Raghu R.
Published: February 2024

Fusarium wilt, a devastating disease, poses a significant global threat to the banana industry. This study is aimed to assess the host susceptibility and pathogenicity of Fusarium isolates in tissue-cultured Nendran and Grand Naine banana varieties. Eight isolates were acquired from the Department of Plant Biotechnology at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. Among the eight isolates tested, S-6, S-32G, S-56 and S-67 produced disease symptoms in both Nendran and Grand Naine varieties. Subsequently, the pathogen was reisolated from infected tissues displaying vascular discoloration. While the isolate S-6 produced 66.67% of disease incidence in both the varieties, S-32G, S-56 and S-67 produced 100% disease incidence in Nendran and Grand Naine. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense pathogen, with an amplicon observed at 260 bp. Furthermore, non-pathogenic isolates may potentially exert direct or indirect effects on pathogenic strains, offering prospects for disease control.
Evaluation of Functional Outcome of Arthroscopic Capsular Release in Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)- A Research Study from North India
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Farooq Munir , Agarwal Sharat
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Frozen shoulder is a disabling and painful condition that is commonly managed in the primary care setting. Frozen shoulder has a protracted natural history that usually ends in resolution. It is a condition characterised by functional restriction of both active and passive shoulder motion for which radiographs of the glenohumeral joint are essentially unremarkable except for the possible presence of osteopenia or calcific tendonitis.

Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the functional outcome of arthroscopic release of capsule in adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder).

Materials and Methods: A prospective study conducted on patients diagnosed as having frozen shoulder. A total of 25 patients were taken who underwent Arthroscopic capsular release.

Results: The mean forward elevation improved from 100.52 to 156.60 at final follow up. Mean abduction improved from 97.12 to 156.36 at final follow up. Mean external rotation 32.76 to 38.96 at final follow up. Mean internal rotation 18.88 to 37.0 at final follow up. The mean UCLA score improved from 13.16 to 32.16 at final follow. Excellent results were seen in 12 patients (48%), Good in 8 patients (32%), Fair in 4 patients (16%) and Poor in 1 patient (4%).

Conclusion: Arthroscopic release of capsule in frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) is a safe and effective procedure with very few complications. It gives further advantage of evaluating any glenohumeral joint and subacromial pathology & rapid rehabilitation is possible in comparison to open procedures.
Interpersonal Communication in Maintaining Marital Harmony : Ethnographic Study of Married Couples Aged 15-20 Years in Bekasi
Authors: Sarasati Fitri , Helen Olivia  , Abdul Latief  , Achmad Budiman Sudarsono
Published: February 2024

Being married for 15-20 years is not easy. Various challenges experienced by couples can reduce marital harmony – the importance of good communication between couples to keep the relationship from being damaged. This research uses Relational Maintenance Theory. This qualitative research uses the post-positivism paradigm and ethnographic methods, data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and literature studies. The result of this study is that husband and wife often get differences in how to educate children, communication problems, and differences in character and culture. Communication is the first way couples solve problems, such as continuing to communicate using media when their partner is in a bad mood. Married couples also take several ways to maintain their marital relationship, such as openness, assurance, sharing duties, joint activities, and complementarity and understanding. Interpersonal communication carried out by married couples with a marriage age of 15-20 years is quite good, and they can maintain the harmony of their marriage to date.
The Effectiveness of Using Neymar Jr. as a Brand Ambassador for Mister Potato Products on Instagram Social Media
Authors: Budialim Ronaldo , Goenawan Felicia
Published: February 2024

Mister Potato, a prominent potato chip brand originating from Malaysia, was established in 1992 and has since secured its position as the leading snack choice in Malaysia. As part of its 30th-anniversary celebrations, Mister Potato proudly appointed the globally renowned football athlete Neymar Jr. as its brand ambassador. This study endeavors to evaluate the efficacy of Neymar Jr. in his role as the brand ambassador for Mister Potato. Employing a survey method facilitated through the Likert scale, the researchers collected responses until reaching a sample size of 100 respondents. The assessment of effectiveness was carried out using the VisCAP model. The outcomes of this research unequivocally affirm the effectiveness of Neymar Jr. as a brand ambassador for Mister Potato.
How Followers Perceive Local Brands: A Case Study of a Food & Beverage Industry’s Instagram Account
Authors: Immanuel Yovan , Widjaya Paramita
Published: February 2024

This study analyses a local Surabaya-based cafe and explores its branding through media activity, particularly on Instagram. As Instagram is a widely used social media platform in this day and age, businesses have also tried to expand their reach through said medium. The objective of this research is to find out through this local cafe, whether or not marketing one’s brand (awareness) through Instagram is effective. This is measured through the brand theory and consumer knowledge theory. This research also employs the marketing public relations theory. Data was collected through distributing questionnaires to 110 respondents using purposive random sampling. The questions used in the questionnaire are all based on brand elements as well as factors in consumer knowledge. Based on the researchers’ calculations, the level of knowledge of consumers regarding this local cafe is considered high, thus for this particular cafe, using Instagram as a medium to do marketing communication and increasing brand awareness is considered as effective.
Pola Akomodasi Komunikasi antara Pembimbing dan Klien Beda Budaya di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Manokwari Guna Percepatan Reintegrasi
Authors: Lande Marlien , Bahfiarti Tuti , Farid Muh.
Published: February 2024

Klien pemasyarakatan merupakan narapidana yang menjalani sisa masa pidananya di luar Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Klien pemasyarakatan selama menjalani sisa masa pidana diawasi dan dibimbing oleh Balai Pemasyarakatan (Bapas).  Pengawasan dan pembimbingan dilakukan oleh Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan Balai Pemasyarakatan (PK Bapas) untuk memastikan klien dapat kembali ke masyarakat (reintegrasi) dan tidak lagi melakukan tindak pidana. Klien yang dibimbing tidak hanya dengan latar belakang budaya yang sama melainkan juga yang berbeda. Faktor bahasa yang digunakan PK dan klien saat berkomunikasi merupakan satu hal yang juga perlu diperhatikan dari pelaksanaan bimbingan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola akomodasi komunikasi antara pembimbing kemasyarakatan dan klien pemasyarakatan beda budaya di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Manokwari guna percepatan reintegrasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara dan pengamatan non-partisipan serta studi dokumentasi/kepustakaan untuk mengumpulkan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembimbing kemasyarakatan dan klien melakukan akomodasi komunikasi pada saat berinteraksi agar informasi yang diterima jelas serta memperoleh hasil yang efektif untuk klien dapat kembali ke masyarakat.
Strategi Impression Management Calon Presiden 2024 dalam Tayangan “3 Bacapres Bicara Gagasan” di Kanal YouTube Najwa Shihab Menurut Masyarakat Gen-Z di Surabaya
Authors: Prayogo Daniel Budiman , Tanuwijaya Darren , Shambhala Rachel Helensky , Witarsa I Putu Poundra Lois Putra
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat strategi impression management yang digunakan oleh 3 Calon Presiden 2024 dalam tayangan “3 Bacapres Bicara Gagasan” di kanal YouTube Najwa Shihab menurut Gen-Z. Impression management adalah proses seorang individu dalam membentuk kesan yang diinginkan dari orang lain terhadap dirinya. Strategi yang digunakan adalah milik Jones & Pittman (1982) dengan indikator: ingratiation, intimidation, self-promotion, exemplification, dan supplication. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan kuesioner sebagai instrumen pengambilan data dan pengukuran data menggunakan skala Guttman. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 464.166 Gen-Z yang ada di Surabaya, berusia 17-26 tahun, dan telah menonton tayangan “3 Bacapres Bicara Gagasan” di kanal YouTube Najwa Shihab. Sampel penelitian menggunakan rumus Yamane yang berjumlah minimal 100 responden. Dalam penelitian ini, sampel responden yang diambil sejumlah 139. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Gen-Z melihat kecenderungan strategi impression management yang digunakan oleh 3 Calon Presiden tersebut adalah ingratiation, yaitu strategi seseorang untuk dianggap baik dan positif di mata orang lain. Sedangkan, strategi yang paling jarang digunakan adalah intimidation dan supplication, yaitu strategi yang membentuk kesan berbahaya dan strategi yang menunjukkan sisi inferioritas dari individu tersebut.
Sikap Generasi Z Tentang Video “3 Bacapres Bicara Gagasan” di Channel Youtube Najwa Shihab
Authors: Shambhala Rachel Helensky , Witarsa I Putu Poundra Lois Putra , Prayogo Daniel Budiman , Tanuwijaya Darren
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap generasi Z tentang video “3 bacapres bicara gagasan” di channel youtube Najwa Shihab. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai teknik pengumpulan data serta skala likert untuk pengukuran data penelitian. Menurut data dari BPS terdapat 41.416.407 generasi Z dari Jawa Timur berumur 17-26 tahun yang dijadikan populasi penelitian ini. Sampel penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin yang berjumlah 100 responden. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa generasi Z mengetahui, menyukai, dan cenderung mendukung salah satu calon presiden setelah menonton video “3 bacapres bicara gagasan”. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa 100% responden menunjukan sikap yang positif tentang video “3 bacapres bicara gagasan”.
Optimization of Expression and Purification of Recombinant One of Central Nervous System Enzyme (Acetylcholinesterase)
Authors: Abed Fatimah Sahib
Published: February 2024

In general, the use of natural enzymes is very limited and they are not economical to use in industry. To solve this problem, the recombinant expression systems approach has been used. Optimization of production processes in heterologous expression systems is one of the most important activities in today's competitive industries. One of the key factors for the commercialization of recombinant proteins is the achievement of a low-cost culture medium available for the production of suitable cell biomass that can be used on an industrial scale. Commercialization of recombinant products requires process economics and cost reduction, and reducing the cost of the product is possible by using a cheaper culture medium, so decided optimization of expression and purification of recombinant acetylcholinesterase (EC.3.1.1.7), because it’s one of the body's vital enzymes, that by hydrolyzing acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter, terminates neural messages in the area of cholinergic synapses. Because the enzyme acetylcholinesterase produced from natural sources is not suitable for industrial purposes and semi-mass production due to low production efficiency and high costs of enzyme preparation and purification processes, optimizing the growth conditions of microorganisms capable of the production and secretion of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase are very important, both in terms of yield and economic costs. The present study seeks to increase productivity and reduce the cost of producing this enzyme by optimizing the growth medium and expression of pichia pastoris yeast cells that have genes related to this enzyme and also by optimizing the purification and mass production of this enzyme.
Single‐Crystalline Gallium Nitride Microspindles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Stability
Authors: Xu F. , Xie Y. , Zhang X. , Zhang S. , Liu X. , Xi W. , Tian X.
Published: May 2004

This paper describes a facile procedure for synthesizing high‐quality gallium nitride microspindles on a large scale using a solid‐state reaction of GaI3, NaNH2, and NH4Cl in a sealed system at 500 °C for 6 h. The structures, compositions, and morphologies of the as‐synthesized products are derived from X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). The selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images show that the as‐synthesized GaN spindles are composed of many single‐crystalline platelets. The GaN microspindles show different optical properties depending on their shape (e.g., nanowires or nanoparticles) in photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The possible growth mechanism of GaN microspindles is controlled by linear kinetics with a driving force proportional to the difference between a local supersaturation and an equilibrium chemical potential. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the GaN microspindles is investigated under various annealing conditions and discussed on the basis of additional TEM and XRD analyses.
Enhanced Dielectric and Electromechanical Responses in High Dielectric Constant All‐Polymer Percolative Composites
Authors: Huang C. , Zhang Q.
Published: May 2004

A type of all‐polymer percolative composite is introduced which exhibits a very high dielectric constant (> 7000). The experimental results also show that the dielectric behavior of this new class of percolative composites follows the predictions of the percolation theory and the analysis of conductive percolation phenomena. The very high dielectric constant of the all‐polymer composites, which are also very flexible and possesses an elastic modulus close to that of the insulation polymer matrix, makes it possible to induce a high electromechanical response under a very reduced electric field (a strain of 2.65 % with an elastic energy density of 0.18 J cm–3 can be achieved under a field of 16 MV m–1). Data analysis also suggests that within the composites, the non‐uniform local field distribution as well as interface effects can significantly enhance the strain responses. Furthermore, the experimental data as well as the data analysis indicate that conduction loss in the composites will not affect the strain hysteresis.
Relating the Morphology of Poly(p‐phenylene vinylene)/Methanofullerene Blends to Solar‐Cell Performance
Authors: van Duren J. K. J. , Yang X. , Loos J. , Bulle‐Lieuwma C. W. T. , Sieval A. B. , Hummelen J. C. , Janssen R. A. J.
Published: May 2004

The performance of bulk‐heterojunction solar cells based on a phase‐separated mixture of donor and acceptor materials is known to be critically dependent on the morphology of the active layer. Here we use a combination of techniques to resolve the morphology of spin cast films of poly(p‐phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends in three dimensions on a nanometer scale and relate the results to the performance of the corresponding solar cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and depth profiling using dynamic time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS) clearly show that for the two materials used in this study, 1‐(3‐methoxycarbonyl)propyl‐1‐phenyl‐[6,6]‐methanofullerene (PCBM) and poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (MDMO‐PPV), phase separation is not observed up to 50 wt.‐% PCBM. Nanoscale phase separation throughout the film sets in for concentrations of more than 67 wt.‐% PCBM, to give domains of rather pure PCBM in a homogenous matrix of 50:50 wt.‐% MDMO‐PPV/PCBM. Electrical characterization, under illumination and in the dark, of the corresponding photovoltaic devices revealed a strong increase of power conversion efficiency when the phase‐separated network develops, with a sharp increase of the photocurrent and fill factor between 50 and 67 wt.‐% PCBM. As the phase separation sets in, enhanced electron transport and a reduction of bimolecular charge recombination provide the conditions for improved performance. The results are interpreted in terms of a model that proposes a hierarchical build up of two cooperative interpenetrating networks at different length scales.