bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer disease – review
Authors: Wojtuś Magda , Tomaszuk Sebastian , Wąsik Karolina
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose:

Currently, the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of different diseases is being widely researched, the understanding of whether the dysbiosis of the gut flora demonstrates the significant role in Alzheimer disease (AD) is accentuated. The aim of this paper is to summarize the existing paper about the role of the gut microbiota - its diversity, stability and composition in this condition. The search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholarship databases.

Brief description of the state of knowledge:

It is still uncertain if alteration in gut microbiome is a consequence of AD or its risk factor, but some findings suggest that the intestinal flora is able to influence the activity of the brain and lead to its dysfunctions. There is also the association between composition of the gut microbiome and AD. Results indicate that affected patients had less heterogeneity in their microbiome and the progression of AD led to alterations in the bacterial flora. Introducing modifications of the gut microbiota is considered as a therapeutic option for AD. Following personalized diet, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics administration or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be beneficial for affected patients.

Conclusions:

The subject of the role of the gut microbiota merits further research as foregoing results of conducted studies are pointing to its possibly meaningful role. Presently, still more data is needed as most of the research was collected on animal models and the analysis conducted on humans remains insufficient. We conclude that further studies are warranted in order to fully understand the pathophysiology of the disease and the possible usefulness of microbiome therapy.
Invertible bases and root vectors for analytic matrix-valued functions
Authors: Noferini Vanni
Published: January 2024

We revisit the concept of a minimal basis through the lens of the theory of modules over a commutative ring $R$. We first review the conditions for the existence of a basis for submodules of $R^n$ where $R$ is a Bézout domain. Then, we define the concept of invertible basis of a submodule of $R^n,$ and when $R$ is an elementary divisor domain, we link it to the Main Theorem of G. D. Forney Jr. [SIAM J. Control, 13:493-520, 1975]. Over an elementary divisor domain, the submodules admitting an invertible basis are precisely the free pure submodules of $R^n$. As an application, we let $\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{C}$ be either a connected compact set or a connected open set, and we specialize to $R=\mathcal{A}(\Omega)$, the ring of functions that are analytic on $\Omega$. We show that, for any matrix $A(z) \in \mathcal{A}(\Omega)^{m \times n}$, $\ker A(z) \cap \mathcal{A}(\Omega)^n$ is a free $\mathcal{A}(\Omega)$-module and admits an invertible basis, or equivalently a basis that is full rank upon evaluation at any $\lambda \in \Omega$. Finally, given $\lambda \in \Omega$, we use invertible bases to define and study maximal sets of root vectors at $\lambda$ for $A(z)$. This in particular allows us to define eigenvectors also for analytic matrices that do not have full column rank.
Influence of Body Mass Index on the Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress among Young Females during Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Tauro Jaelyne Iona , Anilkumar Anshula , Shamlooh Layla Jameel , Kitherian Zavia Evangeline , Karanghadan Abid Shaheer , Khan Nelofar Sami
Published: January 2024

Background: Fluctuating levels of biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative damage are observed during different phases of the menstrual cycle. Recent studies suggest an involvement of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation in the development of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). As obesity increases the risk of PCOS, the present study aims to compare these biomarkers among young females across different Body Mass Index (BMI) groups. Objectives: To determine variations in the concentrations of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) as biomarkers of oxidative stress, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a biomarker of inflammation, and compare among normal and obese young females during the phases of menstrual cycle. Methods:The study included 37 females (20 normal and 17 obese) aged 18 – 22 years. Serum analysis for hs-CRP, MDA, and TAC were performed. Paired and Independent sample T-tests were appropriately used comparing the parameters between early follicular (EFP) and mid-luteal phase (MLP) among the normal and obese subjects. Results: Significant differences were seen in the concentrations of hs-CRP, MDA, and TAC during EFP and MLP of the menstrual cycle among the normal and obese females. An elevated concentration of hs-CRP and MDA, and reduced TAC were observed in the obese compared to normal throughout the menstrual cycle. More than 82.5% of obese subjects having the hs-CRP above normal is alarming, increasing their risk of future CVD and PCOS. Conclusion: Our findings warrant clinical evaluation with prevention strategies for our obese young females. Also, the findings recommend future elaborate research including various biological parameters connected to inflammation and oxidative stress, resolving the etiology of hormonal disorders causing reproductive issues like PCOS in women.
The Effect of Sodium on a Molybdenum Layer by Varying the Growth Pressure on CIGS Solar Absorp-tion Layer
Authors: N. J. Suthan Kissinger
Published: January 2024

Flexible Cu (In, Ga) Se2 (CIGS) solar cells on stainless-steel (STS) substrates face the problem of efficiency deterioration when iron impurities diffuse into the absorber layer. Iron, the main component of stainless steel, can diffuse through the back contact into the CIGS absorber, where Fe impurities are known to reduce the solar cell performance. In this work, the sodium-doped Molybdenum (Mo-Na) layer was made as a diffusion barrier on STS substrate for various growth pressures. The formed Mo-Na diffusion barrier layer was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction showed that the films grown on STS substrates had a pure chalcopyrite phase with a preferred (112) orientation Mo back contact and the CIGS layer was subsequently deposited by co-sputtering technique and selenization process, to investigate the Na diffusion through the diffusion barrier into the CIGS absorption layer. The concentrations of Na and Fe diffused in the CIGS layer were also measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). The SIMS depth profile and optical measurement results demonstrated that the diffusion of Na into the CIGS absorber layer was controlled by varying the working pressure of the Mo-Na layer.
Catalytical Degradation of Industrial Dyes using Biosynthesized Nanoparticles - Review
Authors: K. Vallarasu  , V. Sampathkumar  , S. Manoj  , K. Raja  , V. Vijayalakshmi  , K. M. Gopalakrishnan  , K. S. Navaneethan
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth of the textile industry has led to a surge in the release of industrial dyes, posing a severe environmental threat. An attempt was made in this review paper to explore the catalytical degradation of industrial dyes using biosynthesized nanoparticles as a promising avenue for sustainable remediation and to provide a thorough understanding of the advancements, challenges and potential applications of this innovative approach. The synthesis methods of biosynthesized nanoparticles were explained, highlighting the use of natural extracts and their inherent catalytic properties. A critical analysis of the catalytic degradation process was presented, examining the diverse range of industrial dyes targeted by biosynthesized nanoparticles. The factors influencing degradation efficiency, such as nanoparticle size, composition and the nature of the dye pollutants were investigated and the kinetics and mechanisms governing catalytic degradation were explored, shedding light on the intricacies of the reaction pathways. The environmental impact and sustainability of biosynthesized nanoparticles for dye degradation were thoroughly evaluated. Comparisons with conventional remediation methods were made, emphasizing the eco-friendly nature and potential scalability of this innovative approach. Moreover, challenges and future directions in this field were outlined to guide further research efforts.
The relative effects of diversity on collective learning in local collaborative networks in Belgium
Authors: Carlier Nadège , Aubin David , Moyson Stéphane
Published: January 2024

Collaborative networks are horizontal settings of public governance that enhance interactions between a diversity of actors (for example, civil servants, companies or citizens). They can help cross-cutting public policies (for example, climate policies) to gain coherence and become more innovative. To do so, collective learning, defined as the broadened and mutual understanding of public issues arising out of repeated social interactions, is critical but not spontaneous. In particular, the diversity of participants creates learning opportunities that do not necessarily transform into concrete learning.

So, how does diversity lead to collective learning in collaborative networks? To address this research question, this article researched two collaborative networks within the city administration of Schaerbeek (Belgium). Based on semistructured interviews, mental models were used to assess collective learning, and social network analysis was performed to understand the structure of interactions between diverse members.

The findings show that the influence of diversity on collective learning was contingent on the collaborative network, but fostered by social interactions, with noticeable links between formal and informal interactions. From these findings, the article makes three scholarly contributions. First, it deepens our understanding of collective learning, with a focus on the development of shared understandings as a condition of consensus formation. Second, it builds on psychology and resource management research to assess collective learning through mental models, and provides a new approach to the measurement of policy learning. Third, it contributes to the debate on the implications of different inclusion levels and conditions for the results of collaborative governance and their transformation in policy innovations.
Supervisor Emotional Maturity, Psychological Safety, and Traumatic Stress in College Student Affairs
Authors: Lynch R. Jason , Gilbert Chelsea
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic placed an immense amount of stress on student affairs professionals, who were exposed to numerous potentially traumatic events as a result of changing workplace environments, health and safety risks, and their emotional support of students. This study explored the impact of supervisor emotional maturity on supervisee trauma exposure response through the mediating effect of psychological safety for a sample of student affairs professionals employed at 4-year institutions. Results indicated that supervisees who felt that their supervisors were more emotionally mature felt more psychologically safe and that this psychological safety predicted lower adverse reactions to both primary and secondary traumatic stress in workplace contexts. Implications for the training and development of student affairs supervisors are explored, as well as for further research into the construct of emotional maturity as it relates to supervision.
Benjamin Franklin and the Poetics of the New Diplomacy
Authors: Weisbrode Kenneth
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This essay interprets the literary means Benjamin Franklin used in establishing a novel style of diplomatic representation. This style dispensed with much, but not all, of the ritual of what was then regarded as the old, European diplomacy in which diplomatic actors performed the dual role of representation, being both representative and representational; that is, as both spokespeople for, and emblems of, their national cause. Through them one is able to detect the interweaving of existing diplomatic standards and protocols in a self-consciously New World vocation with its own demands for recognition from the imperial center.
Bridewells, Beterhuizen , and the Ozpizio : Making Men during the Age of Reason
Authors: Dennis Jeffery P.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Three facilities for housing delinquent and at-risk youth—Bridewells in England, Beterhuizen in the Netherlands, and the Hospice of St. Michael in Italy—are analyzed as sites for producing and policing middle-class masculinity during the eighteenth century. Three cardinal sins of the Enlightenment "gentlemen" are illustrated: idleness, refusing marriage, and refusing homosocial comrades. The result was a policing of same-sex behavior and placement in the homoerotic underground.
'Ad modum floris': Petrarch's Narcissus between the Rerum vulgarium fragmenta and Triumphi
Authors: Southerden Francesca
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT: This article analyses Petrarch's treatment of Narcissus in his vernacular poetry, focusing on his inclusion of an aspect of the myth not usually found in medieval vernacular rewritings of Ovid's Metamorphoses : the flower which seals Narcissus's metamorphosis. Setting Petrarch's flower-Narcissus in dialogue with passages from the anonymous fourteenth-century Ovide moralisé demonstrates the poet's distinctive treatment of the myth relative to his lyric and romance precursors even as he preserves its significance for dramatizing the ambivalent pleasures of erōs . Desiring 'in the manner of the flower' affects lover and beloved alike, with implications for how we read vegetal metamorphosis in Petrarch.
Creativity — Narrativity — Fictionality: A Critical Genealogy
Authors: Dawson Paul
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The term “narrative” has become ubiquitous in public discourse, but to date little work has been done to explore how vitally it is related both historically and theoretically to another contemporary buzzword: creativity. By addressing this lacuna this essay seeks not only to illuminate the popularity of narrative as a mode of knowledge, but to shed new light on its relationship to another core concept in the field: fictionality. The essay argues that the narrative turn and the contemporary boom in instrumental storytelling have been facilitated by a lexical and semantic shift from narrative as artifact to narrative as process, and that this shift is the result of ongoing historical intersections with new secularized and democratized theories of creativity as a human faculty. By tracing this shift we can better understand the contested history of fictionality, particularly in relation to debates about the rise of the novel in the eighteenth century, and bring a new approach to the epistemological underpinings of the narrative turn in the academy and the subsequent popular appeal to personal storytelling in the networked public sphere.
Maximum-likelihood time-of-arrival estimation for saturated optical transient signals
Authors: Kagie Matthew J. , Lanterman Aaron D.
Published: January 2024

We employ right-censored Poisson point process models to develop maximum-likelihood procedures for estimating the time of arrival of transient optical signals subject to saturation distortion. The Poisson intensity is modeled as a template with an unknown scaling factor with additive background counts. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we explore the performance of different algorithms as a function of signal magnitude and saturation threshold. In particular, we characterize the benefit our procedures have over algorithms that are unaware of the censoring.
Terahertz 3-D fast line-scanning imaging using 3-D printed devices
Authors: Hu Hao , Lin Wenqing , Ma Xinru , Hu Xiaoxue , Wang Xiaolei
Published: January 2024

This article presents a terahertz (THz) fast line-scanning imaging system with three-dimensional (3-D) focus-steering capability operating at 0.1 THz. The system comprises a 3-D printed rotating multi-prism plate and a dual-device structure consisting of a negative ridge pyramid and a column ridge pyramid. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the system generates a sheet-shaped diffraction-free beam with a projection distance of approximately 175 mm and a diffraction-free distance of approximately 200 mm. Moreover, the system maintains a resolution greater than 4 mm within the diffraction-free range. Furthermore, the proposed THz lens-less line-scanning imaging system enables 3-D scanning imaging within a set range of ±22°. The proposed approach can be extended to cover other frequencies within the THz range by appropriately adjusting the parameters. The system has the advantages of long working distance and long depth of field, making it a very attractive candidate for low-cost, easy-fabrication, and easy-adjustment solutions for the next generation of THz fast detection and imaging technology.
Generation and applications of spectral-spatially correlated principal mode in multimode fibers
Authors: Gao Han , Hu Haifeng , Zhan Qiwen
Published: January 2024

Light propagating through multimode fibers experiences multiple
scattering, leading to complex speckle output patterns and significant
dispersion. In this work, we propose a unique light state called the
spectral-spatially correlated principal mode (S2 principal mode) in multimode fibers.
This mode demonstrates an ability to simultaneously manipulate the
spectral correlation and spatial distribution of the output field
under strong mode coupling. Such simultaneous control over multiple
dimensions of the output field is achieved through measuring the
generalized Wigner-Smith operator of the multimode fiber transmission.
Experimental results showcase a substantial improvement in the
spectral stability of the output spatial field profiles for these
states. As a result, the S2 principal modes offer precise
localization of the output field within a designated region and
mitigate distortions of the confined spots caused by modal dispersion.
The advantages of S2 principal modes are further showcased
through their application in encrypting optical information
transmission via multimode optical fibers. We anticipate these modes
will find extensive applications in fiber optic communications,
imaging, and spectroscopy, while also serving as inspiration for the
discovery of other intriguing optical states.
Wafer Defect Detection Technology Based on CTM-IYOLOv5 Network
Authors: Yang Weiwei , Peng Jingsong , Du Jiawei , Sheng Lianchao , Lu Xiangning , He Zhenzhi
Published: January 2024

With the development of semiconductor processing technology, the components within the wafers are highly integrated and complex, which can increase the number of surface defects. Traditional methods of wafer defect detection which were done manually by experienced engineers using computer-aided tools have some disadvantages, such as small defective area miss detection, low efficiency and tend to cause secondary contamination. Therefore, it is essential to identify dies defects quickly and locate defects timely, which can efficiently improve the yield of wafers. A novel wafer defect detection method based on clustering-template matching combined with improved YOLOv5 network (CTM-IYOLOv5) has been proposed in this paper. An inspection platform is used to acquire images of wafers in real-time. And the pre-processing operations are used for the preliminary processing of the acquired grain maps, which can reduce the computation of image processing and improve the efficiency of inspection. To solve the phenomenon of false detection and missed detection caused by multiple inter-grain channels in the field of view, clustering-template matching is used to segment the grains in the field of view. In addition, the convolutional layer structure, network structure, and data enhancement of YOLOv5 have been improved to become lighter, more accurate, and more suitable for small-target detection, with the model size been effectively reduced by 16%. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is up to 99%, and the efficiency improvement of 44%, which can realize the need for real-time detection of wafer defects.
Azimuthal polarized quasibound states in the continuum based on rotational symmetry breaking
Authors: Deng Ting , Peng Chen , He Junzhang , Chang Yan , Xiang Jin , Zhu Yanlin
Published: January 2024

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) allow to obtain an ultrahigh-quality-factor optical cavity. Nevertheless, BICs must be extended in one or more directions, substantially increasing the device footprint. Although supercavity-mode quasi-BICs supported by single nanopillars have been demonstrated recently, their quality factor of approximately several hundred is insufficient for applications of high-sensitivity refractive index sensing. We propose a ring nanostructure rotated by a dielectric sectorial nanopillar, which can achieve a high quality factor by breaking the rotational symmetry of the structure with a footprint as low as 3 µm2. As a straightforward application, we demonstrate that rotational symmetry breaking for BICs enables local refractive index and nanoscale film thickness sensing. These BICs reach quality factor and sensitivity of one order of magnitude better than those of conventional supercavity-mode BICs. The proposed method provides insights into the design of compact high-quality-factor photonic devices, opening up possibilities for applications in refractive index and nanoscale film thickness sensing.
Factors associated with barriers to healthcare access among ever-married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: Analysis from the 2017–2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Hinata Hitomi , Lwin Kaung Suu , Eguchi Akifumi , Ghaznavi Cyrus , Hashizume Masahiro , Nomura Shuhei
Published: January 2024

Background

Globally, women experience healthcare inequalities, which may contribute to excessive mortality rates at various stages of their lives. Though Bangladesh has achieved excellent progress in providing healthcare, the country still has some critical challenges that need immediate attention. The objective of this study is to examine the association between social determinants and barriers to accessing healthcare among ever-married women aged 15–49 in Bangladesh.

Methods

The study was conducted among 20,127 women aged 15–49, using data from the 2017–2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Four barriers to healthcare were considered: whether women face problems with permission, obtaining money, distance, and companionship. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was used, with a broad array of independent variables (such as age, and educational level) to identify the determinants of barriers to healthcare access. The associations were expressed as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

More than two-thirds (66.3%) of women reported having at least one perceived barrier to accessing healthcare. Women with a higher level of education (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.41–0.57), owning a mobile telephone (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.73–0.84), and those in the richest wealth quintile (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.38–0.52) had lower odds of having barriers to accessing healthcare. In addition, widowed (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.26–1.84), divorced (AOR = 1.91, 95% CI:1.47–2.48), or separated (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.46–2.69) women had higher odds of having a money barrier to accessing healthcare, than married women.

Conclusions

This study shows that individual-, household-, and community-level factors are associated with barriers to healthcare accessibility. To improve the state of women’s health in Bangladesh, it is vital to consider these socio-economic factors and implement fundamental measures, such as supporting the national health policy, empowering women’s socio-economic situation, and spreading the flexible way of healthcare access.
Effects of high-intensity interval training on strength, speed, and endurance performance among racket sports players: A systematic review
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Abdullah Borhannudin Bin , Abu Saad Hazizi Bin
Published: January 2024

This study aims to present a critical review of the existing literature on the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on strength, speed, and endurance performance among racket sports athletes. This study conducted a systematic literature review by PRISMA guidelines. Various well-known academic and scientific databases were used for research collection, including PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Out of 27 relevant studies, 10 were selected for inclusion in this systematic review, all meeting the required inclusion criteria. The quality of each study was assessed using the PEDro scale, with scores ranging from 3 to 5 for the selected studies. HIIT was found to improve racket players’ VO2 max (maximum oxygen uptake), running and repetitive sprint performance, jumping performance, and hitting speed during play. Current findings indicate that HIIT can significantly benefit athletic performance. Long-term HIIT allows athletes to enhance their power while improving crucial variables related to both aerobic and anaerobic endurance. This anaerobic endurance and explosive power type is particularly vital for racket sports players. For example, athletes in table tennis and badminton must exert maximum effort during high-intensity middle and back-court play. Racket athletes also need to maintain a stable state while preserving ball speed and positioning, and must quickly recover to prepare for the next rally. This training mechanism can assist athletes in honing their skills and achieving more efficient hitting quality. Therefore, this paper recommends that racket sports athletes incorporate HIIT into their regular training routines. The suggested frequency is three times per week, with each training session lasting 30–40 minutes, and a total duration of six to eight weeks.Trial registration. Systematic Review Registration:[https://inplasy.com/], identififier[INPLASY20230080].
Fat tails and the need to disclose distribution parameters of qEEG databases
Authors: Wood Guilherme , Willmes Klaus , Koten Jan Willem , Kober Silvia Erika
Published: January 2024

Neurometry (a.k.a. quantitative EEG or qEEG) is a popular method to assess clinically relevant abnormalities in the electroencephalogram. Neurometry is based on norm values for the distribution of specific EEG parameters and believed to show good psychometric properties such as test-retest reliability. Many psychometric properties only hold under the Gaussian distribution and become problematic when distributions are fat-tailed. EEG signals are typically fat-tailed and do not show fast convergence to a Gaussian distribution. To circumvent this property of EEG, log-transformations have frequently, but not always been employed. In Monte Carlo simulations, we investigated the impact of fat-tails (i.e. deviations from Gaussian) on the cut-off criteria and changeability of what in neurometry is termed “abnormal EEG”. Even slight deviations from the Gaussian distribution as measured by skewness and kurtosis lead to large inflation in the number of false positive qEEG findings. The more stringent the cutoff value adopted, the larger the inflation. Moreover, “abnormal EEG” seems to recover spontaneously at rates not compatible with the alleged test-retest reliability of qEEG. Alternative methods should be employed to determine cut-off values for diagnostics purposes, since a large number of false positive results emerge even when slight deviations from the Gaussian distribution are present. We argue that distribution properties of qEEG databases should be disclosed in much more detail by commercial providers to avoid questionable research practices and promote diagnostic transparency. We provide recommendations for the improvement of psychometric properties of existing qEEG databases.
Does blockchain technology matter for supply chain resilience in dynamic environments? The role of supply chain integration
Authors: Al-Swidi Abdullah Kaid , Al-Hakimi Mohammed A. , Al Halbusi Hussam , Al Harbi Jaithen Abdullah , Al-Hattami Hamood Mohammed
Published: January 2024

This study aims to empirically investigate the effect of blockchain technology (BCT) adoption on supply chain resilience (SCR), with the mediating role of supply chain integration (SCI) and the crucial effect of environmental dynamism (ED) as a moderator. Based on data collected from firms operating in the automotive industry in India, the proposed model was tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Modelling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS software. The empirical results showed a positive effect of BCT on SCI, which in turn affects SCR. Importantly, SCI acts as a full mediator in the BCT-SCR relationship, which is moderated by ED, that is, the effect of BCT on SCR via SCI is strong when ED is high. This study offers the groundwork for operationalizing BCT in a supply chain context. It also contributes to SCR research by investigating how SCI mediates the effect of BCT on SCR. In addition, this study found a moderating effect of ED on the relationship between BCT and SCI. These results provide insights to auto manufacturers on ways to enhance SCR and ensure safe supply chain operations.
Design of fault location algorithm based on online distributed travelling wave for HV power cable
Authors: Haohao Chen , Jing Li , Ping Chen
Published: January 2024

To tackle the challenge of localization failure due to traveling wave dispersion during a mid-line fault in a long high-voltage cable, this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the refraction characteristics of the cumulative three-phase sheath currents at cross commutation points and direct grounding points, facilitated by detailed theoretical derivation. We introduce the novel concept of a ’first traveling wave attenuation index,’ which quantifies the peak of the initial faulted traveling wave. We strategically place distributed traveling wave detection devices solely in the first direct grounding box of each cross-interconnected main section, effectively segmenting the line into five distinct zones. These zones are identified based on the unique transient polarities exhibited by the first traveling wave of fault current at each impedance mismatch point along the cable. To overcome the issue of weak traveling wave signals collected at the first end measurement point, we propose an innovative peak detection method for the first wave. This method harnesses the power of empirical wavelet transform (EWT) and multi-resolution singular value decomposition (MRSVD), providing a significant boost in ranging accuracy compared to traditional wavelet methods. Simulation results validate the efficacy of our proposed fault location method, which accurately pinpoints the fault section by contrasting the polarity of the first wave peak of the sheath current detected at each measurement point. Notably, our method ensures safety and convenience as the equipment does not require direct contact with high voltage.
Sociodemographic disparities in sedentary time among US youth vary by period of the day
Authors: Santiago-Rodríguez María Enid , Chen Jinsong , Pfeiffer Karin A. , Marquez David X. , Bustamante Eduardo Esteban
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Studies have reported sex and race/ethnicity disparities in sedentary time (ST), but none have evaluated ST by well-defined periods of the weekday (before school, during school, afterschool, and evening) and weekend day (morning, afternoon, and evening). Comparing sex and race/ethnicity disparities in ST at different periods of a weekday and weekend day can deepen our understanding of disparities and inform intervention efforts. This study tests sex and race/ethnicity disparities in ST by period of day in a representative sample of US youth.

Methods

Youth (N = 2,972) from the 2003–2006 NHANES waves reported demographic variables and wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days to assess ST. Linear regressions were conducted to test relationships between sex and race/ethnicity and ST (min/hour) during each period of a weekday and weekend day. ST differences by sex and race/ethnicity were calculated to identify the periods of the day presenting the largest opportunity to reduce disparities.

Results

Females were more sedentary than males during school (p < 0∙0001), afterschool (p < 0∙0001), and weekday evenings (p < 0∙0001) after controlling for covariates. After controlling for covariates, race/ethnicity only was a significant predictor of ST during weekend mornings (p < 0∙0001). During school and afterschool emerged as the periods with the largest opportunities to reduce sex disparities in ST. Weekend mornings were identified as the largest opportunity to reduce race/ethnic disparities in ST.

Conclusions

Sex disparities in ST appear to be driven mostly by the during school period of the day, while race/ethnic disparities in ST seem to be driven by the weekend morning period. Future intervention work should consider these periods when aiming to reduce ST disparities in youth.
Low-grade extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma arising from vaginal endometriosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Singhal Seema , Jayraj Aarthi S , Dhamija Ekta , Khurana Sachin
Published: January 2024

Extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma arising from malignant transformation of the vagina is an extremely rare condition. The diagnosis is often difficult as the symptomatology and pathological features overlap with that of pelvic endometriosis. A 38 years old female presented with complaints of dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, and painful defecation along with blood-stained vaginal discharge for a year. Examination revealed the presence of multiple brownish irregular nodules in posterior vaginal fornix and fixed tender nodules which on biopsy revealed florid vaginal endometriosis. She improved symptomatically on medical therapy. After 18 months of diagnosis, she presented again with a necrotic growth in posterior fornix, which on repeat biopsy revealed a low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. Laparotomy revealed a 7×5 cm mass in the pouch of Douglas, infiltrating the posterior vaginal wall and rectum. A complete cytoreductive surgery with retrograde hysterectomy, excision of posterior vaginal wall and rectosigmoid resection was done. The patient is disease-free at a follow-up of 65 months.
An exploratory gallery for Luka tunnel on the D3 motorway
Authors: Barták Jiří
Published: January 2024

The Luka tunnel is designed for the 0302 Jílové – Hostěradice section of the D3 motorway. This has a length of 1843m and will consist of two tunnel tubes of T 9.5/100 category. It is proposed that a 1354m long exploratory gallery be put in place in the left-hand tunnel tube. It will be used for detailed geotechnical exploration in a rock environment that has been negatively affected by past mining activities. The exploratory gallery will be constructed using a procedure that will limit the possible stability risks during its excavation. The knowledge gained from the excavation of the gallery and from the comprehensive survey operations undertaken will serve as the essential basis for the reliable design and safe construction of the tunnel tubes. The current state of the D3 motorway differs greatly along its individual sections. The more southerly located sections D 305/II (Nová Hospoda) to D 309 (Úsilné) are in operation. Section D 310 Úsilné – Hodějovice with the České Budějovice bypass is under construction, and the construction in the direction of Austria has not yet proceeded [1]. The situation is very disappointing particularly in the Central Bohemian region, even though exploration operations are underway to a limited extent in sections D 301 to D 305/I, as construction has not yet started due to problems with obstructions or objections by activists of various types. The problem is that it is demonstrable that the existing road I/3, which is also part of the main international road route E55, is already completely inadequate both in terms of capacity and in terms of its alignment running through several developed residential complexes. After the completion of the D3 motorway, this road will be usable as an alternative diversion route without major modifications in the event of a required closure of the motorway.
Evaluation of deformation and strength parameters of organic soils for the design of geotechnical structures
Authors: Lechowicz Zbigniew , Goławska Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

The evaluation of deformation and strength parameters of Holocene organic soils obtained from DMT dilatometer tests based on empirical relationships and ANN Artificial Neural Networks is presented. The evaluation of undrained shear strength τfu, deformation modulus E0.1% and initial shear modulus G0 of Eemian organic soils obtained from DMT dilatometer tests and SDMT seismic dilatometer tests is given, and then its comparison with the values obtained from triaxial tests for the design of underground structures supported by diaphragm walls of the stations of the underground line II in Warsaw, is shown.
Effects of Enzyme Treatment and Carrier Agents on Chemical and Physical Properties of Almond Protein-Based Product
Authors: Nguyen Tho Y. G. , Nguyen Ha V. H.
Published: January 2024

There has been an emerging trend towards the research of plant-based proteins over the past few years; however, there has been limited conductive observation of plant-based proteins from almond by-products, as well as the potential of using Flavourzyme and different carrier agents to obtain an instant protein-based powder. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Flavourzyme at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%) and incubation times (30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min), as well as carrier agents at different ratios with a 20% total concentration on the physicochemical properties of almond protein-based products using freeze-drying (FD). The results showed a higher protein content (p-value ≤ 0.05) using 1.5% Flavourzyme for 120 min compared to the other levels. There was no significant difference (p-value > 0.05) in the protein retention rate after freeze-drying of the samples. However, the addition of Maltodextrin (MA), Gum Arabic (GA), and Inulin (IN) encapsulants improved the physical and functional characteristics of freeze-dried almond protein-based powder (FDAP). However, the solubility of the powder is moderate. Water-holding-capacity (WHC) and Oil- Holding Capacity (OHC) are inversely proportional, where GA-coated powder is the most hydrophobic (17.72 ± 0.87 mL oil/g) and IN-encapsulated powder is the most hydrophilic (15.00 ± 0.87 mL water/g). In conclusion, IN could be a potential encapsulant for almond protein-based powder, because powder produced from IN or MA: IN is acceptable in terms of physical parameters, and IN can also enhance fiber content in the final product.
Preenchimento labial com ácido hialurônico: técnicas, indicações e intercorrências.
Relato de caso
Authors: Faggioni Fabiana Guirado , Basile Ana Carolina Nogueira Bientinez , Abrantes Helena Bittar , Rangel Daniela Coelho , Sugayama Stella Thyemi
Published: January 2024

A busca por procedimentos estéticos têm aumentado constantemente, sendo que um dos
mais procurados é o preenchimento labial com ácido hialurônico (AH) para aumento,
contorno, definição e hidratação dos lábios. O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar
o caso clínico de uma paciente submetida a esse tratamento, destacando a importância do
conhecimento anatômico, das indicações, técnicas e possíveis intercorrências nesse tipo
de procedimento. A utilização de AH em preenchimento labial exige conhecimento das
propriedades reológicas dos produtos utilizados, das recomendações do fabricante de cada
marca comercial utilizada, e profundo conhecimento anatômico da área a ser tratada, a
fim de se obter os resultados desejados pelo paciente e minimizar o risco de possíveis
intercorrências. O preenchimento com AH pode ser considerado uma técnica eficaz, segura
e com bons resultados, desde que seja realizado por profissional capacitado.
O uso do ozônio como bioestimulador na região periorbital: relato de caso
clínico
Authors: Portugal Viviane Maia de Carvalho , Feldmann Cristina Rech
Published: January 2024

Mudanças cutâneas e estruturais periorbitais desempenham um papel significativo na
percepção da idade em indivíduos de todas as idades e raças. O escurecimento relativo da
pele da pálpebra inferior, comumente referido como olheiras, pode conferir uma aparência
fatigada e menos jovem à face. Nesses tempos de um mundo digital, em que a própria
aparência é visualizada diariamente e a valorização da estética tem crescido
exponencialmente, a busca por tratamentos eficazes, pouco invasivos e seguros tem sido
constante, a fim de melhorar o bem-estar emocional e proporcionar melhor qualidade de
vida para as pessoas. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo é relatar um caso clínico, de uma
paciente com 40 anos de idade, apresentando queixa de olheira escura e profunda e
flacidez na região, com histórico genético, na qual foi aplicado apenas o ozônio de
forma subcutânea na região infraorbitária e pálpebra superior. Foi proposto para a
paciente um protocolo de indução de colágeno com aplicações de ozônio intradérmico nessa
região, com intervalos semanais, totalizando seis sessões.
Associação do uso de toxina botulínica e cirurgias periodontais na otimização da estética do sorriso
Authors: Ribeiro Stéphanny Menezes , Ferrão Junior José Peixoto , Ferreira Rafael
Published: January 2024

Introdução: O sorriso gengival (SG) é uma condição multifatorial em que há uma desarmonia estética e funcional por causa de uma exposição acentuada da faixa de gengiva durante o sorriso. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão de literatura é abordar o manejo do SG por meio da associação de cirurgias periodontais (reposicionamento labial [RL] ou gengivectomia [GG]) e toxina botulínica (TB). Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Foram encontrados 250 artigos e selecionados dois relatos de casos (GG + TB) e duas séries de casos (RL + TB). Resultados: A etiologia do SG apresentou-se devida à hipermobilidade do lábio superior e ao excesso de crescimento vertical da maxila, com dentes com coroas clínicas curtas. A GG foi aplicada para restabelecer o parabolismo/contorno gengival e melhorar a aparência das coroas clínicas dos dentes, e o RL permitiu reduzir a tração dos músculos elevadores do lábio superior. A aplicação da TB variou de 2 até 8 pontos, sendo realizada após 1 ou, até mesmo, 30 dias após a cirurgia. De modo geral, um SG com exposição inicial de 7,625 mm foi amenizado para um sorriso harmonioso (< 3 mm) por meio da associação da GG ou RL com a TB. As manutenções na dose de TB devem ser feitas a cada 3-6 meses, para que se obtenha um resultado eficiente em médio e longo prazos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a associação da TB com cirurgias periodontais (RL ou GG) é uma alternativa promissora, eficiente e segura como adjuvante na harmonização da estética do sorriso.
Harmonização orofacial em mulher vítima de violência doméstica: relato de caso
Authors: Barros Tarley Pessoa de , Mello Juliana Macena Moraes de , Alonso Karoline Ussami , Corveloni Rafael Aleixo , Oliveira Fabio
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A violência doméstica contra a mulher é um problema de saúde pública que está presente de forma significativa na sociedade, trazendo inúmeros danos emocionais, físicos e sociais às vítimas. Objetivo: O objetivo desse relato de caso é demonstrar que a Harmonização Orofacial pode contribuir em vários nichos da sociedade, incluindo os casos de mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica, restabelecendo a autoestima e inclusão social, devolvendo a essas mulheres a sua identidade, melhorando seu desenvolvimento psicossocial e a percepção do seu valor. Relato de caso: Paciente de sexo feminino, 53 anos de idade, foi encaminhada pelo programa social ASBRAD (Associação Brasileira da Defesa da Mulher, da Infância e da Juventude) em parceria com a SBTI (Sociedade Brasileira de Toxina Botulínica e Implantes Faciais da Odontologia), em função de Campanha de Sororidade, para tratar cicatriz na região do terço superior da face e melhorar a harmonia da face como um todo, retardando o processo natural de envelhecimento e contribuindo de forma direta na saúde emocional e social da paciente. Resultado: Obteve-se melhora na aparência física da paciente, com redução da cicatriz, melhora no aspecto da pele, com aparência jovial e descansada. Conclusão: A Harmonização Orofacial teve um papel importante no restabelecimento emocional e social dessa paciente vítima de violência doméstica
Uso de Endolift e ultrassom focado de alta intensidade para tratamento de flacidez facial severa
Authors: Advíncula Telma , Leal Marília de Oliveira Coelho Dutra , Jodas Cláudio Roberto Pacheco , Barros Tarley Pessoa de
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A adiposidade facial, assim como a flacidez, atualmente tem recebido muita atenção nas terapias de rejuvenescimento. Novas terapias baseadas em energia focada têm se mostrado eficazes no controle e tratamento da flacidez e gordura do terço inferior da face e região cervical. Objetivo: O presente estudo sugere uma nova abordagem terapêutica com duas tecnologias combinadas, Endolift® e ultrassom focado de alta intensidade, permitindo um rejuvenescimento natural, efetivo e estável, destacando-se a viabilidade, conveniência e segurança técnica. Material e Métodos: Cinco pacientes do sexo feminino, com a presença de gordura e/ou flacidez tissular na face e região submentoniana, foram incluídas no estudo. Resultados: Os resultados do tratamento foram mensurados por três avaliadores usando metodologia cega, e a satisfação das pacientes foi avaliada ao fim do tratamento. As pacientes, bem como os examinadores, relataram alto índice de satisfação (90%), refletida na melhora clínica observada.
Suspensão do SMAS por acesso temporal associada à técnica 3S: relato de caso
Authors: Diniz Bruna , Basile Ana Carolina Nogueira Bientinez , Abrantes Helena Bittar
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A camada musculoaponeurótica facial tem ganhado destaque nos últimos anos, devido às possibilidades de abordagem em procedimentos cirúrgicos de lifting facial. Essa camada pode ser identificada no pescoço como a fáscia cervical superficial, e contém o músculo platisma. Na face, essa camada é contínua com o sistema musculoaponeurótico superficial (SMAS) e possui propriedades biomecânicas e viscoelásticas únicas. A técnica 3S de verticalização da face propõe reposicionamento e sustentação tecidual dos terços médio e inferior da face, acometidos pelo envelhecimento. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico tratado de forma não cirúrgica e minimamente invasiva, com suspensão total da face (terços superior, médio e inferior) por meio da associação de duas técnicas (suspensão do SMAS por acesso temporal e técnica 3S de verticalização da face), como alternativa para tratamento de rejuvenescimento. Resultados: As expectativas da paciente foram atendidas, principalmente quanto ao rejuvenescimento facial e manutenção das suas feições naturais. Não houve qualquer intercorrência ou complicação comumente encontradas em intervenções cirúrgicas. Conclusões: O protocolo escolhido apresentou alto grau de satisfação pela paciente, mostrando-se como uma alternativa para rejuvenescimento da face, de forma natural, mais segura e com curto período de recuperação