bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VALORISATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH VIRTUAL VISIT AND AUGMENTED REALITY: THE CASE OF THE ABBEY OF EPAU (FRANCE)
Authors: Simonetto E. , Froment C. , Labergerie E. , Ferré G. , Séchet B. , Chédorge H. , Cali J. , Polidori L.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), 3-D modeling and its Web visualization are the three key steps needed to perform storage and grant-free and wide access to cultural heritage, as highlighted in many recent examples. The goal of this study is to set up 3-D Web resources for "virtually" visiting the exterior of the Abbaye de l'Epau, an old French abbey which has both a rich history and delicate architecture. The virtuality is considered in two ways: the flowing navigation in a virtual reality environment around the abbey and a game activity using augmented reality. First of all, the data acquisition consists in GPS and tacheometry survey, terrestrial laser scanning and photography acquisition. After data pre-processing, the meshed and textured 3-D model is generated using 3-D Reshaper commercial software. The virtual reality visit and augmented reality animation are then created using Unity software. This work shows the interest of such tools in bringing out the regional cultural heritage and making it attractive to the public.
IMAGE-BASED SURVEYING AND MODELING OF THE UNPROTECTED ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE – ST. RUDOLF'S CHURCH IN BANOSTOR
Authors: Stojakovic V. , Bajsanski I.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to present image-based recording of the unprotected architectural heritage in threat and its advantages integrating different modeling methods. Considering the construction problems in unprotected buildings we applied variations of low-budget image-based 3D modeling reconstructions techniques and built the complete virtual 3D reconstruction of highly damaged church of St. Rudolph in Banostor. The resulting model reveals many construction and design details that can not be perceived by a simple observing. In this paper, the importance of integrating a variety of measuring and modeling methodologies in order to achieve digital reconstruction of the unapproachable ruined building is demonstrated. The paper describes survey techniques and workflow, focusing on advantages as well as problems and limitations of each method.
WEB-BASED LEARNING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE: FIRST EXPERIENCED WITH STUDENTS OF THE PRIVATE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN NORTHERN TAIWAN
Authors: Yen Y.-N. , Wu Y.-W. , Weng K.-H.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. E-learning assisted teaching and learning is the trend of the 21st century and has many advantages – freedom from the constraints of time and space, hypertext and multimedia rich resources – enhancing the interaction between students and the teaching materials. The purpose of this study is to explore how rich Internet resources assisted students with the Western Architectural History course. First, we explored the Internet resources which could assist teaching and learning activities. Second, according to course objectives, we built a web-based platform which integrated the Google spreadsheets form, SIMILE widget, Wikipedia and the Google Maps and applied it to the course of Western Architectural History. Finally, action research was applied to understanding the effectiveness of this teaching/learning mode. Participants were the students of the Department of Architecture in the Private University of Technology in northern Taiwan. Results showed that students were willing to use the web-based platform to assist their learning. They found this platform to be useful in understanding the relationship between different periods of buildings. Through the view of the map mode, this platform also helped students expand their international perspective. However, we found that the information shared by students via the Internet were not completely correct. One possible reason was that students could easily acquire information on Internet but they could not determine the correctness of the information. To conclude, this study found some useful and rich resources that could be well-integrated, from which we built a web-based platform to collect information and present this information in diverse modes to stimulate students' learning motivation. We recommend that future studies should consider hiring teaching assistants in order to ease the burden on teachers, and to assist in the maintenance of information quality.
Estimation of soil coverage of chopped pruning residues in olive orchards by image analysis
Authors: Jiménez-Jiménez F. , Blanco-Roldán G. L. , Márquez-García F. , Castro-García S. , Agüera-Vega J.
Published: July 2013

Residue chopping from orchard pruning is becoming a common practice in conservation agriculture after the establishment of eco-conditionality policies in the European Union. This type of residue is used to protect the soil from erosion and improve the water balance and fertility of soils by improving the organic matter content. However, no studies have evaluated the influence of pruning residues and size on soil coverage. This study examines the effect of different treatments on pruning residue soil coverage in an olive orchard (cv. Picual). Treatments consisted of two quantities of pruning residues, specifically, high (2.04 kg m-2) and low (1.02 kg m-2), and two chopping speeds, low (2.4 km h-1) and high (3.2 km h-1). The different treatments were evaluated by image analysis and pixel counting to determine the soil cover percentage, size, number and distribution of the pruning residues after chopping. After chopping, the soil cover percentage was 39% higher in the high quantity pruning residue treatments but was not significantly influenced by the chopping speed. The size and number of lignified residues was quantified via pixel counting. In the high quantity pruning residue treatments, the number of large lignified residues (> 6 cm2) was higher, and the number of pruning residues smaller than 2 cm2 was lower, when compared with low quantity pruning residue treatments. The high chopping speed treatments produced more smaller-sized pruning residues.
Short communication. Efficiency of AFLP markers and seed storage protein electrophoresis to study the phylogeny of some Hordeum species
Authors: El Rabey H. A. , Al-Malki A. L. , Abulnaja K. O. , Kumosani T. A. , Khan J. A.
Published: July 2013

This study is focused on reconstructing the phylogeny of 60 accessions representing ten species of the genus Hordeum based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and SDS-PAGE of seed storage proteins. We obtained 339 polymorphic AFLP bands and 46 polymorphic protein bands from the SDS-PAGE of water soluble and non-soluble seed storage proteins. The phylogenetic tree deduced from AFLP analysis is concordant with that deduced from seed storage proteins electrophoresis. The studied taxa were clustered according to their genome type into two main groups representing the Old and New World’s species. Inside each group the species were clustered according to their genome type. Highly significant cophenetic correlation coefficients obtained in both AFLPs (0.96) and seed storage proteins (0.89) indicate the reliability of the results. It can be concluded that both AFLP and SDS-PAGE are adequate techniques to study the Hordeum phylogeny.
Identification of bean varieties according to color features using artificial neural network
Authors: Nasirahmadi A. , Behroozi-Khazaei N.
Published: July 2013

A machine vision and a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) were applied to identify bean varieties, based on color features. Ten varieties of beans, which were grown in Iran (Khomein1, KS21108, Khomein2, Sarab1, Khomein3, KS21409, Akhtar2, Sarab2, KS21205, and G11870) were collected. Six color features of the bean and six color features of the spots were extracted and used as input for MLP-ANN classifier. In this study, 1000 data sets were used, 70% for training, 15% for validating and 15% for testing. The results showed that the applied machine vision and neural network were able to classify bean varieties with 100% sensibility and specificity, except with Sarab1 with sensibilities of 100%, 73.3%, 60% for the training, validation and testing processes, respectively and KS21108 with specificities of 100%, 79% and 71%, respectively for the aforementioned processes. Considering total sensibilities of 100%, 97.33%, 96% and also specificities of 100%, 97.9% and 97.1% for training, validation and testing of beans, respectively, the ANN could be used as a effective tool for classification of bean varieties.
Transcriptome analysis in Ceratitis capitata to unveil genes involved in ageing-maturation process
Authors: San Andrés V. , Castañera P. , Sabater Muñoz B.
Published: July 2013

The sterile insect technique (SIT) is widely used in integrated programmes against the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Information on the age distribution of insects, and more particularly, the knowledge of wild female reproductive status (mature or not) at the time of the sterile male release is one of the key factors for the success of the SIT. In recent years, sequencing analysis has become an important tool in molecular biology. In this work we present a genome-wide expression analysis based on SSH (substractive sequence hybridization) and EST (expressed sequence tag) sequencing and macroarray expression analysis to identify signature genes related to the ageing-maturing process in C. capitata, leading to the successful identification of new putative candidate genes of reproductive status in medfly that would serve as molecular markers for ageing. We have sorted out 94 unigenes from 873 single-pass ESTs, of which 57% have homology with known genes. Ageing-maturing process in C. capitata presents a marked expression pattern accompanied by the increase of transcription level of genes involved in reproduction (vitellogenins, chorion proteins and male-specific serum proteins). Other identified cDNAs (43%) with a differential expression pattern would be also candidates but deserve further studies, as they belong to the unknown function class.
A ciência como profissão: médicos, bacharéis e cientistas no Brasil (1895-1935)
Authors: Sá Dominichi Miranda de
Published: July 2013

O livro aborda o processo de especialização da atividade intelectual no Brasil durante as três primeiras décadas do século XIX, ao mesmo tempo em que analisa a emergência do ´cientista´ nesse processo, no qual já se anunciava o divórcio entre as ´humanidades´e as ´ciências duras´.
On the Character, Content, and Authorship of Itmām Tatimmat Ṣiwān al-ḥikma and the Identity of the Author of Muntakhab Ṣiwān al-ḥikma
Authors: Griffel Frank
Published: July 2013

The fourth/tenth-century Ṣiwān al-ḥikma is one of the most important doxographic and gnomologic texts in Arabic and was most instrumental in the transmission of philosophical knowledge from Greek into Arabic. Despite its importance, the original text has been lost and the book is known to us only in excerpts, one of which, Muntakhab Ṣiwān al-ḥikma, was so successful that it probably replaced the original. The identity of the Muntakhab’s compiler, who was also the author of Itmām Tatimmat Ṣiwān al-ḥikma, an anthology of Arabic poetry written by philosophers of the Islamic period, is to date unknown. Following a suggestion made by Muḥammad Taqī Dānishpazhūh in 1959, this article produces strong evidence that it was Muʿīn al-Dīn Abū l-Aʿlā Muḥammad b. Maḥmūd al-Nīsābūrī al-Ghaznawī (d. ca. 590/1194), and describes his life and works.
On the Original Meaning of the Qurʾanic Term al-shayṭān al-rajīm
Authors: Silverstein Adam
Published: July 2013

This article seeks to reconsider the meaning(s) of the phrase al-shayṭān al-rajīm. It surveys the controversy surrounding the meaning of rajīm in this context and argues two points: first, that by the time the phrase was employed in the Qurʾan its original meaning had been forgotten, and second, that the original meaning of the term was related to Satan’s role as a heavenly accuser.
Reassessment of the Place of Shamanism in the Origins of Chinese Theater
Authors: Llamas Regina
Published: July 2013

This paper examines the scholarship, evidence, and assumptions that place the origins of Chinese drama in shamanic ritual. The paper is roughly divided in two parts: the first contextualizes the use of shamanism within the theories of art and literature of one of the first scholars to link the origins of Chinese theatre to shamanism, Wang Guowei, to show that Wang’s view of the relationship between shamanism and drama differs from mainstream interpretations. The second part assesses the views of modern ethnographers and historians of China on the role of shamanism in theater, with a focus on the work of the scholar Piet van der Loon.
Chinese Scholars on Inner Asia. Edited by Luo Xin. Translation edited by Roger Covey
Authors: Drompp Michael R.
Published: July 2013

Chinese Scholars on Inner Asia. Edited by Luo Xin. Translation edited by Roger Covey. Indiana University Uralic and Altaic Series, vol. 174. Bloomington: Indiana University Sinor Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, 2012. Pp. xxiii + 707, 4 maps. $55.
Lost Age of Reason: Philosophy in Early Modern India 1450–1700. By Jonardon Ganeri
Authors: Nicholson Andrew J.
Published: July 2013

The Lost Age of Reason: Philosophy in Early Modern India 1450–1700. By Jonardon Ganeri. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Pp. xiv + 284. $45.
Desire and Motivation in Indian Philosophy. By Christopher G. Framarin
Authors: Keating Malcolm
Published: July 2013

Desire and Motivation in Indian Philosophy. By Christopher G. Framarin. Routledge Hindu Studies Series. London: Routledge, 2009. Pp. xv + 196. $170 (cloth); $44.95 (paper).
Shadow on the Steps: Time Measurement in Ancient Israel. By David Miano
Authors: Russell Stephen C.
Published: July 2013

Shadow on the Steps: Time Measurement in Ancient Israel. SBL Resources for Biblical Study, vol. 64. By David Miano. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2010. Pp. xx + 267, illus. $34.95 (paper).
Imperial Power and Maritime Trade: Mecca and Cairo in the Later Middle Ages. By John L. Meloy
Authors: Bauden Frédéric
Published: July 2013

Imperial Power and Maritime Trade: Mecca and Cairo in the Later Middle Ages. By John L. Meloy. Chicago: Middle East Documentation Center, University of Chicago, 2010. Pp. xiii + 305. $59.95.
Front Matter
Authors: Editors
Published: July 2013

Front matter
Surface air temperature variability in global climate models
Authors: Davy Richard , Esau Igor
Published: July 2013

New results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) and multiple global reanalysis datasets are used to investigate the relationship between the mean and standard deviation (SD) in the surface air temperature (SAT) at intra‐ and inter‐annual timescales. A combination of a land–sea mask and orographic filter was used to investigate the geographic region with the strongest correlation and in all cases this was found to be for low‐lying over‐land locations. This result is consistent with the expectation that differences in the effective heat capacity of the atmosphere are an important factor in determining the SAT response to forcing.
Reversible ventricular arrythmia induced by dasatinib
Authors: Spechbach Hervé , Morel Philippe , Lorenzini Kuntheavy Ing , Besson Marie , Gétaz Laurent , Sunthorn Henri , Chalandon Yves
Published: July 2013

Key Clinical Message

Ventricular arrhythmias induced by dasatinib are rare events, but physicians in charge of chronic myeloid leukemia patients should be aware of such potential complications and the need for regular ECG controls during treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
A Parallel Semisynthetic Approach for Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Peptide YY
Authors: Albertsen Louise , Østergaard Søren , Paulsson Johan F. , Norrild Jens Chr. , Strømgaard Kristian
Published: July 2013

The gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) is postprandially secreted from enteroendocrine L cells and is involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis. The N‐terminal truncated version PYY(3–36) decreases food intake and has potential as an anti‐obesity agent. The anorectic effect of PYY(3–36) is mediated through Y2 receptors in the hypothalamus, vagus, and brainstem regions, and it is well known that the C‐terminal tetrapeptide sequence of PYY(3–36) is crucial for Y2 receptor activation. The aim of this work was to develop a semisynthetic methodology for the generation of a library of C‐terminally modified PYY(3–36) analogues. By using an intein‐based expression system, PYY(3–29) was generated as a C‐terminal peptide α‐thioester. Heptapeptides bearing an N‐terminal cysteine and modifications at one of the four C‐terminal positions were synthesized in a 96‐well plate by parallel solid‐phase synthesis. In the plate format, an array of [Ala30]PYY(3–36) analogues were generated by ligation, desulfurization, and subsequent solid‐phase extraction. The generated analogues, in which either Arg33, Gln34, Arg35, or Tyr36 had been substituted with proteinogenic or non‐proteinogenic amino acids, were tested in a functional Y2 receptor assay. Generally, substitutions of Tyr36 were better tolerated than modifications of Arg33, Gln34, and Arg35. Two analogues showed significantly improved Y2 receptor selectivity; therefore, these results could be used to design new drug candidates for the treatment of obesity.
Determinants of the combined use of external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy for low‐risk, clinically localized prostate cancer
Authors: Quek Ruben G. W. , Master Viraj A. , Ward Kevin C. , Lin Chun Chieh , Virgo Katherine S. , Portier Kenneth M. , Lipscomb Joseph
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUND

Prostate cancer treatment choices have been shown to vary by physician and patient characteristics. For patients with low‐risk, clinically localized prostate cancer, the authors examined the impact of their clinical, sociodemographic, and radiation oncologists' (RO) characteristics on the likelihood that the patients would receive combined external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy, a treatment regimen that is at variance with clinical guidelines.

METHODS

The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare linked database and the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile were used in a retrospective analysis of 5531 patients with low‐risk, clinically localized prostate cancer who were diagnosed between 2004 and 2007, and the 708 ROs who treated them. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between patient and RO characteristics and the use of combined therapy within 6 months of diagnosis.

RESULTS

Overall, 356 patients (6.4%) received combined therapy. Nonclinical factors were found to be associated with combined therapy. After adjusting for patient and RO characteristics, the odds of receiving combined therapy for patients residing in Georgia were found to be significantly greater than for all other SEER regions. Black patients were significantly less likely to receive combined therapy (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.40‐0.96 [P = .03]) compared with white patients. In addition, ROs accounted for 36.6% of the variation in patients receiving combined therapy.

CONCLUSIONS

Geographic and sociodemographic factors were found to be significantly associated with guideline‐discordant combined therapy for patients diagnosed with low‐risk, clinically localized prostate cancer. Which RO a patient consults is important in determining whether they receive combined therapy. Cancer 2013;119:3619–3628. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Furfural Production by ‘Acidic Steam Stripping’ of Lignocellulose
Authors: van Buijtenen Jeroen , Lange Jean‐Paul , Espinosa Alonso Leticia , Spiering Wouter , Polmans Rob F. , Haan Rene J.
Published: July 2013

Furfural and acetic acid are produced with approximately 60 and 90 mol % yield, respectively, upon stripping bagasse with a gaseous stream of HCl/steam and condensing the effluent to water/furfural/acetic acid. The reaction kinetics is 1st order in furfural and 0.5th order in HCl. A process concept with full recycling of the reaction effluents is proposed to reduce the energy demand to <10 tonsteam tonfurfural−1 and facilitate the product recovery through a simple liquid/liquid separation of the condensate into a water‐rich and a furfural‐rich phase.
Immunosuppressive and anti‐inflammatory effects of N‐acyl dopamines on Con A‐stimulated splenocytes of BALB/c mouse
Authors: Jin Mei Chen , Liu Xi‐Wen , Kim Mee Ree , Sok Dai‐Eun
Published: July 2013

Some N‐acyl dopamines have been reported to show anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. In this respect, we examined the immunosuppressive effect of N‐acyl dopamines on splenocytes of BALB/c mice. First, when the effect of each endocannabinoid or its derivative on Con A‐induced proliferation of splenocytes, N‐arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA), N‐oleoyl dopamine (OLDA) and N‐palmitoyl dopamine (PALDA) potently suppressed Con A‐mediated splenocyte proliferation with IC50 value of 1.84, 2.45, and 8.54 µM, respectively, indicating that NADA and OLDA were more immunosuppressive than PALDA. In related study, the immunosuppressive effect of NADA or PALDA was antagonized partially by CB1 antagonist, SR141716, and TRPV1 antagonist, 5′‐iodoresiniferatoxin (5′‐IRTX), but not CB2 antagonist, AM630. Meanwhile, the effect of OLDA was suppressed partially by 5′‐IRTX, but not other antagonists. In further study to support the immunosuppressive activity of N‐acyl dopamines, the effect of N‐acyl dopamaines on the release of cytokines was investigated. Noteworthy, NADA (IC50, 0.53 µM), OLDA (IC50, 0.78 µM) and PALDA (IC50, 2.45 µM) inhibited the secretion of interferon‐γ from Con A‐stimulated splenocytes concentration‐dependently. A similar suppression of the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha‐α and interleukin‐2 was also expressed by N‐acyl dopamines. Additionally, the suppressive effect of NADA or PALDA on cytokine release was antagonized partly by SR141716 or 5′‐IRTX, and that of OLDA was antagonized partly by 5′‐IRTX. Separately, NADA and OLDA enhanced the level of 12(S)‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid an endogenous TRPV1 agonist. These findings suggest that N‐acyl dopamines may express immuno‐modulatory action through pathways involving CB1 and TRPV1 receptors in splenocytes.
History (sic)
Authors: Rosen George
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Plagues and Peoples by William H. McNeill
The Limits of Biology
Authors: Montagu Ashley
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

The Use and Abuse of Biology: An Anthropological Critique of Sociobiology by Marshall Sahlins

The Biology of Human Action by Vernon Reynolds
Steaks and Cheops
Authors: Sokolov Raymond
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Food: The Gift of Osiris by William J. Darby, Paul
Racism Revised
Authors: Ehrlich Paul R.
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

The Legacy of Malthus: The Social Cost of the New Scientific Racism by Allan Chase
Merely Personal
Authors: Bernstein Jeremy
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

The Red Limit: The Search for the Edge of the Universe by Timothy Ferris
The Last Supper
Authors: Timmer C. Peter
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Food First: Beyond the Myth of Scarcity Frances Moore Lappé and Joseph Collins
Idea Man
Authors: Medawar Peter B.
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Ever Since Darwin: Reflections in Natural History by Stephen Jay Gould

Ontogeny and Phylogeny by Stephen Jay Gould
Zap!
Authors: Wade Nicholas
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

The Zapping of America: Microwaves, Their Deadly Risk and the Cover‐up by Paul Brodeur
Missing Persons
Authors: Feinberg Gerald
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

The Physicists: The History of a Scientific Community in Modern America Daniel J. Kevles
Thought Police
Authors: Kovel Joel
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

The Psychological Society by Martin L. Gross

The Myth of Psychotherapy by Thomas Szasz

Mind Control by Peter Schrag
Rational Mystic
Authors: MEDAWAR PETER B.
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

I AND THAT, by Alex Comfort
Wild Mice and Cosmic Views
Authors: Morrison Phylis
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Wild Mouse by Irene Brady

Paper Movie Machines by Budd Wentz

Cosmic View: The Universe in 40 Jumps by Kees Boeke

One Million by Hendrik Hertzberg

The Way Things Work: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Technology Simon & Schuster, 1967

Gobble Growl Grunt by Peter Spier

8,000 Stones: A Chinese Folktale Told by Diane Wolkstein Illustrated by Ed Young

Out of the Earth I Sing: Poetry and Songs of Primitive Peoples of the World edited by Richard Lewis

Secrets in Stones by Rose Wyler and Gerald Ames

The Gull's Way by Louis Darling

Before You Came this Way by Byrd Baylor

The Magic Mirror of M.C. Escher by Bruno Ernst

Animals in Motion by Eadweard Muybridge Edited by Lewis S. Brown

Moving the Obelisks by Bern Dibner
Fire & Ice
Authors: Goodfield June
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Heraclitean Fire: Sketches from a Life Before Nature by Erwin Chargaff
Not by Bread Alone
Authors: Montagu Ashley
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Malnutrition, Environment and Behavior Edited by David A. Levitsky
On the Beach
Authors: Kornblum William
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Alone Together: Social Order on an Urban Beach by Robert B. Edgerton
Dance, Dance, Dance
Authors: MONTAGU ASHLEY
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

TO DANCE IS HUMAN by Judith Lynne Hanna
Silent Partner
Authors: Montagu Ashley
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

A Delicate Arrangement: The Strange Case of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace by Arnold C. Brackman
All About Eve
Authors: Montagu Ashley
Published: July 2013

THE WOMAN THAT NEVER EVOLVED by Sarah Blaffer Hrdy

ON BECOMING HUMAN by Nancy Makepeace Tanner
After Asilomar
Authors: KEVLES DANIEL J.
Published: July 2013

THE DNA STORY A Documentary History of Gene Cloning by James D. Watson and John Tooze W.H. Freeman
Plumage Past
Authors: DIAMOND JARED
Published: July 2013

HAWAIIAN BIRDLIFE by Andrew J. Berger
AGAINST THE CURRENTS OF CHAOS
Authors: Engel Peter
Published: July 2013

ORDER OUT OF CHAOS Man's New Dialogue with Nature by Ilya Prigogine and Isabelle Stengers
THE MAKING OF A CRIMINAL
Authors: Kelley David
Published: July 2013

CRIME AND HUMAN NATURE: by James Q. Wilson and Richard J. Herrnstein Simon and Schuster
Books in Brief
Authors: Marschall Laurence A.
Published: July 2013

RACE TO THE STRATOSPHERE: Manned Scientific Ballooning in America, by David H. DeVorkin;

THE NEXT ONE HUNDRED YEARS: Shaping the Fate of Our Living Earth, by Jonathan Weiner;

CAMPING WITH THE PRINCE and Other Tales of Science in Africa, by Thomas A. Bass;

SCHRÖDINGER: Life and Thought, by Walter Moore; Cambridge University Press;
CULTIVATING NATURE
Authors: Dobb Edwin
Published: July 2013

DISCORDANT HARMONIES A New Ecology for the Twenty‐first Century by Daniel B. Botkin

NATURE'S METROPOLIS Chicago and the Great West by William Cronon

SECOND NATURE A Gardener's Education by Michael Pollan
The Holy Grail of Physics
Authors: KRAUSS LAWRENCE
Published: July 2013

Dreams of a Final Theory by Steven Weinberg

The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question? by Leon Lederman
Our Bodies, Our Science
Authors: WEIJER CHARLES
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Patient No More: The Politics of Breast Cancer by Sharon Batt

The Truth About Breast Cancer by Claire Hoy

The Ethics and Politics of Human Experimentation by Paul M. McNeill

The Journey Beyond Breast Cancer: From the Personal to the Political by Virginia M. Soffa
Invisible Empire
Authors: MARGULIS LYNN
Published: July 2013

Book reviewed in this article:

Power Unseen: How Microbes Rule the World by Bernard Dixon W H. Freeman
Quite Contrary
Authors: FINKBEINER ANN K.
Published: July 2013

Typhoid Mary: Captive to the Public's Health by Judith walzer Leavitt
The Unknown and the Unknowable
Authors: TRAUB JOSEPH F.
Published: July 2013

Impossmility: The Limits of Science and the Science of LimitS by John D. Barrow

What Remains to be Discovered by John Maddox
Tracing magnetic separators and their dependence on IMF clock angle in global magnetospheric simulations
Authors: Komar C. M. , Cassak P. A. , Dorelli J. C. , Glocer A. , Kuznetsova M. M.
Published: July 2013

A new, efficient, and highly accurate method for tracing magnetic separators in global magnetospheric simulations with arbitrary clock angle is presented. The technique is to begin at a magnetic null and iteratively march along the separator by finding where four magnetic topologies meet on a spherical surface. The technique is verified using exact solutions for separators resulting from an analytic magnetic field model that superposes dipolar and uniform magnetic fields. Global resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations are performed using the three‐dimensional Block‐Adaptive Tree Solar‐wind Roe‐type Upwind Scheme code with a uniform resistivity, in eight distinct simulations with interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angles ranging from 0° (parallel) to 180° (antiparallel). Magnetic nulls and separators are found in the simulations, and it is shown that separators traced here are accurate for any clock angle, unlike the last closed field line on the Sun‐Earth line that fails for southward IMF. Trends in magnetic null locations and the structure of magnetic separators as a function of clock angle are presented and compared with those from the analytic field model. There are many qualitative similarities between the two models, but quantitative differences are also noted. Dependence on solar wind density is briefly investigated.
Development of a novel RP‐HPLC method for the efficient separation of aripiprazole and its nine impurities
Authors: Nikolic Katarina , Filijović Nataša Djordjević , Maričić Borislava , Agbaba Danica
Published: July 2013

The development of an RP‐HPLC method for the separation of aripiprazole and its nine impurities was performed with the use of partial least squares regression, response surface plot methodology, and chromatographic response function. The HPLC retention times and computed molecular parameters of the aripiprazole and its nine impurities were further used for the quantitative structure–retention relationship (QSRR) study. The QSRR model, R2: 0.899, Q2: 0.832, root mean square error of estimation: 4.761, root mean square error of prediction: 6.614, was developed. Very good agreement between the predicted and observed retention times (tR) for three additional aripiprazole impurities (TC1–TC3) indicated the high prediction potential of the QSRR model for tR evaluation of other aripiprazole impurities and metabolites. The developed HPLC method is the first reported method for the efficient separation of aripiprazole and its nine impurities, which could be used for the analysis of an additional three aripiprazole impurities (TC1–TC3).
Inactivating mutation in histone deacetylase 3 stabilizes its active conformation
Authors: Arrar Mehrnoosh , de Oliveira Cesar Augusto F. , Andrew McCammon J.
Published: July 2013

Histone deacetylases (HDACs), together with histone acetyltransferases (HATs), regulate gene expression by modulating the acetylation level of chromatin. HDAC3 is implicated in many important cellular processes, particularly in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, making inhibition of HDAC3 a promising epigenetic treatment for certain cancers. HDAC3 is activated upon complex formation with both inositol tetraphosphate (IP4) and the deacetylase‐activating domain (DAD) of multi‐protein nuclear receptor corepressor complexes. In previous studies, we have shown that binding of DAD and IP4 to HDAC3 significantly restricts its conformational space towards its stable ternary complex conformation, and suggest this to be the active conformation. Here, we report a single mutation of HDAC3 that is capable of mimicking the stabilizing effects of DAD and IP4, without the presence of either. This mutation, however, results in a total loss of deacetylase activity, prompting a closer evaluation of our understanding of the activation of HDAC3.
Amide proton exchange of a dynamic loop in cell extracts
Authors: Smith Austin E. , Sarkar Mohona , Young Gregory B. , Pielak Gary J.
Published: July 2013

Intrinsic rates of exchange are essential parameters for obtaining protein stabilities from amide 1H exchange data. To understand the influence of the intracellular environment on stability, one must know the effect of the cytoplasm on these rates. We probed exchange rates in buffer and in Escherichia coli lysates for the dynamic loop in the small globular protein chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 using a modified form of the nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, SOLEXSY. No significant changes were observed, even in 100 g dry weight L−1 lysate. Our results suggest that intrinsic rates from studies conducted in buffers are applicable to studies conducted under cellular conditions.
Structural insight into the evolution of a new chemokine family from zebrafish
Authors: Rajasekaran Deepa , Fan Chengpeng , Meng Wuyi , Pflugrath James W. , Lolis Elias J.
Published: July 2013

The mammalian chemokine family is segregated into four families – CC, CXC, CX3C, and XC—based on the arrangement of cysteines and the corresponding disulfides. Sequencing of the Danio rerio (zebrafish) genome has identified more than double the amount of human chemokines with the absence of the CX3C family and the presence of a new family, CX. The only other family with a single cysteine in the N‐terminal region is the XC family. Human lymphotactin (XCL1) has two interconverting structures due to dynamic changes that occur in the protein. Similar to an experiment with XCL1 that identified the two structural forms, we probed for multiple forms of zCXL1 using heparin affinity. The results suggest only a single form of CXL1 is present. We used sulfur‐SAD phasing to determine the three‐dimensional structure CXL1. Zebrafish CXL1 (zCXL1) has three disulfides that appear to be important for a stable structure. One disulfide is common to all chemokines except those that belong to the XC family, another is similar to a subset of CC chemokines containing three disulfides, but the third disulfide is unique to the CX family. We analyzed the electrostatic potential of the zCXL1 structure and identified the likely heparin‐binding site for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). zCXL1 has a similar sequence identity with human CCL5 and CXCL12, but the structure is more related to CCL5. Our structural analysis supports the phylogenetic and genomic studies on the evolution of the CXL family. Proteins 2014; 82:708–716. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of ZnO nanowalls and nanocombs by vapor–liquid–solid method
Authors: Comjani Farzaneh Fattahi , Willer Ulrike , Kontermann Stefan , Schade Wolfgang
Published: July 2013

In this work, we report the synthesis of ZnO nanowalls and nanocombs by the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) method. ZnO nanocombs are applied in nanoscale functional devices such as nanocantilevers, UV nanolaser arrays, optical nanogratings, and nanopolarizer. These nanostructures are synthesized by the carbothermal reduction process between graphite and ZnO powder under high Zn vapor pressure. This work reports the possibility of synthesis of ZnO nanocombs by using the molar ratio ZnO:C (2:3) instead of the standard molar ratio (1:1) by the VLS method. The influence of the temperature variations on the geometrical shape of the grown nanostructures is discussed.
Optimization of electrochemically grown dense ZnO/nanoporous ZnO stacked structures for dye‐sensitized solar cell application
Authors: Magne Constance , Urien Mathieu , Pauporté Thierry
Published: July 2013

Stacked ZnO structures made of a nanoporous film superimposed on a dense underlayer have been prepared by electrochemical deposition on fluoride doped SnO2 substrates. The growth conditions of the two components have been optimized in order to get efficient photoelectrodes after sensitization by the D149 metal‐free indoline dye. From the dye‐sensitized solar cell characteristics, the optimal underlayer and nanoporous layer deposition times have been determined. Moreover, the porosity induced by the use of an organic structure directing agent, eosin Y, has been found optimum for a concentration of 50 μM.
Effects of an emotional intelligence intervention on aggression and empathy among adolescents
Authors: Castillo Ruth , Salguero José M. , Fernández‐Berrocal Pablo , Balluerka Nekane
Published: July 2013

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a two‐year intervention grounded in the ability model of emotional intelligence (EI) on aggression and empathy among adolescents. Eight Spanish public schools volunteered to participate in the research. A total of 590 adolescents (46% boys) were randomly assigned to either the EI training group or control group conditions. Students in the EI training group reported lower levels of physical/verbal aggression, anger, hostility, personal distress and fantasy compared to students in the control group. Additionally, the EI program was particularly effective for males' empathic abilities. These findings confirm the effectiveness of social and emotional learning interventions in Spanish academic contexts and extend the literature of gender‐related differences during adolescence. Study limitations and future research directions are also considered.
I. Remarks on the Bridlington Crag, with a List of its Fossil Shells
Authors: Woodward S. P.
Published: July 2013

The earlist, and almost the only published, notice of the ‘Bridlington Crag’ is contained in a single page of London's ‘Magazine of Natural History’ for 1835, vol. viii. p. 355, entitled ‘A Short Account of an Interesting Deposit of Fossil Shells at Burlington Quay, by Mr. William Bean.’ Writing from Scarbro’ on March 30th, Mr. Bean states that ten days previously he had made a geological excursion to ‘Burlington Quay,’ when Mr. Walter Wilson, an intelligent lapidary of that place, directed his attention to a deposit of fragile and broken shells, which the late high tides had exposed on the north side of the harbour, and near the pleasure-ground called the Esplanade. On arriving at the spot, he found a heterogeneous mass, only a few yards long, and as many high, composed of sand, clay, marine shells, and pebbles of every description, chalk and flint being most abundant. The colour and appearance of this shelly bed resembled London Clay, but the fossils had the character of those found in the Crag formation. It would be necessary to collect a greater number of species than he had then obtained, and to exercise much caution before the geological position of the bed could be truly determined; but of this much he was certain, that the shells were coeval with, if not of higher antiquity than the Crag. More than half of them could not be referred to any existing species. The writer concluded by mentioning that he had already made a second visit to the place, in company with Dr. Murray, and reaped an abundant harvest.
III. On Acrodus Anningiæ, Agass.; with Remarks upon the Affinities of the Genera Acrodus and Hybodus
Authors: Day E. C. H.
Published: July 2013

Few amongst the Fish-remains preserved to us in the Secondary roacks are more commonly met with than those of Sharks of the genera Acrodus and Hybodus; yet, not-withstanding the frequency of their occurrence, we have but little exat knowledge of the from and affinities of the fish to which these remains beleonged. Their cartilaginous skeletons have, expecting a few fragments, altogether pershied; and it is quite impossible to guess at their outlines, undefined as these were either by scales or hard plates. Nay, more, the remains that are known of these extinct forms present such great differences from the corresponding structures of living fish, that, although a relationship to a single existing genus has long been indicated, the degree of that affinity is still very uncertain.
II. The Relationship of certain West-Indian and Maltese Strata, as shown by some Orbitoides and other Foraminifera.
Authors: Jones T. Rupert
Published: July 2013

Dr. Duncan'S researches on the Palæontology of the West Indies have so much enhanced the value of any fossils found in those islands, that I do not hesitate to make a few remarks on some Orbitoides contained in a piece of Antiguan ‘Chert’, given many years ago, by Dr. Nugent, to the Geological Society, and to which Mr. H. M. Jenkins, Assistant-Secretary G.S., some months since directed my attention; and also on some specimens of fossiliferous flint and limestone from Jamaica.
II. On a Section of the Lower Chalk near Ely
Authors: Seeley Harry
Published: July 2013

Ely stands on a hill extending somewhat beyond the city as a ridge to the north; and a mile north-east of the Cathedral, at a spot variously named Roslyn or Roswell Hole, its flank is reached at a well-known pit, where the Kimmeridge Clay is dug for mending the river-banks; and the excavation shows some Boulder-clay and Chalk. What the relative positions and relations of these latter deposits may be has been long disputed; some holding that the Chalk is there in sitû, let down by a fault; others maintaining that it is merely such a drifted mass, included in the Boulder-clay, as those which form so strange a feature in the Drift of the Norfolk Coast.† Professor Sedgwick has long been convinced that this latter view is a groundless hyothesis; for when the railway was made from Ely to Lynn, it exposed at about 100 yards off a section showing Kimmeridge Clay and Chalk side by side, and Boulder-clay between them; so the conclusion inevitably followed that there had been a great fault; letting down the Chalk for at least two or three hundred feet. This section was still to be seen in the spring of 1860, when I examined it. The faulted faces of both stratified formations were perfectly erect, parted by a column of Boulder-clay, some twelve feet wide, which from a distance looked like a basaltic dyke.
III. On the Laurenation Formation: its Mineral, Constitution, its Geographical Distribution, and its Residuary Elements of Life
Authors: Bigsby J. J.
Published: July 2013

It is indended in this paper to present a general outline of the Laurentian Formation under the heads mentioned in the above title; dwelling principally on the latter clause, its residuary elements of life, or, in other words, on those mineral substances, contained within it, which at some earlier period have been the constituents of organic bodies. This formation, or system of rocks, which have been called ‘fundamental,’ has of late years very generally received the name of ‘Laurentian,’ a geographical denomination, taken from the country (Laurentide or Laurentian Mountains) in which it has been well studied, and where it exists in vast force. An assemblage of metamorhosed rocks may usually br considered ‘Laurentain,’ when over great spaces (with or without the intervention of the Huronian and Cambrian rocks) it underlies discordantly beds more or less fossiliferous, named ‘Primordial’ in Bohemia, ‘Lingula-flags’ in Wales, ‘Potsdam Sandstone’ in North America.
A Dialogue Model: The Role of the Domestic Judge in Security Council Decision-Making
Authors: HOVELL DEVIKA
Published: July 2013

This article proposes a different theoretical account of the role of domestic courts when engaged in judicial review of decision-making by international institutions. Many domestic courts in democratic societies operate in accordance with a ‘public-law model’ when adjudicating questions related to international decision-making, underwritten by respect for doctrines such as the rule of law and separation of powers. Drawing on a case study of domestic-court decisions in the Security Council sanctions context, this article seeks to demonstrate how the public law model's focus on concepts of ‘bindingness’ and hierarchy between judicial and political organs can lead to distorted outcomes when applied to decision-making by international institutions. As an alternative, the author proposes a different theoretical account of the judicial role, described as the ‘dialogue model’, of courts when engaging in the review of Security Council decision-making. The idea is that domestic courts should confine themselves to tools of ‘interpretation’ and ‘declaration’ in their approach to international decision-making, so as to position their judgments in a more theoretically supportable way in the broader legal context.
Eye disease in older people
Authors: Purbrick Robert MJ , Ah-Chan John J , Downes Susan M
Published: July 2013

Age-related changes affect all structures of the eye, and while age-related changes may influence the quality of vision, it is important to distinguish age-related physiological changes from pathological changes. This is important particularly when identifying pathological changes that may be treatable. The prevalence of visual loss increases substantially after 60 years of age and poor vision is the second most prevalent physical disability in older people. This review describes the normal ageing changes of the eye and outlines common ophthalmic diseases affecting older people. We refer to recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, and relevant current research.
Ziel erreicht! Aber auch verändert?
Authors: Ülsmann Dominik , Schulte Dietmar
Published: July 2013

Theoretischer Hintergrund: In faktorenanalytischen Untersuchungen verschiedener Psychotherapieerfolgswerte resultieren meist sogenannte Methodenfaktoren. Hierbei lassen sich Zwei-Punkt-Messungen (Prä-Post) von Ein-Punkt-Messungen zu Therapieende (Post) trennen. Einige Studien betrachten diese Divergenz der Erfolgswerte als Ergebnis einer unterschiedlichen Zeitperspektive (Veränderungsmaße versus retrospektive Erfolgsbeurteilungen). Fragestellung: Ist die unterschiedliche Zeitperspektive tatsächlich für die Divergenz der Erfolgswerte verantwortlich? Methode: Über vorhandene Studien hinausgehend werden Patienten (N = 59) aufgefordert ihre Prä-Werte zu Therapieende abermals retrospektiv zu schätzen (Retro). Retro-Post Differenzwerte werden als retrospektives Maß der Veränderung zusätzlich in eine Faktorenanalyse verschiedener Erfolgswerte einbezogen. Ergebnisse: Es lässt sich eine zweifaktorielle Struktur mit den Komponenten „Veränderung” und „Restsymptomatik/Zielerreichung” zeigen. Verschiedene retrospektive Strategien müssen unterschiedlichen Faktoren zugeordnet werden. Schlussfolgerungen: Differenzwerte (Prä-Post, Retro-Post) lassen sich komplementär von einer subjektiven Heuristik der Erfolgsbeurteilung abgrenzen, die einen Abgleich von aktuellem Befinden und Zielvorstellungen vornimmt. Hierbei spielt die Retrospektivität der Erhebung–also die Zeitperspektive–nur eine untergeordnete Rolle.
Moral Urbanism, Asylum, and the Politics of Critique
Authors: Darling Jonathan
Published: July 2013

The city of Sheffield was the UK's first ‘City of Sanctuary’, an identification which suggested that the city would act to welcome asylum seekers and refugees through promoting a ‘culture of hospitality’. In this paper I seek to interrogate such claims and explore how the promotion of a language of hospitality marks a form of ‘moral urbanism’ through which the city is linked to specific values and obligations that enable the governmental ordering of responses to asylum. In exploring public statements, media discussions, and interview accounts of asylum in the city, I argue that a normative account of how to live with asylum is articulated, one which establishes expectations of both citizens and noncitizens alike. The paper opens by tracing this narrative construction of Sheffield as a place with a ‘welcoming tradition’ through a series of high-profile events of refuge and their reiterative embedding in the public imaginary. I then question this account through demonstrating how such moments of welcome are conditioned by logics of acceptability and control, before considering how the governmental entanglements of moral urbanism might be contested through a politics of critique.