bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical profile and seroepidemiology of scrub typhus and its concurrent infections associated with other tropical fevers: a two-year study from a tertiary care centre in North India
Authors: Matlani Monika , Maheshwari Supriya , Dubey Neha , Mina Shyam S. , Dogra Vinita
Published: October 2020

Background: The study showed epidemiological aspects, clinical profile and laboratory features of patients presenting with scrub typhus alone and scrub typhus along with concurrent infections namely typhoid, malaria, leptospira, chikungunya and dengue.Methods: A total of 383 suspected cases of Scrub typhus were tested by IgM ELISA from January 2017 to October 2018. Appropriates tests were performed to determine the coinfections of scrub typhus with dengue, chikungunya, malaria, leptospirosis and typhoid fever.Results: Of the 383 samples received, 68 were positive for scrub typhus. Commonest clinical manifestations were fever, shortness of breath, myalgia, headache and jaundice. Maximum number of co infection cases were observed along with dengue.Conclusions: With the rapidly changing epidemiology of scrub typhus, it is very important to become familiar with its clinical presentation when presenting alone and as a concurrent infection with other acute febrile infections.
Utilization pattern of blood and its components in a tertiary care super speciality hospital
Authors: Handa Anjali , Bundas Sunita , Pal Ashok
Published: October 2020

Background: Blood is the most precious gift for human life. Blood transfusion services play a vital role in managing health care services. There is no substitute for blood and its components till date, therefore blood donation drive is very crucial. The primary responsibility of blood transfusion services is to provide safe, sufficient and timely supply of blood and blood products. There has been shift for usage of blood and blood components from the use of whole blood so that maximum utilization of this precious resource could be done. Aim and objectives was to study pattern of utilization of blood and blood components in a super speciality hospital with the indications for transfusions for different components during the study period.Methods: This retrospective study for 12 months (January 2019- December 2 019) on pattern of utilization of blood components was carried out in the department of immunohaematology and transfusion medicine in a super speciality hospital.Results: There were total of 90237 transfusions which were carried out during the study period of 12 months. During the study period, 366 stored whole blood units, 55300 Packed RBC units, 19111 FFP units, 14298 Random Donor Platelet units, 1119 single donor platelets and 43 cryoprecipitate units were issued for use in patients admitted to our hospital.Conclusions: Periodic review and audit of blood component usage becomes essential to assess the blood utilization pattern in any hospital.
Consumos de sustancias psicoactivas: del castigo al cuidado
Authors: Ronzani Telmo Mota , Touzé Graciela
Published: October 2020

Si bien los consumos de sustancias psicoactivas son una práctica que se remonta a los albores de la humanidad, en el último siglo se han constituido en un problema que interpela a la comunidad científica, a las agencias estatales de control, a los profesionales que actúan en los más diversos ámbitos, a la comunidad toda. Siendo una cuestión compleja que se expresa en múltiples manifestaciones, se ha tendido a circunscribirla como enfermedad y/o como delito; sin embargo, no todas las formas de consumo representan un uso problemático, ni producen trastornos por el uso de sustancias. En este sentido, la convocatoria abierta “Consumos de sustancias psicoactivas: del castigo al cuidado” reunió investigaciones que aportan conocimientos y acciones contrarias al punitivismo, que desgraciadamente insiste en permanecer en la sociedad.
Identifying Barriers to Umbilical Cord Blood Banking in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Obstetricians
Authors: Abdulrazeq Fayez , M. Matsumoto2 Monica , Abduljabbar Reem , Al-Hajj Amira , Alayash Melad , Ballourah Rahaf , Issak Sumayya , Issak Zubeida
Published: October 2020

Background: The expansion of umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking necessitates a greater understanding among obstetricians in order to responsibly inform parents about UCB collection and storage. Gaps in knowledge can compromise public UCB banking efforts and result in missed opportunities and public misguidance about UCB banking.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was disseminated among obstetricians in Amman, Jordan. The questionnaire aimed to evaluate obstetricians’ knowledge of and attitude toward UCB storage and applications, as well as current practice patterns.
Results: Ninety-six obstetricians responded (55% response rate), most of whom were Jordanian (71%), female (83%), resident physicians (59%), and working in either private (43%) or public (42%) hospitals, with an average of 6.5 years in practice. Only 26% had personal experience in UCB collection, and 20% had received education on UCB collection. Nearly 75% said their hospitals lacked standard operating procedures, guidelines, or infectious disease screening for UCB units. Overall knowledge about UCB was moderate, and the internet was the most common information source (54%). Overall attitudes were positive, especially in desire to expand personal knowledge about UCB, integrate information into medical residency curricula, and establish a public UCB bank in Jordan. However, many believed that ethical (61%) and religious (56%) controversies surround UCB donation.
Conclusion: This study identifies deficiencies in quality control and experience in UCB collection in Jordan, as well as areas of inadequate knowledge and ethical controversies among obstetricians. These issues contribute to public misinformation and limit public UCB donation programs, and requires improved medical education on this topic
VAD Chemotherapy Versus Bortezomib Containing Regimens As Remission Induction For ASCT in Multiple Myeloma: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Şentürk Yıkılmaz Aysun , Akinci Sema , Mine Bakanay Şule , Dilek İmdat
Published: October 2020

Background: Complete response (CR) and very good partial response (VGPR) are targeted with pre-ASCT induction regimens in patients by diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM), who are candidates for ASCT. In this study, it was aimed to compare the response and survival evaluations of cases who underwent induction treatment by vincristine-doxorubicin-dexamethasone (VAD) protocol versus bortezomib containing regimens.
Materials and Methods: The data of 96 ASCT eligible patients, retrospectively analyzed. P value> 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: While 66 cases had received bortezomib containing regimens as induction regimen, 30 cases had received VAD protocol. The total survival was 91.3 (st.s 6) months and 43 (st.s 7.9) months, respectively, when we compared the cases without ASCT and with ASCT (p = 0.001). The OS of patients who underwent ASCT after reaching at least VGPR was longer than the underwent ASCT without reaching VGPR (p=0.019).  Post-ASCT PFS (p=0.717) and OS (p = 0.126) analyzes were performed in 74 cases undergoing ASCT treatment, there was no significant statistical difference when patients with treated by VAD protochol and treated by bortezomib containing regimens as pre-ASCT induction regimens was compared to each other.
Conclusion: Whatever the type of induction regimen is, the level of response achieved before ASCT is important. The survival of the myeloma patients are much more influenced with HDT-ASCT as well as post-transplantation strategies to keep the patients in remission. Even though it is outdated, we think that the VAD protocol may be an option in patients who are not responding with the new generation of agents in the following days.
The Antihelminthic Drug, Mebendazole, Induces Apoptosis in Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Cancer Cells: In-vitro Trial
Authors: Maali Amirhosein , Ferdosi-Shahandashti Elaheh , Sadeghi Farzin , Aali Ehsan
Published: October 2020

Background: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a poor prognostic Hematopoietic malignancy with various therapeutic challenges, which had been classified as non-Hodgkin lymphoma.  The Drug switching, as a novel, innovative and promising approach, is an opportunity to overcoming on therapeutic challenges of hard-treating disease, e.g. ATLL. Our aim is evaluating the antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of Mebendazole (MBZ) on ATLL cancer cells in in-vitro conditions.
Materials and Methods: We used Jurkat cell-line as ATLL cancer cells. After treatment of MBZ in different concentrations on jurkat cells, the cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay. After IC50 value determination, the 24-, 48- and 72-h treatments had been performed in IC50 concentration and control to evaluating the quantitative apoptosis rate by Annexin/PI Flowcytometry and qualitative apoptosis by DAPI Nuclear staining. Also, Glucose spectrophotometry were performed to evaluate the reduced amount of glucose uptake through MBZ treatment.
Results: MBZ inhibits proliferation of jurkat cells and IC50 value had been estimated 10 μM (P< 0.01). According to the flowcytometric results, increasing in drug concentration is associated with decrease cell viability and the percentage of full-apoptosis. However, it inversely correlates with percentage of early-apoptosis rate. Also, the microscopic captures of DAPI Nuclear staining confirms the flowcytometry results in qualitative manner. In addition, it was found that inhibition of glucose uptake was inversely correlated with increased MBZ concentration (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: MBZ potentially inhibits the proliferation of ATLL cancer cells in in-vitro condition. MBZ inhibits the growth of Jurkat cells by inducing apoptosis. Also, we suggest that indirectly inhibition of Glucose transporting occurs by MBZ, which could induce apoptosis in cancer cells.
Contato pele a pele e aleitamento materno: experiências de puérperas
Authors: Jung Silvana Mendes , Rodrigues Fernanda Araujo , Herber Silvani
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Descrever as experiências de puérperas quanto ao contato pele a pele com o recém-nascido, realizado na primeira hora de vida e o início do aleitamento materno. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, realizado com abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com puérperas no Alojamento Conjunto de um hospital privado. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada. As informações foram submetidas à técnica de análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultados: Foram elaboradas duas categorias: Contato pele a pele, na primeira hora de vida e os sentimentos vivenciados e Vivenciando o início do aleitamento materno. Observou-se que o contato pele a pele não fora realizado, conforme preconizado, mas, apesar disso, as participantes consideraram esse momento como importante, para auxiliar no início do aleitamento materno, pois se sentiram mais confiantes. Conclusão: Identificou-se que a instituição ainda utiliza um modelo intervencionista. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa foi relevante, pois poderá contribuir para a reflexão dos profissionais em relação aos cuidados prestados ao binômio mãe-bebê, possibilitando a qualificação das práticas do contato pele a pele e do aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida.
Tripe Palms: A Rare Cutaneous Paraneoplastic Disorder
Authors: Miroux-Catarino Alexandre , Silva Leandro , Catorze Goreti
Published: October 2020

N/a.
Voltammetric determination of resveratrol using poly(l-phenylalanine)-modified gold electrode
Authors: Güngör Öznur , Ben Ali Hassine Chedia , Burç Muammer , Titretir Duran Serap
Published: October 2020

In this study, we investigated the electrochemical modification of a gold electrode using poly(L-phenylalanine) and its applicability for the quantification of resveratrol (RESV). The gold electrode was modified with L-phenylalanine employing cyclic voltammetry (CV) in aqueous solution. The detection of RESV with the modified electrode was investigated by square wave voltammetry (SWV) in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH = 1.2). The analytical calibration curve for RESV showed a linear response with concentration in the oxidation peak current range from 50 to 1000 µM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 35.16 µM and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 105.5 µM. The application of the prepared electrochemical sensor was carried out with a standard addition method in red wine samples.
Corrosion protection of tin by some carboxylic acids in sodium chloride solution
Authors: Škugor Rončević Ivana , Vladislavić Nives , Buzuk Marijo , Buljac Maša , Lukin Anđela
Published: October 2020

Tin is a moderately corrosion resistant material that is widely used in tinplate for food beverages. However, despite its excellent corrosion resistance, the presence of oxidizing agents enhances tin dissolution. Dissolution of metallic tin, especially from the inside of a can body into the food content has a major influence on the food quality and may cause toxicological effects. To overcome the problem, different chemical compounds are added. The most utilized inhibitors in the food industry are nitrites and nitrates well-known as hazardous to health. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of carboxylic acids on the corrosion resistance of tin since they are present in fruit juices and different foodstuffs. The corrosion protection efficiency of the carboxylate coatings was investigated in a sodium chloride solution using electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. The structural characteristics of the surface coatings were investigated using the FTIR spectroscopy and optical microscope.
The Role of adaptive MSCs as an Attempt Regeneration of Spermatogenesis Process Using by Hypoxia Precondition In Vitro
Authors: Safitri Erma
Published: October 2020

The aim of this research was to obtain to get adaptive MSCs by an treatment in hypoxia precondition in viro culture. Ini this research, hypoxia precondition was to be given 3% O2 concentration and compared to those of normoxia culture in O2 > 20%. Results showed that under 3% O2 concentration, CD105+ and CD45- by flowcytometri, immunocytokimia and immunofluorescence didn’t experience of change (undifferentiated). Meanwhile under > 20% O2 concentration, cells have experienced of change (not undifferentiated again), that was indicated with CD105+ become decrease and CD45- increase by flowcytometri, immunocytokimia and immunofluorescence. Conclusion, in this research showed that hypoxia precondition with 3% O2 concentration very support MSCs to constantly adaptive before transplantated for disturbance of spermatogenesis process, because did’nt experience become progenitor cells was not expectation (still undifferentiated).
Fine-Tune Robust Optimization
Authors: Balbino Barbosa Filho Alexandre Cesar , Mauro da Silva Neiro Sergio
Published: October 2020

A Robust Optimization framework with original concepts and fundamentals also admitting a fusion of ideals from relative regret models and static robust optimization, containing conservatism concepts is disclosed. The algorithm uses a fine-tune strategy to tune the model so the robustness and a target ideality can be mutually achieved with a specified risk. The framework comprises original concepts, a mathematical approach and an algorithm. The statistical treatment of the data with the original concepts from the framework make it able to make short, middle or long-term decision-making setting. The framework has high tractability since the algorithm forces the creation of a setting that makes a robust optimization with the specified risk. The framework can be applied in linear and nonlinear mathematical models since that the objective function is monotonic in the domain of the active convex region. Several examples are solved to best understand the framework and all results demonstrated high tractability and performance. There is a wide range of applications. Along all the text, there is a profound discussion about its philosophy, objective, original concepts, fields of application, statistical and probabilistic fundamentals.
The Development and Effect of a Simulation Education Program Based on the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS)
Authors: Jang Jae-Hyuk , Kim Sang Suk , Kim Sunghee
Published: October 2020

This study focused on the development and implementation of an educational simulation program based on Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) for nurses in emergency medical centers who completed KTAS training. We also examined its educational effects based on the evaluation of clinical decision-making ability, job satisfaction, and customer orientation. The study participants were 30 nurses in the emergency medical center of a general hospital. Data were collected from May 3 to 24, 2017, and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. There was a significant difference in the mean scores in clinical decision-making ability, job satisfaction, and customer orientation before and after simulation education. In other words, emergency nurses who received KTAS-based simulation education program improved their clinical decision making ability, job satisfaction, and customer orientation. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that it can be used for KTAS education, and it was found that simulation-based education is a useful learning method for triage nurses in emergency medical center.
Harnessing the Potential of Plant Transcription Factors in Developing Climate-Smart Crops: Future Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Shahzad Rahil , Jamil Shakra , Ahmad Shakeel , Nisar Amina , Amina Zarmaha , Saleem Shazmina , Iqbal Muhammad Zaffar , Atif Rana Muhammad , Thompson Richard D. , Wang Xiukang
Published: October 2020

Crop plants should be resilient to climatic factors in order to feed ever-increasing populations. Plants have developed stress-responsive mechanisms by changing their metabolic pathways and switching the stress-responsive genes. The discovery of plant transcriptional factors (TFs) as key regulators of different biotic and abiotic stresses have opened up new horizons for plant scientists. TFs perceive the signal and switch certain stress-responsive genes on and off by binding to different cis-regulatory elements. The above 50 species of plant TFs have been reported in nature. DREB, bZIP, MYB, NAC, Zinc-finger, HSF, Dof, WRKY, and NF-Y are important with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses whereas the role of many TFs is yet to explore. In this review, we summarize the role of different stress-responsive TFs with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further, challenges and future opportunities linked with TFs for developing climate-resilient crops are also elaborated.
Depression, Loneliness, Activities of Daily Living, Social Support, and Life Satisfaction in Older Adults at High-Risk for Dementia
Authors: Kim Sunghee , Son Heesook , Choe Kwisoon , Lee Kyoungsook
Published: October 2020

As the number of older adults with dementia increases, early diagnosis and intervention are crucially important. The purpose of this study was to conduct dementia screening on older adults to determine whether there are differences in daily activities of living, depression, loneliness, social support, and life satisfaction between older adults at high-risk for dementia compared with low-risk older adults. We hypothesized a negative relationship between high-risk older adults and these factors. This study also hypothesized a moderating effect for social support on the relationship between daily living activities and life satisfaction. This study used a cross-sectional design with survey data. Participants were recruited at 15 public community health centers in South Korea. A total of 609 older adults (male 208, female 401) living in the community were screened for early dementia, and 113 participants (18.9 %) were assigned to the high-risk group. As hypothesized, participants in the high-risk group showed significantly more negative results ​​in terms of activities of daily living, depression, loneliness, social support, and life satisfaction compared with participants in the low-risk group. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the importance of early screening for dementia and policies for effective dementia prevention.
Towards Connectionless Communication for Local Message Dissemination
Authors: Mao Ying
Published: October 2020

With the prevalence of smartphones, the scope of mobile applications has been significantly broadened in the past few years including almost every aspect of our daily life. Among the applications, message dissemination services play a significant role. Traditionally, users send messages to the servers, which forward them according to friend lists. This client-server architecture is efficient with the support of infrastructures, however, it restricts the application scope and may hinder the wide deployment of location-based mobile applications. This paper proposes a novel communication model called passive broadcast for local message dissemination. In this new model, each node does not maintain a connection state and data delivery is initialized by a receiver via a ’scan’ operation. The representative carriers of passive broadcast include Bluetooth and WiFi-Direct, both of which define a mandatory ‘peer discovery’ function. Passive broadcast features negligible cost for establishing and maintaining direct links and is extremely suitable for short message dissemination in proximity. Furthermore, we study the operation management in the proposed communication model with complete protocols and in-depth analysis for optimization. We prototyped our solution on commercial phones and evaluated it with extensive experiments and simulation.
Hepatitis C Virus E2—Host Cell Receptor, HSPA5, Binding Site Prediction
Authors: Elgohary Alaa , Elfiky Abdo
Published: October 2020

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is the main causative factor for liver cirrhosis and the development of liver cancer, with a confirmed ~ 180 million infections worldwide. E2 is an HCV structural protein responsible for virus entry to the host cell. Heat Shock Protein A5 (HSPA5), also termed BiP and GRP78, is the master regulator of the unfolded protein response mechanism, where it mainly localizes in the lumen of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) in normal conditions. Under the stress of HCV infection or carcinogenesis, HSPA5 is upregulated. Consequently, HSPA5 escapes the ER retention localization and translocates to the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Pep42, a cyclic peptide that was reported to target explicitly cell-surface HSPA5 in vivo. Owing to the high sequence and structural conservation between the C554-C566 region of HCV E2 and the Pep42, then we propose that the HCV E2 C554-C566 region could be the recognition site. The motivation of this work is to predict the possible binding mode between HCV E2 and HSPA5 by implementing molecular docking to test such proposed binding. Docking results reveal the high potent binding of the HCV E2 C554-C566 region to HSPA5 substrate-binding domain β (SBDβ). Moreover, the full-length HCV E2 also exhibits high binding potency to HSPA5 SBDβ. Defining the binding mode between HCV E2 and HSPA5 is of significance, so one can interfere with such binding and reducing the viral infection.
PERUMUSAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BUMDes DI DESA MEKARBAKTI, KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Kanti Runita Arum , Sofia Poppy
Published: October 2020

The economic potential of a village needs to be developed and managed properly in order to provide sustainable benefits for the village. One of the instruments to realize this goal is the Village Enterprises, known as the BUMDes. BUMDes, is a business entity whose capital is wholly or mostly owned by the Village through investments from the Village and are created  to manage assets, services, and other businesses to generate welfare for the its community. Mekarbakti Village is one of the villages in Sumedang Regency which has a variety of economic potential. This research seeks to formulate an optimal strategy for developing BUMDes in Mekarbakti Village through the use of the Village economic potential. The approach used in this research is descriptive research. The data used are primary data taken from interviews. The results of this research are three strategies for developing BUMDes obtained through a SWOT analysis.
 
Keywords: Village enterprise, strategy, development, economic potential, SWOT.
 
ABSTRAK
Potensi ekonomi desa perlu dikembangkan dan dikelola dengan baik agar memberikan manfaat yang berkelanjutan bagi desa. Salah satu instrumen yang mampu mewujudkan hal tersebut adalah pendirian Badan Usaha Milik Desa atau dikenal dengan BUMDes. BUMDes, adalah badan usaha yang seluruh atau sebagian besar modalnya dimiliki oleh Desa melalui penyertaan secara langsung yang berasal dari kekayaan Desa yang dipisahkan guna mengelola aset, jasa pelayanan, dan usaha lainnya untuk sebesar-besarnya kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa. Desa Mekarbakti merupakan salah satu desa di Kabupaten Sumedang yang memiliki beragam potensi ekonomi. Penelitian ini berusaha merumuskan strategi optimal guna mengembangkan BUMDes di Desa Mekarbakti melalui pemanfaatan potensi ekonomi Desa. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer yang diambil dari wawancara. Hasil dari penelitan ini adalah bahwa terdapat tiga strategi pengembangan BUMDes yang diperoleh melalui analisis SWOT.
 
Kata kunci: BUMDes, strategi, pengembangan, potensi ekonomi, SWOT.
Эпидемиологическая ситуация по коронавирусной инфекции и принятые меры в Социалистической Республике Вьетнам в январе-июне 2020 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена
Published: October 2020

Цель работы - анализ заболеваемости COVID-19 во Вьетнаме с период с 23.01.2020 по 15.06.2020. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ эффективности проводимых социально-экономических, противоэпидемических мер в борьбе с новой коронавирусной инфекции во Вьетнаме. В работе использована информация, опубликованная на электронных информационных ресурсах. Результаты и обсуждения. В развитии эпидемического процесса выделяется три периода. Первый период связан с завозом и последующим распространением COVID-19 из Китая, второй – из стран Европы, Азии, Японии и Австралии; третий – при возвращении вьетнамских граждан вывозными рейсами из стран Европы. Предпринятые меры по самоизоляции граждан, ограничению перемещения внутри страны, закрытие границ, ограничение функционирования ряда предприятий, закрытие образовательных учреждений, создание в стране лабораторной сети, разработка и выпуск тест-системы для диагностики SARS-CoV-2, введение обязательного декларирования состояния здоровья, перепрофилирование больниц для лечения больных COVID-19, организация изоляторов для 14 – дневного наблюдения за прибывшими, наращиванию мощности предприятий по выпуску масок, оказались эффективными и позволили не допустить распространение коронавируса во Вьетнаме.
Implantação e adaptação de atividades pedagógicas em um centro de educação ambiental de Itaúna-MG
Authors: Teixeira Catarina , Thamires Antunes Martins Bruna , Chaia Silveira Débora
Published: October 2020

O trabalho relata a implantação de atividades pedagógicas realizadas por meio de elaboração de roteiro para visitações, além de monitoramento e adaptações de atividades no Centro de Educação Ambiental de Itaúna-MG, durante o período de um ano e meio. O roteiro criado incluiu palestras e visitas à sala de Coleta Seletiva, quiosques, viveiro de mudas, entre outras atividades. Para avaliar as atividades e seus resultados foram realizadas visitas de três turmas do Ensino Fundamental II, e aplicados questionários ao término da visitação tanto para os alunos quanto para professoras. Para analisar os questionários respondidos, foi realizado um agrupamento das respostas que se assemelhavam. Com os resultados, procuramos identificar as reflexões geradas durante as visitas e o nível de interesse dos alunos ao se trabalhar a Educação Ambiental em ambiente não formal de ensino, mostrando a importância do Centro de Educação Ambiental para a formação de valores e posicionamentos.
Quantitative analysis of TMT phosphorylation modification to investigate the effect of verbascoside on the expression of phosphorylated protein in AD cell model
Authors: Xing Haiyan Xing Haiyan , Dong Zhiqiang Dong Zhiqiang , Li Gang Li Gang , Du Xiaoli Du Xiaoli , Fan Lei Fan Lei , Wang Shengnan Wang Shengnan , Zhao Lulu Zhao Lulu , Gu Chao Gu Chao , Gao Yuan Gao Yuan
Published: October 2020

Background—The active monomer Verbascum glycosides in Cistanche tubulosa has good development prospects in terms of neuroprotection and delaying neurodegenerative diseases, and it has become one of the research hot spots. To investigate the effect of verbascoside (OC1) on the expression of phosphorylated protein in the protective effect of AD cell model by TMT labeling and phosphorylation enrichment technique and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quantitative proteomics research strategy. Methods—The normal control group, the model group Aβ1-42(10μmol/L) group and the OC1(10μg/ml) administration group were set. (1)protein extraction quality control. (2)TMT mark. (3)HPLC classification and modification enrichment. (4)Analysis of mass spectrometry by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. (5)Analysis of bioinformatics results. (6)Western Blotting was used to detect the expression levels of p-CaMKII(Thr286), p-Synapsin1(Ser603)/Synapsin1, Synaptophysin and Synaptotagmin-1 protein. Results—The study finally identified 9020 phosphorylation sites on 3227 proteins, of which 8635 sites of 3134 proteins contained quantitative information. Screening of differential sites follows the following criteria: 1.2 times the change threshold and CV value < 0.1. Based on the above data and standards, we performed a systematic bioinformatics analysis of proteins containing quantitative information sites. Western Blotting results showed that Verbascoside could promote the expression of p-CaMKII (Thr286), p-Synapsin (Ser603)/Synapsin, Synaptophysin and Synaptotagmin-1 protein. Conclusions—Verbascoside(OC1) can increase the expression of phosphorylated protein in AD cell model, which provides a basis for further study on the molecular mechanism of verbascoside promoting neurotransmitter release.
Access to health care for gaming disorder: A patient-centred approach to address the continuum of need
Authors: Park Jennifer J , Wilkinson-Meyers Laura , King Daniel L , Rodda Simone
Published: October 2020

Background Problematic gaming, including its most serious form known as gaming disorder (GD) in the ICD-11, affects approximately 1-3% of the population and can have significant negative impacts on health and wellbeing. Research to determine the optimal health system responses to GD remains limited. This study aimed to identify and describe the key components of a patient-centred approach to prevention, early intervention, and treatment of GD. Methods Online interviews were conducted with 20 adults (90% male; Mage=23y) currently seeking help for GD. The interview protocol was guided by a health care access framework which investigated participants’ experiences and needs related to accessing professional support. Transcripts were analysed in NVivo using qualitative content analysis to systematically classify participant data into the themes informed by this framework. Results Although the characteristics and resultant harms of GD were broadly recognised, participants indicated that these issues may not always be viewed by healthcare providers as a serious problem that requires intervention or that could be addressed through treatment. This highlights a significant barrier to access at the beginning of the patient journey when patients may perceive that they have a legitimate need for care and seek a relevant, tailored, and safe service to meet this need. Participants described the essential components of an effective health service for GD as including: valid and reliable screening tools for GD; practitioners with specialist knowledge of GD that includes, or is strongly informed by, lived experience of peers; and access to a multimodal system of intervention, including self-help, internet and face-to-face options that allow gamers to transition between types and intensity of support. Conclusion A comprehensive health care approach for gaming disorder is currently in its infancy and there are numerous service access and delivery issues still to be resolved. This study highlights the importance of involving individuals with GD in developing solutions that are fit for purpose and address the spectrum of intervention needs. These findings recommend a stepped GD healthcare system that adheres to evidence-based practice tailored to each individual and the implementation of standard assessment and routine outcome monitoring.
Real-world evaluation of a computed tomography-first triage strategy for suspected coronavirus disease 2019 in emergency outpatients in Japan: an observational cohort study
Authors: Miyake Shigeta , Higurashi Takuma , Jono Takashi , Akimoto Taisuke , Ogawa Fumihiro , Oi Yasufumi , Tanaka Katsushi , Hara Yu , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Kato Hideaki , Yamashiro Tsuneo , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Nakajima Atsushi , Yamamoto Tetsuya , Maeda Shin , Kaneko Takeshi , Takeuchi Ichiro
Published: October 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread worldwide. Because of the absence of reliable rapid diagnostic systems, patients with COVID-19 symptoms are suspected of disease. Computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected COVID-19 may be reasonable for triaging, and CT-first triage strategies have been proposed. However, clinical evaluation of a CT-first triage protocol is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the real-world efficacy and limitations of a CT-first triage strategy in patients with suspected COVID-19.Methods: This was a single-center cohort study evaluating outpatients with suspected COVID-19 who underwent a medical examination at Yokohama City University Hospital and who were prospectively registered between 9 February and 5 May 2020. We treated patients according to the CT-first triage protocol. CT findings were classified into five categories according to the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS). With the CT-first triage protocol, patients with a suspicious clinical history, symptoms, or suspicious findings on chest CT were allocated to the COVID-19 suspected group. The primary outcome was efficacy of the CT-first triage protocol for outpatients with suspected COVID-19. We conducted additional analyses of the isolation time of outpatients with suspected COVID-19 and reached final diagnoses.Results: In total, 108 outpatients with suspected COVID-19 were examined at our hospital. Forty-eight patients (44.9%) were categorized as CO-RADS 1, 26 patients (24.3%) as CO-RADS 2, 14 patients (13.1%) as CO-RADS 3, 6 patients (5.6%) as CO-RADS 4, and 13 patients (12.1%) as CO-RADS 5. One patient was excluded because of pregnancy. Using the CT-first triage protocol, 48 (44.9%) patients were suspected of having COVID-19. Nine patients (18.8%) in this group were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using polymerase chain reaction; no patients in the group not suspected of having COVID-19 were diagnosed with COVID-19 during follow up. The protocol significantly shortened the duration of isolation for the not-suspected versus the suspected group (70.5 vs. 1037.0 minutes, P < .001). Conclusions: Our CT-first triage protocol was acceptable for triaging outpatients with suspected COVID-19. This protocol will be helpful for appropriate triage, especially in areas where polymerase chain reaction is limited.
Caring for older dependent people in low and middle-income countries: the effect of age on mental health in caregivers
Authors: Phetsitong Ruttana , Vapattawong Patama , Mayston Rosie , Prince Martin , Chua Kia-Chong
Published: October 2020

Background: Older people worldwide are living with chronic health problems, of whom 80% are from low and middle-income countries. Caregiver stress is a complex interplay of health and socio-economic factors with older caregivers; however, the effects of caregiver age upon their mental health have not been well-described. This study aimed to examine whether caregiver age predicts their mental health outcomes in terms of psychological morbidity and care burden in Latin America and China. Methods: The present study was based on cross-sectional baseline data of seven low and middle-income countries: Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico, China, and Puerto Rico. Data were collected between February 2003 and June 2009 by the 10/66 Dementia Research Group. Data from 1348 households where the caregiver provided care for one older person in the household were included in the current analysis. Psychological morbidity was assessed through the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. The Zarit Burden Inventory was used to measure the levels of care burden of caregivers. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of caregiver age upon psychological morbidity and care burden. Meta-analysis was performed to obtain a pooled estimate of overall odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the analyses from the different countries, using the inverse-variance weighted fixed-effect method.Results: The prevalence of households with older caregivers is almost at the same level as that of households with younger caregivers in Puerto Rico and China. The models unadjusted and adjusted for all potential covariates (household size, number of household assets, caregiver sex, caregiver marital status, caregiver education, cognitive impairment of older person, functional dependency of older person, behavioural problems of older person, and caregiving hours) showed that there was no statistically significant difference in psychological morbidity and care burden between older caregivers and non-older caregivers across countries. The adjusted pooled estimates, however, indicated lower psychological morbidity among older caregivers (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41–0.93, I2 = 0.0%).Conclusions: Older caregivers are at lower risk of mental health problem than younger caregivers. This information may help to provide a greater understanding for service support, policy makers, and health care providers.
Can a multifactorial geriatric assessment predict older adult´s adherence to a fall prevention program?
Authors: Varanda Renata dos Ramos , Ishigaki Erika Yukie , Magalhães Maria Aquimara Zambone , Passos Adson da Silva , Leme Luiz Eugenio , Paschoal Sergio Marcio P , Perracini Monica Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThere is evidence in the literature of the effectiveness of multifactorial interventions in reducing the occurrence of falls in elderly residents in the community. However, low adherence to prevention programs is cited in the literature as a recurring problem, questioning the effectiveness and sustainability of these programs. The aim of this study is to compare subgroups of fallers with different levels of adherence to a multifactorial fall prevention program in terms of a broad range of sociodemographic, medical, disability, physical functioning, and psychological measures in a multifactorial geriatric assessment, and identify which of these measures explain optimal adherence.MethodsA prospective study conducted with two hundred and fifty-seven community-dwelling people aged ≥ 60 years who participated in a multifactorial fall prevention program. All participants underwent assessments on sociodemographic, medical, disability, physical functioning, and psychological measures. The presence on weekly sessions over 12 weeks was used to ascertain adherence. Subgroups of participants with low, moderate and high adherence were determined by k-means cluster analysis, and were compared regarding variables of interest. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted to identify participants with an optimal adherence (median; ≥ 10 sessions). ResultsParticipants with low (1 up to 4), moderate (5 up to 8) and high adherence (≥ 9 sessions) corresponded to 13.2%, 19.5% and 67.3%, respectively. Of all measures, only the low perceived risk of falling was able to discriminate subgroups of adherence. Multivariate regression analyses adjusted for covariates identified that older people with optimal adherence were less likely to be depressed and were more likely to present a higher score in a global cognition measure. Conclusions Implementation strategies should be undertaken to understand the views and beliefs of older people with low perceived risk of falling and offer person-centered rationale to increase engagement. Treating and closely monitoring older adults with depression early in the pathway of care for falls prevention so as to optimize enablers may promote adherence to programs.
A Chromosome-level Assembly of a Wild Castor Genome Provides New Insights into Adaptive Evolution in a Tropical Desert
Authors: Lu Jianjun , Cheng Pan , Fan Wei , Liu Wanfei , Zhao Huayan , Li Donghai , Sen Wang , Hu Lianlian , He Bing , Qian Kun , Qin Rui , Lin Qiang , Lü Shiyou , Cui Peng
Published: October 2020

Wild castor grows in the high-altitude tropical desert of the African Plateau, a region that has high ultraviolet radiation, strong light and extremely dry conditions. Some genes or alleles persist in the wild castor genome to prevent the species being vanished at extreme condition, but usually be decayed under domestication due to the relaxation of natural selection. To investigate the potential genetic basis of adaptation to both highland and tropical deserts, we generated a chromosome-level genome sequence of the wild castor accession WT05 with scaffold and contig N50 sizes of 31.93Mb and 8.96Mb, respectively. Compared with cultivated castor and other Euphorbiaceae plants, wild castor exhibits positive selection and gene family expansion for genes involved in DNA repair, photosynthesis and abiotic stress responses. Genetic variations associated with positive selection were identified in several key genes, such as LIG1, DDB2, and RECG1, involved in nucleotide excision repair. Moreover, a study of genomic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions revealed genomic regions containing selection signatures associated with the adaptation to extreme environments. The identification of the genes and alleles with selection signatures provide insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying the adaptation of wild castor to the high-altitude tropical desert, and would serve as targets for directing improvement of modern castor varieties.
Analysis of the Challenges and Problems in the Development of Public Health System in Beijing, China
Authors: Mao Ayan , Chu Cordia , Yang Yujie , Meng Yueli , Qiu Wuqi
Published: October 2020

Background: To discern the main problems of Beijing’s public health service system, in order to provide suggestions to modernize the public health system and to enforce the implementation of the “Health Beijing 2030” plan. Methods: We carried out a quantitative study mostly based on interviews. There are over 40 directors and scholars who came from public health institutions and government sectors or organization that related to the public health work in Beijing were interviewed. The interview records were summary analyzed on key issues in accordance with the interview outline. Results: The challenges for the system include the change of structure of the population, the impact of the changing spectrum of diseases and changing environmental factors, and macro-institutional changes. The main problems include structure of the public health system, capacity of public health staff, systems for information management and legal framework for public health. On this basis, several relevant policy recommendations are put forward. Conclusion: To improve the public health system, the Beijing municipal government should design and construction of a system planning and perfecting their investment mechanism on public health. Stability of personnel and encouragement of innovation in scientific research and reliable health information strategies are also urgent needed.
Effectiveness of the sequential 4-channel NMES compared with conventional 2-channel NMES for the treatment of dysphagia in a prospective double-blind randomized controlled study
Authors: Seo Kyoung-Ho , Jang Joonyoung , Jang Eun Gyeong , Park Yulhyun , Lee So Young , Kim Bo Ryun , Park Donghwi , Park Sungwon , Hwang Hyeoncheol , Kim Nam Hun , Oh Byung-Mo , Seo Han Gil , Lee Jun Chang , Ryu Ju Seok
Published: October 2020

Background: To date, conventional swallowing therapies and 2-channel NMES are standard treatments for dysphagia. The precise mechanism of 2-channel neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) treatment has yet to be determined, and controversy remains over the efficacy. The sequential 4-channel NMES was newly developed based on the normal contractile sequence of swallowing-related muscles. Objective: To evaluate and compare the rehabilitative effectiveness of sequential 4-channel NMES with that of conventional 2-channel NMES.Methods: In this prospective randomized case-control study, 23 subjects with dysphagia were enrolled. Twelve subjects with 4-channel NMES group and eleven subjects with 2-channel NMES group completed the intervention. Pretreatment and posttreatment evaluations were performed with the videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS), penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), MD Anderson dysphagia inventory (MDADI), functional oral intake scale (FOIS), and Likert scale.Results: The sequential 4-channel NMES group significantly improved the VDS (oral, pharyngeal, and total), PAS, FOIS, and MDADI (emotional, functional, and physical scale) compared with pretreatment data. The 2-channel NMES group significantly improved the VDS (oral, pharyngeal, and total) and MDADI (emotional, physical scale), but not the PAS and FOIS compared with pretreatment data. When the two groups were directly compared, the 4-channel NMES group showed significant improvement in oral and total VDS.Conclusions: Sequential 4-channel NMES activating the suprahyoid, thyrohyoid, and other infrahyoid muscles with proper interval time can be a new effective treatment for dysphagia.Trial registration : clinicaltrial.gov, registration number: NCT03670498, registered 13 September 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03670498?term=NCT03670498&draw=2&rank=1