bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODERN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR APPLICATION IN THE PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Mironova L. I. , Fomin N. I. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Vinokurov D. S. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Ogorodnikova S. S. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article: based on a theoretical analysis of existing digital technologies, such as: big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning, neural networks, human-machine interface, virtual reality, the Internet of things, robotization, etc., to show the direction of their application in the digital transformation of the construction industry, which determines the practical significance of the study. An analysis of the historical and technological aspects of the formation of the digital economy made it possible to clarify the concept of digitalization of an object or process. The core of the digital transformation of the construction industry is information modeling technologies, or BIM technologies (Building Information Model). The analysis of scientific publications on BIM technology, carried out by the authors of the article, made it possible to establish that to date a single definition of the concept of "BIM" has not been formed. Despite this, in the process of the emerging digital transformation of the construction industry, the following technological solutions are currently used: BIM, digital city modeling (City Information Model, CIM), lean construction (Lean Construction, LC), etc. More intensive implementation of these solutions can serve improving the process of digital transformation of the construction industry, which will lead to the creation of an industry digital ecosystem. In the process of its functioning, digital interaction of all participants in investment and construction projects will be carried out in the conditions of a cloud information and design environment.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN CONDITION THAT DIFFER FROM STANDARD
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Nekrasov A. V.
Published: April 2023

The natural ventilation systems of multi-story residential buildings are designed to meet the requirements for maximum air exchange. Their calculations under conditions significantly different from the standard, usually do not carry out and therefore do not provide measures to prevent their unstable operation. The article presents the results of the analysis of the ventilation system of a two-room section of a ten-story residential building using a mathematical model. To supply air to the apartment, ventilation valves are used. The air is removed from the apartments through two ventilation ducts. All apartments, except the last two floors, are connected to them via satellite channels. The system of equations of the model is based on the graph of the hydraulic network. It includes equations of the balance of air flow in the nodes of the graph and equations of pressure change in the links. In this case, the data presented in the catalogs of equipment manufacturers was used. The calculation results for conditions that differ from the design ones are presented, such as: significant differences in the supply air flow in individual apartments, the use of exhaust fans in some apartments, low outdoor temperature. The model under consideration allows us to explain the observed in practice air penetration through ventilation ducts from one apartment to another. It is shown that the main causes of this phenomenon are the low air transmission of modern window structures and the high hydraulic resistance of the supply valves, the use of ventilation ducts with various hydraulic resistances. The proposed approach allows already at the project stage to quantify the operation of the ventilation system in conditions that differ from standard and to optimize its design.
Factores que influyen en la alfabetización en salud de los pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria
Authors: Costa Ana Caroline da , Conceição Ana Paula da , Butcher Howard Karl , Butcher Rita de Cassia Gengo e Silva
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: investigar los factores que influyen en la alfabetización en salud de los pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria. Método: estudio transversal, que incluyó 122 pacientes con enfermedades coronarias (60,7% del sexo masculino; 62,07±8,8 años); se evaluó la alfabetización en salud y el conocimiento específico sobre la enfermedad mediante entrevistas con los participantes, utilizando el Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults e Short version of the coronary artery disease education questionnaire. Los datos fueron descritos por medidas de tendencia central y frecuencias. Los factores que influyen en la alfabetización en salud se determinaron mediante un modelo de regresión lineal. El nivel de significación adoptado fue del 5%. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación. Resultados: la edad y la hipertensión mostraron una relación inversa y significativa con la alfabetización en salud. Por otro lado, un mayor nivel educativo y tener empleo se asociaron con puntajes más altos en el instrumento de alfabetización en salud. El conocimiento específico sobre la enfermedad no influyó en la alfabetización en salud. Las variables del modelo de regresión explicaron el 55,3% de alfabetización inadecuada. Conclusión: en el presente estudio, se concluyó que el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad no influye en la alfabetización en salud, pero los profesionales deben considerar los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos para planificar las intervenciones.
Factors that influence health literacy in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Costa Ana Caroline da , Conceição Ana Paula da , Butcher Howard Karl , Butcher Rita de Cassia Gengo e Silva
Published: April 2023

Objective: to investigate the factors that exert an influence on health literacy in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: a crosssectional study, including 122 patients with coronary diseases (60.7% male; 62.07 ± 8.8 years old). Health literacy and specific knowledge about the disease were evaluated through interviews with the participants by means of the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults and the Short version of the coronary artery disease education questionnaire. The data were described by means of central tendency measures and frequencies. The factors that exert an influence on health literacy were determined by means of a linear regression model. The significance level adopted was 5%. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: age and arterial hypertension presented an inverse and significant relationship with health literacy. On the other hand, higher schooling levels and having a job were associated with better scores in the health literacy instrument. Specific knowledge about the disease did not exert any influence on health literacy. The variables included in the regression model explained 55.3% of inadequate literacy. Conclusion: this study, knowledge about the disease exerts no influence on health literacy: however, the professionals should consider the sociodemographic and clinical factors to plan the interventions.
Efecto del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en habilidades de Gestión del Cuidado: Estudio cuasiexperimental
Authors: Benítez-Chavira Luis Angel , Zárate-Grajales Rosa Amarilis , Moreno-Monsiváis María Guadalupe , Vite-Rodríguez Cecilia Xochitl , Hernández-Rosales Carlota Mercedes , Brito-Carbajal Carlos Emmanuel
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto preliminar del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en habilidades de Gestión del Cuidado. Método: cuasiexperimental pretest-postest, con alumnos de la carrera de Licenciatura en Enfermería de una institución educativa. Muestra de 29 alumnos (Grupo Experimental) y 74 (Grupo Control). El Grupo Experimental solucionó cuatro escenarios bajo el método de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas con los 7 pasos propuestos por la Universidad de McMaster, en un programa de Gestión del Cuidado en modalidad a distancia. El instrumento autoinformado evaluó las habilidades de Gestión del Cuidado pretesty postesten ambos grupos. Se obtuvieron valores medios y se realizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial (t de Student, t pareada, regresión lineal). Resultados: el Grupo Experimental obtuvo puntuaciones más elevadas en habilidades analíticas, de acción y globales que el Grupo Control (p<0,05). No se registraron diferencias en las habilidades interpersonales ni en el uso de la información. El Grupo Control no presentó diferencias significativas antes y después de la enseñanza habitual, mientras que en el Grupo Experimental sí se reportaron diferencias (p<0,05). Conclusión: a pesar de que existe poca evidencia en el desarrollo de habilidades de Gestión del Cuidado en Enfermería, el presente estudio demuestra que el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas es un método efectivo y significativo en educación a distancia.
The effect of Problem-Based Learning on Care Management skills: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Benítez-Chavira Luis Angel , Zárate-Grajales Rosa Amarilis , Moreno-Monsiváis María Guadalupe , Vite-Rodríguez Cecilia Xochitl , Hernández-Rosales Carlota Mercedes , Brito-Carbajal Carlos Emmanuel
Published: April 2023

Objective: to assess the preliminary effect of Problem-Based Learning on Care Management skills. Method: a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test conducted with students attending the Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing offered by an educational institution. The sample was comprised by 29 (Experimental Group) and 74 (Control Group) students. The Experimental Group solved four scenarios under the Problem-Based Learning method with the 7 steps proposed by McMaster University, in a Care Management program in distance mode. The self-reporting instrument assessed the pre- and post-test Care Management skills in both groups. Mean values were obtained and descriptive and inferential statistics were performed (Student’s t, paired t, linear regression). Results: the Experimental Group obtained higher scores in analytical, action-related and global skills than the Control Group (p<0.05). No differences were recorded in interpersonal skills or in use of the information. The Control presented no significant differences before and after usual teaching, whereas differences were in fact reported in the Experimental Group (p<0.05). Conclusion: despite the fact that there is little evidence on the development of Nursing Care Management skills, the current study shows that Problem-Based Learning is an effective and significant method in remote education.
Clinical Problems and Future Directions of the Intellectual Disability Determination Procedure in the Disabled Registration Process
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Kweon Hoe Yeon , Lee Miae
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitability of the decision procedure for intellectual disability after the abolition of the disability grading system and suitability of the diagnosis tools used. Results: As a result of the study, first, it was found that domestic and foreign intellectual disability determination procedures are moving from a medical approach to a social approach. Second, in order to perform the intellectual disability determination process fairly and accurately, there should be a comprehensive and integrated information collection process rather than relying on several test tools. Therefore, in the future, more useful, measurably reliable and valid intellectual disability determination tools should be developed, and useful methods and test tools that can contribute to the establishment of personal support plans for students with intellectual disabilities are needed. Conclusion: the limitations of this study and the direction of follow-up studies are presented.
Azeem and the Witch: Race, Disability, and Medievalisms in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves
Authors: Clark Rachel Ellen
Published: April 2023

Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves was the second highest-grossing movie of 1991. Its fuzzy version of the Middle Ages invokes the Angevins only in cameo and revises a genre of medievalism I call ‘Robin Hood Times’. This medievalism claims a specific setting, usually during the reign of King Richard I, even while it generalizes that setting enough to comment on contemporary problems. In Prince of Thieves, the characters Azeem and Mortianna serve as opposites, their racialized bodies participating in an individualized discourse about race that ultimately upholds a neoliberal, ‘colorblind’ form of white supremacy. Azeem’s physical competence and ability also contrast sharply with Mortianna’s physical frailty and deformity in a classic example of what Mitchell and Snyder (2000) call ‘narrative prosthesis.’ The intersections of race and disability in the fantasy setting of Robin Hood Times suggest that the solution to social injustice is individual rather than systemic. The return of the ‘good’ King Richard I restores order, virtue, the Locksley lands—and the status quo. The Robin Hood story has revolutionary potential, but this version of Robin Hood Times chooses to reinforce neoliberal ableism and ‘colorblind’ racial tolerance instead of the utopian promises of equity that the forest society could provide.
The Differentiation of Quality in Higher Education and Graduates’ Wages in Russia
Authors: Rozhkova Ksenia , Roshchin Sergey , Solntsev Sergey , Travkin Pavel
Published: April 2023

More than one-third of Russia’s labour force has a university diploma. With rapid massification, higher education quality turns into one of the key determinants of graduates’ earnings, at least at labour market entry. This paper focuses on two measures of educational quality (level of university selectivity and honors degree) and analyzes their association with graduates’ success in the Russian labour market. Using nationwide administrative data, this paper explores early-career labour market outcomes of Russian graduates with bachelor’s and specialist’s degree. The results suggest the existence of a significant wage premium associated with graduating from more selective universities. The observed positive effect consists of three components: individual abilities, social environment (i.e., networking possibilities and peer-effects), and quality of training. Having an honors diploma is also significantly positively related to early career outcomes, contrary to common belief.
Sociology of the Lesson: Discourse Organization of Successful Teaching Practices
Authors: Sergomanov Pavel , Maltsev Mikhail , Bysik Nadezhda , Beketov Vadim , Baiburin Rustam
Published: April 2023

In this article, we analyze successful teaching practices (practices that ensure students’ academic progress and well-being) in their social projection, using videos of the lessons as the material for analysis. Unlike traditional assessments of pedagogical skills (compliance with norms and professional standards), the article focuses on the sociological dimension of a teacher’s work — how the social aspect of the lesson is arranged, what practices teachers use to improve student results, how the class is organized as a social community. We recorded videos of lessons (N = 74) conducted by 11 teachers in the 5th-8th grades in 4 non-selective academically successful secondary schools in 3 regional centers of Russia. We used it as the material for the analysis of successful teaching practices. To analyze the data, we used critical converse analyses in the vein of Norman Fairclough, which involves the division of a communicative event into linguistic, processing and social levels. Successful teaching practice at the linguistic level can be characterized by the use of markers of control and care, as well as switching modes of responsibility attribution («I»/«We»/«You»/«you»). At the processing level, the following is stated: a) the use of metaphors and student assessment systems that regulate the situational context; b) labeling the symbolic boundaries of the lesson, which normalizes the educational process. At the social level, we conclude that one of the main conditions for the success of teacher practices is the control over the structural integrity of the lesson. The results of the article can be used in professional development programs for teachers.
Theoretical Foundations for Comparative Analysis of Literature Curricula: A Review of Foreign Approaches
Authors: Chentsova Alexandra , Avdeenko Nadezhda
Published: April 2023

There is a lack of evidence-based argumentation in Russian public and academic discussion about teaching literature at school and in comparative studies on literature curriculum in Russia and abroad as well as on ways of its possible reconstruction. In this review paper we represent key theoretical discourses: conservative approach, neoliberal technicist pragmatism, postmodern/ critical perspective, and social realism. We provide examples of how to approach aims and objectives of literature curriculum, school literature canon, teacher and student agency, role of various actors in its construction, conflict between knowledge-based and competence-based approaches. We presume that this theoretical framework may be relevant for in-depth analysis of Russian literature curriculum and suggestions on plausible alternatives in its transformation to overcome its problems and contradictions.
On the Identifiability of Cognitive Diagnostic Models: Diagnosing Students’ Translation Ability
Authors: Tabatabaee-Yazdi Mona , Samir Aynaz
Published: April 2023

Background. In recent years Cognitive Diagnostic Models (CDMs) have attracted a great deal of attention from researchers in a variety of educational fields. However, they have not been taken into consideration in Translation Quality Assessment (TQA), in the aims of presenting fine-grained information about the strengths and weaknesses of translation students.

Purpose. The present study compares the ACDM, DINO, DINA, HO-DINA, and G-DINA models, in order to define the strengths and weaknesses of Iranian translation students and to examine whether the required translation attributes are compensatory, non-compensatory, additive, or hierarchical.

Methods. 200 BA translation students translated a two-English-text translation, which  was scored by three experienced translation raters using the Translation Quality Assessment Rubric (TQAR). The professional translators, established the relationships between the TQAR items and the nine proposed target translation attributes by constructing a Q-matrix.

Results. Based on the results, HO-DINA can be considered the best-fitting model. Bibliography and technical skills, together with work methodology skills, are shown to be the most difficult attributes for translation students.

Conclusion. HO-DINA is a non-compensatory model, thus the study findings assert that for a correct response to a test item, all measurable attributes need to be mastered.
Technology-Enabled Language Leaning: Mediating Role of Collaborative Learning
Authors: Kaur Divya Jyot , Saraswat Niraja , Alvi Irum
Published: April 2023

Background. Technology-Enabled Language learning (TELL) encourages peer communication and collaboration through its innovative instructional methods. Collaborative student activities are recognised as an important component of the instructional approach of higher education, More recently, collaborative learning in conjunction with digital teaching tools has emerged as a preferred SLA pedagogical approach. Despite growing interest in TELL, research into the effects of collaborative learning on affective factors in SLA remains unexplored.

Purpose. The aim of the proposed study is to identify factors influencing the behavioral intention of students to use WhatsApp for second language acquisition. Constructs from previous models: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and perceived relevance (UTAUT) are tested, along with the mediating role of a new variable ‘collaborative learning’.

Methods. Using the convenience sampling technique, the sample comprises 202 undergraduates studying in Institutes in Rajasthan, India. Data collected through Google forms was analyzed through IBM SPSS ver. 26 and Smart-PLS ver. 3.2.9, using structural equation modeling.

Results. A positive and significant relationship was established between all the selected constructs. The indirect effects were positive, yet less significant than the direct effects. Moreover, the partially mediating effect of collaborating learning was affirmed. Empirical data confirms that collaborative learning acts as a mediating variable enhancing the intention to use WhatsApp for SLA.

Conclusion. The present study makes an original and innovative contribution to language studies by analysing the relationship between the predictors. Such a systematic understanding of the topic can assist instructors in designing robust future pedagogical techniques.
Is It True They Negatively Engage? Mixed Method Research of Student Engagement in EFL Online Classrooms
Authors: Alzahrani Fahad
Published: April 2023

Background. A leading concern in teaching and learning is how to increase the degree of student engagement in learning. Within the virtual educational environment, student engagement is a real issue facing instructors and teachers. Students in online classrooms are not able to engage in the same manner as in face-to-face settings.

Purpose. This study aims to explore the impact and reception of online education on student engagement in English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom.

Method. This study adopts a mixed-method approach, in order to understand student engagement online. Longitudinal self-report surveys (SRS) filled out by 127 undergraduate students after each class session throughout a four-week period were used to assess their engagement in online language classrooms. Focus-group interview transcriptions were used to triangulate the data and provide further information about student engagement in terms of gender difference, engagement growth over time, and engagement fostering or hindrance factors in virtual learning classrooms.

Results. Analysis showed that students were generally engaged during the weeks with some variances. Cognitive-social learning engagement showed dynamics among students in virtual language classrooms. Factors such as place of engagement and students’ choice of device used to access the virtual session were found to influence student engagement in online classroom learning. Male and female students generally showed similar learning engagement in the virtual classes with disparities occurring over the study period.

Conclusion. The study results will be beneficial for researchers, instructors, and policymakers who are interested in understanding student engagement and who seek to improve the teaching experience.
Translanguaging Instruction and Reading Comprehension Skills of Japanese EFL Learners: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Goli Alexis
Published: April 2023

Background. The adoption of the TOEIC Listening and Reading test as the main English competency measurement instrument for Japanese businesses has lead Japanese business people to invest in courses specialized in test-taking strategies which seem to improve test scores in the short term. Nevertheless, there is pressing need to adopt more reliable instructions for reading ability development. Translanguaging pedagogy, an instruction method that urges L2 learners to make use of all languages in their linguistic repertoire, has rapidly gained the interest of language researchers and educators worldwide. Various studies have been conducted at all level of formal education, from elementary to tertiary education, to evaluate how it could help learners develop their proficiency in the target L2, including reading comprehension ability. However, no study on translanguaging in continuing education in Japan could be found in the literature.

Purpose. This paper presents an investigation to assess the effectiveness of translanguaging pedagogy in nurturing the reading comprehension of a group of Japanese EFL learners in a continuing education context.

Methods. The study adapted a quasi-experimental design with a control and an experimental group, as well as a reading comprehension improvement intervention course between pre-test and post-test. The experimental group received instruction based on translanguaging pedagogy, and the control group was restricted to using only English in their classes. 

Results. It was found that both the control and experimental groups improved their reading comprehension, but improvement in the experimental group was moderately more substantial. This finding contributes to the literature on translanguaging pedagogy in Japan, especially in the context of continuing education.

Conclusion. Due to the small number of participants, the findings of this study cannot be generalized to EFL education in continuing education. Further research with a substantial number of participants and treatment over a longer period could help confirm that translanguaging pedagogy can effectively be implemented in this setting to assist learners become proficient in the target L2.
Education 4.0: The Concept, Skills, and Research
Authors: Tikhonova Elena , Raitskaya Lilia
Published: April 2023

Introduction. With Industry 4.0 and Work 4.0 entering the world, modern education is undergoing transformations in terms of educational practices, skillsets and competencies, teaching and learning methodologies (including flipped classroom, blended learning, self-regulated learning, project-based learning, inquiry-based learning, student-centred pedagogy), digital tools used at all educational levels, as well as barriers and challenges. This string of changes is covered by the new buzzword “Education 4.0”. It is not so far finally defined. There are various explanations of the concept. Most align with the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Industry 4.0. The JLE editorial aims to overview the emerging research field of Education 4.0 aligned with Industry 4.0, outlining the potential lines of research for JLE authors.

Industry 4.0. The transformation of production at large is beginning on the basis of a set of innovative technologies and completely brand-new processes. Their combination constitutes the underpinning of Industry 4.0.

Skillsets in Education 4.0. There are numerous views of the skills needed for graduates ready for Industry 4.0. One of the most replicated lists embraces the 10 skills offered by the World Economic Forum in 2016 with later updates. Most researchers outline numerous technical, communication, digital, and cognitive skills as a skillset of Industry 4.0.

Teaching and Learning in Education 4.0. The traditional pedagogy or face-to-face learning, still dominant worldwide, is going to combine with innovative approaches, including, e-learning, and blended learning as a mixture of e-learning ang face-to-face learning. In addition, all student-centered technologies add to the future pedagogical landscape: self-regulated learning, project-based learning, flipped classroom, etc.

Research on Education 4.0. The authors searched the Scopus for the documents related to “Education 4.0” to find that the total of 483 results unevenly distributed from 2010 to 2023, with a high of 137 in 2022. The analysis of the publications on Education 4.0 proves that the research field is developing fast, though publications authored by researchers from the developing countries prevail in the search results. At the same time, most of the selected publications came out in the Scopus-indexed low-quartile or discontinued journals. A disproportionately low number of articles published by the authors from the OECD countries depletes the quality of the research field.

Conclusion. The editorial overview of the concept of Education 4.0 may serve as a topical guidance for researchers at large and potential JLE authors focused on educational research. Further studies in the field may cover skillsets and competencies for Industry 4.0; teaching and learning approaches in Education 4.0; new educational frameworks and environments.
Do Salinity, Limb Autotomy and Crab Sources Stimulate Shedding Efficiency of Mud Crab in Soft-Shell Production?
Authors: Sakib Md. Hashmi , Ahmmed Shawon , Mondal Debashis Kumar , Islam Md. Latiful , Mahmud Yahia
Published: April 2023

The present study was conducted to optimize the water salinity, limb autotomy and growth performance of Juvenile mud crabs (JMC) (Scylla olivacea) cultured in control habitat (tanks, hatchery) compared to wild sources. In this regard, a study was performed in tanks with 5, 10, 15 ppt salinity level and in a pond having natural salinity level (control). After seven weeks of JMC culturing, it was observed that better growth attributes including survival rate, weight gain and shorter shedding period of JMC was attained at 15 ppt salinity in tanks compared to control. This optimized salinity level (15 ppt) was considerd for the second study where JMC legs were autotomized. In this study, better growth performance attributes were observed when both side walking legs were autotomized compared to one side walking legs autotomy and no autotomy. Considering the same salinity level (15 ppt), the third study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of JMC cultured in hatchery (pilot scale) with their wild counterperts. Result showed that higher moulting rate and better growth performance (faster weight gain) of JMC were achieved in hatchery compared to wild cultured. However, JMC collected from hatchery and wild habitat acquired the same carapace width (CW) and body weight (BW) after twenty days rearing.
The Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Water and Sediment Yields in Batanghari Watershed, Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Ridwansyah Iwan , Apip Apip , Wibowo Hendro , Rahmadya Aldiano , Susiwidiyaliza Susiwidiyaliza , Handoko Unggul , Setiawan Fajar , Utami Nurya
Published: April 2023

The Batanghari River flows from the province of West Sumatra into the West Coast of Jambi, with the main river extending up to 870 km. Also, the Batanghari watershed Land use changes have shown a decreasing forest cover and an increasing agricultural area. Therefore, this study aims to calculate the impact of land use and climate change on water and sediment yield using Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) hydrological modeling. Land-use change analysis was performed with projections in 2040 while, near future and future climate projections under Representative Concentration Pathway (R.C.P.) 4.5 and 8.5 were used for global climate change scenarios. The results show a changing pattern of growing agricultural area and decreasing forest area in 1990, 1997, 2005, 2015, and 2040. SWAT hydrological model used for the simulation was calibrated automatically with SWAT-CUP and the results were validated on good criteria. The sensitivity analysis results showed that effective hydraulic conductivity in main channel alluvium (CH_K2) and Base flow alfa factor (Alfa_BF) formed the most sensitive parameters for discharge. Furthermore, the model simulation showed an increase in surface runoff and a decrease in lateral flow and base flow due to land-use changes, which increased sediment loading over time. The impact of climate change on water and sediment yield increased the average flow discharge ratio, resulting in more frequent droughts and floods events.
Comparison of Performance and Characteristic of Suberate, Azelate and Sebacate as PVC Plasticizers
Authors: Jafri Nur Hafifah Nahdirah , Abu Othman Nor Hamidah , Mohamad Yusoff Mohd. Firdaus
Published: April 2023

Consumer’s health and safety problems that arise from using di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as a conventional plasticizer for PVC have led to the study of the production of alternative plasticizers based on dicarboxylate esters. In this study diester plasticizers based on suberic, azelaic and sebacic acid were synthesized with 2-ethylhexanol. PVC blends with these three diesters was conducted by solvent-casting technique. The characteristics of dicarboxylate esters plasticizers, which were judged to have excellent compatibility with PVC proved and evaluated by mechanical, thermal and migration stability test analyses as compared to DEHP. Improved tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation at break were observed in plasticized PVC films. ﻿Single peak of glass transition showed in all PVC-diester blends had lower range of temperatures, Tg(65.36 °C - 71.90 °C). The first stage of maximum degradation temperature for PVC-D2EHSu, PVC-D2EHAz and PVC-D2EHSe films were recorded at 287.06 °C, 290.83 °C and 281.68 °C, respectively, which exhibited good thermal stability. The good compatibility between synthesized plasticizers and PVC proved that the dicarboxylate plasticizers able to replace DEHP and highly capable to use as either primary or secondary plasticizers in food packaging, medical devices and domestic appliances in polymer industry.
Nanoemulsion of Turmeric in VCO Inhibit the Progressivity of Lung Fibrosis due to Cigarette Exposure
Authors: Ibrahimiyah Nur Aisah , Prabowo Gwenny Ichsan , Lina Lukitasari Lina Lukitasari , Nugraheni Raditya Weka
Published: April 2023

Pulmonary fibrosis is a form of lung damage caused by chronic inflammation. One of the causes is cigarette smoke exposure, which can damage cilia and epithelial cells, that is able to stimulate oxidative stress as well. The inflammatory response by inflammatory cells triggers release of inflammatory mediators, for example, TNF-α. Increased levels of TNF-α indicate a high inflammatory process and a high risk of pulmonary fibrosis. Nanoemulsion of turmeric extract in VCO contains curcumin, which can suppress the secretion and expression of TNF-α through several pathways. This study is aimed to analyze the inhibitory effect of turmeric extract nanoemulsion in VCO on pulmonary fibrosis in an inflammatory way. In this study, 40 white rats were used and divided into five groups; K0 was negative controls group, K1 was exposed to smoke from two cigarettes/day for 42 days, K2 received 0.3 mL dose of nanoemulsion + cigarette exposure, K3 received 0.6 mL dose of nanoemulsion + cigarette exposure and K4 received dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kgBW) + cigarette exposure. Furthermore, plasma TNF-α levels taken from cardiac blood and histopathological preparations (HE, MA) were made from the right lung. One-way ANOVA test was used to analyze plasma TNF-α levels, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze fibrosis degree scoring based on Aschroft Modification Scale and the correlation test was analyzed by Spearman test. The results showed that 0.3 mL of turmeric extract nanoemulsion in VCO had the best inhibitory effect on progressivity tissue damage and pulmonary fibrosis.
Characterization Assessment on Nanofiltration Membrane using Steric-Hindrance Pore (SHP) and Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS) Models
Authors: Abu Seman Mazrul Nizam , Ali Nora’aini , Jalanni Nurul Ain , Che Ku Yahya Che Ku Muhammad Faizal , Yatim Norhafiza Ilyana
Published: April 2023

Interfacial polymerization (IP) is a simple process for modifying thin-film composite (TFC) polymers that can be used as separation membranes in water treatment. This work describes the IP process for the preparation of polyester TFC membranes using organic monomers, in particular triethanolamine (TEOA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). This work includes an evaluation of monomer concentration and polymerization reaction time as variables to determine the membrane properties and its performance as acid humic removal. The characterization of TFC membranes was investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), steric hindrance pore (SHP) and Teorell-Meyer-Sievers model (TMS). This IP technique resulted in the membrane (NF-PES8-35) having the lowest contact angle (θ=34.0±0.35) and lower hydrophobicity (θ=62.6 ± 0.33) compared to the unmodified membrane. The rejection of NaCl by NF-PES8-35 membrane showed the highest 0.001 M NaCl (62.42%), while NF-PES4-15 membrane showed the lowest (2.4%). The highest removal of humic acid (97.8%) was achieved when separation was performed with the NF-PES6-35 membrane and the high performance polyester TFC membranes were exhibited in the water purification filtration system.
PROMOTING MILITARY GEOLOGY FOR 200 YEARS: SENIOR GEOLOGISTS OF THE BRITISH ARMY 1826 TO 2026
Authors: ROSE EDWARD P. F.
Published: April 2023

During the nineteenth century, geology was perceived by the British Army as a military science, and two geological survey departments outside Great Britain were pioneered by Royal Engineer officers in the rank of captain: J. W. Pringle, J. E. Portlock and Henry James nearly successively in Ireland between 1826 and 1846; H. G. Lyons in Egypt from 1896 to 1898 and then, as a civilian, until 1909. During World War I, the Welsh-born Australian T. W. Edgeworth David and the Canadian R. W. Brock served on attachment to the Royal Engineers in the rank of major, David as the senior of two geologists in appointment as such with the British Army in France and Belgium 1916–1919, Brock in Palestine 1918–1919. (David was rewarded by promotion to lieutenant-colonel ten days before the end of hostilities). During World War II, between 1939 and 1945, W. B. R. King, F. W. Shotton, J. V. Stephens, W. A. Macfadyen, J. L. Farrington and D. R. A. Ponsford plus the South Africans H. F. Frommurze and G. L. Paver (and possibly also H. Digby Roberts) all achieved the rank of major whilst in appointment as geologists serving with British forces, complemented in the Far East by Majors A. J. Haworth and A. N. Thomas supervised by E. J. Bradshaw for the Indian Army. (King was rewarded with promotion to lieutenant-colonel in October 1943, when released from the Army to take up appointment as Woodwardian Professor of Geology at the University of Cambridge). During the remaining twentieth century, N. L. Falcon, D. R. A. Ponsford, A. W. Woodland, A. F. Fox, Frank Moseley, R. M. S. Perrin, S. C. L. Hobden, L. R. M. Cocks and J. C. Eaton became geologist majors in the British reserve army, and five majors were promoted to be geologist lieutenant colonels: T. G. Miller 1964–1967, N. F. Hughes 1967–1970, P. I. Manning 1971–1972, E. P. F. Rose 1978–1987 (colonel 1987–1990) and M. S. Rosenbaum 1995–2001. Thereafter, a post for a geologist lieutenant colonel became established in the British reserve army, an appointment held by R. I. L. Dow 2006–2011, S. R. S. Matthews 2011–2014, M. H. K. Bulmer 2014– 2019, A. G. Craig 2019–2022, and S. R. S. Matthews again from 2022, each supported by one or two geologist majors. In 200 years, about 21 British military geologists achieved the final rank of major and only 11 the higher rank of lieutenant colonel (the highest rank yet to be attained by a geologist to serve operationally as such in the British Army). Overall, they helped to pioneer and to promote an innovative range of military applications of geology.
HIDDEN IN PLAIN SIGHT: OVERLOOKED EVIDENCE CONCERNING JAMES CROLL (1821–1890)
Authors: EDWARDS KEVIN J.
Published: April 2023

Three new pieces of evidence concerning James Croll, the nineteenth century Scottish autodidact and climate change pioneer are revealed. These untold facets became apparent as a result of pursuing evidence further than might have seemed warranted, and comprise: (1) Croll’s short-lived attempt to become a publisher; (2) appointment to a janitorial position at Anderson’s University and Museum in Glasgow a year later than claimed by himself and repeated by subsequent commentators; (3) the enigma of why letters from Joseph Dalton Hooker to Croll were copied onto notepaper headed Montreal Cottage in Perth, Scotland (the town in which Croll lived), and the identification of John Bower, a retired fleet-surgeon and friend of Croll, as the copyist. It is argued that the findings were hidden in plain sight, are not trivial, and shed light on the biography of a relatively neglected individual.
Citizens' personal data, and its' classification in current doctrine of administrative law
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Tsomenko A.
Published: April 2023

The paper is dedicated to issues on determination of citizens' personal data, and classification of its in current doctrine of Administrative Law. There is stressed, the search of the model of legal mechanism of relationships of personal data protection regulation has place in the domestic legal science. This model should agree with international legal standards and guarantee an effective protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms. As a result, it has to become a part of implementation of the national legal system in European legal field. There is outlined, the administrative and legal provisions of relationship on personal data circulating and processing provides an effect on relationship of legal means with administrative and legal features. An analysis of doctrinal definitions demonstrates a versatility of the definition of personal data. The social and legal nature is reflected in it. There is identified, personal data is any information in objective form which provides possibility to determine its information source, and related to a subject of data. The subject of personal data is an identified or such who can be identified natural person (citizen), in relation to whose public authorities and other authorized subjects are endowed with subjective obligation of providing appropriative level of organizational and legal safety and protection. There is emphasized, citizen personal data have such signs as: informational content i.e., on the point of view of majority scientists, personal data are information or set of information (including any information) about a person; identifying feature; fixed form and reflection in specific source (data carriers); inexhaustibility; acquire the legal regime of personal data when personal data processing starts i.e., any action or set of such actions as collection, registration, accumulation, saving, adaptation, changing, renovation, use and spread (distribution, implementation, transfer), depersonalization, utilization, including use of information (automatized) systems. Taking into account the analysis of legal nature of personal data on the point of view of the Administrative Law, doctrinal approaches, and international and legal regulation, we can suggest to separate personal data into the following groups, using criteria of their content and level of established "availability". These groups are: general (or publicly available), special, and biometrical. At the same time, biometrical personal data include genetical data about a person, and data related to the health or medical data of citizens.
The impact of perioperative high-protein oral nutrition supplements on postoperative outcomes in primary lung cancer: the protocol of Russian prospective, randomised, multicenter study
Authors: Volf Larisa Ya. , Obukhova Olga A. , Egofarov Nail M. , Kolesnichenko Mariya G. , Kirillov Yurij V. , Povaga Svetlana S. , Belyaeva Natal’ya A. , Gordeeva Ekaterina V. , Perminov Yurij V. , Skorokhod Andrej A. , Nefedov Andrej O. , Novitsky Dmitrij N.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Nutritional support, including oral nutrition supplements, is an integral part of anticancer treatment, including during surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Existing evidence for the effectiveness of nutritional support in this cohort of patients is limited. We suggest that the perioperative administration of a balanced polymeric hypercaloric high-protein enteral nutritional formula by sipping as an additional nutrition can have a positive effect on the results of surgical treatment.
AIMS: 1) to assess the impact of perioperative nutritional support with high-protein oral nutrition supplements on the risk of postoperative complications, postoperative recovery of respiratory functions, nutritional status and quality of life in patients with primary lung cancer; 2) identification of possible side effects and complications when using high-protein high-energy oral nutrition supplements in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Russian prospective, randomised, multicenter low-intervention study of perioperative effect of high-protein nutritional support on postoperative outcomes in the treatment of primary lung cancer with parallel groups, 1:1 randomization. The study will include 114 patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer who are scheduled for surgery. It is expected to provide nutritional support in the perioperative period for 14 days before surgery and for 14 days after it.
CONCLUSION: The present study may become one of the first evidence-based studies confirming the effectiveness of perioperative nutritional support with high-protein mixtures in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and will allow further study of the strategy of nutritional support in this category of patients.
BIS-monitoring as a tool for evaluation regional anesthesia in ophthalmology: pilot study
Authors: Marova Nadezhda G. , Vasilev Yaroslav I. , Pismennaia Nadezhda V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: General anesthesia in vitreoretinal surgeries may be combined with ophthalmic blocks. Prolonged sub-tenon block (PSB) in extensive surgery ensures the continuous administration of a local anesthetic into the episcleral space; however, its effectiveness has not been evaluated.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of sub-tenon block for vitreoretinal surgery in general anesthesia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pilot study included 24 patients. All patients underwent retinal detachment surgery under general anesthesia with sevoflurane for 90 min. Patients were randomized into two groups. In group 1, analgesia was induced with intravenous tramadol. In group 2, general anesthesia was combined with sub-tenon block, and 1% lidocaine was used continuously. Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring was employed for anesthesia depth assessment. The mean blood pressure and heart rates were estimated for the evaluation of the oculovisceral reflex block. The Student and WilcoxonBonferroni criterion was used for statistical analysis, and the statistical significance level was set at =0.05.
RESULTS: The hemodynamic and consequently the degree of oculovisceral reflexes block had no statistically significant differences between the groups. The median BIS in groups 1 and 2 were 48.111.1 U and 42.68.2 U, respectively, and the difference between these values was statistically insignificant (p 0.05). However, in group 1, the BIS increased sharply during the laser phase. At this stage, the average BIS in groups 1 and 2 were 76.73.2 U and 40.46.9 U, respectively (p=0.001).
CONCLUSION: BIS-monitoring can be used as an indicator of the effectiveness of ophthalmic regional blocks in further studies.