bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Deep Learning Techniques in Gesture Recognition Systems
Authors: Airlangga Gregorius
Published: January 2025

As human-computer interaction becomes increasingly sophisticated, the significance of gesture recognition systems has expanded, impacting diverse sectors such as healthcare, smart device interfacing, and immersive gaming. This study conducts an in-depth comparison of seven cutting-edge deep learning models to assess their capabilities in accurately recognizing gestures. The analysis encompasses Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs), Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Simple Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs), Bidirectional LSTMs (BiLSTMs), and Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs). Evaluated on a dataset representative of varied human gestures, the models were rigorously scored based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 metrics, with LSTMs, GRUs, BiLSTMs, and TCNs outperforming others, achieving an impressive score bracket of 0.93 to 0.95. Conversely, MLPs trailed with scores around 0.59 to 0.60, underscoring the challenges of non-temporal models in processing sequential data. This study pinpoints model selection as pivotal for optimal system performance and suggests that recognizing the temporal patterns in gesture sequences is crucial. Limitations such as dataset diversity and computational demands were noted, emphasizing the need for further research into models' operational efficiencies. Future studies are poised to explore hybrid models and real-time processing, with the prospect of enhancing gesture recognition systems' interactivity and accessibility. This research thus provides a foundational benchmark for selecting and implementing the most suitable computational methods for advancing gesture recognition technologies.
Design and Implementation of an IoT System for Indoor Measurement and Monitoring Fire and Gas Warning
Authors: Tri Nguyen Van , Manh Le Hung , Trung Ha Duyen
Published: January 2025

Early detection and warning of fires occurring in homes is crucial to prevent loss of life and property. Fires can happen anywhere and at any time, but the presence of fire alarms helps keep homes safe. Therefore, early detection of fires will prove to be crucial as it could mean the difference between life and death. Most recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been deploying for data collection, transmission, storage and processing of large amounts of data from various sensor devices. Through the Internet, these sensors can be linked and help us manipulate or collect data from them. In this paper, we will use various types of sensors to sense the presence of fire and gas in the design and implementation of a completed IoT system. The designed IoT system aims to alert and assist homeowners, building guards, and firefighters about the presence of fire and gas leaks. Additionally, a common preventive solution is to install a sprinkler to spray water when the smoke sensor detects a fire. The designed system has been successfully implemented and tested in a variety of circumstances in an education bulding of University.
Framing analysis of the hacking of Bank Syariah Indonesia by LockBit Ransomware on Republika.co.id and Idntimes.com
Authors: Nurjanah Indah , Hariyanto Didik
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze the framing of news by Republika.co.id and Idntimes.com regarding the phenomenon of hacking Bank Syariah Indonesia by LockBit 3.0 Ransomware. This research was conducted because the hacking issue of Bank Syariah Indonesia became the major topic of public interest and impacted the perceived security of data and funds. The sensitive issue of security hacking certainly has economic relevance for both the public and investors of Bank Syariah Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative approach with Robert N. Entman’s framing analysis model, which has four major elements to interpret the news: define problem, diagnose causes, make moral judgement, and treatment recommendation. The result showed that Republika.co.id sharply criticized Bank Syariah Indonesia in its reporting, but did not emphasize the ransom demand made by LockBit. The criticism in its reporting humanistically and in favor of the community. Meanwhile, Idntimes.com attempted to downplay the inevitability of cyberattacks in the IT world, and framed the news of Bank Syariah Indonesia hacking by LockBit by playing on public emotions using clickbait, rather than highlighting the mitigation steps taken by Bank Syariah Indonesia.
Comparative rhetorical analysis of Peter Obi and Bola Ahmed Tinubu's social media campaigns in the 2023 Nigerian presidential election
Authors: Precious Nwaoboli Emeke , O. Uchenunu Ambrose , S. Asemah Ezekiel
Published: January 2025

The researchers carried out a comparative rhetorical analysis of Peter Obi (PO) and Bola Ahmed Tinubu's (BAT) social media campaigns during the 2023 Nigerian presidential election. Utilizing a qualitative textual analysis framework, the research focused on all campaign messages by Peter Obi and Bola Ahmed Tinubu (BAT) posted on Facebook and X (formerly Twitter) from September 28, 2022, to February 23, 2023, identifying a total of 223 messages, with 12 purposively selected for in-depth analysis. These texts were chosen for their representativeness of shared ideologies and their engagement potential, providing valuable insights into the candidates' communicative approaches. The study highlights the contrasting political ideologies embodied by Obi and Tinubu, as they emerged as frontrunners from the Labour Party and All Progressives Congress, respectively. Employing multiple coding techniques, the analysis categorized rhetorical elements, focusing on pathos, ethos, logos, call to action and themes of transparency and accountability, while also conducting sentiment analysis to classify the expressed sentiments. Findings reveal that Tinubu effectively leveraged a combination of logos, pathos, and ethos to establish credibility and connect with voters through logical policy proposals and emotional appeals, whereas Obi's campaign emphasized accountability, unity, and logical critique, resonating deeply with his audience through emotive language and local expressions. The researchers recommended that for political candidates prioritize emotional connections in their messaging. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing novel insights into the rhetorical strategies employed by political candidates in Nigeria, highlighting the significance of emotional connections and data-driven approaches in shaping electoral outcomes.
Assessement of Rhesus factor awareness and knowledge among women in Imo State Nigeria
Authors: Ojiakor-Umenze Ifeoma , Innocent, H. Kasarachi , Nwaozor, A. Onyekachi , Aluka, N. Cynthia
Published: January 2025

Despite the considerable influence of Rhesus factor incompatibility on maternal and fetal health outcomes, little is known about women's awareness and knowledge of the Rhesus factor in Imo State, Nigeria. This study aimed at assessing the levels of awareness and knowledge of the Rhesus factor among women in Imo state. The researchers sought to determine the extent to which health institutions' communication strategies contribute to women's understanding and awareness of Rh factor, to ascertain the knowledge level of Rh factor and its implications in pregnancy among women in Imo State. With a theoretical framework built on the Health Belief Model, the study surveyed a sample of 385 respondents (per Wimmer and Dominick online sample size calculator), drawn from a population of 2,688,605. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire which was administered via a multi-stage sampling technique. The key findings showed that the though the level awareness of the Rhesus factor among the women in the State was high, the knowledge level of the specificity of the Rh compatibility issues on maternal and child health and its implications in pregnancy was low. The findings also correlate the low knowledge level with the nature of communication strategies employed by healthcare institutions and professionals in the State to diffuse information on the Rhesus factor among the women. The researchers therefore recommend as follows Health institutions and professionals should include Rhesus factor education for women during antenatal care; the State Ministry of Health should embark on awareness campaigns in the rural areas using society-specific communication strategies to improve knowledge of the Rh factor; Rhesus Factor education should be included in reproductive health education programmes for girls and young ladies.
Programmable beam steering and quasi-continuous phase shift on a 2-bit terahertz coding metasurface with HEMT-switched multimodal modulation
Authors: Song Tianyang , Lan Feng , Wang Luyang , Zeng Hongxin , Liang Shixiong , Yang Munan , Shen Dongfang , Liu Wenxin , Mazumder Pinaki , Zhang Yaxin , Yang Ziqiang
Published: January 2025

Terahertz reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) stand out from conventional phased arrays thanks to their unique electromagnetic properties and intelligent interconnect paradigms. They are a vital technology for terahertz wireless communication and radar detection systems. Compared with 1-bit coding metasurfaces, 2-bit coding metasurfaces offer significant advantages such as single beam steering and reduced quantization errors. Electrically controlled switchable coding metasurfaces have been restricted by the switch performance and integration technology, limiting reported devices to 1-bit coding. Additionally, metasurfaces that offer quasi-continuous phase modulation across a 2π range have garnered extensive attention for their higher phase shift precision and regulation freedom. This paper proposes a 2-bit multimodal THz quasi-continuous phase shift coding metasurface based on asymmetrically configured high electron mobility transistor (HEMT)-dipoles. The meta-device consists of two asymmetrically combined HEMT-dipole resonant structures, wherein the versatile density variations of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) introduce subtly local-field modulation under different external voltage combinations, rendering the quasi-continuous phase shift of 0° to 350° at 0.376 THz with a minimum incremental step of 6°. Moreover, selecting optimal 2-bit coding states within the quasi-continuous phase shift loop constructed different array phase gradients based on Snell's law, enabling real-time beam steering from 21° to 48° within the 0.365-0.385 THz frequency range. The simulation results align closely with the experimental findings, marking the first achievement of real-time programmable phase shift control and 2-bit beam steering using electrically controlled switches in the terahertz domain. This research provides a practical approach for real-time quasi-optical continuous phase modulation control and programmable single-beam electronic steering, with promising applications in terahertz wireless communication, radar detecting, and computational imaging, among other fields.
Integrated all-optical nonreciprocity based on a moving index grating
Authors: Tang Lei , Tang Jiang-Shan , Xia Keyu
Published: January 2025

Optical nonreciprocal devices are critical components in integrated photonic systems and scalable quantum technologies. We propose an all-optical approach to achieve integrated optical nonreciprocity utilizing a moving index grating. The grating is generated in a nonlinear optical waveguide through the Kerr effect by driving the waveguide with two counter-propagating pump fields of slightly different frequencies. Based on this moving index grating, our system exhibits exceptional versatility by achieving both nonreciprocal transmission and reflection of signal fields. We obtain an all-optical isolator that achieves near-unity isolation contrast and negligible insertion loss while effectively addressing the dynamic reciprocity challenge. Our protocol establishes a novel approach for achieving integrated all-optical nonreciprocal devices, paving the way for advanced integrated photonic circuits.
Effect of Tm3+ concentration on structure, spectral properties and cross relaxation of Tm:CaF2 crystal
Authors: Liu Shaochen , Jiang Dapeng , Zhen Zhang , Ma Fengkai , Zhang Zhonghan , Su Liangbi
Published: January 2025

Through the investigation of spectral characteristics, the evolution of cluster proportions and the cross-relaxation process in Tm:CaF2 crystals as a function of Tm doping concentration has been clarified. A quantitative model has been established to describe the relationship between these factors. At low concentrations (0.01-0.5 at.%), Tm ions rapidly form clusters with negligible cross-relaxation. As the concentration increases from 0.5 at.% to 2 at.%, the cluster ratio surpasses 90%, and its growth rate decelerates, while both the cross-relaxation rate and efficiency significantly increase. When the Tm concentration exceeds 2 at.%, the cluster ratio and cross-relaxation efficiency nearly reach 100% and remain stable. These findings provide valuable insights for the application of Tm:CaF2 in high-energy pulsed laser systems.
Accurate deep learning based method for real-time directly modulated laser modeling
Authors: Zhang Qifan , Jia Shi , Zhang Tianhao , Yu Jinlong
Published: January 2025

Rate equations and numerical simulations relying on complex mathematical and physical principles are typically used to model directly modulated lasers (DMLs) but have difficulty simulating dynamic DML behavior in real-time under varying conditions due to their high complexity. Here, we introduce a data-driven deep learning method to model DMLs, aiming to achieve high accuracy with reduced computational complexity. This approach employs bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) enhanced by advanced feature recalibration and nonlinear fitting techniques. The result is compared with LSTM, standard BiLSTM, and recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures. The proposed model obtains the best results for the evaluated metrics. The satisfactory output waveforms and acceptable spectra indicate that the proposed model offers an accurate and real-time method to model DMLs.
Nonreciprocal single-photon band structure in a coupled-spinning-resonator chain
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Ya , Xu Xun-Wei , Lu Jing , Jing Hui , Zhou Lan
Published: January 2025

We analyze the single-photon band structure and the transport of a single photon in a one-dimensional coupled-spinning-resonator chain. The time-reversal symmetry of the resonators chain is broken by the spinning of the resonators, instead of external or synthetic magnetic field. Two nonreciprocal single-photon band gaps can be obtained in the coupled-spinning-resonator chain, whose width depends on the angular velocity of the spinning resonator. Based on the nonreciprocal band gaps, we can implement a single photon circulator at multiple frequency windows, and the direction of photon cycling is opposite for different band gaps. In addition, reciprocal single-photon band structures can also be realized in the coupled-spinning-resonator chain when all resonators rotate in the same direction with equal angular velocity. We believe our work opens a new route to achieve, manipulate, and switch nonreciprocal or reciprocal single-photon band structures, and provides new opportunities to realize novel single-photon devices.
Non-line-of-sight virtual modulated range migration imaging based on super-resolution histograms
Authors: Tian Xiaorui , Yu Jingping , Qiao Kai , Tang Meng , Zhang Siqi , Jin Chenfei
Published: January 2025

High-resolution non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging under nanosecond time-resolution conditions is challenging in applications. We propose a novel NLOS imaging method consisting of deconvolution modified iterative back projection and virtual modulated range migration for low time-resolution system, obtaining super-resolution (SR) histogram signal and high-resolution NLOS images sequentially. The proposed method is applicable to both confocal and non-confocal configurations. Experimental results demonstrate that the method can obtain a 50 multiples SR histogram signal from 1 ns low resolution signals. Based on the SR histograms, our method can reconstruct higher resolution NLOS images with several times less data quantity than the related methods. These above advantages indicate that our method has significant application potential in NLOS systems with low time resolution.
Polarized topological invariance frequency conversion on high-fidelity information transfer
Authors: Zhuang Zikuan , Lin Qian , Hong Ling , Zhang Yu , Che Zhen , Li Yongyao , Lin Fei , Zhang Li
Published: January 2025

A cross-band information converter, which links communication and storage modules operating at different wavelengths, is crucial for the development of optical vortex-based information networks. However, due to nonlinear efficiency dependence on orbital angular momentum (OAM), the traditional intensity or polarization distribution-based recognition distortion emerges. Here, by employing the optical vector vortex with a tailored polarization mode as the information carrier of communication network, and the polarization topology one-to-one mapping as the mode identification method, we demonstrate a simple yet flexible frequency converter based on sum-frequency generation (SFG) that preserves the topological invariance of polarization, enabling high-fidelity information transmission. In a proof-of-concept experiment, vector vortex-encoded image information is successfully transferred from a 1064 nm band to 630.9 nm without any quality degradation. This approach has the potential to enable cross-platform information transmission in optical networks, paving the way for broader applications.
Medium-assisted scalable printing of LIPSS via femtosecond laser projection manufacturing
Authors: Fu Yanzhe , Li Naitao , Ding Xiang , Huang Mingming , Wu Han , Zhang Weifeng , Lin Longxin , Li Jiebo
Published: January 2025

Femtosecond laser has been widely applied for manufacturing micro-/nanostructures in micro-optics, microelectronics, and biomedical engineering. However, tight focusing remains restricted by efficiency, and large-field scanning with a scanning mirror sacrifices precision. In this paper, we proposed a medium-assisted femtosecond laser projection manufacturing (MA-FPM) approach, which enables the fabrication of controllable patterns that incorporate 115 nm periodic laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). We demonstrated the capability of this technology in fabricating different patterns and pattern arrays. Additionally, we illustrated the application of the micro-nanostructures in plasmon enhancement through Raman spectroscopy. The MA-FPM technique holds promise for metasurface, biosensing, label-free microscopy, and tissue engineering.
Broadly tunable and robust UV laser generation on a chip
Authors: Gardner Asger , Gravesen Kevin , Tønning Peter , Stanton Eric , Ulsig Emil , Volet Nicolas , Loft Jacob
Published: January 2025

We present a detailed characterization of a hybrid photonic platform for robust and broadly tunable ultraviolet (UV) laser generation using Čerenkov nonlinear frequency conversion (CNFC). By integrating silicon nitride waveguides with barium borate (BBO) cladding, the platform achieves UV emission across an unprecedented wavelength range of 222–319 nm. Compared to state-of-the-art UV photonic devices, our approach addresses longstanding challenges in spectral range, tunability, and integration. Theoretical modeling and experimental validation demonstrate remarkable fabrication tolerance, maintaining phase matching over a 1500 nm waveguide width variation. These findings offer a compact, scalable solution addressing critical needs in disinfection, quantum technologies, and free-space optical communication.
Watt-level femtosecond praseodymium-doped fluoride fiber amplifier at 1300 nm
Authors: Fuji Takao , Takano Junya , Yamada Tatsuki
Published: January 2025

Watt-level chirped pulse amplification based on praseodymium-doped fluoride fibers (Pr3+:ZBLAN) has been demonstrated.
We have successfully amplified the 1300 nm dispersive wave from a highly nonlinear fiber to an average power of 1.33 W using a three-stage Pr3+:ZBLAN amplifier.
The average power is more than five times higher than that ever achieved with any praseodymium-doped fiber amplifier.
The nonlinear phase distortion in the third stage of the amplifier was compensated by adjusting the distance of the compressor based on a pair of gratings.
The duration of the compressed pulse was 367 fs,
while the Fourier-transform limited pulse duration was 301 fs.
High-speed image reconstruction for nonlinear structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Zhang Jingxiang , Zhao Tianyu , Fu Xiangda , Shu Manming , Yan Jiajing , Wang Mengrui , Liang Yansheng , Wang Shaowei , Lei Ming
Published: January 2025

By exploiting the nonlinear responses of fluorescent probes, the spatial resolution of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) can be further increased. However, the traditional reconstruction method of nonlinear structured illumination microscopy (NL-SIM) is very slow due to its complex process, which poses a significant challenge to display super resolution results in real-time. Here, we describe an efficient and robust SIM algorithm that enables rapid and accurate full-process SIM reconstruction. First, we present a fast illumination parameters estimation algorithm based on discrete Fourier transforms that result in a more simplified workflow than that of classical methods. Second, an accelerated NL-SIM reconstruction algorithm is developed by extending a high-speed reconstruction framework, joint space and frequency reconstruction (JSFR), to the NL-SIM. In particular, we provide the open-source MATLAB toolbox of our JSFR-NL-SIM algorithm. The entire image reconstruction process is completed in the milliseconds range, representing a significant time saving for the user.
Off-axis holographic augmented reality displays with HOE-empowered and camera-calibrated propagation
Authors: Xia Xinxing , Ma Daqiang , Meng Xiangyu , Qu Feifan , Zheng Huadong , Yu Yingjie , Peng Yifan
Published: January 2025

Holographic near-eye augmented reality (AR) displays featuring tilted inbound/outbound angles on compact optical combiners hold significant potential yet often struggle to deliver satisfying image quality. This is primarily attributed to two reasons: the lack of a robust off-axis-supported phase hologram generation algorithm; and the suboptimal performance of ill-tuned hardware parts such as imperfect holographic optical elements (HOEs). To address these issues, we incorporate a gradient descent-based phase retrieval algorithm with spectrum remapping, allowing for precise hologram generation with wave propagation between nonparallel planes. Further, we apply a camera-calibrated propagation scheme to iteratively optimize holograms, mitigating imperfections arising from the defects in the HOE fabrication process and other hardware parts, thereby significantly lifting the holographic image quality. We build an off-axis holographic near-eye display prototype using off-the-shelf light engine parts and a customized full-color HOE, demonstrating state-of-the-art virtual reality and AR display results.
Toward exploring noncontinuous-state dynamics based on pulse-modulated frequency-shifted laser feedback interferometry
Authors: Li Jie , Zhao Yunkun , Liu Jie , Liu Jianchu , Li Hongtao , Yu Qi , Lv Jialiang , Lu Liang
Published: January 2025

An exhaustive study of the noncontinuous-state laser dynamics associated with the transient optical process is significant because it reveals the complex physical mechanisms and characteristics in nonlinear laser systems. In this study, in-depth theoretical interpretation and experimental verification of the noncontinuous-state dynamics in laser system are presented, based on developed pulse-modulated frequency-shifted laser feedback interferometry (LFI). By introducing external pulse modulation, we investigate the nonlinear time-of-flight dynamics and related photon behaviors evolution of the pulsed LFI system by observing the changes in effective interference time sequences for interference realization and attainable minimum feedback photon number of the signal under various modulated noncontinuous states. Implementation of the pulse-modulated LFI scheme should exceed the pulse overlapping time window limit of 1.93 μs to effectively extract and preserve the extracavity feedback photon information. Experiments reveal that the minimum feedback photon number of signals successfully measured by the pulsed LFI sensor is 0.067 feedback photons per Doppler cycle, exhibiting high sensitivity for extremely weak signal detection. Further, simultaneous measurement for velocity and distance of the moving object is performed to validate the feasibility and applicability of the pulsed LFI. The system can successfully achieve large-range simultaneous measurements within the velocity range of 73.5−612.6  mm/s, over a distance of 25.5 km. This work opens the way to unexplored frontiers of pulsed LFI to fill the research gap in noncontinuous laser dynamics in this field, showcasing diverse and wide-ranging applications in the realm of integrated sensing, remote monitoring, and positioning and navigation.
Barriers and facilitators to implementing comprehensive sex education in Texas public schools: A qualitative study
Authors: Holt Lauren , Janek Sarah , Yamey Gavin
Published: January 2025

Introduction

In Texas, the adolescent birth rate is higher than the national average and STIs have steadily increased over the last decade. Sex education is not mandated in Texas and the majority of public schools provide an abstinence-based sex education. Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) programs are widely endorsed by national and global health organizations and research has shown that they are more effective in reducing poor sexual health outcomes than abstinence-based programs. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing CSE at local and state levels in Texas.

Methods

Qualitative study design consisting of ten semi-structured interviews with eleven key informants (n = 11) conducted in 2021.

Results

Three barriers- ideological opposition to CSE, discrimination against LGBTQ+ people, myths and misconceptions about CSE- and two facilitators- champions, collaboration with community stakeholders- to implementing CSE policy were identified.

Conclusion

Study findings provide insight into the opposition faced by sex education advocates, which often stems from myths and misperceptions of CSE content and the stigmatization of sexual and gender minoritized groups. Parents, youth, medical professionals, and academic researchers are instrumental in dispelling sex education myths and misperceptions and engaging with community stakeholders.
Influence of pre-processing criteria on analysis of accelerometry-based physical activity
Authors: Han Bing , Perez Lilian , Cohen Deborah A. , Seelam Rachana , Derose Kathryn P.
Published: January 2025

Background

Accelerometers are widely adopted for physical activity (PA) measurement. Accelerometry data require pre-processing before entering formal statistical analyses. Many pre-processing criteria may influence PA outcomes and the processed sample, impacting results in subsequent statistical analyses.

Aim

To study the implications of pre-processing criteria for accelerometer data on outputs of interest in physical activity studies.

Methods

We used the ActiGraph hip-worn accelerometry data from 538 adult Latino participants. We studied four most important domains of pre-processing criteria (wear-time, minimum wear-time, intensity level, and modified bouts). We examined the true sample size in pre-processed data, the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) outcome, and regression coefficients of age and gender predicting MVPA.

Results

Many pre-processing criteria have minimum impact to the output of interest. However, requirements for minimum wear-time can have high influence on subsequent analyses for MVPA. High requirements for wear-time (e.g., minimum of 5 days with more than 12 hours of wear-time per day) lead to weakened statistical efficiency in estimating the relationship between potential predictors and the MVPA outcome. Intensity levels using vector magnitude triaxial counts yielded drastically different results than those using conventional vertical axis counts.

Conclusion

Moderate changes in minimum wear-time can yield notably different output data and subsequently influence analyses assessing the impacts of interventions on MVPA behaviors. Processed data using vector magnitude and conventional vertical axis counts are not directly comparable. Sensitivity analyses using alternative pre-processing scenarios are highly recommended to verify the robustness of analyses for accelerometry data.
Psychosocial risk factors in the work of basic education and higher education managers
Authors: Renier Fabrício , Sticca Marina G. , Pérez-Nebra Amalia Raquel
Published: January 2025

Educational management professionals present high psychosocial risks, and the pandemic apparently made this worse. This study aimed to understand the degree of psychosocial risk in the work of education managers, testing whether and how the level at which they work (basic and higher) impacts this risk. To achieve this objective, two studies were carried out, through the lens of the Person-Environment Model, applying a mixed-method approach: Study 1, carried out before the pandemic, described and compared the psychosocial risk in the two groups. Study 2 delves deeper and differentiates the perception of these risk factors for each group of managers. The results showed that, in both groups, the dimensions perceived as most critical are Control and Support from Management. In Study 2, the results suggest that there is more emotional demand in the basic education group, but they also experience more support. However, in the higher education group, there is no perceived balance; the risk lies in the exorbitantly competitive demands and excessive bureaucratization. In analyzing the reports, no different demand was attributed to the pandemic period, i.e. these conditions are associated with managers' routines, suggesting that the psychosocial risk in higher education management is latent.
Evaluation and Refinement of Elbow Recovery in Sports Medicine Using Smart Tracking Technologies
Authors: Alonso-Rollán Sergio , Márquez-Sánchez Sergio , Carrera Albano , Froes Isaac M. S. , Blanco Juan F.
Published: January 2025

Elbow injuries, prevalent in various sports, significantly impact an athlete’s performance and career longevity. Traditional rehabilitation methods, while effective to a degree, often miss the mark in terms of precision and personalised care. This gap necessitates a shift towards more sophisticated rehabilitation strategies. This study introduces a pioneering approach in elbow rehabilitation, utilising cutting-edge wearable tracking technologies along with the telerehabilitation paradigm. The focus is on increasing the precision and efficacy of rehabilitation processes. We developed a state-of-the-art wearable device, equipped with sophisticated sensors, to accurately track elbow joint movements, including position, rotation, and flexion, in real-time. The device provides detailed data, allowing for nuanced diagnosis and effective monitoring during rehabilitation phases. This data is integrated into a specialised application, enabling comprehensive data analysis and the formulation of personalised rehabilitation plans with real-time feedback. The device demonstrated a notable improvement in the precision of monitoring and effectiveness of rehabilitation strategies, allowing the measurement of the range of motion (RoM) within an error of ±3 degrees. A comparative analysis with traditional methods revealed significant advancements in accuracy, adherence to prescribed rehabilitation regimens, and overall speed of recovery.
Gobierno, administración y fiscalización municipal de la prostitución reglamentada en la ciudad moderna. Barcelona y el Servicio de Higiene Especial (1889-1892)
Authors: De Miguel Salanova Santiago
Published: January 2025

Este artículo se acerca al fenómeno de la reglamentación de la prostitución en Barcelona entre 1889 y 1892. El interés historiográfico de ese período se explica por el hecho de que la actividad quedaría durante esos años bajo la competencia directa del poder local, encargándose este último de abordar el proceso de regularización de los servicios de higiene especial en virtud de lo determinado con la publicación de la Real Orden del 4 de enero de 1889 por parte del Ministerio de la Gobernación. El análisis de esta fase de municipalización exige atender a las características del proyecto que el Ayuntamiento de Barcelona desarrolló para tratar una problemática de salud y orden público que había crecido en paralelo a la expansión poblacional de la ciudad. El conocimiento de ese proceso requiere estudiar las dinámicas de gobierno, administración y fiscalización de la actividad prostitucional, tejidas tanto en el ámbito de la política municipal como en el desenvolvimiento de la vida cotidiana de la urbe.
La venta del derecho maestral en el Archivo de Almodóvar del Campo (Ciudad Real): adjudicación y proceso
Authors: Viñas González Jesús
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo tendrá por objeto principal la realización de una labor de análisis y estudio de la institución del derecho maestral en el municipio de Almodóvar del Campo (Ciudad Real). Procederemos a abordar su concepto, origen y evolución, así como su trascendencia y el rastro de conflictos jurídico-sociales dejados tras de sí, determinando la estructura agrícola de la población.
Los datos humanos de la batalla de Mallorca (1936): efectivos y bajas de cada bando
Authors: Aguilera Povedano Manuel , Berger Mulattieri Gonzalo
Published: January 2025

La Batalla de Mallorca (agosto-septiembre de 1936) fue una gran ofensiva de la República con participación de todas las armas del Ejército y las milicias, que acabó en fracaso. La historiografía ha debatido sobre sus cifras de participación y bajas con datos muy dispares. Los autores han realizado por primera vez un estudio cuantitativo (y nominal) basado en todas las fuentes de archivo disponibles y revelan que el número de efectivos y bajas (muertos y heridos) de cada bando fue similar. Sin embargo, la mortalidad fue muy superior (más del triple de fallecidos) en el bando republicano debido a la logística sanitaria y a las ejecuciones de prisioneros. El Govern Balear y la Generalitat de Catalunya están trabajando en la identificación de los restos humanos de las fosas de esta batalla.
Elecciones y poder local en Bilbao entre 1917 y 1936: una perspectiva urbana y social
Authors: Beascoechea Gangoiti José María , Serrano Abad Susana
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación plantea un ejercicio que cruza cuatro variables claves: procedencia geográfica, espacios urbanos, grupos sociales, y política. Su correlación explica los cambios en las culturas políticas y el poder local, así como los propios de la sociedad bilbaína, una ciudad de fuertes desigualdades sociales y marcada por un contexto de guerra mundial, reivindicaciones sociales, pandemia y cambio político.
El municipio como factor de integración política. Palma de Mallorca, 1890-1923
Authors: Salas-Vives Pere
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo parte de la consideración del poder local/municipal como un elemento esencial para la construcción y consolidación del Estado liberal y no como su antítesis. De acuerdo con ello, el gobierno central no se entiende solo como un dominio externo a la localidad en pugna permanente con el poder surgido del municipio, sino que forman parte de un mismo sistema estatal, en competencia y colaboración constantes, de tal forma que ambos se refuerzan mutuamente. Es decir, debe considerarse al Estado, siguiendo a Pierre Bourdieu, como un campo de poder en lugar de un bloque compacto, donde compiten formas de capital específicas. Concretamente, nos centraremos en el análisis de los factores de integración en el Estado que supuso la política municipal durante la Restauración, especialmente a partir de la implantación del sufragio universal masculino, utilizando el caso de Palma, capital de la provincia de las Islas Baleares.
Theoretical Review of Taxation Issues: Impact on Companies’ Performance
Authors: Oyasor Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Taxation is an instrument employed by the government for generating public funds. It is a required payment imposed by the government on the income, profit or wealth of individuals, “group of persons, and corporate organizations. This paper offers a review on taxation, with reference on theoretical prepositions. In Nigeria today, certainty characteristic implies that collection of taxes from taxpayers is assured. Tax collection is not affected by the state of the economy, whether the economy is declining, stagnant or growing. Its flexibility makes it possible for the government to adjust the tax system to suit her desired purpose. In Nigeria, corporate taxes levied include company income tax, tertiary education tax, information technology levy, Nigerian police trust fund levy among others. The paper offers brief literature, presents the theoretical postulations on taxation, as well as issues on taxation in Nigeria.
An Innovative Framework for Early Detection of Speech Disorders in Children with Speech Impairments Using Deep Learning and Hybrid Heuristic Search Algorithms
Authors: Saleh Alluhaidan Ala , A A Alneil Amani
Published: January 2025

Dysarthria is a speech disorder influenced by problems in controlling muscles, like the tongue and lips that are desirable to give speech. The motor-speech system can be considered by paralysis, coordination deficiencies, or weakness in dysarthria, which decreases the naturalness, effectiveness, and lucidity of verbal communication. Speech analytic methods depending on deep learning (DL) are common in medical testing. DL has been recently accepted and extensively applied in healthcare treatments. To accurately and objectively identify patients with dysarthria, most of the investigators are utilizing DL to improve the automated detection of dysarthria. Some researchers utilize words for speech detection and various feature extraction techniques to remove features from speech signals. In this paper, we offer an Innovative Framework for Early Detection of Speech Disorders in Children with Speech Impairments Using Deep Learning and Hybrid Heuristic Search Algorithms (EDSDCSI-DLHHS) model. The EDSDCSI-DLHHS model aims to develop an effective system for recognizing speech disorders in children with dysarthria. Initially, the EDSDCSI- DLHHS approach is applied preprocessing techniques are employed to enhance the quality and remove any noise from the recorded speech samples. For feature extraction, linear prediction coding (LPC) has been applied to capture the key features of the speech signals. For the speech disorder classification, the graph attention network (GAT) method is employed. Eventually, the hyperparameter choice of the GAT method is applied by the design of the hybrid Siberian tiger and sand cat swarm optimization (hybrid STSC) algorithm. To demonstrate the goodclassification outcome of the EDSDCSI-DLHHS model, a broad range of experiments occurs on the benchmark dataset. The extensive comparative results ensured the betterment of the EDSDCSI-DLHHS approach across the existing methods.
AI in Drug Development: Speeding Up the Search for New Medicines – A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kabilan Kaavya
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a transformative role in drug development, offering significant potential to accelerate the traditionally slow and expensive process. This review examines the integration of AI into key stages of drug discovery, such as target identification, compound screening, clinical trials, and personalized medicine. By reviewing recent advancements, the review highlights the strengths of AI in speeding up drug development, while also addressing the challenges such as data quality, model interpretability, and regulatory issues that still need to be overcome.
Molecular docking, dynamics, and drug-likeness studies of alprazolam derivatives as a potent anxiolytic drug against GABAA receptors
Authors: Praveen Mallari , Paramanik Vijay
Published: January 2025

GABAA receptors exhibit permeability to the chloride ion-gated channel, and an increase in excitability disrupts the ion gradients, hence contributing to the development of anxiety-related disorders. This study aims to repurpose potent inhibitors of alprazolam analogs, which were obtained from the PubChem database. These ligands are being investigated for their binding ability to the GABAA receptor. We employed molecular docking through Autodock vina V.4.2 software. The Swiss ADME server was utilized to assess the drug-likeness of the ligands. MDS was conducted using the iMODS platform. Compounds A3, A8, and A9 exhibited a notable binding score range of -8.0 to -8.4 kcal/mol-1 with GABAA protein. The drug-likeness analysis revealed that 3 ligands had compliance with Lipinski's RO5. Moreover, the A8 compound can traverse the BBB. In contrast, the A3 and A9 ligands remain localized in the GI region. The MDS of the GABAA receptor with the A8 molecule exhibited higher stability than alprazolam. The current investigation unveiled a highly effective antagonist of GABAA receptors, specifically A8 - 8-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-6-phenyl-4H- [1,2,4] triazolo [4,3-a] [1,4] benzodiazepine. This compound holds potential for future wet-lab experiments, perhaps leading to its utilization in therapeutic applications as an anxiolytic medication.
Post-COVID-Syndrom aus Sicht der Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege
Authors: Struve N. , Frosch C. , Drechsel-Schlund C.
Published: January 2025

Eine SARS-CoV-2-Infektion und -Erkrankung kann als eine Berufskrankheit oder ein Arbeitsunfall anerkannt werden. Den gesetzlichen Unfallversicherungsträgern wurden bis Ende 2023 über 600.000 Verdachtsanzeigen gemeldet [3], davon entfallen ca. drei Viertel auf die Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW). Der Anteil an Langzeitverläufen bei anerkannten Versicherungsfällen liegt bei circa 1,5%. Die Diagnostik und Rehabilitation wird individuell auf die Symptome und Teilhabebedarfe der Betroffenen ausgerichtet. Ziel ist die Wiederherstellung der Gesundheit und Arbeitsfähigkeit mit allen geeigneten Mitteln. Schlüsselwörter: Unfallversicherung, Berufskrankheit, Arbeitsunfall, Teilhabe
Unexpected Musical Worlds of Vienna
Authors: Hemetek Ursula
Published: January 2025

Vienna has been and still is the "City of Music" at a crossroads of international flow and immigration. This unique condition of Vienna arises from its history as the capital of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, its later position as the eastern-most outpost of Western Europe during the Cold War, as the nearest shelter for refugees during the Balkan Wars, and, finally, as the center of working immigration from south-eastern Europe. For centuries, Vienna truly has been and today remains a multicultural city. This history and these conditions all lead to an astounding musical diversity. Drawing from several of my own recent research projects on the topic I try in my paper to deal with the production of music (active music making) by immigrants as well as with the "embeddedness" of these activities. I raise topics like the idea of the construction of ethnicity by performance, of the creation of "place" by music, of culturalization as well as deconstructing ethnic images. Collectivism as well as individuality are also important approaches. The methodological frame comes from studies in urban ethnomusicology as well as from recent discourses on diaspora and music. The music examples I use are part of Vienna's immigrant scene, especially from the communities from the former Yugoslavia as well as from Turkey. As ethnomusicology deals with music in social and political context, the socio-political background is an important focus of the paper.
Listening to the Music of a City
Authors: Jurková Zuzana
Published: January 2025

The article consists of two parts. The first is focused on different theoretical approaches used/usable when researching music of a city. The second part offers five topics (which merged on the basis of several criteria): 1) music and the stratified and specialized society; 2) music and rebellion; 3) commodification and music; 4) electronic dance music; 5) music and spirituality. In their frameworks, different musical events and their contexts (“soundscapes”) are discussed. Two important features are recognized when studying Prague soundscapes.The first of them is the blurring of various musical borders (in the concept of music, in style/genre, in the concept of musical sound…). The other feature is the functioning of music in strengthening group identities by fostering internal values and separating them from their surroundings.
Kult božských soch a průvodiče mezilidské komunikace ve starosemitských civilizacích
Authors: Antalík Dalibor
Published: January 2025

This paper deals with some problems concerning divine images in ancient Semitic religions. As an introduction, it presents a survey of information from primary sources. The archaeological evidence of Semitic cult statues is very sparse. We can find their representations only in some stone reliefs and in the presentation scenes of cylinder seal motifs. There are some written materials: sporadic references in royal inscriptions, a small number of cultic texts with a complete description of the purifying rituals for a new or renewed divine statue (the so called «mīs pî» texts in Mesopotamia), other references can be found in mythic and ritual texts (for ex. in the Epic of Erra, in the Ugaritic and in the Emar ritual texts) or anti-idolatrous polemics in the Old Testament. According to the literary documentation, the „idolatry“ (from the Greek eidōlon, image, portrait) of pre Judaic and pre Islamic Semites might be defined as the worship of an object considered as a legitimate substitute for the divine in the cult, but not as a „living“ entity. These vehicula of the divine presence played an essential role in many important rituals and regular religious ceremonies in the temple area and sometimes even outside the sanctuaries. However, the donation of food and drink to the images of gods (i.e. the presentation of sacrifices and libations), the giving of votive gifts, the anointing with oil and washing the mouth of statues, their ritual fashioning and clothing, and finally, their taking to bed on purpose to evoke either symbolic divine rest or „sacred marriage“ (hieros gamos) represent the core of this ritual complex in the temple. In the final part of this paper, the question of finding some correlates of these forms of idol’s worship in a sphere of social ethics is treated. For example, the two first tablets of the Gilgamesh Epic reveal that fundamental ritualised concomitants of interpersonal communication (the common consummation of food and drink; the exchange of conventional gifts; the anointing with oil and washing of the guest; the provision of clothes; the offering of „sexual favours“) correspond to the cultic rules of communication with the sacred through idolatry.
Město jako kultura a jako produkt kultury
Authors: Klusáková Luďa
Published: January 2025

Jednu z hlavních sekcí světového kongresu historiků pořádala Mezinárodní komise pro dějiny měst. Sekci organizovala a zasedání řídila Marjatta Hietala. Komentátorem příspěvků v této sekci byl Roger Chartier. Hietalová dala své sekci dvojjazyčný (vědomě ambivalentní) anglicko-francouzský název The City as a Culture – La ville produit culturel.