bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of material properties on the paper cup manufacturing process
Authors: Bonifer Juho , Tanninen Panu , Leminen Ville
Published: September 2024

The disposable cup market has long relied on paperboard with a fossil-based polymer coating as a replacement for 100% plastic cups. Paperboards with biobased or biodegradable polymer coatings are aimed at reducing the fossil resource consumption of the packaging sector. However, as their properties are inherently different from traditional, fossil-based materials, they can face runnability issues. In order to establish a connection between certain material properties and runnability issues, four coated paperboard materials with differing surface and strength properties were converted into 250 mL/8 oz disposable drinking cups. The materials included two single-side extrusion-coated paperboards and two two-sided dispersion-coated paperboards. The cups were manufactured in two separate runs with minor machine adjustments to affect the resulting cup geometry. A comparison of the manufactured cups and material properties revealed the materials’ coefficient of friction to be the major cause of runnability issues or defects. Other suspected properties affecting the performance of cup materials included bending stiffness and compression strength.
Basic human rights of the street children-a special reference to Bhubaneswar city
Authors: Pradhan Tulishree , Sahoo Tarini Prasad
Published: September 2024

This paper deals with the situation of street children in Bhubaneswar town of Odisha. A street child is “any boy or girl for whom the street has become his or her ordinary home or source of sustenance”. According to the United Nations Children’s Fund, around 4,00,000 street children are living in different parts of India, wherein living conditions are vulnerable. Bhubaneswar is one of Odisha State's fast-growing cities. The researcher selected Bhubaneswar city as a research framework and collected data on the socio-economic and living conditions of 20 street children using the targeted sampling method. The survey revealed that respondents were on average 14 years old. Approximately 82% of street kids have dropped out of school. The main job they do for their sustenance is to collect old papers, coolie work, begging, shoe shining, flower selling, etc. A small percentage of street children, according to key informants, are implicated in thefts, sex work, drug cases, whistle-blowers, etc. This study suggests that street children should receive thoughtful care, emotional support, and nutritious nutrition so that they are not at risk for their health and work. The concept of street education must be developed for the street children by that they could be easily integrated into other public schools later on as a means of mainstreaming them into society. Apart from that, the media must publicize the success stories of the restoration of street children with their family members or to mainstream society.
Factors Affecting Length of Stay for Children Hospitalized After Pediatric Surgical Procedures
Authors: Berry Jay G. , Staffa Steven J. , Hong Peter , Stringfellow Isabel , Leahy Izabela , Ferrari Lynne
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Understanding the postoperative length of stay (LOS) by surgical procedure is important for hospital medicine clinicians involved in surgical co-management. We assessed variation in postoperative LOS for children after elective surgical procedures and risk factors for prolonged LOS.

METHODS

This study is a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients undergoing elective surgical procedures between January 1, 2018 and October 1, 2021 with postoperative hospitalization for recovery at a freestanding children’s hospital. The postoperative LOS (number of days) was compared across types of surgery and by the number of chronic conditions (assessed with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Condition Indicator system) using multivariable quantile regression.

RESULTS

The median (interquartile range) LOS across all 347 types of surgical procedures combined was 2 (interquartile range 1–4). Surgical procedures (n = 85) with a median LOS between 3.0 and <5.0 days (eg, spinal fusion, Chiari decompression) accounted for 20.9% of all hospitalizations (N = 12 139) and 23.1% of all postoperative bed days. Procedures (n = 46) with a median LOS of ≥5.0 days (eg, femoral osteotomy, bladder reconstruction) accounted for 15.0% and 46.8% of all hospitalizations and bed days, respectively. After controlling for the type of procedure, having ≥4 (versus none) chronic conditions was significantly associated with experiencing a prolonged LOS (90th percentile: 5.2 days); patients with 4 to 6, versus no, chronic conditions stayed a median of 1.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.7–2.2) days longer, those with 7 to 9 chronic conditions stayed a median of 1.9 (95% CI 1.0–2.7) days longer, and those with ≥10 chronic conditions stayed a median of 4.0 (95% CI 3.3–4.7) days longer.

CONCLUSIONS

Hospital medicine clinicians can use the type of surgery in combination with the number of chronic conditions to estimate postoperative LOS after elective surgical procedures in children.
Exploring cultural influences in perinatal and early childhood nutrition
Authors: Raman Shanti , Napier Raman Sharanya , Pinzón Segura María Camila
Published: September 2024

Objective This review analyzes socio-cultural factors impacting maternal and infant nutrition in low-resource settings, covering the perinatal period including pregnancy, childbirth, and early infancy.
Methodology It examines qualitative studies from 1990 to 2021, identified through databases such as Medline, Embase, and Scopus, using broad search terms including “traditional beliefs,” “practices” and “perinatal”.
Results The synthesis highlights strong cultural support for breastfeeding across diverse cultures, although traditional taboos and beliefs often undermine exclusive breastfeeding. A deep cultural appreciation for the therapeutic benefits of foods is observed, with prevalent, albeit varied, notions of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ foods influencing dietary choices during the perinatal period. Intergenerational support plays a crucial role, though it often conflicts with biomedical advice, particularly in migrant populations. Cross-cutting themes include the enduring role of women as “good mother” in perinatal care, the impact of poverty on nutritional choices, and the evolving nature of cultural practices, the direction of which is not always predictable.
Conclusions Cultural beliefs profoundly shape perinatal and infant nutrition. It advocates the need for public health strategies that are culturally sensitive and tailored to specific community needs to optimize health outcomes for mothers and infants. Future interventions should integrate cultural understanding into public health practices, pro- moting beneficial traditions while modifying detrimental ones.
The usefulness of the left ventricle myocardial performance index (LV MPI) to assess left ventricular function in children with myocarditis
Authors: Jarecka Monika , Furmanek Mariusz , Werner Bożena
Published: September 2024

Introduction and objective: Myocarditis, due to its diverse clinical presentation, is a big challenge for clinicians. Aim of the paper was to assess the left ventricular myocardial performance index by echocardiography and the relationship between left ventricular myocardial performance index and the oedema in T2-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in children with myocarditis. Materials and methods: The retrospective study included 32 patients with diagnosed myocarditis, in whom echocardiographic parameters, including left ventricular myocardial performance index, were compared with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging results. The control group consisted of 30 teenagers. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained between the mean values of the left ventricle myocardial performance index in the study group compared to the values in the control group for the basal segment of the interventricular septum, respectively 0.52 ± 0.07 vs. 0.4 ± 0.08 (p < 0.001), the basal segment of the lateral wall 0.48 ± 0.02 vs. 0.41 ± 0.08 (p = 0.019) and the middle segment of the interventricular septum 0.5 ± 0.01 vs. 0.39 ± 0.09 (p = 0.001). In 12 patients the average value of the left ventricle myocardial performance index was <0.5, in 8 of them (66.6%), no residual changes were observed on cardiac magnetic resonance after 9 ± 2 months. All patients in whom average left ventricle myocardial performance index was >0.5, residual changes persisted in cardiac magnetic resonance. Conclusions: In children with myocarditis, the values of the left ventricle myocardial performance index in echocardiography are increased. Higher values of left ventricle myocardial performance index indicate a longer duration of the inflammatory process, which is reflected in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
Reformizm konstytucyjny. W sprawie niezależności i efektywności Trybunału Konstytucyjnego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Ujazdowski Kazimierz M. , Izdebski Hubert ,   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny
Published: September 2024

The focus of remedial actions to align the system with constitutional democracy standards is on restoring the Constitutional Tribunal’s independence. However, this is just a minimum step. For the reform to benefit the state and citizens, it must not only repair post-2015 damages but also modernize the legal environment. The article examines parliamentary bills on the Constitutional Tribunal and and the Constitutional Tribunal Introductory Provisions, submitted on 6 March 2024, alongside a constitutional amendment bill from 56 senators submitted at the same time. The authors suggest expanding reform efforts, using constitutional reformism, which integrates law, political science, and public life practices, to propose solutions for improving the state’s quality.
Associação entre insegurança alimentar e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em pessoas idosas atendidas pela estratégia saúde da família: um estudo transversal no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Guedes Verônica França , Pereira Maria Luiza Amorim Sena , Pereira Débora Borges dos Santos , Souza Adna Luciana de , Teles Bruno Klecius Andrade , Pereira Marlus Henrique Queiroz
Published: September 2024

Resumo Objetivo Investigar a associação entre a Insegurança Alimentar (IA) e as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) em pessoas idosas da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método Estudo transversal realizado com pessoas idosas de um município do Nordeste do Brasil. A presença de DCNT (Diabetes Mellitus (DM); Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS); e dislipidemias) foi investigada por meio do diagnóstico médico autorrelatado (sim ou não). Já a IA foi avaliada pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA). No processamento dos dados foi feita a análise descritiva, a análise bivariada com o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e a regressão logística binomial. O nível de significância foi considerado para p<0,05. Resultados Foram avaliadas 316 pessoas idosas e observou-se uma prevalência de 63,3% para IA (37,7% de IA leve e 25,6% de IA moderada/grave). Em relação às DCNT investigadas, observou-se uma prevalência de 24,1% para DM, 69,9% para HAS e 30,7% para dislipidemia. Na análise de regressão, após ajustes, não houve associação entre IA e HAS ou DM. Houve associação somente entre IA leve e dislipidemia (OR 2,036; IC 95%:1,072 – 3,866). Não foi encontrada associação entre IA moderada/grave e dislipidemia (OR 1,779; IC 95%: 0,877 – 3,610). Conclusão O estudo aponta a IA como um problema social e de saúde pública em pessoas idosas atendidas pela ESF em um município do nordeste brasileiro, tanto pelas prevalências encontradas, quanto pela associação com doenças crônicas. A implementação de políticas públicas específicas para pessoas idosas pode melhorar o acesso a uma alimentação saudável e auxiliar na manutenção da saúde.
Construção e validação de cenário simulado interprofissional de identificação e manejo da sepse
Authors: Borges Michèle da Silva , Camacho Taiciana Chagas , Cogo Ana Luísa Petersen
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar um cenário de simulação realística interprofissional de identificação e manejo da sepse por médicos e enfermeiros. Método: Estudo metodológico desenvolvido em 2021, dividido em duas etapas: construção do roteiro e validação do conteúdo por juízes especialistas; e desenvolvimento da simulação e validação do cenário por médicos e enfermeiros. Participaram da pesquisa 15 especialistas na primeira etapa e oito profissionais assistenciais na segunda etapa. Adotou-se 0,8 como parâmetro do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC). Resultados: O roteiro do cenário abordou a sepse nosocomial com foco abdominal em paciente adulto e sua validação obteve IVC total de 0,97. Todas as áreas avaliadas no cenário de simulação obtiveram índices de concordância superiores a 0,8. Conclusão: A construção e validação do roteiro permitiu a elaboração de material norteador para o desenvolvimento de cenário simulado interprofissional, cujo processo de execução e validação demonstrou a sua adequabilidade na abordagem da identificação e manejo da sepse por médicos e enfermeiros. Recomenda-se realizar pesquisas futuras avaliando sua aplicabilidade a outros contextos situacionais.
Factors associated with inconsistent condom use among young people: systematic review
Authors: Silva Rafael de Siqueira , Bossonario Pedro Augusto , Ferreira Melisane Regina Lima , Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula , Bonfim Rafaele Oliveira , Alencar Vitória , Monroe Aline Aparecida
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify in the literature the factors associated with the inconsistent use of conservation by the young population. Method: Systematic review that searched for studies in six data sources in June 2023, with no publication date or language restrictions. Materials were selected by two independent reviewers who individually screened observational studies by reading the title and abstract of the articles. The studies were assessed for methodological quality and narrative synthesis. Results: Of the 15,783 publications retrieved, nine were included. It was found that anal sex, not carrying a condom, low education, shame about buying condoms, drug use, early sexual debut and difficulties in negotiating condom use were factors associated with inconsistent condom use among the young population. Conclusion: Multidimensional factors are associated with inconsistent condom use, permeated by sociodemographic, cultural and behavioral elements that challenge practices and policies aimed at promoting sexual and reproductive health, including the control of sexually transmitted infections.
Argumentação e seu uso em sala de aula: Concepções de professores de Química do Ensino Superior
Authors: Macie Belém Júrcia Violeta , Arruda Sergio de Mello , Passos Marinez Meneghello
Published: September 2024

RESUMO: O artigo teve por objetivo compreender os sentidos que os professores de um curso de licenciatura em Química atribuem à argumentação. Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, em que se usou a teoria da argumentação no seu decurso metodológico e os procedimentos da Análise de Conteúdo para interpretar as informações obtidas por meio de entrevista discursiva. Mediante esse processo identificou-se um conceito para argumentação alinhado com as perspectivas lógica, retórica e dialética. Todos os professores, com exceção de um deles (P1), declararam que a argumentação é importante para o ensino de Química e mencionaram que o trabalho independente, o debate e a pergunta, foram as estratégias adotadas. Os resultados revelaram interdependência entre as categorias conceitual, epistemológica e didática; desse modo, as concepções dos professores a respeito da argumentação influenciaram no conceito para argumentação elaborado por eles, bem como no entendimento de como a argumentação pode ser usada em sala de aula.
COOPERATION STRATEGIES IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESS: A REASSESSMENT OF THE UPPSALA MODEL
Authors: Figueira-de-Lemos Francisco , Ferreira Paul
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT This article reassesses the Uppsala model nearly fifty years after its formulation by Johanson and Vahlne (1977), showing the effect of cooperation among firms in their internationalization process through a graphical analysis of the internationalization mechanism’s risk formula. This research contributes to the field of international business by extending the explanatory power of the Uppsala model to the scope of international alliances and joint ventures, with practical implications for decision-making between these two modes of cooperation, particularly in terms of the leveraging effects of knowledge and resources, either through contractual agreements or by establishing third-party’s autonomous vehicles to the partnering firms.
A Study on Screw Loosening in Dental Implant Abutment
Authors: Srivastava Sambhrant
Published: September 2024

Dental implants are integral in replacing missing teeth, providing durability and natural aesthetics through osseointegration-a process where the implant fuses with the jawbone to support a prosthesis. However, screw loosening presents significant challenges, potentially leading to implant failure, bone loss, and peri-implantitis. Contributing factors include micro-leakage, settling effects, loss of preload, abutment angulation, and inadequate torque application. Addressing these issues through proper torque management, anti-rotation features, and retightening protocols is crucial for implant longevity and success. This study outlines key causes and solutions for screw loosening in dental implants.
External Fixation of Clavicle Fractures with Comminution or in Highly Active Patients
Authors: Vekris Marios D. , Papadopoulos Dimitrios V. , Elisavet Mantzila , Papageorgiou Christos D. , Korompilias Anastasios V.
Published: September 2024

Conservative treatment of clavicle fractures has the disadvantage of substantial pain and discomfort, whereas internal fixation of these fractures has a high rate of non-union. External fixation is an alternative method permitting early mobilization without disrupting the surrounding soft tissue envelope. These are extremely beneficial in young, athletic and highly functional patients as well as in patients with comminuted fractures. This was a retrospective study of 17 consecutive patients with clavicle fractures. Thirteen of them were young, athletic patients while the remaining four were not highly active patients, but had a comminuted fracture. Mobilization of the shoulder started shortly after the operation and the external fixator was removed when radiological and clinical evidences of fracture union were present. Patients were reviewed up to 1 year postoperatively. Fracture union and functional activity were assessed clinically, radiologically, and with the aid of the VAS and DASH scores. In 16 patients fracture union was achieved 8 weeks postoperatively, while in one patient union was observed at 10 weeks. The mean VAS score was 4 at 2 weeks postoperatively, while by 6 weeks all patients had full range of shoulder motion. The mean DASH score 6 months postoperatively was 8 points. There were no postoperative infections or non-union. In 2 patients with comminuted fractures there was a minor displacement. External fixation is an easier to apply and less invasive method of surgical stabilization relative to internal fixation. Furthermore, it permits early mobilization and guarantees union of the fracture.
Is Tea Waste A Promising Co-substrate for Optimizing The Cultivation, Growth, and Yield of Charleston Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)?
Authors: Karataş Arzu
Published: September 2024

To address growing concerns about sustainable agriculture and waste management, this study aimed to explore the viability of tea waste as an eco-friendly alternative substrate for cultivating Charleston peppers (Capsicum annuum), with the goal of optimizing plant growth and yield while reducing soil dependence, lowering cultivation costs, and repurposing agro-industrial waste. Six different substrate combinations were evaluated: 1) Tea waste, 2) Tea waste + Manure, 3) Tea waste + Soil, 4) Manure + Soil, 5) Tea waste + Manure + Soil, and 6) Tea waste + Manure + Soil + Perlite. Data were analyzed using both multivariate and univariate analyses to assess significant differences among treatments. Notably, significant differences in stem diameter were observed among plants grown on different substrates (one-way MANOVA, p <.05). However, plant height and chlorophyll content remained unaffected by substrate type. Although leaf structure exhibited considerable variation across treatments, no significant difference in dry matter content was observed. These results demonstrate that tea waste, especially when combined with other materials, is a promising sustainable substrate for Charleston pepper cultivation, potentially reducing soil dependence and agro-industrial waste.
Un proyecto integrado de lengua y contenido mediante el cómic de no-ficción en un centro educativo de Eslovaquia / An integrated language and content project using non-fictional comics in an educational center in Slovakiaucativo de Eslovaquia
Authors: Fajkišová Dominika
Published: September 2024

An exploratory case study is presented here, investigating the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in an educational institution. Through the development of a project centered on non-fictional comics, a proposal is crafted to integrate curriculum content from language, literature, and geography with the aim of achieving meaningful learning outcomes. Method: Collaborative action research is grounded in the construction of shared knowledge, facilitated by the cooperation between researchers and the teaching team to design a project in a fourth-grade primary school classroom in the town of Bytča, Slovakia. The objective is to examine the benefits generated by this experience within the learning community. The following tools are employed: qualitative analysis of student work and their oral presentations, unstructured interviews, Learning Journals of teachers and researchers, as well as observation and evaluation rubrics. Results: The delivered benefits are described, and some challenges are identified, which are addressed to find solutions. Discussion: It is revealed that PBL, through integrated thematic projects, constitutes an enriching methodology that contributes to enhancing the quality of education. Moreover, there is a call for expanding this experience to other contexts and for further promoting collaborative research between schools and universities.
Bases para una genealogía de la no-ficción en el cómic / Bases for a Genealogy of Non-Fiction in Comics
Authors: Ibarra Rius Noelia , Pons Álvaro M.
Published: September 2024

Non-fiction comics have successfully integrated into educational practice, taking advantage of their increased relevance and thematic diversity. However, it is essential for their proper treatment to understand the connection of this form of comics with its tradition and history. In this work, the evolution of this form of comics from various representations of reality through drawn expression is analyzed, starting from taxonomic definitions of the genre. The objective is to chronologically trace a genealogy that identifies the origins of non-fiction comics as part of artistic and cultural production. This research, conducted broadly in its criteria, allows for connecting from the earliest forms of drawn narration to contemporary documentary comics, identifying different key examples in their evolution from the first expressions in the Middle Ages to the early 20th-century educational comics. This establishes links and relationships that facilitate their inclusion in the classroom as a didactic tool from various perspectives.
Treatment schemes and persistence in Colombian patients diagnosed with inflammatory arthritis after the failure of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs v1
Authors: Machado Alba Jorge
Published: September 2024

Introduction:Inflammatory arthritis is related to disability, chronic pain, and prematuredeath. A lack of treatment persistence leads to poor control of symptoms, inflammation,and joint damage, thereby worsening quality of life. Objective: Todetermine the effectiveness of antirheumatic drug treatment and the persistenceof use in Colombian patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),psoriatic arthritis (PsA), ankylosing spondyloarthritis (AS), and juvenilerheumatoid arthritis (JIA) after the failure of conventional disease-modifyingantirheumatic drugs. (cDMARDs). Methods: In this retrospectivedescriptive study, patients who were diagnosed with RA, PsA, AS, or JIA; weretreated at a center specializing in rheumatological diseases; who started theirfirst treatment with biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) or tofacitinib betweenFebruary 2016 and December 2019; and who were followed up until thediscontinuation of treatment or 24 months were evaluated. Results: A total of 426patients were included; 78.8% were women, and the mean age was 50.2±14.1 years.The majority had a diagnosis of RA (71.8%). A total of 89.9% had receivedcDMARDs, and 77.2% had received glucocorticoids. The most frequently initiatedbDMARDs were rituximab (31.2%), etanercept (23.0%), and adalimumab (14.6%). Atotal of 80.3% of patients received concomitant cDMARDs. During an averagefollow-up of 635.2±189.6 days, 12.9% of patients had changes in their treatmentregimen, 26.3% had interruptions in their treatment regimen, and 23.9%discontinued bDMARDs or tofacitinib. Patients who received concomitant cDMARDswere more likely to continue their biological therapy (odds ratio: 8.50; 95% confidenceinterval: 3.49-20.73; p<0.001). Conclusions: Follow-upevaluation of this group of patients revealed that they were treated mainlywith non-TNF-α inhibitors associated with cDMARDs, and a low proportion of thepatients had changes in therapy, although one-quarter had treatment interruptionsor discontinuations.
The "Material and Methods" section of the manuscript entitled "The prognostic value of H3K27me3 implies potential therapeutic targets of EZH2 in sinonasal soft tissue sarcoma: evidence gained from a single-arm, prospective, observational trial v2
Authors: Zhou Chengle
Published: September 2024

The manuscript entitled "The prognostic value of H3K27me3 implies potential therapeutic targetsin sinonasal soft tissue sarcoma: evidence gained from a single-arm, prospective, observational trial interim analysis " originated from exploration of a single-am, prospective, observational trial conducted in sinonasal STS patients evaluating the clinical efficacy of endoscopic surgery, and firstly aimed at identifying for the first time the prognostic value of an epigenetic biomarker H3K27me3 in sinonasal STS patients . Secondly, a clinical applicable nomogram model for risk stratification was constructed and validated. Thirdly, in pursuit of clinical translation, since cell lineages, drug testing platforms and innovative therapies is scarce in sinonasal STS, we employed patient derived organoids(PDO) as preclinical models, and probed novel therapeutic innovations through PDO-based drug-response assay. Meanwhile, the current protocol webpage at protocols.io encompassed the "Material and Methods" methodological sections of the exact manuscript. This webpage was constructed for acdemic discussion and methodoligical deposit.
Value Predictors of Civic Identity in Adolescents with Deviant Behavior
Authors: Gorkovaya I.A. , Miklyaeva A.V. , Samoilov O.M.
Published: September 2024

Against the background of growing interest in the problems of forming the civic identity of adolescents, the question of the peculiarities of its formation in adolescents with deviant behavior, which are characterized by a value system that distinguishes them from their peers with conditionally normative development, remains insufficiently studied. The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying value predictors of civic identity in adolescents with deviant behavior. The sample consisted of respondents (N = 130) aged 13-18 years (M = 15.25 ± 1.14), including 52 adolescents with stable deviant behavior, as well as 78 of their peers with conditionally normative behavior. The respondents answered the questions of the methodology “Valence of civic identity” and an abbreviated version of the “Portrait Value Questionnaire” (PVQ). According to the results of the study, the most significant values of adolescents in both groups are kindness, independence and safety, and the least importance is given to the values of authority. In addition, adolescents with deviant behavior note the importance of the value of conformity. It has been established that the value of authority is a negative predictor of civic identity in adolescents, regardless of age and normativity of behavior, while hedonism is also a significant predictor of civic identity for adolescents with deviant behavior. The prospects of studying the content of civic identity in adolescents with resilient deviant behavior are discussed.
Psychological Readiness of Pre-Trial Detention Center Officers to Use Lethal Force with Firearms
Authors: Ovcharova E.V. , Dushkin A.S. , Konopleva I.N. , Kovalchuk I.A.
Published: September 2024

The article addresses the problem of psychological readiness of correctional security officers to use lethal force with firearms. The peculiarities of their operational and service activities related to the potential use of firearms are analysed, and the factors contributing to stress and having a negative impact on the personality of pre-trial detention center officers carrying out service with weapons are identified. The sample consisted of 25 employees from the security department, who perform their duties with firearms at the Federal Penitentiary Institution SIZO-1 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Republic of Mari El. The research methods included a diagnostic block: the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire by R.B. Cattell (Form C), the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, and G. Schubert’s “Readiness for Risk” technique (RSK). The Psychometric Expert program was used to process the data. During the empirical research, which aimed to study the psychological readiness of these employees to use lethal force with firearms, a group of officers with low psychological readiness for using lethal force with firearms was identified. It was concluded that specialized psychological work is necessary for these individuals, aimed at developing and enhancing their psychological readiness.
Review of Foreign Studies of the Mechanisms of Mental Adaptation in Mentally Healthy People
Authors: Pronicheva M.M. , Dubinsky A.A. , Rashevskaya O.Yu.
Published: September 2024

The article presents an overview of modern foreign studies devoted to the study of adaptation mechanisms of mentally healthy people. The authors examine the relationship between mental health and physical illness, the role of social support in adaptation to stress and its impact on psychological well-being, as well as the impact of stressors on emotional regulation. A separate block of studies is devoted to the study of post-traumatic stress disorder as a manifestation of maladjustment in high-risk and life-threatening situations. It is shown that studies of the mechanisms of mental adaptation are necessary for the development of effective strategies for maintaining emotional stability and psychological well-being. The present study provides an idea of the vectors of foreign empirical studies over the past 7 years, the degree of development of the problem of adaptation mechanisms and coping with stress in high-risk and life-threatening situations.
Features of Self-Perception in Men and Women Suffering from Alcohol Addiction
Authors: Vlasova N.V. , Buslaeva E.L.
Published: September 2024

The article presents results of the research into self-perception of males and females diagnosed with chronic alcoholism. The article’s data is theoretically based on the analysis of contemporary scientific studies which indicate a number of discrepancies identified in certain qualitative characteristics of alcohol addicts’ self-image. The empirical research studies 80 people aged between 30 and 47 years, including males (N = 20) and females (N = 20) with alcohol addiction, as well as healthy males (N = 20) and females (N = 20) who consume alcohol not more than 3 times a month. To identify indicators of a person’s self-perception the article uses the following methodology: “The study of the general self-esteem” by G.N. Kazantseva, “Personality differential” by E.F. Bazhin and A.M. Etkind, “Self-attitude Questionnaire” by V.V. Stolin and S.R. Pantileev. The research data shows that male alcohol addicts tend to have low self-esteem and self-control, declining auto-sympathy and self-acceptance, lack of self-management which is paradoxically coupled with excessive self-assurance. At the same time female alcohol addicts self-image is less different from that of healthy females. The former tend to have excessive self-assurance combined with low self-understanding. Moreover, compared with their male counterparts, females alcohol users show higher auto-sympathy and lower self-blaming. The acquired data can be used for developing rehabilitation programs for people suffering from alcohol addiction to help them build motivation for alcohol withdrawal.
Educação para sustentabilidade em uma região mineradora de carvão: mobilizando escolas e alunos de Candiota (RS)
Authors: Kadel Jr. Nelson , Lima Maria Soares de , Moreira Wislayne Aires , Sellitto Miguel Afonso
Published: September 2024

Embora a educação para a sustentabilidade deva ser um dos objetivos de toda comunidade de ensino, dificuldades pode surgir no desenvolvimento de tal prática. Escolas e educadores muitas vezes se deparam com dificuldades, tais como a falta de material de apoio, conhecimento tecnico e prática pedagógica para ensinar e ao mesmo tempo reter a atenção dos alunos. O objetivo é descrever os resultados de um projeto de educação para a sustentabilidade cuja finalidade foi tornar alunos agentes da transformação social para uma sociedade mais sustentável. O método de pesquisa foi a pesquisa-ação. Pensando em contribuir para o desenvolvimento do ensino da sustentabilidade, uma empresa de mineração desenvolveu, suportada por instituição focada no assunto, um programa estruturado e de abrangência ampla, envolvendo todas as escolas de Candiota, no Rio Grande do Sul, cuja principal atividade é a mineração de carvão. O projeto desenvolvido pela empresa mineradora teve por objetivo principal o ensino dos 17 Objetivos para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), declarados pela ONU a todos os alunos de todas as escolas da cidade de Candiota, no Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo secundário foi capacitar professores da rede escolar para que desenvolvam ações perenes voltadas ao ensino da sustentabilidade. Os resultados extrapolaram os limites das escolas, uma vez que as ações desenvolvidas pelos atores geraram impacto também nas comunidades localizadas nos entornos das instituições, modificando habitos de moradores e a relação com o meio onde vivem. Como o resultado foi além da cidade, pode-se introduzir o conceito de região sustentável.
Pandemia de COVID-19 e determinantes das exportações brasileiras de carne bovina
Authors: Pinto Camila dos Santos , Silva Mygre Lopes da , Silva Rodrigo Abbade da
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os impactos da pandemia do novo COVID-19 nas exportações brasileiras de carne bovina in natura. Para tal, foi empregada econometria de séries temporais, a partir do modelo de Auto-regressão Vetorial (VAR), no período de 1999 a 2021. De forma geral, verifica-se variação direta entre as exportações brasileiras de carne bovina e o preço interno da carne bovina e a taxa de câmbio. Contudo, observa-se relação inversa com as proxy da renda externa e da pandemia. Os resultados apontam como significativas ao nível de 5% as variáveis relativas às exportações de carne bovina, preços internos, taxa de câmbio, renda externa e pandemia. A relação é direta para as variáveis preço interno e taxa de câmbio e inversa para as variáveis renda externa e pandemia. Com relação à pandemia, verificou-se que apesar de o choque ter efeito sobre as exportações, este efeito é limitado, e o comportamento da série oscila em torno da trajetória original de sua média histórica. Da mesma forma, a partir da decomposição da variância, o impacto observado foi uniforme ao longo dos trimestres, sendo reduzido nos últimos dois trimestres estimados. Futuramente deverão ser exploradas com mais profundidade os determinantes das exportações brasileiras especificamente para o mercado chinês, principal parceiro comercial do segmento no último quinquênio, com importante participação relativa no total das exportações.
Substratos alternativos na produção de mudas de espinafre da Amazônia
Authors: Silva Márcio , Mota Bárbara , Oliveira Roger , Silva Márcia , Ferreira Regina Lúcia
Published: September 2024

Como uma planta alimentícia não convencional de excelentes qualidades nutricionais, o espinafre da Amazônia se destaca entre outras espécies hortícolas, por apresentar alto potencial para uso na agricultura. No entanto, a literatura em relação ao uso de fontes orgânicas na produção de mudas é incipiente. Logo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de mudas de espinafre da Amazônia produzidas com substratos alternativos. O experimento foi realizado na horta da Universidade Federal do Acre, no período de março a abril de 2022. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro blocos. Os tratamentos foram os diferentes substratos, onde: T1 = substrato de palheira, T2 = substrato palheira com carvão, T3 = substrato comercial, T4 = substrato comercial + substrato de palheira e T5 = substrato comercial + substrato palheira com carvão. As avaliações ocorreram aos 30 dias de cultivo, avaliando: altura, diâmetro, comprimento e largura foliar, número total de brotações e folhas, comprimento de raízes, massa fresca da parte aérea e de raízes, massa seca da parte aérea e de raízes, massa fresca e seca total, e calculado o índice de qualidade de Dickson. Houve efeito significativo dos substratos utilizados para as variáveis avaliadas das mudas de espinafre. Os substratos alternativos em mistura com o comercial, apresentou-se como uma alternativa na produção de mudas. Os substratos palheira com carvão e palheira pura, quando em mistura ao comercial, é uma alternativa a produção de mudas de qualidade para o espinafre da Amazônia.
Rendimento e qualidade do carvão vegetal da madeira de Azadirachta indica
Authors: Medeiros Natielly Cristine Gomes de , Medeiros Neto Pedro Nicó de , Sales Francisco das Chagas Vieira , Cirilo Nauan Ribeiro Marques
Published: September 2024

A Azadirachta indica (nim indiano) é uma espécie exótica que apresenta alta adaptabilidade as diferentes condições edafoclimáticas, sendo empregada para diversos usos, principalmente a madeira para fins energéticos. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as características físico-químicas e energéticas do carvão vegetal da madeira de nim indiano em duas classes diamétricas. Foram amostradas aleatoriamente 10 árvores de nim indiano, cinco indivíduos para cada classe diamétrica em diferentes posições do fuste 0 (base), 25, 50, 75 e 100% da altura comercial do tronco, considerado um diâmetro mínimo de 5,0 cm e medidos os diâmetros com e sem casca nessas posições para o cálculo do volume de madeira e de casca. Para determinação da densidade básica dos discos de madeira foram utilizadas cunhas diametralmente opostas. As cunhas restantes dos discos foram utilizadas para as carbonizações, avaliações dos rendimentos e das características físicas e energéticas do carvão produzido. Nas análises dos resultados empregou-se o teste de T-Student (p ≤ 0,05), para comparação de médias dos parâmetros avaliados entre as duas classes de diâmetros detectadas como significativas pelo teste de F (p ≤ 0,05). A classe diamétrica 1 exibiu uma densidade básica média superior (0,57 g.cm-3) ao valor médio da classe 2 (0,47 g.cm-3). A classe diamétrica 2 apresentou os maiores teores de casca (20,94%). O rendimento em carvão vegetal foi superior na classe 1 (35,36%). O nim indiano apresentou bom potencial para produção de carvão vegetal, podendo diminuir a pressão antrópica sobre as espécies nativas destinadas para essa finalidade.
Produção de soja, consumo de energia elétrica e CO2 evitado com a implantação de sistemas fotovoltaicos: um estudo de caso do Sudeste Goiano
Authors: Batista Sérgio , Rocha Álvaro Guilherme , Barra Neto André , Oliveira Bruno Garcia de , Martins Sthefânia Magalhães , Assunção Guilherme Purcina de
Published: September 2024

Nos últimos 20 anos, a produção mundial de soja dobrou e o Brasil foi responsável por 52% de toda a soja exportada no mundo na safra 2021-2022. O Estado de Goiás responde sozinho por 14,1 milhões de toneladas de soja e a região Centro-Oeste brasileira foi responsável por 46% da safra nacional de 2021-2022. A produção de soja requer um consumo considerável de energia elétrica. No entanto, é preocupante notar que, em 2021, cerca de 72% da energia elétrica utilizada pelo setor agropecuário brasileiro provinha de fontes não renováveis, como lenha e óleo diesel. Diante deste contexto, o principal objetivo deste estudo é analisar a correlação entre a produção de soja, o consumo de energia elétrica e o potencial de redução das emissões de dióxido de carbono que pode ser alcançado caso os produtores rurais optem por adotar sistemas de energia fotovoltaica. Na avaliação dessa correlação, a análise concentra-se no período de 2005 a 2019, utilizando dados secundários de comprovada confiabilidade. Os resultados obtidos revelam uma forte correlação entre a produção de soja e o consumo de eletricidade no meio rural. Além disso, é possível identificar que a introdução de sistemas de geração fotovoltaica teria evitado a emissão de cerca de 66 toneladas de CO2 durante a safra de 2020 na região do sudeste goiano. Dado o peso da cultura da soja nessa região, esses resultados têm implicações significativas para o planejamento e a gestão de programas de eletrificação rural, bem como para o desenvolvimento de práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis.
Agroecologia e produção orgânica: um estudo de caso da associação agroecológica de Teresópolis, R
Authors: Cavalcante Deise Keller , Acacio Geraldo de Carvalho  , Renato Linhares de Assis  , Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva
Published: September 2024

Na agricultura, sistemas de produção agroecológicos representam estratégia concreta para apoiar a implementação de processos democráticos de desenvolvimento rural, em que, a partir de ações locais, os agricultores possam ter condições de assumir o protagonismo no processo de desenvolvimento local. A aplicação de princípios agroecológicos pode colaborar para manter variedades e cultivos tradicionais, promover o resgate e valorizar a cultura local, incluindo práticas de manejo que estimulam e revitalizam as etnociências. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a agricultura de montanha por meio das práticas agroambientais de produtores orgânicos vinculados à Associação Agroecológica de Teresópolis, tendo como base os pilares: ambiental, social, cultural e econômico. A metodologia aplicada foi a de estudo de caso, contemplando visitas às unidades de produção agrícola para análise do contexto produtivo e entrevistas com os associados através de questionários semiestruturados. Os resultados permitem afirmar que a agricultura orgânica em Teresópolis (RJ) se configura como uma vontade individual inserida em processo coletivo, sem apoio financeiro, presença ou incentivo do poder público.
Efeito antifúngico de extratos etanólicos de commelina erecta l. E richardia brasiliensis gomes
Authors: Dilkin Eliane Rosa da Silva , Matias Rosemary Matias , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de Oliveira , Corrêa Bianca Obes Corrêa
Published: September 2024

: Os fitopatógenos são problemas em diversas culturas de interesse no Brasil, devido ao clima favorável em suas lavouras, principalmente na região do Cerrado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar via pulverização, utilizando extratos vegetais de Commelina erecta e Richardia brasiliensis sobre o crescimento micelial de Macrophomina phaseolina em plantas de feijão do cultivar carioca. Os extratos hidroalcóolicos foram submetidos a análise fitoquímica. Para avaliar a atividade antifúngica in vivo, o ensaio se desenvolveu via pulverização manual com soluções hidroalcóolicas das plantas C. erecta e R. brasiliensis nas concentrações de 800, 1200 e 1600 µg/100 mL. Como controle as plantas foram pulverizadas com água. Após a aplicação das diferentes concentrações nas folhas de feijão, o fungo foi inoculado na base do caule, onde evidenciou o progresso da doença. Na concentração 800 µg/100 mL o controle da doença para C. erecta foi de 23,3% e, na concentração 1600 µg/100 mL o controle de doença para R. brasiliensis foi de 24,7%. Atribui-se a tendência antifúngica dos extratos as diversas classes de metabólitos secundários, principalmente as antraquinonas e esteroides com maior percentual para o extrato da C. erecta. O extrato das plantas possui potencial fungicida, podendo ser útil em programas de manejo de M. phaseolina.
Componentes de rendimento e qualidade de grão de cultivares de arroz sob manejos de irrigação
Authors: Nunes João Angelo Silva , Marchesan Enio , Riste Uashington da Silva , Bortolin Eduardo Streck , Oliveira Marcelo Lima de , Soares Camille Flores
Published: September 2024

O arroz é um dos alimentos mais importantes para a nutrição humana. O estudo de diferentes manejos da irrigação e de cultivares é de grande importância devido servir de alternativa para aumento de produtividade e qualidade de grãos sem aumento de área plantada e do consumo de água. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os componentes de rendimento e qualidade de grãos de cultivares de arroz submetidas aos manejos de irrigação permanente e irrigação intermitente. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental de várzea do Departamento de Fitotecnia na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial (2x4), referente ao manejo da água e cultivares de arroz, com quatro repetições. O manejo da água foi através de irrigação permanente e irrigação intermitente e quatro cultivares de arroz. Foram avaliados: número de grãos por panícula, esterilidade de espiguetas, massa de mil grãos, panículas por m2, rendimento de beneficiamento, grãos inteiros, área gessada, grãos gessados e grãos barriga branca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, com o programa SISVAR. Há diferença para os componentes de rendimentos e na qualidade de grãos em função das cultivares utilizadas. O manejo da irrigação influenciou nos componentes de rendimento e qualidade de grãos apenas no número de grãos por panícula e no rendimento de beneficiamento na safra 2016/2017 e nas variáveis massa de mil grãos e porcentagem de grãos inteiro na safra 2017/2018.