bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Career Path Decisions and Sustainable Options
Authors: Hassan Hamid , Hussain Mujahid , Niazi Amna , Hoshino Yasuo , Azam Akbar , Kazmi Ahmad Shabbar
Published: August 2022

Career planning has become more important than standalone job decisions in the current environment, where individuals have a wider range of choices of occupations and jobs than ever before. This paper reviews the theoretical developments in career guidance theory and recommends a holistic approach towards ‘Career Path Guidance’, incorporating psychological, sociological and developmental perspectives. An approach that considers several future steps in a career cannot be without challenges. The contextual and environmental situations along with individual characteristics are subject to change along a career path. Additionally, different stages in a career path are another variable that needs consideration to achieve a sustainable future. It has, therefore, been proposed that the career course be mapped by considering external factors, internal improvements and path-related dynamism. A multidimensional understanding of career guidance and the amount, complexity and sensitivity of the data involved mean that this approach may be better executed using computer-assisted systems that can source and logically analyze a large amount of information from several sources to produce coherent, sustainable and practical career path decisions.
High-Pressure Processing and Natural Antimicrobials Combined Treatments on Bacterial Inactivation in Cured Meat
Authors: Melhem Luiza Cecilia de Moraes , Do Rosario Denes Kaic Alves , Monteiro Maria Lúcia Guerra , Conte-Junior Carlos Adam
Published: August 2022

The combination of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and natural antimicrobials can present an interesting efficiency in the decontamination process of cured meat. However, several factors, such as application method and antimicrobial type, must be better understood to improve the process and its total employment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the combined effect (synergism or antagonism) of HHP and natural antimicrobials to inactivate pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in cured meat. After a systematic search of research articles in the databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct), 20 articles were eligible and resulted in 123 studies for meta-analysis. The effect on Listeria sp., Salmonella serovars, E. coli O157:H7, and total viable counts was investigated considering different application methods (spread onto the surface, incorporated into the product, and active packaging) and antimicrobial types (plant, bacterial and animal origins). Active packs showed the best synergy with HHP, exhibiting a mean effect of 0.78 (CI95: 0.25–1.32) log cfu/g. Antimicrobials of microbial origin (bacteriocins) were more effective in combination with HHP. In addition, Listeria sp. was the most sensitive bacterium considering all investigated combined methods. Hence, the use of natural antimicrobials has the potential to improve the decontamination process when HHP is applied.
What Drives Social Enterprises to Form Sustainable Values? The Effects of Normative Identity and Social Performance
Authors: Kim Juhee , Shin Minju
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the relationship between the social enterprises’ normative identity and social performance. Social enterprises are considered hybrid organizations that simultaneously pursue economic value and social value. To meet an SE’s mission and objectives, they need to build a normative identity and normative networks. This study examines how an SE’s normative identity and normative networks influence its performance. In particular, this study focuses on social performance. To test our hypotheses, we used survey data from CESE in Korea. The survey included samples from 1437 social enterprises that are certified by the government as social enterprises. Our dataset was constructed by sampling 300 social enterprises that attained the social incentive from the CSES. Social incentives are the reward for social performance. The findings suggest that while an SE’s normative identity orientation does not affect social performance, normative activity influences social performance. In addition, the legitimacy of an SE moderates the relationship between the normative network and social performance. These findings contribute to our understanding of an SE’s identity and social performance.
Risk Perceptions and Public Acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles: A Comparative Study in Japan and Israel
Authors: Khan Diana , Fujiwara Akimasa , Shiftan Yoram , Chikaraishi Makoto , Tenenboim Einat , Nguyen Thi Anh Hong
Published: August 2022

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are rapidly transforming the automotive industry due to rising consumer interest in these vehicles worldwide. However, few studies have compared different countries in terms of public acceptance of AVs. This study compares public acceptance of AVs as a function of risk perceptions in two countries leading the AV industry—Japan and Israel. We set our study within the risk-as-feelings framework. In contrast to “risk as analysis,” which invokes factual reasoning to bear on risk assessment and decision making, “risk as feelings” takes affective cues such as the sense of dread and unfamiliarity into judgments of risk. To this end, we conducted two web-based surveys in Japan in 2017 and Israel in 2021. In a between-subjects design, we manipulated introductory video information to portray various combinations of risk factors commonly associated with AVs: system errors, external interferences with car controls (e.g., hacking), and the inability of the AV to cope with unexpected events. Next, participants were surveyed about how they perceive the risks of AVs and other well-known technologies and activities. Results showed that acceptable risk, perceived risk, and perceived benefit of AVs were all generally higher in Israel than in Japan. The opposite pattern was found for a “risk adjustment factor,” suggesting that the Japanese seek more safety before acceptance than Israelis. Furthermore, we conducted a factor analysis on seven risk dimensions, resulting in a two-factor model of dread and unfamiliarity. Cognitive mapping of AVs and other technologies and activities in the two-factor plane revealed that the AV technologies we studied (i.e., AV-car levels 3 and 4; AV-bus levels 3 and 4) have high unfamiliarity risk but moderate dread risk compared to technologies and activities such as smoking, flying, and handguns. After exposure to video-based educational content, unfamiliarity risk was less influential but dread risk—in particular, related to human-made risks—became more influential. The results indicated that manufacturers and policymakers should emphasize mitigating human-made risks instead of focusing on improving public familiarity with AVs to garner trust and improve public acceptance of the technology.
Soil Erosion Processes and Geographical Differentiation in Shaanxi during 1980–2015
Authors: Lin Jifeng , Lin Yunhong , Zhao Hongfei , He Hongming
Published: August 2022

It is important to couple the analysis of the effects of topography, climate, vegetation, and human activities on soil erosion to understand the dynamic characteristics of soil erosion under environmental change. This study investigated the impacts of geographic unit difference on soil erosion in the Shaanxi Province in China through the model simulation (RUSLE) and quantitative analysis. The following results were achieved. First, the amplitudes of environmental change varied at different rates in the three regions over the past 35 years (1980–2015). The frequency of severe rainstorms, the main trigger for soil erosion, intensified most in the Loess Plateau compared to the Qinling Mountains and Guanzhong Plain and led to an increase in the number of geological disasters in that region. In addition, after the 1990s, vegetation improved most in the Loess Plateau, and socioeconomic activities related to urbanization, another important driver of soil erosion, increased the most in Guanzhong Plain. Second, improved vegetation cover was the most significant contributor to the reduction in soil erosion during the past 35 years, although intensified rainstorms and human activities enhanced the risks of soil erosion. Third, the comparative study revealed that different environmental parameters dominated soil erosion processes in the three regions.
A Review of the Integrated Renewable Energy Systems for Sustainable Urban Mobility
Authors: Al-Thani Hanadi , Koç Muammer , Isaifan Rima J. , Bicer Yusuf
Published: August 2022

Several challenges have emerged due to the increasing deterioration of urban mobility and its severe impacts on the environment and human health. Primary dependence on internal combustion engines that use petrol or diesel has led to poor air quality, time losses, noise, traffic jams, and further environmental pollution. Hence, the transitions to using rail and or seaway-based public transportation, cleaner fuels, and electric vehicles are some of the ultimate goals of urban and national decision-makers. However, battery, natural gas, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles require charging stations to be readily available with a sustainable energy supply within urban regions in different residential and business neighborhoods. This study aims to provide an updated and critical review of the concept and recent examples of urban mobility and transportation modes. It also highlights the adverse impacts of several air pollutants emitted from internal combustion engine vehicles. It also aims to shed light on several possible systems that integrate the electric vehicle stations with renewable energy sources. It was found that using certain components within the integrated system and connecting the charging stations with a grid can possibly provide an uninterrupted power supply to electric vehicles, leading to less pollution, which would encourage users to use more clean vehicles. In addition, the environmental impact assessments, as well as several implementation challenges, are discussed. To this end, the main implementation issues related to consumer incentives, infrastructure, and recommendations are also reported.
A Review of Logistics Pricing Research Based on Game Theory
Authors: Kong Jili , Chen Ziyu , Liu Xiaoping
Published: August 2022

As the scope and complexity of logistics outsourcing services expand, logistics activity has become a separate market service. It has become a critical issue to determine how to appropriately price logistics services. In this study, we systematically review the scientific literature on the pricing of logistics services based on content analysis and bibliometric methods, focusing on the application of game theory. We compare and analyze the literature in terms of three dimensions: logistics scenarios, game models, and influencing factors. This study identifies the main players and key research scenarios of logistics pricing, analyzes6aa the most appropriate and commonly used game models, and clarifies the main influencing factors of logistics pricing. Finally, we suggest future research directions to fill gaps in existing knowledge. This study conducts a systematic review of the current state of empirical research in the field of logistics pricing, which aids in the development of new models. The results of this study help to advance logistics services from a pricing standpoint, thereby increasing the economic and environmental sustainability of logistics activities.
Dynamic Deformation Monitoring of Offshore Oil Platforms with Integrated GNSS and Accelerometer
Authors: Yang Songliangzi , Xu Changhui , Mi Jinzhong , Gu Shouzhou
Published: August 2022

Dynamic deformation monitoring is a crucial component of the structural health monitoring of an offshore oil platform. Given the insensitivity of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to high-frequency vibration information, a combination of GNSS and accelerometer is used for vibration monitoring of platform structures. A hybrid filter based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) combined with a Chebyshev filter is proposed to process the monitoring data. The extracted GNSS low-frequency displacement is fused with the high-frequency displacement obtained from acceleration integration to obtain the overall dynamic displacement of the platform. The experimental analysis shows that the combination of t-test and correlation coefficient can select the required intrinsic mode function (IMF), the proposed hybrid filter can reduce the noise error to a certain extent, and the quadratic frequency domain integration of the acceleration data can avoid the influence of the integration trend term. The correlation coefficient between the overall reconstructed displacement and the original GNSS monitoring data was 0.8576, and the signal correlation after denoising and refactoring was more than 85%, thereby preserving the essential information components. Integrated GNSS and accelerometer monitoring systems complement each other’s advantages, compensating for their shortcomings in monitoring the dynamic deformation of a structure.
Poisson Stability in Symmetrical Impulsive Shunting Inhibitory Cellular Neural Networks with Generalized Piecewise Constant Argument
Authors: Akhmet Marat , Tleubergenova Madina , Seilova Roza , Nugayeva Zakhira
Published: August 2022

In the paper, shunting inhibitory cellular neural networks with impulses and the generalized piecewise constant argument are under discussion. The main modeling novelty is that the impulsive part of the systems is symmetrical to the differential part. Moreover, the model depends not only on the continuous time, but also the generalized piecewise constant argument. The process is subdued to Poisson stable inputs, which cause the new type of recurrent signals. The method of included intervals, recently introduced approach of recurrent motions checking, is effectively utilized. The existence and asymptotic properties of the unique Poisson stable motion are investigated. Simulation examples for results are provided. Finally, comparing impulsive shunting inhibitory cellular neural networks with former neural network models, we discuss the significance of the components of our model.
Analysis of Blockchain in the Healthcare Sector: Application and Issues
Authors: Odeh Ammar , Keshta Ismail , Al-Haija Qasem Abu
Published: August 2022

The emergence of blockchain technology makes it possible to address disparate distributed system security concerns in formerly ridiculous practices. A key factor of this ability is the decentralization of the symmetrically distributed ledgers of blockchain. Such decentralization has replaced several security functionalities of centralized authority with the use of cryptographic systems. That is, public or asymmetric cryptography is the key part of what makes blockchain technology possible. Recently, the blockchain experience introduces the chance for the healthcare field to implement these knowhows in their electronic records. This adoption supports retaining and sharing the symmetrical patient records with the appropriate alliance of hospitals and healthcare providers in a secure decentralized system, using asymmetric cryptography like hashing, digitally signed transactions, and public key infrastructure. These include specialized applications for drug tracking, applications for observing patients, or Electronic Health Records (EHR). Therefore, it is essential to notice that the principled awareness of the healthcare professionals is the leading point of the right perception ethics. In this work, we provide a thorough review of the issues and applications of utilizing blockchain in the healthcare and medical fields emphasizing the particular challenges and aspects. The study adopted a systematic review of secondary literature in answering the research question. Specifically, this paper aims to investigate how blockchain technology can be applied to improve the overall performance of the healthcare sector and to explore the various challenges and concerns of the application of blockchain in the healthcare system.
Conjugation Conditions for Systems of Differential Equations of Different Orders on a Star Graph
Authors: Kanguzhin Baltabek , Auzerkhan Gauhar
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a one-dimensional mathematical model for investigating the vibrations of structures consisting of elastic and weakly curved rods is proposed. The three-dimensional structure is replaced by a limit graph, on each arc of which a system of three differential equations is written out. The differential equations describe the longitudinal and transverse vibrations of an elastic rod, taking into account the influence of longitudinal and transverse vibrations on each other. Describing conjugation conditions at joints of four or more rods is an important problem. This article assumes new conjugation conditions that guarantee the all-around decidability and symmetry of the resulting boundary value problems for systems of differential equations on a star graph. In addition, the paper proposes a physical interpretation of the conjugation conditions found. Thus, the work presents one more area of knowledge where symmetry phenomena occur. The symmetry here is manifested in the preservation of conjugation conditions when passing to the conjugate operator.
Solo Travel Research and Its Gender Perspective: A Critical Bibliometric Review
Authors: Otegui-Carles Almudena , Araújo-Vila Noelia , Fraiz-Brea Jose A.
Published: August 2022

Solo travel continues to be an under-researched area in the field of tourism, hospitality, and events. After the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become necessary to review the knowledge acquired so far. In addition, the 2030 Agenda calls for more studies to understand the relationship between gender and tourism. Because of these facts, and with the aim of analyzing the progress and gaps in academic publications on solo travel in recent years, a bibliometric and content analysis review of the existing scientific literature on solo travel published in Scopus, ProQuest, and the Web of Science in the last 5 years was carried out, focusing the analysis on the gender perspective applied to these investigations. The results showed that research focused on solo travel should increase; this research should segment solo travelers, and comparisons should be realized between those segments and with other tourists who travel accompanied. To do so, a consensual definition of solo travelers is necessary. In addition, research should be extended to other regions and expand the field of analysis beyond motivations, experiences, or constraints. Research focused on solo female travelers should continue because while women cannot travel under the same conditions as men effective gender equality cannot be achieved.
The Role of a Multidisciplinary Approach in Gender Affirmation Surgery: What to Expect and Where Are We Currently?
Authors: Bocchino Alessia Celeste , Cocci Andrea , Zucchi Alessandro , Bartoletti Riccardo , De Lisa Antonello , Morelli Girolamo
Published: August 2022

Gender Affirmation Surgeries (GASs), erstwhile called Sex Reassignment Surgeries (SRSs), may be necessary for transgender individuals to change their bodily sexual characteristics and thereby affirm their gender identity. GASs encompass all medically necessary interventions to relieve gender dysphoria and should be available to patients who wish to, and who meet the surgical criteria of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) and Standards of Care (SOC). The comprehensive clinical assessment involves many health specialists, including general practitioners, psychologists, psychiatrists, speech therapists, endocrinologists, surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. To define the patients’ complex care needs and their objectives, high-volume specialized centers, accredited training programs, skilled surgeons and health professionals specializing in transgender care within a multidisciplinary team are essential. Currently, the most prominent challenges are related to ethical issues such as the treatment of underage individuals, fertility, parenting and the potential for regret after GAS. Finally, although GAS has been practiced for more than half a century, data on long-term follow-up represents a further topic for investigation.
The Second Human Pegivirus, a Non-Pathogenic RNA Virus with Low Prevalence and Minimal Genetic Diversity
Authors: Chen Shuyi , Wang Haiying , Dzakah Emmanuel Enoch , Rashid Farooq , Wang Jufang , Tang Shixing
Published: August 2022

The second human pegivirus (HPgV-2) is a virus discovered in the plasma of a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patient in 2015 belonging to the pegiviruses of the family Flaviviridae. HPgV-2 has been proved to be epidemiologically associated with and structurally similar to HCV but unrelated to HCV disease and non-pathogenic, but its natural history and tissue tropism remain unclear. HPgV-2 is a unique RNA virus sharing the features of HCV and the first human pegivirus (HPgV-1 or GBV-C). Moreover, distinct from most RNA viruses such as HCV, HPgV-1 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HPgV-2 exhibits much lower genomic diversity, with a high global sequence identity ranging from 93.5 to 97.5% and significantly lower intra-host variation than HCV. The mechanisms underlying the conservation of the HPgV-2 genome are not clear but may include efficient innate immune responses, low immune selection pressure and, possibly, the unique features of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). In this review, we summarize the prevalence, pathogenicity and genetic diversity of HPgV-2 and discuss the possible reasons for the uniformity of its genome sequence, which should elucidate the implications of RNA virus fidelity for attenuated viral vaccines.
Detection of Cetacean Poxvirus in Peruvian Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Using a Pan-Poxvirus PCR
Authors: Luciani Léa , Piorkowski Géraldine , De Lamballerie Xavier , Van Waerebeek Koen , Van Bressem Marie-Françoise
Published: August 2022

Cetacean poxviruses (CePVs) cause ‘tattoo’ skin lesions in small and large cetaceans worldwide. Although the disease has been known for decades, genomic data for these poxviruses are very limited, with the exception of CePV-Tursiops aduncus, which was completely sequenced in 2020. Using a newly developed pan-pox real-time PCR system targeting a conserved nucleotide sequence located within the Monkeypox virus D6R gene, we rapidly detected the CePV genome in typical skin lesions collected from two Peruvian common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) by-caught off Peru in 1993. Phylogenetic analyses based on the sequencing of the DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase genes showed that the two viruses are very closely related to each other, although the dolphins they infected pertained to different ecotypes. The poxviruses described in this study belong to CePV-1, a heterogeneous clade that infects many species of dolphins (Delphinidae) and porpoises (Phocoenidae). Among this clade, the T. truncatus CePVs from Peru were more related to the viruses infecting Delphinidae than to those detected in Phocoenidae. This is the first time that CePVs were identified in free-ranging odontocetes from the Eastern Pacific, surprisingly in 30-year-old samples. These data further suggest a close and long-standing pathogen–host co-evolution, resulting in different lineages of CePVs.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Australian Patients with Solid Organ Cancers
Authors: Bain Nathan , Nguyen Mike , Grech Lisa , Day Daphne , McCartney Amelia , Webber Kate , Kwok Alastair , Harris Sam , Chau Hieu , Chan Bryan , Nott Louise , Hamad Nada , Tognela Annette , Underhill Craig , Loe Bao Sheng , Freeman Daniel , Segelov Eva ,   on behalf of the CANVACCS Investigators
Published: August 2022

Background: Vaccination is the cornerstone of the global public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Excess morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 infection is seen in people with cancer. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has been observed in this medically vulnerable population, although associated attitudes and beliefs remain poorly understood. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of people with solid organ cancers was conducted through nine health services across Australia. Demographics, cancer-related characteristics and vaccine uptake were collected. Perceptions and beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccination were assessed using the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence and Complacency Scale and the Disease Influenced Vaccine Acceptance Scale-6. Results: Between June and October 2021, 2691 people with solid organ cancers completed the survey. The median age was 62.5 years (SD = 11.8; range 19–95), 40.9% were male, 71.3% lived in metropolitan areas and 90.3% spoke English as their first language. The commonest cancer diagnoses were breast (36.6%), genitourinary (18.6%) and gastrointestinal (18.3%); 59.2% had localized disease and 56.0% were receiving anti-cancer therapy. Most participants (79.7%) had at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose. Vaccine uptake was higher in people who were older, male, metropolitan, spoke English as a first language and had a cancer diagnosis for more than six months. Vaccine hesitancy was higher in people who were younger, female, spoke English as a non-dominant language and lived in a regional location, and lower in people with genitourinary cancer. Vaccinated respondents were more concerned about being infected with COVID-19 and less concerned about vaccine safety and efficacy. Conclusions: People with cancer have concerns about acquiring COVID-19, which they balance against vaccine-related concerns about the potential impact on their disease progress and/or treatment. Detailed exploration of concerns in cancer patients provides valuable insights, both for discussions with individual patients and public health messaging for this vulnerable population.
Incidence of Hospitalisation and Emergency Department Visits for Pneumococcal Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Adults in Liguria, Italy: A Retrospective Analysis from 2012–2018
Authors: Astengo Matteo , Paganino Chiara , Amicizia Daniela , Sticchi Laura , Orsi Andrea , Icardi Giancarlo , Piazza Maria Francesca , Mohanty Salini , Senese Francesca , Prandi Gian Marco , Ansaldi Filippo
Published: August 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in young children and older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hospitalisation and emergency department (ED) visits in relation to episodes of pneumococcal disease (PD) following the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) into the Liguria region of Italy. Between 2012 and 2018, episodes of all-cause pneumonia (80,152), pneumococcal-specific pneumonia (1254), unspecified pneumonia (66,293), acute otitis media (AOM; 17,040), and invasive PD (IPD; 1788) were identified from in-patient claims, ED and hospital discharge records, and the Liguria Chronic Condition Data Warehouse. In children < 15 years of age, pneumococcal pneumonia-related hospitalisations decreased from 35 to 13 per 100,000 person-years during the study period (p < 0.001); this decrease is potentially related to PCV use in children. All-cause pneumonia hospitalisations remained stable, whereas IPD hospitalisations increased and AOM hospitalisations decreased. In adults, hospitalisations for all-cause pneumonia increased from 5.00 to 7.50 per 1000 person-years (+50%; p < 0.001). Pneumococcal and unspecified pneumonia hospital admissions increased significantly during the study period, considerably affecting those ≥ 65 years of age. IPD hospitalisations varied across all age groups, but a significant change was not observed. Despite pneumococcal vaccination, substantial burden remains for PD in children and adults in Liguria, Italy.
Comparison of the Calibrated Objective Functions for Low Flow Simulation in a Semi-Arid Catchment
Authors: Yang Xue , Yu Chengxi , Li Xiaoli , Luo Jungang , Xie Jiancang , Zhou Bin
Published: August 2022

Low flow simulation by hydrological models is a common solution in water research and application. However, knowledge about the influence of the objective functions is limited in relatively arid regions. This study aims to increase insight into the difference between the calibrated objective functions by evaluating eight objectives in three different classes (single objectives: KGE(log(Q)) and KGE(1/Q); multi objectives: KGE(Q)+KGE(log(Q)), KGE(Q)+KGE(1/Q), KGE(Qsort)+KGE(log(Qsort)) and KGE(Qsort)+KGE(1/Qsort); Split objectives: split KGE(Q) and split (KGE(Q)+KGE(1/Q))) in Bahe, a semi-arid basin in China. The calibrated model is Xin An Jiang, and the evaluation is repeated under varied climates. The results show a clear difference between objective functions for low flows, and the mean of KGE and logarithmic transformed-based KGE in time series (KGE(Q)+KGE(log(Q))) presents the best compromise between the estimation for low flows and general simulation. In addition, the applications of the inverse transformed-based KGE (KGE(1/Q)) and the Flow Duration Curve-based series (Qsort) in objectives are not suggested.
Experiments on the Drag and Lift Coefficients of a Spinning Sphere
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Zhang Genguang , Xu Xiaoyang
Published: August 2022

The drag and lift coefficients are important parameters that affect the particle motion in a viscous fluid. In the present study, the drag and lift coefficients of a spinning sphere in a water tank were studied experimentally using a high-speed camera. To this end, 22 cases were studied to cover a wide range of dimensionless angular speeds (0.149 < Rr < 3.471) and Reynolds numbers (610 < Re < 3472). Based on the present experimental data and the results obtained from the literature, expressions were developed to calculate the lift and drag coefficients. The performed analyses on lift coefficient show that there is a critical Reynolds number (Rec) at each dimensionless angular speed. When 0 < Re < Rec, the lift coefficient decreases with increasing the Reynolds number, while it is constant when Rec < Re< 3500. The constant lift coefficient corresponding to different spin speeds was defined as the limit value of the lift coefficient. It is found that when 1 < Rr < 12, the limit value of the lift coefficient is 0.37, while the limit value of the lift coefficient increases with increasing dimensionless angular speed at 0 < Rr < 1. It is found that the spin increases the drag coefficient of a spinning sphere only when 0 < Rr < 10. Moreover, the performed analyses show that the drag coefficient of a spinning sphere is less than that of a non-spinning sphere when 10 < Rr < 25. Furthermore, the lift-to-drag ratio of a spinning sphere is discussed in this article.
High-Precision Calculation of the Proportions of Water with δ2H and δ18O, the Cumulative Effect of Evaporation in the Vertical Direction and Depleted δ2H and δ18O of the Shallow Soil Water Caused by Evaporation
Authors: Zeng Zhenyu , Zhang Xiang , Pan Guoyan , Xiao Yang
Published: August 2022

Exploring the water sources taken up by plants is necessary for ecological protection. The purpose of this study was to determine the exact proportions of different water sources absorbed by herbaceous plant species in the wetland of Poyang Lake in an inland humid region. This identified the water sources patterns in wetlands and provide Poyang Lake managers information about the lake water level needed to sustain vegetative life. We analysed the deuterium isotope composition (δ2H) and oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) values in the stem water of dominant herbaceous plant during its different growth stages to explore the proportions of water sources in different growth stages by using the Phillips equation, and the results supported the accuracy. The results indicate that the groundwater should not be lower than 0.13 m, otherwise the Carex cinerascens may not be able to absorb it. In previous studies, the lower slopes and intercepts of δ2H–δ18O were attributed to the secondary evaporation under the cloud, but we found that there is a cumulative evaporation effect in rainwater, soil water, and groundwater, which makes the slopes and the intercepts of δ2H–δ18O relationship lines become lower from top to bottom. In this study, the final effect of evaporation on the δ2H and δ18O values of shallow soil water is depleting the δ2H and δ18O values of shallow soil water, which is different from previous studies. The δ2H and δ18O values of groundwater varied little with changes of seasons and rainfalls. The δ2H–δ18O relationship lines established by various substances can also reflect the regulation of d-excess by large lakes through secondary sources.
Understanding the Effect of Hydro-Climatological Parameters on Dam Seepage Using Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP): A Case Study of Earth-Fill Tarbela Dam, Pakistan
Authors: Ishfaque Muhammad , Salman Saad , Jadoon Khan Zaib , Danish Abid Ali Khan , Bangash Kifayat Ullah , Qianwei Dai
Published: August 2022

For better stability, safety and water resource management in a dam, it is important to evaluate the amount of seepage from the dam body. This research is focused on machine learning approach to predict the amount of seepage from Pakistan’s Earth and rock fill Tarbela Dam during 2003 to 2015. The data of temperature, rainfall, water inflow, sediment inflow, reservoir level collected during 2003 to 2015 served as input while the seepage from dam during this period was the output. Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and CatBoost (CB), have been used to model the input-output relationship. The algorithms used to predict the dam seepage reported a high R2 scores between actual and predicted values of average seepage, suggesting their reliability in predicting the seepage in the Tarbela Dam. Moreover, the CatBoost algorithm outperformed, by achieving an R2 score of 0.978 in training, 0.805 in validation, and 0.773 in testing phase. Similarly, RMSE was 0.025 in training, 0.076 in validation, and 0.111 in testing phase. Furthermore, to understand the sensitivity of each parameter on the output (average seepage), Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP), a model explanation algorithm, was used to understand the affect of each parameter on the output. A comparison of SHAP used for all the machine learning models is also presented. According to SHAP summary plots, reservoir level was reported as the most significant parameter, affecting the average seepage in Tarbela Dam. Moreover, a direct relationship was observed between reservoir level and average seepage. It was concluded that the machine learning models are reliable in predicting and understanding the dam seepage in the Tarbela Dam. These Machine Learning models address the limitations of humans in data collecting and analysis which is highly prone to errors, hence arriving at misleading information that can lead to dam failure.
Characteristics of the public health system of the Orenburg Region
Authors:   FSBEI HE Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Grigorieva L. K. , Kuzmin S. A. ,   FSBEI HE Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: August 2022

Human health is a kind of mirror of the socio‑economic and cultural development of society. Health indicators today are sad, with a steady increase in morbidity, especially among the younger generation. The importance of strengthening and maintaining health is so great that this issue has become one of the main state tasks and is reflected in many documents, such as the Priority National Project «Health», the Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, as well as other legislative acts. According to Federal Law No.323 «On the Basics of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation», there are three healthcare systems in Russia: state, municipal and private. On the territory of the Orenburg Region, since January 01, 2013, powers in the field of healthcare are the exclusive competence of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The state authorities of the constituent entity create conditions for the development of all healthcare systems and, together with local governments, officials of organizations, are responsible within their powers for ensuring guarantees in the field of protecting the health of the population of the Orenburg Region, established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The system of health protection of citizens of the Orenburg Region is predominantly of state nature. Since January 01, 2013, powers in the field of healthcare are the exclusive competence of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. As a result of the optimization carried out in medical institutions of the Orenburg Region, the number of hospitals decreased by 5.75 %, dispensaries by 8.33 %, and ambulance stations by 2.44 %. At the same time, the number of outpatient clinics increased by 4.09 %. Outpatient organizations have taken on the burden of providing medical care to the population. To improve the health of citizens, increase the life expectancy of the population, reduce the death rate, and increase the birth rate, it is necessary to make managerial decisions at the level of the legislative and executive authorities.
Imposition of bypass enteroenteroanastomosis with disconnection of the small intestine loop with an enterovaginal fistula. A clinical case description
Authors:   SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Russia, Rodoman G. V. ,   FSAEI HE N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Vinogradov Yu. A. ,   SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Russia; FSAEI HE N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Naumov E. K. ,   SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Russia; FSAEI HE N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow
Published: August 2022

Тhis article describes a clinical case and applied surgical tactics for entero-vaginal fistula in an older age group patient with comorbid pathology. A compromise surgical intervention with the disconnection of the loop of the small intestine carrying the entero-vaginal fistula without its excision is proposed.
Target therapy for venous thrombosis: experimental extravagance or tangible future?
Authors:   FSBEI HE North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, St-Petersburg, Russia, Porembskaya О. Ya. ,   FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, St-Petersburg, Russia, Starikova E. A. ,   FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, St-Petersburg, Russia; Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Lobastov К. V. ,   FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia, Mammedova D. T. ,   FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, St-Petersburg, Russia, Laberko Laberko ,   FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; SBHI City Clinical Hospital No. 24, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia, Kravchuk V. N. ,   FSBEI HE North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, St-Petersburg, Russia, Saiganov S. А. ,   FSBEI HE North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, St-Petersburg, Russia
Published: August 2022

Anticoagulant therapy is considered to be a treatment and prophylaxis standard for venous thrombosis (VT). Despite the high efficacy and safety of modern anticoagulants, bleeding as the side effect remains a prominent unresolved problem that can limit their use. As interrelation between immune system and coagulation is the basis of immunothrombosis, immunosuppression could be considered an alternative in the target therapy for venous thrombosis. Endothelial activation due to the blood stasis and vein wall hypoxia together with proinflammatory mediators promote essential conditions for venous thrombosis. The key points of this process are also the platelets and leukocytes activation and neutrophil extracellular traps secretion. Inhibition of intercellular interactions by the adhesion and signal molecules deletion (P-selectins, galectins, HMGB1) can fully prevent thrombosis or significantly reduce the thrombus. The same effect is observed when platelets function is suppressed by GPIbα transformation, CLEC-2 deletion or von Willebrand factor deficiency. Neutropenia contributes to a change in the thrombus structure and density, and less often prevents its formation. In addition, one of the options for the VT prevention in the experiment is the introduction of resorption mediators, which are secreted by effector cells in the process of thrombosis resolution. Target therapy appears to be a promising method based on key links in the VT pathogenesis, which may allow avoiding typical complications of anticoagulant therapy.
A clinical case of intraoperative tracheal injury during endoscopic transaxillary hemithyroidectomy
Authors:   Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Glushkov P. S. , Azimov R. Kh. ,   Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shemyatovskiy K. A. ,   Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gorskiy V. A. ,   N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Published: August 2022

Тhis article describes a clinical case of a rare complication during transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy. The causes of intraoperative tracheal perforation, the patient management tactics, as well as the measures to prevent this complication, are analyzed on a specific example.
Electrodeposition of AuPt Alloy Nanostructures on a Biotemplate with Hierarchically Assembled M13 Virus Film Used for Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Manivannan Shanmugam , Seo Yeji , Kim Kyuwon
Published: August 2022

Herein, we report an electrode surface with a hierarchical assembly of wild-type M13 virus nanofibers (M13) to nucleate the AuPt alloy nanostructures by electrodeposition. M13 was pulled on the electrode surface to produce a virus film, and then a layer of sol–gel matrix (SSG) was wrapped over the surface to protect the film, thereby a bio-template was constructed. Blending of metal binding domains of M13 and amine groups of the SSG of the bio-template were effectively nucleate and directed the growth of nanostructures (NSs) such as Au, Pt and AuPt alloy onto the modified electrode surface by electrodeposition. An electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode toward methanol oxidation in alkaline medium was investigated and found an enhanced mass activity (534 mA/mgPt) relative to its controlled experiments. This bio-templated growth of NSs with precise composition could expedite the intention of new alloy materials with tuneable properties and will have efficacy in green energy, catalytic, and energy storage applications.
El legado de Pablo Ferro con relación a los títulos de créditos en el cine de Hollywood
Authors: Cruz Oña Ariel Omar , Barzola Jaya Daniel Washington
Published: August 2022

La función de los títulos de créditos en los inicios del cine, es variada, debido a que poseen una finalidad informativa. El objetivo de estudio es analizar la evolución de los títulos de créditos en el cine, a través de la selección y comparación del trabajo de PABLO FERRO. El estudio investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y un paradigma interpretativo con un método hermenéutico de validación y crítico, que permita descomponer, describir, y valorar las técnicas utilizadas y los resultados de las piezas audiovisuales (Títulos de créditos iniciales). Finalmente, el 89% de la población encuestada mostro interés y estuvo a favor del desarrollo de un producto audiovisual infográfico que les permita conocer sobre el legado del cubano en la industria cinematográfica y audiovisual. Pese al desconocimiento del legado de Pablo Ferro de acuerdo al sondeo realizado tendría buen recibimiento el desarrollo de un producto audiovisual infográfico sobre el legado de Ferro en la industria cinematográfica.
Modelo de atención de enfermería para prevenir las infecciones respiratorias bajas en pacientes intubados
Authors: Torrico Cuestas Roxana
Published: August 2022

Las infecciones respiratorias bajas asociadas a la ventilación mecánica invasiva, son complicaciones de la asistencia hospitalaria, es una de las urgencias más frecuentes con una elevada morbimortalidad y costo, independientemente de los avances tecnológicos y terapéuticos. De ahí la importancia de la investigación que identificó el estado actual de la atención de enfermería al paciente intubado con ventilación mecánica invasiva. En ese contexto, el objetivo del trabajo de investigación fue para prevenir las infecciones respiratorias bajas en pacientes intubados con asistencia ventilatoria mecánica invasiva en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Adulto. Los métodos que se emplearon: análisis-síntesis, históricológico, inducción- deducción, modelación, método dialéctico, sistémico-estructural, holístico- holográfico, funcional; método empírico encuesta, observación sistemática, revisión documental. El universo estuvo comprendido por 308 pacientes; la muestra fue de 108 pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Adulto y 10 licenciadas en enfermería. Los resultados, existe una dicotomía entre la encuesta y la guía de observación sistemática debido a los siguientes análisis; realiza la higiene bucal a los pacientes intubados encuesta 60% cada 6 horas, observación sistémica 30% cada 6 horas. Se concluye que con la elaboración de un Modelo de Atención de Enfermería para los pacientes intubados con infecciones respiratorias bajas asociadas a la ventilación mecánica invasiva se logrará prevenir y mejorar la atención.
Recolección de residuos domiciliarios y hábitos de higiene al manipularlos durante la pandemia por el Covid-19
Authors: Yovera Saldarriaga José , Cruz Nieto Dante Daniel , More López Jesús Manuel , Sotelo Montes Javier Enrrique , Tarazona Minaya Aldo Dante
Published: August 2022

La optimización de la recolección de los residuos domiciliarios y los hábitos de salud previenen infecciones y enfermedades del Covid-19; por lo que, el recojo de los residuos permite reducir hospederos de moscas que son vectores de enfermedades. Por este motivo, se realizó la investigación sobre la recolección de residuos domiciliarios y hábitos de higiene al manipularlos durante la pandemia. El objetivo fue determinar la eficiencia del servicio de recolección de residuos e higiene al manipular los residuos. La metodología se basa en la investigación descriptiva, por lo que se usó instrumentos de cuestionarios sobre qué opinión tiene sobre el plan de recojo de residuos, cuál es su opinión sobre el plan de recojo de residuo y hace el lavado de manos constantemente al manipular los residuos. Los resultados determinaron que diciembre destacó que se debe mejorar el recojo de residuos con 19 %, sacan sus residuos a la hora del recojo con 91 %, está de acuerdo con la gestión municipal sobre el recojo de residuos con 88 y en hábitos de salud hace el lavado de mano con 82 % y uso de alcohol con 12 %. Se concluye que el recojo de residuos fue eficiente para tener un ambiente saludable; sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta el lavado de manos. Por lo tanto, estas actitudes de higiene prevendrán enfermarse.