bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of fiber-matrix debonding in single fiber pull-out tests
Authors: Hoppe Lukas
Published: December 2020

The present work deals with the numerical crack simulation of fiber-matrix debonding in single fiber pull-out tests. For this purpose, two models are used: a finite element model (FE model) with the cohesive zone approach and a peridynamic model. For calibration a reference experiment is applied. In addition analytical equations are used for reference values. The influence of the model parameters and the material parameters of the cohesive zone model on the force-displacement curve is investigated. Besides the free fiber length, the critical interface strength, the critical energy release rate as well as the initial interface stiffness have a great influence on the force-displacement curve of the pull-out test. From the crack simulation it can be seen that Mode I has an influence on the crack initiation, but further crack growth after initiation is dominated by Mode II. The FE model can be calibrated in a way that the crack initiation point and the maximum force correspond to the reference experiment. The peridynamic model depicts a comparable crack formation process.
Ensino de química baseado no contexto: o que dizem os professores em formação?
Authors: Janerine Aline de Souza , Quadros Ana Luiza de
Published: December 2020

A convergência das discussões em torno da formação de professores nos levou a repensar essa formação. Envolvemos um conjunto de professores de Química em formação em um projeto de imersão na docência, tendo um material didático temático como apoio. Uma sequência de aulas de oito professores em formação foi acompanhada por nós, gravadas em vídeo e analisadas. Realizamos uma entrevista semiestruturada, ao final da vivência, que foi analisada neste trabalho, com o objetivo de identificar tanto a percepção dos participantes em relação a “Ensinar Química” a partir de temas do contexto social, quanto a importância dada a um material didático temático no apoio às aulas. Observamos entendimentos importantes relacionando os saberes teóricos com a experiência vivenciada e a necessidade de dinamizar a produção de materiais didáticos que facilitem a organização do ensino a partir do contexto.
La iniciación científica júnior y los conocimientos procedimentales en ciencias
Authors: Silva Holpert Laura Nívea Rosa , Zompero Andréia de Freitas
Published: December 2020

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar indicios de aprendizaje de procedimientos del tipo investigativo en ciencias, de alumnos que participaron de la iniciación científica júnior. Entre dichos procedimientos investigados fueron analizados la identificación del problema, la emisión de hipótesis y el planeamiento de la investigación. La pesquisa es de naturaleza cualitativa con abordaje descriptivo. Participaron seis alumnos del 2º año del Curso Técnico en Agrimensura Integrado a la Enseñanza Media. Como instrumento de recolección de datos fueron aplicadas, en el transcurso de la ejecución del proyecto de iniciación científica júnior, tres actividades individuales del tipo situación problema. Estas tuvieron el objetivo de identificar la comprensión de un problema, la emisión de hipótesis y planeamiento de la investigación. Para el análisis de los datos obtenidos, utilizamos un instrumento para evaluar los niveles de habilidades investigativas presentadas por los alumnos en el transcurso del proyecto de iniciación científica júnior. Al comparar el desempeño de los alumnos en la resolución de las situaciones problema, fue posible percibir que los estudiantes tuvieron mejor resultado en el aprendizaje de las ciencias mediante la planeación de una investigación.
The Association of Cervical Length, Bacterial Vaginosis, Urinary Tract Infection and Premature Rupture of Membranes to The Imminent Preterm Labour
Authors: Prajarto Hariyo Wirastomo , Pramono Besari Adi
Published: December 2020

Background: Research conducted at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Dr. Kariadi Semarang in 2013 stated that out of 1,719 deliveries, 82 (5%) were preterm labor cases. Although there are many predictors for predicting imminent preterm labour, the complete prediction and prevention have not been established. Prevention of preterm labor through screening is the key to antenatal care. Good early prediction on a premature labor will provide adequate antenatal surveillance and special interventions.Objective: to analyze the relationship between cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and premature rupture of membranes with the incidence of preterm labor.Methods: It is an observational analytic study in the form of the design of cross sectional with subject of pregnant women who experienced imminent preterm labour at gestational age 28-34 weeks and were treated at the ward of Obstetrics Gynecology Hospital Dr. Kariadi Semarang and network hospital during the study period (n=112). Subjects were assessed for the clinical risk (BV, premature rupture of the membrane, urinary tract infection) and sonography (cervical length). Statistical analysis was performed with paired t-test for normally distributed data and Mann Whitney if otherwise. Analysis of the relationship between variables and the incidence of preterm labor was carried out by the X 2 testResults: From 112 subjects, it was found that the Prevalence Ratio (PR) for cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes to the incidence of imminent preterm labor was 2.2;2.32;1.99 and 2.36 respectively. From the multivariate analysis, it was found that bacterial vaginosis and premature rupture of membranes were the most influencing factors for the incidence of imminent premature labor with Odd Ratios of 6.497 and 21.362, respectively.Conclusion: There is a relationship between cervical length (≤25 mm ), bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes in the incidence of preterm labor.
Correlation of Obesity Status with Zinc Serum Levels and Insulin Resistance in Perimenopause Obese Women
Authors: Listya Heidi , Sulchan Muhammad , Murbawani Etisa Adi , Puruhita Niken , Sukmadianti Amalia
Published: December 2020

Background : Obesity is one of the global health problems. The prevalence of obesity in women is higher than men. Various metabolic problems are caused by obesity, such as insulin resistance and deficiency of micronutrients such as zinc. The occurrence of insulin resistance in obesity is also influenced by zinc deficiency.Objectives : To analyse the correlation of obesity status with serum zinc levels and insulin resistance in perimenopause obese women.Methods : Correlational research with 62 perimenopause obese women subject aged  40-50 years old who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum zinc levels were measurement using AAS and insulin resistance using HOMA IR formula.  Serum zinc levels, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose taken from venous blood. Hypothesis testing uses Pearson correlation.Results : 12.9% had low serum zinc levels and high HOMA IR 9.09%. There was a significant negative correlation between BMI with serum zinc levels   (r = -0.402; p = 0.001) and significant positive correlation between BMI   with insulin resistance (r = 0.396; p = 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between WC with serum zinc levels    (r = -0.18 , p = 0.161) and significant positive correlation between WC with insulin resistance ( r =0.284  , p =0.025  ). and significant negative correlation between serum zinc levels with insulin resistance (r = -0.404; p = 0.001).Conclusion : There is a correlation between obesity status with serum zinc levels  and correlation between obesity status with insulin resistance  in perimenopause obese women.
Correlation Between Level of Depression and Risk of Suicide in Elderly at Purwodadi, Grobogan
Authors: Hadi Rilla Fiftina , Hadiati Titis , Wardani Natalia Dewi
Published: December 2020

Background: According to WHO, the elderly people have physical and mental challenges, including depression. The incidence of depression lead to suicide on elderly is about 12.7%. In Grobogan Regency, Purwodadi, Central Java, there has been an increase of depression in the last 5 years. Purwodadi Subdistrict depends on the number of orders with the highest number of traffic cases and the elderly.Objective: To determine the correlation between depression level and the risk of suicide.Methods: This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design in which all respondents were observed and variables were measured at one time. Samples were taken from elderly outpatient of primary health care and Posyandu lansia at Purwodadi, who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias. Research samples were selected based on nonprobability sampling method through purposive sampling. This research used the Indonesian version of the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) and CSSRS (Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of elderly depression is 63.3%, and a significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide (p <0.05)Conclusion: significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide.
Pemanfaatan Buku Teks Elektronik di Perpustakaan Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Maryatun Maryatun
Published: December 2020

Berkembangnya teknologi dan informasi memberi dampak terhadap layanan informasi perpustakaan salah satunya trend penyediaan buku teks elektronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan buku teks elektronik di Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Gadjah Mada. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 100 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive. Kriteria sampel adalah mahasiswa S1 yang pernah menggunakan buku teks elektronik dan masih berstatus aktif sebagai mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan buku teks elektronik yang dilanggan telah dimanfaatkan oleh mahasiswa meskipun belum optimal disebabkan karena penggunaan buku teks elektronik masih dalam masa transisi dari buku teks cetak ke buku teks elektronik yang baru dilanggan selama satu semester. Sebagian besar mahasiswa menggunakan buku teks elektronik untuk kuliah. Buku teks diakses melalui laptop, dan sebagian besar mahasiswa masih memerlukan petunjuk cara membuat catatan, highlight, dan berbagi dengan teman. Namun demikian, sebagian besar mahasiswa masih merasa lebih nyaman membaca buku teks cetak dari pada buku teks elektronik. Pemanfaatan buku teks elektronik bagi mahasiswa merupakan pengalaman positif dalam kegiatan belajar dan mahasiswa setuju apabila buku teks elektronik untuk tetap dilanggan oleh fakultas. Beberapa upaya yang perlu dilakukan oleh perpustakaan untuk meningkatkan pemanfaatan buku teks elektronik antara lain, memberikan layanan bimbingan pemanfaatan secara berkala, melakukan sosialisasi melalui media sosial, memberikan reward kepada pengguna aktif, serta menobatkan salah satu mahasiswa berprestasi sebagai duta baca sumber materi elektronik. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi perpustakaan lain yang sedang mengembangkan koleksi buku teks elektronik maupun koleksi digital lain bagi pemustakanya.
Pengelolaan Institutional Repository Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Berdasarkan Model Open Archival Information System (OAIS)
Authors: Ahwan Muh Ahlis
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tata kelola Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga dengan menggunakan model Open Archival Information System (OAIS), sebuah model pengarsipan dari Consultative Committee for Space Data System (CCSDS) yang telah diakui International Standart Organization (ISO) sebagai standar internasional 14.721 yang dapat digunakan untuk perpustakaan digital yang menekankan pada fungsi preservasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan meninjau beberapa document terkait. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis melalui proses reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi serta penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi dan member check. Hasil analisis menunjukan pengelolaan Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta memenuhi komponen model OAIS; mulai dari lingkungan luar sistem, lingkungan dalam sistem, hingga kemasan informasi dan objek. Beberapa unsur masih perlu dilengkapi, misalnya variasi koleksi, pemantauan terhadap anggota, pengembangan desain kemasan, rencana migrasi, serta negosiasi kesepakatan/perjanjian penyerahan materi. Serta beberapa unsur lain yang perlu dilengkapi agar model OAIS dapat menjadi standar yang ideal bagi tata kelola Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, dan dapat menjadi acuan bagi institutional repository lain yang ingin mengembangkan tata kelola perpustakaan digital yang menekankan preservasi data.
Literasi Media Sosial pada Pustakawan Perguruan Tinggi Negeri
Authors: Putri Desiana Ekasari , Mutia Fitri
Published: December 2020

Media sosial merupakan salah satu perkembangan teknologi informasi yang menjadi primadona di masyarakat. Pustakawan diharapkan memiliki literasi media sosial agar dapat menggunakan dan mengelola informasi secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui literasi media sosial yang dimiliki oleh pustakawan, dengan menggunakan kerangka konseptual yang digagas oleh Vanwynsberghe dan Verdegem. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan total sampling atau sampling jenuh. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 56 orang, yang tersebar di enam perpustakaan perguruan tinggi negeri di Surabaya. Hasil analisis data  menunjukkan literasi media sosial yang dimiliki oleh mayoritas pustakawan perguruan tinggi negeri di Surabaya berada pada kategori tinggi (3,57), kemampuan ini meliputi kompetensi praktis dan kompetensi kognitif memperoleh skor masing-masing sebesar 3,66 sedangkan kompetensi afektif berada pada kategori sedang, dengan skor sebesar 3,39. Mayoritas pustakawan perguruan tinggi negeri di Surabaya menguasai cara pengoperasian media sosial melalui perangkat digital, mengidentifikasi, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi informasi di media sosial serta memandang media sosial sebagai media yang mampu memberikan dampak positif.
Validity and Reliability of Using Load-Velocity Relationship Profiles to Establish Back Squat 1 m·s‐1 Load
Authors: Elsworthy Nathan , Callaghan Dean E. , Scanlan Aaron T. , Kertesz Alex H.M. , Kean Crystal O. , Dascombe Benjamin J. , Guy Joshua H.
Published: December 2020

Elsworthy, N, Callaghan, DE, Scanlan, AT, Kertesz, AHM, Kean, CO, Dascombe, BJ, and Guy, JH. Validity and reliability of using load-velocity relationship profiles to establish back squat 1 m·s‐1 load. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 340–346, 2021—Although measuring movement velocity during resistance exercise is being increasingly used to monitor player readiness for competition in team sports, the validity and reliability of using set target velocities has not been examined. This study examined test-retest reliability of the load-velocity relationship during the back squat to predict loads corresponding to a mean velocity of 1 m·s−1 (V1Load), test-retest reliability of mean concentric velocity at V1Load, and criterion validity of mean concentric velocity at V1Load. Twenty-seven resistance-trained male rugby league players completed 2 testing sessions on separate days to establish individualized back squat load-velocity relationship profiles (30, 40, 60, and 80% estimated 1 repetition maximum). Velocity during the back squat was assessed at each load and V1Load derived using individualized linear regression equations. A subset of subjects (n = 18) also performed the back squat at predicted V1Load to examine the test-retest reliability and compare the mean concentric velocity with the predicted target of 1 m·s−1. The mean concentric velocity was consistent across all loads during load-velocity relationship testing (p > 0.05, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ≥0.75, coefficient of variation [CV] ≤5.7%, effect size [ES] ≤0.27), and for predicting V1Load (p = 0.11, ICC = 0.95, CV = 3.9%, ES = 0.11). The mean concentric velocity at V1Load was reliable (ICC = 0.77; CV = 2.6%; ES = 0.39) and not significantly different (p = 0.21) to the target velocity, supporting criterion validity. Individualized load-velocity profiles for the back squat can accurately predict V1Load, and subsequent use of V1Load to assess back squat velocity is valid and reliable. Using V1Load to assess changes in back squat velocity may have application in measuring changes in strength and power or readiness to train.
Perceptual and Neuromuscular Responses Adapt Similarly Between High-Load Resistance Training and Low-Load Resistance Training With Blood Flow Restriction
Authors: Teixeira Emerson Luiz , Painelli Vitor de Salles , Schoenfeld Brad Jon , Silva-Batista Carla , Longo Ariel Roberth , Aihara André Yui , Cardoso Fabiano Nassar , Peres Bergson de Almeida , Tricoli Valmor
Published: December 2020

Teixeira, EL, Painelli, VdS, Schoenfeld, BJ, Silva-Batista, C, Longo, AR, Aihara, AY, Cardoso, FN, Peres, BdA, and Tricoli, V. Perceptual and neuromuscular responses adapt similarly between high-load resistance training and low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2410–2416, 2022—This study compared the effects of 8 weeks of low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction (LL-BFR) and high-load resistance training (HL-RT) on perceptual responses (rating of perceived exertion [RPE] and pain), quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA), and muscle strength (1 repetition maximum [RM]). Sixteen physically active men trained twice per week, for 8 weeks. One leg performed LL-BFR (3 sets of 15 repetitions, 20% 1RM), whereas the contralateral leg performed HL-RT (3 sets of 8 repetitions, 70% 1RM). Rating of perceived exertion and pain were evaluated immediately after the first and last training sessions, whereas QCSA and 1RM were assessed at baseline and after training. Rating of perceived exertion was significantly lower (6.8 ± 1.1 vs. 8.1 ± 0.8, p = 0.001) and pain significantly higher (7.1 ± 1.2 vs. 5.8 ± 1.8, p = 0.02) for LL-BFR than that for HL-RT before training. Significant reductions in RPE and pain were shown for both protocols after training (both p < 0.0001), although no between-protocol differences were shown in absolute changes (p = 0.10 and p = 0.48, respectively). Both LL-BFR and HL-RT were similarly effective in increasing QCSA (7.0 ± 3.8% and 6.3 ± 4.1%, respectively; both p < 0.0001) and 1RM (6.9 ± 4.1% and 13.7 ± 5.9%, respectively; both P < 0.0001), although absolute changes for 1RM in HL-RT were greater than LL-BFR (p = 0.001). In conclusion, LL-BFR produces lower RPE values and a higher pain perception than HL-RT. However, consistent application of these approaches result in chronic adaptations so that there are no differences in perceptual responses over the course of time. In addition, muscle strength is optimized with HL-RT despite similar increases in muscle hypertrophy between conditions.
The Effects of Load Magnitude and Carry Position on Lumbopelvic-Hip Complex and Scapular Stabilizer Muscle Activation During Unilateral Dumbbell Carries
Authors: Bordelon Nicole M. , Wasserberger Kyle W. , Cassidy Molly M. , Oliver Gretchen D.
Published: December 2020

Bordelon, NM, Wasserberger, KW, Cassidy, MM, and Oliver, GD. The effects of load magnitude and carry position on lumbopelvic-hip complex and scapular stabilizer muscle activation during unilateral dumbbell carries. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S114–S119, 2021—The primary aims of the study were to (a) quantify the effect of load magnitude on lumbopelvic-hip complex (LPHC) and scapular muscle activation and (b) quantify the effect of different carry positions on bilateral glutei medii (GM) and external oblique (EO) activation during unilateral dumbbell carries. Eighteen resistance-trained individuals (22.6 ± 2.6 years) completed 3 trials of 3 carry positions (overhead, front-racked, and suitcase) with 3 load conditions (light, moderate, and heavy) across a twelve-meter distance with the dumbbell held on the subject's dominant side. Electromyographic data were collected on the dominant upper (UT) and lower trapezius (LT), latissimus dorsi (LD), and serratus anterior (SA) as well as bilateral GM and EO. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant load by muscle interaction [F
(14, 81.931) = 15.474; p < 0.001;

= 0.477]. Follow-up pairwise comparisons revealed increased muscle activation with increased load across most muscles. There was also a significant muscle by position interaction for bilateral GM and EO [GM: F
(1.157, 19.662) = 20.240; p < 0.001;

= 0.544] [EO: F
(1.302, 22.129) = 25.620; p < 0.001;

= 0.601]. Post-hoc analysis revealed bilateral differences in muscle activation for the GM in the suitcase position and for the EO in the overhead and suitcase position, where the nondominant side showed significantly greater activation (all p < 0.039). These findings suggest unilateral carries may be used to target LPHC and scapular muscle activation; however, load and carry position should be considered because variations affect muscle activation.
Does the Muscle Action Duration Induce Different Regional Muscle Hypertrophy in Matched Resistance Training Protocols?
Authors: Diniz Rodrigo C. R. , Tourino Frank Douglas , Lacerda Lucas T. , Martins-Costa Hugo C. , Lanza Marcel Bahia , Lima Fernando Vitor , Chagas Mauro Heleno
Published: December 2020

Diniz, RCR, Tourino, FD, Lacerda, LT, Martins-Costa, HC, Lanza, MB, Lima, FV, and Chagas, MH. Does the muscle action duration induce different regional muscle hypertrophy in matched resistance training protocols? J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2371–2380, 2022—The manipulation of the muscle action duration (MAD) can influence the instantaneous torque along the range of motion, which can lead to adaptations of regional muscle hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of matched resistance training (RT) on the knee extension machine with different MAD in the cross-sectional area (CSA) responses within the quadriceps femoris (QF) and its muscles. Forty-four subjects were allocated into a control and 3 experimental groups. For a period of 10 weeks, subjects in the experimental groups performed the training protocols that were different only by the MAD: group 5c1e (5s concentric action [CON] and 1s eccentric action [ECC]; group 3c3e (3s CON and 3s ECC) and group 1c5e (1s CON and 5s ECC). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed (before and after the intervention) to determine the relative change (%) in CSA of the QF muscles along proximal (30%), middle (50%), and distal regions (70% distal of the femur). The change in CSA of the rectus femoris at the middle region are greater in 5c1e (6.8 ± 6.5%) and 1c5e (7.4 ± 6.0%) groups than 3c3e (3.4 ± 6.6%) and control groups (0.2 ± 1.8%). In addition, vastus lateralis at the distal region (5c1e = 15.9 ± 11.8%; 1c5e = 14.4 ± 10.0%) presenting greater increases in change of CSA than the others vastus only 5c1e (vastus lateralis [VI] = 5.0 ± 4.7%; vastus medialis [VM] = 4.2 ± 3.2%) and 1c5e groups (VI = 4.7 ± 3.6%; VM = 3.4 ± 3.1%). In conclusion, this study showed that matched RT protocols with different MAD resulted in different region-specific muscle hypertrophic across the individual muscles of QF.
Traditional Free-Weight Vs. Variable Resistance Training Applied to Elite Young Soccer Players During a Short Preseason: Effects on Strength, Speed, and Power Performance
Authors: Loturco Irineu , Pereira Lucas A. , Reis Valter P. , Zanetti Vinicius , Bishop Chris , McGuigan Michael R.
Published: December 2020

Loturco, I, Pereira, LA, Reis, VP, Zanetti, V, Bishop, C, and Mcguigan, MR. Traditional free-weight vs. variable resistance training applied to elite young soccer players during a short preseason: Effects on strength, speed, and power performance. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3432–3439, 2022—Maximizing the neuromuscular capacities of players is a critical challenge during short soccer preseasons. This study compared the effects of 2 strength-power training regimes, on the strength, speed, and power performance of elite young soccer players during a 4-week preseason. Twenty-five under-20 players from the same club were pair matched in 2 training groups as follows: traditional training group (TTG) (n = 13), athletes performed half-squat (HS) and jump-squat (JS) exercises as traditionally prescribed, and elastic band (EB) group (EBG) (n = 12), athletes performed HS and JS with EB attached to the barbell. Vertical jump height, 20-m sprint velocity, change of direction (COD) speed, HS and JS power, and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the HS were assessed before, after 2-week, and after 4-week of training. A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to assess the effects of both training protocols over the experimental period. Both strategies were effective for significantly improving HS and JS power (effect sizes [ESs] = 1.00–1.77), HS 1RM (ES = 1.68 and 1.51 for TTG and EBG, respectively), vertical jumping ability (ES = 0.37–0.65), and COD speed (ES = 0.81 and 0.39 for TTG and EBG, respectively), when comparing premeasures and postmeasures. By contrast, both TTG and EBG failed to increase 20-m sprint velocity (ES ranging between −0.54 and 0.23). In conclusion, both training schemes were able to improve the strength and power performance but not the sprint capacity of young soccer players. To accelerate strength gains over very-short time periods (i.e., 2 weeks), variable resistance training may be advantageous. Conversely, to optimize power adaptations in ballistic exercises across a similar time period, traditional free-weight training may be preferred.
Resistance Training to Failure vs. Not to Failure: Acute and Delayed Markers of Mechanical, Neuromuscular, and Biochemical Fatigue
Authors: González-Hernández Jorge M. , García-Ramos Amador , Colomer-Poveda David , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Cerón José , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Márquez Gonzalo
Published: December 2020

González-Hernández, JM, García-Ramos, A, Colomer-Poveda, D, Tvarijonaviciute, A, Cerón, J, Jiménez-Reyes, P, and Márquez, G. Resistance training to failure vs. not to failure: acute and delayed markers of mechanical, neuromuscular, and biochemical fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 886–893, 2021—This study aimed to compare acute and delayed markers of mechanical, neuromuscular, and biochemical fatigue between resistance training sessions leading to or not to failure. Twelve resistance-trained men completed 2 sessions that consisted of 6 sets of the full-squat exercise performed against the 10 repetitions maximum load. In a randomized order, in one session the sets were performed to failure and in the other session the sets were not performed to failure (5 repetitions per set). Mechanical fatigue was quantified through the recording of the mean velocity during all repetitions. The neuromuscular function of the knee extensors was assessed through a maximal voluntary contraction and the twitch interpolation technique before training, immediately after each set, and 1, 24, and 48 hours post-training. Serum creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured before training and 1, 24, and 48 hours post-training to infer muscle damage. Alpha was set at a level of 0.05. A higher velocity loss between sets was observed during the failure protocol (−21.7%) compared with the nonfailure protocol (−3.5%). The markers of peripheral fatigue were generally higher and long lasting for the failure protocol. However, the central fatigue assessed by the voluntary activation was comparable for both protocols and remained depressed up to 48 hours post-training. The concentrations of CK and AST were higher after the failure protocol revealing higher muscle damage compared with the nonfailure protocol. These results support the nonfailure protocol to reduce peripheral fatigue and muscle damage, whereas the central fatigue does not seem to be affected by the set configuration.
Whole Egg Vs. Egg White Ingestion During 12 weeks of Resistance Training in Trained Young Males: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bagheri Reza , Hooshmand Moghadam Babak , Ashtary-Larky Damoon , Forbes Scott C. , Candow Darren G. , Galpin Andrew J. , Eskandari Mozhgan , Kreider Richard B. , Wong Alexei
Published: December 2020

Bagheri, R, Moghadam, BH, Ashtary-Larky, D, Forbes, SC, Candow, DG, Galpin, AJ, Eskandari, M, Kreider, RB, and Wong, A. Whole egg vs. egg white ingestion during 12 weeks of resistance training in trained young males: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 411–419, 2021—The primary purpose was to compare the effects of whole egg ingestion and egg white ingestion during 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on muscle cross-sectional area, body composition, muscular strength, and anaerobic power in resistance-trained young males. A secondary purpose was to examine systemic hormonal responses. Thirty resistance-trained young males were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: Whole eggs + RT (WER; n = 15) or egg whites + RT (ERT; n = 15). Whole eggs + RT ingested 3 whole eggs immediately following RT, whereas ERT ingested an isonitrogenous quantity consisting of 6 egg whites immediately following RT. Before and after 12 weeks of whole-body undulating periodized RT (3 sessions per week), knee extensor muscle mass and cross-sectional area (computed tomography), lean body mass and body fat percentage (bioelectrical impedance), muscular strength (knee extension, handgrip strength), Wingate (cycle ergometer), and serum concentrations of hormones were assessed. There was a significant group × time interaction for body fat percentage, serum testosterone, knee extension, and handgrip strength with greater improvements observed in WER. There was a significant main effect of time (p < 0.05) for knee extensor muscle mass, cross-sectional area, lean body mass, anaerobic power, and all other blood hormones. There was a trend (p = 0.06) in the WER group for having a greater change in lean body mass compared with that of ERT. Postexercise whole egg ingestion increases knee extension and handgrip strength, testosterone, and reduces body fat percentage compared with postexercise egg white ingestion, despite no group differences in muscle mass, in resistance-trained young males. Whole eggs consumption may be preferable during RT programs geared toward the improvement of muscular strength and body fat percentage.
Oat–buckwheat breads – technological quality, staling and sensory properties
Authors: Wronkowska M. , Jarmułowicz A. , Lamparski G. , Jeliński T. , Haros C.M.
Published: December 2020

The technological and sensory properties and the staling of breads made from oat flour (OF) and buckwheat flour (BF) were analysed. Significant differences in protein and ash content were found in the experimental breads due to significant differences in the composition of the BF and OF used. As the proportion of BF in the recipe increased, a deterioration in the technological properties of the dough and bread as well as an increase in the crumb hardness were observed. The presence of OF in the recipe increased the bread volume, significantly enhanced the lightness of the crust and crumb and improved the overall sensory quality. The OF used in the recipe decreased the starch retrogradation enthalpy value, which is strongly related to a delay in bread staling. The proposed bakery products can be attractive to consumers who are looking for new food products.
Adding value to under-utilised Irish fish roe: a physico-chemical and sensory comparison of cured Irish pollock (Pollachius pollachius) roe with commercial mullet (Mugil cephalus) and cod (Gadus morhua) products
Authors: Furey A.E. , Hoeche U. , Noci F.
Published: December 2020

Irish marine fish roe is generally discarded at sea or processed as low value-added fishmeal and not utilised as nutritious seafood ingredients. Locally sourced pollock roes were salted, air-dried (Mediterranean-style) and compared to similar commercial mullet and cod products for: weight; moisture content; pH; instrumental texture and colour; and sensory attributes. Raw pollock roes averaged 105 g (n = 25). Roes lost on average 3.1% moisture (w/w) after a 2-h salting period and 48.8% weight reduction was observed after an average 105 h air-drying time. The moisture content of pollock was not significantly different to commercial products. Average pH for pollock, mullet and cod products was 5.9, 5.4 and 5.7, respectively (P < 0.05). Pollock and mullet had similar hardness, but cod was significantly harder than both, when measured instrumentally. Total colour difference (∆E*) between the surface of pollock and cod, and that of pollock and mullet was 7.5 and 3.0, respectively. Sensory assessment of sliced and powdered products, using 9-point hedonic and 5-point just-about-right (JAR) scales, was conducted with 38 consumers. Pollock received the highest scores for overall liking and intention to purchase compared to commercial mullet and cod products, averaging 5.6, 5.6 and 4.9, respectively, for sliced roe products, and 6.3, 5.3 and 6.1 for powdered products. Penalty analysis of JAR showed “overall liking” was impacted by the flavour being “too fishy”. In conclusion, pollock had similar characteristics and acceptable sensory attributes compared to commercial products presenting opportunities to expand the range of value-added roe products (e.g., trout, salmon) available, while also contributing to waste reduction.
Correlates of Auditory Decision-Making in Prefrontal, Auditory, and Basal Lateral Amygdala Cortical Areas
Authors: Napoli Julia L. , Camalier Corrie R. , Brown Anna-Leigh , Jacobs Jessica , Mishkin Mortimer M. , Averbeck Bruno B.
Published: December 2020

Spatial selective listening and auditory choice underlie important processes including attending to a speaker at a cocktail party and knowing how (or whether) to respond. To examine task encoding and the relative timing of potential neural substrates underlying these behaviors, we developed a spatial selective detection paradigm for monkeys, and recorded activity in primary auditory cortex (AC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and the basolateral amygdala (BLA). A comparison of neural responses among these three areas showed that, as expected, AC encoded the side of the cue and target characteristics before dlPFC and BLA. Interestingly, AC also encoded the choice of the monkey before dlPFC and around the time of BLA. Generally, BLA showed weak responses to all task features except the choice. Decoding analyses suggested that errors followed from a failure to encode the target stimulus in both AC and dlPFC, but again, these differences arose earlier in AC. The similarities between AC and dlPFC responses were abolished during passive sensory stimulation with identical trial conditions, suggesting that the robust sensory encoding in dlPFC is contextually gated. Thus, counter to a strictly PFC-driven decision process, in this spatial selective listening task AC neural activity represents the sensory and decision information before dlPFC. Unlike in the visual domain, in this auditory task, the BLA does not appear to be robustly involved in selective spatial processing.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe examined neural correlates of an auditory spatial selective listening task by recording single-neuron activity in behaving monkeys from the amygdala, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and auditory cortex. We found that auditory cortex coded spatial cues and choice-related activity before dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or the amygdala. Auditory cortex also had robust delay period activity. Therefore, we found that auditory cortex could support the neural computations that underlie the behavioral processes in the task.
Confronting Devastation
Authors: Brasil André
Published: December 2020

Two recent films made by Guajajara people show how cinema allies with indigenous groups to confront the environmental destruction underway in Brazil. Guardians of the Forest follows a large group of young Guajajara, Awá-Guajá, Ka'apor, and Tupi-Guarani peoples assembled to resist the constant and increasing invasion of their lands by loggers and land grabbers (grileiros). Where Guardians makes the devastation visible on screen, depicting a growing concentration of forces on the verge of a violent outbreak, The History of Chants is dedicated to the mysteries of the preserved forest, experienced like the modulations of a chant, the paths of a dream, the breath of a shaman.
“A Few Years from Now” in Western Pernambuco
Authors: Guaraná Bruno
Published: December 2020

In this essay, Bruno Guaraná argues that Bacurau presents a cinematic intervention that is twofold: first, into global genre cinema, as it disrupts generic conventions of both the Western and the horror film and relocates the narrative to the margins; and second, into Brazilian cinema—in particular, regarding its depictions of the sertão, or hinterland. Guaraná calls attention to the role played by the film’s narrative and musical soundscape in engineering this audiovisual reeducation.
The Ambiguities of Bacurau
Authors: Ikeda Marcelo
Published: December 2020

Bacurau is the name of a city in Brazilian hinterland whose inhabitants fight to survive a foreign invasion. The struggle of native populations for the right to remain on their land is a common motif not only in the history of cinema, as in classic Westerns, but also in Brazilian culture and history, In this article, Ikeda proposes that Bacurau’s originality lies in how it seeks to establish a balance between genre film and political cinema, eschewing the commodified exotic spectacle of Sérgio Rezende’s The Battle of Canudos (1997) and Glauber Rocha’s radical political allegory in Black God, White Devil (1964), in order to offer a more complex commentary on the current Brazilian historical moment.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, ORGANIZATIONAL AMBIDEXTERITY, AND MANUFACTURING PERFORMANCE IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRY 4.0: A PROPOSED MODEL
Authors: Cheah Seng Cheong , Tan Cheng Ling
Published: December 2020

Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) is changing the landscape of global manufacturing. As a developing nation, Malaysia’s manufacturing sector is a leading contributor to the nation’s GDP but its growth is in declining mode recently. Facing competition from countries with lower labour cost, Malaysia needs alternative ways to achieve competitive advantage. Many of its manufacturers are new to IR4.0 and also cautious of investing in such technologies to increase its manufacturing performance. Realizing this, Malaysia’s government introduced a policy on IR4.0 by focusing on the people, process and technology. The goal is to increase the skill set of the existing workforce through knowledge enhancement and adoption of advance manufacturing technologies. However, high level of transformation is needed, collaboration with external parties is important, and internal business processes and operating models need to change too. Many of them are lack in slack resources to pursue both explorative and exploitative learning. Organizational ambidexterity, which is the ability of a firm to manage both of these activities is crucial for proper knowledge management and improving manufacturing performance. The objective of this paper is to examine such interconnection from the context of a developing country as information from extant literature is scarce, especially on the balanced approach to source, transfer and protect the knowledge for optimum gain in manufacturing performance. Three main activities of knowledge management will be examined namely external knowledge sourcing, knowledge mobility and knowledge protection. The inclusive of knowledge protection also narrow the literature gap as it tends to be left out in previous studies due to its conflicting nature with other knowledge management activities. All the hypotheses and resulted conceptual model will be grounded with theories of Resource-Based view (RBV), Knowledge-Based View (KBV), Dynamic Capabilities and OA.
SOSYAL AMAÇLI TRANSFER HARCAMALARININ GELİR DAĞILIMINA ETKİSİ: OECD ÜLKELERİNE YÖNELİK PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: POLAT Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada transfer ödemelerinin gelir dağılımına etkisi, 36 OECD ülkesinin 1996-2018 dönemi verileri kullanılarak, panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken olarak; GINI katsayısı, bağımsız değişken olarak hane halkına yönelik transfer ödemelerinin milli gelire oranı verileri kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca ekonomik büyüme oranı, nüfus artış hızı 2008 küresel ekonomik krizini temsil eden kukla değişken de analize dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmada yer verilen serilerin durağanlıkları LLC, IPS, Fisher ADF ve Fisher PP panel birim kök testleri ile sınanmış ve serilerin düzeyde durağan oldukları görülmüştür. Panel regresyon analizinde hangi yöntemin kullanılacağının belirlenmesine yönelik olarak Hausman (1978) testi yapılmıştır. Yapılan panel regresyon analizleri sonucunda; OECD ülkelerinde, 1996- 2018 döneminde hanehalkına yönelik gerçekleştirilen transfer ödemeleri ve ekonomik büyümenin gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Seriler arasında nedensellik ilişkileri; Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) panel nedensellik testi ile incelenmiş ve transfer ödemeleri ve nüfus artış hızı ile gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği arasında ve transfer ödemeleri ile nüfus artış hızı arasında karşılıklı nedensellik ilişkileri bulunmuştur. Ayrıca gelir dağılım eşitsizliğinden ekonomik büyümeye, ekonomik büyümeden transfer ödemeleri ve nüfus artış hızına doğru da tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkileri belirlenmiştir.
POTANSİYEL YEŞİL YAKALILARIN YEŞİL FARKINDALIKLARINA YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKSU Barış , YÜCEBALKAN Benan
Published: December 2020

Sanayi toplumu ve sonrasında mavi yakalı ve beyaz yakalı meslekler ağırlıkta iken, günümüzde bu mesleklerin yanında yeşil yakalı olarak adlandırılan meslekler istihdamda önem kazanmaktadır. Yeşil işler ya da yeşil yakalı meslekler, “Gelecekte dünya ekosistemine zararlı olabilecek faaliyetlerden kaçınarak, çevre kalitesini koruyan ve yükselten işler” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Yeşil işler aynı zamanda, “İşgücüne verimli çalışma ortamları sunan, haklarına duyarlı, kararlara katılım ile yeterli gelir olanakları sağlayan, sosyal koruma sağlayan işler”dir. Yeşil yakalı çalışanlar endüstrinin tüm sektörlerinde hizmet vermektedir. Bu bağlamda gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinden oluşan gelecekteki potansiyel yeşil yakalı çalışanların ve liderlerin çevresel duyarlılık ve farkındalık düzeylerinin tespiti olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda katılımcıların genel çevre bilinç oranı ortalaması %65,3±%11,7 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, “yeşil kampus (%23,8)”, “karbon ayak izi (%19,9)” ve “gri sular (%17,2)” konuları hakkında katılımcıların çok az farkındalığa sahip olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
HUMAN RESOURCES COMPETENCIES AND THE MEDIATION ROLE OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE
Authors: BAHAR Emel , KÖROĞLU Emine Özlem
Published: December 2020

The present study aimed to determine the effect of human resources competency levels on organizational structure, and also to identify the mediation role of the organizational climate in this effect. The relationship among these variables was analyzed by statistical methods such as factor analysis, regression analysis, and Sobel tests. All academic and administrative employees in a state university operating in Mersin Province of Turkey were included in the study. Data, collected using a questionnaire developed by the researchers from all employees of the university, were used to determine the relationship between the variables in the study. It was found in the present study that the levels of human resources competence positively affect organizational structure, and the organizational climate has a partial mediation effect in this relationship.
FİRMA PİYASA DEĞERİ İÇİN MUHASEBE VE EKONOMİK VERİLERİN ANALİZİ: HOLDİNG FİRMA UYGULAMASI
Authors: AVCI Pınar
Published: December 2020

Çalışmada firmaların piyasa değeri ile muhasebe ve makro ekonomik veriler arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. Bu ilişki tespiti için Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören holding firmalar arasından Koç Holding A.Ş., Hacı Ömer Sabancı Holding A.Ş., TAV Havalimanları Holding, Tekfen Holding A.Ş. ve Petkim Petrokimya Holding A.Ş seçilmektedir. Holding firmaların 2009Q1-2018Q4 dönem aralığı verileri toplanıp durağanlıkları belirlenmekte ve sonrasında eş bütünleşme testi yapılmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda, holding firmaların piyasa değeri ile holdinglerin defter değeri ve net kârı ve hatta gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYİH), faiz oranı, üretim endeksi, döviz kuru ve BİST100 endeksi arasında uzun dönemli ilişki belirlenmektedir. DOLS yöntemi sonuçlarına göre de, holding firmaların piyasa değerini defter değeri ve net kâr arttırmaktadır. Ayrıca GSYİH, faiz oranı ve BIST100 endeksinin genel olarak holding şirketlerinin piyasa değerini artırdığı, üretim endeksi ve döviz kurlarının düşürdüğü tespit edilmiştir.
The Paradigm of the Byzantine Economic Order-Taxis: Historical and Philosophical Dimension
Authors: Еldin Мikhail А.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The article deals with one of the key issues of the Eurasian economic order related to the Byzantine Empire, which lasted for more than a thousand years (395–1453) and experienced periods of growth and decline, in which military expansion was replaced by crises and internal upheavals. The Byzantine state has always been under pressure from outside, but it has learned to survive among rivals and enemies. The Power of Byzantium in many respects ahead of its era, was not only the largest feudal entity of the Middle Ages, but also along with this centralized state, which had a powerful system of administrative management, which played an important role in regulating of the economic order. Materials and Methods. Current methodological approaches based on the principle of spiritual understanding of the modern world picture, as well as the degree of theoretical elaboration at the present stage of development of society the problem of forming the mentality of a particular nation, studying cultural phenomena in a historical context contribute, we believe, the disclosure of the “conceptual entity” the Byzantine heritage. Results. The analysis of sources and materials that consider various aspects of scientific works of Byzantine taxonomists on the economic structure. The characteristic features of the economic policy of the Byzantine Empire are revealed and the conclusion about the significance of the Byzantine experience for regulating the economic order in modern States is substantiated. Discussion and Conclusion. The Byzantine state, which actively intervened in the regulation of the economy, received a relatively stable economic order, which allowed it not only to maintain its well-being throughout the centuries of the Empire’s history, but also to cope with crisis situations. The variety of forms of farming in early Byzantium was reflected in the effective interaction of commodity production developed in cities and the economic system of rural settlements. The flourishing of trade and industry were mainly characteristic of coastal cities, whose economic expansion only slightly affected the agricultural sector of the Empire, while there was a partial taxonometrization of the economy. Despite short periods of weakening trade priorities of Byzantium, we can not talk about the economic disaster of the Empire, because it had at its disposal the economic reserves of the provinces. The state has repeatedly experienced shocks accompanied by crises, but has maintained sufficient viability, subsequently reviving and returning to its previous positions.