bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Education Strategies for Managing Chronic Conditions
Authors: Alneami Fatimah Mohammed , Othman Amani Saeed , Albaradi Rashad Rashed , Saad Noof Ali , Alanzi Minwaa Zazoia , Almuhraj Nasser Mohammed , Almalki Aljawharah Mesfar , Alotaibi Abdullah Sinhat
Published: December 2024

Chronic conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases, are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Effective management of these conditions requires patients to be actively engaged in their care, and patient education is a critical component of this process. Tailoring educational approaches to meet the unique needs of each patient is essential for improving understanding, adherence, and outcomes. Factors such as cultural background, health literacy, and socio-economic status must be considered to ensure that education resonates with the patient and supports their ability to manage their condition effectively. The advent of digital tools and resources, including mobile health applications, wearable devices, and telemedicine platforms, has further enhanced the potential for patient education. These tools enable self-monitoring, provide continuous support, and offer convenient access to information, making them particularly valuable for chronic disease management. However, their effectiveness depends on the proper integration into care plans and the patient’s ability to use them effectively. Addressing barriers such as digital literacy and access to technology is crucial for maximizing the benefits of these tools. Continuous support and follow-up are also vital in empowering patients to manage their chronic conditions. Structured follow-up programs, peer support systems, and community-based initiatives provide ongoing reinforcement of educational messages and help address challenges that may arise over time. Additionally, technology can facilitate continuous monitoring and communication between patients and healthcare providers, ensuring that patients receive the guidance they need to stay on track with their treatment plans. By combining personalized education, digital tools, and continuous support, healthcare providers can enhance chronic disease management, leading to better patient outcomes and reduced healthcare burdens. The integration of these strategies into routine care is essential for meeting the evolving needs of patients in the modern healthcare landscape.
Orthodontic Relapse: Causes, Prevention, and Management Strategies
Authors: Alshareef Abdulrahman Adel , Mulla Raghdah Osamah , Alzahrani Hani Mohammed , Hawbani Asim Jabril , Many Mohannad Khalid
Published: December 2024

Orthodontic treatment, a specialized field within dentistry, focuses on diagnosing and correcting misaligned teeth and jaws to enhance oral health, function, and self-esteem. However, orthodontic relapse, where teeth gradually revert to their original positions post-treatment, can significantly impact oral health, appearance, and overall well-being. This article reviews the causes, prevention and management of orthodontic relapse, driven by the understanding of its complex nature and implications for patients and practitioners. Exploring genetic, age-related, retention-related and treatment-related factors influencing relapse aims to deepen comprehension of this phenomenon. Preventive strategies play a crucial role in maintaining treatment outcomes and reducing relapse risks. These encompass retention protocols, patient education, lifestyle modifications and ongoing monitoring. Retention protocols, emphasizing proper retainer wear post-treatment, are vital to sustaining corrected tooth positions. Educating patients on relapse factors and the significance of adherence to post-treatment care fosters better compliance and outcomes. Lifestyle modifications address habits like tongue thrusting or nail-biting, minimizing forces that contribute to relapse. Long-term monitoring ensures timely intervention if relapse signs emerge, safeguarding treatment results. Management strategies for orthodontic relapse are diverse and tailored to individual needs. Retreatment with orthodontic appliances, such as braces or aligners, aims to realign teeth and restore treatment outcomes. Adjusting retention protocols optimizes stability, while interdisciplinary collaboration with dental specialists addresses underlying issues like periodontal concerns or skeletal discrepancies. Surgical intervention, particularly for severe cases, corrects skeletal imbalances to provide a stable foundation for orthodontic treatment. Behavioral modification techniques mitigate habits contributing to relapse, enhancing treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. In conclusion, orthodontic relapse necessitates a comprehensive, multifaceted management approach to mitigate its impact on patients' oral health and quality of life. By understanding its causes, implementing preventive strategies, and utilizing diverse management modalities, practitioners can optimize treatment outcomes and minimize relapse risks, ensuring sustained oral health and patient satisfaction.
The Growing Role of Genetics in Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Authors: Farran Waleed Hashim , Tarabzouni Khalid Waleed , Almuqati Taif Ati , Khawaji Nardeen Mohammed , Alasmari Muidh Mohammed , AlMoqbel Raghad Mohammed , Alahmed Razan Mohammed , Alasmari Afnan Mohammed , AlShahrani Eilaf Ahmed , Alsalamah Razan Musaad , Aljarooshi Dana Essam
Published: December 2024

Advancements in genetic research are revolutionizing orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by offering a more personalized approach. Genetic markers associated with craniofacial development and dental anomalies are being increasingly identified, providing deeper insights into the etiology of malocclusions. Specific genes such as MSX1, PAX9, and AXIN2 have been linked to conditions like tooth agenesis and jaw structure abnormalities, allowing for early diagnosis and targeted treatment planning. Personalized orthodontic treatment, based on an individual’s genetic profile, enhances treatment efficiency and outcomes. For example, polymorphisms in genes such as IL-1 and TNF-α influence inflammatory responses during orthodontic tooth movement, allowing for adjustments in treatment force and preventive measures to mitigate complications like root resorption. Genetic research also holds promise for predicting the stability of orthodontic results. Variations in genes affecting bone metabolism, such as MMP20 and VDR, influence both treatment response and relapse risk, enabling orthodontists to develop more effective retention strategies. Additionally, gene therapy and pharmacogenomics offer future avenues for enhancing bone remodeling and optimizing drug responses based on genetic profiles, potentially reducing treatment duration and improving long-term stability. As genetic testing becomes more accessible, the early identification of genetic predispositions to dental and skeletal anomalies will become integral to routine orthodontic care. Early intervention, personalized treatment protocols, and improved retention strategies will help achieve better patient outcomes. The growing role of genetics in orthodontics is leading the field toward precision medicine, where treatments are tailored to the unique genetic makeup of each patient, ensuring more efficient and lasting results. Continued advancements in genetic research will further refine this approach, solidifying genetics as a key component of modern orthodontic practice.
Oral Manifestations and Dental Management of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: AlDomyati Roaa Mohammad , Alshehri Nouf Ghanem , Alahmari Amal Saad , Muslih Wejdan Dhafer , Alluhaibi Hamza Turki , Alduiji Farah Saleh , Alnimasi Raya Mubarak
Published: December 2024

Pediatric autoimmune diseases often present with a range of oral manifestations, including mucosal lesions, xerostomia, and periodontal disease. These symptoms can serve as early indicators of systemic illness, making prompt recognition and management by dental professionals critical. The immunosuppressive therapies commonly used to manage autoimmune diseases, such as corticosteroids and methotrexate, can exacerbate oral health issues, leading to increased susceptibility to infections, delayed wound healing, and complications during routine dental procedures. Preventive care and patient education are essential to mitigate these risks. Regular dental check-ups, professional cleanings, fluoride treatments, and the use of sealants are crucial preventive measures. Additionally, educating patients and caregivers on proper oral hygiene practices and providing dietary advice can help maintain oral health. Interdisciplinary collaboration between dental professionals and other healthcare providers, such as pediatricians and rheumatologists, ensures comprehensive care that addresses both oral and systemic health concerns. This collaboration is particularly important when planning dental procedures that may be affected by the patient's medication regimen or disease activity. Minimally invasive dental techniques, such as atraumatic restorative treatment and the use of dental lasers, can reduce the need for extensive procedures, thereby minimizing complications and improving patient comfort. The use of biocompatible materials and the avoidance of allergens are also important considerations. By implementing these strategies, dental professionals can significantly improve the oral health and overall well-being of pediatric patients with autoimmune diseases, ensuring their unique needs are met in a holistic manner. Effective dental management of these patients requires a multifaceted approach that includes preventive measures, patient and caregiver education, and interdisciplinary collaboration, ultimately leading to better health outcomes and quality of life for these young patients.
Dental Care for Children with Hemophilia Managing Bleeding Risks and Oral Health
Authors: Assiri Faris Abdullah , Rafiq Samiah Adnan , Alamri Waleed Mohammed , Bannani Abrar Abdulaziz , Abughaniah Hadeel Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency in clotting factors, primarily factor VIII or IX, which leads to impaired coagulation and prolonged bleeding episodes. This condition presents significant challenges in dental care, especially for children. Hemophilic patients are prone to spontaneous bleeding in the oral cavity, particularly from the gingiva, due to the high vascularization of oral tissues and the frequent exposure to mechanical trauma. Common oral manifestations include gingival bleeding, periodontal disease, and dental caries, which are exacerbated by difficulties in maintaining proper oral hygiene. The pathophysiology of hemophilia disrupts the normal coagulation cascade, making even minor dental procedures, such as cleanings or fillings, risky without adequate preparation. Prophylactic treatment with clotting factor replacement therapy is often necessary before invasive procedures to reduce the risk of excessive bleeding. Additionally, the use of antifibrinolytic agents and local hemostatic measures, such as sutures or fibrin sealants, helps control bleeding during dental interventions. Children with hemophilia also face an increased prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease due to the challenges in maintaining oral hygiene and the frequent consumption of sugary medications. These factors lead to a higher incidence of dental issues that require special management strategies. Preventive care, including regular dental check-ups, fluoride treatments, and minimally invasive procedures, is critical to reducing the need for more complex interventions. Successful management of dental care in hemophilic patients requires a multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration between dentists and hematologists. Individualized care plans tailored to the severity of the condition and the type of dental procedure are essential to minimize bleeding risks and ensure safe and effective treatment. Advances in dental technologies and treatment approaches continue to improve the outcomes and quality of life for children with hemophilia.
Prognostic Factors in Determining Success and Failure Rates in Endodontics
Authors: Alkaoud Reem Ali , Mohammed Yahya Hady , Galilah Amal Ali , Alghamdi Fatmah Saad , Alhabashi Nahed Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Endodontic treatment success depends on a complex interplay of anatomical, microbial, patient-related, and procedural factors. Variations in root canal anatomy, such as apical deltas, accessory canals, and isthmuses, can harbor bacteria despite advanced cleaning techniques, contributing to reinfection and treatment failure. The use of modern imaging technologies and precision tools like rotary instrumentation improves canal visualization and accessibility, while innovative irrigation techniques and adjuncts enhance microbial control, addressing limitations of conventional methods. Microbial factors, particularly the persistence of biofilm-forming bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, challenge complete disinfection. These resilient species can survive intracanal treatments, necessitating a multi-modal approach combining antimicrobial agents and advanced activation techniques to disrupt biofilms. Patient-specific variables, including systemic health conditions, immune status, and age, further impact endodontic outcomes by influencing healing capacities and susceptibility to reinfection. Diabetic patients, for example, face delayed healing, increasing the likelihood of complications. The long-term success of endodontically treated teeth also relies heavily on post-treatment restoration. A well-sealed, full-coverage restoration prevents microbial infiltration and protects the tooth from fractures under occlusal load. Adhesive materials and fiber posts provide added reinforcement, especially for teeth with substantial coronal damage, and help distribute functional forces evenly. Timely and durable restorations contribute significantly to the survival of treated teeth, with immediate or early definitive restorations showing improved outcomes. Effective endodontic care requires a comprehensive understanding of these prognostic factors, emphasizing personalized treatment strategies to improve success rates. Advances in procedural techniques, restorative materials, and an in-depth appreciation of patient-related variables collectively contribute to enhanced endodontic outcomes, reducing failure rates and increasing long-term tooth preservation.
ḤĀFIẒ ABŪ ṬĀHIR AL-SILAFĪ (d. 576/1180)-ACQUISITION OF ḤADĪTH AND QIRĀ'AT IN ISFAHAN
Authors: Zaman S. M.
Published: December 2024

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ECONOMIC TRENDS IN AL-ANDALUS DURING THE PERIOD OF THE ṬĀ'IFAH STATES (11TH CENTURY A.D./5TH CENTURY A.H.)
Authors: Benaboud Muhammad
Published: December 2024

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A KHALJI'ĪDGĀH AT RAPRI (1312):
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Mokhlesur
Published: December 2024

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AL-RAZI'S CONCEPTION OF BLOOD AS HOT AND DRY:
Authors: S.Mahdihassan
Published: December 2024

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CONTRIBUTION OF THE INDUS VALLEY TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCES IN THE DAYS OF ARABS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SIDHĀNTA
Authors: Sindhi Abdul Majid Memon
Published: December 2024

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SHARĪ'AH IN AN ERA OF TRANSITION:
Authors: Tabiu Muhammad
Published: December 2024

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MULLĀ ṢADRĀ'S THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE:
Authors: Ceylan Yasin
Published: December 2024

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THE WANGARAWA FACTOR IN THE HISTORY OF NIGERIAN ISLAM:
Authors: Akinwumi Olayemi , Raji Adesina Y.
Published: December 2024

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Institutional Configurations and Trust in Religious Institutions in Muslim Societies
Authors: Hassan Riaz , Azadarmaki Taghi
Published: December 2024

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The Problem of Uṣūl al-Shāshī
Authors: Bedir Murteza
Published: December 2024

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Ibn 'Arabī's Contribution to the Ethics of Divine Names
Authors: Shahzad Qaiser
Published: December 2024

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Southeast Asian Response to the Clampdown on the Darul Arqam Movement in Malaysia,1994–2000
Authors: Hamid Ahmad Fauzi Abdul
Published: December 2024

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Imrana
Authors: Metcalf Barbara D.
Published: December 2024

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The Rebel Fortresses in al-Andalus
Authors: Marin-Guzman Roberto
Published: December 2024

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The Questions of War and Peace in Contemporary Islamic Legal Discourse
Authors: Mansoori Muhammad Tahir
Published: December 2024

Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī has come up a legal theory that is, on the whole, consistent with the norms of modern international law and accommodates the realities of the present-day relations obtaining among nations without compromising the objectives of Islamic law as laid down in the Qur'ān and the Sunnah. Al-Zuḥaylī has provided very strong conceptual foundations for a peace-building approach. Anchored in the Qur'ān and the Sunnah, this approach minimizes the use of force, confining it to only extraordinary circumstances. It seeks to promote the values of tolerance, compassion, forgiveness, justice, equity, mutual support and cooperation in intra-human relations. The present article attempts to present Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī's views on the position of war and peace in Islamic jurisprudence, examines his opinions about issues such as peaceful co-existence, justification of war, norms in the conduct of hostilities, conclusion of treaties between Muslim and non-Muslim states, and other issues relevant to these matters. This article also aims to delineate and highlight the positions taken by Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī which have had an impact on contemporary Islamic thought on these matters.
A Comparative Study of the Intended Sacrifice of Isaac/Ishmael in the Bible and the Qur'ān
Authors: Afsar Ayaz
Published: December 2024

This article is an attempt to make a comparative study of the story of the intended sacrifice of Isaac/Ishmael in the bible and the Qur'ān. The texts are analysed from a narratological perspective without concerning ourselves with the question as to which one has a better composition or definitive version. The focus is on considering not only to look at what the texts tell but also to find out how they tell it. The analysis shows that the texts are significantly different in the presentation of subject matter, characterization and worldview. It is suggested that further analysis on the same grounds may give a more accurate and exact relationship between the two scriptures.
Modern Historiography
Authors: Qadir Khurram
Published: December 2024

Historiography in the modern West, particularly during the last century, has made many contributions to the study of the Crusades whereas Muslim scholars are few and far between. Muslim contributions to this subject generally come from lands that suffered from the event directly or they emanate from pens of Muslims who work in research institutions of the West today. A view that gained converts among Muslims since the birth of Israel, which registered a surge among the intelligentsia of Pakistan when Iraq was attacked, is that military advances of the West are an attempt to achieve the unfinished agenda of the Crusades. However, not much seems to have been written on the subject in the Muslim world. In contrast, European historians have contributed considerably to the subject in recent times. Some of the works have been reconciliatory and some defied the apologetic trend regarding the "modern crusade." The present paper seeks to compare three British works in the light of general trend of scholarship on this subject in the English language.
Images of Religious Others in Textbooks of Religious Education for the Public Primary Schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Smajic Aid
Published: December 2024

The course of Religious Education and its respective textbooks for pupils of public primary schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina could certainly make a considerable contribution to rebuilding mutual trust between Catholics, Orthodox and Muslims — the three major religious traditions of the country in the post-war period. Obviously, the extent of success in this regard will largely depend on how the Religious Education literature portrays the members of other ethno-religious communities in the country. Our analysis has shown that the greatest space for religious others is allocated in the textbooks of Catholic Religious Education. In general, textbooks of all traditional religious communities in the country tend to avoid direct negative evaluation of religious others, preferring rather to address their teachings and history of mutual encounter in a respectful manner. Exceptions, however, do exist and they are often concerned with how confessions and religious orientations other than traditional Catholic, Orthodox and Islamic are portrayed. Similarly, history and historical categories remain to be the main factors vitiating the portrayal of Muslims in Catholic and — especially — Orthodox textbooks. Accordingly, history textbooks might prove to be the main battle field in the future textbook revisions.
Precedent in Islamic Law with Special Reference to the Federal Shariat Court and the Legal System in Pakistan
Authors: Munir Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This paper attempts to answer the question whether the common law doctrine of precedent as practiced in Pakistan is compatible with the traditional Islamic legal system. The paper examines the role of the principles of Islamic law in the Pakistani legal system and focuses on the role of the Federal Shariat Court and the binding status of its decisions. The paper also examines the prevalent practice of courts in Saudi Arabia and finds that judges there are not bound by the decisions of the higher courts. Those who oppose the doctrine of precedent generally argue that this doctrine restricts judges from undertaking ijtihād and that it is against the principle of independence of judiciary. However, the supporters of precedent argue that the doctrine ensures uniformity and analytical consistency in the legal system. It concludes that the practice of binding precedent under Articles 189, 201 and 203 GG of the 1973 Constitution is "institutionalized taqlīd" and that there is little, if any, material about the role of precedent in Islamic law.
The Clash of Civilizations Thesis and Muslims
Authors: Al-Ahsan Abdullah
Published: December 2024

The clashof civilizations thesis,first formulated byBernard Lewis and popularized by Samuel Huntington in the 1990s was, in the course of time, embraced by President George W. Bush for execution, virtually making it the cornerstone of US foreign policy during the early years of the 21st century. The situation thus created has pushed the Muslim world to the centre-stage of international politics. An in-depth analysis, however, finds the thesis to be seriously flawed. Despite differences, Islamic and Western civilizations share a number of common valuessuch as human dignity,trust, justice, transparency and freedom of choice. The idea of a clash between these two civilizations appears to be based on a misapprehension of certain events in history and its implications for world peace are simply horrendous. Luckily there are indications that the new American administration under President Obama seems to have realized the essential flaw of the clash of civilizations thesis. The present article ventures to explore the outlines of an alternative paradigm that might pave the ground for peaceful civilizational co-existence.
Evolving Conceptions of Ijtihad in Modern South Asia
Authors: Zaman Muhammad Qasim
Published: December 2024

This paper has three overlapping concerns. First, it reviews some instances of how the idea of ijtihad has figured in the discourses of the modern ‘ulama’. Second, it shows how the debates on this contested subject can shed some light on intellectual exchanges between Arab Middle Eastern and South Asian scholars and, more specifically, between the reformist Salafis of the Arab world and the Deobandi's of the Indian subcontinent. It argues, finally, that the language and rhetoric of ijtihad have tended to increasingly recommend themselves to the ‘ulama’ as a way of rearticulating their claims to religious authority in the modern world.
A Triadic Re-Reading of Zaynab al-Ghazali and the Feminist Movement in Islam
Authors: Uthman Ibrahim Olatunde
Published: December 2024

This paper inquires into the personality, identity and work of the contemporary Muslim woman activist Zaynab al-Ghazali al-Jubayli (1917–2005). The quality and quantity of studies that she has attracted attest to her eminent position in both contemporary Islamic circles and feminist discourses. She has succeeded in bringing her brand of Islamic feminism to the front burners of feminist discourse at the international level. Nevertheless, there still appears to be a serious misreading of her brand of Islamic feminism. This misreading is due to the categorization of her with other Muslim women activists such as Fatima Mernissi. This paper will ground itself upon Showalter’s framework which differentiates between the female, the feminist and the feminine. Also, a methodological and characteristic differentiation will be made between “Islamic feminism” and “Muslim feminism.” It is within this complete theoretical framework that this paper will discuss the life and works of Zaynab al-Ghazali. This paper will explore the different dimensions of Zaynab al-Ghazali’s identity, especially as a medium for the uniqueness of her brand of feminism.
On the Transformative Potential of the Elite Groups in Shaping Societies
Authors: Rauf Abdul , Amin Husnul
Published: December 2024

In a political sociology setting, this research concerns the central location of elite groups in relation to the non-elite sections of society in the process of social change. It does so by focusing on the ideas and approach of an eminent reformist scholar and once staunch Islamist ideologue, Amin Ahsan Islahi. Studies on elites abound in the social sciences literature due to elite’s conceivable roles and effects in/on societies. Muslim intellectuals across the world, both from the traditional as well as reformist circles, have addressed the significance of elites in shaping their respective societies, and consequently the primacy of attention they needed to receive. However, a systematic account of how diverse religious scholarship has addressed the role and function of elite in bringing about their imagined social change, is missing from the social science literature. This paper highlights the contribution of one such scholar from the subcontinental Muslim tradition about a criticism on the existing mode of preaching and the importance of elites and why they should be given priority over masses by the preachers and pro-reform actors.
The Subject of Education and Edification: Manazir Ahsan Gilani’s Proposal for a Unified System of Muslim Education in British India
Authors: Saif Mashal
Published: December 2024

Most studies on traditional Muslim education in British India have overlooked the link between questions of education and the theoretical interrogation of human subjectivity. This essay attempts to fill this vacuum by focusing on the education reform proposal articulated by Manazir Ahsan Gilani (d. 1956), a traditional Deobandi cleric. This examination elucidates that it is crucial to flesh out how even the most traditional forms of Muslim education in British India aimed to engender certain affects and dispositions in the human subject; the subjects of these traditional modes of education were designed to resist the subject positions imposed upon them by Western colonial powers. Moreover, I showcase how Gilani articulates the necessity of edification alongside education to highlight that the Muslim subject is constituted not only by the materiality of educational institutions, but also, and perhaps more importantly, through the spirituality of edificatory practices.
Constitutional Paradigm of Societal Reconstruction and Rule of Law in Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Kashif
Published: December 2024

This theoretical debate argues that utility of any legal system depends upon its social legitimacy; especially the deterrence of criminal laws aligns with popular Will. The absence of popular Will can overrule the stringent precepts by making the entire criminal justice system vulnerable to criticism. It further argues that viability of institutional justice and fair trial is a catalyst even for an extremely punitive law, as both of these values are crucial to protect core human values. Thus owing to rational choice theory of utilitarianism, citizens obey the law to protect common good until it transgress the bare minimum of their natural rights. It also indicates that constitutional focus on development and good governance at grass root level has a probability to neutralise socio-political polarisation in Pakistan. For this purpose, institutional justice under the core parameters of Rawlsian equality and equity is preferred to achieve egalitarianism. In this jurisprudential context, collaboration between legislature, executive, and judiciary is required to accomplish the preamble and Objectives Resolution of the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973.
Psychological distress, burnout, sense of coherence and social support among caregivers of cerebral palsy children
Authors:   Islamic international university, National Institute Of Rehabilitation Medicine, Islamabad Pakistan, Waqar Saima , Mushtaq Rabia ,   Islamic international university Islamabad Pakistan, Khan Muhammad Manan Haider ,   Deaprtment of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shifa Tameer e Millat University Islamabad Pakistan.
Published: December 2024

Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) children need long-life support from caregivers. which affects their mental health affected badly.

Objective: to assess the relationship between psychological distress, burnout, sense of coherence, and social support among caregivers of cerebral palsy children.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on n=100 caregivers of CP in the National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM) from June to December 20222. The data was collected through a purposive sampling technique from the caregivers of the CP children in the outpatient and inpatient departments of NIRM. Urdu-translated versions of the Depression, Anxiety & Stress Scale (DASS), Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), Multidimensional Perceived Social Support, and Orientation of Life Scale (sense of coherence) were administered to collect the data.

Results: The higher parental burnout was strongly correlated with higher overall psychological distress(r=0.64), and moderate negative correlation (r=-0.45) with perceived social support. A higher intercorrelation of depression, anxiety, and stress (r=0.77 to 0.93) was observed. there were also strong negative correlations of sense of coherence across depression r=-0.62, anxiety (r=-0.55), and stress (r=-0.51). the MPSS had a moderate negative correlation (r=-0.41) with distress. The MSPSS also showed a Moderate positive correlation (r=0.57) with a sense of coherence.

Conclusion: It was concluded that caregivers of Cerebral palsy children are psychologically distressed and having burnout that effect their mental health. An increasing sense of coherence and social support can support their mental health.
Keywords:
Cerebral palsy, caregiver, depression, burnout, social support, sense of coherence
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN PRODUK KEDAI LOMILK CV. RUMAH DANGKE
Authors: Nafi'an Muh. Ilman , Andy  , Azhar Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Era persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat, strategi pemasaran yang efektif menjadi kunci keberhasilan bagi banyak perusahaan. Kedai Lomilk, sebagai penyedia susu murni lokal, dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan dan peluang yang perlu dikelola dengan baik untuk memastikan kelangsungan bisnis dan kepuasan pelanggan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja strategi-strategi yang harus dilakukan kedai lomilk dalam melaksanakan pemasaran produk yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis SWOT dengan mengidentifikasi terlebih dahulu poin-poin Strength (Kekuatan), Weakness (Kelemahan), Opportunity (Peluang), Threats (Ancaman). Kemudian mengelompokkannya kedalam faktor internal dan faktor eksternal menentukan nilai bobot, rating dan skor, lalu nilai dari faktor internal dan eksternal dimasukkan kedalam diagram cartesius untuk mengetahui dimana posisi perusahaan dan strategi apa yang harus diambil kedai Lomilk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa faktor internal yang menjadi kekuatan utama yaitu Kedai Lomilk sebagai penyedia susu murni lokal, sedangkan faktor intenal yang menjadi kelemahan utama adalah daya saing antara pedagang minuman kekinian yang sangat ketat. Untuk faktor eksternal yang menjadi peluang utama adalah perkembangan media social yang bisa dikembangkan menjadi media promosi, sedangkan faktor eksternal yang menjadi ancaman utama adalah persaingan antara pedagang susu murni. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan praktis bagi Kedai Lomilk dan kedai sejenis dalam mengembangkan pendekatan pemasaran yang lebih efektif dan adaptif terhadap dinamika pasar.
A Study on the Design of Gel Nail Art Using the Visual Texture of Architectural Exterior and Playability in the New Deconstructivism
Authors: Jeong Da-Hee
Published: December 2024

Although the nail beauty industry is showing a wide range of growth by applying various materials and colors, it reached the limit of design, dismantled elements limited to various shapes and textures in the small space of the nail, and sublimated them into artistic trends to express new aesthetic values by adding individual tastes and autonomy. Therefore, a total of eight gel nail art pieces were produced and presented by fusing the playfulness characteristics of neoclassicism and eight visual textures of architectural exterior materials through literature review. The design applying bricks was expressed as an active attitude amid anxiety caused by rapid social changes by destroying another rule and order with a repeated structure. The design applying stone expresses the shape of the design in a design that achieves a harmony of symmetry and asymmetry by using dots, lines, and planes, and the surface is expressed as a design that realizes a rough texture. The design applying metal materials was expressed in a soft balance and a stable design by making metal materials, which are iron materials, curved. The design applying paint was expressed as a design that induces interest by creating a complementary relationship by adding a bumpy surface to the flat design. The design applying tiles expressed a satirical image in simplicity with a repeated structure while maintaining balance by connecting horizontally and vertically to planes and curves. The design applying exposed concrete expresses the dismantling of rules in simplicity and expressing ideas and thoughts through an autonomous design. The design applying wood was expressed as a design that induces humor by reconstructing and combining toothpicks that are common in everyday life. The glass-applied design is expressed as a design that stimulates interest by amplifying the curiosity inside the translucent by connecting the vertices of the square surface of the film and attaching them three-dimensionally on the nail. Therefore, this study presented a design that can advance with the present era with infinite possibilities of nail art design by providing a category of innovative ideas rather than creating them as motifs by approaching neo-deconstructionist playfulness characteristics and architectural exterior materials. It is expected that various gel nail art designs will be developed with creative artistic trends by predicting the trend of gel nail art design in the future and presenting it as basic data for subsequent studies related to acid dismantlementism and architectural exterior materials.
Analysis of Beauty Therapy Tasks at the National Skills Competition and World Skills Competition: From 2011 to 2023, Focusing on Facial and Body Treatment
Authors: Shin Chae-Young
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed the trends in Facial and Body Treatment tasks within the Beauty Therapy category of the National Skills Competition and the World Skills Competition from 2011 to 2023, comparing the differences between the two competitions. The study aimed to identify year-by-year task trends, categorize tasks based on similarities, and provide foundational data for aligning National Skills Competition task direction with World Skills Competition standards. The research focused on Facial and Body Treatment tasks, classified into subcategories including Basic Facial Treatments, Facial Device Treatments, Spa Body Treatments, Body Device Treatments, and Therapy tasks. The findings showed that National Skills Competition tasks were predominantly device-oriented, with Basic Facial Treatments disappearing after 2018, whereas Facial Device Treatments appeared almost annually. In contrast, World Skills Competition tasks emphasized practical problem-solving skills, consistently including chart preparation and steamer/extraction tasks, which were absent in the National Skills Competition. Moreover, World Skills Competition tasks displayed more diverse requirements, particularly in exfoliation and mask techniques, highlighting creativity and comprehensive skill evaluation. The study underscores the need for National Skills Competition to adopt practical and problem-solving-oriented tasks similar to World Skills Competition to enhance participants’ holistic competencies. Developing training programs and manuals reflecting World Skills Competition trends is recommended to improve adaptability and practical skills. While this study provides valuable insights, it is limited to the past 13 years and Facial and Body Treatment tasks, excluding other aspects of Beauty Therapy. Future research should investigate trends in Make-up, Nail Care, and Hair Removal tasks and incorporate creativity and artistry evaluations.
Differences in Overseas Employment Status and Job Satisfaction of Hairdressers Depending on the Country and the Employment Channel: Focused on Australia and Singapore
Authors: You Eun-Sung , Kim Han-Na
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine differences in overseas employment status and job satisfaction of hairdressers depending on the country and the employment channel. For this study, 131 hairdressers with working experiences in Korean hair salons in Australia and Singapore were surveyed. The results of this study were as follows: First, there were significant differences in employment status depending on the country: type of employment, period of employment, hair salon CEO, number of employees, work experience at the time of the employment, and level of English at the time of the employment. Second, employment status depending on the employment channel showed significant differences in type of employment, period of employment, work experience at the time of the employment, and level of English at the time of employment. Third, one-way ANOVA analysis showed that there were significant differences in job satisfaction depending on the country: personal experience, salon welfare, and working conditions. Fourth, job satisfaction depending on the employment channel showed significant differences in four factors of job satisfaction except for working conditions. Those who were employed through the official channel were more satisfied than those who were hired through an informal channel.
A Study on the Physiological Activity of Artemisia frigida Leaf Extracts
Authors: Gounan  , Park Eun-Jun , Lee Ji-An
Published: December 2024

Artemisia frigida is a member of the Compositae family and is widely used in traditional medicine for treatment of diverse disease. The anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities of A. frigida leaf extract using aqueous (A. fridia water, AFW) and ethanol (A. fridia ethanol, AFE) solvents were investigated. The anti-oxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) assays, revealing it to be high. The effect of anti-inflammation on the A. frigida leaf extract was assessed in LPS stimulated murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. AFW extract suppressed the LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by significantly reducing nitric oxide production in a concentration-dependent manner. This extract also inhibited interleukin-6 (IL-6) production and suppressed the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Furthermore, the AFW and AFE showed 30.190% and 24.295% inhibition of tyrosinase activity and 50.190% and 50.061% inhibition of DOPA oxidation activity at 1 mg/mL. These results suggest that Artemisia frigida leaf has a great potential as sources of bioactive compounds which could be used as functional cosmetic ingredients in skin care.
Effect of Hairdresser’s Work-Life Balance and Self-efficacy on Job Satisfaction
Authors: Kim Ji-In , Noh Young-Hee , Jung Hun-Sik
Published: December 2024

This study aims to increase job satisfaction of hairdressers by analyzing the impact of work-life balance and self-efficacy on job satisfaction, which can lead to an increase in their professional success rate. We also sought to present basic data that can improve productivity through efficient human resource management in personnel administration. The results are as follows: First, the proportion of women among hairdressers was much higher than that of men. In order for these hairdressers to be faithful to their jobs and not change jobs, each individual must be highly satisfied with their job. Therefore, there must be continuous measures to increase their job satisfaction. Second, both work-life balance and self-efficacy had a significant impact on job satisfaction. Also, work-family, one of the three sub-factors that constitutes work-life balance, was seen to have the greatest impact on job satisfaction. Although growth at work was important, it was found that family relationships and family support were also important factors in improving job satisfaction. Therefore, in order to improve work-life balance, not only companies need to establish necessary systems, but hair designers also need to manage their own time and mental health care. It is also important to have emotional support through communication with family or colleagues. Third, self-efficacy had a priority on job satisfaction rather than work-life balance. Ultimately, for job satisfaction, it is essential to improve self-efficacy before improving work-life balance. Hairdressers must strive to achieve job satisfaction by increasing their confidence through improving their skills by learning new technologies or trends and strengthening their expertise by attending seminars and workshops, or by building confidence through small successes. To help hairdressers achieve these goals, the hair beauty companies need to create a positive work environment, come up with realistic measures to provide appropriate rewards and incentives, and especially provide autonomy for hair designers to do creative work. With these measures in place, we hope to see high-quality improvement in the hair beauty industry by increasing the professional success and customer satisfaction of hair designers. Infuture research, in-depth qualitative research to determine the standards, systems, and implementation plans of the proposed measures will be needed.
A Study on Deformat Nail Art Applying the Combination of Different Elements
Authors: Lee You-Lim , Heo Mi-Ra
Published: December 2024

Modern society is demanding new conceptual artistic trends and designs. By applying the characteristics of deforma, which enables unique visual disharmony and heterogeneous expression, it is possible to escape from the representation of the object as it is and to express the desire of art or the inherent conflict and emotions of humans. Deformat can be said to be a subjective formative will expressed by the artist’s intentionally distorted transformation, and in fact, it is actively used in many visual arts fields to subjectively express human inner emotions. This phenomenon has also affected the beauty field such as nail art design, and various works that have transformed the shape in various ways or expressed in a unique way, and sublimated it into art leaving the aesthetic domain. By borrowing the characteristics of Deformat’s heterogeneous element combination, one of the representative forms of this expanded art, unique and unique artworks can be expressed in the nail art field, and artistic expression beyond the existing framework is possible through colorful colors and designs. Therefore, this study intends to contribute to the creative activities of nail art design by creating a nail art design that utilizes the characteristics of the heterogeneous element combination of one of the main forms of modern art based on the theoretical consideration of deforma and the expression method according to the work propensity of the preceding artist and revealing its meaning.
YEŞİL LİMAN VE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR LİMAN ÇALIŞMALARINDA ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİ: SİSTEMATİK LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: Çelik Yeliz , Yorulmaz Murat
Published: December 2024

Yeşil liman, faaliyetlerinde çevre dostu olmayı amaçlayan, kaynakları en iyi şekilde kullanan ve canlılara en az zarar veren liman olarak tanımlanabilir. Yeşil limanlar, çevre yönetim standartlarını yükselterek ekosistem kalitesini optimum seviyede iyileştirir ve ekonomik faydayı da göz önünde bulundurarak sürdürülebilir limancılık faaliyetleri açısından da stratejik açıdan kritik bir rol oynar. Bu kapsamda küresel deniz ticaretinin artan önemiyle birlikte, yeşil limanlar insan sağlığı ve çevre için bir zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada yeşil liman ve sürdürülebilir liman çalışmaları sistematik literatür araştırması ile incelenmiş ve söz konusu bu çalışmalarda kullanılmış olan çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma yeşil liman kriterlerini belirlemeye yönelik yapılan çalışmaların hangi yöntem ile yapıldığını, hangi yıllarda çalışmalara ağırlık veriliğini ve bu çalışmaların nerelerde yayımlandığını belirlemeye odaklanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, yazarların çoğunun AHP yöntemini tercih ettiği ve bu yöntemin kullanım oranının en yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Kriter analizi ve sıralama çalışmaları için uygun olan TOPSIS, SWARA VE FAHP yöntemlerinin ise daha az oranda kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Design of Compact Triple-Band Antenna with Dual-Band Rectifier for RF Energy Harvesting
Authors: Trikolikar Anand A. , Lahudkar Swapnil
Published: December 2024

A rectenna is a device that converts electromagnetic energy into direct current electricity. An antenna and rectifier are the main components of a rectenna; the antenna serves the purpose of receiving radio frequency energy that exists in the environment, & rectifier is utilized for converting captured RF energy into DC power. This paper presents an edge-fed triple band (2.4, 3.5, & 5.8 GHz) semicircle arc-shaped patch antenna designed using a low-cost FR4 substrate. The antenna has compact dimensions of 31 mm*28 mm*1.6 mm (0.25????0 * 0.22????0 * 0.013????0), suitable in the context of harvesting radio frequency energy from ambient environments. The configuration of a high-gain antenna involves situating a reflector positioned 18.5 mm beneath the antenna, thereby achieving gain levels of 3.49 dB, 7.48 dB, and 8.78 dB at designated frequencies. An equivalent circuit of the antenna was accomplished by utilizing ADS, and the results were analyzed in comparison to the reflection coefficient values derived from HFSS at the relevant frequencies. Furthermore, a rectifier capable of dual-band operation at 1.80 GHz and 2.45 GHz has been developed and fabricated. The outcomes for both the proposed antenna and rectifier are then analyzed in relation to findings documented in the current literature. The innovation presented in this study is characterized by the unique design of the antenna, which allows for the manipulation of its resonance frequency. The proposed antenna offers significant benefits, including reduced dimensions and enhanced gain performance.