bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Smart Urban Forests to Edible Cities: New Approaches in Urban Planning and Design
Authors: Russo Alessio , Escobedo Francisco J.
Published: May 2022

In recent years, the pressing environmental, social, and economic problems affecting cities have resulted in the integration of the disciplines of landscape architecture and urban forestry via a transdisciplinary approach to urban planning and design. Now, new urban forestry approaches and concepts have emerged for more sustainable city planning. The discipline is using different methods and approaches to address many pressing issues such as human well-being and also food security. But, research on these topics is still limited and not available for many cities in the world. To fill this gap, we present this thematic issue “From Smart Urban Forests to Edible Cities: New Approaches in Urban Planning and Design.” The findings from this thematic issue offer new insight to policymakers and practitioners, as well as contribute to the emerging literature on edible and forest cities. Furthermore, the findings spanning different cities from different geographies can be used towards achieving the 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals of making cities and human settlements more resilient, inclusive, safe, and sustainable, as well as ending hunger, achieving food security, and improving nutrition. However, further studies are still needed, especially in developing countries and the Global South.
Avilés: industria, espacio urbano y transporte. del Tranvía de Vapor del Litoral Asturiano (1893-1933) a la Compañía del Tranvía Eléctrico (1916-1959) / Avilés: industry, urban space and transport. From Tranvía de Vapor del Litoral Asturiano (1893-1933) to Compañía del Tranvía Eléctrico (1916-1959)
Authors: Antuña Martínez Guillermo , Ocampo Suárez-Valdés Joaquín
Published: May 2022

El caso aquí analizado ilustra la historia del proceso de sustitución tecnológica en el transporte urbano de la segunda villa industrial de Asturias, Avilés. A diferencia de lo ocurrido en Oviedo o Gijón, donde el propio crecimiento urbano alimentó la demanda de movilidad, en Avilés serán la actividad fabril y los intereses inmobiliarios de la Real Compañía Asturiana y de los capitales «indianos» los promotores del tranvía.
En efecto, inicialmente, tanto el tranvía de vapor como el eléctrico, fueron un mero apéndice de los desplazamientos laborales diarios demandados por la actividad minera y portuaria. Posteriormente, la demanda de suelo residencial en los terrenos propiedad de la Real Compañía, convertía al tranvía en instrumento para rentabilizarlos. Cuando realmente, en la década de 1950, llegaba la hora en que el propio crecimiento urbano de Avilés tomaba el relevo como dinamizador del tranvía, sus promotores abandonaban la empresa porque la presencia del autobús cuestionaba su viabilidad financiera.
En los tres casos citados, la transición de la tracción de sangre a la mecánica atravesó por similares ciclos: el auge finisecular (1895-1900), vinculado a la repatriación de capitales indianos, facilitó el tránsito de la tracción de sangre al vapor; el boom de negocios bélico de 1914-1918, asistió a la electrificación del tranvía; los años de la autarquía (1940-1950), a la implantación del trolebús, y los del «desarrollismo» (1960-1974), a la del autobús.
Cushing’s syndrome as a result of nasal drops for the eyes with dexamethasone (clinical observations)
Authors: Olenev Aleksej S. , Tyrtova Lyudmila V. , Parshina Natalia V. , Turkunova Maria E. , Gorkina Oksana K.
Published: May 2022

Cushings syndrome often develops due to an excessive intake of glucocorticoids with oral, intravenous, intramuscular administration, but it is possible to get a similar complication with intranasal administration. In this article, we present two cases of children who received nasal eye drops with dexamethasone. The use of drugs for 56 months in one case, and 3 years in another led to the formation of a typical clinical picture of the syndrome. The patients showed progressive dysplastic obesity with a moon-shaped face, atrophic skin changes with the appearance of red-violet, crimson stretch marks, and a decrease in the growth rate. There were some peculiarities in the results of laboratory and instrumental examination, due to age-sex characteristics and the duration of taking dexamethasone. According to the totality of anamnestic, clinical and laboratory parameters, instrumental examination, a drug-induced cushingoid syndrome was diagnosed. Subsequent follow-up after discontinuation of the drug confirmed the diagnosis. The presented clinical cases emphasize that the eye drops contain high doses of steroids and can lead to the development of Cushings syndrome, especially in children with intranasal use. When using nasal drops, it should be borne in mind that glucocorticoids will enter the mouth and be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. One should take into account the possibility of psychological dependence on such drops and, as a result, uncontrolled consumption by adolescent children.
Orbital plexiform neurofibroma associated with congenital glaucoma in a child with neurofibromatosis type I: a case report
Authors: Bolotnikova Irina V. , Ivanov Vadim P. , Shapovalov Aleksandr S. , Khachatryan William A. , Brzheskiy Vladimir V.
Published: May 2022

The article describes a clinical case of familial neurofibromatosis type I. This diagnosis was made in a nine-month-old patient according to the diagnostic criteria recommended by the International Expert Committee on Neurofibromatosis. Clinicaly, there were hyperpigmented caf-au-lait spot on the skin, the presence of one plexiform neurofibroma, the father had a genetically confirmed diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type I. Also after birth, this patient was diagnosed with buphthalmos.

A mutation in the Neurofibromin gene NFI leads to increased cell proliferation, with a rapidly progressive course, characterized by combined damage to the skin, eyes, nervous system and some internal organs, leading to neuroectodermal and mesodermal dysplasia. Neurofibromin is an intracellular protein in the human genome that regulates several pathways of growth control and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of congenital glaucoma associated with neurofibromatosis type I and plexiform neurofibroma. Plexiform neurofibroma originates from the sheaths of the peripheral nerves, often affects multiple nerves, is abundantly perfused, and is a benign neoplasm, but there is a lifelong risk of malignancy. On the other hand, congenital glaucoma is a relatively rare disease, usually due to infiltration of the anterior chamber angle by neurofibromas, closure of the angle by neurofibromatous-thickened ciliary body and choroid, fibrovascularization. The clinical picture of neurofibromatosis type I can be very variable, even among members of the same family. Under the influence of a combination of pathogenetic factors, an asymptomatic course is determined in one individual, while in another, the disease proceeds in a severe form, up to disability.

Surgical treatment for isolated orbital plexiform neurofibroma is used to decompress the orbit and prevent malignancy of the tumor. It should be noted that due to the peculiarity of the structure of the tumor, its total removal is often not possible. In this case, mini-frontal access was used.

After the intervention, exophthalmos regressed, ophthalmotonus returned to normal. The child was discharged in a satisfactory condition.

Thus, the described clinical case is of particular interest, based on the combination of orbital plexiform neurofibroma and congenital glaucoma associated with neurofibromatosis type I.
Motivation and readiness of pediatric medical university graduates to select medical careers at primary healthcare institutions
Authors: Sakhno Larisa V. , Koltunceva Inna V. , Dubovaia Elena G. , Zemlianykh Marina V.
Published: May 2022

Background. The goal of the study is to assess the readiness of pediatric medical university graduates to work in primary health care institutions and the correlation relationships with their motivations.

Aim. There is a significant staff shortage in Russian healthcare sphere. Directions for solving the problem are indicated, one of them is to increase the attractiveness of the labor function for young specialists with higher and secondary medical education.

Materials and methods. In the 2019/2020 academic year, an anonymous survey of 104 6th year students was conducted at St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, which resulted in a correlation analysis of motivation and willingness to work immediately after graduation from the university as a local pediatrician.

Results. All 104 graduates answered 18 questions on the questionnaire. It was revealed that 77% of students have confidence in their correct choice of the profession of a doctor; 82% of them say that they are attracted by the ability to provide medical care in the profession, 60% are interested in attractive social status, the ability to earn enough is the attractive feature for 47%. There are several reasons that make the doctors profession unattractive. 17% of graduates think that it is working with unhealthy people. Disrespectful attitude of others is significant for 80% of respondents, high legal liability requirements for 68%, difficulties earning enough for 62%. Students have also proposed solutions to the problem of staff shortages in primary care. The study revealed that the majority of pediatric university graduates by the time they graduate are confident in the correctness of their chosen profession.

Conclusions. The results of this research can be useful to healthcare organizers to attract graduates of medical universities to work in primary health care, solve the problem of staff shortages and improve the quality of medical care.
El escenario de la paz
Authors: Salazar-Ríos José Hoover
Published: May 2022

El escenario que parecía poco probable el 18 de octubre de 2012 cuando se lanzó formalmente el Proceso de Paz entre el gobierno colombiano y las FARC – EP, en la ciudad de Oslo, capital de Noruega, hoy se abre con patente real cuando los colombianos, y toda la comunidad internacional, hemos presenciado este 23 de septiembre, el simbólico apretón de manos entre el máximo jefe de la organización subversiva, Rodrigo Londoño Echeverry, alias “Timochenko”, y el Presidente de la República, doctor Juan Manuel Santos Calderón, a fin de sellar el Acuerdo sobre Justicia Transicional, inserto dentro del punto agendado desde un principio sobre Víctimas1 .
Identidad cultural campesina, entre la exclusión, la protesta social y las nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Alba-Maldonado José Manuel
Published: May 2022

Los pueblos campesinos han sido históricamente olvidados en Colombia, son ellos quienes concentran la pobreza y los niveles de NBI; son estas comunidades las que viven en medio de la guerra y sus víctimas, ocasionando desplazamientos masivos. Desde las políticas gubernamentales, Colombia es el único país de Latinoamérica que no ha llevado a cabo una reforma agraria, por otra parte muchas de las reformas van en perjuicio de la economía y cultura campesina, beneficiando dentro de los diferentes modelos económicos a quienes sustentan el poder. Pese a esto, la identidad cultural campesina persiste en contra de los vaticinios de su extinción, se renueva, evoluciona, adaptándose a las nuevas dinámicas socio-económicas y tecnológicas. El artículo pretende realizar un análisis teórico frente a cómo, la cultura campesina persiste y cambia dentro de las nuevas dinámicas de la sociedad-tecnológica y cómo la protesta social, en particular el paro agrario de Boyacá, es evidencia de esto.
A Comparison between Chinese and Western Paintings
Authors: Hou Tiantian
Published: May 2022

This paper attempts to explore the differences between Chinese and Western paintings by comparing the artworks of different painters. Through the analysis of a series of elements, such as color, composition, and painting tools, of specific works, this paper reveals the differences in the ideological connotations of eastern and western paintings.
Research on the Influence of Media Convergence on the Transformation and Upgrading of the Media Industry
Authors: Qi Yuqin
Published: May 2022

With the continuous development of social science and internet technology, media convergence has become an inevitable trend in the development of the media industry, and the current society has entered the era of media convergence. In this environment, media convergence has emerged at a pivotal period. Traditional media and emerging media are integrating with one another, putting forward not only new but also higher requirements for the traditional publishing industry in China. Under the development trend of this kind of media, the digital publishing industry chain is undergoing profound changes, and the publishing industry must actively upgrade its thought ideas, operation mechanism, information dissemination, and many other optimization transformations to ensure that under media convergence, there is stability of the traditional publishing industry, sustainable innovation, as well as development. This paper will make a detailed analysis of the characteristics of media convergence and explore the difficulties and development strategies of media industry upgrading in the era of media convergence.
A retrospective study of electrolyte imbalance among elderly patients and its relationship to the outcome and duration of stay in emergency
Authors: Chander Kalash
Published: May 2022

Background: Electrolyte imbalance (EI) is a measurable biochemical parameter that determines the clinical manifestations of interactions between various metabolic events like: hydration deficiencies, hormones deficiencies, vascular events, sepsis, etc. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of EI among elderly patients who present to the emergency department (ED), with regards to type and severity, and the association with age and sex of the patient, hospital stay, readmission, and mortality.

Method: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted on randomly selected 190 patients with EI, attending medicine OPD of sub-district hospital Bishnah, district Jammu, J and K, for a period of 6 months. 

Results: The median age of all patients was 69 years, with 43.68% patients were females. EIs were mostly mild, the most common EI was hyponatremia (14.74%). The 65 patients suffered from an either kind of severe EI. The 116 (61.05%) patients had no EI, 59 patients had one EI and 15 patients had two or more than two EIs. Median stay for patients with normal to mild/moderate to severe hyponatremia and hypernatremia was 3 and 5 days and 3 and 7 days respectively. Among all admitted patients, there were 20.5% (39) readmissions within 30 days from discharge during the study period.

Conclusions: Increasing severity of EI was associated with longer hospital stay. Health-care personnel should be effectively trained in the diagnosis and management of EIs.
Gastrointestinal parasites of surgical importance and their management — A review
Authors: Acharya Abhijith
Published: May 2022

Parasitic diseases continue to affect millions of people in the endemic areas causing morbidity as well as affecting the quality of life. The visitors to these endemic areas get infected with these parasites and present a confusing picture to the physicians in their native area. Prolonged exposure to some of these parasites like is a well-known risk factor for malignancy. However, most of these diseases are easily curable. This review article provides a brief description of a few parasitoses like amebiasis, ascariasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and fascioliasis. Their causative agents, disease-causing mechanisms in the host, clinical features, specific radiologic findings, and immunodiagnostic tests are discussed. The medical and surgical aspects of treating these parasitoses are also summarized.
Accidental ingestion of large foreign body retained at recto sigmoid junction: A rare case report
Authors: Shah Kunj , Patel Digant , Patel Jagrut , Shah Nimish
Published: May 2022

: Large Foreign Bodies in recto-sigmoid are very rare. Foreign bodies found in rectum are usually are inserted as a part of erotic activities . Very rarely foreign bodies reach upto rectum due to oral ingestion; e.g. of the latter include toothpicks, bones. These patients commonly present with pain, discomfort or foreign body sensation. After failure to remove by local methods they present to doctor. Patient fail to present early due to social embarrassment and stigmas. Patient might not present with original mode of insertion due to stigma and present with unusual stories.

A 52 year male presented with a complaint of abdominal pain colicky in nature since 12 hours and abdominal mass of following an episode of accidental ingestion of pestle while he was scratching his posterior pharyngeal wall..

At laparotomy, pestle was found at rectosigmoid junction, The pestle in rectosigmoid colon was removed by bimanual technique, i.e foreign body was pulled through anus and pushed through abdomen.

This was a rare case of such a large foreign body ingestion and retained in rectosigmoid colon.
Intra operative challenges faced while performing palatoplasty in a case of mild PRS with isolated cleft palate- Importance of diagnosing subtle changes in pre-operative evaluation
Authors: Mashalkar Narendra S.
Published: May 2022

Repairing cleft palate in a non-syndromic child is very challenging, given the size of oral cavity, a Pierre-robinsequence (PRS) makes matters worse on the operating table, as there is an added difficulty of micrognathia and relatively larger tongue. This paper is written with an objective of sharing our difficulties faced while operating in such a child, the technique used to cover the oral layer of soft palate, and to foresee such difficulties in the preoperative period in milder cases of Pierre robin sequence.
Multimodal imaging of experimental choroidal neovascularization
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland, Tsioti Ioanna , Schwarzer Petra ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland, Zinkernagel Martin S. ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland, Kokona Despina ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
Published: May 2022

AIM: To compare choroidal neovascularization (CNV) lesion measurements obtained by in vivo imaging modalities, with whole mount histological preparations stained with isolectin GS-IB4, using a murine laser-induced CNV model.
METHODS: B6N.Cg-Tg(Csf1r-EGFP)1Hume/J heterozygous adult mice were subjected to laser-induced CNV and were monitored by fluorescein angiography (FA), multicolor (MC) fundus imaging and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) at day 14 after CNV induction. Choroidal-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) whole mounts were prepared at the end of the experiment and were stained with isolectin GS-IB4. CNV areas were measured in all different imaging modalities at day 14 after CNV from three independent raters and were compared to choroidal-RPE whole mounts. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) type 2 (2-way random model) and its 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to measure the correlation between different raters' measurements. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Spearman's r) was calculated for the comparison between FA, MC and OCTA data and histology data.
RESULTS: FA (early and late) and MC correlates well with the CNV measurements ex vivo with FA having slightly better correlation than MC (FA early Spearman's r=0.7642, FA late Spearman's r=0.7097, and MC Spearman's r=0.7418), while the interobserver reliability was good for both techniques (FA early ICC=0.976, FA late ICC=0.964, and MC ICC=0.846). In contrast, OCTA showed a poor correlation with ex vivo measurements (Spearman's r=0.05716) and high variability between different raters (ICC=0.603).
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that FA and MC imaging could be used for the evaluation of CNV areas in vivo while caution must be taken and comparison studies should be performed when OCTA is employed as a CNV monitoring tool in small rodents.
Short-term outcomes of mitomycin C-augmented excisional bleb revision with capsulectomy for failed Ahmed glaucoma valve
Authors:   Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel, Davidov Bar , Mohilevtseva Ilona ,   Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel, Waisbourd Michael ,   Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel, Rachmiel Rony ,   Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel
Published: May 2022

AIM: To report short-term outcomes of mitomycin C-augmented excisional bleb revision with capsulectomy (ERC) after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) failure.
METHODS: Patients who underwent ERC procedures between January 2017 and December 2019 with a minimum follow-up of 6mo were evaluated retrospectively for indications of AGV and AGV implantation to ERC interval. The number of anti-glaucoma medications (AGMs), intraocular pressure (IOP) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were recorded at baseline, 1, 7, 30, 90, and 180d. Intra- and postoperative complications were also recorded. Positive outcome was defined as IOP≤21 mm Hg with or without AGMs.
RESULTS: Fourteen eyes [14 patients, median age 69.5y, interquartile range (IQR) 61.3-80] were included. Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (n=5, 36%) was the most common form of glaucoma. The median AGV implantation to ERC interval was 8.8mo (IQR 3.91-43.67). At 6mo, the median number of AGMs decreased from 3.0 (IQR 3.0-4.0) to 2.0 (IQR 1.5-3), the median IOP decreased from 26 mm Hg (IQR 22-29) to 16.5 mm Hg (IQR 13.75-20) and there was no significant change in BCVA. The success rate at 6mo was 92.9%. The Kaplan-Meier cumulative probability of survival was 93%, 79%, 64%, and 64% at 1wk, and 1, 3, and 6mo, respectively. No intraoperative complications were identified. Postoperative complications were identified in 5 eyes (36%), which were resolved spontaneously during the first week following ERC.
CONCLUSION: ERC has a high success rate for short-term management of AGV failure. A longer follow-up study is required to determine long-term cumulative failure rates.
iStent inject® and cataract surgery for mild-to-moderate primary open angle glaucoma in Japan: a cost-utility analysis
Authors:   Unit of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan, Igarashi Ataru , Shoji Nobuyuki ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa 252-0375, Japan, Chu Alice ,   Market Access and Medical Marketing, Glaukos Singapore, Singapore 068896, Singapore, Falvey Heather ,   Global Health Economics, Glaukos Corp, California 92672, USA, Han Ru ,   Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Paris 75008, France, Ueyama Maki ,   Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Tokyo 108-6028, Japan, Onishi Yoshie ,   Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Tokyo 108-6028, Japan
Published: May 2022

AIM: To evaluate the cost-utility of iStent inject® with cataract surgery vs cataract surgery alone in patients with mild-to-moderate primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Japanese setting from a public payer's perspective.
METHODS: A Markov model was adapted to estimate the cost-utility of iStent inject® plus cataract surgery vs cataract surgery alone in one eye in patients with mild-to-moderate POAG over lifetime horizon from the perspective of Japanese public payer. Japanese sources were used for patients' characteristics, clinical data, utility, and costs whenever available. Non-Japanese data were validated by Japanese clinical experts.
RESULTS: In the probabilistic base case analysis, iStent inject® with cataract surgery was found to be cost-effective compared with cataract surgery alone over a lifetime horizon when using the ¥5 000 000/quality-adjusted life year (QALY) willingness-to-pay threshold. The incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) was estimated to be ¥1 430 647/QALY gained and the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICER) was estimated to be ¥12 845 154/blind eye avoided. iStent inject® with cataract surgery vs cataract surgery alone was found to increase costs (¥1 025 785 vs ¥933 759, respectively) but was more effective in increasing QALYs (12.80 vs 12.74) and avoiding blinded eyes (0.133 vs 0.141). The differences in costs were mainly driven by costs of primary surgery (¥279 903 vs ¥121 349). In the scenario analysis from a societal perspective, which included caregiver burden, iStent inject® with cataract surgery was found to dominate cataract surgery alone.
CONCLUSION: The iStent inject® with cataract surgery is a cost-effective strategy over cataract surgery alone from the public payer's perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective in patients with mild-to-moderate POAG in Japan.
Timely vitrectomy without intraocular lens removal for acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China, Guo Hai-Xia , Wang Yun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Xining, Xining 810099, Qinghai Province, China, You Cai-Yun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China, Liu Yuan-Yuan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China, Meng Xiang-Da ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China, Yu Jin-Guo ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China, Yan Hua ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
Published: May 2022

AIM: To investigate the clinical features, causative organisms and effects of timely vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade without intraocular lens (IOL) removal in the treatment of acute-onset endophthalmitis after cataract surgery (APCE).
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and microbiological factors in 10 eyes of 10 patients with APCE at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2010 to December 2018. Data on the clinical features, causative organisms, visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications were collected. The mean follow-up period was 25.5mo.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 71.4y. The mean time between cataract surgery and the onset of endophthalmitis was 2.0d. Preoperative visual acuity ranged from no light perception to hand motion. After vitrectomy, the visual acuity increased in nine eyes (90%), and was unchanged in one eye (10%). A significant difference was observed between the mean preoperative (36.3±7.1 mm Hg) and postoperative IOP (14.9±4.3 mm Hg, P<0.05). Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated in 5 eyes, S. aureus in 2 eyes, and Enterococcus in 1 eye. Postoperative complications mainly included fibrin exudates in the anterior chamber at the early stages in all eyes and temporary IOP elevation in one eye. No retinal detachment or ocular atrophy was observed during the follow-up period.
CONCLUSION: Under systemic antibiotic treatment and timely diagnosis, vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade without IOL removal is a safe and effective method for APCE.
A novel Nance-Horan syndrome mutation identified by next-generation sequencing in a Chinese family
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Suqian, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China, Sun Hong-Yan , Sun Ru-Xu ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, Wang Ying ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, Wang Jia-Nan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, Qin Bing ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Suqian, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China, Zhang Wei-Wei ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, Ji Jiang-Dong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
Published: May 2022

AIM: To identify the disease-causing mutation in a four-generation Chinese family diagnosed with Nance-Horan syndrome (NHS).
METHODS: A Chinese family, including four affected patients and four healthy siblings, was recruited. All family members received ophthalmic examinations with medical histories provided. Targeted next-generation sequencing approach was conducted on the two affected males to screen for their disease-causing mutations.
RESULTS: Two male family members diagnosed with NHS manifested bilateral congenital cataracts microcornea, strabismus and subtle facial and dental abnormalities, while female carriers presented posterior Y-sutural cataracts. A novel frameshift mutation (c.3916_3919del) in the NHS gene was identified. This deletion was predicted to alter the reading frame and generate a premature termination codon after a new reading frame.
CONCLUSION: The study discovers a new frameshift mutation in a Chinese family with NHS. The findings broaden the spectrum of NHS mutations that can cause NHS in Chinese patients.
Estrategia de predicción pacientes con casos de coronavirus; reporte de experiencia Pereira, Risaralda, marzo-abril 2020
Authors: Giraldo-Ospina Carlos Eduardo , Giraldo-López Karem
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la infección por COVID 19 corresponde actualmente al evento infeccioso con mayor impacto en salud púbica a nivel mundial, en Colombia, al 30 de abril de 2020 se registraron 6465 casos acumulados, 360 defunciones y 2186 casos recuperados, dado el aumento en los casos reportados mediante los sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica se precisa de herramientas que faciliten el diagnóstico oportuno y la predicción en el comportamiento de los casos a nivel nacional. Objetivos: proponer un modelo estadístico que permita predecir la probabilidad de cursar con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en la población atendida por sospecha de infección por el mismo en una institución de tercer nivel del municipio de Pereira- Risaralda entre marzo y abril de 2020. Materiales y métodos: se presenta un estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal en el cual se analizaron 82 casos, se realizó un modelo predictivo basado en compuertas lógicas AND y OR, y análisis por estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: de los 82 registros analizados se encontró una relación hombre: mujer de 1:2; el 6% de los pacientes tuvo alta probabilidad para diagnóstico de COVID 19, el 20% tuvo probabilidad intermedia y el 72% registró baja probabilidad para COVID19, la concordancia del modelo con los resultados de las pruebas fue inferior a 0,5. Conclusiones: el modelo estadístico planteado fue insuficiente para lograr la predicción de la totalidad de los casos de COVID-19 basados en el perfil de riego de la población, se precisan nuevas investigaciones con tamaños de muestra superiores, diseños y análisis distintos. MÉD.UIS.2022;35(1): 57-69.
Формирование рекомендаций по настройке визуального контента для людей с нарушениями зрения
Authors: Абросимова Н.Г. , Горячкин Б.С.
Published: May 2022

В данной статье проведѐн анализ настройки визуального контента для людей с нарушениями зрения. Выделены параметры, которые в зависимости от своих значений могут влиять на зрительное восприятие. Для каждого параметра была выявлена зависимость от потери остроты зрения. По каждому из них было проведено исследование, в результате которого вычислены значения, при которых данные параметры способны воспринимать люди с нарушениями зрения без использования дополнительных технологий, в зависимости от категории нарушений. По итогам проведенных исследований и анализа были сформулированы рекомендации по настройке визуального контента для 1 и 2 категорий нарушений зрения.
Различия подходов при проектировании и дизайне web-ориентированных ИС
Authors: Кац В.Ю. , Мицкевич И.У. , Параскевов А.В.
Published: May 2022

Какие особенности существуют в американском стиле веб-дизайна, чем российские сайты отличаются от сайтов, созданных в американском стиле.
К вопросу об информационных угрозах безопасности в органах государственной власти Российской Федерации
Authors: Липатов Ю.В.
Published: May 2022

В данной статье анализируются современные угрозы безопасности информационных систем в органах государственной власти Российской Федерации по статистическим данным крупных компаний, занимающихся сбором информации по киберпреступлениям, и пути нейтрализации их на основе современных решений за 2021 год.
Стволовые клетки в регенеративной медицине
Authors: Мирошина Ю.Д.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассматривается роль стволовых клеток в регенеративной медицине. Приводятся свойства и виды стволовых клеток, а также механизмы, поддерживающие популяцию стволовых клеток в организме. Рассматриваются источники стволовых клеток и возможности их применения в регенеративной медицине.
Построение и анализ матрицы потребительских требований к полукопчѐным колбасным изделиям
Authors: Грикшас С.А. , Егоров М.Г.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассмотрена методика построения матрицы потребительских требований («дома качества»). На основе описанной методики и результатов проведѐнного социологического опроса построена матрица потребительских требований к полукопчѐным колбасным изделиям.
Методика обучения старшеклассников решению дифференциальных уравнений
Authors: Козлов В.А. , Кариентиди Г.Н.
Published: May 2022

В статье описаны методы решения дифференциальных уравнений первого порядка. Приведенная методика может быть использована как в профильных классах общеобразовательных школ, так и в курсах математики высших учебных заведений.
Разработка архитектуры информационной системы информационной безопасности программного обеспечения корпоративных сетей предприятий
Authors: Кокурин Е.А.
Published: May 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются основные угрозы информационной безопасности программного обеспечения корпоративных сетей, отвечающей современным стандартам в аспекте разработке системы мониторинга их информационной безопасности. Описаны особенности практической реализации технологии Blockchain в процессах обеспечения информационной безопасности программного обеспечения корпоративных сетей. Разработан маршрут достижимости информационной безопасности программного обеспечения., также предлагается внедрить программный продукт для информационной безопасности программного обеспечения корпоративных сетей при использовании облачных сервисов в виде Nessus Professional.
Результаты экспертного опроса по определению значений весовых коэффициентов критериев по группам «системы оценки уровня военного образования личного состава и их служебно-должностного предназначения»
Authors: Щедловская М.В.
Published: May 2022

Проведенный на начальном этапе анализ и разработанные предложения сформировали уверенность в необходимости проведения исследований, связанных с разработкой научно-методического аппарата оценки результатов служебной деятельности, профессиональной подготовленности, морально-политических и психологических качеств личного состава Вооруженных Сил РФ. Вместе с тем, проведение исследований, опросов респондентов позволит в последующем более конкретно сформулировать критерии и показатели рейтинговой оценки личного состава Вооруженных Сил РФ, т.к. этот процесс должен осуществляться непрерывно.
История платка: от обязательной детали костюма до модного аксессуара
Authors: Музалевская Ю.Е.
Published: May 2022

Платок – один из самых популярных аксессуаров женского костюма. При помощи него создаются образы, он служит прекрасным дополнением практически к любому наряду. История этого аксессуара уходит в глубину веков. Он тесно связан как с религиозными взглядами, так и с модными тенденциями, в этом его уникальность. Автор прослеживает историю платка, ее основные моменты, особенности расцветки и способы ношения.
Compartmental spiking neuron model CSNM
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Bakhshiev Aleksandr , Demcheva Alexandra ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this work is to develop a compartment spiking neuron model as an element of growing neural networks. Methods. As part of the work, the CSNM is compared with the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire model by comparing the reactions of point models to a single spike. The influence of hyperparameters of the proposed model on neuron excitation is also investigated. All the described experiments were carried out in the Simulink environment using the tools of the proposed library. Results. It was concluded that the proposed model is able to qualitatively reproduce the reaction of the point classical model, and the tuning of hyperparameters allows reproducing the following patterns of signal propagation in a biological neuron: a decrease in the maximum potential and an increase in the delay between input and output spikes with an increase in the size of the neuron or the length of the dendrite, as well as an increase in the potential with an increase in the number of active synapses. Conclusion. The proposed compartment spiking neuron model allows to describe the behavior of biological neurons at the level of pulse signal conversion. The hyperparameters of the model allow tuning the neuron responses at fixed other neuron parameters. The model can be used as a part of spiking neural networks with details at the level of compartments of neurons dendritic trees.
Measuring cognitive potential based on the performance of tasks of various levels of complexity
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Petukhov Aleksandr , Polevaia Sofia ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Published: May 2022

Purpose of work. The article is devoted to the topic of measuring the cognitive potential of a person on the basis of the obtained experimental data in order to identify its potential capabilities, as well as to monitor their dynamics, for example, to diagnose recovery after an illness. This goal is divided in the study into two tasks, namely, to assess the cognitive potential, it is necessary to develop two algorithms: 1. Assessment of the level of cognitive complexity of tasks. 2. Systems of levels of cognitive potential for an individual. Methods. The basis of the methods is a set of experimental, including specially developed author’s, techniques, as well as mathematical methods for processing data and calculating the entered specific parameters to formalize the cognitive potential. Results. On the basis of these methods, methods (and specific formulas) are proposed for calculating the cognitive potential of an individual using experimental data and tasks of various levels of complexity. Conclusion. Within the framework of this study, a methodology for determining the value of cognitive potential was created on the basis of the theory of information images / representations, as well as a specially developed web-toolkit for objectifying cognitive skills (including the so-called softskills). This value can be useful, both in studies related to changes in cognitive abilities as a result of the influence of various internal and external factors (for example, learning, diseases, injuries, etc.), diagnostic goals (for example, with the aim of determining the speed recovery after a disease that affects cognitive activity, such as a stroke or SARS-CoV-2), and in the formation of requirements for certain work positions that significantly depend on the cognitive abilities of the individual.
“Computer metaphor”, interhemispheral asymmetry and species (spontaneous) knowledge of Homo sapiens
Authors:   Sprachbrucke e.V, Alexandrova Nina
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to supplement the discussion in the field of research and modeling of the process of cognition first with data from neuropsychology and interhemispheric asymmetry, and second with reflections on species’ (spontaneous) knowledge of Homo sapiens. I. The data of neuropsychology and interhemispheric asymmetry signify two differently directed and complementary ways of processing information and regulating the functions inherent in the brain. One of these methods is analytical computer-like information processing, which is necessary for voluntary learning, the other method provides holistic-simultaneous, imaginative, unconscious, and involuntary processing. The duality of cognitive strategies is clearly manifested in the psychological analysis of syndromes in the case of brain lesions, as well as various conditions in healthy people (for example, in the case of bilingualism). II. Biological existence, which is the basis for all other layers of life, is provided by species-specific behavior and knowledge. Presumably species knowledge manifests itself as 1 — Constant involuntary assessment of the surrounding world and adequate reactions to changes in the world: from ordinary reactions (step aside, add a step, etc.) to the ability to react without hesitation in dangerous situations. 2 — The ability to understand connections between phenomena without scientific calculations. The entire history of mankind speaks of the existence of such an ability. People survived without science and created science along the way. 3 — Deep knowledge (often without the ability to logically explain) of what is natural and useful for us as representatives of the Homo Sapiens species, and of what is unnatural and harmful. There are reasons to assume that species knowledge is the basis that determines the common behavior of people of different eras and cultures in everything related to the continuation of the family and the cultivation of a new generation. Species knowledge merges together in the process of development with the knowledge gained during training.
A ciência da Nutrição no “Novo Regime Climático”
Authors: Miller Tania Correa , Furnival Ariadne Chloe Mary
Published: May 2022

Uma das maiores preocupações da humanidade no momento atual, denominado por Bruno Latour de um “Novo Regime Climático, é o impacto negativo produzido pelas mudanças ambientais, uma vez que seus efeitos repercutem em todo o planeta. A deterioração do meio ambiente natural tem sido acompanhada de um correspondente aumento dos problemas de saúde dos indivíduos. Nos encontramos numa fase de crise de paradigma na Ciência da Nutrição, em que a mudança se torna cada vez mais necessária e urgente; o caminho que vem sendo apontado é o da ampliação das noções existentes rumo a uma visão sistêmica e holística para enfrentar os desafios e oportunidades do século XXI. Este ensaio reflexivo teórico tem como base a obra de Bruno Latour, e tem como objetivo identificar as intersecções da Ciência da Nutrição e o exercício profissional do nutricionista com a ideia da reorientação ao vetor que Latour chama de “Terrestre”, como novo ator-político no período do Antropoceno. Torna-se necessário estender o mandato da prática baseada em evidências para adotar modelos mais relacionais de pensamento crítico para a aprendizagem transformacional em nutrição, sendo uma oportunidade de colaboração para todos os profissionais da área apoiarem as pessoas a combinarem uma alimentação saudável com uma alimentação sustentável. O redirecionamento da ciência da Nutrição vai ao encontro das ideias recentes de Latour em relação a uma possível mudança do sistema de produção para o sistema de geração sintonizado com a sustentabilidade
Jak badać procesy refleksyjnej instytucjonalizacji. Propozycja ścieżki badawczej i uwagi krytyczne do badań własnych
Authors: Kubala Konrad
Published: May 2022

Artykuł poświęcony jest prezentacji autorskiej ścieżki badawczej zastosowanej do analizy procesów modernizacji refleksyjnej. W pierwszej części przedstawiam w nim znaczenie zagadnienia refleksyjnej instytucjonalizacji dla procesów reprodukcji społecznej. Następnie wyjaśniam rolę dyskursu w procesach legitymizacji określonych form ładu społecznego związanego z modernizacją refleksyjną. W etapie trzecim proponuję schemat postępowania badawczego, narzędzia badawcze oraz wysiłki przedsięwzięte w celu zaaplikowania quasi-teorii modernizacji refleksyjnej do badań własnych. Propozycję ilustruję próbką przeprowadzonych analiz. Na końcu odnoszę się do problemów, dylematów oraz nieprzezwyciężalnych trudności towarzyszących tej pracy ze szczególnym uwzględ­nieniem napięcia epistemologicznego i ontologicznego ujawniającego się w badaniach, konsekwencji doboru (bądź jego braku) grup kontrastywnych w prowadzonych badaniach oraz dylematów zwią­zanych z użytkowaniem teorii refleksyjności indywidualnej w przypadku prób badania modernizacji refleksyjnej.
The Institutional Conditions of the Life of People with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in a Residential Care Facility
Authors: Niedbalski Jakub
Published: May 2022

The paper is intended to show a system of institutional care for people with intellectual disabilities, which is characterized by a kind of ambivalence. The whole disquisition is based on two fundamental and dichotomous categories: control and subordination versus autonomy and independence. Each of these categories is connected with one of two perspectives within which a residential care facility can be captured. The first one arises from Goffman’s vision of a total institution, where a unit is presented as an objectified subject of other people’s actions, revealing a situation of isolation and personal dependence. The second perspective presents a model of relationships between the personnel and their charges; it is characterized by an individualistic approach toward the needs of people with disabilities regarding their right to autonomy and self-determination. The confrontation between these two perspectives and areas of issues is discussed in this paper.
Marketing terytorialny miasta – przykład Łowicza
Authors: Mularska-Kucharek Monika
Published: May 2022

Marketing terytorialny jest ważnym narzędziem zarządzania przestrzenią miast i regionów w okresie transformacji. Wiedza na temat promocji wpływa na ekonomię danego regionu oraz poziom życia mieszkańców. Celem Autorki jest zarysowanie koncepcji marketingu terytorialnego miasta na przykładzie działań promocyjnych, podejmowanych przez władze lokalne Łowicza.
Zgorzelec – bilans otwarcia Studium przypadku miasta transgranicznego w perspektywie przemian gospodarczych i europejskiej integracji
Authors: Belof Magdalena , Kukuła Marta , Zathey Maciej
Published: May 2022

W niniejszym opracowaniu podjęta została próba scharakteryzowania zasadniczych czynników, które miały wpływ na przemiany przestrzenne w miastach, w okresie ostatnich dwóch dekad. Przypadkiem studialnym, na którego podstawie Autorzy starali się o pewne uogólnienia, było miasto Zgorzelec. Stanowi ono przykład o tyle szczególny, że jest miastem podzielonym granicą państwową, a jego przestrzenne „dopełnienie” to niemieckie miasto Görlitz. Na dynamikę rozwoju Zgorzelca oddziałują, poza czynnikami charakterystycznymi dla wszystkich miast podobnej wielkości, także bezpośrednie relacje transgraniczne.