bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El derecho urbanístico español. Introducción a una visión crítica desde la perspectiva de la Escuela Austriaca de Economía
Authors: Azpitarte Joaquín
Published: March 2021

This paper provides an introductory analysis of the principles that inform urban planning in Spain, and shows how far removed it is from the principles of entrepreneurship, which promote freedom and the development of the potentialities of the individual. The massive body of legislation regulating city development in Spain has proven fatal to the economic prosperity of its citizens. Today, cities in Spain are the product of the most comprehensive planning imaginable (an «abuse of reason», to quote F.A. Hayek). From town planning to zoning and building volumes, every aspect is laid out in the Planes Generales de Ordenación (Comprehensive Urban Development Plans) drafted jointly by politicians and developers.
Key words: Spontaneous order, planification, limitation of resources, urban legislation, dynamic efficiency, economic calculus, property.
JEL Classification: B53, D43, D61, D73, H54, H76, H82, H83, K11, L38, O21, O38, P14, P25, P26, P35, R14, R21, R31, R38.
Resumen: El presente artículo pretende mostrar de una forma introductoria como el derecho urbanístico español se fundamenta en principios muy alejados de la función empresarial, que permite que el ciudadano desarrolle sus facultades vitales plenamente y en libertad. Estructurado en un extenso cuerpo legal, el articulado que regula el crecimiento de la ciudad, afecta de forma inexorable a su desarrollo económico y al de sus habitantes. La ciudad moderna española es una ciudad íntegramente planificada. Se trata de un caso evidente del «abuso de la razón» que denunciaba Hayek. Todos los viales, zonas edificatorias, volúmenes y usos permitidos están ya contemplados y planificados por la administración pública a través de los llamados Planes Generales de Ordenación y sus redactores.
Palabras clave: Orden espontáneo, planificación, limitación de los recursos, legislación urbanística, eficiencia dinámica, cálculo económico, propiedad.
Clasificación JEL: B53, D43, D61, D73, H54, H76, H82, H83, K11, L38, O21, O38, P14, P25, P26, P35, R14, R21, R31, R38.
Money creation and the revolution. Along the Path to Real Change
Authors: Stegeman Roddy A.
Published: March 2021

When you store your belongings in a private locker, does the owner of the locker pay you? On the contrary, you pay the owner, for he is providing you with a service called safe-keeping. In effect, the owner holds your belongings safe until you take them back. So, why is it that you accept money from a bank to hold your money for you? The obvious answer is that the bank is not holding your money; it is lending it out and rewarding you with a portion of what it collects in interest. If you are happy with this arrangement, you have likely sought out a bank in your neighborhood that provides you with the greatest return on your deposit. Unfor tunately, there are several things very wrong with this type of transaction. Most important is that you are engaging in a tran saction that is commercially unsound.
You and your bank engage in a legally non-binding agreement when, on the one hand, your bank promises to return your deposit on demand, and on the other hand, loans a portion of it to others for a specified period of time. Contractually, these two acts are incompatible, as the same money cannot be both a de-mand deposit and a loan simultaneously. Either, you deposit your money, reserve the right to de-mand it back at any moment, and pay the bank for holding it on your behalf. This is called a demand deposit. Or, you surrender your right to your money for a specific period of time, permit your bank to lend it to others, and receive interest for your risk and sacrifice. This is called a time deposit. Commercially, treating your demand deposit as money that can be loaned to others is not an
enforceable contract, for the law insists that there must be mutual assent when two parties enter into an agreement. You and the bank are simply at odds when you expect to retrieve your money at any moment on demand, and the bank lends a portion of it to others for a fixed period. Legally speaking, both parties to the transaction do not agree to the same contractual terms in the same sense.
¿Qué humos ideológicos han entrado en el Pontificio Consejo de Justicia y Paz?
Authors: Rato Antonio Pancorbo de
Published: March 2021

La última Nota que el Pontificio Consejo de Justicia y Paz ha pre - parado para estimular el debate en la próxima reunión del G20 (Cannes, 3 y 4 de noviembre de 2011) es un buen ejemplo. El título puede haber dejado atónito a más de uno (puede que incluso al mismo Papa): «Por una reforma del sistema financiero y monetario internacional en la prospectiva de una Autoridad pú -blica con competencia universal» (texto de la Nota, traducción no oficial). Una vez más, las soluciones técnicas que proponen ha - blan de más Estado. Ante la deriva que están tomando los Es - tados modernos en la promoción de la justicia y la paz, la Nota propone una «Autoridad con horizonte planetario», «dotada deestructuras y mecanismos adecuados». No lo llama «Estado Su -pra nacional», pero sí le aplica el principio de subsidiariedad, pro -pio de las relaciones de los ciudadanos con el Estado, y el símil que hace entre los individuos y los Estados con esta nueva Autoridad hacen pensar que se está proponiendo un «Estado de com -petencia planetaria».
La Doctrina Social de la Iglesia es parte de la teología moral, y no puede dar recetas de técnica política y económica. Los obis-pos, por tanto, no tienen por qué saber mucho de economía. Pero tampoco se pueden dejar aconsejar por seudoeconomistas, apren-dices de brujos con la varita mágica del poder invasivo del Es-tado que todo lo resolverá por decreto legislativo, sin esfuerzo ni trabajo.
The Mises-Hayek business cycle theory
Authors: Bunting Robyn Harte-
Published: March 2021

The Paper is an Overview of Austrian Business Cycle Theory (ABCT) phenomena it is intended to explain, economy wide crisis especially concentrated on the banking sector. A short examination of similarities and differences between Mises and Hayek, the main developers of ABCT, is then given. Finally, some policy recommendations are examined in the light of ABCT.

Key words: Financial Crisis, Business Cycle, Inflation, Saving.

JEL Classification: B53, E42, E44, E61, G01, G21, P10, P20.

Resumen: El artículo es una visión general de la Teoría Austriaca del Ciclo Económico (TACE) basada en un primer contacto con la literatura. La TACE se presenta en términos de los fenómenos que intenta explicar: crisis eco-nómicas, concentradas en el sector bancario. Después se expone una breve investigación de las semejanzas y diferencias entre Mises y Hayek, los prin - cipales contribuyentes a la TACE. El trabajo concluye con unas recomenda-ciones de política económica que se analizan a la luz de la TACE.

Palabras clave: Crisis Financiera, Ciclo Económico, Inflación, Ahorro.

Clasificación JEL: B53, E42, E44, E61, G01, G21, P10, P20.
El empresariado en un régimen socialista: el caso Venezuela
Authors: Ferrer Alejandro José Morillo
Published: March 2021

Este análisis ha sido escrito como contribución a mi país, propo-niendo al empresario venezolano algunas acciones, las cuales elaboro como si lanzara una botella desde una isla solitaria, pre-guntándome al final de cuentas sino es mi propio país el náu-frago.

Tras constatar y participar en los avatares de la población ve-nezolana, detecto con tristeza la imposibilidad de que Venezuela pueda avanzar hacia un desarrollo verdadero ni aún después del régimen impuesto por Hugo Chávez (actual Presidente), si la so-ciedad no ejecuta algún tipo de acción por sí misma. Es en este sentido que va mi propuesta.

Nuestro país ha vivido desde los años treinta del siglo pasado un intervencionismo estatal que ha sido caldo de cultivo para el socialismo que se viene tratando de imponer. Después de haber funcionado tanto tiempo un Estado interventor sobre una socie-dad permisiva de tal acción, ha surgido un grupo de poder que lleva doce años actuando con ansias totalitarias bajo el concepto de «Es-tado Comunal».

El Estado Comunal no es el final del camino sino el camino mis-mo. Se trata de implantar un «sistema centralizado de planifica-ción» a través del cual se asignan competencias y distribuyen re-cursos. Al respecto, ya en febrero del año 2010 se constituyó en Venezuela el Consejo Federal de Gobierno, presidido por el Vice-presidente e integrado por ministros, gobernadores, alcaldes y representantes populares con el fin de aplicar un «Plan de Inver-siones» que recoge las peticiones de los consejos comunales, co-munas y frentes populares y sus propuestas, de acuerdo a los line-amientos centrales de política. Pero toda esta estructura, sin base conceptual sólida, no nos dice: ¿qué es lo que se va a construir?, ¿cuál es el contenido de esa sociedad comunal?, ¿qué bienes y ser-vicios va a producir, cómo y dónde?
Politica monetaria, prezzo degli asset e ciclo immobiliare
Authors: Elnekave Gaetano
Published: March 2021

Asset prices depend on monetary policy of credit expansion. This mechanism is the trigger of economics cycle (boom and bust) that eventually leads the production structure to get narrower and to capital destruction. CBs have a dilemma: after an asset bubble explosion, doing again with policy of credit expansion (the same that produced the cycle) to fight de-flationary effects, above all in banks balance sheets, or trying to prevent the asset bubble explosion throughout QE policies, endangering real economy with inflationist pressures. That is a dilemma without solution. The solution is the elimination of CBs, the return to real money in a free market environment, with an unadulterated gold standard and the respect of traditional principles of contract in the banking sector. We need study the monetary system in terms of quality of money and not according the Quantity Theory of Money.

Key words: Monetary Policy, Asset Prices, Asset Bubbles, Business Cycles, Housing Market, Quality of Money vs Quantity of Money.

JEL Classification: E2, E21, E3, E32; E42, E5, E52, R31.

Resumen: Los precios de los activos dependen de la política monetaria de expansión. Éste mecanismo es el desencadenante del ciclo económico que lleva a un estrechamiento de la estructura productiva y a la destrucción de los bienes de capital. Los bancos centrales se encuentran frente a un dilema: tras la explosión de la burbuja, o actuar con políticas de expansión para evitar las consecuencias de la deflación monetaria en particular sobre los balances de los bancos, o intentar evitar la explosión de la burbuja con más inyección de crédito, pero con el peligro de inflación de los precios en la economía real. Se trata de un dilema sin solución. La solución para eliminar los ciclos es la desaparición de los bancos centrales, el retorno a la «mo - neda-sana», al libre mercado, al patrón oro y al respeto de los principios tradicionales del derecho en el sector bancario. El análisis hay que efectuarlo no en terminos de la cantidad ideal de dinero, sino en terminos de la «ca-lidad» del mismo.

Palabras clave: Política Monetaria, Precios de los Activos, Burbujas, Ciclos Económicos, Mercado Inmobiliario, Calidad de la Moneda vs Cantidad de la Moneda.

Clasificación JEL: E2, E21, E3, E32; E42, E5, E52, R31.
Influence of strategic planning and organizational resources on financial performance of state corporations: A case of Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited (KETRACO)
Authors: Gachara Jackson , Okeyo Washington
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Influence of strategic planning and organizational resources on the financial performance of state corporations. The
study aimed to establish the influence of strategic planning and organizational resources on the financial performance
of state corporations a case study of KETRACO with specific objectives being to examine how strategic planning and
organization resources affect financial performance. The findings will be used as a reference point to other researchers
in the same field. The study findings will be beneficial to the foundation of future studies and provided a critical
examination and the knowledge generated by this study will enable scholars to improve and develop a better
understanding of the subject. The study was anchored on adaptive leadership theory and reinforced by trait leadership
theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a target population of 385 respondents. Stratified
proportion sampling was used to select 121 respondents. Questionnaires were used for data collection, and a pilot
study was conducted on the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
The study established a strong positive relationship between strategic planning and financial performance (r= 0.548,
p=0.000), and that strategic planning significantly influences financial performance. The regression analysis revealed
a relationship R = 0.302 which showed a significant correlation and revealed that organization resources and financial
performance are significantly connected, the study established a strong positive relationship between the organization
resources and financial performance (r= 0.302, p=0.004). The study concludes that strategic planning statistically and
significantly affects financial performance and that there is a positive relation between organization resources and the
variations in financial performance can be explained by other study variables. The study recommends that KETRACO
management should develop and formulate guidelines, governing structure, and strategic plans for effective
implementation of organizational goals and objectives.
Keywords: Financial Performance, Strategic Planning, Organization Resources, Kenya Electricity Transmission
Company Limited, State Corporations in Kenya.
FRAUDULENT ACTIVITIES AND SURGE IN PUBLIC SERVICE VEHICLE
CLAIMS IN INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN KENYA
Authors: Lucinde Fabian , Magani Geofrey
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
In Kenya, all Public Service Vehicles are obligated to have third party liability cover hence motor insurance is key to the
sector. The purpose of this study was to establish determinants of rise in PSV claims with reference to the leading PSV
underwriters namely; Directline insurance company, Invesco insurance company, and Xplico insurance company.
Specific objective was to establish the effect of fraudulent activities on PSV claims in Insurance Industry in Kenya. The
study adopted a descriptive design with a sample size of 115 respondents from a target population of 382 employees.
Data was collected via a questionnaire administered through electronic media. All ethical aspects were observed. Data
was analyzed by SPSS version 21 software and the results presented in frequencies and other measurements. It was
found that fraudulent activities significantly influenced PSV claims. The study also found that the number of claims in
the sector kept rising. The study also revealed that many insured regard insurance as a victimless crime and some
engage in fraudulent activities based on widespread perception that corruption is an acceptable norm. Some employees
of insurance firms often aid outsiders in lodging false claims. False claims also arise situationally where alleged
accident victims often report pre-accident losses and defects as if sustained during the accident. To rid the sector of this
malpractice, the study recommended urgent measures be instituted by the regulator and stakeholders in the insurance
industry to proactively eradicate fraudulent activities. Partnership between PSV operators, underwriters and
stakeholders in the transport sector would greatly complement traffic rules.
Key words: Fraudulent activities, misrepresentation, surge in PSVclaims
SUPPLY CHAIN PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE AGRIBUSINESS INDUSTRY IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF AMIRAN (K) LIMITED
Authors: Muthoni Kanina , Machoka Paul
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Globally, firms in the agribusiness supply chain have found it increasingly difficult to satisfy customers due to their ever
changing demands. Firms must be quick in responding to market demands since customer requirements and market
conditions keep on changing. The study examined the effect of inventory management and assessed the effect of
collaborative relationships on organizational performance in Amiran (K) Limited. Descriptive research design was
used and a census was done involving all the workers in the five departments of Amiran (K) Limited. Both quantitative
and qualitative data was gathered and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative procedures. The study found that the
organization has adopted inventory management techniques to improve efficiency and the overall performance. The
study established that the organization is keen on collaborative relationships with suppliers and is open to sharing
information with partners. The findings revealed that inventory management plays a significant role in enabling the
organization to enjoy competitiveness and achieve operations efficiency. The study found that collaborative
relationships helps the suppliers improve products quality and there is willingness of collaboration in strategic decision
making. The study concluded that inventory management has enabled the organization to put in place proper material
handling processes and there is a significant influence of collaborative relationships and organization performance.
The study recommends that Agribusiness firms should come up with policy frameworks to facilitate the inventory
management techniques implementation. Managers should also give special attention to information sharing through
collaborative relationships in order to improve organizational performance.
Keywords: Agribusiness, Market Demands, Organizational Performance, Supply Chain.
HUBUNGAN SPIRITUALITAS DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN KELUARGA PASIEN DI RUANG INTENSIF RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2015
Authors: Novitarum Lilis
Published: March 2021

Spirituality was the unifying aspect and the aspect of integration in a person's life to nature and the Creator. A holistic approach to the spiritual function can affect human welfare. Anxiety is a feeling of fear and consciousness accompanied by physical sensations such as palpitations, shortness of breath or chest pain, this will be experienced by the patient with the family. Intensive patient's family are those who have a relationship with the patient is the father, mother, or sister who still have blood relations with patients. Goal: The purpose of this study identifies the relationship of spirituality to family anxiety levels of patients in the Intensive Space Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2015. Methods: This research uses design korelation with the type of cross-sectional research, 19 research samples using purposive sampling, data collection and analysis of data in the form of a questionnaire conducted by the Spearman rank test. Result: The survey results revealed the majority (68.4%) patients had a level of spirituality family well and most (57.9%) families of patients have mild anxiety levels. Analysis of the data showed 0.943 alpha r very reliable because the value is greater than 0.60. Based on the test Spearman rank correlation coefficient = - 0.692 obtained and p value = 0.001(p <0.05) this value indicates a strong relationship and a negative pattern means there is a significant relationship with the level of anxiety spirituality where the better the spirituality of the family, the lower anxiety experienced. Conclusion: Expected nurses can provide spiritual care to patients and families of patients in the Intensive Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan.
HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI KESERIUSAN PENYAKIT WANITA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR TENTANG INSPEKSI VISUAL ASAM ASETAT (IVA) DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN IVA UNTUK DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS DI DESA DURIN SIMBELANG KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Simorangkir Lindawati
Published: March 2021

Cervical cancer is a disease that ranked first cause of morbidity and mortality of women in Indonesia. In Durin Simbelang Village District Deli Serdang, from 100 women who tested with IVA as 2% positive for cervical cancer (higher than Glocoban International Agency Reasearch on Cancer estimates that is 0,016%). Early detection of cervical cancer can be done for free at the health center by using Visual Inspection with Acetate Acid (IVA) Goal: This study aims to determine the relationship perception of seriousness with the visual inspection with acetate acid test in Pancur batu. Methods The type of research was explanatory survey that aimed to analyze the relationship perception of seriousness on the visual inspection with acetate acid test. The population were 794 women of the reproductive age couples in Pancur Batu and the sample of 90 people were taken by simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using chi-square test on the level of 95%. Result: The results of research showed that variables which had relation with the visual inspection with acetate acid. Conclusion: Base on the result of research, it is suggested to IVA officer at the health centre to perform more intensive and continuous promotion about IVA by using methods and tools which easily understood by the women, and also coordinating with cadres and the leaders of religious meeting who could persuade women to do IVA test.
PENGARUH TERAPI MUSIK TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN PRE OPERASI DI RUANG RAWAT BEDAH RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2015
Authors: Simbolon, Pomarida , Hondro Marselina Ristini
Published: March 2021

Surgery is an invasive procedure to open up certain body parts and close it again. Plan surgery always gives discomfort, anxiety and erratic, anxious. If anxiety is not getting good treatment, then anxiety will worsen and impact the unpreparedness of patients undergoing surgery. Music therapy is one of non-pharmacological methods to reduce the level of anxiety, the music can provide comfort, serenity will make the patient more relax so that someone more calm in the face of something. Goal: The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of music therapy on anxiety levels in patients with preoperative surgical Santa Elisabeth’s Hospital Medan 2015. Methods: This research used experimental design, with methods one-group pre-post test design. Samples are 20 respondents, using purposive sampling technique. The instruments that used in this research was sheets of questionnaire of Anxiety Levels. The analysis data was performed by Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test p<0.05. Result: By the results of researched show that before the intervention to 65% experiencing severe anxiety, 35% had moderate anxiety. After the intervention found 90% experiencing moderate anxiety, 10% experienced mild anxiety. Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test results obtained value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results showed that there is influence of music therapy on anxiety levels in patients with preoperative surgical in Santa Elisabeth’s Hospital Medan. It is suggested to nurses, patients and families should be known and apply the music therapy because it is can reduce the anxiety level preoperative Surgical.
HUBUNGAN PERAN SERTA ORANG TUA DENGAN DAMPAK HOSPITALISASI PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DI RUANGAN SANTA THERESIA RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN 2015
Authors: Sinurat Samfriati
Published: March 2021

The hospitalization is a full of stress experience both for children and for parents. The intervention of parent is needed to minimize the impact of hospitalization. Goal: this study aimed to analyze the relationship between the intervention of the parents and the impact of hospitalization on children of preschool-age who were treated in kid room of Saint Theresa Saint Elizabeth Hospital Medan. Method:The method used in this research is descriptive analytic research with cross sectional approach, the total sample were 40 people were taken by purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using questionnaires intervention of parents and the impact of hospitalization compiled by Abdulbaki (2011) and later modified by the researcher, then re-tested for validity and reliability. The study was conducted early August until the end of October 2015. Result:The results of the analysis using Chi Square Test showed statistically significant correlation between the participation of parents with the impact of hospitalization on preschoolers with value 0:02 p values (p <0.05). This study founded 62.5% the intervention of parents was good and 60% of hospitalization impact on preschoolers was light. Conclusion:This study provides information that parents need to enhance their intervention of parents in caring for preschool children in order to minimize the impact of hospitalization on children.
PERILAKU IBU TERHADAP KEJADIAN PENYAKIT CAMPAK DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LABUHAN DELI KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG SUMATERA UTARA TAHUN 2016
Authors: Ambarita Bernadetta
Published: March 2021

Measles is a contagious disease that poses a health problem in infants and children in Indonesia and is a disease that can be prevented by immunization, measles immunization managed to lose 15.6 million (75%) of measles deaths worldwide .In Puskesmas Labuhan Deli immunization against measles in 2014 has almost reached the target of 89.6% whereas in 2015 measles immunization rates of 98.6%, the incidence of measles in 2014 does not exist, but in 2015 the measles of 4 people. Goals : The purpose of research To analyze the Behavior Mothers Against Measles disease events in Puskesmas Kecamatan Labuhan Deli Serdang 2016. Methods : The method used qualitative phenomenological approach. Subject of research that mothers of children with measles who are domiciled in the District Labuhan Deli 2016 with data collection snowball sampling. Data were collected through interviews and documentation study. Data analysis Colaizzi approach. Result : The results showed maternal knowledge about measles is still low. Mother's attitude toward the incidence of measles 2 positive outlook and 2 negative view .Action mother in the incidence of measles is not in accordance with the handling of measles. Conclution : Based on the research, suggested to the family to provide support to mothers in order to pay more attention to their children's health, and the health professionals in order to provide education on immunization against measles and measles.
PENGEMBANGAN FASILITAS PERTUMBUHAN SPIRITUAL PASIEN DI UNIT HEMODIALISA RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN
Authors: Lumban Gaol Rusmauli
Published: March 2021

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of Spiritual Growth Facilitation (SGF) is developed to increase patients’ spirituality. The SOP which develops intervention in SGF has to be carried out by nurses, especially in the Hemodialysis Unit of Santa Elizabeth Hospital, Medan. This research used to deployment Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Nurse intervention that carry patien who is undergoing hemodialys. The research used action research method with with consisted of the stages of reconnaissance, planning, acting, observing,and reflecting. The data were gathered by conducting FGD, distributing quetionnaires, and participant observation. Therewere 10hemodialysis nurse as the participants. The gathered data wereanalyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitatively data is get from the result of FGD and the result of observation. While the qualitatively data that gatherd from qusetionnaire deployment. This research showed Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of Spiritual Growth Facilitation that being a model of doing enchancement patient spiritual intervantion who is undergoing hemodialys in hemodialysis unit of Santa Elisabeth Medan. And the possitive impact for knowledge,skills, and act to carry patient who is undrgoing hemodialys. Researcher ask to management of Santa Elizabeth Medan to keep do supervition to elevation contribution SOP in hemodialys Santa Elizabeth Medan.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DALAM PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN INFEKSI DI RUANGAN INTERNIS RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN
Authors: Panjaitan Jolly Wilthon , Simbolon Nagoklan
Published: March 2021

Pulmonary Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that attacks the lung parenchyma, caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease can also spread to other body parts such as meninges, kidneys, bones and lymph nodes of pulmonary TB is a big problem for developing countries including Indonesia As most developing countries do. Almost all adult residents have been infected by TB bacilli in easy times, since most pulmonary TB disease in this country is caused by bacilli that undergo reactivity Goals : To know the description of the patient's knowledge of TBC Lung prevention transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis infection in the internal room At Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. Method: type of rancanagn case study used is descriptive number of subjects is as much as 9 0rang data collection in the form of questionnaires after that done scoring data is presented in the form of tables and distribution frequency Results: From the case study the frequency distribution of respondents based on the use of the questionnaire. From the case study conducted (seen in table 4.1) that more male sex is 9 people (100%) and female 0 (0%). From this case study, the result is good.. Conclusion: Based on the results of the case studies described above, the authors conclude the case study results that the level of education greatly influences the patient's knowledge in preventing transmission of TB disease. It is evident that the level of education of the upperand upper-secondary patients with the highest proportion of case studies ( 55,5%) know the mode of transmission of infection prevention.
GAMBARAN PELAKSANAAN FISIOTERAPI DADA TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN PNEUMONIA PASIEN TERPASANG VENTILATOR DI RUANGAN INTENSIF RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN.
Authors: Manik Erna , Situmorang Paska R
Published: March 2021

.Associated Ventilator Pneumonia (VAP) is a pneumonia that occurs > 48 -72 hours, and the second cause of Health Associated Infection (HAI). The study revealed10% - 20% of patients attached to the ventilator developed into pneumonia. Surveillance shows HAI pneumonia causing death by about 10%. Currently, there is no definite research on the number of VAP incidents in Indonesia. However, research at Dr. Rumkital. The prediction of the number of patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) installed is 148 people and 100 people died with pneumonia. One of the management of nursing patients is ventilator and pneumonia is to do chest physiotherapy. This case study was conducted especially in patients attached to intensive ventilator (ICU). Goals: The Objective of this case study is to determine the description of the implementation of chest physiotherapy on prevention of pneumonia patients by using ventilator in intensive room at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. Method : This case study is in descriptive design by using 20 respondents ie nurses in the ICU room using evaluation sheets and using informed consent sheets as a form of approval. The results of the case study is to illustrate that the implementation of chest physiotherapy performed in the ICU room with good category of 65%, enough 25%, and less 10%. Result : The results of this case study, not much different from the results of previous research by Hendra that was VAP occurred 70% according to the procedure and 40% of custom room SOP. Conclusion : Chest physiotherapy is one of the nursing interventions to prevent the occurrence of VAP.
EVALUASI MANFAAT OLAHRAGA JALAN SANTAI TERHADAP KESEHATAN FISIK DAN MENTAL DI THEOLOGIA SURYA NUSANTARA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Sumantrie Pipin
Published: March 2021

Health is a very valuable capital, awareness of the value of this increasing adult health, where a lot of people willing to spend a huge amount of money to gain health.One of getting health care is to execute the exercise, the type of sports that are easily and safely recommended to all people, that sports a relaxing stroll.Because to do this kind of exercise does not require special skills and talents, as well as the usual done by everyone, both kids up to parent Methods: this research is a descriptive approach using correlation through measurement /hubungan Association (measures of association).As for the sample in this research is the Theological students Surya Nusantara Pematangsiantar with engineering Acidential the sample amounted to 20 people. Results: from the research found that the physical for the respondents who "walk" with a value of significan sistol 0.03, 0.01, 0.00 pulse diastol.And "rarely relaxed way" with a value of significan sistol 0.05, 0.03, 0.02 pulse diastol.And the resulting percentage to mental "rarely" with a value of percentage of 61.5%, and on the respondents who "often" with a value of percentage of 96.4%, thus found the presence of sports influence stroll against the physical and mental health. Conclusion: health is one of the main factors that affect the fitness of body and appearance, as well as the most valuable treasure that never exchanged by anything, then it is recommended to people to set aside time to do the motion body by doing sports a relaxing stroll.Because in a healthy body there is a healthy soul.
HUBUNGAN KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK PERAWAT DENGAN KEPUASAN KLIEN INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT RUMAH SAKIT ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2018
Authors: Sinurat Samfriati , Novitarum Lilis , Halawa Iman Bahagia
Published: March 2021

Emergency Installation (IGD) is one of the main lines of help to clients. Therapeutic communication is required in dealing with clients with emergency situations. Therapeutic communication is the most important factor used to establish therapeutic relationships between nurses and clients.Goals : The purposed of this research to analyze therapeutic communication relationship of nurse with client satisfaction at IGD RS Santa Elisabeth Medan.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach with accidental sampling technique of 94 respondents.Result : Based on Fisher's Exact Test with p value = 0,018 <0,05 meaning there is significant relation between therapeutic communication of nurse with Client satisfaction at Emergency Installation of Santa Elisabeth Medan Hospital.Conlcution : To improve the excellent service to clients, it is expected that nurses will apply therapeutic communication and improve their skills to communicate by attending training or seminars.
PENGARUH RELAKSASI OTOT PROGRESIF TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI DUSUN IV TANJUNG ANOM MEDAN TAHUN 2018
Authors: P Indra Hizkia , Siallagan Ance , Hulu Mega Tresna
Published: March 2021

Hypertension in the elderly is characterized by an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 140/90 mmHg persistently and often occurs in ± 55 years old elderly. Progressive Muscle Relaxation is one technique that can relax muscle tension and create a relaxed feeling that can lower blood pressure. Goals : This study aims to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on blood pressure decrease in elderly with hypertension in Dusun IV Tanjung Anom Medan Year 2018. Methods : The design used design is one group pretest and post test design with purposive sampling method that is 28 respondents elderly who are in Dusun IV Tanjung Anom Medan. The Instruments used for taking data were SOP, observation sheet, stethoscope, sphygmomanometer Result : Data analysis showed the result of pre intervention blood pressure mostly on 1st degree of hypertension 16 people (57,1%) and post intervention mostly on 2 prehypertension were 13 people (46,4%). The result of Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test statistic shows that p = 0,000 (p <0,05) means the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on blood pressure drop in elderly with hypertension in Dusun IV Tanjung Anom Medan Year 2018. Conclutions : The result of this study is expected elderly able to apply this progressive muscle relaxation routinely.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG IMUNISASI DASAR PADA BAYI USIA 0-9 BULAN DI LINGKUNGAN II KELURAHAN SIMALINGKAR B KEC. MEDAN TUNTUNGAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Simamora Hetty Gustina , Simamora Hetty Gustina
Published: March 2021

Immunization is a way to increase a person's immunity to a disease, so that if it is exposed to the disease later it does not become sick. Goals of this study was to determine the description of maternal knowledge about the types of basic immunization, the benefits of basic immunization and the schedule of immunization. Method This research method was a descriptive study. The population was mothers who has babies aged 0-9 months.Sample was 38 people. Sampling used total sampling technique. The Results of this study indicated that of the 38 respondents most knowledgeable about the types of basic immunization with a number of 19 respondents (50%), knowledgeable about the benefits of basic immunization with a total of 21 respondents (55.26%) and knowledgeable about basic immunization schedules with a total of 18 respondents (47.37%). Conclusions for mothers who had toddlers should bring their babies to obtain basic immunizations according to their baby's age regularly and to health workers so that the implementation of programs such as health education on basic immunization is often done so that mothers become familiar, who did not know to know
FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGETAHUAN IBU PUS DALAM PEMAKAIAN KB DEPO MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ASETAT DI HENI KASIH MEDAN 2018
Authors: Sinabariba Merlina
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the Family Planning program is to create "Quality Families". Family Planning is an effort to increase the awareness and participation of urban society through Maturatingthe Age Marriage (PUP), Controlling birth, Fostering family resilience, Improving the welfare of small families. One of the contraceptives used by the community is the 3-month injection hormonal contraception, DMPA (DEPOT MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE). Depotmedroxyprogesterone acetate is a contraceptive which contains 25 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate and 5 mg Estradiol Cypionate called Cyclophem. This DMPA contraceptive injection is given every 3 months and must be injected in a deep intramuscular injections in the buttocks area. This medroxyprogesterone Acetate contraceptive injection has high effectiveness if it is carried out regularly according to a predetermined schedule. Methods : This research is descriptive which uses primary data through questionnaires distributed to all 3-month injectable family planning acceptors. Sampling in total population with a total of 33 respondents. Results: According to the results of the research based on the knowledge,out of 33 respondents, (39%) were knowledgeable enough and (27%) were less knowledge. Based on education, the majority had high school education with (66%), and a minority had a higher education/collegewith (3%). Based on the occupation, the majority of respondents (63%) were housewives, and self-employement were the minoritywith (36%). Based on parity, the majority (64%) had 2 children, and a minority (21%) had>3 children. Based on the economy, the majority (33%) out of 33 respondents earn <2,000,000. Based on sources of information, the majority (96%) of the environment and minority (6%) are from electronic media. Based on the age of the majority (94%) were 20-35 years old and a minority (6%) were > 35 years old. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the result of the resarch, the health workers are expected to notifyprospective family planning acceptors about 3 month injections of family planning.
KARATERISTIK RESILIENSI PADA PASIEN HIV DI KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Ginting Friska
Published: March 2021

Human Immuno deficiency Virus (HIV) is a disease that requires an bio-psychosocio- spiritual approach. The life of an HIV sufferer is very dependent on the surrounding environment. The most dominant influence on HIV sufferers is healthy behavioral, psychological and physical functions of others' ability to be able to accept the attitudes and behavior of others to support the social life of HIV sufferers. Viewed from the sex, women are more vulnerable and more sensitive in accepting the conditions they suffer. HIV has become a pandemic that causes world anxiety. Individuals who suffer from HIV positive with high resilience will have more enthusiasm for life. Method: This type of research is an analytic survey research using descriptive design that aims to identify resilience in HIV sufferers. The population in this study were 90 people with HIV diagnoses, both men and women in Karo District, while the sample for this study was based on sample criteria. Results: The results obtained from the frequency distribution table showed that the majority of HIV sufferers' work history were 18 people (58.0%), 11 drivers (35.5) and 2 (6) housewives (IRT) 5%). Based on the sex of the female as many as 20 people (64.5%) and the male sex as many as 11 people (35,%), from the age of the patients found 25-35 years as many as 25 people (80.6%), aged 36-45 years as many as 5 people (16.1%) and ≥ 46 years old as many as 1 person (3.3%). And the highest level of education is at the high school level of 25 people (54.3%). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that HIV sufferers consult more often about physical and psychological conditions at the nearest health center.
JENIS-JENIS JAMUR MAKROSKOPIS KELOMPOK DIVISIO BASIDIOMYCETES DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA BUKIT BARISAN TONGKOH KABUPATEN KARO SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Napitupulu David Sumanto , Situmorang Paska Ramawati
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Mycology is one of subject Medical Laboratoty Tecnology Study Program..Some of students especially Medical Laboratory TechnologyStudy Program are not familiar with macroscopic fungi. So far, they know about macroscopic fungi from several sources such as:the internet and reserach journals. Add more, mushroom habitat in North Sumatera is very good for its growth, it is worth doing research to determine the types of macroscopic fungi that live and grow in it. Method:The researchmethod used isCruise method.There are two observation stations with 4 point route cruises. The fungal samples found were analyzed by descriptive method (Mueller et al., 2004). Fungal specimens are collected and identified in the field and laboratory. Basidiomycetes identification using several macroscopic fungal identification books like David Arora (1986) dan Simon & Schuster’s (1979)and thesis and journals on macroscopic fungi. Data analysis was done descriptively, the data from the identification results are tabulated and presented in tabular form. Result: Based on the results of research that has been done, obtained 49 types of macroscopic fungi that are included in the Basidiomycetes.Discussion: Macroscopic fungi usually found in hygrophyte habitats are the Basidiomycetes group of fungi. Basidiomycetes found were 5 orders, 17 families and 49 spesies. The most common species of fungi are members of the Order of Agaricales which consists of 29 species and the Order of Aphyllophorales of 15 species. This is because the Agaricales and Aphyllophorales groups have the ability to adapt well compared to other orders. The families that had the highest percentage of species were the Tricholomataceae and Polyporaceae families. This fungus is easy to find because it can grow in various habitats.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN HIPERTENSI PADA KEHAMILAN DI KLINIK PRATAMA ZR ROMAULI TAHUN 2020
Authors: S R. Oktaviance. , Br Sitepu Aprilita
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The pregnancy period begins with the union of spermatozoa and ova and continues with nidation or implantation. If calculated from the time of fertilization until the birth of a baby, a normal pregnancy will take place within 40 weeks or 9 months according to international calendar. Hypertension in pregnancy is hypertension that occurs when pregnancy lasts at the womb minggu20 weeks of age. There are many risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy, which can be grouped, namely primigravida, primipaternity, hyperplacentosis, age 35 years, family history of having preeclampsia / eclampsia, large placental period (gameli, trophoblastic disease), obesity and kidney diseases and hypertension with hypertension. had existed before pregnancy (Sarwono, 2018). Method: The purpose of this study was to determine the description of factors of knowledge, age and physical activity in pregnant women about hypertension in pregnancy in ZR Romauli clinic. This type of research is descriptive conducted in the village of bawodobara. The population of all pregnant women check up in ZR Romauli clinic, a sample of 45 respondents. The sampling technique is total sampling. Data collection uses primary data with a questionnaire. Data analysis using univariate analysis for frequency distribution.. Result: The results of the study of the level of knowledge about pregnancy hypertension showed that the majority of respondents in Bawodobara village had sufficient knowledge (50%), when viewed from the age factor, it showed that most pregnant women in Bawodobara village were in productive age, 20 - 35 years old (75%) and from the activity factor Physical analysis performed by pregnant women is that ZR Romauli clinic shows that most of them have strenuous activities (40%). Discussion: From this study, the researchers concluded that health workers must increase the knowledge and insight of pregnant women who are hypertensive in pregnancy and those who are not hypertensive in pregnancy, namely by conducting counseling / extension signs of hypertension in pregnancy.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA-SISWI KELAS X-XI DI SMA NEGERI 4 KOTA SORONG
Authors: Siagian Jenni Lilis , Rahman Irfandi
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Many students learn less focus both at home and at school. The results of interviews with 10 students of class X-XI Sorong 4 Public High School, 50% said that the learning system at home is free, not noticed by parents or family members at home, if there is homework, the process is sometimes at home and not rarely done at school, after returning from school usually directly playing with school friends and neighbors. Method: This type of research is analytic descriptive with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Sorong City High School 4 in February 2020. The population in this study were all students of class X-XI in Sorong City High School 4. The total sample of 74 people with the sampling technique is total sampling. The study was conducted using a questionnaire instrument. The data obtained were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment test, at a 95% confidence level.Result: Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that there is an influence of parental support, intrinsic motivation and learning facilities on the learning achievement of students of the X-XI class of SMA Negeri 4, Sorong City. Discussion: Children who get full support from parents will be more motivated and motivated to study harder, while children who lack support from parents will feel that they are not useful so that the enthusiasm for learning is absent, and the desire to increase their potential is absent. Parents need to pay attention to children, especially when the child is still in adolescence, this time the child needs attention to find the identity that will take the child in the future. The intrinsic motivation of students is on average good though not good on all the questions asked. Intrinsic learning motivation of students will increase self-awareness to learn well with goals essentially, not only look good or to get attention, and this will have an impact on student achievement well and vice versa. Learning facilities can affect learning achievement, this can be seen from the teaching and learning facilities in school classrooms, tables, chairs, blackboards are well cared for. This situation illustrates that students assume that learning facilities in schools are very important so that together students and teachers take care of existing learning facilities. Likewise, learning facilities at home students have literature books to use when studying on their own.