bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in poultry and impact of biosecurity practices
Authors:   Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh., Meher Mirza Mienur , Bayazid Abdullah Al ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh, Harun Anas Bin ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh., Afrin Marya ,   Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
Published: November 2024

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection is considered as one of the significant problems for the poultry industry in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study was to determine the seroprevalence of MG in poultry (layer, broiler, and Sonali) and the impact of biosecurity strategies. The study was carried out in the Mymensingh and Gazipur districts of Bangladesh from January to September 2021. A total of 338 serum samples were considered for the Serum Plate Agglutination (SPA) test. Findings indicated 56.80% overall seroprevalence, and comparatively, Mymensingh had a greater seroprevalence (59.02%) than Gazipur (54.19%). The highest seroprevalence (63.87%) was observed in layers, whereas 56.55% and 45.95% were in broilers and Sonali, respectively. Considering the seasonal variation, winter seasons had a considerably (p<0.05) higher chance of seroprevalence than summer, indicated by 83.33% and 68.35% in layer and broiler, respectively. Flock size has a meaningful (p<0.01) impact on MG seroprevalence established by the higher seroprevalence (79.41%) in layer birds of flock sizes >2000 to <2500. In logistic regression, MG seroprevalence was significantly (p<0.01) less like to occur where the farm had concrete floor (OR=0.446; 95% CI: 0.268-0.745), distance >1000 meters from nearby farms (OR=0.485; 95% CI: 0.289-0.812), used disinfectant regularly (OR= 0.362; 95% CI: 0.214-0.614), controlled the rodents (OR=0.374; 95% CI: 0.222-0.63), controlled the visitors (OR=0.553; 95% CI: 0.331-0.926), had well ventilation (OR=0.300; 95% CI: 0.178-0.503) and cleaned the waterer-feeder regularly (OR=0.518; 95% CI: 0.307-0.876). In short, reducing the sources of contamination and transmission by ensuring strict biosecurity measures could be the strategy for controlling MG seroprevalence.
Hydroxyurea-related ileocecal region ulcers as a rare complication: A case report
Authors: Yuan Wen-Jin , Zheng Yi-Juan , Zhang Bing-Rong , Lin Yi-Jie , Li You , Qiu Yan-Yan , Yu Xue-Ping
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Hydroxyurea, an antimetabolite, is frequently prescribed for various hematological disorders, and its common side effects include gastrointestinal problems, cutaneous or mucosal lesions and pyrexia/fever.

CASE SUMMARY

This study reports the case of a 67-year-old woman who developed recurrent abdominal pain after 10 years of continuous hydroxyurea therapy for primary thrombocythemia. Colonoscopy revealed an ileocecal ulcer. After discontinuing hydroxyurea therapy for 6 months, follow-up colonoscopy showed a significant reduction in the ulceration.

CONCLUSION

We consider cecal ulcers as a rare complication of hydroxyurea therapy which typically resolves upon stopping the drug.
Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides tablets combined with Western medicine for patients with rheumatic immune diseases
Authors: Shu Hang , Chen Xiao-Yu , Zhao Jie , Li Pin , Sun Zhen
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Rheumatic immune diseases are a group of chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by joint and systemic multi-organ involvement, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjogren’s syndrome, among others. The pathogenesis of these diseases is related to the abnormal activation and regulatory imbalance of the immune system. The prevalence and morbidity of rheumatic immune diseases are high, imposing a significant burden on patients' quality of life and socio-economic costs. Currently, the treatment of rheumatic immune diseases mainly relies on Western medicine, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biologics. However, the therapeutic effects of Western medicine are not ideal, some patients poorly respond or are resistant to Western medicine, and long-term use often causes various adverse reactions.

AIM

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides tablets combined with Western medicine in the treatment of patients with rheumatic immune diseases.

METHODS

This study conducted a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides tablets combined with Western medicine for patients with rheumatic immune diseases. Chinese and English databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of rheumatic immune diseases with Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides tablets combined with Western medicine. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

RESULTS

The meta-analysis included 11 RCTs involving 1026 patients with rheumatic immune diseases. The combined treatment significantly reduced the risk of disease recurrence (relative risk = 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.15, P < 0.05) and showed no significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%, P = 0.53), indicating that Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides tablets combined with Western medicine is an effective method to reduce the possibility of postoperative recurrence in patients with rheumatic immune diseases. However, due to the limited number and quality of the studies included, these results should be interpreted with caution.

CONCLUSION

Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides tablets combined with Western medicine is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with rheumatic immune diseases and can be considered a clinical choice. However, more high-quality research is needed to validate this conclusion and provide more solid evidence for clinical practice.
Multidimensional characteristics are associated with pain severity in osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Yue Chen , Xue Zhang , Cheng Yan , Sun Chaojun , Liu Youwen , Xu Bin , Guo Jiayi
Published: November 2024

Aims

Pain is the most frequent complaint associated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), but the factors contributing to such pain are poorly understood. This study explored diverse demographic, clinical, radiological, psychological, and neurophysiological factors for their potential contribution to pain in patients with ONFH.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was carried out according to the “STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology” statement. Data on 19 variables were collected at a single timepoint from 250 patients with ONFH who were treated at our medical centre between July and December 2023 using validated instruments or, in the case of hip pain, a numerical rating scale. Factors associated with pain severity were identified using hierarchical multifactor linear regression.

Results

Regression identified the following characteristics as independently associated with higher pain score, after adjustment for potential confounders: Association Research Circulation Osseous classification stage IIIa or IIIb, bone marrow oedema, grade 3 joint effusion, as well as higher scores on pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and central sensitization. The final model explained 69.7% of observed variance in pain scores, of which clinical and radiological factors explained 37%, while psychological and neurophysiological factors explained 24% and demographic factors explained 8.7%.

Conclusion

Multidimensional characteristics jointly contribute to the severity of pain associated with ONFH. These findings highlight the need to comprehensively identify potential contributors to pain, and to personalize management and treatment accordingly.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(11):673–681.
O CONCEITO DE ESTRANHAMENTO EM LUKÁCS
Authors: Bruna da Silva Duarte  , Laurenio Leite Sombra
Published: November 2024

A história da humanidade no âmbito social sempre foi marcada por grandes transformações. Durante a passagem do ser humano primitivo, escravista, feudal e capitalista, destaca-se a relação homem-trabalho como agente transformador de novas vias da sociedade, principalmente na divisão de classes.
Teachers Reported Knowledge, Skills, and Usefulness of Professional Development on the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction
Authors: Matusevich Hunter A. , Shogren Karrie A. , Raley Sheida K. , Lane Kathleen Lynne , Frey Bruce B.
Published: November 2024

Understanding the impacts of professional development (PD) on teachers’ perceptions of their knowledge, skills, and usefulness (KSU) of evidence-based practices is important, particularly for self-determination interventions in inclusive, secondary classrooms. Limited research exists examining the impacts of self-determination intervention PD on teachers’ learning outcomes. In this study, we analyzed the impacts of PD on the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI) delivered during a 3-year research project on trained teachers’ self-reported KSU of self-determination. Results suggested there were positive impacts on teachers’ KSU of self-determination after PD. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Identification of gully erosion activity and its influencing factors: A case study of the Sunshui River Basin
Authors: Fan Fengjie , Gu Xingli , Luo Jun , Zhang Bin , Liu Hui , Yang Haiqing , Wang Lei
Published: November 2024

Gully erosion is one of the most severe forms of land degradation and poses a serious threat to regional food security, biodiversity, and human survival. However, there are few methods for the quantitative evaluation of gully activity, and the relationships between gully activity and influencing factors require further in-depth study. This study takes the Sunshui River Basin, as a case study. Based on field investigation, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography and remote sensing images, 71 typical gullies were identified. The vegetation coverage (VC), slope and main-branch gully ratio (MBGR) were used as evaluation indicators, and the gully activity was calculated using the fuzzy mathematics membership degree and then evaluated quantitatively. The factors influencing different active gullies were also analyzed. The results showed that (1) the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can be used to identify gully activity. Different levels of gully activity were defined based on the gully activity index. The active indices of stable gullies ranged from 0–0.25, those of semiactive gullies ranged from 0.25–0.75, and those of active gullies ranged from 0.75–1. (2) The activity indices of the 71 gullies ranged from 0.054 to 0.999, with an average value of 0.656. There are 31 active gullies, and 31 semiactive gullies. A total of 87.32% of the gullies in the study area were in the early or middle stage of gully development. Gully erosion was intense, which is consistent with the serious reality of soil erosion. (3) Gully activity was affected by multiple factors. It was significantly positively correlated with topographic relief (TR) (r = 0.64, P<0.01) and surface curvature (SC) (r = 0.51, P<0.01), while it was significantly negatively correlated with land use type (LUT) (r = -0.5, P<0.01). Surface roughness (SR) (r = 0.2, P<0.01) was positively correlated with gully activity; but not significantly. There was no significant correlation between aspect (As) and gully activity. The results of this study are helpful for quantitatively determining the level of gully activity and understanding the development process and mechanism controlling gullies, providing a reference for research on related regions and geomorphologic information.
Comparing college students’ mood states among immersive virtual reality, non-immersive virtual reality, and traditional biking exercise
Authors: Liu Wenxi , McDonough Daniel J. , Gao Zan
Published: November 2024

Objectives

This study examined differences in young adults’ mood states during immersive virtual reality (VR), non-immersive VR, and traditional exercise biking sessions.

Design

Repeated-measure study design.

Methods

Forty-nine college students (34 females; Mage = 23.6 years) completed three separate 20-minute exercise biking sessions: (1) immersive VR biking using the PlayStation 4 + VirZoom VR bike; (2) non-immersive VR biking using the Gamercize bike + Xbox 360; and (3) traditional stationary biking using the Spirit Fitness XBU55. Participants’ mood states (anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension, and vigor) were assessed by using the Brunel Mood Scale after each session.

Results

Statistically significant differences were observed between biking sessions for all components of mood [F (2, 96) = 3.84–278.56, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.07–0.85], except for tension (p > 0.05). Results indicated non-immersive VR biking yielded significantly higher anger compared to immersive VR biking; non-immersive VR biking yielded significantly higher confusion compared to immersive VR biking and traditional biking, respectively; immersive VR biking yielded significantly lower depression compared to traditional biking; both immersive VR biking and non-immersive VR biking yielded significantly lower fatigue compared to traditional biking; and immersive VR biking yielded significantly higher vigor compared to non-immersive VR biking) and traditional biking, respectively.

Conclusion

Findings suggested the immersive VR-based biking exercise may facilitate in reducing the negative feelings, such as anger, fatigue, depression, and improving positive feeling, such as vigor, among college students. The immersive VR-based exercise appeared to be a feasible approach for motivating college students participating in physical activity and improving overall mood states.
Association between dietary niacin intake and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among American middle-aged and older individuals: A cross-section study
Authors: Shi Yushan , Pu Shuangshuang , Zhang Chunlai , Xu Kanghong , Guo Xuxiao , Gao Wei
Published: November 2024

Background

The attention towards the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and dietary intake is escalating. However, the effects of dietary niacin on COPD in middle and older individuals remains unclear. This study aimed to illuminate the connection between dietary niacin intake and COPD.

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed 7,170 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 2013 to 2018. Participants were categorized into four groups based on quartiles of dietary niacin intake. To examine the association between covariates, dietary niacin intake, and COPD, we employed univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression equations. Additionally, restricted cubic splines were utilized to assess linearity. Furthermore, we conducted stratified and interaction analyses to evaluate the stability of the relationship in diverse subgroups.

Results

Among the 7,170 participants, 11.6% (834/7170) were diagnosed with COPD. The multivariable adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for COPD were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.77–1.19, p = 0.706), 0.78 (95% CI: 0.62–0.99, p = 0.038), and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.57–1.00, p = 0.047), respectively, when comparing the second, third, and fourth quartiles of niacin intake levels to the lowest quartile (p for trend = 0.017). An inverse association was observed between the occurrence of COPD and dietary niacin intake (nonlinear: p = 0.347). Stratified analyses revealed no significant differences or interactions.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest a potential link between increased dietary niacin intake and a decreased prevalence of COPD.
Single-cell sequencing reveals transcriptional dynamics regulated by ERα in mouse ovaries
Authors: Hu Qicai , Gui Yiqian , Cao Congcong , Xie Jun , Tang Huiru
Published: November 2024

Context: Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a key regulator of reproductive function, particularly in ovarian development and function, yet the specifics of its role at the molecular level remain unclear. Aims: The study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ERα-regulated transcriptional dynamics in ovarian cells using ERα knockout (αERKO) mice created via CRISPR/Cas9. Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to compare transcriptomes from individual ovarian cells in both wild type and αERKO mice. Bioinformatics analyses identified distinct cell populations and their transcriptional profiles post ERα deletion. Key Results: Distinct oocyte and granulosa cell populations were identified, with ERα deletion disrupting the regulation of genes linked to ovarian infertility, the ovulation cycle, and steroidogenesis. Greb1 expression in granulosa cells was found to be ERα-dependent. Conclusions: ERα deletion significantly alters the transcriptional landscape of ovarian cells, affecting genes and pathways central to ovarian function and the ovulation process. Implications: The findings provide an in-depth, single-cell view of ERα’s role in the reproductive system, offering insights that may lead to novel treatments for ovarian disorders.
Assessment of scabies and its associated factors in Hawassa Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dejen Philmon , Girma Mekonnen , Chernet Adane , Vaz Nery Susana , Shimelis Techalew
Published: November 2024

Background

Scabies is a common but neglected skin disease caused by the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Globally, the disease affects more than 400 million people. Although Ethiopia is a high-burden country for scabies, its epidemiology has not been well assessed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of scabies, clinical features, and associated risk factors in the communities of the Hawassa Zuria District of the Sidama Region, southern Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September through November 2023 in the Hawassa Zuria District. A multistage random sampling technique was applied to enrol 511 participants. The International Alliance for Control of Scabies Diagnostic Criteria was used for examination. The data were collected electronically using the Open Data Kit application through a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Analysis was performed using STATA software. The binary logistic regression analyses model was used to assess the association between each independent variable and scabies prevalence. During the bivariate logistic regression analyses a variable with a p-value of < 0.25 was a candidate for multivariable logistic regression analyses. In multivariable logistic regression analyses the odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance.

Results

The median age of the study participants was 19 years (interquartile range: 11–32 years), and 52.6% of the participants were females. The overall prevalence of scabies was 6.3% (95% CI 4.3–8.7%). The majority of individuals with scabies had a moderate degree of severity. The most frequent lesions were intensely itchy papules, vesicles, and pustules that appeared in the interdigital space, flexor wrist surfaces, and elbow. Males were more likely to have scabies [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.57; 95% CI: 1.10–6.00] than females were and it was not influenced by age. The risk of scabies was higher for households with low (AOR = 3.88; 95% CI: 1.01–14.91) and middle-class wealth index (AOR = 4.43; 95% CI: 1.13–17.33), as well as for individuals residing in households with an overcrowding index >1.5 (AOR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.13–6.18), in those individuals who washed their hands with water only (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI: 1.23–7.24), in those who used an unimproved water source (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI: 1.25–7.06) and in those who slept on the floor (AOR = 2.70; 95% CI: 1.17–6.18).

Conclusion

The observed moderate presence of scabies in the study area stresses the need to strengthen disease management efforts, improve wealth, reduce overcrowding, ensure clean water access, and promote better hygiene practices to reduce the spread of scabies.
Modeling the Health and Wealth Desert Model With GIS Data: A Case Study of Baltimore, MD
Authors: Zuccaroli Isabella , Russell Mia B.
Published: November 2024

Drawing from the social determinants of health, we model the health and wealth (H&W) desert framework in Baltimore, Maryland. Using geographic information system (GIS) data, we examine medically underserved areas, limited supermarket access, health insurance coverage,
employment rate, distance to commercial banks and credit unions, and homeownership. While the framework has merits, we challenge the notion of required indicators for a H&W desert to exist. We found that non-deserts can have indicators of a H&W desert and other factors
enable them to overcome this barrier. This framework can be useful for FCS professionals to work to solve today's most challenging social ills while also introducing the merits of utilizing GIS data to dissect disparities and inform solutions.
Diversifying the Talent Pipeline: The Rise of Partnerships Between HBCU Fashion Programs and the Fashion Industry
Authors: Dixon Devona L.
Published: November 2024

The essay highlights the changing perspective of the fashion industry, with a growing recognition of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) fashion programs as a valuable source for building a pipeline of Black talent. Historically, the fashion industry lacked representation
and limited opportunities for people of color, with recruitment efforts primarily focused at non-HBCUs universities and colleges. HBCUs play a vital role in preparing highly competent Black students for the fashion industry. To embrace diversity, fashion brands and companies are collaborating
with HBCUs, offering access and exposure through mentoring programs, internships, and other unique skill building and engagement opportunities. The potential and benefits of the partnership between HBCUs and the fashion industry are also explored. The significance of partnerships fosters inclusivity,
addresses systemic barriers, and creates a more equitable and vibrant fashion landscape. Continued support and investment in HBCU fashion programs are emphasized as essential for sustainable change within the industry.
The Nexus of Research and Policy Engagement for FCS Early Career Scholars
Authors: Collins Christopher C. , Worthy Sheri
Published: November 2024

Because of the critical influence research should play in public policy, doctoral-level education in family and consumer sciences should include exposure to the legislative process as part of the curriculum. The legislative aide fellowship program at the University of Georgia offers
students the opportunity to improve their critical thinking, communication, and leadership skills. This article outlines the legislative aide program so others can replicate it, summarizes techniques to engage students in applying research to policy issues, and highlights strategies early
career scholars can use to engage in public policy.
Expression markers of human skeletal muscle associated with disorders of glucose metabolism in the basal and postprandial state
Authors: Makhnovskii P. A. , Kurochkina N. S. , Vepkhvadze T. F. , Tomilova A. O. , Lednev E. M. , Shestakova M. V. , Popov D. V.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND. Skeletal muscles play a key role in the organism’s carbohydrate metabolism. Dysregulation of insulin-dependent glucose uptake in skeletal muscle disrupts carbohydrate metabolism in the organism and can lead to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

AIM. To identify expression markers (genes) of human skeletal muscle associated with disorders of glucose metabolism in the basal state and after a mixed meal normalized for body mass.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study involved three groups of 8 people: healthy volunteers, obese patients without and with type 2 diabetes. Venous blood samples were taken in the morning (09:00) after an overnight fast and 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, and 180 min after ingestion of a mixed meal normalized by body mass (6 kcal/kg). Biopsy samples from m. vastus lateralis was taken before and 1 h after a meal to assess gene expression (RNA sequencing) and search for genes correlating with markers of impaired glucose metabolism in the basal and postprandial state.

RESULTS. Strong correlations (|ρ|>0.7 and p<0.001) between the gene expression and the level of insulin, C-peptide, glucose or glycated hemoglobin in the basal and/or postprandial state was found for 75 genes. Of these, 17 genes had marked differences (>1.5-fold) in expression between healthy people and patients, or differences in expression changes in response to a meal. We can note genes whose role in impaired glucose metabolism has already been shown earlier (FSTL1, SMOC1, GPCPD1), as well as a number of other genes that are promising for further study of the mechanisms of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

CONCLUSION. Skeletal muscle expression markers were identified as promising candidates for future targeted studies aimed at studying the mechanisms of insulin resistance and searching for potential therapeutic targets.
Real-world effectiveness and safety of fixed-ratio combination insulin glargine 100 u/ml plus lixisenatide in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM): subanalysis of the international, multicentre, prospective observational study SUCCESS in the Russian population
Authors: Vikulova O. K. , Atanesyan R. A. , Movsesyan S. D. , Kasatkina Yu. P. , Perevyazka A. A. , Zaytseva E. L. , Kharakhulakh M. I. , Andreeva N. V. , Krivosheyeva I. A. , Vorobyev S. V. , Saprina T. V. , Avaliani D. A. , Prudnikova M. A. , Shestakova M. V. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: November 2024

AIM: To evaluate the impact a fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine(100U/ml) and lixisenatide(iGlarLixi) on the glycemic control in Russian study T2D population uncontrolled on OAD ± insulin therapy in real-world settings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Russian subanalysis of international, multicentre, prospective, observational SUCCESS study included 160 T2DM patients who had initiated iGlarLixi within 1 month prior to study inclusion from 11 regions of the Russian Federation. The primary endpoint — HbA1c change from baseline to month 6. Secondary endpoints: HbA1c change after 12 months, achievement of target HbA1c levels after 6 and 12 months; change in FPG and PPG, change in body weight after 6 and 12 months, iGlarLixi dose dynamics. Safety endpoints: adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse events of special interest, frequency of hypoglycemia during the study period.

RESULTS: The average age of patients in the Russian population was 60.8±9.4 years; average duration of T2DM was 11.4 years, mean HbA1c — 9.3±1.5%; mean BMI 33.3 kg/m2. Prior to the study, most patients were on 2 (36.3%) and 3 OADs (27.5%), 32.5% — on insulin therapy. The mean change of HbA1c at month 6 was -1.81%, and -2.03% at month 12. 51.3% patients achieved individual HbA1c targets at month 12, 46.7% of patients achieved the HbA1c target without hypoglycemia and weight gain. The decrease of body weight in 12 months was -3.3±4.4 kg. During the study period, 17 cases of hypoglycemia were recorded (0.11 events per patient-year); 1 severe hypoglycemia (0.01 events per patient-year). The total number of adverse events (AEs) was 43(26.9%), serious AEs - 10 (6.3%).

CONCLUSION: According to the results of this prospective real world sub-group analysis, initiation of iGlarLixi in Russian adults with T2DM uncontrolled on OADs ± insulin significantly improves glycemic control with low risk of hypoglycemia and no body weight increase.
AS DIRETRIZES PARA A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E O PROGRAMA INSTITUCIONAL DE BOLSA DE INICIAÇÃO À DOCÊNCIA (PIBID): A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DOS PROFESSORES DE GEOGRAFIA E O ENSINO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Carvalho Josias Ivanildo Flores de , Santos Francisco Kennedy Silva dos , Sousa Laryssa de Aragão
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar de maneira crítico-situacional as diretrizes para a formação inicial de professores de Geografia, a partir da resolução de nº 2 de 1º de julho de 2015 que define as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais - DCNs para a formação inicial em nível superior de professores e destacar a importância do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) no processo de formação inicial dos licenciandos em Geografia. Para a realização deste estudo utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa dado que privilegia a temática escolhida, fazendo uso especificamente de análise documental e revisão de literatura. A fundamentação teórica está ancorada no campo da Geografia e da Educação, construindo assim uma reflexão crítica a respeito da formação inicial dos licenciandos em Geografia, na pretensão de uma educação geográfica mais significativa na contemporaneidade.  Diante disto, pode-se afirmar que quando as diretrizes curriculares para a formação inicial dos professores estão bem desenhadas e atreladas também a programas de incentivo à docência, com destaque para o PIBID, pode-se avançar em questões fundamentais para as licenciaturas, como uma formação inicial exitosa e professores com habilidades fundamentais para um ensino-aprendizagem de Geografia mais voltada a questões atuais dos alunos e da sociedade globalizada.
Reflexiones frente a la producción del Territorio en la Zona de Reserva Campesina Pato-Balsillas, Municipio de San Vicente del Caguán, Depto. Caquetá, Colombia
Authors: Borda Leon Sergio
Published: November 2024

La producción del territorio, representa un enfoque frente al concepto de territorio, concibiendo al territorio como un producto de un tejido de relaciones sociales, donde el “poder” es el hilo conductor. Esta perspectiva, parte de concebir que la vivencia territorial está inmerso en un sistema tridimensional sociedad-espacio-tiempo, donde se incorporan otros atributos adicionales. Es así como en el trabajo de campo, a partir de entrevistas abiertas y observación participante (Zona de Reserva Campesina Pato-Balsillas, Municipio de San Vicente del Caguán, depto. Del Caquetá, Colombia) busca un análisis territorial de la ZRC Pato-Balsillas, a partir de la categoría “Producción del Territorio”, integrando los atributos definidos para este concepto. Así mismo, se advirtió la importancia de los movimientos sociales como dinamizadores de las relaciones sociales, en ese sentido se busca establecer su incidencia en la “Producción del territorio”.
Design and Development of g-C3N4/ZnO/CdS Ternary Photocatalyst for the Removal of Environmentally Hazardous Organic Dyes under Visible Light
Authors: Kottam Nagaraju , Jammula Koteswara Rao , Shivaram Sagar J. , Rajappa Balaji Adavichambakuru , Narayanappa Priyanka , Prasannakumaran Nair Smrithi Sailaja , Tawai Atthasit
Published: November 2024

The processing of wastewater has emerged as a primary focus of research owing to the unavailability of clean water to satisfy the current population’s needs. In this work, a ternary nano-photocatalyst, g-C3N4/ZnO/CdS exhibiting visible light activity has been fabricated via a dual-step process that involved a pyrolytic transformation of urea to g-C3N4 subsequently followed by the solid state mechanochemical method to fabricate g-C3N4/ZnO/CdS. The synthesized nanomaterial underwent characterization using advanced techniques such as XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM/EDAX and UV-DRS techniques. The decomposition of Indigo Carmine dye was performed under the illumination of visible light, resulting in 99.6% degradation using a 50-mg photocatalytic dosage. Kinetic studies indicate that the photodegradation process followed pseudo-first-order where the phenomenon of adsorption adhered to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. This work attempted the generation of a multi pathway of electron migration by combining more than one Type-II heterojunction, which can effectively delay the electron-carrier recombination.
Límite, posición y excentricidad. Elementos para una lectura aristotélica de Helmuth Plessner
Authors: Aranguren Javier
Published: November 2024

Helmuth Plessner es considerado como uno de los iniciadores de la Antropología filosófica tal como se entiende en la actualidad: una reflexión filosófica atenta a los datos de la biología, la paleontología, la cultura o la historia. En 1928 publicó Niveles de la vida orgánica y el ser humano, inédita al castellano hasta octubre de 2022. En este artículo se exponen las principales líneas de su planteamiento, a la vez que se destaca la cercanía del mismo a muchas de las ideas que, hace casi veinticuatro siglos, escribió Aristóteles sobre estos temas.
A model for measuring the quality of public policies in innovation
Authors: Pakes Paulo Renato , Torkomian Ana Lúcia Vitale , Silva Brena Bezerra , Borrás Miguel Ángel Aires , Bianchini Vívian Karina , Razzino Carlos do Amaral
Published: November 2024

Goal : This article presents a model for measuring the quality of public policies on innovation and its validation in a public policy on technology parks (SPTec)
Design/methodology/approach: A survey on the quality of public policy SPTec was carried out. Through descriptive analysis, it was possible to verify the quality of public policy in five determinants of quality. Factor analysis allowed the regrouping of quality attributes into new determinants for SPTec public policy. Finally, the multiple regression analysis allowed us to analyze the dependence relationship between the variables.
Results:  The public policy SPTec is immature in terms of process quality, quality of the relation, and quality of the result. In addition, we identified the determinants that should be prioritized in the implementation of SPTec public policy in a possible reformulation. Finally, the attributes of quality that generate the greatest effect in terms of an increase in user satisfaction are shown, as well as those that generate a decrease in satisfaction if they have an increase in their performance.
Limitations of the investigation:  Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.
Practical implications:  As a limitation, there is the fact that the factor analysis of public policy SPTec can only be generalized at the level of the same. Likewise, the presented model for measuring quality in the public sector requires adaptation for each public policy analyzed.
Originality/value: This article fills a gap regarding the lack of instruments for measuring the quality of public policies in innovation systems.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Global Internal Audit Efficiency: An Analysis
Authors: Ghafar Iyad , Perwitasari Widya , Kurnia Rama
Published: November 2024

This research paper explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of global internal audit functions. As businesses increasingly adopt AI-driven technologies, internal auditing has witnessed significant advancements in data analysis, risk detection, compliance monitoring, and decision-making processes. The paper analyzes how AI tools like machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics contribute to the automation of repetitive audit tasks, the detection of anomalies, and the improvement of audit accuracy and timeliness. Additionally, it addresses the challenges associated with AI adoption, including data privacy concerns, skills gaps among auditors, and the integration of AI into existing audit frameworks. The study also provides a comparative analysis of AI-enabled versus traditional audit practices, highlighting AI’s potential to enhance audit quality, reduce operational costs, and provide deeper insights into financial and non-financial risks. By examining case studies and industry practices, the paper emphasizes AI’s critical role in shaping the future of internal auditing on a global scale. The findings suggest that AI’s integration into internal audits is not just a trend but a necessary evolution for achieving optimal audit outcomes.
The relationship between mixed venous blood oxygen saturation and pulmonary arterial and venous pressures in patients with heart failure
Authors: Funaki Ryuji , Ogawa Kazuo , Mashitani Yuto , Oh Takuya , Kashiwagi Yusuke , Tanaka Toshikazu D. , Nagoshi Tomohisa , Kawai Makoto , Yoshimura Michihiro
Published: November 2024

Recent discoveries have identified intrapulmonary bronchopulmonary anastomoses (IBAs) as a relatively common phenomenon forming intrapulmonary right‐to‐left shunts. This study hypothesizes that IBAs play a significant role in the pathophysiology of heart failure. We aim to investigate the impact of these intrapulmonary right‐to‐left shunts on pulmonary arterial and venous pressures in heart failure patients, utilizing mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO₂) as a key measurement. This study included 237 patients with heart failure who underwent cardiac catheterization. The relationships between SvO₂ and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were examined using various statistical methods (single regression analysis, partial correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and Bayesian estimation). All statistical methods that we performed showed that SvO₂ was significantly and negatively correlated with both sPAP and PAWP (p < 0.01, respectively). However, SvO₂ did not significantly correlate with LVEDP. These results suggest that a decrease in SvO₂ leads to an increase in PAWP and sPAP, while LVEDP is only passively influenced by PAWP. This phenomenon likely reflects the impact of an intrapulmonary right‐to‐left shunt caused by IBAs. The decrease in SvO₂ causes an increase in sPAP and may also cause an increase in PAWP via IBAs.
What Can Historicising Rawls Achieve?
Authors: Andersson Emil , Olsson Yaouzis Nicolas
Published: November 2024

This essay explores the implications of historicising John Rawls’s theory of justice. While historical research on Rawls and his social context has provided valuable insights, some scholars argue that historicising carries significant philosophical consequences. This paper critically examines one such argument that contends that historicising Rawls’s theory demonstrates its contextual nature, undermines its diagnostic powers, and leads to its complete dissolution. We offer a reconstruction of this argument and show that it fails. Further, while we argue that this argument fails, we go on to suggest that historical evidence may contribute to a defensive argument against appeals to expert opinion. By examining the appropriate relationship between historical research and philosophy, this essay contributes to the evaluation of the historicist critique and offers insights into the broader role of historical research in philosophical discourse.
Detection of abnormal tourist behavior in scenic spots based on optimized Gaussian model for background modeling
Authors: Liu Xiaohua
Published: November 2024

In recent years, tourist attractions have become increasingly popular vacation destinations, leading to a gradual emergence of the tourism market and an improvement in the regulatory systems of scenic spots. However, these attractions frequently experience various abnormal behaviors (ABs). The existing abnormal behavior detection (ABD) algorithms are hindered by interference from the scenic area background, resulting in poor identification of ABs. The study proposed a background model constructed by an optimized Gaussian mixture model based on the background subtraction method to eliminate the background interference. Based on this model, an ABD method was established using action data based on spatio-temporal block detection and motion foreground effect map features. Experiments were conducted to train the video clips and action databases to establish the ABD model. In the study, algorithms were tested using computers, and different scenic spots were set up to validate tourists. Three scenic spot scenes with different time and environmental conditions were set up to detect tourist ABD, and the results were compared with different existing anomaly detection algorithms. Research has shown that the area under the receiver operation characteristic curve in outdoor scenes a and c is significantly larger than that in indoor scene b, with areas under the curves of 96.55 and 97.40%, respectively. In two outdoor research scenarios b and c, the area under the curve and equal error rate of the research algorithm (RA) are 88.14, 18.24, 98.12, and 7.55%, respectively, which are significantly better than the two compared algorithms. Although they are 97.31 and 6.29% in scenario a, slightly lower than the 95.18 and 12.69% of the compared algorithms, the expected time is very close to the ideal value, and overall, they have good performance. In addition, the average recognition accuracy of the RA (93.24%) is higher than that of the comparative algorithm (89.32%). The proposed ABD method has shown certain efficiency and accuracy in identifying ABs. It can provide effective decision-making support for scenic area management and has reference significance for improving the safety management quality of scenic area monitoring. By monitoring the AB of tourists, scenic area management personnel can take timely measures to ensure the safety of tourists and the order of the scenic area. In addition, the results of this study not only provide a new approach and method for detecting AB of scenic spot tourists, but also provide valuable reference significance and theoretical contributions in fields such as video surveillance, behavior analysis, and artificial intelligence.
Observation of choking reaction and other related indexes in elderly painless fiberoptic bronchoscopy with transnasal high-flow humidification oxygen therapy
Authors: Feng Yankun , Chen Zhijun , Wang Jiafang
Published: November 2024

Objective

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of nasal high-flow humidification oxygen therapy on choking reactions and related respiratory and hemodynamic effects in elderly patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Methods

A total of 126 elderly patients aged 65–80 years who underwent painless fiberoptic bronchoscopy from March 2021 to December 2021 were randomly divided into two groups.

Results

The pulse oxygen saturation at T1 and T2 time points in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the average arterial pressure was slightly lower than that in the control group, but there was no statistical significance. In the experimental group, the total dosage of propofol and sufentanil increased, the microscopic examination time shortened, the choking reaction decreased significantly(P < 0.05), and the total incidence of hypoxemia decreased (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The application of nasal high-flow humidification oxygen therapy in elderly painless fiberoptic bronchoscopy improves the oxygenation ability of patients increases the use of narcotic drugs, does not have a great impact on hemodynamics, reduces choking reaction, and is more conducive to the operation of endoscopy doctors.
On the relation between negation and phases
Authors: Alrashdan Imran , Jarrah Marwan , Al Salem Mohd Nour
Published: November 2024

This research article provides evidence from Jordanian Arabic (JA) that negation is syntactically bound to the projection of a phasal head, wherein NegP is structurally licensed to project exclusively within phase-bound configurations. Therefore, NegP can project separately in CP and v*P, offering support to the multi-locus view (Alqassas 2012. The morpho-syntax and pragmatics of Levantine Arabic negation: A synchronic and diachronic analysis. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University) that NegP in Arabic is not restricted to one structural position in the clause structure. NegP can rather project separately above TP or below TP. However, as we argue for in this article the projection of NegP is correlated with the presence of a phasal head (Chomsky 2007. Approaching UG from below. In Uli Sauerland & Hans-Martin Gärtner (eds.), Interfaces+recursion=language? Chomsky’s minimalism and the view from syntax-semantics, 1–30. Berlin, Germany: Mouton de Gruyter). Our evidence comes from two interrelated phenomena in JA: (1) the possibility of negating the past tense copula ka:n independently from the negation of the main verb in transitive and passive sentences and (2) the impossibility of independently negating the verb and the past-tense copula ka:n in unaccusative clauses. Following Jarrah’s (2023. Passive vs. unaccusative predicates: A phase-based account. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 41. 1397–1424) assumption that unaccusative predicates, unlike passive or transitive verbs, do not project phases in JA grammar, we propose that the use of two NegPs in the same clause with unaccusative clauses is prohibited as these unaccusative predicates do not project phases. This assumption is significant as phases, local domains, are not only found to be independent in terms of their Φ-content (their head bears an independent set of unvalued Φ-features) but also in terms of negation.
Polyphyllin II suppresses cell migration, invasion, and metastasis by inducing cytoskeletal rearrangement through the ROCK1/LIMK/CFL1 pathway in bladder cancer cells
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Sun Zhonghua , Xie Yuning , Shi Yaxin , Pan Guanghui , Yu Minmin , Wang Zilu , Cao Han , Liu Yang , Qiao Quanlai , Chen Changjing , Xu Xiangdong , Song Qinlan , Wang Zhenguo
Published: November 2024

This study was aimed at determining the antimetastatic effect of polyphyllin II (PPII) in bladder cancer (BC) and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Wound healing, Transwell assays, and phalloidin staining were performed to determine the effects of PPII on BC cell migration, invasion, and cytoskeletal formation. Gene transcription and expression changes were detected via RNA sequencing and western blotting. The subchronic toxicity and antimetastatic effects of PPII were evaluated in Nu/Nu nude mice. PPII inhibited the migration and invasion of BC cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that cytoskeletal regulation was a potentially regulated process. PPII restrained cytoskeletal formation, as confirmed by phalloidin staining. Mechanistically, PPII was found to decrease p-LIMK1/2 and p-CFL1 expression through ROCK1, and to inhibit increased p-CFL1 levels and invasion and migration abilities of BC cells induced by constitutively active RHOA. Subchronic toxicity evaluation revealed that 3.0 mg/kg PPII had limited effects on tissue morphology, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Furthermore, PPII treatment effectively inhibited the formation of pulmonary metastatic nodules, as well as the expression of ROCK1, p-LIMK1, and p-CFL1 in the lungs. Thus, PPII inhibits BC cell invasion, migration, and metastasis through the RHOA-ROCK1-LIMK1/2-CFL1 axis, and is a potential candidate for antimetastatic drug development.
Israel, Palestine, and the Road to October 7: Dead End or Deadly Detour?
Authors: Brown Nathan J.
Published: November 2024

An abandoned peace process, increasingly severe Israeli restrictions on Gaza, and divided Palestinian leadership set the stage for the October 2023 surprise attack by Hamas. The devastating Israeli response has left much of the territory in ruins and decimated Hamas’s top ranks, while setting off a wider regional war involving Hezbollah, Lebanon, and Iran. US-led attempts to negotiate a cease-fire and resurrect the goal of a two-state solution have proved futile to date, as both sides remain irreconcilable, even in terms of basic understandings of the situation. Peace appears more distant than ever, though global views of the conflict are shifting.