bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Steering valley-polarized emission of monolayer MoS
2
sandwiched in plasmonic antennas
Authors: Wen Te , Zhang Weidong , Liu Shuai , Hu Aiqin , Zhao Jingyi , Ye Yu , Chen Yang , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Gong Qihuang , Lu Guowei
Published: May 2020

A chiral plasmonic antenna can steer the valley-polarized photoluminescence of monolayer MoS
2
at room temperature.
Remote modulation of lncRNA
GCLET
by risk variant at 16p13 underlying genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer
Authors: Du Mulong , Zheng Rui , Ma Gaoxiang , Chu Haiyan , Lu Jiafei , Li Shuwei , Xin Junyi , Tong Na , Zhang Gang , Wang Weizhi , Qiang Fulin , Gong Weida , Zhao Qinghong , Tao Guoquan , Chen Jinfei , Jia Zhifang , Jiang Jing , Jin Guangfu , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , Wang Meilin , Zhang Zhengdong
Published: May 2020

The integrated analytical strategy identified both genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for gastric cancer etiology.
Surface phase transitions and crystal habits of ice in the atmosphere
Authors: Llombart Pablo , Noya Eva G. , MacDowell Luis G.
Published: May 2020

Atomic-scale description of the ice structure predicts ice crystal growth rates and explains snow crystal shapes.
RALF1-FERONIA complex affects splicing dynamics to modulate stress responses and growth in plants
Authors: Wang Long , Yang Tao , Wang Bingqian , Lin Qinlu , Zhu Sirui , Li Chiyu , Ma Youchu , Tang Jing , Xing Junjie , Li Xiushan , Liao Hongdong , Staiger Dorothee , Hu Zhiqiang , Yu Feng
Published: May 2020

The receptor protein kinase FER regulates plant growth and stress responses through alternative splicing.
Long-distance optical pulling of nanoparticle in a low index cavity using a single plane wave
Authors: Lee E. , Luo T.
Published: May 2020

Long-distance optical pulling can be achieved with a unique NP-in-cavity structure facing a single plane wave.
Remote, brain region–specific control of choice behavior with ultrasonic waves
Authors: Kubanek Jan , Brown Julian , Ye Patrick , Pauly Kim Butts , Moore Tirin , Newsome William
Published: May 2020

Ultrasonic waves delivered remotely into the brain can control choice behavior of primates.
Temporal expression of MOF acetyltransferase primes transcription factor networks for erythroid fate
Authors: Pessoa Rodrigues Cecilia , Herman Josip Stefan , Herquel Benjamin , Valsecchi Claudia Isabelle Keller , Stehle Thomas , Grün Dominic , Akhtar Asifa
Published: May 2020

Identifying the transcription factor network regulating correct timing and dosage of
Mof
expression during hematopoiesis.
The origin of domestication genes in goats
Authors: Zheng Zhuqing , Wang Xihong , Li Ming , Li Yunjia , Yang Zhirui , Wang Xiaolong , Pan Xiangyu , Gong Mian , Zhang Yu , Guo Yingwei , Wang Yu , Liu Jing , Cai Yudong , Chen Qiuming , Okpeku Moses , Colli Licia , Cai Dawei , Wang Kun , Huang Shisheng , Sonstegard Tad S. , Esmailizadeh Ali , Zhang Wenguang , Zhang Tingting , Xu Yangbin , Xu Naiyi , Yang Yi , Han Jianlin , Chen Lei , Lesur Joséphine , Daly Kevin G. , Bradley Daniel G. , Heller Rasmus , Zhang Guojie , Wang Wen , Chen Yulin , Jiang Yu
Published: May 2020

Goat domestication selection mainly focused on immune and neural genes and involved both standing and introgressed variation.
Chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer–based nanoparticles for quantum yield–enhanced cancer phototheranostics
Authors: Jeon Jueun , You Dong Gil , Um Wooram , Lee Jeongjin , Kim Chan Ho , Shin Sol , Kwon Seunglee , Park Jae Hyung
Published: May 2020

CRET-based nanoparticles are useful for photoacoustic imaging and photodynamic therapy of cancer.
Supramolecular prodrug hydrogelator as an immune booster for checkpoint blocker–based immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Feihu , Xu Dongqing , Su Hao , Zhang Weijie , Sun Xuanrong , Monroe Maya K. , Chakroun Rami W. , Wang Zongyuan , Dai Wenbing , Oh Richard , Wang Han , Fan Qin , Wan Fengyi , Cui Honggang
Published: May 2020

A prodrug hydrogelator serves as an effective immune booster for checkpoint blocker–based cancer immunotherapy.
Lead-free (Ag,K)NbO
3
materials for high-performance explosive energy conversion
Authors: Liu Zhen , Lu Teng , Xue Fei , Nie Hengchang , Withers Ray , Studer Andrew , Kremer Felipe , Narayanan Narendirakumar , Dong Xianlin , Yu Dehong , Chen Longqing , Liu Yun , Wang Genshui
Published: May 2020

A lead-free material with better performance was developed to replace the commercially used material for energy conversion.
A single-cell view on alga-virus interactions reveals sequential transcriptional programs and infection states
Authors: Ku Chuan , Sheyn Uri , Sebé-Pedrós Arnau , Ben-Dor Shifra , Schatz Daniella , Tanay Amos , Rosenwasser Shilo , Vardi Assaf
Published: May 2020

Single-cell dual RNA sequencing reveals giant virus infection dynamics in a marine bloom-forming alga.
Primary cilium remodeling mediates a cell signaling switch in differentiating neurons
Authors: Toro-Tapia Gabriela , Das Raman M.
Published: May 2020

Newborn neurons assemble a new primary cilium, leading to a change in the mode of Shh signaling that now directs axon extension.
AMELIE speeds Mendelian diagnosis by matching patient phenotype and genotype to primary literature
Authors: Birgmeier Johannes , Haeussler Maximilian , Deisseroth Cole A. , Steinberg Ethan H. , Jagadeesh Karthik A. , Ratner Alexander J. , Guturu Harendra , Wenger Aaron M. , Diekhans Mark E. , Stenson Peter D. , Cooper David N. , Ré Christopher , Beggs Alan H. , Bernstein Jonathan A. , Bejerano Gill
Published: May 2020

An automated pipeline parses primary literature about Mendelian diseases to rank patient candidate causative genes, thereby accelerating diagnosis.
ATRAID
regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone
Authors: Surface Lauren E. , Burrow Damon T. , Li Jinmei , Park Jiwoong , Kumar Sandeep , Lyu Cheng , Song Niki , Yu Zhou , Rajagopal Abbhirami , Bae Yangjin , Lee Brendan H. , Mumm Steven , Gu Charles C. , Baker Jonathan C. , Mohseni Mahshid , Sum Melissa , Huskey Margaret , Duan Shenghui , Bijanki Vinieth N. , Civitelli Roberto , Gardner Michael J. , McAndrew Chris M. , Ricci William M. , Gurnett Christina A. , Diemer Kathryn , Wan Fei , Costantino Christina L. , Shannon Kristen M. , Raje Noopur , Dodson Thomas B. , Haber Daniel A. , Carette Jan E. , Varadarajan Malini , Brummelkamp Thijn R. , Birsoy Kivanc , Sabatini David M. , Haller Gabe , Peterson Timothy R.
Published: May 2020

ATRAID
is essential for responses to the commonly prescribed osteoporosis drugs nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates.
An open-label phase 1/2a trial of a genetically modified rodent malaria parasite for immunization against
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria
Authors: Reuling Isaie J. , Mendes António M. , de Jong Gerdie M. , Fabra-García Amanda , Nunes-Cabaço Helena , van Gemert Geert-Jan , Graumans Wouter , Coffeng Luc E. , de Vlas Sake J. , Yang Annie S. P. , Lee Cynthia , Wu Yimin , Birkett Ashley J. , Ockenhouse Christian F. , Koelewijn Rob , van Hellemond Jaap J. , van Genderen Perry J. J. , Sauerwein Robert W. , Prudêncio Miguel
Published: May 2020

Clinical evaluation of genetically modified rodent malaria parasites for whole-sporozoite immunization against
P. falciparum
in healthy volunteers.
Targeting ASXL2 in macrophages: An antidote to adiposity?
Authors: Billi Allison C.
Published: May 2020

Myeloid-specific
Asxl2
deletion renders mice resistant to high-fat diet–induced obesity and related complications by regulating brown adipose tissue.
Genotypic Regulation of Type I Interferon Induction Pathways by Frameshift (F) Proteins of Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Lai Yi-Ting , Liou Yih-Mei , Hsin Fu , Liu Helene Minyi
Published: May 2020

Although naturally present in HCV infection patient serum, the virological or immunological functions of the HCV F protein, which is a frameshift product of core coding sequences, remain unclear. Here, we report the effects of the HCV F protein between genotypes and discuss a potential explanation for the differential responses to type I IFN-based therapy among patients infected with different genotypes of HCV. Our study provides one step forward to understanding the host response during HCV infection and new insights for the prediction of the outcome of IFN-based therapy in HCV patients.
Draft Genome Sequences of Three Enterococcus casseliflavus Strains Isolated from the Urine of Healthy Bovine Heifers (Gyr Breed)
Authors: Giannattasio-Ferraz Silvia , Maskeri Laura , Oliveira André P. , Barbosa-Stancioli Edel F. , Putonti Catherine
Published: May 2020

Enterococcus casseliflavus
is a commensal bacterium present in the intestinal microbiota of different animals. Previous studies have found that strains isolated from livestock are often resistant to many different antibiotics. Here, we present three
E. casseliflavus
strains, UFMG-H7, UFMG-H8, and UFMG-H9, isolated from urine collected from healthy dairy heifers in Brazil.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactarius deliciosus Strain CBS 582.63 from the CBS-KNAW Culture Collection
Authors: Goh Jia Ean , Rahman Ahmad Yamin , Hari Ranjeev , Lim Mei Peng , Najimudin Nazalan , Yap Wai Sum , Tan Yong Hui , Gunasekaran Baskaran , Yam Hok Chai
Published: May 2020

A type strain of
Lactarius deliciosus
was obtained from the CBS-KNAW culture collection. The mycelium was cultured using potato dextrose agar, and the extracted genomic DNA was subjected to PacBio genome sequencing. Upon assembly and annotation, the genome size was estimated to be 54 Mbp, with 12,753 genes.
CMV coinfection in treatment refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis
Authors: Harris Kevin B , Funchain Pauline , Baggott Brian B
Published: May 2020

As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used, clinicians are more frequently encountering the side effects of these therapies. ICIs have been implicated in numerous adverse effects against healthy tissues. We present a case of a patient who developed treatment refractory checkpoint inhibitor colitis. Following colonoscopy, it was discovered that this patient had cytomegalovirus (CMV) coinfection. This case report highlights the importance of undertaking an appropriate assessment, including endoscopic and histologic investigation, of patients with presumed ICI colitis. Accurately diagnosing a superimposed CMV colitis changes clinical management and can improve patient outcomes.
Curious case of reversible left ventricular dysfunction in a young woman
Authors: Ahmed Ahamed Shaheer , Kumar Sampath , Arava Sudheer , Ramakrishnan Sivasubrmanian
Published: May 2020

A 27-year-old woman presented with breathlessness on exertion of 3 months duration and was treated as dilated cardiomyopathy elsewhere. On evaluation, she was found to have left ventricular hypertrophy with ventricular dysfunction. CT angiogram revealed a peripheral-enhancing mass with central necrosis in the aortocaval region. Elevated serum metanephrine and uptake in131iodine metaiodobenzylguanidine scan lead to the diagnosis of paraganglioma. Patient underwent open surgical excision of the tumour. Left ventricular function became normal and left ventricular hypertrophy resolved after surgery.
Dabigatran initiation in patients with non-valvular AF and first acute ischaemic stroke: a retrospective observational study from the SITS registry
Authors: Escudero-Martinez Irene , Mazya Michael , Teutsch Christine , Lesko Norbert , Gdovinova Zuzana , Barbarini Leonardo , Fryze Waldemar , Karlinski Michal , Kobayashi Adam , Krastev Georgi , Paiva Nunes Ana , Pasztoova Katarina , Peeters André , Sobolewski Piotr , Vilionskis Aleksandras , Toni Danilo , Ahmed Niaz
Published: May 2020

Background and objective

The optimal timing for initiation of dabigatran after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is not established. We aimed to evaluate initiation timing and clinical outcomes of dabigatran in AIS patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Design

Retrospective study based on prospectively collected data in SITS (Safe Implementation of Treatment in Stroke) Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy Registry from July 2014 to July 2018.

Participants

European NVAF patients (≥18 years) hospitalised after first-ever ischaemic stroke.

Setting

A multinational, observational monitoring register.

Intervention

Dabigatran initiation within 3 months after the ischaemic stroke.

Primary and secondary outcomes

The primary outcome was time from first-ever ischaemic stroke (index event) to dabigatran initiation. Additional outcomes included physicians’ reasons for delaying dabigatran initiation beyond acute hospital discharge and outcomes within 3 months of index event.

Methods

We identified patients with NVAF who received dabigatran within 3 months of the index event. We performed descriptive statistics for baseline and demographic data and clinical outcomes after dabigatran initiation.

Results

In total, 1489 patients with NVAF received dabigatran after AIS treated with thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy. Of these, 1240 had available initiation time. At baseline, median age was 75 years; 53% of patients were women, 15% were receiving an oral anticoagulant, 29% acetylsalicylic acid and 4% clopidogrel. Most patients (82%) initiated dabigatran within 14 days after the index event. Patients initiating earlier had lower stroke severity from median NIHSS 8 (IQR 6–13) if initiated within 7 days to NIHSS 15 (9–19) if initiated between 28 days and 3 months. Most common reasons for delaying initiation were haemorrhagic transformation or intracranial haemorrhage, stroke severity and infarct size. Few thrombotic/haemorrhagic events occurred within 3 months after the index event (20 of 926 patients, 2.2% with the available data).

Conclusions

Our findings, together with previous observational studies, indicate that dabigatran initiated within the first days after an AIS is safe in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, endovascular thrombectomy or both.

Trial registration number

SITS Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy Registry (NCT03258645).
Medication-related interventions delivered both in hospital and following discharge: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Daliri Sara , Boujarfi Samira , el Mokaddam Asma , Scholte op Reimer Wilma J M , ter Riet Gerben , den Haan Chantal , Buurman Bianca M , Karapinar-Çarkit Fatma
Published: May 2020

Background

Harm due to medications is common during the transition from hospital to home. Approaches that seek to prevent harm often involve isolated medication-related interventions and show conflicting results. However, until now, no review has focused on the effect of intervention components delivered both in hospital and following discharge from hospital to home.

Objective

To examine effects of medication-related interventions on hospital readmissions, medication-related problems (MRPs), medication adherence and mortality.

Methods

For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and CENTRAL databases without language restrictions. Citations of included articles were checked through Web of Science and Scopus from inception to 20 June 2019. We included prospective studies that examined effects of medication-related interventions delivered both in hospital and following discharge from hospital to home compared with usual care. Three authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality in pairs.

Results

Fourteen original studies were included, comprising 8182 patients. Interventions consisted mainly of patient education and medication reconciliation in the hospital, and patient education following discharge. Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis; compared with usual care (n=3376 patients), medication-related interventions (n=1820 patients) reduced hospital readmissions by 3.8 percentage points within 30 days of discharge (number needed to treat=27, risk ratio (RR) 0.79 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.96)). Meta-regression analysis suggested that readmission rates were reduced by 17% per additional intervention component (RR 0.83 (95% Cl 0.75 to 0.91)). Medication adherence and MRPs may be improved. Effects on mortality were unclear.

Conclusions

Studied medication-related interventions reduce all-cause hospital readmissions within 30 days. The treatment effect appears to increase with higher intervention intensities. More evidence is needed for recommendations on adherence, mortality and MRPs.
British Thoracic Society Training Standards for Thoracic Ultrasound (TUS)
Authors: Stanton Andrew E , Edey Anthony , Evison Matthew , Forrest Ian , Hippolyte Sabrine , Kastelik Jack , Latham Jennifer , Loewenthal Lola , Nagarajan Thapas , Roberts Mark , Smallwood Nicholas , Park John E S
Published: May 2020

Introduction

The British Thoracic Society (BTS) responded to a call from the pleural community to establish this new Training Standard to detail the capabilities in practice for thoracic ultrasound (TUS), which will build on the previous curricula and extend the remit to include training for the emergency provision of TUS.

Methods

BTS convened a working group to produce a set of Training Standards.

Results

This document provides a comprehensive Training Standard for TUS facilitating timely and improved management of patients with respiratory presentations, particularly (but not exclusively) pleural pathologies.

Discussion

The Training Standards document will be widely disseminated.
Three-dimensional bioprinted hepatorganoids prolong survival of mice with liver
failure
Authors: Yang Huayu , Sun Lejia , Pang Yuan , Hu Dandan , Xu Haifeng , Mao Shuangshuang , Peng Wenbo , Wang Yanan , Xu Yiyao , Zheng Yong-Chang , Du Shunda , Zhao Haitao , Chi Tianyi , Lu Xin , Sang Xinting , Zhong Shouxian , Wang Xin , Zhang Hongbing , Huang Pengyu , Sun Wei , Mao Yilei
Published: May 2020

Objective

Shortage of organ donors, a critical challenge for treatment of end-stage organ
failure, has motivated the development of alternative strategies to generate organs in
vitro. Here, we aim to describe the hepatorganoids, which is a liver tissue model
generated by three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of HepaRG cells and investigate its
liver functions in vitro and in vivo.

Design

3D bioprinted hepatorganoids (3DP-HOs) were constructed using HepaRG cells and
bioink, according to specific 3D printing procedures. Liver functions of 3DP-HOs were
detected after 7 days of differentiation in vitro, which were later transplanted into
Fah-deficient mice. The in vivo liver functions of 3DP-HOs were evaluated by survival
time and liver damage of mice, human liver function markers and human-specific
debrisoquine metabolite production.

Results

3DP-HOs broadly acquired liver functions, such as ALBUMIN secretion, drug
metabolism and glycogen storage after 7 days of differentiation. After transplantation
into abdominal cavity of
Fah-/-Rag2-/-
mouse model of liver injury, 3DP-HOs further matured and displayed increased synthesis
of liver-specific proteins. Particularly, the mice acquired human-specific drug
metabolism activities. Functional vascular systems were also formed in transplanted
3DP-HOs, further enhancing the material transport and liver functions of 3DP-HOs. Most
importantly, transplantation of 3DP-HOs significantly improved the survival of
mice.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated a comprehensive proof of principle, which indicated
that 3DP-HO model of liver tissues possessed in vivo hepatic functions and alleviated
liver failure after transplantation, suggesting that 3D bioprinting could be used to
generate human liver tissues as the alternative transplantation donors for treatment
of liver diseases.
Diffuse pneumonitis from coronavirus HKU1 on checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Authors: Serzan Michael T , Kumar Princy N , Atkins Michael B
Published: May 2020

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can produce specific immune-related adverse events including pneumonitis. The impact of ICI therapy on the severity of acute coronavirus infection symptomatology warrants further exploration.

Case presentation

We report a 65-year-old man diagnosed with stage IV melanoma who developed pulmonary and brain metastases and was treated with bilateral craniotomies followed by combined nivolumab and ipilimumab immunotherapy. He developed early-onset severe dyspnea associated with acute coronavirus HKU1 (non-COVID-19) infection, with diffuse pneumonitis evidenced by ground glass opacification on CT scan. He was treated with steroids leading to resolution of pneumonitis on repeat imaging, suggesting an exacerbated immune-mediated toxicity.

Conclusion

We report the first case of a patient with melanoma with severe and reversible diffuse pneumonitis in association with coronavirus HKU1 following combined nivolumab and ipilimumab immunotherapy. Although we do not have data on the impact of ICI therapy on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) symptomatology, a possible interaction should be considered when deciding on dosing in patients with possible SARS-CoV-2 exposure or when evaluating patients with presumed ICI-related pneumonitis during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Clinical impact of hydroxychloroquine dose adjustment according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology guidelines in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Vázquez-Otero Ileana , Medina-Cintrón Nicolle , Arroyo-Ávila Mariangelí , González-Sepúlveda Lorena , Vilá Luis M
Published: May 2020

Objective

The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends a maximum hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dose of ≤5.0 mg/kg/day to reduce the risk of HCQ-induced retinopathy. To determine if this dose adjustment would have an impact on the clinical course of SLE, we compared outcome measures in a cohort of patients with SLE before and after adjusting HCQ dose.

Methods

Sixty Puerto Ricans with SLE (per 1997 American College of Rheumatology criteria) treated with HCQ who were changed to HCQ ≤5.0 mg/kg/day were studied. Visits were ascertained every 6 months for 2 years before and 2 years after HCQ dose adjustment (baseline visit). Disease activity (per Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)), SLE exacerbations, emergency room visits, hospitalisations, disease damage (per Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index), corticosteroids exposure, prednisone dose and immunosuppressive drugs exposure were determined before and after HCQ dose change.

Results

At baseline visit, the mean age was 43.8±15.1 years. All patients were women. The mean disease duration was 13.8±9.1 years. After HCQ dose adjustment, patients required a lower prednisone dose when compared with visits before HCQ dose reduction. No significant differences were observed for mean SLEDAI scores, lupus exacerbations, emergency room visits, hospitalisations, disease damage and exposure to immunosuppressive drugs before and after HCQ dose adjustment.

Conclusions

This study suggests that adjustment of daily HCQ dose to ≤5.0 mg/kg/day of actual body weight does not have a significant impact on the short-term and mid-term outcomes in this group of patients with SLE.
The Canadian Water Resource Vulnerability Index to Permafrost Thaw (CWRVIPT)
Authors: Spence C. , Norris M. , Bickerton G. , Bonsal B.R. , Brua R. , Culp J.M. , Dibike Y. , Gruber S. , Morse P.D. , Peters D.L. , Shrestha R. , Wolfe S.A.
Published: May 2020

This study developed and applied a framework for assessing the vulnerability of pan-Canadian water resources to permafrost thaw. The national-scale work addresses a key, but neglected, information gap, as previous research has focused on small scale physical processes and circumpolar trends. The framework was applied to develop the Canadian Water Resources Vulnerability Index to Permafrost Thaw (CWRVIPT) and map the index across the Canadian North. The CWRVIPT is a linearly additive index of permafrost, terrain, disturbance, and climatic conditions and stressors that influence water budgets and aquatic chemistry. Initial results imply water resources in the western Northwest Territories and Hudson Bay Lowlands are most vulnerable to permafrost thaw; however, water resources on Banks, Victoria and Baffin Islands are also relatively vulnerable. Although terrain and permafrost sub-indices are the largest component of the CWRVIPT across a wide swath from the Mackenzie River Delta to the Hudson Bay Lowlands, the climate sub-index is most important farther north over parts of the southern portion of the Arctic Archipelago. The index can be used to identify areas of water resource vulnerability on which to focus observation and research in the Canadian North.
To feed or flee: early life-history behavioural strategies of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) during risk-sensitive foraging
Authors: Bjornson F. , Earhart M. , Anderson W.G.
Published: May 2020

Balancing foraging opportunities with predation risk can promote complex behavioural strategies in juvenile fishes, particularly in northern temperate environments with short growing seasons. To test how predation experience may influence foraging effort and risk assessment of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, 1817), flight response and substrate preference behavioural measurements were taken during critical life periods of early exogenous feeding (∼60 days post fertilization (dpf)) and pre-winter (∼160 dpf). Lake sturgeon were placed in arenas with partial cover and exposed white plastic bottom. Chemical alarm cue (AC) was introduced to predator naïve individuals in the presence or absence of food over the exposed portion of the arena to simulate risk sensitive foraging over diurnal and seasonal periods. The same protocol was run on predator-experienced individuals, which were classically conditioned to predator cue (PC) prior to the trials. Whole-body cortisol measures were also taken to determine the physiological response to predation experience. Results suggest a propensity to forage in spite of predation risk during the naïve ∼60 dpf trials and highlight context-specific anti-predator responses of naïve and experienced lake sturgeon. Elevated basal whole-body cortisol levels and reduced body condition (p < 0.05) were observed with increased predator experience.
Weyl type f(Q, T) gravity, and its cosmological implications
Authors: Xu Yixin , Harko Tiberiu , Shahidi Shahab , Liang Shi-Dong
Published: May 2020

We consider an f(Q, T) type gravity model in which the scalar non-metricity $$Q_{\alpha \mu \nu }$$Qαμν of the space-time is expressed in its standard Weyl form, and it is fully determined by a vector field $$w_{\mu }$$wμ. The field equations of the theory are obtained under the assumption of the vanishing of the total scalar curvature, a condition which is added into the gravitational action via a Lagrange multiplier. The gravitational field equations are obtained from a variational principle, and they explicitly depend on the scalar nonmetricity and on the Lagrange multiplier. The covariant divergence of the matter energy-momentum tensor is also determined, and it follows that the nonmetricity-matter coupling leads to the nonconservation of the energy and momentum. The energy and momentum balance equations are explicitly calculated, and the expressions of the energy source term and of the extra force are found. We investigate the cosmological implications of the theory, and we obtain the cosmological evolution equations for a flat, homogeneous and isotropic geometry, which generalize the Friedmann equations of standard general relativity. We consider several cosmological models by imposing some simple functional forms of the function f(Q, T), and we compare the predictions of the theory with the standard $$\Lambda $$ΛCDM model.
Drell–Yan production with the CCFM-K evolution
Authors: Golec-Biernat Krzysztof , Stebel Tomasz
Published: May 2020

We discuss the Drell–Yan dilepton production using the transverse momentum dependent parton distributions evolved with the Catani–Ciafaloni–Fiorani–Marchesini–Kwieciński (CCFM-K) equations in the single loop approximation. Such equations are obtained assuming angular ordering of emitted partons (coherence) for $$x\sim 1$$x∼1 and transverse momentum ordering for $$x \ll 1$$x≪1. This evolution scheme also contains the Collins–Soper–Sterman (CSS) soft gluon resummation. We make a comparison with a broad class of data on transverse momentum spectra of low mass Drell–Yan dileptons.
The Application of Fermentation Technology in Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Review
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Li , Fan Wenxiang , Jiang Yun , Zhang Chao , Li Jianghua , Peng Wei , Wu Chunjie
Published: May 2020

In Chinese medicine, fermentation is a highly important processing technology whereby medicinal herbs are fermented under appropriate temperature, humidity, and moisture conditions by means of the action of microorganisms to enhance their original characteristics and/or produce new effects. This expands the scope of such medicines and helps them to meet the stringent demands of clinical application. Since ancient times, Chinese medicine has been made into Yaoqu to reduce its toxicity and increase its efficiency. Modern fermentation technologies have been developed on the basis of traditional fermentation techniques and modern biological technology, and they can be divided into solid fermentation, liquid fermentation, and two-way fermentation technologies according to the fermentation form employed. This review serves as an introduction to traditional fermentation technology and its related products, modern fermentation technologies, and the application of fermentation technology in the field of Chinese medicine. Several problems and challenges facing the field are also briefly discussed.
A Holistic Approach for Automatic Deep Understanding and Protection of Technical Documents
Authors: Bourbakis Nikolaos , Mertoguno Sukarno
Published: May 2020

A Technical Document (TD) is mainly composed by a set of modalities appropriately structured and associated. These modalities could be NL-text, block diagrams, formulas, tables, graphics, pictures etc. A deep understanding of a TD will be based on the synergistic understanding and associations of these modalities. This paper offers a novel methodology for the implementation of a holistic approach for deep understanding of technical documents by understanding and associating these modalities. This approach is based on the homogeneous expression (mapping) of the technical document modalities into the same medium, which in this case is the Stochastic Petri-nets (SPN). Then, these modalities are associated to each other generating new knowledge about the technical document topic and a SPN simulator is created to offer additional information about the functional behavior of the system described in the document. Some results from our studies are provided to prove the overall concept.
Geometrothermodynamics of black hole binary systems
Authors: Quevedo Hernando , Quevedo María N. , Sánchez Alberto
Published: May 2020

We study a stationary and axisymmetric binary system composed of two identical Kerr black holes, whose physical parameters satisfy the Smarr thermodynamic formula. Then, we use the formalism of geometrothermodynamics to show that the spatial distance between the black holes must be considered as a thermodynamic variable. We investigate the main thermodynamic properties of the system by using the contact structure of the phase-space, which generates the first law of thermodynamics and the equilibrium conditions. The phase transition structure of the system is investigated through the curvature singularities of the equilibrium space. It is shown that the thermodynamic and stability properties and the phase transition structure of the binary system strongly depend on the distance between the black holes.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF EFFECTIVE PARAMETERS ON SURFACE QUALITY IN CORTICAL BONE MILLING PROCESS
Authors: QASEMI MAHDI , SHEIKHI M-MORAD , ZOLFAGHARI MOJTABA , TAHMASBI VAHID
Published: May 2020

Knee joint surgery for artificial joint replacement is common in orthopedic surgeries. In this operation, there is a need to prepare the surface of the cortical bone for mounting the artificial joint. Therefore, milling process is frequently performed. Since the surgeon should be careful not to hurt bone tissue and neurons and also minimize waste of blood, the operation should be performed in the shortest possible time. This study, for the first time, focuses on modeling and optimization of effective parameters of bone milling including cutting speed, feed rate and tool diameter on surface roughness and material removal rate using response surface method. Results showed that in order to achieve maximum surface quality, minimum feed rate, maximum tool diameter and down milling procedure should be selected. On the other hand, the maximum material removal rate coincides with maximum feed rate and tool diameter. Therefore, cutting speed of 3000[Formula: see text]rpm, feed rate of 50[Formula: see text]mm/min, tool diameter of 5[Formula: see text]mm and down milling procedure can satisfy both high surface quality and high material removal rate.
A new design of a low-power reversible Vedic multiplier
Authors: Rashno Meysam , Haghparast Majid , Mosleh Mohammad
Published: May 2020

In recent years, there has been an increasing tendency towards designing circuits based on reversible logic, and has received much attention because of preventing internal power dissipation. In digital computing systems, multiplier circuits are one of the most fundamental and practical circuits used in the development of a wide range of hardware such as arithmetic circuits and Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). Vedic multiplier, which is based on Urdhva Tiryakbhayam (UT) algorithm, has many applications in circuit designing because of its high speed in performing multiplication compared to other multipliers. In Vedic multipliers, partial products are obtained through vertical and cross multiplication. In this paper, we propose four [Formula: see text] reversible Vedic multiplier blocks and use each one of them in its right place. Then, we propose a [Formula: see text] reversible Vedic multiplier using the four aforementioned multipliers. We prove that our design leads to better results in terms of quantum cost, number of constant inputs and number of garbage outputs, compared to the previous ones. We also expand our proposed design to [Formula: see text] multipliers which enable us to develop our proposed design in every dimension. Moreover, we propose a formula in order to calculate the quantum cost of our proposed [Formula: see text] reversible Vedic multiplier, which allows us to calculate the quantum cost even before designing the multiplier.
Mixed-type curves and the lightcone frame in Minkowski 3-space
Authors: Liu Tongchang , Pei Donghe
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we study mixed-type curves in Minkowski 3-space. Mixed-type curves are regular curves, and there are both non-lightlike points and lightlike points in a mixed-type curve. For non-lightlike curves and null curves in Minkowski 3-space, we can study them by a Frenet frame or a Cartan frame, respectively. But for mixed-type curves, the two frames will not work. As far as we know, no one has yet given a frame to study them in Minkowski 3-space. So, we give the lightcone frame in order to provide a tool for studying this type curves in mathematical and physical research. As an application of the lightcone frame, we define an evolute of a mixed-type curve. We also give some examples to show the evolutes.
The Norwegian–Danish Basin: a dynamic setting for subsurface sand remobilization – established concepts on distribution and controlling factors
Authors: Andresen Katrine Juul
Published: May 2020

The Norwegian–Danish Basin is characterized by a depositional environment governed by incised valleys, localized sand deposition and rapid progradation of thick sediment packages during the Paleogene and Neogene. Subsurface sand injectites occur at five locations, with distinctive geometries and injection styles. Such vary from short-distance injectites where injected dykes and sills are in direct contact with the parent sand, to a long-distance sand extrudite >1 km vertically above the proposed parent sand. These endmembers establish the Norwegian–Danish Basin as a dynamic environment for subsurface sand remobilization. Although formation models exist for the injectites at each of the five locations, general considerations of sand injection mechanisms in the Norwegian–Danish Basin remain untested.

This study presents a synthesis of geometrical characteristics, sand injection style and controlling factors for sand injection in the Norwegian–Danish Basin. By reviewing the existing literature and including new data, the study qualitatively addresses the effects of parent-sand distribution on injection style at the five locations, the overpressure generating mechanisms and the importance of faulting as a trigger mechanism.

The results show that short-distance injectites typically occur in areas with a confined parent sand and that salt-related faulting is locally important as a trigger mechanism for sand remobilization. The main overpressure generating mechanism is differential loading and lateral transfer of pressure. The case studies also show a trend between larger depocentres required for remobilization of more distal parent sands relative to the depocentre. The results confirm the prevailing consensus that local conditions related to parent sand distribution and burial depth partly control injection geometry and style.
Gondwanan fragments in the southern Appalachians
Authors: Dennis A. J. , Miller B. V. , Hibbard J. P. , Tappa E. , Thunell R. C.
Published: May 2020

Upper-plate and lower-plate asymmetric passive margin fragments are preserved within Carolinia, one of several terranes that rifted from Gondwana in the Furongian (late Cambrian) to form the Rheic Ocean. In the upper plate, 1–2 km of preserved rocks are middle Cambrian (Drumian,
Ptychagnostus atavus
zone) trilobite-bearing mudstones that lie above an angular unconformity and are the youngest stratified rocks in Carolinia. In the lower plate, 4–5 km of stratigraphy preserved in the Kings Mountain terrane are particularly interesting, because a 4 km thick Cambrian Series 2 clastic sedimentary section increasingly dominated by western Amazonian detritus lies above a Carolinian volcanic arc basement. Here, we describe for the first time the origin and setting of the youngest rocks in the Appalachians of wholly Gondwanan origin.
RNA-binding protein HuR regulates translation of vitamin D receptor modulating rapid epithelial restitution after wounding
Authors: Zhang Yunzhan , Cai Jia-Zhong , Xiao Lan , Chung Hee K. , Ma Xiang-Xue , Chen Lin-Lin , Rao Jaladanki N. , Wang Jian-Ying
Published: May 2020

Homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium is tightly regulated by numerous extracellular and intracellular factors including vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelium and is implicated in many aspects of gut mucosal pathophysiology, but the exact mechanism that controls VDR expression remains largely unknown. The RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR) regulates the stability and translation of target mRNAs and thus modulates various cellular processes and functions. Here we report a novel role of HuR in the posttranscriptional control of VDR expression in the intestinal epithelium. The levels of VDR in the intestinal mucosa decreased significantly in mice with ablated HuR, compared with control mice. HuR silencing in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) also reduced VDR levels, whereas HuR overexpression increased VDR abundance; neither intervention changed cellular Vdr mRNA content. Mechanistically, HuR bound to Vdr mRNA via its 3′-untranslated region (UTR) and enhanced VDR translation in IECs. Moreover, VDR silencing not only inhibited IEC migration over the wounded area in control cells but also prevented the increased migration in cells overexpressing HuR, although it did not alter IEC proliferation in vitro and growth of intestinal organoids ex vivo. The human intestinal mucosa from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases exhibited decreased levels of both HuR and VDR. These results indicate that HuR enhances VDR translation by directly interacting with its mRNA via 3′-UTR and that induced VDR by HuR is crucial for rapid intestinal epithelial restitution after wounding.
Cardiac tissue remodeling in healthy aging: the road to pathology
Authors: Tracy Evan , Rowe Gabrielle , LeBlanc Amanda J.
Published: May 2020

This review aims to highlight the normal physiological remodeling that occurs in healthy aging hearts, including changes that occur in contractility, conduction, valve function, large and small coronary vessels, and the extracellular matrix. These “normal” age-related changes serve as the foundation that supports decreased plasticity and limited ability for tissue remodeling during pathophysiological states such as myocardial ischemia and heart failure. This review will identify populations at greater risk for poor tissue remodeling in advanced age along with present and future therapeutic strategies that may ameliorate dysfunctional tissue remodeling in aging hearts.
Thermal injury initiates pervasive fibrogenesis in skeletal muscle
Authors: Brightwell Camille R. , Hanson Madeline E. , El Ayadi Amina , Prasai Anesh , Wang Ye , Finnerty Celeste C. , Fry Christopher S.
Published: May 2020

Severe burn injury induces a myriad of deleterious effects to skeletal muscle, resulting in impaired function and delayed recovery. Following burn, catabolic signaling and myofiber atrophy are key fiber-intrinsic determinants of weakness; less well understood are alterations in the interstitial environment surrounding myofibers. Muscle quality, specifically alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM), modulates force transmission and strength. We sought to determine the impact of severe thermal injury on adaptation to the muscle ECM and quantify muscle fibrotic burden. After a 30% total body surface area dorsal burn, spinotrapezius muscle was harvested from mice at 7 (7d, n = 5), 14 (14d, n = 4), and 21 days (21d, n = 4), and a sham control group was also examined (Sham, n = 4). Expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), myostatin, and downstream effectors and proteases involved in fibrosis and collagen remodeling were measured by immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses assessed fibrogenic cell abundance and collagen deposition. Myostatin signaling increased progressively through 21 days postburn alongside fibrogenic/adipogenic progenitor cell expansion, with abundance peaking at 14 days postburn. Postburn, elevated expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 supported collagen remodeling resulting in a net accumulation of muscle collagen content. Collagen accumulation peaked at 14 days postburn but remained elevated through 21 days postburn, demonstrating minimal resolution of burn-induced fibrosis. These findings highlight a progressive upregulation of fibrogenic processes following burn injury, eliciting a fibrotic muscle phenotype that hinders regenerative capacity and is not resolved with 21 days of recovery.
Estrogen regulates the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in differentiated airway epithelial cells
Authors: Stelzig Kimberly E. , Canepa-Escaro Fabrizio , Schiliro Marta , Berdnikovs Sergejs , Prakash Y. S. , Chiarella Sergio E.
Published: May 2020

There is marked sexual dimorphism in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here we report that estrogen can regulate the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a key component for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry, in differentiated airway epithelial cells. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms by which sex steroids regulate SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.
Bilateral and asymmetrical contributions of passive and active ankle plantar flexors stiffness to spasticity in humans with spinal cord injury
Authors: Chen Bing , Sangari Sina , Lorentzen Jakob , Nielsen Jens B. , Perez Monica A.
Published: May 2020

Spasticity affects a number of people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Using biomechanical, electrophysiological, and clinical assessments, we found that passive muscle properties and active spinal reflex mechanisms contribute bilaterally and asymmetrically to spasticity in ankle plantarflexor muscles in humans with chronic SCI. A self-reported questionnaire had poor agreement with the Modified Ashworth Scale in detecting asymmetries in spasticity. The nature of these changes might contribute to the poor sensitivity of clinical exams.
Use-dependent plasticity explains aftereffects in visually guided locomotor learning of a novel step length asymmetry
Authors: Wood Jonathan M. , Kim Hyosub E. , French Margaret A. , Reisman Darcy S. , Morton Susanne M.
Published: May 2020

Use-dependent plasticity, or learning from repetition, is an important process for upper extremity reaching tasks, but its contribution to walking is not well established. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a dose-dependent, use-dependent process during visually guided treadmill walking. We also show that sensory prediction errors, previously thought to drive aftereffects in similar locomotor learning paradigms, do not appear to play a significant role in visually driven learning of a novel step asymmetry during treadmill walking.
Estradiol decreases medium spiny neuron excitability in female rat nucleus accumbens core
Authors: Proaño Stephanie B. , Meitzen John
Published: May 2020

The present study shows, for the first time, that an estrous cycle-relevant estradiol exposure modulates nucleus accumbens neuron excitability. This evidence provides insight into the neuroendocrine mechanisms by which estradiol cyclically alters neuron properties during the estrous cycle. Overall, these data emphasize the significant influence of hormone action in the brain and especially individual neuron physiology.
Rewards interact with explicit knowledge to enhance skilled motor performance
Authors: Anderson Sean P. , Adkins Tyler J. , Gary Bradley S. , Lee Taraz G.
Published: May 2020

Offering people rewards and incentives typically improves their performance on skilled motor tasks. However, the mechanisms by which motivation impacts motor skills remains unclear. In two experiments, we show that motivation impacts motor sequencing skills in two separate ways. First, the prospect of reward speeds up the execution of all actions. Second, rewards provide an additional boost to motor planning when explicit skill knowledge can be used to prepare movements in advance.
Dynamic Characteristics of a Vibrating Flip-Flow Screen and Analysis for Screening 3 mm Iron Ore
Authors: Yu Chi , Wang Xinwen , Pang Kunfeng , Zhao Guofeng , Sun Wenpeng
Published: May 2020

Deep dry screening is the key unit in mineral processing. A vibrating flip-flow screen (VFFS) can provide effective solutions for screening fine-grained minerals, and it has been extensively used in many industrial fields. An accurate dynamic model of VFFS considering the influence of materials is significant for its dynamic analysis and screening process research, but it has rarely been studied in detail. In this paper, an improved dynamic model of VFFS is proposed and its dynamic equations are solved to find the reasonable operating condition, and experiments are carried out to verify the reasonability of the proposed model under no-load and loading materials conditions. Furthermore, the method of multistage sampling and multilayer screening is also applied to evaluate the screening performance of iron ore at 3 mm cut size on VFFS. Results show that when the mass of materials, relative amplitude, and operating frequency have values of 107 kg, about 6 mm and 80.79 rad/s, respectively, the screening efficiency gradually increases with an increase of screening length, reaching 89.05%; however, it does not change much when the screening length exceeds 1900.8 mm. Additionally, the misplaced materials of coarse particles will continue to increase as the screening length increases. This provides theoretical and technical support for the optimization of the length of the VFFS.