bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profit Shifting and “Aggressive” Tax Planning by Multinational Firms: Issues and Options for Reform
Authors: Fuest C. , Spengel C. , Finke K. , Heckemeyer J.H. , Nusser H.
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the issue of profit shifting and “aggressive” tax planning by multinational firms. The article makes two contributions. First, it provides some background information to the debate by giving a brief overview of existing empirical studies on profit shifting and by describing arrangements for IP-based profit shifting which are used by the companies currently accused of avoiding taxes. We then show that preventing this type of tax avoidance is, in principle, straightforward. Second, we argue that, in the short-term, policymakers should focus on extending withholding taxes in an internationally coordinated way. Other measures which are currently being discussed, in particular unilateral measures, like limitations on interest and license deduction, fundamental reforms of the international tax system and country-by-country reporting, are either economically harmful or need to be elaborated much further before their introduction can be considered.
Review of "Relatos travestidos: escritoras victorianas en voz masculina," trans. and ed. by Mayron E. Cantillo
Authors: Ramos Cedrés Sarai
Published: December 2023

Review of:
Cantillo, Mayron E., trans. and ed.: Relatos travestidos: escritoras victorianas en voz masculina, Valencia, JPM Ediciones, 2020, ISBN-13: ‎978-8415499541, 134 pp.
Profesionalización académica y organización departamental en los debates de la Asamblea Universitaria de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (1958)
Authors: Luchilo Lucas
Published: December 2023

El Estatuto de la Universidad de Buenos Aires elaborado en 1958 representó la codificación de un conjunto de ideas, criterios y dispositivos acerca de cómo debía ser esa universidad después de la experiencia peronista. Basado en una lectura de la historia previa de la universidad y en una experiencia reciente de gobierno corta pero muy productiva, los asambleístas dieron forma a un marco normativo que presidió la vida de la UBA entre 1958 y 1966 y desde 1983 hasta la actuali- dad. En este trabajo se abordan los debates sobre dos de los aspectos fundamentales del programa universitario del grupo modernizador de la UBA: la profesionalización académica y la organización departamental. Para ello se utilizan las versiones taquigráficas de la Asamblea, una fuente muy interesante y muy poco explorada, en la que se manifiestan los argumentos, acuerdos y controversias de los principales actores de la política universitaria de esa época.
“This Is Not a Foreign Agents Law”
Authors: Korkea-aho Emilia
Published: December 2023

On Tuesday, 12 December 2023, the Commission adopted its long-awaited Defence of Democracy package, which includes a Proposal for a Directive on Transparency of Interest Representation on behalf of Third Countries. Dubravka Šuica, Commissioner for Democracy and Demography seemed eager to clarify what the Directive is not. Šuica emphasised that the Directive “is not a foreign agents law”. But the more a statement is repeated, the less credible it appears. Rather, the opposite appears to be true. And so, the devil is not in the name, it lies in enforcement. Despite the Commission’s assertion that full harmonisation of the Directive prevents Member States from gold-plating or potentially worse activities, the Commission has limited control over how Member States apply and enforce their national laws. This is the biggest risk of the proposal.
The EU’s Pacing Problem
Authors: Emborg Tekla
Published: December 2023

The EU regulators face a pacing problem. This has been demonstrated several times during the legislative process of the AI Act itself: for example, the initial Commission proposal from 2021 did not include a definition of General Purpose AI (GPAI). The proposal did not anticipate the rise of Large Language Models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 but only addressed AI systems designed for specific purposes. This lacuna in the original proposal has haunted the EU Parliament, Council and Commission in the past final weeks of the trilogue negotiations, where the inclusion of so-called Frontier Models has been hotly contested. This blog post explores potential boosters for the EU's capacity to regulate AI: delegated legislation, soft law, and a centralized AI office.
IMPACT EFFECT ON THE EXISTING AND STRENGTHENED REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS
Authors: ERDEM R. Tuğrul , GÜCÜYEN Engin
Published: December 2023

Reinforced concrete (RC) columns are the main vertical elements in the buildings. Superstructure loads are transferred to the foundation by the columns whose design involves sufficient section sizes with longitudinal and transverse reinforcements. However, RC columns are required to be strengthened when low concrete quality and lack of reinforcement is stated. The most common strengthening technique for the RC columns is jacketing. In this method, strength of the existing column is improved by concreting and installing jacketing reinforcements. Although columns are designed according to several vertical and lateral load combinations, impact loads whose effects may reach very high values at short notice are not regarded. In the scope of this study, impact behavior of the existing and strengthened RC columns is numerically investigated. For this purpose, non-linear incremental dynamic analysis is carried out by Abaqus software that is widely utilized by engineers for such solutions. Acceleration, displacement and impact load values as well as crack patterns are obtained after numerical analysis. The results are comparatively presented for the existing and the strengthened columns. Analysis outputs reveal that proposed finite element models give an opinion about the impact responses of the RC columns. Consequently, it is evaluated that this study may make contribution to the researchers generating non-linear analysis without having to perform impact experiments that require high costs and heavy workloads in the laboratory conditions.
Evaporación de agua del suelo en bosque de pino alepo en el sureste de Coahuila
Authors: Gutiérrez Castillo Julián , Arredondo Valdés Telma M.
Published: December 2023

En zonas áridas y semiáridas, la evaporación del agua del suelo es un proceso hidrológico de gran importancia que se debe considerar en la toma de decisiones para el manejo de los recursos naturales; sin embargo, muy pocos estudios incluyen este proceso. Los objetivos de este estudio consistieron en estimar la evaporación en áreas reforestadas con pino alepo (Pinus halepensis Mill) de diferentes edades de plantación (6, 11 y 15 años), en las cuatro estaciones del año (1994-1995) y estudiar las variables del tiempo atmosférico concurrentes. La evaporación se midió durante siete días por medio de microlisímetros a partir de suelos totalmente saturados. La evaporación fue muy similar entre los sitios de estudio y fluctuó de 8 a 11 mm en el primer día y de 1 a 2 mm en el séptimo, durante las estaciones: primavera, verano y otoño. En invierno, la evaporación varió de 5.2 a 8.2 el primer día y de 2 a 3 mm en el séptimo. Se concluye que no existe diferencia en evaporación del agua entre sitios de reforestación pero si en cuanto a las estaciones del año y que la humedad relativa, la velocidad del viento, la temperatura máxima y la radiación solar influyen de manera importante.
Mejoradores de suelo, zinc y reguladores de crecimiento en el cultivo de papa Solanum tuberosum, L. en Arteaga, Coahuila
Authors: Narro Farías Eduardo A. , Delgado Ibarra Rodolfo , Lasso Mendoza Luis Miguel , Silveyra Medina Javier S.
Published: December 2023

Las características de los suelos agrícolas de la Sierra de Arteaga, Coahuila, constituyen una limitante en la obtención de altos rendimientos de papa. En base a lo anterior, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es el mejorar las condiciones del suelo y las funciones que éste desempaña en beneficio de las plantas, estimular las plantas mediante reguladores de crecimiento y aplicación foliar de zinc para producir un crecimiento más rápido, vigoroso y ramificado del sistema radical, que explore un mayor volumen de suelo, tenga mayor cantidad de nutrimentos y agua disponibles y se genere un mayor potencial de rendimiento.  Durante 1986 se estableció un experimento en la Sierra de Arteaga, para evaluar dos dosis de estiércol bovino (0 y 20 ton/ha), tres dosis de NZN (0,7.5 y 15 l/ha) y tres dosis de la mezcla ácido indolbutírico - ácido naftalenacético aplicados a los tubérculos "semilla" de papa (0,100 y 200 ppm).  La incorporación de estiércol al suelo incrementó la disponibilidad del agua y de nutrimentos para las plantas y mejoró otras características del suelo. La densidad de raíces fue afectada favorablemente en todos los tratamientos estudiados y especialmente en respuesta a la adición de estiércol y 7.5 l/ha de NZN. El rendimiento estuvo relacionado con la densidad de raíces.  Aunque el cultivo se desvaró en verde, unos 20 días antes de alcanzar el máximo rendimiento posible, los valores obtenidos fueron muy superiores a la media regional y al testigo comercial y los rendimientos más altos correspondieron a los tratamientos estiércol + 7.5 I de NZN/ha y al de estiércol + 100 ppm de AIB- ANA, con 58 y 53 ton/ha respectivamente.
My Experiences in the Lives of Students
Authors: Darlong Joel Lalengliana
Published: December 2023

This paper examines my role as a teacher in educating students who have no idea what Sociology is and preparing them for their higher studies. Understanding my purpose as a teacher and what motivated me to become a teacher/educator in order to assist students in developing their strategic approach to the upcoming board examination, as well as what the subjective is all about. This article demonstrates how my experience has shaped my students and me into my better selves, as well as what is possible if we all strive to do the shame
Analysis of Product Quality on Interest in Buying Makuku Products
Authors: Siti Mabrur Rachmah
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Product Quality on Purchase Intention Makuku product. This research uses quantitative research type. The data source of this research is primary data by using consumer and buyer of Makuku as sample. Data were collected by accidental sampling with 40 respondents of Makuku. This study uses simple regression analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the Product Quality significantly influence the Purchase Intention of Makuku.
Identification of Anesthetic-Induced Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery Using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Hou Jinxiu , Li Jing
Published: December 2023

Background: This study aimed to select anesthesia-induced zinc finger protein-related gene biomarkers that predict cardiovascular function during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods: Gene expression data from GSE4386 included 20 post-anesthesia and 20 pre-anesthesia atrial tissue samples. Zinc finger protein-related genes (ZFPRGs) were searched in the UniProt database and anesthesia-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to screen hub genes, and three machine learning algorithms were used to further screen for cardiovascular biomarkers. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using a nomogram model. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to analyze the pathways enriched by the biomarkers. A microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA-transcription factor (TF) regulatory network was established to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of these biomarkers. Disease-related drugs were predicted using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Results: A total of 1102 cardioprotection-related DEGs were selected between the pre- and post-anesthesia groups. Additionally, 1095 hub genes were obtained based on WGCNA, and 2274 ZFPRGs were downloaded from the UniProt database. After Venn analysis and machine learning, ZNF420, RNF135, and BNC2 were selected as cardioprotection-related zinc finger biomarkers during OPCABG. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and nomogram models confirmed the diagnostic value and accuracy of the three cardioprotective biomarkers. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that ZNF420 is involved in the cell cycle and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. RNF135 and BNC2 were enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. In the constructed miRNA-mRNA-TF network, miR-182-5p and miR-16-5p simultaneously regulated three cardioprotective biomarkers. Conclusion: Three cardioprotection-related zinc finger protein biomarkers (ZNF420, RNF135, and BNC2) were identified using OPCABG samples.
Elevated AST/ALT (De Ritis) Ratio is a Risk Factor of Drainage Volume after Aortic Arch Surgery
Authors: Yan Weidong , Zhang Qiaoni , Wang Tianlong , Sun Jing , Qian Xiangyang , Ji Bingyang
Published: December 2023

Background: To examine the correlation between the preoperative elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) (De Ritis) ratio and the drainage volume in patients after aortic arch surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018. The exposure factor was the preoperative AST/ALT ratio and the primary outcome was the total amount of the drainage volume. The optimal AST/ALT ratio cutoff value was determined by the maximum Youden index. Accordingly, we defined the ratio ≥0.92 as a high AST/ALT ratio and <0.92 as a low AST/ALT ratio. Based on the median drainage volume of all participants, we dichotomized the study population: patients with a total drainage volume of 1670 mL or more were classified into high-output group (HOPG) and the remaining patients were classified into the low-output group (LOPG). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the correlation between the elevated AST/ALT ratio and drainage volume. Results: 425 participants were enrolled. 213 participants were divided into the LOPG and the others were in the HOPG. 244 participants were divided into the low AST/ALT ratio group. In the univariable logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% condifence interval (CI) for the large drainage volume in participants with elevated AST/ALT ratio were 1.810 and 1.226–2.670 (p = 0.003). After adjustments with the confounders, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed an elevated AST/ALT ratio was significantly associated with the total amount of drainage volume (OR = 1.725, 95% CI 1.115–2.669, p = 0.014). Conclusions: Preoperative elevated AST/ALT ratio is an independent risk factor for the pericardial and mediastinal drainage volume in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery. It might represent a novel marker for individual risk assessment for cardiac surgery.
The Postoperative Platelet to Creatinine Ratio as A Prognostic Index of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Wang Yaman , Qiu Shengfeng , Chen Ying , Cheng Xiangjun , Zhou Jun
Published: December 2023

Background: The purpose of the investigation was to assess the value of post-operation platelet to creatinine ratio (PCR) in predicting in-hospital mortality among patients with acute type A aortic dissection (TAAAD). Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from January 2017 to December 2019. The best cutoff value of post-operation PCR was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Patients were divided into survivors and nonsurvivors. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were carried out to identify independent risk factors influencing in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 171 patients were included in this investigation, with an in-hospital mortality rate of 18.1%. The optimal cut-off value of post-operation PCR was 0.7242 (area under the ROC curve (AUC): 0.798, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.730–0.856, p < 0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 74.2% and 74.3%. The levels of post-operation PCR were lower in nonsurvivors than in survivors (0.56 ± 0.33 vs. 1.50 ± 1.36, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed that post-operation PCR was positively related to in-hospital survivors when confounding factors were adjusted (HR = 8.850, 95% CI = 2.611–30.303, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Post-operative PCR is a readily accessible and cost-effective biomarker that is independently associated with in-hospital mortality in TAAAD patients. Furthermore, it exhibits superior performance in predicting patient outcomes following surgery.
Aplicación del diseño centrado en el usuario en curso universitario de interacción humano computadora para estudiantes de ingeniería en computación
Authors: Toledo Toledo Guadalupe , Nieva García Omar , Bezares Molina Francisco Gabriel
Published: December 2023

La Ingeniería de Software (ISW) y la Interacción Humano Computadora (IHC) son dos disciplinas que persiguen productos de calidad; la primera, a partir de los requerimientos funcionales construidos en un ciclo de vida específico y la segunda se focaliza en los gustos y preferencias a través del diseño centrado en el usuario (DCU). En este artículo se presenta una propuesta metodológica para el desarrollo de prototipos de software usando el DCU mediante plantillas guía. Se busca involucrar a los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Computación en proyectos de su interés, integrando temas de IHC en etapas de análisis y diseño principalmente, asegurando una mejor implementación y liberación del software cuando la ISW participe. Se explica el uso de las plantillas sugeridas a través del estudio de un caso, con resultados prometedores que muestran su utilidad como una primera aproximación al desarrollo de software de calidad.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Postoperative Early Relapse and Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: He Yongzhu , Luo Laihui , Shan Renfeng , Qian Junlin , Cui Lifeng , Wu Zhao , Tu Shuju , Zhang WenJian , Lin Wei , Tang Hongtao , Huang Zeyu , Li Zhigang , Mao Shengping , Li Hui , Hu Zemin , Liu Liping , Shen Wei , He Kun , Li Yong
Published: December 2023

Background: Early relapse after hepatectomy presents a significant challenge in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to construct and validate a novel nomogram model for predicting early relapse and survival after hepatectomy for HCC. Patients and Methods: We conducted a large-scale, multicenter retrospective analysis of 1,505 patients with surgically treated HCC from 4 medical centers. All patients were randomly divided into either the training cohort (n=1,053) or the validation cohort (n=452) in a 7:3 ratio. A machine learning–based nomogram model for prediction of HCC was established by integrating multiple risk factors that influence early relapse and survival, which were identified from preoperative clinical data and postoperative pathologic characteristics of the patients. Results: The median time to early relapse was 7 months, whereas the median time from early relapse to death was only 19 months. The concordance indexes of the postoperative nomogram for predicting disease-free survival and overall survival were 0.741 and 0.739, respectively, with well-calibrated curves demonstrating good consistency between predicted and observed outcomes. Moreover, the accuracy and predictive performance of the postoperative nomograms were significantly superior to those of the preoperative nomogram and the other 7 HCC staging systems. The patients in the intermediate- and high-risk groups of the model had significantly higher probabilities of early and critical recurrence (P<.001), whereas those in the low-risk group had higher probabilities of late and local recurrence (P<.001). Conclusions: This postoperative nomogram model can better predict early recurrence and survival and can serve as a useful tool to guide clinical treatment decisions for patients with HCC.
Efektivitas Kinetic Typography dalam Pembuatan Motion Graphic “Tingkatkan Skor TOEFL® ITP, Join LIA
Authors: Muhammad Aldryansyah Pamungkas  , Amelia Setya Puspa  , Ratu Hasna Tsana Khoerunnisa  , Amata Fami
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas motion graphic yang menggunakan teknik kinetic typography tipe scrolling typography dalam mengenalkan kursus TOEFL® di Lembaga Bahasa LIA. Studi ini memanfaatkan pendekatan pengembangan multimedia Villamil-Molina yang melibatkan beberapa langkah, seperti tahap pengembangan, praproduksi, produksi, pasca produksi, dan delivery. Sedangkan metode analisis yang digunakan adalah melakukan uji ahli dengan analisis likert, kemudian dilanjutkan uji efektivitas menggunakan metode EPIC model. Temuan penting yang ada di penelitian ini adalah pada tahap uji ahli diperoleh dengan rata-rata kelayakan sebesar 3.1 dengan kategori “cukup layak”. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka disimpulkan bahwa pembuatan motion graphic dengan teknik kinetic typography tipe scrolling typography “efektif” untuk memperkenalkan kursus persiapan TOEFL® kepada target audiens.
A Case Report of Hepatosplenomegaly Due to Chronic Salmonellosis in Holstein Calves
Authors: ERTÜRK Alper , ÜNGÜR Selçuk
Published: December 2023

In this case report, our aim was to present the clinical, macroscopic, bacteriological, and antibiogram results of a chronic salmonellosis case in calves on a dairy farm. A total of 12 Holstein calves weaned at 75-90 days of age on a dairy farm with clinical signs were presented in the case report. The calves displayed intermittent fever, diarrhea, and pneumonia that did not respond to treatment. The most notable finding at necropsy was hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis of Salmonella spp. was confirmed from the samples taken from the calves, and antibiograms revealed the resistance to many antibiotics. The disease did not recur following attention to management practices and application of protective hyperimmune serum. The presented case report emphasizes that chronic Salmonella spp. infection may lead to severe losses in calves, highlighting pathological findings, antibiotic resistance, and preventive and management practices.
الايجاب في عقد الإذعان
Authors: أ.م.د مالك دحام متعب
Published: December 2023

نتيجة للتطورات التكنولوجية وحاجات الإنسان الاقتصادية ظهرت عقود الإذعان فقد كان لهذه التطورات بالغ الأثر في اختلال عملية التوازن بين القوى الاقتصادية الفاعلة في الحياة التي أدت إلى تفاوت خطير بين طرفي العقد من الناحية الاقتصادية. ولقد لعب التطور التكنولوجي الهائل وما نشأ عنه من تنوع في الخدمات والسلع والمنتجات الأثر الفاعل في عملية صياغة العقود وتقوية النزعة الاستهلاكية لدى الإفراد وحثهم على التعاقد دون مناقشة أو مفاوضة للشروط المفروضة عليهم وقد ساهم ذلك في اتساع نطاق التعاقد وفق شروط موحدة عامة مجردة معدة مسبقا من قبل أحد طرفي العقد. إذ أن واضع هذه الشروط في الأغلب هو الطرف المتمتع بالقوة التعاقدية سواء كان ذلك من الناحية القانونية أو الاقتصادية. وتعد عقود الإذعان مجالا واسعا لظهور الشروط التعسفية، ولا يعني هذا عدم وجودها في العقود التي تتم بناء على تفاوض بين الطرفين ومنها عقود الإستهلاك وخاصة العقود المحررة مسبقا . وهذا نتيجة ظهور الاقتصادي الإستهلاكي والسرعة في التسويق مع التطور التكنولوجي.
Türkiye’de Tarım Piyasaları İzleme, Değerlendirme ve Erken Uyarı: Mevcut Durum ve Yeni Yönelimler
Authors: CEYHAN Vedat
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada, tarım piyasaları izleme, değerlendirme ve erken uyarı bağlamında Türkiye’deki mevcut durumu ortaya koymak ve tarım ekosisteminde yer alan aktörlerden sağlanan gerçek zamanlı verilerin analiz sonuçlarına dayalı piyasa izleme ve değerlendirme yapabilecek bir model önerisi geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada konuya ilişkin daha önce yapılmış ulusal ve uluslararası araştırmalardan ve ilgili taraflarla yapılan bireysel görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Tarım piyasaları izleme ve değerlendirme açısından mevcut durumun ortaya konulmasında güçlü yönler, zayıf yönler, fırsatlar, tehditler (GZFT) analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Tarım piyasaları izleme ve değerlendirilmesi bağlamında yaşanan gelişmeler ve küresel eğilimler literatüre dayalı olarak ve iyi uygulama örnekleri esas alınarak ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları Türkiye’de tarım piyasalarının olması gereken düzeyde izlenemediğini, izlemeyi ve erken uyarı fonksiyonunu yerine getirecek toparlayıcı bir organizasyon yapısının olmadığını ve izleme-değerlendirmede teknolojiden yeterli düzeyde yararlanılamadığını göstermiştir. Çalışma sonuçları ayrıca değişen dünya koşulları sebebiyle hassas yönetim ile veri ve bilgi teknolojisine dayalı karar süreçlerini öngören yeni değerler dizisine geçilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma Türkiye’de hali hazırda uygulanan geleneksel tarım piyasaları izleme yaklaşımından, dijital teknolojilerle (blok zincir, nesnelerin interneti vb.) gerçek zamanlı verilerin elde edilip bu verilerin makine ve derin öğrenmesi, yapay zekâ vb. gibi analiz yöntemleriyle analiz edilerek karar sürecinin işletildiği yeni değerler dizisine geçilmesi için gerekli çalışmaların yapılmasını önermektedir.
Impact of Floods on Kenyan Women: A Critical Review of Media Coverage, Institutional Response and Opportunities for Gender Responsive Mitigation
Authors: Ochola Elizabeth , Akinyi Marygorety
Published: December 2023

Natural disasters pose serious threat to human life and livelihoods. Kenya is perennially exposed to floods, landslides and drought due to effects of climate change. Flooding is particularly rampant in Western Kenya and women are disproportionately affected due the important roles they play in rural economies particularly in agriculture, the informal sector as well as household survival. The media is always at hand to capture the details of the catastrophe with press reports highlighting the specific experiences of individuals, and the prevailing conditions of the affected villages including: destruction of shelter, displacement and loss of livelihoods. Similarly, Government and Non–Governmental agencies move into the affected communities to provide the much-needed support. This study reviews existing institutional literature and media coverage reports to examine  the  specific  flood  related  vulnerabilities  among  women  in  Western Kenya in order to identify existing gaps.Women experience specific difficulties in performing their traditional family roles, and are often unable to meet their personal hygiene and sanitation needs but are largely missing from the decision forums where Disaster Risk Reduction is discussed leading to lack of prioritization of their specific needs. The lessons drawn from this study should inform gender responsive mitigation efforts and resilience capacity building.
Simultaneous Determination of the Relationship between Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, Trade and the Environment in West Africa
Authors: Ayadi Folorunso Sunday
Published: December 2023

Energy plays important roles in human lives and economic growth. Energy use however,  have  its  environmental  impacts.  Economic  growth  may  also  be
achieved through international trade and this can also impact the environment
by increasing energy consumption and consequently, pollution. To this end, this study  examined  the  interrelatedness  of  energy  consumption,  environmental
pollution, international trade and the economic growth in nine of the West
African countries from 1990 to 2018 using the method of two stage least squares (2SLS). The study found contrary to expectation, that economic growth and international trade have no significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions in West Africa. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Financial Development (FD) have no significant impact on carbon dioxide emission in West Africa. Trade openness significantly increased emission in the West African countries. Energy consumption, in  conformity  with  economic  theory  has  positively  contributed significantly  to  the  rise  in  carbon  emission  in  West  African  states.  Trade openness significantly increases economic growth. Other results indicate that economic growth bears no significant influence on energy consumption. This is a  benefit  rather  than  a  problem  as  de-linking  energy  consumption  from economic growth is a good objective of any government. Urbanization significantly increased energy consumption in West Africa. Lastly, foreign direct investment, significantly contributed positively to trade growth in West Africa. This study recommends a switch to more renewable and clean sources of energy as opposed to the fossil-based energy sources in order to de-link energy demand from emissions in their countries. Governments can also encourage the development and use of energy efficient technology or enact energy conservation policies so as to reduce fossil - fuels use among others.
Women Participation in Tourism Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Minjingu Village, Manyara Region
Authors: Gara Sabas John , Mhache Emanuel Patroba
Published: December 2023

Women's participation in the tourism industry contributes to the initiation of self-development projects.  This study aimed at identifying tourism opportunities found in   Minjingu   Village by   examining factors which   affect women's participation in tourism business opportunities and strategise ways for improvement.   To this effect, the study employed grounded theory, resource- based theory and financial capital theory were reviewed. Primary data was collected using questionnaires, interview, and observation. Secondary data was collected from various published studies like books and journals. The sample of 327   was picked for the study population of which   317   were women entrepreneurs and 10 were women leaders, village executive officer, hotel operators and tour operators. Data was analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS version 16.0). The findings revealed that, the presence of tourism activities and services such as accommodation, game drive, cultural attraction sites; they provided various tourism entrepreneurial opportunities to women. They included selling items ranging from beads, woven baskets, curio and other cultural articles to tourists. Further, findings showed that, lack of financial capital and business skills, unstable market due to COVID-19 pandemic; and business competition significantly affected women participation in tourism business. The study concluded that women required to be empowered financially and in capacity building in various aspects to enable them to participate fully in tourism entrepreneurial activities for income generation. It recommended tourism stakeholders should establish centres for business skills training and provide financial support to improve women active participation in tourism business.
الفرق بين الوجوب ووجوب الأداء عند الإمام الزركشي (دراسة أصولية مقارنة)
Authors: م.د. مصطفى محمد حامد عطيوي
Published: December 2023

الحمدلله الذي بنعمته تتم الصالحات والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وبعد: فإن موضوع الفروق الأصولية من أهم المباحث التي أعتنى بها علماء الأصول، كونها تزيل الاشكال وترفع الالتباس الواقع بين كثير من المصطلحات الأصولية التي تكاد تتشابه في ظاهرها الى حد كبير وتختلف في ماهيتها ومدلولها مما ينتج عن  ذلك اختلافا في الأحكام المبنية عليها، فتشتد الحاجة هنا لتحديد الحدود والتفريق بين المحدود، لذلك أهتم علماء الأصول بذكر الفروق في مواضع متفرقة من مصنفاتهم عند وقوع اشكال أو تشابه بين مصطلحين متشابهين، فقد تناول البحث الفرق بين الوجوب ووجوب الأداء عند الإمام الزركشي بدراسة أصولية مقارنة، وخلُص بعدد من النتائج أهمها: إن الإمام الزركشي لم يفرق بين الوجوب ووجوب الأداء وهو مذهب غالب العلماء، وفرق بعض السادة الحنفية بين الوجوب ووجوب الأداء، وإن التفريق بينهما له أثر في الأحكام المبنية على كل من المصطلحين.
THE MAIN ASPECTS OF THE EFFECT OF MENINGITIS ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors: Jafarovа K.E.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to meningitis in children. The author touched upon such questions as a severe form of meningitis, meningococcal infection, effects on the central nervous system, meningoencephalitis, etc. Diagnostics, especially differential diagnosis of meningitis, were considered. Various foreign sources on this topic have been analyzed.
СOMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES AT CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING POLYNEUROPATHY AND HEREDITARY MOTORSENSORY NEUROPATHY TYPE 1
Authors: Orzheshkovskyi V.V.
Published: December 2023

Results of the carried-out comparative analysis of nerve conduction studies indicators of 78 patients with demyelinating polyneuropathy (40 patients with the chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and 38 with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (NMSN) of type 1). It is revealed that nerve conduction studies characteristics of CIDP and NMSN of type 1 have similar lines in connection with the similar mechanism of a pathogeny - demyelination. The distinctive characteristic is uniformity of distribution of demyelinationat NMSN of type 1 in the form of uniform reduction of motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and compound motor action potential in the majority of the lesion peripheral nerves of extremities and high correlation dependence of indicators of NCV on tibialis on a longitudinal axis and with NCV on n.medialis and amplitude indicators at stimulation of n.medialis at patients with NMSN of type 1; patients with CIDP have a high variability and a symmetry of defeat with existence of conduction blocks and high correlation communication of amplitude indicators at stimulation of n.tibialis in distal and proximal departments.
Climate Changes and Mango Production (Temperature)
Authors: Khalifa SM , Abobatta WF
Published: December 2023

The mango, known as the {king of fruits}, is commercially significant in many parts of the world. In addition to offering a delicious tropical flavor, mangoes are a great source of nourishment and can make eating a satisfying and healthy sensory experience. Even though mango farming is known to exist in more than 120 nations, just 15 of them are responsible for more than 1% of the world’s supply. More than 60% of the mangoes produced worldwide are grown in India, China, Thailand, Indonesia and Mexico. The effects of climate change on agriculture must take into account the increasing CO2 concentration, a significant contributor to climate change, as CO2 is essential to critical plant functions, including photosynthesis. The fluctuation of temperature represents another climatic factor that affects mango productivity. The primary challenge facing the mango industry is irregular cultivation. The mango flowering was negatively impacted by the erratic distribution of cold nights and relatively warm winters. Mango output is already being impacted by rising average maximum temperatures. Therefore, regardless of mango growers, geniuses, or consumers, rapid climate change should be a top priority. A benefit of selection and breeding operations to adapt to climatic change is the high genetic variety of mangoes.
Solar Energy Resource Potentials of the City of Arkadag
Authors: Penjiyev Ahmet Myradovich , Orazov Parahat Orazmuhamedovich
Published: December 2023

The article obtained systematized, scientifically substantiated gross, technical, economic, and environmental energy resource potentials from the introduction and use of solar energy technologies. The technical, economic, and environmental priorities of power plants were assessed in terms of energy efficiency, fuel economy, and the environmental impact per square meter from conversion to thermal and electrical energy in the city of Arkadag. The calculated results are, kWh/m2 per year: gross resource potential of solar energy - 1844.6; the technical potential for conversion into thermal and electrical energy is equal to - 1256.44 and 242.44; economic - 502.6 and 96.98 kg fuel equivalent/m2 per year; environmental reduction in emissions of various harmful substances into the environment when using solar photovoltaic modules in the city of Arkadag will be: with annual electricity generation per m2 - 242.44 kW·h, annual fuel consumption savings - 96.96 kg. e., the reduction in emissions will be, kg per year: SO2 – 2.0; NOx – 1.1; CO – 0.14; CH4 – 0.29; CO2 – 155.0; solids – 0.21; when converted into thermal energy per m2 and annual production of 1256.4 kW·h, annual fuel savings are 502.6 kg of fuel equivalent; emission reduction will be, kg per year: SO2 – 10.4; NOx – 5.6; CO – 0.73; CH4 – 1.53; CO2 – 803.5; solids – 1.1. Empirical equations (1-5) have been obtained taking into account the gross, technical, economic, and environmental resource potentials of solar energy in the city of Arkadag, it is possible to carry out energy and environmental forecasting when drawing up a feasibility study.
A Comprehensive Methodology for Assessing the Business Reputation of Industrial and Production Personnel
Authors: Filatov EA
Published: December 2023

The currently existing Russian and other legislation, as well as special literature, do not contain a methodology for the formation of the business reputation of the organization’s personnel and as a result, there is no unambiguous perception of the business, professional qualities of personnel as an object of evaluation of the organization in the market system. Therefore, it is impossible to single out the share of the results of intellectual advantage in the goods and services produced. This confirms the requirements formulated in paragraph 4 of Accounting Regulation 14/2007 «Accounting for intangible assets», which states that the intellectual and business qualities of the organization’s personnel, their qualifications, and their ability to work are not included in the intangible assets (since they are inseparable from their carriers and cannot be used without them). Meanwhile, the interests of the leading economically developed countries of the world lie in the field of accelerated growth of knowledge acquisition and application of professional skills. This trend of development of economically developed countries forms the basis of competitiveness and efficiency of their work. It should be noted that in the world economy, there is insufficient theoretical elaboration and a special practical significance and relevance of the issue of assessing the business reputation of the personnel of an economic entity. The article presents a comprehensive methodology for evaluating the performance of industrial and production personnel (the standard-production methodology), which contributes to the formation of accounting and information support for the analysis of the activities of both structural divisions, responsibility centers, business segments and commercial organizations as a whole. The author’s standard-production methodology makes it possible to determine the business reputation of industrial and production personnel, which contradicts the official economic paradigm.
THE EFFECT OF RESPIRATORY RELAXATION WITH DHIKR TOWARDS REDUCING ANXIETY IN STUDENTS
Authors: Mei Dwi Yanti  , Winda Agustina Anggraini  , Siti Saluna Nurhalizah  , Kartika Cantamala  , Sunarsih
Published: December 2023

Breathing relaxation with remembrance is one way to provide physical and psychological calm to humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of breathing relaxation with dhikr on reducing student anxiety. The hypothesis of this study: there is a significant decrease in anxiety before and after the intervention. This experimental research design is a one group pretest posttest design. Collecting data using an anxiety scale. Based on the results of the student pre-test, the highest score data was 73 and the lowest score was 37 with an average of 52.33. Based on student post-test results, the highest score data was 54 and the lowest score was 37 with a class average of 45.47. Calculation of all research data using the computer program SPSS for windows. Thus, it can be concluded that breathing relaxation with dhikr has an effect on reducing anxiety in new students of the Psychology Faculty of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ON NEW NORMAL LEARNING IN STUDENTS
Authors: Dessy Meteorina  , Laura Fitriana  , Rantika Fitri  , Adelia Mardianti  , M. Najarudin Rizki
Published: December 2023

Students are able to build their self-confidence and motivation to learn either independently or through observing their social environment. The changes in learning atmosphere and condition after the Covid-19 pandemic are interesting to be studied and becomes an assessment of learning. The social activities of the society are getting back to normal, including learning. Education institutions started to re-arrange their curriculum to get back to the pre-pandemic condition. In this case, we are going to discuss whether the existing social behavior of students can be affected and ease the learning process in the new normal era and at the same time to look at the benefits brought by the new learning system with the Online Learning Technique. The purpose of this research is to look at how the social behavior of psychology faculty students in adapting to the new normal learning era. This research used quantitative research method with data collection method using 10 items of Social Behavior and 10 items of New Normal Learning. The data were analyzed using simple regression with the results showing the value (xry) = 0,445 with p = 0,001 (p <0.05) which means there is a positive correlation between the X and Y variables of 22.1%.
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CONSUMPTIVE BEHAVIOR ON PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS
Authors: Yoga Aji Nugraha  , Kiki Nurastriani  , Orina Yuliandira  , Belly Lestari  , Jimi Mardiansyah
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out what is the influence of psychological conditions on the consumptive behavior of psychology students at Islamic University of Raden Fatah Palembang class of 2020-2021. The method used in this study uses a quantitative approach, which places more emphasis on numerical data analysis or numbers that will be processed using statistical analysis methods of normality tests and simple regression. The type of research used in this study is a type of survey. Respondents produced in this survey amounted to 46 respondents who were determined using a purposive sampling technique. As for the method used in collecting data using online surveys via Google forms with a scale likert. There are two forms of questions that use Likert, namely positive questions to measure positive interest, and negative questions to measure negative interest. Positive questions were given a score of 4, 3, 2, and 1 while negative questions were given a score of 1, 2, 3, and 4. Form of Likert scale answers consist of strongly agree, agree, disagree, disagree, and strongly disagree. The results of the validity test on the consumptive behavior instrument show that there are 13 questions overall. The valid validity test results are 46 and the normality test results of ANOVA are 0.39% and the coefficients are 706%.
CRISE DO JUDICIÁRIO E O SEU FUNCIONAMENTO PÓS CNJ
Authors: Teixeira Sérgio William Domingues
Published: December 2023

A crise do Judiciário brasileiro não é um fato novo, sendo identificada a partir da segunda metade do século XX, quando o Estado, ampliando os direitos sociais, não desenvolveu as políticas públicas que os tornassem efetivos, gerando, assim, enorme demanda que, não atendida, fez desaguar uma infinidade de novas ações nos tribunais do país. Sem as condições necessárias para seu regular funcionamento, o Judiciário não conseguiu dar respostas adequadas à sociedade em tempo razoável, o que o levou a ser duramente criticado por sua morosidade, além de outros problemas como a falta de transparência, o excesso de corporativismo e a dificuldade de acesso dos cidadãos aos tribunais. Com a crise, impôs-se a criação de um órgão de controle externo que tornasse o Judiciário mais eficiente, com a promessa de que se abriria a “Caixa Preta do Judiciário”. Assim, criado pela EC nº 45/2004, que tratou da reforma do Judiciário, o Conselho Nacional de Justiça - CNJ, órgão de controle da magistratura nacional, surgiu com a finalidade de estabelecer um controle centralizado das atividades administrativas, financeiras e disciplinares exercidas pelos  órgãos do Poder Judiciário, propondo a reestruturação deste poder, dando-lhe maior transparência. Passados mais de 10 anos de sua criação, este estudo aborda a necessidade de se avaliar o formato institucional do órgão de controle da magistratura, averiguando sua natureza, composição e atribuições, indagando, ao final, se realmente a “Caixa Preta do Judiciário” foi aberta e se as promessas de melhoria deste poder, de fato, foram alcançadas.
JUÍZES NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Costa Inês Moreira da
Published: December 2023

A judicialização da política ou a politização do judiciário é um tema recorrente no cenário jurídico. Este trabalho objetiva compreender como os juízes vêm exercendo seu papel frente ao constitucionalismo, que atribuiu relevância à interpretação de normas constitucionais, e o motivo da crescente judicialização. São apresentadas as causas que levam a uma crise na teoria da separação de poderes e como isso tem levado à judicialização de questões políticas, bem como a legitimação do Poder Judiciário para analisar qualquer ato ou norma que, contrariando o texto constitucional, ocasione lesão ou ameaça a direitos fundamentais. Evidencia-se, ainda, as novas atribuições dos juízes trazidas pela Lei n. 13.655/2018 e a necessidade de justificar, racionalmente, as decisões.
DIMENSÃO TECNOLÓGICA DA SUSTENTABILIDADE E AS REVOLUÇÕES INDUSTRIAIS
Authors: Leal Jorge Luiz dos Santos , Santos Franklin Vieira dos
Published: December 2023

As Nações da Terra tomaram consciência da necessidade de proteção do meio ambiente a partir da Convenção de Estocolmoocorrida em 1972. Ao longo das últimas quatro décadas, tem-se buscado alternativas para minorar os danos ambientais causadosa fim de garantir a sobrevivência da espécie humana e da vida no planeta. No estágio atual, há consenso sobre a necessidade de se promover ações visando assegurar a sustentabilidade das atividades humanas no globo terrestre, sendo reconhecidas as  dimensões econômica, social e ambiental. A essas três dimensões clássicas da sustentabilidade, deve-se agregar uma quarta, a tecnológica, defendida por Gabriel Ferrer e Paulo Cruz. A tecnologia, ao tempo que deu causa à aceleração da degradação  ambiental nas várias etapas da revolução industrial, possui papel importantíssimo na possível solução desses problemas, seja no uso de energias limpas, no sequestro de carbono, na descoberta de remédios, biotecnologia ou nanotecnologia. A gestão do conhecimento e das novas conquistas e tecnologias podem garantir a sobrevivência da espécie e preservar o planeta.
QUE BUSCAM NA JUSTIÇA OS QUE SE RECONHECEM COMO AFETADOS PELAS USINAS HIDRELÉTRICAS IMPLANTADAS NO RIO MADEIRA?
Authors: Souza Úrsula Gonçalves Theodoro de Faria , Silva Ricardo Gilson da Costa
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar os impactos ocorridos a partir da implantação das usinas hidrelétricas no Rio Madeira, os quais, aparentemente, não foram equacionados no projeto inicial. O objeto de estudo sistematiza os argumentos apresentados pelas partes que se reconhecem como afetadas pelos impactos das usinas hidrelétricas Santo Antônio e Jirau, no Rio Madeira, nos processos judicializados nas varas cíveis da Capital. A metodologia utilizada é bibliográfica e documental. Buscou-se sintetizar e aglutinar as demandas segundo sua cronologia e relevância, e, ao final, fazer uma análise crítica da judicialização individual das demandas, suas dificuldades e eventuais consequências.