bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A RIPK1-regulated inflammatory microglial state in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Mifflin Lauren , Hu Zhirui , Dufort Connor , Hession Cynthia C. , Walker Alec J. , Niu Kongyan , Zhu Hong , Liu Nan , Liu Jun S. , Levin Joshua Z. , Stevens Beth , Yuan Junying , Zou Chengyu
Published: March 2021

Significance

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease. Inhibition of RIPK1, a kinase which regulates cell death and neuroinflammation, has been efficacious in treating mouse models of ALS. RIPK1 inhibitors have reached phase 2 clinical trials in ALS patients. Here, we explore the impact of RIPK1 inhibition on microglial-mediated neuroinflammation in ALS mouse models. We find that there is a subclass of microglia which produces proinflammatory cytokines in a RIPK1-dependent manner, and that this population is reduced by RIPK1 inhibition. We believe that these inflammatory microglia are a hallmark of ALS which may be clinically relevant in advancing RIPK1 inhibitors as a potential ALS therapy.
Contextual congruency and novel metaphor integration
Authors: Ahrens Kathleen , Gong Shu-Ping
Published: March 2021

The goal of this paper is to further our understanding of how novel metaphor sentences are processed at a discourse level.
Previous studies have focused on contextual issues during the processing of sentences containing conventional metaphors, with the effect of
context on sentences with novel metaphors less studied. Accordingly, we determined the effects of contextual congruency on novel metaphor
sentences in short texts by conducting two on-line reading experiments. We adopted Conceptual Mapping Model in order to create sentences
with two types of novel metaphor (1) sentences with novel metaphors that follow mapping principles (considered to be comparatively less
novel) and (2) sentences with novel metaphors that do not follow mapping principles (considered to be comparatively more novel). In
Experiment 1, conventional metaphor scenarios were preceded by congruent novel metaphor sentences following mapping principles and those not
following mapping principles. In Experiment 2, conventional metaphor scenarios were preceded by incongruent novel metaphor sentences
following mapping principles and those not following mapping principles. Results showed that congruent novel metaphor sentences following
mapping principles were read faster than those not following mapping principles in conventional metaphor scenarios (Experiment 1), while
there was a marginal difference in reading times between incongruent novel metaphor sentences following and those not following mapping
principles, but not in the expected direction (Experiment 2). Our research supports previous work that shows that congruency plays a large
role in assimilating new information, and also provides further evidence for the role of mapping principles in the creation and processing
of novel metaphors.
Metonymy
Authors: Jing-Schmidt Zhuo
Published: March 2021

This article is concerned with metonymy as a cognitive mechanism underlying our best and worst instincts. In particular, I consider two seemingly opposite processes of metonymy: (1) conceptual bypassing of sensory percepts, which leads to an intuitive leap to abstract insights and judgments and (2) conceptual oversimplification of a social category by stereotyping. By directing attention to that which metonymy is apt to obscure, I encourage the reader to rethink existing models of metonymy that focus on its referential and mental access functions. I offer an complementary account of the functions of metonymy by arguing that mental simplism is central to conceptual bypassing and social stereotyping and by pointing out the social psychological reality of an expressive function of metonymy.
Metaphors and their semantic predictability in dyadic interaction
Authors: Du Shihong , Wang Yu
Published: March 2021

Philosophy of dialogue is primarily concerned with the relation of I to you, alternatively as the I-and-you (I ⇄ you) sphere of relation, in Martin Buber’s terminology, on the basis of primary words such as I, you, and it. It is convincingly held that the primary words do not refer to or denote or signify things but they intimate human relations. Grounded on primary words, metaphorical expressions are created to bridge over the cognition gaps encountered in the process of dyadic interaction between I and you. To interpret the spontaneously created metaphorical expressions has become intuitive responses frequenting the participants I and you in the ongoing dyadic interaction. In what way I and you collaboratively predict the meaning of metaphorical expressions is an ontological question which might be tackled from the perspective of epistemology. Therefore, it is in epistemology assumed that the semantic predictability of metaphorical expressions in any dyadic interaction can be conceptually realized by means of the four types of coherence in dialogism such as dictional coherence, emotional coherence, intentional coherence and rational coherence. The four types of coherence might be created saliently either in combination with each other or in isolation. No matter what kind of salience is identified, the I-and-you sphere of relation has at most sixteen channels for predicting the semantics of metaphor created in actual dyadic interaction.
Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed).
Authors: Iamonico Duilio
Published: March 2021

A. trifida is an annual herb native to temperate North America which is now present in a number of countries in Europe and Asia. The primary means of spread of A. trifida occurs accidentally as a contaminant of seed or agricultural equipment. This species readily colonises disturbed areas and is often one of the first plants to emerge in early spring. As a result it has an initial competitive advantage and can therefore behave as a dominant species throughout the entire growing season. A. trifida is a particular problem for cultivated agricultural and horticultural crops where it can significantly decrease yields. Like many species of Ambrosia, A. trifida produces pollen which is allergenic and can induce allergic rhinitis, fever, or dermatitis. A. trifida is extremely competitive and can also decrease native biodiversity. A. trifida is a declared noxious weed in its native range in California, Delaware, Illinois and New Jersey, USA and is also a quarantine weed in Poland and Russia.
Rubus ellipticus (yellow Himalayan raspberry).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Pasiecznik Nick
Published: March 2021

The invasiveness of the thorny shrub R. ellipticus has been most thoroughly documented on the island of Hawaii. Since the first report of its escape from cultivation in 1961, this species has become established in mid-elevation forest and pastureland, forming tall, dense thickets. Seeds are sufficiently viable following passage through the digestive systems of birds and mammals to readily germinate in pastureland and undisturbed forest sites where they are deposited. Several introduced frugivorous birds and feral mammals, are capable of dissemination of seeds via ingestion of the succulent fruit and birds in particular, are able to carry seeds to adjacent sites. It can also spread by suckers and resprouts vigorously after fire. The ability to colonize undisturbed native forests and displace native species is cause for alarm among resource managers of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and other natural reserves of Hawaii, comprised of highly ecologically sensitive systems. It has been listed as one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species (Lower et al., 2000), and is a prohibited species in South Africa (NEMBA Category 1a).
Lymphocyte egress signal sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes ERM-guided, bleb-based migration
Authors: Robertson Tanner F. , Chengappa Pragati , Gomez Atria Daniela , Wu Christine F. , Avery Lyndsay , Roy Nathan H. , Maillard Ivan , Petrie Ryan J. , Burkhardt Janis K.
Published: March 2021

Ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) family proteins regulate cytoskeletal responses by tethering the plasma membrane to the underlying actin cortex. Mutations in ERM proteins lead to severe combined immunodeficiency, but the function of these proteins in T cells remains poorly defined. Using mice in which T cells lack all ERM proteins, we demonstrate a selective role for these proteins in facilitating S1P-dependent egress from lymphoid organs. ERM-deficient T cells display defective S1P-induced migration in vitro, despite normal responses to standard protein chemokines. Analysis of these defects revealed that S1P promotes a fundamentally different mode of migration than chemokines, characterized by intracellular pressurization and bleb-based motility. ERM proteins facilitate this process, controlling directional migration by limiting blebbing to the leading edge. We propose that the distinct modes of motility induced by S1P and chemokines are specialized to allow T cell migration across lymphatic barriers and through tissue stroma, respectively.
Experimental Protection of the Spin Coherence of a Molecular Qubit Exceeding a Millisecond
Authors: Dai Yingqiu , Fu Yue , Shi Zhifu , Qin Xi , Mu Shiwei , Wu Yang , Su Ji-Hu , Deng Yi-Fei , Qin Lei , Zhai Yuan-Qi , Zheng Yan-Zhen , Rong Xing , Du Jiangfeng
Published: March 2021

Molecular qubits are promising as they can benefit from tailoring and versatile design of chemistry. It is essential to reduce the decoherence of molecular qubits caused by their interactions with the environment. Herein the dynamical decoupling (DD) technique is utilized to combat such decoherence. The coherence time for a transition-metal complex (PPh4)2[Cu(mnt)2] is prolonged from 6.8 μs to 1.4 ms. The ratio of the coherence time and the length of π/2 pulse, defined as the single qubit figure of merit (Q
M), reaches 1.4 × 105, which is 40 times greater than what previously reported for this molecule. Our results show that molecular qubits, with milliseconds coherence time, are promising candidates for quantum information processing.
Quantum Anti-Zeno Effect in Nuclear β Decay
Authors: Ji Ming , Xu Chang
Published: March 2021

The acceleration of decay induced by frequency measurements, namely the quantum anti-Zeno effect (AZE), was first predicted by Kofman and Kurizki [Nature 405 (2000) 546]. The effect of the frequency measurements on nuclear β decay rate is analyzed based on the time-dependent perturbation theory. We present a detailed calculation of the decay rates of 3H, 60Co (β
− type), 22Na, 106Ag (β
+ type) and 18F, 57Co and 111Sn (EC type) under frequency measurements. It is found that the effects of frequency measurements on the decay rates of β
+ and β
− cases are different from the case of EC, and the smaller the β decay energy is, the more favorable it is to observe the AZE in experiment. Based on our analysis, it is suggested that possible experimental candidates should have a small decay energy and a reasonable half life (such as 3H) for observing the AZE in β decay.
Effective Interaction Force between an Electric Charge and a Magnetic Dipole and Locality (or Nonlocality) in Quantum Effects of the Aharonov–Bohm Type
Authors: Spavieri Gianfranco , Gillies George T. , Rodriguez Miguel , Perez Maribel
Published: March 2021

Classical electrodynamics foresees that the effective interaction force between a moving charge and a magnetic dipole is modified by the time-varying total momentum of the interaction fields. We derive the equations of motion of the particles from the total stress-energy tensor, assuming the validity of Maxwell’s equations and the total momentum conservation law. Applications to the effects of Aharonov–Bohm type show that the observed phase shift may be due to the relative lag between interfering particles caused by the effective local force.
Ultra-Broadband Infrared Metamaterial Absorber for Passive Radiative Cooling
Authors: Liu Yan-Ning , Weng Xiao-Long , Zhang Peng , Li Wen-Xin , Gong Yu , Zhang Li , Han Tian-Cheng , Zhou Pei-Heng , Deng Long-Jiang
Published: March 2021

Infrared metamaterial absorber (MMA) based on metal-insulator-metal (MIM) configuration with flexible design, perfect and selective absorption, has attracted much attention recently for passive radiative cooling applications. To cool objects passively, broadband infrared absorption (i.e. 8–14 μm) is desirable to emit thermal energy through atmosphere window. We present a novel MMA composed of multilayer MIM resonators periodically arranged on a PbTe/MgF2 bilayer substrate. Verified by the rigorous coupled-wave analysis method, the proposed MMA shows a relative bandwidth of about 45% (from 8.3 to 13.1 μm with the absorption intensity over 0.8). The broadband absorption performs stably over a wide incident angle range (below 50°) and predicts 12 K cooling below ambient temperature at nighttime. Compared with the previous passive radiative coolers, our design gets rid of the continuous metal substrate and provides an almost ideal transparency window (close to 100%) for millimeter waves over 1 mm. The structure is expected to have potential applications in thermal control of integrated devices, where millimeter wave signal compatibility is also required.
Nonlinear Coupling of Reversed Shear Alfvén Eigenmode and Toroidal Alfvén Eigenmode during Current Ramp
Authors: Wei Shizhao , Wang Yahui , Shi Peiwan , Chen Wei , Chen Ningfei , Qiu Zhiyong
Published: March 2021

Two novel nonlinear mode coupling processes for reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode (RSAE) nonlinear saturation are proposed and investigated. In the first process, the RSAE nonlinearly couples to a co-propagating toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) with the same toroidal and poloidal mode numbers, and generates a geodesic acoustic mode. In the second process, the RSAE couples to a counter-propagating TAE and generates an ion acoustic wave quasi-mode. The condition for the two processes to occur is favored during current ramp. Both the processes contribute to effectively saturate the Alfvénic instabilities, as well as nonlinearly transfer of energy from energetic fusion alpha particles to fuel ions in burning plasmas.
Energetic Particle Physics on the HL-2A Tokamak: A Review
Authors: Shi Pei-Wan , Chen Wei , Duan Xu-Ru
Published: March 2021

Interaction between shear Alfvén wave (SAW) and energetic particles (EPs) is one of major concerns in magnetically confined plasmas since it may lead to excitation of toroidal symmetry breaking collective instabilities, thus enhances loss of EPs and degrades plasma confinement. In the last few years, Alfvénic zoology has been constructed on HL-2A tokamak and series of EPs driven instabilities, such as toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs), revered shear Alfvén eigenmodes (RSAEs), beta induced Alfvén eigenmodes (BAEs), Alfvénic ion temperature gradient (AITG) modes and fishbone modes, have been observed and investigated. Those Alfvénic fluctuations show frequency chirping behaviors through nonlinear wave-particle route, and contribute to generation of axisymmetric modes by nonlinear wave-wave resonance in the presence of strong tearing modes. It is proved that the plasma confinement is affected by Alfvénic activities from multiple aspects. The RSAEs resonate with thermal ions, and this results in an energy diffusive transport process while the nonlinear mode coupling between core-localized TAEs and tearing modes trigger avalanche electron heat transport events. Effective measures have been taken to control SAW fluctuations and the fishbone activities are suppressed by electron cyclotron resonance heating. Those experimental results will not only contribute to better understandings of energetic particles physics, but also provide technology bases for active control of Alfvénic modes on International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor (CFETR).
Novel Superconducting Electrides in Ca–S System under High Pressures
Authors: Liu Yun-Xian , Wang Chao , Han Shuai , Chen Xin , Sun Hai-Rui , Liu Xiao-Bing
Published: March 2021

Due to their unique structure properties, most of the electrides that possess extra electrons locating in interstitial regions as anions are insulators. Metallic and superconducting electrides are very rare under ambient conditions. We systematically search possible compounds in Ca–S systems stabilized under various pressures up to 200 GPa, and investigate their crystal structures and properties using first-principles calculations. We predict a series of novel stoichiometries in Ca–S systems as potential superconductors, including P21/m Ca3S, P4mbm Ca3S, Pnma Ca2S, Cmcm Ca2S, Fddd CaS2, Immm CaS3 and C2/c CaS4. The P4mbm Ca3S phase exhibits a maximum T
c value of ∼20 K. It is interesting to notice that the P21/m Ca3S and Pnma Ca2S stabilized at 60 and 50 GPa behave as superconducting electrides with critical temperatures T
c of 7.04 K and 0.26 K, respectively. More importantly, our results demonstrate that P21/m Ca3S and Pnma Ca2S are dynamically stable at 5 GPa and 0 GPa, respectively, indicating a high possibility to be quenched to ambient condition or synthesized using the large volume press.
Superconductivity and Charge Density Wave in Iodine-Doped CuIr2Te4
Authors: Boubeche Mebrouka , Yu Jia , Chushan Li , Huichao Wang , Zeng Lingyong , He Yiyi , Wang Xiaopeng , Su Wanzhen , Wang Meng , Yao Dao-Xin , Wang Zhijun , Luo Huixia
Published: March 2021

We report a systematic investigation on the evolution of the structural and physical properties, including the charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity of the polycrystalline CuIr2Te4−x
I
x
for 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0. X-ray diffraction results indicate that both of a and c lattice parameters increase linearly when 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0. The resistivity measurements indicate that the CDW is destabilized with slight x but reappears at x ≥ 0.9 with very high T
CDW. Meanwhile, the superconducting transition temperature T
c enhances as x increases and reaches a maximum value of around 2.95 K for the optimal composition CuIr2Te1.9I0.1 followed by a slight decrease with higher iodine doping content. The specific heat jump (ΔC/γT
c) for the optimal composition CuIr2Te3.9I0.1 is approximately 1.46, which is close to the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer value of 1.43, indicating that it is a bulk superconductor. The results of thermodynamic heat capacity measurements under different magnetic fields [C
p(T, H)], magnetization M(T, H) and magneto-transport ρ(T, H) measurements further suggest that CuIr2Te4−x
I
x
bulks are type-II superconductors. Finally, an electronic phase diagram for this CuIr2Te4−x
I
x
system has been constructed. The present study provides a suitable material platform for further investigation of the interplay of the CDW and superconductivity.
Superconductivity and Normal-State Properties of Kagome Metal RbV3Sb5 Single Crystals
Authors: Yin Qiangwei , Tu Zhijun , Gong Chunsheng , Fu Yang , Yan Shaohua , Lei Hechang
Published: March 2021

We report the discovery of superconductivity and detailed normal-state physical properties of RbV3Sb5 single crystals with V kagome lattice. RbV3Sb5 single crystals show a superconducting transition at T
c ∼ 0.92 K. Meanwhile, resistivity, magnetization and heat capacity measurements indicate that it exhibits anomalies of properties at T
* ∼ 102–103 K, possibly related to the formation of charge ordering state. When T is lower than T
*, the Hall coefficient R
H undergoes a drastic change and sign reversal from negative to positive, which can be partially explained by the enhanced mobility of hole-type carriers. In addition, the results of quantum oscillations show that there are some very small Fermi surfaces with low effective mass, consistent with the existence of multiple highly dispersive Dirac band near the Fermi energy level.
Chemical ordering as a precursor to formation of ordered δ-UZr2 phase: a theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Ghosh P S , Arya A , Basak C B , Poswal A K , Banerjee S
Published: March 2021

A combination of special quasi-random structure (SQS) analysis, density functional theory (DFT) based simulations and experimental techniques are employed in determining the transformation pathway for the disordered γ-(U, Zr) phase (bcc structure) to transform into the chemically ordered δ-UZr2 phase (C32, AlB2 type structure). A novel Monte-Carlo based strategy is developed to generate SQS structures to study the β → ω displacive phase transformation in A1−x
B
x
binary random alloy. Structures generated with this strategy and using DFT calculations, it is determined that (222)bcc plane collapse mechanism is energetically unfavorable in chemically disordered environment at UZr2 composition. A mechanically and dynamically stable 24 atom SQS structure is derived which serves as a structural model of chemically ordered δ-UZr2 structure. Finally, a thermodynamic basis for the mechanism of the γ to δ transformation has been established which ensures chemical ordering is a precursor to the subsequent displacive transformation to form chemically ordered δ-UZr2 structure.
High rate capabilities and remarkably cycle-stable flexible pseudocapacitors based on nano-coralloid arrays with sulfide vacancies enhanced Ni−Co−S nanoparticle covering
Authors: Hao Zongbin , Yang Junchi , Yuan Changsheng , Chen Yanfeng , Ge Haixiong , Tang Shaochun , Cui Yushuang
Published: March 2021

Both poor electron conductivity and low ion diffusion of electrode materials are two main issues limiting the rate performance of pseudocapacitors. The present work reports the design and fabrication of hierarchically nano-architectured electrodes consisting of sulfide vacancies enhanced Ni–Co–S nanoparticle covering bent nickel nano-forest (BNNF). We propose new insight into vastly increased ion-accessible active sites and fast charge storage/delivery enhanced the reaction kinetics. The Ni−Co−S@BNNF electrode exhibits extremely high rate performance with 90.1% capacity retention from 1 to 20 A g−1, and even still remains 83.6% capacity at 40 A g−1, much superior to reported NiCo2S4–based electrodes. The high rate performance is attributed to the unique nano-architecture providing increased ion availability of electrochemically active sites and high conductivity for fast electron transport. Especially the electrode achieves remarkable long-term cycle stability with more than 100% initial capacity value after 5000 cycles at 5 A g−1 and exhibits excellent cycle reversibility even at 20 A g−1. Goog cycle stability should be attributed to the sulfide vacancies in Ni−Co−S nano-branches and the electrode architecture sustaining structural strain during fast redox reactions. An asymmetric pseudocapacitor applying such electrode achieves a high energy density of 99.9 W h kg−1 and exhibits superior cycling stability at a high current density of 20 A g−1. This study underscores the potential importance of developing nanoarrays covered with highly redox-active materials with increasing ions/charge kinetics for energy storage.
Development of PVDF nanocomposite with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) for soft morphing actuator
Authors: Lee Ji Eun , Nam Ryan , Jakubinek Michael B , Ashrafi Behnam , Naguib Hani E
Published: March 2021

Soft morphing actuators can deliver a range of displacements whilst being flexible and lightweight, making them advantageous over traditional mechanical actuators. Piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is combined with nanofillers to achieve superior soft actuator with the nanocomposite than with solely the polymer. This paper investigates and compares the distinctive effects of 1D nanofillers: single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), through the promotion of crystal structures and polar β crystals of PVDF, and consequently its actuation ability. Results showed that 80 µm thick 2 wt.% SWCNT/PVDF clamped at both ends with a 10 mm span achieved a high deflection per applied electric field of 414 µm (V mm−1)−1 and deflection of 570 µm. This was due to a combination of fabrication method, physical geometry, and large surface area of SWCNTs leading to enhanced degree of crystallinity, β crystals, dielectric constant, and conductivity. The increase in both overall crystal formation and targeted β crystals lead to a high total β crystal content of 35%, and the conductivity lead to a low applied electric field of 1.3 V mm−1. BNNT/PVDF was able to undergo electric poling due to its insulating nature. BNNT/PVDF achieved a deflection magnitude per applied electric field of 2.9 µm (V mm−1)−1, due to a much higher electric field (90–150 V mm−1). This corresponded to a deflection magnitude of 260 µm, which was a 520% increase from only stretched BNNT/PVDF samples. Both nanocomposites displayed large scale actuation that is greater than the 70 µm deflection (0.9 µm (V mm−1)−1) observed for pure PVDF of same geometry and setup.
Cooperator driven oscillation in a time-delayed feedback-evolving game
Authors: Yan Fang , Chen Xiaojie , Qiu Zhipeng , Szolnoki Attila
Published: March 2021

Considering feedback of collective actions of cooperation on common resources has vital importance to reach sustainability. But such efforts may have not immediate consequence on the state of environment and it is unclear how they influence the strategic and environmental dynamics with feedbacks. To address this issue, we construct a feedback-evolving game model in which we consider the growth capacity of resources and the punishment efficiency on defectors who do not provide returns to the environment. Importantly, we further assume a delay in adopting the contribution of cooperative individuals to environmental change in our model. We find that when this contribution amount from cooperators’ endowment is fixed, the time delay has no particular consequence on the coevolutionary dynamics. However, when the return is proportional to their endowment, then the time delay can induce periodic oscillatory dynamics of cooperation level and environment. Our work reveals the potential effects of time delay of cooperative actions on the coevolutionary dynamics in strategic interactions with environmental feedback.
A modified Euler–Maclaurin formula in 1D and 2D with applications in statistical physics
Authors: Guo Jihong , Liu Yunpeng
Published: March 2021

The Euler–Maclaurin summation formula is generalized to a modified form by expanding the periodic Bernoulli polynomials as its Fourier series and taking cuts, which includes both the Euler–Maclaurin summation formula and the Poisson summation formula as special cases. By making use of the modified formula, a possible numerical summation method is obtained and the remainder can be controlled. The modified formula is also generalized from one dimension to two dimensions. Approximate expressions of partition functions of a classical particle in square well in 1D and 2D and that of a quantum rotator are obtained with error estimation.
On the equivalence between the kinetic Ising model and discrete autoregressive processes
Authors: Campajola Carlo , Lillo Fabrizio , Mazzarisi Piero , Tantari Daniele
Published: March 2021

Binary random variables are the building blocks used to describe a large variety of systems, from magnetic spins to financial time series and neuron activity. In statistical physics the kinetic Ising model has been introduced to describe the dynamics of the magnetic moments of a spin lattice, while in time series analysis discrete autoregressive processes have been designed to capture the multivariate dependence structure across binary time series. In this article we provide a rigorous proof of the equivalence between the two models in the range of a unique and invertible map unambiguously linking one model parameters set to the other. Our result finds further justification acknowledging that both models provide maximum entropy distributions of binary time series with given means, auto-correlations, and lagged cross-correlations of order one. We further show that the equivalence between the two models permits to exploit the inference methods originally developed for one model in the inference of the other.
The influence of cooperative model two stay-two stray assisted by digital literacy to improve student’s metacognitive at MTs Muhammadiyah Sukarame Bandarlampung
Authors: Anggraini W , Suryani Y , Kristiana Dewi N A , Ida Aflaha D S , Octafiona E , Istiqomah A Amalia
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of cooperative model two stay-two stray assisted by digital literacy to improve student’s metacognitive at MTs Muhammadiyah Sukarame Bandarlampung. The research conducted was quasi-experiment research with a non-equivalent control-group design. The method used was quantitative and the sampling technique used was the saturated sampling technique. The sample in this study was class VIII U1 as the experimental class that received the treatment of Two-Stay-Two-Stray assisted by digital literacy and class VIII U2 as the control class that was treated using the Group Investigation model. The results of this study revealed that the average metacognitive ability of the experimental class was 73,04 and the control class was 67,56. Based on the result of the t-test, Two Stay-Two Strays assisted by digital literacy affects the students’ metacognitive ability with the results of tobserved = 3,17 and tcritical = 1,66 which indicated that H1 is accepted. Thus, the Two Stay-Two Strays cooperative model assisted by digital literacy affected the metacognitive ability of MTs Muhammadiyah Sukarame Bandarlampung students. Increased metacognitive abilities affected the improvement of students’ learning outcomes.
Students’ Critical Thinking Skill in Solving Geometry Problems Viewed from Their Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Rejeki Suprapti , Riyadi  , Siswanto
Published: March 2021

Critical thinking skills are important in solving geometric problems. The intelligence aspect also influences problem-solving. Therefore, this study aimed to describe students’ critical thinking skills in solving geometric problems in terms of emotional intelligence. This research was a qualitative descriptive study with 6 students as the research subject. Researchers used triangulation methods to collect data and determine the validity of the data, namely questionnaires, tests, and interviews. The results showed that as many as 32.26% of students who had low emotional intelligence could not do all the questions correctly, 32.26% of students who had medium emotional intelligence could not work on the questions with indicators of identify existing biases and compile and analyze arguments, and 35.48% of students who have high emotional intelligence cannot work on questions with indicators of make conclusions and analyze the veracity of statements. This was due to a lack of understanding of the definitions, formulas, concepts, and existing information to find information used in solving problems. So, it is necessary to provide more complex practice questions and emphasize understanding of the concept of geometry so that students can use ideas to solve non-routine questions.
The Influence of Web-Centric Course in Learning Basic Mathematics toward the Digital Literacy Skills of Preservice Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Utomo D W , Barathayomi W , Pujiastuti H , Haryadi R
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to improve digital literacy skills through web-centric course learning for preservice teachers of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University. The method used in this study was a quasi-experiment through a pre-test and a post-test group design. The instrument used in this study was a digital literacy skills test in the Mathematical Profession English course, which was in the form of 20 essay tests. The material tested was the result of learning basic mathematics. In the process of learning mathematics, the preservice mathematics teacher had been introduced to number operations using English as opposed to the usual medium process of learning mathematics in the Indonesian Language. Furthermore, the instrument was tested on 20 preservice mathematics teachers of the said university. The average N-gain result for preservice mathematics teachers was 0.56 which belonged to the moderate category. So, it can be concluded that digital literacy skills in learning mathematics can be improved through the course.
Digital electronics practicum with “Logisim” application with zoom-assisted
Authors: Dewantara Dewi , Wati Mustika , Kusuma L W , Rusmawati I , Melisa
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the quality of digital electronics practicum with “Logisim” application with zoom-assisted. The quality is seen from the effectiveness and response of students to digital electronics practicum with “Logisim” application with zoom-assisted. This research used descriptive research method. The research subjects were 50 Physics Education Students at Universitas Lambung Mangkurat who took Digital Electronics course. The data about quality is seen from the effectiveness and response of students. The effectiveness of digital electronics practicum with “logisim” was obtained from the practicum assessment sheet. Data about student responses were obtained from student response questionnaires with indicators of format, quality, clarity, and interest. The effectiveness of digital electronics practicum with “logisim” shows that there were no students who did not pass the practicum. Student response shows that students have a positive response to practicum activities. Therefore, it was concluded that the digital electronics practicum with logisim application has good quality if its implementation is assisted by Zoom. In the case of online learning due to a pandemic, zoom can be used to facilitate the digital electronics practicum with logisim application. Further research is needed to investigate the quality of the practicum when using other media such as google meet, webex, whatsapp group and others.
Hybrid learning on problem-solving abiities in physics learning: A literature review
Authors: Lestari  , Syafril S , Latifah Sri , Engkizar E , Damri D , Asril Zainal , Yaumas Nova Erlina
Published: March 2021

Difficulty in understanding and applying physics concepts is a problem that is often encountered in learning. Therefore, problem-solving abilities are needed in physics learning. The ability to solve problems in physics learning is an ability that students must have to find solutions to a problem, especially in understanding and applying physics concepts. Problem-solving in physics learning is certainly better if teachers explain directly. However, in certain situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers cannot help students directly. In hybrid learning, face-to-face learning can still be done virtually. Research in the last 10 years publish through reputable journals in various countries in the word (Taiwan, Belgia, Jerman and Indonesia) were are analyzed for the purpose of this article with the help of NVIVO 12 Software. Results of the analysis from various articles found that hybrid learning is a learning model that can be used as an alternative to help students solve problems in physics learning. For this reason, hybrid learning needs to be given serious support for the current learning process and teachers need to be given special and continuous training in the use of this learning model the learning process can be carried out well even in difficult situations like today.
Impact of Climate Change on Coastal Communities in Tanggamus Regency
Authors: Yanfika Helvi , Viantimala Begem , Mutolib Abdul , Listiana Indah , Diana Widyastuti Raden Ajeng , Rahmat Ali
Published: March 2021

Global warming is a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature due to greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change impacts various sectors and is very complicated because it covers various aspects of human life. In the marine sector, climate change promotes rising ocean temperature and sea levels, increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather. This study was aimed to: (1) analyze the impact of climate change on the business of processed fisheries in Tegineneng village, Limau subdistrict, Tanggamus Regency; (2) analyze adaptation strategies undertaken by fish processors in conducting business amid of climate change. This study employed a survey as the study method. Respondents in this study were traditional fish processing in Tanggamus Regency. The impact of climate change on processed fisheries products was analyzed by using descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. Climate change perceived by fish processors includes; the declined fish caught, uncertain fish harvest season, and further fishing area. The results showed that climate change impacted on the decreased processed products due to declined fish caught. Development strategies that need to be performed are diversification of processed products, improvement of processed product quality to prolong the product shelf life, and marketing network.
The effectiveness of blended learning-based scaffolding strategy assisted by google classroom toward the learning outcomes and students’ self-efficacy
Authors: Suryani Y , Ningrum A R , Hidayah N , Dewi N R
Published: March 2021

This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of a blended learning-based scaffolding strategy assisted by Google Classroom to improve students’ learning outcomes and self-efficacy in the Physics Lesson Planning course. This study employed the quasi-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. The samples of the study were 77 students of Physics Education, UIN Raden Intan Lampung in the academic year of 2019/2020. The instruments used were a questionnaire to investigate students’ responses toward the learning process, a questionnaire to measure students’ self-efficacy, and a test to measure students’ learning outcomes. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques, n-gain analysis, and effect size analysis. The results showed that the blended learning-based scaffolding strategy assisted by Google Classroom was effective in improving students’ learning outcomes with the n-gain and the effect size in medium category. The percentages of students’ self-efficacy in class A, class B, and class C were 68%, 60%, and 59% respectively. It was concluded based on the indicators of students’ learning outcomes improvement, students’ high self-efficacy, and students’ positive responses (84%). For further research, the researcher suggests to apply blended learning-based scaffolding strategy assisted by Google Classroom in other branches of science.
Use of management frameworks and risk assessment for flood handling in some countries: A meta-analysis
Authors: Utami Dian , Febriyanti Vina
Published: March 2021

Flood is one of the natural disasters that occur in Indonesia and cause many losses. Although this disaster is considered frequent and threaten human life, the countermeasures and prevention are still not optimal. So that when the flood hit, there were still many people who suffered both physical losses and physical damage. Efforts to handle this flood need to be done through proper and appropriate management and action. Therefore, we need a proper flood risk management and also the cost of flood risk. Through review articles from several countries, information on risk and management frameworks for flood mitigation will be obtained that can be used in flood journals in Indonesia. The method used is meta-analysis, by analyzing data from 12 journal articles from several countries, both developed and developing countries in 2010-2020. The criteria for the country taken as the research sample is having an event that occurs floods in Indonesia
Analysis of rainfall patterns in Kalimantan using fast fourier transform (FFT) and empirical orthogonal function (EOF)
Authors: Nurdiati S , Khatizah E , Najib M K , Hidayah R R
Published: March 2021

Rainfall patterns in Kalimantan are generally divided into 2 types, namely monsoonal and equatorial. The pattern can be determined by analyzing the 6-month frequency of rainfall signal. This analysis has been carried out on general data in Indonesia, but no one has yet examined it in detail in Kalimantan. Therefore, this study will analyze the 6-month frequency signal and rainfall patterns spatially and temporally in Kalimantan using TRMM 3B42RT as the main data. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method is applied to analyze the 6-month frequency of rainfall signal, while the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method is applied to reduce data and obtain the main pattern of rainfall in Kalimantan. The results of FFT analysis in 15 cities of Kalimantan show that the rainfall pattern in Samarinda, Sendawar, Tarakan, Tanjungselor, Malinau, Pangkalanbun, Pontianak, Ketapang, and Sintang are an equatorial type, while a monsoonal type appear in Balikpapan, Palangkaraya, Purukcahu, Banjarmasin, Kotabaru and Barabai. Moreover, based on the results of FFT and EOF analysis, most areas in West, East and North Kalimantan have an equatorial rainfall pattern. Meanwhile, most areas in Central and South Kalimantan have a monsoonal rainfall pattern.
The application of perceptron method in predicting student graduation based on several identified key factors
Authors: Masykuri Wafi Sabiq , Khatizah Elis , Bukhari Fahren
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we predicted whether a student succeed to pass their higher education on time or not based on Grade Point Average (GPA) and several indicators related to final year project activities. It was also analysed which indicator that is dominant based on its resulted weight. The process was conducted by using perceptron method, while the data was taken from students of Department of Mathematics, IPB University, enrolled in 2013, 2014 and 2015. Furthermore, the results showed that learning proses accuracy stand at 80.5 % and all mentioned indicators give a positive contribution to students in pursuing on-time graduation except supervised by the lecturer whose field of interest is in line with the student. Additionally, based on the resulted weight for each indicator, student’s GPA has a bigger impact for student to graduate on time.
The concept of eco-friendly schools: The application of science education in shaping children’s characters to the environment
Authors: Muafiah Evi , Afifah Anis , Nurohman Dede , Huda Syamsul , Siswadi
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted to complement the existing learning by mapping carefully the child-friendly learning model applied at the Pelangi Alam School, Ponorogo, and how schools instill good habits through environmentally friendly exploration activities carried out in each lesson. This study used a qualitative phenomenological method by trying to understand the concept of environmental love by providing science and applying it to the environment. In addition, students also practiced science in understanding how the process of environmental care is through the implementation of the Environmental Green School program Pelangi Alam School, Ponorogo. The data sources of this research were the principal and 2 teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out by observing the reality of school activities, interviews about understanding the concept of Green School Environment as an effort to anticipate radicalism in schools and documentation. Based on the results of the research, the concept of Eco-Friendly Schools can help in developing positive characters. In general, students will follow the behavior that has been taught by the teacher. This continuous behavior will give a new habit which eventually become attached to the formation of the natural character of the students.
Bio-repropedia website based on reading, mapping, and sharing (RMS): A way to improve biological literacy
Authors: Djamahar Refirman , Rifan Muhamad , Ristanto Rizhal Hendi
Published: March 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of the Bio-Repropedia website based on reading, mind mapping, and sharing (RMS) learning model of reproductive system materials to improve student biological literacy. The method used is a quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. Sample of 61 students were taken random sampling from the class XI IPA SMAN 16 Jakarta, Indonesia student population. The instrument used is biological literacy oriented tests amounted to 30 items. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods, t test and normalized gain. The results showed an increase in biological literacy due to the application of the Bio-Repropedia website based RMS to reproductive system learning. The normalized gain score of 0.69 indicated that the Bio-Repropedia website is effective at improving biological literacy. The Biorepropedia Website based on RMS is best at improving the multidimensional aspects of biological literacy and the concept of menstruation of the reproductive system.
Islamic Literacy-Based Physics E-Module with STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) Approach
Authors: Diani Rahma , Yanti Yuli , Hartati Niken Sri , Fujiani Dwi , Hasanah Ida Faridatul , Alamsyah
Published: March 2021

Lack of Islamic literacy-based physics e-module motivated the researchers to develop said module since education is not only aimed at producing skillful individuals in the scientific and technological fields but also have high religious awareness to face the current global development. This study was intended to produce an Islamic literacy-based physics e-module with a STEM approach through the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques used were non-test instruments in the form of material expert validation sheets, media expert validation sheets, religious expert validation sheet, a questionnaire for tenth-grade physics teachers, and a questionnaire for tenth-grade students. This research has succeeded in developing an Islamic literacy-based physics e-module. The average scores obtained from the material, media and religious experts validations were 88%, 89%, and 90% respectively. The recapitulation of the questionnaire’s percentage put the developed e-module into a feasible category. The average percentage of the teacher response was 87%,. The small group trial obtained an average percentage of 85% while the field trial obtained an average percentage of 86% within the very interesting category.
STEAM and Environment on students’ creative-thinking skills: A meta-analysis study
Authors: Suganda Emma , Latifah Sri , Irwandani  , Sari Putri Mardiana , Rahmayanti Henita , Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Mehadi Rahman Md.
Published: March 2021

In the 21st-century, learning based on Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM) has been increasingly popular, especially in learning physics at schools. This learning is considered to be able to accommodate many students’ abilities, especially in the aspects of understanding and higher-order thinking skills. Through a meta-analysis study, this article discusses how STEAM learning accommodated students’ creative-thinking skills. The study was carried out by collecting articles in the Scopus, DOAJ, and ERIC databases. A total of 16 selected articles based on STEAM and creative-thinking skills keywords were analyzed through 5 stages, namely orientation, conceptualization, investigation, discussion, and conclusion. The results of the analysis showed that STEAM learning can improve students’ creative-thinking skills. STEAM can be integrated with environment concept. However, research on STEAM and creative-thinking skills has not been done much in the field of physics.