bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Invitro Antifungal Activity of Ethanolic Crude Extract of Punicagranatum peel and Woodfordiafruticosa Leaves on Isolates of Candida Species
Authors: Bhavana Sujanamulk , Maloth Kotya N. , Koothati Ramesh K , Chintamaneni Rajalakshmi , Kumar K. Navadeepak , Anusha Nayanala Venkata
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

The Candida species which are opportunistic fungi especially the species of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis have been causing oral candidiasis. Due to resistance of conventional antifungal agents, the scientists are in verge of exploring novel antifungal drugs such as traditional medicinal plants. Hence we aimed in studying the antifungal effect of Woodfordia fruiticosa and Punicagranatum which are plants of Lythraceae on Candida species.

Materials and Methods:

The ethanolic extracts of both the plants were prepared using soxhlet extraction method and the obtained metabolites were confirmed by Thin Layer Chromatography. The Paper discs were prepared by Whatman filter paper No. 1 The disc was moistened with 10 μL from the prepared stock solution. Were kept at 4°C for 3 hours for diffusion and incubated for 48 hours. Then the diameters of the circular inhibition zones were measured.

Results:

The obtained data was expressed as mean and standard deviation. Chloroform fraction of Woodfordia fruticosa showed superior antifungal effect when compared to Punicagranatum peel.

Conclusion:

The invitro antimicrobial activity of Woodfordia leaf depicted superior antifungal activity against Candida isolates with effective anticandidal effect when compared to Punica peel. In future both of these plants could serve as basis for the new anti-candidal agents.
Piloting of “Blended learning” - An Innovative Educational Intervention in Oral Medicine and Radiology
Authors: Naik Zameera , Kumar S Lokesh , Bagewadi Anjana S. , Keluskar Vaishali
Published: June 2022

Context:

Various universities have set in a wave of adapting to the newer concepts of teaching–learning to keep pace with the millennial learners. Blended learning is a new teaching–learning method that combines online activity along with face-to-face activity. Flipped classroom approach is the use of Web-enabled strategies that free up class time to allow teachers to spend more time guiding their students.

Aim:

To assess the impact of flipped classroom approach on the teaching–learning outcomes of dental undergraduates.

Settings and Design:

A prospective comparative educational intervention was conducted in the Oral Medicine and Radiology department of a private dental college in Belagavi.

Methods and Materials:

Forty third-year undergraduates were equally allocated into the traditional learning group (20) and flipped classroom learning group (20). A pretest/posttest format was employed with mandatory feedback. For flipped classroom approach, an audio/video lecture of 10 minutes duration was shared through learning management software. The assessment was MCQs and case-based.

Statistical Analysis:

Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon matched-pairs tests were used for intergroup and intragroup comparisons, respectively.

Results:

The mean posttest score was significantly higher in flipped classroom method than in the traditional method (P = 0.0001). Performance on case-based questions was highly statistically significant in the flipped classroom group with a mean rank of 29.8 (P < 0.001). Intragroup comparison between the mean pretest and posttest scores in the flipped classroom showed a high statistical significance (P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:

Flipped classroom teaching should be recommended as it has the advantages of providing students with a pace of learning, peer learning, instant feedback, and using classroom time effectively. Faculty have to invest time, but nothing is greater than a meaningful teaching–learning experience.
Preoperative preparation and premedication of bariatric surgical patient
Authors: Varbanova Marina , Maggard Brittany , Lenhardt Rainer
Published: June 2022

The prevalence of obesity has tripled worldwide over the past four decades. The United States has the highest rates of obesity, with 88% of the population being overweight and 36% obese. The UK has the sixth highest prevalence of obesity. The problem of obesity is not isolated to the developed world and has increasingly become an issue in the developing world as well. Obesity carries an increased risk of many serious diseases and health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, sleep apnea, and certain cancers. Our ability to take care of this population safely throughout the perioperative period begins with a thorough and in-depth preoperative assessment and meticulous preparation. The preoperative assessment begins with being able to identify patients who suffer from obesity by using diagnostic criteria and, furthermore, being able to identify patients whose obesity is causing pathologic and physiologic changes. A detailed and thorough anesthesia assessment should be performed, and the anesthesia plan individualized and tailored to the specific patient's risk factors and comorbidities. The important components of the preoperative anesthesia assessment and patient preparation in the patient suffering from obesity include history and physical examination, airway assessment, medical comorbidities evaluation, functional status determination, risk assessment, preoperative testing, current weight loss medication, and review of any prior weight loss surgeries and their implications on the upcoming anesthetic. The preoperative evaluation of this population should occur with sufficient time before the planned operation to allow for modifications of the preoperative management without needing to delay surgery as the perioperative management of patients suffering from obesity presents significant practical and organizational challenges.
Comparison of ultrasound-guided residual gastric volume measurement between diabetic and non-diabetic patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia
Authors: Haramgatti Avinash , Sharma Sanjeev , Kumar Amit , Jilowa Sarita
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims:

The presence of gastric content increases the risk of aspiration during general anesthesia. Diabetic patients have delayed gastric emptying; however, despite adequate fasting because of diabetic gastroparesis these patients have a high risk of aspiration. This study aimed to compare ultrasound-guided measurement of residual gastric volume between diabetic and non-diabetic patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia.

Methods:

This prospective observational study included 80 patients divided into two groups of 40 diabetic patients with a minimum of 8 years history of diabetes and 40 nondiabetic patients aged >18 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status I–II kept with similar fasting intervals. Before induction of general anesthesia, gastric ultrasound was performed using standard gastric scanning protocol to measure craniocaudal (CC) and anteroposterior (AP) diameters followed by calculation of antral cross-sectional area (CSA) and gastric volume in semi-sitting (SS) and right lateral decubitus (RLD) position using curved array probe. The gastric antrum volume (GV) was classified as Grade 0, 1, or 2, and risk stratification for aspiration was done. The nasogastric tube was inserted after induction of anesthesia to aspirate and compare the gastric content.

Results:

In the semi-sitting position, the mean CC and AP diameters were 16.38 ± 3.31 mm and 10.1 ± 2.53 mm in the non-diabetic group and 25.19 ± 4.08 mm and 15.8 ± 3.51 mm in the diabetic group, respectively. In RLD, CC was 1.91 ± 0.38 cm and AP was 1.19 ± 0.34 cm in the non-diabetic group as compared to the CC of 2.78 ± 0.4 cm and AP of 1.81 ± 0.39 cm in the diabetic group. The calculated CSA of 318.23 ± 97.14 mm2 and 4 ± 1.1 cm2 in diabetic were significantly higher than 133.12 ± 58.56 mm2 and 1.83 ± 0.83 cm2 of non-diabetic, in SS (p < 0.0001) and RLD (p < 0.0001) positions, respectively. The GV of 15.48 ± 11.18 ml in the diabetic group was significantly higher than (-) 9.77 ± 18.56 ml in the non-diabetic group (p < 0.0001). Despite the differences in CSA and GV between diabetic and non-diabetic groups, both groups showed a low gastric residual volume (<1.5 ml/kg). The gastric tube aspirate in the non-diabetic and diabetic groups was 0.3 ± 0.78 ml and 1.24 ± 1.46 ml, respectively, and was statistically significant (p = 0.0006).

Conclusion:

Patients with long-standing diabetes showed higher gastric residual and antral CSA when compared with non-diabetic patients. The clinical significance of these findings needs further evidence for the formulation of specific guidelines for diabetic patients.
Perioperative Pain Management in Bariatric Anesthesia
Authors: Eipe Naveen , Budiansky Adele S.
Published: June 2022

Weight loss (bariatric) surgery is the most commonly performed elective surgical procedure in patients with morbid obesity. In this review, we provide an evidence-based update on perioperative pain management in bariatric anesthesia. We mention some newer preoperative aspects—medical optimization, physical preparation, patient education, and psychosocial factors—that can all improve pain management. In the intraoperative period, with bariatric surgery being almost universally performed laparoscopically, we emphasize the use of non-opioid adjuvant infusions (ketamine, lidocaine, and dexmedetomidine) and suggest some novel regional anesthesia techniques to reduce pain, opioid requirements, and side effects. We discuss some postoperative strategies that additionally focus on patient safety and identify patients at risk of persistent pain and opioid use after bariatric surgery. This review suggests that the use of a structured, step-wise, severity-based, opioid-sparing multimodal analgesic protocol within an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) framework can improve postoperative pain management. Overall, by incorporating all these aspects throughout the perioperative journey ensures improved patient safety and outcomes from pain management in bariatric anesthesia.
Prewarming for Prevention of Hypothermia in Older Patients Undergoing Hand Surgery Under Brachial Plexus Block
Authors: Cho Sung-Ae , Chang Minhye , Lee Seok-Jin , Sung Tae-Yun , Cho Choon-Kyu
Published: June 2022

Background: Older patients are more vulnerable to inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. Prewarming contributes to the prevention of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia in patients under general or neuraxial anesthesia. However, the effects of brachial plexus block (BPB) on thermoregulation and the efficacy of prewarming in the prevention of hypothermia in older patients undergoing surgery with BPB remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of BPB on thermoregulation and the efficacy of prewarming during BPB in older patients.Methods: Patients aged ≥65 years were randomly allocated to receive either standard preoperative insulation (control group, n=20) or preanesthetic forced-air warming for 20 minutes before BPB (prewarming group, n=20). During the perioperative period, tympanic temperatures were measured. Thermal comfort scores and shivering grades were also obtained.Results: The tympanic temperatures at the end of surgery did not differ between the groups (36.9°C±0.5°C and 37.0°C±0.4°C in the control and prewarming groups, respectively; p=0.252). The maximum temperature change was significantly lower in the prewarming group compared to the control group (0.36°C±0.4°C and 0.65°C±0.3°C, respectively; p=0.013). The hypothermia incidence and severity, thermal comfort scores, and shivering grades did not differ between the groups.Conclusion: Regardless of the application of prewarming, BPB did not cause a clinically significant impairment of thermoregulation. Moreover, the efficacy of prewarming appeared to be low; thus, it may not be routinely required in patients undergoing orthopedic hand surgery under BPB.
Microsoft SQL Sunucusunda Veritabanı Kurtarma Teknikleri
Authors: ŞAHİNASLAN Ender , ŞAHİNASLAN Önder
Published: June 2022

Enformasyona dayalı büyük verilerin paylaşıldığı günümüzde verinin korunması, saklanması ve erişilmesi kritik öneme sahiptir. Korunan bir veri ihtiyaç duyulduğunda erişilebilir olmalıdır. Dijitalleşme ve dijital dönüşüm veri saklama ve depolama teknolojilerinde büyük değişimlere neden olmaktadır. Veri yedek alma araçlarının boyutları küçülürken kapasiteleri yükselmekte, daha uygun maliyette ve daha hızlı güvenilir teknolojilere doğru ilerlemektedir. Tüm bu olumlu gelişmelere rağmen verilerin saklandığı cihaz ve sistemler üzerinde bozulma problemleri yaşanmaktadır. Bunun sonucunda veri erişim sorunları oluşmaktadır. Bu sorun veriye dayalı işlemlerin gerçekleştiği bir kurumda iş süreçlerinin durması demektir. Çalışmada geçen her bir sürenin kuruma vereceği hasar oldukça büyüktür. Diğer taraftan bankacılık, eğitim, savunma, sağlık, sigorta, tarım, telekomünikasyon gibi sektörlerde veriler genellikle Microsoft SQL, My SQL, Postgre SQL ve Oracle benzeri ilişkisel veri tabanlarının biri veya birkaçı üzerinde tutulur. Bu veri tabanları veya sunucular üzerinde yaşanabilecek bir bozulma olayı karşısında verinin hangi teknik, süreç ve yöntemlerle nasıl kurtarılması konusunda yeni araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu konu dijital veri altyapıların sürekliliğinin sağlanması bakımından kritik öneme sahiptir. Veri tabanı erişiminde yaşanabilecek ani bir kesinti karşısında hızlı bir çözüm üretilememesi durumunda iş sürekliliğinde ciddi sorunlara neden olur. Microsoft veri tabanı kullanımında karşılaşılan bozulma nedenleri, bunlara karşı alınabilecek önlemler, tutarlılık kontrolleri ve veri tabanı kurtarma yöntemleri araştırılmıştır. Büyük veri merkezlerinde kullanılan Microsoft SQL sunucusunda veri tabanı kurtarma senaryolarına dayalı teknik ve yöntemler incelenmiştir. Veri tabanında yaşanabilecek bir bozulma problemin en kısa sürede en az hasarla atlatabilmenin yöntemleri anlatılmış, VT kurtarma senaryoları üzerinden uygulama pratikleri çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda öğrenci, araştırmacı ve teknik çalışanlar için bir kılavuz niteliğindedir.
EFFECT OF GUARD CROPS ON POPULATION DENSITY OF PEA APHID (ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM HARRIS) AGAINST PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)
Authors: Yadav Vandana , Arya Sunita
Published: June 2022

A field trial was conducted during two rabi cropping seasons 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the role of some field crops as guard plants in pea crop. Sorghum, bajra and maize were cultivated at the boundaries of target crop (pea crop) to explore their ability to attract pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) away from pea crop. The outcome of the study revealed that sowing of maize at the boundaries of pea fields was not much effective in reducing the aphid infestation. On the other hand, fields surrounded by sorghum showed most effective protection from pea aphids attack on pea crop followed by bajra and polyculture (sorghum, bajra and maize with pea crop).
ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT COMPETENCY LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ADVISORS IN FEDERAL NEPAL
Authors: Singh Om Prakash , Mehta Roshan Kumar
Published: June 2022

In the present context of 21st century, modernization in the agriculture sector demands a higher level of competency to fulfill the needs and wants of people around the globe. Competency is amalgamation of skills, knowledge, attitude and behavior that trigger to perform the delegated services in a precise and systematic manner. The objective of this study was to determine the existing competency level of extension advisors of Nepalese extension service. Total 6 districts from province 1, 2 and Bagmati were selected for the study based on a questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of open and close-ended questions including the nine core competencies. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the findings. The findings indicated respondent competency in its all nine core competencies namely program planning, program implementation, communication skills, extension education and information technology, program evaluation, personal and professional development, diversity, subject matter expertise and emotional intelligence as moderately competent in general. The extension advisors perceived most competent in extension education and information technology and poor in pluralism in agriculture. Subject matter expertise, extension education and information technology skills are getting better with increase in educational level. Current level of core competency of program planning, program implementation skills, communication skills, personal and professional development and pluralism were found to have increased with increased years of experience. The exposure visit and inservice training are effective methods for competencies acquisition.
SERVQUAL: CALIDAD EN EL SERVICIO DE UN RESTAURANTE DE MARISCOS
Authors: Kaplan Navarro José César , Hermosillo Anduaga Gustavo , Yocupicio Solorio Adriana
Published: June 2022

Desde siempre el ser humano por naturaleza requiere alimentarse, la forma de hacerlo ha venido evolucionando conforme a los avances tecnológicos y los roles que los integrantes de las familias realizan. Ya sea que preparen sus alimentos en el hogar o que decidan alimentarse fuera del hogar en sitios determinados conocidos como restaurantes para ofrecer alimentos preparados  al público en general.

La historia ha mostrado que los restaurantes han venido desarrollando diferentes maneras de atención a sus clientes a fin de cumplir con las exigencias que el mercado requiere.  Lo anterior, ha originado que en México la industria restaurantera sea fuente importante de inversiones e ingresos, y que al ser del sector servicios impacte de manera significativa en el desarrollo de otros sectores económicos vía consumo de insumos que la industria demanda. Según datos de INEGI (2021), en México la industria restaurantera acumuló el 12.2% de todos los negocios del país con 581 mil 530 unidades económicas que generan más de 2 millones de empleos.  Con la finalidad de identificar lo que el cliente espera de la organización; en este proyecto se muestran los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de la metodología SERVQUAL de calidad en el servicio que evalúa cinco aspectos: fiabilidad, capacidad de respuesta, seguridad, empatía y elementos tangibles. Lo anterior, sin duda será de gran utilidad para una mejor toma de decisiones.
Dress Code is not a Mere Body Covering: A Study of Individual Employees in Different Professions of the Sri Lankan public Sector
Authors: I. D. D. A. Wijayasiri , L. K. B. M. Jayasekera
Published: June 2022

As same as an inappropriate person and inappropriate dress code would not fit for a job. The importance of a logical relationship between a job and the dress code has been identified as fundamental in a dress code policy within a profession. Whether the dress affected the individual employees in different professions of the Sri Lankan public sector and the consequences caused are examined through this study. A qualitative approach was used as the research approach, and an exploratory survey was conducted with the purpose of investigating the consequences of dress codes on employees. The cross-sectional research study was conducted in a natural setting to examine the findings more realistic. Six participants, including three male and three female participants, were selected as the sample of the study by using purposive sampling techniques. Two doctors, two lawyers, one teacher and one agriculture officer representing the different professions of the public sector were purposely selected. The findings of the study revealed that all the professionals more comparatively different tasks were also affected by having or not having a prescribed dress code within their professions. This emphasized the consequences of the presence and the absence of a prescribed dress code within their professions. Hence this study helped determine the pre and post-consequences of a dress code policy to a profession, and the findings would help to identify and avoid the bad repercussions which can be aroused in the professional environment.
Gingival and Periodontal Diseases Seen in Children and Adolescents: A Review of Literature
Authors: Kashyap Nillotpol
Published: June 2022

Gingival and periodontal ontal disease are seen in children at various stages of their growth period. Although gingival diseases are fairly common in children it is the opposite for periodontal diseases. Periodontal diseases are fairly uncommon in children and can be seen only if the children are suffering from some syndromes or genetical anomalies like Chediak Higashi syndrome, leucocytic adhesion defect etc. Gingival diseases can occur due to improper maintenance of oral health or during puberty in girls. Gingival diseases may have other causes like viral, bacterial, drug induced etc. This review article is an attempt to exlain the causes of gingival and periodontal diseases and their proper management in the dental clinic.
Clinicopathological Correlation in Dermatopathology
Authors: El Faituri Safa Suleman
Published: June 2022

Introduction and aim: Getting an accurate diagnosis in dermatopathology requires a combination of clinical and pathological information. Our aim was to assess the importance of the correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnosis in various cutaneous diseases.

Materials and Methods: One-hundred cases of variable skin diseases were studied clinically by dermatologist and histopathologically by general pathologists. Cliniopathological correlation was done by direct communication between the dermatologist and the pathologist.

Results: Concordance between pathological and clinical diagnoses was seen in 84%, a new pathological diagnosis was issued in 3% and non-diagnostic report in 13 %. After clinicopathological correlation; out of 84%, we accept only 65% as final diagnosis. In addition, the correlation was helpful and provide a diagnosis in another 20% of cases. One new pathological diagnosis was accepted whereas in the remaining cases (14%) further workup were required.

Conclusions: Accurate diagnosis of cutaneous disorders depends on clinical skills as well as careful histopathological assessment and best results can be obtained if the patient and biopsy sections are viewed together. Electron microscopy, immunofluorescence assay, immunohistochemistry techniques and molecular pathology are important adjuncts for definite diagnosis of many skin diseases.
Minimally Invasive Anterolateral Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Bone Preserving Short Femoral Stem: Intermediate Term Clinical and Radiological Results
Authors: Elkabbani Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the intermediate term clinical and radiological results of a Bone preserving short stem hip implant being operated through a minimally invasive anterolateral hip approach.

Methods: In 20 consecutive patients suffering from osteoarthritis with 25 affected hip joints (five cases were bilateral), the clinical and radiological results of 25 hip arthroplasties performed in one hospital between October 2009 and May 2014 through a minimally invasive anterolateral approach using a cementless short stem prosthesis type Aida and a cementless cup type Ecofit with a ceramic-on-ceramic pairing were evaluated prospectively. The median age of patients at time of surgery was 60 years (range, 42-71 years), 15 male (4 were bilateral) and 5 female patients (one was bilateral) were included in the study. The median clinical follow up was 30 months (range, 2-88 months) and the median radiological follow up was 30 months (range, 2-88 months).

Results: Harris Hip Score improved from a median preoperative value of 53 to a median postoperative value of 96 (range, 73-100) at follow up. 22 hips (88%) showed an excellent postoperative Harris Hip Score, 2 hips (8%) a good postoperative Harris Hip Score and one hip (4%) a fair postoperative Harris Hip Score. Only two patients complained of postoperative thigh pain. Regarding patient satisfaction, 15 patients (60%) were very satisfied, 10 patients (40%) were satisfied. None was unsatisfied. Radiological analysis showed that 19 stems (76%) were with stable bony ingrowth, two cases (8%) showed stable fibrous ingrowth. Four cases need further follow up for proper evaluation of stem fixation.

Conclusion: The intermediate term survival of the Aida short stem hip implant being operated through a minimally invasive anterolateral hip approach is very promising and achieving the goals of a standard hip arthroplasty.
Yetiştirici Koşullarında Halep Keçisi Oğlaklarında Doğrusal ve Doğrusal Olmayan Yöntemlerle Büyümenin Tahmin Edilmesi
Authors: ŞİRELİ Halit Deniz , ÇOLAK Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, Diyarbakır İli Bismil İlçesinde entansif yetiştiricilik yapan bir süt keçisi işletmesinde mevcut 30 baş erkek ve 30 baş dişi toplam 60 baş Halep keçisi oğlakları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, oğlaklara ait doğum ağırlığı ve 7 aylık canlı ağırlıklar ölçülmüş ve bu ağırlıklara ait büyüme eğrisi modellerinden Linear, Gompertz ve Richards büyüme eğrisi modelleri denenmiştir. Kullanılan modeller içerisinden en iyi modelin tespit edilebilmesi için belirtme katsayısı (R2) ve hata kareler ortalaması (HKO) istatistiki değerleri kullanılmış olup, büyümeyi en iyi açıklayan modelin; tekiz doğan (0.98±2.66), ikiz doğan (0.97±1.33) ve dişi Halep keçisi oğlaklarında (0.98±1.31), Richards büyüme eğrisi modeli en iyi tanımlarken, erkek Halep keçisi oğlaklarında ise denenen modellerin tümü sırasıyla 0.975±1.76; 0.976±2.01; 0.976±2.49 bulunmuş olup, Gompertz ve Richards modelleri aynı ölçüde tanımlamasına rağmen, HKO en küçük olan Gompertz modelin büyümeyi tanımlayan en iyi model olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak kullanılan büyüme modellerinin araştırma materyalimiz olan Halep Keçisi oğlakları ile iyi bir uyum sağladığını, yapılması düşünülen erken seleksiyon ile oldukça isabetli sonuçların elde edilebileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Çünkü tespit edilen belirtme katsayıları ( R2) son derece yüksek olmasına karşın, bunlara ait hata kareler ortalamaları (HKO) da o ölçüde küçük tespit edilmiştir.
An Approach to the Anthropology of Clothing: The case of the Chopcca Nation
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica (Perú) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-9507, Arias Sánchez Raúl Eleazar
Published: June 2022

This article aims to propose some preliminary ideas about the origin of the Chopcca people, from the Huancavelica region. This research used the ethnographic method, due to its purpose was exploratory, with a descriptive design. To collect the information, an observation sheet, a bibliographic review sheet and an interview form were used. The results obtained were processed and translated from the Quechua language into Spanish for a better understanding, in the same way, they showed that the origin of the “Chopcca Nation” could go back to the eighteenth century of our era and have a syncretic nuance which would evoke a fusion between European fashion and its adaptation to the Andean scenario, a conclusion that we reach thanks to an anthropological perspective of clothing, which, until now, has not been studied. Finally, we point out that this initial approach will allow to generate a new methodological approach to approach the history of this “nation” from another angle.
Human Development and Government Expenditure in Asian Countries: An Empirical Study
Authors:   Faculty of Finance and Accounting, Saigon University, Vietnam, Ho Thuy Ngoc
Published: June 2022

This study examines the impact of public spending on human development in Asian countries, considering both investment and current spending. The empirical method is a system-GMM, using a dataset of 35 Asian countries collected from 2005 to 2014 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The findings indicated that government spending, both investment and current spending, had effects on the human development index, but these effects are not linear. Depending on the type of expenditure, the detected threshold effect is U-shape or inverted U-shape. According to this study, government spending could adversely impact human growth if the optimal expenditure thresholds are broken. These findings have significant implications for enhancing the effectiveness of public expenditure to improve the human development index. This study also provides meaningful lessons that are especially pertinent for Asian countries, including Vietnam.
REPRESENTAÇÃO DE PERSONAGENS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA LITERATURA INFANTIL:
Authors: Milene Fontenelle Carvalho Martha , De Araújo Pontes Verônica Maria
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da representação de um personagem com deficiência intelectual presente no livro de literatura infantil Asas do Joel. O livro selecionado faz parte do acervo de sugestões para leituras do PNLD literário de 2018. O objetivo consiste em analisar a representação do personagem Joel, do livro de literatura infantil Asas do Joel publicado no material do PNLD literário 2018. E, diante disso, refletir sobre as possíveis implicações dessa representação para discussão na perspectiva no campo da educação inclusiva, que contempla e considera a as diferenças e a diversidade. Para atingir tais objetivos a análise se deu a partir da pesquisa bibliográfica. Fundamentando nossa pesquisa, utilizamos Azevedo (2014), Carrasco (1998), Colomer (2003), Figueira (2017) e Piza (1991). Os resultados da análise ratificam a necessidade de um cuidado minucioso à elaboração de personagens com deficiência, já que irão transmitir várias informações que podem ou não auxiliar no processo inclusivo. Em “Asas de Joel”, apesar de algumas terminologias ultrapassadas para se reportar à pessoa com deficiência como alguém que era visto como incapaz, esquisito, diferente, ao mesmo tempo, também pode visualizar a contribuição de uma amizade para um bom desenvolvimento de um personagem que tem deficiência intelectual. A superação, a coragem e a lealdade frente a situações que os personagens são expostos ficam evidentes no decorrer da narrativa.
ANÚNCIOS PUBLICITÁRIOS EM PÁGINAS DO FACEBOOK:
Authors: Lima Oliveira Saniela , Fernandes Sousa Maria Margarete , Melquíades Matos Sayonara
Published: June 2022

Este artigo é resultado de pesquisa de Iniciação Científica, PIBIC, que dá continuidade às pesquisas anteriores, que vimos realizando desde 2009, em que se vem estudando os gêneros discursivos anúncios publicitários e os processos de construção dos sentidos do texto. Neste artigo, temos como objetivo analisar o contexto de situação (registro; campo (field), relações (tenor) e modo (mode)) e contexto de cultura (gênero) dos anúncios publicitários, que configuram a Estrutura Genérica Potencial (EPG)/ Estrutura Esquemática (EE) de Martin e Rose (2007). Esta pesquisa está, no tocante à concepção de gênero e seu status social e funcional, ancorada em Halliday (1985) e outros autores que seguem a esteira funcionalista. Para o entendimento dos conceitos de contexto de cultura e contexto de situação nos apoiamos em Halliday (1985) e Martin e Rose (2007), autores que abordam mais diretamente o tema (estrutura esquemática) na perspectiva funcionalista. O corpus foi formado por 40 anúncios publicitários das marcas Estrela, Havaianas, Natura e Itaipava, coletados das páginas de Facebook das respectivas marcas para fins publicitários, dos quais selecionamos 4, um de cada marca, para representar o total de textos analisados. Após a análise, destacamos como resultados que os anúncios apresentam os traços inerentes que nos levam a afirmar a existência de uma EPG/EE, o que nos leva a concluir que estes anúncios são gêneros discursivos do domínio publicitário.
DÊIXIS:
Authors: De Oliveira Santos Maria do Perpétuo Socorro
Published: June 2022

No arcabouço teórico da Linguística Textual, o estudo da referenciação e dos processos referenciais tem se destacado. A referenciação é a construção dos referentes em decorrência da interação que acontece entre enunciador e interlocutor na situação comunicativa. Os processos referenciais constituem importantes componentes para a coerência e coesão textual. A dêixis, como tal, ao mostrar os referentes no discurso baseado no direcionamento que o enunciador dá, possibilita o resgate do objeto de discurso. A intenção deste trabalho teórico é mostrar, partindo de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em Cavalcante (2000, 2011) e Ciulla (2002, 2008), o relativo consenso quanto ao conceito e aos tipos dêiticos existentes. Destaca-se que apesar de haver divergências, há substancialidade no que se refere à classificação dêitica canônica.
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Authors: Rodrigues Ramos da Silva Suéllen , Pereira de Lima Maria de Lourdes , Abrantes de Menezes Carvalho Danielle
Published: June 2022

Neste artigo, através da análise literária do romance Fim, de Fernanda Torres (2013), são examinados aspectos das trajetórias dos personagens Ciro e Neto, focando as relações afetivas, com suas respectivas esposas, Ruth e Célia, e amigos em comum, Álvaro, Ribeiro e Sílvio. A partir dos narradores, predominantemente homodiegéticos, suas vivências cotidianas são presentificadas pela rememoração de experiências, e a obra evidencia seu caráter psicológico, contemplando reflexões sobre amizades, ausências, a finitude, a relação com a morte, o luto e a melancolia. O romance desperta no leitor um senso de proximidade dos personagens, por meio de seus conflitos internos, representação no universo literário de sentimentos e reflexões sobre a solidão e as perdas afetivas, que tem par em nossa realidade contemporânea, num momento desafiador para a humanidade. Na fundamentação, foram utilizados Benjamin (1987), Santiago (2002) e Reis e Lopes (1988), que abordam características da narração; Bosi (1994; 2003), acerca da memória; Candido (2011), sobre literatura e humanização; e Freud (2006), em relação à perda do objeto amado.
Análisis prospectivo sobre trabajo informal, venta ambulante y seguridad social en San José, C.R. para el periodo 2020-2025
Authors: Herrera Rodríguez Daniela
Published: June 2022

El trabajo informal va aumentando sus cifras a nivel mundial y Costa Rica no es la excepción. En el país las cifras de trabajadores formales e informales se están igualando, por lo que es un tema que requiere pronta atención. Está investigación se centró en las personas vendedoras ambulantes del casco central de San José (Costa Rica). Es un hecho lo desprotegido que están los trabajadores informales en el tema de seguridad social, por lo que, por medio de una metodología prospectiva, se determinaron las posibilidades reales de acceso de un grupo de 30 vendedores ambulantes al régimen de Invalidez, Vejez y Muerte de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (CCSS), tomando en cuenta el análisis costo-beneficio de la formalidad como está planteada actualmente. En adición, se generaron los datos socioeconómicos de la población de estudio, para llevar a un análisis prospectivo que combinó variables cuantitativas y cualitativas para determinar si la seguridad social de las personas vendedoras ambulantes del casco central de San José mejoraría en cinco años
Microcápsulas matemáticas: una experiencia en las clases de matemáticas del Colegio Científico Costarricense, Puntarenas
Authors: Parra Salazar Edward
Published: June 2022

El artículo muestra la experiencia de la aplicación de un recurso de aprendizaje basado en microaprendizaje como alternativa para construir conocimientos matemáticos básicos de la población estudiantil que ingresa al Colegio Científico Costarricense de Puntarenas (Costa Rica). Se utilizó la investigación basada en el diseño (Design-Based Research). A su vez, se apostó por fomentar el aprendizaje informal como elemento de complementariedad en la clase de matemáticas. El recurso de aprendizaje (microcápsulas) alentó a la utilización de los dispositivos móviles para construir conocimientos sobre tópicos matemáticos. También la implementación que utiliza la investigación, basada en el diseño, potenció el rol activo del estudiante y generó nuevos campos para continuar experimentando con las microcápsulas en otras áreas del quehacer científico.
The Antibiotic Prescription Trend of Dentists for Endodontic Treatment from a Region of Pakistan: An Online Survey.
Authors: Qureshi Asim , Zain Muhammad , Shah Syed Imran , Qureshi Rizwan , Majeed Abdul , Islam Junaid
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Globally the overuse of systemic antibiotics is now a serious concern for the health professionals. The increase in antimicrobial resistant bacteria because of this practice has made treatment of infections ever more difficult. In providing endodontic treatment it has been found that many dentists are either misusing or overusing systemic antibiotics. The objective of this study was to assess the antibiotic prescribing trends of dentists in a region of Pakistan and if any association could be made of such practices with the experience of the dentist.

Methodology: This cross sectional study was based on an on line questionnaire. A total of 150 invitation were sent by emails and social media groups like ’Whattsapp’. This estimation of respondents was made by calculating the total fresh graduates and clinical dental faculty of the three dental institute of the region. The online survey was designed on the checklist based on Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-surveys (CHERRIES). SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Chi square test was used with p- value< 0-05.

Results: There was an 84% response rate on this online questionnaire. Most of the participants (71.5%) were aware of guidelines for antibiotic use.  Only 12.30% participants as a whole had attended a seminar or workshop in the last one year on recent guidelines for antibiotic prescription.  Of the total, 42.30% of the respondents were prescribing antibiotics to 2-3 patients on a daily basis. Majority of the respondents (63.84%) would prefer penicillin’s as the first choice of antibiotic if needed. But 62.7% of the fresh graduates would advise systemic antibiotics in a case of endodontic flare up where there is no recommendation or justification. With 44.7% dental practitioners’ prescribing antibiotics in the same scenario it was statistically significant (p=0.0480).

Recommendations: Globally, the overuse of antibiotics is a trend which is concerning, here in the region of Abbottabad, Pakistan this same trend is present.  Dental health care providers must understand that prescription of systemic antibiotics when not recommended may lead to antimicrobial resistance, whereas non-prescription when necessary may have detrimental health consequences. So the practitioners’ knowledge of guidelines is irrelevant as long as they are not practicing it. Hence the rationale for not practicing on the guidelines is what needs to be further investigated in future studies.
BUSINESS OPERATION AND WORK FORCE IN NIGERIA DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: DOES GOVERNMENT’S COVID-19 BUSINESS STIMULUS MEASURE IN NIGERIA MATTER FOR BUSINESS?
Authors: Nnaemeka Nathaniel Obasi
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Does COVID-19 pandemic affect business operation in Nigeria? What is the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic and workforce in Nigeria? What is the impact of government COVID-19 business stimulus on businesses in Nigeria? Through these questions, the objective of this research was to identify how COVID-19 pandemic affected business operation and workforce, as well as identifying how business collapse caused by the pandemic can be reduced via stimulus measure and putting good policies in place to actualise it.

Methodology: For the research design, this study adopted quantitative method with large sample size and utilized regression analysis. The study has a sample size of 150 businesses using a structured questionnaire with random sampling technique to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on business operation and workforce, as well as the effect of government COVID-19 business stimulus on businesses in Nigeria. This study used logistic regression analysis as the method of data analysis.  

Findings: The logistic regression result computed from the survey data from the respondent businesses revealed that COVID-19 exerted negative impact on both the business operation and workforce in Nigeria. Furthermore, result indicated that government COVID-19 business stimulus exerted positive impact on businesses, thereby reduced business collapse.

Unique contribution to practice and policy: Its unique contribution to practice and policy is that policy makers will shift in line with the findings. Policy makers should ensure that policies that mitigate business collapse in the advent of a pandemic are put in place and adhered to help check business failure associated with the pandemic.
Gender Differences in Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours: A Case of Students at the Institute of Rural Development Planning in Dodoma, Tanzania
Authors: James Stephen , Mwembezi Gasper , Chusi Tafuteni
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Healthy lifestyle behaviours lead to good health and reduce the mortality rate. The objective of this study was to examine gender differences in healthy lifestyle behaviours among students at the Institute of Rural Development Planning in Dodoma, Tanzania.

Methodology: The study area was Mbwanga ward at the respective Institute. The research design was cross-sectional in which data were collected from the population at a single point in time. The sample size was 160 respondents involving 67(41.9%) males and 93(58.1%) females out of 281 registered students in the Second Year Bachelor Degree Programme of Human Resource Planning and Management 2020/2021 academic year. The data collection method was interview while a structured self-reported questionnaire derived from the Lifestyle Screening Tool developed by Kim and Kang was a data collection tool. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to conduct data analysis by Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

Findings: Results showed that there were gender differences in healthy lifestyle behaviours. Females were at least leading in perceiving desirable behaviours which included water drinking, air-breathing, dietary habits, temperance and trust. Males only did better on two healthy lifestyle behaviours which included sleep and physical exercise compared with females. Further results on the Independent Samples t-Test (t [158] = -1.858; p   showed that even though both gender had different perceptions of their lifestyle behaviours, such difference was not statistically significant.

Recommendations: The study recommended that students’ Programme Coordinators should remind students to drink sufficient water for keeping good health on occasions of their scheduled meeting; while students should plant more trees and flowers at the Campus and in residential areas to optimize clean air-breathing.
Effects of Educational Intervention and Telephone-Reminders on Appointment-Keeping for Immunization among Mothers with Under-5 Children in Oyo State, Nigeria.
Authors: Babarinde Olamide J , Atulomah Nnodimele O
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study assessed effects of educational intervention and telephone-reminders on appointment-keeping for immunization among mothers with under-5 children in Oyo state, Nigeriao state, Nigeria.

Methodology: The study utilized a quasi-experimental design which comprised two experimental groups and one control group using the quantitative approach. Health education intervention was delivered to the one experimental group, Health education intervention and Telephone-reminder SMS was delivered to the experimental group two at 6th and 10th week of their immunization appointment and no intervention was delivered to the control group. The educational intervention was for a duration of 2 weeks which was in three sessions, lasting for an average of 120 minutes. At baseline, data were collected before the intervention, at 2weeks immediately after the intervention, and at 8th weeks post-intervention in both the experimental and control groups. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 to generate descriptive and inferential results.

Findings: Results showed that at baseline, there was no significant difference p<0.05 in the mean score of appointment-keeping practices in Intervention 2 (5.30±1.40), Intervention 1 (5.40±3.30), and control group (5.53±1.20). Between baseline and immediate post intervention, there was increase in the mean score of appointment-keeping practices in Intervention 2 (from 5.30±1.40 to 14.73±1.40, ES= 1.70), Intervention 1 (from 5.40±1.11 to 14.60±2.12, ES= 1.13). The level of appointment-keeping increased significantly between baseline and 8th-weeks follow up in Intervention 2 (from 5.30±1.40 to 16.75±2.15, ES= 4.24); Intervention 1 (from 5.40±3.30 to 14.80±2.04, ES= 2.37). However, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the CG at baseline and post intervention (from 5.53±1.20 to 5.61±1.40, ES= 0.14) also baseline and 8-weeks follow up (from 5.53±1.20 to 5.60±1.66, ES= 0.13). Intervention 2 results were significantly higher. In conclusion, the combined health education and telephone-reminder intervention was a more effective approach than the health education approach in increasing the appointment-keeping practices of mothers with under-5 children.

Recommendation: The study recommend that telephone-reminder be incorporated in health education strategies for mothers of under-5 children for effective control and prevention of vaccine preventable diseases.
O‘simlik dunyosiga oid qonunchilik tahlili: O‘zbekiston va Germaniya tajribasi misolida
Authors: Maxkamov Durbek
Published: June 2022

Mazkur maqolada o‘simlik dunyosiga oid qonun hujjatlarining mazmun-mohiyati, konsepsiyalar asosida shakllangan huquqiy tizim, erishilgan yutuqlar va mavjud muammolar to‘g‘risida fikrlar bayon qilingan. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi va Germaniya Federativ Respublikasining o‘simlik dunyosi ob'ektlarini tartibga soluvchi normativ-huquqiy hujjatlarning qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlili amalga oshirildi. Bunda har ikkala davlat qonunchiligining muhim jihatlari, tadbiq qilish mumkin bo‘lgan yutuqlari to‘g‘risida mulohaza yuritildi. Xalqaro tajriba va uning milliy qonunchilikka ta'siri sanab o‘tildi. O‘simlik dunyosi ob'ektlariga zarar yetkazganlik uchun yuzaga keladigan javobgarlik masalalari bo‘yicha nazariy fikrlar, turli ilmiy qarashlar o‘rganildi. Maqola natijasi sifatida mavjud huquqiy mexaniz-mlarni takomillashtirish, zamonaviy tendensiyalar asosida yo‘nalishlarni belgilash masalalariga to‘xtalib o‘tildi.
O‘quvchilarda ijodiy faollikni va mustaqil fikrlash qobiliyatini shakllantirish
Authors: Sultanova Ulboʻlsin
Published: June 2022

Ushbu maqolada o‘quvchilarda ijodiy faollikni va uning zaminida yotuvchi mustaqil fikrlash qobiliyatini shakllantirish, “Muammoli ta’lim” imkoniyatlari hamda ulardan foydalanish haqida ma’lumot berilgan. Didaktik o‘yinlarni tashkil qilish samaradorligi haqida so‘z yuritilgan.