bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Languaging Curriculum in Practice: Communicating Successfully on Social Media
Authors: Rangsarittikun Ronnakrit , Watson Todd Richard
Published: March 2022

The languaging curriculum involves learning to strategically make use of available tools and resources to successfully do things with English for real-world purposes. In this article, we describe how languaging was implemented in a task where students communicate about a hobby of their choice on Reddit discussion forums. Over three weeks, the students learned to analyse existing posts on the Reddit forums and to apply language use strategies, tools and resources to interact successfully with other hobby enthusiasts. Data gathered from the students’ learning reflections suggest that the aims of this innovative task were achieved. The students engaged in successful real-world communication, changed their attitudes towards the nature of English and English language learning, and learnt how to exploit existing examples to produce their own effective contributions. More than half of the students were still communicating on Reddit six months after the end of the course. Two key challenges were identified that require further research: the need for teachers to change their beliefs about the nature of language teaching, especially the importance of accuracy; and problems with how to assess students’ successful communication.
Research on Modeling and Simulation of Fuel Cell Bus Power System Based on Forward-Backward energy flow balance method
Authors: Chen Xinbo , Zhong Jian , Wei Jingzhou
Published: March 2022

The modeling and simulation research of fuel cell buses’ power system is an important part of accelerating the process of industrialization. This paper firstly analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different topologies of power systems to determine the optimal configuration, then conducts the parameter matching study of the power system, derives and determines the main vehicle dynamics parameters and the total power demand of the power system, and further completes the parameter matching of the drive motor, gear ratio and power supply, as well as the design of the fuel cell stack. On the Matlab/Simulink platform, the forward-backward energy flow balance method is used to establish a fuel cell power system model divided into power calculation modules and power shunt modules. Finally, model simulation and comparative analysis was car-ried out. The simulation results of the power system model in this paper were compared with the data of the 2010 World Expo FCB real-vehicle test. The result shows that the simulation results of the dynamic system is in good agreement with the real vehicle data. The power system model conforms to the actual situation, has feasibility and high engineering value.
After progress: Experiments in the revaluation of values
Authors: Savransky Martin , Lundy Craig
Published: March 2022

What might it take to learn to think and live after progress? The notion of ‘progress’ is arguably the defining idea of modernity: a civilisational imagery of a boundless, linear and upwards trajectory towards a future that, guided by reason and technology, will be ‘better’ than the present. It was this notion that placed techno-science at the heart of the modern political culture, and it was the global unevenness of ‘progress’ that imagined European imperialism as a civilising mission inflicted upon ‘backward’ others for their own sake. Whilst during the postcolonial era the modern idea of progress and its deleterious consequences on a global scale have deservingly been the object of fierce criticism, ‘progress’, its promises and its discontents still command global political imaginations, values and policies to this day. In the wake of its devastating social, political and ecological effects, this article argues that the imperative of progress is now one we cannot live with but do not know how to live without. Thinking of progress not as one modern value among others but as the very mode of evaluation from which modern values are derived, this article provides an introductory exploration of the question of what thinking and living after progress might mean. It also provides an overview of the many contributions that compose this monograph, as divergent experiments in the radical revaluation of our values.
Correlation analysis between fabric structure and color rendering of polyester colored spun woven fabric based on the improved relative discrimination criterion
Authors: Xiong Ying , Yuan Li , Gu Qian , Wang Danshu , Huo Da , Liu Junping
Published: March 2022

To clarify the color variation and influencing factors between colored spun yarn and its fabrics with different weave structures, a multi-dimensional spectral feature extraction model integrating distance and shape features is established in this paper. Considering the spectral reflectance of colored spun yarn and its fabric fluctuates randomly, a relative discrimination criterion based on the category separable ratio model is proposed; in addition, the principal component analysis algorithm is applied to the correlation analysis of the colored spun product’s color change. The results show that the established multi-dimensional spectral feature extraction model and relative discrimination criteria can effectively characterize the spectral features of colored spun yarns and fabrics. The difference of spectral features between the plain fabric samples and colored spun yarn samples is the largest, the twill structure is the second, and the difference of satin structure is the smallest. For colored spun fabric samples, the spectral feature fluctuation of the satin structure is the highest; the plain weave is the second, while the twill is the lowest. In addition, the increase in twist coefficient leads to a decrease in the difference of spectral features, but the color variation remains the same. Besides, there is no significant difference in spectral features between yarn and fabric samples using the principal component analysis algorithm. In the visible light range, the high-dimensional spectral features are more suitable for the characterization and analysis of the colored textiles’ color information.
When the Stakes are Low: How Key Features of Momentary Suspense Contribute to a Global Evaluation of Enjoyment
Authors: Madrigal Robert , Bee Colleen , Chen Johnny
Published: March 2022

The enjoyment of suspenseful competitions is thought to be motivated by outcome preferences and outcome uncertainty. Prior research has focused more on the former than the latter. The current research considers how outcome uncertainty predicts a global evaluation of enjoyment for competitions in which the personal stakes associated with the outcome are relatively low. Using moment-to-moment (MTM) measures of suspense, we find that competitions with more (vs. less) outcome uncertainty positively predict both total suspense and a set of key features aggregated from MTM suspense (slope, end, peak, and time-to-peak). A global evaluation of enjoyment was also predicted by these same measures. Further, enjoyment in each experiment was more highly correlated with peak suspense than it was with total suspense. Our contribution therefore is a nuanced description of how certain key features of suspenseful competitions with low-stakes outcomes influence a global evaluation of enjoyment.
The Impact of Service-Learning at an HSI on Attitudes Toward Individuals Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Crone Travis S.
Published: March 2022

Background

Service-learning is a powerful tool to promote attitudinal change; however, most findings center the experience of white, middle-class, continuing-generation students and do not reflect the shifting demographics of higher education. Little is known about the impact of service-learning at Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs) on attitudes toward others, and even less is known based on studies experimentally manipulating the presence of service-learning.

Objective

This study investigated how a service-learning project conducted at an HSI impacted changes in attitudes toward those experiencing homelessness.

Method

Sixty-three students taking Social Psychology either participated in a course with a service-learning project or one that did not. Attitudes related to those experiencing homelessness and the self were assessed over time.

Results

Students that participated in service-learning saw increased positive attitudes toward those experiencing homelessness over time compared to those that did not participate in service-learning.

Conclusion

Service-learning seems to have helped foster positive attitudes toward those experiencing homelessness for students at an HSI.

Teaching Implications

The current study hopes to encourage wider use and study of service-learning by highlighting positive impacts service-learning may have on students. Service-learning may have profound effects on students, and these effects need to be studied at a variety of institutions.
Exploring language diversity: A commentary on Kidd and Garcia (2022)
Authors: Pye Clifton
Published: March 2022

The commentary amplifies Kidd and Garcia’s call for increased attention to language diversity in research on language acquisition by noting several implications of language diversity for acquisition theory and practice. An examination of the languages discussed in six recent articles on acquisition theory echos Kidd and Garcia’s observations on the inordinate role that better-studied languages play in acquisition research. Documenting the acquisition of 7,000 languages over the coming decade requires a new infrastructure for acquisition research. Sketches of child languages offer a community-based solution to processing bottlenecks and promote the use of indigenous languages.
Introduction to the special section on susceptibility to peer influence
Authors: Laursen Brett , Prinstein Mitchell J.
Published: March 2022

This introduction outlines the goals for the special section on susceptibility to peer influence and articulates aims for the next research steps. We emphasize the difference between state and trait definitions of conformity, a distinction that helps clarify the contributions of specific research findings and delineates areas in need of greater research attention.
Automating gentrification: Landlord technologies and housing justice organizing in New York City homes
Authors: McElroy Erin , Vergerio Manon
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses on surveillance technologies that New York City landlords have been installing in low-income, public, and affordable tenant housing over the last decade. It looks at how new forms of biometric and facial recognition-based landlord technology automate gentrification and carcerality, reproducing racist systems of recognition and displacement. We offer these systems a genealogy and geography, looking at intersections of zoning, gentrification, eviction, and policing that have historically solidified to dispossess and incarcerate tenants of color. Additionally, this paper addresses how and why New York City has emerged as the world’s epicenter of “landlord tech,” mapping out several decades of urban datafication that have rendered low-income, nonwhite majority housing complexes as laboratories for surveillance experimentations today. We observe how processes of “catching” tenants for lease violations automate a longer history of racist surveillance and property-making. Yet we also highlight tenant-led resistance that has successfully thwarted facial recognition deployment and that continues to organize for landlord tech abolition today. Through affective organizing, grounded relationality, and alliance-building, tenants have created vital abolitionist space and knowledge to curb landlord technologies and the carceral logics they encode.
Planning to chronicle: Optimal policies for narrative observation of unpredictable events
Authors: Rahmani Hazhar , Shell Dylan A , O’Kane Jason M
Published: March 2022

One important class of applications entails a robot scrutinizing, monitoring, or recording the evolution of an uncertain time-extended process. This sort of situation leads to an interesting family of active perception problems that can be cast as planning problems in which the robot is limited in what it sees and must, thus, choose what to pay attention to. The distinguishing characteristic of this setting is that the robot has influence over what it captures via its sensors, but exercises no causal authority over the process evolving in the world. As such, the robot’s objective is to observe the underlying process and to produce a “chronicle” of occurrent events, subject to a goal specification of the sorts of event sequences that may be of interest. This paper examines variants of such problems in which the robot aims to collect sets of observations to meet a rich specification of their sequential structure. We study this class of problems by modeling a stochastic process via a variant of a hidden Markov model and specify the event sequences of interest as a regular language, developing a vocabulary of “mutators” that enable sophisticated requirements to be expressed. Under different suppositions on the information gleaned about the event model, we formulate and solve different planning problems. The core underlying idea is the construction of a product between the event model and a specification automaton. Using this product, we compute a policy that minimizes the expected number of steps to reach a goal state. We introduce a general algorithm for this problem as well as several more efficient algorithms for important special cases. The paper reports and compares performance metrics by drawing on some small case studies analyzed in depth via simulation. Specifically, we study the effect of the robot’s observation model on the average time required for the robot to record a desired story. We also compare our algorithm with a baseline greedy algorithm, showing that our algorithm outperforms the greedy algorithm in terms of the average time to record a desired story. In addition, experiments show that the algorithms tailored to specialized variants of the problem are rather more efficient than the general algorithm.
Role of visceral pleural invasion and tumor sizing at CT of resected NSCLC in clinical-radiological and pathological T agreement
Authors: Colombi Davide , Petrini Marcello , Rapacioli Fausto , Bodini Flavio C. , Chiesa Sara , Franco Cosimo , Citterio Chiara , Cavanna Luigi , Zangrandi Adriano , Sverzellati Nicola , Michieletti Emanuele
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To describe in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) the impact of visceral pleural invasion (VPI) and of tumor sizing assessed at computed tomography (CT) on the agreement between clinical-radiological and pathological T staging and its prognostic value.

Methods:

Patients affected by NSCLC treated by surgery in the period from January 2017 to September 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Exclusion criteria were: (1) baseline CT not performed in our hospital; (2) failure of software segmentation at CT of the primary lesion. Clinical-radiological T (cT) was assessed at baseline CT, evaluating in particular T size by semi-automatic tool and VPI (cVPI) visually. Pathological T (pT) and VPI (pVPI) were recorded by pathological report and obtained after formalin-fixation and eventual elastic stain on surgical specimen. The agreement between cT and pT was evaluated by calculating the weighted kappa by Cohen (κw); the association between progression free survival (PFS) with both cT and pT was assessed by the Cox regression analysis.

Results:

The study included 84 NSCLC in 82 patients (median age 71 years, IQR 63-76 years; females 22/82, 27%). The agreement between cT and pT was poor (κw 0.302, 95%CI 0.158-0.447). The main causes of disagreement were CT oversizing (21%) and false positive cVPI (29%). A significant association was found between PFS and pT2-T3 (HR 2.75, 95%CI 1.21-6.25, p=0.015) but not with cT2-T3 (not retained in the model).

Conclusions:

False positive cVPI and oversizing at CT are causes of disagreement between cT and pT in around one-third of resected NSCLC. PFS was significantly associated with pT but not with cT.
The effect of guanxi on organizational commitment via harming behavior: The moderated mediation role of envy
Authors: Lim Myungsuh
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediation role of harming behavior (HB) in the relationship of guanxi and organizational commitment (OC) by using a moderated mediation model. In addition, this study explores whether malicious envy (ME) can moderate the relationship of OC and guanxi when mediated by HB. Data were collected from 215 employees who had experience working in an organization in the United States. An integrated mediation and moderation model was evaluated. The findings contribute to understanding of the effects of guanxi on OC. Although guanxi relationships between supervisors and subordinates directly promote OC, the high level of ME in response to guanxi relationships among coworkers in the workplace leads to a high level of HBs, reducing OC.
Income moderates changes in big-five personality traits across eighteen years
Authors: Oh Vincent YS , Ismail Ismaharif , Tong Eddie MW
Published: March 2022

The role of income in adult personality change remains poorly understood. Using latent growth modeling, we performed exploratory analyses of how longitudinal trajectories of change in personal income and the Big Five personality traits would be related. We examined 4234 participants (2149 Males, 2085 Females; MT1age = 46.42, SDT1age = 13.36, age range at T1: 20–74 years) across three time points spanning 18 years using data from the Midlife in the United States study. Results indicated that starting levels of income moderated changes in four personality traits. Specifically, income moderated the slopes of openness to experience, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, such that for high-income individuals, openness to experience, extraversion, and agreeableness were less likely to decline and more likely to either increase or remain stable over time, while neuroticism was less likely to increase and more likely to remain stable over time. Conversely, personality traits were weaker predictors of income change as slopes of income were not moderated by starting levels of any of the personality traits. Moreover, changes in income were not correlated with changes in any of the personality traits. The findings suggest that individual differences in income could potentially explain diverging trajectories of personality change.
A review of recent advances on the properties of polypropylene - carbon nanotubes composites
Authors: Uyor Uwa O , Popoola Patricia A , Popoola Olawale M , Aigbodion Victor S
Published: March 2022

Polypropylene (PP) has a wide range of engineering applications in automobile, biomedical, energy, machine parts, electronic packaging etc. However, PP lacks some desired engineering properties such as good thermal properties and mechanical strength. For instance, PP is known for its low melting temperature, high flammability and low heat resistance. This has resulted in continuous improvement in various properties of PP via modification of its matrix. One of the ways this has been achieved is by incorporation of foreign bodies in form of reinforcements in the PP matrix. The recent discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has further paved the ways for advancing the properties of PP via the development of PP-CNTs composites. Such composites have not only shown improved engineering properties but retain the lightweight and flexibility of PP. The advanced engineering properties recorded by various studies using PP-CNTs composites are due to the good properties of PP in conjunction with the excellent properties of CNTs such as high thermal conductivity, strength, electron mobility and formation of conductivity networks in the PP matrix. Although the development of PP-CNTs composites faces challenges of high agglomeration and incompatibility of CNTs in the matrix, the moves towards addressing the hurdles and achievements recorded so far are encouraging. Therefore, this review investigated the contribution of CNTs on various advanced engineering properties of PP-CNTs composites. Various results drawn from previously published literature within the decade were tabulated for future academic references and industrial purposes. Current hurdles faced by PP-CNTs composites, future prospect and their advanced engineering applications were discussed.
Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients
Authors: Adamian Caio Manuel Caetano , de Lima Mota Matheus Alves , Martins Augusto Adler Freire , Aragão Matheus Cardoso , Carvalho Marina Santos , Meneses Gdayllon Cavalcante , Silva Júnior Geraldo Bezerra da , Leitão Terezinha do Menino Jesus Silva , De Francesco Daher Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

Background:

Histoplasmosis is the most common endemic mycosis among people living with advanced HIV infection.

Purpose:

Describe general aspects and challenges of this disease and its association with HIV.

Research Design:

Review of literature.

Study Sample:

Articles found using different combinations of terms including “disseminated histoplasmosis” and AIDS/HIV or immunosuppression in PubMed, Scopus, WHO Global health library, and Scielo database.

Analysis:

We look for information on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of histoplasmosis in AIDS patients.

Results:

Histoplasmosis is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus encountered throughout the world, mainly in soil enriched with bat and bird excreta. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is the main presentation of this mycosis in people living with advanced HIV and is fatal if left untreated. Symptoms include a systemic disease characterized by fever, weight loss, night sweats, skin manifestations, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and septic shock. Diagnostic tests include culture, visualization of H. capsulatum by direct and histopathological examination, serology, antigen, molecular, and skin testing. Patients with disseminated disease require aggressive and prolonged treatment to eradicate the pathogen and include amphotericin B and itraconazole. In many low income countries of endemic regions, histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as another opportunistic infection, due to the similarity in clinical manifestations and to the paucity of better diagnostic tests.

Conclusion:

Histoplasmosis remains a neglected disease. Few studies about the disease and expensive treatments make it difficult to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this condition. Public health services and physicians must be aware of histoplasmosis' burden among the HIV-positive population.
Illusory Feelings, Elusive Habits: People Overlook Habits in Explanations of Behavior
Authors: Mazar Asaf , Wood Wendy
Published: March 2022

Habits underlie much of human behavior. However, people may prefer agentic accounts that overlook habits in favor of inner states, such as mood. We tested this misattribution hypothesis in an online experiment of helping behavior ( N = 809 adults) as well as in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study of U.S. college students’ everyday coffee drinking ( N = 112). Both studies revealed a substantial gap between perceived and actual drivers of behavior: Habit strength outperformed or matched inner states in predicting behavior, but participants’ explanations of their behavior emphasized inner states. Participants continued to misattribute habits to inner states when incentivized for accuracy and when explaining other people’s behavior. We discuss how this misperception could adversely influence self-regulation.
A review on human intent understanding and compliance control strategies for lower limb exoskeletons
Authors: Yang Jiantao , He Yong , Shi Ping , Yu Hongliu
Published: March 2022

The exoskeleton has emerged as a promising technology to enhance humans’ strength and boost users’ efficiency. In order to provide congruent human–machine interaction for assisting the users, exoskeletons should have knowledge of human’s planned action and accordingly command the robot by the designed controller. It means the ubiquitous aspect of exoskeletons lies on motion intent understanding and active compliance control. In the last decade, extensive research has been conducted on the two topics. However, no major breakthrough has been made. Thus, a systematic review and analysis on this very subject is of great significance in developing exoskeletons. Within this context, this review first surveys the history of lower limb exoskeletons to summarize the various technologies for realizing transparent human exoskeleton coordination. Then, an overview about motion intent understanding and compliance control strategies are presented in detail. Furthermore, the future trend and research directions are also outlined.
Mapping pathways to public understanding of climate science
Authors: Canon Chelsea R. , Boyle Douglas P. , Hepworth K.J.
Published: March 2022

Climate communication is a thriving research area spanning science, social science, and humanities. The field has grown explosively in recent years, necessitating increased efforts to synthesize and make sense of the resulting profusion of studies. To support scholars navigating this quickly evolving knowledge domain, we developed a knowledge map of the climate communication research landscape by applying network analysis and data visualization techniques to the metadata from 2995 publications on climate communication. The map reveals a dense web of connections among five distinct knowledge communities, indicating a tightly knit and intensely collaborative knowledge domain, and suggests new avenues for the application of climate communication knowledge, in particular to support climate services and co-production. The climate communication knowledge map answers the call for synoptic perspectives on areas of science communication while demonstrating a novel visual approach to knowledge synthesis for science communication domains.
Farmers’ Suicides and Psychosocial Intervention
Authors: Vindhya U. , Swain Sunayana , Kapse Praful , Sule Nachiket
Published: March 2022

Farmers’ suicides in India, exemplifying the agrarian crisis, have been a contemporary cause of grave concern. The Vidarbha Psychosocial Support and Care Program (VPSCP) in western India is an example of a psychosocial intervention being implemented to address the psychological consequences of adverse circumstances triggered by the agrarian distress of farmers through a multi-pronged strategy of delivery of mental health care services to those in need dovetailed with livelihood/employment support schemes. This article, which forms part of a larger evaluation carried out on the impact and effectiveness of the VPSCP, focuses primarily on the process and functioning of the programme; its strengths and challenges through the perspectives of key stakeholders; and perceptions of psychosocial stress in the community. Although firmer linkages with the government health care programme and with employment support/welfare schemes is needed, the VPSCP can be taken as a viable template for the integration of socio-economic determinants and mental health concerns in the agrarian context in order to reduce the incidence of suicide.
Capturing GreenTech-related Commercial Activities of Listed Companies
Authors: Riehl Kevin , Kiran A. Sai , Miryala Narendra
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work is to investigate whether news flows can be used to effectively capture financial success of green commercial activities conducted by listed companies. The authors employ a large, cross-sectoral, global dataset, consisting of 97,954 articles from 10 online magazines, mentioning over 344 different firms that are part of more than 286 listed companies, covering the years 2004–2017 and over 32 countries. The notifications focus on GreenTech-related activities performed by companies. The authors conduct event studies to calculate abnormal returns and text analytics to gather (hyper-) textual features. Finally, the authors analyse the relationship between returns and features using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models. Results indicate that textual features extracted from web notifications significantly provide new market information. Thus, news flow is found to serve as a reliable measure to reflect the financial success of green activities for future research on listed companies. Features, such as multimedia elements turn out to not provide new market information, while readability and sentiment measures do. The authors extend the growing literature on GreenTech by proposing the novel combination of textual and event study analysis in order to enable research on green commercial activities conducted by listed companies.
Traditional Knowledge and Practices in Natural Resource Conservation: A Study of the Zukpiri Community Resource Management Area, Ghana
Authors: Baaweh Louis , Baddianaah Issah , Baatuuwie Bernard Nuoleyeng
Published: March 2022

Local communities have different perspectives, uses and values ascribed to the diversity of plant and animal species at their service. Yet, local knowledge of the species diversity and use values, alongside conservation decisions and practices, received inadequate scholarly discussion. This article explores how local knowledge of species diversity (flora and fauna) and use values inform decisions for conserving natural resources in the Zukpiri Community Resource Management Area (CREMA).

Using the qualitative research approach, seven focus group discussions were held with the Zukpiri CREMA Committees and supported with key informant interviews. The results showed that the CREMA hosts a great diversity of plant and animal species. Customary rules and regulations embedded in customs, traditional beliefs and practices are used in governing, protecting and conserving CREMA’s resources. Drawing on the organisational structure of the CREMA framework in Ghana, we suggest that the Forestry Commission of Ghana should intensify its collaborative role with the Community Resource Management Committees (CRMCs) to monitor illegal logging in and around the CREMA. Furthermore, traditional knowledge systems in line with conservational practices should be projected by the responsible state institutions.
Positive impact of trauma center to exsanguinating pelvic bone fracture patient survival: A Korean trauma center study
Authors: Lee Mina , Yu Byungchul , Lee Giljae , Lee Jungnam , Choi Kangkook , Park Youngeun , Gwak Jihun , Jang Myung Jin
Published: March 2022

Background:

Trauma center and multidisciplinary management protocols have been proven to improve the outcomes of severely injured patients. Hemorrhage from pelvic injury is associated with high mortality and is a common cause of preventable trauma death. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the establishment of a trauma center and management protocols on the outcomes of hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic fractures.

Methods:

Hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic fractures were reviewed retrospectively over a 10-year period. They were grouped into the pre-phase and post-phase, which were defined as before and after the establishment of a trauma center and protocols, respectively. Basic characteristics and outcomes were compared between periods.

Results:

This study enrolled a total of 106 patients. Basic and physiological characteristics were not significantly different in both phases. Pre-peritoneal packing and resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of aorta were only performed in the post-phase (pre-peritoneal packing, N = 27; resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of aorta, N = 10). In the post-phase, the time from emergency department arrival to hemostatic intervention was significantly shorter (269 ± 132.4 min vs 147.2 ± 95.5 min, p < 0.0001), and mortality due to acute hemorrhage was significantly lower (p = 0.003; absolute risk reduction: 0.22; relative risk reduction: 0.72). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age, injury severity score, and the pre-phase as independent risk factors for mortality.

Conclusion:

The establishment of a trauma center and multidisciplinary management protocols, such as pre-peritoneal packing and resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of aorta, improved the outcomes of hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic fractures.
Tracheal Bronchus With Difficult Lung Isolation: A Case Report
Authors: Friedlander Daniel A. , Panigrahi Rabi , Palaniappan Dhamodaran
Published: March 2022

Tracheal bronchus (TB) occurs in 0.1–3% of the population as an accessory bronchus that originates in the trachea, typically supplying the right upper lobe. The presence of a TB can pose unique airway challenges, particularly during procedures that require lung isolation. Here, we describe a case of TB with difficult lung isolation. Careful examination with fiberoptic bronchoscopy permitted double lumen tube positioning without obstruction of the TB. A second case is presented where the presence of TB did not affect anesthetic management. Implications of TB for airway management and strategies for successful one-lung ventilation are discussed.
KEDOP: Keratoconus early detection of progression using tomography images
Authors: Reddy Jagadesh C , Bhamidipati Panini , Dwivedi Shivam , Dhara Krishna Kishore , Joshi Vineet , Hasnat Ali Mohammad. , Vaddavalli Pravin K
Published: March 2022

Purpose

To investigate a method to identification of early progression of keratoconus using deep learning neural networks.

Methods

Retrospective evaluation of medical records of patients with progressive keratoconus and had more than one followup visits. Images extracted from the single scheimplug analyzer for analysis were captured during the patient visits. The baseline progression of keratoconus is detected by a change in flat or steep K of ≥1.0D which is labeled as keratometric progression (KP) and progression detected by image based deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) models, is labeled as latent progression (LP). Patient data consisted of model data (385 eyes of 351patients) to train and test the learning models and prediction data (1331 eyes of 828 patients) to determine the LP based on the learning models.

Results

The LP prediction model was able to identify progression at a mean of 11.1 months earlier than KP (p < 0.001). LP prediction model was able to identify progression earlier than KP irrespective of age category, gender, the severity of keratoconus, presenting visual acuity, astigmatism, and spherical equivalent (P < 0.001). When compared to the first visit the corrected distance visual acuity was more stable in 71% of the eyes at LP prediction visit compared to 50% at KP visit (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Through this study, we propose a possible solution to address the shortcomings noted in the current approaches of detecting progression relying only on KP. Avoiding bias towards feature selection from tomography images as done in the current study aids in identifying very subtle changes on the images between visits.
On the Discrepancy of Descriptive Facts and Normative Values in Perceptions of Occupational Prestige
Authors: Ulfsdotter Eriksson Ylva , Nordlander Erica
Published: March 2022

Previous research has argued that occupational prestige is a social fact founded in the collective conscience and prestige perceptions morally grounded. Ideas of strong consensus in perceptions rest on comparisons of compressed mean values, and the similarity between what prestige an occupation has and what it ought to have has not previously been empirically explored. Drawing on survey data and a discrepancy index, the present study explores the resemblance between descriptive facts and normative values in perceptions of occupational prestige and consensus and discrepancies in prestige perceptions. The analysis showed discrepancies in descriptive and normative prestige perceptions for welfare and cultural occupations. The differences in perceptions can be explained by sex, beliefs about what factors give prestige to an occupation, and the prestige of one’s occupation.
Newly minted: Non-fungible tokens and the commodification of fandom
Authors: Zaucha Trevor , Agur Colin
Published: March 2022

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) exist today as a component of a broader, ever-evolving financial environment in which questions of value, ownership, and intention are characterized by their ambiguity. This article considers Dapper Labs “NBA Top Shot,” a blockchain-backed website inviting NBA fans to join in “a new era in fandom” wherein they may acquire NFTs of NBA highlights by opening “packs,” which are functionally similar to trading cards. NFTs reflect the pressures of market forces, as well as increased cultural and economic emphasis on marketization, financialization, commodification, and the ubiquity of gambling-like designs and interactions. Furthermore, this study explores tensions present in differing intentions for the NBA Top Shot platform and Discord server, the diffuse nature of user conversations (a nature that disregards topical boundaries), and audience attention toward marketization and investment interests. The commodification of the NBA fan experience illustrates a shared social pressure to more readily think of one’s life, interactions, and consumptive behaviors through the lens of the investor, fostering financial attitudes that normalize instability and encourage risk-taking beyond the scope of a platform where purchase-dependent interactions serve as a source of joy and social experience in a venue representing a perceived electronic gold rush.
The memory of earth and land dispossession in Urabá
Authors: Pedraza Oscar , Meszaros Martin Hannah
Published: March 2022

In this article, the authors discuss their work in Coquitos from 2019–2021 with the Colombian Truth Commission and Forensic Architecture. They consider conflicts around land tenure, violent land dispossessions and land grabbing as the sedimented articulation of multiple environmental, legal, economic, and violent processes that are drawn out over decades. Their mode of analysis is based on a visual methodology using ‘situated testimony’ of ‘earthly memory’ that reflects the need to combine modes of seeing and understanding earth systems through the historicity of such slow violence. This focus on earthly memory allows for an approach to violence that resists the commodification of the environment and its reduction to an inert object, or a mere prize of war (what is often reduced to a ‘conflict over resources’). Rather, by focusing these situated testimonies on the theme of earthly memory, the authors pursue an analysis that underscores the environment as an active agent in the conflicts and forms of violence that are at the heart of land dispossession. The environment should be understood, they argue, as both a mode and medium through which violence is conducted, rather than a passive victim on which violence is executed. This is how they arrive at a method of situated testimony that could be employed as a way of addressing the role of earthly memory in the long history of the Colombian war.
Examining the Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Virtually Delivered Trauma-Focused Domestic Violence and Sexual Violence Interventions: A Rapid Evidence Assessment
Authors: Ghidei Winta , Montesanti Stephanie , Tomkow Karlee , Silverstone Peter H. , Wells Lana , Campbell Sandra
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a rapid shift to virtual delivery of treatment and care to individuals affected by domestic violence and sexual violence. A rapid evidence assessment (REA) was undertaken to examine the effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of trauma-focused virtual interventions for persons affected by domestic violence and sexual violence. The findings from this review will provide guidance for service providers and organizational leaders with the implementation of virtual domestic violence and sexual violence-focused interventions. The REA included comprehensive search strategies and systematic screening of and relevant articles. Papers were included into this review (1) if they included trauma-focused interventions; (2) if the intervention was delivered virtually; and (3) if the article was published in the English-language. Twenty-one papers met inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Findings from the rapid review demonstrate that virtual interventions that incorporate trauma-focused treatment are scarce. Online interventions that incorporate trauma-focused treatment for this at-risk group are limited in scope, and effectiveness data are preliminary in nature. Additionally, there is limited evidence of acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of virtual interventions for ethnically, culturally, and linguistically diverse populations experiencing domestic violence and sexual violence. Accessing virtual interventions was also highlighted as a barrier to among participants in studies included in the review. Despite the potential of virtual interventions to respond to the needs of individuals affected by domestic violence and/or sexual violence, the acceptability and effectiveness of virtual trauma-focused care for a diverse range of populations at risk of violence are significantly understudied.
Four m6A RNA Methylation Gene Signatures and Their Prognostic Values in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Yuzhu , Zhao Xu , Li Jing , Wang Xuan , Hu WeiBin , Zhang Xiaozhi
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Evidence demonstrates that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an increasingly important role in the development of tumors. The aim of this study is to explore the expression of m6A-related regulators in lung adenocarcinoma, identify the effect of altered key factors modified by m6A on the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: A comprehensive analysis of m6A-related gene expressions in patients with lung adenocarcinoma based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and the CBioPortal database. A prognostic risk score was established based on a linear combination of 4 key gene expression levels using the regression coefficients of the multivariate Cox regression models. Immunohistochemical staining analysis was performed to validate the relationship between the protein expression level of m6A regulators and the prognosis of patients retrospectively. The possible mechanism and prospective therapeutic targets of these key m6A molecules were explored by the M6A2Target database and the CMAP database. Results: Mutation pattern analysis revealed that 32% of 656 patients had genetic alterations. Four genes (writer: methyltransferase like 3 [METTL3] and three readers: insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 [IGF2BP2], heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C [HNRNPC], and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 [HNRNPA2B1]) were selected to construct a survival risk prediction model and the results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of these four m6A genes was significantly different between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal lung tissues ( p < .01). The possible downstream genes and prospective therapeutic targets of these four m6A key molecules were discovered. Conclusion: These four m6A RNA methylation regulators may be effective prognostic and diagnostic factors which can provide auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Training Cardiothoracic Residents in Robotic Lobectomy Is Cost-Effective With No Change in Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Nawalaniec James T. , Elson Matthew , Reznik Scott I. , Wait Michael A. , Peltz Matthias , Jessen Michael E. , Madrigales Alejandra , Lysikowski Jerzy , Kernstine Kemp H.
Published: March 2022

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate for any changes in quality or cost when robotic lung resection is used with significant trainee participation. Methods: All anatomic lung resections between January 2006 and June 2016 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Clinical data were recorded by double entry. Cost and cancer-related data were gathered from the business analytics department and tumor registry. Robotic outcomes were compared to an ongoing thoracotomy and video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) experience. Propensity scores using age, sex, and comorbidities were assigned for statistical analysis. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Of 523 consecutive cases, 483 were included (211 robotic, 210 thoracotomy, 62 VATS). There were 74 robotic cases (35%) performed by trainees as the console surgeon. Length of stay was shortest for robotics (3 days) compared to thoracotomy (7 days, P < 0.001) and VATS (5 days, P = 0.010). Complications occurred in 33% of robotic cases, 42% of VATS cases ( P = 0.854), and 52% of thoracotomy cases ( P < 0.001). Stage I non‐small cell lung cancer 3-year overall survival for robotics, thoracotomy, and VATS was 79.5%, 74.3%, and 74.0%, respectively ( P > 0.25). There was no significant difference in negative margin rates. Total cost related to the hospitalization for surgery was $5,721 less for robotics compared to thoracotomy ( P = 0.003) but comparable to VATS. Trainees served as console surgeon in 0% of cases in the first 2 years of robotics but increased to 79% in the last year of the study. Conclusions: Robotic lung resection can be safely performed and taught in an academic medical center without sacrificing quality or cost.
Analysis of tactical behavior in full- and small-sided games: Comparing professional and youth academy athletes to enhance player development in soccer
Authors: Teoldo da Costa Israel , de Freitas Silvino Marcos Paulo
Published: March 2022

The present study aims to compare the tactical behavior of youth academy and professional players, in order to ascertain the contribution of full- and small-sided games for the development process. One hundred and eighty individuals were selected from three age groups (U-8, U-10 and U-12). A competition was held in which all teams faced each other once in each format (Full- and Small-Sided Games). In addition, 9 matches of the 2018 Brazilian Championship were analyzed. The paired t tests, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests was performed to the comparison between the tactical behavior of youth academy players in each game format with the professional players (p < 0.05). Youth academy matches generated more and shorter offensive sequences, interactions were less frequent and less variable, and players cooperated less with one another. In the small-sided game, specifically, there was a demand for ball circulation in terms of velocity and amplitude similar to that of professional matches. Elements were found that support the need to use small-sided games in training, as it provides similar stimuli to what players will find in the professional category in the future. The speed and width of ball circulation, a large number of shots on goal, and the constant exchanges of ball possession - which helps in the development of cooperative and oppositional relationships between the phases and moments of the game - are enough elements to sustain that the game settings discussed here are beneficial for player development.