bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explorative in vitro evaluation of the inhibitory effect of Vitellaria paradoxa seed oil extract on Staphylococcal conjunctivitis
Authors: Chigozie John Ekenze  , Samuel Monday Utin  , Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko  , Oyinyechi Lilian Umunnakwe  , Lilian Chioma Owunna  , Nkiruka Philomena Okoye  , Mamzhi Seljul Crown Ramyil
Published: January 2022

More exploration on medicinal plants and other natural products in the present era of increase in poverty level and multi-drug resistance has become crucial. The aim of this study is to explore the inhibitory activities of Vitellaria paradoxa seed oil extract on isolated staphylococcal conjunctivitis. Cultured sample of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a patient’s eye discharge in the Teaching Hospital Laboratory of the Imo State University, Nigeria having been diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis at the eye Clinic. After the incubation period, the diameter of zones of inhibition both horizontal and vertical were measured. Concentrations (100, 50 and 25mg/ml) of the ethanolic seed oil extract of V. paradoxa were assayed for the antibacterial activity - Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using the agar well diffusion method. Ethanolic seed oil extract of V. paradoxa at concentration of 100mg /ml exhibited the highest zone of inhibition at 37.4mm for 24hrs followed by 50mg /ml and lowest using 25mg/ml (5.0mm) indicating a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on Staphylococcal conjunctivitis. S. aureus isolated from conjunctivitis swab was susceptible to ethanolic seed oil extract of V. paradoxa at 100mg/ml, 50mg/ml and 25mg/ml concentrations, suggesting ethanolic extract of V. paradoxa oil as possessing antimicrobial property. Further exploration for its use as an ocular anti-bacterial agent is recommended.
Chinese music therapy to treat depression in children and adolescents: The BARIT-Model
Authors: Wolfgang Mastnak
Published: January 2022

Depression is broadly considered a global epidemic. In China it ranks among the most prevalent mental disorders and is seriously affecting the younger generation (prevalence between 4% and 41%), hence the necessity to foster health education and sustainable resilience. Meta-synthetic construction resulted in a music-based model of educational therapy comprising five principles, beauty, activation, responsiveness, immersion and transformation, hence the name ‘BARIT-model’: (i) referring to anthropological, psychological and neuroscientific aesthetics, the approach benefits from the healing power of aesthetic experience, (ii) behavioural activation is widely regarded as an efficient approach to treat depression. Different from conventional cognitive behavioural therapy, the BARIT-model involves artistic activities such as music improvisation, sound scene improvisation, vocal experiments or creative variations of Chinese martial arts, (iii) responsiveness concerns the qualitative similarity of emotion and music, alongside the patients’ feeling of being ‘understood’ by what they are listening to, (iv) while depressive mood tends to occupy the whole person, music immersion can help to escape that ‘pathological cage’, (v) finally, traumatic roots of depression need therapeutic processing, such as artistic symbolisation, intermodal transformation and relabelling of traumata as potential source of creative performance. The BARIT-model is part of a comprehensive project to improve mental health in Chinese children and adolescents through arts-based methods for classroom education, which encompasses ‒ in addition to depression ‒ attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, oppositional defiant disorders, anxiety disorders, stress-related disorders and burnout syndromes, eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or binge eating, as well as disorders related to the COVID-19 pandemic, e.g. developmental syndromes caused by lockdown and social distancing.
Structural and optical property studies on Fe doped CuO nanoparticles
Authors: Kumara Dhas M  , Vijayaraj K
Published: January 2022

The Cupric oxide (CuO) nanostructures and Fe doped CuO nanomaterials are synthesized by microwave irradiation method. The effect of Fe doping on the crystal structure, band gap and optical properties of synthesized samples were characterized by using x-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, photoluminescence spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. X-ray diffraction study confirms the size of the particle in nanometer. The optical band gap calculated from UV–Vis absorption spectrum, reveals the change in band gap energy due to the presence of dopants. The photoluminescence spectrum suggests that Fe doped CuO nanoparticles may be used in optoelectronic devices. The functional group analysis carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the substitution of Fe in the samples.
Interactions between RAP and virgin asphalt binders in field, plant, and lab mixes
Authors: Eslam Deef-Allah  , Magdy Abdelrahman
Published: January 2022

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been used in asphalt mixes for several years in the United States. However, the interactions between the RAP binder and the virgin asphalt binder (VAB) need further investigations. Thus, the main objective of this study was to explore the rheological and chemical properties of extracted asphalt binders (EABs) from plant, field, and lab mixes. The plant mixes were collected from behind the paver, reheated to the compaction temperature, and compacted in the lab. The field mixes were collected as cores within two weeks after the end of the construction process. The lab mixes were fabricated in the lab using the same materials used in the plant and field mixes. The mixes contained high asphalt binder replacement percentages by RAP, which were greater than 30%. The EABs were treated as rolling thin film oven aged VABs (RTFO AVABs). The rheological properties of EABs and RTFO AVABs were analyzed using temperature sweep, frequency sweep, and multiple stress creep recovery tests. Chemical investigations of EABs and RTFO AVABs were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The EABs from plant or lab mixes showed higher stiffnesses than EABs from field mixes. This occurred because of the extra heating that was implemented for the plant mixes before the compaction in the lab, which caused more interactions between the RAP binder and VABs. The fabrication mechanism, mixing and short-term aging processes, used in lab mixes caused more interactions between RAP binder and VABs than in the field mixes.
A rare anatomical variation in foramen of Vesalius: A useful guide for maxillofacial surgeons
Authors: G. Priya
Published: January 2022

Background: Foramen of vesalius is an inconstant foramen that gives passage to an emissary vein that connects pterygoid venous plexus with cavernous sinus. It lies in the anteromedial side of the foramen ovale. Foramen ovale allows the passage for the mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve, the main site for the trigeminal rhizotomy. The presence and description of anatomical variations about the foramen of Vesalius is important during the surgical procedure on the trigeminal nerve which may injure the emissary vein in the foramen leading to intracranial bleeding. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to report the presence and to enlighten the anatomical variations of foramen vesalius which may serve as a guideline for surgeons. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 dry adult human skulls collected from the department of anatomy at Panimalar medical college hospital & research institute Chennai. The skulls were viewed both extracranially and intracranially to identify the presence of foramen of vesalius. The presence and variation of the foramen was noted and discussed. Result: A total of about 200 sides of 100 skulls were studied. Among them 20% of the skull showed presence of foramen of Vesalius bilaterally, 25% unilaterally and one particular skull showed doubled opening on the left side with the presence of a bony septum. This is a rare variation which was less documented in the literature. Conclusion: The knowledge of variations in foramen of Vesalius may help the surgeons for safer planning and execution of the trigeminal rhizotomy technique.
PEMANFAATAN VIDEO PANDUAN SENAM HAMIL DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PELAKSANAAN SENAM IBU HAMIL
Authors: Fatmawati Ery , Istiqomah Atik Nur
Published: January 2022

Latar Belakang: senam hamil mempunyai manfaat dalam persiapan dan melatih otot sehingga membantu dalam persalinan normal. Manfaat senam hamil akan dirasakan ibu hamil selama dilaksanakan secara rutin. Rendahnya partisipasi ibu hamil mengikuti kelas senam hamil belum berbanding lurus dengan manfaat senam hamil. Video panduan senam hamil merupakan media yang dapat dilihat dan didengar sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai panduan melakukan senam hamil secara mandiri maupun berkelompok. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui sejauhmana manfaat video panduan senam hamil dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pelaksanaan senam hamil secara rutin baik secara mandiri maupun bergabung dalam kelas senam  hamil. Metode Penelitian: menggunakan quasi eksperiment, desain pre post test only desain pada ibu hamil di Klinik Gemilang, pengambilan sampel dengan  metode purposive sampling, sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 ibu hamil, data dianalisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: peningkatan pengetahuan dan pelaksanaan senam hamil setelah diberi video panduan senam hamil pada kelompok ibu yang tidak mengikuti  kegiatan senam hamil dengan nilai p-value 0,000 serta pada kelompok ibu yang mengikuti kelas senam hamil dengan p-value 0,000. Kesimpulan: media video panduan senam hamil bermanfaat dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan maupun pelaksanaan senam hamil.
Pengajaran 3 Bahasa (Inggris-Arab-Jepang) Di Madrasah Informal Kelurahan Cipadung Kecamatan Cibiru
Authors: Kadir Puspa Mirani , Herawati Isye , Rukhyana Budi
Published: January 2022

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan proses pengetahuan dan teknologi pengayaan sumber belajar. Kegiatan KKN berlangsung dari tanggal 15 Desember 2020 sampai 15 Februari  2021. Lokasi KKN bertempat di Masjid Al-Huda Cipadung, Kecamatan Cibiru, Kota Bandung. Di masjid tersebut terdapat kegiatan pelatihan tiga bahasa, yaitu Bahasa Arab, Bahasa Inggris, dan Bahasa Jepang. Selain itu, terdapat sebuah perpustakaan yang dibangun untuk menumbuhkan minat baca terhadap anak-anak di lingkungan setempat. Para orang tua di lingkungan ini memiliki peran besar dalam membentuk lingkungan tempat tinggal yang nyaman dan ramah anak dengan adanya kegiatan di Majelis Ta’lim, Juma’at Berkah, dan lain sebagainya. Melalui hal tersebut tradisi gotong royong masyarakat Indonesia dapat dipertahankan dengan baik. Para orang tua juga membimbing anak-anak usia sekolah untuk rajin mengikuti pengajaran tiga bahasa yang dilaksanakan di Masjid Al-Huda untuk bekal bagi anak-anak di masa depan. Untuk menjawab bagaimana keberlangsungkan pengajaran dan sebagai bahan evaluasi, telah dikeluarkan  kuesioner yang diisi oleh orangtua siswa. Angket ini berisi pertanyaan terhadap orangtua  santri generasi alpha dalam pengajaran tiga bahasa untuk mengetahui sejauh mana komunikasi yang terjalin antara ibu dan anak terhadap pembelajaran ini.
Optimalisasi Video Edukasi: Upaya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat Dalam Mematuhi Protokol Kesehatan Di Era New Normal
Authors: Komarudin Komarudin , Puspita Laila
Published: January 2022

Early in 2020, we are welcomed by the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak. The lack of public awareness to always comply with health protocols is one of the triggers of the increasing number of Covid-19 spread in Indonesia. The lack of parental awareness of the importance of disciplining their children to always comply with health protocol regulations, such as not wearing a mask, not keeping distance, and awareness to wash their hands is one of the causes of the spread of covid-19. Therefore, efforts are needed to raise awareness of parents and children to comply with health protocols in the midst of the covid-19 outbreak through educational videos. This service is carried out by conducting socialization accompanied by the creation of children's educational videos about covid-19 and how health protocols should be carried out. This service was done to the villagers of Bagelen as many as 40 parents and their children. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire of awareness of the master / child to the dangers of covid-19.
PEMERIKSAAN LAJU ENDAP DARAH (LED) PADA IBU HAMIL DI RUMAH SAKIT ANNISA PEKANBARU
Authors: Hotmauli  , Fitri Imelda , Sepriani Harni , Iballa Brilian Dini M.A.
Published: January 2022

Kehamilan adalah keadaan dimana perempuan memiliki janin didalam tubuhnya yang sedang berkembang didalam rahim. Kondisi calon ibu pada masa awal kehamilan akan mempengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan kehamilan, sehingga disarankan agar calon ibu menjaga prilaku hidup sehat. Ibu hamil sangat rentan mengalami anemia, hal itu disebabkan oleh meningkatnya kebutuhan tubuh ibu akan zat besi, seiring dengan bertambahnya usia kehamilan. Anemia dalam kehamilan merupakan masalah kesehatan yang utama di negara berkembang dengan tingkat morbiditas tinggi pada ibu hamil. Laju Endap Darah (LED) merupakan salah satu pemeriksaan darah lengkap yang dilakukan dalam pemeriksaan ibu hamil. LED juga merupakan salah satu tes hematologi atau pemeriksaan darah untuk mengukur berapa lama waktu sel mengendap. Peningkatan nilai LED menandakan adanya infeksi, penyakit peradangan atau autoimun, dan demam rematik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemeriksaan nilai Laju Endap Darah pada ibu hamil dirumah Sakit Annisa Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian bahwa dari 33 responden ibu hamil di Rumah Sakit Annisa Pekanbaru memiliki nilai LED 10 – 50 mm/jam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil dengan nilai LED normal sebanyak 7 responden dengan rerata 9,43 mm/jam dan LED pada ibu hamil tidak normal sebanyak 26 responden dengan rerata 38,19 mm/jam.
THE INFLUENCE OF LEMON (Citrus Limon (L.)) IRON ION (Fe) REMOVAL ON STAINLESS STEEL ORTHODONTIC WIRE
Authors: Chairunnisa Chiquiteta Mariska , Putranto R Rama , Niam Moh Husnun
Published: January 2022

Background: Lemons consist of 5-8% citric acid, have a pH of around 2.74. Drinks that have a critical pH of 5.5 can be said to be acidic drinks. Acidic drinks have the potential to cause corrosion of teeth and dental materials, one of which is stainless steel orthodontic wire. Stainless steel orthodontic wire is easily corroded, the wire has a composition of 71% Iron (Fe), 18% Chromium (Cr), 8% Nickel (Ni), and 0.2% Carbon (C). Corrosion is caused by the presence of inorganic components that act as electrolyte media that can trigger electrochemical reactions.Method: Each sample was placed on each uninsulated petridish and labeled as a marker. This is done by inserting orthodontic wire which is immersed into the incubator for 3.5 hours at 37â„ƒ. Then the sample is taken and the separation between the sample and the solution is carried out. After that, the measurement of Iron (Fe) ions was carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotomery tool.Result: The results showed the average release of Iron (Fe) ions in the experimental group of lemon juice with a concentration of 25% was 0.067mg/L, a concentration of 50% was 0.090mg/L and a concentration of 100% was 0.135mg/L. The test results obtained using the One Way Anova test showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the release of Iron (Fe) ions in stainless steel orthodontic wires between experimental groups, and there was no effect of soaking lemon juice (Citrus Limon (L.)) on the release of Iron (Fe) ions in stainless steel orthodontic wires.
“Slow practicing”: i progetti di Huang Yinwu nella storica città di Shaxi tra inclusione sociale e cultura materiale
Authors: Bruno Edoardo , Xu HaoHao
Published: January 2022

The Shaxi Rehabilitation Project is a comprehensive conservation project in a remote rural area of the Yunnan Province, China. A once important stopover in the mountain area on the ancient Tea and Horse Caravan Trail, Shaxi still has plenty of built heritage. The architect Huang Yinwu, who studied at the Southeast University of Nanjing, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH) and at the Hong Kong University, worked as a leading project architect in Shaxi for more than 17 years, from 2003. The main topics raised by the case study deal with the local characters and topographical identity in the natural environment, the traditional craftsmanship and the intervention of modern constructions, the design, expressed by identifying and enhancing the value of Shaxi’s cultural heritage and the conservation of cultural legacies into the framework of social and economic development. Shaxi has a strong construction tradition, but it is also very fragile. Unlike the urban area, the traditional rural construction type is a system of experience gradually broadened after ongoing trials and mistakes. This is the reason why it is challenging to have new creations and developments; the same goes for new materials and technologies. For architects like Huang Yinwu, it is necessary to transform the empirical system into a theoretical one, and then provide a reliable construction model that is suitable for local conditions and technologies. In another sense, the key is working with and training local artisans so that they may understand new materials and structures and develop their skills.
Language Game as Way of Realization of Precedent Phenomenon in Regional Communicative Media Space
Authors: Pystina Olga Vladimirovna
Published: January 2022

The paper aims to identify the peculiarities of game transformations of precedent phenomena in the Komi Republic communicative media space, in particular, in the comments of journalistic publications, bloggers’ relevant posts and other Internet texts. The scientific originality of the research consists in the complex analysis of the language game phenomenon in informal Internet communication by the material of the regional mass media. As a result, it has been proved that discursive features of the Internet communication influence the specificity of the precedent phenomena transformation which is connected with the tendency to reduce the status of precedent phenomenon as a cultural fact and therefore highlight the attitude toward reality.
Some Lexical Patterns of Stress Shift to a Preposition in Prepositional Phrases “Preposition + Noun”
Authors: Altayskaya Ekaterina Mikhaylovna
Published: January 2022

The paper addresses lexical factors of stress shift from nouns to prepositions in the modern Russian literary language. The purpose of the study is to determine the conditions that promote or hinder accentuation of functional lexemes in live spoken speech. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author for the first time conducts a comprehensive sociolinguistic study on accentuation of prepositional phrases “preposition + noun” and compares codified and usual norms of accentuation of these phrases. As a result of the research, the linguistic and sociolinguistic factors that affect stress shift have been determined and described in detail and trends in the development of the considered norms have been identified.
Ways of Modality Expression in Middle English and Early Modern English (by the Material of John Wycliffe’s Bible and the King James Bible)
Authors: Kireyev Roman , Abdulmanova Adelia Khamitovna
Published: January 2022

The study aims to describe ways of modality expression by peripheral modal verbs in John Wycliffe’s Bible and the King James Bible. The paper describes modality types, identifies ways of modality expression in Middle English and Early Modern English, defines the notion of peripheral modal verbs, as well as characterises the ways in which they express modality in the diachronic aspect. The work is novel in that it is the first to characterise linguistic means and ways of conveying modal meanings by peripheral modal verbs, using the language of the Bible, which makes it possible to trace language variability in a relatively unchanged text. As a result, it has been proved that Early Modern English peripheral modal verbs correspond to the modal verb “schal” or a verb in the subjunctive mood with certain shifts in meaning in Middle English.
Analisis program sanitasi total berbasis masyarakat (STBM) pilar cuci tangan pakai sabun pada anak SD
Authors: Matondang Imran
Published: January 2022

Background: The problem of washing hands with soap in elementary school students is still high. Elementary schools in Kuala Pesisir Subdistrict, Nagan Raya Regency have not implemented hand washing with soap according to the 6-step principle. Efforts made by the Health Office to make this program successful are by increasing student compliance in hand washing activities through socialization and direct practice.Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the success of the pilar community-based total sanitation program for washing hands with soap at elementary school levels class V and VI in Kuala Pesisir District, Nagan Raya Regency.Method: Design This research is a cross sectional study. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a sample size of 240 students consisting of grades V and VI. Statistical analysis using Chi-square test and Binary Logistics Regression.Results: The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p=0.002), attitude (p=0.007), behavior p=(0.000), hand washing facilities (p=0.000), teacher support (p=0.036), and availability of water (p=0.036). p=0.000) with a total community-based sanitation program pillar washing hands with soap. Based on multivariate analysis, the dominant variables associated with the pillars of hand washing with soap are behavior (OR=0.207; 95%CI: 0.082-0.524), water availability (OR=0.173; 95%CI: 0.050-0.595) and facilities. wash hands (OR=0.153; 95%CI: 0.047-0.501).Conclusion: It was concluded that positive student behavior 0.207 times was associated with the success of the hand washing program with soap compared to negative student behavior.
Implementasi Health Belief Model terhadap pelaksanaan vaksinasi untuk penanggulangan pandemi Corona Virus Diseases-19 (Covid-19) pada tenaga kesehatan Kabupaten Nagan Raya
Authors: Hardiansyah Hardiansyah , Hakim Lukman , Bangun Henny Arwina
Published: January 2022

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic. Interventions are needed not only in terms of implementing health protocols but also other effective interventions to decrease the transmission of disease through vaccination efforts which are aimed at reducing transmission/transmission of COVID-19, reducing morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19, and achieving group immunity in the community society (herd immunity).Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the implementation of a health belief model for the implementation of vaccination in the context of overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic in health workers within the Nagan Raya District Health Office.Method: The type of research used a descriptive-analytic approach with a cross-sectional study design with a total sampling method of sampling. The sample in this study was 76 health workers from a population of 76 health workers at the Nagan Raya District Health Office. This study was conducted from March to September 2021. Data analysis used Chi-Square statistical test and Binary Logistic Regression with a significance level of 95%.Results: The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between perceived susceptibility (p = 0.041), perceived benefits (p = 0.047), and cues to action (p = 0.037) with the implementation of vaccination in the context of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic for health workers. There is no relationship between perceived severity (p = 1,000) and perceived barriers (p = 0,280) with the implementation of vaccination in the context of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in health workers.Conclusion: The dimension of the health belief model that is highly dominant related to the implementation of vaccination in the context of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in health workers is the perceived susceptibility variable with a value of p= 0.041 and Exp (B) = 5.376.
Assessment of Drivers and Deterrents of Development of High-Speed Passenger Railway Transportation
Authors: Zheleznov M. M. , Karasev O. I. , Rakov D. A. , Shitov E. A.
Published: January 2022

Reduction in travel time is one of the eloquent trends in transport developments. It is consistent with the desire of leading transport companies to create conditions to increase traffic speeds.

The objective of the article is to analyse prospects and drivers for development of high-speed rail transportation as of a priority transport segment characterised by best safety rates and environmental friendliness as compared to other types of transportation.

The review of core parameters of HSR is suggested to show features of its global development.

Ecological friendliness, encouragement of labour and other mobility of people, of innovative technology development of railways and interconnected industries are most relevant as universal drivers of HSR development.

Constraints due to substantial investment needs, long payback period, necessity to implement additional side projects to develop interrelated transport infrastructure to obtain more tangible economic and social effects, to provide for sufficient passenger flow at the initial or further stages of HSR operation were considered as main deterrents.

The factors, their parameters, assessment of their priority ranking when making decisions on construction or development of HSR are determined in each country by transport development strategies, current economic conditions, and a set of other factors.
Russian Metropolitan Railway Stations as Historical Architectural Masterpieces
Authors: Levin D. Yu.
Published: January 2022

According to the author of the article, the appearance of the first railway stations immediately became the most striking image of the time. The history of the architecture of Russian railway stations begins at the same time when the first railway in Russia was built connecting St. Petersburg to Pavlovsk. Previously existing post stations and the so-called road imperial palaces served prototypes for railway stations.

The railway station is, first, a story in which both the most interesting architectural and social plots collide. The railway station offers passengers the most vivid images of our time. The architects who designed the first railway stations had to solve problems that no one had ever encountered before: to cover train sheds by a roof, to design platforms, lighting, ventilation, acoustics... All this made the railway station the most technically enriched architectural genre of its time. And in this sense, the railway station architecture is a very interesting plot, in which everything changes very quickly and where all human relations are very aggravated. Therefore, the railway station is a condensed replica of society. Therefore, at the railway station, you can always very clearly see how society is organised. For example, at imperial railway stations, division of passengers per travel classes was obvious and inherent in the architectural program itself. The imperial pavilions, the imperial rooms also make part of the story... The railway station is, first, an image of modernity, mobility and a history of boundaries between the country and the city. This is especially interesting in the case of metropolitan railway stations.
Report of O. A. Struve, Candidate for the Chairmanship of VIII Department. Part 1
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2022

News from the archives.

 An article in Rail Business [Zheleznodorozhnoe Delo] introduced 110 years ago to the readers the report of O. A. Struve, presented at the Solemn General Meeting of the members of the Imperial Russian Technical Society on April 15, 1911 on the occasion of the seventy-fifth anniversary of the beginning of railways in Russia, chaired by the Honorary Chairman of the Society His Imperial Highness Grand Prince Alexander Mikhailovich.

The publication of the report will be continued in the next issue.
On the Principles of Design of Transport Nodes
Authors: Kozlov P. A. , Vakulenko S. P. , Kozlova V. P. , Evreenova N. Yu.
Published: January 2022

The methodology developed by the authors refers to designing, calculating, and optimising transport nodes based on the original systemic approach as a main method. The use of the methodology will make it possible to design transport nodes more rationally and to evaluate their development projects more correctly.

A «system» is understood as a general natural form of structuring organised substance, which enables it to function stably in a changeable environment. The basic principles are formulated as follows: the system consists of elements, each of which is also a system; active self-maintenance is developed in the system, that is, active actions are counteracting external adverse influences; it is shown that self-maintenance is provided by adaptability, and in transport systems the self-maintenance is particularly provided by adaptive technology.

A contradiction (a dialectical one) arises: on the one hand, the elements are independent systems that have their own system parameters and mechanisms for their active maintenance, and on the other hand, they are subordinate creatures capable of flexibly changing their work to maintain the parameters of the supersystem. It is necessary to find harmony between the levels of development of these opposite properties. Transport nodes are also considered from these systemic positions. Exposition of several definitions of nodes by leading national scientists is followed by a statement showing that they all contradict the new systemic approach.

Suggested system definition of a node describes it as a set of stations. The authors also propose a new classification of transport nodes, formulate criteria for their rational design depending on the classes, and propose correct design and optimisation principles.
Using In-Vehicle Monitoring Data to Assess Road Conditions of Traffic Flows
Authors: Chernyaev I. O. , Evtyukov S. A.
Published: January 2022

Developments in adaptive systems for maintenance and repair of automotive vehicles set the task of monitoring the conditions of their operation. One of the main factors determining these conditions is the type of road surface.

The article describes the results of identification of the type (and condition) of the road surface obtained by theoretical and experimental methods based on the analysis of vertical accelerations recorded on the vehicle body.

The purpose of research was to provide a possibility of continuous monitoring of the type of road surface on which a vehicle is driving, with the subsequent application of the obtained data to correct maintenance intervals. The results of experiments have shown the dependence of the vertical acceleration of the body on the micro-profile of the road surface. The described experimentally obtained profiles of vertical accelerations refer to different types of road surface in different conditions. For quantitative assessment, it is proposed to calculate the average level of accelerations as an integral average over a certain time interval.

The results of the experiments have allowed to substantiate the empirical dependence of the average level of accelerations on speed of a vehicle. Based on this dependence, a method is proposed for recalculating the current values of the average levels of accelerations obtained at different speeds into values adjusted to the base speed to ensure the possibility of their comparison.

It is shown that based on the values of average acceleration levels obtained through operation monitoring regarding a previously known type of road surface, it is possible to determine its condition. A short algorithm is formulated for practical implementation and assessment of road conditions of traffic flows. As for hardware, it is proposed not to equip a vehicle with additional sensors but to use operational standard accelerometers as part of in-vehicle emergency call systems, e.g., ERA-GLONASS equipment units.
The Horrors of War in the History of German Literature: From Heinrich Wittenwiler and Hans Jacob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen to Rainer Maria Remarque
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: January 2022

As terrible as wars have always been, for the losers as well as for the winners, considering the massive killings, destruction, and general horror resulting from it all, poets throughout time have responded to this miserable situation by writing deeply moving novels, plays, poems, epic poems, and other works. The history of Germany, above all, has been filled with a long series of wars, but those have also been paralleled by major literary works describing those wars, criticizing them, and outlining the devastating consequences, here disregarding those narratives that deliberately idealized the military events. While wars take place on the ground and affect people, animals, objects, and nature at large, poets have always taken us to imaginary worlds where they could powerfully reflect on the causes and outcomes of the brutal operations. This paper takes into view some major German works from the early fifteenth through the early twentieth century in order to identify a fundamental discourse that makes war so valuable for history and culture, after all. Curiously, as we will recognize through a comparative analysis, some of the worst conditions in human history have produced some of the most aesthetically pleasing and most meaningful artistic or literary texts. So, as this paper will illustrate, the experience of war, justified or not, has been a cornerstone of medieval, early modern, and modern literature. However, it is far from me to suggest that we would need wars for great literature to emerge. On the contrary, great literature serves as the public conscience fighting against wars and the massive violence resulting from it.
The Impact of a Messaging Intervention on Parents’ School Hesitancy During COVID-19
Authors: Polikoff Morgan S. , Silver Daniel , Garland Marshall , Saavedra Anna Rosefsky , Rapaport Amie , Fienberg Michael
Published: January 2022

Throughout the 2020–2021 school year, families’ access to—and desire to participate in—in-person educational experiences was highly unequal. Concerns about “school hesitancy” in light of COVID-19 have continued into the 2021–2022 school year, driven both by concerns about well-being and concerns about safety. Using a nationally representative sample of families, we tested a messaging intervention aimed at reducing school hesitancy. We found that targeted messaging to address well-being and safety concerns substantially improved parent reports of their likelihood of sending their child back for in-person learning for parents who were previously unsure. The findings suggest the importance of careful COVID-related communication from schools.
Edukasi jalan pagi dan latihan slow deep breathing untuk menurunkan hipertensi pada kelompok ibu pemberdayaan kesejahteraan keluarga (PKK) di desa Bangsri kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Fitria Noor Laela , Herawati Isnaini , Rahman Farid
Published: January 2022

Hipertensi menjadi silent killer karena pada sebagaian besar kasus tidak menunjukkan gejala apapun hingga pada suatu hari hipertensi menjadi stroke dan serangan jantung yang mengakibatkan penderitanya meninggal. Hipertensi terkait erat dengan masalah psikologis dan emosional, terutama dalam tekanan hidup yang berat. Upaya penanganan pada penderita hipertensi yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan cara jalan pagi. Jalan pagi mampu mendorong jantung bekerja secara optimal dan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas pernapasan. Upaya penanganan lain pada hipertensi yaitu dengan cara terapi komplementer. Salah satu bentuk terapi komplementer yang menggunakan teknik relaksasi adalah latihan slow deep breathing. Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini dengan pemberian penyuluhan kepada Kelompok Ibu PKK yang bertujuan untuk manambah pengetahuan terkait jalan pagi dan latihan slow deep breathing untuk menurunkan hipertensi. Jalan pagi dapat dilakukan setiap pagi dan latihan slow deep breathing dilakukan sebanyak 6 kali permenit selama 10 menit. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di Desa Bangsri Kabupaten Jepara dan didapatkan hasil yaitu meningkatnya pengetahuan kelompok tersebut tentang jalan pagi dan latihan slow deep breathing untuk menurunkan hipertensi dengan hasil 79% (baik) pada nilai rata-rata pre-test dan post-test sehingga masyarakat dapat melakukan latihan tersebut dengan mandiri.
Confessional policy of the Bolsheviks in the Сrimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the 1920-1930s
Authors: Kondratyuk G. N.
Published: January 2022

The article examines confessional politics in one of the most diffi cult periods for religious organizations that are the 20–30s of the XX century. At this time, active anti-religious work was carried out, so there were created some special organizations supposed to get rid of any manifestations of religious consciousness among the Soviet citizens. All the diversity of this policy is discussed on the example of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The policy that revealed the relation to the Orthodox and Muslim populations and took into account the national specifi cs of the region varied from relatively loyal attitude towards religious organizations in the 1920s to the events of the Great Terror of 1937–1938. The Crimean ASSR was multi-confessional. The authorities faced the need to compromise between the fi ght against religion and the desire not to aggravate confl icts with national minorities. The anti-religious policy was not supposed to confl ict with the policy of indigenousization. Throughout the pre-war twenty years, anti-religious work in the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was not fully implemented and was poorly organized. The slowdown in the implementation of the anti-religious line was caused by both unsuccessful selections of the personnel and insuffi cient funding of the anti-religious activities carried out.
Semilinear parabolic diffusion systems on the sphere with Caputo-Fabrizio operator
Authors: BİNH Tran
Published: January 2022

PDEs on spheres have many important applications in physical phenomena, oceanography and meteorology, geophysics. In this paper, we study the parabolic systems with Caputo-Fabrizio derivative. In order to establish the existence of the mild solution, we use the Banach fixed point theorem and some analysis of Fourier series associated with several evaluations of the spherical harmonics function. Some of the techniques on upper and lower bounds of the Mittag-Lefler functions are also applied. This is one of the first research results on the systems of parabolic diffusion on the sphere.
Socioeconomic and sex inequalities in parent-reported adolescent mental ill-health: Time trends in four British birth cohorts
Authors: McElroy Eoin , Tibber Marc , Fearon Pasco , Patalay Praveetha , Ploubidis George
Published: January 2022

BackgroundStudies using symptom-based screeners have suggested that mental health problems have increased in adolescents in recent decades, however, few studies have explicitly tested the equivalence of their instruments, which is critical for inferring changes in prevalence. In addition, few studies have explored whether changes in socioeconomic position (SEP) and sex inequalities across generations have impacted trends in adolescent mental health. MethodsUsing structural equation modelling, we explore sex differences in harmonised parent-reports of emotional and behavioural problems, using data from four UK birth cohorts: the 1958 National Child Development Study (NCDS’58; N= 11,398), the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS’70; N= 8,161), the 1991-92 Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC’91; N= 5,304), and the 2001 Millennium Cohort Study (MCS’01; N= 10,384). We also delineate associations between four harmonised indicators of childhood SEP and adolescent mental health, and test whether changes in SEP account for increases in mental ill-health over time. Results We found an increase in the latent means of parent-reported emotional and behavioural problems across time in both males and females in more recent cohorts, with the exception of ALSPAC’91. Sex-inequalities did not change over time, with females having consistently higher emotional problems. The associations between the four indicators of SEP and emotional problems were strongest in the MCS’01, with housing tenure having the strongest association. All four SEP indicators were associated with behavioural problems in all of the cohorts, with housing tenure again more strongly associated with problems in the MCS’01. Inconsistent mediation (i.e. regression suppression) suggested that the increases in mental health problems occurred despite broadly improving average socio-economic conditions. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that parent-reported adolescent mental health problems have risen in recent generations and that this trend is not due solely to reporting styles. A failure to address widening inequalities may result in further increases in mental ill-health amongst disadvantaged young people.
Embedding Metadata-Enriched Graphs
Authors: Bachhofner Stefan , Aryan Peb Ruswono , Krabina Bernhard , David Robert
Published: January 2022

This paper presents an on-going research where we studythe problem of embedding meta-data enriched graphs, with a focus onknowledge graphs in a vector space with transformer based deep neuralnetworks. Experimentally, we compare ceteris paribus the performance ofa transformer-based model with other non-transformer approaches. Dueto their recent success in natural language processing we hypothesizethat the former is superior in performance. We test this hypothesizesby comparing the performance of transformer embeddings with non-transformer embeddings on different downstream tasks. Our researchmight contribute to a better understanding of how random walks in-fluence the learning of features, which might be useful in the design ofdeep learning architectures for graphs when the input is generated withrandom walks.
Thе Influеncе of thе Еducation Lеvеl on Baby Hеalth in Namibian Womеn
Authors: Lе Trаng , Nguyеn My , Le Kien
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Thе purposе of this study is to sее if Namibian mothеrs with grеatеr lеvеls of еducation producе hеalthiеr infants (N=10,873). According to thе findings, Namibian mothеrs with a highеr еducational lеvеl had hеalthiеr infants than Namibian mothеrs with a lowеr еducational lеvеl. In tеrms of statistics, onе additional еducation yеar in Namibia is linkеd to a 6.5378 gram risе in Namibian birth wеight and a 0.50 pеrcеntagе point rеduction in Namibian low birth wеight risk.
ANALISIS SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU PADA KEDAI KOPI LEDOKAN di BINANGUN
Authors: NURFADILA RISKY , Saldina Iswatul , anjarsari novita
Published: January 2022

Abstrac The accounting system is a tool used to organize or collect, collect, and conduct information regarding all company transactions, where employees, company activities, materials and machines can be integrated in such a way that supervision can be carried out. This study aims to find out how to analyze information systems and internal control of raw material supplies at the Ledokan Coffee shop in Binangun Blitar. The data used are qualitative data in the form of some basic analysis from field interviews. The results showed that the Ledokan Coffee Shop has good supply chain management capabilities as evidenced by the existence of suppliers who have long-term cooperative relationships with them. Keywords: Accounting Information System, Inventory, Internal Contro Abstrak Sistem akuntansi adalah alat yang digunakan untuk mengatur atau mengumpulkan, mengumpulkan, dan melakukan informasi mengenai semua transaksi perusahaan, di mana karyawan, kegiatan perusahaan, bahan dan mesin dapat diintegrasikan sedemikian rupa sehingga pengawasan dapat dilakukan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana menganalisis system informasi dan pengendalian internal persedian bahan baku pada kedai Kopi Ledokan di Binangun Blitar. Data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif berupa beberapa analisis yang mendasar dari wawancara dilapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kedai Kopi Ledokan memiliki kemampuan supply chain management yang baik yang dibuktikan dengan adanya pemasok yang memiliki hubungan kerjasama jangka panjang dengan mereka. Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, Persediaan, Pengendalian Internal
An Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use: An Application of Tolin’s Criteria for Empirically Supported Treatments
Authors: Boness Cassandra L. , Votaw Victoria , Schwebel Frank J , Moniz-Lewis David I.K. , McHugh R. Kathryn , Witkiewitz Katie
Published: January 2022

This document includes a formal evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy for substance use disorder per the Tolin et al., (2015) criteria.
Naskah Keislaman di Klungkung dan Karangasem Bali: Sebuah Penelusuran Awal Terhadap Koleksi Masyarakat
Authors: Maknun Moch Lukluil , Iswanto Agus , masfiah umi
Published: January 2022

Naskah-naskah keislaman di Bali belum banyak diungkapkan, baik dalam bentuk deskripsimaupun dalam kajian-kajian yang spesifik, padahal banyak masyarakat Muslim di kampungkampung Islam Bali menyimpan naskah keislaman. Artikel ini menyajikan hasil penelusuran naskah-naskah keislaman koleksi masyarakat di dua kabupaten di Bali, yakni Kabupaten Klungkung dan Kabupaten Karangasem. Artikel ini bermula dengan menyajikan kampungkampung Islam dan para pemlilik naskah, lalu dilanjutkan dengan penyajian hasil identifikasi naskah yang ditemukan. Identifikasi tersebut meliputi identifikasi alas/bahan naskah, bahasa dan aksara, serta isi teks. Artikel ini juga mengidentifikasi naskah-naskah keislaman yang memiliki kolofon. Naskah-naskah keislaman yang berhasil ditemukan lebih banyak ditemukan di Kabupaten Karangasem, sementara di Kabupaten Klungkung hanya sedikit naskah yang ditemukan. Kebanyakan naskah berbahan kertas Eropa, meskipun ada juga naskah yang berbahan dluwang, kertas bergaris, dan lontar. Dari segi bahasa, naskah-naskah keislaman yang berhasil diidentifikasi banyak menggunakan bahasa Melayu dan aksara Jawi, tetapi ada juga yang menggunakan bahasa Jawa dan Bali. Naskah-naskah tersebut berisi berbagai keilmuan Islam, seperti tauhid, fikih dan tasawuf, tetapi yang banyak ditemukan adalah naskah-naskah cerita/hikayat, khutbah, dan primbon.
Facilitating animacy perception by manipulating stimuli exposure time
Authors: Saito Toshiki , Motoki Kosuke , Nouchi Rui , Sugiura Motoaki
Published: January 2022

Animacy perception—discriminating between animate and inanimate visual stimuli—is the basis for engaging in social cognition and for our survival (e.g., avoiding potential danger). Previous studies indicate that factors in a target, such as the features or motion of a target, enhance animacy perception. However, factors in a perceiver, such as the visual attention of a perceiver to a target, have received little attention from researchers. Research on judgment, decision-making, and neuroeconomics indicates the active role of visual attention in constructing decisions. This study examined the role of visual attention in the perception of animacy by manipulating the exposure time of targets. Among Studies 1a to 1c conducted in this study, participants saw two face illustrations alternately; one of the faces was shown to be longer than the other. The participants chose the face that they considered more animated and rounder. Consequently, longer exposure time toward targets facilitated animacy perception and preference rather than the perception of roundness. Furthermore, preregistered Study 2 examined the underlying mechanisms. The results suggest that mere exposure, rather than orienting behavior, might play a vital role in the perception of animacy. Thus, in the reverse relationship between visual attention and animacy perception, animate objects capture attention—attention results in the perception of animacy.