bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation Research of Fracmemristor Circuit Based on HP Memristor
Authors: Xu Li , Huang Guo , Pu Yi-Fei
Published: March 2018

Since we cannot solve the equation, we know nothing about the properties of the fracmemristor circuit. In this paper, HP memristor is used in fracmemristor circuit for the first time. After a series of mathematical processing, the HP fracmemristor can be equivalent to two parts which are represented as F and VM, respectively. The F part is the fractance. The VM part is related to the current, and it can best reflect the fracmemristor property of the circuit. Therefore, we hope that we can understand the fracmemristor circuit by the simulation research of the HP fracmemristor circuit. Firstly, the amplitude frequency characteristic and phase frequency characteristic of HP fracmemristor are obtained by using Matlab. And compared with the fractance, they have different characteristics. After that, the 1/2 order fracmemristor property is studied. By approximating processing the 1/2 Laplasse operator and then using Laplasse transform and inverse Laplasse transform, we can get the total resistance change with time, the changes of total resistance with the current figure, the voltage of part F changes with the current, the voltage of part VM with the current changes, as well as the total voltage with current changes. From these diagrams, the U-I diagram of the VM section intersects at two points. The currents at these two points are symmetrical about the origin, and the voltages at the two points are slightly different. Moreover, the magnitude of the current and voltage is stable at the point of intersection, and does not change with the magnitude of the input current. For HP fracmemristor circuits, its properties depend on the size of the current. When the current is very small, the HP fracmemristor exhibits the characteristics of fractance, and the influence of the VM part can be ignored. With the increase of current, the effect of fractance F is reduced, and the effect of VM is increased. When the current increases to a certain size, the output of the circuit is the same as that of the VM part, and the effect of the fractance F part can be ignored.
A Low-Power, Signal-Specific SAR ADC for Neural Sensing Applications
Authors: Babayan-Mashhadi Samaneh , Jahangiri-Khah Mona
Published: March 2018

As power consumption is one of the major issues in biomedical implantable devices, in this paper, a novel quantization method is proposed for successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) which can save 80% power consumption in contrast to conventional structure for electroencephalogram (EEG) signal recording systems. According to the characteristics of neural signals, the principle of the proposed power saving technique was inspired such that only the difference between current input sample and the previous one is quantized, using a power efficient SAR ADC with fewer resolutions. To verify the proposed quantization scheme, the ADC is systematically modeled in Matlab and designed and simulated in circuit level using 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS technology. When applied to neural signal acquisition, spice simulations show that at sampling rate of 25[Formula: see text]kS/s, the proposed 8-bit ADC consumes 260[Formula: see text]nW of power from 1.8[Formula: see text]V supply voltage while achieving 7.1 effective number of bits.
The Fe-Zn Isotopic Characteristics and Fractionation Models: Implications for the Genesis of the Zhaxikang Sb-Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit in Southern Tibet
Authors: Wang Da , Zheng Youye , Mathur Ryan , Wu Song
Published: March 2018

The genesis of the Zhaxikang Sb-Pb-Zn-Ag deposit remains controversial. Three different geological environments have been proposed to model mineralization: a hot spring, a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid, and a sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) overprinted by a hot spring. Here, we present the electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and Fe-Zn isotopic data (microsampled) of four samples from the first pulse of mineralization that show annular textures to constrain ore genesis. The Zn/Cd ratios from the EPMA data of sphalerite range from 296 to 399 and overlap the range of exhalative systems. The δ56Fe values of Mn-Fe carbonate and δ66Zn values of sphalerite gradually decrease from early to late stages in three samples. A combination of the EPMA and isotopic data shows the Fe-Zn contents also have different correlations with δ66Zn values in sphalerite from these samples. Rayleigh distillation models this isotope and concentration data with the cause of fractionation related to vapour-liquid partitioning and mineral precipitation. In order to verify this Rayleigh distillation model, we combine our Fe-Zn isotopic data with those from previous studies to establish 12 Fe-Zn isotopic fractionation models. These fractionation models indicate the δ56Fei and δ66Zni values (initial Fe-Zn isotopic compositions) of the ore-forming system are in the range of -0.5‰​​
~−1‰ and -0.28‰​
~0‰, respectively. To conclude, the EPMA data, Fe-Zn isotopic characteristics, and fractionation models support the SEDEX model for the first pulse of mineralization.
Efficient Two-Derivative Runge-Kutta-Nyström Methods for Solving General Second-Order Ordinary Differential Equations y′′(x)=f(x,y,y′)
Authors: Mohamed T. S. , Senu N. , Ibrahim Z. B. , Nik Long N. M. A.
Published: March 2018

This paper proposes and investigates a special class of explicit Runge-Kutta-Nyström (RKN) methods for problems in the form y′′(x)=f(x,y,y′) including third derivatives and denoted as STDRKN. The methods involve one evaluation of second derivative and many evaluations of third derivative per step. In this study, methods with two and three stages of orders four and five, respectively, are presented. The stability property of the methods is discussed. Numerical experiments have clearly shown the accuracy and the efficiency of the new methods.
Trace Elements and Minerals in Fumarolic Sulfur: The Case of Ebeko Volcano, Kuriles
Authors: Shevko E. P. , Bortnikova S. B. , Abrosimova N. A. , Kamenetsky V. S. , Bortnikova S. P. , Panin G. L. , Zelenski M.
Published: March 2018

Native sulfur deposits on fumarolic fields at Ebeko volcano (Northern Kuriles, Russia) are enriched in chalcophile elements (As-Sb-Se-Te-Hg-Cu) and contain rare heavy metal sulfides (Ag2S, HgS, and CuS), native metal alloys (Au2Pd), and some other low-solubility minerals (CaWO4, BaSO4). Sulfur incrustations are impregnated with numerous particles of fresh and altered andesite groundmass and phenocrysts (pyroxene, magnetite) as well as secondary minerals, such as opal, alunite, and abundant octahedral pyrite crystals. The comparison of elemental abundances in sulfur and unaltered rocks (andesite) demonstrated that rock-forming elements (Ca, K, Fe, Mn, and Ti) and other lithophile and chalcophile elements are mainly transported by fumarolic gas as aerosol particles, whereas semimetals (As, Sb, Se, and Te), halogens (Br and I), and Hg are likely transported as volatile species, even at temperatures slightly above 100°C. The presence of rare sulfides (Ag2S, CuS, and HgS) together with abundant FeS2 in low-temperature fumarolic environments can be explained by the hydrochloric leaching of rock particles followed by the precipitation of low-solubility sulfides induced by the reaction of acid solutions with H2S at ambient temperatures. The elemental composition of native sulfur can be used to qualitatively estimate elemental abundances in low-temperature fumarolic gases.
Investigating a Coupled Hybrid System of Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Kumam Wiyada , Bahadur Zada Mian , Shah Kamal , Khan Rahmat Ali
Published: March 2018

We study sufficient conditions for existence of solutions to the coupled systems of higher order hybrid fractional differential equations with three-point boundary conditions. For this motive, we apply the coupled fixed point theorem of Krasnoselskii type to form adequate conditions for existence of solutions to the proposed system. We finish the paper with suitable illustrative example.
Motor Improvement of Skilled Forelimb Use Induced by Treatment with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation Is Dependent on the Onset of the Treatment after Cortical Ablation
Authors: Heredia Margarita , Palomero Jesús , de la Fuente Antonio , Criado José María , Yajeya Javier , Devesa Jesús , Devesa Pablo , Vicente-Villardón José Luis , Riolobos Adelaida S.
Published: March 2018

We previously demonstrated that the administration of GH immediately after severe motor cortex injury, in rats, followed by rehabilitation, improved the functionality of the affected limb and reexpressed nestin in the contralateral motor cortex. Here, we analyze whether these GH effects depend on a time window after the injury and on the reexpression of nestin and actin. Injured animals were treated with GH (0.15 mg/kg/day) or vehicle, at days 7, 14, and 35 after cortical ablation. Rehabilitation was applied at short and long term (LTR) after the lesion and then sacrificed. Nestin and actin were analyzed by immunoblotting in the contralateral motor cortex. Giving GH at days 7 or 35 after the lesion, but not 14 days after it, led to a remarkable improvement in the functionality of the affected paw. Contralateral nestin and actin reexpression was clearly higher in GH-treated animals, probably because compensatory brain plasticity was established. GH and immediate rehabilitation are key for repairing brain injuries, with the exception of a critical time period: GH treatment starting 14 days after the lesion. Our data also indicate that there is not a clear plateau in the recovery from a brain injury in agreement with our data in human patients.
Numerical Modeling and Investigation on Aerodynamic Noise Characteristics of Pantographs in High‐Speed Trains
Authors: Sun Xiaoqi , Xiao Han
Published: March 2018

Pantographs are important devices on high‐speed trains. When a train runs at a high speed, concave and convex parts of the train cause serious airflow disturbances and result in flow separation, eddy shedding, and breakdown. A strong fluctuation pressure field will be caused and transformed into aerodynamic noises. When high‐speed trains reach 300 km/h, aerodynamic noises become the main noise source. Aerodynamic noises of pantographs occupy a large proportion in far‐field aerodynamic noises of the whole train. Therefore, the problem of aerodynamic noises for pantographs is outstanding among many aerodynamics problems. This paper applies Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) to conducting numerical simulations of flow fields around pantographs of high‐speed trains which run in the open air. Time‐domain characteristics, frequency‐domain characteristics, and unsteady flow fields of aerodynamic noises for pantographs are obtained. The acoustic boundary element method is used to study noise radiation characteristics of pantographs. Results indicate that eddies with different rotation directions and different scales are in regions such as pantograph heads, hinge joints, bottom frames, and insulators, while larger eddies are on pantograph heads and bottom frames. These eddies affect fluctuation pressures of pantographs to form aerodynamic noise sources. Slide plates, pantograph heads, balance rods, insulators, bottom frames, and push rods are the main aerodynamic noise source of pantographs. Radiated energies of pantographs are mainly in mid‐frequency and high‐frequency bands. In high‐frequency bands, the far‐field aerodynamic noise of pantographs is mainly contributed by the pantograph head. Single‐frequency noises are in the far‐field aerodynamic noise of pantographs, where main frequencies are 293 Hz, 586 Hz, 880 Hz, and 1173 Hz. The farther the observed point is from the noise source, the faster the sound pressure attenuation will be. When the distance of two adjacent observed points is increased by double, the attenuation amplitude of sound pressure levels for pantographs is around 6.6 dB.
Age-Dependent Cellular and Behavioral Deficits Induced by Molecularly Targeted Drugs Are Reversible
Authors: Scafidi Joseph , Ritter Jonathan , Talbot Brooke M. , Edwards Jorge , Chew Li-Jin , Gallo Vittorio
Published: March 2018

Newly developed targeted anticancer drugs inhibit signaling pathways commonly altered in adult and pediatric cancers. However, as these pathways are also essential for normal brain development, concerns have emerged of neurologic sequelae resulting specifically from their application in pediatric cancers. The neural substrates and age dependency of these drug-induced effects in vivo are unknown, and their long-term behavioral consequences have not been characterized. This study defines the age-dependent cellular and behavioral effects of these drugs on normally developing brains and determines their reversibility with post-drug intervention. Mice at different postnatal ages received short courses of molecularly targeted drugs in regimens analagous to clinical treatment. Analysis of rapidly developing brain structures important for sensorimotor and cognitive function showed that, while adult administration was without effect, earlier neonatal administration of targeted therapies attenuated white matter oligodendroglia and hippocampal neuronal development more profoundly than later administration, leading to long-lasting behavioral deficits. This functional impairment was reversed by rehabilitation with physical and cognitive enrichment. Our findings demonstrate age-dependent, reversible effects of these drugs on brain development, which are important considerations as treatment options expand for pediatric cancers.

Significance: Targeted therapeutics elicit age-dependent long-term consequences on the developing brain that can be ameliorated with environmental enrichment. Cancer Res; 78(8); 2081–95. ©2018 AACR.
Evaluation and Exploration on the Effect of the Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Rural Areas through an Internet-Based Network Consulting Room
Authors: Yan Yan , Liu Li , Zeng Jing , Zhang Liang
Published: March 2018

Objective: This study aims to improve the management quality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural areas. Methods: Two hundred forty discharged COPD patients were divided into an intervention group and a control group. In the intervention group, 120 patients established contact with doctors through the network consulting room, i.e., the doctor’s mobile platform, and were managed through video, voice, and text by the doctors, kept close contact with the doctors after discharge (education, consultation), and received electronic prescriptions, and drugs were sent to the patients’ door by online retailers. The patients in the control group were managed in the traditional manner. One year later, the predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)%, FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), and CAT scores and the number of rehospitalized patients were compared between these 2 groups. Results: After 1 year of follow-up, the predicted FEV1% and the FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). CAT scores were lower for patients in the intervention group than for those in the control group after 1 year of follow-up (p < 0.05). After 1 year of follow-up, 22 (18.33%) patients were rehospitalized in the intervention group and 58 (48.33%) patients were rehospitalized in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Doctors can improve the quality of life of patients with COPD and reduce the number of rehospitalizations through use of the network consulting room.
Os velhos marinheiros, de Jorge Amado e o velho e o mar, de Hemingway: narrativas simbólicas do mar
Authors: Luna Jairo Nogueira
Published: March 2018

Neste artigo, buscamos apresentar um trabalho de literatura comparada entre as obras Os Velhos Marinheiros, de Jorge Amado (1961 – traduzido para o inglês por Harriet de Onis, Home is the Sailor) e O Velho e o Mar, de Ernest Hemingway (1951 – do original em inglês, The Old Man and the Sea, traduzido por Jorge de Sena). Destacamos na obra de Hemingway a questão das dicotomias e as interpretações simbólicas que envolvem Santiago e o peixe. Em Os Velhos Marinheiros demonstramos os aspectos relativos às narrativas fantasiosas de Vasco Moscoso. Em ambas as obras buscamos demonstrar a importância da hipérbole como recurso que define aspectos importantes dos dois enredos. Ainda, tentamos definir alguns aspectos relativos ao uso da ironia e do sentido trágico em Hemingway e tragicômico em Jorge Amado.
O ensino de literatura sob o viés da licenciatura
Authors: Rezende Neide Luzia de
Published: March 2018

O artigo busca aproximar, para problematizar, perspectivas diversas de ensino da literatura: a do curso de Letras e a do curso de Licenciatura da USP, tradicionalmente distanciados em relação às teorias e metodologias de ensino desse campo de saber. O curso de Letras forma especialistas de textos enquanto há décadas professores da Educação têm insistido na dimensão da recepção e do leitor.
O discurso do espaço e a representação do tribunal: as relações entre the Children Act e Bleak House
Authors: Escoza Cássia
Published: March 2018

Este artigo propõe uma análise comparativa entre as obras Bleak House (1853), de Charles Dickens e The Children Act (2014), de Ian McEwan, com base nos estudos semióticos da figuratividade. A observação das semelhanças e diferenças do discurso do espaço nos dois romances viabiliza a compreensão dos aspectos estilísticos e formais utilizados pelos autores, bem como do contexto histórico-cultural em que as obras surgiram. Mais especificamente, esta análise revela a estreita conexão das narrativas sobre a relação entre a literatura e os processos jurídicos na sociedade inglesa, em meados do século XIX e início do século XXI.
O lúdico e os (des)caminhos historiográficos da literatura infanto-juvenil no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Danglei De Castro
Published: March 2018

Este texto aborda aspectos da historiografia literária brasileira como ponto de partida para uma reflexão sobre o lugar da literatura infanto-juvenil no âmbito da historiográfica literária e, posteriormente, a relevância do lúdico, conforme Huizinga (2004), na construção estética destes textos. Nosso objetivo é abordar a relevância estética da literatura infanto-juvenil por meio da focalização de poemas de José Paulo Paes e Jorge de Lima, tomados como corpus deste estudo.
“I Have Fought with Wild Beasts … But I Will Stay until Pentecost”
Authors: Doole J. Andrew
Published: March 2018

Paul only mentions Ephesus twice explicitly, in 1 Cor 15:32 and 16:8. The latter reference leads most to place the writing of 1 Corinthians in Ephesus, while the former causes much hand-wringing over Paul’s bout with wild beasts. If indeed Paul has written to the Corinthians from Ephesus, we may be able to infer—albeit speculatively—aspects of Christian life in the city. Theißen and Hartwig’s concept of the Nebenadressat, which they apply to the Corinthians as secondary addressees of Romans, may be applied to the Ephesians as secondary addressees of the letter to Corinth. We can see from Paul’s guidelines for the Christians in Corinth how Christians in Ephesus would have lived.
‘Smarter, Stronger, Kinder’
Authors: Sakr Naomi
Published: March 2018

Heralding the imminent screening of a new series of Iftah ya Simsim (Open Sesame) for pre-schoolers on Gulf television in 2015, the managing director of the show’s production company described it as the culmination of ‘passion and commitment’ on the part of ‘dozens of individuals across international boundaries’ over four years. Joint efforts of individuals and institutions on that scale imply shared objectives. The publicly declared objective of the partner of Iftah ya Simsim, Sesame Workshop in New York, is to offer fun lessons that will make Gulf children ‘smarter, stronger and kinder’, a significant ambition given educational and health issues in parts of the region. Yet the reality of international collaboration made the project even more complex. My study explores the interests at stake in making the series, by Sesame Workshop, the Arab Bureau for Education in Gulf States based in Riyadh, and Bidaya Media, the Abu Dhabi-based joint venture created to produce the shows. I found that the challenge of collaboration was lessened because different institutions were responsible for different phases of the project, public narratives about it played down culturally-sensitive concerns that informed the curriculum underlying it, and widespread nostalgia linked to the 1970s version of the show implied that Iftah ya Simsim was itself part of Gulf traditions.
Nation-Building and a School Play in a Kazakh Saint’s Jubilee
Authors: Bigozhin Ulan
Published: March 2018

This article focuses on a theatrical play performed during the Jubilee, the anniversary feast of Isabek Ishan, a local Kazakh saint. The state-supported celebration at Isabek’s restored shrine is an example of the nation-building processes of post-Soviet Kazakhstan. The Jubilee brought together pre-Soviet, Soviet, and post-Soviet themes, including narratives of sainthood and the significance of local sacred lineages. The play depicts Stalinist repression of religion, pointing to the importance of religious nationalism in contemporary state ideology. Despite occupying a relatively small space in the celebration, the play demonstrated how Stalinist trauma continues to inform local Muslim beliefs and practices, emphasizing the association of Kazakh nationalism with religious practices.
Contribution to knowledge of the genus Cuanta Dworakowska, 1993 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) with descriptions of three new species
Authors: KANG JUXIA , HUANG MIN , YANG YURU , ZHANG YALIN
Published: March 2018

The leafhopper genus Cuanta Dworakowska, 1993 is recorded from China for the first time. Three species, C. plana, C. curva. and C. centralis spp. nov., are described and illustrated as new to science. A check-list and key to all species of Cuanta are provided.
The Meladema Laporte, 1835 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) of the Sahara Desert
Authors: RIBERA IGNACIO , BILTON DAVID T. , CARDOSO ANABELA
Published: March 2018

Meladema Laporte, 1835 is a genus of large diving beetles, found in the Western Palaearctic, from the Canary Islands and Madeira to western Turkey (Bilton & Ribera 2017). The genus currently contains four species: the widespread M. coriacea Laporte, 1835, distributed from the Canary Islands to Turkey and ranging from southern France and the central Balkans south to the central Sahara, two Atlantic Island endemics, M. imbricata (Wollaston, 1871) from the western Canary Islands and M. lanio (Fabricius, 1775) from the main island of Madeira, and a fourth, recently described species, M. lepidoptera Bilton & Ribera, 2017 from the Tyrrhenian Islands (Corsica, Sardinia, Elba, Montecristo) and parts of the Italian mainland (Bilton & Ribera 2017).
Impacts of Different Cumulus Schemes on the Pathways through which SST Provides Feedback to the Madden–Julian Oscillation
Authors: Fu Joshua-Xiouhua , Wang Wanqiu , Zhu Yuejian , Ren Hong-Li , Jia Xiaolong , Shinoda Toshiaki
Published: March 2018

Six sets of hindcasts conducted with the NCEP GFS have been used to study the SST-feedback processes and assess the relative contributions of atmospheric internal dynamics and SST feedback on the October and November MJO events observed during the DYNAMO IOP (Oct- and Nov-MJO). The hindcasts are carried out with three variants of the Arakawa–Shubert cumulus scheme under TMI and climatological SST conditions. The positive intraseasonal SST anomaly along with its convergent Laplacian produces systematic surface disturbances, which include enhanced surface convergence, evaporation, and equivalent potential temperature no matter which cumulus scheme is used. Whether these surface disturbances can grow into a robust response of MJO convection depends on the characteristics of the cumulus schemes used. If the cumulus scheme is able to amplify the SST-initiated surface disturbances through a strong upward–downward feedback, the model is able to produce a robust MJO convection response to the underlying SST anomaly; otherwise, the model will not produce any significant SST feedback. A new method has been developed to quantify the “potential” and “practical” contributions of the atmospheric internal dynamics and SST feedback on the MJOs. The present results suggest that, potentially, the SST feedback could have larger contributions than the atmospheric internal dynamics. Practically, the contributions to the Oct- and Nov-MJO events are, respectively, dominated by atmospheric internal dynamics and SST feedback. Averaged over the entire period, the contributions from the atmospheric internal dynamics and SST feedback are about half and half.
Finding Ocean States That Are Consistent with Observations from a Perturbed Physics Parameter Ensemble
Authors: Sparrow Sarah , Millar Richard J. , Yamazaki Kuniko , Massey Neil , Povey Adam C. , Bowery Andy , Grainger Roy G. , Wallom David , Allen Myles
Published: March 2018

A very large ensemble is used to identify subgrid-scale parameter settings for the HadCM3 model that are capable of best simulating the ocean state over the recent past (1980–2010). A simple particle filtering technique based upon the agreement of basin mean sea surface temperature (SST) and upper 700-m ocean heat content with EN3 observations is applied to an existing perturbed physics ensemble with initial conditions perturbations. A single set of subgrid-scale parameter values was identified from the wide range of initial parameter sets that gave the best agreement with ocean observations for the period studied. The parameter set, different from the standard model parameters, has a transient climate response of 1.68 K. The selected parameter set shows an improved agreement with EN3 decadal-mean SST patterns and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) at 26°N as measured by the Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) array. Particle filtering techniques as demonstrated here could have a useful role in improving the starting point for traditional model-tuning exercises in coupled climate models.
Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of carbon fabric/epoxy composite with continuous graphene oxide fiber and multiwalled carbon nanotube
Authors: Ucar Nuray , Kayaoğlu Burçak Karagüzel , Bilge Arınc , Gurel Gunseli , Sencandan Pınar , Paker Selcuk
Published: March 2018

Carbon fabric composite is used in technical applications such as aircrafts in which electromagnetic shielding (electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness) is required. Traditionally, metallic coatings or metal plates are used for electromagnetic shielding, however, conductive filler-filled composite is also alternative to metal sheets due to its light weight. In the literatures, there are studies about effect carbon nanotube and graphene oxide flakes on electromagnetic interference; however, there are no studies encountered that search the effect of carbon nanotube/graphene oxide fiber and alignment of graphene oxide fiber on electromagnetic interference. Thus, in this study, fabrication of light-weight carbon fabric/epoxy composite filled with graphene oxide fiber, reduced graphene oxide fiber and multiwalled carbon nanotube and alignment of graphene oxide fiber was studied for the first time for both electromagnetic shielding (electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness) and electrical conductivity. It was found that reduced graphene oxide with two layers at the same alignment (0–0) leads to increment in the electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness value, while reduced graphene oxide with opposite alignment (0–90) leads to decrease in the electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness value. Opposite to literatures for graphene oxide flakes, highly rough surface of graphene oxide fiber and reduced graphene oxide fiber causes a deterioration in electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness due to disruptive multiple reflections resulted from highly rough surface of graphene oxide fiber, which causes multiple reflection effect. Multiwalled carbon nanotube generally provides higher electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness than graphene-based fiber because it has higher conductivity and has no disruptive effect of crimpy surface as graphene oxide fiber. Multiwalled carbon nanotube loading of 15 wt% results to 32 dB electromagnetic interference–shielding effectiveness, which is considered an adequate and moderate level of shielding for many applications.
Affect Images and States
Authors: Eigen Michael
Published: March 2018

This article provides an informal background for working with affective images and states as part of therapeutic movement. It emphasizes psychosis and psychotic elements in work more generally. Writers who form a background for this work include Freud, Jung, Elkin, Bion, Winnicott, Lacan, Bettelheim, Arieti, and my own explorations, ongoing nearly 60 years. Work with one individual is focused on with emphasis on self-hate and searing emotional pain. Our relationship grows over the years, with increasing value for both of us. An implicit sense of creativity plays a special role.
Minimum Reporting Standards for Adult Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Adunka Oliver F. , Gantz Bruce J. , Dunn Camille , Gurgel Richard K. , Buchman Craig A.
Published: March 2018

This article outlines new minimum standards for reporting adult cochlear implant outcomes. These standards have been endorsed by the Implantable Hearing Devices Committee and the Hearing Committee of the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery. The lack of a standardized method for reporting outcomes following cochlear implantation in clinical trials has hampered the ability of investigators to draw comparisons across studies. Variability in data reported in articles and presentation formats inhibits meta‐analyses, making it impossible to accumulate the large patient cohorts needed for statistically significant inference. While investigators remain unrestricted in publishing their adult cochlear implant outcome data in additional formats that they believe to be valuable, they should include the presently proposed minimal data set to facilitate interstudy comparability and consistency of reporting.
We Have Enough Information to Act
Authors: Shapiro Jo
Published: March 2018

Evidence clearly indicates that physicians are suffering. This is harming our profession, our colleagues, other health care team members, and sometimes our patients. There are efforts nationally and internationally to explore ways of promoting wellness and decreasing the high levels of burnout among physicians. While promoting wellness is a complex challenge, and the solutions will need to be multifactorial, the literature suggests that the most effective interventions are organizational. Instead of putting the burden solely on us as individuals to be able to cope with challenging environments, we should be working toward improving the culture and processes in the workplace. Some technical solutions will be needed, but the challenges will also require adaptive solutions that address issues of trust and support. Our Center for Professionalism and Peer Support offers organizational initiatives designed to foster a culture of trust and respect through professionalism, conflict management, peer support, and disclosure coaching programs.
Upper Airway Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results from the ADHERE Registry
Authors: Boon Maurits , Huntley Colin , Steffen Armin , Maurer Joachim T. , Sommer J. Ulrich , Schwab Richard , Thaler Erica , Soose Ryan , Chou Courtney , Strollo Patrick , Kezirian Eric J. , Chia Stanley , Withrow Kirk , Weidenbecher Mark , Strohl Kingman , Doghramji Karl , Hofauer Benedikt , Heiser Clemens ,   ADHERE Registry Investigators
Published: March 2018

Objective

Upper airway stimulation (UAS) is an alternative treatment option for patients unable to tolerate continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Studies support the safety and efficacy of this therapy. The aim of this registry is to collect retrospective and prospective objective and subjective outcome measures across multiple institutions in the United States and Germany. To date, it represents the largest cohort of patients studied with this therapy.

Study Design

Retrospective and prospective registry study.

Setting

Ten tertiary care hospitals in the United States and Germany.

Subjects and Methods

Patients were included who had moderate to severe OSA, were intolerant to CPAP, and were undergoing UAS implantation. Baseline demographic and sleep study data were collected. Objective and subjective treatment outcomes, adverse events, and patient and physician satisfaction were reviewed.

Results

The registry enrolled 301 patients between October 2016 and September 2017. Mean ± SD AHI decreased from 35.6 ± 15.3 to 10.2 ± 12.9 events per hour (P <. 0001), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores decreased from 11.9 ± 5.5 to 7.5 ± 4.7 (P <. 0001) from baseline to the posttitration visit. Patients utilized therapy for 6.5 hours per night. There were low rates of procedure‐ and device‐related complications. Clinical global impression scores demonstrated that the majority of physicians (94%) saw improvement in their patients’ symptoms with therapy. The majority of patients (90%) were more satisfied with UAS than CPAP.

Conclusions

Across a multi‐institutional registry, UAS therapy demonstrates significant improvement in subjective and objective OSA outcomes, good therapy adherence, and high patient satisfaction.
Bankruptcy and beyond: Detroit’s neoliberal constraints and democratic possibilities
Authors: Lafferty George
Published: March 2018

Today’s Detroit has come to represent more than a single city in decline. Its abandoned landscape, from formerly majestic public buildings to entirely depopulated neighborhoods, symbolizes the devastation that has followed deindustrialization in former manufacturing centers globally. Detroit’s descent into emergency management and bankruptcy has attracted extensive commentary. This essay reviews three significant recent contributions to this growing literature, in order to evaluate Detroit’s prospects for future revitalization and to identify how analysis of the city’s experiences might contribute to further analysis and policy development.
Asthma from hair straightening treatment containing formaldehyde: Two cases and a review of the literature
Authors: Dahlgren James G , Talbott Patrick J
Published: March 2018

We report two cases of formaldehyde-containing hair straighteners causing new onset asthma. Formaldehyde has been reported to cause asthma in other settings. The purpose of this article is to examine two cases of asthma in hairdressers exposed to hair smoothing products and to review the relevant literature on formaldehyde exposure and asthma. The results indicated that both subjects developed asthma from repeated occupational exposure to formaldehyde during hair treatments. Both subjects became unable to tolerate hair straightening activity in their vicinity. Formaldehyde-containing hair smoothing products are sources of exposure, and the risk of developing asthma is high in salon settings where hair straightening is performed using formaldehyde.
Differences in the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus by primary care and specialist providers in the American Indian/Alaska Native population
Authors: McDougall J A , Helmick C G , Lim S S , Johnston J M , Gaddy J R , Gordon C , Ferucci E D
Published: March 2018

Objectives

The objective of this study is to investigate differences in the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by primary care and specialist physicians in a population-based registry.

Methods

This study includes individuals from the 2009 Indian Health Service lupus registry population with a diagnosis of SLE documented by either a primary care provider or specialist. SLE classification criteria, laboratory testing, and medication use at any time during the course of disease were determined by medical record abstraction.

Results

Of the 320 individuals with a diagnosis of SLE, 249 had the diagnosis documented by a specialist, with 71 documented by primary care. Individuals with a specialist diagnosis of SLE were more likely to have medical record documentation of meeting criteria for SLE by all criteria sets (American College of Rheumatology, 79% vs 22%; Boston Weighted, 82% vs 32%; and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics, 83% vs 35%; p < 0.001 for all comparisons). In addition, specialist diagnosis was associated with documentation of ever having been tested for anti-double-stranded DNA antibody and complement 3 and complement 4 ( p < 0.001). Documentation of ever receiving hydroxychloroquine was also more common with specialist diagnosis (86% vs 64%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Within the population studied, specialist diagnosis of SLE was associated with a higher likelihood of having SLE classification criteria documented, being tested for biomarkers of disease, and ever receiving treatment with hydroxychloroquine. These data support efforts both to increase specialist access for patients with suspected SLE and to provide lupus education to primary care providers.
Clinical applications of optical coherence tomography angiography: What we have learnt in the first 3 years
Authors: Cohen Salomon Y , Miere Alexandra , Nghiem-Buffet Sylvia , Fajnkuchen Franck , Souied Eric H , Mrejen Sarah
Published: March 2018

A review of the literature from 2014 to 2016 was conducted, focusing on the results of optical coherence tomography angiography in different chorioretinal diseases. In only 3 years, optical coherence tomography angiography has been shown to be an effective tool for diagnosing choroidal neovascularization complicating age-related macular degeneration, pathologic myopia, and inflammatory conditions. The technique has sometimes been considered superior to conventional multimodal imaging, for example, in choroidal neovascularization associated with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy or multifocal choroiditis. In retinal vascular diseases, optical coherence tomography angiography has helped to understand the condition described as paracentral acute middle maculopathy and has been considered highly effective for the analysis of retinal vascular macular changes secondary to retinal vein occlusion or macular telangiectasia. Changes in the foveal avascular zone, also reported in diabetic maculopathy, have been shown to occur before any angiographic signs. A reduction in capillary vascular density has been reported in the fovea of eyes with malignant melanoma, but not in eyes with choroidal nevus. However, optical coherence tomography angiography is a recent technique that probably needs refinements and further studies. Nevertheless, the first 3 years of optical coherence tomography angiography use suggest its clinical relevance and useful applications in daily clinical practice.
Traveling concepts: Performative movements in learning/playing
Authors: Simpson Barbara , Tracey Rory , Weston Alia
Published: March 2018

This article examines the generative interplay between learning and playing in managing and organizing by taking a performative approach that theorizes learning/playing as an assemblage in which playing and learning emerge as co-evolving processes in practice. Addressing the methodological challenges associated with this performative approach, the learning/playing assemblage is probed using traveling concepts, which attend to the dynamic movements rather than the stabilities of organizing, functioning as proposed by Vygotsky as both a research tool and an emergent result of research. This notion of “travelling concepts” is developed empirically by engaging with Mead’s “sociality,” which he defined as the simultaneous experience of being several things at once. Three interweaving strands of sociality—relational, spatial, and temporal—are elaborated in the context of traveling with and through four artisan food production sites, each of which sought to engage differently with the esthetics and functionality of the food we consume.
Rates of Complications and Secondary Surgeries of Mini-Open Carpal Tunnel Release
Authors: Zhang Dafang , Blazar Philip , Earp Brandon E.
Published: March 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the rates and types of complications and secondary surgeries after mini-open carpal tunnel release. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed for 1,328 patients who underwent mini-open carpal tunnel release from August 2008 to July 2013. Patients were excluded for acute trauma, the index procedure being revision surgery, neoplasm, age less than 18 years, incomplete records, and postoperative follow-up less than 1 month, which yielded 904 patients who underwent 1,144 surgeries. Results: Of 1,144 carpal tunnel releases performed, 14 (1.2%) were noted to have a complication at final follow-up, with no cases of major nerve or vessel injury. Fourteen patients (1.2%) underwent secondary surgery, including 11 cases for persistent or recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome and 3 cases for infection or hematoma. Chronic kidney disease was associated with an increased risk of complication. Diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and cervical radiculopathy were associated with an increased risk of secondary surgery. Conclusions: The short-term complication and secondary surgery rates of mini-open carpal tunnel release are low. Patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and cervical radiculopathy should be counseled regarding risks of complication and secondary surgery.
Psychometric properties of the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index in pediatric localized scleroderma
Authors: Ardalan Kaveh , Switzer Galen E , Zigler Christina K , Hershey Nicole M , Torok Kathryn S
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

The Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index has been used to measure quality of life in studies of pediatric localized scleroderma, which suggested only modest effects on quality of life. However, the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index psychometric performance has not been examined in localized scleroderma and it was validated in populations lacking localized scleroderma’s distinctive clinical features, possibly underestimating the quality of life impact. This study assessed psychometric properties of the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index in a cohort of pediatric localized scleroderma patients.

Methods:

Existing Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index data from a large pediatric localized scleroderma cohort were analyzed. Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index score distributions were examined and internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha for the entire Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index and after deletion of individual items. Construct validity was assessed by calculating Spearman’s correlations between Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index scores and disease severity/impact measures. Dimensionality was examined using exploratory factor analysis with sequential item elimination.

Results:

Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index scores suggested modest adverse effects on quality of life. Internal consistency was adequate (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.727) but increased after eliminating items regarding friendships, sleep, and treatment burdens. Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index scores were not associated with physician-scored disease severity measures but were moderately associated with patient/parent assessments of disease impact. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution encompassing functional limitations, psychosocial effects, and skin symptoms/treatment burden.

Conclusion:

The Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index may capture functional and psychosocial domains of quality of life in localized scleroderma, but likely underestimates the quality of life impact given that it includes some items with limited relevance in localized scleroderma, incompletely explores skin symptoms and treatment burdens, and demonstrates limited construct validity. Further study to optimize quality of life measurement in pediatric localized scleroderma is warranted.
Oral Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors selectively block atherosclerotic plaque–triggered thrombus formation in humans
Authors: Busygina Kristina , Jamasbi Janina , Seiler Till , Deckmyn Hans , Weber Christian , Brandl Richard , Lorenz Reinhard , Siess Wolfgang
Published: March 2018

Key Points

Btk inhibitors specifically block platelet thrombus formation on atherosclerotic plaque but spare physiologic hemostasis. Irreversible Btk inactivation in platelets incapable of enzyme resynthesis allows low intermittent drug dosing for antiatherothrombosis.
Qualitative exploration of the effect of a television soap opera storyline on women with experience of postpartum psychosis
Authors: Roberts Lewis , Berrisford Giles , Heron Jessica , Jones Lisa , Jones Ian , Dolman Clare , Lane Deirdre A.
Published: March 2018

Background

Postpartum psychosis has recently been the focus of an in-depth storyline on a British television soap opera watched by millions of viewers.

Aims

This research explored how the storyline and concomitant increase in public awareness of postpartum psychosis have been received by women who have recovered from the condition.

Method

Nine semistructured, one-to-one interviews were conducted with women who had experienced postpartum psychosis. Thematic analysis consistent with Braun and Clarke's six-step approach was used to generate themes from the data.

Results

Public exposure provided by the postpartum psychosis portrayal was deemed highly valuable, and its mixed reception encompassed potentially therapeutic benefits in addition to harms.

Conclusions

Public awareness of postpartum psychosis strongly affects women who have experienced postpartum psychosis. This research highlights the complexity of using television drama for public education and may enable mental health organisations to better focus future practices of raising postpartum psychosis awareness.

Declaration of interest

GB is chair of action on Postpartum Psychosis. JH is director of action on Postpartum Psychosis. IJ is a trustee of action on Postpartum Psychosis and was a consultant to the BBC (television company) on the EastEnders storyline. CD is a trustee of action on Postpartum Psychosis, a trustee of BIPOLAR UK, vice chair of the Maternal Mental Health Alliance, and was a consultant to the BBC (television company) on the EastEnders storyline.