bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MiR-26a-1 Promotes DNA Damage Repair by Inhibiting Sirt1 and KDM5A in Human Liver Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Liyan , Li Xiaonan , Qin Rushi , Lu Yanan , Song shuting , Chen Yingjie , Xie Sijie , Jiang Xiaoxue , Lu Dongdong
Published: March 2021

Background: Although miR-26a-1 was down-regulated expressin in several cancers, the role of miR-26a-1in malignancies has yet to be systematically elucidated. Methods: RT-PCR, Western blotting and tumorigenesis test in vitro and in vivo were performed to analyze the signaling pathway. Results: miR-26a-1 inhibits the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase Sirt1 expression by targeting the 3' non-coding region of Sirt1 which enhances the acetylation modification of H4 on the 16th lysine of histone and the expression of protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT6. Therefore, miR-26a-1 promotes arginine methylation modification of POLB (R137) and histone. On the other hand, miR-26a-1 inhibits the expression of KDM5A by targeting its 3' non-coding region, which enhances the methylation modification of histone H3 ysine 4. Moreover, miR-26a-1 enhances the expression of histone methyltransferase SETD2 dependent on H3K4me3 and further increases the trimethylation modification of the histone H3 lysine 36 . Significantly, miR-26a-1 promotes the formation of DNA damage repair complex (Rad51-PARP1-ATR-ATM-hMSH6-XRCC-POLB-SKP2) via H3K36me3. In particular, it was found that miR-26a-1 inhibited the function of long non-coding RNA HULC and promoted the formation of DNA damage repair complex. Furthermore, miR-26a-1 promotes the DNA damage repair ability by promoting the DNA damage repair complex to bind to the DNA damage site, thereby inhibiting the DNA damage of liver cancer stem cells. In particular, miR-26a-1 enhanced the binding of H3F3A to Skp2, CUL1, and F-box at the DNA damage site and enhanced the protein ubiquitination modification of H3F3A, which promoted Histone H3 replaces H3F3A by degrading H3F3A, realizing the renewal of histones after DNA damage repair. It was further found that miR-26a-1 inhibited the formation and instability of DNA microsatellites by promoting DNA damage repair, thereby affecting the expression of several cyclins and protein kinases in liver cancer stem cells, such as, inhibiting CDK2 and CyclinE , CDK4, CyclinD1, CDK6, CDK8, CyclinM2, CDK15, pRB, PCNA, MAP3K2, PGK1 and promoting RB, P18, P21/WAF1/Cip1, and thus inhibited the growth of liver cancer stem cells. Strikingly, the rescued-test further confirmed that excessive Sirt1 and KDM5A abrogated the oncogenic function of miR-26a-1. Conclusions: miR26a-1 may acts as the potential biomarker and therapeutic target for liver cancer.
Malnutrition is an Independent Risk Factor for Low Health-related Quality of Life Among Centenarians
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Wang Shengshu , Liu Wei , Han Ke , Jia Wangping , Liu Guangdong , Tai Penggang , Kou Fuyin , Liu Miao , He Yao
Published: March 2021

Background: To explore the association and understand gender disparities between nutritional status and quality of life among centenarians.Methods: It was a full-sample survey of centenarians conducted in Hainan that included a total of 1,002 eligible centenarians whose age had been verified. The Mini Nutritional Assessment – Short Form (MNA-SF) questionnaire and the EuroQol five dimensions visual analog scale (EQ-5D-VAS) were used to measure participants’ nutritional status and quality of life, respectively. Findings: In the 1002 centenarians (822 women and 180 men), 797 (79·5%) reported multimorbidity. The adjusted standardized β estimate for the association between the MNA-SF and EQ-5D scores was 0·508 in the complete sample. With reference to the normal nutrition group, the standardized β estimate of the association between EQ-5D score and nutritional status were −0·179 and −0·583 for the at risk of malnutrition and malnutrition groups, respectively (both P <0·001). Nutritional status significantly affected the five dimensions of quality of life, particularly mobility and self-care. Compared with the normal nutrition group, the malnutrition group had greater odds of low mobility (Odds ratio (OR)=23·15; 95% CI: 9·81–54·64) and low self-care (OR=24·58; 95% CI: 12·62–47·89). Among males, nutritional status was significantly associated with the usual activities and anxiety/depression dimensions after adjustment. Female participants had results similar to the general population. Interpretation: Malnutrition and being at risk of malnutrition is prevalent among centenarians. Maintaining normal nutritional status is an important protective factor and should receive more attention to improve centenarians’ quality of life.
Microsurgical Resection of Foramen Magnum Meningioma: Multi-institutional Retrospective Case Series and Proposed Surgical Risk Scoring System.
Authors: Fatima Nida , Shin John H. , Curry William T. , Chang Steven D. , Meola Antonio
Published: March 2021

Purpose

Foramen magnum meningiomas (FMMs) are a major surgical challenge, due to relevant surgical morbidity and mortality. The paper aims to review the clinical (symptomatic improvement, complication rate, length of hospital stay) and radiological outcome (completeness of resection) of microsurgical resection of FMMs, and to identify predictors of complications.
Methods

A multi-institutional retrospective review of prospectively maintained database of FMMs included 51 patients (74.5% females) with a median tumor volume of 8.18 cm3 (range, 1.77–57.9 cm3) and median follow-up of 36 months (range, 0.30–180.0 months). Tumors were resected though suboccipital approach (58.8%) or transcondylar approach (39.3%).
Results

Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 80.4%, while local tumor control in 98% of cases. Clinical symptoms improved in 34 patients (66.7%) and worsened in 5 (9.8%). The median length of hospital stay was 5 days. Mortality was null. Postoperative complications developed in 15 patients (29.4%), with cerebrospinal fluid leak (7.8%) and lower cranial nerves deficits (7.8%) as the most frequent. Craniospinal location (p = 0.03), location anterior to the dentate ligament (DL) (p = 0.02), involvement of vertebral artery (VA) (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with complication rate. These three elements allow calculating the Foramen Magnum Meningioma Risk Score (FRMMRS), to estimate the risk of post-operative complications.
Conclusion

Microsurgical resection allows for high GTR rate and local tumor control rate, despite complications in one third of the patients. The FMMRS allows classifying FMMs and estimating the risk of post-operative complications.
A Siamese Network with Adaptive Gated Feature Fusion for Individual Knee OA Features Grades Prediction
Authors: Wang Kang , Niu Xin , Dou Yong , Xie Dongxing , Yang Tuo
Published: March 2021

Grading individual knee osteoarthritis (OA) features is a fine-grained knee OA severity assessment. Existing methods ignore following problems: (1) more accurately located knee joints benefit subsequent grades prediction; (2) they do not consider knee joints’ symmetry and semantic information, which help to improve grades prediction performance. To this end, we propose a SE-ResNext50-32x4d-based Siamese network with adaptive gated feature fusion method to simultaneously assess eight tasks. In our method, two cascaded small convolution neural networks are designed to locate more accurate knee joints. Detected knee joints are further cropped and split into left and right patches via their symmetry, which are fed into SE-ResNext50-32x4d-based Siamese network with shared weights, extracting more detailed knee features. The adaptive gated feature fusion method is used to capture richer semantic information for better feature representation here. Meanwhile, knee OA/non-knee OA classification task is added, which helps extract richer features. We specially introduce a new evaluation metric (top±1 accuracy) aiming to measure model performance with ambiguous data labels. Our model is evaluated on two public datasets: OAI and MOST datasets, achieving the state-of-the-art results comparing to competing approaches. It has the potential to be a tool to assist clinical decision making.
Modeling and Estimation of Cutting Forces in Ball Helical Milling Process
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Tao Kexin , Jin Tian
Published: March 2021

Milling forces play an important role in the milling process and are generally calculated by the mechanistic or numerical methods, reliable model of cutting force is very important for the simulation of milling process, which has big scientific significance to further improve machining quality. Ball helical milling technology is used to make holes based on the cutting principle of helical milling using ball end cutter, due to the influence of spherical surface machining characteristic, the modeling of cutting force in ball helical milling is difficult. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to first establish an analytical cutting force model in the ball helical milling process. Considering cutting characteristics in the axial feed, the kinematics of ball helical milling is first presented, then the chip thickness distribution in different directions along the cutting edges are predicted. Furthermore, based on the characteristics of helical milling technology and geometry shape of ball end mill and the classical mechanical cutting force model, through the study on the ball-end milling mechanics, a new relatively accurate theoretical cutting force model is established. At the same time, cutting force coefficients are identified through instantaneous force method according to the Ti-alloy experimental research result. Finally, higher simulation precision of cutting force model in ball helical milling process is received.
Effects of Medicaid Expansion on Poverty Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage
Authors: Lin Yilu , Monnette Alisha , Shi Lizheng
Published: March 2021

Background: More than 30 States have either expanded Medicaid or considering expansion. The coverage gains from this policy is well documented, however, the impacts of its increasing coverage on poverty disparity are unclear at national level.Method: American Community Survey (2012-2018) was used to examine the effects of Medicaid expansion (ME) on poverty disparity in insurance coverage for nonelderly adults in the United States. Differences-in-differences-in-differences design was used to analyze the trends in uninsured rates (UR) by different poverty levels: <138%, 138–400% and >400% federal poverty level (FPL).Results: Compared with UR in 2012, UR in 2018 decreased by 10.75%, 6.42%, and 1.11% for <138%, 138-400%, and >400% FPL. From 2012-2018, >400% FPL group continuously had the lowest UR and <138% FPL group had the highest UR. Compared with ≥ 138% FPL groups, there was a 2.54% reduction in uninsured risk after ME among <138% FPL group in ME states versus control states. After eliminating the impact of the ACA market exchange premium subsidy, 3.18% decrease was estimated. Conclusion: Poverty disparity in UR improved with ME. However, <138% FPL population are still at a higher risk for being uninsured.
Immediate Effects of Using Insoles With Various Wedges on Plantar Pressure Measurements and Comfort Level During Marching
Authors: Shirvani Hossein , Ghasemi Mohamad Hossein , Shamsoddini Alireza , Barati Kourosh
Published: March 2021

Background: Orthotic devices like insoles are widely used to improve performance. This study investigated whether immediate effects of using insoles with various wedges influence on plantar pressure measurements and comfort level during marching.Methods: Twenty five able-bodied males participated in this study voluntarily. Repeated measures analysis of variance test with a Bonferroni correction (P<0.0014) was used to compare dependent variables among nine insole wedge conditions.Results: The result of present study showed that the comfort level was non-significantly higher in the anterior and medial wedges compared to the posterior-lateral and anterior-lateral wedges during marching (P>0.0014). The peak of plantar pressure and impulse in the first to third metatarsal regions decreased in the anterior, medial and anterior-medial wedges compared to the lateral and posterior-lateral wedges (P<0.0014). In addition, a significant negative relation between the comfort level and plantar pressure measurements was observed in the second and third metatarsals and midfoot regions during marching (P<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that using anterior, medial and anterior-medial wedge for insole may have some advantage through increasing comfort sense and decreasing the risk of stress fracture injuries in the second and third metatarsal regions. These findings should be considered during designation of shoes or insoles for military environments.
Health-related Quality of Life in Patients With Recurrent Pericarditis: Results From a Phase 2 Study of Rilonacept
Authors: Lin David , Klein Allan , Cella David , Beutler Anna , Fang Fang , Magestro Matt , Cremer Paul , LeWinter Martin M. , Luis Sushil Allen , Abbate Antonio , Ertel Andrew , Litcher-Kelly Leighann , Klooster Brittany , Paolini John F.
Published: March 2021

Background: Impact of recurrent pericarditis (RP) on patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated through qualitative patient interviews and as an exploratory endpoint in a Phase 2 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of rilonacept (IL-1α/IL-1β blocker) to treat RP.Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with ten adults with RP to understand symptoms and HRQoL impacts, and the 10-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS Global) v1.2 was evaluated to determine questionnaire coverage of patient experience. The Phase 2 trial enrolled participants with active symptomatic RP (A-RP, n=16) and corticosteroid-dependent participants with no active recurrence at baseline (CSD-RP, n=9). All participants received rilonacept weekly for 6 weeks during a base treatment period (TP) plus an optional 18-week extension period (EP). Concomitant medications, including corticosteroids (CS), were tapered, if possible, during EP. HRQoL was assessed using the PROMIS Global, and patient-reported pain and blood levels of c-reactive protein (CRP) were also collected at Baseline and follow-up periods. Results: Information from qualitative interviews demonstrated that PROMIS GH concepts are relevant to adults with RP. From the Phase 2 trial, both participant groups showed impacted HRQoL at Baseline [mean PROMIS Global Physical Health (GPH) and Global Mental Health (GMH), were lower than population norm average]. In A-RP, GPH/MPH improved by end of base TP and were sustained through EP (similar trends were observed for pain and CRP). Similarly, in CSD-RP, GPH/MPH improved by end of TP and further improved at EP, during CS tapering or discontinuation, without disease recurrence (low pain scores and CRP levels continued during the TP and EP). Conclusion: This is the first study demonstrating impaired HRQoL in RP. Rilonacept treatment was associated with HRQoL improvements using PROMIS GH scores. Maintained/improved HRQoL during tapering/withdrawal of CS without recurrence suggests that rilonacept may provide an alternative to corticosteroids. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov; NCT03980522; 5 June 2019, retrospectively registered; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03980522
Prediction of Strength and Modulus of Jointed Rocks Using P-wave Velocity
Authors: Singh Mahendra , KHALKHO PHIBE
Published: March 2021

Strength and deformation characteristics of jointed rocks are important parameters for the design of many civil and mining engineering structures. These parameters are difficult to obtain from direct testing of jointed rocks, hence it is usual practice to derive them through indirect approaches. In the present study, an attempt has been made to obtain rough estimates of strength and modulus of jointed rocks through P wave velocity. Jointed specimens of a model rock were prepared for laboratory testing. Joints at different orientations and comprising of different joint roughness coefficients were used (JRC=2-4, 12-14 and 18-20). Ultrasonic P-wave velocity and UCS tests were conducted on the specimens. The effect of joint orientation and joint wall roughness on P-wave velocity was studied. An index, Joint Factor was used to quantify the effect of joint attributes on strength and modulus of jointed rock. It was observed that P-wave velocity is closely linked with Joint Factor. This study suggests a correlation to obtain Joint Factor Jf from P-wave velocity. It is recommended that this correlation may be used in the field to assess the Jf. The computed Jf may then be used to get the strength and modulus values of jointed rocks in the field. Charts are also suggested to roughly assess the shear strength parameters c and ϕ of the jointed rock.
Ggrafted antimicrobial cotton fabrics with N-halamine groups via atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Peng Panpan , Zhang Ziwen , Yang Jianjun , Wu Mingyuan , Wu Qingyun , Liu Jiuyi , Zhang Jianan
Published: March 2021

An N-halamine precursor 2-(3-(6-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)ureido)ethyl methacrylate (SCMHBMA) was synthesized and grafted on cotton fabrics via atom transfer radical polymerization for antibacterial function after chlorination. The preparation and chlorinated cotton fabrics (Cotton-g-PSMA-Cl) were characterized with FTIR, XPS, SEM, and TGA. The properties of prepared Cotton-g-PSMA-Cl, including thermal property, antibacterial efficiency, durability, and stability, were systematically evaluated. The results showed that these chlorinated Cotton-g-PSMA-Cl fabrics possessed excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. and S. aureus. After 10 washing cycles and 60 days of routine storage, active chlorine concentrations (Cl+%) were reduced only 22% and 18%, respectively, and the reduced Cl+% effectively reverted by simple rechlorination. This new N-halamine antibacterial cotton composite with superior antibacterial properties exhibited potential for future application in the long-term antibacterial field.
Conifer: Clonal Tree Inference for Tumor Heterogeneity With Single-cell and Bulk Sequencing Data
Authors: Baghaarabani Leila , Goliaei Sama , Foroughmand-Araabi Mohammad-Hadi , Shariatpanahi Seyed Peyman , Goliaei Bahram
Published: March 2021

Background: An important and effective step in cancer treatment is understanding the clonal evolution of cancer tumors. Clones are cell populations with different genotypes, resulting from the differences in the somatic mutations that occur and accumulate during cancer development. An appropriate approach for better understanding a tumor population is determining the variant allele frequency with which the mutation occurs in the entire population. Bulk sequencing data can be used to provide that information, but the frequencies are not informative enough in identifying different clones and their evolutionary relationships. On the other hand, single-cell sequencing data provides valuable information about branching events in the evolution of a cancerous tumor. However, in the single-cell sequencing data, the total population of sequenced cells is naturally much smaller than bulk sequencing so it is not precise enough for calculating cell prevalence.Result: In this study, a new method called Conifer (ClONal tree Inference For hEterogeneity of tumoR) is proposed which combines aggregated variant allele frequency from bulk sequencing data with branch evolution information from single-cell sequencing data, in order to better understand clones and their evolutionary relationships. It is proven that the accuracy of clone identification is increased by using Conifer compared to other existing methods in both real and simulated data. Also, it is shown that the approach of Conifer in using single-cell sequencing data together with bulk sequencing data has reduced the possibility of cloning mutations with similar frequency but belonging to different clones.Conclusions: In this study, we provided an accurate and robust method to identify clones of tumor heterogeneity and their evolutionary history by combining single-cell and bulk sequencing data.
The Value of Multimodality Imaging in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Lipoma
Authors: Shu Shenglei , Yuan Hongliang , Kong Xiangchuang , Wang Jiazheng , Wang Jing , Zheng Chuansheng
Published: March 2021

Background: Cardiac lipoma is a rare primary tumor in the heart and pericardium. Multimodality imaging methods, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are crucial in detecting and diagnosing cardiac lipomas. Besides, they are of significant importance in management of cardiac lipomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of multimodality imaging methods in diagnosing and treatment of cardiac lipoma by describing a series of cases of cardiac lipoma.Materials and Methods: Data of patients with cardiac lipoma at a local institution were retrospectively collected. Their imaging findings on echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), and cardiac MRI and clinical management were described in detail. Results: 12 patients with cardiac lipoma were retrospectively included with thirteen lipomas found within heart and pericardium. Two patients’ lipoma were symptomatic, while lipomas in other 10 patients were found incidentally. Most lipomas were sensitively detected with echocardiography. Accurate diagnoses were achieved with CT and MRI in all cases. Surgical resection was performed in one symptomatic patient due to the obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract, while the removal of pericardial lipoma in another symptomatic patient was not possible due to diffuse myocardial infiltration observed in MRI. Based on MRI findings, two patients without clinical symptoms also underwent surgery to prevent the risk of detachment of ventricular lipoma with a narrow pedicle in one patient and potential further thinning of the myocardium by pericardial lipoma growth in another patient. Conclusions: Cardiac lipoma could be sensitively detected and accurately diagnosed with multiple noninvasive imaging tools. Comprehensive evaluation with multimodality imaging methods should also be conducted for better management planning and follow-up in all patients.
ITGB2 as a Novel Biomarker Correlating With Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: li chanyuan , Wan Ting , Deng Ting , Cao Junya , Huang He , Liu Jihong
Published: March 2021

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is nowadays one of the malignancies in women, this study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to predict prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy.Methods: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained from online database Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)were screened via GEO2R and Venn diagram software, gene enrichment was analysed by Gene Ontology(GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG), then protein protein interaction(PPI)network and Cytoscape software were used to confirm the genes closely related to ovarian cancer. Survival analysis of hub genes were obtained from Kaplan–Meier plotter, with their differential expression in specimen validated by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and an integrated repository portal for tumor-immune system interactions (TISIDB). Finally, we used the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0 (TIMER2.0) and application Estimate the Proportion of Immune and Cancer cells (EPIC) to search the immune infiltration characteristics of the genes.Results: 355 DEGs between epithelial ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissue were screened out. These DEGs were associated with extracellular exosome, bicellular tight junction and cell-cell junction, and remarkably enriched in molecules of cell adhesion and leukocyte transendothelial migration activity. Ten hub genes were identified via protein protein interaction (PPI) network: PTAFR, HLA-DRA, OAS2, OAS3, PTPN6, LYN, VAMP8, IRF6, ITGB2, CD47. Furthermore, the Kaplan–Meier plotter was conducted, overexpression of four genes was positively connected to poor prognosis in ovarian cancer:OAS2, OAS3, ITGB2, CD47,which were also correlated with immune infiltrates in ovarian cancer and had the highest degree of correlation with tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltration, among which ITGB2 was highly correlated with TAMs infiltration level.Conclusion: ITGB2, OAS2, OAS3, and CD47 are upregulated with unfavorable prognosis in ovarian cancer, and ITGB2 may act as a novel prognostic biomarker with immune infiltration values.
Impact of Recurrence Pattern in Patients Undergoing a Second Surgery for Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Pasqualetti Francesco , Montemurro Nicola , Desideri Isacco , Loi Mauro , Giannini Noemi , Gadducci Giovanni , Malfatti Giulia , Cantarella Martina , Gonnelli Alessandra , Montrone Sabrina , Visani Luca , Scatena Cristian , Naccarato Giuseppe Antonio , Perrini Paolo , Gambacciani Carlo , Santonocito Orazio , Morganti Riccardo , Paiar Fabiola
Published: March 2021

Background. The impact of different patterns of glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence has not yet been fully established in patients suitable for a second surgery. Through the present observational study carried out at Pisa University Hospital, we aimed to examine the impact of different patterns of GBM failure on patients’ survival and second surgery outcomes.Methods. Overall survival was assessed according to clinical characteristics, including pattern of recurrence, in a prospective cohort of recurrent GBM patients. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was applied to evaluate the differences between curves.Results. Contact with ventricles, a second surgery and meningeal spread had a statistically impact on patient survival after the diagnosis of GBM recurrence (P=0.032, P=0.019 and P<0.01, respectively). Patients with local recurrence had better survival than patients with non-local ones, 24.1 versus 18.2 months, respectively (P=0.015, HR=1.856 (1.130 -3.050). Considering the cohort as a whole, the second surgery conferred an advantage in recurrent survival respect to non-operated patients. However, this advantage was more evident in patients with local recurrence (P=0.002 with HR 0.212 (95% CI 0.081-0.552) and P=0.029 with HR=0.522 (95% CI 0.291-0.936), respectively). Conclusions. The local recurrence pattern could be a promising field of interest for patients with recurrent GBM suitable for a second surgery.
Exosomal Myeloperoxidase as a Biomarker of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Han Yafei , Wang Xinjia , Bai Xiaochun
Published: March 2021

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) often occurs following major orthopedic surgery. In this study, we investigated specific exosomal proteins as potential diagnostic biomarkers of DVT.Methods: Proteomic analysis of exosomes from four DVT patients and healthy controls(n = 4) was performed by mass spectrometry. The model animals were evaluated at 1 (IVCL-1D), 3 (IVCL-3D) and 7 (IVCL-7D) days after inferior vena cava ligation (IVCL). Endothelial cells in the thrombus segment were examined using TUNEL assays and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in the damaged vessel was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Exosomes were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and cell proliferation was estimated using CCK-8 assays.Results: Totaliy, 78 differentially expressed proteins (38 downregulated and 40 upregulated) were identified in the DVT group. In the rat DVT model, endothelial cells were damaged continuously after thrombosis, with the most serious injury in the IVCL-3D group, after which signs of endothelial repair were apparent. The IVCL-1D group showed the highest levels of vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and MPO increased sharply in the IVCL-1D and IVCL-3D groups, but had almost disappeared in the IVCL-7D group. In co-culture, plasma exosomes isolated from DVT model rats were efficiently absorbed by HUVECs, with markedly lower HUVEC growth and higher levels of apoptosis in the IVCL-1D and IVCL-3D groups compared with the control group.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Exosomes may be involved in endothelial cell injury during DVT. The exosomal protein MPO is a potential biomarker of early stage DVT.
The Effect of Conventional Versus Electronic Cigarette Use on Treatment Outcomes of Peri-Implant Disease
Authors: Jasser Reham AL , Zahid Mohammed , Sarhan Mohammed Al
Published: March 2021

Background: Treatment outcomes associated with the peri-implant diseases are significantly influenced by individual habits. Several studies identified smoking as one of the important risk factors associated with ineffective treatment outcomes. The present study aims to compare changes in periodontal clinical parameters between conventional and electronic cigarette smokers with non-smokers. It further evaluates changes of salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1 β, IL-6, MMP-8 and TIMP1) after treating peri-implantitis. Participants were divided into three groups: conventional cigarette smokers, E-smokers and non-smokers; each consisting of 20 participants. Results: Findings of the study indicated that the change in gingival color from red to pink is significantly higher in cigarette smokers and non-smokers when compared with electronic smokers (p=0.043). The gingival consistent changed to be firm in cigarettes smokers and non-smokers. The prevalence of PI, BOP and PD it has reduced across the groups of cigarette and smokers over the four intervals of observation. Besides, no statistically significant difference with the means values of KTW. The level of MMP-8 at baseline of three groups had reduced but increased marginally at sixth month and at the completion of one year among cigarette and e-smokers. The mean IL-6 values had significantly reduced, except for electronic smoking. The IL-1 β values had significantly increased in all groups. The increase of TIMP-1 values in non-smokers is higher at all the three-time points. Conclusion: All clinical parameters show enhancement post treatment. However, salivary biological biomarkers (MMP-8, IL-1 β and IL-6) have shown a decline in all groups treated.
Post-extubation Oxygenation Strategies and Mortality and Reintubation Rates in Acute Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yasuda Hideto , Okano Hiromu , Mayumi Takuya , Narita Chihiro , Onodera Yu , Nakane Masaki , Shime Nobuaki
Published: March 2021

Background: High-flow nasal cannula oxygenation (HFNC) and noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) possibly decrease tracheal reintubation rates better than conventional oxygen therapy (COT); however, few large-scale studies have compared HFNC and NPPV. We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the effectiveness of three post-extubation respiratory support devices (HFNC, NPPV, COT) in reducing the mortality and reintubation risk.Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Ichushi databases were searched. COT, NPPV, and HFNC use were assessed in patients aged ≥16 years who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation for >12 hours for acute respiratory failure and were scheduled for extubation after spontaneous breathing trials. The GRADE Working Group Approach was performed using a frequentist-based approach with multivariate random-effects meta-analysis. Short-term mortality and reintubation and post-extubation respiratory failure rates were compared. Results: After evaluating 4,631 records, 15 studies and 2,600 patients were included. The main cause of acute hypoxic respiratory failure was pneumonia. Although NPPV/HFNC use did not significantly lower the mortality risk (relative risk [95% confidence interval], 0.75 [0.53–1.06] and 0.92 [0.67–1.27]; low and moderate certainty, respectively), HFNC use significantly lowered the reintubation risk (0.54 [0.32–0.89]; high certainty) compared with COT use. The associations of mortality with NPPV and HFNC in either outcome did not differ significantly (short-term mortality and reintubation, relative risk [95% confidence interval], 0.81 [0.61–1.08] and 1.02 [0.53–1.97]; moderate and very low certainty, respectively).Conclusion: NPPV or HFNC use may reduce endotracheal reintubation risk, but not short-term mortality risk.Trial registration number and date of registrationPROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020139112, 01/21/2020).
Pouteria sapota (Red Mamey Fruit): Chemistry and Biological Activity of Carotenoids
Authors: Rao K.S. , Lakey-Beitia Johant , Vasquez Velmarini , Mojica-Flores Randy , Fuentes C. Arelys L. , Murillo Enrique , Hegde Muralidhar L.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Red mamey fruit known as P. sapota, comes from trees found in Mesoamerica and Asia. This fruit is considered a nutraceutical food due to it’s a food and has multiple beneficial health including anti-amyloidogenic activity and potential anti-tumorigenic property. Red mamey fruit contain a variety of carotenoids including novel ketocarotenoids such as sapotexanthin and cryptocapsin. A ketocarotenoid is a chemical compound with a carbonyl group present in the β-ring or in the double bond chain of a carotenoid. In red mamey, the 3'-deoxy-k-end group in sapotexanthin has proved to be an important pro-vitamin A source, which is essential for maintaining a healthy vision and cognitive processes.

Objective:

Summarize the chemistry and biological activity of the studied carotenoids present in this fruit until now.

Method:

An exhaustive extraction is the most usual methodology to isolate and thoroughly characterize the carotenoids present in this fruit. High performance liquid chromatography is used to determine the profile of total carotenoid and its purity. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization is used to determine the molecular weight of carotenoid. Nuclear magnetic resonance is used to determine the structure of carotenoids.

Result:

For each 100 g of fresh weight, 0.12 mg of total carotenoid from this fruit can be obtained. Out of the more than 47 reported carotenoids in red mamey, only 34 have a detailed characterization.

Conclusion:

it is important to continue studying the chemical composition and biological activity of this unique tropical fruit with commercial and nutritional value.
Inhibitory Effects of Some Bryophytes on Glutathione-S -Transferase
Authors: Kocazorbaz Ebru K. , Un Rabia N. , Erdag Adnan , Zihnioglu Figen
Published: March 2021

Background:

Nine extracts from selected Bryophytes, A. californica, B.
pomiformis B. stricta, C. conicum, F. antipyretica var. gracilis, G. lisae, L. sciuroides,
M. polymorpha, T. barbuloides were investigated for their total phenolic content
and glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitory activity.

Methods:

The flavonoid and phenolic content of nine extracts from Bryophytes were
estimated by aluminium chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The sheep liver fraction
incubated with or without plant extracts and the activity GST was assayed using
reduced glutathione (GSH) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) secondary substrate.

Results:

These results indicate the potential use of A. californica, C. conicum, G. lisae, M. polymorpha,
and T. barbuloides can be regarded as promising candidates for natural plant sources of GST inhibitory
effects.

Conclusion:

These plants can be examined in order to isolate and identify the active ingredients, and
this may serve as a foundation to find safer and more effective agents for therapeutic use.
Preparation and Characterization of 5-Fluorouracil Loaded Nanogels for Skin Cancer Treatments: In Vitro Drug Release, Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake Analysis
Authors: Rathore Swati , Rajoriya Vaibhav , Kushwaha Varun , Jain Sanyog , Kashaw Sushil K.
Published: March 2021

Objective:

The present study aimed to explore the in-vitro anticancer potential of 5-fluorouracil
(5-FU) loaded PLGA nanogels coated with nerolidol sesquiterpene.

Methods:

The emulsification-solvent evaporation technique was used for the preparation of plain
PLGA nanogels (PNGs) and 5-FU loaded PLGA nanogels (FPNGs). A surface coating of Nerolidol
(2%) sesquiterpene was employed to improve the penetration efficacy of the nanogels into the
stratum corneum.

Results:

The nanogels formulation FPNGs have the size range 220±0.25% nm obtained by dynamic
light scattering. The entrapment efficiency of approx ~ 42% with a sustained-release pattern for
24 h was estimated at different pH ranges. The cell uptake and localization profile were revealed
by confocal microscopy analysis using the HaCaT cell line. MTT assay demonstrated the cell compatibility
of nanogels, confirmed by apoptosis assay depicting the apoptotic index of 0.87.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that FPNGs are a promising nanogels system against skin cancer
that can be used to boost the chemo-therapeutic efficiency of bioactives with sustained and controlled
release at the desired site.
El matrimonio de conveniencia o complacencia como problema jurídico en el fenómeno migratorio
Authors: Mocholi Ester
Published: March 2021

El fenómeno migratorio trae aparejados varios problemas de carácter social que indicen de manera directa e indirecta en el derecho, en función del tratamiento que se le dé a estos aspectos por la normativa interna e internacional, se producen situaciones de hecho que pueden suponer un riesgo por la discordancia de lo que refleja el Registro Civil, y en consonancia, para la legalidad de la situación. Uno de estos supuestos es el caso del matrimonio de complacencia. Así pues, en este artículo se analiza la última reforma legislativa, y se cuestiona su problemática sobre la base de los supuestos de hecho analizados por las sentencias más importantes de los últimos 10 años en la jurisdicción española.
Emblemática e iconografía virreinal. Las apuestas de Diego León Pinelo y Francisco De Ávila (Lima, siglo XVII)
Authors: Carmona Jiménez Javiera
Published: March 2021

En el Virreinato del Perú la emblemática funcionó como un sistema intertextual que establece conexiones entre modelos de emblemas ya consagrados y el uso compartido de símbolos, frases latinas y composiciones que dialogan, pero también se oponen y divergen de las tradiciones simbólicas occidentales. El Hypomnema apologeticum pro Academia Limensi, del jurista Diego León Pinelo (1608-1671), y el Tratado de los Evangelios, del extirpador de idolatrías y canónigo de la Catedral de Lima, Francisco de Ávila (1573- 1647), ambos publicados en Lima en 1648, poseen cada uno anteportadas que se analizan centrado en el conjunto visual conformado por imágenes alegóricas y emblemas y sus contextos de producción. La retórica visual virreinal revela que no solo se orientó a exaltar el poder y política monárquica y contrarreformista, sino también a desarrollar la afirmación identitaria de los autores contratantes de los grabados. Paradójicamente, ambas imágenes pueden ser vistas como un fracaso en distintos niveles, pero también como el triunfo en la lucha simbólica que implica toda afirmación identitaria que se realiza al quedar fijada en la memoria su retórica verbo-visual que no pocos podían descifrar.
Comunicando un desastre. Un mapa, diversos mensajeros y las noticias imperiales de una sublevación indígena (Arauco, 1598-1610)
Authors: Araneda Riquelme José
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo se analiza cómo se comunicó el llamado “Desastre” de Curalaba y la muerte del gobernador Martín Oñez de Loyola, en manos indígenas en 1598. A través de un mapa de 1610, que buscó representar el desastre y la consecuente sublevación indígena, se intenta dar cuenta de los problemas de comunicación e información del Chile a inicios de siglo. Mediante diversos agentes, con informaciones cruzadas entre Lima, Santiago de Chile y Madrid, se fue construyendo tanto una imagen del infortunio como una forma de diagnóstico de la situación y proyectar la reversibilidad del fracaso militar . Así, los mensajeros y procuradores comunicaron y representaron la desgracia de Chile en la corte, donde el Virrey tuvo una voz protagonista.
Theoretical Justification of the Dermatoglyphics Use As Basic Identification Method
Authors: Dunayev Oleksandr , Gunas Igor , Popadynets Oksana , Kozoviy Ruslan , Kindrativ Elvira
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the main literature sources providing a holistic view of the state and issues of studying the issue related to the possibility of using the dermatoglyphic research method for identification purpose; it is about external recognition, behavioral, psychological identification. The main directions of application of the dermatoglyphic method, providing the study of this issue, are highlighted. Problematic issues related to the areas of application of the dermatoglyphic method have been studied and further prospects for its study have been outlined.
Integrating intersectionality into autonomy: Reflections on feminist bioethics and egg freezing
Authors: De Proost Michiel
Published: March 2021

The field of bioethics struggles with the complexity of diversity and power differences. ‘Intersectionality in Clinical Medicine: The Need for a Conceptual Framework’ (Wilson et al., 2019) and its accompanying commentaries, though inventive and thought-provoking, overlook key principles of biomedical ethics. In this paper, I reflect on the debate and consider how an intersectional approach could inform normative theorizing. Traditional principlist reasoning leads to serious problems when we are trying to deal with the complexities of intersectionality, and this is especially true if we look at the principle of autonomy. I develop the idea that intersectionality is more in line with feminist inquiry in bioethics that attempts to reconfigure autonomy. However, feminist critiques of autonomy often remain less than thoroughly engaged with intersectionality. The case of social egg freezing is used to further support this claim. By foregrounding an intersectional approach to the existing relational autonomy claims in this debate, the complicated relational and justice concerns of reproduction are better brought into focus.
Constructs and contradictions of mothering identities as experienced by new mothers in the postnatal period in a contemporary urban setting
Authors: Machirori Mavis
Published: March 2021

The postnatal transition to mothering is experienced in a range of ways, and brings with it diverse emotions and reflections on one’s own identity and the anticipated (spoken or not) actions that should accompany those identities. Accounts of mothering highlight some difficult and contested ideals and behaviours that new mothers have to work through. Based on empirical work conducted with new mothers from a west London borough, I will show how most mothering practices and behaviours appear to continue to be in constant battle with institutional, social and cultural expectations. The paper highlights how participants navigated those contested ideals and behaviours, judging themselves and other mothers, thereby feeding into a cycle of idealistic mothering. By embracing or challenging conceptions, a mothering identity emerges as a way for new mothers to legitimate their own feelings and seek agency while also trying to fit into a perception of what makes good mothering.
INTEGRASI NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER BANGSA PADA KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Ghufron Anik
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The Integration of the Nation’s Character Values into IntructionalActivities. One of the crucial problems in the national education system is themoral problem. There is evidence that indicates a moral crisis among students. Thisshows that educational institutions fail to prepare graduates with good morality.To solve this problem, the nation’s character values need to be integrated in theimplementation of the formal curriculum. By doing so, teachers can help studentsto actualize each learning domain through the competency formulation and thestudents can simultaneously carry out relevant moral actions. Integrating thenation’s character values into the curriculum can be done in three stages:introduction, implementation, and evaluation. Each stage can improve students’good characters based on the formulation of the competency standard. Such anintegration has implications for schools, teachers, parents, and students.Keywords: integration, nation’s character values, instructional activities
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXPLORING LOCAL WISDOM FROM YOUTUBE: AN INVESTIGATION ON THE INDONESIAN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS’ DANCE PERFORMANCE ACROSS GENDER
Authors: Astuti Fuji
Published: March 2021

Technology-based media can increase students’ motivation more than equipping their teaching materials with traditional ones. This article aims to describe the difference between the dance performance of students taught by exploring local wisdom from YouTube and those who are taught by the conventional method. This quasi-experimental study describes whether local wisdom and technology via YouTube can effectively increase Indonesian students’ dance performance at the higher education level. A number of 205 students participated in this research. A dance performance test, two scoring rubrics, and a questionnaire were used. The result of statistical analysis shows that exploring the values of local wisdom from YouTube videos can give a significant effect on students’ dance performance with sig. = .000. In terms of gender, there is a significant difference between female and male students after being taught by exploring local wisdom from YouTube videos (sig. = .000). Moreover, females also achieve better than males in terms of creativity including fluency, flexibility, elaboration, and originality of their dance products. The results of the questionnaire reveal that students appreciate and feel helped by integrating local wisdom and YouTube videos in the choreography course and agree that the values of local wisdom direct their dance performance in terms of movement, attitude, costume, and creativity.
THE 5E INQUIRY LEARNING MODEL: ITS EFFECT ON THE LEARNING OF ELECTRICITY AMONG MALAYSIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Ong Eng Tek , Govindasamy Devi , Swaran Singh Charanjit Kaur , Ibrahim Md Nasir , Abdul Wahab Norwaliza , Borhan Mohamad Termizi , Tho Siew Wei
Published: March 2021

The effectiveness of the 5E Inquiry Learning Model as compared to the teacher-centred traditional method on science achievement in electricity was examined in this study. The quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group research design was utilized. A total of 65 students (33 and 32 students in the experimental and the control groups, respectively) from two Year 5 intact classes in Malaysia participated in this study. A test comprising 54 dichotomously scored items with overall KR-20 reliability of 0.84 was used in the pretest and posttest. Given the significant difference in the pretest and posttest, it was presumed that the analysis could be done using the ANCOVA. However, on further analysis, the assumption for homogeneity of the regression slope was violated and ANCOVA could not be performed. Instead, the covariate was categorized into two equally-spaced categories (i.e., low and average achievers) and further t-test supported the equivalency of the experimental and control groups. When analyzed using the t-test, the two groups differed significantly in the posttest means across the two categories of students. These findings unequivocally indicate the effectiveness of employing the 5E Inquiry Learning Model in enhancing students’ science achievement among the low and average achieving students.