bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Threats to UNESCO-Designated World Heritage Sites: Empirical Evidence from Konso Cultural Landscape, Ethiopia
Authors: Assen Yimer Mohammed , Kura Abiyot Legesse , Dube Engida Esayas , Mensuro Girma Kelboro , Debelo Asebe Regassa , Gure Leta Bekele
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate temperature and rainfall variations and their effects on the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Konso cultural landscape, Ethiopia, using dense merged satellite–gauge-station rainfall data (1981–2020) with a spatial resolution of 4 km-by-4 km and observed maximum and min temperature data (1987–2020), together with qualitative data gathered from cultural leaders, local administrators and religious leaders. The Climate Data tool (CDT) software version 8 was used for rainfall- and temperature-data analysis. The results showed that the north and northeastern regions of Konso had significant increases in rainfall. However, it was highly variable and erratic, resulting in extreme droughts and floods. The study confirmed that there were significant (p < 0.05) increasing trends in the number of days with heavy rainfall, very-heavy rainfall days, and annual total wet-day rainfall (R10 mm, 20 mm, and PRCPTOT). The highest daily minimum temperature, lowest and highest daily maximum-temperature number of warm days and nights, and number of cold days and nights all showed significant rising trends. The increasing trends in rainfall and temperature extremes have resulted in flooding and warming of the study area, respectively. These have led to the destruction of terraces, soil erosion, loss of life and damage of properties, loss of grasses, food insecurity, migration, loss of biodiversity, and commodification of stones. The continuous decline in farmland productivity is affecting the livelihood and traditional ceremonies of the Konso people, which are helpful for the transfer of traditional resource-management knowledge to the next generation. It is therefore necessary to implement local-scale climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies in order to safeguard the Konso cultural landscapes as a worldwide cultural asset and to bolster the resilience of smallholder farmers.
On the Properties of the Modified λ-Bernstein-Stancu Operators
Authors: Lin Zhi-Peng , Torun Gülten , Kangal Esma , Kantar Ülkü Dinlemez , Cai Qing-Bo
Published: September 2024

In this study, a new kind of modified λ-Bernstein-Stancu operators is constructed. Compared with the original λ-Bézier basis function, the newly operator basis function is more concise in form and has certain symmetry beauty. The moments and central moments are computed. A Korovkin-type approximation theorem is presented, and the degree of convergence is estimated with respect to the modulus of continuity, Peetre’s K-functional, and functions of the Lipschitz-type class. Moreover, the Voronovskaja type approximation theorem is examined. Finally, some numerical examples and graphics to show convergence are presented.
Systems Thinking of Marine Policies in Promoting Environmental Law, Sustainability, and Digital Technologies: Social Challenges in Belt and Road Initiative Countries
Authors: Wu Xiaoping , Khaskheli Muhammad Bilawal
Published: September 2024

The success of marine environmental regulations in terms of social challenges in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries is the main subject of this study, which compares and contrasts them with an eye toward sustainability, the integration of digital technologies, environmental law, and reducing ecological degradation. Environmental solid governance is essential as BRI countries increase their marine activity, an important part of the world economy by systems thinking; the marine industry includes a broad range of operations about the ocean and its resources through social challenges to promote environmental legislation in terms of emissions in the countries participating in the BRI. This study evaluated the effects of institutional quality and technical advancements in marine policies between 2013 and 2024. This project aims to examine how various policy contexts relate to marine conservation, how well they comply with international environmental regulations, and how digital technology can improve the monitoring and implementation of policies through systems thinking. This study aims to determine common obstacles and best methods for enforcing marine policies by examining research from different BRI countries. The results deepen our understanding of how these policies can be best utilized to meet sustainable development objectives while preventing the degradation of marine ecosystems due to economic growth and business.
Improving Guest and Owner Satisfaction through a Circular Economy: An Agritourism Case Study
Authors: Tavares de Carvalho Paula , Raimundo Ricardo Jorge , Dias Lopes José
Published: September 2024

This study examines the role of agritourism in developing strategies to promote a circular economy by applying the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) and improving guests’ satisfaction. It contributes to filling the gap in the literature regarding the challenges posed, impact evidence, potential trade-offs, and socioeconomic considerations for the application of the 3Rs strategy in small tourism businesses. Interviews with hotel owners/hosts and guests were conducted through mainly qualitative methods, and the content was analyzed. This study reports on a case study conducted with a convenience sample of customers from a rural tourism company in Portugal to assess their position concerning the company’s 3Rs strategy. The case study reveals that common categories—hosts, breakfast, decoration, environment, and comfort—appreciated by guests align with the 3Rs practices. It was found that being environmentally responsible, taking part in the circular economy, and interacting with it can improve not only the satisfaction of guests but also hosts, thus creating memorable experiences for both. This study also shows that the position of customers regarding the 3Rs is not monolithic, with reusing and recycling emerging most prominently. This study shows that, in this context, a circular economy is feasible, provides tangible benefits, and successfully combines operational efficiency and guest convenience. This study also shows that it is possible to establish a successful tourism supply strategy based on a circular economy, particularly the 3Rs. Still, this strategy should not look at the 3Rs as if they were a uniform reality.
Green Infrastructure as a Sustainability Strategy for Biodiversity Preservation: The Case Study of Pantanos de Villa, Lima, Peru
Authors: Esenarro Doris , Vasquez Patricia , Acosta-Banda Adán , Raymundo Vanessa
Published: September 2024

Currently, the lack of adequate spaces for raising awareness among the population, coupled with disorderly urban growth, has led to an increase in water pollution from solid waste and the disruption of natural habitats in Villa Marshes. Therefore, this research focuses on implementing green corridors for the study of birdlife and environmental education, aiming to raise awareness about the importance of preserving this ecosystem. Various methodologies were employed, including climate analysis, characterization of flora and fauna, and bioclimatic design strategies supported by specialized software. The feasibility of this proposal was compared with other similar projects, emphasizing community importance. As a result, a network of green corridors was designed, including environmental education and visitor centers, along with the implementation of renewable energies to enhance energy efficiency. The main conclusion is that integrating renewable energies into the conservation of Villa Marshes offers a unique opportunity to promote a balance between human development and environmental protection.
Review of the Effects of Antiviral Therapy on Hepatitis B/C-Related Mortality and the Regression of Fibrosis
Authors: Sinclair Stephen , Shearen Sean , Ghobrial Youssef , Trad George , Abdul Basit Syed , Shih David , Ryan John K.
Published: September 2024

Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are viral causes of Hepatitis that lead to significant worldwide mortality and morbidity through the sequelae of fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we have summarized recent studies that have examined the effects of antiviral therapy on the regression of fibrosis and the reduction in mortalities associated with the viruses. Antiviral therapy significantly decreases mortality and induces the regression of fibrosis.
COVID-19 in Relation to Polypharmacy and Immunization (2020–2024)
Authors: Puigdellívol-Sánchez Anna , Juanes-González Marta , Calderón-Valdiviezo Ana , Valls-Foix Roger , González-Salvador Marta , Lozano-Paz Celia , Vidal-Alaball Josep
Published: September 2024

Background: Observational studies reported worse COVID-19 evolution in relation to polypharmacy and reductions in COVID-19 hospital admissions and death in patients receiving chronic antihistamine treatment. The current profile of hospitalized patients with regard to different variants was analyzed to identify specific targets for future prospective trials. Methods: COVID-19 admissions to the Hospital of Terrassa (11 March 2020–28 August 2024 (n = 1457), from the integral Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa population (n = 167,386 people) were studied. Age, gender, the number of chronic treatments (nT), and immunization status were analyzed. Results: After 5 May 2023, 291 patients (54% females) required COVID hospitalization. Of these, 39% received >8 nT (23% receiving 5–7 nT), 70.2% were >70 years, and 93.4% survived. In total, 12% of patients admitted after 5 May 2024 were not vaccinated, while 59% received ≥4 vaccines (43% within the last 12 months). In total, 49% of admitted patients presented no previous infection (while 3% presented infection during the last year). Delta or Omicron variants would have accounted for ≥80% of admissions > 60 years compared to the first pandemic wave if no vaccines existed. Conclusions: Patients > 70 years who receive ≥5 nT, without prior COVID-19 infections, should be the priority for prevention, with updated vaccination and early treatments to reduce hospitalizations.
A New Licensed Quadrivalent Antileptospiral Canine Vaccine Prevents Mortality, Clinical Signs, Infection, Bacterial Excretion, Renal Carriage and Renal Lesions Caused by Leptospira Australis Experimental Challenge
Authors: Bouvet Jérôme , Segouffin Cariou Carine , Oberli Frantz , Guiot Anne-Laure , Cupillard Lionel
Published: September 2024

Background: L. Australis is one of the most prevalent Leptospira strains infecting dogs, leading, in natural conditions, to severe life-threatening cases. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the onset and duration of immunity (OOI and DOI) induced by a new licensed quadrivalent antileptospiral vaccine (EURICAN® L4) including four Leptospira components (Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Australis) against L. Australis. To this end, a severe L. Australis challenge model was developed, using a canine strain recently isolated from the field. Material and Methods: Seven- to ten-week-old puppies received two doses of the vaccine four weeks apart and were challenged with an L. Australis isolate two weeks (OOI) and 12 months (DOI) later. Mortality, clinical signs, leptospiremia, leptospiruria, renal carriage, and renal lesions were assessed after challenge. Results: The challenge induced multiple severe clinical signs in controls, leading to the death or euthanasia of 83% of puppies and 57% of adults. In controls, leptospiremia was detected in all dogs, leptospiruria in 67% of puppies and 86% of adults, kidneys tested positive for Leptospira in 83% of puppies and 71% of adults, and kidney lesions were observed in 100% of puppies and 86% of adults. In addition, thrombocytopenia associated with increased concentrations of urea, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase was recorded in controls displaying severe clinical signs. In both OOI and DOI studies, none of the vaccinates had clinical signs, no Leptospira was detected in blood, urine, and kidney samples, and no kidney lesions were observed in vaccinates. No significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters in vaccinates were recorded. Conclusion: EURICAN® L4 was shown to induce quick and long-lasting protection against a severe L. Australis infectious challenge, preventing mortality, clinical signs, infection, bacterial excretion, renal lesions, and renal carriage.
Reproducibility Assessment of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to Detect Anti-HPV16 L1-Specific IgG1, IgG3, IgA, and IgM Antibodies
Authors: Matsui Ken , Hempel Heidi Anne , Shelton Gloriana , Ocampo Rebecca , Kemp Troy J. , Pan Yuanji , Pinto Ligia A.
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been used to measure anti-human-papillomavirus (HPV) immunoglobulin IgG. The goal of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of ELISAs measuring different HPV immunoglobulin isotypes, IgG1, 2, 3, and 4, IgA, and IgM, against HPV16. Methods: Seventy-two serum samples collected from participants in the Costa Rica HPV Vaccine Trial (CVT) and immunized with bivalent HPV vaccine (2vHPV) were used for reproducibility assessment. IgG2 and IgG4 levels were too low to be detected. Levels of IgG1, IgG3, IgA, and IgM were measured, and the data were used to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CVs). Results: CVs were assessed between technicians (12.8–22.7%) and across days (6.2–30.6%). The overall CVs ranged from 7.7–31.1%. IgM ELISA showed higher CVs (15.8–31.1%) than IgG1, IgG3, and IgA (6.2–22.7%). All ICC values were >98.7%. IgG3 was detected in all samples, while IgG1 and IgA had >86.3% detectability and IgM had 62.1% detectability. Pearson correlational analyses between different antibodies all showed significant correlations (p ≤ 0.001), except when comparing IgGs or IgA to IgM (p = 0.29–0.53). Conclusions: Our data showed that these ELISAs are reproducible and detect isotype antibodies to HPV16 L1 across a range of concentrations in 2vHPV-vaccinated participants.
Assessing Autonomous Emergency Braking: A Robust Approach Using Phenomenological Sensor Models
Authors: Maschke Jan Enno , Preu Victor , Plenter Malte , Schoenawa Stefan
Published: September 2024

The assessment of driver assistance system effectiveness in crash scenarios can be conducted through simulations. This approach allows for system improvements and contributes to overall road safety. However, it is important to recognize that simulations are an approximation of reality. Specifically, simulation models can significantly impact the results. In our work, we focus on sensor models that provide environmental information to driver assistance systems. Real-world sensor data differ from idealized simulation data due to measurement errors and environmental influences. We evaluate various sensor models for their applicability in simulating effectiveness assessments. Our research is implemented using the open-source platform openPASS. We investigate the impact of inaccurate sensor data on the effectiveness of an autonomous emergency braking system based on longitudinal traffic crashes from the German In-Depth Accident Study database. To achieve this, we compare stochastic phenomenological models with ideal sensor models. In the evaluation of the modeled autonomous emergency braking, we observed a major influence on the effectiveness due to the less accurate, more realistic sensor data. This evaluation approach enables early optimization of the considered driver assistance system’s robustness against inaccuracies.
Uncertainty Quantification in Rate Transient Analysis of Multi-Fractured Tight Gas Wells Exhibiting Gas–Water Two-Phase Flow
Authors: Wu Yonghui , Zheng Rongchen , Ma Liqiang , Feng Xiujuan
Published: September 2024

The production performances of fractured tight gas wells are closely related to several complex and unknown factors, including the formation properties, fracture parameters, gas–water two-phase flow, and other nonlinear flow mechanisms. The rate transient analysis (RTA) results have significant uncertainties, which should be quantified to evaluate the formation and fracturing treatment better. This paper provides an efficient method for uncertainty quantification in the RTA of fractured tight gas wells with multiple unknown factors incorporated. The theoretical model for making forward predictions is based on a trilinear flow model, which incorporates the effects of two-phase flow and other nonlinear flow mechanisms. The normalized rates and material balance times of both water and gas phases are regarded as observations and matched with the theoretical model. The unknowns in the model are calibrated using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), which applies an ensemble of multiple realizations to match the observations and updates the unknown parameters step by step. Finally, a comprehensive field case from Northwestern China is implemented to benchmark the proposed method. The results show that the parameters and rate transient responses have wide ranges and significant uncertainties before history matching, while all the realizations in the ensemble can have good matches to the field data after calibration. The posterior distribution of each unknown parameter in the model can be obtained after history matching, which can be used to quantify the uncertainties in the RTA of the fractured tight gas wells. The ranges and uncertainties of the parameters are significantly narrowed down, but the parameters are still with significant uncertainties. The main contribution of the paper is the provision of an efficient integrated workflow to quantify the uncertainties in RTA. It can be readily used in field applications of multi-fractured horizontal wells from tight gas reservoirs.
Survival and Swimming Performance of Small-Sized Gobiidae Implanted with Mini Passive Integrated Transponders (PIT-Tags)
Authors: Nyqvist Daniel , Schiavon Alfredo , Ashraf Muhammad Usama , Candiotto Alessandro , Palazzi Adriano , Parolini Marco , Comoglio Claudio
Published: September 2024

Telemetry techniques are important tools in freshwater fish ecology but are limited by the size of the fish in relation to the size of the electronic tags. The emergence of very small PIT tags (8 mm, mini PIT tags) opens the door to study the individual movement and behavior of small-sized fish species and life stages previously outside the scope of fish telemetry. Although high survival from mini PIT tags have been shown in some groups of fish, suitability assessments are lacking for many taxa, and potential behavioral effects have rarely been evaluated. Here, we evaluate the survival tagging effects in small-sized (35–76 mm) Padanian goby (Padogobius bonelli) implanted with mini PIT tags. PIT-tagging was associated with high survival and tag retention in the tagged fish. No effects of PIT-tagging on volitional swimming activity nor on maximum swimming speed were found. Similar results were obtained implanting larger tags (12 mm) in gobies down to 50 mm in length. Our results indicate that PIT telemetry—using mini PIT tags—is applicable for the study of behavior and movement in small-sized gobies.
The Sandwich-Structured PVA/PA/PVA Tri-Layer Nanofiltration Membrane with High Performance for Desalination and Pollutant Removal
Authors: Cai Weibin , Wang Yuzhe , Li Yuannan , Ye Hong , Xiao Fuyuan , Wang Lei , Gai Hengjun
Published: September 2024

Nanofiltration (NF) has become a widely used technology in water treatment due to its environmental friendliness, energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operational simplicity. However, polyamide (PA) NF membranes still face challenges, including low permeate flux, limited resistance to organic pollutants, and inadequate resilience to residual chlorine. To address these issues, this study developed a thin-film composite (TFC) NF membrane featuring a separation layer of sandwich structure. Initially, a single separation layer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) NF membrane was prepared, followed by the fabrication of a PA layer on its surface, and ultimately, a second PVA layer was constructed on the PA layer. The experimental results show that the PVA/PA/PVA sandwich structure TFC exhibits high permeability to pure water and robust resistance to both pollution and residual chlorine. The PVA-0.20/PA/PVA-0.20 TFC, prepared with a 0.20%w/v PVA solution, achieved a pure water flux of up to 22.05 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 (LMH/bar), which was 2.92 times higher than that of the control TFC membrane. Additionally, it demonstrated a salt rejection rate exceeding 96% for Na2SO4 and over 99% for Congo Red (CR) and Victoria Blue B (VB). In comparison with the control TFC membrane, the PVA-0.20/PA/PVA-0.20 membrane exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to pollution. Following immersion in a 1000 ppm NaClO solution for 4 h, the rejection rate of the control TFC membrane decreased markedly and that of the PVA-0.20/PA/PVA-0.20 membrane decreased marginally, indicating excellent resistance to residual chlorine. Due to the robust overall performance of the PVA/PA/PVA membrane, it holds potential advantages for application in treating reclaimed water or slightly polluted water.
Sonoplasma Frequency Tuning of Electric Pulses to Modulate and Maximise Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
Authors: Mikhalev Egor , Kamler Anna , Bayazitov Vadim , Sozarukova Madina , Nikonov Roman , Fedulov Igor , Mel’nik Elena , Ildyakov Alexander , Smirnov Demid , Volkov Mikhail , Varvashenko Dmitry , Cravotto Giancarlo
Published: September 2024

The wastewater problem is becoming an increasingly significant environmental issue affecting various aspects of human activities. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in water through certain physicochemical processes, which can oxidise or degrade various organic and chemical compounds, offers an effective purification method. The main advantage of these methods is the elimination of chemical reagents. The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of regulating the ROS content in water by altering the characteristics of the plasma discharge that occurs under hydrodynamic cavitation in the water flow. The ROS concentration was determined using the permanganate oxidation titration technique. It was found that the content of various reactive oxygen species in water after treatment can be controlled by varying the power of the electrical pulses applied. Additionally, this study obtained the dependence of the ROS concentration in treated water samples on storage time, with results indicating that sonoplasma treatment has a prolonged effect on the antibacterial properties of water. The analysis of water samples using a biological test culture of Salmonella typhimurium revealed the bacteriostatic properties of the water for at least 48 h after sonoplasma discharge treatment.
The Role of Stigma in LGBTQIA+ Youth in Rural and Urban Areas
Authors: Stevenson Erin , Sandman Gregory R. , McGinn James
Published: September 2024

The stigma experienced by LGBTQIA+ youth in middle school and high school is commonly linked to poor mental health and academic success, but little is known about its potential long-term impact. It was hypothesized that stigma levels would differ based on geographical location, with rural youth experiencing higher stigma levels compared to urban youth. This IRB-approved exempt research design collected anonymous survey data from college students at a mid-south public university. The sample included a total of 94 respondents, with 63 from rural areas and 31 from urban areas. Experiences of internalized, enacted, and perceived stigma were assessed with rating scales. No statistically significant differences were found between rural and urban youth, with both groups reporting high levels of internalized, enacted, and perceived stigma. Rural youth reported experiencing more discrimination or attacks at school and fewer LGBTQIA+ school resources but slightly higher family support. Urban youth were more likely to be out to family members and felt safer at school. Comparatively, more rural youth reported experiencing anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts in the past 30 days than urban youth. A moderate correlation was found between perceived and internalized stigma. This study provides insight into the pervasive nature of LGBTQIA+ stigma, regardless of geographical location.
Optimization of the composition and technology for the production of flotation tablets of sitagliptin with modified release
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia, Vinogradov V. P. , Blynskaya E. V. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of the study of the influence of critical material attributes and process parameters for obtaining modified release sitagliptin floating tablets, as well as the optimization of the factor values using the surface response method and the generalized desirability function. In accordance with the three-factor three-level Box-Behnken plan, the tests of dosage forms were carried out, the values of the quality attributes - «floating lag time», the coefficient of determination of compliance with the kinetics of the zero-order release model, total release, tablet hardness, tablet friability and «total flotation time» were established. Based on the established dependencies, the optimal composition and values of the technological process parameters for obtaining floating tablets were determined. The dosage forms of the final composition and technology demonstrated an endpoint release of 95.27 ± 0.72%, dissolution kinetics consistent with a zero-order model (R2 = 0.9868), a «floating lag time» of 37.45 ± 4.36 s, and a «flotation time» exceeding 240 min (4 h).
Theoretical and practical features of lyophilization of drugs (literature review)
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Antonova T. V. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba",   , Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

The article examines the theoretical and practical features of the application of the method of drug lyophilization. Relevance. To increase the shelf life of many natural products and slow down the rate of irreversible changes due to physical, chemical, or biological factors, the scientific community has developed a number of methods, including freezing, chemical stabilization, sterilization, and others. However, the application of each of them has its limitations. Lyophilization is one of the most effective methods of processing unstable compounds, which helps to extend their shelf life and preserve biological activity. This is a high-tech process that requires careful identification and adjustment of certain parameters for its successful implementation. The basis of efficiency is the experimental determination of key characteristics, including temperature, pressure, and drying time. It is these factors that directly affect the quality and stability of the final product. The purpose of the article is to highlight the theoretical and practical aspects of using the lyophilization technique to increase the effectiveness of various drugs. The article presents a scientometric analysis of foreign and Russian scientific publications in the field of lyophilization of drugs. Search engines made it possible to generate and analyze an array of 20 publications indexed in the databases eLibrary, Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as presented online. The result of the study is a review of the presented scientific and practical research on the chosen topic; the author's conclusions are given. Some difficulties that arise when carrying out lyophilization are highlighted, and experiments in this direction are presented.
Possibilities of thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction with ST
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Gantsgorn E. V. , Safronenko A. V. ,   Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, dean of the Faculty of Treatment and Prevention, FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Maksimov M. L. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the FSBEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia;Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy and Medical Chemistry, FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Baloyan A. A. ,   Faculty of Pediatrics, FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Malleev I. M. ,   Faculty of Treatment and Prevention, FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Manvelyan R. M. ,   Faculty of Treatment and Prevention, FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: September 2024

For a long time, the global medical community has been discussing the issue of the strategic role of thrombolytic pharmacotherapy and percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Today, based on the results of large studies, the European Society of Cardiology recommends preferring invasive tactics to thrombolysis in case of infarction complication by cardiogenic shock or severe heart failure, regardless of the duration of the delay associated with the organization of endovascular intervention. Meanwhile, STEMI remains a frequent and lifethreatening condition requiring immediate reperfusion, and therefore, the sequential use of both tactics, as well as thrombolytic therapy alone, is actively being discussed, especially in areas where there is no hospital with the technical capability to perform endovascular dilation of the affected vascular segment. In this regard, the thrombus may remain the only pathogenetic link for action to restore myocardial blood supply. Recent studies of specific fibrinolytic agents have demonstrated good prospects and safety of alteplase and tenecteplase, in particular. Thus, given the already proven effectiveness of thrombolysis, as well as its speed of action and ease of implementation, in our opinion, further in-depth study and modification of approaches to the use of this group of drugs in clinical practice is necessary.
Genes polymorphism of beta-casein (CSN2) and kappa-casein (CSN3) in dairy cattle (review)
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Agrarian Center”, Russia, Stavropol Territory, Shpakovsky district, Mikhaylovsk, Kononova L. V. , Evlagina D. D. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Agrarian Center”, Russia, Stavropol Territory, Shpakovsky district, Mikhaylovsk, Kovaleva G. P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Agrarian Center”, Russia, Stavropol Territory, Shpakovsky district, Mikhaylovsk, Surzhikova E. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Agrarian Center”, Russia, Stavropol Territory, Shpakovsky district, Mikhaylovsk, Lapina M. N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Agrarian Center”, Russia, Stavropol Territory, Shpakovsky district, Mikhaylovsk, Smirnova L. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Agrarian Center”, Russia, Stavropol Territory, Shpakovsky district, Mikhaylovsk
Published: September 2024

Milk productivity is a quantitative and qualitative indicator that results from the interaction of the animal’s genotype and environmental factors. The main aim of dairy farming is to optimize milk production, and the selection and reproduction of animals with the most desirable genotypes serve as the basis for any selection process associated with the genetic improvement of them. Cow’s milk contains four different types of caseins: alphaS1-, alphaS2-, beta- and kappa. These variants are expressed by autosomal codominant genes with multiple allelic variants and are all located on chromosome 6. Studying the effect of milk protein polymorphisms on milk production will allow a better understanding of its genetic components. The purpose of the work was to summarize the scientific material on the polymorphism of beta-casein (CSN2) and kappa-casein (CSN3) genes in dairy cattle, obtained by domestic and foreign scientists in recent years of DNA research. The literature review has been presented by the analysis and generalization of scientifi c data obtained on the problem under study. When preparing the analytical review, the search for material was carried out in the following databases: Elibrary, GoogleScholar, cyberleninka and cnshb. Thirty three 33 literary sources were analyzed, which was an indicator of a deep analysis of the situation on the problem under study. The analysis showed that in different regions of the Russian Federation studies were being conducted on the identification and real use of the CSN2 and CSN3 genes in the selection process to improve the protein characteristics and technological properties of milk. The data presented indicate the presence of a correlation between the fat and protein content in cows’ milk with different allelic states of the marker genes under consideration.
FORMATION OF MICROMOSAICS FROM ENAMEL GRAINS
Authors: Lebedeva Tatiana V. , Galanin Sergey I.
Published: September 2024

The paper investigates the possibility of creating micromosaics using grains from hot enamels. Enamel grain is made from pieces of crushed hot enamels that acquire a spherical shape during firing in a muffle furnace. The mosaic image is formed by densely laying out on a metal base with an adhesive layer of spherical enamel grains of the same or different diameters in the range of 0,4–5 mm in accordance with the artistic idea. Enamel grain has a wide color palette, beautiful luster, hardness, durability and other advantages characteristic of hot enamels. All this makes enamel grain a very promising material for mosaic work. With its help, it is possible to form relief patterns, images, ornaments with a bright artistic expressiveness that are diverse in subject matter and coloristics. The method allows you to expand the possibilities of decorative enameling and the range of jewelry and art products.
DESIGN ILLUSIONS OF “DIRECT” CASTING
Authors: Silyanov Alexander O. , Galanin Sergey I.
Published: September 2024

The paper deals with the peculiarities of the technology of jewelry molding using “direct” casting, its advantages in comparison with traditional investment casting. It is shown that the unique possibilities of “direct” casting technology have created conditions for the formation of a new trend in the design of jew-elry, confirming the inseparable connection between design, material and technology of jewelry making. It is shown on specific examples that the design of the products is unusual and has the peculiarity of visually giv-ing the products airiness and lightness, apparent massiveness at relatively low weight, which was previously difficult or impossible when using other molding technologies. It is shown that the obvious advantages of the considered technology are so obvious that it begins to dominate in the manufacture of exclusive jewelry.
ARCHITECTURE OF THE BOT DESIGNER APPLICATION FOR BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Skachkov Daniil V. , Lustgarten Yuriy L.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the problem of building an application architecture for the effective integration of bots into business processes. The authors analyze the possibilities of developing bots using the popular Telegram messenger. The analogues of the three main bot constructors (Batman, PuzzleBot and SAMBOT) are evaluated, which allows us to determine their advantages and disadvantages. Various architectural approaches, including N-layer, hexagonal, onion and pure, are considered in order to choose the most suitable for this task. Finally, a structured solution is proposed for the back-end of the application on .NET using ASP.NET . The proposed approach ensures effective integration of bots into business processes thanks to a carefully thought-out architecture.
PHOTOJOURNALISM AS A MEANS OF REALIZING STUDENTS' CREATIVE ACTIVITY DURING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Studenov M. Yu. , Gorbunov I. S.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the role of photojournalism in the realization of creative activity of students during the educational process. The key aspects of creative activity related to photojournalism are highlighted, such as the ability to create strong visual narratives, perceive and interpret events through the camera lens, as well as the ability to select and process materials to create informative and emotionally saturated photo reports. The methods and principles of teaching that contribute to the activation of creative thinking and the development of professional skills among students are considered. The possibilities of using photojournalism in the educational process for the purpose of motivating and developing students are discussed, and the importance of adapting classical principles of didactics to take into account the needs of the modern media space and the individual characteristics of students is emphasized. The conclusions emphasize the need to use innovative teaching methods that contribute to the improvement of the personality and professional training of students in the field of photojournalism.
THE IDIOCONCEPTUAL SUBSYSTEM OF MIKHAIL LEVIDOV: "SIMPLE TRUTHS"
Authors: Gavrilov A. S.
Published: September 2024

The article describes, analyzes and interprets the implicit meanings of M. Yu. Levidov’s journalism, a Soviet literary critic and publicist, using the example of the collection "Simple Truths". By deciphering the journalistic and internalized subjective discourses, the analysis of the collection "Simple Truths" is carried out, followed by the definition of Mikhail Levidov's basic conceptual ideas about the role of culture in the formation of public consciousness. The relevance of the research is due to the representativeness of the conceptual ideas about mass communication found in the material under study to modern columnism, a characteristic feature of which is the subjectivization of the narrative. The study of Levidov's articles allows us to take a fresh look at the process of meaning-generating representation of a publicist and, based on the data obtained as a result of steganalysis, verify the established ideas about Levidov's personality and his role in Russian science. A study of M. Yu. Levidov's creativity allows us to study his journalistic experience of the past and apply the method of deconstruction as a critical analysis in the study of modern journalism. The concepts of the publicist not only do not lose their significance, but in terms of the comparative historical method complement modern ideas about the mechanisms of journalistic discourse as a system of informing and influencing the audience.
Ein tiefer Blick in die Haut von Kindern: Line-Field konfokale optische Kohärenztomographie
Authors: del Río Sancho Sergio , Comte Krieger Emilie , Laubach Hans-Joachim , Christen-Zaech Stéphanie
Published: September 2024

In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurden in der Dermatologie nichtinvasive Bildgebungsmethoden für Anwendungen in der Forschung, Diagnostik und Behandlung von verschiedenen Hauterkrankungen entwickelt. Sie erlauben eine detaillierte Untersuchung der Epidermis und Dermis, die präzisere Erkennung eines zu biopsierenden Bereichs und eine Abgrenzung der zu exzidierenden Hautläsionen.
L’eczéma atopique : une pathologie au-delà de la peau
Authors: Comte Krieger Emilie , del Río Sancho Sergio , Christen-Zaech Stéphanie
Published: September 2024

L’eczéma atopique (EA) est une atteinte cutanée chronique qui se caractérise par une xérose cutanée, un prurit et des poussées inflammatoires récurrentes.
La tomographie par cohérence optique confocale en champ linéaire : visualisation approfondie de la peau des enfants
Authors: del Río Sancho Sergio , Comte Krieger Emilie , Laubach Hans-Joachim , Christen-Zaech Stéphanie
Published: September 2024

De nouvelles méthodes d’imagerie non invasives destinées à la recherche, au diagnostic et à la prise en charge de diverses maladies cutanées ont été développées ces dernières décennies. Grâce à elles, nous sommes en mesure d’examiner l’épiderme et le derme en détail, d’identifier plus précisément les zones à biopsier et de guider la délimitation des lésions cutanées à exciser.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA UMA GESTÃO EFICIENTE ORÇAMENTO, COMPRAS E CUSTOS
Authors: Piantino da Camara Thiago , Sheremetieff Junior Alexandre
Published: September 2024

Effective cost and budget management plays a crucial role in the construction industry, directly influencing the success and sustainability of projects. This article explores the relevance of these elements to the financial challenges faced by the construction sector, highlighting the need for a strategic approach in response to competitiveness, fluctuations in material prices and the growing demand for sustainable practices. The analysis of a case study on construction prices using as an example variations in budgets related to steel for the construction of a retaining wall in Teresópolis, highlighting the savings resulting from the careful analysis of supplier proposals. Common challenges in managing costs, budgets and purchasing are discussed, such as variations in prices, changes in project scope and the identification of suitable suppliers. The conclusion highlights the effectiveness of the supplier proposal analysis method, highlighting the general cost reduction and significant impacts on the material category, such as steel. This approach proves to be essential to promote economic efficiency and informed decision-making in project management in civil construction.
AN INVESTIGATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATIONS AND FUTURE EXPECTATIONS OF FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STUDENTS
Authors: Güler Sıdıka , Keklik Belma
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinin girişimcilik eğilimlerinin ne olduğu ve bu eğilimin kariyer beklentilerini nasıl etkilediği üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Girişimcilik eğilimini ölçmek için Yılmaz ve Sünbül'ün (2009) "Üniversite Öğrencileri Girişimcilik Ölçeği"; kariyer planlaması için ise Dağlı'nın (2019) kullandığı kariyer planlama ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. SPSS 25.0 programı ile t-testi, ANOVA, Tukey HSD çoklu karşılaştırma testleri, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Normal dağılım gösteren veriler %95 güven aralığında ve p
Soft power and its implications for political book cover designs
Authors: Mazin Qassem Zahraa , Taha Yassin Iman
Published: September 2024

يعد الفن احد الابعاد الناعمة في ممارسة القوة والتأثير على المتلقي، لانه بعد بمثابة مرأة حقيقية تعكس ثقافة الدولة ومدى تطورها. والفن جزء من الثقافة الذي يعد أحد أدوات القوة الناعمة ويعد التصميم احد اجزاء الفن و الذي من خلاله يستطيع المصمم ايصال فكرة معينة أو رسالة إلى المتلقي والتأثير على افكاره ومعتقداته بصورة مباشرة او اغير مباشرة، من خلال الاعمال التصميمية التي يتم توظيفها بأفكار تخدم المجتمع وتحقق الغايات المطلوبة. اذ ان اعتماد دولة على قوتها العسكرية فقط، أياً كانت قدراتها وحداثتها، يمثل خصماً من التأييد الدولي لها ومساندة مواقفها، لذا لم تغفل القوى الكبرى تاريخياً عن الاهتمام بقوة الخطاب الإعلامي والفني والثقافي في محاولة كسب الرأي العام الدولي من خلال الوصول إليه والتأثير فيه بقوة المنطق. ومن هنا تجد الباحثة التساؤل الاتي: ما دور انعكاسات القوة الناعمة على تصاميم اغلفة الكتب السياسية؟
A study on usefulness of neural network equalizer to reduce impact of amplitude fluctuations in magnetic tape
Authors: Nishikawa Madoka , Nakamura Yasuaki , Okamoto Yoshihiro
Published: September 2024

As digital data grows explosively year after year, magnetic tape devices, with their high reliability and long-term storage capacity, are widely used for backup and archiving. Magnetic tape devices with larger capacity are required, and it is necessary to improve track density. We have previously constructed a simulator that considers inter-track interference due to narrower tracks in barium ferrite (BaFe) magnetic tape drives and evaluated its performance. In this study, we develop a simulator which more accurately models the experimental data, considering amplitude fluctuations caused by the problem of poor tape running, and discuss the usefulness of a neural network equalizer to reduce the effects of amplitude fluctuations. As a result, we show that applying the neural network equalizer is useful in reducing the impact of amplitude fluctuations caused by the problem of poor tape running.
Achievement of technological sovereignty in the context of ensuring Russia’s economic security in the conditions of sanctions
Authors: Plotnikov A. V. , Plotnikov V. A.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To develop a methodology for assessing technological sovereignty in the context of ensuring Russia’s economic security under sanctions.

   Objectives. To analyze domestic theoretical developments in the field of technological sovereignty research; to identify the relationship between political and economic turbulence caused by sanctions, technological sovereignty and national economic security; to describe the author’smethodology for assessing technological sovereignty in the context of ensuring Russia’s economic security under sanctions.

   Methods. The study used general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, analogies, expert evaluations. Special methods, including content analysis of economic publications, index method, economic and statistical modeling, structural analysis of economic indicators, methods of multi-criteria decision-making, scaling of economic indicators, etc., were applied.

   Results. Based on the results of the research, a new methodology for assessing the level of technological sovereignty as an element of national economic security under the impact of non-economic shocks has been developed. The methodology is realized by working out the following actions: 1) selecting the industry to assess the level of technological sovereignty (at this step of the methodology it is recommended to select only critically important industries); 2) decomposition of technologies used in the industry (for this purpose it is recommended to use the taxonomy of technological sovereignty projects of VEB.RF); 3) expert assessment of the level of technological independence of primary processes (the assessment is carried out on a ten-point scale, where 0 corresponds to full technological import dependence, 10 - to full technological import-independence); 4) assessment of the level of technological independence of primary processes (the assessment is carried out on a ten-point scale, where 0 corresponds to full technological import dependence, 10 - to full technological import-independence); 4) assessment of the level of technological sovereignty of primary processes).

   Conclusions. Technological sovereignty in the conditions of increasing anti-Russian sanctions and political and economic turbulence serves as an important element in the system of ensuring national economic security. To assess the level of technological sovereignty the corresponding methodology is proposed. The results obtained from its application allow to develop and implement a set of measures to maintain technological sovereignty at the necessary level.