bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of the financial resources management system of tourist enterprises and methodological approaches to the analysis of the efficiency of their productivity
Authors: IVASHCHENKO Anna , BABIIETS Vladyslav , BLORINA Anastasiia
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the conceptual basis of financial resources management of tourism enterprises. The essence of economic efficiency of tourist enterprises is revealed from the following aspects: definition of standards and efficiency indicators; their impact on the enterprise; process of management of financial resources of tourist enterprises. The system of management of financial resources for tourist enterprises is considered. Formulation of the problem. The current stage of economic development of the management of the financial system of tourism enterprises is becoming increasingly important, as financial resources are the main resources for the survival and development of enterprises.
The purpose of the paper is to develop financial resource management systems for tourism enterprises and the main ways to improve it; in addition to studying the problems and generalizing the concepts related to the effective functioning of the tourism industry. It opens up new options for possible directions of development.
Presentation of research material. In enterprises, financial resources are the object of financial management. One of its tasks is to make a number of decisions on the formation and operation of the best structure of financial resources to increase the company's profits. This method requires a lot of work on the analysis, as well as the results of the assessment of various situations: the state of the structure and use of financial resources; resource requirements and methods of resource use.
Based on the findings of the analysis to develop several forecasts of financial resource management models. The modern set of indicators makes it possible to analyze the internal and external forms of economic efficiency. The practical significance of the obtained results can improve the quality of economic analysis of the efficiency of travel companies.
Risk insurance of agricultural enterprises
Authors: ANTYPENKO Nadiia , USHOVA Mariia
Published: November 2020

The paper is devoted to the interpretation and analysis of risk insurance of agricultural enterprises. Agricultural insurance is one of the most specific types of insurance, because a huge number of natural factors and emergencies (drought, floods, sudden changes in air temperature, humidity, and insect pests) are constant and inevitable risks of any agriculture. They cause considerable financial losses, and therefore such a sector of the economy must find reliable opportunities to protect against them. One of the risky types of insurance is agricultural risk insurance. This type of insurance is an important means of reducing the degree of risk in agriculture. The paper considers the peculiarities of the functioning of the agricultural segment of the insurance market in foreign countries. The possibility of attracting and adapting foreign experience of state financial support to the insurance market of Ukraine within the framework of basic insurance models is determined. The purpose of the study is to study and generalize risks in insurance, insurance models, foreign experience in agricultural production, development of recommendations for improving insurance operations for public financial support in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, taking into account foreign experience. Risk in agriculture is seen as a threat or possibility to deviate from the expected results of activities or decisions made from the planned ones. The paper also considers the experience of working with foreign countries on this issue.
The purpose of the paper is to study the theoretical aspects of risk insurance that arise in the implementation of business activities in agriculture, justification of ways to improve the legislative and financial influence of the state in this process. The purpose of state assistance is to develop insurance infrastructure, standardize insurance conditions, reduce the cost of insurance products for agricultural users and improve the quality of insurance products. So, the main task for insurers of Ukraine is to gain and maintain a decent reputation and provide effective insurance services. Today, the state is trying to improve and stabilize the situation in the agricultural sector, for example, it involves the practice of providing state support in insurance of agricultural products (providing from the state budget to agricultural producers in the form of subsidies to reimburse part of the insurance payment actually paid for them).
Use of rating methodology for evaluation of the financial condition of the enterprise
Authors: CHERNIAIEVA Anna , KONDRATENKO Anastasiia
Published: November 2020

Introduction. A necessary condition for effective corporate finance management, rational use of enterprise resources is a reliable and comprehensive evaluation of the financial condition of the enterprise. In the modern practice of financial management, the problem of qualitative and quantitative justification of management financial decisions is solved through the widespread use of information about the financial condition of enterprises, which are the main subjects of economic relations.
The purpose of the paper is to research of essence and features of use of a rating evaluation of a financial condition of the Ukrainian enterprises in modern economic conditions
Results. There are many methods for evaluation the financial condition of an enterprise: balance methods, express analysis, efficiency analysis, bankruptcy evaluation, rating evaluation, integrated evaluation. The choice of method of conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the financial condition of the enterprise depends on a number of factors: type of economic system, the degree of development of market relations, the peculiarities of the balance sheet and other forms of reporting, industry characteristics, type of activity, form of ownership of the enterprise, etc. We recommend the rating evaluation of the financial condition of the enterprise. The methodology of rating evaluation of the financial condition of the enterprise is based on an integrated approach; indicators of profitability, liquidity, financial independence and financial stability of the enterprise, and also data on efficiency of use of financial resources and production potential of the enterprise are used at its construction. Calculations of indicators of the financial condition of the enterprise according to the rating assessment method were carried out on the basis of the data of the company's public financial statements for the period 2017–2019. According to the results of calculations, the enterprise received a score of 0.615 points, which corresponds to the AA rating.
Conclusion. The use of rating assessment of the financial condition of the enterprise is an effective tool of financial analysis, which allows to obtain a final evaluation of the financial and economic activities of the investigated enterprise.
Analysis and assessment of the state of economic security of the region
Authors: KORNIIENKO Tetiana , CHVERTKO Liudmyla , VINNYTSKA Oksana
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Formation of the market relations during the years of Ukraine's independence has significantly affected the economic condition of the state. There have been radical changes in property relations, forms and methods of the state regulation, development priorities at both the state and regional levels. In general, this has led to instability in the internal and external economic environment and the emergence of new problems related to the further economic development of the country. The list of such problems includes ensuring of the economic security of the state and a particular region.
The purpose of the paper is timely detection and neutralization of internal and external threats and dangers that affect the level of the economic security of the region will ensure its stable and most effective functioning at a certain time and high potential for development in future.
Results. The use of the proposed algorithm for formation of the state of the economic security of Cherkasy region will not only identify and neutralize threats and risks but also ensure sustainable development of the region.
Conclusion. Based on the conducted research, we have developed a mechanism for managing the economic security of the region, which has five stages and allows you to take into account all the requirements for solving the problem of the economic security of Cherkasy region. The main condition for ensuring sustainable development of the region and achieving positive results of financial and economic activity is the formation of an effective mechanism of economic security, which should be aimed at protecting the enterprise from internal and external threats and dangers. It is advisable to form an effective mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the region, which would fulfill a certain set of tasks. Therefore, the definition of the effectiveness of solving issues of economic security formation is proposed to be implemented on a comprehensive basis. It should be done by the evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of certain elements of the mechanism and functional components of economic security, the comprehensive assessment of the company compliance with the state of economic security and the assessment of the company effectiveness from the standpoint of sustainable development.
Analysis of compliance with economic standards by Ukrainian banks
Authors: KREMEN Viktoriia , KREMEN Olha , KOLOS Viktoriia , SKOBLENKO Tetiana
Published: November 2020

Effective functioning and productive development of the banking system is a necessary condition for Ukraine’s economic development. Therefore banking supervision is an integral element of maintaining stability in the banking system. The National Bank of Ukraine implements this task by establishing regulatory and legal support for banking activities and establishing economic standards for banking activities.
The paper is devoted to studying the essence of banking supervision and the establishment and monitoring of economic standards of banking as a direction of its providing, as well as assessing the level of compliance with economic standards by Ukrainian banks. The paper presents the primary economic standards that banks operating in Ukraine must comply with.
The calculation of the integrated indicator is based on the values of the following standards: capital – the minimum size of regulatory capital, sufficiency (adequacy) of regulatory capital, the sufficiency of fixed capital; liquidity; credit risk – the maximum amount of credit risk per counterparty, large credit risks, the maximum amount of credit risk for transactions with persons related to the bank; investment – investing in securities separately for each institution, the total amount of investment.
A methodical approach to calculating the integrated indicator of compliance with economic standards in banking is proposed. The main stages are the following: standardization of normative values, the formation of a reference vector, calculation of Euclidean distances, and determination of values of the integral index.
In 2017, the integrated indicator of compliance with economic banking standards increased significantly, increasing from 0.16-0.23 in February and March to 0.60 in August. In 2018, the compliance with economic standards by Ukrainian banks was as a whole at a higher level 0.50-0.60.
Urgensi Penguatan Kesadaran Pelajar tentang Perannya sebagai Hamba untuk Mengatasi Perilaku Tercela
Authors: Nugraha Dera , Ahmad Nurwadjah , Suhartini Andewi
Published: November 2020

This study aims to find the causes of akhlak madzmumah (despicable behavior) among students as well as to present the idea of a solution. By employing the literature review method, the results of this study indicate that the cause of the many occurrences of such morals is due to Tauhid (Islamic monotheism) education that has not touched the awareness of students, especially about the nature of their main role as a servant of Allah. Humans as special creatures have provisions as well as additional tasks, namely fitrah and ibadah. Fitrah cannot guarantee that humans become good people by themselves, because some negative things around them can cover them up, so that the education is needed to help humans to always cling to and develop their nature. It is also important to strengthen ibadah so that one can act as a true servant of Allah. Thus, despicable behavior can be avoided by students on the basis of this awareness. 

Keywords: Consciousness, fitrah, role, servant of Allah, student.  

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan penyebab timbulnya akhlak madzmumah (perilaku tercela) di kalangan pelajar sekaligus menyuguhkan gagasan solusinya. Dengan menggunakan metode kajian pustaka, hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penyebab masih banyak terjadinya perilaku tercela adalah karena pendidikan Tauhid yang belum menyentuh kesadaran peserta didik, utamanya tentang hakikat peran utama mereka sebagai seorang hamba Allah. Manusia sebagai makhluk istimewa memiliki bekal sekaligus tugas tambahan, yakni fitrah dan ibadah. Fitrah tidak dapat menjamin manusia menjadi orang baik dengan sendirinya, karena beberapa hal negatif di sekelilingnya bisa menutupi, maka di sanalah pendidikan diperlukan untuk membantu manusia agar selalu berpegang teguh dan mengembangkan fitrahnya. Penting juga untuk memperkuat ibadah dan menjauhi segala perbuatan yang menimbulkan dosa agar dapat  berperan sebagai hamba Allah yang sesungguhnya. Dengan demikian, perilaku tercela dapat dihindari para pelajar atas dasar kesadaran tersebut.

Kata kunci: Fitrah, hamba Allah, kesadaran, pelajar, peran.
THE EFFECT OF GLUCOAMYLASE ON VARIOUS TYPES OF STARCH IN THE NATIVE STATE
Authors: Borodina Z.
Published: November 2020

Was conducted a study of low-temperature hydrolysis of various types of starch in the native state: corn, corn amylopectin, pea, wheat and rice starches. Were establidhed different susceptibility of starches to the action of the enzyme glucoamylase, changes in the physical and chemical properties of samples after hydrolysis.
BIOCONVERSION OF PLANT CELLULOSE-CONTAINING WASTES TO THE BIOMELIORANTS FOR AGRICULTURE
Authors: Sadanov A.
Published: November 2020

A bioconversion of plant cellulose-containing wastes (wheat and rice straw and etc.) was developed with cellulolytic bacteria Bacillus cytaseus. The process was carried out by solid state fermentation with oxygen hypossia, including the mixed type fermentation of carbohydrates. The application of a fermented product as a biomeliorant for agriculture is more effective than the traditional use of crop wastes.
PROSPECTS FOR USING BIOTECHNOLOGICAL METHODS TO INCREASE THE POTENTIAL OF BEESWAX AS A STRUCTURAL OLEOGEL WAX
Authors: Sarkisyan V. , Frolova Y.
Published: November 2020

The characteristics of individual fractions of beeswax and their binary combinations, reflecting the potential for the formation of structural forming properties in food oleogels, have been studied. Increasing the efficiency of beeswax usage in oleogels can be achieved by biotechnological means to increase the content of free fatty acids and alcohols in its composition.
GEOCHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN DEVELOPMENT OF NOWADAY BIOTECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Ermakov V. , Kovalsky Yu.
Published: November 2020

The fundamental and applied problems of geochemical ecology of microorganisms are considered. Examples of modern innovations in the field of biotechnologies with the use of microorganisms for obtaining trace element preparations, prevention of biogeochemical endemias and microelementhoses are given.
THE STRAIN GORDONIA SP. 135 — PROMISING DIBENZOTHIOPHENE DEGRADER
Authors: Vetrova A.
Published: November 2020

The genes supposedly involved in dibenzothiophene (DBT) degradation were identified in the genome of Gordonia sp. 135. The efficiency of DBT degradation was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography after strain cultivation in mineral medium (without sulfur) with glucose (hexadecane) as a carbon source at 28°C.
ANAMMOX PROCESS CONTROL BASED ON ANALYSIS OF ANAMMOX ACTIVATED SLUDGE METAGENOME
Authors: Mardanov A. , Ravin N. , Callistova A. , Grachev V. , Berestovskaya Yu. , Nikolaev Yu.
Published: November 2020

Based on the analysis of the metagenome of the community of activated sludge microorganisms that implements the process of anoxic oxidation of ammonia (Anammox), it was concluded that folate and formate should increase the stability and efficiency of the Anammox process, which was confirmed in the course of this work.
DETERMINATION OF THE REACTION OF WINTER WHEAT ON METHODS AND RATES OF PROCESSING BY BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Pavlovskaya N. , Gagarina I. , Gorkova I.
Published: November 2020

The influence of biological treatment methods of seeds and crops of winter wheat on the characteristics of growth, development, accumulation of cryoprotectants and crop quality is studied.
STUDY OF THE ACTIVITY OF ALCOPERIT DRUG ON PLANT GROWING OBJECTS
Authors: Shtaufen A. , Volkov M. , Devrishov D. , Blokhin Y.
Published: November 2020

The work is devoted to study of the effectiveness of aerosol disinfection with «Alcoperit» drug for growing crops and it safety for plants.
PREPARATIONS OF BACTERIAL PROTEASES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES WITHOUT BITTERNESS
Authors: Sereda A. , Velikoretskaya I. , Mineeva D. , Tsurikova N.
Published: November 2020

The effect of the neutral and serine proteases ratio in enzyme preparations (EP) on the bitterness of casein hydrolysates was studied. Bacillus subtilis 359 strain producing proteolytic complex with a serine to neutral protease ratio similar to Neutrase was selected from VNIIIPBT strains collection. The preparation from B. subtilis 359 culture liquid provides obtaining protein hydrolysates without bitterness.
INNOVATIONAL DISINFECTANT «AVERDEZ» AS A FACTOR FACILITATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GENETIC POTENTIAL OF PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS
Authors: Glukhova P. , Mirzaev M. , Kylitsa M.
Published: November 2020

The work is devoted to studying the possibility of using the new complex disinfectant «Averdez» as one of the factors contributing to the realization of the genetically inherent potential of quail productivity. As follows from the data obtained, when using for the sanitation of the air environment of the poultry house drug «Averdez» has a biocidal effect on harmful microorganisms and insects at the same time, this contributes to the intensification of bird development.
NEW FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENT FROM SPINACH LEAVES
Authors: Zorin S. , Sidorova Y. , Mazo V.
Published: November 2020

The technological approach is presented for the production of functional food ingredient with adaptogenic properties including the following stages: ultrafiltration, concentration via reverse osmos and chromatography.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF OBTAINING FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS BASED ON THE CONVERSION OF FOOD PRODUCTION BIORESOURCES
Authors: Rimareva L. , Overchenko M. , Ignatova N. , Pogorzhelskaya N. , Polyvanovskaya D. , Abramova I.
Published: November 2020

Structural changes of the yeast cell Saccharomyces cerevisiae that occur under the action of enzymes with different substrate specificity were studied and the possibility of obtaining fermentolizates with a given structural-fractional composition and functional properties to create enriched products was shown.
THE NEW TECHNOLOGY OF FUNCTIONAL EGG BASED PRODUCTS ENRICHED WITH POLYPHENOLS
Authors: Mazo V. , Klimenkova A. , Kropacheva E. , Perova I.
Published: November 2020

The results of the development of new technology of functional egg based foodstuffs enriched with polyphenols from cranberries are presented. The optimal ratio of cranberry juice to egg albumen was determined providing reasonable concentration of highly bioavailable anthocyans in the resulting product. The profile of the individual anthocyans sorbed on the albumen was determined. The influence of incubation temperature on the concentration of anthocyans sorbed on the coagulated egg albumen was studied.
DETERMINATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE RECOMBINANT HUMAN LACTOFERRIN IN MILK OF TRANSGENIC GOATS AND PROTEIN FRACTIONS ISOLATED FROM MILK
Authors: Sviridov O.
Published: November 2020

Specific immunoreagents for the immunoassay technologies of recombinant human lactoferrin in food and biotechnological products have been obtained and characterized.
This work was financially supported by the State program of scientific research «Chemical technologies and materials» for 2016 – 2020 years.
ON THE TRAINING OF STUDENTS ON THE USS 19.00.00 "INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY AND BIO-TECHNOLOGY" ON THE SYSTEM OF 2 Q 2
Authors: Solomonov V.
Published: November 2020

The option of building a basic educational program in the direction of biotechnology training is proposed
Axiological Problems of Statutory Interpretation
Authors: Kotowski Artur
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses the question of axiological determinants of statutory interpretation in the context of statutory law. The author formulates the argument that the paradigm of the so-called non-axiological statutory interpretation, originating from the non-axiological jurisprudence approach, does not offer an effective protection against obtaining meanings which are contrary to elementary moral rules. The paper focuses on axiological instructions for an interpreter, i.e. how to look for morally objective meanings and what the moral objectivity criteria of meaning in the law are.
Search for High-redshift Blazars with Fermi/LAT
Authors: Kreter M. , Gokus A. , Krauss F. , Kadler M. , Ojha R. , Buson S. , Wilms J. , Böttcher M.
Published: November 2020

High-z blazars (z ≥ 2.5) are the most powerful class of persistent γ-ray sources in the universe. These objects possess the highest jet powers and luminosities and have black hole masses often in excess of 109 solar masses. In addition, high-z blazars are important cosmological probes and serve as test objects for blazar evolution models. Due to their large distance, their high-energy emission typically peaks below the GeV range, which makes them difficult to study with Fermi/Large Area Telescope (LAT). Therefore, only the very brightest objects are detectable and, to date, only a small number of high-z blazars have been detected with Fermi/LAT. In this work, we studied the monthly binned long-term γ-ray emission of a sample of 176 radio and optically detected blazars that have not been reported as known γ-ray sources in the 3FGL catalog. To account for false-positive detections, we calculated monthly Fermi/LAT light curves for a large sample of blank sky positions and derived the number of random fluctuations that we expect at various test statistic (TS) levels. For a given blazar, a detection of TS > 9 in at least one month is expected ∼15% of the time. Although this rate is too high to secure detection of an individual source, half of our sample shows such single-month γ-ray activity, indicating a population of high-energy blazars at distances of up to z = 5.2. Multiple TS > 9 monthly detections are unlikely to happen by chance, and we have detected several individual new sources in this way, including the most distant γ-ray blazar, BZQ J1430+4204 (z = 4.72). Finally, two new γ-ray blazars at redshifts of z = 3.63 and z = 3.11 are unambiguously detected via very significant (TS > 25) flares in individual monthly time bins.
Scaling and Anisotropy of Solar Wind Turbulence at Kinetic Scales during the MMS Turbulence Campaign
Authors: Chasapis Alexandros , Matthaeus William H. , Bandyopadhyay Riddhi , Chhiber Rohit , Ahmadi Narges , Ergun Robert E. , Russell Christopher T. , Strangeway Robert J. , Giles Barbara L. , Gershman Daniel J. , Pollock Craig J. , Burch James L.
Published: November 2020

We employ data from the 2019 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Solar Wind Turbulence Campaign to evaluate scaling and anisotropy of second-order magnetic field structure functions and scale-dependent kurtosis from a single data interval. Prior results have been based either on the Taylor approximation, which conflates time and space dependence, or on averaging many data sets, which introduces sample-to-sample variation of plasma parameters. The present results overcome these systematic effects. We find that for length scales between 57 and 201 km the fluctuations are anisotropic with a preferred orientation of 60°–70° to the magnetic field direction. The peak kurtosis also lies in this angular range. This confirms anisotropy of the spectrum and suggests that coherent structures such as current sheets are oriented nearly perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. Both the anisotropy and the kurtosis decrease approaching the ion inertial length, here ≈91 km.
Investigation of human bocavirus in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection
Authors: Bakir Ayfer , Karabulut Nuran , Alacam Sema , Mese Sevim , Somer Ayper , Agacfidan Ali
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a linear single-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Parvoviridae family. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of HBoV and co-infections in pediatric patients with symptoms of viral respiratory tract infection.

Methodology: This study included 2,310 patients between the ages of 0-18 in whom HBoV and other respiratory tract viral pathogens were analyzed in nasopharyngeal swab specimens.

Results: In the pediatric age group, HBoV was found in 4.5% (105/2310) of the patients and higher in children between the ages of 1 and 5. Mixed infection was detected in 43.8% (46/105) of HBoV positive patients (p = 0.10). Mono and mixed infection rates were higher in outpatients than in inpatients (p < 0.05). Respiratory syncytial virus was significantly higher than the other respiratory viral pathogens (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: This study is important as it is one of the rare studies performed on the incidence of HBoV in the Marmara region. In pediatric age group, the incidence of HBoV was found 4.5%. The incidence rate of HBoV in this study was similar to those in studies around the world, but close to low rates. The incidence of HBoV was found higher especially among children between the ages of 1-5 in this study. In addition to the incidence of HBoV, accompanying co-infections in the pediatric age group were also investigated in this study. Since concurrence of RSV, HRV and hMPV with HBoV was the most common it must be considered that there may be more than one agents in patients with symptoms of respiratory tract infection.
Knowledge, attitude and precautionary practices towards COVID-19 among healthcare professionals in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Shakeel Sadia , Rehman Hina , Hassali Mohammad Azmi , Hashmi Faraz
Published: November 2020

Introduction: With the increase in the incidence rate of COVID-19, healthcare professionals (HCPs) being at the frontline of the outbreak response are at higher risk of getting exposure and suffering from the infection. The present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and precautionary practices of HCPs towards COVID-19.

Methodology: The current study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, online study directed to the HCPs working in a metropolitan city of Karachi, during February 2020 and March 2020 using a self-administered questionnaire. A systematic random sampling approach was adopted.

Results: A total of 286 completed surveys were incorporated in the investigation with a response rate of 74.28%. The median (interquartile range, IQR) knowledge score was 18.79 (17.64-19.57). Physicians were found to be more knowledgeable (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.17-4.26, p = 0.003) as compared to other HCPs. Similarly, the HCPs working in private work settings (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.54-2.79, p=0.001), having more experience (OR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.64-2.78; p < 0.005) were found to be more well-informed than HCPs working in public sector (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.63–0.72; p = 0.004). The correlation between the knowledge and attitude of respondents was found to be significantly correlated (correlation coefficient: 0.13, p < 0.005).

Conclusions: The findings of the study revealed that HCPs were well conversant and have an optimistic attitude towards COVID-19. Further contemplates are required to evaluate the understanding of HCPs at a national level so that viable mediations could be planned to combat this pandemic.
Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in treating a critically ill COVID-19 patient
Authors: Tao Jianxin , Nie Yunjuan , Wu Hui , Cheng Liang , Qiu Yuanwang , Fu Juanjuan , Jiang Xiufeng
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is spreading rapidly. Critically ill cases of COVID-19 can rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failures. However, no effective drugs have been available till now, leading to more than 300,000 deaths up to 29 April 2020. Here, we present a critically ill case utilizing umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs).

Case presentation: A 72-year-old man was admitted, with the diagnosis of COVID-19, ARDS, type-2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, renal insufficiency, and hypertension. His clinical condition continually developed to be life-threatening even receiving various treatment options including antiviral therapy and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Between 28 February and 8 March 2020, the patient was given 5-time intravenous infusions of UCB-MSCs. His hematological and biochemical indexes, including lymphocytes and renal function improved. Pulmonary static compliance increased significantly and PaO2/FiO2 ratio maintained stable. On March 10, he received lung transplantation.

Conclusions: Our current findings suggested that UCB-MSCs therapy may show some positive effect in treating critical COVID-19 to some extent, for its delaying deterioration of the disease and efficacy in respiratory and renal function, though limited.
Cost Effectiveness of Sample Pooling to Test for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Abdalhamid Baha , Bilder Christopher Richard , Garrett Jodi Louise , Iwen Peter Charles
Published: November 2020

.
Carabid beetles of the environs of Lake Elton: fauna, population dynamics, demography
Authors: Makarov Kirill , Matalin Andrey
Published: November 2020

The present paper includes the results of a year-round pitfall trapping survey of ground beetles in the region of Lake Elton, Volgograd Area, Russia. The main objectives of the project lie in studying the local fauna of Carabidae in the Lake Elton region, as well as their demographic structure and dispersal potential of the local populations of particular carabid species. A total of ten model habitats: six zonal (characteristic of that particular biogeographic area) and four azonal (present in a variety of biogeographical areas) were studied. In each model habitat, ten pitfall traps were set from 10 May 2006 until 10 May 2007 and were checked at 10-day intervals except for the period with negative temperatures (from 1 November 2006 until 31 March 2007). During the period of observation, 51,314 specimens of Carabidae, belonging to 149 species, were trapped. The resulting sampling-event dataset includes 24,291 plot-based observations (= sampling events), some of them containing zero records of particular species in a certain habitat and time.

This is the first sampling-event dataset of a year-round pitfall trapping survey (from May 2006 until May 2007) of ground-beetle communities and the demographic structure of local populations of particular species in the Lake Elton region, Volgograd Area, Russia.
Pupil Diameter in Patients With Multifocal Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Fernández Joaquín , Rodríguez-Vallejo Manuel , Martínez Javier , Burguera Noemi , Piñero David P.
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the distribution of pupil size in patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and to assess the variations according to age.

METHODS:

A total of 168 eyes that had implantation of several multifocal IOLs and were measured at the 3-month follow-up visit were included in the analysis. The Keratograph 5M (Oculus Optikgeräte) was used to measure the photopic and mesopic pupil size, as well as the average between both (average pupil size). Eyes were stratified in four groups by age: 50 years or younger, 51 to 60 years, 61 to 70 years, and older than 70 years.

RESULTS:

Considering the total sample, 84.5% and 95.8% of eyes had a photopic pupil size of 3 and 3.5 mm or less, respectively. The mesopic pupil size was greater than 4.5 mm in 39.3% and greater than 5 mm in 16.7% of eyes. The average pupil size was 3.5 and 4 mm or less in 54.2% and 85.1% of eyes, respectively. Mesopic pupil size resulted in a steeper decrease with age than photopic pupil size: 0.028 versus 0.015 mm/year, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found among the four age groups (
P
< .0005). No significant mean differences were found between multifocal IOL models for photopic pupil size, mesopic pupil size, or average pupil size (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Eyes implanted with multifocal IOLs had a photopic pupil size of 3.5 mm or less and mesopic pupil size of 5 mm or less. Mesopic and photopic pupil size decreased 0.28 and 0.15 mm per decade, respectively. This information can help surgeons to understand the general functioning of multifocal IOLs whose performance varies with pupil size.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(11):750–756.]
Femtosecond Laser–Assisted Allogenic Lenticule Implantation for Corneal Ectasia After LASIK: A 3-Year In Vivo Confocal Microscopic Investigation
Authors: Li Meiyan , Wei Ruoyan , Yang Weiming , Shang Jianmin , Fu Dan , Xia Fei , Choi Joanne , Zhou Xingtao
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:

To investigate morphological changes in the cornea and the implanted lenticule in patients with corneal ectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and implantation using a lenticule from small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

Eight eyes of 8 patients with ectasia after LASIK from 2015 to 2018 at the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan Unversity were analyzed. For recipient eyes, lenticules were transferred with a mean cryopreserved time of 20 ± 21 days extracted from SMILE donors to the exposed stromal bed after lifting the flaps and the flap was repositioned. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction, and corneal topography were performed. Patients were followed up for 3 years. Changes in lenticules and recipient corneas were analyzed using in vivo confocal microscopy.

RESULTS:

Activated keratocytes in the anterior and posterior stroma were observed near the lenticule at the first 6 months. Elongated, deformed keratocyte nuclei were found in the implanted lenticules in postoperative year 1. The anterior and posterior interfaces showed an absence or decrease of keratocytes and the presence of small particles of varying brightness. Nerve fibers in the implanted lenticules were detected in one case. No obvious difference was detected between cryopreserved and fresh lenticules.

CONCLUSIONS:

The preliminary findings suggest that recipient keratocytes repopulate the lenticules and the keratocytes in lenticules gradually return to their normal morphology.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(11):714–722.]
A Coincident Thinning Index for Keratoconus Identification Using OCT Pachymetry and Epithelial Thickness Maps
Authors: Pavlatos Elias , Chen Shihao , Yang Yuli , Wang Qinmei , Huang David , Li Yan
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:

To develop a coincident thinning (CTN) index to differentiate between keratoconic and healthy corneas using optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of pachymetry and epithelial thickness.

METHODS:

Pattern deviation maps of pachymetry and epithelial thickness were generated using Fourier-domain OCT images of the cornea. The co-localized thinning of the two maps was quantified using a novel CTN index, which was calculated from Gaussian fits of the regions of maximum relative thinning. The CTN index was validated using k-fold cross-validation, and its classification performance was compared to minimum pachymetry and maximum keratometry.

RESULTS:

A total of 82 normal eyes and 133 eyes within three groups of keratoconus severity were evaluated. The pattern deviation maps for the keratoconic eyes showed relative thinning that was larger in magnitude and more strongly correlated with the Gaussian function compared to normal eyes (all
P
< .01). The distance between the pachymetric and epithelial maximum relative thinning locations was significantly smaller for the keratoconic eyes than for the normal eyes (all
P
< .02). The CTN index was significantly larger for all three keratoconus groups compared to normal eyes (all
P
< .0001). The CTN index demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% in detecting manifest keratoconus, 100% for subclinical keratoconus, and 56% for forme fruste keratoconus. The overall classification accuracy was better for the CTN index (93%) than for minimum pachymetry (86%) and maximum keratometry (86%).

CONCLUSIONS:

The CTN index is a highly sensitive measure of coincident pachymetric and epithelial thinning. It provides valuable information for detecting and monitoring early to moderate keratoconus.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(11):757–765.]
Lessons Learned, Best Practices: Care Coordination for Children with Medical Complexity
Authors: Maypole John , Gavin Tiffany , de Banate Mary Ann , Sadof Matthew
Published: November 2020

Although care coordination has long been established in the health care system in the United States, too often it may compete or work at cross purposes with care teams serving patients and families. Care coordination is a team sport that requires strong clinician-family partnerships as well as adequate time and resources to be done effectively. We incorporate the latest literature to offer clarity for identifying, coordinating, and funding care for children with medical complexity (CMC), the most medically fragile, high-cost subpopulation of children and youth with special health care needs. Algorithms for identifying CMC exist. Calculation of the cost of care for CMC is confounded by cost shifting to families and the variable course of illness and aging in this heterogeneous population. Multiple studies of different sizes have reported similar care coordination team structure, staffing ratios, and cost ranges. We describe models for funding this work and how they can be tailored to individual practice environments.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(11):e457–e466.]
Sobre el género Chrysopa Leach, 1815 de la Península Ibérica y Baleares (Insecta, Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
Authors: Monserrat V. J. , Pantaleoni R. A.
Published: November 2020

Se aportan nuevos datos sobre las especies del género Chrysopa Leach, 1815 citadas en la Península Ibérica y Baleares. De las especies mencionadas en su fauna sobre las que existían dudas en la veracidad de sus citas o se había cuestionado su validez taxonómica, se ha estudiado y anotado la mayoría del material correspondiente, tanto ibérico como material de comparación de otras zonas, con la intención de dilucidar estas cuestiones. Bien sea para constatar su presencia en su fauna, con la correspondiente confirmación o corrección de ciertas citas, como para verificar la identidad de algunas especies de este género y algunas de sus variedades descritas, con la confirmación o revisión de su identidad taxonómica. Se confirma la validez de Chrysopa nierembergi Navás, 1908 respecto a C. formosa Brauer, 1850 y se designa para ella Lectotipo. También se designa Lectotipo para Chrysopa nierembergi var. andreui Navás, 1910 y para Chrysopa nierembergi var. clara Navás, 1915, ambas son consideradas sinónimas de C. nierembergi. Se dan por válidas solo dos de las citas ibéricas de Chrysopa phyllochroma Wesmael, 1841, y se confirma la presencia de Chrysopa dubitans McLachlan, 1887 en la fauna ibérica. Se eleva a categoría de especie la variedad Chrysopa nierembergi var. nitens Navás,1909, considerándola como especie válida: Chrysopa nitens Navás, 1909 stat. prom., designando para ella Lectotipo. De estas cinco especies se anotan sus caracteres de morfología externa y de genitalia masculina, así como algunos elementos diagnósticos y comparativos entre ellas o con otras especies próximas. Se comentan y se discuten algunos caracteres habitualmente utilizados en la identificación de las especies de Chrysopidae (variabilidad y persistencia de la pigmentación tegumentaria de los ejemplares según poblaciones, tiempo transcurrido desde su recolección y modo de conservación; uñas dilatadas en su base o no). Por último, y hasta que no existan nuevas evidencias, se descarta definitivamente la supuesta presencia de Chrysopa abbreviata Curtis, 1834 y Chrysopa walkeri McLachlan, 1893 en el solar ibérico, ya que está basada en citas antiguas imprecisas o inconsistentes, no corroboradas por nuevo material. El género Chrysopa está representado en la fauna Ibero-Balear por diez especies, de las cuales se anota y recopila la información existente, y se aporta nuevo material, también se actualizan la clave de especies de este género y los mapas de su distribución en la Península Ibérica y Baleares.
Mobile Applications, An Emerging Powerful Tool for Dyslexia Screening and Intervention: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Politi-Georgousi Stratigoula , Drigas Athanasios
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, mobile applications seem to play a vital role in both dyslexia screening and intervention, accumulating numerous assets and comforts in according to dyslexics’ needs and learning pace. Initial detection of students’ disabilities, followed by a corresponding intervention program were the best combination of actions in an attempt to any problem be confronted effectively. In our today’s society, mobile apps have been considered as an alternative approach for the success of these well-known key steps, as well. The aim of this literature review is to propose a great number of screening and treatment mobile applications for dyslexia. During the last decades these  have been developed or have been implemented, focused on different aspects of dyslexia symptoms (reading, writing, mathematical difficulties, memory etc.) The studies are categorized into two sections, based on the purpose for which mobile applications are used at a time. The first part reflects a mobile app as a detection tool, while the second part presents it as intervention tool.
Using Mobile Educational Apps to Foster Work and Play in Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hussain Azham , Mkpojiogu Emmanuel O.C. , Babalola Elizabeth Tolulope
Published: November 2020

The paper examined the use of mobile educational applications to foster work and play in learning. Three research questions were asked to guide the study. Fifty (50) articles pertaining to the use of mobile educational applications in classrooms were downloaded. Out of all these papers, thirty-five (35) relevant articles were selected for review after which twenty-five (25) were carefully read and searched so as to capture the required information for the analysis. The outcome of the review indicated that there are lots of mobile educational apps that can be used by educators to foster work and play in classroom teaching and learning thereby making the teaching and learning become mobile and attractive. This means that teachers make use of apps, internet and computers to teach in classroom, which makes teaching and learning more interactive, collaborative and replaces the conventional chalkboards. The study applied systematic literature methodology in order to achieve the goal of the research. The research outcome showed that some educators have not yet embraced the use of mobile educational apps for teaching and learning in classrooms especially in third world countries. It was recommended that teachers, curriculum planners, policy makers, administrators and caregivers should be provided with knowledge on the new trend of mobile learning and its importance to the education sector.
Profile of sleep disordered breathing in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Gupta Nitesh , Agrawal Sumita , Goel Akhil D. , Ish Pranav , Chakrabarti Shibdas , Suri J.C.
Published: November 2020

Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents nearly half of HF cases and is increasingly being recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality. Hypertension (essential or secondary) is an important risk factor of HFpEF, owing to permanent structural changes in heart. A common cause of secondary hypertension is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In the present study, we have attempted to seek the frequency and characteristics of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in HFpEF. Also, we tried to investigate if any correlation exists between the severity of SDB and the severity of diastolic dysfunction. This was a prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study in which 25 case patients with HFpEF and 25 control subjects were included. All the case patients and control subjects went through a detailed clinical, biochemical, echocardiography evaluation and overnight polysomnography. SDB was seen in 64% of the case patients having HFpEF and in 12% of control group with [odds ratio (OR)= 12.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.83-52.74; p<0.001]. A significant correlation of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) severity was observed with degree of diastolic dysfunction (r = 0.67; p<0.001). Among HFpEF patients with SDB (16/25), 13 had OSA and only 3 had central sleep apnea (CSA). CSA was present in patients with severe diastolic dysfunction. There were no clinical or sleep quality differences among the OSA and the CSA group. To conclude, a higher frequency of SDB is observed in HFpEF patients. AHI severity correlates with degree of diastolic dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms of correlation between SDB and diastolic dysfunction either through uncontrolled hypertension or direct causation warrant further evaluation.
Characteristics of COVID-19 at a non-COVID tertiary pulmonary care centre in Delhi, India
Authors: Goel Nitin , Spalgais Sonam , Mrigpuri Parul , Khanna Madhu , Menon Balakrishnan , Kumar Raj
Published: November 2020

The pandemic of COVID-19 has emerged as a serious health crisis globally and India too has been extensively affected with 604,641 active cases reported, till date. The present study focuses on the demographic, clinical and laboratory profile of such patients from a tertiary level non-COVID respiratory care hospital. This is a retrospective observational study. Seventy-seven sick patients fulfilling COVID suspect criteria were admitted to the isolation area. Their RT-PCR test was done from the designated laboratory and 35 of them  were confirmed to be COVID-19 patients. The detailed demographic, clinical and laboratory profile of these COVID-19 patients was studied. The mean age was 46±17 years with male predominance (57%). Majority  of the cases (83%) were symptomatic. The most common symptom was cough (66%) followed by breathlessness and fever. Nineteen (54.3%) patients had one or the other co-morbidity and 16 (45.7%) had chronic lung diseases as one of the comorbidities. Nearly half of the patients (51%) required supplementary oxygen on presentation. Two patients were put on invasive mechanical ventilation while 4 patients required non-invasive ventilation before being shifted to the COVID hospital. Hence, it can be concluded that COVID-19 in patients of chronic respiratory diseases  manifests with higher prevalence of symptoms and also higher severity of disease. Further, the  symptomatology of COVID-19 closely mimics the acute exacerbation of chronic lung diseases, so cautious screening and testing should be done, especially at the pulmonary department.