bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The pleasurable urge to move to music is unchanged in people with musical anhedonia
Authors: Romkey Isaac D. , Matthews Tomas , Foster Nicholas , Dalla Bella Simone , Penhune Virginia B.
Published: January 2025

In cognitive science, the sensation of “groove” has been defined as the pleasurable urge to move to music. When listeners rate rhythmic stimuli on derived pleasure and urge to move, ratings on these dimensions are highly correlated. However, recent behavioural and brain imaging work has shown that these two components may be separable. To examine this potential separability, our study investigates the sensation of groove in people with specific musical anhedonia. Individuals with musical anhedonia have a blunted ability to derive pleasure from music but can still derive pleasure from other domains (e.g., sex and food). People with musical anhedonia were identified as those with scores in the lower 10% of scores on the Barcelona Musical Reward Questionnaire, but who had no deficits in music perception, no symptoms of depression, average levels of physical and social anhedonia, and sensitivity to punishment and reward. We predicted that if the two components of groove are separable, individuals with musical anhedonia would experience lower levels of derived pleasure but have comparable ratings of wanting to move compared to controls. Groove responses were measured in an online study (N = 148) using a set of experimenter-generated musical stimuli varying in rhythmic and harmonic complexity, which were validated in several previous studies. Surprisingly, we found no significant differences in groove response between individuals with musical anhedonia (n = 17) and a matched control group (n = 17). Mediation analyses for the anhedonia sample found that wanting to move ratings fully mediated the effect of rhythmic and harmonic complexity on pleasure ratings. Taken together, these results indicate that the urge to move may compensate for the blunted pleasure sensation in those with musical anhedonia. More generally, these results suggest that the urge to move is a primary source of pleasure in the groove response.
Supervised pulmonary tele-rehabilitation and individualized home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD, unable to participate in center-based programs. The protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial - the REPORT study
Authors: Nielsen Christina , Godtfredsen Nina , Molsted Stig , Ulrik Charlotte , Kallemose Thomas , Hansen Henrik
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) costs EURO 1.4 billion annually in healthcare costs. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a vital aspect of care for patients with COPD, but despite the compelling evidence, it is delivered to less than 30%. Frequent transport to the center-based program is regularly reported as reasons for non-attendance. The effectiveness and feasibility of pulmonary tele-rehabilitation (PTR) and home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HPR) have never been investigated in patients with COPD who are unable to attend conventional outpatient PR.

Materials and methods

This study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial consisting of three parallel groups; PTR, HPR and a control group. 180 patients with moderate to very severe COPD, who are unable to attend in center-based PR programs will be included. The PTR group receives group-based resistance- and endurance training and patient education 60 min. twice a week for 10-weeks. HPR comprises an individual self-initiated home-based PR program with online motivational and professional counseling. The goal is to achieve at least 20 min. of muscle-endurance based exercises three days weekly for 10-weeks. The PTR and HPR group use a tablet with a conference system. The control group receives usual care (no PR). After completion of the intervention, the PTR and HPR groups are offered 65-weeks groupbased maintance program supervised once a week online via tablet. The primary outcome is change in respiratory symptoms measured with the COPD Assessment Test after 10-weeks (primary endpoint).

Discussion

The study aims to test a possible equivalence between PTR and HPR and their superiority to controls on respiratory symptoms. The study will provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of new rehabilitation models and maintenance programs for patients with COPD. If the two new delivery models can reduce respiratory symptoms, patients with moderate to very severe COPD can participate in both home- or centerbased PR.

Trial registration

The trial is registrered and approved by the Ethics Committee of The Capital Region of Denmark (H-22015777; 29.08.2022) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (P-2022-245-13101, 25.05.2022). The trial is registrered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05664945 (23.12.2022).
Novel deep neural network architecture fusion to simultaneously predict short-term and long-term energy consumption
Authors: Ahmed Abrar , Ali Safdar , Raza Ali , Hussain Ibrar , Bilal Ahmad , Fitriyani Norma Latif , Gu Yeonghyeon , Syafrudin Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Energy is integral to the socio-economic development of every country. This development leads to a rapid increase in the demand for energy consumption. However, due to the constraints and costs associated with energy generation resources, it has become crucial for both energy generation companies and consumers to predict energy consumption well in advance. Forecasting energy needs through accurate predictions enables companies and customers to make informed decisions, enhancing the efficiency of both energy generation and consumption. In this context, energy generation companies and consumers seek a model capable of forecasting energy consumption both in the short term and the long term. Traditional models for energy prediction focus on either short-term or long-term accuracy, often failing to optimize both simultaneously. Therefore, this research proposes a novel hybrid model employing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bi-directional LSTM (Bi-LSTM) to simultaneously predict both short-term and long-term residential energy consumption with enhanced accuracy measures. The proposed model is capable of capturing complex temporal and spatial features to predict short-term and long-term energy consumption. CNNs discover patterns in data, LSTM identifies long-term dependencies and sequential patterns and Bi-LSTM identifies complex temporal relations within the data. Experimental evaluations expressed that the proposed model outperformed with a minimum Mean Square Error (MSE) of 0.00035 and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.0057. Additionally, the proposed hybrid model is compared with existing state-of-the-art models, demonstrating its superior performance in both short-term and long-term energy consumption predictions.
An interpretable machine learning model for predicting in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Wei Junying , Cao Heshan , Peng Mingling , Zhang Yinzhou , Li Sibei , Ma Wuhua , Li Yuhui
Published: January 2025

Background

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial infection in ICU, significantly associated with poor outcomes. However, there is currently a lack of reliable and interpretable tools for assessing the risk of in-hospital mortality in VAP patients. This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) prediction model to enhance the assessment of in-hospital mortality risk in VAP patients.

Methods

This study extracted VAP patient data from versions 2.2 and 3.1 of the MIMIC-IV database, using version 2.2 for model training and validation, and version 3.1 for external testing. Feature selection was conducted using the Boruta algorithm, and 14 ML models were constructed. The optimal model was identified based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity across both validation and test cohorts. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis was applied for global and local interpretability.

Results

A total of 1,894 VAP patients were included, with 12 features ultimately selected for model construction: 24-hour urine output, blood urea nitrogen, age, diastolic blood pressure, platelet count, anion gap, body temperature, bicarbonate level, sodium level, body mass index, and whether combined with congestive heart failure and cerebrovascular disease. The random forest (RF) model showed the best performance, achieving an AUC of 0.780 in internal validation and 0.724 in external testing, outperforming other ML models and common clinical scoring systems.

Conclusion

The RF model demonstrated robust and reliable performance in predicting in-hospital mortality risk for VAP patients. The developed online tool can assist clinicians in efficiently assessing VAP in-hospital mortality risk, supporting clinical decision-making.
SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm drives prolonged testicular injury and functional impairment in mice that are mitigated by dexamethasone
Authors: Giannakopoulos Stefanos , Pak Jin , Bakse Jackson , Ward Monika A. , Nerurkar Vivek R. , Tallquist Michelle D. , Verma Saguna
Published: January 2025

Compromised male reproductive health, including reduced testosterone and sperm count, is one of the long COVID symptoms in individuals recovering from mild-severe disease. COVID-19 patients display testicular injury in the acute stage and altered serum fertility markers in the recovery phase, however, long-term implications on the testis remain unknown. This study characterized the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 on testis function. The K18-hACE2 mice that survived SARS-CoV-2 infection were followed for one month after infection and the testicular injury and function markers were assessed at different stages of infection and recovery. The long-term impact of infection on key testes function-related hormones and male fertility was measured. The efficacy of inflammation-suppressing drug in preventing testicular injury was also evaluated. The morphological defects like sloughing of spermatids into the lumen and increased apoptotic cells sustained for 2–4 weeks after infection and correlated with testicular inflammation and immune cell infiltration. Transcriptomic analysis revealed dysregulation of inflammatory, cell death, and steroidogenic pathways. Furthermore, reduced testosterone levels associated with a transient reduction in sperm count and male fertility. Most testicular impairments resolved within one month of infection. Importantly, dexamethasone treatment attenuated testicular damage, inflammation, and immune infiltration. Our results implicate virus-induced cytokine storm as the major driver of testicular injury and functional impairments, timely prevention of which limits testis damage. These findings serve as a model for evaluating therapeutics in long COVID patients and may guide clinical strategies to improve male reproductive health outcomes post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Key virulence factors responsible for differences in pathogenicity between clinically proven live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine SA14-14-2 and its pre-attenuated highly virulent parent SA14
Authors: Song Byung-Hak , Yun Sang-Im , Goldhardt Joseph L. , Kim Jiyoun , Lee Young-Min
Published: January 2025

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a neuroinvasive and neurovirulent orthoflavivirus, can be prevented in humans with the SA14-14-2 vaccine, a live-attenuated version derived from the wild-type SA14 strain. To determine the viral factors responsible for the differences in pathogenicity between SA14 and SA14-14-2, we initially established a reverse genetics system that includes a pair of full-length infectious cDNAs for both strains. Using this cDNA pair, we then systematically exchanged genomic regions between SA14 and SA14-14-2 to generate 20 chimeric viruses and evaluated their replication capability in cell culture and their pathogenic potential in mice. Our findings revealed the following: (i) The single envelope (E) protein of SA14-14-2, which contains nine mutations (eight in the ectodomain and one in the stem region), is both necessary and sufficient to render SA14 non-neuroinvasive and non-neurovirulent. (ii) Conversely, the E protein of SA14 alone is necessary for SA14-14-2 to become highly neurovirulent, but it is not sufficient to make it highly neuroinvasive. (iii) The limited neuroinvasiveness of an SA14-14-2 derivative that contains the E gene of SA14 significantly increases (approaching that of the wild-type strain) when two viral nonstructural proteins are replaced by their counterparts from SA14: (a) NS1/1’, which has four mutations on the external surface of the core β-ladder domain; and (b) NS2A, which has two mutations in the N-terminal region, including two non-transmembrane α-helices. In line with their roles in viral pathogenicity, the E, NS1/1’, and NS2A genes all contribute to the enhanced spread of the virus in cell culture. Collectively, our data reveal for the first time that the E protein of JEV has a dual function: It is the master regulator of viral neurovirulence and also the primary initiator of viral neuroinvasion. After the initial E-mediated neuroinvasion, the NS1/1’ and NS2A proteins act as secondary promoters, further amplifying viral neuroinvasiveness.
Quelles modalités pour la présence impériale dans le conuentus Pacensis?
Authors: Lefebvre Sabine
Published: January 2025

Le cadre administratif du conuentus at-il été un cadre dans lequel la présence impériale a été évoquée? C’est la question que l’on peut se poser dans le cadre du conuentus Pacensis pour lequel nous disposons d’un corpus conséquent. À travers les interventions du prince, les hommages qui lui sont rendus, ou encore les milliaires, nous pourrons mesurer cette présence dans l’espace tant urbain que rural et en envisager les modalités du règne d’Auguste au IVe siècle.
Segredos da Beja Romana - Apresentação
Authors: Ferreira Bruno
Published: January 2025

Texto da autoria do ator e cronista Bruno Ferreira para apresentação do livro “Segredos da Beja Romana”, de José d'Encarnação, que se inseriu no evento de homenagem realizado em Maio de 2024 em Beja, a propósito dos 40 anos da publicação de IRCP.
Publicado pelo Centro de Estudos em Arqueologia, Artes e Ciências do Património - CEAACP, "Segredos da Beja Romana" reúne inscrições que o Doutor José d’ Encarnação publicou no Diário do Alentejo, provenientes da cidade e da região de Beja, com comentários e explicações acessíveis aos comuns leitores, e ilustrações de José Luís Madeira. A obra foi distinguida com o Prémio Augusto Botelho da Costa Veiga 2024, pela Academia Portuguesa de História, em 2024.
Comunicación política en el entorno digital. Evaluación de las estrategias de interactividad de los think tanks europeos
Authors: Castillero-Ostio Elizabet , Moreno-Cabanillas Andrea , Serna-Ortega Álvaro
Published: January 2025

Los think tanks, como agentes sociales y políticos, han alcanzado una influencia innegable a nivel mundial en las decisiones políticas y en la formación de la opinión pública. Este estudio permite entender la comunicación digital, a través de los espacios web oficiales, de los think tanks europeos en sus relaciones en el entorno virtual. La muestra de estudio está formada por los 25 think tanks de Europa occidental más influyentes, considerando el 2020 Global Go To Think tank Index Report (McGann, 2021). Mediante un análisis de contenido, de naturaleza cuantitativa, se han examinado las herramientas comunicativas de las páginas web de dichos organismos, así como el nivel de interactividad que proporcionan. Los resultados muestran que entre las herramientas unidireccionales más utilizadas se encuentran las expositivas gráficas (folletos informativos o espacios de presentación del think tank e imágenes y fotografías) y el empleo de herramientas que posibilitan un mayor grado de interactividad. Teniendo en cuenta las bidireccionales, predominan las asimétricas, como formularios de suscripción para sindicación de contenido, sistema de búsqueda en la web, la descarga de archivos y herramientas o botones para compartir en redes sociales o enviar información a sitios externos. De forma generalizada, la investigación resalta la necesidad de los think tanks de avanzar hacia modelos bidireccionales en línea para mejorar las relaciones con los públicos.
Refuerzo y visibilización del Tercer Sector de la Comunicación en los planes de estudios universitarios [Reseña]
Authors: García-Caballero Sara
Published: January 2025

En el libro Tercer Sector de la Comunicación. Manual didáctico participan investigadores y expertos del mundo del Tercer Sector de la Comunicación (TSC), abordando el reto de reivindicar la importancia del mismo y también para resarcir su injustificada ausencia en los planes de estudio de las universidades españolas.
Kids influencers emergentes: identidad, rol parental y normativa española
Authors: Lafuente-Pérez Patricia , Fondón-Ludeña Anabell , Martín-Cárdaba Miguel-Ángel
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo presenta una aproximación al mundo de los menores influencers desde una perspectiva cualitativa dado el carácter exploratorio de esta investigación y escasez de estudios previos. Se han realizado tres entrevistas en profundidad de carácter semiestructurado a menores creadores de contenido con el objetivo de explorar identidades y experiencias, medidas de control parental y contextos legales que rodean a estos niños. Además, se realizaron tres grupos de discusión con niños y adolescentes (de 10 a 16 años), seguidores de kids influencers. El posterior análisis de la información con la herramienta WebQDA ha permitido concluir, entre otros aspectos, información relevante sobre: los procesos de socialización y adquisición de conciencia de los kids influencers sobre sus actividades en la red; ciertas prácticas de autocontrol de los menores y de tutela de los padres; los elementos identificados como un riesgo tanto para los menores generadores de contenido como para menores seguidores de influencers.
Colorectal Cancer Screening Based on Predicted Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Plys Ekaterina , Bulliard Jean-Luc , Chaouch Aziz , Durand Marie-Anne , van Duuren Luuk A. , Braendle Karen , Auer Reto , Froehlich Florian , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , Corley Douglas A. , Selby Kevin
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening relies primarily on colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). Aligning utilization of these options with individual CRC risk may optimize benefit with lower risks, individual burden, and societal costs. We studied the effect of communicating personalized CRC risk and corresponding screening recommendations on risk-appropriate screening uptake in an organized screening setting.

METHODS:

Randomized controlled trial among residents aged 50–69 years not yet invited for screening in Vaud, Switzerland. The intervention was a mailed brochure communicating individual 15-year CRC risk and screening recommendation. The control group received a usual brochure comparing FIT and colonoscopy. The primary outcome was self-reported risk-appropriate screening (FIT if <3% risk, FIT or colonoscopy if ≥3% and <6%, and colonoscopy if ≥6%) at 6 months. A secondary outcome was overall screening uptake.

RESULTS:

Of 5,396 invitations, 1,059 people responded (19%) of whom 258 were randomized to intervention and 257 to control materials (average 15-year risk 1.4% [SD = 0.5], age 52.2 years [SD = 2.2], 51% women). Risk-appropriate screening completion was 37% in the intervention group and 23% in the control group (absolute difference 14%, 95% confidence interval 6%–22%). Overall screening uptake was 50% in the intervention group and 49% in the control group (absolute difference 1%, 95% confidence interval −7% to 10%).

DISCUSSION:

In a population not known to be at elevated CRC risk, brochures providing personalized CRC risk and screening recommendations improved risk-appropriate screening without impacting overall screening uptake. This approach could be helpful for aligning screening methods, risks, and benefits with cancer risk and resource allocation.
Identifying and Treating Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Among At-Risk Veterans
Authors: Niezen Sebastian , Morgan Timothy R. , Scott Dawn , Yakovchenko Vera , Patton Heather , Spoutz Patrick , Yao Yiwen , Baffy Gyorgy , Fuchs Michael , Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Ekanem Nsikak R. , Dominitz Jason A. , Rogal Shari S.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), an increasing public health concern, remains challenging to diagnose and risk-stratify. We assessed the (i) prevalence of MASLD risk factors among veterans in Veterans Health Administration (VA) care, (ii) factors associated with MASLD diagnosis, and (iii) associations between MASLD diagnosis and receipt of care.

METHODS:

Veterans with MASLD risk factors, including obesity, prediabetes, diabetes, or dyslipidemia, were identified using International Classification of
Diseases-
10 codes and followed in 2019–2022. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score-adjusted models identified demographic and clinical characteristics associated with a diagnosis of MASLD or cirrhosis and receipt of elastography, specialty care for liver disease, VA weight management (MOVE!) participation, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog prescriptions.

RESULTS:

Among approximately 9 million veterans, 4,159,699 (45%) had risk factors for MASLD and were included in further analysis. MASLD or cirrhosis was diagnosed in 6% of the at-risk cohort. At-risk Veterans diagnosed with MASLD were younger with more metabolic risk factors, increased rates of alcohol use disorder, and higher FIB-4 scores and alanine transaminase values. Over 1-year follow-up, 6% engaged in MOVE!, 9% had specialty care for liver disease, 3% were prescribed GLP-1 analogs, and 2% underwent staging elastography. MASLD diagnosis was significantly associated with receipt of MOVE!, specialty care consultation, and GLP-1 analog prescription.

DISCUSSION:

Few at-risk Veterans carried an MASLD diagnosis or had undergone staging elastography. Because MASLD diagnosis was associated with linkage to hepatology care and weight loss therapy services, implementation of population screening and management services for MASLD is critically needed.
Landslide Evolution Assessment Based on Sequential InSAR Methods in the Kunming Transmission Line Corridor
Authors: Wen Gang , Li Yizuo , Xie Chuhang , Zheng Zezhong , Ma Yi , Zhou Fangrong , Su Baiyan , Tang Huahui
Published: January 2025

The security of the transmission line corridor is an important guar- antee for the sustainable supply of electricity and an important prerequisite for the rapid development of the economy. Transmission corridors located in high mountains and valleys are often threatened by geological
disasters, which seriously affect their stable operation. This research investigates the landslide in the Kunming transmission corridor using 79 Sentinel-1A SAR images from July 2020 to October 2021. Using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods, deformation changes before
the landslide are analyzed. Factors like precipitation, lithology, and vegetation coverage demonstrate a correlation with landslide occurrence. Seasonal variations in deformation were related to precipitation. The landslide's primary causes are attributed to precipitation, carbonate karstification,
and vegetation coverage. Ultimately, this research establishes a correlation between deformation changes and influencing factors in the Kunming transmission corridor, contributing to a deeper understanding of landslide evolution and ensuring the corridor's security for sustainable electricity
supply and economic development.
Algoritmos e sistemas de inteligência artificial e(m) processos de produção de sentidos
Authors: Hashiguti Simone Tiemi , Costa Elizangela Patrícia Moreira da
Published: January 2025

Conforme os sistemas de inteligência artificial vão obtendo mais e mais investimentos e sendo desenvolvidos rapidamente para aplicações em diferentes setores e segmentos, e conforme vão ganhando alta popularidade entre o público em geral, a sua utilização demanda comedimento, atenção e pesquisa. Apesar de haver muitos benefícios no seu uso, temos acompanhado a expressão de preocupação por parte da comunidade científica, de intelectuais, ativistas e coletivos com relação à potencialidade igualmente danosa que esses sistemas computacionais apresentam para a sociedade. Pesquisas feitas em diferentes países têm mostrado como padrões de comportamento humano de exclusão e violência, tais como práticas de racismo e sexismo, têm se repetido nas soluções dadas por algoritmos em vários tipos de serviços informacionais, numa prova de que as ferramentas e o espaço digital podem ser igualmente coloniais. Também tem sido possível observar que o cotidiano linguageiro, textual e cognitivo da maior parte da população urbana global tem sido determinado pela sua relação com os algoritmos e sistemas de IA criados e mantidos pelas grandes corporações da área digital ou big techs. Nesse contexto, a partir de um olhar crítico sobre processos de produção de sentidos, este artigo tece reflexões sobre o assunto através de experimentos e da retomada de diferentes referenciais teóricos, que permitem vislumbrar problematizações discursivas, éticas e estruturais e desdobramentos sociais acerca desses sistemas. Particularmente, o texto introduz e compartilha proposições e resultados de pesquisas no campo dos estudos sobre a linguagem, e que estão documentados nos artigos submetidos para esta seção especial. Essas preciosas contribuições nos dão condição para expor o estado da arte das discussões em andamento na área, os quadros teórico-metodológicos que têm sido mobilizados e os corpora de pesquisa ou sistemas computacionais de maior interesse. Mais importante, eles nos permitem entender mais profundamente aspectos textuais, afetivos, políticos, econômicos e educacionais em torno da produção de sentidos que ocorre a partir e com algoritmos e sistemas de inteligência artificial.
Apresentação de ESTUDOS DA TRADUÇÃO E DA INTERPRETAÇÃO: NÚMEROS, TERMOS E QUESTÕES DE ENSINO
Authors: Esqueda Marileide Dias
Published: January 2025

Apresenta-se o número temático da Revista Letras & Letras intitulado Estudos da Tradução e da Interpretação: números, termos e questões de ensino. Esta iniciativa editorial se soma à trajetória de publicações da organizadora e do diretor da Revista e consolida nosso compromisso com os Estudos da Tradução e da Interpretação.
“Um diálogo criativo”
Authors: Cardoso Eduardo , Paganine Carolina
Published: January 2025

Principal referência literária sobre o mito, Ifigênia em Áulis de Eurípides reconta o episódio do sacrifício da filha mais velha do rei de Micenas, Agamêmnon. A obra foi adaptada ao cinema em 1977 no filme Ifigênia e em 2009 no longa-metragem Extranjera. O cineasta grego Yorgos Lanthimos, em seu filme O sacrifício do cervo sagrado, lançado em 2017, propõe um diálogo com o mito de Ifigênia; porém, diferentemente dos filmes anteriores, não se baseia totalmente no texto euripidiano e evita classificar o filme como uma adaptação da tragédia. Com base nos estudos de Hardwick (2003), Hutcheon (2013), Sanders (2006) e Nuñez (2019), o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a tragédia grega e a obra cinematográfica, o perfil do diretor e seus motivos para o tema e, depois, discutir, a partir de análises de momentos-chave na peça e no filme, se o longa de Lanthimos pode ser considerado uma adaptação ou uma apropriação cultural.
Educação Escolar Quilombola e Indígena no Brasil: contextos, redes e perspectivas
Authors: Silva Andréia Rosalina , Nascimento Ana Lídia Cardoso do , Katrib Cairo Mohamad Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

A educação escolar quilombola e indígena no decorrer da história da educação no Brasil sempre esteve vinculada a uma realidade de precariedade, empobrecimento, negação do respeito ao direito de suas especificidades e particularidades. No século XX, a partir dos princípios trazidos na Constituição Federal de 1988, relacionados a educação escolar, vislumbra-se possibilidades para a instalação de maior investimento, respeito as especificidades, construção de propostas pedagógicas que dialoguem com a realidade dos povos indígenas e quilombolas.  A partir daí se cria um elenco de políticas educacionais específicas nessa direção - diretrizes curriculares são aprovadas, surgem financiamentos para investimento nas escolas indígenas e quilombolas, formação de professores e professoras, há a consideração da educação intercultural, e em algumas cidades melhorias nas infraestruturas das escolas, dentre outras conquistas.
Initial Development and Validation of Questionnaire
Authors: Binti Ismail Alya Nadhirah , Widia Mirta , Binti Sukadarin Ezrin Hani
Published: January 2025

The lack of comprehensive tool to assess both risk factors of physical and psychosocial risk factors as well as fatigue level effectively is significant in similar field research. Therefore, the aim of this study is to do the initial development and content validation of a questionnaire that identifies and measures the risk factors influencing the fatigue levels. The questionnaire was developed by implementing adapt method followed by item generation in the initial development. This questionnaire was then validated in terms of content validation by expert panel reviews. The content validity result are as follows: 64-items out of 146-items scale had I-CVI below 1, 24-items with I-CVI of 0.8, and 3-items with 0.7, and the remaining items had I-CVI of below than 0.7.   The average value of CVR was 1, and the S-CVI/Ave of the questionnaire was 0.93. Items with content validity of 0.7 and above was maintained, therefore, the questionnaire ended with 87-items. Findings indicates that the questionnaire is valid for assessing the physical and psychosocial risk factors associating with the fatigue levels. This questionnaire can be made a tool in assessing workplace while promote efficiency through this comprehensive tool, contributing to a better understanding of occupational risks and potential interventions.
Editorial Volume 18 Issue 4
Authors: Smark Ciorstan , Mir Monir
Published: January 2025

Editorial Volume 18 Issue 4
External Peer-Review Models in Australian Accounting Schools: Current Status and Perceived Effectiveness
Authors: Ashraf Syed Fahad , Wilmshurst Trevor David , Sithole Seedwell T.M. , Horner Claire
Published: January 2025

This study examines the current landscape of External Peer-Review Models (EPRMs) in Australian Accounting Schools, providing insights on their prevalence and perceived efficacy. Adopting a theoretical framework rooted in legitimacy theory, the research investigates whether accounting schools align their practices with societal norms, particularly in response to changing regulatory environments. Utilising a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with 16 participants from both AACSB-accredited and non-accredited institutions in Victoria and New South Wales. Findings reveal diverse responses to EPRMs, with key findings emphasizing the importance of closing the loop in the Assurance of Learning cycle, calibration of learning standards, anonymity, credibility, prolonged engagement of external peers, and strategic partnerships with benchmarking institutions. Theoretical implications emphasize the role of EPRMs in assuring learning standards and maintaining legitimacy. This research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders in understanding the current state and perceived effectiveness of EPRMs in Australian Accounting Education.
Intellectual Capital, Innovation, and Performance of Indonesian MSMEs During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mulyadi Roza , Basuki B.
Published: January 2025

This research is important in examining the determinants of performance of MSMEs in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic from a non-financial perspective. This influence is meaningful for companies that non-financial intangible assets can affect the performance of MSMEs. This study looks at whether Intellectual Capital which consists of Human Capital, Structural Capital, Customer Capital, and Innovation, affects the performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses multiple regression analysis. The research sample is 308 MSMEs registered in Indonesia's Gofood and Grabfood applications. The results of hypothesis testing state that H1, H2, H3, and H4 are accepted. It shows that the variables of human capital, structural capital, customer capital, and innovation positively affect the performance of MSMEs. The performance of MSMEs in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic from a non-financial perspective was influenced by several factors, namely human capital, structural capital, customer capital, and innovation.
Auditor Work Environment and Professional Judgment in Audit: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Nugrahanti Trinandari Prasetya , Lysandra Shanti , Ashari Hasan
Published: January 2025

Auditors must become more professional due to the nature of the work environment in auditing, which requires them to make judgments and face many dynamics that arise during the auditing process. This study aims to analyze the work environment of auditors, which affects their professional judgment when auditing financial statements. This study uses quantitative and descriptive methods with convenience sampling techniques with auditor respondents who work at the Public Accounting Firm in the DKI Jakarta Region of Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that auditor behavior, work environment, and information technology positively affect professional judgment. Auditors who behave according to their professional code of ethics will use their professional judgment better and more appropriately when providing opinions on audited financial statements. A conducive work environment will make it easier for auditors to use their professional judgment better and more correctly in decision-making. The use of information technology helps auditors complete their work appropriately and efficiently so that they can better their professional judgment.
Dějiny medicíny, medikalizace a strategie historického poznání
Authors: Liepoldová Tereza
Published: January 2025

Tato studie se zabývá vývojem dějin lékařství od počátků až po současnost a zkoumá klíčové transformace a metodologické vlivy, utvářející toto pole. Zaměřuje se na dvě hlavní oblasti. První zahrnuje koncepty a intelektuální "obraty", ovlivňující výzkum dějin lékařství, včetně medikalizace, kulturního a lingvistického obratu, nového materialismu, obratu k emocím a obratu neurovědám, známém jako neurohistorie. Druhá oblast přináší analýzu toho, jak historické reflexe vedly k proměnám přístupů v rámci lékařství, zvláště v psychiatrii, ve smyslu průběžných debat o způsobech léčení duševních chorob. Text poukazuje na to, jak tyto změny nejen ovlivňovaly historické vědění, ale také zasahovaly do lékařské praxe a teorie. Text se také snaží prohloubit porozumění propojení historiografie, společnosti a lékařství a zároveň prezentuje nové výzvy, kterým čelí historici medicíny v rámci soudobých výzkumů.
Mechanistic Insights Into Persistent Bacterial Cystitis as a Basis for Vaccine Development: A Narrative Review
Authors: Serrano-Arevalo Karen , Naskar Manisha , Choi Hae Woong
Published: January 2025

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), which frequently lead to recurrent infections. These bacteria utilize several strategies to establish infection in the host; in particular, virulence factors such as fimbriae and α-hemolysin facilitate persistent infection, evade host immune responses, and minimize antibiotic exposure. To date, antibiotics have been the primary treatment for UTIs. However, an increasing emphasis has been placed on the need for UTI vaccines, with mucosal vaccine products now available in several countries. Additionally, vaccines targeting intracellular UPEC, utilizing adjuvants, are currently under development. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of uropathogens has enabled the development of new treatment approaches, paving the way for next-generation preventive and therapeutic methods that could effectively manage recurrent UTIs in the future.
Klebsiella pneumoniae-Induced Emphysematous Prostatic Abscess Accompanied by a Spinal Cord Infarction: Case Report
Authors: Jeh Seong Uk , Choi Min Sung , Kang Chang Seok , Kim Dae Hyun , Choi Jae Hwi , Choi See Min , Kam Sung Chul , Hwa Jeong Seok , Hyun Jae Seog
Published: January 2025

Various strains can be found in emphysematous prostatic abscesses (EPAs), but the most frequent causative organism is Klebsiella pneumoniae . Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae can disseminate to distant sites by forming a muco-polysaccharide network outside the capsule. Here, we present the first case of K. pneumoniae in an EPA accompanied by a spinal cord infarction. A 65-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to sudden-onset paraplegia after a 5-day history of fever, myalgia, and voiding difficulty. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a collection of air pockets in the prostate, and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensity in the thoracic spinal cord. The patient was initially treated with antibiotics and surgical drainage. On the third hospital day, therapeutic heparin was added after discussion with a neurologist. The patient had no inflammatory symptoms, experienced some improvement in paraplegia, and was discharged on the 14th hospital day. This study adhered to the case report guidelines.
Outbreak of Cystoscopy-Related Urinary Tract Infections With Pseudomonas aeruginosa in South Korea, 2022: A Case Series
Authors: Kim Beomsoo , Choi Young-Sin , Kang Jun-Koo , Ha Yun-Sok , Choi Seock Hwan , Kim Bum Soo , Kim Hyun Tae , Yoo Eun Sang , Kwon Tae Gyun , Chung Jae-Wook , Kim Tae-Hwan
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study conducted an epidemiological investigation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infections (UTIs) following cystoscopy at Chilgok Kyungpook National University Hospital.Materials and Methods: From May 16 to July 15, 2022, among 353 patients who underwent cystoscopy, 6 patients reported febrile UTIs following cystoscopy. They were admitted to the urology department of the hospital after visiting the Emergency Department. P. aeruginosa was found in the urine cultures of 4 of the 6 hospitalized patients. During the epidemiological investigation, no changes were observed in factors such as the reprocessing procedures for endoscopic equipment. Therefore, microbiological tests were performed using environmental samples derived from the endoscopic equipment and cleaning process.Results: P. aeruginosa was identified in a dual-enzymatic detergent (EmPower) used during the endoscope cleaning process. After changing the disinfectant and cleaning process, no further bacterial growth was observed in subsequent microbiological tests.Conclusions: This study highlights the potential of cystoscopes to serve as reservoirs for bacteria due to inadequate cleaning during the disinfection process. To minimize the risk of infections following cystoscopy, it is important to pay close attention to the reprocessing and cleaning of cystoscopes.
Denial as an ethical problem: the example of ICU triage in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Farmer Yanick , Bouthillier Marie-Eve
Published: January 2025

Objectives

The overall goal of this article is to show that denial is one of the greatest obstacles to good practical judgment and is therefore a major problem in clinical ethics by examining its cognitive structure and the challenges it poses for clinical ethics consultation and intervention. In addition to clinical examples, excerpts of verbatim from citizen forums on triage protocols will be used to illustrate the manifestations of denial in citizens when faced with difficult choices.

Case presentation

The initial waves of the pandemic and the alarming resurgence of cases with the emergence of highly transmissible variants have created increased pressure on many healthcare systems around the world. These critical situations have activated the potential for health authorities in different countries to use triage protocols to manage access to critical care. In several cases, public opinion was alerted, creating a climate of concern and even suspicion among the general population. These debates have highlighted both the importance and the difficulty of basing triage choices and the allocation of scarce resources on an ethical or moral reasoning that commands strong support. The obstacles to this consensus are numerous. There is, of course, the diversity of beliefs and values, but also a mechanism that has been very little documented in clinical ethics: denial.

Conclusions

Denial poses major problems for providers and professionals in healthcare settings. In the face of maladaptive behaviors such as denial, psychotherapy uses techniques that act on both the cognitive and affective levels. Many of these techniques require long-term work that can only be accomplished in the context of professionally supervised therapy, but some tips can be identified for mediation and the work of the clinical ethicist.
Diameter of Kähler currents
Authors: Guedj Vincent , Guenancia Henri , Zeriahi Ahmed
Published: January 2025

We establish upper bounds on the diameter of compact Kähler manifolds endowed with Kähler metrics whose volume form satisfies an Orlicz integrability condition.
Our results extend previous estimates due to Fu–Guo–Song, Y. Li, and Guo–Phong–Song–Sturm.
In particular, they do not involve any constraint on the vanishing of the volume form.
Moreover, we show that singular Kähler–Einstein currents have finite diameter, provided that their local potentials are Hölder continuous.
On 3-nondegenerate CR manifolds in dimension 7 (I): The transitive case
Authors: Kruglikov Boris , Santi Andrea
Published: January 2025

We investigate 3-nondegenerate CR structures in the lowest possible dimension 7, and one of our goals is to prove Beloshapka’s conjecture on the symmetry dimension bound for hypersurfaces in

C
4

\mathbb{C}^{4}

.
We claim that 8 is the maximal symmetry dimension of 3-nondegenerate CR structures in dimension 7, which is achieved on the homogeneous model.
This part (I) is devoted to the homogeneous case: we prove that the model is locally the only homogeneous 3-nondegenerate CR structure in dimension 7.
On context specificity and management reasoning: moving beyond diagnosis
Authors: Boyle James G. , Walters Matthew R. , Burton Fiona M. , Paton Catherine , Hughes Martin , Jamieson Susan , Durning Steven J.
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Diagnostic error is a global emergency. Context specificity is likely a source of the alarming rate of error and refers to the vexing phenomenon whereby a physician can see two patients with the same presenting complaint, identical history and examination findings, but due to the presence of contextual factors, decides on two different diagnoses. Studies have not empirically addressed the potential role of context specificity in management reasoning and errors with a diagnosis may not consistently translate to actual patient care.

Methods

We investigated the effect of context specificity on management reasoning in individuals working within a simulated internal medicine environment. Participants completed two ten minute back to back common encounters. The clinical content of each encounter was identical. One encounter featured the presence of carefully controlled contextual factors (CF+ vs. CF−) designed to distract from the correct diagnosis and management. Immediately after each encounter participants completed a post encounter form.

Results

Twenty senior medical students participated. The leading diagnosis score was higher (mean 0.88; SEM 0.07) for the CF− encounter compared with the CF+ encounter (0.58; 0.1; 95 % CI 0.04–0.56; p=0.02). Management reasoning scores were higher (mean 5.48; SEM 0.66) for the CF− encounter compared with the CF+ encounter (3.5; 0.56; 95 % CI 0.69–3.26; p=0.01). We demonstrated context specificity in both diagnostic and management reasoning.

Conclusions

This study is the first to empirically demonstrate that management reasoning, which directly impacts the patient, is also influenced by context specificity, providing additional evidence of context specificity’s role in unwanted variance in health care.
Intergenerational Scars: The Impact of Parental Unemployment on Individual Health Later in Life
Authors: Ubaldi Michele , Picchio Matteo
Published: January 2025

This paper studies whether individuals that experienced parental unemployment during their childhood/early adolescence have poorer health once they reach the adulthood. We used data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 2002 until 2018. Our identification strategy of the causal effect of parental unemployment relied on plant closures as exogenous variation of the individual labor market condition. We combined matching methods and parametric estimation to strengthen the causal interpretation of the estimates. On the one hand, we found a nil effect for parental unemployment on mental health. On the other hand, we detected a negative effect on physical health, which is stronger if parental unemployment occurred in late periods of the childhood and heterogeneous across gender. The negative effect of parental unemployment on physical health may be explained by a higher alcohol and tobacco consumption later in life.
Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite from Ariidea fish bone as reinforcement material for (chios mastic gum: papyrus vaccine pollen) bio composite bony scaffold
Authors: Kadhum Sally AbdulHussain
Published: January 2025

The large bone defect is still the main challenge in bone tissue engineering which can be solved using a scaffold. In the present study, a biological composite composed of chios mastic gum and 30 wt.% papyrus vaccine pollen has been reinforced with 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt.% of hydroxyapatite particles obtained through alkaline hydrolysis from Ariidea fish bone. The outcomes evinced that the (chios mastic gum: 30 wt.% papyrus vaccine pollen: 1 wt.% hydroxyapatite) sample exhibited a higher compressive strength in all the prepared samples which is in the range of the compressive strength of human cancellous bone. Both atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope morphological analyses confirmed that the papyrus vaccine pollen and hydroxyapatite particles were distributed consistently and homogeneously throughout the chios mastic gum. The prepared bone scaffold has the potential to be used for bone tissue engineering.