bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selbstorganisation von Coiled‐Coils in der synthetischen Biologie: Inspiration und Fortschritt
Authors: Robson Marsden Hana , Kros Alexander
Published: April 2010

Die biologische Selbstorganisation ist ein sehr komplexer Vorgang und lässt sich im Grunde als Bottom‐up‐Synthese verstehen, die biomolekulare Bausteine von präzise festgelegter Form, Größe, Hydrophobie und Funktionalisierung zu Funktionsmaterialien zusammenfügt. Im Bereich der supramolekularen Chemie haben Wissenschaftler von den Selbstorganisationsvorgängen in der Natur gelernt, wie sich das Zusammenspiel vieler kleiner Kräfte beherrschen lässt, um zu komplexen selbstorganisierten Nanomaterialien zu gelangen. Das Coiled‐Coil‐Motiv ist ein in der Natur weit verbreiteter Baustein, der außerdem ein großes Potenzial in der synthetischen Biologie hat. In diesem Aufsatz untersuchen wir die Rolle des Coiled‐Coil‐Motivs in der natürlichen Selbstorganisation und fassen zusammen, welche Fortschritte bei der Verwendung dieses Motivs in der Synthese von funktionellen Einheiten, Aggregaten und Systemen erzielt wurden.
Cyclopamin und der Hedgehog‐Signaltransduktionsweg: Chemie, Biologie, medizinische Perspektiven
Authors: Heretsch Philipp , Tzagkaroulaki Lito , Giannis Athanassios
Published: April 2010

Als Odysseus nach zehnjähriger Belagerung siegreich das zerstörte Troja verließ, ahnte er nicht, welchen Prüfungen er sich noch zu stellen haben würde. Das Zusammentreffen mit dem Zyklopen, jenem riesigen Wesen mit nur einem Auge mitten auf der Stirn, gehörte ohne Zweifel zu den seltsamsten und gleichzeitig gefährlichsten seiner Erlebnisse – mithilfe eines Schafes gelang ihm schließlich die Flucht. Dass Homers Beschreibung des Zyklopen durch schrecklich fehlgebildete Neugeborene inspiriert wurde, ist nur Vermutung. Als allerdings Farmer in Idaho Mitte des letzten Jahrhunderts eine Häufung von zyklopenartigen Lämmern in ihren Herden verzeichneten, wurde eine Kaskade aus chemischen, biochemischen und medizinischen Entdeckungen in Gang gesetzt, die in ihrer Art einzigartig ist. Der vorliegende Kurzaufsatz soll diese Geschichte nachzeichnen und ihre Auswirkungen auf die heutige medizinisch‐chemische Forschung beleuchten.
Degradation of poly(ethylene glycol) by electrolysis during the Cu electroplating: A combined experimental and density functional theory study
Authors: Won Yong Sun , Cho Donghyun , Kim Yunhee , Lee Jinuk , Park Sung Soo
Published: April 2010

The polymer additives are key factor materials in the Cu electroplating process, essential for controlled acceleration and inhibition of Cu deposition. In this study, the degradation behavior of a polymer additive—poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)—during the Cu electroplating was investigated by MALDI‐TOF MS technique. The PEG was completely degraded after 4 h at a constant electric current density of 13 mA/cm2, whereas it showed no degradation without an electric field even at a very low pH (pH < 1). The pathways and energetics of PEG degradation by electrolysis in aqueous chloride medium was investigated using density functional theory calculations at the same time. It demonstrated how facile the decomposition of PEG internal radical is, which is generated via the hydrogen abstraction from PEG by hydroxyl radical formed at the anode in aqueous chloride medium under an electric field. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Optimal designs for constant‐heating‐rate differential scanning calorimetry experiments for polymerization kinetics:nth‐order kinetics
Authors: Mannarswamy Aravind , Munson‐McGee Stuart H. , Steiner Robert , Johnson Charles L.
Published: April 2010

Optimal designs have been constructed for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments conducted under constant‐heating‐rate conditions for materials that area prioriassumed to follownth‐order kinetics. Two different operating scenarios are considered, including single‐scan and multiscan DSC experiments for eight different kinetic parameter combinations representing a range of typical polymeric curing reactions. The resulting designs are studied to determine which kinetic model parameters are influential in determining the optimal design. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Spontaneous transesterification reactions between poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) at the interface
Authors: Zhang Jianbin , Luo Lian , Lyu SuPing , Schley Jim , Pudil Bryant , Benz Mike , Buckalew Adam , Chaffin Kim , Hobot Chris , Sparer Randy
Published: April 2010

Poly(lactide) (PLA) and its copolymers can be made from naturally occurring materials. They are ideal candidates as sustainable materials to replace the petroleum based polymers. However, these polymers often are brittle so toughening is needed. One of the most effective toughening methods is to reactive blend brittle polymers with materials having very different rigidity. This approach requires that the two materials chemically bond with each other at the interface to compatibilize the blends. Thus, to design and make reactive systems is a key to the success of reactive blending. In this article, we studied toughening poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) with a rubbery material poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC). We observed that PTMC spontaneously reacted with PLGA during melt blending. The reaction produced PLGA‐co‐PTMC copolymers that stayed at the PLGA/PTMC interface. Those copolymers not only helped to create a stable blend microstructure at a length scale of 100 nm but also promoted the bonding between the PLGA and PTMC domains. It is interesting that the reaction did not need a catalyst or initiator. We speculated that this reaction between PLGA and PTMC was a transesterification reaction. This reaction is easy to achieve and is expected to broaden the property range of the PLGA and other degradable polyesters, enabling them to replace certain types of petroleum based polymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Intrinsic viscosity–number average molecular weight relationship for poly(1,4‐butylene adipate) diol
Authors: Yin Na , Zeng Zuo‐Xiang , Xue Wei‐Lan
Published: April 2010

The relationship between number average molecular weight (Mn) and intrinsic viscosity ([η]) was studied for poly(1,4‐butylene adipate) diol (PBAD) in tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and ethyl acetate at 25°C. Thus, a series of PBAD samples were prepared by polymerization between 1,6‐adipic acid and 1,4‐butanediol. The values of Mn for the samples were determined by end‐group analysis as well as by ebulliometry, and the average difference of Mn between the two analysis ways was about 2.69%. The Mark–Houwink–Sakurada equations for PBAD were obtained to relate [η] with Mn in the range of 1900–10,000. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Display forming polymer/liquid crystal composite layers and their stability against external mechanical distortions
Authors: Bauer M. , Hartmann L. , Kuschel F. , Seiler B. , Noack E.
Published: April 2010

The liquid crystal display (LCD) technology is confronted with the task to substitute rigid glass plates enclosing the electro‐optically active liquid crystal (LC) material by plastic substrates. In particular, the commercialization of flexible displays requires a sufficient stabilization against external mechanical distortions. To achieve LC layer stabilization, several procedures have been suggested. In this work, the thermal‐induced phase separation (TIPS) technique has been applied to generate composite films consisting of LC compartments which are encased by coherent polymer walls after binodal phase separation. Composite films were prepared from a series of poly(methacrylates) and various commercial nematic LC mixtures. Furthermore, the use of copolymers as well as binary blends from “hard” and “soft” poly(methacrylates) broadens the possibilities to control the film morphology. To compare different polymer/LC composite films regarding their stability under compression load, the samples were investigated by indentation tests using an inverse reflected‐light microscope combined with a digital image acquisition technique. The deformation of the composite layers was evaluated by the uniDAC image analysis which relies on the more general method of Digital Image Correlation (DIC). Some of the fabricated composites show a remarkably high indentation resistance, especially such prepared from poly(1‐tetralyl methacrylate) and poly(4‐tert‐butylcyclohexyl methacrylate). The results facilitate the selection of suitable composite systems for the fabrication of mechanically stabilized flexible LC displays. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Treatment with rapamycin prevents fibrosis in tight‐skin and bleomycin‐induced mouse models of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Yoshizaki Ayumi , Yanaba Koichi , Yoshizaki Asako , Iwata Yohei , Komura Kazuhiro , Ogawa Fumihide , Takenaka Motoi , Shimizu Kazuhiro , Asano Yoshihide , Hasegawa Minoru , Fujimoto Manabu , Sato Shinichi
Published: April 2010

Objective

Rapamycin, a novel macrolide immunosuppressive drug, is increasingly used as an agent for posttransplant immunosuppression and treatment of autoimmune disease. The molecular mechanism related to rapamycin‐mediated immunosuppression is that rapamycin binds to FK‐506 binding protein 12, and the formed complex inhibits the function of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which in turn reduces protein phosphorylation, cell cycle progression, and cytokine production. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of rapamycin against the development of fibrosis and autoimmunity in 2 different types of systemic sclerosis (SSc) model mice.

Methods

Tight skin (TSK/+) mice and bleomycin‐ induced SSc model mice were used to evaluate the effect of rapamycin on fibrosis and immunologic abnormalities. Furthermore, the antifibrotic effect of rapamycin was assessed using TSK/+ mouse fibroblasts.

Results

Treatment with rapamycin reduced skin fibrosis of TSK/+ mice and skin and lung fibrosis of bleomycin‐induced SSc model mice. The production of fibrogenic cytokines, such as interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), IL‐6, IL‐17, and transforming growth factor β1, was attenuated by rapamycin. Hypergammaglobulinemia and anti–topoisomerase I antibody production were also reduced by rapamycin treatment in TSK/+ mice. In addition, mTOR expression levels were increased in TSK/+ mouse fibroblasts compared with those in wild‐type mouse fibroblasts. Rapamycin treatment inhibited proliferation and collagen production of TSK/+ mouse fibroblasts in a dose‐dependent manner.

Conclusion

This study is the first to show that rapamycin has a significant inhibitory effect on fibrosis in both TSK/+ and bleomycin‐induced SSc model mice. These results suggest that rapamycin might be an attractive candidate for clinical trials in SSc patients.
Hybridization of Long Pyridine‐Dicarboxamide Oligomers into Multi‐Turn Double Helices: Slow Strand Association and Dissociation, Solvent Dependence, and Solid State Structures
Authors: Baptiste Benoit , Zhu Jiang , Haldar Debasish , Kauffmann Brice , Léger Jean‐Michel , Huc Ivan
Published: April 2010

Oligoamides of 2,6‐diaminopyridine and 2,6‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid comprised of 5, 7, 9, 11, or 13 units and bearing 4‐isobutoxychains on all pyridine rings and tert‐butyl‐carbamate terminal groups have been synthesized stepwise, along with an 11 mer having benzyl‐carbamate terminal groups. The crystal structure of all five Boc‐terminated compounds has been obtained and shows a highly regular and conserved double helical hybridization motif of up to 3 complete turns for the 13 mer. Four pyridine units span one helical turn and define a helix pitch of ca 7 Å. Solution studies in CDCl3 demonstrated that the Boc‐terminated oligomers strongly hybridize in this solvent, and that Kdim values increase with oligomer length. The Kdim values are 31000 and 7×105 L mol−1 for the 7 mer and the 9 mer, respectively, and are too high to be measured by NMR for the 11 mer and the 13 mer. Hybridization and dissociation kinetics at 2 mM proceed at decreasing rates upon increasing oligomer length. The rate was faster than minutes for the 7 mer, of the order of hours for the 9 mer, and days for the 11 mer and 13 mer. The same trend was observed in [D5]pyridine but with considerably lower Kdim values and faster kinetics. The benzylcarbamate 11 mer was also found to hybridize into a double helix but with reduced Kdim values and faster kinetics compared to its Boc‐terminated analogue. Combined with previous studies, the results presented here frame a global understanding of the hybridization of these pyridinecarboxamide oligomers and provide useful guidelines for the design of other artificial double helices.
On orderings and bounds in a generalized Sparre Andersen risk model
Authors: Cheung Eric C. K. , Landriault David , Willmot Gordon E. , Woo Jae‐Kyung
Published: April 2010

A generalization of the Gerber–Shiu function proposed by (Cheung et al., Scand. Actuarial J., in press, 2010) is used to derive some ordering properties for certain ruin‐related quantities in a Sparre Andersen type risk model. Additional bounds and/or refinements can be obtained by further assuming that the claim size and the interclaim time distributions possess certain reliability properties. Finally, numerical examples are considered to compare the exact solution to the bounds. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Personality disorders and biosocial trait theories: The argument for radical legal reform
Authors: Peters David C.
Published: April 2010

This article reviews antisocial personality disorder, psychopathy, and violence and develops a three factor model of personality traits. Then a discussion of related personality disorders precedes the development of a categorical two factor model of impulsive versus remorseless violence. A paradigm of proactive, medical, and school based early intervention and prevention is advocated as a useful addition to the reactive detention of criminal justice. Integration of psychological tests, neuroimaging, and genomic data in early childhood and school based intervention strategies to prevent the development of conduct disorder and attenuate criminal propensity inform this approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The knee kinematic pattern associated with disruption of the knee extensor mechanism in ambulant patients with diplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: O'Sullivan Rory , Walsh Michael , Kiernan Damien , O'Brien Tim
Published: April 2010

Failure of the knee extensor mechanism is a potentially disastrous complication of diplegic cerebral palsy and if left undiagnosed may lead to a cessation of independent walking. The disruption of the extensor mechanism usually occurs through or distal to the patella. The aim of this article is to describe the knee kinematic pattern associated with such knee pathology. We also present a mathematical model of knee crouch that leads to this problem. In a retrospective review of patients with radiographically proven disruption, we compared the postfailure clinical and kinematic data to premorbid data. All patients included in this study had attended our clinical Gait Analysis Laboratory on two occasions. In the patients with disruption of the extensor mechanism, the kinematic pattern changed from crouch with shock absorption to one of increased crouch and loss of shock absorption. Clinical characteristics included knee flexion contracture and increased hamstring tightness. We demonstrate how the prefailure crouch position of the knee increases the flexor moment arm about the knee. We suggest that this knee crouch position during walking is the primary cause of pathology. Failure of the knee extensor mechanism is associated with a distinctive knee kinematic pattern. Regular gait analysis can help identify this pathology and enable treatment to be planned accordingly. Clin. Anat. 23:586–592, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The potential complications of open carpal tunnel release surgery to the ulnar neurovascular bundle and its branches: A cadaveric study
Authors: Boughton O. , Adds P. J. , Jayasinghe J. A. P.
Published: April 2010

This study investigated the ulnar artery and the ulnar nerve and its branches in the palm to assess how frequently they may be at risk of damage during open carpal tunnel release surgery. Twenty‐one formalin‐embalmed cadaveric hands were dissected, and the proximity of the ulnar neurovascular bundle to two different lines of incision, the 3rd and 4th interdigital web space axis and the ring finger axis, was assessed and compared. It was found that an incision in the latter (ring finger) axis put the ulnar artery at risk in 12 of 21 specimens, whereas an incision in the former axis (3rd/4th interdigital web space) put the ulnar artery at risk in only two specimens. In 15 hands at least one structure (the ulnar artery or a branch of the ulnar nerve) was at risk in the ring finger axis compared to only seven hands in the axis of the 3rd/4th interdigital web space. We conclude that the ulnar artery and branches of the ulnar nerve are at increased risk of damage with an incision in the axis of the ring finger. The importance of using a blunt dissection technique under direct vision during surgery to identify and preserve these structures and median nerve branches is emphasized. Clin. Anat. 23:545–551, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Remote control laboratory for DSP‐controlled induction motor drives
Authors: Tekin Ahmet , Ata Fikret , Gökbulut Muammer
Published: April 2010

This article presents an Internet‐based remote laboratory for digital signal processor (DSP)‐controlled induction motor (IM) drive. The remote experimental rig uses MATLAB/Simulink compatible dSPACE DS1104 signal processor to realize the control algorithm, current control, and PWM modulation. MATLAB Real‐Time Workshop (RTW) environment provides the real‐time operation using a PC and I/O boards and, therefore, application files required for conducting the experiment in laboratory environment can be prepared with the RTW and dSPACE real‐time interface (RTI). Also a graphical‐user interface can be designed using the dSPACE ControlDesk Developer (CDD). However, for implementation of remote laboratory, interface software between local application and remote users should be developed, since the MATLAB Web Server (MWS) does not allow online access to some hardware such as DS1104 used in this study. For this purpose, an interface using the Python code is developed for remote automation of the ControlDesk. Furthermore, server–client communication software with Delphi programming language is developed for remote implementation of the experiment. Using the user‐friendly interface, the Internet‐based remote laboratory allows the students to conduct the experiment by changing the predefined control parameters online or uploading the controller designed by the user and then to observe system responses in numerical, graphical, or video format on the remote computer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 702–712, 2012
Abnormal Behaviour of Allenylsulfones under Lu’s Reaction Conditions: Synthesis of Enantiopure Polyfunctionalised Cyclopentenes
Authors: Núñez Alberto , Martín M. Rosario , Fraile Alberto , García Ruano José L.
Published: April 2010

Formal [3+2] cycloadditions of 5‐alkoxyfuran‐2(5H)‐ones 1 and 2 with allenylsulfones 3–5, promoted by different nucleophiles, afford 3‐alkoxy‐5‐arylsulfonyl‐3,3 a,6,6 a‐tetrahydro‐1H‐cyclopenta[c]furan‐1‐ones in good yields with complete control of both regio‐ and π‐facial selectivity. The incorporation of a sulfinyl group on the furanone ring enhances the reactivity of the furanones and allows the synthesis of optically pure, bicyclic adducts in good yields. Allenylsulfones evolve through a different mechanism to that proposed for allenoates (Lu’s reaction) and afford bicyclic adducts in which the sulfonyl group is joined to C‐5. This has advantages on the stereochemical control of further reactions leading to enantiomerically pure polyfunctionalised cyclopentenes and cyclopentanes.
Pd‐Catalyzed CN Bond Formation with Heteroaromatic Tosylates
Authors: Mantel Mette L. H. , Lindhardt Anders T. , Lupp Daniel , Skrydstrup Troels
Published: April 2010

A protocol for the palladium(0)‐catalyzed amidation of heteroaromatic tosylates was successfully developed. The methodology proved to be effective for a variety of heteroaryl tosylates including the pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline and quinoxaline ring systems. Successful carbonnitrogen bond formation with these heteroaryl tosylates could be performed with a wide range of primary amides, oxazolidinones, lactams, anilines and indoles, including one cyclic urea. Moreover, this CN bond forming reaction provided products with high structural diversity. The coupling reaction was also amenable to scale up applications.
Solvent‐Dependent Self‐Discrimination of Bis(2‐hydroxyphenyl)diamides
Authors: Matsuzawa Akinobu , Nojiri Akihiro , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: April 2010

Solvent‐dependent, self‐discrimination of diamides is described. Mixing a solution of (R)‐1 a and (S)‐1 a, which are valine‐derived, bis(2‐hydroxyphenyl)diamide‐bearing, multiple hydrogen‐bonding modules, in dichloromethane immediately led to the formation of a thick suspension comprising a 1:1 heterochiral aggregate of 1 a. The solubility of heterochiral 1 a was substantially lower in halogenated solvents than in ethyl acetate. A perusal of racemic crystal structures obtained from chloroform and ethyl acetate revealed a significant difference in the crystal‐packing pattern, which is likely to be the basis for the pronounced difference in solubility. Specific self‐discrimination of 1 a in an ensemble of eight structurally related molecules showcased the specific aggregation through the hydrogen‐bonding network of the bis(2‐hydroxyphenyl)diamide framework. The low solubility of heterochiral 1 a in halogenated solvent was exploited to achieve high stereoselectivity in a catalytic asymmetric reaction by using a low enantiomeric excess sample of 1 a.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Doped Boron Nitride Cages as Competitive Candidates for Hydrogen Storage Materials.
Authors: Wu H. Y. , Fan X. F. , Kuo Jer‐Lai , Deng Wei‐Qiao
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Drastic Changes in Photoluminescence Properties of Multilayer Films Composed of Europium Hydroxide and Titanium Oxide Nanosheets.
Authors: Ida Shintaro , Sonoda Yuki , Ikeue Keita , Matsumoto Yasumichi
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Conductivity of Ce3NF6.
Authors: Noetzel Gerd , Schweda Eberhard , Wiemhoefer Hans‐Dieter
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Magnetic Properties of Metal Telluromolybdates MxM′1‐xTeMoO6 (M, M′: Mn, Co, Cd).
Authors: Suzuki Ryo , Doi Yoshihiro , Hinatsu Yukio
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of CsCuNd2Se4 and CsCuGd2Te4: Two Non‐Isotypical Cesium Copper Lanthanide Chalcogenides with ∞1{[CuCh3]5‐} Chains of Vertex‐Shared [CuCh4]7‐ Tetrahedra.
Authors: Babo Jean‐Marie , Strobel Sabine , Schleid Thomas
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photooxygenation of Furans in Water and Ionic Liquid Solutions.
Authors: Astarita Anna , Cermola Flavio , DellaGreca Marina , Iesce Maria Rosaria , Previtera Lucio , Rubino Maria
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Oxidation of Alcohols Catalyzed by TEMPO‐Functionalized Polyethylene Glycol and Copper(I) Chloride in Compressed Carbon Dioxide.
Authors: Miao Cheng‐Xia , He Liang‐Nian , Wang Jin‐Quan , Gao Jian
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Propylphosphonic Anhydride (T3P®): A Remarkably Efficient Reagent for the One‐Pot Transformation of Aromatic, Heteroaromatic, and Aliphatic Aldehydes to Nitriles.
Authors: Augustine John Kallikat , Atta Rajendra Nath , Ramappa Balakrishna Kolathur , Boodappa Chandrakantha
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions with a Chelating Vinyl Ether and Arylboronic Acids: A New Heck/Suzuki Domino Diarylation Reaction.
Authors: Trejos Alejandro , Fardost Ashkan , Yahiaoui Samir , Larhed Mats.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Bifunctional Sulfonamide as an Organocatalyst: Alcoholysis of σ‐Symmetric Cyclic Dicarboxylic Anhydrides.
Authors: Honjo Takashi , Tsumura Takeshi , Sano Shigeki , Nagao Yoshimitsu , Yamaguchi Kentaro , Sei Yoshihisa
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Method for One‐Pot Reductive Cleavage of Acetals to Primary Alcohols Using a Bimetal Redox Couple CoCl2·6H2O‐Zn.
Authors: Sarma Kuladip , Goswami Amrit
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Addition to Nitroacrylates: Application Towards the Synthesis of 2,3‐Dehydroamino Acids and 2,3‐Diamino Acids.
Authors: Lewandowska Elzbieta , Wichlacz Kinga , Sobczak Adam J.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐MeC6H4I‐Mediated Efficient α‐Tosyloxylation of Ketones with Oxone® and p‐Toluenesulfonic Acid in Acetonitrile.
Authors: Tanaka Ayumi , Togo Hideo
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Alkynylzinc to Arylaldehydes Catalyzed by Azetidino Amino Alcohols Bearing and Additional Stereogenic Center.
Authors: Niu Jun‐Long , Wang Min‐Can , Lu Liu‐jie , Ding Guo‐Liang , Lu Hui‐Jie , Chen Qing‐Tao , Song Mao‐Ping
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐[2‐(1‐Benzoyl‐4‐methyldibenzothienyl‐2)benzo [b]thienyl‐3]phenyl‐1‐ethanone (IV) — A New Product of the Reaction of 1‐Methyl‐3‐phenylbenzothieno[2,3‐c]pyrilium Perchlorate with Nucleophilic Reagents.
Authors: Tolkunov S. V. , Kryuchkov M. A. , Zubatyuk R. I. , Shishkin O. V.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Unsubstituted, N‐Substituted Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Hirano Keiichi , Biju Akkattu T. , Glorius Frank
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromo‐Directed N‐2 Alkylation of NH‐1,2,3‐Triazoles: Efficient Synthesis of Poly‐Substituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐jun , Sidhu Kanwar , Zhang Li , Campbell Scot , Haddad Nizar , Reeves Diana C. , Krishnamurthy Dhileepkumar , Senanyake Chris H.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐ and Gold‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Rearrangement of Propargylic Alcohols Tethered with Methylenecyclopropanes: Stereoselective Synthesis of Allenylcyclobutanols and 1‐Vinyl‐3‐oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan‐8‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Yao Liang‐Feng , Wei Yin , Shi Min
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Four‐Component Catalyst‐Free Reaction in Water: Combinatorial Library Synthesis of Novel 2‐Amino‐4‐ (5‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitrile Derivatives.
Authors: Kumaravel Kandhasamy , Vasuki Gnanasambandam
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Domino Oxa‐Michael—Aldol‐Reaction Reinvestigated: A New P‐Based Organocatalyst for Xanthenone Scaffolds.
Authors: Ay Sefer , Gerard Emilie M. C. , Shi Min , Braese Stefan
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibiting Deactivation of Iridium Catalysts with Bulky Substituents on Coordination Atoms.
Authors: Wang Duo‐Sheng , Zhou Juan , Wang Da‐Wei , Guo Yin‐Long , Zhou Yong‐Gui
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Analgesic, Anticonvulsant and Antiinflammatory Activities of Some Synthesized Benzodiazipine, Triazolopyrimidine and Bis‐imide Derivatives.
Authors: Said Said A. , Amr Abd El‐Galil E. , Sabry Nermien M. , Abdalla Mohamed M.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient One Pot Synthesis of 3‐Cyano‐9‐methyl‐2‐methylthio‐4‐oxo‐4H‐pyrimido[2,1‐b]pyrimido [4,5‐b]quinoline and Its Reactions with Selected Nucleophiles.
Authors: Vartale Sambhaji P. , Bhosale Vijay N. , Khansole Sandeep V. , Katapalle Ramdas N.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Approach Towards Synthesis of Octahydroquinazolinone Derivatives in Water.
Authors: Lin Hai‐Xia , Xie Xiao‐Zhen , Wang Xiao‐Hong , He Bin
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Studies of Some New Fused 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives Carrying 2,4‐Dichloro‐5‐fluorophenyl Moiety.
Authors: Bhat K. Subrahmanya , Poojary Boja , Prasad D. Jagadeesh , Naik Prashantha , Holla B. Shivarama
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Easy Access to Pyrimidine‐Fused Azocine Derivatives by Thiophenol‐Mediated Radical Cyclization via 8‐endo‐trig Mode.
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Mondal Shovan , Ghosh Debankan
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Carboesterification of Olefins.
Authors: Li Yang , Jardine Katherine J. , Tan Runyu , Song Datong , Dong Vy M.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated Allylic Disulfide Rearrangement for Conjugation of Thiols in Protic Media.
Authors: Crich David , Subramanian Venkataraman , Karatholuvhu Maheswaran
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Fuligocandines A (III) and B (V).
Authors: Pettersson Birgitta , Hasimbegovic Vedran , Bergman Jan
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclopentitols by Ring‐Closing Approaches
Authors: Kurteva Vanya B. , Afonso Carlos A. M.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Alkynylation of Imines by Cooperative Hydrogen Bonding and Metal Catalysis
Authors: de Armas Pedro , Tejedor David , Garcia‐Tellado Fernando
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for Heterocyclic Synthesis via Cascade Reactions Based on Ketenimines
Authors: Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrans and Related Heterocycles via Prins Cyclization: Extension to aza‐Prins Cyclization.
Authors: Olier Clarisse , Kaafarani Mustapha , Gastaldi Stephane , Bertrand Michele P.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanically Interlocked and Switchable Molecules at Surfaces
Authors: Davis Jason J. , Orlowski Grzegorz A. , Rahman Habibur , Beer Paul D.
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Survival Strategy: The Coevolution of the Camptothecin Biosynthetic Pathway and Self‐Resistance Mechanism.
Authors: Sirikantaramas Supaart , Yamazaki Mami , Saito Kazuki
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Medicinal Chemistry of Incretin Mimetics and DPP‐4 Inhibitors
Authors: Zettl Heiko , Schubert‐Zsilavecz Manfred , Steinhilber Dieter
Published: April 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
History, memory, and intractable conflict
Authors: Tint Barbara
Published: April 2010

This article is the first of a two‐part series that explores history and memory and their impact on long‐term, intractable conflict. Memory is strongly connected to narrative, commemoration, identity, and emotions and becomes embedded in societies fraught with long‐term conflict. The conflict resolution literature is explored in terms of how it addresses issues of the past. This article presents us with a deeper theoretical understanding of these issues, while the second will offer empirical research in this area and suggest implications for practice.
Single‐digit arithmetic in children with dyslexia
Authors: Boets Bart , De Smedt Bert
Published: April 2010

It has been suggested that individuals with dyslexia show poorer performance on those aspects of arithmetic that involve the manipulation of verbal representations, such as the use of fact retrieval strategies. The present study examined this in 13 children with dyslexia who showed normal general mathematics achievement and 16 matched controls. All children completed a multiplication and a subtraction task, which were specifically designed to elicit the use of retrieval and procedural strategies, respectively.

Our findings revealed that despite normal mathematics achievement, children with dyslexia were less accurate and slower in single‐digit arithmetic, particularly in multiplication. The reaction time data revealed an interesting group by operation interaction. Control children were significantly faster in multiplication than in subtraction, whereas no such operation effect was found in children with dyslexia. This suggests that in multiplication children with dyslexia used less retrieval or less efficient retrieval (or both). This is in line with the hypothesis that children with dyslexia may have difficulties with the verbal aspects of number and arithmetic, as retrieval strategies depend upon phonological representations in long‐term memory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enol Forms of 1,3‐Indanedione, Their Stabilization by Strong Hydrogen Bonding, and Zwitterion‐Assisted Interconversion
Authors: Sigalov Mark , Lemcoff N. Gabriel , Shainyan Bagrat , Chipanina Nina , Aksamentova Tamara
Published: April 2010

By analyzing NMR spectroscopic data, and supported by IR, UV/Vis, Raman, dielectrometry, and DFT techniques, a comprehensive study of the 1:2 adducts of picolinaldehyde and 1,3‐indanediones is presented. The parent indanedione derivative 5 exists in an equilibrium between all‐keto and enol forms, the latter being stabilized by an intramolecularO–H···N hydrogen bond. Only the all‐keto form was observed in the 5,6‐dimethoxy compound 6, whereas solely the enol tautomer was observed with its 5,6‐dichloro analogue 7. Polar solvents and low temperatures shift the equilibrium towards the enol tautomer in 5. The structure of adduct 8, formed with isonicotinaldehyde, prevents the formation of intramolecular O–H···N hydrogen bonds and thus it exists in the all‐keto form in low polar solvents. However, in DMSO solutions it adopts a zwitterionic form with a strong anionic O–···H···O hydrogen bond. Thus, the enol form in indanedione adducts was unequivocally characterized in solution and the factors that determine the keto–enol tautomerism, namely electronic effects, solvent, temperature, and intramolecular hydrogen bonds, have been methodically studied by spectroscopic and quantum mechanical methods.
Chiral CE‐MS
Authors: Simó Carolina , García‐Cañas Virginia , Cifuentes Alejandro
Published: April 2010

This review article addresses the developments and applications of capillary electromigration methods coupled on‐line with MS for chiral analysis. The multiple enantiomeric applications of this hyphenated technology are covered including chiral analysis of drugs, food compounds, pesticides, natural metabolites, etc. in different matrices such as plasma, urine, medicines, foods, etc. This work intends to provide an updated overview (including works published till September 2009) on the principal chiral applications carried out by CZE‐MS, CEC‐MS and MEKC‐MS, discussing their main advantages and drawbacks in all their different areas of application as well as their foreseeable development in the not too distant future.
Removal of arsenic from synthetic and natural groundwater using acid‐activated laterite
Authors: Maiti Abhijit , Basu Jayanta Kumar , De Sirshendu
Published: April 2010

Acid‐activated laterite (AAL) is used to remove arsenic from synthetic and natural groundwater. Physicochemical characteristics of AAL, such as BET (Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller) surface area, pore volume, pore volume distribution, zero point of charge, and chemical composition, are studied and compared with raw laterite (RL). The BET surface area and pore volume of AAL are obtained as 45.4 ± 2.7 m2 g−1 and 0.063 ± 0.007 mL g−1, respectively. Zero point of charge of AAL is found to be 5.70 ± 0.22. Arsenite and arsenate adsorption on AAL are examined under varying process parameters such as adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature, particle size, initial arsenic concentration, and competitive ions in batch mode. Arsenic adsorption capacity of AAL increases by two‐ to threefold compared with RL. The kinetic data fit better to pseudo‐second‐order model. Transport properties, such as external mass transfer coefficient and effective pore diffusivity of arsenic species, are obtained from shrinking core model fit to experimental kinetic data. Continuous fixed bed column mode adsorption of arsenic on AAL is performed. About 200 bed volume (21 L) of arsenic contaminated groundwater (total arsenic: 378 ± 8.9 μg L−1) has been treated at a breakthrough concentration of 50 μg L−1 of arsenic by using column height of 20 cm (weight of adsorbent: 125 g). © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
Decolorization of levafix brilliant blue E‐B by electrocoagulation method
Authors: Akbal Feryal , Kuleyin Ayşe
Published: April 2010

In this study, the decolorization of Levafix Brilliant Blue E‐B by electrocoagulation method using aluminum and iron electrodes was investigated. The influence of the operating variables such as current density, initial pH, time of electrolysis, supporting electrolyte concentration on decolorization efficiency, and energy consumption was determined. The results show that aluminum electrode (Al) was more effective than iron (Fe) electrode in terms of decolorization efficiencies and operating costs. When the aluminum electrode was used, 99% decolorization was obtained at current density of 100 A/m2, initial pH of 5.5, electrolyte concentration of 5 mM, and electrolysis time of 20 min. The corresponding energy consumption and operating cost were found as 16.9 kWh/m3 and 2.921 $ per m3, respectively. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011