bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image Denoising Based on Membrane Energy Filter
Authors: Li Ya Wei
Published: June 2011

The traditional image denoising methods could effectively remove the noise. But the useful information in the detail abundant areas would be thrown off, and the edge appears mistiness. The search for efficient image denoising methods is still a valid challenge in image processing. This paper proposes a method for removing noise with keeping image detail in smoothness areas and detail abundant areas. The main focus of this paper is to define a general mathematical and experimental methodology to compare and classify classical image denoising algorithms. A bivariate rational interpolation with parameters is used in the algorithm. An interpolation surface is constructed using an image data as the interpolation data. According to the maximum and minimum membrane energy value of the interpolation surface, the noise pixel is detected. If it is a noise point, the value is replaced by the rank-ordered mean of the filter window and the membrane energy during noise removal. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other conventional methods and recently proposed methods in reducing noise and retaining details.
Analysis of Life-Cycle Fatigue for a Car’s Front Sub-Frame
Authors: Xu Jiang Tao , Song Yan Dong
Published: June 2011

This paper based on the data of enterprise’s bench test, first set up the finite element analysis model for the front sub-frame by using the of professional finite element analysis software and fatigue life analysis software, then got the distribution information (such as the situation and the cycles) for the front sub-frame after analyzing, with these messages not only easily found out the danger area, but also provided reference for bench test improving, once more found a method that can forecast the life for mechanical products.
Implementation of Human-Machine Interface Based on Electroencephalogram and Electromyography
Authors: Yang Geng Huang , Wang Fei Fei , Cui Shi Gang , Zhao Li , Meng Qing Guo , Chen Hong Da
Published: June 2011

The Electfoencephalogram (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) sampled from skin surface are the primary information to mirror the idea of human being. The human-machine interface based on EEG and EMG is used to control machine such as a robot. It is a new taste to apply this type of interface to some special condition such as an astronaut controlling the outside robot in a space ship. Digital signal processor (DSP) is used as sample EEG and EMG in the device. The feature of signal is extract by algorithm running in DSP to control the machine. The speech recognition based on fixed Chinese words is included in the device. Many tests proved that the developed device is capable to control the robot for key operation on a panel with high reliability.
Research on 3-D Contours Measuring Method with Linear Structured Light and its Development Trend
Authors: Fu Li , Cheng Tao
Published: June 2011

3-D contours measuring method based on linear structured light is one of the most active research topics in the domain of computer vision. The process of 3-D complicated curving plane measurement based on linear structured light is composed with the camera system calibration, the extracting of light stripes center, the acquisition of 3-D contours cloud data, its pretreatment technology and 3-D reconstruction. It has broad application prospects in the fields of industrial inspection, reverse engineering, medical care, robot vision, costume design, archaeology and so on. Its key technology, current development level and the commonly used treatment methods; the research difficulties and the future development trend have been pointed out also.
Blind Signal Separation of Strong Reverberation Based on a New Algorithm
Authors: Li Hu Xiong , Gu Fan
Published: June 2011

The major problem of blind source separation in frequency domain is the permutation ambiguity between different frequency bins, which is the key factor to recover the original sources correctly. A new idea is to consider the frequency components from the same source as a multivariate vector with a certain probability density function, and the vectors from different sources are independent each other. An algorithm based on this idea is proposed to solve the permutation ambiguity problem of BSS in frequency domain, and some approximate cost functions are compared with the existing algorithm in frequency domain. The computer simulations to two true speeches with strong reverberation are shown to verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Mixed-Model Flow Production Scheduling Method Based on Multi-Agent and Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Lai Ling Hong
Published: June 2011

To solve the dynamic and complex problem of production scheduling, depending on the introduction between multi-agent and hybrid genetic algorithm in mixed-model flow production scheduling, this paper proposed a mixed-model flow production scheduling method based on multi-agent and hybrid genetic algorithm. On the basis of this model, the mixed-model flow production scheduling procedure and strategy based on multi-agent and hybrid genetic algorithm were established. Finally, mixed-model flow production scheduling simulation system based on multi-agent and hybrid genetic algorithm was demonstrated and validated by QUEST software. It has shown the proposed method can improve the benefit of production scheduling, and provide a support for adapting to complex and dynamic production scheduling in mixed-model flow production.
Simulation Analysis on Wear-Resistance of Roller with Concave Surface
Authors: Yang Zhuo Juan , Chen You Quan , Yang Xiao Dong
Published: June 2011

Three dimensional finite element model of roller and sheet rolling process was first built according to roller and flattening sheet rolling wear characteristics by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. Total 10 rolling models including 1 smooth surface and 9 non-smooth surfaces were established to compare with wear resistance characteristics difference. Simulation results showed that comparing with smooth surface roll sample, the non-smooth roller surface with concaves possessed had higher Von Mises stress value with non-uniform fluctuation at mean value in favor of enforcing rolling sheet fluidity. On the other hand, some air concentrated on concave circumjacent area will low adhesion wear appearance between plate and roller. Thirdly, Concave on the roller surface was also able to protect from sliding at friction interfaces. It was these factors above that were in favor of improving wear resistance capability of the rollers. The result of the model tests and the simulation are identical.
Study on Improved Point Cloud Compression Algorithm with Features Reserved
Authors: Zhang Hong Fei , Cheng Xiao Jun , Liu Yan Ping
Published: June 2011

We introduce an improved compressing algorithm with features reserved for point cloud. Divided-box method is employed for compressing algorithm to improve the neighbor field searching efficiency, with which normal vector and curvature of points are calculated, and feature points are reserved according to reducing rule, finally, based on the octree theory, the smallest grid is refined until which reaches the minimum requirements, then reserve the most representative point of the smallest grid, remove the other points, and data reduction is done. Experimental results show that the compression algorithm conserved the features of point cloud with high efficiency.
Behavior of Super Long Span Cable-Stayed Bridges during the Construction
Authors: Liang Peng , Qin Zhong Ping , Wang Guo Xing
Published: June 2011

In order to accurately reflect the effects and the spatial and temporal variation of long span cable-stayed bridge during the construction process, this paper, based on total CR formulation and the catenary cable element, improves the existing methods of geometrically nonlinear analysis and then develops a new software for nonlinear analysis of bridge through the entire construction.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study of Leaf Spring Suspension
Authors: Qiu Jin Sheng , Meng Jie
Published: June 2011

By the universal testing machine and special fixture, the leaf spring suspension was tested for deformation, and based on nonlinear finite element theory, the suspension was analyzed. The calculation result is coinciding with test result.The finite element model established could be applied to design calculation and parameter optimization of leaf spring suspension.
A Brief Study on Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Car Rear Sub-Frame Based on Intelligent Materials
Authors: Shi Ying , Wang Liang
Published: June 2011

This paper uses a rear sub-frame as the mother model and uses Reverse engineering technology to measure the rear sub-frame point cloud through ATOS non-contact scanners. Then, the point cloud‘s data processing is completed in Imageware. Finally, the point cloud is imported into UG NX4.0 software, after a series of surface cutting, chamfer suturing and sheet thickening; the sub-frame’s three-dimensional model is established. Besides, we complete the static finite element analysis and modal analysis of the sub-frame’s three-dimensional model through the ANSYS software. The results of analysis support theoretical basis for the structural improvement of sub-frame.
The Damage of Sandwich Composite Structure of Aircraft Radome under Debris-Strike
Authors: Zhang Xiao Qing , Liu Xuan
Published: June 2011

The low and medium speed impact damage of sandwich composite structure of aircraft radome shield under debris-strike during takeoff and landing along runway is examined by numerical simulations, using nonlinear dynamic finite element analysis software LS-DYNA. For different impact velocities, the dynamic responses of aircraft radome shield are obtained and the damage in composite panel is clearly demonstrated. The relations of impact energy, maximum impact force and the damage state are analyzed. The simulation results can provide some references for the design of aircraft radome.
A Brief Study on the Characteristics of Tropospheric Wind Energy over Wuhan Based on Certain Energy Materials
Authors: Li Wei , Ma Hao Ge , Cai Zhi Wei
Published: June 2011

By analysing the wind data observed by radiosonde during 2000-2002 in Wuhan, zonal and meridional wind velocity, wind shear and energy were discussed. A winter maximum and a summer minimum of the zonal wind velocity which pace up and down between the height of 10-15km was found. The weaker variation of the meridional wind reflects the seasonal variation of gravity wave activity in the lower atmosphere. The energy variation show a trend stronger in winter and spring then in other seasons. A winter maximum and a summer minimum in the troposphere and lower stratosphere was also found, which ranged in similar height range as wind velocity. As a result, a strong correlation between horizontal wind velocity and kinetic energy can be infered.
Operation Principle and Torque Analysis for the Radial Driving Meshing Motor
Authors: Li Rui Hua , Ding Rui Hua
Published: June 2011

In this paper, a novel three phase radial driving meshing motor was introduced. The proposed motor translates the electrical energy into the mechanical energy to drive one rotor. Under the driving of electromagnetic force and restricting of the oldham coupling mechanism, the rotor was constrained to move by circle translation and drives the cycloid machine to output big torque. The control method was found, and the flux linkage characteristic was calculated through finite element method; additionally, the static torque was calculated utilizing the magnetic coenergy principle. The theory analysis is identical with the results obtained from the prototype experiments results. The prototype experiment and analysis testify the designed motor.
Design of Streaming Media Cluster Server Based on MPI
Authors: Xiong Qi , Zhang Hong Bo , Zhu Zheng Bei , Li Zu Ju
Published: June 2011

In recent years, cluster technology is used more wildly. In this paper, we present a new method to implement a streaming media cluster server. The server is constructed on a high performance cluster which consists of one control node, one storage node and 8 computing nodes. We wrote a parallel program with MPI which run on the cluster. The organization of MPI program is a master-slave scheme. The master interacted with users and scheduled task within slaves. Slaves called streaming media server which sent data directly to user. This can improve the system performance significantly. We can also guarantee the transparence of the service by single access point named IP Tunneling. The system was implemented under Linux platform and tested through simulation testing method. From the testing results, it can be confirmed that the whole system is well designed which achieves high performance, good robustness and high scalability.
Experimental Study of New High-Frequency Valve
Authors: Chen Li Dan , Ruan Jian
Published: June 2011

A double degree of freedom valve was designed. It has the functions of the radial direction rotary motion and the axial translation motion. In the electro-hydraulic vibrator, 2D valves are used to control hydraulic cylinder to achieve high-frequency vibration. The vibration frequency and amplitude are controlled by the speed and axial displacement in the spool valve core respectively. The vibration-exciting force signals and the displacement signals are obtained by adapting card under Delphi development. The real excited waveforms are analyzed, compared and studied.
Analysis on the Employment Elasticity Change Factors Based on Linear Regression Methodology
Authors: Niu Jia Mu
Published: June 2011

In recent years, the economy grows rapidly in Jilin province, and people’s life improves steadily, but at the same time, people has to face a sever employment situation. The changes on trend and characteristics of employment elasticity become flexible and fuzzy to predict with the development of society. By using linear regression methodology, employment situation of Jilin province is analyzed by taking primary industry employment elasticity, secondary industry employment elasticity, and tertiary industry employment elasticity into account. The calculation results show that three strata of industry employment elasticity has an increasing trend, and the total elasticity of employment is mainly driven by the second and tertiary industries.
Agricultural Robot Turning in the Headland of Corn Fields
Authors: Xue Jin Lin , Grift Tony E.
Published: June 2011

This article discusses the development of variable field of view (FOV) of camera to realize headland turning of an agricultural robot in corn fields. The variable FOV of camera was implemented to change direction of view of camera by two DC motors rotating separately in vertical and horizontal planes. Headland turning is executed in six steps: end of row detection and guidance, going blind for a distance, first 90˚ turning, position calculation, backing control, second 90˚ turning. Mathematically morphological operations were chosen to segment crops, and fuzzy logic control was applied to guide the robot. Three repetition tests were conducted to perform the headland turning. A maximum error of 17.4mm when using the lateral view and good headland turning operation were observed. It was successful for variable FOV to implement headland turning of the agricultural robot in corn fields.
A Method of Software Static Testing in the Presence of Runtime Exception
Authors: Jin Da Hai , Gong Yun Zhan , Yang Zhao Hong , Xiao Qing , Liu Chuan Chang
Published: June 2011

Control flow graph plays an important role in software static testing based on defect patterns, while the impact of runtime exception on control flow graph is not negligible. After the runtime exception control flow graph and exception pattern Finite State Machine were defined, an algorithm for fault detection in the presence of runtime exception was proposed. Basing on FSM for exception pattern, the feasible states and its condition are iterated along the node of control flow graph, while the abnormal status, which can throw a runtime exception, will be added into control flow graph as an edge automatically. Thus the static testing method can detect more defects by the control flow graph constructed dynamically. The experiment results show that, the static testing method in the presence of runtime exception can decrease defect false negative significantly.
Incentive Model of Information Sharing in the Supply Chain of Chained Drug Stores
Authors: Yue Shu Mei , Sun Jian Xun , Song Li Li , Guo Wei Jie
Published: June 2011

Incentive is an effective way for information sharing mechanism in a supply chain. All participants will obtain advantages during information sharing incentive. Based on the given cost and weights of participants, an incentive model is built to analyze profit and cost in the supply chain of chained drug stores. Relationship between information sharing effort and cost of the headquarter is proposed in the conclusion.
Kinematics Simulation of Proprioceptive Mechanism for Vehicle Driving Simulator
Authors: Zhang Chen , Xu Chang Yong , Zhang Li Yan
Published: June 2011

A proprioceptive mechanism of vehicle driving simulator is proposed to realize pitch, roll and vibration action of vehicle driving simulator based on application foundation of proprioceptive mechanism. The proposed mechanism has very simple structure and a brief description of this mechanism is given. The proposed proprioceptive mechanism is established based on CATIA V5 platform by using the virtual prototyping technology. The CATIA V5 motion simulation model is used to simulate the proposed proprioceptive mechanism by setting the parameters of source motion input and motion interference and motion characteristic is analyzed to provide design basis. The kinematics simulation results show that the designed proprioceptive mechanism for vehicle driving simulator can realize the design requirements and complete the proprioceptive actions.
The Viterbi Decoding Scheme for FPGA
Authors: Han Ke , Deng Zhong Liang , Xu Lian Ming
Published: June 2011

This paper analyzes the principle of Viterbi algorithm which can be used in the norm of the mobile communication system. Then a new Viterbi decoding scheme of (2, 1, 7) convolutional code is presented for FPGA implementation. To take advantage of the FPGA, a new branch weight algorithm and uniform state weight memories is used. At last, a new decoding circuit which can work on 35MHz and can achieve 120 kbs in decoding speed was designed. To use the design of survival path exchange register module, it can decrease the power consumption and the RAM size.
A Structure of Integrated Network Business Management System Base on RIA
Authors: Yang Qiong Hua , Yang Chun Mei
Published: June 2011

Through the research of current network manage system and RIA, a structure of integrated network business management system base on RIA is presented. With the advantages of high universality, comprehensive management, unrestricted location, richer, easy to deploy, cross-platform and lower maintenance cost, it solves the problems of higher cost, and single-minded management and restricting the location of manager in the current network manage system.
Active Disturbance Rejection Controller Based on Neural Network in the Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor Servo System
Authors: Wang Song , Wu Xiao Na
Published: June 2011

Permanent magnetic synchronous motor (PMSM) is a strong coupling and non-linear system. In the speed-loop of PMSM servo system controlled by active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC), it is difficult to ensure the estimation precision of disturbance by extended state observer (ESO) in the case of big disturbance. In the paper, the ADRC based on the artificial neural network (ANN) is applied to the speed-loop of PMSM servo system. The result of simulation shows that this algorithm has better anti-load-disturbance performance.
Fault Tree Analysis of “Mistakes, Forgetfulness, and Negligence” Accidents in ATC
Authors: Chen Ya Qing , Li Shi Gang , He Xin
Published: June 2011

The "mistakes, forgetfulness, and negligence" accidents in Air Traffic Control (ATC) have a great impact on flight safety. On the basis of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), the paper established the "mistakes, forgetfulness, and negligence" accidents in ATC fault tree, obtained all the minimal cut sets, and qualitatively analyzed the cause of accidents. According to survey data, the paper calculated the probability of the top event, as well as the probability importance degree coefficients and critical importance degree coefficients of basic events, and quantitatively analyzed the cause of accidents. The results show that the weak sense of responsibility, poor safety awareness, unsound rules and regulations, inadequate enforcement of rules and regulations, and high control office noise are the main factors leading to the accident. The paper provides ATC units with recommendations to establish solutions to "mistakes, forgetfulness, and negligence" accidents in ATC.
Constant Voltage Analysis of Permanent Magnet Generator
Authors: Pan Xue Hai
Published: June 2011

This paper discusses and analysis the constant voltage of vehicle applied permanent magnet generator. The permanent magnet can produce magnetic field in an air gap with no excitation winding and no dissipation of electric power, when the rotor turns, the magnet field turns, the generator generates electricity, with the permanent magnet material of high remnant magnetic induction and the optimized design of the generator, the output voltage is improved when the engine at low speed. We develop a single-phase double half-wave electric regulator is to ensure the stability of the output voltage and can direct output direct current.
Thermoelectric Powered Autonomous Wireless Sensor Module for Temperature Monitoring
Authors: Wang Wen Si , Wang Ning Ning , Hayes Michael , O'Flynn Brendan , O'Mathuna Cian
Published: June 2011

Wireless sensor networks are frequently used to monitor temperature and other manufacturing parameters in recent years. However, the limited battery life posts a constraint for large sensor networks. In this work, thermoelectric energy harvester is designed to effectively convert the heat into electrical energy to power the wireless sensor node. Bismuth telluride thermoelectric modules are optimized for low temperature conditions. Charge pump and switching regulator based power management module is designed to efficiently step up the 500mV thermoelectric voltage to 3.0V level for wireless sensor nodes. This design employs electric double-layer capacitor based energy storage with considerations on practical wireless sensor node operation. The implemented energy harvester prototype is proposed for Tyndall wireless sensor system to monitor temperature and relative humidity in manufacturing process. The prototype was tested in various conditions to discover the issues in this practical design. The proposed prototype can expect a 15 years operative lifetime instead of the 3-6 months battery lifetime.
Challenges and Solutions for Fabricating Isolation Trenches for High Aspect Ratio Sensors
Authors: Agarwal Rahul , Xie Jin , Lau Kia Hian , Sampath Praveen Kumar , Ranganathan Nagarajan , Singh Janak , Tsai Ming Lin Julius
Published: June 2011

A CMOS compatible integrated MEMS process for fabricating differential capacitance based sensor on SOI wafer is presented. High aspect ratio features are etched in the device layer of SOI wafer and are electrically isolated from each other and circuit elements except where interconnection is required using isolation trenches. The Isolation trenches are first etched on device Si to electrically isolate static combs while maintain the mechanical connection. This scheme results in high sense capacitance with increased SNR. Various considerations which need to be addressed for fabricating the isolation trenches are presented in this paper and the results using the example of an accelerometer are presented. Various isolation trench ends are designed and fabricated and the results are discussed.
Fabrication and Performance Characterization of a Disposable Micropump Actuated by Piezoelectric-Disc
Authors: Sun Ling Ling , Wang Shan Zhong , Li Ling Na , Guo Jin Lan , Binti Roseli Siti Fatimatuzzahra
Published: June 2011

Micropumps represent one of the major components in microfluidic technology. This paper describes the fabrication and performance testing of a simple, compact, inexpensive and disposable micropump suitable for microfluidic applications. The micropump was fabricated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) which was bonded permanently on glass substrate. Piezoelectric-discs were used to actuate the micropumps. As a flow-rectifying element, the diffusers were used instead of passive check valves. The performances of the micropump, such as pump rate, were characterized. The flow rate of micropump increases with enhancing the applied voltage to piezoelectric-disc due to the increase of diaphragm deflection. The flow rate of the micropump with diffusers were about 9 μl/min when applying a 20 V square wave driving voltage at 300 Hz. This prototype can be used as a platform to develop an inexpensive micropump which is suitable to be part of a disposable microfluidic system.
Three-Axis Capacitive SOI Accelerometer Using Combination of In-Plane and Vertical Comb Electrodes
Authors: Xie Jin , Agarwal Rahul , Lau Kia Hian , Liu You He , Tsai Ming Lin Julius
Published: June 2011

A three-axis capacitive accelerometer based on SOI is presented. Acceleration is detected by both in-plane and vertical comb electrodes. Separating the three-axis sensing with different groups of comb electrodes enables direct detection for each axis with full differential capacitive sensing scheme. The capacitance sensitivities of X and Y accelerometer are 160.7 fF/g and Z accelerometer 21.6 fF/g.
Investigation of Simple Process Technology for the Fabrication of Valveless Micropumps
Authors: Yunas Jumril , Johari Juliana , Bahadorimehr Ali Reza , Gebeshuber Ille C. , Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis
Published: June 2011

This paper presents a simple process technique for the fabrication of valveless micro-pumps. The process design utilizes standard MEMS process using double-sided anisotropic silicon wet etching process with an additional adhesive bonding technique. The diffuser and nozzle element of the pump with depth of 50 µm, as well as a 150 µm thick silicon membrane are designed and fabricated using only 3 patterning process steps. A piezoelectric plate working at the frequency range from 0.1 kHz to 2 kHz is bonded on to the back side of the silicon membrane to create the membrane actuation. The patterning process of thick photoresist used as the adhesive layer for the substrate bonding is also discussed in detail. The fluid flow is observed and the process reproducibility is proven which show a good prospect for the future development of miniaturized valveless pump for biomedical application.
Design Consideration of Membrane Structure for Thermal Actuated Micropump
Authors: Abdul Hamid Norihan , Yunas Jumril , Bahadorimehr Ali Reza , Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis
Published: June 2011

Movable thin film membrane is one of the crucial part in a thermal actuated micropump development that acts as actuator to control the fluid flow. The working principle of this device is due to pressure exchange produced by thermal expansion of air in an isolated chamber. In this paper a deformation analysis of actuator membrane deposited on silicon substrate using Finite Element Analysis (FEM) is reported. The analysis is aimed to study the mechanical and physical behavior of the actuator structure. Parameters such as shape, size, dimension, material and thickness of the membrane are studied to find the optimum design. Correlation between the pressure and membrane structure are also observed. Simulation results show that circular membrane shape gives the largest deflection due to the lowest stress on its edges compared with other shapes of membrane at the same pressure. It is also found that membrane deformation decreases with the increasing of the thickness. However, only suitable deformation will be chosen for the pump application due to the limited chamber space. Comparisons at four types of membrane materials in this analysis indicate that polyimide has the largest deflection. Furthermore, polyimide shows the best capability to handle very hot temperatures since its melting point is very high. It is also elastic, robust and easy to fabricate. From the results, an appropriate membrane parameter selection are important in designing the thermal actuated micropump.
Elasto-Plastic Stability Analysis of a Twin Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge with 195m High Single Pier
Authors: Zhou Shui Xing , Xu Jun , Li Yin Bin , Zhou Qian
Published: June 2011

Aiming at 195m high single pier of Hezhang Bridge, elasto-plastic stability analysis on static wind loads and temperature gradients at the longest cantilevered stage for single pier has been performed by ANSYS software. To overcome the problem on buckling of main girder ahead of piers, a loading way with concentrated force instead of uniform load was presented. A general expression of beam element-based temperature distribution along pier was given. Stability analysis under three different actions of wind load at the longest cantilevered stage was conducted according to Chinese Wind-resistent Design Specification for Highway Bridges. The results show that whatever static wind load or thermal gradient effect is, the inelastic stability factors against buckling are all over 3.0 and satisfy the engineering requirement.
Study on Web Parameters of Prestressed Concrete Composite Box Girder with Corrugated Steel Web
Authors: Yang Xia Lin , Niu Lin Min , Zhang Rong Ling , Wei Guo Xiang
Published: June 2011

Taken the Chongqing PC composite box girder with corrugated steel web for background , spatial finite element calculation model is set up by adopting the mixed unit, the influence about geometric parameters of corrugated steel perforation is analyzed by used linear and nonlinear finite element calculation of steel box girder .It shows that bending stress and warping stress was reduced by increasing the bending angle of corrugated steel webs of composite beams, while the buckling strength improved obviously; the ratio of the top slab and the floor slab maximum thickness of box girder to the corrugated steel perforation should be about 20; the mechanical properties of composite beams will be improved by reducing the length of straight slabs of corrugated steel webs.
Damage Monitoring and Field Analysis of Dynamic Responses of Ha Shuang Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Oblique Bridge before Strengthening
Authors: Naser Ali Fadhil , Wang Zong Lin
Published: June 2011

Ha Shuang Bridge is located in Harbin city within Heilongjiang province in the east north of China. The purposes of this study are to monitor the damage in structural members of Ha Shuang prestressed concrete box girder oblique bridge before strengthening and to evaluate the dynamic performance of the bridge structure by adopting dynamic load test. Monitoring process of damage of the bridge structure shows that the web of box girder in the quarter of the second span (about 10.5m from the pier) suffers from serious shear cracks. These cracks extend from the top to lower flange of box girder. The width of cracks rang from 0.5mm to 2mm and the angle is 45 degree. There are 6 bending cracks. The spacing between these cracks rang from 20cm to 30cm and the width is 035mm. In the span No. 3 near the pier, the web of box girder appears 12 diagonal cracks have width rang from 0.1mm to 0.12 mm. The results of dynamic load test analysis show that the values of measured vertical natural frequency is w1 = 3.616Hz and horizontal natural frequency w2 = 4.492Hz less than the values of theoretical natural frequency which is 3.863Hz and 4.848Hz, indicating that the actual stiffness of the bridge structure is less than the theoretical stiffness. Therefore the dynamic working state of bridge structure is not good. Therefore the working state of bridge is not good and it need to repair and strengthening.
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of a Large Aqueduct
Authors: Bai Bing , Li Yu He , Deng Xiao Shan
Published: June 2011

By use of large finite element analysis software, dynamic characteristics analysis is carried out for an aqueduct in South-to-North Water Transfer Project. Westergaard method and Housner method are used respectively to simulate the water. The natural frequencies and mode shapes (wet) of the aqueduct structure are calculated under two kinds of water depths (designed water depth, half water depth). The results show that the influence of the water on the dynamic characteristics of the aqueduct is obvious. Natural frequencies decrease with the increases of the water depth. The distinction between the two methods was analyzed: Housner method is closer to the practical engineering because both the pulsation effect and the convection effect of the water are considered. The results and conclusions can be referenced for seismic design of large aqueduct.
Dynamic Response Analysis of Large Aqueduct Structure
Authors: Bai Xin Li , Fan Yuan Yuan , Yu Wei , Wang Dan Fei
Published: June 2011

Dynamic response analysis is carried out for an aqueduct structure of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. The interaction of water and aqueduct wall is simplified using Housner method. Six different water depths (empty aqueduct, 1/4 water depth, 1/2 water depth, 3/4 water depth, designed water depth and full water depth) are considered and calculation is conducted using time-history analysis method. The variation rule of dynamic stress and dynamic displacement are gained under different water depths. Results show that water has great influence on aqueduct body and its dynamic response. Dynamic displacement and dynamic stress of the aqueduct structure increase with the aqueduct water level increases. When water depth is bigger, dynamic displacement response and dynamic stress response are later than corresponding earthquake excitation. The relative stiffness of the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam should be fully considered in order to reduce stress concentration of aqueduct body.
Application of Flexibility Method to a Chain Suspension Stiffening Beam Bridge
Authors: Niu Wen Jie , Wang Zhen Yu
Published: June 2011

This paper intended to determine the influence line for structural members in a Chain Suspension Stiffening Beam Bridge (CSSBB). In an engineering case, flexibility method determined the redundant bar force in CSSBB as the unit live load stayed at different positions on the main bridge beam. These calculated redundant bar forces composed the influence line. The foregoing flexibility method considers suspenders deformation. Results indicate that redundant bar force is maximal when the unit live load stays at the main beam midpoint in Figure 2. The redundant bar force in Figure 3 is the actual force in bar 3 in the actual structure in Figure 2. The redundant bar forces and internal load equilibrium equations can determine the influence lines for other structural members. Simple-supported Beam Bridge (SSBB) can be constructed easily while and wire (cable) suspension bridge are suitable when the bridge is to cross a wide river. CSSBB and arch bridge demonstrates less deflection and less moment at the beam midpoint than the SSBB.
Law of Stiffness Degradation of the PC Box-Girder Bridges with Web Cracking
Authors: Huang Hai Dong , Xiang Zhong Fu , Feng Rui Sheng
Published: June 2011

The webs of Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge suffer from cracking generally. In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of the box girder with cracked webs were studied. With reference of ChongQing JiangJin bridge, the 3-D solid FEM that employed with the smeared crack model was used to analysis the crack distribution. The law of reduced local stiffness and global stiffness on box girder with cracked sections was studied. At the same time, A sensitive analysis was performed to assess the effects of the effective prestress and reinforcement ratio on the cracking resistance and the reduced stiffness.
Experimental Research on Steel-Concrete Composite Bridge Towers with Different Cross Sections
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Xin Xin , Wang Chun Sheng , Xu Yue
Published: June 2011

Steel-concrete composite structure has been applied in bridge tower in recent years. In order to investigate the influence of different cross sections on the mechanical behaviors of composite bridge tower, two composite tower models with different cross sections, including rectangle and rectangle with chamfers, were designed and tested under axial compression. Through analysis of the local buckling modes and axial strain of the panels between the two models, it shows that in composite towers, compared with rectangle section, the section of rectangle with chamfers is more favorable in improving the capability of the tower to resist local buckling. For the panels in the chamfer have the smallest width-thickness ratio, so they can supply more advantageous support to their adjacent panels which are not in the chamfer and with the larger width-thickness ratio.
The Reasonable Finished Dead State Research of Partially Earth-Anchored Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Zhang Li Wen , Xia Rui Jie
Published: June 2011

Based on the mechanics characteristics of partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge, the criterion of reasonable finished dead state was presented. The effect factors considered include: the distribution of cable force, the inner force of girder and tower, the dimension of earth-anchor, and the displacement of tower top. Combined with methods to determine cable force of traditional self-anchored cable-stayed bridges in reasonable completed status, a two-stage method was used to find the cable force of these bridges which was divided into finding the initial cable force with rigid supported continuous beam method and then fix on the final optimized cable force in the reasonable completed status through adjusting the initial cable force in first stage with influence matrix method. And the adjustment process of cable force in secondary stage was proposed based on the mechanics characteristics of these bridges. Finally, a calculation was carried out for a partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge with 1218m main span and composite beam. The result shows that this method was logical, practical convenient and efficient. And the cable force in the reasonable completed status of bridges can be obtained faster according to the adjustment process of cable force in secondary stage.
Tensile Strength of Forged Ti-6Al-4V Welded Joints by Electronic Beam Welding
Authors: Qi Hong Yu , Xie Jian , Pan Dong , Li Shao Lin , Yang Xiao Guang
Published: June 2011

Forged Ti-6Al-4V welded structure by electronic beam welding (EBW) as integrally bladed disk (blisk) structure in advanced aero-engine has been widely applied. It is necessary to analyze microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V welded joints by EBW for failure analysis and structure design of blisk. Firstly the microstructure and mechanical properties of forged Ti-6Al-4V welded joints was focused on. Grains in the weld zone become coarse and large gradient organization structure appears in the heat affected zone (HAZ), which presents significant local heterogeneity. Microhardness of the weld zone is about 20% higher than that of the base metal. The size of different region of the welded joints was estimated. Then static tensile test of three different specimens were carried on. Experiment results show that the tensile and yield strength of welded joints are not less than that of the base metal. Finally the empirical relationship between strength and hardness of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is established. Tensile strength of the weld zone and the base metal were estimated. Compared to experiment data, the deviation is 3.56%, 0.097% respectively.
Study on the Similarity Relationship
Authors: Hu Zhi Jian , Wang Yun Yang , Jiang Ting
Published: June 2011

With the development of bridge structures, it is very necessary to ascertain load-bearing characteristic of complex structures. Model test can directly response complex mechanical characteristics. Based on the model test of 1:5 T-beam, this paper introduces the factors of designing model beam, and gives some similarity relation between model beam and prototype beam, including the deflection and stress similarity relation. So this paper laid a theoretical foundation for the later model test.
Basic Discussion on Tectonics and Regional Architecture Creation
Authors: Chen Chang Yong
Published: June 2011

This paper attempts to summarize the idea of tectonics in regional architecture creation, analyze its technical and artistic characteristics, and consider its significance and limitations. It also analyzes the usage methods of local building materials in terms of practicing regional tectonic design, by testing the idea.
Simulation Research of the Impact on the Heat Transfer Capability of Structural Changes in Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: Liao Bai Sheng
Published: June 2011

This article apply the CFX computational fluid software of ANSYS software company to casing tube heat exchanger of inside diameter of 10mm, 16mm, wall thickness of 1mm, pipe sections of the counter-flow 1000mm long, including concentric and eccentric placement of three kinds of state and other conditions in different conducted, draw a conclusion that the speed of the fluid and temperature distribution in the tube, and compared the case of three kinds of heat transfer coefficient.
Simulation Study on the Aspirating Smoke Detection System in Large Space Buildings
Authors: Zhang Zhen Na , Chen Hong Bing
Published: June 2011

The aspirating smoke detection (ASD) system has been widely used in large space buildings. It plays an important role on fire detection at its early stage. In this paper, the model of large space building was established for the simulation study on the response performance of the ASD system. The investigation on the effect of fire location, sampling hole space and pipe length on the responding time, was carried out. The results showed that the responding time of FIRE B (fire close to side wall) is much delayed than that of FIRE A (fire in centre); the increase of sampling hole space and pipe length leads to the delay of the responding time.
University of New Design of Campus Planning
Authors: Xie Cheng Wei , Xie Guo Ren , Yang Fang
Published: June 2011

The University Campus Planning for the new design, the new campus of a university in Hebei Province, for example, from the ecological structure of the planning, construction layout groups, park user-friendly transport, green garden design, low carbon design and culture type of construction planning to do with the design described. Exploration of the environment, carbon, garden-type new campuses.
Function Evolution of Urban Underground Space Before 20th
Authors: Yuan Hong , Dai Zhi Zhong , Dong Li Li , Yang Shu Guang
Published: June 2011

This paper research the historical functions and causality of underground space in the city's development .Before city appeared ,people use underground with unconsciousness ,as the nature characteristics of underground space, the Cave,tomb,and basement are the basic form of underground space.When the city appeared, the underground was used systematic, and the underground space planning appeared.With the development of city ,the development of underground space planning will be divided into eight stages .In every stage ,underground space played a special role in urban, and its function evoluted by the development of city.
Research on Spatial Planning Strategy for the Margin Area of Harbin in Ecological Rehabilitation - Taking Xinyi Channel as an Example
Authors: Xue Bin Xia , Li Han Zhe , Zhao Zhi Qing
Published: June 2011

Based on the research on the relevant cases such as the regeneration of Harbin Xinyi Channel and spatial planning of the area, the paper probes into the characteristics of the existing conditions concerning population distribution, economical growth, social structure and ecological improvement, as well as problems emerging from the development of the urban margin area in winter cities in China. The paper then proposes a series of means to optimize the spatial structure and to enhance the diversity of spatial functions through transfer of land-use right, and adoption of mix-use for land development. By this way, the problems about single linkage of space, lack of interactivity and deficiency in financial support can be solved from a perspective view of overall planning and design. At the same time, the use of high-quality space resources acquired from the environmental rehabilitation, supported by the catalyst theory and center theory, can form an effective planning process, to ensure the operability of the development process and maximize its benefits, so that the disordered urban margin areas can be turned into a new residential area in appropriate size and elegant ordered.
Citizen Participation in Chinese Urban Planning: Learning from Shenyang and Qingdao
Authors: Liu Chong
Published: June 2011

This article reviews two projects with citizen participation in China: the resource recovery project in Shenyang and Taidong facade renewal project in Qingdao. In Shenyang, the international experts’ team motivated about 600 inhabitants to separate bioorganic garbage with satisfying result. In Qingdao, the cooperation between the government and the voluntary artists’ organization effectively completed the facade renewal project of Taidong commercial area. These two projects are able to demonstrate that citizen participation helps improve the quality of Chinese urban space under present conditions, and that the push of the authority and the moderation of the specialists are the key factors for successfully integrating the strength of the citizens into planning practice.
Hotel Space Design and Planning and the Trend in its Development
Authors: Shi Gao Min
Published: June 2011

The design and planning of hotel space should be based on the survival and development of hotels. The designer should try to make his design and planning comprehensive and accurate, highlighting the function and features of the targeted hotel space. In the mean time, the designer, when designing and planning the hotel space, should keep up closely with the times, follow the trend in which traditional culture converges and integrates with modern civilization, insist on people foremost, make scientific analysis and appraisal, integrate various resources, so as to maximize the value of a hotel and enhance its vitality and competitiveness in markets.
Improvement of the Indoor Environment and Airborne Contamination Control in an Operating Room
Authors: Wang Fu Jen , Yau Yat Huang , Ng Wen Bin , Lai Chi Ming
Published: June 2011

Modern operating rooms are increasingly turning to contamination control by ventilating technology for the infectious control. The objective of this study is to present the strategic approach on performance improvement of the ventilating system for a hospital operating room under limit budget. A physical partition curtain has been proposed and conducted around the high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter of an operating room to validate the improvement of air distribution and contamination control. Numerical simulation of a full-scale operating room has been carried out at a district hospital. The results from computer simulation revealed that the improvement of airflow could be achieved satisfactorily by the application of a physical partition curtain at the length of 1.2 m. Ventilation performance could be assessed extensively not only by airflow distribution and concentration profile but also by the calculation of contamination concentration decay.