bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The problem of quality of qualified professional teacher training in Turkey
Authors: Postryhach Nadiia , Yaşar Mehmet Diyaddin
Published: September 2024

The education system of Ukraine is at the stage of European integration changes and internal modernization processes. The characteristic trends of this period are the realization of one's own national experience, its comparison with European and world traditions, as well as the need to analyze and highlight the most effective progressive ideas and advanced concepts that exist in the world space, the possibility of their adaptation to the needs of national education. Therefore, institutions of higher education must train qualified teachers, creative, possessing a high level of pedagogical skills, realizing their own autonomy and capable of developing original solutions. The novelty of the problematics of the studied topic is that the problem of the quality of professional training of a qualified teacher in Turkey has not yet found a comprehensive reflection and systematic generalization in the Ukrainian scientific and pedagogical discourse. Therefore, the goal of the study was to formulate the problem of the quality of professional training of a qualified teacher in Turkey. To implement the goals and objectives of scientific research, the authors relied on the following materials and methods of scientific research: 1) theoretical – analysis of scientific databases, electronic repositories of institutions of higher education, scientific institutions and libraries where dissertation abstracts, scientific publications and other scientific works are stored; systematization and generalization of research results; 2) empirical – conversations, correspondence with Turkish scientists and university professors; pedagogical supervision. The authors formulated the problem of the quality of training of a qualified teacher, which is a widely discussed problem for many years in the world and in Turkey itself, which proves the need to rethink the definition and boundaries of the teaching profession. On the basis of the generalization and systematization of the obtained results, the authors formulated the concept of "qualified teacher" – this is a novice teacher who has successfully completed training on an accredited educational program of initial teacher training. Scientific and practical recommendations on the use of constructive ideas of the Turkish experience to improve the quality of teacher training in the system of continuous pedagogical education of Ukraine are substantiated
Folk games as a tool of formation of artistic and creative competence of primary school children in music classes
Authors: Karpenko Olena , Yurchenko Tetiana
Published: September 2024

The article describes the features of acquiring artistic and creative competence, as a child's elementary awareness of the specifics of art forms (artistic and productive, musical, theatrical); valuable attitude to art and artistic activity, the desire to perceive folklore art. Folkloric forms of the heritage of Ukrainian culture are considered. Teaching and methodical material and practical recommendations are offered, which in music classes will be useful both to experienced teachers of preschool institutions and to those workers who are starting to work with the smallest brains.
Normative documents in the field of preschool education were studied and play competence was considered as a child's ability to free, emotionally saturated, spontaneous activity on his/her own initiative, in which the possibility of applying existing and assimilating new knowledge and personal development is realized due to the child's desire to participate in the life of adults through the realization of interests in game and role-playing actions in a generalized form.
The necessity of using folk games for the formation of artistic and creative competence in preschool children is substantiated. Peculiarities of knowledge of the surrounding world of preschool children and themselves in it are determined.
The work proposes to create a basis for the natural formation and development of musical abilities in preschoolers through a folk game by encouraging children to play folk games. It has been emphasized that raising children is based on love and respect for Ukrainian musical folklore.
The secrets of conducting music classes using folk games and working with preschoolers are recommended to teachers of primary schools, music teachers, teachers of children's vocal ensembles of extracurricular and club institutions, scientists, graduate students, students of pedagogical and art educational institutions, parents and the general public
Pedagogical conditions for developing the readiness of master's degree applicants for intercultural interaction in the process of professional (piano) training
Authors: Kentesh Ishtvan
Published: September 2024

The article defines and characterizes the pedagogical conditions for forming the readiness of master's degree applicants for intercultural interaction in the process of professional (piano) training. It is emphasized that the tasks of the modern professional training of the applicants of the piano master's degree are not only to ensure a high level of professional knowledge of students, but also their practical preparation for social life and self-realization as an individual. It is emphasized that the humanization of the process of formation of the readiness for intercultural interaction in applicants of the professional master's degree implies the use of the latest technologies, active teaching methods, which would form the motives of educational and artistic activity, contribute to the discovery and development of the creative potential of the education applicant, self-realization of his/her personality; included in the process of learning the sphere of emotions, contributed to the development of cooperation. It has been proven that in the process of forming value orientations in the conditions of a multicultural artistic and educational environment, individual support of piano master's students is successfully implemented through individual counseling, creation of a positive moral and psychological climate in classes, mentoring support of the artistic and educational process, building an individual educational trajectory. Considering the formation and transformation of music-pedagogical and artistic-aesthetic paradigms in the system of modern music education, it is emphasized that the change in the paradigm of music education involves a shift of emphasis from the development in applicants of a complex of special knowledge, abilities and skills, focused on the formation of professional multicultural competence in the conditions of intercultural interaction, which allows us to interpret the artistic and educational space as a unity of creative personalities, united by channels of musical communication, who feel a sense of empathy for each other, mutual interest, are capable of active creative joint activity, overcoming interaction problems, creating a cross-cultural space
Proibito di Mario Monicelli tratto da La madre di Grazia Deledda come esempio di “western deleddiano”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Polonia, Baszak-Glebow Ewa , La Rosa Gabriele ,   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Polonia
Published: September 2024

In the 1950s, films inspired by the work of Grazia Deledda and, at the same time, by the western genre appeared. Called ‘the Deleddian westerns,’ they typically featured the conquest of a wild environment, submission to the laws of nature, the primacy of local unwritten customary laws over the official law of the state (bound up with the frequent motif of justice), and stories of outlaws from the early 20th century. In the article, we analyse Mario Monicelli’s film Proibito (1954; Forbidden), inspired by Deledda’s novel La madre (1919; The Mother). Thematising justice, Proibito is a story of bandits and a priest who must intervene for the sake of peace and the good of the community. The film’s plot transports viewers to the non-existent Sardinian Far West and goes beyond the concerns of Deledda’s novel. Though coming closer to American cinema and the western film model of the time, Forbidden went down in the history of Sardinian cinema for its realistic and non-invasive portrayals of Sardinia’s iconic symbols, such as nuraghes, village churches, costumes, and local festivals. In this article, we compare the novel and the film to conclude that the two substantially differ in their renderings of the character of the mother and her relationship with her son, his inner conflict, religion, and superstition. All these aspects are absent or marginalised in the film.
La finzione autobiografica tra mistificazione e paradigma universale nel Secretum meum di Petrarca
Authors:   Università Jagellonica di Cracovia, Polonia, Maślanka-Soro Maria
Published: September 2024

Petrarch’s customary reliance on autobiographical themes serves as a guiding principle to nearly all of his works. The Secretum meum is perhaps his most autographical text. It is a treatise in the form of a dialogue in which the speakers, Francesco and Augustine, are characters alluding to Petrarch and St Augustine. The analogies between their respective itinera conversionis determine the strategies endorsing their paradigmatic dimension. In this article, I show that Petrarch uses his own individual case as a point of departure to embark on general discourse; that the Augustinian conflict between ‘the inner man’ and ‘the outer man’ serves as the framework for the construction of the dialogue; and that the story of Francesco’s moral crisis and his attempts to surmount it assume a universal meaning. I also discuss Petrarch as a master of mystification, brilliant at conjuring up an image of himself and cultivating his autobiographical myth built up of a blend of fact and fiction. From the very outset, the reader is up against an instance of unintended internal mystification: Augustine accuses Francesco of unwitting self-deception regarding his deplorable moral condition. By the end of the Secretum, Francesco manages to renounce his weaknesses, recovers his selfcontrol, and resolves to lead a life of virtue. However, Augustine is not at all sure whether his therapeutic methods have indeed worked. Perhaps writing will be the best remedy.
Features of civic consciousness of university students at the present stage of educational development
Authors: Koltsova I. V. , Dolganina V. V. , Plugina M. I.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To study the features of civic consciousness among modern university students.

Material and methods. A total of 467 students took part in the study. The original author’s questionnaire was used (I. V. Koltsova, 2024), aimed at identifying the characteristics of students’ civic consciousness.

Results. The study showed that the majority of students believe that secondary schools should take an active part in the development of civic consciousness of young people. Students behave in society in accordance with generally accepted rules, know the history of the Russian Federation, its traditions and customs, conspicuous figures, rights and responsibilities, speak their native language and actively use it in communication with representatives of their nationality. After training, most graduates plan to stay and work in the Russian Federation. However, about 30% of subjects have low scores on such issues as participation in the Russian presidential and legislative elections. There is a high awareness on socio-political events and laws, which indicates the low social activity of this group of respondents.

Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to identify both positive trends in relation to the civic consciousness of students, as well as problem areas that require targeted educational work.
Methodological characteristics of the academic competition for general practitioners, family doctors and internists as a type of informal education
Authors: Astanina S. Yu. , Berns S. A. , Gilyarevsky S. R. , Gorban V. V. , Druk I. V. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Kashtalap V. V. , Chesnikova A. I. , Chmykhova E. V. , Shaporova N. L. , Shepel R. N. , Yavelov I. S. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the results of the All-Russian competition for general practitioners, family doctors and internists held over five years by the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine with the support of the Russian Society for the Prevention of Non communicable Diseases.

Aim. To determine the methodological characteristics of managing the academic competition as a type of informal education.

Material and methods. To conduct the competition, practice-oriented tasks corresponding to professional tasks of a general practitioner were developed. In addition, we developed an original questionnaire to assess the impact of participation in the academic competition on the professional development. Family doctors and general practitioners with 1-10 years of experience, as well as internists, were included.

Results. The methodological characteristics of the academic competition management as a type of informal education were determined: practice-oriented goals aimed at improving the knowledge, skills and abilities, competencies of the participants; the content of tasks based on the theory-practice relationship; compliance of tasks and real situations in the practice of a general practitioner; a systematic approach to competition management. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the academic competition as a type of informal education contributes to the professional development of participants, promotes the development of long-term attitudes towards improving professional knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies necessary for solving professional problems.
Priority of competencies in the professional activities of general practitioners (family doctors)
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Astanina S. Yu. , Shepel R. N. , Kuznetsova O. Yu. , Samoilov T. V. , Osipova D. V. , Alekseeva N. S. , Bakhareva I. V. , Bolotnova T. V. , Balashova M. E. , Buryakova V. P. , Vinogradov A. V. , Viktorova I. А. , Gerasimenko O. N. , Gorban V. V. , Golovanova E. D. , Gubanova G. V. , Grigorovich M. S. , Druk I. V. , Doyutova M. V. , Donskaya A. A. , Efimov A. S. , Zhernakova N. I. , Zagromova T. A. , Zakroeva A. G. , Konovalenko N. S. , Klyaritskaya I. L. , Kupaev V. I. , Krasnikova N. V. , Kupchikova S. S. , Lavrenova E. A. , Matveeva E. G. , Medvedev N. V. , Moshko Yu. A. , Mozheiko M. E. , Nazarova O. A. , Neustroeva V. N. , Petrova M. M. , Popova A. A. , Portnyagina U. S. , Pozdnyakova O. Yu. , Pozdnyak A. O. , Ryaboshapko A. I. , Sergeeva-Kondrachenko M. Yu. , Sedelkova E. E. , Stetsenko I. N. , Starovoitova E. A. , Titov E. A. , Tribuntseva L. V. , Fatenkov O. V. , Khovaeva Ya. B. , Shaporova N. L. , Shavkuta G. V. , Shemetova G. N. , Sharapova Yu. A. , Yakhina R. R.
Published: September 2024

The functional responsibilities of general practitioners (family doctors) (GPs) have changed significantly over the past decade. The number of GP functions has expanded. Despite the increasingly complex professional activities of GPs, there is no scientific evidence for the qualification characteristics of GPs expressed in knowledge, skills, abilities, and competencies in the theory and practice in training. In this regard, a study was conducted to determine the priority of GP competencies that make up the qualification characteristics of a specialist. Aim. To analyze, generalize and rationale the research results, as well as to develop preliminary guidelines for GP training. Material and methods. The information base for the study was the results of ranking competencies according to their importance in the professional activities of GPs in Russia. It was obtained during the ascertaining experiment, implemented using the Delphi method as a method of expert assessment and strategic planning of training specialists. Conclusion. The analysis of competencies developed and agreed upon by experts showed its compliance with the job functions of GPs, the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for the General Medical Practice (Family Medicine) and the WONCA guidelines. A summary of the study results to determine the priority of competence in GP activities showed the following: — all competencies (25) were defined as necessary and constitutive of GP qualification; — 21 competencies were considered significant and highly significant for GPs; — 4 competencies were considered as of moderate significance and below moderate significance. The analysis of the priority of competences revealed insufficient methodological support for GP training in accordance with the social order. The results obtained showed the need to continue the study within the project "Quality Management of Training of General Practitioners (Family Doctors)".
MANEJO SANITÁRIO PARA O CONTROLE DE DOENÇAS DA REPRODUÇÃO EM UM SISTEMA LEITEIRO DE PRODUÇÃO SEMI-INTENSIVO
Authors: Fava C. Del , Arcaro J.R.P. , Pozzi C.R. , Arcaro Júnior I. , Fagundes H. , Pituco E.M. , Stefano E. De , Okuda L.H. , Vasconcellos S.A.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar um modelo de manejo sanitário integrado para o controle e erradicação de doenças infecciosas que afetam a reprodução, como a Rinotraqueíte Infecciosa Bovina (IBR), Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVD), Brucelose e Leptospirose em um rebanho bovino leiteiro tipo B, submetido a manejo semi-intensivo. A Tuberculose, por ser zoonose, também foi controlada. Em seis anos de uma sistemática aplicação de medidas sanitárias visando a biosseguridade, como o controle de trânsito de bovinos, inseminação artificial com sêmen livre de patógenos e exames sanitários periódicos dos animais, nenhum caso de IBR, BVD, Brucelose e Tuberculose foi detectado. Porém, apesar do tratamento com dihidroestreptomicina, a incidência de Leptospirose aumentou.
PRIMEIRA OCORRÊNCIA DO PARASITÓIDE CONURA SP. (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDIDAE) EM PUPAS DE TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICK, 1917) (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) EM CULTIVAR DE TOMATE EM LAVRAS, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Marchiori C.H. , Silva C.G. , Lobo A.P.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Este trabalho teve o objetivo de relatar a primeira ocorrência do parasitóide Conura sp. (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) em pupas Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) em cultura de tomate em Lavras, Minas Gerais, no período de agosto de 2001 a fevereiro de 2002. Foram coletados 13 espécimens de Conura sp. em 500 pupas de Tuta absoluta. A taxa de parasitismo foi de 2,6%.
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia: a narrative review
Authors: Jiménez-Ruiz Amado , Aguilar-Fuentes Victor , Becerra-Aguiar Naomi Nazareth , Roque-Sanchez Ivan , Ruiz-Sandoval Jose Luis
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common cause of cognitive impairment after Alzheimer's disease. The VCI spectrum involves a decline in cognition attributable to vascular pathologies (e.g., large infarcts or hemorrhages, microinfarcts, microbleeds, lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities, and perivascular space dilation). Pathophysiological mechanisms include direct tissue injury, small vessel disease, inflammaging (inflammation + aging), atrophy, and altered neurotransmission. VCI is diagnosed using distinct clinical and radiological criteria. It may lead to long-term disability and reduced quality of life. An essential factor for reducing cognitive impairment incidence is preventing stroke by managing traditional and non-traditional cerebrovascular risk factors. This article reviews the spectrum of VCI, epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, available treatment, and preventive strategies.
Políticas públicas e acesso à saúde de migrantes e refugiados durante a pandemia da COVID-19: perspectiva global comparada
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme Tácio Marçal , Severo Denise Osório , Hoefel Maria da Graça Luderitz
Published: September 2024

Resumo Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa, com recorte entre 2020 e 2022, com objetivo de análise das políticas públicas globais implementadas durante a pandemia de Covid-19 para salvaguardar a saúde e os direitos humanos de migrantes e refugiados. A análise foi baseada em 24 artigos de 424 recuperados das bases de dados: Pubmed, Scopus, BVS e Wiley. A partir da análise, emergiram três eixos temáticos: Saúde, Trabalho e Proteção Social. As medidas adotadas pelos Estados foram múltiplas e heterogêneas, variando a cada realidade e status migratório dos indivíduos, como forma de oportunizar ou privar seu acesso às políticas de saúde, trabalho e seguridade social. Dessa forma, tais políticas também serviram como processos de estratificação e controle biopolítico. Portanto, é necessário superar barreiras estruturais e dirimir desigualdades, combater a xenofobia e o racismo, e aplicar plenamente os dispositivos dos tratados internacionais e proteger essas populações contra o arbítrio.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the access to speech-language-hearing outpatient procedures of the Brazilian Unified Health System
Authors: Silva Édla Édna da , Vilela Mirella Rodrigues Bezerra , Oliveira Pollyana Ribas de , Nascimento Cynthia Maria Barboza do , Lima Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the percentage variation in the indicator of access to speech-language-hearing procedures in the Unified Health System, during the pandemic. Methods: an ecological study carried out through outpatient productions made available in the Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System, from 2019 to 2021. Outpatient productions were grouped into Health Promotion and Prevention Actions (01); Procedures with Diagnostic Purposes (02); Clinical Procedures (03); and Orthoses, Prosthetics, and Special Materials (07) per year and region of Brazil. The data were processed by TabNet, and access indicators were calculated, tabulated, and displayed on a thematic map. Results: the indicators of access to outpatient speech-language-hearing procedures decreased from 2019 to 2020 and increased in 2021, though still below the 2019 productions. The Southeast region had the greatest reduction in the supply indicator, and health promotion and prevention actions had the greatest reduction among procedure groups. The North region was the only region that maintained the pattern in access indicators in 2021, in relation to 2019. Conclusion: the access to procedures decreased in almost all Brazilian regions and procedure groups.
Electronic medical record for audiological monitoring of occupational noise exposure
Authors: Perini Beatriz Peixoto , Rocha Clayton Henrique , Said Giselle Carvalho , Gomes Julia Batista Correa , Moreira Renata Rodrigues , Samelli Alessandra Giannella
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to develop and implement an electronic medical record for managing audiological assessments of workers exposed to occupational noise at a university. Methods: a computer system - the Electronic Audiology Record Program (PPVA, in Portuguese) - was developed with Microsoft Access for a university hospital’s audiology service, encompassing functional, occupational, and audiological information. After a testing period, the system was implemented in the service. Results: the PPVA is a personalized system that registers employees, audiological exams, clinical history, and risks for hearing loss induced by high sound pressure levels. It also generates reports indicating audiological monitoring frequency. Conclusion: the PPVA proved to meet the service’s needs, adequately. Its implementation improved the usability, efficiency, and quality of the service user records. Hence, it is a potential health surveillance tool, indicating that this type of instrument can benefit occupational hearing loss prevention programs.
ENTRE OS PLANOS HUMANO E DIVINO: UMA ANÁLISE DE DISCURSOS RELIGIOSOS NA MÍDIA
Authors: Patriota Karla Regina Macena Pereira , Almeida Gustavo Henrique Oliveira de
Published: September 2024

Resumo O presente trabalho relata uma pesquisa e aporta reflexão sobre um gênero discursivo específico: o sermão midiático. Os sermões, que em um período anterior, se limitavam aos púlpitos dentro dos templos, hoje contam com os grandes suportes tecnológicos da comunicação de massa, tais como o rádio e a televisão, fazendo surgir na mídia novos formatos e novas regras para o discurso religioso.
REPRESENTAÇÕES DE CONCEITOS DE LINGUAGEM, ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM E DE PAPÉIS NO DISCURSO DE PROFESSORES DE INGLÊS RECÉM-FORMADOS
Authors: Ticks Luciane Kirchhof
Published: September 2024

Resumo Este artigo discute as representações de alunos recém-formados em Letras/Inglês acerca de suas concepções de linguagem, de ensino e aprendizagem e do curso universitário no qual completaram seus estudos. As representações reúnem o conhecimento construído pelos indivíduos e expressam o controle que eles têm sobre o mundo que os cerca (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003, p. 28). Desse modo, discuto o conjunto de significados construídos sócio-historicamente pelos professores de inglês em serviço. Para analisar tais representações, utilizo a Análise Crítica do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003) e a Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004). Embora tenhamos identificado algumas contradições conceituais que indicam que os professores estão em processo de “digestão” desses conceitos, a análise demonstra que os participantes, via de regra, são capazes de construir concepções contemporâneas de linguagem e de ensino e aprendizagem.
“ENTRA BURRO; SAI LADRÃO” - O IMAGINÁRIO SOBRE A ESCOLA MATERIALIZADO NOS GENÉRICOS
Authors: Tfouni Fábio Elias Verdiani , Tfouni Leda Verdiani
Published: September 2024

Resumo Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é analisar parte do imaginário social sobre a Escola no Brasil. Pretendemos, em particular, investigar uma fórmula genérica, “Entra burro; sai ladrão”, por ser em lugares discursivos como esse (onde se incluem também “slogans”, provérbios e máximas) que se condensam formações discursivas específicas a respeito de como o sujeito coletivo representa a instituição escolar. Partimos do princípio de que o genérico funciona como um mandamento que faz o sujeito “gozar”, ao ocupar uma posição ideologicamente definida. Pretendemos, ainda, relacionar os resultados obtidos na análise com as representações que são construídas sobre a Escola. Do ponto de vista teórico, procuraremos descrever como a memória se atualiza, tanto no discurso oficial, quanto no imaginário popular, naturalizando sentidos. Um dos aspectos importantes de estudos desse tipo é que se trata de abordar os discursos e, portanto, o “conhecimento” dos próprios usuários do sistema escolar.
Clinical bioethics, deliberation and digitalization of medicine
Authors: Paulo Neto Alberto
Published: September 2024

Abstract The development of cognitive technologies and the robotization in health care may intensify the relational distance between healthcare professionals and patients. Therefore, bioethical reflection is essential to find the most appropriate means to integrate the benefits of digital technologies into health care, ensuring ethical care. Thus, bioethics provides healthcare professionals and patients with discursive resources, aiming to enable the most prudent and reasonable decision-making. The exercise of communicative competence is crucial in the process of digitalizing medical activities and in the use of data analysis through artificial intelligence. Deliberative practice and patient-centered medical care are the ethical directives for the introduction of computational technology in medicine, preserving humanized and dialogical health care.
Conhecimento em cuidados paliativos entre estudantes de medicina
Authors: Nobre Maria Luisa Ribeiro Brant , Lira Débora Ribeiro de , Brito Sammantha Maryanne Soares , Rossi-Barbosa Luiza Augusta Rosa
Published: September 2024

Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar o conhecimento em cuidados paliativos entre estudantes de medicina de três instituições do norte de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de estudo transversal e descritivo, realizado com 320 estudantes do 1º, 6º e 11º períodos, no qual se utilizou um instrumento de pesquisa sobre filosofia, dor, dispneia, problemas psiquiátricos, problemas gástricos e comunicação. Avaliaram-se os resultados pela média das porcentagens de acerto, sendo insatisfatório o acerto de até 50%, aceitável entre 51% e 70%, desejável entre 71% e 80%, e excelente acima de 80%. Observou-se aumento de acertos com o avanço dos períodos, mas com médias insatisfatórias ou aceitáveis. Apesar dos estudantes do 11º período terem obtido toda a carga teórica do curso, suas médias de acerto não foram adequadas. Esses resultados evidenciam a necessidade de implementar na graduação em medicina o disposto na Resolução CNE/CES 3/2022, do Conselho Nacional de Educação, a fim de fomentar condutas assertivas relacionadas aos cuidados paliativos.
Transplantes de órgãos: abordagens éticas e soluções legais
Authors: Torres Lucas Cruz , Ferreira Filho Francisco José , Cruz Jamille Rodrigues Dias , Pinheiro Pedro Lucas de Oliveira , Figueiredo Francisco José Gonçalves
Published: September 2024

Resumo Este artigo investiga aspectos legais e soluções éticas envolvidas no comércio ilegal de órgãos, atividade que provoca debates sobre ética e moral. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura realizada por meio de busca nos portais Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e SciELO. Foram analisados 14 artigos, que apontaram baixa oferta associada a alta demanda por órgãos como etiologia principal do problema. Constatou-se que esse mercado se aproveita de populações vulneráveis para coagi-las a doar órgãos, e, além disso, a falta de conexão entre bancos de dados internacionais e instabilidades nos países com altas taxas de tráfico dificultam a ação policial no enfrentamento desse crime. O combate ao tráfico de órgãos deve ter como base o incentivo à doação legal de órgãos, o enfrentamento do “turismo de transplante” e ações direcionadas a países mais vulneráveis. Entidades internacionais têm papel fundamental para que haja trabalho conjunto em diferentes nações na repressão desse tipo de crime.
Ethical conflicts and decision making on renal replacement therapy
Authors: Campos Tatiane da Silva , Gomes Andréia Patrícia
Published: September 2024

Abstract This article aimed to explore whether healthcare professionals perceive ethical conflicts and issues related to decision making and to highlight the significance of patient involvement in this process. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, where 63 professionals from four nephrology services in Rio de Janeiro were interviewed. Through analysis using Bardin’s technique, two main themes emerged: 1) the decision-making process; and 2) bioethical considerations regarding renal replacement therapy referral. The findings suggest that decision-making is primarily guided by the principles of beneficence and non-maleficence, with an emphasis on improving the clinical condition associated with renal failure. However, there is often a lack of consideration for patient autonomy and participation, and ethical conflicts and decision-making issues may not always be recognized. Paternalistic attitudes remain prevalent and strong within the studied population.
Percepción de los profesionales sanitarios sobre los cuidados paliativos
Authors: Guerra Cláudia Cordeiro , Lucena Jardson Ladeira de , Andrade Maria Beatriz Silva de , Alves Suellen da Silva Evangelista , Garcia Caroline Lima
Published: September 2024

Resumen Un creciente conjunto de evidencia basada en la experiencia muestra la importancia de observar y perfeccionar el conocimiento sobre los cuidados paliativos. Esta revisión integradora de la literatura tiene como objetivo identificar las percepciones de los profesionales de la salud sobre los pacientes sometidos a cuidados paliativos, un fenómeno ocupacional que causa inestabilidad en el ámbito emocional, ocupacional y social del profesional, además de impactos negativos en el cuidado brindado. Este estudio utiliza una metodología cualitativa, de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, con análisis de datos por categorización en el que, después de evaluar la evidencia, se perfila la comprensión de los profesionales de la salud con los pacientes en cuidados paliativos. Además, reúne los principales aportes de trabajos sobre el tema propuesto llamando la atención sobre el problema.
Consumo de água e crescimento urbano: análises espaciais e relações possíveis
Authors: Medeiros Camila Karla , Rufino Iana Alexandra Alves , Aragão Ricardo de
Published: September 2024

Resumo A gestão das águas é um desafio para o planejamento urbano, especialmente no semiárido brasileiro. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar as relações entre o consumo de água e a dinâmica espacial e temporal do ambiente edificado em pequenos municípios do estado da Paraíba. A análise parte de uma observação das tendências de consumo de água e sua relação inevitável com o crescimento urbano, de forma a possibilitar uma cenarização futura de demanda hídrica e expansão das cidades. Para tanto, são utilizados séries históricas, sensoriamento remoto e dados de ciência cidadã para análises de tendências. Métodos estatísticos paramétricos e não paramétricos além do Landscape Expansion Index (LEI) para as análises dos padrões e um modelo estatístico para subsidiar cenários futuros, também são utilizados. Os resultados revelam peculiaridades intramunicipais, bem como limitações dos indicadores escolhidos. Ademais, os resultados permitem observar que, na última grande crise hídrica da região, a busca por soluções emergenciais e pontuais de abastecimento dificulta o estabelecimento de relações diretas entre a área urbanizada e o volume consumido, tendo em vista que os volumes reportados nas bases de dados oficiais não retratam a realidade capturada pelos dados de ciência cidadã, em algumas das cidades.
Author-Creator and Author-Model: Possible (Dis)Connections between Mikhail Bakhtin and Umberto Eco
Authors: Pereira Suelio Geraldo
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT The Death of the Author was an essay published in 1967 by Roland Barthes. Two years later, Michel Foucault pronounced at a conference that the author had not died: he was only in an unceasing process of vanishing. However, for Mikhail Bakhtin and Umberto Eco, the author has always been and will always be alive in the text. On this aspect, Bakhtin and Eco had similar points of view when they sought to understand the essence of the author to whom Barthes referred. Mikhail Bakhtin had conceived of the author-creator; Umberto Eco had already elaborated the author-model. Given these possibilities, this article examines the differences and similarities between these two concepts: author-creator and author-model. When comparing them, we find that they are two active figures, who exert their creative and strategic forces in the text, and this functions as a relevant factor of approximation between these concepts.
Effect of calcium chloride and salicylic acid on some morphological, biochemical and postharvest properties of alstroemeria cut flowers ‘Orange Queen’
Authors: Azar Shahin Teymouri , Jabbarzadeh Zohreh
Published: September 2024

Abstract This study investigated the impact of varying calcium chloride (CaCl2) and salicylic acid (SA) concentrations on the growth, biochemical, and postharvest quality of Alstroemeria ‘Orange Queen’ flowers. A completely randomized factorial design (CRD) with two factors and three replications was employed. The first factor involved foliar application of 0, 75, 150, or 225 mg L-1 CaCl2, while the second factor consisted of 0, 150, 300, or 450 mg L-1 SA. Morphological characteristics (number of leaves, leaf fresh and dry weight, number of florets) and biochemical parameters (photosynthetic pigment content, soluble sugar content) were evaluated. Additionally, postharvest traits (relative fresh weight, relative solution uptake, malondialdehyde content, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity) were assessed. The highest fresh and dry weights and the greatest number of florets were observed in Alstroemeria treated with 225 mg L-1 CaCl2 and 450 mg L-1 SA. This combination also improved the flowers' postharvest quality. Photosynthetic pigment content was significantly enhanced by both CaCl2 and SA, while malondialdehyde content was reduced compared to the control. Antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly increased following the application of CaCl2 and SA. Foliar application of 225 mg L-1 CaCl2 and 450 mg L-1 SA promoted the growth, biochemical composition, and postharvest quality of Alstroemeria ‘Orange Queen’ flowers. This treatment improved flower size, number, and enhanced their resistance to stress, suggesting its potential for enhancing the commercial value of this cultivar.
Evaluation of pollen vivability in some spray Chrysanthemum varieties on storage period
Authors: Meral Ezgi Doğan , Kırbay Emine , Haspolat Gülden , Kazaz Soner
Published: September 2024

Abstract In producing chrysanthemum hybrids, more seed sets per fruit are preferred. Only successful pollination and fertilization allow seeds to de-velop. High pollen viability and pollen germination rate are intimately correlated with successful fertilization. Chrysanthemum pollen and their storage duration have only been the subject of a relatively few investigations. The study aimed to determine pollen's viability and germination during the 4 days, which were kept at 24 ºC. In the present study, two different Chrysanthemum species (Chrysanthemum coronarium L. and Chrysanthemum segetum L.) and two commercial Chrysanthemum varieties (Chic and Haydar) that belong to Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. species as spray chrysanthemum pollens were used for experimental material. The grains pollen were stored in an incubator which was 24 ºC and 60% humidity. The pollen viability was tested with TTC (2,3,5 Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride) staining test and pollen germination was evaluated hanging drop method with modified ME3-m medium, daily for 4 days including day 0. The results showed that the viability and germination of all pollens used in this study decreased day by day. Depending on the species/varieties, the viability rates ranged from 12.83% to 32.04% on the first day and between 0.57-2.33% on the last day. Pollen germination rates differed between 16.76% - 3.45% on the 0th day and 0.0-0.17% on the 4th day.
Settlement monitoring and prediction towards an enhanced characterization of soil stratigraphy: a case study of a 23-story building
Authors: Carvalho Rafael Lima de , Rêgo Eduardo Martins Fontes do , Pereira Alessandro Rhadamek Alves , Teixeira Pedro Wellington Gonçalves do Nascimento , Campos Bertolino Marinho Madeira
Published: September 2024

Abstract The settlement is a critical factor in foundation selection. To ensure the safety and stability of a structure, engineers must accurately predict settlement and design the foundation accordingly. However, in cases where the soil stratigraphy is complex, a more detailed analysis is necessary to determine safe and cost-effective solutions for a building's foundation. This paper presents a case study in which settlement monitoring was performed on a 23-story building with spread footings laid on a stiff rock layer of limited thickness overlying more compressible layers of clay and sand. The building was monitored through four construction stages, during which data on vertical displacements and stress distribution on the soil were obtained. To improve the accuracy of the results, a methodology for calibrating the thicknesses of the soil strata was applied, based on the measured settlements, soil-structure interaction, and estimates from semi-empirical methods. Furthermore, a numerical analysis was performed using the finite element method, where more conservative displacements were observed. Finally, the safety of the building was evaluated by verifying angular distortions.
An Essential Problem in Patients with Hereditary Angioedema: Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Kılınç Mehmet , Çölkesen Fatih , Sadi Aykan Filiz , Evcen Recep , Yıldız Eray , Önalan Tuğba , Gerek Mehmet Emin , Arslan Şevket
Published: September 2024

Objective: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by attacks of subcutaneous and mucosal edema. HAE usually affects the skin or mucosal tissues of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the diseases in which the abdominal symptoms of HAE may be confused. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of IBS in clinical presentation and diagnostic delay in HAE.
Material and Method: 50 patients with HAE followed in our clinic between January 2013 and April 2023 were included in this study, and hospital records were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with HAE were divided into two groups, those with and without IBS, and evaluated according to Rome IV criteria for diagnosing IBS.
Results: The mean age of the study group was 40 ± 13 years, and 60% (n=30) were female. IBS was observed in 30% (n=15) of the patients, and 60% (n=9) had IBS before diagnosing HAE. The frequency of attacks and history of gastrointestinal tract medical/surgical history were more frequent in HAE patients with IBS (p
Study of prescription-indication of antivirals for herpesviruses in a Colombian population. A cross-sectional study v1
Authors: Machado Alba Jorge
Published: September 2024

Introduction:Herpesviruses are among the most common pathogens worldwide. Objective: Todetermine the prescription patterns and indications for the use of antiviralsfor herpesviruses in a group of patients from Colombia. Methods: This was across-sectional study on the use of antivirals for treating outpatients withherpesviruses between November 2023 and January 2024 in a Colombian populationdatabase. The approved and unapproved indications were determined according tothe records of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the NationalInstitute of Food and Drug Surveillance (INVIMA) of Colombia. Descriptiveanalysis was carried out. Results: In total, 17,275patients were identified, with an average age of 47.5 ± 21.2 years, and 59.1%were women. The most frequently prescribed antiviral was acyclovir, and themost frequently used antiviral agent was herpes zoster (47.6%). In total, 9.8%of the prescriptions were used for unapproved indications, with vaginitis/vulvitis/vulvovaginitis(3.2%) standing out. In total, 55.2% were treated only with oral dosage forms,24.6% with oral and topical dosage forms, and 20.2% with only topical dosageforms. The concomitant prescription of systemic (17.0%) and topical (8.5%)antimicrobial agents was common. Conclusions:Acyclovir was the most commonly prescribed antiviral for the management of herpeszoster. Adherence to clinical practice guidelines was not adequate in somecases, indicating unapproved uses and uses in entities where efficacy is verydoubtful or limited, especially with topical pharmaceutical forms. Theconcomitant prescription of other antimicrobials was common.
ESTUDIO DE LAS PROPIEDADES DE MEZCLAS DE ALCOHOL POLIVINÍLICO-ALMIDÓN DE YUCA-SORBITOL OBTENIDAS POR CASTING
Authors: Valencia Adriana , Rivera Carmen , Murillo Edwin Alberto
Published: September 2024

Diferentes mezclas de alcohol polivinílico (PVA)-almidón-sorbitol fueron preparadas por un proceso de casting. La proporción de PVA y almidón empleada para preparar las mezclas fueron las siguientes: PVAA-1 (10 % PVA-90 % almidón), PVAA-2 (25 % PVA-75 % almidón), PVAA-3 (40 % PVA-60 % almidón) y PVAA-4 (55 % PVA-45 % almidón). En todos los casos la proporción de sorbitol fue mantenida constante (6%). Las propiedades estructurales de los materiales fueron estudiadas por análisis Raman, las propiedades térmicas, fueron estudiadas por calorimetría de barrido diferencial (DSC) y análisis termogravimétrico (TGA). El estudio de biodegradabilidad, fue llevado a cabo a temperatura ambiente en presencia y ausencia de sol y lluvia. Por análisis Raman se evidenció que para las mezclas, la señal asignada a la adsorción del grupo OH fue de diferente intensidad. El valor de la temperatura de transición vítrea de las mezclas fue menor que la del PVA, cuando la proporción de PVA fue de 10 y 25 % (mezclas PVAA-1 y PVAA-2); pero cuando esta proporción fue de 40 y 55% (muestras PVAA-3 y PVAA-4), la temperatura de transición vítrea fue mayor que la del PVA. La temperatura inicial de descomposición de las mezclas incrementó con el contenido de PVA. Mediante análisis Raman, DSC y TGA se evidenció que el PVA interaccionó con el almidón. Todas las muestras exhibieron biodegradación bajo las diferentes condiciones empleadas en este estudio.
DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN PROTOTIPO TREN DE LAMINACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LÁMINAS DE LÁTEX
Authors: Llano Jorge Freddy , Graciano Néstor , Olaya Camilo , Enciso Jorge Luis
Published: September 2024

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo diseñar y fabricar un prototipo de laminación que mejore las condiciones finales del caucho (suavidad, espesor), así como su presentación. Se identifican y analizan factores preliminares como; características del caucho natural, diseño del prototipo y sistema de control en la medición de espesores. Para la definición de los parámetros controlables y no controlables del proceso se estimo factores que afectan las variables de respuesta (Composición químicas y propiedades mecánicas), y se diseño el proceso de construcción y polimerización del látex. El prototipo fue fabricado utilizando los procesos de mecanizado, soldadura y fundición, garantizando en cada uno de los procesos el cumplimiento de las especificaciones de diseño y propiedades esperadas en el caucho laminado. La calibración del prototipo se hizo teniendo en cuenta la textura final del caucho y resistencia a la tensión. Se caracterizo el látex para conocer la composición química y propiedades mecánicas (Resistencia y elongación), y así desarrollar un procedimiento para la obtención de láminas de látex tipo RSS-l.Con lo anterior se concluye que el acido fórmico genera adecuadas condiciones de acidificación con pH entre 4.5 y 5 y la altura en los rodillos comprendida entre 8 a 10 mm garantiza un espesor de lámina de 2 a 5 mm, adecuada para su comercialización.
FABRICACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LÁMINAS DELGADAS EN LA ALEACIÓN Au-Ti
Authors: Serna Giraldo Claudia Patricia , Sánchez Londoño Héctor , Tobón Moreno Julián , Orozco Arroyave Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Aleaciones Au-Ti con porcentaje de Ti menor del 2% presentan excelentes propiedades mecánicas manteniendo su alta ley, siendo estas características bastante atractivas en joyería. En este trabajo se estudió el comportamiento metalúrgico mediante análisis de microestructuras y de microdureza de la aleación Au-1.0% Ti sometida a deformación en frío por laminación. Se fabricó la aleación Au–1%Ti en un horno plasma con atmósfera controlada. Se analizó el tratamiento térmico de homogenización a 980ºC durante una hora. Se realizó laminación en frio hasta el 70 % de reducción de espesor, y posterior tratamiento térmico de recristalización. Los parámetros de recristalización se determinaron con DSC y variando temperatura y tiempo. Se utilizó temperatura 500°C durante cinco minutos. La caracterización de la aleación se realizó mediante metalografía, microdureza y microscopia electrónica de barrido, se realizaron ensayos de EDS y de microcopelación para estudios de composición química. Los resultados muestran que, el tratamiento térmico de homogenización fue adecuado. La aleación Au-1% Ti laminada en frío hasta el 70% de reducción de espesor presenta un comportamiento dúctil, y es recomendable realizar recristalización para continuar deformando. Durante el tratamiento de recristalización pueden ocurrir fenómenos combinados de recristalización y envejecimiento que modifican la respuesta a la dureza. Fue posible obtener una reducción de espesor del 86% con dureza final de 85.6 HV, bastante superior a la del oro de alta ley. Esto hace la aleación Au-1%Ti atractiva para aplicaciones en joyería y otras aplicaciones industriales, que requieren la utilización de oro de alta ley.