bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exceptional Scarp Preservation in SW Namibia Reveals Geological Controls on Large Magnitude Intraplate Seismicity in Southern Africa
Authors: Muir R. A. , Whitehead B. A. , New T. , Stevens V. , Macey P. H. , Groenewald C. A. , Salomon G. , Kahle B. , Hollingsworth J. , Sloan R. A.
Published: March 2023

Four previously unrecognized neotectonic fault scarps in southwest Namibia are described. These relatively straight, simple but segmented structures are 16–80 km long and have measured vertical separations of 0.7–10.2 m. We estimate that each is capable of producing earthquakes ofMw6.4 or greater, indicating that large earthquakes may occur despite limited cumulative displacement. There is strong evidence that some of these scarps were formed by repeated earthquakes. Comparison with aeromagnetic and geological maps reveal that the normal faults reactivate major crustal weaknesses that are orientated north‐south and northwest‐southeast and perpendicular to the local gravitational potential energy gradient. The presence of these structures in an area with a limited record of instrumental seismicity suggests that theMmaxof this region may be much larger than generally assumed. They highlight the necessity of incorporating information from fault studies into probabilistic seismic hazard assessments in this region, in a similar way to other stable continental regions such as Australia. The fact that such major structures have gone hitherto unrecorded suggests significant further research is needed to characterize these sources of hazard. The identification of an apparent cluster of large magnitude neotectonic earthquakes in the area may be related to the exceptional preservation potential of scarps rather than indicating an area of comparatively rapid deformation. If this interpretation is correct, then these scarps represent an important indication of the potential seismic hazard across the region, and the occurrence of infrequent large‐magnitude seismicity on similar structures should be considered throughout southwestern Africa.
Bed Stability of Step‐Pool Channels With Macrorough Sidewalls
Authors: Maager F. , Hohermuth B. , Boes R. M. , Weitbrecht V.
Published: March 2023

A step‐pool bed morphology often develops in steep mountain streams. The main controlling parameters of step formation and stability are hydraulic forcing, sediment transport, and granular effects (i.e., grain‐grain interlocking, jamming). Previous studies found macrorough sidewalls to further increase bed stability due to grain‐sidewall interlocking but the effect of the reduced bed shear stress caused by sidewall friction was not explicitly considered. The present study aims at untangling hydraulic effects induced by the macrorough sidewalls and granular effects, that is, grain‐sidewall interaction. Flume experiments with five types of macrorough sidewalls were conducted under clear‐water conditions for bed slopes ranging between 4% and 10% and jamming ratios 5.3 < Wm/d84 < 11.2, where Wm is the mean channel width and d84 is a characteristic grain size of the sediment mixture. A modified sidewall correction procedure accounting for sidewall friction was applied to estimate bed shear stress. Bed stability considerably increased with increasing sidewall roughness. The dimensionless bed shear stress θRb controlled step occurrence as the system evolved toward a state of a maximum number of steps for critical Shields ratios θRb/θc ≈ 1. Contrary to the expectations, fewer steps formed in the roughest sidewall experiments as few very stable steps inhibited sediment relocation and therewith step formation. Steps were more frequently located in the constrictions caused by the macrorough elements and sustained higher bed shear stress increments. Overall, hydraulic effects fully explained the increase in bed stability in moderately rough sidewall experiments whereas granular effects became important in channels with strong local constrictions.
Raising the Visibility of Latin American Science
Authors: Basilio Humberto
Published: March 2023

Latin American scientists and journals are strengthening research, evaluation, publication, and communication systems to help redefine ideas of professional success that have largely been determined by the Global North.
Activation of TrkB in Parvalbumin interneurons is required for the promotion of reversal learning in spatial and fear memory by antidepressants
Authors: Jetsonen Elias , Didio Giuliano , Winkel Frederike , Llach Pou Maria , Boj Chloe , Kuczynski-Noyau Laura , Võikar Vootele , Guirado Ramon , Taira Tomi , Lauri Sari E. , Castrén Eero , Umemori Juzoh
Published: March 2023

Critical period-like plasticity (iPlasticity) can be reinstated in the adult brain by several interventions, including drugs and optogenetic modifications. We have demonstrated that a combination of iPlasticity with optimal training improves behaviors related to neuropsychiatric disorders. In this context, the activation of TrkB, a receptor for BDNF, in Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons has a pivotal role in cortical network changes. However, it is unknown if the activation of TrkB in PV+ interneurons is important for other plasticity-related behaviors, especially for learning and memory. Here, using mice with heterozygous conditional TrkB deletion in PV+ interneurons (PV-TrkB hCKO) in IntelliCage and fear erasure paradigms, we show that chronic treatment with fluoxetine, a widely prescribed antidepressant drug that is known to promote the activation of TrkB, enhances behavioral flexibility in spatial and fear memory, largely depending on the expression of the TrkB receptor in PV+ interneurons. In addition, hippocampal long-term potentiation was enhanced by chronic treatment with fluoxetine in wild-type mice, but not in PV-TrkB hCKO mice. Transcriptomic analysis of PV+ interneurons after fluoxetine treatment indicated intrinsic changes in synaptic formation and downregulation of enzymes involved in perineuronal net formation. Consistently, immunohistochemistry has shown that the fluoxetine treatment alters PV expression and reduces PNNs in PV+ interneurons, and here we show that TrkB expression in PV+ interneurons is required for these effects. Together, our results provide molecular and network mechanisms for the induction of critical period-like plasticity in adulthood.
The interaction between ferroptosis and inflammatory signaling pathways
Authors: Chen Yue , Fang Ze-Min , Yi Xin , Wei Xiang , Jiang Ding-Sheng
Published: March 2023

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death driven by excessive lipid peroxidation. Inflammation is one common and effective physiological event that protects against various stimuli to maintain tissue homeostasis. However, the dysregulation of inflammatory responses can cause imbalance of the immune system, cell dysfunction and death. Recent studies have pointed out that activation of inflammation, including the activation of multiple inflammation-related signaling pathways, can lead to ferroptosis. Among the related signal transduction pathways, we focused on five classical inflammatory pathways, namely, the JAK-STAT, NF-κB, inflammasome, cGAS-STING and MAPK signaling pathways, and expounded on their roles in ferroptosis. To date, many agents have shown therapeutic effects on ferroptosis-related diseases by modulating the aforementioned pathways in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the regulatory effects of these pathways on iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation have been described in detail, contributing to further understanding of the pathophysiological process of ferroptosis. Taken together, targeting these pathways related to inflammation will provide appropriate ways to intervene ferroptosis and diseases.
Eliciting preferences in glaucoma management—a systematic review of stated-preference studies
Authors: Scheres L. M. J. , Hiligsmann M. , van Gorcom L. , Essers B. A. B. , Beckers H. J. M.
Published: March 2023

Background

In most cases, glaucoma patients require long-term medical and/or surgical treatment. Preference studies investigate how different aspects of glaucoma management, such as health or process outcomes, are valued and herewith help stakeholders make care more responsive to patients’ needs. As, to our knowledge, no overview of these studies is currently available, this study aims to systematically review and critically appraise these studies.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted using keywords for stated-preference studies and glaucoma up to October 2021. Studies were included if they were original research and used a stated-preference methodology to investigate preferences in patients or healthcare professionals for different aspects of glaucoma management. Data were extracted and summarized. Furthermore, a quality appraisal of the included studies was performed using two validated checklists.

Results

The search yielded 1214 articles after removal of duplicates. Of those, 11 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies aimed to elicit preferences for glaucoma treatment (27%), glaucoma related health state valuation (36%), and services (36%) from the patient (91%) or ophthalmologists’ perspective (9%). Altogether studies included 69 attributes. The majority of attributes were outcome related (62%), followed by process (32%) and cost attributes (6%). Outcome attributes (e.g., effectiveness) were most often of highest importance to the population.

Conclusions

This systematic review provides an up-to-date and critical review of stated-preference studies in the field of glaucoma, suggesting that patients have preferences and are willing to trade-off between characteristics, and revealed that outcome attributes are the most influential characteristics of glaucoma management.
A symbiotic physical niche in Drosophila melanogaster regulates stable association of a multi-species gut microbiota
Authors: Dodge Ren , Jones Eric W. , Zhu Haolong , Obadia Benjamin , Martinez Daniel J. , Wang Chenhui , Aranda-Díaz Andrés , Aumiller Kevin , Liu Zhexian , Voltolini Marco , Brodie Eoin L. , Huang Kerwyn Casey , Carlson Jean M. , Sivak David A. , Spradling Allan C. , Ludington William B.
Published: March 2023

The gut is continuously invaded by diverse bacteria from the diet and the environment, yet microbiome composition is relatively stable over time for host species ranging from mammals to insects, suggesting host-specific factors may selectively maintain key species of bacteria. To investigate host specificity, we used gnotobiotic Drosophila, microbial pulse-chase protocols, and microscopy to investigate the stability of different strains of bacteria in the fly gut. We show that a host-constructed physical niche in the foregut selectively binds bacteria with strain-level specificity, stabilizing their colonization. Primary colonizers saturate the niche and exclude secondary colonizers of the same strain, but initial colonization by Lactobacillus species physically remodels the niche through production of a glycan-rich secretion to favor secondary colonization by unrelated commensals in the Acetobacter genus. Our results provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the establishment and stability of a multi-species intestinal microbiome.
Structural basis for TRIM72 oligomerization during membrane damage repair
Authors: Ma Yuemin , Ding Lei , Li Zhenhai , Zhou Chun
Published: March 2023

Tripartite Motif Protein 72 (TRIM72, also named MG53) mediates membrane damage repair through membrane fusion and exocytosis. During injury, TRIM72 molecules form intermolecular disulfide bonds in response to the oxidative environment and TRIM72 oligomers are proposed to connect vesicles to the plasma membrane and promote membrane fusion in conjunction with other partners like dysferlin and caveolin. However, the detailed mechanism of TRIM72 oligomerization and action remains unclear. Here we present the crystal structure of TRIM72 B-box-coiled-coil-SPRY domains (BCC-SPRY), revealing the molecular basis of TRIM72 oligomerization, which is closely linked to disulfide bond formation. Through structure-guided mutagenesis, we have identified and characterized key residues that are important for the membrane repair function of TRIM72. Our results also demonstrate that TRIM72 interacts with several kinds of negatively charged lipids in addition to phosphatidylserine. Our work provides a structural foundation for further mechanistic studies as well as the clinical application of TRIM72.
The future of software-controlled cooking
Authors: Blutinger Jonathan David , Cooper Christen Cupples , Karthik Shravan , Tsai Alissa , Samarelli Noà , Storvick Erika , Seymour Gabriel , Liu Elise , Meijers Yorán , Lipson Hod
Published: March 2023

To date, analog methods of cooking such as by grills, cooktops, stoves and microwaves have remained the world’s predominant cooking modalities. With the continual evolution of digital technologies, however, laser cooking and 3D food printing may present nutritious, convenient and cost-effective cooking opportunities. Food printing is an application of additive manufacturing that utilizes user-generated models to construct 3D shapes from edible food inks and laser cooking uses high-energy targeted light for high-resolution tailored heating. Using software to combine and cook ingredients allows a chef to more easily control the nutrient content of a meal, which could lead to healthier and more customized meals. With more emphasis on food safety following COVID-19, food prepared with less human handling may lower the risk of foodborne illness and disease transmission. Digital cooking technologies allow an end consumer to take more control of the macro and micro nutrients that they consume on a per meal basis and due to the rapid growth and potential benefits of 3D technology advancements, a 3D printer may become a staple home and industrial cooking device.
Photon bound state dynamics from a single artificial atom
Authors: Tomm Natasha , Mahmoodian Sahand , Antoniadis Nadia O. , Schott Rüdiger , Valentin Sascha R. , Wieck Andreas D. , Ludwig Arne , Javadi Alisa , Warburton Richard J.
Published: March 2023

The interaction between photons and a single two-level atom constitutes a fundamental paradigm in quantum physics. The nonlinearity provided by the atom leads to a strong dependence of the light–matter interface on the number of photons interacting with the two-level system within its emission lifetime. This nonlinearity unveils strongly correlated quasiparticles known as photon bound states, giving rise to key physical processes such as stimulated emission and soliton propagation. Although signatures consistent with the existence of photon bound states have been measured in strongly interacting Rydberg gases, their hallmark excitation-number-dependent dispersion and propagation velocity have not yet been observed. Here we report the direct observation of a photon-number-dependent time delay in the scattering off a single artificial atom—a semiconductor quantum dot coupled to an optical cavity. By scattering a weak coherent pulse off the cavity–quantum electrodynamics system and measuring the time-dependent output power and correlation functions, we show that single photons and two- and three-photon bound states incur different time delays, becoming shorter for higher photon numbers. This reduced time delay is a fingerprint of stimulated emission, where the arrival of two photons within the lifetime of an emitter causes one photon to stimulate the emission of another.
Predicting outcomes of continuous renal replacement therapy using body composition monitoring: a deep-learning approach
Authors: Yoo Kyung Don , Noh Junhyug , Bae Wonho , An Jung Nam , Oh Hyung Jung , Rhee Harin , Seong Eun Young , Baek Seon Ha , Ahn Shin Young , Cho Jang-Hee , Kim Dong Ki , Ryu Dong-Ryeol , Kim Sejoong , Lim Chun Soo , Lee Jung Pyo ,   Korean Association for the Study of Renal Anemia and Artificial Intelligence (KARAI), Kim Sung Gyun , Ko Gang Jee , Park Jung Tak , Chang Tae Ik , Chung Sungjin , Lee Jung Pyo , Lee Sang Ho , Choi Bum Soon , Jeon Jin Seok , Song Sangheon , Choi Dae Eun , Jung Woo Kyung
Published: March 2023

Fluid balance is a critical prognostic factor for patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). This study evaluated whether repeated fluid balance monitoring could improve prognosis in this clinical population. This was a multicenter retrospective study that included 784 patients (mean age, 67.8 years; males, 66.4%) with severe AKI requiring CRRT during 2017–2019 who were treated in eight tertiary hospitals in Korea. Sequential changes in total body water were compared between patients who died (event group) and those who survived (control group) using mixed-effects linear regression analyses. The performance of various machine learning methods, including recurrent neural networks, was compared to that of existing prognostic clinical scores. After adjusting for confounding factors, a marginal benefit of fluid balance was identified for the control group compared to that for the event group (p = 0.074). The deep-learning model using a recurrent neural network with an autoencoder and including fluid balance monitoring provided the best differentiation between the groups (area under the curve, 0.793) compared to 0.604 and 0.606 for SOFA and APACHE II scores, respectively. Our prognostic, deep-learning model underlines the importance of fluid balance monitoring for prognosis assessment among patients receiving CRRT.
Non-invasive measurements of ictal and interictal epileptiform activity using optically pumped magnetometers
Authors: Hillebrand Arjan , Holmes Niall , Sijsma Ndedi , O’Neill George C. , Tierney Tim M. , Liberton Niels , Stam Anine H. , van Klink Nicole , Stam Cornelis J. , Bowtell Richard , Brookes Matthew J. , Barnes Gareth R.
Published: March 2023

Magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG) are important techniques for the diagnosis and pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy. Yet, in current cryogen-based MEG systems the sensors are offset from the scalp, which limits the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and thereby the sensitivity to activity from deep structures such as the hippocampus. This effect is amplified in children, for whom adult-sized fixed-helmet systems are typically too big. Moreover, ictal recordings with fixed-helmet systems are problematic because of limited movement tolerance and/or logistical considerations. Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs) can be placed directly on the scalp, thereby improving SNR and enabling recordings during seizures. We aimed to demonstrate the performance of OPMs in a clinical population. Seven patients with challenging cases of epilepsy underwent MEG recordings using a 12-channel OPM-system and a 306-channel cryogen-based whole-head system: three adults with known deep or weak (low SNR) sources of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), along with three children with focal epilepsy and one adult with frequent seizures. The consistency of the recorded IEDs across the two systems was assessed. In one patient the OPMs detected IEDs that were not found with the SQUID-system, and in two patients no IEDs were found with either system. For the other patients the OPM data were remarkably consistent with the data from the cryogenic system, noting that these were recorded in different sessions, with comparable SNRs and IED-yields overall. Importantly, the wearability of OPMs enabled the recording of seizure activity in a patient with hyperkinetic movements during the seizure. The observed ictal onset and semiology were in agreement with previous video- and stereo-EEG recordings. The relatively affordable technology, in combination with reduced running and maintenance costs, means that OPM-based MEG could be used more widely than current MEG systems, and may become an affordable alternative to scalp EEG, with the potential benefits of increased spatial accuracy, reduced sensitivity to volume conduction/field spread, and increased sensitivity to deep sources. Wearable MEG thus provides an unprecedented opportunity for epilepsy, and given its patient-friendliness, we envisage that it will not only be used for presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients, but also for diagnosis after a first seizure.
Interchange of Southern Hemisphere humpback whales across the South Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Ramos Eric Angel , Cheeseman Ted , Marcondes Milton Cesar C. , Olio Marilia , Vogel Alexander , Elwen Simon , de Melo Thais H. M. , Facchola Cecília , Cipolotti Sérgio , Southerland Ken , Findlay Ken , Seyboth Elisa , McCue Steven A. , Kotze Pieter G. H. , Seakamela S. Mduduzi
Published: March 2023

The cosmopolitan distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) is largely driven by migrations between winter low-latitude breeding grounds and summer high-latitude feeding grounds. Southern Hemisphere humpback whales faced intensive exploitation during the whaling eras and recently show evidence of population recovery. Gene flow and shared song indicate overlap between the western (A) and eastern (B1, B2) Breeding Stocks in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans (C1). Here, we investigated photo-identification evidence of population interchange using images of individuals photographed during boat-based tourism and research in Brazil and South Africa from 1989 to 2022. Fluke images were uploaded to Happywhale, a global digital database for marine mammal identification. Six whales were recaptured between countries from 2002 to 2021 with resighting intervals ranging from 0.76 to 12.92 years. Four whales originally photographed off Abrolhos Bank, Brazil were photographed off the Western Cape, South Africa (feeding grounds for B2). Two whales originally photographed off the Western Cape were photographed off Brazil, one traveling to the Eastern Cape in the Southwestern Indian Ocean (a migration corridor for C1) before migrating westward to Brazil. These findings photographically confirm interchange of humpback whales across the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans and the importance of international collaboration to understand population boundaries.
Dynamic changes to signal allocation rules in response to variable social environments in house mice
Authors: Miller Caitlin H. , Hillock Matthew F. , Yang Jay , Carlson-Clarke Brandon , Haxhillari Klaudio , Lee Annie Y. , Warden Melissa R. , Sheehan Michael J.
Published: March 2023

Urine marking is central to mouse social behavior. Males use depletable and costly urine marks in intrasexual competition and mate attraction. We investigate how males alter signaling decisions across variable social landscapes using thermal imaging to capture spatiotemporal marking data. Thermal recording reveals fine-scale adjustments in urinary motor patterns in response to competition and social odors. Males demonstrate striking winner-loser effects in scent mark allocation effort and timing. Competitive experience primes temporal features of marking and modulates responses to scent familiarity. Males adjust signaling effort, mark latency, and marking rhythm, depending on the scent identities in the environment. Notably, recent contest outcome affects how males respond to familiar and unfamiliar urine. Winners increase marking effort toward unfamiliar relative to familiar male scents, whereas losers reduce marking effort to unfamiliar but increase to familiar rival scents. All males adjust their scent mark timing after a contest regardless of fight outcome, and deposit marks in more rapid bursts during marking bouts. In contrast to this dynamism, initial signal investment predicts aspects of scent marking days later, revealing the possibility of alternative marking strategies among competitive males. These data show that mice flexibly update their signaling decisions in response to changing social landscapes.
Effects of hydrostatic pressure on structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of energetic molecular perovskite (C6H14N2)(NH2NH3)(ClO4)3: a DFT-D insight
Authors: Li Qiaoli , Li Shenshen , Xiao Jijun
Published: March 2023

The structural, mechanical, and electronic properties and intermolecular interactions of (C6H14N2)(NH2NH3)(ClO4)3 at pressures up to 40 GPa have been investigated in detail for the first time by using dispersion-corrected DFT.
First-principles study of square chalcogen bond interactions and its adsorption behavior on silver surface
Authors: Wang Hui , Li Bin , Wang Xiaoting , Yin Fu , Wei Qiaoyu , Wang Xudong , Ni Yuxiang , Wang Hongyan
Published: March 2023

Square chalcogen bonds are formed by dimers, fluoro-substituted dimers were also considered for comparison. A systematic first-principles investigation of square chalcogen interaction, and its adsorption behavior on Ag surface are presented.
Peroxidase-induced C–N bond formation via nitroso ene and Diels–Alder reactions
Authors: Jäger Christina , Gregori Bernhard J. , Aho Juhana A. S. , Hallamaa Marleen , Deska Jan
Published: March 2023

Biocatalytically activated N-hydroxy carbamates and hydroxamic acids undergo C–N bond forming reactions through ene-type reactions or Diels–Alder cycloadditions via the generation of reactive acylnitroso intermediates.
Batch and continuous flow asymmetric synthesis of anabolic-androgenic steroids via a single-cell biocatalytic Δ1-dehydrogenation and C17β-carbonyl reduction cascade
Authors: Zhang Yajiao , Liu Minjie , Yang Zixin , Lin Juan , Huang Zedu , Chen Fener
Published: March 2023

Asymmetric synthesis of (+)-boldenone and (+)-boldenone undecylenate was achieved in batch and continuous flow, using an enzyme cascade process catalyzed by an engineered Δ1-KstD and a mined 17β-CR.
A novel long-acting antimicrobial nanomicelle spray
Authors: El-Sayed Mousa , Al-Mofty Saif El-Din , Mahdy Noha Khalil , Sarhan Wessam Awad , Azzazy Hassan Mohamed El-Said
Published: March 2023

Surfaces coated with cost-effective, benzoyl peroxide-loaded nanomicelles display antimicrobial properties for up to 7 weeks.
Sesquiterpenoids isolated from the rhizome ofCurcuma phaeocaulisValeton: antitumor activity,in silicomolecular docking and molecular dynamics study
Authors: Zhong Xiangjian , Yan Xin , Liu Weirui , Tian Yuxin , Song Ruolan , Dong Ying , Ren Xueyang , Zheng Yuan , Shan Dongjie , Lv Fang , Li Xianxian , Deng Qingyue , He Yingyu , Yuan Ruijuan , She Gaimei
Published: March 2023

This work provides a deep insight into new sesquiterpenoids isolated from Curcumae Rhizoma acting as potential antitumor activity inhibitors.
Strain-induced ordered Ge(Si) hut wires on patterned Si (001) substrates
Authors: Ming Ming , Gao Fei , Wang Jian-Huan , Zhang Jie-Yin , Wang Ting , Yao Yuan , Hu Hao , Zhang Jian-Jun
Published: March 2023

In this study, we demonstrate uniform Ge hut wire arrays on a flattened surface by multi-layer growth of strained Ge(Si) layers separated with Si spacer layers on top of site-controlled GeSi hut wires.
Solar cells based on 2D Janus group-III chalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Bikerouin M. , Chdil O. , Balli M.
Published: March 2023

Janus monolayers, realized by breaking the vertical structural symmetry of two-dimensional (2D) materials, pave the way for a new era of high-quality and high-performance atomically-thin vertical p–n heterojunction solar cells.
Synthesis and ring-opening metathesis polymerisation of o-alkoxy benzothiadiazole paracyclophane-1,9-dienes
Authors: Janpatompong Yurachat , Komanduri Venukrishnan , Khan Raja U. , Turner Michael L.
Published: March 2023

The preparation of highly strained o-dialkoxyphenylene benzothiazole paracyclophane-1,9-dienes is reported and the diastereoselectivity of the ring opening metathesis investigated.
Bioactive polyethylene synthesized by ring opening metathesis polymerization for potential orthopaedic applications
Authors: Guo Jiayi , Park Eun Ju , Teo Yew Chin , Abbas Asyraf , Goh Denise , Smith Raymond Alexander Alfred , Nie Yuntong , Nguyen Hang T. L. , Yeong Joe Poh Sheng , Cool Simon , Makio Haruyuki , Teo Peili
Published: March 2023

Bioactive polyethylene incorporating hydrophobic PE-bearing macromonomers and hydrophilic PEGylated-peptide macromonomers was synthesized via ROMP. 3D-printed sheets of it with UHMWPE showed enhanced osteogenic activity for potential orthopaedic applications.
Real-time detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples via ultrafast ligation-dependent RNA transcription amplification
Authors: Zhang Peng , Li Yang , Zhang Dongmei , Zhu Xinghao , Guo Jinling , Ma Cuiping , Shi Chao
Published: March 2023

SARS-CoV-2 detection process from sample to answer by using SCAN.
Graphene quantum dots incorporated NiAl2O4 nanocomposite based molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for 5-hydroxymethyl furfural detection in coffee samples
Authors: Turan Hatice Ebrar , Medetalibeyoglu Hilal , Polat İlknur , Yola Bahar Bankoğlu , Atar Necip , Yola Mehmet Lütfi
Published: March 2023

5-Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) is an intermediate produced by dehydrating sugars, such as fructose, sucrose, and glucose, in an acidic medium or during the Maillard reaction.
Fluorescence-based chemical tools for monitoring ultrasound-induced hydroxyl radical production in aqueous solution and in cells
Authors: Wong Cherie CY. , Sun Lu-Lu , Liu Meng-Jiao , Stride Eleanor , Raymond Jason L. , Han Hai-Hao , Kwan James , Sedgwick Adam C.
Published: March 2023

Hydroxyl-radical (˙OH) responsive fluorescent probes (Umb-DHB and Res-DHB) were developed that utilise the 3,5-dihydroxybenzyl (DHB) functionality. Res-DHB responded to ultrasound-induced hydroxyl radical production in solution and in cells.
A general synthetic method towards conjugated microporous polymers with ordered bicontinuous mesostructures
Authors: Yang Qiqi , Liu Yamei , Xiang Luoxing , Zhang Jiacheng , Yin Yucheng , Xu Fugui , Mai Yiyong
Published: March 2023

This study demonstrates a universal nanocasting approach for the synthesis of novel conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with bicontinuous architectures.
Enantioselective transformations of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural via catalytic asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides
Authors: Cristóbal Christian , Corral César , Carretero Juan C. , Ribagorda Maria , Adrio Javier
Published: March 2023

A copper catalyzed highly diastereo and enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition for the preparation of furanyl-pyrrolicines from HMF is reported.
Diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of biaryl aldehydes bearing both axial and central chirality
Authors: Huang Fen , Tao Ling-Fei , Liu Jiyong , Qian Linghui , Liao Jia-Yu
Published: March 2023

An unprecedented method for the synthesis of biaryl aldehydes bearing both axial and central chirality is presented.
All-alike hollow nanotubes of g-C3N4 converting photons into fuel by splitting water
Authors: Preeyanghaa Mani , Chuaicham Chitiphon , Shenoy Sulakshana , Neppolian Bernaurdshaw , Sasaki Keiko , Sekar Karthikeyan
Published: March 2023

Oxygen-containing porous CN hollow nanotubes were engineered by facile thermal polycondensation of oxalic acid-assisted supramolecular aggregates and revealed superior photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Quantum mechanical studies of p-azoxyanisole and identification of its electro-optic activity
Authors: Kumar Manish , Mishra Mirtunjai , Kumar Devesh , Singh Devendra
Published: March 2023

The order parameter and birefringence properties of PAA increase with electric field.
On the energetic and magnetic stability of neutral and charged lithium clusters doped with one and two yttrium atoms
Authors: González-Ramírez Henry Nicole , Silos Vega Héctor Xólotl , Gómez-Sandoval Zeferino , Flores-Moreno Roberto , Yáñez Osvaldo , Pineda-Urbina Kayim , Mojica-Sánchez Juan Pablo , Flores-Álvarez José Manuel
Published: March 2023

DFT calculations were performed to study the effect on energetic and magnetic stability when clusters with up to 24 lithium atoms were doped with one and two atoms of yttrium.
Ultraviolet-ozone concomitantly induced MoS2/MoOx heterostructures with improved SERS performance
Authors: Wei Zhao , Xie Songyang , Xiong Wei , Zen Shuwen , Chen Dong , Jiang Tao , Chen Da , Zhou Jun , Gu Chenjie
Published: March 2023

MoS2/MoOx heterojunctions with significantly improved SERS performance were fabricated using ultraviolet irradiation in an ozone atmosphere, and the enhancement mechanism was investigated via energy band analysis.
Correction: Aromatic amine electrochemical sensors based on a Co-MOF: a hydrogen bond-induced specific response
Authors: Wu Xiao-qin , Yang Ze-yu , Sang Xiao-jie , Tian Xin-xin , Wei Xuehong
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘Aromatic amine electrochemical sensors based on a Co-MOF: a hydrogen bond-induced specific response’ by Xiao-qin Wu et al., Dalton Trans., 2022, 51, 16861–16869, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2dt02049a.
Closed-loop recycling of microparticle-based polymers
Authors: Watanabe Takumi , Minato Haruka , Sasaki Yuma , Hiroshige Seina , Suzuki Hayato , Matsuki Nahomi , Sano Koki , Wakiya Takeshi , Nishizawa Yuichiro , Uchihashi Takayuki , Kureha Takuma , Shibayama Mitsuhiro , Takata Toshikazu , Suzuki Daisuke
Published: March 2023

We propose a recycling strategy for tough polymers based on microparticles. The "microparticle-based" concept allows materials recycling without loss of their properties (‘closed-loop’ recycling).
Synthesis of 3-amino-substituted benzothiadiazine oxides by a palladium-catalysed cascade reaction
Authors: Hommelsheim Renè , Bausch Sandra , van Nahl Robin , Ward Jas S. , Rissanen Kari , Bolm Carsten
Published: March 2023

By using a very low catalyst loading, a wide range of cyclic sulfoximine derivatives, that represent common cores of bioactive products, can be prepared in good to excellent yields at room temperature in a short period of time.
Styrene–butadiene–styrene-based stretchable electrospun nanofibers by carbon nanotube inclusion
Authors: Sarac Baran , Gürbüz Remzi , Micusik Matej , Omastova Maria , Rezvan Amir , Yüce Eray , Xi Lixia , Eckert Jürgen , Ozcan Ali , Sarac A. Sezai
Published: March 2023

The state-of-the-art organic composite nanofibers have advantages due to their low cost, mechanical flexibility, light weight and electrical conductivity. Crystalline-to-amorphous transition and carbon-oxygen interactions are observed with addition of carbon nanotubes.
Coronene guest molecule selectivity in host templates formed by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces at liquid/solid interfaces
Authors: Zhang Yufei , Lei Peng , Meng Ting , Deng Ke , Xiao Xunwen , Zeng Qingdao
Published: March 2023

COR guest molecules are selectively adsorbed in the hexagonal cavities in both H6PDB and H6PAB self-assembled systems and preferentially adsorbed in the H6PAB host template in the H6PAB/HPB system.
A combined UV-visible with fluorescence detection method based on an unlabeled aptamer and AuNPs for the sensitive detection of acetamiprid
Authors: Tian Liran , Song Xiangwei , Liu Tianjiao , Li Anfeng , Ning Yang , Hua Xiuyi , Dong Deming , Liang Dapeng
Published: March 2023

A simple spectral method with a wider detection range is proposed for the detection of acetamiprid.
A novel magnetic fluid for ultra-fast and highly efficient extraction of N1-methylnicotinamide in urine samples
Authors: Chen Zhuhui , Xiong Yue , Ma Ranran , Chen Pei , Duan Le , Yang Shuying , Gisèle Ineza Urujeni , You Linjun , Xiao Deli
Published: March 2023

Among the three pre-treatment materials, Fe3O4@HPMC@DMSA NPs were selected to be the best material and were used to perform MSPE-HPLC-UV.
Sesamol-based polybenzoxazines for ultra-low-k, high-k and hydrophobic coating applications
Authors: K Mohamed Mydeen , Arumugam Hariharan , Krishnasamy Balaji , Muthukaruppan Alagar
Published: March 2023

Sesamol-based polybenzoxazines, their dielectric behavior, and superhydrophobic properties for microelectronic insulation applications.
Reuse of steel slag as a photocatalyst for tetracycline degradation: mechanism of oxygen vacancies
Authors: Zhao Xin , Chen Taiyue , Xue Yu , Liu Jiaxiang
Published: March 2023

High value-added utilization of solid waste steel slag for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline is realized by alkali activation.
Speciation of borate in aqueous solutions studied experimentally by potentiometry and Raman spectroscopy and computationally by DFT calculations
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Liu Qian , Lan Youshi , Wang Di , Zhang Lifeng , Tang Xian , Yang Suliang , Luo Zhifu , Tian Guoxin
Published: March 2023

The presence of borate ions was confirmed experimentally and computationally, and B3O3(OH)52− existing in aqueous solutions was clearly solidified and its Raman vibrational band at 612 cm−1 was identified and reported for the first time.
Additive engineering with sodium azide material for efficient carbon-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Kumar Anjan , Sayyed M. I. , Sabugaa Michael M. , Singh Sangeeta , Gavilán Juan Carlos Orosco , Sharma Amit
Published: March 2023

Electron transport layer surface modification approach to enhance overall performance of Carbon electrode based perovskite solar cell.
Correction: Tempering of Au nanoclusters: capturing the temperature-dependent competition among structural motifs
Authors: Settem Manoj , Ferrando Riccardo , Giacomello Alberto
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘Tempering of Au nanoclusters: capturing the temperature-dependent competition among structural motifs’ by Manoj Settem et al., Nanoscale, 2022, 14, 939–952, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR05078H.
Recent advances in the material design for intelligent wearable devices
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Li Yuwen , Tao Ye , Sun Lingyun , Yu Chunyang
Published: March 2023

A flexible sensor is a key part of intelligent wearable devices. The design of micro–nano structured materials in sensors is crucial. Therefore, the recent application of micro–nano structured materials in intelligent wearable devices is summarized.
The Development of Left Hemisphere Lateralization for Sentence-Level Prosodic Processing
Authors: Pasquinelli Rennie , Tessier Anne Michelle , Karas Zachary , Hu Xiaosu , Kovelman Ioulia
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

The fine-tuning of linguistic prosody in later childhood is poorly understood, and its neurological processing is even less well studied. In particular, it is unknown if grammatical processing of prosody is left- or right-lateralized in childhood versus adulthood and how phonological working memory might modulate such lateralization. Furthermore, it is virtually unknown how prosody develops neurologically among children with cochlear implants (CIs).

Method:

Normal-hearing (NH) children ages 6–12 years and NH adults ages 18–28 years completed a functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging task, during which they heard sentence pairs and judged whether the sentences did or did not differ in their overall prosody (declarative, question, with or without narrow focus). Children also completed standard measures of expressive and receptive language.

Results:

Age group differences emerged; children exhibited stronger bilateral temporoparietal activity but reduced left frontal activation. Furthermore, children's performance on a nonword repetition test was significantly associated with activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus—an area that was generally more activated in adults than in children.

Conclusions:

The prosody-related findings are generally consistent with prior neurodevelopmental works on sentence comprehension, especially those involving syntax and semantics, which have also noted a developmental shift from bilateral temporal to left inferior frontal regions typically associated with increased sensitivity to sentence structure. The findings thus inform theoretical perspectives on brain and language development and have implications for studying the effects of CIs on neurodevelopmental processes for sentence prosody.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22255996
Analytical modelling of adaptive optics systems: Role of the influence function
Authors: Berdeu Anthony , Tallon Michel , Thiébaut Éric , Langlois Maud
Published: March 2023

Context.Adaptive optics (AO) is now a tool commonly deployed in astronomy. The real time correction of the atmospheric turbulence that AO enables allows telescopes to perform close to the diffraction limit at the core of their point spread function (PSF). Among other factors, AO-corrected PSFs depend on the ability of the wavefront corrector (WFC), generally a deformable mirror, to fit the incident wavefront corrugations.

Aims.In this work, we focus on this error introduced by the WFC, the so-called fitting error. To date, analytical models only depend on the WFC cut-off frequency, and Monte Carlo simulations are the only solution for studying the impact of the WFC influence function shape on the AO-corrected PSF. We aim to develop an analytical model accounting for the influence function shape.

Methods.We first obtain a general analytical model of the fitting error structure function. With additional hypotheses, we then derive an analytical model of the AO-corrected power spectral density. These two analytical solutions are compared with Monte Carlo simulations on different ideal profiles (piston, pyramid, Gaussian) as well as with real hardware (DM192 from ALPAO).

Results.Our analytical predictions show a very good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulations. We show that in the image plane, the depth of the correction as well as the transition profile between the AO-corrected area and the remaining turbulent halo depend on the influence functions of the WFC. We also show that the generally assumed hypothesis of stationarity of the AO correction is actually not met.

Conclusions.As the fitting error is the intrinsic optimal limit of an AO system, our analytical model allows for the assessment of the theoretical limits of extreme AO systems limited by the WFC in high-contrast imaging through a context where other errors become comparable.
Quiet Sun flux rope formation via incomplete Taylor relaxation
Authors: Robinson Rebecca A. , Aulanier Guillaume , Carlsson Mats
Published: March 2023

Context. Low-altitude nanoflares are among the candidates for atmospheric heating in the quiet Sun’s corona. Low-altitude twisted magnetic fields may be involved in such events, as they are in larger flares. But for nanoflares, the exact role, topology, and formation mechanisms of these twisted fields remain to be studied.

Aims. In this paper, we investigate the formation and evolution of a preflare flux rope in a fully stratified, 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulation of the quiet Sun using the Bifrost code. This study focuses on the time period before the rope eventually reconnects with an overlying field, resulting in a nanoflare-scale energy on the order of 1017 J. One puzzle is that this modeled flux rope does not form by any of the mechanisms usually at work in larger flares, such as flux emergence, flux cancellation, or tether-cutting reconnection.

Methods. Using Lagrangian markers to trace representative field lines, we follow the spatiotemporal evolution of the flux rope. By focusing on current volumes (which we call current sheets) between these lines, we identify flux bundles and associated reconnecting field line pairs. We also analyze the time-varying distribution function for the force-free parameter as the flux rope relaxes. Lastly, we compare different seeding methods for tracing magnetic field lines, and discuss their relevance to the analysis.

Results. We show that the modeled flux rope is gradually built from the coalescence of numerous current-carrying flux tubes. This occurs through a series of component reconnections that are continuously driven by the complex flows in the underlying convection zone. These reconnections lead to an inverse cascade of helicity from small scales to larger scales. We also find that the system attempts to relax toward a linear force-free field, but that the convective drivers and the nanoflare event prevent full Taylor relaxation.

Conclusions. Using a self-consistently driven simulation of a nanoflare event, we show for the first time an inverse helicity cascade tending toward a Taylor relaxation in the Sun’s corona, resulting in a well-ordered flux rope that later reconnects with surrounding fields. This provides context clues toward understanding the buildup of nanoflare events in the quiet Sun through incomplete Taylor relaxations, when no relevant flux emergence or cancellation is observed.
Zeolite-microfragmenting Media: A Potential Strategy to Accelerate Coral Growth
Authors: Mujahidah Khaulah , Ramadan Aolia , Hasan Veryl , Yanti Sahri , Islam Izzul , Iqrar Irum
Published: March 2023

Coral reef is a critical underwater ecosystem that is rich in biodiversity. Coral growth has decreased drastically due to physical and chemical threats, such as the effect of warming seawater, fish bombing activities, and the effects of wastewater. The efficiency level of coral transplantation is determined by many factors, including the stability of the environment physical condition, the level of coral diversity, and the method of transplantation. The influence of the planting medium can also be a key factor in succeeding the coral transplantation process. The use of stable and natural growing media can be a solution to replace conventional growing media that have been used. Zeolite material is a medium that has many advantages such as amending the trace elemental contents of saltwater such as carbon absorbents, detoxifiers, ammonia remover, catalysts, promoting marine micro-algal growth, become a media for bacterial growth, etc. This review discusses the possibility of zeolites as the candidate media that can be used as a new medium in coral transplantation process to accelerate coral growth and maintain coral health by increasing the adaptation of corals to the effects of global climate change.
Bioelectrochemical System Application for Pesticides Removal: A mini-review
Authors: Desy Askitosari Theresia , Larasati Amanda
Published: March 2023

The widespread use of pesticides for agricultural purposes results in their presence in the environment. Pesticide occurrence is causing potential negative impacts on human health and environmental deterioration in general. One of the interdisciplinary field to implement a technology for converting and conserving resources is bioelectrochemistry. An integrated system based on bioelectrochemical processes, namely Bioelectrochemical System (BES), has been well developed to date. The application of BES to remove various materials in the bioremediation process has been well established in the combination with diverse technologies. The set up of integrated BES with Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) is one of the promising solutions to enhance the removal of the pesticide in water. The BES in situ has been implemented to remove contaminants in groundwater. This mini-review discusses the recent development of pesticide removal and environmental remediation using bioelectrochemical approaches, offering new insight into the big scope of green technology application.
Épidémiologie des maladies rénales chroniques en pédiatrie
Authors: Harambat Jérôme , Morin Denis
Published: March 2023

Au cours des trente dernières années, des progrès majeurs ont été réalisés dans la prise en charge des enfants souffrant d’une maladie rénale chronique (MRC). Cependant, les données épidémiologiques existantes proviennent essentiellement des registres de traitement de suppléance de l’insuffisance rénale terminale. L’incidence et la prévalence aux stades plus précoces de MRC restent donc mal connues, mais de rares études en population suggèrent que la prévalence de la MRC, tous stades confondus, pourrait concerner jusqu’à 1 % de la population pédiatrique. Les désordres congénitaux, incluant les hypodysplasies rénales et uropathies malformatives (CAKUT) et les néphropathies héréditaires, sont responsables de la moitié aux deux tiers des cas de MRC de l’enfant dans les pays industrialisés, alors que les néphropathies acquises prédominent dans les pays en développement. La progression de la MRC est plus lente chez les enfants avec une maladie congénitale que chez ceux ayant une néphropathie glomérulaire, et d’autres facteurs de risque de progression ont également été identifiés. Alors que la survie des enfants présentant une MRC s’est continuellement améliorée au cours du temps, la mortalité reste 20 à 30 fois supérieure à celle de la population générale pédiatrique.