bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Screen Time and Health-Related Quality of Life: Testing the Displacement and Relational Hypotheses in a Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lo Camilla Kin Ming , Chan Edward Wai Wa , Cho Yuet Wing , Chan Ko Ling , Ip Patrick , Ho Frederick K.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Previous studies showed a significant association between screen time (ST) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children. However, the mechanisms underlying the association are unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the extent to which time spent (physical activities and sleep duration) and relationship factors (dysfunctional parent-child interaction and peer problems) mediate the association between children’s ST and their HRQoL.

METHODS

A population-representative sample of 1,033 parents of primary school children (49.3% female; Mage = 8.5, SDage = 1.9) in Hong Kong participated in the study over the course of one year (two waves). Children’s ST was reported by parents. The study outcome, children’s HRQoL, was assessed using the 23-item Pediatrics Quality of Life Inventory Parent-Proxy Report (PedsQL). Mediators, including dysfunctional parent-child interaction (PCDI), peer problems (SDQ-PP), weighted daily time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and weighted average of daily sleep duration, were assessed to test the displacement and relational hypotheses.

RESULTS

Multilevel structural equation modeling with a 1-1-1 mediation framework showed a statistically significant direct effect (β = -0.77, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.53) of ST on PedsQL. The association was partially mediated by both relationship factors (PCDI: β = -0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.15 to -0.03; mediation proportion = 8.33%; SDQ-PP: β = -0.13, 95% CI -0.23 to -0.03; mediation proportion = 12.74%) at the within-person level, but not time spent factors (i.e., sleep duration and MVPA).

CONCLUSIONS

Impairments in parent-child and peer relationships partially mediated the association between duration of screen time and children’s HRQoL. These findings suggest that relationship-focused intervention might buffer the negative associations of increased screen time on children’s functioning.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Comprehensive approach to the treatment of infectious endocarditis, complicated by acute heart failure, with the use of intraoperative hemoadsorption
Authors: Koltunova H.B.
Published: April 2024

Background. Hemoadsorption plays a pivotal role in the treatment of infectious endocarditis. The incidence of infectious endocarditis is reported at 3–7 cases per 100,000 individuals annually, with an in-hospital mortality rate ranging from 14 to 22 %. This is mainly attributed to acute heart failure, observed in 19 to 73 % of patients with infectious endocarditis, necessitating urgent surgical intervention. Hemoadsorption presents a promising strategy with a potential to improve overall treatment and outcomes in infectious endocarditis complicated by acute heart failure. The purpose was to assess the efficacy of intraoperative hemoadsorption in patients with infectious endocarditis complicated by acute heart failure. Materials and methods. The research included clinical data from 100 patients who underwent surgery for active infectious endocarditis using cardiopulmonary bypass between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020. In 25 cases from the general cohort, intraope-rative hemoadsorption was performed with the use of hemoperfusion cartridges. Analysis of clinical characteristics and biochemical data was conducted in patients with infectious endocarditis based on the intraoperative application of hemoadsorption. Results. Significant differences were observed between groups in the duration of inotropic and vasopressor support. The duration of dobutamine infusion in the group without hemoadsorption was significantly longer — 59.4 ± 6.2 hours compared to 38.2 ± 2.7 hours in patients with infectious endocarditis who were operated using intraoperative hemoadsorption (p = 0.047). Norepinephrine in the perioperative period was also used longer in the group without hemoadsorption — 39.4 ± 8.2 hours (p = 0.053). The duration of mechanical ventilation in patients with infectious endocarditis was reduced — 16.1 ± 0.9 hours compared to 19.3 ± 1.2 hours in the group without hemoadsorption (p = 0.091). With the application of hemoadsorption, there was a radical decrease in the levels of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin at all stages of the study. Conclusions. Our study suggests that hemoadsorption can be an effective strategy in the treatment of infectious endocarditis, improving the course of the early postoperative period and the dynamics of inflammatory markers.
Comparative characteristics of the effectiveness of spinal anesthesia with intrathecal administration of bupivacaine and its combination with adjuvants
Authors: Shchegolkov Ye.E.
Published: April 2024

Background. Currently, there is active discussion regarding the effectiveness of different adjuvants in spinal anesthesia. Objective: to compare the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl as adjuvants in combination with intrathecal bupivacaine administration during biportal endoscopic discectomy. Materials and methods. The study included 150 patients. Using block randomization based on a sample size, patients were divided intro the following groups: 1) group 1 — intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.5 ml in 0.5 ml of normal saline; 2) group 2 — intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.5 ml with fentanyl 25 µg; 3) group 3 — intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine 5 µg. Results. A faster onset of a sensory block up to T8 was observed in group 3 (4.39 ± 0.90 minutes), which was 20.9 ± 1.4 % earlier compared to group 1, where this parameter was 5.55 ± 1.37 minutes (p = 0.00124). When comparing similar data between groups 2 and 3, no statistically significant difference was observed (p = 0.68135). The time to two-segment regression from the highest sensory level was highest during the administration of bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine (group 3), 147.39 ± 24.95 minutes. A similar trend was maintained in the time indicators of sensory regression to S1 from the highest sensory level. The time to Bromage 0 regression in the bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine group (group 3) was on average 90.52 ± 3.25 % higher compared to the bupivacaine and fentanyl group and exceeded similar values in the bupivacaine with normal saline group (group 1) by 133.55 ± 4.18 %. The overall duration of analgesia was highest in group 3 — 482.63 ± 66.85 minutes. This was on average 67.39 ± 2.75 % longer compared to group 2 and 119.55 ± ± 4.14 % longer compared to group 1 (p < 0.001). The pain severity 6 hours after surgery was the lowest in the group of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine (group 3) — 2.05 ± 0.79 that was 67.04 ± 2.51 % lower than the corresponding value in the bupivacaine and fentanyl group (group 2) and 68.27 ± 2.35 % lower than in the bupivacaine with normal saline group (group 1). Conclusions. Intrathecal administration of hyperbaric bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine 5 µg during spinal anesthesia has the maximum effect in terms of deve-loping motor and sensory blocks, prolongs postoperative analgesia, and reduces the need for postoperative use of narcotic analgesics.
Relationship between dental caries level and quality of life of communities aged 35-44 years in South Daha District, South Hulu Sungai Regency
Authors: Fatma Sonya , Hamdani Riky , Hamdani Riky , Purwaningayu Juli Harnida , Purwaningayu Juli Harnida
Published: April 2024

Dental caries is the most common dental and oral health problem worldwide, including in Indonesia. Dental caries can be caused by a person’s decreased level of productivity, and severe dental caries can cause pain and difficulty eating and sleeping, thus affecting the quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of dental caries and the quality of life of people aged 35-44 years in Daha Selatan District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan Province. This research used analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach. The population of this research was 106 people of South Daha District aged 35-44 years who were selected using simple random sampling technique. The results of statistical analysis using the Chi-square test obtained a significance value of 0.012 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant correlation between the level of dental caries and the quality of life of 35-44-year-olds. There is a definite need for increasing public awareness of the importance of maintaining oral and dental health to reduce cases of tooth decay caused by dental caries and improve people’squality of life.
Management of herpangina: a viral infection in infants
Authors: Prathiwi Caecilia Dewi Ratna , Bramanti Indra
Published: April 2024

Herpangina is a self-limiting disease caused by coxsackievirus. The manifestation consists of acute febrile with small ulcerative or vesicular lesions on the tonsillar, soft palate, uvula and buccal mucosa. The disease mostly affects children. The aim of this case report is to discuss the oral symptoms of herpangina based on current literature for dental and health practitioners. In our case, a 15-month-old baby girl presented with high fever reaching 40.2 °C for 2 days with no seizures, cold and cough. Intra oral examination showed several well-defined whitish round lesions on the soft palate and one on the upper left lip. The patient was prescribed 3ml of methisoprinol 250 mg 3 times a day, 4 ml of paracetamol 125 mg every 6 hours, hyaluronic acid spray 3 times a day, and 1ml of vitamin C 40 mg taken once a day. The patient showed no sign of bacterial infection. Lesion disappeared after 7 days of treatment. Upon follow-up visit after 2 weeks, the lesion had completely disappeared. Dentists should be able to recognize and manage herpangina cases in infants.
Prevalence and potential risk factors for periodontal disease among adults aged 35-54 years in Banten
Authors: Theresia Tiarma Talenta , Putri Stephanie Lowis
Published: April 2024

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the gingival tissue and the underlying structures. Risk factors play a role in both the initiation and development of periodontal disease. It is important to know the risk factors for periodontal disease to prevent the occurrence of more widespread periodontal disease. Based on the 2018 Riskesdas, the prevalence of dental and oral health problems in Banten was 62.8%. This study aims to determine the prevalence and potential risk factors for periodontal disease among adults aged 35-54 years in Banten. This research was an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2018 Riskesdas (National Basic Health Research) in Banten. We used total sampling method in this study. Information was processed using SPSS software, and data was presented in tables containing frequencies and percentages. The total number of respondents aged 35-54 years in Banten was 6,755. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six respondents met the inclusion criteria, while 595 respondents were excluded due to missing data. Thus, 1,271 respondents were obtained and became the research subjects. The majority of respondents were female (64.4%), had low educational level (61.2%), employed (62.6%), brushed their teeth at the wrong time (99.2%), did not smoke (65.9%), did not chew tobacco (96.5%), were obese (51.4%), and did not suffer from diabetes mellitus (95.6%) and hypertension (82.2%). The prevalence of periodontal disease in these respondents was 27.6%. Potential risk factors for periodontal disease among adults aged 35-54 years in Banten include a high degree of education, employment status, smoking behavior, inappropriate toothbrushing time, and obesity.
Differences in levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Pritama Muhammad Fauzi Adityawan , Syaify Ahmad , Suryono Suryono
Published: April 2024

Periodontitis is characterized by gingival bleeding, periodontal pocket formation, damage to the connective tissue attachment, and alveolar bone resorption. One of the risk factors that can increase the occurrence of periodontitis is diabetes mellitus (DM). In Indonesia, the incidence and prevalence of periodontitis are higher in patients with type 2 DM. In the present study, BMP-2 expression in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 DM was evaluated. We performed a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study in 40 respondents with stages II-III grades B-C chronic periodontitis. They were divided into a chronic periodontitis group with type 2 DM and a chronic periodontitis group without DM. Crevicular fluid of the gingival sulcus of the central maxillary anterior teeth from each respondent was taken using paper points for 5 minutes and placed in an Eppendorf tube. Each tube was labelled according to its group. All of the samples were examined by BMP-2 ELISA kit and measured by BioRad microplate reader with a wavelength of 450 nm. Data were analysed using SPSS 16.0 program. The independent sample t-test was used to compare the BMP-2 among two groups. The results of the study revealed the BMP-2 level in periodontitis patients with type 2 DM was 63.1 pg/ml, while in periodontitis patients without DM was 66.8 pg/ml. BMP-2 levels in periodontitis patients with type 2 DM were significantly lower than those in periodontitis patients without DM (p < 0.05).
Research on Teaching Evaluation Index System of Applied Undergraduate Teachers
Authors: Zhou Dongsheng , Zhou Jun
Published: April 2024

With the continuous development of our country's social economy and undergraduate education teaching reform, colleges and universities should "focus on training innovative, compound, applied talents", the applied talents training mentioned a prominent position, for higher education talent training pointed out the direction. As the backbone and foundation of the development of application-oriented undergraduate colleges and universities, the society from all walks of life is paying more and more attention to the training quality of application-oriented undergraduate colleges and universities and the teaching evaluation of teachers. This paper is committed to exploring and constructing a set of teaching evaluation index system for applied undergraduate college teachers that meets the development requirements of the new era, has the characteristics of standardization, science and strong practical operation, so as to further optimize the teaching evaluation mechanism of applied undergraduate college and continuously improve the level of teaching quality management in colleges and universities. At the same time, it helps and promotes teacher education and teaching to be more professional, standardized and targeted, so as to better promote the development of teachers' career.
Leveraging Cloud Infrastructure for Rapid Application Development and Deployment of Cloud Services
Authors: Okanda Paul M.
Published: April 2024

Backend as a service (BaaS) is service model in which developers outsource all the behind-the-scenes aspects of a web or mobile application so that they only have to write and maintain only the frontend. This paper explores representative BaaS platforms and the limitations they present to users. Using the feedback received from the developer community, the author presents how the research project addresses the weaknesses earlier identified in existing BaaS platform. Some of these concerns include security aspects that a BaaS platform should present as a bare minimum. Finally, the paper discusses a summary of the benefits that businesses and developers employing a BaaS platform could derive from using a BaaS platform that addresses the limitations of existing platforms. The platform, referred to as DbAPI symbolizes the ways in which databases and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) present a powerful tool that provides cloud services to users in a way that abstracts the complexity of deploying cloud services while still addressing security concerns. This tool enhances the software development process through the acceleration of the software development life cycle, the reduction of associated costs, and the abstraction of computing infrastructure complexity.
Программное обеспечение для обработки спектральных данных методами хемометрики и машинного обучения
Authors: Саакян А.В. , Левин А.Д.
Published: April 2024

В статье описан программный пакет, поддерживающий основные методы хемометрики и машинного обучения, используемые для обработки спектральных данных. Он может использоваться как в составе программного обеспечения аналитических спектральных приборов, так и автономно. Пакет содержит как распространенные методы (линейный и квадратичный дискриминантный анализ, регрессия на главные компоненты, метод частичных наименьших квадратов), так и менее известные, но доказавшие свою эффективность при обработке спектров, в том числе метод случайного леса и экстремальный градиентный бустинг. Приводятся данные об апробации программного обеспечения на примере его использования для решения задач классификации частиц черного углерода по исходным объектам горения.
DOES EMPLOYER BRANDING RETAIN EMPLOYEES? JOB SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATOR
Authors: Slavković Marko , Mirić Marija
Published: April 2024

The development and quality of human capital determine contemporary companies’ long–term competitive potential. Consequently, in addition to the goods and services market, companies aspire to be competitive in the labour market in order to acquire and retain skilled employees. Creating a distinct employer brand is a successful strategic reaction by top management to the increasing pressures to reduce turnover rates. This study aims to look at job satisfaction’s role as a mediator in the link between employer brand and employee retention. The research was conducted on a sample of 128 companies in the Republic of Serbia, with primary data acquired by the survey method. We applied the PLS-SEM and found that satisfaction acts as a competitive mediator in the relationship between organisational culture and employee retention, and as a complete mediator in the link between training and development, and retention. Furthermore, the analysis showed that job satisfaction appears as a complementary intervening variable in the employer reputation-employee retention path. The study provides a foundation for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex nature of the interaction between the investigated components of the employer brand and staff retention, as well as assistance for management decision-making in the creation of initiatives to prevent voluntary turnover.
MODELAMIENTO DE NICHO ECOLÓGICO DE DOS ESPECIES DE SALAMANDRAS NEOTROPICALES (PLETHODONTIDAE): Oedipina parvipes (PETERS, 1879) Y Oedipina complex (DUNN, 1924)
Authors: Lopez-Preciado Andres Ricardo , Ramírez-Galeano Cristian Camilo , Garzón-Matamoros Laura Nathaly
Published: April 2024

Las salamandras tropicales de la familia Plethodontidae son organismos de los que no se tiene información clara sobre su distribución geográfica, aspectos ecológicos y las condiciones ambientales en las que pueden habitar. Los modelamientos de nicho ecológico son considerados una herramienta útil para predecir las áreas de idoneidad ambiental, así como las distribuciones geográficas de especies poco estudiadas. En este trabajo se efectuó una búsqueda de registros históricos confiables, en redes de datos de acceso abierto, así como en artículos científicos de las presencias de Oedipina parvipes  y Oedipina complex, que junto con la implementación de variables  climáticas, permitieron la realización de modelamientos de nicho ecológico de estas especies bajo el principio de máxima entropía de MaxEnt mediante el paquete Kuenm. Nuestros resultados predicen zonas de alta idoneidad ambiental para diferentes regiones de Centroamérica y Suramérica, destacando el canal de Panamá y el Pacífico colombiano como los lugares más óptimos para la presencia de estas especies de salamandras. Este trabajo muestra la necesidad de aumentar investigaciones de diferentes campos en las regiones poco estudiadas donde se predice la presencia de estas especies que no cuentan con registros o sus registros no son del todo confiables. Identificar las áreas potenciales de distribución de estas especies es de suma importancia para que se puedan tomar decisiones informadas para la conservación de especies vulnerables y que pueden verse afectadas por las actividades humanas.
Funciones ejecutivas y gestión del aprendizaje autorregulado en estudiantes de carreras de medicina y salud
Authors: Lepe-Martínez Nancy , Pinochet-Quiroz Palmenia , Gálvez-Gamboa Francisco , Moreno-Cerda María , Tapia-Castro Yanina , Durán-González Esperanza
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Las funciones ejecutivas (FE) son uno de los componentes más relevantes para el éxito académico de niños(as) y jóvenes, porque permite la regulación eficaz de procesos cognitivos, el ajuste social y el buen desempeño académico. La gestión del aprendizaje autorregulado (GAAR) permite que los estudiantes puedan buscar de manera consciente estrategias para aprender y se motiven a sí mismos, lo que facilita la búsqueda activa de solución a los problemas, generando alternativas y que puedan anticipar respuestas.

Objetivo: El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar la relación existente entre funciones ejecutivas, gestión del aprendizaje autorregulado y rendimiento académico (RA) en universitarios de primer año del área de ciencias de la salud y medicina.

Método: Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo y corte transversal, a partir de una muestra de 101 estudiantes de edades entre 17 y 27 años (M = 18.71, DE = 1.18), donde 64 eran mujeres (63.4%) y eran 37 eran hombres (36.6%).  Del total, 51 corresponden a estudiantes de la carrera de Medicina y 50 de Química y Farmacia. Se utiliza como variable dependiente el rendimiento académico y como independientes las FE y GAAR, se analiza el objetivo mediante correlaciones de Spearman y la prueba Kruskall-Wallis.

Resultados: Los resultados muestran que existe relación significativa entre las FE y GAAR y las FE de monitorización, flexibilidad cognitiva y planificación con el rendimiento académico.

Conclusiones: Se demuestra un buen desarrollo de habilidades relacionadas con las variables estudiadas. En el caso de GAAR y el RA, se evidenció una relación significativa en las dimensiones de autogestión del aprendizaje y percepción del desempeño académico. Se cree relevante seguir profundizando la relación entre FE y GAAR y de estas variables con el RA, y considerar estos resultados en los planes de apoyo que se generen para estudiantes de primer año universitario.
Simulación clínica de alta fidelidad con enfoque de género para estudiantes de nutrición
Authors: Trunce-Morales Silvana Trinidad , San Martín Santibáñez Rocío Paulina , García Alvarado Katherine Isabel , Vera Reyes Pablo Andrés , Riquelme Inostroza Lorena Edit
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La simulación clínica de alta fidelidad se caracteriza por el uso de tecnología y/o pacientes estandarizados en un escenario realista. Al ser incorporada en la formación de estudiantes de salud, fortalece la confianza y seguridad para enfrentar sus prácticas en el área clínica. Incorporar temáticas de enfoque de género es relevante en el pregrado y se debe orientar la atención de pacientes con esta perspectiva.

Objetivo: Determinar la calidad y satisfacción de los estudiantes de la carrera de nutrición y dietética al implementar un escenario de simulación clínica de alta fidelidad con enfoque de género en la asignatura de dietoterapia del adulto II.

Método: Enfoque mixto, exploratorio, descriptivo y de corte transversal, muestreo no probabilístico intencional. La muestra consistió en 36 estudiantes que aceptaron participar a través del consentimiento informado.

Resultados: La encuesta de calidad y satisfacción de la simulación clínica y autoevaluación, destacó un alto grado de satisfacción alcanzando un 93.54%. En cuanto a su propio desempeño, el 92.67% de los estudiantes manifestó estar de “acuerdo” o “muy de acuerdo” con este. Respecto al análisis del discurso, el aprendizaje fue relacionado con las habilidades desarrolladas, la confianza y el ambiente seguro, asociado a la experiencia práctica, favoreciendo la comunicación efectiva. El enfoque de género fue relacionado con los conceptos de: experiencia positiva, nueva experiencia y espacio de cercanía con el paciente.

Conclusiones: La simulación clínica contribuyó significativamente a la mejora de habilidades como el razonamiento clínico y competencias esenciales como la atención con enfoque de género y comunicación efectiva, fortaleciendo la autoconfianza en las capacidades y desempeño de los estudiantes. Se sugiere profundizar en futuras investigaciones la incorporación del enfoque de género en la formación de profesionales del área de la salud.
Assessing the Possibility of Implementing Distributed Diagnostic Systems for Hydrogen Fuel Cells Using Local and Global Telecommunication Networks
Authors: Denisov E. S. , Eniliev R. R. , Gaisin N. R. , Shafigullin I. D.
Published: April 2024

The development of effective methods and means for diagnosing hydrogen fuel cells during their operation is an urgent task, since their implementation will improve the energy characteristics and stability of operation by detecting incorrect operating modes and malfunctions at the early stages of development. This problem can be solved by using various approaches based on the analysis of impedance, relaxation or fluctuation-noise characteristics. All of these methods require the implementation of rather complex computational procedures and the accumulation of fairly large amount of statistical data, which makes it difficult to implement diagnostic devices on inexpensive embedded microprocessor tools. To overcome this drawback, this work proposes the use of distributed diagnostic systems with high-performance server devices connected to local modules via global or local telecommunication networks. Such an implementation will significantly simplify the requirements for local diagnostic modules and reduce their cost, but this raises the question of the efficiency of making diagnostic decisions by such systems.The work carried out, is a study of delays in making diagnostic and control decisions when using remote server devices for signal processing. It has been shown that the use of such systems makes it possible to achieve delays of less than one second even when using intercontinental communication lines. It should be noted that in applications critical to time delays, the distance between the client and server systems should be reduced. The advantages of the proposed implementation of a diagnostic system for electrochemical energy sources are the possibility of simplifying local measurement systems installed on individual sources, the possibility of accelerating signal processing through the use of more productive computing tools and the accumulation of statistical data.
Optimum Control Wind Power Installations Being Subjected to Ice Formation on Wind Wheel Blades Within Wind Electrc Station Structure
Authors: Buyalsky V. I.
Published: April 2024

On the basis of the analysis of wind electric unit control with preliminary installation of blades at a required angle according to an estimation of the drive pitch engine start timesubjected toice formation on wind wheel blades to minimize the wind turbine rotor angular speedtransient time, that promotes wind wheel rotation speed stability under the conditions of incomplete wind speed and the electric loadinginformation, that may change significantly with time, the criterion of access time to the of bladeposition control devicefrom the proposed and basic methods of control is established. The program module towind power automation control within thewind electric stationstructure is developed, providing relevantsystem preparation for external actions due to ice formation on blades wind wheel at different operation modes of power unit,that showedangular speed increase of a wind turbine rotor during winter time thus demanding more energy of a wind stream (14m/s) in comparison with the spring and autumn period (11.1m/s).Therefore, ice formation on wind wheel blades slows down wind wheel rotor rotation. Hence, the offered control method efficiency during winter time to avoid control delay is shown byrotation speed increase of a wind turbine rotor towards can be realizedforwind speeds exceeding 13m/s. The improved software control unit of wind power installation within the structure of wind power station based on the power unit operation modes provides: «Summer mode» - electric power generationunder favorable environment conditions; «Winter mode» - electric power generation under ice formation on blades wind wheel.
Causes of Damage to the Pressure Gauge Installed on the Process Pipeline
Authors: Repyakh V.S. , Reshetov S.Yu. , Kleshchareva G.A. , Kushnarenko E.V.
Published: April 2024

During the operation of technological pipelines and equipment the transporting and processing media contain aggressive components, such as hydrogen sulfide dissolved in reservoir water, damage often occurs causing significant material problems, such as hydrogen sulfide cracking, hydrogen embrittlement, delamination, ulcers, pitting and others. Moreover, such damage can be observed not only on the main, but also on auxiliary and monitoring equipment, which failure can lead to significant material and environmental consequences. In particular, this article discusses the main causes of pressure gauge spring destruction, leading to failure of pressure gauge control the technological process of supplying hydrocarbon raw materials on the process pipeline. The results of damage studies of a tubular pressure gauge spring are presented in order to determine the causes of its destruction. To this end, the following measures were carried out: visual and measuring control (VIC); fractographic and metallographic studies, microhardness measurement of the spring metal, as well as spectral analysis of the chemical composition of the manometric spring metal. The conducted research allowed us to formulate the main conclusions about the destruction causes of a pressure gauge spring having a plane-oval cross-section: firstly, the chemical composition of the spring and pressure gauge holder materials fully comply with the declared by the enterprise operating it; secondly, the microhardness of the spring material itself does not meet the requirements of the NACE MR0175 standard; and thirdly, based on the first two conclusions and guided by the results of fractographic studies, it was found that stress concentrators are the cause of the destruction of the manometric spring under study, namely corrosion ulcers, which, during operation of the manometric spring in a complex stress state and exposure to hydrogen sulfide-containing working medium, led to the nucleation of microcracks and hydrogen sulfide cracking of the manometric spring metal, which has increased hardness and sensitivity to stress concentration.
Calculation of Ice Load on a Cylindrical Vertical Support
Authors: Glushan P.V. , Balabukha A.V. , Russ R.V. , Shchegoleva S.A.
Published: April 2024

The Arctic is a unique region with enormous scientific potential. Studying the area allows scientists to expand their knowledge of climate change, biodiversity, geological processes and more. One of the key aspects of studying the Arctic is the analysis of ice load - the mass of ice that exerts pressure on the substrate and affects the morphology and dynamics of coastal areas. Ice load studies are important for predicting changes in Arctic ice cover, as well as for developing measures to protect coastal zones from the destructive effects of ice. Scientists are using a variety of methods, including ground measurements, satellite data and numerical models, to gain a better understanding of ice load dynamics. Understanding these processes has direct implications for climate change and global sea levels. This is also important for the navigation safety and the development of coastal infrastructures. Ice stress research plays a key role in conserving the Arctic’s unique ecosystem and developing sustainable strategies for using the region's resources. This article calculates the global ice load on a structure with a vertical wall and determines the global loads on a multi-support structure consisting of vertical supports. For this purpose, methods to determine the compressive strength of ice and the modified formula of K.N. Korzhavin were used. The results of the work can be presented in the form of diagrams based on calculations of global load and ice thickness. The data obtained can be useful in the design of structures subject to ice loads.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF KEY INDICATORS TO ASSESS PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY
Authors: Lihachev V. N.
Published: April 2024

The next problems exist when assessing the economic efficiency of production industries, as well as when choosing the most effective investment projects. So, to assess the economic efficiency of various production, a single standard indicator should be used; but in fact, a system of indicators is used. This system of indicators does not allow ranking production according to their level of efficiency. The existing methodology for measuring production efficiency, which is based on the cost approach, is less informative than the resource approach. The resource approach makes it possible to construct a comprehensive indicator of the overall efficiency of production on the basis of its constituent factors: capital productivity, material productivity and worker productivity. In this article are analyzed the evaluation properties of the following priority evaluation indicators of economic efficiency of production: economic effect, profitability of revenue and profitability of production capital (assets). The general characteristics of these indicators are given, their terminology is clarified, classification and calculation formulas are also given. A quantitative relationship is determined between the indicators of general and self-financing efficiency, and between the indicators - return on revenue and return on production capital. Using the example of forming an investment plan for the technical requipment of production, the preference of using such a relative efficiency indicator as the profitability of production capital is proved in comparison with the absolute indicator - the economic effect. The authors of the “revenue profitability” indicator performed additional calculations to select the highest priority indicator. As a result, it was established that the indicator of the overall efficiency of the applied production complex capital is the main, most informative assessment indicator both at the stage of creating production and at the stages of its operation.
“EXPRESSION” AS A BASIC CONCEPT AND ITS VERBALIZATION IN M. TSVETAEVA’S TEXTS
Authors: Gubanov S. A.
Published: April 2024

The article covers the analysis of one of the basic concepts of the Russian language and an integral part of the concept sphere of M. Tsvetaeva’s individual style - the concept «Expression». The research material was «Marina Tsvetaeva’s Dictionary of Poetic Language» and the collected works of M. Tsvetaeva in seven volumes and also a dictionary compiled by Vera Ubiiko, Poetic Corpus of National Corpus of the Russian Language. On the base of cognitive-semantic, lexicographical, component, contextual and quantitative methods, the attribute language words that verbalize the qualitative characteristics of the concept «Expression» in M. Tsvetaeva’s texts were examined. It has been established that the verbalization of this concept occurs by means of attribute vocabulary, the main place among which is given to the adjective and adverb. The individual style specificity of the verbalization of the concept «Expression» in M. Tsvetaeva’s texts consists in the complex semantic organization of figurative epithets that arose as a result of the representation of various emotional and attributive characteristics: the expression of the state of the described subject intersects with his personal perception and the transfer of the feelings of the lyrical heroine. Metaphorical and metonymic types of figurative attribute words indicate a detailed figurative understanding of the concept in question as the main source of information about the subject. The frequency of use of various structural and morphological types of epithet complexes, as well as the tendency towards occasional lexical-semantic compatibility of the epithet and the defined word, are due to the subjectivity and extreme emotionality of the poet’s texts. The tendency of M. Tsvetaeva’s language to constantly renew the language and the reflection of this process in her texts is noted, which is expressed in the epithet as an aesthetic and linguistic dominant of her work. It is necessary to note the productivity of using the cognitive-semantic approach to the study of the epithet and its role in the verbalization of concepts of various types within the framework of individual style.
The Rise of Developing Economies
Authors: Shah Disha
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This research delves into the transformative shifts in the global economic landscape, spotlighting the ascending influence of developing economies, notably China and India. Contrary to projections by international financial institutions, the study contends that India's pro-market reforms position it as a potential economic giant in the 21st century. Analyzing the economic transformations since China's 1978 reforms and India's 1991 reforms, the study emphasizes the significance of these economies' growth and diversification due to their demographic and economic resources. China's earlier reforms during the Cold War allowed advantageous dealings for domestic businesses, facilitated by a well-equipped administration. Both countries, however, exhibit growth reliant on unsustainable credit booms, rendering them financially vulnerable. As global market leaders, China and India's economic success reshaped global markets, trade patterns, and investment strategies. This chapter aims to furnish essential insights into the evolution of these economic giants, offering foundational knowledge for investment and business opportunities in India and China
Energy Efficient for Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Verma Yash , Garg Inakshi , Mamidipelli Vyshnavi , Kumar Nivas
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), known for their decentralized and self-configuring properties, utilize sensor nodes to collect and transmit data to a base station. However, due to their sprawling nature and the substantial distances involved, energy management remains a critical challenge in WSNs. To mitigate this, hierarchical clustering has been identified as an effective strategy. This approach involves dividing the network into clusters of a predetermined size, each led by a cluster head selected based on their energy levels and proximity to the base station. The chosen head is typically the node with the least distance to the base station and the highest energy reserve. These heads facilitate inter-cluster communication and data transfer to the base station. This research presents the implementation and enhancement of the WEMER protocol, aimed at prolonging the lifespan of WSNs. The WEMER protocol initially segments the network into clusters with respective heads and designates leader nodes to relay data from the cluster heads to the base station. Enhancements to this protocol include the deployment of gateway nodes close to the base station. These nodes receive data from the leader nodes, which in turn acquire data from the cluster heads, thus boosting network longevity. Implemented and tested in MATLAB, the enhanced WEMER protocol demonstrates significant improvements over its predecessor. The results indicate a reduction in the number of inactive (dead) nodes, an increase in active (alive) nodes, a higher data packet transmission rate, and improved overall energy efficiency.
Novel Approach to Detect APT (Advanced Persistent Threat)
Authors: Pashupatimath Anand
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In cyber security, APT stands for Advanced Persistent Threat. It refers to advanced and long-term cyber-attacks where an attacker gains unauthorized access to a network and remains invisible for a long period of time. APTs are difficult to detect and require a comprehensive security strategy that includes threat intelligence, technical intelligence, and continuous monitoring to effectively mitigate risk. This paper introduces a different approach to APT prevention by integrating advanced threat intelligence, machine learning algorithms, and proactive defense mechanisms. Our approach uses real-time data analysis, anomaly detection and behavioral profiling to identify potential threats early in their lifecycle
Fluoroquinolones: Action, Synthesis and Applications in Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: Bansal Hansika , Singh Anita , Gupta Priya , Joshi Manisha
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In the late nineteenth century, diseases were assumed to be linked to the presence of microbes. The mortality rate dropped after the antiseptic approach was used. Good cleanliness and sanitation helped to drastically cut the death rate from infectious diseases. Antimicrobials were produced, and numerous pathogenic diseases were eradicated. Essential antibacterial drugs that are frequently utilized in clinical therapies include fluoroquinolones. Their synthetic pathway, action and therapeutic uses are described in this review. Their primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential enzymes involved in transcription and DNA replication. Fluorination is one of the important structural change that improves their efficacy and spectrum of activity against a variety of infections. To enhance pharmacokinetics, substituent modification, fluorination, and cyclization of heterocycles are used in synthesis. Advances in synthetic chemistry have produced compounds that exhibit increased activity and decreased resistance. Clinical applications include treating respiratory, urinary tract, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal diseases. These drugs also show activity like antitumor, wound healing, antimycobacterial, etc. This review aims to provide researchers and academicians a brief account about the bacterial action, synthesis and clinical applications in antimicrobial therapy.
Passive Solar Energy Building
Authors: Gupta Ritik
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Passive solar energy harnesses sunlight to naturally heat and light buildings. Key findings highlight its costeffectiveness, sustainability, and reduced reliance on fossil fuels. It optimizes building design to maximize sunlight exposure in winter and minimize it in summer, enhancing energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact. This approach reduces heating and cooling costs, creates comfortable indoor environments, and contributes to a more sustainable future by reducing carbon emissions
Enhancing Outfit Recommendation with a CNN-kNN Hybrid Model and Digital Wardrobe Management
Authors: Thakur Swapnil
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In the age of looking good, we come across that one question everyday; What should I wear to look good today?. The question span a broad variety of topics, such as what am I missing in wardrobe? what is the current trend? will this suit my skin tone? will this work in current climate. the integration of technology and clothing has revolutionized the way individuals perceive and choose their outfits. This study presents a cutting-edge outfit recommendation system that combines the analysis of user skin tones, real-time weather data, and advanced machine learning algorithms. The system utilizes a digital wardrobe to store a vast array of fashion items and employs a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract intricate features from these items, enhancing the accuracy of clothing recognition. To personalize recommendations, the system incorporates user skin tone analysis, ensuring that the suggested outfits complement the wearer's complexion. Additionally, real-time weather data is integrated to align outfit suggestions with the prevailing weather conditions, ensuring both style and comfort. The system utilizes K-Means clustering to categorize users based on similar fashion preferences and Decision Tree algorithms to refine outfit recommendations further. The proposed system not only enhances user experience but also contributes to sustainable fashion practices by promoting the optimal utilization of existing wardrobes, reducing impulsive shopping, and minimizing fashion waste. Through rigorous testing and validation, the system demonstrates its effectiveness in providing tailored outfit recommendations, thereby reshaping the future of personalized fashion choices
Enhancing DDoS Attack Classification: Ensemble of ANN Models with SDN-Based Network Analysis
Authors: R Jeevitha
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In this survey optimization of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack classification has been explored. Dealing with the increasing frequency, and complexity of such attacks presents a substantial challenge to contemporary network infrastructures. An ensemble approach leveraging Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models is proposed to enhance accuracy and robustness. The integration of multiple neural network architectures, combined with the introduction of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), is emphasized as a crucial element for efficient network data analysis. SDN provides dynamic and programmable network management with real-time response capabilities. The fusion of ANN models and SDN-based analytics aims to improve DDoS attack detection precision while minimizing false positives. Thoroughly scrutinizing the strengths and weaknesses of diverse ANN architectures to assess their suitability for DDoS attack classification, the study has highlighted the impact of SDN on adaptability and responsiveness in network security. Positioning the ensemble approach as a comprehensive defense mechanism against the evolving DDoS threat landscape, the research illuminates not only the then-current state of DDoS attack classification, but also a proposed forward-looking methodology laying the groundwork for intelligent and adaptive security solutions aimed at safeguarding network infrastructures against persistent DDoS onslaughts
Smart Farming System
Authors: Tamgave Prof. P. A.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The purpose of Farming management system is to automate the existing farming system by advanced features such as whether detection, temperature detection, prediction of whether, suggestion of crop as per given whether, count intensity of light and measure PH value of soil. The Farming Management System is a comprehensive digital solution designed to streamline and optimize agricultural operations for modern farmers. This innovative software application leverages cutting edge technology to enhance the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of farming practices. The required software and hardware system is easily available for this project and it is secure, reliable system to make smart farming.