bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FILSAFAT ILMU DALAM PERKEMBANGAN BASIS STANDAR AKUNTANSI: RULES BASED MENJADI PRINCIPLE BASED
Authors: Chairunnisa Nurlaila Maysaroh , Khomsiyah Khomsiyah
Published: September 2022

Accounting science is part of the philosophy of science, which according to Thomas Khun a science can not be separated from the paradigm revolution. This article aims to explain the development of the basis of accounting standards in Indonesia, which was originally rules based and shifted to principle based. The method used in this article is a literature study. An analytical tool for Khun's paradigm revolution in science that occurred in the development of the basis of accounting standards. The results of this article explain that rules based is a paradigm and prior knowledge. Then the emergence of anomalies in the form of fraudulent financial statement presentations and the existence of globalization created a crisis. The crisis will be the basis of the accounting standards used. IFRS with principles based is a new paradigm and a solution to the crisis. Until now, principle based has become a new knowledge in accounting science.
MODEL LATIHAN JUMP SHOOT BOLA BASKET PADA ATLET PEMULA
Authors: Lestari Dwi Asih , Basri Hasan , Abidin Dindin
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of implementing the basketball jump shoot exercise model on novice athletes, to find out the increase in jump shoot training results through the basketball jump shoot training model for beginners which was developed and to produce a product in the form of a basketball jump shoot exercise model. The research was conducted in the North Jakarta basketball club environment. The research method used is Research & Development research. This model development research is designed using Research & Development research which will produce a jump shoot exercise model in basketball. The results of the validation of the basketball expert 1 can be concluded that a score of 27 is obtained from a maximum score of 28 and the percentage obtained is 96% where the score belongs to the appropriate or good category, then the results of the validation of the basketball expert 2 can be concluded that the score is 26 from a maximum score of 28 and the percentage which obtained 93% where the score was included in the decent or good category, and the results of motor expert validation can be concluded that the score is 27 out of a maximum score of 28 and the percentage obtained is 96% where the score is included in the decent or good category.
KEGIATAN SALAT DUHA DI MI AL-HUDA KARANGNONGKO SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI KAJIAN LIVING HADIS
Authors: Anwar Ahmad Royhan , Minan Muhammad Aufal
Published: September 2022

Duha prayer is one of the sunnah prayers highly recommended by the Prophet SAW. Scholars and even the Prophet SAW once said that there are many virtues and privileges for those who carry it out, both two rak'ahs, or the rest. This study aims to determine the implementation of Duha prayer activities at MI Al-Huda Karangnongko as the implementation of living hadith studies. The method used in this research is using descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that in the implementation of Duha prayer activities in this school, the role of the educator was no longer as a learning center, but as a facilitator and giver of direction in the process of implementing activities. The driving factor for holding this activity is the habituation of students as well as the hadith that explains that the reward and goodness of the Duha prayer are the same as the implementation of alms, while the inhibiting factors are the lack of student interest, parental support, facilities, student discipline, and the existence of a pandemic. For advice, educators should be more optimal in coordinating or controlling the course of activities and immediately looking for solutions to all existing inhibiting factors in order to achieve the desired results.
MOTIVASI ORANG TUA MENYEKOLAHKAN ANAK KE SEKOLAH ISLAM DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KETENANGAN DI MI AL-CHAERIYAH
Authors: Septiani Rodiana , Ghofur Abdul
Published: September 2022

Education is a vehicle for creating an easy generation that is very important for the future. Parents are responsible for their children’s education. Parents must provide encouragement and motivate children to continue their education to the next level, especially to choose a school with consideration and care, so that children get quality education so that parents do not regret it in the future. In this study is a qualitative research that uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews to parents of students and documentation that aims to obtain information related to the mativation of parents who send their children to Islamic schools. Based on the results of research at MI Al Chaeriyah.  One of the motivations of parents to send their children to Islamic schools is so that their children understand the norms of Islamic teachings that are in accordance with Islamic law and can be applied in everyday life. Then the constrains for parents to send their children to Islamic schools is the economic fator, because Islamic schools have a lot of costs. Such as tuition fees, cash, exams, committees, and others. So parents who want to send their children to Islamic schools must have special savings for school needs. And the implication is that many of the students have the development of attitudes. Starting from better morals, speaking politely honestly, knowing the teachings and laws applied in Islam.
A Covid-19 hatása a gyógyszertári dolgozók lelki egészségére és a gyógyszerészi kommunikációra
Authors: Szépe Orsolya , Németh Adrienn , Tóth Mónika Ditta , Susánszky Éva
Published: September 2022

A jelen kutatás a Covid-19-járvány első három hullámának hatását vizsgálta a magyar gyógyszerészek lelki egészségére; az egymással, a betegekkel és az orvosokkal való kommunikációjára. Kérdőíves online vizsgálatunkat 2021 tavaszán, a járvány 3. hulláma után végeztük (n = 300). Kutatásunk a gyógyszerészi kommunikáció mellett kiterjedt az észlelt stressz és a kiégés mérésére is. A megkérdezettek jelentős többsége úgy vélte, hogy a járványt megelőző időszakhoz képest nőtt a munkaterhelése. A betegek nyitottabbak lettek a tanácsadásra, beszélgetési igényük megnövekedett, problémáik gyakran meghaladták a gyógyszerészek kompetenciáját. A patikákban több lett az agresszív beteg. A gyógyszerészek észlelt stressz-szintje magasnak mondható, a kiégés szempontjából emelkedett rizikót azonosítottunk. A szakmában régebben dolgozók általában kevésbé élték meg stresszesnek a járvány alatti kihívásokat. A betegek körében gyakrabban előforduló agresszív viselkedés és a magas észlelt stressz-szint szoros összefüggést mutatott. A Covid-19-járvány jelentős mentális terhet és kommunikációs kihívásokat gyakorolt a gyógyszerészekre. Kifejezetten szükséges volna a szakmai támogatáson túl, ingyenesen elérhető pszichológiai konzultáció biztosítása.
Kiégés vizsgálata pedagógusok körében
Authors: Kapus Krisztián , Tóth Gábor , Mák Kornél , Fejes Éva , Bank Gyula , Hesszenberger Dávid , Fehér Gergely , Tibold Antal
Published: September 2022

A kiégés (burnout) egyre inkább elterjedt jelenség, amely kiemelten érinti a szociális szférában dolgozó munkavállalókat. Munkánk célja a kiégés jelenségének vizsgálata pedagógusok körében. Demográfiai adatok felvétele mellett a kiégés vizsgálatához a Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) kérdőívet használtuk, a kognitív/viselkedésbeli hibákat, diszfunkcionális elvárásokat pedig a Disz­funk­cionális Attitűd Skála (DAS) segítségével térképeztük fel. A hangulatzavar kimutatásához a Beck-féle depresszió rövidített kérdő­ívet alkalmaztuk, továbbá erőfeszítés-jutalom-egyensúlytalanság kérdőív és Társas Támogatás kérdőív is kitöltésre került. Összesen 399 fő töltötte ki a kérdőívet: 340 nő és 59 férfi. A munkavállalók döntően a fiatal/középkorú korcsoporthoz tartoznak, a 35–55 év közöttiek aránya 70%. Az átlagos kiégési pontszám 59,3 (SD = 13,6), melyből 41 fő (11,9%) alacsony, 298 fő közepes (86,1%) és 7 fő (2,0%) súlyos kiégéssel érintett. Multivariációs analízis során a női nem (OR: 2,917), a sokgyermekes család (OR: 4,157), a megfelelő javadalmazás (OR = 3,306), a munkával eltöltött évek (OR: 2,732), és a szakmai megbecsülés hiánya (OR: 1,464) bizonyultak a kiégés független rizikótényezőinek (p < 0,05 minden esetben). A depresszió súlyossága, a disz­funk­cionális attitűdök és a kiégés között pozitív kapcsolat igazolódott (r2 = 0,415, p < 0,001; r2 = 0,237, p < 0,001). Eredményeink alapján a pedagógusok jelentős része közepes fokú kiégésben, 2%-a pedig súlyos fokú kiégésben szenved. A kiégésnek vannak befolyásolható (munkahelyi javadalmazás, megbecsülés) és nem befolyásolható tényezői (életkor, nem, család), melyeket az esetleges prevenciós, illetve intervenciós beavatkozások során figyelembe kell venni.
Развитие прямых нелинейных динамических методов расчета на сейсмические воздействия
Authors: МКРТЫЧЕВ Олег Вартанович
Published: September 2022

Рассматривается актуальная проблема расчета на сейсмические воздействия, которая заключается в существовании противоречия между используемыми линейно-упругими моделями материалов, а также линейно-спектральным методом расчета и нелинейным характером деформирования несущих систем зданий и сооружений. Данную проблему возможно решить с помощью прямого нелинейного динамического метода и проведения верификации с идентификацией расчетных параметров для моделей материалов, отдельных несущих элементов и для систем, состоящих из отдельных элементов. Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа экспериментальных и численных исследований, показаны картины разрушения образцов, а также изополя интенсивности пластических деформаций. Сделан вывод о хорошем совпадении контролируемых параметров, повреждений и мест трещинообразования.
Экспериментальное исследование фрикционных болтовых соединений из высокопрочных сталей
Authors: ВЕДЯКОВ Иван Иванович , КОНИН Денис Владимирович , НАХВАЛЬНОВ Павел Викторович
Published: September 2022

Ввиду более строгих конструктивных требований для соединений конструкций из сталей с пределом текучести свыше 375 МПа эффективность применения сталей высокой прочности существенно снижается. Рассмотрены опытные модели фрикционных соединений из высокопрочных сталей, испытанных на сжатие и растяжение с болтами. Представлены и проанализированы результаты испытаний. На основании анализа полученных данных выявлено, что при конструировании многоболтовых фрикционных соединений с двумя плоскостями трения уменьшение межболтового расстояния не дает различия в результатах как по несущей способности, так и по деформативности соединений. Установлено влияние эксцентричности передачи усилия через односторонние накладки. Определено влияние размера головки болта, гайки и шайбы, а также способа обработки и параметра шероховатости контактной поверхности на несущую способность фрикционных соединений. По результатам сравнения теоретических расчетов и экспериментальных исследований рекомендовано использовать во фрикционных соединениях метизы с увеличенными размерами головки болта, гайки и шайбы. Проанализирована действительная работа фрикционно-срезных соединений, после срыва контактных поверхностей рекомендовано рассматривать соединение как срезное без учета фрикционной составляющей.
Технология и энергетическая эффективность монтажа сборных элементов строительных систем
Authors: БАДЬИН Геннадий Михайлович , СЫЧЁВ Сергей Анатольевич , АЛЬ-ХАБИБ Ахмед , АБАСС Агадир , КУРАСОВА Диана Талгатовна
Published: September 2022

Предложено резьбовое соединение сборных железобетонных колонн, которое может быть использовано для соединения элементов полносборных зданий и сооружений. Контактно-винтовое соединение состоит из верхней и нижней колонн, которые имеют стальную резьбу цилиндрической формы в концевой секции. К базовым пластинам цилиндрического основания верхней и нижней колонн приварено по восемь стальных стержней. Прочность соединения винтовой колонны определяется обеспечением передачи осевых нагрузок и момента в соединениях при срезании и смятении резьбы, которые могут возникнуть между соединенными колоннами. Структурные характеристики соединенных колонн были определены в соответствии с нормативами. Посредством необходимых расчетов для винтового соединения колонн из сборного железобетона (сталежелезобетона, трубобетона) была подтверждена соответствующая жесткость и прочность. Проведенное исследование сухого механического соединения колонна-колонна на основе сборного железобетона подтвердило возможность его применения при строительстве в Ираке. Новые соединения будут способствовать развитию скоростного строительства, его энергоэффективности и ускорению монтажного процесса.
Организационно-технологическая надежность городских озелененных пространств
Authors: ДЬЯЧКОВА Ольга Николаевна
Published: September 2022

Статья посвящена поиску возможных решений достижения устойчивого развития современных городов за счет экологизации, сохранения и восстановления зеленого фонда городов, утраченного в результате строительства зданий и сооружений, а также техногенного воздействия на окружающую среду. На примере Санкт-Петербурга рассмотрены сложившаяся ситуация обеспечения озелененными территориями и направления развития городских зеленых насаждений. Управление городскими озелененными пространствами заключается в необходимости информационного обмена и координации взаимодействия сил и средств в условиях ограниченных ресурсов. Визуализация, являясь рабочим инструментом, помогает систематизировать большой объем информации и раскрывать коммуникативные связи. В процессе исследования применялись дедуктивная (анализ и декомпозиция знаний) и индуктивная (синтез и конструирование понятий) стратегии. К обсуждению предлагаются определение термина "организационно-технологическая надежность городских озелененных пространств", интенсионал и экстенсионал понятий "городские зеленые насаждения" и "городские озелененные территории", а также концептуальная карта системы обеспечения организационно-технологической надежности городской озелененной территории. С помощью графа обобщены и структурированы некоторые знания предметной области.
Учет совместного влияния дефектов на несущую способность конструкций
Authors: ЕФРЕМОВ Александр Михайлович , БОЙКО Вадим Дмитриевич , СЕРГЕЕВЦЕВ Евгений Юрьевич , ТРЕКИН Николай Николаевич , КОДЫШ Эмиль Наумович , ТЕРЕХОВ Иван Александрович , ШМАКОВ Сергей Дмитриевич
Published: September 2022

В действующих нормативных документах не обозначены границы перехода конструкций в ограниченно-работоспособное и аварийное состояние при конкретных дефектах, что затрудняет оценку категории технического состояния при обследовании, а также определение срока безопасной эксплуатации. Для установления границы перехода строительных конструкций с дефектами из работоспособного состояния в ограниченно-работоспособное и из ограниченно-работоспособного в аварийное были проанализированы возможные причины снижения несущей способности железобетонных конструкций с учетом закладываемых при проектировании запасов. Для оценки технического состояния были уточнены критерии и разработана матрица совместного влияния дефектов на несущую способность. Разнообразные по типу дефекты, каждый из которых по своей значимости может характеризовать ограниченно-работоспособное состояние, оказывают суммарное негативное воздействие на конструкцию и в определенный период времени могут усугубить ее техническое состояние, например вызвать переход из ограниченно-работоспособного состояния в аварийное. Предложенная методика суммирования дефектов позволяет определить фактический коэффициент использования конструкции при наличии нескольких дефектов, расположенных в пределах зоны взаимовлияния. Применение методики проиллюстрировано на примере массово применяемых железобетонных плит.
Эволюция концептуальных подходов к управлению коррозионной защищенностью стальных конструкций и сооружений
Authors: КОРОЛЕВ Владимир Петрович , РЫЖЕНКОВ Александр Андреевич , КОРОЛЕВ Пётр Владимирович
Published: September 2022

Новые условия экономического развития с учетом социально-экологических рисков и практик корпоративного управления позволяют реализовать процессный подход на основе принципов коррозионной защищенности объектов стального строительства. В статье рассматривается задача концептуального видения и научно-методического обоснования методов, моделей, механизмов и практических рекомендаций по обеспечению эффективной защиты от коррозии конструкций и сооружений. Исследованы и обобщены вопросы качества, надежности и безопасности объектов на основе оценки процессов коррозионного разрушения во времени. Раскрыты основные преимущества параметрического проектирования систем противокоррозионной защиты конструкций в соответствии с требованиями метода предельных состояний. Обоснованы определяющие параметры коррозионного состояния для реализации стратегии циклов развития в управлении производством (определение-измерение-анализ-усовершенствование-контроль) с учетом заданного уровня надежности систем противокоррозионной защиты. Показано, что разработанные классификационные признаки циклов развития таких систем обеспечивают требования коррозионной защищенности на всех стадиях жизненного цикла промышленных объектов.
Особенности строительства сооружений на насыщенных нефтепродуктами мелкозернистых песках
Authors: АБЕЛЕВ Марк Юрьевич , АБИЛЬДИН Болат Кошкинбаевич , ЧУНЮК Дмитрий Юрьевич
Published: September 2022

В России, где имеются большие запасы нефти и газа, ведутся строительство и эксплуатация заводов по переработке и транспортированию различных нефтепродуктов. На территории нефтеперерабатывающих заводов и по трассе прохождения трубопроводов происходят утечки нефти и нефтепродуктов. В результате этих утечек грунты в основании сооружений и различного оборудования на территории нефтеперегонных заводов и перекачивающих станций насыщаются нефтепродуктами. Вследствие насыщения грунтов основания нефтью и нефтепродуктами, у многих видов грунтов, залегающих в основаниях таких сооружений, происходит изменение их физико-механических свойств. Так, у некоторых видов грунтов при их насыщении нефтепродуктами наблюдаются повышенная сжимаемость и существенное изменение прочностных свойств. В данной статье приводятся результаты лабораторных и полевых исследований изменения свойств грунтов вследствие их насыщения нефтепродуктами. Даются рекомендации по особенностям проектирования сооружений, возводимых на территории нефтеперегонных заводов, после попадания нефтепродуктов в основания фундаментов таких сооружений и основания трубопроводных систем, транспортирующих нефтепродукты.
The Feast of the Fishes: Satire, Slavery and Romantic-Period Children’s Literature
Authors: Ritter Richard de
Published: September 2022

The pseudonymously authored The Feast of the Fishes (1808) is one of several ‘papillonades’ published for children in the early nineteenth century. Like other papillonades, this short poem depicts anthropomorphic animals in order to offer a satirical perspective on the conventions of polite society. The poem’s playful mock-heroic tone is, however, undermined by its depiction of a shark in pursuit of a slave ship. The image of sharks following slave ships was a potent symbol in abolitionist discourse, but its appearance within this comedic context makes its intended impact difficult to discern. In what spirit is this disturbing image offered? How are readers to make sense of the scarcely veiled horror of what is being depicted both verbally and visually? Addressing these questions, this article reassesses the generic identity of children’s literature and its relationship to the satirical and political discourse of the Romantic period.
«Memory Law» in Ukraine as a modern phenomenon: general approaches, prerequisites of origin
Authors: Ivanova Anastasiia
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The war of historical narratives is being waged on many levels and in diff erent planes – political, ideological, scientifi c, etc. At the state level, it is implemented as a tool of memory policy. Until a few years ago, the possibility, expediency and ethics of this struggle by legal means, in particular by legislative means, were subject to reasonable doubts. Today, commemorative laws are not only the subject of historiosophical debates about their ethics, but legal reality, moreover, the one of the main battlefi elds for competing historical ideologies and narratives.
The aim of the article is to formulate an understanding of memory laws as an modern phenomenon, closely related to public policy in the fi eld of security, information and memory, in the fi eld of both internal and external relations.
Conclusions. The duality of the essence of memory laws has caused the opposition of assessments of this phenomenon. One can hear that commemorative laws are an absolute evil, that they are a mask of populism and contribute to the liberalization of power and the erosion of fundamental democratic rights. At the same time, modern society exists in a determined world, and the strengthening of military activity of one state does not lead to the disarmament of others – on the contrary, we see an increase in military capabilities. If neighboring states regulate historical memory by law, this regulation is not limited to state borders, and therefore, in the absence of their own adequately protected historical narrative, they directly aff ect the historical memory of Ukrainian society as well, and therefore its identity. What should be the measures to protect identity from the aggressive infl uences of information policy – these questions are only before modern researchers and believe that they should be considered in the context of measures to protect against information infl uences in today’s globalized world and the information society as a whole.

Key words: memory laws, memory politic, Ukraine.
Synthesis and Zn Doping's Impact on CeO2 Nanoparticles for Improved Photocatalytic Evaluation, Antibacterial and Anticancer Analyses
Authors: M. Varusai Mohamed , A. Jafar Ahamed
Published: September 2022

This work uses Psidium guajava leaf extracts to easily and quickly synthesise Cerium nanoparticles (Ce NPs) and Zn: CeO2 NPs (Zn-Ce NPs) (PGE). The generated G - CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 NPs were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. The presence of OH, -NH2, and C=O groups, which were essential for the synthesis of G-CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 NPs, was detected by FT-IR spectroscopy. The XRD analysis supports the fluorite cubic structure of the resulting particles for G-CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 NPs. The findings of the elemental analysis by EDX demonstrated that the doping effects of Zn2+ in G-CeO2 NPs effectively enhanced the percentages of cerium and oxygen. G-CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 nanoparticles were evenly dispersed, and a SEM microscopic investigation also revealed that the produced nanoparticles were spherical in shape. Both the G-CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 nanoparticles demonstrated effective antibacterial and antifungal properties. To measure photocatalytic activity, the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation was utilised. The findings demonstrated that Zn doping considerably increased Ce NPs' photocatalytic activity. Using Zn dopant, it has been discovered that the optical band gap of Ce NPs has decreased from 3.69 eV to 3.55 eV. Both the G-CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 nanoparticles demonstrated effective antibacterial and antifungal properties. By increasing the concentration of both G-CeO2 and Zn: CeO2 NPs, the viability of the cancer cells L929 and HCT 116 was partly reduced.
Effects of replacing soybean meal with linseed meal in broiler diet on selected broilers’ blood parameters, meat chemical composition, fatty acid profiles, and sensory characteristics
Authors: Tamasgen Negasa
Published: September 2022

The study was conducted with the objective of determining the effects of the dietary replacement of soybean meal with graded levels of linseed meal on selected blood parameters, meat composition, fatty acid profiles, and meat quality of broiler chickens. Cobb500 broilers were fed diets containing linseed meal at 0% (T1), 6.5% (T2), 13% (T3), 19.5 (T4), and 26% (T5), replacing 0% to 100% soybean meal in compound rations for 45 days. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with five treatments, each replicated three times with 12 birds. Blood hematological indices were not affected (P>0.05) by treatment diets while among the blood biochemistry triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in T1 were higher (P<0.05) than in T3, T4, and T5. Glucose was higher in T3, T4, and T5 than in T1 and T2 (P<0.01). The breast and thigh proximate composition for crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, carbohydrate, and gross energy were similar (P>0.05) among treatments. The sensory scores for breast and thigh meat samples were not different (P>0.05) among treatments. The palmitic acid content of breast and thigh meat was higher (P<0.05) in T1 and T2 than in the other treatments. Eliadic and stearic acid concentrations in thigh meat were greater (P<0.05) in T1, T2, and T3 than in T4 and T5. The oleic and linoleic acid contents of thigh meat were higher (P<0.05) in T2 and T3 than in the rest of the treatments. Breast linolenic acid was high (P<0.05) in T5 but similar in thigh meat. Total saturated fatty acid (SFA) showed a decreasing trend with an increasing level of linseed meal (LSM) in the ration. The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) to SFA for breast and thigh was higher in T4 and T5 than in T1 and T2. Breast meat ratio of omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) showed a decreasing trend as the level of LSM replacement for soybean meal (SBM) in the ration increased. Generally, linseed meal replacement levels up to 26% in the broilers’ diet improves the essential fatty acid content of chicken meat without affecting the proximate composition and the chickens’ normal blood indices and does not alter meat sensory attributes.
Finite element human body models with active reflexive muscles suitable for sex based whiplash injury prediction
Authors: Putra I Putu Alit , Iraeus Johan , Sato Fusako , Svensson Mats Y. , Thomson Robert
Published: September 2022

Previous research has not produced a satisfactory resource to study reflexive muscle activity for investigating potentially injurious whiplash motions. Various experimental and computational studies are available, but none provided a comprehensive biomechanical representation of human response during rear impacts. Three objectives were addressed in the current study to develop female and male finite element human body models with active reflexive neck muscles: 1) eliminate the buckling in the lower cervical spine of the model observed in earlier active muscle controller implementations, 2) evaluate and quantify the influence of the individual features of muscle activity, and 3) evaluate and select the best model configuration that can be used for whiplash injury predictions. The current study used an open-source finite element model of the human body for injury assessment representing an average 50th percentile female anthropometry, together with the derivative 50th percentile male morphed model. Based on the head-neck kinematics and CORelation and Analyis (CORA) tool for evaluation, models with active muscle controller and parallel damping elements showed improved head-neck kinematics agreement with the volunteers over the passive models. It was concluded that this model configuration would be the most suitable for gender-based whiplash injury prediction when different impact severities are to be studied.
A computational tool for automatic selection of total knee replacement implant size using X-ray images
Authors: Burge Thomas A. , Jones Gareth G. , Jordan Christopher M. , Jeffers Jonathan R.T. , Myant Connor W.
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to outline a fully automatic tool capable of reliably predicting the most suitable total knee replacement implant sizes for patients, using bi-planar X-ray images. By eliminating the need for manual templating or guiding software tools via the adoption of convolutional neural networks, time and resource requirements for pre-operative assessment and surgery could be reduced, the risk of human error minimized, and patients could see improved outcomes.

Methods: The tool utilizes a machine learning-based 2D—3D pipeline to generate accurate predictions of subjects’ distal femur and proximal tibia bones from X-ray images. It then virtually fits different implant models and sizes to the 3D predictions, calculates the implant to bone root-mean-squared error and maximum over/under hang for each, and advises the best option for the patient. The tool was tested on 78, predominantly White subjects (45 female/33 male), using generic femur component and tibia plate designs scaled to sizes obtained for five commercially available products. The predictions were then compared to the ground truth best options, determined using subjects’ MRI data.

Results: The tool achieved average femur component size prediction accuracies across the five implant models of 77.95% in terms of global fit (root-mean-squared error), and 71.79% for minimizing over/underhang. These increased to 99.74% and 99.49% with ±1 size permitted. For tibia plates, the average prediction accuracies were 80.51% and 72.82% respectively. These increased to 99.74% and 98.98% for ±1 size. Better prediction accuracies were obtained for implant models with fewer size options, however such models more frequently resulted in a poor fit.

Conclusion: A fully automatic tool was developed and found to enable higher prediction accuracies than generally reported for manual templating techniques, as well as similar computational methods.
IFN-γ enhances the antitumor activity of attenuated salmonella-mediated cancer immunotherapy by increasing M1 macrophage and CD4 and CD8 T cell counts and decreasing neutrophil counts
Authors: Xu Huimin , Piao Linghua , Wu Yundi , Liu Xiande
Published: September 2022

Bacteria-mediated cancer immunotherapy (BCI) inhibits tumor progression and has a synergistic antitumor effect when combined with chemotherapy. The anti- or pro-tumorigenic effects of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are controversial; hence, we were interested in the antitumor effects of IFN-γ/BCI combination therapy. Here, we demonstrated that IFN-γ increased the tumor cell killing efficacy of attenuatedSalmonellaby prolonging the survival of tumor-colonizing bacteriaviablockade of tumor-infiltrating neutrophil recruitment. In addition, IFN-γ attenuatedSalmonella-stimulated immune responses by stimulating tumor infiltration by M1-like macrophages and CD4+and CD8+T cells, thereby facilitating tumor eradication. Taken together, these findings suggest that combination treatment with IFN-γ boosts the therapeutic response of BCI with S. tΔppGpp, suggesting that IFN-γ/BCI is a promising approach to immunotherapy.
A novel exfoliated manganese phosphoselenide as a high-performance anode material for lithium ions storage
Authors: Shen Hailin , Zhang Wei , Zhang Yuheng , Wang Wei , Wang Min , Liu Tianyu
Published: September 2022

Layered manganese phosphoselenide (MnPSe3) is expected to be a potential anode for Li ions storage due to it combines the merits of phosphorus with metal selenide. It promotes charge transfer and ensures a high theoretical capacity of up to 746 mA h g−1. In this work, a comprehensive study clearly demonstrated that bulk MnPSe3 electrode is the inability to maintain the integrity of the structure with severe detectable fracture or pulverization after full lithiation/delithiation, resulting in poor rate capability and cycling stability. Additionally, exfoliated few-layered MnPSe3 nanoflakes by the ultrasonic method show enhanced electrical conductivity and resistance to volume expansion. It has a high initial discharge/charge capacity reaching to 524/796 mA h g−1 and outstanding cycling stability with charge capacities of 709 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 within the potential window of 0.005–3 V vs. Li+/Li. While further improving the cycles, the retention rate was still held at ∼72% after 350 cycles. This work provides new insights into exploiting new novel layered materials, such as MnPSe3 as anodes for lithium-ion batteries.
Patient-specific modeling of hemodynamic characteristics associated with the formation of visceral artery aneurysms at uncommon locations
Authors: Li Siting , Sun Xiaoning , Chen Mengyin , Ma Tianxiang , Liu Xiao , Zheng Yuehong
Published: September 2022

Objective

Hemodynamic characteristics play critical roles in aneurysm initiation and growth. This study aims to explore the effect of common hemodynamic parameters on the formation of visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs), especially those from the pancreaticoduodenal arteries or other uncommon locations, using real patients’ models.

Methods

Three-dimension vessel models of 14 VAAs from 13 patients were selected and constructed from computed tomography angiography (CTA) images. Aneurysms were manually removed to perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the models before aneurysm formation. Flow field characteristics were obtained and compared at the aneurysm forming and para-aneurysm areas. Aneurysm forming models were categorized into high-wall-shear stress (WSS) and low-WSS groups according to WSS value at aneurysm forming versus para-aneurysm areas.

Results

Computational fluid dynamics analysis revealed that the high WSS group had significantly higher WSSmax (P = 0.038), higher time average WSS (TAWSS) (P = 0.011), higher WSS gradient (WSSG) (p = 0.036), as well as lower oscillatory shear index (OSI) (P = 0.022) compared to the low WSS group. Significant higher WSSmax (P = 0.003), TAWSS (P = 0.003), WSSG (P = 0.041) and lower OSI (P = 0.021) was observed at the aneurysm forming site compared to both upstream and downstream areas.

Conclusion

Both local increase and decrease of WSS and WSS gradient were observed for the visceral artery aneurysm forming area. Computational fluid dynamics analysis could shed light on the pathogenesis of visceral artery aneurysms at uncommon vessel locations.
Definitions of low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery and their effect on the incidence of intraoperative LCOS: A literature review and cohort study
Authors: Schoonen Anna , van Klei Wilton A. , van Wolfswinkel Leo , van Loon Kim
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a serious complication after cardiac surgery. Despite scientific interest in LCOS, there is no uniform definition used in current research and clinicians cannot properly compare different study findings. We aimed to collect the LCOS definitions used in literature and subsequently applied the definitions obtained to existing data to estimate their effect on the intraoperative LCOS incidences in adults, children and infants.

Design

This is a literature review, followed by a retrospective cohort study.

Setting

This is a single-institutional study from a university hospital in the Netherlands.

Participants

Patients from all ages undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between June 2011 and August 2018.

Interventions

We obtained different definitions of LCOS used in the literature and applied these to data obtained from an anesthesia information management system to estimate intraoperative incidences of LCOS. We compared intraoperative incidences of LCOS in different populations based on age (infants, children and adults).

Measurements and main results

The literature search identified 262 LCOS definitions, that were applied to intraoperative data from 7,366 patients. Using the 10 most frequently published LCOS definitions, the obtained incidence estimates ranged from 0.4 to 82% in infants, from 0.6 to 56% in children and from 1.5 to 91% in adults.

Conclusion

There is an important variety in definitions used to describe LCOS. When applied to data obtained from clinical care, these different definitions resulted in large distribution of intraoperative LCOS incidence rates. We therefore advocate for standardization of the LCOS definition to improve clinical understanding and enable adequate comparison of outcomes and treatment effects both in daily care and in research.
Revisiting exercise-induced premature ventricular complexes as a prognostic factor for mortality in asymptomatic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Iqbal Mohammad , Putra Iwan Cahyo Santosa , Kamarullah William , Pranata Raymond , Achmad Chaerul , Karwiky Giky , Pramudyo Miftah , Goenawan Hanna , Akbar Mohammad Rizki , Kartasasmita Arief Sjamsulaksan , Kim Young Hoon
Published: September 2022

Background

Recent investigations suggest that premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) during an exercise test are associated with an elevated risk of mortality in asymptomatic individuals. However, given the small number of studies included, the association between these two entities in the asymptomatic population remains obscure. Our aim was to evaluate this matter.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted utilizing several online databases up to April 2022. The study comprised cohort studies examining the relationship between exercise-induced premature ventricular complexes (EI-PVCs) and all-cause mortality (ACM) as well as cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in asymptomatic populations. To provide diagnostic values across the statistically significant parameters, we additionally calculated sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).

Results

A total of 13 studies consisting of 82,161 patients with a mean age of 49.3 years were included. EI-PVCs were linked to an increased risk of ACM (risk ratio (RR) = 1.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–1.42); p < 0.001; I2 = 59.6%, p-heterogeneity < 0.001) and CVM (RR = 1.67 (95% CI = 1.40–1.99); p < 0.001; I2 = 7.5%, p-heterogeneity = 0.373). Subgroup analysis based on the frequency of PVCs revealed that frequent PVCs were similarly related to a higher risk of ACM and CVM, but not infrequent PVCs. Moreover, diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis showed that recovery phase EI-PVCs have a higher overall specificity than exercise phase EI-PVCs regarding our outcomes of interest.

Conclusion

EI-PVCs are correlated with a higher risk of ACM and CVM. When compared to the exercise phase, the specificity of PVCs generated during the recovery period in predicting interest outcomes is higher. As a result, we propose that the exercise ECG be utilized on a regular basis in middle-aged asymptomatic individuals to measure the frequency of PVCs and stratify the risk of mortality.

Systematic review registration

[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=328852], identifier [CRD42022328852].
Volcanic risk management practice evolution between vulnerability and resilience: The case of Arequipa in Peru
Authors: Lièvre Pascal , Mérour Eléonore , Morin Julie , Macedo Franco Luisa , Ramos Palomino Domingo , Rivera Porras Marco , Masías Alvarez Pablo , van Wyk de Vries Benjamin
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a new way of understanding the debate between vulnerability and resilience. We mobilize on the theoretical level the notion of “paradigm” in the sense of Kuhn and, on the methodological level, Foucault’s notion of “apparatus” to understand volcanic risk management practices. Through an interdisciplinary approach, combining management, geography and Earth sciences, we study the evolution of volcanic risk management practice in Arequipa (Peru) from the 1990s to the present. To do this, we look at the history of volcanic risk management in Arequipa, using a qualitative interview methodology based on six in-depth centered interviews from the main actors of this history, supported by a 2-month ethnography which allowed access to large institutional documentation (reports, studies, archives, maps, pictures...). Management practices in Arequipa appear to be centered on the paradigm of vulnerability since the 1990s. Some operations since 2015 named as resilient emerge but they are still inscribed in the vulnerability paradigm. The results show the relevance of the theoretical and methodological framework chosen for Arequipa but also the possibility of using it in a more general way.
Atmospheric recycling of agricultural evapotranspiration in the Tarim Basin
Authors: Shi Kaifang , Li Tiejian , Zhao Jie , Su Yang , Gao Jian , Li Jiaye
Published: September 2022

Precipitation recycling, defined as that precipitation in a region is partially contributed by evapotranspiration from the same region, is the interaction between terrestrial hydrology and atmospheric processes, and plays a crucial role in forming water resources. For agricultural lands, the evapotranspiration of irrigation water alters local climate by reprecipitation in surrounding regions, which can also be analyzed from the viewpoint of precipitation recycling. As the largest endorheic basin in China, the Tarim Basin has strong precipitation recycling contributed by the surrounding mountains, as well as large irrigation areas producing high-quality cotton, which makes it an appropriate study case for the recycling of irrigation water. In this paper, we calculate the water vapor sources of precipitation (WSoP) and the reprecipitation of evapotranspiration (RPoET) in the Tarim Basin by using the Water Accounting Model—Two Layers, analyze their spatial distributions, and find the moisture recycling ratio of the basin as 15.4%. We set up comparative scenarios of evapotranspiration increase by irrigation areas in different locations of the Tarim Basin, and study their difference in reprecipitation and moisture recycling. Results show that the evapotranspiration increase in different locations has a marginal reprecipitation ratio ranging from 8% to 24%, and further boosts the whole basin’s moisture recycling ratio by 0.11%–0.29%. Significant difference among the scenarios proves that the location of irrigation areas affects the reprecipitation of its evapotranspiration, and the optimized moisture recycling can benefit water resource and ecosystem conditions inside the basin. In summary, this work would be useful to provide a practical basis for irrigation planning by considering the land-atmosphere interaction.
Earth model-space exploration in Southern California: Influence of topography, geotechnical layer, and attenuation on wavefield accuracy
Authors: Ajala Rasheed , Persaud Patricia , Juarez Alan
Published: September 2022

Accurately predicting the seismic wavefield is important for physics-based earthquake hazard studies and is dependent on an accurate source model, a good model of the subsurface geology, and the full physics of wave propagation. Here, we conduct numerical experiments to investigate the effect of different representations of the Southern California Earthquake Center and Harvard community velocity models on seismic waveform predictions in the vicinity of the San Andreas fault in Salton Trough. We test general preconceptions about the importance of topography, near-surface geotechnical layering, and anelastic attenuation up to a maximum frequency of 0.5 Hz. For the Southern California Earthquake Center model developed without topography, we implement 1D and linear model extensions that preserve the geologic structure and a pull-up approach that adapts the original model to topographic variations and distorts the subsurface. The Harvard model includes an elevation model, so we test the squashed topography representation, which flattens it. For both community models, we modify the top 350 m by partially applying the Ely geotechnical layer using a minimum shear wave velocity of 600 m/s and incorporate an Olsen attenuation model using a ratio of 0.05. We evaluate the resulting 24 model representations using the classical waveform misfit and five moderate-magnitude earthquakes. Only the inclusion of attenuation consistently improves the wavefield predictions. It becomes more impactful at higher frequencies, where it significantly improves the performance levels of the crude 1D and linear extension models close to that of the original version. The pull-up topography representation also enhances the waveform prediction ability of the original model. Squashing the topography of the elevation-referenced Harvard model produces better seismogram fits, suggesting that seismic imagers construct community tomographic models without topography to avoid issues related to missing model parameters near the free surface or discrepancies with a different elevation model. Although full implementation of the Ely geotechnical layer that would permit shear wave velocities as low as 90 m/s proves computationally expensive, our partial implementation provides slightly better results in some cases. Our results can serve as recommendations for implementing these community models for future validation or optimization studies.
Translation and validation of the high-school satisfaction scale (H-SatP Scale) in Peruvian students
Authors: Gonzales-Valdivia Johana , Morales-García Wilter C. , Saintila Jacksaint , Huancahuire-Vega Salomón , Morales-García Mardel , RuizMamani Percy G.
Published: September 2022

Risk behaviors in schoolchildren can negatively influence and affect their wellbeing. Therefore, it is necessary to have a validated tool to measure student satisfaction in specific areas of the school. The objective of this study was to adapt to Spanish and evaluate the psychometric properties of the H-Sat Scale in Peruvian students. The participants were 691 high school students between 11 and 18 years old (M = 13.96, SD 1.38) who were administered the H-Sat Scale. The scale was translated into Spanish (H-SatP Scale) using the forward and backward method. The scale presented adequate internal consistency for each of the five factors (ordinal α, CR, ω, and H > 70). Confirmatory analysis confirmed the five-dimensional structure (χ2 = 620.864, df = 160; CFI = 0.982, TLI = 0.978, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.032). This measurement tool could be used for the evaluation of interventions in school and health contexts to assess other aspects of wellbeing necessary for their development in school-age students.
Co-creation of a massive open online course: An exploration of the motives and motive fulfillment of a faculty member and student co-instructors
Authors: Bressler Alison , Quintana Rebecca M. , Zint Michaela
Published: September 2022

We present a case study of a “by learners, for learners” approach to the co-design of a massive open online course (MOOC), on climate change. To learn about the motivations of a faculty member and students who participated in this process, we collected data through focus groups, interviews, and questionnaires. Three main motivations emerged: (1) The faculty member and student co-instructors sought to create accessible and practical resources to help individuals take action on climate change and (2) believed creating a MOOC was critical to career advancement. (3) The faculty member also hoped to involve students to improve their knowledge and skills, while creating a learner-centered MOOC on an ambitious timeline. Participants reported that the majority of their motivations were fulfilled and were generally satisfied with the resulting MOOC and overall co-design experience. This study offers new insights into the motivations that drive instructors to create MOOCs as well as into adopting the “student as partners” model for MOOC co-design.