bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS STRATEGI PONDOK PESANTREN DALAM UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PADA PANDEMI COVID 19: STUDI DI PONDOK PESANTREN RAUDHATUL ULUM SAKATIGA, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Abizar Abizar , Wulandari Nina Ramadhani , Irawan Ibnu
Published: February 2022

Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 yang meluas saat ini mengancam dan berdampak pada perekonomian masyarakat kelas bawah. Dimana harga pangan naik dan permintaan pasar meningkat dalam skala nasional. Pesantren dengan kegiatan pendidikan dipandang mampu memberikan nafas dan kehidupan bagi masyarakat sekitar, sehingga perlu mengkajinya agar dapat memperoleh manfaat melalui suatu kajian. Masalah yang diteliti adalah; 1) eksplorasi program pemberdayaan ekonomi Pondok Pesantren Raudhatul Ulum sebagai potensi pemulihan ekonomi 2) relevansi prinsip-prinsip pemberdayaan ekonomi syariah dalam program pemberdayaan pemulihan ekonomi di Pondok Pesantren Raudhatul Ulum. Hasilnya adalah: 1) Program digulirkan; Wisata islami, penyediaan penginapan, laundry, pengadaan makanan, kerjasama penyediaan kantin, pelayanan outbond, penyediaan sarana olahraga berupa lapangan futsal dan gedung olah raga, pelaksanaan agribisnis, permodalan dan kerjasama di bidang pertanian, penyediaan air mineral. 2) Program-program tersebut relevan untuk dilaksanakan di lingkungan lembaga pendidikan sebagai pusat roda pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat di masa pandemi covid 19. Program ekonomi adalah program yang dilandasi nilai-nilai keadilan, mas'uliyah atau tanggung jawab, dan takaful, dengan tujuan program ekonomi adalah pemulihan ekonomi, ekonomi kelembagaan yang sehat, dan masyarakat yang sejahtera. Kata kunci: Pesantren; Pemberdayaan ekonomi; Covid-19 Abstract:The current condition of the widespread Covid-19 pandemic threatens and has an impact on the economy of the lower class. Where food prices rise and market demand increases on a national scale. Islamic boarding schools with educational activities are seen as being able to provide breath and life for the surrounding community, so it is necessary to study them in order to obtain the benefits through a study. The problems studied are; 1) exploration of the economic empowerment program of the Raudhatul Ulum Islamic Boarding School as a potential for economic recovery 2) the relevance of the principles of Islamic economic empowerment in the economic recovery empowerment program at the Raudhatul Ulum Islamic Boarding School. The results are: 1) The program is rolled out; Islamic tourism, provision of lodging, laundry, food procurement, cooperation in providing canteens, outbound services, provision of sports facilities in the form of futsal fields and sports halls, implementation of agribusiness, capital and cooperation in agriculture, provision of mineral water. 2) The programs is relevant to be implemented within educational institutions as the center of the community's economic recovery wheel during the covid 19 pandemic. The economic program is a program based on the values of justice, mas'uliyah or responsibility, and takaful, with the aim of the economic program being a recovering economy, a healthy institutional economy , and a prosperous society. Keywords:
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection among a National Population of Individuals with Schizophrenia in the United States
Authors: Liberman Joshua N , Pesa Jacqueline , Petrillo Mary Pat , Ruetsch Charles
Published: February 2022

Background: Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness and individuals with schizophrenia are a particularly vulnerable and often under-served population. Methods: This research sought to evaluate the factors associated with risk of COVID-19 infection among a representative population of individuals with schizophrenia in the United States. This study was a retrospective cohort analysis of medical and pharmacy claims among a population-based sample of 493,796 individuals residing in the United States with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2020. A confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection by September 30, 2020 was regressed on demographics, social determinants (measured at the county level, with each measure categorized into quintiles), comorbidity, and pre-pandemic (December 2019 – February 2020) healthcare utilization characteristics. Results: A total of 35,249 (7.1%) individuals were diagnosed with COVID-19. Elevated odds of COVID-19 infection were associated with age groups above 40 years (compared to 18-29 years) increasing consistently from 40-49 years (OR: 1.16) to 80+ years (OR:5.92), male sex (OR: 1.08), Medicaid (OR: 2.17) or Medicare (OR: 1.23) insurance, African American race (OR: 1.42 comparing the highest and lowest quintile), Hispanic ethnicity (OR: 1.23, comparing highest to lowest quintile), and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, increasing from scores of 1-2 (OR: 1.84), 3-4 (OR: 2.53), to 5+ (OR: 2.76). Select psychiatric comorbidities (depressive disorder, adjustment disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and sleep-wake disorder) were associated with elevated odds of infection, while alcohol use disorder and PTSD were associated with lower odds. A pre-pandemic psychiatry (OR:0.56) or community mental health center (OR:0.55) visit were associated with lower odds as was antipsychotic treatment: long-acting injectable antipsychotic (OR: 0.72) and oral antipsychotic (OR: 0.62).Conclusions: Individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were at substantial risk of COVID-19 infection, risk that was elevated for older adults and select social determinants, specifically African American race and Hispanic ethnicity. Individuals actively engaged in psychiatric treatment had substantially lower likelihood of infection.
Study on Properties of Plasmonic Waveguide of Graphene-Coated Nanotube with a Dielectric Substrate
Authors: SUN MIAO , He Zhuanling , Huang Libing
Published: February 2022

A hybrid plasmonic waveguide structure composed of graphene-coated nanotube with a dielectric substrate is proposed in this paper. Transmission properties of the fundamental mode are studied by the finite element method (FEM). The results reveal that the mode transmission properties are greatly dependent on the nanotube radius and internal-external diameter ratio, gap distance, nanotube permittivity, as well as chemical potential of graphene. Meanwhile, it is compared with the graphene-coated nanowires with a dielectric substrate [40]. By optimizing the parameters, the structure could achieve long-range propagation with the propagation length about 12.56um. Moreover, it could realize deep-subwavelength confinement with the normalized mode area only ~10−7. This structure may offer certain theoretical basis for integrated nanophotonic devices to achieve long-distance transmission in the deep-subwavelength range.
Endovascular Management of a Congenital Hepatic Arterioportal Malformation in a Low Resource Setting.
Authors: Loyal Poonamjeet , Sagoo Ravjit
Published: February 2022

Background: Arterioportal malformations, a rare type of vascular malformation, have significant associated morbidity and mortality. Management requires a carefully thought out approach by a multidisciplinary team. Low resource settings have an added challenge of limited treatment options and consumables.Case presentation: We report a case of a 14-month-old male with failure to thrive due to a congenital hepatic arterioportal fistula. He was successfully treated via an endovascular approach with metallic coil embolization. Conclusion: Hepatoportal fistula, a rare hepatic vascular malformation, has limited treatment options which can further be restricted by overall patient wellness. Minimally invasive endovascular treatment options can offer a high rate of success and reverse the morbidity associated with the disease as was seen with our case.
Influence of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Prognosis of Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Takemura Tomoyasu , Kataoka Yuki , Ashi Nanami , Shirakawa Chigusa , Okazaki Koya , Sakurai Azusa , Imakita Takuma , Ikegaki Shunkichi , Matsumoto Hirotaka , Saito Emiko , Takata Hirohito , Kaku Sawako , Wada Nobuko , Shinomiya Mariko , Otoshi Takehiro , Shimada Masatoshi , Nikaido Junichi , Iki Reika , Hirano Katsuya , Hirai Tomoyuki , Endo Kazuo , Hirabayashi Masataka , Naganuma Toru
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the overall survival and death at home in patients with lung cancer.
Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted in a Japanese tertiary hospital. The enrollment period was from April 2018 to March 2020. Patients with pathologically diagnosed advanced lung cancer were included in this study. The primary outcome was overall survival, whereas the secondary outcome was death at home. The exposures were social isolation and loneliness.
Results
A total of 211 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups and further into quartiles according to their social isolation and loneliness level, respectively. The hazard ratios of social isolation were 1.65 (95% confidence interval; 1.12 to 2.44) and 1.87 (95% confidence interval; 1.15 to 3.03) in the univariate analysis, while 1.40 (95% confidence interval; 0.92 to 2.13) in the multivariate analysis with complete case and multiple imputation. The odds ratio of death at home with social isolation was 3.47 (95% confidence interval; 1.08 to 11.1) in the multivariate analysis with multiple imputation. Loneliness was not associated with overall survival or death at home.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that social isolation may be related to overall survival and death at home among patients with advanced lung cancer. More attention should be given to such patients at the time of diagnosis.
Personalized bacteriophage therapy to treat pandrug-resistant spinal P. aeruginosa infection
Authors: FERRY Tristan , KOLENDA Camille , LAURENT Frederic , LEBOUCHER Gilles , Merabischvilli Maya , DJEBARA Sarah , GUSTAVE Claude-Alexandre , Perpoint Thomas , Barrey Cédric , Pirnay Jean-Paul , Resch Gregory
Published: February 2022

A pandrug-resistant P. aeruginosa spinal abscess was treated with surgery and personalized phage therapy that was added to cefiderocol and colistin. After a 2-stage approach, despite bacterial persistence with expression of small colony variants, the patient cured with local and intravenous injections of purified bacteriophages as part of the treatment.
MicroRNA-146a promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 via regulating FLAP
Authors: Wang Huihui , Zhang Shubing , Li Tao , Wang Lianzi , Lv Wei , Wang Shanshan , Ma Dongyue , Zang Yan , Zhu Xinyue , Xu Yuanhong , Zheng Lan , Shen Jilong , Wei Wei
Published: February 2022

Abnormal expression of 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) has been detected in many tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3'–untranslated region (3'–UTR) of the target mRNA sequences and have been shown to be involved in various types of cancers. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate the expression of miR-146a and FLAP in human HCC tissues and liver cancer cell lines. We demonstrated that miR-146a expression is overexpressed, while FLAP protein and mRNA are suppressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and HepG2 cells compared to para-carcinoma tissues and HL–7702 cells. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-146a-5p can directly target FLAP mRNA. Knockdown of miR-146a also resulted in increased FLAP expression of cancer cells. Additionally, miR-146a silencing or restoration of FLAP led to a reduction of HepG2 cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion. This study proved that miR-146a has a stimulatory role in HepG2 cells and promotes HepG2 cell migration and invasion by targeting FLAP mRNA. Thus, miR-146a expression may be a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC patients.
Modelling the Formation of `Type B' Ejecta - The Unique Thermometers of the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster
Authors: Carno Lior A.S. , Turner Jack J. , Martin Peter G.
Published: February 2022

For the first time, a model was developed to simulate the cooling of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant reactor Unit 1-derived, 'Type B' radiocaesium bearing microparticles, distributed into the environment during the 2011 nuclear meltdown. By establishing an analogy between 'Type B' CsMP and volcanic pyroclasts, the presented model simulates the rapid cooling of an effervescent silicate melt fragment upon atmospheric release. The model successfully reproduced the bi-modal distribution of internal void diameters observed in 'Type B' CsMP, however, discrepancies in the peak frequencies resulted primarily due to the neglection of internal void coalescence. The model was subsequently utilised to estimate the temperature within reactor Unit 1 in the instant preceding the hydrogen explosion, to be between 1,850 and 1,920 K. Such a model demonstrates the accuracy of the volcanic pyroclast - 'Type B' CsMP analogue, and confirms radial variations in cooling rate as the cause of the vesicular texture of Unit 1 ejecta. The presented findings provide scope to further explore the comparison between volcanic pyroclasts and 'Type B' CsMP via experimentation, which will provide a deeper understanding of the specific conditions within reactor Unit 1 during the catastrophic meltdown at the Japanese coastal plant.
Total Laparoscopic Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy with Left-Posterior Superior Mesenteric Artery First-approach for Distal Pancreatic Cancer (with video)
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Khiem , Nguyen Ham Hoi , Dang Kim Khue , Luong Tuan Hiep
Published: February 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant gastrointestinal cancers. Among them, tumors of the pancreatic body and tail, or left-sided PDAC are uncommon, which accounted for about one-third of all the pancreatic neoplasms[1], and supposedly seem more aggressive than tumors of pancreatic head, not only cause by the late presentation, but also due to the difference of molecular characteristics, embryology and histology and therapeutic response[2].Surgery is considered the only curative treatment method in pancreatic cancer, and Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS), which was firstly published by Strasberg et al., was proved to be superior in safe and effective aspects while comparing with standard retrograde pancreatosplenectomy (SRPS) in recent systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses[3-5]. And according to Guidelines of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) as well as Japanese Pancreas Society (JPS), one of major factors that determined the respectability of PDAC was Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)’s infiltration[6, 7]. So that, SMA first-approach has been proved with benefits of improving R0-resection rate and better perioperative outcomes, as well as better long-term survival particularly[8]. Recently, with the development of laparoscopic instruments and techniques, total laparoscopic SMA first-approach RAMPS was recently proceeded by some surgeons with optimistic perioperative outcomes versus open SMA first-approach RAMPS[9, 10].With experiment of total laparoscopic SMA first-approach PD, herein we present a novel technique called total laparoscopic left-posterior SMA first-approach RAMPS, with demonstrated on describing the procedure step by step with illustrative images and video.
Prediction and Evaluation Model Based on Carbon Emission with RF: A Case Study of Six Coastal City Clusters in China
Authors: Zheng Kaiyuan , Zhang Ying , Guan Yuntao
Published: February 2022

Aiming at predicting the problems of social economics, environmental pollution, climate change and marine disasters caused by carbon emission, a predicting model based on carbon emission with the Random Forest (RF) model was constructed. Meanwhile, a novel urban adaptivity evaluation system is put forward considering the above four domains of indicators, hence the two models are integrated. Six coastal city clusters of China are selected as study area and the result of RF model shows that northern city clusters suffer more pollutant loads due to their heavy industry layout, southern cities generally have higher GDP while they’re more vulnerable toward extreme weather and marine disasters. The result of evaluation system indicates that northern city clusters have higher urban adaptivity due to their balance between economics and pollution as well as less vulnerability on climate change because of relatively high latitude. On the contrary, southern cities are supposed to focus on environmental pollution and tropical storms to pursue superior compatibility.
The imported infections among foreign travelers in China: A descriptive study Running title: Imported infections in China
Authors: Xu Qiang , Li Zhi-Wei , Zhang Xiao-Ai , Liu Meng-Yang , Wang Jin-Long , Zhang Hai-Yang , Wang Li-Ping , Guo Xiu-Hua , Fang Li-Qun , Liu Wei
Published: February 2022

Background

Increasing number of travel-related infections were reported in China, but the spectrum, dynamics and disease burden of imported infections among foreign travelers remain vague.
Methods

We obtained the data on imported infections among foreign travelers from Custom Inbound Screening System (CISS) and the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System (NNIDRS). All the infections were classified into respiratory, gastrointestinal, vector-borne, blood/sex-transmitted and mucocutaneous diseases. The epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of imported infections among foreign travelers were investigated.
Results

In total, 17,189 travelers diagnosed with 58 imported infectious diseases were reported from 2014 to 2018, with an overall incidence rate of 122.59 per million. Respiratory infection (7,351 cases, mainly influenza) and Blood/sex-transmitted diseases (6,114 cases mainly Hepatitis B and HIV infection) were the most frequently diagnosed diseases, followed by vector-borne infections (3,128 cases, mainly dengue fever and malaria). The highest case number was imported from Asia and Europe, while the highest incidence rate was from Africa (296.0 per million). When specific diagnosis was compared, both the highest absolute case number and incidence rate were observed for influenza. An obvious seasonal pattern was observed for vector-borne diseases, with the epidemic spanning from July to November. The origin-destination matrices disclosed the movement of imported infection followed specific routes.
Conclusions

Our study gave a profile of infectious diseases among foreign travelers traveled into China and pinpointed the priority regions, seasons, populations for prevention and control.
The role of aromaticity in the cyclization and polymerization of
alkyne-substituted porphyrins on Au(111)
Authors: Cao Nan , Björk Jonas , Corral Eduardo , Chen Zhi , Ruben Mario , Senge Mathias , Barth Johannes , Riss Alexander
Published: February 2022

Aromaticity is an established and widely used concept for the prediction of the reactivity of organic molecules. However, in on-surface chemistry – where the interaction with the substrate can significantly alter the electronic and geometric structure of the adsorbates – the role of aromaticity is not understood. Here we investigate how aromaticity affects the reactivity of alkyne-substituted porphyrin molecules in cyclization and coupling reactions on a Au(111) surface. We examine and quantify the regioselectivity of the reactions by scanning tunneling microscopy and bond-resolved atomic force microscopy at the single-molecule level. Our experiments show a substantially lower reactivity of carbon atoms that are stabilized by the aromatic diaza[18]annulene pathway of free-base porphyrins. The results are corroborated by density functional theory calculations, revealing a direct correlation between aromaticity and thermodynamic stability of the reaction products. These insights will help to design and understand reactions in on-surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis.
Automatic segmentation of contrast-enhanced bolus in videofluorography images of swallowing using deep learning: a preliminary study
Authors: Ariji Eiichiro , Ariji Yoshiko , Gotoh Masakazu , Fukuda Motoki , Watanabe Satoshi , Nagao Tohru , Katsumata Akitoshi
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study aimed to create a deep learning model for automated bolus segmentation on videofluorography (VFG) images of patients with healthy swallowing and dysphagia using the artificial intelligence deep learning segmentation method, and to assess the performance of the method.Study Design: VFG images of 72 swallowing of 12 patients were continuously converted into 15 static images per second. In total, 3910 images were arbitrarily assigned to the training, validation, test 1, and test 2 datasets. In the training and validation datasets, images of colored bolus areas were prepared, along with original images. Using a U-Net neural network, a trained model was created after 500 epochs of training. The test datasets were applied to the trained model, and the performances of automatic segmentation (Jaccard index, Sørensen–Dice coefficient, and sensitivity) were calculated.Results: All performance values for the segmentation of the test 1 and 2 datasets were high, exceeding 0.9.Conclusion: Using an artificial intelligence deep learning segmentation method, we automatically segmented the bolus areas on VFG images; our method exhibited high performance. This model also allowed assessment of aspiration and laryngeal invasion.
Sow Reproductive Analysis for Local Areas and Zones via Automated Recording Information System (SALAZAR IS)
Authors: SALAZAR JOEL C. , MINGALA CLARO N. , TORRES PAUL MICHAEL S.
Published: February 2022

A user-friendly, prototype web-based information system (WBIS) was developed using propriety software (Windows Operating System, Internet Information Services (IIS) for the webserver, Microsoft Visual Studio C#, ASP.net framework and Microsoft SQL for Database Server) to assist the backyard hog raisers in evaluating and analyzing the reproductive performance and disorders in the farm. A farm survey was conducted to acquire basic information together with the problems and farmers’ needs. Programs for data encoding, user interface, and database backups were developed. The developed WBIS was piloted on some farms in different municipalities of the 3rd district of Pampanga, the Philippines. The result of the pilot application shown that WBIS could run on the internet on different platforms (PC/laptop, android, and IOS smartphones) and can serve as a cheaper alternative of the costly software and operating system for existing breeding monitoring system for the sow.Therefore, the WBIS, also known as Sow Reproductive Analysis for Local Areas and Zones via Automated Recording Information System, (SALAZARIS), with further improvement and updating can deliver an efficient tool and guide for backyard farmer to improve their sow’s productivity in the future.
Tumor-infiltrating NK cell subsets associated with the magnitude of T cell response in human lung cancer
Authors: awad Amiera , Ramírez-Suástegui Ciro , Clarke James , Panwar Bharat , Wood Oliver , Chee Serena , Thomas Gareth , Sanchez-Elsner Tilman , Ottensmeier Christian , Friedmann Peter , Vijayanand Pandurangan , Ganesan Anusha-Preethi
Published: February 2022

NK cells are the predominant innate lymphocyte subset that contribute to anti-tumor immunity. The molecular profile of human tumor-infiltrating NK cells, and particularly, their characteristics in relation to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) density within tumors is poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analysis of NK cells within tumor and adjacent normal lung tissue from patients with treatment-naïve lung cancer. We found divergent NK cell subsets with distinct functional features that were associated with the magnitude of CD8+ CTL response in tumors. CD16pos NK cells present in tumors with high density of CD8+ CTLs were enriched for transcripts linked to cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory chemokines and effector function. CD16neg NK cells predominantly infiltrated tumors relative to lung tissue and harbored sub-populations with unique gene expression programs. Notably, tumors with high density of CD8+ CTLs were enriched for a CD16neg NK cell subset with features of tissue residency and NK cell memory as well as a CD16neg ILC3-like subset that displayed transcriptional features linked to activation, NFκB signaling, dendritic cell recruitment and lymphoid-tissue inducing properties. These data reveal that a potentially synergistic NK cell innate immune program may co-operate with CD8+ CTLs to mediate tumor clearance in tumors with a high tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density.
Metabolic profile analysis based on GC-TOF/MS reveals the negative correlation between catechins and fatty acids in the cottonseed of Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Ma Lei , Yabing Chen , Shuangjiao Xu , Ruidan Dong , Yiwen Wang , Dan Fang , Jun Peng , Tian XinQuan
Published: February 2022

Background: The diversified and high value-added utilization of cotton by-products can promote the sustainable development of modern agriculture. Differences in potential nutrient among varieties can be explained by variations in the composition and abundance of fatty acids, polyphenols, carbohydrates, amino acids and organic acids, etc. Therefore, the analysis of metabolite species and relationships in cottonseed is meaningful for the development of cotton by-products.Results: In this study, the metabolomes of the three cotton cultivars of different species were compared using an untargeted GC-TOF/MS analysis. A total of 263 metabolites were identified from 705 peaks and their levels were compared across the cultivars. PCA and OPLS-DA of these metabolites could clearly distinguish. There were significant differences in the content of amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids flavonoids, and lipids in G. hirsutum TM-1 compared with G. arboretum Shixiya1 and G. barbadense Hai7124. It is noteworthy that the bioactive nutrient compound catechin obtained from the differential metabolites is significantly accumulated in TM-1. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis using catechin and oil-related traits was conducted in core collections of Gossypium. And the results revealed the feasibility of the GC-TOF/MS analysis, as well as that catechin content has a negative association with myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid and total fatty acids.Conclusion: These fndings suggest that catechin content has a negative association with most fatty acids in cottonseed, which may provides a new solution into the underlying plant biochemistry of nutrient variation in cottonseed and pave the way to exploit the value of cotton by-products.
Artificial potential field based anti-saturation positioning obstacle avoidance control for wheeled robots
Authors: zhang pengfei , Yang Tingting , Ma Yichao
Published: February 2022

This paper studies the anti-saturation positioning and obstacle avoidance control of wheeled robots. First, by modifying the existing control law based on the kinematics model, a continuous function is proposed to overcome the velocity saturation problem, then the positioning control law ensuring the continuity and avoiding chattering phenomenon caused by switching control is proposed. Afterwards, a Gaussian function and a switching function are introduced to guarantee the smoothness of the artificial potential field function, and the positioning obstacle avoidance control law based on Barrier Lyapunov Function is constructed to reach the target point more stably. Finally, the effectiveness and practicability of the control algorithm are verified by simulations.
Genome-wide characterization of the Rho family in cotton provides insights into fiber development
Authors: He Man , Shang LIU , Hailiang CHENG , Dongyun ZUO , Qiaolian WANG , Limin LV , Youping ZHANG , Xingfen WANG , Guoli SONG
Published: February 2022

Background: Cotton provides the most natural fibers globally, and fiber development is one of the most important biological processes. Fiber develops from a single cell, and polar growth plays a vital role in fiber development. Therefore, research about cell polarity is essential to reveal fiber development mechanisms. We got inspiration from research on eukaryotes, and a key factor controlling cell polarity, Cdc-42, was focused on because of the essential role in cell polarity. Result: 2066 Rho members across eight cotton species were identified and grouped into 5 and 8 within A and D sub-genomes, respectively. Asymmetric selection of Rho members was observed among 5 tetraploids. Association analysis of previous resequenced data implied 34 Rho members in G. hirustum were related to fiber development. To verify the roles of these Rho members at the transcriptional level, previously published transcriptome data was utilized, and a weighted gene co-expression network was constructed to characterize genome-wide expression patterns. Twenty-two expressed Rho members from 5 modules were identified as functional Rho genes involved in fiber development. Interaction networks of 5 Rho members were constructed based on transcription abundance, and gene ontology enrichment showed these interacted genes participated in cell wall biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, and other biological processes. Conclusion: Our study characterized the Rho family in cotton based on previously resequenced data and transcriptome data, providing insights on the polar growth of cotton fiber and potential application in cotton fiber improvement.
Parenchyma sparing strategy and oncological prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases
Authors: Burlaka Anton , Makhmudov Dmytro , Lisnyi Ivan , Paliichuk Ariadna , Zvirych Vitalii , Lukashenko Andrii
Published: February 2022

Background: preliminary study results demonstrated parenchyma sparing surgery (PSS) as an effective approach which allowed to remove colorectal cancer (CRC) metastatic lesions within the central liver cites and increased the probability of the liver re-resections. Methods: the prospective analysis re-evaluation of the 185 CRC patients surgical treatment has been performed. Results: an overall 5-year survival (OS) of the 185 enrolled patients was 43 ± 7%, the mean and median value for OS was 48,7 ± 1.9% and 55,2 ± 5 (95%CI: 44,4 – 66,1) months. While CRC patients OS whose metastatic lesions were predominantly located within peripheral and central liver segments was 56 ± 8% and 27 ± 9% respectively (p = 0,08). A 5-year disease-free survival rates of patients with peripheral and central liver cites metastatic lesions was 31 ± 7 % and 15 ± 7%, p = 0,12. Conclusions: parenchyma sparing surgery should be a priority pathway for complex treatment of patients with deeply located lesions of the right liver lobe. Trial registration: study registered in https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry, № 5679.
The quality of working life interferes in the bioethics in physicians-patient relationship
Authors: Maluf Mario Afonso , Nunes Rui
Published: February 2022

Background Bioethics and Quality of Working Life for physicians constitute direct relationship. This quantitative and qualitative research has shown a close relationship between the two. Through it we seek to demonstrate that aspects that involve their work can interfere in the person of the medical professional, also directly affecting their quality in the field to the relationship with the patient, essential basis for good medicine.MethodsA structured questionnaire with topics pertinent to the context of the Quality of Working Life was sent from the Information Technology Department of the Federal Council of Medicine to the valid email addresses of 95,022 registered physicians (of the 451,777 who are active in Brazil) with a return of 426 units, 11% higher than the 383 needed to technically validate this research. The data presented were subsequently tabulated on the Excel spreadsheet, analyzed and concluded.ResultsPositive results were observed on average of the questions formulated where approximately 55% of the questions in which bioethics can be deconstructed from the context related to Quality of Working Life. ConclusionsThis study demonstrated with its positive results that, depending on the quality of work life, it also compromises more 50%, the quality of bioethics in the physicians-patient relationship, a fundamental part of the foundation of medicine. Having a new look at the medical profession is fundamental for the patients as well. This case constitutes a public health problem, since almost 90% (89.3%) of the Brazilian physicians are connected to this sector. These alarming results must be further explored and contextualized in studies carried out in other countries as well, focusing on health management, encompassing the vision in public health.
Can Fluoxetine Mitigate Mental Health Decline in Musculoskeletal Trauma Patients: A Pilot Single-Center Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Lossada-Soto Elizabeth , Pazik Marissa , Horodyski MaryBeth , Vasilopoulos Terrie , de Faria Ludmila Barbosa , Mathews Carol , Hagen Jennifer
Published: February 2022

Background

​​Musculoskeletal trauma is one of the leading causes of disability in the United States and its negative quality of life impact extends beyond that of physical recovery. More than 50% of victims of musculoskeletal trauma suffer lasting mental health issues and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptomology following their injury. These symptoms can develop across all spectrums of patients and are independent predictors of poor outcome. Access to mental health care is limited, expensive and time intensive, and a large majority of the trauma population do not get to utilize this valuable resource. This leaves the burden of management on the orthopedic team, as they are often the only point of contact for the patient within the medical system.
Methods

This is a single-center, repeated measures, randomized controlled pilot study including up to 100 orthopaedic trauma patients aged between 18-85 years of age. Subjects are approached during their index hospitalization and are randomized to one of two pharmaceutical interventions, fluoxetine (also known as Prozac) or calcium, for 9 months. Fluoxetine is a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) that is supported for the treatment of PTSD by the American Psychiatric Association. It is low-cost and has minimal side effects and withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. Calcium is a supplement with minimal side effects that is used in our study for its bone-healing potential. Subjects will complete physical and mental health surveys at baseline, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.
Discussion

The goals of this exploratory clinical trial are to test the effect of immediate (post-injury) treatment with fluoxetine on the development of PTSD symptomology and physical recovery for victims of musculoskeletal trauma (Aim 1). The secondary aim (Aim 2) is to develop a safe, effective and time limited protocol for use by orthopaedic providers and other non-mental health care providers treating these patients. This study is novel in that it strives to prevent the development of symptomology from the time of injury and empowers surgeons to manage their patients in a more holistic manner.
Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04850222. Registered on April 20, 2021.
Role of Soil Minerals on Organic Phosphorus Availability and Phosphorus Uptake by Plants
Authors: Amadou issifou , Faucon Michel-Pierre , Houben David
Published: February 2022

AimsOrganic P (OP) accounts for significant fractions of the total phosphorus (P) pool in soils, especially in soils treated with organic inputs. In soils, OP compounds can be sorbed onto soil minerals but the consequences of these interactions on P availability and plant uptake are poorly known. This research aims at elucidating the extent to which adsorbed OP compounds to major soil minerals may be available to plants.MethodsRyegrass (Lolium multiflorum) plants were grown in RHIZOtest devices in the presence of OP (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP), glycerophosphate (GLY) and glucose-6-phosphate(G6P)) and inorganic P (IP) compounds that were previously adsorbed onto Fe and Al oxides (goethite and gibbsite, respectively) and clay minerals (montmorillonite and kaolinite). Phosphorus availability and P uptake were then determined through rhizosphere and plant characterization. ResultsIrrespective of the type of mineral, ryegrass was able to take up about 3-18% of adsorbed OP compounds. The magnitude of availability and uptake depended on the OP compounds and the type of soil minerals. The potential availability of OP adsorbed by different minerals was strongly mediated by mineral-OP interaction types and properties. The P uptake increased in the following order: kaolinite-OP << gibbsite-OP ≤ goethite OP << montmorillonite-OP. Phosphorus uptake from adsorbed OP compounds showed contrasting pattern compared to adsorbed IP and depended on available P in the rhizosphere and not necessarily on the binding strength of OPs to the mineral surface.ConclusionsUnravelling the role of both OP and soil minerals properties on P availability constitutes an important knowledge to understand P dynamic in soil-plant system. Our results evidenced that the forms of OP adsorbed on Fe and Al oxides or clay minerals are available for plants to an extent which is strongly driven by OP forms and mineral types.
Iris lactea var. chinensis Plant Drought Tolerance Depends on Response of Proline Metabolism, Transcription Factors, Transporters and the ROS Scavenging System
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhang Ruihai , Song Zhen , Fu Weidong , Yun Lingling , Gao Jinhui , Hu Guang , Wang Zhonghui , Wu Hanwen , Zhang Guoliang , Wu Jiahe
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIris lactea var. chinensis, a perennial herb, is widely distributed and possesses good drought tolerance traits. However, there is not much information concerning this herb in public databases, so it is difficult to understand its underlying mechanism of drought tolerance. ResultsIn this study, we conducted RNA-seq analysis of I. lactea var. chinensis plants treated under water deficiency condition and rehydration by Illumina sequencing technology to explore potential mechanisms involved in plant drought tolerance. The results showed that de novo assembly of the transcriptome generated 126,979 unigenes, of which 44,247 unigenes were successfully annotated. Among these, 1,187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the comparison of water deficiency treatment with the control (T/CK), including 481 up-regulated and 706 down-regulated genes. Additionally, 275 DEGs were identified in the comparison of rehydration plants and water deficiency treatment (R/T). Based on real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis, the expression levels of eight unigenes arbitrarily selected were consistent with transcriptome data under water deficiency stress and rehydration treatment, as well as the control. According to Gene Ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, the results showed that Proline metabolism-related DEGs, including the ‘Proline catabolic process’, ‘Proline metabolic process’, and ‘arginine and Proline metabolism’, possibly play important roles in plant drought tolerance. Additionally, these DEGs were involved in 43 transcription factors, 46 transporters, and 22 reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system-related proteins. Biochemical analysis and histochemical detection showed that Proline and ROS were accumulated under water deficiency treatment, consistent with transcriptomic analysis. ConclusionsIn sum, our transcriptome data revealed that the plant drought tolerance of I. lactea var. chinensis depends on Proline metabolism, the action of transcription factors and transporters, and a strong ROS scavenging system, which related genes found in this study could be a useful molecular breeding resources to enhance I. lactea var. chinensis drought tolerance.
Holocene paleolimnological changes in Rundvågshetta lakes of the Soya Coast region and their paleoenvironmental significance with glacio-isostatic uplift in East Antarctica
Authors: INOUE Genki , Honda Eisuke , Ito Keisuke , Kang Ijin , Seto Koji , Tani Yukinori , Watanaabe Takahiro , Kashima Kaoru , Ohtani Shuji , Yamanaka Toshiro , Nakamura Toshio , Takano Yoshinori , Imura Satoshi
Published: February 2022

We studied Holocene paleolimnological changes inferred from multi-proxy data set of CNS elements, biomarkers and microscopic observation of microalgae and cyanobacteria in sediment cores from Rundvågshetta lakes (Maruwanminami-ike and Maruwan o-ike) in the Soya Coast region of East Antarctica, along with sedimentary facies and AMS 14C dating. They are discussed with paleoenvironmental changes, transition ages and glacio-isostatic uplift rates in the Soya Coast region and East Antarctica. Ages of the Maruwanminami-ike core (MwS4C-01, length 147 cm) and Maruwan-oike (Mw4C-01, length 226 cm) ranged from 1,230-5,010 cal BP) and 2,240-5,700 cal BP, respectively. Reservoir effects of the Rundvågshetta lakes were very high which may be due to the influence of dead carbon in glacially eroded marine sediments and base rocks. Average sedimentation rates of Lakes Maruwanminami-ike and Maruwan-oike were 0.389 and 0.649 mm/yr, respectively. Crustal uplift rates of Lakes Maruwanminami-ike and Maruwan-oike determined by sedimentary facies, green sulfur bacterial biomarkers and diatoms were estimated to be 8.24 and 8.25 mm/yr, respectively. Coastal marine environment: Maruwanminami-ike (147-72.5 cm, 5,010-2,590 cal BP) and Maruwan-oike (226-47.2 cm, 5,700-3,190 cal BP) were characterized by low biological production with the predominance of diatoms. Transition period of stratified brackish lake environment: Maruwanminami-ike (72.5-65.6 cm, 2,590-2,500 cal BP) and Maruwan-oike (47.2-28.8 cm, 3,190-2,890 cal BP) were characterized by stratified conditions with marine water overlain by freshwater, and a chemocline developed together with an anoxic layer in the bottom of photic zone. Freshwater lake environment of Maruwanminami-ike (65.6-0 cm, 2,500-1,230 cal BP) was characterized by high biological production by cyanobacteria (e.g. Leptolyngbya spp.) and green algae (e.g. Comarium clepsydra) with some contribution of diatoms, while that of Maruwan-oike (28.8-0 cm, 2,890-2,240 cal BP) was very low biological production. The marine to terrestrial transition ages of raised beaches and isolated basins in the Saya Coast region ranged from 970 to 9,290 yr BP with an average of 3,660±1,520 yr BP (standard deviation) suggesting that major warm periods in the region are the middle Holocene. Glacio-isostatic uplift rates of raised basins and isolated basins in the Soya Coast region ranged from 0.19 to 4.40 mm/yr with an average of 2.0 ± 0.92 mm/yr which is similar to East Antarctica. Glacio-isostatic uplift rates of raised beaches are correlated with altitudes with a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.724. Increasing crustal uplift rates with altitudes reflect continuous crustal uplifts in the Soya Coast region.
Hazard and risk assessment for early phase road planning in Norway.
Authors: Solheim Anders , Sverdrup-Thygeson Kjetil , Kalsnes Bjørn
Published: February 2022

Road construction in rugged terrain and variable, partly harsh climate is challenging. Proper assessment of natural hazards at an early planning stage can give large cost savings and safer roads. In assessing natural hazards along 720 km of planned roads in Norway, a GIS based tool was developed to utilize publicly available data and dynamic runout models. The output is a definition of the most critical locations and serves to limit the extent of necessary field work. The Norwegian national susceptibility maps are generally conservative and using only these in the planning would give unrealistically high hazard levels. Various optimizing techniques were therefore implemented in the GIS tool and the outputs further calibrated against existing detailed hazard maps in selected locations and further validated during field work at the defined 'hotspots'. The field work comprised assessing return periods of unwanted events, probable closure time, and relevant mitigation measures, all within sets of pre-defined ranges of values. The following consequence evaluation quantified the indirect economic consequences of closed road and assessed the consequence for emergency preparedness qualitatively. Other consequences were not considered in the study. Climate change was considered and evaluated to increase the probability for flooding and debris flows, whereas the link between climate change and the other assessed hazards were considered too uncertain to impact on the risk estimates. Results of the study were communicated through an interactive map solution, with key results presented as fact sheets activated in the map for each risk section of the roads.
Molecular and cellular immune features of aged patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Tartaro Domenico Lo , Neroni Anita , Paolini Annamaria , Borella Rebecca , Mattioli Marco , Fidanza Lucia , Quong Andrew , Petes Carlene , Awong Geneve , Douglas Samuel , Lin Doxia , Nieto Jordan , Gozzi Licia , Franceschini Erica , Busani Stefano , Nasi Milena , Mattioli Anna Vittoria , Trenti Tommaso , Meschiari Marianna , Guaraldi Giovanni , Girardis Massimo , Mussini Cristina , Gibellini Lara , De Biasi Sara , Cossarizza Andrea
Published: February 2022

Aging is a major risk factor for developing severe COVID-19, but few detailed data are available concerning immunological changes after infection in aged individuals. Here we describe main immune characteristics in 31 patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection who were >70 years old, compared to 33 subjects <60 years of age. Differences in plasma levels of 62 cytokines, landscape of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, T cell repertoire, transcriptome of central memory CD4+ T cells, specific antibodies are reported along with features of lung macrophages. Elderly subjects have higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, more circulating plasmablasts, reduced plasmatic level of anti-S and anti-RBD IgG3 antibodies, lower proportions of central memory CD4+ T cells, more immature monocytes and CD56+ pro-inflammatory monocytes, lower percentages of circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh), antigen-specific cTfh cells with a less activated transcriptomic profile, lung resident activated macrophages that promote collagen deposition and fibrosis. Our study underlines the importance of inflammation in the response to SARS-CoV-2 and suggests that inflammaging, coupled with the inability to mount a proper anti-viral response, could exacerbate disease severity and the worst clinical outcome in old patients.