bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IsolatedSaccharomyces cerevisiaevacuoles contain low-molecular-mass transition-metal polyphosphate complexes
Authors: Nguyen Trang Q , Dziuba Nathaniel , Lindahl Paul A
Published: June 2019

Vacuoles play major roles in the trafficking, storage, and homeostasis of metal ions in fungi and plants. In this study, 29 batches of vacuoles were isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Flow-through solutions (FTS) obtained by passing vacuolar extracts through a 10 kDa cut-off membrane were characterized for metal content using an anaerobic liquid chromatography system interfaced to an online ICP-MS. Nearly all iron, zinc, and manganese ions in these solutions were present as low-molecular-mass (LMM) complexes. Metal-detected peaks with masses between 500–1700 Da dominated; phosphorus-detected peaks generally comigrated. The distribution of metal:polyphosphate complexes was dominated by particular chain-lengths rather than a broad binomial distribution. Similarly treated synthetic FeIII polyphosphate complexes showed similar peaks. Treatment with a phosphatase disrupted the LMM metal-bound species in vacuolar FTSs. These results indicated metal:polyphosphate complexes 6–20 phosphate units in length and coordinated by 1–3 metals on average per chain. The speciation of iron in FTSs from iron-deficient cells was qualitatively similar, but intensities were lower. Under healthy conditions, nearly all copper ions in vacuolar FTSs were present as 1–2 species with masses between 4800–7800 Da. The absence of these high-mass peaks in vacuolar FTS from cup1Δ cells suggests that they were due to metallothionein, Cup1. Disrupting copper homeostasis increased the amount of LMM copper:polyphosphate complexes in vacuoles (masses between 1500–1700 Da). Potentially dangerous LMM copper species in the cytosol of metallothionein-deficient cells may traffic into vacuoles for sequestration and detoxification.
Dealing with Cu reduction in X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments
Authors: Stellato Francesco , Chiaraluce Roberta , Consalvi Valerio , De Santis Emiliano , La Penna Giovanni , Proux Olivier , Rossi Giancarlo , Morante Silvia
Published: June 2019

In this paper we prove in the exemplary case of the amyloid-β peptide in complex with Cu(ii) that at the current low temperatures employed in XAS experiments, the time needed for collecting a good quality XAS spectrum is significantly shorter than the time after which structural damage becomes appreciable. Our method takes advantage of the well-known circumstance that the transition of Cu from the oxidized to the reduced form under ionizing radiation can be quantified by monitoring a characteristic peak in the pre-edge region. We show that there exists a sufficiently large time window in which good XAS spectra can be acquired before the structure around the oxidized Cu(ii) ion reorganizes itself into the reduced Cu(i) “resting” structure. We suggest that similar considerations apply to other cases of biological interest, especially when dealing with macromolecules in complex with transition metal ions.
Synthesis of ternary sulfide nanomaterials using dithiocarbamate complexes as single source precursors
Authors: Roffey Anna , Hollingsworth Nathan , Hogarth Graeme
Published: June 2019

Heating mixtures of dithiocarbamate complexes in oleylamine leads to the formation of nanoparticulate ternary metal sulfides, the physical nature and phase of which can be tailored depending upon the reaction conditions adopted.
A highly proton-/vanadium-selective perfluorosulfonic acid membrane for vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Yang Xiao-Bing , Zhao Lei , Goh Kokswee , Sui Xu-Lei , Meng Ling-Hui , Wang Zhen-Bo
Published: June 2019

The polar clusters of Nafion are blocked by the incorporation of the nanohybrid, which contributes to suppress vanadium ions crossover.
Creation of thio and selenocyanate derivatives of 4-quinolone via regioselective C–H bond functionalization under ambient conditions
Authors: Ghosh Prasanjit , Chhetri Gautam , Nandi Aritra Kumar , Sarkar Sagar , Saha Tilak , Das Sajal
Published: June 2019

An operationally simple C–SCN and C–SeCN bond formation technique to generate different SCN/SeCN substituted 4-quinolone derivatives using NH4SCN/KSeCN in excellent yields was developed.
Redox-triggered switch based on platinum(ii) acetylacetonate complexes bearing an isomeric donor–acceptor conjugation ligand shows a high second-order nonlinear optical response
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wang Hongqiang , Ye Jinting , Qiu Yongqing
Published: June 2019

Pt(ii) acetylcetonate complexes with an isomeric D–A ligand exhibiting exceptionally large hyperpolarizabilities are promising redox-triggered NLO switches.
New palladium(ii) complexes with 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole ligands as recyclable C–C coupling catalysts
Authors: Zakharchenko Borys V. , Khomenko Dmytro M. , Doroshchuk Roman O. , Raspertova Ilona V. , Starova Viktoriia S. , Trachevsky Volodymyr V. , Shova Sergiu , Severynovska Olga V. , Martins Luísa M. D. R. S. , Pombeiro Armando J. L. , Arion Vladimir B. , Lampeka Rostyslav D.
Published: June 2019

Compounds4a–drevealed good catalytic activity and prospects for use as mesomorphic materials.
K2[B4O5(OH)4]·H2O and K2[B4O5(OH)4]: two new hydrated potassium borates with isolated [B4O5(OH)4]2−units and different structural frameworks
Authors: Shi Tingting , Zhang Fangfang , Tudi Abudukadi , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie
Published: June 2019

Two new hydrated potassium tetraborates with isolated [B4O5(OH)4]2−units were obtainedviaa mild hydrothermal method.
The role of a weakly coordinating thioether group in ligation controlled molecular self-assemblies and their inter-conversions in Ni(ii) complexes of l-methionine derived ligand
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Mutreja Vishal , Sharma Gyaneshwar , Kumar Sanjeev , Ali Anzar , Mehta S. K. , Venugopalan P. , Kataria Ramesh , Sahoo Subash Chandra
Published: June 2019

A series of Ni(ii) complexes of an amino acid derived ligand (Salmet) has been synthesized, and characterized by various techniques including X-ray crystallography. Alkali ions K+/Na+ direct the conversion of monomers to multi-nuclear complexes.
Nanomechanical sub-surface mapping of living biological cells by force microscopy
Authors: Stühn Lukas , Fritschen Anna , Choy Joseph , Dehnert Martin , Dietz Christian
Published: June 2019

Atomic force microscopy allows for the acquisition of depth-resolved nanomechanical properties deduced from maps of force–distance curves recorded on cancerous epithelial breast cells.
The palladium(ii)-catalyzed regioselectiveortho-C–H bromination/iodination of arylacetamides within situgenerated imidic acid as the directing group: mechanistic exploration
Authors: Jaiswal Yogesh , Kumar Yogesh , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2019

A new synthetic route to halogenated arenesviathe Pd(ii)-catalyzed selectiveortho-bromination/iodination of arylacetamide has been developed.
Amine-tethered phenylboronic acid-enabling ring-opening strategy for carbon chain elongation from double aldol cyclic hemiacetals
Authors: Kanzaki Yamato , Hirao Yuki , Mitsunuma Harunobu , Kanai Motomu
Published: June 2019

A boron reagent for the ring-opening reaction of double aldol cyclic hemiacetals to generate their aldehyde forms is developed.
Si nanoparticles embedded in 3D carbon framework constructed by sulfur-doped carbon fibers and graphene for anode in lithium-ion battery
Authors: Cheng Xu , Na Ren , Wang Xiaxia , Xia Nan , Shan Zhongqiang , Tian Jianhua
Published: June 2019

3D conductive network constructed with sulfur doped nanofibers and graphene that co-enhance the lithium storage property of the Si anode.
Impact of hydrothermal pre-treatment on the anaerobic digestion of different solid–liquid ratio sludges and kinetic analysis
Authors: Gong Lei , Yang Xiaoqi , Wang Zaizhao , Zhou Jun , You Xiaogang
Published: June 2019

This study is an assessment of hydrothermal pre-treatment (HTP) of different solid–liquid ratio (SLR) sewage sludge for enhancement of biogas production by anaerobic digestion.
The potential role of circRNA_004229 in hair/epidermal regulation after MED1 ablation in keratinocytes
Authors: Guo Pan , Huang Junkai , Zhang Jing , Meng Chao , Zhang Shuchang , Bai Yunfeng , Ning Zhiwei , Hu Lizhi
Published: June 2019

We demonstrated that circRNA_004229 might inhibit apoptosis through binding miR-207 and miR-149-5p after MED1 deletion in keratinocytes.
Mechanism and kinetic study of the reaction of benzoic acid with OH, NO3 and SO4− radicals in the atmosphere
Authors: Zhang Xianghe , Zhang Chenxi , Sun Xiaomin , Yang Jiaoxue , Zhu Chen
Published: June 2019

We present a study of benzoic acid with OH, NO3 and SO4− radicals in the atmospheric environment.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of mutually embedded Rh concave nanocubes with enhanced electrocatalytic activity
Authors: Xu Junxuan , Tang Hongbin , Ning Baogui , Zhao Yanxi , Huang Tao
Published: June 2019

Mutually embedded Rh concave nanocubes were synthesized by reducing Rh(acac)3with tetraethylene glycol (TEG) as both a solvent and a reducing agent under microwave irradiation for 120 s.
Nanostructured spinel cobalt ferrites: Fe and Co chemical state, cation distribution and size effects by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Fantauzzi Marzia , Secci Fausto , Sanna Angotzi Marco , Passiu Cristiana , Cannas Carla , Rossi Antonella
Published: June 2019

XPS is exploited to study the composition, the chemical state and the cation distribution of metals in CoFe2O4.
Novelty of iron-exchanged heteropolyacid encapsulated inside ZIF-8 as an active and superior catalyst in the esterification of furfuryl alcohol and acetic acid
Authors: Malkar Radhika S. , Daly Helen , Hardacre Christopher , Yadav Ganapati D.
Published: June 2019

Metal-exchanged dodecatungstophosphoric acids encapsulated inside ZIF-8 framework were synthesized to produce a variety of active catalysts M-DTP@ZIF-8 for the formation of furfuryl acetate from the esterification of furfuryl alcohol and acetic acid.
Stereochemical significance of O to N atom interchanges within cationic helicenes: experimental and computational evidence of near racemization to remarkable enantiospecificity
Authors: Labrador Geraldine M. , Besnard Céline , Bürgi Thomas , Poblador-Bahamonde Amalia I. , Bosson Johann , Lacour Jérôme
Published: June 2019

Oxygen atoms of cationic dioxa and azaoxa [6]helicenes can be exchanged by amino groups and these reactions lead to either near racemization (es 3%) or to a remarkable enantiospecificity (es up to 97%). Based on detailed investigations, the chirality transfer of the first transformation can be improved to 61%.
Pore-size dominated electrochemical properties of covalent triazine frameworks as anode materials for K-ion batteries
Authors: Li Shu-Ying , Li Wen-Hao , Wu Xing-Long , Tian Yuyang , Yue Jieyu , Zhu Guangshan
Published: June 2019

Pore-size dominated K-ion storage behaviour in covalent triazine frameworks.
Tetragonal phosphorus(v) cations as tunable and robust catalytic Lewis acids
Authors: Gilhula James C. , Radosevich Alexander T.
Published: June 2019

The synthesis and catalytic reactivity of a class of water-tolerant cationic phosphorus-based Lewis acids is reported.
SANS study on the nano-crystalline network structure of elastic physical gels made of syndiotactic polypropylene
Authors: Endo Fuyuaki , Kurokawa Naruki , Tanimoto Keishi , Iwase Hiroki , Maeda Tomoki , Hotta Atsushi
Published: June 2019

SANS studies revealed that sPP nanocrystals of ∼5 nm developed and worked as crosslinks in highly-elastic quenched sPP gels.
PdAg nanoparticles supported on resorcinol-formaldehyde polymers containing amine groups: the promotional effect of phenylamine moieties on CO2 transformation to formic acid
Authors: Masuda Shinya , Mori Kohsuke , Kuwahara Yasutaka , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: June 2019

Experimental and theoretical studies demonstrated that phenylamine moiety functionalized in PdAg-supported resorcinol–formaldehyde polymers showed the most promotional effect in hydrogenation of CO2 to produce formic acid in aqueous media.
A dopamine modified Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12/PEO solid-state electrolyte: enhanced thermal and electrochemical properties
Authors: Huang Zeya , Pang Wanying , Liang Peng , Jin Zhehui , Grundish Nicholas , Li Yutao , Wang Chang-An
Published: June 2019

A garnet-type solid-state electrolyte Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) was modified using dopamine to improve the wettability of LLZTO with PEO, allowing 80 wt% LLZTO to be uniformly dispersed in 20 wt% PEO/LiTFSI polymer electrolyte.
PEGylation as an efficient tool to enhance cytochrome c thermostability: a kinetic and thermodynamic study
Authors: Santos João H. P. M. , Carretero Gustavo , Ventura Sónia P. M. , Converti Attilio , Rangel-Yagui Carlota O.
Published: June 2019

PEGylation of cytochrome-c preserves activity and increases thermal stability, favoring the protein application as a biosensor.
PAR-2 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tang Kai-Liang , Tang Han-Ying , Du Yi , Tian Tian , Xiong Shi-Jiang
Published: June 2019

Objective: This research aimed to explore the function of protease activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development and progression, as well as underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods: Tissue samples were collected from 115 OSCC patients. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the expression of PAR-2 mRNA in OSCC tissues and cells. MTT and Transwell assays were used to detect the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells, respectively. Western blot was performed to determine protein expression.

Results: The expression of PAR-2 mRNA was up-regulated in OSCC tissue and cells (P<0.01), and its mRNA level was obviously correlated to tumor differentiation and TNM stage in OSCC (P<0.05 for both). The activation of PAR-2 with PAR-2AP (PAR-2 agonist) significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells, while its knockout could inhibit malignant behaviors of OSCC cells (P<0.05). Excessive activation of PAR-2 enhanced phosphorylation level of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR revealing the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, LY294002, the inhibitor of PI3K/AKT pathway, could reverse oncogenic action caused by PAR-2 activation.

Conclusion: PAR-2 can promote OSCC growth and progression via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Integrated analysis of a competing endogenous RNA network in renal cell carcinoma using bioinformatics tools
Authors: Jiang Wei-dong , Ye Zhi-hua
Published: June 2019

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Nevertheless, their function and underlying mechanisms in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore their expression, functions, and molecular mechanisms in RCC.

Methods: We downloaded the circRNA expression profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and RNA expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A ceRNA network was constructed based on circRNA–miRNA pairs and miRNA–mRNA pairs. Interactions between proteins were analyzed using the STRING database, and hub genes were identified using the cytoHubba app. We also constructed a circRNA–miRNA–hub gene regulatory module. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using “DAVID 6.8” and R package “clusterProfiler”.

Results: About 6 DEcircRNAs, 17 DEmiRNAs, and 134 DEmRNAs were selected for the construction of ceRNA network of RCC. Protein–protein interaction network and module analysis identified 8 hub genes. A circRNA–miRNA–hub gene sub-network was constructed based on 3 DEcircRNAs, 4 DEmiRNAs, and 8 DEmRNAs. GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated the possible association of DEmRNAs with RCC onset and progression.

Conclusions: These findings together provide a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of RCC and suggest potential therapeutic targets.
Enabling resilient wide‐area POD at BESS in Java, Indonesia 500 kV power grid
Authors: Setiadi Herlambang , Mithulananthan Nadarajah , Shah Rakibuzzaman , Raghunathan T. , Jayabarathi T.
Published: June 2019

The future Indonesian power grid will have significant REGs, especially in Java Island. Wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) will be the dominating technologies in future Indonesian grid. Although REG can provide clean and sustainable energy, they also cause undesirable effects on system stability due to the uncertainty in their output and different dynamic characteristics. Battery energy storage system (BESS) has been considered as the promising candidate to manage the intermittency and low inertia associated with wind and PV in many future power systems. In addition to the normal functionality, the resilient wide‐area power oscillation damping (POD) can be implemented in the BESS to damp the low‐frequency oscillation in the system. This research proposes a method to design a resilient wide‐area POD in BESS. A grey wolf optimiser (GWO) has been used to synthesise the resilient wide‐area POD. The representative dynamic model of Java–Indonesian power system is used to evaluate the performance of the GWO‐based resilient wide area POD. From the results, it is evident that the implementation of the proposed controller at BESS successfully damped the critical mode of the system. It is also observed that the proposed controller is robust against the failure of the input signal.
Considering reactive power coordinated control of hybrid multi‐infeed HVDC system research into emergency DC power support
Authors: Li Congshan , Li Yikai , He Ping , Guo Jian , Fang Yan , Sheng Tingyu
Published: June 2019

According to the characteristics of line‐commutated converter high‐voltage direct current (LCC‐HVDC) and voltage source converter high‐voltage direct current (VSC‐HVDC), respective additional emergency DC power support (EDCPS) controllers are designed, and a coordinated control strategy based on a hybrid multi‐infeed HVDC system for EDCPS is proposed. Considering the differences in system recovery performance between LCC‐HVDC and VSC‐HVDC in providing EDCPS, the emergency power support priority issues and power allocation schemes for LCC‐HVDC and VSC‐HVDC are discussed in detail. To maintain the stability of the receiving‐end AC system during boosting power process and to ensure the active power is raised to the specified value, this study also designs an additional reactive power controller that can make full use of the ability of VSC‐HVDC to support the reactive power of the AC system. Finally, a hybrid three‐infeed HVDC system consists of two parallel LCC‐HVDCs and one VSC‐HVDC is built on PSCAD/EMTDC and simulated. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified based on this hybrid three‐infeed HVDC system.
Estimation of target circumferential size by backscattered wave
Authors: Akbarpour Alireza , Chamaani Somayyeh
Published: June 2019

Most of target identification methods compare information of the backscattered field with an existing lookup table. Therefore, the identification of targets outside the table is impossible. However, by applying proper signal processing algorithms, some information about the target can be deduced. In this study, a new approach to estimate the circumferential size of radar targets, without their identification, is proposed on the base of a transient scattered field. Scattered transient response from the target consists of two parts: early time and late time. The early‐time response corresponds to direct reflection and the late time is related to oscillation phenomena corresponding to surface‐creeping waves and cavity waves. The time difference between the the start of early time and late time responses corresponds to a time interval in which creeping wave travels the geodesics surface path of the target. Therefore, by calculating the time difference between these two successive parts of response, the circumferential size of the target can be estimated. The start time of these two parts is determined by the matrix pencil method. In this study, the circumferential sizes of various simple targets such as cylinder, disc, cube, and a complex object, with an estimation error of <10% are calculated.
Using evolutionary algorithms to model relativistic jets
Authors: Fromm C. M. , Younsi Z. , Baczko A. , Mizuno Y. , Porth O. , Perucho M. , Olivares H. , Nathanail A. , Angelakis E. , Ros E. , Zensus J. A. , Rezzolla L.
Published: June 2019

Context. High-resolution very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of NGC 1052 show a two sided jet with several regions of enhanced emission and a clear emission gap between the two jets. This gap shrinks with increasing frequency and vanishes around ν ∼ 43 GHz. The observed structures are due to both the macroscopic fluid dynamics interacting with the surrounding ambient medium including an obscuring torus and the radiation microphysics. In order to model the observations of NGC 1052 via state-of-the art numerical simulations both the fluid-dynamical and emission processes have to be taken into account.

Aims. In this paper we investigate the possible physical conditions in relativistic jets of NGC 1052 by directly modelling the observed emission and spectra via state-of-the-art special-relativistic hydrodynamic (SRHD) simulations and radiative transfer calculations.

Methods. We performed SRHD simulations of over-pressured and pressure-matched jets using the special-relativistic hydrodynamics code Ratpenat. To investigate the physical conditions in the relativistic jet we coupled our radiative transfer code to evolutionary algorithms and performed simultaneous modelling of the observed jet structure and the broadband radio spectrum. During the calculation of the radiation we consider non-thermal emission from the jet and thermal absorption in the obscuring torus. In order to compare our model to VLBI observations we take into account the sparse sampling of the u-v plane, the array properties and the imaging algorithm.

Results. We present for the first time an end-to-end pipeline for fitting numerical simulations to VLBI observations of relativistic jets taking into account the macro-physics including fluid dynamics and ambient medium configurations together with thermal and non-thermal emission and the properties of the observing array. The detailed analysis of our simulations shows that the structure and properties of the observed relativistic jets in NGC 1052 can be reconstructed by a slightly over-pressured jet (dk ∼ 1.5) embedded in a decreasing pressure ambient medium
New inventory of dust sources in Central Asia derived from the daily MODIS imagery
Authors: Nobakht Mohamad , Shahgedanova Maria , White Kevin
Published: June 2019

This paper presents the first inventory of dust emission sources in Central Asia and western China (35-50°N, 50-100°E) derived from the twice daily MODIS imagery from 2003-2012. The high-resolution (1 km) dust enhancement product was generated and used to produce maps of dust point sources and gridded data sets of dust emission frequencies. The most active dust emissions were observed in the eastern part of the Tarim basin (Lop Nur salt lake) followed by the Aralkum. A high frequency of dust emissions was recorded in the regions which were not reported in literature to date: the upper Amudarya region in northern Afghanistan and the Pre-Aral region (from the Ustyurt Plateau to the Betpak Dala desert). Dust emissions were associated mainly with the fluvial features (dry river beds and lakes), agricultural activities and fire damage to vegetation. In the eastern and northern parts of the study region and in the Aralkum, dust emissions peaked in spring while in the western and southern parts, they peaked in summer. The Aralkum exhibited a consistent growth in the frequency and intensity of dust emissions and similar but weaker trends were observed in the Karakum and Kyzylkum.
Observation of Long-Range Dust Transport from Mesopotamia and Arabian Peninsula Toward Tehran, Iran
Authors: Panahifar Hossein , Khalesifard Hamid Reza
Published: June 2019

Continuous vertically resolved aerosol measurements using lidar were performed in Tehran, Iran. Lidar results has been used in combination with particulate matter monitoring, synoptic meteorology observa- tion as well as satellite-based measurements. The aerosol types are classified by their optical properties. The volume linear depolarization ratio (VLDR) at 532 nm lies mostly between 0:05-0:10. These results show that mostly urban pollution mixed with particles are present in the atmosphere above Tehran. During dust events, the VLDR at 532 nm lies between 0:20-0:35.
Simulation of a severe dust storm with different dust emission schemes
Authors: Hossein Hamzeh Nasim , Karami Sara , Ranjbar Abbas
Published: June 2019

Dust storms are natural hazards and affect many countries of the world especially the Middle East. So in order to prevent dustdamages, to a certain extent, dust prediction and simulation should be deemed vital. For this purpose, regional-scale simulations are compared in this study, by means of WRF-Chem using five emission schemes. Based on the model outputs, satellite imagery, and backtrajectory analysis, it is shown that the dust particles transfer from Iran into Iraq. Furthermore, over Ilam province (south-west of Iran), the comparison of the surface concentration from different model outputs shows the results depend on the considered dust emission scheme. In general, it can be stated that choosing different dust emission schemes has a significant effect on the output of the model. Shao schemes have high sensitivity to the land surface data and the low resolution of this data in the Middle East causes some errors in dust flux simulation in the region. AFWA and GOCART schemes show more accurate results in the dust transport in the whole area compared to Shao schemes in the presented case study.
Transboundary air mass transport from Kyzylkum desert
Authors: Shukurov Karim , Chkhetiani Otto
Published: June 2019

The NOAA HYSPLIT_4 trajectory model and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis have calculated the trajectories of air particles transport from the Kyzylkum desert (Central Asia). The average annual and seasonal (winter, spring, summer and autumn) was calculated for the probability of transport to different remote regions. The probability of transport only to the mixed layer was calculated. The peculiarities of large-scale atmospheric circulation are analyzed that facilitate the transport of air masses from the Kyzylkum desert to some regions of Russia and the south of Iran.
Mineralogical compounds of the composition of the dust aerosol on the period of dust storms in Tajikistan
Authors: Khodzhakhon Mukhammad I. , Nazarov Bahron I. , Abdullaev Sabur F. , Karieva Rafika A.
Published: June 2019

This contribution presents the composition of the dust aerosol sampled during dust storms in the territory of the weather station Ayvaj, southern Tajikistan, in 2007-2015. High concentrations of the compounds quartz SiO2 (44.3%), calcite CaСO3 (17%), potassium mica KAl2([AlSi3O10](OH,F)2 (12.8%) were found. The statistical characteristics of measured compounds is determined and the correlation coefficients between certain compounds are calculated. A significant correlation is observed between quartz with albite (r=0.65), clinochlore with dolomite-2 (r=0.43), and quartz with dolomite (r=0.40).
Contrasting variation in aerosol optical properties during dust episodes in the Middle East and Southwest Asia: Model results and ground measurement
Authors: Alam Khan , Ahmad Maqbool
Published: June 2019

Dust storms deteriorated air quality over the Gulf Region, Iraq, Iran, and Pakistan during the last decade. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in aerosol optical and radiative properties during a dust episode over the various locations in the Middle East and Southwest Asia using data from the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) during March, 2012. Maximum aerosol optical depth (AOD) values were found to be 2.18, 1.30, 4.33 and 1.80 over Lahore, Kanpur, Kaust, and Mezaira, respectively. The Volume Size Distributions, Single Scattering Albedo, Refractive Index, and Asymmetry parameter indicated that coarse mode aerosols were predominant relative to fine mode aerosols during the dust event. The average shortwave aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) values at the earth’s surface were found to be -96±45 W m-2, -86±22 W m-2, -77±51 W m-2, and -75±40 W m-2, over Lahore, Kanpur, Kaust and Mezaira, respectively. Likewise, the averaged ARF values over Lahore, Kanpur, Kaust and Mezaira at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) were found to be -45±25 W m-2, -27±9 W m-2, -41±29 W m-2, and -75±40 W m-2, respectively. The large differences between surface and TOA forcing produced significant heating within the atmosphere.
Schmerzrehabilitation beim CRPS
Authors: Simmel Stefan , Melf-Marzi Alexandra
Published: June 2019

Zur Behandlung des komplexen regionalen Schmerzsyndroms (CRPS) gibt es verschiedene therapeutische und medikamentöse Möglichkeiten der Schmerzrehabilitation. Schwerpunkte sind die phasengerechte Physio- und Ergotherapie, unterstützt von physikalischen Maßnahmen. Eine frühe Diagnosestellung ist entscheidend für die Prognose. Bei komplexeren und schwereren Verläufen sollte die Behandlung spezialisierten Ambulanzen und Kliniken vorbehalten bleiben.
Schmerz- und Stressbestimmung bei der Injektion und
Kastration von Saugferkeln unter Lokalanästhesie mit Procain und
Lidocain
Authors: Rauh Anna , Hofmann Katharina , Harlizius Jürgen , Weiß Christine , Numberger Jasmin , Scholz Tobias , Schulze-Horsel Theodor , Otten Winfried , Ritzmann Mathias , Zöls Susanne
Published: June 2019

Ziel Beurteilung der Wirksamkeit der Lokalanästhesie (LA) durch skrotale
kombiniert mit inguinaler Applikation von Procain 2 %, von Lidocain 5 % und
durch intratestikuläre Applikation von Lidocain 1 % bei der Saugferkelkastration
anhand der Parameter Adrenalin (A), Noradrenalin (NA) sowie Abwehrbewegungen und
koordinierter Bewegungsabläufe der Tiere.

Material und Methoden In 2 Teilversuchen (TV) wurden 232 männliche
Saugferkel (3.–6. Lebenstag) in Versuchsgruppen eingeteilt. In Gruppe L5 wurde
Lidocain 5 % und in Gruppe P2 Procain 2 % inguinal und skrotal verabreicht. In
den Gruppen H (nur Handling) und K (Kastration ohne LA) wurden die Ferkel wie
bei diesen Injektionen fixiert. In Gruppe L1 erfolgte eine intratestikuläre
Injektion von Lidocain 1 %. 30 Minuten später wurden die Tiere kastriert bzw.
wie für die Kastration fixiert (Gruppe H). In TV1 (n = 112) wurde das
Abwehrverhalten während Injektion und Kastration mittels Score beurteilt und
direkt nach der Kastration Blutproben zur Bestimmung der A- und NA-Konzentration
entnommen. In TV2 (n = 120) absolvierten alle Tiere einen Hürdenlauf, um die
individuelle Schmerzbelastung zu dokumentieren.

Ergebnisse Beim Handling bzw. während der Injektion wiesen Ferkel der
Gruppen H bzw. L1 geringere Abwehrbewegungen auf als Ferkel der übrigen Gruppen
(p ≤ 0,05). In Gruppe P2 traten nach Injektion mehr Laufauffälligkeiten auf (p ≤
0,05) und in dieser Gruppe verlängerte sich die für den Hürdenlauf benötigte
Zeit um > 50 %. Während der Samenstrangdurchtrennung wurden bei allen Gruppen
die Abwehrbewegungen am höchsten bewertet, Gruppe K wies den höchstmöglichen
Abwehrscore auf und unterschied sich, ebenso wie während der Hautschnitte, von
den übrigen Gruppen (p ≤ 0,05). Sowohl die A- als auch NA-Konzentration stieg in
allen Gruppen nach Kastration an (p ≤ 0,05), wobei dieser Anstieg in Gruppe P2
(NA, A) und K (A) höher ausfiel als in den übrigen Gruppen (p ≤ 0,05).

Schlussfolgerung Keine der angewendeten Methoden bewirkte eine
vollständigen Schmerzausschaltung während der Kastration. Die Injektion von
Procain 2 % führte gemessen an Verhaltensbeobachtungen insgesamt zu einer
höheren Belastung, in beiden Lidocaingruppen (L1, L5) traten nach Kastration
tendenziell geringere Schmerzreaktionen auf. Diese Ergebnisse schaffen eine
Grundlage für weitere Untersuchungen und können Ansätze bieten, um
Lokalanästhetika mit höherer analgetischer Potenz und längerer Wirksamkeit in
entsprechender Dosierung auf geeignete Weise zu applizieren.
Zürcher Beratungskonzept in Stufen
Authors: Benz Caroline
Published: June 2019

Jedes dritte Kind zeigt im Verlaufe der ersten Lebensjahre Schlafprobleme 12. Bei Säuglingen, Klein- und Schulkindern sind die Schlafstörungen oft bedingt durch eine elterliche Fehleinschätzung der kindlichen Bedürfnisse. Bei Adoleszenten spielt eine fehlende Anpassung zwischen schlafphysiologischen Gegebenheiten und sozialen Anforderungen eine wichtige Rolle. Das Anliegen in der Beratung ist es, den Eltern und Jugendlichen Kenntnisse zur normalen Entwicklung des Schlafs und zur großen interindividuellen Variabilität bezüglich jedes einzelnen Merkmals zu vermitteln, um sie zu befähigen, das Schlafproblem zu erkennen, einzuordnen und angepasste Lösungen zu finden. Die Beratung bei Jugendlichen setzt zudem ein hohes Maß an Kooperation voraus.

Dieser Artikel stellt das Beratungsmodell der Zürcher Schlafsprechstunde in drei verschiedenen Altersbereichen vor.
Digitalisierung der Lehre? – Begleitende Bedarfsanalyse zur
Implementierung von Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen in der tiermedizinischen
Ausbildung
Authors: Müller Lina , Tipold Andrea , Ehlers Jan P. , Schaper Elisabeth
Published: June 2019

Gegenstand und Ziel Diese Studie wurde im Rahmen der Einführung von
Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen an der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
(TiHo) durchgeführt, um die Akzeptanz und speziellen Anforderungen von
Dozierenden und Studierenden an Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen zu erheben.

Material und Methoden Die Datenerhebung erfolgte mithilfe von Fragebögen
und leitfadengestützten Fokusgruppenbefragungen mit Studierenden und Dozierenden
der TiHo.

Ergebnisse Dozierende der TiHo sind trotz Skepsis bereit, ihre Vorlesungen
aufzeichnen zu lassen und präferieren die Option, den Studierenden eine
Kurzversion zur Verfügung zu stellen. Alle befragten Fokusgruppen nannten
ähnliche Anforderungen an Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen, beispielsweise Möglichkeiten
zur Aktualisierung und Bearbeitung. Studierende wünschen sich den Ausbau des
Angebots an Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen in der Tiermedizin, während die Dozierenden
den Wunsch nach Unterstützungsmaßnahmen wie Anleitungen und Schulungen
äußerten.

Schlussfolgerung Die Studie wird zur Optimierung der
Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen für Studierende und Dozierende der Tiermedizin
beitragen und das Angebot an Vorlesungsaufzeichnungen lässt sich an die
genannten Anforderungen anpassen. Erste zuvor skeptische eingestellte Dozierende
konnten bereits gewonnen und überzeugt werden, Aufzeichnungen durchzuführen. Der
Einsatz mobiler Technik ermöglicht den Ausbau des Angebots. Mit der Fortführung
der Digitalisierung der Lehre kann die tiermedizinische Hochschuldidaktik weiter
bereichert werden.
Clinical diabetes mellitus in association with
diestrus-induced acromegaly in 2 bitches
Authors: Cui Yi , Bauer Natali , Hausmann Lisa , Weiß Mirjam , Hazuchova Katarina
Published: June 2019

Two intact bitches aged 9 and 11 years were referred due to chronic polyuria,
polydipsia, vomiting, anorexia and progressive lethargy. On clinical
examination, signs of tissue overgrowth (large paws, widened interdental space,
pharyngeal stridor) were noticed. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed in one
dog (case 1) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the other (case 2). There were
increased IGF-1 values suggestive of hypersomatotropism. Progesterone values and
pathological findings of the ovaries and uterus indicated diestrus. Diagnosis of
diestrus-induced hypersomatotropism was made and ovariohysterectomy was
performed in both dogs. Dog 1 also had multiple mammary neoplasms treated with
bilateral mastectomy. Treatment resulted in diabetic remission in case 1 and
improved glycaemic control in case 2. Overall, diestrus-induced
hypersomatotropism is rare but should be considered in any intact diabetic bitch
with acromegalic features. Ovariohysterectomy is recommended and associated with
a fair to good prognosis.
Atemstörungen im Schlaf
Authors: Möller Alexander
Published: June 2019

Atemstörungen im Schlaf haben bei Kindern eine hohe klinische Relevanz. Sie betreffen nicht nur einen großen zeitlichen Anteil im Leben der Kinder, sondern haben auch negative Auswirkungen auf das Gedeihen, die kardiovaskuläre Funktion und die kognitive Entwicklung. Verschiedene entwicklungsspezifische Faktoren müssen in der Beurteilung von Schlafuntersuchungen bei Kindern berücksichtigt werden. Die Adeno-Tonsillenhyperplasie ist sicherlich der häufigste Grund für eine Atemstörung im Schlaf, aber das Spektrum an Ursachen ist sehr breit. Gerade syndromale kranio-faziale Missbildungen und metabolische Erkrankungen sind mit einem sehr hohen Risiko einer relevanten Atemstörung assoziiert. Eine korrekte und kindergerechte Diagnostik ist essenziell, um eine adäquate Therapie zu ermöglichen.
Zweistufige Paratuberkulosebekämpfung in der Praxis:
Überwachung auf Herdenebene als Basis für betriebliche Maßnahmen zur
Prävalenzsenkung
Authors: Khol Johannes Lorenz , Eisenberg Susanne , Noll Irene , Zschöck Michael , Eisenberg Tobias , Donat Karsten
Published: June 2019

Die wirtschaftlichen Verluste in mit Paratuberkulose infizierten Beständen können
beträchtliche Ausmaße annehmen. Ein allgemein gültiges Konzept zur Überwachung
oder Bekämpfung von Infektionen mit Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis (MAP) beim Rind liegt bisher jedoch nicht vor.

Im Rahmen des Niedersächsischen MAP-Verminderungsprogramms (NPVP) sind alle
Milchviehhalter zur halbjährlichen Untersuchung von Sammelmilchproben ihrer
Herden auf MAP-Antikörper verpflichtet. Ein nicht negatives Ergebnis zieht eine
Einzeltieruntersuchung nach sich. Im Anschluss daran können die Tierhalter
selbst entscheiden, ob sie sich verpflichten, am Verminderungsprogramm
teilzunehmen. Im Rahmen des freiwilligen hessischen
Paratuberkulose-Zertifizierungsprogramms HEMAP wird der MAP-Herdenstatus durch
Sockentupferuntersuchungen ermittelt. Positive Betriebe werden 2-mal jährlich
mittels serologischer Untersuchung aus Milch- oder Blutproben überprüft und
positive Tiere zeitnah aus der Herde entfernt. Das Programm zur Bekämpfung der
Paratuberkulose in den Rinderbeständen in Thüringen sieht eine jährliche
Untersuchung von Kotproben aller Kühe und Zuchtbullen mittels Kotkultur vor, als
MAP-positiv erkannte Tiere sind schnellstmöglich aus dem Bestand zu entfernen.
Die Grundlage des MAP-Überwachungs- und Bekämpfungsprogramms in Tirol ist eine
alle 2 Jahre stattfindende Erhebung des MAP-Herdenstatus mittels Sockentupfer.
Betriebe mit einem positiven Ergebnis haben die Möglichkeit, alle adulten Tiere
mittels Kotproben auf MAP testen zu lassen und dann über eine Teilnahme am
Paratuberkuloseprogramm zu entscheiden.

Die angeführten Beispiele zeigen, dass eine zweistufige Herangehensweise, mit
einer Herdenuntersuchung und einer darauf aufbauenden Einzeltieruntersuchung,
eine mögliche Methode zur Überwachung und Bekämpfung der Paratuberkulose in
Rinderbetrieben darstellt.
Felines Asthma und chronische Bronchitis – Übersicht zu
Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Grotheer Maike , Schulz Bianka
Published: June 2019

Felines Asthma und feline chronische Bronchitis gelten als die häufigsten
chronischen Erkrankungen der unteren Atemwege bei Katzen und werden oft als
chronische Bronchialerkrankungen zusammengefasst. Beim felinen Asthma wird
ursächlich eine Hypersensitivitätsreaktion Typ I vermutet, bei der chronischen
Bronchitis ist die Ätiologie noch weitgehend unbekannt. Betroffene Katzen können
Husten, Dyspnoe und Atemgeräusche zeigen. Beide Krankheitsbilder werden zurzeit
anhand des zytologischen Zellbildes einer durch Bronchoalveolarlavage gewonnenen
Probe definiert und können sich in Ursache, Behandlung und klinischem Verlauf
unterscheiden. Die Diagnosestellung beinhaltet den Ausschluss anderer
Grunderkrankungen in Kombination mit dem Nachweis einer nicht infektiösen,
eosinophilen oder neutrophilen Entzündung der Atemwege. Neben der etablierten
Therapie mit oral oder inhalativ applizierten Glukokortikoiden und
Bronchodilatatoren werden in dem Artikel auch neuere therapeutische und
diagnostische Ansätze vorgestellt.
Facile One-Pot Transformation of Primary Alcohols into 3-Aryl- and 3-Alkyl-isoxazoles and -pyrazoles
Authors: Kobayashi Eiji , Togo Hideo
Published: June 2019

Various primary alcohols were smoothly transformed into 3-aryl- and 3-alkylisoxazoles in good yields in one pot by successive treatment with PhI(OAc)2 in the presence of TEMPO, NH2OH, and then NCS, followed by reaction with alkynes in the presence of Et3N. Similarly, various primary alcohols were smoothly transformed into 3-aryl- and 3-alkylpyrazoles in good yields in one pot by successive treatment with PhI(OAc)2 in the presence of TEMPO, PhNHNH2, and then NCS and decyl methyl sulfide, followed by reaction with alkynes in the presence of Et3N. Thus, both 3-aryl- and 3-alkylisoxazoles, and 3-aryl- and 3-alkylpyrazoles could be prepared from readily available primary alcohols in one pot under transition-metal-free conditions.
Operative Vaginal Delivery Is a Safe Option in Women Undergoing a Trial of Labor after Cesarean
Authors: Krizman Erin , Grzebielski Patricia , Antony Kathleen M. , Sampene Emmanuel , Shanahan Matthew , Iruretagoyena J. Igor , Bohrer Justin
Published: June 2019

Objective To compare outcomes of operative intervention in the second stage of labor during trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC).

Study Design A secondary analysis of the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network cesarean section registry was conducted. Analysis was by first attempted mode of delivery.

Results A total of 1,837 met inclusion criteria. Subjects in the operative vaginal groups (OVDs) were more likely to have a prior vaginal delivery (vacuum 34.2%; forceps 34.3%) than the repeat cesarean delivery (RCD) group (22.6%; p < 0.0001). Most OVD attempts were successful (forceps 90.4%; vacuum 92.6%). Neonatal morbidity was not different (12.1% forceps vs. 14.6% vacuum; 14.8% RCD). Maternal morbidity was highest among forceps deliveries (32.3 vs. 24.3% vacuum; 22.0% RCD, p = 0.0001). RCD was associated with surgical injury (2.7 vs. 0.7% forceps; 0% vacuum; p < 0.0001), endometritis (8.4 vs. 3.2% forceps, 1.2% vacuum; p < 0.0001), and wound complications (1.9 vs. 0.4% forceps; 0.3% vacuum; p = 0.006). OVD was associated with anal sphincter laceration (22.7% forceps, 15.5% vacuum; 0% RCD; p = 0.01).

Conclusion The success rate of OVD is high in TOLAC with similar outcomes to RCD. Maternal composite outcomes were highest with forceps-assisted vaginal deliveries. However, considering overall morbidity, OVD in the second stage of labor in TOLAC is a reasonable, safe option in selected cases.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Patellar Tendon Gouty Tophus: A Case Report
Authors: Bouras Theodoros , Gandhi Maulik , Barnett Andrew
Published: June 2019

The main aim of this case report is to thoroughly describe the steps of diagnosis and treatment in the rare incidence of patellar tendon gouty tophus. The case of a 53-year-old man manual worker who was treated with open excision of the lesion, following failure of extended medical treatment with rheumatological input, is presented. Surgical treatment led to full restoration of the patient's knee function. Open or arthroscopic surgery is a viable option for the unusual case of intratendinous patellar gouty deposition if the patient fails medical management. Medical treatment should still be the mainstay.
Full-field burn depth detection based on near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and ensemble regression
Authors: Wang Pin , Cao Yao , Yin Meifang , Li Yongming , Lv Shanshan , Huang Lixian , Zhang Dayong , Luo Yongquan , Wu Jun
Published: June 2019

The accurate and instant diagnosis of burn severity is always the key point of optimal wound management and clinical treatment. However, the accuracy of burn depth assessment is low via visual inspection and lacks a quantitative measurement. In this work, a full-field burn depth detection system is proposed using the near-infrared hyperspectral imaging with the ensemble regression. The rotational feature subspace ensemble regression is introduced to establish a complex regression model between the hyperspectral imaging data and the burn depth. By the in vivo measurement of a porcine model, the method can get the average relative error about 7% for the burn depth measurement, which demonstrates that the proposed method can perform an accurate full-field assessment of burn depth and provide more practical references for clinicians.
Interaction between plasma and water surface: Formation and dynamic behavior of water surface depression and its effect on aqueous chemistry
Authors: Xiong Lin , Shu Zhan , Huang Qinghua , Chen Qiang , Deng Xiaolong , Jiang Xingliang , Wu Dan , Bao Bing , Xiong Qing
Published: June 2019

In this work, we report that apart from the phenomenon of the Taylor angle, depression of the water surface was formed in a negative pin-to-water discharge. The depression extent of the water surface decreases gradually along with the operation of discharge. Real-time detection of the aqueous NO3− concentration in the treated distilled water implies that this depression behavior depends strongly on the solution conductivity. The solution conductivity was expected to increase steeply in the beginning, which corresponds to an unstable stage of the discharge. In this unstable stage, a deep dimple was formed on the water surface, and it swung and induced significant turbulent gas dynamics above the water surface, confirmed by fast schlieren photography. This unstable depression behavior and its resulted turbulent gas dynamics enhanced the process of air diffusion to the discharge column and, correspondingly, the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, which again resulted in abundant production of aqueous NO3−. This process was slowed down with the rise of solution conductivity, which corresponds to a decrease in the depression extent of the water surface and finally the discharge tended to be stable. Further analysis indicates that the dimple was induced by the accumulated negative charges on the water surface which created a repellent Coulomb force relative to the external electric field. The accumulated charges reduced due to the formation of a conductive path in the solution with the increase in the conductivity and, correspondingly, resulted in the decrease in depression on the water surface.
Double-hole anode glow discharge in axial magnetic field at low pressures
Authors: Gao Shen
Published: June 2019

The influence of magnetic field on glow plasma was studied by the self-designed double-hole anode discharge device, and the relationship between ignition voltage and gas pressure under different magnetic fields is obtained. In addition, the influence of magnetic field on the spatial distribution of plasma density is studied by changing different magnetic field configurations. The results show that under the same pressure, the magnetic field can effectively reduce the glow discharge ignition voltage and increase the plasma density; the enhancement of magnetic field is similar to the increase in air pressure in the double-hole anode glow discharge structure; the hole anode and magnetic field are indispensable conditions for glow generation at low pressure; and different magnetic field configurations control the plasma density distribution.