bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large-scale impacts of hydropower development on the Mompós Depression wetlands, Colombia
Authors: Angarita Héctor , Wickel Albertus J. , Sieber Jack , Chavarro John , Maldonado-Ocampo Javier A. , Herrera-R Guido A. , Delgado Juliana , Purkey David
Published: September 2017

Abstract. A number of large hydropower dams are currently under development or in an advanced stage of planning in the Magdalena River basin, Colombia, spelling uncertainty for the Mompós Depression wetlands, one of the largest wetland systems in South America. Annual large-scale inundation of floodplains and associated wetlands regulates water-, nutrient-, and sediment cycles, which in turn sustain a wealth of ecological processes and ecosystem services, including critical food supplies. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of the potential effects of hydropower expansion to meet projected electricity requirements by 2050, in terms of 1) basin-level implications of cumulative changes in streamflow regime, sediment trapping, and loss of river connectivity, and 2) the impact of upstream regulation on the hydrologic dynamics of the Mompós Depression wetlands at a monthly to decadal scale. To this end, we developed an enhancement of the Water Evaluation and Planning system (WEAP) that allows resolution of the Mompós Depression floodplains water balance at a medium scale (~1000 to 10 000 km2) and evaluation of the potential impacts of upstream water management practices. Our results indicate that potential additional impacts of new hydropower infrastructure with respect to baseline conditions can range up to one order of magnitude between scenarios that are comparable in terms of energy capacity. Fragmentation of connectivity corridors between lowland floodplains and upstream spawning habitats and reduction of sediment loads show the greatest impacts, with potential reductions of up to 97.6 and 80 %, respectively, from pre-dam conditions. In some development scenarios, the amount of water regulated and withheld by upstream infrastructure is of similar magnitude to existing fluxes involved in the episodic inundation of the floodplain during dry periods and, thus, can also induce substantial changes in floodplain seasonal dynamics of average-to-dry years in some areas of the Mompós Depression.
Hysterectomy Pathway as the Global Engine of Practice Change: Implications for Value in Care
Authors: Sanei-Moghaddam Amin , Goughnour Sharon , Edwards Robert , Comerci John , Kelley Joseph , Donnellan Nicole , Linkov Faina , Mansuria Suketu
Published: September 2017

Introduction: In 2012, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) introduced a hysterectomy clinical pathway to reduce the number of total abdominal hysterectomies performed for benign gynecological indications. This study focused on exploring physician and patient factors impacting the utilization of hysterectomy clinical pathways.Methods: An online survey with 24 questions was implemented to explore physicians’ attitudes and perceived barriers toward implementing the pathway. A survey consisting of 27 questions was developed for patients to determine the utility of a pathway-based educational tool for making surgery decisions and to measure satisfaction with the information provided.  Descriptive statistics were used to describe survey results, while thematic analysis was performed on verbal feedback submitted by respondents. Results: Physician respondents found the clinical pathway to be practical, beneficial to patients, and up-to-date with the latest evidence-based literature. Key barriers to the use of the pathway that were identified by physicians included perceived waste of time, inappropriateness for some of the patient groups, improper incentive structure, and excessive bureaucracy surrounding the process.  Overall, patient respondents were satisfied with the tool and found it to be helpful with the decision-making process of choosing a hysterectomy route. Conclusions: Physicians and patients found the developed tools to be practical and beneficial. Findings of this study will help to use pathways as a unifying framework to shape future care of patients needing hysterectomy and add value to their care.
Fall-related injury among people with arthritis, a concern among different age groups!
Authors: Sanchez-Ramirez Diana C. , Jones Allyson , Voaklander Don
Published: September 2017

Background and objectives: The association between arthritis and falls has been study mainly in older adults, and information about fall-related injuries and arthritis in younger population is scarce. In addition, there is a gap of knowledge about the activities and types of injury associated with falls among people with arthritis in different age groups. The aims of the study were: 1) to explore the association between arthritis and fall-related injury among different age groups, and 2) to compare the main activity associated with fall-related injury and the type of injury resulted from falls between age groups in people with arthritis.Methods: This study used aggregated data from the Canadian Community Health Survey for the years 2001, 2003, 2005, 2009/2010 and 2013/2014.Results: People with arthritis were significantly more likely to report fall-related injuries than people without arthritis across all age groups. Younger people (12-19 years) were over six times more likely to fall when practicing sports, whereas all adults were more likely to slip/trip/stumble while walking. As a result of the falls, older adults (65 and over) were more likely to have broken bones and other kind of injuries (i.e., bruises, cuts, etc.), while all younger age groups reported more strains/sprains.Conclusion: Fall-related injury is a concern across all age groups in people with arthritis, and not only among older adults. In addition, the activities performed when the fall occurred and the type of injuries resulted from the falls were different between age groups. These findings contribute to reduce the gap of knowledge about fall-related injuries among people with arthritis in different age groups.
Knowledge, barriers and attitudes toward dietary sodium in patients with decompensated heart failure
Authors: Barilli Sofia L.S. , D’Almeida Karina S.M. , Trojahn Melina M. , Souza Gabriela C. , Aliti Graziella B. , Rabelo-Silva Eneida R.
Published: September 2017

Background and objective: Nonadherence to sodium restriction is one of the main precipitating factors of heart failure (HF) decompensation. The three-subscale Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire (DSRQ) enables evaluation of factors that can interfere with adherence. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, barriers, and attitudes of patients with decompensated HF toward dietary sodium, by comparing those hospitalized for decompensation due to dietary nonadherence (alone or with medication nonadherence) versus those admitted for decompensation due to other causes.Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out at the emergency departments of two public hospitals in Southern Brazil between 2013 and 2014. The sample included patients admitted for decompensated HF. Patients were divided into two groups: decompensation due to nonadherence to diet (alone or with medication nonadherence) and other causes.Results: A total of 225 patients were included (mean age 66 ± 12 years). Patients exhibited a high degree of knowledge about sodium restriction (up to 50\% achieved 40 of 45 points). The opinions of family and health professionals influenced adherence. The main barriers to adherence concerned palatability and dietary preferences. When compared to patients admitted for other causes, those decompensated due to nonadherence had lower ejection fraction (p = .004) and higher Perceived Behavioral Control subscale scores (p = .009).Conclusions: Patients have a high level of knowledge about sodium restriction. The opinion of significant others affects adherence. Nonadherent patients appeared to be more severely ill and endorsed a greater number of barriers that prevent adequate behavior. Some factors-particularly the taste of foods and patients’ dietary preferences – may justify the high prevalence of nonadherence.
Effectiveness of role-play in hazard prediction training for nursing students: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sato Yasuyo , Okamoto Sachiko , Kayaba Kazunori , Nobuhara Hiroaki , Soeda Keiko
Published: September 2017

Objective: Patient safety education in nursing education is a matter of worldwide concern. Various simulation training has been introduced into patient safety education. It is difficult for nursing students to fully understand the situation of scenarios in simulation training. Having attempted to solve the problem, educators have used the illustrations, videos and manikins. Role-play is widely used in simulation training in nursing education. As to patient safety education, few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported the effectiveness of role-play compared with traditional situational presentation methods such as illustrations and videos. Therefore, we performed an RCT to examine the effectiveness of role-play compared with illustrations using hazard prediction training (Kiken-Yochi-Training; KYT) which is one of simulation training widely used in Japan.Methods: The participants were 94 second-year nursing students. All students were randomly allocated to a role-play group (R-group) or an illustrations group (I-group). Participants were asked to complete the risk sensitivity scale for nursing students before and after KYT. After KYT, all participants were asked to undergo a hazard prediction test. Linear mixed models were used to examine differences in the scale scores within and between intervention groups.Results: Participants in the R-group had a significantly higher number of hazard prediction points than those in the I-group (R-group: 2.50 ± 1.07, I-group: 1.77 ± 0.95, p = .001). Scores were significantly increased on the risk sensitivity scale for nursing students in both groups, while no significant differences were seen in score increments between the groups.Conclusions: The results of our randomized study showed that effectiveness of role-play in hazard prediction training in university-based nursing education. Our study also suggested KYT increased risk sensitivity among nursing students, and that this effect was not affected by the situation presentation method, role-play or illustration.
O imigrante oeste-africano como o indesejável? acerca do processo de racialização em Cabo Verde
Authors: Rocha Eufémia Vicente
Published: September 2017

O objectivo deste artigo é refletir sobre uma “nova realidade” que a sociedade caboverdiana tem conhecido a partir dos anos 1990 no que diz respeito às migrações, especialmente à presença de imigrantes provenientes da África Ocidental. Para o efeito, recorre-se a um conjunto de histórias, rumores e outros materiais que emergiram sobre esses indivíduos, possibilitando alguns discursos aliados às dinâmicas de identidade, diferença e representação. Trata-se, assim, de um trabalho no qual se discorre a respeito de processos de racialização neste contexto imigratório onde tanto o cabo-verdiano como o imigrante oeste-africano se reconhecem racializados.
Dealing with the UK inner borders: an ethnography of Brazilians and their temporary dwellings in London.
Authors: Dias Gustavo
Published: September 2017

Este artigo explora como migrantes não documentados lidam com as fronteiras internas do Reino Unido enquanto vivem em Londres. Através de dados empíricos coletados em Londres e Minas Gerais, demonstramos como brasileiros taticamente adaptam suas vidas em moradias temporárias para escapar das políticas migratórias do Reino Unido e das blitzes migratórias do Home Office em domicílios. Este estudo vale-se, particularmente, dos conceitos de fronteiras internas, deportação e cidadania discutidos por estudos de fronteira contemporâneos. Almejando viver em uma cidade multicultural, onde os controles de identidade são uma prática social que permeia o cotidiano, migrantes não documentados têm de negociar constantemente sua existência através das fronteiras internas de Londres para não serem denunciados por seu status migratório irregular.
A atualidade do anti-humanismo teórico: Luhmann e Althusser frente à problemática da diferenciação/integração social
Authors: Trindade Silva Lucas , Paraná Edemilson , Marinho Pimenta Alexandre
Published: September 2017

À guisa de uma reflexão em torno da atualidade do anti-humanismo teórico como problemática para o pensamento social contemporâneo, contrapomos as formulações do Marxismo Althusseriano com a Teoria dos Sistemas de Niklas Luhmann – aquela considerada periférica, esta reconhecida como legítima no campo sociológico – a respeito do modo como ambas, ancoradas nessa posição epistemológica, encaminham suas formulações e propostas teóricas no que se refere à questão sociológica clássica da diferenciação/integração social. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, situamos o anti-humanismo frente à problemática sociológica atual e a configuração política à qual esta está inserida. Num segundo momento, passamos aos autores em questão, com ajuda de comentadores: analisa-se o Marxismo Althusseriano e sua proposta estrutural e, logo após, a teoria dos sistemas. Fugindo de uma necessária síntese entre elas, destacamos suas diferenças para, a partir do realce dessa pluralidade, lançar luz sobre as várias possibilidades, ao contrário do que as críticas provenientes da defesa do (inter) subjetivismo fazem crer, que tal posicionamento abre para a teorização e compreensão das sociedades complexas.
Crime, polícia e tecnologias da informação
Authors: Souza Jaime Luiz Cunha
Published: September 2017

Este artigo focaliza a percepção dos operadores dos sistemas de segurança pública acerca dos delitos praticados com a utilização de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) e seu impacto nas investigações policiais. A metodologia utilizada para a realização da pesquisa foi a qualitativa, com aplicação de questionários semiestruturados aos policiais da Delegacia de Repressão a Crimes Cibernéticos (DRCT), da Polícia Civil do Estado do Pará. Os resultados indicam que os policiais apresentam sérias limitações técnicas e operacionais relacionadas aos meios de comunicação e informação, e que tais dificuldades restringem sua capacidade de atuação.
As bases sociais das novas centrais sindicais brasileiras
Authors: Oliveira Karolina Guedes de
Published: September 2017

A presente resenha da obra As Bases Sociais das Novas Centrais Sindicais Brasileiras, elaborada em coautoria pelas pesquisadoras: Paula Marcelino, Andreia Galvão e Patrícia Vieira Trópia, objetiva apresentar a reorganização do sindicalismo brasileiro após a ascensão do Partido dos Trabalhadores ao governo federal. O contexto é marcado pela cisão da CUT em correntes dissidentes que formaram novas centrais sindicais, são elas, a CSP-Conlutas, a Intersindical, a CTB e a UGT. A pesquisa realizada pelas autoras permite traçar o perfil socioeconômico e político dos delegados. Por meio de surveys em congressos e plenárias, pode-se delinear as concepções políticos partidárias, as bandeiras de luta, o setor econômico predominante das centrais, entre outros aspectos.
Entre a detenção e o acolhimento: as consequências do estado de emergência permanente na Itália
Authors: Garcia Fernanda Di Flora , Zuin João Carlos Soares
Published: September 2017

O artigo analisa o sistema dos centros de confinamento para estrangeiros na Itália e a intersecção entre a lógica da detenção e a lógica humanitária. O objetivo do trabalho é evidenciar como a legislação migratória italiana, baseada há mais de duas décadas no paradigma securitário e nas declarações sistemáticas da emergência, fomentou diversas anomalias no que diz respeito às políticas públicas de acolhimento e detenção, com graves consequências para as pessoas em seu interior.
Analysis Effect of Resources and Dynamic Capabilities to Sustainable Competitive Advantages and It’s Implications to the Firms Performance
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: September 2017

The objective of this research are to find out the effect : (1). resources on sustainable competitive advantages; (2). dynamic capability to continuous competitive advantage; (3). resources on company performance; (4). dynamic capability to company performance; (5). sustainable competitive advantage on company performance; (6). dynamic resources and capabilities on sustainable competitive advantages ; (7). dynamic resources and capabilities as well as the competitive advantage of sustainable. sample unit in this research using survey 69 companies which producing coffee in lampung, with interview to manager and director with total number of responden 345 respondents and all hypothesis accepted and positive effect to this research. the conclusion of this reserach are : (1). resources affect sustainable competitive advantage; (2). dynamic capabilities affect sustainable competitive advantage; (3). resources affect the firm's performance; (4). dynamic capability affects the firm's performance; (5). sustainable competitive advantage affects the company's performance; (6). resources and dynamic capabilities together affect sustainable competitive advantage; (7). resources, dynamic capabilities and sustainable competitive advantages jointly affect the company's performance the effect of resource, dynamic capability and sustainable competitive advantage simultaneously on company performance is positive and significant, with sustainable competitive advantage variables having the most dominant influence on firm performance. this shows that positively improving the effectiveness of resources, dynamic capabilities and sustainable competitive advantage will result in improved corporate performance.
TREVPAR’s Rates Development, Average Income and OCC of Brazilian’s Resorts During 2014/2015 Two-Year-Time
Authors: Bonfato Antonio Carlos , Hansing Barbara , Silva Erica Casarini
Published: September 2017

This article talks about the sales performance and income generation of Brazilian resorts based in enterprises associated with the Associação Brasileira de Resorts-ABR (Brazilian Association of Resorts -BAR) during 2014-2015. The article purpose understands how much the circumstantial factors interfere in rates generation in the hotel industry. The sales performance was measured by the occupancy rates related to the income through the TREVPAR’s average income meters. These resorts were analyzed, first, in a general group of performance and, later, were segmented and analyzed into subgroups according to their geographical location – country side or the beach - and the daily rate - all-inclusive or other kind of rates (half board, etc). After rates obtained, it was concluded that the circumstantial and sector factors has strong influence in the resorts income. In addition to the overall performance of sales indices, could be noted that when put into subgroups, the resorts had different performances along the tow-year-period.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Geography and Geology, Vol. 9, No. 3
Authors: Luo Lesley
Published: September 2017

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Geography and Geology, Vol. 9, No. 3
Decisões sobre perda de mandato parlamentar decorrente de condenação criminal: para onde vai o STF?
Authors: Coelho Ferreira Lícia Mayra
Published: September 2017

Quais critérios guiaram o Supremo Tribunal Federal nas decisões sobre perda de mandato parlamentar por condenação criminal transitada em julgado? É essa a pergunta que este trabalho procura esclarecer, partindo da teoria do direito como integridade, de autoria de Ronald Dworkin, apontando as incoerências nos julgados e as possíveis soluções para que se leve o direito a sério.
Legitimidade e Mecanismos de Proteção do Trabalhador em Situações de Assédio Moral: Uma Perspectiva Labor-Ambiental
Authors: Furlan Paulo Eduardo Meneghetti , Almeida Victor Hugo
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do presente artigo é examinar o assédio moral no contexto laboral, evidenciando os atores sociais legitimados e os mecanismos existentes para a defesa e proteção labor-ambiental diante da constatação de práticas moralmente assediantes. Como método de procedimento, adotou-se o levantamento através da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica em materiais publicados; e, quanto ao método de abordagem, optou-se pelo dedutivo. Em síntese, concluiu-se pela necessidade da adoção de diversos mecanismos para o combate ao assédio moral e pelo efetivo envolvimento de todos os atores sociais conclamados pela Constituição Federal à defesa e proteção do meio ambiente do trabalho, evidenciando-se que a prevenção é a principal medida para se coibir o assédio moral, preservar o equilíbrio labor-ambiental e, consequentemente, a dignidade dos trabalhadores.
O Pragmatismo Legal de Holmes e sua Interpretação da Liberdade de Expressão: o Uso da Burca como um Problema da Liberdade de Expressão Religiosa
Authors: Catão Adrualdo De Lima , Tenório de Amorim Fernando Sérgio
Published: September 2017

A proibição do uso do véu implica necessariamente na restrição da expressão do pensamento, da liberdade religiosa e da privacidade. Na fundamentação legal da decisão proferida no caso S.A.S v. França, a Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos reconheceu a questão da Liberdade como o problema central a ser analisado. Nesse sentido, o pragmatismo jurídico de Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. pode contribuir para o debate sobre a legitimação democrática da decisão adotada pela Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos, especialmente em relação às suas concepções de Liberdade de expressão e de manifestação do pensamento.
Sistemática de proteção de credores nas operações de fusão e incorporação de empresas envolvendo sociedades anônimas
Authors: Coletti Richard Maiky , Czelusniak Vivian Amaro
Published: September 2017

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar a sistemática de proteção de credores nas operações de fusão e incorporação de empresas envolvendo sociedades anônimas. Primeiramente se explicará o que são tais operações, discorrendo sobre suas peculiaridades, discorrer-se-á sobre o conceito de ambas as operações, quais são as sociedades que podem se utilizar de tal artificio e especificamente quais operações de fusão e incorporação são relevantes para o presente trabalho. Em seguida demonstrar-se-á como são operacionalizadas tais reorganizações societárias, passando desde a fase preparatória, quais informações devem conter no protocolo e na justificação, até se chegar à forma de aprovação de tais operações. Na sequência se chegará aos mecanismos que visam proteger os credores que possam vir a ser prejudicados pela realização das operações de fusão e incorporação, explicando o mecanismo de anulação e quais os direitos dos debenturistas. Por fim concluir-se-á se existe uma sistemática de proteção a tais credores.
Epidemiology, risk factors and prognosis of Interferon alpha induced thyroid disorders. A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Obołończyk Łukasz , Siekierska-Hellmann Małgorzata , Wiśniewski Piotr , Lewczuk Anna , Berendt-Obołończyk Monika , Lakomy Anna , Michalska Zofia , Radowska Danuta , Moszkowska Grażyna , Bianek-Bodzak Agnieszka , Sworczak Krzysztof
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide problem and hepatitis, which is its natural unfavourable course, is still a challenge for hepatologist. At present, standards of treatment are changing from combined therapy with interferon alpha (IFN-α) and ribavirin to new antiviral drugs.
The current classification divides interferon induced thyroid diseases (IITD) into two groups: autoimmune (Hashimoto disease, Graves disease, positive antithyroid autoantibodies in euthyroid patients) and non-autoimmune (destructive thyroiditis, non-autoimmune hypothyroidism). A common complication of cytokine therapy is the induction of antithyroid autoantibodies de novo without thyroid dysfunction. During therapeutic regimens combined with ribavirin, destructive thyroiditis with typical biphasic course is more common than in IFN-α monotherapy. Clinically, overt pathologies often have discrete symptoms, which cause diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Aims: The aim of this study was to estimate IITD occurrence, to find risk factors for IITD development. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 66 patients treated for HCV infection. Before and during antiviral therapy, hormonal (TSH, fT4, fT3), immunological (thyroid autoantibodies), ultrasonographic and genetic (HLA-A2) parameters were evaluated. Results: Hormonal disturbances were detected in 24.2% of patients; however, 43.9% of patients had positive thyroid autoantibodies (de novo) without hormonal imbalance. Multivariate analysis revealed the following: female sex, elevated TSH level, occurrence of anti-TPO autoantibodies (TPO-Ab), and increased blood velocity in thyroid arteries are risk factors for IITD development.
In conclusion: Thyroid disorders are common during IFN-α therapy. Previous epidemiological data seem to be underestimated. Important risk factors for IITD development are: female sex, elevated serum TSH concentration (≥2.5 μU/mL), positive TPO-Ab and increased blood velocity in thyroid arteries.
Over-confident and under-competent: exploring the importance of food safety education specific to high school students
Authors: Diplock Kenneth J. , Jones-Bitton Andria , Leatherdale Scott T , Rebellato Steven , Dubin Joel A. , Majowicz Shannon E.
Published: September 2017

The objective of this study was to explore age-specific reasons why food safety education might be important for high school students (in Ontario, Canada), from a variety of expert perspectives. In May 2014, semi-structured key informant interviews (n = 20) were conducted with food safety and youth education experts. A thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts of the interviews was conducted. Participants identified three major reasons why food safety is important for high school students: (i) they have current and personal needs for food safety information, (ii) high school is an ideal time and place to instill life-long good habits, and (iii) they are part of the foodborne illness risk landscape. Food safety education was deemed important for high school students, who were seen as a unique and captive audience in need of safe food handling skills, now and in the future, for a variety of reasons: potential employment advantages, improved food literacy, combating their sense of “invincibility,” and helping instill essential life skills that they may not get elsewhere. These results confirm the importance of food safety education for high school students and highlight the need to determine age-appropriate interventions and methods to engage high school students and improve their safe food handling practices.
Microbiological quality of Portuguese custard tarts in Toronto—a pilot study
Authors: Park Mike , Moos Melissa , Young Ian , MacDonald Chris , Meldrum Richard
Published: September 2017

Custard poses a health risk as it can support microbial growth; however, few studies have investigated custard tarts as a potential hazard. Custard tarts were sampled from 14 Toronto bakeries for microbial quality, pH, and water activity. The custard tarts displayed the ability to support microbial growth, with a pH of between 6.3 and 6.5 and a water activity of between 0.94 and 0.96. No microbiological results exceeded the Ontario limits for post-production contamination levels of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and coliforms. It was concluded the heat used during the baking process likely kills any pathogens present and creates a surface too dry to support microbial growth. Therefore, custard tarts may not inherently pose the same risk as non-contained custard desserts.
Conhecimento local e uso dos recursos vegetais na Comunidade Sertão, Magé, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Mourão Maria de Souza , Massimo Bovini G. , Kruel Viviane S.F.
Published: September 2017

Este estudo etnobotânico foi realizado na Comunidade Sertão a partir do conhecimento local sobre os recursos vegetais dos residentes nas cercanias da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Campo Escoteiro Geraldo Hugo Nunes,  área inserida na base do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, em Magé, Rio de Janeiro. Visou analisar qualitativamente o conhecimento e usos de plantas na RPPN e entorno, investigar a riqueza de espécies úteis e comparar com resultados de outros estudos realizados na Mata Atlântica fluminense. Foram firmados os termos de consentimento prévio aos 24 informantes participantes das entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais, considerados os principais detentores de conhecimento na área de estudo, pois foram indicados através da técnica “bola de neve”. Apenas 13 foram aqui considerados especialistas locais e participaram da técnica “listagem livre”. Foram obtidas 140 citações de uso para 67 espécies, as quais foram distribuídas em seis categorias de uso, sendo medicinal (46) e alimentar (24) as mais representativas. As maiores frequências de citação de uso foram para Sorocea bonplandii e Jacaranda puberula (69,2)%. Os conhecimentos locais registrados sobre o uso dos recursos vegetais poderão subsidiar ações para a conservação e salvaguarda da diversidade vegetal e cultural desta Unidade de Conservação.
Influência da técnica de extração e do tamanho de partícula do material vegetal no teor de compostos fenólicos totais da tintura das folhas de Alpinia zerumbet
Authors: Cardoso Igor Cunha , Pereira Henrique Marcelo G. , Tappin Marcelo Raul R. , Behrens Maria D.
Published: September 2017

A espécie Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) tem amplo emprego na medicina tradicional e popular como diurética e anti-hipertensiva. O Formulário de Fitoterápicos da Farmacopeia Brasileira padroniza o uso de A. zerumbet na forma de tintura, indicada para o tratamento de hipertensão arterial leve. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da técnica de extração e do tamanho de partícula do material vegetal no processo extrativo de compostos fenólicos totais das folhas de Alpinia zerumbet. Folhas secas foram extraídas com etanol:água (7:3 v/v), comparando-se quatro técnicas de extração (percolação, maceração estática, extração por ultrassom e maceração dinâmica), cada uma combinada a quatro faixas de tamanhos de partícula do material vegetal (não tamisado, 16-32 mesh, 32-60 mesh e 60-100 mesh) totalizando 16 extrações. Os compostos fenólicos totais foram quantificados utilizando o método espectrofotométrico de Folin-Denis. A percolação demonstrou ser a técnica mais eficiente, seguida da maceração dinâmica, extração por ultrassom e, com menor eficiência, a maceração estática. A variação no tamanho de partícula do material vegetal demonstrou não influenciar significativamente na extração de fenólicos totais. A percolação e a faixa de tamanho de partícula padronizado entre 60 e 100 mesh, demonstrou ser a combinação mais eficiente avaliada neste estudo.
Inovação na Fiocruz: projeto Profito, um estudo de caso
Authors: Brito Lavínia de Carvalho
Published: September 2017

O presente trabalho é um estudo de caso do projeto Profito, que se iniciou em 2006, vinculada ao Laboratório da Biodiversidade (PAF/NGBS/Fiocruz) em parceria com o Instituto Três Rios (UFRRJ) e os agricultores do Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca (PEPB), destacando a importância deste como um exemplo prático de inovação. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, que teve como base a coleta de informações, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica não exaustiva de 2006 a 2015. O Profito envolveu a capacitação dos agricultores sobre formas de plantio, informações técnicas e certificação dos produtos, de acordo com as demandas de mercado. Promoveu ainda alterações profundas no modus-vivendi dos agricultores, com a inserção destes em uma rede sociotécnica, que gerou transformações irreversíveis em termos de cooperação e articulação dos mesmos em associações, fóruns e conselhos. O projeto original continua se desdobrando em subprojetos até os dias atuais. Assim, o projeto Profito é um exemplo de como esta metodologia pode ser um dos caminhos para o desenvolvimento brasileiro, viabilizando novas condições dos pontos de vista social, político ou econômico.
DBP Impacts From Increased Chlorine Residual Requirements
Authors: Roth Damon K. , Cornwell David A.
Published: September 2017

Since the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) was implemented in 1989, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has required utilities to maintain a chlorine residual (free or total) throughout the distribution system. Although many states have established numerical minimum values for the chlorine concentration to be maintained, the SWTR only requires a “detectable” residual. In 2015, AWWA's Disinfectant Residual Strategy Panel recommended that USEPA consider establishing numeric minimums for analytical methods used for disinfectant analysis to help utilities assess whether they are successfully maintaining disinfectant residuals in their systems. Implementing numeric minimums will require some utilities to increase chlorine dosages to maintain higher residuals than their current practice. In this study, water samples from 21 utilities across the United States were collected for testing to determine the impact that increasing residual chlorine levels would have on disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. The results indicated that many systems are able to maintain detectable chlorine residuals without feeding sufficient chlorine to exhaust the inherent chlorine demand of the bulk water. Therefore, significantly more additional chlorine is required to raise the free chlorine residual from a trace level to a concentration of about 0.2–0.5 mg/L; after that concentration is reached, significantly less chlorine is required to increase residual. Accordingly, systems that currently maintain trace chlorine residuals in their distribution system will see increased DBP formation if they begin feeding sufficient chlorine to increase residuals. Systems that already maintain free chlorine residuals in excess of 0.2 mg/L would expect to see minimal incremental DPB formation if required to increase chlorine residuals.
Tillid i og til pædagogiske sammenhænge
Authors: Andersen Peter Østergaard
Published: September 2017

’Tillid’ i pædagogiske sammenhænge forstås overvejende som noget, der handler om personlige og interpersonelle forhold, fx om barnet har tilstrækkelig selvtillid, og om der eksisterer tillidsfulde relationer mellem børn og pædagoger, elever og lærere, pædagoger/lærere og forældre. Artiklen foreslår at inddrage et systemniveau udover de niveauer, der fokuserer alene på de nære og interpersonelle forhold. ’Tillid’ vedrører ikke alene aspekter i pædagogiske sammenhænge, men også til pædagogiske sammenhænge, dvs. til pædagogikkens muligheder eller til det, man kan kalde ’det pædagogiske projekt’. Repræsentanter for de pædagogiske professioner befinder sig i en paradoksal position, når de skal skabe konkret tillid inden for et system, der i stigende grad kræver forholdemåder, der indirekte medvirker til at skabe mistillid.
Politi- og gadeplansarbejdets forebyggelsesprojekt med ’indvandreren’
Authors: Larsen Anne Sofie Trangeled , Øland Trine
Published: September 2017

Tim er politibetjent og har igennem mange år lavet kriminalpræventivt arbejde. Han fortæller, at denne del af politiarbejdet har fået flere og flere økonomiske ressourcer gennem årene og tilmed er vokset i omfang internti politiet. Men han fortæller også omen mere omfattende faglig optur, hvor andre faggrupper som socialarbejdere og lærere ønsker at samarbejde med dem i kriminalpræventiv afdeling. Tim definerer kriminalitetsforebyggelse i modsætning til politiarbejdets ’brandslukningsopgaver’ og ydermere som det at arbejde med bekymrende adfærd generelt, samtidig med at ’indvandrergruppen’ er overrepræsenteret i arbejdet.
Innovation – i lærernes optik
Authors: Waaddegaard Nina Holst
Published: September 2017

Artiklen handler om, hvilken betydning lærere tillægger innovation i folkeskolens undervisning. Baggrunden er et casestudie af et innovationsprojekt, som fandt sted i perioden 2010 til 2014 på fem skoler i Odense kommune. Projektet havde bl.a. til formål at udvikle en innovationsbaseret naturfagsdidaktik, der kunne styrke de deltagende elevers naturfaglige og innovative kompetencer. Denne artikel fokuserer på, hvordan de lærere, der deltog i projektet, fortolkede begrebet innovation, og hvordan de transformerede det til en egentlig undervisningspraksis. Det vises, hvordan lærerne i transformationspro- cessen gør innovation til et spørgsmål om ’metode’, der efter projektets egen jargon betegnes som ”ISI-metoden”. Det konkluderes, at denne ISI-metode afspejler lærernes praktiske fortolkninger af innovation i undervisningen, men samtidig også afspejler de makropolitiske tendenser. Derved fremstår innovation tæt forbundet med livslang læring, motivation og kompetenceudvikling.
Digital kompetence som en del af lægestuderendes professionelle udvikling
Authors: Furstrand Dorthe , Kayser Lars
Published: September 2017

Udviklingen i lægegerningen og professionsrollen beskrives i snitfladen mellem samfundsmæssige behov, politiske krav og sundhedssektorens udfordringer. ’Fremtidens læger’ bliver uddannet på de danske universiteter med et kompetence-sortiment, der bevæger sig ud over den biomedicinske udenadslære for at dække de nye behov. Herved bevæger uddannelsen og kravene til kompetenceudvikling sig både ud over og væk fra den traditionelle kerne i den medicinske uddannelse. Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i en aktuel uddannelsescase og sætter herigennem fokus på de udfordringer, som uddannelse af medicinstuderende til digitalt kompetente professionelle står overfor.
Investigating the influence of a leadership development programme within the Danish public sector
Authors: Walker Roddy
Published: September 2017

The article outlines the approach taken in an ongoing PhD study, investigating organisational influences of a diploma programme in leadership offered to employees within the Danish public sector. The intention is to considerthe implications of wider societal conditions and organisational contexts, rather than solely focusing on events taking place on-site in the development programme. By undertaking a multi- sited ethnography and adopting a case study approach, individual trajectories of participation through the programme become traceable, training focus on individual leaders’ iterative movement between the organisational and educational practices, and the manner in which they translate between these contexts.
Mobilen er med alle vegne – et praksisteoretisk bud på kulturbegrebet
Authors: Jensen Iben
Published: September 2017

Mobiltelefonen er en af de ting, som har ændret flest praksisser inden for de sidste år. Derfor bruges mobiltelefonpraksis som det gennemgående eksempel her i artiklen, hvori der argumenteres for, at kultur kan forstås som rækker af forskellige praksisser. En praksis er fx at læse, at tale, at deltage i et møde eller at bruge mobiltelefon, hvor man både læser og taler. I praksisteori argumenterer man for, at praksisser er normative; der er normer for, hvordan praksisser skal udføres passende. Hvad der er passende afgøres i den enkelte situation, men altid knyttet til de måder praksisser tidligere har været udført. I globaliserede, medialiserede samfund givet et praksisteoretisk kulturbegreb mulighed for at udpege, hvordan mennesker som er vokset op i forskellige dele af verden, i forskellige etniske eller sociale grupper, udfører de samme praksisser (går til møder, køber ind, taler, læser, bruger mobiltelefon), men kan have forskellige normer knyttet til praksisserne. Et praksisteoretisk kulturbegreb bliver hermed både en måde at forstå kultur, en metode til at indkredse og respektere forskelle og ligheder mellem praksisser og sidst, men ikke mindst giver det et godt udgangspunkt for interkulturel kommunikation.
Varme mødesteder i Cold Hawaii? Tillid, mødesteder og løsning af kollektive handlingsproblemer i et lokalsamfund
Authors: Svendsen Gunnar Lind Haase , Svendsen Gert Tinggaard
Published: September 2017

Civilsamfundet er en grundsten under det danske velfærdssamfund. Men hvordan løses kollektive handlingsproblemer i civilsamfundet? Hvordan undgå, at de lokale kører på frihjul? Hvordan tilskynde til aktiv deltagelse i civilsamfundet? Hvorfor lykkes det nogle steder, men ikke andre? Tilstedeværelsen af tillid i et samfund kan her være en måde, hvorpå free-riding eller gratisme kan minimeres. Dermed øges sandsynligheden for, at det kollektive handlingsproblem kan løses, og at selvregulering kan finde sted (Olson 1965; Ostrom 1990). Dette gælder for alle kollektive handlingsproblemer, hvor to eller flere medlemmer i en gruppe er på tale, fx et fodboldhold som Hobro IK (Sørensen og Svendsen 2015).
Krop og civilisering: Om unge danske pigers forhold til den nøgne krop i forbindelse med omklædning
Authors: Hybholt Maria Gliemann , Thing Lone Friis
Published: September 2017

Artiklen belyser, hvordan unge pigers forhold til bade- og omklædningssituationeninvolverer en ubehagelig skamfølelse.Formålet med artiklen er at belyse, hvordan forholdet mellem samfund og krop kan påvirke de unge pigers handlinger i bade- og omklædningssituationen efter idræt. Undersøgelsen er teoretisk inspireret af Norbert Elias (2000; 2008) samt Erving Goffman (1982; 1990) primært med fokus på teoretikernes sociale forståelse af følelsen skam og dens indflydelse på individets handlinger.
Mænd i børnehaven – gør de egentlig nogen forskel?
Authors: Olsen Bent , Smeplass Eli
Published: September 2017

Det er en udbredt opfattelse, at mænd er en ekstraordinær pædagogisk ressource i børnehaverne, og at man derfor bør fremme en større andel af mandligt ansatte i børnehaverne. Vi skal undersøge og problematisere denne præmis sammen med andre forestillinger om kønsopdelingen på børnehaveområdet.
Tværprofessionelt samarbejde mellem autonomi og styring
Authors: Gulløv John Matthias
Published: September 2017

Begreberne profession og tværprofessionelt samarbejde har spillet en central rolle i de senere års uddannelsesreformer. Med afsæt i Ove Kaj Pedersens argument om, at der sker et skift fra velfærdsstat til konkurrencestat, belyser artiklen, hvordan professionernes autonomi svækkes gennem stærkere styring, og hvordan tværprofessionelt samarbejde samtidig giver stat og kommuner mulighed for at finde fleksible løsninger, når styringssystemerne kommer til kort. Med eksempler fra antropologiske deltagerobservationer viser forfatteren, hvordan professionelle på forskellig vis i praksis tilpasser sig til konkurrencestatens komplekse krav, og hvordan det bliver stadigt vanskeligere for de professionelle at opretholde en fælles professionsetos.The concepts of profession and interprofessional cooperation have played a central role in recent years' educational reforms. Based on Ove Kaj Pedersen's theory that the welfare state is transformed into a competitive state, the article shows how professions are destabilized through stronger governance. At the same time, interprofessional cooperation allows states and municipalities to compensate when governance systems get short. With examples from anthropological field observations, the author shows how professionals by applying various modes of judgment in practice seek to adapt to shifting and competing requirements and how it has become difficult for professionals to maintain a shared professional ethos.
Professionernes fire diskurser
Authors: Moos Lejf
Published: September 2017

Denne tekst identificerer fire faser i udviklingen af de eksterne påvirkninger, som kan have betydning for lærerprofessionens arbejdsvilkår og dermed af synet på dem: En fase, som kan siges at høre velfærdsstaten til, kalder jeg en dannelsesdiskurs. Den anden fase udvikles i konkurrencestaten omkring 00’erne. Den fase kalder jeg læringsmålstyringsdiskursen. Jeg kalder den tredje og fjerde fase i de globale udviklinger med fokus på læring for en eduBusiness-diskurs og en digital globaliseringsdiskurs. Vægten vil blive lagt på de tre seneste diskurser, fordi den første diskurs er velanalyseret andre steder. This text identifies four phases in the development of external influences on the educational professionals’ working condition and thus in the view we have on them. One phase belongs to the welfare state époche from World War II until the beginning of this century. I name it the democratic Bildung discourse. The second phase is emerging in the competitive state époche from 2000 and onwards. This phase is named the effectiveness discourse. I name the third and fourth phases in the global development focusing on learning the eduBusiness discourse and the digital globalisation discourse. The focus is on the here latter discourses because the first one is well described elsewhere.
Almen voksenuddannelse – om behovet for en helhedsorienteret indsats
Authors: Wiedemann Finn
Published: September 2017

I mange år har det været et erklæret mål for skiftende regeringer i Danmark, at 95 procent af en ungdomsårgang skal gennemføre en ungdomsuddannelse. En af de uddannelser, som har haft til formål at løfte denne opgave, er almen voksenuddannelse (avu), som gradvist har fået flere yngre kursister. Med afsæt i bl.a. erfaringerne fra et F&U-program vil jeg argumentere for, at skal man arbejde pædagogisk konstruktivt med målgruppen, er det ikke nok udelukkende at have fokus på den uddannelses- og kvalificeringsmæssige dimension. I stedet er der behov for en helhedsorienteret pædagogisk indsats.Throughout many years it has been a target for different governments in Denmark to increase the number of young people attending youth education. One of the educations involved in this challenge has been almen voksenuddannelse (general adult education). Taking the starting point of the experiences from the latest R&D-program I will argue that if you are going to work with young people attending the education you need a more holistic focus.
Efter nogle fjumreår begynder vi at tune os ind... Den åbne skole mellem dannelse, uddannelse og inklusion
Authors: Larsen Doris Overgaard , Jacobsen Gro Hellesdatter
Published: September 2017

Den åbne skole er del af skolereformen fra 2014 og indebærer, at skolerne skal åbne sig mod lokalsamfundet og samarbejde mere med det lokale forenings- og erhvervsliv. På baggrund af læsning af en række rapporter om den åbne skole diskuteres, hvorvidt den åbne skole kan forbindes meden dannelsestænkning fremfor en uddannelsestænkning. Endvidere argumenteres for, at arbejdet med den åbne skole med fordel kan ses i et bredt inklusionsperspektiv. Herunder bør man medtænke børn, der erfaringsmæssigt ofte oplever barrierer for deltagelse i skolen, herunder de børn der i forbindelse med reformen omtales som ”børn med ikke-boglig baggrund” og ”børn med særlige behov”.The open school is part of the Danish school reform from 2014 and implies that schools should be more open towards the local community and cooperate more with local associations and businesses. Drawing on a reading of reports on the open school it is discussed whether the open school may be related to a concept of Bildung rather than a concept of education. Furthermore, it is argued that working with the open school should be related to a broad concept of inclusion. In this process, one should consider children who often experience barriers to their participation in school, in particular those children, who in relation to the school reform are categorized as “children from a non-academic background” and “children with special needs”.