bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Consonance Solvent Concept for Accurate Prediction of Buckminster Solubility in 180 Net Solvents using COSMO-RS Approach
Authors: Cysewski Piotr
Published: June 2019

The default COSMO-RS (Conductor like Screening Model for Real Solvents) approach is incapable of accurate computation of C60 solubility in net solvents. Additionally, there is no adequate selection of single or multiple reference solvent, which can be applied to the whole population of 180 solvents for improving prediction of mole fraction at saturated conditions. This failure cannot be addressed to inaccurate data of the Buckminster fusion, although they pose a challenge for experimental measurement due to intense sublimation of C60 at elevated temperatures and the possibility of solvates precipitation. However, taking advantage of the richness of experimental data of fullerene solubility, it is possible to identify the source of errors expressed in terms of fluidization affinity. Classification of solvents according to the value of this fluidization term allowed for formulation of a consonance solvents approach, which enables accurate prediction of C60 solubility using the single reference solvent method.
Bisphenol S Modulates Type 1 Diabetes Development in Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mice with Diet- and Sex-Related Effects
Authors: Xu Joella , Huang Guannan , Guo Tai L.
Published: June 2019

Bisphenol S (BPS) is a common replacement for bisphenol A (BPA) in plastics, which has resulted in widespread human exposure. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from pancreatic β-cell destruction and has been increasing in incidence globally. Because of the similarities (e.g., endocrine disrupting) between BPS and BPA, and the fact that BPA was previously shown to accelerate T1D development in female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, it was hypothesized that BPS could contribute to the increasing T1D incidence by altering immunity with sex-biased responses. Adult female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were orally administered BPS at environmentally relevant doses (3, 30, 150 and 300 μg/kg), and males were given 0 or 300 μg/kg BPS. Females following 30 μg/kg BPS treatment on a soy-based diet had significantly delayed T1D development at the end of the study and decreased non-fasting blood glucose levels (BGLs) during the study. In contrast, BPS-exposed males on a soy-based diet showed an increased insulin resistance and varied BGLs. This might be a mixture effect with phytoestrogens, since males on a phytoestrogen-free diet showed improved glucose tolerance and decreased insulin resistance and CD25+ T cells. Additionally, while BPS altered BGLs in soy-based diet mice, minimal effects were observed concerning their immunotoxicity. Thus, BPS had sex- and diet-dependent effects on T1D and glucose homeostasis, which were likely caused by other mechanisms in addition to immunomodulation.
Novel Picobirnaviruses in Respiratory and Alimentary Tracts of Cattle and Monkeys with Large Intra- and Inter-Host Diversity
Authors: Woo Patrick C. Y. , Teng Jade L. L. , Bai Ru , Tang Ying , Wong Annette Y. P. , Li Kenneth S. M. , Lam Carol S. F. , Fan Rachel Y. Y. , Lau Susanna K. P. , Yuen Kwok-Yung
Published: June 2019

Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) are mostly found in animal alimentary samples. In this study, among 576 respiratory specimens from 476 mammals and 100 chickens, genogroup I PBVs were detected in three cattle and three monkeys, and a genogroup II PBV-positive sample was collected from one cattle specimen. More than one PBV sequence type was observed in two and one genogroup I PBV-positive samples from cattle and monkeys, respectively. Twenty-four complete/near-complete segments 2 (nine from respiratory and 15 from alimentary samples) from the cattle and monkey genogroup I PBVs and one complete segment 2 from the cattle genogroup II PBV were sequenced. Similar to other studies, the cattle PBVs also showed a high diversity. In contrast, the monkey PBVs observed in this study were clustered into three distinct clades. Within each clade, all the sequences showed >99% amino acid identities. This unique phenomenon is probably due to the fact that monkeys in our locality reside in separated troops with minimal inter-troop contact.
Drought Assessment using GRACE Terrestrial Water Storage Deficit in Mongolia from 2002 to 2017
Authors: Yu Wenjun , Li Yanzhong , Cao Yanping , Schillerberg Tayler
Published: June 2019

Climate warming can result in increases in the frequency and magnitude of drought events, leading to water shortages and socioeconomic losses. Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data have been used to monitor and estimate drought events. However, there is little information on detecting the characteristics of droughts in Mongolia due to sparse observations. In this study, we estimate the drought conditions in Mongolia using GRACE terrestrial water storage data during 2002–2017. Water storage deficit (WSD) is used to identify the drought event and calculate the water storage deficit index (WSDI). The WSDI was compared with the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The results showed that there were two turning points of WSD in 2007 and 2012. Eight drought events were identified and the most severe drought occurred in 2007–2009 lasting for 38 months with a WSDI of −0.98 and a total WSD of −290.8 mm. Overall, the WSD and WSDI were effective in analyzing and assessing the drought severity in a region where hydrological observations are lacking.
Analysis of Drought-Sensitive Areas and Evolution Patterns through Statistical Simulations of the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode
Authors: Gao Qing-Gang , Sombutmounvong Vonevilay , Xiong Lihua , Lee Joo-Heon , Kim Jong-Suk
Published: June 2019

In this study, we investigated extreme droughts in the Indochina peninsula and their relationship with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode. Areas most vulnerable to drought were analyzed via statistical simulations of the IOD based on historical observations. Results of the long-term trend analysis indicate that areas with increasing spring (March–May) rainfall are mainly distributed along the eastern coast (Vietnam) and the northwestern portions of the Indochina Peninsula (ICP), while Central and Northern Laos and Northern Cambodia have witnessed a reduction in spring rainfall over the past few decades. This trend is similar to that of extreme drought. During positive IOD years, the frequency of extreme droughts was reduced throughout Vietnam and in the southwestern parts of China, while increased drought was observed in Cambodia, Central Laos, and along the coastline adjacent to the Myanmar Sea. Results for negative IOD years were similar to changes observed for positive IOD years; however, the eastern and northern parts of the ICP experienced reduced droughts. In addition, the results of the statistical simulations proposed in this study successfully simulate drought-sensitive areas and evolution patterns of various IOD changes. The results of this study can help improve diagnostic techniques for extreme droughts in the ICP.
Optimization Study for the Desorption of Methylene Blue Dye from Clay Based Adsorbent Coating
Authors: Momina  , Rafatullah Mohd , Ismail Suzylawati , Ahmad Anees
Published: June 2019

Batch desorption experiments of methylene blue (MB) dye from a clay adsorbent coating were carried out to evaluate the maximum desorption conditions. Combination of thermal and chemical regeneration techniques were used for the desorption process. The desorption of MB was found to be 70% using an HCl solvent after heating adsorbent coating at 160 °C. The optimization study was carried out to identity the optimum desorption conditions using MINITAB 14 software. The individual and interaction effects of three factors, temperature, dye concentration and contact time for desorption of dye were determine by applying response surface methodology (RSM). The optimization results showed that all three factors have main effects whereas the interaction of concentration–time is significant as compared to other interactions. The findings exhibit a maximum desorption efficiency 23 mg/g at 60 °C for 100 mg/L of dye and 150 min of contact time.
Lower Danube Water Quality Quantified through WQI and Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Iticescu Catalina , Georgescu Lucian P. , Murariu Gabriel , Topa Catalina , Timofti Mihaela , Pintilie Violeta , Arseni Maxim
Published: June 2019

The aim of the present paper is to quantify water quality in the Lower Danube Region by using a series of multivariate techniques and the Water Quality Index (WQI). In this paper were measured 18 parameters upstream and downstream the city of Galati along the Danube River, namely: pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), N-NH4+, N-NO2−, N-NO3−, N total, P-PO43−, SO42−, Cl−, Fe-total, Cr-total, Pb2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, As2+, in the interval winter 2013–winter 2016. The samples were either analyzed on the field, or sent for testing to the laboratory. The physicochemical parameters mentioned above were analyzed in accordance with the Romanian and International standards in force. The WQI was calculated according to Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index Method. The interdependencies between the selected physicochemical parameters were used for determining potential sources of pollution. Monitoring water quality dynamics in the period mentioned above favoured a series of relevant conclusions about the anthropic influence on water quality. Water quality was assessed by processing the measurements results, by calculating the water quality index (WQI), and by using the principal component analyses (PCA) and the response surface method (RSM) with the aim of correlating the indices for the physico-chemical parameters.
Charging Load Allocation Strategy of EV Charging Station Considering Charging Mode
Authors: Zhao Yutong , Huang Hong , Chen Xi , Zhang Baoqun , Zhang Yiguo , Jin Yuan , Zhang Qian , Cheng Lin , Chen Yanxia
Published: June 2019

A charging load allocation strategy for Electric Vehicles (EVs) considering charging mode is proposed in this paper in order to solve the challenge and opportunity of large-scale grid-connected charging under the background of booming EV industry in recent years. Based on the peak-to-valley Time-of-Use (TOU) price, this strategy studies the grid load, charging cost and charging station revenue variation of EVs connected to the grid in different charging modes. In addition, this paper proposes an additional charging mechanism for charging stations to encourage EV owners to participate in the peak and valley reduction of the grid through coordinated charging. According to the example analysis, under the same charging demand conditions, the larger EV charging power will have a greater impact on the grid than the conventional charging power. This article collects additional service fees for car owners who are not involved in the coordinated charging. When the response charging ratio is less, the more total service charges are charged, which can compensate for the decline in the sales revenue of the charging station during the valley period. While having good economy, it can also encourage the majority of car owners to participate in the coordinated charging from the perspective of charging cost.
Synthesis of CoSe2/RGO Composites and Its Application as a Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Ko Yohan , Choi Wooyeol , Kim Youbin , Lee Chanyong , Jun Yongseok , Kim Junhee
Published: June 2019

In this study, cobalt diselenide (CoSe2) and the composites (CoSe2@RGO) of CoSe2 and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal reaction using cobalt ions and selenide source with or without graphene oxide (GO). The formation of CoSe2@RGO composites was identified by analysis with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that the CoSe2@RGO composites have excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of I3−, possibly indicating a synergetic effect of CoSe2 and RGO. As a consequence, the CoSe2@RGO composites were applied as a counter electrode in DSSC for the reduction of redox couple electrolyte, and exhibiting the comparable power conversion efficiency (7.01%) to the rare metal platinum (Pt) based photovoltaic device (6.77%).
Hydrogen Production from Water Electrolysis Driven by High Membrane Voltage of Reverse Electrodialysis
Authors: Han Ji-Hyung , Kim Hanki , Hwang Kyo-Sik , Jeong Namjo , Kim Chan-Soo
Published: June 2019

The voltage produced from the salinity gradient in reverse electrodialysis (RED) increases proportionally with the number of cell pairs of alternating cation and anion exchange membranes. Large-scale RED systems consisting of hundreds of cell pairs exhibit high voltage of more than 10 V, which is sufficient to utilize water electrolysis as the electrode reaction even though there is no specific strategy for minimizing the overpotential of water electrolysis. Moreover, hydrogen gas can be simultaneously obtained as surplus energy from the electrochemical reduction of water at the cathode if the RED system is equipped with proper venting and collecting facilities. Therefore, RED-driven water electrolysis system can be a promising solution not only for sustainable electric power but also for eco-friendly hydrogen production with high purity without CO2 emission. The RED system in this study includes a high membrane voltage from more than 50 cells, neutral-pH water as the electrolyte, and an artificial NaCl solution as the feed water, which are more universal, economical, and eco-friendly conditions than previous studies on RED with hydrogen production. We measure the amount of hydrogen produced at maximum power of the RED system using a batch-type electrode chamber with a gas bag and evaluate the interrelation between the electric power and hydrogen energy with varied cell pairs. A hydrogen production rate of 1.1 × 10−4 mol cm−2 h−1 is obtained, which is larger than previously reported values for RED system with simultaneous hydrogen production.
ANALISIS TEKNOLOGI, ORGANISASIONAL DAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI PADA UMKM DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Triono Sunu Puguh Hayu
Published: June 2019

Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) terbukti mampu bertahan saat krisis ketika perusahaan besar tidak mampu bertahan. Oleh karena itu UMKM kemudian ditujukan untuk menjadi fondasi bagi kemandirian ekonomi Indonesia. Namun UMKM saat ini menghadapi beberapa tantangan, yaitu mulai berlakunya Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) di tahun 2015 dan era industri 4.0. Dari penelusuran literatur, muncul solusi untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut dengan adopsi Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) dalam kegiatan bisnisnya.  Menurut beberapa penelitian, adopsi TIK pada UMKM dapat dijelaskan menggunakan framework TOE. Pada model ini yang mempengaruhi adopsi TIK ada tiga hal, yaitu konteks teknologi, organisasional dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknologi, organisasional dan lingkungan terhadap adopsi TIK pada UMKM. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan desain penelitian explanatory untuk mencari hubungan kausal antara variabel teknologi, organisasional dan lingkungan terhadap adopsi TIK pada UMKM. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sentra Rajut Binongjati Kota Bandung. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah UMKM rajut yang telah memanfaatkan TIK dalam kegiatan bisnisnya. Sampel penelitian adalah pemilik atau pengelola UMKM rajut dan pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan metode convenient. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 97 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa teknologi, organisasional dan lingkungan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap adopsi TIK pada UMKM.

Kata kunci: Adopsi TIK, UMKM, framework TOE, konteks teknologi, konteks organisasional, konteks lingkungan
Structure cristalline de la variété α du fluoroséléniure de lanthane La Se F
Authors: Nguyen-Huy Dung
Published: June 2019

The α-form of lanthanum fluoro-selenide (LaSeF) crystallyzes in the hexagonal system, with the space group P6₃/mmc. The cell parameters are a = 4.217 Å and c = 8.188 Å with two formula units per unit cell. A monocrystal was used for the study of the crystal structure. The determination of the atomic positions was refined by the least squares method, and the ultimate reliability factor (R) was 0.065.

The structure is formed by alternating layers of selenium anions and planes of lanthanum and fluorine ions (each La and F ion occupies the center of an equilateral triangle formed by the other ions). The selenium and fluorine anions together form a rhomboedral stacking sequence.
STUDENTS’ RESPONSE TO READING WHILE LISTENING GRADED STORIES ACTIVITIES
Authors: Huế Nguyễn Thị , Ngân Phạm Thị Hoàng , Thu Mai Thị Thanh , Phương Vũ Thị Thu
Published: June 2019

Hầu hết các nghiên cứu gần đây về phương pháp Đọc và nghe song song (Reading while listening) chỉ tập trung vào hiệu quả của phương pháp này hoặc so sánh với các phương pháp khác hay sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu định lượng. Mục đích của nghiên cứu hành động định tính này  nhằm trả lời câu hỏi sinh viên năm thứ nhất tại trường Đại học Điều dưỡng Nam Định phản hồi như thế nào và tại sao khi áp dụng kỹ thuật đọc và nghe song song các câu truyện ngắn được đơn giản hóa trong lớp học tiếng Anh. Để thu thập và đối chiếu thông tin, nhóm nghiên cứu đã sử dụng 3 phương pháp thu thập dữ liệu gồm: phỏng vấn nhóm, phỏng vấn cá nhân và quan sát. Đối tượng nghiên cứu là 15 sinh viên năm nhất tại Đại học Điều dưỡng Nam Định với trình độ khác nhau từ sơ cấp tới tiền trung cấp. Dữ liệu được phân tích theo chủ đề (thematically analysis). Sau 14 tuần áp dụng phương pháp này, sinh viên phản hồi tích cực về mức độ tham gia vào các hoạt động và lợi ích của các hoạt động nói trên với sự phát triển ngôn ngữ; tuy nhiên, vẫn còn một số vấn đề liên quan đến các hoạt động bổ trợ và việc lựa chọn các câu truyện.
A rhizosphere isolate from Oryza sativa, Enterobacter cloacae VITTPN2, as a potential plant growth promoting rhizobacteria; an in vitro study
Authors: Naushad Thahiya , Kamarudheen Neethu , Gopal Poorna Chandrika , Rao Kokati Venkata Bhaskara
Published: June 2019

The increasing need for Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) for biofertilizer development is warranted owing to the environmental hazards caused by chemical fertilizers. Our investigation was to isolate, screen and characterize PGPR from rhizospheric soil with potential PGPR properties. Oryza sativa and Saccharum officinarum rhizosphere were collected from the agricultural research station, Virinjipuram, Vellore (12.9202N, 79.1333E), Tamil Nadu, India for PGPR isolation. Eleven distinct isolates of bacteria were grown on Jensen’s (seven) and Pikovskaya’s media (four). Among these, four isolates (TPN1 to TPN4) showed phosphate solubilisation activity. And one isolate TPN2 particularly showed both nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization with other PGPR properties. Furthermore, the isolate TPN2 demonstrated promising results in Indole 3-Acetic Acid production (99.29±0.945µg ml-1). Since the isolate TPN2 displayed all PGPR characteristics under study, it was selected for pot culture studies. The seeds treated with TPN2 revealed an increase of 63.6% in shoot length and 14.63% in root length of the okra plant. There was a 74.6% increase in shoot length and a 16% increase in the root length of the tomato plant. Additionally, there was extensive development of lateral roots in okra plant. Henceforth TPN2 was identified as Enterobacter cloacae VITTPN2 (ku951582). This report produced remarkable results which promise the bacterial strain Enterobacter cloacae strain VITTPN2 can be further studied as a prospective biofertilizer.
İnşikâk-ı Kamer Konusunda Sünnî Tefsirlerde İlhâd İddiaları
Authors: AĞKUŞ Yusuf
Published: June 2019

Hz. Peygamber hayattayken soruları cevapsız kalmayan Müslümanlar Hz. Peygamber’in vefatıyla birlikte müşterekleri olan mutlak bir otoriteden mahrum kalmışlardır. Bu durumun yanı sıra daha pek çok faktörün de devreye girmesiyle ilerleyen dönemlerde karşılaşılan problemlerde yekvücut hareket edilememiş, kimi zaman bir soruya cevap olarak onlarca fikir ileri sürülebilmiştir. Bu noktada her kesim, her fırka kendi fikrini hakikatin, kendi gibi düşünmeyenlerin yorumlarını ise dalâletin, ilhâdın ifadesi olarak görmüştür. Hz. Peygamber’in mucizesi olarak geçmişte ayın yarıldığı düşüncesi Sünnî âlimler tarafından hararetle savunulmuş, aksi düşünceler ilhâd, zındıklık, dalâlet olarak kabul edilmiş ve bu iddialara tefsirlerde de yer verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak “inşikâk-ı kamer” meselesi hakkında dile getirilen görüşlerin ne olduğu, tarafların fikirlerini hangi argümanlar üzerine bina ettikleri ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra Sünnî ulemânın, konu hakkında farklı görüşe sahip olanlara yönelik tefsirlerde yer verdikleri ilhâd, zındıklık, dalâlet iddiaları serdedilmiş ve son olarak bu olumsuz nitelemelerden, iddialardan kaçınmanın gerekliliği ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Kerja Sama Pemerintah Swasta (KPS) Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Bandar Udara Radin Inten II Lampung Selatan
Authors: Fauzela Dian Sera , Sutiyoso Bambang Utoyo , Putra Sasana
Published: June 2019

Penyediaan infrastruktur sebagai salah satu prioritas pembangunan  di Indonesia masih   terhalang oleh keterbatasan biaya. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah dapat melibatkan pihak swasta dalam hal penyediaan dana. Keterlibatan pihak lain untuk mencapai tujuan suatu negara dikenal dengan konsep good governance. Salah satu upaya  pelibatan pihak lain (swasta)  dikenal dengan istilah Kerja sama Pemerintah Swasta (KPS). Pada penelitian ini lokus yang dipilih adalah Bandara Radin Inten II Lampung Selatan.  Lokus ini dipilih karena posisi bandara yang strategis dan potensi penumpang yang dimiliki  tidak berbanding lurus dengan upaya pembangunan infrastruktur. Tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian  adalah mengetahui urutan prioritas bentuk Kerja sama Pemerintah Swasta (KPS) dalam upaya pengembangan sisi udara Bandara Radin Inten II Lampung Selatan dan faktor yang paling berpengaruh  dalam bentuk KPS tersebut. Metode pada penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data berupa AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk yang paling menguntungkan untuk pengembangan  sisi udara Bandara Radin Inten II Lampung Selatan adalah Built Transfer (BT) dibandingkan  Built-Operate-Transfer (BOT) dan Built-Transfer-Operate (BTO). Bentuk  Built Transfer (BT) terpilih berdasarkan kriteria ekonomi (sukriteria : modal), kriteria risiko (subkriteria : aturan hukum), dan  kriteria pasar (subkriteria : demand). Dari beberapa kriteria yang dipilih, kriteria ekonomi berupa modal merupakan  faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam pemilihan bentuk KPS.
Влияние элементов технологии возделывания винограда на урожай и КПД ФАР клона 337 сорта Каберне-Совиньон в условиях Западного предгорно-приморского района Крыма
Authors: Dikan Alexander , Kashirina Domnica , Ryff Irina
Published: June 2019

Приводятся результаты трехлетних исследований по клону 337 сорта Каберне-Совиньон в Западном предгорно-приморском районе Крыма. Показано влияние различной нагрузки на куст (11, 17 и 22 глазка) и зеленых операций (чеканка побегов, нормирование урожая, удаление листьев в зоне гроздей с восточной стороны) на величину урожая и коэффициент полезного действия (КПД) фотосинтетически активной радиации (ФАР). Установлено, что максимальная величина КПД ФАР была 0,52% при нагрузке на куст в две лозы плодоношения без последующих зеленых операций. Изменение КПД ФАР на 93,4% зависит от изменения площади листовой поверхности куста. Между КПД ФАР и урожаем винограда с куста существует сильная линейная корреляционная связь и регрессионная зависимость. Изменение массы урожая винограда с куста на 99,9% зависит от изменения площади листовой поверхности куста и КПД ФАР. Увеличенная нагрузка до 17-22 глазков при обрезке будет способствовать наиболее рациональному использованию ресурсов продуктивности кустов клона 337 сорта Каберне-Совиньон в Западном предгорно-приморском районе Крыма.

The paper summarizes results of a three-year study on clone 337 of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ cultivar in the western piedmont-coastal region of Crimea. The paper demonstrates the influence of various bush loads (11, 17 and 22 eyes) and green operations (shoot trimming, harvest regulation, leaf removal in the bunch area on the eastern side) on the yield size and efficiency coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation. It was found that the maximum efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation made 0.52% with the bush load of two fruiting canes without subsequent green operations. The 93.4% variance of the efficiency coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation is dependent on leaf surface area variations of the bush. There is a strong linear correlation and regressional relationship between the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation and the yield of grapes per bush. The 99.9% increase of the yield per bush weight depends on the change in the leaf surface area of the bush and the efficiency coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation. Increasing the load up to 17-22 buds when pruning will contribute to the most rational use of bush productivity resources of clone 337 of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in the western piedmont-coastal region of Crimea.
Изучение спектров поглощения вин различных типов и возраста в УФ-диапазоне длин волн
Authors: Timofeev Ruslan , Fomenko Nina , Panasyuk Aleksandr
Published: June 2019

Приведены результаты анализа спектров поглощения вин различных типов и возраста в УФ-диапазоне длин волн. Определены закономерности изменения оптической плотности в УФ-диапазоне длин волн образцов вин в зависимости от их типа и возраста. Показано, что оптическая плотность вин одного возраста на длине волны 280 nm пропорциональна массовой концентрации суммы фенольных веществ, определенной с реактивом Фолина-Чокальтеу. Введено понятие «коэффициента поглощения фенольных веществ винограда и вина». Разработан методологический подход к определению массовой концентрации фенольных веществ в молодых винах.

The paper highlights the results of the absorption spectra analysis of base wines of various types and ages in the UV wavelength range. Patterns have been established for optical density vatriations in the UV wavelength range of base wine samples depending on their type and age. It is shown that the optical density of base wines of the same age at the wavelength of 280 nm is proportional to the mass concentration of total phenolic substances, determined with Folin-Chocalteu reagent. The concept of “phenolic substances of grapes and wine absorption coefficient” was introduced. A methodological approach was developed to determine mass concentration of phenolic substances in young base wines.
KECERDASAN LOGIKA-MATEMATIKA DI LIHAT DARI KECERDASAN MAJEMUK SISWA SMA DI BREBES SELATAN
Authors: Khiyarusoleh Ujang
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh diperlukannya informasi tentang kondisi kecerdasan logika-matematika siswa SMA, untuk mengungkap kecerdasan yang dimiliki siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kecerdasan logika –matematikasiswa SMA diwilayah Brebes. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada siswa SMA, objek penelitian adalah siswa SMA seBrebes. Untuk sampel yang diambil adalah Brebes selatan dari 3 (tiga) kecamatan yaitu Bumiayu, Sirampog dan Paguyangan dari ketiga kecamatan tersebut  di ambil 5 (Lima) sekolahan SMA diwilayah Kabupaten Brebes Selatan.

Hasil penelitian siswa yang memiliki kecerdasan linguistik sebanyak 17 siswa sebesar 13,49 %, kecerdasan Logika 9 Siswa sebesar 7,14 %, kecerdasan musikal sebanyak 6 siswa sebesar 4,76 %, kecerdasan visual sebanyak 22 siswa sebesar 17,46 %,  Kecerdasan Tubuh sebanyak 24 Siswa sebesar 19,05 %, Kecerdasan Interpersonal sebanyak 26 Siswa sebesar 20,63%,  kecerdasan Intrapersonal sebanyak 18 siswa sebesar 14,29 %, kecerdasan Natural sebanyak 4 siswa sebesar 3,17 % hal tersebut  menunjukan bahwa siswa yang memiliki kecerdasan Logika Matematika yaitu sebanyak 9 siswa dan sebesar 7,14% dari 126 siswa.
THEMATIC CHARACTER BASED LEARNING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Sijabat Osco Parmonangan
Published: June 2019

This study aims to find a design study model character education consists of learning tools and study guides students on thematic learning. The method used is research and development (Research and Development) combined with action research methods.The survey results revealed that students are given guidance at the time of the trial in the class did not give meaningfulness in learning. On the Character Education Model Integrated Thematic Teaching at primary schools HKBP Pematangsiantar developed through this research feasible tested again on the stage of a pilot project to test subjects' primary schools HKBP Pematangsiantar grade 2 and 3. Then proceed to the stage of dissemination in the 1st grade, primary school HKBP Pematangsiantar so that it can serve as the basis for the submission of policy proposals in the field of character education.
Cold, Old, and Metal-poor: New Stellar Substructures in the Milky Way’s Dwarf Spheroidals
Authors: Lora V. , Grebel E. K. , Schmeja S. , Koch A.
Published: June 2019

Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSph) orbiting the Milky Way are complex objects often with complicated star formation histories and internal dynamics. In this work, we search for stellar substructures in four of the classical dSph satellites of the Milky Way: Sextans, Carina, Leo I, and Leo II. We apply two methods to search for stellar substructure: the minimum spanning tree method, which helps us find and quantify spatially connected structures, and the “brute-force” method, which is able to find elongated stellar substructures. We detected the previously known substructure in Sextans and also found a new stellar substructure within Sextans. Furthermore, we identified a new stellar substructure close to the core radius of the Carina dwarf galaxy. We report a detection of one substructure in Leo I and two in Leo II, but we note that we are dealing with a low number of stars in the samples used. Such old stellar substructures in dSphs could help us shed light on the nature of the dark matter halos, within which such structures form, evolve, and survive.
The Apache Point Observatory Catalog of Optical Diffuse Interstellar Bands
Authors: Fan Haoyu , Hobbs L. M. , Dahlstrom Julie A. , Welty Daniel E. , York Donald G. , Rachford Brian , Snow Theodore P. , Sonnentrucker Paule , Baskes Noah , Zhao Gang
Published: June 2019

Aiming for a new and more comprehensive DIB catalog between 4000 and 9000 Å, we revisited the Atlas Catalog based on the observations of HD 183143 and HD 204827. Twenty-five medium to highly reddened sight lines were selected, sampling a variety of spectral types of the background star and the interstellar environments. The median signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of these spectra is ∼1300 around 6400 Å. Compared to the Atlas Catalog, 22 new DIBs were found, and the boundaries of 27 (sets of) DIBs were adjusted, resulting in an updated catalog containing 559 DIBs that we refer to as the Apache Point Observatory Catalog of Optical Diffuse Interstellar Bands. Measurements were then made based on this catalog. We found our survey most sensitive between 5500 and 7000 Å, due largely to the local S/N of the spectra, the relative absence of interfering stellar lines, and the weakness of telluric residuals. For our data sample, the number of DIBs detected in a given sight line is mostly dependent on E

B−V
and less on the spectral type of the background star. Some dependence on the molecular fraction f
H2 is observed, but it is less well determined owing to the limited size of the data sample. The variations of the wavelengths of each DIB in different sight lines are generally larger than those of the known interstellar lines CH+, CH, and K i. Those variations could be due to the inherent error in the measurement, or to differences in the velocity components among sight lines.
Radio Emission from Pulsars due to Relativistic Plasma
Authors: Roy Tridib , Gangadhara R. T.
Published: June 2019

Pulsar radio emission is not well understood because of a lack of knowledge about the emission geometry and the plasma process involved. We develop a mechanism for pulsar radio emission that takes into account the detailed viewing geometry of pulsars and the dipolar magnetic field configuration. Using a suitably chosen geometry and plasma parameters, we derive analytical expressions for the Stokes parameters of the radiation field in the frame centered on the neutron star. We have simulated pulse profiles based on our analytical formulation. It seems that we can explain the enhanced radiation and most of the diverse polarization properties of radio pulsars. We have estimated the brightness temperature, which seems to agree with the observations. The polarization angle predicted by the model is in good agreement with the rotating vector model.
NICER Observation of Unusual Burst Oscillations in 4U 1728-34
Authors: Mahmoodifar Simin , Strohmayer Tod E. , Bult Peter , Altamirano Diego , Arzoumanian Zaven , Chakrabarty Deepto , Gendreau Keith C. , Guillot Sebastien , Homan Jeroen , Jaisawal Gaurava K. , Keek Laurens , Wolff Michael T.
Published: June 2019

The Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer has observed seven thermonuclear X-ray bursts from the low-mass X-ray binary neutron star 4U 1728−34 from the start of the mission’s operations until 2019 February. Three of these bursts show oscillations in their decaying tail, with frequencies that are within 1 Hz of the previously detected burst oscillations from this source. Two of these burst oscillations have unusual properties: they have large fractional root mean square (rms) amplitudes of 48% ± 9% and 46% ± 9%, and they are detected only at photon energies above 6 keV. By contrast, the third detected burst oscillation is compatible with previous observations of this source, with a fractional rms amplitude of 7.7% ± 1.5% rms in the 0.3 to 6.2 keV energy band. We discuss the implications of these large-amplitude burst oscillations, finding that they are difficult to explain with the current theoretical models for X-ray burst tail oscillations.
Acceleration of Solar Wind Particles by Traveling Interplanetary Shocks
Authors: Prinsloo P. L. , Strauss R. D. , le Roux J. A.
Published: June 2019

The acceleration of thermal solar wind (SW) protons at spherical interplanetary shocks driven by coronal mass ejections is investigated. The SW velocity distribution is represented using κ-functions, which are transformed in response to simulated shock transitions in the fixed-frame flow speed, plasma number density, and temperature. These heated SW distributions are specified as source spectra at the shock from which particles with sufficient energy can be injected into the diffusive shock acceleration process. It is shown that for shock-accelerated spectra to display the classically expected power-law indices associated with the compression ratio, diffusion length scales must exceed the width of the compression region. The maximum attainable energies of shock-accelerated spectra are found to be limited by the transit times of interplanetary shocks, while spectra may be accelerated to higher energies in the presence of higher levels of magnetic turbulence or at faster-moving shocks. Indeed, simulations suggest that fast-moving shocks are more likely to produce very high energy particles, while strong shocks, associated with harder shock-accelerated spectra, are linked to higher intensities of energetic particles. The prior heating of the SW distribution is found to complement shock acceleration in reproducing the intensities of typical energetic storm particle (ESP) events, especially where injection energies are high. Moreover, simulations of ∼0.2–1 MeV proton intensities are presented that naturally reproduce the observed flat energy spectra prior to shock passages. Energetic particles accelerated from the SW, aided by its prior heating, are shown to contribute substantially to intensities during ESP events.
On the Origin of Star–Gas Counterrotation in Low-mass Galaxies
Authors: Starkenburg Tjitske K. , Sales Laura. V. , Genel Shy , Manzano-King Christina , Canalizo Gabriela , Hernquist Lars
Published: June 2019

Stars in galaxies form from the cold rotationally supported gaseous disks that settle at the center of dark matter halos. In the simplest models, such angular momentum is acquired early on at the time of collapse of the halo and preserved thereafter, implying a well-aligned spin for the stellar and gaseous component. Observations, however, have shown the presence of gaseous disks in counterrotation with the stars. We use the Illustris numerical simulations to study the origin of such counterrotation in low-mass galaxies (M
⋆ = 2 × 109–5 × 1010
M
⊙), a sample where mergers have not played a significant role. Only ∼1% of our sample shows a counterrotating gaseous disk at z = 0. These counterrotating disks arise in galaxies that have had a significant episode of gas removal followed by the acquisition of new gas with misaligned angular momentum. In our simulations, we identify two main channels responsible for the gas loss: a strong feedback burst and gas stripping during a flyby passage through a more massive group environment. Once settled, counterrotation can be long-lived with several galaxies in our sample displaying misaligned components consistently for more than 2 Gyr. As a result, no major correlation with the present-day environment or structural properties might remain, except for a slight preference for early-type morphologies and a lower than average gas content at a given stellar mass.
Black Hole Hyperaccretion in Collapsars. I. MeV Neutrinos
Authors: Wei Yun-Feng , Liu Tong , Song Cui-Ying
Published: June 2019

As the plausible central engine of gamma-ray bursts, a black hole (BH) hyperaccretion disk should be in a state of neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF) if the accretion rate is larger than the ignition rate of an NDAF. A rotating stellar-mass BH surrounded by a hyperaccretion disk might be born in the center of a massive core collapsar. In the initial hundreds of seconds of the accretion process, the mass supply rate of the massive progenitor is generally higher than the ignition accretion rate, but the jets are generally choked in the envelope. Thus, neutrinos can be emitted from the center of a core collapsar. In this paper, we study the effects of the masses and metallicities of progenitor stars on the time-integrated spectra of electron neutrinos from NDAFs. The peak energies of the calculated spectra are approximately 10–20 MeV. The mass of a collapsar has little influence on the neutrino spectrum, and a low metallicity is beneficial to the production of low-energy (≲1 MeV) neutrinos. We also investigate the differences in the electron neutrino spectra between NDAFs and proto-neutron stars. Combining with the electromagnetic counterparts and multimessenger astronomy, one may verify the possible remnants of the core collapse of massive stars with future neutrino detectors.
Proton Perpendicular Heating by Kinetic Alfvén Waves
Authors: Choi Cheong R. , Woo M.-H. , Yoon Peter H. , Shin D.-K. , Lee D.-Y. , Park K. S.
Published: June 2019

The preferential heating of protons in the perpendicular direction with respect to the ambient magnetic field is a well-known phenomenon in the solar corona. One of the physical mechanisms proposed to explain such a feature is the nonresonant wave–particle interaction between protons and kinetic Alfvén waves. The present paper examines this mechanism by employing a novel analytical method based upon the Hamiltonian dynamical test particle approach. The analytical nature of the present method reveals an interesting fact that the pure inductive component of parallel electric field associated with the kinetic Alfvén wave in the limit Ti/Te
≪ 1 has little contribution. The parallel and perpendicular diffusion of protons by kinetic Alfvén waves is investigated through computing the autocorrelation function. The calculations unambiguously demonstrate that the proton heating is achieved mainly by nonresonant wave–particle interaction involving the wave magnetic field, and that the effects of the parallel electric field are minimal. It is also found that the perpendicular diffusion is orders of magnitude stronger than parallel diffusion, implying effective perpendicular heating.
Inverse Compton Scattering of Starlight in the Kiloparsec-scale Jet in Centaurus A: The Origin of Excess TeV γ-Ray Emission
Authors: Tanada K. , Kataoka J. , Inoue Y.
Published: June 2019

Centaurus A (Cen A) is the nearest active radio galaxy, which has kiloparsec-scale jets and giant lobes detected by various instruments in radio and X-ray frequency ranges. The Fermi-Large Area Telescope and High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) confirmed that Cen A is a very high-energy (VHE; >0.1 TeV) γ-ray emitter with a known spectral softening in the energy range from a few GeV to TeV. In this work, we consider a synchrotron self-Compton model in the nucleus for the broadband spectrum below the break energy and an external Compton model in kiloparsec-scale jets for the γ-ray excess. Our results show that the observed γ-ray excess can be suitably described by the inverse Compton scattering of the starlight photons in the kiloparsec-scale jets, which is consistent with the recent tentative report by HESS on the spatial extension of the TeV emission along the jets. Considering the spectral fitting results, the excess can only be seen in Cen A, which is probably due to two factors: (1) the host galaxy is approximately 50 times more luminous than other typical radio galaxies and (2) the core γ-ray spectrum quickly decays above a few MeV due to the low maximum electron Lorentz factor of γ
c = 2.8 × 103 resulting from the large magnetic field of 3.8 G in the core. By the comparison with other γ-ray detected radio galaxies, we found that the magnetic field strength of relativistic jets scales with the distance from the central black holes d with B(d) ∝ d
−0.88 ± 0.14.
State Resolved Data for Quadrupole Radiative Association of H+H and Dissociation of H2 through Orbiting Resonances
Authors: Pérez K. D. , Arce J. C. , López J. G.
Published: June 2019

We propose a reassessment of quadrupole radiative association and dissociation for the formation, destruction, and detection of molecular hydrogen in the early universe and in very cold molecular clouds by taking into account orbiting (shape) resonances. We provide accurate data needed for the modeling of this mechanism—namely, the energies and lifetimes of all the orbiting resonances up to J = 30 in the ground electronic state (

) and the energies and quadrupole matrix elements for all the associated resonance–resonance and resonance-bound rovibrational transitions.
Reverse Engineering to Ensure Course Competencies Are Linked to Clinical Proficiency
Authors: Bleich Michael R.
Published: June 2019

Higher education and continuing education are increasingly focused on clinical proficiency and readiness for practice. This article describes the art and science of setting competencies. It further recommends that field-based competencies, referenced as clinical proficiency, become a strong foundation for developing and distinguishing course and program competencies. In this way, academic and service needs are aligned.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2019;50(7):297–299.]
Vitreous Biopsy Under Air: Technique, Complications, and Volume Outcomes
Authors: Zhao Meng , Yu Yajie , Liu Wu
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Classic vitreous biopsy, which targets the vitreous with an undiluted sample of 1 mL to 2 mL, has been used as a diagnostic analysis. Vitrectomy under air infusions have been reported to be able to extract more vitreous sample. In this study, the authors introduce a way of obtaining vitreous sample under air irrigation using 23-gauge vitrectomy and discuss the benefits and potential risks of this procedure.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

In this retrospective case series study, a total of 65 eyes of 65 patients with macular epiretinal membrane (ERM) or macular hole (MH) were enrolled. A vitreous biopsy was carried out with air infusion. Vitrectomy with fluid infusion was then carried out to remove the residual vitreous. Medical records of patients with macular ERM or MH were reviewed and analyzed. Clinical data, including age, sex, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), axial length, presence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), presence of liquefication of vitreous, and refraction, were recorded and investigated. The volume of vitreous sample, visual outcome, and complications related to vitreous biopsy at 1-month follow-up were recorded and analyzed.

RESULTS:

The mean of undiluted vitreous sample volume was 2.1 mL ± 0.2 mL. There were seven patients whose vitreous samples were less than 2 mL during the vitreous biopsy. The mean age of patients was 62.9 years ± 8.4 years (range: 35 years to 85 years) at diagnosis. There were 18 male and 47 female patients. At 1-month follow-up, no patient had decreased visual acuity. There was one patient who had a peripheral retinal break and was treated with photocoagulation during the operation (1.5%). The insufficient vitreous sample that may occur during the vitreous biopsy under air infusion was related to liquefication of vitreous (28.8%).

CONCLUSION:

In summary, vitreous biopsy with air infusion is a safe and effective maneuver to harvest undiluted vitreous in patients without significant vitreous inflammation.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:365–370.]
Performance of interstocks in the plant development and fruit quality of plum trees
Authors: Oliveira João Alison Alves , Bruckner Cláudio Horst , Silva Danielle Fabíola Pereira da , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães dos , Soares Wellington Dos Santos , Nunes Livia Vieira
Published: June 2019

The production of compact plants, which are slightly lacking in vigor and as productive as conventionally sized plants, is a trend in fruit growing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative performance and fruit quality of Gulfblaze and Reubennel plums intergrafted into two peach genotypes (UFV 186 and UFV 286). The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design using a 3x2 factorial arrangement (interstocks x cultivar) with four replications and one plant per plot. The non-intergrafted treatment was considered the control. Ten fruits were collected per plot for physical and chemical analyses. The evaluations were performed in the years 2014 and 2015. The interstock UFV 286 produced Gulfblaze trees with lower height in the two years of evaluation. When using the UFV 286 interstock, the trunk diameters were 50.2% smaller in Gulfblaze and 44.25% smaller in Reubennel than the control cultivars. Intergrafting had no influence on the fruit mass of Reubennel. In general, the peach genotypes UFV 186 and UFV 286 can be recommended as interstocks for reducing plant size in the plums studied. Intergrafting had no effect on fruit quality of Reubennel plums.