bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of CHEK2 Germline Mutations in BRCA1/2- and PALB2-Negative Breast and Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Aksoy Fuat , Tezcan Unlu Havva , Cecener Gulsah , Guney Eskiler Gamze , Egeli Unal , Tunca Berrin , Efendi Erdem Ecem , Senol Kazım , Gokgoz Mustafa Sehsuvar
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The CHEK2 gene is known to be an important signal transducer involved in DNA repair, apoptosis, or cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage. The mutations in this gene have been associated with a wide range of cancers, both sporadic and hereditary. Germline CHEK2 mutations are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of CHEK2 variants in BRCA1/2- and PALB2-negative early-onset patients with breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer in a Turkish population for the first time. Methods: The study included 95 patients with BRCA1/2- and PALB2-negative early-onset breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer and also 60 unaffected women. All the intron/exon boundaries and coding exons of CHEK2 were subjected to mutational analysis by heteroduplex analysis and DNA sequencing. Results: A total of 16 CHEK2 variants were found in breast cancer patients within the Turkish population. CHEK2 c.1100delC mutation most frequently studied in the CHEK2 gene was not detected in our study. The prevalence of variants of uncertain significance in CHEK2 was found to be 7.3% (n = 7) in BRCA1/2 and PALB2 mutation-negative Turkish patients with early-onset breast and/or ovarian cancer. Conclusion: The present study may shed light on alternative variations that could be significant for understanding the prevalence and clinical suitability of the CHEK2 gene.
“Este é o mundo errado” – elementos para uma utopia política feminista
Authors: Sattler Janyne
Published: January 2022

Este artigo busca salientar os elementos utópicos comuns entre as obras de Christine de Pizan, A cidade das damas, e de Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Terra das mulheres, em vista de uma utopia política feminista, cujo valor central reside tanto num projeto de autonomia filosófica e literária quanto naquilo que tenho defendido para as utopistas e as não utopistas que escrevem ao longo da história da filosofia, como constituindo uma efetiva política do texto, da escrita e da linguagem com as obras realizando em ato uma defesa das capacidades cognitivas, imaginativas e políticas das mulheres.
Ciência para os 99%
Authors: Itokazu Anastasia Guidi
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, proponho que a crise política que vivenciamos em todo o mundo está relacionada a uma crise epistêmica, e que uma revolução científica se impõe diante de nós: somente uma ciência feita pelos 99% e para os 99% pode fazer frente à onda de obscurantismo que ameaça as bases cognitivas da própria democracia. Na parte final do artigo, descrevo de maneira bastante geral algumas características que devem ser satisfeitas por essa ciência sucessora.
Na sala do teatro, “É de Diadorim que você deve de me chamar”
Authors: Santos Luana Alves dos
Published: January 2022

Num primeiro plano, partindo do fato de que Diadorim é uma subjetividade atravessada pelo olhar do outro – ou seja, não se trata de uma subjetividade que narra a si mesma, mas de uma subjetividade cujo “ser” se põe, face a um narrador em primeira pessoa, como “ser-para-outro” – é preciso indagar em que medida a revelação de seu corpo como sendo corpo-de-mulher contribui, na maneira pela qual Riobaldo-narrador tece os fios do passado, para o acorde entre feminino e alteridade. Trata-se, portanto, de investigar o ajuste firmado, no romance de Rosa, entre o feminino e a condição de “Outro absoluto” que lhe é atribuída e sobre a qual discorre Simone de Beauvoir. Num segundo plano, para além do exame sobre o que o romance fala (seus ajustes e pactos), é preciso deslindar o que o romance dissimula. Em outras palavras, mais do que capturar Diadorim em uma identidade de gênero, ainda que provisória – visto que Diadorim parece não performar os padrões de masculinidade impostos por seus pares e daí receber o epíteto de “o delicado”; tampouco Diadorim “torna-se mulher”, mas é, discursivamente, “tornada” mulher, no advento de sua morte – pretendemos demonstrar que o que o romance dissimula é o escândalo, manifesto já no nome “Diadorim”, da desorganização das normas de inteligibilidade de gênero; a essa altura, tomaremos como pressupostos teóricos os estudos de Judith Butler sobre o tema.
Paradigmas em disputa? Debate entre Butler, Benhabib e Fraser
Authors: Bonote Michele Teixeira
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo revisita um debate na teoria feminista dos anos 1990 entre as teóricas Judith Butler, Seyla Benhabib e Nancy Fraser presente na coletânea Debates Feministas. O objetivo central é compreender a posição política de cada autora em relação às possibilidades – ou não – de um sujeito para o feminismo, que apontariam os caminhos para se pensar a emancipação – como Benhabib indica – ou a subversão – como Butler indica. Iniciamos o artigo com a exposição da teoria da performatividade de gênero de Butler e com o pensamento de Benhabib sobre o self situado; posteriormente apresentamos a disputa política entre as autoras; por final, a partir da leitura de Fraser, trazemos uma tentativa de reconciliação entre os paradigmas que cada autora trabalha.
Gênero em tradução: além do monolinguismo, de Judith Butler
Authors: Butler Judith , Miguens Fernanda , Rodrigues Carla
Published: January 2022

As reflexões anglófonas e teóricas sobre gênero muitas vezes assumem o caráter generalizante das suas próprias afirmações sem antes colocar a pergunta sobre se o “gender” existe como termo, ou se existe da mesma maneira em outras línguas. Parte da resistência à entrada do termo “gender” em contextos não anglófonos surge de uma resistência anterior ao inglês ou, de fato, apoiada na sintaxe de uma língua na qual as questões de gênero são resolvidas através de inflexões verbais ou de uma referência implícita. É claro que uma forma mais abrangente de resistência tem relação com os medos de que a categoria possa produzir, por si mesma, formas de liberdade sexual e desafios para as hierarquias existentes na língua para a qual está sendo traduzida. O ataque político e organizado ao gênero e aos estudos de gênero que está acontecendo no mundo todo tem muitas fontes, mas não é esse o foco desse ensaio. Este ensaio sustenta que não pode existir teoria de gênero sem tradução e que o monolinguismo anglófono muitas vezes assume que o inglês constitui uma base suficiente para as afirmações teóricas sobre gênero. Além disso, na medida em que o uso contemporâneo do termo “gender” vem de uma criação introduzida por sexólogos e, posteriormente, reapropriada pelas feministas, desde o início o termo esteve vinculado à inovação gramatical e aos desafios sintáticos. Sem um entendimento da tradução – com sua prática e seus limites – os estudos de gênero não podem existir num enquadramento global. Finalmente, o processo de se tornar de um gênero, ou de mudar de gênero, requer tradução para comunicar outros termos de reconhecimento das novas modalidades de gênero. Sendo assim, a tradução é parte constitutiva de qualquer teoria de gênero que busque ser multilíngue e aceite o caráter historicamente dinâmico das línguas. Esse enquadramento pode facilitar o caminho para o reconhecimento de diferentes gêneros, assim como de diferentes considerações sobre a identidade de gênero (essencialista, construtivista, processual, interativa, interseccional), que requerem tanto a tradução quanto uma definição de seus limites. Sem a tradução e a invenção histórica do termo “gender” não há como compreender a categoria dinâmica e mutável do gênero ou as resistências que ela hoje enfrenta.
O impacto da corporeidade nos escritos de Catharine MacKinnon na década de 1990
Authors: Santos Magda Guadalupe dos
Published: January 2022

As teorias feministas de Catharine MacKinnon sobre a questão do corpo, na década de 1990, ampliam as discussões que regulam o processo de materialização de significados e submissão das mulheres ao poder. MacKinnon, especialmente em Are Women Human?, propõe que se amplie a proteção das mulheres contra a violência, visando alcançar, nos julgamentos de estupros em tempos de guerra, a conotação de genocídio, pelo seu impacto ético-político. Também com relação à pornografia ela é profundamente crítica, entendendo isso como verticalidade de uma violência explícita que deveria ser combatida. Ao se questionar o alcance de sua teoria no momento histórico de sua produção, verifica-se que suas preocupações chegam até os dias atuais em novas pautas axiológicas, mas ainda como um desafio e uma necessidade teórica nos tópicos feministas da atualidade.
A política da voz e do dizer segundo Adriana Cavarero
Authors: Dias Thiago
Published: January 2022

Um dos objetivos deste artigo é apresentar a relação entre política e palavra proposta por Adriana Cavarero em "Vozes plurais". Sob influência declarada de Hannah Arendt, Cavarero coloca a singularidade no centro de seu pensamento, e o segundo objetivo deste artigo é mostrar que a singularidade é uma ideia chave para a crítica do patriarcado. Uma análise fina de Platão e Aristóteles mostra que eles dividiram o logos em um aspecto sonoro e um aspecto lógico e, ato contínuo, soterraram a voz sob o semântico estabelecendo uma hierarquia que marcaria toda a tradição. A diferença de gênero se uniria a esta hierarquia, pois a tradição atribuiria a voz à mulher e o semântico ao homem. Carnal, sensual e particular, a voz e a mulher se mantiveram à sombra do espiritual, racional e universal garantidos pelo homem e seu logos sem voz. Em um passo adicional, Cavarero apresenta uma fenomenologia vocálica da unicidade a fim de mostrar que a voz porta a singularidade humana. Diante disto, faz-se necessário reconduzir a palavra à sua raiz vocálica, especificamente acústica e tradicionalmente feminina, a fim de elaborar uma política pós-patriarcal.
Apresentação do dossiê II Encontro do GT Filosofia e Gênero
Authors: Ramos Silvana de Souza , Blaud Clêmie Ferreira
Published: January 2022

Apresentação do dossiê II Encontro do GT Filosofia e Gênero
Levantados do chão, portadores de utopias: migração como processo social multidimensional
Authors: Pereira José Carlos A.
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo pretende sumarizar algumas questões práticas, teóricas e metodológicas que expressam o caráter de processo social multidimensional da migração. Tais questões dizem respeito ao vínculo entre migração, colonização e trabalho; os arranjos políticos e econômicos entre países e migrantes que forjam novas rotas e fluxos migratórios, deslocando o tradicional eixo da migração Sul – Norte para novas perspectivas migratórias como a Sul – Sul; a capacidade de respostas dos migrantes e suas associações frente a negação de direitos e a precariedade de serviços públicos que poderiam viabilizar o seu acolhimento e dignidade. Sem a pretensão de esgotar as questões sumarizadas, o texto aponta para a possibilidade, duplamente utópica e concreta, dos migrantes e suas organizações como portadores de intercâmbios socioculturais e democráticos.
“Communist Muslims”
Authors: Klimentov Vassily A.
Published: January 2022

Soviet leaders sent troops into Afghanistan in December 1979 to support a friendly Marxist-Leninist regime in its conflict against a popular insurgency and help it build a new society. When the Soviet troops withdrew nine years later, they left behind a state that had none of the nominal characteristics of a Soviet-type Communist country. During the war, the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan had discarded Marxism-Leninism and turned to Islam. This article examines how, with Moscow's support, the Afghan Communists Islamicized their discourse and policies as they tried to gain support from the population and co-opt insurgent fighters.
“The Voice of Your Wife”: Why an Ancient Interpreter Chose to Voice Eve with a Testament
Authors: Chapman Cynthia R.
Published: January 2022

Eve’s Testament (Greek Life of Adam and Eve 15–30) contains an expansive first-person retelling of the Eden narrative in which an elder Eve remembers her younger self calling to Adam “with a loud voice” and saying, “listen to me!” She then admits that when she opened her mouth, “the Devil was speaking,” and she was able to quickly persuade her husband to eat of the forbidden fruit. The unparalleled decision of an ancient author to voice the primordial woman with a testament builds exegetically on a textual problem in Gen 3:17 where YHWH Elohim punishes the man for “listening to the voice of his wife” when the woman never spoke to the man in Gen 2–3. Eve’s Testament provides the missing voice of Adam’s wife, and through it, we learn how the devil used her voice to get Adam “cast out of Paradise.”
The Role of UN Documentation in Shaping Narratives at the International Criminal Court and the Implications for the Rights of the Accused
Authors: Herzberg Anne
Published: January 2022

The International Criminal Court (icc) is an independent treaty-based international organisation acting in close cooperation with the United Nations (UN). To that end, organs of the Court have extensively relied on UN documentation in proceedings. These materials have been used to support grounds for the exercise of jurisdiction, demonstrate legal elements of crimes, and prove matters of fact. In recent practice, including in the situations of Palestine, Bangladesh/Myanmar, and Mali, UN materials have been used to establish legal and factual matters on the primary basis that they represent the ‘views of the international community’. This paper examines the ways in which Court organs rely on UN documentation in icc proceedings. It assesses the interplay of such information with rights of the accused. The paper concludes that in order to safeguard its credibility and the fairness of the proceedings, the Court should adopt specific guidelines relating to the evaluation of and admissibility of UN materials.
Technolegal Expulsions: Platform Food Delivery Workers and Work Regulations in Colombia
Authors: Sanchez Vargas Derly Yohanna , Maldonado Castañeda Oscar Javier , Hernández Mabel Rocío
Published: January 2022

Precariousness of the Colombian urban economy provides an ecosystem for the development and expansion of digital platforms, intersecting informal working relations with digital surveillance. Reconstructing legal obstacles to gaining recognition as legal and formal workers, it is argued that platforms have assembled a techno-legal network which translates discussions about workers’ rights into the less regulated arena of information and communication technologies. The role of ‘regulatory displacement’ is examined to analyse the evolution of digital platforms for food delivery workers. Drawing on a review of the regulation of it and labour, discussed in Congress in 2017–2018, we explore the regulatory expulsions that digital workers experience, analysing this information with a grounded theory approach, in which we have followed discursive patterns that emerge from legal documents. Addressing this strategic use of the law is key to understanding and overcoming obstacles that platform workers face in their attempts to organize in the Global South.
Platform Worker Organising at Deliveroo in the UK: From Wildcat Strikes to Building Power
Authors: Woodcock Jamie , Cant Callum
Published: January 2022

It has been five years since the first strikes of Deliveroo workers in London in 2016. Since then, workers have continued to organise. The campaigns have involved five different aspects: first, wildcat strike action; second, networks and internationalisation; third, union organising with the Independent Workers Union of Great Britain (iwgb); fourth, legal campaigning; and fifth, wider leverage campaigns. What is less understood so far is the different strengths and weaknesses of these aspects, and how they have contributed to the build of workers’ self-organisation and power at Deliveroo. This article explores the different aspects and considers the effectiveness of each. It concludes by considering what can be learned from these struggles for the understanding of platform work and trade union organising today.
Emerging Platform Work in the Context of the Regulatory Loophole (The Uber Fiasco in Hungary)
Authors: Makó Csaba , Illéssy Miklós , Pap József , Nosratabadi Saeed
Published: January 2022

Platform works are swiftly turning into a big, perhaps game-changing force in the labor market. From low-skilled, low-paid services (like passenger transport) to high-skilled, high-paying project-based labor (like developing artificial intelligence algorithms), digital platforms can handle a wide range of tasks. Our paper discusses the platform-based content, working conditions, employment status, and advocacy problems. Terminological and methodological problems are dealt with in-depth in the course of the literature review, together with the ‘gray areas’ of work and employment regulation. To examine some of the complex dynamics of this fast-evolving arena, we focus on the unsuccessful market entry of the digital platform company Uber in Hungary 2016 and the relationship to institutional-regulatory platform-based work standards. Dilemmas about the enforcement of labor law regarding platform-based work are also paid special attention to the study. Employing a digital workforce is a challenge not only for labor law regulation but also for stakeholder advocacy.
A new replacing name for Andropogon decipiens (Campbell) E. Bridges & Orzell (Poaceae: Andropogoneae)
Authors: DESHMUKH UMAKANT BHOOPATI , SHENDE MUKUND BAPURAO , REDDY EANGUWAR SRINIVAS
Published: January 2022

N/A
Qarounispora grandiappendiculata gen. et sp. nov. (Halosphaeriaceae, Microascales) from Qaroun Lake, Egypt
Authors: NOUREL-DIN ALI A. H. , ABDEL-AZIZ FATEN A. , ABDEL-WAHAB MOHAMED A.
Published: January 2022

An ascomycete collected from wood submerged in Qaroun Lake, El-Faiyum governorate, Egypt, is described as a new genus in the family Halosphaeriaceae. Multigene analyses based on LSU, SSU and ITS rDNA placed the new fungus as a distinct branch within the family. The new genus is characterized by its yellow to orange-brown ascomata, thin-walled, semi-persistent asci, hyaline to yellow-orange, thick-walled, distoseptate ascospores with one polar appendage that is amorphous in structure, large in size and irregular in shape.
One new genus and three new species of the Penenirmus-complex (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from China, with resurrection of Picophilopterus Ansari, 1947
Authors: GUSTAFSSON DANIEL R. , ADAM COSTICĂ , ZOU FASHENG
Published: January 2022

Three new species of chewing lice of the Penenirmus-complex (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) are described and illustrated from woodpeckers (Picidae) and barbets (Megalaimidae) occurring in China. They are: Picophilopterus blythipici new species from Blythipicus pyrrhotis sinensis (Rickett, 1897), Laimoloima ruiliensis new genus, new species from Psilopogon asiaticus asiaticus (Latham, 1790), and Laimoloima tandani new genus, new species from Psilopogon virens virens (Boddaert, 1783). In addition, we provide illustrations of Picophilopterus pici sensu lato ex Picus canus sordidior (Rippon, 1906), and we present evidence that justifies resurrecting the genus Picophilopterus Ansari, 1947 to include the species infesting woodpeckers and Neotropical barbets (Capitonidae). Also, we erect the new genus Laimoloima to include the species from Asian barbets (Megalaimidae). The taxonomic position of Penenirmus species from African barbets (Lybiidae) and honeyguides (Indicatoridae) is unresolved. An updated checklist of the species in the Penenirmus-complex parasitic on non-passeriform hosts is provided, including species of the genus Turnicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938.
Coalescence and Secondary Ice Development in Cumulus Congestus Clouds
Authors: Lawson R. Paul , Bruintjes Roelof , Woods Sarah , Gurganus Colin
Published: January 2022

Understanding ice development in cumulus congestus (CuCg) clouds, which are ubiquitous globally, is critical for improving our knowledge of cloud physics, precipitation and climate prediction models. Results presented here are representative of data collected in 1008 penetrations of moderate to strong updrafts in CuCg clouds by five research aircraft in six geographic locations. The results show that CuCg with warm (∼23°C) cloud-base temperatures, such as in tropical marine environments, experience a strong collision–coalescence process. Development of coalescence is also correlated with drop effective radius >∼12 to 14μm in diameter. Increasing the cloud-base drop concentration with diameters from 15 to 35μm and decreasing the drop concentration < 15μm appears to enhance coalescence. While the boundary layer aerosol population is not a determinate factor in development of coalescence in most tropical marine environments, its impact on coalescence is not yet fully determined. Some supercooled large drops generated via coalescence fracture when freezing, producing a secondary ice process (SIP) with production of copious small ice particles that naturally seed the cloud. The SIP produces an avalanche effect, freezing the majority of supercooled liquid water before fresh updrafts reach the −16°C level. Conversely, CuCg with cloud-base temperatures ≤ ∼8°C develop significant concentrations of ice particles at colder temperatures, so that small supercooled water drops are lofted to higher elevations before freezing. Recirculation of ice in downdrafts at the edges of updrafts appears to be the primary mechanism for development of precipitation in CuCg with colder cloud-base temperatures.

Significance Statement

Cumulus congestus clouds occur globally and account for a significant amount of precipitation in the tropics. The physics underlying the warm rain process and development of ice in cumulus congestus clouds are fundamental to a better understanding of precipitation formation. The collected data show that the strength of collision–coalescence is strongly influenced by cloud-base temperature, and that millimeter-diameter supercooled cloud drops will form in convective clouds with base temperatures warmer than 20°C. When supercooled large drops form, there is a secondary ice process that rapidly freezes the large majority of supercooled cloud water before updrafts reach the −16°C level. Incorporating results from the observations will improve cloud-resolving and climate prediction models.
Sustaining the Use of Evidence-Based Tier 1 Literacy Practices That Benefit Students With Disabilities
Authors: Wexler Jade , Swanson Elizabeth , Shelton Alexandra , Kurz Leigh Ann , Bray Laura , Hogan Erin
Published: January 2022

The adoption and sustainability of evidence-based Tier 1 literacy practices in secondary content-area classes is important to improve reading success for students with learning disabilities. We conducted an exploratory multiple-case study investigating teachers’ adoption and sustained use of evidence-based Tier 1 literacy practices that benefit students with learning disabilities. The study was conducted within the context of an adolescent literacy model demonstration project funded by the U.S. Office of Special Education Programs (i.e., Promoting Adolescents’ Comprehension of Text [PACT] Plus). Interviews were conducted with two administrators and seven teachers who sustained implementation of the PACT practices beyond 1 year of researcher support. Analyses revealed practice and school-level factors that influenced teachers’ sustained use of the practices. We used findings from this study to propose a model of sustainability of Tier 1 evidence-based literacy practices used to improve outcomes for students with learning disabilities. Limitations and implications for future research are provided.
Spotlight on the traveller: Individual experiences of routine journeys
Authors: Pooley Colin
Published: January 2022

All travel generates a range of feelings, responses and emotions that can be stimulated by many factors but recovering such responses to everyday travel in the past is difficult. Few conventional sources provide information on the travellers’ experiences of movement and, not surprisingly, most transport histories focus mainly on matters of infrastructure, usage, and technological change. In contrast, contemporary mobilities studies that can talk directly to those who travel do explore the lived experiences of mobility in some detail. This paper shows how, by using a range of life writing drawn from the nineteenth- and twentieth-century Britain, it is possible to begin to recover at least some of the feelings and responses that past travellers experienced. I argue that such an approach provides an important additional perspective to research in transport history.
Studying the Emotional Costs of Integration at Times of Change: The Case of EU Migrants in Brexit Britain
Authors: Zontini Elisabetta , Genova Elena
Published: January 2022

Events such as Brexit have drawn attention to the precarity of contemporary migrants’ settlement rights and reopened the debate on the nature of integration and assimilation processes. Drawing on participant observation and interviews with Italian and Bulgarian migrants in Brexit Britain, this article develops a novel approach for understanding migrants’ changing relationships with their countries of settlement and their current and future practices. This approach builds on the sociology of emotions, which it extends to migration and diversity with a transnational sensibility. The approach is then applied to explain the different displays of emotion undertaken by our participants and their consequences. Overall, the article develops a new way to examine the subjective experiences of integration at times of change that is capable of offering important insights into the emotional costs of the neo-assimilationist climate characterising several western societies.
Early Intervention to Preschool Transition for Children Who Are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing: A TEAM Approach
Authors: Davenport Carrie A. , Weir Joan
Published: January 2022

Parents, teachers, and administrators report concerns and challenges related to the transition from early intervention (EI) to preschool for children who are deaf/hard-of-hearing. The goal of the current article is to assist teachers, administrators, and specialists involved in the transition of a young child who is deaf/hard-of-hearing from EI into preschool. The TEAM approach involves Transition planning, establishing an Educational team, determining and providing appropriate Accommodations, and Making connections for continued success. Although the TEAM approach may apply to all young children transitioning, the focus of this article is on addressing the unique needs of this particular population. Recommendations and resources are provided.
Effective prediction model for preventing postoperative deep vein thrombosis during bladder cancer treatment
Authors: Liu Xing , Xu Abai , Huang Jingwen , Shen Haiyan , Liu Yazhen
Published: January 2022

Objective

To begin to understand how to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after an innovative operation termed intracorporeal laparoscopic reconstruction of detenial sigmoid neobladder, we explored the factors that influence DVT following surgery, with the aim of constructing a model for predicting DVT occurrence.

Methods

This retrospective study included 151 bladder cancer patients who underwent intracorporeal laparoscopic reconstruction of detenial sigmoid neobladder. Data describing general clinical characteristics and other common parameters were collected and analyzed. Thereafter, we generated model evaluation curves and finally cross-validated their extrapolations.

Results

Age and body mass index were risk factors for DVT, whereas postoperative use of hemostatic agents and postoperative passive muscle massage were significant protective factors. Model evaluation curves showed that the model had high accuracy and little bias. Cross-validation affirmed the accuracy of our model.

Conclusion

The prediction model constructed herein was highly accurate and had little bias; thus, it can be used to predict the likelihood of developing DVT after surgery.
Congressional oversight and electoral accountability
Authors: Bussing Austin , Pomirchy Michael
Published: January 2022

Legislative oversight allows Congress to investigate potential wrongdoing by executive branch actors. We present a model in which an incumbent exercises oversight and chooses to take corrective action against the executive before going up for reelection. We show that partisan types who prefer to take corrective action regardless of the probability of wrongdoing will always conduct oversight, but sincere types who only want to correct legitimate wrongdoing will exercise restraint to avoid appearing too partisan and losing reelection. The model also shows that oversight is increasing in the probability that the incumbent is partisan and the probability that the challenger is sincere. Finally, we present two case studies, the Elián González custody case and the attack on the Benghazi embassy, to illustrate our theory.
Effects of ECAE process on the fatigue crack growth rate of copper metal
Authors: Rezaei Eslam , Abbasi Kaveh , Pourhamid Reza
Published: January 2022

In this study, the effects of the number of passes performed by the Equal Channel Angular Extrusion as a severe plastic deformation process on copper metal's microstructure and mechanical properties, especially its resistance to fatigue crack growth, have been investigated. The experimental results show that as the number of processes passes increases, the copper metal grains become finer and as a result less stress is concentrated at the starting points of the fatigue fracture, which delays the fracture. For example, after performing 8 ECAE process passes, the threshold values of fatigue crack growth increases by 113.2% relative to the base metal. Moreover, as the grains become smaller, the number of grains and consequently the number of grain boundaries will increase and thus more obstacles will be placed in the way of crack growth. Also, the SEM images indicate that many fine and equiaxed dimples in processed copper become smaller as the number of passes increases. This shows that finer and more equiaxed grains will be obtained by repeating the ECAE process and thus repeating the occurrence of recrystallization. It was cleared that this process improves the mechanical properties of the copper other than the failure strain. However, by increasing the number of process passes, this problem can be significantly reduced.

Highlights The fine grains considerably delay the fatigue fracture By ECAE process, the threshold value of fatigue crack growth increases by 113.2% All zones resulting from fatigue fracture are recognizable in fractured ECAE sample The SEM images indicate that a ductile failure has occurred in the tensile samples
Trends and Determinants of FDI with Implications of COVID-19 in BRICS
Authors: Chattopadhyay Arup Kumar , Rakshit Debdas , Chatterjee Payel , Paul Ananya
Published: January 2022

Foreign direct investment (FDI) movement to any country is recognized as an important criterion for economic strength and potentiality. Hence, the present study analyzes the motives of FDI inflows through the determinants and channels, namely horizontal or vertical FDIs and the impact of COVID-19 on FDI Inflows in BRICS countries during the period 1990–2020. The Kinked Exponential (deterministic) trend, and Zivot and Andrew’s trend equations are applied for the growth analysis of FDI inflows. Regarding the estimation of channels of FDI inflows in terms of horizontal, vertical, and hybrid motivations, dynamic panel data analysis using GMM for BRICS economies together and ARDL-PMG for individual countries is made. The findings show significantly positive growth in FDI inflows in all BRICS countries except India during the first decade of the present century. After that, these countries have experienced either significantly or insignificantly declining trends, except India, where the trend has significantly increased during this later period. From the overall analysis, we see that both horizontal and vertical motivations play a dominant role in determining FDI inflows for the BRICS countries. However, from country-wise estimations, it is observed that both horizontal and vertical motives are dominant factors for FDI inflows to India and Russia. In contrast, the horizontal motive of it is significant for China. For Brazil and South Africa, no motive behind FDI inflows appears significant. The pandemic situation significantly impacts attracting FDI in Brazil, while it remains insensitive in the rest of the BRICS countries. The findings reveal that FDI determinants are country-specific. So, the BRICS countries can design proper FDI policy and adopt more reforms in attracting FDI that may help improve their economic situation.
Using Implementation Science Active Implementation Frameworks to Implement an Instructional Framework to Increase Teacher Capacity for Instructional Access for Students With Disabilities
Authors: Murphy Hardy , Cole Sandi , Fischman Lucy
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the use of the Active Implementation Frameworks (AIF; Fixsen et al., 2005; Fixsen & Blasé, 2011) in a grant-funded project to implement the use of Universal Design for Learning as an instructional intervention to improve the access to quality instruction for students with disabilities. The discussion is based upon data specific to the AIF Implementation Drivers that facilitate and ensure the success of initiatives. The data illustrate the extent that characteristics of the respective schools and districts participating in the project impacted the fidelity of implementation processes and their associated outcomes.
A periodic adaptive current controller for torque ripple reduction in uncertain permanent magnet synchronous motor drives
Authors: Adıgüzel Fatih , Türker Türker
Published: January 2022

This paper addresses an adaptive control approach to achieve high-performance response in phase currents and to minimize torque ripples in uncertain permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. In this manner, the electrical part of the permanent magnet synchronous motor drive is considered completely uncertain by taking the inherent characteristic of the parameters into account. A periodic adaptive controller is formulated in order to achieve the torque ripple reduction in the presence of the time-varying periodic uncertainties. In the sense that the periodic uncertainties appearing in permanent magnet synchronous motor drives change by the angular position, a change of the time variable is applied in the formulation of the proposed adaptive controller, and the stability analysis is conducted accordingly utilizing a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. Extensive numerical simulations are successfully performed for various operation points to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Counterfactual Definition of a Program Effect
Authors: Reichardt Charles S.
Published: January 2022

Evaluators are often called upon to assess the effects of programs. To assess a program effect, evaluators need a clear understanding of how a program effect is defined. Arguably, the most widely used definition of a program effect is the counterfactual one. According to the counterfactual definition, a program effect is the difference between what happened after the program was implemented and what would have happened if the program had not been implemented, but everything else had been the same. Such a definition is often said to be linked to the use of quantitative methods. But the definition can be used just as effectively with qualitative methods. To demonstrate its broad applicability in both qualitative and quantitative research, I show how the counterfactual definition undergirds seven common approaches to assessing effects. It is not clear how any alternative to the counterfactual definition is as generally applicable as the counterfactual definition.
PIK3CA Mutations in Diffuse Gliomas: An Update on Molecular Stratification, Prognosis, Recurrence, and Aggressiveness
Authors: Brito Cheila , Tomás Ana , Azevedo Ana , Esteves Susana , Mafra Manuela , Roque Lúcia , Pojo Marta
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

PIK3CA is one of the most mutated oncogenes in solid tumors. In breast cancer (ER-positive, HER2-negative), these events represent a predictive biomarker of response to alpelisib. In glioblastomas (GBM), PIK3CA mutations were described as early constitutive events. Here, we investigated PIK3CA mutational profile across glioma molecular subgroups and its relevance during glioma recurrence. Furthermore, PIK3CA mutations’ effect in PI3K pathway, prognosis, and response to therapy was also explored.

Material and Methods:

Exons 10 and 21 of PIK3CA mutations were evaluated in 394 gliomas and 19 glioma recurrences from Instituto Português de Oncologia Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG) and compared with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. TIMER2.0 and NetMHCpan4.1 were used to assess the immune-microenvironment contribution.

Results:

PIK3CA mutations were identified among all glioma subgroups, although with no impact on their stratification or prognosis. In both cohorts (IPOLFG and TCGA), PIK3CA mutation frequencies in IDH-mutant and IDH-wild-type GBM were similar (IPOLFG: 9% and 3%; TCGA: 8% and 2%). These mutations were not mutually exclusive with PTEN deletion and EGFR amplification. Despite their reduced frequency, we discovered PIK3CA mutations were maintained during glioma recurrence regardless of administered therapies. The immune microenvironment might not contribute to this phenotype as PIK3CA mutations did not influence immune cell infiltration.

Conclusions:

Despite the absence of a predominant effect in glioma stratification, PIK3CA mutations were maintained during glioma recurrence, possibly contributing to glioma cell survival, representing promising therapeutic targets in recurrent glioma. Nevertheless, understanding the potential synergistic effects between PIK3CA mutations, PTEN deletion, and EGFR amplification is pivotal to targeted therapies’ efficiency.
Adaptation models, barriers, and facilitators for cultural safety in telepsychiatry: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Ruiz-Cosignani Daniela , Chen Yan , Cheung Gary , Lawrence Mark , Lyndon Mataroria P , Ma’u Etuini , Ramalho Rodrigo
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Indigenous peoples, and racial and ethnic minorities around the world experience significant mental health inequities. Telepsychiatry can contribute to addressing these inequities among these populations. However, it is first crucial to ensure the cultural safety of this tool as a critical step toward health equity. This review aimed to collate evidence regarding cultural adaptations, barriers, opportunities, and facilitators for telepsychiatry services supporting minority groups. Method: Using the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline, we conducted a systematic scoping review and thematic analysis. Six databases were searched using the PICO framework, i.e., population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes.. Additional literature was identified through reference lists screening. We developed a table for data extraction, and the extracted data were further analyzed following Braun and Clarke's approach for thematic analysis. Results: A total of 1514 citations were screened with a final total of 58 articles included in the review. The themes related to telepsychiatry cultural adaptations emphasize the crucial role of community involvement and quality service delivery. Identified barriers were associated with service and infrastructure, and service users’ socioeconomic and cultural contexts. Opportunities and facilitators for telepsychiatry were enhanced access and rapport, and multi-organizational collaborations and partnerships. Discussion: This review identified factors that can guide the adaptation of telepsychiatry evidence-based interventions to meet the needs of Indigenous peoples and racial and ethnic minorities. Telepsychiatry programs must be specifically designed for the population they seek to serve, and this review offers emerging insights into critical factors to consider in their development.
Tracking sentiments toward fat acceptance over a decade on Twitter
Authors: Bograd Sadie , Chen Benjamin , Kavuluru Ramakanth
Published: January 2022

The fat acceptance (FA) movement aims to counteract weight stigma and discrimination against individuals who are overweight/obese. We developed a supervised neural network model to classify sentiment toward the FA movement in tweets and identify links between FA sentiment and various Twitter user characteristics. We collected any tweet containing either “fat acceptance” or “#fatacceptance” from 2010–2019 and obtained 48,974 unique tweets. We independently labeled 2000 of them and implemented/trained an Average stochastic gradient descent Weight-Dropped Long Short-Term Memory (AWD-LSTM) neural network that incorporates transfer learning from language modeling to automatically identify each tweet’s stance toward the FA movement. Our model achieved nearly 80% average precision and recall in classifying “supporting” and “opposing” tweets. Applying this model to the complete dataset, we observed that the majority of tweets at the beginning of the last decade supported FA, but sentiment trended downward until 2016, when support was at its lowest. Overall, public sentiment is negative across Twitter. Users who tweet more about FA or use FA-related hashtags are more supportive than general users. Our findings reveal both challenges to and strengths of the modern FA movement, with implications for those who wish to reduce societal weight stigma.
Review of Michael N. Mitchell’s Interpreting and Visualizing Regression Models Using Stata, Second Edition
Authors: MacIsaac Angela , Weaver Bruce
Published: January 2022

In this article, we review Interpreting and Visualizing Regression Models Using Stata, Second Edition, by Michael N. Mitchell (2021, Stata Press).
If you build it, will they come? Assessing coaches’ perceptions of a sport psychology website
Authors: Farhat Jade , Deck Sarah , Mitchell Marc , Hall Craig , Law Barbi , Gregg Melanie , Pope J. Paige , Nelson Ferguson Kendra
Published: January 2022

Sport psychology has become widely applied in coaching practices to assist in athletic success. Despite the increased use, there is a lack of evidence-based sport psychology information available to coaches in the form of informal sources. The aim of this study was to conduct a pilot test to explore coaches’ perceptions and use of an evidence-based sport psychology website. Eight coaches participated in semi-structured interviews. Based on engagement, five of the coaches’ data was analyzed using thematic analysis on their experiences and revealed two main themes, website use and website enhancements. The remaining three coaches’ data was analyzed for their reasons for having limited engagement with the website and used to help identify ways it could be enhanced. In general, coaches perceived the website to be a reliable source that offered practical information (e.g. worksheets) that could be used directly with athletes, and was perceived as easy to navigate and to access information. There were, importantly, various improvements suggested for the website including delivery modality and guides for navigating the order for reading the information. This study offers evidence on the value of online resources in providing coaches with informal and evidence-based sport psychology learning opportunities, and also addresses a number of barriers to engagement as insight for website developers.
Computer simulation of the reliability of the heat exchange surface of the steam turbine condenser
Authors: Łukaszewski Krzysztof Bernard
Published: January 2022

The aim of the article is to demonstrate the relationship between the adaptive regulation of the heat exchange surface to specific operating conditions of a steam turbine condenser and the reliability and availability of this surface in a specific period of time. The article exemplifies the relationship between the settings of the condenser heat exchange surface and the resulting changes in the reliability structures of this surface. The method of creating a mathematical model of reliability estimation, which is characterized by the variability of the reliability structures of the heat exchange surface in relation to specific operating conditions in a specific period of time, was indicated. Then, exemplary simulations of the adaptation of reliability structures of specific pipe systems constituting the condenser’s heat exchange surface to specific processes of operation of this condenser are presented. The simulations refer to the time-varying thermal loads of the condenser, the time-varying mean thickness of the sediments, and changes in the temperature of the cooling water at the point of its intake over time. The adaptation of certain reliability structures consists in the adaptation of specific systems of pipes through which the cooling water flows to the currently existing operating conditions of the condenser in order to maintain the desired reliability of the heat exchange surface for a specified time. This is done by enabling or disabling the flow of cooling water through a given number of pipes in specific systems under given operating conditions. On the basis of computer simulations, the reliability functions, and the availability functions of the subsystem under consideration were estimated.
Large full-thickness wounded skin regeneration using 3D-printed elastic scaffold with minimal functional unit of skin
Authors: Chang Peng , Li Shijie , Sun Qian , Guo Kai , Wang Heran , Li Song , Zhang Liming , Xie Yongbao , Zheng Xiongfei , Liu Yunhui
Published: January 2022

Traditional tissue engineering skin are composed of living cells and natural or synthetic scaffold. Besize the time delay and the risk of contamination involved with cell culture, the lack of autologous cell source and the persistence of allogeneic cells in heterologous grafts have limited its application. This study shows a novel tissue engineering functional skin by carrying minimal functional unit of skin (MFUS) in 3D-printed polylactide-co-caprolactone (PLCL) scaffold and collagen gel (PLCL + Col + MFUS). MFUS is full-layer micro skin harvested from rat autologous tail skin. 3D-printed PLCL elastic scaffold has the similar mechanical properties with rat skin which provides a suitable environment for MFUS growing and enhances the skin wound healing. Four large full-thickness skin defects with 30 mm diameter of each wound are created in rat dorsal skin, and treated either with tissue engineering functional skin (PLCL + Col + MFUS), or with 3D-printed PLCL scaffold and collagen gel (PLCL + Col), or with micro skin islands only (Micro skin), or without treatment (Normal healing). The wound treated with PLCL + Col + MFUS heales much faster than the other three groups as evidenced by the fibroblasts migration from fascia to the gap between the MFUS dermis layer, and functional skin with hair follicles and sebaceous gland has been regenerated. The PLCL + Col treated wound heals faster than normal healing wound, but no skin appendages formed in PLCL + Col-treated wound. The wound treated with micro skin islands heals slower than the wounds treated either with tissue engineering skin (PLCL + Col + MFUS) or with PLCL + Col gel. Our results provide a new strategy to use autologous MFUS instead “seed cells” as the bio-resource of engineering skin for large full-thickness skin wound healing.