bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Copper(I) π‐Complexes with 2‐Butyne‐1,4‐diol. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Na[CuCl2(HOCH2C≡CCH2OH)]·2H2O
Authors: Slyvka Yu. , Kinzhybalo V. , Lis T. , Mykhalitchko B. , Mys'kiv M.
Published: March 2008

Crystals of anionic Na[CuCl2(HOCH2C≡CCH2OH)]·2H2O π‐complex have been synthesized by interaction of 2‐butyne‐1,4‐diol with CuCl in a concentrated aqueous NaCl solution and characterized by X‐ray diffraction at 100 K. The crystals are triclinic: space group $P{\bar 1}$, a = 7.142(3), b = 7.703(3), c = 10.425(4) Å, α = 105.60(3), β = 99.49(3), γ = 110.43(3)°, V = 495.9(4) Å3, Z = 2, R = 0.0203 for 3496 reflections. The structure is built of discrete [CuCl2(HOCH2C≡CCH2OH)]− anionic stacks and polymeric $\rm [Na^{+}(H_{2}O)_{2}]_{\infty}$ cations among the stacks. The CuI atom adopts trigonal planar coordination of two Cl− anions and the C≡C bond of 2‐butyne‐1,4‐diol, Cu–(C≡C) distance is equal to 1.903(3) Å. Na+ cations environment is octahedral and consists of O and Cl atoms. The crystal packing is governed by strong hydrogen bonds of O–H···Cl and O–H···O types.
Metal Derivatives of 1,3‐Imidazolidine‐2‐thione with Divalent d10 Metal Ions (Zn–Hg) : Synthesis and Structures
Authors: Lobana Tarlok S. , Sharma Renu , Sharma Rekha , Sultana Razia , Butcher R. J.
Published: March 2008

Reactions of divalent Zn‐Hg metal ions with 1,3‐imidazolidine‐2‐thione (imdtH2) in 1 : 2 molar ratio have formed monomeric complexes, [Zn(η1‐S‐imdtH2)2(OAc)2] (1), [Cd((η1‐SimdtH2)2I2] (2), [Cd(η1‐S‐imdtH2)2Br2] (3), and [Hg(η1‐S‐imdtH2)2I2] (4). Complexes 1–4, have been characterized by elemental analysis (C, H, N), spectroscopy (IR, 1H, NMR) and x‐ray crystallography (1‐4). Hydrogen bonding between oxygen of acetate and imino hydrogen of ligand, {N(2)–H(2C)···O(2)#} in 1, ring CH and imino hydrogen, {C(2A)–H(2A)···Br(2)#} in 3 have formed H‐bonded dimers. Similarly, the interactions between molecular units of complexes 2 and 4 have yielded 2D polymers. The polymerization occurs via intermolecular interactions between thione sulfur and imino hydrogen, {N(2)–H(2)···S(1)#}, imino hydrogen and the iodine atom, {NH(1)···I(2)#} in 2 and imino hydrogen – iodine atom {N(2A)–H(2A)···I(2)} and I···I interaction in 4. Crystal data: [Zn(η1‐S‐imdtH2)2(OAc)2] (1), C10H18N4O4S2Zn, orthorhombic, Pbcn, a = 9.3854(7) Å, b = 12.4647(10) Å, c = 13.2263(11) Å; V = 1547.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R = 0.0280 [Cd((η1‐S‐imdtH2)2I2] (2), C6H12CdI2N4S2, orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 13.8487(10) Å, b = 14.4232(11) Å, c = 7.0659(5) Å; Z = 4, V = 1411.36(18) Å3, R = 0.0186.
Unexpected Coordination Modes of the Tris(imidazolyl)phosphane Oxide Ligand 4‐TIPOiPr in the Chloro Complexes of Zinc, Cobalt and Nickel
Authors: Kunz Peter C. , Zribi Alya , Frank Walter , Kläui Wolfgang
Published: March 2008

The coordination chemistry of the water soluble phosphane oxide ligand tris[2‐isopropylimidazol‐4(5)‐yl]phosphane oxide, 4‐TIPOiPr, has been explored. A variety of 3d‐metal halide complexes have been prepared and the crystal structures of the solvates [(4‐TIPOiPr)ZnCl2]·MeOH·1/2dioxane (1·MeOH·1/2dioxane), [(4‐TIPOiPr)CoCl2]·H2O·2dioxane (2·H2O·2dioxane) and [(4‐TIPOiPr)2Ni(MeOH)2]Cl2·2MeOH (3·2MeOH) have been determined. All three structures show unprecedented coordination modes of the 4‐TIPOiPr ligand. Both zinc and cobalt complexes are coordinated in a bidentate κ2N fashion, whereas the nickel atom is coordinated by two ligands in a κN,O mode using one imidazolyl substituent and the P=O oxygen atom.
Synthese und Untersuchung von kohlenstoff‐ und stickstoffzentrierten (Z) trigonal‐prismatischen Wolframclustern des Formeltyps A[W6ZCl18]
Authors: Weisser Martina , Burgert Ralf , Schnöckel Hansgeorg , Meyer H.‐Jürgen
Published: March 2008

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon‐ and Nitrogen‐Centered (Z) Trigonal Prismatic Tungsten Clusters of the Formula Type A[W6ZCl18]

Solid state reactions of tungsten(IV) chloride and carbodiimides (cyanamides) of lithium, sodium, calcium and silver yielded black crystalline powders of centered (Z) trigonal‐prismatic tungsten cluster compounds having the general formula A[W6ZCl18] with A = Li, Na, Ca, Ag and Z = C, N. Crystal structures of the corresponding compounds were investigated by powder and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The nature of the central atom was studied by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. It turned out that the central atom can be C (in the case of the lithium and sodium compound) or N (in the case of the sodium and calcium compound).
Nickel(II) Complexes with a Hydroxyl Pendant‐Armed Macrocyclic Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures
Authors: Hosseini‐Yazdi Seyed Abolfazl , Khandar Ali Akbar , Azizi Hashem
Published: March 2008

The reactions of different nickel(II) salts with a mixed‐donor macrocyclic ligand L (6,7,8,9,10,11,18,19‐octahydro‐5H, 17H‐dibenzo[f,o][1,5,9,13] dioxadiazacyclohexadecin‐18‐ol), potentially pentadentate N2O3 donor sets containing one pendant alcohol function have been investigated. The physical properties and the chemical structures of 1:1 (metal:ligand) NiLX2 (X = Cl−, Br−, NO3−, ClO4−) complexes have been characterized by using IR, UV‐Vis spectroscopy and conductance measurements. The X‐ray determination have been employed to probe the nature of the respective complexes in solid state. The nickel atom in [NiL(NO3)]NO3·0.5H2O complex is six‐coordinate with a distorted octahedral coordination in which the all N2O3 donor atoms are coordinated to the nickel atom. The coordination sphere is completed by a nitrate anion. In contrast to the above nickel complex, in [NiLCl2] complex the pendant hydroxyl arm of macrocycle remains uncoordinated and ligand acts as tetradentate N2O2 donor atoms. The coordination sphere is completed by two chloride anions and the nickel atom is six‐coordinate with a distorted octahedral coordination.
Pertechnetyl Fluorosulfate, [TcO3]+[SO3F]−
Authors: Supeł Joanna , Hagenbach Adelheid , Abram U. , Seppelt Konrad
Published: March 2008

A one step synthesis of [TcO3]+[SO3F]− is reported. The compound is volatile at room temperature and has according to calculations a tetrahedral coordination around Tc and a monodentate SO3F group. In the solid state the [SO3F]− anion bridges three [TcO3]+ cations, and vice versa. Space group P21/c, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at 173 K: a = 695.4(11), b = 808.6(12), c = 893.3(14) pm, β = 97.36(8)°.
Syntheses, Structures and Luminescent Properties of Metal Complexes with Imidazole‐Containing Polyamine Ligand
Authors: Lu Yi , Lu Xi‐Hong , Huang Yong‐Qing , Okamura Taka‐aki , Kong Ling‐Yan , Sun Wei‐Yin , Ueyama Norikazu
Published: March 2008

Four novel metal complexes [Cd(L)Cl](BF4)·H2O (1), [Cd(L)Br]2[CdBr4]·2H2O (2), [Cu(L)Br]Br (3), and [Cu(L)](NO3)2 (4) were prepared by the reactions of ligand N1‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐N1‐(2‐imidazolethyl)‐ethane‐1,2‐diamine (L) with metal salts under different reaction conditions. All of these complexes exhibit 1D chains, but different structures. The results showed that the pH value of the reaction solution and counter ions have remarkable impact on the structure of the complexes. Furthermore, complexes 1 and 2 represent fluorescence properties in the solid state at room temperature.
Self‐Assembly of Polyoxometalate‐Supported Ln‐H nydroxo/Oxo Clusters with 1D Extended Structure: [LnIII(H2O)7Cr(OH)6Mo6O18]n·4nH2O (Ln = Ce, Sm, Eu)
Authors: Shi Dong‐Mei , Ma Feng‐Xia , Zhang Chun‐Jing , Lu Sheng , Chen Ya‐Guang
Published: March 2008

Three novel polyoxometalate compounds consisting of Anderson‐type anions and trivalent lanthanide cations, [Ln(H2O)7Cr(OH)6Mo6O18]n·4nH2O (Ln = Ce 1; Sm 2; Eu 3), have been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, elemental analyses, IR spectra, and TG analyses. Single crystal X‐ray diffractions reveal that the structures of the 1:1 composite compound formed by the heteropolyanion [Cr(OH)6Mo6O18]3− as the building unit and the [Ln(H2O)7]3+ complex fragment as the linker, which exhibit a type of zig‐zag chain with alternating cations and anions through the Mo‐Ot′‐Ln‐Ot′‐Mo linkage in the crystal. The magnetic properties of 1−3 have been studied by measuring their magnetic susceptibility over the temperature range of 2‐300 K. The UV‐vis spectra of 1 give the Mo‐O and CrIII‐O charge transfer transitions at 203 and 543 nm, respectively. In addition, the fluorescent characteristic transition of the Eu3+ ions in compound 3 is reported.
Syntheses, Structures and Magnetic Properties of Two Mixed‐Valent Disc‐like Hepta‐nuclear Compounds of [FeIIFeIII6(tea)6](ClO4)2 and [MnII3MnIII4(nmdea)6(N3)6]·CH3OH (tea = N(CH2CH2O)33−, nmdea = CH3N(CH2CH2O)22−)
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Bing‐Wu , Chen Yi‐Hong , Wang Zhe‐Ming , Gao Song
Published: March 2008

Two mixed‐valent disc‐like hepta‐nuclear compounds of [FeIIFeIII6(tea)6](ClO4)2 (1Fe, tea = N(CH2CH2O)33−) and [MnII3MnIII4(nmdea)6(N3)6]·CH3OH (2Mn, nmdea = CH3N(CH2CH2O)22−) have been synthesized by the reaction of Fe(ClO4)2·6H2O with triethanolamine (H3tea) for the former and reaction of Mn(ClO4)2·6H2O with diethanolamine (H2nmdea) and NaN3 for the later, respectively. 1Fe has the cationic cluster with a planar [FeIIFeIII6] core consisting of one central FeII and six rim FeIII atoms in hexagonal arrangement. The Fe ions are linked by the oxo‐bridges from the alcohol arms in the manner of edge‐sharing of their coordination octahedra. 2Mn is a neutral cluster with a [MnII3MnIII4] core possessing one central MnII atom surrounded by six rim Mn ions, two MnII and four MnIII. The structure is similar to 1Fe but involves six terminal azido ligands, each coordinate one rim Mn ion. 1Fe showed dominant antiferromagnetic interaction within the cluster and long‐range ordering at 2.7 K. The cluster probably has a ground state of low spin of S = 5/2 or 4/2. The long‐range ordering is weak ferromagnetic, showing small hysteresis with a remnant magnetization of 0.3 Nβ and a coercive field of 40 Oe. Moreover, the isofield of lines 1Fe are far from superposition, indicating the presence of significant zero–field splitting. Ferromagnetic interactions are dominant in 2Mn. An intermediate spin ground state 25/2 is observed at low field. In high field of 50 kOe, the energetically lowest state is given by the ms = 31/2 component of the S = 31/2 multiplet due to the Zeeman effect. Despite of the large ground state, no single‐molecule magnet behavior was found above 2 K.
An Unusual Mixed‐Anionic Iodine‐Rich Polyiodide: [Rb(crypt‐2,2,2)]4(I5)2(I8)
Authors: Link Caroline , Pantenburg Ingo , Meyer Gerd
Published: March 2008

Black crystals of [Rb(crypt‐2,2,2)]4(I5)2(I8) were obtained from a dichloromethane/ethanol solution of RbI, I2 and Kryptofix‐2,2,2®. The crystal structure (monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 1250.1(1), b = 2555.2(2), c = 2313.4(3) pm, β = 121.45(1)°, V = 6309.9(11)·106 pm3, Z = 2) consists of [Rb(crypt‐2,2,2)]+ cations leaving three‐dimensional channels for the V‐shaped (I5)− and Z‐shaped (I8)2− anions which are isolated from each other.
Reference Values for the B‐X Bond Lengths of BI3 and BBr3
Authors: Santiso‐Quiñones G. , Krossing I.
Published: March 2008

High‐resolution X‐ray analysis of BI3 and BBr3 single crystals as well as high‐level theoretical calculations agree on accurate but long B‐X bond distances that should be used as future reference to account for their structure, bonding and reactivity.
Dimethylsulfoxid‐Komplexe von Beryllium(II)‐chlorid. Kristallstrukturen von [Be(OSMe2)4]Cl2, [Be(OSMe2)3(H2O)]Cl2 und [Be(OSMe2)2(H2O)2]Cl2
Authors: Neumüller Bernhard , Petz Wolfgang , Dehnicke Kurt
Published: March 2008

Dimethylsulfoxide Complexes of Beryllium(II) Chloride. Crystal Structures of [Be(OSMe2)4]Cl2, [Be(OSMe2)3(H2O)]Cl2 and [Be(OSMe2)2(H2O)2]Cl2

Single crystals of the mixed ligand complexes [Be(OSMe2)3(H2O)]Cl2 (2) and [Be(OSMe2)2(H2O)2]Cl2 (3) were obtained from saturated solutions of [Be(OSMe2)4]Cl2 (1) in acetonitrile and dichloromethane, respectively, in the presence of traces of water, while single crystals of 1 were available by reaction of the carbodiphosphorane complex [BeCl2{C(PPh3)2}] with DMSO/toluene solution. All complexes are characterized by X‐ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy.

1: Space group Pbca, Z = 8, lattice dimensions at 193 K: a = 962.4(1), b = 1888.8(2), c = 2115.8(2) pm, R1 = 0.0344. 1 consists of [Be(OSMe2)4]2+ cations with distorted tetrahedral coordination of the oxygen atoms of the DMSO molecules with Be–O distances of 161.9 pm on average, and chloride ions.

2: Space group $P{\bar 1}$, Z = 2, lattice dimensions at 193 K: a = 903.9(2), b = 925.2(3), c = 1121.3(3) pm, α = 93.65(3)°, β = 108.03(3)°, γ = 115.20(3)°, R1 = 0.0472.

3: Space group $P{\bar 1}$, Z = 2, lattice dimensions at 173 K: a = 788.2(2), b = 801.6(2), c = 1070.7(3) pm, α = 86.66(2)°, β = 83.80(2)°, γ = 71.00(2)°, R1 = 0.0699. 2 and 3 also form dications with distorted tetrahedral coordination of the Be2+ ions by the oxygen atoms of DMSO and water molecules, respectively. The chloride ions are associated by strong hydrogen bonds O–H···Cl to give three‐dimensional networks.
Ein neues Selten‐Erd‐Metall(III)‐Fluorid‐Oxoselenat(IV): YF[SeO3]
Authors: Lipp Christian , Schleid Thomas
Published: March 2008

A New Rare‐Earth Metal(III) Fluoride Oxoselenate(IV): YF[SeO3]

Just two representatives of the rare‐earth metal(III) fluoride oxoselenates(IV) with the formula type MF[SeO3] (M = La and Lu) exist so far, whereas for the intermediate lanthanoids only M3F[SeO3]4‐type compounds (M = Gd and Dy) were accessible. Because of the similar radius of Y3+ to the radii of the heavier lanthanoid cations, a missing link within the MF[SeO3] series could be synthesized now with the example of yttrium(III) fluoride oxoselenate(IV). Contrary to LuF[SeO3] with its triclinic structure, YF[SeO3] crystallizes monoclinically in space group P21/c (no. 14, a = 657.65(7), b = 689.71(7), c = 717.28(7) pm, β = 99.036(5)° and Z = 4). A single Y3+ cation occupying the general site 4e is surrounded by six oxide and two fluoride anions forming [YO6F2]11− polyhedra (d(Y–O) = 228–243 plus 263 pm, d(Y–F) = 219–220 pm). These are linked via common O···O edges to $^{1}_{\infty}\rm \{[YO^{e}_{4/2}O^{t}_{2/1}F^{t}_{2/1}]^{7-}\}$ chains running along [010] and adjacent chains get tied to each other by sharing common O3···O3 and O3···F edges which results in $^{2}_{\infty}\rm \{[Y(O3)_{3/3}(O2)_{2/2}(O1)_{1/1}F_{2/2}]^{4-}\}$ sheets parallel to (100). The Se4+ cations connect these $^{2}_{\infty}\rm \{[YO_{3}F]^{4-}\}$ sheets as ψ1‐tetrahedral [SeO3]2− anions (d(Se–O) = 168–174 pm) for charge balance via all oxygen atoms. Despite the different coordination numbers of seven and eight for the rare‐earth metal(III) cations the structures of LuF[SeO3] and YF[SeO3] appear quite similar. The $^{1}_{\infty}\rm \{[LUO^{e}_{4/2}O^{t}_{1/1}F^{t}_{2/1}]^{5-}\}$ chains containing pentagonal bipyramids [LuO5F2]9− are connected to $^{2}_{\infty}\rm \{[LUO^{e}_{4/2}O^{t}_{1/1}F^{e}_{2/2}]^{4-}\}$ layers running parallel to the (100) plane again. In fact it is only necessary to shorten the partial structure of the straight $^{1}_{\infty}\rm \{[LUF_{2/2}]^{2+}\}$ chains along [001] to achieve the angular $^{1}_{\infty}\rm \{[YF_{2/2}]^{2+}\}$ chains in YF[SeO3]. As a result of this shortening one oxide anion at a time moves into the coordination sphere of a neighboring Y3+ cation and therefore adds up the coordination number for Y3+ to eight. For the synthesis of YF[SeO3] yttrium sesquioxide (Y2O3), yttrium trifluoride (YF3) and selenium dioxide (SeO2) in a molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 3 with CsBr as fluxing agent were reacted within five days at 750 °C in evacuated graphitized silica ampoules.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Recurrence after Surgery for Pathology‐proven Diverticular Disease
Authors: Andeweg Caroline , Peters Joost , Bleichrodt Robert , van Goor Harry
Published: March 2008

Background

Diverticular disease is a common problem in Western countries. Rationale for elective surgery is to prevent recurrent complicated diverticulitis and to reduce emergency procedures. Recurrent diverticulitis occurs in about 10% after resection. The pathogenesis for recurrence is not completely understood. We studied the incidence and risk factors for recurrence and the overall morbidity and mortality of surgical therapy for diverticular disease.

Methods

Medical records of 183 consecutive patients with pathology‐proven diverticulitis were eligible for evaluation. Mean duration of follow‐up was 7.2 years. Number of preoperative episodes, emergency or elective surgeries, type of operation, level of anastomosis, postoperative complications, persistent postoperative pain, complications associated with colostomy reversal, and recurrent diverticulitis were noted. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative probability of recurrence. Cox regression was used to identify possible risk factors for recurrence.

Results

The incidence of recurrence was 8.7%, with an estimated risk of recurrence over a 15‐year period of 16%. Risk factors associated with recurrence were (younger) age (p < 0.02) and the persistence of postoperative pain (p < 0.005). Persistent abdominal pain after surgery was present in 22%. Eighty percent of patients who needed emergency surgery for acute diverticulitis had no manifestation of diverticular disease prior to surgery. In addition, recurrent diverticulitis was not associated with a higher percentage of emergency procedures.

Conclusion

Estimated risk of recurrence is high and abdominal complaints after surgical therapy for diverticulitis are frequent. Younger age and persistence of postoperative symptoms predict recurrent diverticulitis after resection. The clinical implication of these findings needs further investigation. The results of this study support the careful selection of patients for surgery for diverticulitis.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation for Chronic Hepatitis C Patients During Combination Therapy of Pegylated Interferon α‐2b and Ribavirin
Authors: Kawashima Aiko , Tsukamoto Ikuyo , Koyabu Tomoko , Murakami Yasuko , Kawakami Takayo , Kakibuchi Naoko , Takaguchi Kouichi , Kita Keiji , Okita Misako
Published: March 2008

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.8 g/day) was administered to 12 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving combination therapy of pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) α‐2b and ribavirin for 48 weeks (EPA group). Twelve patients were not administered EPA (control group). All patients also received vitamin E and C (300, 600 mg/day, respectively) during the therapy. Serum alanine aminotransferase improved to a normal level in 8 of 12 patients from the EPA group and 6 of 12 patients from the control group after 12 weeks. Lymphocyte counts decreased significantly after 8 weeks in the control group, but not the EPA group. T‐helper (Th) 1 decreased after 4 weeks in the control group, but not in the EPA group (two‐way ANOVA;P< 0.05). Th1/Th2 ratios were elevated in 9 of 12 patients in the EPA group, and 3 out of 12 in the control group (P< 0.05) after 8 weeks. After 12 weeks, the arachidonic acid/EPA molar ratio of erythrocyte membrane phospholipid correlated negatively with the leukocyte count (n= 24,r= −0.439,P< 0.05) and the neutrophil count (n= 24,r= −0.671,P< 0.02). The hemoglobin level improved after 48 weeks compared with 24 weeks in only the EPA group. These findings suggest that EPA supplementation may be useful in therapy for chronic hepatitis C.
Effect of folic acid in women with and without insulin resistance who have hyperhomocysteinemic polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Kazerooni Talieh , Asadi Nasrin , Dehbashi Sedigheh , Zolghadri Jaleh
Published: March 2008

Objective

To study the effect of folic acid on homocysteine (Hcy) levels in women with insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a prospective clinical trial.

Method

Of 210 women with PCOS, 70 were hyperhomocysteinemic; and of these, 32 were insulin resistant and 38 were not. The 70 women were treated with folic acid for 3 months. Baseline and serum levels of Hcy and insulin were measured in both groups.

Results

In both groups Hcy concentrations were significantly decreased following folic acid supplementation. The mean ± SD levels before and after treatment were 14.03 ± 1.5 µmol/L and 12.53 ± 1.72 µmol/L in group 1 (P < 0.001), and they were 12.07 ± 0.87 µmol/L and 8.83 ± 0.78 µmol/L in group 2 (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The Hcy levels of hyperhomocysteinemic women with PCOS were reduced after 3 months of folic acid supplementation, and the rate of reduction was higher among women without insulin resistance. No change was found in fasting insulin levels.
Expression of aquaporin‐1 in normal, hyperplasic, and carcinomatous endometria
Authors: Pan Hong , Sun Chao‐Chao , Zhou Cai‐Yun , Huang He‐Feng
Published: March 2008

Objective

To explore the relationship between aquaporin‐1 (AQP1) and endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Method

Intratumoral microvessel density (IMD) was assessed as well as AQP1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in samples from 117 women, 75 with endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 17 with endometrial hyperplasia, and 25 with normal proliferative endometria.

Results

AQP1 was located in the epithelial cells of microvessels and small vessels in all samples. The AQP1/IMD ratio was highest in samples from the first, less in samples from the second, and least in samples from the third group. In samples from endometrioid adenocarcinoma, the AQP1/IMD ratio was significantly correlated with histologic grade, surgical stage, myometrial invasion, and extrauterine metastasis. There was a positive correlation between AQP1 expression and IMD and between AQP1/IMD ratio and VEGF expression.

Conclusion

AQP1 may be involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of endometrioid adenocarcinoma by promoting angiogenesis, and AQP1 level may be both a tumor indicator and a new therapeutic target.
Identifying biomarkers of endometriosis using serum protein fingerprinting and artificial neural networks
Authors: Wang Liang , Zheng Wei , Mu Lin , Zhang Su‐Zhan
Published: March 2008

Objectives

To use surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (SELDI‐TOF‐MS) protein chip array technology to detect proteomic patterns in the serum of women with endometriosis; build diagnostic models; and evaluate their clinical significance.

Methods

Serum samples from women with endometriosis and healthy women were studied using SELDI‐TOF‐MS protein chip technology. For every matched pair, two‐thirds of the samples were used to look for different patterns and one‐third was used for cross‐validation.

Results

Five potential biomarkers were found and the diagnostic system distinguished endometriosis from validation samples with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 90.0%.

Conclusion

This method shows great potential in identifying biomarkers to be used for endometriosis screening.
A generalization of the topological Brauer group
Authors: Ershov A. V.
Published: March 2008

In the present paper we study some homotopy invariants which can be defined by means of bundles with fiber being a matrix algebra. In particular, we introduce some generalization of the Brauer group in the topological context and show that any of its elements can be represented as a locally trivial bundle with the structure group,k∈. Finally, we discuss its possible applications in the twistedK-theory.
Splitting along a submanifold pair
Authors: Jimenez Rolando , Muranov Yu. V. , Repovš Dušan
Published: March 2008

The paper introduces a group LSP of obstructions to splitting a homotopy equivalence along a pair of submanifolds. We develop exact sequences relating the LSP-groups with various surgery obstruction groups for a manifold triple and structure sets arising from a manifold triple. The natural map from the surgery obstruction group of the ambient manifold to the LSP-group provides an invariant when elements of the Wall group are not realized by normal maps of closed manifolds. Some LSP-groups are computed precisely.
Differences in fatty acid composition between cerebral brain lobes in juvenile pigs after fish oil feeding
Authors: Dullemeijer Carla , Zock Peter L. , Coronel Ruben , Den Ruijter Hester M. , Katan Martijn B. , Brummer Robert-Jan M. , Kok Frans J. , Beekman Jet , Brouwer Ingeborg A.
Published: March 2008

Very long-chainn-3 PUFA from fish are suggested to play a role in the development of the brain. Fish oil feeding results in higher proportions ofn-3 PUFA in the brains of newborn piglets. However, the effect of fish oil on the fatty acid composition of specific cerebral brain lobes in juvenile pigs is largely uninvestigated. This study examined the effect of a fish oil diet on the fatty acid composition of the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital brain lobes in juvenile pigs (7 weeks old). Pigs were randomly allocated to a semipurified pig diet containing either 4 % (w/w) fish oil (n19) or 4 % (w/w) high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF diet,n18) for a period of 8 weeks. The fish oil diet resulted in significantly higher proportions (%) of DHA in the frontal (10·6 (sd1·2)), parietal (10·2 (sd1·5)) and occipital brain lobes (9·9 (sd1·3)), but not in the temporal lobe (7·7 (sd1·6)), compared with pigs fed the HOSF diet (frontal lobe, 7·5 (sd1·0); parietal lobe, 8·1 (sd1·3); occipital lobe, 7·3 (sd1·2), temporal lobe, 6·6 (sd1·2). Moreover, the proportion of DHA was significantly lower in the temporal lobe compared with the frontal, parietal and occipital brain lobes in pigs fed a fish oil diet. In conclusion, the brains of juvenile pigs appear to be responsive to dietary fish oil, although the temporal brain lobe is less responsive compared with the other three brain lobes. The functional consequences of these differences are a challenging focus for future investigation.
Prospective study of coffee and tea consumption in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among men and women: The Whitehall II study
Authors: Hamer Mark , Witte Daniel R. , Mosdøl Annhild , Marmot Michael G. , Brunner Eric J.
Published: March 2008

At least fourteen cohort studies have documented an inverse association between coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes. We examined the prospective association between coffee and tea consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among British men (n 4055) and women (n 1768) from the Whitehall II cohort. During 11·7 years follow-up there were a total of 387 incident cases of diabetes confirmed by self-report of doctor's diagnosis or glucose tolerance tests. Despite an inverse association between coffee intake and 2 h post-load glucose concentration at the baseline assessment, combined caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee (hazard ratio (HR) 0·80; 95 % CI 0·54, 1·18) or only decaffeinated coffee intake (HR 0·65; 95 % CI 0·36, 1·16) was not significantly associated with diabetes risk at follow-up after adjustment for possible confounders. There was an association between tea intake and diabetes (HR 0·66; 95 % CI 0·61, 1·22; P < 0·05) after adjustment for age, gender, ethnicity and social status, which was not robust to further adjustments. There was, however, an association between combined intake of tea and coffee (two or more cups per day of both beverage) and diabetes (HR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·46, 0·99; P < 0·05) after full adjustment. In conclusion, relatively moderate intake (more than three cups per day) of coffee and tea were not prospectively associated with incidence of type 2 diabetes although there was evidence of a combined effect. The limited range of exposure and beverage consumption according to socio-economic class may explain these conflicting findings.
Recurrence in pairs
Authors: HADDAD KAMEL , OTT WILLIAM
Published: March 2008

We introduce and study the notion of weak product recurrence. Two sufficient conditions for this type of recurrence are established. We deduce that any point with a dense orbit in either the full one-sided shift on a finite number of symbols or a mixing subshift of finite type is weakly product recurrent. This observation implies that distality does not follow from weak product recurrence. We have therefore answered, in the negative, a question posed by Auslander and Furstenberg.
A comparison of Bayesian prediction techniques for mobile robot trajectory tracking
Authors: Peralta-Cabezas J. L. , Torres-Torriti M. , Guarini-Hermann M.
Published: March 2008

This paper presents a performance comparison of different estimation and prediction techniques applied to the problem of tracking multiple robots. The main performance criteria are the magnitude of the estimation or prediction error, the computational effort and the robustness of each method to non-Gaussian noise. Among the different techniques compared are the well-known Kalman filters and their different variants (e.g. extended and unscented), and the more recent techniques relying on Sequential Monte Carlo Sampling methods, such as particle filters and Gaussian Mixture Sigma Point Particle Filter.
Variation patterns within 153 flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genebank accessions based on evaluation for resistance to fusarium wilt, anthracnose and pasmo
Authors: Diederichsen Axel , Rozhmina Tatiana A. , Kudrjavceva Ljudmilla P.
Published: March 2008

Germplasm of 153 flax (Linum usitatissimum) accessions from 24 countries held at Plant Gene Resources of Canada (PGRC) was evaluated for resistance to fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum lini) and pasmo (Septoria linicola). The screening was conducted at the All-Russian Flax Research Institute (VNIIL) at Torzhok, Russia, over 3 years for fusarium wilt and anthracnose, and over 2 years for pasmo. A disease severity index ranging from 0% (no infection) to 100% (heavy infection) was calculated based on observations after artificial inoculation with the pathogens in the greenhouse (fusarium wilt) or in field nurseries (anthracnose and pasmo). The average disease severity index for fusarium wilt was 56.6 ± 34.4% (range 0–100.0%), for anthracnose 59.8 ± 8.1% (range 43.8–83.9%) and for pasmo 74.2 ± 11.8% (range 27.3–100.0%). The variation of disease severity indices among the years and within each accession was highest for fusarium wilt. Higher than average resistance for all three diseases was found in accessions from East Asia, while germplasm from the Indian subcontinent showed considerably lower than average resistance. Germplasm from North America and South America (mostly linseed) displayed above average resistance to fusarium wilt, while European accessions (mostly fibre flax) showed lower than average resistance to this disease. The different resistance levels reflected the improvements made by plant breeding and differences in the environments under which the germplasm accessions evolved. Accessions with potential use in linseed and fibre flax breeding were identified.
Polarized‐Light‐Stimulated Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Xylan
Authors: Konieczna‐Molenda Anna , Lai Vivian M. F. , Fiedorowicz Maciej , Khachatryan Gohar , Tomasik Piotr
Published: March 2008

The 1‐ to 2‐h illumination of xylanase with visible polarized light (PL) prior to the action of that enzyme upon beechwood xylan significantly increased its activity. The activity only negligibly decreased on 3 months storage. The hydrolysis of xylan proceeded in three well‐distinguished stages. In the first and fastest stage the effect of illumination was only slightly positive. The effect of the stimulation was noted in the second, slower stage. Enzyme stimulated with PL, preferably by means of the 2‐h illumination, performed better than enzyme stimulated with nonpolarized light and non‐stimulated enzyme. In the last, the slowest stage, the rates of the reaction were nearly the same using either stimulated or non‐stimulated enzyme.
Prise en charge des plaies, quoi de neuf?
Authors: Raffoul W.
Published: March 2008

In den letzten Jahren hat die Wundheilung mehr Beachtung erhalten und gleichzeitig bedeutende Fortschritte gemacht. Die Kenntnis der pathophysiologischen Abläufe während der Wundheilung ermöglichte Innovationen in allen Stadien dieses komplexen Prozesses. In der ersten Phase werden autologe Plättchenkonzentrate eingesetzt, welche Wachstumsfaktor produzieren. In der zweiten Phase, der Proliferations- und Sekretionsphase, kommen neuartige Verbände zum Einsatz, die eine effektive lokale Behandlung erlauben.Vor allem bei älteren Patienten trägt auch die Ernährung viel zum Wundheilungsprozess bei. Auch die rekonstruktive Chirurgie hat mit der besseren Kenntnis von Physiologie und Vaskularisation von Haut und Weichteilen grosse Fortschritte gemacht. Schliesslich hat auch das Bio-Engineering mit immer raffinierteren Methoden seit 20 Jahren seinen Platz in der Wundbehandlung.
Escarres et dénutrition - Dépistage et évaluation de l´état nutritionnel
Authors: Tran C. , Roulet M. , Guex E. , Coti Bertrand P.
Published: March 2008

Der Dekubitus führt zu grossem Leiden und verursacht nicht unwesentliche Kosten. Seine Prävalenz liegt in Spitälern bei 3–23% und in Heimen bei 7–54%. Für die Heilung des Dekubitus sind verschiedene Prozesse auf zellulärer und molekulärer Ebene von Bedeutung. Ein schlechter Ernährungszustand ist einerseits ein wichtiger Risikofaktor für die Entstehung des Dekubitus und verzögert andererseits auch die Wundheilung. Die frühzeitige Erkennung einer Mangelernährung ist deshalb für die Behandlung des Dekubitus sehr wichtig. Entsprechend dem Ernährungszustand sind verschiedene Massnahmen zu treffen. Die systematische Gabe von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln hat sich in der Prävention des Dekubitus bewährt, ob ihr auch in der Behandlung des Dekubitus Bedeutung zukommt, müssen klinische Studien erst noch zeigen.
Les pansements modernes
Authors: Noël B. , Charbonneau L.
Published: March 2008

Die Vielzahl von Verbänden, die auf dem Markt angeboten werden, macht dem Praktiker die Auswahl nicht leicht. In dieser Übersicht stellen wir die wichtigsten Klassen von Verbänden und deren Indikationen vor.
Anatomy and growth of a Holocene clinothem in the Gulf of Papua
Authors: Slingerland Rudy , Driscoll Neal W. , Milliman John D. , Miller Scott R. , Johnstone Elizabeth A.
Published: March 2008

High‐resolution seismic profiles and sedimentological data from grab samples and long cores provide an unprecedented picture of the structure, sedimentology, and late Quaternary development of two Gulf of Papua (GoP) clinothems, one probably Stage 3 and 4 in age and one Holocene in age. The older was partially eroded during Stage 2 and partially covered by the younger clinothem during Stage 1. The younger clinothem consists of three stratigraphic units separated by two surfaces of erosion, bypass, or correlative surfaces of lap. The surfaces were formed by changes in accommodation and sediment supply. The underlying physiography of the older clinothem also appears to play an important role in governing the shape of the younger clinothem. In the northern gulf, oblique clinoforms of the younger clinothem suggest that the rate of sediment supply from the northern rivers outstripped the formation of new accommodation, whereas in the south, sigmoidal clinoforms indicate that accommodation increased faster than sediment supply. The origin of the new accommodation remains uncertain because of limited age constraints. On the basis of sediment thickness, stratal geometry, and acoustic character, off‐shelf transport appears to be the dominant sediment transport direction, with preferential accumulation on the promontories and bypass in the valleys. Presently, observed and computed modern flows and complex gyres in shallow water coupled with wave‐ and current‐supported gravity flows or river floods can explain the form, internal clinoform shapes, and mineralogy of the younger Gulf of Papua clinothem.
Fault rotation and core complex formation: Significant processes in seafloor formation at slow‐spreading mid‐ocean ridges (Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, 13°–15°N)
Authors: Smith Deborah K. , Escartín Javier , Schouten Hans , Cann Johnson R.
Published: March 2008

The region of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR) between the Fifteen‐Twenty and Marathon fracture zones displays the topographic characteristics of prevalent and vigorous tectonic extension. Normal faults show large amounts of rotation, dome‐shaped corrugated detachment surfaces (core complexes) intersect the seafloor at the edge of the inner valley floor, and extinct core complexes cover the seafloor off‐axis. We have identified 45 potential core complexes in this region whose locations are scattered everywhere along two segments (13° and 15°N segments). Steep outward‐facing slopes suggest that the footwalls of many of the normal faults in these two segments have rotated by more than 30°. The rotation occurs very close to the ridge axis (as much as 20° within 5 km of the volcanic axis) and is complete by ∼1 My, producing distinctive linear ridges with roughly symmetrical slopes. This morphology is very different from linear abyssal hill faults formed at the 14°N magmatic segment, which display a smaller amount of rotation (typically <15°). We suggest that the severe rotation of faults is diagnostic of a region undergoing large amounts of tectonic extension on single faults. If faults are long‐lived, a dome‐shaped corrugated surface develops in front of the ridges and lower crustal and upper mantle rocks are exposed to form a core complex. A single ridge segment can have several active core complexes, some less than 25 km apart that are separated by swales. We present two models for multiple core complex formation: a continuous model in which a single detachment surface extends along axis to include all of the core complexes and swales, and a discontinuous model in which local detachment faults form the core complexes and magmatic spreading forms the intervening swales. Either model can explain the observed morphology.
H2O subduction beyond arcs
Authors: Hacker Bradley R.
Published: March 2008

The amount of H2O subducted to postarc depths dictates such disparate factors as the generation of arc and back‐arc magmas, the rheology of the mantle wedge and slab, and the global circulation of H2O. Perple_X was used to calculate phase diagrams and rock physical properties for pressures of 0.5–4.0 GPa and temperatures of 300–900°C for a range of bulk compositions appropriate to subduction zones. These data were merged with global subduction zone rock fluxes to generate a model for global H2O flux to postarc depths. For metasomatized igneous rocks, subducted H2O scales with bulk rock K2O in hot slabs. Metasomatized ultramafic rocks behave similarly in cold slabs, but in hot slabs carry no H2O to magma generation depths because they lack K2O. Chert and carbonate are responsible for minimal H2O subduction, whereas clay‐rich and terrigenous sediments stabilize several hydrous phases at low temperature, resulting in significant postarc slab H2O flux in cold and hot slabs. Continental crust also subducts much H2O in cold slabs because of the stability of lawsonite and phengite; in hot slabs it is phengite that carries the bulk of this H2O to postarc depth. All told, the postarc flux of H2O in cold slabs is dominated by terrigenous sediment and the igneous lower crust and mantle and is proportional to bulk rock H2O. In contrast, in hot slabs the major contributors of postarc slab H2O are metasomatized volcanic rocks and subducted continental crust, with the amount of postarc slab H2O scaling with K2O. The Andes and Java‐Sumatra‐Andaman slabs are the principal suppliers of pelagic and terrigenous sediment hosted H2O to postarc depths, respectively. The Chile and Solomon arcs contribute the greatest H2O flux from subducted continental and oceanic forearc, respectively. The Andean arc has the greatest H2O flux provided through subduction of hydrated ocean crust and mantle. No correlation was observed between postarc slab H2O flux and slab seismicity.
A shallow‐layer model for heavy gas dispersion from natural sources: Application and hazard assessment at Caldara di Manziana, Italy
Authors: Costa A. , Chiodini G. , Granieri D. , Folch A. , Hankin R. K. S. , Caliro S. , Avino R. , Cardellini C.
Published: March 2008

Several nonvolcanic sources in central Italy emit a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). Under stable atmospheric conditions and/or in the presence of topographic depressions, the concentration of CO2, which has a molecular mass greater than that of air, can reach high values that are lethal to humans or animals. Several episodes of this phenomenon were recorded in central Italy and elsewhere. In order to validate a model for the dispersion of a heavy gas and to assess the consequent hazard, we applied and tested the code TWODEE‐2, an improved version of the established TWODEE model, which is based on a shallow‐layer approach that uses depth‐averaged variables to describe the flow behavior of dense gas over complex topography. We present results for a vented CO2 release at Caldara di Manziana in central Italy. We find that the model gives reliable results when the input quantity can be properly defined. Moreover, we show that the model can be a useful tool for gas hazard assessment by evaluating where and when lethal concentrations for humans and animals are reached.
Chemical equilibrium between ferropericlase and molten iron to 134 GPa and implications for iron content at the bottom of the mantle
Authors: Ozawa Haruka , Hirose Kei , Mitome Masanori , Bando Yoshio , Sata Nagayoshi , Ohishi Yasuo
Published: March 2008

We have examined the solubility of oxygen in molten iron coexisting with ferropericlase up to 134 GPa and 3200 K by using laser‐heated diamond‐anvil cell (LHDAC) and analytical transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results demonstrate that the oxygen solubility in liquid iron decreases with pressure to 38 GPa, whereas the pressure effect is small at higher pressures. If the molten outer core is in chemical equilibrium with the bottom thin layer of the mantle, ferropericlase could be significantly depleted in FeO at the core‐mantle boundary (CMB). The liquid core containing 8 wt% oxygen, which is high enough to account for the core density deficit, coexists with ferropericlase with Mg#96 when the temperature is 4000 K. The very bottom of the mantle becomes depleted in iron by the consequences of chemical reaction with the core.
Modelling the influence of North Atlantic multidecadal warmth on the Indian summer rainfall
Authors: Li Shuanglin , Perlwitz Judith , Quan Xiaowei , Hoerling Martin P.
Published: March 2008

Ensemble experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model reveal that a positive (warm) ocean phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) increases Indian summer rainfall. The intensification is driven by extratropical North Atlantic warmth, with some cancellation associated with monsoon weakening in response to tropical North Atlantic warmth. Mechanistically, warm extratropical North Atlantic SSTs increase local rainfall, inducing an arching extratropical wavetrain response. The latter leads to intensified northern subsidence of monsoon mean meridional streamflow as well as widespread low surface pressure over North Africa, the Middle East and the western Indian Ocean contributing to a strengthened Indian monsoon trough and increased monsoon rainfall. Warm tropical North Atlantic SSTs primarily increase local tropical Atlantic rainfall that induces a tropically‐confined response consisting of low level easterly wind anomalies over the Indian Ocean and dynamically induced subsident drying over India.
Asymmetric response of maximum and minimum temperatures to soil emissivity change over the Northern African Sahel in a GCM
Authors: Zhou Liming , Dickinson Robert , Dirmeyer Paul , Chen Haishan , Dai Yongjiu , Tian Yuhong
Published: March 2008

Pronounced changes in land use and surface properties like those that have occurred in the Sahel could lead to reduced land surface emissivity and thus might have an asymmetric impact on daytime and nighttime surface air temperature. This paper analyzes the sensitivity of simulated climate and energy balance to changes in soil emissivity over the Sahel using the recently developed Community Land Model/Community Atmosphere Model. Model simulations indicate that the reduction of soil emissivity warms minimum temperature (Tmin) much faster than maximum temperature (Tmax) and thus decreases the diurnal temperature range (DTR) significantly. Lower emissivity reduces the outgoing longwave radiation and thus provides more energy to the atmosphere through increasing of sensible heat flux, ground and surface air temperatures. Statistical results show that, on average, a decrease of soil emissivity of 0.1 will increase Tmin by 0.55°C and 0.41°C, and decrease DTR by 0.59°C and 0.46°C under clear‐sky and all‐sky conditions, respectively, while Tmax changes little. The warming in Tmin and the decrease in DTR are much stronger during the dry season than the wet season and are higher in clear‐sky conditions than all‐sky conditions. These results suggest that changes in land surface emissivity over some particular regions might explain part of the observed decrease in DTR, especially over semi‐arid regions.
Rectified effects of tropical instability wave (TIW)‐induced atmospheric wind feedback in the tropical Pacific
Authors: Zhang Rong‐Hua , Busalacchi Antonio J.
Published: March 2008

Recent high‐resolution space‐based observations reveal significant two‐way air‐sea interactions associated with tropical instability waves (TIWs) in the tropical oceans. But in most large‐scale climate modeling studies, the atmospheric wind response to TIW‐induced sea surface temperature (SSTTIW) anomalies has not been taken into account realistically and thus the corresponding feedbacks to the ocean are not known. Here we apply a singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis to satellite data to derive an empirical model for the SSTTIW induced wind stress (τTIW) variability in the eastern tropical Pacific. The derived SSTTIW‐τTIW relationship is then nested into a basin‐scale ocean and a hybrid coupled ocean‐atmosphere model of the tropical Pacific to take into account the TIW‐induced wind‐SST coupling. It is demonstrated that TIW‐induced wind feedback to the ocean can have a rectified effect on large‐scale mean ocean state and interannual variability, with an asymmetric difference in SST (a cooling) and a significant modulation of ENSO amplitude.
Role of periodic loading‐unloading in the magnetotail versus interplanetary magnetic field Bz flipping in the ring current buildup
Authors: Taktakishvili A. , Kuznetsova M. M. , Hesse M. , Fok M.‐C. , Rastätter L. , Maddox M. , Chulaki A. , Tóth G. , Gombosi T. I. , De Zeeuw D. L.
Published: March 2008

Introducing kinetic corrections into the to BATSRUS code in the magnetotail region leads to fast reconnection rates observed in kinetic simulations and quasi‐periodic loading‐unloading cycles in the magnetotail during a long period of steady southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz (Kuznetsova et al., 2006, 2007). We use the global MHD code BATSRUS output to drive the Fok Ring Current (FRC) model, which then exhibits quasi‐periodic oscillations of geosynchronous energetic particle fluxes, similar to “sawtooth” injection profiles. We compare these results with the results of the FRC model driven by BATSRUS for periodically flipping IMF Bz component, without kinetic corrections. The comparison shows the dominant role of quasi‐periodic loading‐unloading in the tail over the role of flipping IMF Bz component in the formation of geosynchronous fluxes for various energies. This same result is confirmed by the analysis of particle number and energy content within geosynchronous orbit.