bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-COVID-19 conditions and health effects in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Ansah Edward W , Salu Promise Kwame , Daanko Martin S , Banaaleh David N , Amoadu Mustapha
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused global devastations in social, economic and health systems of every nation, but disproportionately of nations in Africa. In addition to its grave effects on the global systems, there is continuation or development of new symptoms among individuals who have contracted the virus, with the potential to further stress the health systems on the continent. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to collate and summarise the existing research evidence on the prevalence and health effects of post–COVID-19 conditions in Africa.

Methods and analysis

Five main databases were thoroughly searched from 1 September 2023 to 10 May 2024 for eligible articles based on the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. These databases included PubMed, Central, Scopus, Dimensions AI and JSTOR. A total of 17 papers were included in the review. The protocol for this review is already published in BMJ Open; doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082519.

Results

The prevalence of post–COVID-19 conditions in Africa ranged from 2% to as high as 94.7%. Fatigue, dyspnoea and brain fog were among the commonly reported symptoms of post–COVID-19 conditions. Reduced functional status as well as physical and psychosocial disorders were the main health effects reported by the studies reviewed, but no study yet reported the effects of post–COVID-19 conditions on the health systems in Africa.

Conclusions

There is an evidence of high prevalence of post–COVID-19 conditions in the African setting. However, there is limited evidence of the health effects of the post–COVID-19 conditions on patients and health systems in Africa.

Ethics and dissemination

This scoping review involved analysis of secondary data; therefore, no ethical approval was needed. Dissemination of the result is being done through international journals and may also be presented at available research conferences.
Chemotherapy-induced cellular senescence promotes stemness of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma via CCR7/ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling activation
Authors: Wang Jiyu , Tao Qianshan , Huang Keke , Wang Yangyang , Hu Linhui , Ren Anwen , Wang Huiping , Wan Yang , Li Jinlan , Yi Liuying , Ruan Yanjie , Wanyan Zhixiang , Wu Fan , Zhai Zhimin , Liu Chaohong
Published: January 2025

Background

Resistance to existing therapies is a major cause of treatment failure in patients with refractory and relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) is one of the most important mechanisms of drug resistance.

Methods

This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze doxorubicin-induced senescent B-NHL cells. C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) expression in patients with aggressive B-NHL was assessed using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Lentiviral transfection was used to target CCR7 expression in Raji and SU-DHL-2 cells. Protein localization was visualized through immunofluorescence, while western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation were used to analyze protein expression and interactions. Cell proliferation was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and senescent cells were detected using senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. The stemness of cells was evaluated through colony and sphere formation assays. Transwell assays assessed cell migration and invasion. Finally, inhibitors GS143 and Y27632 were used to examine the effect of IKBα and ARHGAP/RhoA inhibition on B-NHL-TIS.

Results

Here we identified a distinct group of TIS, composed of memory B-cell population characterized by strong positive expression of CCR7, which was significantly elevated in TIS population compared with normal proliferating and autonomously senescent lymphoma cell populations. Additionally, CCR7 expression was significantly upregulated in patients with r/r B-NHL, and was an independent prognostic factor in B-NHL, with high CCR7 expression being strongly associated with poor prognosis. In vitro results indicated that CCL21 induced migration and invasion of B-NHL cells via CCR7, while blocking CCR7 reduced doxorubicin-induced migration and invasion of these cells. Furthermore, B-NHL-TIS regulated by CCR7 and exhibited enhanced phenotypic and functional stemness features, including the upregulation of stemness markers, increased colony-forming, invasive and migratory capabilities. Mechanistically, blocking CCR7 reversed the stemness characteristics of senescent B-NHL cells by inhibiting the activation of ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling.

Conclusions

Together, TIS promotes the stemness of B-NHL cells via CCR7/ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling activation and targeting CCR7/ARHGAP18 might overcome the chemoresistance of senescent B-NHL cells by inhibiting stemness acquisition and maintenance.
Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome abrogates cardiotoxicity of immune checkpoint blockers
Authors: Lu Yang , Gao Jiamin , Hou Yachen , Yang Han , Wang Dashuai , Zhang Ge , Qin Zhen , Du Pengchong , Wang Zhenwei , Wang Yunzhe , Chen Quanzhou , Sun Zhaowei , Li Ping , Zhang Jinying , Tang Junnan
Published: January 2025

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of many malignant tumors. However, ICI-induced hyper-immune activation causes cardiotoxicity. Traditional treatments such as glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants have limited effectiveness and may even accelerate tumor growth. This study aimed to identify approaches that effectively reduce cardiotoxicity and simultaneously preserve or enhance the antitumor immunity of ICI therapy.

Methods

ICI injection in melanoma-bearing C57BL/6J female mice was used to simulate cardiotoxicity in patients with tumor undergoing immune therapy. MCC950 was used to block nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity. Echocardiography, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to assess cardiac function, immune cell populations, and inflammatory factor levels. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing was used to detect the changes in cardiac transcriptome and immunological network.

Results

NLRP3 inhibition reduced inflammatory response and improved cardiac function. Notably, NLRP3 inhibition also resulted in a pronounced suppression of tumor growth. Single-cell RNA sequencing elucidated that MCC950 treatment reduced the cardiac infiltration of pathogenic macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, activated T cells, and their production of inflammatory cytokines, while enhancing the presence of reparative macrophages and naive T cells. In addition, MCC950 attenuated cardiotoxicity induced by dual programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) immunotherapy and promoted tumor regression, and showed efficacy in treating established cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions

Our findings provide a promising clinical approach for preventing and treating cardiotoxicity induced by ICIs, dissociating the antitumor efficacy of ICI-based therapies from their cardiotoxic side effects.
Differential impact of TIM-3 ligands on NK cell function
Authors: Wang Juncheng , Li Housaiyin , Kulkarni Aditi , Anderson Jennifer L , Upadhyay Pragati , Onyekachi Onyedikachi Victor , Arantes Lidia M R B , Banerjee Hridesh , Kane Lawrence P , Zhang Xin , Bruno Tullia C , Bao Riyue , Ferris Robert L , Vujanovic Lazar
Published: January 2025

Background

The transmembrane protein T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing molecule 3 (TIM-3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that is expressed by a variety of leukocyte subsets, particularly in the tumor microenvironment. An effective TIM-3-targeting therapy should account for multiple biological factors, including the disease setting, the specific cell types involved and their varying sensitivities to the four putative TIM-3 ligands (galectin-9, phosphatidylserine, high mobility group protein B1 and carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1), each of which engages a unique binding site on the receptor’s variable immunoglobulin domain. The primary objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and function of TIM-3+natural killer (NK) cells in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), determine whether the four TIM-3 ligands differentially affect TIM-3+NK cell functions, identify the most immunosuppressive ligand, and evaluate whether targeting ligand-mediated TIM-3 signaling enhances NK cell effector functions.

Methods

Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry were used to study the prevalence, phenotypes and function of TIM-3+NK cells in HNSCC patient tumors and blood. In vitro killing, proliferation and cytokine production assays were implemented to evaluate whether the four TIM-3 ligands differentially modulate TIM-3+NK cell functions, and whether disruption of TIM-3/ligand interaction can enhance NK cell-mediated antitumor effector mechanisms. Finally, The Cancer Genome Atlas survival analysis and digital spatial profiling were employed to study the potential impact of etiology-associated differences on patients with HNSCC outcomes.

Results

We demonstrate that TIM-3 is highly prevalent on circulating and tumor-infiltrating NK cells. It co-expresses with CD44 and marks NK cells with heightened effector potential. Among the four putative TIM-3 ligands, galectin-9 most consistently suppresses NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and proliferation through TIM-3 and CD44 signaling, respectively, but promotes IFN-γ release in a TIM-3-dependent manner. Among patients with HNSCC, an elevated intratumoral TIM-3+NK cell gene signature associates with worse outcomes, specifically in those with human papillomavirus (HPV)+disease, potentially attributable to higher galectin-9 levels in HPV+versus HPV−patients.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the complex functional impact of TIM-3 ligand signaling, which is consistent with recent clinical trials suggesting that targeting TIM-3 alone is suboptimal as an immunotherapeutic approach for treating malignancies.
Thermodynamics feature of modified non-Newtonian fluid model over an exponentially curved stretching surface
Authors: Abbas Nadeem , Shatanawi Wasfi , Shatnawi Taqi A.M.
Published: January 2025

In this analysis, we have developed a new stress tensor of combined fluid models such as Sutterby fluid, Casson fluid, and micropolar fluid. The study focuses on fluid flow over a curved sheet stretched exponentially. Brownian motion and thermophoresis impacts are highlighted and considered to have a very low magnetic Reynolds number with heat generation effect. Based on certain flow assumptions, the mathematical model has been developed using boundary layer approximations in terms of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs). These PDEs have been transformed from ordinary differential equations and solved using numerical technique. The findings are presented through graphical and tabular data, illustrating the impacts of governing physical parameters on the system. Concentration curves show improving phenomena by enlarging values of the curvature factor. The Casson fluid parameter significantly impacts mass and heat transfer, resulting in higher rates while simultaneously reducing friction at the surface. The range of the physical factors is presented as 0.1 ≤ β ≤ 6.0, 0.0 ≤ Υ ≤ 5.0, 0.7 ≤ Pr ≤ 10, 0.0 ≤ δ1 ≤ 4.0, 0.0 ≤ Ec ≤ 5.0, 0.0 ≤ P ≤ 10.0, 0.0 ≤ M ≤ 5.0, 0.0 ≤ γ1 ≤ 4.0, 0.0 ≤ Nt ≤ 3, and 0.0 ≤ Nb ≤ 3. The velocity becomes lesser due to increasing values of the Casson fluid factor and of the Sutterby fluid factor. The velocity revealed declining due to enrichment in the micropolar fluid parameter.
Modification and nonlinear dynamics characteristics analysis of herringbone gears based on coupling of meshing force and stiffness
Authors: Bo Li , Haoran Zou , Sanmin Wang , Kai Rong , Gantes Charis J. , U-Xuan Tan
Published: January 2025

Gear modification is an important technology for the design and manufacturing of high-precision gear transmissions, which is an effective method to improve gear meshing performance, reduce vibration, and noise. This paper employs the coordinate transformation method to calculate the meshing angle of herringbone gear, which simplifies the calculation of the relative displacement of the meshing line. Also, considering the influence of dynamic meshing force at the meshing point of gear pairs on time-varying meshing stiffness, an improved nonlinear dynamic model was established, and a novel internal excitation real-time correction method was proposed to predict the system’s dynamic characteristics more accurately. Next, the effects of different modification methods, modification amounts, and damping ratios on the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the herringbone gear pair were analyzed. The obtained results show that the average relative displacement of the meshing line increases with the increase of the amount of modification. Moreover, its standard deviation decreases with the increase of the modification in some rotating speed ranges. In some cases, it can even be reduced by more than 50%. When the damping ratio decreases gradually, the axial modification can shorten the chaos interval by 52.68%, but the periodic window will disappear after modification.
Absorption of a twisted photon by an electron in strong magnetic field
Authors: Shchepkin A. A. , Grosman D. V. , Shkarupa I. I. , Karlovets D. V.
Published: January 2025

The work investigates absorption of a twisted photon, which possesses quantized total angular momentum (TAM), by a relativistic electron with the Lorentz factor $$\displaystyle \gamma \sim 1{-}10$$

γ
∼
1
-
10

in a strong magnetic field up to the Schwinger limit, $$\displaystyle H_c = 4.4\cdot 10^{13}$$

H
c

=
4.4
·

10
13

G. We examine the absorption cross sections and their dependence on the parameters of the incident photon and the initial Landau electron. It is found that total absorption cross sections decrease as angular momentum of the incident photon increases and increase as angular momentum of the initial electron grows. The process is also compared across different magnetic field strengths, and the contribution of various electron spin transitions to total absorption cross section is analyzed. We also find that the processes without an electron spin flip dominate and, on top of that, an asymmetry in the “spin-down” $$\displaystyle \rightarrow $$

→

“spin-up” and the “spin-up” $$\displaystyle \rightarrow $$

→

“spin-down” transitions is observed. Specifically, the cross sections for the “spin-down” $$\displaystyle \rightarrow $$

→

“spin-up” transition are larger, which can be interpreted as an analogy of the Sokolov–Ternov effect present for photon emission. Finally, the cross sections are found to be almost constant as the transverse momentum of the photon varies from 0.1 eV to 100 keV. Our findings can help to improve the understanding of the QED processes in critical fields, typical for astrophysical environments, e.g. magnetospheres of neutron stars.
Innovative Dorm Allocation: Integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior to Foster Positive Student Interactions
Authors: Sun Hailong , Ma Mengdi , Tao Yujing , Tang Xiaopeng , Li Wenzhao
Published: January 2025

This study embarks on a novel approach by integrating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) into dormitory allocation processes, aiming to address the gap in understanding the human aspects of technology-driven systems. With the proliferation of online platforms and sophisticated algorithms for dormitory allocation, there is a pressing need to consider students’ psychological factors — attitudes, social pressures, and sense of control in developing user-centered allocation models. Through an online questionnaire targeting 332 students, our investigation reveals that technological features can significantly shape student perceptions, leading to a more satisfactory allocation process. The research uncovers a positive correlation between students’ perceived value of dormitory relationships and their satisfaction with the allocation system. Furthermore, the study highlights the critical role of transparent communication in enhancing student well-being within dormitory settings. By emphasizing the necessity of prioritizing student satisfaction and incorporating TPB principles into allocation models, this research contributes theoretical and managerial insights to higher education housing. It demonstrates the applicability of TPB in understanding dormitory dynamics and the potential for predictive modeling using machine learning algorithms. This study enriches the literature on dormitory allocation systems and offers practical implications for policymakers and campus administrators aiming to foster positive dormitory cultures and improve student well-being through technology-driven solutions.
EMOTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF FAILURE: PASSION, RESILIENCE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY
Authors: HOSSAIN MD SAJJAD , VALLIERE DAVE
Published: January 2025

New entrepreneurs often face failures that can erode confidence and self-efficacy, thereby obstructing progress. This study considers the effects of failure on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and proposes a model based on entrepreneurial learning of how passion and resilience may mitigate these effects. Using data from 423 entrepreneurs (both successful and unsuccessful) in North America, it tests a model via structural equation modeling, in which entrepreneurial self-efficacy is directly affected by failure, and indirectly affected by passion and resilience. The results indicate the negative direct effects of failure on entrepreneurial self-efficacy may be offset by strongly positive effects of entrepreneurial passion and by resilience. This appears to be the first empirical study to test directly the moderating effects of entrepreneurial passion and resilience on the relationship between failure and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. In the presence of sufficient passion and resilience, failure may be viewed as a positive influence on self-efficacy. The results suggest that entrepreneurial failure may act as a precursor to entrepreneurial passion. They also suggest that the practical, negative effects of setbacks can be mitigated, or even reversed, by focusing on developing entrepreneurial passion and resilience in new entrepreneurs.
Fabrication of Low-Oxygen Titanium Powder by Electrolysis of Molten Salt Containing LaCl3
Authors: Ma Shangrun , Zhu Fuxing , Kong Lingxin , Zhu Liguo
Published: January 2025

Titanium and its alloys are widely used in aerospace and ocean engineering because of their excellent properties. Molten salt electrolysis is a cost-effective and efficient method for producing titanium powder. However, titanium powder prepared via this method contains high oxygen levels. To address this issue, a novel approach for producing low-oxygen titanium powder by molten salt electrolysis containing LaCl3 is proposed in this study. Molten salts were selected and their physicochemical properties determined. The density, viscosity, and surface tension of the molten salt increased with LaCl3 content and decreased with increase in temperature in the NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-LaCl3-TiCl
x
molten salt system. For optimal separation of electrolytic products from the molten salt and electrolytic slag, lower LaCl3 content and higher temperatures are recommended. Electrochemical tests revealed that the Ti precipitation reaction was quasi-reversible and diffusion-controlled. Finally, molten salt electrolysis experiments were conducted, showing that the oxygen content of the titanium powder decreased with increased temperature, LaCl3 concentration, and electrolysis time. At 4 wt% LaCl3, titanium powder with a low oxygen content of 500 mass ppm oxygen was obtained by electrolysis at 850 °C and 2.5 V for 1 h. This study provides theoretical guidance for the low-cost, short-process preparation of low-oxygen titanium powder.
Cations Affect Water Activation on Pt(111) in Alkaline Media
Authors: Lin Chia-Yi , Abruña Héctor D. , Suntivich Jin
Published: January 2025

Water activation, oxidatively to produce surface-bound hydroxide (OH*) or reductively to form surface-bound hydrogen (H*) atoms, is ubiquitous in electrocatalysis. We report the impact of cations on the kinetics of the OH* and H* formation from water on single-crystal Pt(111) in alkaline using fast-scan-rate cyclic voltammetry. Isolating the dependence of the electro-adsorption kinetics on pH and ionic strength led to the observation that ion concentrations affected the OH* formation kinetics more strongly than pH. The H* formation exhibited similar behavior, even though the OH* formation rate was observed to be faster by >10x. We attributed the observed ion concentration effect to cations, given that switching cations (from Na+ to Li+) had a bigger impact on the H* and OH* formation rates than switching pH (effectively changing OH– to F–). We hypothesize the cations softened and allowed the interfacial water layer to more easily reorganize. This result suggests that interfacial water disruption should benefit both H* and OH* electro-adsorption kinetics in alkaline electrolytes.
Table 4 from Autofluorescence Virtual Staining System for H&E Histology and Multiplex Immunofluorescence Applied to Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Loo Jessica , Robbins Marc , McNeil Carson , Yoshitake Tadayuki , Santori Charles , Shan Chuanhe (Jay) , Vyawahare Saurabh , Patel Hardik , Wang Tzu Chien , Findlater Robert , Steiner David F. , Rao Sudha , Gutierrez Michael , Wang Yang , Sanchez Adrian C. , Yin Raymund , Velez Vanessa , Sigman Julia S. , Coutinho de Souza Patricia , Chandrupatla Hareesh , Scott Liam , Weaver Shamira S. , Lee Chung-Wein , Rivlin Ehud , Goldenberg Roman , Couto Suzana S. , Cimermancic Peter , Wong Pok Fai
Published: January 2025

Pearson’s correlation (95% confidence interval) between measurements on real and virtual stains obtained from the colocalization analysis in Visiopharm software for CD3 and CD8 and CD3 and PD-L1 on testing slides. Analysis was performed according to three different definitions of the region of interest
Table 2 from Autofluorescence Virtual Staining System for H&E Histology and Multiplex Immunofluorescence Applied to Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Loo Jessica , Robbins Marc , McNeil Carson , Yoshitake Tadayuki , Santori Charles , Shan Chuanhe (Jay) , Vyawahare Saurabh , Patel Hardik , Wang Tzu Chien , Findlater Robert , Steiner David F. , Rao Sudha , Gutierrez Michael , Wang Yang , Sanchez Adrian C. , Yin Raymund , Velez Vanessa , Sigman Julia S. , Coutinho de Souza Patricia , Chandrupatla Hareesh , Scott Liam , Weaver Shamira S. , Lee Chung-Wein , Rivlin Ehud , Goldenberg Roman , Couto Suzana S. , Cimermancic Peter , Wong Pok Fai
Published: January 2025

Average Dice score (mean ± SD, median) between segmentations on real and virtual stains of six tumor subtypes on LUAD testing slides
Table 1 from Autofluorescence Virtual Staining System for H&E Histology and Multiplex Immunofluorescence Applied to Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Loo Jessica , Robbins Marc , McNeil Carson , Yoshitake Tadayuki , Santori Charles , Shan Chuanhe (Jay) , Vyawahare Saurabh , Patel Hardik , Wang Tzu Chien , Findlater Robert , Steiner David F. , Rao Sudha , Gutierrez Michael , Wang Yang , Sanchez Adrian C. , Yin Raymund , Velez Vanessa , Sigman Julia S. , Coutinho de Souza Patricia , Chandrupatla Hareesh , Scott Liam , Weaver Shamira S. , Lee Chung-Wein , Rivlin Ehud , Goldenberg Roman , Couto Suzana S. , Cimermancic Peter , Wong Pok Fai
Published: January 2025

Average Dice score (mean ± SD, median) between segmentations on real and virtual stains of combined tumor, leukocyte aggregates, necrosis, and “other” categories on testing slides
Supplementary Table S3 from Autofluorescence Virtual Staining System for H&E Histology and Multiplex Immunofluorescence Applied to Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Loo Jessica , Robbins Marc , McNeil Carson , Yoshitake Tadayuki , Santori Charles , Shan Chuanhe (Jay) , Vyawahare Saurabh , Patel Hardik , Wang Tzu Chien , Findlater Robert , Steiner David F. , Rao Sudha , Gutierrez Michael , Wang Yang , Sanchez Adrian C. , Yin Raymund , Velez Vanessa , Sigman Julia S. , Coutinho de Souza Patricia , Chandrupatla Hareesh , Scott Liam , Weaver Shamira S. , Lee Chung-Wein , Rivlin Ehud , Goldenberg Roman , Couto Suzana S. , Cimermancic Peter , Wong Pok Fai
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Table S3
The Role of SIX-EYA Complex in Branchiootorenal Syndrome and Glioblastoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Boyle Jacqueline , Miller William , Tsung Andrew
Published: January 2025

Introduction: We present the case of a 58-year-old female with Branchiootorenal (BOR) syndrome who was diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM). A relationship between BOR syndrome and GBM has not previously been reported, prompting a literature review into the underlying genomics of BOR syndrome and CNS glioma. Case Presentation: The patient underwent craniotomy for resection with pathology demonstrating IDH-wildtype (WHO grade 4), MGMT-unmethylated glioblastoma. After outpatient discussion with oncology, the patient and her family elected not to pursue chemotherapy or radiation. Conclusion: Literature review revealed common mutations to EYA and SIX genes, suggesting a possible unestablished relationship and future pathway for targeted treatments. Future studies should investigate the incidence of glioma in BOR patients with emphasis on genetic testing.
The prevalence of neonatal hypoglycemia in twins vs. singletons following exposure to antenatal steroid therapy is comparable: A retrospective study in a single center
Authors: Yoeli-Ullman Rakefet , Zemet Roni , Zloto Keren , Toren Arik , Alexandroni Heli , Schushan Eisen Irit , Mazaki-Tovi Shalom
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) administration before anticipated preterm birth is one of the most important interventions available to improve neonatal outcomes. Nevertheless, this treatment is associated with an increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to determine whether preterm twins who receive ACS are at increased risk for developing neonatal hypoglycemia.
Methods:A retrospective cohort study of indicated and spontaneous preterm births of twins at a single center between 2011-2018. The study population included 3 groups matched for gestational-age-at-delivery and birth-weight: 1.Twin neonates who received a course of ACS 1-7 days before birth (n=532); 2.Twins who did not receive ACS at that time interval (n=532); and 3.Singletons receiving ACS 1-7 days before birth (n=266). The primary outcome was neonatal hypoglycemia (<40mg/dL /2.2 mmol/l) within the first 24-h and 48-h of life.
Results:The rate of neonatal hypoglycemia during the first 24 hours of life was significantly higher in singletons exposed to ACS compared to twins not exposed to ACS (p=0.019), and in twins exposed to ACS compared to twins not exposed to ACS (p=0.047). The rate of neonatal hypoglycemia was almost identical between twins and singletons exposed to ACS (p=0.72). Regression analysis revealed that exposure to ACS and birth weight were independently associated with neonatal hypoglycemia after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index, gravidity, gestational diabetes mellitus, and gestational-age-at-delivery.
Conclusion: Exposure to ACS, rather than plurality, is associated with short-lived neonatal hypoglycemia.
Sex differences in the risk of bladder cancer among kidney transplant recipients and patients with kidney failure receiving hemodialysis: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yu Hoon , Kim Sung Jin , Bae Yoonjong , Kim Mina , Jung Chan-Young
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Although both patients with kidney failure (KF) receiving hemodialysis (HD) and kidney transplant (KT) recipients (KTRs) have a high risk of bladder cancer, how this risk changes in the transition from dialysis to KT is unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk of bladder cancer in KTRs and patients on HD.
Methods: This was a nationwide longitudinal cohort study of 66,547 participants from the National Health Insurance Service cohort who started HD for KF or received KT from 2002 to 2020. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of bladder cancer, which was defined as the composite of diagnostic codes and either hospitalization or ≥2 outpatient visits for bladder cancer.
Results: During mean follow-ups of 4.2 and 7.9 years in the HD and KT groups, respectively, the incidence rates of bladder cancer were 1.1/1,000 and 0.3/1,000 person-years, respectively. In the time-dependent multivariable Cox models, compared to patients on HD, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for bladder cancer among KTRs was 0.36 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21–0.60; p<0.001). Among men, this aHR was 0.29 (95% CI, 0.15–0.55; p<0.001); however, no statistically significant association between the kidney replacement therapy modality and the risk of bladder cancer was observed among women. Landmark analysis performed to avoid immortal time bias by redefining time zero as a specific landmark time (2 and 5 years after HD initiation or KT) revealed similar results.
Conclusion: The risk of bladder cancer was significantly lower among KTRs than that among patients receiving HD, particularly among men.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Acute Kidney Injury–Management and Challenges
Authors: Youssef Nada , Abudayyeh Ala
Published: January 2025

Immune check point inhibitors (ICIs) have been increasingly used over the past decade for treatment of several cancer types. Despite the excellent cancer response they provide, their use has been associated with serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting multiple systems including the kidney. Currently, limited data is available to guide treatment of acute kidney injury secondary to ICI use (ICI-AKI) due to tubulointerstitial nephritis or glomerulonephritis. Another huge obstacle is the safety of resuming ICI following an episode of ICI-AKI.
Summary: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is the most common pathology associated with ICI-AKI, followed by other less common forms of glomerulonephritis. Management of this disorder is very challenging. Corticosteroids therapy remains the mainstay treatment for patients with ICI-ATIN. Use of other immunosuppressants for ICI-ATIN and recurrent ICI-ATIN has been also described in literature. In patients with ICI related glomerulonephritis, the use of rituximab is the more common approach reported in literature. Regarding the safety to resume ICI following an episode of ICI-AKI, this decision should be made following a multidisciplinary approach on a case-by-case basis.
Effects of Music-supported Therapy (MST) for Depression and Cognitive Disorders in People Living with Stroke and Its Impact on Quality of Life: A Systematic Evaluation and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhen , Xue Yingxia , Sun Guiying , Yun Jiajia , Li Yalei , Chen Qi , Wang Ruiwen , Wang Jiahui , Ren Chao
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Stroke not only leads to physical dysfunction in patients, but also causes emotional and cognitive abnormalities, which significantly affect survival and quality of life. Prior research has shown that music-supported therapy (MST) has the ability to enhance mood and cognitive performance through stimulation of the central nervous system. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of rigorous systematic assessments of the effectiveness of MST in improving mood and cognitive impairments in stroke patients, as well as the impact of these benefits on their overall quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of MST on emotional and cognitive impairments in stroke patients, as well as its influence on their quality of life.
METHODS: The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed to search for articles on MST treating mood and cognitive issues in stroke patients in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, CNKI, CSTJ, and SinoMed databases, with a cut-off date of July 11, 2024. Two researchers utilized the revised Cochrane RoB-I risk of bias technique to evaluate the quality of all relevant literature obtained. They subsequently extracted and meta-analyzed the data using Review Manager 5.4.1 software.
RESULTS: Seventy-two studies involving a total of 5,543 patients were included, and the meta-analysis revealed that MST had a significant effect on mood and cognitive deficits in stroke patients (SMDHAMD=1.49, 95% CI:1.21-1.76, P<0.001, MDMMSE = 2.53 CI:1.60-3.45, P< 0.001, MDMoCA=3.59, CI:2.57-4.62, P<0.001), which took effect from 2 weeks of treatment and was accompanied by an increase in serum 5-HT level (SMD5-HT=2.22,CI:1.47-2.96, P<0.001) and improvements in mood and cognitive function, daily living abilities (SMDADL=1.72, CI:1.32-2.11, P<0.001), limb motor function (SMDFMA=1.25, CI:0.47-2.02, P<0.001), and neurological function(SMDNIHSS= −1.77，CI: −2.50- −1.04，P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: MST effectively enhances the mood and cognitive function of stroke patients, improves their ability to perform daily activities and limb motor function. Importantly, improvements in mood and cognitive function occur earlier than the those in daily life ability and neurological function. Additionally, the level of serum 5-HT may serve as a potential indicator for assessing the effectiveness of MST.
Metabolic and bariatric surgery in adolescents: a single-center study of efficacy and outcome predictors
Authors: Beck Reem Hassan , Afrooz Imrana , Masalawala Mohammed Suhail , Watad Rama , Al Shaban Talat , Deeb Asma
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Some adolescents undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) have suboptimal responses to surgery, particularly over the longer term. This study aimed to quantify changes in weight loss over time in adolescents undergoing MBS and identify preoperative predictors of weight loss.

Methods: This was a prospective, observational cohort study of 73 adolescents (12-19 years) living with obesity undergoing MBS. Absolute and relative changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated up to 30 months. Changes in anthropometric measures were assessed using a mixed residual maximal likelihood model. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors of a >35.0% reduction in BMI z-score from baseline to 12 months. Predictive accuracy was assessed by ROC-AUC analysis.

Results: Most patients (87.7%) underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (12.3% underwent laparoscopic sleeve bypass). Weight, weight z-score, BMI, and BMI z-score significantly decreased over 30 months (p<0.001) up to a -53.8% relative change in BMI z-score at 30 months. There was a significant increase (p=0.02) in HDL cholesterol and a significant decrease in triglycerides (p=0.0001) and ALT (p=0.0004) after surgery. A higher preoperative BMI was associated with a reduced odds (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.79-0.97, p=0.03) of a >35% reduction in BMI z-score at 12 months. A baseline BMI >52.6 kg/m2 had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 40.6% for detecting a >35.0% postoperative decrease in BMI z-score.

Conclusion: MBS results in sustained weight loss in adolescents. A high preoperative BMI predicts resistance to optimal weight loss after surgery and argues against delaying surgery once eligibility thresholds are met.
A dinâmica espacial das oficinas tipográficas paulistanas nos séculos XIX e XX
Authors: Pereira Fabio Mariano Cruz , Piaia Jade Samara , Farias Priscila
Published: January 2025

The city of São Paulo underwent various social, economic and political changes that had an impact on the material delineation of urban space between the 19th and 20th centuries. The possibilities of analysing material culture in the commercial relationships that involved printing companies and the urban space were explored in a detailed and precise survey on the location of letterpress printing shops. From the data gathered in this survey the localization and the movement of São Paulo letterpress printing shops among the city streets in the first hundred years of printing with movable metal type, between 1827 and 1927, was described and analysed. The research methods involved the delimitation of spatial boundaries, selection of streets, selection of letterpress printing shops and cross-referencing of information from an extensive corpus of documents. The succession of these companies is discussed, taking into account the division of labour between offices and printing shops and the commercial relations with their surroundings. The results include the mapping of the locations of eight letterpress printing shops that standed out in this context, whether for their pioneering role, for their work for immigrant communities, for the printing of important newspapers or for their long existence.
Relação entre atividade física, hábitos cotidianos e sintomas emocionais de praticantes de lutas na pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Carvalho Matheus Pereira , Mendonça Tárik , Oliveira Camila Rosa de , Pinto Gabriela Baranowski , Camilo Bruno de Freitas , Cristina-Souza Gislaine , Lopes Filho Brandel José Pacheco
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to verify the influence of social distancing on the lifestyle and emotional symptoms of fighting practitioners. More specifically, we sought to identify data on their sedentary behavior, physical activity, and symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study. The investigated sample consisted of 28 people, evaluated through online form with: economic and sociodemographic data sheet; health and physical activity questionnaire; DASS-21 Scale. Significant differences were found between the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic when comparing the means of the total types of physical activity performed by the participants (p = 0.009) and the reported minimum time of 150 minutes invested weekly in these activities (p = 0.006). A significant part of the sample (p = ≤0.001) stopped practicing fighting/martial arts after the beginning of the pandemic. The reduction in their activities may have occurred due to various situations, such as the closing and restriction of gyms and sports centers. Active behavior can benefit aspects related to physical and emotional health. Thus, it is indicated that the practice of physical activities, including fights and martial arts, should be maintained during the pandemic, even at home, in order to contribute to health and the quality of life and the reduction of sedentary behavior.
Relação entre o desempenho motor e autopercepção de competência de crianças surdas
Authors: Medina-Papst Josiane , Silva Laísla Camila da , De Santo Dalberto Luiz , Almeida Mariane Peixoto , Costa Rafaela Zortéa Fernandes
Published: January 2025

The objectives of this study were to investigate the level of motor performance and self-perception of Deaf and hearing children and to verify the relationship between these variables. 20 participated in the study, divided into two groups: hearing (n=12) and deaf (n=8). To assess the children's motor performance, the Gross Motor Development Test – second edition (TGMD-2) was used. To assess the self-perception of competence, the scale of competence and social acceptance for children was applied. The analysis was performed using parametric tests when the data were normal and non-parametric tests when the standards were not accepted. A significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. The perceived results are significant between the self-perception of motor competence, as Deaf compared, being better than the perception of this construction to the hearing. The other self-perception subscales and motor performance are not visible between the groups. Relationships between variables were not verified for any of the groups. These results were conceived as Deaf children participating in motor performance and self-perception similar to their hearing peers. In addition, self-perception will not be a factor related to the motor performance of the children in this study.
As mulheres e o voto
Authors: Canêdo Letícia Bicalho
Published: January 2025

O artigo aborda, historicamente, o lugar da mulher no pensamento político brasileiro a partir da tese de Anne Verjus (2002), a qual sustenta que o desligamento das mulheres de seus encraves sociais acompanhou a individualização da prática do voto. Demonstra que o tema – as mulheres e o voto – só começou a ser matéria de debate com o advento da República, momento em que a ausência das mulheres no ato de votar passou a ser justificada com argumentos sexistas, que questionavam a capacidade eleitoral do sexo feminino. Anteriormente, a capacidade política das mulheres estava implícita no cálculo censitário, avaliado a partir do conjunto das contribuições dos membros da família, homens ou mulheres. Com a abolição do direito do voto pautado no patrimônio familiar, o sufrágio passou a se uma prática masculina individual, dando início ao sexismo como fundamento da exterioridade política da mulher. O artigo sugere que essa exclusão, baseada em critérios sexistas, foi o que abriu caminho para se poder começar a imaginar o sufrágio feminino, obtido em 1932.
Ser mãe na primeira metade do século XX: atribuição natural, aprendizado científico e dever cívico
Authors: Lima Ana Laura Godinho , Biazotto Nathalia Marques , Oliveira Viviane Santos
Published: January 2025

Este artigo analisa os discursos sobre a maternidade dirigido às mulheres na primeira metade do século XX no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo, buscando evidenciar o seu caráter ambíguo. Por um lado, afirmava-se que ser mãe era a destinação biológica da mulher, a qual era naturalmente dotada de um instinto materno. Por outro lado, defendia-se que era preciso ensinar as mulheres a desempenhar bem a função materna. A análise incide sobre a revista Educação e Pediatria, publicada de 1913 a 1915, no Rio de Janeiro, e sobre materiais empregados na formação das alunas do Centro de Puericultura da Escola Normal da Praça da República de São Paulo. O exame das fontes vale-se da perspectiva da análise do discurso, de Michel Foucault (2004).
O narrador paraléptico em “Baster”, de Jeffrey Eugenides
Authors: Konkewicz Bruno dos Santos
Published: January 2025

The present article develops a study on the paraleptic narration in “Baster”, a short story written by American author Jeffrey Eugenides. For the purpose of this analysis, contributions from the field of narrative theory will be discussed, with an emphasis on theoretical studies from the branch of unnatural narratology. It is argued that the first-person singular narration in Eugenides' short story transgresses the notion of epistemic consistency, given the narrator-protagonist displays an omniscient knowledge, narrating events in which he did not participate and occasionally accessing the minds of other characters. Through the analysis of paralepsis in “Baster”, this study proposes possible interpretative paths for this phenomenon in fiction, applying the typology of paraleptic narrators developed by the literary theorist Rüdiger Heinze and the contributions of authors such as Brian Richardson, Jan Alber, Henrik Skov Nielsen and Gérard Genette.
Reading the Tabernacle in Hebrews 9:6–10
Authors: Greene Judson D.
Published: January 2025

While some argue the tabernacle in Hebrews 9:6–10 represents limited access to God, this article argues the tabernacle represents both the old covenant’s limitations and the new covenant’s privileges. The holy place and tamid represent the old covenant era and its sacrifices, while the holy of holies and Yom Kippur represent the new covenant and Jesus’ sacrifice. Further, Hebrews 9:8 alludes to Leviticus 16:17, which stipulates that the priests cannot perform tamid while the high priest performs Yom Kippur. Analogously, while Jesus ministers as the new covenant high priest, the old covenant sacrifices cannot be performed. In this way, the biblical author can illustrate the superiority of Jesus’s sacrifice and the end of the old covenant’s sacrifices by capitalizing on the logic of the old covenant’s sacrificial system.
Echoes of the Kingdom
Authors: Na JM (Jooman)
Published: January 2025

This study demonstrates the parallels between the use of the phrase “kingdom of God” in 1 Corinthians and in Second Temple Jewish literature. Through a literary analysis of key passages in 1 Corinthians where Paul references the kingdom of God, alongside an exegetical study of analogous passages from the Wisdom of Solomon and the Testament of Benjamin, this research identifies a shared strategy employed by Paul and the authors of Second Temple literature: using the phrase “kingdom of God” towards the conclusion of their discourses for persuasive purposes. The findings reveal Paul’s deliberate and strategic use of the phrase “kingdom of God” in the concluding/climactic part of his discourses on diverse issues, including the wisdom of speech, unrighteous behaviors, and theological misconceptions surrounding bodily resurrection. Additionally, the study highlights the potential influence of Second Temple literature on Paul’s use of the phrase, drawing literary, lexical, and thematic parallels such as wisdom, unrighteousness, and incorruptibility.
Excision as Exorcism
Authors: de Bruin Tom
Published: January 2025

In Mark 9:43–48, Jesus suggests amputating an eye, hand or foot in response to sinfulness. This article contextualises Jesus’s sayings among ancient Jewish traditions of the body and the demonic. Several ancient Jewish texts associate demons with specific body parts. The author here argues that it is not unreasonable to propose that Jesus’s command to auto-amputate was an exorcistic suggestion. In some ancient Jewish and early Christian contexts, sinfulness was understood as a demonic force that has gained control over a specific organ, and excision would have been a viable therapeutic solution.
New orchids in the flora of Vietnam X (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae, tribe Orchideae, Epidendroideae, tribes Gastrodieae, Arethuseae, Cymbidieae, and Vandeae)
Authors: AVERYANOV LEONID V. , NGUYEN VAN CANH , VUONG TRUONG BA , QUANG BUI HONG , NGUYEN KHANG SINH , LE TUAN ANH , BINH TRAN DUC , MAISAK TATIANA V. , NGUYEN CUONG HUU
Published: January 2025

The paper presents new data on the orchid diversity of Vietnam obtained mainly during the fieldwork of 2023–2024, as well as a result of investigation of the herbarium and garden collections of Russia and Vietnam. It includes five species new to science, namely Cleisostoma truongquanii, Cymbidium bavuongii, Hemipilia uniflora, Micropera vietnamensis, Robiquetia binhii, and one variety, Biermannia averyanovii var. micrantha. Six species, Biermannia brachystachys, Cleisostoma nangongense, Coelogyne cumingii, Eulophia bicallosa, Gastrodia fontinalis, and Schoenorchis seidenfadenii are reported for Vietnam at first. For each of the studied taxa, their types, relevant synonyms, studied specimens, ecology and phenology (within Vietnam), distribution, preliminarily assessed conservation status, brief taxonomic notes and illustrations are provided. For the newly described taxa, morphological descriptions and notes on etymology are included. In addition, new nomenclature combinations, Panisea lecongkietii (Vuong, Aver. & Q.T.Truong) Aver., Biermannia brachystachys (Schltr.) Aver., Thrixspermum arunachalensis (A.N.Rao) Aver., and Thrixspermum jainiana (S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao) Aver. are proposed. Based on available literature data and currently presented data the orchid flora of Vietnam includes 1382 species belonging to 184 genera.