bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactional synchrony in chimpanzees: Examination through a finger-tapping experiment
Authors: Yu Lira , Tomonaga Masaki
Published: May 2015

Humans often unconsciously coordinate behaviour with that of others in daily life. This interpersonal coordination, including mimicry and interactional synchrony, has been suggested to play a fundamental role in social interaction. If this coordinative behavior is socially adaptive, it may be shared with other highly social animal species. The current study targeted chimpanzees, which phylogenetically are the closest living relatives of humans and live in complex social groups and examined whether interactional synchrony would emerge in pairs of chimpanzees when auditory information about a partner’s movement was provided. A finger-tapping task was introduced via touch panels to elicit repetitive and rhythmic movement from each chimpanzee. We found that one of four chimpanzees produced significant changes in both tapping tempo and timing of the tapping relative to its partner’s tap when auditory sounds were provided. Although the current results may have limitations in generalizing to chimpanzees as a species, we suggest that a finger-tapping task is one potential method to investigate interactional synchrony in chimpanzees under a laboratory setup.
Efficient attenuation of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and tetracycline using novel hybrid materials: batch and column reactor studies
Authors: Thanhmingliana Thanhmingliana , Lee Seung Mok , Tiwari Diwakar , Prasad Shailesh K.
Published: May 2015

A hybrid material precursor to natural bentonite and locally collected clay partitioned (a) EE2 and (b) tetracycline micro-pollutants effectively from aqueous solutions under column reactor conditions.
Slow crystallisation of a monodisperse foam stabilised against coarsening
Authors: Meagher Aaron J. , Whyte David , Banhart John , Hutzler Stefan , Weaire Denis , García-Moreno Francisco
Published: May 2015

Tomographic data showing the crystallisation of monodisperse microbubbles for days 1, 4 and 7 of our experiment. The bubbles are coloured red if they are fcc-ordered, blue for hcp, and white otherwise.
Conductivity-based detection techniques in nanofluidic devices
Authors: Harms Zachary D. , Haywood Daniel G. , Kneller Andrew R. , Jacobson Stephen C.
Published: May 2015

This review covers conductivity detection in fabricated nanochannels and nanopores.
The fast and direct characterization of blue-and-white porcelain glaze from Jingdezhen by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Bao Zhian , Yuan Honglin , Wen Rui , Chen Kaiyun
Published: May 2015

A fast and direct characterization of blue-and-white porcelain glaze from Jingdezhen is proposed using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Super-paramagnetic nano-Fe3O4/graphene for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Kong Chao , Lu Gongxuan
Published: May 2015

In this work, a super-paramagnetic nano-architecture, which could be separated and re-dispersed easily for reuse, was designed for effective visible-light-driven H2 evolution. The photo-catalytic performance was remarkably enhanced by the electron-transfer and surface-repair ability of graphene, and the high activity of the exposed Pt(111) facet.
Tuning the thermodynamic onset potential of electrocatalytic O2reduction reaction by synthetic iron–porphyrin complexes
Authors: Amanullah Sk , Das Pradip Kumar , Samanta Subhra , Dey Abhishek
Published: May 2015

A porphyrin ligand with two β-pyrrolic electron withdrawing ester groups is synthesized and its Co complex is crystallographically characterized.
Improved method for synthesis of cysteine modified hyaluronic acid for in situ hydrogel formation
Authors: Zhang Xin , Sun Pengcheng , Huangshan Lingzi , Hu Bi-Huang , Messersmith Phillip B.
Published: May 2015

We developed a new strategy for the functionalization of hyaluronic acid by chemical modification of its C-6 hydroxyl groups through an ether bond to obtain a cysteine–hyaluronic acid conjugate.
Stacked graphene platelet nanofibers dispersed in the liquid electrolyte of highly efficient cobalt-mediator-based dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Li Xing , Zhou Ying , Chen Jue , Yang Jiabao , Zheng Zhiwei , Wu Wenjun , Hua Jianli , Tian He
Published: May 2015

Stacked graphene platelet nanofibers (SGNF) dispersed in the electrolyte of dye-sensitized solar cells can efficiently improve their performance.
A systematic approach to diverse, lead-like scaffolds from α,α-disubstituted amino acids
Authors: Foley Daniel J. , Doveston Richard G. , Churcher Ian , Nelson Adam , Marsden Stephen P.
Published: May 2015

A strategy for the efficient lead-oriented synthesis of novel molecular scaffolds is demonstrated. Twenty two scaffolds were prepared from four quaternary α-amino acid building blocks in only 49 synthetic operations, using six connective reactions. The ability of each scaffold to specifically target leadlike chemical space was demonstrated computationally.
Coordination polymers constructed from a tripodal phosphoryl carboxylate ligand: synthesis, structures and physical properties
Authors: Yang Yan-Yan , Lin Zu-Jin , Liang Jun , Huang Yuanbiao , Cao Rong
Published: May 2015

Four coordination polymers based on a new tripodal phosphoryl carboxylate H3TBPPO ligand have been constructed and characterized. Complexes 1–3 show 2-fold interpenetrating flu net, while complex 4 possesses a 4-fold interpenetrating dia network.
The grid-based fast multipole method – a massively parallel numerical scheme for calculating two-electron interaction energies
Authors: Toivanen Elias A. , Losilla Sergio A. , Sundholm Dage
Published: May 2015

A grid-based fast multipole method has been developed for calculating two-electron interaction energies for non-overlapping charge densities.
Photoluminescence of a single quantum emitter in a strongly inhomogeneous chemical environment
Authors: Chizhik Anna M. , Tarpani Luigi , Latterini Loredana , Gregor Ingo , Enderlein Jörg , Chizhik Alexey I.
Published: May 2015

A comprehensive photoluminescence study of defect centers in single SiO2 nanoparticles provides new insight into the complex photo-physics of single quantum emitters embedded into a random chemical environment.
The excited state antiaromatic benzene ring: a molecular Mr Hyde?
Authors: Papadakis Raffaello , Ottosson Henrik
Published: May 2015

Baird's rule tells that benzene is an antiaromatic “Mr Hyde” in its lowest excited states, explaining many photoreactions of benzene derivatives.
Preparation of CdS nanoparticle loaded flower-like Bi2O2CO3 heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Ao Yanhui , Xu Liya , Wang Peifang , Wang Chao , Hou Jun , Qian Jin
Published: May 2015

In this work, a series of novel flower-like Bi2O2CO3/CdS heterojunctions were prepared by a simple and feasible two-step process. The results showed that the as-prepared Bi2O2CO3/CdS heterojunctions exhibited much higher activity than pure Bi2O2CO3.
The relationship between bond ionicity, lattice energy, coefficient of thermal expansion and microwave dielectric properties of Nd(Nb1−xSbx)O4ceramics
Authors: Zhang Ping , Zhao Yonggui , Wang Xiuyu
Published: May 2015

Bond ionicity, lattice energy, and coefficient of thermal expansion were calculated using a semiempirical method.
Fabrication of C-doped WO3 nanoparticle cluster arrays from PS-b-P4VP for room temperature H2 sensing
Authors: Liu Shu-Juan , Yuan Ye , Zheng Sheng-Liang , Zhang Jing-Huai , Wang You
Published: May 2015

C-doped WO3 based nanostructures were prepared by employing PS-b-P4VP self-assembled structures as templates and used in studying the room temperature hydrogen response.
A novel one-dimensional chain built of vanadyl ions and pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylate
Authors: Lankelma Marianne , de Boer Jeroen , Ferbinteanu Marilena , Dantas Ramos André Luis , Tanasa Radu , Rothenberg Gadi , Tanase Stefania
Published: May 2015

Stand in line – a vanadium salt and a pyrazine ligand self-assemble to a linear coordination polymer.
Sustainable thermoplastic elastomers derived from plant oil and their “click-coupling” via TAD chemistry
Authors: Wang Zhongkai , Yuan Liang , Trenor Nathan M. , Vlaminck Laetitia , Billiet Stijn , Sarkar Amrita , Du Prez Filip E. , Stefik Morgan , Tang Chuanbing
Published: May 2015

We report the preparation of plant oil based triblock copolymers as thermoplastic elastomers with the aid of TAD chemistry.
Multiplexed paper analytical device for quantification of metals using distance-based detection
Authors: Cate David M. , Noblitt Scott D. , Volckens John , Henry Charles S.
Published: May 2015

Multiplexed detection of Ni, Cu, and Fe from particulate air pollution with paper-based microfluidic devices is described. Analysis is simple, inexpensive, and does not require any external instrumentation.
Classifying pairs with trees for supervised biological network inference
Authors: Schrynemackers Marie , Wehenkel Louis , Babu M. Madan , Geurts Pierre
Published: May 2015

We systematically investigate, theoretically and empirically, the application of tree-based methods for the supervised inference of biological networks.
DNA hydrogel delivery vehicle for light-triggered and synergistic cancer therapy
Authors: Song Jaejung , Im Kyuhyun , Hwang Sekyu , Hur Jaehyun , Nam Jutaek , Ahn G-One , Hwang Sungwoo , Kim Sungjee , Park Nokyoung
Published: May 2015

A drug delivery vehicle has been prepared by combining gold nanorods and a DNA intercalated drug in a DNA hydrogel, resulting in thermo-chemo combination therapy with photothermal-triggered DNA melting and release of doxorubicin.
Improved and targeted delivery of bioactive molecules to cells with magnetic layer-by-layer assembled microcapsules
Authors: Pavlov Anton M. , Gabriel Samantha A. , Sukhorukov Gleb B. , Gould David J.
Published: May 2015

Inclusion of iron nanoparticles in the layers of microcapsules increases their sedimentation rate and promotes cell delivery of bioactive molecules. Importantly, their cell delivery can also be efficiently targeted with a magnet.
An iodine catalyzed metal free domino process for the stereoselective synthesis of oxygen bridged bicyclic ethers
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Someswarao B. , Prudhviraju N. , Reddy B. Jagan Mohan , Sridhar B. , Kumar S. Kiran
Published: May 2015

A domino cyclization of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclohex-3-enol with aldehydes using 10 mol% molecular iodine is reported to produce oxygen bridged bicyclic ethers in good yields with high selectivity.
Iodine promoted α-hydroxylation of ketones
Authors: Siddaraju Yogesh , Prabhu Kandikere Ramaiah
Published: May 2015

A novel method for α-hydroxylation of ketones using substoichiometric amount of iodine under metal-free conditions is described.
Aromatic amine–sulfone/sulfoxide conjugated D–π-A–π-D-type dyes in photopolymerization under 405 nm and 455 nm laser beams
Authors: Wang Mengqiang , Ma Xiaoyu , Yu Jinghua , Jia Xiaoqin , Han Dandan , Zhou Tengfei , Yang Jinliang , Nie Jun , Wang Tao
Published: May 2015

Based on a D–π-A–π-D structural strategy, six novel dyes are prepared and incorporated into a photoinitiating system, together with iodonium salt.
The effect of high methoxyl pectin and gellan including psyllium gel on Doogh stability
Authors: Hashemi Fatemeh Sadat , Taghi Gharibzahedi Seyed Mohammad , Hamishehkar Hamed
Published: May 2015

The influence of three stabilizers, alone or in binary mixtures, on the phase separation, particle size and distribution, ξ-potential, rheology, microstructure and sensory characteristics of an Iranian fermented milk drink “Doogh” during 21 days of storage was investigated.
Mesoporous TUD-1 supported indium oxide nanoparticles for epoxidation of styrene using molecular O2
Authors: Rahman Sumbul , Farooqui Saleem A. , Rai Aditya , Kumar Rawesh , Santra Chiranjit , Prabhakaran Vinod C. , Bhadu Gopala Ram , Sen Debasis , Mazumder S. , Maity Sudip , Sinha Anil K. , Chowdhury Biswajit
Published: May 2015

Activation of molecular O2 by metal or metal oxide nanoparticles is an area of recent research interest.
Block copolymer as a novel functional phase in an aqueous biphasic system for species selective iodine extraction
Authors: Samaddar Pallabi , Chakraborty Arabinda , Sen Kamalika
Published: May 2015

This article describes a newly designed block copolymer based aqueous biphasic system (ABS, composed of two immiscible aqueous phases) which is further utilized to study extraction behavior of three iodine species viz., I2, I−, and IO4−.
Preparation of high-quality graphene with a large-size by sonication-free liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite with a new mechanism
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zhang Baochang , Sun Shuqing
Published: May 2015

We report on the successful preparation of high-quality graphene with a large-size by sonication-free liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite.
Ni–Cu alloy nanoparticles loaded on various metal oxides acting as efficient catalysts for photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Yamada Yusuke , Shikano Shinya , Fukuzumi Shunichi
Published: May 2015

Catalysis of Ni–Cu alloy nanoparticles loaded on various metal oxides for photocatalytic H2 evolution depends on preparation methods and supports.
Catalytic cleavage of C–O linkages in benzyl phenyl ether assisted by microwave heating
Authors: Hu Jun , Shen Dekui , Wu Shiliang , Zhang Huiyan , Xiao Rui
Published: May 2015

Hybrid catalyst of ZrP–Pd/C performed effectively for promoting the cleavage of C–O linkages in benzyl phenyl ether forming phenol.
Efficient oxidation of hydrocarbons over nanocrystalline Ce1−xSmxO2 (x = 0–0.1) synthesized using supercritical water
Authors: Pahari Sandip Kumar , Pal Provas , Sinhamahapatra Apurba , Saha Arka , Santra Chiranjit , Ghosh Subhash C. , Chowdhury Biswajit , Panda Asit Baran
Published: May 2015

Highly crystalline cubic Ce1−xSmxO2 (x = 0–0.1) is synthesized using supercritical water, which showed superior catalytic activity for selective oxidation of hydrocarbons.
Evolution of boron clusters in iron tetraborides under high pressure: semiconducting and ferromagnetic superhard materials
Authors: Jiang Xue , Zhao Jijun
Published: May 2015

The building block of the FeB4 compound transforms from a corrugated B6 ring to an unusual B4 tetrahedron and finally to a cubooctahedral B12 cluster under pressure. The latter two are predicted as superhard semiconductor or superhard magnetic materials.
Transfer of vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays onto flexible substrates for gecko-inspired dry adhesive application
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Hao , Yao Yagang , Li Taotao , Zhang Yongyi , Li Qingwen , Dai Zhendong
Published: May 2015

In this work, a versatile transfer method of VACNT arrays was developed. An optical image shows that VACNT array is detached after a thermal oxidation process and the transferred VACNT array can be scrolled to mimic the rolling of a gecko foot pad.
Graphitized porous carbon prepared from pyrolysis of Sterculia scaphigera and its application in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Wang W. X. , Wan Y. , Wu S. F. , Li M. C. , Cao L. J. , Lv F. C. , Yang M. Y. , Sun Z. F. , Sun R. , Lu Z. G.
Published: May 2015

Sterculia scaphigeraexhibits exceptional capability to inhale a large amount of water, which is accompanied by great volume expansion.
Color tuning and energy transfer in Eu2+/Mn2+-doped Ba3Y(PO4)3 eulytite-type orthophosphate phosphors
Authors: Guo Ning , Jia Chengzheng , Li Jing , Zhao Yuefeng , Ouyang Ruizhuo , Lü Wei
Published: May 2015

Color tuning and energy transfer in Eu2+/Mn2+-doped Ba3Y(PO4)3 eulytite-type orthophosphate phosphors.
Click synthesis of ionic strength-responsive polyphosphazene hydrogel for reversible binding of enzymes
Authors: Qian Yue-Cheng , Chen Peng-Cheng , Zhu Xue-Yan , Huang Xiao-Jun
Published: May 2015

A chemically crosslinkable cationic polyphosphazene was synthesized and fabricated into hydrogels via thiol–ene click chemistry for reversible enzyme binding.
Flexible supercapacitors based on 3D conductive network electrodes of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/non-woven fabric composites
Authors: Bai Xiaoxia , Hu Xiujie , Zhou Shuyun
Published: May 2015

Non-woven fabric was selected to play both the roles of a template and flexible substrate to support PEDOT deposition. The flexible supercapacitors assembled from these flexible electrodes exhibited superior capacitive performances.
Extended structural materials composed of transition-metal-substituted arsenicniobates and their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Lan Qing , Zhang Zhi-Ming , Li Yang-Guang , Wang En-Bo
Published: May 2015

Two novel transition-metal-cluster-containing polyniobates were obtained, which exhibited photocatalytic activity for degradation of organic dye in aqueous solution.
Temperature triggered antifouling properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) graft copolymers with tunable hydrophilicity
Authors: Kuila Atanu , Maity Nabasmita , Chatterjee Dhruba P. , Nandi Arun K.
Published: May 2015

PVDF-g-PMeO2MA produced by combined ATRC and ATRP methods exhibits a tuneable LCST with graft composition and a temperature triggered antifouling property.
High temperature stable dielectric properties of (K0.5Na0.5)0.985Bi0.015Nb0.99Cu0.01O3 ceramics with core–shell microstructures
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Fan Huiqing , Li Mengmeng
Published: May 2015

New high temperature ceramic capacitors (K0.5Na0.5)(1−x)BixNb(1−2x/3)Cu2x/3O3 (x = 0–0.03) with Bi substitution for A site and Cu substitution for B site were synthesized using a solid state reaction process.
Prenatal nicotine exposure induced GDNF/c-Ret pathway repression-related fetal renal dysplasia and adult glomerulosclerosis in male offspring
Authors: Sun Zhaoxia , Hu Shuangshuang , Zuo Na , Yang Shuailong , He Zheng , Ao Ying , Wang Hui
Published: May 2015

Prenatal nicotine exposure could induce fetal renal dysplasia associated with the suppression of the GDNF/c-Ret pathway and adult glomerulosclerosis in male offspring, which might be mediated by alterations in angiotensin II receptors.
Finite‐time‐convergent fault‐tolerant control for dynamical systems and its experimental verification for DTS200 three‐tank system
Authors: Basin Michael , Li Linlin , Krueger Minjia , Ding Steven X.
Published: May 2015

This study presents a fault‐tolerant continuous super‐twisting control algorithm for dynamical systems, subject to Lipshitzian and non‐Lipshitzian bounded disturbances. The conditions of finite‐time convergence of the entire system state to the origin are obtained. An experimental verification of the designed fault‐tolerant algorithm is conducted for a DTS200 three‐tank system through varying fault sources, disturbances, input conditions and inter‐tank connections.
Refractory Thoracolumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Multiple Spinal Ependymoma Resections Treated with External Ventricular Drainage
Authors: Galgano Michael A. , Hazama Ali , Deshaies Eric M.
Published: May 2015

Study Design

Case report.

Objective

Temporary external ventricular drainage for refractory thoracolumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is not reported in the literature. We describe a recent case that utilized this technique.

Methods

Retrospective review of the patient's case notes was performed and the literature on this subject reviewed.

Results

The patient underwent multiple complex spinal surgeries for resection of innumerable metastatic ependymoma lesions. A case of significant refractory CSF leak developed and as a last resort a right frontal external ventricular drain was placed. The CSF leak ceased, and the patient was eventually discharged home without further complication.

Conclusion

External ventricular drainage can be a viable option for temporary proximal CSF diversion to treat refractory thoracolumbar CSF leaks.
Electroosmotic transport in polyelectrolyte-grafted nanochannels with pH-dependent charge density
Authors: Chen Guang , Das Siddhartha
Published: May 2015

“Smart” polyelectrolyte-grafted or “soft” nanochannels with pH-responsiveness have shown great promise for applications like manipulation of ion transport, ion sensing and selection, current rectification, and many more. In this paper, we develop a theory to study the electroosmotic transport in a polyelectrolyte-grafted (or soft) nanochannel with pH-dependent charge density. In one of our recent studies, we have identified that explicit consideration of hydrogen ion concentration is mandatory for appropriately describing the electrostatics of such systems and the resulting monomer concentration must obey a non-unique, cubic distribution. Here, we use this electrostatic calculation to study the corresponding electroosmotic transport. We establish that the effect of pH in the electroosmotic transport in polyelectrolyte-grafted nanochannels introduces two separate issues: first is the consideration of the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations in describing the electroosmotic body force, and second is the consideration of the appropriate drag force that bears the signature of this cubic monomeric distribution. Our results indicate that the strength of the electroosmotic velocity for the pH-dependent case is always smaller than that for the pH-independent case, with the extent of this difference being a function of the system parameters. Such nature of the electroosmotic transport will be extremely significant in suppressing the electroosmotic flow strength with implications in large number applications such as capillary electrophoresis induced separation, electric field mediated DNA elongation, electrophoretic DNA nanopore sequencing, and many more.
Laminated fabric as top electrode for organic photovoltaics
Authors: Steim R. , Chabrecek P. , Sonderegger U. , Kindle-Hasse B. , Siefert W. , Kroyer T. , Reinecke P. , Lanz T. , Geiger T. , Hany R. , Nüesch F.
Published: May 2015

A simple lamination technique for conductive and semitransparent fabrics on top of organic photovoltaic cells is presented. Conductive fabrics consisted of metal wires woven in a fabric with polymeric fibers. The lamination of this conductive fabric with help of a high conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate formulation results in well aligned low resistive metal wires as top electrode. Semitransparent flexible organic photovoltaic cells were processed with laminated fabrics as top electrode and sputtered layers of aluminum doped zinc oxide and Ag as bottom electrode. The organic photovoltaic cells showed similar performance when illuminated through the bottom or top electrode. Optical simulations were performed to investigate light scattering effects of the fabric. Results are very promising for photovoltaic and lightning devices as well as for all kinds of devices where semitransparent, highly conductive, and non-vacuum processed electrode materials are needed.
Quantum confinement in transition metal oxide quantum wells
Authors: Choi Miri , Lin Chungwei , Butcher Matthew , Rodriguez Cesar , He Qian , Posadas Agham B. , Borisevich Albina Y. , Zollner Stefan , Demkov Alexander A.
Published: May 2015

We report on the quantum confinement in SrTiO3 (STO) quantum wells (QWs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The QW structure consists of LaAlO3 (LAO) and STO layers grown on LAO substrate. Structures with different QW thicknesses ranging from two to ten unit cells were grown and characterized. Optical properties (complex dielectric function) were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the range of 1.0 eV–6.0 eV at room temperature. We observed that the absorption edge was blue-shifted by approximately 0.39 eV as the STO quantum well thickness was reduced to two unit cells. This demonstrates that the energy level of the first sub-band can be controlled by the QW thickness in a complex oxide material.
Ground-state modulation-enhancement by two-state lasing in quantum-dot laser devices
Authors: Röhm André , Lingnau Benjamin , Lüdge Kathy
Published: May 2015

We predict a significant increase of the 3 dB-cutoff-frequency on the ground-state lasing wavelength for two-state-lasing quantum-dot lasers using a microscopically motivated multi-level rate-equation model. After the onset of the second lasing line, the excited state acts as a high-pass filter, improving the ground-state response to faster modulation frequencies. We present both numerically simulated small-signal and large-signal modulation results and compare the performance of single and two-state lasing devices. Furthermore, we give dynamical arguments for the advantages of two-state lasing on data-transmission capabilities.
Oxford Recovery Housing: Length of Stay Correlated with Improved Outcomes for Women Previously Involved with the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Jason Leonard A. , Salina Doreen , Ram Daphna
Published: May 2015

Background

Housing plays a crucial role in providing resources for and aiding an individual's reentry into the community following incarceration and substance use treatment. As such, this study examined the influence of recovery homes on a sample of former female substance-using women with criminal justice involvement.

Methods

Two hundred women who had been involved with the criminal justice system within the preceding 2 years were recruited from multiple sites in metropolitan Chicago. These women were assigned to either 1 of 2 conditions: Oxford House (OH) recovery homes or usual aftercare (UA).

Results

Those with longer stays in OH (6 months or more) had better outcomes in terms of alcohol and drug use, employment, and self-efficacy than those with shorter stays. Outcomes for those who stayed in OH were not appreciably different than the UA condition on substance use and employment, but fewer deaths occurred for those in the OH condition.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that length of stay of 6 or more months is critical for those in recovery homes, but it is important for us to better understand the processes through which longer stays influence better outcomes.
Nucleocytoplasmic transport in the midzone membrane domain controls yeast mitotic spindle disassembly
Authors: Lucena Rafael , Dephoure Noah , Gygi Steve P. , Kellogg Douglas R. , Tallada Victor A. , Daga Rafael R. , Jimenez Juan
Published: May 2015

During each cell cycle, the mitotic spindle is efficiently assembled to achieve chromosome segregation and then rapidly disassembled as cells enter cytokinesis. Although much has been learned about assembly, how spindles disassemble at the end of mitosis remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that nucleocytoplasmic transport at the membrane domain surrounding the mitotic spindle midzone, here named the midzone membrane domain (MMD), is essential for spindle disassembly in Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells. We show that, during anaphase B, Imp1-mediated transport of the AAA-ATPase Cdc48 protein at the MMD allows this disassembly factor to localize at the spindle midzone, thereby promoting spindle midzone dissolution. Our findings illustrate how a separate membrane compartment supports spindle disassembly in the closed mitosis of fission yeast.
Nuclear–cytoskeletal linkages facilitate cross talk between the nucleus and intercellular adhesions
Authors: Stewart Rachel M. , Zubek Amanda E. , Rosowski Kathryn A. , Schreiner Sarah M. , Horsley Valerie , King Megan C.
Published: May 2015

The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex allows cells to actively control nuclear position by coupling the nucleus to the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton. Nuclear position responds to the formation of intercellular adhesions through coordination with the cytoskeleton, but it is not known whether this response impacts adhesion function. In this paper, we demonstrate that the LINC complex component SUN2 contributes to the mechanical integrity of intercellular adhesions between mammalian epidermal keratinocytes. Mice deficient for Sun2 exhibited irregular hair follicle intercellular adhesions, defective follicle structure, and alopecia. Primary mouse keratinocytes lacking Sun2 displayed aberrant nuclear position in response to adhesion formation, altered desmosome distribution, and mechanically defective adhesions. This dysfunction appeared rooted in a failure of Sun2-null cells to reorganize their microtubule network to support coordinated intercellular adhesion. Together, these results suggest that cross talk between the nucleus, cytoskeleton, and intercellular adhesions is important for epidermal tissue integrity.
Cytoskeletal dynamics: A view from the membrane
Authors: Bezanilla Magdalena , Gladfelter Amy S. , Kovar David R. , Lee Wei-Lih
Published: May 2015

Many aspects of cytoskeletal assembly and dynamics can be recapitulated in vitro; yet, how the cytoskeleton integrates signals in vivo across cellular membranes is far less understood. Recent work has demonstrated that the membrane alone, or through membrane-associated proteins, can effect dynamic changes to the cytoskeleton, thereby impacting cell physiology. Having identified mechanistic links between membranes and the actin, microtubule, and septin cytoskeletons, these studies highlight the membrane’s central role in coordinating these cytoskeletal systems to carry out essential processes, such as endocytosis, spindle positioning, and cellular compartmentalization.
Effects of Vacuum Mixing, Water Addition, and Mixing Time on the Quality of Fresh Chinese White Noodles and the Optimization of the Mixing Process
Authors: Liu Rui , Wei Yimin , Ren Xiaolong , Xing Yanan , Zhang Yingquan , Zhang Bo
Published: May 2015

In this study, the effects of mixing process parameters (degree of vacuum, water addition, and mixing time under vacuum) on the cooking and sensory quality properties of Chinese white noodles were investigated by using one commercial‐scale noodle production line and one typical commercial wheat flour. Noodle appearance, firmness, elasticity, smoothness, and total quality scores were significantly improved as the degree of vacuum increased from 0 to 0.06 MPa, although lower sensory scores and larger cooking losses occurred when noodles were mixed at 0.08 MPa. Noodles with a water addition of 35% had the highest total score and the highest scores for each sensory factor. As mixing time increased, the sensory score of cooked noodles increased initially and then decreased. With a mixing time of 7 min, the sensory score was the highest and cooking loss was the lowest. The results of response surface methodology indicated that fresh noodle quality was most affected by the water addition, followed by vacuum degree. Added water was a more important source of variation for appearance, firmness, stickiness, smoothness, total score, and cooking loss than degree of vacuum and mixing time, whereas degree of vacuum was the predominant source of variation for color and elasticity. The interactions between the factors had little effect on sensory and cooking properties. The optimal mixing conditions were determined to be as follows: degree of vacuum, 0.06 MPa; added water, 35.6%; and mixing time, 7.25 min. Furthermore, vacuum mixing produced a more even, coherent, and closed microstructure for the sheeted dough than nonvacuum mixing.
Differentiation of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis’ Based on 16S rRNA and groEL Genes and Identification of a New Subgroup, 16SrXIV-C
Authors: Mitrović J. , Smiljković M. , Seemüller Erich , Reinhardt Richard , Hüttel Bruno , Büttner Carmen , Bertaccini Assunta , Kube Michael , Duduk Bojan
Published: May 2015

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis’ is widespread in bermudagrass and has only been found in monocotyledonous plants. Molecular studies carried out on strains collected in Italy, Serbia, and Albania enabled verification of molecular variability in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Based on restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses, the strains from Serbia were clearly differentiated from all others and assigned to a new ribosomal DNA (rDNA) subgroup designated as 16SrXIV-C. A system for amplification of fragments containing the ‘Ca. P. cynodontis’ groEL gene was developed to enable study of its variability in related strains belonging to different 16SrXIV subgroups. Despite the fact that the groEL gene exhibited a greater sequence variation than 16S rRNA, the phylogenetic tree based on groEL gene sequence analysis was highly congruent with the 16S rDNA-based tree. The groEL gene analyses supported differentiation of the Serbian strains and definition of the new subgroup 16SrXIV-C. Phylogenetic analyses of both genes confirmed distinct phylogenetic lineages for strains belonging to 16SrXIV subgroups. Furthermore, groEL is the only nonribosomal marker developed for characterization of ‘Ca. P. cynodontis’ thus far, and its application in molecular surveys should provide better insight into the relationships among these phytoplasmas and correlation between strain differentiation and their geographical distribution.
History and Diversity of Citrus leprosis virus Recorded in Herbarium Specimens
Authors: Hartung John S. , Roy Avijit , Fu Shimin , Shao Jonathan , Schneider William L. , Brlansky Ronald H.
Published: May 2015

Leprosis refers to two diseases of citrus that present similar necrotic local lesions, often surrounded by chlorotic haloes on citrus. Two distinct viruses are associated with this disease, one that produces particles primarily in the nucleus of infected plant cells (Citrus leprosis virus nuclear type [CiLV-N]; Dichorhavirus) and another type that produces particles in the cytoplasm of infected plant cells (Citrus leprosis virus cytoplasmic type [CiLV-C]; Cilevirus). Both forms are transmitted by Brevipalpid mites and have bipartite, single-stranded, RNA genomes. CiLV-C and CiLV-N are present in South and Central America and as far north as parts of Mexico. Although leprosis disease was originally described from Florida, it disappeared from there in the 1960s. The United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service maintains preserved citrus specimens identified at inspection stations 50 or more years ago with symptoms of citrus leprosis. We isolated RNA from these samples and performed degradome sequencing. We obtained nearly full-length genome sequences of both a typical CiLV-C isolate intercepted from Argentina in 1967 and a distinct CiLV-N isolate obtained in Florida in 1948. The latter is a novel form of CiLV-N, not known to exist anywhere in the world today. We have also documented the previously unreported presence of CiLV-N in Mexico in the mid-20th century.
Building the research culture in an African business school
Authors: Puplampu Bill Buenar
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to report the efforts to reverse a dire research output trend at a Ghanaian Business School, following a similar effort at a business school in New Zealand in the 1990s. African universities are often challenged by resource constraints, ageing faculty and low compensation regimes. The consequences of these challenges are particularly felt in the area of the research output of faculty members in the business and management area. The problem of low research output has been written about by management scholars who lament the weak showing of African management faculty in reputable journals and top-notch conference presentations.

Design/methodology/approach

– This is a qualitative and phenomenological study of an applied intervention. Using a combination of open-ended questionnaires as well as open forums attended by faculty members of the business school, views, perceptions and opinions on factors mitigating research and issues on research culture were collected and analysed. Descriptive analyses were used to collate the dominant views and frequency of mention of such views.

Findings

– Using the descriptive accounts of faculty of the Business School, the research finds that a research-oriented culture expressed through factors such as leadership, institutional support, articulation or otherwise of relevant values have significant impacts on research output.

Research limitations/implications

– Based on the impacts reported here, this paper advances an intervention model to assist efforts towards improving the research culture and scholarly outputs in business schools in Africa. The paper also proposes a conceptual and research framework for examining and influencing the organisational and research culture of universities in Africa.

Originality/value

– This paper is perhaps the only attempt to examine research culture in an African business school. It suggests that the research culture in a business school or faculty can be developed, reinvented or influenced and that research in African universities will not “just happen”, it has to be carefully planned for, nurtured and built into the fabric of university culture. This has significant implications for the growing effort to bring African scholarship in the management areas up to the point where it can more directly impact management thinking.
Strategizing and organizing in the innovation process
Authors: Gandia Romain , Tourancheau Florence
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to analyze the strategizing and organizing practices in the innovation process by using a processual approach. Three types of practices are examined: discursive, episodic and administrative. Their arrangement and their influence are also studied in the innovation process. The final objective is to understand the making process of the strategizing/organizing (S/O) duality, which remains today one of the major challenges of the strategy-as-practice.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper uses a longitudinal and qualitative methodology applied to a single case study. Primary data are based on 18 semi-directive interviews during a three-year period. Secondary data came from various meeting and reports, Web sites, newspapers and newsletters.

Findings

– The results show that strategizing and organizing practices are preconditioned by the phases of the innovation process. In the idea generation, commercialization and diffusion phases, strategizing takes precedence over the organizing, whereas in the R & D phase, it is the opposite. In the industrialization phase, strategizing and organizing are carried out simultaneously. Other results highlight the influence between discursive, episodic and administrative practices in the innovation process.

Practical implications

– This research offers guidance to practitioners of innovation who want to attain a deeper understanding of the innovation-making process and its close ties with strategizing and organizing.

Originality/value

– The authors empirically validate the making process of the S/O duality and examine the theoretical and empirical relevance of an innovizing concept, when the innovation-making process implicitly generates the production of a new inseparable S/O duality.
Overconfidence of vocational education students when entering higher education
Authors: Bowden Mark P. , Abhayawansa Subhash , Bahtsevanoglou John
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– There is evidence that students who attend Technical and Further Education (TAFE) prior to entering higher education underperform in their first year of study. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of self-efficacy in understanding the performance of students who completed TAFE in the previous year in a first year subject of microeconomics in a dual sector university in Melbourne, Australia.

Design/methodology/approach

– The study utilises data collected by surveys of 151 students.

Findings

– A student’s self-efficacy is positively associated with their marks in a first year subject of microeconomics. However, the relationship between final marks and self-efficacy is negative for those students who attended TAFE in the previous year suggesting that they suffer from the problem of overconfidence. When holding self-efficacy constant, using econometric techniques, TAFE attendance is found to be positively related to final marks.

Research limitations/implications

– The findings are exploratory (based on a small sample) and lead to a need to conduct cross institutional studies.

Practical implications

– The research points to the need for early interventions so that TAFE students perform well in their first year of higher education. It also points to potential issues in the development of Victorian Certificate of Applied Learning (VCAL) programs.

Originality/value

– To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to examine the inter-related impact of attendance at TAFE in the previous year and self-efficacy on the subsequent academic performance of TAFE students.
Vitamin D3 levels and bone mineral density in patients with psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Kincse Gyöngyvér , Bhattoa Pál Harjit , Herédi Emese , Varga József , Szegedi Andrea , Kéri Judit , Gaál János
Published: May 2015

Limited data are available on the vitamin D3 status and bone mineral density (BMD) of patients with psoriasis or with psoriatic arthritis. Our study intended to explore possible correlations between vitamin D status and BMD, as well as among these parameters and the features of the underlying disorder. Seventy‐two patients with psoriasis/or psoriatic arthritis (female : male ratio, 40:32; mean age, 58.5 ± 11.6 years; mean duration of follow up, 142.7 ± 147.7 months) participated in the study. We evaluated the characteristic clinical features of the underlying disease, performed bone densitometry of the lumbar spine and the hip region, measured the serum vitamin 25(OH)D3 levels of the patients, and undertook the statistical analysis of the relationships between the clinical and the laboratory parameters. The proportion of patients with a low BMD value did not exceed that seen in the general population. We found an inverse correlation between the serum level of vitamin 25(OH)D3 and body mass index, as well as between the former and the severity of skin involvement. Furthermore, the activity of psoriatic arthritis was significantly higher in patients with inadequate vitamin D3 status. In patients with psoriatic arthritis, BMD significantly exceeded the values measured in patients suffering from psoriatic skin lesions only. Our findings suggest the importance of evaluating the vitamin D3 status and screening for comorbid conditions in patients with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. This appears justified, in particular, due to the possible role of hypovitaminosis D3 in provoking the development of skin lesions and joint symptoms.
Familial Mediterranean fever variant with repeated atypical skin eruptions
Authors: Takahashi Tomoko , Fujisawa Tomomi , Kimura Masaki , Ohnishi Hidenori , Seishima Mariko
Published: May 2015

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is characterized by self‐limited bouts of fever and polyserositis. Skin involvement is not common in FMF, and erysipelas‐like erythema is found to be the most frequent skin eruption which is often accompanied by arthritis and fever, and disappears within 12–72 h. We report a 40‐year‐old Japanese woman who presented with a 2‐year history of recurrent fever with general fatigue, polyarthralgia and transient maculopapular eruptions on her lower extremities and trunk. The histological findings of the maculopapular eruption showed lymphocyte infiltration around the capillaries in the entire dermis. Mutation analysis showed a heterozygous E148Q‐P369S mutation of MEFV. These findings suggested a diagnosis of late‐onset FMF variant with atypical skin eruptions. The patient was successfully treated with colchicine. Thus, we should pay attention to repeated atypical skin eruptions for the early detection of atypical FMF.
Three‐dimensional focused seismic imaging for geothermal exploration in crystalline rock near Schneeberg, Germany
Authors: Hloušek Felix , Hellwig Olaf , Buske Stefan
Published: May 2015

We present the results of a 3D seismic survey acquired near the city of Schneeberg in the western Erzgebirge (Germany). The main objective of this survey was to use reflection seismic exploration methods to image a major fault zone in crystalline rock, which could serve as a geothermal reservoir at a target depth of about 5 km–6 km with expected temperatures between 160°C–180°C. For this purpose, a high‐resolution 3D Vibroseis survey was performed in late 2012 covering an area of about 10 km × 12 km. The 3D survey was complemented by a wide‐angle seismic survey for obtaining velocity information from greater depths using explosives along ten profile lines radially centred at the target area. The region itself is dominated by the northwest‐southeast striking Gera‐Jáchymov fault system and the southwest–northeast striking Lössnitz–Zwönitz syncline. The main geological features in the survey area are well known from intensive mining activities down to a depth of about 2 km. The seismic investigations aimed at imaging the partly steeply dipping fault branches at greater depths, in particular a dominant steeply northeast dipping fault (Roter Kamm) in the central part of the survey area. In addition to this main structure, the Gera–Jáchymov fault zone consists of a series of steeply southwest dipping conjugate faults. For imaging these structures, we used a focusing pre‐stack depth migration technique, where the wavefield coherency at neighbouring receivers is used for weighting the amplitudes during migration. This method delivers a clear, focused image of the 3D structures within the target area. A 3D velocity model for depth imaging was obtained by first‐arrival tomography of the wide‐angle survey data. With this approach, we were able to image several pronounced structures interpreted as faults within the crystalline rock units, which partly reach the target depth where the temperatures for a geothermal usage would be sufficient. In general, the results show a complex three‐dimensional image of the geological structures with different reflection characteristics, which can serve as a basis for a detailed characterization of the potential deep geothermal reservoir.
Co‐administration of deflazacort and doxycycline: a potential pharmacotherapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Pereira Juliano Alves , Marques Maria Julia , Santo Neto Humberto
Published: May 2015

The standard therapy used in the treatment of Duchenne muscle dystrophy (DMD) is corticoids, such as deflazacort and prednisone. However, they have limited therapeutic value, and their combination with drugs already in use to treat other human diseases could potentially increase corticoid outcomes in DMD. In the present study, we evaluated whether a combined therapy of the corticoid deflazacort with doxycycline could result in greater improvement in mdx dystrophy than deflazacort alone. Deflazacort alone or deflazacort/doxycycline were administered for 36 days (starting on postnatal day 0) in drinking water. Histopathological, biochemical (creatine kinase), functional (forelimb muscle grip strength and fatigue) parameters and inflammatory markers (MMP‐9, TNF‐α, NF‐kB) were evaluated in biceps brachii and diaphragm muscles of the mdx mice. The combined therapy was superior in improving the dystrophic phenotype compared to monotherapy. The primary results were observed in attenuating muscle fatigue, decreasing muscle total calcium and inflammatory markers and increasing β‐dystroglycan, a main component of the dystrophin‐protein complex. Furthermore, the combined therapy was effective in preventing the loss of body mass observed with deflazacort alone at this very early stage of therapy. The present study offers preclinical data to support further studies with deflazacort/doxycycline combined therapy in DMD clinical trials.