bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Attributes of Celebrity influence Corporate Loyalty and Corporate Image? Mediating role of Corporate Credibility
Authors: Nisar Qasim Ali , Shaheen Sumaira , Bhatti Anam
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of attributes of celebrity influence corporate loyalty and corporate image by concentrating on the mediating role of corporate credibility. Simple random sampling technique used to collect responses from respondents. Adapting the questionnaire survey method, data were collected from 450 respondents from public. All the statistical analysis was performed on SPSS and AMOS. Results showed that attributes of celebrity impact positively on corporate image and corporate loyalty. Corporate credibility partially mediates the relationship between attributes of celebrity and corporate image. The study also revealed the relationship of corporate loyalty on corporate credibility. This research will help the organizations to understand how to deal with customers in different ways in order to enhance profit, boost loyalty and image of corporation in the favor of organization and do no harm to their organization.
The Study of Relationship between Internet Addictions and Aggression among Teenagers
Authors: Jamil Raja Ahmed , Khatoon Bibi Asma , Akhtar Andleeb , Rahman Assad
Published: August 2018

The study was designed to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and aggression and to establish the psychometric properties of the scales. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information about level of internet addiction and aggression among teenagers. To establish the psychometric properties, sample (n=200, having age 15-19 years) was selected from different schools and colleges of Haripur city. The results of research showed that the predictor variable internet addiction (Î²=.88) had a very high significant positive effect on outcome variable aggression with the level of significance pâ‰¤.000. The t-Test analysis showed significant difference between males and females on both variables.
The Regional Impacts of India-Us Nuclear Deal
Authors: Khan Waseem , Ahmad Dr Manzoor , Ali Murad
Published: August 2018

The Indian-us nuclear deal brought about a tense scenario to the strategic stability of South Asia in many ways. It intensified the already persistent political albatross between Islamabad and Delhi and Beijing and Delhi in general. The deal enables India to get access to the fissile materials across the world and enrolls it into the nuclear supplier groups lopsidedly, which poses much concern for Pakistan. The diplomatically biased overture of US in the wake of its nuclear wholehearted assistance to Indian pushed Pakistan into psychological isolation, to say the least. Given the fact that the U.S.-India nuclear deal has had a devastating regional impact, it seemed as precipitant to the already existing nuclear arms race among the regional triangle; Pakistan, China and India. Both Pakistan and china showed their loathsome response to the deal and considered it as a conceived blow to the regional strategic stability, for they have their longstanding territorial issues with India. Besides the strategic asymmetry that it procreates in south Asia, the deal also ensures a reassurance effect for the nuclear runner up countries like Iran and North Korea, who are in the way around near to become a nuclear power states. Moreover, US-India nuclear deal also proves lethal to Pakistan-US relation that focuses on the strategic stability of Afghanistan primarily. It spawns many kinds of suspicions in Pakistanâ€™s government toward the US over the later impartial diplomatic approach toward the former. Pakistan in return embarks upon a cordial relation with the Russian to reciprocate the US-India new engagement. Somehow, it gives enough reasons for Pakistan to embolden its defense, economic and political ties with Russian and China in a bid to counterweight Indian influence in the region. The nations of both developing countries India and Pakistan are reeling under multiple problems ranging from abject poverty, poor health facilities, illiteracy, to unemployment and lacking basic life amenities. Ironically enough, the ever-gloomy picture of the people in these countries on one side and their disproportionate defense expenditures on other side forecast destructive consequences in offing as the underdeveloped society is a time bomb and can be turned violently against the state. Hence, the region is in crucial need of human development in terms of education, health, economic resources, industrialization, job security and social security against all odds. The time is ripened up for both India and Pakistan to draw their attention away from arms acquisition toward regional multilateral engagements and should learn the lesson of European countries how could ably they translate their once perennial rivalry into perpetual friendship.
Impact of Energy Consumption on CO2 emissions: Case of Pakistan
Authors: Bukhari Nadia , Waseem Muhammad
Published: August 2018

This study investigates the long-term relationship between the carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, along with final consumption expenditure with regards to Pakistan by employing time series data from 1972 to 2013. For empirical analysis the Auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology is employed. A relationship between the energy consumption and the CO2 emission has been founded. The results of granger causality test point out the one way causality runs through energy consumption to carbon dioxide emission. The findings of the study also show that the CO2 emission is mainly determined by the energy consumption and the final consumption expenditure.
The Impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and relationship marketing on relationship maintainer and customer loyalty by mediating role of customer satisfaction
Authors: Bhatti Anam , Arif Sumbal , Marium Marium , Younas Sohail
Published: August 2018

CSR has become one of the imperative implements in satisfying customers. The impartial of this research is to calculate CSR, relationship marketing, and customer satisfaction. There is no more study accompanied in Pakistan to quantify the effect of CSR and relationship marketing on the relationship maintainer and customer loyalty. To find out deductive approach and survey method is used as research approach and research strategy respectively. This research design is descriptive and quantitative study. For data, collection questionnaire method with semantic differential scale and seven point scales are adopted. Data has been collected by adopting the non-probability convenience technique as sampling technique and the sample size is 400. For factor confirmatory factor analysis, structure equation modeling and medication analysis, regression analysis Amos software were used. Strong empirical evidence supports that the customerâ€™s perception of CSR performance is highly influenced by the values
Impact of Social media brand communication on Brand Knowledge: Mediating role of Brand Image & Brand Awareness Application of CBBE model theory of Keller
Authors: Bhatti Anam , Arif Sumbal , Mehar Mariam , Younas Sohail
Published: August 2018

In 21st century, where the use of social media is growing day by day. Individuals prefer social media for personal and professional use. Corporations are also communicating with their customers through the social media. Which increase awareness about the product of a specific brand. That ultimately develops brand knowledge. The basic objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the social media brand communication and brand knowledge by considering brand image and brand awareness as mediators. This study is quantitative in nature so for the purpose of data collection we adopted questionnaire method. 200 questionnaires were distributed among the students of thebusinessdepartment. Data was tested through SPSS (Statistical Packages for the Social Science) as well as AMOS (Analysis Movement of Structure) Software. Findings of this research show there is apositive and significant relationship among social media brand communication and brand knowledge. Moreover, brand image and brand awareness have extensively mediated the relationship between social media brand communication and brand knowledge.
Aesthetics of Retailers: An Evaluation of Self-Service, Full Service, and Web-Retailers
Authors: Aziz Khurram
Published: August 2018

Â Organizational aesthetics is a new area of organizational study and relates with a form of human knowledge which a person develops by using his five senses including hearing, sight, touch, taste, and smell. This knowledge of a person is associated with developing a perception about an organization, its purpose, main values, etc. Aesthetics shapes emotions, attitudes, and behavior of people. The aim of this research is to evaluate aesthetics of different service level of retailers of convenience products. Such evaluation of aesthetics of retailers based on service level would become the basis of evaluation of how each option generates value for the customers. Such knowledge will be useful for the organizational decision makers and they can use it to select/adjust service level with the desired level of value. In order to achieve the stated aim, a scientific research was carried out by the researchers. The researchers used case study research methods to analyze the dynamics of retail sales level in order to evaluate related aesthetics. The purpose was to evaluate, contrast and compare the aesthetics of different service levels (self-service, assorted-service, and full-service). The data collected during this research project was exclusively carried out for this research project only and was collected during the month of March 2016. Data was collected from different countries including United States of America and Pakistan. The findings of the research uncovered that style of three diverse retail benefit levels change in view of; design of retail outlet, comfort-related with each type of outlet, cleanliness, basic leadership process, impact of sales representatives, self-rule of purchaser in choosing items/administrations, cost of operations to retailer, speed of administration, assortment looking for conduct, music, sound and video in retail condition, capacity to counsel others, chance to feel items, level of instruction, chance to retailer of association and gaining from clients and shopping at claim speed. Retailers should choose their retailing technique (self-benefit retailing, full-benefit retailing and e-retailer) after a watchful investigation of these variables.
Mediating effect of knowledge sharing between participative decision making, transformational leadership and organization performance
Authors: Nazir Tahira , Shah Syed Fida Hussain
Published: August 2018

This is the era of information economy. Performance of the organization is credited to knowledge and information. Intellectual capital is considered to be the most important assets. But dilemma is that only some organization focus on generation and preservation of knowledge. Participative decision making and transformational leaders are great tools of successful implementation of Knowledge management practices. This study is intended to study the impact of the impact of Knowledge Sharing, Participative Decision Making and Transformational Leadership on Organization Performance. A survey instrument covering knowledge sharing (KS), participative decision making (PDM), transformational leadership (TL), and organizational performance was developed. Data was collected by postal and personal surveys from health, education, manufacturing, telecom, and financial sector of Gujranwala and Lahore region of Pakistan using stratified random sampling technique. Sample size was 300 and 245 complete questionnaires were received back with response rate of 81.7%. The survey instrument used for the study was shown to be valid and reliable. Statistical analytical tools like (kindly mention all the tools) were used. Results of data analysis proposed a correlation between Â This study is probably the first to understand the impact of KM practices on organizational performance. It offers valuable information about KM to all the organizations particularly those operating in Pakistan.
Quadruple culture type approaches impacting employees attributes
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad , Qureshi Muhammad Imran
Published: August 2018

The study examines the relationship among organizational culture, employee performance, employee satisfaction and turnover in the telecommunication sector of Pakistan. Empirical studies are needed to understand the phenomena, so that the organizations would be able to handle the barriers in management objectives. It was a field study so survey was formed and conducted; data was gathered through distributed questionnaires from 260 employees of public & private, national and multinationals organizations from the cities of Rawalpindi-Islamabad. All the employees willingly participated in the survey though their confidentiality was in tacked. Interestingly the results of this specific investigation make this study unique and important as it indicated that organizational culture types Community, Innovative, Competitive and Bureaucratic on employee performance, satisfaction and turnover have different impacts. The study relies on cross-sectional data obtained once from employees of multiple multinationals and national organizations. The employees were from all three types of organizations i.e. service providers, contractors and sub-contractors. Regression tests were applied to analyze the data. . It leads to conclusion that employees are performing well, even being unsatisfied and want to remain with their current jobs. This study provides the knowledge that the results of the measures of same constructs cannot be same across different cultures and countries. With this study government and managers should realize the alarming situation in their organizations regarding employeesâ€™ behaviors in sometimes unfeasible organizational cultures.  The future studies should examine the political and economic constructs and their influence on organizational culture and employees. The present study wishes to contribute in the knowledge gap regarding how organizational culture is impacting employeesâ€™ performance, satisfaction and turnover in telecommunication sector of Pakistan It also raises the importance for exploring and developing the theories on the basis of economic and political aspects rather perceiving single theory equally across different cultures.
A Study of Branding Issues in PC World UK
Authors: Bhatti Mansoor Nazir
Published: August 2018

This report is basically focused on the internet services and all the issues related to online services of the PC World. The report started with the basic introduction of the PC World, it includes how the PC World started the business in the UK and what are its key services and product line. PC World is doing a business of retailing which is the services sector and provide advisory services as well for the potential customers. Then the next step is branding issues, in this section it has been viewed that how the PC World continuously and with consistency remain in the market with stronger brand name in the mind of the customer and then the extent of online segmentation has been discussed in which it has been analyzed that the PC World is well aware of the segmentation and done a good work in respect of segmentation. The next issue is the transactional facilities and then the degree of online and offline integration, how these two factors relates to each other and in the end there are some recommendation and suggestions for the PC World for better competes in the highly competitive market.Â
The impact of gender discrimination on trait sports confidence (TSCI) in Pakistani athleteâ€™s
Authors: Jamshaid Fahmida , Ahmed Bilal
Published: August 2018

The main purpose of the study was to study the gender discrimination and trait sports confidenceof Pakistani sport persons withspecial reference to their socio-cultural factors associated with female sports participation and performance.Another purpose of the study was to examine and find out whether one psychosocial (self-confidence) dimension exercised a stronger influence on gender.  The analysis was administered to a sample of 300 (150 males and 150 females) athletes aged 17 to 24 who participated sports at various level in a variety of sports like cricket, hockey, basketball, table tennis, badminton and athletics. Each of the subject responded to a modified version of Trait Sports Confidence Inventory (Vealey, R.S.  (1986). An analysis of the results illustrated that significant difference existed between male and female playerâ€™s trait sportconfidence due to the socioeconomic and socio cultural attitudes and environments.
The effect of organizational culture on knowledge sharing among academic staff holding an administrative position in university
Authors: Mahmoud Mohammad , Rasli Amran Md , Othman Mohd Fauzi bin , Abdulahad Bawer Marwan
Published: August 2018

Knowledge sharing is the primary source of gaining competitive advantage and achieving long term success. Knowledge sharing is affected by many factors and the foremost of them is the culture of an organization. Organizational culture will help in developing the knowledge sharing practices among the members of an organization and achieve organizational objectives. The aim of the present study; firstly, to find out how the culture affects knowledge sharing in UTM (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) and which of the cultural factors are more prevalent in developing knowledge sharing practices; secondly, to determine the level of knowledge sharing among the academic staff holding administrative positions in various faculties and departments of the university. Using quantitative approach, data was collected through survey questionnaire from a sample of 132 respondents. The analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. Three of the dimensions of OC, workgroup support, information technology, and social interaction are found to be most significant in UTM, while reward system is found to be insignificant. Knowledge sharing is found to be high among academic staff holding administrative posts. The study concludes that organizational culture factors, workgroup support, information technology and social interaction are the most important factors that are helping in enhancing knowledge sharing in UTM. Finally, some recommendations related to the future studies are also included like investigating all levels and incorporating both administrative and academic staff, comparison with other public sector universities and between public and private sector universities.
Impact of customer relationship management on customer satisfaction in hoteling industry
Authors: Nazir Sanaullah , Khan Sheraz , Jamil Raja Ahmed , Mehmood Qazi Shujaat
Published: August 2018

Customer satisfaction is an imperative element of the success for all businesses. One of the biggest challenges of a marketer is how to satisfy and retain the customers. The purpose of this study is to find the impact of customer relationship management on customer satisfaction.  A total of 130 participants was selected through purposive sampling from the different hotels of Islamabad city. Data was collected from the participants by using standardized questionnaires. Results revealed that there is a significant positive impact of different elements of customer relationship management (service quality, access to services and service features) on customer satisfaction and businesses cannot succeed without focusing on customer relationship management in this era.
Service quality in higher education: Study of Turkish students in Malaysian universities
Authors: Rasli Amran Md , Bhatti Mansoor Ahmed , Norhalim Nadhirah , Kowang Tan Owee
Published: August 2018

The Article attempts to analyze service quality in higher education institutions of Malaysia. The study used the Gap Model presented by Parasuraman et al. (1985, 1988) to identify the difference between expected quality and perceived quality in higher education institutions of Malaysia. The study focused to identify gaps of Turkish students in Malaysian universities Five basic dimensions of service quality measured through SERVQUAL (Instrument for service quality measurement). These dimensions are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. A stratified sample of 41 Turkish students has been selected from top five public universities in Malaysia. Results showed a negative service quality gap in higher education institutions of Malaysia from Turkish studentsâ€™ perception which indicated perceived service quality is below than expectations of Turkish students in Malaysian universities.
Influence of celebrity endorsement on consumer purchase intention for existing products: a comparative study
Authors: Jamil Raja Ahmed , Hassan Syed Rameez ul
Published: August 2018

Advertisement by Involvement of celebrities becomes an essence in modern competitive marketing environment for high recognition and creation of strong product perception. Celebrity endorsement is the main focus of the study where Pakistani and Indian celebrities with their attributes are used for their endorsement effect on purchase intention. A sample of 300 was taken to assess the contrast between Indian and Pakistani celebrity endorsement effects on purchase intention in Pakistan. Similar and competitive brands are chosen which are endorsed by Pakistani and Indian Celebrities separately. Results of the study showed that endorsement through local and Indian celebrities has similar and not much significant influence on purchase intention in Pakistan, with no major difference by country origin of celebrity. In the study consumer celebrity relationship is assessed and confirms that attributes of celebrity (Local or Indian) are not much important for intent to purchase for existing products but quality, brand image and brand loyalty are the key factors for intention to purchase. Implication for research and practice are discussed.
Financial Performance of Investment Banks: A Comparison
Authors: Jamil Raja Ahmed , Ilahi Ihsan , Kazmi Sibtain
Published: August 2018

Investment banks are the most important contributors in the economic development of a country. And they offer huge impact on capital and credit markets of the country. This study compared the financial performance of top ten investment banks on the basis of credit rating in 2014 for the period of 2009 to 2013. Financial ratios and financial measures were taken for the said purpose. Financial measures were based upon two indicators total asset and total equity. Financial ratios included return on assets ratio (ROA), return on Equity ratio (ROE), Admin Expenses to Profit before Tax Ratio, Cash and Cash Equivalent to Total Assets Ratio, and capital ratio. This study concluded that ranking of banks differs as the financial ratios change.Â
Preliminary Study of the Impact of Critical Success Factors on Project Success in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Aqeel , Younis Muhammad Sehail
Published: August 2018

This preliminary study attempts to link among the critical success factors on overall project success in public sector organizations in Pakistan. Â In this study itâ€™s reflected that major critical success factors (soundness of Business & workforce, planning & control, quality performance and past performance) can enhance the success of the project in Pakistan. Â The purpose of this preliminary study was to verify the reliability of the survey instrument which has been used in European countries. It was found that the planning & control was the highest Cronbach Alpha value, while the ranged for each constructs in the present study from 0.68 to 0.88.Â  Therefore, based on the Cronbach alpha value score, the proposed survey instrument has fulfilled the basic requirement of a valid instrument.
How Does Stock Prices Respond to Various Macroeconomic Factors? A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Ayaz
Published: August 2018

Over the time everything flourished, at the same token the interrelationship among the stock market prices, returns and macroeconomic factors got attendance of the researchers in the field of finance and economics around the world. In this respect current study is an attempt to investigate the response of various macroeconomic factors (GDP, Money Supply, inflation, exchange rate and Size of firm) toward stock market prices in case of Karachi stock exchange over a period of 1971 to 2012. The study utilizes Autoregressive Distributed lag model (ARDL) technique. The results shows that in long run each factor significantly contribute to the stock price while in shot run some factors were significant while some were not but the error correction term shows significant convergence toward equilibrium. The findings of study suggest that for smoothness of stock market the current factors must be targeted.
A study on Co-integration of Pakistani Stock Market with selected Asian Stock Markets
Authors: Shezad Anjum , Jan Farzand Ali , Gulzar Saqib , Ansari M. Akram
Published: August 2018

Pakistani Equity Market has seen many ups and downs since the last two decades. The local investors are feeling themselves much insecure in indigenous investment. The reasons behind are political instability, severe power crises and terrorism which compelled the local investors to go across boarder and need to explore the multiple option of investment in international securities to minimize the investment risk. The main purpose and scope of this study is to explore causal and dynamic linkages of Karachi Stock Exchange, KSE-100 index (Pakistan) with emerging stock markets of Nikkei-225 (Japan), Shanghai Stock Exchange, SSE (China), Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, KLSE (Malaysia) and Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation, TSEC Taiwan. The most recent data is taken from January, 2001 to December, 2013. Monthly stock index observations are taken. Descriptive statistics, Correlation Analysis, Unit Root Test, VAR, Co-integration Test, VECM Test are used to identify the presence of short-term as well as long-term associations. Empirical results indicate that KSE-100 is a volatile market and have suitable level of returns. Moreover, KSE-100 index has not long-term relationship with Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan and China but Taiwan, China and Japan has short run relationships to KSE. The findings conclude that there is a further need of future study to explore the factors of economic integration amongst these equity markets. The study overall exhibits awareness not only for economic and financial decision makers but also for international as well as regional investors about the benefit opportunities of portfolio diversification in these equity markets, funds management and trends of the stock market.
Perceived Sources of Stress among faculty members of COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
Authors: Yusoff Rosman Bin Md , Azam Kamran
Published: August 2018

The present study aims at exploring the perceived sources of stress among the faculty members of COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan by examining the stress coping methods used by faculty members for devising proposed stress management practices to faculty members. Two self-administered questionnaires were distributed among 150 randomly selected teachers from five campuses of (CIIT), Pakistan. The 1st questionnaire comprised 20-items regarding five teacherâ€™s stressors while the second questionnaire contained 10-itmes about the individual stress copying techniques. Scores for items on stressors & stress copying techniques were computed by adding weights assigned and then an Exploratory Factor analysis was run for extracting stress contributing factors. The total teacherâ€™s stress score ranged from 25 to 100 in which female, 25-30 years age group & single teacher had high stress scores. Total 18 items were loaded high (0.60+) on the five factors of stress after factor analysis. Majority of teachers (64%) practiced behavioral self-control, exercise and relaxation techniques for coping stress. This study does not investigate casual link between stress and stress contributing sources among teachers. The results of the study are useful both to academic world and to educational policy makers. This study is an addition to existing knowledge on university teachersâ€™ stress in Pakistan. The awareness about stress contributing factors is vital to the university teachers in Pakistan because the problem of teachersâ€™ stress if left unchecked can have devastating effects both on teachers as well on students.
Effect of Dividend Policy on Stock Prices
Authors: Ali Adnan , Sharif Ilyas , Jan Farzand Ali
Published: August 2018

This investigates the effect of dividend policy on stock prices. Objective of the study is to see if there exists any relationship between dividend policy and stock prices. We analyzed 45 non-financial companies listed on KSE-100 index that have earned profits and paid dividend for a period of twelve-year w.e.f. 2001. Technique adopted for sampling adopted is convenience sampling. As the nature of data is panel therefore, pooled regression, fixed and random effect tests are run. Random effect results are focused after applying Hausmanâ€™s test. Regression Results witness that Dividend per Share and Retention Ratio have an insignificant relationship with Share Market Prices. Dividend Payout Ratio has a significant positive relationship with Share Prices as supported by the Bird in hand theory suggested that owners give preference to a dollar of estimated dividends over a likely dollar of capital gains. Profit after tax, Earning per share and Return on Equity are the three control variables. Profit after Tax has insignificant relation to Stock Prices. Earnings per Share have positive significant relation to Stock Prices. There is negative significant relation between Return on Equity and Share Prices. It is recommended that firms in the sample should regularly pay dividend as it will cause an upward movement in the stock market prices, whereas profit retention by firms will result in a decrease in the value of the stock market prices.
Relationship between Inflation and other Macro Economic Variables in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Adnan , Jan Farzand Ali , Khan Sami Ullah
Published: August 2018

Conventionally, it is claimed that persistently higher deficit in government budget may cause the inflation to rise in the long run but this relationship is not conclusive empirically. Therefore, the present study is aimed to determine the relationship between inflation and other studied variables of macroeconomic i.e. fiscal deficit and supply of money in the short run as well as in the long run in Pakistan. the bound testing approach to co-integration and VAR model, established within an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) is used to annual data of time series covering the period of time from 1960 to 2010 for examining the studied variables both in short run as well as in long run. The conclusion of the study shows that the relationship between the studied variables is insignificant in the long-run but the outcomes of VAR model illustrate that a short run positive relationship between the studied variables cannot be ignored. The study further indicates that 1% change in budget deficit and money supply caused to change the inflation by 0.29 and 0.31 times respectively in the short run. The results provide strong evidence that the government may target reducing the inflation by generating domestic economic resources to boost the economic growth instead of reducing budget deficit.
The Impact of Dividend Policy on Firm Performance under High or Low Leverage; Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ali Adnan , Jan Farzand Ali , Atta Maryam
Published: August 2018

This study aims to find out the impact of dividend policy on firm performance under high or low debt for all the non-financial sector companies listed on Karachi Stock Exchange. This study has utilized the secondary data published by State Bank of Pakistan in the shape of Balance Sheet Analysis of non-financial sector for the period of 2006 to 2001 with the sample size consisting of 122 companies. Panel data models have been applied to examine the impact of dividend policy on firm performance in the presence of high or low leverage. Mainly it has focused on using two performance measures i.e. Tobinâ€™s Q and Return on Equity both as dependent variables while the control variable includes the firm size and growth with debt as the moderating variable. Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier test for random effects suggested that OLS is better than fixed effect. It is found that the dividend payout ratio has got significant positive relationship with Tobinâ€™s Q and ROA when there is both less and high debt. In addition, there is no moderating effect of debt on the relationship between dividend payout ratio and firm performance of all the non-financial firms listed in KSE.
Customer Satisfaction Level in Islamic Banking and conventional Banking (A Case of Pakistan)
Authors: Ullah Rafi , Iftikhar Mehwish , Shahid Muhammad Umer , Shahab Muhammad Hamza
Published: August 2018

The main purpose of this research study was to identify the level of customerâ€™s satisfaction by using the products and services of both Islamic and conventional banks in Pakistan. Furthermore, this research study determined the customerâ€™s satisfaction level in banking in terms of; internet banking, management interaction and the banking environment, service quality in term of SERVQUAL model, ATM facilities, privacy and security The main objective of the study was to investigate the following main points.(1) Customer`s satisfaction level in Islamic and conventional banks. (2) Why customers prefer to choose Islamic banking system in Pakistan? (3) Why customers prefer to choose conventional banking system in Pakistan? It is therefore, a critical literature has been carried out which investigated the real factors through which customer satisfaction take place in banking sector. The closed ended questionnaire has been used in this research study in order to collect research data. To analyze the collected data, cross tabulations and charts have also been used which showed the satisfaction level of the customers of Islamic and conventional banks and also to differentiate between the participant`s responses of Islamic and conventional banks. A large number of factors have been observed from the research study analysis which illustrated that, in Pakistan, customers are more satisfied from the products and services of conventional banks rather than that of Islamic banks. However, in Pakistan, the customer satisfaction in all financial institutions is not as good as according to the standard. In addition, the banking sector is trying to improve all of their products and services and want to make them according to the international standard. But due to various factors such as; the political instability and religious norms, the banking sector is still far behind.
Activities in Team Work Among Head Teachers and Parents for The Improvement of Inclusive Education in Regular Public Primary Schools in Meru County
Authors: MWIRICHIA SEVERINA MUKOKINYA , Kibaara Tarsila
Published: August 2018

Through appropriate activities in teamwork among head teachers and parents, inclusive education is improved. The purpose of the study was to analyse activities in team work among head teachers and parents for the improvement of inclusive education in regular public primary schools, in Meru County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to examine activities in team work among head teachers and parents for the improvement of inclusive education. The significance of the study was to inform education policy makers, who need the study results to evaluate the current policies on inclusion and formulate appropriate ones for promoting head teacher-parent collaboration to improve the status of inclusive education for all learners. The study was guided by Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological systems theory and Peters’ input-process-outcome-context framework of Inclusive Education. Qualitative research approach method was predominantly used. The target population was 101,612. Through purposive sampling, 24 participants were selected. The study instruments used included; questionnaires, interview schedules, focus group discussion guide, observations and documents’ analysis schedules. Qualitative data analysis was done with the help of computer package, ATLAS. ti. The study findings were presented using narratives within themes generated from the collected data. It was found that, though, many head teachers carried out numerous activities, as a team with the parents, challenges contributed to minimal improvement of inclusive education. It was recommended that, the school stakeholders should be well sensitized on the collaboration for the improvement of inclusive education.

Key words: Activities, head teacher-parent collaboration, inclusive education, Meru County.
Distance Education
Authors: Lima Thales Oliveira , CARNEIRO IOLANDA BORGES , Lima Luciano Vieira
Published: August 2018

This article presents a new tool to be used in distance learning courses: Structured Knowledge Maps. The method is best adapted to what one wants to teach/transmit (explicit/tacit knowledge), personalizing the didactic material to the student and equalizing the necessary knowledge for all the learners in the same class, that is, if the student performed the TAQ and was qualified, when participating in each stage of the course he or she will be in an equal position with the other students to acquire the knowledge. This makes teaching democratic, as educators like to say that this is necessary but fail to do. This tool, applied to Distance Learning or EAD as is it known in Brazil, aims to guarantee the effectiveness of learning, in addition to ensuring the memorization of the acquired knowledge and, consequently, the permanence of the student throughout the course. Based on the Theory of Categories and Theory of Functors, the tool is constituted by a Radius of Knowledge and an Area of Ignorance, which applied, in parallel to the Method of Effective Memorization in the Binary Base 2n, contributes to the creation of a new model of Distance Learning. In this process, we consider the aspects of the Complex Systems Theory that demonstrate failures in the application of the current Distance Learning model used not only in Brazil but in the vast majority of Distance Learning courses that exist today all over the world. In this way, considering the dynamicity of learning and the transmission of knowledge, the Structured Knowledge Maps ensure plasticity in the teaching-learning process, allowing the student to go through as many branches of knowledge and concepts as necessary to start a new Ray of Knowledge, prerequisites required to initiate the initial Ray of Knowledge, ensuring that it will only pass to another Ray of Knowledge when all Area of Ignorance is eliminated, in other words, when all questions are cleared. Learning is confirmed when the student undergoes a non-dual evaluation process which ensures that what was taught was effectively learned.
Evaluation of optimal lysine level in Myanmar local breed and DYL crossed breed pig
Authors: Ngeun Koung , Swe Khin Hnin , Maw Aye Aye , Moe Hla Hla
Published: August 2018

A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was comprised 2x3 factorial arrangements of two breeds (DYL and local breed) and three different lysine levels. The 12 weeks old, nine castrated DYL and nine castrated local breed were randomly allocated in each individual pen to six treatment groups with three replicates into 18 pens. Two breeds of pigs (DYL and local breed) were exposed to the three different dietary treatments, L1- basal diet without lysine supplementation, L2- basal diet with 1.15% total lysine for grower and L3- basal diet with 1.65% total lysine for grower. The growth performance and feed intake were determined for growing pigs. In this study, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found in feed intake among the three different treatments. However, significantly better body weight, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in pigs fed L2 and L3 but were not significantly (p>0.05) differ from each other. Otherwise, diets without lysine supplementation (L1) showed no better effect on the growth performances of both DYL and local breeds. It could be noted that L2 was the best level to obtain optimal growth performances and farm efficiency. Between the two breeds, body weight of DYL was superior over that of local breed. The interactions were observed between lysine levels and different breeds regard for body weight and cumulative weight gain. To wrap up, it was noticeable that crystalline lysine supplementation helped to improve growth performance in both breeds.
Professional Growth and Development of Private Secondary School Administrators and Teachers of the Three Cities of Batangas Province
Authors: Sanohan Clint A.
Published: August 2018

The problem lies within the individual’s desire to improve oneself morally, socially, intellectually and professionally. With all these aspects on hand as prominent keys to every possible success of a person, it will also equally serve as shield to life’s challenges and obstacles. It is, therefore, the primary objective of the school to make sure these people working within the system be highly capable and qualified to do the job required of them and elicit exceeding traits to acquire success within their own fields of education. It is this prominent concept that the researcher observes the deficiency and sometimes even the lack of teacher and school administrator enhancements that are, most of the times, neglected to attain the goals and objectives of the institution.
Analysis of Negative Transfer in Junior High Students’ English Writing Errors
Authors: Xueping Yang
Published: August 2018

It has become a very significant topic that how to help students overcome the Chinese negative transfer in English writing. This research attempts to investigate the main types of errors made by junior middle school students in their English writing, then to explore the causes of the identified errors, in order to avoid these types of errors. The research subjects are 107 students from two classes in grade eight of No.10 Middle School of Nanchong. Questionnaire and composition writing are used as instruments in this research. It hopes that, this paper can help teachers and students to overcome the influence of Chinese negative transfer, improve students’ English writing.
Women Transformational Leadership
Authors: Jalin Thomas
Published: August 2018

This research survey was done in relation to my studies at University Technology Malaysia (UTM) specialising in Management and Administration in Education. The main aim and objective of my study is to critically analyse women transformational leadership issues in the Government Sectors and Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs), as well the chances of women to be appointed as District Officer and Assistant District Officer in the State Administration of Sabah. Thirty (30) Sabahan women leaders are randomly selected as respondents from the five (5) Organisations in the Government Sector and (5) five NGOs for this study. The survey questionnaires were distributed to the targeted respondents to find out their needs and expectations, if any, for their views, opinions and recommendations on how to improve women opportunities for career advancement within their respective organisations and workplace in Sabah.
KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DAN SENYAWA KATINON PADA DAUN KHAT MERAH (Catha edulis)
Authors: Adhariani Mimi , Maslahat Mamay , Sutamihardja RTM
Published: August 2018

Phytochemical Content and Katinon Coumpound in Red Khat (Catha edulis) Leaves          Khat Plant (Catha edulis) belongs to the Celastraceae family that originated in East Africa and the Arabian plateau. Khat plant has green leaves with finely toothed oval shape resembling betel leaves and fragrant. The active component Khat leaves was cathinone which is an alkaloids group. Cathinone which has the chemical formula of 2-amino-1-phenyl propanone is often referred to as a natural amphetamine because it produced effects like amphetamine that could penetrate the nervous system , adrenaline and as stimulant. The purpose of this study was to identify phytochemical compounds in red khat leaves (Catha edulis) using gas chromatography-mass spectra. The results showed that extracts of red leaf khat (Catha edulis) contained of secondary metabolites, they were alkaloids, phenolics, glycosides, steroids / triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Based on the identification of khat leaf extract (Catha edulis) at pH 8, 9 and 10 showed the presence of katin compounds at different concentrations, while the cathinone compounds were not identified at all three types of the extract.Keywords : Catha edulis, phytochemical ,metabolite secondary, gas chromatography-mass spectra ABSTRAK          Tanaman Khat (Catha edulis) termasuk dalam famili Celastraceae yang berasal dari Afrika Timur dan dataran Arab. Tanaman Khat memiliki daun berwarna hijau bergerigi halus dengan bentuk oval menyerupai daun sirih, dan berbau harum.  Komponen aktif daun Khat yaitu katinona merupakan senyawa kimia golongan  alkaloid. Katinona dengan rumus kimia 2-amino-1-fenil propanon sering disebut sebagai amfetamin alami  karena menghasilkan efek seperti amfetamin yang bisa menembus susunan saraf pusat, memacu adrenalin dan stimulansia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa fitokimia dan katinon dalam daun khat merah (Catha edulis) menggunakan kromatografi gas spektra massa .Hasil penelitian menunjukan serbuk simplisia daun khat merah (Catha edulis) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid, fenolik, glikosida, steroid/triterpenoid, flavonoid, tanin serta saponin. Berdasarkan identifikasi ekstrak daun khat merah (Catha edulis) pada pH 8, 9 dan 10 menggunakan KG-SM menunjukan adanya senyawa katin pada konsentrasi yang berbeda, sedangkan senyawa katinona tidak ditemukan pada ke tiga jenis pH ekstrak tersebut.Kata kunci : Catha edulis, fitokimia, metabolit sekunder, kromatografi gas-spektra massa