bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of carotid plaque on carotid artery stiffness indicators in hypertensive patients with and without accompanying type 2 diabetes
Authors: Syvolap V. V. , Bohun A. O.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To compare the elastic properties of the common carotid arteries (CCA) in patients with stage II hypertension (HTN) depending on the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic plaque (ASP) <50 % of carotid arteries (CA).
Materials and methods. The study included 80 patients with stage II HTN, 43 of them without type 2 DM, 37 with type 2 DM, average age – 57.7, 55.3 % men. Basic anthropometric data, laboratory indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, creatinine, data of daily blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography, intima-media thickness, local stiffness indicators: artery diameter, distensibility, the distensibility coefficient (DC), and compliance coefficient (CC), stiffness indices α, β, local pulse wave velocity (PWV), pressure and augmentation index (using radiofrequency-based technologies) were studied. Statistical analysis was performed; the probability of differences is at the level of p < 0.05.
Results. The prevalence of ASP in the carotid basin in the group of patients with HTN without DM was 51.1 %, with DM – 54.0 % (p = 0.79). While comparing the elastic properties of CCA of patients without ASP, no reliable similarities were found in the studied indicators. In patients with HTN, accompanying type 2 DM with ASP, the diameter of the CCA was significantly larger by 11.8 % (p = 0.03), and the CC was also higher by 23.6 % (p = 0.049) than in patients with HTN without DM. In patients with HTN with and without DM the limit levels for the intima-media thickness of the left CCA associated with the presence of atheroma were determined, however, the comparison of the areas under the ROC curves did not reveal a statistical difference in the cut-off values in the studied groups (р = 0.681).
Conclusions. A feature of CCA remodeling in HTN patients with DM at the stage of ASP presence should be considered a more substantial increase in the diameter of the CCA with preservation of the distensibility of the plaque-free vascular wall. The addition of a second factor (DM) to one risk factor (HTN) is not accompanied by a further statistically significant increase in IMT as a mandatory prerequisite for the appearance of ASP.
Transcutaneous oximetry of angiosomes of maxillary and facial arteries
Authors: Luchyn I. I. , Kryvanych A. V. , Zhero N. I. , Pavuk F. M. , Rusyn V. I.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To qualitatively predict and control the quality of periodontal diseases treatment, to determine changes in the transcutaneous pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in angiosomes of maxillary and facial arteries in healthy adults.
Materials and methods. 17 healthy people participated in this study. There were 10 (58 %) men aged 24 (22–27), weight 66 (62–80) kg and height 175 (169–182) cm and 7 (42 %) women, whose average age was 23 (20–26) years old, weight 58 (47–72) kg, height 165 (160–178) cm.
Results. The highest values of tissue perfusion with oxygen were observed in the angiosomes of the upper jaw compared to the angiosomes of the lower jaw, where this indicator ranged from 105 to 153 mm Hg. On the lower jaw, the maximum value of the regional perfusion index (RPI) of 1.70 ± 0.04 was observed at the point of measurement where a. mentalis exits through the homonymous chin orifice, anastomosing with the branches of a. facialis. The highest values of tissue perfusion with carbon dioxide were observed in angiosomes of the lower jaw (28–36 mm Hg). In general, non-invasive measurements of oxygen and carbon dioxide pressure in tissues allow more accurate and direct visualization and control of microcirculation in the tissues of the corresponding angiosomes.
Conclusions. The index of regional perfusion on the upper jaw is normally in the range of 2.2 to 2.6 (р < 0.0001). In the angiosome of the lower jaw, the RPI value is within 1.3–1.7, respectively (p < 0.0001). The tension of carbon dioxide in the tissues of the upper and lower jaw averages 31–34 mm Hg (р < 0.05), reaches its maximum in the zones of the lowest oxygen perfusion.
Hantavirus infection in a child: clinical case
Authors: Kurochkin M. Yu. , Davydova A. H. , Boiarska L. M. , Kapusta V. M. , Koshel S. M.
Published: April 2024

Hantavirus infection is a rare zoonotic viral disease characterized by fever, interstitial pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, respiratory distress syndrome, acute heart failure, renal failure and digestive tract disorders.
The aim of the work is to acquaint practitioners with the case of hantavirus infection in a child.
Materials and methods. The child was treated at Zaporizhzhia City Pediatric Hospital No. 5. He underwent clinical and biochemical blood tests, microbiological, radiological and ultrasound examinations using hospital equipment. Determination of immunoglobulins M and G to hantavirus by immunofluorescence analysis was conducted in a reference laboratory.
Results. The child was admitted with complaints of headache, fever, epigastric pain, vomiting and stools with blood, shortness of breath, cough, blood in sputum, muscle pain, decreased diuresis. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated ESR, elevated procalcitonin and creatinine levels, and hypercoagulability. Instrumentally, right-sided interstitial pneumonia and duodenal ulcer were diagnosed. The positive result for hantavirus infection was confirmed by the levels of immunoglobulins M and G to hantavirus and the increase in their titers in the dynamics. Comprehensive intensive care resulted in relatively rapid recovery of the child.
Conclusions. The criteria for the diagnosis of hantavirus infection with pulmonary and renal syndromes are: the presence of interstitial pulmonary edema, fever with myalgias, arthralgias, cephalgia, nausea, vomiting and headache, followed by oliguria. Neutrophilic leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased hematocrit, proteinuria, and microhematuria are characteristic. Determination of IgM and G to hantavirus and their dynamics is effective for confirming the diagnosis. Hantavirus infection is rather rare in Ukraine. Clinical discussions of diseases that are rarely occurring in practice are useful for physicians and will facilitate a faster diagnostic search.
MICRO-EVIDENCE FROM BUSINESSES OPERATING IN THE BIST TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION SECTOR
Authors: Ateş Gizem , Marşap Beyhan
Published: April 2024

Today, technology trade and investment represent a global economy that disregards national boundaries. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to reveal the effect of whether businesses operating in the technology and IT sector operate in technology zones or not on their financial performance, and customer satisfaction and internationalization levels are examined. The financial statements of 31 businesses listed in Borsa Istanbul (BIST) technology and IT sector for the year 2022 were subjected to ratio analysis. Businesses located in technology development zones and businesses located outside technology development zones were grouped and the results of the ratio analysis were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test. According to the findings, no difference was found between the businesses located in technology development zones and the businesses outside the zone in terms of liquidity ratios, activity ratios, and customer satisfaction. However, a significant difference was found in terms of the ratio of non-current assets to continuing capital among financial structure ratios; a significant difference was found in terms of gross profit margin ratio and operating profit margin ratio among profitability ratios. In terms of internationalization level, it was determined that the businesses located in technology development zones showed superior performance.
Increased risk of acute kidney injury in the first part of an ultra‐trail—Implications for abandonment
Authors: Vauthier Jean‐Charles , Touze Charlie , Mauvieux Benoit , Hingrand Corentin , Delaunay Pierre‐Louis , Besnard Stéphane , Jouffroy Romain , Noirez Philippe , Maboudou Patrice , Parent Cassandra , Heyman Elsa , Poussel Mathias
Published: April 2024

Acute kidneys injuries (AKIs) have been described in marathon and trail running. The currently available data allows assessment of before/after comparisons but does not allow an analysis of what happens during the race. A multidisciplinary assessment protocol was performed during the first trail of Clécy (Normandy France) in November 2021. This allowed an initial assay to be carried out, then at the end of each of the 6 loops of 26 km, and finally after 24 h of recovery. The race extends over 156 km in hilly terrain and 6000 m of elevation gain (D+). The level of impairment according to the RIFLE classification was defined for each runner at each assay. Fifty‐five runners were at the start, and the per protocol analysis involved 36 runners (27 men and 9 women, 26 finishers). Fifteen (41.7%) of the riders presented at least one result corresponding to a “RIFLE risk” level. After 24 h of rest, only one runner still had a “RIFLE Risk”. The distance around the marathon seems to be the moment of greatest risk. For the first time, we find an association between this renal risk and the probability of abandonment. Many runners are vulnerable to kidney damage during long‐duration exercise, which is why it's important to limit risk situations, such as the use of potentially toxic drugs or hydration disorders. The consumption of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs) before or during an ultra‐distance race should therefore be prohibited. Attention should be paid to hydration disorders.
Electrophysiological phenotyping of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy in pediatric populations: A systematic review
Authors: Fitzsimons Lindsey A. , Kneeland‐Barber Delanie M. , Hannigan Gracie C. , Karpe David A. , Wu Lyman , Colon Michael , Randall Jess , Tucker Kerry L.
Published: April 2024

Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a structural heart defect that has been associated with generation of arrhythmias in the population and is a cause of sudden cardiac death with severe systolic dysfunction and fatal arrhythmias. LVNC has gained increasing acknowledgment with increased prevalence. We conducted a systematic review of reported electrocardiogram (ECG) results for pediatric LVNC patients. EMBASE database query was performed, yielding 4531 articles related to LVNC between 1990 and December 2023. Patient age ranged from prenatal to 18 years of age. Qualitative analyses were performed to characterize individual arrhythmias, and summative interpretation of ECG evaluations was gathered for the entire cohort. Systematic review of 57 LVNC cases and ECG presentation revealed many waveform consistencies, including abnormal left ventricular, atrioventricular node, and interventricular septal patterns, and specifically a high incidence of Mobitz type II and Wolff–Parkinson–White waveforms. This review of ECG analysis reinforces the clinical and etiologic significance of pediatric LVNC. While LVNC in pediatric populations may not always present as acute clinical cases, further investigation into the electrophysiology of the disease supports the need for further evaluation and risk stratification for patients with suspected LVNC and/or ventricular arrhythmia.
Les poèmes de Mao Zedong : Fleurs du mâle ou sublime prométhéen
Authors: Zhang Yinde
Published: April 2024

Some sixty authenticated poems written by Mao Zedong were the subject of studies that highlight the relationship between the statesman and his literary talent, through rather socio-political or psychological approaches. The present paper intends to focus on his poetic creation, by scrutinizing from the inside the textual and scriptural tension that animates the process of reappropriation and reinvention in relation to classical Chinese poetry, in particular to the “heroic and free” or fiery style (haofang 豪放). Thematic and rhetorical analyses aim to show how the Promethean sublime nourishes a virile poetics in Mao Zedong’s work and an unusual verbal dynamic, which has the potential to transform conventions into speech, and poetry into a principle of action.
Feasibility of ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of Gongolaria nodicaulis (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) for restoration of warm temperate marine forests in Atlantic Morocco
Authors: Khaya Khaoula , Falace Annalisa , Serrão Ester A. , Neiva João , Reani Abdeltif , Sabour Brahim , Belattmania Zahira
Published: April 2024

Brown algal forests provide many ecosystem services but are declining worldwide, prompting a growing number of conservation and restoration efforts. Recent attempts to recover Cystoseira forests are encouraging in the Mediterranean, but whether this is possible in more challenging Atlantic conditions has not yet been investigated. In this study, we assess the feasibility of cultivating Gongolaria nodicaulis by producing ex-situ recruits for reforestation on the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Embryos of G. nodicaulis were cultured on clay tiles for 26 days under controlled conditions without water motion, reaching an average length of 3 mm before being outplanted on the intertidal zone. The transplants were monitored for six months. Recruits experienced high loss rates, approximately 47 % of zygotes within 7 days in culture and 75 % of outplanted seedlings within 10 days in the field. The latter might result from natural self-thinning (competition), but our observations suggested that it was also largely due to the weak attachment of recruits to the tiles resulting from cultivation under calm conditions. Six months after the transplants, the surviving individuals reached the size of wild adult algae (average length of 13.5 cm), and some even became reproductive. Globally, survival rates, growth, physiological condition and fertility in this restoration pilot suggest that ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of G. nodicaulis is a promising approach to recover forests in Atlantic Morocco.
«Грамматика славенская» Федора Максимова (1723) и Новгородская архиерейская школа
Authors: Суториус Константин Владимирович , Салоников Николай Вячеславович
Published: April 2024

В статье на основании обнаруженных в последние годы материалов рассмотрен вопрос о том, как отразился на грамматике церковнославянского языка Федора Максимова опыт изучения им грамматики в Новгородской архиерейской школе. В исследованиях последнего времени была поставлена проблема источников, которые использовались для составления грамматики Федора Максимова. Наша статья показывает, что влияние на новгородский учебник дидактического наследия братьев Лихудов было шире и глубже, чем предполагалось ранее. Составитель новгородской грамматики пользовался не только пособиями по церковнославянскому языку, но также и пособиями по грамматике греческого языка. В частности на него оказала влияние греческая грамматика, написанная Лихудами в Костроме и использованная для преподавания в Новгородской архиерейской школе. Более масштабным оказалось и использование так называемой Московской редакции греческой грамматики Лихудов. При этом Федор Максимов пользовался не только пособиями на греческом языке, но и латиноязычными источниками, в частности краткой грамматикой Иоганна Гезелия и другими пособиями, которые находились в библиотеках архиерейского дома и школы. Грамматика Федора Максимова носит компилятивный характер: составитель берет описание языковых явлений из одного источника, а пример из другого, или, пользуясь для наглядности схемой, заимствует ее из одного пособия, а материал для этой схемы берет из другого пособия. Сопоставление грамматики с ее источниками, а также с известными списками этого пособия позволяет предположить, что четвертая часть ее – это не единый текст, а два: один – о просодии, второй – о согласовании и управлении.
Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) performed by the co-precipitation and green synthesis processes
Authors: Elarbaoui Soumaya
Published: April 2024

The design of chemical processes and products with a low use of hazardous substances is known as “green chemistry.” The method of producing nanoparticles (NPs) significantly affects their size and characteristics. Currently, there are two primary methods utilized for synthesizing NPs, known as the bottom-up and top-down approaches. To keep the prices of nanotechnology-based products, the green method employs plant metabolites as reducing agents. Two types of magnetite NPs (Fe3O4 NPs) were synthetized and characterized being denominated NPs1 synthetized by the co-precipitation method and NPs2 synthetized using the green synthesis process. It was found that the Fe3O4 NPs1 has a quasi-spherical morphology with a size of 43 nm, while the Fe3O4 NPs2 has a size of 6 nm.
Crystal structure of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate, C17H14O6
Authors: Gao Li-Na , Cui Ying , Chai Xing
Published: April 2024

C17H14O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.9003(10) Å, b = 7.6509(6) Å, c = 14.4694(11) Å, β = 105.300(3)°, V = 1484.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0357, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0947, T = 100(2) K.
Comparative Anatomy of the Dentate Mossy Cells in Nonhuman Primates: Their Spatial Distributions and Axonal Projections Compared With Mouse Mossy Cells
Authors: Jeong Minseok , Won Jinyoung , Lim Kyung Seob , Jeon Chang-Yeop , Choe Youngshik , Jang Jin-Hyeok , Ha Chang Man , Yoon Jong Hyuk , Lee Yongjeon , Oh Yong-Seok
Published: April 2024

Glutamatergic mossy cells (MCs) mediate associational and commissural connectivity, exhibiting significant heterogeneity along the septotemporal axis of the mouse dentate gyrus (DG). However, it remains unclear whether the neuronal features of MCs are conserved across mammals. This study compares the neuroanatomy of MCs in the DG of mice and monkeys. The MC marker, calretinin, distinguishes two subpopulations: septal and temporal. Dual-colored fluorescence labeling is utilized to compare the axonal projection patterns of these subpopulations. In both mice and monkeys, septal and temporal MCs project axons across the longitudinal axis of the ipsilateral DG, indicating conserved associational projections. However, unlike in mice, no MC subpopulations in monkeys make commissural projections to the contralateral DG. In monkeys, temporal MCs send associational fibers exclusively to the inner molecular layer, while septal MCs give rise to wide axonal projections spanning multiple molecular layers, akin to equivalent MC subpopulations in mice. Despite conserved septotemporal heterogeneity, interspecies differences are observed in the topological organization of septal MCs, particularly in the relative axonal density in each molecular layer along the septotemporal axis of the DG. In summary, this comparative analysis sheds light on both conserved and divergent features of MCs in the DG of mice and monkeys. These findings have implications for understanding functional differentiation along the septotemporal axis of the DG and contribute to our knowledge of the anatomical evolution of the DG circuit in mammals.
Precarious Youth and Everyday Improvisation in Kinshasa
Authors: Mesa Héritier
Published: April 2024

In Kinshasa, chronic crises and lack of access to employment, quality education, and other resources contribute to the social exclusion of a growing number of disadvantaged young people. They are deprived of the possibilities of leading a decent life and alienated from both the market and legitimate authorities. Despite their social, political, and economic marginalization, many of these precarious Congolese youth have proved adept at improvising livelihoods in the informal economy and seek out ways to be agents of social change.
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Body Appreciation And Sleep Quality
Authors: Karaman Semih , Kayhan Abdullah , Can Ümmügül , Kara İnci
Published: April 2024

Sleep causes many psychological effects in individuals. A person's body image, which is their subjective evaluation of their physical appearance, can have a significant impact on their emotions, behaviors, and overall well-being. In order to investigate the effect of sleep on body image, 395 female participants aged between 18-27 years, who were evaluated subjectively and objectively using the sleep assessment and body image scale, were included. The primary outcome of the study are the determination of the relationship between objective and subjective results of sleep quality and body appreciation. Secondary outcome are the determination of the relationship between exercise and body appreciation, which is an effective factor in determining body appreciation. After missing data scanning, 34 participants were excluded from the study and analysis were performed on 361 people (Age 20,76+1,62; Height 163,65+5,81; Weight 57,78+ 10,42; Cronbach's Alpha ,92). Body Appreciation Scale-2 and Sleep Quality Scale were applied to the participants. While there was no statistical significance in the sleep hygiene values according to the subjective sleep evaluations of the participants, a significant difference was found between very poor sleep and very good sleep in the subjective sleep evaluations. In addition, a statistical significance was found between women's body image and subjective sleep evaluations (p
Acute Effects of Two Different Concurrent Training Models on Physiological Parameters, Explosive Strenght and Balance Performance in Soccer Players
Authors: Arslan Birgül
Published: April 2024

In the study, the acute effects of two different concurrent training models including high intensity interval training (HIIT) and high intensity interval functional training (HIFT) plus strength training (S) on physiological indicators (lactate and heart rate) and performance (balance and explosive power) parameters were examined in soccer players.
A total of 13 moderately active young soccer players (19.92; ±1.44 years) participated in the study. In the study, body composition measurements, heart rate, lactate, explosive strength measurement and balance testing were measured. Training models (S+HIIT-S+HIFT) were applied sequentially with a crossover design. The training sessions were conducted with a three-day interval. Parameters were analyzed with SPSS24 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Repeated Measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for repeated measures and Bonferroni Correction was used for pairwise comparisons. Significance level was accepted as p
Examining the Attitudes of Students in Secondary Education Towards Physical Education and Sports Class in Terms of Some Variables
Authors: Toksöz Hakkı , Kurt Cem , Erduğan Fuat
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to compare some variables like gender, class level, engaging in sports outside of the school, sports participation status of parents, having an indoor sports facility of students studying in Edirne province secondary schools by determining their attitudes towards Physical Education and Sports class. The sample of the study consisted of 1789 students from 7th grades (483 male, 480 female) and 8th grades (424 male and 402 female). To determine the attitudes of students towards physical education class ‘Physical Education Class Attitude Scale’ (PECAS) developed by Sherrin and Toulmin and adapted to Turkish by Özer and Aktop (2003) was used. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between gender, class level, engaging in sportive activities outside of the schools variables in terms of physical education attitude scale total score and there was no statistically significant difference between the scale scores of sports participation status of parents, and having an indoor sports facility variable. Attitude scale scores of male students were found to be higher than female students (p=0,05). Attitude scale scores of 7th grade students were found to be higher than 8th grade-students (p0,05). As a result, the results obtained from the current study indicate that the attitudes of secondary school students owards physical education class were affected by gender, class level and age. It can be concluded that these factors were recommended to be taken into consideration in planning physical education lessons by relevant institutions to increase the attitudes of students towards physical education class.
Evaluating Physical Education Courses in Civil Defense and Firefighting Associate Degree Programs in Turkey: Findings and Recommendations
Authors: Karataş Mustafa
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate the physical education/sports education courses, content and practices in the curricula of Civil Defense and Firefighting associate degree programs in Turkey. Within the scope of the study, the Bologna course packages of 42 associate degree programs between 2022-2023 were examined in detail using document analysis method. According to the findings, it was determined that 14.3% (6 programs) did not include physical education courses, and 40.5% (17 programs) did not have course content for occupational physical fitness. In addition, 52.3% of the lecturers teaching the course did not have a degree in physical education and sports. The findings reveal important problems considering the requirement of high physical fitness in firefighting profession. The research emphasizes that the deficiencies in the physical education course content should be updated to meet the requirements of the firefighting profession and should be made compulsory. In this context, it is recommended to adopt a special curriculum under the name of "Occupational Physical Fitness" course and it is emphasized that this course should include the objectives of achieving high physical capacity and fitness by focusing on the basic skills of the firefighting profession. The results of the study clearly indicate that civil Defense and firefighting programs should focus on physical fitness-based education to train qualified personnel. Consideration of these recommendations may contribute to the creation of a strong and appropriate educational infrastructure in the firefighting profession.
Maternal water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) related risk factors for point of use (PoU) drinking water quality in communities with improved water supply & sanitation facility
Authors: Baidya Manish , Poudel Prativa , Sharma Subodh , Koju Rajendra
Published: April 2024

The effect of improved water supply and sanitation infrastructure on health may have minimal effects after certain level of saturation in facilities. Nepal recently achieved South Asian Conference on Sanitation (SACOSAN) goal but diarrhoea still is common cause for under-five mortality. Assessing if improved facilities are safe at the consumption level for health benefits is important. A cross sectional study was performed with 627 mothers (Salyan=324 & Humla=303) in two rural districts of Nepal to understand main effect of five operational compliances for Point of Use (PoU) drinking water microbial safety. Despite of improved water supply in 93.6% of households, 184 (29.3%) PoU water was E.coli contaminated. About 12.6% households reported of having at least one ill family member during the time of survey, in which diarrhoea (51.9%) was common. PoU water from improved supply is not safe at consumption level. Considering only improved facilities alone is not sufficient for health benefits. Household Water treatment and safe storage behavior have shown to be significant in maintaining microbial quality at PoU level.
Coding Hotline
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2024

This month’s Coding Hotline addresses coding for social determinants of health and COVID-19 vaccination.
Meditação Slow Encontre o ritmo saudável da vida através da Meditação Slow!
Authors: RODRIGUES MALONE
Published: April 2024

Após seis anos, chegou o momento de compartilhar de forma teórica e metodológica a prática da Meditação Slow – metodologia essa criada por mim como um fruto de minha jornada nas áreas da Filosofia, Teologia e Psicologia. Na primeira fase da Meditação Slow, fui desafiado a pensar em uma técnica que conseguisse ser adaptada ao contexto universitário. Como ajudar esses jovens em transição de vida, exigências acadêmicas? Estudo, pesquisa e implementação. E lá se foram dois anos de testes, de erros e acertos. Quando achei que o estudo estava pronto, o mundo foi obrigado a desacelerar por causa de um vírus.
John Rawls Refutou o Intuicionismo?
Authors: Faggion Andréa Luisa Bucchile
Published: April 2024

Em Uma Teoria da Justiça, John Rawls explicou o intuicionismo como a doutrina que professa o pluralismo irredutível de princípios morais, princípios estes cujos conflitos não poderiam ser resolvidos de maneira principiológica. Segundo Rawls, não se pode oferecer um argumento abstrato que prove que o pluralismo moral é falso. Mas seria possível mostrarmos aquilo que o intuicionista nega existir: o princípio moral mais fundamental, que sistematiza nossas obrigações morais. Este princípio, de acordo com Rawls, seria o princípio da equidade. Neste artigo, eu argumento que Rawls fracassa diante dos intuicionistas. Meus argumentos se valem de uma análise da aplicabilidade do princípio da equidade ao caso das promessas. Primeiro, eu defendo que o princípio da equidade só poderia explicar obrigações morais em geral se ele pudesse conter em sua fórmula um caso paradigmático das obrigações que ele pretende explicar: justamente as obrigações promissórias. Depois, eu procuro mostrar que as mesmas obrigações promissórias contêm um traço essencial que o princípio da equidade não seria capaz de explicar, mesmo que pudesse explicar obrigações morais em geral: o caráter especial das obrigações para com os destinatários das promessas. No primeiro ponto, a minha investigação expande as críticas de Robert Nozick a uma versão do princípio da equidade apresentada por H.L.A. Hart. No segundo, eu desenvolvo objeções feitas por Stephen Darwall contra a teoria prática das promessas, incluindo a teoria de John Rawls.
Modelo de distribución geográfica del pez Coryphaena hippurus (Perciformes: Coryphaenidae) según el cambio climático en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical
Authors: Isaza-Toro Estefania , Selvaraj John Josephraj , Giraldo Alan
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Coryphaena hippurus es una especie migratoria de interés comercial, que se encuentra en ambientes tropicales y subtropicales, prefiriendo zonas con un rango de temperatura entre 21 y 30 °C y salinidad cercana a 31 ppt. Aunque la tendencia poblacional del dorado es estable, la pesquería de este recurso está aumentando y ocupa importantes posiciones en la economía de países costeros del Pacífico Oriental Tropical, evidenciándose la necesidad de diseñar y fortalecer estrategias de conservación y mejorar el aprovechamiento de este recurso. Dada su ubicación en ambientes tropicales y subtropicales, la disponibilidad y distribución de este recurso podría verse afectado a futuro por el cambio climático. Objetivo: Analizar la distribución potencial actual y futura de C. hippurus bajo condiciones de cambio climático. Métodos: Se emplearon 10 algoritmos para modelar la distribución potencial e idoneidad de hábitat actual para C. hippurus a partir de la temperatura superficial del mar, la salinidad y velocidad de las corrientes, posteriormente se proyectaron estos resultados según el escenario de cambio climático más extremo. Resultados: Hubo buenos desempeños con todos los algoritmos empleados, pero se escogió el modelo generado con BIOCLIM (AUC: 0.89) pues además resuelve el inconveniente del sesgo espacial y temporal hallado en los registros de la especie. La región de mayor idoneidad de hábitat para C. hippurus coincide con los frentes oceánicos del Pacífico Oriental Tropical. En condiciones futuras de cambio climático extremo, el modelo de distribución de la especie indica una contracción, reubicación y expansión de hábitat hacia el sur de la línea ecuatorial. Conclusiones: En condiciones de cambio climático extremo, el modelo de distribución para C. hippurus sugiere un proceso de tropicalización de los ecosistemas marinos en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical para el año 2100.
Producción y germinación de bellotas del roble andino Quercus humboldtii (Fagaceae) afectado por incendios recurrentes
Authors: Aguilar-Garavito Maurico , Sesquilé Edinson , Cortina-Segarra Jordi , Legizamo Ángela , Ruiz-Santacruz Sebastián
Published: April 2024

La histórica transformación del paisaje y el incremento de los incendios han provocado la desaparición del 60% de los bosques andinos en Colombia. Entre estos se encuentran los robledales de Quercus humboldtii, única Fagaceae suramericana con elevado interés socioeconómico y en biodiversidad. La respuesta reproductiva de esta especie condicionará su capacidad de regeneración y la persistencia de los robledales. Sin embargo, nuestro conocimiento sobre el efecto del fuego en la producción y germinación de bellotas en Q. humboldtii es incipiente. Objetivo: evaluar la producción y germinación de bellotas de Q. humboldtii en robledales afectados por incendios recurrentes. Métodos: Durante catorce meses monitoreamos de la producción de bellotas y su germinación en árboles de Q. humboldtii de bosques afectados y no afectados por incendios. También evaluamos la incidencia de los incendios, el tamaño de los árboles, la precipitación, temperatura y otras características de sitio. Resultados: 34 meses después del incendio inició la producción de bellotas. En los robles quemados la producción de bellotas con desarrollo incompleto (abortos) fue casi nueve veces mayor que la de bellotas maduras. Los robles con mayor área de cicatriz o un número de cicatrices fueron más propensos a producir abortos. Los robles con mayor tamaño, especialmente en la copa suelen producir más bellotas. Las pocas bellotas maduras provenientes de los árboles quemados presentaron menores tamaños y tasas de germinación en comparación con los árboles no quemados y con la literatura. Los árboles no quemados de este estudio no produjeron bellotas maduras, pero la producción abortos es diez veces inferior que en los árboles quemados. Es factible que Q. humboldtii presente vecería (masting) y los árboles no quemados estén en un ciclo de baja producción. Conclusiones: El fuego, el tamaño del árbol y la vecería están controlando la producción de bellotas en los robledales de Iguaque.
Unveiling activity patterns of the deer Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) and its predators in Mexico's Arid Region
Authors: Plata Pérez Fernando , Urbina Flores Diana Patricia , Villarreal Espino Barros Oscar Agustin , Gloria Trujillo Adrián , Mendoza Martínez German  David
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Size, predator presence, and habitat nutritional quality influence herbivorous species' activity patterns and resource utilization. Objectives:  This study aims to determine the relative abundance and activity patterns of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and their main predators.
Methods: The study was conducted in the WMU "Bienes Comunales Santa Cruz Nuevo" in Totoltepec de Guerrero, Puebla, Mexico. Twenty-two quadrants were randomly selected, and camera traps were installed. Over a two-year period (2018-2020), wildlife visits were recorded to estimate the relative abundance index (RAI), activity patterns, and overlap coefficient (Dhat1) of white-tailed deer and their predators based on their activity schedule.
Results: The estimated RAI for deer was 7.2%, while it was 3.4% for coyotes (Canis latrans), 2.3% for bobcats (Lynx rufus), and 0.14% for pumas (Puma concolor). White-tailed deer were observed in 31% of the camera traps, while coyotes were captured in 68% of them. The overlap of the activity schedule, Dhat1, between deer and coyotes was 0.18. In contrast, the activity overlap between foxes and deer was higher (Dhat1: 0.2979; EE 0.037) based on the analysis of variance. The activity pattern of coyotes indicated they were crepuscular, with increased activity during the afternoon and night. However, an increase in activity synchronized with deer's patterns was also observed. The bobcat coincided with deer in 10% of the cameras, but due to the limited number of observations, it was not possible to estimate the activity overlap between these species.
Conclusions: The activity overlap between white-tailed deer and foxes is more significant than that of deer and coyotes in this region. The activity overlap between deer and coyotes is lower compared to other parts of the world.
Correlation Abundance Networks for analyzing biological interactions during cyanobacterial blooms
Authors: Lozano Verónica Laura , Alvarez Dalinger Florencia Soledad , Borja Claudia , Moraña Liliana
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Cyanobacterial blooms are becoming increasingly common, and understanding their dynamics can be crucial for proposing appropriate management strategies. While the physical and chemical parameters influence on blooms have been extensively studied, less attention has been put on the susceptibility of the biological communities. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the phytoplankton abundance networks during blooms at different levels of intensity and how bloom-forming cyanobacteria interact with and/or impact phytoplankton community. Methods: We used 22 samplings conducted in the same reservoir located in northern Argentina, which is known for recurrent cyanobacterial blooms. Each sampling was classified into four levels based on the abundance of cyanobacteria. For each level, abundances correlation networks were constructed considering all species. Results: A pattern of decreasing statistically significant abundance correlations was observed as the intensity of the blooms increased: 219 correlations at level 1; 144 at level 2; 80 at level 3, and only 33 at level 4. Bloom-forming cyanobacteria showed to be little correlated with others species in all the levels, which could be associated to certain independence with the community. Increased bloom seems to disconnect the phytoplanktonic correlation abundances network. Conclusion: Analyzing correlation abundances networks should be a valuable tool for understanding the dynamics and development of cyanobacterial blooms, as well as identifying key species in this process.
interfaces disciplinares e a pergunta do estudante
Authors: Amador Tamanini Tiago
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo aborda a pergunta do estudante como princípio gerador de estratégias educativas para que se estabeleçam as interfaces disciplinares. Foram realizados apontamentos acerca do referencial teórico da área, como Pedro Demo, Ivani Fazenda, Paulo Freire, Jean Piaget, entre outros, com o objetivo de mostrar as possíveis contribuições das ideias destes autores para o desenvolvimento de propostas educativas que aproximem as disciplinas. A partir disso, foram feitas lateralizações dos pressupostos da pergunta do estudante e dos princípios orientadores das interfaces disciplinares. As respostas para as duas perguntas sobre a construção de projetos com interfaces disciplinares foram analisadas por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva, de acordo com Moraes e Galiazzi (2011). Buscou-se investigar tanto as estratégias práticas dos professores para a criação e aplicação das temáticas com interfaces disciplinares, quanto o papel da pergunta do estudante nesse processo elaborativo. Identificou-se uma relação pedagógica substancial ao se estabelecerem interfaces disciplinares por intermédio da pergunta do estudante.
Personality determinants of goal orientation in elite long-distance and mountain runners
Authors: Bojkowski Łukasz , Kłoda Dominika
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. The achievement theory points to two motivational orientations that represent different views on an individual's perception of success. In sports, these aspects are closely associated with various individual characteristics and athletic achievements. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between personality traits and aspects of goal orientation among long-distance and mountain runners of both genders.

Material and Methods. The study involved 9 women aged 26 to 34 and 13 men aged 26 to 38 who were members of the national long-distance and mountain running teams (medallists at the Polish and European Championships in their disciplines). Among the participants there were graduate students. The Polish adaptation of Costa and McCrae’s NEO Five-Factor Inventory questionnaire was used to examine the level of personality traits. The level of goal orientation dimensions was determined using the Polish adaptation of the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 13 software.

Results. In the studied group of male athletic competitors, three significant relationships were observed: a negative correlation between ego orientation and both neuroticism and openness to experience; a negative correlation between the overall level of goal orientation and neuroticism. These results are explained by the relationship that occurs between emotional balance and resilience to criticism and the desire to compare oneself to others and the tendency to demonstrate superior skills in front of others.

Conclusions. The findings underscore the importance of considering individual characteristics in athletic competition. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of assessing personality traits and goal orientation dimensions among student and competitive long-distance and mountain runners of both genders. Additionally, the significance of these factors in predicting sporting achievement is highlighted, suggesting avenues for further research and practical application.
Kinesiophobia, exercise addiction and mindfulness in athletes
Authors: Arslan Kabasakal Sema , Çelik Ezginur , Güvendi Burcu , Keskin Burçak
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Since athletes tend to be addicted to exercise, they are at a higher risk of experiencing sports injuries compared to others. Exercise addiction and kinesiophobia, which is the fear of (re)injury and movement after an injury, are distinct but related concepts for athletes. It has been stated that mindfulness helps individuals to diminish their kinesiophobia. However, little is known about the relationship between exercise addiction, kinesiophobia, and mindfulness among athletes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate kinesiophobia, exercise addiction, and mindfulness among athletes and to examine the effect of certain variables on these three concepts.
Material and Methods. The sample of the study consisted of 313 athletes over the age of 18. Participants were included in the study on a voluntary basis, using the convenience sampling method. Study data were collected with the 'Demographic Form', the 'Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia', and the 'Exercise Addiction Scale'.
Results. The study discovered that national athletes exhibited statistically higher levels of exercise addiction compared to non-national athletes. Similarly, athletes suffering from chronic pain showed higher exercise addiction scores than those without chronic pain. Furthermore, athletes who had sustained sports injuries demonstrated higher exercise addiction levels compared to those who had not. It was also determined that athletes with pain or movement limitations due to sports injuries exhibited increased levels of kinesiophobia compared to those without such limitations. In addition, athletes with chronic pain reported higher levels of kinesiophobia compared to their counterparts without chronic pain. Female athletes were found to have higher levels of mindful awareness compared to male athletes. Additionally, when analyzing the relationship between these three parameters, a negative correlation was observed between kinesiophobia and mindfulness among athletes.
Conclusions. While kinesiophobia and exercise addiction are not directly related, there is a negative relationship between kinesiophobia and mindfulness. Furthermore, chronic pain and limitations in movement after a sports injury are identified as risk factors for kinesiophobia. Additionally, being a national athlete, experiencing chronic pain, and sustaining sports injuries are considered risk factors for exercise addiction.
The effect of chronic leg press exercises on hamstring muscle length and different vertical jump performance
Authors: Kurhan Sebiha , Kurtoğlu Ahmet , Kurhan Cihad Onur , Eken Özgür , Çar Bekir
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. As it is known, chronic resistance exercises cause limitations in some joints and this negatively affects the normal range of motion. In the present study, it was aimed to analyse the quadriceps-hamstring balance by analysing different vertical jump performances after six weeks of leg press exercise.
Material and Methods. Eleven university students aged between 18-30 years were included in this study. The hamstring muscle length, 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press performance were analysed before and after six weeks of leg press exercise. In addition, the vertical jump performances of the participants were analysed with My Jump 2 software programme. In this study, counter movement jumps (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) performances of the participants were determined.
Results. According to the findings, 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press performance and hamstring length of the participants improved significantly (t=-7.609, ES: -2.29, p<.001; t=-2.540, -0.76, p=.029, respectively). CMJ and SJ parameters of the participants did not change (p<0.05). It was concluded that the lengthened hamstring length after the leg press exercise programme had a positive relationship with vertical jump height (r=0.656, p=0.028), flight duration (r=0.663, p=0.026), speed (r=0.657, p=0.028), and average speed (r=0.669, p=0.024). These relationships were observed among CMJ parameters following the exercise programme. Likewise, a positive correlation was found between hamstring length, which lengthened after the leg press exercise programme, and vertical jump height (r=0.625, p=0.040), flight duration (r=0.646, p=0.032), speed (r=0.646, p=0.032), and average speed (r=0.637, p=0.035). These correlations were identified among the SJ parameters after the exercise. 
Conclusions. As a result, it was determined that chronic leg press exercises positively affected hamstring muscle length and muscle strength. Different vertical jump performances such as CMJ and SJ did not change. However, the relationship between hamstring length and vertical jump parameters is interesting.