bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In situ measurement of the electron elastic reflection coefficient at a plasma-exposed silicon dioxide surface
Authors: Sobolewski Mark A
Published: December 2023

Plasma simulations require accurate input data that describe the interactions of electrons with plasma-exposed surfaces. One important, rarely studied interaction is elastic reflection. This article presents measurements of the elastic reflection coefficient made in situ, i.e. during plasma exposure, in an inductively coupled plasma (icp) reactor that has an azimuthally asymmetric, rf-biased substrate electrode. The rf current and voltage across the sheath adjacent to this electrode were measured, along with the ion current density and electron temperature, for argon plasmas at 0.67 and 1.33 Pa. Using the measurements and a numerical sheath model, the currents contributed by electrons that are emitted from the rf-biased electrode are determined. Some emitted electrons are elastically reflected from the opposing surface, the fused quartz window below the icp source. Deflection of these electrons by 13.56 MHz electric and magnetic fields in the plasma can prevent them from returning to the rf-biased electrode, producing a second-harmonic current at 27.12 MHz. The transport of the emitted electrons is simulated by a plasma model that includes electric and magnetic effects, transit-time effects, elastic reflection at the electrode as well as the window, and multiple passes through the plasma. From the plasma model and the measured 27.12 MHz current, the elastic reflection coefficient at the quartz window was determined, for electron energies from 25 eV to 1.2 keV. The measured reflection coefficient was higher than literature values for clean Si, but it had a similar energy-dependence. An approximate analytical form for its energy-dependence is presented, as well as an uncertainty analysis.
Reliability of enhancement-mode p-GaN gate GaN HEMT with multiple field plates
Authors: Wei Yingqiang , Wei Jinghe , Zhao Wei , Wu Suzhen , Wei Yidan , Liu Meijie , Sui Zhiyuan , Zhou Ying , Li Yuqi , Chang Hong , Ji Fei , Wang Weibin , Yang Lijun , Liu Guozhu
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we fabricate enhancement-mode p-GaN gate GaN HEMTs with multiple field plates (MFPs) and analyze the reliability of the devices by means of simulation and experiment. Simulations of the electric-field distribution indicate that the MFPs effectively weaken the electric field peak near the gate to below the theoretical breakdown value and smooth the electric field between the gate edge and drain-side field plate edge. The simulated electric field peak leading to the breakdown of the device with MFPs at high drain voltage is located at the drain edge, which is validated by experimental results. The GaN HEMTs with MFPs exhibit excellent long-term reliability under high temperature and drain voltage, while deviations from threshold voltage and on-resistance were observed in the device subjected to drain stress. We attribute these deviations to electron accumulation and high field-assisted detrapping processes in the p-GaN layer. This investigation provides new insight into the mechanism of variations in threshold voltage and on-resistance under off-state drain stress.
Resonance states of the three-disk scattering system
Authors: Schmidt Jan Robert , Ketzmerick Roland
Published: December 2023

For the paradigmatic three-disk scattering system, we confirm a recent conjecture for open chaotic systems, which claims that resonance states are composed of two factors. In particular, we demonstrate that one factor is given by universal exponentially distributed intensity fluctuations. The other factor, supposed to be a classical density depending on the lifetime of the resonance state, is found to be very well described by a classical construction. Furthermore, ray-segment scars, recently observed in dielectric cavities, dominate every resonance state at small wavelengths also in the three-disk scattering system. We introduce a new numerical method for computing resonances, which allows for going much further into the semiclassical limit. As a consequence we are able to confirm the fractal Weyl law over a correspondingly large range.
A memristive system: dynamics, synchronization, parameter modulation and demodulation
Authors: Wang S-F
Published: December 2023

The subject of this article is to study a memristive system and modulation and demodulate the information signal in security system, a novel memristive system is presented and its dynamics are considered. Then, the adaptive synchronization control between the proposed memristive systems is demonstrated. Additionally, the original signal is modulated in a system parameter and it can be demodulated by using filter technology. Compared to previous secure systems, in this scheme, the demodulated signal can be adjusted by the adaptive filter, It has better security performance and is easy to implement in engineering.
Dynamic analysis of the effects of dissipative elements and modulational instability in a multicoupled nonlinear electrical transmission line with the propagation of new rogue waveforms
Authors: Ahmadou Djidere , Alphonse Houwe , Justin Mibaile , Alioum Saïdou , Betchewe Gambo , Yamigno Serge Doka , Timoleon Crépin Kofane
Published: December 2023

In this study, we consider a nonlinear multicoupled discrete electrical transmission line consisting of several modified Noguchi lines and analyze the dynamics of the effects of dissipative elements on modulated waves. This analysis shows that the dispersion element (C

S
) and solution parameter (γ) strongly contribute to the increase in voltage amplitudes and to the modulation of these new rogue waveforms, unlike the dissipative element (G). Using a semi-discrete approximation, we demonstrate that the dynamics of modulated waves in such a dissipative electrical system can be governed by a system of nonlinear Schrödinger equations, the Manakov system, and system parameters. The phenomenon of modulational instability in this dissipative electrical system is studied, and areas of instability are shown. We found that the dissipative element of this system increased and decreased the areas of instability. Under the condition of this Manakov system, we determine the approximate modulated wave solutions that are then used for the dynamic analysis of the effects of dissipative elements when transmitting these new rogue waveforms through this dissipative electrical system. The effects of the parameters of this nonlinear dissipative electrical system, such as dispersive, dissipative, and solution parameters, in the dominant direction of propagation of these new rogue wave signals are presented. Based on these results, we observe that the effects of dissipative elements do exist in this nonlinear dissipative electrical system and that these dissipative elements would also impact the areas of modulational instability, which could gradually disappear in this electrical system.
Electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency in a nanochannel with slip-dependent zeta potential
Authors: Liu Yongbo , Wu Zhilin , Liu Guanting
Published: December 2023

Electrokinetic energy conversion in hydrophobic nanochannels has been studied by many scholars because of its high estimated conversion efficiency. However, these studies mainly focued on the the case of slip-independent zeta potential, ignoring the effect of slip length on zeta potential. In the paper, we study the energy conversion of pressure-driven flow in plane nanochannel with slip-dependent (S.D.) zeta potential. Through the derived analytical expression and schematic analysis of electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency, it can be observed that, within specific parameter ranges, when taking into account the S.D. zeta potential, the conversion efficiency is improved. The maximum conversion efficiency obtained is approximately 23%, which is an improvement of 5.9% compared to the slip-independent (S.I.) zeta potential. This study may have a positive impact on achieving more efficient energy collection and play a important role in the energy field.
Neural regulation of slow waves and phasic contractions in the distal stomach: a mathematical model
Authors: Athavale Omkar N , Avci Recep , Clark Alys R , Di Natale Madeleine R , Wang Xiaokai , Furness John B , Liu Zhongming , Cheng Leo K , Du Peng
Published: December 2023

Objective. Neural regulation of gastric motility occurs partly through the regulation of gastric bioelectrical slow waves (SWs) and phasic contractions. The interaction of the tissues and organs involved in this regulatory process is complex. We sought to infer the relative importance of cellular mechanisms in inhibitory neural regulation of the stomach by enteric neurons and the interaction of inhibitory and excitatory electrical field stimulation. Approach. A novel mathematical model of gastric motility regulation by enteric neurons was developed and scenarios were simulated to determine the mechanisms through which enteric neural influence is exerted. This model was coupled to revised and extended electrophysiological models of gastric SWs and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Main results. The mathematical model predicted that regulation of contractile apparatus sensitivity to intracellular calcium in the SMC was the major inhibition mechanism of active tension development, and that the effect on SW amplitude depended on the inhibition of non-specific cation currents more than the inhibition of calcium-activated chloride current (kiNSCC = 0.77 vs kiAno1 = 0.33). The model predicted that the interaction between inhibitory and excitatory neural regulation, when applied with simultaneous and equal intensity, resulted in an inhibition of contraction amplitude almost equivalent to that of inhibitory stimulation (79% vs 77% decrease), while the effect on frequency was overall excitatory, though less than excitatory stimulation alone (66% vs 47% increase). Significance. The mathematical model predicts the effects of inhibitory and excitatory enteric neural stimulation on gastric motility function, as well as the effects when inhibitory and excitatory enteric neural stimulation interact. Incorporation of the model into organ-level simulations will provide insights regarding pathological mechanisms that underpin gastric functional disorders, and allow for in silico testing of the effects of clinical neuromodulation protocols for the treatment of these disorders.
Selective chronic recording in small nerve fascicles of sciatic nerve with carbon nanotube yarns in rats
Authors: Kotamraju B P , Eggers Thomas E , McCallum Grant A , Durand Dominique M
Published: December 2023

Objective. The primary challenge faced in the field of neural rehabilitation engineering is the limited advancement in nerve interface technology, which currently fails to match the mechanical properties of small-diameter nerve fascicles. Novel developments are necessary to enable long-term, chronic recording from a multitude of small fascicles, allowing for the recovery of motor intent and sensory signals. Approach. In this study, we analyze the chronic recording capabilities of carbon nanotube yarn electrodes in the peripheral somatic nervous system. The electrodes were surgically implanted in the sciatic nerve’s three individual fascicles in rats, enabling the recording of neural activity during gait. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and information theory were employed to analyze the data, demonstrating the superior recording capabilities of the electrodes. Flat interface nerve electrode and thin-film longitudinal intrafascicular electrode electrodes were used as a references to assess the results from SNR and information theory analysis. Main results. The electrodes exhibited the ability to record chronic signals with SNRs reaching as high as 15 dB, providing 12 bits of information for the sciatic nerve, a significant improvement over previous methods. Furthermore, the study revealed that the SNR and information content of the neural signals remained consistent over a period of 12 weeks across three different fascicles, indicating the stability of the interface. The signals recorded from these electrodes were also analyzed for selectivity using information theory metrics, which showed an information sharing of approximately 1.4 bits across the fascicles. Significance. The ability to safely and reliably record from multiple fascicles of different nerves simultaneously over extended periods of time holds substantial implications for the field of neural and rehabilitation engineering. This advancement addresses the limitation of current nerve interface technologies and opens up new possibilities for enhancing neural rehabilitation and control.
Influence of laser-induced Au-plasma plume collision on the efficiency of x-ray radiations and the energy-transport process relevant to ICF
Authors: Zhang Yuxue , Yuan Wenqiang , Song Tianming , Lei Zhu , Zhang Zhiyu , Qing Bo , Zhao Yang , Yang Guohong , Li Yukun , Chen Tao , Che Xingsen , Huang Chengwu , Zhu Tuo , Xiong Gang , Lv Min , Zhao Yan , Li Liling , Zhang Lu , Zhang Jiyan , Qiao Bin , Yang Jiamin
Published: December 2023

Experiments and simulations have been carried out to study the colliding process by two lasers irradiating a gold half-hohlraum. Via analyzing the evolutionary x-ray images, radiation fluxes and self-emission spectrum of tracers, influence on the x-ray conversion efficiency and the local plasma temperature

T

e
,
i

from two gold-plasma plumes have been investigated deeply, which is similar as the configuration in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). Experimental results confirm a region with high electron and ion temperatures

T

e
,
i

are induced, satisfying the strong collision condition of

λ

i

<
Δ

L

, where λ

i
and

Δ

L

are respectively the ion mean-free path and the gradient length of Te
. It leads to almost

30
%

increasing of M-band component compared to that from a single laser-irradiation case. Meanwhile ion temperature in this region increases more rapidly than electrons, reaching about

T
i

≈
(
16
±
4
)

 keV (

T
e

≈
(
2
±
0.2
)

 keV). Thus, our studies provide the experimental evidence of quantitative x-ray enhancement and a non-equilibrium evolution simultaneously due to the plasma collision for the first time. Besides, two-dimensional simulation results reveal that this process can not be precisely described by the traditional shock-heating model by dissipating the shock energy only to ions. But by distributing the viscous heating between both electrons and ions as theoretically discussed by Miller (2020 Comput. Fluids
210 104672), numerical results can match experiments better. This discovery will be of great importance to improve the precision of prediction for ICF.
Receptive field surround influences on the neuron’s activity in extrastriate area 21a.
Authors: Nalbandyan V V , Meliksetian A A , Khachvankian D K
Published: December 2023

The formation of the neuron response to the specific visual stimulus is attributed to the involvement of many interconnected neuron groups, various both qualitatively and quantitatively. The main aim of the present study was to identify patterns of modulating influences exerted on the neuron response patterns when the space surrounding their receptive fields (RF) was stimulated. The presented results demonstrated that the parallel and synchronous activation of the surrounding RF space significantly modulates the response patterns of neurons in area 21a to the moving visual stimuli. This modulation can have both facilitating and inhibitory effects. In most cases (68%), activation of the near environment of the RF had a facilitating effect, while stimulation of more distant areas of the visual field led to inhibition of responses. These data suggest that the coordinated interaction among a multitude of simultaneously activated neurons with overlapping RFs may play a crucial role in the integration and diversification of incoming visual information.
On investigations of radiation processes in media under external influences conducted at the IAPP
Authors: Grigoryan L Sh , Saharian A A , Grigoryan M L , Kotanjyan V Kh , Khachatryan H F
Published: December 2023

One of the areas of research conducted at the Institute of Applied Problems of Physics (IAPP) is the study of the influence of different media on the radiation processes generated by relativistic charged particles (channeling radiation, transition radiation, Cherenkov radiation, diffraction radiation, etc.). Additionally, many interesting phenomena arise when acoustic fields are excited in media. This is exactly the field of study of acoustophysics. The paper is devoted to the review of studies conducted in Lab. 3 of IAPP in these areas.
Research On Discharge Plate Of Plough Tripper Based On Discrete Element
Authors: Yao Yanping , Gu Xiangyu
Published: December 2023

The plough discharger is the key device of the belt conveyor, which targets the wear problem of the baffle. In this paper, the coal particle model is established by EDEM, the normal cumulative contact energy and tangential cumulative contact energy of discharge baffles with radius of 1.6m, 2.5m, 4.5m and 8m are obtained, as well as the average velocity of coal particles contacting discharge baffles with different curvature radii, and the wear of the baffle with different curvature under the same working conditions are studied. The optimal radius of curvature was selected through analysis. It provides a basis for the future design of the discharger baffle.
Application of computer geological model in geotechnical engineering investigation
Authors: Gu Mudan
Published: December 2023

The computer geological model is the approximate model of the actual complex geological phenomenon. During the modeling process, uncertainty from various sources can lead to deterioration of the quality of geological models. In order to ensure the usability of the model, it is necessary to consider the influence of spatial autocorrelation and interrelationship between strata on information transmission and uncertainty when analyzing and predicting multi-layer geological structures. The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy and testing breadth of computer modeling by studying geotechnical exploration activities. The calculation formula of information entropy of geological variables is given. At the same time, it introduces how to calculate the maximum information entropy of geological variables under the prior distribution according to the prior information constraints, and how to calculate the results of geological variables under the posterior distribution by using Bayesian updating. This paper introduces the calculation method of formation attribute probability field and iterates formation probability from bottom to top. The results show that the Copula method can improve the geological model in statistical sense. Finally, it is concluded that establishing 3D geological model by computer is helpful to improve the accuracy of geological exploration.
Application research of machine manufacturing process monitoring based on neural network
Authors: Guan Xiqiao , Yu Yunlong , Sui Penglin
Published: December 2023

In the process of mechanical manufacturing, parameters such as geometry, size and surface quality are important factors affecting product quality. The existing technology makes it difficult to conduct product monitoring and data monitoring during machine manufacturing. At the same time, the uncertainty of the manufacturing process also brings great challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to design corresponding monitoring schemes according to different situations. Therefore, neural network based machinery manufacturing process monitoring technology is of great significance. The neural network model established in this paper can automatically learn and establish complex mapping relationships, and can predict and detect anomalies according to historical data. In addition, deep learning technology can be used to carry out adaptive feature learning on a large amount of monitoring data, and complete efficient training and real-time decision-making in a distributed environment. Compared with the common mechanical manufacturing process, neural network monitoring has a lower loss rate and error rate. The neural network based machinery manufacturing process monitoring technology will become an important direction of the future development of machinery manufacturing industry, and will have great practical application value in improving production efficiency, reducing production cost and ensuring product quality.
Forty years (1983–2023) with LAPD and for its future evolution
Authors: Muraoka K.
Published: December 2023

This article is divided into two parts; namely, the first part describes how the series of Laser-aided plasma diagnostics (LAPD) symposia was conceived and has gradually evolved into the present form during the past four decades, and the second part shows the main focus of the meetings to gradually converge into the `cross-fertilizations' with other fields of science and engineering as the raison d'etre of the LAPD symposia, which is explained using outputs of mainly from the author's group. It is the author's hope that the next/coming generation will deepen the above second part for the future LAPD symposia to flourish further by eye-opening new developments.
The effect of the innards silage of fish and coconut pulp fermentation on the biomass and population of silkworm (Tubifex tubifex)
Authors: Puspitasari D , Lutfiyah L , Sulmartiwi L
Published: December 2023

Silkworm is a type of worm that can be found in waterways that contain organic matter. Silkworms are difficult to find especially during the rainy season and silkworms can carry parasites because their habitat is in dirty places. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect and effective dose of a combination of the innards silage of fish and coconut pulp fermentation on the biomass and population of silkworms. The research method used was the experimental method, data analysis in this study used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Distance test. The result showed application combination of the innards silage of fish and coconut pulp fermentation had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the biomass and population of silkworms. The highest biomass with a value of 16,296 g was found in treatment P3 (rice field mud+25% innards silage of fish +75% fermentation coconut pulp), while the highest population was obtained in treatment P3 with a total population of 1463 individuals.
Stress level of vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) with infested ciliata pathogens after open wet transportation
Authors: Apriyadi A F , Mahasri G , Sulmartiwi L
Published: December 2023

Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the leading fishery commodities in Indonesia. The unbalanced interaction between the environment, host, and pathogen causes the shrimp’s body defense to decrease and it is easy for parasites to infest and cause disease. This study aimed to determine the correlation between stress levels and the degree of ectoparasite infestation in vaname shrimp which was infested with pathogenic ciliates prior to open wet system transportation. This research uses survey method. Sampling of vaname shrimp at IBAP Lamongan. The parameters observed were blood glucose levels and the degree of infestation. The results of the ectoparasite examination showed that the ectoparasites that infested vaname shrimp had the degree of infestation in the category of very mild to moderate infestation. The number of vaname shrimp with a very light category is 4, the category of light infestation degree is 22, the number of vaname shrimp with a moderate level of infestation category is 24. There is a correlation between blood glucose levels and the level of infestation of ectoparasites which have a very high power. Thus, an increase in blood glucose levels will be followed by an increase in the rate of ectoparasite infestation.
Study on the preference of rosella mangrove syrup with different concentrations of sucrose
Authors: Ramadhani S N , Saputra E , Andriyono S
Published: December 2023

Syrup products are preferred considering the tropical climate of Indonesia. One of the mangrove fruits that can be processed into syrup is pedada (Sonneratia caseolaris) which is combined with the natural colour of roselle flower petals. With the addition of roselle, the resulting syrup colour becomes attractive with a pink color. The manufacture of roselle mangrove syrup requires the addition of the right sugar. In this study, the manufacture of 1 kg of mangrove fruit was added with 3 concentrations of sucrose sugar (1; 1.5, and 2 kg). Tests were carried out by measuring antioxidant activity, the value of sucrose content, viscosity, and hedonic test. The test results showed that the value of sucrose content increased along with the addition of sucrose sugar to the syrup, namely 65.61 to 71.46%. The value of this sucrose content has met the SNI for syrup. The highest antioxidant value in the 2 kg sugar treatment was 79.58. In the study of the viscosity, the highest value at treatment with the composition of 2 kg sugar additional. However, the panelists preferred syrup with a sugar composition of 1.5 kg with the highest score marked on the hedonic test.
Blood glucose level and infestation degree by Zeylanicobdella sp. in cantang grouper before and after closed wet transportation system
Authors: Mahasri G , Khatami R M , Romadhon A A , Musa N , Kusnoto
Published: December 2023

The cantang grouper is one of the high-value fisheries commodities. Transportation is an integral activity in aquaculture, notably in transporting cantang grouper. Among the methods is the closed wet transportation system. The disrupted environment in the closed wet transportation system, exhaustion, and deficit of the immune system can cause the cantang grouper to be infested by marine leech or Zeylanicobdella. In this study, Zeylanicobdella sp. infestation levels and cantang grouper blood glucose levels are compared before and after a closed wet transportation system. This research used an experimental method. The 35 individuals’ sample was examined for blood glucose levels and the infestation degree of Zeylanicobdella. Subsequently, they were transported from Situbondo, East Java, to the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya and re-examined. The results of measuring blood glucose levels of cantang grouper were in the below-normal category, normal, and above-normal. There was no significant difference in the infestation degree by Zeylanicobdella sp. between before and after transportation. This study concludes that closed wet transportation affected blood glucose levels and did not affect the degree of infestation by Zeylanicobdella sp. in cantang grouper.
Toxicity of brilliant blue dye on development organ and survival rate of tilapia larvae (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Wicaksono F A , Triastuti J , Lutfiyah L , Dewi N N
Published: December 2023

One of the most widely used textile dyes is brilliant blue. However, brilliant blue has a bad influence on the waters, namely the effect of carcinogenic, polluted air quality, cannot be degraded or non-biodegradable and affects fish life in the waters. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the toxicity of brilliant blue dye on organ development and survival rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae. The stage of this research was a completely randomized design with the provision of brilliant blue dye to the larvae of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The results showed that the highest concentration treatment (40 ppm) experienced the fastest organ development, the smallest yolk volume (0.14 mm3), the highest abnormality (20%), and the lowest larval survival rate (65%).
Effect of antibacterial activity and analysis of active compounds of Hyrtios erecta sponge ethanol extract using maceration method
Authors: Wardany R , Patmawati  , Nirmala D
Published: December 2023

This type of sponge Hyrtios erecta has not been widely studied as an antibacterial agent. The method used to extract the Hyrtios erecta sponge is using maceration. The use of this maceration method aims to compare the use of extraction in producing yields. This study used tests such as water content test using the Loss on Drying method, yield test, phytochemical test using the tube method, and antibacterial activity test using the disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer). The research design used was RAL. Antibacterial activity data using ANOVA. While the data from the other tests were analyzed by descriptive method. The results showed that the use of different extraction methods and extract concentrations resulted in significantly different diameters of the inhibition zones. The results showed that the best treatment in producing the diameter of the inhibition zone was the maceration method with a concentration of 30000 ppm/disk which was 7.08±1.81 for Escherichia coli and 2.83±1.21 for Staphylococcus aureus. Hyrtios erecta extract was more sensitive to gram negative than gram positive. The ethanol extract of the Hyrtios erecta sponge which has been tested in the form of phytochemicals shows the presence of bioactive compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins.
Exposure metanil yellow as textile dye
Authors: Triastuti J , Rahayu AP
Published: December 2023

The textile industry is one of the fastest growing industries today. The more the textile industry, the more dye waste is generated. Waste that is not managed properly and is wasted in the waters can cause pollution. Fish that are commonly found in freshwater are the Cichlid group, one of which is tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which can be exposed to textile dye waste. Exposure to chemical-based textile dye waste can affect fish physiology, including the formation of fish bones when fish are growing. This can be seen from the results of research on the description of malformation of tilapia exposed to metanil yellow textile dye. This research is an experimental study on juveniles conducted in the laboratory for one month. The results showed that there were malformation in the cephal, truncus and caudal tilapia.
Morphological and molecular identification of java barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) from East Java Province
Authors: Rahmawati M , Mukti A T , Andriyono S
Published: December 2023

This study aims is compare the identification of Java barb fish (Barbonymus gonionotus) in East Java Province by morphometric and molecular identification. Molecular identification was conducted using mitochondrial DNA based on the Cytochrome Oxidase Sub Unit I (COI) region. Java barb fish samples were collected from various regions in East Java Province including Gresik, Mojokerto, Madiun, Malang, and Banyuwangi. The identification results by morphological and molecular methods showed the same results, namely Barbonymus gonionotus. Based on the morphological identification, Barbonymus gonionotus has a long and flat body shape with a raised back, terminal mouth position, silver body colour with a darker dorsal area, dorsal fin shape with weakly hardened rays, and homocercal caudal fin shape. The morphometric measurements of Java barb fish using the one-way ANOVA test showed that the five locations differed significantly. The results of the molecular research showed that all java barb fish sequences were successfully amplified with the COI gene (648 bp). The BLASTN results show the percentage identity ranges from 99.85-100%.
Study of antioxidant activity and microbiological parameters on rosella mangrove syrup preservation
Authors: Berliana Q S , Pujiastuti D Y , Andriyono S
Published: December 2023

As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has enormous potential for marine and fishery resources. Basalt areas along the coast of Indonesia are habitats for mangrove ecosystems. However, utilising existing mangrove resources still relies on direct benefits such as mangrove wood which causes damage to the existing mangrove ecosystem. Concepts of sustainable use is to process mangrove fruit into functional food, namely mangrove syrup from pedada (Sonneratia caseolaris). The syrup from the mangrove fruit is combined with the natural dyes of roselle flowers. In this study, storage temperature testing was carried out by observing the value of antioxidant activity and microbiological contamination. Storage was carried out at temperatures of 10, 25 and 35C, respectively, with a storage time of 28 days. The results showed that as long as storage, the value of antioxidant activity decreased. The lowest value at storage is 10; 25; and 35°C respectively 49.73; 43.72; and 39.92. In addition, storage at 35°C for 28 days showed the highest growth of microorganisms, which was 293.33 CFU. This shows that storing mangrove syrup should be carried out at low temperatures (refrigerator) by reducing direct contact with sunlight to maintain the antioxidant quality of the syrup and other nutritional compositions.
Analysis of ram cichlid (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) hatchery performance at Fisheries Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung
Authors: Santanumurti MB , Sulistyawati Y , Hudaidah S
Published: December 2023

Ram cichlid (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) is one of the ornamental fish that has good development prospects. This is because this freshwater ornamental fish has a very attractive color. This study aims to determine the hatchery performance of ram cichlids at the Fisheries Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, one of the places where this ornamental fish is developed. The results showed that the fertilization rate was 73%, the hatching rate was 62% and the survival rate was 78%. This shows that hatchery activities at the Fisheries Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung still need to be developed.
Different stocking density on growth and survival rate of tilapia seeds (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Maharani S B , Fasya A H
Published: December 2023

Stocking density is one aspect of cultivation that needs to be known because it affects the growth rate and survival rate that determines the level of production. High stocking density will result in competition in getting feed and space, resulting in growth variations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stocking density on growth and survival of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) seeds. The observation method was carried out experimentally with the treatments given in this observation: treatment P1 = 100 head stocking density; P2= 200 head stocking density; p3 = 300 head stocking density. The results showed that different densities resulted in different growth and survival rates, treatment 1 had an SGR value of 5.58% and an SR of 94%; Treatment 2 obtained an SGR value of 4.96% with an SR value of 88% and the lowest results were obtained in treatment 3 with an SGR value of only 2.02%/day and an SR of 83%. Water quality at the time of maintenance showed optimum results with a temperature range between 27-29°C, pH around 6.9-7.7 and DO around 3-5 Mg/l
Intensive enlargement management of vannameii shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Banyuwangi
Authors: Agustin A R , Sari P D W
Published: December 2023

Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) becomes main commodities aquaculture productions in Indonesia which has high economic value. The production strategy and management of vannamei shrimp culture must be considered and developed mainly at the enlargement stage to produce a consumption measure and export size. Feeding management was done by blind feeding program and demand feeding with ancho as monitoring tool, also biomass sampling control. The frequency of feeding is 2-5 times a day with a distance of 3-4 hours. Water quality monitoring is carried out in situ and ex situ including 7.6-8.1 in pH, temperature was 26-28°C, brightness was 28-40 cm, dissolved oxygen was 3.76-4.66 ppm, salinity was 27-29 ppt, and water height was 110-140 cm.
Microalgal in waters and sediments of Surabaya mangrove areas
Authors: Nafisyah A L , Anggraeni A , Masithah E D , Sugumar S , Jayanthy A K , Arunachalam K D , Mohtar W A A Q I W , Viswanathan K
Published: December 2023

Mangrove areas stored the highest carbon content in the tropics which is three times higher than the average carbon in mainland tropical forest areas. The nutrients surround may support the growth of primary producers such microalgae. The community of microalgae was observed during the high and low tide in wet season (December 2021). Five water samples were collected during high tide, while during low tide three stations was visited to obtain the sediment samples. Supporting parameters include chlorophyll a, nutrient content, ORP, DO, and pH was measured in situ. The results showed that the microalgae communities both in waters and sediments of Surabaya mangrove areas was always consisted of Chaetoceros sp., Pleurosigma sp. and Skeletonema sp. in each sample. The abundance of microalgae in waters and sediments was ranged from 32 – 7,898 and 15,200 – 17,200 cells mL-1, respectively. Based on the Simpson’s dominance index (D), waters and sediments samples were resulting a range from 0.15 – 0.19 and 0.17 – 0.23, respectively. Whereas the Shannon’s diversity index (H′) ranged from 1.94 – 2.04 for water samples and 1.99 – 2.17 for sediment samples. The equitability index (E) of both waters and sediments was range from 0.13 - 0.63 and 0.42 - 0.86, respectively. These results show that Surabaya mangrove areas is classified as an oligotrophic area.
Monitoring of microbial, water quality, and production performance of Litopenaeus vannamei on intensive pond in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Wiradana P A , Maharani A Y , Sani M D , Susilo R J K , Riandi M I , Widhiantara I G , Sudaryatma P E , Okabayashi T , Mukti A T
Published: December 2023

The aim of the research is to monitor the dynamics of microbial number, water quality, and production performance in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, utilizing an intensive system. This research was carried out on seven Pacific white shrimp ponds over the duration of one maintenance cycle (84 days), from November 2019 to February 2020. Interestingly, the results showed that the highest total bacterial counts (TBC) were obtained in pond P3, namely in the range of 0.12-98.0×105 CFU/mL, the highest total Vibrio counts (TVC) were obtained in pond P5, namely in the range of 0.09-2.8×105 CFU/mL, luminous bacterial counts (LBC) were only found in ponds P1, P4, and P5 with the same range values, namely 0-100×103 CFU. The best performance of Pacific white shrimp production was found in pond P2, with a percentage of survival rate (SR) and productivity of 65 percent and 4074.5kg/ha, respectively, and the worst was found in pond P5, with a percentage of survival rate (SR) and productivity of 35 percent and 2583.66 kg/ha, respectively. Finally, the intense culture system used for Pacific white shrimp accumulates dynamics that may alter microbiology, water quality, and production performance.
The effect of temperature differences on oxygen consumption level (OCL) and stress level in the process of spawning vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Meidiana D , Masithah E D , Isroni W
Published: December 2023

Vannamei shrimp (Litopeaeus vannamei) is main commodity as well as a mainstay export product in the aquaculture industry program. One of the problems faced in this case of the spawning process caused by poor air quality, especially at temperature thah can increase energy production. The energy released by the vaname shrimp comes from glucose in the haemocytes. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature differences on Oxygen Consumption Level (OCL) and stress level in the spawning prcocess of vaname shrimp. This research is experimental using Completely Randomized Design (RAL). This study used 4 treatments, including 28°C as a control, 30°C, 32°C, and 34°C. The results were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the DMRT. The result of this study indicate that the difference in temperature affects the Oxygen Consumption Level (OCL) and stress level in the spawning process of vaname shrimp (p<0,05). The treatment that has a major influence on the value of the (OCL) and stress level (by measure to blood glucose levels) is at 34°C for OCL with values range from 0,74 – 0,822 mg/O2/gr/jam and for stress level mostly influences temperature is 32°C and 34°C with values range from 45,6 – 64,8 mg/dL.
The value of the nutritional composition of fresh fish and flour-anchovy
Authors: Litaay C , Indriawati  , Nuraini L , Anggara C E W , Sriharti  , Triyono A , Hidayat T
Published: December 2023

Anchovy provides benefits in increasing bone density and preventing bone loss (osteoporosis) because it contains a lot of calcium and phosphorus. The aim of this study was to determine the value nutritional composition of anchovy after the immersion method. The fish was immersion in different methods of fresh anchovy, flour-anchovy water method, and flour-anchovy alkaline for 1 hour. The value of nutritional composition showed that protein, ash, fat, water, phosphate content, and calcium content were affected by water or alkaline immersion methods. Anchovy flour produced by immersion water for 1 hour showed the best composition value with an ash content of 17.45%, protein content of 74.08%, phosphorus 33948.87 mg/kg, and calcium 6466.51 mg/100g.
The potential of Moringa oleifera extract as a phytobiotic candidate for the growth of Lactobacillus fermentum bacteria by in vitro
Authors: Arumdani D F , Lokapirnasari W P , Sarudji S , Lamid M , Chusniati S , Hamid I S
Published: December 2023

Moringa oleifera is used to explore the biodiversity of the ability of herbal plants as a candidate phytobiotic. The total carbohydrate content in the ethanol extract is 42% consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides which are gut micro-flora nutrient. The study aimed to discover the effect of moringa leaf extracts with different dosages to improve Lactobacillus fermentum bacteria’s growth. The study employed moringa leaf extracts and Lactobacillus fermentum bacteria then divided them into four groups, i.e., control group (P0), treatment P1 with moringa leaf extracts of 0.1% dosage, treatment P2 with moringa leaf extracts of 0.2%, and treatment P3 with moringa leaf extracts of 0.3% dosage. At the end of the treatment, each colony was calculated using the Total Plate Count method. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and subjected to the Duncan test. The study results show that moringa leaf extracts with dosages of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% could improve Lactobacillus fermentum bacteria’s growth. The average growth log of Lactobacillus fermentum bacteria on treatment P0 was 3,532 log CFU/ml, 4,320 log CFU/ml for treatment P1, 4,368 log CFU/ml for treatment P2, and 4,480 log CFU/ml for treatment P3 as the highest value.
Analysis of fisherman’s income affected by the Covid-19 pandemic in Kranji fish landing bases, Paciran, Lamongan District
Authors: Magdalena A S , Sahidu A M , Isroni W
Published: December 2023

Fisherman income was influenced by various factors. One of the factors that take affect income fishermen is the pandemic COVID-19. This study aims to analyze the income level of fishermen before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and to determine the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on fishermen’s income. The method used in this study was survey method, which describes the problem according to the facts that have just taken place, then determination of respondents by means of Simple Random Sampling. The research data were statistically tested using the Different T-Test. The average income of fishermen before the Covid-19 pandemic was Rp. 1,225,531.92 while during the Covid-19 pandemic it was Rp. 1,216,893.62. The results of the Paired Sample Test on the income of fishermen in Kranji Landing Fish Base (PPI) before and during the Covid-19 pandemic showed a p value> 0.05 so it can be concluded that there was no significant difference between the income of fishermen before and during the Covid-19 pandemic or the Covid-19 pandemic has no significant effect on the income of fishermen in Kranji Fish Landing Bases (PPI). The main factor that affects the income of fishermen in Kranji Fish Landing Bases (PPI) is the weather or season.
Feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency of giant gouramy (Osphronemus goramy) seed with different densities on biofloc media
Authors: Wiyono R R , Dewi N N , Amin M , Fauzan A L
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of different densities on the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency of giant gourami on biofloc media. This study used an experimental method using a completely randomized design. Giant gourami seeds were reared for 42 days with four treatments and three replications. K1 (control, non-biofloc, density of 100 fish/pond), K2 (control, non-biofloc, density of 150 fish/pond), P1 (treatment of biofloc with a density of 100 fish/pond), and P2 (treatment of biofloc with a density of 150 fish/pond)). The results showed that different densities had no significant effect on the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency of giant gourami seeds on biofloc media (p>0.05). However, the lowest feed conversion ratio value was found in treatment P2 (1.17 ± 0.01), then followed by treatment P1 (1.28 ± 0.2), K1 (1.99 ± 1.02), and the highest value was in treatment K2. (2.11 ± 0.83). The highest feed utilization efficiency value was found in treatment P2 (85.78 ± 0.01%), then followed by treatment P1 (79.10 ± 0.11%), K1 (58.58 ± 0.24%), and the lowest value was found in treatment K2 (52.02 ± 0.18%).
Characteristics of flavour paste from bone milkfish (Chanos chanos) with additional of tapioca flour
Authors: Muslimin M , Sahidu A M , Pujiastuti D Y
Published: December 2023

Milkfish bones contains glutamic acid of 7.38%. Glutamic acid is one of the constituents of protein that triggers the umami taste in a dish. Utilization of milkfish bone as a natural flavoring can be obtained through extraction. To make the product in the form of paste, it is necessary to add tapioca flour as a thickener. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of milkfish flavor paste with the addition of different concentrations of tapioca flour. This research using experimental design. The independent variables used were tapioca flour concentrations of 0% (P0), 2.5% (P1), 5% (P2), and 7.5% (P3). Completely randomized design (CRD) was used as the experimental design. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and to find out the best treatment, Duncan test was performed. The addition of tapioca flour affects the protein content with a value (5.38% - 14.78%), fat content with a value (2.45% - 2.53%), moisture content with a value (80.12% - 91.2 %), viscosity with a value (2.11 cSt/s – 558.99 cSt/s), yield with a value (73.69% - 82.4%). While the addition of tapioca flour had no significant effect on the water solubility index of the flavoring paste with a value (98.93% - 99.24%).
Analysis of high protein feed on the maintenance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock in brackishwater culture
Authors: Chairany N , Sari L A , Arshad S
Published: December 2023

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a fish native to Indonesian waters which has spread to Southeast Asia and China. Tilapia is generally cultivated in fresh waters, but due to the high demand adaptation of tilapia cultivation in brackishwater is also conducted. The purpose of the study was to determine the analysis of high protein feed in rearing Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock in brackishwater culture. The research method included the data collection of specific daily growth rate parameters and survival values. The content of protein used in feed was 35%. The results included the value of the specific daily growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock of 0.0102% and a survival value of 100%. The water quality was in the temperature range of 27-33oC, pH of 6-8, DO of 3.26-6.38 mg/L, and salinity of 0-5 ppt. The study was influenced by several factors including pond preparation, broodstock preparation, broodstock selection, broodstock feeding, water quality management, and pest and disease control.