bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of OMOP common data model for process mining in healthcare
Authors: Park Kangah , Cho Minsu , Song Minseok , Yoo Sooyoung , Baek Hyunyoung , Kim Seok , Kim Kidong
Published: January 2023

Background and objective

Recently, Electronic Health Records (EHR) are increasingly being converted to Common Data Models (CDMs), a database schema designed to provide standardized vocabularies to facilitate collaborative observational research. To date, however, rare attempts exist to leverage CDM data for healthcare process mining, a technique to derive process-related knowledge (e.g., process model) from event logs. This paper presents a method to extract, construct, and analyze event logs from the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) CDM for process mining and demonstrates CDM-based healthcare process mining with several real-life study cases while answering frequently posed questions in process mining, in the CDM environment.

Methods

We propose a method to extract, construct, and analyze event logs from the OMOP CDM for process types including inpatient, outpatient, emergency room processes, and patient journey. Using the proposed method, we extract the retrospective data of several surgical procedure cases (i.e., Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH), Total Hip Replacement (THR), Coronary Bypass (CB), Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD)) from the CDM of a Korean tertiary hospital. Patient data are extracted for each of the operations and analyzed using several process mining techniques.

Results

Using process mining, the clinical pathways, outpatient process models, emergency room process models, and patient journeys are demonstrated using the extracted logs. The result shows CDM’s usability as a novel and valuable data source for healthcare process analysis, yet with a few considerations. We found that CDM should be complemented by different internal and external data sources to address the administrative and operational aspects of healthcare processes, particularly for outpatient and ER process analyses.

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to exploit CDM for healthcare process mining. Specifically, we provide a step-by-step guidance by demonstrating process analysis from locating relevant CDM tables to visualizing results using process mining tools. The proposed method can be widely applicable across different institutions. This work can contribute to bringing a process mining perspective to the existing CDM users in the changing Hospital Information Systems (HIS) environment and also to facilitating CDM-based studies in the process mining research community.
Usability and acceptance of a mobile health wallet for pregnancy-related healthcare: A mixed methods study on stakeholders’ perceptions in central Madagascar
Authors: Lacroze Etienne , Frühauf Anna , Nordmann Kim , Rampanjato Zavaniarivo , Muller Nadine , De Neve Jan-Walter , Andriamampianina Ralisimalala , Rajemison Elsa , Bärnighausen Till , Knauss Samuel , Emmrich Julius Valentin
Published: January 2023

Background

Several sub-Saharan African countries use digital financial services to improve health financing, especially for maternal and child health. In cooperation with the Malagasy Ministry of Health, the NGO Doctors for Madagascar is implementing a mobile health wallet for maternal health care in public-sector health facilities in Madagascar. Our aim was to explore the enabling and limiting factors related to the usability and acceptance of the Mobile Maternal Health Wallet (MMHW) intervention during its implementation.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed methods study with mothers and pregnant women and facility- (FBHWs) and community-based (CHWs) health workers from public-sector health facilities in three districts of the Analamanga region in Madagascar. We used a convergent design in collecting and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data. We performed one-stage proportional sampling of women who had signed up for the MMHW. All FBHWs and CHWs at primary care facilities in the intervention area were eligible to participate.

Results and significance

314 women, 76 FBHWs, and 52 CHWs were included in the quantitative survey. Qualitative data were extracted from in-depth interviews with 12 women and 12 FBHWs and from six focus group discussions with 39 CHWSs. The MMHW intervention was accepted and used by health workers and women from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Main motivations for women to enroll in the intervention were the opportunity to save money for health (30.6%), electronic vouchers for antenatal ultrasound (30.2%), and bonus payments upon reaching a savings goal (27.9%). Main motivation for health workers was enabling pregnant women to save for health, thus encouraging facility-based deliveries (57.9%). Performance-based payments had low motivational value for health workers. Key facilitators were community sensitization, strong women-health worker relationship, decision making at the household level, and repetitive training on the use of the MMHW. Key barriers included limited phone ownership, low level of digital literacy, disinformation concerning the effects of the intervention, and technical problems like slow payout processes.
Linking primary emotional traits to ideological attitudes and personal value types
Authors: Sindermann Cornelia , Kannen Christopher , Montag Christian
Published: January 2023

The present study aimed at investigating associations of both ideological attitudes and personal value types with the personality traits derived from the Affective Neuroscience Theory (ANT). For that, data of N = 626 (n = 403 men, n = 220 women, n = 3 identifying as neither a man nor a woman) participants of an online survey in the German language were analyzed. Relations of primary emotional traits derived from the ANT with Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA), Social Dominance Orientation (SDO), and personal value types, such as the higher-order value type dimensions “Conservation–Openness to Change” and “Self-Enhancement–Self-Transcendence”, were examined by means of correlational analyses and structural equation modeling. Results revealed among others relations between low SEEKING, high ANGER and high RWA. Low CARE and high ANGER were associated with high SDO. Moreover, FEAR was related to the higher-order value type dimension ranging from Conservation to Openness to Change. ANGER was associated with the higher-order value type dimension ranging from Self-Enhancement to Self-Transcendence. The present results do not only expand knowledge on the personality traits associated with ideological attitudes and personal value types. Beyond this, considering the neuroanatomical, functional, and neurochemical correlates of the primary emotional traits SEEKING, ANGER, CARE, and FEAR, the present results may provide a roadmap for forthcoming studies aiming at examining biological correlates of ideological attitudes and personal value types, such as those works in the field of political neuroscience.
Effect of decoration route on the nanomechanical, adhesive, and force response of nanocelluloses—An in situ force spectroscopy study
Authors: Li Jing , Mathew Aji P.
Published: January 2023

Although cellulose derivatives are widely applied in high-tech materials, the relation between their force responses and their surface chemical properties in a biological environment as a function of pH is unknown. Here, interaction forces of surface modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), lignin residual cellulose nanocrystals (LCNCs), and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibres (TCNFs) with OSO3−, COO− and lignin chemical groups were measured using in situ peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping and force spectroscopy in salt solution at two pH values. We found that the forces acting between the tip and CNC or LCNC are steric dominated showing long range and slow decay as a result of their low surface charge density. High Mw lignin contributed to the increased repulsion range for LCNCs compared to CNCs. The repulsion measured for TCNFs at the very short range was electrostatic force dominating showing a steep decay attributed to its high surface charge density. In the case of TCNFs, electrostatic double layer force was also evidenced by the attraction measured at secondary minima. In all the three cases the electro steric interactions are pH dependent. Dissipation maps verified that the force behavior for each material was related to structural conformation restriction of the groups at compression. The slow decayed repulsion of CNCs or LCNCs is related to a weak restriction of conformational change due to small surface groups or high molecular weight bound polymers forming flat layers, whereas the steep repulsion of TCNFs is attributed to a strong conformation restriction of carboxylic groups occurred by forming extended structure. Our results suggest that the force responses of the materials were dominated by surface charges and structural differences. TCNFs showed superior nanomechanical and repulsion properties over CNCs or LCNCs at neutral pH.
An automated method for the assessment of the rice grain germination rate
Authors: Zhang Yongzhong , Huang Hexiao , Xiong Binbin , Ma Yan
Published: January 2023

The germination rate of rice grain is recognized as one of the most significant indicators of seed quality assessment. Currently, grain germination rate is generally determined manually by experienced researchers, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this paper, a new method is proposed for counting the number of grains and germinated grains. In the coarse segmentation process, the k-means clustering algorithm is applied to obtain rough grain-connected regions. We further refine the segmentation results obtained by the k-means algorithm using a one-dimensional Gaussian filter and a fifth-degree polynomial. Next, the optimal single grain area is determined based on the area distribution curve. Accordingly, the number of grains contained in the connected region is equal to the area of the connected region divided by the optimal single grain area. Finally, a novel algorithm is proposed for counting germinated grains. This algorithm is based on the idea that the length of the intersection between the germ and the grain is less than the circumference of the germ. The experimental results show that the mean absolute error of the proposed method for germination rate is 2.7%. And the performance of the proposed method is robust to changes in grain number, grain varieties, scale, illumination, and rotation.
What’s a chance event? Contrasting different senses of ‘chance’ with Aristotle’s idea of meaningful unusual accidents
Authors: Maar Alexander
Published: January 2023

In this article, I present and explain ten different possible meanings of a chance event – some ontological, some epistemic – and provide examples whenever possible. I describe and illustrate more carefully the view of chance (tychē) expressed by Aristotle in his Physics, a demanding and complex notion, and contrast it to the other senses examined. The etymology of chance also reveals a cross-reference between chance and indeterminism. I draw attention to the fact that most of the definitions of chance on offer need not conflict with causal determinism.
The apotropaic and prophylactic in the Artemision of Thassos: a contextual interpretation of the black-figure pottery from the Archaic period
Authors: Figueira da Hora Juliana
Published: January 2023

The aim of the present paper is to show the results of one chapter of my Doctorate thesis about Thasian black-figure pottery as archaeologically contextualized documents, being part of the votive objects offered at female sanctuaries, especially the Artemision of Thassos. This paper is centered on Thassos, an island situated in the Northern Aegean, settled by Greeks from Paros. We focus on the Archaic Period, more specifically on the sixth century BC, the peak of local production. Departing from the archaeological contexts through excavation reports, we analyze significant social and religious connections among votive materials associated with the Thasian black-figure pottery. These connections brought us elements that allowed us to interpret the multiculturalism imbricated within the objects, the mimicry and the innovations in the decoration of this black-figure pottery, as well as the particular demand in quantitative terms of a type of vessel called lekane, an object that was loaded with information and religious and apotropaic meaning. In addition, those same elements also showed us traits that reveal votive practices, judging by the way the pottery was exhibited, and its decorative features, which to date are only attested in Thassos. The research revealed intrinsic relationships linked to the diverse facets of Artemis, from a goddess protecting the rites of passage to the protection of women in childbirth, as seen in the black-figure pottery, amulets and other apotropaic objects. Moreover, it demonstrated that the multiple facets of Artemis, as protector of women, act in many spheres, such the civic-religious space in connection with the oíkos and social order, the possibility of a good childbirth and the social position of women in Thassos from the Archaic period.
Aristotle on dialectic and definition in scientific inquiry
Authors: Mié Fabián
Published: January 2023

By framing Aristotle’s dialectic in the broader context of scientific inquiry and demonstration, this paper is aimed at showing of what use the “reputable opinions” can be for grasping the principles of sciences, as declared in Topics I.2. It argues that such a use cannot imply ‒ at any stage of inquiry ‒ a replacement of the logic and intrinsic goals of demonstration by those proper to dialectic. However, it also defends a substantive (but still modest) contribution of dialectic ‒ beyond its well-attested methodological role in discarding contradictory opinions and its (possible though not germane to the context of Topics I.2) application to proving the principle of non-contradiction by means of refutation. This contribution consists in providing the preliminary accounts of facts in order to have scientific inquiry started, as required in Posterior Analytics II.8. To better appreciate how the proposed location of dialectic in a pre-demonstrative stage of inquiry is operational, the paper finally examines Physics IV.1-5.
Escrevendo orações: linguagens apotropaicas nos Manuscritos do Mar Morto
Authors: Guerra Tupá
Published: January 2023

O problema de como se proteger do mal é um tema recorrente em diversos períodos históricos e sociedades. Textos apotropaicos judaicos, particularmente no período do Segundo Templo, trazem uma variedade de linguagens associadas com proteção. Esse artigo mapeia as diferentes linguagens apotropaicas descritas nos Manuscritos do Mar Morto, com enfoque para o uso da escrita como forma de registrar e preservar orações.
Hubungan antara Kadar Serum Kortisol Pagi Hari dan 25-OH Vitamin D pada Anak dengan Sindrom Nefrotik
Authors: Umboh Adrian , Umboh Valentine , Rompies Ronald
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang. Sindrom nefrotik (SN) adalah penyakit ginjal kronis yang paling sering terjadi pada anak yang diobati dengan kortikosteroid dosis tinggi dan dapat menyebabkan insufisiensi adrenal sekunder, mengakibatkan penurunan kadar kortisol. Proteinuria pada SN secara tidak langsung dapat menyebabkan defisiensi vitamin D yang merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya berbagai penyakit, seperti riketsia, kanker, dan infeksi.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar serum kortisol pagi hari dengan kadar 25-OH vitamin D pada anak sindrom nefrotik.Metode. Metode penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong-lintang pada 30 anak berusia 1-18 tahun dengan sindrom nefrotik yang berobat di Poliklinik Anak RSUD Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou, Manado.Hasil. Kadar kortisol serum pagi hari pada anak dengan SN ditemukan terendah pada SN resisten steroid, dan tertinggi pada SN sensitif steroid. Subjek dengan insufisiensi vitamin D paling banyak ditemui pada kategori SN resisten steroid. Ditemukan hubungan bermakna yang kuat antara kadar kortisol pagi hari dengan kadar vitamin D, dimana kadar kortisol <3 mg/l memiliki risiko 3,5 kali lebih besar mengalami insufisiensi atau defisiensi vitamin D dibandingkan kadar kortisol yang lebih tinggi.Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menemukan hubungan bermakna yang kuat antara kadar kortisol pagi hari dengan kadar vitamin D pada anak dengan sindrom nefrotik.
Hiding in Plain Sight: Toward a Celebration of Hebraica Catalogers
Authors: Kohn Roger
Published: January 2023

This article offers a chance to readers to know better the Hebraica catalogers who have been active in the United States and Canada, currently active, retired and deceased. 
There are two parts in this article. First the author presents how the article came into being, the source the author used and the existing bibliography. Then the author presents the field of Hebraica and Judaica librarianship in the “longue durée.” The second part contains testimonies of Hebraica catalogers who accepted to contribute to this article.
Representações sobre a escrita do TCC em memes da página TCC da Depressão
Authors: Lima Anny Angélica de Assis Maia de , Silva Nara Karolina de Oliveira , Bessa José Cezinaldo Rocha
Published: January 2023

A escrita de textos acadêmico-científicos tem sido objeto crescente de avaliações, problematizações e questionamentos por parte de graduandos e pós-graduandos em diversos espaços de encontros e interações possibilitados por plataformas digitais. Direcionando nosso olhar para o universo das redes sociais digitais, objetivamos, neste trabalho, analisar representações sobre a escrita do TCC expressas em memes da página TCC da Depressão. Fundamentados em concepções do Círculo de Bakhtin sobre o funcionamento ideológico e dialógico da linguagem e em estudos que abordam a escrita de textos acadêmico-científicos, realizamos uma análise qualitativa e interpretativa de representações sobre o TCC expressas em três memes selecionados da página TCC da Depressão, no Facebook. Os resultados da análise apontaram que, a despeito de circularem em um espaço cujo propósito é o compartilhamento de impressões e apreciações valorativas sobre a experiência do TCC, os memes selecionados expressaram, também, representações negativas sobre essa experiência, associando o processo de escrita do TCC à imagem de sofrimento, de angústia, de temor e de ato de agressão. Acreditamos que, como reflexo, tais representações podem contribuir para intensificar nos estudantes inibição, procrastinação e sofrimento psicológico, quando não a desistência do curso, em vez de instaurar posturas mais proativas em relação à escrita do texto e à própria formação do estudante.
Development of Self-Questionnaire for Internal Dose Assessment by Food Ingestion
Authors: Lee JiEun , Kim Hyo Jin , Kye Yong-Uk , Lee Dong-Yeon , Jo Wol Soon , Lee Chang-Geun , Kim Jung-Ki , Kang Yeong-Rok
Published: January 2023

Background: The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant increased the level of anxiety related to the radioactive contamination of various foods sourced in Japan. Particularly, after the accident, the detection of artificial radionuclides in locally produced foods raised food safety concerns. In this study, the radioactivity concentrations and annual ingestions of 40K and 137Cs in food products commonly and frequently consumed by the general public were investigated, and the annual effective dose of each was evaluated.Materials and Methods: The 2016–2018 data from the Radiation Safety Management Report released by the Korea Nuclear Safety Technology Center was referenced for the evaluation of the amounts of 40K and 137Cs contained in food. Using the food-ingestion survey mentioned above as a reference, we selected 62 foods to include in our radioactivity concentration and dose assessment. We also developed a questionnaire and evaluated the responses from the subjects who answered the questionnaire.Results and Discussion: The radioactivity concentration of 137Cs was found to be close to or below the level of minimum detectable activity. Additionally, the annual ingestion of 62 foods was 294.77 kg/yr, the effective doses from 40K and 137Cs were 136.4 and 0.163 μSv/yr, respectively.Conclusion: Thus, the findings confirmed that the effective dose from 40K and 137Cs in food tends to be lower than the effective dose limit of 1 mSv/yr suggested by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 60. The questionnaire developed in this study is expected to be useful for estimating the annual effective dose status of Korean adults who consume foods containing 40K and 137Cs.
Woman in “The Civics Book for Turkish Children”
Authors: Şahin Mustafa , Yılmaz Uğur , Kaya Ebru , Taşdelen Arzum
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine the image of women in “The Civics Book for Turkish Children”, which was written for the fifth grade civics course of primary school and taught since the academic year 1931-1932. This study has a qualitative research model. The data were collected through document review and analyzed using content analysis. The book was examined with the document analysis technique and all the images related to “woman” were noted in both the texts and images and marked by coloring on the screen. In the second reading, meticulous encodings were made and expressions with temporary theme names were classified according to their similarities, adhering to their essence. The form of expression of each content was concluded with the decision of four researchers. At this stage, direct phrases appropriate to each of the themes were determined in order to further elaborate on or support the theme. In the texts and visuals of the textbook “The Civics Book for Turkish Children”, the image of women was shaped according to the social and political structure of the period, and an attempt was made to reflect the role of women in the atmosphere of that period. This situation has parallels with the evaluation results encountered in the research literature related to textbooks and children's books.

Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.

Özet
Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul beşinci sınıf yurt bilgisi dersleri için yazılmış ve 1931-1932 öğretim yılından itibaren beşinci sınıflarda okutulmuş olan “Türk Yavrularına Yurt Bilgisi” kitabında kadın imgesini incelemektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla toplanmış ve içerik analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Kitap doküman analizi tekniği ile incelenmiş ve “kadın” ile ilgili tüm görseller hem metinlerde hem de görsellerde not edilmiş ve ekranda renklendirilerek işaretlenmiştir. İkinci okumada titizlikle kodlamalar yapılmış ve özlerine bağlı kalarak benzerliklerine göre geçici tema adlarına sahip ifadeler sınıflandırılmıştır. Her bir içeriğin ifade biçimi dört araştırmacının kararı ile sonuçlandırılmıştır. Bu aşamada, temayı daha da detaylandırmak veya desteklemek için temaların her birine uygun doğrudan ifadeler belirlenmiştir.  “Türk Çocukları için Yurttaşlık Kitabı” ders kitabının metin ve görsellerinde kadın imajı dönemin sosyal ve politik yapısına göre şekillenmiş ve o dönemin atmosferinde kadının rolünü yansıtmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu durum ders kitapları ve çocuk kitapları ile ilgili araştırma literatüründe karşılaşılan değerlendirme sonuçlarıyla paraleldir.
A Psychomythological Syndrome: The Andromeda Complex in Occupational Life and Its Dimensions
Authors: Akkaya Burcu
Published: January 2023

In both their private and occupational lives, women sometimes feel powerless due to the problems they encounter and exhibit the behavior of waiting for help. One of the psychomythological syndromes that causes women to lag behind men in work life is defined as the Andromeda Complex. The aim of this study, which was designed in the "analytical research" model, one of the qualitative research methods, is to analyze the Andromeda Complex, which expresses this redemptive waiting syndrome women experience consciously or unconsciously, and to determine the dimensions of the Andromeda Complex experienced by women. The analysis is based on three narratives that form the foundations of this complex. For this purpose, these three narratives, namely the myth of "Andromeda," which gave the complex its name, "Cendrillon" by Charles Perrault, and "Cinderella" by the Brothers Grimm, were analyzed through the content analysis technique to determine the dimensions of the female depiction drawn in these tales. According to the research findings, emotionality, daydreaming, being dependent, not being combative, belief that a savior will come, and internalizing social gender roles constitute the individual dimension of the Andromeda Complex, while social gender, gender discrimination, and stereotypes form the social dimension. Awareness of the factors that cause the complex may contribute to the protection of women who play an active role in many areas of social life, especially in the education and health sectors, from this complex, especially in the workplace, to gain self-confidence, to their well-being, and their productivity.
ANALISIS METODE ANTREAN DAN SIMULASI MONTE CARLO PADA ANTREAN DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL (DISDUKCAPIL) KOTA SALATIGA DILENGKAPI GUI-R
Authors: Ningsih Diyah Rahayu , Sugito Sugito , Rusgiyono Agus
Published: January 2023

One of the services that often occurs in everyday life is the queue service. Queues can arise due to delays in a service system in providing a service, resulting in a row of a group of people to get a service. The queue analyzed in this study is a queue in The Salatiga City Disdukcapil. The parameters on which this research is based are the number of arrivals (λ) and service time (μ) of visitors who arrive. The methods used are queue analysis and Monte Carlo simulation. The Monte Carlo method provides more effective results at each counter than using queue analysis. The result of this study is a decrease in the utilization rate of service facilities, so that it is accompanied by a decrease in the size of system performance for the calculation of Lq, Ls, Wq, and Ws. Decreases in utilization rates and system performance measures at each counter make an increase in the probability of idle systems at each counter. The model generated by the sample data with the Monte Carlo simulation data tends to be the same, namely for counter 1,2,3,4, counter 5 model (G/G/c):(GD/¥/¥), and for counter 6 with queuing model ( G/M/1):(GD/¥/¥).
The Effect of HLB Surfactant Value on The Characteristics of Emulsion Biodiesel Palm Oil Using Homogenizer
Authors: Damayani Intan Ardina , Paramita Vita , Yulianto Mohamad Endy
Published: January 2023

The process of making water emulsion in palm oil biodiesel is assisted by using two types of surfactants with different HLB values, namely Tween 80 and Span 80. This study aims to determine the characteristics of palm oil biodiesel emulsion made using a homogenizer with different HLB values, surfactant composition and water content in each sample. Density, viscosity, stability and microscopy tests were carried out to determine the characteristics of palm oil biodiesel emulsion. The results were obtained in the form of the highest density and viscosity values found in samples with high HLB values, surfactant composition and water content, while for stability test results were found in samples with low HLB values, surfactant composition and low water content. This shows that the difference in the value of HLB used will affect the amount of surfactant composition and moisture content in the sample composition and will affect the density, viscosity and stability of the palm oil biodiesel emulsion formed.
Monitorovanie kognitívneho vývinu vo vzdelávacom programe ExpEdícia: Môže kognitívny vývin odrážať vplyv vzdelávacieho prostredia?
Authors: Koperová Dominika , Held Ľubomír
Published: January 2023

Inovatívny pohľad na vzdelávanie v oblasti prírodných vied predstavuje vzdelávací program ExpEdícia – skús, skúmaj, spoznaj. Ponúka možnosť vyučovať prírodovedné predmety cez systematicky aplikované prvky IBSE, priestor na vzdelávanie učiteľov a prípravu vhodných učebných a metodických materiálov. Cieľom príspevku je priniesť pohľad na monitorovanie kognitívneho vývinu žiakov dlhodobo sa učiacich vo vzdelávacom programe a zároveň ich porovnanie so žiakmi učiacimi sa tradičným spôsobom, dominante výkladom. V triedach bol aplikovaný test Inventory of Piaget’s Developmental Tasks (IPDT), ktorým sa sledovala dosiahnutá kognitívna úroveň žiaka, a bipolárna výroková škála (BSS), ktorou sa sledovala schopnosť uchopiť abstraktný obsah. Výsledky poukazujú na rozdiel medzi žiakmi ZŠ vo veku 14–15 rokov učiacich sa tradične (12 škôl, 14 tried, 287 žiakov) a učiacich sa ExpEdíciou (2 školy, 4 triedy, 83 žiakov) vo všetkých sledovaných parametroch (IPDT o 10 bodov, miskoncepcie o 2). Vzhľadom na to, že výsledky žiakov zapojených v programe sa javia výrazne lepšie než u tradičných žiakov možno predpokladať, že vzdelávacie prostredie, ktoré sa pre žiakov v rámci programu tvorí, má pozitívny vplyv na dosiahnutie ich výsledkov.
Experimenty ve výuce fyziky: Kde se čeští učitelé inspirují?
Authors: Marounová Jana , Kácovský Petr
Published: January 2023

Hlavním cílem této studie, která je součástí rozsáhlého výzkumu role experimentu ve výuce fyziky, je zmapovat zdroje inspirace pro experimentální aktivity, které do svých hodin zařazují čeští středoškolští učitelé. K tomuto účelu byl použit online dotazník rozeslaný v listopadu roku 2020 učitelům fyziky na středních školách a v odpovídajících ročnících gymnázií; své odpovědi poskytlo 309 z přibližně dvou tisíc oslovených respondentů. Vyhodnocením vybraných dvou otázek dotazníku bylo zjištěno, že nejvýznamnějším zdrojem inspirace ve většině věkových skupin je internet, výjimku tvoří pouze nejstarší učitelé s více jak třicetiletou praxí, kteří preferují tištěné sbírky a učebnice. Mezi fyzikáři-muži je oproti fyzikářkám-ženám téměř dvojnásobný podíl těch, kteří deklarují, že si některé experimenty do výuky vymýšlejí sami.  Velké rozdíly při volbě inspirace k experimentům můžeme vidět v závislosti na typu školy, na které respondenti působí. Gymnaziální učitelé v porovnání s učiteli z odborných středních škol ke své inspiraci výrazně více využívají tištěné zdroje a své kolegy. Mezi konkrétně zmiňovanými internetovými zdroji dominují především videa na YouTube, ale i elektronická sbírka pokusů http://fyzikalnipokusy.cz a stránky výrobce měřicích čidel http://vernier.cz. Často zmiňované jsou akce pro učitele zastřešené projekty Elixír do škol a Heuréka.
Enlarged Details and Close-up Views: Art Reproduction in 1930s Czechoslovakia
Authors: Buddeus Hana
Published: January 2023

Each photograph captures an artwork within a particular frame of space and time, providing a perspective that is contingent and dependent on the era the photograph was made in (Bergstein 1992). Moreover, every photograph is always embedded in specific material conditions and has its own social life (Edwards–Hart 2004). The aim of this article is to show the particularity of reproductions of artworks in 1930s Czechoslovakia and the motivations and discussions behind the extensive use of detail. I argue that the pronounced interest in close-up views is a result of a series of circumstances specific to the period. There is an important pre-condition in the development in the field of art photography and graphic design that took place in the late 1920s, bringing about an interest in sharp and faithful images and full bleed prints, as well as a recognition of the social impact of the medium. As a result, photographers, artists, art historians, and graphic designers living in Czechoslovakia also began to rethink the use of photography in the art field. This was manifested in period publications such as the well-known Fotografie vidí povrch (Photography Sees the Surface), published in 1935. In terms of art reproductions, it shows the importance of close-up views for providing an insight into individual artistic approaches and into the history of the respective artwork. The same year saw the publication of the 31st volume of the art magazine Volné směry, which enables us to follow several micro-histories that can also be applied more generally to the period discussions. As illustrated by a text by Bohuslav Slánský and the reproduced photographs of medieval panel portraits from Karlštejn Castle attributed to Master Theodoric, one of the purposes behind the commissions of enlarged photographic details of artworks were planned restorations. Moreover, examples from the photographic campaigns led by the company of Jan Štenc, the State Photo-Measurement Institute, or the project by Karel Šourek, Alexandr Paul, and František Illek (Documenta Bohemia Artis Phototypica) show that detail is generally used for showing the structure and texture of the work, for zooming in on otherwise distant works, or for the purpose of comparison. According to Volné směry editor-in-chief Emil Filla and his manifesto article “Práce oka”, the new method of working with reproductions and the frequent use of photographic detail precipitated a change in the observational habits of the audience. This intention was materialised through his long-term collaboration with the photographer Josef Sudek, who helped him show the artworks in a new light. It is evident that by the mid-1930s, the synergic work of individuals from different fields brought the use of detail in art-related publications to an unprecedented level.
U źródeł historii wychowania na ziemiach polskich
Authors: Meissner Andrzej
Published: January 2023

The article revolves around the history of upbringing in Poland as a science discipline. The first historical-pedagogical works appeared in the Renaissance and were continued in Age of Enlightenment. However, it was not until the-19th century when a discipline called ‘history of upbringing’ was created. Its development, by East European standards, took place in difficult social and political circumstances. Poland, at that time annexed by Russia, Prussia and Austria, did not enjoy conditions conducive to scientific development. The annexation was counterbalanced by actions instigated by cultural, educational and scientific institutions. As a result, historical science could develop despite the political situation and the financial shortcomings. Introduction of pedagogy and history of upbringing at the Krakow and Lvov Universities was important to the development of the history of upbringing. Antoni Karbownik’s post-doctoral degree in the history of upbringing obtained in 1905 from the Jagiellonian University and post-doctoral degrees in pedagogy (also the Jagiellonian University) awarded to Leon Kulczyński, Euzebiusz Czerkawski, Aleksander Skórski, Antoni Danysz and Bolesław Mańkowski (Lvov University) were breakthroughs in the history of upbringing. For the areas of study to become disciplines of science, they had to be defined, including their research object and the methodological basis. Władysław Seredyński Franciszek Majchrowicz, Antoni Karbowiak and Antoni Danysz adopted a position on the subject. In the late 19th and the early 20th centuries the history of upbringing was perceived as a discipline of science related to history with respect to the ,methodology and with pedagogy with respect to the content, with its own research, terminology, sources and academic teachers. The history of education was officially a part of culture. In this context, educational matters should be viewed.
Edukacyjne konteksty zastosowania muzyki popularnej
Authors: Skrzydlewski Wojciech
Published: January 2023

The article presents selected issues concerning the educational contexts of the application of popular music. It focuses on the development of phonography from the mechanical to the modern form (virtual); popular music on television; ethnic sources of popular music, the non-commercial function of popular music; music at the service of ideas. The article takes into account several characteristics of the great number of educational applications of popular music. Some are linked to commemoration of the work of outstanding artists, honouring the beauty of countries and the natural environment, while others distinguish personalities, friendship and patriotism.
Profesor Wiesław Jamrożek (1954–2021)
Authors: Żołądź-Strzelczyk Dorota , Ratajczak Krzysztof
Published: January 2023

Profesor Wiesław Jamrożek (1954–2021).In memoriam
Aleksandra Wolfgang – kobieta świata nauki i literatury I połowy XIX wieku
Authors: Kamilewicz-Rucińska Danuta
Published: January 2023

The nineteenth century is known as a time of urbanization and industrialization, a time of new concepts, changes in the structure, cohesiveness and value system of contemporary societies. This kind of ideological and cultural eclecticism was not fully applicable in the process of shaping the perception of a woman. Women were still considered to be bereft of individuality while femininity was perceived as a negative trait and a manifestation of selfishness, with men’s dominant position conditioned by traditions, customs and the law.Aleksandra Tekla Sofia Wolfgang (1805–1861) was born to a family of Jan Fryderyk Wolfgang, a scientist, professor of pharmacy, pharmacology and chemistry, and Helena Aloiza Pacowski. Aleksandra made contribution to history by devoting her life to work, scientific and literary, thus giving up her family life. She began literary and scientific activity at the age of sixteen by writing articles, poems, and translating historical works (mostly from French) for the Vilnius press. She translated into Polish scientific works of her father and other world-renowned researchers. In the journal Dzieje Dobroczynności Krajowey i Zagraniczney [eng. The History of National and Foreign Charity] she was the only woman publishing under her own name. In the course of creating a herbarium to describe the flora of Samogitia, Jerzy Pabreż took advantage of some of Alexandra’s proposals to give new names to the plants. Aleksandra Wolfgang made her contribution to the development of botany in Lithuania by creating a herbarium, conducting experiments with plants in natural conditions and describing the surroundings. After her father’s death, she finished his Dictionary of Botanical Terms. She is also the author of the first publications in the Vilnius press about the history of education of the deaf and mute, which in 1830 resulted in the publication of a monograph entitled Rys historyczny usiłowań w uczeniu głuchoniemych i zakładów na ten cel przeznaczonych [Historical outline of education for the deaf and mute and the relevant establishments], written on behalf of all Lithuanians waiting for the support and benevolence of Alexandra Romanova, Empress of Russia. Aleksandra Wolfgang’s writing, especially her correspondence, shows the expressive, creative and scientific activity of Stefan Batory University during its closure by the tsar. For Alexandra Wolfgang, the life devoted to science and society was the simplest way to create and develop general good, which was acknowledged and emphasized by her contemporary scientists.
Limits of and Alternatives to Conventional Medicine in the Context of Terminal Illness (e.g., Palliative Care)
Authors: Bastianello Stefania , Cattaneo Daniela Antonella
Published: January 2023

This paper aims at analysing the evolution of palliative care in the international context and their role in the path of care for the patient and the family. Method: born in 1967 by Cicely Saunder, palliative care were aimed at assisting the terminally ill, accommodating both the needs of the patient and the family. Not only to be cured or healed, but to be taken care of. The paper examines the definitions of palliative care provided by the World Helth Organization. We observe that palliative care is not only an effective and timely response to the clinical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the sick person and their family in an advanced and terminal stage, but an integrated care to support specialist treatment in the presence of an advanced disease picture; a space for in-depth study for the sick person and the family so that the sick person can consciously and freely choose the available treatment proposals, their limits and their consequences. A treatment path in which the transparency of the proposals is a condition for building a shared consensus with the patient and adequate communication with the family. Palliative care has acquired its own identity, its own role in the path of care for the patient and the family, pursuing the proportionality of therapeutic options and the support of the patient and the family without discrimination, with equity and equality.
Palliative Care and Physician Assisted Death
Authors: Kőmüves Sándor
Published: January 2023

In the recent decade quite a few countries and regions legalised physician assisted death. While palliative care is already or becoming the standard end of life care in many countries, the increased availability of physician assisted death coupled with the secularisation of hospice in more settings require – where this has not happened yet – a clear response of palliative care specialists to patients’ requests for physician assisted death. The paper analyses the World Health Organisation’s current description of palliative care with a special focus on its prohibition of hastening death. Some palliative care professionals do not agree with the ban on hastening death, and these professionals’ non-conventional interpretation of palliative care actually seems to meet the wishes of some patients.
Anthropos Metron versus Bous Metron? The Significance and Suffering of Animals in Regard to Sacrificial Rituals
Authors: Perliński Dominik
Published: January 2023

Humanity has practised animal sacrifice for the greater part of its history, from the time of the Neolithic Revolution. The ritual forms have varied, depending on the culture. They have also been subject to change, in connection with the development of human understanding and knowledge of animals, which is reflected in the ontological, cultural and moral status assigned to animals in the human world. Sacrificing animals involved not only killing them in a particular way – their treatment was sometimes sophisticated or ‘ritualistic’; often it was simply cruel. Human attitudes towards non-human living beings have also evolved in the context of animal killing and sacrifice. The treatment of animals reveals a great deal about human beings – in terms of their culture, beliefs, and morals. The article outlines this issue in a historical manner, referring to the practices adopted in selected cultural circles (in the Mediterranean Basin): ancient Mesopotamia and Greece, as well as in Judaism and Islam. The key findings of researchers are presented, along with the evaluations of philosophers, ethicists and anthropologists.
Why Is Plato’s Good Good?
Authors: Nathan Aidan R.
Published: January 2023

The form of the Good in Plato’s Phaedo and Republic seems, by our standards, to do too much: it is presented as the metaphysical princi­ple, the epistemological principle and the principle of ethics. Yet this seemingly chimerical object makes good sense in the broader context of Plato’s philosophical project. He sought certain knowledge of neces­sary truths (in sharp contrast to the contingent truth of modern science). Thus, to be knowable the cosmos must be informed by timeless princi­ples; and this leads to teleology and the Good. The form of the Good, it is argued, is what makes the world knowable insofar as it is knowable. This interpretation plugs a significant gap in the scholarship on the Good and draws attention to a deep connection between Plato’s episte­mology and his teleological understanding of the cosmos.
The Case for a European Credit Council: Historical and Constitutional Fine-Tuning
Authors: van ’t Klooster Jens
Published: January 2023

Eric Monnet’s European Credit Council (ECC) is an innovative, historically-grounded institutional proposal for supporting the ECB in the design of its monetary policy operations. In this commentary, I seek to strengthen the case for the European Credit Council drawing on work in progress on the history of the ECB. I first discuss the tradition of moderate interventionism as it appears in Monnet’s (Monnet, E. (2018). Controlling credit: Central banking and the planned economy in Postwar France, 1948–1973. Cambridge University Press) study Controlling Credit. I show that the model of moderate interventionism was well-known to the drafters of the ECB statutes and efforts to categorically rule such policies out were simply unsuccessful. I suggest that this fortuitous choice has left ample legal space in the EU treaties for an ECC.
Challenge in hyponatremic patients – the potential of a laboratory-based decision support system for hyponatremia to improve patient’s safety
Authors: Sicker Tom , Federbusch Martin , Eckelt Felix , Isermann Berend , Fenske Wiebke , Fries Charlotte , Schmidt Maria , Kaiser Thorsten
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients with increased mortality and morbidity. In this study, we evaluated the follow-up diagnostic, the risk of inadequate fast correction and the outcome of patients with profound hyponatremia (pHN), defined as a blood sodium concentration below 120 mmol/L. The aim was to identify a promising approach for a laboratory-based clinical decision support system (CDSS).

Methods

This retrospective study included 378,980 blood sodium measurements of 83,315 cases at a German tertiary care hospital. Hospitalized cases with pHN (n=211) were categorized into two groups by the time needed for a follow-up measurement to be performed (time to control, TTC) as either <12 h (group 1: “TTC≤12 h”, n=118 cases) or >12 h (group 2: “TTC>12 h”, n=93 cases). Length of hospital stay, sodium level at discharge, ward transfers, correction of hyponatremia, and risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) due to inadequate fast correction were evaluated with regard to the TTC of sodium blood concentration.

Results

pHN was detected in 1,050 measurements (0.3%) in 211 cases. Cases, in which follow-up diagnostics took longer (TTC>12 h), achieved a significantly lower sodium correction during their hospitalization (11.2 vs. 16.7 mmol/L, p<0.001), were discharged more frequently in hyponatremic states (<135 mmol/L; 58 (62.4%) vs. 43 (36.4%), p<0.001) and at lower sodium blood levels (131.2 vs. 135.0 mmol/L, p<0.001). Furthermore, for these patients there was a trend toward an increased length of hospital stay (13.1 vs. 8.5 days, p=0.089), as well as an increased risk of inadequate fast correction (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our study shows that less frequent follow-up sodium measurements in pHN are associated with worse outcomes. Patients with a prolonged TTC are at risk of insufficient correction of hyponatremia, reduced sodium values at discharge, and possible overcorrection. Our results suggest that a CDSS that alerts treating physicians when a control time of >12 h is exceeded could improve patient care in the long term. We are initiating a prospective study to investigate the benefits of our self-invented CDSS (www.ampel.care) for patients with pHN.