bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Key Proteins in the RAS Signaling Pathway: Implications for Cancer and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Fadhal Emad
Published: May 2024

The RAS signaling pathway is a crucial cell transduction pathway central to transmitting signals from outside the cell to the cell nucleus and influencing fundamental biological mechanisms like cell growth, division, and specialization. This signaling pathway has recently received much attention in scientific research because of its involvement in various diseases, especially carcinogenesis. Our study identified the significance of crucial proteins in the RAS signaling cascade in cancer development and progression. We found that proteins such as PDGFRB, PDGFB, IGF1, HRAS, HGF, FGF10, and ABL1 are involved in various types of cancer and could serve as potential therapeutic targets. Misregulation of these proteins may result in unregulated cell proliferation and contribute to cancer development and maintenance. The study also emphasizes the importance of oncogenes in cancer development, with RAS being identified as a pivotal oncogene. In addition, the findings indicate several proteins, including PDGFRA, NRAS, HRAS, CSF1R, KIT, MET, ABL1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and KRAS, function as oncogenes and are related to different forms of cancer and diseases. Targeted therapies for these proteins are being investigated in various cancer types, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and bladder cancer. Moreover, we identified NF1 as a critical tumor suppressor gene essential in regulating cellular proliferation. Mutations in the NF1 gene lead to neurofibromatosis category 1. This paper emphasizes the significance of crucial proteins implicated in the RAS signaling pathway in cancer growth and advancement. Understanding the complexity of these proteins and their dysregulation could offer essential insights into the progression of practical treatment approaches that enhance and refine cancer therapies. These findings provide promising avenues for further research and advances in cancer treatment and give us hope for better outcomes in the fight against this challenging disease.
Research on the Impact of Smart City Construction on the Development of Green Economy
Authors: Wu Hongshuang
Published: May 2024

The development of green economy is one of the core essences to realize Chinese path to modernization. Based on China’s provincial panel data from 2011-2021, this paper uses the entropy weight method to measure the smart city construction index, which includes three dimensions: digitalization, intelligence and informatization; Secondly, a benchmark regression model was used to explore the effect of smart city construction on the development of green economy. Furthermore, a mediation effect model and a threshold regression model were constructed to explore the indirect and nonlinear effects of smart city construction on the development of green economy under the constraint variables of energy utilization efficiency and manufacturing intelligence. Finally, research has shown that the construction of smart cities has shown a positive and direct role in the development of green economy, with a gradient decreasing effect of “western>central>eastern”; The construction of smart cities can indirectly enhance the development of green economy in the region by improving energy utilization efficiency; Based on the characteristics of regional heterogeneity, the construction of smart cities has different threshold effects on the development of regional green economy. When the level of manufacturing intelligence is lower than the threshold value, the construction of smart cities can have a more favorable and positive impact. During the strategic intersection period between smart city construction and the “dual carbon” goal, this article provides scientific basis and theoretical reference for achieving Chinese style green modernization.
To the World of Smells and Sounds in Chingiz Aitmatovs Novel Doomsday
Authors: Kizi Abdusalamova Lobar Akbar
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The details described in the text of the novel "Doomsday", created in the final fourth stage of Chingiz Aytmatov's work, are not only visible, but also can be smelt, felt, and listened to. In the poetics of this novel, the role and importance of odorisms and phonological details, elevated to the level of ideological and artistic pathos of the text, is great. In this novel there are problems that are raised and solved in an emotionally impressive way, illuminated with great artistic power
Lexicon of Samarkand and Sariasian Tajiks and their Comparative Analysis
Authors: Khairulloevna Shukurova Aziza
Published: May 2024

Annotation: By studying historical, social, and ethnographic linguistics, the history, customs, traditions, cultural heritage, and national values of each nation are enriched. The study of dialects and dialects is based on the achievements of ethnography, history, archeology, and folklore. The lexicon of local dialects is inextricably linked with the life and history of the people, and the vocabulary of the living language of any people and nation is closely related to its history. The object of study is one of the oldest regions of the Tajiks, and ancient elements of the Tajik language have taken their place in the dialect of this region. From a practical point of view, the research results can be used as material for the creation of theoretical and practical teaching-methodical manuals for the study of the Uzbek and Tajik languages, bilingualism, their role in the development of interlinguistic relations, lexicology, and dialectology.
Spectrum of Chronic Gastritis Based on Morphological Examination of Gastric Biopsies
Authors: Tertychnyy А. S. , Lapina Т. L. , Nagornaya D. Р. , Pachuashvili N. V. , Kiryukhin А. Р. , Fedorenko А. А. , Pavlov Р. V. , Protsenko D. D. , Ivashkin V. Т.
Published: May 2024

Aim: in the retrospective study to assess the frequency of various gastritis variants based on the results of morphological examination of gastric biopsies over a 5-year observation period.

Methods. The study included 3162 individuals who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy collection between 2017 and 2022. Pathological examination of biopsies was conducted using the updated Sydney system, determining the histological variant and, when possible, the etiology of gastritis. In some cases, chronic gastritis was assessed using the OLGA/OLGIM system.

Results. The most frequently diagnosed type was active H. pylori-associated gastritis (36.7 %), followed by chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia in cases where H. pylori infection was not detected (28.4 %), including immunohistochemical examination, classified as gastritis after successful H. pylori eradication. Atrophic forms of chronic gastritis constituted 34.8 %. Minimal or mild changes close to normal histological characteristics were оbserved in 19.2 % of patients. Reactive gastropathy was present in 7.6 % of cases. Autoimmune gastritis ranked fourth in frequency, with a relatively high percentage of observations (8.6 %).

Conclusion. According to the analysis of gastric biopsies in the Russian population, a high frequency of H. pylori-associated gastritis was observed, and autoimmune gastritis is not uncommon. The high prevalence of atrophic gastritis emphasizes the importance of dynamic patient monitoring within cancer prevention programs.
Whipple's Disease in a 61-Year-Old Patient. Clinical Follow-Up
Authors: Simonova Zh. G. , Pestereva О. V. , Dyakonov D. A. , Karepanov М. А. , Ralnikova М. S.
Published: May 2024

Aim: to present a clinical observation of a patient with Whipple's disease, demonstrating the difficulties in diagnosing the disease.

Key points. A clinical observation of Whipple's disease in a 61-year-old man is described. The onset of the disease was manifested as polyarthritis three years before diagnosis. The further course of the disease occurred during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which made the diagnostic search difficult. Clinical manifestations of fever, arthralgias, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy, anaemia and weight loss raised suspicion of Whipple's disease. Key to the diagnosis were endoscopic studies with multiple small bowel biopsies, which allowed histological identification of PAS-positive macrophages in the small bowel mucosa. Therapy with ceftriaxone for 14 days, therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg twice a day) for 14 months resulted in positive clinical dynamics, improvement of laboratory parameters, disappearance of PAS-positive macrophages in the small intestinal mucosa, indicating remission of the disease.
MANIFESTASI EMOSI MELALUI METAFORA API: SATU REPRESENTASI PEMIKIRAN MELAYU EMOTION MANIFESTATION THROUGH THE METAPHOR OF FIRE: A REPRESENTATION OF MALAY THOUGHT
Authors: Muhammad Arif Nor Hafuza , Osman Maizura , Hassan Hasmidar
Published: May 2024

Metafora merupakan satu bentuk gaya bahasa yang digunakan atas tujuan-tujuan yang tertentu. Keupayaan individu mengasosiasikan alam sekeliling ke dalam penulisan atau pertuturan mereka dapat memanifestasikan emosi individu tersebut. Oleh sebab ungkapan bermetafora mempunyai maksud tersiratnya, maka kajian ini dijalankan bagi menginterpretasi maksud tersirat yang terkandung dalam metafora api yang merepresentasikan emosi orang Melayu dalam penulisan mereka. Apabila maksud yang diimplikasikan oleh ungkapan bermetafora itu dapat dicungkil, jenis-jenis emosi dan klasifikasi nilai linguistik yang dimanifestasikan oleh ungkapan bermetafora itu juga dapat diperincikan. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif deskriptif dengan memanfaatkan data yang dijana daripada pangkalan data Korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP). Bagi mencungkil maksud implisit tersebut, Teori Hibrid yang digagaskan oleh Tendahl (2009) dan diperkemas oleh Stöver (2010) yang dinamai Model Hibrid Baharu diterapkan. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa orang Melayu begitu cenderung menggunakan api sebagai satu simbol untuk memanifestasikan emosi marah dibandingkan dengan emosi-emosi yang lain kerana kuat dipengaruhi oleh pegangan agama dan budaya. Hal ini sekali gus menunjukkan bahawa api lebih banyak digunakan dalam konteks yang negatif dalam ruang lingkup Melayu. Makalah ini juga memberikan pengetahuan tentang pengoperasian Model Proses Tiga Serangkai dengan lebih terperinci. Maka, kajian sebegini perlu dikembangkan lagi dengan meneliti penggunaan simbol ‘api’ dalam bahasa dan budaya yang berbeza yang pastinya akan memberikan dapatan yang lebih variasi. Kata kunci: api; emosi; metafora; Model Hibrid Baharu; pemikiran Melayu
Identification and Accommodation of ADHD in Family Medicine Residencies: A CERA Study
Authors: Haymaker Christopher M. , Cadick Amber , Bane Cynthia M. , Percifield Christopher S. , McGuire Nicole , VanDerKolk Kristi
Published: May 2024

Background: An increasing number of medical students applying to residency programs request accommodations for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Early implementation of accommodations for individuals with ADHD during family medicine (FM) residency could help learners and programs, but the number of programs prepared to invite learners to disclose ADHD and to implement accommodations is unclear.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe practices employed by FM residency programs to identify residents who need accommodations for ADHD. We also chose to examine the frequency with which basic categories of ADHD accommodations are used and whether review of technical standards (ie, resident job description) is associated with timing of accommodations.
Methods: We analyzed responses from the 2022 Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) national survey of FM residency program directors, which was distributed via email invitation to all US programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. A total of 298 program directors (44.3%) responded.
Results: Approximately one in six FM residency programs are proactive in their identification of learners with ADHD, typically recognizing the need for accommodations during the interview process or orientation. Once the need is identified, most programs implement accommodations within 1 month, and many employ multiple types of accommodations.
Conclusions: While a small subset of programs has developed processes to identify and accommodate ADHD proactively, results suggested that the majority of programs approach accommodation processes on an ad hoc basis. In turn, ad hoc identification precludes a proactive approach, given use of poor performance to identify the need for supports.
Potential impact of climate change on the distribution of Capricornis milneedwardsii, a vulnerable mammal in China
Authors: Wei Li , Zhao Jiale , Shao Weiwei , Li Yalei , Chen Haozhan , Lin Zhihua
Published: May 2024

Climate change significantly impacted on the survival, development,
distribution, and abundance of living organisms. The Chinese serow
Capricornis milneedwardsii, known as the ‘four unlike’, is a Class II
nationally protected species in China. In this study, we predicted the
geographical suitability of C. milneedwardsii under current and future
climatic conditions using MaxEnt. The model simulations resulted in area
under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values above 0.9
for both current and future climate scenarios, indicating the excellent
performance, high accuracy, and credibility of the MaxEnt model. The
results also showed that annual precipitation (Bio12), slope, elevation,
and mean temperature of wettest quarter (Bio8) were the key
environmental variables affecting the distribution of C. milneedwardsii,
with contributions of 31.2%, 26.4%, 11%, and 10.3%, respectively.
The moderately and highly suitable habitats were mainly located in the
moist area of China, with a total area of 34.56×104 and 16.61×104 km2,
respectively. Under future climate change scenarios, the areas of
suitability of C. milneedwardsii showed an increasing trend. The
geometric center of the total suitable habitats of C. milneedwardsii
would show the trend of northwest expansion and southeast contraction.
These findings could provide a theoretical reference for the protection
of C. milneedwardsii in the future.
H2A.Z regulates both the TOR and PKA signal pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Chowdhury Samit B. , Geesaman Olivia , Oley Emma M. , Watts Brianna L. , Ford Emily , Galliher Kaitlyn , Larkins Emily , Misner Elizabeth F. , Nattress Taylor , Tepes Grace , Parra Michael
Published: May 2024

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the histone H2A variant H2A.Z
replaces H2A in about 10% of nucleosomes. H2A.Z is involved in all
DNA-templated processes including transcriptional regulation. H2A.Z is
found in nucleosomes flanking the nucleosome free region of promoters.
While deletion of HTZ1 in S. cerevisiae leads to rapamycin
sensitivity, the molecular mechanism behind this sensitivity is not well
understood. Here we show that rapamycin sensitivity is yeast
strain-specific. When treated with rapamycin, the htz1D strain is
unable to properly express several genes found in Target Of Rapamycin
protein complexes as well as genes whose expression are critical for
amino acid uptake by yeast, including GAP1 and GTR1. We
also find an epistatic relationship between HTZ1 and GTR1
(whose protein product is a member of the exit from rapamycin-induced
growth arrest complex and a GTPase that is required for the proper
activation of the Tor1 kinase. Although GTR1 is normally
upregulated in the presence of rapamycin, overexpression of GTR1
does not rescue the sensitivity phenotype seen in the htz1D
strain. Additionally, the phosphorylation of downstream targets of the
protein kinase A is affected in the htz1D strain. Gene expression
defects, coupled with disrupted protein kinase A signaling pathway
combine to make the htz1D strain sensitive to rapamycin. Our
study has identified a novel role for histone H2A.Z in regulating both
the TOR and PKA signal pathways.
Method of estimating sea-surface paleotemperatures through biotic proxies: A case study in Upper Paleozoic paleoclimatic, paleogeographic and paleotectonic reconstructions of Siberia
Authors: Davydov Vladimir , Karasev Evgeny , Popova Elizaveta , Poletaev Vladislav
Published: May 2024

1. This study introduces a novel approach for quantitatively assessing
sea-surface paleotemperatures exemplified in the study of the Upper
Paleozoic of Siberia. 2. The method relies on the evaluation of the
taxonomic composition of biota. It utilizes a comprehensive dataset
encompassing the geographic distribution and ecology of various biotic
groups in Siberia and adjacent regions, leveraging the newly developed
PaleoSib database. Fossils collected from individual locations often
exhibit a wide spectrum of paleotemperatures. 3. To address this
variability, we developed an algorithm for calculating average biotic
paleotemperatures in each locality/time slice. Utilizing the PaleoSib
database, our computations have unveiled a coherent pattern of
paleoclimate dynamics, particularly Sea Surface Temperature, across
Siberian basins during the Late Paleozoic era. 4. These findings
significantly contribute to a refined comprehension of paleoclimate and
paleotectonic dynamics in the region during that specific time. To
enhance paleotemperature analyses, we have integrated lithological
indices with biotic ones, fortifying the overall methodology and
furnishing a more robust framework for interpreting paleoclimate data.
We aim to incorporate this method into the Paleobiology Database,
enhancing its accessibility and fostering its adoption by the broader
scientific community.
Characterization of a Polyphenol-Oxidase and Lipase Produced by Microorganisms Isolated from Palm Oil Sludge.
Authors: Bénédicte, Dre AKA Zranseu Ella Bénédicte, , Lokesh Dhanashree , CV Shilja , Kammara Rajagopal
Published: May 2024

In the current study, the waste-to-wealth concept has been applied. We
were focused on using waste palm oil sludge to isolate and characterize
various microorganisms that produce various industrial significant
enzymes, such as polyphenol oxidases. We were able to isolate several
bacteria that were discovered to be tyrosinase producers: Bacillus
cereus, Acinobacter seifertii, Klebsiella variicola, and Pseudomonas
stutzeri. Laccase producers Trametes polyzona, Bacillus subtilis,
Bacillus pumilus, and Staphylococcus condimenti, as well as lipase
producers. After they were grown for 18 hours at 35°C, pH 6.0, with
substrates of 0.1% casein and 2.0% glucose, it was confirmed that they
produce industrially important enzymes. Further, we focused specifically
on B. cereus because it was evident that it produces tyrosinase. Lipase
is another targeted enzyme, and S. condimenti was discovered to be a
hyperproducer. The production conditions included are 24-hour incubation
period at 40°C and pH 6.0, while typical substrates like starch and
coconut oil were employed. 43 kDa-identified lipase that was found to be
active at pH 7.0 and 40°C. Salts like NaCl, different detergents like
Triton X-100, and Tween-80, and many metal ions all enhanced the
activity, making the enzyme unique in its biological function. Only 40%
inhibition has been seen, even with EDTA (2.5 mM), which does not
completely block its function. Very few organic solvents such as
butanol, acetone, and DMF are involved in inhibiting its activity.
Structural and Functional Left Atrial Remodelling in Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis; Combined Three-Dimensional and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Study
Authors: Abdelgawad Hoda , D Dufatanye , Shehata Mahmoud , Waheed * , Shabaan Noha , Rizk Judy , Abayazeed Rasha , Dawood Moustafa , Abdel-Hay Mohamed , Zaki Amr
Published: May 2024

Aims LA functions assessment using 2D speckle tracking
echocardiography and 3D transthoracic echocardiography in
moderate-severe mitral valve stenosis in comparison to normal subjects.
Methods and results Fifty patients and 50 controls were
studied. Patients’ mean age was 40.2 ±8.8 years, the majority were
female 45(81.8%), the mean body surface area was 1.81 ± 0.16 m2. 3D LA
maximum (LAVmaxI) and minimum (LAVminI) volumes indexed to BSA were both
significantly higher in MS than in control group, whereas 3D LA EF was
significantly lower in MS than in control group, both with p 0.001.LA
strain reservoir, conduit, and contraction parameters were significantly
lower in the MS group than in control group (p =0.001). All LA
assessment parameters (3D LAVmaxI, 3D LAVminI, 3D LAEF, 2D LASr, 2D
LAScd, 2D LASct, 2D LAD, 2D LAVI) correlated with each other (p
<0.01). However, only 3D LAEF, 2D LASr, 2D LAScd, and 2D LASct
showed correlation with the mitral valve area with p <0.05,
but 3D LAVmaxI and 3D LAVminI did not. Additionally, in comparison of
moderate and severe MS subgroups, 3D LAVmaxI and 3D LAVminI did not show
any statistically significant differences between the two groups,
although 3D LAEF, 2D LASr, 2D LAScd, and 3D LASct showed significant
difference between the two group( p<0.05).
Conclusions Comprehensive LA assessment is of clinical
significance for its predictive and prognostic value in mitral stenosis.
In addition, LA function assessment by 3D echocardiography and 2D
speckle tracking echocardiography correlate better with MS severity than
conventional LA size parameters.
Multiple solute binding proteins for gamma-aminobutyrate and 5-aminovalerate in Pseudomonas aeruginosa : assessment of their potential role in sensor kinase activation
Authors: Vargas Jean Paul Cerna , Krell Tino
Published: May 2024

The canonical mode of receptor activation consists in the binding of
signals or signal-loaded solute binding proteins (SBPs) to sensor
domains. Many sensor histidine kinases (SHK), that are activated by SBP
binding, are encoded next to their cognate sbp gene. To assess to what
degree this is a general rule, we studied three SBPs of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa PAO1 that are encoded in the vicinity of genes encoding the
AgtS (PA0600) and AruS (PA4982) SHKs. Ligand screening using compound
libraries and microcalorimetric studies showed that the SPBs PA0602 and
PA4985 both bound preferentially GABA (KD=2.3 and 0.58 microM,
respectively), followed by 5-aminovalerate (KD=30 and 1.6 microM,
respectively) and ethanoldiamine (KD=2.3 and 0.58 microM, respectively),
whereas AgtB (PA0604) recognized exclusively 5-aminovaleric acid (KD=2.9
microM). However, microcalorimetric titrations of the AgtS sensor domain
with AgtB or PA0602 in the absence or presence of ligands did not reveal
binding. By analogy, bacterial two-hybrid assays failed to show an
interaction of PA4985 with the AruS-sensor domain. Vicinal sbp and shk
genes are thus not always functionally linked. We previously identified
PA0222 as a GABA-specific SBP. The existence of three SBPs for GABA may
be related to the role of GABA as an inducer of P. aeruginosa virulence.
Optimal leading follicle size for final oocyte maturation in POSEIDON group 3 and 4 poor responders undergoing assisted reproductive technology cycles.
Authors: Akgün Nilüfer , Şükür Yavuz Emre , Aslan Batuhan , Kaplan Necati Berk , Acun Onur Alp , Özmen Batuhan , Sönmezer Murat , Berker Bülent , Atabekoğlu Cem Somer , Aytaç Ruşen
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the optimal leading follicle size for
triggering final oocyte maturation in POSEIDON groups 3 and 4 poor
responders undergoing ART cycles. Design: Retrospective cohort
study. Setting: University based Infertility Centre.
Population: Data of 294 POSEIDON groups 3 and 4 poor responders
aged between 20 and 42 years who underwent ICSI following a GnRH
antagonist cycle between January 2015 and July 2021 were reviewed.
Methods: Among the 342 patients eligible in our database, 294
fulfilling inclusion criteria were assessed for final analyses. Cycles
were categorized into two groups according to occurrence of premature
ovulation. Premature ovulation was defined as visualization of rupture
of at least one of the leading follicles on the day of oocyte retrieval.
In addition, number of oocytes retrieved, number of MII oocytes,
MII/antral follicle count (AFC) ratio and follicle-oocyte index (FOI)
were compared between different leading follicle sizes. Main
Outcome Measures: Number of oocytes retrieved, number of MII oocytes,
MII/antral follicle count (AFC) ratio and follicle-oocyte index (FOI).
Results: Among all, 47 (16.2%) had premature ovulation between
the trigger and oocyte pick-up days. The mean size of the leading
follicle on the day of trigger was significantly higher in the premature
ovulation group than the controls (19.8±2.4 mm vs.18.7±2 mm,
respectively; P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression
analyses identified baseline LH (Odds ratio {OR} 1.144, 95%
confidence interval {CI} 1.052-1.243; P=0.002), number of follicles
>11 mm on the day of trigger (OR 0.580, 95% CI
0.438-0.767; P<0.001), and leading follicle size (OR 1.361,
95% CI 1.130-1.641; P=0.001) as independent predictors of premature
ovulation. According to the one-way ANOVA test and non-linear curve
estimation model the FOI and MII/AFC ratios peaked when the leading
follicle size was between 16-17 mm, respectively. Conclusion:
Individualized trigger based on leading follicle size can provide
maximum efficiency in ovarian stimulation in POSEIDON expected poor
responders. While late trigger may result in premature ovulation, early
trigger may also result in less MII. Triggering when the leading
follicle size is between 16.5 and 17 mm can help to prevent these
negative outcomes and achieve optimal cycle outcome.
Effect of Organic Fertilizer Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Microbial Communities in Paddy Fields
Authors: Song Weifeng , Liu Zengbing , Zhang Wenxue , Gan Shurong , Xiong Li , Wu Xiaoliang , Yuan Fusheng , Li Mingcong , Gao Zheng , Shu Aiping , Shi Wenchong
Published: May 2024

Microorganisms play an important role in soil ecosystems, especially in
commercial rice paddy fields. However, it is not understood how organic
fertilizers affect microbial communities in these fields. In this study,
we used different long-term fertilization treatments (i.e., no
fertilizer, chemical fertilization, and 25% - 100% organic fertilizer)
to investigate their effects on soil fungal and archaeal communities,
rice yield, and soil physicochemical properties, and the interactions of
these indicators. The results showed that the organic replacement
treatments had a significant effect on the assembly of soil microbial
communities in rice fields, while different microbial taxa showed
different response patterns to the organic replacement treatments.
Species composition and community assembly process of fungal community
were more sensitive to the response of organic replacement treatment,
and alpha diversity of archaeal community was more sensitive to the
response of organic replacement treatment. OM, HN, Phosphatase, and TP
were the common soil indicators significantly associated with the three
microbial groups, among which OM was the most influential indicator in
this study. A total of 18 biomarkers were obtained by difference
analysis, distributed in Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota.
In addition, we obtained the keystones in the community through network
analysis and found that the organic replacement treatments affected the
microbial keystones by altering the soil HN and OM content, which in
turn led to the alteration of the soil microbial community. This study
provides new insights into the effects of different fertilization
regimes on soil bacterial, fungal and archaeal communities, and also
provides a theoretical basis for rational and balanced fertilization in
agricultural production.
Preliminary insights of the genetic diversity and invasion pathways of Cedrela odorata in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
Authors: Albuja-Quintana Martina , Rivas-Torres Gonzalo , López Karla Rojas , Asadobay Pacarina , Cuenca Walter Palacios , Vinueza Génesis , Torres Maria
Published: May 2024

Cedrela odorata is considered the second most invasive tree species of
the Galapagos Islands. Although it is listed in CITES Appendix II and
there are population losses in mainland Ecuador, in Galapagos it is
paradoxically a species of concern due to its invasive potential.
Genetic studies can shed light on the invasion history of introduced
species causing effects on unique ecosystems like the Galapagos. We
analyzed nine microsatellite markers in C. odorata individuals from
Galapagos and mainland Ecuador to describe the genetic diversity and
population structure of C. odorata in the Galapagos and to explore the
origin and invasion history of this species. The genetic diversity found
for C. odorata in Galapagos (He = 0.55) was lower than reported in the
mainland (He = 0.81), but higher than other invasive insular plant
species, which could indicate multiple introductions. Our results
suggest that Ecuador’s northern Coastal region is the most likely origin
of the Galapagos C. odorata, although further genomic studies are needed
to confirm this finding. Moreover, according to our proposed pathway
scenarios, C. odorata was first introduced to San Cristobal and/or Santa
Cruz from mainland Ecuador. After these initial introductions, C.
odorata appears to have arrived to Isabela and Floreana from either San
Cristobal or Santa Cruz. Here, we report the first genetic study of C.
odorata in the Galapagos and the first attempt to unravel the invasion
history of this species. The information obtained in this research could
support management and control strategies to lessen the impact that C.
odorata has on the islands’ local flora and fauna.
Gamma spectrometry data suggest opportunities for mineral research in Alagoas, Brazil
Authors: Sampaio Mariana Rosário Conceição , Dutra Alanna Costa , Flores Onofre Hermenigildo Damião Jorge
Published: May 2024

This article presents the processing and quantitative interpretation outcomes of aero-gamma-spectrometric data within six regions renowned for copper and iron occurrences in Alagoas State, Brazil, situated within the geological framework of the Sergipan Orogen. The study primarily focuses on radioelement concen-tration data and its derived relationships, encompassing the creation of a ternary map and the utilization of targeting techniques to identify radiometric anomalies, such as potassium and anomalous uranium, along with the Factor F. These relationships enable the identification of behaviors associated with distinct geological models of mineralization, establishing connections between geophysical anomalies and well-known mineral occurrences. By integrating concentration information of radioelements K, Th, and U, in conjunction with geological data and existing mineralizations, the radiometric distributions of the region are thoroughly scrutinized. Radiomet-ric ratios and ternary maps serve to facilitate the identification of enrichment centers for target minerals and the observation of desirable radiometric signatures. Hydrothermal enrichment enhancement techniques unveil a more pronounced correlation between copper targets and potassium (K) anomalies, whereas iron targets ex-hibit a relationship with uranium (U) enrichment. A ternary map, amalgamating anomalous potassium, K/Th ratio, and Factor F, aids in the identification of hydrothermal alterations. Magnetic maps emphasize anomalies near significant indications, accentuating structurally advantageous contours for hydrothermal enrichment and contacts with magnetic minerals associated with iron deposits. Future exploration endeavors should accord pri-ority to these selected areas to unveil their mineral potential. Furthermore, the findings from this study offer valuable insights into the radiometric characteristics and their associations with ore deposits, thereby guiding investigations in other mineral-rich regions, always considering local geology as a vital initial datum.
Some approximation results on Chlodowsky type q−Bernstein-Schurer operators
Authors: Aslan Reşat , Mursaleen M.
Published: May 2024

The main concern of this article is to obtain several approximation features
of the new Chlodowsky type q-Bernstein-Schurer operators. We prove the
Korovkin type approximation theorem and discuss the order of convergence
with regard to the ordinary modulus of continuity, an element of Lipschitz
type and Peetre?s K-functional, respectively. In addition, we derive the
Voronovskaya type asymptotic theorem. Finally, using of Maple software, we
present the comparison of the convergence of Chlodowsky type
q-Bernstein-Schurer operators to the certain functions with some graphical
illustrations and error estimation tables.
On characteristic functions of generalized resolvents generated by integral equations with operator measures
Authors: Bruk Vladislav
Published: May 2024

We consider a symmetric minimal relation L0 generated by an integral equation
with operators measures. We describe the generalized resolvents of L0 using
the characteristic function M(?) (? ? C), i.e., a function that has the
property (Im?)?1ImM(?) ? 0. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition
for a holomorphic function M(?) to be a characteristic function of a
generalized resolvent. We give a detailed example of finding the
characteristic function.
Bounded approximate version of module character contractibility of Banach algebras
Authors: Ettefagh Mina
Published: May 2024

The (bounded) approximate version of module character contractibility of
Banach algebras is introduced and studied. This new concept is characterized
by several different concepts such as bounded approximate module character
diagonals. Moreover, this new concept is investigated for second dual,
unitization, tensor product and lp-direct sums of Banach algebras.
Extension of the generalized n-strong Drazin inverse
Authors: Mosic Dijana , Zou Honglin , Wang Long
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to present an extension of the generalized n-strong
Drazin inverse for Banach algebra elements using a g-Drazin invertible
element rather than a quasinilpotent element in the definition of the
generalized n-strong Drazin inverse. Thus, we introduce a new class of
generalized inverses which is a wider class than the classes of the
generalized n-strong Drazin inverse and the extended generalized strong
Drazin inverses. We prove a number of characterizations for this new inverse
and some of them are based on idempotents and tripotents. Several
generalizations of Cline?s formula are investigated for the extension of the
generalized n-strong Drazin inverse.
The Bishop’s property (β) for class A operators
Authors: Uchiyama Atsushi , Tanahashi Kotaro
Published: May 2024

We say that an operator T on a Hilbert space H has the Bishop?s property (?)
if for an arbitrary open set U ? C and analytic functions fn : U ? H with
?(T ? z) fn(z)? converges to 0 uniformly on every compact subset of U as n ?
?then ? fn? converges to 0 uniformly on every compact subset ofU as n ? ?.
An operator T on H is called to be hyponormal if T*T ? TT*, and T is called
to be class A if T*T ? |T2|. In this papaer, we give an elementary proof of
the assertion that every hyponormal operator has the Bishop?s property (?).
And we show that every class A operator has the Bishop?s property (?).
Moreover, we also show a class A operator T is similar to a hyponormal
operator if T is invertible, and hence T has the growth condition (G1).
Nonautonomous impulsive differential equations of alternately advanced and retarded type
Authors: Chiu Kuo-Shou , Sepúlveda Isabel
Published: May 2024

A variation of parameters formula and Gronwall type integral inequality are
proved for an impulsive differential equation involving piecewise
alternately advanced and retarded argument. At the same time, we study its
oscillation and asymptotic stability properties. Our results are new, extend
and improve earlier ones. Several numerical examples and simulations are
also given to show the feasibility of our results.
Certain aspects of rough I-statistical convergence in probabilistic n-normed space
Authors: Tripathy Binod , Kişi Ömer , Gürdal Mehmet
Published: May 2024

The main aim of this investigation is to introduce rough I-statistical
convergence in probabilistic n-normed spaces (briefly Pr-n-spaces). We
establish some results on roughI-statistical convergence and also we
introduce the notion of rough I-statistical limit set in Pr-n-spaces and
discuss some topological aspects on this set. Moreover, we define rough
I-lacunary statistical convergent, rough lacunary I-convergent, rough
lacunary I-Cauchy and rough lacunary I?-convergent sequences in Pr-n-spaces.
We obtain several significant results related to these notions.
Characterizations of weakly star-type Rothberger and Menger properties in hyperspaces
Authors: Cruz-Castillo Ricardo , Ramírez-Páramo Alejandro , Tenorio Jesús
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we introduce the selection principles wSS* 1(??(?),C?(?)),
wSS* fin(??(?),C?(?)), wS* 1(??(?),C?(?)) and wS* fin(??(?),C?(?)) to
characterize the properties of weakly strong-star Rothberger (Menger) and
weakly star-Rothberger (Menger) in the hyperspace (?, ?+ ?), respectively.
Furthermore, we introduce the notions H(C?(?)) and Ifin(C?(?),C?(?)) to
characterize, respectively, the H-separability and the principle Ufin(D,D),
in the same hyperspace.
Toward a Level Playing Field: An Analysis of the Language and Transparency of IT Risk
Authors: Binkley Marcy R. , Arthur Jacob
Published: May 2024

We employ both manual and automated content analysis to update an existing dictionary (Boritz, Hayes, and Lim 2013) used to classify types of information technology weakness (ITW). Through analysis of auditors’ reports on internal control filed under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act from 2011 through 2020, we provide a robust tool for textual analytics. Additionally, we apply OpenAI’s large-language model neural networks for classification as a comparison point. We expand identification of ITW categories such as Design, Security, and Outsourcing and identify Governance as a critical new category in auditor reporting. We further expand the dictionary, capturing categories of IT risk found within current IT control frameworks (e.g., COBIT and AICPA TSCs), which we compare with content of auditor reporting. Evidence suggests stakeholders are subject to significant information asymmetry in assessing and reporting IT risk. We provide direction for future IT governance and improve application of advanced textual analysis.
The Future of National Culture in Accounting Research
Authors: Salter Stephen B. , Duong Hong Kim , Gupta Gaurav
Published: May 2024

A society’s culture affects its behavior and values. This study explores the role of national culture in accounting research. It starts by updating the work of G. Hofstede, G. J. Hofstede, and Minkov (2020), including several new measures of culture discussed by Minkov (2018) and Minkov and Kaasa (2022). As previously found, national culture dimensions are tied to accounting values and systems differently (Gray 1988; Doupnik and Tsakoumis 2004). This paper begins with a review of what national culture is, how it relates to accounting values and systems in individual countries, and how it has affected questions of interest to accounting researchers in the last decade. We then provide research questions that need to be answered by accounting researchers.

Data Availability: The data used in this study are publicly available from the sources indicated in the text.

JEL Classifications: E16; F23; M00; M14; M40; M41; M42; M49.
An in vitro evaluation of endodontic sealers and an antibiotic to assess their antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Madla-Cruz Elizabeth , Villanueva-Pérez Vanascheck Dasaev , De la Garza-Ramos Myriam A. , Flores-Treviño Jorge Jaime , Rodríguez-Delgado Idalia , López-Martinez Fanny
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of three endodontic sealers (AH Plus, Mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] Fillapex, and BioRoot RCS) with and without amoxicillin against E. faecalis. 
MethodologyAmoxicillin, equivalent to 10% of the sealers’ total weight, was mixed with the sealers. Another batch was prepared without amoxicillin. The direct contact test (DCT) and the agar diffusion test were used to assess the antibacterial effect. Results were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the F-test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. 
ResultsAH Plus significantly suppressed E. faecalis without the addition of amoxicillin in the DCT (p = 0.011), while in the agar diffusion test, BioRoot RCS had a larger inhibition zone than the control (p < 0.001). When amoxicillin was added to the sealers, AH Plus (p = 0.003) and MTA Fillapex (p = 0.042) reduced E. faecalis growth. In contrast, all three sealers showed larger inhibition zones than the control (p = 0.001), with AH Plus displaying a larger inhibition zone than MTA Fillapex (p = 0.042) and BioRoot RCS (p = 0.032). 
ConclusionsIt was thus concluded that the addition of amoxicillin to endodontic sealers enhances their antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis.
Immunogenomic Exploration of Cutaneous Manifestations and Therapeutic Targets in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Li DO* Vivian
Published: May 2024

This analysis of current literature explores specific immunogenomic signatures underlying cutaneous manifestations in systemic sclerosis (SSc), a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by fibrosis, vasculopathy, and immune dysregulation. By employing integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses of skin biopsies obtained from SSc patients presenting varying degrees of cutaneous involvement, researchers aim to discern dysregulated immune pathways, gene expression signatures, and epigenetic modifications correlated with disease progression and severity. Additionally, investigating the therapeutic potential of immune-modulating agents, including JAK inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, in mitigating skin fibrosis and inflammation in SSc may unlock novel avenues for personalized treatment strategies tailored to the immunogenomic profile of individual patients. Future research should focus on validating identified biomarkers, exploring the mechanistic basis of immunogenomic alterations, and translating these findings into clinical practice to optimize therapeutic outcomes and enhance the management of cutaneous manifestations in SSc.
Harnessing BRCA Advances: Revolutionizing Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Obeagu* Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: May 2024

Advancements in understanding BRCA gene mutations have reshaped breast cancer management, ushering in a new era of precision oncology. This review explores the transformative impact of BRCA research on breast cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies, emphasizing the pivotal role of genetic testing, targeted therapies, and personalized medicine approaches. Harnessing BRCA advances offers unprecedented opportunities for early detection, risk stratification, and tailored treatment modalities, fundamentally altering the landscape of breast cancer care. Central to harnessing BRCA advances is the widespread adoption of genetic testing for BRCA mutations, enabling the identification of individuals at heightened risk of hereditary breast cancer. Genetic testing informs risk stratification and facilitates personalized screening and preventive interventions, including risk-reducing surgeries and enhanced surveillance protocols. Moreover, genetic testing guide’s treatment decisionmaking by identifying candidates for targeted therapies, such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which have demonstrated efficacy in BRCA-mutated breast cancers, offering new avenues for precision medicine in oncology. The integration of targeted therapies tailored to BRCA-related breast cancer subtypes represents a paradigm shift in treatment approaches, providing novel strategies to optimize patient outcomes. PARP inhibitors have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for BRCA-mutated breast cancers, leading to improved progression-free survival and overall survival in metastatic settings. On-going research endeavours aim to elucidate molecular mechanisms of treatment response and resistance, paving the way for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to address unmet clinical needs and further enhance the efficacy of precision oncology in breast cancer management.
International Collaborative Responses to Transnational Cybercrime: how China Strengthen its Capacity to Combat Transnational Cybercrime
Authors: Na Jiang , S Bing
Published: May 2024

The borderless nature of the Internet has greatly facilitated the growth of crime in cyberspace. Cybercrime today has caused huge economic losses worldwide and is violating the right to privacy on a massive scale. The consequences of cybercrime are serious and often occur in different countries and regions. The priority of territorial jurisdiction has been affected by transnational cybercrime., and its convenient application has been lost when the results of the crime are generalized. The basis of subjective territoriality and objective territoriality would be unclear. The abstract cross-border nature of cybercrime has led to frequent conflicts of jurisdiction among States and may even lead to the legal hegemony of cyber-technology powerhouses. The traditional extradition mechanism has gradually failed to respond to the interstate demand to combat transnational cybercrime. In recent years, China has not only introduced strategic policies at the national level to safeguard cybersecurity and combat cybercrime, but has also made progress in criminal legislation, administrative legislation and international cooperation legislation. China has also accumulated experience in police cooperation to combat transnational cybercrime. In order to better cooperate with other countries in international cybercrime , China should actively participate in the formulation of international conventions and regional multilateral agreements on the punishment of cybercrime. It should also further improve its domestic legislation.
Non-Accidental Injury Involving a Neonate
Authors: Raj Ganesh
Published: May 2024

Non-accidental injury (NAI) was brought forward by the investigation and research that was conducted by Ambroise Tardieu, John Caffey and Henry Kempe. Whiplash-shaken infant syndrome and battered child syndrome are the other alternative terms used. NAI is defined as repetitive physical abuse. Marks of injuries such as multiple bruises or abrasions of differing ages and patterns, bite marks, burns and radiological evidence of old bony fractures are valuable indicators in distinguishing nonaccidental from accidental injuries. In addition, birth trauma, bleeding disorders, sepsis, vasculopathy, congenital anomalies, metabolic abnormalities and true accidental injuries must be ruled out beforehand with a meticulous approach when dealing with such deaths. Here, we report a case of a 28-day-old female neonate who was brought in unresponsive by her parents and was pronounced dead at the accident and emergency department. The external examination did not reveal any gross abnormality whereas, the internal examination revealed subgaleal haematoma, subdural and subarachnoid haemorrhage. The microscopic examination revealed retinal haemorrhage. The cause of death was attributed to blunt force trauma to the head. This case is a reminder to all forensic and clinical pathologists that an extremely uncommon manifestation can occur, therefore, a meticulous approach should always be undertaken, before corroborating a cause of death. In conclusion, the findings of the forensic autopsy and histopathology facilitated the investigation and established the cause of death.