English STUDY OF CYTOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF PROSTHETIC BED IN PATIENTS, USED BY DIFFERENT ADHESIVE AGENTS FOR FIXATION OF COMPLETE REMOVABLE PLATE PROSTHESES
Authors: Redushko Yu. V. , Dmytryshyn T. M. 
Published: April 2022

In the dental market of adhesive agents for fixing removable prostheses there are different forms of release: pastes, creams, gels, films, powders of different composition and different manufacturers. In most cases, the choice of one or another means is determined by the patient's own opinion. However, there are researches that indicate a violation of the microflora and the deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the occurrence and development of prosthetic stomatitis in people who use adhesive agents to improve the fixation of removable prostheses. Therefore, in our opinion, it is important to develop recommendations for dentists on the choice of adhesives in accordance with the clinical, cytological and microbiological profiles of the tissues of the prosthetic bed of patients.

Aim. Study the characteristic features of the prosthetic bed mucosa (PBM) according to the results of its cytological identification in persons using different adhesive agents, and on the basis of the obtained results to recommend the criteria for their selection.

Materials and methods. In the clinic of the Department of Dentistry of Postgraduate Education of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 106 smear were obtained from 98 patients who used CRLD for 2-3 years. Among them, 72 people used adhesive pastes to improve fixation (group II): «Corega» adhesive paste was used by 30 people (ІІa); «Lakalut» 20 (ІІb) and «Protefix» 22 people (ІІc). The third group consisted of 26 patients who used complete removable laminar dentures (CRLD) without the use of adhesive agents. In addition, 15 people with intact dentitions without dental and general somatic pathology were examined, in which 30 smear-impressions from the mucous membrane of the upper and lower jaws (group I) were obtained.

Cytological research was performed in the Educational and Scientific Laboratory of Morphological Analysis of IFNMU. Impression smear-impressions stained with «Leikodyf» reagent (manufactured by «Erba Lachema» (Czech Republic)) and hematoxylin and eosin were examined using a Micros Austria MC 300 light microscope at x200 and x400 magnification and photographed with a Toup Cam 5.1 M UHCCD C- Mount Sony with Toup Tek Photonics AMA075 adapter using Toup View 3.7 software.

Results. In the examination of the PBM in patients of these groups it was found that in group II (22) 30.6% had first-made CRLD, and remade - 69.4% (50). In the third group, 30.8% (8) people used CRLD made for the first time, and 69.2% (18) repeatedly. The use of adhesive agents to improve the fixation of CRLD reduces the intensity of the processes of regenerative-plastic insufficiency and polymorphic cell infiltration. Revealed by the predominance of ortho- and parakeratosis in persons who did not use adhesive agents to improve the fixation of the first manufactured CRLD; the phenomenon of increased desquamation of epithelial cells, the presence of cells of other layers of the epithelium in persons who used CRLD made repeatedly. In the smears of patients using «Protefix» and «Lakalut» pastes, a decrease in the intensity of keratinization of epitheliocytes was observed, compared with groups I, IIa, III. In the smears of persons who used the adhesive agents «Corega» noted moderate intensity of keratinization of epitheliocytes, anisocytosis, anisocariasis, pyknosis of the nucleus.

Conclusions. According to the results of cytological identification, adhesive agents «Protefix» and «Lakalut» can be recommended for primary orthopedic treatment and «Corega» for complex clinical conditions in repeated orthopedic treatment of CRLD.