bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combinations of Plant Species for Rotation With Onion Crops: Effects on the Light Fraction, Carbon, and Nitrogen Contents in Granulometric Fractions of the Soil Organic Matter
Authors: Giumbelli Lucas Dupont , Loss Arcângelo , Kurtz Claudinei , Mafra Álvaro Luiz , Piccolo Marisa De Cássia , Torres José Luiz Rodrigues , Lourenzi Cledimar Rogério , Brunetto Gustavo , Comin Jucinei José
Published: December 2020

The conversion of conventional tillage system (CTS) into no-tillage system (NTS) for onion crops with use of soil cover crops increases carbon and nitrogen contents in the soil aggregates. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of combinations of different plant species and soil management systems using rotation with soil cover crops for onion crops on the light organic matter (LOM), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) contents in the organic matter granulometric fractions in soil macroaggregates and bulk soil. A nine-year experiment (2007-2016) was conducted using the treatments (T): maize-onion in NTS (T1); soil cover crops (winter)-onion in NTS(T2); maize-winter grasses-onion in NTS (T3); velvet bean-onion in NTS (T4); millet-soil cover crops (winter)-onion in NTS (T5); velvet bean-rye-onion in NTS (T6); maize-onion in CTS (T7); intercropped soil cover crops (summer)-onion in NTS (T8). C and N contents in the LOM, particulate organic C and N (POC and PON), and mineral- associated C and N (MOC and MON) were evaluated in soil macroaggregates (8.0 to 2.0 mm) and bulk soil (<2.0 mm) from the 0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, and 10–20 cm layers. High diversity and combinations of plant species in T2-T6, and T8 resulted in higher POC and MON contents in aggregates, and higher MOC and PON contents in bulk soil, when compared to T1 and T7. T2 was a better option to increase LOM and POC contents in aggregates (0-5 cm). The evaluation of POC (0–5 cm), PON, and MON (0-10 cm) contents in soil aggregates showed more significant differences between the treatments than the contents found in bulk soil. The onion crops under NTS combined with use of rotations with soil cover crops were more efficient to improve the evaluated soil attributes than those under CTS.
“True of Voice”: Shaw, Florence Farr, and George J. Lee's The Voice
Authors: Paterson Adrian
Published: December 2020

This article investigates the origins of Bernard Shaw's interest in the voice and traces the effects on his work. Conducting a contextual analysis of The Voice (1870), a singer's handbook issued by his surrogate father George J. Lee, it finds its ideas resurfacing throughout Shaw's writing life and describes how Shaw's early attention to what Barthes calls “the grain of the voice” thus became an obsession. Shaw's conception of the voice in practice and his portrayal of communication, presence, and truth are illuminated by dialogue with actress Florence Farr, not only played out in Pygmalion, Caesar and Cleopatra, and Saint Joan, but answered by the ritual vocalizations of Farr's Egyptian plays. Tracing Pygmalion's connection with Lee's musical exhortations allows space, potentially, for Eliza as female vocalist to move from mechanized automaton to the singer's gendered semiautonomy, elucidating nineteenth-century origins of contemporary anxieties around media, gender, and technology.
Bernard Shaw and the Smallpox Epidemic of 1901–2
Authors: Dukore Bernard F.
Published: December 2020

The coronavirus pandemic has renewed the interest of historians and critics in the Black Death, The Decameron, and King Lear. Although Shaw neither wrote about pandemics nor used the word “epidemic” in his plays, he wrote of epidemics in his prefaces, essays, and letters to editors and individuals. Having contracted smallpox, it concerned him personally and as a vestryman of St. Pancras with the smallpox epidemic of 1901–2, which he tried to prevent. Rejecting vaccinations and revaccinations, he allied himself with Florence Nightingale's methods of cleanliness and sanitation, both of which medical experts now urge to help prevent the spread of coronavirus, whose transmission, incubation period, and prevention have similarities to those of smallpox.
Substrate properties, forest structure and climate influences wood-inhabiting fungal diversity in broadleaved and mixed forests from Northeastern Romania
Authors: Copoț Ovidiu , Tănase Cătălin
Published: December 2020

Aim of the study: The main objective of this study was to find the factors which best explains the wood-inhabiting fungal species’ richness in beech and oak-dominated forests.Area of study: We focused on broadleaved and mixed forests found in Northeastern Romania.Materials and methods: 59 plots were randomly set up in broadleaved and mixed forest stands, in which vegetation structure, composition, and topoclimatic factors were quantified along with wood-inhabiting fungal richness. Generalized linear models were used to characterize relationship between fungal diversity and biotic and abiotic factors.Main results: 374 taxa were identified, with numerous species found to cohabitate, the highest sharing being between Fine Woody Debris and Downed Coarse Woody Debris. The best predictors of total diversity were related to the substrate, management, stand structure, and macroclimate. Higher volumes of logs and large branches in various decay stages increased fungal richness. The same effect was found in diverse forests, with large snags. Macroclimate and topoclimate positively influenced diversity, through De Martonne Aridity Index and snow cover length, both indicating macrofungi preferences for higher moisture of substrate. Silvicultural interventions had an ambivalent effect to fungal diversity, phenomenon observed through stump numbers and proportion.Research highlights: Particular environmental characteristics proved significantly important in explaining different wood-inhabiting fungal richness patterns. Substrate-related variables were the most common ones found, but they were closely linked to climate and forest stand variables.Keywords: Wood-inhabiting fungi; oak, beech and coniferous forests; substrate diversity; dead wood types; coarse woody debris; fine woody debris; climatic variables.Abbreviations used:ALT, elevation; ASPI, Aspect Index; BIO1, mean annual temperature; BIO4, temperature seasonality; BIO7, annual temperature range; BIO12, annual precipitation; BIO15, precipitation seasonality; CWD, coarse woody debris; DBH, diameter at breast height; DCWD, downed coarse woody debris; DCWD_DECAY, DCWD decay diversity; DCWD_DIV, DCWD taxonomic diversity; DCWD_SV, surface-volume ratio of DCWD; DCWD_VOL, DCWD volume; DMAI, De Martonne Aridity Index; DMAI_AU, Autumn DMAI; DMAI_SP, Spring DMAI; DMAI_SU, Summer DMAI; DMAI_WI, Winter DMAI; FAI, Forestry Aridity Index; FWD, fine woody debris; L_SNAG_BA, large snag basal area; OLD_BA, basal area of old trees; POI, Positive Openness Index; RAI, Recent Activity Index; SCL, snow cover length; SLOPE, slope; SNAG_N, snag density; STUMP_N, stump density; TPI, Topographic Position Index; TREE_BA, mean basal area of trees; TREE_DIV, tree' Shannon diversity.
The Hard Teacher’s Leadership Coping to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aguayo Chan Jorge Carlos , Espejel López Martha Vanessa , Pinto Loria María de Lourdes , Briceño Efrain Duarte
Published: December 2020

Most teachers in Mexico are not experts on Information and Communication Technologies, some rural areas lack a good internet connectivity or even electricity. This context led us to determine: How can teachers keep the pace of educational leadership? and How they cope their teaching task with the COVID-19 pandemic? The sample included 329 teachers from urban and rural zones, 71.1% female and 28.9% male, with a mean age of 38.8 years, working in public (71.7%) and private (28.3%) schools. A self-evaluation template was used to assess the planning, didactical sequence analysis and evaluation competence from the teachers. Our aim was to sketch a teacher’s leadership competences profile, specifically in these pandemic times. The results showed than 75.7% of the teachers had an internet access between Good and Very good; on the contrary, 78.4% of the teachers considered that most of their students had between “not very good” to “very bad” internet access. Only a few teachers addressed the didactic planning or followed its development and assessment: I have elaborated and shared with the students indicators of achievement from the didactical sequence (32.8%); I have stimulated processes of reflection upon learning through an instrument (22.5%); I have regularly incorporated and used digital tools and Internet (31.9%); at last, I have established and conducted moments of evaluation, self and formative co-evaluation in which the students have been able to make changes based on the feedback received (30.1%). However, teachers are coping with this pandemic time and it may involve a change in educational strategies towards the future.
The development of the modeling of the BHA for directional drilling
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametgaliev I.D. , Agliullin А.K. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Ismakov R.A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Loginova M.E. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Yakhin A.R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the development of technology for directional drilling of oil and gas wells in the perspective of modeling downhole operations. The most significant mathematical models developed by Soviet and foreign scientists in the XX century are listed. An example of calculating the reaction on a bit based on the most widely used method of initial parameters is shown. In the process of a typical calculation of the deflecting force on the bit, it was possible to set the boundary conditions on the bottom hole assembly (BHA) supports in a natural form, using a well-known approach for calculating the deflection of the beam. The obtained results of calculations were applied in the construction of a simulation model for computer simulation based on a virtual program-simulator of the drilling directional wells. The simulating software allowed us to evaluate the effect of the Zenith angle of the well and the rigidity of the oriented layout on the deflecting force on the bit, the deflection of the turbo drill along the length from the bit to the nearest lower point of contact of the well wall.
Development of devices for implementation pulse nonstationary waterflooding
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russia, Gilaev G.G. , Khabibullin M.Ya. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Branch in Oktyabrsky, Russia, Antoniadi D.G. ,   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russia, Khismetov T.V. ,   STC GEOTECHNOKIN LLC, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

To further improve the efficiency of the non-stationary flooding (acceleration of capillary impregnation oil closed pores) at the bottom of injection wells installed devices, creating pulses in the pumped liquid, with a packer. The article deals with a device designed for this purpose. A mathematical model of the device and output expressions to define the basic operating parameters of output. For comparison of theoretical calculations show the results of bench testing device. In view of previous research, the authors of substantiated the effectiveness of such devices for the nonstationary flooding in the system to maintain reservoir pressure. The preliminary positive data on fishing the use of these devices in the fields of NC «Rosneft» in 2015-2016.
EFFECTS OF RESPONSE-REINFORCER RELATIONS ON THE MAINTENANCE OF COORDINATED RESPONDING UNDER SCHEDULES OF SIMULTANEOUS REINFORCEMENT
Authors: de Carvalho Lucas Couto , dos Santos Letícia , Regaço Alceu , de Souza Deisy das Graças
Published: December 2020

The effects of response-reinforcer relations on coordinated responding were investigated. Coordinated responding was defined as two lever presses, one by each rat that occurred within 500 ms of one another. Four conditions were arranged in an ABCB design. Coordinated responding was reinforced according to a fixed-ratio 6 (FR 6) schedule in Condition A. In Condition B, a response by each rat was required, independent of their temporal proximity, to produce water delivery under a variable-interval schedule. Condition C was a replication of Condition B, except that coordinated responding was required for reinforcer deliveries. All conditions involved simultaneous reinforcement, that is the rats received access to reinforcers at the same time. The results extended previous findings by demonstrating the requirement of coordinated responses to produce reinforcement affected both coordinated response rates and the proportion of such responses relative to the total responses in a session, in that both measures were higher in Conditions A and C than in Condition B. There also was control of the temporal distribution of coordinated responding by the type of schedule (FR or VI): A “break-and-run” pattern was observed under the FR schedule, and a constant response rate was observed under the VI schedule.
SHAPING COOPERATIVE RESPONDING: A SYSTEMATIC REPLICATION OF DANIEL (1942).
Authors: Ackerman Amanda L. , Lattal Kennon A.
Published: December 2020

Cooperation between two pigeons was trained in a systematic replication of an earlier study by Daniel (1942) using rats and electric shock avoidance. After both pigeons were trained separately to eat from a food magazine and to stand on a platform located 45 cm from the food magazine, two stimulus lights were added. Different responses of each pigeon were brought under the stimulus control of the lights. In the presence of one light, magazine approach by one of the pigeons was reinforced and in the presence of the other, standing on the platform was reinforced. These functions were reversed for the other pigeon, that is, the light that was the SD for magazine approach for Pigeon A was the SD for the platform response for Pigeon B. When behavior was under stimulus control, the pigeons were placed together in the study space. Across sessions, the lights were removed gradually, transferring stimulus control to the co-actor’s behavior. Thus, the terminal performance was two interlocking response chains: as one pigeon approached the magazine, the other approached the platform, standing on which operated the feeder for up to 7 s. After one pigeon ate for a duration dependent upon the co-actor’s platform standing, the two switched positions. The results are discussed in relation to the definition of social behavior and the role of basic learning principles in social behavior.
Els ausetans a la Segona Guerra Púnica: el paper de les terres del curs mitjà del riu Ter en el conflicte
Authors: Rocafiguera Espona Montserrat de
Published: December 2020

El paper dels ausetans a la Segona Guerra Púnica havia estat sempre acceptat i corroborat per les fonts i l’arqueologia. Ara bé, la citació de Livi «Ausetanos prope Hiberum» ha portat a suposar l’existència d’uns altres ausetans a l’Ebre i a fer-los protagonistes dels fets atribuïts pels clàssics. Volem demostrar que les terres del Ter mitjà van ser importants en el conflicte i en les revoltes posteriors, i que és aquest el territori ausetà a què les fonts fan referència, tal com ho demostren els esdeveniments històrics posteriors que culminen amb la fundació d’Auso.
El Pirineu Oriental en el marc de la Segona Guerra Púnica (218-202 a.n.e.): una nova perspectiva
Authors: Olesti Vila Oriol
Published: December 2020

Els treballs arqueològics desenvolupats en els darrers anys al nord-est peninsular han permès documentar alguns esdeveniments històrics vinculats a la segona Guerra Púnica. També a l’àrea pirinenca, i en especial a la comarca de la Cerdanya, hi ha indicis d’aquest conflicte, el que permet vincular aquestes noves dades a les informacions aportades pels historiadors antics com Polibi i Titus Livi. El creuament dels Pirineus d’almenys una part de les tropes púniques per l’eix Segre-Tet sembla una proposta ben fonamentada.
Size Distribution of Atmospheric Particles: 40-Year Trends and 20-Year Comparisons of Chemical Constituents between Residential and Roadside Areas in Osaka City, Japan
Authors: Funasaka Kunihiro , Masumoto Keiko , Asakawa Daichi , Kaneco Satoshi
Published: December 2020

Long-term observational data for the size distributions and particulate chemical components have been summarized to understand the past and current particulate conditions in Osaka City. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) method was also applied to estimate the source changes. The observational data obtained using Andersen cascade impactors reveals that for the 40 years from fiscal year (FY) 1976 to 2015, there was a 70% reduction in PMfine (less than 2.1 μm of the aerodynamic diameter) and 76% reduction in PMcoarse (over 2.1 μm). These correspond to a 71% and 74% reduction in PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter) and PM10-2.5, respectively. From the continuous chemical measurements made in this study, we observed a more than 50% reduction in coarse particulate elemental carbon (EC), SO4
2−, NH4
+, Zn, Pb, and Cd, commonly in residential and roadside areas, over the last 20 years. Similarly, the level of the fine particulate EC, Ca2+, Cl−, Zn, Mg2+, Pb, and Cd was reduced by more than 50%. Notably, the results of the particulate component analysis of ECfine show a typical reduction of 73%–79% for 20 years, and this is the main component contributing to the reduction of atmospheric particulate concentration. However, there seems to have been no apparent reduction of Vfine concentrations, SO4
2−
fine showed a relatively low reduction of 19% to 26%, and NH4
+
fine levels fell by 14% to 21% in 20 years. Since fine sulfate and ammonium have similar behaviors, ammonium sulfate is considered to be a secondary particle aerosol because of long-range transportation. The PMF analysis still estimates a high contribution rate of secondary particles, which is one of the current problems. In contrast, although vanadium is a minor element, it is likely to be generated from harbor areas with ships because they are susceptible to the prevailing sea breeze in summer. Therefore, in the future, it will be necessary to scrutinize and take countermeasures not only for long-range transportation but also for domestic sources.
Propuesta de un método para el uso de juegos serios en la conservación del patrimonio natural y cultural
Authors: Heredia Iroel
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se estudia la problemática de la perdida de patrimonio natural, cultural y arquitectónico de los pueblos originarios y se plantea un método para la preservación de este patrimonio mediante el uso de los juegos serios y las TIC’s, en el marco del codiseño y el respeto a los valores socioculturales de las comunidades.
Motion Rehab 3D AVE V2: um novo VR-exergame para fisioterapia motora
Authors: Vergouwen Jean Marcel , De Quadros Nícolas Enrique , Júnior Renato Vargas , Pellin André Costa , Trombetta Mateus , Henrique Patrícia Paula Bazzanello , Rieder Rafael
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma nova versão do jogo Motion Rehab AVE 3D, exergame com suporte a Realidade Virtual que auxilia na reabilitação motora de membros superiores e inferiores. O jogo orienta na execução de uma série de exercícios por parte do paciente, e pode ser configurado pelo profissional de saúde. Por intermédio de elementos visuais e sonoros, e imersão no ambiente virtual, pode incentivar o paciente durante seu processo de reabilitação. Esse trabalho destaca a implementação de recursos para suportar um novo sensor de movimentos e um novo head-mounted display, bem como a criação de novos cenários e a definição de novos exercícios, com orientação de fisioterapeutas.
Construção e Validação de Tapete de Pressão de Baixo Custo para Interação Humano-Computador
Authors: Barros Thaysa , Teixeira João Marcelo Xavier Natário , Da Gama Alana Elza , Correia Walter
Published: December 2020

Diferentes tipos de sensores e tecnologias vêm sendo explorados para permitir a Interação Humano-Computador. A busca por sensores que permitam uma interação natural, sem necessidade de conexões afixadas ao corpo, ou de aprendizagem de comandos específicos é crescente. Nesse contexto, este trabalho apresenta uma tecnologia de aquisição de entrada para sistemas computacionais através da pressão, mais especificamente sensores de pressão em forma de tapetes. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o desenvolvimento e a validação do protótipo de um sistema de monitoramento de pressão capaz de provar conceitualmente uma alternativa de baixo custo de tapete de sensores de uso genérico como ferramenta de entrada para soluções interativas. Para atingir o objetivo de baixo custo, foi desenvolvido um tapete sensor de pressão utilizando uma matriz de Velostat, material de resistência variável conforme aplicação de pressão. A leitura do sensor foi realizada por meio de uma placa de desenvolvimento de Arduino Mega e envia os dados via Bluetooth em tempo real. Foram realizados testes de resistência dos sensores e testes do sistema direto no Arduino e com o sistema completo. Foi avaliada a resposta dos sensores, incluindo a sensibilidade do sensor por meio de aumento gradual da carga aplicada. O protótipo desenvolvido mostrou-se ser uma alternativa interessante e de baixo custo para aplicações interativas por meio da pressão dos pés.
Ocupational therapy using Virtual Reality
Authors: Rodrigues José , Menezes Paulo , Restivo Maria Teresa
Published: December 2020

This work describes a system for occupational therapy based on a traditional pedal system instrumented with a simple sensor for providing the rotating speed value and Oculus Rift headset and their hand trackers all to be used interactively with a Virtual Reality application. A virtual city is used as the environment to be explored by the user. The present level of development is described as well as the types of stimulations it allows, some project decisions and how to implement the evaluation of user’s performance.
Serious Game for Upper Limb Amputees Rehabilitation
Authors: Cavalcante Reidner Santos , Lamounier Edgard , Soares Alcimar , Cardoso Alexandre , De Lima Gerson Mendes
Published: December 2020

This work presents a Virtual Reality training environment for upper limb amputees. Based on principles of a serious game, the training environment aims to teach the patient how to control a virtual prosthesis, that lately, will be printed and attached to his forearm. Using a tether with different sensors the patient can interact with the virtual environment. The training protocols were provided by health-care professionals and the interaction technology was developed under their supervision, to ensure high levels of mobility and comfort for the user that are attached to the remaining forearm of the amputee. It was applied a questionnaire that evaluates several points of the game. It was observed that the methods and techniques used for the development of the serious game were shown to be consistent and adequate for the proposed goal.
labICE – Laboratório de Inovações Computacionais e de Engenharia
Authors: Guimarães Marcelo De Paiva
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta o labICE (laboratório de Inovações Computacionais e de Engenharia), que é um laboratório interdisciplinar que tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de pesquisas acadêmicas alinhadas a inovação, em áreas como Realidade Virtual, Realidade Aumentada, Saúde, Sistemas Distribuídos e Internet das coisas. O laboratório é voltado para o ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Para isso, conta com uma forte característica multi-institucional para realização de projetos, principalmente, os de pesquisa. Como resultado apresenta formação e aprimoramento de mão-de-obra qualificada em nível de graduação, pós-graduação e em estágio de pós-doutoramento. Isso é solidificado por diversas publicações em veículos nacionais e internacionais, registros de software e prêmios recebidos.
Forced Separation and the Wrong of Deportation
Authors: Carnes Thomas ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2020

This paper argues that liberal states are wrong to forcibly separate through deportation the unauthorized immigrant parents of member children and that states must therefore regularize such unauthorized immigrants. While most arguments for regularization focus on how deportation wrongs the unauthorized immigrants themselves, I ground my argument in how deportation wrongs the state’s members, namely the unauthorized immigrants’ member children. Specifically, forced separation through deportation wrongs affected children by violating a basic right to sustain the intimate relationships with their parents on which they rely for their development into fully autonomous agents.
CD8 T-Cell–Predominant Lymphocytic Esophagitis is One of the Major Patterns of Lymphocytic Inflammation in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Moiseff Robin , Olson Nicholas , Suriawinata Arief A. , Rothstein Richard I. , Lisovsky Mikhail
Published: December 2020

Context.—

Published reports have suggested an association of lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and primary motility disorders and have also shown that GERD and motility disorders frequently overlap. These findings make it difficult to determine the true relationship between LyE and GERD, which may be confounded by the presence of motility disorders with LyE.

Objective.—

To characterize patterns of lymphocytic inflammation in patients with GERD who have no motility abnormalities.

Design.—

We identified 161 patients seen at our institution from 1998 to 2014 who were diagnosed with GERD, had normal esophageal motility, and available esophageal biopsies. LyE was defined as peripapillary lymphocytosis with rare or absent granulocytes. CD4 and CD8 immunophenotype of lymphocytes was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.

Results.—

We found increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in 13.7% of patients with GERD. Two major patterns and 1 minor pattern of lymphocytic inflammation were observed as follows: (1) LyE (in 6.8% [11 of 161] of patients and typically focal), (2) dispersed lymphocytes in an area of reflux esophagitis (in 5.6% [9 of 161] and typically diffuse), and (3) peripapillary lymphocytes in an area of reflux esophagitis (in 1.2% [2 of 161]). CD8 T cells significantly outnumbered CD4 T cells in 91% of patients with lymphocytic esophagitis and 100% of patients with dispersed lymphocytes (9 of 9) or peripapillary lymphocytes (2 of 2) in the area of reflux esophagitis.

Conclusions.—

These findings suggest that LyE is one of the major patterns of lymphocytic inflammation in GERD. CD8 T-cell–predominant immunophenotype may be useful as a marker of GERD in the differential diagnosis of LyE.
Pan-Cancer Biomarkers: Changing the Landscape of Molecular Testing
Authors: Yao Jinjuan , Arcila Maria E. , Ladanyi Marc , Hechtman Jaclyn F.
Published: December 2020

Context.—

The increasing use of large panel next-generation sequencing technologies in clinical settings has facilitated the identification of pan-cancer biomarkers, which can be diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, or most importantly, actionable.

Objective.—

To discuss recently approved and emerging pan-cancer and multihistology biomarkers as well as testing methodologies.

Data Sources.—

The US Food and Drug Administration approval documents, National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, literature, and authors' own publications.

Conclusions.—

Since 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved genotype-directed therapies for pan-cancer biomarkers, including microsatellite instability, neurotrophic receptor kinases fusions, and high-tumor mutation burden. Both the importance and rarity of these biomarkers have increased the prevalence of genomic profiling across solid malignancies. As an integral part of the management team of patients with advanced cancer, pathologists need to be aware of these emerging biomarkers, the therapies for which they determine eligibility, and the strengths and pitfalls of the available clinical assays.
International standards for combating money laundering with reference to the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Lazić Radojica
Published: December 2020

Money laundering is increasingly becoming an issue of concern to the international community, as the states have realized that the harmonious activity of all international actors through the observance of the foreseen international standards is the most effective way of combating this type of crime. International documents have established a basic framework of activities for combating money laundering. This paper is focused on the analysis of the activities of international entities and their role in creating international standards in this field, as well as the impact of money laundering on various aspects of society and countries. In this connection, the paper first explains the international entities, then states their roles and all the most important international documents and then the results of the money laundering risk assessment in the Republic of Serbia with special emphasis on the criminal offenses with high degree threats for money laundering. Furthermore, it points to the importance of international entities and standards for the establishment of national systems that will be able to respond to the effects of money laundering and thereby create a successful financial system. Finally, the paper concludes that without the existence of international standards and activities of the international entities, appropriate conditions for effective combating of money laundering cannot be created, thereby providing more favorable conditions for the free flow of people and capital, as well as easier management of financial systems.
International standards for combating money laundering with reference to the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Lukić Goran
Published: December 2020

Money laundering is increasingly becoming an issue of concern to the international community, as the states have realized that the harmonious activity of all international actors through the observance of the foreseen international standards is the most effective way of combating this type of crime. International documents have established a basic framework of activities for combating money laundering. This paper is focused on the analysis of the activities of international entities and their role in creating international standards in this field, as well as the impact of money laundering on various aspects of society and countries. In this connection, the paper first explains the international entities, then states their roles and all the most important international documents and then the results of the money laundering risk assessment in the Republic of Serbia with special emphasis on the criminal offenses with high degree threats for money laundering. Furthermore, it points to the importance of international entities and standards for the establishment of national systems that will be able to respond to the effects of money laundering and thereby create a successful financial system. Finally, the paper concludes that without the existence of international standards and activities of the international entities, appropriate conditions for effective combating of money laundering cannot be created, thereby providing more favorable conditions for the free flow of people and capital, as well as easier management of financial systems.
The performance of dynamic and static investment strategies in pension funds
Authors: Luković Stevan
Published: December 2020

The retirement savings process for the members of a pension fund involves regular contribution payments made by a member and/or his employer, and the investment earnings generated by following an investment strategy. After the Global Financial Crisis, the aspect of value preservation has become particularly important to members of a pension fund, thus affecting the selection of an investment strategy. In face of increasing fluctuations on the financial market, static lifecycle strategies have become an unsatisfactory solution for members of a pension fund given the absence of a response to shocks on the financial market. In the paper, a comparative analysis of the performance of dynamic and static lifecycle strategies is carried out using bootstrap resampling in order to simulate investment returns and VaR indicators so as to assess the risk of an adverse financial outcome at retirement. The results of the analysis indicate the fact that dynamic lifecycle strategies generate more favorable financial results than static lifecycle strategies do, with a slightly increased likelihood of generating extremely unfavorable outcomes.
Factors influencing tomato marketing in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojedokun Ajibola , Yesufu Olufemi , Ayorinde Victoria
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted to identify the factors influencing tomato marketing in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from a total of 100 tomato marketers using a multistage sampling technique. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and multiple regression analysis. The result obtained revealed that wholesalers had a higher gross margin than retailers. Gender, education level and transportation costs were found to influence the marketing margin of retailers, whereas household size and transportation costs influenced the marketing margin of wholesalers. The study therefore recommends that tomato marketers should be encouraged into wholesale marketing. This can be achieved by subsidization and the implementation of an efficient marketing system.
Symbolism and imagination of the medieval period: The lady and the unicorn in the works of Gustave Moreau
Authors: Nikolić Jovana
Published: December 2020

The French Symbolist painter Gustave Moreau often used the motifs of fantastic beings and animals in his works, amongst which the unicorn found its place. Moreau got the inspiration for the unicorn motif after a visit to the Cluny Museum in Paris, in which six medieval tapestries with the name "The Lady and the Unicorn" were exhibited. Relying on the French Middle Age heritage, Moreau has interpreted the medieval legend of the hunt for this fantastic beast (with the aid of a virgin) in a new way, close to the art of Symbolism and the ideas of the cultural and intellectual climate of Paris at the end of the 19th century. In the Moreau's paintings "The Unicorn" and "The Unicorns", beautiful young nude girls are portrayed in the company of one or multiple unicorns. Similarly to the lady on the medieval tapestry, they too gently caress the animal, showing a close and sensual relationship between them. Although they were rid of their clothes, the artist donned lavish capes, crowns and jewellery on them, alluding to their privileged social status. Their beauty, nudity and closeness with the unicorns ties them to the theme of the femme fatal, which was often depicted in the Symbolist art forms. Showing the fairer sex as beings closer to the material, instinctual and irrational, Moreau has equated women and animals, as is the case with these paintings. Another important theme of the Symbolic art forms which can be seen on the aforementioned paintings is nature, wild and untouched. The landscape in the paintings shows a harmony between the unrestrained nature and the heroes of the painting, freed from strict moral laws of the civil society, or civilization in general. Putting the ladies and the unicorns in an ideal forest landscape, Moreau paints an intimate vision of an imaginary golden age, in this case the Middle Age, through a harmonic relationship of unicorns, women and nature. In that manner, Moreau's unicorns tell a fairy tale of a modern European man at the end of the 19th century: a fairy tale of harmony, sensuality and beauty, hidden in the realms of imagination and dreams.
'What cats have to dream about'?: Challenging anthropocentrism in 'A dream of a thousand cats', 'Teeth' and 'Princess Mononoke'
Authors: Petković Danijela
Published: December 2020

Relying on recent theoretical work in the field of critical animal studies and ecocriticism, the paper discusses several fantasies across different media and genres (a comic book series, a young adult novel, and an animated film), whose common characteristic is a critical stance towards anthropocentrism, also known, tellingly, as "human exceptionalism", "human supremacy", and "human chauvinism". The selected corpus consists of Neil Gaiman's "A Dream of a Thousand Cats", Hannah Moskowitz's "Teeth", and Hayao Miyazaki's "Princess Mononoke". Dissimilar as they are, these fantasies share common thematic concern with the relationship between the human and the nonhuman - primarily animals - as well as commitment to challenging the notions of natural, just and desirable human supremacy over all other forms of life. In the selected works, human exceptionalism is challenged by unmasking human exceptional brutality at its root, and, perhaps more unnervingly, by the exploration of the fundamental kinship between human and nonhuman animals. Although these popular fantasies do not voice explicit or simple ecological messages, due to the abovementioned concerns, they function as ecocritical texts as well. In the context of the global environmental crisis, it is in this ecocritical potential that some relevance of fantasy arguably lies.
Dimensions of national cultures and organisational behaviour
Authors: Đuretić Gordana , Krasulja Nevena
Published: December 2020

The main goal of this paper is to point out that the dimensions of national cultures have a huge impact on different aspects of organisational behaviour. The main support in the work is Hofstede's five-dimensional cultural model. The authors pay special attention to the dimensions of power distance and uncertainty avoidance. When both of indexes are high at the level of national culture, organizational climate will have some special features such as high hierarchical pyramids, centralised decision making, and autocratic behaviour of managers, negative attitudes towards work, stress and lack of entrepreneurial behaviour. Also, special interest in this topic results from the fact that both of these dimensions in Serbia are very high.
The importance of considering internal audit as a decision-making by top-management of an agricultural company
Authors: Jokić Miloš
Published: December 2020

The top management's decision-making in an agricultural enterprise should be based on valid information gathered within the enterprise itself. Collecting timely business information is done daily by all sectors of the enterprise. Merely improving the security of information gathering and the safety of all parts of the enterprise is a task performed by trained internal control and internal audit personnel in the company, appointed by top management. In performing their duties on a regular basis, internal auditors should apply procedures and methodologies that are consistent with International Standards on the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing in their work. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the importance of implementing the adopted methodology of work of internal auditors in agricultural companies. The author points out those standards that are in line with best audit practice should be applied in internal audit work. The contribution of the study authors is to emphasize the importance of applying the internal audit profession in the regular operation of agricultural enterprises, which is in line with the general objective of improving the regular business operation.
Construction, operation and measuring process of test reactor for biogas production
Authors: Vindiš Peter , Kelc Damijan , Lakota Miran , Berk Peter , Ošlaj Matjaž
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the research is to build an experimental reactor to study and optimize the production of biogas and its composition from energy crops and other materials of organic origin. An experimental reactor in a biogas plant was constructed for the anaerobic digestion of various substrates. With the experimental reactor, anaerobic digestion can be performed with the basic substrate of pig manure and in different compositions of the substrate. The substrate can be assembled in various combinations of energy crops. The method of construction of the experimental reactor was based on the standard method DIN 38 414, also with the mentioned method we produce biogas under normal conditions from various substrates. The process also determines the quality of biogas or methane content. The built biogas reactor is a reduced version of the economic reactor and serves to optimize the production of biogas in economic conditions.
Computational model of the fuel consumption and exhaust temperature of a heavy duty diesel engine using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Dilibe Ifeanyi
Published: December 2020

A model of a diesel engine and its electronic control system was developed to investigate the engine behaviour in a vehicle simulation environment. The modelled quantities were brake torque, fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature and were based on engine speed and pedal position. In order to describe these outputs the inlet air flow and boost pressure were also modelled and used as inner variables. The model was intended to be implemented on board a vehicle in a control unit which had limited computational performance. To keep the model as computationally efficient as possible the model basically consists of look-up tables and polynomials. First order systems were used to describe the dynamics of air flow and exhaust temperature. The outputs enable gear shift optimization over three variables, torque for vehicle acceleration, fuel consumption for efficiency and exhaust temperature to maintain high efficiency in the exhaust after treatment system. The engine model captures the low frequent dynamics of the modelled quantities in the closed loop of the engine and its electronic control system. The model only consists of three states, one for the pressure build up in the intake manifold and two states for modelling the exhaust temperature. The model was compared to measured data from an engine test cell (as got in INNOSON NIG. LTD.) and the mean absolute relative error were lower than 6.8%, 7.8% and 5.8% for brake torque, fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature respectively. These results were considered good given the simplicity of the model.
Potential impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on environmental parameters
Authors: Qarani Aziz
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 had an impact on the daily life, human activities, various sectors, and the environment. Accordingly, the aim of this research was to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown (COVID-19 PL) on the environmental parameters. The studied environmental parameters were solid waste, noise, air, water, wastewater (WW), soil and green areas, natural environment and resources, light pollution, radiation pollution, energy and others. The main environmental issues were divided into seventy sub-parameters. Results revealed that COVID-19 PL increased a number of parameters, such as domestic and hospital wastes, noise at home, aquatic life and water quality, domestic WW amount, green areas, animal and birds movement, natural energy, rodents etc.; while, it decreased several factors for instance commercial/industrial solid waste, traffic and outdoor noises, air pollution and particles, water contamination, WW production, cutting trees and hunting, fuel extraction and mining, artificial light and radiation, fuel combustion, tourist etc. Alternatively, some parameters, such as black water, natural radiation, and normal lighting remained as before COVID-19 PL. Positive, nil, and negative impacts of the parameters on the environment due to COVID-19 PL were 81.43 %, 5.71 %, and 12.86 %, respectively. Positive impacts of the COVID-19 PL on the environment were greater than negative influences and lockdown was regarded as a respiration of the natural environment. Currently, prediction of seasonal impact on spreading COVID-19 is difficult.
Specifične gramatičke i leksičko-gramatičke riječi - na građi Njegoševog "Šćepana Malog"
Authors: Marojević Radmilo
Published: December 2020

U ovom radu razmatraju se: (1) ortografeme e i no, (2) ortografeme a i ali, (3) ortografeme kako i ka i (4) ortografeme te i što, kao i (5) sintagmatske veze al i, kad ali i te liš. U radu se primjenjuje poredbena analiza primjerâ iz Šćepana Malog s kontekstima iz Gorskog vijenca, Luče mikrokozma i iz drugih Njegoševih djela.
From 1970s until present: New horizons of cognitive linguistics and its application in CLIL, teaching languages and literature, SLA and translation studies
Authors: Boyarkina Iren
Published: December 2020

The present paper studies some important stages of evolution of cognitive linguistics from the 1970s till present. One of the main ideas, appeared in the second half of the last century, which lies at the basis of cognitive linguistics is that language cannot be treated as a separate function of human brain but it makes and inseparable part of human cognitive abilities; language is closely intertwined with cognition. One of the most prominent manifestations of cognition is imagination, the ability to project concepts onto other concepts. This mechanism of projection (mapping) lies at the basis of the conceptual metaphor theory (CMT), introduced by Lakoff and Johnson, which became a milestone in the development of cognitive linguistics and its fundamental aspect. The paper focuses on CMT, as well as on some other theories of metaphor, which aspects were elaborated and integrated into CMT. The article also analyses the neural theory of metaphor - the next important evolutionary stage in cognitive linguistics. Facounnier and Turner further elaborated the principles of conceptual mapping and combined them with conceptual blending in the conceptual integration theory, which is also studied in the article as the mechanism explaining how human mind works. Feldman elaborated these theories to create a neural theory of language, which is considered in this paper as well. The article emphasizes that cognitive linguistics is very effective for research as well as for teaching since it provides a set of powerful tools able to enhance teaching of languages and literature (besides other subjects). The blending theory, CMT as a particular case of blending theory, as well as the neural theory of language are of particular interest not only for the human brain and mind studies but to the Artificial Intelligence studies as well. The paper observes that these and other instruments of cognitive linguistics can be successfully employed in the Second Language Acquisition studies, translation studies, CLIL, etc.