bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equitable Implementation of Evidence-based Treatments in Youth Community Mental Health Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: AlRasheed Rashed
Published: November 2023

Background: Community mental health (CMH) settings face challenges when implementing evidence-based treatments (EBTs) as they tend to be under-resourced and understaffed. Minoritized youth, who often seek services at CMH settings, may benefit from interventions that are tailored to their contexts and needs. Despite the recent call for equity-centered implementation, little is known about how to promote mental health equity when implementing EBTs in CMH settings.Methods: This scoping review characterized how EBT implementation studies in CMH settings considered elements of health equity. We searched four databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Included studies focused on children, delivered an EBT, were conducted in a CMH setting, examined both mental health and implementation outcomes, and had a randomized controlled trial design. Data extraction and synthesis was performed to identify client, provider, organizational, and societal barriers to EBT implementation as well as strategies that facilitate equitable EBT implementation using the Health Equity Implementation Framework.Results: Twenty-two articles met our inclusion criteria, spanning eight countries. Most studies had predominantly White participants, but over 40% had predominantly Black or Hispanic participants. Across all included articles, seven mental health diagnoses and nine EBTs were represented. Most articles measured only one implementation outcome, usually fidelity. We identified emerging themes of client, provider, organizational, and societal barriers that influenced equitable EBT implementation. Identified facilitation strategies appeared to mainly target client barriers, rarely addressing provider, organizational or societal barriers. The strategies involved EBT modifications, using different methods of EBT delivery, and improving EBT accessibility.Conclusion: While examples of strategies to promote equitable EBT implementation exist in the literature, the studies in this review rarely systematically assessed and addressed determinants of inequities, often reporting barriers post-implementation. Future implementation projects should consider barriers of health equity pre-implementation and prioritize studying what strategies work and under what conditions.
Geographies of Discontent: Measuring and Understanding the Feeling of Abandonment in the Chilean Region of Valparaiso (2019-2021)
Authors: Fierro Pedro , Aravena-González Ignacio , Aroca Patricio , Rowe Francisco
Published: November 2023

Political discontent, frequently mirrored in voting patterns, extends beyond ballot votes. By focusing on Valparaiso, Chile, we introduce a more comprehensive measure—external political efficacy (EPE)—capturing a sense of abandonment and gauging public sentiment towards the political system's responsiveness to their needs. Our analysis addresses individual and area-level factors underpinning individual variations in EPE. The evidence suggests that long-term territorial socio-economic disadvantage, rather than low-paid employment, is significantly related to individual discontent, highlighting lowered beliefs in system responsiveness.
Measuring attitudes towards wild animal welfare: The Wild Animal Welfare Scale
Authors: Sleegers Willem W. A. , Moss David , McAuliffe William H.B. , Reinstein David , Romero Waldhorn Daniela
Published: November 2023

In this paper we introduce the Wild Animal Welfare (WAW) scale. The WAW scale consists of four important factors to assess attitudes towards the welfare of wild animals: caring about WAW, support for intervening in nature, idyllic views of nature, and intervention ineffectiveness beliefs. Items were devised to assess these constructs, pilot tested, and verified across four preregistered studies (N = 2866). The factors demonstrated good reliability and strongly correlated with other measures of animal welfare attitudes, including animal attitudes, speciesism, and support for specific WAW interventions. Caring and interventionist attitudes towards WAW also predicted a bonus payment being given to a wild animal charity. Our aim is that the scale will facilitate further research on attitudes towards wild animal suffering and, in turn, inform interventions and policies aimed at improving the welfare of wild animals.
FUSF Symposium 2020 Abstracts Blood-Brain Barrier Opening
Authors: Manning Charles
Published: November 2023

This document contains abstracts on the topic of blood-brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound from the 2020 Focused Ultrasound Foundation Symposium.
No Correlation Between 2D:4D Ratio and Environmental Sensitivity as a Personality Trait in Young Adults
Authors: Iimura Shuhei , Nishaat Aneesah
Published: November 2023

Humans adaptively adjust their psychosocial phenotypes in response to a given early environment. Little is known about the associations between the factors at different levels that contribute to individual differences in developmental plasticity. To address this issue, the current study explored the associations between different levels of plasticity factors, prenatal androgen exposure, and personality traits related to environmental sensitivity. We recruited participants from Japan (184 females and 90 males, age range 18–23 years) and India (94 females and 86 males, age range 18–24 years) and measured their personality traits of environmental sensitivity and an indirect indicator of prenatal androgen exposure, the ratio of the length of the index (2nd digit: 2D) and ring (4th digit: 4D) fingers of their hands (i.e., 2D:4D). Overall, the analyses by country and sex did not reveal a clear correlation between the personality traits related to environmental sensitivity and 2D:4D ratios in any of the subsamples. Partially, the environmental sensitivity of Japanese females showed a weak positive correlation with the left- and two-handed mean 2D:4D ratios; however, this correlation approached zero when outliers were removed and reanalyzed. Finally, we address the reasons for the inconsistent findings regarding the associations between different levels of plasticity factors. Additionally, we highlight the remaining questions that should be addressed in the future.
The illusion of information adequacy: A corollary to naïve realism
Authors: Gehlbach Hunter , Robinson Carly D , Fletcher Angus
Published: November 2023

NOTE: The final published paper (focused on study 2) is now available at https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0310216The theory of naïve realism suggests that many disagreements occur because different parties construe the same situation differently. The present study proposes a corollary: the illusion of information adequacy. Specifically, we argue that in addition divergent construals of the same situation, naïve realism is precipitated by people who are exposed to different information assuming that their information is sufficient to adequately understand the situation. Participants in our preregistered studies (Ns = 218 and 1261, respectively) responded to a hypothetical scenario in which control participants received full information and treatment participants received approximately half of that same information. Across both studies, we found that treatment participants assumed that they had comparably adequate information and that they were just as competent in making a thoughtful decision based on that information. Participants’ decisions were heavily influenced by which cross-section of information they received. Finally, in line with the false consensus effect, participants believed that most other people would make a similar decision to the one they made. We discuss the implications of this corollary to naïve realism within the context of interpersonal conflict resolution strategies.
Anticipated Affect Predicts Moral Praise and Character Judgments
Authors: Amormino Paige , Mercier Brett , Inbar Yoel
Published: November 2023

In four preregistered studies (total N = 5,067), we investigated whether people use their own anticipated affective responses to a situation to make judgments about the praiseworthiness of helping and the moral character of helpers. We found that helpers in more affectively-arousing scenarios were seen as more morally motivated, received greater praise, and were seen as having more positive moral character, even when controlling for the perceived benefits of helping. Describing helpers as unemotional reduced the effect of observers’ anticipated affect on character judgments. These results suggest that when making praise and character judgments, people not only consider the consequences of a helper’s actions, but also the emotions they experience when engaging in them—and that they use their own anticipated emotional experience to do this.
Exploring the dynamic interplay between Learning and Working Memory within various cognitive contexts
Authors: Hassanzadeh Zakieh , Bahrami Fariba , Dortaj Fariborz
Published: November 2023

The intertwined relationship between reinforcement learning and working memory in the brain is a complex subject and has been researched widely across various domains in neuroscience. A main part of the research is focused on identifying brain areas responsible for these two functions, understanding their contributions in accomplishing the related tasks and examining how they adapt when faced with changed conditions such as a cognitive impairment or ageing. Numerous models have been introduced to formulate either these two subsystems of reinforcement learning and working memory separately or their combination and relationship in executing cognitive tasks. In this paper RLWM model is selected as the computational framework that models the behavioral parameters of subjects with different cognitive abilities due to age or cognitive status. In this sense, related RLWM task is used to test a group of subjects in different ages and different cognitive abilities based on their scores in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool (MoCA). The results show that the overall performance accuracy and speed decline as the age group (young vs. middle-aged) differs. They also differ significantly on some model parameters such as learning rate, WM decay and decision noise. Additionally, among middle-aged group, subjects that were categorized as normal vs. MCI based on MoCA test, differs in speed and performance accuracy as well as decision noise as one of the RLWM model’s parameter that was higher in MCI middle-aged subjects.
Ambiguity induces opportunistic rule breaking and erodes social norms
Authors: Molleman Lucas , Nosenzo Daniele , Venema Tina
Published: November 2023

Rules are central to social order, but violations can rapidly spread when compliance is costly to individuals. Moreover, the applicability of rules is often ambiguous and open to interpretation, creating “wiggle room" to bend rules in self-serving ways. It is currently unknown how ambiguity shapes rule compliance and the sway of social influence. Here we present incentivized experiments (total n=3,226 American Prolific workers) showing that ambiguity substantially reduces rule compliance. Observing rule bending or a rule violation reduces compliance, but observing compliance does not increase it. The combined effect of ambiguity and bad examples is as strong as the effect of either factor on its own, indicating that many people comply unless an opportunity arises for self-serving rule violation. Further experiments suggest that these results are due to weakened social norms: ambiguity reduces disapproval of rule bending, and people expect violations to increase after observing non-compliance.
Women are credited less in science than men: yes, but not in most scientific fields!
Authors: Auspurg Katrin , Brüderl Josef
Published: November 2023

This is a comment to Ross et al. (2022). That study concluded that in most scientific fields women are credited less likely authorship than men. However, this conclusion is not supported by the authors’ own analyses as they are reported in their supplementary materials. Only in two out of 13 fields (Biology and Geoscience) women are statistically significantly disadvantaged in authorship attribution. In one field (Health) women are even at an advantage compared to men. By ignoring this important variation, the authors overlook an important aspect for change.
Partners’ age difference and marital dissolution in Italy. A cohort comparison
Authors: Corti Giulia , Bellani Daniela , Guarneri Antonella , Rinesi Francesca
Published: November 2023

As in most Western countries, in Italy during the last decades, family change has been characterized, among other factors, by increasing divorce rates, and several contributions have analyzed potential determinants of such increase. This study is the first that focuses on age assortative mating patterns (who ‘marries’ whom in terms of age). We analyze the association between the relative age of spouses and marital dissolution and whether the stability premium related to age assortative mating patterns has changed/has reversed during the last decades. We employ data from the survey Multipurpose survey on households: families, social subjects and life cycle (FSS), collected by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (Istat) in 2016. We analyze micro-level retrospective information on union histories of first marriages between 1970 and 1999 through an event-history approach. We found hypergamous couples (man older) to have a lower risk of separation. This result seems to confirm the perspective of marriage as a gendered institution that favors hypergamy. However, the stability premium for hypergamy couples weakens for more recent marriage cohorts. The empirical evidence suggests that the severity of the non-normative power relations represented by hypogamous arrangement has declined and that age hypogamy does not represent a factor of instability anymore.
Quantifying Attrition in Science: A Cohort-Based, Longitudinal Study of Scientists in 38 OECD Countries
Authors: Kwiek Marek , Szymula Łukasz
Published: November 2023

In the present research, we explore how members of the global scientific community leave academic science and how attrition differs across genders, academic disciplines, and over time. Our approach is global, cohort-based, and longitudinal: we track individual male and female scientists over time and quantify the phenomenon traditionally referred to as “leaving science.” Using publication metadata from Scopus—a global bibliometric database of publications and citations—we follow the details of the publishing careers of scientists who started publishing in 2000 (N = 142,776) and 2010 (N = 232,843). Our study is restricted to 16 STEMM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine), and we track the individual scholarly output of the two cohorts until 2022. Survival analyses show that attrition becomes ever less gendered, while regression models show that publication quantity is more consequential than publication quality for careers. Behind the aggregated changes at the level of all STEMM disciplines combined, widely nuanced changes were found to occur at the level of disciplines and over time. Attrition in science means different things for men versus women depending on the discipline; moreover, it means different things for scientists from different cohorts entering the scientific workforce. Finally, global bibliometric datasets were tested in this study, opening new opportunities to explore gender and disciplinary differences in attrition.
Technological Impact of Funded Research: A Case Study of Non-Patent References
Authors: Quemener Justin , Miotti Luis , Maddi Abdelghani
Published: November 2023

Research funding is essential to expand knowledge, foster innovation, and address the complex challenges that shape our future. The scientific literature has extensively addressed the relationship between research funding and the academic impact of publications. More recently, several studies have analyzed the technological impact of funded research as measured through citations in patents, known as Non-Patent References (NPRs). But there remains much to know about NPRs and the multiplication of case studies is necessary to characterize them. In this study, we analyze a sample of 7065 publications funded by the French Health Research Foundation (FRM) and the citations of these publications in patents. This study shows the high scientific and technological impacts of FRM funding. Indeed, the publications funded by FRM, which are cited in patents, are 3.5 times more frequently cited by other publications than the global average (for funded publications in the entire database, this ratio is 2.6). Furthermore, our results also indicate that USPTO patents citing these publications exhibit high-quality indicators. Moreover, five of these patents have led to approved drug products by the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This study provides further evidence of the positive influence that research funding can have on both scientific and technological advancements.
Institutional Decline and Resilient Belief: Understanding Secularization in Latin America
Authors: Blanton Matthew
Published: November 2023

A large body of literature analyzes trends of religious decline across Western Europe and North America. Often rooted in secularization theory—the idea that modernization reduces religious beliefs and practice—this research lacks attention to global, comparative contexts. In this study, I draw on survey data from 17 Latin American countries to consider religious decline across the region. I explore the contemporary expansion of the religiously unaffiliated and analyze measures of affiliation, church attendance, and religious importance by birth cohort. I demonstrate that Latin America follows the established pattern of secularization through generational replacement, yet with a distinct trajectory: institutional decline is evident, but personal belief remains resilient and is even growing. I then test multiple theoretical frameworks to explain secularization in the region, advancing the theory of diffused secularization by examining how global cultural forces can diminish religiosity. Finally, I compare secularization trends in Latin America with those in Western Europe and the United States, highlighting the region’s distinct patterns of religious change. This study provides insights into the understudied religious landscape of Latin America and enriches the discourse on secularization theory by situating it within a global context.
Wetting properties of thin films of exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride in different solvents
Authors: Acosta Selene , Pérez Luna Verónica , Sánchez Balderas Gregorio , Hernández Meza Juan Manuel , Yáñez Soto Bernardo , Quintana Mildred
Published: November 2023

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a 2D material with excellent properties, such as large band gap, high thermal and chemical stability, transparency, and high resistance to oxidation and corrosion. These properties make h-BN a suitable candidate to be used in the development of advanced coatings. However, as for other nanomaterials, tailor and control the properties of h-BN is a fundamental key for their application into several fields. Here, the wetting properties of h-BN when is exfoliated by ultrasonic cavitation in different solvents including isopropyl alcohol (IPA), dioxane (Dx), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethyl formamide (DMF) were investigated. The wetting properties of the different h-BN materials were determined by measuring the water contact angle (WCA) of h-BN thin films deposited on silicon dioxide, different contact angles were observed for each sample, the different WCA values are explained by the differences in the structure and roughness of the thin film surfaces obtained just by changing the solvent during exfoliation. These surface properties were characterized by optic and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Minimal center-of-mass energy required for QGP formation in pp and AA collisions
Authors: Rosales Herrera Diana , Fernández Téllez Arturo , Ramírez Jhony
Published: November 2023

We discuss the conditions for QGP formation under the Color String Percolation Model. Since the observables in the percolation theory are sensitive to the system size, we expect the finite size effects take a relevant contribution to the estimation of the color string observables, such as the transition temperature or the center of mass energy needed for the QGP formation. We observe that pp collisions (small systems) require around 20 times bigger center of mass energy than heavy ion collisions. Our results are consistent with the experiments claiming that the QGP has been observed.
Structural basis of the vascular hemostatic mechanism in the uterine cervix
Authors: Prokopchook-Lyckbäck Alexander V.
Published: November 2023

The objective of the study was to investigate the angioarchitectonics and the functional morphology of the vessels of the cervix and to clarify the role of structural features of these vessels in preventing hemorrhaging in parturition during cervical dilatation. Cervixes uteri were obtained from corpses of 30 women of various ages and 5 ablated at labor. Series of histotopographical specimens of the cervixes were processed using histological and histochemical methods. Peculiar features of the angioarchitectonics, histotopography and structure of cervical vessels were encountered. Arteries penetrating the cervix are surrounded by tight muffs of anastomizing veins that are closely adjacent to the arteries. In other cases, the arteries are located within the lumen of veins – «vessels within vessels». Cervical arteries make up subendocervical convolutions. During pregnancy, smooth muscle «cushions» develop in the vessels. The cervix is pierced by a network of veins that divide the cervical tissue into separate stromal «lobules». This peculiar vascular architecture might be important structural basis of the vascular hemostatic mechanism in the neck of the uterus triggered by labor. It prevents vessel rupture, hemorrhaging and amniotic fluid and air embolism during cervical dilatation. The venous network that passes through the cervix makes it easy for the separate stromal «lobules» of the cervix to move relative to each other during cervical dilatation.
Когнітивні розлади у хворих на травматичну енцефалопатію
Authors: Matyash M. M. , Khudenko L. I.
Published: November 2023

У результаті проведеного дослідженя 147 хворих на травматичну енцефалопатію (ТЕ) з’ясовано особливості когнітивних розладів, виділено основні психопатологічні синдроми. Помірні когнітивні розлади (КР) серед хворих на ТЕ спостерігали у 40 % осіб з психорганічним синдромом, у 90,6 % осіб з астенічним синдромом, у 90,4 % осіб з ліквородисциркуляційним синдромом та у 76,1 % осіб з церебрально-вогнищевим синдромом. КП ускладнюють перебіг будь-якого післятравматичного синдрому, в структурі якого вони мають місце. Помірні КП належать до структури післятравматичного синдрому та є значним дезадаптаційним фактором для пацієнта.
Факторы риска и клинические особенности вторичной олигоменореи у девочек-подростков
Authors: Levenets S. O. , Novokhatska S. V. , Sheludko O. Yu.
Published: November 2023

До факторів ризику вторинної олігоменореї (ВОМ) належать хронічна екстрагенітальна патологія, різке коливання маси тіла за короткий період часу, ускладнений перинатальний анамнез при виникненні ВОМ після одного року регулярної менструації. Підлітки з ВОМ відрізняються від здорових одноліток високою частотою гірсутизму, ожиріння або дефіциту маси тіла, гіпоплазії матки.
Рецензія на книгу Триньова Я. О. "Біоетичні проблеми кримінального права України"
Authors: Muzychenko P. F.
Published: November 2023

Рецензія на книгу Триньова Я. О. "Біоетичні проблеми кримінального права України"
Остеопороз у женщин пременопаузального возраста
Authors: Bilovol O. M. , Knyazkova I. I. , Kuzmonova N. V.
Published: November 2023

Протягом багатьох років остеопороз (ОП) розглядали як захворювання осіб літнього віку. Проте певну частину у віковій структурі захворювання становлять особи молодого віку. Збільшення поширення ОП завдає шкоди здоров’ю населення внаслідок збільшення рівнів захворюваності та смертності, пов’язаного з переломами. У статті розглядаються фактори ризику ОП, які найчастіше виявляють у жінок молодого віку, знання яких дозволить проводити навчання пацієнток і вживати заходи з профілактики розвитку ОП.
Внутрішньосерцева гемодинаміка у дітей з ізольованими аномальними хордами лівого шлуночка залежно від локалізації та кількості
Authors: Kondrashova V. G.
Published: November 2023

Обстежено 156 дітей основної групи (народжені від батьків, опромінених в результаті чорнобильської катастрофи), у яких, за даними ехокардіографії, виявлено ізольовані аномальні хорди лівого шлуночка (АХЛШ). Аналіз морфометричних показників та центральної гемодинаміки проведено залежно від локалізації й кількості АХЛШ. Встановлено, що поєднана локалізація АХЛШ при їх пороговій кількості найбільше впливала на зміни морфометричних показників серця та центральну гемодинаміку. Стан системного кровообігу свідчить про зниження у них адаптаційних можливостей серцево-судинної системи за рахунок зміщення в динаміці та енергетиці серцевого скорочення. Зменшення ударного об’єму, ударного і серцевого індексів, характерні для гіпокінетичного типу організації центральної гемодинаміки, можна вважати ранніми ознаками напруження функціональних можливостей серця й судин. У цій підгрупі дітей виявлено достовірні зміни трансмітрального кровотоку, що свідчить про ініціацію у них діастолічної дисфункції. При допороговій кількості АХЛШ найсуттєвіші зміни відмічено у їх серединній локалізації. Майже у третини дітей цієї підгрупи під час індивідуального aналізу також спостерігали ознаки ініціації діастолічної дисфункції.
Клініко-біохімічні і гормональні предиктори гіпертрофії лівого шлуночка у хворих на акромегалію
Authors: Mykytyuk M. R.
Published: November 2023

Обстежено 76 (26 чоловіків і 50 жінок) хворих на активну акромегалію віком від 20 до 70 років, середній вік – (48,22 ± 12,19) року. Ехокардіографічні ознаки гіпертрофії лівого шлуночка (ГЛШ) виявлено у 63,2 % хворих, в тому числі у 46% з концентричною ГЛШ. Встановлено, що високі рівні соматотропного гормону (СТГ) гіпофіза й інсуліно-подібного ростового фактора-1 (ІРФ-1) не є незалежними предикторами ГЛШ. Вплив СТГ і ІРФ-1 на формування ГЛШ опосередкується антропометричними показниками та рівнем систолічного і діастолічного артеріального тиску, які є предикторами ГЛШ у хворих на акромегалію.
Ефективність діагностики та лікування цереброваскулярних порушень при гіпертензивній енцефалопатії у хворих похилого віку шляхом вивчення особливостей церебральної гемодинаміки та стану перфузії головного мозку
Authors: Sviridova N. K. , Yavorsky V. V.
Published: November 2023

Проблема прогресування гіпертензивної енцефалопатії (ГЕ) у хворих похилого віку полягає в тому, що розвиток когнітивних порушень й високий артеріальний тиск (АТ) недооцінюють, оскільки тривалий час він може відбуватись без клінічних проявів. Останнім десятиліттям доведено, що основою розвитку різних церебральних захворювань є дисфункція систем, які регулюють мозковий кровоток, у тому числі систему ауторегуляції, що значно впливає на кровопостачання головного мозку. Це пояснює той факт, що у хворих з хронічною ішемією мозку стан мозкової гемодинаміки в значній мірі залежить від стану й стабільності механізмів регуляції системної й церебральної гемодинаміки, зокрема рівня системного АТ, регіонарного мозкового кровонаповнення, нормалізація яких на початкових етапах розвитку порушень запобігає розвитку тяжких ускладнень. Наведено теоретичне узагальнення і нове вирішення науково-практичної проблеми впливу артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ) на формування хронічної ішемії мозку у хворих похилого віку на фоні АГ – уточнено фактори ризику та особливості формування на підставі комплексного вивчення клініко-неврологічних даних, інструментальних і нейровізуалізаційних методів дослідження, розроблені та вдосконалені методи її діагностики. Встановлено, що у хворих похилого віку з ГЕ відмічається достовірне (Р < 0,05) збільшення товщини комплексу інтима–медіа (dextra – 1,12 ± 0,03 та sinistra – 1,11 ± 0,03) порівняно з хворими середнього віку з ГЕ та АГ, а це свідчить про порушення еластичних властивостей судинної стінки. Відмічено кореляційний зв’язок даних радіонуклідного дослідження та ультразвукового дуплексного сканування судин голови і шиї. Виявлено негативну кореляційну залежність комплексу інтима–медіа та вираженість вогнищ гіпоперфузії за даними однофотонної емісійної ком'пютерної томографії (r = –0,49; P < 0,05), що підтверджує прогресування ГЕ у хворих похилого віку та потребує вдосконалення тактики лікування.
Особливості діагностики пошкоджень зв’язкового апарату латерального відділу надп’ятковогомілкового суглоба у гострому періоді
Authors: Krasnoperov S. M. , Shishka I. V. , Golovaha M. L.
Published: November 2023

Несвоєчасна діагностика пошкоджень зв'язкового апарату надп’ятково-гомілкового суглоба і подальше неадекватне лікування призводять до розвитку хронічної нестабільності і швидкого прогресування дегенеративно-дистрофічних процесів у суглобі. Метою даної роботи було поліпшити результати лікування шляхом розробки алгоритму діагностики і вибору тактики лікування гострих пошкоджень зв'язкового апарату латерального відділу надп’ятково-гомілкового суглоба. Обстежено 48 хворих з інверсійним механізмом травми надп’ятково-гомілкового суглоба в анамнезі у гострому періоді. Протокол діагностики включав клінічне та рентгенологічне обстеження через 48 год і через 7–10 днів з моменту травми. З урахуванням високої питомої ваги неточних результатів клінічної діагностики в перші 48 год після травми необхідний короткий курс консервативного лікування протягом 7–10 днів з повторним обстеженням і проведенням клінічних та рентгенологічних тестів нестабільності. Аналіз клінічних симптомів при інверсійній травмі надп’ятково-гомілкового суглоба показав, що поєднання локальної болючості при пальпації в проекції пошкоджених зв'язок, наявність вираженої періартикулярної гематоми в латеральному відділі надп’ятково-гомілкового суглоба і позитивні тести передньої і бічної нестабільності через 7–10 днів з моменту травми в 87 % випадків свідчить про пошкодження зв'язок. В результаті дослідження запропоновано алгоритм діагностики гострого пошкодження зв'язкового апарату латерального відділу надп’ятково-гомілкового суглоба, який дозволив визначити диференційовані показання до хірургічного відновлення зв'язок латерального відділу та консервативного лікування даної групи хворих.
Локальні та системні зміни цитокінового балансу при передчасних пологах в різні гестаційні терміни
Authors: Slobodyanyk O. Ya.
Published: November 2023

Наведено результати вивчення концентрації основних класів прозапальних цитокінів у сироватці крові та амніотичній рідині породіллі з передчасними пологами в різні гестаційні терміни. Отримані дані свідчать про відмінності в патогенезі передчасної пологової діяльності до та після 28 гестаційних тижнів не менш ніж на рівні цитокінової регуляції.
Опыт лечения беременных с острым хирургическим заболеванием органов брюшной полости
Authors: Stets M. M. , Chernenko V. M.
Published: November 2023

У даній статті наведено узагальнений досвід лікування вагітних з гострими хірургічними захворюваннями органів черевної порожнини.
Термінологія процедур забору крові та отримання її компонентів
Authors: Timchenko A. S. , Smiyanov V. A. , Lyubchack V. P. , Lyubchack V. V.
Published: November 2023

Розглянуто адекватне використання термінології, що застосовують при позначенні різних видів і способів забору крові та її компонентів, із семантичної, фонетичної та технологічної точки зору.
A brief retrospective of the history of neurosurgery in Croatia
Authors: Splavski Bruno , Arnautović Kenan I.
Published: November 2023

The beginnings of neurosurgery in Croatia date to the end of the 19th century when Teodor Wickerhauser performed the first craniotomy in the country in 1886. Exactly 60 years later, in 1946, Danko Riessner founded a separate neurosurgical ward in Zagreb and is therefore considered the founder of Croatian neurosurgery. His main scientific contribution was a paper on the shifting of brain masses, published in 1939. The Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Zagreb was founded in 1974 as one of the first institutions of its kind in Southeast Europe. Finally, the Croatian Neurosurgical Society was founded in 1992 to promote the neurosurgical profession and science at the national level. This historical vignette aimed to provide a brief chronology of the most important events and notable people in the history of Croatian neurosurgery, as well as to commemorate its founders and highlight its development from the beginning to its current state of proficiency and expertise.
Simultaneous versus staged bilateral carpal tunnel release via open and endoscopic surgeries: a retrospective propensity score–matched patient comorbidity analysis
Authors: Bhanja Debarati , Freedman Zachary , Daggubati Lekhaj , Moeckel Camille , Rizk Elias
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) presents bilaterally in nearly 60%–70% of affected patients. Bilateral carpal tunnel release (CTR) can be performed in a staged or simultaneous fashion. There remains a limited understanding of the optimal preoperative factors to use for patient selection when determining simultaneous versus staged bilateral CTR. Moreover, it is unclear how these factors influence postoperative outcomes. In this study, the authors aimed to identify and compare preoperative comorbidities and postoperative outcomes in patients who had undergone simultaneous versus staged open and endoscopic bilateral CTR.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of data collected from the TriNetX database. Patients with bilateral CTS who had been treated from February 1, 2002, to February 1, 2022, were dichotomized by their bilateral release approach: simultaneous or staged within 3 months. The resulting groups were analyzed separately by open versus endoscopic techniques. Next, cohorts were analyzed for preoperative comorbidities to identify possible factors for surgical determination. Then, they were propensity score matched on demographics and comorbidities. Postoperative outcomes within 6 months of surgery were measured with and without matching.

RESULTS

After matching, 9286 and 3709 patients remained in the open and endoscopic groups, respectively. Those who had undergone staged surgeries via an open or endoscopic approach had more preoperative comorbidities. After matching, staged open release was associated with significantly higher rates of postprocedural care, hand/joint pain, limb pain, trigger finger, and upper respiratory tract infections. Simultaneous open release was associated with higher rates of emergency room visits. Staged endoscopic release was associated with significantly higher rates of postprocedural care, limb pain, and trigger finger. No significant outcomes were favored in the simultaneous endoscopic group.

CONCLUSIONS

Before matching, patients who had undergone staged CTR had significantly higher rates of preoperative medical comorbidities compared with patients in the simultaneous CTR group. Moreover, staged CTR was significantly associated with higher rates of postoperative complications. After matching on demographics and comorbidities, staged CTR was still associated with higher rates of postoperative complications, suggesting that preoperative comorbidities do not influence postoperative outcome. Further prospective studies could be used to validate these results and provide new findings for the management and treatment of these groups.
What factors influence surgical decision-making in anterior versus posterior surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD analysis
Authors: Park Christine , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Than Khoi D. , Michalopoulos Giorgos D. , El Sammak Sally , Chan Andrew K. , Bisson Erica F. , Sherrod Brandon A. , Asher Anthony L. , Coric Domagoj , Potts Eric A. , Foley Kevin T. , Wang Michael Y. , Fu Kai-Ming , Virk Michael S. , Knightly John J. , Meyer Scott , Park Paul , Upadhyaya Cheerag , Shaffrey Mark E. , Buchholz Avery L. , Tumialán Luis M. , Turner Jay , Agarwal Nitin , Chou Dean , Chaudhry Nauman S. , Haid Regis W. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Bydon Mohamad , Gottfried Oren N.
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the preoperative patient characteristics that affect surgical decision-making when selecting an anterior or posterior operative approach in patients diagnosed with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

METHODS

This was a multi-institutional, retrospective study of the prospective Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy module. Patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with primary CSM who underwent multilevel (≥ 2-level) elective surgery were included. Demographics and baseline clinical characteristics were collected.

RESULTS

Of the 841 patients with CSM in the database, 492 (58.5%) underwent multilevel anterior surgery and 349 (41.5%) underwent multilevel posterior surgery. Surgeons more often performed a posterior surgical approach in older patients (mean 64.8 ± 10.6 vs 58.5 ± 11.1 years, p < 0.001) and those with a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists class (class III or IV: 52.4% vs 46.3%, p = 0.003), a higher rate of motor deficit (67.0% vs 58.7%, p = 0.014), worse myelopathy (mean modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score 11.4 ± 3.1 vs 12.4 ± 2.6, p < 0.001), and more levels treated (4.3 ± 1.3 vs 2.4 ± 0.6, p < 0.001). On the other hand, surgeons more frequently performed an anterior surgical approach when patients were employed (47.2% vs 23.2%, p < 0.001) and had intervertebral disc herniation as an underlying pathology (30.7% vs 9.2%, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The selection of approach for patients with CSM depends on patient demographics and symptomology. Posterior surgery was performed in patients who were older and had worse systemic disease, increased myelopathy, and greater levels of stenosis. Anterior surgery was more often performed in patients who were employed and had intervertebral disc herniation.
Risk factor analysis of refracture in the same cemented vertebra after percutaneous kyphoplasty for Kümmell’s disease
Authors: Chen Tangyiheng , Chu Genglei , Qu Yimeng , Wang Yujie , Lin Cheng , Hu Nan , Yang Huilin , Li Xuefeng , Jiang Weimin , Liu Yijie
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors that affect refracture in the same cemented vertebra after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for Kümmell’s disease (KD) and establish a risk prediction score.

METHODS

A total of 2932 patients who were treated with PKP for KD between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 191 patients were included in the study. According to the criteria for refracture, there were 50 patients in the refracture group and 141 patients in the no-refracture group. Twenty-five factors were analyzed. Patient demographics, medical history, imaging data, surgical data, and postoperative management were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to identify the independent risk factors for refracture. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess and establish a risk score system and further predict the risk of refracture.

RESULTS

In this study, 50 (26.2%) patients developed a refracture. Through univariate analysis, bone mineral density (BMD) (p < 0.001), compression rate (p = 0.007), classification (i.e., the stages determined by the compression ratios) (p < 0.001), bone cement volume (p < 0.001), volume fraction (p < 0.001), distribution pattern (p = 0.007), non-PMMA endplate contact (p < 0.001), and anti-osteoporosis therapy (p < 0.001) were found to be significant factors for post-cement vertebral refracture after PKP in patients with KD. Three independent risk factors were found to be significant for refracture: small volume fraction, low BMD, and no anti-osteoporosis therapy. One point was assigned for each factor. The incidence rates of refracture in patients with scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 were 3.7%, 4.4%, 42.0%, and 100%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for this risk prediction score was 0.888 (p < 0.001), indicating moderate accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS

Volume fraction, BMD, and osteoporosis therapy are the main factors influencing the refracture of the same cemented vertebra in KD. On the basis of these factors, the risk prediction score developed in this paper can be used to forecast the incidence of refracture.
Efficacy of intraoperative visual evoked potential amplitude reduction in predicting visual outcome after extended endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Tao Xiaorong , Fan Xing , Gui Songbai , Liu Jiajia , Yang Xiaocui , Li Ke , Yang Jun , Li Chuzhong , Qiao Hui
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

Postoperative visual outcome is a major concern of neurosurgeons for patients with craniopharyngiomas. The current study aimed to investigate the value of visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitude reduction (N75-P100 and P100-N145) for predicting postoperative visual dysfunction (POVD) and refining current warning criteria for VEP monitoring.

METHODS

Data from 96 patients who underwent the extended endoscopic endonasal approach for craniopharyngiomas between October 2020 and November 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. VEP amplitude reduction ratios were calculated and compared between patients with POVD and those without. Subsequently, the critical threshold values of VEP amplitude reduction ratios for predicting POVD were obtained through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Finally, multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the effect of potential factors on the probability of experiencing POVD.

RESULTS

Both N75-P100 and P100-N145 amplitude reduction ratios were significantly higher in patients with POVD (p < 0.001 for both). The threshold value of the N75-P100 amplitude reduction ratio for predicting POVD was 51.76% with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.816 (p < 0.001), while the threshold value of the P100-N145 amplitude reduction ratio was 38.80% with an AUC of 0.738 (p < 0.001). Both N75-P100 and P100-N145 amplitude reduction ratios were identified as independent predictors for POVD via multivariate analysis (p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Both N75-P100 and P100-N145 amplitude reduction ratios showed great potential to be indicators for POVD in patients with craniopharyngiomas. Regarding warning criteria for VEP monitoring, the authors recommend that both N75-P100 and P100-N145 amplitude reduction should be considered, with early warning criteria of a 50% reduction for N75-P100 amplitude and/or a 40% reduction for P100-N145 amplitude.
Long-term outcomes of deep pediatric arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Agarwal Prateek , Sharma Nikhil , Nayar Gautam , Jacobs Rachel C. , Al-Bayati Alhamza , Lunsford L. Dade , McDowell Michael M. , Greene Stephanie
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

Multimodality treatment has been shown to be the optimal management strategy for pediatric arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Deep AVMs represent a subset of AVMs for which optimal management may be achieved with a combination of radiosurgery and highly selective embolization, in the absence of compelling features requiring operative intervention. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of good functional outcomes in pediatric patients with deep AVMs.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study of the outcomes of 79 patients with deep AVMs from January 1988 through December 2021 was performed. Deep AVMs were defined as those with the majority of the nidus centered in the basal ganglia, thalamus, or brainstem. Collected data included patient demographics and presenting symptoms, presenting modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, radiographic findings and outcomes, management strategy, complications, and clinical outcomes as indicated by follow-up mRS score. A good outcome was defined as a follow-up mRS score ≤ 2, while a poor outcome was defined as a follow-up mRS score ≥ 3. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors associated with functional outcomes.

RESULTS

With a mean follow-up duration of 85.6 months, there was a 72.2% angiographic obliteration rate, with 75.9% of patients having a good clinical outcome (mRS score ≤ 2). Presenting symptoms and radiographic characteristics were not significantly associated with long-term functional outcomes. There was a significantly higher rate of posttreatment hemorrhage in patients with a poor versus good outcome (11.8% vs 0%, p = 0.010). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, poor long-term functional outcome was only associated with poor presenting mRS score (p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS

Satisfactory angiographic obliteration rates and good long-term functional outcomes can be achieved for deep AVMs, with stereotactic radiosurgery as the cornerstone of multimodality treatment.
Reducing the rate of surgical site infection using iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision draping in spine surgery compared with standard adhesive incision draping: a study in 2279 patients
Authors: Gencer Aylin , Schichor Christian , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Siller Sebastian
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

While adhesive incision drapes are widely used for reducing surgical site infection (SSI), evidence remains scarce on whether impregnated adhesive incision draping can further reduce the rate of SSI in spine surgery.

METHODS

All patients treated surgically in the authors’ high-volume university spine center from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively evaluated and divided into cohorts treated before (the control cohort) and after (the study cohort) introduction of an iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision drape (instead of a standard nonimpregnated adhesive incision drape) at their institute. Epidemiological aspects, baseline characteristics, operative records, and rate and characteristics of postoperative SSI were analyzed and compared between cohorts.

RESULTS

Two thousand two hundred seventy-nine consecutively treated patients were included, with an overall SSI rate of 0.5%. Baseline patient findings and surgical characteristics (including indication, localization, procedure, and duration of surgery) did not significantly differ between the 1125 patients in the control cohort and the 1154 patients in the study cohort. Uni- and multivariate analyses showed that use of an iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision drape was the only factor significantly associated with a lower risk of SSI. The SSI rate was significantly lower in the study cohort (0.2% vs 0.8%, p = 0.036). While germs of the skin microbiome such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus were predominantly prevalent in both cohorts, fecal germs such as Enterococcus/Enterobacter species were found only in the control cohort and not in the study cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of iodophor-impregnated adhesive incision drapes in spine surgery can help to lower the rate of postoperative SSI and aid in reducing the risk of fecal germ infections.