bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exceptional point based lattice gyroscopes
Authors: Izadparast Masoumeh , Naik Gururaj V. , Everitt Henry O. , Ramezani Hamidreza
Published: April 2023

Ring laser gyroscopes (RLGs) based on non-Hermitian exceptional points (EPs) have garnered much recent interest due to their exceptional sensitivity. Such gyroscopes typically consist of two-ring laser resonators, one with loss and one with an equal amount of optical gain. The coupling strength between these ring resonators is a key parameter determining the sensitivity of EP-based RLGs. Here we explore how the exceptional sensitivity demonstrated in this coupled dimer may be further enhanced by adding more dimers in an array. Specifically, we propose two types of ring laser gyroscope lattice arrays, each composed of N coupled dimers arrayed serially or concentrically with periodic boundary conditions, that guide counter-propagating photons in a rotating frame. Using coupled mode theory, we show that these lattice gyroscopes exhibit an enhanced effective coupling rate between the gain and loss resonators at the EP, thereby producing greater sensitivity to the angular rotation rate than their constituent dimers. This work paves the way toward EP-based RLGs with the necessary sensitivity for GPS-free navigation.
An intriguing interpretation of Cosine beams
Authors: Allam Srinivasa Rao
Published: April 2023

We provide a simple analysis based on ray optics and Dirac notation for one and two-dimensional Cosine beams. We then went on to understand the properties of the Bessel beams. For the first time, we report on a generation of three-dimensional needle structures based on interference of one-dimensional Cosine beams. Straightforward mathematical calculations are used to derive the analytical expressions for Cosine beams. The present method of demonstration of Cosine beams may be utilized to understand other structured modes. The Dirac notation-based interference explanation used here can render new researchers to discover an easy way to understand the wave nature of light in fundamental interferometric experiments as well as in advanced-level experiments such as beam engineering technology, imaging, particle manipulation, light sheet microscopy, and light-matter interaction. We also provide an in-depth analysis of similarities among Cosine, Bessel, and Hermite-Gaussian beams.
Biotechnology: Overcoming biological barriers to nucleic acid delivery using lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Hamilton Alex G. , Swingle Kelsey L. , Mitchell Michael J.
Published: April 2023

The promise of therapeutic nucleic acids has long been tempered by difficulty in overcoming biological barriers to their delivery. The past two decades have seen the development of ionizable lipid nanoparticles as a vehicle for nucleic acid delivery and their translation to the clinic.
Consensus-building during the Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly (BBF) initiative in Samoa: A qualitative content analysis
Authors: Daiy Katherine , Arslanian Kendall , Choy Courtney , Manuele-Magele Analosa , Soti-Ulberg Christina , Hromi-Fiedler Amber , Hawley Nicola , Pérez-Escamilla Rafael
Published: April 2023

The Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly (BBF) initiative provides countries with an evidence-based toolbox to improve the national breastfeeding environment by assessing and developing a plan to effectively scale up well-coordinated national policies and programs. BBF is carried out by a multi-institutional, intersectoral committee of experts, convening across five committee meetings designed to produce policy recommendations that can be implemented in the country’s context. Samoa successfully completed the BBF initiative in 2018, resulting in the institution of breastfeeding policy in hospitals and the establishment of lactation rooms within government ministries. An important step in informing the success of future breastfeeding scale-up initiatives is understanding how consensus is built. This study aimed to investigate how the BBF Samoa committee built consensus. We conducted a content analysis of audio recordings of three BBF Samoa meetings (meetings 1, 2 and 4), meeting minutes, and meeting notes using an a priori operational consensus-building framework. We used a combination of deductive and inductive approaches to: a) evaluate the data against existing, a priori criteria for consensus-building and b) identify emergent ways in which the BBF Samoa committee may have achieved consensus. We identified 6 themes, 2 meta-subthemes, and 16 subthemes. The 6 themes, largely defined by the a priori framework, represented key components of successful consensus-building. The 2 meta-subthemes described two overarching methods of consensus-building: “process-led” (i.e., inherent to the BBF process itself) and “organic” (unique/specific to the committee). Lastly, the 16 subthemes described more specific ways that the committee reached consensus. The detailed manualization of the BBF process, its reliance on data, and its transparent and engaged committee process were key for reaching consensus on BBF scores and recommendations in Samoa. Our study contributes to the understanding of how effective breastfeeding policy recommendations are made, using a methodology that can be applied beyond the topic of breastfeeding.
Effect of the time to antivenom administration on recovery from snakebite envenoming-related coagulopathy in French Guiana
Authors: Houcke Stéphanie , Pujo Jean Marc , Vauquelin Segolene , Lontsi Ngoula Guy Roger , Matheus Severine , NkontCho Flaubert , Pierre-Demar Magalie , Gutiérrez José María , Resiere Dabor , Hommel Didier , Kallel Hatem
Published: April 2023

Background

Snakebite (SB) envenoming is an acute emergency requiring an early care delivery. We aimed to search for the time to reach healthcare facilities in various regions of French Guiana (FG) and to assess the impact of time to antivenom (AV) on the correction of coagulation parameters in these patients.

Methodology

This is a prospective observational study conducted in Cayenne General Hospital between January 1st, 2016, and July 31st, 2022. We included all patients hospitalized for SB envenoming less than 48h after the bite, and receiving antivenom (AV). We assessed the time lapse between SB and medical attention and the time needed to return of the coagulation parameters to normal.

Principal findings

Overall, 119 patients were investigated, and 48.7% were from remote areas. The median time from SB to AV therapy was 09:15 h (05:32–17:47). The time was longer in patients from remote rural locations. AV was dispensed within the first six hours after the SB in 45 cases (37.8%). Time from SB to reaching normal plasma fibrinogen concentration was 23:27 h (20:00–27:10) in patients receiving AV≤6h vs. 31:23 h (24:00–45:05) in those receiving AV>6h (p<0.001). Whereas, the time from AV administration to reach normal fibrinogen dosage was similar in the two groups.

Conclusions

Patients from rural settings in FG suffer from a delay in AV administration after SB envenoming leading to an extended time in which patients are coagulopathic. Once AV is administered, clotting parameters recover at a similar rate. Supplying remote healthcare facilities with AV and with medical teams trained on its use should be planned.
Changes in consumer purchasing patterns at New York City chain restaurants following adoption of the sodium warning icon rule, 2015–2017
Authors: Prasad Divya , Jasek John P. , Anekwe Amaka V. , Dominianni Christine , Mezzacca Tamar Adjoian , Sisti Julia S. , Farley Shannon M. , Kessler Kimberly
Published: April 2023

In 2016, New York City (NYC) began enforcing a sodium warning regulation at chain restaurants, requiring placement of an icon next to any menu item containing ≥2,300 mg sodium. As shifts in consumer purchases are a potential outcome of menu labeling, we investigated whether high-sodium purchases from NYC chains changed following policy implementation. Using receipts for verification, consumer purchases were assessed at 2 full-service (FSR) and 2 quick-service (QSR) chain restaurants in NYC and Yonkers, NY, which did not implement sodium menu labeling, in 2015 and 2017. Primary outcomes included the proportion of respondents purchasing high-sodium item(s) (containing ≥2,300 mg sodium) and mean sodium content of purchases; changes were assessed by difference-in-difference regression models, adjusted for demographic and location co-variates. At both FSR and QSR, there was not a significant change in the proportion of NYC respondents purchasing 1 or more high-sodium items, relative to Yonkers (FSR difference-in-difference: -4.6%, p = 0.364; QSR difference-in-difference: -8.9%, p = 0.196). Among NYC FSR respondents, mean sodium content of purchases significantly declined compared to Yonkers (difference-in-difference: -524 mg, p = 0.012); no changes in mean sodium were observed among QSR participants (difference-in-difference: 258 mg, p = 0.185). Although there was a reduction in mean sodium content of purchases among NYC FSR patrons following sodium warning icon implementation, the mechanism behind the relatively larger NYC decline is unknown.
Does e-commerce really matter on international trade of Asian countries: Evidence from panel data
Authors: Shanmugalingam Praveen , Shanmuganeshan Ahashraaj , Manorajan Abinaya , Kugathasan Mathusany , Pathirana Geethma Yahani
Published: April 2023

Over the decades, technology has become an essential indicator to actively participate in the economic growth of nations. The usage of technology and e-commerce had created a new pathway to improve trade in Asian countries. This study seeks to verify the linkage between e-commerce and international trade. The annual data for panel data regression analysis were collected from the World Bank covering 38 Asian countries for 11 years, from 2010 to 2020. This study applied a set of estimation procedures such as descriptive statistic, correlation matrix, stationary test (Levin–Lin–Chu test, Breitung test, Augmented Dickey Fuller test, Harris–Tzavalis and Im–Pesaran–Shin test), Kao cointegration test, autocorrelation test and heteroskedasticity test. The two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator was employed for dynamic panel data analysis. Empirical findings show that e-commerce significantly impacts the international trade of Asian countries. Governments of Asian countries should employ policies related to telecommunication technologies for e-commerce improvement and realize/ reap potential benefits from international trade.
The relationship between physicians’ self-kindness and professional fulfillment and the mediating role of personal resilience and work-home interference: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bogerd Rosa , Debets Maarten P. M. , Keuken Debby G. , Hassink Rutger J. , Henriques José P. S. , Lombarts Kiki M. J. M. H.
Published: April 2023

Background

Professional fulfillment is crucial for physicians’ well-being and optimal patient care. Highly demanding work environments, perfectionism and self-critical attitudes jeopardize physicians’ professional fulfillment.

Objective

To explore to what extent a kinder attitude towards the self, i.e. self-kindness, was associated with physicians’ professional fulfillment and whether this relationship was mediated by personal resilience and work-home interference.

Methods

In 2020, cardiologists (n = 374) in the Netherlands participated in a web-based survey. Self-kindness was measured by the self-kindness subscale of the Self-Compassion Scale, personal resilience by the Brief Resilience Scale, work-home interference by the negative Work-Home Interference subscale of the Survey Work-Home Interaction–Nijmegen, and professional fulfillment by the corresponding subscale of the Professional Fulfillment Index. Using Hayes’ SPSS macro PROCESS v3.5, the authors tested the parallel mediation model.

Results

Self-kindness was not directly associated with professional fulfillment (direct effect = .042, p = .36, 95% CI: -0.048, 0.132). Self-kindness was indirectly related to professional fulfillment through individual resilience (indirect effect = .049, 95% CI: .020, 0.086) and work-home interference (indirect effect = .057, 95% CI: .023, 096).

Conclusions

This study suggests that improving physicians’ self-kindness may enhance professional fulfillment through personal resilience and work-home interference. Our findings may stimulate and remind physicians to be kind towards themselves as it may benefit them and their patients.
Starchy staples production shortfalls in Ghana: Technical inefficiency effects outweigh technological differences across ecologies
Authors: Ansah Isaac Gershon Kodwo , Appiah-Twumasi Mark , Tsiboe Francis
Published: April 2023

Starchy staples are a major source of livelihood support for farmers, traders, and processors who participate in these crops’ value chains, while also providing staple food to many people, especially the less affluent in society. Despite this position, the productivity figures of starchy staples are low. We use a unique data set and meta-frontier efficiency analysis to assess whether the production shortfalls of major starchy staple crops in Ghana could be attributed to technical inefficiency, technology gaps or both. Results show strong evidence of about 50% production shortfall for cassava, yam, cocoyam, and plantain. For cassava production, the Guinea Savannah zone has the most superior technology, with a technology gap ratio of 0.92, while yam production is more technically efficient in the Sudan Savannah zone, with a technical efficiency score of 0.67. Cocoyam production is more technically efficient (0.56) in the Transition zone, but yam is more technically efficiently produced in the Coastal Savannah zone of Ghana. These results show that production shortfall is more influenced by pure farmer technical inefficiencies (about 45%) rather than by technology gaps (about 20%) along ecological lines. Thus, the sector could benefit from improvements in farmer managerial skills and efficient use of existing technologies.
Development and evaluation of an extra-curricular programme focussing on high impact career opportunities for medical professionals
Authors: Bansal Akhil , Pusey Joseph , Shah Rahul , Tolley Abraham
Published: April 2023

Background

Many medical professionals seek to do good through their careers, which may involve pursuing non-clinical options such as research, policy, or education in addition to clinical work. Working out which paths will lead to the largest social impact is a challenging question and of interest to many doctors. However, there are few, if any, services that use an impact-oriented framework to support doctors who want to make career decisions based on impact.

Objectives

To describe the development of an 8-week fellowship programme to introduce medical professionals to careers paths and focus areas which could lead to a particularly large social impact. And to evaluate the programme in terms of engagement, utility, changes in knowledge and career attitudes of participants.

Methods

The ADDIE instructional design model was used to design and evaluate this fellowship programme. An 8-week curriculum was designed by medical professionals and delivered to medical students and doctors around the world utilising a flipped learning style. Quantitative and qualitative data on the programme were collected and analysed.

Results

There was more demand for the programme than anticipated. We found that the fellowship was engaging and useful to medical students and doctors. It resulted in an increase in knowledge and skills on how to consider impact in one’s own career and a change in participants’ attitudes and behaviours, with some participants making changes to their career and charitable giving following the programme.

Conclusions

We believe an impact-orientated, practical co-curricular programme is valuable to medical professionals exploring impactful career options and there is demand for further programmes in this space.
Leaving no disease behind: The roadmap to securing universal health security and what this means for the surveillance of infectious diseases in Ghana as a precedent for sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Mahama Peter N-jonaam , Kabo-bah Amos Tiereyangn , Falchetta Giacomo , Blanford Justine I. , Yamba Edmund Ilimoan , Antwi-Agyei Prince , Asiedu-Bekoe Franklin , Awuah Esi , Yieri Justin
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Ghana is the first country in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to aim for universal health coverage (UHC). Based on Ghana’s UHC system, the accessibility and distribution of healthcare facilities were evaluated for 2020. Projecting into 2030, this study aimed at providing geographical information data for guiding future policies on siting required healthcare facilities. Ghana as a precedent for SSA was evaluated and proposed to “leave no disease behind” in the surveillance of infectious diseases (IDs). This is to reinforce the sustainable development goals (SDG) 3 agenda on health that underpins monitoring equity in “leaving no one behind.”

Methods

Geospatial accessibility, travel time data, and algorithms were employed to evaluate the universality and accessibility of healthcare facilities, and their future projections to meet UHC by 2030. Healthcare facilities as surveillance sites were compared to community-based surveillance to identify which would be more applicable as a surveillance system to leave no disease behind in Ghana.

Findings

Ghana has 93.8%, 6.1% and 0.1% as primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities respectively. It has 26.1% of healthcare facilities remaining to meet the SDG 3 health target by 2030. In terms of providing quality healthcare, 29.3% and 67.2% of the additional required healthcare facilities for optimal allocation and achieving the UHC target need to be secondary and tertiary respectively. In assessing the broad spectrum of IDs studied from 2000 to 2020, an average of 226 IDs were endemic or potentially endemic to Ghana. The majority of the studies carried out to identify these IDs were done through community-based surveillance.

Conclusion

Establishing community-based surveillance sites to leave no disease behind and also providing the required healthcare facilities to reinforce leaving no one behind will enhance the universal health security of Ghana as a precedent for SSA.
The California Gothic in Fiction and Film, Bernice Murphy (2022)
Authors: Edelman Diana Pérez
Published: April 2023

Review of: The California Gothic in Fiction and Film, Bernice Murphy (2022)

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 320 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47449-786-2, h/bk, £90.00
Politics through machine eyes: What computer vision allows us to see
Authors: Bucy Erik P.
Published: April 2023

Computer vision techniques have recently burst onto the scene in visual political communication research, dramatically extending the scope of digital image and video analysis. Over the last five years, in particular, papers featuring computational methods have grown in frequency and breadth, appearing in a variety of journals across different disciplines, ranging from the digital humanities and social semiotics to political communication and data science. Topics have been equally expansive and include large scale examinations of political protest, candidate self-presentation style and partisan symbolism, affective polarization, gender stereotypes, debate performances and voter impression formation, public policy, electoral fraud, and topics outside of conventional politics such as extremist propaganda. In this article, each of these areas of investigation are briefly reviewed for the insights they are revealing about political visuals as well as the tools and techniques employed. Ethical considerations are also explored to highlight some of the tradeoffs inherent in research involving computational analysis of political visuals.
Deslealtad y súplica en la Odisea: análisis pragmático de Od. 22.312-370
Authors: Martos Fornieles Marina
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo analiza tres actos de habla de súplica que se producen de manera correlativa en Od. 22.312-370 entre Odiseo y tres de sus sirvientes, que él considera, en principio, desleales. Las secuencias de actos de habla de súplica presentan una serie de estrategias sintácticas y pragmáticas que tienen como fin garantizar el éxito de los propósitos del hablante. Se expone aquí un análisis de dichas estrategias, lo que permitirá determinar, entre otros factores, el estilo o estilos comunicativos de las intervenciones de cada personaje. Para ello, se describirán estos tres actos de habla de súplica desde un punto de vista pragmático, partiendo de la teoría del llamado estilo comunicativo.
Ritos que se dictan: oralidad y escritura de los textos mágicos hititas
Authors: Álvarez-Pedrosa Juan Antonio
Published: April 2023

Muchos de los informes de rituales curativos basados en el principio de la magia analógica conservados en los archivos de Boğazköy están atribuidos a magas, muchas de ellas de origen extranjero y de lengua luvita o hurrita. Estas eran analfabetas, por lo que la primera redacción del ritual tuvo que basarse en un dictado de la maga. En el presente artículo analizaremos las pruebas de dicho dictado, que incluyen: rasgos propios de la oralidad que han quedado reflejados en la puesta por escrito del texto resultante; interferencias entre la especialista ritual autora del ritual, el traductor y el escriba; y pruebas del carácter bilingüe de la relación entre la transmisora y el escriba.
G. Carrasco Serrano (coord.), Religión y cultos en la Meseta sur de Hispania durante época romana
Authors: Ortiz de Bruguera Jorge
Published: April 2023

La presente monografía, suma de las ponencias que tuvieron lugar en el coloquio sobre Cultos y religión romana en Castilla-La Mancha, que se celebró en la Facultad de Letras de Ciudad Real, durante los días 26-27 de septiembre de 2019, y que fue organizado por Gregorio Carrasco Serrano, ofrece un estado de la cuestión, así como una revisión y puesta el día, sobre cómo fueron evolucionando los cultos en la Meseta Sur de Hispania durante la época de la dominación romana. Para ello, los diversos autores no solo recurren a los datos proporcionados por los nuevos hallazgos, sino a las consideraciones introducidas por los más recientes enfoques metodológicos y a un amplio abanico de fuentes, a saber, las epigráficas, las arqueológicas, las literarias, etc. El resultado de todo lo anterior, es que lo relativo a los cultos romanos en esta parte de la Meseta se ha abordado desde una gran variedad de puntos de puntos vista, que no solo se ciñen a cómo los dioses viejos fueron dejando paso a los nuevos, sino a cómo la nueva religión tuvo sus repercusiones en muchos otros ámbitos, desde el político hasta la propia forma de concebir y organizar las ciudades.
inscripción votiva de Monteagudo, Navarra (CIL II 2990)
Authors: Díaz ariño Borja , Jordán Cólera Carlos
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo se ofrece una nueva propuesta de lectura del antropónimo mencionado en la inscripción votiva CIL II 2990 procedente de la localidad navarra de Monteagudo y se exploran sus posibles paralelos onomásticos.
Elementos para una etnografía de la comunicación en las lenguas paleohispánicas
Authors: Luján Martínez Eugenio
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo se explora la posibilidad de aplicar los métodos de la etnografía de la comunicación al estudio de las lenguas paleohispánicas, a pesar de que se trata de lenguas de testimonio fragmentario y con un corpus muy limitado de textos. A tal fin se desarrollan, en perspectiva comparada, cuatro casos de estudio centrados en la comunicación mediante carta, las inscripciones funerarias, las téseras de hospitalidad y el lusitano como lengua de uso religioso y ritual.
GEOSPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSES OF RURAL AREA FOR VEGETATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Raeva Paulina , Pavelka Jr. Karel
Published: April 2023

The current paper aims at presenting multitemporal monitoring of two crop fields using close-range aerial photogrammetric techniques with a combination of different sensors. A fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle was used to map the crops regularly in 2016 and 2017. The goal of the following study is to show the experimental results of an enhanced keypoint number extraction of NIR and TIR images and the importance of radiometric calibration of close-range data.
O ensino da leitura com o gênero tirinha a partir da Linguística do Texto
Authors: Gonçalves Andriele Bairros , Coelho Naura Letícia Nascimento
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a reelaboração de uma atividade para a disciplina de Língua Portuguesa envolvendo interpretação através do  gênero tirinha que encontra-se no livro didático de Língua Portuguesa, do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental, disponibilizado à turma durante o ano letivo de 2020. O objetivo foi realizar uma análise da atividade para, a partir dessa, propor uma nova perspectiva interpretativa e também a ampliação da mesma, levando em consideração o ensino de leitura teorizado na Linguística do Texto (doravante LT). Para fundamentar tal prática, recorreu-se ao aporte teórico de Koch (2015) na  LT, a fim de subsidiar as discussões propostas; contribuíram também Schneuwly et al. (2004), Koch e Elias (2014b), Köche e Marinello (2015)  para o ensino de gêneros textuais, e Koch e Elias (2014a) para o trabalho com leitura. Considerando a metodologia qualitativa, a qual permite considerar o contexto de aprendizagem dos estudantes, foi possível a (re)significação da atividade do livro didático, dado que, ao elaborar a ampliação de uma atividade pronta do livro, percebe-se o quão é pertinente trabalhar com a LT em sala de aula, uma vez que a teoria admite potencializar e ampliar as propostas de leitura e interpretação presentes nos livros didáticos.
ASPECTOS REGULATÓRIOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS VETERINÁRIOS EM ESCALA MAGISTRAL E INDUSTRIAL
Authors: De Jesus Larissa Ferreira , De Andrade Diego Fontana , Paese Karina
Published: April 2023

O segmento de produtos para saúde animal tem crescido constantemente, refletindo em um aumento na produção de medicamentos veterinários e preparações magistrais veterinárias. Neste cenário, uma análise crítica do arcabouço legal ao exercício da farmácia veterinária é necessária. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa, por meio da busca por artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e Scielo, além de uma consulta ao ordenamento jurídico vigente pertinente ao tema. Foram recuperados 193 documentos, entre artigos científicos e normas jurídicas. Após os processos de triagem e avaliação da elegibilidade, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente estabelecidos, 36 referências foram incluídas na revisão. A análise da literatura demonstra que a preparação magistral veterinária se destaca pela possibilidade de personalizar produtos para cada animal, sendo atribuição do farmacêutico avaliar a prescrição, manipular, supervisionar e orientar quanto ao uso da formulação prescrita. Na indústria de medicamentos veterinários, embora a legislação faculte aos médicos veterinários atuarem como responsáveis técnicos, tanto pelos produtos farmacêuticos quanto pelos estabelecimentos que os produzem, se consideradas as particularidades da formação técnico-científica, o farmacêutico é o profissional que se mostra mais capacitado para assumir esse papel. Dessa forma, ao revisar as normas legais e infralegais referentes à farmácia veterinária, constata-se a necessidade de uma reestruturação das normas administrativas vigentes.
QUAIS SÃO AS BARREIRAS QUE O FARMACÊUTICO PODE ENFRENTAR NA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO TRATAMENTO DIRETO OBSERVADOR CONTRA A TUBERCULOSE?
Authors: Rocha Jaqueline Alves Ribeiro , Carneiro Andresa dos Reis , Capobiango Sandra Aparecida Oliveira , Costa-Oliveira Claudete , Ramos Ygor Jessé
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo esclarecer quais são as diversas barreiras que o farmacêutico pode enfrentar no combate contra a tuberculose, utilizando como ferramenta principal o programa Tratamento Direto Observador (TDO), ofertado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), através do método de revisão integrativa. Após análise e comparação com documento oficial governamental, destacou-se a atuação do farmacêutico em benefício à diminuição do número de ocorrências e na diminuição de agravos e danos à saúde como um fator transformacional no combate à tuberculose. Foi possível destacar dez possíveis barreiras encontradas pelo farmacêutico no combate à tuberculose envolvendo o TDO. Estas perpassam questões como os fatores sociais, políticos, ambientais e econômicos, como: 1) os estigmas e preconceitos do ciclo de convivência social; 2) a desigualdade econômica do usuário; 3) a falta de esclarecimento cultural sobre a patologia; 4) o medo e os sentimentos negativos dos próprios pacientes; 5) os efeitos adversos dos medicamentos; 6) a resistência bacteriana na farmacoterapia; 7) o tempo longo de tratamento; 8) a  irresponsabilidade da equipe multidisciplinar ao paciente; 9) a política pública de saúde; e 10) o aumento de casos de abandono da terapia. Por fim, o TDO pode ser uma estratégia interessante para atuação do  profissional farmacêutico.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM PROTOCOLO DE CUIDADO FARMACÊUTICO EM IDOSOS HIPERTENSOS EM UMA FARMÁCIA COMUNITÁRIA DE JARAGUÁ DO SUL, BRASIL
Authors: Reis Ariella Ciana Ferreira Torres , Da Rosa Priscila Batista , Neis Vivian Binder
Published: April 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo implementar um modelo de cuidado farmacêutico para monitoramento do tratamento medicamentoso de idosos hipertensos em uma farmácia comunitária no município de Jaraguá do Sul, SC, Brasil. Foi utilizado o Método Dáder para seguimento farmacoterapêutico de uma amostra aleatória simples de 15 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 60 e 81 anos, diagnosticados com hipertensão. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um período de três meses, nos quais foram aplicados questionários sobre hábitos de vida, história farmacoterapêutica, adesão ao tratamento além de identificar e classificar os problemas relacionados aos medicamentos (PRM). Em todos os encontros foram verificados os níveis pressóricos, para acompanhar o efeito dos fármacos prescritos. Ao final, foi possível observar que houve redução dos níveis pressóricos de dois de grau grave e um de grau moderado para leve, um com pressão arterial limítrofe atingiu o nível de normalidade e apenas um registrou aumento da pressão arterial passando de grau leve para moderado. Os PRM tipo 1 e 4 foram os mais detectados. As intervenções educativas foram priorizadas com enfoque na orientação sobre o uso correto dos medicamentos, além do esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre medidas não farmacológicas, como controle de peso, redução do consumo de álcool e sal. Esses resultados reforçam a importância do cuidado farmacêutico para melhora da qualidade de vida dos hipertensos, melhoria dos níveis pressóricos e controle de possíveis complicações decorrentes da doença ou do uso inadequado dos fármacos.
Response surface optimization and social impact evaluation of Houttuynia cordata Thunb solar drying technology for community enterprise in Chiangrai, Thailand
Authors: Kreetachat Torpong , Imman Saksit , Suwannahong Kowit , Wongcharee Surachai , Suriyachai Nopparat
Published: April 2023

Drying has emerged as one of the most important ways of preserving high-quality and quantity food goods. A force convection solar drying is considered an ecologically and environmentally friendly alternative. This research presents parameter optimization of greenhouse tunnel dryer  of  Houttuynia cordata Thunb (H. cordata) using response surface methodology with the assessment of economic feasibility and social return on invesment. The influence parameters of the drying process were evaluated to obtain maximum efficiency. The individual parameters were temperature (40 – 60 °C), material length (10 – 30 cm), and relative humidity (30 – 50%). The individual parameters of drying temperature showed an extreme effect on the response of moisture content and color value change, while the relative humidity had only an influence on moisture content. On the other hand, the parameter of material length was not significance in both responses. When compared to open-air drying, solar drying reduced the drying time of H. cordata by 57.14%. The payback period of the dryer was found to be 2.5 years. Furthermore, the results reveal that the social return on investment ratio in 2021 was 2.18, then increasing to 2.52 in 2022 and 2.91 in 2023. According to the findings, solar drying technology has the potential to be an adequate product quality improvement technology for H. cordata. It is a feasible drying technology in terms of economic evaluation.
Superior effect of nature based solutions in soil and water management for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Nalluri Nirmala , Rama Karri Vasavi
Published: April 2023

The world's natural resources are under extreme pressure as a result of the planet's rising population and irregular climate. The two most important natural resources for agriculture are soil and water and yet another crucial factor for environmental and economic sustainability of all kinds of forestry and agriculture systems is the preservation of water and soil resources. So, there is a need to address the present global issues like water and food insecurity, biodiversity loss and livelihood risks meanwhile taking human safety and functions of the ecosystem into account. Ecosystem integrity and function are threatened globally by soil loss, where supply of important food and resources to human societies can be severely affected. Freshwater is a valuable resource and a vital media for many different economic domains and residential purposes; however its usage is often at the cost of natural habitats. Therefore, for agricultural sustainability as well as the preservation of the natural ecosystem, integrative management of soil and water resources is essential. To prevent soil and water deterioration, it is imperative to develop and adopt new technologies, use natural resources sensitively and implement appropriate management techniques. Nature-based solutions, sustainable soil and water management and ecosystem based acclimation are some of the extensively used approaches that address some of the challenges in a target aimed approach. Nature-based solutions are low price initiatives that could promote resilience in agricultural produce while reducing climatic effects and improving the environment. This review highlights various soil and water conservative strategies for agricultural sustainability.
Impact of the Swimming Practice on the Postural Balance among Tunisian Athletes
Authors: Sioud Rim , Amara Sofiene , Gaied-Chortane Sabri , Khalifa Riadh
Published: April 2023

Our Study aims were to test the impact of swimming practice on the development of postural stability among Tunisian Athletes. The analyses deal with the impact of the practice of swimming on the postural balance. They clarify the various constraints that influence the control mechanisms involved in maintaining the balance in the resort standing. Our study addresses 20 same age category male subjects (senior) returned in: an experimental group (10 swimmers, belonging to the Tunisian national team) and a control (no sports group 10). For this study we used the Neurocom version 8.0.2 system: scale Master® consisting of a flat form of force connected to a string of data to measure the speed of oscillation of the center of pressure in strong support bipedal, eyes open on ground. The results obtained showed no direct effect of the swimming practice on postural stability of Tunisian athletes. In fact swimming poses the need to evolve in an environment different from that in which any subject has built his balance, his motor skills of every day, the latter two are insured through the muscles; so balance follows the permanent integration of information transmitted by three receiving systems: Visual, proprioceptive and vestibular.
Mathematics First: Russell’s Methodological Response to Bradley
Authors: Spinney Oliver Thomas
Published: April 2023

In this article I examine the dispute between F. H. Bradley and Bertrand Russell concerning the reality of relations. I show that Bradley’s objections to Russell’s view, that there are such things as relations which serve to effect the unity of complex items, were rooted in a methodological approach which Russell did not share. On Bradley’s view, one must be able to offer reductive analyses of the items one postulates in order that commitment to those items be justified. I argue that Russell expressly rejected this methodological principle of Bradley’s, and instead adopted the view that one may justifiably postulate entities if doing so aids in the illumination of mathematical truths. I show that the postulation of relations does, on Russell’s view, serve to provide that illumination. Russell held that the truths of mathematics constitute fixed data, and that philosophical positions may be judged as successful according to the extent that they possess explanatory power with respect to this data. I argue that Bradley’s and Russell’s exchanges in print, as well as in private correspondence, reflect Russell’s awareness of a fundamental difference in methodological approach. I conclude that Russell elected not to answer Bradley’s objections on their own terms, but rather rejected the methodological assumptions from which those objections emerged.
Upregulation of UBR1 m6A Methylation by METTL14 Inhibits Autophagy in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Wang Changsheng , Zhu Xitian , Chen Rongsheng , Zhang Xiaobo , Lian Nancheng
Published: April 2023

Gene Expression Omnibus database shows significantly downregulated expression of ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component N-recognin 1 (UBR1) in spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of UBR1 in SCI. Following the establishment of SCI models in rats and PC12 cells, Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) score and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining were used to evaluate SCI. The localization of NeuN/LC3 and the expression of LC3II/I, Beclin-1, and p62 were detected to assess autophagy. The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 was detected and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling staining was employed to determine the changes in apoptosis. The N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) modification level of UBR1 was analyzed by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, and the binding of METTL14 and UBR1 mRNA was analyzed by photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation. UBR1 was poorly expressed, and METTL14 was highly expressed in rat and cell models of SCI. UBR1 overexpression or METTL14 knock-down enhanced motor function in rats with SCI. Moreover, this modification increased Nissl bodies and autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in the spinal cord of SCI rats. METTL14 silencing reduced the m6A modification level of UBR1 and enhanced UBR1 expression. Importantly, UBR1 knock-down nullified METTL14 knock-down-induced autophagy promotion and apoptosis reduction. The METTL14-catalyzed m6A methylation of UBR1 promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in SCI.
Rescue of Long-Term Spatial Memory by 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone in Mice with Reduced Oligodendrogenesis
Authors: Rawlings-Mortimer Florence , Johansen-Berg Heidi
Published: April 2023

Oligodendrogenesis is the process by which new oligodendrocytes are produced in the CNS. Oligodendrocytes form myelin, which has a vital role in neural signal transmission and integration. Here we tested mice with reduced adult oligodendrogenesis in the Morris water maze, a test of spatial learning. These mice were found to have impaired long-term (28 d) spatial memory. However, when 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) was administered immediately after each training session, their long-term spatial memory impairment was rescued. An increase in the number of newly formed oligodendrocytes in the corpus callosum was also observed. 7,8-DHF has previously been shown to improve spatial memory in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, Wolfram syndrome and Down syndrome, as well as in normal aging. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the effect of this drug on spatial memory is therefore helpful in assessing it for clinical relevance and development.
Extensive Phenomenological Overlap Between Training-Induced and Naturally-Occurring Synaesthetic Experiences
Authors: Schwartzman David J , Oblak Ales , Rothen Nicolas , Bor Daniel , Seth Anil K
Published: April 2023

Synaesthesia is a condition defined by additional perceptual experiences, which are automatically and consistently triggered by specific inducing stimuli. The associative nature of synaesthesia has motivated attempts to induce synaesthesia by means of associative learning. Two recent studies of this kind highlighted the potential for perceptual plasticity even in adulthood, by demonstrating that extensive associative training can generate not only behavioural and neurophysiological markers of synaesthesia, but also synaesthesia-like phenomenology. However, while the results of these studies provided tantalising evidence that a learning component may be involved in the development of synesthetic phenomenology, they only provided superficial descriptions regarding the training-related changes in induced synaesthesia-like (Induced) experience. Therefore, it was not possible to assess how closely the phenomenology of Induced and naturally occurring grapheme-colour synaesthesia (Lifelong) overlap. Here, we addressed this question by providing a new qualitative analysis, using grounded theory, of the phenomenological changes associated with learning new perceptual phenomenology (Induced group) and comparing the descriptive similarities in colour experience to equivalent qualitative data acquired from a new group of Lifelong participants. Using this approach, we were able to directly compare associated colour experiences between the Induced and Lifelong group to assess how closely these two types of novel perceptual experience align. Our results reveal that induced and synaesthetic experience are remarkably similar, displaying a high degree of phenomenological overlap across multiple experiential categories, including: stability of experience, location of colour experience, shape of co-occurring colour experience, relative strength of colour experience and automaticity of colour experience. Our results exemplify the benefits of qualitative methods by providing new evidence that intensive training of letter-colour associations can alter conscious perceptual experiences in non-synaesthetes, and that such alterations produce synaesthesia-like phenomenology, which substantially resembles experiences described in natural grapheme-colour synaesthesia. Our results have implications for the plasticity of visual perception and the role of learning and development in establishing perceptual traits.
Attitudes to Representations of Medieval Music in Role-Playing Computer Games
Authors: Collyer Rachel
Published: April 2023

The proliferation over the past two decades of computer games that reimagine the European Middle Ages has produced a powerful agent through which medieval music is represented in popular culture. This article evaluates attitudes to the music of medieval-themed role-playing games through the framework of medievalism. Recent ludomusicological research has used musical and intertextual analyses to locate and describe medieval sonic signifiers. These signifiers borrow from cinematic and cultural conventions to inform the game player about the virtual world. While some signifiers such as plainchant are derived from music of the Middle Ages, others have acquired medieval meaning despite historical or geographical incongruencies. To measure the effectiveness of these signifiers, this research compiled audiovisual samples within a Likert-type scale to assess and to compare attitudes toward modern musical medievalisms and reconstructed medieval music in the setting of medievalist game imagery. The survey was delivered online and sampled 110 participants of varying age, gender, musical education, and gaming experience. It found that attitudes toward modern musical medievalism in games were not only favorable but were equivalent to attitudes toward reconstructed medieval music in the same setting. Higher levels of music education correlated with more critical attitudes toward either music. Notably, the length of time spent playing computer games was connected to an increasing acceptance of medievalist game music and a decreasing acceptance of reconstructed medieval music. The findings of this research indicate that computer games are potent disseminators of medievalist sound. They provide timely advice for music educators and lay the groundwork for further research into informal musical learning connected to historically inspired computer games.
Mandatory Metal Moments
Authors: Rossetti Gregory
Published: April 2023

Through a series of case studies, this article presents a framework of common musical tropes originally only found in heavy metal music. The use of aggressive “double-kick” drum grooves, galloping bass lines, harmonized melodies, and overall fast tempi are all common elements of many styles of metal that first emerged in the 1980s. Video games developed alongside this musical genre; action, platforming, and role-playing games not only embraced these distinguishing characteristics of metal music, but these tropes are now expected in games of various genres. In addition, other extra-musical topics associated with heavy metal’s lyrical themes—such as references to the occult and fantasy—are common archetypes used to build the worlds of these video games.

Studies have been conducted that examine the cultural similarities between these two cultures, the relationship of music genre with game genre and function, and the use of rock paired with sacred music specifically in battle themes. By analyzing the arrangements, treatment of melodic contours, rhythmic gestures, and harmonic progressions of these games, this article discusses and demonstrates how metal has disseminated into video game culture. There are strong connections between the fast-paced obstacles in Mega Man with the speed of Iron Maiden, the gothic horror stages of Castlevania and Baroque elegance of Yngwie Malmsteen, and how the themes from fantasy literature made their way into video game design and power metal. The worlds of these games are built on their music, but their music is built on a fusion of tropes used in heavy metal culture.
Thermoluminescence peculiarities of CdS1−xSex–doped borosilicate glasses
Authors:   Institute for Cybernetics, Tbilisi Thechnical University, 5 S.Euli 0186 Tbilisi Georgia, Edilashvili V. , Blagidze Yu. ,   Institute for Cybernetics, Tbilisi Thechnical University, 5 S.Euli 0186 Tbilisi Georgia, Gogolin O. ,   Institute for Cybernetics, Tbilisi Thechnical University, 5 S.Euli 0186 Tbilisi Georgia, Tsitsishvili E. ,   Institute for Cybernetics, Tbilisi Thechnical University, 5 S.Euli 0186 Tbilisi Georgia
Published: April 2023

Thermally stimulated luminescence of the X-ray irradiated CdSSe-doped borosilicate glases have been studied. The two well defined temperarure maxima discovered for total thermoluminescence intensity, as well as the thermoluminescence dependence on the nanocrystal size and X-ray dose are discussed.