bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuning Reactivity in Pd-Catalysed C(sp3)-H Arylations via Directing Group Modifications and Solvent Selection
Authors: Coomber Charlotte , Porter Michael , Aliev Abil , Smith Peter , Sheppard Tom
Published: May 2020

The palladium-catalysed sp3 C-H arylation of a selection of saturated amine scaffolds was investigated using substituted picolinamide directing groups. On the bornylamine scaffold, highly selective monoarylation takes place using unsubstituted picolinamide or 3-methylpicolinamide, whereas a double C-H arylation occurs with other substituents present, becoming a significant product with 3-trifluoromethylpicolinamide. DFT calculations were used to help rationalise the effect of directing groups on the C-H palladation steps which were found experimentally to be irreversible. The substituted picolinamide directing groups were also examined on acyclic amine scaffolds and in many cases increased yields and selectivity could be obtained using methylpicolinamides. For a selection of other amine scaffolds, the yield of C-H arylation could be improved significantly using 3-methylpicolinamide as the directing group and/or 3-methylpentan-3-ol as the solvent
Combined Gas Electron Diffraction and Mass Spectrometric Experimental Setup at Bielefeld University
Authors: Vishnevskiy Yury , Blomeyer Sebastian , Reuter Christian G. , Pimenov Oleg A. , Shlykov Sergey A.
Published: May 2020

We have designed and constructed a combined experimental setup for synchronous measurements of electron diffraction patterns and mass-spectra of gas samples. Test measurements have been performed for acetic acid at two temperatures, 296 and 457 K, respectively. Electron diffraction data have been analysed taking into account mass spectra measured in the same experiments. From the diffraction intensities molecular structures and mole fractions of the acetic acid monomer and dimer have been refined. The obtained results demonstrate the importance of measuring mass spectra in gas electron diffraction experiments. In particular, it is possible to detect the sample decomposition, which can be used for the optimization of experimental conditions and for the data interpretation. The determined in this work length of the hydrogen bond in the acetic acid dimer, re(O...H) = 1.657(9) Å, is in good agreement with modern theoretical predictions. We recommend to measure diffraction patterns of acetic acid for the calibration of the sample pressure in the diffraction point.
Comparing Zwitterionic and PEG Exteriors of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles
Authors: Ting Jeffrey , Marras Alexander , Mitchell Joseph , Campagna Trinity , Tirrell Matthew
Published: May 2020

A series of model polyelectrolyte complex micelles (PCMs) was prepared to investigate the consequences of neutral and zwitterionic chemistries and distinct charged cores on the size and stability of nanocarriers. Using aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, we synthesized a well-defined diblock polyelectrolyte system, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine methacrylate)-block-poly((vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium) (PMPC-PVBTMA), at various neutral and charged block lengths to compare directly against PCM structure-property relationships centered on poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly((vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium) (PEG-PVBTMA) and poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lysine) (PEG-PLK). After complexation with a common polyanion, poly(sodium acrylate), the resulting PCMs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We observed uniform assemblies of spherical micelles with a core diameter of ~40 nm when PMPC-PVBTMA was used, and smaller particles between 20-30 nm for PEG-PLK and PEG-PVBTMA via SAXS analysis. Additionally, PEG-PLK PCMs proved most resistant to dissolution by both monovalent and divalent salt, followed by PEG-PVBTMA then PMPC-PVBTMA. All micelle systems were serum stable in 100% fetal bovine serum over the course of 8 h by time-resolved DLS, demonstrating minimal interactions with serum proteins and potential as in vivo drug delivery vehicles. This thorough study of the synthesis, assembly, and characterization of zwitterionic polymers in PCMs advances the design space for charge-driven micelle assemblies.
Synthesis of Highly Enantioenriched Sulfonimidoyl Fluorides and Sulfonimidamides by Stereospecific SuFEx Reaction
Authors: Greed Stephanie , Briggs Edward L. , Idiris Fahima , White Andrew J. P. , Lücking Ulrich , Bull James
Published: May 2020

Sulfonimidamides present exciting opportunities as chiral isosteres of sulfonamides, with potential for additional directional interactions. Here we present the first modular enantioselective synthesis of sulfonimidamides, including the first stereoselective synthesis of enantioenriched sulfonimidoyl fluorides, and studies on their reactivity. A new route to sulfonimidoyl fluorides is presented from solid bench-stable, NBoc-sulfinamide salt building blocks. Enantioenriched arylsulfonimidoyl fluorides are shown to be readily racemized by fluoride ions. Conditions are developed which trap fluoride, and enable the stereospecific reaction of sulfonimidoyl fluorides with primary and secondary amines (100% es) generating sulfonimidamides with up to 99% ee. Aryl and alkyl sulfonimidoyl fluoride reagents are suitable for mild late stage functionalization reactions, exemplified by coupling with a selection of complex amines in marketed drugs.
An Unexpected Oxidative C-O Bond Formation: 11,17a-Dihydrobenzo[4,5]oxazolo[3,2-A]dinaphtho[2,1- C:1',2'-E]azepine
Authors: Abraham Michael , Honegger Philipp
Published: May 2020

Phosphoric acids bound to 3,3’-subsituted 1,1’-binaphthalene-2,2’-diol (BINOL) have found wide application as effective asymmetric catalysts. In this work, we describe our attempt to construct a new binaphthalene-based phosphoric acid 6. We found that both the key precursor 2 and the desired product 6 decay rapidly and quantitatively to a stable dihydrooxazole 3 via an O2-driven oxidative C-O bond formation.
Molecular Doping in Multi-Molecule Polymer-Dopant Complexes Shows Reduced Coulomb Binding
Authors: Dong Chuanding , Schumacher Stefan
Published: May 2020

The mechanistic study of molecular doping of organic semiconductors (OSC) requiresan improved understanding of the role and formation of integer charge transfer complexes(ICTC) on a microscopic level. In the present work we go one crucial step beyondthe simplest scenario of an isolated bi-molecular ICTC and study ICTCs formed ofup to two (poly[2,6-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b,3,4-b”]dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)](PCPDT-BT) oligomers and up to two CN6-CP molecules. We find that dependingon geometric arrangement, complexes containing two conjugated oligomers and twodopant molecules can show p-type doping with double integer charge transfer, resulting in eithertwo singly doped oligomers or one doubly doped oligomer. Interestingly, compared to an individualoligomer-dopant complex, the resulting in-gap states on the doped oligomers are significantlylowered in energy. Indicating that, already in the relatively small systems studied here, Coulombbinding of the doping-induced positive charge to the counter-ion is reduced which is an elementalstep towards generating mobile charge carriers through molecular doping.
H2 as Fuel for Flavin- and H2O2-Dependent Biocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Al-Shameri Ammar , Willot Sebastian , Paul Caroline , Hollmann Frank , Lauterbach Lars
Published: May 2020

Herein, we report a novel H2-driven regeneration system for reduced flavin cofactors. Using an O2-tolerant hydrogenase, we achieved NAD(P)H-independent, highly selective, ene-reductase-catalyzed C=C-double bond reductions, monooxygenase-catalyzed epoxidations and peroxygenase-catalyzed hydroxylations. The hydrogenase performed up to 46000 catalytic cycles and product titers of up to 22 mM have been accomplished. Overall, this system bears the promise to power flavin-dependent biocatalytic reactions with H2 in a highly atom efficient manner.
Machine Learning for Materials Scientists: An Introductory Guide Towards Best Practices
Authors: Wang Anthony , Murdock Ryan , Kauwe Steven , Oliynyk Anton , Gurlo Aleksander , Brgoch Jakoah , Persson Kristin , Sparks Taylor
Published: May 2020

This Editorial is intended for materials scientists interested in performing machine learning-centered research.

We cover broad guidelines and best practices regarding the obtaining and treatment of data, feature engineering, model training, validation, evaluation and comparison, popular repositories for materials data and benchmarking datasets, model and architecture sharing, and finally publication.In addition, we include interactive Jupyter notebooks with example Python code to demonstrate some of the concepts, workflows, and best practices discussed.

Overall, the data-driven methods and machine learning workflows and considerations are presented in a simple way, allowing interested readers to more intelligently guide their machine learning research using the suggested references, best practices, and their own materials domain expertise.
On the Accurate Description of Photoionization Dynamical Parameters
Authors: Moitra Torsha , Ponzi Aurora , Koch Henrik , Coriani Sonia , Decleva Piero
Published: May 2020

Calculation of dynamical parameters for photoionization requires an accurate description

of both initial and final states of the system, as well as of the outgoing electron.

We here show, that using a linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) B-spline density

functional (DFT) method to describe the outgoing electron, in combination with

correlated equation-of-motion coupled cluster singles and double (EOM-CCSD) Dyson

orbitals, gives good agreement with experiment and outperforms other simpler approaches,

like plane and Coulomb waves, used to describe the photoelectron. Results

are presented for cross sections, angular distributions and dichroic parameters in chiral

molecules, as well as for photoionization from excited states. We also present a comparison

with the results obtained using Hartree-Fock (HF) and density-functional theory

molecular orbitals selected according to Koopmans’ theorem for the bound states.
THỰC TRẠNG VÀ VAI TRÒ CỦA TỔ HỢP TÁC TRONG BỐI CẢNH XÂY DỰNG NÔNG THÔN MỚI TẠI THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Hoàng Trương Quang , Hùng Hoàng Gia , Tiến Võ Chí
Published: May 2020

Tóm tắt: Tổ hợp tác (THT) là tổ chức thuộc loại hình kinh tế tập thể đang được khuyến khích phát triển tại các nước đang phát triển. Ở Việt Nam, tổ hợp tác sản xuất ra đời từ những năm 1960 và có những vai trò nhất định trong sản xuất nông nghiệp. Hơn nữa, tổ hợp tác hoạt động hiệu quả được xem là một trong các tiêu chí xây dựng nông thôn mới. Tuy nhiên, hiện tại có rất ít nghiên cứu khoa học đánh giá vai trò của các THT tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu này được thiết kế để đánh giá thực trạng và vai trò của THT trong bối cảnh xây dựng nông thôn mới tại nước ta. Thông tin về thực trạng và vai trò của THT trong phát triển nông thôn mới được thu thập và phân tích. Nghiên cứu khảo sát 112 thành viên THT và phỏng vấn 13 lãnh đạo xã và 24 tổ trưởng THT. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 5 loại hình THT khác nhau đang hoạt động với quy mô và số lượng thành viên rất khác nhau gồm: (1) THT trồng trọt; (2) THT chăn nuôi/nuôi ong; (3) THT chế biến/dịch vụ; (4) THT đánh bắt/nuôi trồng thủy sản; (5) THT lâm nghiệp. Tổ hợp tác có ba vai trò chính gồm: (1) cung cấp dịch vụ đầu vào; (2) tổ chức và liên kết sản xuất; (3) cung cấp dịch vụ đầu ra. Đây là các vai trò rất quan trọng đối với phát triển nông nghiệp, đặc biệt đối với chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia về xây dựng nông thôn mới.Từ khóa: THT, vai trò, nông thôn mới, Thừa Thiên Huế
ĐÁNH GIÁ THÍCH HỢP ĐẤT ĐAI ĐỐI VỚI MỘT SỐ LOẠI HÌNH SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT NÔNG NGHIỆP TẠI THÀNH PHỐ ĐÀ LẠT, TỈNH LÂM ĐỒNG
Authors: Bình Nguyễn Văn , Phú Thi Quý , Khoa Nguyễn Phúc
Published: May 2020

Tóm tắt: Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện ở thành phố Đà Lạt nhằm đánh giá thích hợp đất đai đối với một số loại hình sử dụng đất nông nghiệp và làm cơ sở cho quy hoạch phát triển nông nghiệp bền vững. Trên cơ sở chồng ghép 5 bản đồ gồm: loại đất, thành phần cơ giới, độ dốc, tầng dày, và tưới tiêu, chúng tôi đã xác định được 48 đơn vị bản đồ đất đai, trong đó 36 đơn vị bản đồ đất đai là đất sản xuất nông nghiệp với diện tích 13.412,79 ha. Kết quả phân hạng thích hợp đất đai cho thấy các loại hình sử dụng đất sản suất nông nghiệp thích hợp với điều kiện tự nhiên và khí hậu ở thành phố Đà Lạt. Cụ thể, phần lớn diện tích đất nông nghiệp được đánh giá thích hợp ở mức thích hợp trung bình (S2) và ít thích hợp (S3) đối với loại hình sử dụng đất hoa, rau, chè, cà phê, cây ăn quả và cây lương thực. Trong tương lai, loại hình sử dụng đất có khả năng nâng hạng thích nghi từ S3 lên S2 là hoa và rau với diện tích nâng hạng lần lượt là 1.690,29 ha và 1.062,20 ha. Định hướng sử dụng đất đến năm 2030 là tăng diện tích trồng rau và hoa, giữ nguyên diện tích chè và cà phê. Sản xuất nông nghiệp ở thành phố Đà Lạt đóng vai trò quan trọng đối với cơ cấu kinh tế và xã hội, đặc biệt là loại hình sử dụng đất trồng hoa và rau.Từ khóa: Đánh giá đất, đất sản xuất nông nghiệp, loại hình sử dụng đất, thích hợp đất đai, Đà Lạt
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA ĐỘ MẶN ĐẾN TỐC ĐỘ SINH TRƯỞNG, TỶ LỆ SỐNG VÀ HỆ SỐ CHUYỂN HÓA THỨC ĂN CỦA CÁ BỐNG BỚP (Bostrychus sinensis) GIAI ĐOẠN GIỐNG
Authors: Nguyễn Huy Văn , Xinh Huỳnh Tấn , Maeda Morihiro
Published: May 2020

Tóm tắt: Đối tượng của nghiên cứu này là con giống từ 1 đến 3 tháng tuổi. Thí nghiệm được tiến hành với 4 độ mặn khác nhau gồm 5, 10, 15 và 20‰, được bố trí theo kiểu ngẫu nhiên hoàn toàn, mỗi nghiệm thức lặp lại 3 lần. Cá thí nghiệm được cho ăn cá nục gai xay nhuyễn, cho cá ăn 2 lần/ngày với lượng cho ăn bằng 5% khối lượng thân. Độ mặn khác nhau có ảnh hưởng đến tốc độ sinh trưởng và hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn của cá (p < 0,05), nhưng không ảnh hưởng đến tỷ lệ sống của cá (p > 0,05) sau 50 ngày thí nghiệm. Tốc độ sinh trưởng và hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn của cá tốt nhất khi ương trong môi trường có độ mặn 15‰, có sự khác biệt so với nghiệm thức 5‰ hoặc 20‰ nhưng không khác biệt giữa độ mặn 5, 10 và 20‰ và giữa độ mặn 10‰ và 15‰. Kết quả của thí nghiệm cho thấy có thể tiến hành ương cá bống bớp giai đoạn giống từ 1 đến 3 tháng tuổi ở độ mặn từ 10‰ đến 20‰ để đạt hiệu quả tốt nhất.Từ khóa: cá bống bớp, chuyển hóa thức ăn, độ mặn, sinh trưởng, tỷ lệ sống
Genderowe wizerunki opiekunów i opiekunek na łamach tygodników „Polityka” i „Do Rzeczy”. Analiza porównawcza
Authors: Wójcik Grzegorz
Published: May 2020

Za sprawą procesów globalizacyjnych następują dynamiczne przeobrażenia w społeczeństwie polskim wpływające na sposób pełnienia przez kobiety i mężczyzn roli opiekuna. Jednym ze sposobów socjologicznej eksploracji zjawiska opieki są przekazy medialne, w tym popularne tygodniki opinii, wskazujące na funkcjonujące wzorce społeczne i kulturowe. Zasadniczym celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza porównawcza genderowych wizerunków opiekunów i opiekunek przedstawionych na łamach dwóch tygodników opinii – „Polityki” i „Do Rzeczy” – obejmująca w obu przypadkach lata 2013–2018. Termin „wizerunek” będzie tutaj rozumiany jako proces społecznego konstruowania świata w taki sposób, aby nadać mu znaczenie. Główną techniką badań stała się ilościowa i jakościowa analiza zawartości. Wyodrębniono cztery kategorie opiekunów: opiekunów dzieci niepełnosprawnych, opiekunów dzieci zdrowych, opiekunów osób starszych oraz przedstawicieli personelu medycznego. Zauważono, że najwięcej tekstów odnosiło się do tych sprawujących opiekę nad dziećmi niepełnosprawnymi i zdrowymi. Wyniki analizy porównawczej wskazują, że przyjęta przez tygodniki linia ideologiczna ma zasadniczy wpływ na sposób ukazywania kobiet i mężczyzn w roli opiekunów. W przypadku „Polityki” dostrzeżono tendencję do akcentowania podmiotowości kobiet opiekunek i angażowania ojców w proces wychowawczy, natomiast na łamach „Do Rzeczy” podkreślono szczególną rolę matki, która dla kobiety powinna stać się rolą priorytetową.
Levels of Mind: Against austerity in the Philosophy of Mind
Authors: Engel Pascal
Published: May 2020

A filosofia da mente contemporânea, como grande parte da ciência cognitiva, favorece concepções austeras da mente, que buscam explicar a natureza do fenômeno mental a partir de um pequeno conjunto de princípios básicos. Psicologia associacionista, behaviorismo, teorias computacionais e teorias conexionistas da mente são visões deste tipo. Contra elas, argumento que não só a complexidade do fenômeno mental é tal que nenhuma teoria geral deste tipo pode ser possível, mas também que para cada tipo de fenômeno mental um tipo específico de teoria pode ser necessário. Advogo uma concepção da mente como formada por camadas, composta por um número de níveis distintos (mas basicamente teorias processuais dualistas da mente), cada uma tendo seus princípios específicos e tipo de complexidade. Esse modelo é ilustrado na noção de crença, que compreende vários níveis de complexidade e uma hierarquia estrutural. Concepções dualistas da cognição superior servem como base para este modelo multi-nível.
Work Family Conflict dan Subjective Well-Being pada Polisi Wanita
Authors: Christy Sophia , Yan Ka
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara work family conflict dan subjective well-being dengan menggunakan metode korelasional dengan subjek penelitian yaitu, polisi wanita yang telah menikah dan memiliki anak di Polres Cimahi. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur work family conflict dari Carlson, Kacmar, & William (2000) yang diterjemahkan oleh Kuntari (2018). Alat ukur subjective well-being yang terdiri dari  dua alat ukur yaitu, SWLS yang disusun oleh Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin (1985) dan SPANE yang disusun oleh Ed Diener (2009) keduanya telah diterjemahkan kedalam Bahasa Indonesia oleh Gunawan (2018). Data yang didapat kemudian diolah menggunakan SPSS 25 dengan uji korelasi Spearman.  Hasil korelasi dari penelitian adalah sebesar 0,796, dan dinyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara subjective well-being dan work family conflict.

Kata kunci:  Work Family Conflict, Subjective Well-being
Efectividad y seguridad del policresuleno en el tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia. Estudio controlado y aleatorizado
Authors: Espitia De La Hoz Franklin Jose
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad y seguridad del policresuleno frente al estriol y el lubricante vaginal, en el tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia en mujeres de Armenia (Quindío, Colombia). Materiales y métodos: en mujeres diagnosticadas con síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia, se hizo un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado y triple ciego. Se asignaron tres grupos (estriol, n=86,lubricante vaginal, n=83 y policresuleno, n=82). El principal parámetro indicador de efectividad fue la elevación de la puntuación del índice de salud vaginal (ISV), mejoría de la función sexual de acuerdo al índice de Función Sexual Femenina Abreviado-6 (IFSFA-6), porcentaje de mejoría de la sintomatología e incidencia de efectos adversos. Resultados: la efectividad fue mayor con el uso del estriol, seguida del policresuleno y menor con el lubricante vaginal (92,82%, 75,69% y 63,74%, respectivamente, p = 0,012); también se encontraron diferencias en la mejoría de la función sexual, según los puntajes del IFSFA-6 [29,29 ± 6,23 (estriol), 28,66 ± 6,12 (policresuleno) y 25,38 ± 6,27 (lubricante vaginal), p = 0,021], condiferencias en el porcentaje tanto de la mejoría de la sintomatología como en la presentación de efectos adversos (p = 0,001). Conclusiones: El policresuleno tiene una significativa efectividad en el tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia, superior frente al lubricante vaginal, pero inferior comparado con el estriol. Es evidente la presencia de efectos adversos, mayores con el estriol, seguido del policresuleno y luego del lubricante vaginal, sin cuestionar el notable perfil de seguridad del  policresuleno.
Analisis Risiko dan Penentuan Strategi Mitigasi Pada Proses Produksi Beras
Authors: Yahman Mansur Budi , Widada Dharma , Profita Anggiarini
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

UD Sido Muncul factory is a rice milling business that produces rice for consumed which in its production is inseparable from the risk. These risks cause a disruption in the production process and also cause losses such as the cessation of the production process so that it cannot meet demand. To manage the risks that occur, the Fuzzy Failure Mode Effect Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods are used. The risk identification use the production process flow in general, namely raw material (input), production (process), and finished product (output) factors. From the results of FMEA fuzzy data processing, a total of 25 risks and priority risks from each factor were found, those are; the risk of competing rice buyers (894) very high; the risk of damage to the prime mover 883 very high, and the risk of competing suppliers of rice (748) high-very high. To mitigate the risks priority, 7 alternative strategies were developed. The priority mitigation strategies were chosen for each risk factor; the partnership building strategy (0.731) for input risk factors; routine engine maintenance strategies (0.637) for process risk factors and the product quality maintenance strategy (0.637) for output risk factors.

 

Keywords: Risk Management, Production Processes Risk, Mitigation Strategy, Fuzzy FMEA, AHP

 

ABSTRAK

Pabrik UD Sido Muncul merupakan usaha penggilingan padi yang memproduksi beras siap konsumsi yang didalam produksinya tidak terlepas dari adanya risiko. Risiko tersebut menyebabkan terganggunya proses produksi dan menyebabkan kerugian seperti terhentinya proses produksi sehingga tidak dapat memenuhi permintaan. Untuk dapat mengelola risiko yang terjadi digunakan metode Fuzzy Failure Mode Effect Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Identifikasi risiko menggunakan alur proses produksi secara umum yaitu faktor bahan baku (input), proses produksi (process), dan produk jadi (output). Dari hasil pengolahan data fuzzy FMEA didapatkan total 25 risiko dan risiko prioritas dari setiap faktor yaitu risiko pesaing pembeli padi (894) very high, risiko kerusakan pada motor penggerak utama 883 very high, dan risiko pesaing supplier beras (748) high-very high. Untuk memitigasi risiko prioritas maka dikembangkan 7 alternatif strategi. Adapun strategi mitigasi prioritas yang terpilih untuk setiap faktor risiko yaitu strategi menjalin kemitraan (0,731) untuk faktor risiko input, strategi pemeliharaan mesin secara rutin (0,637) untuk faktor risiko process dan strategi menjaga kualitas produk (0,637) untuk faktor risiko output.

 

Kata kunci: Manajemen Risiko, Risiko Proses Produksi, Strategi Mitigasi, Fuzzy FMEA,  AHP
Efek Fortifikasi Asam Folat pada Beras Premiks Lokal terhadap Konsentrasi dan Hasil Belajar pada Santri
Authors: Syam Aminuddin , Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Budu Budu , Jafar Nurhaedar , Jufri Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Kurangnya asupan zat besi dan asupan asam folat dapat menyebabkan kurangnya konsentrasi dan prestasi siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini menjelaskan pengaruh pemberian beras fortifikasi asam folat terhadap konsentrasi dan hasil belajar. Desain penelitian adalah eksperimen menggunakan rancangan Double Blind Randomized Control Trial. Populasi semua siswa pada pesantren Annihaya sebanyak 603 orang. Sampel adalah santri putra yang berumur 12-15 tahun sebanyak 80 orang. Sampel terdiri 4 kelompok yaitu kelompok yang diberikan beras fortifikasi (anemia dan non anemia) dan kelompok yang diberikan beras non-fortifikasi (anemia dan non anemia). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan skor konsentrasi terbesar pada kelompok intervensi yakni -2,75, sedangkan pada kontrol mengalami penurunan sebesar -1,65 dan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan baik dalam kelompok maupun perbedaan antara kelompok intervesi dan kontrol dengan nilai p>0,05. Kenaikan skor hasil belajar pada kelompok intervensi yakni sebesar 0,11 sedangkan pada kontrol mengalami penurunan sebesar -0,44. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada kelompok intervensi sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Namun, secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan skor hasil belajar kelompok intervensi dan kontrol (p>0,05). Kesimpulan bahwa konsentrasi santri mengalami penurunan pada semua kelompok setelah intervensi dan penurunan terbesar pada kelompok yang diberikan beras fortifikasi. Hasil belajar mengalami kenaikan pada semua kelompok setelah intervensi dan kenaikan terbesar terjadi pada kelompok anemia yang diberikan beras fortifikasi.
Penyelidikan KLB Keracunan Makanan di Desa Banjaroyo Kabupaten Kulon Progo
Authors: Nuraisyah Fatma
Published: May 2020

Berdasarkan hasil laporan, sebanyak tujuh orang warga berobat ke puskesmas secara bersamaan dengan keluhan/gejala yang sama, mengalami diare, perut sakit, pusing, mulas, lemas setelah mengonsumsi makanan. Tujuan penelitian untuk menelusuri gejala dan penyebab dugaan keracunan setelah mengonsumsi makanan yang dihidangkan pada acara peresmian Microhidro 16 Mei 2014 di Desa Banjaroyo. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kasus-kontrol. Kasus adalah orang yang mengonsumsi hidangan yang mengalami gejala diare, nyeri perut, dan mual. Kontrol adalah orang yang tidak mengalami gejala seperti kasus setelah mengonsumsi hidangan dengan matching umur dan jenis kelamin. Subjek adalah responden yang mengonsumsi makanan dan diwawancarai. Sampel makanan dikirim ke laboratorium untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan. Jumlah kasus awal 170 orang. Gejala yang paling banyak dirasakan penderita adalah diare (73,16%), nyeri perut (67,10%). Tipe kurva epid adalah common source. Penularan penyakit secara common source dan masa inkubasi adalah 1 sampai 16 jam. Hasil pemasangan untuk uji analitik didapatkan 60 pasang kasus dan kontrol. Jenis makanan yang diduga menjadi penyebab keracunan makanan adalah sambal krecek (OR=18,5;95% CI=1,42-230,25), dan ayam bacem (OR=22,03; 95% CI= 2,32-208,42). Hal ini diduga positif Staphylococcus yang mengkontaminasi makanan sehingga orang yang makan mengalami keracunan. Keracunan makanan yang telah terjadi penyebabnya diduga bakteri Staphylococcus. Kemungkinan selama pemanasan ulang dan penyimpanan menjadi dugaan bahwa makanan terkontaminasi.
Puzzle Gizi sebagai Upaya Promosi terhadap Perilaku Gizi Seimbang pada Siswa
Authors: Nasution Ade Saputra , Nasution Andreanda
Published: May 2020

Pendidikan kesehatan terutama gizi perlu dilakukan pada anak sejak usia dini seperti siswa Sekolah Dasar. Hal ini merupakan sebuah upaya untuk menciptakan kesadaran berperilaku gizi seimbang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu cara pendidikan kesehatan yang perlu dilakukan pada siswa adalah dengan menggunakan media edukatif seperti puzzle gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan perilaku (pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan) sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi menggunakan puzzle gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Pra Experimental design One Group Pre-test Post-test design dengan sampel sebanyak 53 responden yang diperoleh dengan cara pengambilan sampel yaitu proportional stratified random sampling, dan data dianalisis menggunakan uji McNemar. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan karakteristik laki-laki sebanyak 19 dan perempuan sebanyak 34 siswa, analisis data menggambarkan pengetahuan (p = 0,001), sikap (p = 0,000) dan tindakan (p = 0,000) yang artinya pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan memiliki perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi menggunakan puzzle gizi. Perlu adanya upaya promosi gizi seimbang pada siswa Sekolah Dasar yang berkelanjutan untuk perubahan perilaku (pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan) siswa terhadap pola hidup yang lebih sehat.
Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan dengan Kepuasan Pasien di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina YW-UMI
Authors: Rivai Fridawaty , Lestari Syalwinda , Shaleh Khalid
Published: May 2020

Menjadikan kepuasan pasien sebagai orientasi adalah salah satu ciri pelayanan kesehatan bermutu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan karakteristik responden dan dimensi mutu pelayanan dengan kepuasan pasien. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Yayasan Wakaf Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Sampel sebanyak 242 orang yang dipilih menggunakan consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui hasil penyebaran kuesioner yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Dimensi kompetensi teknis (p = 0,026), efektivitas, efisiensi, kesinambungan pelayanan, keamanan, dan hubungan interpersonal dengan masing-masing nilai (p = 0,000) adalah dimensi yang memiliki hubungan signifikan. Dimensi keterjangkauan/akses pelayanan (p = 0,177) dan kenyamanan (p = 0,516) adalah dimensi yang tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kepuasan pasien. Terdapat enam dimensi yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kepuasan pasien dari delapan dimensi mutu pelayanan. Saran untuk penelitian ini, diharapkan kepada Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina YW-UMI untuk meningkatkan aspek berupa sikap/keterampilan perawat, kesadaran perawat untuk mengidentifikasi pasien sebelum tindakan, kesigapan dalam melayani pasien, kemampuan komunikasi terutama perawat dalam menyampaikan perubahan keadaan pasien kepada dokter, dan edukasi pasien mengenai risiko kecelakaan di rumah sakit.
Diabete e chirurgia bariatrica
Authors: Vinciguerra Federica , Frittitta Lucia
Published: May 2020

,
The Effectiveness of Group-Based Compassion- Focused Therapy on Depression, Anxiety and Improving the Quality of Life in Women With Feminine Cancers
Authors: Sourmeh Arezou , Mashhadi Ali , Sepehri Shamloo Zohre
Published: May 2020

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of group-based compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on depression, anxiety, and improving the quality of life (QoL) in women with feminine cancers.
Methods: A pretest-posttest control‐grouped, quasi‐experimental study was carried out on all women with cancer who were referred to the Omid Hospital of Mashhad in 2019. Thirty patients with various types of feminine cancers were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of group-based compassion-focused therapy (CFT) (n=15) or sham control (n=15). Participants in both conditions completed measures of Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI-II), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) at pretest and posttest. Analysis of covariance was used for data analysis.
Results: Our results showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and sham control groups in depression (F= 4/499, P<0.05, d=1.60 large) and anxiety (F=19/99, P<0.01, d=1.96 large), but there was no significant difference in participants’ QoL scale.
Conclusions: Group-based CFT could be considered a promising and potentially useful intervention to alleviate the depression and anxiety in cancer patients but it did not affect their QoL. Nevertheless, future randomized trials are needed.
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the Cutting Edge of Nanotechnology
Authors: Bharadwaj Rituraj , Medhi Subhash
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cellular growth or proliferation. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a group of cancers mainly affecting the buccal cavity and associated area, with high rate of mortality and morbidity. Chronic consumption of alcohol, both smoking and smokeless tobacco, and betel quid are considered as the prominent determinants for the initiation and development of OSCC. The current treatment strategy of OSCC is associated with the common side effects of non-specific anticancer drug delivery. In addition, the treatment also deals with the recurrence of OSCC after completion of the therapy, which is responsible for its high mortality rate. Nanotechnology is an emerging discipline in drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and imaging. Nanoparticles are a group of colloidal carriers with approximately 1-1000 nm size range. Nanoparticles, due to large surface area to volume ratio, display different physicochemical characteristics favorable for their use in chemotherapy. The nanoparticles with options for modifications in theirsizes, surface charges, drug payload, and drug bioavailability can be used as a drug delivery system. The dynamic and flexible nature of nanoparticles can be employed to both active and passive targeting of cancer cells combating the usual side effects as well as other complexities associated with the conventional chemotherapy.
Conclusions: The nanoparticles can be regarded as the future of drug delivery in cancer therapy.
Estudo da potencialidade de um espaço não formal na perspectiva de licenciandos em Química
Authors: Cordeiro dos Reis Tiago , De Moura Vieira dos Anjos Rayssa , Ramos de Lima Matheus Henrique , Silveira Camila
Published: May 2020

A presente investigação, de caráter qualitativo, procura compreender a potencialidade do Caminho do Vinho, localizado em São José dos Pinhais/PR, como espaço não formal para o ensino de Química, na perspectiva de licenciandos de Química que visitaram o local em 2018. Primeiramente, foram selecionados discentes com perfis predominantemente de licenciandos para a fase posterior da pesquisa, um Grupo Focal. Do Grupo, obteve-se um corpus (a transcrição de áudios), analisado segundo as técnicas da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) (MORAES, 2003). Identificou-se oito categorias, descritas em um metatexto intitulado “As possíveis relações entre o Caminho do vinho e a Educação em Química”. Decorre da análise que o Caminho abarca temáticas educativas, tais como: saberes populares, produção de vinho e interdisciplinaridade. Ademais, por permitir a troca de conhecimentos científicos e culturais entre os licenciandos e os produtores de vinho, o Caminho configura-se como espaço não formal em potencial.
Pesquisa-ação na forma de comunidade de prática: uma proposta para formaçao de professores
Authors: Ribeiro Marcus Eduardo Maciel
Published: May 2020

Esse artigo trata de um ensaio que busca a aproximação entre os pressupostos da pesquisa-ação e das comunidades de prática, em uma tentativa de opor-se aos processos de formação que fazem uso da racionalidade técnica. Tem por objetivos apresentar a importância e as premissas da pesquisa social, da pesquisa-ação e das comunidades de prática; mostrar a possibilidade de emprego dessas duas metodologias em um contexto de formação de professores e trazer um exemplo de aplicação conjunta destas metodologias a partir de um exercício de formação de professores acontecido no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Buscou-se construir resposta ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: De que forma comunidades de prática podem ser relacionadas com a pesquisa-ação nos processos de formação de professores? Como resultados pode-se perceber que é adequado organizar-se um processo de pesquisa-ação na forma de uma comunidade de prática desde que se adequem os pressupostos de cada proposta de investigação, fazendo com que professores superem o temor de serem apenas sujeitos de pesquisa e passem, também, a serem pesquisadores.
Química e meio ambiente: investigação e desenvolvimento de abordagens experimentais
Authors: Alves Janainne Nunes , Rocha Lucena Danielly Marinho , Lopes Bernardo Lelis Rezende
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho apresentamos atividades experimentais destinadas ao ensino de química com enfoque nos contextos social e ambiental mediante o desenvolvimento das propostas “Efeitos da temperatura e do uso excessivo de agroquímicos sobre a microbiota do solo” e “Estudo da pigmentação de sementes de Urucum através de cromatografia em papel”, elaboradas no Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais. Essas atividades permitem o desenvolvimento dos seguintes conteúdos disciplinares: classificação de reações, técnicas de separação de misturas, polaridade, solubilidade, cadeias carbônicas, funções orgânicas e química ambiental no contexto da ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. Os experimentos descritos aqui se mostraram propícios ao desenvolvimento de discussões interdisciplinares e reflexões sobre o conteúdo curricular do nível médio através de procedimentos facilmente replicáveis que exigem infraestrutura mínima, mas, permitem a aproximação entre atividade científica e o contexto da sala de aula pela construção de inter-relações entre conhecimento e elementos cotidianos, imprimindo significados reais aos conteúdos programáticos.
Effects of Giardia lamblia Colonization and Fenbendazole Treatment on Canine Fecal Microbiota
Authors: Lee Naomi N , Bidot Willie A , Ericsson Aaron C , Franklin Craig L
Published: May 2020

The gut microbiota (GM) is the sum of hundreds of distinct microbial species that can equal or outnumber their host’ssomatic cells. The GM influences a multitude of physiologic and immunologic processes in the host, and changes in the GM have been shown to alter the phenotypes of animal models. Previous studies using rodents have also shown that the composition of the GM is affected by many factors, including diet, husbandry, housing, and the genetic background of the animals. However, limited information exists about factors that may modulate GM in other laboratory species, such as dogs. We sought to eliminate sporadic Giardia colonization of dogs using fenbendazole (FBZ), an antiprotozoal widely used in biomedical research dog colonies. Concerns that FBZ could have inadvertent effects on the canine GM led us to assess GM over the course of treatment. FBZ (50 mg/kg) was given orally to all dogs in 3 different facilities (n = 19 to 25) for 10 consecutive days. Fecal samples were obtained 2 d before the initiation of treatment, on the last day of treatment, and 2 wk after the completion of treatment. Targeted 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze fecal microbiota. All dogs were clinically normal throughout the sample collection period. Statistical analyses of data showed significant differences between dogs housed in the 3 different facilities, further emphasizing the effect of housing and husbandry factors on the GM. However,negligible differences were seen between time points, indicating that FBZ did not significantly alter the canine GM. Comparison of the GM of Giardia lamblia positive and negative dogs revealed no significant difference between the 2 groups. These findings suggest that FBZ can be used therapeutically in dogs with minimal impact on the GM. Furthermore, the presence ofG. lamblia in clinically normal animals may not be sufficient to influence the normal canine microbiota.
Analisis Regresi Penampilan Bawang Putih Sangga Sembalun dan Lumbu Kuning Selama Penyimpanan dalam Suhu Ruang
Authors: Sulistyaningrum Anna , Kiloes Adhitya Marendra , Darudriyo Darudriyo
Published: May 2020

Bawang putih merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai bumbu maupun obat. Bawang putih banyak mengalami perubahan baik secara nutrisional maupun penampakannya selama penyimpanan, sehingga dibutuhkan penanganan pascapanen yang tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas bawang putih Sangga Sembalun dan Lumbu Kuning yang disimpan dalam suhu ruang baik untuk konsumsi maupun benih serta mengetahui kualitas bawang putih dalam bentuk konde maupun rogol selama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan dan terdiri dari 6 ulangan. Perlakuan pertama adalah varietas (V) yang terdiri dari varietas Sangga Sembalun dan varietas Lumbu Kuning, sementara perlakuan kedua adalah bentuk (B) yang terdiri dari bentuk rogol dan konde. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penurunan bobot bawang putih tertinggi yaitu pada saat 1 minggu penyimpanan dengan  penurunan sebesar  33,2% dengan susut diamater sebesar  6,98%, karena pada kondisi tersebut kandungan air dari komoditas hortikultura masih sangat tinggi. Bawang putih untuk konsumsi segar (penyimpanan hingga 2 bulan) dalam bentuk konde memiliki tingkat penurunan yang lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan bentuk rogol yaitu sebesar 21,45% varietas Lumbu Kuning dan 19,88% untuk varietas Sangga Sembalun. Demikian halnya dengan penyimpanan selama 6 bulan, bawang putih dalam bentuk konde memiliki tingkat kehilangan air yang lebih rendah, serta memiliki penampakan kesegaran yang lebih baik (tidak cepat keriput dan layu) serta kerusakan akibat mikroorganisme dapat lebih diminimalisir.  Kata kunci: bawang putih, kualitas, kehilangan berat, penyimpanan.
Vaccines and Treatment Strategies for SARS-COV-2
Authors: Sarkar Anasua , Maulik Ujjwal
Published: May 2020

The 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 is now a pandemic as announced by WHO. It has crossed more than 34,41,767 (on 03.05.2020) infected patients around the world and death count also has gone above 2,43,922. Very recently, some improvements in therapeutic approaches have been found for treatment of this disease. This work aims to survey earlier approaches for vaccines, antiviral medicines, strategies and probable antigens experimented on SARS-COV, MERS and other coronaviruses, which may have potential application for SARS-CoV-2.
Government Ability, Bank-Specific Factors and Profitability - An insight from banking sector of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen V.C. , Nguyen Thu Thuy , Nguyen Huu Tinh
Published: May 2020

To the best of our knowledge, a very few studies have focused on the effects of government ability on bank performance in developing and emerging countries. The aim of this work is to study the impact of government ability, bank-specific factors on profitability in the banking system in Vietnam. Using a panel data analysis in the period over 2014-2018, the study analyzes based on the methods of fixed, random effects, and pooled ordinary least squares. Data were collected from Vietnam’s Stock Exchange, General Statistics Office, and Worldwide Governance Indicators. Our results demonstrate that government ability has negatively affected bank efficiency while economic growth will not affect bank efficiency. In addition, the prime bank-specific factors that can significantly impact on bank efficiency are non-performing loan, loan-to-deposit ratio, loan loss reserves. A bank with a higher loan-to-deposit ratio can positively impact on the probability of a bank. In contrast to the risk, a bank with a greater risk as well as a higher level in non-performing loan in operation will negatively impact on its efficiency.
Boosting Indonesia’s Tourism Sector to be competitive
Authors: Gunawan David
Published: May 2020

Boosting Indonesia’s Tourism Sector to be Competitive
Geometric Discrete Unified Theory Framework
Authors: Breek Yan
Published: May 2020

This article proposes a uniﬁed theory framework encompassing a discrete topological interpretation of physical forces, wave functions, and the nature of space and time. It provides novel explanations for the collapse of wave functions, quantum entanglement, and oﬀers insights into the origins of quantum probabilities. This article also explains the nature of mass, Higgs ﬁeld, and suggests a path for unifying quantum mechanics and gravity. Elementary particles are represented as defects in discrete topological spaces. Entangled particles are directly connected to each other through a puncture in discrete space, separated by a distance of one Planck length. Wave functions are explained as mechanical stress waves within elastic discrete space. The results of the double-slit experiment are interpreted as wave functions maximizing the probability of rupture in high-stress areas of discrete space with obvious analogies to solid state mechanics. Wave-particle duality is explained as discrete topological defects causing extended distributed stress within space lattice.
Change in Five-Factor Model Personality Traits During the Acute Phase of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Sutin Angelina , Luchetti Martina , Aschwanden Damaris , Lee Ji Hyun , Miller Amanda A , Strickhouser Jason E. , STEPHAN Yannick , Terracciano Antonio
Published: May 2020

The rapid spread of the coronavirus and the strategies to slow it have disrupted just about every aspect of our lives. Such disruption may be reflected in changes in psychological function. The present study used a pre-posttest design to test whether Five Factor Model personality traits changed with the coronavirus outbreak in the United States. Participants (N=2,137) were tested in early February 2020 and again during the President’s 15 Days to Slow the Spread guidelines. In contrast to the preregistered hypotheses, Neuroticism decreased across these six weeks, particularly the facets of Anxiety and Depression, and Conscientiousness did not change. Exploratory analyses indicated that quarantine/isolation status moderated change such that Neuroticism only decreased for those not in quarantine, whereas Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness declined for participants in quarantine. The present research suggests modest changes in personality traits across the acute phase of the coronavirus outbreak.
Testosterone fluctuations in response to a democratic election predict partisan attitudes toward the elected leader
Authors: Prasad Smrithi , Knight Erik L , Sarkar Amar , Welker Keith M , Lassetter Bethany , Mehta Pranjal
Published: May 2020

Intergroup competitions such as democratic elections can intensify intergroup polarization and conflict. Partisan attitudes toward the elected leader can also shift from before to after an election, but the biology underlying these attitudinal shifts remains largely unknown. An important factor could be the hormone testosterone, which is theorized to fluctuate during competition and to influence status seeking. In a naturalistic study of 113 registered voters, we measured changes in testosterone levels and attitudes toward the winner of the 2012 US Presidential Election. We found that supporters of the losing candidate (Mitt Romney) showed acute increases in testosterone levels compared to supporters of the winner (Barack Obama) on the evening of Election Day. Supporters of the losing candidate also demonstrated flatter diurnal testosterone slopes on Election Day that persisted up to two days after the election. Furthermore, greater increases in acute testosterone levels and flatter diurnal slopes among supporters of the losing candidate were associated with less positive evaluations of the winning candidate. These testosterone-moderated attitudinal shifts observed in the days after the election showed a directionally similar pattern with a weaker effect size six months later. Finally, we confirmed that the main results were robust to alternative data analytic choices using multiverse specification curve analysis. The findings from this paper suggest that hormonal responses to large-scale intergroup competitions may shape how we perceive our elected leaders, shedding light on the biology of intergroup relations.