bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Diagnosis of Business Organization (NZD Manuka Health and Beauty Products) in the Philippines: A Qualitative Study
Authors: ASUAH-DUODU ENOCH , Kabuyaya Masika , Cabahug-Fugoso Gizelle Lou , Smith Sechelle, P.
Published: December 2019

There is the quest for sustainable eradication of threats to enhance the health of organizations. This study's curiosity is to tackle the concept of determining how an organization diagnoses the threats in its environment. This study is qualitative research and content analysis method has been adopted by the researcher. The research design of content analysis is used to create inferences from papers and observations. Permission was sort from three people before the interview, through video recording. The recorded video interview data was transcribed by an expect transcriber, and were analyzed, and interpreted by the researcher. The study revealed that effective clinical diagnosis that leads to changes requires a sense of urgency, the establishment of a strong team of change agents. The development of a vision and strategy through careful and well-thought-out planning, and the communication of the vision for change to the business organization, as well as the empowerment of team members to help and participate in change initiatives, and the generation of shifts. The members of the organizations may not have a mutual perspective on the organizational diagnosis. Therefore, the onus rest on professionals to consider obtaining data from various sources and consider this in their diagnosis and procedures. The study recommends that different quantitative methods can be used to diagnose business organizations.
Scavengers’ Participation in Maintaining Environmental Cleanliness at The Landfills of Sarimukti Cipatat District West Bandung Regency
Authors: Balenguru Nopember Christanto , Triwahyuni Palupi
Published: December 2019

This research is based by the observation of a preliminary study on 27-28 October 2016 by theresearcher according of the findings of scatter garbage. It was found that scavengers are lackof participation in maintaining the cleanliness of the environment. Because of this finding theresearcher is interested to do this research with the purpose of getting a depiction of theparticipation of scavengers in maintaining environmental cleanliness.This study uses qualitative methods withsnowball sampling technique with in-depth interviewto obtain the data from the respondents. There are 12 respondents in this study consisting of 6scavengers and 6 landfills of Sarimuktistaff. The result of the interview are analyzed with theCoallizi’s method.The results showed according to the perspective of scavengers and staff are that scavengers'knowledge about environmental hygiene is still limited accordance to lack of education,scavengers is lacking of care on environmental cleanliness, and lacking of motivation toparticipate in maintaining environmental cleanliness in Sarimukti Landfills.This study suggest that this research can be used as an input material to get the idea to be moreactive in providing knowledge about the ways of correct waste processing, recycling, and alsoknowledge about the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the environment. This studyhope that this research can be developed into another qualitative research about the rightprogram for scavenger participation in maintaining environmental cleanliness.
Analysis of Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs): Item and Test Statistics from the 2nd Year Nursing Qualifying Exam in a University in Cavite, Philippines
Authors: Obon April Marqueses , Rey Kristel Anne M.
Published: December 2019

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) is used extensively as a test format in nursing education.However, making MCQs still remains a challenge to educators. To avoid issues about itsquality, this should undergo item analysis. Thus, the study evaluated item and test qualityusing difficulty index (DIF) and discrimination indices (DI), with distractor efficiency (DE);determined the reliability using Kuder-Richardson 20 coefficients (KR20); and identifiedwhich valid measure was developed. The study was conducted among 41 level two nursingstudents in the College of Nursing. The qualifying examination comprised of 194 MCQs.Data were entered in Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS22 and were analyzed. According toDIF, out of 194 items, 115 (59.3%) had right difficulty and 79 (40.7%) were difficult.Regarding DI, 17 (8.8%) MCQs were considered very good items to discriminate the low andhigh performer students. While 21 (10.8%), 32 (16.5%), 24 (12.4%), and 100 (51.5%)demonstrated good, fair quality, potentially poor, and potentially very poor items,respectively. On the other hand, the number of items that had 100% distractor effectiveness is57 (29.4%), as 65 (33.5%), 49 (25.3%), and 23 (11.9%) revealed 66.6%, 33.3% and 0%,respectively. The reliability of the test using KR20 is 0.9, suggesting that the test is highlyreliable with considered good internal consistency. After careful analysis of each item, 55(28.35%) items were retained without revisions. Further, the stem of the 24 (12.37%) items,the distractors of the 66 (34.02%) items and both the stem and distractors of 46 (23.71%)items were modified, and 3 (1.55%) items were removed. The researcher recommends doingan analysis between upper and lower scorers and its relationship to DE. For future study, itwill be beneficial to explore other factors like student’s ability, quality of instructions, andnumber of students in relation to quality of MCQs.
Lived Experiences of Young Adults From Broken Families on Marital Relationships
Authors: Falculan Raymund Madrigal , Paula Paula A , Ocdamia Jon Joshua J , Samiley Samantha Gaylle G
Published: December 2019

People often take for granted the impact of having separated parents on children. Individualsfrom broken homes are highly impressionable and the effects of what they have witnessedduring childhood are conventionally carried with them into adulthood. There have been alimited amount of studies describing the impact of parental separation of young adults’perception on marriage. This study aimed to delve into how parental separation affects youngadults’ perception on marital relationship. Specifically, this study deals with the perception onmarital relationships of young adults from broken families. Also, it explores the outlook onmarital relationships of young adults from broken families after their parents’ separation. Thisstudy used a phenomenological research design to explore young adults’ perception onmarriage. A total of 12 young adults coming from broken families participated in the study toprovide the researchers with information about their thoughts and feelings about marriage. Theresearchers used a semi-structured interview and the collected data were analyzed using theColaizzi’s method. On the perception on marital relationship of young adults from brokenfamilies, four themes emerged, namely: God-centered relationship; couples in love;legalization of a relationship; and foundation of family. The participants defined that perceptionof marital relationships is related to the definition of a healthy relationship between husbandand wife. Furthermore, the factors that affect the outlook of young adults from broken familieswere categorized into four themes: negative experience leading to fear, development of trustissues, poor self-worth, and attachment problems. Here, the participants explained that thenegative outlook on marital relationships is related to the negative experiences, trust issues,poor self-worth, and attachment issues that developed as impact of broken families. Theresearchers recommend that similar studies with a quantitative approach be conducted for thefurther assessment of the dilemma presented by the study. Further research could bring aboutdifferent results especially if done on a large population and different.
Act Local but Think Global: Transcultural Nursing Competencies and Experiences of Foreign Students from Selected Higher Education Institutions in the Philippines
Authors: Malabat Carmela Grabata , Ruiz Fred B.
Published: December 2019

The need for transcultural nursing competencies amongst students offers an array ofimprovements in nursing education, hospitals, and communities around the globe. Thisresearch assessed the level of transcultural nursing competencies and experiences of foreignnursing students. The objectives of the study are to assess the: level of perceived transculturalexperiences of respondents in terms of nursing education, classroom instruction, clinicalinstruction and clinical practice; level of transcultural nursing competencies of therespondents in terms of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skills, culturalencounters and cultural desire; and the significant relationship between perceivedtranscultural experiences of respondents and their level of transcultural nursing competencies.Data were collected using descriptive-evaluative, descriptive-comparative and descriptivecorrelational research designs with a purposive sample of 104 respondents through aresearcher-made tool which underwent exploratory factor analysis establishing its reliabilityand validity. Frequency distribution and percentage, weighted mean and standard deviation,and Spearman rank were utilized for data analysis. Respondents had adequate generalexperiences in nursing education (M=3.13); classroom instruction (M=3.16); clinicalinstruction (M=3.13) and clinical practice (M=3.38). They acquired clinical experiences andadequate competence in cultural awareness (M=3.73); cultural knowledge (M=3.24); culturalskills (M=3.27); cultural encounters (M=3.16) and cultural desire (M=3.52). Respondentswere knowledgeable of other cultures and they understood institutional difficultiesdiscouraging cultural groups from obtaining healthcare services. They had skills inunderstanding the relationship between health and culture including cultural assessment toolsused to evaluate patients and they possessed the willingness to learn from others. Significantrelationship were between general experiences in nursing education and cultural awareness(p=0.003); classroom instruction and cultural skills (p=0.002); clinical instruction and clinicalawareness (p=0.024) and cultural skills (p=0.003); cultural encounters (p=0.001) and culturaldesire (p=0.021); clinical practice and cultural awareness (p=0.000); cultural skills (p=0.003);cultural encounters (p=0.000) and cultural desire (p=0.012). Students’ theoretical and clinicalexperiences need strengthening and improvement by incorporating transcultural nursing inthe curriculum.
Membership Information System Using Node JS
Authors: Sihotang Jay Idoan , Richel Yosua , Pakpahan Andrew Fernando
Published: December 2019

In the process of organizing membership activities, the speed and accuracy of member dataprocessing is required. Problems in processing the data include, among other things, severalorganizations that have not used the system to process member’s data, including managingand creating member data, organizational activity schedules, and member's finances. Node Jsis the language used to design this information system aims to find out whether Node Js canbe used in making membership information systems. With the UML design method, theauthor develops this system to be more structured and according to purpose. The resultsobtained are that Node Js is very capable of being used to design membership informationsystems with output results are reports of member data and financial data that has beenrecorded by the system administrator. The membership management information system hasbeen running well and all functions run according to the design in which there are memberdata collection, finance, activities, and donations. The member data collection process is doneby the admin by recording the activity history of the members including registration time,update time, login time, incoming and outgoing financial history, history of donations andactivities followed by members. Advice from the author is that a membership managementsystem that has been designed may be developed and a notification function can be added sothat it can more easily access the requested data, and the mobile version is made.
Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha Learning Model
Authors: Hutagaol Kartini
Published: December 2019

This paper aims to describe a design of cooperative learning models that emphasizeexemplary criteria in conveying information or concepts / ideas in the classroom. Inconveying information or concepts, teachers as educators and leaders must be truly preparedand know well that the examples of the concepts to be conveyed are good and true. Realizingthat a teacher or leader who determines the direction is a role model, and as a role model, thepeople around him will follow, so as a leader must be able to give a survey and who cling tohis responsibilities, is expected to be aware of his actions, behavior, ways of thinking, eventhe habit will be followed by many people. Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha is a leadership aspectthat has a group learning leader. These aspects are capable of moving and directing groupmembers to determine the direction and purpose of learning. This study uses descriptive,comparative and development research methods. Descriptive and comparative methods tosupport empirical research. With the development research method the learning environmentwill be developed and evaluated to test the effectiveness of the model design. Based on thetesting criteria for the two mean differences are if the acquisition is p. sig. value < 0.05 thenH0 is rejected. Because of the acquisition of p. sig. value = 0.00 < 0.05 so H0 is rejected,meaning that the learning outcomes of students who use Ing Ngarsa sung Tuladha'scooperative learning model are better than ordinary learning. Learning outcomes of studentswho get the Ing Ngarsa Cooperative Learning model are better than students who do not useit. Overall students have good attitudes and morals.
Information System Security Risk Management Analysis in Universitas Advent Indonesia Using Octave Allegro Method
Authors: Wagiu Elmor Benedict , Siregar Raminson , Maulany Raymond
Published: December 2019

Universitas Advent Indonesia is one of the many universities that use information technologyto support their business processes in the hope that information technology will providesignificant benefits. The use of information technology in supporting a business can not beseparated from the risks that might be faced. for that, good management of informationtechnology will be the key to how much risk will be faced. In this case, the researcher willconduct an analysis of information system risk management at the Universitas AdventIndonesia. The method used by researchers is OCTAVE ALLEGRO. OCTAVE ALLEGROis a method that is often used to carry out analysis in the field of risk management and riskassessment. The purpose of this study was to identify risks that could potentially threatenbusiness processes at Universitas Advent Indonesia by first identifying the impact of the area,determining the scale of priorities etc. The results of the study using OCTAVE Allegro is arisk reduction approach for each area of concern of each UNAI critical information assetnamely student financial information, lecturer financial information, student scoreinformation, student transcript information, and class attendance data. UNAI makes writtenrules regarding responsibilities in maintaining information security and sanctions for violatorsand do socialize about the rule well gradually to Universitas Advent Indonesia employees.Re-evaluate information security by using OCTAVE Allegro method periodically, forexample, once every 2 years.
Influence of Pre-Medicine Course GPA and National Medical Admission Test Percentile Rank on First Year Medicine GPA Among College of Medicine Students: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Mendoza Doris A. , Antonio Zenaida
Published: December 2019

The criteria used by medical schools in the Philippines and the Adventist University of thePhilippines College of Medicine (AUPCOM) in admissions selection of future doctors aregenerally the same. These include academic ability, based on the cognitive Pre-Medical CourseGrade Point Average (Pre-Med GPA) and the National Medical Admission Test percentile rank(NMAT score). Other non-cognitive essential criteria are gleaned through personal interviewor written essays, such as insight into medicine, extracurricular activities and interests,personality, motivation, high work standards, and communication skills. Objective evidencejustifying the use of such criteria is an area that AUPCOM intended to investigate as basis forevaluating applicants to the medical school. This retrospective study utilized 153 students fromthe first four consecutive cohorts (from Batch 2019-2022) of medical students who wereaccepted in AUPCOM. The data taken from the COM records were strictly handled with utmostconfidentiality. Statistical analysis consisting of mean, standard deviation, percentage,correlation, and regression was employed. The NMAT percentile rank of the medicine studentshad an average of 72.01, with a Pre-Med GPA of 90.69 (B) and first year Medicine GPA of84.6 (C+). The bivariate correlation revealed significant positive relationship of NMAT scoreand Pre-Med grade to the first year Medicine GPA. Regression analysis revealed that PreMedicine course GPA and National Medical Admission Test Percentile Rank were bothpredictors of the first year medicine GPA among College of Medicine students. This result canbe an eye-opener to medical schools on the percentage weight given to NMAT percentile rankas one of the major criteria in the selection process of future doctors. Future research needs toinclude other predictors of performance in Medicine since Pre-Med GPA contributes only13.2% of the variance in medicine students’ first year Medicine GPA.
Design and Development of an Incident Reporting Mobile Application
Authors: Bulusan Jan Peter , Cabaluna Bradd Melton , Macaraig Daniel John , Cruz Abner
Published: December 2019

Reporting actual incidents through short messaging systems and telephone calls are tedious,prone to errors and misinterpretations. Developing a mobile application that can be utilized totransmit incident type, location, and images among other details can provide assistance inemergency situations. The software development method followed in this study was theprototyping model, where initial versions of the software were shown to the end users for it tobe refined to their needs. The target users of the mobile application are a group of 38Adventist motorcycle riders from Silang, Cavite, Philippines who are trained to be firstresponders. Interviews with end users and benchmarking on related systems were conductedto meet results. The end users’ feedback on the developed application can be summarized ashaving high accuracy, less prone to errors, and ease-of-use. Through Global PositioningSystems available on modern smart phones, reporting a specific incident location can be asaccurate as within five meters. The report receiver can view the location in a map.Minimizing text entry and utilizing control elements not only improve reporting time but alsoreduce chances of committing errors. Further, the application can provide map location andcontact information of the emergency facilities near the incident site. Reported information isalso centrally stored for references to improve response processes. Once substantial data isgathered from this system, it can be data-mined to predict possible hotspots, peak times andother information on the occurrences of incidents. To implement the system to a largergeographical territory, the proponents suggest employing artificial intelligence which canautomatically identify and request help from the nearest possible medical facilities.
Anthony Hoekema on the understanding of the Image of God
Authors: Hutabarat Reymand , Hutabarat Franklin , Majilang Deanna Beryl
Published: December 2019

This study aims to identify the understanding of Anthony Hoekema on the image of God.Anthony Hoekema’s theology as a whole is a Reformed theology. The core and the veryfoundation of the Reformed theology is the sovereignty of God. Hoekema saw that thecreation of man in God’s image is “the most distinctive feature of biblical understanding ofman” (Hoekema 1988). This was why he understood that “the concept of the image of God isthe heart of Christian anthropology” (Hoekema 1988). Hoekema’s concept of the image ofGod in man is examined in this paper, which is divided into the following five parts: themeaning of being created in the image of God, the structural and functional aspects of God’simage, Jesus as the true image of God, the image of God in man’s threefold relationship, andthe image of God in four different stages. Hoekema maintained that the image of God in manmust contain both structural and functional aspects, for “the image of God includes the wholeperson” (Hoekema 1987). The structural aspect means “what kind of being man is”(Hoekema 1976, while functional aspect means “what man does.” For Hoekema, these twoaspects of God’s image in man are inseparable, for “one cannot function without a certainstructure” (Hoekema 1989). Hoekema asserted that “there is no better way of seeing theimage of God than to look at Jesus Christ” (Hoekema 1987), for he believes, based onColossians 1:15, that He is the “image of the invisible God” (Hoekema 1988). In Christ, whois God incarnated, one sees “clearly what is hidden in Genesis 1: namely, what man as theperfect image of God should be like” (Hoekema 1976). In other words, Hoekema understoodthat the perfect image of God that man possessed at creation, is found in the the life of humanJesus.
Pocket Skate: Prototype of a Mobile Projection-Based Game
Authors: Mambu Joe Yuan
Published: December 2019

Exergaming is the activity in which this kind of videogame relies on the technology from thebody’s movement or reaction. However, some commercial devices that provides theseengaging activities, such as XBOX Kinect and Nintendo Wii Fit, are quite expensive andconsidered luxury for many. What we propose here that is by using a typical mobile phone asthe censor/controller and combined it with a display device such as a smart TV or a laptop.By using accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer on a typical mobile phone we canbuild a prototype of a game that attached on players’ body and have it mirrored on a SmartTV.The researcher was able to construct a proof of concept prototype of the app. First, the userwill control a skateboard on smart TV or other wireless projection where it will receivemirror feeds from the smartphone. The smartphone itself was placed on the player hips orinside his or her pocket. To control the skateboard, user must make a small jump to make itjump or face side to side to make the skateboard change direction to avoid obstacles. Whilethe app is still a prototype, yet it was able to show how a game can use a projected-basedinterface and mixed it the use of gyroscope and accelerometer censors. Futurerecommendation would be integrating it with calories counters for it to be fully“exergaming”.
Mobile-Empowered Ministry in Indonesia: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Hendriks Alvyn Cesarianto
Published: December 2019

The impact of new media has continued to transform people. Thus, the impact of mobilephones which are deemed to have a positive effect on education, business, science, health,safety, communication, entertainment, society, environment, globalization, and people’s livesis reflected in various studies. Though the abovementioned impacts are widely studied, theimpact of mobile phones in ministry—in sharing the gospel of God to humankind is hardlydiscussed. This study employs phenomenological study with ministers of the gospel from theWest Java Conference of the Seventh-day Adventists situated in Indonesia as its participants.Findings revealed that mobile phones can bring the gospel to both the reached and theunreached through its different features and services. Thus, this study emphasizesunderstanding of the importance for ministers of the gospel to take the edge of mobileempowered ministry, a new opportunity, as everyone is upswept by the mobile revolution.
Comparison of Accuracy Between Two Methods: Naїve Bayes Algorithm and Decision Tree-J48 to Predict The Stock Price of Pt Astra International tbk Using Data From Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Hutapea Joan Yuliana , Samuel Yusran Timur , Sitorus Heima
Published: December 2019

The ability to predict the stock prices is very important for market players, whether individual or organizational investors. The market players needs to know how to predict, that will help them in their decision making process, whether to buy or to sell its shares, so that it can maximize profits and reduce potential losses due to mistakes in decision making. In accordance to this, the authors conducted a study that aimed to analyze and to compare the accuracy of two (2) methods that is used to predict the stock prices, namely: the Naїve Bayes Method and the Decision Tree-J48 Method. The amount of data used in this study were 1,195 stock datas ofPT Astra International Tbk, issued by the IDX, by the period of January 1, 2013 to November 30, 2017.This study uses 7 attributes, namely: Previews, High, Low, Close, Volume, Value, and Frequency. By using the WEKA application the result shows that, the accuracy of the Naïve Bayes Method using 20% of testing data, is 92.0502%, the precision value is 0.920 and the value of recall is 0.961, while the accuracy of the Decision Tree J-48 method, using 20% of testing data, is 98.7448%, with precision value of 0.989 and the value of recall of0.997.Through this results, it can be concluded that the decision tree J-48 algorithm has a better accuracy results compared to the Naive Bayes algorithm in predicting the stock price of PT. Astra Internasional Tbk.
The Effect of Audit Firm Age and Audit Tenure on Audit Quality (An Empirical Study on Trusted Company Awardees Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2011-2016)
Authors: Sinaga Judith Gallena , SINAGA VICTOR C.
Published: December 2019

Indonesia’s go public companies are the main backbone of its economy. As of January 2019, there are 620 listed companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The Indonesian Institute for Corporate Directorship yearly acknowledges listed companies and gives award categorized as the most trusted, trusted and fairly trusted companies every year. This study aimed to explain the effect of audit firm age and audit tenure on audit quality for the trusted company awardees from 2011-2016. An explantory method is used in this study since it depicts the cause and effect relationship. Data gathered will be processed, analyzed, presented, interpreted and concluded in a way that it will clarifies the matters about audit firm age and audit tenure on audit quality. There were 36 firm year observation as sample which was derived the companies that were awarded for six consecutive years. A multivariate analysis was used in processing and analyzing the secondary data. The findings partially showed that audit firm age has no significant effect on audit quality while audit tenure showed that there is a significant effect on audit quality. In addition to the findings mentioned, it simultaneously showed that audit firm age and audit tenure on audit quality. When the two variables are combined it affects the audit quality. This means that the two variables, audit firm age and audit tenure should go hand in hand together in achieving audit quality. Audit firm age, although not significant, must be takeninto consideration. The longer the firm, it is expected to increase audit quality. Audit tenure has to do with objectivity in which it will lead to audit quality. Long tenure is avoided by following the government regulations. As much as possible, in every audit engagement, audit work must appear to be very objective, unbiased, and impartial thus resulting to high audit quality. As for recommendation, researcher must add more samples in order to be more representative. Also, other variables may be taken into consideration as a proxy for auditquality.
Implementation of Finite State Automata in an Amusement Park Automatic Ticket Selling Machine
Authors: Kaunang Fergie Joanda , Waworundeng Jacquline
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Amusement Park is a place that provides various attractions for entertainmentpurpose. People can enjoy games, rides such as roller coaster rides, merry-go-round, etc.Over the time, technology has grown. Many things that are usually done manually by humansare now being replaced by computers. With an automated ticket selling machine, the processof buying the ticket of an amusement park becomes easier for the user. Automata theory is atheoretical branch that has not been widely known to many yet plays essential role in the fieldof computer science. The main concept of automata theory itself is how to make machinesworks automatically. Therefore, this study aims to show the implementation of the concept ofAutomata theory in an amusement park automatic ticket selling machine.Methods: Themethod used to develop the application is formal methods known as Finite State Automata.We also used Sequential Linear method to design the application. Formal method is amathematical modelling that links the production, development, and verification of softwareand hardware. In this application, the concept of Finite State Automata was applied torecognize and then capture the pattern on the process of ticket selling machine.Results: Theresult of this study shows that Finite State Automata can become one of the alternatives todesign an automatic ticket selling machine for an amusement park by reading each inputgiven by the user and then converts it to the language know by the Finite StateAutomata.Discussion: In this application, the payment method is by inserting a certainamount of cash into the machine and the machine will proceed to the next process. However,for future development another payment method can be added. For example, instead ofinserting cash, user can choose to pay using debit as well as credit card.
Comparison of Cow Urine Bokashi, Green Bokashi and Chemical Fertilizer on Growth Of Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa L. Subsp. Chinensis) Utilizing Deep Flow Technique Hydrophonic
Authors: Sulastri Titin , Simbolon Fitri Kamelia , Situmeang Doli , Suwiton Marvel Reuben
Published: December 2019

Hydroponic is a known technique in agriculture, using water instead of soil as growingmedia, where specific fertilizer were constinously added. Generally, chemical fertilizer wereused in hydrophonic system, i.e. AB mix fertilizer, a combination of several fertilizer, whichcertainly costly. This research aim to find alternative fertilizer for hydrophonic where growthof the plants/crops is maintained. Two possible fertilizer easily found nearby UNAI campuswere cow urine, and discarded parts of green vegetables. Fermentation of these urine andgreen compost were the main role to produce appropriate fertilizer, known as bokashi.Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L. var. Chinensis) seedling were used from its ready for planting time(approx. 4 days) in rockwool. Hydroponics system utilizing Deep Flow Technique (DFT), Ashape model. Data of pakcoy growth including height of the plants, leaves width and rootlength were measured every week up to 5 weeks. Data were analyzed using Analysis ofVariance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The result showedthat, on plants height, each fertilizer was differing each other, where AB mix is higher withaverage 22.71 cm, followed by green bokashi 18.74 cm, and cow urine bokashi 16.38 cm. Onleaves width, AB mix is greater with average 9.22 cm, followed by green bokashi 8.03 cmand cow urine bokashi 7.00 cm. Analysis on root length, AB mix is higher with average49.76 cm, followed with green bokashi 21.33 cm, and cow urine bokashi 21.21 cm. Thisresearch concludes that green bokashi and cow urine bokashi could be use as alternativefertilizer in hydroponics system, although AB mix gives higher growth.
ASSET STRUCTURE AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE: AN EVIDENCE OF TRANSPORTATION COMPANY LISTED AT INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Doloksaribu Grace Cathrine , Hutabarat Francis M.
Published: December 2019

Transportration is very essential in the archipelagic country that make people can go from one place to another. So, it is interesting to see the capital structure of Transportration Companies and factor affecting it. The purpose of this study was to look at the effect of asset structre on capital structure of these Transportation Companies. Method used this study descriptive, and the variable used in the study are Asset Structure with Fixed asset to current asset as its proxy in independent variable, and Capital Structure with debt to equity ratio as its proxy in dependent variable. Population used in this study is 10 transportation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with an observation period of 2 years, namely in 2016-2017. The analysis of the data is using descriptive statistics, correlation, significant test, and regression linear. The results of the study shows that there is no significant relationship between asset structure and capital structure of Transportation Sub Sector in the Indonesia Stock Exchange seen from t-count 1.610 with a significant value of 0.436 > 0.05. The result descriptive result shows that sub-sector has average use of debt in debt to equity ratio of 126.40% of debt, which means that transportation company used their capital more in their funding then using debt. For asset structure the result shows that the transportation companies asset structure is more on fixed asset than current asset with ratio of 2.5920.This result indicates that transportation companies have tendencies to focus on fixed asset than current asset in their asset structure. In terms of capital structure they also seem to lean on equity than debt in their capital structure. However, since the result is not significant, it is recommended for future researcher to use different ratios and variables in their study.
Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting with Light-intensity Walking Attenuated Postprandial Hyperglycemia
Authors: Hutapea Albert Manggading , Hutapea Kimberley M. M. , Hutapea Dwight M. M. , Natkime Monalisa
Published: December 2019

Sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for comorbidities and mortality regardless of physicalactivity level. Experimental data show interrupting prolonged sitting is beneficially associatedwith metabolic risk. This study therefore investigated the acute effects of interruptingprolonged sitting with light-intensity walking on postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy adults.This study involved thirty normoglycemic participants. Each of the study participants weregiven a standard 75-grams glucose. The treatment of the participants was divided into twotrials. First, the control trial, the participants were instructed to sit for five straight hours. Theprofile of changes in blood glucose was taken at an inverval of 30 minutes from minutes 0, 30,90, 120, 180, 240, and 300. Second, the experimental trial where the participants wereinstructed to take a short walk for 3 minutes then sit for 27 minutes. Data were analyzed usingpaired T-test. There were no significant data difference at the baseline between trials. Therewere no significant changes in all the point of blood glucose recordings except at 120 minutes,where the postprandial blood glucose of the experimental trial with light-intensity walking wassignificantly lower than that of control trial. The main finding of this study was that breakingup sitting time with short bouts of light-intensity activity attenuated postprandialhyperglycemia. The light-intensity walking attenuated the postprandial hyperglycemia albeitnot significant statistically except at the 120 minutes time point. Postprandial hyperglycemiais a cardiovascular risk factor in people with Type 2 diabetes and even in nondiabetics.Reducing postprandial hyperglycemia improves inflammation and endothelial function andreduces carotid intima-media thickness. Frequent brief interruptions to prolonged sitting withlight-intensity walking, impart beneficial postprandial responses. Further study isrecommended on more prolonged light-intensity bouts of activity and shorter period of sitting.
Reading English Text on Screen vs Reading English Text on Printed-Book: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Marpaung Marlin Steffi
Published: December 2019

There are many people use their smartphones, tablets and computers to read English text. Theuse of gadget was popular to students to help them to improve their English skills especiallyreading. This study sought the preference of the students on reading which is reading onpapers or reading on screen. The respondent of this study was 1% from total students enrolledfor the short-semester, academic year 2018/2019. Each respondent was the representativefrom 5 majors; 1 from Accounting, 1 from Management, 1 from System Information, 1 fromMathematic Education, and 1 from Information Technology. The respondent was chosen

randomly using the ballot system. The semi-structured interviews were utilized with open-ended questions. The semi-structured interview consisted of 10 questions and some followed-up questions to simplify and to make it easy for the students to understand the questions. The

interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed in order to find out the answer of theresearch questions. The result of the study showed that the students prefer reading on screeninstead of paper because it is easy to access and easy to carry everywhere. Three of therespondents was chosen handphone as the easier tool to use when reading English text. Basedon the result, it is recommended for the English teachers to mix the teaching and learningprocess with new technique especially something that work with screen.
Do Leverage Concentration Influence Firms Value
Authors: Sudjiman Paul Edward , Sudjiman Lorina Siregar
Published: December 2019

The primary objective of financial managers is generally stated to be the maximization of shareholders’ wealth by increasing the firm value. This research was undertaken to investigate the effect of corporate financing decisions on firm value. A sample of 10 Iinvestment subsectors companies listed on Indonesia stock exchange for a period of 9 years from 2009-2017 was used. Data were sourced from annual reports of selected firms. The study uses price to book value (PBV) representing firm value for the dependent variable and the corporate financing was measured by Debt equity ratio representing for the independent variable. Ddescriptive analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination, significance test, linear regression analysis was used for statistical technique for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The study revealed that there is a low significant relationship between financial leverage and firms’ value. It was found that an increase in financial leverage is negatively correlated with firm value. The conclusions of this study have practical implications for financial managers of Investment Subsector Companies to include a suitable amount of debt in their equity. The study therefore recommends that financial leverage be optimized by firms to aid maximization of firms’ value.
The Accuracy of The Springate and Zmijewski in Predicting Financial Distress in Cosmetic and Household Subsector Companies
Authors: Sudjiman Lorina Siregar , Sudjiman Paul Eduard
Published: December 2019

Bankruptcy begins with a condition of financial distress. The purpose of this study was to test and analyze the accuracy of financial distress predictions in Cosmetic and Household Subsector Companies listing on the Indonesia Stock Exchange use two models: the Springate (S-Score) model and Zmijweski model. The population in this study are companies in the Cosmetic and Household Subsector Companies listing on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which publishes audited financial statements for fiscal year 2010-2017, which amounted to 5 companies: Martina, MRAT, TCID, UNLV, and ADES. Data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis using Springate score and Zmijewski score. Model Springate with valuation criteria S> 0.862 classified as healthy company, while Zmijewski sets the criteria, if the firm's score is less than 0 (X <0), then the company goes into nonfinancial distress (healthy). From the analysis of financial distress used the S-Score Springate model on Cosmetic and Household Subsector Companies in 2010-2017, companies experiencing distress condition of 21.57%. From the second model used a Zmijweski model, the entire enterprise in good condition. Thus, the accurate prediction method for Cosmetic and Household Subsector Companies registered in Indonesia is the Zmijweski models. The issue of effectiveness in carrying out the company's operational activities must be payed attention both from sales activities, purchases and other activities, so that reduce the decline in corporate profits. However, based on the overall average value the five companies showed healthy conditions.
Effectiveness of boiled Comfrey Leaf (Symphytum Officinale L) on Ureum Creatinine Serum in Male Wistar Strain of Acute Kidney Failure model.
Authors: Sedyati Pelagia , Sudharmono Untung
Published: December 2019

Acute kidney failure is a decrease in kidney that occurs only in a matter of hours even days which can be seen from decreased urine production and increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of boiled comfrey leaf (symphytum officinale L) on Ureum Creatinine Serum in Male Wistar Strain of Acute Kidney Failure model. This research used 30 male Wistar strain rats weighing 180-200 grams and aged 2-3 months that were divided into 3 groups, namely negative group (only given minerals), positive group (kidney damaged by gentamicin 0.3cc IP / day) and the treatment group (the kidneys were damaged with gentamicin 0.3cc IP / day and 2.8 g of boiled comfrey leaf in 150 cc of water and 2.7 cc were given orally for 7 days). Data were analyzed with SPSS version 24, one way ANOVA test was performed to compare the levels of ureum and creatinine. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the ureum of the treatment group and the positive group (p <0.05) but there was no significant difference in the ureum value between the treatment group and the negative group. There was a significant difference in creatinine values between the treatment group, positive group and negative group (p <0.05). As a Conclusion boiled comfrey leaf (symphytum officinale L) water has an effect on decreasing serum levels of ureum creatinine in male rats wistar strain of acute kidney failure model.
Effectiveness of Boiled Cherry Leaf (muntingia calabura L) and Figs Leaves (Ficus Carica) Toward SGOT SGPT Serum of Male Wistar Strain Rats with Acute Hepatitis Models
Authors: Lalihatu Merza Rivano , Sudharmono Untung
Published: December 2019

Hepatitis is inflammation of liver cells. There are two contributing factors: infectious factors and non-infectious factors. Factors causing infection include hepatitis viruses and bacteria. Non-infectious factors for example of drugs usage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of boiled cherry leaves (muntingia calabura L) and Figs leaves (Ficus Carica) to reduce SGOT SGPT levels. The objects in this study were 30 male Wistar strain rats aged 2-3 months with a weight of 180-200 grams. Rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: negative control group, positive control group and treatment group. The positive treatment and control group was induced paracetamol 120 mg / day orally for 7 days. 0.4 grams of Figs leaves (Ficus Carica) and 5 grams of Cherry leaves (muntingia calabura L) is boiled in 200 cc of water to 100 cc of water given as much as 3.6cc orally for 7 days in the treatment group. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 24, ANOVA test was performed to compare SGOT SGPT levels. The results showed there were significant differences in SGPT SGPT levels between the treatment and positive control groups (p <0.05). In conclusion, the boiled water of Figs leaves (Ficus Carica) and cherry leaves (muntingia calabura L) have an effect in decreasing SGOT SGPT serum in male wistar strain rats with acute hepatitis model
Effectiveness Rosy Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L.) Decoction Toward Urea and Creatinine Serum Levels of Male Wistar Strain Rats with Acute Kidney Failure Model
Authors: Situmeang Rani Meinora , Sudharmono Untung
Published: December 2019

Acute kidney failure is a disorder that occurs suddenly in the ability of the kidneys toinfiltrate blood, which is characterized by increased levels of urea and creatinine within a fewhours or days. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Rosy Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L. ) on the levels of urea and creatinine in male Wistar Strain with acutekidney failure models. The object of the study were30 male Wistar Strain Rats aged 2-3months with a weight of 180-200 grams per rat. The study was divided into three groups,namely the treatment group, positive control group, and negative control group. Each groupconsists of 10 male rats. Tread leaves taken as much as 5.2 grams are boiled in 300 cc ofwater until the remaining 100 cc of boiled water. The treatment group and positive controlgroup induced gentamicin 12 mg in 0.3 cc intraperitoneal / rat / day for 7 days. The treatmentgroup was given boiled water for as much as 3.6 cc / day orally for 7 days. Giving agentamicin injection to damage the kidneys. Data collection on urea and creatinine levels wascalculated using the SPSS program version 24 One Way ANOVA test to compare creatinineurea levels. The results showed that there were significant differences in creatinine urealevels between the treatment group and the positive control group (p <0.05). The conclusionof this study is that the boiled water of Rosy Periwinkle ( Catharanthus roseus L. ) is effectivein reducing the level of urea and creatinine of male Wistar Strain Rats with acute kidneyfailure models
The Effectiveness of Boiled Rosy Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) in Decreasing SGOT and SGPT Value of Male Wistar Strain Rats with Acute Hepatitis Model
Authors: Zai Rutdiana , Sudharmono Untung
Published: December 2019

Acute hepatitis is a disease that attacks the liver and causes inflammation in the liver cells which is characterized by swelling, damage, death, and even disruption of liver function, so that it can result in increased values of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Oxaloactic Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Rosy Periwinkle  (Catharanthus roseus) on decreasing SGOT and SGPT level. The object of this research is 30 male Wistar strain rats aged 2-3 months with a weight of 180-200 grams which were adapted for 7 days. The object of this study was divided into 3 groups, namely the treatment group, the positive control group and the negative control group. The treatment group and positive control group were induced Paracetamol 120 mg / day orally for 7 days. 5.2 grams of boiled Rosy Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) as much as 3.6 cc orally for 7 days was given to the treatment group. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 24, One Way ANOVA test to compare SGOT and SGPT values. The results of this study found that there were a significant difference in the SGOT value between the treatment group, the positive control group and the negative control group (p <0.05) and there were significant differences in the SGPT value between the treatment group and the positive control group (p <0.05) . The conclusion of this study is that the boiled Rosy Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) has an effect on the decrease in SGOT and SGPT values in male wistar strain Rats with acute hepatitis model.