bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAJEMEN KELEMBAGAAN USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI KECAMATAN PAGUYAMAN
Authors: Basoly Rahmad Ali Imron , Rauf Asda , Indriani Ria
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) Mengetahui manajemen kelembagaan kelompok tani bawang merah di Kecamatan Paguyaman; 2) Menganalisis faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi berkembangnya kelembagan kelompok tani Bawang Merah di Kecamatan Paguyaman, penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai juni 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei menggunakan kuisioner/angket sebagai alat penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dalam menguatkan kelembagaan kelompok usahatani bawang merah, dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara yaitu meningkatkan kesadaran berkelompok, melakukan pembenahan dalam manajemen kelembagaan kelompok usahatani bawang merah, melakukan peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya petani melalui pelatihan tentang teknologi produksi (budidaya), perlindungan tanaman dan teknik pasca panen bawang merah, serta mengembangkan kemitraan usaha antara pengusaha (pedagang dan pengumpul) bawang merah dengan petani bawang merah. Untuk hambatan utama dalam manajemen kelembagaan usahatani bawang merah adalah minimnya pengetahuan petani, dinamika kelompok kurang aktif, rendahnya partisipasi anggota dan lemahnya koordinasi dan interaksi antar kelompok maupun dengan lembaga terkait (stakeholder).
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Zahir dalam Pengelolaan Dana dan Aset Yayasan Muhammad Yusuf Johar Pontianak
Authors:   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Annisa Riski , Rahayuningsih Panny Agustia ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Murni Sri ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Murni Sri ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Sabaruddin Raja ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Winnarto Monikka Nur ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika
Published: August 2024

Yayasan Pendidikan Muhammad Yusuf Johar mendirikan lembaga pendidikan anak-anak yang diberi nama TPA Modern Nurul Hidayah. Sistem input pengelolan dana masukan dan keluaran serta dana Aset pada Yayasan dan pada TPA Modern Nurul Hidayah Pontianak masih manual, dalam penginputan di laporan keuangan dilakukan satu per satu dari transaksi-transaksi. Laporan keuangan dalam tiap bulan, ataupun setiap tahunnya di buat berdasarkan catatan harian sehingga memungkinkan pada saat proses operasional berlangsung terjadi kesalahan yang berakibat kurang akuratnya laporan yang dibuat dan keterlambatan dalam pengolahan laporan keuangan yang terjadi. Penggunaan aplikasi komputer akuntansi laporan keuangan menggunakan aplikasi akuntansi zahir pada TPA Modern Nurul Hidayah Pontianak merupakan solusi yang terbaik untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang ada, dengan sistem yang terkomputerisasi dapat tercapai suatu pekerjaan yang bisa menunjang operasional.
Bimbingan Belajar Pondok Literasi dan Numerasi ( BIMBEL POLISI )
Authors:   Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah, Rianto Abdi , Mujib Abdul ,   Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah, Sihotang Rohani D ,   Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan Kampus Merdeka yang merupakan wujud implementasi program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi menjadi sumber pengabdian tersebut. Salah satu kegiatannya adalah bimbingan belajar yang melibatkan pemberian bantuan gratis kepada siswa sekolah dasar di bidang pengenalan literasi, numerasi, dan teknologi. Mereka mengikuti kegiatan les ini saat pulang sekolah. Berdasarkan kegiatan bimbinganbelajar, 72,4% siswa memenuhi kriteria tinggi untuk dapat menggunakan berbagai macam bilangan dan simbol yang berkaitan dengan operasi pada bentuk aljabar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, 64,16% memenuhi kriteria tinggi untuk dapat menganalisis grafik, tabel,bagan, dan diagram, dan 70% memenuhi kriteria tinggi untuk dapat mengambil keputusan. Guru dan siswa yang memiliki kemampuan literasi dan numerasi mampu menentukan teknologi yang tepat untuk membantu proses pembelajaran sehingga dapat tersampaikan sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran itu sendiri
Device to Device Disaster Management: Squirrel Search Algorithm Approach
Authors: Murry Lithungo K , Kumar R.
Published: August 2024

Cellular networks can overcome their bandwidth bottleneck problem through the use of device-to-device communication paradigm. In instances of traffic congestion and natural calamities, these technologies aid in preserving the essential connection between user devices. It overcomes the need for nearby user equipment (UEs) to send their radio signals through the BS or the core network to facilitate immediate information sharing. This work addresses relay-assisted device-to-device (D2D) communication in disaster scenarios. An adaptive architecture for D2D communications is developed that can be used in emergency conditions. In particular, fuzzy based a new nature-inspired squirrel search algorithm (SSA) is proposed for CH selection. By using this method, a UERCH is selected and the information is passed through this relay CH. To enable communication between victims of natural catastrophes and emergency personnel, the architecture uses an SDN controller to help it establish a multi-hop routing path. Additionally, we offer a public safety scenario in which a portion of the network goes down as a result of exceptional occurrences like natural disaster, showcasing the robustness and potential of our proposed method. On comparing with the existing approach, the simulation results show that the suggested method achieves low energy usage with enhanced device battery life.
Gender barriers to basic digital skills for employment in the ASEAN region: A review of promising practices
Authors: Wignall Louise , Roberts Anita , Brown Justin , Ahmed Syeda Kashfee
Published: August 2024

Investing in girls’ and women's education can transform the experiences of individuals, as well as shape communities into the future. Girls who are given opportunities to receive an education are more likely to lead productive lives, participate in decision making processes, and shape the trajectories of others. The work of the ASEAN-UK SAGE programme reflects an overarching aim to better understand the challenges facing different types of girls and women in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region, identify promising practices that can support girls and women, and create tangible recommendations for those responsible for supporting girls and women's educational trajectories across the lifespan. With 125,000 new users coming onto the Internet every day, the ASEAN digital economy is projected to grow significantly, adding an estimated $1 trillion to regional GDP over the next decade. There is a need to ensure the workforce is suitably equipped to support this economic transformation. Without focused policy and program effort, there is a risk that more marginalised populations, including girls and women, may miss out on developing skills that will be critical in the future labour market, thus contributing to further inequality and disenfranchisement. As part of a three-part series examining ways to support girls, women, and marginalised populations, this report focuses on understanding the current challenges ASEAN countries face in supporting girls and women to develop the basic digital literacy skills required to enter and thrive in the labour market.
Radiation-Induced Optic Neuropathy Following Radiation Therapy for a Recurrent Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma: A Case Report
Authors: Heggebø Liv Cathrine , Blakstad Hanne , Sprauten Mette , Magelssen Henriette , Ramm-Pettersen Jon , Knutstad Kjetil , Saxhaug Cathrine , Andersgaard Astri , Leske Henning , Brandal Petter
Published: August 2024

A 62-year-old woman underwent a second surgery for a WHO grade 1 tuberculum sellae meningioma 4 years after her primary resection. The meningioma affected her right optic nerve, and there was a microscopic residual tumor after the second surgery. Due to the history of recurrence, residual tumor, and visual decline, she was offered postoperative radiation therapy of 1.8 Gy in 29 fractions, with a total dose of 52.2 Gy. Maximum doses to the anterior optic pathway structures were 53.7 Gy to the chiasm, 53.3 Gy to the right optic nerve, and 52.3 Gy to the left optic nerve. Following a transient improvement, her vision rapidly worsened 7 to 8 months later, with only finger counting possible in her left eye and a nearly total visual field loss. Visual acuity was reduced to 20/60 in the right eye, the visual field was reduced (especially in the lower 2 quadrants), and radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) was suspected. A rare yet disabling condition that may occur following radiation therapy, RION usually presents with painless, rapid visual deterioration in 1 or both eyes. Treatment options are limited, rendering this a devastating radiotherapeutic complication. Systemic steroids were administered to the patient without visual improvement. Bevacizumab was given as a last effort and, after 3 courses, MRI showed some improvement, with regression of presumed inflammatory changes in both optic nerves. However, the patient’s visual function further deteriorated bilaterally. Three additional bevacizumab courses had no effect, neither visually nor radiographically. This case illustrates that despite precautions, including using doses considered relatively safe when planning radiation therapy, RION might develop and may have devastating consequences. Mitigating treatment options are limited.
Portal Vein Stenosis Following Neoadjuvant Therapy With MRgART and Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Adler Evan , Keit Emily , Al-Roubaie Mustafa , Kis Bela , Drake Justin A. , Denbo Jason W. , Hodul Pam J. , Hoffe Sarah E. , Frakes Jessica M. , Palm Russell F.
Published: August 2024

Portal vein stenosis (PVS) is a rare but potentially devastating complication arising after definitive treatment of pancreatic cancer. The condition can manifest as symptomatic ascites, abdominal pain, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, as well as hemorrhage secondary to gastric or esophageal varices. The etiology is often multifactorial but has been associated with tumor progression, chemotherapy, vascular surgery, and radiation. We present a case in which a man with borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer developed symptomatic ascites secondary to PVS following treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent 5-fraction MRI-guided adaptive radiation therapy and pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular reconstruction. Though the incidence of PVS after ablative radiation therapy and surgery for pancreatic cancer appears to be low, it may be under-reported, and patients should be closely monitored in the setting of re-irradiation or planned vascular reconstruction. These findings may help inform future radiation therapy treatment planning guidelines to avoid excessive dose to the portal vein.
MENINGKATKAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI ERA GENERASI Z DENGAN MENUMBUHKAN KESADARAN PENTINGNYA KESEHATAN MENTAL
Authors: Mudarya I Nyoman , Kurniawati Ni Nyoman Novi
Published: August 2024

AbstrakArtikel ini berisi mengenai upaya bagaimana cara meningkatkan sumber daya manusia diera digitalisasi ini. Sebutan generasi Z, tidak asing lagi di indra pendengaran setiap insan manusia. Generasi yang dikatakan akan memberikan berubahan yang sangat signifikan dan luar biasa mengenai dampak kemajuan negara Indonesia, belum juga menggambarkan hal yang diharapkan. Masih banyak sekali penurunan sumber daya manusia yang terjadi terutama di kalangan kaula muda. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan hal ini, dan perlunya tindaklanjut yang perlu diperhatikan. Kaula muda, atau kita kenal sebagai generasi z akhir-akhir ini mengalami kesehatan mental yang tidak karuan tanpa mereka sadari. Hal ini juga menjadikan salah satu sebab penurunan sumber daya manusia, yang diharapkan menjadikan Indonesia lebih maju dengan value yang dimiliki setiap insannya. Adanya ketidaksadaran dan hal yang tertentu lainnya, menyebabkan banyak potensi yang dimiliki generasi z terhambat. Dengan kesadaran dan lebih peka, diharapkan salah satu penyebab yaitu kesehatan mental yang tidak baik akan menyadarkan generasi z lebih mengetahui potensi diri, dan mengasah kemampuan, skill dan bakat agar menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang hebat untuk nusa dan bangsa. Untuk mengwujudkan cita-cita negara yaitu menjadikan Indonesia Emas pada tahun 2045, Generasi Z harus cepat sadar mengenai potensi luar biasa yang mereka miliki.Kata Kunci : Sumber Daya Manusia, Generasi Z, Kesehatan Mental
Implementasi Hak Imunitas Ombudsman Terhadap Gugatan di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Laksana Panji Jaya , Sadino Sadino , Rifai Anis
Published: August 2024

Ombudsman memiliki kekebalan yang diberikan oleh Undang-Undang ketika digugat di pengadilan khususnya Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara, namun pada prakteknya ketika ada gugatan terhadap Ombudsman, Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara tetap memanggil Ombudsman untuk hadir dalam persidangan di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dalam rangka pemeriksaan perkara dengan dalil bahwa pengadilan tidak boleh menolak untuk memeriksa dan memutus suatu perkara yang diajukan. Ketidakhadiran Ombudsman dalam panggilan sidang di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara menimbulkan beberapa opini di masyarakat, Ombudsman dianggap tidak menghormati proses persidangan di lembaga peradilan, ada juga yang menganggap Ombudsman berlindung dibalik pasal imunitas yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana seharusnya hak imunitas yang dimiliki Ombudsman diterapkan dalam Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara berdasarkan norma hukum yang berlaku sebagai asas kepastian hukum dalam rangka menemukan solusi terhadap permasalahan tersebut, untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut penelitian dilakukan dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa batasan hak imunitas yang dimiliki Ombudsman dilihat dari pengaturan hak imunitas Ombudsman sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 10 UU Ombudsman dan beberapa permasalahan dalam penerapan hak imunitas Ombudsman terhadap panggilan sidang Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara seperti konflik norma antara Undang-Undang Ombudsman dengan Undang-Undang PTUN, penanganan berbeda terhadap gugatan di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara, ketidakhadiran Ombudsman dalam panggilan sidang dan peran pemerintah dalam perselisihan antar kedua lembaga.
Liposarcoma Retroperitoneal Gigante: Reporte de un Caso
Authors: Chamorro Cruz Diana Carolina , Macas Cabrera Jairo Geovany , Mejía Ochoa Carlos Vicente
Published: August 2024

Los sarcomas retroperitoneales son un grupo heterogéneo de tumores, dentro de las variantes histopatológicas, el liposarcoma retroperitoneal constituye el 0.07-0.2% de todos los tumores. Este tumor tiene lento crecimiento y puede alcanzar gran tamaño al diagnóstico. El tratamiento de elección para estadios localizados es la cirugía y en ciertos casos puede considerarse la radioterapia y la quimioterapia. El caso clínico que se detalla a continuación es un ejemplo de la presentación de este tipo de tumores en un paciente joven, sin antecedentes de importancia, con diagnóstico de liposarcoma mixto retroperitoneal quien es sometido a quimioterapia, tratamiento quirúrgico y terapia radiante posterior. El objetivo de este artículo es reportar un caso para contribuir a la literatura de esta patología.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Pringsewu Tahun 2024
Authors: Prihantini Ika Swastika , Budiati Endang , Karyus Aila
Published: August 2024

Kepuasan pasien merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam menilai kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Di RSUD Pringsewu, survey kepuasan dilakukan 6 bulan sekali, adapun, waktu tunggu dan kepuasan pasien belum memenuhi target indikator nasional sebesar 100%. Waktu tunggu mencapai 85,77%. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis hubungan akses, proses penerimaan, waktu tunggu, lingkungan fisik, konsultasi dokter, informasin pada pasien dengan kepuasan pasien di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Pringsewu. Jenis penelitian, kuantitatif, dengan desain cross sectional. Adapun jumlah sampel sebanyak 146 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukan ada hubungan akses (p-value 0,042), proses penerimaan (p-value 0,017), waktu tunggu (p-value 0,005), lingkungan fisik (p-value 0,026), konsultasi dokter (p-value 0,022), informasi untuk pasien (p-value 0,018) dengan kepuasan pasien. Variabel waktu tunggu dominan berhubungan dengan kepuasan pasien di Instalasi Rawat Jalan dengan (p-value 0,006 dan OR 7,269). Diharapkan manajemen melakukan evaluasi rutin terhadap kinerja staf serta memberikan pelatihan yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pelayanan dan kemampuan manajemen waktu
Revising Properties of Planet–Host Binary Systems. IV. The Radius Distribution of Small Planets in Binary Star Systems Is Dependent on Stellar Separation*
Authors: Sullivan Kendall , Kraus Adam L. , Berger Travis A. , Dupuy Trent J. , Evans Elise , Gaidos Eric , Huber Daniel , Ireland Michael J. , Mann Andrew W. , Petigura Erik A. , Thao Pa Chia , Wood Mackenna L. , Zhang Jingwen
Published: August 2024

Small planets (R

p
≤ 4 R
⊕) are divided into rocky super-Earths and gaseous sub-Neptunes separated by a radius gap, but the mechanisms that produce these distinct planet populations remain unclear. Binary stars are the only main-sequence systems with an observable record of the protoplanetary disk lifetime and mass reservoir, and the demographics of planets in binaries may provide insights into planet formation and evolution. To investigate the radius distribution of planets in binary star systems, we observed 207 binary systems hosting 283 confirmed and candidate transiting planets detected by the Kepler mission, then recharacterized the planets while accounting for the observational biases introduced by the secondary star. We found that the population of planets in close binaries (ρ ≤ 100 au) is significantly different from the planet population in wider binaries (ρ > 300 au) or single stars. In contrast to planets around single stars, planets in close binaries appear to have a unimodal radius distribution with a peak near the expected super-Earth peak of R

p
∼ 1.3 R
⊕ and a suppressed population of sub-Neptunes. We conclude that we are observing the direct impact of a reduced disk lifetime, smaller mass reservoir, and possible altered distribution of solids reducing the sub-Neptune formation efficiency. Our results demonstrate the power of binary stars as a laboratory for exploring planet formation and as a controlled experiment of the impact of varied initial conditions on mature planet populations.
The First Evidence of a Host Star Metallicity Cutoff in the Formation of Super-Earth Planets
Authors: Boley Kiersten M. , Christiansen Jessie L. , Zink Jon , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin , Lee Eve J. , Hopkins Philip F. , Wang 王 Ji 吉 , Fernandes Rachel B. , Bergsten Galen J. , Bhure Sakhee
Published: August 2024

Planet formation is expected to be severely limited in disks of low metallicity, owing to both the small solid mass reservoir and the low-opacity accelerating the disk gas dissipation. While previous studies have found a weak correlation between the occurrence rates of small planets (≲4R
⊕) and stellar metallicity, so far no studies have probed below the metallicity limit beyond which planet formation is predicted to be suppressed. Here, we constructed a large catalog of ∼110,000 metal-poor stars observed by the TESS mission with spectroscopically derived metallicities, and systematically probed planet formation within the metal-poor regime ([Fe/H] ≤−0.5) for the first time. Extrapolating known higher-metallicity trends for small, short-period planets predicts the discovery of ∼68 super-Earths around these stars (∼85,000 stars) after accounting for survey completeness; however, we detect none. As a result, we have placed the most stringent upper limit on super-Earth occurrence rates around metal-poor stars (−0.75 < [Fe/H] ≤ −0.5) to date, ≤ 1.67%, a statistically significant (p-value = 0.000685) deviation from the prediction of metallicity trends derived with Kepler and K2. We find a clear host star metallicity cliff for super-Earths that could indicate the threshold below which planets are unable to grow beyond an Earth-mass at short orbital periods. This finding provides a crucial input to planet-formation theories, and has implications for the small planet inventory of the Galaxy and the galactic epoch at which the formation of small planets started.
The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey 2: A Stacking Analysis Investigating the Evolution of Star Formation Rates and Stellar Masses in Groups and Clusters
Authors: Trudeau A. , Gonzalez Anthony H. , Thongkham K. , Lee Kyoung-Soo , Alberts Stacey , Brodwin M. , Connor Thomas , Eisenhardt Peter R. M. , Moravec Emily , Puvvada Eshwar , Stanford S. A.
Published: August 2024

The evolution of galaxies depends on their masses and local environments; understanding when and how environmental quenching starts to operate remains a challenge. Furthermore, studies of the high-redshift regime have been limited to massive cluster members, owing to sensitivity limits or small fields of view when the sensitivity is sufficient, intrinsically biasing the picture of cluster evolution. In this work, we use stacking to investigate the average star formation history of more than 10,000 groups and clusters drawn from the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey 2. Our analysis covers near-ultraviolet to far-infrared wavelengths, for galaxy overdensities at 0.5 ≲ z ≲ 2.54. We employ spectral energy distribution fitting to measure the specific star formation rates (sSFRs) in four annular apertures with radii between 0 and 1000 kpc. At z ≳ 1.6, the average sSFR evolves similarly to the field in both the core and the cluster outskirts. Between

z

¯

=
1.60

and

z

¯

=
1.35

, the sSFR in the core drops sharply, and it continues to fall relative to the field sSFR at lower redshifts. We interpret this change as evidence that the impact of environmental quenching dramatically increases at z ∼ 1.5, with the short time span of the transition suggesting that the environmental quenching mechanism dominant at this redshift operates on a rapid timescale. We find indications that the sSFR may decrease with increasing host halo mass, but lower-scatter mass tracers than the signal-to-noise ratio are needed to confirm this relationship.
The Complex Star Formation History of the Halo of NGC 5128 (Cen A)
Authors: Aghdam Sima T. , Javadi Atefeh , Hashemi Seyedazim , Abdollahi Mahdi , van Loon Jacco Th. , Khosroshahi Habib , Golshan Roya H. , Saremi Elham , Saberi Maryam
Published: August 2024

NGC 5128 (Cen A) is the nearest giant elliptical galaxy and one of the brightest extragalactic radio sources in the sky, boasting a prominent dust lane and jets emanating from its nuclear supermassive black hole. In this paper, we construct the star formation history (SFH) of two small fields in the halo of NGC 5128: a northeastern field (Field 1) at a projected distance of ∼18.8 kpc from the center, and a southern field (Field 2) ∼9.9 kpc from the center. Our method is based on identifying long-period variable (LPV) stars that trace their sibling stellar population and hence historical star formation due to their high luminosity and strong variability; we identified 395 LPV stars in Field 1 and 671 LPV stars in Field 2. Even though the two fields are ∼28 kpc apart on opposite sides from the center, they show similar SFHs. In Field 1, the star formation rate (SFR) increased significantly around t ∼ 800 Myr and t ∼ 3.8 Gyr and in Field 2, the SFR increased considerably around t ∼ 800 Myr, t ∼ 3.8 Gyr, and t ∼ 6.3 Gyr, where t is the lookback time. The increase in SFR ∼800 Myr ago agrees with previous suggestions that the galaxy experienced a merger around that time. The SFH reconstructed from LPV stars supports a scenario in which multiple episodes of nuclear activity lead to episodic jet-induced star formation. While there is no catalog of LPV stars for the central part of NGC 5128, applying our method to the outer regions (for the first time in a galaxy outside the Local Group) has enabled us to put constraints on the complex evolution of this cornerstone galaxy.
Deeper, Sharper, Faster: Application of Efficient Transformer to Galaxy Image Restoration
Authors: Park Hyosun , Jo Yongsik , Kang Seokun , Kim Taehwan , Jee M. James
Published: August 2024

The Transformer architecture has revolutionized the field of deep learning over the past several years in diverse areas, including natural language processing, code generation, image recognition, and time-series forecasting. We propose to apply Zamir et al.'s efficient transformer to perform deconvolution and denoising to enhance astronomical images. We conducted experiments using pairs of high-quality images and their degraded versions, and our deep learning model demonstrates exceptional restoration of photometric, structural, and morphological information. When compared with the ground-truth James Webb Space Telescope images, the enhanced versions of our Hubble Space Telescope–quality images reduce the scatter of isophotal photometry, Sérsic index, and half-light radius by factors of 4.4, 3.6, and 4.7, respectively, with Pearson correlation coefficients approaching unity. The performance is observed to degrade when input images exhibit correlated noise, point-like sources, and artifacts. We anticipate that this deep learning model will prove valuable for a number of scientific applications, including precision photometry, morphological analysis, and shear calibration.
Cold Filaments Formed in Hot Wake Flows Uplifted by Active Galactic Nucleus Bubbles in Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Duan Xiaodong , Guo Fulai
Published: August 2024

Multiwavelength observations indicate that the intracluster medium in some galaxy clusters contains cold filaments, while their formation mechanism remains debated. Using hydrodynamic simulations, we show that cold filaments could naturally condense out of the hot gaseous wake flows uplifted by jet-inflated active galactic nucleus (AGN) bubbles. Consistent with observations, the simulated filaments extend to tens of kiloparsecs from the cluster center, with a representative mass of 108–109
M
⊙ for a typical AGN outburst energy of 1060 erg. They show smooth velocity gradients, stretching typically from inner inflows to outer outflows with velocity dispersions of several hundred kilometers per second. The properties of cold filaments are affected substantially by the jet properties. Compared to kinetic-energy-dominated jets, it is easier for thermal-energy-dominated jets to produce long cold filaments with large masses, as observed. AGN jets with an early turn-on time, a low jet base, or a very high power tend to overheat the cluster center and produce short cold filaments that take a relatively long time to condense out.
The Differences in the Origination and Properties of the Near-Earth Solar Wind between Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Shi Xinzheng , Fu Hui , Huang Zhenghua , Yan Limei , Ma Chi , Huangfu Chenxi , Song Hongqiang , Xia Lidong
Published: August 2024

The dependence of the sources and properties of the near-Earth solar wind on solar cycle activity is an important issue in solar and space physics. We use the improved “two-step” mapping procedure that takes into account the initial acceleration processes to trace the near-Earth solar winds back to their source regions from 1999–2020, covering solar cycles (SCs) 23 and 24. Then, the solar wind is categorized into coronal hole (CH), active region (AR), and quiet Sun (QS) solar wind based on the source region type. We find that the proportions of CH and AR (QS) wind during SC 23 are higher (lower) than those during SC 24. During solar maximum and declining phases, the magnetic field strength, speed, helium abundance (A
He), and charge states of all three types of solar wind during SC 23 are generally higher than those during SC 24. During solar minimum, these parameters of solar wind are generally lower during SC 23 than those during SC 24. There is a significant decrease in the charge states of all three types of solar wind during the solar minimum of SC 23. The present statistical results demonstrate that the sources and properties of the solar wind are both influenced by solar cycle amplitude. The temperatures of AR, QS, and CH regions exhibit significant differences at low altitudes, whereas they are almost uniform at high altitudes.
The Instability Mechanism of Compact Multiplanet Systems
Authors: Lammers Caleb , Hadden Sam , Murray Norman
Published: August 2024

To improve our understanding of orbital instabilities in compact planetary systems, we compare suites of N-body simulations against numerical integrations of simplified dynamical models. We show that, surprisingly, dynamical models that account for small sets of resonant interactions between the planets can accurately recover N-body instability times. This points toward a simple physical picture in which a handful of three-body resonances, generated by interactions between nearby two-body mean motion resonances, overlap and drive chaotic diffusion, leading to instability. Motivated by this, we show that instability times are well described by a power law relating instability time to planet separations, measured in units of fractional semimajor axis difference divided by the planet-to-star mass ratio to the 1/4 power, rather than the frequently adopted 1/3 power implied by measuring separations in units of mutual Hill radii. For idealized systems, the parameters of this power-law relationship depend only on the ratio of the planets’ orbital eccentricities to the orbit-crossing value, and we report an empirical fit to enable quick instability time predictions. This relationship predicts that observed systems comprised of three or more sub-Neptune-mass planets must be spaced with period ratios

P

≳

1.35

and that tightly spaced systems (

P

≲

1.5

) must possess very low eccentricities (e ≲ 0.05) to be stable for more than 109 orbits.
Al2O Photochemistry
Authors: Trabelsi Tarek , Francisco Joseph S.
Published: August 2024

The chemistry within the interstellar medium (ISM) is notably influenced by the interplay between kinetics and photochemical processes, which play significant roles in both the formation and destruction of molecular species. This study focuses on theoretical investigations of Al2O photochemistry, aiming to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the production of AlO and Al in the VY-CMa star. Utilizing advanced theoretical methodologies, we explore the lowest electronic states with singlet and triplet spin multiplicities in linear Al2O. We investigated the photostability of Al2O in the near UV‒Vis region, revealing the low likelihood of photodissociation and photoconversion while suggesting the plausibility of fluorescence and phosphorescence phenomena. Calculations also identify three prominent peaks in the UV range at 261.5, 206.2, and 199 nm. Finally, Al2O is predicted to be photostable and cannot be the parent molecule of the diatomic AlO or even the astrochemical reservoir of atomic aluminum. These results contribute to improving the astronomical models in simulating aluminum chemistry in the ISM.
Do All the Quasars and High-excitation Radio Galaxies (HERGs) in the 3CRR Catalog Contain a Magnetically Arrested Disk (MAD)?
Authors: Li Shuang-Liang , Zuo Wenwen , Cao Xinwu
Published: August 2024

Based on the magnetization, an accretion disk with a large-scale magnetic field can be separated into either standard and normal evolution or magnetically arrested disk (MAD), which are difficult to identify from observations. It is still unclear whether all the radio-loud active galactic nuclei (RLAGNs) with a thin disk and strong radio emissions contain a MAD. We investigate this issue by utilizing the 3CRR catalog. We compile a sample of 35 quasars and 14 high-excitation radio galaxies powered by a thin accretion disk. In order to consistently compare with the MAD sample given by Li et al., the optical-UV emissions of our sample are all detected by the Hubble Space Telescope. It is found that the average X-ray luminosity (L
X) of our sample is about 5.0 times higher than that of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei with matching optical-UV luminosity (L
UV), in general accord with the factor of 4.5 times in MAD sample within the uncertainty. The relationship between radio (5 GHz) and X-ray (2 keV) luminosities in the 3CRR sources is also found to be consistent with the MAD sample. Furthermore, the jet efficiencies of 3CRR sources are consistent with those from the GRMHD simulations of MAD. Therefore, we suggest that probably all the quasars and at least a fraction of high-excitation radio galaxies in the 3CRR catalog, and perhaps all the RLAGNs with strong radio emissions contain a MAD.
Cyclical Period Changes in Cataclysmic Variables: A Statistical Study
Authors: Souza Leandro , Baptista Raymundo
Published: August 2024

We report the results of a statistical study of cyclical period changes in cataclysmic variables (CVs). Assuming the third-body hypothesis as the cause of period changes, we estimate the third-body mass, m
3, and its separation from the binary, a
3, for 21 CVs showing cyclical period changes from well-sampled observed-minus-calculated diagrams covering more than a decade of observations. The inferred a
3 values are independent of the binary orbital period, P
orb, whereas the m
3 values increase with P
orb by 1 order of magnitude from the shortest period (oldest) to the longest period (youngest) systems, implying significant mass loss from the third body with time. A model for the time evolution of the triple system is not able to simultaneously explain the observed behavior of the m
3(P
orb) and a
3(P
orb) distributions because the combined mass loss from the binary and the third body demands an increase in orbital separation by factors ∼140 as the binary evolves toward shorter P
orb's, in clear disagreement with the observed distribution. We conclude that the third-body hypothesis is statistically inconsistent and cannot be used to explain cyclical period changes observed in CVs. On the other hand, the diagram of the amplitude of the period change versus the CV donor-star mass is consistent both with the alternative hypothesis that the observed cyclical period changes are a consequence of magnetic activity in the solar-type donor star, and with the standard evolutionary scenario for CVs.
Extended Cyclotron Resonant Heating of the Turbulent Solar Wind
Authors: Bowen Trevor A. , Vasko Ivan Y. , Bale Stuart D. , Chandran Benjamin D. G. , Chasapis Alexandros , Dudok de Wit Thierry , Mallet Alfred , McManus Michael , Meyrand Romain , Pulupa Marc , Squire Jonathan
Published: August 2024

Circularly polarized, nearly parallel propagating waves are prevalent in the solar wind at ion-kinetic scales. At these scales, the spectrum of turbulent fluctuations in the solar wind steepens, often called the transition range, before flattening at sub-ion scales. Circularly polarized waves have been proposed as a mechanism to couple electromagnetic fluctuations to ion gyromotion, enabling ion-scale dissipation that results in observed ion-scale steepening. Here we study Parker Solar Probe observations of an extended stream of fast solar wind ranging from ∼15 to 55 R
⊙. We demonstrate that, throughout the stream, transition range steepening at ion scales is associated with the presence of significant left-handed ion-kinetic-scale waves, which are thought to be ion cyclotron waves. We implement quasilinear theory to compute the rate at which ions are heated via cyclotron resonance with the observed circularly polarized waves given the empirically measured proton velocity distribution functions. We apply the Von Kármán decay law to estimate the turbulent decay of the large-scale fluctuations, which is equal to the turbulent energy cascade rate. We find that the ion cyclotron heating rates are correlated with, and amount to a significant fraction of, the turbulent energy cascade rate, implying that cyclotron heating is an important dissipation mechanism in the solar wind.
An Earth Encounter as the Cause of Chaotic Dynamics in Binary Asteroid (35107) 1991VH
Authors: Meyer Alex J. , Fuentes-Muñoz Oscar , Gkolias Ioannis , Tsiganis Kleomenis , Pravec Petr , Naidu Shantanu , Scheeres Daniel J.
Published: August 2024

Among binary asteroids, (35107) 1991VH stands out as unique given the likely chaotic rotation within its secondary component. The source of this excited dynamical state is unknown. In this work, we demonstrate that a past close encounter with Earth could have provided the necessary perturbation to allow the natural internal dynamics, characterized by spin–orbit coupling, to evolve the system into its current dynamical state. In this hypothesis, the secondary of 1991VH was previously in a classical 1:1 spin–orbit resonance with an orbit period likely between 28 and 35 hr before being perturbed by an Earth encounter within ∼80,000 km. We find that if the energy dissipation within the secondary is relatively inefficient, this excited dynamical state could persist to today and produce the observed ground-based measurements. Coupled with the orbital history of 1991VH, we can then place a constraint on the tidal dissipation parameters of the secondary.
Improving Prelicensure Student Learning and Experience With Interactive Online Learning Modules
Authors: Stuffle Megan E.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Fundamentals of Nursing students at a large school of nursing in the Midwest reported difficulty using their course textbooks. There was also an increase in course failures and a decrease in performance on a Fundamentals of Nursing National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX-RN
®
) preparatory proctored examination.

Method:

A pilot project was implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of interactive, online learning modules compared to textbook readings on student performance, access and use of resources, and student experience.

Results:

Following the pilot there was a significant improvement in course grades among traditional but not accelerated students using the modules compared to those using the textbook. Students reported that the modules were more engaging, cost-effective, and appealing to various learning styles. Weaknesses identified were the module lengths and technological concerns.

Conclusion:

The online, interactive modules engaged students with course materials, reduced costs, and may have changed student performance. Additional research is needed among students in other courses and programs.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(X):XXX–XXX.]
A flexible model for bounded data with bathtub shaped hazard rate function and applications
Authors: Irshad M. R. , Aswathy S. , Maya R. , Al-Omari Amer I. , Alomani Ghadah
Published: August 2024

The unit new X-Lindley distribution, which is a novel one-parameter distribution on the unit interval, is presented in this study. It was developed by altering the new X-Lindley distribution using the exponential transformation. This new one-parameter distribution's fundamental features, including moments, incomplete moments, Lorenz and Bonferroni curves, Gini index, mode, extropy, Havrda and Charvat entropy, Rényi entropy, and Tsallis entropy, are explored. Additionally, it has bathtub-shaped hazard rate functions and monotonically increasing hazard rate functions with a single parameter. The new distribution is therefore sufficiently rich to model real data. Also, different estimation methods, such as maximum likelihood, least-squares, and weighted least-squares, are used to estimate the parameters of this model, and using a simulation research, their respective performances are evaluated. Finally, two real-life datasets are used to demonstrate the suggested model's competency.
The trends in viticulture and winemaking in the context of wine tourism development in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Bodiroga Radomir , Banjanin Tijana , Vukojević Ateljević Dajana , Kerma Simon
Published: August 2024

The article looks at viticulture, wine production and wine tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The cluster analysis was carried out to identify the current situation and to explore the possibilities for the development of wine tourism as an additional segment that can contribute to a better positioning of both sectors and to the diversification of the income of wine producers in the country. The analysis identified three different groups (clusters) of wine producers with different capacities. Given the different structure of wineries, the possibility of diversifying agricultural and rural policy measures must be examined in order to contribute to a more intensive development of viticulture and winemaking which would also encourage the development of the tourist offer for each wine producer.
Understanding the Minimal Clinically Viable Solutions for Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis via the Integration of AI-Powered Intelligent Systems
Authors: Komalasari Rita
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on healthcare, with a focus on illness diagnosis and prognosis, led by Luca Parisi's pioneering research. Parisi advocates for developing clinically viable solutions for diseases, integrating machine learning (ML) and evolutionary algorithms to improve clinical decision support systems (CDSS). Emphasis is placed on interpretability and trustworthiness. The research underscores AI's potential to revolutionize clinical decision-making, enhancing patient care and outcomes. It contributes to advancing green AI-powered intelligent systems for disease prognosis, filling literature gaps and promoting minimal clinically viable solutions to enrich clinical efficacy.
The Effects of Marine Debris on Indonesia's Coral Reefs and Mitigation Initiatives
Authors: Isdianto Andik , Luthfi Oktiyas Muzaky , Setyanto Arief , Fathah Aulia Lanudia , Putri Berlania Mahardika
Published: August 2024

Marine debris severely threatens coral reefs in Indonesia. This chapter aims to examine the effects of marine debris on coral reefs in Indonesia and explore the corrective actions implemented to solve this problem. This chapter relies on secondary data from scientific literature, government records, and environmental organisations. Land and sea waste damage Indonesian coral reefs, causing physical, chemical, and biological harm. Indonesia has worked with the government, environmental organisations, and local communities to mitigate this. These initiatives consist of beach and water cleanups, public awareness, and education through a variety of educational campaigns, the development of waste management technology, and the establishment of environmental policies and regulations regarding waste management. For Indonesian coral reef conservation to succeed, cross-sector collaboration and community participation are essential. Despite significant mitigation efforts, challenges remain that require a greater commitment to protecting coral reefs and reducing the damaging impacts of marine debris.
Same Ocean, Different Currents
Authors: Pallero Cristina , Fernández del Reguero Silvia , Oviedo José L.
Published: August 2024

Fisheries management has evolved and addressed diverse disciplines including the application of mathematical models, economic analysis, and sector behavior considerations. Models use interrelated variables that require a balanced assessment, while recent literature stresses the importance of integrating biological/ecological with social/economic aspects. This study conducts a review of 35 studies focusing on the state-of-the-art of two key currents: management strategy evaluation and bioeconomic analysis. The analysis was done for small pelagic fisheries due to their global significance. The results show the importance of socio-economic variables and emphasizes the need to address the behavioral and economic facets specific to fisheries which have been insufficiently explored. The emphasis on prioritizing analytical reality over theoretical models highlights the importance of basing policy decisions on empirical evidence and practical considerations. The study identifies areas in need of further research and includes a critical discussion of the main approaches to a common resource.
Science Communication of Coastal and Marine Issues
Authors: Matias Ana , Pinto Bruno , Carrasco A. Rita
Published: August 2024

Marine and coastal science communication plays a major role in fostering community resilience and motivating collective actions for ocean sustainability, especially within initiatives such as the Ocean Decade and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Despite growing interest and communication efforts, challenges for scientists remain. This chapter aims to present a portfolio of communication activities and critically reflect on their advantages and disadvantages. It outlines 10 Portuguese communication cases, covering beach/dune and salt marsh dynamics, research methods, aquaculture, environmental sustainability, climate change impacts, and pollution. An integrated analysis evaluates key messages, required resources, and target audiences, including a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis and comparisons of budget, team size, and audience reach. Despite being limited to 10 specific case studies, the chapter offers a broad spectrum of communication activities, providing insights and a catalogue for marine and coastal science communication.
Post-Pandemic Higher Educational Challenges
Authors: Yigit Sureyya
Published: August 2024

Since the beginning of the pandemic, universities acted in a differentiated and efficient manner. To contain the pandemic, the central measures related to contact restrictions and hygiene requirements at universities - including a partial suspension of face-to-face teaching in favour of digital online distance teaching. In this way, they sustainably reduced the risk of infection in their area of responsibility and, at the same time, continuously enabled students to complete a degree course. The pandemic has made the career paths of mothers - but also fathers - in science and the studies of people with family/care responsibilities more difficult. However, it has also made them easier sometimes, depending on the perspective. Universities and science have changed due to the pandemic, and this must continue to be taken into account more closely in the future to learn from the coronavirus crisis concerning how we can deal with other crises we are currently experiencing.
Proletariat Speaks
Authors: Bardhanroy Maitreyee
Published: August 2024

The overall aim of the chapter is to explain the role of the women in the IT sectors. The Indian society gives us an insight into Karl Marx`s ideology of capitalist, proletariat relationship under the modern patriarchal social structure. The same ideology while looked up from the outer world with a different disguise and from different ideological perspectives we consider it as the representative of the modern socio-economic structure where the limitation of the women is exhibited in determining the relation between the men and the women especially in the third world countries. The limitation of the women community under the modern social structure is important in the developing world the nomenclature and the pattern of social relations existing in the third world nation (where inequality in the society is prevalently observed in their socio-cultural fabric).