bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bone Mineral Density and Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Loxton Phoebe , Narayan Kruthika , Munns Craig F , Craig Maria E
Published: July 2021

Background

There is substantial evidence that adults
with type 1 diabetes have reduced bone mineral density (BMD), however findings in
youth are inconsistent.

Purpose

Systematic review and meta-analysis of BMD in
youth with type 1 diabetes using multiple modalities: dual energy X-ray
absorptiometry (DXA), peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and/or
quantitative ultrasound (QUS).

Data Sources

PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science from
01/01/1990 to 31/12/2020, limited to humans, without language restriction.

Study Selection

Inclusion criteria: cross sectional or cohort
studies that included BMD measured either by DXA, pQCT and/or QUS in youth (age
<20 years) with type 1 diabetes and matched controls.

Data extraction

Total body (TB), lumbar spine (LS) and femoral
BMD (DXA); tibia, radius and lumbar spine (pQCT); and phalanx and calcaneum
(QUS). Weighted mean difference (WMD) or standardized mean difference (SMD)
were estimated and meta-regression was performed using age, diabetes duration
and HbA1c as covariates.

Data Synthesis

We identified 1300 non-duplicate studies; 46 met the inclusion
criteria, including 2617 cases and 3851 controls. Mean age was 12.6 ± 2.3 years. Youth with type 1 diabetes had lower BMD: TB
(WMD -0.04 g/cm2, 95% CI -0.06 to -0.02, P=0.0006); LS (-0.02 g/cm2, -0.03 to -0.0, P = 0.01); femur (-0.04 g/cm2,
-0.05 to -0.03, P<0.00001); tibial
trabecular (-11.32 g/cm3,-17.33 to -5.30, P=0.0002), radial trabecular (-0.91, -1.55 to -0.27, P=0.005); phalangeal (-0.32, -0.38 to
-0.25, P<0.00001) and calcaneal (SMD
-0.69, -1.11 to -0.26, P=0.001). Using meta-regression TB BMD was associated
with older age (coefficient -0.0063, -0.0095 to -0.0031, P=0.002), but not longer diabetes duration or HbA1c.

Limitations

Meta-analysis was limited by the small number of studies
using QUS and pQCT and lack of use BMD z-scores in all studies.

Conclusions

Bone development is abnormal in youth with type 1
diabetes, assessed by multiple modalities. Routine assessment of BMD should be
considered in all youth with type 1 diabetes.
Perbandingan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik melalui penerapan model problem based learning (PBL) dan discovery
Authors: Astuti Noviana Sari , Priyayi Desy Fajar , Sastrodiharjo Santoso
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan ketrampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang menerapkan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan Discovery. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi exsperimental research) dengan rancangan posttest only control grup design. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X IPA 1 untuk penerapan PBL dan kelas X IPA 2 untuk penerapan Discovery di SMA N 1 Pabelan. Data di peroleh melalui tehnik tes, angket, dan observasi. Ketrampilan berfikir kritis peserta didik diukur dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan independet sample T-test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh nilai sig 0,013 (< 0,05) dan t hitung 2,573 (< t tabel 2,021). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan secara signifikan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang dimiliki peserta didik yang menerapkan model PBL dan Discovery. Keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang menerapkan model PBL memiliki rata-rata yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang menerapkan model Discovery.
PERGESERAN TRADISI BELALEK DALAM BUDAYA BERTANI MASYARAKAT MELAYU SAMBAS
Authors: Wiyono Hadi , Ramadhan Iwan
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the shifting of Belalek tradition as seen from the factors of socio-cultural change, especially in the agricultural sector in the Sambas Malay society of Sentebang Village. The method used descriptive qualitative using observation, interview and documentation. The results revealed that people of Sentebang Village preferred to use the wage system compared to the remuneration system or called Belalek, the ease and efficiency of machine technology as a result of modernization, and the openness to changes and developments that occur. These three things have caused a shift in Belalek tradition.
SPIRIT TA’AWUN DALAM STRATEGI PEMASARAN PEDAGANG PASAR BESAR KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Safitri Novi Angga
Published: July 2021

In the practice of Ta'awun, the traders of Pasar Besar at Palangka Raya City performed it by helping each other in providing and selling the goods needed by buyers, as well as to other fellow traders. However, there were still some traders who did not help each other with other traders because they thought there was business competition. This study attempted to determine the form and constraints of the implementation of Ta'awun spirit of the traders’ marketing strategy. The form of implementation of the Ta'awun Spirit in Pasar Besar traders at Palangka Raya City was to apply the P4 concept, namely: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. The obstacles to the implementation of the Ta'awun Spirit of Pasar Besar traders at Palangka Raya City were divided into two, namely: (a) from the traders’ perspective, the problem was that sometimes there were traders who did not give their wares to other traders for resale. In addition, in terms of price sometimes it was not in accordance with the agreement. When other traders want to sell their goods. They sold goods to fellow traders with a price higher than the market price. (b) From the buyers’ side, when the desired product has been provided, and the item was already existed, the buyers suddenly cancelled without  unclear reasons and sometimes impatient, so that they just left when the item is being looked for.
A comparison of grass silages harvested at first, second and third cut on feed intake and milk production of dairy cows
Authors: Sairanen Auvo , Kajava Sari , Palmio Annu , Rinne Marketta
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to compare the milk production potential of first, second and third harvest of grass silage from the same sward in Northern latitudes. Three change-over design dairy cow feeding experiments were conducted during different years which differed markedly in weather conditions. The silages were supplemented with a cereal based The objective of this study was to compare the milk production potential of subsequent first, second and third cuts of grass silage from the same sward in Northern latitudes. Three change-over design dairy cow feeding experiments were conducted during different years which differed markedly in weather conditions. The silages were supplemented with a cereal based concentrate (average concentrate proportion 431 g kg-1 diet dry matter). Feed intake and milk production was highest with first-cut and lowest with third-cut silage. The energy corrected milk yields averaged over three experiments were 35.0, 33.2 and 31.9 kg d-1 for first, second and third harvest silages, respectively. Respective dry matter intakes were 23.1, 21.9 and 20.7 kg d-1. Compared to analysed feed values, the average intake of third-cut silages was lower than expected. Due to the high risk of low intake potential of third-cut silages, they are not recommended for cows in early lactation if there are other silages available.
Pelaksanaan Pembinaan Narapidana Residivise di Lembaga Pemasyarakat
Authors: Sari Dessi Perdani Yuris Puspita
Published: July 2021

This article aims to answer the problem of how the process of coaching for recidivist prisoners is and to find out what are the obstacles to the implementation of coaching for recidivist prisoners in Correctional Institutions. In this study, the author uses descriptive research, while the approach method uses empirical juridical. The results and conclusions in this study are that the process of fostering recidivist prisoners carried out in prisons is based on Law Number 12 of 1995 concerning Corrections and Government Regulation Number 31 of 1999 concerning Education and Guidance of Correctional Inmates. The convict coaching stage begins with the registration of prisoners and is followed by a coaching process which is divided into 4 (four) stages, while the obstacles faced in fostering recidivists in Correctional Institutions among the very prominent reasons are the facilities and infrastructure of the institution, the number of officers and prisoners is not comparable , the ability of the officers who are lacking, the absence of supervision from superiors and agencies related to the performance of the officers.
Ketika Keamanan Privasi Data Pribadi Semakin Rentan, Bagaimana Negara Seharusnya Berperan?
Authors: Zaid Zaid
Published: July 2021

This article aims to determine the role and responsibility of the government in protecting personal data of all individuals, studied through normative research methods with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of this study ultimately outlines what must be done by the government by forming law on personal data protection which guarantees its determination, implementation and supervision, forming its Sector Supervisory and Regulatory Agency, forming the Attorney General's Office to prepare a court that is responsive in handling personal data privacy violations.
Recall Referendum sebagai Alternatif Proses Penggantian Antarwaktu Lembaga Legislatif di Indonesia
Authors: Hilmy Muhammad Irfan , Marfiansyah Trian
Published: July 2021

This article aims to provide democratic ideas related to the Intertemporal Replacement process and to find out about its less democratic practices so far. The research method used in this article is a normative juridical research method, with a statutory, case and conceptual approach. The purpose of this discussion is to analyze a memory process which is more democratic and more appropriate for application in Indonesia and to identify recall practices in Indonesia. The result of this study is that the recall process given to political parties only makes the recall instrument a tool for political parties in controlling their members in the legislative body as well as to scare their members who are against the policies of political parties. Things like this certainly hinder the development of democracy in the institutional system in Indonesia. This is shown from several recall cases which only for reasons contrary to political parties then expel their members from membership in the legislature. To change this practice, in this study, an interim replacement mechanism with a referendum recall process was initiated to involve the people in the process of dismissing members of the legislature so as to maintain the interests of political parties to remain democratic and prevent interim replacements from being used as weapons to frighten legislators. With the recall of the referendum, the people will be fully involved in the recall process so that the process becomes more transparent and democratic.
Legalitas Impor Vaksin Covid-19 Perspektif Maqashid Syariah
Authors: Ni'mah Allina Mustaufiatin , Syufa'at Syufa'at
Published: July 2021

This article aims to determine the legality of importing Covid-19 vaccines by the Ministry of Health from sharia maqasid perspective. This article is a literature study using literature review as the primary legal source. The results of the study show that the legality of importing Covid-19 vaccines in maqshid sharia aims to make people believe and obey the government's vaccination program to decrease the spread of the Covid-19 virus and the death rate to protect the lives (hifáº“ al-nafs) of the Indonesian people. The legality of importing the Covid-19 vaccine using salam contract mechanism is known to have unfulfilled conditions, namely the object specification requirements.The object specifications in this case include halal assurance, thayib and safety guarantees of Covid-19 vaccine products. Therefore, the audit process from BPOM and halal certification from MUI used as the basis for the legality of importing the Covid-19 vaccine, make the object specification requirements fulfilled. If in the process of importing the Covid-19 vaccine there is force majeure, the agreement can be renewed or canceled and if there is a dispute, it can be resolved through arbitration.
Abuse of law as a prerequisite for the criminalization of a socially dangerous act
Authors: Guzeeva Olga Sergeevna
Published: July 2021

Within components of a crime, the abuse of law can be presented as a method or content of illegal behavior. The assessment of these circumstances in law lacks consistency, which necessitates their analysis in the context of general rules of criminalization. To optimize criminal and legal means of preventing the abuse of law, it is necessary: 1) to oppose general rules on the abuse of law in communication between private entities to general rules on responsibility for the abuse of law in interaction with state institutions; 2) to limit general rules on liability for the abuse of law to the violation of the established procedure for realizing subjective rights inherent in a person; 3) to assess such violations according to the rules applicable to the totality of the crimes committed if the consequences of the abuse of law exceed the danger of the abuse itself.
Improving methods of state support for the tourism and hospitality industry in the context of digitalization
Authors: Blagodir Аlla Leontievna , Skabeeva Larisa Ivanovna , Sergeeva Yulia Sergeevna , Sharonin Pavel Nikolaevich , Fedorov Alexander Grigorievich
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to improving the methods of state support for the tourism and hospitality industry in the context of digitalization. It is proved that the policy in the field of tourism and hospitality industry should take into account the goals of socio-economic policy that determines the line of reforms. The authors state that the tourism and hospitality industry has become a special system that combines both the historical and cultural heritage of the state and the most recent information technologies in the field of territorial development and communications, as well as note that tourist and hotel companies are digitalizing their activities rigorously and effectively, receiving significant revenues.
Victimological aspects of the history and modern living conditions of meskhetian turks in the Kherson Region of Ukraine
Authors: Makovskaya Daria Vladimirovna , Garas Lyudmila Nikolaevna
Published: July 2021

One of the components of the currently forming common Ukrainian identity is presented by ethnonational victimization. Its discourses are changing depending on the features of historical development and the modern socio-economic living conditions of ethnic groups in the multi-ethnic Ukraine and are contingent on the characteristics of the interaction of these ethnoses with the contacting ethnic groups and state authorities. The study results reveal that victimizing content is found in the specific characteristics of Meskhetian Turks’ integration in the host community owing to the features of their identity and ethnocultural characteristics, as well as in the negative perception on the part of contacting ethnic groups and regional economic problems. Negative historic events and contemporary problems of the Ahiska Turks in the Kherson region are often presented through the prism of blaming the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, the representatives of said community show loyalty to the Soviet past and the Russian people.
"REVISITING CROWDING-OUT EFFECT OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: ITS IMPACT ON EXTRINSIC AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION"
Authors: LEE Hyung-Woo
Published: July 2021

Scholars have believed that motivation crowding out will occur when performance-based personnel management is practiced in the public sector. However, drawing on a more sophisticated typology of human motivation, this study demonstrates that the provision of extrinsic rewards can motivate, rather than demotivate, public employees even if public employees have strong public service motivation. Analyzing the data from the Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (USA), this study found that the practice of employee performance management increases work effort and job satisfaction, and that such effects were mediated mainly by the hybrid motivational mechanisms (i.e., via enhanced self-concepts and perceived fairness), rather than by increasing sheer extrinsic motivation. This implies that the practice of employee performance management can be effective in motivating public employees.
Guadalupe Rodríguez Domínguez, La imprenta en México en el siglo xvi. Editora Regional de Extremadura, Mérida, 2018; 538 pp.
Authors: Higashi Alejandro
Published: July 2021

Éste es uno de esos casos en los que la brevedad del título no debe distraernos del calibre de los resultados de investigación que se presentan. Pero tampoco es un mal título: nada más para recordar a un precursor muy cercano en el rigor y la intención, aunque no en el método, viene de inmediato a nuestra mente la Bibliografía mexicana del siglo xvi de Joaquín García Icazbalceta (1886), reeditada modernamente nada más ni nada menos que por Agustín Millares Carlo en 1954…
Julio Alonso Asenjo, La Égloga de Virgine Deipara. Estudio y edición. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 2018; 220 pp.
Authors: Gómez Jesús
Published: July 2021

El autor del libro reseñado ha conseguido realizar, a lo largo de su dilatada trayectoria universitaria, un notable esfuerzo para enriquecer las investigaciones en torno a la tradición renacentista del teatro escolar hispánico...
The The Effect of Alginate, Chitosan, and Nano Chitin as Encapsulation Materials of L. casei Probiotic Bacteria
Authors: Djaenudin  , Saepudin Endang , Nasir Muhamad
Published: July 2021

Alginate, nano chitin, and chitosan polymers can be used to protect the Lactobacillus casei  from gastric conditions. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of alginate, nano chitin, and chitosan as encapsulation materials of  L. casei  on their survivability in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The encapsulation  process in this study was carried out by the extrusion  method. The resulted beads were soaked  in SGF (pH of 1.2 and 3) for 1 and 60  min at 37°C. In SGF pH 1.2 for 60 min, the survivability of L.casei in all variations of the experiment was 0% except those encapsulated from alginate (1%), nano chitin (0.2%), and chitosan (0.2) % of 75.35%. In SGF pH 3 for 60 min, the survivability of L.casei was 0% for beads unencapsulation and encapsulation made from alginate, while the highest survivability of L.casei was 81.22% obtained in various encapsulation experiments using alginate (1%), nano chitin (0.2%), and chitosan (0.2%). The addition of nano chitin or chitosan to L.casei encapsulation material can increase the survivability of L.casei, also showed that the combination of alginate, nano chitin, and chitosan  in the encapsulated material significantly increased the survivability of L.casei at SGF pH 1.2 and 3.
Hearing Function among Squadron 11/Attack Helicopter Pilots in 2019–2020
Authors: Sasongko Sigit , Buana Awan , Rahayu Dara Fuji , Kurniawan Wildan
Published: July 2021

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is sensorineural deafness resulting from prolonged exposure to loud noise. In the military environment, personnel with NIHL are often found. One of the professions that are at risk for NIHL is an aviator. Some of the factors that influence the degree of deafness are age and length of work. This research is a descriptive quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were Squadron 11/Attack helicopter pilots at Achmad Yani Air Base, Semarang, totaling 32 pilots, which were taken from medical record data. Sampling was done by total sampling. The data obtained were processed using SPSS and grouped into tables accompanied by descriptive explanations of each characteristic. The audiogram results showed that 32 pilots were normal, across all age and length of service categories. This result is due to the appropriate use of hearing protection device (HPD), in the form of a helmet that reduces noise up to 14 dB at 250 Hz, 21 dB at 1000 Hz, 26 dB at 2000 Hz, 37 dB at 4000 Hz, and 42 dB at a frequency of 8000 Hz, which pilots use. The pilot's working time is relatively short with a flight training schedule only
2 times a week and a flight time of around 2-3 hours. The conclusions of the study showed a description of normal hearing function in all Squadron 11/Attack helicopter pilots, based on age and length of service.
A Study of Commonly Used Design Solutions for Green Roofs in Dhaka City and their Comparative Analysis
Authors: Hossain Mehreen , Mahmud Hassan , Khan Sujaul Islam
Published: July 2021

Although architects, landscape designers and building engineers have been designing and building green roofs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, there is a dearth of evidence based research regarding the best practices of setting design parameters, available solution types and performance. Based on the descriptive survey method, this study identifies three basic types of green roofs. The common construction and use related design parameters used by the local practitioners were identified. The three types of green roofs are compared on the basis of their performance against these design parameters. It was concluded that further research, proper policies and research based development in the practice is necessary to materialize the true potential of green roofs and roof top gardening in Dhaka which will address the UN sustainable development goals.
A Literature Review of High Quality Development in Manufacturing
Authors: Teng Xingle
Published: July 2021

China's economy has entered a new stage of development. High-quality manufacturing development is an important part of the high-quality development of the Chinese economy, and promoting high-quality manufacturing development is a strategic requirement in response to changes in the internal and external situation. This paper reviews and summarizes the important achievements of the research on the high quality development of manufacturing industry in recent years from four perspectives: connotation, path, evaluation system and evaluation of the high quality development of regional manufacturing industry, and points out the shortcomings of the current research.
IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH FOLKLORE STORY AT MAN 1 PALU
Authors: Pelo Ila Susani , Rasmi  , Syam Hijrah
Published: July 2021

This research aims to determine whether students’ reading comprehension can be improved by using the Folklore Story. The participants were 20 eleventh grade students. The researcher had carried out research during the pandemic, the number of students was limited by the school. The research employed true experimental and need pre-test and post-test to both experimental class and control class. The population of this research is students in the eleventh grade of Man 1 Palu. The students were selected randomly. They are 20 students of class XI MIA 1 as the experiment class and XI MIA 4 as a control class. The research analysed the data statistically data collection. The result of data analysis shows that the experimental class (86) is higher than the mean score of the control class (69). The deviation score of experimental class (8.75) is higher than of the control class (5.37). So, the result of t-counted (1.644) which is higher than t-table (0.081). in analyzing the data, the researcher used 0.05 level of significance and the degree of freedom (df=10+10-2) it means that the hypothesis of the research was accepted. Therefore, the Folklore Story can improve students’ reading comprehension.
Field Response of Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and Honey Locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) to Aminocyclopyrachlor1
Authors: Westra Philip , Hildebrandt Curtis , Takano Hudson K. , Gaines Todd A. , Dayan Franck E.
Published: July 2021

Field trials were conducted to assess the impact of aminocyclopyrachlor on green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall) and honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos L.) trees in an urban environment. Aminocyclopyrachlor is a relatively new, selective, plant-growth-regulator herbicide in the pyrimidine carboxylic acid family. Treatments were applied to Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) sod growing with and without trees present. Evaluations included determination of a safe spraying distance from target trees and the effect of application timing on tree response. This multi-year study showed that green ash was highly tolerant to aminocyclopyrachlor while honey locust developed severe injury in trees closest to applications. Honey locust trees up to 7 m (23 ft) from the tree trunk to the edge of the application displayed moderate to severe injury symptoms and fall treatment in October and November had the lowest tree injury compared to all other application timings. Honey locust trees exhibiting moderate to severe cosmetic injury would not be acceptable to landowners; recovery over time was minimal. Trees located 13 m (43 ft) away displayed no injury for any treatment timing. Soil analysis demonstrated that aminocyclopyrachlor dissipation was the same underneath green ash and honey locust trees, and that dissipation was faster in the presence of growing trees. Taken together, these results provide a basic groundwork necessary for improving aminocyclopyrachlor labels, and a better understanding of this herbicide's effect on certain woody species.

Index words: Herbicide injury, aminocyclopyrachlor, herbicide fate, tree safety.

Species used in this study: Green ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall, honey locust, Gleditsia triacanthos L.

Chemicals used in this study: Aminocyclopyrachlor.
Book Book review of Beth A. Dixon.2018. Food justice and narrative ethics: reading stories for ethical awareness and activism.
Authors: Hobbs Gabrielle
Published: July 2021

 
Ruko dalam Sejarah Arsitektur Kota Perbaungan, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Sutrisna Deni
Published: July 2021

AbstractRuko as one of architectural city tipologies that have been contributed in the historical of Indonesian cities, included Perbaungan City, North Sumatera. In its journey until now, ruko appeared with many different image, in fact often becoming a part of disorganized in a city.
Songket Batubara pada Masyarakat Melayu Pesisir Timur Sumatera
Authors: Jufrida Jufrida
Published: July 2021

AbstractTraditional weaver in Indonesia had been already in clasic time. Some archaeologist evidence like tera decoration/ceramics stamp, relief, inscription, and writings showed was activity for making clothes since in the past. Likewise with Batubara songket the traditional clothes for Malay people, as long of newest time, it grew up and showed from its tools maker, matter, and the design.
Kopi: Komoditas Unggulan dari Masa Kolonial di Dataran Tinggi Gayo Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: Sutrisna Deni
Published: July 2021

AbstractCoffee is a commodity that has an important value for trading. In the Gayo Highland, Aceh Tengah, coffee isn’t just known by it’s taste, it’s existence since Dutch colonial era has sprung new villages in Aceh Tengah region.
Rentang Budaya Prasejarah Nias: Dating dan Wilayah Budaya
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrehistoric culture in Nias Island are consist of palaeolithic, mesolitic, to megalithic.Till now, it’s culture dominated by megalithic traditions. Based on the carbon dating to some mesolithic and megalithic sites, found that time period of mesolithic culture to the middle Ages in North Nias cultural area. Time period of megalithic culture in South Nias cultural area around 600—350 years ago and 260 years ago in North Nias cultural area.
Nisan Plakpling, Tipe Nisan Peralihan dari Pra- Islam ke Islam
Authors: Oetomo Repelita Wahyu
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe plakpling gravestone type spreaded a lot in Aceh, which is quiet possible that it’s a change of type from pre Islam to Islam era. From the inscriptions on it’s surface, this gravestone was assumed that it’s older than other gravestones.
Mengapa Seniman Memahatkan Figur Raksasa Menari Pada Batur Biaro Bahal I ? (Sebuah Tinjauan Semiotika Piercian)
Authors: Restiyadi Andri
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the Piercian Semiotics, a reliefs can be seen as a system of signification that consist of, an object (called sign in Saussurean Semiotics), representamen (reference of an object), and interpretan (a new object (sign) as a result of the relation between an object and its representamen based on iconical, indexical or symbolical ground). By means of that, in order to understood why Sumateran arthist were sculpted the rakshashas figure in a dancing gesture on the base-feet of Biaro Bahal I, is by connected that reliefs with the iconical, indexical or symbolical ground that exist in their people. For example, a relation with the Vajrayana Buddhism doctrine.
Lahan Basah dan Arkeologi Nusantara
Authors: Intan Muh. Fadlan S. , Koestoro Lucas Partanda
Published: July 2021

AbstractReferring to the assumption that the technology gives deep influence to the human ability to adapt the environment, we have found that the research result could describe the influence of environment to human being in the simplest level in cultural evolution. In line with that, the role of human in changing the environment will increase in parallel with the development of technology. As one of environmental form, there’s a wide wetland in Indonesia which is known as an wetland country and people also depend on it. Wetland has an importand value in contributing the biological variance, world climate regulator, source of food, etc that give the benefit to the human’s life and others. It’s not surprising that there’s lot of archaelogical sites on wetland area.
Kreativitas Partonun dalam Menimbulkan Efek Komunikasi Pemasaran Ulos
Authors: Simatupang Defri Elias
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article about ulos, a traditional clothes made by Batak People. Nowdays, many partonun (people who made ulos) difficult to sell it. They complain about that and finally did not serious to preserve this culture. As a traditional ancestor heritage ulos must be competing in this global market era.So actually they need a new creativity to think how ulos can be more impotant. This Writing want to think about creativity by using communicatioan market theories.
Panji, Karya Nusantara yang Mendunia: Suatu Kajian Folklor Tentang Keberterimaan “Barang” Impor
Authors: Soedewo Ery
Published: July 2021

AbstractPanji story is one of creativity form from ancient Java periode that’s still enjoyed till now in many representation forms. The spread of it not only in South-East Asia archipelago but also to South- East Asia mainland. The similarity of some autochton elements made the story could be accepted in anyplace
Tokoh Surrya (Juru Pāndai) dalam Penulisan Prasasti Gunung Tua (Bhatāra Lokanātha)
Authors: Nasoichah Churmatin
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe mention of the name of Pāndai is rarely to be found in an inscription without any mention of the name of a king, royal official or a person who receives the inscription. His ability in mastering bilingual and expertise in making a statue Lokanātha, which is an important figure in Buddhism, not make an ordinary pāndai. He is mentioned in the inscription by the name of Suryya. In Mandailing society, Suryya is associated with their ancestors named Namora Pande Bosi.
Peranan Media dalam Pemberitaan Penggalian Arkeologis di Situs Takengon Berdasarkan Teori Agenda Setting
Authors: Simatupang Defri Elias
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article tries to describe the extent to which the public interest against an archaeological excavation that has been covered by mass media. By using the approach of mass communications (agenda setting theory), it is tried to make a model of how to link the interest of various stake holders to the news coverage of archaeological excavation in order to achieve the optimum benefit..
Uang Kebon : Mata Uang Lokal Perkebunan di Tanah Deli
Authors: Nasoichah Churmatin
Published: July 2021

Abstract“uang kebon” (money which is used in “plantation”) is a special type of currency issued and used in Deli area of plantation, east of Sumatera. As a medium of exchange,money used by contract workers for the sale and purchase transaction where the money they normally receive as wages in the early and mid of the month. “uang kebon” or token money is often referred to using the unit of dollars and cents with the variaty of shapes and sizes according to the taste of plantation owners. “Uang kebon” is one of tools to bind the contract workers so they cannot escape from the plantation area.
Simangambat, Candi Hindu di Sumatera Utara
Authors: Taim Eka Asih P.
Published: July 2021

AbstractSimangambat temple was reported by Schnitger, a Dutch Scholar, in 1935. At that time Simangambat was already became a brick ruins, some of sandstones were bare a very beautiful relief. In 2008 and 2009 a team from National research and development center for archaeology and Medan archaeological office tried to revealed all of things about Simangambat, its architecture, religious, art, and style.
Teknik Tatap – Landas di Sentang, Tanjung Tiram, Batubara, Sumatera Utara (Teknik Pembuatan Tembikar Tradisi Neolitik)
Authors: Christyawaty Eny
Published: July 2021

AbstractPottery is one of the old cultural product when people lived in prehistoric times. Humans have known and to make pottery from clay material since humans feel the need for containers for storing and cooking food. Pottery has a very important role in society life. Making pottery with a paddle anvile technique is a technique known in neolithic culture. Until now, these techniques are still used in several places in Indonesia, such as in Sentang, Tanjung Tiram, North Sumatera
Fungsi Magis Alat Reproduksi Manusia dalam Konsep Binary Opposition dan Simbol
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: July 2021

AbstractDepictions of human reproduction is found in many megalithic buildings. The magical reproductive function is often equated between the phallus and the vulva. It tends to occur in communities that no longer has a cultural context that is consistent with the idea of megalithic. For it is very important to do a review of reproductive function approach to the concept of the symbols and the binary opposition. This is done considering means of reproduction as a symbol that has a different function with each other. Moreover, the concept of binary opposition developed until now.
Batu Boraspati dan Batu Kelang, Keterkaitannya dengan Kehidupan Agraris Masyarakat Pakpak
Authors: Hidayati Dyah
Published: July 2021

AbstractPakpak community belief that there is spirit have control their land, Beraspati ni Tano. To show their mutual respect to that, they make lizard or flying lizard ornament on their traditional house and also symbolize that with lizard or flying lizard stone statue. At the rice planting season, they run the ritual for plentiful harvest hoping.
Rumah Tinggal Tjong A Fie: Akulturasi dalam Arsitektur Bangunan pada Akhir Abad ke-19 di Kota Medan
Authors: Christyawaty Eny
Published: July 2021

AbstractTjong A Fie’s residence is one of the monument of the Colonial buildings are situated on Jl. Ahmad Yani, no. 105, Kesawan, Medan, North Sumatera. The building was built in 1885 to 1900. This paper aims to examine architectural styles that affect Tjong A Fie’s house. Scope of the study include: the pattern layout, layout, construction, decorative ornaments used in. The approach used is qualitative descriptive research. Data collection using direct observation in the field, but it also carried an interview. To deepen the analysis is conducted literature study which related to the topic under study. Sources of data used in this study is artifact and textual. Architectural style Tjong A Fie's house is the result of acculturation of Chinese architecture, Colonial and Malay.
Indikasi Budaya Hoabinh pada Alat Litik Temuan Singkapan di Situs Loyang Mendale
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: July 2021

AbstractTrought the lithic tool, the indication of cultural periodization and the development of culture could be refered to. Also, by the finding of a lithic tool in Loyang Mendale site. It can indicate time and cultural periodization which was growing at the time. Those understanding can be achieved by doing the description of the morphology and the technology on lithic equipment. In addition to the description, the comparison object can be done trought the lithic tool-making stages of processing compared with lithic tool around Loyang Mendale site that has a contemporary culture. Based on morphological and lithic technology in a tool of cultural sites hoabinh lowland and highland hoabinh culture sites produced relativaly similar morphology. In addition, the same technology as the technology during mesolithic culture that developed on the Loyang Mendale site has compatility with the hoabinh culture.
Cultural Transform di Situs Benteng Putri Hijau
Authors: Purnawibowo Stanov
Published: July 2021

AbstractArchaeology not only describing about the past, but also present. The form of cultural transformation process which describe the process of archaeological record disposition in the post-depositoanal factors, one of example form describe from present. Cultural transformation of archaeological record was found in Benteng Putri Hijau site. Precipitation position of archaeological data and stratigraphy can give information about cultural transformation data and contexts remain found in archaeological deposition.
Jembatan Kebajikan ( Chen Tek ): Objek Bersejarah Perekat Antaretnis di Kota Medan
Authors: Sutrisna Deni
Published: July 2021

AbstractA city, an essentially gathering place of a society with various activities, must include such aspects of spaciousness, density, social heterogeneity, market, administrative function, a source of life, and culture elements that differentiate it from other social groups outside it. Medan is a city with a diverged cultural element, which is not only observable from the people life but also building heritage. The bridge of wholesome is a structure that describes an inter-ethnic unity, which is realized in an inscription containing a variety of language and alphabets on its fence. Pioneered by a Chinese benefactor, the bridge is now in a very pathetic condition being threatened by the modernization of Medan. This research, using qualitative and inductive reasoning, is aimed at solving a question of how the architecture and the spirit of multi-ethnicity of the bridge came into existence. Data investigation is conducted through library data research and field observation.AbstrakSebuah kota hakekatnya adalah tempat bagi berkumpulnya masyarakat dengan beragam aktivitasnya. Selain itu kota juga mencakup unsur-unsur keluasan, kepadatan, heterogenitas sosial, pasar, fungsi administratif, sumber kehidupan, dan unsur budaya yang membedakan dengan kelompok sosial yang ada di luarnya. Salah satu kota dengan keragaman unsur budaya adalah Kota Medan, dan unsur tersebut bukan hanya tercermin dari kehidupan masyarakatnya, juga ada pada tinggalan materi bangunannya. Jembatan Kebajikan merupakan jembatan yang menggambarkan pembauran antar etnis yang terwujud dalam bentuk prasasti dengan ragam huruf dan bahasa pada bagian pagarnya. Jembatan yang digagas pembangunannya oleh tokoh dermawan etnis Tionghoa yaitu Tjong Yong Hian kini kondisinya mengkhawatirkan terdesak oleh derap pembangunan kota Medan. Bagaimana arsitektur dan semangat multi etnis bisa muncul pada jembatan objek sejarah itu, merupakan permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan alur penalaran induktif diterapkan dalam penelitian. Adapun penelusuran data dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan data kepustakaan dan observasi di lapangan.
MAKNA DAN FUNGSI BEBERAPA STEMPEL DAN MATERAI KUNA DARI ACEH DAN RIAU
Authors: Soedewo Ery
Published: July 2021

Stamps and Seals are tools that used as a decisive validity of issued by the empire, institution, trading house and individual. Its existence was the evidence of the authority legitimation, as a symbol that there was a confermed a nobility’s degree upon a foreigner and also showed the changing of the bureaucracy structure because of the new political power.
REMOTE LEARNING IMPACTS ON STUDENT WELLBEING
Authors: Ostafichuk Peter M. , Tse Mimi , Power Jacob , Jaeger Carol P. , Nakane Jonathan
Published: July 2021

This study tracks wellbeing of a large cohort of first-year engineering students at a large Canadian university over a remotely-delivered academic year. This continues a similar tracking study completed with inperson instruction the previous year. Data were collected through short, weekly surveys rotating through the student cohort. Overall, the results show relatively consistent stressors across the year, driven primarily by academics, and very similar to data from the previous year delivered in person. Wellbeing scores (measured through the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale) declined slightly through the year, and were overall lower than the previous academic year delivered in-person. Considering factors of EDI, female students showed slightly lower wellbeing scores than male students, while international students showed slightly higher scores than Canadian students.
SIMULATING CLASSROOMS: EXPERIENCE WITH AGENT-BASED MODELS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Drzewiecki Nathalie , Laird Gayle , Nelson Nancy , Pande Riya , Paul Robyn , Popovic Andjela , Villarreal Juan , Brennan Robert
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we share our experiences applying agent-based modelling (ABM) to engineeringeducation problems. ABM is a well-established modelling approach that has been successfully applied to a range of natural science, engineering science, and social science problems. However, its application to the scholarship of teaching and learning is in the early stages. The examples in this paper focus on two general areas: (1) teaching and learning, and (2) academic administration. We follow an established ABM framework to describe how each model was approached and how the models differ from each other. Our experience has been that ABM offers a promising tool for engineering education researchers, particularly as an early “prototyping” tool when designing an engineering education study.
THE COGNITIVE SCIENCE OF POWERPOINT
Authors: Paul Jeffrey W. , Seniuk Cicek Jillian
Published: July 2021

PowerPoint, Google Slides, Keynote, Prezi and other visual tools have become ubiquitous in modernclassrooms, business meetings, and engineering briefings. Unfortunately, many slides are poorly designed with a high cognitive load. That is, they either contain too much information or have poorly organized information. Given the inverse correlation between cognitive overload and memory, reducing the cognitive load of slides can lead to more effective presentations – improving communication, retention, and instruction.  The paper will first provide an overview of cognitiveload theory and its significance/relation to human factors engineering. Then, selected theories from cognitive psychology, including the expert-novice divide, dualchannel theory, gestalt principles, and constructivism will be introduced. Using authentic examples of classroom slides, this paper will demonstrate how these cognitive theories' practical application can reduce cognitive load.  This paper aims to be a "why-to" as well as a "how-to" guide for improving visual pedagogical aids, specifically, slides, in the engineering classroom.
AN EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING APPROACH FOR DEVELOPING MENTAL MODELS IN ENGINEERING DESIGN EDUCATION
Authors: Li S. , Chua C.
Published: July 2021

Mental simulation represents how a person interprets and understands the causal relations associated with the perceived information, and it is considered an important cognitive device to support engineering design activities. Mental models are considered information characterized in a person’s mind to understand the external world. They are important components to support effective mental simulation. This paper begins with a discussion on the experiential learning approach and how it supports learners in developing mental models for design activities. Following that, the paper looks at the four types of mental models: object, making, analysis and project, and illustrates how they capture different aspects and skills of design activities. Finally, the paper proposes an alternative framework, i.e., Spiral Learning Approach, which is an integration of Kolb’s experiential learningcycle and the Imaginative Education (IE) framework. While the Kolb’s cycle informs a pattern to leverage personal experiences to reusable knowledge, the IE’s framework suggests how prior experiences can trigger imagination and advance understandings. A hypothetical design of a snow removal device is used to illustrate the ideas of design-related mental models and the spirallearning approach.
THE EFFECT OF EXPERIENTIAL ENGAGEMENT WITH VIRTUAL LEARNING ON UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT SUCCESS
Authors: Chorlton Bronwyn , Martins-Robalino Austin , Espinosa-Merlano Natalia , Gales John
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to better understand the effect of undergraduate engineering student engagement with an experiential learning opportunity on academic success in a virtual format. Students in a second year Civil Engineering Materials course that was virtual due to the COVID-19 pandemic were given the option to shift a portion of the final exam weight onto an experiential project. The project consisted of the construction and loading of a small bridge, introducing an experiential component to the virtual course. As a reflective question onthe final exam, students were asked to record a brief video testimony related to their motivations and any perceived benefits for participating or not participating in theproject. Of the students who participated in the bridge project, 58% were characterized as having thorough or above average knowledge and understanding of the graduate attribute indicators, relative to 33% of students who did not participate. Engagement with the bridge project through experiential learning therefore aligned with strengthened understanding of the graduate attributes, within the restrictions of the remote environment. In planning for future online courses, this study shows a method of engaging students with an experiential activity virtually, its positive effect on academic achievement, and other associated benefits.