bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of CO2 passive degassing at sulphur Banks from Kilauea Volcano using thermal Infrared Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Boubanga Tombe S , Guyot E
Published: March 2023

From volcanic emissions gases carbon dioxide (CO2) is generally the most abundant with the lowest solubility among the volatile compounds of magmatic liquids and the less susceptible than most other magmatic substances. Thus, volcanic CO2 emission rates could play an important role for constraining the role of magma degassing in the biogeochemical cycle of carbon. However, measurements of CO2 emission rates from volcanoes remain challenging, mainly due to the difficulty of measuring volcanic CO2 against the high level of CO2 in the atmosphere. In this work, infrared multispectral imaging was used to identify and quantify volcanic carbon dioxide
Recognising decals in Second World War camouflage German helmets
Authors: Salerno A , Colombo C
Published: March 2023

This study shows the results of pulse thermography on WWII camouflageGerman steel helmets with the intent to visualize the decals covered by the camouflage paint and also to distinguish betweenthe army and navy decals.Navy and army decals both had the same shield shape, with a figure inside comprising aneagle and a swastika. Mostof the navy decals,however, were produced with a multilayer technique resulting in adifferent thickness for theeagle and the swastikainside the decal.Many decals were visible behind the paint and a multi-layerednavy decal could bespotted to
Infrared thermography analysis of the ancient soapstone quarry in Chiavenna
Authors: Ludwig N , Melada J , Gargano M , Bonizzoni L , Giudici M , Apuani T
Published: March 2023

The research aims to characterize the thermal behavior of a rock mass forming a little hill at the confluence of two glacial valleys in the Italian Alps, known since centuries for the particular warm microclimate and its botanical-archeological park. The characterization from a thermophysical point of view is done both with laboratory tests exploiting infrared thermography coupled with petro-physical characterization and in the field long-term thermographic survey.Methods based on infrared thermography allowed to measure thermal diffusivity, conductance and specific heat. The measurements animals to evaluate the use of thermographic methods for the early detection of falling rocks and to study the characteristics of temperate local microclimat
Multitask learning approach for fruit ripeness prediction using a dual band thermal camera
Authors: Albert-Weiss D , Netzelmann U , Osman A
Published: March 2023

Multi-Task Learning allows to comprehend multiple tasks based on a single neural architecture by making the assumption that the tasks are related. We propose a multi-head architecture that allows to classify melon fruits into ripeness classes by taking images based on dual bandaid-and longwave infrared (IR) thermography. To study the ripening labels based on sugar content, firmness and aroma are studied. We are able to show that multi-task learning delivers superior results for multimodal and multi-label situation when different tasks exhibit a positive transfer
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF INDUCTIVE THERMOGRAPHY: A NOVEL INDUCTOR FOR MULTI-DIRECTIONAL CRACK DETECTION
Authors: López de Urald Pablo , Gorostegui-Colinas Eider , Urtasun Beñat , Mata-Etxaniz Jon
Published: March 2023

In the application of inductive thermography as a non-destructive testing technique for crack detection, the relative orientation of the induced currents with respect to the cracks is a fundamental parameter[1].During the last year, a new multidirectional inductor has been developed[2]. In this paper, this new inductor concept is applied to the detection of defects in components that belong to different industrial sectors in order to prove its utility. Obtained results are compared to traditional inductors
Contribution of IR thermography to assess lightning-strike impact resistance of carbon fiber composite materials
Authors: Roche JM , Gavérina L , Beauchêne P
Published: March 2023

The resistance of carbon fiber composite materials to low-velocity mechanical impact damage has been studied in numerous works.It has been shown that both matrix, whether thermoset or thermoplastic and architecture, laminate or woven, have substantial effects on the composite resistance. The stake of the present paper is to investigate how those observations can be transposed to lightning-strike impacts.Tothat end, several types of carbon fiber composites are submitted to lightning arcs and active infrared thermography is then used as a non-destructive evaluation tool to assess the resulting damage
Thermo-optical corrections for accurate temperature determination by thermography in an industrial furnace
Authors: Fuente R , Arregui PX , Hernani M , Fernandez-Lotina A , Crespo A , Echániz T , Aranguren E , Fernández A , Arzua I , López GA
Published: March 2023

Petronor aims to monitor the surface temperature of the tubes inside a high temperature reforming furnace to avoid failures that could result in unplanned plant shutdowns. For this purpose, a thermographic camera has been installed in the furnace wall. However, the temperature readings obtained from the images provided by the camera include several spurious contributions and effects that produce a deviation in the value, so that various arrangements need to be performed. This work addresses the thermal and optical correction models that have been developed in order to obtain accurate temperature measurements
Defect Detection Enhancement, A Survey
Authors: Fleuret J R , Ebrahimi S , Ibarra-Castanedo C , Maldague X P V
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates several methods that can improve the segmentation of defects. The literature in terms of defect detection is quite rich but often the method involved introduces approaches that will facilitate the defect detection. Few papers introduce methods involving the segmentation of images. These papers nevertheless are dependent on many priors,offer partial detection when the defect’s surface has non-homogenous physical features. Robust approaches are extremely time-consuming. In the recent years, several works have proposed approaches that have rendered previously time-consuming methods more reasonable in terms of execution time. These approaches such as Dense Conditional Random Fields are well known for their ability to make quite robust segmentation. Because these methods take into account the area surrounding the defect, they have the ability to reconstruct the topology of defects that have been segmented into different regions e.g. dueto an inhomogeneity at the surface.
Continual learning to study the ripening of agricultural commodities using infrared thermography
Authors: Albert-Weiss D , Netzelmann U , Netzelmann A
Published: March 2023

Deep learning holds on the assumption that the data trained on come from the same data distribution. While continual learning is a revolving branch in deep learning which allows to break this assumption, it tries to infer novel tasks by not forgetting previously acquired knowledge when data is incrementally available. Using regularization-based approaches and replay methods, we are able to show that good results can be achieved when training on thermal datasets to alleviate forgetting previous tasks
3D photothermal imaging of subsurface damage evolution in fibrous composite materials due to fatigue loading
Authors: Gahleitner L , Thummerer G , Mayr G
Published: March 2023

In this study, we present results from 3D photothermal imaging of the damage evolution in fibrous composite materials due to fatigue loading using the virtual wave concept. We apply pulsed thermography during step-wise fatigue loading for a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer sample, which contains a central open hole. In addition, we discuss the influence of the ambient conditions from in-situ photothermal testing on the virtual wave signal. Comparison with 3D computed tomography measurement data shows very good agreement with thermographic reconstructions. Thermography has the advantage over other methods that it allows inline measurements directly on the tensile testing machine
Melatonin as a Harmonizing Factor of Circadian Rhythms, Neuronal Cell
Cycle and Neurogenesis: Additional Arguments for Its Therapeutic Use in
Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Shukla Mayuri , Vincent Bruno
Published: March 2023

The synthesis and release of melatonin in the brain harmonize various physiological functions.
The apparent decline in melatonin levels with advanced aging is an aperture to the neurodegenerative
processes. It has been indicated that down regulation of melatonin leads to alterations of circadian
rhythm components, which further causes a desynchronization of several genes and results in an
increased susceptibility to develop neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, as circadian rhythms and
memory are intertwined, such rhythmic disturbances influence memory formation and recall. Besides,
cell cycle events exhibit a remarkable oscillatory system, which is downstream of the circadian phenomena.
The linkage between the molecular machinery of the cell cycle and complex fundamental
regulatory proteins emphasizes the conjectural regulatory role of cell cycle components in neurodegenerative
disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Among the mechanisms intervening long before
the signs of the disease appear, the disturbances of the circadian cycle, as well as the alteration of the
machinery of the cell cycle and impaired neurogenesis, must hold our interest. Therefore, in the present
review, we propose to discuss the underlying mechanisms of action of melatonin in regulating the
circadian rhythm, cell cycle components and adult neurogenesis in the context of AD pathogenesis
with the view that it might further assist to identify new therapeutic targets.
Power Minimization in Cell-Free Massive MIMO with AP Selection
Algorithm
Authors: Sheikh Tasher Ali , Rasagnya Yannabhathala , Rajesh Valipi , Raju Devarenti Salman , Rajasekaran Subramamiam
Published: March 2023

Background:

The cell-free massive multiple input multiple outputs (CF M-MIMO) is the
key and emerging technology for 5G and beyond, which gains more attention from many researchers
and academicians. The cell-free M-MIMO enhances the system throughput, latency, spectral
efficiency (SE), and energy efficiency (EE) of the communication network.

Objective:

In this paper, we formulate a framework for joint access point selection (APS) and power
control algorithm for improving the EE and at the same time maintaining the system capacity.

Methods:

The max-min power control algorithm is used for efficient power allocation among the
access points (APs) by using the minimum mean square error (MMSE), zero-forcing (ZF), and
conjugate beam-forming (CB).

Results:

We were successfully able to enhance and maintain the optimal system capacity of the cellfree
M-MIMO systems.

Conclusion:

The simulation result shows that the system capacity is improved when efficiently allocating
the power with max-min power control algorithm.
ASSESSMENT OF THE AGRO-INPUT SUPPLY SECTOR IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Isah Musa Ahmad , Abdullahi Sanni Ozomata , Aliyu Aishat Ammani , Sadiq Sanusi Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Most farmers are experiencing challenges and constraints in accessing agricultural inputs, thus leading to poor and underutilization of agro inputs and consequently low agricultural productivity in most part of sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the agro-input supply sector in Kogi state. A total of 157 input dealers were randomly selected across the twenty-one local government areas in the state. Data were collected using well-structured questionnaire complemented with interview schedule and were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that agro-chemicals, fertilizer and feed were the major inputs supplied by most of the retailers and wholesalers that hardly engage in activities that create awareness about their products. Input prices were the most important preference and consideration factor in the purchase of agro-input by customers and form the basis for competition. Casual, family and child labours that proved to be cheaper, commonly accessible and do not require signing of formal employment contract with workers dominated both the retail and wholesale sectors. Poor government support, poor business condition in addition to poor capital base, high transportation cost, price fluctuations, adulteration were the identified major constraints affecting the agripreneurs. The study recommends capacity development on new marketing strategies, registration of businesses with relevant agencies, provision of credit and financial services; formation of formidable, strong and mutual-trust co-operative societies for input supply actors so as to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of the agricultural inputs supply sector in the state.
PRICE VOLATILITY ANALYZE IN EARLY PANDEMIC COVID 19 OUTBREAKS: CASE STUDY IN GORONTALO PROVINCE SHALLOT MARKET
Authors: Bakari Yuliana
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020 led to unpredictable price fluctuation in agricultural commodities such as Shallots. The purpose of this research was to analyze the price fluctuation behavior of shallots in Gorontalo Province during the Covid-19 Pandemic and the price volatility surge as well as the effect of the pandemic during 2020. This study used data from The National Food Strategy Information Center in the form of weekly price in time-series from January 2018 to December 2020. The data analysis on price volatility was conducted using the Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedastic and Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (ARCH / GARCH) Models. The results show that shallot price behavior randomly fluctuates every year, is more unpredictable, and has significant fluctuation over 2020. The ARCH / GARCH models prove that Pandemic Covid-19 in 2020 triggered the unpredictable price fluctuation and led to price volatility of shallots commodity in Gorontalo Province.
Superconducting noise-source for ultra-low temperatures
Authors: Kim T. M.  , Shitov S. V.
Published: March 2023

The device operates at temperatures <300 mK and comprises a hafnium microbridge and a superconducting aluminum tunnel junction both integrated into a common coplanar waveguide. The microbridge matches with a planar antenna and operates as an optical blackbody at frequencies 600-700 GHz. The coplanar terminal is the blackbody output in the 1-2 GHz frequency range. The microbridge temperature can be set in the range of 0.4-9 K and calibrated using the shot noise of the tunnel junction. Temperature modulation of each of the sources can be performed independently using a direct current which transit them from the superconducting to the normal state with characteristic times <0.1 ms and heating power ~ 1 μW. Keywords: Superconducting microbridge, superconducting tunnel junction, thermodynamic noise, shot noise, noise thermometry.
Contexto de cadena cítricos - limón tahití
Authors: Vergara Peña Dais Johanna
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de cítricos - limón tahití enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena ñame
Authors: González Cerón Sandra Paola
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de ñame enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena quinua
Authors: Ortiz Flórez Sebastian Alejandro
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de quinua enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena café
Authors: Yepes Vargas Luz Andrea
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de café enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena hortalizas - lechuga
Authors: Ortiz Flórez Sebastian Alejandro
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de hortalizas - lechuga enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de hortalizas - ají
Authors: Ortiz Florez Sebastian Alejandro
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de hortalizas - ají enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena guayaba
Authors: González Cerón Sandra Paola
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de guayaba enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Contexto de cadena avícola
Authors: Yepes Vargas Luz Andrea
Published: March 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena avícola enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
Physical Versus Virtual Reality–Based Calm Rooms for Psychiatric Inpatients: Quasi-Randomized Trial
Authors: Ilioudi Maria , Lindner Philip , Ali Lilas , Wallström Sara , Thunström Almira Osmanovic , Ioannou Michael , Anving Nicole , Johansson Viktor , Hamilton William , Falk Örjan , Steingrimsson Steinn
Published: March 2023

Background

Interest in sensory rooms or so-called “calm rooms” in psychiatric inpatient care has increased significantly. In a hospital setting, their purpose is to introduce a relaxing environment to increase well-being as well as to decrease anxiety and aggressive behaviors. Calm rooms can also be used as a tool to provide self-help through a convenient environment for the patients and, at the same time, strengthen the therapeutic relationship between the patient and the professional. Recent developments in virtual reality (VR) have made virtual calm rooms possible, but these have not yet been evaluated in psychiatric inpatient care.

Objective

This study aimed to compare the effects of VR and physical calm rooms on self-reported well-being and physiological markers of arousal.

Methods

The study was conducted in 2 inpatient psychiatric wards specializing in bipolar disorder from March 2019 to February 2021. Patients who were already admitted were asked if they were interested in using a calm room and willing to provide ratings. This study relied on the quasi-randomized allocation of patients to the wards, which either had a physical or VR calm room. Self-assessment scales (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Self Assessment [MADRS-S], Beck Anxiety Scale, and Clinical Global Impression) were used to determine the participants' baseline level of depressive and anxiety symptoms before their use of the physical or VR calm room. The study determined the state of well-being measured using an 11-point visual analog scale (VAS) as well as arousal measured by blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart rate before and after the use of the calm rooms. The primary end point was self-reported well-being using the VAS.

Results

A total of 60 participants were included—40 used the VR calm room and 20 used the physical calm room. The mean age of participants was 39 years and the majority were women (35/60, 58%). Analysis of VAS measurement showed improved well-being at the group level from before to after the intervention (P<.05), with no statistically significant difference in effects between the 2 different interventions. Effects were not moderated by baseline depression levels (dichotomized as MADRS-S >20 or ≤20) despite an overall difference in reported well-being between subgroups.

Conclusions

Although the power in this study was low, the findings of this first study indicate comparable effects with respect to well-being and arousal of a VR calm room and a physical calm room. This suggests that a VR calm room can be a viable alternative when the use of a physical calm room is not an option for logistic or other reasons.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03918954; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03918954
Association of Socioeconomic Status With Long-Term Outcome in Survivors After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Nationwide Population-Based Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yoo Kyung Hun , Cho Yongil , Oh Jaehoon , Lee Juncheol , Ko Byuk Sung , Kang Hyunggoo , Lim Tae Ho , Lee Sang Hwan
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major public health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have focused on improving the survival of people who have had OHCA by analyzing short-term survival outcomes, such as the return of spontaneous circulation, 30-day survival, and survival to discharge. Research has been conducted on prehospital prognostic factors to improve the survival of patients with OHCA, among which the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and survival has been reported. SES could affect bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates and whether OHCA is witnessed, and low cardiopulmonary resuscitation education rates are associated with low SES. It has been reported that areas with high SES have shorter hospital transfer times and more public defibrillators per person. Previous studies have shown the impact of SES disparities on the short-term survival of patients with OHCA. However, understanding the impact of SES on the long-term prognosis of OHCA survivors remains limited. As long-term outcomes are more indicative of a patient’s ongoing health care needs and the burden on public health than short-term outcomes, understanding the long-term prognosis of OHCA survivors is important.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify whether SES influenced the long-term outcomes of OHCA.

METHODS

Using health claims data obtained from the National Health Insurance (NHI) service in Korea, we included OHCA survivors who were hospitalized between January 2005 and December 2015. The patients were divided into 2 groups: NHI and Medical Aid (MA) groups, with the MA group defined as having a low SES. Cumulative mortality was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the impact of SES on long-term mortality. A subgroup analysis was performed based on whether cardiac procedures were performed.

RESULTS

We followed 4873 OHCA survivors for up to 14 years (median of 3.3 years). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the MA group had a significantly decreased long-term survival rate compared to the NHI group. With an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.52 (95% CI 1.35-1.72), low SES was associated with increased long-term mortality. The overall mortality rate of the patients who underwent cardiac procedures in the MA group was significantly higher than that of the NHI group (aHR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05-2.82). The overall mortality rate of patients without cardiac procedures was also increased in the MA group compared to the NHI group (aHR 1.39, 95% CI 1.23-1.58).

CONCLUSIONS

OHCA survivors with low SES had an increased risk of poor long-term outcomes compared with those with higher SES. OHCA survivors with low SES who have undergone cardiac procedures need considerable care for long-term survival.
Appraising two decades of public sector health financing and service delivery reforms in Ghana between 2000-2020: a scoping review protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Afaya Agani , Hayibor Fred , Hayibor Fred , Lissah Samuel , Awonoor-Williams Koku , Nonvignon Justice , Amuna Paul , Azakili James , Ataguba John E
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Many countries have committed to health systems reforms to achieve universal health coverage (UHC). The World Health Report 2013 calls for research to provide robust evidence to achieve UHC. In Ghana, the national health insurance scheme (NHIS) implemented about two decades ago is one of the leading policies in the country, with significant research evaluations. Apart from the NHIS, there is limited synthesized evidence on the implications of other health financing and health service delivery reforms for sustainability, efficiency, equity of access, and quality of care in Ghana.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to systematically and comprehensively appraise the literature on the country’s health financing and service delivery reforms over two decades (2000-2020) to provide evidence for policy.

METHODS

This scoping review approach was adopted, guided by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al. frameworks following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) recommendations. JBI’s 3-step strategy was used to identify relevant articles through a comprehensive and systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, CINAHL, and Hinari databases. Grey literature search will be done using the Google Scholar search engine and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global database, as well as by reviewing official documents and reports from the Ghana Ministry of Health, the Ghana Health Service, and other state institutions responsible for health policy formulation. Additional documents will be identified by reviewing the included studies' reference lists. A data charting template adapted from the JBI will guide data extraction.

RESULTS

A narrative reporting format will be used to summarize all the extracted data while describing the studies’ characteristics, including their objectives. The results will mainly focus on a broad range of health sector reforms, identify gaps for further research, and present an overview of the status for priority-setting and decision-making for health policy administrators.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will explore a broad range of health financing and service delivery reforms in Ghana’s health sector and identify gaps for research agenda-setting and policy decision-making purposes toward UHC. Dissemination of evidence from this review will be in two folds: to scientific and academic audiences and for policy and practice.

CLINICALTRIAL

This scoping review was registered in the Open Science framework with the following Registration DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/9DMXW
Short-Term Findings From Testing EPIO, a Digital Self-Management Program for People Living With Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bostrøm Katrine , Børøsund Elin , Eide Hilde , Varsi Cecilie , Kristjansdottir Ólöf Birna , Schreurs Karlein M G , Waxenberg Lori B , Weiss Karen E , Morrison Eleshia J , Stavenes Støle Hanne , Cvancarova Småstuen Milada , Stubhaug Audun , Solberg Nes Lise
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Chronic pain conditions involve numerous physical and psychological challenges, and while psychosocial self-management interventions can be of benefit for people living with chronic pain, such in-person treatment is not always accessible. Digital self-management approaches could improve this disparity, potentially bolstering outreach and providing easy, relatively low-cost access to pain self-management interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of EPIO (ie, inspired by the Greek goddess for the soothing of pain, Epione), a digital self-management intervention, for people living with chronic pain.

METHODS

Patients (N=266) were randomly assigned to either the EPIO intervention (n=132) or a care-as-usual control group (n=134). Outcome measures included pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory; primary outcome measure), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), self-regulatory fatigue (Self-Regulatory Fatigue 18 scale), health-related quality of life (SF-36 Short Form Health Survey), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), and pain acceptance (Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire). Linear regression models used change scores as the dependent variables.

RESULTS

The participants were primarily female (210/259, 81.1%), with a median age of 49 (range 22-78) years and a variety of pain conditions. Analyses (n=229) after 3 months revealed no statistically significant changes for the primary outcome of pain interference (P=.84), but significant reductions in the secondary outcomes of depression (mean difference −0.90; P=.03) and self-regulatory fatigue (mean difference −2.76; P=.008) in favor of the intervention group. No other statistically significant changes were observed at 3 months (all P>.05). Participants described EPIO as useful (ie, totally agree or agree; 95/109, 87.2%) and easy to use (101/109, 92.7%), with easily understandable exercises (106/109, 97.2%).

CONCLUSIONS

Evidence-informed, user-centered digital pain self-management interventions such as EPIO may have the potential to effectively support self-management and improve psychological functioning in the form of reduced symptoms of depression and improved capacity to regulate thoughts, feelings, and behavior for people living with chronic pain.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03705104; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03705104
Effectiveness of Internet-based Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 12 Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Li Xiuxia , E Fenfen , Wang Yan , Xu Meng , Zhou Liying , Song Guihang , Shang Xue , Yang Chaoqun , Yang Kehu , Yang Kehu
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) may provide an accessible alternative to face-to-face treatment, but the evidence base in adolescents is limited.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of ICBT in treating depression in adolescents.

METHODS

Four electronic databases were searched on April 19, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of ICBT for depression in adolescents were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the risk of bias tool recommended by the Cochrane Handbook Version 5.1.0. We used the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of the evidence. RevMan 5.4 was used for meta-analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 12 RCTs involving 1139 patients were included. Compared with the control group, our meta-analysis results demonstrated that ICBT significantly decreased the depression scores of adolescents (SMD = −0.63, 95% CI: [−0.90, −0.37], p < .05). In addition, no significant differences were found in the patient’s anxiety and QoL scores. (SMD = −0.63, 95% CI: [−0.90, −0.37], p < .05; SMD = 0.12, 95% CI: [−0.10, 0.34], p > .05).

CONCLUSIONS

Very low certainty evidence demonstrated that ICBT may be a promising treatment, especially in reducing depression in adolescents.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO registration: CRD42021277562
Design Conformity of Indonesian-Made Mini Rice Combine Harvester and Anthropometry of Javanese Farmers
Authors: Mulyati Guntarti Tatik , Maksum Muhammad , Purwantana Bambang , Ainuri Makhmudun
Published: March 2023

The combine harvester in Yogyakarta Province Special Region has a small size because it is used to harvest rice in a narrow area. The purpose of this study is to determine which parts of the mini combine harvester machine are not ergonomic and need to be improved so that the operator can work comfortably and safely. The types of mini combine harvester machines investigated in this study are QUICK H140R, TANIKAYA Ironbee HT12, and JAP001. Results showed that, for the three combine harvester machines, there was a mismatch in the physical size of the engine and the anthropometry of the operator. The main problems of the mini combine harvester machine are less ergonomic seat, inappropriate placement of the control table, hand activity in the maximum area, narrow workspace for leg movements, and less supportive footstep for the operator to work while standing. This information is expected to be utilized by Indonesian mini combine harvester machine designers so that the new design of combine harvester machines will be ergonomic, safe, and comfortable.
Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures of Enterprise Marketing in the new media era
Authors: Yao Jingwu , Yao Liwen
Published: March 2023

With the continuous improvement of the level of electronic data and network technology, the new media industry based on electronic data technology is gradually emerging. The new media is accepted and used by more and more people with its many advantages. The new media marketing is the inevitable choice of scientific and technological progress in the new era. The new media not only diversifies the way enterprises publicize their brands, but also reduces the success of marketing. The new media makes communication with consumers more interactive, which is conducive to achieving more effective communication effect. Through the new media, enterprises can achieve more interaction with audiences and collect more feedback information. The new media marketing allows consumers to occupy a dominant position. In this era that advocates experience, participation and individuation, consumers’ personalized needs are more easily satisfied. This paper mainly discusses the concept and characteristics of the new media, which not only brings new opportunities to enterprise marketing, but also brings some problems and challenges to enterprises. In this regard, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of enterprise marketing in the new media era to provide reference for relevant enterprises or merchants to carry out marketing.
Research on the “Phenomenon of Isolated Island” of Modern Society Development and the Governing Pathways of Enterprise Business Environment
Authors: Yao Jingwu , Liu Xiaohui
Published: March 2023

With the development of society, various “phenomenon of isolated island” appear in social activities, such as “Scenic spot isolated island”, “cultural isolated island”, “economic isolated island”, “market isolated island”, “information isolated island” and so on. “Phenomenon of isolated island” causes a series of harm to the society, such as “system isolated island”, “business isolated island”, “data isolated island”, “management and control isolated island”, etc. Each department operates independently, resources and information cannot be shared, which increases the internal communication cost of enterprises and affects the work efficiency. It has a negative impact on both social and economic development. It is necessary to study the isolated phenomenon of isolated island in depth.The main reason for the “phenomenon of isolated island” is that there is no mechanism of interest sharing and action coordination among the cooperative subjects. There are both internal and external reasons. From the formation process, the interaction of technology, policy, economy, culture and other factors is the main reason for the formation of “phenomenon of isolated island”.In view of this situation, this paper explains the meaning of “phenomenon of isolated island”, analyzes the generation, existing problems and harm of “phenomenon of isolated island”, summarizes the research status of “phenomenon of isolated island”, and finally puts forward countermeasures and paths of “phenomenon of isolated island”, hoping to provide helpful help to social governance and economic development.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF THE TOXICITY OF SUPPOSITORIES WITH A MODIFIED SUBSTANCE OF INTERFERON ALFA-2B
Authors: ANUROVA MARIA N. , BAKHRUSHINA ELENA O. , SHUMKOVA MARINA M. , DEMINA NATALIA B. , KRASNYUK IVAN I.
Published: March 2023

Objective: To develop a stable composition with the substance of PEGylated interferon alfa-2b, to study technological and biopharmaceutical characteristics of the dosage form, and to conduct preclinical studies on the chronic toxicity and local irritating effect.
Methods: Solid fats Witepsol® H15, Witepsol® W 35, Suppocire® BS2X, and Suppocire® BM brands were used as the suppository bases. Polysorbate 80 was used as an emulsifier. Citric acid, ascorbic acid, sodium tetraborate, lactic acid, ethylenediaminetetetraacetic acid, tocopherol acetate was also introduced into the experimental samples. Fourteen experimental samples were screened for biological and technological indicators. Preclinical studies were performed for the optimal composition on the indicators of chronic toxicity and local irritant effect.
Results: The study examined the cytotoxic effects on the Vero cell line of selected suppository bases and excipients, namely, pH regulators and antioxidants. With excipients that did not have cytotoxicity we obtained suppository compositions with the following quality indicators: cytotoxicity, specific activity of interferon, time of complete deformation of suppositories and their melting temperature. A total of 14 compositions were studied, of which 5 were selected on the basis of the results for the study of stability. Only one composition turned out to be stable for the time studied.
Conclusion: The most stable in terms of “specific activity” was sample 7, its composition: Witepsol® H15/W35 70/30, polysorbate-80 0.15%, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 0.15%, sodium tetraborate 0.15%, tocopherol acetate 3.0%. Preclinical studies, that showed the absence of chronic toxicity and local irritant effect, were performed for this composition.
SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF RIVAROXABAN BY SOLID DISPERSION WITH POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 4000
Authors: PATRA RUCHITA KUMARI , ACHARYA AJIT KUMAR , MAHAPATRA ANJAN KUMAR , MURTHY PADALA NARASIMHA
Published: March 2023

Objective: The aim of the work was to enhance the dissolution rate of rivaroxaban by preparing its solid dispersions (SDs) using hydrophilic carrier PEG 4000.
Methods: The SDs of rivaroxaban with PEG 4000 were prepared at 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 w/w ratios by physical mixing, melting and solvent evaporation techniques. The prepared solid dispersions were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Results: Both the solubility and dissolution rate of the drug in these formulations were increased. The used hydrophilic carriers showed a more than two-fold increase in dissolution rate in their prepared solid dispersions by melting or solvent evaporation techniques. The pure drug rivaroxaban as the pure drug shows a dissolution rate of nearly 39 % after 60 m, whereas the solid dispersions by melting or solvent evaporation showed 90% of dissolution after 60 m. The FTIR spectroscopic and DCS thermal studies showed the compatibility of rivaroxaban and the absence of well-defined drug polymer interactions, though the shift in peaks was observed due to the formation of new bonds.
Conclusion: Formulation of solid dispersions of drug with hydrophilic carriers is a successful approach for solubility or dissolution rate enhancement of low soluble drug(s). In this work for solubility enhancement of rivaroxaban the hydrophilic carrier PEG 4000 showed significant solubility enhancement.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUPERABSORBENT HYDROGEL FROM NATURAL POLYMER
Authors: BHELKAR KRISHNAKANT B. , MOHARIR KESHAV S. , KALE VINITA V.
Published: March 2023

Objective: The objective of the present study was to synthesize the hydrogel from natural polymer and evaluation of its physical and chemical properties.
Methods: Hydrogel was synthesized using graft co-polymerization technique from wheat starch, by crosslinking with acrylic acid. The product was purified, dried and micronized. It was then evaluated for water absorption and retention property at varying pH, FTIR, PXRD and Thermal analysis, microscopic, micromeritic and stability studies etc. Furthermore, the effect of NaOH treatment on prepared hydrogel material was studied.
Results: Result of the studies revealed that superabsorbent hydrogel (SAH) product shows good water absorption capacity of 120g/g at neutral pH. Maximum water absorption capacity was at pH 9 which is 146.28g/g. Product shows good thermal stability, less cohesiveness and is amorphous in nature. In hygroscopicity study weight gain by SAH was 6.65% only while for unpurified SAH and NaOH treated SAH, it was 10.5% and 23.42% respectively. NaOH treatment shows a decrease in water absorption capacity by more than 40% also there is change in surface morphology of the product. Additionally, hygroscopicity was more and degradation rate was faster for NaOH treated hydrogel.
Conclusion: Crosslinking with acrylic acid can form superabsorbent hydrogel material from the natural polymer such as wheat starch. The product shows excellent water absorption and retention capacity. pH affects water absorption capacity and shows maximum at pH 9 and at lower and higher pH it decreases to a significant level. There was decline in water absorption capacity and increase in hygroscopicity, when NaOH treatment is given to the SAH powder.
DENTAL USE OF KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE: STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: KASHPERKO ALENA , BAKHRUSHINA ELENA , SAKHAROVA POLINA , DEMINA NATALYA , KRASNYK I. I.
Published: March 2023

The history of evidence-based use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) goes back at least two hundred and fifty years. Over the past period, the path has been passed from the use of willow bark decoctions to the synthesis and introduction of selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors into clinical practice. To date, the research direction has shifted from the search for new substances to the search for new routes of administration. The wide range of existing drug substances, however, has only in a few dosage forms. Thus, ketorolac tromethamine is known only as a solution for parenteral and intranasal administration, as well as oral tablets. This drug belongs to NSAIDs, particularly non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors, and shows a pronounced analgesic activity. Due to this property, ketorolac can serve as an alternative to opioid analgesics or can reduce the dosage of the latter when used in combination. However, a number of systemic side effects (ulcerogenic properties, negative effect on the blood), unfortunately, impose their limitations. A possible solution to this situation may be the creation of local delivery systems, in particular, in situ implants. This review highlights the problem of developing local systems for the delivery of ketorolac tromethamine for the relief of acute pain. Special attention is paid to in situ implants based on bioadhesive polymers.
Evaluation of Threat Models
Authors: Suhas Kelkar Siddhi
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Information system security is the integrity and safety of its resources and activities. In the cyber world, it can be almost impossible to trace sophisticated attacks to their true source. The anonymity enjoyed by the malicious user or cyber attackers pose a grave threat to the global information society. Cyber threat modelling is an analytical process that is used to identify the potential threats against a system or an organization. It is a core activity and a fundamental practice in the process of building trusted technology. Threat modelling has been identified as one of the best "return on investment" activities in order to identify and address design flaws. Some threat model methods focus on identifying threats and security issues while some methods also perform assessment of the resulting risk.
Power Quality Improvement by Using Discrete Wavelet Transform Based DSTATCOM
Authors: Haricharan Mr. Voggu , Reddy S Radha Krishna
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The discrete wavelet transform-based control technique for the distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) is utilized in this paper to improve power quality at common points of interconnection (CPI). The discrete wavelet transform, the time frequency analysis technique, is used here to split distorted load current of each phase in order to recover the line frequency of harmonic components for estimating the respective active power components. The difference between the estimated reference active component and the detected load currents is utilized to create reference currents for DSTATCOM's voltage source converter (VSC) management. The performance of DSTATCOM is presented using MATLAB software under varied linear and non-linear load circumstances. Under various load situations, total harmonic distortion (THD) of the source current is less than 5% with a power factor of unity.
Application of AHP and Geospatial Techniques to Delineate Groundwater Potential Zones of Dubrajpur Block, Birbhum District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Sarkar Somnath , Jha Professor (Dr.) Vibhash Chandra
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Exploration of ground water potential zones is very much essential in a country like India because it is ground water that satisfies the need of drinking water in most of the rural areas of the country. Ground water is also used for different other domestic, agriculture as well as industrial purposes. In present days, Remote Sensing and GIS techniques are successfully being used to delineate ground water potential zones of an area by geographers and planners which gives more or less absolutely correct results and it is also very much cost and time effective. The present study attempts to delineate various groundwater potential zones of Dubrajpur Block of Birbhum District, West Bengal, India. In the present work, groundwater potential zonation mapping has been carried out by overlaying nine thematic layers such as geology, rainfall, drainage density, pond frequency, slope, lineament density, soil texture, geomorphology and landuse/landcover and by giving appropriate weightages to each significant parameter with respect to its influence on groundwater. On the basis of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model and GIS technology, five groundwater potential zones have been extracted in the study area comprising very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor groundwater potential zones.
Biometrics: An Evolving Industry with Unique Risks
Authors: Prajapati Harkesh , Singh Abhijeet , Mishra Bhaskar , Vijay Dr. Richa
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Biometrics is a cutting-edge technology that offers several advantages for access privileges and authorization. This security system has become an integral part of a variety of public and commercial sectors. The importance of growing private data for authentication solutions that increase mobile security is rising. Information security is required to prevent organisations' assets from falling into the hands of rivals, hackers, or cyberterrorists. This study explains how to avoid the biometric methods' concealed dangers. Compared to traditional systems, biometric applications are capable of providing much more identity management and recognition. In truth, the widespread use of biometrics services has substantial consequences for our understanding of the relationship between the person and the state. As with any technology, however, application-specific concerns and limitations must be taken into account. Research in a number of connected fields will lead to continuing progress. In this study, technical and engineering challenges as well as the advantages of contemporary biometric technology are examined.