bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidural and Paraspinal Abscess Presenting as Acute Low Back Pain
Authors: Harris Kendra K. , Delic Joseph A. , Nelson Evan O.
Published: June 2019

A 56-year-old man sought care from a primary care physician (PCP) 5 days after lifting a heavy box produced acute, isolated lumbar pain. The PCP diagnosed a lumbar disc herniation and referred the patient to physical therapy without diagnostic imaging. Due to the presence of multiple red flags leading up to and during examination, the patient was transferred to the emergency department for further evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spinal epidural abscess with an associated multiloculated abscess within the adjacent left paraspinal muscles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(6):482. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8456
Neuroplasticity of Sensorimotor Control in Low Back Pain
Authors: Brumagne Simon , Diers Martin , Danneels Lieven , Moseley G. Lorimer , Hodges Paul W.
Published: June 2019

Synopsis

Low back pain (LBP) is an important medical and socioeconomic problem. Impaired sensorimotor control has been suggested to be a likely mechanism underlying development and/or maintenance of pain. Although early work focused on the structural and functional abnormalities within the musculoskeletal system, in the past 20 years there has been an increasing realization that patients with LBP might also have extensive neuroplastic changes within the central nervous system. These include changes related to both the structure (eg, gray matter changes) and function (eg, organization of the sensory and motor cortices) of the nervous system as related to processing of pain and nociception and to motor and somatosensory systems. Moreover, clinical interventions increasingly aim to drive neuroplasticity with treatments to improve pain and sensorimotor function. This commentary provides a contemporary overview of neuroplasticity of the pain/nociceptive and sensorimotor systems in LBP. This paper addresses (1) defining neuroplasticity in relation to control of the spine and LBP, (2) structural and functional nervous system changes as they relate to nonspecific LBP and sensorimotor function, and (3) related clinical implications. Individuals with recurrent and persistent LBP differ from those without LBP in several markers of the nervous system's function and structure. Neuroplastic changes may be addressed by top-down cognitive-based interventions and bottom-up physical interventions. An integrated clinical approach that combines contemporary pain neuroscience education, cognition-targeted sensorimotor control, and physical or function-based treatments may lead to better outcomes in patients with recurrent and persistent LBP. This approach will need to consider variation among individuals, as no single finding/mechanism is present in all individuals, and no single treatment that targets neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor system is likely to be effective for all patients with LBP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(6):402–414. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8489
Diverse Role of Biological Plasticity in Low Back Pain and Its Impact on Sensorimotor Control of the Spine
Authors: Hodges Paul W. , Barbe Mary F. , Loggia Marco L. , Nijs Jo , Stone Laura S.
Published: June 2019

Synopsis

Pain is complex. It is no longer acceptable to consider pain solely as a peripheral phenomenon involving activation of nociceptive neurons. The contemporary understanding of pain involves consideration of different underlying pain mechanisms and an increasing awareness of plasticity in all of the biological systems. Of note, recent advances in technology and understanding have highlighted the critical importance of neuroimmune interactions, both in the peripheral and central nervous systems, and the interaction between the nervous system and body tissues in the development and maintenance of pain, including low back pain (LBP). Further, the biology of many tissues changes when challenged by pain and injury, as reported in a growing body of literature on the biology of muscle, fat, and connective tissue. These advances in understanding of the complexity of LBP have implications for our understanding of pain and its interaction with the motor system, and may change how we consider motor control in the rehabilitation of LBP. This commentary provides a state-of-the-art overview of plasticity of biology in LBP. The paper is divided into 4 parts that address (1) biology of pain mechanisms, (2) neuroimmune interaction in the central nervous system, (3) neuroimmune interaction in the periphery, and (4) brain and peripheral tissue interaction. Each section considers the implications for clinical management of LBP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(6):389–401. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8716
Brain Drain: Psychosocial Factors Influence Recovery Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury—3 Recommendations for Clinicians Assessing Psychosocial Factors
Authors: Cancelliere Carol , Mohammed Riaz J.
Published: June 2019

Synopsis

Mild traumatic brain injury is a major global public health concern. While most people recover within days to months, 1 in 5 people with mild traumatic brain injury report persistent, disabling symptoms that interfere with participation in work, school, and sport. People with injuries to regions other than the head may report similar symptoms. The biopsychosocial model of health explains this phenomenon in terms of factors associated with recovery that are not biomedical. Important psychosocial factors include poor recovery expectations and pretraumatic and posttraumatic psychological symptoms. Recent clinical practice guidelines recommend that clinicians examine all relevant biopsychosocial factors that may contribute to persistent postconcussive symptoms and consider them when helping their patients make health-management decisions. However, because clinical training continues to prioritize biomedical symptoms, clinicians may not feel confident in the psychosocial domain. Our objective is to provide 3 recommendations for clinicians to assess psychosocial factors in patients after concussion, and to argue a case for clinicians to improve their skills in assessing psychosocial factors. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(11):842–844. Epub 1 Jun 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8849
Unravelling A Myth: Emergence of The Myth of Female Kurdish Fighters in Social Media
Authors: EFE İbrahim
Published: June 2019

This analysis looks at images of Kurdish female fighters in social
media. It argues that Kurdish female fighters have been objectified by
international media and Kurdish politicians, who have realised the public
relations value of images, and started to disseminate variegated images of
Kurdish female fighters, particularly in the context of the war against DAESH
(ISIS). The basic tenets of Edward Said’s thesis remain relevant in orientalist
and gendered representations of the actors involved in Syrian civil war, and
therefore the study uses orientalism as an analytical tool to critically engage
with dominant western depictions of female Kurdish fighters. To this aim, news
images of Kurdish female fighters are semiotically analysed using Barthes’
framework as proposed in his seminal work “Mythologies”. The analysis aims to unleash
the interrelationship between imagery and international and domestic politics
using the concept of post-truth politics. The imagery of Kurdish female
fighters is used by Western powers and Kurdish political groups to legitimize
their political positions in the prolonged civil war in Syria.
Medoid-based shadow value validation and visualization
Authors: Budiaji Weksi
Published: June 2019

A silhouette index is a well-known measure of an internal criteria validation for the clustering algorithm results. While it is a medoid-based validation index, a centroid-based validation index that is called a centroid-based shadow value (CSV) has been developed.  Although both are similar, the CSV has an additional unique property where an image of a 2-dimensional neighborhood graph is possible. A new internal validation index is proposed in this article in order to create a medoid-based validation that has an ability to visualize the results in a 2-dimensional plot. The proposed index behaves similarly to the silhouette index and produces a network visualization, which is comparable to the neighborhood graph of the CSV. The network visualization has a multiplicative parameter (c) to adjust its edges visibility. Due to the medoid-based, in addition, it is more an appropriate visualization technique for any type of data than a neighborhood graph of the CSV.
Heat Loss and Exergy Flow through Respiration of the Human Body under Different Meteorological Conditions
Authors: BİLGİLİ Mehmet , ŞAHİN Beşir , ŞİMŞEK Erdoğan , ÖZBEK Arif , YAŞAR Abdulkadir
Published: June 2019

In this study, monthly total heat
loss (evaporative and convective heat losses) and exergy flow that occur as a
result of respiration were determined for human bodies in states of light and
heavy activity levels, and comparisons of the results obtained were made according
to different meteorological conditions and regions. For this purpose, seven
different climate zones (CZ-1, CZ-2, CZ-3, CZ-4, CZ-5, CZ-6 and CZ-7) in Turkey
were selected. Meteorological parameters such as atmospheric temperature,
atmospheric pressure and relative humidity were used for energy and exergy analyses.
According to the obtained results, total heat loss and exergy flow through
respiration of the human body demonstrated considerable variations seasonally
depending on the climate zones. The highest heat loss and exergy flow values were
determined in the region of Continental climate (CZ-2), while the lowest heat
loss and exergy flow values were obtained in the region of Mediterranean
climate (CZ-5). For a human body engaging in light activity in a hot climate
zone, the exhaled air temperature, specific humidity and relative humidity
values were determined as 35.11 oC, 0.0333 kg H2O/kg dry
air and 91.3%, respectively.
Biaxial deformation behavior of friction stir processed TRIP steel sheets
Authors: OZTURK YİLMAZ İmren , SARAY Onur , YİLMAZ Mumin
Published: June 2019

In this study, effects of Friction Stir Processing (FSP) on the biaxial deformation behavior of 1.95 mm thick TRIP 780 steel sheets were investigated. FSP induced large plastic shear strains imposed at elevated temperature of about 945°C have drastically changed both microstructure and flow behavior of the steel. For these reason, after the FSP, significant changes in the microstructural and mechanical properties were obtained. After FSP, initial microstructure of the TRIP-steel transformed into a microstructure that mainly dominated by martensite grains.  This transformation resulted with nearly two-fold hardness increase in stir zone. Similarly, lath martensite dominated microstructure elevated the FSPed condition into an ultra-high strength level with expense of room temperature ductility.  After FSP, yield strength and UTS increased from 415MPa and 829 MPa to about 1280 MPa and 1475 MPa. Uniform elongation and elongation to failure decreased from 23% and 11% to 34% and 22% respectively.  In accordance to decreased ductility, Erichsen index (EI) of the steel decreased from 9.16 mm to 4.90 mm under biaxial stretching conditions In contrast to strength enhancement punch force at EI of TRIP-780 also decreased from 80.6 kN to 45.4 kN respectively.  This simultaneous decrease in both Ei and FEi attributed to increase in cracking tendency of the FSP induced microstructure.
Evidencias preclínicas de Cordia lutea Lam: fitoquímica y efecto en daño hepático
Authors: Mendocilla-Risco Moisés , Rojas Valdez Nayade , Villar-López Amelia , Cruzado-Ubillús Raúl , Guzmán-Coral Fernando , Bernuy-Zagaceta Indhira
Published: June 2019

Cordia lutea L. “overo” es una planta indígena usada en la medicina tradicional de la costa norte del Perú para tratar afecciones hepáticas. Se ha revisado las investigaciones publicadas entre 1990 y 2018 en google académico, LILACS, BVS, SciELO, PUBMED y repositorio de tesis de universidades peruanas. Se encontraron 38 investigaciones; 19 se utilizaron como evidencia preclínica de fitoquímica o efecto en daño hepático. 3 estudios reportan aislamiento e identificación rutina (flavonoide) y 7 corresponde a estudio del efecto en daño hepático. Las evidencias preclínicas de Cordia lutea L “overo” son escasa y se requieren más estudios para identificar principios activos responsables del efecto sobre el daño hepático (hepatoprotector o regenerador hepático) que nos permita tener un producto seguro, eficaz y de calidad.
Evaluaciones económicas en medicina complementaria: hasta dónde podemos llegar
Authors: Angulo-Bazán Yolanda
Published: June 2019

La implementación y articulación de estrategias en sistemas de salud ya existentes es un tema complejo y de difícil manejo por parte de los decisores. Si bien uno de los aspectos más resaltantes en la decisión de la inclusión de estrategias o terapias es la eficacia de estos, basados en evidencia científica de calidad, las siguientes preguntas por hacerse, antes de la articulación definitiva, es qué tan eficientes son estas intervenciones, y cuál es el impacto económico que traerá al sistema y a sus beneficiarios.
Caracterización físico-química y capacidad antioxidante de extractos del rizoma de Curcuma longa L.
Authors: Cosquillo Rafael Martha , Placencia Medina Maritza , Retuerto Figueroa Mónica , Gorriti Gutierrez Arilmí , Tarazona Huamaní Jossimar
Published: June 2019

Objetivo. Determinar los parámetros físico-químicos y la capacidad antioxidante in vitro del extracto crudo y etanólico de Curcuma longa L. Materiales y métodos. Se obtuvieron dos extractos vegetales: crudo y en 96% de etanol. Se determinaron las características físico-químicas y la presencia de principales grupos de metabolitos mediante screening fitoquímico, asociados con actividad biológica. El contenido de polifenoles totales se determinó mediante el ensayo de Folin-Ciocalteu y la actividad antioxidante de los extractos se evaluó in vitro mediante el ensayo 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH) y 2,2-azinobis-[3 etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfónico] (ABTS). Resultados. Los extractos crudo y etanólico de Curcuma longa L. presentaron una densidad relativa 0,8144 y 1,0536g/mL, respectivamente. Respecto al screening fitoquímico, se logró identificar algunos metabolitos en ambos extractos, destacando compuestos fenólicos, flavonoides, alcaloides y heterósidos. El contenido de fenoles totales fueron 252,05 y 296,43 (μg EAG/mg es) para los extractos crudo y etanólico. La capacidad antioxidante con el método DPPH tuvieron IC50 64,26 y 17,01 μg/mL y con el método de ABTS IC50 57,67 y 15,12 μg/mL para los extractos crudo y etanólico. La capacidad antioxidante equivalente a trolox (TEAC-DPPH) fueron 52,95 y 202,855 (μg trolox/mg es) para los extractos crudo y etanólico, la capacidad antioxidante equivalente a trolox (TEAC-ABTS) fueron 49,796 y 182,773 (μg trolox/mg es) para los extractos crudo y etanólico. Conclusiones. El extracto crudo, así como el extracto etanólico del rizoma de la Curcuma longa L. exhiben capacidad antioxidante que guardan correlación con el contenido de compuestos fenólicos.Palabras clave: Curcuma longa L.; rizoma; antioxidantes; fenoles (Fuente: DeCS)
Evaluación de la disminución del consumo de medicamentos en usuarios de los servicios de medicina complementaria de EsSalud 2017
Authors: Astahuamán Huamaní Danna , Angulo-Bazán Yolanda
Published: June 2019

Objetivo. Evaluar la disminución del consumo de medicamentos en usuarios de los servicios de medicina complementaria de EsSalud. Materiales y métodos. se realizó a través del seguimiento en los sistemas de gestión hospitalaria (SGH) y el sistema de gestión de los servicios de salud (SGSS) del consumo de medicamentos de 349 pacientes de medicina complementaria, antes de haber ingresado a este servicio y después de haber sido dados de alta del 01 al 31 de diciembre de 2017. Resultados. Se encontró que los motivos de consulta más frecuentes estaban dentro de las enfermedades osteomusculares como lumbalgias, dolor articular o cervicalgias y dorsalgias; seguidos de los trastornos de ansiedad y cefaleas por tensión. Los grupos farmacológicos más utilizados fueron antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (45,3%), otros analgésicos (15,2%), antiepilépticos (10,6%) y ansiolíticos (10,6%). Conclusiones. La mayoría de los pacientes con seguimiento de consumo de medicamentos, antes y después de usar el servicio de medicina complementaria, fueron adultos mayores y de sexo femenino; se encontraron diferencias significativas en las unidades consumidas después de usar los servicios de medicina complementaria en los grupos farmacológicos de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, opioides, antipiréticos y otros analgésicos. Asimismo, hubo una disminución altamente significativa en las unidades consumidas de antiepilépticos, ansiolíticos, antidepresivos, relajantes musculares, antiulcerosos, hipoglicemiantes orales e hipolipemiantes.
Satisfacción de usuarios del Centro de Atención de Medicina Complementaria, Hospital II de Huamanga, EsSalud, Red Ayacucho, 2018
Authors: Cruzado Tineo Martha
Published: June 2019

Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de satisfacción de los usuarios del Centro de Atención de Medicina Complementaria - Hospital II de Huamanga, EsSalud, Red Ayacucho, 2018. Material y métodos. Se realizó con una estimación de satisfacción de 50% y una precisión del 0,05, en el software EpiInfo.exe. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 285 individuos reclutados en la terapias individuales si cumplían con el criterio de inclusión de haber pasado, por lo menos, una vez por admisión, consulta y terapias (medicina, enfermería y tecnología médica); se preguntó al participante si deseaba participar; el estudio se realizó entre los meses de mayo, junio y julio de 2018; el instrumento empleado fue la encuesta SERVQUAL modificada. Los datos se procesaron en el programa SPSS 25.00, y luego se exportaron al programa Microsoft Excel para las tablas de distribución. Resultados. el nivel de satisfacción global fue del 92% (263); de acuerdo con las características sociodemográficas el nivel de satisfacción se encuentra en regular en las edades de 41 a 50 años con un 20%, sexo femenino en un 34%, nivel de estudios superior 28%, la ocupación profesional en un 22% y la procedencia de Huamanga un 47%. En cuanto a las dimensiones de calidad, seguridad se encuentra en satisfacción buena con 66% (187), las demás dimensiones se encuentran en un nivel de satisfacción regular, como la fiabilidad 67%, capacidad de respuesta 53%, empatía 66% y aspectos tangibles con un 71%. Conclusiones. La satisfacción global percibida fue alta, en tanto que la dimensión seguridad mostró satisfacción buena y el resto de dimensiones satisfacción regular.Palabras clave: Satisfacción, Medicina Complementaria (Fuente: DeCS)
Diskursus Branding Perempuan Pondok Pesantren di Instagram (Studi Kasus Pondok Pesantren Modern Gontor Putri 1)
Authors: Putra Robby Aditya
Published: June 2019

Cita-cita perempuan mengenyam pendidikan adalah agar perempuan dan laki-laki sama-sama ditempatkan sebagai manusia utuh di berbagai aspek kehidupan. Pesantren menyadari hal ini, terbukti dengan banyak pesantren khusus perempuan yang digelar. Namun sebagian masyarakat modern masih menganggap branding pesantren adalah ndeso? dan cenderung menghasilkan perempuan yang normatif, belum banyak mencetak perempuan milenial yang relevan dengan zaman. Lalu bagaimanakah upaya branding pondok pesantren modern gontor puri 1 tentang perempuan era milenial di instagram? Teori yang dipakai dalam tulisan ini adalah teori advertising and branding dari David Aaker. Penelitian ini menemukan belum adanya keseriusan upaya branding gontor putri 1 tentang perempuan milenial di instagram. Akibat ketidakseriusan ini, brand pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga kuno dan tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik perempuan milenial akan bertahan. Usaha rebranding pondok pesantren melalui media sosial (instagram, facebook, twitter, youtube) harus menjadi salah satu fokus utama pemangku pondok pesantren untuk dikampanyekan secara kreatif.
Pesan Moral Dalam Tayangan Adzan Maghrib Di Rcti
Authors: Chandra Afner Gus
Published: June 2019

Dalam penelitian ini mengangkat tentang Pesan Moral dalam Tayangan Adzan Maghrib di RCTI pada periode 2014/2015 dengan tema Bertaubat. Peneliti ini membahas tentang bagaimana pesan moral yang tekandung dalam adegan dan storyline dalam tayangan adzan maghrib di RCTI. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis yang digunakan adalah semiotika menurut Roland Barthes. Analisis terhadap tayangan ini berdasarkan hasil wawancara kepada Tim Kreatif dan dokumentasi yang ditinjau dari unsur adegan-adegan pada pemeran utama dan storyline sebagai acuan pengolah data. Sebagai indikator dalam penelitian ini adalah terkait moral akhlak, diantaranya tawadhu, lemah lembut, beramal shaleh, kasih sayang, sabar, dan pemaaf. Dari penelitian diketahui bahwa dalam tayangan adzan dengan tema Bertaubat, menampilkan beberapa adegan yang mengandung pesan moral positif. Pesan moral tersebut yaitu sifat tawadhu yang dilakukan saat bertemu orang lain dan orang yang lebih tua, sifat lemah lembut dalam pergaulan, beramal shaleh dalam menjalani kehidupan, kasih sayang yang penuh kepada seorang ibu, sabar dalam menjalani pergaulan dan kehidupan antar sesama manusia, serta senantiasa memberikan maaf kepada orang lain, meskipun orang tersebut telah berbuat jahat. Pesan akhir pada tayangan adzan tersebut adalah memaafkan antar sesama sebagai upaya untuk mendapatkan kemenangan dan persatuan.
Virtual Experiment Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Pada Konsep Getaran Dan Gelombang
Authors: Yahya Fahmi , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Fitriyanto Syarif
Published: June 2019

The experimental activities in physics learning are intended to build students' understanding of the concepts of physics. The limitations of experimental equipment have an impact on the low understanding of students' physics concepts. Virtual media can be used as an alternative experimental tool to improve students' conceptual understanding. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of virtual experiments in increasing students' understanding of the concepts of vibration and waves. Quasi-experimental research was conducted using the pretest and posttest control group design. The number of respondents was 40 students who were divided into the experimental group and the control group. The research data were analyzed by N-gain test to determine the level of increase in mastery of concepts using virtual experiments that have been used. The results showed that the achievement level of the experimental group was better than the control group. It can be concluded that virtual experiments are effective in increasing the understanding of students' physics concepts.
Evaluation of drug-drug interactions among dental prescriptions at different clinical settings of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Javed Danish , Zafar Sana , Ahmed Shakeel , Anwar Khurram , Arain Mudassar Iqbal , Shahnaz Saira
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Drug plays a fundamental role in disease prevention and ultimately promotes healthy society. Inappropriate prescribing traditions are not only goes toward useless & unsafe treatment but also prolongation of illness and distress the patient and increased economic burden. Therefore evaluation of drug-drug interactions are considered a necessary starting in forming an effective drug utilization stewardship program with the leading objectives of upgrade the efficacy of treatment and reducing the microbial resistance; this study can also be helped as a pharmaco-epidemiological extent for carrying out of a national preventive drug policy. Objectives: To assess Drug-Drug interactions among dental prescriptions at different clinical settings of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Study Design: A descriptive observational study. Settings: A hospital based study was conducted in different clinical settings of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Period: Six months from January to June 2018 according to study criteria. Materials and Methods: The Sample size is 500 prescriptions were collected randomly in six months from January to June 2018 according to study criteria. A structured data form was used for collecting demographics, diagnosis, complications, present medications prescribed for each patient and find out number of prescriptions which shows drug-drug interactions and level of severity as well. MS Excel and descriptive statistics was used for find out the result of the study. Results: The current study finding shows that males have more prevalence i.e. 55.8% of dental problems compared to females (44.2%). Mostly patients were included in 51-60 age group (30.2%). 50.2% patients have pervious medication history and most common diagnosis was acute periapical infection (26.8%). Further mostly analgesics (26%) were prescribed followed by antibiotics (21.5%) with elevated body temperature (29.4%). Commonly six drugs per prescription prescribed (34.2%) least numbers of drugs prescribed per prescription is 2(8.2%). 30.6% prescriptions reported with drug-drug interaction in which 26.8% were prescribed in acute periapical infections. More frequently was observed between Glimepiride – Levofloxacin (25.5%) followed by levofloxacin-prednisolone (24.8%). Conclusion: It was concluded that the frequency of drug-drug interactions in prescriptions by dentist in private dental clinics of Sialkot is high but majority of drug interactions with other drugs were found to be of significant minor occurring at pharmacodynamics level.
Frequency of dental caries among patients with type ii diabetes mellitus
Authors: Khahro Muslim , Shaikh Qaimuddin , Baloch Mehnaz , Ali Channa Surwaich , Shah Arhama
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To determine the frequency of dental caries in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Dental Department of Science of Dental Materials Department and Oral Pathology Department. Period: 6 months from October 2016 to February 2017. Material and Methods: All the diagnosed patients of type II diabetes mellitus either gender were selected for the study. Complete dental clinical examination and duration of diabetes were carried out. Dental caries were categorized as mild moderate and severe. Duration of diabetes was categorized as < years and > 5 years. All the data was recorded in the self-made proforma. Results: In this study total 58 patients were selected with history of type II diabetes mellitus; patient’s mean age was 46.36+5.34 years. Male gender was found in the majority 38(65.5%). Majority of the cases 37(63.8%) were found with low socioeconomic status. 26(44.8%) patients had history of type II diabetes mellitus less than 5 years, 32(55.2%) were with more than 5 years history of diabetes. 15.51% patients were without dental caries, 37.39% patients were with mild, 34.4% had moderate and 12.06% patients were with severe dental caries. No significant difference was found in severity of dental caries when compared with duration of diabetes p-value 0.93.  Conclusion: We concluded that there are a big prevalence dental caries among patients with type II diabetes mellitus, while severity of dental caries was insignificantly associated with duration of diabetes.
Comparison of positive predictive value of computed tomography versus diagnostic peritoneal lavage for diagnosis of solid organ damage in patients with blunt abdominal trauma
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Mahmood Saeed , Kareemullah Muhammad , Khan Saqib Uddin , Akram Ambreen , Niazi Umar , Ali Bhatti Afsar
Published: June 2019

Background: Abdominal trauma can be mysterious to some practitioners. If patients are evaluated for being stable or unstable, then abdominal trauma can be easily managed. Using a combination of physical examination, eFAST Scan, DPL and CT scans, patients can be quickly and efficiently evaluated. Objectives: To determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of computed tomography and diagnostic peritoneal lavage for diagnosis of solid organ damage in patients with blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) taking surgical findings as gold standard. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Surgery at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: Six months i.e. from 21.5.2016 to 20.11.2016. Materials and Methods: Data Collection: CT scan was performed with oral and intravenous contrast. DPL was done with sample assessment. Only those cases were included with positive findings in CT Scan or DPL. These patients underwent laparotomy under general anesthesia by a one standard surgical team. Results of surgical findings were compared between groups with CT scan and DPL. All the information was collected on predesigned proforma. Results: The mean age of the patients was 44.48±14.83 years. There were 66 (55%) males and 54 (45%) females in our study. In this study PPV for CT-scan group was 90.1% while PPV for group with DPL was 51.3%. Conclusion: PPV for CT Scan group was higher than that of DPL group for diagnosing solid organ damage in patients with BAT. Hence, evidence shows that CT Scan should be used as an initial investigation of choice in haemo-dynamically stable patients with BAT.
Preoperative lidocaine infusion for the pain management in laparotomy procedures: a randomized control trial
Authors: Raza Hamid , Soomro Ahmed Uddin , Siddiqui Maqsood Ahmed , - Kamlaish , Raza Naqvi Muhammad Sheraz
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the role of pre-operative lidocaine infusion for pain management in laparotomy procedures. Study Design: Prospective double blind randomized control trial. Period: 8 months duration from April 2017 to November 2017. Setting: Tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: N= 50 patients belonging to ASA Classification types I and II were selected to be part of this study. All the patients underwent major abdominal surgeries (laparotomy). The study group received lidocaine 2%, 1.5mg/kg IV bolus half an hour before induction, followed by an infusion of 1.5mg/kg/hour. The anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 3ug/kg, propofol 2mg/kg, followed by rocuronium 1mg/kg to intubate the patient. Maintenance was done with using 33% nitrous oxide in oxygen along with 0.8% of isoflurane. Fentanyl was administered as an infusion initiating prior to the procedure with a maximum dose of 1ug/kg/hour and ceasing the infusion half an hour prior to end of procedure. Visual analog scale was used to measure the pain intensity at an interval of twenty minutes during the first hour of the procedure, and at 2,4,8,12,24 and 48 hours after the end of the procedure. If the visual analog scale score was found to be more than 3, 1 to 3mg of Morphine was administered every ten minutes up to a dose of 0.1mg/kg intravenously. A proforma was used to collect data, data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Results: The study was conducted on n=50 patients, with a mean age of 38.35 years in the study group and 36.48 years in the control group. The intensity of pain was found to be significantly less in the case group as compared to the control group having a p value of <0.001 during the first 48 hours of the procedure. Decreased consumption of morphine was observed in patients in the study group, as compared to the control group with a statistically significant difference, having a p value of less than <0.05. In our study we did not observe any side effects related to toxicity levels of lidocaine or morphine. Conclusion: Our study confirms the results of previously done studies, and we found that in our patient population Perioperative lidocaine infusion decreased the post-operative pain experienced by the patient and decreased the need for consumption of analgesics. Thus we conclude that lidocaine infusion perioperatively is an effective pain management modality.
A novel modality to cure early glottic carcinoma
Authors: Baig Salman , Shahid Nadia , Sadiq Sara , Niaz Khan Asma
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The current practice standards demand achievement of cure along with preservation of voice and laryngeal anatomy. The recommended approaches for early stage glottic carcinoma are both laser surgery (LS) as well as radiotherapy (RT). Both modalities having some merits as well as demerits. So the objective of the study is to compare the outcome of early glottic cancer patients having laser resection with the patients who received radiation therapy. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Ziauddin Hospital. Period: January 2013 up to July 2017. Material and Methods: Patients aged 18 years and above with a history of constant hoarseness of voice from 2 months to 4 months were taken. Only the patients with stage 1 that is T1a or T1b squamous cell carcinoma of vocal cords with no nodal or distant metastasis (T1N0M0) were included. Results: A total of 25 patients were diagnosed with glottic cancer of stage T1N0M0. The mean age was 50.56 ± 11.8. Most of them were male with high prevalence of aggravating factors. Majority of patients had left sided vocal cord involvement. When comparing the both modalities, the results showed that Radiotherapy had more complications than Laser surgery. On follow-up visits, the complication with Radiotherapy subsides and larynx anatomy restored but there was no voice restoration in Laser surgery. Conclusion: It can be concluded that both treatment modalities including Laser Surgery and Radiotherapy had excellent outcome with good prognosis for voice. However, considering the survival rates, Radiotherapy showed bit superiority over Laser Surgery, despite its complications. Radiotherapy should be the first choice after diagnosing early stage of glottic carcinoma.
Acute post-operative edema. A major morbidity after hair transplant.
Authors: Nishat Mufassar , Latif Ansar , Chaudhary Leena
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of different  modalities for the prevention of post-operative edema in patients undergoing hair transplant. Study Design: Prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plastic Surgery, Bashir Hospital (private), Sialkot from March 2016 to April 2018. Patients and Methods: Male patients with typical male baldness patterns were serially included in the study. Informed consent was taken both for the surgery and purpose of research. Patients were followed up daily for one week to assess the post-operative edema. However patients were also called for follow up after three months to see the late complications. Patients not giving consent for the study were excluded from the data. Data was entered and analysis done by SPSS v 22. Results: Total 97 patients were operated. Two groups A&B each of 45 and 57 patients were selected randomly. Group A which was administered tumescent solution including steroid showed maximum prevention of edema, success rate (93.3%). Group B having oral steroid course postoperatively for 5 days showed less promising results with success rate of (57.8%). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that addition of steroid (Triamcinolone) to the tumescent solution had more promising results regarding the prevention of post-operative edema.
Detection of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus using mec a, ribotyping and antibiogram profile of Pakistani clinical isolates
Authors: Fatima Adeela , Sajid Imran , Riaz Saba , Saeed Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of MRSA with their antibiotic susceptibility pattern and molecular characterization of these strains. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Microbiology section of Citilab and Research Centre, Lahore. Period: March 2014 to June 2016. Materials and Methods: Bacterial isolates were retrieved from different specimens of pus/wound, blood and other body fluids. These were characterized using conventional (catalase, DNase, coagulase etc), phenotypic and molecular techniques (oxacillin and cefoxitin susceptibility, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mec-A gene) methods of identification. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern was also detected by applying standard Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of all the isolated strains, the frequency of MSSA (methicillin sensitive Staphylococcu saureus) was more than the MRSA and it was found that the male patients were more affected than the female patients. All of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and oxacillin while most of them showed positive band of mec-A gene. All of the MRSA isolates showed resistant to penicillin followed by azithromycin, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin, while these strains were sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin, followed by teicoplanin, fosfomycin and fusidic acid. Conclusion: In conclusion, proper diagnosis of MRSA required conventional, phenotypic molecular techniques in our hospital diagnostic settings. This will help in choosing the effective antibiotics combat the infection.
Risk based screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and its fetomaternal outcome
Authors: QURESHI AASMA NAZ , AHMED IRFAN , LOHANO ASHOK KUMAR , AFROZ FARAH , HUSSSAIN DR.KHAWER
Published: June 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of factors leading to gestational diabetes mellitus and fetomaternal outcomes. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit-II at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. Study Design:  Cross sectional study. Duration of Study: Six months (1st July 2017 to 31st December 2017). Subject and Methods: A total of 86 Women with GDM included in the study by identification of risk factors from history an examination. A sample of capillary blood was tested with glucometer for random blood sugar level. GDM was diagnosed 2 hours blood glucose more than 126 mg/dl.Women with GDM was evaluated and followed to see the maternal outcome i.e. preterm delivery, pre-eclampsia and operative delivery and fetal outcome i.e. congenital anomalies, live birth, still birth, early neonatal death and macrosomia. All the data was entered on a pre-designed proforma attached at the end of synopsis. Results: The average age of the women was 26.23±4.03 years.  Frequency of factors leading to gestational diabetes mellitus was previous history of previous GDM; 66.3%, Previous history of macrosomia54.7%, Polyhydramnios in current pregnancy 51.2%, macrosomia in current pregnancy 44.2%,  previous history of shoulder dystosia 41.9%, and women with BMI >25kg/m2was observed in 32.6% cases. GDM causes significant maternal and fetal complications including preeclampsia 51.2%, preterm 23.3%, and operative delivery 29.1% as well as fetal death was observed in 21(24.4%) in which 17.44% still birth (15/86) and 6.98 (6/86) were neonatal death. Conclusion: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is associated with increased morbidity in mothers and fetus. Early detection and intervention is important because it improves pregnancy outcome.
PROSES EKSTRAKSI MINYAK BUNGA MELATI (JASMINUM SAMBAC) DENGAN METODE ENFLEURASI
Authors: Elwina Elwina , Irwan Irwan , Habibah Ummi
Published: June 2019

Minyak melati merupakan salah satu produk minyak atsiri yang paling mahal dan banyak digunakan dalam berbagai industri sehingga mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Untuk mendapatkan minyak melati atau dikenal dengan nama absolut, dapat digunakan berbagai metode ekstraksi. Namun dari berbagai metode tersebut, metode enfleurasi atau penyerapan dengan menggunakan lemak dingin diketahui akan menghasilkan rendemen yang lebih tinggi dan mutu minyak bunga yang dihasilkan lebih baik. Namun ada beberapa faktor lain yang juga dapat mempengaruhi kualitas dan kuantitas minyak yang didapat, seperti pengaruh pemakaian berbagai campuran jenis lemak, musim atau kondisi cuaca tempat bunga ditanam dan frekuensi penggantian bunga. Jenis bunga melati yang biasanya digunakan adalah jenis Jasminum sambac atau melati putih.Kata kunci : minyak melati, absolut, enfleurasi
PEMBUATAN NATA SARI LIDAH BUAYA
Authors: Fona Zahra , Fachraniah Fachraniah , Habibah Ummi
Published: June 2019

Nata dapat dibuat dari berbagai bahan, seperti dari air kelapa, dari kedelai, dari nenas, dari tomat, dari kulit semangka, dan lain-lain. Dalam penelitian ini akan dicoba membuat nata dengan sari lidah buaya karena kandungan nutrisi dalam daun lidah buaya dianggap dapat sesuai untuk media pertumbuhan bakteri Acetobakter cylinum, bakteri pembentuk nata. Daun lidah buaya dikupas dan dihaluskan, kemudian ditambahkan air dengan perbandingan 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, dan 1:3, ditambahkan gula 7,5%, pH 4, urea 0,3%, starter 10% Dari hasil penelitian pendahuluan didapat bahwa perbandingan sari daun lidah buaya dengan air 1:2 adalah yang terbaik menghasilkan nata. Konsentrasi ini digunakan pada penelitian lanjutan dengan memvariasikan gula (5; 7,5; dan 10%), pH (3,5; 4; dan 4,5), starter (7,5; 10; dan 15%), serta ragi roti (0,1; 0,2; dan 0,3%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang terbaik menghasilkan nata adalah konsentrasi gula 7,5%, pH 4, starter 15%, dan ragi roti 0,2% dengan berat nata yang dihasilkan 54,10 g, tebal 2,04 cm, volum 75,42, kadar air 97,80%, dan kadar serat kasar 0,90%. Panelis menyukai nata yang medianya ditambahkan ragi roti 0,1% karena teksturnya tidak terlalu keras dan tidak terlalu lunak. Daun lidah buaya dapat menjadi media alternatif pembuatan nata dengan tekstur dan rasa yang lebih baik serta tanpa rasa getir.Kata Kunci : Nata, Daun lidah buaya, bakteri Acetobakter cylinum, makanan serat, makanan diet rendah kalori.
PENGGUNAAN METODE AKSELERASI PADA PENENTUAN UMUR SIMPAN PISANG SALE DENGAN PENGEMAS YANG BERBEDA-BEDA
Authors: Habibah Ummi , Fachraniah Fachraniah , Fona Zahra , Elwina Elwina
Published: June 2019

Pisang sale merupakan suatu produk makanan setengah basah (Intermediaete Moisture Foods) yang dibuat dari buah pisang matang dan banyak diproduksi oleh industri kecil di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Suatu produk pangan selalu mengalami reaksi deteriorasi yang terjadi akibat faktor instrinsik atau faktor ekstrinsik tertentu. Reaksi deteriorasi atau penurunan mutu pisang sale terjadi akibat faktor fisik yaitu peningkatan kadar air dari lingkungan ke dalam bahan dan hal ini dapat dikurangi dengan menggunakan pengemas yang sesuai. Umur simpan pisang sale dapat ditentukan dengan suatu penelitian di laboratorium dengan memperhatikan perbedaan sifat-sifat produk dari awalnya dengan cara menentukan kriteria penurunan mutu kerusakan, menggunakan metode studi yang sesuai, mengukur peningkatan kadar air, dan pengujian organoleptik pada jangka waktu tertentu hingga diperoleh umur simpannya sebagai waktu kadaluarsa. Penentuan umur simpan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode mempercepat reaksi deteriorasi atau metode konvensional. Terdapat beberapa model persamaan yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan umur simpan produk pangan akibat peningkatan kadar air yaitu persamaan Heiss-Eichener, Rudolph, Labuza, dan Syarief.Kata Kunci : Pisang sale, umur simpan, reaksi deteriorasi, permeabilitas uap air, pengujian organoleptik
PENGGUNAAN IE KULOH SIRA SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGGUMPAL DAN PENGENDAP SUSU KEDELAI
Authors: Salmyah Salmyah
Published: June 2019

Ie kuloh sira merupakan larutan yang diperoleh dari limbah industri garam rakyat. Ie kuloh sira dapat dipakai sebagai bahan penggumpal dalam proses pembuatan tahu. Penambahan 50 ml Ie kuloh sira di dalam 50 liter susu kedelai dapat menghasilkan tahu dengan rasa yang enak dan aroma yang sedap karena di dalam ie kuloh sira masih tersisa garam NaCl yang tidak habis mengkristal. Kelebihan volume ie kuloh sira akan menyebabkan rasa tahu menjadi pahit dan warna menjadi coklat. Waktu pengendapan yang baik adalah 25 menit dengan kadar protein 32,9% dan rendemen 10.292,5 gram.Kata kunci: Ie kuloh sira, penggumpal protein, tahu.
PEMBUATAN GAS KLORIN (Cl ) DAN NATRIUM HIDROKSIDA (Naoh) DARI HASIL PEMURNIAN GARAM JANGKA ACEH: Artikel Review
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Zaini Halim
Published: June 2019

Garam Jangka mengandung NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, CaSO4, MgSO4, Na2SO4, H2O, debu, tanah, dan pasir halus dengan kadar NaCl kurang dari 78%, tergolong garam kualitas rendah. Garam ini dapat ditingkatkan kadar NaClnya hingga 92% -100% melalui pemurnian bertahap secara fisika, kimia, serta dengan  resin  penukar  ion,  menghasilkan  garam  kualitas  tinggi.  Salah  satu  keuntungan  garam berkualitas tinggi adalah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan gas  klorin dan natrium hidroksida melalui proses elektrolisis. Hasilnya dapat  digunakan pada berbagai industri sebagai bahan pengolahan air bersih, pembuatan sabun, plastik, industri kertas, dan industri kimia lainnya.Kata kunci: Gas klorin, natrium hidroksida, garam, pemurnian, elektrolisis.
SIMULATION OF NONLINEAR CIRCUITS BY SPECTRAL BALANCE METHOD USING TENSORS
Authors: Никитов Илья , Nikitov Ilya , Мельник Иван , Melnik Ivan , Гаврилов Евгений , Gavrilov Evgenii , Ланцов Владимир , Lantsov Vladimir
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the article is to present the new method for electronic circuits simulation in frequency domain. The paper consists of an introduction, five sections, a conclusion and list of references.

The first section is considered with the current state of the spectral balance method, which is a special versions of traditional harmonic balance method. In this method the linear and nonlinear parts of circuits are modeled in frequency domain only.

The second section is devoted to the development of a spectra calculation method in nonlinear elements. The nonlinear elements into circuits simulation software usually described in time domain, so we need to develop the algorithm for calculation the spectra in nonlinear elements in frequency domain.

In the third section the review of methods for tensor usage at simulation tasks into electronic CAD systems are discussed.

Into the section four the methods of tensor decomposition are described. The canonical decomposition, Tacker decomposition and tensor train decomposition are discussed.

The possible version of tensors usage in the tasks of spectral balance method for electronic CAD systems is presented in the section five.

The conclusion contains the results of the work done, practical value and prospects are indicated.
ENTERPRISE DIGITAL TWIN – INSTRUMENT OF DIGITALIZATION THE ACTIVITY OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Пономарев Кирилл , Ponomarev Kirill , Феофанов Александр , Feofanov Aleksandr , Грuшина Татьяна , Grishina Tatyana
Published: June 2019

Currently, the strategies of Industry 4.0 are increasingly used in all areas of industry and economy. One of the tools of Industry 4.0. is a digital twin of the enterprise. The digital twin is a virtual representation of a physical object that takes into account all changes that occur with this object, registers and displays in digital form the structure of the object in accordance with these changes. The digital twin increases the efficiency of interaction between geographically distributed workshops or enterprises, creates prerequisites for the introduction of technologies of unmanned production. With regard to the technological process, the digital twin, receiving information from sensors located on the technological lines of the enterprise, by processing and analyzing it, provides authorized employees comprehensive information about current enterprise situation. Introduction of the concept of a digital twin allows you to increase the safety of the entire organization, reduce the financial and time costs for developing new models of technological processes, to achieve the most rational decisions of multi-criteria tasks in production.In the conditions of widespread digitalization and automation, the introduction of digital twin technologies is an important step towards the development of the enterprise, preservation and increase of its influence in the market.