bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progressive nitrogen limitation across the Tibetan alpine permafrost region
Authors: Kou Dan , Yang Guibiao , Li Fei , Feng Xuehui , Zhang Dianye , Mao Chao , Zhang Qiwen , Peng Yunfeng , Ji Chengjun , Zhu Qiuan , Fang Yunting , Liu Xueyan , Xu-Ri  , Li Siqi , Deng Jia , Zheng Xunhua , Fang Jingyun , Yang Yuanhe
Published: July 2020

The ecosystem carbon (C) balance in permafrost regions, which has a global significance in understanding the terrestrial C-climate feedback, is significantly regulated by nitrogen (N) dynamics. However, our knowledge on temporal changes in vegetation N limitation (i.e., the supply of N relative to plant N demand) in permafrost ecosystems is still limited. Based on the combination of isotopic observations derived from a re-sampling campaign along a ~3000 km transect and simulations obtained from a process-based biogeochemical model, here we detect changes in ecosystem N cycle across the Tibetan alpine permafrost region over the past decade. We find that vegetation N limitation becomes stronger despite the increased available N production. The enhanced N limitation on vegetation growth is driven by the joint effects of elevated plant N demand and gaseous N loss. These findings suggest that N would constrain the future trajectory of ecosystem C cycle in this alpine permafrost region.
An ecological framework to understand the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation
Authors: Xiao Yandong , Angulo Marco Tulio , Lao Songyang , Weiss Scott T. , Liu Yang-Yu
Published: July 2020

Human gut microbiota plays critical roles in physiology and disease. Our understanding of ecological principles that govern the dynamics and resilience of this highly complex ecosystem remains rudimentary. This knowledge gap becomes more problematic as new approaches to modifying this ecosystem, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), are being developed as therapeutic interventions. Here we present an ecological framework to understand the efficacy of FMT in treating conditions associated with a disrupted gut microbiota, using the recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection as a prototype disease. This framework predicts several key factors that determine the efficacy of FMT. Moreover, it offers an efficient algorithm for the rational design of personalized probiotic cocktails to decolonize pathogens. We analyze data from both preclinical mouse experiments and a clinical trial of FMT to validate our theoretical framework. The presented results significantly improve our understanding of the ecological principles of FMT and have a positive translational impact on the rational design of general microbiota-based therapeutics.
Megaevolutionary dynamics and the timing of evolutionary innovation in reptiles
Authors: Simões Tiago R. , Vernygora Oksana , Caldwell Michael W. , Pierce Stephanie E.
Published: July 2020

The origin of phenotypic diversity among higher clades is one of the most fundamental topics in evolutionary biology. However, due to methodological challenges, few studies have assessed rates of evolution and phenotypic disparity across broad scales of time to understand the evolutionary dynamics behind the origin and early evolution of new clades. Here, we provide a total-evidence dating approach to this problem in diapsid reptiles. We find major chronological gaps between periods of high evolutionary rates (phenotypic and molecular) and expansion in phenotypic disparity in reptile evolution. Importantly, many instances of accelerated phenotypic evolution are detected at the origin of major clades and body plans, but not concurrent with previously proposed periods of adaptive radiation. Furthermore, strongly heterogenic rates of evolution mark the acquisition of similarly adapted functional types, and the origin of snakes is marked by the highest rates of phenotypic evolution in diapsid history.
Wnt-controlled sphingolipids modulate Anthrax Toxin Receptor palmitoylation to regulate oriented mitosis in zebrafish
Authors: Castanon I. , Hannich J. T. , Abrami L. , Huber F. , Dubois M. , Müller M. , van der Goot F. G. , Gonzalez-Gaitan M.
Published: July 2020

Oriented cell division is a fundamental mechanism to control asymmetric stem cell division, neural tube elongation and body axis extension, among other processes. During zebrafish gastrulation, when the body axis extends, dorsal epiblast cells display divisions that are robustly oriented along the animal-vegetal embryonic axis. Here, we use a combination of lipidomics, metabolic tracer analysis and quantitative image analysis to show that sphingolipids mediate spindle positioning during oriented division of epiblast cells. We identify the Wnt signaling as a regulator of sphingolipid synthesis that mediates the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the first and rate-limiting enzyme in sphingolipid production. Sphingolipids determine the palmitoylation state of the Anthrax receptor, which then positions the mitotic spindle of dividing epiblast cells. Our data show how Wnt signaling mediates sphingolipid-dependent oriented division and how sphingolipids determine Anthrax receptor palmitoylation, which ultimately controls the activation of Diaphanous to mediate spindle rotation and oriented mitosis.
Personalised mapping of tumour development in synchronous colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Thomas Valentina , Cotter Maura B. , Tosetto Miriam , Khaw Yi Ling , Geraghty Robert , Winter Desmond C. , Ryan Elizabeth J. , Sheahan Kieran , Furney Simon J.
Published: July 2020

Synchronous colorectal cancers (syCRCs) are two or more primary tumours identified simultaneously in a patient. Previous studies report high inter-tumour heterogeneity between syCRCs, suggesting independent origin and different treatment response, making their management particularly challenging, with no specific guidelines currently in place. Here, we performed in-depth bioinformatic analyses of genomic and transcriptomic data of a total of eleven syCRCs and one metachronous CRC collected from three patients. We found mixed microsatellite status between and within patients. Overlap of mutations between synchronous tumours was consistently low (<0.5%) and heterogeneity of driver events across syCRCs was high in all patients. Microbial analysis revealed the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum species in patients with MSI tumours, while quantification of tumour immune infiltration showed varying immune responses between syCRCs. Our results suggest high heterogeneity of syCRCs within patients but find clinically actionable biomarkers that help predict responses to currently available targeted therapies. Our study highlights the importance of personalised genome and transcriptome sequencing of all synchronous lesions to aid therapy decision and improve management of syCRC patients.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: some serious consequences with urban and rural water cycle
Authors: Bhowmick Gourav Dhar , Dhar Dhruba , Nath Dibyojyoty , Ghangrekar Makarand Madhao , Banerjee Rintu , Das Soumen , Chatterjee Jyotirmoy
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 outbreak due to SARS-CoV-2 has raised several concerns for its high transmission rate and unavailability of any treatment to date. Although major routes of its transmission involve respiratory droplets and direct contact, the infection through faecal matter is also possible. Conventional sewage treatment methods with disinfection are expected to eradicate SARS-CoV-2. However, for densely populated countries like India with lower sewage treatment facilities, chances of contamination are extremely high; as SARS-CoVs can survive up to several days in untreated sewage; even for a much longer period in low-temperature regions. With around 1.8 billion people worldwide using faecal-contaminated source as drinking water, the risk of transmission of COVID-19 is expected to increase by several folds, if proper precautions are not being taken. Therefore, preventing water pollution at the collection/distribution/consumption point along with proper implementation of WHO recommendations for plumbing/ventilation systems in household is crucial for resisting COVID-19 eruption.
Increased Alcohol Consumption in Mice Lacking Sodium Bicarbonate Transporter NBCn1
Authors: Schank Jesse R. , Lee Soojung , Gonzalez-Islas Carlos E. , Nennig Sadie E. , Fulenwider Hannah D. , Chang Jianjun , Li Jun Ming , Kim Yejin , Jeffers Lauren A. , Chung Jaegwon , Lee Jae-Kyung , Jin Zhe , Aalkjaer Christian , Boedtkjer Ebbe , Choi Inyeong
Published: July 2020

The previous reports on an addiction vulnerability marker in the human SLC4A7 gene encoding the Na/HCO3 transporter NBCn1 suggest that this pH-regulating protein may affect alcohol-related behavior and response. Here, we examined alcohol consumption and sensitivity to the sedative effects of alcohol in male NBCn1 knockout mice. These mice displayed lower pH in neurons than wildtype controls, determined by intracellular pH in hippocampal neuronal cultures. Neurons from knockout mice had a higher action potential threshold and a more depolarized membrane potential, thus reducing membrane excitability. In a two-bottle free choice procedure, knockout mice consumed more alcohol than controls and consistently increased alcohol consumption after repeated alcohol deprivation periods. Quinine and sucrose preference was similar between genotypes. Knockout mice showed increased propensity for alcohol-induced conditioned place preference. In loss of righting reflex assessment, knockout mice revealed increased sensitivity to alcohol-induced sedation and developed tolerance to the sedation after repeated alcohol administrations. Furthermore, chronic alcohol consumption caused NBCn1 downregulation in the hippocampus and striatum of mice and humans. These results demonstrate an important role of NBCn1 in regulation of alcohol consumption and sensitivity to alcohol-induced sedation.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux image quantization and analysis of its severity
Authors: Kuo Chung-Feng Jeffrey , Kao Chih-Hsiang , Dlamini Sifundvolesihle , Liu Shao-Cheng
Published: July 2020

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a prevalent disease affecting a high proportion of patients seeking laryngology consultation. Diagnosis is made subjectively based on history, symptoms, and endoscopic assessment. The results depend on the examiner's interpretation of endoscopic images. There are still no consistent objective diagnostic methods. The aim of this study is to use image processing techniques to quantize the laryngeal variation caused by LPR, to judge and analyze its severity. This study proposed methods of screening sharp images automatically from laryngeal endoscopic images and using throat eigen structure for automatic region segmentation. The proposed image compensation improved the illumination problems from the use of laryngoscope lens. Fisher linear discriminant was used to find out features and classification performance while support vector machine was used as the classifier for judging LPR. Evaluation results were 97.16% accuracy, 98.11% sensitivity, and 3.77% false positive rate. To evaluate the severity, quantized data of the laryngeal variation was used. LPR images were combined with reflux symptom index score chart, and severity was graded using a neural network. The results indicated 96.08% accuracy. The experiment indicated that laryngeal variation induced by LPR could be quantized by using image processing techniques to assist in diagnosing and treating LPR.
Multiplex profiling of serum proteins in solution using barcoded antibody fragments and next generation sequencing
Authors: Brofelth Mattias , Ekstrand Anna Isinger , Gour Shashank , Jansson Ronnie , Hedhammar My , Elleby Björn , Kvist Anders , Wingren Christer , Axelsson Ulrika , Borrebaeck Carl A. K.
Published: July 2020

The composition of serum proteins is reflecting the current health status and can, with the right tools, be used to detect early signs of disease, such as an emerging cancer. An earlier diagnosis of cancer would greatly increase the chance of an improved outcome for the patients. However, there is still an unmet need for proficient tools to decipher the information in the blood proteome, which calls for further technological development. Here, we present a proof-of-concept study that demonstrates an alternative approach for multiplexed protein profiling of serum samples in solution, using DNA barcoded scFv antibody fragments and next generation sequencing. The outcome shows high accuracy when discriminating samples derived from pancreatic cancer patients and healthy controls and represents a scalable alternative for serum analysis.
Zeb1 promotes corneal neovascularization by regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation
Authors: Jin Lei , Zhang Yingnan , Liang Wei , Lu Xiaoqin , Piri Niloofar , Wang Wei , Kaplan Henry J. , Dean Douglas C. , Zhang Lijun , Liu Yongqing
Published: July 2020

Angiogenesis is required for tissue repair; but abnormal angiogenesis or neovascularization (NV) causes diseases in the eye. The avascular status in the cornea is a prerequisite for corneal clarity and thought to be maintained by the equilibrium between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors that controls proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) sprouting from the pericorneal plexus. VEGF is the most important intrinsic factor for angiogenesis; anti-VEGF therapies are available for treating ocular NV. However, the effectiveness of the therapies is limited because of VEGF-independent mechanism(s). We show that Zeb1 is an important factor promoting vascular EC proliferation and corneal NV; and a couple of small molecule inhibitors can evict Ctbp from the Zeb1–Ctbp complex, thereby reducing EC Zeb1 expression, proliferation, and corneal NV. We conclude that Zeb1-regulation of angiogenesis is independent of Vegf and that the ZEB1–CtBP inhibitors can be of potential therapeutic significance in treating corneal NV.
Salmonella-based platform for efficient delivery of functional binding proteins to the cytosol
Authors: Chabloz Antoine , Schaefer Jonas V. , Kozieradzki Ivona , Cronin Shane J. F. , Strebinger Daniel , Macaluso Francesca , Wald Jiri , Rabbitts Terence H. , Plückthun Andreas , Marlovits Thomas C. , Penninger Josef M.
Published: July 2020

Protein-based affinity reagents (like antibodies or alternative binding scaffolds) offer wide-ranging applications for basic research and therapeutic approaches. However, whereas small chemical molecules efficiently reach intracellular targets, the delivery of macromolecules into the cytosol of cells remains a major challenge; thus cytosolic applications of protein-based reagents are rather limited. Some pathogenic bacteria have evolved a conserved type III secretion system (T3SS) which allows the delivery of effector proteins into eukaryotic cells. Here, we enhance the T3SS of an avirulent strain of Salmonella typhimurium to reproducibly deliver multiple classes of recombinant proteins into eukaryotic cells. The efficacy of the system is probed with both DARPins and monobodies to functionally inhibit the paradigmatic and largely undruggable RAS signaling pathway. Thus, we develop a bacterial secretion system for potent cytosolic delivery of therapeutic macromolecules.
Task rule and choice are reflected by layer-specific processing in rodent auditory cortical microcircuits
Authors: Zempeltzi Marina M. , Kisse Martin , Brunk Michael G. K. , Glemser Claudia , Aksit Sümeyra , Deane Katrina E. , Maurya Shivam , Schneider Lina , Ohl Frank W. , Deliano Matthias , Happel Max F. K.
Published: July 2020

The primary auditory cortex (A1) is an essential, integrative node that encodes the behavioral relevance of acoustic stimuli, predictions, and auditory-guided decision-making. However, the realization of this integration with respect to the cortical microcircuitry is not well understood. Here, we characterize layer-specific, spatiotemporal synaptic population activity with chronic, laminar current source density analysis in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) trained in an auditory decision-making Go/NoGo shuttle-box task. We demonstrate that not only sensory but also task- and choice-related information is represented in the mesoscopic neuronal population code of A1. Based on generalized linear-mixed effect models we found a layer-specific and multiplexed representation of the task rule, action selection, and the animal’s behavioral options as accumulating evidence in preparation of correct choices. The findings expand our understanding of how individual layers contribute to the integrative circuit in the sensory cortex in order to code task-relevant information and guide sensory-based decision-making.
Cell-to-cell expression dispersion of B-cell surface proteins is linked to genetic variants in humans
Authors: Triqueneaux Gérard , Burny Claire , Symmons Orsolya , Janczarski Stéphane , Gruffat Henri , Yvert Gaël
Published: July 2020

Variability in gene expression across a population of homogeneous cells is known to influence various biological processes. In model organisms, natural genetic variants were found that modify expression dispersion (variability at a fixed mean) but very few studies have detected such effects in humans. Here, we analyzed single-cell expression of four proteins (CD23, CD55, CD63 and CD86) across cell lines derived from individuals of the Yoruba population. Using data from over 30 million cells, we found substantial inter-individual variation of dispersion. We demonstrate, via de novo cell line generation and subcloning experiments, that this variation exceeds the variation associated with cellular immortalization. We detected a genetic association between the expression dispersion of CD63 and thers971SNP. Our results show that human DNA variants can have inherently-probabilistic effects on gene expression. Such subtle genetic effects may participate to phenotypic variation and disease outcome.
Optical analogues to the equatorial Kerr–Newman black hole
Authors: Tinguely R. A. , Turner Andrew P.
Published: July 2020

Optical analogues to black holes allow the investigation of general relativity in a laboratory setting. Previous works have considered analogues to Schwarzschild black holes in an isotropic coordinate system; the major drawback is that required material properties diverge at the horizon. We present the dielectric permittivity and permeability tensors that exactly reproduce the equatorial Kerr–Newman metric, as well as the gradient-index material that reproduces equatorial Kerr–Newman null geodesics. Importantly, the radial profile of the scalar refractive index is finite along all trajectories except at the point of rotation reversal for counter-rotating geodesics. Construction of these analogues is feasible with available ordinary materials. A finite-difference frequency-domain solver of Maxwell’s equations is used to simulate light trajectories around a variety of Kerr–Newman black holes. For reasonably sized experimental systems, ray tracing confirms that null geodesics can be well-approximated in the lab, even when allowing for imperfect construction and experimental error.
A tuneable telecom wavelength entangled light emitting diode deployed in an installed fibre network
Authors: Xiang Zi-Heng , Huwer Jan , Skiba-Szymanska Joanna , Stevenson R. Mark , Ellis David J. P. , Farrer Ian , Ward Martin B. , Ritchie David A. , Shields Andrew J.
Published: July 2020

Entangled light emitting diodes based on semiconductor quantum dots are promising devices for security sensitive quantum network applications, thanks to their natural lack of multi photon-pair generation. Apart from telecom wavelength emission, network integrability of these sources ideally requires electrical operation for deployment in compact systems in the field. For multiplexing of entangled photons with classical data traffic, emission in the telecom O-band and tuneability to the nearest wavelength channel in compliance with coarse wavelength division multiplexing standards (20 nm channel spacing) is highly desirable. Here we show a fully electrically operated telecom entangled light emitting diode with wavelength tuneability of more than 25 nm, deployed in an installed fibre network. With the source tuned to 1310.00 nm, we demonstrate multiplexing of true single entangled photons with classical data traffic and achieve entanglement fidelities above 94% on an installed fibre in a city.
Molecular insights and concepts to engineer singlet fission energy conversion devices
Authors: Casillas Rubén , Papadopoulos Ilias , Ullrich Tobias , Thiel Dominik , Kunzmann Andreas , Guldi Dirk Michael
Published: July 2020

In thisReview, we showcase the fundamental processes of intermolecular and intramolecular singlet fission (SF).
Levels and sources of PBDEs and PCBs in human nails from e-waste, urban, and rural areas in South China
Authors: Meng Hua-Jun , Tang Bin , Zheng Jing , Ma She-Xia , Cai Feng-Shan , Zhuang Xi , Wang Jun-Li , Yu Yun-Jiang
Published: July 2020

Human nails can be used as a suitable indicator of human exposure to PCBs and PBDEs.
Effects of charge and hydrophilicity on the anti-fouling properties of kidney-inspired, polyester membranes
Authors: Mohamed Halan , Hudziak Stephen , Arumuganathan Vishanigaa , Meng Zheyi , Coppens Marc-Olivier
Published: July 2020

Reducing membrane fouling using a nature-inspired approach: investigation of the effects of hydrophilicity and charge, separately and combined.
Simple spectroscopic determination of the hard protein corona composition in AuNPs: albumin at 75%
Authors: Vitali Michele , Casals Eudald , Canals Francesc , Colomé Nuria , Puntes Victor
Published: July 2020

Determination of nanoparticle hard protein corona features using a simple spectroscopic approach.
Correction: A rapid hemostatic sponge based on large, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and N-alkylated chitosan
Authors: Chen Zihao , Han Lei , Liu Changjun , Du Yu , Hu Xiao , Du Ge , Shan Chao , Yang Kun , Wang Chunlai , Li Minggao , Li Fan , Tian Feng
Published: July 2020

Correction for ‘A rapid hemostatic sponge based on large, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and N-alkylated chitosan’ by Zihao Chen et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 20234–20245, DOI: 10.1039/C8NR07865C.
Photoisomerization-enhanced 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of carbon-bridged octocyclic azobenzene with photo-released nitrile imine for peptide stapling and imaging in live cells
Authors: Deng Jiajie , Wu Xueting , Guo Guiling , Zhao Xiaohu , Yu Zhipeng
Published: July 2020

A novel photo-click ligation reaction between nitrile imines and photo-switchable octocyclic azobenzenes was established to both tune the conformation of the NoxaB peptide and conjugate probes with enhanced efficacy in cell apoptosis.
Co-delivery of chlorantraniliprole and avermectin with a polylactide microcapsule formulation
Authors: Suraphan Nuntanit , Fan Linfeng , Liu Baoxia , Wu Decheng
Published: July 2020

We constructed a porous PLA-microcapsule-based co-delivery system of chlorantraniliprole and avermectin using a double emulsion method combined with premix membrane emulsion.
Enhancement of CeO2modified commercial SCR catalyst for synergistic mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas
Authors: Zhang Shibo , Zhang Qingzhu , Zhao Yongchun , Yang Jianping , Xu Yang , Zhang Junying
Published: July 2020

CeO2modification improves the synergistic Hg0removal performance of commercial SCR catalyst.
Core remodeling leads to long wavelength fluoro-coumarins
Authors: Matikonda Siddharth S. , Ivanic Joseph , Gomez Miguel , Hammersley Gabrielle , Schnermann Martin J.
Published: July 2020

Fluoro-Coumarins are a novel class of far-red and near-infrared solvent sensitive dyes of exceptionally low molecular weight.
An unprecedentedc-oriented DDR@MWW zeolite hybrid membrane: new insights into H2-permselectivitiesviasix membered-ring pores
Authors: Jang Eunhee , Lee Jeong Hyeon , Hong Sungwon , Jeong Yanghwan , Kim Jin Chul , Kim Dongjae , Baik Hionsuck , Kim Eunjoo , Choi Nakwon , Nam Jaewook , Cho Sung June , Kwak Sang Kyu , Choi Jungkyu
Published: July 2020

A heteroepitaxial growth of ac-oriented MWW zeolite seed layer with a synthetic precursor that led to the synthesis of DDR zeolites resulted in thec-oriented DDR@MWW hybrid membrane.
Core–shell hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived hierarchical carbon for capacitive deionization
Authors: Zhang Wuxiang , Arramel Arramel , Wong Ping Kwan Johnny , Zhang Lei , Zheng Jianzhong , Zhang Wen , Zhang Hao , Yan Xin , Qi Junwen , Li Jiansheng
Published: July 2020

We introduce a viable strategy for the fabrication of core–shell ZIF-8@PVP–PDA/Zn by in situ 2-methylimidazole-assisted dopamine self-polymerization.
Non-invasive optical imaging of retinal Aβ plaques using curcumin loaded polymeric micelles in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic mice for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Chibhabha Fidelis , Yang Yaqi , Ying Kuang , Jia Fujie , Zhang Qin , Ullah Shahid , Liang Zibin , Xie Muke , Li Feng
Published: July 2020

Intravitreal injection of DSPE-PEG2000 curcumin polymeric micelles for retinal amyloid labeling for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease through non-invasive optical imaging.
5d transition-metal atom/5d–3d dimer adsorption tailored electronic structure and magnetic anisotropy of two-dimensional WSe2 monolayers
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Xiaocha , Mi Wenbo
Published: July 2020

Two-dimensional (2D) WSe2 monolayers have attracted much attention due to their unique electronic structure, and have potential applications in nanoelectronic, optoelectronic, spintronic and valleytronic devices.
Does More Compression Mean More Pressure? A New Classification for Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Authors: Fernández Secundino , Garaycochea Octavio , Martinez-Arellano Ana , Alcalde Juan
Published: July 2020

Objective

The aims of this study were to test the hypothesis that greater supraglottic compression (anteroposterior or lateral) correlates with higher subglottic pressure (SGP) and to develop a classification of muscle tension dysphonia (MTD), based on the degree of supraglottic compression during speech.

Method

A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a series of 37 consecutive patients diagnosed with MTD with an altered aerodynamic profile characterized by high SGP (more than 90 mmH
2
O). Supraglottic anteroposterior and lateral compression were categorized in three grades and assessed during the laryngoscopic examination. All patients completed the Spanish Voice Handicap Index (VHI) questionnaire and completed an acoustic and aerodynamic voice assessment. The relationship between compression grade and VHI with SGP was analyzed.

Results

More than 90% of patients demonstrated some degree of anteroposterior compression, and 67% had some degree of lateral compression. The mean (
SD
) SGP was 111.03 (16.7) mmH
2
O, and the mean VHI was 27.86 (12.5). The degree of SGP was statistically different in the different grades of anteroposterior compression, and also anteroposterior compression correlated with an SGP (
p
< .05). The degree of lateral compression was not correlated with SGP. Neither the degree of anteroposterior or lateral compression nor the value of SGP was found to correlate with VHI.

Conclusions

Because grade of anteroposterior compression correlates with SGP, these grades can be used for diagnosis and follow-up of MTD patients. To this end and on this basis, we propose a new classification for MTD. Unlike the established classification, our proposed one makes it possible to combine different laryngoscopic features, improving the description of the larynx during phonation.
The GAPS programme at TNG
Authors: Barbato D. , Pinamonti M. , Sozzetti A. , Biazzo K. , Benatti S. , Damasso M. , Desidera S. , Lanza A. F. , Maldonado J. , Mancini L. , Scandariato G. , Affer L. , Andreuzzi G. , Bignamini A. , Bonomo A. S. , Borsa F. , Carleo I. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Covino E. , Fiorenzano A. F. M. , Giacobbe P. , Harutyunyan A. , Knapic C. , Leto G. , Lorenzi V. , Maggio A. , Malavolta L. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Molinaro M. , Nascimbeni V. , Pagano I. , Pedani M. , Piotto G. , Poretti E. , Rainer M.
Published: July 2020

Context. With the growth of comparative exoplanetology, it is becoming increasingly clear that investigating the relationships between inner and outer planets plays a key role in discriminating between competing formation and evolution models. To do so, it is important to probe the inner region of systems that host long-period giants in search of undetected lower-mass planetary companions.

Aims. In this work, we present our results on the K-dwarf star BD-11 4672, which is already known to host a long-period giant planet, as the first output of a subsample of the GAPS programme specifically aimed at assessing the impact of inefficient migration of planets formed beyond the snowline by searching for Neptune-mass and super-Earth planetary companions of known longer-period giants.

Methods. We used the high-precision HARPS-N observations of BD-11 4672 in conjunction with time series taken from the literature in order to search for additional inner planetary signals to be fitted using differential evolution Markov chain Monte Carlo. The long-term stability of the new orbital solutions was tested with N-body dynamical simulations.

Results. We report the detection of BD-11 4672 c, a new Neptune-mass planet with an orbital period of 74.20−0.08+0.06 d, eccentricity of 0.40−0.15+0.13, semimajor axis of 0.30 ± 0.01 au, and minimum mass 15.37−2.81+2.97 M⊕, orbiting slightly outside the inner edge of the optimistic circumstellar habitable zone. In order to assess its impact on the dynamical stability of the habitable zone, we computed the angular momentum deficit of the system, showing that planet c has a severe negative impact on the stability of possible additional lower-mass temperate planets. The BD-11 4672 system is notable for its architecture, hosting both a long-period giant planet and an inner lower-mass planet, the latter being one of the most eccentric Neptune-mass planets known at similar periods.
Quantifying spatiotemporal rhythm of stream metabolism along human disturbance gradients
Authors: Eryiğit Miraç , Evrendilek Fatih , Karakaya Nusret
Published: July 2020

This study aimed at investigating the effects of the urban wastewater treatment plant (WTP) discharges on the metabolism of Büyüksu Stream (Bolu, Turkey), and modelling the metabolism components as a function of measured environmental variables. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and water temperatures (Tw) were measured to estimate montly stream metabolism in the four reaches: Before and after discharges of the WTP, and the headwaters of Abant Creek and Mudurnu Creek feeding Büyüksu Stream. The DO and Tw measurements were performed for 17 months between August 2015 and December 2016. Metabolism components of community respiration (Rc), gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem metabolism (NEM) were estimated by using the two-station method. According to naturality gradient (reach disturbance gradients: before and after discharges, and headwaters of the creeks), mean metabolism components were compared by performing the one-way analysis of variance. The comparison results showed that the WTP discharges increased the average Rc from −30.6 g O2 m−2 day−1 to −130.9 g O2 m−2 day−1, and had no significant impact on the average GPP, statistically (15.6 and 9.1 g O2 m−2 day−1 before and after discharges, respectively). Validations of the multiple non-linear regression models of NEM and Rc gave coefficients of determination of 74.9% and 66.6%, respectively.
No clinical benefit from gender-specific total knee replacement implants: a systematic review
Authors: Sappey-Marinier Elliot , Swan John , Batailler Cécile , Servien Elvire , Lustig Sébastien
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains the treatment of choice for severe osteoarthritis of the knee and nearly 60% of patients undergoing TKA are women. Females present three notable anatomic differences. Thus, gender-specific (GS) components were introduced to accommodate the females’ anatomic differences. No systematic review has been published since 2014. The aim of this study was to perform a recent systematic review of the literature to determine whether there is any clinical benefit of gender-specific implants compared to conventional unisex implants in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: This study included prospective randomized controlled trials (PRCTs) comparing clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications in TKA with gender-specific implants and conventional implants. All studies had a minimum follow-up of two years.Results: Three PRCTs published between 2010 and 2012 were included. These studies showed a low risk of bias and were of very high quality. We did not find superior clinical outcomes for gender-specific prostheses compared to conventional prostheses. However, gender-specific TKA reduced the number of patients with femoral component overhang compared to conventional TKA.Conclusion: In our systematic review, despite a lower overhang rate, gender-specific implants in female TKA showed no clinical benefit over standard unisex implants. Good clinical results with significant improvement were observed with both designs. There is a notable absence of new studies on this subject in recent years, and further research needs to be performed using various gender-specific implant designs to further define the role of gender-specific implants.Level of evidence: Systematic review, Level IV
Multiligamentäre Kniegelenkverletzungen – Epidemiologie, Diagnostik und Klassifikation
Authors: Korthaus Alexander , Krause Matthias , Frosch Karl-Heinz
Published: July 2020

Multiligamentäre Kniegelenkverletzungen sind glücklicherweise sehr selten. Doch wenn es dazu kommt, stellen sie für den behandelnden Arzt wegen der geringen Inzidenz, der möglichen Begleitverletzungen und der unterschiedlichen Unfallmechanismen eine erhebliche diagnostische Herausforderung dar.
„Die Behinderung ist ein Teil von mir.“ – Interview mit dem Leichtathleten Markus Rehm
Authors: Ermel Johannes
Published: July 2020

Das Aus kam völlig unerwartet. Nach einem Unfall in seiner Jugend hatte Markus Rehm den Sport für sich abgeschrieben. Dass er heute einer der erfolgreichsten und bekanntesten Behindertensportler Deutschlands ist, hat viele Gründe. Sportphysio-Redakteur Johannes Ermel hat nachgefragt.
Update Schulter – Test von Kraft und Funktion
Authors: Jörger Matthias , Enzler Marcel
Published: July 2020

Die Untersuchung der Schulter ist für viele Physiotherapeuten tägliche Routine. Ein Handdynamometer hilft dabei, die Befunde zu quantifizieren und Kraftwerte miteinander zu vergleichen. Aber auch die Ausführung der Bewegung sollte man im Blick haben.
Mobile Phone in Stomach—Is Endoscopic Trial Worthwhile?: A Case Report
Authors: Pawar Ankush , Dalal Ashok , Dahale Amol , Sachdeva Sanjeev , Puri Amarender Singh
Published: July 2020

A 35-year-old male prisoner with a history of mobile phone ingestion was refereed to our center for management. Clinical examination was unremarkable. After confirmation on abdominal X-ray, we removed it endoscopically without any complication. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second case report of successful endoscopic removal of mobile phone.
Intrabiliary Acetylcysteine Infusion for Biliary Obstruction in a Case of Chronic Pancreatitis with Pancreatic Head IPMN
Authors: Vincent Paul K. , Ahamed Hasim , Gopalakrishna Rajesh , Menon Ramachandran , Venu Rama P.
Published: July 2020

Successful biliary drainage in case of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) with thick mucus by ERCP and internal drainage alone is usually inadequate. The mucolytic properties of acetylcysteine can offer a therapeutic benefit in this setting. We report a 50-year-old man with chronic pancreatitis and IPMN who had recurrent episodes of biliary obstruction due to mucous occlusion, despite multiple stent exchanges. A nasobiliary catheter was placed and infusion of acetylcysteine was performed which resulted in significant improvement of jaundice. He later underwent surgery after nutritional rehabilitation. This case report highlights the role of intrabiliary acetylcysteine infusions for mucous occlusions in IPMN.
Primary B-Cell Lymphoma of Caecum Presenting as an Ulcerative Lesion in a Young Male
Authors: Bamanikar Arvind , Patil Swapnil , Sharma Shivam
Published: July 2020

Extra nodal site of non–Hodgkin’s lymphoma is mostly in the gastrointestinal tract. Large intestine is rarely affected compared with stomach or small bowel. The colon is affected in 0.4% of cases approximately. High index of suspicion is required to establish the diagnosis, since there may be no specific signs. Here we report a case of a 28-year-old male, who presented with diarrhea , abdominal pain and weight loss of 2-month duration and diagnosed as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) of the cecum as B-cell lymphoma, unclassified (BCLU) according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.
Exchange of Clinical and Omics Data According to FAIR Principles: A Review of Open Source Solutions
Authors: Pugliese Philipp , Knell Christian , Christoph Jan
Published: July 2020

Background Due to the ongoing increase and importance of the sustainable reusability of data, the findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable or FAIR principles were developed which are also relevant in translational research.

Objectives The study aims at identification of platforms by literature search that are suitable for implementation in translational research, in particular with regard to their FAIRness.

Methods The collected information is summarized and compared.

Results Platforms have been identified which are suitable for linking with other translational platforms with regard to documentation, long-term archiving, and processing as well as for FAIR handling of bioinformatic data.

Conclusion There are already platforms in the translational environment that take FAIR principles into account and thus improve translational research. Due to the specialization of the research platforms and the fact that FAIR are only principles and not standards, the platforms have to be examined in individual cases to see whether and how they can be integrated with other platforms.
Mantle Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis of the Colon
Authors: Shafiq Syed , Ramesh Ganesh Narayan , Khandagale Varun
Published: July 2020

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a subset of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with a tendency to involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and presents as multiple lymphomatous polyposis of one or multiple segments of the GI tract. Here, we report an unusual case of a 58-year-old female presenting with chief complaints of constipation, bleed per rectum, and unintentional weight loss of 15 kg over 6 months. Colonoscopy revealed the entire colon to be studded with polypoidal lesions of varying sizes which were biopsied. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed the polypoidal lesions to represent MCL. Computed tomography scan showed numerous variable-sized polypoidal lesions scattered throughout the entire colon along with paraaortic and mesenteric lymphadenopathy. Thus far, she has undergone three cycles of chemotherapy with R-CHOP resulting in significant tumor reduction and symptomatic improvement in her well-being.
Push Enteroscopy Guided Removal of a Sharp Foreign Body from the Midjejunum in a Child
Authors: Sundaram Sridhar , Giri Suprabhat , Patra Biswaranjan , Darak Harish , Bhatia Shobna
Published: July 2020

Background The majority of foreign bodies entering the small intestine are passed spontaneously. However, in case of a sharp object, its removal is an urgency due to a higher risk of intestinal perforation, and endoscopic intervention is an appropriate management strategy as surgery is associated with greater morbidity. Although enteroscopy is the standard practice for the removal of a foreign body in the small intestine, gastroduodenoscopy may be used for small intestinal foreign body removal.

Case Presentation We describe here the case of a 21-month-old child in whom a 5-cm, sharp-pointed nail in the midjejunum was removed successfully by a gastroduodenoscopy. This case highlights the difficulties in the removal of a sharp foreign body in a pediatric patient and the use of push enteroscopy.

Conclusion Gastroduodenoscopy can be used for the removal of a foreign body in the small intestine in pediatric population in a resource-limited setup by performing push enteroscopy.
From Raw Data to FAIR Data: The FAIRification Workflow for Health Research
Authors: Sinaci A. Anil , Núñez-Benjumea Francisco J. , Gencturk Mert , Jauer Malte-Levin , Deserno Thomas , Chronaki Catherine , Cangioli Giorgio , Cavero-Barca Carlos , Rodríguez-Pérez Juan M. , Pérez-Pérez Manuel M. , Laleci Erturkmen Gokce B. , Hernández-Pérez Tony , Méndez-Rodríguez Eva , Parra-Calderón Carlos L.
Published: July 2020

Background FAIR (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) guiding principles seek the reuse of data and other digital research input, output, and objects (algorithms, tools, and workflows that led to that data) making them findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. GO FAIR - a bottom-up, stakeholder driven and self-governed initiative - defined a seven-step FAIRification process focusing on data, but also indicating the required work for metadata. This FAIRification process aims at addressing the translation of raw datasets into FAIR datasets in a general way, without considering specific requirements and challenges that may arise when dealing with some particular types of data.

Objectives This scientific contribution addresses the architecture design of an open technological solution built upon the FAIRification process proposed by “GO FAIR” which addresses the identified gaps that such process has when dealing with health datasets.

Methods A common FAIRification workflow was developed by applying restrictions on existing steps and introducing new steps for specific requirements of health data. These requirements have been elicited after analyzing the FAIRification workflow from different perspectives: technical barriers, ethical implications, and legal framework. This analysis identified gaps when applying the FAIRification process proposed by GO FAIR to health research data management in terms of data curation, validation, deidentification, versioning, and indexing.

Results A technological architecture based on the use of Health Level Seven International (HL7) FHIR (fast health care interoperability resources) resources is proposed to support the revised FAIRification workflow.

Discussion Research funding agencies all over the world increasingly demand the application of the FAIR guiding principles to health research output. Existing tools do not fully address the identified needs for health data management. Therefore, researchers may benefit in the coming years from a common framework that supports the proposed FAIRification workflow applied to health datasets.

Conclusion Routine health care datasets or data resulting from health research can be FAIRified, shared and reused within the health research community following the proposed FAIRification workflow and implementing technical architecture.
Outcomes of Double Balloon Enteroscopy for Managing Overt Small Bowel Bleeding
Authors: Dalal Ankit , Patil Gaurav , Maydeo Amit
Published: July 2020

Background The commonest therapeutic indications for double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) includes removal of retained video capsules, dilatation of strictures, polypectomy, and managing obscure small bowel bleeding. We review our experience in managing active small bowel bleeding with DBE.

Methods A retrospective review was done for all the cases undergoing DBE from August 2017 to July 2019. Patient follow-up data was collected.

Results Among 25 cases with a median age of 46.8 (range 25–65 years), 17 males (68%) underwent DBE for suspected small bowel bleeding. The commonest presenting complaint was melena 19 (76%). The findings were positive (diagnostic yield) in 18 (72%) patients with an antegrade approach. Active bleeding was associated with Dieulafoy's lesion (n = 6), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) (n = 4), jejunal varices (n = 3), angioectasia (n = 3), and ulcer (n = 2), who then underwent successful intervention. The rest of the patients underwent both antegrade and retrograde approach but failed to immediately identify an alternative diagnosis. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) time taken for antegrade enteroscopy was 96.7 (15.3) mins and 67.8 (13.6) mins for retrograde enteroscopy. The median duration between the last bleeding episode and timing of DBE was 9 (range 6–15 hours). No major complications were seen during or immediately postprocedure.

Conclusion DBE is useful in identifying and treating active small bowel bleeding. Being invasive and time-intensive, it is easy to miss lesions and, therefore, needs appropriate expertise. DBE does appear to be relatively cheaper, with better patient acceptance and time saving.
Clinical and Magnifying Narrow-Band Imaging Endoscopic Finding–Olmesartan-Associated Collagenous Gastroduodenitis
Authors: Desai Pankaj , Patel Chintan , Kabrawala Mayank , Nandwani Subhash , Arora Priya , Parekh Krishna
Published: July 2020

Collagenous gastroduodenitis is a rare and may be associated with olmesartan, an angiotensin–II receptor antagonist used for management of hypertension. It is characterized by marked subepithelial collagen deposition with mucosal inflammatory infiltrate. The characteristic endoscopic finding of collagenous gastritis is nodular mucosa and other findings include erythema friability, erosions, ulcers and atrophy. Olmesartan-associated collagenous gastroduodenitis without colonic involvement is exceptionally rare with only one case reported in literature to date. The association may be difficult to recognize because of its clinical and histologic similarity to the clinical entity collagenous gastroduodenitis. We present a case of Olmesartan-associated collagenous gastroduodenitis, which was observed on magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopic findings.
Optically pumped semiconductor laser based on a type-II CdS/ZnSe heterostructure
Authors: Butaev M.R. , Kozlovsky V.I. , Skasyrsky Ya.K.
Published: July 2020

An optically pumped semiconductor laser based on a type-II CdS/ZnSe nanoheterostructure containing 10 quantum wells (QWs) was studied. The structure was grown by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy on a GaAs substrate. The lifetime of electron-hole pairs at a low pump level was measured by luminescence decay to be ∼0 ns. The peak power of the microcavity semiconductor laser at room temperature and longitudinal pumping by a repetitively pulsed N2laser was 7.2 W at a wavelength of 514 nm. The relatively low laser slope efficiency (0.35 %) is explained by amplified spontaneous emission propagating along the structure. The peak power and efficiency of the laser in the case of transverse pumping increase to 70 W and 3.5 %, respectively.
Extensive sequence and structural evolution of Arginase 2 inhibitory antibodies enabled by an unbiased approach to affinity maturation
Authors: Chan Denice T. Y. , Jenkinson Lesley , Haynes Stuart W. , Austin Mark , Diamandakis Agata , Burschowsky Daniel , Seewooruthun Chitra , Addyman Alexandra , Fiedler Sebastian , Ryman Stephanie , Whitehouse Jessica , Slater Louise H. , Gowans Ellen , Shibata Yoko , Barnard Michelle , Wilkinson Robert W. , Vaughan Tristan J. , Holt Sarah V. , Cerundolo Vincenzo , Carr Mark D. , Groves Maria A. T.
Published: July 2020

Significance

We describe an antibody optimization strategy that seeks to overcome the restrictive nature of existing affinity-maturation methods, by rapidly exploring a vast sequence space in an unbiased manner through application of PCR techniques and ribosome display. We exemplified the significance of this method by contrasting the crystal structure of the parent and optimized antibodies bound to Arginase 2, which revealed a striking reorientation of the binding paratope, concurrent with distinct improvements in inhibitory potency and binding properties. The nature and magnitude of the epitope expansion was extraordinary and unlikely to have been produced through conventional affinity-maturation methods. This innovative approach demonstrates broad applicability to the optimization of candidate therapeutic antibodies, even those less amenable to CDRH3 targeting.