bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Itsbat Nikah Terpadu
Authors: Siregar Tohiruddin , Harahap Ikhwanuddin , Harahap Zul Anwar Ajim
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetrahui (1) Pembelajaran Itsbat Nikah Terpadu berdasarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2015. (2) Efektivitas pembelajaran Itsbat Nikah Terpadu berdasarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 oleh UIN Syahda. (3) Faktor-faktor penghambat pembelajaran Itsbat Nikah Terpadu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif bersifat deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu masyarakat pembelajar itsbat. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari tahap proses pembelajaran persidangan Itsbat nikah terpadu yang dilakukan  berjalan sangat tidak efektif dan tidak tercover. Sangat tidak efektifnya karena ada 100 berkas pelaksanaan itsbat nikah Terpadu akan tetapi hanya 33 pasangan suami istri yang mendaftar hadir dalam pelaksanaan Itsbat nikah terpadu keliling, artinya pembelajaran pada masyarakat masih kurang kesadaran terhadap pembelajaran sidang Itsbat nikah terpadu keliling dan tidak ingin dibantu dalam mencari keadilan untuk memperoleh status hukum karena dilihat dari tingkat capaiannya sangat tidak efektif yaitu dengan rasio efektivitasnya dibawah 40. Padahal dalam pembelaran Itsbat nikah terpadu keliling seluruh jenjang struktural dangat diperlukan dan disepakati bahwa pembelajaran sidang Itsbat nikah terpadu penting untuk dilaksanakan dan menjadi motivasi hukum bagi hakim Pengadilan Agama Padangsidimpuan karena rasa tanggung jawab hakim untuk memenuhi dan memberikan pelayanan prima terhadap masyarakat pencari keadilan.
Kontroversi Interpretasi Orang Tua terhadap Penggunaan Pembelajaran Online Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Masa Covid-19
Authors: Hadie Siswoyo , Yuniarti Fatma
Published: January 2024

Orang tua memaknai pembelajaran daring berbeda dengan pembelajaran tatap muka yang mungkin mempunyai konsekuensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kontroversi orang tua dalam melakukan pembelajaran daring pada masa penyakit virus corona 19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam menganalisis data penelitian. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh 24 orang tua siswa sekolah dasar. Data diambil melalui kuesioner. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya setuju dan tidak setuju terhadap penggunaan pembelajaran daring. Kesepakatan penggunaan pembelajaran daring didasarkan pada keefektifan pembelajaran daring. Hal ini efektif untuk mengurangi penyebaran penyakit virus corona. Selain itu, nilai siswa juga meningkat. Pembelajaran online juga dapat membantu orang tua dalam mengontrol anak. Sedangkan perbedaan pendapat didasari oleh sulitnya mengakses materi dan memahami penjelasan guru. Orang tua harus mendampingi anaknya dalam belajar. Dibutuhkan lebih banyak dana untuk mendukung pembelajaran online. Nilai siswa juga kurang memuaskan.
Strategi Guru dalam Meningkatkan Akhlakul Karimah Siswa pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Mata Pelajaran PAI di Kelas VB SDN 106 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Khoirunnisa Kurnia , Sapitri Nengseh Esy , Periska Peli , Andika Devi , Asvio Nova
Published: January 2024

Pada penelitian ini penulis bermaksud untuk melihat bagaimana strategi guru dalam meningkatkan akhlakul karimah siswa pada kurikulum merdeka belajar mata pelajaran PAI di kelas VB SDN 106 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Deskriptif kualitatif, dengan memakai teknik pengambilan data observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian kualitatif berupa catatan, rekaman suara, video, dan foto, kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk tulisan. Adapun temuan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa strategi guru PAI dalam meningkatkan akhlakul karimah siswa pada kurikulum merdeka belajar mata pelajaran PAI di kelas VB SDN 106 kota Bengkulu: yaitu dengan cara melaksanakan program-program yang bisa meningkatkan nilai-nilai agama seperti tafakur, shalat Dhuha berjamaah, shalat zuhur berjamaah, kultum oleh guru PAI , dan berinfak. Program-program tersebut memperoleh hasil yang sangat positif, yaitu akhlak siswa menjadi lebih baik, sehingga siswa menjadi lebih sopan. Hal ini sesuai dengan keterangan yang diberikan oleh siswa, dimana mereka selalu berdo’a sebelum memulai pembelajaran, selalu mengerjakan tugas dengan baik, melaksanakan piket, membuang sampah pada tempatnya, bersikap baik kepada teman sebaya, menghormati Guru baik di sekolah maupun di luar sekolah dengan selalu mengucapkan salam dan mencium tangan, serta guru selalu memberikan contoh prilaku yang baik dan tidak memberikan contoh perilaku yang buruk.
Neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiotherapy: historical and practical aspects
Authors: Mozerova E.Y.
Published: January 2024

Combination of surgery and radiotherapy is the optimal tactic for many patients with malignant neoplasms, both localized and locally advanced, allowing to achieve the highest rates of local control and survival. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiation therapy can only be ensured with a clear understanding of the place and significance of each treatment option, based on the principles of evidence-based medicine. This review will present the historical and most current aspects of radiation therapy as part of combined treatment, and evaluate the advantages of preoperative or postoperative irradiation for tumors of various locations.
Effectiveness of the alternative drugs and other factors in adjuvant treatment for the malignant tumors
Authors: Chubenko V.A.
Published: January 2024

To date, the adjuvant therapy of the malignant tumors does not allow to cure the entire patients. One of the reasons is the great pathogenetic aspects of the cancer which are not taken into account during implement of this strategy. In this regard, it seems relevant to explore new directions that include the use of alternative drugs or methods with the antitumor effects. This review demonstrates the possible mechanisms of the alternative drugs and some results of the clinical trials in terms of their effect on the recurrence-free survival of the patients.
Analysis of the work of the central chemotherapy drugs breeding department in the State Medical Institution «St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological) named after N.P. Napalkov» 2014–2022
Authors: Moiseenko V.M. , Zhabina A.S. , Moiseenko F.V. , Volkov N.M. , Yegorenkov V.V. , Ranzhina R.A. , Abduloeva N.K.
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study. Analysis of the efficiency of the central chemotherapy drugs breeding department in the medical institution of oncological profile using the example of «St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological) named after N.P. Napalkov». Materials and Methods. The study assesses the performance of the central chemotherapy drugs breeding department by assessing the database established in the department, using the example of «St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological) named after N.P. Napalkov». Results and discussion. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the centralization of the of chemotherapy drugs breeding allows to increase the safety of staff and patients, reduce the burden on nurses of departments, provide additional control of drugs dilution (sterility and quality of the finished solution, accuracy of dosing) and to save 10% of the cost of purchasing medicines (during the analyzed period it was 808 million rubles), relatively to decentralized dilution, while maintaining the amount of medical care and even increasing the possible amount of high-priced medical care. The need to create a regulatory framework and also the need to assess the quality of prepared solutions was identified. Conclusion. The establishment of a central chemotherapy drugs breeding department is an example of the rational use of medicines. Experience of work of the GBUZ «St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological) named after N.P. Napalkov» should be analyzed and implemented in other medical institutions to optimize the work with cytostatic drugs
Social Work in the Changing Welfare State
Authors: Knecht Alban
Published: January 2024

How can employment policies support young people entering the labour market? Alban Knecht analyses the changes in political discourses and social-political measures with regards to employment promotion for disadvantaged young people in Austria. Against the background of his resource theory, he discusses measures such as inter-company apprenticeships, youth guarantee, and compulsory training and illustrates the impact that the social investment paradigm as well as the capability-orientated, neoliberal, and right-wing populist approaches may have on the practical work of professionals and on the young people concerned.
Enhancing Cocoa Crop Resilience in Ghana: The Application of Convolutional Neural Networks for Early Detection of Disease and Pest Infestations
Authors: Miracle Atianashie
Published: January 2024

This study explores the revolutionary integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), in combating cocoa disease and pest infestations in Ghana. As a significant stride towards sustainable agriculture and food security, the research explores AI's transformative impact on cocoa farming, a critical sector in Ghana's economy and the global chocolate supply. The use of CNNs has emerged as a potent tool for accurate disease and pest detection, offering a new era of efficiency and precision in agricultural practices. The research was strategically focused on the practical applications of AI and CNNs in identifying and managing cocoa plant diseases and pests in Ghana, avoiding overly technical dissections of AI mechanisms. It aimed to illuminate the tangible, on-the-ground impacts of this technology and the transformative advancements it brings to the agricultural sector, particularly in cocoa farming. The effort involved gathering up-to-date information on AI nuances, CNN specifics and applications, and the dynamics of cocoa disease and pest detection. The study's results highlight the profound potential of AI to augment productivity in the Ghanaian cocoa industry. CNNs have proven to be a powerful tool in analyzing and interpreting agricultural data, providing unprecedented insights into crop health and development. Furthermore, the capability of AI to enhance disease and pest detection has been recognized as critical in maintaining crop health and ensuring the sustainability of cocoa farming in the face of evolving challenges. The study underscores the potential of AI in safeguarding food security and highlights its role as a powerful ally in addressing agricultural challenges through technological innovation.
Quaternion Quantum Mechanics: the Baryons, Quarks and their q-potentials
Authors: Marek Danielewski , Sapa Lucjan
Published: January 2024

The results presented here base on the Planck-Kleinert crystal concept. The rigorous use of the quaternion algebra allows postulating the scalar, vectorial and the quaternion propagators in the ideal elastic continuum. The propagators are used in constructing the proton, electron and the neutron 2nd order partial differential equation systems, PDES's. The results generate the two 2nd order PDES's for the \(u\) and \(d\) quarks from the \(up\) and \(down\) groups. It was verified that both the proton and the neutron obey experimental findings and are formed by three quarks. The proton and neutron are formed by \(d\)-\(u\)-\(u\) and \(d\)-\(d\)-\(u\) complexes, respectively. All particle PDES's comply with Cauchy equation of motion and can be considered as stable particles. The u and d quarks do not meet the relations of the Cauchy equation of motion. The inconsistencies of the quarks PDES's with the quaternion forms of the Cauchy equation of motion account for their lifetime and the observed Quarks Chains. That is, explain the Wilczek phenomenological paradox: "Quarks are Born Free, but Everywhere They are in Chains".
Artificial Intelligence and Organizational Change
Authors: Wulf Betancourt Erico Ernesto
Published: January 2024

This article explores some issues close to what may be considered the implications of AI, both preliminary at a society level but mostly its effects on organizational change. What is AI's purpose, its scope, and its lasting effects on the dynamics of organizational change, cultural values, and organization management?

The AI culture arises from making technology a joint venture with human abilities, allowing human and technology to become almost all in one: either human thinking through a machine or the human self-image in front of himself. The risk about AI does not arise by itself but from its designers and purpose, more so when it is the government that comes to be the “Big Thinker”. Businesses instead may follow a self-regulation policy following their principles and corporate values.

The article has four sections: introduction, the speed of technological transformation: a brief time span: 2022-2023, organizational culture and artificial intelligence, case studies, and concluding remarks. The preliminary conclusion is that AI has strengths and weaknesses. AI tools learn to achieve higher efficiency faster than people in charge of any specific task to be assisted by AI, leading to productivity increases and cost reductions quicker than the standard framework for management decisions. Empirical evidence suggests that the productivity gains are focused on low-skill and less experienced agents. This outcome arises from generative AI's ability to “think properly” to capture the best patterns of behavior as a benchmark from the most productive individuals. But there are relevant risks of work displacement.
Sting Pathway Activation by Orally Administered Attenuated dsRNA Vaccine Virus for Therapy of Viral Diseases
Authors: Bakacs Tibor , Fehér Liliána Z. , Puskás László G.
Published: January 2024

Even after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the world's vaccine strategy is failing because vaccines are produced only after an epidemic is under way. This article argues that vaccination alone will not be sufficient to control COVID-19 or any other future pandemic (e.g., flu). Using non-pathogenic viruses to control unrelated ongoing infections could complement vaccination efforts. The attenuated dsRNA Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), the drug candidate of the clinically validated orally administered viral superinfection therapy (SIT), is close to regulatory approval. IBDV signals the innate Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway and has been proven to be safe and effective against five different families of viruses: hepatitis A, B, and C viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and herpes zoster viruses (HZV). Here, a blueprint for a registration strategy is proposed. Attenuated IBDV is a repurposed drug candidate as it has been used safely during 60 years of IBDV mass vaccination programs in poultry. IBDV can therefore be produced faster, cheaper, with less risk, and with higher success rates than traditional drug development. With SIT, a repeat of the US$12 trillion the world just spent on COVID-19 can be avoided.
A Review of the Drawdown Zone in African Reservoirs: Current Knowledge, Understudied Areas and Recommendations for Future Research
Authors: Utete Beaven
Published: January 2024

Drawdown zones in African freshwater reservoirs are pivotal for ecological, economic, religious, cultural reasons and in carbon dioxide emission dynamics. Hence there is a need to elucidate their ecology, opportunities for their utilisation, and the various threats to their integrity. Littoral zones of freshwater reservoirs harbour diverse ecological communities and serve vital ecosystem functions which are largely regulated by water drawdowns. Severe alteration of natural and artificial drawdowns expose previously submerged areas in reservoirs. These exposed zones termed ‘drawdown zones’ although short-lived serve vital ecological functions in reservoirs. Nonetheless, studies on the ecology and ecosystem functions of drawdown zones are few and fragmented in African reservoirs. This review aimed to (i) examine and provide critical insights into recent literature on the ecology of drawdown zones in African reservoirs, (ii) assess delineation of drawdown and overlapping littoral zones, and their ecosystem functions in reservoirs, (iii) synthesise research on human utilisation of drawdown zones in African reservoirs, and (iv) evaluate current knowledge and understudied aspects of drawdown zones in African reservoirs. Scoping surveys of literature on the ecology and utility of drawdown zones in African reservoirs were used for data collection. Examined literature indicated that aquatic ecologists delineated drawdown zones as transitional zones interlinking terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, there is ambiguity regarding an acceptable definition and delineation of drawdown zones within the littoral zones of reservoirs. This leads to conflation of the ecology and ecosystem functions of drawdown and littoral zones which does little to disentangle the influence of autochthonous and allochthonous inputs on drawdown zone productivity and its contribution to overall reservoir productivity. Humans utilise the drawdown zones for socioeconomic purposes yet diminishing their ecosystem services provision and value. This review highlights that a new paradigm on redefining and delineating the shoreline zone into the terrestrial, drawdown, overlap and littoral zones is imperative for understanding shoreline ecology and the ecological and socioeconomic roles of drawdown zones, an area that is currently missing in studies of African reservoirs.
تحليل اسباب تطور الإنفاق العسكري في العراق خلال المدة (1990-2020)
Authors: عبدالله فرست محمد , محمد محمد سلمان
Published: January 2024

يشكل الإنفاق العسكري العراقي معدلات مرتفعة مقارنة إلى الناتج المحلي الإجمالي يهدف هذا البحث الى وصف وتحليل أسباب وتطور الانفاق العسكري في العراق خلال المدة الدراسة (1990- 2020). ومن اهم استنتاجات البحث: إن الإقتصاد العراقي طوق بأزمات وخيمة بسبب توجيه الموارد المالية للنفقات العسكرية وإهمال الأنشطة الاقتصادية المدنية والتنمية الاقتصادية. وشهد الانفاق العسكري إرتفاعاً مستمراً بعد عام 2003 وذلك بسبب تدهور الوضع الأمني ودخول الإرهاب إلى العراق، بينما تشير اهم التوصيات الى: ضرورة توجيه النفقات العسكرية الى الأنشطة الاقتصادية المدنية الأكثر انتاجية، وذلك من خلال إنشاء المصانع العسكرية، واستخدام   التكنولوجيا المتقدمة لربط القطاع العسكري بالقطاع المدني، والعمل على استغلال العوائد النفطية من أجل تطور وتنويع الاقتصاد، بدلاً من توجيهها نحو التسلح، والتي تؤدي إلى زيادة النفقات العسكرية.
 
 
پوخته‌
    خه‌رجی سه‌ربازی له‌ عیراق به‌راورد له‌ گه‌ل به‌رهه‌می هه‌مووكی ناوخۆیی ڕێژەیەکی زۆر به‌رز پێكده‌هێنێت. ئامانجی ئه‌م تۆێژینه‌وه‌ بریتی یه‌ له‌ ڕوونكردن‌ و شیكردنه‌وه‌ی هو‌كاره‌كانی زیاد بوونی خه‌رجی سه‌ربازی له‌ عیراق له‌ ماوه‌ی (1990 - 2020). و‌ گرنگترین ئه‌نجامه‌كانی ئه‌م تۆێژینه‌وه‌یه‌ بریتیه‌ له‌: ئابووری عیراق به‌ چه‌ندین كێشه‌ ده‌وره‌ دراوه‌ به‌ هۆی ئاراسته‌كردنی سه‌رچاوه‌ داراییه‌كان بۆ خه‌رجییه‌ سه‌ربازیه‌كان و پشتگوێ خستنی چاڵاكی ئابووری شارستانی وپه‌ره‌‌پێدانی ئابووری. پاش گۆڕینی سیسته‌می سیاسی له‌ سالی 2003 خه‌رجییه‌كانی سه‌ربازی به‌ شێوه‌یه‌كی به‌رده‌وام ئاڕاسته‌یه‌كی به‌رز به‌ خۆیانه‌وه‌‌ بینی كه‌ ئه‌مه‌ش هۆیه‌كه‌ی ده‌گه‌رێته‌وه‌ بۆ ‌ تێکچون و ئاڵۆزی باری ئه‌منی و سەرهەڵدانی تیرۆر لە عێراق. كه‌واته‌ مه‌ترسی زیادبۆنی تیرۆر له‌ ناوچه‌‌ و ناوخۆدی عیراق به‌ هوكار و پاڵنه‌ری سه‌ره‌كی داده‌نرێت بۆ زیادبوونی خه‌ڕجیه‌كانی سه‌ربازی له‌م وڵاته‌. و‌ گرنگترین پێشنیاره‌كان ئه‌مانه‌ن‌: پێویسته‌ خه‌ڕجییه‌كانی سه‌ربازی بۆ ئه‌نجامدانی چاڵاكی ئابووری شارستانی ئاڕاسته‌ بكرێن به‌ شێوه‌یه‌ك كه‌ زۆرترین به‌رهه‌می هه‌بێت. و ئه‌مه‌ش له‌ رێگای دامه‌زراندنی پیشه‌سازی سه‌ربازی، وبه‌كارهێنانی ته‌كنۆڵوجیای پێشكه‌وتوو بۆ‌ پێكه‌وه ‌به‌ستنی كه‌رتی سه‌ربازی به‌ كه‌ڕتی شارستانی، و كاركردن بۆ به‌كارهێنانی داهاته‌ نه‌وتییه‌كان بۆ باشتركردنی ئابووری وبه‌ره‌و پێشبردنی ته‌كنۆڵوجیا و فره‌‌ چه‌شنه‌كردنی ئابووری له‌ جیاتی ئاڕاسته‌كردنیان بۆ مه‌به‌ستی پڕچه‌ككردن، كه‌ ئه‌مه‌ش ده‌بیته‌ هۆی زیادبوونی خه‌ڕجییه‌كانی سه‌ربازی.
القواعد الأصولية المستنبطة من سورة البقرة من خلال كتاب (الإشارات الإلهية إلى المباحث الأصولية) للشيخ نجم الدين الطوفي (ت716هـ)
Authors: رسول صباح محمود , شمس الدين بختيار نجم الدين
Published: January 2024

لاشك أن القرآن الكريم هو المصدر الأول للإسلام عقيدة وشريعة، فهو أصل الأصول ومبني القواعد، منه تستمد بقية الأصول والأدلة والقواعد الشرعية حجيتها، وبما أن القرآن يتميز بتأصيله للكليات وبيانه الإجمإلى للأحكام، فقد حوي جُل القواعد في الأمور النظرية والعملية، لذا حاول العلماء قديما وحديثا استنباط تلك القواعد والكليات من آياته المباركة، فشمروا عن ساق الجد لاستخراج تلك القواعد والكليات من القرآن الكريم، ولا شك أن معرفة القواعد التي تستند على النصوص القرآنية ظاهرها ومقاصدها من الأهمية بمكان، ولِعمائنا الكرام جهود واجتهادات في بيان تلك القواعد؛ لكن أكثرهم بيَّنوها من خلال كتب التفاسير أو الأحكام، ويُعد الإمام نجم الدين الطوفي من أوائل وقلائل مَن عنونوا كتباً وخصصوا مؤلَّفا لهذا الجانب العظيم، ولأهمية كتابه (الإشارات الإلهية إلى المباحث الأصولية) ارتأينا تسليط الضوء على أهم القواعد الأصولية التي استنبطها وأشار إليها من خلال سورة البقرة بالتحديد، وهي عبارة عن خمس قواعد والتي لها أثر بالغ في طائفة عظيمة من الأحكام الشرعية، وقد قسمنا البحث على مبحثين: أولهما للتعريف بالمؤلِّف والمؤلَّف وبيان نقاط متعلقة بهما، وثانيهما لتسليط الضوء على تلك القواعد الخمس، وحاولنا قدر الإمكان الإيجاز والاختصار في مواطن البحث وقضاياه المدروسة.
 
پوختە
گومانی تێدا نییە كە قورئانی پیرۆز سەرچاوەی یەكەمی ئیسلامە لە بواری عەقیدەی وشەریعەتدا. بنەمای سەرجەم بەڵگەو یاسا شەرعیەكانەو سەرجەمیان لە قورئانەوە بەڵگەبوون وەردەگرن.  بەو پێیەش كە قورئان تایبەتمەندی كورتبڕی و رونكردنەوەی بابەتە سەرەكی و گشتیەكان لەخۆ دەگرێت و ناچێتە ناو وردەكاری وبابەتە لاوەكیان، زانایان لە ڕابردوو و ئێستا، هەوڵیان داوە ئەو یاسایاو بنەما گشتیانە لە ئایەتە پیرۆزەكانیەوە وەربگرن و بیكەنە بنەماو یاسای گشتی بۆ بابەتە لاوەكی و وردەكاریەكان. كە بێگومان ئەمەش لە هەردوو ڕوانگەی ڕواڵەتی و مەقاصدیەوە و گرنگی تایبەتی خۆی هەیە.لەڕاستیشدا زۆربەی هەوڵ و كۆششی زانایان لەم بوارەدا یا لەكتیبەكانی تەفسیردا باسكراوە یا لەو ئەو كتیبانەی كە بابەتە فقهیەكانیان لەخۆ دەگرن ڕونكراوەتەوە.
لەڕاستیدا كەمن ئەو زانایانەی كە دانراوی تایبەتیان هەبیت لە بواری هەڵێنجانو وەرگرتنی یاساو بنەما گشتیەكان لە ئایەتەكانی قورئانی پیرۆز، بۆیە (ئیمام نجم الدینی توفی) بە یەكێ لەو زانا پێشەنگ و دەگمەنانە دێتە ئەژمار كە لەم بوارەدا ئەسپی خۆیان تاوداوەو پەڕتوكی تایبەتیان هەیە لەو بوارەدا.
لەبەرگرنگی كتێبە ناوازەكەی (الإشارات الإلهية إلى المباحث الأصولية) بە باشمان زانی كە تیشێكێك بخەینە سەر گرنگترین ئەو یاسا ئوصولیانەی كە ئیمامی (توفی) لە كتێبی ناوبراودا وه بەدیاریكراوی لە سورەتی (البقرة)دا هەڵیهێنجاون و ئاماژەی پێكردوون. كە ئەوانیش (5) پێنج یاسای ئوصولی گرنگن و دەبنە بنەمای گشتی بۆ كۆمەڵێ‌ بابەتی فیقهی و كاریگەریان لەسەر حوكمە شەرعیەكان هەیە.
توێژینەوەكەشمان دابەشكردوە بەسەر دوو باسدا: باسی یەكەم: ناساندنی ئیمامی گوفی و پەڕاوەكەی (الإشارات الالهية). باسی دووەمیش تایبەتە بە ڕونكردنەوەی ئەو پێنج بنەما ئوصولیانەی كە ئیمامی گوفی لە ئایەتەكانی سورەتی بقرە وەریگرتوون. هەوڵیشمانداوە بە گوێرەی توانا سەرجەم بابەتەكان بە كورتی وبە شێوەیەكی ڕوون ئاماژە پێ بدەین.
Russia and Political Developments in Iran 1900-1908
Authors: Abubakr Dlsoz Umer , Mustafa Aram Ali
Published: January 2024

موقع ٳيران الجيوسياسي كدولة مجاورة مهمة، كان دائما محل اهتمام الروسیین. لقد رٲوا هذه المنطقة كممر استراتيجي مهم لتحقيق حلمهم الطويل الامد، وهو الوصول ٳلی المياه الدافئة. لذالك كثفوا جهودهم لفرض هيمنتهم في ٳيران. کانوا يبحثون باستمرار عن فرصة لتحقيق هذا الهدف المهم. عندما أغتیل ناصر الدين شاه في اواخر القرن التاسع عشر، وفرت فرصة جيدة لروس لتوسيع هيمنتهم في ٳيران، خاصة في ٲوائل القرن العشرين. زادت هيمنة الروس في ٳيران بشكل كامل و بسبب السيطرة علی مظفر الدين شاه وحاشیتە. و حصلوا علی العديد من الامتيازات السياسية و الاقتصادية في ٳيران.و فرضوا سلطتهم و هيمنتهم بالكامل علی جميع النقاط الحساسة في السلطة و اقتصاد ٳيران. ولذا لم يسمحوا بأي تغيرات سياسية و اقتصادية من شأنها ٲن تٶثر علی مصالحهم في ٳيران، و بسبب احتجاجات المواطنين الأيرانيین علی الاوضاع السياسية و الاقتصادية في بلادهم، مما أدی إلی قیام ثورة مشروطة. لذا تعرضت الحكم الايراني آنذاك للخطر بسبب اعتمادهم كليا علی السلطات الروسية. بذل الروس قصاری جهدهم لمعارضة الحركة السياسية و الاجتماعية الايرانية و قمعها بشدة و دمروا هذه الفرصة التاريخية لتغيرالاوضاع في ايران التي حدث بسبب ثورة مشروطة.

 

پوختە

هەڵکەوتە و پێگەی جیۆسیاسی ئێران، وەک وڵاتێکی دراوسێ و گرنگ، هەمیشە جێگەی بایەخ و گرنگیپێدانی ڕوسەکان بووە، ئەوان ئەم ناوچەیان وەک ڕێڕەوێکی ستراتیژیی گرنگ بۆ گەیشتن بە ئاواتە لەمێژینەکەیان دەبینی، کە گەیشتن بە ئاوە گەرمەکان بوو. بۆیە ڕۆژ بەرۆژ پتر هەوڵەکانیان بۆ چەسپاندنی هەژموونی خۆیان لە ئێران چڕتر دەکردەوە، بەردەوام چاویان لەسەر هەڵکەوتنی هەلێک بۆ بەدیهێنانی ئەو ئامانجە گرنگەیان بوو. کوژرانی ناسرەدین شا(١٨٤٨-١٨٩٦) لە کۆتاییەکانی سەدەی نۆزدەدا، هەلێکی باشی بۆ ڕوسەکان ڕەخساند بۆ فراوانتر کردنی هەژموون و دەسەڵاتیان لە ئێران، بە تایبەتی لە سەرەتاکانی سەدەی بیست، بە تەواوی هەژموونی ڕوسەکان لە ئێران زیادی کرد و بەهۆی نزیکیی و کۆنترۆڵکردنی موزەفەرەدین شا(١٨٩٦-١٩٠٧) و دەستوپەیوەندەکەی، چەندین جیاوگی سیاسی و ئابووری گرنگیان لە ئێران بەدەستهێنا و بەتەواوی دەسەڵات و هەژموونی خۆیان بەسەر هەموو جومگە هەستیارەکانی دەسەڵات و ئابووری ئێران سەپاند، لەو ڕوانگەیەوە ڕێگەیان بە هیچ جۆرە گۆڕانکاری و جوڵەیەکی سیاسی و ئابووری کە کاریگەری لەسەر بەرژەوەندیەکانیان لە ئێران دروست بکات نەدەدا، کاتێکیش بەهۆی ناڕەزایەتی هاووڵاتیانی ئێران لە بارودۆخی سیاسی و ئابووری وڵاتەکەیان، شۆڕشی مەشروتە دروست بوو، پایەکانی ئەو جۆرە حوکم رانیەی ئێرانی خستە مەترسیەوە، کە وابەستەی تەواوی دەسەڵاتدارانی ڕوسیا بوو. ڕوسەکان بە هەموو توانای خۆیانەوە ڕاستەوخۆ لە دژی ئەو جووڵانەوە سیاسی و کۆمەڵاتیەی ئێران وەستانەوە و زۆر بەتوندی سەرکوتیان کرد، ئەو هەلە مێژووییەی بۆ گۆڕانکاری لە ئێران لەناوبرد، کە بە هۆی شۆڕشی مەشروتەوە هاتبووە ئاراوە.
Improving Performance of Spatial Database Based on Hybrid Machine Learning and Hilbert Curve Data Structure
Authors: Najeeb Galawizh Muhammad , Ali Nzar A.
Published: January 2024

يقدم هذا العمل ويحلل نهجًا جديدًا للفهرسة متعددة الأبعاد. يعتمد على مفاهيم الفهرسة المكانية المختلطة المكتسبة باستخدام خوارزمية منحنى هيلبرت لملء الفراغ مع التعلم الآلي. استخدام خوارزمية Hilbert للحصول على فهرسة لكل كائن مكاني (نقطة ، خط ، مضلع) ، ثم تنفيذ أقرب استعلامات جار في التقنية التقليدية. الاستفادة من طريقة التعلم الآلي لتعلم مؤشرات الكائنات المكانية ، في الطريقة التي تم تعلمها ، استخدمنا أيضًا منحنى هيلبرت لفهرسة الكائنات المكانية كما في الطريقة التقليدية ، وتعلم المؤشرات ، ثم تنفيذ استعلام الجار الأقرب كما هو الحال في الطريقة التقليدية ، وحساب وقت التنفيذ أخيرًا. النتيجة المهمة التي تتجاوز خوارزمية فهرسة التعلم المختلط المقترحة (HLI) وهي تحسين الأداء على منحنى هيلبرت رائعة في الطريقة المكتسبة من خلال المقارنة بين الطرق التقليدية والمتعلمة والتي تتم عن طريق حساب وقت تنفيذ كل تقنيات معالجة الاستعلام لـ جميع أنواع الكائنات المكانية الثلاثة. لقد اختبرنا كلتا طريقتين الفهرسة لمقارنة وتقييم كلتا الطريقتين ، HLI المقترحة لدينا ، لها نتائج مهمة من حيث وقت تنفيذ الاستعلام أقل والذي يرجع إلى تحسين أداء قاعدة البيانات المكانية. تم تقييم الفهرسة المقترحة من خلال منحنى خصائص تشغيل المستقبِل (منحنى ROC) لنموذج أمثلية النظام ، وكذلك المقاييس الإحصائية MSE و R2.

 

پوختە

ئەم کارە ڕێبازێکی نوێ بۆ ئیندێکسی فرەڕەهەند دەناسێنێت و شیکاری دەکات. لەسەر بنەمای چەمکەکانی ئیندێکسکردنی فەزایی فێربووی تێکەڵە بە بەکارهێنانی ئەلگۆریتمەکانی  پڕکردنەوەی بۆشایی هیلبێرت لەگەڵ فێربوونی ئامێر. بەکارهێنانی ئەلگۆریتمەکەی هیلبێرت بۆ بەدەستهێنانی ئیندێکسکردن بۆ هەر شتێکی فەزایی (خاڵ، هێڵ، فرەگۆشە)، پاشان جێبەجێکردنی پرسیارەکانی نزیکترین دراوسێ بە تەکنیکێکی تەقلیدی. بە وەرگرتنی سوود لە شێوازی فێربوونی ئامێر بۆ فێربوونی پێوەرەکانی شتە فەزاییەکان، لە شێوازی فێربوودا ئێمە ئەلگۆریتمی هیلبێرتمان بەکارهێنا بۆ ئیندێکسکردنی شتە فەزاییەکان وەک لە شێوازی تەقلیدیدا، و فێربوونی ئەو پێوەرانە، پاشان پرسیاری نزیکترین دراوسێ وەک لە تەقلیدیدا جێبەجێ بکەین، لە کۆتاییدا کاتی جێبەجێکردن حیساب دەکەین. ئەنجامێکی گرنگ کە لە ئەلگۆریتمێکی پێشنیارکراوی ئیندێکسی فێربوونی تێکەڵاو (HLI) تێدەپەڕێت کە باشتربوونی ئەدای کارکردنە بەسەر کێوی هیلبێرتدا لە شێوازی فێربوودا گەورەیە بە بەراوردکردنی نێوان شێوازە تەقلیدی و فێربووەکان کە لەڕێگەی حیسابکردنی کاتی جێبەجێکردنی هەر تەکنیکێکی پرۆسێسی پرسیار بۆ ئەنجام دەدرێت هەر سێ جۆری شتە فەزاییەکان. ئێمە هەردوو شێوازی ئیندێکسکردنمان تاقیکردەوە بۆ بەراوردکردن و هەڵسەنگاندنی هەردوو تەکنیکەکە، HLI پێشنیارکراوی ئێمە، ئەنجامە بەرچاوەکانی هەیە لەڕووی کەمتر لە کاتی جێبەجێکردنی پرسیار کە بەهۆی بەرزکردنەوەی ئەدای بنکەدراوەی فەزایی. ئیندێکسی پێشنیارکراوی کە لە ڕێگەی کێوی تایبەتمەندی کارکردنی وەرگرەوە هەڵسەنگێندراوە (هێلی ROC-curve) بۆ مۆدێلی باشی سیستەم، هەروەها پێوەرە ئامارییەکانی MSE و R2.
Fiscal Deficits and Inflation in Ghana
Authors: Obeng Solomon Hanson , Abotsi Anselm Komla
Published: January 2024

The Ghanaian economy has been faced with persistent fiscal deficits over the years and this affects other macroeconomic variables like inflation. This study therefore empirically examines the effect of fiscal deficit on inflation in Ghana. The study deployed a quantitative research design technique, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration test, and vector error correction models using annual data spanning 1976 to 2019 with 44 observations. Findings revealed that there is a significant and negative short and long-run relationship between fiscal deficits and inflation in Ghana, with unidirectional causality running from inflation to fiscal deficit. The study recommends that the Government of Ghana should endeavour to finance fiscal deficits mostly through external sources and non-banking methods like the issuance of bonds at the foreign financial market since non-banking borrowing has low inflationary effects.
AUDIT DELAY MEMEDIASI PENGARUH AUDIT FEE, AUDIT TENURE DAN AUDIT CAPACITY STRESS TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT PADA PERUSAHAAN INFRASTRUKTUR, UTILITAS DAN TRANSPORTASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2019-2022
Authors: OKTA VIARNI WINDY , SURYADI NANDA , YUSNELLY ARIE , RAHMA SITTI
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of audit fees, audit tenure and audit capacity stress mediated by audit delay on audit quality in Infrastructure, Utilities and Transportation Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2022. This research is quantitative research. The population in this study was 113 Infrastructure, Utility and Transportation Companies in 2019-2022. The number of samples in this research was 21 samples of Infrastructure, Utilities and Transportation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2022. The data analysis method used is path analysis using SEM-SmartPLS 3.0 software as a test tool for data processing. The research results show that audit fees and audit capacity stress do not have a significant effect on audit quality, audit tenure and audit delay have a significant effect on audit quality. Audit tenure and audit capacity stress have an effect on audit delay, audit fees have no effect on audit delay, audit fees have no effect on audit quality through audit delay as a mediating variable, audit tenure and audit capacity stress have an effect on audit quality through audit delay as a mediation
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERBANKAN PEMERINTAH DAN NON PEMERINTAH PADA TAHUN 2018-2022)
Authors: HANDAYANI R. SRI , ADITYA PRATAMA YUDHA
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of profitability on company value with independent commissioners as a moderating variable in government and non-government banks in 2018-2022. The sample used was 30 financial reports from 30 different banks during the 2018-2022 period. The sampling method used in this research was purposive sampling, so the number of samples was 150. The analytical method used was panel data regression analysis, where data description and descriptive analysis testing were first carried out. The results of this research show that the independent variable, namely profitability, has an effect on company value with a significance level of 0.001. On the other hand, the independent commissioner variable can moderate the influence of profitability on company value
Evolución de los derechos de los animales: análisis del caso de Estrellita
Authors: Bravo Burbano Angela Cristina
Published: January 2024

Ecuador ha sido pionero en el reconocimiento de derechos, de sujetos diferentes de los que ampara el derecho positivo tradicional, pero no se puede obviar que existen precedentes jurisprudenciales a nivel internacional, como el caso de la orangutana Sandra en Argentina, (2015), el caso del Río Atrato en Colombia (2016), el caso del Río Ganges en India (2017), entre muchos otros, que han estado soportados en distintos argumentos, morales y jurídicos. De modo que interrogantes como: ¿Por qué los ríos deben ser considerados sujetos de derecho?, o ¿por qué los animales deben ser considerados sujetos de derecho? ya tienen argumentos solventes. Ahora la tarea es defnir qué derechos le asisten a cada uno de los seres que componen la naturaleza. La Constitución de Montecristi consagra unos derechos, y la sentencia de Estrellita reconoce expresamente otros, que corresponden a los animales silvestres, como el derecho a la integridad física, el derecho a la salud, el derecho a la alimentación, el derecho al hábitat, el derecho a expresar comportamientos naturales, etc. Sin embargo, existen derechos de miembros de la naturaleza que hoy por hoy carecen de contenido y se encuentran siendo desarrollados. Este artículo, además de plasmar una visión sobre la evolución de los derechos de los animales, pretende defnir dos derechos que fueron reconocidos por la sentencia de Estrellita de forma implícita.
Participación y defensa de los derechos de la naturaleza en el Azuay - Ecuador
Authors: Astudillo Banegas José Efraín , Cáceres Andrade José Francisco , Brito Roby Liliana Alexandra
Published: January 2024

El trabajo presenta un análisis de la participación de las comunidades de la provincia del Azuay, en la defensa de la naturaleza, concebida como la Pachamama y, cómo ella adquiere junto a las comunidades, un rol político. Se tiene como objetivo estudiar a las comunidades en la defensa de los derechos de la naturaleza otorgados por la Constitución desde una visión antropocéntrica y la garantía de los mismos, desde la cosmovisión andina. Se aplicó una metodología mixta (Cuanti-cuali), en siete comunidades de la provincia del Azuay. Se realizaron 303 encuestas semiestructuradas, en organizaciones: Comunales, Juntas de Agua y Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados (GADs). Los principales resultados se agruparon en: defensa de los derechos de la naturaleza, como sujeto político; la protección y defensa de los derechos de la naturaleza; organización comunitaria y las políticas públicas para defender la naturaleza en sus derechos. Las comunidades percibieron a la Pachamama como la madre naturaleza y, desde esta concepción, su relación con el territorio fue de cuidado mutuo, la defensa y la protección no solo atraviesa por el hecho de que la constitución le otorga derechos, sino que los habitantes se organizaron de manera inmediata ante la amenaza de extractivismo a la Pachamama, situación que implica una amenaza a la integralidad de la vida.
Desain Alat Kompaksi Untuk Produksi Glass Cosindo (Coin Sejarah Indonesia) Dengan Material Serbuk Dari Sampah Botol Kaca
Authors: Muhamad Muhamad , Yusti Reival Rey , Iswahyudi Arvian
Published: January 2024

Saat ini penggunaan material kaca sebagai botol atau kemasan minuman kian berkurang, namun sampah botol yang dahulu digunakan pada masanya masih tersisa dan dibiarkan begitu saja. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah di lingkungan masyarakat. Pengolahan yang biasa dilakukan dengan peleburan botol kaca, namun tidak semua dapat dilakukan dengan metode tersebut. dikarenakan hal tersebut, metode baru untuk pengolahan sampah botol kaca patut untuk diteliti dan diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat desain alat yang dapat digunakan untuk proses pencetakan material kaca dengan metode kompaksi. Alat kompaksi tersebut didesain untuk mencetak serbuk kaca dengan tekanan sebesar 5 Ton. Dengan dibuatnya alat ini, maka variasi pemrosesan kaca akan bertambah. Selain untuk material kaca, alat ini juga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mencetak material lain. Alat ini akan didesain menggunakan software Solidworks. Proses desain dimulai dari perhitungan secara manual untuk kekuatan konstruksi dan pemilihan material, kemudian dilakukan pembuatan 3D model dan 3D assembly. Proses diakhiri dengan melakukan simulasi pada software. Hasil dari simulasi menunjukkan kekuatan dari konstruksi alat tersebut berdasarkan perencanaan dan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan.
The Influence of Use of the Imla' Method on Student Learning Outcomes in the Subject of Reading Write Al-Qur'an at Private MTS Nahdhatul Islam Manceg
Authors: Rahman Bayu , Rudi Hasrian
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to determine student learning outcomes in Al-Qur'an reading and writing subjects. before and after using the Imla' method and whether or not there is an influence of the Imla' method on student learning outcomes in the Al-Qur'an reading and writing course in class VIII at the Nahdhatul Islam Mancang Private MTs. This research uses quantitative experimental methods, with the research design used is a quasi-experimental design. The subjects in this research were school principals, teachers in the subject of reading Al-Qur'an sincerely and all class VIII students at MTs Nahdhatul Islam Mancang. This research obtained results that show that there is an influence on the Imla' method through the results of the difference in the average value of the experimental class of 84.70 after the application of student-made image media with the average value of the control class being 68.16. Meanwhile, through hypothesis testing using the T test The obtained t value is 72.17 with a significance of 0.000 < 0.005, so it is stated that there is an influence (Ha) accepted. After the implementation of the Imla' method, student learning outcomes in Al-Qur'an reading and writing subjects increased compared to previous results, after the implementation of the Imla' method it showed that there was an increase. The population used was 60 class VIII students. The research sample was 30 students in class VIIIA (experimental class) and 30 students in class VIIIB (control class).
The Influence of the Use of the Create Case Studies Method on Student Learning Outcomes in the Subject Ski in Class VII at Private MTS Nahdhatul Islam Manceg
Authors: Sidik Sembiring Muhammad Fajar , Ginting Nurman
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to determine student learning outcomes in Islamic cultural history subjects. before and after using the create case studies method and whether or not there is an influence of the create case studies method on student learning outcomes in the Islamic cultural history course in class VII at the Nahdhatul Islam Mancang Private MTs. This research uses quantitative experimental methods, with the research design used is a quasi-experimental design. The subjects in this research were school principals, teachers in Islamic cultural history subjects and all class VII students at MTs Nahdhatul Islam Mancang. This research obtained results that show that there is an influence on the create case studies method through the results of the difference in the average value of the experimental class of 83.16 after the application of student-made image media with the average value of the control class being 70.36. Meanwhile, through hypothesis testing using the T test, the value obtained tcount is 11,127 with a significance of 0.000 < 0.005 then it is stated that there is an influence (Ha) accepted.
First Aid in Fainting People
Authors: Masriana Masriana , Juliani Afrida , Adeana Fadilla Putri , Usiono Usiono
Published: January 2024

There are still many children and even teenagers who do not have any knowledge about First Aid for Fainted People, there are still many who have problems practicing what should be done first in helping someone who is Fainting, therefore the author conducted research on First Aid for Fainted People. The aim is to provide more knowledge about First Aid for Fainted People. The methods used in this research are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this research are that the cause of fainting is a lack of blood supply, so that the intake of oxygen and blood sugar to the brain is reduced. So the first aid that must be done is to give the patient a chance to breathe, position one hand perpendicular to the chest and the other hand bent towards the face, lift one leg that is further away from your position until it forms a 90 degree angle, try to wake it up. By shaking his body, calling his name in a loud voice, slowly patting him or using ADTD (lift your chin and press your forehead.
Evolutionary outcomes arising from bistability in ecosystem dynamics
Authors: Boucenna Sirine , Dakos Vasilis , Raoul Gael
Published: January 2024

While it is known that shallow lakes ecosystems may experience abrupt shifts (ie tippingpoints) from one state to a contrasting degraded alternative state as a result of gradual envi-ronmental changes, the role of evolutionary processes and the impact of trait variation in thiscontext remain largely unexplored. It is crucial to elucidate how eco-evolutionary feedbacksaffect abrupt ecological transitions in shallow lakes. These feedbacks can significantly alterthe dynamics of aquatic plants competition, community structure, and species diversity, po-tentially affecting the existence of alternative states or either delay or expedite the thresholdsat which these ecological shifts occur. In this paper, we explore the eco-evolutionary dyna-mics of submerged and floating macrophytes in a shallow lake ecosystem under asymmetriccompetition for nutrients and light. We use adaptive dynamics and a structured populationmodel to analyze the evolution of the growth depth of the submerged and floating macro-phytes population, which influences their competitive ability for the two resources. We showhow rapid trait evolution can result in complex dynamics including evolutionary oscillations,extensive diversification and evolutionary suicide. Furthermore, we find that the co-evolutionof the two competitive species can play a stabilizing role, while not significantly affectingthe overall evolutionary dynamics. Overall, this study shows that evolution can have strongeffects in the ecological dynamics of bistable ecosystems.
Experimental protocol for validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics palaeoecological simulations
Authors: Drage Harriet , Pates Stephen , Minter Nicholas
Published: January 2024

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are increasingly used to test palaeoecological hypotheses. These analyses output simulated velocity and pressure flow profiles, and drag and lift force values acting on a model. These outputs are presumed to be internally consistent, assuming consistently applied parameters, but it is unclear whether these reflect real-world force measurements. Without having certainty in the simulated force outputs, we risk the resulting palaeoecological hypotheses lacking robustness. To test the difference between simulated and real-world force values, Experimental Fluid Dynamics (EFD) analyses using flume tanks can be performed, though these have rarely been done for palaeobiological research. We present ongoing, preliminary work to produce a broadly applicable protocol for performing EFD analyses to validate CFD results. We discuss digital model production and the considerations involved in 3D printing models to use in EFD, present the low-cost, open-source circuitry equipment used to measure forces, and display the jig built to support the circuitry above the flume tank during experiments. This protocol is undergoing refinement prior to data collection, including the method to attach the load cells to the jig and the material used for the beam connecting the model to the jig. Following refinement, this protocol will be consequently updated, and a series of validation values will be produced for major early Palaeozoic arthropod body plans under different flow regimes in varied water column positions. These values can be used to validate CFD results of varied future studies, and the protocol replicated to support others in performing EFD validation of palaeoecological hypothesis-testing experiments.
“[L]ines, evidently written by a female hand”: Mothers and Daughters in Mary Robinson’s Vancenza
Authors: Parrino Maria
Published: January 2024

A celebrated public figure who became an iconic woman, Mary Robinson was an actress and a member of a community of eighteenth-century intellectual women writers. This study discusses her first novel, Vancenza (1792), and focuses on the relationship between the young protagonist, the orphan Elvira and her dead mother. By analysing Elvira’s explorations and discoveries in the castle and eliciting the features of the Gothic in the novel, I intend to show how the discourse of authorship is framed within the daughter’s urge to find out about her origins and her mother’s revelatory written texts.
L’Inquiétante tradition de La Strega de Lasca. Variantes d’auteur ou réécriture éditoriale ?
Authors: Plaisance Michel
Published: January 2024

Dans son édition de La Strega d’Antonfrancesco Grazzini (1976), l’auteur de cet article avait été amené à juger suspectes des différences textuelles entre l’autographe Magl. VII 1385 et les éditions in-12° et in-8° publiées par les Giunti de Venise en 1582. Par la suite, M. Durante a cherché à réhabiliter ces différences en tant que corrections effectuées par Grazzini lui-même. Appuyé sur une nouvelle comparaison de ces trois sources, cet article réexamine la question du point de vue de la volonté de Grazzini, au milieu des années 1570, de voir ses oeuvres publiées. L’analyse des deux éditions montre qu’à partir d’un manuscrit dont M. Plaisance pense qu’il ne différait guère de l’autographe approuvé par l’auteur peu de temps auparavant, la comédie a été en réalité censurée à Venise, réécrite et adaptée à un public non florentin par un réviseur qui n’a aucune perception de l’espace théâtral, qui raccourcit de nombreuses répliques et est obsédé par la chasse aux répétitions, et qu’il ne faut donc pas confondre variantes éditoriales et corrections d’auteur.
Un silence assourdissant à la césure : les guerres larvées de l’e caduc entre oedipiens, misogynes et glottophobes
Authors: Moucaud David
Published: January 2024

Largement étudié sous l’angle « naturel » d’une tabula rasa générationnelle, le changement technique, voire formaliste, connu comme « l’abolition de la coupe féminine » vers 1515 est un noeud conflictuel bien plus sinueux qu’il n’y paraît de prime abord. Ce silence formel, imposé à la césure par de jeunes poètes (Marot) et de moins jeunes (Lemaire), fit grand bruit une fois brandi comme fer de lance misogyne contre une mise aux normes linguistique plus insidieusement autoritaire. Outre le faux débat de la modernité qui en rejoue un plus ancien, outre celui de la misogynie qui littéralise incongrûment une affaire des plus techniques, les derniers feux des coupes « épique » et « lyrique » semblent aussi devoir masquer la dissidence d’une spécificité phonétique régionale contre la francisation centraliste de la chose poétique, sous l’effet d’un nouvel unanimisme de cour qui, discrètement, oppose comme rarement l’ordre à une rébellion réactionnaire.