bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores biogeográficos y cambios de uso del suelo (2009-2013) en el nicho de "Trogon elegans ambiguus" y "Euptilotis neoxenus" en Chihuahua, México
Authors: Torres-Olave M.E. , Bravo-Peña L.C. , Alatorre-Cejudo L.C. , Uc-Campos M.I. , González-León M.O.
Published: September 2017

Las especies del género Trogon elegans ambiguus y Euptilotis neoxenus cuentan con escasos estudios sobre el estado actual de su nicho ecológico y los cambios de uso del suelo donde viven estas aves. En este trabajo se estimó la distribución potencial de Torgon elegans ambiguus y Euptilotis neoxenus en Chihuahua y se realizó el análisis de los cambios de uso de suelo en dos periodos del tiempo (años 2009 y 2013), cuantificándose la pérdida de coberturas. El modelaje del nicho ecológico para Chihuahua se realizó en el software MaxEnt. Ya que la información de las capas rasters y shapefiles vienen con diferente datum y tamaño de celda, las cartografías de cambios de uso de suelo y cubiertas vegetales fueron reclasificadas y homologadas para procesarse de manera correcta. Se generó una validación cruzada para comparar las matrices de correspondencia. Los resultados indican que Trogon elegans ambiguus y Euptilotis neoxenus tienen una pérdida de hábitat en los bosques de coníferas y latifoliadas que se transformaron a zonas agrícolas o pastizales-matorrales. Los modelos de nichos potenciales son herramientas útiles que permiten identificar áreas adecuadas para la existencia de las especies, con estatus en la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. En el caso del Trogon elegans ambiguus existen cambios en el uso de suelo en el área de estudio focalizándose en los municipios de Temosachi y Madera.
Prospective study of management and outcome of blunt abdominal trauma (solid organs and hollow viscus injuries)
Authors: Srivastava Sandesh Kumar , Jaiswal Anand Kumar , Kumar Dinesh
Published: September 2017

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups. Many injuries may not manifest during the initial assessment and treatment period. Injury to intra-abdominal structures can be classified into 2 primary mechanism of injury-compression forces and deceleration forces. Compression or concussive force may result from direct blows or external compression against a fixed object. Deceleration forces causes stretching and linear shearing between relatively fixed and free objects.Methods: A prospective study of 48 patients admitted with blunt abdominal injuries in the department of surgery, B.R.D. Medical College Gorakhpur during a period of 1 year.Results: Majority of patients of blunt abdominal injuries in present study were in 11-20 year of age group followed by 31-40 year of age group followed by 41-50 year of age group. Female to male ratio was 7:1. In the present study 41% of patients were subjected to non-operative management.Conclusions: Males were pre-dominantly affected. Road traffic accident was the most common cause of injury. Though conservative management is successful in carefully selected patients, operative management remains the main stay of treatment.
Prevalence of ECG abnormalities in chronic spinal cord injury patients with deranged lipid profile
Authors: Ashta Kuldeep Kumar , Kumar Ravi
Published: September 2017

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic, unfortunate event which results in profound disability and secondary complications like neurogenic shock, arrhythmias, autonomic dysfunction, pressure ulcers, etc. These patients are at increased risk for the cardiovascular risk factors (like obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes) and cardiovascular complications due to hampered mobility and impaired autonomic system. Therefore, these patients with must be screened quite frequently for cardiovascular problems.Methods: The study was an analytic cross-sectional study, to assess the prevalence of ECG abnormalities and deranged lipid profiles in the spinal cord injury patients and to access the correlation between these two in chronic Spinal Cord Injury patients. The early morning fasting blood samples were collected for the lipid profile test and thrice daily resting 12 lead ECG were done for all the patients for a month and were analyzed in context with their previous available ECGs from their respective records.Results: A total of 52 SCI patients were taken up for the study, of them 30 was paraplegic and 22 were tertraplegic. Out of 52, lipid profiles were deranged in 31 patients of which 17 had normal ECG and lipid profile was normal in 21, of which only 1 patient had an ECG abnormality. It was found that that out of 52 patients cholesterol levels were deranged in 17 patients, LDL in 6, triglycerides in 15 patients and the values of HDL were normal in all.Conclusions: The most common abnormality found in this population of SCI patients was sinus bradycardia. There was only one ECG which showed T-wave abnormalities suggesting possible myocardial ischemia.
Формирование системы подготовки квалифицированного персонала сферы фитнес-индустрии на основе профессионального стандарта
Authors: Шестакова Елена Валерьевна
Published: September 2017

Возрастающий спрос на квалифицированные кадры в области физической культуры и спорта, изменения правового регулирования трудовых отношений вызывают необходимость формирования и развития эффективной системы подготовки персонала, отвечающей современным требованиям физкультурно-оздоровительных объектов. Актуальными являются также вопросы применения профессиональных стандартов в спортивно-ориентированных организациях, влияющих на особенности регулирования трудовых отношений с работниками спорт- и фитнес-индустрии, формирование требований к квалификации работников, разработку перечня профессиональных компетенций, создание индивидуальных планов развития персонала.
В статье рассмотрены вопросы подготовки персонала с учетом особенностей деятельности объектов фитнес-индустрии и потребностей региона. Выделены причины, обуславливающие потребность в подготовке квалифицированного персонала. Исследованы особенности и порядок применения профессиональных стандартов.
Представлен анализ развития сферы фитнес-индустрии г. Оренбурга. Проведена оценка уровня развития профессиональных компетенций специалистов фитнес-индустрии по группам профессиональных компетенций.
Рассмотрены направления финтес-образования. Обосновано содержание этапов внедрения системы формирования квалифицированного персонала объектов фитнес-индустрии на основе профессионального стандарта.
Divorce among Transnational Finnish Somalis: Gender, Religion, and Agency
Authors: Al-Sharmani Mulki
Published: September 2017

This article focuses on divorce among Somali Muslim migrants in Helsinki, drawing on a four- year qualitative study. I examine how divorce experiences are shaped by the transnational social fields inhabited by my interlocutors through family ties and relationships navigated across multiple national contexts. I show that the break-up of marriage is enabled by gendered shifts in my interlocutors’ access to resources and scope for agency within the context of transnationally-shaped marriages, accompanied by incongruence between spouses’ marriage goals and values. I trace these shifts and their underlying discourses. I argue that gender as a marker of difference and power is experienced in fluid and mixed ways as husbands and wives have differentiated claims to resources such as education, income, legal rights, and welfare provisions. These gendered experiences are also shaped by my interlocutors’ positioning within a new religious discourse that revisits Muslim spousal roles and rights, particularly men’s privileges and practices.
Who’s Afraid of Islamic Family Law? Dealing with Shari‘a-based Family Law Systems in the Netherlands
Authors: Sportel Iris
Published: September 2017

In the Netherlands, where views of Muslims and Islamic family law are highly politicised, the application of Islamic family laws by Dutch courts is a topic of heated political debate. Especially polygamy and unilateral divorce by men (talaq) are thought to have a strongly negative impact on the position of Muslim women in the family. In order to assess the gendered impact of Islamic family laws in a European context, this article takes a closer look at Dutch state courts’ decisions. It asks how the application of Islamic family laws can be understood against the background of Dutch political discourses on Islam, family law and women’s rights. While in public and political debates, Islamic family laws are frequently thought to be women-unfriendly, this article shows that the encounter between Islamic family laws and Dutch law often has severe impact on the position of Muslim men living in the Netherlands.
Effects of former acquaintance on aggression, lesion and growth performance in weaned piglets after mixing
Authors: Mei Hongyuan , Gan Ling
Published: September 2017

Excessive aggression between weaned piglets after mixing is a welfare and production issue resulting in stress, injuries and economic losses. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of former acquaintance (FA) on aggression, lesion and growth performance in weaned, mixed piglets. The results showed that the FA group significantly reduced the number of fights, time spent fighting, number of bullying events, lesions, the average injury scores of the front site and middle site of weaned piglets after mixing. A significant interaction was found between the effects of sex and treatment on the number of fights won and bullying events, between the effects of days post-weaning and treatment on the lesion scores as well as between the effect of the lesion sites and treatments on the lesion score for all three days after mixing. The results suggested a potential welfare advantage to allow litters to have some acquaintance before weaning.
Phylogenetic analysis based studies on genetic variation of Cytochrome b gene of Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in Pakistan
Authors: Naseer Junaid , Anjum Khalid Mahmood , Khan Waseem Ahmad , Imran Muhammad , Ishaque Muhammad , Hafeez Shahid , Munir Muhammad Asif , Nazir Muhammad Awais
Published: September 2017

This study was designed to analyze genetic variation between Indian peafowl available at different locations by targeting the Cytochrome b gene. A total of ten birds (n=10) were selected randomly for sample collection. Five birds were selected from Government sector and five from private breeding farms. DNA was extracted, purified and measured by using Nano drop. Extracted DNA was amplified using universal primers targeting Cytochrome b gene on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR product was run on a gel for the desired DNA bands. DNA from gel was eluted and sent for sequencing. The sequences were compared with a reference reported sequence of cyt b gene of Indian peafowl with Accession No. L08379.1to find out the genetic diversity. Indian peafowl of government sector showed more similarity ³95% rather than bird of private sector with ³90% homology with reference Accession No. More genetic variation, which is the guarantee of resistance to disease and environmental fitness among the Indian peafowl at private sector, might be due to random reproductive behavior.
Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis
Authors: Thakre B. J. , Solanki J. B. , Kumar N. , Vargese A.
Published: September 2017

Out of 428 faecal 178 (41.59%) animals were found positive for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in the bovine faeces in modified Ziehl-Neelsen (mZN) staining and/ or commercial plate and dipstick- enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Cypress diagnostics, Langdorp, Belgium) with statistically non-significant difference in the occurrence rate in cattle and buffalo calves. Seasonal prevalence difference was statistically significant in cattle calves while non-significant in buffalo calves, respectively. The highest overall prevalence was recorded during rainy season (45.15%) and almost same per cent during winter and summer. Prevalence of 67.26, 37.11, 30 and 17.65% was recorded in calves aged below 1 month, 1-3 months, 4-8 months and 9-12 months, respectively (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in the age group prevalence between cattle and buffalo calves. Both sexes of bovines are equally susceptible to the cryptosporidiosis (p>0.05). The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 59.54 and 29.41% for diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic samples, respectively (p>0.05). Both diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic groups of calves aged between 1-30 days were equally susceptible to the infection of Cryptosporidium spp. Almost same per cent prevalence of the infection was observed in dairy calves reared in organized (40.76%) and unorganized farms (42.21%) and the difference was non-significant in both cattle and buffalo calves. Highest prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was found in HF cross calves. The tests failed to detect the oocysts in infected soil samples. There was highly significant difference in the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis estimated by plate/ dipstick-ELISA and mZN staining with highest sensitivity and specificity in plate-ELISA.
Identification of point mutation in TLR2 gene and its association with mastitis in water buffalo
Authors: Thakur Sunita , Singh Mahendra , Aseri Gajendra Kumar , Verma Archana , Vineeth M. R. , Rayees Mohammad , Arya Ashwani
Published: September 2017

Mastitis is an economically important disease causing great loss to dairy sector owing to its negative effect on production. Its multi factorial etiology makes it difficult to use prophylactic methods for control. Identification of genetic resistance mechanisms and selection for it is a potential strategy for mastitis control. The present study was done in 101 Murrah buffaloes to find the common causative agents of mastitis in buffaloes, to identify variants in exon 2 and 3' UTR of TLR 2 gene and to study their association with intramammary infection. The microbiological examination revealed Staphylococcus aureus to be most common causative organism followed by Streptococcus agalactiae. PCR-RFLP using Sau3AI and HpyCH4V for exon 2 and 3' UTR respectively resulted in polymorphic pattern for exon2, while 3' UTR resulted in monomorphic pattern. PCR RFLP Sau3AI genotypes of TLR2 exon 2 were found to be highly associated with mastitis resistance. AA genotype was found to be least susceptible, while AB genotype was found most frequent among affected buffaloes.
Constraints faced by animal husbandry officials in the implementation of integrated murrah development scheme (IMDS) in Haryana Sta
Authors: Jadoun Y. S. , Jha Y. S. , Bhaduria Pragya , Gupta Rohit , Singh Ruchi
Published: September 2017

A study has been conducted in Haryana to analyze the various constraints faced by animal husbandry officials in implementation of “Integrated Murrah Development Scheme” (IMDS). Data were collected from 40 animal husbandry officials from four districts namely Kurukshetra, Mahendragarh, Bhiwani and Jhajjar. Garett’s ranking technique was used to prioritize the different sets of constraints. “Heavy work-load due to multidimensional activities of the project during peak season” and “Inadequacy of staff in the scheme” were the major administrative constraints in order of severity. Under technical constraints “lack of mass media approach” followed by “No provision for the refresher courses for the programme functionaries” were the most severe. “Inadequate number of staff at field level and large area of operation under a single supervisor” followed by “lack of involvement of NGO and PRIs in enhancing community participation” were important infrastructural and operational constraints. Untimely release of fund by the parent department and misguidance of farmers by the middlemen/ Brokers were the economic and socio-psychological constraints, respectively. Lack of technical expertise in the field of extension, lack of emphasis on educating the dairy farmers were other important miscellaneous constraints faced by animal husbandry officials. Removal of these constraints should receive priority over the considerable focus on the implementation of such scheme.
Assessment of antioxidants for preservation of crossbred bull semen in Tris based extender
Authors: Rao T.K. S. , Mohanty T. K. , Bhakat M.
Published: September 2017

Present study was aimed to improve poor quality crossbred bulls semen, as occurrence of poor quality ejaculates are one of the major problems in crossbred bulls. Antioxidants and its combination was tried to overcome such problems. Vitamin E, Vitamin C and Vitamin E+C were supplemented at dose rate of 1mg, 5 mM and 1mg + 5mM per ml respectively in split ejaculates to evaluate semen quality during preservation at refrigerated temperature and cryopreservation. The results showed that semen characteristics were better in antioxidant supplemented ejaculates. Total sperm abnormality were significantly lower (p>0.05) in antioxidant supplemented group. The seminal characteristics of crossbred bull semen showed significantly better (p>0.05) performance on preservation, when fortified with Vitamin E as compared to Vitamin C alone as well as Vitamin E and C in combination. The performance of semen additives, were supportive to semen characteristics especially for Vitamin E, moreover fortification with Vitamin E+C was slightly superior to Vitamin C. It can be concluded that fortification of Vitamin E has beneficial role in semen quality improvement followed by Vitamin E+C and Vitamin C.
Phylogenetic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus recovered from mithuns and yaks in India
Authors: Rout M. , Subramaniam S , Mohapatra J. K. , Sanyal A. , Dash B. B. , Pattnaik B.
Published: September 2017

The yak and mithun husbandry in India is confronted with several challenges including the prevalence of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The present study was initiated to investigate FMD outbreaks in semi-domesticated mithun and yak population in various parts of India. A total of 64 clinical samples (vesicle/tongue/foot epithelium/fluid) from mithun and 6 from yak were collected from suspected FMD outbreaks during 2008-2013. Supernatants of the homogenized clinical samples were tested in a serotype discriminating antigen detection ELISA and ELISA-negative samples were further subjected to multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR). A total of 45 mithun samples and only 1 yak sample were found positive for serotype O in antigen detection ELISA. A total of 12 ELISA-negative samples from mithun and 4 from yak were later on found positive for serotype O in mRT-PCR. The phylogenetic analysis based on VP1 genome indicated the involvement of both O/ME-SA/PanAsia and O/ME-SA/Ind2001 lineages of serotype O in those outbreaks. These viruses were genetically similar to those contemporary virus isolates responsible for FMD in domestic livestock indicating a situation of virus sharing among different species of domestic and semi-domestic animals. Thus, mithuns and yaks should be synchronously considered and targeted along with cattle for the effective control of the disease in the country.
Biovar distribution of Brucella strains isolated from livestock in Turkey between 2010-2015
Authors: Karagul Mustafa Sencer , Baklan Emin Ayhan , Saytekin Ahmet Murat , Altuntas Buket , Oz Gülseren Yildiz , Gurbilek Sevil Erdenlig
Published: September 2017

According to ‘the Regulation of Reporting of Notifiable Animal Diseases in Turkey’, the valid diagnosis for Brucellosis in livestock, which is in the list of notifiable animal diseases, is the isolation and identification of Brucellae as the gold standard as mentioned in ‘the Regulation of the Fight with Brucella’. In the context of ‘The Brucellosis Control and Eradication Program’ in Turkey, where mass vaccination is practised as a part of this program in livestock, serological diagnosis is not considered to be valid except for Brucella free herds. While most of the current molecular techniques can differentiate Brucella organism at the genus level, they generally cannot make differentiation at the biovar-level. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the most prevalent Brucella biovars and the biovar distribution of Brucella isolates from the abort cases of livestock between 2010 and 2015 in Turkey. In this study, 5203 Brucella field isolates sent to our laboratory from different parts of Turkey for Brucella species and biovar identification between 2010 and 2015 were biotyped through conventional biotyping procedures. According to the results showing the percentages of dominant biovars causing brucellosis in livestock, the most common biovar was B. abortus biovar-3 in cattle and B.melitensis biovar-3 in sheep and goats. Vaccine strains isolated from goats were not included in biovar distribution in this study..
Detection of infection preferences of the alfalfa seed chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi Gussakovskiy, 1933 (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) fields of Igdir, Turkey
Authors: Gözüaçýk Celalettin , Eyduran Ecevit , Çam Halit , Kara Mehmet Kazým
Published: September 2017

This study was conducted to estimate the infection of Bruchophagus roddi in 66 alfalfa fields in Igdir, Turkey during the month of August in 2014-2015, and to determine infection preferences of B. roddi for number of pods in a bunch (NPB) and number of seeds in a pod (NSP). CHAID algorithm was preferred in the prediction of the number of seeds damaged (NSD) through district, year, NPB and NSP. In Aralik district, B. roddi preferred the seeds of varieties with NSP£3.8 (0.858 NSD) at lower rate in 2015. In Karakoyunlu, Tuzluca and Central districts in 2015, varieties with NPB>11 were preferred less but varieties with 9>NPB£11 were mostly preferred. In the Aralýk and Central districts in the 2014, varieties with NPB>10 were preferred less but varieties whose NSP was greater than 7.6 were preferred at the highest proportion by B. roddi in Aralik district in the 2015.
Biochemical and physiological studies on Rhizobium inoculated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivar grown in eastern U.P.
Authors: Singh Harendra , Tripathi Mritunjay , Singh Pratibha , Singh Rajan Pratap
Published: September 2017

Health promoting biochemical parameters of fifteen distinct chickpea cultivar (Desi and Kabuli) showed wide variability in their biochemical and physiological composition, malic acid content, days to 50% flowering, primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant. Malic acid content polled mean ranged from 0.40 to 0.49 % in control, rhizobium inoculated 0.46 to 0.54% and 0.42 to 0.50% in control, rhizobium inoculated 0.49 to 0.54 % at 45 DAS and 90 DAS respectively, pooled mean primary branches per plant in different genotypes ranged from 4.45 to 5.70 in control and 4.90 to 6.45 in rhizobium inoculated chickpea genotypes, days to 50% flowering in chickpea ranged from 75.00-87.00 days in control, rhizobium inoculated 75.00-86.00 days, number of pods per plant in chickpea ranged from 21.98-62.91 in control, rhizobium inoculated 26.85-73.02. The research result about the biochemical characteristics of control and rhizobium inoculated chickpea genotypes are expected to provide guidelines for the researches confronted with the need to use such typical food seed in India as well as in the rest of the world.
Productive potential of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] genotypes in different planting geometry under protective irrigation
Authors: Channabasavanna A. S. , Rajakumar H. , Kitturmath M. S. , Talwar A. M.
Published: September 2017

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Malnoor, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur on vertisols during kharif seasons of 2010-11 and 2011-12 to study the productive potential of pigeonpea genotypes in different planting geometry under protective irrigation. The experiment consisted of three genotypes (BSMR-736, TS-3R and Laksmi) and seven planting geometry ( 90 x 20 cm, 120 x20 cm, 120 x 60 cm, 120 x 90 cm, 150 x 20 cm, 150 x 60 cm and 150 x 90 cm). The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. Results revealed that among three genotypes tested, BSMR-736 (1667 kg/ha) recorded significantly higher grain yield over Laksmi (1369 kg/ha) and TS-3R (823 kg/ha). With respect to planting geometry, 90 x 20 cm, 120x20 cm and 150x20 cm recorded the highest grain yield, net returns and B:C irrespective of the genotypes. The interaction between genotypes and planting geometry showed that the genotype BSMR-736 planted at 150X20 cm recorded the highest grain yield (2322 kg/ha), net returns (Rs. 64421/ha) and B:C (4.37).
Power asymmetry in dyad between a private and a public entity - the hold-up phenomenon
Authors: Migowski Sérgio Almeida , Libânio Cláudia de Souza
Published: September 2017

This study aimed to analyze an inter-organizational relation of a dyad of the healthcare area, one being public and the other private. In light of the Transaction Cost Theory and Inter-organizational Relations, establishing the cooperation relationship was necessary to optimize public resources, besides the specificity of the transacted asset, which was health care in emergency situations. Transparency in the negotiations to establish a formal contract, however, proved to be insufficient to solve conflicts that were not predicted, as well as the suspension of payment by the public agent due to the inability to manage the budget.
PELATIHAN KULINER SERTA CARA MEMPROMOSIKANNYA MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL UNTUK MODAL WIRAUSAHA BAGI MANTAN TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA
Authors: Prananingrum E N
Published: September 2017

Kurangnya lapangan kerja yang ada di Indonesia, ditambah dengankurangnya ketrampilan dan dana yang dimiliki membuat banyak tenaga kerja Indonesia yang menjadi TKI. Masalah ini yang kemudian menjadi tantangan bagi pemerintah kita. Adakalanya nasib para tenaga kerja Indonesia yang di luar negeri sering tidak bernasib baik. Sehingga ketika kembali ke tanah air, mereka semakin memperoleh banyak kesulitan dalam menjalani kehidupan.

Berdasarkan situasi dan kondisi tersebut, perumusan masalahnya adalah, Bagaimana memberikan pemberdayaan bagi para mantan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia?, Bagaimana memberikan pengetahuan marketing online bagi para mantan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia? Serta Bagaimana memberikan motivasi bagi para mantan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia untuk termotivasi berwirausaha di Indonesia ?

Adapun tujuan kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada mantan TKI mengenai pentingnya wirausaha, pengetahuan promosi produk melalui media online serta Untuk menberi- kan memberikan kesadaran tentang pentingnya mendesain produk yang menarik secara online.

Hasil dari kegiatan ini diharapkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang bersifat lintas bidang keilmuan sangat dibutuhkan untuk membantu meningkatkan kehidupan masyarakat, khusunya para mantan TKW untuk mengembangkan ketrampilan dirinya. Kiranya dapat dapat diberikan secara terus menerus atau berkesinambungan.

Kegiatan pelatihan diharapkan melibatkan unsur dari pemerintah pusat, propinsi dan daerah sehingga pembinaan dapat berjalan lebih lengkap serta pembinaan akan lebih terkontrol, selain itu juga melibatkan para pengusaha yang telah sukses pada bidangnya sehingga dapat memberikan memberikan contoh dan kiat kiat untuk dapat sukses

Kemudahan dalam memberikan akses untuk pinjaman modal usaha juga diharapkan dapat memberikan rangsangan untuk para mantan TKW agar bersemangan untuk berwirausaha sehingga membuat para mantan TKW semakin bersemangat berwirausaha.

Kegiatan seperti ini dapat  dilakukan dengan bekerjasama dengan Departemen Luar Negeri untuk mensosialisasikan pentingnya berwirausaha atau memiliki keinginan untuk kembali ke Indonesia. Pelatihan yang sifatnya dapat membantu mereka untuk dapat menjadikan kesempatan selama bekerja di luar negeri untuk dapat memperoleh pengalaman yang bermanfaat ketika pulang ke Indonesia.
Two organic carbon application rates to control inorganic nitrogen in minimal water exchange, biofloc, shallow water, shrimp nursery systems
Authors: Crockett Jack , Lawrence Addison
Published: September 2017

The objectives of this study were to develop and test a quantitative method for reactive carbon application to control inorganic nitrogen, and to compare the effect of carbon application using 40% and 60% microbial conversion efficiency (MCE) while leaving a residual 11.3 mg/l nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) level. The organic carbon requirement was based on the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the elemental composition of microbial cells. The source of supplemental organic carbon was shortchained fructooligosaccharide (scFOS). Correction for moisture was duplicated on the first 2 days of scFOS application, so the actual efficiency rates were 35.1% and 58.3%. The proposed carbon quantitative method was effective in predicting the amount of carbon required to control inorganic nitrogen. Both 35.1% MCE and 58.3% MCE maintained total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) at desired levels of equal to or less than 2.3 mg/l and 3.1 mg/l, respectively. The amount of carbon applied using 35.1% MCE was higher than with 58.3% MCE. e 58.3% MCE treatment resulted in slightly higher NO3-N levels than 35.1 % MCE. The most toxic species of inorganic nitrogen, TAN and NO2-N, are assimilated by heterotrophic bacteria before NO3-N, permitting decreased reactive carbon input and water quality improvement. The benefits of 58.3% MCE vs. 35.1% MCE were lower organic loading, reduced water replacement, and decreased costs. The total water replacement associated with biofloc control was 0.24% using 35.1% MCE and 0% using 58.3% MCE. After a culture period of 14 days the mean weight was 65.5 mg and 61.9 mg for 31.5% MCE and 58.1% MCE, respectively, and a survival of 79.5% for both MCE’s.
Application of Steel Lazy Wave Riser Solution in Deepwater and Comparison to Other Riser Types
Authors: Shankaran Rohit , Howells Hugh , Lopes Marcelo , Anaturk Ali
Published: September 2017

In the current low oil price market, innovative low cost solutions are necessary for development of new fields and life extension of existing fields. For deep water applications, Steel Catenary Risers (SCRs) and Steel Lazy Wave Risers (SLWRs) provide low cost alternatives to flexible risers and offer flexibility during design and life extension for Floating Production Systems (FPS) in deepwater.

The majority of deepwater fields in offshore West Africa and the North Sea have traditionally been developed using flexible risers. SLWRs, a variation of the steel catenary riser (SCR) with added buoyancy near the touchdown point at the seabed, have recently been deployed in the GoM and Brazil for deepwater applications. Due to simplicity of design, good track record and qualified suppliers, fabrication and installation methods for SCRs, SLWRs have become a logical extension of the SCR. Buoyancy installed on the SLWR helps reduce top tension and decouple vessel motions from the riser touchdown zone, which ensures that the required strength and fatigue performance can be achieved.

SLWR and SCR configurations are developed for mild environment, deepwater applications representive of offshore West Africa and in severe environment moderate water depths, representive of the North Sea. Riser configurations, hang-off loads, strength and fatigue responses are compared for the configurations. The advantages and disadvantages of SCR and SLWRs are discussed and compared to other riser types. Costs for flexibles, SCR’s and SLWR’s are also compared.
World First All Electric Subsea Well
Authors: Schwerdtfeger Thomas , Akker Jan van , Scott Bruce , Chakkungal Joseph
Published: September 2017

K5F3, the world's first fully all-electric well of the subsea industry, has been opened to production on 4 August 2016.

This paper will present the benefits of electric subsea control compared with current state-of-the-art hydraulics methods, describe R&D projects that led to this first industrial application, and outline the main project phases and milestones. Difficulties encountered will be presented, and lessons learned will be disclosed. Finally, this paper will present future plans for subsea electric control going forward.

The current state of the art for subsea well control is based on hydraulic technology. Hydraulic fluid is supplied from a host facility to the subsea wells through dedicated tubes within an umbilical and is distributed to the wells, in which the typical components are the manifold, Christmas tree valves, and downhole safety valve.

The all-electric subsea well consists of an electric subsea Christmas tree, electric downhole safety valve, and associated subsea control modules. Valve control is established via an electric cable.

The main driver for this innovation is cost reduction. Umbilicals are complex, difficult to install, and highly expensive. Replacing hydraulic fluid tubes by an electric cable within the umbilical can provide a 15% cost savings over a 30-km step-out. Implementing electric technology for Christmas tree valves and downhole safety valve control can also generate a further 10% cost reduction. All-electric subsea control is also an enabler for subsea processing innovations for more cost-effective subsea developments in a low oil price context. A global 30% to 40% reduction, outside of market effects, is the goal. This technology improves control of environmental impact by removing the risk of hydraulic fluid release, and personnel safety is improved with the removal of high pressure equipment and containment on topside facilities. Finally, electric technology demonstrates higher reliability compared to hydraulic systems and offers less complex subsea distribution and simpler hardware components.

Electric Christmas trees have been successfully operating on two wells of the K5 field offshore Netherlands since 2008, and the electric downhole safety valve has been developed. Although K5F3 is a subsea well in a shallow-water environment, all components have been qualified for 3,000 m of water. In 2015, the global control system has been fully qualified and successfully tested through factory acceptance testing (FAT), extended factory acceptance testing (e-FAT), and site integration testing (SIT).

The well was spudded early 2016, completed in June, and successfully put on stream in August.

Electric control of wells is already taken into account for conceptual development studies and will become the base case for all of one operator's deep offshore projects when K5F3 demonstrates the efficiency of the technology.
A Novel Probabilistic Rig Based Drilling Optimization Index to Improve Drilling Performance
Authors: Ambrus A. , Ashok P. , Chintapalli A. , Ramos D. , Behounek M. , Thetford T. S. , Nelson B.
Published: September 2017

Currently, real-time adjustments to drilling parameters such as weight on bit (WOB), drillstring revolutions per minute (RPM), flow rate, etc., are based primarily on experience. This is mainly due to the uncertain nature of information (both downhole and surface) available and inability of humans to aggregate multiple data streams in real-time to make optimal decisions. The objective therefore is to build a decision support tool that can overcome these limitations by automatically aggregating this data, identifying drilling inefficiency and suggesting optimal drilling parameters.

The methodology presented in this paper uses a Bayesian network to represent the drilling process and is capable of representing uncertainty in a way that is robust to bad sensor data. The model is updated in real-time and tracks variations in drilling conditions. Various dysfunctions such as bit balling, bit bounce, whirl, torsional vibrations, high mechanical specific energy (MSE), auto-driller erratic behavior, etc., are identified by tracking the movement characteristics of various sensor data in relation to model predicted values. A holistic drilling optimization index is thus derived by aggregating all this information. This index coupled with the drilling dysfunction prediction ultimately enables recommendation of drilling parameter corrections.

The drilling optimization index has been integrated into a drilling rig data aggregation system currently in operation on twenty rigs in North America. The system has access to real-time data, both at low frequency (less than 1 Hz) as well as data in the 1 to 10 Hz range, and also contextual data (such as data typically available in a tour sheet or well plan). In deploying the system, human factors aspects were given significant consideration. A typical driller is not familiar with concepts such as Bayesian networks, MSE, etc. By displaying the effectiveness of drilling as a single, dimensionless parameter, an index that varies between 0 and 1, with 0 representing inefficient drilling and 1 representing optimal drilling, the message is effectively communicated to the driller. The index is currently depicted in a very intuitive "speedometer" type of visual. Values are low and closer to 0 when dysfunctions occur, and when that happens suggestions are provided on how to mitigate the dysfunctions. These suggestions are visually presented in the form of operational cones in the WOB-RPM space. Additionally, the variation of the index with drilling depth is displayed to enable the driller to identify how formation changes impact drilling performance. This was found to be useful to drilling engineers who are generally tasked with optimizing the drilling process.
The global financial crisis and Islamic banking: the direct exposure to the crisis
Authors: Alqahtani Faisal , G. Mayes David
Published: September 2017

This paper theoretically discusses and reviews the main causes of the crisis, including discrimination, moral failure, poor governance, easy credit, imprudent lending, excessive debt and leverage, and regulation and supervision failure. The implications of the crisis have been reviewed, followed by a critical discussion on the lack of direct exposure to the crisis for Islamic banking, because most, if not all, of the practices and financial instruments that are believed to be responsible for the crisis are not permitted under Islamic banking principles.
O Plano de Ações Articuladas e o regime de colaboração: promessas não cumpridas de fortalecimento das relações de colaboração entre os municípios e a União
Authors: Silva Luís Gustavo Alexandre da
Published: September 2017

O artigo analisa as limitações do Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR) no cumprimento do propósito de fortalecer as relações de colaboração entre os municípios e a união. A pesquisa utiliza como metodologia a aplicação de questionários e a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados mostram os limites dessa proposição em razão do grau de precariedade dos sistemas municipais de educação e da perspectiva de planejamento submetida aos princípios da descentralização e dos parâmetros da nova gestão pública.
O acesso à educação superior na Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados: trajetória de estudantes ingressantes entre 2006-2009
Authors: Santos Junior José Da Silva , Real Giselle Cristina Martins
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do artigo é analisar os índices de evasão, de permanência prolongada e de conclusão de curso de graduação na Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, procurando-se relacionar os dados quantitativos aos fenômenos da trajetória acadêmica em períodos de expansão da Educação Superior. A metodologia utilizada é de acompanhamento de coorte, interpretando-se os dados por meio de estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostraram aumento real, entre 2006 e 2009, na retenção de estudantes ingressantes na instituição, bem como uma diminuição dos percentuais de concluintes ao longo dos anos.
Relações entre Estado e empresários no PDE/PAR: algumas contradições na política educacional brasileira
Authors: Rossi Alexandre José , Bernardi Liane Maria , Uczak Lucia Hugo
Published: September 2017

Este artigo apresenta discussões sobre como o setor privado mercantil influencia as políticas educacionais brasileiras. O artigo expõe relações entre o Movimento Todos pela Educação e as políticas educacionais públicas, revelando suas similitudes. Evidenciamos como a classe empresarial influencia o setor público na criação de políticas e, ao mesmo tempo é cliente do Estado, ofertando tecnologias educacionais; articula se em torno de consensos de propostas educacionais junto ao governo federal, naturalizando a incorporação da associação entre o público e o privado.
TAZKIYATUN NAFS IN CLASSICAL AND MODERN ISLAMIC TRADITION Qur’anic Worldvie
Authors: Dwijayanti Belinda
Published: September 2017

This study aims to discover the interpretation of tazkkiyatun nafs according to classical islamic scholar; al-Alusi and modern one; Hamka. Whereas the method is library based-research and the collected data is gained by employing two keywords; al-nafs and tazkiyatun nafs. This research is also called as comparative study between classical islamic scholar; al-Alusi and modern one; Hamka, because of the analysis which uses comparative method to draw an inference between Hamka’s thought in al-Azar and al-Alusi’s in Ruh al Ma’ani. The acquired result is that soul purification according to classical islamic scholar; al-Alusi and modern one; Hamka which is purifying soul from atheist, polytheism, and wickedness act. The reward from soul purification is a calm soul and happiness in this world and hereafter.
ADAB FOR A PEACEFUL WORLD:	A Study of Jalaluddin Rumi’s Concept of Sufism
Authors: Zinira Maurisa
Published: September 2017

Rumi’s spiritual teaching is slightly different from others' in a way that his devotional concepts put greater emphasis on ethics. Rumi believes that spirituality tightly relates to ethics, without which one neither could attain nor be able to stay in spiritual perfection. To sail to God, one should implement some ethical values best covered by the frame to love and to renunciate. To love entails loving God and His creatures, while to renunciate indicates the detachment from worldly desires. Putting these two into application, one will be able to attain the union with the Sublime Being (fana’). However for Rumi, one could be said to reach spiritual perfection only after he returned from self-mortification and gained spiritual wisdom that allows him to share universal love to the rest of human lives (baqa’).
SCHOLARSHIP AND ACTIVISM TOWARD VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
Authors: Hasyim Nur
Published: September 2017

This paper discusses on the relationship between scholarship and activism and argues that one is an integral part of another. Scholarship provides an analytical framework and guidance for activism in understanding the social injustice and oppression. It also help activism to develop strategies to address the problem. At the same time, activism provides a valid evidence and data from which theories are generated. Based on the author study on the movement to end violence against women, this paper indicates two types of relationship between scholarship and activism; first, direct connection in which the paper presents some examples of activismagainst violence against women in the world that are carried out by scholars. Second, indirect connection where the paper presents some scholarly works that are influential for anti-violence against women activism.
Assessment of the spatial–temporal variations on the water quality of stagnant Haihe River, Tianjin, North China
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Xiao Ling , Ji Min , Wang Can
Published: September 2017

Spatial–temporal variations in 13 selected water quality parameters from four stations located in the stagnant Haihe River from 2012 to 2014 were analysed. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were applied. The main latent anthropogenic factors affecting the water quality of Sanchakou, Sixin Bridge, Liulin, and Erdao Gate were combined sewer overflow, organic matter, domestic sewage, and agricultural diffuse source, respectively. External inputs mainly affected quality water in the summer–autumn season. By contrast, intrinsic biochemical processes were highly correlated with water quality in the winter–spring season. Ranges of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of four sampling sites measured 1.2 mg/L to 11.4 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L to 2.06 mg/L, respectively. TN/TP (mass ratio) was mainly between 9 and 23, indicating severely eutrophicated mainstream of the Haihe River and sufficient amounts of nutrients for phytoplankton growth and reproduction. Hence, dual nutrients control strategies should be implemented in this stagnant urban river.
Scaling of nanofiltration membranes used for chromium(III) ions recovery from salt solutions
Authors: Kowalik-Klimczak A. , Gierycz P.
Published: September 2017

The effect of membranes' structure on the efficiency of chromium(III) ions recovery from salt solution at low pH and the efficiency of chemical cleaning of these membranes were analyzed in this work. The nanofiltration membranes (DL and HL) used in this study were provided by GE Osmonics. The DL membrane had an irregular, dense support layer structure, while the HL membrane had a loose one. In the case of the DL membrane, it was found that, under tested solutions, the layer of mineral scale formed on the surface gradually decreases the membrane permeability coefficient. In the case of the DL membrane, the scaling was observed only on the surface. On the other hand, a small roughness (118Å) and low density charge (zeta potential at level −4) of the HL membrane causes an uneven growth in deposits and, consequently, irregular nature of the surface structure which hinders the removal of accumulated sediment from the tested membranes' surface. Additionally, the loose structure of the support layer of HL membrane contributes to its internal scaling. Consequently, the permanently loose structure of the HL membrane permeability coefficient was observed.
Association Between Psychosis Phenotype and APOE Genotype on the Clinical Profiles of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Qian Winnie , Fischer Corinne E. , Schweizer Tom A. , Munoz David G.
Published: September 2017

Background:

Psychosis is a common phenomenon in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The APOE
ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for the development of AD, but its association with psychosis
remains unclear.

Objective:

We investigated the associations between psychosis, subdivided into delusions and hallucinations,
as well as APOE ε4 allele on cognitive and functional outcomes. Secondarily, we investigated the
associations between APOE ε4, Lewy bodies, and psychosis.

Methods:

Data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) were used. Nine hundred
patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AD based on the NIA-AA Reagan were included in the analysis.
Global cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and functional status was
assessed using the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). Psychosis status was determined using
the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Factorial design was used to assess the effects of
psychosis and APOE ε4, as well as their interaction.

Results:

Psychosis and the presence of APOE ε4 were both associated with lower MMSE scores, while
only psychosis was associated with higher FAQ scores. Furthermore, patients with hallucinations had
lower MMSE and higher FAQ scores than patients with only delusions. There was a significant interaction
effect between psychosis and APOE ε4 on MMSE scores, with APOE ε4 negatively affecting patients
with hallucinations-only psychosis. APOE ε4 was positively associated with the presence of Lewy
body pathology, and both were found to be more prevalent in psychotic patients, with a stronger association
with hallucinations.

Conclusion:

Psychosis in AD was associated with greater cognitive and functional impairments. Patients
with hallucinations-with or without delusions-conferred even greater deficits compared to patients
with only delusions. The APOE ε4 allele was associated with worse cognition, especially for patients
with hallucination-only psychosis. APOE ε4 may mediate cognitive impairment in the hallucinations
phenotype through the development of Lewy bodies. Our findings support that subtypes of psychosis
should be evaluated separately.