bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resolução de conflitos judiciais humanizada: a espiritualidade como diferencial
Authors: Teixeira Kildare Oliveira , Klemz Charles , Teixeira Katiúscia Oliveira
Published: October 2024

É fato que há um abarrotamento de processos no Poder Judiciário brasileiro, um problema que não é um fenômeno novo, além da morosidade na resolução dos mesmos. Verifica-se, inclusive, qua tais situações vêm se agravando com o passar dos anos, o que demonstra a urgência em encontrar soluções para esse problema. Diante disso, o artigo explora a espiritualidade como ferramenta na resolução de conflitos judiciais, destacando sua relevância em processos de mediação e conciliação. Nos primórdios das civilizações, os conflitos eram resolvidos pela força física. Com o surgimento do Estado absolutista, o poder passou a ser definido pela linhagem dos monarcas. Posteriormente, na Idade Média, a autoridade religiosa determinava quem tinha razão em disputas, em um processo conhecido como inquisitório. Nesse sentido, o desenvolvimento do processo judicial, observado no Estado Democrático de Direito, fundamentado nos princípios do devido processo legal e do contraditório, representou uma importante conquista para a humanidade na resolução de conflitos. Conclui-se que a espiritualidade, ao promover autoconhecimento, equilíbrio emocional e calma, facilita o diálogo e decisões mais conscientes entre as partes.
Avaliação de diferentes substratos e tratamentos de sementes no desempenho germinativo de Coriandrum sativum L.
Authors: Schaun Nataniele Barros , Cavalheiro Henrique de Matos Ferreira , Almeida Andréia da Silva , Tunes Lilian Vanussa Madruga de , Iglecias Tuani Oliveira , Lopes Guilherme Canuto , Monte Marcos de Oliveira , Silva Patrick da Silva
Published: October 2024

O coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.) vem ganhando destaque na produção agrícola no Brasil, principalmente por ser uma planta versátil, usada tanto na culinária quanto na medicina, oferecendo benefícios nutricionais e propriedades medicinais, além de ser uma fonte de renda importante para agricultores e indústrias. A qualidade de sementes é fundamental para um bom desenvolvimento da cultura, influenciando diretamente no seu crescimento e produtividade. Para preservar essa qualidade, o tratamento de sementes tem se mostrado uma estratégia importante, tanto para garantir sua proteção durante o cultivo quanto para prolongar sua viabilidade durante o armazenamento. O teste de germinação é essencial para avaliar a capacidade das sementes de se desenvolverem de forma saudável, garantindo um bom estabelecimento da cultura no campo. Desta forma, a escolha do substrato mais adequado é relevante, pois ele oferece as condições ideais de umidade, aeração e nutrientes, e isso, influencia diretamente no resultado da germinação. Diante disso, este trabalho buscou avaliar as melhores condições para o teste de germinação de sementes de coentro, explorando o uso combinado de diferentes tipos de substratos e tratamentos de sementes. Foram testados quatro tipo de substratos: papel germitest®, papel germitest® com vermiculita, papel germitest® com Belifort S-10B, e papel germitest® com casca de arroz. Aproximadamente 20g de cada material foram uniformemente distribuídos sobre o papel germitest® previamente umedecido. O estudo destaca que o uso de inseticida, combinado com o substrato papel germitest® + vermiculita foi o mais eficaz na germinação das sementes de coentro.
Avances en la caracterización del pensamiento matemático de los docentes de primaria cuando crean problemas de álgebra temprana
Authors: Trujillo Jairo Alfonso Hermosa , Lamoneda Rafael Sánchez
Published: October 2024

El propósito de esta investigación fue profundizar en la caracterización del pensamiento matemático de los docentes de primaria mediante la creación de problemas de álgebra temprana. Para lograrlo, se empleó la metodología investigación acción  en donde siguiendo un ciclo continuo de planificación, acción, observación y reflexión, se diseñaron e implementaron  talleres de formación que incluyeron diversas actividades: el Taller I de contextualización y el Taller II de creación de problemas que involucraban la identificación de patrones, Además, se realizó una entrevista final a los docentes participantes para conocer sus percepciones sobre el proceso desarrollado en la investigación y las contribuciones a su labor docente. La implementación de estos talleres y los resultados obtenidos en la creación y resolución de problemas permitieron evidenciar las estrategias utilizadas por los docentes en el desarrollo de estos procesos. Como resultado, se lograron avances significativos en la identificación de los aspectos que caracterizan el pensamiento matemático de los docentes al crear problemas algebraicos, así como en las contribuciones para su práctica pedagógica.
Corporate social responsibility: corporate records related to the effects of climate change
Authors: Mangoni Simone Soares , Massuga Flavia , Novak Maricléia Aparecida Leite , Kuasoski Marli , Gonzaga Carlos Alberto Marçal
Published: October 2024

The challenges imposed on organizations, such as accountability for environmental impacts and pressure from stakeholders, raise several questions and create expectations about the social performance of companies. To respond to this demand, some corporations disclose their activities through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reports. In this context, this article aims to examine how CSR information related to climate change is communicated. To this end, a systematic review was conducted using the Methodi Ordinatio, using Mendeley and JabRef software for reference management. The findings suggest that some organizations disclose their socially responsible practices to improve their reputation before society. However, the literature also shows that another portion of companies report their activities voluntarily and genuinely. Specifically, companies with greater visibility and better informed stakeholders are more pressured to adopt responsible behaviors. A gap was also observed regarding the implementation of concrete actions to effectively address the climate crisis, which highlights the need for more proactive strategies and the development of more standardized reporting standards. This review contributes to the literature on CSR reporting in the context of climate change and encourages the exploration of new directions in the research field.
Educação politécnica: concepções de ensino politécnico sob a ótica de grandes estudiosos do tema
Authors: Melo Junior Byron Loureiro Lanverly de , Moraes Eduardo Cardoso de
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem por finalidade resumir através de revisão as diferentes publicações acerca de discussões, análises e reflexões que mapeiam a marcha do Ensino Médio Integrado EMI para a politecnia. Ao longo deste documento, apresentam-se as concepções de ensino politécnico de grandes estudiosos do tema, desde Ciavatta a Moura e Saviani. Onde, em algumas discussões apresentadas nos documentos analisados, pode-se constatar o forte embasamento teórico para a implantação do Ensino Politécnico e sua relação com a prática. Dessa forma, deixa-se evidente que politecnia não é mera preparação de mão de obra de baixo custo, mas, o domínio das diferentes técnicas e saberes essenciais à vida cultural, econômica, histórica, política e social, não necessariamente nesta ordem, possibilitando o desenvolvimento pleno do aluno. Como procedimento metodológico, realizou-se a revisão bibliográfica e a análise documental, pois conforme Pimentel, sendo estudos baseados em documentos como material primordial, sejam revisões bibliográficas, sejam pesquisas historiográficas com ênfase no ensino.
Uso do chatbot para esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em jovens: revisão de escopo
Authors: Oliveira Samira Gomes de , Torres Raimundo Augusto Martins , Maia Samuel Ramalho Torres , Tavares Natália Bastos Ferreira , Silva Hitálo Santos da
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Descrever o uso chatbot como ferramenta essencial para esclarecer dúvidas sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST). Metodologia: Revisão de escopo baseada na metodologia JBI, realizada nas seguintes bases de dados e diretórios: Medline, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Science, Scielo, Capes periódico. Foram incluídos na revisão estudos que apresentassem dados primários, sem delimitação de ano de publicação, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol e que tiveram como objeto o uso do chatbot para prevenção de IST entre jovens. Resultados: O chatbot foi considerado uma ferramenta positiva para beneficiar e criar estratégias que promovam um maior alcance às ações prevenção de IST e promoção de saúde, especialmente junto ao público que tem vergonha de procurar os serviços de saúde. Conclusão: As pesquisas reconhecem o chatbot como uma ferramenta positiva para beneficiar e criar estratégias que promovam um maior alcance às ações prevenção de IST e promoção de saúde, especialmente junto ao público que tem vergonha de procurar os serviços de saúde. Há a necessidade de realização de futuros estudos para avaliar e melhorar eficácia das ações de esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre IST a partir do uso de chatbots na população jovem.
Análise não linear e de sensibilidade de modelos constitutivos em vigas de seção composta de concreto pré-moldado e moldado in loco
Authors: Avanço Gilmara da Silva Vieira , Silva Juliana Souza
Published: October 2024

Considerando a importância da análise numérica do comportamento de vigas compostas de concreto pré-moldado (CPM) e moldado in loco (CML) em diferentes condições de dano, este estudo investigou a resposta estrutural de uma viga composta por meio da modelagem numérica no software ABAQUS, utilizando o método de elementos finitos. Foram realizadas comparações detalhadas entre modelagens linear e não linear, com e sem a consideração do efeito do dano. Além disso, foi conduzido um estudo de sensibilidade para avaliar a relevância de parâmetros específicos e propriedades mecânicas da viga. Os resultados, que foram validados com análises analíticas, destacaram a necessidade de considerar tanto o dano quanto a plasticidade para uma avaliação mais precisa e completa do desempenho da viga ao longo do tempo. A análise de parametrização revelou que fatores como ângulo de dilatação e viscosidade devem ser cuidadosamente considerados na modelagem numérica, e que a alteração das propriedades mecânicas influenciou positivamente a performance global do concreto.
Efeitos dos substratos e tratamentos de sementes em teste de germinação de Phaseolus vulgaris pinto
Authors: Oliveira José Robinson Fabres de , Tomita Flávia Miyuki , Schaun Nataniele Barros , Tunes Lilian Vanussa Madruga de , Almeida Andréia da Silva , Tremea Marta Gubert , Faccioli Gimena Arami Fernández , Arrua Bianca Mariela Vázquez
Published: October 2024

O feijão carioca (Phaseolus vulgaris pinto) é uma leguminosa essencial na alimentação e economia do Brasil. A qualidade das sementes é crucial para o desenvolvimento da cultura, afetando diretamente a produtividade das plantas. O tratamento de sementes é uma prática importante para protegê-las de pragas e doenças, além de prolongar sua viabilidade. O teste de germinação é fundamental para avaliar o potencial de desenvolvimento das sementes e garantir o estabelecimento adequado no campo. A escolha correta do substrato também é relevante, pois influencia diretamente nos resultados da germinação, fornecendo as condições ideais de umidade e aeração. Este estudo investigou a eficácia de diferentes substratos e tratamentos fitossanitários no teste de germinação de sementes de feijão carioca, utilizando quatro substratos: papel germitest®, papel germitest® com vermiculita, papel germitest® com Belifort S-10B e papel germitest® com casca de arroz. Os resultados mostraram que o uso de tratamentos fitossanitários, especialmente inseticida e a combinação fungicida + inseticida, associados aos substratos germitest® e germitest® + S10, apresentaram maior eficácia na germinação em comparação aos demais. Isso indica que o tratamento químico adequado, combinado com substratos como o de bagaço de uva, otimiza a germinação das sementes de feijão, contribuindo para o melhor desempenho da cultura.
Deterioração clínica pediátrica e o Children's Hospital Early Warning Score (CHEWS): revisão de escopo
Authors: Martins Ana Suzane Pereira , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Vidal Evaine Zayra Bispo , Gomes Leticia Calcagno , Torres Lucas Andrade , Costa Gleyson de Souza , Nascimento Francisco Junio do , Dias Thayana Keroly Caetano dos Santos
Published: October 2024

A deterioração clínica caracteriza-se como agravamento do quadro clínico devido a variações nos parâmetros fisiológicos e desenvolvimento progressivo de disfunções orgânicas, aumentando o período de internação e agravamento do prognóstico. Em pediatria, a deterioração clínica pode ser identificada de forma precoce através de escores de deterioração clínica, entre eles o Children's Hospital Early Warning Score (CHEWS). Objetivo: Conhecer a produção científica acerca do CHEWS. Metodo: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo sobre o CHEWS, sustentada pela estratégia PICo. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados eletrônicas Web of Science, Medline/PubMed e Scopus. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada utilizando o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse (PRISMA). Resultados e discussão: A falta de conscientização interdisciplinar, o impacto negativo no julgamento clínico dos enfermeiros e a falta de documentação padronizada são barreiras a serem superadas com treinamento e sensibilização adequadas. A facilidade de uso do CHEWS, sua afinidade com as práticas já estabelecidas e a capacidade de proporcionar avaliações objetivas à beira do leito são facilitadores para sua aceitação entre os profissionais de saúde. O instrumento oferece tempo de alerta precoce superior em comparação a outros escores, o que é crucial para intervenções oportunas e melhoria dos resultados dos pacientes. Conclusão: A implementação do CHEWS nos ambientes hospitalares enfrenta desafios, mas seus benefícios na detecção precoce de deterioração clínica e sua capacidade de melhorar as relações interprofissionais fazem dele uma ferramenta valiosa para o cuidado de pacientes pediátricos com doenças cardíacas e outras condições médicas.
Incremento na detecção do câncer de mama com adição da ultrassonografia mamária no rastreio da população feminina com a mama densa: revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Leandro Pontes Silva dos , Casas Carmen Nila Phang Romero , Mosegui Gabriela Bittencourt González
Published: October 2024

O câncer de mama (CM) é a neoplasia mundialmente mais incidente na população feminina e uma das principais causas de morte prematura. No Brasil, a mamografia é o método de rastreamento utilizado em mulheres de 50 a 69 anos. A ultrassonografia (USG) mamária é um exame complementar à mamografia, mais sensível na detecção de anomalias, na presença de mamas densas, não sendo uma tecnologia recomendada pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) para o rastreamento de CM. Esta revisão integrativa pretende sintetizar a literatura relacionada a complementaridade fornecida pela USG à detecção precoce do câncer de mama em mulheres com a mama densa mamograficamente negativas. Foram realizadas buscas na literatura científica nas bases de dados: BVS-BIREME, EMBASE e PUBMED, sem restrição de data e idioma. Nove estudos compuseram o artigo: sete revisões sistemáticas, uma coorte retrospectiva e um caso-controle. Os resultados apontam um incremento de detecção do CM com a complementação dada pela USG mamária a mamografia de até 4,3 casos/1000 exames com o uso do Handheld Breast Ultrassound e de até 6 casos/1000 mulheres examinadas com o Automated Breast Ultrasound. Os resultados dos estudos indicam vantagens na incorporação desta tecnologia no rastreamento.
Meditação como prática integrativa e complementar utilizada na rede de atenção à saúde: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Canto Vitor Scherer do , Quaiatto Anna Carolina Portella , Silveira Lucas Ribeiro da , Rosa Maria Caroline Bellon da , Silveira Deividi Silva da , Silva Cintia Vidal da , Fontenele Raquel Malta , Alves Camila Neumaier
Published: October 2024

A meditação, uma das 29 Práticas Integrativas e Complementares, caracterizada pelo exercício do alinhamento dos estados mentais, é uma terapêutica eficaz para fortalecer o corpo e a mente. Objetiva-se identificar na literatura os benefícios da prática da meditação entre usuários e profissionais das redes de atenção à saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa baseada em nove artigos que destacam os benefícios e os desafios da implementação da meditação no âmbito da saúde. No que tange ao usuário, a prática da meditação tem se revelado um poderoso agente de transformação na saúde da sociedade, considerando os benefícios significativos para os que a adotam, impactando profundamente a saúde mental, física e espiritual, sendo um importante adjuvante ao tratamento das doenças de quem a prática. Sobre os profissionais, a sobrecarga de trabalho, tensão, estresse e exaustão emocional fazem parte da sua rotina, e os exercícios meditativos auxiliam no bem-estar físico e mental dos colaboradores incluindo a redução do estresse, melhora na saúde mental, aumento da concentração e foco e promoção do autocuidado. Embora as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares ofereçam inúmeros benefícios, ainda são pouco conhecidas e difundidas, cabendo ao enfermeiro a capacitação e a oferta dessas práticas aos usuários e aos colaboradores, atendendo cada indivíduo em toda sua integralidade.
Pessoa idosa em cuidados paliativos oncológicos: minimizando o sofrimento por meio do cuidador familiar
Authors: Lima Karinna de Abreu , Monteiro Edlene Araújo , Siqueira Raquel dos Santos Vieira , Santos Marília Lourencio dos , Leite Renata Clecia Neves , Oliveira Annelissa Andrade Virgínio de
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Identificar os cuidados paliativos oncológicos prestados pelo cuidador informal à pessoa idosa no domicílio. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, cujos artigos foram selecionados em janeiro de 2022 e analisados por dois revisores de forma cega. Resultados: Identificou-se nas bases de dados 1.889 estudos, sendo selecionados 31 para leitura, resultando em cinco artigos relacionados com o objetivo da pesquisa. Verificou-se que o cuidador informal pode oferecer à pessoa idosa em cuidado paliativo oncológico: o acolhimento por meio do toque físico; auxílio nas atividades de vida diária; planejamento de atividades prazerosas; suporte emocional e espiritual; mediador na família; apoio na resolução de conflitos; administração de medicamentos; acompanhamento no tratamento extradomiciliar e na busca de ajuda quando necessário. Tais intervenções resultam em melhora da eficácia e satisfação com o cuidado, no manejo da dor e de outros sintomas. Conclusões: Considerando o aumento da longevidade, das neoplasias e da impossibilidade de ter um cuidador formal para muitas famílias, o cuidador informal oferece assistência que diminui o sofrimento do idosos em cuidados paliativos. O enfermeiro, como educador em saúde, pode orientar e esclarecer o cuidador quanto a doença, tratamento e terapias alternativas, a fim de instrumentalizá-lo e minimizar sua sobrecarga.
Pembelajaran Penempatan Tanda Jeda Pantun Menggunakan Pendekatan Proses melalui Bahan Ajar Inovatif
Authors: Amelia Rita , Artimis
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi: 1) prosedur penggunaan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar inovatif dalam pembelajaran penempatan tanda jeda pantun; 2) hasil belajar penggunaan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar inovatif dalam pembelajaran penempatan tanda jeda pantun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 20 Batam, Kepulauan Riau pada awal semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 7C yang mengikuti pembelajaran penempatan tanda jeda pantun yang menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar inovatif. Mereka berjumlah 32 siswa. Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 30 siswa yang dipilih secara random sederhana tanpa pengembalian. Instrumen pertama penelitian ini adalah rencana pembelajaran penempatan tanda jeda pantun menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar inovatif. Instrumen kedua adalah tes unjuk kerja penempatan tanda jeda pantun. Instrumen ketiga adalah tes unjuk kerja penempatan tanda jeda pantun. Semua instrumen disusun menggunakan prosedur objektif dan sistematis. Data prosedur pembelajaran dianalisis secara tematik, tanpa analisis statistik. Data penempatan tanda jeda pantun dianalisis menggunakan prosedur statistik deskriptif yakni mean dan persen. Hasil penelitian: 1) prosedur penggunaan pendekatan keterampilan proses dam bahan ajar inovatif dalam pembelajaran penempatan tanda jeda pantun mencakup 3 jenis kegiatan awal, 32 jenis kegiatan inti, dan 4 jenis kegiatan akhir; 2) hasil belajar penggunaan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar inovatif dalam pembelajaran penempatan tanda jeda pantun mencapai batas minimal 75,00.
Penyebab Utama Rendahnya Hasil Tes Formatif Keterampilan Menulis Paragraf Faktual
Authors: Razak Abdul
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi: 1) hasil tes formatif keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA; 2) faktor-faktor dominan yang menyebabkan tinggi-rendahnya hasil tes formatif keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA. Artikel ini menggunakan metode campuran strategi eksplanatori sequensial. Populasi data kuantitatif yakni data keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA adalah siswa kelas X SMA yang mengikuti tes keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA yang berjumlah 215. Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 140 siswa. Responden data kualitatif yakni faktor-faktor penyebab utama tinggi-rendahnya keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA berjumlah 10 orang dari kelompok siswa dan 5 orang dari kelompok guru Bahasa Indonesia. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen tes esai versi google form opsi file upload. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen pedoman wawancara. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif karena data berdistribusi tidak normal. Data kualitatif dianalisis secara tematik sehingga diperoleh faktor-faktor penyebab utama tinggi-rendahnya tingkat keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA. Hasil penelitian: 1) hasil tes formatif keterampilan menulis sparagraf faktual topik IPA bagi siswa kelas X SMA berkategori rendah; 2) faktor utama yang menyebabkan rendahnya hasil tes formatif keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA: a) buku Bahasa Indonesia untuk kelas X tidak memuat materi pembelajaran menulis paragraf faktual tetapi berisi pembelajaran menulis teks naratif; b) rendahnya sikap psikomotorik guru untuk menghadirkan bahan ajar keterampilan menulis paragraf faktual topik IPA; c) sikap bahasa siswa yang negatif.
Pedestrian behavior on Ege University campus sidewalks
Authors: Alver Yalcin , Acet Ozgen , Onelcin Pelin
Published: October 2024

The idea of sustainable campuses gives particular importance to walking as the primary travel mode. Hence, pedestrian-friendly facilities should be built to achieve this goal. This study investigates the pedestrian walking behavior on the sidewalks on the Ege University campus in Türkiye. The campus is the size of a smaller city with 55,000 students, 3,395 academic staff, and 7,098 administrative personnel. The policy of Ege University is to reduce the number of motorized vehicles on campus. The ‘park and walk’ strategy has been adopted to achieve this goal. Two parking lots have been built at the campus entrance, and those entering the campus are directed to park their vehicles in these parking lots. Therefore, walking is the primary travel mode on campus. In this study walking speed of pedestrians on sidewalks and the factors affecting the walking speed were found. Sidewalks provide safe walking areas for pedestrians; however, as the density increases, pedestrians tend to walk on the street either reserved for bicycles/e-scooters or motorized vehicles. Field observations were made at four sidewalk segments of the campus with video cameras in April 2022. Pedestrians were categorized according to gender, group size, item carrying, earphones, and cellphone usage (talking or texting). A total of 1061 pedestrians were observed. The data were used for computing the average walking speed on sidewalks on the campus. ANOVA was used to determine the factors affecting the walking speed. When all pedestrians were evaluated, the average walking speed on the campus was found to be 1.33 m/s.
Deformation analysis during tunnele in poor rock mass
Authors: Bektašević Ekrem , Gutić Kemal , Kadrić Reuf , Kadrić Sead , Sikira Denijal
Published: October 2024

The problem of large deformations is very pronounced when excavating longer tunnels in poorer rock mass, which can result in serious potential hazards to safety, costs and time of tunnel construction. Taking the Golubinja tunnel, located on the route of corridor Vc, as an engineering background, displacement monitorings were carried out on a certain section of the right tunnel tube with a length of approximately 230 m’. Displacement monitorings were carried out in relation to different distances during the excavation of the top heading-bench and the bench-primary invert in a poorer rock mass with a defined RMR of 17 to 26 points. The designed tunnelling method is based on the principles of the New Austrian Tunneling Method „NATM“. The results show that in complex geological conditions, displacements can be effectively controlled by defining the optimal distance between the excavation phases of the top heading-bench and the bench-primary invert. Through a detailed analysis of the collected data, the mathematical functions of the dependence of the displacement in relation to the distances between the excavation phases of the top heading-bench and the bench-primary invert were obtained. The functions can be used as a tool for a quick and simple analysis of displacements depending on the distance between the excavation phases of the top heading-bench, and the bench-primary invert in a poor rock environment.
Development of contact stresses on rails and the need for specially graded steel for railways
Authors: Bezgin Niyazi
Published: October 2024

Between the wheels of the train and the rails, there exist variable and triaxial stresses that include the vertical stresses, longitudinal stresses, and lateral stresses generated by the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral forces exerted by the train wheels on the rails. In addition to these stresses, there are residual in-plane and longitudinal stresses within the rails generated during their production and longitudinal stresses generated by ambient temperatures on continuously welded rails. The simultaneous presence of many types of stresses on rails with varying magnitudes that can be quite high generates unusual mechanical demands from the rails as opposed to other types of structural elements of civil engineering, which require special cross-sectional designs and metallurgical constituency. The type and magnitude of stresses along a railway route vary with the locations along the route with higher stresses along the acceleration and deceleration zones within and near the stations, horizontal curves, slopes, stiffness transition zones and turnouts. This study provides analytical insight into the magnitudes of vertical, longitudinal, and lateral forces that can occur at the wheel and rail interface and the analytical means to estimate these forces. The study later elaborates on the stresses that these forces can generate on the railhead and highlights the need for high-strength rail steel along railway routes and special rail profiles along curves.
From mixed traffic to urban transport: achieving longest service lives and lowest maintenance needs by customized rail solutions with smart microstructures
Authors: Hochfellner Rainer , Prettner Lukas
Published: October 2024

The high demands of the modern railway system require – either in urban tramway transport systems, or in mixed traffic transport – the use of track components with correspondingly high resistance against rail degradation to cope with higher loads, more passengers and shorter train intervals. Based on the knowledge about the positive effect of fully pearlitic material concepts with C > 0.9% on the performance of rails, a new class of rail steels was introduced in tracks more than 20 years ago; the so-called Super Premium Rail Steels. Based on this great deal of theoretical and practical experience, the success story of rail steels with higher carbon content has been transferred from heavy-haul application into mixed traffic and urban railways. The very positive behaviour of these Super Premium Rails does not only involve rail wear minimization, but also the behaviour of the rails with respect to the formation of corrugation and the development of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is extraordinarily improved. The paper deals with track experiences and the most economic rail grade strategy for mixed traffic as well as urban transport. However, a holistic system approach requires consideration and optimization of both sides of the wheel/rail contact. It is a common perception that reducing the wear rate of the material on one side of the wheel/rail interface will result in an increase in wear on the other side of the interface. Within the paper a review of research and published papers has been undertaken and it has been found that increasing the hardness of one material has little or no effect on the wear rate of the other material, and many researcher have actually observed a reduction in the wear rate in both materials when the hardness of one of them is increased. Highly resistant materials can therefore be beneficial for rail as well as the wheel and provide a benefit in reducing whole system maintenance costs.
Mobility hubs in suburban and rural areas – an overview of the development in Germany and experiences from the RaMo project
Authors: Grobe Johann , Werneke Marie , Blees Volker
Published: October 2024

For a transition towards sustainable mobility, new and diverse mobility services are needed. Public transport, cycling, and sharing services bundled in a mobility hub may be an alternative to motorized private transport (MPT). Most mobility hubs in Germany are located in major cities. In suburban and rural areas, however, there is less demand for intermodal and multimodal mobility services. This is where the RaMo project plays a pivotal role. RaMo stands for “Space for New Mobility”. The project aims to set up a network of mobility hubs in Wetterau District, north of the city of Frankfurt on the Main. The quality of transport infrastructure, as well as population density, decreases from west to east in the district. In this context, we examined networks of mobility hubs in rural and urban areas in Germany. This analysis compares definitions of mobility hubs and implementation of modes of transport, operating models, and stakeholders. Additionally, we present lessons learned from the RaMo project and highlight opportunities and obstacles in the planning process of establishing mobility hubs in Wetterau District. Finally, we developed criteria for success when implementing mobility hubs in rural areas.
Influence of truck apron design on two-geometry roundabouts’ speed management potential
Authors: Ahac Saša , Ahac Maja
Published: October 2024

An alternative type of modern roundabout with variable circulatory roadway width, the so-called two-geometry roundabout, has an elliptical outer carriageway edge and a circular inner carriageway edge. This variable width results in a roundabout that is less bulky than standard modern roundabouts and therefore more easily placed in locations with space constraints. Previous research has shown that these roundabouts must be equipped with truck aprons to guarantee vehicle trajectory deflection linked width the required personal vehicle speed reduction. The investigation presented in this paper aimed to determine the influence of truck apron design on two-geometry roundabouts’ personal vehicle speed reduction capabilities and relative speed. The investigation was based on computer simulations of vehicle movement and the resulting swept paths of a tractor with a semitrailer generated by the Autodesk Vehicle Tracking 2020 software. 32 four-legged single-lane roundabout schemes were designed in the Autodesk AutoCAD 2021 software by varying lengths of (1) the major axis from 18 to 25 m, with a 1-meter increment, and (2) the minor axis from 0.75 to 0.90 times the major axis length, with an increment of 0.05. Additional eight four-legged single-lane roundabout schemes were designed to represent a standard modern roundabout by varying the outer radius from 18 to 25 m, with a 1-meter increment. The truck aprons were designed to accommodate the 5-meter-wide circulatory lane. The expected driving speed through the roundabouts was estimated by constructing the fastest paths, measuring the path radii, and calculating driving speed according to the FHWA model. The investigation resulted in relative speeds between conflicting traffic streams and consecutive geometric elements, whose consistency can help to improve traffic safety at intersections.
The shoulder of the neighbouring county is always "greener”
Authors: Gáspár László , Bencze Zsolt , Tóth dr. Csaba , Tóth Csaba
Published: October 2024

Although the shoulder of the road is not an integral part of the road structure, but it has still a significant influence on the lifetime of the pavement. Many people consider the design, construction, and maintenance of the shoulder as a side (secondary) activity in the construction of the main track (pavement structure + earthwork), even though many practical examples prove that a wrong designed shoulder or its careless maintenance drastically reduces the quality characteristics of the pavement, maintenance costs will increase, and its lifetime will be shortened. Despite this, it is still common practice to pay not sufficient attention to the design and maintenance of the shoulder. During the research work, we focused on the answer to how the importance (financial consequences) of shoulder maintenance can be quantified in Hungarian practice to prove to the decision-makers the true value of this relatively cheap activity (in some cases serious financial consequences). We also pointed out the opportunities and risks of the recently transformed Hungarian road maintenance system (privatized road network maintenance service) in the mentioned topic.
Redesign of four-leg urban intersection with light rail in a corridor of two streets: case study in Zagreb
Authors: Stančerić Ivica , Puljar-Matić Marin , Džambas Tamara , Bezina Šime
Published: October 2024

In the Croatian capital Zagreb, due to the spatial expansion and the increasing number of inhabitants and cars, there is a constant need for the reconstruction of existing or the construction of new road infrastructure in accordance with the mandatory regulations and requirements. The lack of uniform national guidelines for the design of urban streets and intersections often leads to different and inconsistent solutions. Increasingly problematic in the street network are poorly designed intersections in urban areas. Great attention should be paid to the geometric design of intersections, as large cities have a complex traffic system due to the high volume of traffic and different road users. In this paper, the existing intersection of Grad Vukovar and Grad Gospić streets in the city of Zagreb with a light rail corridor in both streets was analysed, and two preliminary design variants for the reconstruction of the intersection were proposed to show the design problems and their solution.
Tire/pavement friction: presentation of a comprehensive physical tool through advanced contact modelling
Authors: Kane Malal
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a novel numerical tool for predicting tire/road friction by modeling the tire/road contact dynamics. Incorporating a comprehensive range of influential parameters related to tire properties, road conditions, contaminants, and contact operating conditions, the tool offers a holistic approach to friction estimation. Validation of the tool is achieved through braking tests conducted on a passenger car across a spectrum of speeds and diverse wet road surfaces exhibiting varying textures. The tool effectively ranks the friction coefficients associated with ABS (peak friction) and locked-wheel (sliding friction) conditions on these varied road surfaces, affirming its accuracy and utility in assessing tire/road interactions.
Assessing the soil liquefaction susceptibility: s comparative study of CPT and MASW techniques in the aftermath of road failure
Authors: Bačić Mario , Kovačević Meho Saša , Rossi Nicola , Librić Lovorka
Published: October 2024

The 2020 Petrinja earthquake had far reaching impact on the engineering linear networks, mostly flood protection embankments and road network. Liquefaction, a phenomenon where the saturated soil temporarily loses its strength and stiffness during intense ground shaking, caused significant failures, sinking, and tilting of the surface and near-surface infrastructure. The paper provides a valuable insight into the assessment of this phenomena, serving as a starting point for the development of resilient infrastructure and informing decision-makers on effective strategies for reducing liquefaction-induced damage along critical transportation routes. A comprehensive overview of methods which can be used for a simplified cyclic stress approach for the liquefaction assessment along the road transport network is given, including their advantages and shortcomings. An example comparing the in-situ CPT and MASW techniques for liquefaction resistance assessment is given for the location of Nova Drenčina, where many liquefaction-induced phenomena occurred after the mentioned Petrinja earthquake.
Monitoring of marine environment during bridge construction – Pelješac bridge case study
Authors: Haramina Tomi , Uzelac Obradović Tajana , Franc Katja , Jambrušić Sven
Published: October 2024

The construction of the Pelješac bridge has been one of the most significant infrastructural endeavours in Croatia in the last several decades. Due to the type of the project, according to the EU and the national legislation it was subject to environmental impact assessment, which provided a framework for the environmental monitoring plan. To fulfil the requirements related to the monitoring of the marine environment the unique monitoring system was set up consisting of three modules: (i) two autonomous measurement buoys providing continuous near-real time data on water quality and meteorology with alarm function; (ii) measurements of water quality parameters in broader project area every two weeks; and (iii) monitoring of biological parameters. The measurements on buoys included water quality parameters on surface and 4 depths. The measurements on 8 stations in broader project area were performed by a multiparametric probe for measurements of water quality parameters on surface and at every 5 m depth up to the bottom, as well as measurements of optical characteristic of water. Monitoring of biological parameters included analyses of composition of the phytoplankton community, macroalgae (CARLIT method), Posidonia oceanica (POMI index) and benthic invertebrates, including invasive species.
Research of road markings visibility degradation based on applied materials on Croatian State Roads
Authors: Boroša Vanna , Babić Darko , Ferko Marija , Fiolić Mario
Published: October 2024

Road markings are integral to effective traffic management, serving as visual cues for drivers and essential components in ensuring road safety. Choosing materials for road markings, whether durable options like plastic materials or conventional paint, presents an important decision point in road infrastructure planning. While durable materials offer long-lasting benefits, paint provides a flexible and cost-effective alternative. Visibility is a critical factor, particularly in low-light conditions, highlighting the crucial role of retroreflection. This research compares the performance of road markings made from durable materials with those made using paint. Research focuses on the Republic of Croatia, analysing road markings across its network of state roads based on available data categorised into five regions. Descriptive statistics will provide insights into the materials used for exploiting road markings across five regions. This research compares the retroreflection of refurbished road markings and post-exposure retroreflection over an annual cycle. The reference year spans from the autumn of one year to the spring of the following year, accounting for winter road maintenance and road marking renewal periods. Statistical analysis employs the One-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) to compare the visibility of road markings in use and the renewed road markings based on the materials used. This analysis provides insights concerning road marking material retroreflection and its degradation depending on traffic exposure and environmental conditions. The results are compared to determine if there is a substantial difference in retroreflection between the two used road marking materials. Data analysis is conducted using the SPSS statistic tool. Findings of this research will help provide insights into the balance between the visibility of road markings based on used materials over time, offering a valuable perspective for road maintenance strategies.
Addressing charging infrastructure location problem considering a dynamic and supply
Authors: Aksoy Ilyas , Mutlu Mehmet , Alver Yalcin
Published: October 2024

Known for their environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and quiet operation, electric buses come forward as ideal public transportation solutions for urban areas. On the other hand, their limited driving range, depending on their battery capacities, hinders their wider adoption. Implementing the opportunity charging strategy can serve as a solution to address this inherent challenge of electric buses. This strategy allows buses to charge at bus stops using wireless chargers during the dwell time. However, it introduces another challenge, known as the Charging Infrastructure Location Problem (CILP), which involves optimizing the charger locations on transit networks. Several studies have approached CILP, adopting the opportunity charging strategy. Nevertheless, these studies either evaluate energy levels concerning bus routes or assume predetermined charging durations at stops. However, it is a fact that each electric bus operating on the same route is supplied a different amount of energy due to the total number of passengers boarding and alighting throughout the entire operating period. Furthermore, each bus consumes different amounts of energy due to its schedule throughout the operation period. This study develops an optimization model to minimize the charging infrastructure investment cost in an electric bus network under dynamic supply and demand. The model assesses the energy level of each bus individually by calculating the recharging duration at each stop for each bus depending on the number of boarding and alighting passengers and taking into account the impact of time-dependent link travel times on energy consumption. The developed optimization model is tested on a small-scale network. The results demonstrate that when the energy level of each bus is assessed individually, notable differences exist in the energy levels among buses operating on the same route. Additionally, solving the model more realistically using charging durations obtained from passenger boarding/alighting numbers instead of predetermined charging duration leads to significant increases in the charging infrastructure investment cost.
Relating active traveller expectations to surface condition management of cycle facilities
Authors: Van Geem Carl , Massart Tim
Published: October 2024

In recent years active mobility is promoted as one of the levers for mobility changes away from the use of motorised vehicles. Road authorities at all levels invest in new cycle facilities. But active travellers only stay keen on using this infrastructure if it is maintained and kept at a sufficient quality level. This contribution discusses the prerequisites for a cycle facility management system (CFMS): the link between the quality requirements, the surface condition of the cycle facilities, and the decisions cycle facility managers can make. It is shown that the combination of criteria related to mobility and criteria related to surface condition enhance manager’s understanding. It is widely accepted that there are five quality requirements for cycle facilities: Coherence and Readability, Directness, Attractiveness, Safety, and Comfort. These are discussed in the paper, identifying their link either to surface characteristics or to field situations. The paper lists different maintenance actions that can help improving on the quality requirements. Comfort and safety aspects are strongly linked with surface characteristics of the cycle facility and can be inspected or measured with methods studied in the frame of the Belgian pre-normative project SuChar-BiLan. Other quality requirements may ask for regular clearing of fallen tree leaves and dirt, or small adjustments to the environment. Hence, to determine the needs of maintenance actions, inspections, condition measurements, inventory data analysis, user’s feedback and the evaluation of situations are needed, combining mobility measures and surface condition maintenance. The paper discusses several cycle facility management practices reported in the literature. It is argued that strategic decision with a CFMS needs to be based on the evaluation of all five quality requirements. It is concluded that a CFMS should provide a strategy of investment in condition maintenance, modifications in design, simple resolutions of situations, and routine measures.
Enhancing urban sustainable mobility: a binary logistic regression approach to modelling cyclists' behaviour
Authors: Alver Yalcin , Odabasi Elia
Published: October 2024

Urban mobility is a critical aspect of modern city life, and the integration of sustainable transportation modes, such as cycling, has gained prominence. However, in Izmir, a vibrant city in Turkey, there are limited cycling routes, which poses a challenge for cyclists. This study aims to model the behaviour of individuals who choose to cycle in İzmir despite the lack of proper infrastructure, particularly focusing on their interaction with public transportation. To achieve this, we employ binary logistic regression to analyse the factors influencing individuals' decision to combine cycling with public transportation. Variables considered include travel distance, travel purpose, bike use frequency, socioeconomic factors, and the availability of alternative transportation options. The dataset is derived from surveys conducted among cyclists in İzmir, capturing their preferences, challenges faced, and motivations for choosing this unconventional mode of transportation. 539 (%27) out of 1982 survey data were found to use bicycles and public transportation together. Despite the absence of dedicated bicycle lanes, a significant number of individuals prefer cycling in conjunction with public transportation, suggesting a latent demand for improved cycling infrastructure. In the preliminary findings, it has been determined that the purpose of travel has a significant impact on the co-use of cycling and public transportation. Individuals using bicycles to commute to work or school are more likely to combine cycling with public transportation compared to those using bicycles for leisure or shopping. The frequency of bicycle use also has a notable effect on the co-use of cycling and public transportation. Individuals who regularly use bicycles have a higher likelihood of combining cycling with public transportation compared to those who rarely use bicycles. This research provides a foundation for evidence-based urban planning, aiming to enhance the overall quality of life and contribute to the development of cyclist-friendly cities.