bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Organoleptik dan Sifat Kimia Fruit Leather Nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) dengan Penambahan Karagenan dan Gelatin sebagai Gelling Agent
Authors: Nurkaya Hamka
Published: February 2021

Di Kalimantan Timur, buah nanas sangat berlimpah namun masyarakat setempat belum memanfaatkannya sebagai olahan yang berkualitas tinggi padahal buah nanas sangat berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi produk-produk yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi seperti halnya dalam diversifikasi pangan, salah satunya adalah dengan pengolahan fruit leather. Dalam pengolahan fruit leather sering terjadi beberapa kendala, salah satunya adalah plastisitas yang kurang baik. Oleh karena itu untuk memenuhi kriteria tersebut diperlukan penambahan bahan pengikat yang dapat memperbaiki plastisitas dari fruit leather dengan menggunakan bahan karagenan dan gelatin. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor tunggal dalam penelitian ini adalah perbandingan antara karagenan dan gelatin. Dimana perlakuan adalah P1 (1g:0g), P2 (0,75g:0,25g), P3 (0,50g:0,50g), P4 (0,25g:0,75g), dan P5 (0g:1g) untuk setiap 100 gram bahan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ) pada taraf α 5%.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh perbandingan penambahan antara karagenan dan gelatin berpengaruh nyata terhadap organoleptik untuk warna dan rasa, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap organoleptik untuk aroma dan tekstur serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat dan vitamin C. Penambahan terbaik berdasarkan tingkat kesukaan terhadap warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa terdapat pada perbandingan (100:0). Perbandingan ini memiliki kadar air 9,44%, kadar abu 2,88%, kadar serat 1,98%, dan vitamin C 15,51 mg.
The relationship between school-related factors and student development: An empirical study of Vietnamese students in the Industry 4.0
Authors: Nguyen Lan , Tan Thi Khanh Phuong , Nguyen Thu Ha , Zuyen Zhang
Published: February 2021

The study examines how school-related factors influence the cognitive, psychological, and mental development of Vietnamese students. We randomly sent the questionnaires to more than 2000 students with different majors at five top universities in Vietnam based on the Ranking Web of Universities and conducted in-depth online interviews with respondents. Subsequently, we tested the correlation between student development and four school-related factors, including academic staff quality, school infrastructure, teaching curriculum, and school environment, using SPSS 22 and STATA version 2016. The findings suggest the significant role of staff quality in determining the level of student satisfaction. Specifically, students express their satisfaction and appreciation with their studies if their teachers have a solid academic platform. More importantly, infrastructure is positively correlated with three dependent variables, while teaching curriculum only influences cognitive development. The school environment positively affects psychological, mental, but not cognitive development. We also find that gender does not moderate students’ development but does influence student satisfaction.
Factors influencing English proficiency: An empirical study of Vietnamese students
Authors: Nguyen Lan , Nguye Huyen , Tran Thi Thanh Nga , Le Minh Quang , Ziyi Zhang
Published: February 2021

This study tries to explore how distinctive or not the Vietnamese students are in learning English, thus investigating factors influencing the language proficiency of Vietnamese students. The study suggests the significance of five intrinsic factors related to the students’ characteristics (which are learning purpose, learning ability, learning method, hard-working, and self-awareness) and three extrinsic factors that are related to demographic factors, parental indicators, and schooling-environment in determining the English proficiency of Vietnamese people. Data was collected from online questionnaires sent to more than 2500 students from eight famous universities in Vietnam and converted into an excel version before translated into SPSS and EVIEW. Research results show that intrinsic factors, especially learning methods, play a vital role in shaping Vietnamese students’ capability to learn a second language. From educators’ perspectives, the higher level of English exposure the students are equipped at school, the higher their language proficiency. Finally, we compare the difference in learning language ability among genders and ages. The findings suggest that girls and minorities are less proficient in language than others.
Getting Published in Top Journals: Is the Deck Stacked Against You?
Authors: Carrothers Andrew G. , Yao Liufang , Yao Liuchang
Published: February 2021

We examine the challenges of publishing in top academic journals. We introduce a new data set summarizing 30 years of articles at the three top finance journals. We quantify the issue by first examining the number of articles and authors per year at each journal then comment on the impact of repeat authors and institutional affiliation. Our results show that a small number of academics and institutions dominate the available publishing space in these journals. We then shift the focus to the potential impact of choice of research area on publication success by investigating trends in the coverage of behavioral finance in these journals. Our results suggest an editorial bias against this arguably important field of study.
Stakeholder Governance Paradigm in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rezaee Zabihollah , Rezae Nick J.
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has tremendous implications for people and organizations. It has influenced organization behavior and may trigger a paradigm shift regarding the way business organizations consider governance under the new normal. This study conducts a synthesis of the literature and provides an insight into the COVID-19 crisis and its impacts on organization behavior and corporate governance norms and measures. Stakeholder governance of protecting interests of all stakeholders presented in this paper is appropriate in addressing challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic that affect organization behavior. These challenges and related changes will affect all aspects of business organizations from the oversight function by the board of directors to the managerial function by executives. Stakeholder governance is driven from the stakeholder primacy concept with focus on creating and protecting shared value for all stakeholders. Stewardship theory can predict changes that business organizations will make in modifying their stakeholder governance in the face of such an exogenous shock caused by the pandemic. Propositions are advanced and suggestions are provided for policy, practical, education, and research implications.
Apresentação
Authors: De Siqueira Pedra Nylcéa Thereza
Published: February 2021

Apresentação do dossiê "Estudos decoloniais em tradução".
Políticas Públicas de Turismo na Pandemia de Covid-19: análise à luz das funções de governo
Authors: Trentin Fábia , Moraes Claudia Correa de Almeida , Guimarães Valeria Lima
Published: February 2021

O presente estudo é parte dos esforços da comunidade científica de turismo para compreender os efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19, no ano de 2020, na sociedade e debater formas de redução de seus impactos e iniciativas de superação da crise estabelecida no setor. A abordagem priorizou a análise da atuação dos governos, nos âmbitos municipais, estaduais e federal, por meio de suas políticas de turismo e o diálogo entre elas, nos municípios de Rio das Ostras e Macaé, integrantes da região turística da Costa do Sol, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esse olhar transversal entremeado pela literatura científica a respeito de políticas públicas, pela observação documental e pela atenção às normas e atos legais, possibilitou verificar como os governos atuaram nas ações voltadas ao turismo. Como resultado, foram registradas semelhanças e diferenças na condução das políticas de turismo dos dois municípios e vários pontos de interseção, entre elas, as ações oriundas das três esferas de governo, nacional, estadual e municipal, coordenadas horizontalmente e (des)coordenadas verticalmente. Uma das contribuições que o artigo oferece é a possibilidade de utilização da abordagem e metodologia aplicadas nesse estudo para a análise da realidade de outros territórios e suas interações no tocante à gestão pública do turismo.
The Giant Chalukou Porphyry Mo Deposit, Northeast China: The Product of a Short-Lived, High Flux Mineralizing Event
Authors: Zhao Qingqing , Zhai Degao , Mathur Ryan , Liu Jiajun , Selby David , Williams-Jones Anthony E.
Published: February 2021

Whether giant porphyry ore deposits are the products of single, short-lived magmatic-hydrothermal events or multiple events over a prolonged interval is a topic of considerable debate. Previous studies, however, have all been devoted to porphyry Cu and Cu-Mo deposits. In this paper, we report high-precision isotope dilution-negative-thermal ionization mass spectrometric (ID-N-TIMS) molybdenite Re-Os ages for the newly discovered, world-class Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit (reserves of 2.46 Mt @ 0.087 wt % Mo) in NE China. Samples were selected based on a careful evaluation of the relative timing of the different vein types (i.e., A, B, and D veins), thereby ensuring that the suite of samples analyzed could be used to reliably determine the age and duration of mineralization.

The molybdenite Re-Os geochronology reveals that hydrothermal activity at Chalukou involved two magmatic-hydrothermal events spanning an interval of 6.92 ± 0.16 m.y. The first event (153.96 ± 0.08/0.63/0.79 Ma, molybdenite ID-N-TIMS Re-Os age) was associated with the emplacement of a granite porphyry dated at 152.1 ± 2.2 Ma (zircon laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-microscopic [LA-ICP-MS] U-Pb ages), and led to only minor Mo mineralization, accounting for <10% of the overall Mo budget. The bulk of the Mo (>90%) was deposited in less than 650 kyr, between 147.67 ± 0.10/0.60/0.76 and 147.04 ± 0.12/0.72/0.86 Ma (molybdenite ID-N-TIMS Re-Os ages), coincident with the emplacement of a fine-grained porphyry at 148.1 ± 2.6 Ma (zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages). The high-precision Re-Os age determinations presented here show, contrary to the finding of a number of studies of porphyry Cu and Cu-Mo systems, that the giant Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit primarily formed in a single, short-lived (<650 kyr) hydrothermal event, suggesting that this may also have been the case for other giant porphyry Mo deposits.
Women's Leadership in Local Government
Authors: Akirav Osnat
Published: February 2021

In the last two decades the number of women involved in politics locally and nationally has increased.  Nevertheless, there is limited empirical work investigating the increase in the number of female candidates for the position of mayor. To fill this gap in the literature, we conducted interviews with 57 of the 72 female candidates for mayor in Israel before the October 2018 elections, and 37 of the 72 female candidates for mayor after the election. In addition, we interviewed 11 male candidates and men elected as mayors after the election, as well. On the individual level with regard to political ambition, we found that there are four components whose synergy results in more women being encouraged to run for mayor: mentoring, information, networking for women and training. We called this model the MINT model, which has emerged from the interviews conducted with the candidates. On the societal level, it is important to increase public awareness of the importance of gender representation and hence, voting for women to be mayors.
Stability of anthocyanin extracts from tall currant (Ribes altissimum) fruits
Authors: Damdindorj Mungunnaran , Byambaa Munkhtsetseg , Munkhjargal Odonchimeg , Barkhuu Bayarmaa
Published: February 2021

Plant anthocyanins are colored pigments that are traditionally used as dye and food colorant. Moreover, anthocyanins have been widely studied for its medicinal values and could be potential pharmaceutical ingredients. This study investigated the anthocyanins stability and extraction rate from tall currant extracts. The results showed that tall currant fruits are rich in anthocyanin content, providing 1.93%–2.70% anthocyanin in different extraction solvents. The stability of anthocyanin extracts was significantly affected by light exposure as indicated by 34.96%–56.64% degradation. The optimal condition for anthocyanin extraction from tall currant fruits was achieved with 70% ethanol/citric acid solution (pH = 2.50, and solid/liquid ratio of 1:20) when the extraction was carried out at 70°C for 90 minutes. This condition corresponded to anthocyanin content of 2.39% or 2390 mg anthocyanin in 100 g of dry plant materials. The findings of this study will be useful to predict the quality changes that might occur in preparing food colorants from tall currant (Ribes altissimum) in terms of thermal processing and prevent the degradation of the anthocyanins for the beverage and food industry in Mongolia.
Wheat varietal identification study using common quality and disease PCR markers
Authors: Mandakh Ariungerel , Baasansuren Otgonbayar , Munkhbat Tungalag , Yadamsuren Myagmarsuren
Published: February 2021

The main vital cereal crop in Mongolia is wheat (Triticum spp .). There are more than 10000 wheat varieties are released and registered in the world wheat atlas up to the date. Internationally, wheat varieties are identified by their genotypes. However, local wheat varieties are being identified only by its phenotypic traits in Mongolia. Not significant study was carried out on wheat varietal identification. In this study, we aim to differentiate widely planting 6 local wheat varieties Darkhan-34, Darkhan-131, Darkhan-144, Darkhan-166, Tsogt and Khalkh-gol-1 using PCR based common quality and disease 22 markers. As a result, 10 out of 22 markers were detected in all wheat varieties in distinct sizes, 8 markers detected otherwise and 4 markers was not detected at all. Thus, the ZSBy9 marker which is specific marker to distinguish Darkhan-144, ZSBy8 primer which is specific marker to distinguish Khalkh gol-1, GluA1c and GluB1 Bx642 markers those are specific markers to distinguish Tsogt variety from other studied varieties respectively.
Marketing structure and the tendencies towards business activity
Authors: Mariano Jefferson
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is both to present a characterization of the business activity sector focusing on the São Paulo's metropolitan region (RMSP) and emphasize the commercial concentrating process, which has been in evidence mainly in hyper and super markets. This paper is divided into 3 sections. The first one will illustrate the concentrating process in some retail trade, which will be done under the light of market structural theories. The second section will present a economic chart with information directed to Brazil, more specifically to São Paulo State and its metropolitan area. Finally, the third one will point out the perspectives and tendencies towards this economic activity.
The neo-liberal paradigm and the brazilian economy in the globalization context
Authors: Fedrigo Laerte
Published: February 2021

The combination of the economic transformations in the international environment and the economic crisis, has forced internally in Brazil the adoption of structural and liberizing reforms required by multilateral organisms. On the contrary of what was hoped by policy makers, they were not able to improve the competitive development of the national industry, allow the retaking of the economic growth, or break the historic regressive tendency of the Brazilian distributive profile. On the contrary, they implied an exagerated unbalance of the Brazilian external debt, turning the country vulnerable to changeable international financial market, with negative reflexes upon the economic activities and the work market.
The scientific and technological research as an instrument of social development and agent of social inclusion
Authors: Lazzareschi Noêmia
Published: February 2021

Underveloped technology countries bare the hard consequences of the dependence vicious circle: they are dependents because they have delayed technology and they have delayed technology because they are dependents. Only with massive investiments in school education and in scientific and technological research they should break this vicious circle, greatly responsable for the social wounds and build a new social structure in which most people, if not all their population can, in fact, to perform their citizen’s rights, putting an end to the social exclusion.
Third sector: the construction of an solidarity economy
Authors: Ramos Gerusa Coutinho
Published: February 2021

The third sector is increasing in Brazil and it occupies a political, economic and social space, showing a diversity of formal entities or informal movements, defender of the most variety causes – street boys, AIDS, environment, professional qualification, woman, small producers, among so many other which represent the social fights in Brazil. In this context, this article aims to raise topics for discussion concerning the importance of the third sector in the country as an alternative of society organization in relation with its reality and necessities, besides stressing the economic importance of this segment in the GDP, work market and capital investment. Firstly, it shows a brief historic view of the third sector; secondly, it performs a debate about this concept; thirdly, it is shown the economic aspects and the perspectives that, in Brazil, are presented to it.
Justicia transicional y producción cultural: una cala en la transgresión literaria de los discursos institucionales de Argentina, Chile y España
Authors: García-Manso Luisa
Published: February 2021

El término ‘justicia transicional’ fue adoptado en los años 90 en las Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas para hacer referencia al conjunto de medidas emprendidas en distintos países para lidiar con legados estatales de violaciones de los derechos humanos: juicios penales, comisiones de verdad, medidas de reparación de las víctimas, políticas de memoria y diferentes formas de reforma institucional, entre otros (Greiff 18). Dichas medidas, que beben de una tradición jurídica internacional, se están efectuando de manera diferente en los diversos países implicados en la confrontación con el pasado. En este ensayo tomo como ejemplo una selección de producciones culturales argentinas, chilenas y españolas de diverso tipo —narrativa, teatro y cine documental— en las que se problematizan los vacíos dejados por las reformas políticas y legales y por la perpetuación —especialmente en los casos español y chileno— de leyes de amnistía que dilatan la impunidad de los responsables de crímenes de lesa humanidad, reconocidos por la ONU como delitos imprescriptibles. Las producciones seleccionadas para el análisis tienen como denominador común su habilidad para denunciar los huecos dejados por la norma a través de recursos formales y expresivos con los que se transgreden los discursos institucionales —e institucionalizados— sobre memoria y justicia en los tres países. The term ‘transitional justice’ is first used in the 90s in the field of Social and Legal Sciences. It "refers to the set of measures implemented in various countries to deal with the legacies of massive human rights abuses", such as "criminal prosecutions, truth-telling, reparations, and different forms of institutional reform" (Greiff 18). In the diverse countries dealing with the past, these measures, which stem from an international legal tradition, are put into practice differently. In this essay, I examine how a selection of Argentinean, Chilean and Spanish cultural productions question the gaps in the political and legal reforms. Especially in the Spanish and the Chilean cases they criticise the perpetuation of amnesty laws that grant impunity to the people responsible for crimes against humanity. From the UN perspective, those crimes are not subject to statutory limitations. The chosen cultural productions belong to different genres: narrative, theatre and documentary film. They have in common the ability to denounce the legal vacuum through formal and expressive resources that transgress the institutional —and institutionalised— discourses on memory and justice of the three countries.
Ante la cámara lúcida de la memoria. Divisiones y uniones fotográficas entre descendientes de víctimas y victimarios de la guerra de España - y su amplio marco medial y transcultural
Authors: Bolte Rike
Published: February 2021

Este artículo propone una mirada sobre el extenso y a la vez denso entramado de trabajos por la memoria postdictatorial articulada entre Argentina y España. Partiendo de sus implicaciones conflictivas más estudiadas, vuelca su mirada sobre los novísimos aportes tanto en términos generacionales como mediales, y en distintas cohortes descendientes de víctimas y victimarios. El interés por la transferibilidad de los esfuerzos mnemónicos de las sociedades postdictatoriales lleva a un objeto medial específico: la fotografía. La pregunta que orienta entonces el ensayo es cuáles serían las posibilidades de este arte (lúcido) de participar de un narrative que busque hacer visibles aspectos de una memoria a la que se la han inscrito anatomías de la división ideológica. Así, se analiza un encuentro entre descendientes de víctimas y victimarios de la guerra de España y su registro fotográfico realizado por José Aymá, y se verifica si este trabajo puede ser comparado con una obra genuinamente transcultural del argentino Gustavo Germano. Esta puesta en relación de dos trabajos fotográficos que enfocan los estatus de unión/separación, se verá enmarcada por una serie de reflexiones referidas a las (meto-)mnemografías transculturales que se expresan en el espacio de los nuevos medios. The present essay proposes a perspective on the very complex network of post-dictatorial ‘memory work’ articulated between Argentina and Spain, including not only the most conflictive zones —that have been widely studied— but primarily the newest contributions, both with regard to generational patterns and to media communication strategies. The essay’s focus lies on photography, seeing this form of expression as a ‘lucid art’ and as an important element when it comes to creating a narrative that helps to make visible certain aspects of a memory that has been ideologically divided. In the light of this, the essay analyses an encounter between descendants of victims and victimizers of the Spanish war, portrayed by José Aymá. The intention is to determine if the work of this Spanish photographer could be compared with another, genuinely transcultural work by the argentine photographer Gustavo Germano. Beyond this ‘dialogue’ of photographic portraits that focus the status of union versus separation, the essay suggests a number of reflections on the transcultural meta-mnemographies that are to be found in the new media space.
Sobre los autores
Authors: Cruz Suárez Juan Carlos , Izquierdo José María , Jünke (eds.) Claudia
Published: February 2021

Biodatas de los autores de los artículos de la revista.
TUTELA ANTECIPADA ANTECEDENTE, PRODUÇÃO ANTECIPADA DE PROVAS E PANDEMIA: UM DIÁLOGO NECESSÁRIO
Authors: de Almeida Coimbra Strasser Francislaine , Silva Santos Silas
Published: February 2021

The text deals about the procedural institutes for the anticipated production of evidence and for the previous anticipated sentence, as foreseen in the Code of Civil Procedure, in the critical context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on practical examples in comparison with the theoretical analysis, it is emphasized that the stabilization of early guardianship adequately and conveniently shelters emergency and transitory situations. Likewise, the advance production of evidence proves to be an important instrument for the reconstruction of facts related to the impacts of the pandemic on legal relations, allowing interested parties to resolve disputes by self-composing methods or, through prior knowledge of the facts, better evaluate your chances of success in future demand, avoiding judicialization as appropriate. To achieve the desired goals, the inductive and deductive methods are applied, without prejudice to, at times, adopting dialectical discourse. The research is applied, qualitative, legal-exploratory and bibliographic.
As Tragédias de Mariana e Brumadinho
Authors: Rocha Leonardo Cristian
Published: February 2021

Em 5 de novembro de 2015 o Brasil passou pela sua maior tragédia ambiental com o rompimento da barragem de fundão em Mariana da Empresa Samarco. Pouco tempo depois em 25 de janeiro de 2019, uma nova tragédia, o rompimento da Barragem do córrego do Feijão da Empresa Vale S.A, com terrível impacto social, devido a morte de centenas de pessoas, além de todas as questões ambientais. Foi justamente após a tragédia de Mariana que a Vale atingiu o valor de Mercado de R$ 323 bilhões de reais. Esse resultado foi fruto da paralização das atividades da Empresa Samarco. O mais curioso em toda essa tragédia causada pelo rompimento da barragem de Fundão, não causou grandes transtornos econômicos para a Vale S.A., muito pelo contrário, o que se observou foi um crescimento no valor de mercado após o rompimento da barragem a empresa Samarco. A companhia Vale S.A. assume a liderança na produção das pelotas e ferro e domina o mercado mundial nesse cenário. Em 2018, a Vale produz 55,3 milhões de toneladas de pelotas de ferro. A tragédia Brumadinho, foi o maior impacto social já registrado na nossa história. Foram quase 300 mortes e muitos corpos ainda não foram encontrados. Além de todas essas vítimas, houve grande perda de casas, pousadas, aldeias indígenas dos índios Pataxós, além do grande impacto ambiental na bacia do Rio Paraopeba. Após essa nova tragédia, a Vale teve uma nova queda no seu valor de mercado, mas em menos de 1 ano, recuperou seu valor, em virtude da paralização de 10 usinas antigas com baixa produção, e, portanto, a diminuição de 10% da sua produção. Mas observa-se o aumento de quase 100% no valor do minério de ferro, ou seja, diminuiu os custos e aumentou o preço do minério no mercado internacional. O aumento do preço das comodities no mercado internacional, levou a Vale ter lucratividade superou 15 bilhões de reais no terceiro semestre de 2020. Dessa forma, fica muito simples responder à pergunta inicial desse texto. O prejuízo foi grandiosamente imensurável para a população e para o meio ambiente.
Assessing land-use impacts on a 5th-order tropical river using multiple environmental indicators
Authors: Boëchat Iola Gonçalves , Brauns Mario , Carvalho Ana Paula Campos de , Paiva-Magela Aparecida Beatriz das Mercês de , Chaves Ronaldo César , Hille Sandra , Gücker Björn
Published: February 2021

Land-use change, such as agricultural expansion and intensification, and urbanisation, affects river ecosystem health and threatens riverine biological communities in a multifactorial and interactive way. In this study, we compiled the results of several studies carried out in a 5th-order tropical river, the Rio das Mortes in the upper Rio Grande basin (Southeast Brazil). We analysed if a combination of different environmental indicators, such as river water quality, sediment structure, habitat structural integrity, biochemistry of suspended organic matter, and the composition and distribution of the benthic invertebrate community, provides a complementary and more complete assessment of land-use impacts from headwaters to the river mouth than single indicators. Water quality exhibited longitudinal changes along the studied river, especially during the dry season, corresponding to the urbanisation pattern in the river catchment with considerable urbanisation already in the upper catchment, and several urban centres along the river's course. The predominance of saturated fatty acids and bacterial fatty acids in the river water's suspended organic matter at urbanised river segments showed that the biochemistry of suspended organic matter, an important resource for the river's biological community, was a sensitive indicator of catchment urbanisation. In contrast, river sediment structure and habitat integrity showed local impacts, primarily in mid-catchment urbanised river segments, with notable positive effects of local conservation efforts and natural differences in sediment structure. Chironomidae and Oligochaeta were the dominant groups in the river's macroinvertebrate community. Their spatial distribution was mainly determined by sediment structure and river habitat integrity, and thereby, by local impacts on river structure. We argue that integrated assessment approaches rarely applied to larger tropical rivers, combining local structural, habitat and community characteristics with large-scale land use and water quality patterns, are important to understand and manage land-use stress in these systems.
Design and Synthesis of Crystalline Carboxyl-terminated Polyester Resin
Authors: YE Xiufang , LIN Jingxuan , CHEN Dongchu , CHANG Menglei , WEI Hongyang
Published: February 2021

In this work, a novel semi-crystalline polyester resin synthesis was explored, then influence of alcohol/acid ratio and monomer’s structure on crystallinity of poliester resin were studied in details. The crystalline polyester resin was synthesized via a two-step melt-condensation method. The structure and performance of the polyester resin was characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared radiation, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis and melt flow rate. The effect of molar ratio between alcohol monomer and carboxyl monomer on the structure and performance of polyester resin was studied, based on these, how the modifications (1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol) affected the crystalline properties of the resin were further studied and optimized with the multi-factors orthogonal test method, and the results show that the synthesized polyester resin meets the expected design, and has some crystalline structure. The change of hydroxyl/carboxyl ratio (-OH/-COOH) can affect the crystallinity: the larger the crystallinity, the smaller the melt flow rate. Two modifications containing rigid cyclohexyl groups with high symmetry can improve the crystallinity of polyester resin.
Wear Behavior and Microstructure of Thermally Sprayed NiCrBSiFeC and Composite NiCrBSiFeC-WC(Co) Coatings
Authors: ABDERRAHMANE Abderrahmane , GACEB Mohamed , CHEIKH Mohammed , LE ROUX Sabine
Published: February 2021

In this work, a study was carried out on the friction and wear behavior of flame thermal sprayed NiCrBSiFeC-WC(Co) composite and NiCrBSiFeC coatings subjected to severe wear conditions. For this purpose, flame remelted samples were tested in reciprocating wear conditions based on a cylinder-on-flat configuration. The wear assessment of the coatings was achieved using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3D optical profilometry. The microstructure and the mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated using SEM, EDS and XRD techniques as along with indentation tests. The tribological behavior of the substrate and the coatings was successfully studied thanks to wear tests conducted on an adapted multi test apparatus. The results show that both NiCrBSiFeC and composite coatings induced a significant increase in the steel substrate hardness and wear resistance due to the formation of precipitates with high hardness well dispersed within an ultra-crystalline structure. Besides, adding WC(Co) to NiCrBSiFeC leads to a composite coating with hardness and wear resistance further improved. In return, it increases the coefficient of friction (COF) and the coatings’ roughness. Furthermore, improvements in the surface hardness, the roughness and the coating-substrate adhesion were attained after the remelting process for both NiCrBSiFeC and NiCrBSiFeC-WC(Co) coatings. Wear tracks investigations indicated that reciprocating dry sliding based on cylinder-on-flat test configuration promote several wear mechanisms that may occur simultaneously.
Operationalizing Heterogeneous Data-Driven Process Models for Various Industrial Sectors through Microservice-Oriented Cloud-Based Architecture
Authors: Lipenko Valdemar , Nigl Sebastian , Roither-Voigt Andreas , David Zelenay
Published: February 2021

Industrial performance optimization increasingly makes the use of various analytical data-driven models. In this context, modern machine learning capabilities to predict future production quality outcomes, model predictive control to better account for complex multivariable environments of process industry, Bayesian Networks enabling improved decision support systems for diagnostics and fault detection are some of the main examples to be named. The key challenge is to integrate these highly heterogeneous models in a holistic system, which would also be suitable for applications from the most different industries. Core elements of the underlying solution architecture constitute highly decoupled model microservices, ensuring the creation of largely customizable model runtime environments. Deployment of isolated user-space instances, called containers, further extends the overall possibilities to integrate heterogeneous models. Strong requirements on high availability, scalability, and security are satisfied through the application of cloud-based services. Tieto successfully applied the outlined approach during the participation in FUture DIrections for Process industry Optimization (FUDIPO), a project funded by the European Commission under the H2020 program, SPIRE-02-2016.
Modeling the Hidden Risk of Polyethylene Contaminants within the Supply Chain
Authors: Bonilla-Enríquez Gladys , Cano-Olivos Patricia , Martínez-Flores José-Luis , Sánchez-Partida Diana , Caballero-Morales Santiago-Omar
Published: February 2021

Inventory management is very important to support the supply chain of the manufacturing and service industries. All inventories involve warehousing; however, most of the products and packages are associated to plastic which is the main generator of polyethylene (phthalate) pollution in the air and water resources. In fact, phthalate has been identified as the cause of serious health conditions and its impact within the operation of logistic processes has not been studied. In this work, we perform research on the generation of phthalate as the control on these emissions is important to adjust the supply strategy to reduce the human risk exposure and contamination of the environment. For this purpose, generation of phthalate is modeled through the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and its impact on the supply strategy is assessed through its integration within a stochastic inventory control model. As presented, it is possible to adjust the supply strategy to reduce the cumulative generation of phthalate within the warehouse and thus reduce its impact on human health and environment sustainability.
Rivers of Lebanon: Significant Water Resources under Threats
Authors: Shaban Amin
Published: February 2021

Lebanon is known by tremendous water resources, and this has been often viewed from the considerable number of rivers (i.e. 14 rivers). These rivers are characterized by small catchments and short length. The estimated average annual discharge from these rivers is approximately 2800 million m3. Due to the sloping terrain of Lebanon; however, it was estimated that more than 75% of water from rivers is unexploited it mainly outlets into the sea. The majority of water use from the Lebanese rivers implies domestic, agriculture, as well as some other rivers are used for hydro-power generation where they contribute by about 20% of electricity needed for Lebanon. Lately, and added to water pollution, there is abrupt decline in the discharge from these rivers estimated to more than 60% of their average annual discharge. This unfavorable situation is attributed, in addition to the changing climate, to the anthropogenic interference is the most affecting one and it is represented by over pumping from these rivers and form the recharge zone for groundwater and springs that feed these rivers. This chapter aims at introducing a discussion on the existed challenges on the Lebanese rivers and the proposed and their impact.
Mediating the Learning of a Student with Dyslexia in a Greek Supplementary School in the UK
Authors: Rontou Maria
Published: February 2021

This paper’s aim was to investigate a second language teacher’s beliefs about teaching and learning and her practices in relation to a student with dyslexia from a sociocultural perspective. It first referred to studies on teachers’ beliefs and practices, then the concepts of mediation, scaffolding and zone of proximal development were defined and studies on mediation and scaffolding were reviewed. Τhe data from the interview with the teacher and the classroom observations were analyzed and compared. The study illustrated that the teacher’s practices were not always consistent with her beliefs of how students with dyslexia learn better. Her teaching practice did not always have a theoretical concept behind it either. The observation of her lessons demonstrated though an effective use of multisensory methods, actions, objects and scaffolding to mediate a student’s with dyslexia learning. In the end of the chapter suggestions for teachers of students with dyslexia in similar settings are given based on the data.
Investigation of Structural, Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Chromium Substituted Nickel Ceramic Nanopowders
Authors: Sridhar Rapolu , Ravinder D. , Laxman Naik J. , Vijaya Kumar K. , Maramu N. , Katlakunta S.
Published: February 2021

Nano-ceramic of NiCrxFe2-xO4 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) ferrites were synthesized by citrate-gel auto combustion method. The structural parameter such as lattice parameter, X-ray density, bulk density and porosity variations with Cr doping were studied. The average crystallite size is in the range 8.5–10.5 nm. The surface morphology and elemental analysis was studied with SEM (EDAX) spectrum and the structural information analyzed with FTIR spectra. Magnetic properties were discussed with Cr3+ion concentration. Electrical parameters like dc resistivity and drift mobility were reported with function of temperature and dopent concentration from room temperature to well beyond Curie temperature and explained with hopping mechanism between Fe2+↔Fe3+ ions. The activation energies in ferri and para magnetic regions were investigated. Dielectric parameters like dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ac conductivity were investigated variation with frequency and composition.
Subcutaneous Adipose Stem Cells in Obesity: The Impact of Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Mocanu Veronica , V. Timofte Daniel , Hristov Ioana
Published: February 2021

Adipocyte expansion, which involves adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), is a critical process with implications in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance associated with obesity. Impaired subcutaneous adipogenesis leads to dysfunctional, hypertrophic adipocytes, chronic low-grade inflammation, and peripheric insulin resistance. Alternatively, it has also been proposed that the preservation of the functionality of subcutaneous adipocyte precursors could contribute to some obese individuals remaining metabolically healthy. Very few studies evaluated the changes in the adipogenic differentiation for human subcutaneous ASCs following bariatric surgery. Weight loss after bariatric surgery involves extensive remodeling of adipose tissue, comprising the hyperplasia-hypertrophy balance. Subcutaneous ASCs may be implicated in the variations of bariatric outcomes, through a different restoration in their proliferative and adipogenic potential. Weight loss induced by bariatric surgery correlates to the subcutaneous ASC functions and could explain the variability of metabolic improvement. Limited research data are available to the present and these data support the importance of diagnosis of subcutaneous ASCs functions as predictors of metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery.
Greenhouse Requirements for Soilless Crop Production: Challenges and Prospects for Plant Factories
Authors: Idris Muhammad Aliyu , Shitu Abubakar , Abdulbaki Danhassan Umar , Hilal Kabir Muhammad , Abubakar Tadda Musa , Muhammed Lawal Attanda
Published: February 2021

This chapter discussed the greenhouse requirement for soilless crop production. It further introduced soilless crop production and elucidated the equipment required for an efficient production system covering greenhouse environmental control and management of temperature, humidity, lighting, and nutrients using innovative strategies. Also, the energy required for the control of the greenhouse environmental conditions during the crop production cycle was explained. Identification and management of pests and diseases using wireless network sensors and the Internet of Things for efficient and safe food production were also highlighted. Finally, the challenges facing greenhouse crop production itemized, and the prospects of greenhouse technology for sustainable healthy food production were proposed.
Compound Cryptography for Internet of Things Based Industrial Automation
Authors: Prasath J.S.
Published: February 2021

Internet of things based industrial automation systems are widely used for process monitoring, and control applications. The security threats increase due to the internet is an open environment. This proposed work is the implementation of secure monitoring of plant information through the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. The modified asymmetric and hash algorithm is proposed which generates the large key size of 4096-bit and 512-bit respectively. This proposed security algorithm is implemented using the ARM Cortex A53 processor which performs data encryption and decryption. It provides authentication and integrity of process information across the internet. It achieves a data transfer rate of 300 Megabits per second and more than 95 percent efficiency. This proposed work can be applied for securing the internet-enabled industrial automation process and allows secure monitoring of plant information in remote areas. The security of sensitive process parameters is enhanced through the proposed large key size in asymmetric algorithms. This proposed security algorithm prevents the damage to industrial devices from unauthorized access and modification. It assures the smooth functioning of plant operations and also provides safety to plant operators.
Information Technology Value Engineering (ITVE)
Authors: Abdurrahman Lukman
Published: February 2021

Information Technology (IT) has been the main infrastructures in conducting businesses nowadays. IT had firstly emerged to automate business operations, in turn, IT has been able to make business operations more effective due to the nature of IT as a business enabler. Consequently, resource-based business efficiency is also the cornerstone of utilizing IT. Most recently, IT has become OTT (Over the Top), where IT is only the basic layer for conducting online business. In essence, the aforementioned estimations all still rely on qualitative estimates and are not yet based on quantitative estimates. This chapter wants to try to offer an IT value model whose value estimation can be done quantitatively using the Partial Adjustment Valuation (PAV) approach.
Synthesis of WO3 Nanostructures and Their Nanocomposites with Graphene Derivatives via Novel Chemical Approach
Authors: Hatel Rhizlane , Baitoul Mimouna
Published: February 2021

Trioxide Tungsten (WO3), an n-type semiconductor that exhibits a wide band gap of 2.5 to 3.6 eV, has attracted special attention from the scientific community. This attraction is due to its manifold properties, which not only follow the development of technologies, but accelerate it. There are several methods to synthesize WO3 nanostructures with various morphologies. In the present study, for the first time, a novel chemical method was developed for the preparation of WO3 nanostructures by using tungsten carbide (WC) as precursor. This novel approach has many advantages such as high yields, simple methodology and easy work up. Moreover, graphene oxide coated with WO3 nanostructured is prepared via in-situ and ex-situ chemical approaches followed by subsequent thermal treatment at 500°C. The obtained samples were characterized by different techniques to confirm the transformation of WC to WO3 nanostructures and the formation of their nanocomposites with graphene derivatives.
Location Selection for Smog Towers Using Zadeh’s Z-Numbers Integrated with WASPAS
Authors: Bharatraj Janani
Published: February 2021

Fuzzy sets have been extensively researched and results have been developed based on the extensions of fuzzy sets. In this chapter, fuzzy sets and its extensions are discussed. Z-numbers along with weighted sum product assessment method is used to obtain a feasible solution to the location selection problem for installation of smog towers in a densely populated locality. The degrees of freedom namely degree of membership, degree of non-membership and the degree of hesitancy have been expressed as Zadeh’s Z-number with probability quotient for the degrees. Further, ranking of the alternatives based on Z-numbers and WASPAS to allocate smog towers to residential areas stricken by air pollution.
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Authors: Mahajan Anukaran , Gupta Karunesh
Published: February 2021

Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) remains one of the most enigmatic tumors encountered by laryngotologists-head neck surgeons. Its origin at a particular age in a particular sex has intrigued many. Histopathologically benign, JNAs are locally aggressive tumors with tendency to cause massive recurrent nasal bleeds. While surgery remains the gold standard treatment, a paradigm shift from open approaches to endoscopic approach is noted. Recent advances in genomic testing, radiodiagnosis and endoscopic nasal surgeries allow us to manage these tumors more efficiently. Introduction of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic surgery, and interventional radiology (embolisation) has further helped in this cause. This chapter aims to give a brief overview of all these aspects related to JNA with the hope to initiate more ENT surgeons to contribute to further research on this benign but dangerous tumor.
Learning and Teaching Mathematics with Online Social Networks: The Case of Facebook
Authors: Biton Yaniv , Segal Ruti
Published: February 2021

We present here a study in which a digital-based communication platform is used for collaborative work in the learning and teaching processes. In this case, we focused on Facebook as the online social network to help motivate high-school students to become well prepared for their Bagrut (matriculation) exam in mathematics. To this end, the Center for Educational Technology (CET) established a “virtual review session” on Facebook before the exam in which 614 students and 16 teachers participated. We aimed to answer two questions: what learning and teaching opportunities can Facebook offer to prepare students for the mathematics matriculation exam? and how do students and teachers perceive learning processes via social networks? Our analysis was qualitative. The findings indicate that Facebook, for one, can offer excellent learning and teaching opportunities as a result of the interactions that evolve between the students themselves and between the students and teachers. For the students, this digital social platform helps promote peer evaluation, exposes them to a wide range of questions and solutions, and fosters the development of mathematical thinking and creativity. For the teachers, it helps expand their technological and pedagogical-mathematical knowledge.