bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active pulmonary tuberculosis: something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue
Authors: Wetscherek Maria T. A. , Sadler Timothy J. , Lee Janice Y. J. , Karia Sumit , Babar Judith L.
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis remains a major global health issue affecting all countries and age groups. Radiology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This review aims to improve understanding and diagnostic value of imaging in PTB. We present the old, well-established findings ranging from primary TB to the common appearances of post-primary TB, including dissemination with tree-in-bud nodularity, haematogenous dissemination with miliary nodules and lymphatic dissemination. We discuss new concepts in active PTB with special focus on imaging findings in immunocompromised individuals. We illustrate PTB appearances borrowed from other diseases in which the signs were initially described: the reversed halo sign, the galaxy sign and the cluster sign. There are several radiological signs that have been shown to correlate with positive or negative sputum smears, and radiologists should be aware of these signs as they play an important role in guiding the need for isolation and empirical anti-tuberculous therapy.
Droplet precautions on-site (DroPS) during the influenza season 2018/2019: a possible alternative to single room isolation for respiratory viral infections
Authors: Birrer Michèle , Perrig Martin , Hobi Fabienne , Gfeller Christina , Atkinson Andrew , Egger Martin , Bartholdi Corinne , Aujesky Drahomir , Marschall Jonas , Sommerstein Rami
Published: January 2022

Background

The guideline-driven and widely implemented single room isolation strategy for respiratory viral infections (RVI) such as influenza or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can lead to a shortage of available hospital beds. We discuss our experience with the introduction of droplet precautions on-site (DroPS) as a possible alternative.

Methods

During the 2018/19 influenza season we introduced DroPS on several wards of a single tertiary care center, while other wards maintained the traditional single room isolation strategy. On a daily basis, we evaluated patients for the development of respiratory symptoms and screened those with a clinical diagnosis of hospital-acquired respiratory viral infection (HARVI) for influenza/RSV by molecular rapid test. If negative, it was followed by a multiplex respiratory virus PCR. We report the concept of DroPS, the feasibility of the strategy and the rate of microbiologically confirmed HARVI with influenza or RSV infection on the DroPS wards compared to wards using the traditional single room isolation strategy.

Results

We evaluated all hospitalised patients at risk for a HARVI, 741 (72%) on the DroPS wards and 293 (28%) on the regular wards. The hospital-acquired infection rate with influenza or RSV was 2/741 (0.3%; 1× influenza A, 1× RSV) on the DroPS wards and 2/293 (0.7%; 2× influenza A) on the regular wards.

Conclusions

Droplet precautions on-site (DroPS) may be a simple and potentially resource-saving alternative to the standard single room isolation strategy for respiratory viral infections. Further studies in a larger clinical context are needed to document its safety.
Recent advances in systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Huajun , Zhang Wuyang , Jiang Longying , Chen Yongheng
Published: January 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and lethal malignant tumors in the world. Therapeutic options for advanced HCC are limited. Systemic treatment, especially with conventional cytotoxic drugs, is usually ineffective. For more than a decade, sorafenib has been the only systemic drug that has been proven to be clinically effective for treating advanced HCC. However, over the past three years, the rapid progress of molecular targeted therapies has dramatically changed the treatment landscape for advanced HCC. Immune checkpoint therapies are now being incorporated into HCC therapies, and their combination with molecular targeted therapy is emerging as a tool to enhance the immune response. In this review, we summarize the development and progress of molecular targeted agents and immunotherapies in HCC.
Detection of Martian dust storms using mask regional convolutional neural networks
Authors: Alshehhi Rasha , Gebhardt Claus
Published: January 2022

Martian dust plays a crucial role in the meteorology and climate of the Martian atmosphere. It heats the atmosphere, enhances the atmospheric general circulation, and affects spacecraft instruments and operations. Compliant with that, studying dust is also essential for future human exploration. In this work, we present a method for the deep-learning-based detection of the areal extent of dust storms in Mars satellite imagery. We use a mask regional convolutional neural network, consisting of a regional-proposal network and a mask network. We apply the detection method to Mars daily global maps of the Mars global surveyor, Mars orbiter camera. We use center coordinates of dust storms from the eight-year Mars dust activity database as ground-truth to train and validate the method. The performance of the regional network is evaluated by the average precision score with $$50\%$$

50
%

overlap ($$mAP_{50}$$

m
A

P
50

), which is around $$62.1\%$$

62.1
%

.
Epidemiology of Astrovirus, Norovirus and Sapovirus in Greek pig farms indicates high prevalence of Mamastrovirus suggesting the potential need for systematic surveillance
Authors: Stamelou Efthymia , Giantsis Ioannis A. , Papageorgiou Konstantinos V. , Petridou Evanthia , Davidson Irit , Polizopοulou Zoe S. , Papa Anna , Kritas Spyridon K.
Published: January 2022

Backround

Astrovirus, Norovirus and Sapovirus exhibit a wide distribution in swine pig herds worldwide. However, the association of porcine Astrovirus (PAstV), porcine Norovirus (PoNoV) and porcine Sapovirus (PoSaV) with disease in pigs remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PAstV, PoNoV and PoSaV in Greek pig farms using both conventional RT-PCR and SYBR-Green Real-time RT-PCR in an effort to compare the sensitivity of the two methods. We examined 1400 stool samples of asymptomatic pigs originating from 28 swine farms throughout Greece in pools of five.

Results

PAstV was detected in all 28 swine farms examined, with an overall prevalence of 267/280 positive pools (95.4%). Porcine Caliciviruses prevalence was found at 36 and 57 out of the 280 examined samples, by the conventional and SYBR-Green Real time RT-PCR, respectively. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the positive samples revealed that the detected PAstV sequences are clustered within PAstV1, 3 and 4 lineages, with PAstV3 being the predominant haplotype (91.2%). Interestingly, sequencing of the Calicivirus positive samples demonstrated the presence of non-target viruses, i.e. Sapovirus, Kobuvirus and Sapelovirus sequences and one sequence highly similar to bat Astrovirus, while no Norovirus sequence was detected.

Conclusions

The high prevalence of PAstV in Greek pig farms poses a necessity for further investigation of the pathogenicity of this virus and its inclusion in surveillance programs in case that it proves to be important. To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study of these viruses in pig farms in Greece.
In vitro response of THP-1 derived macrophages to antimicrobially effective PHMB-coated Ti6Al4V alloy implant material with and without contamination with
S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa
Authors: Zwicker Paula , Schmidt Thomas , Hornschuh Melanie , Lode Holger , Kramer Axel , Müller Gerald
Published: January 2022

Aim

Periprosthetic joint infections are a devastating complication after arthroplasty, leading to rejection of the prosthesis. The prevention of septic loosening may be possible by an antimicrobial coating of the implant surface. Poly (hexamethylene) biguanide hydrochloride [PHMB] seems to be a suitable antiseptic agent for this purpose since previous studies revealed a low cytotoxicity and a long-lasting microbicidal effect of Ti6Al4V alloy coated with PHMB. To preclude an excessive activation of the immune system, possible inflammatory effects on macrophages upon contact with PHMB-coated surfaces alone and after killing of
S. epidermidis
and
P. aeruginosa
are analyzed.

Methods

THP-1 monocytes were differentiated to M0 macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and seeded onto Ti6Al4V surfaces coated with various amounts of PHMB. Next to microscopic immunofluorescence analysis of labeled macrophages after adhesion on the coated surface, measurement of intracellular reactive oxygen species and analysis of cytokine secretion at different time points without and with previous bacterial contamination were conducted.

Results

No influence on morphology of macrophages and only slight increases in iROS generation were detected. The cytokine secretion pattern depends on the surface treatment procedure and the amount of adsorbed PHMB. The PHMB coating resulted in a high reduction of viable bacteria, resulting in no significant differences in cytokine secretion as reaction to coated surfaces with and without bacterial burden.

Conclusion

Ti6Al4V specimens after alkaline treatment followed by coating with 5–7 μg PHMB and specimens treated with H
2
O
2
before PHMB-coating (4 μg) had the smallest influence on the macrophage phienotype and thus are considered as the surface with the best cytocompatibility to macrophages tested in the present study.
Sexual Dimorphism in Small-intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Lower Prevalence of Mesenteric Disease in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Blažević Anela , Iyer Anand M , van Velthuysen Marie-Louise F , Hofland Johannes , Oudijk Lindsey , de Herder Wouter W , Hofland Leo J , Feelders Richard A
Published: January 2022

Context

Small-intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) have a modest but significantly higher prevalence and worse prognosis in male patients.

Objective

This work aims to increase understanding of this sexual dimorphism in SI-NETs.

Patients and Methods

Retrospectively, SI-NET patients treated in a single tertiary center were included and analyzed for disease characteristics. Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and 2 (ESR2), progesterone receptor (PGR), and androgen receptor (AR) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was assessed in primary tumors and healthy intestine. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and AR protein expression were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in primary tumors and mesenteric metastases.

Results

Of the 559 patients, 47% were female. Mesenteric metastasis/fibrosis was more prevalent in men (71% / 46%) than women (58% / 37%; P = 0.001 and P = 0.027, respectively). In women, prevalence of mesenteric metastases increased gradually with age from 41.1% in women <50 years to 71.7% in women >70 years. Increased expression of ESR1 and AR mRNA was observed in primary tumors compared to healthy intestine (both P < 0.001). ERα staining was observed in tumor cells and stroma with a strong correlation between tumor cells of primary tumors and mesenteric metastases (rho = 0.831, P = 0.02), but not in stroma (rho = −0.037, P = 0.91). AR expression was only found in stroma.

Conclusion

Sexual dimorphism in SI-NETs was most pronounced in mesenteric disease, and the risk of mesenteric metastasis in women increased around menopause. The combination of increased ERα and AR expression in the SI-NET microenvironment suggests a modulating role of sex steroids in the development of the characteristic SI-NET mesenteric metastasis and associated fibrosis.
Inflammation and Mortality in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Guo Jia , Lin Wen-Hsuan W , Zucker Jason E , Nandakumar Renu , Uhlemann Anne-Catrin , Wang Shuang , Shivakoti Rupak
Published: January 2022

Context

COVID-19 mortality is increased in patients with diabetes. A common hypothesis is that the relationship of inflammation with COVID-19 mortality differs by diabetes status.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of inflammation with mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients and to assess if the relationship differs by strata of type 2 diabetes status.

Methods

A case-control (died-survived) study of 538 COVID-19 hospitalized patients, stratified by diabetes status, was conducted at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. We quantified the levels of 8 cytokines and chemokines in serum, including interferon (IFN)-α2, IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IFNγ-induced protein 10 (IP10)/CXCL10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) using immunoassays. Logistic regression models were used to model the relationships of log-transformed inflammatory markers (or their principal components) and mortality.

Results

In multiple logistic regression models, higher serum levels of IL-6 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:1.74, 95% CI [1.48, 2.06]), IL-8 (aOR: 1.75 [1.41, 2.19]) and IP10 (aOR: 1.36 [1.24, 1.51]), were significantly associated with mortality. This association was also seen in second principal component with loadings reflecting similarities among these 3 markers (aOR: 1.88 [1.54-2.31]). Significant positive association of these same inflammatory markers with mortality was also observed within each strata of diabetes.

Conclusion

We show that mortality in COVID-19 patients is associated with elevated serum levels of innate inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and inflammatory chemokines IL-8 and IP10. This relationship is consistent across strata of diabetes, suggesting interventions targeting these innate immune pathways could potentially also benefit patients with diabetes.
Comprehensive Sex Steroid Profiling in Multiple Tissues Reveals Novel Insights in Sex Steroid Distribution in Male Mice
Authors: Colldén Hannah , Nilsson Maria E , Norlén Anna-Karin , Landin Andreas , Windahl Sara H , Wu Jianyao , Gustafsson Karin L , Poutanen Matti , Ryberg Henrik , Vandenput Liesbeth , Ohlsson Claes
Published: January 2022

A comprehensive atlas of sex steroid distribution in multiple tissues is currently lacking, and how circulating and tissue sex steroid levels correlate remains unknown. Here, we adapted and validated a gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous measurement of testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), androstenedione, progesterone (Prog), estradiol, and estrone in mouse tissues. We then mapped the sex steroid pattern in 10 different endocrine, reproductive, and major body compartment tissues and serum of gonadal intact and orchiectomized (ORX) male mice. In gonadal intact males, high levels of DHT were observed in reproductive tissues, but also in white adipose tissue (WAT). A major part of the total body reservoir of androgens (T and DHT) and Prog was found in WAT. Serum levels of androgens and Prog were strongly correlated with corresponding levels in the brain while only modestly correlated with corresponding levels in WAT. After orchiectomy, the levels of the active androgens T and DHT decreased markedly while Prog levels in male reproductive tissues increased slightly. In ORX mice, Prog was by far the most abundant sex steroid, and, again, WAT constituted the major reservoir of Prog in the body. In conclusion, we present a comprehensive atlas of tissue and serum concentrations of sex hormones in male mice, revealing novel insights in sex steroid distribution. Brain sex steroid levels are well reflected by serum levels and WAT constitutes a large reservoir of sex steroids in male mice. In addition, Prog is the most abundant sex hormone in ORX mice.
How do policy transfer mechanisms influence policy outcomes in the context of authoritarianism in Vietnam?
Authors: Duong Hang
Published: January 2022

The literature on policy transfer shows that it may result in simultaneous policy convergence and policy divergence. However, little is known about how such results happen when transferring from multiple and possibly contrasting sources. This study finds that civil service reforms in Vietnam’s merit-based policies are influenced by both western and Asian models of meritocracy. This makes them both closer to universal ‘best practices’ and at the same time sharpens the distinctiveness of Vietnam’s policy. The calculations of political actors in combination with the context of a one-party authoritarian state have led to policy transfer through mechanisms of translation and assemblage which brings about a hybrid of convergence and divergence. This study enhances understanding of policy transfer in the context of Asian authoritarianism. In finding hybridity in transfer outcomes in this national context, the article shows the uniqueness of resultant policy change and develops an analytical framework for the influence of policy transfer on policy outcomes.
Stakeholder perceptions to support Jurassic Park project as a future wildlife tourism
Authors: Choirisa Septi Fahmi , Purnomo Edi , Harianto Anton
Published: January 2022

Tourism in protected areas contributes to the financial sustainability of its sites. It has a positive impact on a stakeholder within and beyond the destinations through effective and efficient benefit-sharing. This study examine the environmental attitudes, community attachment, economic gain, and community involvement that will impact to the stakeholder perceptions to revitalization project in Komodo National Park, Indonesia. In the context of protected areas of World Heritage Sites by UNESCO, this project related to the extensive tourism infrastructure development from nature-based tourism to a new project of Jurassic Park. The concerns regarding the stakeholders’ support may have on expectations for tourism development. This research use the Social Exchange Theory (SET) and Weber’s Theory of Substantive and Formal Rationality (WTSFR) with a quantitative approach. A total of 182 questionnaires with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) were applied. Finding provides that stakeholder perceptions play a significant role as a mediator in shaping the relationship between each of variables to support tourism development. Ultimately, this study paves the way for improving normative practices toward Sustainability and offers practical solutions to the challenges the government and non-government organizations face to protect the endangered species, society, and the environment.
Modelling consumer perceptions of green products, purchasing behaviour and loyalty
Authors: Chikosha Felix , Potwana N
Published: January 2022

Green products have gained prominence on the market largely due to their perceived benefits of environmental sustainability. In view of the growth in influence of green products, the objectives of the study were to determine the impact of product quality on purchase intention for green products; to determine the impact of product quality on purchase intention of green products; to ascertain the influence of environmental concerns on purchase intention for green products; to establish the influence of situations affecting green product purchase on purchase intentions for green products; to establish the impact of preference for green products on purchase intention and to assess the impact of purchase intention on re-purchase intention of green products. To establish these facts the study adopted a quantitative methodology, which made use of a self-reporting questionnaire that was administered to consumer households in parts of Zimbabwe as the target population. The 497 responses received were accepted as the sample size of this study. Data collected was captured and analysed on SPSS (v22.0) and AMOS (v24.0) to yield descriptive and inferential statistics. Structural Equation Modelling was then used to provide estimates of the strength of all the hypothesised relationships. The key findings of the study were that green purchase intention was significantly and positively influenced by product quality, environmental concern, preference for green products, environmental responsibility and selection attributes, but not by situations affecting purchase behaviour. It was also found that purchase intention had a strong correlation with re-purchase intention. We thus propose that marketers need to formulate and implement green marketing strategies to improve consumer perceptions of green products. We also suggest that marketers should drop deceptive marketing practices that cause consumers to be skeptical about green products.
Comparative study: International chain and local chain hotel COVID-19 readiness strategies in Indonesia
Authors: Alexandra Yoanita , Purnamaningsih Purnamaningsih , Choirisa Septi Fahmi
Published: January 2022

The global hospitality and tourism industry has been severely impacted by the spread of COVID-19 and large-scale travel restrictions. Due to the nature of the crisis of COVID-19, Hotel businesses in Indonesia need to adapting many new strategies in response to the evolving circumstances. This study presents a comparative coronavirus readiness strategy at International Chain Hotel and Local Hotel in Indonesia and their impacts on hotel guests’ trust and satisfaction. The study used quantitative approaches by using an online survey to obtain data from a total of 400 participants.  The data were collected from respondents that have been stayed in both the International Chain hotel or Local Chain Hotel in Indonesia during pandemics. The data collected is analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS statistical software. The findings from this dataset show that both local and international hotel readiness had a significant effect on customer trust and satisfaction with COVID-19 readiness in the hotel industry.
Impact of logistics information systems on supply chain optimization: Case of Group Bachir Rachid
Authors: Belkacem Bouzida Ismahane , Merzoug Slimane
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to check the contribution of Logistics Information Systems – LIS to supply chain optimization in the steel industry group of Bachir Rachid. This group that owns eight independent companies and numerous points of sale and warehouses, has to be connected by such advanced systems to ensure effectiveness and profitability.
Methodology: A questionnaire was distributed among a group of employees, and the collected data was later analyzed by SPSS 25 and complemented by further structured and unstructured interviews. We have realized an analysis of variance to evaluate the impact of LIS on logistics activities, supply chain management, and integration as well as optimization. The test of Kruskal-Wallis H was chosen due to the non-linearity of the data.
Results: This work proves that Logistics Information Systems contribute to the performance of logistics activities, supply chain integration, and supply chain optimization through the enhancement of the efficiency of supply chain management and by the reduction of supply chain costs.
The theoretical contribution: The contribution made to the theory of logistics and supply chain management lies in confirming previous findings on the contribution of LIS to logistics and supply chain optimization in Algeria, and more specifically, in the steel industry.
Spatial and temporal dimensions of container traffic in Nigerian seaports
Authors: Ikeogu Christopher , Ikeogu Vivian Ngozi , Chukwu Oluchi Ebere
Published: January 2022

Generally speaking, cargo demand traffic forecasts are needed tools to rationalize the investment decisions in ports. However, little studies have been carried out in determining the magnitude of container cargo traffic at Nigerian ports, this creates a lacuna that needs to be filled up. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the spatial and temporal dimensions of container traffic in Nigerian seaports from 1990 to 2017. The study uses a survey design and employed descriptive and multivariate statistics to analyze the data. It demonstrates that Nigeria imports lots of commodities in containers than it exports in containers because most of the country’s exports are crude oil and non-containerized goods. Thus, the reason for traffic congestion at the ports and the high cost paid by Nigerian shippers for imported containerized cargo. The study further showed that both imported and exported container traffic had a positive trend in the time series. From the findings, we have shown the need for understanding the magnitude of container traffic at the ports as it helps Ports Authorities in operational decisions regarding port capacity utilization.
Customs duties due to COVID-19 extra shipping costs. A force majeure?
Authors: Wagner Omer
Published: January 2022

Sea freight prices have risen sharply due to the COVID-19 crisis, global shortages of ships, declining competition in the field, and containers of contagious demand. In Israel, the value for customs purposes includes the transportation costs, as in Singapore and the majority of the states. On the contrary, the United States, Australia and New Zealand, have chosen to exclude transportation costs for customs value purposes. Therefore, the increase in transportation costs leads to the increase in the value of goods for customs purposes. This increase lead to an additional collection of customs duties in Israel. The Israeli Law allows the state to facilitate importers and waive the extra customs duties, and similar and other facilitations have been made in the past, for example, in a war or strike situation. Therefore, all that is required is the flexibility and activation of goodwill on the part of the State when interpreting the Law to relieve the importers from extra duties caused by the COVID-19 crisis.
REGIONAL DOLLARIZATION DIFFERENCES AND DETERMINANTS: THE CASE OF TURKEY
Authors: AKTAŞ Ramazan , AYDINLIK Ümit
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the determinants of deposit dollarization within 81 cities of Turkey for the period of 2007:Q4 – 2019:Q1. Within this scope, exchange rate, CDS premiums, city inflation, city export and import are used to model deposit dollarization. As an econometric approach both fixed and random effect panel data methods are implemented using relevant libraries in Python programming language to measure the impact of independent variables. As a result, all independent variables have statistically significant and positive effect on deposit dollarization within cities. When evaluated according to the effect sizes, inflation, import, export, exchange rate and CDS premiums are considered to be determinant, respectively, on deposit dollarization in Turkish cities. On the other hand, when the two models are tested with the Hausman test, which has a null hypothesis “random effect estimator is true”, it is concluded that the random effect model is more suitable for our model. In addition, to see if citizens living abroad that have registered in the cities have an impact on the dollarization, Pearson correlation is conducted and it is found that there is relatively strong correlation between the number of expatriate citizens and deposit dollarization in the city.
Effect and mechanism of different excitation modes on the activities of the recycled brick micropowder
Authors: Yuan Chengfang , Wang Di , Setiawan Haris , Wei Yiran
Published: January 2022

The recycled brick micropowder was formed after crushing and ball milling and waste clay bricks have great potential activity. It can replace some percentage of cement in the preparation of concrete through activation effects of excitation, and thus, reutilization of waste products is the objective of this study. This study analyzed the activation effects of mechanical excitation, chemical excitation, and high-temperature excitation on the activity of regenerated brick powder. The correlation between different excitation methods and the activity index was fitted, and the microstructure and mechanism of action of the material were analyzed and revealed using SEM and XRD techniques. The results show that after using mechanical excitation, chemical excitation, and high-temperature excitation to activate the brick powder, the activity index of the material was improved to varying degrees, and there is a good correlation between different excitation modes and the activity index. The study shows that the 45 min mechanical excitation of ball milling and the high-temperature excitation of 800 have better effects, with the highest activity index reaching 71%, and the highest activity index in the chemical excitation mode is 65%. Considering the excitation effect, energy consumption, economy, and practical operation feasibility, it is recommended to use the ball milling 45 min excitation method as the best activation method for the recycled brick micropowder.
Latent tuberculosis and COVID-19 disease
Authors:   Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL, USA, Sekaran Sruthi , Jagani Ravi Pankajbhai ,   Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL, USA, Waleed Madeeha Subhan ,   Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL, USA, Celi Claudia Samanta Villa ,   Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL, USA, Marzban Sima ,   Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Larkin Health System, Miami, Florida, USA
Published: January 2022

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, there has been chaos in the world. With the COVID-19 cases rising, many other medical diseases have been ignored and not prioritized. One of these crucial diseases is Tuberculosis (TB). TB is a highly infectious bacterial respiratory disease. Every year there are millions of cases that are registered all around the world. TB is seen in two forms, an active and a latent form. In both of the states, the individual with TB is immunocompromised. This is of great importance, as COVID-19 is known to readily infect individuals in an immunocompromised state more than those with a healthy immune system. Although a little investigation about coexisting infections with COVID-19 and TB is conducted, it is important to consider many factors that can be beneficial to help treat these patients with both conditions effectively and promptly. A few of these factors are pathophysiological relation, diagnostic measurements, effects of each condition on the other, and approaches to treatment. Through a literature review of available information, we summarized the knowledge regarding the correlation between Latent TB infection and COVID-19 infection. The main objective of this publication is to provide a brief overview of how the two conditions overlap with one another. The article also provides a clinical review of how to approach these two conditions in a scenario where an individual is found to be infected with both Latent TB and COVID-19.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ VE TÜRKİYE ARASINDA DÜZENSİZ GÖÇ SÜRECİNDE MALİ YARDIM PROGRAMININ TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET AÇISINDAN ANALİZİ
Authors: ASLANPAY ÖZDEMİR Esin
Published: January 2022

Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği (AB) arasında neredeyse 2010 yılından bu yana düzensiz göç sorunu yaşanmaktadır. Bu sorun, Türkiye’den AB ülkelerine doğru yasal olmayan girişlerin hızla artması ile “kriz” e dönüşmüştür. Türkiye'nin coğrafi konumu, göçmenler için AB ülkelerine geçiş ülkesi haline gelmesine yol açmaktadır. Bu durum, son on yılda Türkiye'ye neredeyse hiçbir ülkenin karşılaşmadığı yoğun göç akışlarına yol açmıştır. Özellikle Suriye’den gelenler olmak üzere Türkiye’de farklı statülerde bulunan göçmenlerin önemli bir kısmı kadın ve çocuklardan oluşmaktadır. Bu durum, düzensiz göçün bütüncül olarak ele alınması için toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Birleşmiş Milletler ve AB'nin bu konuda aldığı önlemler, Türkiye’deki göçmen sayısı ve bazı bölgelerdeki yoğunluğu nedeniyle yeterli olmamaktadır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti, bu ani ve düzensiz göçü yönetmeye çalışmakta; bunun yanında ağır mali ve sosyal yüklerle de baş etmektedir. Türkiye ve AB arasında geliştirilen mali yardım programları ve projeleri kapsamında, Türkiye'deki Mülteciler için Mali Yardım Aracı (FRIT) geliştirilmiş ve uygulamaya koyulmuştur. Bu çalışma, FRIT çerçevesinde toplumsal cinsiyet temelli bakış açısının unsurları ile uygulamaya ilişkin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri irdelemektedir. Araştırma sonuçları, FRIT kapsamında “kadın ve kız çocuklarının insan haklarının desteklenmesi, korunması ve sağlanması, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği ile kadınların ve kız çocuklarının güçlendirilmesi” gibi konularda daha fazla çabaya ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.
MÜLTECİLERİN DİL SORUNU: İZMİR’DE YAŞAYAN SURİYELİ MÜLTECİ ÇOCUKLARIN TÜRKÇE İFADE EDİCİ DİL BECERİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GANİ Büşra Nur , KURUOĞLU Gülmira
Published: January 2022

Göçle gelen mültecilerin birçok sorunları olmaktadır. Bunlardan en önemlisi de iletişim, yani dil sorunudur. Göç ettikleri ülkenin dilini bilmek, mülteciler için iş bulabilmek, eğitimlerine devam edebilmek, hayatlarını daha düzenli bir şekilde sürdürmek demektir. Son yıllarda Türkiye’ye göç etmek zorunda kalan Suriyelilerin ülkemizdeki hayata uyum sağlamaları için pek çok çalışma yürütülmektedir. Zorunlu eğitim çağındaki Suriyeli çocuklara eğitim öğretim fırsatlarının sağlanması, her yaştan Türkçe öğrenmek isteyenlere yönelik Türkçe kurslarının açılması bu çalışmalardan bazılarıdır. İzmir’deki Suriyeli çocukların Türkçe ifade edici dil becerilerini ölçmek ve değerlendirmek amacıyla yaptığımız çalışma, Buca ilçesinde milli eğitim bakanlığına bağlı resmi ortaokullarda eğitim görmekte olan 8. sınıf düzeyindeki 14 Suriyeli çocuğu kapsamaktadır. Çalışma nitel bir yöntem olan derinlemesine görüşme yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen konuşmalar yanlış çözümlemesi yaklaşımına göre dil bilimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların, konuşma sırasında yaptıkları sesbilimsel, biçimbilimsel, anlambilimsel ve sözdizimsel yanlışlar tespit edilip yorumlanmıştır. Buna göre en çok tespit edilen yanlış %76, 78 ile ses bilimsel yanlışlardır. Onu %17, 36 ile biçim bilimsel yanlışlar, %4, 03 ile söz dizimsel yanlışlar ve %1, 81 ile anlam bilimsel yanlışlar takip etmiştir. Bu çalışmayla Suriyeli mülteci çocukların Türkçe konuşma becerilerinin yanlış çözümlemesi yaklaşımıyla değerlendirilmesi bakımından önemli bir boşluğun doldurulması ve Türkçe öğreticilerinin öğretim süreçlerine ışık tutulması hedeflenmiştir.
Vertical Electrical Sounding Exploration of Groundwater in Kertajati, Majalengka, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Gumilar Utamas , CSSSA Boy Yoseph , Nur Andi Agus , Pranantya Pulung Arya , Handayani Lina , Lubis Rachmat Fajar , Bakti Hendra
Published: January 2022

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.359-369Continuously increasing population and progressive infrastructural development in the region of Kertajati International Airport, Indonesia, emphasize the need to develop a sustainable water supply network. Airport facilities require sufficient water resources, which can be obtained from surface water and groundwater. Groundwater exploration can provide necessary information for assessing water resources. The purpose of this study is to analyze the configuration of aquifers in the studied area. A Schlumberger array was used to carry out twelve vertical electrical soundings (VES) with AB/2 electrode spacing ranging from 1.5 m to 150 m. IPI2win software was used to qualitatively interpret the VES results and it suggested the presence of three distinct lithological units interpreted as clay, alluvial sand, and a Lower Quaternary formation. In general, resistivity values in the studied area can be divided into five resistivity categories: very low resistivity with values ranging from 1 Ωm to 10 Ωm, low resistivity with values ranging from 10 Ωm to 50 Ωm, medium resistivity with values ranging from 50 Ωm to 100 Ωm, high resistivity with values ranging from 100 Ωm to 200 Ωm, and very high resistivity with values > 200 Ωm. The geo-electric interpretation revealed three geo-electric layers: topsoil (1 - 144 Ω m), sand (1 - 298 Ω m), and clay (1 - 82 Ω m). Aquifers in the studied area are lithologically composed of sand. Clay is the dominant lithology in the studied area, so the presence of aquifers in this area is very limited, and thus the supply of groundwater is also limited. The exploitation of groundwater must be limited and controlled to maintain the sustainability of groundwater in the studied area.
Implementation of Seismic Ground Response Analysis in Estimating Liquefaction Potential in Northern Thailand
Authors: Mase Lindung Zalbuin , Likitlersuang Suched
Published: January 2022

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.371-383It has been known that northern Thailand is an active tectonic region in Southeast Asia. Some earthquakes with low to medium magnitudes had occurred in northern Thailand. The Mw6.1 Mae Lao Earthquake occurred on May 5th, 2014 in Chiang Rai Province. The earthquake also resulted in the unique phenomenon of ground failure, which was known as liquefaction. Learning from the event, the liquefaction potential based on seismic ground response analysis was performed. Several site investigations including standard penetration test and seismic down-hole test in Chiang Rai Province were carried out. The next generation attenuation model was conducted to generate the ground motion for nonlinear seismic response analysis. The peak ground acceleration at the ground surface from seismic ground response analysis was used to analyze the empirical analysis of liquefaction potential. The results show that liquefaction could occur at the investigated locations during the earthquake. The results also confirm the liquefaction evidence found in Chiang Rai Province during the Mw 6.1 Mae Lao Earthquake. This research can help the people to consider the earthquake impacts to northern Thailand.
Characterization of Reservoir Rocks of X Gas Field, Surma Basin, Bangladesh
Authors: Parvin Afroza , Rahman Md Jamilur , Samad Abdus , Woobaidullah A.S.M.
Published: January 2022

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.417-426This paper deals with the rock physical analysis of primary reservoir rocks in the X gas field, which includes identifying the transition zone between mechanical and chemical compaction zones and the amount of cement in the reservoir rock. The analysis is performed by plotting different log data (Gamma-ray, density, neutron porosity, and sonic log) against depth, constructing the cross plot, and plotting of sonic and porosity logs with cement model. The transition zone, which is the boundary between mechanical and chemical compactions, indicates a sharp increase in density and a decrease in porosity with no lithological change at 2,576 m depth (Well-2). Among three gas sands, the upper gas sand and upper part of the middle gas sand are located within the mechanical compaction zone. The lower parts of the middle gas sand and lower gas sand are within the chemical compaction zone. Cement model analysis showed that the upper gas sand and upper part of the middle gas are composed of unconsolidated sand. In contrast, the lower part of middle gas sand and lower gas sand comprise of consolidated sand, having almost 2% contact cement.
Documentation, Analysis and Reconstruction of the Paleo-landuse of Wadi Musa with Special Reference to the Nabataean Period: A Geomatic Study based on Archaeological Evidence
Authors: Al Farajat Mohammmad , Twaissi Saad , Al Hasanat Mahmoud B , Al-Rawabdeh Abdulla , Al Falahat Hani , Hijazeen Emad , Al Eide Ekhlas
Published: January 2022

DOI:10.17014/ijog.8.3.427-441Archaeologists and historians throughout time have relied mainly on textual, architectural, and art-historical analyses to understand the historical context of civilizations. This traditional approach has been challenged, however, by the current new practices in archaeological studies, which tend to rely on more scientific methods (e.g. information systems) to understand the wider context of the socio-cultural aspects of past societies. For example, the Nabataean studies, which for more than seventeen decades after the rediscovery of Petra in 1812, are based on the art historical analysis of the rock-cut facades of the the city of Petra. The wider story of the socio-cultural, political, and economic aspects of the Nabataean culture is still not well understood. Just recently archaeological research was undertaken to improve the understanding of the Nabaatean phenomenon from outside Petra. This paper discusses this new attempt to investigate the spatial organization and land use of Wadi Musa during the Nabataean period based on GIS analysis and new archaeological discoveries. Utilizing GIS in discovering historical phenomena provides a new perspective for analysis, whereby structures are treated not as individual archaeological items but rather as a system. This paper also presents a case study that demonstrates the significance of using GIS for historical research by shedding light on the temporal variation of Wadi Musa settlements with special focus on the paleo-landuse of the Nabatean period. The resulting reconstructed map indicates that Wadi Musa was well planned with special zones for elite residents, industry, rural communities, and agriculture. Social segregation/stratification is also well indicated in the plan of the city. The reconstructed map indicates that the strategy for Nabataean land use for Wadi Musa was to use it as a green zone around the city of Gaia.
[RETRACTED] What Is Keto Strong XP? v1
Authors: not provided ketostrongxps
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

https://www.mynewsdesk.com/iexponet/pressreleases/keto-strong-xp-reviews-2022-keto-strong-xp-in-canada-and-usa-new-and-effective-pills-3154079
[RETRACTED] Botanical Farms CBD Gummies Reviews v1
Authors: not provided jhudson
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

Botanical Farms CBD Gummies are convenient and very easy to use with the formula that supports the overall bodily wellbeing. It is an organic and effective supplement that is the best for the health of the users.
Информационное пространство направления научных исследований «Культура и технологии»
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Борисов Н.В. , Прокудин Д.Е. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет,   Университет ИТМО
Published: January 2022

Современное информационное общество через процессы информатизации оказывает влияние на развитие культуры как одного из основных пространств существования человека и общества, что приводит как к появлению новых культурных практик, основанных на применении информационно-коммуникационных технологий, так и превращению этих технологий в новые инструменты освоения культуры, ее сохранения и передачи новым поколениям. Многообразие процессов информатизации в культурной сфере отражается и на попытках научно их осмыслить, привлекая к этой проблематике представителей академической среды, культуры, творческих профессий, а также разработчиков новых технологий, направленных на применение в пространстве культуры. В данной статье анализируются основные направления научных исследований в области культуры и технологий, а также выявляется информационное пространство этих исследований.
Формирование современных информационных идеалов
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Дриккер А.С. , Маковецкий Е.А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет
Published: January 2022

Сегодняшний идеал передовой прогрессивной культуры – это информационный идеал, который пропагандирует будущее «общество знания». Построение информационного общества обозначено как одна из главных целей в конституциях ряда стран. Однако анализ постиндустриальной культуры глобального мира не позволяет обнаружить убедительные признаки прокламируемого будущего, скорее он обнаруживает очевидные расхождения деклараций и реальности. Базовая ценность компьютеризированного мира – не знание, а всё та же собственность, обретение которой теперь непосредственно связано с интеграцией в системы манипулирования информацией, определяющей течение массовых процессов. Ошибочная трактовка актуальных тенденций — следствие редукции, в ходе которой информация и знание рассматриваются как синонимы. Не количество информации определяет восходящую эволюцию, но значимая информация (Винер), которая и трансформируется в знание. Эффективный прогноз не может строиться преимущественно на технологической базе, эволюция культуры есть результат совокупности социальных, психологических и технологических процессов. В то же время информационные технологии стоят особняком: если орудия, механизмы первично воздействовали на окружающую среду и порождали перемены социальные, то цифровые технологии способны влиять непосредственно на сознание, на человека. На современном уровне прогресса ИКТ создают предпосылки для смены приоритетов социальных на индивидуальные, для того чтобы открыть за животными, общественными потребностями (удовлетворение которых обеспечивали технологии традиционного и индустриального общества) истинно человеческие потребности. Распространение компьютера, глобальных сетей, виртуальных расширений можно увидеть как окончание ледникового периода. Новые цифровые «климатические» культурные условия открывают путь к недостижимому пока самопознанию. А вот на горизонтах этого самопознания появляется вожделенное общество знания.
Factors Affecting the Financing of Small and Medium Sized Real Estate Enterprises
Authors: Zhang Chang
Published: January 2022

Under the role of private capital in financial services, can shadow banking play a positive role in the development of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises. Based on this thinking, this paper puts forward the role of shadow banking in the financing process of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises. Through the analysis and demonstration of AHP model, it quantifies the key factors of small and medium-sized real estate enterprises in the four financing schemes of trust, REITs, financing guarantee and private financial system, and extracts the key factors as the comparison items. The financing suggestions for small and medium-sized real estate enterprises mainly focus on making financing decisions according to the consistency of their own financing objectives and enterprise life cycle, and under the guidance of relevant policies and measures of the State Council and other countries, timely make financing plans based on the principle of low financing cost, so as to realize the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Influence of Sport Motivation on Sport Mental Fatigue: Mediating Effect of Coping Style
Authors: Jingyi Xie, Hao Zhang Li Zhang,
Published: January 2022

In order to explore the relationship between sport motivation sport mental fatigue, as well as the mediating effect of coping style, a sample of 523 active athletes were recruited to complete sport motivation questionnaire, sport mental fatigue questionnaire and coping inventory for competitive sports. The result indicated that sport motivation negatively predicted the sport mental fatigue. Coping style partially mediated the relationship between sport motivation and sport mental fatigue. The mediating effect accounted for 65% of total effect. Sport motivation and coping style explain the 35% variation of sport mental fatigue. The harm effect of sport mental fatigue on sport motivation could be reduced while the coping style could be improved.