bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Iron to Sapphire: Indian Myths and Rituals about Saturn, the Implacable Lord of Celestial Spheres
Authors: Marchetto Monia , Hoefer Manuel Martin
Published: February 2022

According to the culture of the Indian Subcontinent, everything shining above (in the sky) throws its reflection below (upon the earth). The present study will deal with the frightful Saturn, the planet (graha) which is the embodiment of time (kāla). As stated by classic astronomy and astrology (jyotiṣa), its orbit is the most external; this makes it the slowest among the planets and thus the archetype of time, passing inexorably. Astronomical and mythological aspects of this figure will be outlined through exegeses of the main textual sources and analyses of oral popular beliefs. The paper will investigate its special relation with a particular mineral, the iron and a precious stone, the blue sapphire; both elements are very relevant in different functions of Saturn. From the religious prospective, this planet is a powerful deity related to many aspects of Indian life. Saturn is feared and worshiped at the same time. Different places of the sacred geography of India are devoted to rituals whose final aim is to pacify this deity, to cast away his implacable glance and to ensure his benevolence upon many kinds of sentient beings. Specific texts (śāstra, saṃhitā, paddhati) describe the elements constituting the paraphernalia and settle the rules and timing of the rituals. Some aspects of this same figure in countries connected to Indian traditions will be mentioned at the end of the present paper.
Archaeoastronomy at the Villa de Leiva Archaeological Site, A Reinterpretation
Authors: Sánchez H. Natalia
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a study of the Villa de Leiva archaeological site in Colombia commonly known as El Infiernito, from an archaeoastronomical perspective, with efforts to incorporate only reliable positions of the stones found in the site. While the site has been archaeoastronomically researched in the past, the present research analyses the site’s larger monoliths, which have not been analysed before, and suggests new sociocultural interpretations of those stones that have been studied previously. Referring to cultural similarities between contemporary indigenous groups and the Herrera and Muisca cultures that previously occupied the site, it is suggested that the orientation of the 25 in situ columns and the big monoliths of the southern field could be related to the midpoint between solstices, known in skyscape archaeology as the spatial equinox. Religious beliefs and rituals, fertility celebrations, agriculture and climate are key factors that contribute to the understanding of this solar alignment.
Efrosyni Boutsikas, Stephen C. McCluskey and John Steele (eds), Advancing Cultural Astronomy: Studies In Honour of Clive Ruggles
Authors: Henty Liz
Published: February 2022

Efrosyni Boutsikas, Stephen C. McCluskey and John Steele (eds), Advancing Cultural Astronomy: Studies In Honour of Clive Ruggles Springer International Publishing, 2021. Hardback 319 pages, illustrated, ISBN: 978-3-030-64605-9. £109.99; eBook 978-3-030-64606-6. £87.50.
Pełne zatrudnienie – porzucona idea i jej odrodzenie
Authors:   dr hab., Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Polska, Grzybek Dariusz
Published: February 2022

This article deals with the recovery of the idea of full employment. Its principal aim is to gather evidence that this idea has new functions in the present social context and that the main problems of the full employment policy have reasonably well founded solutions. The method of this text is to analyse the social meaning of economic theories. In every analysis of full employment, the politics of inflation pressure seems to be the main and unresolved problem. This pressure is biggest as the economy nears full employment. The first proponents of full employment policies, including W. H. Beveridge and A. P. Lerner, knew this problem very well. Contemporary followers of full employment policies also endorse the Lernerian concept of functional finance. However, they recommend an institutional change and reject the Keynesian discretionary macroeconomic policy. Their proposition is the Job Guarantee Programme: employing all of the willing people without a job in the public sector and paying them a universal decent wage. The job guarantee is an old idea in a new form and a new context. In times of economic decline, a Job Guarantee Programme delivers a more egalitarian organisation of society and a greater level of equality instead of doubtful prospects for economic growth.
Termodynamika zwornikiem spójnego systemu ekonomicznego
Authors:   prof. dr hab., Katedra Rachunkowości, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Polska, Dobija Mieczysław , Renkas Jurij ,   dr, Katedra Rachunkowości, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Polska
Published: February 2022

The science of economics lacks an unambiguously strict theory of basic categories, which produces the effect of the inconsistency of the whole theory. This state of affairs is a consequence of the ambiguity of basic terms such as capital, labour, value, money, and consumption. This situation may be positively altered by the inclusion of the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, these include the principle that capital does not arise from nothing and the famous second principle, according to which capital and value are subject to spontaneous, random dispersion. These assumptions made it possible to develop a model of capital and then a theory of human capital measurement. Outlining the framework of a coherent economic theory that incorporates thermodynamic concepts as foundational principles is the main objective of this article. The consistent use of thermodynamics made it possible to reinterpret the system of basic concepts, as well as to solve cognitive problems in the field of capital and labour theory and sources of profit. The strict definition and revelation of the economic fundamentals makes it possible to develop empirical research in the field of human capital and fair wages for labour. The results of the presented empirical research indicate the consistency of the presented theories.
O ensino hibrido na universidade e o lugar de enunciação do professor na formação acadêmico-profissional
Authors: Sena Isael de Jesus , Pereira Marcelo Ricardo , Lajonquière Leandro de
Published: February 2022

O crescimento do mercado da formação universitária no ensino superior privado tornou-se um grande negócio lucrativo, a ponto de ignorar o critério da qualidade da formação. Neste artigo refletimos sobre as contradições que dizem respeito à implementação do ensino híbrido, em que atividades virtuais e parcialmente presenciais são conciliadas, mas adotadas estrategicamente seguindo o apetite de gozo do mercado. A partir do caso Moara, sob às coordenadas dos estudos de psicanálise, educação e formação docente, examinamos como o uso do ensino mediado pelas tecnologias precariza e pode prescindir-se do professor, ao passo que, ao objetificá-lo, expropria-o de seu lugar de enunciação. A incidência do discurso tecnológico na formação acadêmico-profissional, como desdobramento do discurso capitalista, cria enunciados que se tornam suporte discursivo e significantes mestres por meio dos quais o docente pode não somente alienar-se, mas também satisfazer-se. Veremos a que preço.
Medicina Narrativa e Compaixão: des(encontros) no conto Marido, de Lidia Jorge
Authors: Santos Sara Maria Cunha Bitencourt , Nacaguma Simone , Demarzo Marcelo , Gallian Dante Marcello Claramonte , Morais Hércules Zacharias Lima de
Published: February 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir os principais pressupostos da medicina narrativa, sua articulação com a compaixão e aplicabilidade para análise de um conto literário. O artigo está dividido em quatro partes. Uma breve introdução, que situa o leitor a partir do referencial teórico da medicina narrativa e sua contraposição ao modelo biomédico tradicional. Em seguida serão articuladas convergências teórica-práticas entre a medicina narrativa e a compaixão. Posteriormente, é trazer o conto "Marido", de Lígia Jorge (1997), sob a consciência da medicina narrativa e da compaixão. Como considerações finais elucidam o lugar central da compaixão na medicina narrativa, privilegiando o alívio do sofrimento humano como função primordial. Espera-se aproximar o leitor da potência que tem a medicina narrativa enquanto atuação ética e humana, e suscitar insights que aproximam a teoria de uma prática médica singular, compassiva e cuidadosa.
Mary Wollstonecraft
Authors: Camm Suzannah
Published: February 2022

Test
Cosmetology: Past, Present and Future
Authors:   Department of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 122 43 Egaleo, Greece, Athanasia Varvaresou
Published: February 2022

In the past, cost and effectiveness of formulation was the first aspect for formulators. Meanwhile, the world has changed as a result of the growing public sensibility for any kind of chemical in the products of daily use. Extensive changes in the worldwide regulatory context of cosmetics, increasing limitations in the choice of cosmetic ingredients and the desire of “educated” consumers for safe products, with the best possible dermatological, toxicological and environmental properties, force the cosmetic chemist to rethink about the choice for alternative ingredients and new methodologies of formulation, as well.
Aesthetic Crowns for Restoring Anterior Primary Incisors
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ibn Sina University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Rawi Baydaa Ali Othman
Published: February 2022

Background: Proper treatment of carious primary teeth is of particular importance in order to prevent oral infections. This is also because primary teeth play a very important role in proper mastication and in maintaining space in the arch for the permanent teeth. Pediatric aesthetic dental procedures are often done for reconstructive or cosmetic purposes. The Hall technique is a conservative alternative treatment for carious primary molars developed by Dr. Norna Hall in the 1980s. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acrylic crown to restore carious maxillary primary incisor, following the Hall technique guide, with clinical follow-ups carried out after 3, 6 and 12 months. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy children aged 2-4 years of both genders, with extensive carious maxillary incisors were involved in this study. Acrylic crown was performed to restore carious incisor without caries removal. Instructions on oral hygiene and appliance maintenance were given to the parents. Results: Fracture of the crowns was not reported in the cases recorded during any of the recall visits. Retention of the crowns was observed to be good in 100% (N=10) of the cases during the 3, 6 and 12 months follow-up, whereas only 10% of the cases showed poor retention at the 6 months follow-up, that needed re-cementing. Based on the statistical analysis, parental satisfaction was observed to have significantly increased with the progression of time for all the considered parameters. Conclusion: The study leads to the conclusion that the simple technique of aesthetically restoring the carious primary maxillary incisors allows it to be used in daily clinical practice with a higher rate of success and satisfaction to the child and parent.
Fractional CO2 Laser Treatment for Vaginal Rejuvenation in Post-Menopausal Indian Women
Authors:   KKRIS Skin Care Center & Laser Clinic, Kochi, Kerala, India, Pillai Rahul , Rahim Safal ,   KKRIS Skin Care Center & Laser Clinic, Kochi, Kerala, India
Published: February 2022

Background Laser vaginal rejuvenation is a minimally invasive fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser procedure for the woman with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), vaginal laxity and for the enhancement of sexual functioning. It has also been proposed for the woman with urge and stress urinary incontinence. CO2 stimulates collagen/elastin contraction, neocollagenesis, and neovascularization. Aim To study the efficacy of CO2 laser in the improvement of VVA, stress urinary incontinence, urge incontinence and sexual functioning. Materials and Methods Twenty-six patients who were in the menopausal transition to post-menopausal age group who presented with any one of the above-mentioned complaints were enrolled in our study. Prior to the treatment, a vaginal examination was performed to ensure patients’ eligibility for the treatment and to determine the vaginal health index score (VHIS), subjective evaluation of VVA symptoms was provided using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the vaginal tightening and patients’ satisfaction were assessed. They also took a questionnaire regarding their sexual functioning. They underwent 3 sessions of CO2 laser with a 1-month interval. Results Significant improvement in VVA was noted after 12-weeks which was observed in vaginal elasticity, fluid volume, epithelial integrity, and patients noted the reduced intensity of vaginal symptoms, such as vaginal burning, dryness, itching, and dyspareunia which was confirmed by improvement in VHIS and VAS. There was a subjective improvement in some patients for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and user interface (UI) as per patient feedback. Patients also noted a significant improvement in quality of life (QoL) and sexual functioning as there were improvement in female sexual function index (FSFI) and domain scores (i.e., desire, arousal, lubrication, pain, orgasm, satisfaction). Conclusion Fractional CO2 laser treatment definitely improved symptoms associated with VVA, stress and urge urinary incontinence, sexual functioning and overall QoL. Although various parameters and long-term results are yet to be noted, the treatment gives satisfying, non-surgical, out-patient, non-hormonal treatment for vaginal health.
Arbeitswelt-Studie: Wie wird heute Arbeit erlebt?
Authors:   Institut für Psychologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Jiménez Paul , Strunk Samuel
Published: February 2022

Über 3500 Menschen wurden von der Universität Graz und der Firma research-team im Rahmen der „Arbeitswelt: DACH“-Studie zu ihrem Arbeitsalltag befragt – von A wie Arbeitsbelastung bis Z wie Zufriedenheit. Der folgende Beitrag fasst zusammen, worauf es Menschen im deutschsprachigen Raum heute an ihrem Arbeitsplatz ankommt.
Fünfzehn Jahre ohne Technische Richtkonzentrationen
Authors:   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Nies Eberhard
Published: February 2022

Nach Tilgung der TRK-Werte für krebserzeugende Arbeitsstoffe, die sich nach dem Stand der Technik richteten, entschied man sich in Deutschland für ein risikobasiertes Konzept zur Regulierung kanzerogener Substanzen ohne bekannte toxikologische Wirkschwelle. Was wurde seitdem erreicht? Welche Fragen sind noch offen?
Modellvorhaben Grippeschutzimpfungen in Apotheken?
Authors:   ABDA – Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Apothekerverbände, Eckert-Lill Christiane
Published: February 2022

Am 1. März 2020 ist das Masernschutzgesetz in Kraft getreten. Das Gesetz ebnet auch den Weg für ein Modellvorhaben, wonach Apotheken in ausgewählten Regionen künftig Grippeschutzimpfungen bei Erwachsenen ab 18 Jahren vornehmen können. Um eine entsprechende Qualifikation der impfenden Apothekerinnen und Apotheker sicherzustellen, ist eine vorhergehende ärztliche Schulung erforderlich. Das Vorhaben wird während der Modellphase, die maximal fünf Jahre dauert, wissenschaftlich begleitet und ausgewertet. Ziel des Vorhabens ist, die Impfquote gegen Grippeerkrankungen in der Bevölkerung zu erhöhen. Allerdings ist das Modellvorhaben umstritten. Während der Bundesverband Deutscher Apothekerverbände die Neuerung begrüßt, lehnt die Bundesärztekammer eine Grippeimpfung in Apotheken ab. Im Folgenden werden beide Positionen zu Wort kommen und PRO und CONTRA dokumentiert.
Sonnenschutz: Abwägungen für die Praxis
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich- Alexander-Universität Erlangen, Hiller Julia
Published: February 2022

Die gesamte Bevölkerung ist praktisch tagtäglich solarer UV-Strahlung ausgesetzt. Dabei ist die Prävalenz von Erkrankungen, die durch UV-Strahlung (mit-)verursacht werden, hoch. Insbesondere die Inzidenz von Hautkrebs zeigt in den meisten Ländern eine steigende Tendenz. Doch nicht nur deswegen ist Sonnenschutz in der Bevölkerung ein wichtiges Thema, auch im beruflichen Kontext, zum Beispiel bei der Berufskrankheit Nr. 5103, sind Sonnenschutzmaßnahmen elementar.
Prävention von Nadelstichverletzungen im Gesundheitswesen – Teilauswertung eines Online-Analysebogens mit Schwerpunkt auf TOP-Schutzmaßnahmen
Authors:   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe, Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hamburg, Stranzinger Johanna , Dulon Madeleine ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe, Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hamburg, Wendeler Dana ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe, Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hamburg, Nienhaus Albert ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe, Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hamburg
Published: February 2022

Prevention of needlestick injuries in healthcare – Partial evaluation of an online analysis questionnaire with a focus on TOP protection measures Background: The risk of needlestick injuries (NSI) for healthcare workers (HCW) is often dependent on a multitude of factors. After an NSI occurs, the accident should be analysed and the risk reduced through technical, organisational and personal protection measures (TOP). This paper describes the TOP recommendations in relation to HCW. Methodology: HCW whose NSI had been reported to the Statutory Accident Insurance of the Health and Welfare Service (BGW) were asked to fill out an online questionnaire about the accident and TOP recommendations. The analysis of TOP took place separately for each of the three fields of work: hospitals, medical practices and outpatient and inpatient care (= care). Results: As of the analysis date of 1 October 2018, 1,356 records had been assessed. 1,093 cases met the criteria for NSI. 715 respondents had proposed at least one protective measure. These referred most often to changes in the organisation of work across all sectors, such as reducing time pressure (59 % in hospitals, 92 % in medical practices) and more training on the use of safety equipment (54 % in medical practices, 71% in care). The use of safety equipment was the technical protective measure most often mentioned (32 % in medical practices, 55 % in care) followed by disposable containers (approximately 20 %). Double gloves, indicator gloves and gloves for garbage disposal played the biggest role in personal protective measures (approximately 20 % each). Conclusions: The majority of HCW see an ongoing need for optimisation with respect to training and the use of safety equipment. These results support the conclusions reached in other reviews that the risk of NSI can be most effectively reduced through the combined use of safety equipment and training. Keywords: healthcare workers – needlestick injuries – sharps – accident analysis – risk factors – technical, organisational and personal protection measures (TOP) – time pressure and training – safety equipment
Karpaltunnelsyndrom als Berufskrankheit: Zeitliche Zusammenhänge zwischen Exposition und Auftreten der Erkrankung
Authors:   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abt. Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg, Schröder Christofer , Dulon Madeleine ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abt. Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg, Schedlbauer Grita ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abt. Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg, Nienhaus Albert ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abt. Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg
Published: February 2022

Carpal tunnel syndrome as an occupational disease: temporal relationship between exposure and onset of the disease Objective: It is sometimes difficult to assess carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) as an occupational disease (OD) due to the lack of clear statements in the scientific argumentation on the duration of exposure prior to the onset of CTS. We therefore conducted a review of the literature on the duration of exposure in the case of CTS. In addition, we analysed OD files on the duration of exposure for insured persons suspected of having CTS. Methods: The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Cinahl and Web of Science databases for the period from 2014 to 2019. Information on the duration of exposure was taken from the OD files of the Occupational Accident Insurance for Healthcare and Welfare Services (BGW) for the purpose of explorative data analysis. Results: Nine studies were included in the review. The findings on the association between duration of exposure and CTS risk were inconsistent. In six studies, exposure periods of at least nine years were associated with an increased risk of CTS. Shorter exposure times were associated with an insignificant increase in CTS risk in only one study. In two studies, there was no association between duration of exposure and the development of CTS. In the BGW claims data, the median duration of exposure until the diagnosis of CTS was 24 years. Only a small number of insured persons (8 %) had a period of exposure of less than five years before the development of CTS. Conclusion: No reliable conclusion can be drawn on the association between duration of exposure and CTS on the basis of the nine included studies. The duration of exposure in the claims data was mostly long. There were a few cases in which CTS developed after less than five years of exposure. There is no justification for rejecting CTS as an OD if the duration of exposure is long. Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome – occupational disease – latency period – accident insurance – claims data
Körperliche Belastung durch Sackware im Baugewerbe
Authors:   BG BAU – Berufsgenossenschaft der Bauwirtschaft, Berlin, Brandstädt Felix
Published: February 2022

Bei der manuellen Handhabung von Sackware treten häufig stark gebeugte und verdrehte Körperhaltungen auf, die zu einer hohen Belastung des unteren Rückens führen. Hinzu kommen stark erhöhte Haltekräfte durch ungünstige Greifbedingungen und grundsätzlich hohe Belastung des gesamten Muskel-Skelett-Systems durch hohe Sackgewichte ab 25 kg bis 40 kg. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt die Ermittlung des ergonomischen Verbesserungspotenzials durch Verwendung reduzierter Gebindegrößen bis 25 kg.
Gesundheitliche Aspekte der Chlorung von Schwimm- und Badebeckenwasser
Authors:   Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Roßlau, Kämpfe Alexander
Published: February 2022

Einrichtungen des Badewesen sind Orte zum Wohlfühlen und Entspannen, zur Bewegung, sportlichen Aktivität und vielem mehr, das einen positiven Beitrag zur Gesundheit und zum allgemeinen Befinden leistet. Damit dies so ist und selbstverständlich in Anspruch genommen werden kann, bedarf es einiger Voraussetzungen. Dazu zählen vor allem Maßnahmen, die verhindern, dass das Wasser in Bädern als Infektionsweg dient, auf dem Krankheitserreger von einem Badegast auf andere übertragen werden.
Update: Covid-19 bei Beschäftigten im Gesundheitsdienst und in der Wohlfahrtspflege
Authors:   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abt. Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg, Nienhaus Albert
Published: February 2022

Update: Covid-19 among health and social welfare workers Objectives: To report on the current numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections or Covid-19 among health and welfare workers in Germany. Methods: The data from the Robert-Koch Institute (RKI) shows the number of infected workers in medical facilities and care and housing facilities. There is also an analysis of Covid-19 cases reported to the accident insurance provider. Results: Of all the cases reported to the RKI, 7.2% relate to workers in medical facilities and 5.2 % to workers in care and housing facilities. The accident insurance provider has received reports of 4,850 confirmed SARSCoV-2 infections among workers to date. Most of the reports relate to workers in hospitals or in nursing homes. 5.7 % or 275 cases pertain to workers in doctor’s practices. The mortality rate is 0.1 % to 0.5 % of all reported cases. Conclusion: Compared to the previous month there was a further increase in the number of reported infections among health and welfare workers. Keywords: Corona pandemic – SARS-CoV-2 – mortality – health and welfare workers
Zur Prävention von chirurgischem Rauch im Operationssaal
Authors:   Freiburger Forschungsstelle Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin (FFAS), Freiburg, Michaelis Martina , Nienhaus Albert ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abt. Arbeitsmedizin/Gefahrstoffe/Gesundheitswissenschaften, Hamburg, Eickmann Udo ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Bereich Gefahrstoffe/Toxikologie, Köln
Published: February 2022

On the prevention of surgical smoke in operating rooms: Experiences and perceptions of risk among surgeons and nursing assistants Background: Surgical smoke during laser surgery or electrosurgery poses a potential health hazard. Recommendations for appropriate protective measures are included in the Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances (TRGS) 525 since 2014. To date there has been a lack of empirical data on the extent to which recommendations have been implemented in practice. Methods: Surgeons in hospitals and outpatient practices (n = 7,089) were invited by email to participate in an online survey in 2018. In addition, 219 nursing assistants were interviewed. The questionnaire dealt with knowledge of and attitudes towards the hazard potential of surgical smoke, and the availability and actual use of protective measures. Results: The survey response rate was 5 % (359 surgeons) and 65 % (142 nursing assistants). Half of all surgeons assumed that surgical smoke posed a high risk to health without protective measures. Operating room nurses were significantly more concerned (88 %). Only a few of them felt properly informed about the topic. 52 % of hospital respondents and 65 % in outpatient facilities reported on special suction systems to capture surgical smoke. One-fifth of respondents from hospitals reported that technical measures had improved since the introduction of the TRGS 525. 51 % of the surgeons in hospitals and 70% in outpatient facilities “mostly” or “always” paid attention to avoiding surgical smoke. Discussion: The low response rate among surgeons and the survey results both indicate a major lack of interest and knowledge. Among other measures, nationwide team interventions with advanced training are needed in order to raise awareness in the future. Keywords: surgical smoke – laser surgery/electrosurgery poses – health hazard – surgeons and nursing assistants
Das Cannabisentzugssyndrom und andere Komplikationen bei nichtmedizinischem Cannabiskonsum
Authors:   Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, Bonnet Udo
Published: February 2022

Der nichtmedizinische Cannabiskonsum ist besonders bei Adoleszenten und jungen Erwachsen verbreitet. An dieser Stelle sollen das Cannabisentzugssyndrom sowie weitere körperliche und psychosoziale Begleitbeschwerden des regelmäßigen nichtmedizinischen Cannabiskonsums betrachtet werden. Die negativen gesundheitlichen und sozialen Folgen erscheinen umso ausgeprägter, je früher der regelmäßige Cannabiskonsum in der Individualentwicklung begonnen hat (siehe unten). Die Ausprägung des Cannabisentzugssyndroms scheint mit dem Alter abzunehmen. Im deutschen Suchthilfesystem ist eine mit dem Konsum von Cannabis verbundene gesundheitliche Störung inzwischen nach alkoholbezogenen Störungen der zweithäufigste Grund für die Aufnahme einer ambulanten oder stationären Behandlung.
Beratung von besonders schutzbedürftigen Beschäftigten während der Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Weiler Stephan
Published: February 2022

Das Robert Koch-Institut veröffentlichte auf seiner Webseite eine Auflistung von Vorerkrankungen, die bei einer Infektion mit Covid-19 mit einem schlechteren Outcome assoziiert sind. Bedingt durch die Pauschalität dieser Auflistung ist ihre Anwendbarkeit im betriebsärztlichen Alltag erschwert. Es sollte daher versucht werden, durch eine differenziertere begründete Beratungsgrundlage nachvollziehbare Handlungsempfehlungen abzugeben.
Arbeitsplatzgestaltung in der Pandemie
Authors:   Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände (BDA), Berlin, Clauß Elisa , Rigo Caroline
Published: February 2022

Neben dem wirtschaftlichen Überleben war und ist der Schutz der Beschäftigten zentrales Anliegen der Branchen und ihrer Betriebe während der Corona-Krise. Diesem Anliegen sind die Betriebe mit Erfolg nachgekommen, wie eine erste Studie, auch in Bezug auf die psychische Belastung der Beschäftigten, zeigt. Dennoch müssen sich die Unternehmen aktuell (Stand Juni 2020) noch mit verschiedenen Themen während der Corona-Pandemie auseinandersetzen. Der folgende Beitrag wirft einen Blick auf Erfahrungen der Betriebe und die Forderungen an die Politik.
Selbstbestimmung versus Arbeitsintensivierung
Authors:   Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände (BDA), Berlin, Clauß Elisa
Published: February 2022

Dieser Artikel soll Ursachen, Chancen beziehungsweise Herausforderungen von Selbstbestimmung versus Arbeitsintensivierung herausstellen. Zudem wirft er einen Blick auf passende, bewährte Maßnahmen in der betrieblichen Praxis und diskutiert notwenige Gestaltungskompetenzen sowie politische Rahmenbedingungen, die Selbstbestimmung fördern und gesundheitlich beeinträchtigende Arbeitsintensivierung reduzieren können.
Körperschutz durch Schuhe und Oberbekleidung
Authors:   Professur Arbeitswissenschaft, Technische Universität Dresden, Schmauder Martin
Published: February 2022

Arbeit bei ungünstigen Verhältnissen wie Nässe, Kälte, Hitze oder Schmutz ist nach wie vor oft notwendig. Keine Post bei Regen, keine Tiefkühlpizza bei Sommerhitze, kein manuelles Handling von schweren Gegenständen oder ungereinigten Behältern in der Lebensmittelherstellung sind in unserer Gesellschaft nicht denkbar. Nicht alle Prozesse lassen sich automatisieren, weshalb es wichtig ist, dass die arbeitenden Menschen vor ungünstigen Umgebungseinflüssen und mechanischen Gefahren geschützt werden.
Prävention von Stolpern, Rutschen und Stürzen (SRS)
Authors:   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Weber Anika , Nickel Peter ,   Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IFA), Sankt Augustin
Published: February 2022

Die Anzahl von Trainingsprogrammen, die mit Techniken der virtuellen Realität unterstützt werden, nimmt zu. Einige Programme sollen auch bei der Prävention von SRS-Gefährdungen helfen. Solche Trainingsprogramme unterscheiden sich in Zielen, Inhalten und Struktur. Im folgenden Beitrag werden Ergebnisse aus einer Recherche zusammengefasst und Empfehlungen zur Auswahl sowie zum Einsatz potenzieller Trainingsprogramme vorgestellt.
Die betriebsärztliche Rolle im Arbeitsschutzausschuss
Authors:   ias Aktiengesellschaft, Fachleitung Arbeitsmedizin, Regionaldirektion Nord, Leipzig, Wendt Luise
Published: February 2022

Der erste Tag im Arbeitsschutzausschuss in der Rolle des Betriebsarztes1 bleibt wahrscheinlich vielen in Erinnerung. Es treten Fragen auf wie: Was ist meine Aufgabe? Was darf ich fragen? Was muss ich fragen? Was wird von mir erwartet? Aber auch mit zunehmender Routine stellt sich bei regelmäßig stattfindenden ASA-Sitzungen manchmal das Problem, was denn Neues zu berichten sei.
SERBEST ZAMAN İLGİLENİMİ VE YAŞAM DOYUM İLİŞKİSİNDE ETKİNLİK DOYUMUNUN KISMİ ARACILIK ETKİSİ: REKREASYONEL KOŞUCULAR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: AYDIN İsmail
Published: February 2022

Serbest zamanlarımızda katıldığımız etkinlikler sağlıklı yaşam tarzımızın önemli bir bileşenidir. Serbest zaman etkinlik seçiminin altında yatan sürecin keşfetme ve buna bağlı oluşan yaşam doyumunu belirlenme isteği son zamanlarda giderek artmaktadır. Bu sebeple, serbest zaman etkinliği olarak rekreasyonel koşuyu tercih eden kadın ya da erkeklerin koşuya yönelik duydukları ilginin yaşamdoyum düzeylerine ne yönde etki yaptığını, bu etkinin oluşmasında ise etkinlik doyumunun aracılık rolünün olup olmadığını belirlemek çalışmanın temel amacını oluşturmuştur. Kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle tespit edilen 239 kişi üzerinde yürütülen bu çalışmada, veri toplama aracı olarak Serbest Zaman İlgilenim Ölçeği (SZİÖ), Yaşam Doyum Ölçeği (YDÖ) ve Etkinlik Doyum Ölçeği (EDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Ölçekler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için oluşturulan araştırma modeli Yapısal Eşitlik Modeliyle (YEM) değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, serbest zaman etkinliklerine duyulan ilginin rekreasyonel koşucuların yaşam doyum düzeyini artırdığı ve etkinlik sonucu oluşan doyumun modelde aracılık rolü etkisi yarattığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, oluşan bu etki düzeyinin cinsiyete göre farklılaştığı da tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, rekreasyonel koşu deneyimindeki kişisel anlam (ilgilenim) ve buna bağlı oluşan yaşam doyumunu kavrayabilmek için etkinlikten haz almanın belirleyici bir ölçüt olduğu söylenebilir.
7075-T6 alüminyum alaşımının soğuk dövme simülasyonu için birleşik plastisite model parametrelerinin tespiti ve tersine analiz ile kalibrasyonu
Authors: KACAR İlyas , KILIÇ Süleyman
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, havacılık endüstrisinde yoğun olarak kullanılan AA7075-T6 alaşımının soğuk dövülmesi simülasyonlarında kullanılmak üzere plastisite modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Ayrıca elde edilen modellerin katsayıları genetik algoritma optimizasyon yöntemi kullanılarak kalibre edilmiştir. Modellerde pekleşme kuralı olarak; bilinear izotropik ile Chaboche’nin nonlinear kinematik pekleşme kuralı (üç terimli) birleştirilmiştir. Pekleşme kurallarının yanında ilişkili akış kuralı ve Hill48 akma kriteri kullanılarak plastisite modelleri elde edilmiştir. Deneysel gerilme değerleri ile modellerden elde edilen değerler kıyaslanmıştır. Sonuç olarak monotonik/döngüsel yüklemeli deformasyon durumları için en uygun pekleşme modeli sunulmuştur ve model parametrelerinin sonuçlar üzerine etkileri gösterilmiştir.
Muharip hava araçlarının hava - yer angajman analiz modelinin geliştirilmesi
Authors: BEKTAŞ Almıla , ERGEZER Halit , ERDOĞAN Sinem
Published: February 2022

Harekât Analizi çalışmalarında; mühendislik seviyesinde, angajman seviyesinde, görev seviyesinde ve birleşik kuvvetler seviyesinde modelleme ve benzetim yapmak mümkündür. Bu çalışmamızda, muharip hava araçlarının harekât ortamına uygun hava-yer angajman etkinliğinin analiz edilebilmesine imkân sağlayan angajman seviyesinde modelleme ve benzetim çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Muharip uçağın, düşük görünürlük ve elektronik karıştırma kabiliyetlerine göre beka analizlerinin yapılabileceği harekât ortamı oluşturulmuştur. Yerden havaya tehditlere ait arama radarı, takip radarı modelleri angajman seviyesine uygun olacak şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Muharip hava aracının ve yerden havaya füzenin hareket modelleri sözde-5 Serbestlik Derecesinde (SD) oluşturulmuştur. Hava aracının bekasını etkileyen en önemli unsurların başında gelen Radar Kesit Alanının (RKA) yanca ve yükseliş açılarına bağlı değişimlerinin kullanılmasına olanak sağlayacak şekilde modelleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Muharip hava aracının Radyo Frekansı (RF) karıştırma kabiliyeti de angajman seviyesine uygun olarak modellenmiştir. Bu modellere ait parametrelerin muharip savaş uçağının hayatta kalabilirliğine etkisinin analizine yönelik jenerik senaryolar ile gerçekleştirilen koşumlara ait sonuçlar sunulmuştur.
Yapay sinir ağı ile deprem şiddeti tahmini: Farklı ağ tasarımlarının ve eğitim algoritmalarının incelenmesi
Authors: SEBATLI SAĞLAM Aslı , ÇAVDUR Fatih
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, ileri beslemeli geri yayılımlı bir yapay sinir ağı ile depremin büyüklüğü, derinliği ve afetzedelerin merkez üssüne olan uzaklıklarına bağlı olarak deprem şiddeti tahmini yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Jeoloji Araştırmaları Kurumu’nun veri tabanında yer alan ve önemli depremler olarak adlandırılan depremlere ilişkin bilgiler yapay sinir ağının girdisi olarak kullanılmıştır. Farklı yapay sinir ağı tasarımları için deprem şiddeti tahmin edilerek uygun bir ağ tasarımı elde edilmiştir. Ardından söz konusu uygun ağ tasarımı için farklı eğitim algoritmaları kullanılarak ağ eğitilmiş ve bu algoritmalar arasından en uygun eğitim yöntemi belirlenmiştir. Farklı ağ tasarımlarının ve eğitim algoritmalarının performansları, ortalama karesel hata ve korelasyon katsayısı cinsinden analiz edilmiştir. Performans parametrelerinin ortalaması açısından, iki gizli katman ve her bir katmanda sırasıyla beş ve on gizli nöronun bulunduğu ağ yapısı en uygun tasarım olarak belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu ağ yapısı için Bayes Düzenlemesi ile Levenberg-Marquardt eğitim algoritmasının kullanıldığı durumda performans parametreleri açısından en iyi sonuçlar gözlenmiştir.
Konglomeralarda malzeme ve kütle özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve kaya taşıma gücü kapasitesi açısından değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇOBANOĞLU İbrahim
Published: February 2022

Genellikle kaya malzemesi olarak kabul edilen kolüvyal çökeller, dağlık alanlardan taşınan ve daha düşük kotlarda biriken ve çeşitli çimento malzemeleriyle bağlanan jeolojik oluşumlardır. Bu çalışmada Denizli'de yaygın olarak görülen ve inşaat temel zemini olarak yayılım gösteren kolüvyal çökellere ait konglomera biriminin mühendislik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Numune alma, bu tür birimlerin mühendislik jeolojisi özelliklerinin karakterizasyonundaki en önemli sorundur ve çoğunlukla standart test numunelerinin hazırlanması mümkün olmamaktadır. İnşaat tasarımı için konglomera biriminin taşıma kapasitesi değerleri, hem kaya malzemesi hem de kaya kütlesi özelliklerini dikkate alan yöntemlerle belirlenmektedir. Yüksek içsel sürtünme açısı değerleri nedeniyle kaya malzeme özelliklerini temel alan teorik taşıma gücü yaklaşımları çok yüksek taşıma kapasitesi değerleri vermektedir. İnşaat tasarımı açısından da büyük önem taşıyan taşıma kapasitesi kavramı, zeminlerin yanı sıra kayalar için de karmaşık bir konu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, inşaat kazılarından blok örneklemeler yapılmış ve karot numuneler dikkatlice hazırlanmıştır. Örneklerin temel fiziksel özellikleri belirlenmiş ardından tek eksenli, üç eksenli sıkışma dayanımı deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnceleme sahasında ayrıca jeofizik ölçümlerden elde edilen sismik hız değerleri elde edilmiş ve tüm parametreler taşıma gücü hesaplamalarında kullanılmıştır. Konglomera birimi gibi zayıf kayalar için kaya kütlesi özelliklerinin kullanıldığı kaya taşıma kapasitesi yaklaşımları incelenmiş ve kaya kütle özelliklerinin kullanıldığı hesaplama yaklaşımlarının tercih edilmesinin daha tutarlı sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.
Akü sanayi atıksularından kurşunun kapya biberi çekirdekleri kullanılarak biyosorpsiyonla giderimi
Authors: GÜNEŞ Selahi , GÜREL Levent
Published: February 2022

Bu deneysel çalışmada, düşük maliyetli bir biyosorbent olan kapya biberi artığının çekirdek kısmı kullanılarak sentetik ve endüstriyel atıksulardan biyosorpsiyon ile kurşun giderimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçek atıksulardan kurşun giderimi üzerine literatürde ham kapya biberi çekirdekleri ile yapılmış çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Artık bir materyalin arıtım prosesinde değerlendirilmesi önem taşımakla birlikte elde edilecek sonuçlar ileri ki çalışmalara da ışık tutacaktır. Bu biyosorbent için en uygun arıtım koşullarını belirlemek amacıyla başlangıç pH değerinin, biyosorbent dozunun, arıtma süresinin ve başlangıç kurşun derişiminin arıtım üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Biyosorbent herhangi bir ön arıtım uygulanmaksızın kullanılmıştır. Kurşun arıtım çalışmaları için en uygun pH değeri 5 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Maksimum giderim verimi olan %94,46 değeri, 5,4 g/L kuru biyosorbent (125-250 µm boyutunda) kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Kurşun biyosorpsiyonu verilerinin yalancı-ikinci derece kinetik modeline uyduğu bulunmuştur. Aynı zamanda Weber-Morris modeline göre, hızı sınırlayan adım tek başına partikül içi difüzyon değildir. İzoterm verileri Langmuir izoterm modeline çok daha iyi uyum sağlarken, Freundlich ve Temkin izoterm modelleri yetersiz kalmıştır. Bu biyosorbent için en yüksek biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi 25°C’de 29,67 mg/g olarak bulunmuştur. Akü sanayi atıksuyu ile yürütülen çalışmalarda, gerçek endüstriyel atıksuyun sahip olduğu düşük kurşun derişimi ve kompleks yapısı nedeniyle, gerçek atıksudaki maksimum giderim veriminin (%71) sentetik atıksularda elde edilen verimden daha düşük çıktığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Su altı elektrodları ile yapılan kaynaklı birleştirmelerin mikro yapı ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: GÜROL Uğur , BAYKAL Hakan , YILDIZ Nur Benuşe , YILMAZ Can , DANIŞKAN Ömür , KOÇAK Mustafa
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, rutil karakterli kaynak elektrotları ile düşük alaşımlı S355J2+N çelik plakaları kullanılarak su altında ve atmosferik şartlarda saf kaynak metalinin metalürjik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Su altı kaynakları, Türkiye’de ilk defa AWS A5.35 standardına göre özel olarak geliştirilen parafin kaplı GeKaTec UW E7014 su altı elektrotları kullanılarak açık denizde 4 metrelik bir derinlikte gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak, kaynaklı plakaların AWS A5.35 standardının gerekliliklerine göre tahribatsız muayeneleri yapılmıştır. Daha sonra mekanik özellikleri belirlemek ve deniz suyunun mikro yapısal dönüşüm üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek için çekme testi, Charpy-V darbe testi, mikro sertlik testi ve mikro yapı incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki ortamda gerçekleştirilen kaynakların akma ve çekme mukavemetlerinde önemli derecede bir değişiklik olmadığını görülmüştür. Atmosferik şartlarda gerçekleştirilen kaynaklara kıyasla su altında gerçekleştirilen kaynakların %6-8 oranında daha sert olduğu ve % uzama değerleri ile -2°C’de elde edilen çentik darbe değerlerinin de sırasıyla %48 ve %22 oranında daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fakat, sonuç olarak; su altında birleştirilen plakadan elde edilen değerlerin AWS A5.35 standardına göre Seviye 1 kalitesinin gereksinimlerini karşıladığı görülmüştür.
KARACİĞER KİST HİDATİĞİNDE LAPAROSKOPİK PERİKİSTEKTOMİ DENEYİMİMİZ
Authors: ÇALTA Alparslan Fedayi , DURAN Ali
Published: February 2022

Amaç Çalışmanın amacı laparoskopik cerrahi tedavi uyguladığımız kist hidatik olgularını yaş, cinsiyet, kist yerleşimi, kist boyutu ve tipi, uygulanan tedavi, operasyon süresi, erken ve geç dönem komplikasyonları ve nüks açısından retrospektif olarak değerlendirmek ve bu bulguları literatürle karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik bilgileri, serolojik ve radyolojik tetkik sonuçları, kistlerin sayısı, Gharbi sınıflamasına göre tipi, boyutu, lokalizasyonu, operasyon şekli ve süresi, erken ve geç dönem komplikasyonları, hastanede kalış süreleri, mortalite ve morbidite verileri hastane kayıt sisteminden geriye dönük tarandı ve veri tabanı oluşturularak analiz edildi. Bulgular Hastaların yaş ortalaması 35.28 ±16.12 olup, %42.9’u kadın (6/14) ve %57.1’i erkek (8/14) hastalardan oluşmaktaydı. Hastaların en sık başvuru nedeni sırasıyla ağrı (%57.1) ve sarılık (%21.4) şikayetleriydi. Hastaların tamamına tanı aşamasında (Bilgisayarlı Tomografi) BT ve (Ultrasonografi) USG istendi. Medikal tedavi tüm hastalara uygulanmıştı. Tüm hastalara laparoskopik perikistektomi operasyonu yapıldı. Oral tedavi birinci gün başlandı. Hastaların üçünde (% 21.4) operasyon esnasında safra sızıntısı gelişti ve primer onarıldı. Postoperatif yedi hastada (%50.0, 7/14) safra sızıntısı gelişirken, bu hastalardan ikisinde (%14.3) ise Endoskopik Retrograd Kolanjiyo Pankreatografi (ERCP) gereksinimi oldu. Hastalar bir yıl süreyle takip edildi, bu sürede mortalite ve nüks gelişmedi. Sonuç Deneyimli merkezlerde ve tecrübeli cerrahlarca yapılan laparoskopik cerrahinin kist hidatik tedavisinde daha sık tercih edileceği düşünülmektedir.
[RETRACTED] The Human–Nature Relationship and Its Impact on Health: A Critical Review v1
Authors: Seymour Valentine
Published: February 2022

[RETRACTED]

Within the past four decades, research has been increasingly drawn toward understanding whether there is a link between the changing human–nature relationship and its impact on people’s health. However, to examine whether there is a link requires research of its breadth and underlying mechanisms from an interdisciplinary approach. This article begins by reviewing the debates concerning the human–nature relationship, which are then critiqued and redefined from an interdisciplinary perspective. The concept and chronological history of “health” is then explored, based on the World Health Organization’s definition. Combining these concepts, the human–nature relationship and its impact on human’s health are then explored through a developing conceptual model. It is argued that using an interdisciplinary perspective can facilitate a deeper understanding of the complexities involved for attaining optimal health at the human–environmental interface.
Keio Acute Single-Worm Tracking v1
Authors: Moore Saul
Published: February 2022

In order to test how quickly C. elegans responds to the bacterial lawn, individual worms are gently picked onto 35mm petri plates a short distance away from the seeded lawn, and recording started immediately. Are there any differences between behaviour on BW control vs BW25113ΔfepD after only a few seconds-to-minutes on food?
Well-tempered Metadynamics protocol v2
Authors: Niranjan Vidya
Published: February 2022

Metadynamics is a technique in which the potential for one or more chosen variables ("collective variables") is modified by periodically adding a repulsive potential of Gaussian shape at the location given by particular values of the variables. These repulsive Gaussians eventually fill up the well that is being sampled, and force the calculation to sample elsewhere. At certain points in the simulation, the sum of the Gaussians and the free-energy surface (FES) becomes flat, and therefore the sum of Gaussians is the negative image of the FES. The present protocol is running the well-tempered metadynamics module of Desmond (Free academic license) and the analysis of the results
Colony PCR for screening transgenic yeast v1
Authors: Karthikaichamy Anbarasu
Published: February 2022

Colony PCR protocol for screening transgenic yeast