bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОНОМАСТИЧЕСКИЕ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИЕ ВО ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМАХ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: ШАРКАР Арчан
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена описанию системности русской фразеологии и основных разрядов ономастической лексики русского языка. Обнаружено, что, выступая в семантической структуре фразеологических единиц, имена собственные как особый пласт лексики, с одной стороны, играют значительную роль в сохранении общей лексико-фра- зеологической системы, с другой, – подчёркивают историческую, географическую и культурную ценность народов мира. При этом раскрывается также своеобразная полифония ономастики, фразеологии и художественной литературы. Настоящее исследование выдвигает на первый план неисчерпаемую важность междисциплинарных подходов к научному изучению языка и литературы. Целью данной работы является также необходимость учёта исторических, мифологических и культурних данных для лучшего понимания языковых явлений постоянных, вековых, актуальних для современности. Для того, чтобы достичь указанных целей, поставлены задачи освещения ономастической лексики с точки зрения системности фразеологии и изучения определённых мотивов художественных призведений современной литературы, учитывая этимологическую мотивированность слов, а также прибегая к помощи традиционных аспектов русского языкознания. Данное исследование основывается на применении лексико-семантического похода к анализу фразеологизмов. Из разных фразеологических словарей русского языка выбраны обороты, в составе которых имеются имена собственные, представляющие собой единицы из разных разрядов ономастической лексики. При этом сосредо- тачивается внимание на этимологической информации, связанной с каждым онимом, и на то, что она играет ключевую роль в формировании семантики того или иного фразеологического оборота, входящего в русскую фразеологическую систему. На основе лексико-семантического анализа указанных выше оборотов определены фразеологические поля,которые демонстрируют значительную роль ономастической лексики в лексико-семантической системе языка.В семантике фразеологизма, сформированной онимами, развёртывается композиция художественного образа литературного персонажа.С одной стороны, употребление онимов во фразеологизмах сохраняется в языке и литературе, с другой, – литература обогащается разными сведениями, передаваемыми во фразеологизмах с помощью имен собственных, взятых из истории цивилизации.
ПРИНЦИПИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УКЛАДАННЯ ФРАЗЕО- ЛОГІЧНИХ СЛОВНИКІВ МОВИ ТВОРІВ ПИСЬМЕННИКІВ (на матеріалі словника «Фразеологізми у творах Богдана Лепкого»)
Authors: БАБІЙ Ірина , СВИСТУН Ніна
Published: April 2023

У статті проаналізовано методику та основні принципи укладання фразеологічних словників мови творів письменника на матеріалі словника «Фразеологізми у творах Богдана Лепкого» (2018 р.).В останні десятиріччя активізувалися дослідження фразеології. Актуальним сьогодні є лексикографічне опра- цювання фразеологізмів, сформована окрема галузь – фразеографія. Крім традиційних фразеологічних словників, в україністиці з’явилися словники фразеологізмів мови письменників.Актуальність нашої статті зумовлена потребою та новизною лексикографічного опрацювання фразеологізмів на матеріалі мови творів письменників, оскільки фразеографічні праці такого типу містять інформацію не тільки про фраземне багатство мови, а й про ідіостиль письменника. Мета пропонованої праці – описати методику та принципи укладання фразеологічних словників мови творів письменника на матеріалі словника «Фразеологізми у творах Богдана Лепкого». Для реалізації мети необхідно розв’язати такі завдання: описати теоретичні засади підготовки фразеоло- гічних словників мови творів письменника на матеріалі словника «Фразеологізми у творах Богдана Лепкого», подати методику формування словникової статті.Словник фразеологізмів творів Богдана Лепкого укладено відповідно до традицій формування фразеографічних праць, він містить передмову, будову словника та словникової статті, реєстр творів, паспортизацію текстів Богдана Лепкого, український алфавіт, корпус словника. Кожна словникова стаття об’єднує кілька компонентів: реєстрове (опорне) слово; фразеологічну одиницю; тлумачення значення ФО; ілюстративний матеріал.Словник «Фразеологізми у творах Богдана Лепкого» засвідчує, що важливим компонентом формування ідіости- лю письменника виступають фразеологізми (загальномовні та індивідуально-авторські). У результаті аналізу виявле- но, що фразеологічні словники такого типу акумулюють фраземне багатство української мови та є вагомим джерелом відтворення світобачення письменників і розуміння їх словесної творчості. Зібрані матеріали таких фразеографічних праць – підґрунтя для появи нових лінгвістичних розвідок.
La desmotivación de las alumnas en las clases de Educación Física en los últimos años de la escuela primaria
Authors: Da Silva Araújo Cícero , Jucá Luan Gonçalves , Pinheiro Maria Rosângela Dias
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar los factores que contribuyen a la desmotivación de las alumnas de las clases de Educación Física en los últimos años de Ensino Fundamental (escuela primaria, estudiantes de 6 a 14 años). Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y descriptiva. Se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado a 53 alumnas de cuatro colegios del área urbana de la ciudad de Iguatu-CE. Para el análisis e interpretación de los datos se utilizó el análisis de contenido temático. Los resultados mostraron que las clases impartidas en turnos inversos, el rechazo de los compañeros, la agresividad de los chicos, el cansancio, la falta de interés por la disciplina, la falta de diversificación de contenidos y métodos de enseñanza son los principales factores relacionados con la desmotivación. Se concluye que la desmotivación se caracteriza por factores que pueden revertirse con acciones curriculares, metodológicas y organizacionales relacionadas con las políticas educativas.
Barreras para la práctica de actividad física: acuerdo entre las percepciones de padres y niños
Authors: Becker Engers Patrícia , Cozzensa da Silva Marcelo , Bergmann Gabriel Gustavo
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la concordancia entre las respuestas de niños de 8 y 9 años y sus padres o tutores, por Proxy-report, de un instrumento propuesto para tal fin sobre barreras para la práctica de actividad física en niños. Este es un estudio observacional, con diseño de sección transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 70 estudiantes matriculados en escuelas del área urbana de la ciudad de Uruguaiana/RS, y sus padres o tutores. Se recogieron barreras a la práctica de actividad física en niños a través de un instrumento validado por Proxy-report, que consta de 24 preguntas. El instrumento fue respondido por los niños y sus padres o tutores en la prueba, y verificada la concordancia de las respuestas (Índice Kappa). Después de una semana, se volvió a aplicar el cuestionario (retest) en los mismos niños, comprobando la reproducibilidad (Índice Kappa). Ninguna de las preguntas obtuvo concordancia entre las respuestas de los padres y los niños sobre las barreras de los niños a la actividad física (kappa mínimo de 0,4). En cuanto a la reproducibilidad de las respuestas de los niños en test y retest, los valores variaron entre 0,10 y 0,68, y 11 de las 24 preguntas tuvieron valores mínimos de concordancia. Se concluye que no hubo concordancia en las respuestas de padres e hijos sobre las barreras para la práctica de actividad física en los niños.
Influence of Voltage on Pore Water Pressure for Soft Soil Treated with Electro-Osmosis Technique
Authors: Wahhab Ansam M. , A. Aljanabi Qasim
Published: April 2023

Geotechnical engineers have a difficult time working with soft soils because they take so long to reach their final settlement and drain water under pressure. Granular columns and other modern technology are just two of the many methods utilized to hasten this leveling. In this study, the alteration of clay soils with a granular column and the evacuation of water by an electric field were replicated using 2D engineering and a finite component. solid mechanics and electrical interfaces are built using the drag interface. Mohr-Coulomb relied on a granular column and fine clay soil at the mechanical contact and employed electro-osmosis to describe the model's electric field's impact. For a period of six months, the pore water pressure for the fine clay soil was calculated. The result showed that when the electric current is applied with a voltage (5 v) the pwp in soil increases in first two months and then begins to gradually decrease, reaching in sixth month (120 kPa) and when applied voltage increases (15 v) the pwp decrease in the first two months from the previous ratio of voltage then it begins to gradually decrease and reaches in sixth month (70 kPa), When applied voltage increases more (30 v) the pwp in the soil decreases in first two months from the previous ratios of voltages, then it begins to gradually decrease and reaches (40 kPa), The percentage of water leaving the soil when an electric current is applied from (5-15 v) was (64%) and when voltage increased to (15-30 v) became (75%) which means the applied voltage increases, cause more water is discharged from the soil. The soil settlement also increases with an increase in the voltage, as the improvement percentage and the water exit from the soil (50%) at (5-15 v) and (71%) at (15-30 v).
Fish Bone as a Cause of Retropharyngeal Abscess
Authors: Kristina Cerenská , Andrej Hajtman , Vladimir Calkovský , Pavel Hanzel
Published: April 2023

In this work, we describe the case of a 68-year-old female patient with an injury to the back wall of the pharynx by a foreign body and its atypical placement in the retropharyngeal space, causing a retropharyngeal abscess. The foreign body was extracted during a transorally direct pharyngolaryngoscopy under general anesthesia. The symptomatology, diagnosis, and therapy of retropharyngeal abscess are the topics of discussion. We emphasize the necessity of timely and thorough localization of the foreign body and its extraction.
The analysis method of the impact of missing audit information on the securities investment decisions based on Logistic regression models
Authors: Ren Wenjie
Published: April 2023

To identify the influence of the lack of audit information on the decision-making of securities investment, a method to analyse the impact of missing audit information on the decision-making of securities investment based on two Logistic regression models was proposed in this paper. Assumptions about the impact of missing audit information on decision-making of investment were developed. Two Logistic regression models were established to analyse the impact by using Logistic regression functions. Variables in analysis models were designed to solve the Logistic regression models with an ADMM algorithm, so as to analyse the impact of missing audit information on the decision-making of securities investment. The analysis of the impact of missing audit information on the securities investment decisions based on two selected models yielded the following results: (1) The lack of audit information was positively correlated with other decisions except the standard effective securities investment decisions; (2) To improve the problem of audit information missing, as the time went on, there was a strong correlation between the lack of audit information and the effectiveness of securities investment decisions; and (3) The lack of audit information was negatively correlated with the effectiveness of securities investment decisions.
The socio-economic importance of abandoned railway areas in the landscape of the Silesian Province (southern Poland)
Authors: Hutniczak Agnieszka , Urbisz Alina , Watoła Anna
Published: April 2023

The Province of Silesia, in Poland, is an area where many railway connections, of mostly local importance, have been closed recently. In some cities, they have been eliminated altogether and passenger rail transport has been replaced by bus transport. For this research, a sociological study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method and the questionnaire technique. A transversal testing strategy was also used. The aims of the study were to illustrate the function of abandoned railway areas in the landscape and to present possible recommendations for their development from the point of view of the needs of society. The research population included 1,685 people who were students at the University of the Third Age and adult residents. The surveys focused on the possibility of exploiting the natural potential of railway areas. The respondents’ answers provided suggestions for the development of unused railway areas, which included creating bicycle lanes, alleys with a high biodiversity of both flora and fauna, and walking tracks. The analysis of the study’s results can be useful to both local authorities and the Management of the Polish State Railways (PKP S.A.) in their decision-making processes concerning the revitalization of unused railway areas. Similar revitalization efforts have already been undertaken by various cities and communities.
The alien fraction of the flora of Seymskiy Regional Landscape Park, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine
Authors: Miskova Olena
Published: April 2023

The adventive fraction of the flora of Seymskiy Regional Landscape Park (Sumy Oblast, Ukraine) including 237 species of 183 genera and 62 families, is described. Its systematic and biomorphological structures was analyzed. The major families, namely Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Boraginaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Solanaceae and Malvaceae are represented by 152 species (64.1% of the alien fraction). Therophytes (49.4%), hemicryptophytes (28.7%) and phanerophytes (17.7%) were found to be the prevailing life forms in the alien flora of the park. According to the time of immigration, kenophytes (69%) predominate among alien species of the park. The most common species belonged to the group native of North America (23.2%), the Mediterranean (21%), Asian (17.7%) and Mediterranean-Iran-Turanian (11.4%). Xenophytes (54.4%) predominated by way of penetration into the territory, ergasiophytes were represented by 39.6% and xeno-ergasiophytes by 5.9% of the species. According to the degree of naturalization epoecophytes (30%) and agrio-epoecophytes (27.8%) had high ranked positions as part of the alien flora and there are slightly less ephemerophytes (14.8%), colonophytes (14.3%), agriophytes (6.8%) and ergasiophygophytes (6.3%). At the time of the survey, we considered 162 species as naturalized, 50 taxa as casuals, 16 species as potentially invasive, and 9 as those of invasive status. The obtained data indicated the need for action to stop the increase in the adventive species within the park's flora in order to reduce their negative impact on natural habitats and the native flora.
Europeanization of Fight Against Disinformation and Propaganda at the Times of New Russian Hybrid Warfare
Authors: Filipec Ondřej
Published: April 2023

After Russian aggression against Georgia, annexation of Crimea and war against Ukraine international community of experts in academia, state administration and civil society were increasingly reflecting the issue of hybrid warfare and information war. This is also the case of the EU which developed structures addressing hybrid warfare, especially disinformation and propaganda. The main aim of this article is to analyse the process of creation of these structures in the context of Europeanization concept and reveal reasons for inadequacy and inefficiency of the newly established institutions. Despite EU succeeded in creation of policy instruments their effectiveness is far from being enough vis-à-vis Russian efforts.
The Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular Migration and the Global Compact on Refugees – origins and effects
Authors: Griesbeck Michael
Published: April 2023

Tracing back the roots of the Global Compact for Migration and the Global Compact on Refugees, from the Sutherland Report, the New York Declaration, the Platform on Disaster Displacement and the Nansen Initiative, back to the Balkan wars, which led to the Temporary Protection Directive, one can identify two challenges, which combine, especially taking into account increasing mixed migration: One root is the wish to cope with situations of mass influx, when large numbers of people start to move across borders as refugees, displaced people or migrants. The other source is the climate change, which also could lead to migration and displacement of people. These two challenges were brought into a structure by the two compacts. This article describes the development, which led to the compacts, analyses, that the compacts do not create new obligations for the states and new individual rights, but give suggestions how to improve migration management, and shows, what the next steps could be.
The Human Rights Protection in the EU-Brazil Relations: Structural Considerations and Current Legal Developments
Authors: Boaventura Elisa Amorim , Stehlík Václav
Published: April 2023

Brazil and European Union have been developing common trade relations since the 70’s and over the years they have strengthened them through agreements and open dialogues. Both actors are promoters of human rights at the global level. At the same time human rights issues are present in their mutual relations including the most current documents such as currently forming Association Agreement. The main goal of the paper is to outline and evaluate the developments of the legal framework with an emphasis on how the human rights issues have been streamlined in Brazil and EU relations.
Establishment and Provision of Services of Third Country Nationals in the EU
Authors: Petr Michal
Published: April 2023

Even though the discussion on migration has in the last years been overshadowed by its illegal form and concentrated in particular on potential tools to mitigate it, legal migration rightfully remains a crucial consideration for a comprehensive migration policy. Given the significance of services in today’s economy, it might be surprising that the focus has been on migration of workers, rather than self-employed persons. In this article, we shall review the current legislation on this matter and explore its potential further developments.
EU Human Rights Approach in Climate Change and Energy Transition – Call for Sustainable Development?
Authors: Mokrá Lucia , Wertlen Donald
Published: April 2023

European Union is considered as valuable actor in international surrounding. The principle of human rights as set in article 2 TEU is observed in its legislation and policies. The current development in area of sustainable development goals is also generating new challenges especially in relation to climate change. The EU as the signatory country of Paris agreement and observer to UN followed its obligations, and in contributing to climate change actions, focused its policy also to energy transition. The development in EU differ to universal development, due different political, legal and regional aspects. How the EU implement its obligation in sustainable development, climate change and energy transition with its human rights protection principle? The paper is focused on analysis, how the EU acts in concrete policy actions and whether there exists human rights and development nexus.
Compatibility of Terminology of Competition Law and Electronic Communications Law
Authors: Zorková Eva
Published: April 2023

Due to rapid technological developments, the sector of electronic communications law is very specific. In many aspects, electronic communications law is strongly linked to the application of competition law rules. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the terminology used in the Czech Act on Electronic Communications and its compliance with the terminology used in the Czech Act on the Protection of Competition, as well as its compliance with the EU terminology. Problems may be caused by inconsistencies in the terminology used, for example when defining the relevant market and subsequently identifying a competitor/an undertaking with a significant market power.
The Respect of the International Environmental Law in the Field of the Northern Dimension: Good Practices and Virtuous Examples in the European Region
Authors: Gaudiosi Francesco
Published: April 2023

The following work aims at analyzing the theme of regional environmental cooperation within the Northern Dimension, a joint policy created by the European Union together with Norway, Iceland and the Russian Federation which sees the Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership as a collaborative dimension between governments, private companies, public stakeholders and local communities in the implementation of projects aimed at environmental protection. In the logic of international law, the dynamics of the NDEP are particularly interesting to study as representing a model of virtuous cooperation in the environmental protection field and in the prevention of international disputes related to cross-border pollution in the Nordic region. The precautionary approach that is actively enforced through the implementation of the of international environmental law obligations, makes the Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership considered a unique example of its kind, thanks to its ability in contributing to sustainable development in the region.
A Tale of Two Recipes: Well-being Policy Comes to the Western Capitalism Rescue in the (Post-) Trump and (Post-) COVID-19 Era
Authors: Muravska Tatjana , Dyomkin Denis
Published: April 2023

The neo-authoritarian “Trump Era”-induced political problems have been aggravated further by the coronavirus that triggered an economic slowdown. The new landscape put Western capitalism, international cooperation, and European integration at risk. This contribution shows similarities and differences in policies dealt with the recessions of 2008 and 2020 on both sides of the Atlantic, with a focus on the EU and Canada. It examines the rising popularity of the welfare state concept applied both to individuals and industries particularly in the EU, for which the protection of citizens’ well-being and solidarity values are at the bloc integration’s core. Ideologically opposing solutions for those crises reflect a fundamental shift in policymaking, reinforcing state interventions policies vs neoliberal approach to the extent of intensified discussions of a universal basic income notion as a response to the inequalities. The article highlights the need for multi – and cross-disciplinary approaches, benefiting policymaking.
In the Shadow of the Global Pandemic: Deepening or Shrinking Cooperation Between China and the Baltic States?
Authors: Šteinbuka Inna , Bērziņa-Čerenkova Una Aleksandra , Sprūds Andris
Published: April 2023

The paper addresses cooperation between China and the Baltic states and explores future scenarios of political and economic relations in the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic. The paper is divided into three major parts. The first segment outlines the Baltic perspective on China’s global and regional activities and the proposed Health Silk Road. The second part focuses on structural factors and recent development of economic cooperation between China and the Baltic states. The third part speaks of strategic and political challenges in engaging with China during the pandemic and in its aftermath. The paper provides a prognosis that co-existing trends of both deepening and shrinking cooperation will transpire in the relations between the EU and China, and specifically the Baltic states and China. Latvia’s choices, among others, will be impacted by international obligations, including the transatlantic ties.
The Principle of Direct Effect in Criminal Law: Theory and Practice
Authors: Gruodytė Edita , Milčiuvienė Saulė , Palionienė Neringa
Published: April 2023

The meaning of the general principles of EU law has been broadly developed by the Court of Justice of the European Union; however, for many years it had only limited competence in deciding criminal cases. The principle of direct effect is important for ensuring the efficient functioning of EU law. The aim of this research is to find out if and how this principle affects criminal justice. To reach this objective, the researchers examine how the substance and content of the principle, through the doctrine and the judgments of Court of Justice of the European Union, can influence national criminal law and criminal procedure. Afterwards, the actual impact of EU law on national criminal law is evaluated, taking Lithuania as an example. The analysis reveals that direct application of directives in material criminal law is highly unlikely, while in criminal procedural, law such a possibility is real if EU norms are clear, unconditional, and precise.
The Construction of European identity in the Paradigm of Anthropocentrism and its Constitutionalization
Authors: Denysov Volodymyr , Falalieieva Lyudmyla
Published: April 2023

The research highlights the importance of European identity forming in the paradigm of anthropocentrism, reveals the nature, factors, mechanisms, peculiarities and problems related to this process. It is emphasized that the search for the most appropriate conceptual model for the construction of European identity is one of the important conditions for deepening the solidarity and unity of the peoples of Europe, the effective functioning of the European Union, the activation of European integration, the enhancement of synergies between supranational and intergovernmental components of integration processes. The practice of Ukraine on the constitutionalization of European identity and European integration, ie revision of the Constitution of Ukraine confirming the European identity of the Ukrainian people and the irreversibility of the European course of Ukraine, are investigated. The modern practice and doctrinal views on the issues discussed were analyzed. Prospects for the constitutionalization of European identity at the level of supranational integration are presented.
Penetration of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union into the Constitutional Order of the Czech Republic – Basic Scenarios
Authors: Hamuľák Ondrej
Published: April 2023

This paper deals with the question, whether, how and to what extent the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU could enter the scene of constitutional review before the Czech Constitutional Court. In connection to Czech Republic, this question must react on the special constitutional category – Czech constitutional order, which includes also international agreements on human rights which are binding for the Czech Republic. The paper analyses the question, whether EU Charter can be understood as such international commitment or not and what are the options of its application by the Czech Constitutional Court and also how we can define its relation to the constitutional order. Paper distinguishes 3 scenarios: 1) inclusion of the EU Charter into the constitutional order of the Czech Republic; 2) refusal of formal inclusion of the EU Charter into the constitutional order of the Czech Republic; and 3) understanding of the EU Charter as association of constitutional order, capable to be used within the constitutional order even without the formal inclusion into the set of Czech constitutional rules.
The European Perspective on the Notion of Precedent – are EU and Czech Court Decisions Source of Law?
Authors: Sehnálek David
Published: April 2023

The article focuses on the substance and effects of judicial decisions. Judgements of domestic courts and those of the Court of Justice of the EU are examined separately in terms of their nature. Specifically, the article deals with the question of their binding effect and also whether they can be considered a source of Czech and EU law. The author discusses and questions the opinion, which is currently prevailing among Czech authors, that decisions of supreme courts should be considered binding and simultaneously a source of law comparable to precedents, as they are known in Anglo-American law. The article further points out that the alleged similarity between judgements rendered by the Czech courts and the Court of Justice of the EU is merely ostensible, as each of them has a different nature and effects in the Czech legal environment. The conclusion is, in simple terms, that judgements of domestic courts generally cannot be considered a source of law, that they do not contain any new legal norms and, finally, that they comprise merely a simple and changeable interpretation of legal norms created by the law-making body.
The Europeanisation of Energy Policy – What Scenario for Effective Institutionalism?
Authors: Wertlen Donald , Mokrá Lucia
Published: April 2023

The energy policy has been part of the path to the (post-Lisbon) European Union as we know it today since the very beginning of this project in form of the both European Coal and Steel Community or Euratom. However, in past years/decades the energy topic shifted from ‘low’ to ‘high’ politics1. Despite energy policy being a delicate issue that has been at the discretion of the Member States, the Lisbon Treaty established energy as the shared competence between the European Commission and the member states Since then, the Commission has been very active in driving the integration of the energy policies2, resulting in establishing the Energy Union and gradually coupling the energy with climate variable3, ultimately, creating a platform for occurring energy transition. Nevertheless, the EU is heavy energy-importer but the Member States are endow differently in terms of the structure of energy mix, imports/exports and energy security, which challenges the institutional framework and governance of the energy sector within the EU in the future. The ultimate question reflecting the institutionalism approach is, how the EU institutional structure respond to the Energy Union project and division of competences both in vertical and horizontal perspective, from the point of effective decision-making and implementation of energy policy.
Responsibility of Local Self-Government for Infringement of the European Union Competition and Public Procurement Rules and Its Enforcement in Slovakia
Authors: Blažo Ondrej
Published: April 2023

The paper will analyse the position of local self-government (i.e. municipalities and self-governing regions) in the framework of enforcement of internal market, its impact and effectiveness. The analysis of the legal framework of Slovakia has shown, that there are three ways in which the central government can compel local self-governmental authorities to follow rules of internal marker, including competition rules: (1) state aid rules, (2) public procurement rules and (3) “other” rules of competition. Legal analysis is complemented by the analysis of quantitative data regarding sanction policies in respective areas.
In Supporting Role Cast: The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Authors: Baraník Kamil , Hamuľák Ondrej
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the Slovak Constitutional Court’s approach to the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights as a potential source of constitutional review. It analyses selected SCC decisions in order to evaluate and generalise the SCC attitude. The main focus is on defining the constitutional status of the EU Charter within the Slovak constitutional order. The up-to-date practice of the Constitutional Court is associated with an inevitable confusion when formally the Charter belongs among the sources of constitutional review, but by applying the doctrine of self-restriction, the SCC uses it only in a subsidiary way or in the form of a soft interpretation instrument to support its reasoning.
Public Services Client-Accordance Through Coproduction and Digitalization
Authors: Putans Romans , Zeibote Zane
Published: April 2023

The role of the societies and their interaction with public administration is changing toward ever closer co-operation. Since 2009 scientific literature and the public administrations themselves have been increasingly exploring the changing and dynamic role of the recipient of public services, a client or a customer, as that of a partner in the provision of public services. In this article the authors propose a policy client-accordance index (PCAX) methodology to measure the relevance of a) policy planned results and policy-makers’ expectations in relation to b) clients’ intentions, and explore the co-production in the age of digitalization based on a case study. The idea of the article is to contribute to this necessity of new tools and approaches to facilitate the co-operation and co-production between policy makers and society. The main goal of the research is to analyse the applicability and challenging aspects of the feasibility of PCAX and to test the possible transfer of the developed methodology model for evaluating the relevance of any public administration policy to the intentions of the policy‘s respective target group, i.e., the client-accordance index of a given public policy. In the first and the second chapters of the article, mostly based on the findings of scientific literature analyses, the authors explore the increasing topicality and the need of changing awareness of a public a service and its provision. Further in-depth analyses are conducted on the possible methodological tool to measure the relevance between the policy makers’ decisions (expectations) and society‘s needs and intentions. In the concluding chapter of the article the authors summarize the development dynamics of societal reforms towards co-production, main implementation aspects of the concept and remarks on PCAX backed up by the findings of the approbation of PCAX elements in the actual case study.
Analysis of Push and Pull Factors for Starting a Business in Latvia
Authors: Berke-Berga Anzelika , Dovladbekova Inna , Urbane Marta
Published: April 2023

Entrepreneurship related research has developed rapidly during the recent decades. It is of interest for every country in the European Union to foster increase of newly created enterprises and thus employment and economic dynamism. The main goal of this paper is centred on motivational factors that contribute to people’s involvement in business in Latvia. At first, the article looks at the development of factors that influence entrepreneurial motivation in context of push and pull theoretical framework. Subsequently, the analysis of an empirical study is carried out. The study analyzes factors that promote or hinder starting a business in context of push and pull framework. The results offer important conclusions regarding the main motivators for starting a business. Majority of the existing and potential entrepreneurs are motivated by the pull factors (i.e., appropriate character, skills and knowledge, willingness to support their family members or earn more). The motivation can be further triggered by the push factors, such as tax benefits or favourable business legislation. Nevertheless, the push factors alone cannot boost creation of new enterprises as operate in tandem with the pull factors.
Greening of European Cities: Social Benefits of Urban Nature for Urban Air Quality
Authors: Bočkarjova Marija , Kačalová Alexandra
Published: April 2023

While current climate and environmental efforts are mostly focused on the necessary and urgent CO2 emissions cuts, energy transition and climate adaptation, other not least pressing issues such as air quality start reaching the political agenda (European Commission, 2019). In this paper, we address air pollution from the social welfare perspective and bring together two strings of literature on the productivity of green urban infrastructure for ambient air quality and the monetisation of air quality improvements. Based on the EU air quality data by country and city, we identify those regions, which would benefit most from improved urban green infrastructure to improve air quality performance in Europe. We review a set of academic literature on the impact of urban green combating urban air pollution, and provide a synthesis review of social externality costs connected to urban air pollution. We extrapolate, in a stylized manner, the effect of increasing urban vegetation throughout the EU and in a selection of EU cities. Our estimates show that additional 1m2 of green cover throughout the EU cities would lead to 65,9 mln EUR of benefit per year, split about equally between the benefits of improved air quality and carbon sequestration, equivalent to 976 euros per ha per year for air pollutants and 1024 euros per ha per year for carbon abatement.
Numerical Investigation of Length to Beam Ratio Effects on Ship Resistance Using Ranse Method
Authors: Le Tat-Hien , Anh Nguyen Duy , Tu Tran Ngoc , Hoa Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Ngoc Vu Minh
Published: April 2023

The paper discusses the length to beam (L/B) ratio effects on ship resistance at three different Froude numbers using unsteady RANSE simulation. First, the JBC ship model was used as an initial hull form for verification and validation of predicted ship resistance results with measured data, and then the influence of the L/B ratio on ship resistance was carried out. Ship hull forms with different L/B ratios were produced from the initial one by using the Lackenby method. The numerical results obtained show the L/B ratio’s effect on ship resistance. Increases of the L/B ratio led to gradual reduction of the total ship resistance and vice versa. Analysis of the changing of the resistance components indicates that the pressure resistance changes are considerably larger than the frictional one. Finally, the paper analyses the difference in the flow field around the hull of the ship with variation of the L/B ratio to fully understand the physical phenomenon in the change of ship resistance at different L/B parameters.
Study on the Dynamic Response of Deep-Sea Trawlers in Sea Trials
Authors: Xu Qingchao , Xie Yonghe , Cai Hao , Gong Xiwu , Li Detang , Wang Wei , Jia Panpan
Published: April 2023

The increasing use of automation in fishing vessels has improved trawling efficiency while directly affecting the fishing capacity and cost of fishing vessels. Among the various influencing factors, warp tension and warp length can be varied to automatically balance the retraction and release of warp control. We combined the two parameters and independently designed and developed the key equipment for fishing vessels—the warp dynamometer and meter counter—and control software. The accuracy of the warp tension and length measurements was improved. The designed equipment was applied to sea trials under different working conditions, and the test data records were exported. Next, filtered time-domain graphs of the required parameters were plotted through complex Fourier transform, first-order low-pass filtering, and inverse Fourier transform. The results of data processing using various parameters were compared and analysed to determine the variation trends of the parameters and verify the effects of their balance control. The results indicated that using an automatic balance control system that combines warp tension and warp length can be effective for the fishing operation of offshore double-deck trawlers. In addition, first-order low-pass filtering can be used to filter complex warp tension data. This study also determined the relationship between warp tension and experimental parameters such as warp length and ship speed during the release of control. After the balance control of warp tension and warp length, the net mouth area increased by 30.7% and 36.5%, respectively, and the fishing efficiency of the vessel improved considerably.
Adptive Heading Control of Underactuated Unmanned Surface Vehicle Based on Improved Backpropagation Neural Network
Authors: Dong Zaopeng , Li Jiakang , Liu Wei , Zhang Haisheng , Qi Shijie , Zhang Zhengqi
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the challenges to the accurate and stable heading control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicles arising from the nonlinear interference caused by the overlay and the interaction of multi interference, and also the uncertainties of model parameters, a heading control algorithm for an underactuated unmanned surface vehicle based on an improved backpropagation neural network is proposed. Based on applying optimization theory to realize that the underactuated unmanned surface vehicle tracks the desired yaw angle and maintains it, the improved momentum of weight is combined with an improved tracking differentiator to improve the robustness of the system and the dynamic property of the control. A hyperbolic tangent function is used to establish the nonlinear mappings an approximate method is adopted to summarize the general mathematical expressions, and the gradient descent method is applied to ensure the convergence. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of strong robustness, strong anti-interference and high control accuracy. Compared with two commonly used heading control algorithms, the accuracy of the heading control in the complex environment of the proposed algorithm is improved by more than 50%.
Hierarchical Multiscale Fluctuation Dispersion Entropy for Fuel Injection System Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Shi Qingguo , Hu Yihuai , Yan Guohua
Published: April 2023

Marine electronically controlled (ME) two-stroke diesel engines occupy the highest market share in newly-built ships and its fuel injection system is quite different and important. Fault diagnosis in the fuel injection system is crucial to ensure the power, economy and emission of ME diesel engines, so we introduce hierarchical multiscale fluctuation dispersion entropy (HMFDE) and a support matrix machine (SMM) to realise it. We also discuss the influence of parameter changes on the entropy calculation’s accuracy and efficiency. The system simulation model is established and verified by Amesim software, and then HMFDE is used to extract a matrix from the features of a high pressure signal in a common rail pipe, under four working conditions. Compared with vectorised HMFDE, the accuracy of fault diagnosis using SMM is nearly 3% higher than that using a support vector machine (SVM). Experiments also show that the proposed method is more accurate and stable when compared with hierarchical multiscale dispersion entropy (HMDE), hierarchical dispersion entropy (HDE), multiscale fluctuation dispersion entropy (MFDE), multiscale dispersion entropy (MDE) and multiscale sample entropy (MSE). Therefore, the proposed method is more suitable for the modelling data. This research provides a new direction for matrix learning applications in fault diagnosis in marine two-stroke diesel engines.
Who's Being Trafficked? And by Whom? Interview With Drs. Nancy M. Sidun, Yvette G. Flores, Irma Barron, and Jill J. Bloom
Authors: Cannon Bradley
Published: April 2023

Did you know that climate change is affecting human trafficking? Together, Drs. Nancy M. Sidun, Yvette G. Flores, Irma Barron, and Jill J. Bloom share rarely known facts about human trafficking such as tourist trafficking and the reason why some people do not self-identify as being trafficked.
Connecting Culture and Happiness. Interview With Jeanne Tsai, PhD
Authors: Cannon Bradley
Published: April 2023

Culture has been found to influence the way you feel and the way you want to feel. Dr. Jeanne Tsai shares about what ideal affect is and whether you can change the way you want to feel.
Speed Dating With Fields of Psychology. Conversation With Ethan A. McMahan, PhD
Authors: Cannon Bradley
Published: April 2023

Listen to Dr. Ethan A. McMahan's rapid-fire summaries of six fascinating fields of psychology: positive, evolutionary, developmental, sport, social, and forensic.
Getting Tenure
Authors: Boysen Guy A. , Hahn Michael E.
Published: April 2023

With so many competing priorities, how can you know if you are really on the “right track” to obtaining tenure? Drs. Guy A. Boysen and Michael E. Hahn weigh in.
Ландшафтопользование России
Authors: Старожилов В.Т.
Published: April 2023

В пособие отражены компетенции не только теоретических, но и многолетних (30 полевых сезонов) практических экспедиционных исследований Дальнего Востока и выделенного автором Тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса. Они представляют компетенции прикладного научного и практического направления. Пособие нацелено на экологически грамотную подготовку специалистов в области освоения планеты Земля. Отражены компетенции комплексного ландшафтного подхода, основанного на междисциплинарном синтезе, анализе и оценке природы. Компоненты внутреннего содержания природы включают вещественные комплексы, тектонику, рельеф, климат, воды, почвы, растительность, биоценозы полимасштабных ландшафтов. В основу подготовки специалистов положены компетенции о выделенной впервые в России и мире новой парадигме «ландшафтопользование России». Обучение проводится на базе формулирования и рассмотрения компетенций по применению ландшафтопользования России в формировании нооландшафтосферы и фундамента практик экологии, земледелия, охране первичных и трансформированных ландшафтов и других. Все это делается на основе компетенций по новой стратегии развития геосистемы Восток России – Мировой океан, предлагается проведение актуальной паспортизации ландшафтов России. Формулируются компетенции стратегических возможностей применения исследований ландшафтной школы профессора Старожилова при планировании и управлении как комплексного, так и отраслевого освоения территорий Дальневосточного федерального округа и России. Все рассмотренные и впервые предложенные компетенции – основа обучения специалистов различных профилей. Для студентов учебных заведений, ученых, производственных специалистов, руководителей органов управления.
Trends and Return Frequencies of Hot and Cold Extreme Events in Northern Vietnam from 1961–2018
Authors: Duc Thanh Ngo , Thi Khanh Hoa Bui
Published: April 2023

This study used observed data of maximum daily temperature (Tx) and average daily temperature (T2m) from 48 meteorological stations to investigate hot (SU35, Tx≥35 ºC), severe hot (SU37, Tx≥37 ºC), cold (FD15, T2m≤15 ºC), and severe cold (FD13, T2m≤13 ºC) events in Northern Vietnam from 1961 to 2018. Trends and frequency characteristics of SU35, SU37, FD15, and FD13 were calculated and discussed. Results showed a significant increase in the number of hot and severe hot days, while there was a notable decrease in the number of cold and severe cold days in the northern region of Vietnam. The North Central region experienced the highest increase in the number of severe hot days, ranging from 2  to 5 days per decade. In contrast, the Northwest and Northeast regions had the highest decline in the number of cold days, with  a rate of 3.5 to 4.5 days per decade for cold and 1 to 3 days per decade for severe cold days. The return values of Tx for the SU35 and SU37 thresholds for 10-year and 50-year return periods exceeded 41 ºC in the Northern Delta and North Central regions, which was higher than other regions (37–40 ºC). Meanwhile, the return values of T2m for the FD15 and FD13 thresholds were the lowest in the Northeast, typically ranging from 3 to 7 ºC for a 50-year return period. These results highlight the necessity of planning adaptation measures to address changes  in hot and cold extreme events, particularly in the key industrial areas of Northern Vietnam, in the context of climate change.

 Keywords: Climate change, extreme hot and cold events, generalized Pareto distribution, trend analysis.