bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological markers of Alzheimer's disease in cerebrospinal fluid: clinical and laboratory comparisons
Authors: Shevtsova K. V. , Rozhkov D. O. , Grishina D. A. , Grinyuk V. V. , Zakharov V. V. , Kashakanova N. M. , Koberskaya N. N. , Kosivtsova O. V. , Lokshina A. B. , Starchina Yu. A. , Tyurina A. Yu. , Fedorova A. Yu. , Parfenov V. A.
Published: June 2024

Diagnostic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on the typical clinical picture of the disease and the exclusion of other diseases manifesting by cognitive and behavioural disorders by MRI scans of the brain and laboratory tests. For an accurate diagnosis of AD and exclusion of other diseases, detection of biological markers (biomarkers) of AD in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is of great importance: a decrease in the level of beta-amyloid (Ав^ -42) and an increase in the level of phosphorylated tau protein. The analysis of AD biomarkers in the CSF of 63 patients (16 men and 47 women, mean age 72±8.7 years) with a typical picture of AD [30 patients in the moderate cognitive impairment (MCI) stage and 33 in the mild dementia stage] allowed us to confirm the diagnosis in 54 cases (85.3%) and to exclude it in the remaining nine patients (14.7%). We present a case of a 59-year-old patient with MCI in whom biomarkers typical of AD were detected in the CSF, confirming the diagnosis of AD. We also present the observations of two patients with possible AD, in whom the results of the CSF examination made it possible to rule out AD and indicated hippocampal sclerosis and tauopathy. At present, an accurate diagnosis of AD based on the study of biomarkers of the disease is of great practical importance, since at the stage of MCI and mild dementia it is possible to prevent the progression of AD with anti-amyloid therapy. Currently, AD is rarely diagnosed in our country, so it is of great importance to inform physicians about modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Readiness for Change in the Hospitality Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Saptari Fiska Maya , Dudija Nidya
Published: June 2024

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of organizational culture, perceived organizational support, and organizational commitment on readiness for change. This type of quantitative research is quantitative research where the sample is 111 respondents who were analyzed using SEM-PLS. The results showed that organizational culture, perceived organizational support, and organizational commitment positively affect readiness for change. Studies show that if the organizational culture, perceived organizational support, and organizational commitment are reasonable, it will increase employee readiness for change during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research implies that The Royale Krakatau Hotel can create a web-based knowledge management system or application that can distribute employee knowledge anywhere and anytime. Second, it is important to pay attention to non-financial support, such as providing a more transparent employee of the month so that employees feel that the assessment is correct. Third, the organization can routinely look up to and calculate the workload of each employee so that the compensation and workload provided by the company are by the provisions without harming employees. Fourth, a change agent should be formed to manage any resistance to change and be more sensitive to the reasons why employees resist change to improve the employees' ability to understand and manage resistance to change.
Pressure broadening and narrowing due to oxygen and nitrogen gas mixtures at 1270 nm band: part III
Authors: Ahmad Al-Jalali Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Collisional effects on the absorption spectrum of oxygen and nitrogen gas mixtures at 1270 nm band appear as a broadening or narrowing at the component of Lorentzian width in the Voigt profile. The deconvolution method of spectral lines reveals two kinds of bands, the first centered at 1264 nm, and the second centered at 1268 nm. At high pressures, the Gaussian full width may be fixed, and Voigt's full width at half maximum (FWHM) nearly equals to Lorentzian full width. Partial pressures of each gas were between 1-10 bar at 298 K. New results highlight the effect of nitrogen as a collisional partner on the oxygen spectrum.
PACS: 32.30. Bv; 33.20. Ea; 33.20.-t; 34.50.-s; 34.50. Ez; 51.30. +I; 87.64. km.
A hybrid framework for sustaining and managing Somali indigenous knowledge
Authors: Jama Madar Mohamed , Ahmed Sulub Mohamed , A Omar Abdisamad
Published: June 2024

This paper represents the important of preserving Somali Indigenous Knowledge for the future generations to come. This paper presents a systematic review of the indigenous knowledge Management Systems deployed for different sectors in Africa and other countries in the world. The acquisition and management of IK is being used to rejuvenate endangered cultural practices and improve domestic socio-economic sustainability of Somali society. This paper presents how social media platforms and their components could be integrated into the KMS to manage and sustain Somali Indigenous knowledge (IK). The discovery of knowledge and its utilization is now fueled by the advancement of technology, which connects users to external sources through different platforms. The rapidly increasing use of SM and mobile technologies creates opportunities to form knowledge networks that can facilitate the process of creating, preserving, and sharing knowledge and skills that are unique to communities in the Somali context. As an oral society with rich IK and other cultural practices, Somali society lacked a framework to organize the existing knowledge in various methods. We used knowledge products from journal articles, policy documents, working papers, policy briefs, and other gray literature. The paper refers to existing methodology E-learning and KM functions. If properly integrated, this method first identifies functional similarities between SM, E-Learning, and KM systems and their interactions. The proposed framework consists of two functional parts; KM and SM. The KM part involves knowledge capturing, validation, formatting, storing, and distribution. SM part of the framework involves knowledge presentation, sharing, and application. Since the Somalis are said to be an oral society, this framework helps to capture and disseminate IK residing in knowledge holders.
Análise ergonômica do trabalho e dinâmica de sistemas
Authors: Lucas Ruan Eduardo Carneiro , Merino Eugenio Andrés Díaz , Mattos Diego Luiz de
Published: June 2024

O setor de panificação, decorrente da sua competitividade, demanda das organizações mecanismos para aumentar a eficiência. Contudo, a busca pela melhoria contínua pode negligenciar os fatores humanos, tornando os aspectos ergonômicos secundários. Por isso, o afastamento do trabalhador decorrente de doenças ocupacionais requer atenção. Isto posto, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar as condições ergonômicas em uma panificadora mediante Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET) e, a partir disso, projetar cenários para o número de afastamentos a partir da Dinâmica de Sistemas (DS). O estudo, que foi desenvolvido no setor de produção de uma panificadora localizada na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, utilizou-se uma abordagem metodológica dupla, representada pelo desenvolvimento inicial da AET e complementada com um modelo de simulação a partir da DS. A análise ergonômica mostrou que o desgaste físico e o número de afastamentos estavam relacionados ao volume produtivo, e que eram necessárias mudanças imediatas no setor. Além disso, o modelo de simulação indicou que poderiam acontecer 35 afastamentos se as condições laborais fossem mantidas para o período de um ano. Concluiu-se que a associação da AET com a DS proporcionou uma análise mais ampla das condições existentes, configurando-se em uma alternativa metodológica para melhor compreensão das condições ergonômicas.
Proposta de design de serviço para a construção do processo de recrutamento e seleção remoto em uma empresa de tecnologia
Authors: Cosme Breno Bianchi , Oliveira Mariana Sarro Pereira de , Longhini Tatielle Menolli
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho é resultado de um estudo desenvolvido em uma empresa de tecnologia de Governador Valadares, atuante no mercado de desenvolvimento de soluções digitais. A pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver um processo de design de serviço a fim de propor um meio de construir um processo de recrutamento e seleção remoto que seja centrado no candidato. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa-ação, que tem como características ser aplicado e exploratório, com abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, foram utilizados a experiência do analista de Gente e Gestão da empresa estudada, como meio de coletar informações e propor soluções em conjunto, bem como uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Após a coleta de todas as informações necessárias, foi desenvolvida a forma como o processo de recrutamento e seleção se relaciona com o design de serviços e os passos que devem ser seguidos do design de serviço para construir uma boa experiência de recrutamento e seleção remoto. Desta forma, concluiu-se que o design de serviço possui um arcabouço grande de ferramentas que possuem como objetivo, deixar o usuário no centro, sendo utilizado para construir uma boa experiência. Sendo a boa experiência, fator decisivo no sucesso de um serviço ou produto, inclusive o processo de recrutamento e seleção remoto.
Alavancagem das vendas por cross-selling e up-selling por meio de soluções digitais
Authors: Fagundes Paula Lamperti , Pereira Giancarlo Medeiros , Trento Luiz Reni , Milan Gabriel Sperandio , Borchardt Miriam , Souza Michele de
Published: June 2024

Nos últimos anos as plataformas de vendas on-line surgiram como alternativa e contribuíram para fortalecer a conexão além do ponto de venda físico entre consumidores e marcas. Pensando nisso, com a intenção de contribuir para o aprimoramento dos conhecimentos relacionados ao comércio em conjunto com o Metaverso, este estudo tem como objetivo principal identificar os requisitos para alavancar as vendas utilizando técnicas consolidadas no mercado – cross-selling e upselling – em itens de moda (vestuário e calçado), por meio de soluções digitais e tecnologias imersivas, as quais estão delimitadas no escopo do Metaverso. A análise das informações levantadas sugere que os varejistas precisam compreender o potencial das novas tecnologias. Essa compreensão permitiria ao varejo contribuir com o aprimoramento de soluções tecnológicas em desenvolvimento, pois soluções mais bem desenhadas podem elevar as experiências dos usuários, bem como coletar e armazenar informações acerca do comportamento de compra dos consumidores. As temáticas envolvidas nesta pesquisa abrangem soluções emergentes no ramo tecnológico e varejista.
Synchronization and Spatial Clustering of Business Cycles of Russian Regions
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Kim Andrey , Merzlyakov Igor ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: June 2024

This paper considers cyclical processes occurring in the regions of Russia in the period between 2010 and 2021. The authors assess the closeness of the relationship between regional business cycles, the indicator of which is changes in the unemployment rate. The cyclical component of regional unemployment, identified using the Hodrick – Prescott filter, is compared to the cyclical component of unemployment at the national level and at the level of the corresponding federal district. Tables showing the dynamics of the weighted average correlation coefficient of regional business cycles by federal districts are constructed. Correlation and sliding window analysis of the dynamics showed that almost all regional cycles became significantly more synchronized with both the entire country and the corresponding federal district after declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. At the same time, the gap between the degree of synchronization of regional business cycles with the national cycle and the degree of synchronization of regional business cycles with the cycle of the corresponding federal district was not significant throughout most of the period under study
About Some Factors of Differences in the Work of Public Sector by Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors:   IEIE SB RAS, Tarasova Olga ,   Novosibirsk State University, Soldatenko Elena ,   IEIE SB RAS,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: June 2024

The influence of geographical location of regions of the Russian Federation on the results of the public sector, as well as factors of national diversity and urbanization, were considered. The applied methodological approach is based on the construction of regional indices PSP (Public Sector Performance), grouping and comparison. Based on data for 2015–2021 were shown the differences in the work of the public sector in northern and southern regions, located in the Asian and European parts of the Russian Federation, as well as regions that differ in the level of urbanization and the degree of national diversity. The hypothesis about the influence of border regions’ specifics was not confirmed. The analysis of the performance of the public sector is presented in the context of eight blocks of indicators: «Security», «Healthcare», «Education, Science and Innovation», «Social Support», «Sports and Culture», «Transport», «Ecology», «Economic Development». The obtained results, according to the authors, may be useful in the formation of regional economic policy
Fertility of Urban and Rural Population in Post-Soviet Russia: Regional Trends
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Yegor Domnich
Published: June 2024

Fertility – a quantitative expression of the intensity of childbearing in a population – is one of the most important socio-economic parameters of the development of society. Its spatial and temporal characteristics have key importance for regional development. Based on an analysis of the total fertility rate for 79 regions of Russia during 1993–2022, the characteristics of the fertility of the urban and rural population, which are reproduced regardless of the territorial grouping of the regions, were identified. The total fertility rates were calculated for groups of regions allocated according to the administrative- territorial division of the Russian Federation and depending on the birth rate in real generations of women. Regardless of the grouping of regions, it was found that the birth rate of the urban population began to increase significantly already in the first period of growth (2000– 2006), associated with an improvement in the overall socio-economic level. The rate of its increase doubled during the second growth period (2007–2015), associated with the institution of maternity capital. At the same time, the birth rate of the rural population showed no signs of growth in general during the first period of growth but showed twice the rate of increase compared to the urban population during the second period of growth. The rate of decline in rural fertility in both the first recession period (1993–1999) and the second (2015–2022) was on average twice that of the urban population, indicating the distinctive vulnerability of rural fertility
Russia and China: Interaction in Terms of Land Transport at the Present Stage
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Bardal Anna
Published: June 2024

The paper presents an overview of the dynamics of cross-border interactions between Russia and the PRC in terms of road and rail modes of transportation in 2020–2023. It is shown that transportation services underwent changes determined by short-term and long-term factors. In the period under consideration, short-term factors had a more significant impact: 1) restrictions related to COVID-19 infection control measures (2020–2022); 2) reduction of the pandemic threat and gradual lifting of the applied restrictions (from the beginning of 2023). Long-term factors also influenced transportation interactions. The paper analyzes the growth of containerization, changes in institutional conditions, increased demand for transportation in the context of growing sanctions pressure on Russia and reorientation of transport and logistics flows. The processes of adjustment of rail and road cross-border correspondence in the context of freight and passenger segments, as well as individual checkpoints on the border between Russia and China are considered. It is noted that by the beginning of 2024 the transport interactions between the countries have been restored at the «pre-pandemic» level and are developing: construction of transport infrastructure facilities continues, technical equipment of border checkpoints is being improved, new organizational forms of transportation (special container trains, new routes, transportation technologies) are being implemented
Migration Processes in the Far Eastern Subjects of the Russian Federation: Trends in 2023
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Naiden Svetlana , Kuryan Snezhana ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: June 2024

The article examines the migration trends that have developed in 2023 in the context of the Far Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation and in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) as a whole. Among the considered indicators characterizing the territorial movement of the population: the number of arrivals and departures, the balance of migration, interregional interaction, migration interactions with countries near and far abroad, and the regional structure of migration. The analysis period mainly covers eight quarters, starting from Q1 2022 to Q4 2023, and in some cases, comparisons are made with the parameters of 2019. Official publications and operational data of Rosstat were used as information sources. The features of migration registration and regulatory restrictions on attracting migrants to work in the subjects of the Russian Federation as part of the Far Eastern Federal District in 2022–2023 and for the period 2024 are presented
Criminal responsibility for ecocide resulting from the military aggression of Russia
Authors: Kharytonov Sergiy O. , Orlovskyi Ruslan , Us Olha , Iashchenko Andrii , Maslova Olena
Published: June 2024

Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine has led to the destruction of natural resources, ecosystems, and infrastructure. These actions have violated international principles of environmental safety. The hostilities have caused serious damage to nature reserves, wetlands, and soil. Air and water pollution have a transboundary effect. Russia’s actions threaten future generations and the climate. That is why the creation of a mechanism to ensure environmental safety is an urgent problem for world civilization. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the criminal responsibility for ecocide in the context of Russia’s military aggression and identify the existing legislative problems in this area and ways to overcome them. The methodology of the study of ecocide and its connection with Russia’s military aggression includes analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, dialectic, analytics, analogy, abstraction, and generalization. These methods help to reveal the essence of the problem, establish legal norms, and develop recommendations and priorities for regulating ecocide.
Revitalisation and Revival of Traditional Musical Instruments in Poland in the Context of Music Contests
Authors: Nowak Tomasz
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to the issue of revitalisation and revival of traditional musi- cal instruments in Poland in the context of music competitions. Research on revival activities in Poland is rare, as is research on the phenomenon of traditional music competitions. Meanwhile, over the last nine decades, traditional music competitions have become the main environment for the public presentation of traditional music and stimulating the revival and revitalisation of indi- vidual musical phenomena. In this area, I have been conducting my own participant observations and archival research for over two decades. I understand the revival phenomenon itself and the activities that constitute it after Caroline Bithell and Juniper Hill (2013). The distinction between the terms revitalisation and revival is based on that made by Ingrid Åkesson (2006) and Ulrich Morgenstern (2019). In the text I discuss the issue of revitalisation of the Podhale bagpipes and the revival of the hurdy-gurdy. I also show that the phenomenon of the revival of musical tradi- tion is accompanied by processes of depreciation of the role, importance or presence of other instruments, such as the accordion or clarinet. I also show the important role of the activism of leading figures among both researchers and lovers of traditional music, as well as musicians and instrument builders.
On an Optimal AFEM for Elastoplasticity
Authors: Schönauer Miriam , Schröder Andreas
Published: June 2024

In this paper, optimal convergence for an adaptive finite element algorithm for elastoplasticity is considered. To this end, the proposed adaptive algorithm is established within the abstract framework of the axioms of adaptivity [C. Carstensen, M. Feischl, M. Page and D. Praetorius,
Axioms of adaptivity,
Comput. Math. Appl. 67 2014, 6, 1195–1253], which provides a specific proceeding to prove the optimal convergence of the scheme. The proceeding is based on verifying four axioms, which ensure the optimal convergence. The verification is done by using results from [C. Carstensen, A. Schröder and S. Wiedemann,
An optimal adaptive finite element method for elastoplasticity,
Numer. Math. 132 2016, 1, 131–154], which presents an alternative approach to optimality without explicitly relying on the axioms
Kat\v{e}tov--Blass order and measurable filters on ℕ
Authors: Millán Andres
Published: June 2024

In this note we consider a family

𝖪𝖡𝖭

{\sf KBN}

of filters on ω which are null, with respect to
the standard product measure on

2
ω

{2^{\omega}}

in some
strong sense and we prove in

𝖹𝖥𝖢

{{\sf ZFC}}

that this class
includes all universally measurable filters.
Also, we construct

2
𝔠

{2^{\mathfrak{c}}}

-many

𝖪𝖡𝖭

{\sf KBN}

filters which are not universally measurable
and show that
the Filter Dichotomy Principle (

𝖥𝖣𝖯

{{\sf FDP}}

)
of A. Blass and C. Laflamme implies that
every member of

𝖪𝖡𝖭

{\sf KBN}

is meager.
In addition, we prove that if the identity

min
⁡

{

𝖺𝖽𝖽
⁢

(
𝒩
)

,
𝔱
}

=
𝔡

{\min\{{\sf add}(\mathcal{N}),\mathfrak{t}\}=\mathfrak{d}}

holds,
there are non-meager filters in

𝖪𝖡𝖭

{\sf KBN}

.
Thus, the existence of non-meager

𝖪𝖡𝖭

{\sf KBN}

filters
is independent of the axioms of

𝖹𝖥𝖢

{{\sf ZFC}}

.
On the geometry of semi-slant submanifolds of a conformal Kenmotsu manifold
Authors: Siddesha M. S. , Bagewadi C. S. , Ramesha M.
Published: June 2024

The object of this paper is to conduct an in-depth
examination of semi-slant submanifolds within the framework of a
conformal Kenmotsu manifolds. Our investigation is centered around
identifying and understanding the conditions that ensure the
integrability of both invariant and slant distributions, which play
a pivotal role in defining semi-slant submanifolds. Additionally, we
prove some interesting results for semi-slant submanifolds with
parallel canonical structures.
Fetal bradyarrhythmias: classification, monitoring and outcomes of 40 cases at a single center
Authors: Demirci Oya , Gezer Murad , Tosun Öykü
Published: June 2024

Objectives

To assess congenital fetal bradyarrhythmias with regard to etiological causes, features, risk factors, and prognosis.

Methods

This retrospective study involved fetuses with fetal bradyarrhythmias. All fetuses were evaluated by ultrasonography. Parental ECGs and family histories were obtained, and maternal autoantibodies were measured. Gestational age at diagnosis, fetal atrial and ventricular rates at presentation, type of bradyarrhythmias, the presence or absence of a congenital heart defect (CHD), fetal hydrops, fetal myocardial dysfunction, extra-cardiac abnormalities, maternal autoimmune diseases, maternal autoantibodies as well as prenatal treatment, and neonatal outcome were collected.

Results

Of the 40 fetuses included in the study, 11 had maternal rheumatologic disease, 16 had complex cardiac anomalies such as left and right isomerism. Fetuses with CHD significantly differed from those without CHD with increased rates of extra-cardiac anomalies, hydrops, fetal deaths and shorter survival after 28 days (p<0.05). Survival was significantly better in fetuses with maternal rheumatic disease as compared with those with no maternal rheumatic disease (p<0.05). Maternal anti-arrhythmic therapy was administered in 11 fetuses. In utero maternal treatment resulted in no significant difference in the course of arrhythmia or hydrops in fetuses with or without maternal rheumatic disease (p<0.05). In regression analysis, the absence of fetal hydrops was the only independent factor associated with survival (p=0.04).

Conclusions

The course of bradyarrhythmias, along with survival, seems to be more favorable in fetuses with maternal rheumatic disease than in those with CHD, especially left and right isomerism. Hydrops was the sole independent factor associated with poor survival.
A short report on a probability-based interpretation of quantum mechanics
Authors: Rocchi Paolo
Published: June 2024

This study calls attention to the current state of the probability (P) domain which presents weak points at the mathematical level and more significant flaws at the application level. Popper noticed how fundamental issues raised in quantum mechanics (QM) directly derive from unresolved probabilistic questions. Endless philosophical debates create more problems than solutions, so the author of this research suggests going directly to the root of the issues and searching for the probability theory which formalizes the multifold nature of P. This study offers a brief overview of the structural theory of probability, recently published in a book, and applies it to QM in order to show its completeness. The whole probability-based interpretation of QM goes beyond the limits of a paper and these pages condense a few aspects of this theoretical scheme. The double slit experiment is used to corroborate the theorems presented here.
The Dorsal Part of the Anterior Tuberal Nucleus Responds to Auditory Stimulation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Corrales Parada Carlos Daniel , Mayer Uwe , Chagnaud Boris P.
Published: June 2024

The zebrafish, a widely used model in neurobiology, relies on hearing in aquatic environments. Unfortunately, its auditory pathways have mainly been studied in larvae. In this study, we examined the involvement of the anterior tuberal nucleus (AT) in auditory processing in adult zebrafish. Our tract-tracing experiments revealed that the dorsal subdivision of AT is strongly bidirectionally connected to the central nucleus of the torus semicircularis (TSc), a major auditory nucleus in fishes. Immunohistochemical visualization of the ribosomal protein S6 (pS6) phosphorylation to map neural activity in response to auditory stimulation substantiated this finding: the dorsal but not the ventral part of AT responded strongly to auditory stimulation. A similar response to auditory stimulation was present in the TSc but not in the nucleus isthmi, a visual region, which we used as a control for testing if the pS6 activation was specific to the auditory stimulation. We also measured the time course of pS6 phosphorylation, which was previously unreported in teleost fish. After auditory stimulation, we found that pS6 phosphorylation peaked between 100 and 130 min and returned to baseline levels after 190 min. This information will be valuable for the design of future pS6 experiments. Our results suggest an anatomical and functional subdivision of AT, where only the dorsal part connects to the auditory network and processes auditory information.
Practical Bayesian Inference in Neuroscience: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Embrace the Distribution
Authors: Coventry Brandon S. , Bartlett Edward L.
Published: June 2024

Typical statistical practices in the biological sciences have been increasingly called into question due to difficulties in the replication of an increasing number of studies, many of which are confounded by the relative difficulty of null significance hypothesis testing designs and interpretation ofp-values. Bayesian inference, representing a fundamentally different approach to hypothesis testing, is receiving renewed interest as a potential alternative or complement to traditional null significance hypothesis testing due to its ease of interpretation and explicit declarations of prior assumptions. Bayesian models are more mathematically complex than equivalent frequentist approaches, which have historically limited applications to simplified analysis cases. However, the advent of probability distribution sampling tools with exponential increases in computational power now allows for quick and robust inference under any distribution of data. Here we present a practical tutorial on the use of Bayesian inference in the context of neuroscientific studies in both rat electrophysiological and computational modeling data. We first start with an intuitive discussion of Bayes' rule and inference followed by the formulation of Bayesian-based regression and ANOVA models using data from a variety of neuroscientific studies. We show how Bayesian inference leads to easily interpretable analysis of data while providing an open-source toolbox to facilitate the use of Bayesian tools.
Body Dissatisfaction in Overweight Adolescents: The Role of Self Compassion and Gender
Authors: Meitasya Brigitta Komala , Sugiariyanti Sugiariyanti
Published: June 2024

The body changes during adolescence, from puberty to adulthood. Late adolescents generally have completed physical development and grown to their full adult height. These changes make them pay great attention to their body. Females tend to regard a slender body shape as attractive, while males tend to perceive a more masculine muscular body shape as attractive. They might feel that their body is not as good as other people, especially adolescents who are overweight. Body dissatisfaction refers to holding negative thoughts or feelings about one’s body image. Those who are dissatisfied with their body will describe the difference between their subjective perception of their body and their ideal body image. Individuals’ attitude who are patient, kind, and understanding instead of judging themselves when facing shortcomings is known as self-compassion. The first purpose of this research was to find out the relationship between self-compassion with body dissatisfaction among overweight adolescents, and the second was how body dissatisfaction differs between males and females. The sample in this research used purposive sampling and obtained 103 late adolescent participants who had BMI > 23kg/m². Measuring tools used in this study were the Indonesian version of Self-Compassion Scale and the Body Shape Questionnaire-34. Based on the correlation test results obtained a negative relationship between self-compassion with body dissatisfaction. So if overweight adolescents’ self-compassion is getting higher, their body dissatisfaction becomes lower and vice versa. The difference test showed that females were more dissatisfied with their bodies than males. In general, the level of both self-compassion and the level of body dissatisfaction of participants were at medium category.
The Quality of Life of Women Divorced due to Domestic Violence
Authors: Dian Nur Latifah  , Sheilla Varadhila Peristianto
Published: June 2024

The Indonesian government defines domestic violence as any act of violence against a person, particularly women, that results in physical, sexual, psychological, or economic harm or suffering within the home. This encompasses threats of violence, coercion, and the deprivation of freedom. The high prevalence of domestic violence and the negative impacts that occur on victims of domestic violence make problems related to domestic violence a significant problem that affects the quality of life. This research employs a qualitative research method with a case study approach, with the objective of elucidating the quality of life of women who are divorced as a result of domestic violence. The findings of this study indicate that the participants' physical condition deteriorated following divorce, increasing their susceptibility to disease. Furthermore, the psychological condition of the participants was found to be poor, their spiritual quality was low, and their social relationships declined. However, following the commencement of employment, women who were divorced due to domestic violence were ultimately able to enhance their quality of life, including attaining greater financial stability and psychological well-being. This was characterized by a lack of fear and depression. Furthermore, there was a discernible improvement in their quality of life in social relationships, manifested in the form of numerous interpersonal connections
The mediating roles of customer evaluation and user motivation in the effect of mobile marketing on customer engagement
Authors: Yıllar Selin , Yükselen Cemal
Published: June 2024

This study mainly aims to investigate the mediation effects of user motivation and customer evaluation regarding the effect of the perception related to mobile marketing applications on customer engagement. The recommended conceptual model is tested by collecting data from 627 mobile application users living in Istanbul via an online survey. This study reveals that perceived advantage and perceived challenge positively affect the four dimensions of customer engagement, which are co-developing, influencing, augmenting and mobilizing behaviours and also with domain-specific interest, need for cognition and cognition satisfaction, perceived enjoyment, and perceived control positively affect customer engagement, and mediate the relationship of the perception related to the mobile marketing applications with customer engagement. It has significantly contributed to understanding customer behaviours against the technological features of mobile applications.
İslâm Hukukuna Göre Kâğıt Paranın Temellendirilmesi
Authors: Kundak Oğuzhan
Published: June 2024

Para: Mal ve hizmetlerin mübadelesinde ve bunların kıymet belirlemesinde bir vasıtadır. Geçmişten günümüze kadar buğday, hurma, post, mızrak ve balta gibi metalar; demir, bakır, altın ve gümüş gibi madenler; süftece ve banknot gibi kâğıtlar ve dijital varlıklar para olarak kullanılmıştır. Ortaya çıkışı ve yaygınlığı diğerlerine göre daha yakın bir tarihte vaki olan banknotların değer ölçüsü olma niteliği, yapısı ve çeşidi İslâm hukukunda tartışmalıdır. Bu makalede banknotların İslâm hukukuna göre para niteliği taşıyıp taşımadığı, şayet para ise hangi yapı ve çeşitte bir para olduğu incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda iktisat bilimi ve fıkıh literatüründeki para tarihi, teorisi ve çeşitleri araştırılmış ve uluslararası para sistemi göz önünde bulundurularak kâğıt para temellendirilmiştir. Sonuç itibariyle banknotların ıstılahî olarak değer ölçüsü niteliği taşıdığı, tedavüle sürülüş şekline göre hükme tabi olması gerektiği ve dinar, dirhem, fülûs vb. diğer paralardan farklı şekilde kâğıt para olarak müstakil bir para olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Şîîleşmiş Şirazlı Bir Tacire Sünnî Ecdadından Miras Kalan Mesâbîhu’s-Sunne Nüshasının Hikâyesi
Authors: Kalaycı Mehmet
Published: June 2024

Bu yazı, metin dışı bilgiler üzerinden el-Begavî’nin Mesâbîhu’s-Sunne adlı eserinin bir nüshasının dolaşım hikâyesini ele alır. İsfahanlı Azîz-i Mâşâze nüshanın ilk sahibidir; bu nüshadan hareketle Bağdat’ta Mesâbîh’i oturumlar halinde Sirâcuddîn el-Kazvînî’ye okur ve ondan icazet alır. Sonrasında memleketine döner ve burada uzunca bir süre kendi nüshasından hareketle Mesâbîh’i okutur. Nüshanın ondan sonraki sahibi, Mesâbîh için Mecduddîn el-Fîrûzâbâdî’den bir icazet alan bir kimsedir. Nüsha muhtemelen 9./15. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Herat’a taşınır; Herat Gıyâsiyye Medresesi’nde müderrislik yapan Sa‘deddîn-i Fârisî’nin mülkiyetine girer ve onun adına ilgili medreseye vakfedilir. Safevîlerle Şeybânîler arasındaki siyasi ve askeri rekabetin neden olduğu kargaşa ortamında nüsha muhtemelen Herat’tan çıkar. Nüshanın yeni sahibi Şirazlı Şâfiî bir tacir ailesidir. Safevîlerin Şîîlik merkezli dinî siyasetinin zamanla iyice arttığı bir ortamda Şirazlı ailenin sonraki kuşakları da Şîîleşir. Ama buna rağmen, Mesâbîh nüshası olmak üzere Şâfiî-Sünnî atalarından kalan kitapları gizli bir biçimde mülklerinde tutarlar. Eskiden Basra Kadılığı yapmış bir kişi 11./17. yüzyılın ilk yarısında, Şiraz’ı ziyareti sırasında aile ile tanışır ve yüksek bir bedel ödeme pahasına Mesâbîh nüshasını satın alır; nüshayı temin sürecinin hikâyesini de baştaki vikaye sayfalarına not eder. Muhtemelen onun sayesinde Sünnî coğrafyaya taşınan nüshanın son sahibi Şeyhülislam Feyzullah Efendi olur. Kendi adına oluşturduğu kütüphaneye vakfettiği nüsha, halen de bu statüsünü korur. Yazı, nüshanın kısaca özetlediğimiz bu dolaşım hikâyesinin tahlilini esas almaktadır.
Hicret Özelinde Sünnetin Kur’an’ı Neshi
Authors: Eryılmaz Hasan
Published: June 2024

İslam dininde vahyin insan yaşamına etkisi çeşitli evrelerde gerçekleşmiştir. Bu süreçte, dönemin koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak bazı geçici hükümler devreye sokulmuş, amaçlar gerçekleşince bu hükümler değiştirilerek asıl hükümler belirlenmiştir. Nesh olgusu, hayatın akışı içinde doğal bir zorunluluk olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu uygulama, tedricilik ve kolaylaştırma prensipleriyle yaşamın gerçeklerine uygunluğuyla ilgili çeşitli ilim dallarının ilgisini çekmiştir. İslam âlimleri, bu konuyu farklı şekillerde ele almış ancak sünnetin Kur'an'ı nesh etme konusu çeşitli tartışmalarla ön plana çıkmıştır. Sünnetin Kur'an'ı nesh edebileceği üzerine yapılan çalışmalar belli örnekler etrafında gerçekleşmiş, ancak bu örneklerin neshi mümkün kılabilecek güce sahip olmadığı iddia edilmiştir.
Bu makalede, sünnetin Kur'an'ı nesh etme konusu usul kitaplarında bulunmayan bir örnek üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bazı ayetlerde Mekke’den Medine’ye hicret bir iman şartı gibi sunulmuş, bilhassa Nisa Suresi 97. ayette hicret şartını yerine getirmeyenler cehennemle tehdit edilmiştir. Ancak bu denli kati bir üslupla ifade edilen hicret emrinin bazı hadislerle nihayete erdiği ve inkıtâya uğradığı bildirilmiştir. Bu manzara hicret olgusu üzerinden Kur’an’ın sünnet ile neshi tartışmalarına imkân vermektedir. Makalede bu konu İslam âlimlerinin görüşlerine de yer verilmek suretiyle, hicret farizasının sürekliliği farklı sosyo-politik ve dini bağlamlar çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır.
İrtidad Hadiseleri Bağlamında Yemâme Bölgesinin İslâm’a İntibak Süreci
Authors: Aslandoğdu Elif Kübra
Published: June 2024

Hz. Peygamber’in hayatının son zamanlarında baş gösteren irtidad ve isyan hadiseleri, Hz. Ebû Bekir’in halifelik sürecinde İslâm toplumunu ciddi mahiyette etkisi altına almıştır. Kaynaklarda Hz. Ebû Bekir’in yarımadadaki sükûneti sağlamak adına yaptığı savaşlar genellikle ridde savaşları başlığı altında zikredilmektedir. Bununla birlikte isyan hareketlerinin tamamını “ridde” şeklinde tanımlamak çok isabetli görünmemektedir. Ayaklanmaların birbirinden farklı sebepleri olduğu gibi, itaatsizlik gösteren toplumların tamamının da İslâmiyet’e dahil olmaları söz konusu değildi. Zira bazı kabileler İslâm’ı kabul etmeseler dahi cizye anlaşması yaptıkları için Medine İslâm Devleti’nin siyasî egemenliği altındaydılar. İlerleyen zamanlarda görülen otoriteye başkaldırılar ise, zekâtın verilmek istenmemesi veya Hz. Peygamber’in vefatıyla anlaşmanın sona erdiği düşüncesi yahut da peygamberlik iddiasıyla ortaya çıkan kimseleri destekleme şeklinde tezahür etmiştir. Bu çalışmada peygamberlik iddiasıyla ortaya çıkan, kabilesi Benî Hanîfe’den aldığı destekle devletin bekasını zora sokan bir isyan hareketinin önderliğini yapan Müseylime b. Habîb’in Yemâme bölgesinin İslâm’a intibak sürecini nasıl ve ne yönde etkilediği ele alınmaktadır. Makalede Yemâmelilerin İslâm’la ilk tanışmalarının nasıl gerçekleştiği, toplumun yeni dine entegrasyonunun ne oranda olduğu, çok kısa bir zaman dilimi içerisinde peygamberliğe ortaklık iddiasında bulunan bir kimseye neden destek verdikleri hususları değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Daha öncesinde Hz. Peygamber’in İslâm’a çağırdığı Yemâme’nin Hristiyan yöneticisi Hevze b. Alî’nin, daveti kabul etmek için yönetime ortak edilme şartını sunduğu gibi Müseylime’nin de kabilesinin lideri olarak peygamberlik makamına ortak edilmeyi istemesi ve bu hedefi doğrultusunda mücadele vermesi aslında Yemâme’nin yarımadanın en dirençli bölgelerinden biri olduğunun altını çizmektedir. Zikredilen hususlardan hareketle bu çalışma İslâmlama intibak sürecinin kendi içinde çeşitli denge unsurlarını barındırdığını göstermesi ve hem şahıs hem de bir bölge incelemesi olması açısından yapılacak yeni araştırmalara katkı sağlayacaktır.
Quality Improvement Project Reducing Sputum Cultures for Pediatric Patients With a Tracheostomy
Authors: Harris Baila , Kern Kristina , Benner Christopher , Moses James , Artinian Hovig
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Current research implies overuse of diagnostic testing and overtreatment in children with tracheostomies. There are no guidelines for obtaining sputum cultures for these patients, yet they are commonly obtained without significantly affecting management or outcomes. The aim of our quality improvement project was to decrease rate of sputum cultures in this population by 50%, from 64% to 32%.

METHODS

This was a single-center quality improvement project conducted in a pediatric emergency department (ED). Key drivers included: Standardized decision-making, appropriate culture collection, knowledge regarding colonization versus clinically relevant growth, and viral versus bacterial infections in this population. The study team developed an algorithm, used modification to electronic medical records orders, and provided education to drive change. Six months of preintervention and 12 months postintervention data were collected. Run charts/statistical process charts were created for the rate of cultures, length of stay, and return to the ED.

RESULTS

There were 159 patient encounters and the rate of sputum cultures decreased from 64% at baseline to 25% without change in length of stay or increased rate at which patients returned to the ED, including during local coronavirus disease 2019 and respiratory syncytial virus surges. We observed nonrandom data patterns after introduction of algorithm resulting in centerline shifts.

CONCLUSIONS

The study team was able to introduce an algorithm coinciding with a reduction in number of sputum cultures obtained. Next steps would be determining safety and efficacy of such an algorithm over a larger population.
Psychological Outcomes in Families of PICU Survivors: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ko Michelle Shi Min , Lee Wai Kit , Sultana Rehena , Murphy Beverly , Heng Katrina Yi Ching , Loh Sin Wee , Poh Pei Fen , Lee Jan Hau
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Pediatric critical illness exposes family members to stressful experiences that may lead to subsequent psychological repercussions.

OBJECTIVE

To systematically review psychological outcomes among PICU survivors’ family members.

DATA SOURCES

Four medical databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and PsycInfo) were searched from inception till October 2023.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies reporting psychological disorders in family members of PICU patients with at least 3 months follow-up were included. Family members of nonsurvivors and palliative care patients were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION

Screening and data extraction was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.

RESULTS

Of 5360 articles identified, 4 randomized controlled trials, 16 cohort studies, and 2 cross-sectional studies were included (total patients = 55 597; total family members = 97 506). Psychological distress was reported in 35.2% to 64.3% and 40.9% to 53% of family members 3 to 6 months and 1 year after their child’s PICU admission, respectively. Post-traumatic stress disorder was diagnosed in 10% to 48% of parents 3 to 9 months later. Parents that experienced moderate to severe anxiety and depression 3 to 6 months later was 20.9% to 42% and 6.1% to 42.6%, respectively. Uptake of mental counseling among parents was disproportionately low at 0.7% to 29%. Risk factors for psychiatric morbidity include mothers, parents of younger children, and longer duration of PICU stay.

LIMITATIONS

The majority of studies were on parents with limited data on siblings and second degree relatives.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a high burden of psychological sequelae in family members of PICU survivors. Risk stratification to identify high-risk groups and early interventions are needed.
Perturbation of an α-stable type stochastic process by a pseudo-gradient
Authors: Boiko Mykola , Osypchuk Mykhailo
Published: June 2024

A Markov process defined by some pseudo-differential operator of an order $1\lt \alpha \lt 2$ as the process generator is considered. Using a pseudo-gradient operator, that is, the operator defined by the symbol $i\lambda |\lambda {|^{\beta -1}}$ with some $0\lt \beta \lt 1$, the perturbation of the Markov process under consideration by the pseudo-gradient with a multiplier, which is integrable at some large enough power, is constructed. Such perturbation defines a family of evolution operators, properties of which are investigated. A corresponding Cauchy problem is considered.
Transmission-scanning electron microscopy of interface fracture of ferrite deformation twins
Authors: Koko Abdalrhaman , Marrow T. James
Published: June 2024

Deformation twins in the ferrite matrix of an age-hardened duplex stainless steel have been observed using on-axis transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) in a scanning electron microscope. This provided details of the lattice misorientation and dislocation arrangement, including the dislocation-free zone at the twin tip. These observations provide evidence for the link between microcracking of the irregular twin/parent interface and relaxation of the residual strains that arise from twin growth, offering new insights into fracture mechanics in these materials.

Graphical abstract
“They are all here to see and touch”
Authors: Bria Gianfranco , Giorda Maria Chiara
Published: June 2024

The sanctuary of St Anthony of Padua (Kisha e Shna Ndout) in Laç, northern Albania, is one of the most visited religious places in Albania. The small church, built there and ministered by Franciscans, is now an impressive place of worship frequented by Catholics, Muslims and Christian Orthodox. Throughout the year, pilgrims from across the country, but also from Kosovo, visit the sanctuary. On the 12th and 13th of June of each year, an official pilgrimage is held, which reaches its climax on the night of the 12th when many thousands of Albanians sleep in the shrine seeking blessings and healing. This article aims to explore pilgrimage-related practices, wherein arises materiality as a privileged means of reaching out to the divine and as a reaction to silencing during the communist era (1945–1991). Such practices are overshadowed by nationalist discourse, in which ethnic-linguistic membership outweighs the religious one, even undermining procedural and terminological normativity.