bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cluster Technology as a basis for the competitive development of industries in Russia
Authors: Prokhorova Viktoriya V. , Artemova Elena I. , Miroshnichenko Marina B. , Rafaelovna Avanesova Rita
Published: July 2020

In the context of globalization (Acuña, 2011) and the pressure of sanction on the national economy of the Russian Federation, the problem of the provision of competitiveness of industrial companies stands out. Economic policy in the national economy, oriented more towards the raw material component, has ceased to correspond to the modern requirements of society. In relation to this provision, new state priorities appeared, focused on improving scientific and technological development, innovation and modernization of the industrial complex, etc., which, in turn, requires the development of new mechanisms and appropriate instruments for the regulation of economic relations in the industrial sector, and the implementation of government support for the industry. However, it must be recognized that federal and regional sustainable development programs and industrial management mechanisms used in modern realities are not effective enough because they generally aim at the isolated solution of local problems. It is indisputable and obvious to all that it is impossible to reach the level of global competition without the progressive and competitive development of the main industries. One of the most constructive solutions to this problem is the cluster approach. Our country has some experience and achievements. So in 2012, employees of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation developed a group-oriented program, the implementation of which involves twenty-five industrial groups. Cluster technologies allow the creation of synergistic and multiplier effects, which, in the end, is a boost for the development of economic growth. But despite all the preferences of the cluster approach, national cluster technologies were unable to implement their advantages, indicating the continued stagnation of industrial production. In this way, the purpose of this research is to study the possibilities of effective use of cluster technologies in the Russian industrial field.
Komunikasi Partisipatif dan Jaringan Komunikasi dalam Membangun Aksi Kolektif Perkumpulan Petani Pengguna Air (P3A) di Daerah Irigasi Papah
Authors: Amalia Rizki Mila , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi , Fitri Resfa
Published: July 2020

The research background is government’s goal to achieve food self-sufficiency, but it is difficult to increase food production because of the water scarcity due to climatic anomalies, presumably may affect communication activities and collective action of groups that manages irrigation system at the grassroots level. The objectives of this research are to analyze the level of participatory communication and communication network in group, and also to analyze its impact to collective action rates. Research was conducted on Farmer Water Users Associations in irrigation area Papah, began in March to April 2016. The approach taken with qualitative method and designed as a census on the character of descriptive correlation. The result showed that good ability on dialogue and high chance of expressed aspirations, did not necessarily made the participation of members in collective action becomes high. Collective action find in P3A with difficulty in obtaining water for their farming activities in the dry season. Network density GP3A Papah is 1,4 percent, it means low interaction occurs among actors. Collective action would decrease in P3A with high-density network, because in these conditions would create a closed network and occurred high homogeneity of the information so new informations and innovations difficult to enter the network.Keywords : aspiration, collective action, communication network, dialogue
Jaringan Komunikasi Pelaku Inovasi Agribisnis Kolam Ikan Air Deras di Kecamatan Caringin Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Gunawan Imsar , Purnaningsih Ninuk , Ginting Basita
Published: July 2020

Running water fish culture is one of the techniques in freshwater fish cultivation. This activity forms an agribusiness system and interactions from the individuals involved. These interactions form a communication network. This study aimed to provide a description of running water fish culture innovation, analyze the interpersonal communication networks in running water fish culture agribusiness, factors that influence the interpersonal communication networks, and analyze the factors that influence business sustainability. This research which used the census method was conducted in Caringin Subdistrict Bogor Regency. Survey results show that the communication network formed was of scattered personal networks. The outdegree centrality and indegree centrality values obtained were categorized as medium respectively. The closeness centrality value is also in the medium category. Whereas the betweenness centrality value for running water fish agribusiness participants is known to be the highest. Those individuals with high betweenness centrality values possess the ability to organize communication in their networks.
Pengaruh Hambatan Komunikasi Antarbudaya Suku Sunda dengan Non-Sunda terhadap Efektivitas Komunikasi
Authors: Ananda Lingga Detia , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi
Published: July 2020

Cultural diversity in Indonesia has positive and negative impacts. Generally, the positive impact is becoming a nation's wealth that could be a capital to unite the nation. In the other hand, the negative impact which occurred if this cultural diversity can not be integrated and well-organized so it will make misinterpret which is ultimately can lead to conflict and discord nation. This study aims to 1) analyze the communication effectiveness, 2) analyze intercultural communication barriers which occurred between Sundanese and non-Sundanese, 3) analyze the influence of intercultural communication barriers on the communication effectiveness between Sundanese and non-Sundanese. The research is located in Tanjungbaru village, Cikarang Timur district, Bekasi Regency considering the number of migrants with diverse ethnics. The methodology of this research was survey research method (explanatory), with the questionnaire as a research instrument, and supported by qualitative data that obtained through in-depth interviews to the informants. The sampling technique that used was simple random sampling with 40 pairs of friends that have different cultures. The statistical analysis used multiple linear regression test that the result showed that there is a significant influence in intercultural communication barriers on communication effectiveness. The most significant influence on the effectiveness communication of the sequential is psychocultural barriers, cultural barriers and environmental barriers.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Pertanian dan Pengentasan Kemiskinan
Authors: Burhan Ahmad Badari
Published: July 2020

This study is intended to gain a better understanding of the use of ICTs from several developing countries for the purpose of developing agricultural economics and poverty alleviation. From the lessons learned, it is expected to get opportunities and challenges that must be addressed in relation to the use of ICTs for the development of agricultural economics and poverty alleviation, especially in Indonesia. The literature study method from several developing countries shows that ICTs play a role in helping farmers in decision making, in terms of planting and harvesting time because this is important in agricultural development. In this case, ICT empowers farmers with productive assets and marketing, increasing their productive capacity so that reducing their poverty status. Affordable ICT services in rural communities have played a very strong role in improving the economic conditions of the population that contribute to the rural economy. ICTs have the potential to be effective instruments in supporting poverty alleviation. In Indonesia, ICTs have not been used properly for agricultural business development because of the low level of education in agricultural business households and access to information on internet media. To overcome the information gap for rural households/ communities is to make the extension officers more effective, accelerate the development of telecommunications infrastructure in order to strengthen telecommunications signals, and provide continuous support to rural farmers and agricultural businesses.
Ayurvedic Management of Shwitra (Vitiligo)
Authors: Gavali Kishor A , Gavali Preeti K , Londhe Deepak J
Published: July 2020

Vitiligo is the most common pigmentation disorder and is described as Shwitra/Kilasa in Ayurveda due to its characteristic appearance. It is caused by the imbalance of all three Doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) vitiating Rakta, Mamsa, and Medadhatus. Shwitra is harmless but a very serious cosmetic problem which affects the emotional, psychological, and social well-being of the affected person. An 11-year-old male diagnosed with vitiligo vulgaris (Shwitra), presented with complaints of increasing area and number of depigmented patches of skin which was managed by following Ayurveda principles. A treatment protocol was designed based on the signs and symptoms observed in this patient. The protocol includes Shodhana (Dipana-Pachana, Snehapana followed by Virechana), followed by Shamana treatment with a combination of powdered herbal drugs, viz., Manjishtha (Rubia cordifolia), Bakuchi (Psoralea corylifolia), Lodhra (Symplocos racemose), and Nagkeshara (Mesua ferrea) powder and Arogyavardhini Vati orally along with Bakuchi Taila (oil) for local application. The treatment protocol was found to be effective in the reversal of depigmented patches to repigmentation, which may be adopted in future cases, using different combinations of drugs based upon the different Ayurvedic parameters to obtain even better results.
Índices de preferencia de arbustivas ramoneadas por el venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) en el noreste de México
Authors: Segura-Carmona Juan E. , Bernal-Barragán Hugo , Carrera-Treviño Rogelio , Ibarra-Gil Humberto
Published: July 2020

El venado cola blanca texano (Odocoileus virginianus texanus) es un rumiante oportunista selectivo que puede llegar a consumir más de 100 especies vegetales en su dieta a lo largo del año. Sin embargo, la dieta del venado se compone con menos de 10 especies, principalmente especies arbustivas en el sur de Texas y noreste de México. Los objetivos del estudio fue comparar el consumo con base en materia seca y el índice de selectividad de arbustivas por el venado cola blanca, e investigar las relaciones entre algunas características físicas y químicas de las arbustivas que puedan afectar su consumo. Fueron usados cuatro venados. Se les ofrecieron ramas colocadas en comederos durante periodos de 15 minutos. Leucaena leucocephala, Acacia farnesiana y Acacia rigidula, estas fueron las especies más consumidas; además, lo encontrado fue una relación negativa entre el contenido de hierro y la tasa de consumo, así como una relación negativa entre el consumo y el porcentaje de tallo.
Evaluación de la actividad de inspección de recursos forestales en México
Authors: Castro Salazar Jesús Ignacio , Luyando Cuevas José Raúl
Published: July 2020

Los inspectores ambientales son parte importante de la gobernanza ambiental por su labor de vigilar el cumplimiento de la legislación en materia forestal. México es reconocido a nivel internacional por su amplia extensión territorial forestal. Las Áreas Naturales Protegidas son un instrumento en la conservación de recursos forestales. El artículo presenta una evaluación de la actividad de inspección de los recursos forestales en México, en términos del personal autorizado para efectuar dicha labor y limitantes de incidencia para cuidar los recursos. La información fue obtenida en bases de datos oficiales sobre el número de inspectores, actividades ejecutadas y áreas protegidas. Se apreció que el número de inspectores asignados para vigilar los terrenos forestales no ha crecido a la par del mayor número de hectáreas a vigilar, pese a que las denuncias y el deterioro forestal ha continuado e inclusive incrementado.
Mass Accommodation and Gas-Particle Partitioning in Secondary Organic Aerosols: Dependence on Diffusivity, Volatility, Particle-phase Reactions, and Penetration Depth
Authors: Shiraiwa Manabu , Pöschl Ulrich
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Mass accommodation is an essential process for gas-particle partitioning of organic compounds in secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The mass accommodation coefficient is commonly described as the probability of a gas molecule colliding with the surface to enter the particle phase. It is often applied, however, without specifying if and how deep a molecule has to penetrate beneath the surface to be regarded as incorporated into the condensed phase (adsorption vs. absorption). While this aspect is usually not critical for liquid particles with rapid surface-bulk exchange, it can be important for viscous semisolid or glassy solid particles to distinguish and resolve the kinetics of accommodation at the surface, transfer across the gas-particle interface, and further transport into the particle bulk. For this purpose, we introduce a novel parameter: an effective mass accommodation coefficient αeff that depends on penetration depth and is a function of surface accommodation coefficient, volatility, bulk diffusivity, and particle-phase reaction rate coefficient. Application of αeff in the traditional Fuchs-Sutugin approximation of mass-transport kinetics at the gas-particle interface yields SOA partitioning results that are consistent with a detailed kinetic multilayer model (KM-GAP, Shiraiwa et al., 2012) and two-film model solutions (MOSAIC, Zaveri et al., 2014) but deviate substantially from earlier modeling approaches not considering the influence of penetration depth and related parameters. For highly viscous or semisolid particles, we show that the effective mass accommodation coefficient remains similar to the surface accommodation coefficient in case of low-volatile compounds, whereas it can decrease by several orders of magnitude in case of semi-volatile compounds. Such effects can explain apparent inconsistencies between earlier studies deriving mass accommodation coefficients from experimental data or from molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings challenge the approach of traditional SOA models using the Fuchs-Sutugin approximation of mass transfer kinetics with a fixed mass accommodation coefficient regardless of particle phase state and penetration depth. The effective mass accommodation coefficient introduced in this study provides an efficient new way of accounting for the influence of volatility, diffusivity, and particle-phase reactions on SOA partitioning in process models as well as in regional and global air quality models.
PSCs initiated by mountain waves in a global chemistry-climate model: A missing piece in fully modelling polar stratospheric ozone depletion
Authors: Orr Andrew , Hosking J. Scott , Delon Aymeric , Hoffmann Lars , Spang Reinhold , Moffat-Griffin Tracy , Keeble James , Abraham Nathan Luke , Braesicke Peter
Published: July 2020

Abstract. An important source of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which play a crucial role in controlling polar stratospheric ozone depletion, is from the temperature fluctuations induced by mountain waves. These enable stratospheric temperatures to fall below the threshold value for PSC formation in regions of negative temperature perturbations or cooling-phases induced by the waves even if the synoptic-scale temperatures are too high. However, this formation mechanism is usually missing in global chemistry–climate models because these temperature fluctuations are neither resolved nor parameterised. Here, we investigate in detail the episodic and localised wintertime stratospheric cooling events produced over the Antarctic Peninsula by a parameterisation of mountain-wave-induced temperature fluctuations inserted into a 30-year run of the global chemistry-climate configuration of the UM-UKCA (Unified Model – United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol) model. Comparison of the probability distribution of the parameterised cooling-phases with those derived from climatologies of satellite-derived AIRS brightness temperature measurements and high-resolution radiosonde temperature soundings from Rothera Research Station on the Antarctic Peninsula shows that they broadly agree with the AIRS-observations and agree well with the radiosonde-observations, particularly in both cases for the “cold tails” of the distributions. It is further shown that adding the parameterised cooling-phase to the resolved/synoptic-scale temperatures in the UM-UKCA model results in a considerable increase in the number of instances when minimum temperatures fall below the formation temperature for PSCs made from ice water during late austral autumn/early austral winter and early austral spring, and without the additional cooling-phase the ice frost point is rarely exceeded above the Antarctic Peninsula in the model. Similarly, it was found that the formation potential for PSCs made from ice water was many times larger if the additional cooling is included. For PSCs made from NAT particles it was only during October that the additional cooling is required for the NAT temperature threshold to be exceeded (despite more NAT PSCs occurring during other months). The additional cooling-phases also resulted in an increase in the surface area density of NAT particles throughout the winter and early spring, which is important for chlorine activation. The parameterisation scheme was finally shown to make substantial differences to the distribution of total column ozone during October, resulting from a shift in the position of the polar vortex.
Three-dimensional wind profiles using a stabilized shipborne cloud radar in wind profiler mode
Authors: Protat Alain , McRobert Ian
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In this study, a shipborne 95 GHz Doppler cloud radar mounted on a stabilized platform is used to retrieve vertical profiles of
three-dimensional (3D) winds by sequentially pointing the stabilized
platform in different directions. A specific challenge is that the maximum
angle off zenith is 8∘, which implies that the projection of the
horizontal wind components onto the radar beam directions is a small
component of Doppler velocity in most cases. A variational 3D wind retrieval
technique is then described, allowing for 1 min 3D wind profiles to be
retrieved. Statistical comparisons with 3-hourly radiosonde launches from
the ship indicate that horizontal wind profiles can be obtained from such
cloud radar observations at small off-zenith angles with biases less than
0.2 m s−1 and standard deviations of differences with radiosonde winds
less than 2.5 m s−1.
Assimilation of lidar planetary boundary layer height observations
Authors: Tangborn Andrew , Demoz Belay , Carroll Brian J. , Santanello Joseph , Anderson Jeffrey L.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Lidar backscatter and wind retrievals of the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) are assimilated into 22 hourly forecasts from the NASA Unified – Weather and Research Forecast (NU-WRF) model during the Plains Elevated Convection Convection at Night (PECAN) campaign on 11 July 2015 in Greensburg, Kansas, using error statistics collected from the model profiles to compute the necessary covariance matrices. Two separate forecast runs using different PBL physics schemes were employed, and comparisons with 5 independent sonde profiles were made for each run. Both of the forecast runs accurately predicted the PBLH and the state variable profiles within the planetary boundary layer during the early morning, and the assimilation had little impact during this time. In the late afternoon, the forecast runs showed decreased accuracy as the convective boundary layer developed. However, assimilation of the doppler lidar PBLH observations were found to improve the temperature, water vapor and velocity profiles relative to independent sonde profiles. The computed forecast error covariances between the PBLH and state variables were found to rise in the late afternoon, leading to the larger improvements in the afternoon. This work represents the first effort to assimilate PBLH into forecast states using ensemble methods.
Observations of precipitation energies during different types of pulsating aurora
Authors: Tesema Fasil , Partamies Noora , Nesse Tyssøy Hilde , McKay Derek
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Pulsating aurora (PsA) is a diffuse type of aurora with different structures switching on and off with a period of few seconds. It is often associated with energetic electron precipitation (10 keV) resulted in the interaction between magnetospheric electrons and electromagnetic waves in the magnetosphere. Recent studies categorize pulsating aurora into three different types: amorphous pulsating aurora (APA), patchy pulsating aurora (PPA), and patchy aurora (PA) based on the spatial extent of pulsations and structural stability. Differences in precipitation energies of electrons associated with these types of pulsating aurora have been suggested. In this study, we further examine these three types of pulsating aurora using electron density measurements from the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) VHF/UHF radar experiments and Kilpisjärvi Atmospheric Imaging Receiver Array (KAIRA) cosmic noise absorption (CNA) measurements. Based on ground-based all-sky camera images over the Fennoscandian region, we identified a total of 92 PsA events in the years between 2010 and 2020 with simultaneous EISCAT experiments. Among these events, 39, 35, and 18 were APA, PPA, and PA types with a collective duration of 58 hrs, 43 hrs, and 21 hrs, respectively. We found that below 100 km, electron density enhancements during PPAs and PAs are significantly higher than during APA. However, there are no appreciable electron density differences between PPA and APA above 100 km, while PA showed weaker ionization. The altitude of the maximum electron density also showed considerable differences among the three types, centered around 110 km, 105 km, and 105 km for APA, PPA, and PA, respectively. The KAIRA CNA values also showed higher values on average during PPA (0.33 dB) compared to PA (0.23 dB) and especially APA (0.17 dB). In general, this suggests that the precipitating electrons responsible for APA have a lower energy range compared to PPA and PA types. Among the three categories, the magnitude of the maximum electron density shows higher values during PPA at lower altitudes and in the late MLT sector (after 5 MLT). We also found significant ionization down to 70 km during PPA and PA, which corresponds to ~ 200 keV energies of precipitating pulsating aurora electrons.
Configuration and Evaluation of a Global Unstructured Mesh Model
based on the Variable-Resolution Approach
Authors: Zhou Yihui , Zhang Yi , Li Jian , Yu Rucong , Liu Zhuang
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Targeting a long-term effort towards a global weather and climate model with a local refinement function, this study systematically configures and evaluates the performance of an unstructured model based on the variable-resolution (VR) approach. Aided by the idealized dry- and moist-atmosphere tests, the model performance is examined in an intermediate degree of complexity. The dry baroclinic wave simulations suggest that the 3D VR-model can reproduce comparable solutions in the refined regions as a fine-resolution quasi-uniform (QU) mesh model, although the global errors increase. The variation of the mesh resolution in the transition zone does not adversely affect the wave pattern. In the coarse-resolution area, the VR model simulates a similar wave distribution to the low-resolution QU model. Two multi-region refinement approaches, including the hierarchical and polycentric refinement modes, further testify the model performance under a more challenging environment. The moist idealized tropical cyclone test further enables us to examine the model ability in terms of resolving fine-scale structures. It is found that the VR model can have the tropical cyclone stably pass the transition zone in various configurations. A series of sensitivity tests examines the model performance in a hierarchical refinement mode, and the solutions exhibit consistency even when the VR mesh is slightly perturbed by one of the three parameters that control the density function. Moreover, only the finest resolution has a dominant impact on the fine-scale structures in the refined region. The tropical cyclone, starting from the 2nd-refinement region and passing through the inner transition zone, gets intensified and possesses a smaller area coverage in the refined regions, as compared to the QU-mesh model that has the same number of grid points. Such variations are consistent with the behavior that one may observe when uniformly refining the QU-mesh model. Besides the horizontal resolution, the intensity of the tropical cyclone is also influenced by the Smagorinsky horizontal diffusion coefficient. The VR model exhibits higher sensitivity in this regard, suggesting the importance of parameter tuning and proper model configurations.
KLT-IV v1.0: Image velocimetry software for use with fixed and
mobile platforms
Authors: Perks Matthew T.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Accurately monitoring river flows can be challenging, particularly under high-flow conditions. In recent years, there has been considerable development of remote sensing techniques for the determination of river flow dynamics. Image velocimetry is one particular approach which has been shown to accurately reconstruct surface velocities under a range of hydro-geomorphic conditions. Building on these advances, a new software package, KLT-IV v1.0 has been designed to offer a user-friendly graphical interface for the determination of river flow velocity and river discharge using videos acquired from a variety of fixed and mobile platforms. Platform movement can be accounted for when ground control points and/or stable features are present, or where the platform is equipped with a differential GPS device and inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor. The application of KLT-IV v1.0 is demonstrated using two case studies at sites in the UK: (i) River Feshie; and (ii) River Coquet. At these sites, footage is acquired from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and fixed cameras. Using a combination of ground control points (GCPs), and differential GPS and IMU data to account for platform movement, image coordinates are converted to real world distances and displacements. Flow measurements made with a UAS and fixed camera are used to generate a well-defined flow rating curve for the River Feshie. Concurrent measurements made by UAS and fixed camera are shown to deviate by < 4 % under high-flow conditions where maximum velocities exceed 3 m s−1. The acquisition of footage on the River Coquet using a UAS equipped with differential GPS and IMU sensors enabled flow velocities to be precisely reconstructed along a 180 m river reach. In-channel velocities of between 0.2 and 1 m s−1 are produced. Check points indicated that unaccounted for motion in the UAS platform is in the region of 6 cm. These examples are provided to illustrate the potential for KLT-IV to be used for quantifying flow rates using videos collected from fixed, or mobile camera systems.
ICON in Climate Limited-area Mode (ICON Release Version 2.6.1): a new regional climate model
Authors: Pham Trang Van , Steger Christian , Rockel Burkhardt , Keuler Klaus , Kirchner Ingo , Mertens Mariano , Rieger Daniel , Zaengl Guenther , Frueh Barbara
Published: July 2020

Abstract. For the first time the limited-area mode of the new weather and climate model ICON has been used for a continuous long-term regional climate simulation over Europe. Building upon ICON-LAM, ICON-CLM v.0 (ICON in Climate Limited-area Mode, hereafter ICON-CLM) is an adaptation for climate applications. A first version of ICON-CLM is now available and has already been integrated into a starter package (ICON-CLM_SP). The starter package provides users with a technical infrastructure that facilitates long-term simulations as well as model evaluation and test routines. ICON-CLM and ICON-CLM_SP were successfully installed and tested on two different computing systems. Test with different domain decompositions showed bit-identical results, and no systematic outstanding differences were found in the results with different model time steps. Comparison was done between ICON-CLM and COSMO-CLM (the recommended model configuration by the CLM-Community) performance. For that, an evaluation run with ERA-Interim boundary conditions was carried out with the setups similar to the COSMO-CLM recommended optimal setups. ICON-CLM results showed biases in the same range as those of COSMO-CLM for all evaluated surface variables. This is remarkable because the COSMO-CLM simulation was carried out with the latest model version which has been developed for two decades and was carefully tuned for climate simulations on the European domain. Furthermore, ICON-CLM already showed a better performance for air temperature, its daily extremes, and total cloud cover. Results for precipitation and mean sea level pressure did not show clear advantage from any model. However, as ICON-CLM is still in the early stage of development, there is still much room for improvement.
Hydrological Signals in Tilt and Gravity Residuals at Conrad Observatory (Austria)
Authors: Meurers Bruno , Papp Gábor , Ruotsalainen Hannu , Benedek Judit , Leonhardt Roman
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The Superconducting Gravimeter GWR C025 monitors the vertical component of the gravity vector at the Conrad Observatory (Austria) since autumn 2007. Two tilt meters operate continuously since spring 2016: a 5.5 m long interferometric water level tilt meter and a Lippmann-type 2D pendulum tilt sensor. The co-located and co-oriented set up enables a wide range of investigations because tilts are sensitive both to geometrical solid Earth deformations and to gravity potential changes. The tide free residuals of the SG and both tilt meters clearly reflect the gravity/deformation effects associated with short- and long-term environmental processes and reveal a complex water transport process at the observatory site. Water accumulation on the terrain surface causes short-term (a few hours) effects which are clearly imaged by the SG gravity and N-S tilt residuals. Long-term (> a few days/weeks) tilt and gravity variations occur frequently after long-lasting rain, heavy rain or rapid snowmelt. Gravity and tilt residuals are associated to the same hydrological process but have different physical causes. SG gravity residuals reveal the gravitational effect of water mass transport, while modelling results exclude a purely gravitational source of the observed tilts. Tilt residuals show the response on surface loading instead. N-S tilt signals are much stronger than those of the E-W component most probably due to the well-known cavity effect of the 150 m long tunnel oriented in E-W direction.
Assimilation of vegetation optical depth retrievals from passive microwave radiometry
Authors: Kumar Sujay V. , Holmes Thomas R. , Bindlish Rajat , de Jeu Richard , Peters-Lidard Christa
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Vegetation optical depth (VOD) retrievals from passive microwave sensors
provide analog estimates of above-ground canopy biomass.
This study presents the development and analysis of assimilating
VOD retrievals from X-, C-, and L-band passive microwave
instruments within the Noah-MP land surface model over the
Continental U.S.
The results from this study demonstrate that the assimilation of VOD retrievals
have a significant beneficial impact on the simulation of
evapotranspiration and GPP, particularly over the
agricultural areas of the U.S. The improvements in the
water and carbon fluxes from the
assimilation of VOD from X- and C-band sensors are found
to be comparable to those obtained from the assimilation of
vegetation indices from optical sensors.
The study also quantifies the relative and joint impacts of assimilating surface soil moisture and VOD from the Soil Moisture
Active Passive (SMAP) mission.
The utility of soil moisture assimilation for improving evapotranspiration (ET) is more significant over water-limited regions, whereas VOD
DA is more impactful over areas where soil moisture is
not the primary controlling factor on ET.
The results also indicate that the information on
moisture and vegetation states from SMAP can be
simultaneously exploited through the joint assimilation of
surface soil moisture and VOD.
Since passive microwave-based VOD retrievals are available in
nearly all weather conditions, their use within data
assimilation systems offers the ability
to extend and improve the utility obtained from the use of
optical/infrared-based vegetation retrievals.
Deep Learning of Aftershock Hysteresis Effect Based on Elastic Dislocation Theory
Authors: Chen Jin , Tang Hong , Chen Wenkai
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This paper selects fault source models of typical earthquakes across the globe and uses a volume extending 100 km horizontally from each mainshock rupture plane and 50 km vertically as the primary area of earthquake influence for calculation and analysis. A deep neural network is constructed to model the relationship between elastic stress tensor components and aftershock state at multiple time scales, and the model is evaluated. Finally, based on the aftershock hysteresis model, the aftershock hysteresis effect of the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and Tohoku earthquake in 2011 is analyzed, and the aftershock hysteresis effect at different depths is compared and analyzed. The correlation between the aftershock hysteresis effect and the Omori formula is also discussed and analyzed. The constructed aftershock hysteresis model has a good fit to the data and can predict the aftershock pattern at multiple time scales after a large earthquake. Compared with the traditional aftershock spatial analysis method, the model is more effective and fully considers the distribution of actual faults, instead of treating the earthquake as a point source. The expansion rate of the aftershock pattern is negatively correlated with time, and the aftershock patterns at all time scales are roughly similar and anisotropic.
Satellite-based sea ice thickness changes in the Laptev Sea from 2002 to 2017: comparison to mooring observations
Authors: Belter H. Jakob , Krumpen Thomas , Hendricks Stefan , Hoelemann Jens , Janout Markus A. , Ricker Robert , Haas Christian
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The gridded sea ice thickness (SIT) climate data record (CDR) produced by the European Space Agency (ESA) Sea Ice Climate Change Initiative Phase 2
(CCI-2) is the longest available, Arctic-wide SIT record covering the period from 2002 to 2017. SIT data are based on radar altimetry measurements of
sea ice freeboard from the Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) and CryoSat-2 (CS2). The CCI-2 SIT has previously been validated with in situ
observations from drilling, airborne remote sensing, electromagnetic (EM) measurements and upward-looking sonars (ULSs) from multiple ice-covered
regions of the Arctic. Here we present the Laptev Sea CCI-2 SIT record from 2002 to 2017 and use newly acquired ULS and upward-looking acoustic
Doppler current profiler (ADCP) sea ice draft (VAL) data for validation of the gridded CCI-2 and additional satellite SIT products. The ULS and ADCP
time series provide the first long-term satellite SIT validation data set from this important source region of sea ice in the Transpolar Drift. The
comparison of VAL sea ice draft data with gridded monthly mean and orbit trajectory CCI-2 data, as well as merged CryoSat-2–SMOS (CS2SMOS) sea ice
draft, shows that the agreement between the satellite and VAL draft data strongly depends on the thickness of the sampled ice. Rather than providing
mean sea ice draft, the considered satellite products provide modal sea ice draft in the Laptev Sea. Ice drafts thinner than 0.7 m are
overestimated, while drafts thicker than approximately 1.3 m are increasingly underestimated by all satellite products investigated for this
study. The tendency of the satellite SIT products to better agree with modal sea ice draft and underestimate thicker ice needs to be considered for
all past and future investigations into SIT changes in this important region. The performance of the CCI-2 SIT CDR is considered stable over time;
however, observed trends in gridded CCI-2 SIT are strongly influenced by the uncertainties of ENVISAT and CS2 and the comparably short investigation
period.
El imaginario como tótem
Authors: Moreno Rodríguez Ramón
Published: July 2020

El imaginario como tótem. Reseña bibliográfica por Ramón Moreno Rodríguez.

Pérez Amezcua, Luis Alberto. Hermes en la encrucijada. Análisis mitocrítico de las novelas líricas de los Contemporáneos. Guadalajara (México): STAUdeG, 2019, 214 pp. ISBN: 9786079427740.
La invasión silenciosa de la tecnología inteligente. Una relectura de “Los caballos de Abdera” de L. Lugones
Authors: Esparza Gustavo , Bravo Nassim
Published: July 2020

En el presente artículo se elucidan las fronteras epistemológicas entre el mito y la ciencia ficción dentro del cuento “Los caballos de Abdera” (Las Fuerzas extrañas). Se sostiene que la relectura mitológica desarrollada por Lugones en su cuento si bien no es ciencia ficción (CF), presenta un modelo de naturalización de los eventos fantásticos. En la primera parte se muestran las claves hermenéuticas de esta interpretación lugoniana resaltando la flexibilidad de los mitos para adaptarse a los modelos narrativos de diversas épocas; en la segunda parte, aprovechando la plasticidad del formato mítico, se analiza el proceso de habituación a través del cual se ha naturalizado el uso exagerado de la tecnología en nuestras prácticas diarias para con ello delinear uno de los tópicos recurrentes del género de la CF: las invasiones de seres extraños.
The Potential of Generating Electrical Energy from Digester Carbon Waste Sources at Erwat Wastewater Treatment Facilities, South Africa
Authors: Mabaso Thembeka , Topkin James Lamont , Rampedi Isaac Tebogo , Modley Lee-Ann Sade
Published: July 2020

Biogas, a renewable energy source, is generated from biomass under anaerobic treatment. Anaerobic treatment of biomass occurs within a vessel – also known as a digester – that is fully sealed off from air and usually has naturally occurring bacteria to allow digestion and
the production of biogas. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of generating electrical energy from digester carbon waste sources. A GIZ/WEC model was utilized together with other WWTPa-based parameters to calculate the potential electricity that could be
generated daily in two plants (Vlakplaats and Waterval), and the size of combined heat and power (CHP) suitable for the WWTPs was also identified. In terms of gaseous composition, four components were found in the biogas with CH4 and CO2 being the main constituents, having concentrations between
30%-38% and 62%-70% for CO2 and CH4, respectively. The electricity generated was on average 3 861 kWeh/day for the Vlakplaats plant and 21 777 kWeh/day for Waterval. Overall, the generation of electricity through the use of biogas is achievable, primarily when the amount of biogas produced
on a daily basis reaches or exceeds the estimated biogas usage. The results obtained from this analysis showed estimate efficacy and consistency in the amount of electricity that can be generated.
Lead Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Using Manganese Oxides Recovered from Spent Alkaline Batteries
Authors: Medici Franco , Patterer María Silvina , Peluso Miguel Andrés , Sambeth Jorge Enrique
Published: July 2020

Lead is a highly toxic element and can cause serious illnesses, as a consequence of this, stringent limits have been set for this element, especially regarding drinking water. In this paper, the potential of manganese oxides (MnOx) as adsorbents for the removal of lead (as
Pb II) from synthetically contaminated water was investigated. These oxides were recovered from alkaline batteries by a bio-hydrometallurgical process through potassium permanganate (KMnO4) precipitation. The MnOx was characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscopy
(SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The surface area of the material was determined using the N2 isotherm by the BET method. Batch tests were performed on untreated manganese oxides at different temperatures (10, 25 and 40°C),
utilizing initial adsorbate concentration ranging from 5 to 100 mg L-1 and contact times between 1 minute and 30 minutes. The Langmuir isotherm provided the best correlation for the adsorption process, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 9.51 (mg g–1) at 10
°C. Kinetic studies revealed that the lead adsorption onto MnOx followed a pseudo-second order kinetic model, while the thermodynamic study has highlighted that the adsorption of lead is exothermic and spontaneous.
Assessment of Pesticide Wastes Disposal Practices by Cocoa Farmers in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Sosan M.B. , Oladepo O.W. , Ajibade T.S.
Published: July 2020

A survey of pesticide wastes disposal practices by cocoa farmers was carried out using a structured questionnaire supplemented with personal interviews to obtain information from respondents. Data were subjected to statistical analysis. Sixty-three percent of the farmers had no formal
training on proper disposal of pesticide wastes with about 51.8% lacking information on how to dispose the wastes. The practices regarding the disposal of left-over spray solutions include re-spraying already treated crops (33.9%) and/or apply over un-cropped land area (25.9%) until the spraying
tank is empty. Concerning the rinsates generated from washing spraying equipment and pesticide containers, majority (74%) released rinsates onto non-cropped land and about 5% released into streams and other waterways near their farms where the washing was done. Common practices on disposal
of empty pesticide containers include throwing away on the farm where it was used (30.4%), burning in the air (23.2%), throwing away into the village waste dumps (11.6%) and re-use for another purpose (7.1%). Current disposal practices revealed that farmers dispose wastes via unsafe practices
which may increase environmental contamination and human exposure. Training of farmers on proper disposal of pesticide wastes and awareness campaign on government policies on waste disposal are recommended.
Elementals Pollution Status of a University Dumpsite Soil in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Olutona Godwin O. , Oyekunle John A.O. , Ogunfowokan Aderemi O.
Published: July 2020

This study explored the concentrations of various elements in Obafemi Awolowo University dumpsite using Inductively Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. A total of fifty soil samples were collected each month for a duration of eight months. Each month, five soil samples each
were randomly collected from different spot at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths from each of the four equidistant circular points and at the centre of the dumpsite in well pre-treated sealed polythene bags. The values obtained revealed that Fe, Mn, Ti, Ba and Al were below the background values
while Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Be, Al, Se, Si, As, Zr and Y were above the background values. Geo-accumulation study indicated that the dumpsite was practically unpolluted with, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti, Ba, Al, Si , U and Y; highly polluted with As and Cu; Co, Zn and Zr ranged from unpolluted to moderately
polluted; Se ranged from unpolluted to highly polluted; while Be ranged from moderately polluted to highly polluted. Mean levels of the potentially toxic metals in the dumpsite and its vicinity were higher in the top soil than sub-soil; and metal concentrations in wet season were higher than
dry season.
MODELAGEM DA RELAÇÃO HIPSOMÉTRICA EM PLANTIOS DE JATOBÁ (Hymenaea courbaril L.) NA AMAZÔNIA CENTRAL
Authors: Freitas Filipe Campos de , Silva Juliana Torres , Pio Nabor Da Silveira , Lima Roberval Monteiro Bezerra de
Published: July 2020

Com o intuito de valorizar espécies amazônicas provenientes de plantios, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o ajuste de modelos hipsométricos para altura individual total e comercial de árvores de Jatobá em plantios homogêneos com idades de 17 e 24 anos. Foi realizado um inventário 100% nos dois plantios, sendo coletadas a circunferência à altura do peito (CAP), a altura total (HT) e a altura comercial (HC) das árvores. Foram testados 16 modelos hipsométricos verificados na literatura especializada. Foram adotados como critérios de seleção do melhor modelo as seguintes variáveis: significância da estatística F da Análise de Variância (ANOVA) da regressão; coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R²aj.); erro padrão da estimativa (Syx%); análise gráfica dos resíduos. Foi realizado o teste Qui-Quadrado para avaliar se os valores estimados foram iguais aos valores observados. Uma maior homogeneidade de dados foi encontrada para o plantio de 17 anos. Todos os ajustes apresentaram significância ao nível de 1% de probabilidade. As melhores estimativas foram verificadas para altura total no plantio de 17 anos. Foi observada diferença significativa entre os valores estimados e observados de altura total para o plantio de 24 anos. O modelo hiperbólico foi o mais apropriado para estimativas tanto de altura total quanto de altura comercial.
DENSIDADE E TEOR DE UMIDADE DA MADEIRA DE Ocotea pulchella (NEES) MEZ
Authors: De Souza Mangini Tauana , Candaten Luana , Bandera Eduarda , Da Silva Zanchetta Laura , Felippi Vanessa , Trevisan Rômulo , Trautenmüller Jonathan Willian
Published: July 2020

A densidade é conhecida como uma das principais propriedades físicas da madeira, por intervir diretamente na qualidade do material e por suas variações entre e dentre espécies e, até mesmo, na mesma árvore. Com isso, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a densidade e teor de umidade da madeira de Ocotea pulchella (Nees) Mez no sentido longitudinal e suas alterações entre indivíduos. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foram abatidas nove árvores da respectiva espécie, provenientes do município de Três Passos localizado no estado do Rio do Grande Sul. Dessas foram retirados discos nas porções de 0, 25, 50, 75, 100% e DAP (1,30 m do solo) da altura total para a realização das análises de densidade e do teor de umidade. A madeira dessa espécie apresentou uma tendência de decréscimo, com algumas exceções, para as densidades estudadas no sentido longitudinal, comportamento contrário ao verificado para o teor de umidade. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas de densidade básica e densidade aparente seca ao ar entre os indivíduos estudados, já o teor de umidade e a densidade aparente saturada apresentaram alterações entre as árvores.
CONSELHO MUNICIPAL DE DIREITOS DAS MULHERES (CMDM) ENQUANTO ESPAÇO DE RESISTÊNCIA ÀS OFENSIVAS CONSERVADORAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS: UM ESTUDO SOBRE LONDRINA/PR
Authors: Venancio Alice Rodrigues , Faquin Evelyn Secco
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho busca abordar o Conselho Municipal de Direitos das Mulheres (CMDM) de Londrina/PR enquanto instrumento de resistência às ofensivas conservadoras e espaço essencial para a manutenção de políticas direcionadas às mulheres. Para tal, apresenta reflexões desde o período de redemocratização do país até os dias atuais, explanando acerca da instituição dos conselhos como mecanismos de controle social e o processo de conquistas de direitos das mulheres com enfoque nos ataques do pensamento conservador às conquistas sociais dessas. Para a construção do estudo, realizou-se pesquisa documental e de campo, a partir das quais foi possível a contextualização do CMDM. Como resultados, verificou-se a ampla participação do CMDM e sua constituição enquanto uma referência para o debate e discussão das pautas relacionadas aos direitos das mulheres, contribuindo para a manutenção das políticas para as mulheres no município, apesar dos limites enfrentados.