bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Comment on “Magnetospheric research and the history of the solar system” by Hannes Alfvén]
Authors: Tyler G. Leonard
Published: October 2011

Alfvén's recent summary “Magnetospheric Research and the History of the Solar System” (Eos, October 23, 1984, pp. 769–770) contains a statement concerning the nature of Saturn's rings which might mislead readers who are unfamiliar with the current status of ring research. Saturn's rings do not consist of 10,000 or 100,000 separate ringlets. Recent reduction of centimeter wavelength occultation measurements by Voyager at 1‐km radial resolution show the presence of 21 gaps in the classical ring system comprised of rings A, B, and C. Thus there are, in fact, 22 rings in the main system (G. L. Tyler, P. A. Rosen, and E. A. Marouf, “Classification of Saturn's Ring Features,” presented at the 16th Annual Division of Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Union meeting, October 8–12, 1984).
AGU scholars
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In recognition of the AGU's long‐standing support and substantial contribution to the Minority Participation Program of the American Geological Institute (AGI), 13 of the 1984–1985 AGU scholarship recipients, all of whom are enrolled in programs of study related to the broad areas of interest of the Union, were named “AGU Scholars.”
The Tropic Heat Program: An overview
Authors: Eriksen Charles C.
Published: October 2011

Short‐term climate changes which take place in both the tropics and at mid‐latitudes are strongly influenced by large‐scale fluctuations in near‐equatorial ocean sea surface temperatures and by attendant fluctuations in air‐sea fluxes of heat and moisture. In particular, there is evidence that changes in winter climate patterns over North America and in the Walker Circulation over the tropical Pacific Ocean are linked to changes in the upper equatorial Pacific Ocean thermal energy pool. This pool evolves in response to both local and distant sources of heat. Locally, solar radiation heats the ocean, while evaporation, equatorial upwelling, and vertical mixing cool it.
Some personal observations on the status of marine sciences in the People's Republic of China
Authors: Chen Chen‐Tung A.
Published: October 2011

Owing to the long hiatus in communication with the People's Republic of China (PRC) during the Cultural Revolution and the inability of most westerners to read the original Chinese literature, a great deal of marine science research in PRC is not known to the outside world. I have felt that progress in marine science in general could be accelerated with better awareness of the existence of a large Chinese data base. Also, duplication of efforts caused by lags in communication could be averted if a review of the status of marine science research in PRC were available.
New JECSS Newsletter
Authors: Brooks David A.
Published: October 2011

A new series of the Japan and East China Seas Study (JECSS) Newsletter began with number 1, dated October 1984. The purpose of the newsletter is to keep participants and other interested scientists informed of activities and announcements related to research in the Japan and East China Seas. Discussion will include criticism of the program, proposals for cooperative work, data analysis and modeling, reviews of past and current studies in the JECSS area, and preliminary results from recent works. Subscriptions to the newsletter are available from its editor, Takashi Ichiye, Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
Cooperative child care at the AGU Spring Meeting
Authors: Sancetta Constance
Published: October 2011

A number of AGU members have expressed a desire for child care arrangements at meetings. The Education and Human Resources Committee has researched various possibilities to find one that would be effective, reliable, and inexpensive. We have found three alternatives of varying desirability: To hire a convention child care service. The services we have found so far charge over $20,000 for a 5‐day meeting and are too expensive to be practical.
UNESCO publications
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recently released a catalog of their publications in the field of water sciences under the following categories: Studies and reports in hydrology; Technical papers in hydrology; Technical documents in hydrology; Nonserial publications in hydrology; General International Hydrological Decade and International Hydrological Program reports and information documents.
New IAHS Subcommittee Chairman
Authors: Peters Helen J.
Published: October 2011

Helen J. (Joyce) Peters, California Department of Water Resources, is the newly appointed chairman of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) Subcommittee of the U.S. National Committee for the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG). As such, Peters also will be recognized by IAHS as the U.S. National Correspondent to IAHS. One of her first duties will be to implement a new item contained in the revised IAHS bylaws, which states: “National committees should draw up lists of hydrologists in their countries who are willing and qualified to participate actively in the work of the association (IAHS).” Peters will be assembling such a list in the near future to send to the Secretary General of IAHS. Hydrologists who are interested and qualified should send a letter to Peters indicating the discipline or activity in which active participation is desired, to be accompanied by a short (one typewritten page) resume describing education, experience, specialty, title, and full mailing address. Your letter should be mailed to H. J. Peters, California Department of Water Resources, PO Box 388, Sacramento, CA 95802.
WSTB appoints New Members
Authors: Anderson Mary P.
Published: October 2011

Paul Busch (Malcolm Pirnie), Leo Eisel (Wright Water Engineers), and Mary P. Anderson (University of Wisconsin—Madison) have been appointed to 3‐year terms as members of the Water Science and Technology Board (WSTB) of the National Research Council (NRC), and David W. Miller (Geraghty & Miller, Inc.) has been appointed to a second term. The WSTB was established in 1982 to oversee the National Research Council's activities related to water resources.
Karst water resources
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Administrative Committee for the International Symposium on Karst Water Resources met on November 12, 1984, at Hacettepe University in Ankara, Turkey. In attendance were representatives of most of the various Turkish government agencies and universities, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS), and the United Nations, sponsors of the symposium. Under the chairmanship of M. Koksoy, Vice Rector of Hacettepe University, the group elected Gültekin Günay as Chairman and IAHS representative Ivan Johnson of Colorado as Vice Chairman of the Symposium Organizing Committee. V. Yevjevich, George Washington University, was not present but was elected Technical Program Chairman. Decisions also were made on the chairmen and members of a variety of subcommittees of the Local Arrangements Committee. In several meetings later in November a very interesting postsymposium technical field trip was planned.
FY 1986 science budget overview
Authors: Richman Barbara T. , Robb David W.
Published: October 2011

Continental lithosphere research, scientific ocean drilling, investigative surveys in the Exclusive Economic Zone, and the Mars Observer were among those programs that fared best in the federal budget proposal for fiscal year (FY) 1986 that President Ronald Reagan sent to Congress last week. However, the Sea Grant and Coastal Zone Management programs were among those that fell victim to the budget ax once again.
Executive Committee and Council Actions
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The AGU Council and Executive Committee met in San Francisco during the AGU Fall Meeting. The Council next meets on Tuesday, May 28, 1985, in Baltimore. The Executive Committee will meet in March and then again just prior to the Council meeting in Baltimore.
Magnetospheric polar cap
Authors: Akasofu S. I , Kan J. R.
Published: October 2011

Mount Denali (McKinley), the Alaska Range, and countless glaciers welcomed all 86 participants of the Chapman Conference on the Magnetospheric Polar Cap, which was held on the University of Alaska, Fairbanks campus (UAF), on August 6–9, 1984. The magnetospheric polar cap is the highest latitude region of the earth which is surrounded by the ring of auroras (the auroral oval). This particular region of the earth has become a focus of magnetospheric physicists during the last several years. This is because a number of upper atmospheric phenomena in the polar cap are found to be crucial in understanding the solar wind—magnetosphere interaction. The conference was opened by J. G. Roederer, who was followed by the UAF Chancellor, P. J. O'Rourke, who officially welcomed the participants.
[Comment on “Implementing the peer review process in AGU publications” and on “The peer review process in JGR–Space Physics”] GRL peer review process
Authors: Walker James C. G. , van der Voo Rob
Published: October 2011

The recent publication in Eos of communications from P. J. Baum and A. J. Dessler (October 23, 1984, p. 770) and B. Ü. O. Sonnerup (December 25, 1984, p. 1242) about the peer review process has stimulated us to contribute to the discussion this statement of the editorial philosophy and practice of Geophysical Research Letters (GRL). GRL is, of course, a very different journal from the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR), with different goals, function, and readership. Our contribution should not be understood as a statement of how JGR should work. The editorial goal of GRL is to provide prompt publication of urgent results of general geophysical interest.
Brief budget glossary
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Appropriations: Law that permits federal agencies to commit to programs at specific dollar amounts; also, one type of budget authority that permits federal agencies to incur obligations and to make payments.

Authorization: Basic substantive legislation enacted by Congress that sets up or continues the legal operation of a federal program. Such legislation is normally a prerequisite for subsequent appropriations.
The coming revolution in planetology
Authors: O'Keefe John A.
Published: October 2011

Current ideas about the moon appear to be mistaken on two fundamental points. First, at least within certain large classes of lunar craters, internal origin (i.e., some form of volcanism) predominates over impact; this result raises questions about the reality of the “era of violent bombardment.” Second, the origin of tektites by meteoritic impact on the earth cannot be reconciled with physical principles and is to be abandoned. The only viable alternative is origin by lunar volcanism, which implies the following: continuance of (rare) explosive lunar volcanism to the present time; existence of silicic lunar volcanism and of small patches of silicic rock at the lunar surface; a body of rock in the lunar interior, probably at great depth, which is closely similar to the earth's mantle and which contains billions of tons of volatiles, probably including hydrogen; and origin of the moon from the earth after the formation of the earth's core.
U.S.‐Soviet Scientific Exchange
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Last month the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the Soviet Academy of Sciences signed a tentative agreement to resume scientific exchanges. Scientific symposia involving both nations, first negotiated in the late 1950s, were suspended in 1980 after the exile of Soviet physicist Andrei Sakharov. Individual scientist exchanges were not suspended and have continued without formal agreement between the two nations.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).
January streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Streamflow conditions in the Midwest and Southwest were generally average to well above average during January, but many streams in the East—in a broad band from Maine to Florida and west through Alabama—reported well below average flows for the month, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.
Pyroclastic Rocks
Authors: Mahood Gail A.
Published: October 2011

Most of the advances in volcanology during the past 20 years have concerned the recognition, interpretation, and mode of emplacement of pyroclastic rocks. The literature on pyroclastic rocks is widely scattered, in part because the field draws from sedimentology, igneous petrology, physics, and fluid mechanics, and there have been few review papers on the topic. Fisher and Schmincke have done the discipline of volcanology and all field‐oriented geologists a great service in assembling material from a wide range of sources in this comprehensive treatment of pyroclastic rocks. With its introduction to the petrology of magmas involved in explosive eruptions in chapter 2 and a complete treatment of magma rheology and the behavior of dissolved and exsolving magmatic volatiles in chapter 3, they lay sufficient groundwork that anyone with a rudimentary knowledge of geology can understand the book.
Treatment Plant Hydraulics for Environmental Engineers
Authors: Hoopes John A.
Published: October 2011

This book presents the elements of process design and of hydraulic design for water and wastewater treatment plants. In particular, hydraulic principles and methods are given for the analysis and design of flows in pipe systems and open channels, for the characteristics of flow measurement devices, and for single and multiple pump operation and selection. These fundamentals are used to illustrate the steps in the hydraulic design of a wastewater treatment plant. In addition, the hydraulic design of pipe manifolds (for distributing flow amongst basins) and of diffusers (for distributing treated wastewater to a body of water) is presented.
Metal Deposits in Relation to Plate Tectonics
Authors: Ohmoto Hiroshi
Published: October 2011

This book was written with two stated objectives: first, to introduce important characteristics of a wide variety of metal deposits to the upper level undergraduate and graduate students and to professional geologists in the mineral industries, and second, to provide a rational basis for the time‐space distribution of mineral deposits within a framework of plate tectonics. Sawkins has divided the plate tectonic environments into three major and seven subenvironments: first, convergent plate environments, which are subdivided into principal arcs, the inner sides of principal arcs, and arc‐related rifts; second, divergent plate boundary environments, with subdivisions of oceanic crust, intracontinental hotspots, early stages of continental rifting, and advanced stages of rifting; and third, collisional environments. These major and sub‐environments are used as the bases for the divisions into parts and chapters, respectively, in this book.
Dialogue on the magnetotail
Authors: Rostoker Gordon
Published: October 2011

During the International Magnetospheric Study (IMS), a vast data set was acquired which is presently being brought to bear on solving some of the outstanding questions regarding magnetospheric dynamics. The data involve plasma and field parameters measured on satellites both in the magnetosphere and in the interplanetary medium, as well as ground‐based magnetometer, riometer, and photometer array measurements which can be used to diagnose the state of magnetospheric activity. The data acquisition phase of the IMS concluded at the end of 1979, although some instruments are operating to this day. Since the end of 1979 an intensive effort has been underway to analyze and interpret the data base, and some of the successes of this effort were recently reported in the Symposium on the Achievements of the IMS, which was held in late June in Graz, Austria.
Columbia Glacier retreating “drastically”
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Columbia Glacier near Valdez, Alaska, is breaking up and retreating rapidly, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists, who last year predicted that this would occur. Because of seasonal variations, a typical glacier can be expected to advance or retreat on the order of meters or tens of meters per year. Since 1978, the front edge, or terminus, of the Columbia Glacier has retreated up to 2.4 km in some places (see Figure 1).
USNG/IUGG
Authors: Bossler John D.
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution, (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded. If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Geophysicists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution, (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded. If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
JGR‐Oceans color issues
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The November 1985 issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research‐Oceans has been designated a special color issue. Several papers on sea surface temperature comparisons will be published with color pictures. Because of the volume of material being published, the cost to authors for color graphics will be less than normal. Scientists wishing to include color illustrations in papers for JGR‐Oceans are encouraged to submit their manuscripts soon. James J. O'Brien, editor, JGROceans, indicates that every effort will be made to ensure fast review and technical editing for any paper submitted by May 15, 1985.
Where are the Metals for the Future? The Metal Provinces: An Essay on Global Metallogeny
Authors: Hutchinson R. W.
Published: October 2011

This interesting book is chiefly concerned with global metallogeny, rather than with metals for the future. The author draws on an extremely broad experience with mineral deposits throughout the world to attempt a synthesis of the many complex, interrelated metallogenic factors that control the notably irregular distribution of the earth's mineral resources. The approach is extremely broad and comprehensive; the attempt extremely ambitious. The result is only partially successful in elucidating the importance and the main elements of a global metallogenic approach to mineral resource problems.
Perspectives from Capitol Hill: Congressional Science Fellow's midyear report
Authors: Butler Eric L.
Published: October 2011

It amazes me that the halfway mark of my Congressional Science Fellowship will soon pass. The past 5 months have been exciting, enjoyable, and enriching. I have Congress operates and have acquired a news respect for the members of Congress operates and have acquired a news respect for the members of Congress and for their enthusiastic and able staffs. They are as diligent, hard‐working, and devoted as any group of people I have known.
Perspectives on Capitol Hill: Notes from a former Fellow
Authors: Shaw George H.
Published: October 2011

How has being an AGU Congressional Science Fellow affected my career up to this point? This is a bit like asking someone to describe the effect of obtaining a college degree on their subsequent career. Certainly life would have been different but in what ways is a little hard to know.

I can say that my perspective on politics, politicians, and the role of scientists (and citizens in general) in public policy has been markedly altered. I have been politicized, in the sense that I am more aware of the need to participate in public debate and to put more of the policy perspective into some of my lectures. Most students have responded very positively to getting this kind of information. I have also given a number of lectures on science and public policy and found that many scientists are anxious to become better informed about “how the system works.”
NOAA Funding
Authors: Robb David W.
Published: October 2011

Reductions proposed by the Reagan Administration for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the fiscal year 1986 budget proposal that was submitted to Congress early in February met with criticism and concern in an initial round of hearings held by several subcommittees in the House of Representatives. Reductions in funding and a delay of NOAA's Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) system, the administration's desire to cut NOAA's polar orbiting satellite system to one satellite, as well as the administration's annual drive to terminate the Sea Grant College Program and the Coastal Zone Management (CZM) Program were among the proposals most strongly opposed by Congress.
Mineral deposits of the Alps and the Alpine Epoch in Europe: Proceedings of the IV ISMIDA, 1981
Authors: LeHuray A. P.
Published: October 2011

This book contains 39 of the 50 or so papers presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Mineral Deposits of the Alps (the IV ISMIDA of the title) held at Berchtesgaden, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), October 1981. The proceedings of the third conference (Austria, 1977) were published by the Austrian Geological Institute. I have checked with some large U.S. earth science libraries, and apparently no “proceedings” volumes, if they were published at all, are readily available in the United States for the first (Italy, 1966) and second (Yugoslavia, 1971) conferences.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).
Trace element geochemistry
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Trace element geochemical studies that use particle and photon beam techniques are being used by scientists more and more for a variety of applications. Advantages over conventional trace element techniques include the ability to detect concentrations as low as 1 ppm and the small amount of sample material needed (of the order of 0.1—0.01 mm across). In addition, the sample is not destroyed during the process. Applications include the analysis of interplanetary dust particles, analysis of trace elements in zeolite minerals associated with hot springs, and the study of impurities—such as volcanic dust from the atmosphere—found in polar ice.
Large‐Volume High‐Pressure Mineral Physics in Japan
Authors: Liebermann Robert C. , Prewitt Charles T. , Weidner Donald J.
Published: October 2011

American high‐pressure research with large sample volumes developed rapidly in the 1950s during the race to produce synthetic diamonds. At that time the piston cylinder, girdle (or belt), and tetrahedral anvil devices were invented. However, this development essentially stopped in the late 1950s, and while the diamond anvil cell has been used extensively in the United States with spectacular success for high‐pressure experiments in small sample volumes, most of the significant technological advances in large‐volume devices have taken place in Japan. Over the past 25 years, these technical advances have enabled a fourfold increase in pressure, with many important investigations of the chemical and physical properties of materials synthesized at high temperatures and pressures that cannot be duplicated with any apparatus currently available in the United States.
Subcommittee on Mineral Acquisitions and Distribution
Authors: Graham E. K.
Published: October 2011

Experimentalists engaged in mineral physics research often face the problem of obtaining high‐quality synthetic specimens for their work. Moreover, although there presently exists in the literature a wide range of excellent mineral, physical, and chemical property data, only in a very few instances can one find accurate sets of data for a wide range of properties from a single well‐characterized reference mineral. In recognition of these problems with resources for synthetic mineral specimens, the AGU Committee on Mineral Physics, at its meeting in December 1984, has established a Subcommittee on Mineral Acquisitions and Distribution.
Foreign correspondents
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Three distinguished mineral physicists—Ian Jackson of the Research School of Earth Sciences at the Australian National University, Canberra; Jean‐Paul Poirier of the Institut de Physique du Globe at the Universite of Paris VI; and Takehiko Yagi of Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan—have been appointed foreign correspondents to the AGU Committee on Mineral Physics. Their reports to the AGU Committee and to Mineral Physics News will strengthen the international ties that are essential in the interdisciplinary study of mineral physics
Dinasour extinction and volcanic activity
Authors: Gledhill J. A.
Published: October 2011

There is at present some controversy about the reason for the mass extinction of dinosaurs and other forms of life at the end of the Cretaceous. A suggestion by Alvarez et al. [1980] that this was due to the collision of the earth with a meteorite 10 km or so in diameter has excited considerable interest [Silver and Schultz, 1982] and also some criticism [Stanley, 1984]. A recent publication [Wood, 1984] describing the catastrophic effects of a relatively minor lava flow in Iceland suggests that intense volcanic activity could have played a large part in the extinctions. In this letter it is pointed out that the Deccan lava flows in India took place in the appropriate time and may well have been of sufficient magnitude to be a major factor in the Cretaceous‐Tertiary (C‐T) boundary catastrophe.
Deep‐sea soundings
Authors: Brooks David A.
Published: October 2011

Bathymetric charts for many areas of the ocean are cheap and accurate, and we usually take their availability for granted. In these times of abundant information, it is easy to forget the wonder and excitement of the last century, when mechanical sounding machines revealed for the first time the major features of the ocean depths. Who would not be awed by the graceful sweep of the Blake Plateau or the plunging depths of the Puerto Rico Trench, and who could remain unimpressed by undersea mountain ranges more majestic than any in view? In his 1888 book, entitled Three Cruises of the Blake, Alexander Agassiz has this to say about the spectacular Caribbean bottom topography: “Compared to such panoramas the finest views of the range of the Alps sink into insignificance; it is only when we get a view of portions of the Andes from the sea‐coast…that we get anything approximating to it in grandeur.”
Mixed reaction to science department proposal
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The recommendation last month by a presidential commission that a federal Department of Science and Technology be created to encompass “major civilian research and development (R&D) agencies” has elicited a mixed reaction from members of the geophysical sciences community.

The Commission on Industrial Competitiveness, created by President Ronald Reagan in June 1983 to study ways to strengthen the ability of the United States to compete in a global marketplace, recommended establishment of a Cabinet‐level science department “to promote national interest in and policies for research and technological innovation.” The commission, chaired by John A. Young, president of the Hewlett‐Packard Company, was composed primarily of presidents and chief executive officers of major technology corporations but also included members of academia and government. Creation of a federal science and technology 'department is one of many suggestions contained in the commission's final report, Global Competition: The New Reality.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The following hearings have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing; all congressional offices may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).

April 25: Oversight hearing on submerged lands by the Public Lands Subcommittee of the House Interior and Insular Affairs Committee. Room to be assigned, 9:45 A.M.
Crustal dynamics research opportunity
Authors: Mead Gilbert
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced an opportunity for participation in the Crustal Dynamics Research Program for the analysis and interpretation of geodetic data acquired by NASA's Crustal Dynamics Project through space techniques.

These techniques include laser ranging to artificial satellites and the moon (SLR and LLR) and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), which uses radio signals emitted by celestial sources. Fixed stations are used, as well as highly mobile stations capable of being moved from site to site in the United States and of being transported to overseas areas. The measurements will be used to determine the positions of the observing sites as a function of time, baseline lengths and baseline directions between stations as a function of time, and measurements of polar motion and earth rotation. The techniques are capable of precisions of a few centimeters over baselines of up to several thousands of kilometers and baseline length changes of 1 cm/yr or better.
Winter weather scorecard
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Last fall's 3‐month winter weather prediction by National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters was not terrific, but it was not too far off the mark, either. A comparison of the predicted temperatures and precipitation (Eos, December 25, 1984, p. 1241) to the observed conditions (see Figures 1 and 2) during the months of December, January, and February shows that the forecasters were generally correct where they were most confident in their predictions.

According to Donald Gilman, chief of the Predictions Branch at NWS's National Climate Analysis Center, the overall temperature forecast was probably better than that for precipitation. “The temperature forecast was pretty good in the West,” said Gilman. “East of the Mississippi, however, was a mixed picture.”
Hurricanes, Storms, and Tornadoes: Geographic Characteristics and Geological Activity
Authors: Cadet D. L.
Published: October 2011

This book is very disappointing. From the presentation the potential reader might expect to obtain a clear view of the origin of hurricanes, storms, and tornados. Except for some aspects, such as the effect of these phenomena on geological activity, for which some interesting ideas are discussed, the book is a long catalog of destructive weather systems and just describes the different aspects of the phenomena without physical explanations. For example, in the part discussing tornados, it looks like the author put together newspaper clips from some county in Oklahoma, except that the collection is worldwide. The interest lies, maybe, in the large number of illustrations: some of them are reproductions of paintings and drawings dating from the last century. A large number of events are thoroughly described. Another interesting part is the description of tornados that affected the Soviet Union and Europe. Throughout the book there is a large number of duplicate material. Some words are misused: for example, sandstorms originating in the Sahara desert and crossing the Mediterranean Sea are often called hurricanes. A tornado that hit Moscow in May 1937 is referred to as a hurricane. In defense of the author, it must be noted that the book was written in 1969 and only translated in 1983. Another title would be more appropriate.
Indirect Imaging
Authors: Kundu Mukul R.
Published: October 2011

This book is the Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Sydney, Australia, August 30‐September 2, 1983. The meeting was sponsored by the International Union of Radio Science and the International Astronomical Union.

Indirect imaging is based upon the principle of determining the actual form of brightness distribution in a complex case by Fourier synthesis, using information derived from a large number of Fourier components. The main topic of the symposium was how to get the best images from data obtained from telescopes and other similar imaging instruments. Although the meeting was dominated by radio astronomers, with the consequent dominance of discussion of indirect imaging in the radio domain, there were quite a few participants from other disciplines. Thus there were some excellent discussions on optical imaging and medical imaging.
The Phenomenon of the Polar Aurora
Authors: Landsberg H. E.
Published: October 2011

The eerie flickers of auroras have inspired awe since times immemorial. They kindled the fears and superstitions of people in the prescientific era and the curiosity of inquiring minds since. Yet it is only since the arrival of the space age that a full physical understanding has been reached. This has probably stimulated not only substantial journal literature but a number of books which trace the development of that understanding from the supernatural to phenomenology to a reasonably complete physical model. AGU published the work of Eather [1980], and the Nordic experience and contribution is superbly reflected in the treatise of Brekke and Egeland [1983]. A somewhat more theoretical framework is offered by Volland [1984].
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

I would like to make the members of AGU aware of the recent happenings in Congress with regard to the fiscal year (FY) 1986 budget for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NASA was scheduled for modest increases from FY 1985 levels in the President's budget (Eos, February 19, 1985, p. 73), which was approved by the House Science and Technology Committee. However, when the authorization bill (H.R. 1714) “hit the floor” on April 3, amendments were offered and overwhelmingly passed to freeze funding at FY 1985 levels. (A similar fate met the National Science Foundation bill, H.R. 1210, on April 17.) The process is under way in the Senate, and the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space, which is the authorizing committee (under the chairmanship of Slade Gorton), plans to mark up its NASA bill in the next few days; the full committee—the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee—will then offer it to the floor.
WOCE/TOGA Data Management
Authors: Nowlin Worth
Published: October 2011

An ad hoc meeting to consider data handling requirements for the two major ocean climate experiments planned over the next decade, the Interannual Variability of the Tropical Ocean and the Global Atmosphere (TOGA) and the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE), was held in August 1984 in Washington, D.C. The purpose was to begin to develop an effective data management system for the large‐scale ocean research programs of the World Climate Research Program. This report summarizes the presentations and gives the conclusions of the meeting. A more formal data management group is being set up, and reports on its work will appear in future editions of The Oceanography Report.
WOCE Working Group on Numerical Modeling
Authors: Nowlin Worth
Published: October 2011

A U.S. WOCE (World Ocean Circulation Experiment) Working Group on Numerical Modeling has been established to serve as a forum for the discussion of progress in numerical general circulation modeling and its relationship to WOCE design and data analysis and as an advisory body on resource and manpower requirements for large‐scale ocean modeling. The first meeting of this working group was held at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., on Monday, December 10, 1984. The working group members who attended were K. Bryan, Y.‐J. Han, D. Haidvogel (chairman), W. Holland, H. Hurlburt, J. O'Brien, A. Robinson, B. Semtner, and J. Sarmiento. Observers included F. Bretherton, A. Colin de Verdiere, C. Collins, L. Hua, P. Rizzoli, T. Spence, R. Wall, and S. Wilson.
March streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Streamflows during March were below normal along most of the Eastern Seaboard and in the southeastern and northwestern states. However, they were above normal in a wide band extending from Michigan southwest‐ward into Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona (see map), according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

USGS hydrologists reported that stream‐flows were about normal or above at 65% of the stream‐measurement index stations in the United States. A record high flow was measured on the Colorado River in Utah, and the level of the Great Salt Lake reached its highest point in 108 years.
Recent Ph.D.'s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution, (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded.

If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Historical correspondence between C. V. Theis and C. I. Lubin
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In C. V. Theis's classic 1935 paper on “The Relation between the Lowering of the Piezometric Surface and the Rate and Duration of Discharge of a Well Using Ground Water Storage,” the following statement appears:

C. I. Lubin … has with great kindness prepared for me the following derivation of the equation giving the distribution of temperatures around a sink … corresponding to the cone of depression around a well.
IAHS announces Tison Award
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

At the Hamburg General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) appointed an Ad Hoc Award Committee consisting of I. Rodriguez‐Iturbe (Venezuela), Chairman, T. O'Donnell (UK), and A. Ivan Johnson (USA). The charge to the committee was to develop recommendations to use $13,000 presented to IAHS by the Exeter Scientific Assembly Organizing Committee in memory of the late L. J. Tison. The IAHS Bureau approved an annual prize to recognize the scientific contributions of young hydrologists to IAHS, with $750 of investment income used for an annual Tison Award in accordance with the following rules: The IAHS Tison Award aims to promote excellence in research by young hydrologists. The award will be announced annually and will be presented in a public ceremony during either an IUGG/IAHS General Assembly or an IAHS Scientific Assembly.
Snow management for agriculture
Authors: Anonymous;
Published: October 2011

Aside from its obvious contribution to water supplies, snow cover can be managed to benefit the growth of many crops. Snow is a valuable resource which is often overlooked in production plans. It can be controlled to effect better cold temperature insulation for overwinter crops, to provide highquality water for livestock and domestic use, to recharge root zone soil water reserves, to conserve soil and energy, to reduce floods from snowmelt, and to lessen the hazards of winter travel.
Aeration Zone Symposium
Authors: Merkel B.
Published: October 2011

The International Symposium on Recent Investigations in the Zone of Aeration (RIZA) was organized by the Institute for Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry of the Technical University of Munich and held October 1–5, 1984, in the lecture halls of the Grosshadern Klinik in Munich, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). P. Udluft, B. Merkel, and K.‐H. Prüsl, all of the university, were responsible for the organization of the symposium, which was under the patronage of K.‐E. Quentin. There were over 200 participants from 22 different countries, among them Australia, Canada, China, India, and the United States. The topics of the symposium were the physical, chemical, and microbiological processes in the unsaturated zone, the region between the surface and the groundwater level. Here a number of complex processes occur that on the one hand are of natural origin and on the other hand are influenced by human activities in a number of ways.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 10(4), April 30, 1985, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper .reprint. For the microfiche, order document E85‐006 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Fulfillment, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Geophysics of Geothermal Areas: State of the Art and Future Development
Authors: Mabey Don R.
Published: October 2011

In May 1980 a workshop organized by the Advanced School of Geophysics of the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture was held in Erice, Italy. The purpose was to present the state of the art and future development of geophysics as related to exploration for geothermal resources and the environmental impact of the development of geothermal systems. The workshop was addressed to “younger researchers working in scientific institutions and in public or private agencies and who are particularly interested in these aspects of the energy problem.” Fourteen formal lectures were presented to the workshop. This volume contains papers based on 10 of these lectures with a preface, forward, and introduction by the editors. The ten papers are “Heat Transfer in Geothermal Areas,” “Interpretation of Conductive Heat Flow Anomalies,” “Deep Electromagnetic Soundings in Geothermal Exploration,” “A Computation Method for dc Geoelectric Fields,” “Measurement of Ground Deformation in Geothermal Areas,” “Active Seismic Methods in Geothermal Exploration,” “The Role of Geophysical Investigations in the Discovery of the Latera Geothermal Field,” “Geothermal Resources Exploration in the European Community: The Geophysical Case,” “Activity Performed by AGIP (ENI Group) in the Field of Geothermal Energy,” and “Geothermal Exploration in the Western United States.” Six of the authors are from Italy, and one each is from Iceland, the Netherlands, West Germany, and the United States. All of the papers are in English.
Dense brine formation in Arctic coastal regions
Authors: Hachmeister Lon E. , Payne James R.
Published: October 2011

In the past 2 years, winter field programs have been conducted along the northeast coast of the Chukchi Sea to study the formation and fate of very cold and salty water produced during fall freeze up and lead refreezing processes. These programs, headed by Lon E. Hachmeister of Envirosphere Company, Bellevue, Wash., and James R. Payne of Science Applications International Corporation, La Jolla, Calif., have been funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program (NOAA/OCSEAP) to better understand physical processes in arctic coastal regions in regard to potential impact bv oil and gas development.
[Reply to “On magnetospheric research”] On the number of ringlets in the Saturnian rings
Authors: Alfvén Hannes
Published: October 2011

G. L. Tyler claims (Eos, January 29, 1985, p. 41) that there are 22 ringlets in the Saturnian ring and criticizes me be‐cause I have given numbers which are or‐ders of magnitude larger. The controversy is largely semantic.

It is theoretically expected that the rings should have a “fine structure” [Alfvén, 1984; Alfvén and Cech, 1984] from which we can derive important processes at the formation of the rings and, in a wider context, gain essential information about the evolutionary history of the solar system. A recent study demonstrates that a detailed analysis of the C ring, as well as of the A and B rings, makes it possible to reconstruct certain events which probably occurred 4–5 billion years ago with an accuracy of 1% [Alfvén et al., 1985]. In some regions, e.g., the Holberg minimum, this fine structure is superimposed on a continuous background so that the opacity does not go down to zero; in others, e.g., the Cassini division, it does. Still, similar cosmogonically relevant information can be extracted from both regions. For example, in both regions there is a double peak, which can very well be called a double ringlet.
U.S. and Canada Sign Space Agreement
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The United States and Canada recently signed a memorandum of understanding for the conduct of a cooperative program regarding the detailed definition and preliminary design (the so‐called “Phase B”) of a permanently manned space station (Eos, February 14, 1984, p. 51). Under the memorandum, the United States and Canada will conduct and coordinate parallel Phase B studies.

The agreement calls for interaction and in‐formation exchange during the next 2 years. Canada, which has approved $8.8 million for the first year of Phase B, will study a space construction and servicing system and a solar array for a space platform or for a potential auxiliary power source for the space station. Canadian scientists will also work on a remote sensing facility.
Top sponsors
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In the first 5 months of 1985, 1342 new members were elected. The top sponsors, AGU members sponsoring three or more new members, are listed below.

22 Members: A. Ivan Johnson.
Science policy hearings set
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

A congressional task force that will review government science policy has scheduled a slate of hearings for the rest of 1985. T h e Task Force on Science Policy, established in mid‐1984 by the House Committee on Science and Technology, will conduct the first such comprehensive review by the House in more than 20 years.

“These hearings will allow us to visit with a large number of preeminent scientists, engineers, and policymakers representing many disciplines and viewpoints. They will help provide the task force with a broad picture of U.S. science policy,” said Rep. Manuel Lujan (R‐N.M.), the task force's ranking Republican. Rep. Don Fuqua (D‐Fla.) is chairman of both the task force and the Committee on Science and Technology.