bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and external validation of a radiomics model for assessment of HER2 positivity in men and women presenting with gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Huiping , Liang Pan , Yong Liuliang , Cheng Ming , Zhang Yan , Huang Minggang , Gao Jianbo
Published: February 2023

Background

To develop and externally validate a conventional CT-based radiomics model for identifying HER2-positive status in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods

950 GC patients who underwent pretreatment CT were retrospectively enrolled and assigned into a training cohort (n = 388, conventional CT), an internal validation cohort (n = 325, conventional CT) and an external validation cohort (n = 237, dual-energy CT, DECT). Radiomics features were extracted from venous phase images to construct the “Radscore”. On the basis of univariate and multivariate analyses, a conventional CT-based radiomics model was built in the training cohort, combining significant clinical-laboratory characteristics and Radscore. The model was assessed and validated regarding its diagnostic effectiveness and clinical practicability using AUC and decision curve analysis, respectively.

Results

Location, clinical TNM staging, CEA, CA199, and Radscore were independent predictors of HER2 status (all p < 0.05). Integrating these five indicators, the proposed model exerted a favorable diagnostic performance with AUCs of 0.732 (95%CI 0.683–0.781), 0.703 (95%CI 0.624–0.783), and 0.711 (95%CI 0.625–0.798) observed for the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. Meanwhile, the model would offer more net benefits than the default simple schemes and its performance was not affected by the age, gender, location, immunohistochemistry results, and type of tissue for confirmation (all p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The conventional CT-based radiomics model had a good diagnostic performance of HER2 positivity in GC and the potential to generalize to DECT, which is beneficial to simplify clinical workflow and help clinicians initially identify potential candidates who might benefit from HER2-targeted therapy.
Protocatechuic acid and quercetin attenuate ETEC-caused IPEC-1 cell inflammation and injury associated with inhibition of necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways
Authors: Xiao Kan , Zhou Mohan , Lv Qingqing , He Pengwei , Qin Xu , Wang Dan , Zhao Jiangchao , Liu Yulan
Published: February 2023

Background

Necroptosis and pyroptosis are newly identified forms of programmed cell death, which play a vital role in development of many gastrointestinal disorders. Although plant polyphenols have been reported to protect intestinal health, it is still unclear whether there is a beneficial role of plant polyphenols in modulating necroptosis and pyroptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-1) infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. This research was conducted to explore whether plant polyphenols including protocatechuic acid (PCA) and quercetin (Que), attenuated inflammation and injury of IPEC-1 caused by ETEC K88 through regulating necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways.

Methods

IPEC-1 cells were treated with PCA (40 μmol/L) or Que (10 μmol/L) in the presence or absence of ETEC K88.

Results

PCA and Que decreased ETEC K88 adhesion and endotoxin level (P < 0.05) in cell supernatant. PCA and Que increased cell number (P < 0.001) and decreased lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) activity (P < 0.05) in cell supernatant after ETEC infection. PCA and Que improved transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) (P < 0.001) and reduced fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FD4) flux (P < 0.001), and enhanced membrane protein abundance of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1 (P < 0.05), and rescued distribution of these tight junction proteins (P < 0.05) after ETEC infection. PCA and Que also declined cell necrosis ratio (P < 0.05). PCA and Que reduced mRNA abundance and concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.001), and down-regulated gene expression of toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and its downstream signals (P < 0.001) after ETEC infection. PCA and Que down-regulated protein abundance of total receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (t-RIP1), phosphorylated-RIP1 (p-RIP1), p-RIP1/t-RIP1, t-RIP3, p-RIP3, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), p-MLKL, dynamin- related protein 1 (DRP1), phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) (P < 0.05) after ETEC infection. Moreover, PCA and Que reduced protein abundance of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), nod-like receptors family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), gasdermin D (GSDMD) and caspase-1 (P < 0.05) after ETEC infection.

Conclusions

In general, our data suggest that PCA and Que are capable of attenuating ETEC-caused intestinal inflammation and damage via inhibiting necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways.
Effects of arginine replacement with L-citrulline on the arginine/nitric oxide metabolism in chickens: An animal model without urea cycle
Authors: Uyanga Victoria Anthony , Sun Lijing , Liu Yu , Zhang Meiming , Zhao Jingpeng , Wang Xiaojuan , Jiao Hongchao , Onagbesan Okanlawon M. , Lin Hai
Published: February 2023

Background

This study examined the efficacy of L-citrulline supplementation on the arginine/nitric oxide metabolism, and intestinal functions of broilers during arginine deficiency. A total of 288 day-old Arbor Acre broilers were randomly assigned to either an arginine deficient basal diet (NC diet), NC diet + 0.50% L-arginine (PC diet), or NC diet + 0.50% L-citrulline (NCL diet). Production performance was recorded, and at 21 days old, chickens were euthanized for tissue collection.

Results

The dietary treatments did not affect the growth performance of broilers (P > 0.05), although NC diet increased the plasma alanine aminotransferase, urate, and several amino acids, except arginine (P < 0.05). In contrast, NCL diet elevated the arginine and ornithine concentration higher than NC diet, and it increased the plasma citrulline greater than the PC diet (P < 0.05). The nitric oxide concentration in the kidney and liver tissues, along with the plasma and liver eNOS activities were promoted by NCL diet higher than PC diet (P < 0.05). In the liver, the activities of arginase 1, ASS, and ASL, as well as, the gene expression of iNOS and OTC were induced by PC diet greater than NC diet (P < 0.05). In the kidney, the arginase 1, ASS and ASL enzymes were also increased by PC diet significantly higher than the NC and NCL diets. Comparatively, the kidney had higher abundance of nNOS, ASS, ARG2, and OTC genes than the liver tissue (P < 0.05). In addition, NCL diet upregulated (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of intestinal nutrient transporters (EAAT3 and PEPT1), tight junction proteins (Claudin 1 and Occludin), and intestinal mucosal defense (MUC2 and pIgR). The intestinal morphology revealed that both PC and NCL diets improved (P < 0.05) the ileal VH/CD ratio and the jejunal VH and VH/CD ratio compared to the NC fed broilers.

Conclusion

This study revealed that NCL diet supported arginine metabolism, nitric oxide synthesis, and promoted the intestinal function of broilers. Thus, L-citrulline may serve as a partial arginine replacement in broiler's diet without detrimental impacts on the performance, arginine metabolism and gut health of chickens.
The power of big data mining to improve the health care system in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Alhajaj Khawla Eissa , Moonesar Immanuel Azaad
Published: February 2023

Context

Collecting and analyzing data has become crucial for many sectors, including the health care sector, where a hefty amount of data is generated daily. Over time, the amount and complexity of this data increase substantially. Consequently, it is considered big data that cannot be stored or analyzed conveniently unless advanced technologies are incorporated. Latest advances in technology have divulged new opportunities to use big data analysis to track a patient’s record and health. Still, it has also posed new challenges in maintaining data privacy and security in the healthcare sector.

Purpose

This systematic review aims to give new researchers insights into big data use in health care systems and its issues or to advise academics interested in investigating the prospects and tackling the challenges of big data implementation in rising nations like the UAE. This study uses a systematic methodology to examine big data's role and efficacy in UAE health care.

Methods

The research follows the methodology of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) for reporting the reviews and evaluating the randomized trials. Furthermore, the Critical Appraisal Checklist for PRISMA 2009 was applied for the research.

Findings

The study concludes that the healthcare systems in the United Arab Emirates can be improved through big data; however, the country authorities must acknowledge the development of efficient frameworks for performance, and quality assessment of the new health care system is significant. The said goal can be achieved via integrating big data and health informatics with the help of IT specialists, health care managers, and stakeholders. Data privacy, data storage, data structure, data ownership, and governance were the most often expressed concerns.

Contribution to knowledge

By discussing numerous issues and presenting solutions linked with big data, the current study contributes substantially to the knowledge of big data and its integration into health care systems in the UAE.
President's Page: Boosting SEG's career development offerings
Authors: Small Alison , Jin Ge , Capello Maria Angela
Published: February 2023

Your SEG is kicking off the new year with some exciting career development initiatives and collaborations with partner societies and supporting companies!
Introduction to this special section: Drone geophysics
Authors: Walter Callum , de Smet Timothy S. , Bedle Heather
Published: February 2023

Technological advancements in geophysical sensors and sensor platforms over the past decade have given rise to the rapidly growing and innovative field of drone-based geophysics. As improvements in reliability, payload capacity, coverage capability, resolution, data quality, cost, and personnel safety continue to be realized, the widespread application of drone geophysics marks an exciting new era of innovation in near-surface geophysics. Since July 2017, when the first special section on drone geophysics was published in The Leading Edge, we have witnessed the rapid development and expansion of this applied-geophysics subfield to a point where there are now entire annual conferences, such as the SEG Summit on Drone Geophysics founded in 2020, dedicated to its continued advancement. Increasingly, it has become clear that drone geophysics is here to stay and is one of the most influential, widespread, and game-changing technology advancements in applied geophysics in recent years.
UAV magnetics over the Bjerkreim-Sokndal Intrusion, Rogaland, Norway: A first look
Authors: Lee Madeline , Madriz Yuleika , Gloaguen Richard , McEnroe Suzanne
Published: February 2023

The Bjerkreim-Sokndal layered intrusion in Rogaland Anorthosite Province in southwestern Norway has been the focus of decades of research due to its complex geology, the presence of prominent remanent magnetic anomalies, and current economic interest in critical minerals. In 2021, collaborative geophysical fieldwork was conducted by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology. Despite challenging environmental conditions, more than 100 line-km of magnetic data were collected by a custom multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) along the eastern margin of the Bjerkreim lobe of the Bjerkreim-Sokndal Intrusion. Data collection was focused over two areas. The first is an area in the south near the prominent Heskestad magnetic anomaly that is associated with large reversed magnetic remanence in a magnetite-ilmenite-gabbronorite unit. The second is an area in the north near Lake Teksevatnet that hosts mineralized zones and the Lauvneset magnetic anomaly. Initial analysis of the UAV-acquired magnetic data shows additional details on the geologic contacts of key units, especially where in-situ measurements are difficult to collect. UAV surveys help in the construction of an anomaly's geometry through incremental source-sensor separations at various flight altitudes above ground. The UAV data set is an intermediate step between ground and airborne surveys for multiscale interpretation and potentially extreme magnetic scales (from microscopic to planetary).
Toward high-fidelity imaging: Dynamic matching FWI and its applications
Authors: Huang Yi , Mao Jian , Sheng James , Perz Mike , He Yang , Hao Feng , Liu Faqi , Wang Bin , Yong Seet Li , Chaikin Daniel , Ramirez Adriana Citlali , Hart Matt , Roende Henrik
Published: February 2023

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is firmly established within our industry as a powerful velocity model building tool. FWI carries significant theoretical advantages over conventional velocity model building methods such as refraction and reflection tomography. Specifically, by solving a nonlinear inverse problem through the wave equation, FWI is able to recover a broadband velocity model containing both high and low spatial wavenumbers, thus extending the approximation of residual moveout correction inherent in traditional velocity model building approaches. Moreover, FWI is capable of inverting information from the entire wavefield (i.e., early arrivals, reflections, refractions, and multiple energy) rather than from a subset as in conventional approaches (i.e., first break and primary reflections), thereby availing itself of more information to better constrain its model estimate. However, these theoretical benefits cannot be realized easily in practice because various complexities of real seismic data often conspire to violate algorithmic assumptions, leading to unsatisfactory results. Dynamic matching FWI (DMFWI) is a newly developed algorithm that solves an inversion problem that maximizes the cross correlation of two dynamically matched data sets — one recorded and the other synthetic. Dynamic matching of the two data sets de-emphasizes the amplitude impact, which allows the algorithm to focus on minimizing their kinematic differences rather than amplitude in the data-fitting process. The multichannel correlation makes the algorithm robust for data with low signal-to-noise ratio. Applications of DMFWI across different types of acquisition and geologic settings demonstrate that this novel FWI approach can resolve complex velocity errors and provide high-quality migrated images that exhibit a high degree of geologic plausibility. Additionally, reflectivity images can be obtained in a straightforward manner as natural byproducts through computation of the directional derivative of the inverted FWI velocity models.
Decision-making and best practice when nasogastric tube feeding under restraint: multi-informant qualitative study
Authors: Fuller Sarah J. , Tan Jacinta , Nicholls Dasha
Published: February 2023

Background

Clinicians working in mental health in-patient settings may have to use nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint to reverse the life-threatening consequences of malnutrition when this is driven by a psychiatric condition such as a restrictive eating disorder.

Aims

To understand the decision-making process when nasogastric tube feeding under restraint is initiated in mental health in-patient settings.

Method

People with lived experience of nasogastric tube feeding under restraint and parents/carers were recruited via the website of the UK's eating disorder charity BEAT. Eating disorder clinicians were recruited via an online post by the British Eating Disorders Society. Semi-structured interviews were administered to all participants.

Results

Themes overlapped between the participant groups and were integrated in the final analysis. Two main themes were generated: first, ‘quick decisions’, with the subthemes of ‘medical risk’, ‘impact of not eating’ and ‘limited discussions’; second, ‘slow decisions’, with subthemes of ‘threats’, ‘discussions with patient’, ‘not giving up’ and ‘advanced directives’. Benefits and harms of both quick and slow decisions were identified.

Conclusions

This research offers a new perspective regarding how clinical teams can make best practice decisions regarding initiating nasogastric feeding under restraint. In-patient mental health teams facilitating this clinical intervention should consider discussing it with the patient at the beginning of their admission in anticipation of the need for emergency intervention and in full collaboration with the multidisciplinary team.
Adjuvant Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma: End Points, Outcomes, and Risk Assessments
Authors: Boyle Joseph J. , Pfail John L. , Lichtbroun Benjamin J. , Singer Eric A.
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE

Targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionized the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Efforts to translate these therapies into the adjuvant setting for local and locoregional RCC have been pursued over the past decade. We sought to provide an updated review of the literature regarding adjuvant therapy in RCC, as well as an analysis of patient characteristics that may portend the most favorable responses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Wiley Online Library, we reviewed articles between 2000 and 2022. Search terms included “tyrosine kinase inhibitors,” “adjuvant,” “immunotherapy,” and “renal cell carcinoma.” The articles included were original and published in English. Information on clinical trials was collected from ClinicalTrials.gov, accessed in June 2022.

RESULTS

Landmark trials investigating adjuvant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors produced conflicting results, with only a single trial of sunitinib (S-TRAC) resulting in US Food and Drug Administration–approval on the basis of a slightly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS). Subsequent meta-analyses failed to show a benefit for adjuvant VEGF inhibitors. Several trials evaluating ICIs are currently ongoing, with pembrolizumab (KEYNOTE-564) earning US Food and Drug Administration–approval for a prolonged PFS, although overall survival data are not yet mature. Preliminary results from other adjuvant ICI trials have been conflicting.

CONCLUSION

There remains a lack of clear benefit for the use of adjuvant VEGF inhibitors in local and locoregional RCC. Adjuvant ICI investigations are ongoing, with promising results from KEYNOTE-564. It remains to be seen if PFS is an adequate surrogate end point for overall survival. Selection of patients at greatest risk for recurrence, and identification of those at greatest risk of rare but serious adverse events, may improve outcomes.
Frameless Hypofractionated Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Residual or Recurrent Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Samanci Yavuz , Essibayi Muhammed Amir , Askeroglu Mehmet Orbay , Budak Mustafa , Karaköse Fatih , Peker Selcuk
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The management of craniopharyngiomas is challenging, usually requiring multidisciplinary care. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is an essential technique for residual/recurrent craniopharyngiomas.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the efficacy of frameless hypofractionated GKRS (hfGKRS) for craniopharyngioma and factors which affect tumor control and complications.

METHODS:

This retrospective study involved 24 patients managed with hfGKRS. Clinical and radiological data, tumor characteristics, and procedural details were analyzed.

RESULTS:

There were 15 (62.5%) female patients. The median age was 38.5 years (range, 3-66 years). The mean tumor volume was 2.4 (1.93) cm3, with a mean solid volume of 1.6 (1.75) cm3. The median marginal dose was 20 Gy (range, 18-25 Gy) delivered in a median of 5 fractions (range, 3-5). During a median radiological follow-up of 23.5 months (range, 12-50 months), tumor progression was noted in 5 (20.8%) patients. The 2-year and 4-year progression-free survival were 81.8% and 61.4%, respectively. No deaths were identified at a median clinical follow-up of 31.3 months (range, 12-54 months). Visual deficits attributable to progression were noted in 3 (12.5%) patients with pre-GKRS visual field defects. An additional 4 (16.7%) patients with pre-GKRS visual deficit developed new minor visual field defects. Four (16.7%) patients showed improvement of vision after GKRS. There were no new-onset post-GKRS hormonal deficits.

CONCLUSION:

The management of craniopharyngioma requires a multidisciplinary approach, and irradiation represents effective treatment option for residual/recurrent tumors after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that addresses the efficacy of frameless hfGKRS in managing craniopharyngiomas over sufficient follow-up.
Ποιότητα ζωής ασθενών μετά τη νοσηλεία στη ΜΕΘ
Authors: Μάντζιου Βασιλική
Published: February 2023

Οι σωματικές και ψυχολογικές συνέπειες της νοσηλείας σε Μονάδα Εντατικής Θεραπείας επηρεάζουν τους ασθενείς, σύμφωνα με τις μελέτες που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί, έως και 5 χρόνια μετά την έξοδο από την Μ.Ε.Θ. και ως εκ τούτου, η Ποιότητα Ζωής που σχετίζεται με την υγεία έχει αναδειχθεί ως σημαντικό μέτρο έκβασης σε αυτόν τον πληθυσμό. Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν να διερευνηθεί η Ποιότητα Ζωής, η φυσική κατάσταση, τα γνωστικά ελλείματα, η παρουσία ψυχολογικής επιβάρυνσης (άγχους και κατάθλιψης ) καθώς και η συσχέτιση των κλινικών και ψυχολογικών παραμέτρων με την Ποιότητα Ζωής σε ασθενείς, ένα χρόνο μετά την έξοδο τους από τη Μονάδα Εντατικής Θεραπείας. Στη μελέτη χρησιμοποιήθηκαν κλίμακες σταθμισμένες για τον ελληνικό πληθυσμό. Eλέχθησαν ως προς την επιλεξιμότητα 1270 ασθενείς , ασθενείς ηλικίας 18-65, όσοι είχαν παραμείνει διάστημα μεγαλύτερο των 3 ημερών στη Μ.Ε.Θ., όσοι είχαν υποστηριχθεί από μηχανικό αερισμό και εκείνοι που είχαν εξέλθει από τη Μ.Ε.Θ. τουλάχιστον 1 χρόνο πριν και έως 15 μήνες. Στην τελική μελέτη συμπεριλήφθηκαν 104 ασθενείς οι οποίοι πληρούσαν τα κριτήρια επιλογής. Συμπεριλήφθηκε και μία ομάδα ελέγχου 49 υγιείς, σε αντιστοιχία φύλου και ηλικίας. Ένα χρόνο μετά την έξοδο από τη Μονάδα Εντατικής Θεραπείας, οι επιβιώσαντες είχαν μειωμένη βαθμολογία ποιότητας ζωής, όπως μετρήθηκε με το WHO-Qol-Bref, σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα ελέγχου (p< 0.001 για τον σωματικό και ψυχολογικό τομέα, και p = 0.006 για τον τομέα των κοινωνικών σχέσεων). Επιπλέον στη μελέτη φάνηκε πως η Ποιότητα Ζωής ήταν χαμηλότερη σε ασθενείς με συνοσυρρότητα (p< 0.01), και σχετιζόταν με τη διάρκεια νοσηλείας στη Μ.Ε.Θ. (r = -0.19, p = 0.04) και με την παρουσία καταθλιπτικών συμπτωμάτων (r = -0.66, p< 0.0001) και διαταραχής μετατραυματικού stress (r = -0.61, p< 0.0001). Περίπου το ένα τρίτο των ασθενών μας σημείωσε υψηλή βαθμολογία στην κλίμακα CES-D για κατάθλιψη, ενώ η πλειονότητα από αυτούς σημείωσε υψηλή βαθμολογία στην κλίμακα STAI για συμπτώματα άγχους. Συμπέρασμα : Η Ποιότητα Ζωής των επιζώντων 1 χρόνο μετά τη νοσηλεία στη Μ.Ε.Θ. επηρεάζεται κυρίως από τη διάρκεια παραμονής στη Μ.Ε.Θ., από τις προ-υπάρχουσες συννοσηρότητες αλλά και από την παρουσία άγχους και κατάθλιψης στους ασθενείς.Λέξεις-κλειδιά: Ποιότητα Ζωής, κρίσιμη ασθένεια, εντατική θεραπεία, άγχος, κατάθλιψη, Σύνδρομο μετά τη Νοσηλεία στη Μ.Ε.Θ.
Active compound test: ethanolic extract of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Using HPLC and LC-MS
Authors: Bhekti Rahimah Santun , Firmansyah Agung , Maharani Winni , Andriane Yuke , Santosa Dicky , Romadhona Nurul
Published: February 2023

Background: The use of herbs as traditional medicine in Indonesia is increasing, with more than 40% of Indonesia's population utilizing them. White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) is a fungus that has various therapeutic effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-cholesterol, and anti-cancer properties. This mushroom contains many active substances in its secondary metabolites which have pharmacological effects. The purpose of this study was to identify the active compounds in the ethanolic extract of white oyster mushroom that will form the extract profile and become the basis for drug development.

Methods: The active compound test used High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS). Ethanolic extract of white oyster mushroom was processed by 70% alcohol maceration, evaporation, and thickening.

Results: The results of the HPLC test showed that the ethanolic extract of white oyster mushroom contained cinnamic acid and rutin, while the LC-MS test showed the presence of p-coumaric acid, Ascorbic acid, Linoleic acid, 9-Eicosene (E), Niacinamide, Veritric acid, Syringic acid, Ergosterol.

Conclusions: Cinnamic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid, Ascorbic acid, Linoleic acid, 9-Eicosene (E), Niacinamide, Veratric acid, Syringic acid, and Ergosterol that were detected in the ethanolic extract of white oyster mushroom showed that the extract had the potential for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
RED FLY AGARIC IN MODERN MEDICINE (short message)
Authors: Gorelikov M.
Published: February 2023

Preparations of red fly agaric have anti-anxiety, antidepressant, psychostimulating, analgesic effect. The aim of the study is to identify the antidepressant, psychostimulating activity of the red fly agaric in order to select a priority direction for further in–depth research. Material and method of research. A preclinical preliminary study of the results of taking powder from the caps of the mushroom fly agaric red by volunteers – subscribers of the telegram channel t.me/zhaxar555 , with subsequent statistical processing of the feedback result. The research method was a questionnaire, the questionnaire consisted of a Beck depression scale, a sleep disturbance scale, and an emotional state questionnaire. Results and their discussion. The drug of mushroom origin significantly increased the level of the emotional and personal sphere, improved sleep, increased physical activity, the level of the motivational sphere, reduced the level of depressed and anxious mood. Conclusion. The questionnaire revealed a good efficacy of taking the body of the mushroom mu-homor red in monotherapy of mild subdepressive disorder, which determines the prospect of studying the drug in a further clinical study.
„Odgadywanie” historii biblijnej w Mistrzu i Małgorzacie
Authors: Przebinda Grzegorz
Published: February 2023

Głównym celem powyższego artykułu było udowodnienie, że Bułhakow w swym Mistrzu i Małgorzacie – poprzez obrazy Jeszui Ha-Nocri, Piłata, Mateusza Lewiego i Kaify – bronił chrześcijaństwa personalistycznego i pełnego miłosierdzia, odrzucał zaś odżywające niestety i w naszych czasach, w latach 20. XXI wieku, „chrześcijaństwo średniowieczne”, posługujące się w swych argumentacjach i praktyce przemocą oraz mieczem. Taki był właśnie, zdaniem autora powyższego artykułu, ideowy cel Bułhakowa, a środki artystyczne mające temu służyć czerpał autor Mistrza i Małgorzaty z literatury religioznawczej i biblijnej. Wbrew szeroko rozpowszechnionym opiniom Bułhakow – inaczej aniżeli powieściowy Mistrz – korzystał podczas tworzenia wątku biblijnego głównie nie ze źródłowych prac w językach obcych, lecz z przetłumaczonych na rosyjski książek na ogół popularnonaukowych, często o zabarwieniu ideologicznym, autorstwa Ernesta Renana czy Frederica Farrara. Jednak to wcale nie dogłębna znajomość historii biblijnej, lecz przede wszystkim geniusz pisarski samego Bułhakowa – wzmocniony jeszcze jego lekturami w języku przede wszystkim ojczystym, ale także przecież tłumaczeń książek obcych – pozwoliły mu „odgadnąć”, tak jak to on sam dogłębnie pojmował, historię Jeszui Ha-Nocri, Piłata, Mateusza Lewiego czy arcykapłana Kaify. W ustaleniu albo przynajmniej zarysowaniu tego wszystkiego pomogła autorowi powyższego artykułu trzydziestopięcioletnia już praca badawcza nad Mistrzem i Małgorzatą, rozpoczęła jeszcze w połowie lat 80. we współpracy z Andrzejem Drawiczem i kontynuowana potem poszukiwaniami w archiwum Bułhakowa w Moskwie, a teraz zwieńczona – jak na razie – rodzinnym tłumaczeniem na polski Mistrza i Małgorzaty, które ukazało się wraz z nowym korpusem komentarzy w 2016 roku w krakowskim wydawnictwie Znak.
Rozmowa Kazimierza Brauna i Barbary Trygar o dramaturgii Tadeusza Różewicza
Authors: Trygar Barbara
Published: February 2023

Celem wywiadu jest przypomnienie współpracy artystycznej Tadeusza Różewicza i Kazimierza Brauna. Braun wyreżyserował 19 przedstawień sztuk Różewicza w Polsce – w Lublinie i we Wrocławiu, oraz za granicą – w Stanach Zjednoczonych, Irlandii i Bułgarii. Wyreżyserowane przedstawienia zawsze zdobywały najwyższe recenzje polskich i zagranicznych krytyków i uczonych.
„To jedno Słowo odkrywa Wszystko…”
Authors: Tulik Jan , Trygar Barbara , Tereszkiewicz Franciszek
Published: February 2023

W rozmowie nawiązującej do niedawnego jubileuszu siedemdziesiątych urodzin Jana Tulika (2021) rozmówcy nawiązali do najważniejszych wątków twórczości poety i pisarza, poetyckiej wyobraźni i powinowactw literackich, procesu twórczego i kondycji współczesnego świata, a także osobistej tablicy wartości.
Estruturas de interação no tratamento psicodinâmico de uma paciente com Transtorno de Personalidade Borderline
Authors: Nardi Suzana Catanio dos Santos , Feijó Luan Paris , Bittencourt Aline Alvares , Serralta Fernanda Barcellos , Benetti Silvia Pereira da Cruz
Published: February 2023

Estruturas de interação são padrões repetitivos que ocorrem entre terapeuta e paciente, mesmo que não sejam conscientes por ambos. Na pesquisa empírica, elas ajudam a compreender como se estabelece o processo de mudança em psicoterapia. Nesse sentido, esta investigação utilizou 68 sessões de psicoterapia psicanalítica de um caso do uma jovem paciente com Transtorno de Personalidade Borderline (TPB) com o objetivo de identificar as estruturas de interação e sua correlação com o tempo de tratamento. Os dados foram gravados em vídeo e posteriormente codificadas através do Psychotherapy Process Q-Set (PQS), por duplas de juízes treinados na metodologia Q-Sort. A partir desses dados, foi realizada a análise fatorial do tipo Q de componentes principais que indicou quatro estruturas de interação, sendo Fator 1: Colaborativo; Fator 2: Resistência; fator 3: Aliança/Ruptura e fator 4: Apoio/Encorajamento. As estruturas indicaram que a interação se voltou para o trabalho de manutenção da interação colaborativa, através de uma posição empática do terapeuta, direcionado para o reconhecimento dos estados internos do paciente. Apesar do trabalho colaborativo, a resistência também surgiu como um padrão repetitivo. O terapeuta se tornou diretivo com intervenções estruturadas e questionando o paciente, desta forma contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de mentalização. Implicações sobre o processo psicoterápico e indicações para estudos futuros são apresentados com o intuito de contribuir na compreensão sobre o tratamento de pacientes com TPB em psicoterapia psicodinâmica.
The ethics of assisted reproduction
Authors: Winter George F
Published: February 2023

George F Winter discusses the debate around assisted reproductive technologies and the right to reproduce
Pre-registration midwifery education: adapting infant feeding observed simulated clinical examinations
Authors: Moorhead Carolyn , Lawther Lorna , Kalu Felicity Agwu
Published: February 2023

Digitally developed and virtually provided midwifery education has gathered momentum as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Preparing students for professional practice in a virtual environment creates challenges and creative opportunities for midwifery educators. Course designs and structures have been adapted to enable students to gain knowledge and experience of practicing in a virtual environment and approaches to assessment have also required adaptation. This article outlines how observed simulated clinical examinations were modified in conjunction with stakeholders from clinical practice and the breastfeeding community to ensure that they aligned with the local reality of virtual infant feeding support. Collaboration was required to ensure that the reality of student's experiences was captured in the assessment process. Challenges encountered included being sensitive to the fluidity of the clinical setting and ensuring that scenarios were relevant and created a sufficient challenge for students. Mitigating against students' concerns regarding virtual simulated clinical assessment should be incorporated into future adaptations of educational interventions and assessments.
Research Roundup
Authors: McGloin Claudia
Published: February 2023

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
Ideas, tasks and information: all to hand in a single workflow
Authors: Ratcliffe Jason
Published: February 2023

Many people amass useful information and articles, saving them as notes or bookmarks in chapters and websites. While this information is easily available in theory, in practice it can be difficult to find what is needed—or even remember what has been stored. A different approach to keeping and managing data can help manage tasks, avoid procrastination and develop ideas and knowledge
Türkiye ve Özbekistan’da Yazılan Romanlarda ‘Ankara Savaşı’
Authors: AÇIK Fatma
Published: February 2023

Edebî eserlerde geçmiş, çok farklı yaklaşımlarla, bazen çelişkili yorumlarla ele alınır, tarihî olayların toplum üzerinde meydana getirdiği olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri göz önüne serilmeye çalışılır. Yazarlar tarihten aldıkları malzemeyi çağdaş anlatı düzleminde inceleyerek kurmacayı meydana getirirler. Dolayısıyla eserin tarihî gerçeklikle örtüşmesi de gerekli görülmeyebilir. Bu çalışmada
Mehmet Samih Fethi’nin Timur, Oktay Tiryakioğlu’nun Devlerin Savaşı Yıldırım Bayezid ve Timurlenk, İbrahim Hakkı Gündoğdu’nun Bozkırın Son Atlısı Timur, Dündar Alp’in Şarkın Büyük Hakanı Timurlenk, Erol Toy’un Azap Ortakları 1, 2, Xurshid Davron’ın Sohibqiron Nabirasi yoki Mitti Yulduz Qissasi ile Amir Temur O‘g‘lining O‘limi, Yevgeni Berezikov’un Buyuk Temur 1, Muhammed Ali’nin Ulug‘ Saltanat 1., 2., 3., 4. Kitob, Buriboy Ahmedov’un Amir Temur adlı eserleri Ankara Savaşı’na bakış açısı yönünden incelenmiştir. Savaşın çıkış nedenleri ve sonrasını Özbekistan ve Türkiye sahasında yazarlar farklı şekillerde yorumlarken; savaşın gerçekleştiği yer, şekil ve sonuç bakımından ortak kanaate sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir.
MRI assessment of femoral head docking following closed reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Fu Zhe , Zhang Zhongli , Deng Shuzhen , Yang Jianping , Li Bing , Zhang Huadong , Liu Jun
Published: February 2023

Aims

Eccentric reductions may become concentric through femoral head ‘docking’ (FHD) following closed reduction (CR) for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). However, changes regarding position and morphology through FHD are not well understood. We aimed to assess these changes using serial MRI.

Methods

We reviewed 103 patients with DDH successfully treated by CR and spica casting in a single institution between January 2016 and December 2020. MRI was routinely performed immediately after CR and at the end of each cast. Using MRI, we described the labrum-acetabular cartilage complex (LACC) morphology, and measured the femoral head to triradiate cartilage distance (FTD) on the midcoronal section. A total of 13 hips with initial complete reduction (i.e. FTD < 1 mm) and ten hips with incomplete MRI follow-up were excluded. A total of 86 patients (92 hips) with a FTD > 1 mm were included in the analysis.

Results

At the end of the first cast period, 73 hips (79.3%) had a FTD < 1 mm. Multiple regression analysis showed that FTD (p = 0.011) and immobilization duration (p = 0.028) were associated with complete reduction. At the end of the second cast period, all 92 hips achieved complete reduction. The LACC on initial MRI was inverted in 69 hips (75.0%), partly inverted in 16 hips (17.4%), and everted in seven hips (7.6%). The LACC became everted-congruent in 45 hips (48.9%) and 92 hips (100%) at the end of the first and second cast period, respectively. However, a residual inverted labrum was present in 50/85 hips (58.8%) with an initial inverted or partly inverted LACC.

Conclusion

An eccentric reduction can become concentric after complete reduction and LACC remodelling following CR for DDH. Varying immobilization durations were required for achieving complete reduction. A residual inverted labrum was present in more than half of all hips after LACC remodelling. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(2):140–147.
What are the resection accuracy and guide-fitting errors associated with 3D-printed, patient-specific resection guides for bone tumour resections?
Authors: Lee Seung H. , Kim Wanlim , Lee Jong S.
Published: February 2023

Aims

This study aimed to analyze the accuracy and errors associated with 3D-printed, patient-specific resection guides (3DP-PSRGs) used for bone tumour resection.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 29 bone tumour resections that used 3DP-PSRGs based on 3D CT and 3D MRI. We evaluated the resection amount errors and resection margin errors relative to the preoperative plans. Guide-fitting errors and guide distortion were evaluated intraoperatively and one month postoperatively, respectively. We categorized each of these error types into three grades (grade 1, < 1 mm; grade 2, 1 to 3 mm; and grade 3, > 3 mm) to evaluate the overall accuracy.

Results

The maximum resection amount error was 2 mm. Out of 29 resection amount errors, 15 (51.7%) were grade 1 errors and 14 (38.3%) were grade 2 errors. Complex resections were associated with higher-grade resection amount errors (p < 0.001). The actual resection margins correlated significantly with the planned margins; however, there were some discrepancies. The maximum guide-fitting error was 3 mm. There were 22 (75.9%), five (17.2%), and two (6.9%) grade 1, 2, and 3 guide-fitting errors, respectively. There was no significant association between complex resection and fitting error grades. The guide distortion after one month in all patients was rated as grade 1.

Conclusion

In terms of the accurate resection amount according to the preoperative planning, 3DP-PSRGs can be a viable option for bone tumour resection. However, 3DP-PSRG use may be associated with resection margin length discrepancies relative to the planned margins. Such discrepancies should be considered when determining surgical margins. Therefore, a thorough evaluation of the preoperative imaging and surgical planning is still required, even if 3DP-PSRGs are to be used. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(2):190–197.
Three to six tissue specimens for histopathological analysis are most accurate for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Sigmund Irene K. , Yeghiazaryan Lusine , Luger Markus , Windhager Reinhard , Sulzbacher Irene , McNally Martin A.
Published: February 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal deep tissue specimen sample number for histopathological analysis in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Methods

In this retrospective diagnostic study, patients undergoing revision surgery after total hip or knee arthroplasty (n = 119) between January 2015 and July 2018 were included. Multiple specimens of the periprosthetic membrane and pseudocapsule were obtained for histopathological analysis at revision arthroplasty. Based on the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) 2013 criteria, the International Consensus Meeting (ICM) 2018 criteria, and the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) 2021 criteria, PJI was defined. Using a mixed effects logistic regression model, the sensitivity and specificity of the histological diagnosis were calculated. The optimal number of periprosthetic tissue specimens for histopathological analysis was determined by applying the Youden index.

Results

Based on the EBJIS criteria (excluding histology), 46 (39%) patients were classified as infected. Four to six specimens showed the highest Youden index (four specimens: 0.631; five: 0.634; six: 0.632). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of five tissue specimens were 76.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 67.6 to 81.4), 86.8% (95% CI 81.3 to 93.5), 66.0% (95% CI 53.2 to 78.7), and 84.3% (95% CI 79.4 to 89.3), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated with 0.81 (as a function of the number of tissue specimens). Applying the ICM and IDSA criteria (excluding histology), 40 (34%) and 32 (27%) patients were categorized as septic. Three to five specimens had the highest Youden index (ICM 3: 0.648; 4: 0.651; 5: 0.649) (IDSA 3: 0.627; 4: 0.629; 5: 0.625).

Conclusion

Three to six tissue specimens of the periprosthetic membrane and pseudocapsule should be collected at revision arthroplasty and analyzed by a pathologist experienced and skilled in interpreting periprosthetic tissue. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(2):158–165.
Total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for treatment of femoral neck fractures
Authors: Tohidi Mina , Mann Stephen M. , Groome Patti A.
Published: February 2023

Aims

This study aimed to describe practice variation in the use of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for older patients with femoral neck fracture and to determine the association between patient, surgeon, and institution factors and treatment with THA.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 49,597 patients aged 60 years and older from Ontario, Canada, who underwent hemiarthroplasty or THA for femoral neck fracture between 2002 and 2017. This population-based study used routinely collected healthcare databases linked through ICES (formerly known as the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences). Multilevel logistic regression modelling was used to quantify the association between patient, surgeon, and institution-level variables and whether patients were treated with THA. Variance partition coefficient and median odds ratios were used to estimate the variation attributable to higher-level variables and the magnitude of effect of higher-level variables, respectively.

Results

Over the study period, 9.4% of patients (n = 4,638) were treated with THA. Patient factors associated with higher likelihood of treatment by THA included: younger age, male sex, and diagnosis with rheumatoid arthritis. Long-term care residence, use of home care services prior to hip fracture, diagnosis of dementia, higher comorbidity burden, and the most marginalized group were negatively associated with treatment by THA. Treating surgeon and institution accounted for 54.2% and 17.8% of the total variation in treatment with THA, respectively. Surgeon volume of THA procedures in the 365 days prior to surgery was the strongest higher-level predictor of treatment with THA. Specific treating surgeons and institutions still accounted for significant proportions of the variability in treatment with THA (40.3% and 19.5% of total observed variation, respectively) after controlling for available patient, surgeon, and institution-level variables.

Conclusion

The strongest predictors for treatment of patients with femoral neck fracture with THA were patient age, treating surgeon, and treating institution. This practice variation highlights differential access to care for patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(2):180–189.
Comparison of COVID-19 Vaccination Rollout Approaches across Canada: Case Studies of Four Diverse Provinces
Authors: Fitzpatrick Tffany , Camillo Cheryl A. , Hillis Shelby , Habbick Marin , Mauer-Vakil Dane , Roerig Monika , Muhajarine Nazeem , Allin Sara
Published: February 2023

Across Canada, there were notable differences in the rollout of provincial/territorial COVID-19 vaccination programs, reflecting diverse sociodemographic profiles, geopolitical landscapes, health system designs, and pandemic experiences. We collected information regarding underlying principles and goals, governance and authority, transparency and diversity of communications, activities to strengthen infrastructure and workforce capacity, and entitlement and access in four diverse provinces (British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Ontario, Nova Scotia). Through cross-case analysis, we observed significant differences in provincial rollouts of the primary two-dose vaccination series in adults between December 2020 and December 2021. Nova Scotia was the only province to state explicit coverage goals and adhere to plans tying coverage to the relaxation of public health measures. Both Nova Scotia and British Columbia implemented fully centralized vaccination booking systems. In contrast, Saskatchewan's initial highly centralized approach enabled the rapid delivery of first doses; however, rollout of second doses was slower and more decentralized, occurring primarily through community pharmacies. In alignment with its decentralized health system, Ontario pursued a regionalized approach, primarily led by its existing public health unit network. Our research suggests explicit goals, centralized booking, and flexible delivery strategies improved uptake; however, ongoing learning will be crucial for informing the success of future vaccination efforts.
February 2023 Pulmonary Case of the Month: SCID-ing to a Diagnosis
Authors:   Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ USA, Wesselius Lewis
Published: February 2023

History of Present Illness A 40-year-old man was referred for management of respiratory symptoms of cough, sputum production and shortness of breath. He has a history of respiratory infections that began in early childhood. Sputum cultures were positive for Pseudomonas. He is currently using oxygen at night and occasionally during the day. Past Medical History, Family History and Social History • Childhood diagnosis of asthma. • Multiple colds and pneumonias in the past. • No family history of a similar problem. • He has never smoked. • Denies any occupational exposure. Physical Examination • Vital Signs: O2 Sat 88% on RA • Chest: diminished breath sounds, no wheezes • Heart: regular rate and rhythm without murmur • Extremities: mild clubbing present, no edema Pulmonary Function Testing Pulmonary function testing (PFTs) was performed with results as below (Figure 1). Thoracic CT Scan A thoracic CT was performed (Figure 2). Which of the following is/are true? 1. PFTs show severe obstructive …
Korean mothers’ career aspirations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Nam Youngeun , Sennott Christie
Published: February 2023

Working mothers face challenges in pursuing their career aspirations due to work–family conflict. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has posed added challenges for working mothers by increasing care demands while also causing numerous health, economic and social disruptions. In this paper, we examine the impact of COVID-19 on Korean working mothers’ career aspirations. We employ a longitudinal qualitative design by analysing 64 in-depth interviews with 32 mothers of young children in South Korea. By interviewing the same women before (2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020), we are able to document how working mothers’ career aspirations were impacted by COVID-19. Findings show that all working mothers in the sample experienced increased care demands due to COVID-19. However, the influence of COVID-19 on working mothers’ career aspirations hinged on gendered beliefs related to childcare responsibility. When working mothers believed or were subjected to beliefs that mothers should be the primary caregiver for children (gendered care belief), their career aspirations were tempered or relinquished. On the other hand, those who believed that mothers should not be held solely responsible for childcare (gender egalitarian care belief) continued to pursue their career aspirations or experienced career advancements during COVID-19. Findings suggest that beliefs related to care responsibilities play an important role in working mothers’ pursuit of their career aspirations, and potentially their future careers.