bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive green growth indicators across countries and territories
Authors: Sarkodie Samuel Asumadu , Owusu Phebe Asantewaa , Taden John
Published: June 2023

A sustainable transition to green growth is crucial for climate change adaptation and mitigation. However, the lack of clear and consistent definitions and common measures for green growth implies a disagreement on its determinants which hampers the ability to proffer valuable guidance to policymakers. We contribute to the global debate on green economic development by constructing green growth measures from 1990 to 2021 across 203 countries. The pillars of green growth are anchored on five dimensions namely natural resource base, socio-economic outcomes, environmental productivity, environmental-related policy responses, and quality of life. Contrary to the aggregated methods used in constructing indices in the extant literature, we employ a novel summary index technique with generalized least squares attributed-standardized-weighted index that controls for highly correlated variables and missing values. The constructed indicators can be used for both country-specific and global data modeling on green economic development useful for policy formulation.
Wild mockingbirds distinguish among familiar humans
Authors: Levey Douglas J. , Poulsen John R. , Schaeffer Andrew P. , Deochand Michelle E. , Oswald Jessica A. , Robinson Scott K. , Londoño Gustavo A.
Published: June 2023

Although individuals of some species appear able to distinguish among individuals of a second species, an alternative explanation is that individuals of the first species may simply be distinguishing between familiar and unfamiliar individuals of the second species. In that case, they would not be learning unique characteristics of any given heterospecific, as commonly assumed. Here we show that female Northern Mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos) can quickly learn to distinguish among different familiar humans, flushing sooner from their nest when approached by people who pose increasingly greater threats. These results demonstrate that a common small songbird has surprising cognitive abilities, which likely facilitated its widespread success in human-dominated habitats. More generally, urban wildlife may be more perceptive of differences among humans than previously imagined.
Intraspecific competition and individual behaviour but not urbanization affect the dietary patterns of a generalist avian predator
Authors: Romero-Vidal Pedro , Luna Álvaro , Fernández-Gómez Lola , Navarro Joan , Palma Antonio , Tella José L. , Carrete Martina
Published: June 2023

Urbanization has reshaped ecosystems and changed natural processes, driving an intense transformation of biomes, biotic community composition and diversity. Despite the growing interest in studying urban ecology over the last decades, the consequences of these changes on species occupying these ecosystems are not yet fully understood. Trophic generalism and tolerance to human disturbance have been proposed as two key traits in the colonization of urban environments. However, most studies focused on species’ average traits, paying less attention to the potential role of inter-individual variability. Here, we examined diet specialization in urban and rural breeding pairs, as well as its relationship with individual behaviour and intraspecific competition, using the burrowing owl as a study model. Our results show that both urban and rural breeding pairs behaved as trophic specialists. The diet of burrowing owl breeding pairs followed a gradient from coleopteran- to micromammal-dominated, which is related to individual behaviour (bolder individuals consuming more coleopterans than shyer ones). Besides, pairs distant from others showed a more diverse diet than those experiencing higher levels of intraspecific competition. Models fitted separately for each habitat showed that the proportion of micromammals in the diet of urban breeding pairs was related to their behavior, while the diet of rural pairs was not affected by individual behavior but by intraspecific competition. However, despite the strong selection of tame and more explorative individuals in urban environments and the higher density they reach in this habitat type, they did not differ in their degree of diet specialization from rural conspecifics. Although it would be necessary to evaluate prey availability on a small scale, our results suggest that burrowing owl breeding pairs behave as specialists, despite the generalist character of the species, and that this specialization is not affected by the occupation of urban environments but to individual behaviour and intraspecific competition.
Tobacco consumption patterns among Iranian adults: a national and sub-national update from the STEPS survey 2021
Authors: Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen , Ghanbari Ali , Fattahi Nima , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Masinaei Masoud , Ahmadi Naser , Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi , Naderian Mohammadreza , Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi , Rezaei Negar , Ghasemi Erfan , Farzi Yosef , Yoosefi Moein , Rezaei Nazila , Foroutan Mehr Elmira , Moghimi Mana , Nasserinejad Maryam , Maleki Ali , Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: June 2023

Smoking is recognised as a critical public health priority due to its enormous health and economic consequences. Constant monitoring of the effectiveness of tobacco control programs calls for timely population-based data. This study reports the national and sub-national patterns in tobacco consumption among Iranian adults based on the results from the STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) survey 2021. This study was performed through an analysis of the results of the STEPS survey 2021 which had been conducted as a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Participants included Iranian adults aged ≥ 18 years in all provinces of Iran, who were selected via multistage cluster sampling method. Data were analyzed via survey analysis while considering population weights. The total number of participants was 27,874, including 15,395 (55.23%) women and 12,479 (44.77%) men. The all-ages prevalence of current tobacco smoking was 14.01% overall, 4.44% among women, and 25.88% among men. The all-ages prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 9.33% overall, 0.77% among women, and 19.95% among men. The all-ages prevalence of current hookah smoking was 4.5% overall, 3.64% among women, and 5.56% among men. The mean (SD) number of cigarettes smoked per day was 12.41 (10.27) overall, 7.65 (8.09) among women, and 12.64 (10.31) among men. The mean (SD) monthly times of hookah use was 0.42 (7.87) overall, 2.86 (23.46) among women, and 0.3 (6.2) among men. The national all-ages prevalence of second-hand smoking at home was 24.64% overall, 27.38% among women, and 20.26% among men. The national all-ages prevalence of second-hand smoking at work was 19.49% overall, 17.33% among women, and 22.94% among men. The tobacco consumption in Iran remains alarmingly high, indicating the current tobacco control policy implementation level is ineffective and insufficient. This calls for adopting, implementing, and enforcing comprehensive packages of evidence-based tobacco control policies.
Whole mitochondrial genomes reveal the relatedness of the browsing ant incursions in Australia
Authors: Prodhan M. Asaduzzaman , Widmer Marc , Kinene Tonny , Kehoe Monica
Published: June 2023

Global trade and human movements outspread animal species, for example ants, from their native habitats to new areas. This causes biosecurity concerns because an exotic ant might have adverse impacts on agriculture, the environment, or health; thus, incurring economic losses. The browsing ant, Lepisiota frauenfeldi, was first detected in 2013 at the Perth Airport. Since then, more discrete browsing ant infestations have been found in Perth and at the Ports of Darwin and Brisbane. This exotic ant has been deemed a significant pest in Australia and eradication efforts are underway. However, tackling this invasion requires an understanding of how these infestations are related. Are they same or separate or a combination of both? Here, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis using high-throughput sequencing data to determine their relatedness. Our results showed that each interstate incursion was separate. Furthermore, the Western Australian incursions might have two introductions. These findings are critical in devising effective biosecurity measures. However, we discovered that this information could only be revealed by analysing the whole mitochondrial genome; not by a single mitochondrial gene as typically done for species identification. Here, we sequenced 51 whole mitogenomes including three of its congener L. incisa for the first time, for tracing future infestations.
High-efficiency upconversion process in cobalt and neodymium doped graphene QDs for biomedical applications
Authors: Zarghami Armin , Dolatyari Mahboubeh , Mirtagioglu Hamit , Rostami Ali
Published: June 2023

Multiphoton absorbing upconversion nanoparticles are emerging as bioimaging materials but are limited by the low quantum yield of their visible fluorescence. This article contains colloids of graphene quantum dots (GQDs), Neodymium, and Cobalt doped Graphene Quantum dots (Co-GQDs and Nd-GQDs) surrounded by carboxylic acids are synthesized which especially are suitable for bio applications; in this way, carboxylic acid groups exchanged by Amoxicillin as an antibiotic with bactericidal activity. The XRD diffraction method, TEM microscope, UV–Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopies characterize the synthesized materials. The synthesized Quantum dots (QDs) exhibit upconversion properties and their emission is centered at 480 nm, but a red shift was observed with the increase of the excitation wavelength. In the emission spectra of synthesized QDs that can be related to the defect levels introduced by passivation of the QDs in the structure, the results show that with the interaction of the surface QDs with more carboxylic groups, the redshift is not observed. As the results indicate an increase in the intensity of upconversion emission is recorded for Co-GQDs and Nd-GQDs. The absolute quantum efficiency (QY) for Co-GQDs and Nd-GQDs were determined to be 41% and 100% more than GQDs respectively. DFT calculations indicate a strong bond between graphene and cobalt and Neodymium atoms. In doped materials, there are trap levels between the band gap of the GQDs which are responsible for increasing the intensity of the upconversion phenomenon.
Recyclable photocatalyst perovskite as a single-electron redox mediator for visible-light-driven photocatalysis gram-scale synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones in air atmosphere
Authors: Mohamadpour Farzaneh
Published: June 2023

Based on the Biginelli reaction of β-ketoesters, arylaldehydes, and urea/thiourea, we created a green radical synthesis procedure for 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones. A single-electron redox mediator was applied to a solution of ethanol in an air environment, at room temperature, and with blue LEDs as a renewable energy source in order to create. The objective of this research is to create a halide perovskite that is widely available, affordable, recyclable, and economically feasible. A factor mentioned in the discussion is that the procedure tolerates a variety of donating and withdrawing functional groups while still offering a very fast rate and excellent yields. The range of yields is quite uniform (86–94%, average: 90.4%), and the range of reaction times is very quick (4–8 min, average: 5.8 min). Furthermore, gram-scale cyclization shows that it is applicable for use in industry. Additionally, CsPbBr3 is quite stable and can be used six times in a row without experiencing significant structural changes or activity loss, which has been extremely helpful in meeting industrial needs and environmental issues.
Study on the influences of the fractal dimension of the root system and slope degree on the slope stability
Authors: Hai Long , Lv Yongbo , Tan Shilin , Feng Lixin
Published: June 2023

The problem of quantifying the effect of the alfalfa root morphology on the stability of the shallow surface layer of the slope of the Haizhou open-pit coal mine and the optimal slope degree in terms of the reinforcement of the shallow surface layer by the alfalfa root system was addressed. In this study, the mechanical parameters of plain soil and alfalfa root–soil composite samples were measured by indoor soil tests and triaxial compression tests, and a calculation model for the slope of the Haizhou open-pit coal mine was established in FLAC3D numerical simulation software to analyze the influence of the alfalfa root system on the maximum displacement of the shallow surface layer of the slope and the relationship with the fractal dimension of the alfalfa root system. The fractal dimension was applied to quantify the influence of the alfalfa root morphology to further investigate the relationship between the fractal dimension of the root system and the optimal slope of the shallow surface layer. The analysis showed that the fractal dimension of the alfalfa root system varied at different slope degrees, i.e., 40° > flat > 30° > 50°; the maximum soil displacement of the shallow surface layer of the slope increased with slope in nonlinear increments. Analysis of the fractal dimension of the alfalfa root system and the maximum displacement reduction rate at the different slope degrees revealed that the optimal slope degree of the shallow surface layer reinforced by alfalfa varied between 30° and 40°. The study results could provide a basis for further explaining the nature of the role of the alfalfa root morphology in reinforcing shallow surface soil and the optimal slope degree of the slope of the Haizhou open-pit coal mine reinforced by alfalfa roots.
Symbiotic UCYN-A strains co-occurred with El Niño, relaxed upwelling, and varied eukaryotes over 10 years off Southern California
Authors: Fletcher-Hoppe Colette , Yeh Yi-Chun , Raut Yubin , Weissman J L , Fuhrman Jed A
Published: June 2023

Biological nitrogen fixation, the conversion of N2 gas into a bioavailable form, is vital to sustaining marine primary production. Studies have shifted beyond traditionally studied tropical diazotrophs. Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa (or UCYN-A) has emerged as a focal point due to its streamlined metabolism, intimate partnership with a haptophyte host, and broad distribution. Here, we explore the environmental parameters that govern UCYN-A’s presence at the San Pedro Ocean Time-series (SPOT), its host specificity, and statistically significant interactions with non-host eukaryotes from 2008-2018. 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequences were amplified by “universal primers” from monthly samples and resolved into Amplicon Sequence Variants, allowing us to observe multiple UCYN-A symbioses. UCYN-A1 relative abundances increased following the 2015-2016 El Niño event. This “open ocean ecotype” was present when coastal upwelling declined, and Ekman transport brought tropical waters into the region. Network analyses reveal all strains of UCYN-A co-occur with dinoflagellates including Lepidodinium, a potential predator, and parasitic Syndiniales. UCYN-A2 appeared to pair with multiple hosts and was not tightly coupled to its predominant host, while UCYN-A1 maintained a strong host-symbiont relationship. These biological relationships are particularly important to study in the context of climate change, which will alter UCYN-A distribution at regional and global scales.
Functionalized hydrogel–microsphere composites stimulating neurite outgrowth for vascularized bone regeneration
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang He , Zeng Ziqian , Yan Shuang , Hei Yu , Zhang Yifei , Chen Yang , Zhang Siqi , Zhou Wen , Wei Shicheng , Sun Yuhua
Published: June 2023

Neurovascularized bone regeneration remains an enormous challenge in the clinic.
Personalized demand-responsive biphasic microneedle patch for smart drug administration
Authors: Deng Shuyue , Shuai Yao , Zhang Shibo , Sun Caixia , Chang Lei , Xu Jie , Tong Ling , Ji Qunsheng , Li Min , Dai Jianjun , Ju Yanmin
Published: June 2023

A personalized biphasic microneedle patch with variable treatment regimens and an invisible drug delivery capability.
Improving molecular machine learning through adaptive subsampling with active learning
Authors: Wen Yujing , Li Zhixiong , Xiang Yan , Reker Daniel
Published: June 2023

Active machine learning can be used to sample training data in an autonomous manner to improve machine learning performance. This approach is competitive with state-of-the-art data sampling approaches, especially on erroneous data.
A framework for understanding the bioconcentration of surfactants in fish
Authors: McLachlan Michael S. , Ebert Andrea , Armitage James M. , Arnot Jon A. , Droge Steven T. J.
Published: June 2023

Bioconcentration of surfactants is described using chemical space plots ofkU,kTand BCF as a function of the membrane/water distribution coefficient and fraction of neutral species in water.
Precursor design for efficient synthesis of large-pore, sulfur-doped ordered mesoporous carbon through direct pyrolysis
Authors: Robertson Mark , Griffin Anthony , Obando Alejandro Guillen , Barbour Andrew , Davis Ryan , Qiang Zhe
Published: June 2023

This work demonstrates a rational precursor design concept for simple and scalable synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbon materials.
Learning molecular dynamics: predicting the dynamics of glasses by a machine learning simulator
Authors: Liu Han , Huang Zijie , Schoenholz Samuel S. , Cubuk Ekin D. , Smedskjaer Morten M. , Sun Yizhou , Wang Wei , Bauchy Mathieu
Published: June 2023

A graph-based machine learning model is built to predict atom dynamics from their static structure, which, in turn, unveils the predictive power of static structure in dynamical evolution of disordered phases.
Femtosecond laser-scribed superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic self-splitting patterns for one droplet multi-detection
Authors: Huang Qiaoqiao , Yin Kai , Wang Lingxiao , Deng Qinwen , Arnusch Christopher J.
Published: June 2023

We used a femtosecond laser to create a superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic (SHB/SHL) self-splitting pattern to realize self-splitting of droplets and achieve droplet multi-detection.
Heterointerface engineering of NiFe (oxy)hydroxides/CNTs by in situ anchoring of sub-nano Au for efficient water oxidation
Authors: Yu Xiaomei , Deng Zhe , Yao Jiahao , Zhang Xinjie , Zhang Lili , Wan Hao , Gao Jian , Ma Renzhi , Ma Wei
Published: June 2023

Sustainable boosting of water oxidation efficiency by controllable in situ heterointerface engineering of sub-nano Au-anchored NiFe (oxy)hydroxides/CNTs.
Bioinspired hierarchical colloidal crystal paper with Janus wettability for oil/water separation and heavy metal ion removal
Authors: Zhang Lihao , Chen Yufei , Cao Yue , Li Sunlong , Lu Weipeng , Cao Wei , Zhu Jialiang , Bao Weiting , Shao Ming , Gan Zhixing , Di Yunsong , Xing Fangjian , Li Xiang , Zhang Liang , Liu Cihui
Published: June 2023

Increasing attention has been paid recently to superwettability and its prospective potential applications in various fields.
Transition-metal acyclic carbene complexes: building blocks for luminescent, stimuli-responsive, bioactive materials and catalysts
Authors: Chan Shing-Lun , Chun Yuen-Kiu , Ko Chi-Chiu
Published: June 2023

Acyclic carbene complexes exhibit exceptional performance and functional properties comparable to their NHC counterparts, and their environmentally sensitive open acyclic carbene structure makes them ideal for developing smart materials and sensors.
Strategies in the optimization of DNA hybridization conditions and its role in electrochemical detection of dengue virus (DENV) using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Abdul Rashid Jahwarhar Izuan , Yusof Nor Azah , Abdullah Jaafar , Shomiad @ Shueb Rafidah Hanim
Published: June 2023

Schematic of the fabrication and mechanism detection of our developed biosensor.
Highly selective fluorescent probe for detecting mercury ions in water
Authors: Shi Yanfeng , Li Bingxu , Wang Zhifeng , Zhang Yanhao , Zhang Zhibin , Zhang Xu , Li Fulin
Published: June 2023

A novel fluorescent TPH probe was developed to monitor Hg2+ in the water environment, which possessed many advantages, including good water solubility, excellent sensitivity (LOD = 16 nM), high selectivity, and excellent practical application.
Molecular structures of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid for removing calcium sulfate scale under different pH conditions
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyang , Zhu Xingzhe , Xiao Xin , Nan Junmin , Xu Meng , Wu Chen
Published: June 2023

The electronic structure analysis of the structures of CaHEDP complexes under different pH conditions reveals that weak alkalinity is the best condition for HEDP to dissolve calcium sulfate scale.
g-C3N4-modified Zr-Fc MOFs as a novel photocatalysis-self-Fenton system toward the direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol
Authors: Jia Xu , Liu Cong , Xu Xuetong , Wang Fuying , Li Weiwei , Zhang Liuxue , Jiao Shuyan , Zhu Genxing , Wang Xiulian
Published: June 2023

In order to explore a green, economic, and sustainable phenol production process, a heterojunction semiconductor materials g-C3N4/Zr-Fc MOF was synthesizedviaanin situsynthesis method.
Synthesis of oligosaccharides to identify an immunologically active epitope against Candida auris infection
Authors: Singh Rajat Kumar , Reuber Emelie E. , Bruno Mariolina , Netea Mihai G. , Seeberger Peter H.
Published: June 2023

Ten synthetic oligosaccharides resembling Candida auris cell surface mannans are used for plasma screening to identify a vaccine lead.
Exploiting solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy to establish the spatial distribution of polymorphic phases in a solid material
Authors: Cousin Samuel F. , Hughes Colan E. , Ziarelli Fabio , Viel Stéphane , Mollica Giulia , Harris Kenneth D. M. , Pinon Arthur C. , Thureau Pierre
Published: June 2023

Solid-state DNP NMR is applied to detect a small amount of a minor polymorph of an organic material within a major polymorphic phase, yielding quantitative details of the spatial distribution of the two polymorphs within particles in a powder sample.
An ultrahigh energy density Mg–air battery with organic acid–solid anolyte biphasic electrolytes
Authors: Liu Min , Zhang Qiang , Wang Xueliang , Gao Jianxin , Liu Qianfeng , Wang Erdong , Wang Zhenbo
Published: June 2023

The magnesium–air (Mg–air) battery is a promising electrochemical system with high theoretical energy density, inherent safety, and low cost.
Boosting trace SO2adsorption and separation performance by the modulation of the SBU metal component of iron-based bimetal MOFs
Authors: Yao Jinze , Zhao Zhiwei , Yu Liang , Huang Jiajin , Shen Shigen , Zhao Siyao , Wu Ying , Tian Xiangyang , Wang Jun , Xia Qibin
Published: June 2023

The effect of metal modulation on the SO2adsorption and separation performance of MOF materials.
Aluminum dendrite suppression by graphite coated anodes of Al-metal batteries
Authors: He Shiman , Wang Jie , Zhang Xu , Chu Weiqin , Zhao Shu , He Daping , Zhu Min , Yu Haijun
Published: June 2023

A graphite coating layer can effectively protect the Al anode against dendrite growth, exhibiting much enhanced cycle stability and reduced overpotential.
Surface polymerization of melamine resin on a perovskite: enhancing the efficiency and stability of solar cells
Authors: Li Tianyu , Zhang Yuyan , Fang Lingyi , Zhang Bing , Yuan Yi , Zhang Jing , Wang Peng
Published: June 2023

A melamine formaldehyde resin interlayer is formed via the heat-induced polymerization of hexakis(methoxymethyl)melamine on the surface of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites to enhance the efficiency and stability of solar cells.
Towards efficient NFA-based selective near-infrared organic photodetectors: impact of thermal annealing of polymer blends
Authors: Eynaud Q. , Avalos Quiroz Y. A. , Koganezawa T. , Sato R. , Yoshimoto N. , Margeat O. , Ruiz C. M. , Ackermann J. , Videlot-Ackermann C.
Published: June 2023

For wavelength-selective photodetection or color discrimination, organic photodetectors (OPDs) can provide significant advantages as solution processability, chemical versatility and functionality.
Deep learning‐based panoptic segmentation: Recent advances and perspectives
Authors: Chuang Yuelong , Zhang Shiqing , Zhao Xiaoming
Published: June 2023

In recent years, panoptic segmentation has drawn increasing amounts of attention, leading to the rapid emergence of numerous related algorithms. A variety of deep neural networks have been used more frequently for panoptic segmentation, which is motivated by the significant success of deep learning methods in other tasks. This article presents a comprehensive exploration of panoptic segmentation, focusing on the analysis and understanding of RGB image data. Initially, the authors introduce the background of panoptic segmentation, including deep learning models and image segmentation. Then, the authors thoroughly cover a variety of panoptic segmentation‐related topics, such as datasets connected to the field, evaluation metrics, panoptic segmentation models, and derived subfields based on panoptic segmentation. Finally, the authors examine the difficulties and possibilities in this area and identify its future paths.
Orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing‐based signal design for a dual‐function radar‐communications system using circulating code array
Authors: Zhou Yu , Ren Wen , Zhang Qiuyue , Chen Sisi , Zhang Linrang
Published: June 2023

In this study, a dual‐function radar‐communications (DFRC) system based on the circulating code array is presented to address the contradiction between radar and communications system in beam scanning and beam coverage. Processed orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is transmitted by the circulating code array as the base signal to improve the data rate. Following the spatial angle of the communication receiver, the communication symbols are modulated to part of OFDM signal subcarriers occupying a specific frequency band. A significant property of the circulating code array, which provides a relationship between the baseband frequency of the base signal and the spatial angles, implements a basis for safe telecommunication transmission towards the cooperative receiver and demodulation. Moreover, the circulating code array transmits the same signal and introduces the same time interval between adjacent array elements. Therefore, the complex problems of multi‐dimensional orthogonal signal design in the traditional multiple‐input‐multiple‐output‐based DFRC system design are transformed into a simple base signal design. Finally, an omnidirectional coverage pattern is obtained. Thus, whether the communication receiver is in the mainlobe or the sidelobe of the radar beam, the communication connection can be established between the designed DFRC system and the communication users. The performance of the described DFRC system is verified through theoretical analysis and simulations.
Epigenetics of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Molecular Mimicry between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and KISSR
Authors: Kanduc Darja
Published: June 2023

This study analyzed KISS1 and its receptor KISSR for peptide sharing with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was found that SARS-CoV-2 shares numerous minimal immune pentapeptide determinants with KISSR only. The peptide sharing has a high immunologic potential since almost all the common peptides are present in 101 SARS-CoV-2-derived immunoreactive epitopes. Data are in favor of configuring molecular mimicry as an epigenetic factor that can alter KISSR thus causing the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome with which altered KISSR associates.
Investigation on bond performance of concrete strengthened with CFRP plates
Authors: Li Mingcan , Li Xuhong
Published: June 2023

In this paper, concrete specimens with type I prefabricated cracks were prepared, and three-point bending tests were used to investigate the influence of parameters, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plate thickness, depth of the prefabricated crack, concrete strength, and loading speed, on the bonding performance of reinforced concrete structures with externally attached CFRP plates. The CCD cameras were used as the observation system, and the digital speckle technology is used to analyze the expansion characteristics of the prefabricated crack. The failure mode and crack development characteristics of the specimen are numerically simulated by finite element software. The results show that the reinforcement with externally attached CFRP plates can increase the flexural stiffness of concrete, significantly improve the flexural bearing capacity of concrete, and delay the development of cracks; under the same load, reinforcement with externally attached CFRP plates can reduce the propagation distance of prefabricated cracks and increase the bending deformation displacement of the specimen. The numerical simulation results show that, with the increase in the pasting length of the CFRP plate, the bearing capacity of the specimen gradually increases, the deformation capacity of the specimen gradually increases, and the failure crack moves from the middle to both sides.
Research on double-variable EHA elevating and banlancing machine based on Matlab
Authors: Yang Weichao , Liu Fang , Lei Kaiwen , Wang Yuejin , Qu Wubin , Sun Yaodong , Fan He , Kou Yu
Published: June 2023

In order to improve the integration degree of traditional hydraulic pneumatic elevating and banlancing machine of artillery, solve the centralized energy of traditional hydraulic system and complex pipelines all over the vehicle body, and combine with electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) technology, a double variable elevating and banlancing machine based on EHA technology is designed, its system composition and working principle are introduced, its application characteristics in artillery are expounded, and the mathematical model of EHA elevating and banlancing machine is established. The force simulation of EHA elevating and banlancing machine system is carried out by using Matlab software. The simulation results show that the principle of the designed double-variable EHA elevating and banlancing machine system is correct, and its performance can meet the application requirements of artillery.
Angular rate enhanced Overload Controller Design for Low-speed UAVs
Authors: Yuansong Zhang , Zheng Gong , Zian Wang , Yongliang Chen
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the overload controller for low-speed UAV maneuvering flight. Compared with high-speed and supersonic vehicles, low-speed UAVs are more sensitive to atmospheric disturbances during maneuvering and their signals are more sensitive. This paper combines UAV overload control theory and L1 adaptive theory to propose a longitudinal attitude control method based on overload control for low-speed UAVs. The method uses overload as the outer loop and pitch angle rate as the inner loop, and provides a reliable control scheme for maneuvering low-speed UAVs. Through simulation experiments, the controller proposed in this paper is compared with the conventional classical three-loop overload controller. The results show that the controller of this paper has faster angular rate response and stronger anti-interference capability under the same overload corresponding conditions.
Autonomous Following for Unmanned Ground Vehicles on Unstructured Scenario: Risk and Performance Assessment
Authors: Zhong Biqing , Liu Weihang , Zeng Riya , Guo Qiang , Jiang Haibo
Published: June 2023

Military unmanned ground vehicles are often used in wild natural environment, autonomous following and accompanying security are typical functions. In order to make a quantitative assessment about the autonomous following performance of unmanned ground vehicles on unstructured scenarios, a set of evaluation index system construction method is proposed based on the combination of risk analysis and key performance indexes. First, the kinematics model of autonomous vehicle following in straight and curve based on meta-trajectory is established. Second, the key indexes affecting the following performance are analyzed and obtained from collision risk and lost risk. Third, the evaluation index system of autonomous following performance is constructed from five dimensions: average following speed, collision risk, collision hazard degree, following stability and lost risk. Finally, two unmanned vehicles are tested, the results show that the conclusion based on the constructed evaluation index system can significantly reflect the difference of autonomous following performance, which is basically consistent with the subjective evaluation of the test personnel.
Lyapunov based global trajectory tracking control of wheeled mobile robot
Authors: Tao Zhao , Wang Yi-hua , Li Guang-qi , Hou Gang
Published: June 2023

This paper considers the global trajectory tracking control problem of wheeled mobile robot. A novel tracking controller for the kinematic model of wheeled mobile robot is presented based on the cascaded approach theory. Meanwhile, by using the Lyapunov stability theory, the stability of the controller is proved. Finally, the proposed scheme is implemented on the wheeled mobile robot. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the controller.
Research on fuzzy evaluation of combat effectiveness of small bore naval gun
Authors: Linhai Yao , Xiaodong Liang , Zechuan Zhang , Xiulin Yang , Yongan Yang , Jia Wang
Published: June 2023

In view of the fuzziness and uncertainty of the combat effectiveness evaluation index of small bore naval gun, combined with AHP and fuzzy evaluation method, the combat effectiveness evaluation method of small bore naval gun is studied. Firstly, the main influencing factors of the combat effectiveness of small bore naval gun are analyzed, and the index system of combat effectiveness evaluation is established. Then, based on AHP and fuzzy evaluation theory, a fuzzy evaluation model of small bore naval gun combat effectiveness is established. Finally, an example is given to evaluate the combat effectiveness of a small bore naval gun. This method can effectively unify the qualitative and quantitative indexes in the evaluation indexes, and provide an effective method and way for the combat effectiveness evaluation of small bore naval gun.
Joint estimation of DOA and coupling matrix based on linear prediction for small spacing antenna array
Authors: Huang Jiaqi , Liu Tong , Guo Jianming , Zhou Zenghao , Shan Yongzhi
Published: June 2023

A method for joint estimation of DOA and coupling matrix based on linear prediction is proposed for low resolution of mutual coupling calibration method in the case of small spacing antenna array. This method augments array aperture virtually according to linear prediction principle and calculates the coupling matrix by this virtual array. Then, this coupling matrix is used as the initialization matrix of joint estimation algorithm for coupling calibration. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method and provide the theoretical foundation for engineering realization. This method could also be applied in the field of tactical anti-jamming communication.
Modeling and simulation on dynamic engraving process of small caliber armor-piercing projectile with lead-free aluminum filler
Authors: Xu Hui , Zhang Ruijie , Liu Kun , Wu Zhilin
Published: June 2023

In order to reduce the ineffective armor-piercing weight of the small caliber armor-piercing projectile, improve combat effectiveness, and reduce the pollution of lead fillers to the environment, a projectile with aluminum filler was proposed. Taking the small caliber armor-piercing projectile as the research object, using explicit dynamic methods and coupling the classical internal ballistic equations, a numerical simulation model of bullet–barrel interactions during dynamic engraving process was established. And the reliability of the model was verified by the dynamic engraving experiment. Besides, using copper and copper-clad steel (CCS) as the jacket material, and aluminum and lead as the filler material, numerical simulation studies of four schemes were carried out. The result shows that, the aluminum filler projectile will cause a slight increase in the maximum chamber pressure and a slight decrease in the muzzle velocity of the projectile, an increase in the sliding friction force and a decrease in the maximum deformation force, an increase in the contact stress on both sides of the land and a decrease in the contact stress on the land and groove. And the contact stress on the non-driving side is larger than that on the driving side. The average contact stress and the engraving resistance of the Cu-Al case and CCS-Pb case are very close. And the application of Cu-Al projectile may improve the shooting accuracy in the hot barrel conditions compared with Cu-Pb projectile, and achieve the same performance as CCS-Pb projectile.
Multi-parameters study on underwater coil launch
Authors: Liu Ming-feng , Qin Tao-tao , Zhang Ying , Cai Ding-guo
Published: June 2023

The projectile launched by electromagnetic weapon has strong kinetic energy. In order to study the laws and characteristics of electromagnetic induction coilgun launching underwater, a multi-stage coilgun model was established in this paper. Based on the control variates method, the effects of trigger position, coil turns, capacitance value and other parameters on the launching process were studied, then the effects of above factors on the launching efficiency and exit speed were analyzed. The results show that the optimal trigger position offsets to the direction of the breech with the increase of the projectile speed; the optimal coil turns for a certain projectile and launching occurs when the trigger position is determined; the increase of the capacitance value can increase the exit speed of projectile, and the capacitance value should be selected according to the efficiency-speed curve when the launch efficiency is considered; the seawater resistance has little influence on the acceleration of the projectile, and comparatively large influence when there is no driving force. The research results of this paper can provide theoretical support for the manufacture of underwater coilgun prototype.
Numerical Simulation of Free Motion of Supercavitating Projectile with Tail Jet
Authors: Wang Jiawen , Qi Xiaobin , Wang Rui
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the flow field and trajectory of supercavitating projectile are calculated. Based on Fluent software, the axisymmetric calculation model is established, and the numerical simulation method of projectile underwater high-speed trajectory is established. Firstly, the simulation calculation of cavitation shape in the velocity range of 90m/s~190m/s is carried out, which is compared with the classical formula to verify the effectiveness of the calculation method. Then, the numerical simulation of the projectile in the water with initial velocity of 80m/s-130m/s is carried out. The numerical results show that when the engine is not ignited and the initial velocity is 90m/s, the projectile shows a “head up” navigation trend, and no complete supercavitation is formed at this time. In the velocity range of 100m/s-130m/s, the overall motion of the projectile shows a “bow” trend, the projectile is completely wrapped by cavitation, and the projectile does not collide with the cavitation wall. After the engine generates thrust, the maximum range can reach 70m under the action of this thrust.
Experimental investigation on air-breathing continuous rotating detonation engine in the cavity-based combustor
Authors: Cao Qi , Xiao Qiang
Published: June 2023

In order to broaden the stable working range of air-breathing continuous rotating detonation engine and explore the influence of combustor configuration on the propagation characteristics of rotating detonation wave, the cavity-based annular combustor is introduced. Air-breathing rotating detonation engine experiments are conducted with non-premixed ethylene and air. A tri-propellant air-heater is used to imitate the outlet parameters of the intake of Ma4/20km. The designed mass flow is 1kg/s and the total temperature is 860K. The results show that the self-sustaining rotating detonation wave cannot be formed in the conventional annular combustor. The self-sustaining propagation of detonation wave is realized at the equivalent ratio of 0.62 to 0.72 in the cavity-based combustor, and the propagation velocity of which is about 900 m/s. It is demonstrated that the vortex zone in the cavity is conducive to the formation of rotating detonation wave, which can effectively broaden the stable working range of the engine. Feasibility of cavity-based annular combustor in rotating detonation engine is validated.
Numerical Simulation of Cavitation and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectiles in the Shear Flow
Authors: Yuan Xin , Zhao Zijie , Zhou Biaojun , Dai Qi
Published: June 2023

To investigate the cavitation and hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitating projectiles in the shear flow, the Mixture multiphase and Schnerr-Sauer cavitation models are employed to simulate the underwater projectiles. The inflow average velocity is 600 m/s, and the shear rates range from 0 to 7500 s−1. In the uniform flow, the supercavity enveloping projectiles is vertically symmetrical. The drag is dominated by pressure drag, and the lift coefficient is 0. However, the supercavity is asymmetric in the shear flow, which deviates towards the low-speed side of projectiles. This is because the flow around projectiles runs faster on the high-speed side, and the vortices on the low-speed side entrain more fluid from the high-speed side. Thus, the projectiles suffer from normal shear stress orientating towards the low-speed side, and the lift coefficient turns negative. When the shear rate further increases, the projectile shoulder contacts water on the high-speed side, and the viscosity around projectiles is enhanced, resulting in the significant augmentation of the drag coefficient. As the water pressure is strongly larger than saturated vapor pressure on the low-speed side, the normal component of pressure acts more intensely towards the low-speed side of projectiles, and the lift coefficient is further decreased.
Terminal Ballistic Design of Guided Bomb in Rocket Sled Test
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Xiangwei , Liu Xianwei , Yang Yang
Published: June 2023

In order to meet the impact attack angle demand of 3°±1° of the guided bomb in the terminal effect rocket sled test, the dual-track rocket sled was designed as the research object, based on the simulation analysis of bomb-sled separation and factors that interfere with impact attack angle of the guided bomb. The terminal ballistic scheme was created with the guided bomb was preset to 2° and through 3m straight track, 6m curved track with a radius of 40m, 3m free flight, and the impact attack angle would be within the range of 2.12°~2.72°. In the test, impact attack angle of the guided bomb was 2.2°, which verifies the correctness of the design method.
Equivalent simulation test method for internal ballistics of fuze reserve chemical power source with adjustable combined overload and rotational speed
Authors: Li Shiwen , Wang Yingche , Chen Qin , Tian Yu , Xu Manjia , Wang Bo
Published: June 2023

To solve the problem that the test environment is not equivalent to the actual use environment in the step-by-step test method of fuze reserve chemical power supply, this paper proposes a fuze reserve chemical power source with an adjustable combination of overload and rotational speed by building a test platform to realize the synchronization of overload and rotational speed. In this method, compressed air and a rotary table were used to generate the flight power and rotational speed of the test tool, and then the overload and centrifugal force were controlled and loaded by the tool launcher and damping generator, and finally, the non-destructive recovery of the test tool was realized by the slow release mechanism. The test results showed that using the synchronous realization and controllable combination of overload and rotation, the internal ballistic equivalent simulation method could generate 3 000g ~ 30 000g overload, and the rotational speed of 0 ~ 18 000rpm could be synchronously controlled. The test results of the fuze power supply showed that the combination of overload and rotational speed could be controlled by this method. Under the same conditions, the overload repeatability reaches 95.5%, the rotational speed stability reaches 99.7%, and the equivalence with the medium and large-caliber inner ballistic environment is 91%. Therefore, through the test, the basic equivalent simulation of the ballistic environment in the fuze power supply has been realized.
The Study of Optimal Design for Interior Ballistics Based on the Reducing Barrel Erosion
Authors: Yuwei Wang , Wenfang Zhu , Qi Liu , Yancheng Dong
Published: June 2023

Aiming at the problem that the effect of barrel erosion is rarely used as a quantitative constraint in the past interior ballistic design process, the optimization design has been done for a large-caliber gun to improve the barrel life of gun and improve the performance of the interior ballistic, and the equivalent full charges (EFCs) is completed by combining different barrel erosion models with the interior ballistic model. The interior ballistic optimization design simulation represented by the minimization of barrel ablation has realized the optimization of the interior ballistic parameters with the reduction of barrel ablation as the constraint, and obtained the interior ballistic scheme that not only meets the interior ballistic performance indicators, but also helps to reduce the ablation of barrel. The research method formed can guide the design of low-ablation interior ballistic schemes for large-caliber gun, which plays an important role in improving the life of barrel.
Effect of ignition delay runaway of traveling charge on gun firing safety
Authors: Cao Yong-jie , Zhao Na , Ma Jia-jia , Hu Jie , Li Zhi-fei , Zhang Wang
Published: June 2023

In order to promote the engineering application of dense traveling charge technology, a structure scheme of dense traveling charge with central hole was proposed. Aiming at this scheme, the interior ballistic model was established, and the interior ballistic performance advantages of the new traveling charge scheme and the effect of inconsistent ignition delay time on the interior ballistic performance were analysed. The calculated results show that the central hole combustion traveling charge scheme is a feasible scheme. Compared with the end face burning traveling charge scheme, the burning rate of the traveling charge is reduced and the mass ratio of the traveling charge to the total charge is increased, which can effectively increase the muzzle velocity of the projectile and improve the performance of the gun. While the control precision of ignition delay time is at 0.01ms level, which puts forward higher requirements for the design and processing of the slow-burning layer. The ignition delay runaway of the traveling charge will have great influence on the interior ballistic performance of the gun, especially if the delay time is too small, it will cause premature ignition and combustion of traveling charge, resulting in high secondary pressure peak, which is not conducive to the safety of artillery launch. This study can provide guidance for the design of delayed ignition mechanism of traveling charge based on slow burning material.