bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Field Experience Make Difference: Early Childhood Student-Teachers’ Beliefs about Best Practices for Jordanian Kindergarten Children
Authors: Rub Majedah F. Abu Al , Alnaser Lana , Rababah Ebtesam Qassim
Published: March 2022

The separation between academic knowledge gained from university courses and practical knowledge gained from field experiences is an ongoing problem in teacher education. This research investigated the impact of field experiences on early childhood student-teacher’s’ beliefs regarding the best practices (Developmentally Appropriate Practice [DAP]) at kindergarten setting in Jordan. The quantitative methods utilizing pre-and post-surveys were employed. The respondents consisted of (65) students who agreed to be part of the study and filled out the surveys before and after attending the practicum program at the school of education during the first semester of the (2018/2019) school year. The survey consisted of (48) items that evaluated the early childhood education student-teachers’ beliefs regarding the best practices for kindergarten children. The results revealed that the overall mean of the early childhood student-teachers’ beliefs regarding DAP in the kindergarten setting in Jordan before field experience was (2.79), which means they had a moderate belief level of DAP. Furthermore, the researchers found that there are a “statistically significant differences” (at α = 0.05) in early childhood student-teachers’ beliefs regarding DAP before and after attending the practicum program in all domains favoring the post survey, except the “reciprocal relationships with families” domain. Focusing more on the inclusion of developmental practices in theoretical courses during the teacher education programs in university are recommended.
School Autonomy Policy Implementation in Emerging Country
Authors: Fuad Nurhattati , Yusuf Choirul Fuad , Aulia Rihlah Nur
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze how school autonomy was implemented in Jakarta's Special Capital Region, which administratively serves as a barometer for the successful implementation of policies in Indonesia and emerging economies. The research examined how school autonomy has been applied at the school level in terms of program and budget management, curriculum creation, teacher development, and community development. The topics were administrators, teachers, school leaders, and school committee members from 313 Jakarta public primary schools. Data were gathered utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including surveys, interviews, focus groups, and documentary studies. The research indicated that the implementation of school autonomy in Jakarta varies in terms of success, and is contingent on the school's competence and innovation in utilizing its authority and responsibility to grow the institution. Additionally, it is discovered that the weaknesses that must be addressed in order for autonomy to be effective are related to the low quality of leadership demonstrated by school principals, teachers, and school committee participation in management, all of which contribute to the ineffective implementation of school autonomy.
Musical-intelligence based Development of Mathematics Learning Media on the Material of Plane Shapes
Authors: . Ismah , Eminita Viarti , Muthmainnah Rahmita Nurul , Prasetyo Bayu Aji Eko
Published: March 2022

Research with the title Musical-Intelligence Based Development of Mathematics Learning Media on the Material of Plane Shape. This research is aimed to develop musical-based learning media in the material of plane shapes. This is a research and development study. The procedures of the research consisted of product analysis to be developed, initial product development, and product trial. The trial was implemented for around 2 weeks with 5 times of direct meetings and during at home, these students were provided by learning video to watch. At last step of trial, students were tested to see their knowledge on plane shapes. The result of the research revealed that the developed musical-based learning media was valid, hence it is worth to use. This field trial practice resulted 5 students out of 6 who became the objects of the research, they were 100% answered the questions correctly while the other one got 1 incorrect answer. The validity results of that developed media were as follows: At media expert test, validation score gained was 90.58. Based on that achieved score, then it was concluded that the learning video being developed was worth to use. The revision process happened during the creation of song.
Development of Reflective Activity in Preschool Children as a Factor in their Socio-Communicative Development
Authors: Bystray Elena Borisovna , Artemenko Boris Alexandrovich , Chelpanova Elena Vladimirovna , Bekhtereva Elena Nikolaevna , Evtushenko Irina Nikolaevna , Permyakova Nadezhda Evgenievna
Published: March 2022

At present, in accordance with the demands of modern society, particular importance is being gained by the socio-communicative development of preschool children, which focuses on the assimilation of socially accepted norms and values including moral and ethical values, the development of communication and children’s interaction with adults and peers, the formation of their independence, purposefulness, and self-regulation of their own actions, as well as emotional responsiveness and empathy and the formation of positive attitudes toward various kinds of work and creativity. The article reports the results of work on the development of reflective activity in preschool children as a factor in their socio-communicative development.
Educational Construction (Political) of Students in the Discourse "Tegges Mamaca Layang Candra Jagad"
Authors: M Ridwan , Santoso Anang , Darmawan Taufik , Pratiwi Yuni
Published: March 2022

This study aims to reveal the educational construction (politics) of students in the discourse of tegges mamaca Layang Candra Jagad. The educational discourse and leadership advice of a santri was expressed by an interpreter (tokang tegges) at the Macapat (Mamaca) event in Sumenep Madura. The subjects in this study were the performers of the Mamaca/macapat song, both active in the community and cultural practitioners in Sumenep Madura. This research includes critical and contextual discourse studies that describe, interpret, and explain the educational (political) construction of Madurese students in the discourse of Tegges Mamaca Layang Candra Jagad. This research is (1) the construction of santri education in the Macapat event on the reading of Layang Candra Jagad is expressed in three ways, namely the educational value of students, sources of santri education, and actors in the transformation of santri education. First, the educational value of students constructed for students includes religious values, moral values, and beauty values. Second, the sources of santri education used in constructing education are based on religion and education. (2) The construction of santri education in Macapat Candra Jagad is expressed in two ways, namely the value of political education, and the relationship between leaders and society. First, the value of political education that is constructed for santri includes the leader must have knowledge to govern the country; suggestions for potential leaders; leader's behavior. Second, the relationship between the leader and the community is constructed through the attitude of the community towards the leader and the ability of the leader to communicate well with the community. Third, the perpetrators of the transformation of santri education consist of fathers and mothers. This research can be used as an essential information material about mamaca (macapat) art for future research and as a complementary material for similar research but with different perspectives, especially in producing santri education (politics) as a discourse in tegges mamaca. The messages of a king's political education to his students and his son, Raden Candra Jagad, scattered into pearls of wisdom that could serve as role models for leaders and the Madurese community. Raden Candra Jagad received education directly from his father and mother as a knowledgeable king. Raden Jandra Jagad was also asked to look for a teacher now by his father because without a teacher who can guide him directly, he will find it difficult to find his identity, become a true leader, and learn authentic knowledge. Raden Candra Jagad also has perseverance and mental toughness in seeking knowledge because he dares to meditate in quiet places like Caves. The role of the interpreter of the meaning of macapat (tokang tegges mamaca) on Candra Jagad's Layang is constructive in revealing the hidden meaning in the kite.
Distance Learning in Language Courses Under the Constraints of the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Impact of Face-To-Face Learning on Student Motivation
Authors: Smorodinova Maria Vasilievna , Borodina Maria , Tatarintseva Elena , Ermilova Daria Yurievna , Sokolova Antonina Pavlovna
Published: March 2022

The goal of the study is to establish and analyze the opportunities offered by online learning of language courses based on practical experience, what advantages and drawbacks of such learning can be found, and what are its prospects in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. The study provides substantiation for the relevance of studying distance learning of language disciplines in the COVID-19 pandemic and presents various approaches to researching the specific features of online language learning. The article presents the results of a case study of online learning of language courses in different age and professional groups of students of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Russia. The teaching of theoretical courses of the language cycle virtually does not suffer in terms of efficiency and effectiveness from the transition to fully online learning, while the teaching of practical courses should at best be combined, or blended because direct, personalized contact with the teacher is important for the development of students’ learning motivation. That said, being deprived of such contact does not bring any harm to language students, especially when it is preceded by an extended period of instruction with personalized teacher-student contact. Online teaching of language courses offers the students the same opportunities as traditional classroom learning, with the exception of direct contact that results in the development and maintenance of students’ learning motivation.
Do Educational Resources (ER) and Socioeconomic Status (Ses) Affect the Quality of Education?: A Case Study in West Java Indonesia
Authors: Nurulpaik Iik , Permana Johar , Mirfani Aceng Muhtaram , Suryana Asep , Yunus L. Dadang
Published: March 2022

This study sought to examine whether Education Resources (ER) and Socio-Economic Status (SES) affect the quality of education?. The approach used in this research was quantitative. The data came from junior high schools from 26 districts/cities in the province of West Java (Indonesia) in the 2015-2019 period. The source of data was from the publications of the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Indonesian Ministry of National Education. The available data were compiled and statistically tested using SPSS software version 27. The results showed that the SDP and SES variables simultaneously affected the achievement of national exam scores as an indicator of the quality of education.
Exploration of Impoliteness Students’ Utterances in Learning Activities during the New Normal Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amelia Rizky , . Zamzani , Mustadi Ali , Pasani Chairil Faif , Hasan Zainuddin
Published: March 2022

The research describes language impoliteness in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Berau District Elementary School, East Kalimantan. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-qualitative type of research. The subjects of this research were elementary school students and teachers in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Data collection does by recording technique and note-taking technique. The data analysis technique uses an interactive analysis model from Miles, Huberman, & Saldana (2014). The results showed violations of all maxims of politeness in the language in the learning process. A breach of the tact maxim is that students respond to the teacher's orders with an attitude that is not serious or joking. Violation of the generosity maxim is shown by the way students express their intentions or desires emotionally. Violation of the approbation maxim is students criticizes directly or openly. The violation of the modesty maxim carried out by the students demeaned the speech partner. Violation of the agreement maxim indicates students' attitudes who do not respect the teacher's orders using harsh diction. The form of a breach of the sympathy maxim is that students lose their empathy for friends who are having trouble.
Modernization of Education During the Pandemic Conditions for Effective Education on a Distance Basis
Authors: Nagorna Galyna , Moskalenko Alla , Horina Olha , Honcharuk Olha , Demchuk Lyudmila
Published: March 2022

The high demands of the new era and society's changing attitude towards a specialist determine the need to create more effective learning conditions that contribute to the most rational use of psychological, physical, and temporary resources of an individual. In this regard, in the context of modernization of education and its integration into the world educational space, the problem of professional training and advanced training of a person acquires particular relevance. The article examines the development of modern society in the conditions of globalization processes’ influence, determining the emergence of new demands for a subject in any activity field, in particular, in higher education. Furthermore, the pandemic led to enhancing the application of distance learning technologies. In the future, their implementation experience should become the basis for the development of innovative teaching methods, increasing the efficiency of the educational process, and improving information and resource support.
Left-behind Children: Saudi Parents' Addiction to Internet and Its Impact on Parent-child Attachment
Authors: Sabha H. Allehyani
Published: March 2022

Background: The contemporary study purpose was to examine the influence of internet addiction on Saudi parents and their children attachment through applying Use and Gratification Theory (UGT). The analysis of data studies the association between variables that may relate to parents Internet overuse and these included (parental levels of education, age, monthly income, types of employment, children's age and parental statues) and how these variables impact on the family quality of time. Methodology: A random sample of parents (n=284) from the city of Mecca was agreed to recruited. Parental questionnaire was used to measure parents' levels of social media addiction and in what way this influence parent-child attachment. Results: The findings generated from this study revealed the importance of create healthy and positive balance between parents' time spent online and their responsibility to spend quality of time with their young children. Mothers were reported to be more addicted to Internet as they experienced ongoing exposure to social media compared to fathers, therefore young children seemed to have a great risk of neglect. Conclusions/significance: Saudi parents' addition to Internet appeared to negative impact the quality of relationships and interactions with their young children, which in turn affected on their emotional health and well-being.
Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period: Studies on the Social Presence and Affective and Cognitive Engagement of Students
Authors: Ritonga Mahyudin , Lahmi Ahmad , Saputra Riki , . Mursal , . Nofrizaldi
Published: March 2022

The fact that an educational institution is closed temporarily as one of the government's efforts and participation of education to withstand the pace of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. In line with that learning is diverted from the face-to-face system to online learning, in reality online learning the social presence of learners not as expected, on the other hand, learners who are usually active on offline learning both from affective and cognitive aspects are invisible to online learning. The research findings are learners who have an active social presence showing high affective and cognitive involvement in the study online, while students whose sociability passive involvement indicates that they do not engage both affective and cognitive studies during their studies. Researchers have concluded that students who are social and active in affective and cognitive involvement in offline learning do not guarantee the same conditions found online learning.
Development of Scientific-based Science E-Modules on Vibration and Wave Materials to Improve Students' Creative Thinking Skill
Authors: Kurnia Alifia , . Sukarmin , Sunarno Widha
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to learn more about if scientifically based science vibration and wave materials modules can aid students in improving their abilities to think creatively. This study is an example of research and development. The research method employed was Thiagarajan's 4D model research, which has four stages: definition, design, development, and dissemination. Questionnaires and test questions are used to collect data. Sixty eighth-grade students participated in the module effectiveness exam. The data analysis technique employs descriptive analysis to assess the module's practicality, as well as the N-Gain Score to assess creative thinking abilities. The development is manifested in the form of a module built on Scientific principles. Based on the assessment of the science module prepared, the study found that it was in the very good category in terms of the feasibility of the quality of the content/material.
Common Errors Made by Non-English Majored Students in Speaking Skills: A Case Study at a University in Vietnam
Authors: Hoa Le Huong , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Hung Thieu Ngoc
Published: March 2022

The scientific research has made a rigorous effort to examine common grammatical errors in spoken English which are committed by non- English majored undergraduates who are less proficient in the international language. Accordingly, our paper aims to vividly identify errors types based on their incidence levels, as well as to uncover possible causes of such grammatical underperformance, thereby putting forward feasible solutions to well deal with the phenomenon on both sides of in-charge teachers and students. The research and language data were gained from the survey questionnaire and the simulated oral interview of 80 designated students getting involved in a set of optional oral topics. Error analysis of 40 topic-based oral performances depicted that the five most common grammatical errors committed by the students are verb form, word form, pronoun, plural form, and article, respectively, in accordance with linguistic description of errors. On the basis of Dulay et al (1982) surface structure taxonomy, the most incidental types of error involve omission and misinformation, correspondingly, while elements addition and misordering being less frequent. In addition, study outcomes illustrated a fact that a number of students failed to assure essential constituents of a full utterance to a fairly large extent during their oral performance.
Multimedia Effectiveness in Developing Arabic Language Listening and Speaking Skills for Non–Native Speakers
Authors: Alharizeh Maram Farhan , Khasawneh Sani Al
Published: March 2022

The study investigates the Effectiveness of a Multimedia in Developing Arabic listening and speaking skills for the non –native speakers in Amman. To achieve the objectives of the study, a quasi-experimental approach was used, and the sample was chosen purposefully. The study sample consisted of (60) students from the beginners' students of Amiya Center in Amman for the second semester of the academic year 2019/2020. The study sample was distributed randomly in two groups: the experimental group which consisted of (30) students who were taught Arabic using the multimedia, and the control group which consisted of (30) students who were taught the same subject using traditional methods. Two study instruments were prepared which were the achievement test for the listening skill (pre& post-test) and the performance test for speaking skill (pro & post-test) after checking the validity and the reliability of the instruments, the tests were distributed. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a≤0.05) between the two groups for the benefit of the experimental group in the post-test, which were studied using the multimedia. The study revealed the effectiveness of multimedia in developing Arabic language listening and speaking skills. According to the results the researcher recommended using multimedia in Arabic language teaching centers for non-native speakers because of their effectiveness in developing Arabic language listening and speaking skills.
The Mediation Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Self-compassion and Life Satisfaction for the Parents of Children with Autism Disorder
Authors: Mohamed ELsayed Yassen Eltohamey , Al-Kayal Mokhtar Ahmed , Ali Haiba Mohamed Ahmed
Published: March 2022

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between self-compassion as an independent variable, resilience as a mediating variable, and life satisfaction as a dependent variable among parents of children with autism disorder. The sample of the study was (100) (50 fathers, 50 mothers) The age ranged from 28 to 45 with an average age 37.7 and S.D. 7.25 from some of the centres in the Arab Republic of Egypt. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Structural equation modelling (SEM) are used. The results of the study indicates that there is a fit with the proposed model that resilience is a mediation variable between self-compassion and life satisfaction among parents of children with autism disorder. The results of the study also concluded that there are no differences between fathers and mothers in self-compassion, resilience and life satisfaction.
Research on Ways to Educate Children on How to Avoid Sexual Abuse: A Case of Vietnamese Children
Authors: Giang Ho Tra
Published: March 2022

All children in the community are at risk of being sexually abused, including those living in poor or well-to-do families. Not only girls but also male children can become victims of sexual abuse. Child sexual abuse not only causes scars on their bodies, but also children who suffer the scars. It is worth mentioning that after being abused, victims often do not or dare to talk about what happened to them. Most sexual abusers are men and most children are abused by people they know, like relatives, family friends, or neighbours, etc. Sometimes this abuse goes on for a long time, even years. A common trick of the subjects is to take advantage of their trust or influence to seduce and threaten to commit acts of sexual abuse against children. The article analyzes the factors leading to this situation, especially in Vietnam, in order to find suitable solutions. The results show that close coordination between family, school and society plays an important role.
Educational and Social Content for the Good of the Nation Derived from the Book of Legitimate Literatures and Sponsored Gifts for Ibn Mofleh Al Maqdisy and their Applications in Daily Life
Authors: Al-mehdar Dr. Rajaa Bent Said Ali Bin Saleh
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study is to identify the social educational contents derived from the Book of Legitimate Literatures and the Sponsored gifts for Ibn Mufallah Al-Maqdsy, and their educational applications in the everyday life of people. Methodology of the study: The researcher relies on the descriptive approach, where social educational content is extracted through the texts of the Book of Legitimate Literatures, and then inserted in the place reserved for. The most important results: The texts of the Book of legitimate Literatures of Ibn Mufallah Al-Maqdsy have included a number of social educational contents that are indispensable to the life of every Muslim. The most important of which are: respect, advice, guidance and thanks of Muslims in the making of the favor, the ethics of their company and their visit.
Prospects of Narrative Rhetoric
Authors: Shaheen Osamah Hussein
Published: March 2022

This study elucidates the relationship of the new rhetoric with the narrative achievement, which involves a rhetorical act that is different from its poetic counterpart, because it contains new types of text formulation that refer to the unspoken in the fabric of the narration, where its content proves its formation in a new process outside the ordinary, and this new compositional awareness can convince and enjoy in Now the same, and on this basis, the study came to transcend the constant and accomplish the shift between rhetorical art and narration art, to analyze the creative discourse, and reveal its aesthetic values.
Using Cause and Effect Analysis to Improve the Quality of University Education: A Case Study
Authors: Shibli Muslim Allawi , Majid Rafid Abdul Jalil
Published: March 2022

Higher education forms the backbone of any country's economic performance and sustainable development, university institutions in Iraq tried to adopt university quality improvement systems at the forefront of these systems is the international standard (ISO9001) with its various versions, and quality assurance system in higher education according the standards of the of association of Arab Universities, and Iraqi standards, However, the picture was not completed due to the circumstances that faced the development movement for higher education in Iraq, Therefore, it has become necessary for research and studies to be directed towards activating methods of improving university quality, and searching for the most important tools that contribute to implementing this improvement successfully,, That improving the performance of university education in general depends on the level of performance of the comprehensive university educational process, and Good selection and use of tools to improve their quality, On this basis, the main objective of the research was (improving the performance of the comprehensive university educational process in Iraqi colleges using: cause-and-effect analysis technique), Whereas private colleges (the private sector) are more in need of such improvement, so a sample of private colleges in Basra is chosen as an area of study, For this reason, a sample of private colleges in Basra was chosen as a field of study, the research problem was summarized by bellow question: (to what extent can cause and effect analysis be used to determine the fundamental causes affecting the overall university educational process, and improve its performance in private colleges? Whereas the sample of the study is one college (Alknooz university college), So use the deductive approach which depend on (Analysis, discussion and logical reasoning) in its theoretical aspect), and the case study approach in the field study side, The literature of the university educational process was used to collect theoretical information, And developed a special checklist to collect field data related to the evaluation of the causes of the problem, the research reached a set of results, the most important of which is to identify the most fundamental reasons for the problem of improving the educational process in all private colleges in Basra.
Roman Cultures during Prehistoric Eras between Creation and Evolution
Authors: Alnoori Maytham Abdul kadhim J.
Published: March 2022

The Italian peninsula served as a dividing line between the Mediterranean's western and eastern basins, and its unique location allowed it to serve as a point of contact and meeting for the various cultural currents that converged in the Mediterranean basin, including European and African cultures from the north and south. This Mediterranean region, in which the Italian peninsula played a significant role, served as the womb in which (Rome) was conceived, followed by a sequence of beneficial changes that shaped and created the cultured Roman existence.
The Throb of the Poetic Text from the Formation of the Signifier to the Inclination of the Signified in Lamentation of Abu Al-Fadhil Al-Abbas (peace be upon him)
Authors: Al-Juaifari Hanaa Idan Mahdi
Published: March 2022

The poem of lamentation was dominated by the character of consolation, patience, and belief in fate and destiny. The poetry of lamentation is one of the purposes through which the poet expresses his grief for those who lost his family and others, which is the terminology of the people of language and literature, the crying of the dead and the enumeration of his good deeds in poetry and prose. Hence, the research focused on mourning and consoling (Qamar Bani Hashim) Al-Abbas Bin Ali Bin Abi Talib (peace be upon them). This absent present personality and this intangible connection to him because he has unique lofty values that he reinforced with his pure blood to light the way for the living... and this we sensed in the poems of lamentation by the poets of generosity who cried with their wonderful and abundant poems. So I took random samples from poems and elegies of the poets of Al-Joud, and studied the functions of each sample and their implications across different places. Especially in the interrogative functions and their implications, and the functions of the appeal, and its implications, and the functions of introduction and delay and its various implications. The signifier was identified in it, its real meaning, the signified, and its various figurative meanings.
Factors Affecting Teachers in Collecting HOTS Questions: A Description Analysis
Authors: Mahendra I Wayan Eka , Parmithi Ni Nyoman , Jayantika I Gusti Agung Ngurah Trisna
Published: March 2022

In the hierarchy of cognitive processes, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is the highest level that requires high-level creative thinking and action which includes the ability to analyze, evaluate, and create. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect the ability of teachers in preparing HOTS-based assessments. This study uses a descriptive or exploratory approach with a qualitative descriptive strategy involving 28 high school mathematics teachers in the provinces of Bali, NTB, and NTT. Research data were collected through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and documentation analysis. The results showed that in general the teacher's ability in compiling HOTS-based assessments was in a fairlygood category with a percentage of 48.90. The indicator of understanding the HOTS concept is in the good category with a percentage of 72.14%; indicator of completeness of references related to digital literacy with a percentage of 35.71%; 72 in the low category the indicator of developing a HOTS assessment related to motivation has a percentage of 34.82%; and the indicator of modifying the content for HOTS questions related to creativity has a percentage of 17.86%. It is recommended that intensive training be carried out for teachers, especially high school mathematics teachers in preparing HOTS-based assessments.
Stress, Anxiety and Depression Among First-Generation College Students in Chennai
Authors: Finny M. Samuel , P. Dr. Suresh , Prabakhar Dr.A.A. Jayashree
Published: March 2022

Stress, anxiety, and depression are the common factors found among the world’s first-generation college students. Different socio and economic conditions influence them to undergo these periods of trauma in their development life span. An amount of positive stress anxiety is recommended in one’s life. But when they exceed their limit of control and coping, they become chronic problems, even can lead one to the level of suicide. First-generation students go through severe problems due to several psychosocial elements. This study scientifically proves how skills are very important in their lives to overcome these problems.
How the Application of the MURI-Q (Murottal Rhythm Qur'an) Method Correlates to Students' Motivation Memorizing Short Surahs of the Quran
Authors: . Iswan , Rahman Fityah Fathaniyyah , Hassan Zainudin
Published: March 2022

This research is motivated by the low motivation of students in learning tahfidz. Students feel bored quickly and quickly forget rote memorization because in general teachers still use the classical method including the lecture method the teacher only gives orders without providing a solution on how to memorize a fast and fun method. This study aims to increase students' motivation in memorizing short suras with an approach using the Muri-Q (Murattal Irama Qur'an) method. The research was conducted at SD Muhammadiyah Bedoyo.Yogyakarta. Indonesia. The method used in this research is an experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design approach. The results showed that there was an effect of the Muri-Q method on increasing students' motivation in memorizing short suras. The results of the study were proven from the results of the N-Gain statistical test and T-test, with the average value of the pretest and posttest results of the experimental class of 75% and Included in the category of quite effective. Based on the results of the t-test, the value of 9.079>1.697 is considered very significant compared to the t-table of 0.000 <0.05. It is concluded that there is an effect of increasing student motivation in memorizing short suras using the Muri-Q method.
Reference of Predicates in Al-Maqsoura Poem by Al-Jawahiri
Authors: Chichan Dr. Ameen Obaied , Al-Ma'mori Dr. Hassan Obaied
Published: March 2022

The present study tackles the reference of predicates in the most famous poems of the Iraqi poet Muhammad Mahdi Al-Jawahiri, which is his poem that is known as Al-Maqsoura. Predicates occurred in many forms in this poem as known in the Arabic syntax. They were sometimes singular, which is the origin of predicates in Arabic. The singular predicate was sometimes definite and some other times, it was indefinite due to what the poet intended by virtue of the length of his poem and the richness of its content. Predicates were structured as a nominal sentence due to semantic reasons. They were also structured as verbal sentences to express the indications intended by the poet that only a verbal sentence could perform. In addition, predicates were sometimes structured as semi-sentences consisting either of an adverb or a prepositional phrase. The poet’s employments of predicates varied according to the possibilities provided by the language. Predicates were sometimes obligatorily topicalized, and permissibly in other positions. Predicates were also omitted in places where omission was more significant as is known from the eloquence of omission in the Arabic language when the meaning is drawn into the mind of the listener.
Analysis of Factors that affected the Migrant Farm Laborers Welfare Level to Easy of Education Access for Children
Authors: Ginting Bengkel
Published: March 2022

Migrating as farm laborers is a livelihood strategy for people living in localities with limited available employment, particularly those with poor education, low skills, and without economic capital or land. Poverty is common among such households, raising the important question as to the most critical factors affecting family welfare. This study conducts such an analysis in a region hosting a large number of migrant farm laborers: Kacinambun Village, Tigapanah Subdistrict, Karo District, Indonesia. Based on analysis of secondary sources, interviews and observations with members of migrant households (resident at least ten years), village head, land owners and other employers of migrant labor, the study finds that the levels of family welfare generally improved significant after migrating. Quantitative improvement was found in eight indicators: income, consumption or household expenses, home condition, home facility, family health, access to health services, access to education for children, and transportation facilities. The data identifies internal and external factors that were most influential in determining family welfare. Internal factors included the physical, mental emotional, spiritual, good psychological state of family members, and whether or not all family members worked to contribute to family income. External factors included the good geographical conditions in the destination village, which has fertile land and many job opportunities. This study is significant in underlining the importance of supporting migrant rural laborers not only through material and income support, but also through psychological and spiritual support: factors generally overlooked in the literature on rural migration.
Perceptions of Thai Parents Regarding Child Language Development and Parent-Implemented Intervention
Authors: Wanicharoen Natwipa , Cheausuwantavee Tavee , Sirirungruang Issavara , Noipayak Pongsak
Published: March 2022

This phenomenology study was conducted to explore the parents’ perceptions of the language development of children with language impairment (LI) before and after participation in parent-implemented enhanced milieu teaching (EMT) using the teach-model-coach-review (TMCR) model and the parents’ suggestions for improvement in language development of children with LI. Thirteen parents of children with LI participated in semi-structured interview. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the content. The findings of the study show that before participation in the intervention, parents perceived that requesting and asking someone to do something was important for their children, and they expected that their children would reach language development milestones. Parents also expected that speech therapy was clinician-directed therapy. After an eight-week parent training program, parents felt empowered and learned the EMT language strategies and implemented these strategies in the clinical and home settings. They were satisfied with the language outcomes of their children. In addition, the findings of the study show that parents suggest that parent-child interaction and the home language environment play an important role in their child’s language development.
Efeitos de um protocolo de exercícios preventivos sobre fatores de risco para lesões em militares
Authors: Pivoto Eliandra Buzata , Fonseca Ingrid Rodrigues , Lara Simone , Teixeira Lilian Pinto , Freitas Ana Cláudia Schenkel de
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: analisar os efeitos de um programa de prevenção de lesão sobre a função muscular do quadril, a amplitude de movimento (ADM) de dorsiflexão do tornozelo e o controle postural em militares. Metodologia: foram incluídos no estudo nove militares (30,56±8,33 anos), que foram avaliados pré e pós intervenção por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: a) Avaliação funcional do quadril através dos testes funcionais para o músculo glúteo máximo e glúteo médio; b) Avaliação da ADM de dorsiflexão do tornozelo, por meio do teste de Lunge realizado com uma fita métrica; c) Avaliação do equilíbrio, por meio da Posturografia Dinâmica Computadorizada (sistema EquiTest® NeuroCom), incluindo os testes de organização sensorial (TOS), que é dividido em seis condições e o índice geral do equilíbrio (composite). Os militares foram submetidos a um programa de prevenção de lesão durante 10 semanas, aplicado 2 vezes semanais com duração de aproximadamente 50 minutos. O programa foi constituído de exercícios em 4 categorias, incluindo aquecimento / corrida, fortalecimento muscular, equilíbrio e alongamento. Resultados: houve melhorias significativas sobre a funçãomuscular de glúteo médio não-dominante (p=0,01), a ADM de dorsiflexão do tornozelo dominante (p=0,02) e sobre o controle postural, através do aumento da condição V dos TOS (p=0,04), valor de composite (p=0,02) e do sistema vestibular (p=0,03). Conclusão: O programa de exercícios proposto melhorou os parâmetros de função muscular glútea, mobilidade de tornozelo e controle postural em militares.
Distribuição espacial de dengue, chikungunya e Zika e os determinantes socioeconômicos em um município da Bahia
Authors: Lima Maria Aparecida Oliveira , Cerqueira Hélvia Maia de Lima , Almeida Igor Ferreira Borba de , De Lima Maricelia Maia , De Cerqueira Erenilde Marques , Alcantara Luiz Carlos Júnior
Published: March 2022

Introdução: desde 1996, o município de Feira de Santana, na Bahia, apresenta sucessivas epidemias de dengue, sendo as mais importantes, do ponto de vista de incidência da doença, as relatadas em 2002 e 2009, com elevados números de casos registrados, hospitalizações e óbitos. Em 2015, houve destaque no registro de casos das três arboviroses, sendo que além da dengue, observa-se a introdução da chikungunya em 2014 e da Zika em 2015. O índice alto de infestação do Aedes aegypti nas áreas urbana e rural do município pode ter contribuído para a dispersão do vírus.  Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial da incidência das três arboviroses nas áreas urbana (bairros) e rural (distritos) do município do estudo e avaliar a relação entre os casos das arboviroses e os determinantes socioeconômicos. Metodologia: estudo descritivo realizado em Feira de Santana, no período de 2009 a 2017. Os dados foram distribuídos com auxílio do QGIS por bairros e distritos, apresentados em mapas temáticos. Utilizou-se o programa estatístico Stata versão 14 para análise de dados. Resultados: o estudo mostrou que os bairros localizados na periferia do município e os distritos apresentaram as maiores incidências e as piores condições socioeconômicas, além da co-circulação das três arboviroses na mesma área geográfica e no mesmo período. Conclusão: faz-se necessário ter uma rede de diagnóstico e de vigilância epidemiológica e entomológica consolidada a fim de melhorar o controle destas arboviroses e aprimorar a assistência à saúde.
Nonsurgical management of an extensive periapical lesion combined with photodynamic therapy
Authors: Figueirêdo Júnior Ernani Canuto , Ataíde Thays Chalegre , Missias Eucaé Miranda , De Albuquerque Mônica Soares , Torres Renata Correia Sotero Dália
Published: March 2022

Introduction: the major goal of endodontic treatment (ET) is the complete elimination and/or maximum possible reduction of bacteria and irritants in the root canal system (RCS). However, persistence of bacterial debris refractory to therapy may leading to ET failure, being necessary to realize conventional or surgical retreatment. Objective: this is a case report on the nonsurgical management of an extensive chronic periapical lesion in teeth 12 and 11 in an adult female patient with history of endodontic treatment failure. She presented with painless swelling and a fistula adjacent to tooth 11. Methodology: conventional ET combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) was recommended, in addition to calcium hydroxide applications. Regular clinical and radiographic follow-up made over a 2-year period revealed progression of bone regeneration, without sign and symptoms, with a satisfactory outcome. Conclusion: this case report shows that the combination of conservative ET with PDT provided satisfactory results with the resolution of the chronicendodontic infection and bone repair of the extensive periapical lesion.
Tracking cortical excitability dynamics with transcranial magnetic stimulation in focal epilepsy
Authors: Helling Robert M. , Shmuely Sharon , Bauer Prisca R. , Tolner Else A. , Visser Gerhard H. , Thijs Roland D.
Published: March 2022

Introduction

The lack of reliable biomarkers constrain epilepsy management. We assessed the potential of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation with electromyography (TMS‐EMG) to track dynamical changes in cortical excitability on a within‐subject basis.

Methods

We recruited people with refractory focal epilepsy who underwent video‐EEG monitoring and drug tapering as part of the presurgical evaluation. We performed daily TMS‐EMG measurements with additional postictal assessments 1–6 h following seizures to assess resting motor threshold (rMT), and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) with single‐ and paired‐pulse protocols. Anti‐seizure medication (ASM) regimens were recorded for the day before each measurement and expressed in proportion to the dosage before tapering. Additional measurements were performed in healthy controls to evaluate day‐to‐day rMT variability.

Results

We performed 77 (58 baseline, 19 postictal) measurements in 16 people with focal epilepsy and 35 in seven healthy controls. Controls showed minimal day‐to‐day rMT variation. Withdrawal of ASMs was associated with a lower rMT without affecting MEPs of single‐ and paired‐pulse TMS‐EMG paradigms. Postictal measurements following focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures demonstrated unaltered rMT and increased short interval intracortical inhibition, while measurements following focal seizures with impaired awareness showed decreased rMT's and reduced short and long interval intracortical inhibition.

Conclusion

Serial within‐subject rMT measurements yielded reproducible, stable results in healthy controls. ASM tapering and seizures had distinct effects on TMS‐EMG excitability indices in people with epilepsy. Drug tapering decreased rMT, indicating increased overall corticospinal excitability, whereas seizures affected intracortical inhibition with contrasting effects between seizure types.
Optimally‐Tailored Spinodal Architected Materials for Multiscale Design and Manufacturing
Authors: Senhora Fernando V. , Sanders Emily D. , Paulino Glaucio H.
Published: March 2022

Spinodal architected materials with tunable anisotropy unify optimal design and manufacturing of multiscale structures. By locally varying the spinodal class, orientation, and porosity during topology optimization, a large portion of the anisotropic material space is exploited such that material is efficiently placed along principal stress trajectories at the microscale. Additionally, the bicontinuous, nonperiodic, unstructured, and stochastic nature of spinodal architected materials promotes mechanical and biological functions not explicitly considered during optimization (e.g., insensitivity to imperfections, fluid transport conduits). Furthermore, in contrast to laminated composites or periodic, structured architected materials (e.g., lattices), the functional representation of spinodal architected materials leads to multiscale, optimized designs with clear physical interpretation that can be manufactured directly, without special treatment at spinodal transitions. Physical models of the optimized, spinodal‐embedded parts are manufactured using a scalable, voxel‐based strategy to communicate with a masked stereolithography (m‐SLA) 3D printer.
Sharp Tuning of Head Direction and Angular Head Velocity Cells in the Somatosensory Cortex
Authors: Long Xiaoyang , Deng Bin , Young Calvin K. , Liu Guo‐Long , Zhong Zeqi , Chen Qian , Yang Hui , Lv Sheng‐Qing , Chen Zhe Sage , Zhang Sheng‐Jia
Published: March 2022

Head direction (HD) cells form a fundamental component in the brain's spatial navigation system and are intricately linked to spatial memory and cognition. Although HD cells have been shown to act as an internal neuronal compass in various cortical and subcortical regions, the neural substrate of HD cells is incompletely understood. It is reported that HD cells in the somatosensory cortex comprise regular‐spiking (RS, putative excitatory) and fast‐spiking (FS, putative inhibitory) neurons. Surprisingly, somatosensory FS HD cells fire in bursts and display much sharper head‐directionality than RS HD cells. These FS HD cells are nonconjunctive, rarely theta rhythmic, sparsely connected and enriched in layer 5. Moreover, sharply tuned FS HD cells, in contrast with RS HD cells, maintain stable tuning in darkness; FS HD cells’ coexistence with RS HD cells and angular head velocity (AHV) cells in a layer‐specific fashion through the somatosensory cortex presents a previously unreported configuration of spatial representation in the neocortex. Together, these findings challenge the notion that FS interneurons are weakly tuned to sensory stimuli, and offer a local circuit organization relevant to the generation and transmission of HD signaling in the brain.