bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rare top-quark decays $$t \rightarrow cg(g)$$ in the aligned two-Higgs-doublet model
Authors: Cai Fang-Min , Funatsu Shuichiro , Li Xin-Qiang , Yang Ya-Dong
Published: October 2022

We update the Standard Model (SM) predictions for the branching ratios of the rare top-quark decays $$t \rightarrow cg(g)$$

t
→
c
g
(
g
)

, and evaluate the maximum rates that can be reached in the aligned as well as in the four conventional two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs) with $$\mathcal {Z}_2$$

Z
2

symmetries. Taking into account the relevant constraints on the model parameters resulting from a global fit obtained at the $$95.5\%$$

95.5
%

confidence level, we find that the branching ratios of $$t \rightarrow cg$$

t
→
c
g

and $$t \rightarrow cgg$$

t
→
c
g
g

decays can reach up to $$3.36\times 10^{-9}$$

3.36
×

10

-
9

and $$2.95\times 10^{-9}$$

2.95
×

10

-
9

respectively, being therefore of the same order, in the aligned 2HDM (A2HDM). This is obviously different from the SM case, where the predicted branching ratio of the three-body decay $$t \rightarrow cgg$$

t
→
c
g
g

is about two orders of magnitude larger than that of the two-body decay $$t \rightarrow cg$$

t
→
c
g

. On the other hand, compared with the SM predictions, no significant enhancements are observed in the four conventional 2HDMs with $$\mathcal {Z}_2$$

Z
2

symmetries for the branching ratios of these two decays. Nevertheless, the predicted branching ratios of $$t \rightarrow cg$$

t
→
c
g

and $$t \rightarrow cgg$$

t
→
c
g
g

decays in the A2HDM are still out of the expected sensitivities of the future high-luminosity Large Hadron Collider and the Future Circular Collider in hadron-hadron mode.
Master equations governing the coupling between spin-currents and gravity
Authors: de Camargo A. , Sobreiro R. F. , Vasquez Otoya V. J.
Published: October 2022

In this work we consider the Einstein–Hilbert action in the first order order formalism coupled to Dirac spinors. From the little group symmetry, we derive the corresponding Bargmann–Wigner current which is conserved but not gauge invariant. Therefore, we construct a gauge invariant version of the Bargmann–Wigner current which is not conserved but potentially observable. Because it is not conserved we split this current into fermionic and gravitational sectors and derive their broken continuity equations for each sector. These equations compose the master equations governing the interaction of spin-currents with gravity. Furthermore, we derive the corresponding master equations in the weak field approximation.
A Review of Machine Learning-Based Recognition of Sign Language
Authors: Singh Shaminder , Gupta Anuj Kumar , Arora Tanvi
Published: October 2022

Some people in society have impaired cognitive senses like speech and hearing where they cannot behave like normal people. It is quite a complex task for abnormal people to understand as well as recognize the gestures of normal people. This initiates to delve into the study of review of Sign Language Recognition (SLR), in specific to, machine learning techniques. In this work, a review of machine learning techniques based on SLR were portrayed. Several studies related to ML papers have been collected and discussed with their merits and demerits. Thus, the observation dictates that recognition of hand gesture is still a challenging task. There are two sorts of gesture recognition, namely, static and dynamic gesture recognition. Static gesture recognition is developed from the dynamic gesture recognition. Almost, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Hidden Markov Models (HMM) and Histogram analysis were used as recognition classifiers for sign language. Dynamic gesture recognition process operates on tracking the centroid of hand gesture. It changes the visual information in time basis. Henceforth, study on dynamic gesture recognition needs to be more focused using Machine learning techniques. Comparative analysis is done in perspectives of significance of segmentation models, feature extraction and vision-based approaches.
On a consistent state-space bond markets model for pricing long-maturity bonds
Authors: Ikpe Dennis , Sithole Yethu , Gyamerah Samuel Asante
Published: October 2022

In most financial markets, prices for long-maturity derivatives are not readily available due to illiquidity. This reality is particularly common in bond markets, as it is very challenging to model prices consistently—for medium-to-long-term bonds under a single specification of the underlying interest rate process. We develop a bond market state-space model that incorporates uncertainty in the underlying interest rate process parameters. Our state-space representation, coupled with the complementary Kalman filtering, provides a modeling configuration that permits for liquidity risk management and pricing that is designed in a consistent fashion for both medium- and long-term bonds. As an example, we constructed a state-space bond market modeling system formulated on the two-factor Vasicek interest rate model. Wherein, the interest rate model is subject to noise for medium-to-long-term bond maturities and follows an unobservable process. We demonstrate our Kalman filter algorithm using the observed United States (US) 10 year bond yield data.
XR tools and where they are taking us
Authors: Nebeling Michael
Published: October 2022

This article reviews the significant growth in XR tools research over the past few years. It first identifies key dimensions to consider when assessing XR tools, then presents trends in XR research along these dimensions. The author concludes with three wishes for future research to foster the design of new XR authoring tools.
Designing for haptics
Authors: Shultz Craig , Shen Vivian
Published: October 2022

The emergence of extended reality has brought an influx of interest in designing good haptic experiences that enhance immersion and realism, but the question is how?
Augmented human, extended machine
Authors: Mitterberger Daniela
Published: October 2022

How can we trigger the process of digital embodiment and corporeality in human-robot collaboration through extended reality and digitally enhanced environments?
Deterministic Document Exchange Protocols and Almost Optimal Binary Codes for Edit Errors
Authors: Cheng Kuan , Jin Zhengzhong , Li Xin , Wu Ke
Published: October 2022

We study two basic problems regarding edit errors, document exchange and error correcting codes. Here, two parties try to exchange two strings with length roughly
n
and edit distance at most
k
, or one party tries to send a string of length
n
to another party through a channel that can introduce at most
k
edit errors. The goal is to use the least amount of communication or redundancy possible. Both problems have been extensively studied for decades, and in this article, we focus on deterministic document exchange protocols and binary codes for insertions and deletions (insdel codes). It is known that for small
k
(e.g.,
k
≤ n/4 ), in both problems the optimal communication or redundancy size is Θ (
k
log n/k). In particular, this implies the existence of binary codes that can correct ε fraction of edit errors with rate 1-Θ (ε log 1/ε )). However, known constructions are far from achieving these bounds.

In this article, we significantly improve previous results on both problems. For document exchange, we give an efficient deterministic protocol with communication complexity
O
(
k
log
2
n/k
. This significantly improves the previous best-known deterministic protocol, which has communication complexity
O
(
k
2
+
k
log
2
n
) [
4
]. For binary insdel codes, we obtain the following results:

(1)

An explicit binary insdel code with redundancy
O
(
k
log
2
n/k). In particular this implies an explicit family of binary insdel codes that can correct ε fraction of insertions and deletions with rate 1-O(ε log
2
(1/ε))=1-Õ(ε). This significantly improves the previous best-known result, which only achieves rate 1-Õ(√ ε) [
14
], [
15
], and is optimal up to a log (1/ε factor.

(2)

An explicit binary insdel code with redundancy
O
(
k
log
n
). This significantly improves the previous best-known result of Reference [
6
], which only works for constant
k
and has redundancy
O
(
k
2
log
k
log
n
); and that of Reference [
4
], which has redundancy
O
(
k
2
+
k
log
2
n
). Our code has optimal redundancy for
k
≤ n
1-α
, any constant 0< α < 1. This is the first explicit construction of binary insdel codes that has optimal redundancy for a wide range of error parameters
k
.

In obtaining our results, we introduce several new techniques. Most notably, we introduce the notion of
ε-self-matching hash functions
and
ε-synchronization hash functions
. We believe our techniques can have further applications in the literature.
Towards Differentiable Agent-Based Simulation
Authors: Andelfinger Philipp
Published: October 2022

Simulation-based optimization using agent-based models is typically carried out under the assumption that the gradient describing the sensitivity of the simulation output to the input cannot be evaluated directly. To still apply gradient-based optimization methods, which efficiently steer the optimization towards a local optimum, gradient estimation methods can be employed. However, many simulation runs are needed to obtain accurate estimates if the input dimension is large. Automatic differentiation (AD) is a family of techniques to compute gradients of general programs directly. Here, we explore the use of AD in the context of time-driven agent-based simulations. By substituting common discrete model elements such as conditional branching with smooth approximations, we obtain gradient information across discontinuities in the model logic. On the examples of a synthetic grid-based model, an epidemics model, and a microscopic traffic model, we study the fidelity and overhead of the differentiable simulations as well as the convergence speed and solution quality achieved by gradient-based optimization compared with gradient-free methods. In traffic signal timing optimization problems with high input dimension, the gradient-based methods exhibit substantially superior performance. A further increase in optimization progress is achieved by combining gradient-free and gradient-based methods. We demonstrate that the approach enables gradient-based training of neural network-controlled simulation entities embedded in the model logic. Finally, we show that the performance overhead of differentiable agent-based simulations can be reduced substantially by exploiting sparsity in the model logic.
OptORAMa: Optimal Oblivious RAM
Authors: Asharov Gilad , Komargodski Ilan , Lin Wei-Kai , Nayak Kartik , Peserico Enoch , Shi Elaine
Published: October 2022

Oblivious RAM (ORAM), first introduced in the ground-breaking work of Goldreich and Ostrovsky (STOC ’87 and J. ACM ’96) is a technique for provably obfuscating programs’ access patterns, such that the access patterns leak no information about the programs’ secret inputs. To compile a general program to an oblivious counterpart, it is well-known that Ω (log
N
) amortized blowup in memory accesses is necessary, where
N
is the size of the logical memory. This was shown in Goldreich and Ostrovksy’s original ORAM work for statistical security and in a somewhat restricted model (the so-called
balls-and-bins
model), and recently by Larsen and Nielsen (CRYPTO ’18) for computational security.

A long-standing open question is whether there exists an
optimal
ORAM construction that matches the aforementioned logarithmic lower bounds (without making large memory word assumptions, and assuming a constant number of CPU registers). In this article, we resolve this problem and present the first secure ORAM with
O
(log
N
) amortized blowup, assuming one-way functions. Our result is inspired by and non-trivially improves on the recent beautiful work of Patel et al. (FOCS ’18) who gave a construction with
O
(log
N
⋅ log log
N
) amortized blowup, assuming one-way functions.

One of our building blocks of independent interest is a linear-time deterministic oblivious algorithm for tight compaction: Given an array of
n
elements where some elements are marked, we permute the elements in the array so that all marked elements end up in the front of the array. Our
O
(
n
) algorithm improves the previously best-known deterministic or randomized algorithms whose running time is
O
(
n
⋅ log
n
) or
O
(
n
⋅ log log
n
), respectively.
Control of Low-Inertia Power Systems
Authors: Dörfler Florian , Groß Dominic
Published: October 2022

Electric power systems are undergoing an unprecedented transition from fossil fuel–based power plants to low-inertia systems that rely predominantly on power electronics and renewable energy resources. This article reviews the resulting control challenges and modeling fallacies, at both the device and system level, and focuses on novel aspects or classical concepts that need to be revised in light of the transition to low-inertia systems. To this end, we survey the literature on modeling of low-inertia systems, review research on the control of grid-connected power converters, and discuss the frequency dynamics of low-inertia systems. Moreover, we discuss system-level services from a control perspective. Overall, we conclude that the system-theoretic mindset is essential to bridge different research communities and understand the complex interactions of power electronics, electric machines, and their controls in large-scale low-inertia power systems.
Functional Diversity of Vibrational Signaling Systems in Insects
Authors: Virant-Doberlet Meta , Stritih-Peljhan Nataša , Žunič-Kosi Alenka , Polajnar Jernej
Published: October 2022

Communication by substrate-borne mechanical waves is widespread in insects. The specifics of vibrational communication are related to heterogeneous natural substrates that strongly influence signal transmission. Insects generate vibrational signals primarily by tremulation, drumming, stridulation, and tymbalation, most commonly during sexual behavior but also in agonistic, social, and mutualistic as well as defense interactions and as part of foraging strategies. Vibrational signals are often part of multimodal communication. Sensilla and organs detecting substrate vibration show great diversity and primarily occur in insect legs to optimize sensitivity and directionality. In the natural environment, signals from heterospecifics, as well as social and enemy interactions within vibrational communication networks, influence signaling and behavioral strategies. The exploitation of substrate-borne vibrational signaling offers a promising application for behavioral manipulation in pest control.
Employee Voice and Silence: Taking Stock a Decade Later
Authors: Morrison Elizabeth Wolfe
Published: October 2022

Over the past decade, hundreds of studies have been published on employee voice and silence. In this review, I summarize that body of work, with an emphasis on the progress that has been made in our understanding of when and why employees choose to speak up or remain silent, as well as the individual and organizational implications of these choices. I identify underexplored issues, limitations in how voice has been conceptualized and studied, and promising avenues for future research. Although there has been notable progress in our knowledge of voice and silence, numerous key questions remain, and there are opportunities for the literature on voice to adopt a broader view of that construct. One of the objectives of this review is to motivate and guide research that will address those questions and explore that broader view.
Endoplasmic Reticulum–Plasma Membrane Junctions as Sites of Depolarization-Induced Ca2+Signaling in Excitable Cells
Authors: Dixon Rose E. , Trimmer James S.
Published: October 2022

Membrane contact sites between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM), or ER-PM junctions, are found in all eukaryotic cells. In excitable cells they play unique roles in organizing diverse forms of Ca2+signaling as triggered by membrane depolarization. ER-PM junctions underlie crucial physiological processes such as excitation-contraction coupling, smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, and various forms of activity-dependent signaling and plasticity in neurons. In many cases the structure and molecular composition of ER-PM junctions in excitable cells comprise important regulatory feedback loops linking depolarization-induced Ca2+signaling at these sites to the regulation of membrane potential. Here, we describe recent findings on physiological roles and molecular composition of native ER-PM junctions in excitable cells. We focus on recent studies that provide new insights into canonical forms of depolarization-induced Ca2+signaling occurring at junctional triads and dyads of striated muscle, as well as the diversity of ER-PM junctions in these cells and in smooth muscle and neurons.
Hole-Transport Layer-Free Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Improving Their Performance from a Simulation Perspective
Authors: Liu Yihao , Li Tong , Shi Min , Zhu Jun , Ma Xinxia , Wu Maoliang , Wu Jiang , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Tao , Qi Yongfeng
Published: October 2022

Perovskite solar cells are in rapid development, however, PCE (photovoltaic conversion efficiency) of HTL-free (Hole Transport Layer free) perovskite solar cells is reported to be low. In this work, we propose a tin-based perovskite solar cell with an ETL (Electron Transport Layer) structure of

Z
n

(

O

0.3

,

S

0.7

)

,

a novel electron transport layer material. We simulated the device with SCAPS-1D (Solar Cells Capacitance Simulator) and found that all of the absorber layer thickness, band gap, doping concentration, defect density, device working temperature, ETL layer thickness, and doping concentration have different degrees of influence on the device performance. After optimization,

V

O
C

(Open Circuit Voltage) is 1.07 V,

J

S
C

(Short-circuit Current Density) is 24.25

mA

cm

−
2

,

FF (Filling Factor) is 87.87%, and PCE arrives up to 22.72%. There is a significant performance improvement compared to pre-simulation (initially,

V

O
C

is 0.97 V,

J

S
C

is 24.21

mA

cm

−
2

,

FF is 69.12%, and PCE is 16.22%). It is shown that when the thickness of the absorber layer is larger than the diffusion length, it leads to harmful photogenerated carrier complexes and increases the diffusion length before reaching the electrode, which affects the carrier transport migration. Defect density bears the brunt of the performance impact, the greater it is the worse the performance, so it should be controlled to a small range. When the operating temperature higher than 300 K, the device performance tends to deteriorate and it is recommended to keep the operating temperature around 300 K. The ETL layer doping concentration and thickness have little influence on performance. Finally, we also analytically simulate and compare several traditional ETL PSCs, and the matching of LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) and absorber energy levels of different ETL materials was found to be different, and the higher the matching is, the more favorable the electron transport and the higher the PCE. This work provides new strategy to design PSCs.
Impact of Current Collector Design and Cooling Topology on Fast Charging of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Frank Alexander , Sturm Johannes , Steinhardt Marco , Rheinfeld Alexander , Jossen Andreas
Published: October 2022

The 18 650 and 21 700 cell format are state of the art for high-energy cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, while Tesla proposed the new 4680 format with a continuous ”tabless” design as the choice for electric vehicle applications. Using an experimentally validated multidimensional multiphysics model describing a high energy NMC811/Si-C cylindrical lithium-ion battery, the effects of tabless design and cooling topologies are evaluated for 18 650, 21 700, and 4680 cell formats under varying charging protocols. Mantle cooling is found to be the most efficient cooling topology for a segmented tab design, whereas tab cooling performs equally well for tabless cells and achieves better performance for the 4680 format. By massively reducing polarization drops (approx. 250 mV at 3C) and heat generation inside the current collectors (up to 99%), the tabless design increases cell homogeneity and enables format-independent scalability of fast-charging performance with a tab-cooling topology. In addition, the 0 to 0.8 SoC charge time can be reduced by 4 to 10 min compared to cells with a segmented tab design, resulting in 16.2 min for the 18 650 and 21 700, and 16.5 min for the larger 4680 cell format.
All about oxygen: using near-infrared spectroscopy to understand bioenergetics
Authors: Ellis Carrie , Burns Douglas
Published: October 2022

Traditional methods of teaching bioenergetics using indirect calorimetry and a metabolic cart may be misleading. Recent advances in technology have made near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) a relatively inexpensive, noninvasive means of monitoring muscle oxygen levels during exercise. In this laboratory activity, NIRS devices are used for hands-on exploration of the synergistic nature of the energy systems, allowing students to appreciate the synergistic nature of the energy systems and how all exercise is really all about oxygen.
[Retracted] Monitoring and Path Selection of Rural Public Service Environment Based on Data Mining Technology in the New Era
Authors: Meng Shumin
Published: October 2022

The basic public service infrastructure in rural regions now has a lot of issues and flaws, which results in a low efficiency of basic public service delivery and substantially impedes the growth of the rural social economy and the enhancement of farmers’ quality of life. Building a smart platform for monitoring the rural public service environment, realising the growth of rural areas, creating a new socialist countryside holistically, and ensuring the sustainable, stable, and healthy development of rural society are all of great strategic importance under the new circumstances. This essay explores ways to further encourage the development of rural public service platforms. In order to choose the best course of action for rural public services in the new era, this study studies the practical problem of rural public services and, using DM (Data Mining) technology, mines the user characteristics of public service platforms. The experimental findings demonstrate that the algorithm’s accuracy is 94.38%. With the use of this technique, rural public services may efficiently mine user characteristics and offer specific technical support in the modern day. Decision‐makers from all walks of life have an extraordinary desire for information concealed in huge amounts of data in the information age. The advantages of combining the two are becoming more widely recognised.
A Study of a Flow Model in Dual Permeability Reservoir Based on Similar Structure Theory
Authors: Zhou Tianhong , Shen Jie , Wang Man , Wu Yun
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study is to further understand the rule of conversion of bottom hole pressure of a vertical well in a dual‐permeability reservoir, which is about the dual permeability under different outer boundary (infinite, close, and constant value) conditions. However, there are few articles dealing with the model of a vertical well in a dual permeability reservoir under these three different outer boundary conditions. Hence, the paper proposes a model of a vertical well in a dual permeability reservoir under three outer boundary conditions. The model is solved with a Laplace space equation. We find the solution to the model that has a similar structure under three different outer boundary conditions by combining it with the similar structure theory. Therefore, we put forward a similar constructing method (SCM) that solves our model. The concrete steps of the SCM are given in this paper. At the same time, we draw the curves of the bottom hole pressure and pressure derivative using the modified Stehfest inversion formula and MATLAB software. In addition, we investigate the evolution of the pressure by changing the parameters (mobility ratio K, storability ratioω, and crossflow coefficientλ). The solution to such a reservoir model obtained in this paper could be used as a basis for analyzing other typical reservoirs with vertical wells.
Prioritize Strategies to Address the Sustainable Supply Chain Innovation Using Multicriteria Decision‐Making Methods
Authors: Bayanati Mahmonir , Peivandizadeh Ali , Heidari Mohamad Reza , Foroutan Mofrad Sadegh , Sasouli Mohammad Reza , Pourghader Chobar Adel
Published: October 2022

Today, due to the increase in people’s awareness of environmental issues and the strict policies of governments, the competitiveness of companies depends on considering environmental issues at all levels of the supply chain. However, the implementation of green supply chain management strategies has lots of different risks. The main contribution of this research is to evaluate and rank the companies in the tire industry with an emphasis on the environmental risks of the sustainable supply chain using the hybrid best‐worst method (BWM) and fuzzy VIKOR (FVIKOR). First, data analysis was implemented by applying the BWM technique, which has higher reliability than other similar techniques. Next, the importance of the indicators involved in the risk of the green supply chain, including operational, supply, product return, financial, demand, organizational, and government, was calculated. Finally, according to the calculated weights for each criterion, five active companies in the tire industry were ranked using the FVIKOR technique. The results of prioritizing criteria and subcriteria showed that “financial risks” are the most important indicator among the indicators involved in green supply chain risk. Among the subcriteria, “rates related to inflation and currency” from the cluster of financial risks were recognized as the most important subcriteria. Moreover, the results of the ranking of five companies in the tire industry indicated that Dana Company is in the best situation in terms of green supply chain risks. Finally, a series of practical suggestions for managers and a series of scientific suggestions for future research have been presented.
Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis on the Potential Biological Mechanisms of Yinzhihuang Oral Liquid in Treating Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Liang Tianqi , Kong Yanxiang , Tang Lijun , Huang Junbin , Wang Huabin , Fang Xiaoyi , Zhang Airun , Chen Chun
Published: October 2022

Objective. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is caused by the excessive production of bilirubin and decreased excretion ability in the neonatal period. It leads to a concentration of blood bilirubin that exceeds a certain threshold. Yinzhihuang oral liquid (YZH) is a traditional Chinese medicine mixture used in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in China. This article systematically explores the pharmacological mechanisms by which YZH acts in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia through network pharmacology at the molecular level. Methods. We adopted the method of network pharmacology, which includes active component prescreening, target gene prediction, gene enrichment analysis, and network analysis. Results. According to the network pharmacological analysis, 8 genes (STAT3, AKT1, MAPK14, JUN, TP53, MAPK3, ESR1, and RELA) may be targets of YZH in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that YZH may regulate antioxidation, modulate lipid metabolism, and have anti-infective properties. Conclusion. In this study, the pharmacological action and molecular mechanisms of YZH were predicted as a whole. It was found that YZH is a promising drug for treating oxidative stress due to bilirubin, as it reduces immunosuppression and helps to eliminate virus infection.
A Case Series of Psychological Stress Evaluation as a Risk Factor for Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Sufiawati Irna , Megawati Ani , Al Farisyi Muhammad , Putra I. Nyoman Gede Juwita
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with unknown etiology. Suggested predisposing factors for the development of OLP include genetic factors, viral infections, psychological stress, trauma, drug intake, and some systemic diseases. This serial case aimed to evaluate the psychological stress in triggering various types of OLP and its management. Case Report. Six patients, four females and two males with an age range from 23 to 57 years, came to an oral medicine clinic with chief complaints of chronic pain and burning sensations in the oral cavity. All cases showed typical clinical features of OLP on the oral mucosa, including reticular, plaque-like, erosive, and ulcerative lesions. An incisional biopsy was performed in some cases and the histopathology features confirmed the diagnosis of OLP with no signs of dysplasia/malignancy. According to the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS)-21, the patients had different levels of depression ranging from mild to severe; 3 patients were considered to have moderate anxiety and others had severe anxiety; and 5 patients experienced mild stress and 1 patient had moderate stress. The patients were given corticosteroids, supportive therapy, and psychological counseling. All patients experienced significant improvement of the lesions after treatment. Conclusion. Psychological stressors play an essential role as a risk factor in the development of OLP. Therefore, management of OLP encompasses not only an appropriate treatment of the lesions but also psychological intervention.
Providing an Expert System to Manage Energy Consumption in Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Industries Using Soft Computing
Authors: Koravand Iman , Lotfi Mohammad Reza , Shayannia Seyed Ahmad
Published: October 2022

The increasing growth of electricity consumption, the need for its continuous supply, and the impossibility of storing this vital energy are among the primary and essential reasons for preventing any interruption in supply and proper planning regarding energy consumption management, especially in industry. The innovation of this research is the design of a decision‐making system to help decision‐making in energy management in small‐ and medium‐sized industries using the knowledge of experts in small‐ and medium‐sized industries and the electricity industry in the field of energy consumption management and extracting relevant expertise rules to create a knowledge base. Therefore, the main advantage of the research is to provide an expert system for the correct management of energy consumption in small and medium industries using soft computing. Another advantage of the research is the use of uncertain decision‐making variables in this field; instead of using words and linguistic restrictions in this research, modeling them in the system using the principles of fuzzy logic is used. The main objectives of this research include determining the effective variables in determining the amount of energy production for small and medium industries, explaining the existing tacit knowledge and turning it into explicit knowledge, and providing an expert system for managing energy consumption in this field. Based on the results of field studies and the research literature, effective variables in determining the amount of electricity generation were identified. By extracting the knowledge of industry experts, the tacit knowledge available as explicit knowledge in the storage knowledge base and the system was designed to manage electrical charge consumption. One of the achievements of this system is its creation and measurement using various data and results obtained from small and medium industries. Finally, the results obtained from the expert system in comparing the output of expert opinions and the system’s performance in managing the amount of energy production showed that the usefulness of the expert system was designed. The system uses the knowledge base to make decisions such as an expert human. According to the main results of the research based on comparing the performance of the system with the Bayesian inference networks, it showed that there is an acceptable correlation between the data and the prediction system. Also, to evaluate the acquisition of data using a statistical test, it has been determined that the total number of blackout hours in different areas of Tehran in the base year was more than the current year.
Dusting Hole Film Cooling Heat Transfer on a Transonic Turbine Blade Tip
Authors: Manneschmidt Ward , Collopy Hallie , Ligrani Phillip , Goethals Kyle , Cox Matthew , Xu Hongzhou , Fox Michael
Published: October 2022

Investigated is a transonic turbine blade tip with a squealer rim and a squealer recess, with a single dusting film cooling hole contained within the leading edge region of the squealer recess. Data are provided for transonic flow conditions for a range of film cooling blowing ratios for two tip gap values, using a linear cascade, with no relative motion between the blade and the casing. Surface heat transfer characteristics are measured using the transient impulse-response measurement approach, employed with infrared thermography. Line-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness values, for the 1.4 mm tip gap, are generally very small along the pressure side rim, with only small, locally increased values along the suction side rim. For the 0.8 mm tip gap, line-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness values are generally somewhat higher along the pressure side rim and along the suction side rim. In general, effectiveness values for both tip gap values, for these locations, and for the recess region, increase as the blowing ratio increases. As the tip gap decreases from 1.4 mm to 0.8 mm, line-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness generally increases on the rims and downstream regions of the recess, with increased magnitudes which are spread over larger spatial surface areas. For tip gaps of 0.8 mm and 1.4 mm, for regions where the line-averaged heat transfer coefficient ratio deviates significantly from 1.00, values generally decrease as the blowing ratio increases. Across every region of the blade, line-averaged heat transfer coefficient ratios either decrease or remain approximately invariant, as the tip gap value decreases from 1.4 mm to 0.8 mm.
Computing the Entropy Measures for the Line Graphs of Some Chemical Networks
Authors: Hanif Muhammad Farhan , Mahmood Hasan , Manzoor Shazia , Petros Fikre Bogale
Published: October 2022

Chemical Graph entropy plays a significant role to measure the complexity of chemical structures. It has explicit chemical uses in chemistry, biology, and information sciences. A molecular structure of a compound consists of many atoms. Especially, the hydrocarbons is a chemical compound that consists of carbon and hydrogen atoms. In this article, we discussed the concept of subdivision of chemical graphs and their corresponding line chemical graphs. More preciously, we discuss the properties of chemical graph entropies and then constructed the chemical structures namely triangular benzenoid, hexagonal parallelogram, and zigzag edge coronoid fused with starphene. Also, we estimated the degree-based entropies with the help of line graphs of the subdivision of above mentioned chemical graphs.
An Antiforgetting Model for Higher Vocational English Learning Using BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Ji , Tang Dong
Published: October 2022

Currently, high-quality vocational education is an important foundation for the aspirations of China to create massive professionals and talented employees. Because of these, the advancement of modern vocational education is becoming increasingly important in the current era. Aside from these benefits, the use of artificial intelligence expertise in higher vocational English learning can effectively solve the unscientific problem of learning plan formulation in higher vocational English learning, increase the level of scientific learning, and strengthen students’ autonomous learning ability. As a result, this research provides a BP neural network technique based on the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve that can effectively complete sample incremental training. It achieves performance comparable to the complete sample batch training approach while using many fewer samples to train. From experimental work, it is clear that the suggested work can effectively improve the training efficiency of the BP neural network to provide learners with a more suitable learning plan.
The Development Dilemma and Path Choice of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Based on Game Theory
Authors: Zhu Huirong , Wang Qin
Published: October 2022

Innovation and entrepreneurship education (IEE) is a powerful driving force to promote the transformation and development of college education and an effective way to broaden the employment channels. However, IEE has been used to train students in classrooms by college managers who do not systematically think of practical training for innovation and entrepreneurship talents. There are still many difficulties in the process of development of IEE that managers cannot ignore. The relevant models that could deeply analyze the connotation of IEE were established through the game theory that explained the game balance among government, universities, and students in the IEE process. A game theory model explained the external game behavior of universities and students and the internal game behavior between students. Another model analyzed the strategies of players pursuing maximum payoffs from the perspective of both sides of the game and the influences of these strategies on the players. The problems in the process of IEE development are concluded including imperfect management system, unscientific curriculum design, nonideal talent training and unprofessional teachers. Based on it, the development path of IEE is explored through the game concept. A scientific and leading system of management and evaluation is needed to put forward by strengthening the top-level design at the national level, and a win-win game situation between colleges and students will be achieved by the optimized education system.
LncRNA-PAX8-AS1 Silencing Decreases Cell Viability, Enhances Apoptosis, and Suppresses Doxorubicin Resistance in Myeloid Leukemia via the miR-378g/ERBB2 Axis
Authors: Song Xiaolu , Chen Yirui , Peng Ye , Wang Xiaogang , Zheng Sujie , Shi Fangfang , Lan Jianping
Published: October 2022

Objective. Considering the role of lncRNAs reported as regulators in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression, the current research aims to investigate the role of PAX8-AS1 in chemo-resistant AML. Methods. Human AML cells HL60 and human doxorubicin (ADM)-resistant AML cells (HL60/ADM cells) were used to establish in vitro models of chemo-sensitive AML and refractory/recurrent AML, respectively. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to determine cell resistance to ADM, viability, and apoptosis. PAX8-AS1, miR-378g, and ERBB2 expressions in the models and/or AML patients were quantified via qRT-PCR or Western blot. The miRNA/mRNA axis targeted by PAX8-AS1 was analyzed using Starbase, TargetScan, or GEO and validated through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and C Caspase-3 in cells were quantitated by Western blot. Results. The highly expressed PAX8-AS1 was observed in AML patients and HL60 cells, which was more evident in refractory/recurrent AML patients and HL60/ADM cells. Compared with that in ADM-treated parental HL60 cells, the viability of ADM-treated HL60/ADM cells remained strong. PAX8-AS1 overexpression increased viability and Bcl-2 expression, while diminishing apoptosis, Bax, and C Caspase-3 expressions in HL60 cells. However, the abovementioned aspects were oppositely impacted by PAX8-AS1 silencing in HL60/ADM cells. PAX8-AS1 directly targeted miR-378g, whose expression pattern is opposite to that of PAX8-AS1 in AML. MiR-378g upregulation abrogated the effects of PAX8-AS1 overexpression on HL60 cells. MiR-378g downregulation offset PAX8-AS1 silencing-induced effects on HL60/ADM cells. Moreover, ERBB2 was recognized as the target of miR-378g, with a higher expression in HL60/ADM cells than in HL60 cells. Conclusion. PAX8-AS1 silencing decreases cell viability, enhances apoptosis, and suppresses ADM resistance in AML via regulating the miR-378g/ERBB2 axis.
Forecasting Directions, Dates, And Causes of Future Technological Revolutions concerning the Growth of Human Capital
Authors: Chen Ning , Vaseei Masoud , Peivandizadeh Ali
Published: October 2022

Technology forecasting is an important and critical issue that determines the starting point of planning and is considered as a management tool directly related to the future. In the previous research items, the development of renewable energy technologies was of concern. Moreover, due to the increasing need of countries to produce electricity and facing the lack of resources, this research focuses on forecasting photovoltaic technology. Accordingly, in this paper, for technological research in the field of solar energy, the patents extracted from one of the most famous renewable energy databases in the United States (US patent database) between 200 and 2020 were examined. Next, research gaps were analyzed by using the artificial neural network clustering method and also by analyzing covered and uncovered compounds. The results show that in the future, photovoltaic technology research will move towards the third generation of technology (organic materials) as well as focus on environmental parameters and their effects on the performance of photovoltaic systems.
Analysis of Cationic Vitamins in Cell Culture Medium Samples by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Authors: van der Burg Debbie , Wätzig Hermann , Sänger–van de Griend Cari E.
Published: October 2022

This paper describes a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of the cationic B-vitamins thiamine, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine in untreated cell culture medium samples. The effects of the buffering capacity, the mobility of the coion, and the preconditioning solution on the robustness of the method were investigated. Using a 100 mM phosphoric acid and 55 mM triethanolamine background electrolyte at pH 2.3 and capillary preconditioning with 1 M NaOH, all five vitamins could be separated with good resolution. Preliminary method validation data over the range 10–110 µM for undiluted samples, with 10 μM being the lower range limit of quantification QL, showed accuracy recoveries of 94–104%, and migration time and peak area repeatabilities within 0.4% RSD and 2.6% RSD, respectively.
The Technique of Phacoemulsification and Intraocular Lens Implantation in Subluxated Cataract Surgery
Authors: Jiang Huaiyan , Fu Wenzhong , Xu Hongxia
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and practicability of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation for subluxated cataracts. A retrospective review of subluxated cataract surgeries of 19 eyes performed in Kunhua Hospital Affiliated with Kunming University of Science and Technology between January 2017 and June 2021 was conducted. We choose to use the rotate-and-chop phacoemulsification techniques described when the crystal nucleus is rotated out of the capsular bag and simultaneously perform horizontal chops over the capsule. The viscoelastic agent was the important material that filled the capsule to support the capsular bag, and capsular hooks were used in 10 eyes necessarily. Anterior vitrectomy was undergone in 15 eyes. Single-piece intraocular lenses (IOL) were implanted in the capsular bag in 12 eyes including 8 capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation. Three-piece IOLs were fixed scleral layer in 7 eyes. Follow-up was 6 months to 2 years, and all eyes were successfully implanted with centered IOL. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased from

0.06
±
0.04

to

0.62
±
0.15

. The cornea of all patients was clear, the intraocular lens was centered, the pupil was round, and the intraocular pressure was normal. Subluxated cataracts are a challenging surgery. The technique of phacoemulsification in subluxated cataract surgery is a key procedure to rotate and remove the lens from the capsule and at the same time horizontal chops and emulsification over the capsular bag to be performed. Viscoelastic agents and capsular hooks were important choices to support the capsule to reduce the incidence of complications related to the vitreous and retina and prevent the range enlarging of the zonular dialysis. A capsular tension ring was also an effective device to maintain capsular stability. Double-needle-guided scleral interlamellar fixation is an effective and practical method for IOL. Overall, the incision technique explored in this study and the surgical technique to support capsular stabilization provide a safe approach and satisfactory results in cataract surgery for subluxation.
Influence of Initial Imperfections on PMMA Spherical Shell
Authors: Zhu Haitao , Liu Di , Bao Han , Ding Zhongjun , Zhang Yi
Published: October 2022

This paper focused on the influence of initial imperfection on the critical load of PMMA pressure spherical shell by introducing buckling modes as the initial defect. Four types of pressure spherical shells including complete spherical shell, spherical shell with single penetration, spherical shell with double penetrations, and hyperspherical shell were studied. The distribution of initial imperfections was given through the modal configuration of linear eigenvalue analysis, and then the buckling critical load of the spherical shell was analyzed by using the consistent modal defect method and N-order modal defect method. Results confirmed that: Initial imperfections have a great different influence on pressure spherical shells with varying penetration. It has the greatest influence on the critical load of a spherical shell with double penetration at a 5 mm defect. With the increase of defect amplitude, the critical load of the spherical shell decreases. The analysis results also show that the first-order mode is usually not the worst geometric defect configuration of PMMA pressure spherical shell. And the worst mode may appear in higher-order mode due to the influence of penetration, initial defect amplitude, and different thickness-diameter ratio.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Evaluation of the Efficacy of Manipulation and Cervical Traction in the Treatment of Radical Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Chen Jianquan , Chen Rongbin , Li Yong , Chen Maoshui , Lv Zhouming , Zeng Haobin , Lian Qiang
Published: October 2022

Background. With the accelerated pace of life in modern society, changes in work style, and the popularity of computers, the prevalence of cervical spondylosis (CSR) is increasing, and the age of onset is advancing. Once suffering from this disease, it is often difficult to cure and recurring, with complex clinical symptoms, causing a serious impact on human health. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of manipulation and cervical traction in the treatment of radical cervical spondylosis. Methods. The PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched for literature. The literature related to this study was included according to selective criteria and inhibitory elimination criteria, and valuable information was selected for statistical analysis, resulting in a total of 11 randomized controlled trials with 994 subjects. Results. The short-term efficacy of manual treatment for CSR was superior to that of cervical traction alone (

P
<
0.05

); subgroup analysis showed that the short-term efficacy of pulling or rotational manipulation was superior to that of cervical traction (

P
<
0.05

). The mean difference between symptoms and manipulation VAS scores was higher before and after treatment when compared with cervical traction for CSR (

P
<
0.05

); the subgroup analysis showed that VAS scores, upper extremity anesthesia scores, and survivorship scores were lower for pulling or rotating manipulation than for cervical traction (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The advantages of manual therapy in terms of short-term efficacy, VAS pain scores, neck pain, upper extremity anesthesia, and survivorship improvement provide a theoretical basis for its clinical impact.