bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fli1 deficiency suppresses RALDH1 activity of dermal dendritic cells and related induction of regulatory T cells: a possible role in scleroderma
Authors: Miura Shunsuke , Saigusa Ryosuke , Yamashita Takashi , Nakamura Kouki , Hirabayashi Megumi , Miyagawa Takuya , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Trojanowska Maria , Sato Shinichi , Asano Yoshihide
Published: March 2020

Background Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1)-producing dermal dendritic cells (DCs), a conventional DC subset regulating skin fibrosis, are decreased in the involved skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this study, we investigated the contribution of Fli1 deficiency, a potential predisposing factor of SSc, to the phenotypical alteration of RALDH1-producing dermal DCs by using SSc model mice and SSc skin samples. Methods Bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin fibrosis was generated with Fli1+/- and wild-type mice. The proportions of DC and CD4+ T cell subsets were determined by flow cytometry in the dermis of BLM-treated mice. Fli1 expression in dermal DCs was evaluated by immunofluorescence with skin samples of SSc and healthy control subjects. Results RALDH activity of dermal DCs was significantly decreased in BLM-treated Fli1+/- mice compared with BLM-treated wild-type mice, whereas the proportion of CD103-CD11b- dermal DCs, a major DC subset producing RALDH1 in response to BLM injection, was comparable between groups. Relevant to this finding, the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the dermis was decreased in BLM-treated Fli1+/- mice relative to BLM-treated wild-type mice, while the proportions of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells were unaltered. In the involved skin of SSc patients, Fli1 was downregulated in CD11c+ cells, including dermal DCs. Conclusions Fli1 deficiency inhibits RALDH1 activity of CD103-CD11b- dermal DCs and related induction of Tregs in BLM-treated mice. Considering Fli1 reduction in SSc dermal DCs, Fli1deficiency may impair the dermal DC-Treg system, contributing to the development of skin fibrosis in SSc.
The effect of uricase on monosodium urate (MSU) crystallization, IL-1β and TNFα in monosodium urate-induced arthritis
Authors: Chen Yongmian , Liang Chengjie , Wang Rui , He Yiquan , Xiao Mingya , Jing Dongdong , Xu Gaoqi , Huang Ting , Li Mei , Zhou Shenpeng , Huang Qiongxiao , Zheng Shuyu , Fu xi , Quan Guan
Published: March 2020

Background : Although the symptoms of gouty arthritis could be controlled by clinical methods, it is often impossible to remove tophi from joints that cause acute gouty arthritis. Methods : In study, we injected a suspension of MSU into the knee joint of chicken, and then injected uricase solution into the joint after 4, 8 and 12 hours. Since the beginning of the experiment, we monitored the circumference of the diseased joint and local temperature change. Computer tomography(CT) examination was performed to examine the MSU in the knee joints and then measured the levels of TNFα and IL-1β in synovial fluid. Chicken knee joint fluid was collected under polarized light microscope to observe the condition of the crystals and measured the weight of MSU residued in synovial fluid. Finally, the chicken knee joint was dissected and the joint synovium was sliced. Results : The results showed that injection of MSU suspension into chicken knee joint, significantly increased IL-1β, TNFα levels (p<0.01), circumference of the joint (p<0.05) and the local skin temperature (p<0.05). Moreover, analysis of the joint fluid and synovial slice under the polarized light microscope revealed that crystals significantly reduced. Compared with groupⅡ(control group), the residual weight of MSU in the joint fluid of group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ is very small(p<0.05), but there is no significant difference between group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ(p＞0.05). Conclusions : The comprehensive analysis shows that the reaction process between uricase and MSU is similar to that uric acid. Therefore, it provides a new way for clinical treatment of acute gouty arthritis with fewer side effects and significant reduction in the frequency of attacks.
A Chinese Case Series of Schnitzler Syndrome and Complete Remission in One Tocilizumab-treated Patient
Authors: Yan Ruyu , Cao Wei , Liu Xinchao , Li Feng , Shen Min
Published: March 2020

Background: Schnitzler syndrome (SchS) is a rare acquired systemic autoinflammatory disease. The major clinical features of SchS are urticarial rush and monoclonal gammopathy, accompanied by fever, joint pain and lymphadenopathy. There were few reports about SchS in Chinese population. Herein, we describe two patients with SchS in China and conducted a systematic literature review about SchS. Methods: Two Chinese Han patients were diagnosed as SchS in our department from 2017 to 2019. Their phenotype and genotype were carefully documented and studied. We also conducted a systematic literature review about SchS. Results: There were one man and one woman with an average disease-onset age of 52. Recurrent fever and urticarial rash occurred in both of them during the febrile attacks and normalized in asymptomatic intervals. Other manifestations included arthritis/arthralgia, lymphadenopathy and hearing loss. Hepatic cirrhosis and epilepsy were seen in one patient. None of them had bone pain or family histories. Serum monoclonal IgM gammopathy was found in both patients. MyD88 gene mutation L258P was identified in one patient. They were treated with tocilizumab and tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) respectively and both showed good response. Conclusions: The rarity and diversity of SchS makes it difficult to be recognized. The patient in our study was the first SchS with concomitant liver and neural damage. Anti-IL-6 agents and TwHF may be alternative therapies when anti-IL-1 therapy is unresponsive or unavailable.
AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DE MORINGA COMO AUXILIAR DE COAGULAÇÃO PARA O TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUAS DE RESERVATÓRIOS EUTROFIZADOS
Authors: Guimarães Adriana , Almeida Antonia Samylla Oliveira , Santos Hábila Adriele De Souza
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o uso de sementes de Moringa oleífera Lam como auxiliar de coagulação no tratamento de água para consumo humano em pequenas comunidades que apresentam dificuldade de acesso ao recurso com qualidade adequada. No Brasil, existem diversas tecnologias que proporcionam o tratamento da água para consumo humano, mas existe certa deficiência, uma vez que pessoas que habitam em áreas carentes não tem acesso a água potável. Foram realizados ensaios em Jartest com aplicações de concentrações de 1 a 198 ppm de semente de Moringa oleífera, associados a diferentes concentrações de Policloreto de alumínio-PAC (1,7 a 58,2 mg/l). Avaliou-se a eficiência de clarificação da água a partir da redução dos parâmetros de cor e turbidez, foi também monitorado os parâmetros pH e alcalinidade da água bruta submetida ensaios de potabilização. Foram coletadas amostras após 120 minutos de decantação e logo em seguida pelo processo de filtração rápida descendente, para verificar se o sistema possibilita a produção de água dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação. Após análise estatística, pode-se concluir que a Moringa oleífera não apresentou efeito significativo, mas apresentou remoção da turbidez e cor.
Métodos formales para verificar los nuevos desarrollos en sistemas de transporte
Authors: Kinirty Joseph A.
Published: March 2020

El acelerado desarrollo de los sistemas ciber-físicos modernos y el incremento en la complejidad de su diseño y análisis, requiere nuevas tecnologías para realizar los procesos de verificación e integración. Debido a la base matemática que los sustenta y al incremento constante en la efectividad de sus procedimientos, los métodos formales son los llamados a proporcionar esas tecnologías. En este artículo se comparan los procesos de verificación formal y la tradicional herramienta de simulación para verificar sistemas ciber-físicos.
La elicitación de requisitos en el contexto de un proyecto software
Authors: Uolevis Nikual Markus Manies
Published: March 2020

La Elicitación de Requisitos –ER– es la piedra angular en el desarrollo de proyectos software y tiene un impacto muy alto en el diseño y en las demás fases del ciclo de vida del producto. Si se realiza apropiadamente, puede ayudar a reducir los cambios y las correcciones en los requisitos. Además, la calidad de la elicitación determina la exactitud de la retroalimentación al cliente acerca de la integridad y validez de los requisitos. Debido a que esta fase es crítica y de alto impacto en el proyecto, es muy importante que la labor de elicitar se realice lo más cercano posible a la “perfección”. Teniendo en cuenta las diferentes características de los proyectos software, en este trabajo se proponen algunas reglas generales para llevar a cabo la RE con base en la discusión y en la explicación de los procesos relacionados y métodos aplicados en los diferentes tipos de proyectos software.
Revisión de los sistemas de control de versiones utilizados en el desarrollo de software
Authors: Tello Leal Edgar , Sosa R. Claudia M. , Tello Leal Diego A.
Published: March 2020

Uno de los retos a los que se enfrentan los desarrolladores de software es generar productos eficientes y de calidad sin sacrificar tiempo o costos. Este objetivo sólo se alcanza si los actores involucrados en tal proceso pueden disponer de toda la información relacionada con el proyecto. Los sistemas de control de versiones son aplicaciones que ayudan al proceso de desarrollo de software, facilitando la gestión del control de versiones de los archivos de código fuente generados por los desarrolladores, proporcionando herramientas para la fusión y generación de una nueva versión de un proyecto, permitiendo que múltiples desarrolladores trabajen en el mismo proyecto sin ocasionar pérdida de datos o bloqueos de archivos. Además, permiten recuperar archivos generados previamente, los cuales pueden ser utilizados para solucionar errores del sistema. En el presente trabajo de investigación se presenta una revisión de las principales aplicaciones de software disponibles para la gestión del control de versiones con un enfoque hacia su utilización en el desarrollo de software. Adicionalmente, se analiza su funcionamiento de acuerdo al método de administración de la información contenida en los repositorios, describiendo el proceso de creación, actualización y generación de versiones de archivos de código almacenados en los repositorios.
Evaluación del desarrollo de competencias a partir de la modelación matemática
Authors: Marquéz Fernandéz Carlos Alberto , Gaviria Carlos , López Rivera Yohana Marcela
Published: March 2020

En el presente estudio se hizo una intervención didáctica en alumnos de grado once de la Institución Educativa San Vicente de Paúl de la ciudad de Medellín, con el objetivo de construir el concepto defunción exponencial de manera significativa bajo el enfoque de situaciones problema. Para el estudio se utilizó un grupo experimental sobre el cual se realizó la intervención, y un grupo control con el que se trabajó de manera tradicional. A los alumnos se les suministró una secuencia de situaciones problema, en especial una de tipo experimental, mediante una unidad de enseñanza potencialmente significativa (UEPS) con diferentes grados de complejidad, para identificar los conocimientos previos e introducir los nuevos. En la práctica se propusieron situaciones de tipo gráfico, tabular y simbólico. Los resultados mostraron que los alumnos del grupo experimental alcanzaron mayores niveles de competencia que los que formaban parte del grupo control.
Kireç Katkısı ile Kil Bir Zeminin Dayanımının İyileştirilmesi
Authors: GEÇKİL Tacettin , SARICI Talha , YILDIRAN Ekrem Serdar
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada kil bir zemine kireç katılmasının dayanıma etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda katkı malzemesi olarak kullanılan kireç, kil zemininin içine ağırlıkça farklı yüzdelerde eklenmiştir. Hazırlanan karışımlarda, kil içine kilin ağırlığının %2,5, %5, %7,5, %10, %15 ve %20 oranlarında kireç eklenmiştir. Farklı oranlarda hazırlanan numuneler homojen olarak karıştırıldıktan sonra kıvam limitleri, kompaksiyon, serbest basınç ve Kaliforniya taşıma gücü oranı (CBR) deneyleri uygulanmıştır. Deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda, karışımdaki kireç artışına bağlı olarak numunelerin plastisite indeksi ve maksimum kuru yoğunluğu azalmış, optimum su muhtevası artmıştır. Ayrıca, 7 ve 28 günlük kür sürelerine tabi tutulan numuneler içerisinde en yüksek serbest basınç mukavemeti değeri %5 kireç oranında elde edilmiştir. Bu oranda yine aynı kür sürelerine tabi tutulan numunelerin CBR değerleri saf kil zemine göre sırasıyla 1,37 ve 2,08 kat yüksek sonuç vermiştir.
Mobilya Sektörü Özelinde Üç Boyutlu Yazıcılarla Tasarım ve Malzeme-Biçim-Üretim Yöntemi Üzerine İlişkisel Düşünme
Authors: CANBOLAT Tülay , AYDIN Kadir
Published: March 2020

Teknolojik gelişmeler arasında üç boyutlu yazıcılar, gelecek için barındırdığı potansiyeller bakımından öne çıkan başlıklardan biri olmaktadır. Çalışmada, mobilya sektöründe üç boyutlu yazıcılarla tasarım ve yeni nesil teknolojilerle malzeme kullanımının yenilikçi mobilya tasarımlarına yönelik genel bir bakış sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın içeriğinde, üç boyutlu yazıcıların günümüz çalışma prensipleri, mobilya sektöründe kullanılma olanakları, kullanılan malzemeler ve hammaddeler ile mobilya tasarım örnekleri açıklanmaktadır. Üç boyutlu yazıcılar, yeni nesil malzemeler, tasarımcıdan üreticiye ve kullanıcıya kadar sunduğu kolaylıklar, alternatifler ve yeniliklerle mobilya tasarım sektöründe gelecek için önemli potansiyeller taşımaktadır.
Reaktör Türlerinin ve Parametrelerinin Steam Reforming Prosesiyle Etanolden Hidrojen Üretimine Etkisinin Aspen Plus ile İncelenmesi
Authors: BEKİROĞULLARI Mesut , KAYA Mustafa
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada etanolden hidrojen üretim prosesi Aspen Plus yardımıyla geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen simülasyon kullanılarak öncelikle üç farklı reaktör türünün etanol dönüşüm oranlarına etkisi incelenmiş olup RGibss reaktörünün REquilibrium ve RPlug reaktörlerien oranla en iyi dönüşüm oranına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İki farklı aktivite katsayısı modeli olan UNIFAC ve UNIQUAC modelleri test edilmiş olup en iyi dönüşüm oranının UNIQUAC modelinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En iyi reaktör ve aktivite katsayısı modeli belirlendikten sonra, sıcaklık, basınç ve karışım oranı gibi reaktör çalışma parametrelerinin etanol dönüşüm oranına olan etkileri sırasıyla çalışılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma neticesinde sıcaklık, basınç ve karışım oranı sırasıyla 500 °C, 1 atm ve 1/4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Son olarak üretilen hidrojen gazının saflaştırılıp kullanabilir hale gelmesi için bir ayrıştırıcı kullanılmış olup %99,9 saflıkta saf H2 elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Aspen Plus simülatörünün başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirildiğini göstermekte olup bu tür başarılı simülasyonların deneysel maliyetleri ve zaman kaybını minimize edebileceğini göstermektedir.
Çok Amaçlı Baraj Haznelerinin Genetik Algoritma ile Enerji Üretimi Amaçlı Optimizasyonu
Authors: YURTAL Recep
Published: March 2020

Çok amaçlı baraj haznelerinin diğer amaçlar kısıt olarak kullanıldığında hidroelektrik üretiminin optimizasyonu için farklı optimizasyon teknikleri uygulamada kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada Evrim tabanlı programlardan Genetik Algoritma kullanılarak işletmedeki çok amaçlı bir barajın hidroelektrik enerji üretimi maksimize edilmiştir. Bu amaçla geliştirilen program kodu, içme suyu temini amacı da olan Seyhan Havzası’ndaki Karakuz Barajı ve HES haznesine uygulanmış ve toplam enerji maksimize edilmiştir. Geliştirilen program ile elde edilen işletme politikası ile barajın fizibilite raporundaki toplam enerji yüzde on daha fazla üretilebilir hale gelmiştir. Çok amaçlı tek baraj için geliştirilen program, rahatlıkla çok amaçlı çok hazneli sistemler için geliştirilebilir. Geliştirilen program ve elde edilen eniyilenmiş işletme politikaları, ülkemizin enerji açığı ve küresel ısınmanın etkileri de düşünüldüğünde uygulayıcılara ve karar vericilere önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır.
Capturing different perspectives on integrated urban water management issues
Authors: Guthrie Lachlan , Furlong Casey , De Silva Saman
Published: March 2020

Integrated urban water management (IUWM) involves a complex web of organisational interactions. Each organisation has its own priorities and unique perceptions of problems. This study offers two contributions to the research on this topic. First, 14 major issues in IUWM infrastructure planning were determined through industry consultation and a literature review. Second, an industry survey investigated which issues were most important to which organisations, and results show significant differences across organisational types. While there were significant differences between organisational types, the survey found that across the entire sector, most issues were ranked similarly in importance with two clear outliers, collaboration and integration being clearly the most important and post-evaluation the least. If the industry can develop an understanding of these differences in organisational perspectives, it will provide a starting point for better collaboration in integrated water infrastructure planning processes.
Pollution status of volatile organic sulfur compounds causing odor in Xi River and factors influencing spatial distribution
Authors: Tu Xiang , Chen Shaohua , Wang Siyu , Liao Haiqing , Deng Xuejiao
Published: March 2020

This study investigated the pollution status of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) and the factors influencing their spatial distribution in the Xi River in Shenyang, China. A method for simultaneous determination of 14 VOSCs that cause odor in water samples was developed by using purge and trap coupled with gas chromatography and a flame photometric detector. The results indicated that each target compound could be identified from 15 sampling sites, and the total concentration of 14 VOSCs ranged from 2.575 to 52.981 μg L−1. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was the most important contaminant with an average concentration of 4.029 μg L−1, a detection rate of 93.33% and a variation coefficient of 0.72. The VOSCs were primarily distributed in suburban and rural sections, and the suburban section was the worst in regard to pollution by VOSCs. Dimethyl trisulfide was primarily distributed in urban and suburban sections of the Xi River due to industrial emissions. Ethanethiol, DMS, and ethyl methyl sulfide, which are typical by-products of microbial anaerobic decomposition from domestic wastewater, were found in abundance in the suburban section. Diethyl sulfide, diethyl disulfide, methyl propyl disulfide, and 1-propyl disulfide representing agricultural nonpoint source pollution were mostly distributed in the rural section.
A Comprehensive Review on Oxysterols and Related Diseases
Authors: Samadi Afshin , Sabuncuoglu Suna , Samadi Mahshid , Isikhan Selen Yilmaz , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Peana Massimiliano , Lay Incilay , Yalcinkaya Ahmet , Bjørklund Geir
Published: March 2020

The present review aims to provide a complete and comprehensive summary of
current literature relevant to oxysterols and related diseases. Oxidation of cholesterol leads to
the formation of a large number of oxidized products, generally known as oxysterols. They
are intermediates in the biosynthesis of bile acids, steroid hormones, and 1,25-
dihydroxyvitamin D3. Although oxysterols are considered as metabolic intermediates, there is
a growing body of evidence that many of them are bioactive, and their absence or excess may
be part of the cause of a disease phenotype. These compounds derive from either enzymatic or
non-enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol. This study provides comprehensive information
about the structures, formation, and types of oxysterols even when involved in certain disease
states, focusing on their effects on metabolism and linkages with these diseases. The role of
specific oxysterols as mediators in various disorders, such as degenerative (age-related) and
cancer-related disorders, has now become clearer. Oxysterol levels may be employed as suitable
markers for the diagnosis of specific diseases or in predicting the incidence rate of diseases,
such as diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, lung
cancer, breast cancer, and infertility. However, further investigations may be required to confirm
these mentioned possibilities.
Long Non-coding RNAs in Metabolic and Inflammatory Pathways in Obesity
Authors: Shi Yue , Qu Jiayuan , Gai Liyue , Yuan Ding , Yuan Chengfu
Published: March 2020

Background:

In recent decades, the incidence of obesity has been rising globally. Obesity can often
cause various inflammatory reactions, resulting in several diseases that threaten public health. The purpose of this
review is to explore the role of long non-coding RNAs in metabolic obesity and find new targets for the prevention
and treatment of metabolic diseases.

Methods:

We described the relationship between obesity and inflammation, reviewed several signaling pathways
in metabolic inflammation, and summarized some of the long non-coding RNAs and their targets associated with
metabolic inflammation. The related studies were retrieved through a systematic search of the PubMed database.

Result:

Metabolic stress during obesity can cause inflammation through several metabolic pathways. Many long
non-coding RNAs can affect the progression of metabolic inflammation by affecting different pathways.

Conclusion:

Downregulation or antagonization of long non-coding RNAs in metabolic pathways may provide
new ideas and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic inflammation.
Binge Eating and Binge Drinking: A Two-Way Road? An Integrative Review
Authors: Escrivá-Martínez Tamara , Herrero Rocío , Molinari Guadalupe , Rodríguez-Arias Marta , Verdejo-García Antonio , Baños Rosa M.
Published: March 2020

Unhealthy diet and alcohol are serious health problems, especially in adolescents and young adults.
“Binge” is defined as the excessive and uncontrolled consumption of food (binge eating) and alcohol (binge
drinking). Both behaviors are frequent among young people and have a highly negative impact on health and
quality of life. Several studies have explored the causes and risk factors of both behaviors, and the evidence concludes
that there is a relationship between the two behaviors. In addition, some research postulates that binge
eating is a precipitating factor in the onset and escalation of excessive alcohol consumption, while other studies
suggest that alcohol consumption leads to excessive and uncontrollable food consumption. Given that no review
has yet been published regarding the directionality between the two behaviors, we have set out to provide an upto-
date overview of binge eating and binge drinking problems, analyzing their commonalities and differences, and
their uni- and bidirectional associations. In addition, we explore the reasons why young people tend to engage in
both behaviors and consider directions for future research and clinical implications.
Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones
Authors: Bakó Péter , Nemcsok Tamás , Rapi Zsolt , Keglevich György
Published: March 2020

:

Many catalysts were tested in asymmetric Michael additions in order to synthesize enantioenriched products. One of the most common reaction types among the Michael reactions is the conjugated addition of malonates to enones making it possible to investigate the structure–activity relationship of the catalysts. The most commonly used Michael acceptors are chalcone, substituted chalcones, chalcone derivatives, cyclic enones, while typical donors may be dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, diisopropyl, dibutyl, di-tert-butyl and dibenzyl malonates. This review summarizes the most important enantioselective catalysts applied in these types of reactions.
An Evidence-based Review of Medicinal Plants used in Traditional Persian Medicine for Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Karami Soodeh , Shamshiri Shiva , Abdollahi Mohammad , Rahimi Roja
Published: March 2020

Osteoarthritis (OA) is known to be the leading cause of pain and disability in the elderly.
The prevalence of this disease in adults over 60 years was 9.6% in men and 18% in women.
The therapeutic goals of this disease generally include pain relief with the least side effects,
improvement of articular function and improvement of life, in which pharmacological and nonpharmacological
treatments are performed in different protocols. Due to the common side effects
of pain relievers and complaints after invasive joint surgeries, there is a growing interest in the use
of Traditional and Complementary protocols in OA treatment. In this paper, different sources of
Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) were searched to obtain any evidence evaluating any medicinal
plants in the management of OA. Over 250 effective medicinal plants for the treatment of OA
have been introduced in these sources, and by searching electronic databases including PubMed
and Scopus, we have found that of these plants, 39 have direct or indirect evidence in the treatment
of this complication by different mechanism of actions such as effect on Body mass index (BMI),
obesity and dyslipidemia, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antioxidant activity. The most
important medicinal plants with direct evidence in the management of OA are Allium sativum,
Commiphora mukul, Linum usitatissimum, Matricaria chamomilla, Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinale,
and Piper nigrum. Medicinal plants seem to be a valuable source for discovering and identifying
new drugs for treatment of OA; however, since most of the studies are preclinical, further
clinical trials are required to achieve more conclusive results.
A Review of Pharmacological Properties and Toxicological Effects of Adiantum capillus-veneris L.
Authors: Kashkooe Ali , Sardari Frough Afsari , Mehrabadi Mahkameh Moradi , Zarshenas Mohammad M.
Published: March 2020

Background:

Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Family: Pteridaceae) is a well-known
safe medicinal herb used in traditional and modern medicine due to its beneficial pharmacological
properties. The current study aimed to compile a review on phytochemicals, pharmacological
properties and toxicological effects of this plant.

Methods:

An incisive search was conducted through electronic scientific databases including
PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library using keyword ‘Adiantum capillusveneris’.
All related in vivo, in vitro, human (English papers), were selected from the beginning
up to 1st January 2019. All letters, conference papers, papers dealing with genetics, agriculture,
and pure phytochemistry of the herb were excluded.

Results:

A. capillus veneris revealed various pharmacological activities including the effects on
the remodeling of lung alveolar epithelial cells in a hypoxic environment, anti-toxicity properties
in liver and testes, anti-hyperglycemic, and wound healing effects in diabetic or non-diabetic patients,
protection against damage to fibroblasts via free radicals, activity against testosteroneinduced
alopecia, anticonvulsant, depressant, analgesic and anti-nociceptive activities, as well as
effects on urinary output, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antilithiatic, hypothyroidism regulatory,
anti-cancer, antidiarrheal and antispasmodic, anti-asthmatic and anti-histaminic, and enzyme
inhibition (in Alzheimer’s, diabetes and skin disorders) activities.

Conclusion:

This plant can be used as a natural potent and safe agent to alleviate numerous medical
symptoms and diseases due to its useful pharmacological properties. Thus, further researches
are needed in order to compile the clinical effects of this plant via human studies.
Traditional Aspects of Sciatic Pain Management and Allied Therapies from Persian Medical Reports
Authors: Ansari Ramin , Dadbakhsh Amirhossein , Hasani Fatemeh , Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh , Abolhassanzadeh Zohreh , Zarshenas Mohammad M.
Published: March 2020

Sciatica is a common back pain caused by irritation of the sciatic nerve. Current
pharmacologic therapies have proven inadequate for many patients with sciatic pain. On the
other hand, there is a globally increasing demand for the use and administration of natural
medicaments for this disorder. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) is a school of medicine and
a medicinal plant-based resource for clinical studies put forward by Persian scholars. The aim of
the present study is to gather and study the effectiveness of all medicinal plants from five main
Persian pharmacopeias. Furthermore, different databases such as PubMed and Scopus have been
checked to derive relevant activities for these plants. In all, 99 medicinal plants related to 42
families have been authenticated. Asteraceae and Apiaceae were the most frequent families and
roots and seeds were the most reported botanical parts. The employed routes of administration
were oral (54%), topical (33%) and rectal (13%). Anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity and antinociceptive
properties of medicines are known as some main mechanisms to manage sciatic
pain. These functions are possessed by 30%, 15%, and 15% of the studied plants, respectively.
Medicaments that can be introduced as lead agents for further investigation are Zingiber officinale
Roscoe, Olea europaea L., Strychnos nux-vomica L and Artemisia vulgaris L which
showed all of these properties in previous studies. Hence, conducting adducible clinical trials
using these lead agents may lead to novel drugs with lesser undesirable and much more therapeutic
effects on controlling sciatic pain.
Curcumin - Properties, Applications and Modification of Structure
Authors: Roman Barbara , Retajczyk Monika , Sałaciński Łukasz , Pełech Robert
Published: March 2020

In recent years, the interest in biologically active compounds of natural origin has increased
significantly. Researchers' research focuses on increasing the activity of curcumin by forming
complexes with metals such as vanadium, iron, copper or gallium. Introduction of metal compounds
to curcumin increases the scope of application in pharmacology. The main direction of research
development is the treatment of tumors, among others stomach cancer or leukemia. Curcuminoids
are the main components of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a plant from India and South-East
Asia. Due to its intense yellow-orange color and pleasant aroma, the powdered rootstalk is widely
used in the food industry, as natural dye and spice. The chemical compound responsible for the characteristic
color of rhizomes of curcuma is 1,6-heptadien-3,5-dione-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)
- (1E, 6E) called curcumin. This work aims to characterize curcumin in terms of its structure,
therapeutic properties and also as a substrate for the synthesis of valuable derivatives like tetrahydrocurcumin.
Knowledge about this relationship based on literature analysis will enable a better understanding
of the factors responsible for its biological activity.
A Case Report: Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presenting as Chest Pain in a Patient on a Low Carbohydrate Diet
Authors: Dorcely Brenda , Nitis Juliana , Schwartzbard Arthur , Newman Jonathan D. , Goldberg Ira J. , Sum Melissa
Published: March 2020

Introduction:

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 [SGLT2] inhibitors reduce cardiovascular
events and mortality in patients with diabetes, particularly patients with established cardiovascular disease.
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis [euDKA], a complication of SGLT2 therapy, can be exacerbated
by a low carbohydrate diet.

Case Report:

A 61-year-old man with a history of type 2 diabetes, taking an SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin
10 mg orally daily, presented to the emergency room with a 2-day history of nausea and chest
pain. A week prior to presentation, he had started a ketogenic diet. He was initially admitted with a diagnosis
of acute coronary syndrome. On initial assessment in the emergency room, his cardiac enzymes
were normal and there were no ischemic changes in his ECG. As there was concern for unstable angina,
he underwent cardiac catheterization, which showed a known total occlusion with collaterals and arteries
with a non-obstructive disease without any evidence of acute plaque rupture. His baseline laboratory
assessments revealed an elevated anion gap of 17, increased urinary and plasma ketones, and metabolic
acidosis. His plasma glucose level was 84 mg/dL. The diagnosis of euDKA was made, and treatment
with intravenous fluids and insulin was initiated. His chest pain and nausea subsequently resolved.

Conclusion:

We present a case of euDKA triggered by a ketogenic diet while on SGLT2 inhibitor therapy
presenting as chest pain. The recognition of euDKA is important in the context of increased SGLT2
use for the management of cardiovascular risk for patients with diabetes.
Re-exploring an Epicentre Spice with Immense Therapeutic Potentials: Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)
Authors: Ghosh Sourav , Kumar Arvind , Sachan Neetu , Chandra Phool
Published: March 2020

Background:

Spices are mostly used as additives in food regularly to enhance the taste
and flavour. From ancient times, the plant of Piperaceae family contributes a large variety of species
to the spices section, from which Piper nigrum is one of the widely used spices worldwide in culinary
and as a medicinal agent. Piper nigrum is known as the king of spice due to its impactful constituent
‘piperine’.

Objective:

To report a comprehensive view on the botanical description, traditional and culinary use,
phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and toxicology of P. nigrum.

Methods:

Literature searches were carried out in various databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, and
Google Scholar for peer-reviewed research literature about traditional and culinary use, biologically
active compounds and distinctive pharmacological activities along with toxicology of P. nigrum.

Results:

The main outcomes from the search are the bioactive compounds responsible for various
pharmacological activities, such as alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and
anthraquinones. Apart from its traditional uses, it is accounted for the treatment of numerous diseases
worldwide. Pharmacologically, the plant has been investigated for antioxidant, antimicrobial, digestive,
antidiarrheal, anticancer, neuroprotective, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic,
hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, antithyroid and antiasthmatic activities. Black pepper
showed no toxic effect up to 250 times more than their usual amount.

Conclusion:

The overall review suggests that P. nigrum is not just a commonly utilized spice but also
at the same time utilized as a traditional plant with immense therapeutic potentials. The review also
suggests that limited work has been reported on the neuropharmacological activity of P. nigrum.
So, scientific evaluation of its neuroprotective effect can be a thrust area for the research.
Kinetic Behaviour of Amylase According to pH: A New Perspective for Starch Hydrolysis Process
Authors: Grewal Ravneet K. , Kaur Baldeep , Kaur Gagandeep
Published: March 2020

Background:

Amylases are the most widely used biocatalysts in starch saccharification and detergent industries. However, commercially available amylases have few limitations viz. limited activity at low or high pH and Ca2+ dependency.

Objective:

The quest for exploiting amylase for diverse applications to improve the industrial processes in terms of efficiency and feasibility led us to investigate the kinetics of amylase in the presence of metal ions as a function of pH.

Methods:

The crude extract from soil fungal isolate cultures is subjected to salt precipitation, dialysis and DEAE cellulose chromatography followed by amylase extraction and is incubated with divalent metal ions (i.e., Ca2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+); Michaelis-Menton constant (Km), and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) are calculated by plotting the activity data obtained in the absence and presence of ions, as a function of substrate concentration in Lineweaver-Burk Plot.

Results:

Kinetic studies reveal that amylase is inhibited un-competitively at 5mM Cu2+ at pH 4.5 and 7.5, but non-competitively at pH 9.5. Non-competitive inhibition of amylase catalyzed starch hydrolysis is observed with 5mM Hg2+ at pH 9.5, which changes to mixed inhibition at pH 4.5 and 7.5. At pH 4.5, Ca2+ induces K- and V-type activation of amylase catalyzed starch hydrolysis; however, the enzyme has V-type activation at 7mM Ca2+ under alkaline conditions. Also, K- and V-type of activation of amylase is observed in the presence of 7mM Fe2+ at pH 4.5 and 9.5.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that divalent ions modulation of amylase is pH dependent. Furthermore, a time-saving and cost-effective solution is proposed to overcome the challenges of the existing methodology of starch hydrolysis in starch and detergent industries.
Cuminum cyminum Prevents Lipotoxicity and Apoptosis but Cuminaldehyde Fails to Do So: A Study on Mouse Macrophage (RAW 264.7) Cells
Authors: Devkar Ranjitsinh , Thadani Jaymesh , Sanghvi Shridhar , Lagu Kiran , Shirsath Kavita
Published: March 2020

Aim:

The present study aims to compare the cytoprotective effect of Cuminum cyminum L. (CC) extract and cuminaldehyde (CA) against lipotoxicity induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells.

Objective:

To assess comparative Cytoprotective potential of CC and CA against Ox-LDL induced cytotoxicity. ii) To study efficacy of CC and CA in preventing Ox-LDL induced apoptosis

Methods:

Protective effect of CC extract and CA aganist Ox-LDL induced cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells was assessed by MTT assay. DCFDA stain was used to check the generation of ROS followed by analysis of apoptotic genes by quantitative RT-PCR.

Results:

CC extract was found to be non-toxic up to 300 μg/ml but CA showed significant toxicity from 50 to 300 μg/ml. Cells treated with Ox-LDL recorded 80 % decrement in cell viability as compared to the control cells. But Ox-LDL+CC treated group accounted for improved cell viability (88 %) which was comparable to that of control. However, Ox-LDL+CA treated cells did not record any improvement in cell viability (19 %). DCF-DA staining revealed that the presence of CC could minimize intracellular oxidative stress but similarly this was persistent in CA supplemented group. Furthermore, mRNA expression of apoptotic genes revealed that Ox-LDL induced upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 genes were not recorded in Ox-LDL+CC treated group.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that CC extract efficiently prevented Ox-LDL induced lipotoxicity and apoptosis and has an anti-atherosclerotic potential. The failure of CA emphasizes the importance of naturally occurring polyherbal formulations over pure compounds in imparting bioactivity and for therapeutic applications.
Cinematic Equivalence in Subtitling: A Case Study of the Biographical Drama Forever Enthralled
Authors: Wang Kenny , Han Chong
Published: March 2020

We propose in this paper a conceptual model of how equivalence may be achieved in subtitling to allow the target language viewers the opportunity to enjoy a comparable cinematic experience as that enjoyed by the source language viewers. We follow Brock’s (2015) adaptation of Goffman’s (1981) participation framework in communication and take Nida’s (1964) Dynamic Equivalence as the point of departure to propose Cinematic Equivalence as the conceptual model as well as the aim of film subtitling. This model is illustrated by examining the English subtitles of a Chinese biographical film called Forever Enthralled (?????). Based on our conceptual model, we make suggestions for subtitling training and practice.
SEVERE FALCIPARUM MALARIA – PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS/ COMPLICATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA
Authors: MO NKPOZI
Published: March 2020

Severe falciparum malaria remains a common cause of death among the under-5 Nigerian children despite Nigerians having partial immunity arising from their residence in a hyperendemic region for malaria transmission. It is, also, being reported in clinical practice among adolescent and adult Nigerians. The objective of this narrative review is to highlight the pathophysiology of severe malaria and relate that to its clinical manifestations/ complications and to highlight the challenges of severe malaria management in Nigeria. With a good understanding of the pathophysiology of severe malaria as it relates to its clinical manifestations, one expects a favorable outcome from the current treatment protocol.
COMPARISON OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRESS ON LUMBAR, SHOULDER, AND WRIST JOINTS WHILE MAKING A BED USING EASYTUCK PAD VERSUS OTHER BED-MAKING TOOLS
Authors: ABDO ARMIA , AL-NAKHLI HANI
Published: March 2020

Objective: Currently, there are multiple bed-making tools utilized by consumers and businesses with the intention of increasing safety and reducing time to make a bed. In this study, we will compare musculoskeletal stress, time, and preference of making a bed using the EasyTuck pad versus three other bed-making tools and making a bed without any bed-making tool.

Methods: A sample of ten subjects performed the task of making a queen size mattress bed with one bottom fitted sheet and one top flat sheet, using the EasyTuck pad versus three other bed-making tools, and making a bed without any bed-making tool, in a random order. Time to make the bed, forces on the low back, shoulders and wrist, and the number of times each individual bent forward were measured during each trial. In addition, subjective preferences were measured using a simple questionnaire.

Results: Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences between the five different procedures. There were significant differences for all the measured variables. Regarding the time needed to make one bed, the EasyTuck pad had the least time range (80.6 s±4.3), which was approximately 40 s less than making the bed with no tool (p<0.001). Furthermore, for the overall lumbar spine impulse force, the EasyTuck pad had the largest overall reduction in this category (90.6%). Regarding the subjective data, the EasyTuck pad had an overall rating of 9.4 out of 10, compared to the other tools with ratings of 5.9, 5.1, and 3.4 out of 10, which was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Making beds on a regular basis poses risk of injury, especially for those who are required to perform this for their occupation. However, using assistive tools for bed-making, could minimize, and prevent injuries and overload to the lower back, and other parts of the body, making the bed-making task safer. Based on our findings, the EasyTuck pad was by far the most efficient and safest tool to assist in making beds, with the lowest possible risk of injury when compared to all the other tools tested.
Real-world evidence on clinical outcomes in immune thrombocytopenia treated with thrombopoietin receptor agonists
Authors: Forsythe Anna , Schneider John , Pham Timothy , Bhor Menaka , Said Qayyim , Allepuz Alejandro , Socorro O Portella Maria do , Kwon Christina S , Roy Anuja Nidumolu
Published: March 2020

Aim:Eltrombopag and romiplostim are US FDA approved for treatment of immune thrombocytopenia in patients with insufficient response to other treatments. Clinical or real-world data comparing outcomes of the two drugs are limited.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study sought information on bleeding-related episodes (BREs), adverse events (AEs) and other outcomes of eltrombopag or romiplostim treatment in immune thrombocytopenia.Results:Patients receiving eltrombopag experienced significantly reduced BREs, severe BREs, rescue medication use and platelet transfusions. Diarrhea and headache were significantly less frequent in patients receiving eltrombopag; other AEs occurred equally in both groups.Conclusion:There may be a potential advantage for the use of eltrombopag versus romiplostim in the practice settings studied, based on rates of BREs and AEs and rescue medication utilization.
Гибкость или производительность контрактного производства: дилемма разрешима?
Authors: Ковалевский Ю.
Published: March 2020

Визит на сборочно-монтажное производство компании ООО «Нанотех»
Чтобы быстрее двигаться вперед, компаниям нужны не отдельные измерительные приборы, а законченные решения
Authors: Данасекаран С.
Published: March 2020

В начале апреля текущего года между ООО «Кейсайт Текнолоджиз» – ​российским подразделением компании Keysight Technologies, и АО «Технопарк Санкт-Петербурга» был подписан меморандум о сотрудничестве. Среди направлений, обладающих высоким потенциалом на российском рынке, Keysight Technologies видит развитие технологий телекоммуникационных сетей нового поколения 5G – ​одной из областей, в которых у данной компании есть самые передовые решения, способные помочь в создании мощных конкурентоспособных систем.
О том, какие особенности связаны с технологиями 5G, в частности, в области средств контроля и измерений, в каком состоянии находится сейчас процесс стандартизации в отношении этих сетей, как меняются потребности компаний, использующих контрольно-измерительное оборудование, и как отвечает всем этим новым требованиям Keysight Technologies, нам рассказал президент Группы коммуникационных решений компании Сатиш Данасекаран (Satish Dhanasekaran).
Метрологическая экспертиза технической документации как один из этапов повышения качества
Authors: Ведерников С.
Published: March 2020

В условиях рыночной экономики производимая продукция (изделия) должна отличаться высокими показателями качества, а процесс производства – максимально оптимизирован и эффективен для снижения экономических затрат.
Новые компоненты и решения от Würth Elektronik: всё меньше места для «магии» в электронике
Authors: Конц О. , Фадеева А.В.
Published: March 2020

Рассказывают генеральный директор группы компаний Würth Elektronik eiSos О. Конц и проект-менеджер по направлению
электронные компоненты группы компаний Würth Elektronik eiSos А. В. Фадеева

Группа компаний Würth Elektronik eiSos GmbH & Co. KG (Würth Elektronik) – ​один из крупнейших в своем сегменте рынка производителей электронных и электромеханических компонентов и модулей. На 16 принадлежащих ей производственных площадках, расположенных в разных странах мира, работает около 8,3 тыс. сотрудников. Продукция группы компаний хорошо известна в отрасли, поэтому на выставке electronica 2018 мы попросили ее представителей рассказать о тех изделиях, которые они сами считают наиболее интересными и важными для себя на сегодняшний день. Со стендом Würth Elektronik нас знакомили ее генеральный директор Оливер Конц (Oliver Konz) и проект-менеджер Анастасия Фадеева.
Особенности применения коаксиально-микрополосковых переходов для поверхностного монтажа типа SMP
Authors: Коренев А.
Published: March 2020

Рассматриваются некоторые технические аспекты применения и измерения параметров СВЧ коаксиально-микрополосковых переходов для поверхностного монтажа на примере соединителя, выпускаемого АО «Иркутский релейный завод».
4,5 месяца от идеи микромодуля до готового образца
Authors: Мейлицев В.
Published: March 2020

Проект НПЦ СЭС и ОКБ Пятое поколение,
представленный на выставке ExpoElectronica 2019
ИСПЫТАНИЯ НА УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ К ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЮ HIRF-ПОЛЕЙ
Authors: Петровичев А.
Published: March 2020

В лаборатории ЭМС АО «ТЕСТПРИБОР» проводятся испытания бортового оборудования (БО) расчетно-экспериментальным методом на стойкость к HIRF-полям в соответствии со стандартом KT-160. В настоящий момент проходит аттестацию реверберационная камера. По ее завершении будет проводиться весь спектр проверок на стойкость к HIRF-полям, соответствующий требованиям KT-160.
Системы тестирования на ЭМС микросхем и печатных плат
Authors: Кондрашов Д. , Шостак А.
Published: March 2020

Рассмотрены устройства и системы компании Langer EMV-Technik (Германия), позволяющие выполнять различные виды тестирования микросхем и печатных плат на электромагнитную совместимость (ЭМС).