bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi “Selamatkan Bumi” melalui Pengelolaan Sampah Organik menjadi Eco-Enzyme bagi Guru-Guru IPA SMP/MTs di Kabupaten Bekasi Jawa Barat
Authors: Dewahrani Yulilina Retno , Suryanda Ade , Auliya Nailul Rahmi , Puspitaningrum Rini
Published: September 2024

Pada tahun 1989, sebagian wilayah Bantargebang dengan luas 113,15 ha mengalami operasionalisasi menjadi TPA bagi sampah-sampah dari DKI Jakarta. Penumpukan sampah di TPA Bantargebang menimbulkan pencemaran, khususnya air dan udara bagi masyarakat di sekitar TPA. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi pembinaan yang efektif dan efisien agar mampu mewujudkan kontribusi dari masyarakat dalam mengelola sampah organik secara tepat. Salah satu alternatif adalah dengan cara mengubah sampah tersebut menjadi produk yang dapat dimanfaatkan kembali, yaitu eco enzyme. Edukasi program pembuatan eco enzyme dilaksanakan di daerah Bekasi kepada guru-guru MGMP IPA SMP/SMTs Kota Bekasi. Berdasarkan identifikasi ditetapkan beberapa permasalahan yang muncul, yakni minimnya kesempatan para guru untuk berkontribusi secara aktif pada pengelolaan sampah organik, khususnya sisa sayur dan buah yang tidak dikonsumsi. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah mengembangkan program pembuatan eco enzyme dengan menggunakan Teknik case study dan simulasi melalui pendekatan participation strategy. Dalam hal ini, masyarakat dilibatkan secara aktif dalam pembuatan eco enzyme. Berdasarkan hasil produk yang dibuat oleh guru, maka disimpulkan kegiatan pengabdian ini telah berhasil menarik minta para peserta untuk berkontribusi dalam menyelamatkan bumi dengan mengurangi limbah domestik.
Edukasi pencegahan , Efek Samping dan Bahaya Penyalahgunaan Narkoba di SMA Seminari Mertoyudan Magelang
Authors: Florentina Kusyanti Florentina
Published: September 2024

Perubahan kehidupan remaja semakin berubah sesuai dengan perubahan jaman yang semakin modern,,maka perkembangan remaja sangat penting dilakukan pengawasan baik di rumah maupun di sekolah,.karena seorang remaja baru mencari jadi dirinya.sehingga dengan pengawasan yang baik akan menjadikan perkembangan remaja yang baik dan tidak ada pengaruh yang kurang baik bagi remaja terutama pengaruh merokok dan penyalahgunaan narkoba.Penyalahgunaan narkoba biasanya diawali kurangnya pengawasan dari orang tua dan sekolah sehingga bergabung dengan teman sebaya dengan mencoba yang menbuat remaja itu bahagia.SMA seminari mertoyudan letaknya deket Universitas Muhamadiya Magelang,pertokoan sehingga disekitar sekolah banyak kost-kostan dimana kita tidak tahu asal anak kost,dan kebiasaan anak kost,padahal pada hari rabu anak seminari ada waktu keluar bebas.maka bisa jadi anak-anak seminari main dan bertemu dengan anak-anak yang kost di sekitar sekolah.maka untuk menghindari pengaruh,maka anak-anak seminari perlu dibekali,materi tentang pencegahan,bahaya,efek samping penyalahgunaan narkoba.Tujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan,bahaya,efek samping penyalahgunaan narkoba di SMA Seminari Mertoyudan.Kegiatan didilaksanakan pada Sabtu 10 Desember 2022 dari jam 9.30-13.00 diruang aula seminari,diikuti oleh 205 siswa.Siswa sangat antusias mengikuti lebih saat sesi Tanya jawab,sehingga kegiatan pengabdian ini sangat hidup.dan siswa sangat senang dengan mendapatkan edukasi ini demi kami dan teman-teman.
Formulasi Sabun Gel Ekstrak Biji Manjakani Menggunakan Tragakan dan Carbopol 934 sebagai Gelling Agent
Authors: Amalia Anisa , Nursal Fith Khaira , Nining Nining , Bariroh Tahyatul , Laszairina Andra Yunita , Dinaianti Adelia
Published: September 2024

Biji manjakani (Quercus infectoria) dapat digunakan sebagai bahan aktif pada sediaan sabun pembersih kewanitaan karena mengandung senyawa tannin yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Tragakan dan carbopol 934 merupakan gelling agent yang dapat digunakan pada pembuatan sabun gel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan jenis dan konsentrasi gelling agent terhadap stabilitas fisik sabun gel pembersih kewanitaan ekstrak etanol 96% biji manjakani. Formula 1 - 4 menggunakan tragakan pada konsentrasi 0,5% (F1), 1% (F2), 1,5% (F3), dan 2% (F4). Formula 5 - 8 menggunakan carbopol 934 pada konsentrasi 0,75% (F5), 1% (F6), 1,25% (F7), dan 1,5% (F8). Uji Stabilitas fisik dilakukan selama 6 minggu pada suhu 300C dan dilakukan pengamatan organoleptis, homogenitas, nilai pH dan viskositas yang dilanjutkan denganuji stabilitas tinggi busa dan uji cycling test. Penggunaan kedua jenis gelling agent menghasilkan sabun gel yang homogen dan stabil secara visual pada penyimpanan pada suhu kamar. Penggunaan tragakan menghasilkan sabun gel dengan viskositas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan carbopol 934. Nilai pH sabun gel adalah 3,86 – 4,54 dan memenuhi kriteria sabun kewanitaan. Busa yang dihasilkan oleh tiap formula stabil selama masa pengamatan. F1 dan F5 mengalami pemisahan fase pada pengujian cycling test.  Penggunaan tragakan pada konsentrasi 1,5% (F3) dan carbopol pada konsentrasi 1,5% (F8) mampu mempertahankan (p > 0,05) nilai pH dan viskositas sediaan selama penyimpanan. F3 dan F8 memiliki respon daya hambat pertumbuhan C. albicans yang lemah.
Optimization of Oral Thin Film Cetirizine HCI by Response Surface Methodology: Disintegration and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Nining Nining , Amalia Anisa , Rahmatullah Rizki
Published: September 2024

Starch is a natural biopolymer used as a film-forming polymer on oral thin film (OTF). Its solubility can increase by modifying enzymes to form maltodextrin (MDX). Sorghum is a potential plant because it contains relatively high starch, 72.3-75.1%. The concentration of film-forming and plasticizers in OTF will significantly affect its disintegration and mechanical properties. This study aimed to obtain the optimal formula for OTF cetirizine HCl based on MDX-sorghum as a film-forming and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Sorghum starch was enzymatically modified and characterized physically and mechanically. The formula is optimized based on the disintegration and mechanical properties of the film on the contour plot using Central Composite Design (CCD) in RSM. The percentage error between the predicted and actual values in the response validates the suggested model. The results showed that the production of MDX-sorghum was successful with a characteristic value of dextrose equivalent (DE) 6,3±0,13; swelling power of 2.87; solubility of 52.9%; and a yield of 86.71%. Response data from the 14 formulas obtained include disintegration time of 85-172 seconds, elongation 64.86-109.32%, and tensile strength from 1.4 to 3.57 MPa. The optimal formula suggested a concentration of 4.56% MDX-sorghum and 10% triethyl citrate, with desirability of 0.87. The model validation results show an error percentage of <5%, so the suggested model can be accepted.
Entre afeto e raiva: as emoções nas cartas da Baronesa de Piracicaba para Washington Luís
Authors: Kewitz Verena , De Araújo Mariângela
Published: September 2024

Neste artigo, analisamos algumas categorias emocionais em cartas pessoais da 2a Baronesa de Piracicaba a seu genro Washington Luís, datadas de 1900 a 1921, que fazem parte do arquivo privado do titular sob a guarda do Arquivo Público do Estado de São Paulo. As emoções nas 29 cartas que compõem o corpus deste artigo foram analisadas quanto à estrutura composicional, aos temas tratados e às tradições discursivas. Dividimos a análise entre emoções positivas e negativas, ainda que não sejam categorias estanques, por dependerem do contexto em que são expressas. Por fim, relacionamos as escolhas lexicais e sintáticas referentes às emoções às tradições discursivas atreladas às cartas pessoais analisadas.
Notas sobre la temporalidad cíclica y dos artefactos entre los tobas del oeste formoseño y los pilagás
Authors: Gómez Cecilia
Published: September 2024

En el presente trabajo indagaremos sobre la lectura que hacen los tobas del oeste ­ formoseño y los pilagá del Bañado La Estrella sobre dos lapsos temporales cíclicos específicos que se relacionan, de un modo u otro, al espacio celeste. Entre los tobas del oeste formoseño remitiremos al transcurso del día, en tanto que entre los pilagá del bañado la Estrella nos abocaremos a trabajar el ciclo anual. En esta ocasión analizaremos estos períodos temporales atendiendo a las relaciones que se establecen con la cultura material, tanto aquella heredada y relacionada a “los estudios de los antiguos”, como aquellos elementos de la cultura material tomados o impuestos por la sociedad occidental. Por un lado, trabajaremos sobre dos asterismos pilagá que serán tomados en conjunto, Dapichi’, que mayormente es asociado a las Pléyades, y Yaɢayna’di, que es trazado en lo que se conoce como Cinturón de Orión. Estos dos asterismos son representados por un juego de hilo progresante, esto último significa que se comienza con la ejecución de un motivo y se forma otro sin desarmar el primero. Trabajaremos sobre el juego de hilo asociado al nombrado par de asterismos, porque representa dos objetos celestes cuyos cambios y movimientos cíclicos aparentes se asocian con el devenir de un importante ciclo temporal que ritmaba la vida de los pilagá: el ciclo anual. A su vez, este conocimiento forma parte de aquellos saberes transmitidos por los más ancianos y refiere a una de las pocas formas que tenían los “antiguos” de representar asterismos. Por otro lado, indagaremos sobre otra vinculación de un objeto celeste con la materialidad: la relación que se establece entre el sol y el reloj entre los tobas del oeste formoseño, utilizando para el análisis un elemento claramente relacionado a la sociedad envolvente y al que los tobas aprendieron a adaptarse. Sin embargo, tomaron al reloj en sus propios términos. Por lo tanto, parte del conocimiento legado por los más ancianos: “los estudios de los antiguos” puede leerse en la forma que leen y entienden al reloj, sobre todo el reloj analógico.
Tomando en cuenta lo investigado en ambos grupos indígenas, nuestros objetivos últimos son, por un lado, ver cómo las lecturas celestes que remiten al transcurso temporal se relacionan con la materialidad y cómo esta relación va variando y actualizándose según la situación social pero sigue remitiendo a saberes ligados a su forma de entender los ciclos diurnos y anuales.
Advanced Virtual Archaeoastronomy
Authors: Zotti Georg , Neubauer Wolfgang
Published: September 2024

The free and open source desktop planetarium Stellarium is a multi-platform astronomy program that runs on a wide range of computers, from powerful desktop PCs to energy-efficient single-board computers such as the Raspberry Pi 3 and 4. The volunteer develop­ers have finally reached their long-awaited "1.0" milestone, which marks both the com­pletion of accuracy goals for astronomical ephemeris computations and the adaptation of a major update to the underlying programming framework, preparing the program for further development in the coming years.
Stellarium is a graphically detailed astronomy program that is popular with beginner to advanced amateur astronomers and astronomy teachers and students. It can immerse the observer in any location on Earth under the sky of any time in human history after 13,000 BC, surrounded by a landscape panorama that provides a reliable proxy for the real local landscape horizon. This allows the study of views from interesting human-made struc­tures or other locations in relation to features on the horizon and celestial phenomena such as solstitial or lunar extremes. The diurnal tracks for these events and several other objects, as well as some other interesting auxiliary lines, can be easily highlighted using a dedicated program extension (plugin). Another extension even allows a 3D architectural model to be loaded in its surrounding landscape (created from image-based modelling, laser scanning or architectural reconstruction) under the sky of the original period to dis­cover, investigate and demonstrate structural orientations towards astronomical targets and simulate light and shadow phenomena. Multi-phase reconstructions of landscape and architecture can also be visualised using the software's time control, which can control the visibility of model parts.
In cases where the application requires interaction with the three-dimensional reconstruc­tions, such as astronomical observation instruments, Stellarium can be combined with a game engine such as Unity, which provides the necessary building blocks for computer game-like interaction with scene objects, while Stellarium provides the highly accurate sky background and astronomical time control.
The latest developments include a new skylight model that provides a much more realistic simulation of twilight and detailed ephemerides for eclipses provided by new contributors.
Stellarium is also capable of displaying constellations and star names from cultures around the world. This original feature has made it a popular tool for ethnoastronomy studies and outreach, and the Stellarium project welcomes qualified contributions from the community.
Prospects for applying decentralized finance as a growth factor for population welfare in the post-soviet countries
Authors: Turyan Karen
Published: September 2024

The author puts forward the idea that decentralized finance doesn’t act without managerial influence. The management moves from the external circuit to the internal one, there occurs self-ruling and “self-regulation” of the financial system. This indicates the appearance of a new type of financial intermediation—a cyber-social one. The potential of using decentralized finance in post-Soviet countries are formulated the following: freeing up the time of transaction participants due to the autonomy of transactions; a superior degree of information security compared to traditional forms of financial intermediation; financial intermediation cost saving, freeing up human resources; reduction in the speed of transactions; increasing accuracy in contractual relations due to the elimination of the human factor influence; stimulating the development of new business areas expands the competitive environment; information safety due to the constant creation of a large number of backup copies. At the same time, the author identified and substantiated the risks associated with decentralized financial flows, which may have an impact on the well-being of the population of post-Soviet countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the prospects for applying decentralized finance as a growth factor in the well-being of the population in post-Soviet countries.
Bibliometric insights into sustainable educational management practices in Indonesian Islamic universities
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Muslimin Afif Ikhwanul
Published: September 2024

This research delves into sustainable educational management practices within Indonesian Islamic universities, aiming to shed light on the current trends, influential authors, co-authorship patterns, prevalent keywords, primary dissemination venues, gaps, and future research directions in this domain. Employing a bibliometric analysis methodology, data was collected using Lens.org software, encompassing publications from various academic databases to ensure a comprehensive exploration. The study reveals a growing interest in sustainability within Indonesian Islamic universities, emphasizing the need for concerted efforts to promote sustainable development. Key findings include identifying influential authors, prevalent keywords, and primary dissemination venues, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field. Moreover, gaps and future research directions are highlighted, paving the way for further exploration and enhancement of sustainable educational management practices in Indonesian Islamic universities.
The effect of digital leadership in nurturing teachers’ innovation skills for sustainable technology integration mediated by professional learning communities
Authors: Rasdiana Rasdiana , Nurhadi Tami , Ilham Akbar B. Muh. , Salim Fitrah Amalia , Novitasari Anindita Trinura , Cholidah Restu Nur , Susanto Kasihadi , Ma’rifatin Siti , Rawe Nining Sahara H. A. , Paranoan Cindy Annike Chrisan , Sartika Rody Putra , Kadju Maria Dewiyulianti Pida , Habibah Laila Badriyatul
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to examine the impact of digital leadership among school principals and evaluate the mediating effect of Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) on enhancing teachers’ innovation skills for sustainable technology integration, both in traditional classroom settings and e-learning environments. Employing a quantitative approach with a regression design model, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) were utilized in this research. A total of 257 teachers from 7 excellent senior high schools in Makassar city participated in the study, responding to the questionnaires administered. The study findings indicate that while principal digital leadership does not directly influence teachers’ innovation skills in technology integration, it directly impacts Professional Learning Communities (PLCs). Moreover, PLCs themselves have a significant influence on teachers’ innovation skills in technology integration. The structural model presented in this study illustrates a noteworthy impact of principal digital leadership on teachers’ innovation skills for technology integration through Professional Learning Communities (PLCs), with a coefficient value of 47.4%. Principal digital leadership is crucial in enhancing teachers’ innovation skills for sustainable technology integration, primarily by leveraging Professional Learning Communities (PLCs). As a result, principals must prioritize the creation of supportive learning environments and implement programs to foster teachers’ proficiency for sustainable technology integration. Additionally, teachers are encouraged to concentrate on communication, collaboration, and relationship-building with colleagues to exchange insights, address challenges, and devise solutions for integrating technology, thereby contributing to sustained school improvement efforts. Finally, this research provides insights for school leaders, policymakers, and educators, emphasizing the need to leverage PLCs to enhance teaching practices and student outcomes, particularly in sustainable technology integration.
Adaptaciones a la depredación de Carcharodon carcharias: Adaptación fisiológica rete mirabile
Authors: Ponce Pérez Jesús
Published: September 2024

C. carcharias es una especie extraordinaria. De hecho, posee una adaptación fisiológica muy especial que le confiere la capacidad de regular la temperatura interna de sus vísceras. Regula su temperatura mediante un complejo sistema de intercambio de calor “rete mirabile” que funciona gracias a un mecanismo que, por contracorriente, consigue retener el calor generado metabólicamente en lugar de perderlo en el agua ambiental.
Anthropocentric maxims of media discourse
Authors: Мисонжников Б.Я.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию некоторых актуальных аспектов формирования медийного дискурса. С развитием постмодернистских концепций стала утверждаться парадигма логоцентризма, и гуманитарные науки порой начали утрачивать интерес к человеку как объекту исследования. Профессор Г. С. Мельник, занимаясь проблемами медиаантропологии, обращается именно к индивиду, изучает его деятельность и положение в социуме.
REFLECTION OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC IN CHINESE INTERNET MEMS
Authors: Чжэн Ц.
Published: September 2024

В конце 2019 г. разразилась эпидемия коронавируса вкитайском городе Ухане, а затем распространилась по стране и даже по миру. Ситуация с пандемией широко обсуждается в китайском интернет-пространстве, создается множество интернет-мемов на тему коронавируса. Внезапная вспышка эпидемии погрузила жителей Китая в атмосферу напряженности, постоянного беспокойства. Как показали исследования психологического состояния людей, мемы, распространенные в сетевых медиа, оказываются хорошим лекарствомот тревоги. Цель данной статьи – показать потенциал китайских интернет-мемов в реализации рекреативной функции.
Вклад КБГУ в подготовку кадров социальной сферы
Authors: Хубиев Б.Б. , Атабиева З.А.
Published: September 2024

История создания и развития подготовки в Кабардино-Балкарском государственном университете им. Х.М. Бербекова специалистов по социальной работе. Результаты и достижения.
История становления и развития кафедры инфекционных болезней КБГУ
Authors: Ширитова Л.А.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена созданию  и становлению кафедры инфекционных болезней Кабардино-Балкарского государсвтенного университета им. Х.М. Бербекова.
Мой колледж в истории моей страны
Authors: Пшибиева С.В. , Шигалугова С.З. , Жолаева Ф.Б. , Савкуцанов Д.Н.
Published: September 2024

История создания, становления и развития старейшего учебного заведения Кабардино-Балкарской республики - медицинского колледжа Кабардино-Балкарского государственного университета им. Х.М. Бербекова
Медицинский факультет
Authors: Захохов Р.М. , Шомахов А.О. , Ахриев Х.Р.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена истории  становления и развития медицинского образования в Кабардино-Балкарии, открытию медицинского факультета в Кабардино-Балкарском государственном университете, а также современному состоянию подготовки медицинских кадров в республике.
Data-Driven Research on Belt Conveyors Energy Efficiency Classification
Authors: Suchorab-Matuszewska Natalia
Published: September 2024

The issue of energy efficiency in belt conveyors aligns with the current trends of energy saving in mining, driven by sustainable development goals and European legislation. The topic of energy-efficient conveyor transport faces the challenge of objectively assessing the energy efficiency of belt conveyors. The presented article demonstrates an analysis of the energy efficiency of belt conveyors in a lignite open-pit mine. As part of the research, the energy consumption of conveyors operating in a transport system was compared using the parameter of electrical energy consumption and the specific energy consumption (SEC) index, highlighting significant parameters affecting its interpretation. Based on the values of the modified lifting resistance SEC index, and the volume of transported material, observations were divided into groups reflecting energy efficiency classes using a k-means algorithm. The research shows that a proper assessment of the energy efficiency of a belt conveyor should consider the amount of transported mass concerning the maximum capacity, the conveyor’s design parameters, and the working environment characteristics.
A Field-Scale Investigation into the Strategic Location of Air Decks for Improved Blasting Performance
Authors: Saqib Shahab , Usman Qureshi Mohsin , Awais Rashid Hafiz Muhammad , Ali Danish , Rasool Ali Murtaza
Published: September 2024

Airdeck blasting is a promising technique for improved blast efficiency, reducing explosive consumption, and enhancing fragmentation. Nevertheless, it lacks widespread adoption due to design guideline gaps and differing opinions on air deck placement. This study offers technical guidance based on field experiments to optimise air deck blasting. Full-scale blast experiments were conducted at four distinct limestone benches to evaluate the efficacy of air deck implementation. At Bench-1, experiments were performed using conventional blasting (with full-column charge) and air decks at three strategic air deck positions (i.e., top, mid, and bottom) within blast holes at a selected quarry site. For Benches 2 and 3, comparative fragmentation analyses were conducted between conventional blasts and those utilising air decks positioned in the middle of the explosive column. Furthermore, the impact of multiple mid-air decks within explosive columns was also evaluated at Bench-4. A comparison of blast fragmentation results revealed that fragments obtained through the air decking technique surpassed those from the full-column charge, regardless of air deck placement. Among the tested air deck positions, the single air deck positioned at the middle of the explosive column yielded superior fragmentation results than other locations. In addition, this technique showed a reduction in explosive charge, back break, and toe-related issues.
Influence of Thickness of Weak Bedding Planes at Various Positions Within Pillar Height on Strength: a Numerical Modelling Study
Authors: Singh Abhishek Kumar , Ram Sahendra , Kumar Ashok
Published: September 2024

Efficient extraction of coal from an underground mine is mainly done under the protection of different forms of coal pillars. It is observed that the coal seams and its host rock contain different geological discontinuities such as weak beds (bands), which affect the strength of pillars. The weak bed creates weak bedding planes. The available pillar strength formulae are based on the width-to-height ratio, depth of cover, and strength of intact coal, and they do not consider the effects of discontinuities. A numerical simulation study on the quarter symmetry model is carried out to assess the impact of weak beds with their positional variation and thickness. The strength of the pillar without discontinuities estimated through the simulation study was validated with those obtained by the indigenous empirical strength formula. A weak bed of 0.2 m, 0.3 m, 0.4 m, and 0.5 m thick was incorporated into the model within the pillar height at different positions and studied its impact on pillar strength. A simulation study revealed that the presence of a weak bedding plane at different positions in the pillar system reduces the strength of the pillar from 3.50% to 15%. However, it was found that the strength is reduced more in the case of a weak roof-pillar interface.
Sound Insulation of an Acoustic Barrier with Layered Structures of Sonic Crystals – Comparative Studies of Physical and Theoretical Models
Authors: Radosz Jan
Published: September 2024

Recent years have seen a growing interest in the potential for the use of sonic crystals as noise barriers. The frequencies with the highest attenuation can be determined by assuming that an integer number of half wavelengths fits the distance between the scatterers. However, this approach limits the usefulness of sonic crystals as a viable noise barrier technology, as it necessitates a significant increase in the overall crystal size to cover a broader frequency range for noise reduction. Based on developed theoretical models, geometrical assumptions were made for the physical models of the acoustic barrier in terms of the materials used and the dimensions of structural elements. Three physical models were developed to verify the design intent. The method involved measuring the transmission loss (TL) and insertion loss (IL) of the sonic crystal structure and comparing these results with theoretical models. The aim of this work was to perform free-field measurements on a real-sized sample in order to verify the strengths and weaknesses of applying layered structures of sonic crystals based on calculations and measurements. The results of the conducted measurements showed satisfactory noise reduction by the developed physical models for key components of the analysed spectrum. It was also demonstrated that layered structures of sonic crystals can achieve greater noise reduction (up to 3.5 dB) and a wider frequency range of attenuation (up to the range of 2000 Hz–5000 Hz) compared to single-layer structures.
Chemical reaction as a method for the separation of biologically-derived carboxylic acids
Authors: Rukowicz Beata
Published: September 2024

The biotechnological production of organic compounds using renewable carbon sources is an approach consistent with sustainable development and green technologies. The development of these processes requires refinement of both the upstream stage, including the selection of microorganisms and the use of waste raw materials, and the downstream stage. The fermentation broth contains not only the main product but also unreacted substrates and by-products. The paper presents computer simulations that analyse the possibility of using esterification for the separation of lactic acid from acetic acid. The standard distillation approach does not allow for a high degree of separation, but a distillation step is possible for esters of both acids. As a result, high-purity ethyl lactate is obtained and, by introducing a hydrolysis step, pure lactic acid. The issue was analysed using Chemcad software with the UNIFAC thermodynamic model.
Comparative study of reflectivity and pump scheme effects on the efficiency of Tm3+-doped fibre laser at 1.72 μm
Authors: Zaki Mohamed , Abouricha Mostafa , Amrane Said
Published: September 2024

In this study, we revealed the impact of pumping scheme, fibre length, pumping power, and the reflectivity of the output fibre Bragg grating on the performance of a Tm3+-doped fibre laser (TDFL) operating at a wavelength of 1.72 μm. Numerical simulations enabled the optimization of output power and the reduction of losses due to reabsorption, as well as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) around 1820 nm. The Tm3+-doped fibre (TDF) was bi-directionally pumped at 1570 nm to enhance pump absorption. The simulations suggest that a maximum power of 5.96 W at 1.72 μm and a slope efficiency of 64% are achievable using a Tm3+-doped silica fibre with a bi-directional pump of 4 W forward and 6 W backward.
Effect of Ozone Gas on Selected Microbiological, Chemical, Electrical and Organoleptic Properties of Craft Wheat Beers Enriched Japanese Quince Fruit (Chaenomeles L.)
Authors: Gorzelany Józef , Zardzewiały Miłosz , Findura Pavol , Kapusta Ireneusz , Pentoś Katarzyna , Belcar Justyna
Published: September 2024

Japanese quince fruits (Chaenomeles L.) are a valuable source of bioactive compounds, including polyphenolic compounds, vitamins, macro- and microelements. By using Japanese quince fruit, you can fortify wheat beers and influence the qualitative and sensory values as well as the content of bioactive compounds in the finished product. Sensory evaluation showed that wheat beers with the addition of nonozonated Japanese quince fruits were characterized by a balanced taste and aroma (overall impression), but all wheat beers obtained were characterized by high sensory values, and the ozonation process had a positive effect on the microbiological stability of both fruits and beers with the addition of these fruit. Physico-chemical analysis of wheat beers showed that beers enriched with Japanese quince fruit were characterized by high total acidity, respectively: average values of 4.95 (fruit-free) and 6.66 (0.1 M NaOH/100 mL), higher energy value, and, especially beers enriched with ozonated Japanese quince fruit and high total polyphenol content. It was shown that wheat beers enriched with quince fruit contained mainly chlorogenic acid at an average level of 4.35 and 5.42 mg/L (for ozonated and nonozonated fruit, respectively). Electrical properties (impedance and capacity) allowed the differentiation of the analyzed wheat beers. Based on the conducted research, it appears that wheat beers enriched with Japanese quince fruit may constitute a new trend in the brewing industry.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Biscuits Produced from Gluten-Free Amaranth Seed and Tiger Nut Composite Flour
Authors: Ayeni Funmilola Ayobami , Malomo Adekunbi Adetola , Ikujenlola Abiodun Victor
Published: September 2024

This study was carried out to advance the use of indigenous composite flour obtained from amaranth seed and tiger nut in the production of biscuits to increase access to a healthy and sustainable diet. Biscuit was produced from amaranth seed flour substituted with tiger nut flour at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. The functional and pasting properties of the flour samples were determined, the proximate composition was evaluated and selected minerals contents of flour and biscuit samples were also assessed using standard methods. The results showed that the protein, fat, ash and fibre content of amaranth seed flour increased from 13.86%, 4.12%, 1.77% and 1.26% respectively to a range of 13.86 – 16.16%, 4.47 – 5.18%, 2.18 – 2.65% and 2.35 – 3.96% respectively with the addition of tiger nut flour. An increase in protein, fat, ash and fibre was also recorded in the biscuit samples with the increased concentration of tiger nut flour. Flour and biscuits produced from 100% wheat had lower protein, fat and fibre content than 100% amaranth seed flour and the blends. The bulk density and water absorption capacity of 100% amaranth seed flour and the blends were significantly higher than 100% wheat flour. Biscuits produced from amaranth seed flour substituted with tiger nut flour at 50% had the highest content of sodium (202.59 mg/100g) and potassium (299.57 mg/100g). In comparison, 100% wheat biscuit and 100% amaranth biscuit had the highest calcium (186.67 mg/1000g) and iron content (4.13 mg/100g) respectively. The study concluded that amaranth seed and tiger nut flour blends could be utilized to produce high-nutritional quality gluten-free biscuits that will increase access to an affordable healthy and sustainable diet.
The Digital Transformation of European Union Countries before and during COVID-19
Authors: Huňady Ján , Pisár Peter , Khawaja Sarwar , Qureshi Fayyaz Hussain
Published: September 2024

Background

The transformation of business and the economy is a key business problem, and its importance was further heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the increased pressure on enterprises. Hence, the digital readiness of their business will likely determine its future competitiveness in the field. Objectives: The paper addresses the issue of digital readiness for business, with the aim of examining similarities and differences in the digital readiness of European Union countries. The main focus is on identifying the changes during the first two years of the pandemic. Methods/Approach: We conducted a factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis based on selected indicators. The results revealed some significant differences. Results: While the countries that lead in digital readiness remained the same, there were relatively large differences in the classification of other EU countries. Some countries, such as Latvia or Slovenia, significantly improved in many aspects of digital readiness during the pandemic. On the other hand, Bulgaria and Romania are still included in the same cluster, representing an overall low digital readiness. Conclusion: Enterprises in more developed countries also have a higher level of digital readiness. Although COVID-19 had a positive impact on digital readiness in some less developed countries, the impact is only partial, indicating a need for stronger actions to bridge the digital divide at the EU level. These findings provide a hopeful outlook, suggesting that with the right actions, the digital divide in the EU can be effectively bridged.
Impact of green finance and environmental tax on sustainable development: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Le Tran Ha Trang , Nguyen Thi Dieu Chi , Cao Thi Y Nhi , Dang Thi Thuy Hong
Published: September 2024

The worldwide need for environmental preservation and robust economic development has garnered significant interest from scholars and politicians. This study examines the influence of green finance and environmental protection tax on Vietnam’s financial sustainability and the transition towards a green economyas an emerging economy. The study obtained data from the Central Bank of Vietnam and World Bank Indicators covering 2012 to 2022. The authors used the Ordinary Least Squares approach to examine the associations between the variables. The analysis and examination of the data used Stata 19 software. The findings show a favourable correlation between green finance and environmental tax on sustainable development goalswith all control variables. These results have prompted authorities to focus on green finance and environmental issues in the progress towards the country’s green economy and sustainable development.
Collapse of underground galleries in gold-panning mines: Perception of stakeholders in the Doko Sub-Prefecture, Siguiri Prefecture, Republic of Guinea
Authors: Diallo Moussa , Konaté Ahmed Amara , Sidibé Diaka
Published: September 2024

Artisanal gold mining is recognized as a long-standing activity in the Siguiri prefecture in general and the Doko sub-prefecture in particular. Despite its significant contribution to community development, it has disastrous consequences for both the environment and the lives of gold miners. The collapse of underground galleries as a result of gold panning is a phenomenon that plunges families into mourning in gold panning areas in Africa. Unlike other land movements, despite their dangerous nature, there has been almost no scientific interest in limiting the consequences of collapsing underground galleries in goldmines. Working to mitigate their effects is more than a necessity for those involved in gold panning.This study aims to understand the perceptions of those involved in gold panning regarding the conditions of occurrence and the main causes of underground gallery collapses, to formulate recommendations to the authorities and gold miners to minimize the risk of these accidents occurring and their impact. The methodology used was based on semi-structured and structured interviews. The results of this survey show that the human factor is certainly the main cause of accidents (collapse of underground galleries), but the design of structures without taking into account the study of the geomechanical properties of the ground, the weakness of the safety measures put in place, and the lack of involvement of the country’s authorities are not negligible factors. This study identified the causes and consequences of these accidents, as well as the responsibilities of those involved.
Mimetite and polymineralic mimetite-pyromorphite-vanadinite single crystals from the Sowie Mts, Poland
Authors: Szełęg Eligiusz , Janeczek Janusz , Juroszek Rafał , Danila Marta
Published: September 2024

Millimeter-sized crystals of mimetite and pyromorphite, and polymineralic mimetite-pyromorphite-vanadinite crystals occur in quartz-baryte vein within paragneisses of the Sowie Mts, SW Poland. Three morphologically different mimetite crystals and a polymineralic crystal were examined by electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), back-scattered electrons (BSE) imaging, Raman microspectroscopy, and X-ray composition mapping. Mimetite occurs as well-developed crystals, crystals built up of sub-parallel individuals due to autoepitaxial growth, and crystals extensively etched. All of the mimetite crystals are zoned with respect to pyromorphite molecule content with sharp increase up to 23 mol% in the outermost zones. The apparent vanadinite crystal actually consists of oscillatory-zoned pyromorphite + minor vanadinite core, intermediate zones composed of pyromorphite, two mimetite zones intercalated by a band of oscillatory pyromorphite and minor vanadinite, and vanadinite mantle. EPMA data show a limited miscibility between all three minerals in the polymineralic crystal. Most analyzes cluster around 10 mol% of ternary solid solution with the maximum value of ca. 30 mol%. X-ray elemental maps reveal sharp boundaries between compositionally contrasting zones in the crystal core. In mimetite zones, the substitution of As by P does not exceed 0.43 atoms per formula unit (apfu). In the vanadinite mantle, As + P does not exceed 0.30 apfu. The distribution of Pb is uniform throughout the crystal with the highest Ca/Pb ratio of 0.03. The observed sequence of crystallization in the polymineralic crystal can be explained by the relative changes in ions concentrations at the crystal/solution interface, i.e. within the diffusion boundary layer, in accord with the models of the autocatalytic crystal growth. The authors hypothesize that kinetically driven fast growth of the polymineralic crystals resulted in precipitation of discrete mineral phases with very limited anionic substitutions.
Phytochemical composition and antifungal effectiveness of Phoenix dactylifera L. rachis extracts
Authors: Abdelkhalek Ahmed , Abdelwahab Eman A. , Elalem Saad F. , Al-Askar Abdulaziz A. , Kowalczewski Przemysław Ł. , Behiry Said
Published: September 2024

The present study appraised the inhibitory role of ethanol (PDEE) and ethyl acetate (PDEAE) extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. against three molecularly identified fungi: Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, and Rhizoctonia solani. HPLC analysis revealed that gallic acid was the major phenolic compound in both extracts: (PDEE: 1721.90 μg/g) and (PDEAE: 101.53 μg/g). The major flavonoids in PDEE are rutin, kaempferol, and quercetin, whereas PDEAE contains kaempferol, naringenin, and quercetin. The GC-MS showed 11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (26.25%) is the highest compound in PDEE, while diisooctyl phthalate (18.82%) is the most important compound in PDEAE. At 50 μg/mL, the inhibition percentage of PDEAE initiated the highest growth inhibition of F. oxysporum (49.63%) and R. solani (71.43%). Meanwhile, PDEE at 200 μg/mL initiated an inhibition value of 77.78% for B. cinerea. As a result, PDEAE is considered more effective than PDEE in controlling the growth of selected isolates.
Intelligent Models for Prediction of Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Pervious Concrete Hybridized with Agro-Industrial and Construction-Demolition Wastes
Authors: Marathe Shriram , Rodrigues Anisha P
Published: September 2024

In modern civil engineering, precisely predicting the mechanical properties of waste-modified geopolymer concrete is a vital challenge. Machine learning (ML) offers a powerful tool for such predictive analysis. This article presents an experimental and python-based intelligent ML modeling study on a type of geopolymer (GP) pervious concretes developed using agro-industrial waste products. The slag-based composite mixes were developed with the varying dosages of agro-waste, i.e., sugarcane bagasse ash (0 to 20% by weight of slag) and construction and demolition waste in the form of recycled coarse aggregates (0 to 100% by weight of natural aggregates). The aqueous solution of liquid Na2SiO3 and NaOH pellets were used as an alkali activator solution. A total of 13 different mix proportion designs were developed, and for every individual sample mix, the results were obtained from laboratory tests. The ML analysis was carried out to compute the compressive strength by applying following models: Multiple Linear Regression, tuned Gradient Boost, AdaBoost, and XGBoost Regressions. Further, an ensemble technique that combines the predictions from multiple ML algorithms together to make more accurate predictions than any individual model was also developed for a more accurate and robust prediction through the “Voting Regressor” technique. From the analysis of the obtained results, the ML models associated with Ada Boost tuned performed better. As the ensemble voting regressor models were given higher weightage, these regressors gave the best performance metrics, with lower error rate compared to the independent models.
Suicide and Euthanasia in Bioethics: History and Modernity by A. V. Antipov
Authors: Savvina O. V.
Published: September 2024

In his recently published work Suicide and Euthanasia in Bioethics: History and Modernity A. V. Antipov looks into the phenomenon of suicide from a philosophical perspective and utilizes interdisciplinary approach to analyze the perception of suicide in social and health studies. The book opens with the definitions of the main concepts of the work: suicide, assisted suicide, euthanasia, etc. and distinction between them. Then the author investigates the transformation of these concepts over centuries of ethical and philosophical studies to bring the reader to the notion of modern debate around morality of assisted suicide and euthanasia. The concepts are viewed in the context of the notion of freedom as a philosophical category and consider recent data in the medical science, including genetic research findings. Contemplating historical attitudes to suicide the author focuses on Europe from antiquity to the Middle Ages and Modernity: he traces the reasons of making away with oneself shifting from the domain of religious sins to psychiatric disorders. The fourth chapter is devoted to suicide as perceived by the Orthodox church and Christian philosophers, Solovyov, Berdyaev and Dostoevsky. The fifth chapter deals with the modern understanding of the right to die. The controversial issue is not only viewed as a dignified death but is opposed by world health institutions and communities, as well as by the European Court of Human Rights. The chapter specifically focuses on the right to euthanasia granted to children and legally incapable people. Another concept discussed in the chapter is the so-called living will to be carried out in case of the person’s unconsciousness. The last chapter gives a comprehensive understanding of problems of life and death in modern society. The book is worth reading for it combines a scientific historical and philosophical approaches with clear and vivid narration, allowing readers to form their own perception on the everdebatable problem of suicide and euthanasia.
Old Testament Prophets and Shamans: Comparison of the Phenomena (Anthropological Approach)
Authors: Andreev A. V. , Gasymov A. B.
Published: September 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of the phenomena of Old Testament prophets and shamans against five key aspects: their social status, calling, intermediation, fortune-telling and magic, rituals and cosmogony, and gender. Numerous previous attempts to compare Old Testament prophets, shamans and sorcerers were based on the superficial likeness between these phenomena and often were mere descriptions. The key challenge for such a comparison is the choice of sources: Biblical texts were written in prescientific times, and information about shamans was recorded by ethnographers and anthropologists. This study is an attempt to systematize approaches to comparing Biblical prophets with shamans and to conduct an independent comparison of these phenomena. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) to consider the problems inherent in the sources; 2) to clarify the basic concepts characterizing these phenomena, and to substantiate the adopted definitions; 3) to highlight the grounds for comparing the Old Testament prophets and Siberian shamans; 4) to conduct a comparison according to the selected criteria; 5) to establish the similarities and differences. The results of the study are that despite the external similarity of the socio-religious role of prophets and shamans, because of their role in mediation between the human and spirit worlds, they have nothing else in common. Firstly, shamans are integrated into the social architecture of their society (tribal affiliation), and prophets can be both part of the social system or be in opposition; the social status of shamans is higher than that of prophets, since they possessed not only spiritual but also real power. Secondly, the calling of prophets and shamans is different (the former, according to the Bible, are called by God for a specific mission, the latter, according to their experience, are tormented by spirits, forcing them to serve them). Thirdly, unlike prophets, shamans are involved in the sphere of magic and divination, and their actions themselves are inscribed in a certain ritual. Fourthly, the cosmological models of prophets and shamans have nothing in common. Finally, gender diversity among shamans is not only wider than among prophets, but also mobile. In conclusion the authors attempt to find a family resemblance between these phenomena are a crude generalization leading to a number of theoretical misunderstandings.