bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data on antibiotic resistance among indoor microbiome at Meerut, India
Authors:   Zoology Department, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, India, Rani Poonam
Published: August 2022

Microbial dynamics of the domestic environment and their antibiotic-resistant properties have been poorly characterized. We surveyed the microbial community and their antibiotic profiling located in the rural and urban areas of Meerut city, Uttar Pradesh, India. Results show that bacterial community load across all samples had more than 100-fold higher than fungal community (all p<0.05.). Based on population load, the kitchen of both rural (Fungal: 4.16ą1.81 vs Bacteria: 160.5ą27.13) and urban areas (Fungal: 6.2ą1.02 vs Bacteria: 205.46ą30.9) were more contaminated than living rooms (rural area-Fungal: 2.13ą0.74 vs Bacteria: 62.17ą20.68 and urban area- Fungal: 4.75ą1.68 vs Bacteria: 74.88ą7.53). Six bacteria, namely Pseudomonas sps; Citrobacter sps; Bacillus Subtilis; Brevundimonas diminuta; Bacillus megaterium; and Klebsiella pneumonia, showed dominance on all other bacterial and fungal sp hence, only these six bacteria were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test (AST). In AST, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, were resistant to more than three antibiotics. The most sensitive strain for Ciprofloxacin, Streptomycin was Citrobacter sp. However, Pseudomonas sp was found sensitive only to Amoxillin. Brevundimonas diminuta is found most sensitive to all antibiotics. Plasmid profiling of selected bacteria suggests that antibiotic resistance properties arose from plasmids, not genomic ones. These findings give new insights into the local-scale distribution of MDR bacteria in a household environment.
Insights from the p53 induced TIGAR protein 2 in the glycolytic pathway model
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jahoor Alam Mohammad
Published: August 2022

TIGAR is a p53 inducible gene that triggers changes in glycolytic metabolic pathway states. It is known that TIGAR expression lowers the fructose - 2, 6-bisphosphate levels resulting in an inhibition of glycolysis and decrease in intracellular ROS levels. Therefore, it is interesting to document data on p53 induced TIGAR protein 2 in the glycolytic pathway. We describe a two-oscillator model consisting of the p53-Mdm2 network and glycolytic pathway with the TIGAR protein. The numerical simulation of the model shows the suppression of glycolytic oscillation as the level of TIGAR protein increases in agreement with the experimental results reported. Thus, stochastic simulation data helps to understand the realistic behaviour in the pathway.
In vitro anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of Andrographis echioides and Andrographis paniculata
Authors:   Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India, Selvaraj Kaviya
Published: August 2022

Andrographis echioides (L.) is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae. Anti-inflammatory is the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling. Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by free radicals, unstable molecules that the body produces as a reaction to environmental and other pressures. They are sometimes called “free-radical scavengers. Therefore, it is of interest to analyse the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Andrographis echioides and Andrographis paniculata. Protease inhibitor activity was done by bovine serum albumin was added to 100μl of plant sample with increase in concentrations (100-500μg/ml). In vitro antioxidant activity was done by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. 200 μL of 0.1 mM DPPH prepared in methanol was added to 100 μL of the plant extract with increase in concentration. Based on the results from the present study, it can be concluded that A.echioides is found to be a good natural antioxidant source and A. paniculata is found to be a good anti-inflammatory source. However, both the plant A. echioides and A.paniculata have these properties. Data shows that both A. echioides and A. paniculata have potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity which could be due to the presence of bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts.
A review on the therapeutic potential of Banana flower
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospitals, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600100. India, Govindaraj Jayamathi
Published: August 2022

Banana (Musa paradisiaca) flower is rich in phytochemicals and exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer properties etc. The flower extract of banana showed promising therapeutic effects due to the presence of phytochemicals and minerals.
Nemato-toxic analysis of several chopped plant leaves against Meloidogyne incognita affecting tomato In vitro and In pots
Authors:   Section of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India, Ikram Mohd
Published: August 2022

Tomato plant is affected by several pathogens, including root-knot nematodes (RKNs), belonging to the genus Meloidogyne. Meloidogyne incognita is among the most potent pests infecting tomato roots. Therefore, it is of interest to discuss the management of Meloidogyne incognita using selected botanicals such as Cammelina benghalensis, Evolvulus nummularius, Gomphrena celosioides, Lindenbergia indica, Scoparia dulcis and Vernonia cinerea. The second-stage juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita were directly treated with the aqueous extracts of the botanicals at varied concentration ranging from 10-100%. 100% concentration of Lindenbergia indica was found to be the most toxic against the survival of J2s of M. incognita as compared to other concentrations. In vitro tests also showed the maximum inhibition in egg hatching at 100% concentration after seven days in the extract of Lindenbergia indica. Moreover, botanicals significantly reduced the infestations in relation to number of root galls, eggmasses/root and nematode population/250 g soil in pots. The plant treated with Scoparia dulcis leaves showed the highest nematicidal efficacy with maximum reductions in all the pathological parameters as compared to the untreated control. All treatments resulted in increased growth, physiological parameters and decreased pathological parameters of tomato.
Insights from the molecular docking aided interaction analysis of HfQ with small RNAs
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology (DDE), Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625021, Tamilnadu, INDIA, Praveen Rajkumar
Published: August 2022

Hfq, RNA binding protein, is widely found in most of the prokaryotes. It plays a key role in gene regulation by binding with small RNA and facilitates mRNA pairing there by suppress or boost translation according to RNA structures. Interaction between sRNAs and HfQ in Salmonella SL1344 were screened using Co-Immuno Precipitation (HfQ-CoIP) studies earlier. We have formulated an In silico approach, to model the 3D structures of 155 sRNA and studied their interactions with HfQ proteins. We have reported the key interacting PHE42, LEU7, VAL27, PHE39 and PRO21 residues of HfQ binds with many small RNAs. Further mutation of PHE42 in to ALA42 in HfQ leads to loss of sRNA binding efficiency. We have differentiated the interactions in to HfQ binding and non-binding sRNAs, based on Atomic Contact Energy and area. This methodology may be applied generically for functional grouping of small RNAs in any organism.
Genome sequence analysis of nsp15 from SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Patna Women’s College, Patna, 800 001, Bihar, India, Yashvardhini Niti
Published: August 2022

SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), a causative agent of COVID-19 disease created a pandemic situation worldwide. Nsp15 is a uridine specific endoribonuclease encoded by the genome of SARS-CoV-2. It plays important role in processing viral RNA and, thus evades the host immune system. Therefore, it is of interest to identify mutants of nsp15 amongst Asian SARS-CoV-2 isolates, where a total of 1795 mutations, from 7793 sequences of Asia submitted till 31st January 2022, amongst which A231V, H234Y, K109N, K259R and S261A mutations were found frequent. Hence, we report data on the predicted secondary structure of wild type form followed by hydropathy plot, physiochemical properties, Ramachandran plot, B-cell epitopes prediction and protein modeling of wild type and mutant of nsp15 protein. Data shows that nsp15 of SARS-CoV-2 is a pontential candidate for the development of vaccine to control the infections of SARS-CoV-2.
From design to validation of CRISPR/gRNA primers towards genome editing
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi - 110025, India, Jameel Mohd Rizwan
Published: August 2022

CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated system) is used to edit specific genomic sequences with precision and efficacy. There are many online platforms/software for the design of gRNAs and related primers. However, there are concerns in design regarding off-site deletions besides knocking out sequences in the target genes. Nonetheless, a well known robust platform for CRISPR/gRNA primers design is CRISPRdirect. We demonstrate the use of this tool in the design of CRISPR/gRNA primers for soluble starch synthases (SSS) II-1, 2, and 3 genes in the Oryza sativa genome followed by the PCR-mediated amplification of SSS genes with corresponding confirmation towards genome editing having improved phenotype features.
Effect of RFEMR on NSE and MDA levels in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education & Research, Tamaka Kolar, Karnataka, India 563103, Pagadala Pravallika
Published: August 2022

Radiofrequency emitted radiations (RFEMR) from mobile phones are known to produce a stress response because of its effect on hypothalamus. Mobile phones have become an integral part of our lives with increasing usage not only in terms of number of users but also increase in talk time. Therefore, it is of interest to study the effect of mobile phone radiofrequency electromagnetic radiations on NSE and MDA levels in SD rats. Twelve male SD rats of 10-12weeks old, weighing 180-220 grams, were purchased from registered laboratory breeders & housed in a room with 12:12hour’s light-dark cycle with adlibitum amount of food and RO water. Present study showed significant increase in NSE and MDA levels in rats exposed to RFEMR. This study proves that mobile RFEMR causes oxidative stress and oxidative damage in SD rats.
Views on virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic among medical and paramedical students in India
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai- 602 105, India, Francis Yuvaraj Maria
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has made the educational institutions to implement the mandatory virtual learning in medical education. It is undeniable that electronic gadget aided learning have a significant role to play during a pandemic. Both faculty and students are getting accustomed to this ‘New Normalcy’. Therefore, it is of interest to determine the effectiveness and perception of virtual teaching and learning during the COVID 19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 336 medical and 336 paramedical students of both the genders with age group of 17 - 21 years participated. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS software. The shift from class room teaching to virtual learning has led to many health issues among students such as eye strain, anxiety, depression, musculoskeletal problems and obesity. The students also had inadequate time to interact with faculties. Data shows that virtual learning an alternative mode to traditional method during a pandemic.
Challenges and other linked features in promoting open access to bioinformation literature over about 2 decades
Authors:   Biomedical Informatics (P) Limited, 17 Irulan Sandy Annex, Puducherry 607 402, India, Pavithra Senkuttavan
Published: August 2022

Open access to known literature is critical for creating a harmonious society across continents on planet earth. However, this objective is not simple. Therefore, it is of interest to document the challenges and linked features in promoting open access to bioinformation literature over about 2 decades.
Quality of life post oral rehabilitation with complete short arch among South Indian patients
Authors:   Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamilnadu, India, Agarwal Vatika
Published: August 2022

Oral rehabilitation is essential in patients having multiple missing teeth, to restore esthetics and function. However replacement of complete dentition may not be possible in high risk patients or patients of low income group. The concept of SDA can be utilized in such patients to increase affordability and avoid over restoring. The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of the requirement of oral rehabilitation according to age and gender of the individual as well as to compare the quality of life of patients rehabilitated with complete and short dental arches. Case sheets of around 28,000 patients were reviewed from March 2019 to June 2020 out of which 113 patients were undergoing oral rehabilitation. To eliminate bias all patients affected by the disease were included in the study. Epidemiological data of the patient along with their ongoing treatment was collected and tabulated in MS Excel sheet. Amongst the patients 36 patients were selected using simple stratified sampling and patients were asked to report their quality of life on a VAS scale using a quality of life questionnaire. The data was then analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 23. The prevalence of oral rehabilitation in males was 53.98% while in females it was 48.02%. Age group of 41-60 years was found to be most commonly undergoing oral rehabilitation. The most common extent of rehabilitation was 2nd molar - 2nd molar, around 23% patients underwent rehabilitation from 1st molar-1st molar and around 10% patients underwent rehabilitation from 2nd premolar-2nd premolar. Patient satisfaction was greatest in patients with complete arch restoration when compared to short dental arch restoration. Amongst SDA restoration patients rehabilitated till the first molar had greater satisfaction than patients rehabilitated till second premolar. With increase in lifespan the need for oral rehabilitation has increased, however it is not always possible or advised to restore the complete dentition of an individual. The present study helps us understand the prevalence of oral rehabilitation according to the gender and age of the patients as well as use of newer concepts such as SDA in the management of high risk patients. Within the limitations of the present study patient satisfaction was greater in complete arch restoration compared to SDA. Thus it is important to understand the requirements of the patient and rehabilitate accordingly, so as to provide the patient with the best esthetics and function possible.
Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) on oral health
Authors:   Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India, Umapathy Vidhya Rekha
Published: August 2022

The turmeric plant was used in ancient medicine to cure a wide range of diseases, including cough, diabetes, and liver disease. Data shows that the principal chemical component of turmeric, curcumin, has a variety of beneficial effects on the body. Therefore, it is of interest to document data on the therapeutic activities of turmeric, including its extracts and possible medical uses, as well as its oral and dental uses and a safety assessment of those uses. Curcumin, the most pure form of turmeric, has shown promise in dentistry.
Management of tendinopathies among south Indians using collagen II peptide, glucosamine and vitamin C
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Maheshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitkul, Isnapur, Patancheruvu 502307, Telangana, India, Balaji Madarapu
Published: August 2022

Tendinopathy is a multi-factorial, broad spectrum of tendon disorder, characterized by activity-related chronic tendon pain and local tenderness. The point of this study was to assess the adequacy of a nutritional supplement containing Glucosamine, type II collagen and vitamin C on the clinical and auxiliary advancement of tendinopathies. The prospective study was Hospital based randomized control trail comparing the efficacy of collage 2 peptide, glucosamine and vitamin c with placebo in various tendinopathies. All diagnosed patients willing for the treatment attending Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences during period of 2017-2019 were selected with regular follow up of 2nd week, 2nd month & 6 month. The statistics and visualizations of various observations made in the entire study which include a total of 80 patients with various tendinopathies. 60 of them were given collagen 2, glucosamine and vitamin c (cases) and 20 were given placebo (controls). At the end of 6 months almost 90% patients relieved completely of pain. The duration of maximum benefit to reach is almost around 24weeks. These are seen more commonly to affect non-athletes rather than athletes.
Management of tibial shaft fractures with closed intra medullary interlocking nail among Indians
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College and Hospital, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India, Ranganath Kadiri Venkata
Published: August 2022

It is of interest to document data on the well Reamed Intramedullary Nailing in Isolated Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures without Fibular Osteotomy among Indians. 120 patients with isolated tibial diaphyseal fractures were treated with IMIL nail (84 closed fractures, 16 type I open fractures, and 20 type II open fractures) were involved in this study. Research was carried out over a five-and-a-half-year period, from July 2013 to December 2018.According to Johner and Wruh's criteria, good functional findings were achieved in 70% of patients, better operational results in 15%, reasonable functional results in 5%, and poor functional results in 10% of cases after surgery. The percentage of union in the present analysis was 90%. The average time for union was 5 months, with 84 fractures healing before 5 months. Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing reduces length of stay in hospital, lowers the financial load, and promotes early return to work without the need for further surgical treatment such as partial fibular osteotomy.
Evaluation of patterns in mandibular fractures among South Indian patients
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Krishnan Sneha
Published: August 2022

The objective of this study is to evaluate the predicted mandibular fracture pattern among a sample of patients visiting a dental hospital in Chennai, India based on patient demographics. This retrospective analysis involved 46 patients out of which 39 were male and 7 were female who were referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic, Chennai. The medical records and orthopantograms for these 46 patients who received treatment for fractures of the mandible from June 2019- March 2020 were reviewed. Parameters such as age, gender, pattern of distribution, type of mandibular fracture, combination of the fracture and treatment done, were evaluated and assessed by one examiner and reviewed by 2 independent investigators. Data shows that the angle region to be the most common area to be affected (31.67%), accompanied by parasymphyseal region (28.33%), condylar region (13.33%), dento-alveolar region ( 10%), body (8.33%), symphyseal region ( 6.67%) and finally the coronoid region ( 1.67%). Data analysis also revealed that 84.78% of all patients with fractures of the mandible were male and 34.78% of all patients were in the age group of 21-30 years. Most fractures presented with a single fracture site (60.87%), and among combinations of fractures, fractures of parasymphyseal region along with angle region (41.67%) were seen more commonly. Pearson’s Chi Square Test was used to determine the association linking the type of mandibular fracture and treatment modality used and p value was < 0.05, which was considered statistically significant. Thus, the patterns of mandibular fractures delineate a significant occurrence of angle fractures among mandibular fractures, commonly seen along with fractures of parasymphyseal region and occurring with a significant male predilection.
Biography of a scientist with strength, substance, sincerity and service: Late N. Srinivasan (1962-2021)
Authors:   National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS-TIFR), GKVK Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India, Sowdhamini R
Published: August 2022

Late N. Srinivasan belongs to the GN Ramachandran lineage of protein structural analysts. His role in the advancement of the structure based understanding of signal transduction, protein kinase analyses and host-pathogen interactions both developing and using Bioinformatics tools for protein-protein interactions, protein dynamics, remote homology detection and polypeptide stereochemistry is well documented in the literature. Thus, his contribution to the understanding of protein function through structural analysis, using computational models and tools, is exceptional.
Persistence of hepatitis B surface antibody to hepatitis B vaccine among medical college students in Najran University, Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Saudi Arabia, A. Alshehri Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Around 257 to 291 million people worldwide are infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Immunization is one of the most effective ways to combat HBV infection. Saudi Arabia implemented a mandatory hepatitis B immunization program in 1989. This project investigated the levels of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) among medical students in the college of applied medical science at Najran University in December 2020. Students (n=82) were tested for anti-HBs levels using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Anti-HBs levels were the main outcome measures. Results showed that about 81.7% of participants had an insufficient amount of Anti-HBs levels (<10 IU/ L) compared to 18.3 % of participants who had protective levels of anti-HBs (≥10 IU/ L). However, 78.5% of the reactive group was at risk of losing immunity with a level between 12 and 42 IU/ L. Our study also showed an association between the age and the level of anti-HBs. Moreover, male students were at more risk than female students. Our results showed a strong relationship between Blood Groups and Anti-HBs antibody levels. The O+ (with 38.8%) and A+ (with 25.4%) blood groups showed the highest percentage amongst participants who had inadequate protection of anti-HBs (<10 IU/ L). Thus, data helps in our understanding and observations on anti-HBV immunity in individuals twenty years after being vaccinated as a child. According to the findings of our study, a large majority of students had a non-protective anti-HBs titer.
Effect of Beta vulgaris extracts on dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls
Authors:   Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat -384315, India, Mahalakshmi B
Published: August 2022

Dysmenorrhea is painful menstrual periods which are caused by uterine contractions. The ache is commonly felt in the pelvic or lower abdomen around the time menstruation begins. Periods aren't the best time for a woman to feel strong and energized. With all of the blood loss, cramps, and exhaustion, finding enough excitement to get through the day's responsibilities is difficult. Vulgaris Beta Potassium and nitrates, both of which are necessary for blood pressure regulation, are abundant in juice. For energy, only 50ml of beet juice is required. The analysis of data was done by descriptive and inferential statistics. The study identified that 46.66 % had moderate pain, 33.33 % had mild pain and none of them had severe pain for the pre- experimental group. The study result shows that the pre-test mean value for is 5.91 and pre-test SD 0.96. The post-test mean value is 2.86 and post-test SD is 1.04. The mean difference is 3.05. The calculated ‘t’value is 16.85 is higher than the table value 1.67. The study concluded that Beta vulgaris juice found to be effective non-pharmacological measures to reduce dysmenorrheal among adolescent girls.
Molecular docking analysis of phytochemicals with estrogen receptor alpha
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah - 21589, KSA, M Rafeeq Misbahuddin
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer (BC) is linked to estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) positive. Tamoxifen and other estrogen selective modulators have proven to be beneficial in slowing the progression of ER-α BC. However, tamoxifen resistance emerges as a result of long-term treatment and cancer development. Therefore, it is of interest to document data on the molecular docking analysis of phytochemicals targeting with Estrogen Receptor-alpha. The screening of the phytochemicals from the ZINC database (a total of 87133 compounds) against ER-α protein was completed. We show that ZINC69481841 and ZINC95486083bind strongly to ER- with binding energies of 10.47 and 11.88 Kcal/mol, respectively, which were significantly greater than the control compound (−8.32Kcal/mol).ZINC69481841 and ZINC95486083 were found to bind with the key residues (Leu387, Arg394, Glu353, and Thr347) of ER-α protein. Data shows that the lead compounds (ZINC69481841 and ZINC95486083) have an acceptable range of ADMET and drug-likeness properties for further consideration in drug discovery.
Annotated protein network analysis linking oral diseases
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur Rajasthan, India, Sharma Mukesh Kumar
Published: August 2022

Oral cancer is becoming more common, and it threatens to be a serious worldwide medical issue. Hence, it is of interest to elucidate the networks between proteins and biologically active compounds, as well as their functional annotations, and cell signaling pathways. The online STRING software was used to create a molecular genetics interaction network named AZURIN on oral bacterial proteins. We also used the cystoscope software to identify 11 nodes and 16 edges with an average node order of 2.91. Thus, we document data on the interaction of protein networks with other proteins for identifying potential therapeutic drug candidates linked to oral disease.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Activity in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Motl Robert W. , Baird Jessica F.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

People with multiple sclerosis (MS) are living longer but not necessarily better lives, and this portends reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Physical activity (PA) may be a correlate of HRQOL for people with MS. We examined differences in HRQOL and PA between older adults with and without MS to determine whether PA is associated with HRQOL and whether it accounts for group differences in HRQOL.

METHODS

Thirty-one older adults with MS and 30 age- and sex-matched controls without MS completed the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). Data were analyzed using the Baron and Kenny approach for examining PA via the GLTEQ as a mediator of group differences in HRQOL.

RESULTS

The MS group had significantly lower component scores on the SF-36 and the GLTEQ than the control group. The GLTEQ scores were correlated with SF-36 physical component scores (r = 0.52), whereas the correlation with mental component scores (r = 0.23) was small and nonsignificant. Group assignment initially explained 31% of the variance in physical component scores (β = 0.55) and adding GLTEQ to the model accounted for an additional 12% of the variance in physical component scores. Thus, group (β = 0.42) and GLTEQ (β = 0.37) were both significant correlates of physical component scores. The group effect was modestly attenuated with the addition of GLTEQ in step 2 (step 1 β = 0.55; step 2 β = 0.42) and indicated partial rather than full mediation.

CONCLUSIONS

These results provide cross-sectional support for future research examining approaches to increase PA to possibly improve the physical component of HRQOL in older adults with MS.
Methionine by soybean and spiruline and bivalent Iron, Calcium and Manganese as catalysts to alleviate skin rashes and fever in monkeypox: A Case report
Authors: Brzeziński Piotr , Martini Lorenzo , Deraco Franco
Published: August 2022

Monkeypox is invading day after day the entire nations and several programmes have been established to abat this condition.So far from the chance to produce a vaccine, many are the attempts to loose the problem, and it is important to stress that children are more prone to contract the virus (the propagation is monkey-human, human-human and through the metabolytes of the urines in swimming pools or in the seas or oceans). Here the AA propose an experiment employing the natural methionine and the catalysts apt to facilitate the transversion that foresees the enzymatic substitution of isoleucine instead of methionine in the code sequence of the virus itself. So, adding pure natural methionine to the diet of a child who contracted the virus, it has been possible to estimate a lowering of skin symptoms in the volunteer.
Tropical Achilles Tendinopathy: Sea Urchin Spine Injury
Authors: Sanguino Roger A. , Cheng Jennifer , Wyss James F.
Published: August 2022

Sea urchin spine injuries have been reported in the hand and foot, but there are no published cases in the Achilles tendon. We report an unusual case of Achilles tendinopathy secondary to sea urchin spine injury. The patient had Achilles tendon pain that increased over time and was worsened with weightbearing activity. His left ankle plantarflexion was limited by pain. He had received medical care 3 months earlier to remove sea urchin spines after stepping on a long-spined sea urchin. Bedside ultrasound and imaging studies revealed that there were foreign bodies related to sea urchin spines on the surface of the tendon. The patient was given education about proper footwear and activity modification. His symptoms resolved over time, and he avoided surgical intervention.
Heel Spur and Radiotherapy: Case Report and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Piras Antonio , Boldrini Luca , Rinaldi Calogero , Sanfratello Antonella , D’Aviero Andrea , Toscano Angelo , Angileri Tommaso , Spada Massimiliano , Daidone Antonino
Published: August 2022

Heel spur is a chronic inflammatory condition causing pain and other typical symptoms. Therapeutic recommendations include the use of several drug or orthotic/physical therapies, performed alone or in combination. Surgery is usually reserved for refractory conditions. Radiotherapy has been shown to ensure good clinical outcomes in this clinical setting. A systematic review was performed to describe the feasibility and effectiveness of radiotherapy in the treatment of heel spur, evaluating its role in alleviating pain and consequently ensuring a better quality of life. A case report of 45-year-old patient treated for refractary right hindfoot pain was reported. A single fraction of 6 Gy RT was delivered with symptomatic complete response at 2 months observed. A systematic database search was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) guidelines. The systematic review included studies describing heel spur treatment and providing complete information about radiotherapy. Fifteen articles published between 1996 and 2020 were reviewed. Study characteristic analysis resulted in seven prospective randomized studies and eight retrospective studies. Radiotherapy of painful heel spur seems to be safe and effective, with high response rates even at low doses and with an overall favorable toxicity profile. Predictive parameters and modern tailored treatment should be investigated with further studies.
Botulinum neurotoxin accurately separates tonic vs. phasic transmission and reveals heterosynaptic plasticity rules in Drosophila
Authors: Han Yifu , Chien Chun , Goel Pragya , He Kaikai , Pinales Cristian , Buser Christopher , Dickman Dion
Published: August 2022

In developing and mature nervous systems, diverse neuronal subtypes innervate common targets to establish, maintain, and modify neural circuit function. A major challenge towards understanding the structural and functional architecture of neural circuits is to separate these inputs and determine their intrinsic and heterosynaptic relationships. The Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction is a powerful model system to study these questions, where two glutamatergic motor neurons, the strong phasic-like Is and weak tonic-like Ib, co-innervate individual muscle targets to coordinate locomotor behavior. However, complete neurotransmission from each input has never been electrophysiologically separated. We have employed a botulinum neurotoxin, BoNT-C, that eliminates both spontaneous and evoked neurotransmission without perturbing synaptic growth or structure, enabling the first approach that accurately isolates input-specific neurotransmission. Selective expression of BoNT-C in Is or Ib motor neurons disambiguates the functional properties of each input. Importantly, the blended values of Is+Ib neurotransmission can be fully recapitulated by isolated physiology from each input. Finally, selective silencing by BoNT-C does not induce heterosynaptic structural or functional plasticity at the convergent input. Thus, BoNT-C establishes the first approach to accurately separate neurotransmission between tonic vs. phasic neurons and defines heterosynaptic plasticity rules in a powerful model glutamatergic circuit.
Experience-driven rate modulation is reinstated during hippocampal replay
Authors: Tirole Margot , Huelin Gorriz Marta , Takigawa Masahiro , Kukovska Lilia , Bendor Daniel
Published: August 2022

Replay, the sequential reactivation within a neuronal ensemble, is a central hippocampal mechanism postulated to drive memory processing. While both rate and place representations are used by hippocampal place cells to encode behavioral episodes, replay has been largely defined by only the latter – based on the fidelity of sequential activity across neighboring place fields. Here, we show that dorsal CA1 place cells in rats can modulate their firing rate between replay events of two different contexts. This experience-dependent phenomenon mirrors the same pattern of rate modulation observed during behavior and can be used independently from place information within replay sequences to discriminate between contexts. Our results reveal the existence of two complementary neural representations available for memory processes.
Achalasia
Authors: Park Kwangbeom , Jung Kee Wook
Published: August 2022

Achalasia is characterized by peristaltic failure and incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. The incidence and prevalence of achalasia increase with age, although achalasia can affect all age groups. The pathophysiology of achalasia involves the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus of the esophagus. Its main symptoms include dysphagia, chest pain, regurgitation, and weight loss. The method of diagnosing achalasia has evolved from conventional manometry in the 1970s to high-resolution manometry in the 2010s. High-resolution manometry based on spatiotemporal plots can diagnose achalasia more precisely than conventional manometry. Moreover, novel parameters such as integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) (according to the Chicago classification) have increased diagnostic accuracy. However, cases of achalasia presenting with normal IRP have been reported. Therefore, the novel Chicago classification version 4.0 has adopted additional tests. These tests include the stress test for esophageal motor disorders, timed barium esophagography, and test using a functional lumen imaging probe that measures the distensibility of the esophagogastric junction. Achalasia was previously treated using surgical myotomy, balloon dilation, and botulinum toxin injection. However, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has recently become the mainstay treatment. POEM has a higher clinical success rate and a lower complication rate than surgical myotomy. Esophageal cancer and pulmonary conditions such as aspiration pneumonia are possible complications of achalasia. In this review, the current knowledge regarding achalasia together with novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are discussed.
A user satisfaction model for mobile government services: a literature review
Authors: Desmal Abdulla Jaafar , Hamid Suraya , Othman Mohd Khalit , Zolait Ali
Published: August 2022

User satisfaction is essential for the success of an organisation. With the development of government service delivery through mobile platforms, a compatible measurement model must be found to measure user satisfaction with performing such services through a mobile government portal. Measuring user satisfaction with mobile government services is necessary nowadays due to the increasing popularity of smart devices. Research on mGovernment users’ satisfaction is lacking, leading to difficulties in understanding users’ expectations. In the present study, systematic literature reviews have been used to analyze users’ satisfaction with mGovernment portals and propose a comprehensive model compatible with such contexts. The results show that government agencies can evaluate users’ satisfaction using the proposed model of six quality constructs: usability, interaction, consistency, information, accessibility, and privacy and security. The study recommends improving the evaluation strategies of mGovernment portals regularly to ensure they fit with challenges. Measuring user satisfaction at mGovernment services encourages the user to perform the transactions through such online platforms, increasing the digitalization process and reducing the cost and efforts for both the service provider and end-users.
Complications Following Early and Delayed Ileostomy Closure: An Interventional Study
Authors: Mondal Uttam , Kar Arkadeb , Majumdar Sandip
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Ileostomy is used frequently now-a-days for various surgical conditions. Patients with ileostomies face several problems like physiological, psychological and social problems. Moreover, a stoma can also lead to different complications. Surgeries for reversal of stomas can also lead to different complications, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Aim: To find significant differences, if any, in morbidity and mortality between patients of early and delayed ileostomy closure. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, 100 patients were recruited into two groups of i.e., 40 in early ileostomy closure group and 60 in the delayed ileostomy closure group. Their baseline characteristics were compared to find out the comparability between the two groups. The patients were followed-up over a period of time to find out complications such as skin excoriation, wound dehiscence, wound infection, anastomotic leakage, faecal fistula etc. Student’s t-test was applied for continuous variables and for discrete variables, Chi-square test was applied to find out whether there was any statistically significant difference between the two groups. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of total 40 patients, in the early closure group 5 (12.5%) of patients closure group developed skin excoriation, whereas 10 (25%) developed wound infection and 10% of the patients developed incisional hernia. Skin excoriation amongst delayed closure group was noticed in 21 (35%), wound infection in 6 (10%) and Incisional hernia in 1 (1.7%) patient. Skin excoriation was significantly less among early closure group with an OR of 0.27 (0.09-0.78). Duration of stay in the hospital was significantly less among the early closure group (24.92±5.12) days compared to the delayed closure group (41.43±12.29) days (p<0.001). One patient expired due to sepsis after on 13th postoperative day, who was in the delayed closure group. Conclusion: Skin excoriation was significantly less amongst the patients of the early ileostomy group. Hence, early ileostomy closure can reduce the complications of ileostomy and the duration of carrying the ileostomy.
Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Sinonasal Mucormycosis in Pre COVID-19 Era from a Tertiary Care Centre in Uttarakhand: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Agarwal Vinish Kumar , Bist Sampan Singh , Modi Sagar , Kumar Lovneesh , Luthra Mahima , Dhasmana Gunjan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Sinonasal mucormycosis is an invasive fungal rhinosinusitis which rapidly involves orbits and brain either by direct extension or angioinvasion. Uncontrolled diabetics and immunocompromised patients are prone for this invasive fungal infection. The rapidity of severity of symptoms and morbidity of this invasive fungal infection warrant earliest diagnosis and appropriate management. This research work will be helpful in comparing sinonasal mucormycosis in Coronavirus Disease- 2019 (COVID-19) patients as all cases in present study were not associated with COVID-19 infection. Aim: To observe presenting features and estimate morbidity of mucormycosis patients in tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional retroprospective study was conducted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology of a tertiary teaching hospital from July 2018 to March 2020. Total 25 sinonasal mucormycosis patients who underwent endoscopic debridement along with amphotericin B were included in this study. Patient was analysed regarding age, gender, chief complains, accompanying co-morbidity, extension of disease, medical treatment, surgical intervention and final outcome. Statistical analysis was done in the form of mean, mode, median and percentage wherever required. Results: Total 14 (56%) patients were male and 11 (44%) patients were female with median age of 48 years. Total 13 (52 %) patients had facial pain or headache while 13 (52%) had facial or orbital swelling followed by nasal symptoms in 5 (20%), vision loss in 4 (16%) and ptosis in 3 (12%) cases. Twenty four (96%) of cases were having uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Only 3 (12%) had limited sinonasal disease while 22 (88%) had fungal invasion in orbit. Total 7 (28%) patients had intracranial extension. Out of 25 patients, 4 (16%) expired, 7 (28%) had permanent vision loss and 12 (48%) recovered completely and 2 (8%) left hospital against medical advice. Conclusion: Present study concluded that mucormycosis is strongly associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Most common presenting features were facial pain, headache and facial orbital swelling. Only half of the patients recovered with minimal morbidity. Mortality is associated with intracranial extension of mucormycosis. Early diagnosis, extensive and timely endoscopic debridement and appropriate use of amphotericin B is key for treatment of black fungus.
The Stomach Full of Hair-Trichobezoar
Authors: Yelamanchi Raghav , Manda Gayathri Dharma Teja , Chukka Gautam Kumar , Dokania Manoj
Published: August 2022

Trichobezoars are rare masses of hair resulting from hair plucking (trichotillomania) and hair eating (trichophagia). Few of the hair may also be carried by peristalsis into the duodenum. This condition is known as Rapunzel syndrome. Complications include gastric perforation, small bowel obstruction and pancreatitis. Here the authors present a case of 20-year old female patient who presented with complaints of abdominal pain, early satiety and non-bilious vomiting. On examination, there was a swelling of size 10×5 cm predominantly in the epigastric and umbilical regions. Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) of the abdomen revealed a grossly dilated stomach with a heterogeneous mass in the lumen obstructing the pylorus. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of trichobezoar. Trichobezoar was removed by laparotomy and the patient had an uneventful recovery. Treatment is mainly laparotomy and minimally invasive methods can be used for small lesions with limited success rate. Psychiatric consultation is a must in all cases.
Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Features of Non Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension caused due to Non Cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis and Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kakade Sachin Dinesh , Pandith Manasa , Kotian Vidyashree
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Non Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension (NCPH) encompasses a wide range of disorders that are characterised by increased portal pressure with the absence of cirrhosis of liver. The disorders are classified anatomically based on the site of blood flow obstruction into prehepatic, hepatic and posthepatic causes. These numerous and variable aetiological factors and the lack of standardised diagnostic criteria, makes NCPH under-recognised both clinically and pathologically and often being falsely labelled as cryptogenic cirrhosis. Therefore, it is important for radiologists to be aware of the imaging features that constitute NCPH for its early recognition, so that appropriate management can be carried out. Aim: To assess the distinct ultrasound and Computed Tomography (CT) features of the two main causes of NCPH: Non Cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis (NCPF) and Extrahepatic Portal Venous Obstruction (EHPVO). Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included all radiologically diagnosed cases of NCPH who underwent ultrasound and CT examination at the Institution between June 2020-June 2021. A total of 10 patients met the inclusion criteria. The various imaging features of NCPF and EHPVO were analysed and tabulated. Results: The study showed male predominance with males and females being seven and three, respectively. The mean age of the patients in the study was 35.1 years. The common cause in both NCPF and EHPVO was idiopathic. The most characteristic imaging finding in EHPVO was cavernous transformation of the portal vein seen in all cases and that in NCPF being dilatation of the spleno-portal axis and mural thickening of the main portal vein seen in all the cases. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the characteristic imaging features of NCPF and EHPVO which are leading cause of NCPH, facilitating radiologist to identify the conditions and not label cases with Portal Hypertension (PHT) as cryptogenic cirrhosis.