bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicians’ perspectives and perceived barriers to caring for patients with alcohol use disorder and cirrhosis
Authors: Johnson Emily , Ghosh Sumantra Monty , Daniels Vijay John , Wild T. Cameron , Tandon Puneeta , Hyde Ashley
Published: February 2022

Background

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the leading etiologies for liver cirrhosis and liver transplantation. Few individuals with AUD receive guideline-based care in the form of screening, brief intervention, referral to treatment, or prescription of pharmacotherapy for relapse prevention. We interviewed clinicians across Alberta to assess the current experience and perceived barriers to managing AUD in people who have cirrhosis. The aim of this paper is to summarize these findings to inform the development of an educational intervention.

Methods

We used a qualitative descriptive approach to explore the experiences of clinicians who care for patients with cirrhosis and AUD in Alberta. We conducted semi-structured interviews directed by an interview guide. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. We used an inductive thematic analysis approach whereby transcripts were coded, with codes grouped into larger categories, then themes.

Results

Sixteen clinicians participated in this study. Many participants acknowledged that they do not use a standardized approach to screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment. Through thematic analysis we identified four themes surrounding barriers to managing AUD in patients with cirrhosis: (i) Practicing within knowledge constraints, (ii) Navigating limited resources and system challenges, (iii) Balancing the complexity of cirrhosis and AUD, and (iv) Acknowledging the influence of provider perceptions on care.

Conclusion

This article presents the perspectives of clinicians who care for people who have AUD and cirrhosis. Significant barriers exist, including limited knowledge and resources, systemic challenges, and patient complexity. The information gathered will be used to develop an educational intervention that will delve deeper into these issues in order to have the greatest impact on clinicians who routinely interface with this patient population.
EEG/ERP evidence of possible hyperexcitability in older adults with elevated beta-amyloid
Authors: Devos Hannes , Gustafson Kathleen , Liao Ke , Ahmadnezhad Pedram , Estes Bradley , Martin Laura E. , Mahnken Jonathan D. , Brooks William M. , Burns Jeffrey M.
Published: February 2022

Background

Although growing evidence links beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neuronal hyperexcitability in preclinical mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a similar association in humans is yet to be established. The first aim of the study was to determine the association between elevated Aβ (Aβ+) and cognitive processes measured by the P3 event-related potential (ERP) in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. The second aim was to compare the event-related power between CNAβ+ and CNAβ−.

Methods

Seventeen CNAβ+ participants (age: 73 ± 5, 11 females, Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score 26 ± 2) and 17 CNAβ- participants group-matched for age, sex, and MOCA completed a working memory task (n-back with n = 0, 1, 2) test while wearing a 256-channel electro-encephalography net. P3 peak amplitude and latency of the target, nontarget and task difference effect (nontarget−target), and event-related power in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, extracted from Fz, Cz, and Pz, were compared between groups using linear mixed models. P3 amplitude of the task difference effect at Fz and event-related power in the delta band were considered main outcomes. Correlations of mean Aβ standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) using positron emission tomography with P3 amplitude and latency of the task difference effect were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient r.

Results

The P3 peak amplitude of the task difference effect at Fz was lower in the CNAβ+ group (P = 0.048). Similarly, power was lower in the delta band for nontargets at Fz in the CNAβ+ participants (P = 0.04). The CNAβ+ participants also demonstrated higher theta and alpha power in channels at Cz and Pz, but no changes in P3 ERP. Strong correlations were found between the mean Aβ SUVR and the latency of the 1-back (r =  − 0.69; P = 0.003) and 2-back (r =  − 0.69; P = 0.004) of the task difference effect at channel Fz in the CNAβ+ group.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that the elevated amyloid in cognitively normal older adults is associated with neuronal hyperexcitability. The decreased P3 task difference likely reflects early impairments in working memory processes. Further research is warranted to determine the validity of ERP in predicting clinical, neurobiological, and functional manifestations of AD.
Nonfarm activity and market participation by farmers in Ghana
Authors: Nkegbe Paul Kwame , Araar Abdelkrim , Abu Benjamin Musah , Alhassan Hamdiyah , Ustarz Yazidu , Setsoafia Edinam Dope , Abdul-Wahab Shamsia
Published: February 2022

This paper examines the relationship between participation in nonfarm activity and participation in markets by farm households in Ghana. The study used data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey Round 6 and employed the endogenous switching probit model which accounts for selection bias from observed and unobserved factors. The results reveal that infrastructural variables such as roads, means of transport, markets and banks are important determinants of nonfarm work engagement and participation in crop market. We also find a positive and significant effect of nonfarm work participation on the probability of selling crops. The conclusion is that farmers’ engagement in nonfarm activities boosts decisions to enter crop markets in Ghana. The results of the study imply that for agricultural development in Ghana and other countries with similar characteristics, agricultural policies should incorporate strategies that enhance opportunities in the nonfarm sector as that will translate to enhanced producer market participation.
Drivers of gut microbiome variation within and between groups of a wild Malagasy primate
Authors: Rudolph Katja , Schneider Dominik , Fichtel Claudia , Daniel Rolf , Heistermann Michael , Kappeler Peter M.
Published: February 2022

Background

Various aspects of sociality can benefit individuals’ health. The host social environment and its relative contributions to the host-microbiome relationship have emerged as key topics in microbial research. Yet, understanding the mechanisms that lead to structural variation in the social microbiome, the collective microbial metacommunity of an animal’s social network, remains difficult since multiple processes operate simultaneously within and among animal social networks. Here, we examined the potential drivers of the convergence of the gut microbiome on multiple scales among and within seven neighbouring groups of wild Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi) — a folivorous primate of Madagascar.

Results

Over four field seasons, we collected 519 faecal samples of 41 animals and determined gut communities via 16S and 18S rRNA gene amplicon analyses. First, we examined whether group members share more similar gut microbiota and if diet, home range overlap, or habitat similarity drive between-group variation in gut communities, accounting for seasonality. Next, we examined within-group variation in gut microbiota by examining the potential effects of social contact rates, male rank, and maternal relatedness. To explore the host intrinsic effects on the gut community structure, we investigated age, sex, faecal glucocorticoid metabolites, and female reproductive state. We found that group members share more similar gut microbiota and differ in alpha diversity, while none of the environmental predictors explained the patterns of between-group variation. Maternal relatedness played an important role in within-group microbial homogeneity and may also explain why adult group members shared the least similar gut microbiota. Also, dominant males differed in their bacterial composition from their group mates, which might be driven by rank-related differences in physiology and scent-marking behaviours. Links to sex, female reproductive state, or faecal glucocorticoid metabolites were not detected.

Conclusions

Environmental factors define the general set-up of population-specific gut microbiota, but intrinsic and social factors have a stronger impact on gut microbiome variation in this primate species.
Concurrent effects of Martian topography on the thermosphere and ionosphere at high northern latitudes
Authors: Chen Yiding , Liu Libo , Le Huijun , Zhang Hui , Zhang Ruilong
Published: February 2022

Martian topography modulated non-migrating tides play important roles in the upper atmosphere and thus in the ionosphere through their coupling, especially in their longitude variations. In this study, the neutral scale height (Hn) and ionospheric peak electron density (NmM2) and height (hmM2) retrieved from the MGS radio occultation measurements were used to investigate the coupling between the Martian thermosphere and ionosphere under the forcing of topography modulated tides by investigating their concurrent longitude variations. A segment of the measurements with fixed local time was selected to analyze the relationships between the longitude variations of the parameters in detail. Longitude variations of the thermosphere and ionosphere are significant though topographic fluctuations are not very prominent at high northern latitudes. Longitude fluctuations of Hn and NmM2 are nearly in anti-phase and percentage fluctuation amplitudes of Hn are nearly twice as large as those of NmM2, which indicate the non-migrating tide forced coupling between the ionosphere and thermosphere conforms to the Chapman theory, and suggests longitude variation of NmM2 can be used as a quantitative indicator for that of the thermal structure in the lower thermosphere. Longitude variation phases of Hn and hmM2 are also discrepant. That is due to tide vertical propagation since Hn and hmM2 depend on the atmospheric thermal structures at different height levels. The thermosphere and ionosphere show longitude variations due to the topography; however, they are dominated by inconsistent longitude components. This implies discrepant exciting and propagating efficiencies of various topography modulated tides.

Graphical Abstract
Mathematical modelling of mantle convection at a high Rayleigh number with variable viscosity and viscous dissipation
Authors: Islam Sumaiya B. , Shefa Suraiya A. , Khaleque Tania S.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the classical Rayleigh–Bénard convection model is considered and solved numerically for extremely large viscosity variations (i.e., up to $$10^{30}$$

10
30

) across the mantle at a high Rayleigh number. The Arrhenius form of viscosity is defined as a cut-off viscosity function. The effects of viscosity variation and viscous dissipation on convection with temperature-dependent viscosity and also temperature- and pressure-dependent viscosity are shown through the figures of temperature profiles and streamline contours. The values of Nusselt number and root mean square velocity indicate that the convection becomes significantly weak as viscosity variation and viscous dissipation are increased at a fixed pressure dependence parameter.
Crack and pull-off dynamics of adhesive, viscoelastic solids
Authors: Müser Martin H. , Persson Bo N. J.
Published: February 2022

When quickly detaching an elastomer from a counterface, viscoelasticity dramatically increases the perceived adhesion relative to its adiabatic or equilibrium value. Here, we report simulations on the sticking contact between a rigid cylinder and a viscoelastic half space revealing a maximum in the work of separation at intermediate pull-off velocities. Maximum tensile forces yet increase monotonically with the pull-off speed and the crack tip speed in accordance with the Persson-Brener approach. As predicted theoretically, the fracture mode transitions from interfacial crack propagation to quasi-uniform bond breaking with increasing range of adhesion.
Flavorful vector-like leptons and the lepton-flavor-violating decays Z → lilj
Authors: Li Dong Wan , Yue Chong Xing , Wang Yue Qi , Sun Xiao Chen
Published: February 2022

The singlet and doublet VLS models are one kind of interesting new physics scenarios, which predict the existence of the SU(2)
L
singlet and doublet vector-like leptons (VLLs), respectively. Taking into account the constraints on these VLS models, we investigate their contributions to the LFV decays

. Our numerical results show that, for the singlet VLS model, the values of the branching ratios

and

can be larger than

in a wide range of the parameter space, which might be detected by CEPC/FCC-ee in the near future.
Black Somatics
Authors: Myers Shaun
Published: February 2022

This essay traces how a range of black cultural producers in the post–civil rights era represent and contest the transhistorical phenomenon I term imperative time, the dominant construction of time within racial capitalism as a demand or pressure exerted on black life. More specifically, I examine how imperative time constrains black mobility and comportment. I study Misha Green’s television series Lovecraft Country (2020) and James Alan McPherson’s essay “The Express” (2003) for their restagings of how Jim Crow imperatives continue to govern black movement beyond the time and terrain of segregation. I then analyze how McPherson’s short story “A Solo Song: For Doc” (1968) and Rankine’s prose poem Citizen (2014) and video-essay “Situation 5” (ca. 2011) figure black countermoves challenging the post–civil rights imperative to embody black progress. Through somatic acts of idleness, motive energy, and pointlessness, these cultural representations buck the demands of imperative temporalities. Studying how black movement sets the clock and calendar otherwise, this essay offers ways to rethink black chronology—not as accretive sequences but as oscillating, irresolute transits of time.
Gamma distribution model of diffusion MRI for evaluating the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status of glioblastomas
Authors: Takase Hanae , Togao Osamu , Kikuchi Kazufumi , Hata Nobuhiro , Hatae Ryusuke , Chikui Toru , Tokumori Kenji , Kami Yukiko , Kuga Daisuke , Sangatsuda Yuhei , Mizoguchi Masahiro , Hiwatashi Akio , Ishigami Kousei
Published: February 2022

Objective:

To determine whether the γ distribution (GD) model of diffusion MRI is useful in the evaluation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status of glioblastomas.

Methods:

12 patients with IDH-mutant glioblastomas and 54 patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastomas were imaged with diffusion-weighted imaging using 13 b-values from 0 to 1000 s/mm2. The shape parameter (κ) and scale parameter (θ) were obtained with the GD model. Fractions of three different areas under the probability density function curve (f1, f2, f3) were defined as follows: f1, diffusion coefficient (D) < 1.0×10−3 mm2/s; f2, D > 1.0×10−3 and <3.0×10−3 mm2/s; f3, D > 3.0 × 10−3 mm2/s. The GD model-derived parameters measured in gadolinium-enhancing lesions were compared between the IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype groups. Receiver operating curve analyses were performed to assess the parameters' diagnostic performances.

Results:

The IDH-mutant group’s f1 (0.474  ±  0.143) was significantly larger than the IDH-wildtype group’s (0.347  ±  0.122, p = 0.0024). The IDH-mutant group’s f2 (0.417  ±  0.131) was significantly smaller than the IDH-wildtype group’s (0.504  ±  0.126, p = 0.036). The IDH-mutant group’s f3 (0.109  ±  0.060) was significantly smaller than the IDH-wildtype group’s (0.149  ±  0.063, p = 0.0466). The f1 showed the best diagnostic performance among the GD model-derived parameters with the area under the curve value of 0.753.

Conclusion:

The GD model could well describe the pathological features of IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype glioblastomas, and was useful in the differentiation of these tumors.

Advances in knowledge:

Diffusion MRI based on the γ distribution model could well describe the pathological features of IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype glioblastomas, and its use enabled the significant differentiation of these tumors. The γ distribution model may contribute to the non-invasive identification of the IDH mutation status based on histological viewpoint.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound features predict the prognosis of percutaneous microwave ablation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Liang Ping , Yu Jie , Yao Jun-dong , Fan Fang-ying , Yu Xiaoling , Cheng Zhi-gang , Han Zhi-yu , Liu Fang-yi , Dou Jian-ping
Published: February 2022

Objective

To evaluate the prognostic effect of pre-operative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features on intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA).

Methods:

A total of ICC 29 patients (average age 56.34 ± 9.78 years old, 33~75 years old) underwent MWA from March 2012 to December 2020, with a total of 58 lesions (0.5–8.1 cm, mean diameter, 2.68 ± 1.59 cm), and their pre-operative CEUS images and clinical data were collected and reviewed. Survival rate, local progression rate, intra- and extrahepatic metastasis rate were evaluated. Uni- and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the prognostic factors affecting the survival of ICC patients with pre-operative CEUS features.

Results:

The median follow-up time after MWA was 18.43 months (4.17–93.13 months). 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 64.4%, 48.1% and 48.1%; 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 36-, 48-, and 60-month local progress and extrahepatic metastasis rates were 0.0%, 4.0%, 17.7%, 17.7%, 17.7%, 17.7%, 17.7% and 3.4%, 21.5%, 32.7%, 45.6%, 55.2%, 55.2% and 77.6%, respectively. Uni- and multivariate analysis showed that post-operative extrahepatic metastasis was an important factor for long-term survival of ICC patients after MWA (p = 0.006, 0.01), and Rim-enhancement feature of pre-operative CEUS was identified as an independent predictor of post-operative extrahepatic metastasis and long-term survival (p = 0.02, 0.02).

Conclusion

Rim-enhancement feature of pre-operative CEUS is a predictor high post-operative extrahepatic metastasis and poor prognosis through distant microvascular metastasis after MWA of ICC patients.

Advances in knowledge:

This study determined the important CEUS features of ICC and analyzed their impact on the prognosis of ICC patients after MWA, providing scientific guidance for better clinical treatment in the future.
Impact of freeze-thaw cytoablation on aqueous outflow patterns in ex vivo anterior chamber perfusion cultures and whole eyes
Authors: Verma-Fuehring Raoul , Dakroub Mohamad , Strzalkowska Alicja , Strzalkowski Piotr , Han Hong , Hillenkamp Jost , Loewen Nils A.
Published: February 2022

Background: Porcine eyes have been widely used as ex vivo models in glaucoma research, as they share similar features with human eyes. Freeze-thawing is a non-invasive technique that has been used to obliterate living cells in anterior segment ex vivo cultures, to prepare them for further research such as cellular repopulation. This technique has previously been shown to reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP) in porcine eyes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether freeze-thaw cytoablation causes corresponding canalogram outflow changes in perfused anterior segment cultures (AFT) and whole porcine eyes (WFT). We hypothesized that the known IOP drop in AFT after trabecular meshwork ablation by freeze-thaw would be accompanied by a similarly large change in the distal outflow pattern.

Methods: Two-dye (fluorescein and Texas red) reperfusion canalograms were used to compare the outflow time before and after two -80°C cycles of freeze-thaw. We assigned 28 freshly enucleated porcine eyes to four groups: perfused anterior segment dye controls (ACO, n = 6), perfused whole eye dye controls (WCO, n = 6), freeze-thaw treated anterior segment cultures (AFT, n = 10), and freeze-thaw treated whole eyes (WFT, n = 6).

Results: In control groups ACO and WCO, the two different dyes had similar filling times. In AFT, the outflow pattern and filling times were unchanged. In WFT, the temporal superior quadrant filled more slowly (p = 0.042) while all others remained unchanged. The qualitative appearance of distal outflow spaces was altered only in some eyes.

Conclusions: Freeze-thaw cytoablation caused neither loss nor leakage of distal outflow structures. Surprisingly, the loss of an intact trabecular meshwork over the entire circumference did not result in a general acceleration of quadrant outflow times. The results validate freeze-thawing as a method to generate an extracellular matrix without major structural changes.
Case Report: Recurrent retinal vein occlusion as the first clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a male patient
Authors: Ben Brahim Marwa , Arfa Sondes , Boubaker Fadia , Chelly Jihen , Ammari Wafa , Hammami Sonia , Arbi Fatma , Berriche Olfa
Published: February 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune disease characterized by widespread clinical manifestations and immunological disorders. A myriad of ocular manifestations can be seen in patients with SLE. The most vision-threatening complication is vaso-occlusive retinopathy including retinal vein occlusion (RVO). RVO associated with SLE is well described in the literature and its association with antiphospholipid antibodies is recognized. However, RVO as the initial manifestation of SLE is scarcely reported.

Herein, we report the first case of recurrent RVO as the revealing manifestation of SLE in a 40-year-old male patient. He had two consecutive episodes of decreased vision. Ophthalmologic examination disclosed a branch retinal vein occlusion the first time and a central retinal vein occlusion the second time. The diagnosis of SLE was established based on clinical and immunological criteria. He was prescribed antiplatelet therapy, hydroxychloroquine at 5.5 mg/kg/day, and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies regimen. He slowly improved under treatment.
Factors related to depression in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in two coastal regions of Peru: An analytical cross-sectional study
Authors: Quispe Sáenz Elena de Jesús , Salvador-Carrillo José Fernando , Rivera-Lozada Oriana , Bonilla-Asalde César Antonio
Published: February 2022

Background: Mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and their aggravation have been studied extensively in the general population. However, there are few studies on depression in older adults and the few existing results may be contradictory, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with depression in older adults in two coastal regions of Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This study uses an analytical cross-sectional design in a population of older adults, who participated in a non-governmental ambulatory social support program in Callao and Ica, two coastal regions of Peru. We administered an on-site structured questionnaire to record sociodemographic data, the Geriatric Depression Scale by Yesavage to measure depression, and the Barthel Index to assess physical function. In order to determine cognitive impairment as an exclusion criterion, the MEC-30 was used. The association between variables was assessed through contingency tables, using the odds ratio (OR) with its corresponding confidence interval (95% CI) and the X2 test. Finally, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results: Out of the 244 older adults surveyed, 39% had depressive symptoms, of which 28.3% (n=69) and 10.7% (n=26) were moderately and severely depressive, respectively. The findings significantly associated with the presence of depressive symptoms were being 76 years old or older [p=0.005, OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.29-4.20], not participating in weekly recreational activities [p=0.004, OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.31-3.99] and the presence of comorbidities [p=0.026, OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.07-3.29].

Conclusion: There are few studies exploring depression in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic; this research shows the importance of mental health care in this population and, particularly, of those who are 76 or older because they suffer from comorbid conditions and have interrupted recreational activities.
Assessment of serum testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone levels in female patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: Nguyen Phu Cuong , Nguyen Hoang Van , Vu Van Tien , Pham Van Tran , Tran Dang Quyet , Nguyen Thanh Tung
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit with differential pathogenesis. To elucidate the roles of hormones in acne pathogenesis, we conducted a study to evaluate the serum testosterone, estradiol, progesterone levels in women with acne vulgaris.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study, and 175 women with acne vulgaris were examined; their serum estradiol, progesterone, testosterone were analyzed by chemiluminescence technique and compared with the healthy control group.

Results: Increased serum hormone levels in women with acne vulgaris were accounted for 29.7%, and hyperandrogenism was accounted for 16.0% of cases. We found significant differences in testosterone levels (mean value, 55.67±25.56 versus 38.37±10.16 ng/dL, p<0.05) respectively in the acne group and the control group. However, the estradiol level of the acne group (323.15±93.31 pmol/L) was lower than the control group (370.94±58.88 pmol/L) with p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found for progesterone (0.60±0.38 versus 0.50±0.15 ng/mL, p>0.05) levels. Moreover, we did not find the relationship between serum hormone levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.

Conclusion: This study showed that the female acne vulgaris patients may have high serum testosterone levels and low serum estradiol levels compared with those of female controls. However, hormone alterations had no correlation with the acne grades.
Nacionalismo e confederalismo democrático no Curdistão: a disputa pelo movimento curdo através do caso do distrito de Shingal | Nationalism and democratic confederalism in Kurdistan: The dispute for the kurdish movement in the Shingal district
Authors: Campos Pedro Olavo Carregosa
Published: February 2022

Este artigo apresenta um breve panorama da atual disputa pela liderança do movimento nacional curdo entre o KDP iraquiano e o PKK de origem turca, um histórico das organizações, suas profundas diferenças ideológicas e um apresenta como a disputa que se dá no distrito de Shingal ilustra o maior conflito interno da política curda. Palavras-chave: Curdos; Nacionalismo; confederalismo democrático. ABSTRACTThis article presents a brief overview of the current dispute for the leadership of the Kurdish national movement between the Iraqi KDP and the Turkish PKK, a history of the organizations, their deep ideological differences and one presents how the dispute that takes place in the Shingal district illustrates the the greatest internal conflict in Kurdish politics. Keywords: Kurds; Nationalism; democratic confederalism. Recebido em: 30 mai. 2021 | Aceito em: 18 out. 2021.
Positive psychology pioneers: Professor Martin Seligman's power and potential to influence mental health nursing
Authors: Macfarlane Jan
Published: February 2022

This article introduces a series that will celebrate the work of positive psychologists and discuss how their work has the power and potential to influence mental health nursing practice. The series will provide a historical perspective of early psychologists, their contributions and the continued importance of recognising current positive psychologists, as they also revive and regenerate understanding of the study of the individual. The first paper in the series focuses on the work of Professor Martin Seligman and his interest in optimism and positivity. He is regarded by many as ’the father of positive psychology’.
Planned activities: love them or hate them
Authors: Marycz Adam
Published: February 2022

Whilst many aspects of early years have evolved significantly in recent years, there still seems to be a focus for some on pre-planned activities, often with a closed learning goal. Why?
Life cycles – Metamorphosis Magic
Authors: White Hilary
Published: February 2022

The life cycle changes that many creatures pass through seem little short of magical, and are fascinating for young children to explore.
The Driving Forces Influencing General Well-being in Tehran
Authors:   Urban Planning Department, Imam Khomeini International University Buin Zahra Higher Education, Iran, Maroofi Sakineh , Valibeigi Mojtaba ,   Urban Planning Department, Imam Khomeini International University Buin Zahra Higher Education, Iran, Safari Neda ,   Master of Regional and Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Guilan University, Sereshti Maryam ,   Master of Regional and Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Guilan University
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT How can we qualitatively determine social and physical indicators that have the potential to predict general well-being in Tehran, Iran? This article implements qualitative methodologies including content analysis and interviews to identify these features. The article studies the existing literature, projects and research on urban well-being and determines its social-physical components. Based on interviews with seventeen experts of urban life quality in Iran and a cross-impact matrix and cross-section analysis formed from this data, three key factors for improving general welfare in Tehran are identified: better urban land use planning, improving access and transportation networks, and creating variety and attractive leisure opportunities. Keywords: Environmental quality, General well-being, Iran, Quality of urban life, Social quality, Tehran
Upgrading the Measurement of Membrane Hydraulic Conductivity and the Osmotically Inactive Volume of Protoplasts for Evaluating the Freshness of Postharvest Leafy Vegetables
Authors: Kuroki Shinichiro , Tanaka Mai , Itoh Hiromichi , Nakano Kohei , Sotome Itaru
Published: February 2022

Highlights

A method to simultaneously determine membrane water permeability (Lp) and nonosmotic volume (Vb) is proposed.

The proposed method revealed that Vb was neither proportional nor constant to the protoplast size.

Individually determined Vb improved accurate estimation of Lp.

During storage, Lp increased and Vb decreased in spinach leaves, which may well indicate produce freshness.

Abstract. Membrane water permeability is of great importance to better understand the mechanism of water loss; however, its correct understanding and measurement is still an issue. We proposed and tested the efficacy of a numerical analytic approach for the simultaneous determination of the hydraulic conductivity (Lp) and relative osmotically inactive volume (b) of protoplasts isolated from spinach mesophyll tissue. The new approach revealed that the osmotically inactive volume was neither proportional nor constant to the protoplast size and differed for each protoplast. Usage of individually determined b for the computation provided the best fitting performance for determining the Lp, whereas collective b decreased the accuracy of regression and resulted in the underestimation of Lp. Our approach also has the advantage of a shorter period of hyperosmotic challenge, and as such, is suitable for observing fragile protoplasts. We found a gradual reduction in b and a linear increase in Lp during four days of storage at 20°C, likely due to degradation of internal components and dysfunction of the cell membrane, respectively. We also discuss the potential need to consider tissue specificity and possible damage by protoplast isolation to conduct shelf-life research of leafy vegetables. Keywords: Mesophyll protoplast, Nonosmotic volume, Numerical determination, Spinacia oleracea, Water loss, Water permeability.
A novel innovative technique in the management of bilateral critical limb ischaemia: delayed saphenous vein autologous graft
Authors: Math N , Hegazi S , Richards T , Kommu S , Senaratne J
Published: February 2022

A 31-year-old man with primary oxalosis and resultant polyneuropathy presented with worsening leg pain. He was found to have bilateral superficial femoral artery dissections with a non-viable left leg and critically ischaemic right leg. He underwent emergency left above-knee amputation with harvesting of the full-length ipsilateral great saphenous vein (GSV). In a novel technique, the vein was stored for 10 days before being used as conduit in a femoral–popliteal bypass in the contralateral leg. The success of the delayed GSV autograft means the salvage of clinically viable veins in non-viable limbs should be considered when patients present with bilateral acute or critically ischaemic limbs.
AVALIAÇÃO DA COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DO VINHO ARTESANAL DE PEDRA BRANCA, ATRAVÉS DE ANÁLISES INSTRUMENTAIS
Authors: Oliveira Juliana dos Santos
Published: February 2022

Vinho de qualidade é aquele que possui bom equilíbrio entre suas características organolépticas e analíticas (GUERRA, 2004). Vários fatores interferem na qualidade do vinho, requerendo que alguns cuidados sejam observados, tanto no vinhedo como na vinícola: a variedade da uva, a forma como as parreiras são plantadas, os elementos químicos usados na adubação e fertilização do solo, as condições climáticas, as leveduras usadas (PERIERA, RIBEIRO, 2008; GARRIDO, 2010). Além Disso, uma produção de vinhos de qualidade requer também a utilização de metodologias laboratoriais adequadas. O fabricante que faz uso de práticas enológicas ilícitas obtém uma vantagem competitiva injusta e lesa o consumidor, que não recebe o produto com as características que lhe foram declaradas (INMETRO, 2007).O mercado brasileiro é composto por um grande contingente de consumidores com baixo poder aquisitivo, para os quais a decisão em tomar vinho ou outra bebida é fortemente influenciada pelo preço. Esta circunstância, aliada às condições climáticas que dificultam o cultivo de uvas finas, favorece o setor de vinhos comuns ou de mesa. Estes representam mais de 80% do volume total de vinhos produzidos no país (BARNABÉ, VENTURINI FILHO, BOLINI apud CAMARGO, 2003).O Rio Grande do Sul destaca-se entre os demais estados brasileiros pela quantidade de uva produzida que se destina a produção de vinhos. Neste estado são obtidos vinhos de mesa tintos e brancos, ambos bem aceitos pelo consumidor brasileiro (RIZZON, 1987). Porém atualmente numa região que engloba os municípios de Lagoa Grande, Santa Maria da Boa Vista e Petrolina, em Pernambuco e Bahia, cerca de 30 mil pessoas vivem da viticultura, e é a única região do mundo a produzir três safras.A partir do desejo dos moradores da comunidade de Pedra Branca teve inicio o diálogo entre a Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) e o Povoado de Pedra Branca que resultou no projeto interdisciplinar intitulado Associativismo e Empoderamento Social: Desenvolvimento Autossustentável da Comunidade de Pedra Branca, Santa Terezinha, Bahia. Através de reuniões realizadas entre a equipe de professores interessada em contribuir para o desenvolvimento autossustentável da comunidade com alguns moradores membros da Associação Comunitária Rural de Pedra Branca foi possível identificar potencialidades existentes na região, entre as quais está a produção artesanal de vinho. O estudo analítico dos vinhos de uma determinada região é indispensável para estabelecer relações entre sua qualidade, estado de conservação, aspecto geral, origem quanto ao solo, clima, cultivar, traços culturais e tecnologia de elaboração.O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a tendência da qualidade dos vinhos de mesa produzidos no município de Santa Terezinha/BA no que diz respeito ao atendimento da legislação brasileira pertinente em vigor.
ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE E COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DE FRUTOS SILVESTRES DO ESTADO DA BAHIA DA ESPÉCIES Myrcia rostrata E Gomidesia sp
Authors: Reis Vanessa da Rocha Silva
Published: February 2022

A procura da população por um estilo de vida “mais saudável” tem direcionado pesquisas envolvendo moléculas bioativas, com a perspectiva de aproveitamento de matérias primas não convencionais que possam atender à demanda crescente da indústria e do comércio, através de formulações de produtos e suplementos alimentares mais naturais (PUPO, 2007).O estado da Bahia é uma região de reconhecida diversidade biológica, com diferentes biomas entre os quais se encontram a Mata Atlântica, Cerrado e Caatinga (ROSA, 2012). Neste cenário é importante citar a presença de espécies nativas, como as da família Myrtaceae, que possui um grande potencial de consumo tanto alimentício quanto farmacológico. As espécies Myrcia rostrata e Gomidesia sp, ainda pouco estudadas, possuem frutos com coloração do vermelho ao roxo, indicando a presença de antocianinas (CARVALHO, 2003). As antocianinas são pigmentos encontrados em orgãos vegetais como frutos, que além de promover colorações intensas (vermelho, azul, violeta), atuam na proteção contra radiação, herbivoria e patógenos (GOULD, 2004). Esta capacidade protetora nos vegetais confere também propriedades biológicas de importância para a população, como a atividade antioxidante.O estresse oxidativo e seus efeitos adversos à saúde humana estão relacionados a crescente exposição do organismo a fatores exógenos (como consumo de álcool, tabagismo, exposição à radiação não ionizante, dentre outros) e endógenos (como estresse emocional), levando ao aumento na formação de radicais livres (LI; ZHOU; HAN, 2006; LIOCHEV, 2013). Este desequilíbrio aparentemente está associado a doenças como câncer, problemas cardiovasculares e desordens inflamatórias, além de estar relacionado ao envelhecimento precoce, justificando assim a busca de agentes antioxidantes que possam auxiliar na prevenção (SILVA et al., 2010). Neste sentido o presente trabalho objetivou agregar valor a um fruto comestível não convencional amplamente encontrado em regiões da Bahia, através do estudo da sua atividade antioxidante.
EDIÇÃO DOS TEXTOS DE EULÁLIO MOTTA PUBLICADOS NOS JORNAIS O LIDADOR, O SERRINHENSE, VANGUARDA E GAZETA DO POVO
Authors: Santiago Iago Gusmão
Published: February 2022

O projeto Edição das obras inéditas de Eulálio Motta visa à edição de sete obras inéditas do autor Eulálio de Miranda Motta (1907-1988), a partir das fontes preservadas em seu acervo pessoal. Segundo Barreiros (2009; 2012; 2013), uma destas obras consiste em um projeto de publicação, no qual o escritor pretendia reunir todos os seus textos jornalísticos. Ele chegou a esboçar possíveis títulos e índices dos textos e escreveu para editores discutindo acerca dessa publicação.
PERDA DENTÁRIA E USO DE PRÓTESES EM ADULTOS DE 35 A 44 ANOS
Authors: Almeida Santos Christian
Published: February 2022

Na estruturação histórica da prática odontológica, era tradicional a utilização da extração dentária para extinguir um sintoma da doença, restabelecendo a normalidade, que seria o fato de não sentir dor, todavia, instalava a anormalidade, que se expressa pelo fato da perda de dentes1. A perda dentária é um importante indicador de saúde bucal, por demonstrar a falta de cuidado no campo odontológico, resultante do aumento do nível de gravidade da doença, do modelo de atenção à saúde bucal adotado e do modo que a doença é entendida.
AVALIAÇÃO HISTOLÓGICA DA FIBROSE TECIDUAL EM DEFEITOS ÓSSEOS EM CALVÁRIA DE RATOS TRATADOS COM LASER DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE
Authors: Pereira Oliveira Girlane
Published: February 2022

O tecido ósseo é um dos mais resistentes e rígidos do corpo humano, constituídode tecido conjuntivo especializado. Quando ocorre a perda de um tecido, o organismoreage no intuito de substituí-lo de forma a assemelhar-se ao máximo com o tecidooriginal. (OLIVEIRA, et al, 2003). O processo de neoformação decorrente dos defeitosósseos pode apresentar dois tipos de resultados: regeneração e cicatrização. Enquanto naregeneração o reparo ocorre por um tecido idêntico ao tecido original preexistente, acicatrização é caracterizada pelo reparo da ferida por um tipo de tecido diferentedaquele originalmente perdido, no que diz respeito à morfologia e função (Carvalho etal.,2004).
PERFIL DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES QUE APRESENTARAM DETERIORAÇÃO CLÍNICA EM UM CONTEXTO HOSPITALAR PEDIÁTRICO DO MUNICÍPIO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA – BA
Authors: Costa da Silva Sena Jéssica
Published: February 2022

A deterioração clínica pediátrica consiste no comprometimento da estabilidade hemodinâmica da criança, a partir de uma manifestação progressiva de sinais de gravidade, que pode resultar em internamento, aumento da morbidade, incapacidade, disfunção múltipla e morte, geralmente sustentada por fatores contextuais e variações na prática clínica (JONES, et al. 2013; PADILLA; MAYO, 2018).
DISFUNÇÃO SEXUAL EM MULHERES PORTADORAS DE DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Rios Lima Deiró Nathane
Published: February 2022

A sexualidade é influenciada pela família, sociedade, crenças religiosas, e se altera com idade, estado de saúde e experiências pessoais. A disfunção sexual (DS) feminina é definida por uma mudança em qualquer um dos estágios do ciclo de resposta sexual ou distúrbios dolorosos associados ao ato sexual, tendo impacto na qualidade de vida. É de caráter multifatorial, sendo que fatores orgânicos, emocionais e sociais podem promover distúrbios do desejo, libido, excitação, dor ou desconforto, inibição de orgasmo e insatisfação (ASLAN, 2009; LIGHTNER, 2002; AMATO, 2006).
Ensaios in vitro de ação inibitória das culturas de bactérias láticas sobre linhagens de Candida ssp. causadoras da candidíase
Authors: Da Silva Bruno Pinto
Published: February 2022

A Candida albicans é um fungo dimórfico que é conhecido pela sua forma leveduriforme no estado saprofítico, ou seja, que obtém seus nutrientes a partir da matéria orgânica, e que está associado com a colonização assintomática; ou em formas filamentosas observadas em situações de processos patológicos sob algumas condições de crescimento subótimas, nesse fungo pode acontecer formação de clamidósporos (esporos arredondados que possuem uma espessa parede celular) (BAREDO, SGARBI, 2010).
AVALIAÇÃO DE CARACTERÍSTICAS DE FRUTOS DE HÍBRIDOS DE PHYSALIS ANGULATA
Authors: Dos Santos Batista Edgar
Published: February 2022

A fruticultura brasileira está crescendo bastante nos últimos anos, principalmente por conta do início do cultivo das plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANCs), que por sua vez são pouco exploradas. Carambola, canistel, maná, mirtilo, lichia, abiu, romã, fisális, dentre outras, são alguns exemplos de frutíferas pouco exploradas (WATANABE; OLIVEIRA, 2014).
INFLUÊNCIA DO SOMBREAMENTO POR MALHAS COLORIDAS NO CRESCIMENTO E EFICIÊNCIA FOTOSSINTÉTICA DA PHYSALIS ANGULATA
Authors: Santos de Jesus Gabriel
Published: February 2022

Historicamente as plantas são comumente utilizadas pela população para fins terapêuticos e alimentícios, contudo poucas têm múltiplas funções como ocorre com espécies do gênero Physalis (Solanaceae). No Brasil, a espécie de maior ocorrência do gênero é a Physalis angulata (LORENZI, 2000). O potencial medicinal da P. angulata é atribuído a sua composição fitoquímica onde se podem encontrar flavonoides, alcaloides e diferentes esteroides, destacando-se as fisalinas (LORENZI; MATOS, 2002; TOMASSINI et al., 2000).
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MÉTODO ANALÍTICO PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE VANÁDIO EM ÁGUAS NATURAIS
Authors: Martins Dias Albert
Published: February 2022

A contaminação por vanádio tem sua principal ocorrência no solo, o que afeta todo oecossistema, sendo ele um poluente na mesma classe do mercúrio, chumbo e arsênio. Osníveis de poluição por vanádio tem crescido rapidamente devido a ações antropogênicaspor atividades de mineração, queima de combustíveis fósseis, refino petroquímico e etc.(YANG e YU, 2018 apud. WISAWAPIPAT e KRETZSCHMAR, 2017). Dentre os riscosà saúde decorrentes do vanádio é importante citar lesões morfológicas e funcionais nosrins, fígado, baço, ossos e leucócitos (YANG e YU, 2018 apud. TIAN et al.,2014).
MAPEAMENTO DOS GEOSSÍTIOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE ITAETÊ, INSERIDOS EM REGIÃO POTENCIAL A GEOPARQUE
Authors: Da Silva Ericka Medeiros
Published: February 2022

Os elementos da geodiversidade, tais como a geologia, geomorfologia e pedologia são peças-chave para entender a evolução da terra e da vida. Quando inventariados e dotados de valores científicos e/ou turístico e/ou educativo, e bem delimitados geograficamente, são consagrados como geossítios (BRILHA, 2012). Definir uma rede local de geossítios, com limites definidos, apresentando estratégias de geoconservação, desenvolvimento sustentável e multidisciplinar da região, dialogando com a (s) comunidade (s) locais e boa estrutura de gestão, viabiliza a implantação de um Geoparque.
AVALIAÇÃO DAS MODIFICAÇÕES DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO URBANO: O CASO DO CONJUNTO FEIRA VI
Authors: Araújo Figueredo Sayonara
Published: February 2022

A cidade passa a existir com uma relação de sociedade entre as pessoas e elementos que a constitua principalmente a política e o Estado, então ela muda quando a sociedade muda, por isso a cidade se torna um importante elemento histórico, pois nela podem ficar marcados no espaço os diversos momentos de organização de uma sociedade. A cidade é uma produção e reprodução da sociedade para ela mesma. (ROCHA, 2016).
Relação entre motivação e aprendizagem: o que pensam os alunos do curso de Engenharia de Computação da UEFS
Authors: Da Silva Peixoto Vanessa
Published: February 2022

O sucesso na área acadêmica, como em qualquer outra área, está relacionado com a motivação. Entretanto, são muitos os fatores que podem desencadear essa motivação: pessoais, sociais, familiares, econômicos. A motivação é, segundo alguns autores, (PINTRICH, 2003; BORUCHOVITCH, 2008; LOURENÇO, PAIVA, 2010; WEINSTEIN, ACEE, JUNG, 2011), um processo fundamental para o sucesso da aprendizagem significativa. Esta variável implica diretamente na qualidade do engajamento e no desempenho do aluno.
Do invisível ao visível para História da educação, Laura Ribeiro Lopes 1953/ 1959
Authors: Cerqueira dos Santos Francine
Published: February 2022

O trabalho propôs-se a investigar o livro publicado por Laura Ribeiro Lopes em 1959, A geografia de Feira de Santana, embora a leitura de todas as quatros obras foram lidas de modo a consolidar o conhecimento e facilitar análise dos matérias feitos esta protagonista do ensino da geografia feirense, como sujeito que teve as experiências de normalista, escritora e professora – tendo sido a primeira pesquisadora da geografia feirense a escrever sobre o campo.
GÊNERO E ESCRAVIDÃO NOS CADERNOS DO PROMOTOR. BAHIA. SÉCULO XVII
Authors: De Araújo Santos Taciane
Published: February 2022

A Inquisição Portuguesa ou Santo Ofício foi institucionalizada em 23 de maio de 1536, com a decisão do Papa Paulo III, durante o reinado de D. João ( 1521-1557), com o intuito de combater as heresias e punir quem realizava práticas judaizantes, mas, os rol de delitos do Santo Oficio não param por aí, sendo divididos entre delitos sobre comportamento e moralidade como bigamia, sodomia, solicitação, nefando, feitiçaria, e os delitos contra a fé como judaísmo, protestantismo, proposições heréticas, desacatos, e tudo aquilo que não fosse condizente com os ensinamos Cristão Católicos.
BOAS PRÁTICAS DE FABRICAÇÃO E ECONOMIA POPULAR E SOLIDÁRIA: O CASO DAS CANTINAS SOLIDÁRIAS DA UEFS
Authors: Santos Wesley Freire
Published: February 2022

Entre 2007 e 2014, foram notificados ao Ministério da Saúde 450 surtos de Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTA) e causadas pela bactéria do gênero Salmonella spp. no total, 13.165 pessoas adoeceram.
Elaboração dos metadados do Livro do Gado do Sobrado do Brejo (séculos XVIII e XIX): uma documentação escrita por três mãos
Authors: Santos de Lima Aracele
Published: February 2022

Apresenta-se aqui a elaboração dos metadados do Livro do Gado do Brejo do Campo Seco (séculos XVIII e XIX). Os metadados reúnem informações diversas, sobre dados do documento: autor, conteúdo, destinatário, local, data do documento, referência, fonte, gênero do autor, gênero do documento; e dados do processamento: revisão final da edição XML, primeira revisão da edição XML, edição semidiplomática, revisão da edição semidiplomática, edição XML, número de palavras.