bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Consumption Analysis of High-Speed Trains under Real Vehicle Test Conditions
Authors: Zhang Qing , Yu Hongjun , Su Xin , Li Yao
Published: May 2022

The study collected statistics on the actual operation of national railway electric multiple units (EMUs) and compared the energy consumption of different EMU models at different speed levels. An important method for studying the relationship between speed and energy consumption of EMUs has been constructed based on group method of data handling to reflect how the energy consumption of different EMU models changes with speed. The energy consumption of CRH2 and CRH380A EMUs on flat and sloping lines was compared. Moreover, the start-up energy consumption of CRH2 and CRH380A EMUs was compared. The effect of the number of stops of CRH2 and CRH3 EMUs on energy consumption was analyzed. Furthermore, an idea for improving the general expression and calculation methods of traction energy consumption of EMUs was proposed. Finally, suggestions on the construction of a traction energy consumption information system were provided, and the selection of different high-speed EMU models and the reasonable determination of the operating speed were discussed.
Comparative Study on Characteristics of Urban Road Network in Station Catchment Area between China and Other Countries for Station-City Integration
Authors: Dai Yi-Zheng , Zhang Chen-Yang
Published: May 2022

The urban road network is one of the most important factors affecting urban traffic operation in station catchment areas, as well as the main factor in station-city integration. China’s high-speed railway has developed rapidly, and station catchment areas encompassed by station-city integration have emerged as city planning and urban design aims. However, the differences in urban road network characteristics in the station catchment area between China and other countries have not been adequately researched yet. Considering 20 station catchment areas encompassed by the station-city integration as examples, this study analyzes the intersection quantity and network density in station catchment areas to compare the characteristics of urban road networks in China with those in Europe, North America, and Japan. Combined with the square block model calculation, we found the following. (1) The network density in non-China cases is concentrated in 16–22 km/km2. The Honkong West Kowloon Station and Shapingba Station approach this range, while the Shanghai Hongqiao Station and Hangzhou East Station feature considerably lower values than this range. (2) The intersection quantity in non-China cases is concentrated in 225 pcs/km2. Except for that of the Honkong West Kowloon Station, the values for the Shapingba Station, Shanghai Hongqiao Station, and Hangzhou West Station are lower than this range. (3) Developing small-scale blocks by gridding has an optimal effect on station catchment areas within the side-length range of 47.1–97.5 m. (4) The current situation of the entire urban road network and the specifications for the design codes of the road network exhibit a certain correlation with the road network characteristics of the station catchment areas.
Research on Spatial Agglomeration Characteristics of Aerospace Cultural and Creative Industries in Smart City under Multidata Fusion
Authors: Yuan Yilei , Li Yuhui
Published: May 2022

Cultural and creative industries have the characteristics of spatial agglomeration. They not only show the situation of “local concentration and overall dispersion” as a whole but also have the function of self-strengthening development. In order to improve the service capacity of tTitan aerospace cultural and creative industry space, the park provides high availability and wide bandwidth physical outgoing lines, optimizes the private cloud computing capacity of the park, and improves the high availability performance of the network under the large business mode of the park. Finally, it is found that the increase of/in occupancy rate, GDP, and total service revenue of the park have been improved. In this paper, starting with the current situation of China’s population and the current situation of Fantian business combined with information technology, space aggregation was carried out to build an aviation business park by high-tech means, so that they can attract more talents with high knowledge and high R&D ability to move in and drive the economic development at that time.
Towards Enhancing the Capability of IoT Applications by Utilizing Cloud Computing Concept
Authors: Khan Habib Ullah , Ali Farhad , Alshehri Yasser , Nazir Shah
Published: May 2022

The emergence of smart and innovative applications in diverse domains has inspired our lives by presenting many state-of-the art applications ranging from offline to smart online systems, smart communication system to tracking systems, and many others. The availability of smart internet enabled systems has made the world as a global village where people can collaborate, communicate, and share information in secure and timely manner. Innovation in information technology focuses on investigating characteristics that make it easier for the people to accept and distribute innovative IT-based processes or products. To provide elastic services and resource the Internet service provider developed cloud computing to support maximal number of users. Cloud computing is a subscription paradigm in which users do not buy various resources permanently, but they purchase it with block chain-driven payment schemes (credit cards). A flexible, on-demand, and dynamically scalable computer infrastructure is offered by cloud providers to its clients on charging some amount of subscription. This research article provides an introduction of cloud computing and the integration of IoT concept, its impacts on crowd and organizations, provision of various services, and analyzing and selecting the appropriate features using probability distribution function for enhancing cloud-based IoT capabilities. In ambiguous and complex situations, decision makers use quantitative techniques combined with traditional approaches to select the appropriate one among a group of features. Probability distribution function is used to evaluate the appropriate features that will enhance the capabilities of cloud-based IoT application.
Optimization of English Classroom Quality Evaluation Model with AHP
Authors: Yang Shuang
Published: May 2022

This work takes English classroom quality as the research object. Improving the quality of English classrooms is not only an unavoidable requirement for the current curriculum reform’s deepening and development, but also a necessary development trend of the evaluation system reform, and the call of the majority of classroom teaching position. The country invested financial, labor, and material resources, and students have also invested a lot of study time, but the English classroom effect is not satisfactory. The main issue is a lack of adequate evaluation of the teaching process as well as a scientific, fair, and practical technique for assessing classroom quality. This work combines AHP and BP networks to propose a method (AHP-IGA-BP) for evaluating the quality of English classrooms. The content of this work is as follows: (1) A hierarchical model and index system for English classroom quality evaluation based on AHP are constructed. Through the process of constructing a judgment matrix, single-level ranking, consistency check, and total-level ranking, the complete English classroom quality evaluation index weight is finally obtained, which realizes the transformation of subjective information into data with specific weight. (2) combine the original data with the aforementioned index weight data produced using AHP, as well as the neural network’s learning and training samples. Build a BP network structure to effectively evaluate the quality of English classrooms. (3) The BP network is optimized based on the improved GA algorithm.
Diagnosis of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Using a Pruned CNN Model
Authors: Saravagi Deepika , Agrawal Shweta , Saravagi Manisha , Rahman Md Habibur
Published: May 2022

Convolutional neural network (CNN) models have made tremendous progress in the medical domain in recent years. The application of the CNN model is restricted due to a huge number of redundant and unnecessary parameters. In this paper, the weight and unit pruning strategy are used to reduce the complexity of the CNN model so that it can be used on small devices for the diagnosis of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Experimental results reveal that by removing 90% of network load, the unit pruning strategy outperforms weight pruning while achieving 94.12% accuracy. Thus, only 30% (around 850532 out of 3955102) and 10% (around 251512 out of 3955102) of the parameters from each layer contribute to the outcome during weight and neuron pruning, respectively. The proposed pruned model had achieved higher accuracy as compared to the prior model suggested for lumbar spondylolisthesis diagnosis.
KGF-2 Protects against Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation-Induced Damage to Endothelial Barrier Function
Authors: Xia Fangfang , Jin Zhousheng , Dong Jiaojiao , Chen Chaoxing , Cai Yaoyao , Wang Quanguang , Chen Hongfei
Published: May 2022

Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), which has a mortality rate of approximately 50%, is a popular topic in critical care research. Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2) is secreted by mesenchymal cells, and it is effective in promoting the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of various epithelial cells. To date, however, only a few reports on KGF-2-related regulators in LIRI have been published. In the current study, an LIRI rat model is constructed, and the upregulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is observed in the LIRI rat model. In addition, LIRI induces NLRP1 inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro, and KGF-2 inhibits LIRI-induced damage to pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Mechanistically, KGF-2 inhibits NLRP1 inflammasome and NF-κB activity. KGF-2 inhibition attenuates LIRI injury-induced damage to endothelial integrity. In conclusion, KGF-2 protects against LIRI by inhibiting inflammation-induced endothelial barrier damage.
Insulin Aspart Combined with Exercise Therapy in Spleen Deficiency Type Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Effect on Disease Control and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Shi Yingkun , Meng Xueyun
Published: May 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of insulin aspart combined with exercise therapy on the disease control and pregnancy outcomes of spleen deficiency type gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Methods. In this prospective study, a total of 102 patients with spleen deficiency type gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected and assigned at a ratio of 1 : 1 via the random number table method to receive insulin aspart (control group) or insulin aspart plus exercise therapy (observation group). Outcome measures include blood sugar, clinical efficacy, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and complications. Results. Insulin aspart plus exercise therapy was associated with significantly lower blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels versus insulin aspart alone (

P
<
0.05

). Insulin aspart plus exercise therapy resulted in significantly higher total efficacy (96.08%) versus insulin aspart (74.51%) (

P
<
0.05

). Patients receiving insulin aspart plus exercise therapy showed a significantly lower incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (3.92%) versus those given insulin aspart alone (37.25%) (

P
<
0.05

). Insulin aspart plus exercise therapy resulted in a lower incidence of complications (5.88%) versus insulin aspart (41.17%) (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Exercise therapy plus insulin aspart might offer a viable treatment alternative for patients with spleen deficiency-type gestational diabetes mellitus given its promising effects in disease control and pregnancy outcomes, with good efficacy and safety profiles.
Downregulation of LINC01857 Increases Sensitivity of Gastric Carcinoma Cells to Cisplatin
Authors: Chen Yun , Wu Yanli
Published: May 2022

Background. The critical roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the carcinogenesis and progression of cancers have been well documented. It was reported that lncRNAs were involved in chemotherapy resistance in various cancers. This study was aimed at clarifying the role of LINC01857 in cisplatin (DDP) resistance in gastric carcinoma (GC). Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze the expression of LINC01857 in GC tissues and normal tissues. The expression of LINC01857 in GC cells and DDP-resistant GC cells was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell viability and IC50 value were evaluated using the MTT assay. Moreover, cell apoptosis, migration, and invasion were determined using flow cytometry and Transwell assays, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was examined by western blot. Results. TCGA database analysis revealed that LINC01857 expression was elevated in GC tissues compared with the normal tissues. qRT-PCR showed that the expression of LINC01857 was significantly higher in DDP-resistant cells than in GC and normal gastric cells. Knockdown of LINC01857 reduced cell viability in DDP-resistant cells. Moreover, LINC01857 downregulation promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cell migration and invasion in DDP-resistant GC cells. Conclusions. LINC01857 was highly expressed in GC. Additionally, LINC01857 knockdown could facilitate the sensitivity to DDP and apoptosis and repressed cell migration and invasion in DDP-resistant GC cells, which provided a novel therapeutic target for chemotherapy resistance of GC in clinical practice.
Cost Early-Warning Model System of Large-Scale Construction Project
Authors: Dai Jingyi , Ke Dandan
Published: May 2022

China’s construction industry has been suffering from high cost, high efficiency, and maladjustment of management. The traditional management mode makes the construction project face the risk of cost overruns and delays, which cannot achieve the effect of cost control. Therefore, by summarizing the characteristics of construction projects and the classification of costs, this paper analyzes the foundation of earned value management method in construction and combines it with cost management; in addition, the actual development of Company A is taken as an example, where a cost early-warning system suitable for construction projects is constructed, including the design of the organizational structure, operation platform, and early-warning model of this system, which can improve the cost management level of construction enterprises to a certain extent.
Novel Karaya Gum Derivatives Produced by Alkaline Hydrolysis and Periodate Oxidation for Active Packaging with Cinnamaldehyde
Authors: Nguyen Vinh Tien , Vo Nga Thi , Pham Hoan Thi , Nguyen Duy Quang , Nguyen Anh Thai , Trinh Khanh Son
Published: May 2022

This study aims to produce novel derivatives of karaya gum using chemical modification and then apply them for active packaging with cinnamaldehyde as the main active component. Native karaya gum (NKG) was hydrolyzed using sodium hydroxide to yield hydrolyzed karaya gum (HKG), which then was oxidized using sodium periodate to yield hydrolyzed-oxidized karaya gum (HOKG). For comparison, NKG was also directly oxidized using sodium periodate to produce oxidized karaya gum (OKG). FTIR spectra confirmed the removal of acetyl groups after alkaline hydrolysis and the formation of carbonyl groups with subsequent formation of hemiacetal and acetal structures after periodate oxidation. The alkaline hydrolysis and the periodate oxidation resulted in opposite effects on the hydrophilicity of the gum: hydrolysis increased solubility, moisture uptake, and viscosity, while periodate oxidation decreased these properties. We then produced films from corn starch and these gums (5%

w
/
w

gum/starch) and properties of the films were studied. Hydrolysis of KG resulted in higher tensile strength, higher transparency but lower puncture strength and antifungal activity against of the films, while periodate oxidation exerted the opposite effects. The incorporation of 5% cinnamaldehyde (

w
/
w

of starch) exerted strong antifungal and antibacterial effects on the films against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Escherichia coli, which are useful in active packaging. The active packages based on the novel derivatives of KG can find applications in the agricultural, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
Skyline-Like Query in Three-Dimensional Obstacle Space
Authors: Liu Yongshan , Hao Tianbao , Gong Xiang , Kong Dehan , Wang Jianjun
Published: May 2022

Skyline query, as a query method to solve typical multiobjective optimization problems, has a wide range of applications in market analysis and data mining. Many scholars’ attention has been attracted since it was proposed. However, the correct result set cannot be obtained easily by traditional skyline query when nonspatial and spatial attributes of the data set need to be considered at the same time, and there are differences in the importance of each attribute. To solve this problem, a skyline-like query was proposed in three-dimensional obstacle space based on the traditional skyline query. In the skyline-like query algorithm, nonspatial skyline-like points were obtained according to the traditional algorithm. The spatial attribute dominated region of the obtained points was used to filter the data set, and then the shielding of obstacles was considered in the three-dimensional obstacle space. By constructing a three-dimensional visible graph, the Dijkstra algorithm was used to obtain the skyline-like points of spatial attribute. After sorting, the skyline-like point set was obtained based on the value of user’s preference. Compared with B2S2 algorithm, the experimental results show that the skyline-like algorithm had a better performance. Then, the comparative experiments within three-dimensional obstacle skyline query were carried out by setting different sizes of data sets and different numbers of obstacles. According to the results, it is shown that the algorithm had a great performance.
Modeling Analysis of the Relationship between Adolescent Aerobic Exercise and Obesity Reduction Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Mu Peng
Published: May 2022

In order to explore the modeling analysis of the relationship between adolescent aerobic exercise and obesity reduction, the relationship modeling method of deep learning algorithm is proposed. This study integrates deep learning algorithms and first uses the changes in body shape, weight, BMI index, body fat, body circumference, and other indicators of adolescent obese before and after aerobic exercise as the initial pheromone distribution matrix and introduces random evolution factor and evolutionary drift threshold to establish the objective function of aerobic exercise to reduce adolescent obesity. It also explains the constraint conditions that aerobic exercise has to meet in the reduction of adolescent obesity and introduces particle algorithm to establish a model of optimal aerobic exercise to reduce adolescent obesity. The simulation results show that, under the same number of experiments, the advantages of this method are more obvious. On the overall level, the average modeling error of this method is about 0.053%, while the average of the traditional method is about 0.186%, indicating that the method can reduce the error control within a reasonable range. It proves that deep learning can effectively reflect the modeling analysis of the relationship between adolescent aerobic exercise and obesity reduction.
Diagnostic Value of Inflammatory Markers and Cytokines in Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Wu Lijie , Li Jinku , Ping Lili , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhai Lina , Li Yanmin , Zhang Ruimin
Published: May 2022

Objective. To explore the diagnosis value of inflammatory markers and cytokines in neonatal sepsis. Methods. In this retrospective analysis, 90 cases of neonatal sepsis admitted to our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were included in the observation group, and 70 healthy neonates who received routine physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were recruited as the control group. Comparison and analysis of inflammatory markers and cytokines levels between the two groups were performed on days 1, 3, and 7 after the onset. Flow cytometry was used to measure the white blood cells (WBCs) and percentage of neutrophils (N%), immunoturbidimetry was used to determine C-reactive protein (CRP), immunochromatographic analysis was used to determine procalcitonin (PCT) in plasma, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine interleukin-27 (IL-27), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Results. Compared with healthy controls, neonatal sepsis resulted in significantly higher levels of WBC, N%, PCT, and CRP on days 1, 3, and 7 after onset. The levels of WBC, N%, and PCT were continuously decreased from day 1 to day 7, while the levels of CRP were increased on day 1 and day 3 but declined on day 7 (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with healthy controls, patients with sepsis showed higher levels of IL-27, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α on days 1, 3, and 7 after the onset. The levels of IL-27, IL-6, and IL-10 were increased on day 1 and day 3 but decreased on day 7, and the levels of TNF-α were continuously decreased from day 1 to day 7 (all

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Neonatal sepsis was associated with fluctuating levels of WBC, N%, PCT, CRP, IL-27, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α at different time points of disease. The joint detection of the above indices provides a new pathway for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Core Type and Antirotational Post on Stress Distribution in an Endodontically Treated Maxillary First Molar: FEA
Authors: Mosharraf Ramin , Fathi Amirhossein , Botshekan Seyedeh Shiva
Published: May 2022

Background. This study aims to analyze and compare the stress distribution in an endodontically treated maxillary first molar restored with various post and core systems and assess the benefit of the presence of an antirotational post and the effect of its length using finite element analysis. Materials and Methods. Five 3D models of maxillary first molar restored with variable designs of post and core were constructed using CT scanning and information obtained from textbook and FEM software. Variables were types of core, presence or absence of an antirotational post, and length of the antirotational post. A load of 480 (N) vertically and a load of 240 (N) with 45° to the occlusal plane were applied. Results were analyzed using 3D von Mises criteria. Results. The results showed that the most homogeneous stress distribution pattern along with dentin and the post-core system was observed in the model with one main post in the palatal canal and in the model with a two-piece core and one main post in the palatal canal and shorter antirotational post in the distal-buccal canal. However, models with one-piece core and antirotational post (either the same length or shorter than the main post) in the distal-buccal canal had the most stress concentration sites. Conclusion. In this study, it was found that the presence of an antirotational post, its length, and type of core affected the distribution of stress along the dentin and post-core system. This study indicated that if the antirotational post is considered in the post-core design, it is better to use a two-piece core type due to more homogeneous stress distribution along the dentin and post-core system.
Segmentation of Activated Sludge Flocs in Microscopic Images for Monitoring Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Elaraby Ahmed , Hamdy Walid , Nisar Humaira , Alkinani Monagi H.
Published: May 2022

The proposed work describes an approach for segmentation of activated sludge flocs from the microscopic images for monitoring wastewater treatment. The morphological features of flocs (microbial aggregates) and filaments are related to the state of an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant and must be monitored for proper functioning. Hence, image processing and analysis could be a time‐saving monitoring tool. To address this challenge, we propose a novel framework involving a multiphase edge detection algorithm based on information theory. The proposed framework is evaluated and scrutinized critically considering the artifacts found in the photographs tested. To evaluate the segmentations, gold approximation of estimated truth images is created. In addition, the performance was subjectively evaluated for its potential for segmenting activated sludge images. Experimental results show that the proposed framework exhibits the good results and demonstrates its effectiveness.
[Retracted] Chinese Herb Jiedu Huayu Granules Inhibiting Immune and Inflammatory Response of Rats with Acute Liver Failure by Regulating the NF‐κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Bai Wenjie , Shi Qinglan , Wu Jinyu , Wang Kejing , Chen Yueqiao , Ma Xiaocong , Mao Dewen
Published: May 2022

Objective. To research the influence of Chinese medicine Jiedu Huayu granules (JDHY) on the immune response and inflammatory response of rats with acute liver failure (ALF) and investigate its related mechanism. Methods. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (n = 6) were injected with the same amount of normal saline; ALF group (n = 10) were injected intraperitoneally with D‐GaIN (700 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg); ALF+JDHY group (n = 10) were given JDHY 57.55 g/kg/d by gavage for 7 days and injected intraperitoneally with D‐GaIN/LPS after the last dose; and ALF+BAY group (n = 10) were given BAY 10 mg/kg/d by gavage for 7 days and injected intraperitoneally with D‐GaIN/LPS after the last dose. Changes in liver function and coagulation function were examined in rat serum; the pathological varieties of liver tissues were verified by HE staining; immunohistochemistry was utilized to determine the ratio of PCNA and F4/80 in liver tissues; the flow cytometry was applied to determine the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs); ELISA and qRT‐PCR were utilized to check the level of IL‐10, IL‐6, IL‐13, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, and CD163 in serum and liver cells. Western blot was adopted to check the expression of apoptotic protein and expression and NF‐κB pathway‐related protein expression. Results. JDHY and BAY could decline the expression of AST, ALT, ALP, and TBiL in ALF rat serum significantly (P < 0.01), increase PTA and PLT (P < 0.01), and mitigate liver tissue damage. Besides, JDHY and BAY could reduce the apoptosis and improve the proliferation of the liver cells in rats with ALF; meanwhile, the ratio of CD4+ cells and F4/80 cells was reduced while CD8+ cells were increased (P < 0.01). Further, JDHY and BAY could reduce the level of IFN‐γ, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α while increasing the level of IL‐10 and IL‐13 (P < 0.01). Additionally, the expression of sCD163 in serum and CD163 expression in liver tissues increased (P < 0.01). The result of western blot confirmed that JDHY could inhibit the phosphorylated expression of NF‐κB, IKβα, and IKKβ in the ALF rat tissues. Conclusions. JDHY can upregulate the level of CD163/sCD163 by the NF‐κB signaling pathway, thereby regulating immune response, inhibiting inflammatory response, and ultimately improving ALF in the rats.
The Impact of Gamification on the Time-Limited Writing Performance of English Majors
Authors: Zhihao Zhou , Zhonggen Yu
Published: May 2022

In recent years, gamification has developed vigorously in the field of education and there is also a certain amount of research on gamification in the field of foreign language teaching. However, there are few kinds of research on gamification and second foreign language writing, especially the research on gamification and second foreign language time-limited writing, which is still blank at present. This research starts from four aspects: gamification and learners’ engagement in class, the effect of gamification on the overall writing abilities, the best gamification degree for writing, and participants’ attitude towards gamification in writing practice. The research conducts empirical research to evaluate the role of gamification in time-limited writing in foreign languages. The research results show that gamification has a significant role in promoting the learning of time-limited writing but it is necessary to pay attention to the setting of various elements of gamification. Once the learner’s reward reaches the highest value, the effect of gamification will begin to weaken. At the same time, as to some limitations of gamification, like the short duration of gamification effectiveness, suggestions have also been put forward for further research.
The Analytical Solutions of the Stochastic Fractional Kuramoto–Sivashinsky Equation by Using the Riccati Equation Method
Authors: Mohammed Wael W. , Albalahi A. M. , Albadrani S. , Aly E. S. , Sidaoui R , Matouk A. E.
Published: May 2022

In this work, we consider the stochastic fractional-space Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation using conformable derivative. The Riccati equation method is used to get the analytical solutions to the space-fractional stochastic Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation. Because this equation has never been examined with space-fractional and multiplicative noise at the same time, we generalize some previous results. Moreover, we display how the multiplicative noise influences on the stability of obtained solutions of the space-fractional stochastic Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation.
Computer Speech Recognition Technology and Graphic Shape Design
Authors: Niu Yuxi
Published: May 2022

In order to solve the problem of lack of multimodal emotional database, a computer speech recognition technology and graphic form design research were proposed. Using the hidden Markov model (HMM) to recognize speech emotion is mainly to provide emotion type for the subsequent expression fusion. When the emotion category in the speech is obtained, the facial animation parameter (FAP) corresponding to the speech emotion can be combined with the lip movement FAP based on the Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG-4) face animation standard to obtain a comprehensive FAP. The results show that the recognition effect of speech emotion recognition in the method used in this paper is relatively better than that obtained by other literature methods, and the average recognition rate reaches 70.24%, which is higher than the other three methods. It is verified that this method can present a better recognition effect.
Study on the Effect of Nanoindentation Test Method on Micromechanical Properties of Granite Minerals
Authors: Lei Man , Dang Fa-Ning , Xue Haibin , Xing Jin , Ding Weihua
Published: May 2022

The study on microscopic mechanical properties of mineral is of great significance to reveal the damage mechanism of rock and can provide important basis for nondestructive testing of building materials and assisted rock breaking technology. As the main test method for rock and mineral microscopic mechanical properties, nanoindentation test has several parameters such as loading time, indentation depth, and loading rate, which have great influence on the test results. Three schemes are designed as follows: (1) The loading and unloading rates remain unchanged, and the holding time is 0 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 50 s, and 100 s, respectively. (2) Ten cycles of loading and unloading tests are used to calculate micromechanical indexes at different indentation depth. (3) The maximum load and holding time remain unchanged, and the loading rate is 5 mN/s, 10 mN/s, 20 mN/s, 30 mN/s, 40 mN/s, and 50 mN/s, respectively. The results show that (1) with the increase of holding time, the elastic modulus and hardness of feldspar decrease sharply between 0 s and 5 s, decrease slightly between 5 s and 10 s, and stabilize after 10 s. The creep displacement of feldspar is positively correlated with holding time. The holding time does not change the development path of creep displacement. (2) With the increase of indentation depth, the elastic modulus and hardness of feldspar decrease gradually and become stable when the indentation depth is more than 350 nm. (3) The elastic modulus and hardness of quartz increase with loading rate. The maximum indentation depth and residual indentation depth decrease with the increase of loading rate. The creep displacement increases with loading rate, while the creep compliance decreases with the increase of loading rate. With the increase of holding time, the creep rate decreases and tends to be stable. The results provide theoretical basis for obtaining more accurate rock nanoindentation mechanical properties and revealing rock damage mechanism.
Design of Financial Risk Control Model Based on Deep Learning Neural Network
Authors: Yang Donglai , Ma He , Chen Xiaoxin , Liu Lei , Lang Yuhang
Published: May 2022

In recent years, with the continuous increase of financial business, the risk of business is on the rise. Among them, major risk cases are frequent, the cases are increasingly complex, and the means of committing crimes are concealed. The main research contents of this paper include the preprocessing of internal and external financial data and the structure design of recurrent NNs. Its purpose is to design a financial risk control model based on a deep learning NNs, thereby reducing financial risk. The Borderline-SMOTE algorithm is used first to preprocess the sample data, and the oversampling method is used to eliminate the imbalance of the data, and then, the long short-term memory deep NNs algorithm is introduced to process the sample data with time series characteristics. The final experiment shows that LSTM has a better accuracy, reaching 0.9715, compared with traditional methods; the sample preprocessing method and risk control model proposed in this paper have better ability to identify fraudulent customers, and the model itself has faster iteration efficiency.
Metacognition Application: The Use of Chess as a Strategy to Improve the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics
Authors: Tachie Simon Adjei , Ramathe Johnson Motingoe
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to explore chess as an alternative strategy to improve the teaching and learning of mathematics. Purposive sampling was used to identify 25 experimental group learners and 26 control group learners. Experimental learners were drawn from two schools that offered chess, while control group learners were drawn from five non-chess-training schools. As such, 51 learners provided the data. The researcher administered a group test in an attempt to triangulate the findings of the study. Using chess as an alternative strategy to improve the teaching and learning of mathematics, it emerged from the main findings that the control group learners made far more contextual errors, compared to the experimental group, on the various problems that were presented. It also emerged that non-experimental learners were poorer in applying required basic steps to arrive at answers to the activities given to them compared to the experimental learners. The study further found that while both groups committed blended contextual and procedural errors, control group learners were dominant as compared to the experimental learners. This implies that the experimental group applied more metacognition in various problems and therefore outperformed the control group in the group test. Based on the above findings, the study concludes that chess training improves both teachers’ and learners’ application of metacognition in supporting learners’ performance in mathematics. The study recommends that since the use of chess serves as an alternative strategy to positively improve the teaching and learning of mathematics, chess training can be introduced to schools to enhance the mathematics performance of learners.
Tackling Explicit Material from Online Video Conferencing Software for Education Using Deep Attention Neural Architectures
Authors: Yang Yongzhao , Xu Shasha
Published: May 2022

The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic affected all areas of social life, especially education. Globally, many states have closed schools temporarily or imposed local curfews. According to UNESCO estimations, approximately 1.5 billion students have been affected by the closure of schools and the mandatory implementation of distance learning. Although rigorous policies are in place to ban harmful and dangerous content aimed at children, there are many cases where minors, mainly students, have been exposed relatively or unfairly to inappropriate, especially sexual content, during distance learning. Ensuring minors’ emotional and mental health is a priority for any education system. This paper presents a severe attention neural architecture to tackle explicit material from online education video conference applications to deal with similar incidents. This is an advanced technique that, for the first time in the literature, proposes an intelligent mechanism that, although it uses attention mechanisms, does not have a square complexity of memory and time in terms of the size of the input. Specifically, we propose the implementation of a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with the help of a local, sparse attention mechanism, which can accurately detect obscene and mainly sexual content in streaming online video conferencing software for education.
Heterogeneous Social Linked Data Integration and Sharing for Public Transportation
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhou Bing , Zhang ChaoYang
Published: May 2022

Solid (social linked data) technology has made significant progress in social web applications developed, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Wikipedia. Solid is based on semantic web and RDF (Resource Description Framework) technologies. Solid platforms can provide decentralized authentication, data management, and developer support in the form of libraries and web applications. However, thus far, little research has been conducted on understanding the problems involved in sharing public transportation data through Solid technology. It is challenging to provide personalized and adaptable public transportation services for citizens because the public transportation data originate from different devices and are heterogeneous in nature. A novel approach is proposed in this study, in order to provide personalized sharing of public transportation data between different users through integrating and sharing these heterogeneous data. This approach not only integrates diverse data types into a uniform data type using the semantic web but also stores these data in a personal online data store and retrieves data through SPARQL on the Solid platform; these data are visualized on the web pages using Google Maps. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to apply Solid in public transportation. Furthermore, we conduct performance tests of the new C2RMF (CSV to RDF Mapping File) algorithm and functional and non-functional tests to demonstrate the stability and effectiveness of the approach. Our results indicate the feasibility of the proposed approach in facilitating public transportation data integration and sharing through Solid and semantic web technologies.
Design and Implementation of Hybrid Transmission Line Protection Scheme Using Signal Processing Techniques
Authors: Kumar Anup , Sharma Himanshu , Mahia Ram Niwash , Mahela Om Prakash , Khan Baseem
Published: May 2022

A hybrid scheme for transmission line protection (HSTLP) using the Stockwell transform (ST), Wigner distribution function (WDF), and alienation coefficient (ACF) is designed. Current signals are analyzed using the ST, WDF, and ACF to compute the Stockwell fault index (SFI), Wigner fault index (WFI), and alienation coefficient fault index (ACFI), respectively. These fault indexes are used to derive a hybrid signal processing fault index (HSPFI), which is implemented for the detection of transmission line fault events. The peak magnitude of HSPFI is compared with a preset threshold magnitude (TH) to identify the fault. The statistical formulation is proposed for fault location on the power transmission line. Fault classification is achieved using the number of faulty phases. A hybrid ground fault index (HGFI) is used to recognize the involvement of the ground during the fault event. This HGFI is determined by processing zero sequence current using ST and WDF. The performance of algorithm is tested by various case studies for fault impedance variation, variable sampling frequency, fault incidence angle variation, reverse power flow on transmission line, highly loaded line, different fault locations online, and noisy conditions. The algorithm is also validated to detect a fault on a practical transmission line of large area utility grid of Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Limited (RVPN) in India. The algorithm performs better than the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT)-based protection scheme and wavelet transform (WT)-based protection scheme available in the literature in terms of mean error of fault location, fault location accuracy, and noise level. The proposed protection scheme efficiently detected, classified, and located the faulty events such as single-phase-to-ground fault (SPGF), two-phase fault (TPF), two-phase-to-ground fault (TPGF), three-line fault (TLF), and three-line-to-ground fault (TLGF). Transmission line fault location accuracy of 99.031% is achieved. The algorithm performs well even with a high noise level of

10
 
dB

SNR.
Tanshinone Protects against Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting JNK Activity
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Qingyu , Liu Xiaoyang , Li Tao , Wu Shuai , Li Yi , Jiang Zhensong
Published: May 2022

Spinal cord reperfusion injury as a secondary damage after primary spinal cord injury is an important factor causing nerve cell damage. In this study, we aim to investigate the effects and mechanisms of tanshinone (TAE) in the rabbit spinal cord during ischemia-reperfusion. New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated group (5 rabbits), ischemia-reperfusion group (0.9% TAE was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia, and 4 groups of 5 rabbits each according to different time periods of reperfusion: group A reperfused for 0.5 h, group B reperfused for 2 h, group C reperfused for 8 h, and group D reperfused for 24 h), and TAE group (an ischemia-reperfused for 24 h). Group A was reperfused for 0.5 h, group B for 2 h, group C for 8 h, group D for 24 h, and group TAE (TAE was applied 30 min before ischemia reperfusion, grouped as ischemia-reperfusion group). The expression of JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase) and phosphorylation-JNK (p-JNK) in spinal cord tissues of each group were detected by Western blot. Light and electron microscopy showed that early apoptosis started in group B in the ischemia-reperfusion group, while early apoptosis appeared only in group D in the tanshinone intervention group. Western blot showed that p-JNK expression started in group B in the ischemia-reperfusion group and gradually increased with the prolongation of ischemia time, while p-JNK expression only increased in group D in the tanshinone intervention group. In the tanshinone intervention group, p-JNK was activated only in group D and its activity was less than that in the ischemia-reperfusion group; the protein expression of JNK did not change significantly in both groups. Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion can cause spinal cord injury by activating the signaling molecule JNK (MRPKs family), and early tanshinone intervention can partially inhibit this injury. Our finding provides a new idea and theoretical basis for clinical treatment of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Prediction of the Remaining Useful Life of Supercapacitors
Authors: Yi Zhenxiao , Zhao Kun , Sun Jianrui , Wang Licheng , Wang Kai , Ma Yongzhi
Published: May 2022

As a new type of energy-storage device, supercapacitors are widely used in various energy storage fields because of their advantages such as fast charging and discharging, high power density, wide operating temperature range, and long cycle life. However, the degradation and failure of supercapacitors in large-scale applications will adversely affect the operation of the whole system. To maximize the efficiency of supercapacitors without damaging the equipment and to ensure timely replacement before reaching the end of their useful life, it is critical to accurately predict the remaining useful life of supercapacitors. This paper presents a comprehensive review of model-based and data-driven approaches to predict the remaining useful life of supercapacitors, introduces the characteristics of the various methods, and foresees future trends, with the expectation of providing a reference for further research in this field.
A New Exponential Factor-Type Estimator for Population Distribution Function Using Dual Auxiliary Variables under Stratified Random Sampling
Authors: Iftikhar Anum , Hongbo Shi , Hussain Sardar , Khan Sajid , Alnssyan Badr , Shabbir Javid , Ahmad Sohaib , Aamir Muhammad
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we propose a generalized class of exponential-type estimators for estimating the finite population distribution function using dual auxiliary variables under stratified sampling. The biases and mean squared errors (MSEs) of the proposed class of estimators are derived up to the first order of approximation. The empirical and theoretical study of comparisons is discussed. Four populations are taken for the support of the theoretical findings. It is observed that the proposed class of estimators performs better as compared to all other considered estimators in stratified sampling.
Salidroside Exerts Beneficial Effect on Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Wei Si-Ming , Huang Yu-Min , Qin Zhi-Quan
Published: May 2022

Testicular torsion-detorsion results in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is associated with overgeneration of reactive oxygen species. Salidroside, a major bioactive ingredient extracted from Rhodiola rosea, has strong antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of salidroside on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sixty rats were randomly separated into 3 experimental groups: group A = sham-operated control; group B = testicular ischemia-reperfusion; and group C = testicular ischemia-reperfusion treated with salidroside. The rats in the sham-operated control group received all surgical procedures except testicular torsion-detorsion. The testicular ischemia-reperfusion group underwent 2 hours of left testicular torsion followed by detorsion. The rats in the salidroside-treated group received the same surgical procedure as in testicular ischemia-reperfusion group, but salidroside was injected intraperitoneally at reperfusion. Testicular malondialdehyde content (a reliable index of reactive oxygen species) and protein expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase which are primary antioxidant enzymes in testes were measured at 4 hours after reperfusion. Testicular spermatogenesis was evaluated at 3 months after reperfusion. The malondialdehyde content increased significantly, while superoxide dismutase and catalase protein expression and testicular spermatogenesis reduced significantly in ipsilateral testes of testicular ischemia-reperfusion group, as compared with sham-operated control group. Therapy with salidroside significantly reduced malondialdehyde content and significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase and catalase protein expression and spermatogenesis in ipsilateral testes, as compared with testicular ischemia-reperfusion group. The present findings indicate that treatment with salidroside ameliorates testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing reactive oxygen species level by upregulating superoxide dismutase and catalase protein expression.