bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Landslide by Comprehensive Geophysical Exploration in Northeast Chongqing: Taking Xiawafang Landslide as Example
Authors: Li Qiuchen , Cui Fangzi , Niu Xue , Xie Xinglong
Published: December 2023

Aiming at the characteristics of geological structure of Xiawafang landslide in Wuxi County, northeast Chongqing, high density resistivity method and seismic image method are used to comprehensively analyze the differences between conductivity and impedance of rock stratum in this area. At the same time, the geological survey results and drilling data are taken as the basis. With the fusion of geology-geophysics analysis and interpretation, this paper shows the characteristics of geological structure and spatial distribution in the exploration area, and landslides can be analyzed according to their mode of deformation and destruction, which provides a basis of comprehensive geology-geophysics interpretation for the treatment of geological landslide.
Practical Application of UAV Source in Complex Area Exploration
Authors: Ju Mingfeng , Qian Rongyi
Published: December 2023

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) source is a new source for shallow seismic exploration. UAV source is based upon the principle of an accelerated weight drop from a high altitude. A 5-kilogram object is carried 500 meters above the surface, controlled by special remote control equipment to free fall at the exact moment we need it, and by hitting the ground at high speed, it generates a powerful amount of seismic waves. Different from traditional seismic sources, such as explosive sources and vibroseis, UAVs are not limited by terrain and it can generate seismic waves in complex environments such as mountains and rivers, with strong flexibility. Meanwhile, it’s impact object is recyclable, so the cost per excitation is minimal. In this paper, Firstly, we analyze the frequency information of the reflected signal in the seismic record obtained by the UAV source in the actual mountainous area, and then discuss the influence of different excitation positions on the record. Finally, we obtain the reflected seismic profile of the region through seismic data processing. It has been proven that UAV source can achieve low-cost and high-quality acquisition in complex environments
Study on the Three-component Response Characteristics of Ground-airborne Electromagnetic Field
Authors: Liu Zhixin , Yang Haiyan , Liu Chang
Published: December 2023

At any point in space, an electromagnetic field consists of three components: Hx, Hy, and Hz. The ground airborne electromagnetic method (GAEM) does not usually retrieve the Hx and Hy components of the electromagnetic field, less data may result in less accurate goaf interpretations. In this study, we numerically simulate the characteristics of the frequency-domain ground-airborne electromagnetic signal sources, quantify the induction signal distribution laws in the x-, y-, and z- directions, and identify the various factors that influence ground-airborne electromagnetic signals. The results of this study provide theoretical support for the future development of a three-component receiver for ground airborne electromagnetic field surveys. Furthermore, this data also provides information that will prove valuable in the design of field work construction.
Generative Adversarial Network Based Inversion of Cross-hole Radar Data
Authors: Zhang Donghao , Tang Yu , Qin Hui , Wang Yuanzheng , Yao Yao , Zhang Lin
Published: December 2023

Cross-hole radar is a popular method to characterize subsurface structures, yet traditional data interpretation methods have limitations: tomography method has poor inversion accuracy, while the full waveform inversion method costs huge computing time. In order to solve the above problems, an automatic inversion algorithm based on generative adversarial networks (GAN) is developed in this paper to interpret the permittivity from cross-hole radar B-scan images. This algorithm uses a low-resolution GAN to extract the global features in the cross-hole radar data to reconstruct the dielectric constant distribution map with low resolution, and then adopts a high-resolution GAN to enhance the resolution of the inversion results. The algorithm is trained on 1000 pairs of cross-hole radar data obtained from the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Finally, 100 pairs of similar data which has never been shown in the network are used to verify the inversion performance of the algorithm. The results show that the inversion accuracy of is greater than 90%, and the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of the reconstructed image reaches 0.9. In addition, the proposed method also has rapid computing speed.
Self-organizing Competitive Neural Network Based Adaptive Sparse Representation for Magnetotelluric Data Denoising
Authors: Liu Xiaoqiong , Li Guang , Li Jin , Zhou Xiaohui , Gu Xianjie , Zhou Cong , Gong Meng
Published: December 2023

The existing sparse decomposition denoising methods for magnetotelluric (MT) data need to set the iterative stop condition manually, which not only has a large workload and high difficulty, but also easily causes subjective bias. To this end, we propose a new adaptive sparse representation method for MT data denoising. First, the data to be processed is divided into high-quality segments and noisy segments by machine learning algorithm. Then, the characteristic parameters of high-quality segments are calculated, and the boundary value of the characteristic parameters is taken as the threshold. The threshold has two functions, one is as a criterion for signal-to-noise identification, and the other is as an iterative stop condition for subsequent sparse decomposition. Finally, the optimized orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is used to separate the signal and noise of the noisy segments, and the denoised segments and high-quality segments are combined to obtain the complete denoised MT data. The field data processing results show that this method is a fully automatic and intelligent MT data denoising method. It greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio and the apparent resistivity-phase curves.
Influence of Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure on Nonlinear Elasticity of Rock
Authors: Liu Qian , Feng Xuan
Published: December 2023

We conducted a 28-day long period co-propagating longitudinal acoustic wave experiment to monitor the change of nonlinear elastic modulus of rock. During the monitoring period, we monitored the atmospheric pressure and temperature of the environment. We analyzed the relationship between the change of nonlinear elastic modulus of rock and atmospheric pressure and temperature. We found that the change of them appears high consistency. But the change of ΔM\/E is not sensitive to small amplitude change of atmospheric pressure. And there is a certain delay with the influence of temperature to the ΔM\/E.
Construction and Significance of Comprehensive Geophysical Observatory Array in Dabie Monitoring and Forecasting Experimental Site
Authors: Zheng Haigang , He Kang , Liang Xiao , Long Jianfeng , Xu Rugang
Published: December 2023

This paper reviews the development process of the seismic scientific experimental site at home and abroad and introduces the background, significance and construction of the the Dabie Monitoring and Prediction Experimental Site, which led by Anhui Earthquake Agency. During the 12th Five-Year Plan, the office of this experimental site was built, which is located in Lu’an Seismic Station. During the 13th Five-Year Plan, a comprehensive geophysical observation array is built, including a seismic science array, a flux-gate array, a optical-fiber array, a infra-sound array and a baseline of the gravity field at this experimental site. Through these constructions, it can not only play a important role in the study of earthquake monitoring and prediction, but also contribute to the study of the crustal structure detection, crustal strain analysis, seismic acoustic characteristics and gravity equipment calibration.
Study on Time Domain Electromagnetic Remote Boundary Detection Method for Multi-component Well Logging
Authors: Xiao Zhanshan , Hu Haitao , Yan Junjie , Shao Kun , Di Shuhua , Yao Chunming , Yuan Caihua
Published: December 2023

Borehole time-domain electromagnetic remote detection realizes reservoir scale formation boundary measurement. There is a strong correlation between the abnormal response signal of borehole time-domain electromagnetic pure quadratic field and the distance of formation boundary. The greater the boundary distance, the later the abnormal extreme point appears. The response characteristics of the secondary field of the coaxial and coplanar multi-component measurement modes are just "opposite" at different dip angles. Using borehole time-domain electromagnetic measurement information, the formation dip and remote borehole boundary detection can be directly calculated.
Exploration of Shallow Structural Characteristics in the Xinyi Segment of the Anqiu-Juxian Fault of Tan-Lu Fault Zone
Authors: Zhao Qiguang , Xu Hangang , Meng Ke , Gu Qinping , Yang Hao
Published: December 2023

The Anqiu-Juxian fault is the most active branch of the Tan-Lu fault zone. As most of the Xinyi segment of the fault is buried, there is little research on such important issues as its shallow structure and spatial distribution. In this paper, the shallow structural characteristics of the Xinyi segment of the Anqiu-Juxian fault are comprehensively studied by the shallow seismic exploration. The results of this study show that: (1) The Anqiu-Juxian fault runs through the entire Xinyi area, with its strike being approximately NNE5°∽15°. (2) The Xinyi segment of the fault follows a single branching–double branching–single branching pattern from north to south. In the single branch section, the fault is characterized by strike-slip thrust, while in the double-branch section, the east and west branches of the Anqiu-Juxian fault are both strike-slip normal faults. The results of this study, for the first time, comprehensively provided seismological evidence of the shallow structure of the Xinyi section of the Anqiu-Juxian fault and basic data for the planning and construction of Xinyi urban.…
Integrated Study for Seservoir Characterization of Kadanwari Area of Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan Using Seismic Data and Well Data
Authors: Raza Muhammad Sharjeel , Guo Rongwen , Cao Xun , Hou Sheng
Published: December 2023

As a developing nation, Pakistan is confronted with serious energy challenges as a result of a scarcity of hydrocarbons. And the major objective of this paper is to assess the hydrocarbon potential of a study zone in Pakistan’s central Sindh Basin, which is known as the Kadanwari Gas area. The characterization of the reservoir has been accomplished by the use of conventional geophysical techniques, including 2D seismic data and well log information. By converting the time structure map of seismic, it is possible to produce the depth contour map. And a method for converting seismic data to Acoustic Impedance is described. Based on well logs collected after drilling, Petro-physical characteristics such as shale volume, porosity, water saturation, and hydrocarbon saturation were calculated. It was established that the review area is part of the extensional structural system by normal faulting that was seen on seismic sections. The seismic interpretation of these lines that emerged proved the existence of the Horst and Grabben structures as a consequence of normal faulting. The region around these buildings has a significant amount of potential for hydrocarbon accumulation.
Research and Application of Microseismic First Arrival Picking Method Based on Geophone Spacing Constraint
Authors: Qiao Hanqing , Liu Cai , Fang Hui , Zhang Yaoyang
Published: December 2023

Picking the first arrival of microseismic events has been widely recognized as an essential step for data processing of microseismic monitoring. In this paper, we have provided a practical method, which was developed by introducing geophone spacing constraint to original cross-correlation functions for further optimization of seismic arrival picking. First, all valuable traces are processed by a cross-correlation algorithm and time difference correction. Then, based on distance constraints between geophones, local cross-correlation is applied to manipulate those acquired records for further time difference correction and multi-trace records after the second time difference correction are superimposed to form stacking traces, followed by picking the arrivals of microseismic events using the STA/LTA method. Finally, by combining the stacking of first arrival information and the relative correction of time difference, the first arrival time of microseismic events can be obtained. The actual data processing results show that, compared with the conventional multi-trace cross-correlation method, our proposed method reasonably avoids the influence of the offset on the first arrival time, thus effectively improving the accuracy of the first arrival picking of microseismic events.
Application of GeoGME Software in Shallow Oil and Gas Target Exploration
Authors: Hu Zuzhi , Song Shaojiang , Deng Guojun , Liu Juan , Tao Deqiang , Zhao Zhi , Zhang Yongfu
Published: December 2023

GeoGME is a software that can run on Linux and Windows operating systems and has the function of processing and interpreting the whole process of gravity, magnetic and electromagnetic data from field data to final results. In terms of preprocessing of magnetotelluric (MT) data, GeoGME provides several single point denoising methods, in which spatial filtering can be used to achieve good results. For static correction, the influence of static displacement can be suppressed by using man-machine interaction and 2D filtering static correction technique. In terms of inversion, the software also has a variety of inversion processing modules of 1D and 2D. The 2D regularization inversion method is used to process the field MT data from ES basin, and the inversion results show that the electrical characteristics of the shallow layer in resistivity profile are in good agreement with the known electrical logging curves. According to the electrical characteristics of petroliferous formation, the potential target oil and gas enrichment area is preliminarily inferred. The results of test line show that using GeoGME software in shallow target exploration can achieve good geological result.
A Rotational Seismometer Based on Dual-polarization Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Authors: Wu Junzhu , Cao Yuwen , Zhang Dingfan , Rong Chao , Huang He , Jiang Xiao Dong
Published: December 2023

A rotational seismometer based on dual-polarization interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes is designed and demonstrated, it can measure three rotation components at the same time. The angle random walk is about

1.67
×

10

−
4

∘
/

h

. The self-noise ranging from 0.1Hz to 125 Hz is about

7.0
×

10

−
8

rad
/
s
/

Hz

. It can be applied to seismic monitoring, seismic exploration, engineering monitoring and other fields.
Detection Technology of Lining by Comprehensive Wave Field Method
Authors: Wang Yanlong , Tan Chun , Hu Xinmin , Liang Jiawei , Du Lizhi
Published: December 2023

As a permanent supporting structure of underground tunnel, the quality of concrete lining plays a vital role in the long-term stability and normal use of the tunnel. How to accurately detect the thickness and internal defects of tunnel lining concrete and the void of joint surface is a problem of great concern. In this paper, combined with many detection methods in China and abroad, based on the seismic wave theory, a set of detection technology of lining by comprehensive wave field method suitable specially for concrete lining is proposed, and the corresponding detection equipment and processing software are designed and developed, which plays a vital role in the development of lining quality nondestructive detection technology.
Data Management and Application System of Geological Gisaster Monitoring Data
Authors: Cui Fangzi , Li Qiuchen , Cao Yang
Published: December 2023

The geological disaster monitoring data management and application system adopts B/S technology structure, based on data pre-processing technology and comprehensive analysis technology such as statistic calculation of the monitoring data, displacement vector map and comprehensive analysis map of displacement and rainfall, etc., this paper expounds the management and application of geological disaster monitoring data, and solves the problems of the lack of data, the poor quality of data and the lack of analytical models in geological disaster monitoring work. The ability of comprehensive processing and scientific analysis of geological disaster monitoring data has been further improved.
Inflatable boxing pads with air pressure sensor system for measuring kick force in Muay Thai
Authors: Kan K , Wittaya P , Kittipob P , Jennarong P , Meechai T
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on the development of inflatable boxing pads that measure kick force in Muay Thai through an air pressure sensor system integrated with an Arduino board and LabVIEW program. The objective is to calibrate and test the device with Thai boxers and assess its potential as a training tool with online trainers. In this research, we designed an experimental device and wrote a program to establish communication between the computer and the Arduino board via LabVIEW. For the inflatable boxing pads, we used an MPX10DP air pressure sensor to measure kick force. The sensor was integrated into the pads to accurately measure the force of each kick. Subsequently, the inflatable boxing pads were calibrated by applying different weights (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 kg, respectively) on the sensor. We recorded the output voltage corresponding to each weight and found potential differences ranging from 2.500 V to 2.524 V. These values were used to create a calibration curve for the device, which was used to convert voltage output to force measurements. Overall, this methodology allowed us to accurately measure the force of each kick on the inflatable boxing pads, making them a useful tool for Muay Thai training. The study also measured the kicking power of male and female athletes, with light, mid-level, and heavy kicking power ranges of 196.2-392.4 N, 441-637.65 N, and 784.8-1030.05 N, respectively. The inflatable boxing pads show potential as a useful tool in Muay Thai training, especially with the increasing demand for online training.
Development of computer-aided learning with hands-on activities kits on topic of gears for a flipped robotics camp
Authors: Mongkholsiriwattana Chinapat , Phengpom Tinnapob , Precharattana Monamorn
Published: December 2023

Teaching science content on topics that are not included in the Ministry of Education curriculum poses a challenge for school teachers. Teaching and learning must be organized as a form of camp during the weekends. Besides, teachers also must be prepared and designed an extra lesson plan for the camp, which is consisted of important parts such as pieces of knowledge, including introduced learning materials related to the activities as well as any other activities that may occur at the camp. To address the limited learning time during these weekend camps, a 360-degree virtual tour combined with a set of hands-on activity kits thus is introduced. This is designed to develop the essential knowledge and skills related to gear for students before attending the camp. In the 360-degree virtual tour, the virtual camp will be simulated. The various situations and equipment related to the gears will be introduced. The students will be able to learn and develop their prerequisite knowledge and skills by using various tools kits through a computer and the provided kits, which they are able to learn on their own at home as much as they are needed before attending the camp. In this paper, we aim to (i) introduce a development of a 360-degree virtual tour on the topic of gears for a flipped robotics camp and (ii) examine the efficiency of the developed 360-degree virtual tour. Three content experts and technical media experts are enrolled in this study. The results of the 360-degree virtual tour quality examination here are presented in both quantitative and qualitative forms.
Certification of extension tubes for medical use according to TIS 2385-2551
Authors: Kittiwattanokhun A , Naksri K , Keawkaew A , Prakitsuwan D , Leeudomwong T , Sanponpute T
Published: December 2023

The extension tube is a medical device for delivering substances into or out of the body through blood vessels of the patient. To ensure the safety of users and promote the domestic production, the industrial product standard of extension tubes was established as Thai Industrial Standard (TIS) No. 2385-2551: Extension tubes for medical use. Bever Medical Industry (BMI) is a medical device company that manufactures and markets medical supplies for single use. At present, the overall physical requirements standard of extension tubes has not been accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025. This study aims to certify the physical test of extension tubes for medical use and to implement the laboratory quality management system according to ISO/IEC 17025. We set up a laboratory to perform the physical test of extension tubes according to TIS 2385-2551. The measuring equipment was applied appropriately and calibrated by accredited laboratories to ISO/IEC17025 related to metrological traceability. The established laboratory performed the evaluation of measurement uncertainty for some testing and reported the results to the customer as a test certification report. In this study, a total of 1.75 million pieces of extension tubes have been certified the quality improvements. Therefore, it is valuable for entrepreneurs, importers, and exporters in both domestic and international markets.
Study of hydroxyl and nitrite radicals concentration in plasma-activated water by photoluminescence spectroscopy
Authors: Klumpara Ruchapong , Ngamjarurojana Athipong , Boonyawan Dheerawan
Published: December 2023

The atmospheric pressure plasma in water has numerous applications, including utilizing reactive species in the dye degradation process for polluted water remediation. In the current study, an air plasma jet generated atmospheric pressure plasma, transporting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) onto the solution surface, such as OH and NO2 radicals, which immediately developed in an aqueous solution. The identification and concentration of radicals are determined using photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and irradiation over the surface of an aqueous solution. Based on the reaction between hydroxyl ions and terephthalic acid, fluorimetric methods for hydroxyl ions determination are developed. In addition, 2,3-diamino naphthalene was selected for the nitrite reaction. The jet nozzle-to-solution-surface distance, treatment time, and carrier air flow rate substantially impacted determining the radical’s concentration in aqueous solution.
Design and development of OCR software for remote measurement and calibration
Authors: Nanna N , Chanthawong N , Buajarern J
Published: December 2023

The advent of digital technology has led to significant changes in work processes in many organizations and industries worldwide including Thailand. This work aims to apply digital technology to improve measurement and metrology in terms of accuracy, productivity, and variability. We developed machine vision software for monitoring and collecting digital data from measurement systems. The application of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology in metrology is the first step toward digitalization, enabling enterprises to improve their measurement processes by automating data collection, analysis, and management. Moreover, it can be integrated with machine learning algorithms to enhance the automation of complex measurement tasks. To achieve this goal, an OCR software for data recording was designed in the LabVIEW environment. The image captured by the camera is processed by the LabVIEW OCR system which is trained continuously until it can recognize characters consistently and accurately. This software has been tested with the calibration systems which has a seven-segment digital format. The result shows that the software can acquire and transmit the instrument reading with reliable and exceptional accuracy. In addition, it can also reduce the steps and time required for measurement. In conclusion, the application of OCR technology can improve the efficiency, productivity, and accuracy of measurement. It also has a promising potential to enable remote measurement and calibration according to ISO/IEC 17025 possible.
Online physics tutorial using problem-solving worksheet: A case study with preservice science teachers
Authors: Eambaipreuk A , Unyapoti T
Published: December 2023

The research-designed worksheets have been shown in our previous study. They could help engage students during lectures and tutorials. However, it was implemented only in face-to-face teaching. This study aimed to investigate if the worksheet can also help engage students as well as facilitate effective teaching in an online tutorial class. The basic concept of force and motion, particularly a free-body diagram, was applied. The worksheet was structured into three task boxes: 1) interpreting a situation, 2) identifying variables, and 3) drawing the diagram. The approach was trialed with 30 preservice science teachers. In the tutorial, the lecture was reduced to the minimum and the discussion based on the activity in the worksheet was encouraged between students and between students and teacher. Open-ended questions were used as pre- and post-tests to examine students’ understanding. A video clip investigated the interaction during the classroom. The results from the SOLO levels showed that most student difficulties found in the pre-test were reduced. Prior to the tutorial, some students could not identify the forces on an object correctly. After the tutorial, their understanding improved. The normalized gain was in the high-level judging from the post-test. The students’ reflections also revealed positive feedback.
The greybody factor for the monopole and odd-parity modes of the Proca field in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetimes
Authors: Bunjusuwan Supanat , Chen Chun-Hung
Published: December 2023

The greybody factor is one of the famous results of the black hole perturbation theory, which describes the transmission probability of a particle radiated by a black hole into spatial infinity. In this work, we separated the angular parts of the equations of motion and derived the radial equations for the Proca field in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. The radial equations for the monopole and odd-parity modes are fully decoupled in the Schrödinger-like form. We study the greybody factor by determining the rigorous bound.
The relationship between the shape of SPARC rotation curves to the galactic mass model: a chi-square test of independence
Authors: Haethaisong Waeowan , Duangchan Chaimongkol , Wechakama Maneenate
Published: December 2023

Rotation curves of galaxies are strongly related to dark matter and baryonic matter. The gravitational attraction of baryonic matter, e.g., stars and gas, is the dominant force in the inner regions of galaxies, and its distribution determines the shape of the inner rotation curve. In contrast, the outer regions of galaxies are dominated by the gravitational force of dark matter, which is thought to be distributed in a spherical halo around a galaxy. Since the ratio of rotational speed in the inner regions and maximum rotational speed (η
rot) is related to the shape of the galaxy rotation curve, it might be a significant association between this ratio and each combination of matters, or the mass models. Specifically, for dark matter, we assume the Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile. This study explores the use of SPARC data (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves) and categorizes shapes of galaxy rotation curves according to η
rot. For mass models, we classify galaxies by considering the reduced chi-square of the best-fit parameter of each model. To determine whether there is a significant association between η
rot and the mass models, we utilize the chi-square test of independence. The study suggests with a 95% confidence level that there is no relation between the mass models and η
rot.
Transmission spectroscopy analyses of Jovian planets with Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Padjaroen T , Awiphan S , Komonjinda S
Published: December 2023

Studying the chemical compositions of exoplanetary atmospheres provides valuable information about the conditions and characteristics of those atmospheres, which could help search for signs of extraterrestrial life. To date, over 3,000 exoplanets have been discovered using the transit method. The transmission spectroscopy technique, which studies exoplanetary atmospheres during their transits, is widely used to study the atmosphere of transiting exoplanets. Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), an instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), use the transmission spectroscopy technique by observing the spectrum of light curves of transiting exoplanets in optical and infrared wavelengths, which could reveal some molecular absorption in the exoplanetary atmosphere. In this work, we study the atmospheres of 20 transiting exoplanets that are Jovian planets. Light curves of these exoplanets observed by the WFC3 are used to analyze their physical properties using the Iraclis package and transit depth using the TransitFit package, a python exoplanetary fitting package based on nested sampling algorithms. Our physical parameters from TransitFit are approximately the same as those in previous literature. Finally, TauREx 3, a fully Bayesian spectral retrieval code, analyzes the transit depth per wavelength channel and reveals atmospheric compositions of these exoplanetary atmospheres. One notable finding from our analysis is the detection of

5

−
3

+
8

%

H2O abundance in the atmosphere of WASP-63 b.
The first dark sky map of Chiang Rai : three decades of change affecting Astro-tourism
Authors: Changruenngam T , Deetha D , Sukkai C , Youyuenyong P , Sarotsakulchai N , Surina F
Published: December 2023

We present the first Chiang Rai dark sky map, measurements of the calibrated zenith artificial night sky brightness at sea level, which covers data since 1992–2021. The Data were collected from two US satellites including the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program with the Operational Line Scan System (DMSP-OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership with the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS). Images containing ratios of artificial light to natural light were originally excluded from sunlight, solar glare, moon light, lunar illuminance, lightning features from the aurora, clouds, fires and background noise. Based on the correlation between data from the overlapped year 2013, the result showed the great matching relationship between DMSP-OLS and NPP-VIIRS data (R2 = 0.92) which revealed the mathematical model was feasible and reliable. The number of dark sky areas over Chiang Rai in the past 3 decades was classified in 8 classes based on the sky brightness in Bortle scale colour code and in magnitude : 1. Excellent dark sky sites (>21.9 mag, black), 2. Dark sky (21.9-21.5 mag, grey), 3. Rural sky (21.5-21.3 mag, blue), 4. Suburban/Rural transition sky (21.3-20.1 mag, green), 5. Suburban sky (20.1-19.1 mag, yellow), 6. Bright suburban sky (19.1-19.5 mag, orange), 7. City/suburban transition sky (19.5-18.0 mag, red)and 8. City sky (<18.0 mag, white). It was found that 14% of area in Chiang Rai are covering by the bright sky with Bortle class 7 and 8. Within this only 14% of area dwell more than 33% of population that have now already lost naked eye visibility of the Milky Way. In addition, a risk assessment model for dark sky conservation revealed that dark sky area are dramatically becoming extinction. It was suggested that Chiang Rai will not have an area suitable for stargazing by 2040 if there is no designated area for conservation. Our map could ultimately encourage land owners of such dark sky sites to register their properties in the IAU dark sky reserve database to elevate Astro-tourism in Chiang Rai.
Searching for exotic particles in 4 bottom quarks-antiquarks final states with machine learning techniques at the LHC
Authors: Chokeprasert Punnawich , Asawatangtrakuldee Chayanit
Published: December 2023

The standard model (SM) has been a highly successful theory in explaining fundamental particles and their interactions among themselves. However, the SM has not yet explained several phenomena, and many beyond the standard model (BSM) have been introduced to solve these unexplained phenomena. One example is the bulk Randall-Sundrum (RS) model, which proposed a new higher dimensional mechanism for solving the hierarchy problem and predicted the existence of a hypothetical particle, bulk graviton. In this study, we investigate supervised machine learning methods to search for the bulk graviton decays into a pair of the SM Higgs bosons, and each Higgs boson decays into a pair of bottom anti-bottom quarks (

G

KK

*

→
hh
→
b

b

¯

b

b

¯

). We train machine learning models to classify events between

G

KK

*

→
hh
→
b

b

¯

b

b

¯

(signal) and QCD 4b multi-jet (background) processes. The evaluation metrics are calculated in the highest score to compare the classification efficiency between Adaptive Boosting and Neural Networks algorithms after performing feature importance and hyperparameter tuning techniques to optimize the models. The results show that the Neural Networks better classify our signal versus background events with the AUC score of 0.9836, compared to the Adaptive Boosting model of 0.9741. Furthermore, the signal significance is also predicted and scaled to the integrated luminosities of Run 2, Run 3 and HL-LHC, data-taking periods of the LHC. The predictions are obtained at 1.952, 2.858 and 9.037 for the Neural Networks and at 1.968, 2.881 and 9.111 for the Adaptive Boosting.
An attempt to use convolutional neural network to recover layered-earth structure from electrical resistivity tomography survey
Authors: Phueakim K , Amatyakul P , Vachiratienchai C
Published: December 2023

The Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method is a geophysical prospecting technique for determining subsurface structure in terms of electrical resistivity distribution. Direct current is injected into the ground through a pair of electrodes, and the potential difference is measured using another pair of electrodes. The estimated resistivity model of the subsurface is then obtained using a mathematical optimization algorithm called the inversion algorithm, which incorporates multiple measured potential differences from different electrode configurations as the input data. The inverted resistivity model serves as a resource for the interpretation process of the survey. Specialists employ the model and the prior geological information in the area to extract the subsurface geological structure under the data measurement profile. The inverted model can be treated as a two-dimensional image in which each element represents resistivity. The image can be visualized as a blurred or distorted version of the actual resistivity image of the subsurface. We, therefore, developed a post-inversion image enhancement code using a neural network aiming to recover the true subsurface model with predetermined features. We employed the convolutional neural network (CNN) that uses the inverted models as input and returns an enhanced model as output. We tested our developed neural network with a case study that utilized the proposed method to recover the layered earth structure which is often found in real surveys. The electrode spacing was 5 meters in the Schlumberger array configuration. The true subsurface resistivity models of training data and validating data for evaluating the neural network were randomly generated based on the predetermined feature of the layered structure. We then generated their respective inverted models from those data through simulated inversion routine. As a result, 94.75% of the enhanced models in the validation dataset exhibited a lower loss metric compared to the original inverted models in the same validation dataset. We also applied the proposed method to practical field data to recover the subsurface layers and compared them with stratigraphic information from a borehole in each area. The result showed that the proposed method gives well-resolved structures in the enhancement process after the typical inversion.
Effect of solvent annealing in the growth of MAPbI3 for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Phiromruk P , Chartraphorn S
Published: December 2023

Perovskite solar cell (PSC) is recognized as one of the most promising solar cells because of a drastic enhancement in photovoltaic performance. Numerous studies showed that grain size in a perovskite layer plays a vital role in determining the PSC performance. It is expected that the large-sized grains are beneficial for PSCs due to less grain boundaries and reduced non-radiative recombination losses. The perovskite grains can be enlarged by many methods including solvent annealing approach in which an as-prepared perovskite film is annealed under dimethylformamide (DMF) vapor environment. In this work, the effect of the amount of DMF and annealing time on the surface morphology and photovoltaic parameters of PSCs were investigated and compared to the pristine devices. It was found from the inspection with FESEM images that perovskite grains were significantly enlarged as DMF was introduced. As a result, the overall photovoltaic parameters of DMF-based devices are superior to that of the pristine devices. The best device obtained using two rounds of 50 µL DMF for 15 minutes annealing shows maximum power conversion efficiency of 18.0% compared to 15.3% of the pristine devices.
Synthesis and characterization of TiO2-graphene heterostructured quantum dots by electrochemical process
Authors: Thanasanvorakun Siripatsorn , Sintiam Thanakrit , Choopun Supab , Phadungdhitidhada Surachet , Sucharitakul Sukrit
Published: December 2023

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a trendily attractive semiconductor owing to its optical and electrical properties within the UV-visible range. Nevertheless, limitations such as instability in the UV range and rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers leading to poor efficiency in photoactivity are major limiting factors that hold back the application of the materials on large scale. In order to tackle the stated issues, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), with their high carrier conductivity, UV-stability and thermal conductivity, can be used to improve TiO2’s flaws as optoelectronic materials. As a suitable edge transporter and modifier, GQDs can be grown as heterostructure well-bonded with TiO2 quantum dots. This material modification can lead to combined benefits of using TiO2 QDs’ preferable optoelectronic properties in UV-visible range and GQDs’ high conductivity and stability. This allows the synthesis of heterostructured quantum dots that can be tailored towards wide range of applications such as electron transport layer materials in perovskite solar cells or highly stable colloidal-based photocatalysts. In this study, TiO2/GQDs nanocomposites were synthesized using a solution-based electrochemical process with citric acid and potassium chloride (KCl) acting as electrolytes. Our proposed recipe yielded heterostructured QDs with average size of 3.44 nm well below the exciton Bohr radius of both TiO2 and graphene and hydrodynamic sizes around 45-59 nm with zeta potential in range of -24 to 30 mV. This yielded colloidal solution with stability and surface ion tunability based on KCl concentration with 0.3 M being the most stable recipe. Additionally, absorption band edge can also be tuned within the range of 2.8-3.9 eV which can be adjusted with concentration of KCl based on the desired applications.
Quantum transport in double tilted Dirac cone junction
Authors: Sukprasert Nawapan , Saipaopan Chaiyawan , Choopan Wachiraporn , Liewrian Watchara
Published: December 2023

We investigate quantum transport in tilt-inhomogeneous Dirac cone system, which partially mimic the behaviours of a double-pseudomagnetic-barrier structure. Exploring the effects of Dirac cone tilt helps us understand electron transmission probabilities through the barriers. Our results demonstrate significant enhancement of tunnelling transport properties by adjusting barrier parameters and the Dirac cone’s tilt angle. This study has important implications for optimizing resonant-tunnelling quantum devices based on the heterostructure, paving the way for novel quantum device development.
Development and evaluation of boron carbide-modified unsaturated polyester resin for use as neutron radiation Protection
Authors: Kaewsrithong Kanisorn , Suriwong Tawat , Julphunthong Phongthorn , Torkittikul Pincha , Disuea Panisara , Nochaiya Thanongsak
Published: December 2023

Neutrons are electrically neutral particles that can penetrate through various materials and interact with atomic nuclei. Neutrons can emit radiation with varying degrees of energy, which can be harmful to both living organisms and the environment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the thermal neutron (0.025 eV) shielding properties of unsaturated polyester resin with boron carbide content ranging from 0 to 20 wt% for use as neutron shielding materials. The FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate the interactions between thermal neutrons and materials with a thickness of 5 cm. The total cross-section, mean free path, and half-value thickness were calculated to assess the shielding properties of materials. The results indicated that as the boron carbide content increased, the total cross-section increased while the mean free path and half-value thickness decreased. In addition, the polyester resin with 20 wt% of boron carbide exhibited the best properties for shielding thermal neutrons. Thus, this study suggests that unsaturated polyester resin containing boron carbide can be used as an effective material for shielding thermal neutrons.
Graphene quantum dots based fluorescent biosensor for nitrogen detection of urea fertilizer
Authors: Rodkate N , Suwanwong S , Srisawat K , Timsorn K
Published: December 2023

A simple and fast fabrication of fluorescent biosensor based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for agricultural application is presented. Graphene oxide was used as a starting material for GQDs synthesis by hydrothermal method. Optical properties and morphology of the synthesized GQDs were characterized by UV-Vis, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the synthesized GQDs exhibited spherical shape with their average diameter of 5.70 nm. The UV-Vis and PL spectra showed typical adsorption peak and maximum emission peak of the synthesized GQDs at 330 nm and 472 nm, respectively. To study sensing performance of fluorescent biosensor for nitrogen detection, aqueous solution of GQDs was mixed with different concentrations of nitrogen solution. According to PL spectra result, it is found that PL intensity of GQDs solution significantly increased corresponding to higher concentrations of nitrogen solution. This result suggests that fluorescent biosensor based on GQDs may be an alternative technique for primary nutrient detection in soils.
Spectroscopic FTIR study for pathway of ribose formation via formose reaction in Astrochemistry
Authors: Homnan S , Chimupala Y , Jaikla W , Jitevisate M , Nimmanpipug P , Suwannajak C , Wongkummoon P , Rimjaem S
Published: December 2023

Ribose is one of the crucial molecular species in the study of the origin of life as it is the backbone of ribonucleic acid (RNA). On the early Earth, sugars including ribose are thought to be formed through formose reaction. Ribose and other organic molecules were also found in meteorites, signifying their existence in interstellar space, providing them with the essential components for prebiotic chemistry. The formose reaction can produce a mixture of simple sugars from formaldehyde molecules. In our study, we successfully synthesized sugars using the formose reaction under both thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. Notably, sugars were obtained within a remarkably short duration of 1 minute under microwave irradiation. The identification and characterization of the synthesized products were achieved through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Fehling’s test, confirming the successful synthesis of sugars and the presence of aldehyde and alcohol functional groups. In addition, we propose an alternative pathway for sugar synthesis, which holds promise for further exploring the formose reaction in astrochemical experiments.
A development of a calibration method for field pyranometers using satellite image data
Authors: Tohsing K , Pattarapanittchai S , Janjai S
Published: December 2023

In this work, a calibration method for deriving a sensitivity of field pyranometers using Himawari satellite image data was developed. The purposed method representing a relation between 10–bit digital counts ranging between 0–1023 from satellite data and global solar irradiance of a standard pyranometer measured at Nakhon Pathom (13.82 °N, 100.04 °E) was investigated and it was found to be an exponential relation. Afterward, this model was applied to estimate the sensitivity of field pyranometers installed at three meteorological monitoring stations located in the main regions of Thailand namely, Chaing Mai in the North (18.78 °N, 98.98 °E), Ubon Ratchathani in the Northeast (15.52 °N, 104.87 °E) and Songkhla in the South (7.20 °N, 100.60 °E) for the validation. The results showed that the sensitivity of field pyranometers derived from satellite data and that obtained from the standard outdoor calibration method of ISO9847 was in a very good agreement with a discrepancy between both datasets of about 1%.
Utilization Of Pahae Natural Zeolite In The Production Of Polymer Concrete Using Corn Shell Fiber And Polyurethane Resin As Adhesive
Authors: Maghfirah Awan , Zega Adelina Febriyanti , Sudiati  , Sinuhaji Perdinan , Nabilla Tyra , Utari Gita Triani
Published: December 2023

Research has been carried out on polymer concrete with Pahae natural zeolite aggregate and corn husk fibers and polyurethane resin fibers as adhesives using a hot press at 170 ° for 30 minutes, which aims to determine the optimum composition in the manufacture of polymer concrete, namely the ratio of sand: zeolite: shell fiber corn with composition (60:25:0), (60:23:2), (60:21:4), (60:19:6), (60:17:8), (60:15:10) in units of weight with variations in the addition of 15% polyurethane resin, composition (60:20:0), (60:18:2), (60:16:4), (60:14:6), (60:12: 8), (60:10:10) in units of % by weight with variations in the addition of 20% polyurethane resin and compositions (60:15:0), (60:13:2), (60:11:4), (60: 9:6), (60:7:8), (60:5:10) in units of % by weight with variations in the addition of 25% polyurethane resin. The test results showed that the optimum mechanical properties in the compressive strength test were 21,574 MPa, flexural strength was 48,249 MPa, and tensile strength was 660,657 MPa. As well as the results of elemental and morphological analysis showing the pores developed, polyurethane’s dispersion, and the elements loaded in the polymer concrete samples.