bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building environmental awareness for future generation through educational comic: the story of 4th-grade students Darussalam elementary school, Panongan, Tangerang
Authors: Katoppo M L , Irwandi E , Ng A H , Lie S
Published: May 2020

In the past 20 years, our deteriorating environment has become a global problem. Sustainable development has become our goals for a better future. In its SDG’s 2015-2030, the United Nation has shown that people and the continuity of the environment are integral. Sustainability means that it would provide for the recent generation necessities, without risking the needs of future generations. The research focus is building environmental awareness for the 4th-grade students of Darussalam Elementary School, Panongan Regency, Tangerang. The propose strategy is by inserting educational comic through their formal Environment Education subject. It is develop through active engagement with the students as well as the teacher and Darussalam school environment using Participatory Action Research combine with Design Thinking methods. The result will be an educational comic that promotes environmental awareness that is connected to the school physical and learning environment. In the same time the comic will sparks the children’s imagination and ask them to put their knowledge from the book into action. This strategy of correlate people (the children), place (identity) and use (knowledge and action) is deemed effective in building sustainable environmental awareness for the future generation and has the potential to replicate nationwide.
Development of Japanese Community in Blok M area seen from aspect of business and industry
Authors: Jonathan C , Marion E C , Dewi P A
Published: May 2020

The rate of migration of Japanese people to Indonesia in 2008 was quite large and because of that many Japanese people living in Indonesia, especially in the capital city, Jakarta. Japanese people who lived in Jakarta can be referred to as Japanese communities because they became local people and did social interactions in the area where they lived. The Blok M area of Jakarta is one of the areas frequented by Japanese people in Jakarta since the 90s. Business people built businesses and industries in the area around Blok M to complement and attract the attention of the Japanese. From Japanese restaurants to the night entertainment industry like karaoke and clubs/bars. Because of this, a lot of Japanese people who often go to Blok M to eat in restaurants or looking for night entertainment. From the cultural side, Blok M has an annual event that has been around since 2010, namely Ennichisai. This Japanese festival is full of Japanese culinary and traditional to modern Japanese shows. This research used Ethnographic research methods and community concepts to examine more deeply about the Japanese community in Blok M. The purpose of this research is to reveal the development of the Japanese community in the Blok M area if viewed through the aspects of business and industry.
Sampan Kajang: the orang laut’s maritime cultural heritage in the East Coast of Sumatra
Authors: Azhari Ichwan , Tanjung Ida Liana , Sihite Onggal
Published: May 2020

This article aims to analyze the history and existence of sampan kajang as the Orang Laut’s maritime cultural heritage in East Coast Coast of Sumatra. The results of the research showed that the sampan kajang had existed in the East Coast Coast of Sumatra since the 7th century AD. The archaeologis findings in the area of Kayu Agung Komering Hilir, South Sumatra showed similarities in the name and shape of the sampan kajang used by the Orang Laut in East Coast of Sumatra that we still can watch now. Before the 1980s, sampan kajang was home to the Orang Laut in living nomadic lives at sea. All activities of family members, like fishing, cooking, eating, sleeping, sexual activity to birth, are carried out on a sampan kajang. But now almost all of Orang Laut the East Coast of Sumatra is dwelling on the land. The integral function of the sampan kajang as their line of life has moved to the stage house in coastal. In the Lingga Archipelago, the sampan kajang is currently only used when they will go bekelam for a short time. Orang Laut Duano in Riau and Jambi, even only remember sampan kajang as a reminder of their ancestors’. Modernization further alienates and obscures the existence of sampan kajang as an endangered identity and cultural heritage of the Orang Laut in the East Coast of Sumatra.
Applying e-commerce marketing for global economic development in Medan
Authors: Stella  , Ginting B , Saidin O K , Azwar T K D
Published: May 2020

The information technology development has increased the trading throughout the world. The goods and services trading business use e-commerce to develop marketing strategies, including Medan. In 2018 the community who used the e-commerce in trading as much as 54,68%, but in 2019 it had been increasing become 64,8%. However, the influence of technological advances is increasingly widespread in a variety of potential challenges faced by both business, individuals and society. This present has been an appealing situation to discuss the concept of e-commerce, which can improve the economy. This research uses the prescriptive normative method. The data are legal rules and practices to occur in e-commerce trading of goods and services. This study shows the existence of the seller provide price higher than the market prices, the seller doesn’t send the quality goods to the online buyers, and the seller doesn’t confirm payments of the online buyers. It makes the negative impact on the consumer confidence to the seller, but also hampering the economic development of society. E-commerce sellers should apply the green marketing concept and conduct the legal marketing responsibility. The implementation of green marketing concept is beneficial not only for customer, but also for the regional development.
Law enforcement on the issuance of construction permits violating spatial planning in Medan City
Authors: Anton  , Ediwarman  , Madiasa  , Hamdan M
Published: May 2020

Law enforcement on the issuance of Construction Permits that violates spatial planning is needed in revitalizing the spatial planning map. The process of law enforcement often raises new problems in the process of spatial planning implementation. In practice, violations of a spatial arrangement seem to be ignored by government. Result of the legalization was changing the existing spatial planning. The research used juridical-normative by analyzing and reviewing through the legal approach which is carried out by examining all laws and regulations relating to law enforcement issuance of building permits that violate spatial planning in Medan. It can be concluded that Law enforcement for building permits that are not only in accordance with spatial planning but also necessary as a revitalization of spatial plan maps, to be able to comprehensively know what area have been established. Implementation of sanctions according to Perda No. 6 of 2011 concerning Specific Licensing tends to be mild so as not to create a deterrent effect for violators, plus a lack of supervision, and law enforcement resulting in frequent violations.
Housing preference of small scale Gated Community residents in Medan City, Indonesia
Authors: Aulia Dwira Nirfalini , Chrisen Kenny
Published: May 2020

Gated Community is a private housing area, which originally had a public domain. Areas that were previously accessible, such as roads, open spaces, and parks, are limited by the provision of fences. Gated Community includes several categories in establishing an elite housing. That category includes lifestyle, prestige, and security. The Gated community were divided into several groups, namely large scale groups, medium scale, and small scale. The purpose of the researches is to discover the characteristics and reviewing the preferences of the small scale Gated Community residents in Medan City. The independent variable is the internal and external factor of housing preferences, which contains demographic factors, socio-economic factors, and cultural factors. The dependent variable is the individualistic level of Gated Community residents such as education, income, ethnic, religion, and the age of household. The research methodology is using a quantitative descriptive method, while the data collection method is by using interview and questionnaire approaches. The main goal of this research is to find the housing preference of Gated Community residents which indicate the habitant preferences and characteristic. While according to the researcher, the result may aim towards to more closed environments and more distinct cultures.
Root development in mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata under different shade intensities
Authors: Basyuni M , Yuriswan W , Bimantara Y
Published: May 2020

The reduced area of mangrove forests due to various pressures required rehabilitation activities throughout the damaged area of mangrove forests. Rhizophora mucronata is one of the plants in the mangrove ecosystem that has stilted roots to stand the ocean waves. It is necessary to provide R. mucronata seedlings in mangrove rehabilitation. This study aims to determine the best shade intensity for root growth of R. mucronata seedlings. This research was conducted in the nursery of Jaring Halus Village, Langkat, North Sumatra, during three months cultivation. This research used the utterly random design with five treatments, namely 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of shading, for ten replications. The results showed that 0% shade intensity had a better growing number of primary and secondary roots and root length than the others of shade intensity. In this study, it is also estimated that the spacing planting of R. mucronata seedlings was better at 3 x 2 meters for rehabilitation activity.
Analysis of the effectiveness of evacuation paths in terms of mall visitors evacuation speed (Case Study: Mall Palladium)
Authors: Rahman N V , Nadapdap M H
Published: May 2020

The Mall is a shopping center that focuses on a department store consisting of retail and restaurants with the shop typologies facing a corridor that serves to connect all shops. Generally, a mall has three floors or more and has various human activities inside. Fire Protection System is a system consisting of equipment, supplementary, and facilities in building to protect the building and their environment against fire disaster. Fire Passive Protection System can prevent mortality and fatal damage to the building so that the security and safety of the mall users will be more secure. Evacuation is a way to survive from the dangers that happened around so that the components to support evacuation must be well maintained. The observation method is used to determine the effectiveness of the evacuation path based on the speed of evacuation of the user and to determine the current condition. The simulation method uses Arena software that is used to determine the speed of evacuation of occupants (in this case, Case Study: Palladium Mall). The final results of this study are in the form of recommendations for the design of evacuation lines that are optimal for fire protection in buildings.
Evaluation of Fire Passive Protection System in Housing (Case Study: Tegal Sari II Mandala, Medan)
Authors: Rahman N V , Ginting A S
Published: May 2020

Fire disaster is one of disaster that causes many losses to many parties both material and life losses. As the Indonesian population increases, housing and residence also continue to increase as well. However, limited areas and uneven population growth cause uneven development of housing. Many developments are done without considering the residence comfort and safety, so they are very vulnerable to disaster. Fire passive protection system is one of the building protection from the danger of fires. Tegal Sari II Mandala Medan is one of the densely populated housing area that continues to grow in Medan. As the housing keeps growing, this area needs a fire protection system that meets standards. This study aims to evaluate the effectivity level of passive protection systems in a housing area with a case study in Tegal Sari II Mandala, Medan City. The data analysis method that is used is a descriptive qualitative method by describing the physical data from the residential environment, which is being observed. Then, the collected data is evaluated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Method. The result of the study designs that are more protective of the danger of fires in the environment and buildings.
Designing for behavioral change: Transforming of rural home into tourism facilities
Authors: Sofiana Y
Published: May 2020

Travel to rural areas provides a different experience for tourists by offering a lifestyle in rural areas. One of them is by providing an experience of staying with the villagers (homestay). However, the demands of tourists for homestay facilities will affect the behavior and habits of the village community. How the adaptability of both parties changes the current behavior and lifestyle so that it can impact the design of facilities. The purpose of this paper is to identify the changes in behavior and lifestyle of both parties to initiate the design of tourist facilities in the homestay to meet the requirements of tourist attractions. The theories, a survey, and observation conducted were supported by literature reviews with a particular focus on existing facilities in the homestay. The study results have shown that behavioral and lifestyle adaptations from both parties make a positive contribution to initiate a proper design in a homestay by tourist standard.
Spatial adaptation strategies of HBE in Kampong Batik Trusmi Cirebon
Authors: Ramadhani Virginia , Sulistiani Coriesta Dian , Kusuma Nevine Rafa
Published: May 2020

Home-Based Enterprise is a business that relies on households [1]. With the existence of dual-function at home, both economic and domestic activities that are mutually mixed will ultimately affect the interiority of its inhabitants. In Indonesia, HBE is one of the implemented business entities, and many of them are engaged in the creative economy sector, one of which is Batik production. The Case Study was one of the HBE houses batik in the Trusmi Cirebon area. In Trusmi, there are many batik artisans use their homes as places to produce batik. The process of Batik Tulis has many process stages and requires considerable space for each stage. The question of this research is what kind of interior adaptation implemented in balancing domestic and economic activities, which is batik creating. This research also identifies the factors that influence the applied adaptations at HBE. The author takes a sample of a house that carry out Batik Tulis production, which involves many processes that occur in one house. In the discussion, the effects of the stages of the batik process on space adaptation applied by the occupants of the house to balance economic and domestic activities will be identified.
Obligations of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) certification for oil palm plantation companies in North Sumatera to support sustainable development
Authors: Firdaus M , Kamello T , Saidin O K , Sunarmi
Published: May 2020

The international oil palm plantation business, there are two well-known certifications, namely the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) and the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). They are both certifications of oil palm plantations that adhere to sustainable and environmentally sound principles, the former being mandatory while the latter being voluntary. The obligation of ISPO is regulate by the Ministry of Agriculture Regulation No. 19 of 2011 concerning Guidelines for Sustainable Oil Palm Plantation in Indonesia. The ISPO certification required by the Government to be obtained by oil palm plantation companies can contribute to all stakeholders. ISPO certification allows oil palm plantation companies to export CPO to the Southeast Asian market, Medan being the connecting satellite city. There are several head offices of oil palm plantation companies in Medan which contribute in the form of levies and export taxes. Also, the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program is conduct in the Medan region. Every oil palm plantation company under ISPO certification must be audit for its compliance, including the implementation of the CSR Program. The increase in CPO exports originating from oil palm plantation companies in Sumatra can indirectly turn the wheels of the economy Medan. Locally-generated revenue increases with licensing fees from the head offices of plantation companies in Medan.
A preliminary test of solar roof top in Medan city of Indonesia
Authors: Sihombing Hendrik V. , Ambarita Himsar
Published: May 2020

A friendly city must be developed with low carbon emission to make it also friendly for climate change. Solar energy resource is abundantly present around the roof. Solar roof top is a promising application to build a friendly city. In this work, a preliminary test of solar roof top in Medan city of Indonesia is carried out. Eight Solar PV modules are installed on the roof of a building in Medan. The specifications of each module are as follows. The rated power and Voltage are 250Watt peak and 30.5 Volt, respectively. The dimension and the weight of each module are 160 mm × 992 mm × 35 mm and 19 kg, respectively. The solar irradiation, voltage and current are measured and recorded. The performances of the system are discussed.
Green Area of Daan Mogot low-cost apartement (Rusunawa) in West Jakarta as one efforts to create sustainable built environment
Authors: Ulinata
Published: May 2020

Government of DKI Jakarta build a vertical residential in West Jakarta, i.e. Daan Mogot Area of Green Low-Cost Apartment (Rusunawa) which is an area where the green concept is applied to the entire development infrastructure as an approach design in order to obtain the quality of comfort for occupants without neglecting the environmental sustainability. This research aims to find out if the Green Area of Daan Mogot Low-Cost Apartment (Rusunawa) in West Jakarta can be an effort to realizing a sustainable built environment. The method use is quantitative methods by interview that use random sampling technique as much as 40 respondents representing 8 blocks of apartments that including three aspects such as environmental aspects, economic and social foundation of the cultural. Assessment of sustainability standards in the Green Area of DaanMogot Low-Cost Apartment (Rusunawa) in West Jakarta still must be upgraded to be able to reach the maximum value of the sustainability of the built environment through the socialization, which is expected to be a pilot project area of Green Building in Jakarta as well as being the main reference and basis for stakeholders who will build other buildings, especially vertical occupancy in order to realizing a sustainable built environment.
The changing effects through biophilic design in increasing elderly memory capacity. Case study: Sasana Tresna Werdha Yayasan Karya Bakti Ria Pembangunan, Cibubur
Authors: Felly R , Susanto D
Published: May 2020

The degradation of cognitive function (memory) is one of the senile symptoms. The elders with age over 60 years old have a higher risk of having this disease. A design approach that can fulfill these needs is called biophilic design. The biophilic design gives a sustainable design strategy that considers the relationship between human and natural environment. The biophilic design aims to create a natural-based habitat by integrating nature with natural materials as well as natural shape into space. This research aimed to find how biophilic design could help to improve the elder’s memory in Sasana Tresna Werdha. An Instrument used in this research was 43 biophilic design assessment instrument points, which were developed based on 14 biophilic design patterns to identify the presence of biophilic design quantitatively. To measure the elder’s memory, this research used The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) table. This research conducted for 1.5 months. The biophilic design could affect the decrease in dementia level in elders with ages ranging from 60-85 years old that located in STW Ria Pembangunan, Cibubur. It will be a great implementation in any building function to improve the human’s quality of life, in this case, is increasing human memory.
Transportation planning on green campus
Authors: Fachrudin Hilma Tamiami
Published: May 2020

Sustainable transportation planning is one indicator of measuring green campus. The transportation system has an influence on CO2 emissions in the campus environment. Transportation policy plays a crucial role in managing the number and type of vehicles that are allowed on campus. This study aims to analyze transportation planning within the campus that supports the application of the green concept on campus based on the perception of students as users. The use of campus buses and bicycles by students may help to realize the green campus. Planning interconnected buildings and corridors is part of transportation planning. The research method is quantitative with descriptive analysis. The study was conducted at the Universitas Sumatera Utara with 100 students as respondents. Universitas Sumatera Utara has campus buses and campus bicycle used by students every day. The results of the study indicate that the campus must have interconnected pedestrian lane between buildings and provide rewards to campus bus and bicycle users. Excellent transportation planning supported by campus management can help realize a green campus.
Assessment of accessibility of recreational facilities through identification and mapping focus on Greater Jos, Plateau State Nigeria
Authors: Wash Peter Musa , Badaruddin Mohamed , Mohd Ismail
Published: May 2020

This paper provides a review of assessing the accessibility to recreational facilities owing to the fact of a theory that services are high in demand but few in supply. An integrated qualitative method was employed in this research, using the Geometrical Data Analysis and Point Mode which identified and map out the various recreational activity areas. It touches on the concept and policy as it affects recreational facility provision. The challenges range from distance to a recreational facility, high cost of transportation to a recreational facility area, and inadequate recreational facility as it relates to population threshold. It further discusses the random distribution as it affects the different sectors. Based on the problems mentioned, suggestions were offered to achieve equity in distribution, appropriateness and proper location of the recreational facilities. Thus, the need to make provision of recreational facilities achievable according to the laid down policies and strategies to areas of disadvantage, which invariably connotes easy reach and enhances the development of a friendly city.
The effect of road expansion on the use of space(case study: Simpang Ujung Aji Road section - the boundary of Kabanjahe City, North Sumatra)
Authors: Harahap SNH , Marisa A , Nasution AD
Published: May 2020

The Simpang Ujung Aji road section - the boundary of Kabanjahe City is the road that connects the city of Medan and the city of Banda Aceh. Under one of the missions of the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, road widening activities carried out on this road section to improve the accessibility of the area resulting in increased growth of the intersection. This study aims to examine the effect of widening road on space utilization seen from changes in land use before and after. The research approach uses a qualitative approach. The results of the analysis show that road widening affects changes in spatial use, as evidenced by changes in the area of land use and building additions along the road corridors. The results can be used as a reference for academics to be further developed in conducting research in other locations that will be the location of development activities and used as input and information for the Central Government or Karo District Government in making decisions for regional development related to changes in spatial use due to road widening.
Urban analysis: reading the elements and layers of Asian cities, a case study of Banda Aceh-Indonesia
Authors: Rahmayati Y
Published: May 2020

Asian cities often experience complex urban problems, mainly due to weak regulations to respond to the changes. There is a need to answer these problems. Using Banda Aceh as the case, this study examines the transformation of the city form through reading the urban elements and layers from historical chronological order focuses on the inner city and its surrounded areas. The aim is to identify the physical and non-physical primary elements and the ordinary layers of the city, as well as analyze the symbolical, sociological, historical, morphological layers and their transformation from time to time. Historical and typo-morphological methodology were used by comparing maps and building styles supported with photographs collected through a series of field observation and from literature. The analysis was divided into pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial, and post-tsunami disaster periods. Findings from this study shows that there are three main factors that contribute to the transformation of Banda Aceh: the past international trading activities, colonialism, and the tsunami. This study provides a reference for urban designers and planners to understand the complexity of the urban form of the Asian cities which can also be utilized by policy-makers to control regulations for urban development, particularly in Asia.
The study of public perceptions on the quality service of Trans Mebidang Bus
Authors: Lubis Yusuf Aulia , Nasution Ahmad D , Marissa Amy
Published: May 2020

Transportation is a pivotal thing that supports everyday human life and the movement of logistics goods. The transportation system is said to be good if the cost is economical and affordable. However, it seems that the city of Medan has not been implemented, costs are only determined by the government and public transport organizations without involving the community. The low quality of services in terms of safety, comfort, feasibility, ease and efficiency of public transport, provide a feeling that is less comfortable and safe for users of public transport services. The increasing number of people using private vehicles in the city of Medan increases traffic congestion which results in longer travel times, due to many vehicles and lower speeds. The point is that private vehicle users cause congestion, inefficiency in the use of road space, and reduce road capacity. To reduce congestion in the city of Medan, the Medan city government held collaboration with Deli Serdang Regency and Binjai City; Trans Mebidang Bus was established to overcome the bottleneck. Therefore, the researchers are keen to find out the quality service of the bus through the public perception.
Study of building arrangements in the old city corridor of Tanjung Pura
Authors: Ginting Nurlisa , Marpaung B O Y , Maspuri Indriana Sri
Published: May 2020

As in other cities in Indonesia, economic development, population growth is one of the causes of the physical changes in the Chinatown shop building on the Sudirman Street corridor in the old city of Tanjung Pura. The building turned into a modern building, which caused the loss of old buildings as a characteristic and identity of Tanjung Pura city as one of the historical cities that distinguishes it from the other cities in Indonesia. To prevent the deterioration of the physical, functional and visual character of this historic region, it is necessary to arrange a building arrangement on Sudirman Street in the old city of Tanjung Pura.

The research method used in this study is a qualitative methodology, with indicators based on variables obtained from the foundation to find the visual characteristics of the building structure and the factors that influence the structure of the building. The indicators are arranged based on variables then used as benchmarks in finding data and analyzing.
The production of the new space as the solution of outdoor space planning problem
Authors: Siagian M , Sitorus R , Eddy F
Published: May 2020

The outdoor space has been an interesting part of a university. Many universities create their images by the outdoor spaces designs. As Lefebvre stated that those are called abstract space, the university commodity them. The other spaces are called as lived space, there the users live with cold and hot life and emerged the interaction between groups. Fakultas Ilmu Budaya (FIB) is one faculty in Universitas Sumatera Utara, demonstrates the dynamic outdoor spaces built by their expression needs. The spaces are not safe for they are built by themselves. Illegally, not only for their performance but also for their image. Students are performing their ideas on music and discussing their thoughts in there. The spaces are created naturally along with existing buildings which many times are destroyed by the faculty management. However, students are struggling to have. By the qualitative research method, the research is done by observing and interviewing students continuously. This paper shows how the spaces are not planning matters, but they are also people part of the expression of ideas and thoughts. The student feels happy and sad, free but fear, optimistic and pessimistic, real and unreal. New spaces as the production of students emerged for those.
Study on semiotica in urban vernacular: A case study of shop houses
Authors: Farahdina D , Loebis M N , Marpaung B O Y , Lindarto D , Abdillah W
Published: May 2020

Historical development of Shop Houses closely related to the cultural transformation of the society as can be clearly seen in historical civilization. Domination of Western Civilization cannot be denied as reflected in global culture in nearly every country. The shop houses, that originated in China has carried out the adaptation and transformation of China, Western and local architecture as well which lead to the change of its facade. This transformation is widely believed, has dispersed through the intense communication (semiotics) which has influenced the local population, who later accept this shop houses, especially in urban areas. This research applied the descriptive method which stressed the role of semiotic with a number of variables and indicators in order to find the main reason for accepting the shop houses culturally. In line with the theory frame work and preceding researches, there are some significant variables which consist of independent variables, in this case is social media, while dependent variables are the aspects of local culture namely religious aspect, affinities, economic. The results of this research can be used as guide lines for urban semiotics studies and society participatory development.
Enhancement of biogas production from pineapple waste by acid-alkaline pretreatment
Authors: Wichitsathian B. , Yimrattanabavorn J. , Wonglertarak W.
Published: May 2020

The present study examined the effect of acid-alkaline pretreatment on pineapple waste for the performance on the anaerobic digestion. The acid-alkaline pretreatment was carried out by varying pH values from 2 to 12 using HCl and NaOH, and the mixtures were agitated at 250 rpm with the contact time of 24 hrs. The overall result showed that SCOD concentrations increased when pH values were increased. The value of biodegradability of raw waste was about 0.304. The BOD/COD ratios increased to 0.439 and 0.473 for pH 7 and pH 9, respectively. However, the BOD/COD ratios decreased for adjusted pH 12. For BMP test at pH 7, the removal efficiencies were 76.34%, 91.69% and 84.69% for TS, VS and COD, respectively, which were the higher efficiency than other conditions. It was also the optimal condition for the gas production rate because the pretreated pine apple waste was hydrolyzed much the organic matter into the soluble forms that can be immediately consumed by the anaerobic digestion process.
Densities of n-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid (TAPS) + glycol (DEG / TEG / T4EG) + water
Authors: De Jesus Medarlo B. , Soriano Allan N. , Li Meng-Hui , Adornado Adonis P.
Published: May 2020

In this present work, density of ternary system containing n-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid (TAPS), glycol, and water was presented. The considered glycols are diethylene glycol (DEG), triethylene glycol (TEG), and tetraethylene glycol (T4EG). The measurements were done over a temperature range of 298.15 to 343.15 K at normal atmospheric pressure. Different concentrations (4 to 16 % by weight TAPS or 56 to 44 % water, in a fixed amount of glycol – 40 %) were used. The effects of temperature and compositions on the measured properties were discussed and then correlated based on the equation proposed for aqueous salt-glycol systems. Calculation results show that the applied model was satisfactory in representing the measured property of the considered ternary aqueous solutions containing TAPS and glycol.
Removal of triclosan in municipal wastewater by using an enzymatic method
Authors: Lugo-Bueno S , Becerril-Bravo J E , Barrios-Perez J A , Cano A , Ornelas-Soto N
Published: May 2020

Currently, wastewater treatment has received attention as one of the most relevant activities to ensure environmental sustainability. This is due to the increased consumption of chemicals as many of them enter directly or indirectly into the environment through effluent discharge, causing pollution of water bodies, which consequently have negative effects in humans. Herein, in this study was focused on the elimination of triclosan (Contaminant of Emerging Concern, CEC) in wastewater, by using immobilized lignolitic enzymes (laccases). Moreover, an electrochemical oxidation pretreatment was applied over the effluents in order to improve the biocatalytic removal performance of Triclosan. Laccase from P. sanguineus CS43 was covalently bonded onto titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles whose surface was previously functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde. The optimized parameters used in the electrooxidation for pH, current density and treatment time were 2, 10 mA/cm2, and 76 min, respectively. The monitoring of triclosan concentration was carried out by means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC-MS).
Implementation of new concepts in waste management in tourist metropolitan areas
Authors: Burlakovs J , Jani Y , Kriipsalu M , Grinfelde I , Pilecka J , Hogland W
Published: May 2020

The urban waste in tourist cities needs comprehensive global research efforts and proceeded action as for metropolitan areas huge impact and load on waste management is generated. Waste management and resource conservation strategies are prepared in state-of-the-art level however implementation and future improvement of the current situation is crucial. Some examples in waste prevention and management for better tourism, waste and resource management are provided in the paper as outcomes from Horizon2020 project “Urban Strategies for Waste Management in Tourist Cities”. The policy and tools based on information gathered by scientists, municipal and NGOs experience (e.g. separation of bio-waste in catering industries, “sin-wastes” as from the bars, nightclubs and smoker places, reuse of unnecessary items that can serve for others and many more) are described. In addition, regulatory instruments (e.g. ban of plastic bags, reduction of allowed bio-waste in landfilling), economic instruments (taxes) and voluntary agreements (e.g. deposit systems; cleaning actions by volunteers) might be used to implement and elaborate the situation within environmental management and prevention practices in tourist metropolitan cities. Food waste prevention, beach and littoral management, special practices for festival waste and large amount specific waste generating facilities (e.g., entertainment industry, cruises etc.) are of high importance. The future outlook may be concentrated on digitalizing of waste flows and using the “big data” concept for better and smarter waste management.
Bycatch sea cucumber Holothuria scabra processing and the quality characteristics
Authors: Aprianto R , Amir N , Kasmiati  , Matusalach  , Fahrul  , Syahrul  , Tresnati J. , Tuwo A
Published: May 2020

Sea cucumbers are marine invertebrate animals that have high economic value. Indonesia is the main exporter of trepang over the world; however, this trepang export has not yet contributed to the improvement of community welfare. The low quality of trepang produced by Indonesia makes the economic value of trepang was still low. The low quality was caused by changes in processing stages due to decreasing the wild catch. Since the ban of the mini trawl use (cantrang), fishermen only process the bycatch sea cucumbers Holothuria scabra or sandfish. Trepang produce from sandfish is the most expensive one; the price can reach 3-5 million per kg. The study aims to analyze the quality and analyze the potential of developing the quality of trepang produce using sandfish. The decrease in sandfish catch volume after the Danish seine ban prohibits the stage changes in sandfish processing. Elimination of fumigation stage, the addition of storage in the refrigerator, addition of boiling, overcooking, and using excessive papaya leaves, were the main causes of less than the minimum value specified in SNI for appearance and odor characteristic. Although water, ash, protein, total plate count, Salmonella content, Lead, and Cadmium are in the decent range, the exporters still buy trepang at lower prices because exporters have to do reprocessing to improve the quality.
Socio-economics factors affecting the non-paddy farm income of paddy households in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Karmini  , Karyati
Published: May 2020

Numerous studies in the past have discovered a number of socio-economic factors affecting individual income, household income, or non farm income. However, there is still limited information concerning the comprehensive analysis of factors which influence non-paddy farm income in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of eight socio-economic factors to the non-paddy farm income of paddy households. This study was carried out in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The study areas were located in the Kutai Kartanegara Regency (Tenggarong Seberang, Loa Janan, and Muara Muntai), Penajam Paser Utara Regency (Babulu, Penajam, and Waru), and Bontang City (South Bontang and North Bontang). This study collected the data by conducting in-depth interviews with respondents. This study used the regression equation to analyze the data statistically. Eight variables are an average age of laborers, average experience in non-paddy farm jobs, average working-days in non-paddy farm jobs, land ownership, number of family dependents, number of non-paddy farm jobs, number of non-paddy farm laborers, and paddy farm income become a set of factors affecting non-paddy farm income.
Effect of seed storage methods on germination growth of Pericopsis mooniana thw. through in-vitro technique
Authors: Andriyani Prasetyawati C , Nursyamsi  , Alfaizin Didin
Published: May 2020

Nedun wood (Pericopsis mooniana) is one of the quality local wood species in the Wallacea region. The existence of kayu kuku in their natural habitat is vulnerable by overexploitation and habitat loss. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has declared kayu kuku as one of the endangered species. Tissue culture is one way to conserve genetic resources on micropropagation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of seed storage methods on nedun seed germination using in-vitro propagation. There are three methods of storage, which are stored with pericarp at room temperature (T0), storage with pericarp removal at room temperature (T1), storage with pericarp removal in 100C (T2). The variables observed were germination rate, speed of germination, first day of rooted and sprouted, number of roots, length of root, and shoot. ANOVA analysis showed significantly different at shoot length. The duncant test results showed the highest shoot length at T2 (8.75 cm). The largest germination rate was found at T1with an average of 82% and the highest germination speed was T1 (12.23% NG/etmal).
Field cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii (DOTY) doty ex silva using tissue-cultured seedlings at bungin permai costal waters, south konawe, Southeast (SE) Sulawesi: the third year of seaweed growth monitoring
Authors: Aslan L O M , Cahyani H , Hardianti H , Kurnia D P , Febriani A , Prity N A , Ariskanti  , Anastasia H , Disnawati  , Iba W , Ruslaini  , Sulistiani E
Published: May 2020

Monitoring program is very important to evaluate the growth and performance of the seaweed K. alvarezii cultivated in the coastal areas. However, the program are rarely to be done in Indonesia continuously. In SE Sulawesi, tissue-cultured seedling are already been used by the seaweed farmers. The aims of this study were to evaluate the third period of growth monitoring program based on daily growth rate (DGR) and ratio of final wet weight and dry weight using tissue-cultured seedlings of the seaweed. This study was conducted in Bungin Coastal Waters, South Konawe. The result showed that the mean DGR of the seedlings were 7.01±0.63%.day−1 and significantly higher (p<0.05) than the two previous monitoring years (2017 and 2018). Ratio of final dry weight: wet weight was 9.42:1 and this ratio was also higher than the two previous years. In the present study, the epiphyte infection of Sargassum polycystum and an unidentified moss were also found. In conclusion, tissue-cultured seedling show good quality even though they have been used as seedlings for four years continuously.
Identifying sustainable agricultural commodities in Wajo regency
Authors: Jusni  , Aswan A
Published: May 2020

This research was conducted to identify leading commodities in the three agricultural subsectors, which are plantations, fruits, and horticulture, cultivated by the local people within Wajo Regency. The research method used is Location Quotient (LQ) with criteria for the harvested area, numbers of trees, production quantity, and production value. Secondary data are used in the study and obtained from Wajo in Figures years of 2010 – 2014, Indonesia Statistics years of 2010-2014, South Sulawesi Agriculture Statistics, Regional Development in Figures years of 2010-2014, Agriculture Produce Prices, 2010-2014, Annual Statistic of Indonesian Fruits and Vegetables, and survei. The research shows that, of fourteen plantation commodities, there are four leading commodities generating a competitive advantage, namely cloves, cacao, coconut, and cotton. For fruit plants, of there are eighteen types of fruits cultivated by the local people, of which only four are leading commodities that are sapodilla, durian, banana, and pineapple. With respect to horticultural crops, of thirteen commodities, six of them generate competitive advantage, namely elongated beans, cayenne peppers, eggplants, watermelons, spinach, and cucumbers.
Asexual propagation of two sea anemone taxa for Banggai cardinalfish microhabitat enhancement
Authors: Moore A M , Yasir I , A-Rappe R , Ndobe S , Jompa J
Published: May 2020

The iconic symbiosis with clownfish is not the only sea anemone-fish association. Several tropical sea anemones provide microhabitat for the Endangered (IUCN Red List) Banggai cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni. Microhabitat loss from declining sea anemone populations is a serious threat to native P. kauderni populations or evolutionarily significant units (ESUs). One measure advocated to maintain and rehabilitate these P. kauderni ESUs is to restore microhabitat abundance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the asexual propagation of wild anemone broodstock with the subsequent release. Two species with which P. kauderni commonly associates (Heteractis crispa and Entacmaea quadricolor) were identified through field surveys. Parent anemones were bisected, cutting through the center of the oral disc. Propagules (half anemones) were placed in empty clam shells as hard substrate. Treatments provided different levels of protection from potential predators, in aquaria (P. kauderni present/absent), concrete tanks (P. kauderni and Diadema urchins excluded/not excluded) or in a net cage on the natural substrate (fish and invertebrate fauna including P. kauderni and Diadema setosum). The cut edges of sectioned anemones joined together within seconds, with wounds typically healing in around 7 days and joins hard to see after 3-4 weeks. Growth was faster and long-term survival higher in the net cage compared to tanks for uncovered and covered anemones. The results indicate the potential for this propagation method in the context of P. kauderni conservation and suggest sectioned anemones should be moved to the natural rehabilitation areas once capable of adhering firmly to a hard substrate.
Nomei fish (Harpadon nehereus, Ham. 1822) reproduction biology in Tarakan waters
Authors: Taqwa A , Burhanuddin A I , Niartiningsih A , Nessa M N
Published: May 2020

Nomei fish (Harpadon nehereus) is one of the fish that has important economic value in the waters of Tarakan. This species is caught in waters with trawl fishing gear. In this study, H. nehereus fecundity is described based on 1100 female specimens captured in Tarakan waters from November 2016 to October 2017. The spawning season is predicted to occur twice a year, namely December-February and June-August, and reaches peaks in February and June. The average fecundity was 38,731 ± 7,757. The average sex ratio (female / male) was 0.94.
Determination of the lowest unit price through the value-added approach for Arabica Coffee Commodities in North Toraja Regency
Authors: Rico  , Darma R , Asrul L
Published: May 2020

Smallholder plantations in South Sulawesi province produce an average of 12.50% of Indonesia’s Arabica coffee, equivalent to 20.10 thousand tons per year. In 2015 Arabica coffee produced by community plantations in the province reached 20.35 thousand. One of the largest Arabica coffee production centers in South Sulawesi province is in North Toraja Regency, in 2017 it gave a production share of 10.37% or a total production of 2.11 thousand tons. However, the current problem in North Toraja Regency is the low purchase value of collectors who come directly to farmers’ gardens and appreciate the Arabica coffee of Rp. 18,000 / liter which still has epidermis, if converted to kilograms requires around 2.1 liters, which if the total is only Rp. 36,000 / kg. This study aims to formulate the lowest unit price policy for Arabica coffee in the North Toraja regency which is used as a reference for the average selling price of Arabica coffee (actual price). This research was conducted in North Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi province using purposive informants, which were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed that the lowest unit price of the coffee commodity can be formulated in the amount of Rp. 28,000 / liter by increasing the price received by farmers by Rp. 10,000, by considering prices at the level of traders and companies so that they continue to provide benefits for each marketing institution. This policy will have an impact on increasing the productivity and welfare of coffee farmers so that the sustainability of coffee commodity farming in Indonesia is increasing.