bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Article 3 - The Evolution of Deep Trade Agreements
Authors: Mattoo Aaditya , Rocha Nadia , Ruta Michele
Published: December 2022

This paper takes a first look at new data on the content of Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs). The data contain detailed information on the eighteen policy areas most frequently covered in PTAs, focusing on the stated objectives, substantive commitments, and other aspects such as transparency, procedures and enforcement. A number of new stylized facts emerge: (i) PTAs have reduced trade-weighted average tariff rates to less than 5 percent for more than two-thirds of countries; (ii) the number of commitments in PTAs has increased over time, particularly since the 2000s and in areas aiming at facilitating flows of services, goods and capital; (iii) deepening commitments have been accompanied by an increase in regulatory requirements, namely on enforcement; (iv) developing countries tend to have fewer commitments in PTAs, with larger gaps in areas such as labor and environment; (v) PTAs are more similar within blocs, but similarity can be significant even across blocs. The paper also discusses the challenges of quantification of PTA “depth” and its effects and proposes a research agenda for future work on trade agreements.
Article 8 - CETA as the EU’s First Third-Generation Trade Agreement: Does It Act Like One?
Authors: Leblond Patrick , Viju-Miljusevic Crina
Published: December 2022

The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the European Union (EU) has been hailed as the trend-setter for third-generation trade agreements, which focus predominantly on beyond-the-border impediments to international trade (e.g., rules and regulations) than at-the-border barriers (e.g., tariffs). CETA formed the basis for subsequent EU trade agreements, which are a key element of the EU’s trade policy. It also provided inspiration for third-generation trade agreements outside the EU. The big question for trade policy, in the EU and beyond, is whether third-generation trade agreements achieve their intended objectives with respect to beyond-the-border obstacles to trade. In other words, are they effective instruments in liberalizing international trade? After all, facilitating trade through regulatory and administrative cooperation is much more difficult than eliminating or lowering tariffs on imported goods. Having been in force (provisionally) for five years, CETA offers the best case to study the effectiveness of third-generation trade agreements.
Kristina Lepold: Ambivalente Anerkennung
Authors: Cavallo Gianluca , Bianchi Andrea
Published: December 2022

Rezension von Kristina Lepold: Ambivalente Anerkennung. Frankfurt am Main/New York: Campus Verlag 2021.
Sabine Müller-Mall: Freiheit und Kalkül
Authors: Weithaler Anna , Pistrol Florian
Published: December 2022

Rezension von Sabine Müller-Mall: Freiheit und Kalkül. Die Politik der Algorithmen. Ditzingen: Reclam 2020.
Políticas públicas de ciberdefensa en Chile y Colombia
Authors: Montenegro Moreno Hackzel Mauricio , Pantoja Rosero Maverick Johannes , Rojas Larrotta Angie Yurani , Garcia Briceño Ricardo
Published: December 2022

Este artículo tiene como finalidad organizar los eventos que confluyeron en el diseño de la política pública de ciberdefensa de Colombia y Chile con el propósito de comprender el proceso de institucionalización y los elementos presentes en la formulación de estas políticas. Para alcanzar este objetivo se parte del institucionalismo internacional para el diseño de política. Por medio del método de rastreo de procesos se procede a observar los eventos que acompañaron la formulación de las políticas de ciberdefensa en ambos Estados. Se concluye que la institucionalización de estas políticas se suscribió a una construcción impulsada desde actores internacionales regionales y adoptada por los Estados, así como por ser países altamente atacados por ciberataques.
Evolución de la regulación de los acuerdos de cooperación offset en la industria militar Colombia-Brasil
Authors: Peña Martínez Johan Sebastián , Polanco Sánchez Sebastián , Prieto Moreno Jarol Mauricio , Rincón Vargas Linda Cristiam
Published: December 2022

Los offset, como herramienta de cooperación industrial y social, en seguridad y defensa, representan una variable para el crecimiento y desarrollo en los estados, debido a los múltiples beneficios que se generan para ambas partes, sin embargo, pasar de hacer negociaciones y políticas financieras estándares a lograr un modelo de negocio realista y estandarizado, para la época actual, resulta complejo en gobiernos con características económicas conservadoras. El presente artículo pretende brindarle una conceptualización específica al lector de la evolución normativa a partir de documentación relacionada con los acuerdos de cooperación y compensación vinculada directamente con la industria militar entre Colombia y Brasil, teniendo como referente la experiencia de Estados Unidos como pionero de este tipo de acuerdos de compensación. Esto debido a que estas políticas se generan por la necesidad de buscar bienestar para las adquisiciones bélicas, contrario a Estados Unidos, ya que países como Colombia deben realizar ajustes a la normatividad y ejecución que respondan a las necesidades que se presentan, lo que permite regularizar las políticas económicas de dicha actividad. A lo largo del estudio se observa la evolución y los ajustes a la normatividad que permite regular dicha actividad para los gobiernos desde un punto nulo hasta el estado actual, en el cual se estructuran políticas estables que propenden por la cooperación compensatoria dando paso a estrechar los vínculos en términos de cooperación para afianzar las relaciones entre los países involucrados.
La participación de la mujer militar en Operaciones de Paz de Naciones Unidas
Authors: Mejía Gutiérrez Miguel Ángel , López Jaramillo Sharith Natasha , Trujillo González Andrea del Pilar
Published: December 2022

El desarrollo de los conflictos ha sido una constante en la historia de la humanidad, instituciones como la Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU) se han encargado de mitigar su crecimiento; desde ahí se implementaron múltiples formas de control del aumento del conflicto, como las misiones de paz, encargadas de buscar soluciones, y controlar a las partes involucradas. Este tipo de operaciones ha significado un avance grande enfocado en la participación de la mujer, que desde hace unos años desempeña un papel importante en los ejércitos del mundo, como por ejemplo en el Ejército de Colombia. Después de la firma del tratado de paz, Colombia se centró más en el apoyo de operaciones de mantenimiento en las que han participado dos oficiales, una de ellas estuvo en Oum Dreyga, en la Misión de las Naciones Unidas para el referéndum en el Sahara Occidental (Minurso).
An Empirical Investigation on Integrated Waqf Governance in Malaysian Waqf Institutions
Authors: Zulkifli Nursyahida , Ismail Mohd Nasir , Osman Ghazali , Ambali AbdulRauf
Published: December 2022

This study explores the current integrated waqf governance practices in waqf institutions in Malaysia. The questionnaires were distributed to the administrators of 11 waqf institutions in Peninsular Malaysia to measure the level of accountability, transparency, and fairness practices in managing the waqf. The descriptive results indicated that transparency, accountability, and fairness are crucial and reliable determinants of enhancing waqf governance. Consequently, it implies that the success of waqf management significantly benefits the nations. The findings of this study are enlightened to strengthen the administration of waqf practices that may restore the public's confidence to support such practices.
Keywords: Waqf; Integrated governance; Transparency; Fairness
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i22.4146
Evidence of Contract Dispute Settlement in Electronic Trials in Indonesia in the Construction of the Ius Constitutum and Ius Constituendum
Authors: Kurniawan Faizal , Agustin Erni , Nugraha Xavier , Ikbar Rahajeng Dzakiyya , Felicia Stefania Arshanty
Published: December 2022

Trial mechanism in Indonesia has changed through the enactment of Supreme Court Regulations in 2018 and 2019, including electronic trial and evidence. However, it was problematic because the change was partial. Although Indonesia has started to implement the electronic trial, the legal principle of evidence is using conventional procedural law, including the settlement of contract disputes. This article aims to analyze and find the mechanism of examining the evidence of contract dispute resolution in electronic courts in Indonesia in the ius constitutum and ius constituendum. This article suggests a comprehensive construction ius constituendum of contract dispute settlement evidence in Indonesia electronic trials.
Sex Change (Sex-Reassignment Surgery) without Medical Grounds in Indonesia: Conflict between Pancasila and Human Rights
Authors: Yustikaningrum Rima Yuwana
Published: December 2022

As a state that upholds the Pancasila as the nation's direction, Indonesia adjusts the values of human rights norms as the character of its country. Revealing divinity value as the first point in Pancasila Principle affects Indonesia's national policies and political views. However, this action is unsuitable for some court decisions granting sex-change cases. Some of the legal reasoning used in these decisions is considering human rights grounds by not considering the value of Pancasila principles. This article's purpose is to elaborate on the legal reasoning behind some court decisions that granted sex-change cases without medical grounds.
Laser-induced luminescent centers in diamond: influence of exposure and duration of short laser pulses
Authors: Danilov P. A.  , Kudryashov S. I.  , Levchenko A. O.  , Oleynichuk E. A.  , Kovalchuk O. E.
Published: December 2022

The optical properties of point luminescent centers formed in the volume IaA-type natural diamond under the action of ultrashort laser pulses in the visible range (515 nm) with durations of 0.3-2.4 ps were investigated. The analysis using confocal Raman spectroscopy demonstrates the formation of nitrogen vacancy centers (NV) and there are no graphitization traces in processing areas. The luminescence amplitude of NV centers depends linearly on the exposure time at different durations of ultrashort laser pulses. Keywords: ultrashort laser pulses, luminescence, luminescent centers in diamond, NV centers.
The study of the optical nonlinear properties of bulk ZnSe for immersion applications
Authors: Smirnov N.A.  , Rupasov A.E.  , Shelygina S.N.  , Levchenko A.O.  , Savinov M.S.  , Kudryashov S.I.
Published: December 2022

In this work, we study the nonlinear absorption of ultrashort laser pulses of variable duration (0.3-10 ps) in a bulk polycrystalline ZnSe dielectric. The transmission of the sample was measured for two wavelengths, 515 and 1030 nm, in a wide range of intensities. A nonlinear behavior of the transmission is found when the sample is irradiated with laser radiation at a wavelength of 515 nm with absorption saturation in the region of 3-5 TW/cm2. Surface damage thresholds were obtained for a wavelength of 1030 nm for pulse durations of 0.3-10 ps. Keywords: nonlinear ZnSe absorption, solid-state immersion, two-photon absorption, chalcogenide glass surface ablation, ZnSe ablation thresholds.
Self-organizing half-wave gratings on the surface of silica glass
Authors: Bibicheva S. A.  , Rupasov  A. E.  , Danilov P. A.  , Ionin N. A.  , Smirnov N. A  , Kudryashov S. N.  , Shelygina R. A.  , Zakoldaev R. A.
Published: December 2022

The interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with the surface of silica glass has been studied. As a result of interference between the incident radiation and surface plasmon polaritons, the formation of self-organizing subwavelength periodic structures with a period of 250 nm was observed. The minimum pulse energy at which recording occurs without surface ablation has been revealed. Keywords: direct laser recording, femtosecond laser pulses, silica, nanogratings.
Intensity noise and pulse repetition frequency stability measurements of a passive mode-locked Cr:ZnSe laser
Authors: Leonov S. O.  , Frolov M. P.  , Korostelin Yu. V.  , Skasyrsky Ya. K.  , Fjodorow P. Yu.  , Shelkovnikov A. S.  , Kozlovsky V. I.  , Kireev A. N.  , Gubin M. A.
Published: December 2022

The results on intensity noise and repetition frequency stability measurements for a passively mode-locked Cr : ZnSe laser pumped by a thulium-doped fiber laser at a wavelength of 1.94 μm are presented. The stability parameters and intensity noise are compared for three different generation regimes of the Cr:ZnSe laser. The laser operated at a repetition rate of 129.5 MHz and a central wavelength of 2.45 μm. Keywords: optical frequency comb, mode-locking, relative intensity noise, repetition frequency stability.
Refraction by gas inhomogeneities during laser heating of a metal
Authors: Trofimov V.  , Rosanov N. N.  , Yang Y.  , Fedorov S. V.  , Yu J.  , Veretenov N. A.
Published: December 2022

An analysis is made of the distribution of the refractive index near the boundary of a metal heated by laser radiation. The gradient of the refractive index of the gas, caused by the heat flux, and the distribution of the refractive index in the inhomogeneously heated gas are found. The drift of the laser beam due to the refraction of radiation in a gas is estimated, which shows an increase in the drift for narrow laser beams. Keywords: refraction in gas, gas heating, metal laser heating.
Protecting Older Adult Residents in Care Facilities Against Influenza and COVID-19 Using the Influenza Communication, Advice and Reporting (FluCARE) App: Prospective Cohort Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Quinn Emma , Hsiao Kai Hsun , Johnstone Travers , Gomez Maria , Parasuraman Arun , Ingleton Andrew , Hirst Nicholas , Najjar Zeina , Gupta Leena
Published: December 2022

Background

Early detection and response to influenza and COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care facilities (ACFs) are critical to minimizing health impacts. The Sydney Local Health District (SLHD) Public Health Unit (PHU) has developed and implemented a novel web-based app with integrated functions for online line listings, detection algorithms, and automatic notifications to responders, to assist ACFs in outbreak response. The goal of the Influenza Outbreak Communication, Advice and Reporting (FluCARE) app is to reduce time delays to notifications, which we hope will reduce the spread, duration, and health impacts of an influenza or COVID-19 outbreak, as well as ease workload burdens on ACF staff.

Objective

The specific aims of the study were to (1) evaluate the acceptability and user satisfaction of the implementation and use of FluCARE in helping ACFs recognize, notify, and manage influenza and COVID-19 outbreaks in their facility; (2) identify the safety of FluCARE and any potential adverse outcomes of using the app; and (3) identify any perceived barriers or facilitators to the implementation and use of FluCARE from the ACF user perspective.

Methods

The FluCARE app was piloted from September 2019 to December 2020 in the SLHD. Associated implementation included promotion and engagement, user training, and operational policies. Participating ACF staff were invited to complete a posttraining survey. Staff were also invited to complete a postpilot evaluation survey that included the user Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS) measuring app acceptance, utility, and barriers and facilitators to use. An issues log was also prospectively maintained to assess safety. Survey data were analyzed descriptively or via content analysis where appropriate.

Results

Surveys were completed by 31 consenting users from 27 ACFs. FluCARE was rated 3.91 of 5 overall on the uMARS. Of the 31 users, 25 (80%) would definitely use FluCARE for future outbreaks, and all users agreed that the app was useful for identifying influenza and COVID-19 outbreaks at their facilities. There were no reported critical issues with incorrect or missed outbreak detection. User training, particularly online training modules, and technical support were identified as key facilitators to FluCARE use.

Conclusions

FluCARE is an acceptable, useful, and safe app to assist ACF staff with early detection and response to influenza and COVID-19 outbreaks. This study supports feasibility for ongoing implementation and efficacy evaluation, followed by scale-up into other health districts in New South Wales.
Тези IV Українського конгресу з міжнародною участю «Інтегрована медицина та стоматологія», присвяченого Всесвітньому дню здоров’я порожнини рота
Authors: Authors No
Published: December 2022

No abstract
Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Etil Asetat Fungi Endofit Eutypa linearis
Authors: Gemantari Baiq Maylinda , Romadhonsyah Fitra , Nurrochmad Arief , Wahyuono Subagus , Astuti Puji
Published: December 2022

Fungi endofit banyak dilaporkan mampu memproduksi senyawa metabolit yang memiliki beragam aktivitas biologis. Diisolasi dari salah satu tanaman berkhasiat Indonesia yang dikenal dengan nama tanaman jinten (Coleus amboinicus Lour.), pada penelitian ini dilakukan observasi aktivitas antimikroba fungi endofit Eutypa linearis. Ekstrak etil asetat dari media fermentasi E.linearis dalam beragam konsentrasi diujikan kepada beberapa mikroba bakteri dan fungi yakni Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, dan Candida albicans. Aktivitas antimikroba dievaluasi menggunakan metode mikrodilusi pada media Mueller Hinton Broth untuk kultur bakteri dan Brain Heart Infussion Broth untuk kultur fungi. Nilai optical density pada panjang gelombang 600 nm yang diperoleh dari penggunaan microplate reader digunakan untuk menghitung nilai IC50 ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai IC50 ekstrak etil asetat media fermentasi E.linearis pada S.aureus adalah sebesar 260,69 µg/mL;  P.aeruginosa 359,32 µg/mL; B.subtilis 163,74 µg/mL; dan C.albicans 92,75 µg/mL. Berdasarkan metode bioautografi kontak, diketahui senyawa aktif sebagai antimikroba tersebut merupakan kelompok senyawa yang polar.
Challenges and potentials of developing domperidone into the transdermal delivery
Authors: Pawestri Sekar Ayu , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis , Lukitaningsih Endang , Purwantiningsih Purwantiningsih
Published: December 2022

Nausea, which often coexists with vomiting, is an uneasy sensation in the stomach caused by several factors. Oral domperidone is widely prescribed in nausea treatment. The low bioavailability of oral domperidone makes a patient take the drug more frequently, even though some patients have difficulty swallowing the drug when suffering nausea. Recently, the drug formulation development for transdermal delivery systems is expected to increase in the future. Practical and increase patient comfortable is the notable advantages of using transdermal dosage form. Domperidone is currently being studied into various pharmaceutical dosage forms with the transdermal route. This present article provides summaries of the constraints also the current formulation development of domperidone which shows the potential of domperidone in transdermal delivery.
Training of The Utilization of Medicinal Plants as Complementary Medicine Among Health Workers
Authors: Idris Haerawati , Safriantini Dian , Sabrina Tia
Published: December 2022

The current community service focused on the use medicinal plants which seemed to increase among families. This program was supported by the 2018 Riskesdas report, which showed that 38.7% of Indonesia’s population had used traditional medicine for treatments. This program sought to discover health workers’ knowledge of family medicinal plant training. This community service was carried out through the mentoring method and involved 25 public health center employees representing each primary healthcare in Ogan Ilir Regency. We selected the sample using the total sampling method. The mentoring session was organized in the form of training related to the concepts of family medicinal plants and how to use them. This training involved a number of lectures and presentations of a model of family medicinal plants. The diﬀerences in knowledge of the training participants were measured using a pretest and posttest. The data were analyzed using the t-test. The results showed a diﬀerence in health workers’ knowledge before and after the training (p <0.05). There is an increase in the knowledge of primary healthcare workers regarding family medicinal plants.
Analisis potensi penerapan teknologi produksi bersih pada c-maxi alloycast, Yogyakarta
Authors: Masri Dewi , Wagiman Wagiman , Sopha Bertha Maya
Published: December 2022

CV C-Maxi Alloycast is an industry engaged in the manufacture of household appliances (pans) made of aluminum which is located in Yogyakarta. The aim of the study was to identify the potential application of clean production principles in CV C-Maxi Alloycast. The methods used were production process mapping, waste analysis through liquid waste testing and potential analysis of clean production principles. The results obtained for the production process were smelting aluminum and scrap, pouring molten metal into molds, lifting molds and providing coolant, lifting castings, turning, filing, quality control, storage and distribution. Based on the laboratory test, the characteristics of the liquid waste produced by the CV C-Maxi Alloycast  were pH 8.9; COD 52.1 mg/L; BOD 21.4 mg/L; TSS 6660 mg/L; Fe 4,2440 mg/L; Cu 0.0130 mg/L; and Zn 0.0893 mg/L. All parameters indicate that the value meets the quality standard, but the TSS content did not meet the NAB (Threshold Value) which refers to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2014 and the Regulation of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) No. 7 of 2016. Clean production opportunities were: good housekeeping, application of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) on solid waste, construction of B3 Waste TPS and capacity building of human resources. Environmental performance had increased based on the Green Industry Standard (SIH) from level 1 to level 2 with a value of 53% to 65% with the implementation of clean production. The economic performance of implementing clean production gains a profit of Rp. 77,412,000,-/year, then the second alternative, namely recycling aluminum scrap is an economical alternative to clean technology with a 5-year NPV value of Rp. 37,853,056,558,- Implementing clean production can have a positive impact on the environment and the economy.
Optimization of chitinase production from bacillus cereus smg 1.1 using response surface methodology
Authors: Widodo Adnan , Puspita Indun Dewi , Ustadi Ustadi
Published: December 2022

Shrimp shell waste are potential to be processed further into value-added products, such as N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In the production of GlcNAc, biological approach is preferred and environmentally friendly to chemical treatment. Chitinase is an enzyme that plays a vital role in bioprocessing of shrimp shell waste into GlcNAc. Previously, Bacillus cereus SMG 1.1 was isolated from fermented shrimp paste (terasi) and showed the ability to produce chitinase. This study was designed to determine the optimum medium for the production of chitinase from B. cereus SMG 1.1 through the Response Surface Method (RSM) using a factorial design with 15 treatments. The optimization of the media was carried out by determining the factors that influence the production of chitinase through the Plackett-Burman design followed by optimization of the concentration of the media through the Box-Behnken design. The test was designed to assess the effect of the independent variables on chitinase activity. Placket Burman analysis shows that colloidal chitin, fructose, and MgSO4.5H2O were the significant components in the medium affecting the production of chitinase by B. cereus SMG 1.1. Box-Behnken analysis developed a linear model capable of predicting the response. The highest response value was achieved at a concentration of 0.75% fructose, 1.5% colloidal chitin, and 0.075% MgSO4.5H2O resulted in optimum chitinase activity of 0.0016 U/ml.
Optimasi unjuk kerja pada sistem pendinginan adsorpsi dengan siklus pemanasan-ulang kombinasi
Authors: Wirajati I Gusti Agung Bagus , Sunu Putu Wijaya , Madrini Ida Ayu Gede Bintang , Muliati Ni Kadek
Published: December 2022

The adsorption refrigeration system is a cooling system that offers several benefits, including being environmentally friendly due to the very small amount of global warming effect given, the lack of potential for ozone depletion, the low energy consumption of its operation, the low heat source used in its operation and good for reducing gas emissions on earth. This paper describes a combined reheating adsorption refrigeration system with three heat exchangers, as well as operating modes. The operation of the adsorption refrigeration system with combined reheating is schematically described with operational modes and diagrams. This adsorption cooling system is made up of three heat exchangers (H), one evaporator, and one condenser. The combination cycle is intended for heat exchanger systems that operate in a reheat cycle (H1 and H2) and a non-reheating cycle (H3). This paper also discusses system cycle time optimization. Research to get the optimum value of cycle time in this system is still rarely done and therefore optimization of cycle time is carried out on the system to get the best performance. The PSO (particle swarm optimization) program is paired with the MATLAB program to simulate the performance of the system under discussion while also enhancing its performance. The goal of this work is to use simulation to determine the optimal system performance versus the overall cycle time, which includes adsorption/desorption time, pre-cooling and pre-heating time as well as mass recovery time. Getting the best value for the entire cycle time is made possible by fusing the simulation of the system's process performance with performance optimization. As a results, the greatest increase in the optimization results' performance value occurs at a heat source temperature of 55ºC with a longer time to achieve optimal performance.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Siswomihardjo Widowati
Published: December 2022

Jurnal Teknosains Volume 12 Nomor 1 edisi Desember 2022 menampilkan berbagai penelitian beragam dalam bidang teknologi dan sains, mulai dari Teknik Industri, Teknik Mesin, Ilmu Lingkungan, Pertanian, dan Arsitektur. Artikel jurnal ilmiah yang diangkat oleh para penulis menunjukkan penelitian yang beragam. Di edisi Desember 2022, Jurnal Teknosains bekerjasama dengan 6th International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning (ICIAP) 2022 untuk mengakomodir penelitian yang lebih luas bagi penulis pada lintas institusi secara nasional. Jurnal Teknosains juga berperan sebagai wadah untuk menyebarluaskan beberapa hasil penelitian yang telah dipresentasikan pada ICIAP 2022, dialihbentuk dan diterbitkan dalam bentuk artikel jurnal ilmiah. Berbagai artikel hasil penelitian di dalam edisi Desember 2022 ini menunjukkan kekhasan Jurnal Teknosains dalam mewakili tulisan pada lintas multidisiplin ilmu dan topik yang beragam, serta penulis yang berbeda institusi dengan latar belakang berbeda.
Socio-Cultural reality of Canadian Women in the fiction of Alice Munro
Authors: Mandal Anil Kumar , Kumar Dr. Arjun
Published: December 2022

Throughout this paper I have systematized and studied in critical terms, a range of Alice Munro mainly women-centric short stories, with an in-depth study of their living condition under the traditional social conventions. Being concerned about women Munro in her fiction has recreated the world of Canadian women, with its true picture of the Canadian society, with culture, custom and environment. She has continuously wrote about the invaluable document of human relationship, as well as female experience under social values and expectation. In her work, Munro explores women's role in different situation of life as a young girl, a career women, a lover, wife or mother. In each of these roles Canadian women found a reflection of their selves mirrored in Munro's chronical of women's social history down the decades. She writes about past experiences of her childhood, cultural traits and social structure that she minutely observed in her different age group. Her subjects are rural landscape, lives of girls and women, their coming of age, love, hate, marriage, suffering and stuff of rural life with reference to small town locality. Lake Huron, Otawa Valley and Wowanash County. Munro's strength, as a short story writer, is the range of her portraits of a variety of female characters from childhood to old age. In this way, most of the girls and women of Munro, as the main protagonists, confront, challenges at personal, familial and social level. However, they all are not alike; some are submissive and introvert and feeble while others bold, rebellious and self-indulgent who are real girls and women of Munrovian model, search their original self, and who put aside all their pretentions, show the Canadian society, alternatively, to the world what they, in reality are. Muro is a realistic writer, her character a represent cultural reality of rural Canadianness of her age. Del and Rose are Munrovian iconic characters, with whom she reveals her own childhood, youth and maturity and they have been transfigured in her favorite books Lives of Girls and Women and Beggar Maid intentionally. Protagonists of Dance and Progress are modelled on herself.
ПОКОЛЕНИЯ СЕТЕЙ ФИКСИРОВАННОЙ СВЯЗИ F1G–F5G
Authors: Росляков А.
Published: December 2022

Представлен краткий обзор промежуточных результатов продолжающегося исследования Европейского института телекоммуникационных стандартов (ETSI) по изучению эволюции сетей фиксированной связи и определению их возможностей и принципов построения на ближайшую перспективу. По видению ETSI, эту эволюцию можно обозначить пятью поколениями F1G–F5G по аналогии с поколениями мобильных сетей. Показаны особенности реализации фиксированных сетей разных поколений, особое внимание уделено перспективному пятому поколению F5G.
НОВОЕ КОНТРАКТНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ В ЦЕНТРЕ УРАЛА
Authors: Мильков И.
Published: December 2022

Год назад в Екатеринбурге на площадях одного из лидеров российского телекоммуникационного рынка АО "ИскраУралТЕЛ" запустило свои производственные линии новое контрактное высокотехнологическое производство –
ООО "ИскраУралТЕЛ-Интеграция".
У ИСТОКОВ "РОСТЕЛЕКОМА"
Authors: Борисова Н.
Published: December 2022

30 лет назад, 30 декабря 1992 года, вышло распоряжение Госкомимущества России №1302-р о создании государственной компании "Ростелеком" на основе объединения предприятий междугородной и международной связи. В статье рассказывается об истории создания и становления этой компании, относящейся к числу крупнейших телекоммуникационных операторов страны.
Primer reporte de ingesta de plástico y presencia de nematodos en individuos de iguana verde en la isla de Santo Domingo
Authors: Reyes Francis O , Hernández-Rodríguez Isabela
Published: December 2022

El consumo de plástico se reporta cada vez con mayor frecuencia en reptiles acuáticos y terrestres. No siempre es fatal, pero indudablemente afecta la calidad de vida de los animales en formas que aún no son del todo claras. Durante jornadas de control de iguanas verdes (Iguana iguana) en la República Dominicana, se registraron dos individuos con fundas plásticas en el tracto gastrointestinal. La necropsia también reveló la presencia de nematodos aún no identificados. Este es el primer reporte, tanto de consumo de plásticos como de presencia de nematodos, en individuos de iguana verde de la isla de Santo Domingo.
“Password Authentication Key Exchange Protocol using Fish Tank Image based True Random Number Generator”
Authors: Tamrkar Sonam , Pachouri Mr. Rajneesh , Jain Mr. Anurag
Published: December 2022

Abstract: We employ a straightforward configuration of a fish tank as the changeable environment, recording its photos over time, in order to limit the computational complexity. To create the initial seed, the image data is then submitted to a reduction method and hash function. In order to get true random numbers, we suggest a method for economically removing the true seed from the image data and applying it to a pseudo-random generator, in this case, a Linear Congruential Generator (LCG). The need for information security is increasing across a range of industries, and security concerns are receiving more and more attention as a result of the Internet's explosive growth in recent years. Any future value cannot be accurately anticipated based on the current set of values and random numbers are those that are a part of a sequence in which values are uniformly distributed over a defined set. A safe session key can be provided to a pair of users interacting over an unstable channel using password-based encrypted key exchange protocols, even if the top secret key or password they share is chosen at random from a tiny set of values. We offer two straightforward Bellovin and Merritt-based encrypted key exchange systems..
Numerical solutions to unsteady filtration problems in hydraulic engineering
Authors: Aniskin Nikolai A. , Sergeev Stanislav A.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The authors consider a solution to the unsteady filtration problem, arising in the clay core of a high earth-and-rockfill dam. Towards this end, the authors use the case of the dam at Nurek hydroelectric power plant. The authors provide a review of studies and calculation methods applied to unsteady filtration problems. Plaxis 2D software is used to develop a numerical solution to the filtration problem arising in the clay core of an earth-and-rockfill dam. The authors have solved the problem of its saturation with water in the process of the reservoir filling and operation. A 30-year operation period was considered. Materials and methods. The finite element method (FEM) and Plaxis 2D software package were applied to study the unsteady filtration mode using the case of the clay core of Nurek, a high earth-and-rockfill dam. Nowadays, a qualitatively higher level of solutions to such problems is attained by using numerical methods, and, most importantly, the finite element method. The application of software programmes and packages to filtration problem is reduced to solving the main differential equation of the filtration theory, if boundary and initial conditions are available. Results. A numerical solution to the filtration problem of the dam’s clay core that consists in its saturation with water in the process of the reservoir filling and operation was obtained. The 30-year period of operation was studied. Only the bottom part of the core was completely saturated with water during this period. Conclusions. The authors validated earlier conclusions, made using other methods, about the long-term establishment of the quasi-static filtration mode at similar structures. The discrepancy between the results is explained by earlier assumptions and a better filtration model, developed using Plaxis 2D software package. The model used there allows taking into account a change in the water permeability of soil depending on its water saturation rate.
Using electric boilers with hierarchical load control systems to supply heat to apartments
Authors: Toropov Alexey L.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Using electrical energy, transformed into thermal energy, to supply heat to premises is not a good idea due to its low efficiency. It is generally believed that the use of electricity to supply heat to multi-family buildings is considered to have a higher carbon footprint than gas-fired heating. If we consider the entire life cycle of heat supply systems, as well as the production of smoke exhaust systems, air supply, gas supply, operating expenses, the comparison between the carbon footprints of the above technologies is ambiguous. The use of electric boilers as sources of heat supply to apartments is limited due to the amount of energy, thus produced, which is equal to 15 kW.

Materials and methods. The author analyzed the operation of a wall-mounted electric boiler with a hierarchical load control system. Its mode of operation was focused on meeting the top-priority physiological and social needs of apartment residents.

Results. The operation of electric heat generators, having triac and relay control systems, was compared for the case of a limited amount of electricity supplied. The authors determined the boundaries of comfortable use of electric heat generators for apartment heat supply.

Conclusions. Electric boilers with a triac control system and a small load change step can demonstrate linear modulation in the entire range of changes in heat load values of independent heat supply systems. The structure of electrical energy consumption by electric boilers is hierarchical. An electric boiler control system must have an independent line equipped with priority and time relays. 15 kW is enough to ensure the comfortable use of any standard electrical appliances for premises up to 80 m2 located in the central areas of the Russian Federation.
Using network modelling methods to improve the foam glass production technology
Authors: Fedosov Sergej V. , Bakanov Maksim O.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The authors applies the critical path method to the simulation of successive technological operations and individual foam glass technology stages. The strengths of the method are user friendliness, availability and consistency. The author proved the expediency of its introduction into business processes and branches of the national economy.

Materials and methods. The foam glass production process is presented as a project network schedule, which represents a weighted graph. The source material for this schedule is a list of technological operations, their sequence in the production process, which is conditioned by the feasibility of some operations upon the completion of others, and also by the time of their implementation. In the course of transformation of operational stages, the authors applied the Gauss distribution which was set by the probability density, representing an indicator function for network scheduling methods. Harrington’s D-function was calculated to estimate the effectiveness of the model implementation.

Results. The effectiveness of the proposed network scheduling methods and foam glass production management is demonstrated. The author experimentally proved a 10 % rise in the efficiency of technological operations in the process of modelling the indicators of the thermal impact on foam glass.

Conclusions. The technological process of foam glass production includes a set of operations, characterized by their performance time and sequence in the production cycle, which allows using network scheduling methods to evaluate each individual stage taking into account the time spent and the amount of work performed at each stage. Any adjustment of estimated values of performance of separate operations in the course of modernization of a network schedule contributes to a reduction in the total time of foam glass production, which affects the cost of material. The quantitative evaluation was the time of all stages with pre-set values of probabilities. The Harrington’s desirability function was used as an indicator of efficiency (qualitative evaluation) of network scheduling methods and their application.
The problem of definitions and classification of theoretical models of construction planning, design preparation and building technology
Authors: Sokolnikov Vladimir V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Presently, definitions applied to the concepts of “modelling” and “model”, which do not specify their affiliation, are widely used in research, development and education. They deal with design preparation, construction planning, buil­ding technologies and other related areas. The purpose of this study is to propose and justify the classification structure for research and engineering models, focused on the tasks of construction planning and building technologies during design preparation and performance of construction work. This classification will make it possible (a) to structure model names and related methods used to solve problems of building technologies and construction planning, (b) to mutually relate models as well as solution methods, and (c) to limit the application of general definitions to special research and engineering models.

Materials and methods. The author analyzed information modelling standards in construction, general definitions of mo­dels and modelling frequently used in construction planning, design preparation and building technologies. Research and engineering ideas, concerning the tasks of modelling and classification of models, are provided in the article. The pattern of theoretical classification of modelling types and cases of theoretical attribution of models are presented.

Results. The author classified some research and engineering models used in design, construction planning and building technologies. The author interpreted the continuity equation of mathematical physics, performed the analysis and attribution of the mathematical model of a construction process flow, and confirmed the need to perform the attribution of models on the basis of variables, physical parameters and the essence of problems that they solved. The author proposed a record format for a theoretical model name in the above-mentioned areas of construction research.

Conclusions. The conclusion is that there is a need to introduce the attribution of current and new theoretical models into the practice of research in construction planning, design preparation and building technology; there is a need for consistency of research, engineering and educational terminology applicable to descriptions of theoretical models in construction planning and building technology. The procedure of attributing theoretical models is proposed.
Análisis de la colaboración entre Programas de Protección Especializados en Reinserción Educativa (PDE) y escuelas de Chile. Una mirada desde el reenganche y la exclusión educativa
Authors: Medina Rubilar Felipe Patricio , Olivares García María de los Angeles
Published: December 2022

La investigación se centra en la relación que existe entre los denominados Programas de Protección Especializados en Reinserción Educativa (PDE) y las escuelas en el contexto chileno. Esta relación, sustentada en el objetivo común del reenganche educativo de niños, niñas y adolescentes, se desarrolla en un contexto de exclusión educativa. El estudio pretende conocer y describir los factores que pueden facilitar o, en su caso, dificultar procesos de reincorporación al sistema educativo. Para ello, desde un enfoque de investigación cualitativa, se analizan cinco entrevistas semiestructuradas a directores de los PDE, como testigos especializados en situaciones de desenganche y reenganche educativo. Los resultados muestran que la burocratización y complejidad del sistema educativo en los procesos de reenganche, los condicionantes socioeconómicos y el riesgo de estigma social que acompaña al alumnado participante en PDE son barreras claras en la inclusión de estos y estas estudiantes a corto, medio y largo plazo. La mejora en la gestión escolar se presenta como un aspecto clave para favorecer y potenciar la comunicación y colaboración entre agentes y programas educativos implicados en la inclusión del alumnado.
DEFENSORIA PÚBLICA DO CEARÁ: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A EFETIVIDADE NA GARANTIA DE DIREITOS AOS HIPOSSUFICIENTES E VULNERÁVEIS
Authors: Guedes Jackson , Belém Alexandre Ferreira Andersson
Published: December 2022

A pesquisa bibliográfica e descritiva, analisa a efetividade no atendimento da garantia dos direitos individuais e coletivos dos hipossuficientes e vulneráveis pela Defensoria Pública do Ceará-DP/CE de 2016 a 2021. A Pesquisa Nacional da Defensoria Pública, em 2021, apontou 351 Defensores Públicos na DP/CE em 2020, aumento de 123,57% em relação a 2003. Nesse aspecto, 63,6% dos interiores, 84 Comarcas, não tem Defensores Públicos. Em relação ao perfil dos mesmos, 52,7% são do sexo masculino, e 59,2% se declararam brancos. Quanto à escolaridade, 52,6% se formaram em universidades públicas, 84,2% dos mesmos estão na faixa etária de 30 a 50 anos. Socioeconomicamente 59,7% deles provêm de núcleos familiares com renda acima de 4 salários mínimos. A DP/CE tem 106 servidores extraquadros, um crescimento de 39,5% em relação a 2008 quando a DP/CE possuía 76 servidores, atualmente conta com 271 estagiários. Quando realizada a análise da razão entre o número de servidores e o número de membros da Defensoria Pública, Ministério Público e Poder Judiciário, os dados indicam que para cada Juiz/Desembargador do Tribunal de Justiça-CE há 7,3 servidores, enquanto que para a DP/CE para cada Defensor Público há apenas 0,3 servidores.
COSTS OF SOIL PREPARATION AND SUGARCANE PLANTING SYSTEMS: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INDEPENDENT SUPPLIERS AND SUGAR MILLS
Authors: De Amorim Fernando Rodrigues , Patino Marco Tulio Ospina
Published: December 2022

Brazil is a reference in sugarcane production, especially the state of São Paulo, which is responsible for the largest volume of sugarcane production in the country. However, for sugarcane mills and suppliers to maintain this activity, there is a need to improve productivity per hectare and reduce production costs. Thus, the objective of this work is to analyze the costs of the combinations of soil preparation and planting types between sugarcane mills and suppliers. It is characterized as a quantitative study with a descriptive approach, carried out from primary data (survey of the average costs of research related to soil preparation and sugarcane planting) and secondary (cutting, loading, and transport cost and costs with cultural practices). The sample for this research comprised 31 mills and 42 sugarcane suppliers in the state of São Paulo, whose data were obtained through a survey provided data for the 2019/2020. The analysis was based on verifying the existence of a significant difference between the costs of soil preparation and planting evidenced by means of cumulative frequencies using Monte Carlo (MC) method. The results showed that, considering all possible combinations between tillage and planting systems, the lowest cost per ton was attained by suppliers with conventional tillage (CT) together with mechanized planting (MP) with variable rate for fertilizer application and also by using conventional tillage associated with planting pre-sprouted seedlings with fixed rate.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÃO DE CUSTOS NO SETOR PÚBLICO: PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONTADORES PÚBLICOS DO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA
Authors: Silva Ademilsom Marques da , Miranda Ronaldo Leão de
Published: December 2022

A implementação de um sistema de custos no setor público é uma proposta que corrobora com a Nova Administração Pública. O Sistema de Custos Aplicado ao Setor Público (SICSP) encontra-se em fase embrionária e ainda existem muitos desafios para a sua implantação. Desse modo, este artigo tem como objetivo, mediante pesquisa aplicada a partir do levantamento de dados primários, identificar a percepção dos contadores municipais sobre as dificuldades e benefícios em implementar um sistema de custos aplicado ao setor público (SICSP) nos municípios rondonienses. Para alcançar o objetivo, se reproduz argumentos sobre sistema de informação de custos no setor público sob a perspectiva gerencial e legal. Ao analisar os resultados, destaca-se que os contadores e controllers das prefeituras de Rondônia ainda estão relutando a legislação NBC TSP 34, ao não implementarem o SICSP. A principal dificuldade apresentada diz respeito a falta de interesse dos gestores em buscar a implantação do SICSP. A redução do desperdício de recursos públicos e a transparência pública são os principais benefícios em se implementar um SICSP, na visão dos contadores e controllers públicos rondonienses.