bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Housing Estate with Flood Resilience: Merging Housing Features and Drainage Design
Authors: Darrien Yau Seng Mah , Merry Shi Ting Tang , Bateni Norazlina , Kesuma Tri Nugraha Adi , Putuhena Frederik Josep
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the human intervention to increase flood resilience in a housing estate. Stormwater storage facility is a structure designed to temporarily hold water, in which such a structure was tried for underneath the car porch and front road of a terrace house. A design rainfall of 5-minute, 10-year average recurrent interval intensity was selected for urban runoff analyses. A row of 12 terrace houses with a land area 2,472 m2 was selected as the study area. An intervention was formulated, in which it consisted of the car porches embedded with a series of underground water storage facilities having 46.9 m3 of effective storage volume and receiving water from 820 m2 of catchment area; combined with the front road embedded with a series of underground water storage facilities having 55.2 m3 of effective storage volume and receiving water from 278 m2 of catchment area. The characteristics of the intervention in the study area were represented through Storm Water Management Model version 5.0 to simulate the urban runoff in pre-development and post-development conditions, as well as the intended intervention. The results showed that the intervention had reduced 54% of peak flow compared with post-development condition. The intervention also achieved flow nearest to the pre-development condition. No overflowing was predicted in the drainage system.
Finite Element Modelling of Catamaran Structural Behaviour under Hogging and Sagging Conditions
Authors: Fitriadhy Ahmad , Adam Nur Amira , Shahidan Muhamad Shafimi
Published: February 2025

This study presents the structural behaviour of catamaran hulls under hogging and sagging conditions. A comprehensive nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out using ABAQUS software to simulate the structural behaviour of the hull across various configurations. The investigation evaluates the influence of span-to-length (S/L) ratios, frame spacing, and hull lengths on bending moment and tensile strength characteristics. The results reveal that increasing frame spacing reduces the catamaran's structural rigidity, while higher S-to-L ratios or extended lengths significantly enhance ultimate tensile strength and bending moment due to the larger bridge area and increased structural spacing. These findings highlight essential design trade-offs, providing valuable insights for optimising catamaran hull performance in terms of safety, structural integrity, and operational efficiency. This work contributes to advancing the design and analysis of high-performance catamarans, ensuring reliability under various structural conditions.
In-Vitro NaOH Surface-Treated and Fibrin-Coated Electrospun Polyethylene Terephthalate Scaffolds for Small Diameter Vascular Graft
Authors: Rashidi Nur Syazana , Sukmana Irza , Abdul Kadir Mohammed Rafiq
Published: February 2025

The surface inertness of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) gives disadvantages including noncompliance, thrombogenicity, intimal hyperplasia, aneurysms, calcium deposition and infection also limited growth for small diameter vascular graft application thus limits their efficacy. To overcome this problem, electrospun PET fiber was treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 65oC for 1-hour. Fibrin gel was then coated onto NaOH treated samples and bare PET for comparison before seeding human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 1, 7 and 14 days. The NaOH treatment resulted in reduced fibre diameter, enhanced hydrophilicity due to the existence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups confirmed by FTIR results and contact angle measurements showed that the hydrophilicity of NaOH treated samples improved from 123° to 86°. After fibrin gel was coated on PET treated NaOH, in vitro tests showed increased cell adhesion and proliferation after 14 days of culture also formation of collagen after 21 days of culture. The PET treated with NaOH fibers coated with fibrin was proven attract HUVEC cells and promote endothelialization.
Parametric Study on Built-up Plate Girder to Eurocode 3 with Various Beam Span and Steel Grade
Authors: Tan Hean Seong , Teow Chien Xuan , Shek Poi Ngian
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the parametric study on built-up plate girders with various steel grades and beam spans to investigate the economic aspect of built-up plate girders with truss girders. Commonly the plate girder is designed to carry heavy load over a 20 m span length and different span lengths of the girders will influence the design of plate girders and their self-weight based on the steel grades and span lengths. Therefore, this study is carried out to determine the most economical detail dimensions and the self-weight of the plate girder structure which is based on the constant uniformly distributed loading acting on the variations of span length and steel grades. Plate girders are I-shaped cross-sections with symmetrical flanges. However, the depth of the plate girder is fixed as 1/20 of the span length and allocated to the design requirements. Bending moment resistance, shear buckling resistance for the flanges and web and the torsional buckling and buckling capacity of the stiffeners are checked through Eurocode 3. To evaluate the economic aspect based on the girders’ weight, parametric studies were carried out and the results obtained were compared with the truss girder. After that, comparative studies of the self-weight of the plate girders and the truss girder are carried out to study the more economical girder structure in terms of steel weight.
Magnetohydrodynamic of Williamson Hybrid Nanofluids Flow Over a Non-Linear Shrinking Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Joule Heating
Authors: Mokhtar Masyfu’ah , Mohd Kasim Abdul Rahman , Waini Iskandar , Nordin Nur Syahidah , Mohd Kanafiah Siti Farah Haryatie , Taofeeq Adeosun Adeshina
Published: February 2025

Heat transfer plays a crucial role in various industrial applications. Thus, this study investigates the heat transfer characteristics of a non-Newtonian Williamson hybrid nanofluids flowing over a non-linear shrinking sheet, incorporating MHD effects and viscous dissipation. Alumina and Copper nanoparticles are dispersed in a CMC-water base fluid, representing a non-Newtonian hybrid nanofluid with shear thinning behaviour. The complex mathematical model is transformed into similarity equations using appropriate transformations, and the MATLAB function bvp4c is employed to solve these equations numerically. The model’s accuracy is validated by comparison with an established model, demonstrating reasonable agreement. The study analyses the impact of various fluid parameters, including magnetic, Eckert number, Williamson, suction, and nanoparticle volume fraction, on fluid flow behaviour. Results show that increased suction enhances both the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate, while a higher Williamson parameter reduces both. The heat transfer rate decreases with an increase in the Eckert number. Additionally, an increase in the magnetic parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction leads to higher skin friction but a lower heat transfer rate.
The Beehive Design
Authors: Nor Aiman Sukindar  , Sherin Abdul Muizz Safiuddin , Amanina Farzana Pg Matsah  , Yulfian Aminanda
Published: February 2025

A functional sculpture can be described as a sculpture that merges artistry with practicality. To design a concept of functional sculpture that symbolizes the School of Design (SDe) specifically for Product Design at Universiti Teknologi Brunei (UTB) requires extensive background research on the subject itself, as well as conducting several surveys to gain information based on the public view and how well received is the concepts shown. Two methods of choosing are also done which is the House of Quality and Pugh method to pick the most favorable concept. One of the concepts chosen which was related to the school of design is a beehive where bees create honeycombs to provide shelter and food for the young bees to grow. A similar thing could be said for the School of Design towards its students.
Tiga-ponics – A New Farming System that Combines Hydroponic, Aquaponic, and Aeroponics Methods for Growing Vegetables
Authors: Hamdani Muhammad Taufiq , Nor Aiman Sukindar  , Fethma M Nor
Published: February 2025

Hydroponic is a form of technology that involves growing plants on an inert medium instead of natural soil. Not only does this help eliminate soil-borne diseases but it also helps in improving the crop quality as well. However, most hydroponic systems available in the market are meant for commercial purposes, are very costly, and take up too much space, making it difficult specifically for people who are interested in trying hydroponic as a hobby. This project aims to design a new form of system that combines the technology & benefits of hydroponic, aquaponic, and aeroponic that will be utilized for growing vegetables and herbs. The new system aims to be more efficient, compact, and, most importantly, cost-viable to the general consumers. To gain a better understanding of this topic, extensive research is conducted on the types of sustainable farming methods, hydroponics as well as different aspects of it. A survey is distributed online to gain feedback from potential buyers. Site visits are also conducted on two local farms that use hydroponic/aquaponic technology to learn their firsthand experience in managing a hydroponics system. A total of 6 different concept designs were sketched about the data obtained from the literature review, interview, and survey. The designs are then shortlisted into three concept designs before it is further shortlisted into one design with the aid of design evaluation using Pugh’s method. To conclude, a functional prototype of the system has been successfully built that fulfills the criteria of this project.
Mapping Students' Mental Models on the Material of Uniform Motion through Graphical Representation: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Amiruddin Mohd Zaidi , Samsudin Achmad , Suhandi Andi , Costu Bayram
Published: February 2025

Understanding uniform motion is fundamental in physics education as it serves as a basis for comprehending more advanced physical phenomena. Despite its importance, students often struggle with interpreting graphical representations of relationships between position, velocity, acceleration, and time, leading to misconceptions. This study aims to map students' mental models of uniform motion through graphical representations to identify their conceptual understanding and common misconceptions. A cross-sectional study design was used, involving 198 senior high school students aged 16–17 from a private school in Tangerang, Indonesia. Students completed five essay-based tasks requiring them to construct and interpret graphs related to uniform motion. Responses were analyzed using a rubric categorizing mental models into scientific, synthetic, or initial levels based on accuracy and depth of understanding. Results revealed diverse mental model categories, with most students displaying a partial knowledge of alternative conceptions or scientifically inaccurate interpretations. Findings emphasize the significance of visual representations in facilitating conceptual change and addressing misconceptions. The study concludes by offering insights into instructional strategies that enhance students’ understanding of uniform motion, mainly through improved graphical representations. This research contributes to physics education by emphasizing the integrating mental models and visualizations to strengthen conceptual learning.
Enhancing Zirconia-Toughened Alumina with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and Empty Fruit Bunch-Derived Solid Carbon
Authors: Roshidan Nursamirah , Manshor Hanisah , Rozhan Alya Naili , Ahmad Azhar Ahmad Zahirani , Purwanto Hadi
Published: February 2025

Zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) is a widely utilized oxide ceramic known for its exceptional toughness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for applications such as cutting tools and biomedical devices. Despite its advantages, the burnout of binders like polyethylene glycol (PEG) at high temperatures leaves porous structures in ZTA composites, potentially hindering densification and material performance. This study aims to enhance ZTA composite properties by using PEG to create pores that facilitate carbon (C) infiltration through the chemical vapor infiltration process, utilizing biomass-derived carbon from empty fruit bunches (EFB). The ZTA composites were impregnated with different amounts of PEG, ranging from 0 to 5 wt%, to increase the porosity of their microstructures, as the composites had to be porous to facilitate efficient C deposition, and achieve optimal strength. Empty fruit bunches (EFBs) were used as the C source. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that the PEG formed pores on the surface of the ZTA composites, possibly, because the higher PEG concentration decreased the density of the ZTA composites. However, the density of the ZTA composites increased post C infiltration as the C filled the pore spaces. The C-infiltrated ZTA composite containing 3 wt.% of PEG had the highest density (4.145 g/cm3) as well as the highest hardness (1911 HV) and fracture toughness (6.98 MPa.m1/2). It also required the lowest Raman spectra intensity ratio (ID/IG, 1.26), which indicated that it contained a high percentage of sp2 hybridised C atoms and a higher degree of graphitising C. Our findings had proved that during the sintering process, the binder evaporated, leaving pores that were later filled with C. This improved fracture resistance, hardness, and density because fewer pores remained, and porosity was reduced. However, as the PEG content increased to 4 wt.%, mechanical properties declined. This was due to agglomeration, which created more pores in the microstructure, making it easier for cracks to spread.
Development and Usability of the Geometry Kit Integrating Inquiry Learning Based Project in the Topic of Space Year Four
Authors: Nurdin Nurdiana Elina , Adnan Mazlini
Published: February 2025

This study aims to develop and test the usability of the Geometry Kit (GeoKit) integrating project-based inquiry learning in the topic of Space for Year 4 Mathematics. This study uses a development study design by applying the ADDIE model which consists of five phases namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The sample selection was carried out by simple random sampling of 124 samples consisting of fourth year students in two schools in Batang Padang, Perak. Data was collected through three research instruments, namely a needs analysis questionnaire, content and face validity of GeoKit questionnaire and usability of GeoKit questionnaire. Validation of GeoKit was performed by four experts. The findings of the expert evaluation were analyzed using the Content Validity Index (CVI) while the data of GeoKit needs analysis and usability were analyzed descriptively through frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study show that the developed GeoKit has satisfactory validity with I-CVI and S-CVI/Ave values of 1.00. The findings of the study also show the mean score and standard deviation of GeoKit’s usability for the construct of usefulness (M=3.43, SD=0.37), easy to learn (M=3.46, SD=0.39), easy to use (M=3.49, SD=0.50) and satisfaction (M=3.60, SD=0.38) are high. In conclusion, the developed GeoKit has satisfactory validity and high usability. Hence, it implicates that GeoKit that integrates project-based inquiry learning becomes one of the alternative kits that supports active student learning and provides a meaningful learning experience for students in mastering the topic of Space.
Color–Magnitude Diagram of NGC 205 and Its RR Lyrae Variables
Authors: Sarajedini Ata
Published: February 2025

We present the deepest color–magnitude diagram (CMD) for NGC 205 in the F606W (≈V) and F814W (≈I) filters. Our archival Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys field is centered ∼3

.

′

8 northwest of the galaxy's center. The CMD shows the canonical features of a predominantly intermediate-to-old age stellar population. Among other features, the CMD reveals a prominent red clump as well as a blue horizontal branch. Notably absent is any significant signature of a young main sequence typically produced by a stellar population with an age less than a few Gyr. From the magnitude of the red-giant-branch tip, we derive a distance modulus of (m − M)o = 24.66 ± 0.05. When compared with α-enhanced theoretical isochrones, the color distribution of the red giant branch stars yields a peak metallicity value of [Fe/H] = −0.51 ± 0.10. Our photometry also reveals a sample of 479 RR Lyrae variable stars (443 ab-type and 36 c-type). Utilizing equations that relate the periods and amplitudes to the metallicities of these stars, we find a mean 〈[Fe/H]〉 = −1.45 ± 0.02 on the Zinn & West scale for the purely old stellar population in NGC 205. The quoted uncertainty represents the standard error of the mean abundance value is consistent with that of the six genuine old globular clusters in NGC 205.
Geometric Correction for Wind Accretion in Binary Systems
Authors: Tejeda Emilio , Toalá Jesús A.
Published: February 2025

The Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton (BHL) accretion model is widely used to describe how a compact object accretes material from a companion's stellar wind in binary systems. However, its standard implementation becomes inaccurate when the wind velocity (v
w) is comparable to or less than the orbital velocity (v
o), predicting nonphysical accretion efficiencies above unity. This limits its applicability to systems with low wind-to-orbital velocity ratios (w = v
w/v
o ≤ 1), such as symbiotic systems. We revisit the implementation of the BHL model and introduce a geometric correction factor that accounts for the varying orientation of the accretion cylinder relative to the wind direction. This correction ensures physically plausible accretion efficiencies (η ≤ 1) for all w in circular orbits. Our new implementation naturally predicts the flattening of the accretion efficiency observed in numerical simulations for w < 1, without the need for ad hoc adjustments. We also peer into the implications of our prescription for the less-explored case of eccentric orbits, highlighting the key role of the geometric correction factor in shaping the accretion process. We compare our predictions with numerical simulations, finding good agreement for a wide range of parameters. Applications to the symbiotic star R Aqr and the X-ray binary LS 5039 are presented. This improved implementation offers a more accurate description of wind accretion in binary systems, with implications for stellar evolution, population synthesis, and observational data interpretation.
Constraining the Nuclear Equation of State of a Neutron Star via High-frequency Quasi-periodic Oscillation in Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Huang Jun-Xiang , Lü Hou-Jun , Liang En-Wei
Published: February 2025

The determination of the equation of state (EOS) of a neutron star (NS) and its maximum mass is very important for understanding the formation and properties of NSs under extreme conditions, but they remain open questions. Short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from the merger of binary NSs or giant flares (GFs) of soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). Recently, the high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) have been claimed to be identified from two short GRBs (GRB 931101B and GRB 910711). In this paper, we propose that the observed high-frequency QPOs in these two short GRBs result from torsional oscillations in the GFs of SGRs associated with cold NSs, or from radial oscillations of hypermassive NSs as the hot remnants of binary NS mergers, and then to constrain the EOS of NSs. For torsional oscillations, the six selected EOSs (TM1, NL3, APR, SLy4, DDME2, and GM1) of NSs suitable for the zero-temperature condition exhibit significant overlap in mass ranges, suggesting that we cannot constrain the EOS of NSs. For radial oscillations, the six selected EOSs (IUF, TM1, TMA, FSG, BHBLp, and NL3) of NSs suitable for the high-temperature condition cannot be ruled out when redshift is considered. However, it is found that the EOS can only be constrained if the redshift and temperature of the remnant can be measured.
Investigation of the vegetation structure, diversity and composition in the tropical semi-evergreen forests of Northeast India
Authors: Nautiyal Dinesh C. , Manish Kumar
Published: February 2025

The Himalayan forests are highly threatened due to anthropogenic pressures ranging from agriculture intensification, deforestation, hydropower development, etc. The present study attempts to document the floristic diversity, composition and structure of vegetation communities in the tropical semi-evergreen forest of North Cachar Hills in Assam. A one-time assessment was made during the peak growing season in a 4000 m2 forest area to make an inventory of vegetation structure by using the nested quadrat method. A total of 445 individuals belonging to 52 tree species were recorded from the overstorey, while 161120 individuals belonging to 72 species were recorded from the understorey vegetation. The forest stand structure exhibited a reverse J-shaped population curve, and most tree species showed no regeneration (57%), while others showed either good (23%) or poor (17%) regeneration. This study highlights that the understorey vegetation is as important as the overstorey vegetation with respect to species diversity. This study can serve as a baseline for assessing the impacts of different natural and anthropogenic threats on biodiversity in the study area. Additionally, this study highlights the need to conserve the natural forests of Northeast India and protect them from different threats.
The vascular flora of the Apuan Alps (Tuscany, Central Italy)
Authors: Pierini Brunello , Peruzzi Lorenzo
Published: February 2025

We present an updated and critically revised list of the vascular flora occurring in the Apuan Alps (Tuscany), a renowned area of high naturalistic interest. The list is based on a literature survey, herbarium and field studies. The Apuan Alps host an established flora of 1,987 specific and subspecific taxa (including 106 naturalized and 24 invasive aliens), 76 casual aliens and 27 hybrid taxa. Three taxa are new for Tuscany: Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. pulchella, Chaenomeles speciosa (casual alien), and Thalictrum minus subsp. saxatile, while Helianthemum oelandicum subsp. alpestre is excluded from the regional flora; 47 taxa are new for the study area (31 native, 16 alien). Concerning old records, 168 (158 native, four hybrid, and six casual alien taxa) were not confirmed, albeit considered reliable. Moreover, we considered 10 taxa as locally extinct, 44 as doubtfully occurring, and 14 as reported by error. Life forms suggest a transitional situation between a Mediterranean bioclimatic context and a more distinctly subcontinental one. Regarding the chorological spectrum, there is a clear prevalence of species with a distribution centered in the Eurosiberian Region, with a biogeographically relevant component represented by 152 taxa, among which 93 Italian endemics (30 of them narrowly endemic to Apuan Alps). Based on species-area relationship, the number of native taxa exceeds the one expected, while the number of alien taxa is lower than expected. This positions the area as objectively rich in terms of its flora and of high natural value.
Plant species used as wood substrata for nesting by Megalopta genalis Meade-Waldo, 1916 and M. amoena Spinola, 1853 (Hymenoptera, Halictidae)
Authors: Harwood Janitce A. , Wcislo William T.
Published: February 2025

Halictine bees are a group that are useful for understanding the evolutionary origins of social behavior and the evolution of nest architecture. Most species nest in the soil, but there have been several evolutionary transitions to nesting in wood. Megalopta is a nocturnal genus and represents one of the larger radiations of wood-nesting bees in the Halictinae. These bees have been observed nesting in branches and stems from trees and lianas, but it is not known to which species they belong. There is only a record of a nest in a dead trunk of Apeiba tibourbou Aubl. (Malvaceae, Tilioideae). This research aims to identify the wood plant species used as substrata by Megalopta genalis and M. amoena bees to build their nests. Fieldwork was conducted on Barro Colorado Island. Fifty-nine occupied nests were grouped in 14 morphospecies and anatomically described using transverse, longitudinal and radial sections cut with a microtome following standard histological techniques. Anatomical features of the samples belong to 11 plant species, represented by eight families of angiosperm plants and 11 genera. Considering there are anatomical features that make possible to distinguish trees and lianas like wide vessels, vessel dimorphism, abundance of axial parenchyma and others, we can determine that Megalopta bees prefer wood substrates with high proportion of soft tissues from trees or shrubs and possibly mostly liana plant species. The species most used as substrata for nesting were Uncaria tomentosa DC. (Rubiaceae), Hylenaea praecelsa (Miers) A.C.Sm. (Celastraceae) and Guettarda L. (Rubiaceae).
Three new species of Polleniidae (Diptera) from China
Authors: Liu Shixin , Ji Honghu , Li Wenliang , Yao Gang
Published: February 2025

Dexopollenia guangxiensis Liu, Li & Yao, sp. nov., Dexopollenia chongqingensis Liu, Li & Yao, sp. nov. and Xanthotryxus huapingensis Liu, Li & Yao, sp. nov. from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chongqing are described and illustrated. Keys to species of the genera Dexopollenia and Xanthotryxus from China are provided. Photographs of the habitus and male genitalia of the new species are also provided.
Barbastella caspica (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) in China: first record and complete mitochondrial genome
Authors: Wang Zhong-Yu , Abduriyim Shamshidin
Published: February 2025

The Caspian barbastelle, Barbastella caspica, has spread widely in the Caspian region, Iran, and Central Asia; however, there is no evidence of its occurrence in China so far. During a field investigation, we collected a single specimen of B. caspica in China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. At the same time, we obtained the free-flight echolocation calls of the bat. It omitted signals with start frequency of 33.15 ± 1.43 kHz, end frequency of 29.82 ± 0.40 kHz, frequency of most energy 31.48 ± 0.40 kHz, duration of 2.43 ± 0.24 ms, and a pulse interval of 246.57 ± 9.48 ms, which are probably type-I sounds emitted through the mouth. We also sequenced its entire mitochondrial genome to elucidate the genomic structure and its evolutionary relationships with closely related Barbastella. The mitochondrial genome of B. caspica spans 16,933 bp, comprising 13 protein-encoding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a displacement loop/control region. Consistent with previous bat mitogenome reports, the majority of mitochondrial genes are encoded on the heavy chain. A phylogenetic analysis based on 13 protein-coding genes revealed that Rhogeessa, Plecotus, and B. caspica formed a clade within Vespertilionidae. Barbastella caspica was found to be a sister species to B. beijingensis and B. leucomelas in phylogenetic trees using the cytochrome b and ND1 gene sequences. This is the first report of the mitogenome of a member of the genus Barbastella, as well as the first record of the distribution of B. caspica in China and first documentation of its echolocation calls.
Charles Nicolle, un pionnier de l’épidémiologie des maladies infectieuses
Authors: Simonet Michèle
Published: February 2025

Médecin né en 1866 dans une famille rouennaise, Charles Nicolle quitte sa Normandie natale avec amertume en 1902 pour la Tunisie où il prend la direction de l’Institut Pasteur de Tunis, nouvellement créé ; il le dirigera pendant 33 ans, jusqu’à sa mort en 1936. Ses premières années de recherche en Tunisie, consacrées aux maladies infectieuses exotiques, ont été extrêmement fécondes : il identifie la leishmaniose viscérale infantile, l’agent responsable ( Leishmania infantum ) et son réservoir canin, découvre un nouveau protozoaire, Toxoplasma gondii , et démontre le rôle du pou dans la transmission à l’Homme des agents du typhus exanthématique ainsi que de la fièvre récurrente mondiale. Ses travaux sur la prévention du typhus épidémique et la mise en lumière qu’une infection puisse être inapparente ont été à l’origine du prix Nobel en médecine/physiologie qui lui a été décerné en 1928 : Charles Nicolle, l’un des pionniers de l’épidémiologie des maladies infectieuses, deviendra le premier microbiologiste français ainsi honoré.
Unveiling the Evolution and Global Ascendancy of South Asian Cinema
Authors: Jha Amaresh
Published: February 2025

South Asian cinema is experiencing a global boom. This descriptive analysis explores the diverse film industries of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and other South Asian countries, highlighting their unique cultural influences and historical contexts. While Bollywood dominates the region, each nation has a rich cinematic tradition. The study projects a significant economic rise, with revenue reaching US$6.39 billion by 2029. Factors like growing disposable incomes and a global love for diverse stories fuel this growth. Strategic investments in production and digital platforms further propel South Asia's cinematic ascent. Prestigious film festivals like Mumbai Film Festival showcase talent and attract international attention. With its economic might, cultural richness, and captivating narratives, South Asian cinema is poised to reshape the global film landscape.
Paradigms of Posthumanism on Screen
Authors: Sinha Bhavya , Dirghangi Aditi
Published: February 2025

Fine arts and cultural studies contribute greatly to the popular understanding of posthumanism. The ideas that are encapsulated under the umbrella of the term “posthumanism” help break away from the discourses that place the human at the center and expand to include dialogues against similar totalizing concepts. A movement towards posthumanism in Indian films can be observed in Bollywood's growing repository. This chapter studies the paradigms of posthumanism in Bollywood and its understanding in the Southeast Asian country. Environmental humanities, sci-fi, and horror act as the most fertile fields of study of the tenets of posthumanism as they grapple with societal debates. The chapter undertakes the study of posthumanism in Bollywood through an analysis of movies under Maddock films, namely Go Goa Gone, Bhediya, and Munjya.
Cinematic Tapestry
Authors: Vijayan Thirtha , R. B. Akshayaa
Published: February 2025

This chapter traces the evolution of Indian cinema, one of the world's largest film industries, from early silent films to its vibrant modern narratives. It highlights the global impact of actors like Priyanka Chopra and Irrfan Khan, who expanded Indian cinema's reach through cross-cultural collaborations. Films not only entertain but reflect India's cultural and political fabric. Directors like Guru Dutt and Raj Kapoor captured post-independence India, while the 1970s and 80s introduced New Wave cinema addressing caste and gender issues. Romance, a key genre, is explored in classics like Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge and Mughal-e-Azam, while films like Kabir Singh challenge toxic masculinity. South Indian films, such as Uyare and Jai Bhim, spotlight gender violence and caste struggles, showcasing progressive narratives. The chapter highlights Indian cinema's global influence and thematic diversity.
Exploring the Morphology of Evil
Authors: Sachdev Mani , Khan Saad Ullah , Arora Mukta , Khan Sadaf
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the intricate morphology of evil by scrutinizing villain archetypes prevalent in mainstream Hindi cinema. Employing a qualitative framework grounded in narrative theory and cultural studies, the study investigates how these archetypes embody and perpetuate societal anxieties, values, and ideologies. Through a comprehensive examination of prominent cinematic narratives, character developments, and thematic motifs, this research elucidates the multifaceted dimensions of villainy within the cultural and historical contexts of Hindi cinema. By identifying recurring patterns and variations in villain portrayal, the chapter aims to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of how cinematic representations of evil serve as reflections and critiques of broader societal constructs. Ultimately, this exploration seeks to enrich scholarly discourse on the interplay between popular culture, morality, and collective imagination in contemporary Indian cinema.
Kazakhstan and Its Film Industry
Authors: Kerry Lucyann , Russing Cole Lee
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines the current state of the film industry of Kazakhstan within the Central Asian region from the perspective of a globally emergent creative industry with aspiring producers in search of a global audience. Kazakhstan has used its vast national wealth to promote itself through narrative film and to provide an economic sustainable base for its filmmakers. The chapter frames the contemporary industry in its historical, social, political, and economic development as a post-Soviet creative industry promoting a ‘counter-Borat' representation, national identity, and transborder appeal. It uses the globalization theory of John Tomlinson and complex connectivity to better understand the contemporary trends of the Kazakh film industry and its challenges. Interviews with key Kazakh professionals in the film industry were conducted to provide their knowledge of the current industry, the influence and effect of globalizing forces, the changing national and regional context with its geopolitics, and their perspective on its cultural representations and filmic storytelling.
Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing AI for Smart Water
Authors: Fuentes-Penna Alejandro , Cárdenas Raúl Gómez , Aguilar Anayeli Silva
Published: February 2025

Adopting emerging technologies based on Artificial Intelligence in water management is essential to address the challenges of drinking water scarcity. Artificial Intelligence proposes new advantages over current technologies, with the main objective of optimizing the drinking water supply and ensuring that future generations have access to safe and clean water. The current issues detected from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in particular SDG 6 - clean water and sanitation, seek to reduce water scarcity, optimize efficiency and sustainability in water use, improve the quality of water for human consumption, maintain real-time monitoring and management, among other aspects relevant to everyday life. This chapter aims to identify opportunities and challenges in water management through the ethical and appropriate use of Artificial Intelligence to achieve SDG 6 and propose viable alternative solutions.
The Critical Role of Water Quality
Authors: Akhai Shalom , Taneja Tanu
Published: February 2025

Clean water is essential for human health and environmental sustainability. This paper explores the intricate link between water quality, public health, and ecosystem stability, highlighting the dangers posed by contaminants such as heavy metals, pathogens, and chemicals. It examines the health risks associated with polluted water and emphasizes the urgent need for sustainable solutions to mitigate these threats. By addressing water contamination through advanced treatment technologies, policy reforms, and community-driven initiatives, this work underscores the critical role of clean water in fostering a healthier, more sustainable future for all.
Microwave Circuits Enabling 5G/6G Communication
Authors: Dwivedi Smrity
Published: February 2025

There is growing demand for 5G as well as 6G technologies as per user's requirements and enhanced applications. As low latency and high data rates are key findings of 5G, in same way more improved bandwidth, maximum data enabled rate, and many new applications are basic achievable things from 6G systems. There are several types of microwave circuits used for such high frequency. RF/microwave circuits include antennas, filters, power amplifiers, phase shifters, power dividers, mixers, and multiplexers. Here, microwave antennas have been discussed under the microwave circuits. In the last few years, as per economic and social development which is greatly influenced by the advancements in mobile communication and technology, 5G technology has emerged as an important of the future 2020 generation which is already in use. After the development of fifth-generation technologies, researchers, scientists, and engineers are looking for wide bandwidth which should improve wireless systems and devices to provide better services and faster experience. Also, the development of 5G wireless network technology is the response to the crucial factors that lead to this demand because of its ability to provide extremely fast internet speed, high bandwidth, high performance, reduced latency, and high reliability and better gain. In this chapter, we will review the recent design with advancement in 5G antennas for beyond 5G applications and also we will give a few designs of antennae for 6G applications.
Case of a Higher Education Institution Experiencing an Accreditation Journey
Authors: Saklani Alok
Published: February 2025

There are many countries where outcome based education has been newly introduced either because of the regulator's instructions or due to realisation among institutions facing competition from others who have undergone an accreditation process and adopted the same. It is only when institutions plan to go for an accreditation that they realise that there is more to education & student learning than just passing a course, unless the regulator has already made it mandatory. At this stage, institutions become aware of the critical way of looking at outcomes and many among them do go through a transformation. However there are challenges within- mainly from faculty members/ staff who need time to shift to new systems, or some, who do not agree with the desired changes. A case of one institution in India has been discussed in this overall context in the chapter. The experiential description can help other institutes, that have not gone through this journey, sense what the process entails.
Outcomes in Accreditation of Higher Education
Authors: Narayanan Priya , Patil Jagannath
Published: February 2025

Accreditation of Higher Education Institutions is one of the renowned quality assurance measures. Accreditation has been the global guiding light for recognizing and realizing quality. The accreditation outcomes often provide avenues for international recognition of the programs and institutions. Hence, understanding the results of Accreditation by different internationally renowned accreditation bodies and their network is essential to understand the nuance of quality. Presently, the Indian Higher Education System is going through massive transformations under the light of the National Education Policy. Accreditation of higher education institutions in India will also adapt to the change in ground realities and thus evolve. The present research identifies different outcomes and practices of Accreditation by various institutions, thereby discerning a best-fit outcome model for Accreditation in the Indian Higher Education scenario.
Real-world experience with vismodegib and sonidegib in advanced basal cell carcinoma: a multicenter Italian study
Authors: Valenti Mario , Di Giulio Sara , Carugno Andrea , Frascione Pasquale , Marzano Angelo Valerio , Mercuri Santo Raffaele , Nazzaro Gianluca , Spallone Giulia , Paolino Giovanni , Ardigò Marco
Published: February 2025

Vismodegib and sonidegib are smoothened (SMO) inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma (aBCC). This study investigates the real-world experiences and outcomes associated with these therapies across multiple Italian centers. A retrospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted. Medical records of patients with local advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) treated with SMO inhibitors outside of clinical trials from July 2019 to April 2024 were analyzed. A total of 57 patients were included in the study, with 19 (33.3%) receiving vismodegib and 38 (66.7%) receiving sonidegib. Vismodegib demonstrated a complete response (CR) in 31.6% of cases and a partial response (PR) in 26.3%. Sonidegib achieved a CR of 47.4% and a PR of 36.8%. The median treatment duration was 8 months for vismodegib and 12 months for sonidegib. Adverse events were more frequently reported with vismodegib. Treatment interruption due to adverse events occurred in 47.4% of vismodegib recipients and in 13.2% of those receiving sonidegib. The progression of the disease under treatment occurred in 7.9% of cases of patients under sonidegib and in 26.3% of cases under vismodegib.
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*Appendix Authors list
Valentina Benzecry Mancin,1 Veronica Benzi,2 Matteo Bianco,2,3 Alessandra Bulotta,4 Antonio Costanzo,2,3 Giuseppe Damiano,5 Nerina Denaro,6 Laura Eibenschutz,7 Barbara Merelli,8 Giulia Murgia,1 Alessandra Narcisi,3 Emanuela Passoni,1 Francesco Piscazzi,2,3 Vincenzo Russo5
1Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan; 3Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan; 4Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan; 5Unit of Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan; 6Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan; 7Oncologic and Preventive Dermatology Unit, IFO-San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome; 8Oncology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
Effect of high flow nasal cannula versus conventional nasal cannula oxygen therapy in patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration
Authors: Gupta Stuti , Kumar Rohit , Gupta Neeraj Kumar , Madan Manu , Ish Pranav , Kaushik Rajnish , Talukdar Tanmaya , Gupta Nitesh
Published: February 2025

Patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration may have multiple comorbidities, contributing to higher risks of hypoxia and adverse events, such as arrhythmias. The current study compared the efficacy of two oxygenation modalities: the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) vs. conventional oxygen therapy (CNC). Patients were randomized to either the HFNC or the CNC arm. HFNC and CNC were initiated and escalated as per predefined protocols. The number of desaturation events [fall in saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) by 3% from the baseline] and change in levels of transcutaneous CO2 (tcCO2) from baseline were noted. Subgroup analysis was done in patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities and in patients with SpO2<97%. A total of 122 patients were randomized. Overall, there was no significant difference in the number of desaturation events and change in tcCO2 levels; however, in patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities (obstructive sleep apnea, heart diseases, and stable chronic obstructive airway disease), 50% in the HFNC arm had no desaturation compared to 11.7% in the CNC arm (p=0.007). 41.17% of patients in the HFNC arm had a rise in tcCO2 levels, compared to 36.11% of patients in the CNC arm (p>0.5). In patients with SpO2<97%, 48.88% in the HFNC arm had no desaturations compared to 14.70% in the CNC arm (p=0.001); there was no statistical difference in rise in tcCO2. Hence, HFNC would be a better modality for oxygenation in patients with a high risk of hypoxia without increasing the risk of hypercapnia.
An Asian monogenic diabetes registry: prevalence, long-term renal trajectory and development of a diagnostic algorithm for selection of candidates for genetic testing
Authors: Tan Clara Si Hua , Kee Kai Xiang , Zheng Huili , Chan Lovynn Wan Ting , Song Yuzhen , Kon Winston Yin Chian , Chee Ying Jie , Lian Joyce Xia , Vasanwala Rashida Farhad , Yap Fabian Kok Peng , Loh Wann Jia , Subramaniam Tavintharan , Sum Chee Fang , Lim Su Chi
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Through the National Healthcare Group–Khoo Teck Puat Hospital Monogenic Diabetes Registry, we aimed to determine the prevalence and spectrum of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), describe the long-term renal trajectory of major MODY subtypes, and develop a diagnostic algorithm based on a combination of clinical parameters and biomarkers to refine selection of candidates for genetic testing.

Methods:

A total of 373 study participants attending secondary care diabetes centres in Singapore were referred for genetic testing. Key inclusion criteria for genetic testing included onset age ≤35 years, body mass index <32.5 kg/m2 and absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody.

Results:

Analysis of 16 genes and one mitochondrial variant led to a molecular diagnosis in 49 participants, with pathogenic variants present mostly in HNF1A (29%), HNF4A (23%) and GCK (15%). Long-term renal trajectory data observed between these major MODY subtypes were not significantly different, but some key observations were typical for each subgroup. For instance, patients with HNF4A-MODY were predisposed to the risk of microvascular complications (i.e., diabetic kidney disease), while patients with GCK-MODY had mild and non-progressive hyperglycaemia. A structured diagnostic algorithm, including readily available biomarkers such as high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), provided 71% diagnostic accuracy, achieving a negative predictive value of 0.94 and a sensitivity of 0.68.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of MODY (13%) is non-trivial among young-onset diabetes referred for genetic testing based on clinical classifiers suggestive of MODY. Current clinical assessment tools may include hs-CRP and HDL-c to refine selection of candidates for genetic testing.
Evaluating Physicians’ Satisfaction with Using eHealth System for Managing Patients in Primary and Secondary Care
Authors: Denkovski Viktor , Gavrilov Goce , Stojmenovska Irena , Radevski Vladimir
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: eHealth systems are raising both patient satisfaction and medical care. The proper workflow regulations and data exchange between primary and secondary healthcare are crucial.
OBJECTIVES: Investigation of the major determinants influencing the physicians’ satisfaction while using an eHealth information system.
METHODS: A survey of primary and secondary healthcare medical professionals was conducted in R.N. Macedonia. The categorical variables from the data analysis were presented and a logistic regression was carried out.
RESULTS: The multiple logistic regression model was statistically significant for sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis in which the overall satisfaction rating of the eHealth system usage for managing patients and other healthcare services will not be affected by the other variables in favour of the alternative Ha.
CONCLUSION: Various factors between primary and secondary healthcare professionals regarding system’s usage satisfaction are presented and studied. Various issues were revealed between both parties that should serve the policymakers and medical authorities for further improvements.
Topo-isomorphisms of irregular Toeplitz subshifts for residually finite groups
Authors: Gómez Jaime
Published: February 2025

For every countable residually finite group 

G

and every totally disconnected metric compactification

\overleftarrow{G}

of 

G

, we construct an irregular Toeplitz subshift

X\subseteq \{0,1\}^{G}

whose maximal equicontinuous factor is 

\overleftarrow{G}

and such that 

X

is a topo-isomorphic extension of 

\overleftarrow{G}

. When the acting group

G

is amenable, our construction yields new examples of mean-equicontinuous dynamical systems.