Abstract 2570: Identification of genetic polymorphisms associated with myelodysplastic syndromes by genome-wide association study
Authors: McGraw Kathy , Cheng Chia-Ho , Chen Ann , Genovese Giulio , Cluzeau Thomas , Lin Hui-Yi , Przychodzen Bartlomiej , Mallo Mar , Arenillas Leonor , Mohamedali Azim , Ades Lionel , Basiorka Ashley , Irvine Brittany , Sallman David , Padron Eric , Sokol Lubomir , Pellagatti Andrea , Brest Chimene , Raynaud Sophie , Nilsson Bjorn , Boultwood Jacqueline , Ebert Benjamin , Sole Francesc , Fenaux Pierre , Mufti Ghulam , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Kanetsky Peter , List Alan 
Published: July 2016

Background: The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are senescence-dependent stem cell malignancies. Although germ line mutations in RUNX1, CEBPA, ETV6, or GATA2 may underlie familial cases, inherited genetic polymorphisms influencing MDS susceptibility has not been evaluated. We performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to MDS predisposition.

Methods: DNA from 1361 MDS patients from 9 international centers was genotyped on the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0; all patients signed informed consent. Data on 4597 healthy controls genotyped on the same platform were obtained from the Database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Applying standard quality control metrics and limiting to individuals of European ancestry, we analysed 999 MDS patients and 4,309 controls at 545,924 markers. We used logistic regression to determine associations with MDS after appropriate adjustment assuming an additive genetic model.

Results: We identified 15 SNPs at 9 loci associated with MDS, including rs6780298 (3q13; p = 5.0×10-6) and rs1206819 (20q13; p = 1.54×10-6) that mapped to the intragenic regions of MORC1 and EYA2, respectively; and rs2473784 (1p31; p = 3.32×10-7) that mapped downstream of DEPDC1. Other hits (p≤5×10-6) at 4q28, 5p14, 9p22, 6p22, 10q21 are in or near SLC7A11, GUSBP1, SH3GL2, MOG and TRIM27, respectively. Using publicly available gene expression profiling data, we confirmed all of these genes are expressed in the hematopoietic compartment and MORC1, EYA2, DEPDC1, and SH3GL2 are increased in leukemic samples suggesting that variation in these genes may be functionally relevant in myeloid malignancies. Notably, EYA2 (20q13) flanks the commonly deleted region in del(20q) MDS and has oncogenic properties in solid tumors. SH3GL2 is very highly upregulated in leukemic samples and interacts with Dynamin-1, a GTP-binding protein involved in cellular trafficking and is similarly associated with solid tumorigenesis. To validate our observed associations, we analysed the 15 SNP markers in an independent set of 12,385 individuals of whom 117 developed hematologic malignancy (including MDS) during follow up. The markers at 1p31 including rs2473784 and 4 others in strong linkage disequilibrium were associated with individuals who developed hematologic malignancy (p&lt;0.05). One other SNP (rs404660) showing an association in both the MDS GWAS analysis and the hematologic malignancy dataset is also currently under further investigation.

Conclusions: These data provide the first genome-wide identification of germline variants associated with MDS. Current work is underway to replicate these findings in an independent sample set of MDS patients and healthy controls. If confirmed, these SNPs may serve as biomarkers to identify individuals at risk for MDS and potentially support new prevention strategies.

Citation Format: Kathy McGraw, Chia-Ho Cheng, Ann Chen, Giulio Genovese, Thomas Cluzeau, Hui-Yi Lin, Bartlomiej Przychodzen, Mar Mallo, Leonor Arenillas, Azim Mohamedali, Lionel Ades, Ashley Basiorka, Brittany Irvine, David Sallman, Eric Padron, Lubomir Sokol, Andrea Pellagatti, Chimene Brest, Sophie Raynaud, Bjorn Nilsson, Jacqueline Boultwood, Benjamin Ebert, Francesc Sole, Pierre Fenaux, Ghulam Mufti, Jaroslaw Maciejewski, Peter Kanetsky, Alan List. Identification of genetic polymorphisms associated with myelodysplastic syndromes by genome-wide association study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2570.