bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Journal Scan
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: June 2019

Nikki Welyczko, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, provides a brief overview of recently published nursing and health articles
BSGNA Award: excellence begins at home
Authors: Leyland Hayley
Published: June 2019

The British Society of Gastroenterology Nurses Association (BSGNA) Award recognises individuals or teams who have made a demonstrable positive impact on patient care. Successful applicants receive free registration for the BSG Annual Conference and a £250 award. The 2019 award ceremony took place at the joint medical and nursing plenary session at the BSG Conference in Glasgow. The 2019 BSGNA Award was awarded to Hayley Leyland, nutrition nurse at Freeman Hospital in Newcastle Upon Tyne, who describes her work below.
Clinical Digest
Authors: Williams Julia
Published: June 2019

Julia Williams, Senior Lecturer at City University, London, provides a brief overview of recently published articles on wound, ostomy and continence care
Best-practice for stoma care in children and teenagers
Authors: Forest-Lalande Louise
Published: June 2019

Louise Forest-Lalande, Independent Enterostomal Therapy Nurse and Nursing Educator, based in Canada, introduces new global guidelines
Promoting continence after visceral-oncological surgery
Authors: Wieczorek Margarete Anna
Published: June 2019

Margarete Anna Wieczorek, WOC Nurse at Hospital of the Order of St John of God Regensburg, looks at pelvic floor exercises in practice
CITOCININA NA SOBREVIVÊNCIA E PRODUTIVIDADE DE MINICEPAS DE EUCALYPTUS BENTHAMII CULTIVADAS EM MINIJARDIM CLONAL
Authors: Prates Gisele De Fátima , Garcia Flávio Augusto de Oliveira , Peres Fabiana Schmidt Bandeira , Lombardi Kátia Cylene
Published: June 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito regulador de crescimento do 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) na sobrevivência e produtividade de brotações em minicepas de Eucalyptus benthamii conduzidas em sistema hidropônico. Para isso, foram montados dois experimentos em épocas distintas. Para a formação do minijardim clonal em sistema hidropônico, foram utilizadas mudas clonais de E. benthamii com aproximadamente 100 dias de idade. As mudas foram cultivadas em jardineiras contendo a solução nutritiva. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com 4 blocos e 5 tratamentos com 10 plantas por parcela no primeiro ensaio e 6 plantas no segundo. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro doses de BAP e uma testemunha. No segundo ensaio, as minicepas apresentaram taxa de sobrevivência de 63, 45, 65, 64 e 58, respectivamente, para os tratamentos 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5. O melhor desempenho foi registrado pela testemunha com produtividade média de 20, 14 e 8 minestacas, respectivamente, na 1ª, 2ª e 3ª coletas.
ANÁLISE DO CONFORTO TÉRMICO NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL UTILIZANDO TÉCNICAS GEOESTATÍSTICAS E DADOS DAS NORMAIS CLIMATOLÓGICAS
Authors: Boff de Oliveira Zanandra , Bottega Eduardo Leonel , Boff de Oliveira Marília , Moares da Silva Clarissa , Link Tiago Tondolo
Published: June 2019

A análise de dados climáticos permite a previsão de áreas com ocorrência do estresse calórico e auxilia na tomada de decisões quanto ao manejo ambiental adequado. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o conforto térmico no estado do Rio do Grande do Sul por meio de técnicas geoestatísticas e de dados das normais climatológicas (1961-1990 e 1981-2010). O estudo foi realizado para os meses de verão, em 18 municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados meteorológicos médios mensais de temperatura máxima (Tmax) e de umidade relativa mínima (URmin), utilizados para o cálculo do índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU), foram obtidos do site do INMET. A análise geoestatística foi realizada utilizando o software GS+ e os mapas foram confeccionados com o software KrigMe. Não houve alteração na Tmax nesse espaço de tempo, que compreende as duas normais climatológicas (1961-2010). Identificou-se a redução na URmin na normal de 1981-2010 em comparação a de 1961-1990. Essa redução na URmin resultou em menores valores de ITU no período de 1981 a 2010 em comparação ao período anterior, reduzindo a área do estado sob estresse calórico em até 60%. A geoespacialização do ITU no Rio Grande do Sul permitiu visualizar que 100% do território está sob desconforto térmico por calor no período de verão (ITU > 74) e que até 27% do território está sob condições ambientais muito quentes (ITU > 79) no mês de janeiro.
Comparte, copia y mejora: La piratería como medio de desarrollo tecnológico y cultural
Authors: Martínez Garrido Pablo
Published: June 2019

Se parte de una visión de la piratería no tanto como amenaza al sistema, sino como la manera más eficaz de desarrollo tecnológico y cultural. Partiremos de los ejemplos mencionados en The Pirate Book (Maigret & Roszkowska 2015). Primero, el caso de la industria shanzhai en China, cuya deficiencia educativa de los trabajadores les ha llevado a aprender por sí solos los conocimientos técnicos que compiten con la industria tecnológica occidental. El trabajo para las compañías internacionales les permite reproducir a la perfección estos productos y ponerlos en circulación. Luego, el caso de El Paquete, el principal medio de difusión cubano; una carpeta repleta de material audiovisual que puedes descargar en un pendrive en establecimientos físicos. Este material suele estar prohibido por el gobierno de Cuba, que lo tacha de inmoral (series americanas, últimos estrenos, libros, música reggaetón, software e incluso una versión offline de Wikipedia que se refresca con cada actualización semanal del Paquete). Por último, el caso de la industria cinematográfica llamada Mollywood, ubicada en una ciudad pobre de la India llamada Malegaon. Partiremos de un documental que sigue el rodaje de una versión de Superman realizada con recursos muy escasos.
Cómo desaparecer del mapa: Un caso práctico de disidencia online
Authors: Luna Lozano Sergio , Morán Conesa Yasmina
Published: June 2019

La red internet ha pasado de ser un lugar de posibilidades emancipatorias que permitió la aparición de espacios de actuación independientes, a un espacio hiperregulado por grandes compañías. Esta transformación también ha afectado a las prácticas artísticas relacionadas con internet, que han evolucionado de explorar el potencial de internet como medio de creación y lugar de resistencia a reflexionar sobre la propia red y sus mecanismos. A partir de un caso práctico, el artículo analiza las posibilidades de disidencia desde las prácticas artísticas en el entorno actual de internet y las herramientas comerciales de la compañía Google, y más concretamente en el servicio Google Street View.
Los soportes de publicidad exterior como elemento de exhibición artística en el arte español de vocación crítica
Authors: García Alarcón Ana
Published: June 2019

Este artículo toma como punto de partida las relaciones entre el arte y la publicidad para analizar cómo, desde las artes visuales y la institución artística, se utilizan muchos recursos propios de la industria publicitaria. Nos centraremos en los soportes de publicidad exterior y en cómo éstos son empleados como elemento de exhibición artística. Al salirnos de los escenarios habituales para mostrar el arte contemporáneo, estos lugares nos ofrecen la posibilidad de llegar a un público más amplio. Estos contenedores para la publicidad se transfiguran por un tiempo en espacios para el arte, pasando a acoger obras con una intencionalidad muy dispar. Este tipo de intervenciones se articulan desde la inserción -mediante el alquiler de estos espacios -, pero también a través de la usurpación, siendo muchos los creadores que intervienen en ellos sin pedir permiso. Reflexionaremos sobre el potencial de las imágenes y sobre la saturación que éstas pueden crear en nuestro día a día.
Málaga, hacia la supremacía del turismo cultural
Authors: Zapata Vázquez Manuel
Published: June 2019

Este artículo analiza la evolución de la identidad cultural andaluza y la imagen turística de Málaga. De ser una ciudad vinculada el turismo de ‘sol y playa’ actualmente pugna por la supremacía del turismo cultural en la comunidad a través de su imagen de marca como ‘ciudad de los museos’. La musealización de la ciudad o la instrumentalización de la figura de Pablo Picasso como paradigma de la estrategia turística son algunos de los principales fenómenos que han contribuido a la redefinición de su identidad. Como resistencia a la turistificación, algunas propuestas y movimientos sociales han denunciado la situación desde el campo del arte y la acción ciudadana.
HVAC sistemetan koroa-efektuaren agerpena detektatu eta aztertzeko metodologia
Authors: Larrea Ane Miren , Etxegarai Agurtzane , De la Hoz Manuel Antonio , Mazón Javier , Fernández Elvira
Published: June 2019

Airearen ionizazioa dela eta, tentsio altuko lineetan koroa-efektua sortzen da, eta, ondorioz, elektrizitate-galerak eta lineetan kalteak gertatzen dira. Hortaz, artikulu honen helburua koroa-efektua eta haren detekzioa aztertzea da korronte alternoko goi-tentsioko sistemetan. Ikerketa-metodologiak Jorgensen eta Pedersen-ek lortutako datu esperimentalak erabili ditu, eta kalkuluak Townsend-en teorian oinarrituta daude. COMSOL multiphysics softwarea erabili da eremu elektrikoaren kalkulurako, beharrezko parametroa baita koroa-efektuaren kalkuluan. Lortutako emaitzak MATLAB bidez aztertu dira. Behin metodologia egiaztatuta, presioa, tenperatura, geometria eta simulazio-inguruneak koroa-efektuan duten eragina aztertu dira.
Valladolid y Madrid: carbón, ferrocarril y ciudad (1860-1890)
Authors: Amigo Román Pedro , Ortúñez Goicolea Pedro Pablo
Published: June 2019

Valladolid y Madrid registraron una evolución urbana que se puede analizar desde el suministro de carbón por ferrocarril recibido en sus respectivas estaciones.Entre 1842 y 1860 el gran crecimiento demográfico de Valladolid se relaciona con el transporte preferroviario de carbón. El Canal de Castilla convierte a Valladolid en “enclave industrial”.Madrid continúa siendo una ciudad de servicios incluso cuando entre 1860 y 1890 puede aprovisionarse de carbón por los ferrocarriles Norte y MZA. Las mejoras tarifarias de Norte no alentaron su desarrollo industrial.Posteriormente los patrones urbanísticos de Valladolid y Madrid persistieron. Valladolid se reforzó como “enclave industrial”, Madrid continuó su crecimiento basándose en los servicios, si bien será el propio ferrocarril quien juegue un papel esencial en su transformación industrial y en la especialización de su fuerza de trabajo.
‘Pour quelles raisons avez-vous quitté l’Espagne?’ De represaliadas a refugiadas políticas en la Francia de los años 40 y 50
Authors: Martínez Martínez Alba
Published: June 2019

Este estudio se acerca a algunas de las experiencias de las mujeres españolas que a partir de 1945 decidieron abandonar su país para crear una nueva vida en Francia, lejos del contexto de hambre y represión. Especialmente, nos aproximaremos a las nuevas fronteras políticas y de género que las mujeres tuvieron que cruzar una vez en Francia para conseguir el certificado de refugiadas políticas e intentaremos demostrar que, en la mayoría de los casos, sus acciones políticas y sufrimientos cotidianos bajo el franquismo carecieron de valor a ojos de la administración francesa y los organismos españoles del exilio. Para ello, exploraremos su perfil político y social, las razones de su exilio y la relación que entablaron con los organismos susceptibles de proporcionarles la categoría social e institucional de refugiadas políticas.
El amor libre y las relaciones sentimentales en el anarquismo español (1930-1939)
Authors: Lora Medina Alejandro
Published: June 2019

RESUMEN.— Este artículo pretende analizar la percepción y la representación del amor libre en el anarquismo español de los años treinta, contraponiendo el discurso teórico defendido por sus propagandistas con las experiencias que tales prácticas generaron en una sociedad muy apegada a la moral tradicional. Su defensa se inserta dentro del cambio ético propugnado por la ideología anarquista para una transformación integral de la persona, en un periodo en que la nueva legislación republicana iba a generar la situación adecuada para implementar dichas ideas. El amor libre anarquista tomaría la forma de uniones libres monógamas, pluralismo amoroso o, incluso, el matrimonio civil como opciones posibles de unos militantes, a los que únicamente se les pedía que se comportaran activamente conforme a su ideario.
Análise comparativa do comportamento hidrológico entre duas sub-bacias do Rio das Mortes – MT
Authors: Ghellere Silvia Cristina Stupp
Published: June 2019

O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer o comportamento hidrológico em duas sub-bacias do Rio das Mortes, uma representando a porção do Alto Rio das Mortes e outra representando o Baixo Rio das Mortes e compará-las. Para tanto buscou-se informações hidrológicas no Sistema de Informações Hidrológicas da Agência Nacional de Águas, trabalhou-se as informações em Software QGIS 2.12 e realizou-se análise estatística no Microsoft Excel. Como o período de disponibilidade de dados hidrológicos é diferente optou-se por analisar os dados do Alto Rio das Mortes dos últimos 30 anos e comparar com a sub-bacia representativa do Baixo Rio das Mortes os dados dos últimos 15 anos. A sub-bacia do Baixo Rio das Mortes apresentou maior volume precipitado por unidade de área enquanto que a sub-bacia do Alto Rio das Mortes apresentou maior volume escoado anual por unidade de área. Identificou-se tendência negativa no volume anual precipitado ao longo de 30 anos no Alto Rio das Mortes enquanto que o Baixo Rio das Mortes apresentou leve tendência positiva dos volumes mensais máximos precipitados. As duas sub-bacias apresentam como maior usuário da água a irrigação, sendo esta maior em proporção no Alto Rio das Mortes. Os coeficientes de escoamento anual no Alto Rio das Mortes variaram de 0,31 a 0,47 enquanto que na sub-bacia do Baixo Rio das Mortes variaram entre 0,20 e 0,50. Sendo os valores do coeficientes de escoamento influenciados por fatores ambientais e sociais.
Simulações da migração de plumas dissolvidas de compostos BTEX geradas por LNAPL trapeado
Authors: Teramoto Elias Hideo , Baessa Marcus Paulus Martins , Chang Hung Kiang
Published: June 2019

O vazamento acidental de hidrocarbonetos é um cenário comum de contaminação subsuperficial. Uma vez liberado, o hidrocarboneto migra até atingir as vizinhanças da zona saturada, onde se acumula. Em razão da flutuação do nível d’água, o LNAPL (light non-aqueous phase) é redistribuído e trapeado na zona saturada. O LNAPL trapeado é responsável pela liberação de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX) para a água, gerando plumas de fase dissolvida desses compostos. Essas plumas variam em dimensão e concentração ao longo do tempo, em resposta à depleção dos compostos BTEX na área-fonte. Para representar esta condição é proposta uma metodologia que combina o uso dos aplicativos MODFLOW, para simulações de fluxo, EXHAURIS, para simulação da transferência de massa e MT3DMS, para simulação do transporte de solutos. As simulações realizadas reproduziram o comportamento das plumas dissolvidas de benzeno e etilbenzeno geradas a partir da dissolução do querosene de aviação. Os resultados indicam que a pluma de benzeno se extingue dentro de um período de 10 anos, enquanto o etilbenzeno persiste por mais de 20 anos. Tal diferença está associada à menor fração molar e à maior solubilidade do benzeno em relação ao etilbenzeno. Os testes indicam que a metodologia proposta é uma alternativa promissora para previsões do comportamento de plumas dissolvidas ao longo do tempo, contemplando a condição de depleção da área-fonte.
Breast Feeding and Melatonin: Implications for Improving Perinatal Health
Authors: Anderson George , Vaillancourt Cathy , Maes Michael , Reiter Russel J.
Published: June 2019

The biological underpinnings that drive the plethora of breastfeeding benefits over formula-feeding is an area of intense research, given the cognitive and emotional benefits as well as the offsetting of many childhood- and adult-onset medical conditions that breast-feeding provides. In this article, we review the research on the role of melatonin in driving some of these breastfeeding benefits. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive as well as optimizing mitochondrial function. Melatonin is produced by the placenta and, upon parturition, maternal melatonin is passed to the infant upon breastfeeding with higher levels in night-time breast milk. As such, some of the benefits of breastfeeding may be mediated by the higher levels of maternal circulating night-time melatonin, allowing for circadian and antioxidant effects, as well as promoting the immune and mitochondrial regulatory aspects of melatonin; these actions may positively modulate infant development. Herein, it is proposed that some of the benefits of breastfeeding may be mediated by melatonin's regulation of the infant's gut microbiota and immune responses. As such, melatonin is likely to contribute to the early developmental processes that affect the susceptibility to a range of adult onset conditions. Early research on animal models has shown promising results for the regulatory role of melatonin.
Nutritional Impact of Storage Containers on Macronutrient Integrity of Breastmilk
Authors: Johnson Marney C. , Winte Lauryn A. , Guerra Diana G. Anzueto , Jacob Rachel , McCurnin Donald C. , McCurnin Donald C. , Blanco Cynthia L. , Blanco Cynthia L.
Published: June 2019

This study compared the effect of container material type on macronutrient changes in human breast milk (HBM) during frozen storage.

HBM was collected from breastfeeding mothers and baseline macronutrients were analyzed and recorded. The HBM was aliquoted into milk storage containers of five commonly used materials (low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), glass, stainless steel, and silicone). The samples were frozen in a standard freezer (-20°F) for 30, 60, and 180 days prior to thawing and retesting macronutrient values.

In the 155 samples analyzed, macronutrient changes among different types of storage materials were insignificant at 30 and 60 days of frozen storage. When comparing macronutrients at baseline to 180 days, there was a significant decrease in protein value over time in LDPE containers as compared to silicone containers (p=0.001). Likewise, there was a significant decrease in total calories from baseline to 180 days in both PP and LDPE containers compared to silicone (p=0.046 and 0.013, respectively).

While not significant for short-term storage, HBM has losses of macronutrients (protein) with long-term storage in LDPE and PP plastics. These differences could have major nutritional impact on growth, particularly to infants born prematurely.
The Relation between Sports Participation and Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Parental Support and Self-Esteem
Authors: Qurban Haroona , Qurban Haroona , Siddique Hassan , Wang Jin , Morris Tony
Published: June 2019

Sports participation reported in a positive relationship with health and academic achievement. Sports participation may improve cognitive health leading to improved academic achievement. Some other factors may also be involved in this regard including parental support and self-esteem. In this study, we examined the relationship between sports participation, parental support, self-esteem and academic achievement due to concern about reduced education level of students and serious lack of research regarding this issue in Pakistan. We hypothesized that sports participation would influence students’ academic achievement. We further conceptualized a mediation model in which sports participation enhanced academic achievement through enhancing parental support and self-esteem. 248 students from three universities of Pakistan (male = 188; mean age = 17.5, SD = 1.15; female = 60; mean age =17.3, SD = 1.18) participated in the study, in which questionnaires were used to measure parental support, sports participation, and self-esteem. Two scales were used to measure parental support (school based parental support and sports participation based parental support). Sports participation level was measured using an adapted version of The Physical Activity Index (PAI) Scale consisting of 3 items. Rosenberg self-esteem scale assessed self-esteem. Data analysis was performed using the structural equation modelling.We found no direct relationship between sports participation and academic achievement. We found parental support and self-esteem as mediators in the relationship between sports participation and academic achievement. The mediational models suggested focus on vital role of parental support and self-esteem to have better academic performance.
Electroneuromyography for early diagnosis of diabetic distal polyneuropathy
Authors: Mazurenko Elena S. , Ruyatkina Lyudmila A. , Pakhomov Igor A. , Chesheva Elena V. , Gavrilova Larisa O.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Diabetic distal polyneuropathy (DDPN) is a predictor of diabetic foot syndrome development, ulcer formation and lower limb amputation. An early DDPN diagnosis is therefore relevant.
AIM: To investigate the effectiveness and suitability of electroneuromyography (ENMG) for early DDPN diagnosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed in the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics n.a. Ya. L. Tsivyan. A total of 80 participants were examined, including 30 DM2 patients, 30 patents without carbohydrate metabolism disorders, and 20 healthy volunteers aged 2030 years. None of the participants showed clinical signs of distal polyneuropathy (DPN). All participants underwent evaluation of neuropathy symptoms by the Neuropathy Symptom Score scale, neurological assessment using on the scale of Neuropathic Dysfunctional Score and stimulating ENMG.
RESULTS: ENMG revealed the presence of neuropathy in 86.7% of DM2 patients. Moreover, among DM2 patients, 12 (40%) presented sensory DDPN, 13 (43.3%) presented sensorimotor neuropathy and 1 (3.3%) presented motor DDPN. The medial and lateral plantar nerves were the most commonly affected (p = 0.018 and p = 0.002, respectively). Among the 30 control individuals, 9 (30%) showed signs of DPN in combination with radiculopathy. ENMG - indicators of DDPN: latency and amplitude and speed for 3 sensory (n. Plantaris lateralis, n. Plantaris medialis, n. Suralis) and 2 motor nerves (n. Peroneus, n. Tibialis) were significantly worse in individuals with DM2 than in the control group, both for those with and without radiculopathy. Among participants with DM2, those sensorimotor DDPN tended to have a longer diabetes duration (p = 0.503), higher levels of HbA1c (p = 0.077) and higher BMI (p = 0.050) than those with sensory neuropathy, although the differences were not significant.
CONCLUSION: This study confirms the effectiveness and suitability of ENMG for the early diagnosis of DDPN. Moreover, the optimal ENMG indices necessary for this diagnosis were identified.
Neurocognitive aspects of hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Poyarkova Valeriya O. , Runova Guzel E. , Fadeev Valentin V.
Published: June 2019

The clinical features of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are characterized not only by typical end organ damage, including osteopenia/osteoporosis, nephrocalcinosis/renal calculi, pancreatitis, but also by neurocognitive changes, including weakness, easy fatigability, depression, inability to concentrate, memory impairment or subtle deficits, dementia, anxiety, irritability and sleep disturbances. The indications for the surgical treatment of PHPT are markedly elevated serum calcium, end organ damage, younger patients (less than 50 years). Cardiovascular and neurocognitive complications of PHPT are not currently an indication for surgical treatment. The results of the surgical treatment of PHTP are contradictory for neurocognitive symptoms. Some studies have demonstrated an improvement in neurocognitive symptoms after parathyroidectomy (PTE), including patients with mild PHPT. However, randomized trials have not demonstrated the benefits of PTE in patients with mild PHPT for neurocognitive symptoms. There are certain difficulties at evaluation of neurocognitive manifestations of PHPT, and therefore, it is actual to use a specific quality of life questionnaire, assessing cognitive function and memory deficit of the patient. Considering the prevalence of patients with asymptomatic course of PHPT and the absence of typical clinical manifestations of the disease, but with the presence of neurocognitive symptoms, the question of the appropriateness of surgical intervention in such cases remains relevant.
Obesity in Russia: modern view in the light of a social problems
Authors: Leskova Irina V. , Ershova Ekaterina V. , Nikitina Elena A. , Krasnikovsky Vladimir Ya. , Ershova Yulia A. , Adamskaya Lyubov V.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the article is to highlight the social aspects of stress as a syndrome of adaptation to the current situation in Russian society in order to justify the consideration of society as a factor contributing to the development and spread of overweight and obesity among the Russian population.
The problem of the conditions and quality of everyday life of a significant part of the population of our country is raised, which are accompanied by an increased stress level of everyday life events. A modern Russian society, possessing an immanently inherent systemic quality - a stressful property, combined with the specificity of a hypodynamic lifestyle, is a powerful and systemically active factor that provokes the development and spread of obesity and overweight. The stress factors of modern society, generated by the disorder and non-complementarity of the work of social institutions, instability in the economic and political spheres are analyzed. Food family traditions, food paradigm, leisure activity of Russians are studied. The irrationality of the use of food by mankind is discussed. The proposed measures to combat and prevent obesity.
Considerações filosóficas sobre a validade do escopo do Reducionismo Adaptacionista do Darwinismo Literário em sua versão mais forte
Authors: Almada Leonardo Ferreira , Mograbi Gabriel J. C.
Published: June 2019

Propomos, neste artigo, proceder a algumas considerações filosóficas sobre a legitimidade da proposta e dos objetivos do reducionismo adaptacionista do "darwinismo literário" em sua versão mais forte. Centramo-nos nos textos de Joseph Carroll, porquanto representam a máxima radicalidade no projeto do estudos darwinistas literários e do reducionismo adaptacionista. Carroll é, segundo acreditamos, quem leva mais longe a pretensão de redução darwinista. Ao confrontarmos Carroll, aproximamo-nos de uma perspectiva de literatura que definitivamente justifica a aproximação que nós buscamos com o darwinismo literário: nossa defesa de uma perspectiva corporificada para mente e cognição, e a compreensão da crítica darwinista literária de que a literatura é um caso especial (e ilustrativo) de atividade cognitiva destinada a orientar o organismo no ambiente físico, mesmo que isso se dê pela via indireta da simulação mental. Mais do que isso, a literatura se distingue de outras formas de conhecimento do mundo, do homem e de seu ambiente exatamente no sentido que nos interessa: distingue-se quanto ao seu assunto e distingue-se quanto ao seu método. A intenção do texto é demonstrar alguns dos caminhos que autores pautados por esse grau de radicalidade no que concerne o projeto de naturalização da literatura devam tomar para que suas teorias possam ser mais justas e condizentes com o objeto literário em si mesmo e, assim, mais eficientes.
Distributed Database Using Mobile Agent
Authors: Sugiantoro Bambang , Wardoyo Retantyo , Hartati Sri , Istiyanto Jazi Eko
Published: June 2019

The number of sources of information brings several problems, among them about how to combine the distributed data storage and different. Information on an organization or company is usually stored in separate locations and different formats. When there is an increase in storage capacity and the amount of information search costs, the company faced with an abundance amount of data. System development methodology used is object oriented design with a development framework
Teacher Opinions on The Applicability of The Process Based Writing Approach
Authors: DENİZ Hacer , DEMİR Sezgin
Published: June 2019

Process based writing
approach that aims to grade it in order to facilitate the writing process is an
approach based on the structuring and digestion of knowledge on the mind. İt
aims to teach students how to use and improve writing skills.  The purpose of this research is determining
the opinions of the Turkish teachers about the applicability of the process
based writing approach. The research was carried out in phenomenological form
from qualitative patterns and analyzed data by content analysis method. The
study group was determined on the basis of volunteerism through the gradual
sampling method consists of 14 Turkish teachers working in Elazığ province.
Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the semi-structured interview form
developed by the researchers and the findings were tabulated by determining
frequency distributions. As a result of evaluating the opinions of the Turkish
teachers, it was found that there are serious difficulties and deficiencies
about the applicability of the process based writing approach. These
difficulties stem from problems such as excessive time in practice, lack of
information on the subject during the preparatory phase, and the inability to
learn artificial language skills.
How and with What Frequency do Social Studies Teachers Ask Questions?
Authors: KILINÇ Güneş , ÇALIŞKAN Hüseyin
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to examine the level and number of
questions that social studies teachers ask during the lessons they teach. Case
study which is one of the qualitative research methods was used on the study
group consisting of a total of five social studies teachers at the city of
Sakarya during the 2013-2014 school year four of whom are working at a state
secondary school and one of whom is working at a private secondary school three
of whom are male and one of whom is female.“Observation Form”, “Interview Form”
and “video records” were used as data acquisition tools. The data obtained in
the study were analyzed via descriptive analysis method. According to the
results of the study, it was concluded that social studies teachers ask very
low level simple recall and memory question in addition to convergent questions
meaning questions that have only one acceptable answer. Teachers have also
directed evaluation questions to students, however it was determined that
divergent questions and questions related with operations were never asked.
Teachers generally asked the highest number of questions during
teaching-learning processes, a small number of questions have been asked during
the introduction stage of the courses whereas questioning behavior was not
observed during the conclusion stages.
“I KNOW THAT I AM NO GOOD”: AN ANALYSIS INTO THE TRANSLATION ERRORS OF PRE-SERVICE EFL TEACHERS
Authors: ARSLAN Sezen , KAVAKLI Nurdan
Published: June 2019

Translation from source
language (L1) to target language (L2) and/or vice versa plays an important role
for language learners since they tend to use translation in order to understand
and interpret the language utterances. Perspectives towards the use of translation
in foreign language teaching and learning process have changed over the
time.  As the learners are not native
speakers of L2, they are likely to utter some structurally or semantically
deviant forms of language. For this reason, conducting an error analysis
procedure might be of crucial importance in understanding which domains of
language are erroneous for language learners in order to fix the problems and
improve language proficiency.

In Turkey, English Language Teaching bachelor
degree programs include the translation course where student-teachers are
supposed to handle translations from L1 to L2 and L2 to L1.  In this study, the translation assignments of
30 pre-service EFL teachers were investigated through document analysis and
findings point out that the errors fall into structural, lexical and
translational/interpretational categories. Finally, the pedagogical
implications were drawn in relation to the field.
Rencana Zoning Kawasan Wisata Air di Hutan Kota pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Batubara PT Bukit Asam, (Tbk) Tanjung Enim, Kabupaten Muara Enim
Authors: Andriani Kiki , Nurini Nurini
Published: June 2019

Mine activity can give adverse environmental impacts significantly. Land conversion as mine land demanding reclamation activities on demanding reclamation activities. Reclamation is an activity that is required for mining entrepreneurs. PT Bukit Asam us one of the largest mining company in South Sumatera, district Muara Enim committed to undertake reclamation activities which will be implemented in urban forest development H.Kalamudin Djinab, SH, MH on post land mining. The land area that will be built into the urban forest of 50 hectares consisting some zoning.The design method is carried out from field survey activities, and observation to obtain the required data as well as in compiling secondary and primary data. The analyzes in preparing zoning plan of urban forest consist of space requirement analysis, activity analysis, user characteristic analysis, space organization analysis, site analysis and zoning area. So that zoning of urban forest area will be developed into several different functions in each area
Instabilidade de Turing em um modelo matemático aplicado à epidemiologia
Authors: Alves da Silva Marlon de Oliveira , Dos Santos Silva Fabio Alliguieri
Published: June 2019

Neste trabalho estudamos analiticamente e numericamente um sistema matemático epidemiológico desenvolvido por Berezovsky, o qual considera uma população constituída por dois grupos: suscetíveis e infectados por uma doença arbitrária. Nesse modelo também se considera a taxa de mortalidade natural, taxa de mortalidade induzida por doença e a taxa de emigração per capita de não infectados. Para compreender o comportamento dinâmico do modelo, determinamos os pontos de equilíbrio que mostram a possibilidade de dois cenários: I) uma população livre de doenças; II) o surgimento de infectados na população. Diante desse contexto, buscamos estudar a disseminação espacial de doenças, considerando uma rede bidimensional com interação de longo alcance, que não considera apenas a interação de primeiros vizinhos, em outras palavras, essa forma de acoplamento permite que cada sítio (correspondente aos grupos formados por indivíduos que constituem a população) interaja com outros elementos da rede. As interações que ocorrem na rede são simuladas numericamente através da linguagem de programação Fortran com o integrador Lsoda com condições de contorno periódicas, utilizando condições iniciais randômicas. Para analisar a disseminação espacial de doenças no modelo de Berezovsky, determinamos as condições que satisfazem a instabilidade de Turing, na qual ocorre uma transição de estabilidade na rede, que pode ocasionar o surgimento de padrões espaciais.
Longshore Sediment Transport on the Brazilian Continental Shelf
Authors: Beloti Trombetta Thaísa , Correa Marques Wiliam , Cardoso Guimarães Ricardo , De Paula Kirinus Eduardo , Vieira da Silva Douglas , Oleinik Phelype Haron , Fagundes Leal Thalita , Isoldi Liércio André
Published: June 2019

Beaches are suffering morphological changes due the interaction between energetics components and local sedimentary supply imbalance. The understanding of the wave climate is an essential source of information for the composition of coastal planning projects. The main goal of this work is to estimate the longshore sediment transport (LST) in various sectors of the Brazilian Coast, and to identify the annual average and its dominant direction. For this study was considered the period between 1979 and 2015, applying computational modeling to investigate the waves behavior, and empirical formulas to calculate LST rates. The results showed a great discrepancy in the wave climate along the Brazilian Coast, and presented similarities rates between the estimation of LST and previous studies for different sectors analyzed. The sector where transport rates have been higher understanding the Northeast region, specifically between Alagoas and Rio Grande do Norte states. The opposite of it was observed in the Southern part of Bahia. The dominant direction of sediments, mainly caused by the waves, was directed to South between Rio de Janeiro and Bahia states, and in some parts of Sergipe. Transportation to the north comprises the South and Southeast regions, as well as a considerable area of the Northeast and the entire Northern Region. In this sense, information related to wave behavior and sediment transport along the Brazilian Coast is presented, unlike studies available in the literature that are carried out locally and approach only specific regions. Thus, the results presented can be considered in future projects, involving the sustainable management of coastal zones.
Simulação numérica para análise de deflexões e tensões em placas finas de aço e de materiais compósitos submetidas a esforços de flexão
Authors: Azambuja Carvalho João Vitor , Helbig Daniel
Published: June 2019

As evoluções no desenvolvimento de materiais compósitos possibilitam cada vez mais o seu uso. Algumas das ferramentas que contribuíram para essa evolução foram o Método dos Elementos Finitos e as ferramentas de simulação numérica, pois possibilitaram a avaliação do comportamento e da resistência desses materiais ainda na fase de projeto. Esses métodos permitem ao pesquisador conhecer de maneira muito próxima o comportamento dos elementos e das estruturas, porém, como são métodos aproximados, não se pode esperar que os resultados fossem exatamente iguais aos reais. Este trabalho procura analisar o comportamento mecânico de placas finas de materiais compósitos laminados reforçados por fibras submetidas a esforços de flexão, comparando-as com o de uma placa de aço. Para a modelagem computacional do problema utilizouse o software Abaqus 2017 Student Version® cuja base está fundamentada no Método dos Elementos Finitos. Na sequência, busca-se comparar os resultados obtidos neste trabalho com os encontrados na literatura. A análise dos dados, através de duas diferentes ferramentas computacionais disponíveis no mercado, tem como objetivo verificar a coerência e a equivalência entre os resultados. Pôde-se verificar que os dados obtidos neste trabalho e na literatura no software Ansys® apresentaram equivalência entre si e deles para com a solução analítica desenvolvida para o problema.
Modelo SIRC fracionário com múltiplas ordens para influenza
Authors: Gomes Ana Carla Ferreira Nicola , De Cezaro Adriano
Published: June 2019

Neste trabalho apresentaremos algumas variações do modelo compartimental SIRC proposto em [1] como uma alternativa interessante para a modelagem da evolução dinâmica da influenza. A primeira das principais contribuições está na escolha de uma dinâmica fracionária distinta para cada um dos compartimentos (S, I, R e C), respectivamente. Para tal modelo chamaremos de modelo SIRC fracionário. Tal dinâmica fracionária é bem conhecida por reproduzir efeitos de memória. Desta forma, estamos considerando efeito de memória (com distintos efeitos, haja vista que cada um dos componentes serão considerados com uma dinâmica fracionária distinta) no modelo SIRC. Provamos que o modelo SIRC fracionário é bem posto no sentido de Hadamard, i.e., possui uma única solução que depende continuamente do dados iniciais e dos parâmetros. A segunda das contribuições deste trabalho está em mostrar numericamente que, a partir de uma escolha adequada dos parâmetros no modelo SIRC fracionário proposto, a dinâmica reproduz de maneira mais condizente os dados reais de Influenza, coletados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul no ano de 2010 retirados do DATASUS. Conseguimos garantir que existe uma aproximação aos dados reais quando utilizamos derivadas de ordem fracionária segundo Caputo e mais, mostramos que a escolha de estudar o PVI fracionário com ordens fracionárias diferentes é a modelagem mais realista, pois quando consideramos ordens diferentes, a aproximação da curva  com os dados reais fica melhor.
Proposta de malha Stretched para ser utilizada com o método de imposição de dados discretos como condição de contorno de velocidade prescrita na geração numérica de ondas
Authors: Vaz Kisner Elissandro , Machado Bianca , Santos Elizaldo , Rocha Luiz , Gomes Mateus , Isoldi Liércio
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar duas possíveis soluções para um problema de convergência encontrado ao utilizar a malha Stretched, que basicamente é uma malha com refino localizado em regiões de interesse, juntamente com o método de imposição de dados discretos de velocidade como condição de contorno para a geração numérica de ondas. Realizou-se a análise computacional em um canal de ondas, em escala real, utilizando uma malha dividida em três zonas (estruturada com quadriláteros, não estruturada com triângulos e Stretched com quadriláteros) e uma malha dividida em duas zonas (não estruturada com triângulos e Stretched com quadriláteros). Para verificar estes modelos computacionais foram realizadas comparações da elevação da superfície livre, utilizando como base a onda gerada por metodologia já consolidada que impõe a condição de contorno de velocidade prescrita através de funções transientes das componentes de velocidade da onda. A modelagem computacional foi desenvolvida no software FLUENT, que é baseado no Método dos Volumes Finitos (MVF). O modelo multifásico Volume of Fluid (VOF) foi adotado para tratar adequadamente a interação entre ar e água. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que ambas as soluções propostas foram satisfatórias, permitindo a utilização de malha Stretched associada à imposição de dados discretos de velocidade prescrita para a geração numérica de ondas.
Identification of BRCA1/2 p.Ser1613Gly, p.Pro871Leu, p.Lys1183Arg, p.Glu1038Gly, p.Ser1140Gly, p.Ala2466Val, p.His2440Arg variants in women under 45 years old with breast nodules suspected of having breast cancer in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sagna Tani , Bonora Elena , Ouedraogo Marie Nabonswindé Lamoussa , Fusco Daniela , Zoure Abdou Azaque , Bisseye Cyrille , Djigma Florencia , Kafando Jacques Gilbert , Zongo Nayi , Douamba Zoenabo , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Turchetti Daniela , Pietra Virginio , Lompo Olga Melanie , Ouedraogo Charlemagne , Seri Marco , Simpore Jacques
Published: June 2019

Breast cancer is the top cause of cancer mortality among women in the world and the second in Africa. The aims of this study were to: i) identify women with breast nodules suspected of having breast cancer ii) sequence the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and iii) screen mutations. From 2015 to 2016, 112 women aged from 35 to 44 years, who had come for consultation in the gynecology/obstetrics and the oncology department of the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, voluntarily agreed to participate to this study. Whole blood was collected from those with mammary nodules. The genomic DNA was extracted using Qiagen kit. FAST KAPA was used for genomic DNA amplification and the purified PCR products were analyzed by direct sequencing using Big Dye v1.1 and ABI 3730 automated sequencer. Nucleotides substitutions were determined. We identified BRCA1 SNPs rs1799966, rs799917, rs16942, rs16941, rs2227945, and BRCA2 SNPs rs169547, rs4986860. These identified variants are found mostly in cases of benign tumors of breast or ovarian cancer with familial history of breast cancer. This study in Burkina-Faso, is the basis for improved and more specific genetic testing, and suggests that additional genes contributing to an increased risk of breast cancer should be analyzed.
Photodynamic Therapy Enhanced the Antitumor Effects of Berberine on HeLa Cells
Authors: Liu Han-Qing , An Ya-Wen , Hu A-Zhen , Li Ming-Hua , Cui Guang-Hui
Published: June 2019

In this study we investigated the antineoplastic effects of Berberine (BBR)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on HeLa cells and its related mechanisms. The CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the proliferation and apoptosis of cells respectively. In addition, changes in protein expression levels were assessed using western blot. BBR at dose of 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally to mice with tumors and PDT treatments were performed 24 hours later.In vivoimaging systems were used to evaluate the fluorescence of BBR.In vitro, PDT significantly enhanced the effects of BBR on inducing cell apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation. Thein vivoresults showed that the fluorescence intensity in the PDT group was decreased compared with that in the BBR group. Tumor weights and tumor size in the PDT group were less than those in the control group; however, when BBR was applied without PDT, no significant differences were observed between the BBR and control group. The results of western blot showed that PDT enhanced the inhibitory effects of BBR on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, that may partly explain the potential underlying mechanisms.
Ernst Cohen and the Challenge of a Truly International Union
Authors: Smit Jorrit P.
Published: June 2019

In 1925, the Dutchman Ernst Julius Cohen (1869-1944) was unanimously elected president of the IUPAC (in absence) at the annual meeting in Bucharest. Although quite well known as able linguist, physical chemist and student of J.H. van ‘t Hoff, no one could have suspected this turn of events three years earlier. On 21 June 1922, Cohen had organized an informal, purely scientific meeting in Utrecht— the International Chemical Reunion Utrecht (ICRU)—to restore friendly relations between scientists from all previously warring nations. However, Belgian and French chemists, headed by Jean Timmermans and Charles Moureu, boycotted this meeting as they had not yet forgotten the atrocities of the ‘chemists’ war.’ At the subsequent IUPAC meeting in Lyon (27 June - 1 July), Cohen, together with Hugo Kruyt, had to fend off harsh criticisms by their international colleagues [1].
Rebuilding IUPAC after WWII
Authors: Fauque Danielle , Tiggelen Brigitte Van
Published: June 2019

The League of Nations’ failure to ensure global peace by solving conflicts through diplomatic and peaceful means prompted Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill to discuss the creation of a more efficient international organization as soon as the Second World War erupted. These preliminary efforts led to the signing of the Charter of the United Nations (UN) in San Francisco in 1945. In January 1946, the first general UN assembly took place, along with the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council. The latter created several international bodies, among them UNESCO. At first, UNESCO seemed to be the continuation of the International Institute for the Intellectual Cooperation (IIIC) coupled with the International Commission for the Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC), but was actually based on new rules [1].
IUPAC Expansion from 1957 to 1975
Authors: Fauque Danielle , Tiggelen Brigitte Van
Published: June 2019

To chemists and chemical educators, there were two important events in the ‘60s and ‘70s. First, in 1961, the agreement between physicists and chemists on the choice of carbon 12 as unique element of reference in the atomic weights table and then in 1971, the definition of mole as the seventh unit of the international system [1]. In both of these issues the Union played its role as expert to the fullest, and established solid grounds for a common language of chemistry across the world. This role is also extended to other matters at a time marked by social changes. Technological progress improved quality of life like never before and the space conquest that opened new horizons, both scientific and technological, to explore. All the while, despite the Cold War, international and interdisciplinary projects are established, and new international organizations, such as UNESCO, appear to cope with the new challenges. Alongside these organizations, the longstanding ICSU and the Union adapt themselves.