bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expected effects of the revised exposure to banks Basel credit risk weighted assets standard
Authors: Milojević Nenad , Redžepagić Srđan
Published: October 2021

In 2017 Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) published additional Basel III reforms for the calculation of the risk-weighted assets (RWA) as part of the capital adequacy calculation. The 2017 reforms should resolve shortcomings in the capital adequacy calculation from the pre-crisis period. Revised standardised approach for the credit risk should be valid as of January 2023. The new reforms are bringing numerous improvements particularly interesting for the bank strategic management. One of the especially important improvements of the 2017 Basel III RWA reforms is the new treatment of the exposures to banks. For the treatment of externally unrated exposure to banks, financial institutions can use Standardised Credit Risk Assessment Approach (SCRA). This topic is the most interesting and important for the banking sectors structured mostly with the externally unrated banks. This is more characteristic of the developing, transition economies than the developed economies. However, SCRA will also be very important for the developed economies' banking sectors and banks whose portfolios are dominated by externally rated bank exposures, but in the same time they have significant amount of the exposure to banks without external rating. This paper's focus is related to the expected effects of the implementation of SCRA on the unrated banks' exposure. The aim of the paper is to define those effects. The paper is analysing how worldwide implementation of SCRA will establish a more detailed RWA approach with enhanced risk sensitivity. The research has shown that externally unrated banks with strong and stable capital adequacy and other related parameters can have positive expectations from the implementation of SCRA.
Job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour of employees in companies in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Đorđević Biljana , Ivanović-Đukić Maja , Lepojević Vinko , Milanović Sandra
Published: October 2021

Organizational citizenship behaviour is a form of employees' behaviour where employees go beyond their formal duties required by job description. Despite the fact that this form of behaviour is not recognized or accepted by the reward system, employees are ready to put in an extra effort in order to achieve organizational goals. However, the readiness of employees to manifest this form of behaviour is not completely unconditional. Numerous empirical studies suggest that such behaviour can be encouraged by employees' job satisfaction, fulfilment of their psychological contract, perception of a high level of organizational justice in the company, support provided to them, etc. Having in mind the importance of this form of employees' behaviour, precisely from the point of view of employers, as well as the factors that influence it, this paper examines the impact of employees' job satisfaction on the level of their organizational citizenship behaviour on the example of the companies in Serbia. The paper starts with three hypotheses. The first and second hypotheses are that employees in companies in Serbia are satisfied with their jobs and that they demonstrate organizational citizenship behaviour. These assumptions were tested using the t-test. The third hypothesis is that employees' satisfaction with their job has a positive effect on their organizational citizenship behaviour. In order to test this hypothesis, methods of correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. The analysis is based on data obtained by primary research realized during 2019. In the research, 244 employees participated. The research showed that there is a positive relationship between respondents' job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour, as well as the positive impact of job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behaviour of employees. This paper's contribution is twofold. First, it provides empirical data regarding the job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour of employees in companies in Serbia. Second, it adds to the existing literature from this field by proposing strategies for increasing the employees' job satisfaction, which will lead to increasing the employees' willingness to manifest organizational citizenship behaviour.
Does capital structure affect the differences in the financial performance of small enterprises?
Authors: Stoiljković Aleksandra , Tomić Slavica , Uzelac Ozren
Published: October 2021

Capital structure refers to the combination of debt and equity that the company uses to finance overall operations and growth. One of the most common problems of small enterprises is difficult access to various sources of financing, which is certainly reflected in their capital structure. Deciding on capital structure is one of the most important activities in the company, given that it significantly determines the performance of the company, but also the competitiveness and sustainability of the business. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a significant difference in financial performance between enterprises belonging to different leverage levels. Financial leverage was calculated by dividing total debts to total assets and based on leverage the companies are divided into 3 groups. Using ANOVA analysis, we found that the only difference in financial performance indicators was observed with NPM (but with a small effect size: eta square = 0.0470), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in the ROE and ROA indicators.
Neki aspekti deiktike u sistemu pokaznih zamenica u južnoslovenskim jezicima
Authors: Voniš Arno
Published: October 2021

Ova analiza deiktike pokaznih zamenica u južnoslovenskim jezicima sastoji se od tri dela. U prvom delu biće dat opšti pregled zamenica (kao "zatvorene" vrste reči bez ikakvih unutar - i vanjezičkih /i/novacija), terminološkim napomenama i o samoj deiktici i nominaciji pokaznih zamenica u šest južnoslovenskih jezika (srpskom, bošnjačkom, bugarskom, makedonskom, slovenačkom i hrvatskom). Drugi deo je posvećen normativnim i standardološkim rešenjima i klasifikaciji zamenica u gramatikama dotičnih jezika uz teorijsku analizu a) morfološko-formalne strukture pojedinih oblika i b) deiktičkih mogućnosti izražavanja stepena blizine odnosno udaljenosti (na prostornoj i vremenskoj relaciji proksimal - medijal - distal prema modelu Filmora /Fillmore/ 1982). U centru pažnje biće i istraživanje odnosa i (ko)relacija oblika između analiziranih jezika. Treći deo se pomoću korpusne analize bavi upotrebomi frekvencijom standardoloških oblika pokaznih zamenica, pri čemu se koriste neki jednoi višejezički korpusi južnoslovenskih jezika. Cilj rada je ukazati na morfološku strukturu pokaznih zamenica i na neke aspekte identičnosti, sličnosti i razlika južnoslovenskogdeiktičkog sistema u šest analiziranih jezika.
The first Serbian children's book collections: Contribution to the history of children's literature
Authors: Knežević Mara
Published: October 2021

The first Serbian children's book collections were published in the second half of the 19th century by Stevan V. Popovic in Pest. As a highschool and law student, Popovic stayed in Tekelijanum, in the Institute for Accommodation of Serbian Students. In 1872, he was the first in Serbian children's literature to prepare a collection Wreath of Poems and founded The Litlle World library. He published the following book collections: Images and Opportunities (Pest, 1872), Christmas Gift (Novi Sad, 1872), Radovan's Gift (1876), Christmas (1876), Day and Night (1877), Marigold Flowers (1877), Rest Days (1878), Children's Rejoicing (1878), Serbian Reciter (1879), Basil (1880), Little Gusle (1881), Little World (1882), Radovan (1883), Polaznik (1886), Badnjak (1891), Pearl Flowers (1905), Great Serbian Reciter. Stevan V. Popovic was appointed as manager of Tekelijanum in 1882. He dedicated his whole life to spreading Serbian education and educating the youth. The first Serbian children's book collections have not been included in the educational system of the Republic of Serbia so far, which interrupted the studing of Serbian literature for children.
Kompjutersko testiranje na računarstvu kao metod za procenu kvaliteta znanja učenika
Authors: Mitrohina Svetlana , Šajhislamova Anna
Published: October 2021

Ovaj članak se bavi problemima korišćenja računarskih testova na računarstvu kao metoda za procenu kvaliteta znanja učenika. Fokus rada je na modernizaciji metode testiranja i sistema za procenu kvaliteta znanja učenika u okviru državnih završnih testova iz računarskih nauka u 2020 g.
Environmental activities for preschool children for the purposes of nature conservation
Authors: Minić Vesna
Published: October 2021

The environment which a child lives in affects the functioning of the body as a whole, as well as the rest of the living world. Since human activities threaten the living world through negligent actions and the use of technical and chemical agents that pollute water, air, land and the environment as a whole, it is necessary to develop environmental awareness and culture at the earliest age of every child. This is a precondition for their proper development and attitude towards nature, that is, towards the places they live in. Preschool children must be brought up to understand the need for and significance of clean water, land and air, as well as to behave environmentally friendly in all situations, which will speak of their developed environmental awareness and culture. The goal of environmental education in preschools does not only involve acquiring knowledge about the environment, but also the understanding of the natural processes that take place in it and their interdependence, as well as developing a positive attitude towards the environment, and environmental behavior. The role and significance of educators in a modern preschool institution are reflected in providing a diverse living space, creating a stimulating environment for learning, understanding and developing environmental awareness in children, and awakening children's interests to preserve the natural environment. Numerous and diverse environmental activities are used for this purpose, and they can be included in the majority of learning materials that are used when teaching preschool children. These are, for example: the activities that ask the children to recognize the ecosystems and the unity of the organic and inorganic world, that is, the general connection, interdependence and balance in nature; discovery activities that expand their knowledge about the environment, build the right attitude towards it and motivation to protect, restore and improve the environment; the activities that allow the children to recognize the roles that living and non-living world have in people's lives, as well as human impact on the environment; the activities that protect and improve the environment; the activities that allow people to save, rationally use and restore natural resources in the environment. In addition to these, there are different approaches and models within the environmental education of preschool children. These are: the informational and educational model, action-related model, and the social and environmental context. All of these are used in everyday practice and aim to acquire environmental knowledge, awareness and culture.
Individualizing classroom communication in primary school
Authors: Jovanović Marija
Published: October 2021

Individualization of instruction as a precondition for quality assurance in planning and achieving learning goals and objectives implies the adaptation of methodology and didactic procedures to individual student characteristics. The basis of successful individualized instruction is the individualization of classroom communication as a means but also a goal of education. This paper aims to determine the opinions of teachers and students on whether primary school education is characterized by individualized classroom communication. The paper presents the results of a study conducted on a sample of 550 students in the final grades of primary school and 160 teachers from the School Administration of Nis. Based on the analysis of the survey results, it can be concluded that the primary schools analyzed in our study are not characterized by an enviable level of individualized classroom communication and that a significant pedagogic and didactic intervention and development of all participants in the learning process is needed in this field.
Visions and pathways to quality education in Serbia
Authors: Karalić Elizabeta , Đukić Danijela , Ranđelović Branislav
Published: October 2021

In this paper we analyze evaluation frame of educational system of Republic of Serbia in preuniversity education, through three basic components: external evaluation and selfevaluation of educational institutions, national examinations, and national and international testing and assessments. Guidelines and directions for future period are proposed, based on experience from previous period and based on evaluation of our education system, implemented by OECD. A comprehensive proposal for the concept of the future framework for the evaluation of the education system of the Republic of Serbia in the field of preuniversity education is given.
Correlation between optimism-pessimism in adolescents
Authors: Pavićević Miljana
Published: October 2021

The paper strives to indicate the constructs that are conducive to the development of optimism-pessimism in adolescents, by presenting the research on optimism-pessimism conducted on a sample of adolescents from Kosovo and Metohija. After an insight into the findings of the research presented (which were conducted from 2017 to 2019) on the sample of more than 700 adolescents aged between 18 and 29, it was found that the correlation of optimism comprises the following: adolescents' personality traits, interpersonal orientation, experience of beauty of the human face, hope, satisfaction with life and well-being. Conclusions drawn from the research will enable the conception and organization of further research. Involving other variables, such as the context of upbringing, family relations, relationship with peers, in research to be conducted in the future is necessary for the examination of their contribution to the development of optimism-pessimism, bearing in mind the major significance optimism has for adolescents' mental health.
Forming ecological awareness in preschool children
Authors: Miladinović Sanja
Published: October 2021

It is necessary to establish ecological awareness in children at earliest possible age because this period of child development is considered turbulent in growth and development, a so called golden age. Family is considered to be a indispensable factor in educating an individual, it is important to explore in what measure its educational-social role contributes in raising ecological awareness. Parents used to be a dominant source of information for their children, today children often surpass their parents in level of knowledge in certain questions, including ecological questions. In forming ecological awareness family contributes more on informational level, and less in forming professional knowledge. Knowledge is acquired through systematic education. Education of children should form awareness of the need to preserve the ecological balance in the human environment and dangers to humans if it comes to its disturbance. In preschool institutions educational work is carried out according to the age of children. This work with children develops love for nature and provides basic knowledge of plants, animals, and children learn the correct attitude toward them. In preschool institutions through work schedule environmental programs are adopted as an integral part of the preschool schedule. This way, the principles of preschool upbringing and education are respected, the tasks that arise from the objectives, the contents that arise from the task and ecological activity, subsequently their realization is followed. In fact, for education to become a significant factor in developing an ecological awareness, it should include all levels of education, from preschool, through elementary and high school to University.
Los mundos semánticos y el objeto estético. Propuesta de lectura del espectáculo teatral
Authors: Stoíca Luana
Published: October 2021

El sentido de todo acontecimiento teatral se construye de manera dinámica, durante su recepción, mientras proyecta un mundo posible, imaginado y representado físicamente en escena, sobre las estructuras psíquicas del espectador. De esta manera estamos permanentemente ante dos «universos»: uno físico, resultado de la emergencia escénica del hecho teatral, y otro psíquico, resultado de la proyección psíquica de los datos perceptivos de acuerdo con las estructuras cognitivas del sujeto receptor. Entre estos dos «universos» hay una relación dinámica de conflicto e interacción continua, relación que se concreta en un pro ceso de semiosis. La calidad de lectura de los signos escénicos depende de la compe tencia semiótica del individuo que, partiendo de la percepción del objeto tal y como se da a los sentidos, procede a una reorganización del material perceptivo según esquemas cognitivos específicos, muy potenciados afectivamente. A continuación nos proponemos sugerir una lectura del espectáculo teatral en una clave cognitiva, semio-fenomenológica.
Las figuras reflexivas de la intermedialidad en la película. El cine en el espejo de las artes / las artes en el espejo del cine
Authors: Pethö Ágnes
Published: October 2021

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El gesto litúrgico: un análisis semiológico
Authors: Dumas Felicia
Published: October 2021

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El simbolismo de la teoría de la relatividad y la duración como multi-temporalidad
Authors: Berszan István
Published: October 2021

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Hacia una teoría del signo espacial en la ficción narrativa contemporánea
Authors: Álvarez Méndez Natalia
Published: October 2021

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David Mamet: Entre el guion teatral y la narrativa visual
Authors: Buezo Canalejo Catalina
Published: October 2021

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Up Pictura Poesis: Reflexiones desde el teatro de Shakespeare
Authors: Carbajosa Palmero Natalia
Published: October 2021

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Reseña de: Jesús G. Maestro. EL PERSONAJE NIHILISTA. «LA CELESTINA» Y EL TEATRO EUROPEO. Madrid/Franlrfurt am Main: Iberoamericana Vervuert, 2001
Authors: Vázquez García Juan
Published: October 2021

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Reseña de: Mª Francisca Vilches de Frutos, Mª Teresa García-Abad et alii (eds.) ANALES DE LA LITERATURA ESPAÑOLA CONTEMPORÁNEA, NÚMERO MONOGRÁFICO: TEATRO Y CINE: LA BÚSQUEDA DE NUEVOS LENGUAJES EXPRESIVOS. VOLUME 26, ISSUE 1 (Colorado, USA: The Society o
Authors: Bonilla Agudo María
Published: October 2021

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Principi in načini učvrstitve obproteznih zlomov ob deblu kolčne proteze (Vancouver B) – pregledni članek
Authors: Kristan Anže
Published: October 2021

Z večanjem števila vstavljenih endoprotez kolka se veča število zapletov. Obprotezni zlom v predelu stegnenice po endoprotezi kolka je zaplet, ki redko nastane ob operaciji, pogosteje pa do zloma pride nekaj let po primarni operaciji. Na pogostost tega zapleta vplivajo številni dejavniki, ki so med seboj soodvisni. Glede na mesto zloma in kakovost kosti se ti zlomi delijo po Vancouverski razdelitvi. Zlomi s stabilnim deblom (B1) se praviloma operirajo z notranjo učvrstitvijo ob ohranitvi debla primarne proteze. Mnenja glede zdravljenj zlomov, ob katerih pride do omajanja debla, ni pa prisotnih okvar na kosti (B2), so deljena. Klasična metoda je menjava debla z dodatno učvrstitvijo ali brez nje. V zadnjem času pa se pojavlja vse več študij, ki podpirajo notranjo učvrstitev z ohranitvijo izvirne proteze. Osnovno načelo ob učvrstitvi zloma v predelu debla proteze je anatomska naravnava zloma s stabilno učvrstitvijo. Na ta način ponovno vzpostavimo popolno prileganje proteze kosti. Deblo proteze predstavlja oviro za učvrstitev, le redko tudi za naravnavo. V članku govorimo predvsem o načinu pritrditve plošče na kost v predelu debla proteze. Najlažja je uporaba t. i. cerklaž, ki pa nudijo slabo torzijsko stabilnost. Zato je potrebno zlom še dodatno učvrstiti z vijaki. Zaradi osteopenije kosti, ki je pri starostnikih praktično vedno prisotna, je idealno uporabiti kotno stabilne plošče in zaklepne vijake, ki so v kosti učvrščeni v obeh kortikalisih (bikortikalni vijaki). Vendar pa je to možno zelo redko oziroma ob uporabi plošč, ki to dopuščajo. S ploščo je vedno treba premostiti čim večjo dolžino kosti, saj na ta način zmanjšamo obremenitev kosti na koncu plošče. Članek prikazuje serijo obproteznih zlomov v predelu debla kolčne proteze brez okvar kosti (B1 in B2), operiranih na Kliničnem oddelku za travmatologijo UKC Ljubljana v obdobju enega leta.
Pravni vidiki nadomeščanja v zdravstvu
Authors: Strban Grega , Mišič Luka , Balažic Jožef , Gradišek Anton
Published: October 2021

Odsotnost zdravstvenih delavcev z delovnega mesta ob splošno znanih nizkih kadrovskih normativnih v slovenski javni zdravstveni mreži je velik problem. Avtorji v prispevku obravnavajo različne pravne vidike in pravne oblike nadomeščanja zdravstvenih delavcev, predvsem zdravnikov, pri čemer v prvi vrsti izhajajo iz položaja bolnika oziroma osebe z obveznim zdravstvenim zavarovanjem. Ob obravnavi razmerja med Zavodom za zdravstveno zavarovanje Slovenije (ZZZS) in izvajalci zdravstvene dejavnosti obravnavajo tudi izbrane etične in pravne dileme, povezane z zdravnikovo odgovornostjo v primeru nadomeščanja.
L’évaluation des établissements scolaires – le cas du collégial
Authors: Guay Richard , Riopel Martin
Published: October 2021

Cet article évalue l’influence des établissements sur l’obtention du diplôme et se fonde sur une étude de cohorte de plus de 44 000 étudiant⋅e⋅s ayant commencé leurs études collégiales en 2009. L’étude tient compte des principales variables scolaires et socioéconomiques susceptibles d’influencer la réussite scolaire. Elle utilise une approche soustractive et des modèles multiniveaux de régressions logistiques mixtes pour analyser les variables individuelles et de composition les plus importantes. Les résultats appuient l’hypothèse selon laquelle les établissements collégiaux et les programmes exercent une influence statistiquement significative sur la réussite scolaire et expliquent en bonne partie la variance observée. Les résultats montrent aussi que le classement des établissements collégiaux, fondés sur des données agrégées par établissement, sont fortement biaisés. Enfin, ces résultats n’appuient pas l’hypothèse d’un système d’éducation québécois inégalitaire, pour le collégial, et invitent à mener des études équivalentes, soustractives et multiniveaux pour les autres ordres d’enseignement.
Human and Cobot Cooperation Ethics: The Process Management Concept of the Production Workplace
Authors: Chromjakova Felicita , Trentesaux Damien , Kwarteng Michael Adu
Published: October 2021

The competitiveness of modern companies depends today on the ability to implement digitised technologies into production processes in human-friendly ways. The aim of this paper is to analyse ethical aspects of human-cobot cooperation in industrial production and to design a process standard aimed at ensuring an ethically stable cooperative workplace. The scientific contribution of this study lies in the identification and definition of standardized parameters of the ethics of the production process in the workplace. Based on the analysis of cooperative workplaces in 250 industrial companies, a code of ethics has been defined, i.e. a process standard that determines the navigation of the design by selected optimization criteria necessary for setting up a hybrid workplace defined as human and cobot (collaborative robot) with the support of digitised technologies. In the presented results and the final discussion attention is devoted to the need to radically change the philosophy of workplace standardization in the sense of equal access to workload settings by humans and robots. In the process of standardization, it is necessary to consider the difference in the standardization of human jobs and cobot jobs: the thinking process. In modern industrial companies the need has arisen to create working standards that take into account the adaptive ability of cobots and adapt the cobots’ workflow to human needs concerning performance and productivity. The presented results include recommendations for industrial companies to develop an ethical and stable production workplace based on an adequately defined form of cooperation.
Parallels and Differences in Earnings Management of the Visegrad Four and the Baltics
Authors: Durana Pavol , Ginevicius Romualdas , Urbanski Mariusz , Podhorska Ivana , Tumpach Milos
Published: October 2021

Earnings management is a legal and widely preferred phenomenon of business finance that financial managers use to maintain and improve the enterprise’s competitiveness. Managers purposely manipulate business earnings to achieve the required status of the enterprise. The consequence of these activities is to provide a positive perspective for the owners, encourage the profitability for the creditor and the investors as well as demonstrate economic strengths to competitors. This article aims to identify parallels and differences in earnings management of enterprises in the Visegrad Four and the Baltics in terms of competitiveness for the nineyear period 2010-2018. The research uses a final sample of 4,543 observations from the EBITs of Slovak, Czech, Hungarian and Polish enterprises as well as 1,633 observations from the EBITs of Latvian, Lithuanian and Estonian enterprises. Time-series methods with all necessary assumptions have been run for the analyzed financial dataset. The results of the econometric modeling of unit roots show significant parallels in these groups of countries. The enterprises from the Visegrad group and the Baltics group use the apparatus of earnings management to be competitive. The obtained results confirm the systematic but legal manipulation from the side of management. A quantitative analysis of homogeneity tests using 1,000,000 Monte Carlo simulations indicates significant time differences of manipulation in these emerging countries. The year 2014 signaled a radical “accelerando” in earnings management for the V4, and the year 2016 is highlighted for the Baltics.
Consumer Attitudes Towards New Circular Models in the Fashion Industry
Authors: Musova Zdenka , Musa Hussam , Drugdova Jennifer , Lazaroiu George , Alayasa Jehad
Published: October 2021

The fashion industry ranks among the most resource-intensive and environment-polluting industries. Circularity has been discussed as a solution to these problems. However, the transition towards a circular economy (CE) requires fundamental changes in the behavior and actions of all market entities. Consumer interest in sustainability and circularity can stimulate businesses to become more responsible and to offer circular solutions, and thus create a significant competitive advantage for these firms in a globalized market. This paper examines consumer attitudes towards the new circular models in the fashion industry (e.g. slow fashion, swapping, clothes rent, etc.). Consumer knowledge of these models, consumer willingness to support them as well as a correlation to selected demographic characteristics will be described along with consumer attitudes towards textile products made of waste and recycled material. Results will be introduced from a questionnaire survey carried out in October and November 2019 using the sample of 468 respondents in Slovakia. The obtained data were evaluated using statistical methods (Pearson Chi-Square, Wilcoxon test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient). While generally a low awareness of Slovak consumers of new models in the fashion industry was confirmed, the willingness of consumers to engage and support circular solutions was shown, especially among the younger generations. These results show that businesses that react to consumer expectations regarding circularity by offering products and services with environmental benefits may increase their competitiveness.
Testing for Convergence in Competitiveness and Growth in Selected Economies from 1994 to 2020
Authors: Skare Marinko , Porada-Rochon Małgorzata , Stjepanovic Sasa
Published: October 2021

Competitiveness on a small and large scale is necessary for growth. A definitive link between the level of competitiveness and growth has been difficult to prove. One of the primary objectives of economic planning is to promote price and exchange rate stability. Entrepreneurialism and productivity also increase the country’s export competitiveness. The aim of this study is to test for the convergence in competitiveness and convergence club existence in selected economies. No previous research had tested for convergence in competitiveness using a nonlinear timevarying factor model. This paper provides an overview on convergence in competitiveness and convergence clubs’ existence for 42 countries using quarterly data from 1994q1 to 2020q4 testing on competitiveness. Convergence log (t) test results show differences in competitiveness between classified convergence clubs. Russia, Brazil, and Turkey are the clubs (groups of countries) that show a transitional path (convergence in competitiveness) that differs entirely from the rest of the sample. Countries with more natural resources and exogenous monetary policies follow a unique development path to competitiveness. We find no evidence of divergence in countries within the clubs. However, we find a club (group of countries) following a clear divergence path from the other countries (Russia, Brazil, and Turkey). Our findings could potentially explain the increase in divergence in competitiveness across countries after the financial crisis of 2008.
Em busca da boa morte: antropologia dos cuidados paliativos
Authors: Menezes Rachel Aisengart
Published: October 2021

Fruto de um trabalho etnográfico, o livro Em Busca da Boa Morte, de Rachel Aisengart Menezes, aborda o novo ideário, conhecido como paliativista, que coloca em questão a morte fria e desprotegida no hospital – desse modo, o que se procura aqui é refletir acerca de um processo de mudança cultural, de contornos ainda pouco precisos, mas que, inegavelmente, procura humanizar o momento da morte, encarando a relação médico-paciente sob um outro ponto de vista . Trata-se de uma obra que traz à tona questões sobre a Ética no mundo contemporâneo, que banaliza a morte ou simplesmente não fala dela. Desse modo, o novo ideário constitui-se como uma resposta possível, mesmo que ainda ligada, à onisciência e onipresença da Medicina, quando o discurso médico já não possui respostas, conscientizando-se das suas limitações.
Assessment of Approaches for the Extraction of Building Footprints from Pléiades Images
Authors: Taha Lamyaa Gamal El-deen , Ibrahim Rania Elsayed
Published: October 2021

The Marina area represents an official new gateway of entry to Egypt and the development of infrastructure is proceeding rapidly in this region. The objective of this research is to obtain building data by means of automated extraction from Pléiades satellite images. This is due to the need for efficient mapping and updating of geodatabases for urban planning and touristic development. It compares the performance of random forest algorithm to other classifiers like maximum likelihood, support vector machines, and backpropagation neural networks over the well-organized buildings which appeared in the satellite images. Images were subsequently classified into two classes: buildings and non-buildings. In addition, basic morphological operations such as opening and closing were used to enhance the smoothness and connectedness of the classified imagery.The overall accuracy for random forest, maximum likelihood, support vector machines, and backpropagation were 97%, 95%, 93% and 92% respectively. It was found that random forest was the best option, followed by maximum likelihood, while the least effective was the backpropagation neural network. The completeness and correctness of the detected buildings were evaluated. Experiments confirmed that the four classification methods can effectively and accurately detect 100% of buildings from very high-resolution images. It is encouraged to use machine learning algorithms for object detection and extraction from very high-resolution images.
Design and experiment of light field shaping system for three-dimensional extended light source used in photoacoustic spectrometer
Authors: Qiu Yi-Geng , Fan Yuan-Yuan , Yan Bo-Xia , Wang Yan-Wei , Wu Yi-Hang , Han Zhe , Qi Yan , Lu Ping ,   R & D Center of Optoelectronic Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   The State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China,   National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Published: October 2021

Compared with infrared laser sources, the three-dimensional incoherent extended light source has the advantages of high power, wide spectral range, and low cost. It has extremely wide applications in high-precision and multi-component photoacoustic spectrometers. However, it encounters some problems about poor directivity, low energy density, irregular shape, light field shaping needed in the design of optical system. The photoacoustic spectrometer is required to collect and optimize the radiation of the centimeter-level three-dimensional extended light source to the whole space in a small volume. Through using a series of wavelength and frequency modulation elements, the final cylindrical light field distribution with millimeter-level radius and centimeter-level length is realized. According to the concept of optical expansion and the principle of edge light, this paper breaks through the traditional design mode based on point light source in the process of optical system design and optimization. The concept of extended light source is used throughout the design process. The luminous characteristics of the three-dimensional extended light source are directly acquired by the self-designed measurement method and device which is accurately reflected in the three-dimensional extended light source model in the form of micro-element. The design of the light field shaping system of the three-dimensional extended light source for the photoacoustic spectrometer is realized by the aspheric surface, and the relevant experimental verification is carried out. Taking the Hawkeye IR-Si272 light source for example, the experimental value of the light power at the entrance of the photoacoustic cell and the sidewall noise rate of the photoacoustic spectrometer have a small deviation from their corresponding simulation values. Compared with the original condenser system, the self-designed photoacoustic spectrometer light source system increases the value of the light power at the entrance of the photoacoustic cell from 0.86W to 1.32W, and reduces the value of the sidewall noise rate from 50.3% to 19.7%. The lower limit of detection of the concentration of trace gas in the order of ppm (parts per million) is also achieved.
Retinoic acid signaling is directly activated in cardiomyocytes and protects mouse hearts from apoptosis after myocardial infarction
Authors: Da Silva Fabio , Jian Motamedi Fariba , Weerasinghe Arachchige Lahiru Chamara , Tison Amelie , Bradford Stephen T , Lefebvre Jonathan , Dolle Pascal , Ghyselinck Norbert B , Wagner Kay D , Schedl Andreas
Published: October 2021

Retinoic acid (RA) is an essential signaling molecule for cardiac development and plays a protective role in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI). In both cases, the effect of RA signaling on cardiomyocytes, the principle cell type of the heart, has been reported to be indirect. Here we have developed an inducible murine transgenic RA-reporter line using CreERT2 technology that permits lineage tracing of RA-responsive cells and faithfully recapitulates endogenous RA activity in multiple organs during embryonic development. Strikingly, we have observed a direct RA response in cardiomyocytes during mid-late gestation and after MI. Ablation of RA signaling through deletion of the Aldh1a1/a2/a3 genes encoding RA-synthesizing enzymes leads to increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in adults subjected to MI. RNA sequencing analysis reveals Tgm2 and Ace1, two genes with well-established links to cardiac repair, as potential targets of RA signaling in primary cardiomyocytes, thereby providing novel links between the RA pathway and heart disease.
Oral Physical Findings in Patients with Chronic Nasal Obstruction
Authors: Abdollahi Fakhim Shahin , Shahidi Nikzad , Hasanzadeh Elnaz
Published: October 2021

Background: Although chronic nasal obstruction causes mouth breathing, it causes changes in orofacial anatomy to compensate reduced airflow and facilitate breathing. As a result there is a mismatch between growth and evolution of orofacial structures.The aim of this study is to find oral physical findings in patients with chronic nasal obstruction. Methods: All patients referred to the clinic and ward in Imam Reza Hospital during 2019-2020, who suffered from chronic nasal obstruction, were examined and the findings of the examination included Tonsil size, tongue size, mallampati, tonsillar pillars size, palate height, palate thickness, ovula length, hypertrophy of nasal turbines,septal deviation, long face, neck circumference were compared among case and control groups.And also STOP-BANG score was calculated and risk of OSAS was shown. Results: In this study, the average age of people with nasal obstruction was 42.89±14.30. In physical examinations of the mouth, the size of the tonsils and the size of the neck did not differ significantly between two groups, but other positive examinations were significantly higher in patients with chronic nasal obstruction and there was no significant difference in blood pressure, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, IHD, fatty liver in the control group. Only patients with nasal obstruction complained significantly more than the control group of hearing loss. Conclusion: The frequency of tongue enlargement, soft palate, and thick palate and Malapmati score were significantly higher in people with chronic nasal obstruction.
Determination of Specific Anti - Toxocara Antibodies in Patients with Cardiac Disease
Authors: Kaneva Eleonora , Harizanov Rumen , Krumova Stefka , Genova-Kalu Petya , Rainova Iskra , Tsvetkova Nina , Kaftandjiev Iskren , Pishmisheva Mariya
Published: October 2021

Aim of this study is to find the seroprevalence of specific anti - Toxocara IgG antibodies among patients with inflammatory heart disease and to evaluate the significance of this parasite as a possible etiological agent of such pathology. We performed a serological study of 41 patients with heart disease (myocarditis, pericarditis and endocarditis) for presence of specific anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies. We used ELISA for primary screening, and Western blot as a confirmatory method. Presence of specific anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies in ELISA was detected in three (7.3%) of the serum samples, and another two (4.9%) were with borderline values. These serum samples were further examined in Western blot and three of them (7.3%) displayed disease-specific bands. We do not in any way claim that in these cases Toxocara infection is the cause of inflammatory heart disease, but the data from the study shows that such a link is possible.
O sul catarinense após o auge do carvão
Authors: Lins Hoyêdo Nunes
Published: October 2021

O estudo focaliza a trajetória da economia carbonífera no sul de Santa Catarina, explorando aspectos da inflexão, no final dos anos 1980, traduzida em drástica queda na produção e grandes demissões no setor. O objetivo é descrever e discutir os processos relacionados a essa mudança e apontar alguns de seus desdobramentos. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, e concentrando o olhar em período que se estende principalmente das últimas décadas do século XX até meados dos anos 2010, coloca-se esse percurso em perspectiva – dirigindo brevemente a atenção para regiões mineiras em outros países – e se indica que, como nessas experiências, também no sul catarinense o declínio da mineração acabou provocando ou agudizando lutas sociais. No novo século, avanços na diversificação produtiva foram registrados, talvez autorizando referência a um “sul carbonífero pós-carvão”. Do mesmo modo, cresceu o interesse pela problemática ambiental, com engajamento aparentemente forte na defesa e recuperação de patrimônio afetado por décadas de mineração.
Problemática ambiental e políticas públicas de meio ambiente no Distrito Federal
Authors: Negret Fernandez Fernando , Pietrafesa Pedro
Published: October 2021

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar a problemática ambiental no Distrito Federal de Brasília e as políticas públicas que foram colocadas em execução para enfrentá-la. Estabeleceu-se, como ponto de partida, que a ocupação territorial e a urbanização desordenada constituem as causas principais da degradação do meio ambiente. Nessa perspectiva, foram considerados quatro aspectos para a análise e de atenção prioritária: a ocupação e o uso do solo, os recursos hídricos, os resíduos sólidos e a educação ambiental. O estudo apoiou-se em revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental, esta última abarcando as políticas públicas, a legislação e as iniciativas do governo do Distrito Federal. Os resultados mostraram que há uma bastante preocupante degradação dos recursos, porém, que também existe uma ampla legislação e normas pertinentes aos quatro aspectos acima referidos em particular.
In vitro Plant Regeneration in Banana (Musa sp.) cv. Grand Nain
Authors: Yousif Aiman , Ijaz Muhammad , Iftikhar Hamza , Mustafa Aqsa , Tasneem Nerum , Javed Imran , Fatima Maria
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted at the tissue culture laboratory in Pakistan. Suckers obtained from the banana cv. Grand Nain to explore the effects of different concentrations of BAP and IAA. After inoculation with Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and the Indole-3- acetic acid (IAA) the suckers first turn into the brown after 5-10 days then turned into a green mass-like structure after 30 days. From this mass-like structure shoots and roots were developed. Among the different concentrations, BAP 7.5 mg/l and IAA 0.5 mg/l showed the highest number of shoots 0.75, 2.75 and 6.25 per explant and shows the highest shoot lengths which 1.03 cm, 2.45 cm and 3.40 cm respectively. IAA is essential for only roots proliferation. The roots of different lengths were produced when the concentration of IAA 0.5 mg/l was used and 2.93 cm, 4.63 cm and 5.88 cm roots length produced at 15, 30 and 45 days after occultation respectively. Then these plants were transferred to the greenhouse for hardening acclimatization with the environment, the hardening process took place, and the established plantlets are ready for planting.
Effect of Different Levels of Borax and Gypsum on Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Finger Millet (Eleusine corocana L) in Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka
Authors: Govinda K. , Prakash S. S. , D. Souza Ashay
Published: October 2021

A field experiment was carried out in Kharif 2016 on B-deficient sandy loam soil at College of Agriculture, VC Farm, Mandya to study the effect of graded levels borax (5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha1) and gypsum (100 and 200 kg ha-1) on yield and soil chemical properties of irrigated finger millet (Eleusine corocana L.) in Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka. A significantly higher grain yield of 45.95 q ha-1 (17.56% higher than the control) and a B:C ratio of 3.06 were also recorded at T12 compared with RDF + FYM (T1). Due to application of borax and gypsum, the pH, EC, and organic carbon content in soil during flowering stage and at crop harvest were non-significant. However, at the flowering and harvest of the crop, the T4 treatment had the lowest pH (7.49 and 7.43, respectively), whereas the T12 (flowering stage) and T10 (after harvest) treatments had the highest pH (7.65 and 7.67, respectively). Higher soil NPK values were detected in all treatments at flowering stage compared to after the crop was harvested. Application of borax 10kg ha-1 + 100 kg gypsum ha-1 along with RDF and FYM had a significantly higher exchangeable calcium content after harvest (6.77 cmol kg-1) than T1 (5.23 cmol kg-1). Sulphur content in soil at flowering stage and after harvest of crop was found to be significant among the treatments due to application of different levels of  gypsum. High levels of borax applied treatments, i. e. T5 (T1+20 kg borax ha-1) and T15 (T5 + 200 kg gypsum ha-1) recorded significantly higher content of B at flowering stage (4.18 and 4.09 mg kg-1, respectively) and at harvest of crop (3.88 and 3.68 mg kg-1, respectively) when compared to T1 (1.32 and 1.16 mg kg-1, respectively). Therefore finger millet absorption of boron may be reduced by using borax with a greater dosage of gypsum (200 kg ha-1). As a result, optimising the Ca/B ratio in the soil and plant is critical for increasing irrigated finger millet yields.
Development of Some Novel Coumarin-Chalcone Compounds as Anti-proliferative Agents
Authors: Patel Kuldeep , Rathi Jagdish Chandra , Dhiman Neerupma
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Cancer is the world's second leading cause of death and morbidity, behind only heart failure, which claimed the lives of 18.2 million people in 2020. While massive initiatives to establish newer leads and innovative chemotherapeutic methods for combating different types of cancer, continues to be a major concern around the world. As a result, identifying cell-cycle inhibitors and apoptotic triggers to fight cancer cells is an appealing method for finding and developing new anti-tumor drugs.

Materials and Methods: The present study involves the rational development and characterization (both physicochemical and spectroscopy) of coumarin-chalcone compounds (A1–A10) and their anti-proliferative potentials against cancer lines of breast cancer origin (MDA-MB468, MDA-MB231, and MCF-7) and non-cancer breast epithelial cell (184B5).

Results: The compound A2 exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity against the cell line MDA-MB-231 as indicated by the GI50 value of 10.06 μM, the compound A6 exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity against the cell line MDA-MB-468 as indicated by the GI50 value of 17.54 μM, the compound A1 exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity against the cell line MCF-7 as indicated by the GI50 value of 25.86 μM, and the compound A6 exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity against the cell line 184B5 as indicated by the GI50 value of 23.26 μM.

Conclusion: Furthermore, the research urges medicinal chemists to choose chalcone prototypes with well-defined pathways and SARs while developing more powerful inhibitors. Furthermore, it opens up new pathways for the discovery of anti-cancer derivatives using low molecular weight ligands.