bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Moderate Effects of Same-Sex Legislation on Dependent Employer-Based Insurance Coverage Among Sexual Minorities
Authors: Tran Linda Diem
Published: January 2016

A difference-in-difference approach was used to compare the effects of same-sex domestic partnership, civil union, and marriage policies on same- and different-sex partners who could have benefitted from their partners’ employer-based insurance (EBI) coverage. Same-sex partners had 78% lower odds (Marginal Effect = −21%) of having EBI compared with different-sex partners, adjusting for socioeconomic and health-related factors. Same-sex partners living in states that recognized same-sex marriage or domestic partnership had 89% greater odds of having EBI compared with those in states that did not recognize same-sex unions (ME = 5%). The impact of same-sex legislation on increasing take-up of dependent EBI coverage among lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals was modest, and domestic partnership legislation was equally as effective as same-sex marriage in increasing same-sex partner EBI coverage. Extending dependent EBI coverage to same-sex partners can mitigate gaps in coverage for a segment of the lesbians, gay men, and bisexual population but will not eliminate them.
Sex, Violence, and the Religious “Other”
Authors: Gresaker Ann Kristin
Published: January 2016

This article examines the gendered portrayals of religion in Scandinavian men’s magazines. Based on verbal and visual material from Slitz, M!, and Mann, focusing on the years 1998 and 2008, the study asks how are gendered ideas of religion and religiosity constructed in Scandinavian men’s magazines? and how can these constructions be interpreted, both in light of the specific contexts of the men’s magazines and broader cultural notions of gender and religion? The findings show that the magazines construct gendered religious subjectivities: the “crazy religious girlfriend” in 1998, the sexualized Christian woman in 2008, and “the bad, patriarchal religious man,” prevalent in both years. This article proposes that the constructions are shaped and informed by dominating cultural ideas of religion and gender, for example, informed by the construction of “the bad Muslim Man” and more specifically set into the gendered scripts on intimate relationships and violence characterizing the new lad discourse.
Temporary Homes
Authors: Rampazi Marita
Published: January 2016

The article explores the relationship between the concept of home as a “becoming,” and young people’s identity construction, in situations of residential instability caused by contemporary mobility. In line with the results of recent studies, the article argues that in some cases, this instability can be an opportunity to recreate the conditions of dwelling by transforming an anonymous space into a temporary home, which gets its meaning from the individual’s “ongoing personal project.” Drawing on a qualitative study which explored the temporal and spatial experience of young people in Italy, the article analyzes the narratives of a number of university students temporarily residing in the Lombardy region, highlighting the processes involved in recreating the feeling of being at home which take place in everyday life, by means of structuring domestic times and spaces, resignifying “objects” as “things,” negotiating household rules, and organizing care practices.
Prolonged-release fampridine in multiple sclerosis: Improved ambulation effected by changes in walking pattern
Authors: Zörner Björn , Filli Linard , Reuter Katja , Kapitza Sandra , Lörincz Lilla , Sutter Tabea , Weller David , Farkas Melinda , Easthope Christopher S , Czaplinski Adam , Weller Michael , Linnebank Michael
Published: January 2016

Background:

Prolonged-release fampridine (PR-fampridine, 4-aminopyridine) increases walking speed in the timed 25-foot walk test (T25FW) in some patients (timed-walk responders) with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective:

To explore the effects of PR-fampridine on different aspects of walking function and to identify associated gait modifications in subjects with MS.

Methods:

In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase II study (FAMPKIN; clinicaltrials.gov , NCT01576354), subjects received a 6-week course of oral placebo or PR-fampridine treatment (10 mg, twice daily) before crossing over. Using 3D-motion-analysis, kinematic and kinetic parameters were assessed during treadmill walking (primary endpoint). Clinical outcome measures included T25FW, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and balance scales. Physical activity in everyday life was measured with an accelerometer device.

Results:

Data from 55 patients were suitable for analysis. Seventeen subjects were timed-walk responders under PR-fampridine. For the total study population and for responders, a significant increase in walking speed (T25FW) and distance (6MWT) was observed. Gait pattern changes were found at the single-subject level and correlated with improvements in the T25FW and 6MWT. Physical activity was increased in responders.

Conclusion:

PR-fampridine improves walking speed, endurance, and everyday physical activity in a subset of subjects with MS and leads to individual modifications of the gait pattern.
Observed callousness as a predictor of treatment outcomes in parent management training
Authors: Bjørnebekk Gunnar , Kjøbli John
Published: January 2016

Background:

The goal of this study was to examine how observed Callous–Unemotional (CU) behavior influenced change in externalized and internalized problems, hyperactivity, social competence, and treatment satisfaction following parent management training.

Methods:

Three hundred twenty-three children and their families received Parent Management Training—the Oregon model (PMTO). They were compared at intake and after treatment in order to examine differences in 14 treatment outcomes using hierarchical regression analyses.

Results:

Children with low levels of observed CU showed the greatest gains after PMTO treatment. This was evident in parent, therapist, self, and teacher reports.

Conclusions:

The results indicate that it is possible to observe CU behavior among children with conduct problems, and that children with elevated levels of observed CU behavior may be in need of additional treatment or components of treatment or more intense versions of parent management treatment.
Hiding in plain sight: The rhetoric of bionic contact lenses in mainstream discourses
Authors: Pedersen Isabel , Ellison Kirsten
Published: January 2016

This article explores and critiques mainstream speculative news surrounding personal technologies. We focus on news concerning bionic contact lenses, a hardware invention prototype by Google Inc promoted as a ‘future’ personal computing device. Technology is increasingly normalized and configured as inevitable through representations across consumer media outlets. In our analysis of a large corpus of online and print news coverage, we identify three rhetorical strategies that justify it as either a medical/assistive device within a discourse of health, or a device for transhuman enhancement within a discourse of transhumanism. Employing Roland Barthes’s critical theory of myth, we argue that the first medical justification obfuscates but ultimately promotes the second justification, transhuman enhancement. This transhumanist vision endorses enhancement and augmentation without an identifiable purpose or disclosure concerning how people as users might be affected in the future. New media are subtly promoted during invention; yet, their social function, implied ideologies, and commercialized agenda are rarely challenged. We problematize these omissions, and highlight the need for critical dialogue.
Challenges on field monitoring of indoor air quality in china
Authors: Ho Steven Sai Hang , Huang Yu , Lee Shun-Cheng , Cao Junji
Published: January 2016

Field monitoring is critical in the examination of indoor air quality (IAQ) which offers an integrated assessment of human exposure. A good measurement protocol includes appropriate methodologies and compliance of quality control and quality assurance procedures. In China, there has been a huge economic growth in the past 20 years and living standard for Chinese citizens has been improving with a rapid development in urban cities and infrastructures. With these developments, there have been a growth of increasing pollution sources, and IAQ has been a major concern to the government and many Chinese citizens with widespread reports of the coherent health impacts. However, the indoor monitoring in China is full of technical challenges. In this paper, we review the difficulties in conducting IAQ assessment in China. Techniques and practical consideration have been proposed accordingly.
Do physical environmental changes make a difference? Supporting person-centered care at mealtimes in nursing homes
Authors: Chaudhury Habib , Hung Lillian , Rust Tiana , Wu Sarah
Published: January 2016

Purpose

Drawing on therapeutic physical environmental design principles and Kitwood’s theoretical view of person-centered care, this study examined the impact of environmental renovations in dining spaces of a long-term care facility on residents’ mealtime experience and staff practice in two care units.

Method

The research design involved pre- and post-renovation ethnographic observations in the dining spaces of the care units and a post-renovation staff survey. The objective physical environmental features pre- and post-renovations were assessed with a newly developed tool titled Dining Environment Audit Protocol. We collected observational data from 10 residents and survey responses from 17 care aides and nurses.

Findings

Based on a systematic analysis of observational data and staff survey responses, five themes were identified: (a) autonomy and personal control, (b) comfort of homelike environment, (c) conducive to social interaction, (d) increased personal support, and (e) effective teamwork.

Implications

Although the physical environment can play an influential role in enhancing the dining experience of residents, the variability in staff practices reveals the complexity of mealtime environment and points to the necessity of a systemic approach to foster meaningful culture change.
The Need for New Emphasis on Batterers Intervention Programs
Authors: Aaron Sharon M. , Beaulaurier Richard L.
Published: January 2016

Although Batterers’ Intervention Programs (BIPs) remain a crucial part of victim safety and coordinated community responses, they have received less support and less attention by scholars than other parts of the domestic violence system. Research on BIPs also suggests that they have not been particularly effective at preventing recidivism, are prone to attrition, and increasingly lack the support and confidence of the courts. Nevertheless, BIPs remain one of the few viable alternatives to incarceration for perpetrators of domestic violence. This article examines the historical and empirical reasons for the apparent lack of effectiveness of BIPs. New research suggests avenues for improvement. This begins with incorporating existing research findings, consistency in implementation of best practice models, better diagnosis of personality characteristics of perpetrators and of types of violence that characterize their relationships as well as better funding and support for research. In addition, differentiated treatment approaches tailored to the abuser and their particular types of violence may hold promise—and require increased support by the research and practice communities.
BDKRB2 +9/−9 bp polymorphisms influence BDKRB2 expression levels and NO production in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Shuo , Zhang Lei , Xu Ruonan , Ti Yunfan , Zhao Yunlong , Zhou Liwu , Zhao Jianning
Published: January 2016

The bradykinin B2 receptor (BDKRB2) plays a key role in the inflammation process of osteoarthritis. Nitric oxide has also long been considered to be a catabolic factor that contributes to inflammatory response and the osteoarthritis disease pathology. Several studies have reported that the BDKRB2 +9/−9 bp polymorphisms are associated with transcription of the receptor. However, the roles of BDKRB2 polymorphisms in inflammation in osteoarthritis remain unclear. This study enrolled 156 subjects with primary knee osteoarthritis and 58 healthy volunteers. BDKRB2 polymorphisms were genotyped, and the mRNA and protein levels of BDKRB2 in synovial tissues from osteoarthritis patients were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Nitric oxide production in serum from patients with osteoarthritis was measured using a nitric oxide assay kit. We found that the mean BDKRB2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in Kallgren-Lawrence grade-4 osteoarthritis patients than patients with lower grade osteoarthritis. The +9/−9 bp polymorphisms significantly affected the BDKRB2 mRNA and protein expression levels in synovial tissues from osteoarthritis subjects. Osteoarthritis patients with +9/−9 and −9/−9 genotypes had higher BDKRB2 expression levels in synovial tissue and nitric oxide production in serum. Moreover, positive correlation was found between the BDKRB2 levels in synovial tissue and nitric oxide production. Compared with health controls, significant increases of nitric oxide production in osteoarthritis were detected which were associated with increasing severity of osteoarthritis. Multiple linear regression analysis (adjusted for gender and age) showed serum nitric oxide level was positively associated with BDKRB2 polymorphism and Kallgren-Lawrence grade and was inversely associated with obesity. Our findings showed that the BDKRB2 +9/−9 bp polymorphisms affected the gene expression and nitric oxide production, which were associated with radiographic severity of osteoarthritis, suggesting that the BDKRB2 +9/ −9 bp polymorphisms may act as a genetic modulator of osteoarthritis, and play an essential role in inflammatory process in osteoarthritis.
The San Diego Trolley
Authors: Weinzimmer David
Published: January 2016

In 1949, San Diego was one of the first major California cities to switch to a bus-only transit fleet. As time went on, both San Diego and its neighbor Tijuana saw explosive population growth, and in the 1970s a combination of strong leadership and a stroke of luck led to San Diego constructing the first post–World War II light rail system in the United States. The original system went from downtown to the Mexican border and received national and international attention for being delivered on time, under budget, and without federal funds. This article explores the system’s origins, strengths, shortcomings, and legacy.
Anatomy of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Authors: Gil Y. C. , Shin K. J. , Lee S. H. , Koh K. S. , Song W. C.
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to provide a clear description of the course, precise branching pattern and distribution of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve. A total of 36 hands from 18 preserved cadavers were dissected. The vertical distance from the pisoscaphoid line to the crossing points between the deep branch of the ulnar nerve and each metacarpal was about 4 cm. The deep branch of the ulnar nerve gave off two types of muscular branches: (1) trunks that innervate more than two intrinsic hand muscles; and (2) multiple separate branches innervating only a single muscle. The median numbers of trunks and separate branches were 5 and 6, respectively.

Levels of Evidence: N/A
Frames of Reference
Authors: Sumerau J.E. , Cragun Deborah
Published: January 2016

Unforeseen obstacles and inefficiencies may arise when medical organizations seek to implement protocols that rely upon cooperation and coordination by clinical practitioners from multiple disciplines, departments, and professional orientations. In this reflection, we discuss some ways in which sociological concepts may be useful in forestalling and mitigating such obstacles and inefficiencies in clinical settings. Echoing recent decisions by professional organizations like the American Medical Association, we use the concept of “framing” to suggest how interdisciplinary medical protocols and policy formulations may benefit greatly from sociological lessons and demonstrate some ways by which the incorporation of sociological insights can facilitate greater communication between varied disciplines and departments seeking shared outcomes. In conclusion, we provide some concrete ways by which interdisciplinary medical programs may benefit from sociological concepts and practices.
Impact of mechanical stretch on the cell behaviors of bone and surrounding tissues
Authors: Yu Hye-Sun , Kim Jung-Ju , Kim Hae-Won , Lewis Mark P , Wall Ivan
Published: January 2016

Mechanical loading is recognized to play an important role in regulating the behaviors of cells in bone and surrounding tissues in vivo. Many in vitro studies have been conducted to determine the effects of mechanical loading on individual cell types of the tissues. In this review, we focus specifically on the use of the Flexercell system as a tool for studying cellular responses to mechanical stretch. We assess the literature describing the impact of mechanical stretch on different cell types from bone, muscle, tendon, ligament, and cartilage, describing individual cell phenotype responses. In addition, we review evidence regarding the mechanotransduction pathways that are activated to potentiate these phenotype responses in different cell populations.
Trajectories of depressive symptoms after a major cardiac event
Authors: Mittag Oskar , Kampling Hanna , Farin Erik , Tully Phillip J
Published: January 2016

Depression is a common comorbidity in cardiac patients. This study sought to document fluctuations of depressive symptoms in the 12 months after a first major cardiac event. In all, 310 patients completed a battery of psychosocial measures including the depression subscale of the Symptom Check List-90-Revised. A total of 252 of them also completed follow-up measures at 3 and 12 months. Trajectories of depressive symptoms were classified as none, worsening symptoms, sustained remission, and persistent symptoms. Although the prevalence of depressive symptoms was consistent at each assessment, there was considerable fluctuation between symptom classes. Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of different trajectories.
Monetizing a Meme: YouTube, Content ID, and the Harlem Shake
Authors: Soha Michael , McDowell Zachary J.
Published: January 2016

This article analyzes the creation, evolution, and monetization of the Harlem Shake meme on YouTube to explore contemporary implementation of copyright and understanding of authorship in regard to monetization of works with distributed authorship. This article has three main findings: first, we highlight the collection of digital labor that comprises the “Harlem Shake” meme, its rise in popularity, and the subsequent rise in popularity of Baauer, the composer of the song which forms the backbone of the meme; second, we examine how YouTube’s “new bargain” of Content ID, as a departure from the site’s origins creates coercive control mechanisms, shedding new light on the concept of and debate over “digital sharecropping.” Finally, we argue for a “Fair(er) use” system by exploring how memes might be understood outside of the contemporary copyright system, rethinking the rights of users engaged in collective production. The article is significant in that it challenges the current distribution of Content ID payments solely to copyright holders in an attempt to rethink a system that acknowledges the creative labor of memetic phenomena and collective authorship.
Social Media Use and Online Political Participation Among College Students During the US Election 2012
Authors: Yang Hongwei “Chris” , DeHart Jean L.
Published: January 2016

A total of 4,556 US college students were surveyed immediately after Election 2012 to investigate what social media–related psychological and behavioral factors predicted their online political participation. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical multiple regression results showed that online social capital, political self-efficacy, and Facebook group participation were positive predictors of online political participation, while social trust did not directly influence online political participation. General political use of Facebook and Twitter was a positive predictor of online political participation; however, extensive Facebook and Twitter use was a negative predictor. Implications for research and political practice are discussed.
A Double-Edged Sword: Social Media as a Tool of Online Disinhibition Regarding American Sign Language and Deaf Cultural Experience Marginalization, and as a Tool of Cultural and Linguistic Exposure
Authors: Saunders K. Crom
Published: January 2016

Social media has become a venue for social awareness and change through forum discussions and exchange of viewpoints and information. The rate at which awareness and cultural understanding regarding specific issues has not been quantified, but examining awareness about issues relevant to American Sign Language (ASL) and American Deaf culture indicates that progress in increasing awareness and cultural understanding via social media faces greater friction and less progress compared to issues relevant to other causes and communities, such as feminism, the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community, or people of color. The research included in this article examines online disinhibition, cyberbullying, and audism as it appears in the real world and online, advocacy for and against Deafness as a cultural identity, and a history of how Deaf people are represented in different forms of media, including social media. The research itself is also examined in terms of who conducts the research. The few incidents of social media serving the Deaf community in a more positive manner are also examined. This is to provide contrast to determine which factors may contribute to greater progress in fostering greater awareness of Deaf cultural issues without the seemingly constant presence of resistance and lack of empathy for the Deaf community’s perspectives on ASL and Deaf culture.
A Case for Using Ability-Based Emotional Intelligence Measures in the Selection of Trainee Psychologists
Authors: Omoregbee Itohan , Morrison Ben W. , Morrison Natalie M.V.
Published: January 2016

At present, selection into Masters and Doctorate level Clinical Psychology programs in many countries largely relies upon undergraduate grades (i.e., Grade Point Average; GPA) and the honors year thesis. The use of objective, non-cognitive measures of ability are virtually non-existent. One measure seemingly relevant to the field of clinical psychology is the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), an ability-based measure of emotional intelligence (EI). EI, the ability to identify and regulate one’s own (and others’) emotions, may act as a worthwhile predictor of performance within domains requiring advanced communication and empathy skills, such as clinical psychology. Testing a sample of first year Masters of Clinical Psychology students ( n = 9), this study investigated the relationship between EI as measured by the MSCEIT, performance in clinical tasks (simulated Cognitive Behavioral assessment and Cognitive Therapy (CT) competencies), and GPA. Despite a modest sample size, results indicated a significant correlation between EI and results from the clinical tasks, but there was no significant relationship between assessment performance and GPA. Implications to higher education selection and the clinical psychology profession are discussed.
PSA-NCAM positive neural progenitors stably expressing BDNF promote functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury
Authors: Butenschön Jennifer , Zimmermann Tina , Schmarowski Nikolai , Nitsch Robert , Fackelmeier Barbara , Friedemann Kevin , Radyushkin Konstantin , Baumgart Jan , Lutz Beat , Leschik Julia
Published: January 2016

Background

Neural stem cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) are of particular interest for future therapeutic use. However, until now, stem cell therapies are often limited due to the inhibitory environment following the injury. Therefore, in this study, we aimed at testing a combinatorial approach with BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) overexpressing early neural progenitors derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. BDNF is a neurotrophin, which both facilitates neural differentiation of stem cells and favors regeneration of damaged axons.

Methods

Mouse embryonic stem cells, modified to stably express BDNF-GFP, were differentiated into PSA-NCAM positive progenitors, which were enriched, and SSEA1 depleted by a sequential procedure of magnetic-activated and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Purified cells were injected into the lesion core seven days after contusion injury of the spinal cord in mice, and the Basso mouse scale (BMS) test to evaluate motor function was performed for 5 weeks after transplantation. To analyze axonal regeneration the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine was injected into the sensorimotor cortex two weeks prior to tissue analysis. Cellular differentiation was analyzed by immunohistochemistry of spinal cord sections.

Results

Motor function was significantly improved in animals obtaining transplanted BDNF-GFP-overexpressing cells as compared to GFP-expressing cells and vehicle controls. Stem cell differentiation in vivo revealed an increase of neuronal and oligodendrocytic lineage differentiation by BDNF as evaluated by immunohistochemistry of the neuronal marker MAP2 (microtubule associated protein 2) and the oligodendrocytic markers ASPA (aspartoacylase) and Olig2 (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2). Furthermore, axonal tracing showed a significant increase of biotin dextran amine positive corticospinal tract fibers in BDNF-GFP-cell transplanted animals caudally to the lesion site.

Conclusions

The combinatorial therapy approach by transplanting BDNF-overexpressing neural progenitors improved motor function in a mouse contusion model of SCI. Histologically, we observed enhanced neuronal and oligodendrocytic differentiation of progenitors as well as enhanced axonal regeneration.
Full-length amelogenin influences the differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Frasheri Iris , Ern Christina , Diegritz Christian , Hickel Reinhard , Hristov Michael , Folwaczny Matthias
Published: January 2016

Background

Amelogenin is an extracellular matrix protein well known for its role in the organization and mineralization of enamel. Clinically, it is used for periodontal regeneration and, due to its finding also in predentin and intercellular spaces of dental pulp cells, it has recently been suggested for pulp capping procedures. The aim of this study was to analyse in vitro the effect of the recombinant human full-length amelogenin on the growth and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

Methods

Human DPSCs were treated with a supplement of amelogenin at a concentration of 10 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml and 1000 ng/ml. The groups were compared to the unstimulated control in terms of cell morphology and proliferation, mineralization and gene expression for ALP (alkaline phosphatase), DMP1 (dentin matrix protein-1) and DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein).

Results

Amelogenin affects hDPSCs differently than PDL (periodontal ligament) cells and other cell lines. The proliferation rate at two weeks is significantly reduced in presence of the highest concentration of amelogenin as compared to the unstimulated control. hDPSCs treated with low concentrations present a downregulation of DMP1 and DSPP, which is significant for DSPP (p = 0.011), but not for DMP1 (p = 0.395).

Conclusions

These finding suggest that the role of full-length amelogenin is not restricted to participation in tooth structure. It influences the differentiation of hDPSC according to various concentrations and this might impair the clinical results of pulp capping.
Permanent draft genome sequence of the probiotic strain Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 (ITG P20)
Authors: Falentin Hélène , Deutsch Stéphanie-Marie , Loux Valentin , Hammani Amal , Buratti Julien , Parayre Sandrine , Chuat Victoria , Barbe Valérie , Aury Jean-Marc , Jan Gwenaël , Le Loir Yves
Published: January 2016

Propionibacterium freudenreichii belongs to the class Actinobacteria (Gram positive with a high GC content). This “Generally Recognized As Safe” (GRAS) species is traditionally used as (i) a starter for Swiss-type cheeses where it is responsible for holes and aroma production, (ii) a vitamin B12 and propionic acid producer in white biotechnologies, and (iii) a probiotic for use in humans and animals because of its bifidogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Until now, only strain CIRM-BIA1T had been sequenced, annotated and become publicly available. Strain CIRM-BIA129 (commercially available as ITG P20) has considerable anti-inflammatory potential. Its gene content was compared to that of CIRM-BIA1 T. This strain contains 2384 genes including 1 ribosomal operon, 45 tRNA and 30 pseudogenes.
The features of adaptation possibilities of the suvorov military school students withdifferent chronotype
Authors: Беляева  , Belyaeva Viktoriya
Published: January 2016

The article presents the results of the analysis of the chronotype, parameters of the bioelectrograms, indicators of the chronotop spatial-temporal perception of the Suvorov Military School students of 13–14 years old. The representatives of expressed morning chronotype dominate among them. “Individual minute” in the students practically coincides with the astronomical minute. It was found out that the parameter of bioelectrogram «fractality» is above in the students with indifferent chronotype, but “mood” is lower than that in the students with expressed morning chronotype.
Comparative characteristics of clinical and genetic relationships pathology amount of amniotic fluid and congenital malformations of the fetus
Authors: Каркусова  , Karkusova Alla
Published: January 2016

A comparative analysis of clinical and genetic relationship pathology of amniotic fluid and congenital malformations during the study 12150 case histories of women aged 16 to 45 years. To identify the disease heritability amount of amniotic fluid and to establish relationships with congenital fetal development floggings calculation of direct and indirect correlations between them. Was used the estimation of the genetic community pathological content of the amniotic fluid and malformations, which amounted to 27.9% at oligohydramnios, at polyhydramnios - 25.8%, which allows women who have a history of pregnancy with abnormal content of amniotic fluid to send to the institution of medico-genetic consultation in order to get the recommendations for planning future pregnancies.
Cost analysis of gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponges in preventing sternal wound infection post cardiac surgery
Authors: Joshi V. , Vaja R. , Richens D.
Published: January 2016

Objective:

The use of antibiotic-impregnated sponges (Collatamp) during cardiac surgery is controversial. We analysed the cost-effectiveness of its selective use in patients at high-risk of sternal wound infection (SWI).

Method:

Postoperative costs were analysed in two groups of patients undergoing heart surgery between 2011 and 2013: those with SWI (group 1) and in high-risk patients without SWI (group 2). The potential cost of gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponges (GCS) use in high-risk patients was compared with our current practice.

Results:

We identified 1,251 patients with at least one recognised risk factor for developing SWI in this period. Of these, 18 developed SWI (incidence 1.4%). The median postoperative cost per patient without SWI was £9,617. The additional cost per patient incurred by SWI was £4,860.75. The annual additional cost for treating patients with SWI was £43,749. With a 50% reduction in SWI, the annual additional cost of treating these patients would be reduced to £21,873. The cost of GCS is £80 per patient. Adding this to £21,873 gives a potential total cost of £71,913 in the treated high-risk cohort.

Conclusion:

In our practice the annual cost of treating SWI in high-risk patients without use of GCS is lower than the annual cost of using GCS in all high-risk patients (£43,749 versus £71,913) if it produces a 50% reduction in SWI. The reduction in the incidence of SWI poses no economic benefit when the cost of the product is factored in.
Higher numerical ranges of quaternion matrices
Authors: Haj Aboutalebi Narjes , Aghamollaei Gholamreza , Momenaee Kermani Hossein
Published: January 2016

Let n and k be two positive integers and k n. In this paper, the notion of kânumerical range of nâsquare quaternion matrices is introduced. Some algebraic and geometrical properties are investigated. In particular, a necessary and sufficient condition for the convexity of the kânumerical range of a quaternion matrix is given. Moreover, a new description of 1ânumerical range of normal quaternion matrices is also stated.
Subtle differences: Sonic content in ‘translation’ remakes
Authors: Wierzbicki James
Published: January 2016

This article focuses narrowly on sonic content in matching scenes from various non-English films and their adaptations, made relatively soon after their success in regional markets, by Hollywood. It makes the case that whereas the most memorable scenes in the ‘translation’ remakes typically look very much like their models, often they do not sound the same. Based on close comparisons of matching iconic scenes in Nikita and The Assassin, Infernal Affairs and The Departed, Ju-On and The Grudge, and Låt den rätte komma in and Let Me In, the article suggests that even when differences in sonic content are subtle they might still be substantial, so much so that they perhaps influence how the films in their entireties are read.
As investigações sobre a narrativa mediática e o futuro da imprensa
Authors: Lits Marc
Published: January 2016

Há vinte anos, o Observatoire de Recherche sur les Médias et le Journalisme (ORM) criou a noção de narrativa mediática, usando o modelo construído por Paul Ricoeur em Temps et Récit para o aplicar à narrativização das informações nos media contemporâneos. Atualmente e numa altura em que as novas tecnologias modificaram os modos de construção da narrativa e as práticas das redações, em que os utilizadores são também co- ‑construtores da informação que leem e criticam, torna-se necessário rediscutir a pertinência da própria noção de narrativa. Esta surge mais fragmentada, aberta a reescritas, a formas polifónicas que carecem da criação de uma hipernarratologia. É urgente esta criação, a fim de não ceder ao modelo dominante do storytelling, para o qual ainda deve ser desenvolvida uma crítica narratológica, e para compreender o regresso de um jornalismo narrativo, nos Estados Unidos e na Europa, tanto na imprensa escrita como em novos formatos, tais como a revista XXI ou os webdocumentários.
LITS, Marc (2008). Du Récit au Récit Médiatique
Authors: Peixinho Ana Teresa
Published: January 2016

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-6019_1_10
Reflexões Sobre Comunicação e Desporto: Sobre Jornalismo e Cultura Digital
Authors: Boyle Raymond
Published: January 2016

Raymond Boyle reflete sobre a evolução ao longo dos últimos 20 anos no Reino Unido da pesquisa em desporto, no quadro dos estudos dos média e da comunicação. Na primeira parte do artigo, a importância cultural da comunicação e do desporto é sublinhada. Na segunda, são passadas em revista as influências na agenda de pesquisa do autor, em especial na área do jornalismo desportivo, e as mudanças estruturais arrastadas pelos média digitais. Nesta secção, Boyle evoca os investigadores e os trabalhos mais influentes na área da comunicação e desporto. A terceira parte, dedicada ao jornalismo e à cultura digital, contém uma análise da evolução do jornalismo desportivo e das mudanças ocorridas no papel dos jornalistas desportivos. O autor analisa concretamente a mercantilização, a comercialização e a internacionalização do jornalismo desportivo, bem como os efeitos da emergência das relações públicas e da sinergia entre a indústria do desporto e as indústrias de entretenimento em geral. Nesta secção, o autor considera ainda os efeitos reais e previstos do jornalismo di-gital e o potencial dos jornalistas-cidadãos para transformar o jornalismo desportivo. O artigo termina com a consideração de Raymond Boyleé membro do Center for Cultural Policy Research da University of Gasgow (Escócia) (raymond.boyle@glasgow.ac.uk)investigações futuras necessárias para auxiliar a compreensão dos impactos cul-turais das mudanças tecnológicas sobre o papel do jornalismo desportivo.
O Agenda Setting dos Media Sociais no Desporto
Authors: Horky Thomas , Stelzner Barbara
Published: January 2016

Os media desempenham um papel importante na promoção dos heróis do desporto. As ofertas dos media sociais através de likes do Facebook e do Twitter transfor mam o conhecido processo de agenda se tting e mediatização num processo que designamos “agenda setting dos media sociais”. Esta contribuição inicia-se com uma breve panorâmica das manifestações dos media sociais durante os Jogos Olímpicos de 2012. Ao que se seguirá um olhar mais próximo ao modelo teórico e uma avaliação do impacto e consequências potenciais deste processo. A análise de diferentes formas de tematização e de mediatização de heróis desportivos será demonstrada com recurso a estudos de caso de atletas alemães durante os Jogos Olímpicos de Londres de 2012. Tendo como referência os fatores de influência do agenda setting dos media sociais, Marcel Nguyen e Christoph Fildebrandt podem ser caracterizados como os atletas mais populares durante os Jogos Olímpicos.
A Cidade e as suas Personagens em Fim de Século: Quadro de emergência de uma cultura urbana de massas em Portugal
Authors: Peixinho Ana Teresa , Costa Dias Luís Augusto
Published: January 2016

Este artigo corresponde a uma etapa de um projeto de investigação mais amplo que pre tende estudar a emergência da cultura de massas em Portugal no contexto da moder nidade. Descreve-se, de um ponto de vista da história cultural, o contexto da civilização do impresso, que quadra entre o quartel final do séc. XIX e o do princípio do séc. XX , que foi o cenário típico da emergência de uma cultura de massas de matriz urbana envolvendo toda uma transformação social. A modernidade construiu, desde os seus fundamentos, este espetáculo feitode novos tipos sociais e profissionais, novos lugares urbanos de ócio e diversão, novas relações sociais e discursivas. Se, até ao dealbar da globalização, Portugal prolongou uma rea lidade estrutural essencialmente agrária a que corresponderam representações persis tentemente rurais, constituindo fatores de resistência à modernidade que marcaram grande parte do nosso séc. XX , a verdade é que, na transição para o século seguinte, podemos identificar um quadro cultural e social de efeitos multiplicadores de desen volvimento que teve os centros urbanos como polo de importantes transformações.
Albert Camus ou a experiência do jornalismo crítico
Authors: Mesquita Mário
Published: January 2016

Mário Mesquita fala-nos neste texto de um jornalismo utópico: um jornalismo crítico, liberto dos interesses da política e do dinheiro, inserido no campo da cultura, capaz de se pôr em causa e profundamente empenhado com a democracia. Um jornalismo que Albert Camus assumiu sem ilusões, mas que acabou por consi derar uma das mais belas profissões do mundo. Escritor, antes mesmo de ser o jornalista que não enjeitou iniciar-se pelas tarefas básicas de estagiário na redação do Combat, e inteletual: Camus nunca foi um homem de conformismos nem na literatura, nem no pensamento, nem no jornalismo, facto que lhe valeu o isolamento na intelectualidade francesa. Muito para além do opinionmaker dos nossos dias, ele foi o intelectual com a coragem moral da opinião diferente e livre. Palavras de Mário Mesquita a propósito do centenário do nascimento de Albert Camus e dos 20 anos da Licenciatura em Jornalismo da Universidade de Coimbra.
Implementing an educational program to increase preoperative screening for obstructive sleep apnea using the stop-bang questionnaire
Authors: Davies Adam , W. Patrick Monaghan , Gerard Hogan
Published: January 2016

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a potentially fatal disease process that has been linked to higher rates of morbidity and mortality as well as increased perioperative complications. OSA is characterized by repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep. Greater than 92% of women and 82% of men who are plagued by moderate to severe sleep apnea are undiagnosed and may go unrecognized in the perioperative setting. The gap between a high prevalence of undiagnosed OSA in the adult population and the low level of clinical recognition has been well-documented. The term “STOP-BANG” is an acronym for eight independent elements predictive of OSA—three are OSA-related symptoms, three are physiological measurements, and two are patient characteristics.

Methods: This project used a quasi-experimental design using a 16-question self-developed survey based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Participants were asked to read an educational pamphlet on OSA and then complete the survey.

Results: This study found strong evidence to suggest that among Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) and Student Registered Nurse Anesthetists (SRNAs), those with higher scores on Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), and Attitude toward Use (AT), tend to have a higher Behavioral Intention to Use (BIU) the STOP-BANG screening tool.

Conclusions: The results suggest that programs targeted at raising CRNAs’ and SRNAs’ PEOU, PU, and AT regarding the STOP-BANG questionnaire will culminate in increased use of the STOP-BANG screening tool. The use of this screening tool will detect patients previously unidentified as having OSA, and ultimately prevent perioperative complications associated with this disease.
Paradise regained: older adult rock climbers turning space into place in the natural environment
Authors: Hickman Mark , Beard Colin , Inkster Alison
Published: January 2016

At the time of writing there are over 10 million people aged over 65 living in the UK, and by 2050 the number is predicted to rise to 19 million. This expansion of the ageing population is mirrored worldwide, and over the past ten years has stimulated a growth in age-related studies. However, the idea of a social gerontology of the outdoors is yet to take root. Yet, with the maturing of those born between the years 1946 and 1964, and increased participation in adventurous activities, we suggest that the time is right for scholarship in this specific direction. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to discover how older adult rock climbers perceived their relationship with the natural environment to have changed over the period of their involvement with rock climbing. The investigation used a purposive sample of rock climbers in the north-west of England (n=10) aged between 65 and 74 years (av=69.6) identifying them as ‘young-old’ adults. Oral testimony was collected over two phases, the first with interview-questionnaires, and the second with targeted semi-structured interviews. In order to give a clear voice to participants, manual data handling using was used to establish raw data that were then sorted into themes and verified against internal and external checkers. These were then organized around Peace, Wahl, Mollenkopf and Oswald’s (2014) concept of an ‘environment’ considered within three dimensions: the physical/material, including the natural landscape; the psychological, and the meaning attributed to the place, its evolution across the life course, and how it makes people feel about themselves; and the social/cultural, involving the engagement of people to places, including how the space is used and remembered.
Pozvánka na konferenci Naše společná přítomnost 2016
Authors: Dlouhá Jana
Published: January 2016

Great expectations, projects and mistakes – efforts to understand and control nature in the past and the presentThe Conference will take place at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague 1, square Jana Palacha 2, room 104 (see map), 1st April 2016People have for ages been trying to deal with the unpredictability of nature and at the same time causing it through their interventions. They have always longed to transform the environment, society, or even man as such; they have strived to harness the forces of nature or prevent unpredictable risks. Attempts to interfere with nature or engineer human beings and their social or economic relationships have often been (self) destructive due to misunderstandings over fundamental internal principles. The boundary between what is based on dreams or mere illusion, and appropriate plans and processes, is almost indistinguishable – the real benefits or, conversely, major risks, usually become apparent after only a long time. Desired progress and unintended disaster are often two sides of the same coin. And so even in a fully responsible and scientifically sound relationship with nature we can observe an indistinct dividing line between the possible and the impossible, reality and fiction, which is easy to regularly transgress by technical means.In this sense, we are looking for lessons from the past, but at the same time trying to look into the future – we see big (and small), often utopian plans for social or technical development, and artistic achievement. We attempt to map the dead ends that people have tried in the past and those into which they are now wanting to enter. We consider it a way of learning more about the relationship between man and nature. At the same time, we have numerous questions that directly affect us. In what we can hope for today, what we should worry about, where are we probably heading? And how (and what) we will report back to those who come after us –will they live in a world built on our ideas and decisions?
Biomechanical and biochemical regulation of cathepsin K expression in endothelial cells converge at AP-1 and NF-κB
Authors: Keegan Philip M. , Anbazhakan Suhaas , Kang Baolin , Pace Betty S. , Platt Manu O.
Published: January 2016

Cathepsins K and V are powerful elastases elevated in endothelial cells by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) stimulation and disturbed blood flow both of which contribute to inflammation-mediated arterial remodeling. However, mechanisms behind endothelial cell integration of biochemical and biomechanical cues to regulate cathepsin production are not known. To distinguish these mechanisms, human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were stimulated with TNFα and exposed to pro-remodeling or vasoprotective shear stress profiles. TNFα upregulated cathepsin K via JNK/c-jun activation, but vasoprotective shear stress inhibited TNFα-stimulated cathepsin K expression. JNK/c-jun were still phosphorylated, but cathepsin K mRNA levels were significantly reduced to almost null indicating separate biomechanical regulation of cathepsin K by shear stress separate from biochemical stimulation. Treatment with Bay 11-7082, an inhibitor of IκBα phosphorylation, was sufficient to block induction of cathepsin K by both pro-remodeling shear stress and TNFα, implicating NF-κB as the biomechanical regulator, and its protein levels were reduced in HAECs by vasoprotective shear stress. In conclusion, NF-κB and AP-1 activation were necessary to activate cathepsin K expression in endothelial cells, highlighting integration of biochemical and biomechanical stimuli to control cathepsins K and V, powerful elastases implicated for arterial remodeling due to chronic inflammation and disturbed blood flow.