bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFICATION PRIORITY AREAS OF TRADE FACILITATION TO PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA'S FOREIGN TRADE
Authors: Nenadyshina Tatiana S.
Published: June 2021

Currently global economic characterized such trends as increased geopolitical tensions and the expansion of the protectionist measures in the regulation of trade by the world biggest economies. An additional factor that seriously slowed down the global economy growth was the COVID-19 pandemic.  These  crisis  effects  provide  opportunities  for  re-engineering the structure of global value chains and development Russian foreign trade. Based on the statistical data contained in the ratings and reports periodically published by the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation  and  Development,  the  International  Institute  for  Management  Development,  the author identified the main problem areas that impede the conduct of foreign economic activity in Russia as well as barriers of the cross-border movement of goods. The integrated trade facilitation index for Russia was calculated having regard of above mentioned problem areas and barriers. The  index  characterizes  the  state  of  identified  problem  areas  and  barriers in relation to 121  countries.  The  main  directions  of  trade  facilitation  to  stimulate  foreign  trade  and  the integration of Russian manufacturers into the global value chains are proposed based on the factor analysis carried out on the basis of the integrated trade facilitation index variables.
Композитные пористые стеклянные мембраны, содержащие золотые наночастицы, полученные методом лазерного осаждения металла из раствора
Authors: Лебедев Д.В. , Анфимова И.Н. , Антропова Т.В.
Published: June 2021

Within the framework of this study, a method was developed for obtaining composite membranes based on porous glass. Gold nanoparticles with plasmon resonance were formed inside the nanopores of glass membranes. The average particle size of the obtained particles was 20-25 nm. The obtained membranes are promising for the development of new generation sensors and for studying the effect of plasmon resonance on the transport of ions inside nanopores.
Совместное влияние магнитного поля и спин-поляризованного тока на связанную динамику магнитных вихрей в спин-трансферном наноосцилляторе
Authors: Екомасов Е.Г. , Степанов С.В. , Назаров В.Н. , Звездин К.А. , Пугач Н.Г. , Антонов Г.И.
Published: June 2021

The joint effect of the spin polarized current and an external magnetic field on the dynamics of magnetization in vortex spin-transfer nano-oscillators with a diameter of 400 nm is investigated. For the numerical calculation of the coupled dynamics of magnetic vortices, the SpinPM software package for micromagnetic modeling was used. The dependence of the frequency of stationary coupled oscillations of vortices on the magnitude of the magnetic field, which determines the operating frequency range of a tunable vortex spin-transfer nano-oscillator.
Исследование спектров комплексного показателя преломления пленок мононуклеотидов на кремнии в терагерцевом диапазоне
Authors: Кулагина А.С. , Трухин В.Н. , Ступин Д.Д. , Чернев А.Л. , Дубина М.В. , Цырлин Г.Э.
Published: June 2021

The possibility of obtaining spectra of the complex refractive index of mononucleotide films deposited on a polished silicon substrate in the terahertz (THz) range has been shown for the first time. The transmission of biopolymer samples with a THz spectrometer was measured. The natural absorption frequencies and refractive index spectrum of adenosine in the THz range were defined.
Локализация света в полимере на основе эпоксиакрилового композита, модифицированном нанокластерами ZnO
Authors: Иванов-Омский В.И. , Истомин И.Е. , Бабкин О.Э. , Бабкина Л.А. , Василевская Т.Н. , Изотова К.В. , Singh M. , Ястребов С.Г.
Published: June 2021

By the example of the passage of light through a polymer layer based on an epoxy acrylic composite modified with ZnO nanosize scatterers, stochastically distributed in the polymer matrix, a resonance condition is formulated that ensures the observation of blue opalescence. The performed analysis is used to explain the experimental data on the observation of blue opalescence in the synthesized nanocomposite.
A Didactic Escape Game for Emergency Medicine Aimed at Learning to Work as a Team and Making Diagnoses: Methodology for Game Development
Authors: Abensur Vuillaume Laure , Laudren Garry , Bosio Alexandre , Thévenot Pauline , Pelaccia Thierry , Chauvin Anthony
Published: June 2021

Background

In the health care environment, teamwork is paramount, especially when referring to patient safety. We are interested in recent and innovative solutions such as escape games, which is a type of adventure game that may be highly useful as an educational tool, potentially combining good communication skills with successful gamification. They involve teams of 5 to 10 individuals who are “locked” in the same room and must collaborate to solve puzzles while under pressure from a timer.

Objective

The purpose of this paper was to describe the steps involved in creating and implementing an educational escape game. This tool can then be put into service or further developed by trainers who wish to use it for learning interprofessional collaboration. Therefore, we started with an experience of creating an educational escape game for emergency medicine teams.

Methods

We chose to develop an educational escape game by using 6 successive steps. First, we built a team. Second, we chose the pedagogical objectives. Third, we gamified (switched from objectives to scenario). Next, we found the human and material resources needed. Thereafter, we designed briefing and debriefing. Lastly, we tested the game.

Results

By following these 6 steps, we created the first ambulant educational escape game that teaches people, or nurses, doctors, and paramedics, working in emergency medicine to work as a team.

Conclusions

From a pedagogic point of view, this game may be a good tool for helping people in multidisciplinary fields (medical and paramedical teams) to learn how to work collaboratively and to communicate as a group. Above all, it seems to be an innovative tool that complements medical simulation–based learning and thus consolidates traditional education.
Integrating SMS Text Messages Into a Preventive Intervention for Postpartum Depression Delivered via In-Home Visitation Programs: Feasibility and Acceptability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Barrera Alinne Z , Hamil Jaime , Tandon Darius
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

The Mothers and Babies (MB) Course is recognized by the US Preventive Services Task Force as an evidence-based preventive intervention for postpartum depression (PPD) that should be recommended to pregnant women at risk for PPD.

OBJECTIVE

This report examines the feasibility and acceptability of enhancing the MB 1-on-1 intervention by adding 36 SMS text messages that target 3 areas: reinforcement of skills, between-session homework reminders, and responding to self-monitoring texts (ie, MB Plus Text Messaging [MB-TXT]).

METHODS

In partnership with 9 home visiting programs, 28 ethnically and racially diverse pregnant women (mean 25.6, SD 9.0 weeks) received MB-TXT. Feasibility was defined by home visitors’ adherence to logging into the HealthySMS platform to enter session data and trigger SMS text messages within 7 days of the in-person session. The acceptability of MB-TXT was measured by participants’ usefulness and understanding ratings of the SMS text messages and responses to the self-monitoring SMS text messages.

RESULTS

On average, home visitors followed the study protocol and entered session-specific data between 5.50 and 61.17 days following the MB 1-on-1 sessions. A high proportion of participants responded to self-monitoring texts (25/28, 89%) and rated the text message content as very useful and understandable.

CONCLUSIONS

This report contributes to a growing body of research focusing on digital adaptations of the MB course. SMS is a low-cost, accessible digital tool that can be integrated into existing interventions. With appropriate resources to support staff, it can be implemented in community-based organizations and health care systems that serve women at risk for PPD.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03420755; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03420755
QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH: REGULATORY NEED, CURRENT, AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: RAJORA AAYUSHI , CHHABRA GURMEET
Published: June 2021

Quality by design (QbD) is utilized in the event of pharmaceutical processes to create certain predefined product quality. QbD ideas unit of measurement explained in International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) pointers Q8 (R1) (Pharmaceutical development), Q9 (Quality risk management [QRM]), and Q10 (Pharmaceutical quality system). ICH Q8 (R1) guideline defines QbD as “a systematic approach to develop that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and methodology, understanding, and methodology management, supported sound science and QRM.” QbD approach studied the implications of various input variables (e.g. methodology parameters, and materials) of the merchandise development methodology, on the final word product (active pharmaceutical ingredient or drug product). The late QbD approach integrates the principles of QRM, and methodology analytical technology (PAT). QbD combined with methodology analytical technology (PAT) tools modify methodology management and increase assurance that the merchandise quality attributes unit of measurement achieved consistently. An integrated and risk-based approach for review of the merchandise development methodology is also a future need of the QbD plan. Although implementing the QbD approach is not a restrictive demand, restrictive agencies to supply flexibility in their pointers for producing that unit of measurement developed by the QbD approach. Rising trends embody the growing interest in quantifying and managing the impact of raw materials’ attributes variability of methodology and product, what is more, as a result of the event of retrospective QbD approaches in complement to simple QbD. Thus, the QbD approach is also a tool for developing worth effective and quality pharmaceutical products.
INVESTIGATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND CYTOTOXICITY ON HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS OF PLUCHEA INDICA (L.) LESS. LEAVES EXTRACT AND DEVELOPMENT TO MICROEMULSION FOR SKIN COSMETIC PRODUCT
Authors: K ITSARASOOK , P PROMPAMORN , J TANGHIRANRAT , T PANICHAKUL
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity on normal human skin fibroblasts of Pluchea indica (L.) Less. leaves extract and to prepare the extract into microemulsions for application in skin cosmetic ingredient.

Methods: The total phenolics and total flavonoids content in ethanolic (30%, 70%, and 95% ethanol) and aqueous extracts of P. indica leaves were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu assay and aluminum chloride method. The quantification of 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in the extracts was determined by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method. The antioxidant activity of extracts was examined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The cytotoxicity on human fibroblast cell was tested by sulforhodamine B assay. The oil in water microemulsion was prepared by pseudoternary phase diagram. The characterization of prepared-microemulsion including morphology, particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI) was studied and the physicochemical stability of microemulsions was evaluated.

Results: All P. indica leaves extracts contain a phenolic, flavonoid, and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid contents. The 70% ethanolic extract possessed higher the antioxidant activities than 30% ethanolic, aqueous, and 95% ethanolic extracts, respectively, followed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assay. Thus, the 70% ethanolic extract was selected to develop in skin cosmetic. The 70% ethanolic extract had not cytotoxicity on dermal human skin fibroblasts cell. The microemulsion loaded extract provided a mean particle size of 24.397±1.20 nm with minimum PDI of 0.397±0.05 which shown a spherical shape. The microemulsion loaded extract showed a good stability.

Conclusion: From all results, it has concluded that the 70% ethanolic extract of P. indica leaves contain phenolic, flavonoid, and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid contents which possessed DPPH, ABTS+, and FRAP activities. In addition, this extract had no cytotoxic to normal human skin fibroblasts. Finally, the microemulsion loaded extract showed a good characterization and physicochemical stability.
ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MIRABILIS JALAPA LINN IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Authors: C SENTHIL KUMARI , KESAVELU DHANASEKHAR
Published: June 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicological potential of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa linn through acute and subacute toxicity studies in albino Wistar rats.

Methods: For acute toxicity studies, the ethanolic extract of M. jalapa was given up to 2000 mg/kg and then the animals were observed for 14 days to find out any adverse effect or death. For sub-acute toxicity studies, the exact was given for 28 days and the following parameters were observed such as changes in body weight, food intake, water intake, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, lipid profile, urine analysis, and histopathological studies were undertaken.

Results: Single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract of M. jalapa produced no mortality or signs of toxicity. During subacute toxicity there were no changes in body weight, food intake and water intake were observed. There were no changes in lipid profile, hematological parameters, and biochemical parameters. In histopathological changes, there were no structural changes in treated groups when compared to control.

Conclusion: The leaves of ethanolic extract of M. jalapa is safe when administered for 28 days.

There were no deaths or signs of toxicity in treated rats during acute toxicity studies and subacute toxicity studies.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF AERIAL PARTS OF AVICENNIA ALBA PLANT METHANOLIC EXTRACT AGAINST HELA AND MCF-7 CELL LINES
Authors: MICHAEL RA ZERUBABEL
Published: June 2021

Objective: The current study emphasizes the effects of stem and leaf methanolic extract of mangrove plant Avicennia alba on human tumor cell lines HeLa and MCF-7.

Method: The collected mangrove plant sample was subjected to extraction with methanol and screened for anticancer activity according to 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method. The ability of the plant extract to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines procured from NCCS Pune was compared parallel to inhibitory effect of standard drug Cisplatin. The spectrophotometric optical densities obtained were plotted on graph and consecutive data were obtained to depict the inhibitory effect and IC50 values. The histopathology studies were also done for a clear insight to understand the depth of inhibition microscopically.

Results: The MTT assay performed illustrates the plant samples with different concentrations (10, 20, 25, 30, and 50 μg) showed significant inhibitory effect on comparison with the standard drug Cisplatin. The IC50 values and the inhibitory OD values elucidate effective projection of plant as a potential source of anticancer activity based on comparative study. The histopathology studies revealed an insight to a clearer picture of how the cells growth was controlled. It was found that the methanolic extract of A. alba exhibited more activity against HeLa cell lines than MCF-7 cell lines.

Conclusion: The synergistic effect of various phytochemicals present in the methanolic plant extract played a significant role in establishing the plant as a significant anticancer source.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INCIDENCE RATES AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF CATHETER-ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT VERSUS NON-INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: JOB MICAH , MONACHAN MOBISHA , SCARIA RESMI , BABU MERLIN
Published: June 2021

Objective: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) is the most common HAI which leads to increased hospital stay and morbidity. The study aimed to compare the incidence rates of CAUTI per 1000 catheter days and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern between intensive care unit (ICU) and non ICU and to determine predisposing risk factors, indications, and outcomes of CAUTI.

Methods: A comparative observational study was conducted in ICU and non ICU for a period of 6 months. The sample size of the study was 120. The data were collected, analyzed in terms of both inferential and descriptive statistics.

Results: The incidence rate per thousand catheter days in non ICU was more as compared to ICU. The significant risk factors associated with CAUTI were the duration of catheterization and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The majority of the patients were catheterized for indications such as critically ill and unconsciousness followed by measurement of urine output. The outcomes of CAUTI were increased duration of hospitalization and recovery of patients. All the Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates from non ICU were sensitive to piperacillin + tazobactam and meropenem. All the isolates from ICU and non ICU were resistant to co-trimoxazole.

Conclusion: The urinary catheter is an essential part of modern medical care. Unfortunately, when used inappropriately or when left in place for too long, it is a hazard to the patient. This study helps to prevent indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics which contribute to emerging of drug resistance strains.
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ALKALOID 3,5-bis(4,4’’-dimethoxy- [1,1’:2’,1’’-terphenyl]-4’-yl)-4H-pyrazole-4,4-diol FROM DERRIS INDICA (LAM) BENNETT SEEDS
Authors: TABASSUM NUZHAT , G. M. VIDYASAGAR , D RAGHUNANDAN , I SHIVAKUMAR
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to isolate an antifungal compound from Derris indica (Lam) Bennett seed oil with various solvents and evaluation of its antifungal activity against the clinical species of Candida.

Methods: D. indica seed hexane extract was tested against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans and Candida albicans. Hexane extract was fractioned using different solvents through column chromatography (CC). Isolated compound D1 was identified and characterized using ultraviolet, Fourier-transform infrared, 1HNMR, and mass spectroscopy. In vitro evaluation of D1 carried out against 12 Candida strains. In vivo evaluation of D1 carried out against T. rubrum, T. tonsurans, and C. albicans using an excision wound healing model on male Wistar rats.

Results: Different concentrations of hexane extract showed antimicrobial activity against tested microorganism with varying minimum inhibitory concentration values. On fractionation with hexane-petroleum ether through CC, it yielded a crystalline fraction. Compound D1 characterized as a 3,5-bis (4,4’’-dimethoxy-[1,1’: 2’,1’’-terphenyl]-4’-yl)-4H-pyrazole-4,4-diol. A novel alkaloid compound from D. indica is a new report and proved to be inhibitory against C. albicans MTCC 3017 (14.83±0.28), MTCC 1637 (16.0±0.0), Candida glabrata MTCC 3814 (16.83±0.28) and MTCC 3014 (16.66±0.57), Candida tropicalis MTCC 230 (20.0±0.0), MTCC 1406 (12.33±0.57). C. glabrata MTCC 3981 was found to be resistant to the compound. In vivo studies showed no visual symptoms at the end of treatment indicating the therapeutic property of the compound.

Conclusion: The D1 was found to be effective against human fungal pathogens and can be used as a base molecule in designing new antifungal drugs.
COMPARISON OF PROGRESSION OF SPONTANEOUS VERSUS INDUCED LABOR IN PRIMI AND MULTIPAROUS WOMEN
Authors: MADAN ANITA , SHARMA SUJATA , YEDLA YASHASVINI , KAUR JAGDEEP
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to compare progression of spontaneous versus induced labor in primigravida and multigravida women.

Methods: Pregnant women admitted in Labor room of Bebe Nanaki mother and Child Care Centre, Amritsar during April 2019–March 2020 were selected for this study. A total of 200 pregnant women were selected and divided into two groups. Women in group A were induced while in group B were women with spontaneous onset of labor. Labor progression in both was compared.

Results: In group A, the mean duration of the active phase in primigravida was 4.08±2.30 h and in multigravida was 4.02±2.20 h. In group B, the mean duration of active phase in primigravidas was 7.24±1.39 h and in multigravidas was 6.48±1.40 h. In group A, the mean duration of the second stage in a primigravida was 25.5±8.15 min and in a multigravida was 17.38±9.95 min. In group B, the mean duration of the second stage in a primigravida was 41.3±9.6 min, while in a multigravida was 22.72±6.2 h.

Discussion: The mean duration of active phase in group A in the primigravida and multigravida was almost similar, showing that induction does not have any effect on the duration of active phase. The mean duration of the second stage of group A in primigravida was 25 min and multipara was 17 min showing that induction reduces the duration of the second stage.

Conclusion: Induction of labor when done at the right gestational age for correct indication is beneficial to women as it reduces the complications caused due to the continuation of high-risk pregnancies.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A NOVEL TIME AND PH-DEPENDENT COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY OF ORNIDAZOLE
Authors: M SUSHMA , S PAVANI
Published: June 2021

Objective: The anti-amoebic drug Ornidazole was developed in this study as a novel colon-specific drug delivery method for the treatment of colonic diseases such as diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel syndrome, and Crohn’s disease. Pectin forms a matrix with a pH-sensitive polymeric coating that prevents drug release in the upper gastrointestinal tract, thereby addressing solubility issues. Pectin is sometimes used as an adsorbent, bulk-forming agent.

Methods: Ornidazole-containing core tablets were directly compressed. Ornidazole compression coated tablets were formulated with varying polymer proportions in the coat. All the tablets were studied for weight uniformity, hardness, friability, drug content, and in vitro dissolution tests

Results: All formulations demonstrated good Fourier-transform infrared compliance and no interaction between drug, polymer, and other excipients. The study’s findings show that the formulation F6 coated with Eudragit RS 100 had a drug release of 99.230.8 for 24 h.

Conclusion: As a result, (F6) is regarded as the optimal formulation. The pH in the colon causes the release of Ornidazole from tablets.
STUDY ON EFFECT OF QUADRICEPS MUSCLE RESISTANCE TRAINING ON CARDIORESPIRATORY PARAMETERS IN YOUNG HEALTHY FEMALES
Authors: KALE SUDEEP , Y MANDSAURWALA MUNIRA , DEO MEDHA
Published: June 2021

Objective: The objectives of the study were to determine and compare acute changes in the cardiorespiratory parameters in young, healthy females in response to 3 weeks resistive exercises to quadriceps muscle using DeLorme’s and MacQueen’s protocol.

Methods: The study was carried in 30 young, healthy females aged 18–25 years. Resting blood pressure measured in systole blood pressure (SBP), blood pressure measured in diastole diastolic blood pressure (DBP), respiratory rate (RR), and heart rate (HR) were measured. Subjects were then divided randomly into two groups containing 15 subjects in each group. Ten repetition maximum was measured for each subject. Group A subjects were given resistive exercises for the quadriceps muscle bilaterally using DeLorme’s protocol and Group B subjects were given training with MacQueen’s protocol. In both groups, training was given thrice a week for 3 weeks.

Results: SBP, HR, and RR showed significant statistical differences after 3 weeks of PRE using DeLorme’s protocol; however, DBP changes were non-significant. SBP, HR, RR, and DBP showed significant statistical difference after 3 weeks of PRE using MacQueen’s protocol. In a comparison of DeLorme’s protocol and MacQueen’s protocol, a significant statistical difference in parameters of SBP and HR was observed. Improvement was more in subjects trained with MacQueen’s protocol.

Conclusion: The resistive training has beneficial effects on HR, systolic SBP, and RR. MacQueen protocol is more effective than DeLorme’s protocol. Hence, resistive training should be included in an exercise program.
PLACENTA ACCRETA IN PRIMIGRAVIDA AT PERIPHERAL SETUP – A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: CHOUREY NIRAJ , RN HIREMATH , YADAV MANPAL SINGH , GHODKE SANDHYA , DOBI SHARVAN
Published: June 2021

One of the risk factors for maternal mortality is morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) and accounts for 7–10% of maternal mortality cases worldwide. Placenta accreta is the most common type of MAP, while the other two types are placenta increta and placenta percreta. Placenta accrete accounts for 75–80% of MAP. Here, we present a case of 22 years old, primigravida with no known antenatal risk factors, diagnosed to have placenta accreta intraoperatively after delivering health baby. It is extremely rare for MAP to occur in a patient with no prior risk factors in a primigravida. Peripartum hysterectomy is the only option in a limited care facility with a hemodynamically unstable patient without a proper full-fledged blood bank facility. It is once again reiterated that bleeding from the vagina that does not slow or stop, drop in blood pressure and signs of shock are early signs of blood loss and should be investigated with great concern.
Inhibición, la causa del sufrimiento según Abhinavagupta
Authors: Figueroa Óscar
Published: June 2021

Este artículo estudia la respuesta de Abhinavagupta (siglo XI de nuestra era), uno de los pensadores más originales e importantes de la India clásica, a uno de los temas centrales del pensamiento filosófico y religioso de esa cultura: el sufrimiento. Con ese fin, a manera de contextualización, se revisan primero los ideales que enmarcan el problema del sufrimiento en la tradición canónica india, notablemente las categorías dicotómicas pureza-impureza, y a continuación se resume la crítica a dichos valores emprendida por el movimiento religioso marginal conocido como Tantra, al que perteneció, en sus fases más tardías, el propio Abhinavagupta. El análisis de la respuesta específica de Abhinavagupta presta particular atención al concepto de “inhibición” (sánscrito, śaṅkā) con base en pasajes clave de su magnum opus, el Tantrāloka, así como del Parātrīśikā-Vivaraṇa, otro importante texto suyo, traducidos por primera vez al español directamente del sánscrito. Como muestro, de este análisis se desprende una inusual vindicación del orden finito, el plano del sufrimiento, a condición de que éste sea vivido sin inhibiciones ni dudas, es decir, como la manifestación de una misma conciencia en todas las cosas, incluida la experiencia de lo atroz y lo terrible, y más aún donde no tienen cabida diferencias como puro-impuro, superior-inferior, liberación-esclavitud.
NOTAS SOBRE ÉTICA E PSICOLOGIA DO TRÂNSITO: articulações ético-profissional no processo de avaliação psicológica
Authors: Santos Luanara da Silva dos , Hesper Yasmim Regiane , Silva Jean Paulo da , Sachetti Virginia Azevedo Reis
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to identify the instruments used to assess stress in children and/or adolescents in research in the field of psychology, published in Brazil in portuguese, between the years 2009 and 2019. The searches were carried out in the Scielo, Redalyc and BVS Brasil databases using the terms stress AND criança OR adolescente. After selection and screening, 16 articles met the inclusion criteria in the sample. There was a predominance of the use of the Escala de Stress Infantil (ESI) for assessment in children, while for assessment in adolescents the instruments were varied. The hospital and school were the main fields of use of the instruments, with sport practice, basic health care and public social assistance policy. The assessment of stress in children and adolescents is an important challenge in professional practice and the systematization of evaluation procedures can contribute to more effective and responsible intervention processes.
Gasprinsky`s new teaching method
Authors:   F. Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University, Kerimov Ismail A. ,   Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the issue of the new methodology “Usul-i- jedit” (“New methods of teaching reading and writing”), developed by I. Gasprinsky at the very beginning of 1880 in the Crimean Tatar primary schools. It traces the spread of “Usul-i-jedit” in Muslim schools of Volga region, Caucasus, Central Asia, Turkey, Iran, India and other regions. It shows how the reforms of the educational system of that time influenced to dynamics and quality of the education. Based on little-known sources, Gasprinsky`s personal contribution to the development of the educational process in Muslim countries is reflected.
Turkestan educators and Ismail Gasprinsky (Based on the materials of the Bakhchisarai Museum-Reserve and the newspaper «Terdzhiman»)
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Seitmemetova Selvina A. ,   Bakhchisarai historical, cultural and archaeological museum-preserve
Published: June 2021

Based on the materials of the newspaper “Terzhiman” and books with gift inscriptions stored in the funds of the Bakhchisarai historical, cultural and archaeological museum-preserve, the closest circle of Turkestan acquaintances, like-minded people and associates of the famous all-Turkic educator, editor, and publisher Ismail Bey Gasprinsky (1851–1914) is considered. The article reveals the role of the educator in the formation of the national periodical press, new-fashioned educational literature and the dissemination of the Jadid education system in the territory of Turkestan. Through the editorial notes of the newspaper “Terzhiman”, books and periodicals lost from the personal collection of I. Gasprinsky were identified. His personal and creative contacts with prominent Turkestan teachers, publishers and public figures are considered, such as: M. Behbudi, K. Khalidi, A. Shakuri, A. Avloni, M. Kary, etc.
The summary of the Crimea`s history from its origins, under the Abbasids, to Mengli Geray (870/1465). Part 1
Authors:   F. Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University, Abduzhemilev Refat R. ,   Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2021

Recently, a new source on the history of Crimean Khanate and the Golden Horde has received open access for the scientific world. The digitized manuscript is dated 1701 and has the title “Résumé de l’histoire de Crimée” des origines, sous les Abbassides, à Mengli Giray (870/1465) (“The summary of the Crimea’s history” from its origins, under the Abbasids, to Mengli Geray, 870/1465). The location of the manuscript is the University Library of Languages ​​and Civilizations (Bibliothèque universitaire des langues et civilizations). The source is presented in the collection of the Ottoman Turkish manuscripts (Fonds de manuscrits turcs ottomans) under the code MS.TURC.110g.
Mary Holderness. Notes relating to the Manners and Customs of the Crim Tatars. Written during the four years` residence among that people
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Alieva Arzy Yu.
Published: June 2021

This translation is based on the work “Notes Relating to the Manners and Customs of the Crim Tartars…” by the English traveler Mary Holderness. This work was published in London in 1821. It contains detailed information about the way of life of the Crimean Tatars, among whom Mary Holderness lived for four years in the village of Karagoz (Karagoss, at present the village of Pervomayskoye, Kirovsky district of the Crimea) since 1816 to 1820. The work is based on the author’s personal testimonies about the conduct of marriage, funeral and many other ceremonies of the Crimean Tatars: their customs, traditions, methods of housekeeping and education, especially intra-family relations. In her notes, Mary Holderness describes the development of women’s handicrafts and leather production. The author notes that all the Crimean footwear production was made in Bakhchisarai and Karasubazar, and subsequently sent to other Crimean cities. The author provides information on the development of sheep breeding among the Crimean Tatars. Lamb skins, after appropriate processing, were highly valued and exported to Moscow. Jewelry production was also well developed. Various jewelry decorations were made by them: jewelry made of silver, glass, brass, lead, as well as gold with colored stones. The significance of work lies in the fact that it provided the modern reader with the opportunity to get acquainted with the way of life and customs of the Crimean Tatars of the period described. An abundance of background information: food prices, Russian equivalents of British measures, indication of the distance between settlements make it possible to assess the standard of living of the Crimean Tatar people in the period under review.
Effect of probiotic supplement feed on the foraging activity of Indian honeybee (Apis cerana indica F.)
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore - 641 003, India, Padma-Shree I. , Roseleen S.S.J. ,   Department of Plant Protection, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Tiruchirappalli – 620 027, India, Justin C.G.L. ,   Department of Plant Protection, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Tiruchirappalli – 620 027, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: To investigate the effect of probiotic supplement feed on the foraging behaviour Indian honeybee colonies to resolve the excessive usage of antibiotics. Methodology: The effect of sugar syrup feed (Untreated hives) and sugar syrup + probiotic supplement feed @ 10 ml 100 ml-1 syrup (Treated hives) on Indian honeybees was tested. The foraging activity and foraging rate were recorded and subjected to paired t- test analysis. Results: The present observation showed a significant difference in the foraging rate between the colonies fed with sugar syrup + probiotic supplement (2.33 ± 0.11 min-1) than the colonies that received sugar syrup alone (1.35 ± 0.06 min-1). The highest foraging rate (2.80 ± 0.39 min-1) was recorded in treated hives. Interpretation: The experiment revealed that the brood development was directly proportional to brood pheromone levels, which positively affects the foragers, consequently foraging rate and honey production. Thus, the probiotic supplement feeding may influence the foraging behaviour of honeybee colonies.
Influence of elevated temperature on the fitness of Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in cauliflower
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India, Haripriya K. , Kennedy J.S. ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India, Geethalakshmi V. ,   Agro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India, Rajabaskar D. ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: To understand the effect of elevated temperature on the bionomics and fitness parameters of Plutella xylostella which would help in predicting the population growth rates and formulating appropriate management tactics. Methodology: In the present investigation, the fitness parameters of diamondback moth were studied at six different temperatures (31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36°C) in cauliflower in Open Top Chambers. Observations were recorded on the survival, longevity and fecundity at daily interval. The raw data on bionomics and life table parameters were analyzed using TWO-SEX- MS chart. Results: The total life cycle of P. xylostella was longer at 31°C and it declined with increasing temperatures. However, P. xylostella did not complete its development at 35 and 36 °C. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) increased from 0.22 at 31°C to 0.28 at elevated temperature of 34°C. Temperature also had a significant effect on the net reproductive rate (R0), Gross Reproductive Rate (GRR) and finite rate of increase (λ). Interpretation: The fitness parameters will help to predict the change that occur in P. xylostella population due to climate change and global warming.
Estimation of carbon footprint in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
Authors:   Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Collage & Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore-641 003, India, Karishma C.G. , Kottiswaran S.V. ,   Agricultural Engineering Collage & Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore-641 003, India, Balasubramanian A. ,   Department of Silviculture, Forest College and Research Institute (FC&RI), Mettupalayam-641 301, India, Kannan B. ,   Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Collage & Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore-641 003, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: A study was conducted in the Eastern block of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to estimate the carbon footprint from various sources comprising of transport, human population, diesel generator and electricity use. Methodology: The data were collected based on the questionnaire developed. Empirical equations were used for computation and data were statistically analysed. Results: Carbon footprint analysis in the selected buildings revealed that, the equivalent carbon emission from power, diesel generators, human population and transport were 291, 14.17, 78.72 and 36.43 tonnes per year, respectively. It was inferred that emission from power use was greater in comparison with emission from transport, human population and dieselgenerators. Interpretation: For a diversified source of emission in a university, reduction in anthropogenic emissions can be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, i.e., through carbon sequestration and switching to low-carbon energy sources.
Host-specific influence on early growth and physiological attributes of sandal (Santalum album) grown in farmlands
Authors:   Department of Silviculture & Natural Resource Management, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam – 641 301, India, Balasubramanian A. , Hari Prasath C.N. ,   Department of Silviculture & Natural Resource Management, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam – 641 301, India, Radhakrishnan S. ,   Department of Silviculture & Natural Resource Management, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam – 641 301, India, Sivaprakash M. ,   Department of Silviculture & Natural Resource Management, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam – 641 301, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the host- specific compatibility of sandal (Santalum album) for better root proliferation and boosting the growth of tree. Methodology: Sandal (Santalum album) was grown with 8 different leguminous and non-leguminous species at early stage to evaluate its biometric growth (height and basal diameter) and physiological (chlorophyll, photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate) performance under field conditions. Results: Sandal grown with Sesbania grandiflora recorded highest biometric observations, chlorophyll, photosynthesis and transpiration rate followed by Sandal + Albizia lebbeck and sandal + Casuarina junghuhniana. The sandal grown with leguminous host showed superior growth performance than sandal grown with non-leguminous host. Interpretation: The present study recommended that Sesbania grandiflora can be grown as transit host for boosting the growth of sandal.
Studies on population dynamics of major pests of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb
Authors:   Department of Silviculture and NRM, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam-641 301, India, Manimaran V. , Suganthy M. ,   Department of Silviculture and NRM, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam-641 301, India, Balasubramanian A. ,   Department of Silviculture and NRM, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam-641 301, India, Pretheepkumar P. ,   National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban-622 303, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: To study the peak period of incidence of major pest of Ailanthus excelsa. Methodology: Seasonal abundance of major insect pests of A. excelsa viz., ailanthus defoliator and ailanthus webworm were studied in 5-year-old plantation at Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam from April, 2018 to March, 2019. Weekly observations were made on the abundance of major insect and pest population which were correlated with weekly weather parameters. Results: Monitoring the population dynamics of insect pests revealed that the major key pests were ailanthus defoliator and webworm. The highest number of ailanthus defoliator (38.00 larvae per tree) and webworm (33.90 larvae per tree) were recorded during 44th standard week in 5-year-old plantation. Correlation analysis revealed that maximum temperature (Tmax) was negatively correlated with ailanthus defoliator with the r value of -0.299. Regarding webworm, wind velocity and evaporation rate were negatively correlated with the r value of -0.412 and -0.361 and was found to be statistically significant at 1% level. Interpretation: Seasonal abundance of this information helps us to take decision for the management of A. excelsa pests.
Biomolecular characterization and efficacy evaluation of pathogen Erwinia tracheiphila against plant oils
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Gajapati- 761 211, India, Pattanayak S. , Biswal G. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003, India, Das S. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Gajapati- 761 211, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: To investigate patho-dyanamics of Erwinia tracheiphila on Cucurbita pepo with biochemical, molecular characterization and eco-friendly management approaches. Methodology: Variability study of Erwinia tracheiphila was done by collecting the isolates from different places in Odisha. Disease severity was calculated and analyzed from 2016-18 to predict trend of emergence and disease progress. Molecular detection of pathogen was done through 16S rRNA sequencing. Biochemical characterization and identification of pathogenic nature of Erwinia tracheiphila was performed through Ortho-Nitrophenyl β-Galactoside, Esculin hydrolysis, Citrate and Malonate utilization in the presence of different carbohydrate molecules. Efficacy of eight different plant oils were tested by in-vitro inhibition zone (IVIZ) assay against Erwinia tracheiphila as eco-friendly management approaches. Results: Analysis of disease severity data from 2016-18 ranged between 29% to 33%. Molecular detection of causal pathogen was further confirmed by 16S rRNA region sequencing with 99% identity of NCBI-GenBank published Erwinia tracheiphila (MK356446 and MK356441) database and phylogenetic analysis. The results of IVIZT revealed that the clove oil treatment showed maximum inhibitory effect on the growth of Erwinia tracheiphila followed by mustard oil and neem oil. Sesamum oil showed the lowest efficacy against Erwinia tracheiphila. Optimum temperature range between 25-28°C, 80-85% relative humidity and 150-180 mm average rainfall triggered the disease progress and turned to be a severe one under experimental agro-climatic situation. Interpretation: Biochemical characterization and molecular detection of causal isolate confirmed the pathogen as Erwinia tracheiphila, causing wilt disease of Cucurbita pepo. This study also revealed the potential efficacy of clove oil and mustard oil against Erwinia tracheiphila as compared to other selected plant oils.
Influence of Ascophyllum nodosum extract, homobrassinolide and triacontanol on fruit retention, yield and quality of mango
Authors:   Department of Fruit Science and Horticulture Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003, India, Dash A. , Samant D. ,   ICAR-IIHR- Central Horticultural Experiment Station, Bhubaneswar-751 019, India, Dash D.K. ,   Department of Fruit Science and Horticulture Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003, India, Dash S.N. ,   Department of Fruit Science and Horticulture Technology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003, India, Mishra K.N. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003, India
Published: June 2021

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract, homobrassinolide, and triacontanol for improving fruit retention, yield, and quality in mango. Methodology: The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 10 treatments, comprising Ascophyllum nodosum extract (1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm), homobrassinolide (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 ppm), triacontanol (1, 3, and 5 ppm), and water as control. Treatments were foliar sprayed at panicle initiation, pea, and marble stages of fruit growth. Observations were recorded on flowering, fruiting, yield, and fruit quality parameters. Results: All the treatments of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and triacontanol exhibited significant improvement in fruit retention, fruit weight, yield, and fruit quality parameters over control. However, 3000 and 5000 ppm Ascophyllum nodosum extract treatments outperformed all the treatments of triacontanol. Plants sprayed with 5000 ppm Ascophyllum nodosum extract recorded the maximum value for fruit retention (48.15, 36.74, 29.48, and 25.76% at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after pea stage, respectively), number of fruits (133.25 per tree), fruit weight (188.84 g per fruit), and yield (25.16 kg per tree), whereas the lowest values were recorded under control. With respect to fruit quality, 3000 ppm ANE produced the fruits with the highest TSS (19.62 °B), whereas the highest TSS/acid ratio was recorded with 5000 ppm ANE (62.29) treatment. Interpretation: In mango, foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (3000-5000 ppm) thrice at panicle initiation, pea, and marble stages of fruit growth is effective for reducing fruit drop and enhancing quantum and quality of produce.