bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetic Patients' Foot Problems And Determination Footwear Preference
Authors: GÜZEL Selda , SOFUOĞLU Hicret Zeynep
Published: December 2021

Sağlık alanında yapılan çalışmalar, insanlığa katkı sağlamak ve bireylerin yaşam kalitelerini artırmak için önemli bir çalışma alanıdır. Bu çalışma alanı yalnızca tıp sahasında değil, elektrik-elektronik, bilgisayar, yazılım vb. alanlarda
da gerçekleştirilmektedir. Moda ve tekstil alanı da sağlık sektörüne önemli çalışmalarla katkı sağlamaktadır. Günümüzde diyabet gittikçe artış gösteren kronik bir hastalıktır. Diyabete bağlı ayak problemleri ise oldukça hassas
ve özen gösterilmesi gereken bir sağlık sorunudur. Dolayısıyla ayakkabı seçimi de bu gruptaki hastalar için son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışma ile diyabetik ayak problemi yaşayan hastaların ayakkabı ile ilgili tercihlerin ve problemlerin
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri 10’u kadın, 20’si erkek toplam 30 örneklem grubuna uygulanan anket formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların bir bölümü diyabetik ayakkabıyı daha önce duymamışlardır ve buna
bağlı olarak diyabetik ayakkabı kullanım oranı düşük çıkmıştır. Katılımcıların, günlük kullandıkları ayakkabılarda, olması gereken bazı önemli özelliklerin bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Tercih ettikleri ayakkabılarda estetikten
önce rahatlık, konfor ve ayağa uyumu ön planda tuttukları sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca günlük yaşamda ayakkabı kullanmak durumunda kalsalar bile ayaklarının terlikle çok daha rahat ettiklerini belirtmiş olmaları, piyasada bulunan
ayakkabıların diyabet hastalarının kullanımına çok uygun olmadığını göstermektedir.
Privacy Or Fashion: Modest Fashion as A Form of Rhetoric Conciliation
Authors: OKUTAN Birsen Banu
Published: December 2021

Sosyal aktörün hayatını şekillendiren bilişsel haritada birbirine dönüşmeyen, dönüştüğünde birinin anlamının yok olacağı plastik ve otonom kavramlar farklı davranış biçimleri oluştururlar. Din sosyolojisi sınırları içinde yer alan
bu çalışmanın temel argümanı, plastik bir kavram olan modanın otonom karakterdeki mahremiyet ile yan yana gelemeyeceği varsayımı üzerinden “mahremiyet ve moda” yerine “mahremiyet veya moda” tanımlamasını vurgulamakta, modanın mahremiyet
alanlarını istila ettiğini ve muhafazakârların da retorik yatıştırmaları ile ikna olduğunu savunmaktadır. Bu iddiayı test etmek adına makalede öncelikle plastik modanın, otonom mahremiyetle çatıştığı temel noktalar gösterilecek
ardından ikna sürecinin endüstriyel bir çıktısı olan GAYA dergisi aracığıyla mütevazı moda endüstrisinin serencamı tartışılacaktır.
Majnun Taken by His Father to The Ka'bah: Iconographic Analysis of The Miniatures of a Story from Khamseh of Nizami
Authors: KAYA Gülsen TEZCAN
Published: December 2021

Türk-İslam dünyasında kitap resimleme geleneğine bakıldığında, bazı edebî eserlerin daha çok ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Bunlar arasında hamse türünün kurucusu olarak kendisinden sonra gelen birçok şaire rehberlik eden Nizamî Gencevî’nin
Hamsesi ilk sırada yer alır. Eserin yazıldığı dönemde çok sevilmesi, sürekli kopya edilerek çoğaltılması ve kitap resimleme geleneğinin başladığı en erken yüzyıllardan itibaren neredeyse bütün saraylarda resimli nüshalarının hazırlanması
bu esere ayrı bir önem katar. Hamse’nin 3. Mesnevisi olan ve 584 (1188) yılında Şirvanşah Celâlüddevle Ahsitân’ın isteği üzerine dört aydan kısa bir sürede Farsça kaleme alınan Leylâ ile Mecnûn Mesnevisi’nden “Babasının Mecnûn’u
Kâbe’ye Götürmesi” hikâyesinin tasvirleri, bu araştırmanın ana konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Şahruh, Baysungur, Muhammed Cuki, eşi İsmet el-Dünya, Şah İsmail, Şah Tahmasp, Ebülgazi Bahadır Han gibi önemli sanat hamilerinin himayesinde
gerçekleştirilen resimli el yazması üretimi, bütün İslam coğrafyasında Nizamî Hamsesi’nin ne kadar çok sevildiğini gösterir. Aralarında Berlin Staatliche Museen, Dublin Chester Beatty Library, İstanbul Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Kütüphanesi,
St. Petersburg Hermitage Müzesi, Londra British Museum, Londra Royal Asiatic Society, Walters Art Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art gibi önemli müze ve kütüphanelerdeki elyazmalarında bulunan, bu hikâye ile ilgili resimler seçilerek,
ikonografisi üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, bulunabilen en erken örnekler 1420 tarihinden başlayıp, 17.yüzyıl ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Timurlular, Safevîler, Türkmenler, Özbekler gibi önemli hanedanlıkların kitabhanelerinde,
Şiraz, Herat, Tebriz, Kazvin, Buhara üsluplarında betimlenen bu resimler, ikonografinin nasıl bir gelişim gösterdiği hakkında bilgi verir. Aynı konunun kompozisyondaki bazı değişikliklerle birlikte, Nizamî Hamse’si dışında Falnâme,
Mecalis’ül-Uşak gibi başka eserlerde de kalıp olarak kullanılması, geleneksel tasvir sanatının sürekliliğinin belirlenmesi bağlamında da büyük önem taşır.
Black Women And Religion in The Grip of Intersectionality in The Bluest Eye
Authors: DURMUŞ Necmiye
Published: December 2021

Tarih boyunca cinsiyet, insanların toplumsal pozisyonlarını belirleyen en önemli etmenlerden biri olagelmiştir. Kadınlar, erkeklerin gerisinde konumlandırılmış, üzerlerinde baskı uygulanarak ezilmişlerdir. Cinsiyet unsuruna ırk faktörü
eklendiğinde ise özellikle siyahi kadınlar iki kez mağduriyete uğramakta ve toplumsal açıdan erkeklerin iki kat gerisinde kalmaktadırlar. Toni Morrison, siyahi bir kadın yazar olarak kadınların uğradığı bu çoklu ezilmişlik durumuna
romanlarında ışık tutmaktadır. Yazarın, En Mavi Göz adlı romanı ise bu yansımanın örneklerinden biridir. Bu çalışma, En Mavi Göz’deki karakterleri ve motifleri kesişimsellik teorisinin merceğiyle inceleyerek sosyolojik bir bakış
açısı geliştirmeye çalışmaktadır. Hipotetik olarak ilgili romanın, toplumsal cinsiyet, ırk ve güzellik algısının kesişimselliği ile siyahi kadınların uğradığı çoklu ezilmişlik durumunu yansıttığı savlanmakta ve dinin bu kesişimsellik
kıskacında ne tür bir rol ifa ettiği sorgulanmaktadır. İnceleme sonucunda; romandaki siyahi karakterlerin kadınlık deneyimlerinin kesişimsellik kuramının iddialarıyla uyumlu olduğu, kadınların farklı açılardan baskı altında kaldıkları
ve din olgusunun etken bir unsur olarak kesişimselliğin tahakkümü karşısında bir sığınak işlevi gördüğü bulgulanmıştır.
The Prophet Muhammad and The Sociological Dimension of His Message (An Analyse In The Context of Elite Theory)
Authors: AKKUŞ Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Bir yönüyle statik bir görünüm arz eden toplumlar, diğer yönüyle dinamik bir karakter sergiler ve zamanla az ya da çok değişime uğrar. Toplumsal yapı içerisinde önemli bir konuma sahip olan din, bu değişimin yönü ve ivmesi açısından
da son derece önemli bir unsur olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda İslam Dini de ortaya çıktığı toplumda meydana getirmiş olduğu değişim ile dünya tarihi açısından önemli bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. İnsanlık tarihi bir bakıma
toplumlara yön veren seçkinlerin tarihi olarak görülmektedir. Toplumların değişimi, seçkinlerin değişimi ile paralellik göstermiştir. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde, Hz. Muhammed’in getirdiği değerler sistemiyle toplum yepyeni
bir şekil almış, cahiliyeden medeniyete evrilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Hz. Muhammed’in getirdiği mesaj ve ortaya koymuş olduğu değerler sisteminin iyi anlaşılması özellikle günümüz İslam toplumları açısından hayati önem taşımaktadır.
Bu çalışmada bir seçkin olarak Hz. Muhammed’in getirdiği değerler sistemi etrafında oluşan sosyal yapı ve yaşanılan toplumsal değişme sosyolojik bir bakış açısıyla ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.
Homoseksual Menurut Buku “Reading The Quran” Karya Ziauddin Sardar
Authors: Asih Yuni
Published: December 2021

Homosexuals According to Ziauddin Sardar's book "Reading the Quran"This study aims to describe the homosexual discussion in Ziauddin Sardar's book Reading The Qur'an. As text research, the research method used is qualitative with an interpretive-literary approach. The data collection technique was carried out in a documentative manner. Meanwhile, the data analysis was carried out in an explanatory-hermeneutic manner. The research results mention homosexuality as an act that is not explicitly explained in the Al-Qur'an. Homosexuality occurs because of an innate instinct or life choice. Homosexual acts in the contemporary era cannot be attributed to the sexual violence that occurred in the story of the Prophet Lut AS. Where the people of the Prophet Lut AS committed sexual violence through intimidation and cruelty. Meanwhile, homosexual culture in contemporary culture refers to the sexual hedonist attitude of a person who is motivated by psychological, health, hedonism, economic, and technological pressure factors. Homosexuals cannot be punished cruelly according to Islamic sources. So with that, as fellow human beings, we still have to respect homosexual perpetrators according to human nature, and not respect their actions. Despite this, homosexual behavior still undermines the social fabric
Prevalence of depression among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Waseem Sajjad  , Anwisha Samreen  , Syed Asfand Yar Shah  , Afifa Batool  , Muhammad Umair  , Talha Ahmad  , Zainul Abideen
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depression among medical students and its association with various sociodemographic characteristics. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Nishtar Medical University, Multan. Period: August 2019 to September 2020. Material & Methods: A sample of 315 medical students were chosen by stratified random sampling technique. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used for screening and assessing the severity of depression. A special questionnaire was designed containing sociodemographic and educational characteristics. Data were collected via online forms and were analyzed using SPSS V26. Results: Out of 315 students, who participated in the study, 134 (42.5%) were female students, and 181 (57.5%) were male students. 63 (20%) students were taken from each academic year from 1st year through 5th year (final year). 64% of the students were suffering from depression. The proportion of students suffering from mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression was 27%, 18%, 11%, and 8% respectively. Depression was more prevalent among female students (73.1%) as compared to male students (58.0%) with a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Depression is a serious problem for medical students. It was significant among female, preclinical students, living in the home with a family history of depression in financial pressure. It should be sorted out early to make early interventions.
Design of Centralized Intelligent Expert System and Contamination Detection of Tissue Cultured Sugarcane Crop
Authors: Memon Mujahid Hussain
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the design a cloud based IoT enabled smart agriculture application for Hi-Tech tissue cultured sugarcane crop entitled “Design of Centralized Intelligent Expert System and Contamination Detection of Tissue Cultured Sugarcane Crop”. This expert system comprises of Raspberry Pi-4 (RPi), Arduino-Mega, GSM-Modem (Sim900) and sensor-modules for monitoring and control of essential parameters of laboratory for monitoring the physical parameters. The parameters monitored are temperature, humidity and light intensity of the tissue culture growth rooms with artificial day light timing and control, however, AI-based health prediction suggests the image processing for detection of culture contamination of sugarcane crop inside the growth-room. In addition, fire-smoke sensor and methane gas sensor are incorporated for fire protection and to avoid any disastrous situation. Three numbers of webcams are attached to the RPi for monitoring growth and health of explants. An AI-Model / weight was developed for detection of contamination that predicts the for health of Tissue Cultured Sugarcane Crop. Moreover, image enhancement was covered applying Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN)”. In this system, the RPi reads sensor's data through Arduino and convert it to data-frame with timestamp and geo-tag. The data along with the captured images are sent to a centralize cloud application for applying data mining and Artificial Intelligence; however, the model of contamination detection has been applied at edge device. This is to get meaningful insights of data for future decision making in maximizing crop yield and quality. Due to the great need of sugarcane crop in Pakistan, the Plant Tissue Culture (PTC) technology has been incorporated with Artificial Intelligence, the proposed system is aimed to be installed at established PTC-growth-rooms for sugarcane crop so the experts of field can be connected to the cloud application for its monitoring, control and data analytics. In addition, the use of telepresence through cloud application will enable PTC-experts to provide assistance to the remote user and resolve their issues timely, thus extending PTC technology all over the country which will eventually lead to increased crop yield with quality products in affordable price.
INTERSTITIAL RENAL NECROSIS SYNDROM OF CALVES
Authors: Al-Sultan I.I. , Youkhana S.O. , Ismail H.K.
Published: December 2021

Interstitial renal necrosis syndrom (IRNS) was diagnosed in calves sloughtered in Mosul sloughter house. Gross and microscopical picture of 33 affected animals were described. The lesions were identified according topathomorpholgy of tissue reaction. Two patterns of tissue rections were observed. The lesions of the first pattern showed grossly an oval, greyish white translucent nodules on the surface of kidney. Microscopically, cells like lymphocytes and few plasma cells were aggregated in the interstitial tissue. The lesions of the second pattern comprised grossly a milliary yellowish-white nodules on the surface of the kidney and on cut sectionforming extention in the depth of the renal cortex. Microscopically, the infiltrated cells were mainly neutrophils, macrophages and few lymphocytes, the possible causes of this syndrom was discussed.
“Mountain of Tongues”
The Languages of the Caucasus in Arabic-Islamic Sources
Authors: Danylenko Andrii
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to the linguistic diversity of the Caucasus as reflected in the writing of Arab-Muslim geographers and historians. Dealing with the locus classicus jabal al-alsun ‘mountain of tongues’ in the output of Arab-Muslim authors, the author juxtaposes the current state of the study of Caucasus polyglossia with the description of the jumble of languages in the works of Ibn al-Faqīh, al-Mas‘ūdī, Abū al-Fidā’, al-Muhallabī and other authors. Outlining some parallels in Graeco-Roman historians, the author concludes that the diversity of languages spoken in the Caucasus as described by Arab-Muslim geographers appears to be in concord with the degree of the linguistic diversity as conceived today in areal-typological studies.
Jewish archives and sources in the Nordic countries
Authors: Pataricza Dóra , Muir Simo , Bak Sofie Lene , Følner Bjarke , Kieding Banik Vibeke , Rudberg Pontus
Published: December 2021

This article aims to give an overview of Jewish archives and archival sources in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Besides describing significant existing collections, the article looks into ongoing archival projects, digitizing and infrastructure programs, and maps out future challenges.
Demotivation Level and Demotivators Among EFL Students In Home Online English Learning During The Pandemic
Authors: Nabila Azza , Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Khoiri Niamika El
Published: December 2021

This research is aimed at investigating the level of demotivation and the demotivating factors experienced by Indonesian EFL learners during home online English learning as response to social distancing order amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This research employed quantitative and qualitative data. Questionnaire with 27 items was the main instrument used to obtain data about learners’ level of demotivation and demotivators as well as to identify the frequency of each demotivator. An open-ended question was attached at the end of the questionnaire to dig other additional demotivators. An interview was also conducted to gain supporting data for in-depth analysis. The results showed that the level of the 198 students’ demotivation was 2.9, categorized as lowly demotivated. The most-frequently rated demotivators in home online English learning were lack of interaction with 78.9% responses followed by 66.2% for increasing assignments and 62.1% for slow Internet connection. In terms of content and material, expectation to use grammatically correct English was the most demotivating factor with 59.6% responses. The study also revealed additional demotivators namely unsupportive parents, doing house chores, and Wi-fi absence.
Tane Pürüzlülüğünün Galen Mineralinin Flotasyonu ve Topaklanmasına Etkisi
Authors: Uysal Turan , Karaağaçlıoğlu İbrahim Ethem , Güven Onur
Published: December 2021

Flotasyon işlemlerinde tane boyutu ve tane morfolojisi gibi tanelerin fiziksel özellikleri, hem tane-tane hem de tane-kabarcık etkileşimlerinde önemli bir rol oynar ve bu da onları flotasyon işlemlerinin değerlendirilmesinde çok önemli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı sürelerde pürüzlendirilen galen tanelerinin pürüzlülük süresine bağlı olarak elde edilen morfolojik özelliklerinin flotasyon verimi ve topaklanma özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deneysel çalışmaların sonuçlarına göre artan pürüzlülük değerlerinde tanelerin flotasyon ve topaklanma özelliklerinin önemli oranda arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tanelerin tercihli üretimi ile flotasyonun daha düşük kollektör konsantrasyonlarına ötelenerek daha verimli hale getirilebileceği belirlenmiştir.
Al-Muddaththir of the Quran Linked to the Covid-19 and Spanish Flu Pandemics: Circumstantial Evidence
Authors:   Tehran, IRAN, Khodadoost Baback
Published: December 2021

Recently there have been speculations concerning a possible link between the covid-19 pandemic and al-Muddaththir, the 74th chapter of the Quran. An examination of this chapter presented in this article shows further evidences in support of these speculations. It is shown that indications of not only the current Covid-19 pandemic, but also the horrific 1918 Spanish flu can be detected in chapter 74. The main emphasis of this article will be to demonstrate the timings of the pandemic events as they appear to have been encoded in four of the chapter verses. The concept of Translational-Coding and in particular, its use in decoding one of the time-informing verses will be explained. A remarkable scheme of al-Muddaththir to announce the exact occurring years of the two major pandemics, will also be exposed. Coincidences of the Super Moon occurrences with major events of both, Covid-19 and Spanish flu pandemics, will be shown as the possible reason for “by the moon” swearing in verse 74:32. In connection with these observed coincidences, possible effect of the moon’s differential gravity on suppression of the human immune system during a Super Moon occurrence will be addressed. Some other verses in al-Muddaththir with possible relevance to the pandemic perspective of this chapter will also be discussed.
QVR: Quranic Verses Recitation Recognition System using PocketSphinx
Authors:   Department of Computer and Information Sciences,  Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, MALAYSIA, Al-Kaf Hasan Ali Gamal , Sulong Muhammad Suhaimi ,   Institute of Ahli Sunnah Wal Jamaah,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA,   Faculty of Technical and Vocational Education,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA, Joret Ariffuddin ,   Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA, Aminuddin Nuramin Fitri ,   Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA, Mohammad Che Adenan ,   Institute of Ahli Sunnah Wal Jamaah,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA,   Centre for General Studies and Co-Curricular,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA
Published: December 2021

The recitation of Quran verses according to the actual tajweed is obligatory and it must be accurate and precise in pronunciation. Hence, it should always be reviewed by an expert on the recitation of the Quran. Through the latest technology, this recitation review can be implemented through an application system and it is most appropriate in this current Covid-19 pandemic situation where system application online is deemed to be developed. In this empirical study, a recognition system so-called the Quranic Verse Recitation Recognition (QVR) system using PocketSphinx to convert the Quranic verse from Arabic sound to Roman text and determine the accuracy of reciters, has been developed. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the system with a user-friendly environment was designed using Microsoft Visual Basic 6 in an Ubuntu platform. A verse of surah al-Ikhlas has been chosen in this study and the data were collected by recording 855 audios as training data recorded by professional reciters. Another 105 audios were collected as testing data, to test the accuracy of the system. The results indicate that the system obtained a 100% accuracy with a 0.00% of word error rate (WER) for both training and testing data of the said audios via Quran Roman text. The system with automatic speech recognition (ASR) engine system demonstrates that it has been successfully designed and developed, and is significant to be extended further. Added, it will be improved with the addition of other Quran surahs.
The Effects of Photovoltaic Panel’s Temperature towards Photovoltaic Electrical Power Output
Authors:   Green and Sustainable Energy Focus Group,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA, Mohd Salleh Nor Izzati , Mohamad Nor Ahmad Fateh ,   Institut Ahli Sunnah Wal Jamaah,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA, Jumaat Siti Amely ,   Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA, Yahaya Jabbar Al-Fattah ,   Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA, Zainal Nurezayana ,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Published: December 2021

Photovoltaic (PV) system is recognized as one of the most current renewable energy types in producing electrical power. The theories that science explain related to the function of the sun is in accordance with what is also described in the Qur'an. There is one ayah Quran related to the Greatness of Allah and The Mercy which is “And from among His Signs are the night and the day, and the sun and the moon. Prostrate yourselves to Allah Who created them, if you (really) worship Him [Fussilat:37]. However, one of the main issues of PV system is that the performance of the system is highly dependent to environmental conditions such as weather and solar irradiance. Increases in temperature reduce the band gap of a semiconductor. The decrease in the band gap of a semiconductor with increasing temperature can be viewed as increasing the energy of the electrons in the material. The parameter most affected by an increase in temperature is the open circuit voltage. Temperature coefficient indicates how much will be the decrement in power output if PV module. Hence, it is important to predict the actual generating output power of PV systems. This study investigates the relationship between the temperatures of the PV panel with the PV power output. The PV systems installed at the rooftop of Mega label SDN. BHD. with type of poly-crystalline 405.72KWP has been chosen as the reference system in this study. The results have shown that the rise of PV panel’s temperature will make the value of the PV electrical power output decreases.
RAINWATER MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS IN CITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF ZIGUINCHOR, SENEGAL
Authors:   Department of Geography, U.F.R. Sciences and Technologies, Assane Seck Univesity of Ziguinchor, Laboratory of Geomatics and the Environment, BP 523 Ziguinchor (Senegal), FAYE Cheikh ,   Department of Geography, U.F.R. Sciences and Technologies, Assane Seck Univesity of Ziguinchor, Laboratory of Geomatics and the Environment, BP 523 Ziguinchor (Senegal), SANÉ Bouly , GOMIS Eddy Nilsone ,   Laboratory of Research in Architecture, National School of Architecture / University Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, 5 Alleys Antonio Machado 31 058, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France, DIÉDHIOU Sécou Omar ,   Department of Geography, Assane SECK University of Ziguinchor (Senegal), Laboratory of Geomatics and Environment (LGE) / University of Nantes (France), ESO Nantes UMR 6590, SOW Alassane ,   Head of the regional sanitation service of Ziguinchor (Senegal)
Published: December 2021

Senegalese cities are experiencing very rapid growth in terms of both spatial and demographic development, which has an impact on the management of runoff water, which is increasingly a major concern of authorities and urban populations. In these cities, public sanitation infrastructure is insufficient and unevenly distributed in urban space. The objective of this study is to characterize the problem of rainwater management in the city of Ziguinchor (southern Senegal). The methodology is based on an administration, a questionnaire submitted to 288 heads of households, and an interview guide with 13 actors who stand out in the environmental management component at the local level. The results obtained attest to a real problem of sanitation of rainwater managed in precarious conditions due to the lack of infrastructure and water management methods used by households. The infrastructural problem is a factor in the poor management of rainwater in Ziguinchor, while rainwater drainage practices do not protect the living environment of the populations. In the city of Ziguinchor, the main strategies adopted in the face of the sanitation network deficit are based on backfilling, the laying of sandbags and stones, evacuation through buckets.
A New Suggested Site for Troy (Yenibademli Höyük)
Authors: Smith Oliver D.
Published: December 2021

Nearly all archaeologists identify the remains of Troy with Hisarlik. This article in contrast looks at some alternative suggested locations and finding them to be implausible suggests a Bronze Age site – Yenibademli Höyük – on the North Aegean Island Imbros (Gökçeada). The popular identification of Hisarlik with Troy is questioned and doubted. It is argued on the basis of an ancient tradition Hisarlik cannot be the site of Troy and reveals descriptions from the Iliad are not compatible with Hisarlik.
Sinemada “Rüya” ve “C Blok” Film Örnekleri Üzerinden Sosyal Konut Eleştirisi
Authors: KILIÇ Burhan
Published: December 2021

Sinemada mizansen oluşturulurken mekâna önemli bir rol biçilmektedir. Hikâyenin üzerinde vuku bulduğu yeri -mekânı sınırları belirlenmiş bir yer olarak kısıtlı düşünmediğimizde-mekân olarak adlandırabiliriz. Mekânlar sinema filmlerinde anlam yaratımına büyük katkılar sağlayan unsurlardır. Kimi zaman mekânlara sinema filmlerinde başrolün verildiği örnekler de bulunmaktadır. Mekân olarak sosyal konutlara yer verilen filmlerin sosyo-ekonomik ve politik bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilebileceği düşünülmektedir. Dünya ile birlikte ülkemizde de sosyal konutlar inşa edilmiş ve bu konutların yapılması hem idari, hem sosyo-ekonomik problemleri ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu durum elbette ki sinemaya da konu olarak yansımıştır. Bu çalışmada sosyal konutların sinemada eleştirel yönden konu edildiği düşünülen iki film olan Zeki Demirkubuz'un yazıp yönettiği "C Blok-1994" filmi ile Derviş Zaim'in yazıp yönettiği "Rüya-2016" filmi sosyolojik ve ideolojik eleştirel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Ayrıca bu filmlerde Foucault'un "Büyük Kapatılma" ve "Heterotopya" kavramlarının izleri sürülmüş, ideolojik anlamda da öznel bir bakış ile sosyal konutların tecrit, tahakküm ve yönetimselliğin işlerlik kazandığı mekânlar olduğu görüşü desteklenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Strengths and weaknesses of S-curves
Authors: MODIS THEODORE
Published: December 2021

For the last 22 years I have been fitting logistic S-curves to data points of historical time series at an average rate of about 2–3 per day. This amounts to something between 15,000 and 20,000 fits. Combined with the 40,000 fits of the Monte Carlo study we did with Alain Debecker to quantify the uncertainties in logistic fits [1], probably qualifies me for an entry in the Guinness Book of Records as the man who carried out the greatest number of logistic fits.It hasn't all been fun and games. There have also been blood and tears and not only from human errors. There have been what I came to recognize as “misbehaviors” of reality. I have seen cases where an excellent fit and ensuing forecast were invalidated by later data. But well-established logistic growth reflects the action of a natural law. A disproved forecast is tantamount to violating this law. A law that becomes violated is not much of a law. What is going on? There is something here that needs to be sorted out.
Not what U expect: Effects of Prediction Errors on Episodic Memory.
Authors: Ortiz-Tudela Javier , Nolden Sophie , Pupillo Francesco , Ehrlich Isabelle , Schommartz Iryna , Turan Gözem , Shing Yee Lee
Published: December 2021

The characterization of the relationship between predictions and one-shot episodic encoding poses an important challenge for memory research. On the one hand, events that are compatible with our previous knowledge are thought to be remembered better than incompatible ones. On the other hand, unexpected situations, by virtue of their surprise, are known to cause enhanced learning. Several theoretical accounts try to solve this apparent paradox by conceptualizing prediction error (PE) as a continuum ranging from low PE (for expectation matching events) to high PE (for expectation mismatching ones). Under such framework, the relationship between PE and memory encoding would be described by a U-shape function with higher memory performance for extreme levels of PE and lower memory for middle levels of PE. In this study we used a gradual manipulation of the strength of association between scenes and objects to render different levels of PE and then tested for episodic memory of the (mis)matching events. In two experiments, and in contrast to what was anticipated, recognition memory as a function of PE followed an inverted U-shape, with higher performance for intermediate levels of PE. Furthermore, in two additional experiments we showed the relevance of explicit predictions at encoding to reveal such inverted U pattern, thus providing the boundary conditions of the effect. We discuss our current findings in the light of the uncertainty in the environment and the importance of the operations underlying encoding tasks.
Boredom is the root of all evil — or is it? A psychometric network approach to individual differences in behavioral responses to boredom
Authors: Bieleke Maik , Ripper Leonie , Schüler Julia , Wolff Wanja
Published: December 2021

Functional accounts of boredom propose that boredom serves as an impartial signal to change something about the current situation, which should give rise to adaptive and maladaptive behavior alike. This seemingly contrasts with research on boredom proneness, which has overwhelmingly shown associations with maladaptive behavior. To shed light on this discrepancy, we disentangled boredom proneness from individual differences in (1) the urge to avoid and escape boredom and (2) adaptive and maladaptive ways of dealing with boredom by developing corresponding trait scales. In a study with N = 636 participants, psychometric network modeling revealed tight associations between boredom proneness and less adaptive and (especially) more maladaptive ways of dealing with boredom. However, its associations with the urge to avoid and escape boredom were rather weak. Importantly, a higher urge to avoid and escape boredom was linked not only to more maladaptive but also to more adaptive ways of dealing with boredom. This pattern of results was robust across various specific behaviors that have previously been linked to boredom. Our findings provide novel evidence for functional accounts of boredom from an individual difference perspective, cautioning against a shallow view of boredom as being associated with purely maladaptive behavior.
Making the Case for Democracy
Authors: Wuttke Alexander , Foos Florian
Published: December 2021

Ordinary citizens are considered bulwarks against democratic backsliding. Yet, citizens’ commitment to democracy below the surface is sometimes fragile and crises exacerbate existing anxieties and discontent. We propose “democratic persuasion” as a theory-driven, actionable intervention to foster the resilience of citizens’ commitment to liberal democracy. "Democratic persuasion" requires that political elites actively make the case for democracy and discuss democracy’s inherent trade-offs while engaging existing doubts and misperceptions. During the Covid-19 pandemic, which brought these trade-offs to the fore, we invited citizens on facebook to attend one of sixteen Zoom town halls to discuss pandemic politics with a German member of parliament. Each MP conducted two town halls and we randomly assigned, when they employed “democratic persuasion”. The field-experiment demonstrates substantial effects on some, but not all, indicators of democratic commitment, showcasing the academic and practical value of this emerging line of research on strengthening the societal foundations of liberal democracies.
Improvement in body composition of adult postbariatric surgery patients at one-year follow-up at a public hospital in United Arab Emirates
Authors:   Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medical and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, Attlee Amita , Hasab Hayder ,   Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, UAE,   Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome Research Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, Rashed Latefa Mohammed ,   Nutrition Section, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Al-Haway Muna ,   Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, Ministry of Health and Prevention, United Arab Emirates, Al-Wahedi Abdul-Wahid ,   Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, Ministry of Health and Prevention, United Arab Emirates
Published: December 2021

Background: Data on postoperative follow-ups and bariatric surgery (BS) outcomes performed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are crucial for registry. This study assessed the one-year postoperative changes in body composition and metabolic profiles in BS patients. Methods: The medical and dietetics records of 51 adult patients who underwent BS in the largest public hospital in Sharjah, UAE were reviewed. Data on body weight and composition, as well as metabolic profile (blood glucose and lipid levels) from the initial until the last hospital visit were recorded. Results: The median (interquartile range) follow-up period was 6.0 (8.0) months. The patients had significant total weight loss [19.3 (12.6)%] and reduction in body mass index (BMI) [18.0 (13.6)%] of approximately 7 BMI points. Moreover, the patients’ body composition improved significantly; loss was the highest in fat mass [–30.9 (22.1)%] and the least in lean body mass [–8.6 (8.4)%]. There was a steady decline in all body composition variables with a longer duration of follow-up visits from 1–3 months to 10–12 months. The fat mass (–40.3%):lean body mass (–10.7%) loss ratio was 3.8:1 at 10–12 months. The patients’ metabolic status was normal during the last postoperative visit. Conclusions: Incremental improvements in body composition of patients were evident with longer follow-up visits up to one year after BS. Hence, patients should attend regular follow-up visits after BS. Moreover, accurate and complete documentations of medical and dietetics visits are mandated.
Gastrointestinal parasitic infections of ruminants in extensive management system in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria., Bada A. A. , Adewole S. O. ,   Department of Zoology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Olofintoye L. K. ,   Department of Zoology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Omotoriogun T. C. ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Published: December 2021

Parasitic diseases are major impediments and causes of mortality and morbidity in animals leading to drastic decrease in economic returns in livestock production. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among free–ranging ruminant species; with the objectives to determine difference in parasitic infection among ruminant species, and difference in parasitic infection between the sexes and age of the ruminant species. Random sampling method was used to collect small quantity of feaces from individual ruminants (n=54). Direct smear method was used to identify the eggs of the helminths in ruminant species. Chi-square test was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Higher prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite was found in Capra hircus relative to Ovis aries and Bos taurus. Both nematodes (Trichostrongylu ssp, Haemonchus contortus, Strongloides papillous, Sygamus larygenes and Ascaris sp; and trematodes (Fasciola gigantica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were found in the ruminant in this study. Trichostrongylu ssp and Fasciola gigantica showed higher prevalence than other gastrointestinal parasites. Young and female had higher infection of helminths than adult and male of the studied ruminant species. Preventing economic loss due to helminthic parasitic infections rely on available data, which in turn is paramount to guide effective coordination of animal health care system.
Efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood profiles of broiler chickens
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria., Essien C. A. , Udoh V. S. ,   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria.
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of Ocimum gratissimum as a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) on growth performance, carcass, and blood profile of broiler chicken. One hundred and sixty day old broiler chickens were used for the study. Four diets were formulated to incorporate Ocimum gratissimum at 0, 50, 100 and 150 g per 100 kg of feed to form T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively. The birds were divided into four groups of forty birds and each group was assigned one of the diets in a completely randomized design. Each group was further divided into four replicates of 10 birds each. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum and data collected were statistically analyzed. The result obtained showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the final weight gain (FWG), daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion ratio both at the starter and finisher phases. T4 had the highest significant (p<0.05) final weight gain (FWG), and daily weight gain (DWG) values. The lowest significant (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) values were observed in T4. The feed intake of the birds was statistically similar (p>0.05) at both the starter and the finisher phases. Significant (p<0.05) increases were observed in dressed weight, dressing percentage, and cut-up parts (wing, thigh, drumstick, and breast) of the birds. T4 had the highest significant values for the carcass parameters. The haematological parameters analyzed showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the value for red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) values with T4 recording the highest significant (p<0.05) values for those parameters. All the serum biochemical parameters analyzed were not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the treatments. It can be concluded that Ocimum gratissimum could be added to broiler diet at 150 g/100kg as feed additive without any deleterious effect on the growth performance, carcass, and blood profiles of the birds.
Chicken housing among the rural community of Tonj County in South Sudan: Types and designs
Authors:   Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Science, University of Bahr El-Ghazal, South Sudan., Jubara A. S. , Danga J. ,   Faculty of Agricultural Science, Catholic University of South Sudan, South Sudan., Deng J. A. ,   Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Science, University of Bahr El-Ghazal, South Sudan., Ochi E. B. ,   Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Juba, South Sudan.
Published: December 2021

Rural communities usually exert talents and arts in the construction of chickens’ shelters as a token for chickens’ contributions to their livelihoods worldwide. A purposive cross-sectional study was conducted to highlight types and designs of rural chickens’ houses among the village/Boma communities in Tonj County, South Sudan. A total of 400 (four hundred) households owning chickens were randomly selected from 4 (four) villages for the study. A stratified randomized sample collection method, direct interview, enumeration and observations were used. Observations revealed that 271 (67.75%) of the households built houses above the ground level compared to 129 (32.25%) that built close to the ground level. 117 (43.17%) of the households preferred the dome shaped design houses, meanwhile 192(48%) frequently utilized bamboos for constructing the houses. The study concluded that high proportion of rural community was aware of the importance of housing to chickens. Furthermore, the dome shaped design and the bamboos were preferred for chickens’ houses. Farmers Field School (FFS) is needed for educating households to develop inclusive housing structures that realize more benefits and disseminate reciprocation of such study elsewhere in similar rural settings of South Sudan.
Effect of processed doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica) pulp meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and haematological indices of broilers
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, PMB. 1007, Unwana Afikpo,  Ebonyi State, Nigeria., Agwor Ibe Emmanuel , Salihu Kudu Yahaya ,   Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger state, Nigeria., Ayanwale Bisi Alex ,   Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger state, Nigeria., Ayodele Malik Abdulganiyu ,   Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger state, Nigeria.
Published: December 2021

The increase in human population, particularly in the developing countries like Nigeria and the demand for animal protein intake has necessitated different approaches of solving protein shortage. A 28-day study was carried out to determine the performance of finishers fed on different hourly soaked doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica) pulp meal (DPPM) diets. Two hundred and sixteen (216) finishers (4 week-old) were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of 36 birds with three replicates (12 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design (CRD). Six experimental diets were formulated and designed as follows: T1 (Control) contained 0% DPPM while T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 contained 12.5% each of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours soaked DPPM as substitute for maize, respectively. Feeds and water were provided ad libitum for all treatment groups. The average body weight gain (40.44- 42.71 g/b/d), average feed intake (87.52-96.73 g/b/d) and feed conversion ratio (2.14-2.34) were non-significant (p>0.05) regardless of the dietary treatments. Statistical differences (p<0.05) were observed in some carcass parameters such as thigh (13.40-14.98%), neck (5.32-6.55%), shank (3.81-5.2 %), wing (9.80-11.41%), head (2.43-3.74%) and two haematological indices; white blood cell (160.67-189.53 X 103/mm3) and eosinophils (0.33-2.00%) across the treatment groups. The processed DPPM could serve as a rich energy source in broiler feeds with the raw doum palm pulp containing 2987.45 kcal/kg. Also, soaking the pulp for 2 to 10 hours before been included in broiler diet improved the nutritional content, acceptability, palatability and utilization of the feed by the broilers. Thus, up to 12.5% processed DPPM can be included in the diets of broiler chickens without adverse effect on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and haematological indices of chickens.
Determinants of Tax Compliance Behaviour among Rental Income Earners in Pokhara
Authors: Tiwari Ghanashyam
Published: December 2021

Rental tax is an important source of revenue for local government units. After Nepal adopted fiscal federalism, concerns have been shown by policymakers as well as academicians on the fiscal sustainability of the local government units. In this context, this study attempts to explore tax compliance behaviour among rental income owners in Pokhara. The study is based on a survey of 196 households located in wards 9, 11 and 17 of Pokhara Metropolitan City. The wards represent commercial, semi-urban, and densely populated areas of the city respectively. The required data were gathered employing a self-administered questionnaire comprising Likert scales to measure tax awareness, attitude towards tax, cost of non-compliance, peer influence for compliance, government incentives, and tax compliance behavior of the rental income earner. The data collected were analyzed employing ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The research revealed a positive relationship between tax awareness, attitude towards tax, peer influence, and government incentives with tax compliances. The study findings depict that the taxpayers’ awareness and perception towards tax are important variables that affect the compliance behavior of rental taxpayers. Moreover, the results reveal that the rental income earner in Pokhara does not comply with the tax rules due to the lower cost of non-compliance as negative relationship established was found between tax compliance and the cost of non-compliance. Metropolitan tax authority needs to focus on awareness and government incentives rather than the cost of non-compliance for better adherence to tax rules among rental taxpayers.
Factors Influencing Organizational Performance in Hotel Sector of Nepal
Authors: Chalise Dhan Raj
Published: December 2021

The present study is designed to identify the factors influencing organizational performance based on native research work carried out through field study. Adopting descriptive cum analytical research design, this study is based on primary data obtained from the hotels located inside the Kathmandu valley of Nepal through the use of a five-point Likert-type questionnaire. With the help of the random sampling technique, 130 employees working in 23 hotels in the position of executive, managerial and officer’s level are taken as sample respondents. Four different variables affecting hotels' performance i.e., qualification, training and experience, administrative efficiency and location are taken as the independent variables and organizational performance as the dependent variable.  Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used in this study. All the variables obtained Cronbach alpha value greater than .65, which shows the consistency on items taken for the study. The correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between organization performance and performance factors in the Nepalese hotel sector. Moreover, the regression analysis indicated that qualification of the employee, administrative efficiency of hotel management and training and experience provided to the employee are found strong predictors of organizational performance but the location factor was not found the determinant of organization performance in the Nepalese hotel sector. This study can further expand by adopting other variables affecting organizational performance in the hospitality sectors of Nepal.