bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amotinamento como estratégia de emancipação: Micropolítica dos Motins de teatro e dança de Petrolina-PE
Authors: Lyra Luciana Rocha , Melo Paulo Edison Rodrigues de
Published: May 2023

O desígnio deste texto é apresentar os modos de operação artística em redes de (r)existência de teatro e dança na cidade de Petrolina, em Pernambuco. Ao tomar aqui estas redes como motins, evita-se hierarquização de grupos, coletivos, companhias, trupes, e acaba por direcionar à um desenho de estratégias de ações disruptivas e a(r)tivistas, realizadas por estes motins, destacando-as no seu calibre emancipatório e micropolítico.
Conexões comutativas ou o mito da caverna? Por mover-se sobre os territórios telemáticos educacionais emergentes
Authors: Alvarenga Ana Maria de Oliveira , Frade Isabela
Published: May 2023

A alegoria de Platão em livre associação às redes telemáticas na educação nos captura em reflexões sobre formas comutativas de habitar. Investigamos as modalidades em que vivemos na urgência de movermo-nos sobre o contemporâneo, espaço-tempo revestido por organicidades híbridas em produção de novas formas de percepção e cognição.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE LETRAMENTOS DIGITAIS NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM DECOLONIALIDADE / Reflections on digital literacies in the english language textbook and its connection to decoloniality
Authors: Santana José Raimundo Dos Santos , Santana Renato Dos Santos , Nascimento Ana Karina De Oliveira
Published: May 2023

Este artigo aborda a análise de uma unidade didática presente em um livro didático de língua inglesa sob a ótica dos letramentos digitais. A finalidade do estudo do qual este artigo resulta é analisar como as atividades sugeridas no livro didático englobam práticas de letramentos digitais e sua relação com as teorias decoloniais. Para tanto, esta pesquisa qualitativa toma a forma de pesquisa bibliográfica, além de pesquisa documental (PAIVA, 2019), por meio da análise do livro didático Way to English (FRANCO, 2018), parte do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD), direcionado para os anos finais do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa documental incluiu a escolha de uma unidade didática presente no livro citado, utilizado no 9° ano de uma escola pública. Para sua realização, adotamos como base teórica, dentre outros, os estudos de Zacchi (2018), Lankshear e Knobel (2008, 2011, 2017), Nascimento e Knobel (2017), quando tratam de letramentos digitais, além de Walsh (2013); Silva Júnior e Matos (2019); Menezes de Souza e Hashiguti (2022), ao discutirem decolonialidade. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que o recorte selecionado engloba práticas de letramentos digitais e fomenta diálogos com perspectivas decoloniais. Este estudo pretende contribuir para o avanço das discussões e reflexões sobre os letramentos digitais e decolonialidade, considerando o papel dos livros didáticos no direcionamento de atividades diversas que orientam as práticas pedagógicas de docentes de língua inglesa.
Deprivation of liberty and children with complex needs: a new specialist court
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: May 2023

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers the role of the National Deprivation of Liberty Court in authorising care arrangements for children that amount to a deprivation of liberty
Indirect restorations: an update
Authors: Mackenzie Louis , Banerji Subir , Bonsor Stephen J , Parmar Dipesh
Published: May 2023

Indirect restorative procedures are integral to clinical dentistry. Over the past 50 years however, minimally invasive, direct adhesive restorative techniques have gradually replaced many of the indications for traditional indirect restorations. While numerous indirect procedures are still carried out every year, multiple studies have demonstrated that these restorations have limited longevity and are subject to a wide range of clinical complications, including the reduction in lifespan of the restored teeth and an increased risk of dento-legal problems. This article provides an update on the current status of indirect restorations and presents a comprehensive step-by-step guide to optimising all clinical stages, including case selection, patient assessment, diagnosis, aesthetic considerations, treatment planning, tooth preparation design, impression techniques, temporization, cementation and maintenance.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: In contemporary dental practice there is a reduced need for indirect restorations. When indicated however, all clinical stages must be optimised to maximize longevity and minimise complications.
Dental implants: what challenges and opportunities are there on our horizon?
Authors: George Pynadath
Published: May 2023

Dental implantology has revolutionized the dental profession by providing a practical and aesthetically pleasing replacement for lost or missing teeth. This article takes a comprehensive look at the history of dental implantology from the discovery of osseo-integration to the current practice of using conventional to zygomatic implants with bone grafts and soft tissue grafts.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge regarding the current status of dental implants is of value to clinicians.
Q fever: a disease with underappreciated significance?
Authors: Statham Jonathan
Published: May 2023

Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, a bacterium found worldwide in a wide range of animals. The term ‘Q fever’ (for query fever) was proposed in 1937 by Edward Holbrook Derrick to describe febrile illnesses in abattoir workers in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In ruminants, the infection may cause abortions, infertility, metritis or chronic mastitis, which can lead to economic losses for the infected herds and impacts sustainability. Since 2007, Q fever has been emerging as a public health problem in several parts of Europe, as well as further afield. Although Q fever is asymptomatic in 60% of human cases, it can lead to acute or chronic infections and cause flu-like syndrome, hepatitis, pneumonia, endocarditis or abortions. Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) was made reportable in UK under the Zoonoses Order in 2021.
Diagnosis and management of traumatic equine fractures: an update
Authors: Findley Judith
Published: May 2023

For the most part, equine fractures can be divided into those of traumatic origin and those caused by repetitive stress. This article focuses on the diagnosis and management of the more commonly encountered traumatic fractures.
The Influence of Teacher Efficacy on Education Quality: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hidayah Ratna , Wangid Muhammad Nur , Wuryandani Wuri , Salimi Moh
Published: May 2023

This research aims to prove the influence of teacher efficacy on learning quality with quantitative meta-analysis. The eligibility criteria in this study include: (a) The publication can be searched in Google Scholar, ERIC, DOAJ, Research Gate, and or ScienceDirect; (b) The publication is indexed in Scopus, WoS, SINTA (a portal indexing journal managed by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, equivalent to DOAJ and Index Copernicus), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, and at least they must be indexed in Google Scholar; (c) The topic of the studies must be relevant; (d) The studies must be carried out in the 2014-2023 year range; (e) The publication must have a value of (r), (t) or (F); (f) The studies have a magnitude of N ≥ 20. This study used the JASP application for data analysis. The results showed that: (a) the 40 studies analyzed were heterogeneous and normally distributed; (b) the influence of teacher efficacy on education quality is classified as strong (p < 0.05; rRE = 0.800); (c) publication bias was not detected. This study concluded that there is a strong influence of teacher efficacy on education quality.
Analytical Formula for Conditional Moments of Extended Heston-CEV Hybrid Model with Time-dependent Parameters
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, Anunak Promsiri , Boonserm Petarpa ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, Rakwongwan Udomsak ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes an analytical formula for conditional moments of the extended Heston- CEV hybrid model, where the underlying asset dynamic is formed under the hybrid framework of a constant elasticity of variance (CEV) process that is the March–Rosenfeld process. The formula is received by successfully solving the partial differential equation corresponding to the infi nitesimal generator for two-dimensional process. The formula obtained is easy to use in practice and relatively more general compared with the currently existing results in the literature. In addition, numerical validations are conducted to illustrate the accuracy of our analytical formula by comparing the results gained from the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.
Addition to Erysiphe quercicola, A Powdery Mildew Fungus on Urena lobata in South China
Authors:   Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aff airs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China, Ma Shiqing , Xu Biao ,   Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aff airs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China, Senanayake Indunil C. ,   Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aff airs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China, Song Jiage ,   Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aff airs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China
Published: May 2023

Leaves of Caesar weed (Urena lobata) with typical powdery mildew symptoms were collected from Baiyun Mountain Park in Guangzhou, China during winter and summer in 2020 and 2021. Based on the morphology and molecular sequence analyses of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA region, the causative agent was identified as Erysiphe quercicola. A description and relevant microscopic images of the pathogen are provided. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of E. quercicola on Urena lobata and this study expands the host range of E. quercicola. Further, we provided details of life cycle and geographical distribution of the fungus.
Restructuring Trade: Circulation of Medicinal Materials in East Asia in the 18th Century
Authors: WANG Zi , WU Qing
Published: May 2023

In the 18th century, the trade of medicinal materials in East Asia showed a trend of rapid development, and by the second half of the 18th century, it became the largest commodity category in East Asia's international trade. The growth of medicinal material trade during this period was not a simple trade issue, but was closely related to a series of changes in economic fields, such as the market network, trade balance and production. The changes in the international trade environment from the 17th to the 19th centuries greatly increased the demand for medicinal materials. It also affected the production of medicinal materials. The medicinal material industries in East Asian countries were characterised by specialisation and marketisation, and provided the market with abundant and high-quality medicinal materials. In turn, the development of the medicinal material industry promoted international trade, making medicinal materials the largest traded commodity in East Asia. In the 18th century, the development of medicinal material trade promoted the recalibration of international trade, and changed the commodity structure of East Asian trade. It is a result of the transformation of international trade and economic relations, and an important participant in the development of East Asian economy. Trade of medicinal materials in the 18th century expanded the market network and formed a positive interaction between trade and production, and reshaped the international trade structure of East Asia.
Highly accurate OAM mode detection network for ring Airy Gaussian vortex beams disturbed by atmospheric turbulence based on interferometry
Authors: Qin Hao , Fu Qin , Tan Wei , Zou Xuanpengfan , Huang Weiyi , Huang Zhongqiang , Wang Jiajia , Huang Xianwei , Bai Yanfeng , Fu Xiquan
Published: May 2023

Atmospheric turbulence reduces the detection accuracy of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, which affects the performance of OAM optical communication. In this paper, we propose a method based on interferometry and a residual network (ResNet) to detect the OAM modes of ring Airy Gaussian vortex beams (RAGVBs) disturbed by atmospheric turbulence. The RAGVBs first interfere with spherical waves to obtain the sign features of the OAM modes, and then ResNet is employed to recognize OAM modes from the interferograms. The results demonstrate that the detection accuracy is higher than that of the OAM spectrum method under different turbulence strengths. The detection accuracy can even reach over 99% under strong fluctuations. Our research provides a reference for improving the performance of OAM optical communication through atmospheric turbulence.
Artifact-free balanced detection for the measurement of circular dichroism with a sub-picosecond time resolution
Authors: Changenet Pascale , Hache François
Published: May 2023

Here we present the development of a subpicosecond spectropolarimeter enabling high sensitivity balanced detection of time-resolved circular dichroism (TRCD) signals from chiral sample in solution. The signals are measured with a conventional femtosecond pump-probe set-up using the combination of a quarter-waveplate and a Wollaston prism. This simple and robust method allows access to TRCD signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio and very short acquisition times. We provide a theoretical analysis of the artifacts of such detection geometry and the strategy to eliminate them. We illustrate the potential of this new detection with the study of the [Ru(phen)3]·2PF6 complexes in acetonitrile.
Excitation of out-of-plane lattice plasmons in dislocated nanostructures through near-field coupling
Authors: Liu Wen-jie , Li Fen , Zheng Yi-dong , Hu Xiao-long
Published: May 2023

Out-of-plane lattice plasmons (OLPs) show great potential in realizing high-quality factors due to the strong interparticle coupling. However, the strict conditions of oblique incidence bring challenges to experimental observation. This Letter proposes a new, to the best of our knowledge, mechanism to generate OLPs: through near-field coupling. Notably, with specially designed nanostructure dislocation, the strongest OLP can be achieved at normal incidence. The direction of energy flux of the OLPs is mainly determined by the wave vectors of Rayleigh anomalies. We further found that the OLP exhibits symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum characteristic, which explains the failure of previously reported symmetric structures to excite OLPs at normal incidence. Our work extends the understanding of the OLP and brings benefit to promote the flexible design of functional plasmonic devices.
Highly sensitive SPR curvature sensor based on graded-index fiber
Authors: Liu Chunbiao , Liu Chunlan , Wei Yong , Shi Chen , Wang Rui , Wang Xingkai , Ren Puxi , Tang Yixiong , Liu Zhihai , Zhang Yu
Published: May 2023

At present, fiber curvature sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) are mostly of the multimode fiber core type or cladding type. These types have many SPR modes, resulting that the sensitivity cannot be adjusted and is difficult to improve. In this Letter, a highly sensitive SPR curvature sensor based on graded-index fiber is proposed. The light-injecting fiber is eccentrically connected with the graded-index fiber to inject single-mode light. Due to the self-focusing effect, the light beam propagates in the graded-index multimode fiber with a cosine trajectory, and the cosine beam contacts the flat grooved sensing region fabricated on the graded-index fiber to generate SPR. Due to the single transmission mode of the proposed fiber SPR sensor, the curvature sensing sensitivity is greatly improved. By changing the light injection position of the graded-index multimode fiber, the sensitivity can be adjusted. The proposed curvature sensing probe has a high sensitivity and can identify the bending direction. When bending in the X direction, the sensitivity reaches 5.62 nm/m−1, and when bending in the − X direction, the sensitivity reaches 4.75 nm/m−1, which provides a new scheme for highly sensitive and directionally identifiable curvature measurement.
Paths to adaptation under fluctuating nitrogen starvation: The spectrum of adaptive mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is shaped by retrotransposons and microhomology-mediated recombination
Authors: Hays Michelle , Schwartz Katja , Schmidtke Danica T. , Aggeli Dimitra , Sherlock Gavin
Published: May 2023

There are many mechanisms that give rise to genomic change: while point mutations are often emphasized in genomic analyses, evolution acts upon many other types of genetic changes that can result in less subtle perturbations. Changes in chromosome structure, DNA copy number, and novel transposon insertions all create large genomic changes, which can have correspondingly large impacts on phenotypes and fitness. In this study we investigate the spectrum of adaptive mutations that arise in a population under consistently fluctuating nitrogen conditions. We specifically contrast these adaptive alleles and the mutational mechanisms that create them, with mechanisms of adaptation under batch glucose limitation and constant selection in low, non-fluctuating nitrogen conditions to address if and how selection dynamics influence the molecular mechanisms of evolutionary adaptation. We observe that retrotransposon activity accounts for a substantial number of adaptive events, along with microhomology-mediated mechanisms of insertion, deletion, and gene conversion. In addition to loss of function alleles, which are often exploited in genetic screens, we identify putative gain of function alleles and alleles acting through as-of-yet unclear mechanisms. Taken together, our findings emphasize that how selection (fluctuating vs. non-fluctuating) is applied also shapes adaptation, just as the selective pressure (nitrogen vs. glucose) does itself. Fluctuating environments can activate different mutational mechanisms, shaping adaptive events accordingly. Experimental evolution, which allows a wider array of adaptive events to be assessed, is thus a complementary approach to both classical genetic screens and natural variation studies to characterize the genotype-to-phenotype-to-fitness map.
Clinical characterization and factors associated with quality of life in Long COVID patients: Secondary data analysis from a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Samper-Pardo Mario , León-Herrera Sandra , Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara , Gascón-Santos Santiago , Sánchez-Recio Raquel
Published: May 2023

Background

Long COVID patients suffer a negative impact on their quality of life, as well as their functioning, productivity or socialization. There is a need to better understand the individual experience and circumstances surrounding these patients.

Objective

To characterize clinical picture of Long COVID patients and to identify factors associated with quality of life.

Methods

A secondary data analysis from a randomized clinical trial (RCT) was carried out with 100 Long COVID patients treated by Primary Health Care and residents in the territory of Aragon (northeast of Spain). The main variable of the study was quality of life, evaluated using the SF-36 Questionnaire, in relation to socio-demographic and clinical variables. In addition, ten validated scales were used that contemplated their cognitive, affective, functional and social status, as well as personal constructs. Correlation statistics and linear regression model were calculated.

Results

Long COVID patients suffer a decrease in their levels of physical and mental health. On the one hand, the higher number of persistent symptoms (b = -0.900, p = 0.008), worse physical functioning (b = 1.587, p = 0.002) and sleep quality (b = -0.538, p = 0.035) are predictors of worse quality of life, physical subscale. On the other hand, higher educational level (b = 13.167, p = 0.017), lower number of persistent symptoms (b = -0.621, p = 0.057) and higher affective affectation (b = -1.402, p<0.001) are predictors of worse quality of life, mental subscale.

Conclusion

It is necessary to design rehabilitation programs that consider both the physical and mental health of these patients, thus obtaining an improvement in their quality of life.
Relationship between brain volume reduction during the acute phase of sepsis and activities of daily living in elderly patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Hosokawa Toru , Kinoshita Kosaku , Ihara Shingo , Nakagawa Katsuhiro , Iguchi Umefumi , Hirabayashi Marina , Mutoh Tomokazu , Sawada Nami , Kuwana Tsukasa , Yamaguchi Junko
Published: May 2023

Brain damage in acute sepsis may be associated with poor long-term outcomes that impair reintegration into society. We aimed to clarify whether brain volume reduction occurs during the acute phase of sepsis in patients with acute brain damage. In this prospective, noninterventional observational study, brain volume reduction was evaluated by comparing head computed tomography findings at admission with those obtained during hospitalization. We examined the association between brain volume reduction and performance of the activities of daily living in 85 consecutive patients (mean age, 77 ± 12.7 years) with sepsis or septic shock. The bicaudate ratio increased in 38/58 (65.5%) patients, Evans index increased in 35/58 (60.3%) patients, and brain volume by volumetry decreased in 46/58 (79.3%) patients from the first to the second measurement, with significant increases in the bicaudate ratio (P < 0.0001) and Evans index (P = 0.0005) and a significant decrease in the brain volume by volumetry (P < 0.0001). The change rate for brain volume by volumetry was significantly correlated with the Katz index (ρ = −0.3790, P = 0.0094). In the acute phase of sepsis in this sample of older patients, 60–79% of patients showed decreased brain volumes. This was associated with a decreased capacity for performing activities of daily living.
Characterizing the One Health workforce to promote interdisciplinary, multisectoral approaches in global health problem-solving
Authors: Togami Eri , Behravesh Casey Barton , Dutcher Tracey V. , Hansen Gail R. , King Lonnie J. , Pelican Katharine M. , Mazet Jonna A. K.
Published: May 2023

Background

In recognition of the interconnected nature of complex challenges such as COVID-19, a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach, referred to as One Health, has been employed to address sustainable development and strengthen global health security. Although significant investments have been made to build global health capacity, characterization of the One Health is absent from the literature.

Methods and findings

We collected and analyzed perspectives from students, graduates, workers, and employers in One Health through a multinational online survey across health disciplines and sectors. Respondents were recruited through professional networks. A total of 828 respondents from 66 countries participated, representing governmental and academic institutions and students, among others; 57% were female, and 56% had completed professional health degrees. Interpersonal communication, communication with non-scientific audiences, and the ability to work in transdisciplinary teams were valued in the workplace and were considered essential competencies to build an interdisciplinary health workforce. Employers indicated difficulty recruiting workers, while workers indicated limited availability of positions. Employers identified limited funding and ill-defined career pathways as prominent challenges for retaining One Health workers.

Conclusions

Successful One Health workers use interpersonal skills and scientific knowledge to address complex health challenges. Aligning the definition of One Health will likely improve the matching of job seekers and employers. Encouraging the employment of the One Health approach for a diverse range of positions, even if they do not explicitly include “One Health” in the job title, and clarifying the expectations, roles and responsibilities within a transdisciplinary team will lead to building a stronger workforce. As One Health has evolved to address food insecurity, emerging diseases, and antimicrobial resistance, it holds promise for supporting an interdisciplinary global health workforce that can make substantial progress on Sustainable Development Goals and improve global health security for all.
The clinical value of proneural, classical and mesenchymal protein signatures in WHO 2021 adult-type diffuse lower-grade gliomas
Authors: Dénes Anna , Bontell Thomas Olsson , Barchéus Hanna , Vega Sandra Ferreyra , Carén Helena , Lindskog Cecilia , Jakola Asgeir S. , Smits Anja
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Accumulating evidence shows that mesenchymal transition of glioblastomas is associated with a more aggressive course of disease and therapy resistance. In WHO2021-defined adult-type diffuse gliomas of lower grade (dLGG), the transition of the tumor phenotype over time, has not been studied. Most efforts to correlate proneural, classical or mesenchymal phenotype with outcome in dLGG were made prior to the WHO 2021 classification. Here, we set out to investigate if phenotype predicted survival and tumor recurrence in a clinical cohort of dLGGs, re-classified according to the 2021 WHO criteria.

Methods

Using a TMA-based approach with five immunohistochemical markers (EGFR, p53, MERTK, CD44 and OLIG2), we investigated 183 primary and 49 recurrent tumors derived from patients with previously diagnosed dLGG. Of the 49 relapses, nine tumors recurred a second time, and one a third time.

Results

In total, 71.0% of all tumors could be subtyped. Proneural was most dominant in IDH-mut tumors (78.5%), mesenchymal more common among IDH-wt tumors (63.6%). There was a significant difference in survival between classical, proneural and mesenchymal phenotypes in the total cohort (p<0.001), but not after molecular stratification (IDH-mut: p = 0.220, IDH-wt: p = 0.623). Upon recurrence, proneural was retained in 66.7% of the proneural IDH-mut dLGGs (n = 21), whereas IDH-wt tumors (n = 10) mainly retained or gained mesenchymal phenotype. No significant difference in survival was found between IDH-mut gliomas remaining proneural and those shifting to mesenchymal phenotype (p = 0.347).

Conclusion

Subtyping into classical, proneural and mesenchymal phenotypes by five immunohistochemical markers, was possible for the majority of tumors, but protein signatures did not correlate with patient survival in our WHO2021-stratified cohort. At recurrence, IDH-mut tumors mainly retained proneural, while IDH-wt tumors mostly retained or gained mesenchymal signatures. This phenotypic shift, associated with increased aggressiveness in glioblastoma, did not affect survival. Group sizes were, however, too small to draw any firm conclusions.
Breast cancer-related lymphedema and recurrence of breast cancer: Protocol for a prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Zhuang Linli , Chen Qian , Chen Huaying , Zheng Xuemei , Liu Xia , Feng Zhenzhen , Wu Shaoyong , Liu Li , Shen Xiaolin
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The primary aim is to determine the factors associated with breast cancer-related lymphedema and to identify new associated factors for the recurrence of breast cancer and depression. The secondary objective is to investigate the incidence of breast cancer-related events (breast cancer-related lymphedema, recurrence of breast cancer, and depression). Finally, we want to explore and validate the complex relationship among multiple factors influencing breast cancer complications and breast cancer recurrence.

Patients and methods

A cohort study of females with unilateral breast cancer will be conducted in West China Hospital between February 2023 and February 2026. Breast cancer survivors in the age range of 17–55 will be recruited before breast cancer surgery. We will recruit 1557 preoperative patients with a first invasive breast cancer diagnosis. Consenting breast cancer survivors will complete demographic information, clinicopathological factors, surgery information, baseline information, and a baseline depression questionnaire. Data will be collected at four stages: the perioperative stage, chemotherapy therapy stage, radiation therapy stage, and follow-up stage. Data including the incidence and correlation of breast cancer-related lymphedema, breast cancer recurrence, depression, and medical cost will be collected and computed through the four stages above. For every statistical analysis, the participants will be classified into two groups based on whether they develop secondary lymphedema. Incidence rates of breast cancer recurrence and depression will be calculated separately for groups. Multivariate logistic regression will be used to determine whether secondary lymphedema and other parameters can predict breast cancer recurrence.

Discussion

Our prospective cohort study will contribute to establishing an early detection program for breast cancer-related lymphedema and recurrence of breast cancer, which are both associated with poor quality of life and reduced life expectancy. Our study can also provide new insights into the physical, economic, treatment-related and mental burdens of breast cancer survivors.
Health behaviors and care seeking practices for childhood diarrhea and pneumonia in a rural district of Pakistan: A qualitative study
Authors: Das Jai K. , Siddiqui Faareha , Padhani Zahra Ali , Khan Maryam Hameed , Jabeen Sultana , Mirani Mushtaq , Mughal Shaista , Baloch Shafaq , Sheikh Imtiaz , Khatoon Sana , Muhammad Khan , Gangwani Manesh , Nathani Karim , Salam Rehana A. , Bhutta Zulfiqar A.
Published: May 2023

Diarrhea and pneumonia are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five, and Pakistan is amongst the countries with the highest burden and low rates of related treatment coverage. We conducted a qualitative study as part of the formative phase to inform the design of the Community Mobilization and Community Incentivization (CoMIC) cluster randomized control trial (NCT03594279) in a rural district of Pakistan. We conducted in-dept interviews and focused group discussions with key stakeholders using a semi-structured study guide. Data underwent rigorous thematic analysis and major themes identified included socio-cultural dynamics, community mobilization and incentives, behavioral patterns and care seeking practices for childhood diarrhea and pneumonia, infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF), immunization, water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and access to healthcare. This study highlights shortcomings in knowledge, health practices and health systems. There was to a certain extent awareness of the importance of hygiene, immunization, nutrition, and care-seeking, but the practices were poor due to various reasons. Poverty and lifestyle were considered prime factors for poor health behaviors, while health system inefficiencies added to these as rural facilities lack equipment and supplies, resources, and funding. The community identified that intensive inclusive community engagement and demand creation strategies tied to conditioned short term tangible incentives could help foster behavior change.
Effect of acidic saliva on monomer leaching and surface roughness of 3D-printed and milled denture-base materials
Authors: Al-Otaibi Hanan , Basaqer Rafal , Almania Sarah , Alfouzan Afnan , Al Taweel Sara , Alshehri Huda , Labban Nawaf
Published: May 2023

The study evaluated the effect of different acidic salivary pH values on monomer leaching and surface roughness of conventional and CAD/CAM processed (milled and 3D-printed) denture base materials. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the quantity of residual methyl methacrylate monomer leaching after 30 days of immersion in acidic saliva. The surface roughness (Ra) before and after incubation was recorded using a non-contact optical profilometer. The monomer leaching and the surface roughness of the tested materials depended on the pH value of the saliva. The conventional denture framework material exhibited the highest and lowest leaching rates at pH=4.5 and pH=3.5, respectively, regardless of the treatment method. Among the CAD/CAM processed materials, the 3D-printed material showed the highest and lowest leaching at pH=5.5 and pH=3.5, respectively. Regardless of the pH, roughness after incubation was the lowest for conventional materials, and the highest for 3D printing.
Identifikasi Molekuler Chlorella sorokiniana menggunakan Marka ITS dan 18S rDNA serta Produksi Karotenoid dengan Perlakuan Cahaya
Authors: Zulkarnain Muhammad Iskandar , Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Suprihadi Agung , Zainuri Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Chlorella sorokiniana merupakan salah satu mikroalga penghasil astaxantin. Produksi astaxantin C. sorokiniana dapat meningkat pada kondisi kultur yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan identitas C. sorokiniana secara molekuler menggunakan ITS, dan 18S rDNA, serta untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi astaxantin C. sorokiniana berdasarkan perlakuan cahaya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini meliputi kultivasi mikroalga C. sorokiniana, isolasi DNA, uji kuantitatif DNA, identifikasi molekuler melalui proses amplifikasi DNA dengan PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) menggunakan marka molekuler ITS dan 18S rDNA, visualisasi hasil PCR dengan elektroforesis menggunakan GelDoc diikuti sekuensing DNA. Produksi astaxantin mikroalga C. sorokiniana dihitung selama 10 hari dibawah perlakuan cahaya matahari dan sinar UV. Identifikasi molekuler C. sorokiniana menggunakan ITS memperoleh dengan ukuran fragmen sebesar 500 pb, sedangkan fragmen 18S rDNA sebesar 600 pb. Pertumbuhan mikroalga C. sorokiniana kontrol pada hari ke-10 dengan kerapatan 15×106 sel/ml, sedangkan pada perlakuan cahaya matahari dan sinar UV pada hari ke-10 dengan kerapatan 38,45×106 sel/ml. Konsentrasi astaxantin yang dihasilkan mikroalga C. sorokiniana pada perlakuan kontrol mencapai tertinggi 0.3306 mg/mL dan pada perlakuan cahaya matahari dan sinar UV meningkat mencapai 0,3874 mg/mL.  Chlorella sorokiniana is one of the astaxanthin-producing microalgae. Astaxanthin production of C. sorokiniana can be increased under optimal culture conditions. This study aims to determine the molecular identity of C. sorokiniana using ITS and 18S rDNA, as well as to determine the growth and production of astaxanthin C. sorokiniana based light treatment. The methods used in this study included C. sorokiniana microalgae cultivation, DNA isolation, DNA quantitative testing, molecular identification through the process of DNA amplification with PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using ITS and 18S rDNA molecular markers, visualization of PCR results by electrophoresis using GelDoc followed by sequencing DNA. The astaxanthin production of C. sorokiniana microalgae was calculated for 10 days under sunlight and UV light treatment. Molecular identification of C. sorokiniana using ITS obtained a fragment size of 500 bp, while the 18S rDNA fragment was 600 bp. The growth of C. sorokiniana microalgae was controlled on day 10 with a density of 15×106 cells/ml, whereas in the treatment of sunlight and UV light on day 10 with a density of 38,45×106 cells/ml. The concentration of astaxanthin produced by C. sorokiniana microalgae in the control treatment reached 0,3306 mg/mL and in the sunlight and UV light treatments it increased to 0,3874 mg/mL.
Role of microbes in alleviating abiotic stress in plants
Authors: Soni Renu , Prakash Geeta , Sharma Shweta , Sinha Dwaipayan , Mishra Reema
Published: May 2023

The leading threat to agricultural productivity is the recurrent variations in environmental conditions. A battery of abiotic stresses namely flooding, salinity, temperature, drought, heavy metal toxicities, nutrient deficiencies and oxidative stress causes irreversible damage resulting in loss of plant’s vigor and yield. The relationship between plants and microorganisms is a highly dynamic system. The plant microbiome consists of plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi. In the last decade, many microbes that give hosts the ability to withstand abiotic stress have been characterized in detail. Their beneficial association with plants enables the plant to endure different stresses imposed on them thereby enhancing the plant's sustainability and productivity. For sustainable agriculture, it is very significant to comprehend microbiome-assisted mechanisms for mitigating abiotic stress. This review will shed light on the current knowledge about the roles of various microorganisms in mitigating against abiotic stresses. The understanding of these mechanisms will help to increase the yield of plants and meet the food demands of the expanding population.
Energetics and economics of green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] as influenced by varying land configuration and nutrient management
Authors: Rath Sweta , Mishra Gayatree , Gulati J.M.L. , Mohapatra A. K.
Published: May 2023

Field experiments were carried out at the Agronomy Main Research Farm, O.U.A.T. Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during 2019 and 2020 to find out energetics and economics of green gram as influenced by varying land configuration and nutrient management practices. Split-plot Design was adopted with three replications. Results of the experiment showed that raised bed method with PDM-139 cultivar in combination with F6 treatment gave the highest pooled yield (522.84 kg ha-1 and 455.29 kg ha-1) respectively. Similar trend was observed in Energy productivity (0.358kg MJ/ha and 0.335 kg/MJ respectively) and efficiency (1.42 kg MJ ha-1 and 1.17 MJ ha-1respectively). Economic analysis also revealed that flat bed with PDM-139 with F6 treatment combination gave the highest pooled B: C ratio (1.75) during the years of investigation.
Examining the Diversity of Corporate America and the Federal Government: A Comparison of Selected Sectors
Authors: Malone Duvalier
Published: May 2023

Managing diversity has become a fundamental priority of leading U.S. firms. Management of modern businesses must address the issue of employee diversity. Concomitantly, managing rising diversity demands greater consideration in governmental, corporate, and nonprofit enterprises. The researchers explore the effects of diversity and diversity management on employee views of organizational performance in U.S. federal agencies by establishing measures of three variables: diversity, workplace diversity, and perceived performance of the organization. Despite the fact that the motivations and practices of diverse companies are similar to those described in the best-practices industry, following these guidelines may not guarantee that a company will reach a high degree of diversity. A firm's level of diversity may be influenced as much by contextual factors like its industry affiliation and company size as by strategic factors. However, racial diversity does correlate favorably with organizational performance when tempered by diversity practices and group performance. Diverse perspectives on gender and age and the connections between these factors and other environmental factors lead to inconsistencies.
Validation of the Eating Habits Questionnaire in Greek adults
Authors: Bali Georgia , Kokka Ioulia , Gonidakis Fragiskos , Papakonstantinou Eleni , Vlachakis Dimitrios , Chrousos George P. , Kanaka-Gantenbein Christina , Bacopoulou Flora
Published: May 2023

Healthy eating has gained ground in people's daily lives in modern society. However, an overwhelming preoccupation with healthy eating can lead to a pathological form setting the ground for orthorexia nervosa. This study aimed to validate the Greek version of the Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ) in adults 18 to 65 years old. The EHQ evaluates orthorexia nervosa traits. An online survey was conducted among adults of the general Greek population by administrating a battery of self-report instruments. The IPIP Big-Five personality questionnaire, Beck’s Depression Inventory, the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, the Bulimic Investigatory Test, the Edinburg BITE, and the Eating Attitudes Test-13 were used. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent and criterion validity were examined. A total of 551 adults (92.2% females) voluntarily participated in the study. Results suggest that the Greek version of the instrument has good psychometric properties. Analysis revealed a 3-factor model explaining 48.20% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alphas ranged between 0.80 to 0.82, indicating good internal consistency. The test-retest reliability analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the measurements of the first and the post-2 weeks. Correlations with other eating disorder-related constructs were found to be weak to moderate. Body mass index was not significantly correlated with neither of the three EHQ subscales. The Greek version of EHQ is a robust instrument that could be used in clinical practice and research in the field of eating disorders in Greece.
Testing the relationship between the technical condition of motorcycle shock absorbers determined on the diagnostic line and their characteristics
Authors: Podosek Krzysztof , Jaśkiewicz Marek , Zuska Andrzej
Published: May 2023

The article presents the results of research on the relationship between the technical condition of motorcycle shock absorbers determined on the diagnostic line and their damping characteristics. The basic division of shock absorber tests was characterized, which includes tests of shock absorbers installed in the motorcycle and disassembled, carried out on a test stand made of MTS components. The results of two sets of shock absorbers tested using the EUSAMA and THETA methods, as well as tested on a stand for testing shock absorbers removed from a motorcycle, are discussed. Based on the obtained results, the best method of diagnosing shock absorbers was indicated.
The prevalence of smoking cigarettes among HIV-infected patients after a decade. Single-center analysis
Authors: Tochman Pola , Mikuła Tomasz , Lembas Agnieszka , Wiercińska-Drapało Alicja
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Smoking habit is known to be a risk factor for the development of multiple diseases and conditions, premature death, and worse quality of life. The prevalence of smoking in PLWH is 2–3 times higher than in the general population. The study aimed to evaluate how the prevalence of smoking has changed among PLWH over the past decade.

Methods

The data of n=204 PLWH hospitalized from November 2018 to November 2019 was analyzed. All patients filled out the survey including age, gender, the number of cigarettes smoked, the number of years as a smoker, and the impact of HIV diagnosis on the number of cigarettes smoked. The data was compared to a similar analysis performed in our department in 2009.

Results

The study showed a decrease in the prevalence of smoking among PLWH over the past decade. In comparison to 2009, a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in the number of smoking individuals among ever and never smokers was observed both in males and in females.

Conclusions

The prevalence of smoking cigarettes among PLWH in our department has significantly decreased since 2009 but remains much higher than in the general population. Smoking cessation interventions provided by HIV care professionals are necessary and should be continued among PLWH.
A global optimal resource scheduling algorithm in muti-layer optical networks
Authors: Zhang Lei , Chen Guangxuan , An Jing , Tian Li
Published: May 2023

This paper analyzed the characteristic of business flow and divided the business flow into two categories according to the flow distribution: elephant flow and mice flow, combined with the characteristics of the elephant flow’s high delay tolerance and bandwidth demand flexibility, focused on the multi-layer traffic coordination problem in the optical transport network, and the lack of fairness guarantee and multi-path transmission mechanism in the competition of bandwidth resources between elephant flows, realized the coordination of service traffic between the IP layer and the optical layer, proposed a periodic resource scheduling mechanism and a cross-layer global routing and bandwidth scheduling algorithm based on fairness and multi-path transmission under the unified control “IP over OTN” transport network architecture based on the SDN architecture and the OpenFlow protocol.
Two-dimensional material integrated micro-nano fiber, the new opportunity in all-optical signal processing
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Ma Wanzhuo , Fu Yanwei , Liu Xianzhu , Tao Zonghui , Song Yansong , Dong Keyan , Jiang Huilin
Published: May 2023

With the development of all-optical networks, all-optical devices have become a research hotspot in recent years. Two-dimensional materials, represented by graphene and black phosphorus, have attracted great interest in the scientific community due to their excellent optical, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical properties. Bridging the gap between fiber optics and nanotechnology, microfibers can interact with light and matter at the micro or even nanoscale. By combining two-dimensional materials with microfibers, composite waveguides can be formed. They have the advantages of high nonlinear effect, all-fiber structure, and high damage threshold, etc. The composite waveguide can be directly applied to optical fiber communication systems, and plays an important role in the field of all-optical signal processing with a huge application prospect. In this review, the properties of typical 2D materials are first introduced. Next, the preparation methods of the relevant equipments are introduced and compared. Then, the all-optical signal processing technology based on 2D material-integrated microfiber composite waveguide is reviewed. The latest developments of all-optical modulators, all-optical wavelength converters, all-optical logic gates and all-optical thresholding devices are presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for the future development of 2D materials-integrated microfiber optoelectronic devices are summarized.