bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitigação de Ataques no Roteamento em IoT Densa e Móvel Baseada em Agrupamento e Confiabilidade dos Dispositivos
Authors: Cervantes Christian , Nogueira Michele , Santos Aldri
Published: July 2021

Entre os desafios à implantação da IoT está sua vulnerabilidade a várias formas de ataques de roteamento por possuir uma infraestrutura variável, recursos computacionais distintos, e ser uma rede aberta e com objetos heterogêneos móveis. Os ataques sinkhole e selective forwarding destacam-se entre os mais destrutivos aos sistemas em redes não estruturadas. Embora os atuais sistemas de detecção de intrusão (IDS) sejam uma boa contramedida de proteção das redes e sistemas de disseminação de dados contra ataques na IoT, eles possuem diversas restrições de custos e desempenho. Este artigo propõe um sistema de detecção de intrusão contra ataques sinkhole e selective forwarding sobre o roteamento na IoT densa e móvel. O sistema, chamado Thatachi, utiliza agrupamento para lidar com a densidade e a mobilidade, e combina estratégias de watchdog, reputação e confiança na detecção de atacantes, a fim de garantir confiabilidade aos dispositivos. A avaliação do Thatachi no simulador Cooja mostrou sua eficácia na mitigação dos ataques e seu baixo consumo de recursos.
Uma estratégia online para degradação de serviço com QoS proporcional em Redes Ópticas Elásticas
Authors: Santos Alex S. , Santi Juliana de , Figueiredo Gustavo B.
Published: July 2021

As Redes Ópticas Elásticas representam uma nova abordagem para lidar com o elevado tráfego de dados nas redes de alto desempenho, ao oferecer largura de banda mais próxima da solicitada pelos usuários. Na literatura atual é possível perceber a ausência de estratégias online para degradação de serviço, que consiste em uma abordagem utilizada para lidar com a falta de recursos ópticos disponíveis. Neste trabalho é proposto uma estratégia online para degradação de serviço usando o modelo de QoS proporcional. Esta estratégia visa reduzir a probabilidade de bloqueio causada por falta de recursos ópticos, e dar um melhor tratamento para diferentes classes de serviço. Além disso, os pares de nós origem-destino foram modelados como um sistema de enfileiramento operando sobre a política Generalized Processor Sharing (GPS) com admissão de controle Leaky Bucket com o objetivo de quantificar o impacto da degradação nos lightpaths. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a estratégia proposta pode reduzir a probabilidade de bloqueio fornecendo aos operadores de rede maior controle entre diferentes classes de serviços degradadas.
Alocação de recursos em redes LTE utilizando bandas não-licenciadas
Authors: Lima Henrique V. , Bueno Elivelton F. , Cardoso Kleber V.
Published: July 2021

A LTE (Long Term Evolution) em banda não-licenciada (U-LTE) surgiu como uma solução promissora para o problema do enorme crescimento no tráfego de dados móveis. Ela amplia os benefícios da LTE com bandas do espectro não-licenciado de 5 GHz, usado principalmente em Wi-Fi. Mas incertezas quantoá disponibilidade dessas bandas tornam a adoção da U-LTE um grande desafio. Neste trabalho, propomos uma abordagem de programação estocástica para alocação de recursos a fim de expandir o atendimento por U-LTE sob um certo controle no risco de conflito com o Wi-Fi. Usamos três modelos da literatura para a demanda por Wi-Fi em nossos testes. Os resultados destacam a importância do conhecimento prévio sobre a distribuição dessa demanda.
Identificação da Reputação de Áreas Urbanas Externas com Dados de Mídias Sociais
Authors: Santos Frances A. , Silva Thiago H. , Loureiro Antonio A. F. , Boukerche Azzedine , Villas Leandro A.
Published: July 2021

Aprender a percepção das pessoas que emerge dasáreas urbanas tem sido um objetivo de pesquisa multidisciplinar, pois oferece um grande potencial para facilitar a difícil tarefa de compreender as características intrínsecas dasáreas urbanas, por exemplo, sua reputação. Para isso, comumente, são exploradas abordagens tradicionais de coleta de dados, como entrevistas. No entanto, tais métodos não escalam facilmente, dificultando a execução desse tipo de análise para um grande número de lugares. Para superar esse desafio, propomos um método alternativo que explora dados de redes sociais baseadas em localização (LBSNs). O nosso método inovador, chamado de REP-Map, trata da descoberta e mapeamento da reputação dasáreas urbanas externas, explorando aspectos semânticos e espaciais em mensagens compartilhadas em LBSNs. Estudando áreas externas de Chicago, mostramos, através de uma pesquisa com voluntários, que nosso método pode capturar a reputação que os usuários consideram em relação a essasmáreas urbanas externas.
Análise do Desempenho da Virtualização Leve para Ambientes com Edge Computing baseada em NFV
Authors: Trindade Leon Valentim Porto , Costa Luís Henrique M. K.
Published: July 2021

O paradigma de Virtualização de Funções de Rede (NFV) está mudando a forma pela qual os serviços de rede são providos, permitindo o mesmo grau de versatilidade e agilidade já visto na computação na nuvem. Porém, é possível implementar as funções virtuais através da virtualização tradicional baseada em hipervisores ou da virtualização leve, constituindo um compromisso entre flexibilidade e desempenho. Assim, este trabalho compara o desempenho em ambientes que utilizam tecnologia de virtualização com hipervisor aos que utilizam contêineres, a fim de verificar a mais adequada para ambientes operacionais aliados ao conceito de Edge Computing baseada em NFV. Com isso, pretende-se aferir a capacidade dessas tecnologias serem transparentes ao usuário em relação ao desempenho. Para tanto, foram feitos benchmarkings de CPU, memória, Entrada/Saída (I/O) de disco, rede e aplicação, evidenciando a baixa sobrecarga da virtualização leve, que chega a se aproximar do cenário nativo em certos casos.
Análise da Cobertura Espacial de uma Rede de Sensores Baseada em Ônibus Urbanos
Authors: Cruz Pedro , Couto Rodrigo S. , Costa Luís Henrique M. K.
Published: July 2021

Cidades inteligentes podem utilizar ônibus urbanos equipados com sensores para aumentar a cobertura espacial, com pouca necessidade de infraestrutura. Nesse contexto, este trabalho estuda a cobertura de uma rede de sensores móveis com mobilidade provida por ônibus urbanos. Para tal, propõe-se um modelo de cobertura e formula-se um problema de otimização que maximiza a região coberta para um dado número de ônibus que realizam sensoriamento. O problema é aplicado a dados reais dos ônibus da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, determinando a maior área sensoriável com um número limitado de sensores. Os resultados mostram que 18% da frota cobre pelo menos 94% das ruas do Rio de Janeiro com circulação de ônibus, ou o equivalente a 5.606 km de ruas.
Tá na Hora: analisando a latência de modificação de tabelas de fluxo em arquiteturas de switches SDN
Authors: Mazzola Fabrício , Marcon Daniel , Neves Miguel , Barcellos Marinho
Published: July 2021

O conhecimento existente sobre latência do plano de controle em switches de Redes Definidas por Software (SDN) é limitado a um pequeno conjunto de dispositivos. Trabalhos recentes focam somente em instâncias equipadas com memória TCAM ou realizam uma comparação simplista entre um conjunto limitado de dispositivos. Entretanto, atualmente há uma grande diversidade de switches SDN, incluindo diferentes implementações, uso de memórias e estruturas de casamento (match) de fluxos. Essa heterogeneidade torna desafiador prever o desempenho dos switches ao lidar com requisições do plano de controle. Nesse artigo, apresentamos uma avaliação abrangente que considera diversas arquiteturas de switches SDN e avalia o seu respectivo desempenho ao executar as operações-chave de atualização da tabela de fluxos (inserção, modificação e remoção). Nós mostramos que arquiteturas distintas, juntamente com parâmetros do OpenFlow, podem influenciar significativamente no tempo de atualização das tabelas de fluxos. Em particular, (i) a diferença de latência pode chegar a até três ordens de magnitude; e (ii) parâmetros do OpenFlow podem aumentar o tempo de configuração dos fluxos em até 12x para modificação e 6x para remoção de regras em um mesmo switch.
Identificação de Fluxos Elefantes em Redes de Ponto de Troca de Tráfego com Suporte à Programabilidade P4
Authors: Silva Marcus Vinicius Brito da , Marques Jonatas Adilson , Gaspary Luciano Paschoal , Granville Lisandro Zambenedetti
Published: July 2021

Diante dos desafios encontrados no gerenciamento de fluxos que trafegam sobre uma rede de ponto de troca de tráfego, a identificação dos chamados fluxos elefantes pode contribuir na qualidade dos serviços prestados aos seus participantes. Nessa perspectiva, aproveitando os recursos encontrados em switches com suporte a programabilidade, este trabalho apresenta um mecanismo para realizar a identificação de fluxos elefantes diretamente no plano de dados programável da rede. Cada pacote é analisado por um switch ao ingressar na rede e o processo de identificação ocorre de forma imediata. O protótipo desenvolvido em P4 mostrou-se significativamente mais eficiente em relaçãoás abordagens do estado da arte implementadas com o protocolo OpenFlow. Os resultados demonstraram que é possível identificar os fluxos elefantes de forma rápida e eficiente, com menos de 35% de falsos positivos e menos de 10% de falsos negativos, em um cenário cujos recursos de memória eram escassos.
Escalando caching em redes orientadas a conteúdo via mecanismos de histerese
Authors: Mendonça Gabriel , Domingues Guilherme , Souza e Silva Edmundo de , Leão Rosa , Menasché Daniel
Published: July 2021

Caching é um dos elementos fundamentais de sistemas em redes. Filtrando requisições para os custodiantes, caches reduzem a banda na rede e o atraso para os clientes. Entretanto, parametrizar políticas de cache do tipo time-to-live (TTL) pode não ser uma tarefa fácil. Nossas contribuições nesse trabalho são: 1) fórmulas fechadas para medidas de interesse em caches TTL baseados em RC, que permitem determinar de forma simples parâmetros ótimos para uma cache; 2) análise de desempenho a partir de traces reais; 3) uso de técnicas de aprendizado por máquina para simpliﬁcação das fórmulas obtidas, facilitando a parametrização e interpretação de resultados.
Migração proativa de máquinas virtuais para aplicações móveis na computação em névoa
Authors: Gonçalves Diogo M. , Bittencourt Luiz F. , Madeira Edmundo M. R.
Published: July 2021

Aplicações frequentemente utilizam nuvens como suporte ao processamento e armazenamento. A diversidade de aplicações móveis traz também uma diversidade de requisitos de qualidade de serviço, tais como requisitos estritos de atraso e disponibilidade de acesso. A computação em névoa inclui recursos computacionais na borda da rede para que o atraso no tempo de resposta possa ser reduzido. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma política de migração proativa de máquinas virtuais em ambientes de névoa a fim de melhorar o gerenciamento dos recursos computacionais utilizados pelos véıculos conectados a essa infraestrutura. Simulações sugerem que a utilização de predições sobre o trajeto futuro do véıculo pode melhorar o gerenciamento de recursos da névoa, mantendo a máquina virtual do usuário em dispositivos de névoa tão próximos quanto possível do trajeto do automóvel. A solução apresentada reduz o número de migrações realizadas durante o trajeto do usuário sem prejudicar o tempo de resposta da máquina virtual alocada na névoa.
Ajuste Dinâmico do Tráfego de Gerenciamento em Redes 802.11 Infraestruturadas com Baixa Mobilidade
Authors: Ferreira Gabriel de Carvalho , Barreto Priscila Solis , Alchieri Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Nos últimos anos as redes sem ﬁo vêm sendo utilizadas de forma mais ampla e seu monitoramento revela que ainda existem deﬁciências chaves na implementação do protocolo 802.11 que podem ser alteradas para melhorar a eﬁciência e o desempenho de ponta a ponta. Nessas redes, em que o meio é compartilhado, o tráfego de gerenciamento é um elemento essencial que entre outras funções permite manter a conectividade e promover qualidade do serviço. Entretanto, no caso em que as redes apresentam baixa mobilidade, as frequentes transmissões de quadros do tipo beacon pelos pontos de acesso causam uma sobrecarga nos canais que pode ser caracterizada como tráfego desnecessário, que aumenta linearmente a cada ponto de acesso adicional. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma proposta de alteração no protocolo 802.11 para dar suporte ao ajuste dinâmico do intervalo entre transmissões de quadros do tipo beacon, com o objetivo de aumentar a eﬁciência da rede. A proposta se baseia na observação de certos padrões de movimentação geográﬁca das estações que compartilhem o mesmo canal, sendo estes padrões incomuns em redes de baixa mobilidade e que podem indicar que estações se associarão ou dissociarão de um ponto de acesso em um futuro próximo. Os resultados de simulações mostram que o ajuste dinâmico pode ser eﬁcaz e aumentar a vazão da rede em ambientes com estações de baixa mobilidade.
Private Rechtsdurchsetzung bei Urheberrechtsverletzungen im Internet
Authors: Askani Helena
Published: July 2021

Rights holders increasingly seek to involve private market players – i.e. intermediaries such as YouTube, Facebook and Google – to curb and prevent (copyright) infringements on the Internet. The study addresses the causes, the factual and legal premises as well as the implications of this "private copyright enforcement" and points out the possibilities and limits of involving private market players in law enforcement. In addition, the study analyzes and evaluates the possibilities for further development and improvement from a regulatory perspective, also and especially against the background of current legislative developments.
Spannungsfelder der Internationalisierung
Authors: Faust Julian
Published: July 2021

This historical study analyses German multinationals’ business strategies in independent India. It deals with economic and political expectations relating to the Indian market against the backdrop of Cold War tensions and analyses the positioning of Indo–German joint ventures within this setting. India became a focal point for varying political and economic interests during its decolonisation. This study of business history provides a deep insight into the rarely explored area of German business strategies in India and decolonised economies. It explores expectations upon Germany’s market entry in the 1950s and its strategies and products for market penetration and positioning in the tightly regulated and nationalist Indian economy of the 1960s and 1970s.
Der apollinisch-dionysische Geist der Sozialpolitik und der Gemeinwirtschaft
Authors: Schulz-Nieswandt Frank
Published: July 2021

In this book, the historical dynamics of social policy, common welfare economics and the politics of social services of general interest, justified by personalist ethics, are understood as endogenous, dialectical mechanisms of the polarity between the principles of Apollonian order and Dionysian transgression; as a logical form of the philosophy of history on the ontological pathway to the concrete utopia of the truth of socially caring communities comprised of free people living according to their belief in reciprocal responsibility; and as a system of solidarity based on love.
La Providencia de Dios en las calamidades humanas
Authors: Grossi Vittorino ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

This article examines the attitude of the Christian pietas presented by Augustine in the sermons on the sacking of Rome by the Goths of Alaric on August 24, 410. Four Augustine’s sermons compare the reaction of the pagans with that of Christians (exc. urb.; s. 296; s. 105; s. 81). The article analyzes in detail the four sermons, its historiographical context and the proposal of a new History made by Augustine. On the other hand, the article presents the indications of the Bishop of Hippo on the Providence of God in human disgraces, having as a guideline the Augustinian symbol of the six days of the Creation, as well as the action of the Providence of God, particularly related to disasters, taking as a starting point, Augustine’s Work prou. diu., and also studying in a synthetic way, other texts of the Augustine’s works where this topic is discussed.
Heidegger on Hölderlin’s Festival
Authors: Warnes Mathias ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

After accounting for the holiday festival as a philosophical theme across Heidegger’s early to later writings, this paper summarizes the 1943 “Andenken” essay on Hölderlin’s “wedding festival” and 1959 “Hölderlin’s Earth and Heaven” essay on the “round dance.” It then explores how these motifs of the wedding and its round dance are in play in the 1936/7 Contributions to Philosophy: Of the Event manuscript, especially in its philosophy of attunement, and notion of the “celebration of the last god.”
Ereignis as Singularity
Authors: Vandevelde Pol ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

The notion of event (Ereignis) that Heidegger introduces in the 1930s names a singularity as something that happens (geschehen), but cannot be repeated and cannot thus fall under a concept. The same holds for the notion of “other beginning,” which thus cannot be in continuity with the first beginning. I show that Heidegger uses two different descriptions of such an event: a messianic or diachronic one—something will happen, we are in transition toward it—and a synchronic one: the event permeates our ways of thinking now. I show that Michel Foucault’s understanding of “the event in thought” (l’événement dans la pensée) that he uses and applies in his Hermeneutics of the Subject can help us understand that the two aspects of the event—messianic and synchronic—are not contradictory, but belongs of necessity to a thinking of a singularity, as Heidegger practices it.
On Thinkers, Poets, and Mysterious Guests in Heidegger’s Second Country Path Conversation (GA 77)
Authors: Benso Silvia ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

The paper argues that the second of Martin Heidegger’s Country Path Conversations (GA 77), namely, “Der Lehrer trifft den Türmer an der Tür zum Turmaufgang,” provides the reader with a live performance of a dialogue (much advocated by Heidegger) between a poet and a thinker. Through a textual analysis of various dramatic elements in the conversation, I provide an imaginative albeit plausible identification of the three characters in the dialogue (namely, the teacher, the tower warden, and the guest) that makes sense in light of the overall conversational context and opens new possibilities for the philosophical meaning of the conversation itself.
The Politics of Spirit and the Self-Destruction of the State to Come
Authors: Mitchell Andrew ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Among the Black Notebooks, the one entitled Considerations and Hints III, gives us Heidegger’s thoughts from his time as the rector of Freiburg University, April 21, 1933–April 28, 1934. In it we find Heidegger proposing and defending his own peculiar conception of a “spiritual National Socialism [geistige Nationalsozialismus]” (GA 94: 135). Insofar as “National Socialism” is a political determination and “spirit” an ontological one, Überlegungen III presents us with Heidegger’s “political ontology,” what I will term a thinking of “mediation,” properly understood. Delving into this ontology shows that mediation, the condition of being “in the middle,” of being “between,” is no stable state at all, but one prone to collapse and cancellation. This paper explores three factors in the Notebook that are antagonistic to mediation, and thus to spiritual National Socialism. Two of them Heidegger himself identifies—mediocrity and forgery—the third he does not: enmity. Spiritual National Socialism is doomed to failure, but not for the reasons Heidegger decries. It fails due to the antagonism that necessitates an enemy as Heidegger construes it. Among the Black Notebooks, the one entitled Considerations and Hints III, gives us Heidegger’s thoughts from his time as the rector of Freiburg University, April 21, 1933–April 28, 1934.159 The bulk of the notebook consists in the central section “From the Time of the Rectorate,” which includes entries dated from the very last day of the rectorate, attempts at the wording of a farewell speech, mottos, titled assessments, and retrospective glances over the year just past. In it we find Heidegger proposing and defending his own peculiar conception of a “spiritual National Socialism [geistige Nationalsozialismus]” (GA 94: 135). Insofar as “National Socialism” is a political determination and “spirit” an ontological one, Überlegungen III presents us with Heidegger’s “political ontology,” what I will term a thinking of “mediation,” properly understood. Delving into this ontology shows that mediation, the condition of being “in the middle,” of being “between,” is no stable state at all, but one prone to collapse and cancellation. Today I wish to explore three factors that are antagonistic to mediation, and thus to spiritual National Socialism. Two of them Heidegger himself identifies—mediocrity and forgery—the third he does not: enmity. Spiritual National Socialism is doomed to failure, but not for the reasons Heidegger decries. It fails due to the antagonism that necessitates an enemy as Heidegger construes it.
Heidegger’s Jewish Conceptions of Being, Language, and Time
Authors: Dahlstrom Daniel ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to consider ways that Heidegger’s thinking relates to some main lines of traditional Jewish thought. Following Heidegger’s own hermeneutical principle of trying to think what an author leaves unthought, Marlene Zarader took up a similar line of consideration in her aptly named work, La dette impensée: Heidegger et l’heritage hébraique. Zarader’s work has come in for at least two sorts of criticism. She has been criticized for (a) leaving the impression that there is a single Hebraic tradition to which Heidegger’s debt can be traced and (b) largely restricting her account of that tradition to twentieth century scholars (notably, Scholem). In my opinion, these criticisms, though not without merit, overreach. Still, while such considerations mitigate the force of these criticisms, they do so by conceding that they have a point. Accordingly, the present paper is meant to serve as a complement to Zarader’s project, in light of these criticisms. In the interest of indicating how Heidegger’s thinking echoes various Hebraic traditions, I discuss three distinct sources of those echoes: Maimonides’ negative theology, Mendelssohn’s conception of language (as it contrasts with Solomon Maimon’s conception), and the messianic idea of the Lurianic Kabbalastic tradition.
The Late Heidegger and a Post-Theistic Understanding of Religion
Authors: Gutschmidt Rico ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

The relation of Heideggerʼs philosophy to theology is a problem that remains of current interest, particularly because Heideggerʼs later philosophy offers some hints towards an interpretation of religious language between theism and non-cognitivism. According to this post-theistic reading, the talk about god neither refers to an existent being, nor simply expresses religious feelings. Instead, religious language can be interpreted as describing in its own way the groundlessness of the world. This paper discusses Heideggerʼs later philosophy against this background. In what follows, I will draw upon the work of Wittgenstein and refer to the cosmological argument to read Heidegger in terms of a post-theistic account of religion. This not only contributes to a philosophical understanding of religious language, but also yields a new interpretation of Heideggerʼs later philosophy, which, in spite of its hermeticism, has a specific relevance to the philosophy of religion that still needs to be explored.
The Scope of Heidegger’s Hermeneutic Transformation in 1919 and Some Caveats Regarding His Interpretation of Husserl
Authors: Escudero Jesús A. ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

The idea that Husserl’s phenomenology is a kind of reflective philosophy inspired by the Cartesian tradition has become a commonplace in the philosophical literature. Heidegger was one of the first thinkers who criticized the Husserlian emphasis on reflection and transcendental phenomenology. Since then it is easy to find the affirmation that Husserl and Heidegger developed two different, even antagonistic concepts of phenomenology. Here is not the place to continue embracing this discussion. Based on the complex development process of Heidegger’s hermeneutic phenomenology in the course of his early lectures in Freiburg, the present paper weighs up some of Heidegger’s critical remarks regarding the reflective nature of Husserlian phenomenology in the light of important textual evidences ignored not only by Heidegger, but also by a surprising number of specialists in the fields of philosophy, cognitive sciences, and philosophy of mind.
Attunements, Truth, and Errancy in Heidegger’s Thinking
Authors: Vallega-Neu Daniella ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

This paper addresses not only what Heidegger writes about attunement, truth, and errancy, but also how they play out in his own thinking. It focuses on Heidegger’s non-public writings in the 30s and 40s and argues that what one may call Heidegger’s errancies, especially in his Black Notebooks, have their seat in a blindness connected to the ways attunements dispose his thinking. The paper first traces how Heidegger’s understanding of attunements from Being and Time to Contributions acquires more and more a historical determination. It then questions the difference between attunements that are grounding and attunements that are not grounding but disclosive with relation to specific things and events, and how this difference in attunements relates to Heidegger’s understanding of truth and errancy (Irre). This is followed by a closer look at how errancy is operative at a dispositional level (at the level of attunements) in his non-public writings. The paper argues that just as errancy cannot be removed from truth, non-grounding attunements cannot be removed from grounding attunements. In other words, attunements, and this includes Heidegger’s attunements, cannot be simply disconnected from things, events, and embodied lineages. The paper closes with the question of how determinations arise from attunements and what determines attunements.
…And the Whole Music Box Repeats Eternally Its Tune
Authors: Elkayam Jessica S. ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

In the following paper, pursuing a lead from Heidegger’s 1937 reading of Nietzsche’s Also Sprach Zarathustra, I look to the 1929/30 lecture course Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik for a corresponding conception of awakening in Heidegger’s own (openly metaphysical) thinking that would indicate a deeper connection of the two thinkers than meets the eye. I locate the awakening of a fundamental attunement, which I explore first, through the meaning of awakening as counterposed to sleep (an image of forgetting for both Nietzsche and Heidegger). As a didactic metaphor, I offer the optic of the lucid dream through which we are given to consider the horizonal negotiation of the everyday self and of Dasein as simultaneously awake. The lucid dream can perdure only momentarily, however, lest we risk life and limb, but it nevertheless has the potential to be transformative of life. Once awakening is properly explored, the investigation shifts to method: how should an attunement be awakened? I demonstrate that Heidegger’s argument turns on the horizonal negotiation of the simultaneous Being-there and not-there of the human being. Finally, focusing on the function of horizon in Heidegger’s positive characterization of attunement, I argue that Heidegger’s deployment of the Weise as melody speaks directly to the Weise of Nietzsche’s eternal recurrence.
Heidegger’s Birth
Authors: Hanly Peter ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

It is an opinion often ventured that Heidegger, having opened very briefly – in Being and Time – the question of birth, fails to properly engage the matter. It is said that, despite the thinking of historicity initiated there, and the occasional reference in later writings, the question of the natal is not properly addressed in his work. Instead, we are told, it is Hannah Arendt who picks up this neglected thread, turning it into a cornerstone of her thinking. This paper seeks to show that this story is inaccurate: that the development of a conception of ‘Anfang’ in the texts of the late 1930’s can be seen to address in a decisive manner the question of what will be called ‘natality.’ Aspects of the texts from this period, and in particular of the volume Über den Anfang (GA 70) can be read so as to reveal a rich and complex response to this problem, one that reverses many presuppositions regarding Heidegger’s work at this time, and more than filling this apparent lacuna.
The “Unworlded World”
Authors: Colledge Richard ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

This talk approaches the closely inter-connected themes of nature and Vorhandenheit in the early Heidegger by initially distinguishing three internally complex senses of these terms (the theoretical, the intraworldly and the extraworldly,) before honing in on the last of these: i.e., nature understood as radical non-hermeneutical excess (Übermaß.) In what follows, a series of early Heideggerian texts are discussed in terms of the way that this theme emerges in his thought, and its ambiguous place as a locus of the incomprehensible “unworlded world” over against the major stream of Heideggerian ontology as a thinking about the clearing of meaning. It is in this context that the difficult question of the ontological status of unworlded nature is broached in the context of Richard Polt’s discussion of the theme of excess in Heidegger.
Heidegger’s Sexless Community
Authors: Drouillard Jill ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Birds do it, bees do it…does Dasein do it? This question is less about whether members of Heidegger’s community have sex and more about whether the notion of sexual difference plays a primordial role in the existential make-up of a community. John Haugeland states, “Dasein is neither people nor their being but rather a way of life shared by members of some community.1” What is shared here is an understanding of being that is, in a certain way, chained to a body that is historically contingent. Does the fact that bodies are sexed say [Sagen/Zeigen] anything about our way of Being? To answer the opening question, according to Heidegger, Dasein doesn’t do it. That bodies are sexed merits no serious analysis, and the act of having sex, despite its being responsible for the infinite propagation of beings (for whom Being is an issue) is of no ontological significance: Ni homme, ni femme- c’est un Dasein. This phrase is a reformulation of Guenther Anders’ statement, “Ni homme, ni capucin- c’est un Dasein”. Neither surrendering to the desires or material concerns of man, nor transcending to the supra-natural world of the divine, Heidegger’s philosophy of Dasein is one of pseudo-concreteness. Dasein is the middleman, forgetful of the milieu4. If ancient metaphysicians forgot the meaning of Being [ϕνσις] by neglecting its duality, Heidegger is equally guilty in overlooking the dynamic unfolding of the dialectic of sex.
From Oikeiosis to Ereignis: Heidegger and the Fate of Stoicism
Authors: Hayes Josh Michael ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

This paper proceeds by investigating three ‘topoi’ or sites within Heidegger’s texts where the presence of Stoicism most fundamentally articulates itself as critical to his understanding of the truth of being (aletheia) and its historical destining as Ereignis. We will begin with the “Letter on Humanism” (1947), the most comprehensive “public’ statement of his later thought-by first considering how Ereignis-often translated as the event or event of appropriation to indicate the historical destining of being-might be said to be consonant with the Stoic doctrine of oikeiosis-the appropriation or familiarization with oneself echoed by both Chrysippus and Hierocles. In doing so, we will attempt to trace Heidegger’s interpretation of oikeiosis back into the origins of his fundamental ontology by turning to the genesis of care/cura (Sorge) in Sein und Zeit (1927)-specifically the Roman myth of Hyginus that bears its name-before concluding with an early lecture course, Introduction to the Phenomenology of Religion (1920-1921) where his engagement with the Pauline tradition reveals oikeiosis to be a hidden enigma in his thinking about the meaning of being and its historical destining.
Heidegger’s First-Personal Forgetfulness and the Foundations of Community
Authors: Shoppa Clayton ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Heidegger’s National Socialist political sympathies are plainer and more troubling to contemporary readers than ever before. This paper examines the relation of leader to society Heidegger uses to ground his account of the state. Heidegger draws on Aristotle and Kant to make his case in the 1930s. But breakthroughs in the previous decade, in Being and Time in particular, make the political ontology he endorses less than compelling. The power of the leader over the society he or she leads cannot repeat the relation of Being over entities. The ontological difference is different from, and incompatible with, all possible statements of political community. Ontologically speaking, totalitarianism is a category mistake. Confusing the transcendental domain for its ontic content, Heidegger refuses to learn his own lesson in ways Eric Voegelin helps us detect.
Care, Concern, and Community: Heidegger on the Case of Paul
Authors: Sigrist Michael ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

It is often alleged that there is no substantial possibility for authentic community in Heidegger. This is encouraged by Heidegger’s frequent disparaging remarks about the public and public life. However, there are also several substantial passages, both in Being and Time and elsewhere, where Heidegger seems to endorse a notion of communal and historical being together. In this paper I try to work out this apparent inconsistency in a way that favors the possibility of authentic community. First, I explain the reasoning behind several influential accounts which argue that authenticity and community are essentially in tension. I argue that these interpretations mistakenly attribute a thesis about language and intelligibility—conflating Heidegger’s phenomenology of language with linguistic pragmatism or conventionalism—that Heidegger almost certainly did not share. Disabused of this mistaken attribution, the purported essential tension between authenticity and community is dissolved. Still, it’s true that public life can be and usually is at odds with authentic existence, and so there is a difference between ‘the public’ and an authentic community. I examine Heidegger’s early lectures on Paul’s attempt to maintain an authentic community among early Christian congregations to illustrate and explain this inherent tension or ambiguity.
Authentic Ressentiment?
Authors: van Tuinen Sjoerd ,   DePaul University
Published: July 2021

Following Nietzsche, we can discern two types of therapeutical voice on ressentiment, which find themselves in a polemical relation to one another: The philosopher and the priest. In this paper, I turn to a third polemical voice, embodied by Jean Améry, namely that of the victim who bears witness to his own ressentiment. A dialectical reconstruction of this standpoint within the polemical triangle contributes to the Améry reception in three ways: (1) It is no longer necessary to justify his tactlessness through the exceptional context of the objectively recognized lived experience of victimhood. (2) It shows that Améry’s assumption of his “authentic ressentiment” is not just “anti-Nietzschean” (Jameson, Žižek) but first of all anti-pastoral. (3) Beyond the question of (in)authenticity, this also implies that the political significance of Améry’s testimony lies in its literary and conceptual systematicity no less than as a description of lived experience.
Measuring the Efficacy of Pathology Career Recruitment Strategies in US Medical Students
Authors: Hernandez Patricia V. , Razzano Dana , Riddle Nicole D. , Fallon John T. , Islam Humayun K. , Mirza Kamran M. , Pattarkine Rugved , Platero Tania , Hermelin Daniela , Adem Patricia V. , Booth Adam L. , Nachinga Eunice Mbela , Reddy Kalpana S. , Mares Angelica , Lento Patrick A.
Published: July 2021

Context.—

Multiple articles and surveys in the literature suggest that medical students find a career in pathology undesirable and believe it is disproportionately focused primarily on the autopsy.

Objective.—

To measure the effect of applied interventions on medical student attitudes about the field of pathology.

Design.—

This prospective study involving medical students from first through fourth year was conducted as a pilot study in 2 medical schools in the United States. A 2-part anonymous survey regarding interest in pathology as a career and familiarity with the specialty using a 10-point scale was given to first- and second-year medical students before and after they listened to a 10-minute pathology career presentation. The same survey was given to third- and fourth-year medical students before and after a 4-week pathology elective.

Results.—

A total of 121 and 83 students responded to the survey before and after the intervention, respectively. Of the 121 students who responded to the survey before the intervention, 106 (87.6%) had not spent significant time in a pathology laboratory before the intervention. The majority of responses in interest in career, job responsibilities, and features of pathologists before and after the intervention demonstrated a statistically significant difference (P < .001). We compared survey scores of presentation versus 4-week rotation groups before and after the intervention. Students who experienced the presentation did not differ from students who experienced the rotation in the majority of questions related to interest in career, job responsibilities, and features of pathologists.

Conclusions.—

Our study suggests that pathology exposure strategies can have a beneficial effect on student perceptions of the field and consideration of a career in pathology. Overall, the presentation intervention seemed to have the greatest effect on the first- and second-year students.
Ocena časovne in stroškovne obremenitve zdravnikov družinske medicine zaradi ponovnega predpisovanja nenujnih kontrolnih napotnic
Authors: Bartolac Mario , Vajd Rajko
Published: July 2021

Izhodišča: Nenujne kontrolne obravnave na sekundarni ali terciarni ravni pogosto določi napotni zdravnik sam ob zadnji obravnavi. Po preteku veljavnosti predhodne napotnice mora družinski zdravnik le-to ponovno izdati oz. opredeliti, da je potrebna. Ob vse večjih administrativnih obremenitvah družinskih zdravnikov se zdi dodatna vloga družinskega zdravnika kot t. i. »vratarja« pri izdajanju nenujnih kontrolnih napotnic nepotrebna. Cilj te študije je izračunati stroškovno in časovno obremenitev zaradi izdajanja nenujnih kontrolnih napotnic in predlagati bolj smotrno ureditev.

Metode: Gre za presečno kvantitativno študijo. Podatki o izdanih napotnicah in skupno opravljenem delu izvirajo iz avtomatskega beleženja statističnih podatkov v računalniškem programu IRIS. Zbrani so za devet ambulant družinske medicine v enoti Center Zdravstvenega doma Ljubljana v obdobju od 1. 3. 2018 do 30. 6. 2018.

Rezultati: Skupno je bilo pregledanih 7.340 napotnic. Kontrolne napotitve so predstavljale 37 % (2.720 napotnic) vseh napotitev oz. 75 napotnic mesečno na ambulanto. Od tega jih je bilo 90 % (2.453 napotnic) izdanih zaradi nenujnega bolezenskega stanja. Kar 86 % (2.104 napotnic) nenujnih kontrolnih napotnic je bilo izdanih brez opravljenega kliničnega pregleda. Za izdajanje nenujnih kontrolnih napotnic je družinski zdravnik povprečno porabil 68 minut na teden (3,5 % delovnega časa). Porabljeni čas ustreza 10 obravnavam bolnika v ambulanti družinskega zdravnika. Za izdajanje kontrolnih napotnic je ambulanta družinske medicine povprečno mesečno obračunala 255 € oz. 6 % vseh obračunanih storitev. Mesečni strošek za vse zdravstvene time v Sloveniji na račun napotnic bi tako znašal 203.191 €, mesečna časovna obremenitev pa 2,8 % delovnega časa.

Zaključek: Administrativna obremenitev zaradi izdajanja nenujnih kontrolnih napotnic tako po času kot tudi stroških pretirano obremenjuje ambulante družinskega zdravnika, na da bi pri tem družinski zdravnik imel bistveno strokovno vlogo. Zato članek predstavi model ureditve izdajanja napotnic, ki bi odpravil nepotrebne administrativne obremenitve ter omogočil bolj sistematizirano napotovanje akutnih poslabšanj pri kroničnih boleznih.
Fragilité, outils et pratiques de tri pendant la pandémie de COVID-19
Authors: Andrien Loïc , Sarrazin Coralie , Grenier Yan , Fougeyrollas Patrick
Published: July 2021

La crise de la COVID-19 a mis en lumière des procédures de gestion de flux des patients vers les services de réanimation. Ces procédures utilisent un outil : l’échelle de fragilité clinique de Rockwood. Cet outil est peu connu par les médecins que nous avons interrogés. En tentant de comprendre ces pratiques, notre enquête dialogique médiatisée met en évidence l’importance d’une pensée médico-économique reposant sur une définition de la dépendance, entendue comme consommation de ressources. La prévention du risque de dépendance peut alors s’apparenter à une allocation des ressources de soins en fonction du coût potentiel que la dépendance d’un patient pourrait représenter pour le système de soins ou pour la société.
Défense collective des droits dans le champ du handicap en contexte de COVID-19 au Québec : entretien avec Véronique Vézina
Authors: Boucher Normand
Published: July 2021

Cet article présente un entretien réalisé avec Mme Véronique Vézina, directrice adjointe d’un organisme de défense collective des droits des personnes handicapées dans la région de Québec. On y aborde le rôle de défense des droits par l’intermédiaire d’une confédération d’organisations dans le champ du handicap en contexte pandémique et de restrictions sanitaires. On y aborde aussi les enjeux relatifs au respect des droits des personnes en situation de handicap et à la prise en compte de leur réalité qui est l’objet d’une grande invisibilité de la part des autorités politiques et sanitaires québécoises.
Pandémie de la COVID-19 et satisfaction de vie – quel vécu chez les adultes autistes?
Authors: Désormeaux-Moreau Marjorie , Hérault Élodie , Grondin Andréane , Couture Mélanie
Published: July 2021

Contexte. Les autistes ont été considérés vulnérables aux effets des multiples changements qu’a entraînés la pandémie de la COVID-19 sur le plan des activités et des habitudes de vie. La présente étude visait à comprendre l’expérience de ces changements chez des adultes autistes québécois pouvant porter un regard introspectif sur leur vécu de la crise sanitaire. Méthode. Un questionnaire en ligne (environ 30 minutes) a été rempli par 105 adultes autistes québécois. Des analyses statistiques descriptives ont été menées. Résultats. Une fois le choc initial surmonté, les participants ont bien vécu le contexte de pandémie. Des transformations importantes ont été rapportées relativement à leur contexte environnemental, leurs activités, rôles et routines. Malgré ces changements, la satisfaction de vie des participants fut peu affectée et leurs relations interpersonnelles se sont même améliorées. Les mesures sanitaires visant à limiter la propagation de la COVID-19 se sont aussi répercutées sur l’importance et le sens accordés aux activités. Discussion/conclusion. Les résultats suggèrent que les participants ont su s’adapter au nouveau contexte et même en tirer profit. L’(in)adéquation des contextes dans lesquels s’inscrivent les activités et les habitudes de vie des adultes autistes contribue aux défis rencontrés, se répercutant donc sur leur satisfaction de vie.
La gériatrisation socio-sanitaire du handicap : luttes de pouvoir institutionnelles et choc de représentations catégorielles
Authors: Fougeyrollas Patrick , Grenier Yan , Andrien Loïc , Sarrazin Coralie
Published: July 2021

Soutenu par une approche anthropologique socio-historique et un examen des dispositifs techniques d’évaluation et de gestion de l’accès aux services à domicile et à l’hébergement de longue durée, cet article illustre une tendance persistante à la gériatrisation médicalo-centrée de l’évaluation et de la prise en charge du handicap. Cette gériatrisation assimile les personnes en situations de handicap et les personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie à des populations dépendantes, à prendre en charge par le système socio-sanitaire québécois. Cette tendance a particulièrement été mise en évidence par la gestion publique de la crise socio-sanitaire du COVID 19 en 2020. Cette crise a été marquée par une invisibilisation de ses conséquences sur les personnes en situations de handicap. L’attention s’est concentrée sur les éclosions dramatiques et meurtrières de personnes âgées dans les Centre d’hébergement et de soins de longue durée (CHSLD). L’absence de considération des personnes en situations de handicap a sidéré les acteurs de ce champ. Cette sidération, provoquée par ce point aveugle de la santé publique, a atteint son comble avec le dévoilement de protocoles de triage conçus sur la base d’échelles gériatriques de fragilité et de dépendance incompatibles avec le modèle social et de droits humains du handicap inspirant les politiques québécoises dans ce domaine depuis plus de trois décennies.
Portrait d’une lutte pour l’émancipation des personnes ayant des incapacités face au dispositif du CHSLD : des questions d’agencements et de devenirs
Authors: Grenier Yan
Published: July 2021

En pleine pandémie de COVID-19, Jonathan Marchand qui réside depuis plus d’une dizaine d’années contre son gré dans un centre hospitalier de soins de longue durée (CHSLD) de la région de Québec décidait d’en sortir et de s’« encager » devant l’Assemblée nationale afin de demander sa libération ainsi que celle des gens qui vivent des situations similaires. L’article offre une lecture de cette lutte pour l’autonomie des personnes ayant des incapacités en lien avec les conditions d’existence imposées par les mesures et les infrastructures institutionnelles d’hébergement, de soins et de soutien au Québec. La première partie de l’article offre une définition conceptuelle des concepts d’« agencement », de « dispositif » et de « devenir » comme définis par Deleuze et Guattari afin d’offrir un cadre de lecture des relations entre les niveaux molaires et moléculaires. La seconde partie définit la notion de CHSLD à travers les documents légaux qui s’y rapportent et une revue de littérature scientifique pour en comprendre les modalités de fonctionnement, les limites et les conséquences de la gériatrisation sur la vie des usagers. La troisième partie concerne les conditions d’existence de Jonathan Marchand au CHSLD. Il fait état de son vécu, de son expérience et des stratégies qu’il tente de mettre en place, spécifiquement la fondation collective d’une coopérative de soutien (coop ASSIST) en vue de produire de nouvelles conditions de vie autonome. La quatrième partie aborde plus spécifiquement son action politique d’occupation de la devanture de l’Assemblée nationale de Québec pendant laquelle il s’est encagé pendant cinq jours et cinq nuits. Dans l’ensemble, l’article suggère que le devenir des personnes dépend d’une part, des agencements biopolitiques qui le déterminent à travers le codage et les pratiques institutionnelles des dispositifs qui sont censés les soutenir et d’autre part, d’un désir qui cherche à fuir et à produire des lignes de fuite moléculaires qui, lorsqu’elles sont articulées politiquement, ou sous la forme de projets micropolitiques ouvrent sur des horizons et de nouvelles possibilités d’existence pour des groupes assujettis qui se constituent en groupes sujets.