bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic Basis of Molecular Changes in Animal Cells with Particular Regard to Embryonic Development – A Review / Epigenetyczne Podstawy Przemian Molekularnych Zachodzących W Komórkach Zwierzęcych, Ze Szczególnym Uwzględnieniem Rozwoju Embrionalnego – Artykuł Przeglądowy
Authors: Romanek Joanna
Published: October 2013

Regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression independently of DNA sequence. Epigenetic control of gene transcription is based on two main processes. The first is reversible DNA methylation, primarily of cytosine at position C5, rarely in position N3, or of adenine at position C6 (Xu et al., 2010). The second process is the change in chromatin structure and function by chemical modification of histones, including mainly methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation of histone amino acids (Zamudio et al., 2008). During development and differentiation of cells, changes occur in DNA methylation of genes. After fertilization there are dynamic histone modifications and changes in DNA methylation in zygotes. Use of methylation sensitive restriction enzymes causes a global demethylation in the early embryonic stage (Sulewska et al., 2007 b). De novo methylation of CpG sites is followed by embryo implantation. Next, during gastrulation most genes are methylated except the tissue-specific genes. The last wave of de novo methylation takes place during the gametogenesis and is dependent on sex (Sulewska et al., 2007 b). The aim of this work is to review the current knowledge about epigenetic mechanism of molecular changes in animal cells with particular regard to embryonic development.
Study on Sztumski Mares Enrolled in the Genetic Resources Conservation Programme in 2008 / Badania Nad Klaczami Sztumskimi Przyjętymi Do Programu Ochrony Zasobów Genetycznych W Roku 2008
Authors: Gołębiewska Katarzyna , Martyniuk Elżbieta , Polak Grażyna
Published: October 2013

The aim of this study was to conduct genetic analysis of 219 cold-blooded Sztumski mares, which were enrolled in the genetic resources conservation programme in 2008. The inbreeding level in the mares, their average genetic relationship with the population, and the average coefficient of kinship were analysed, as well as the number and origin of common ancestors (founders of the population) were determined. The age structure and coat colour in the mares, as well as the size and geographical distribution of the herds were also determined. Over 97% of the mares enrolled in the conservation programme were inbred. The average inbreeding coefficient was 1.93% and ranged from 0% to 32.6%; the average relationship coefficient (2.38%) for the population was the highest in the group of mares aged 9 to 11 years (2.63%); the average kinship within the population was 2.89% and ranged from 5 to 5.99% in the case of five mares. The mares descended from 785 founders, including 561 mares (mainly cold-blooded Sztumski and Sokólski breeds) and 224 stallions (mainly Ardennes and Belgian breeds). Distribution of the herds does not fully reflect the historic region from which the breed originated, while the population itself is scattered and kept in many herds, most of which have 2 (occasionally up to 6) mares.
Developmental Competence of CMV-Fut Transgenic and Non-Transgenic Pig Embryos Cultured in Vitro / Potencjał Rozwojowy CMV-Fut Transgenicznych I Nietransgenicznych Zarodków Świni Hodowanych In Vitro
Authors: Jura Jacek , Smorąg Zdzisław , Gajda Barbara , Lipiński Daniel , Słomski Ryszard
Published: October 2013

Possible influence of a transgene on life functions of embryos makes it reasonable to confirm or deny it for a particular gene construct. In vitro development of an embryo is a widely used criterion of its competence. The aim of the study was to compare in vitro developmental capacity of transgenic and non-transgenic pig embryos. The results showed a statistically significant difference in in

vitro developmental capacity of embryos obtained from transgenic and non-transgenic pigs. Developmental competence of embryos (morula and blastocyst stage) produced from zygotes obtained from transgenic sows decreased compared to that obtained from non-transgenic sows.
Relationships Between Chemical Composition of Colostrum and Milk and Rearing Performance of Piglets During a 21-Day Lactation / Zależności Pomiędzy Składem Chemicznym Siary I Mleka A Wynikami Odchowu Prosiąt W Czasie 21-Dniowej Laktacji
Authors: Szyndler-Nędza Magdalena , Różycki Marian , Eckert Robert , Mucha Aurelia , Koska Mirosław , Szulc Tadeusz
Published: October 2013

Normal development of piglets is determined principally by the milking ability of the sows. This study attempted to determine the relationships between sow’s milk quality and rearing performance of the piglets. The experiment was carried out under uniform conditions, with standard feeding of the sows and a similar number of piglets per litter. The study accounted for 109 lactations of second- and third-parity Polish Large White (PLW ) sows and 123 lactations of second- and third-parity Polish Landrace (PL) sows. Colostrum and milk were collected from the sows at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days of lactation and analysed for solids, crude protein, fat, lactose and somatic cell count (SCC). Rearing performance of second- and third-litter piglets was determined based on the number and weight of piglets at birth and at 7, 14 and 21 days of age. The coefficients of correlation, estimated between basic composition of milk and rearing performance of the piglets over subsequent weeks of lactation were low and exceeded r = 0.200 only for some traits. The experiment showed that a higher content of basic milk components, in particular protein, may be one of the factors contributing to an increase in weight gain of piglets during a 21-day lactation. Milk fat content may be of significance for rearing performance of piglets only during their first week of life. Rearing performance of the piglets is unrelated to udder health expressed as milk SCC.
Extra Light During Pregnancy Improves Reproductive Performance of Mink (Neovison Vison) / Dodatkowe Światło W Okresie Ciąży Poprawia Wskaźniki Użytkowości Rozrodczej U Norki (Neovison Vison)
Authors: Felska-Błaszczyk Lidia , Seremak Beata , Lasota Bogdan , Klecha Agata
Published: October 2013

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of artificially extended daylight applied during pregnancy on reproductive performance in farmed mink. The material consisted of 536 female Black (or “short NAP”) mink aged 2 years. To analyse the reproductive performance, we selected females mated twice during the period 13 to 17 March. Energy-saving bulbs of 11 watts each (equivalent to traditional 60-watt bulbs) were placed above the cages of the females. The experiment involved two groups of females: the control group (n = 258) were females kept under natural daylight throughout pregnancy; the females of the treatment group (n = 278) were additionally subjected to extended photoperiod - up to 16 hours of light per day, applied from 20 March to 15 April. Selected reproduction indicators were analysed among the groups. The extended daylight applied during pregnancy of mink positively influenced many of the analysed indices. The duration of diapause and related total length of gestation decreased, the litter size - both at birth and at weaning - significantly increased. Pre-weaning mortality of young and the proportion of nonbreeding females slightly decreased as a result of the treatment, which from the practical point of view might be seen as a beneficial effect; however, these parameters are shaped by other factors than photoperiod. The whelping season was both commenced and completed earlier among females subjected to extra light during pregnancy, which improved the organization of work on the farm. Artificial illumination of pregnant mink in Poland’s climate can be applied with great success and introducing this treatment to the mink breeding technology on a permanent basis should be seriously considered.
Effect of Saponaria Officinalis L. Or Panax Ginseng C.A Meyer Triterpenoid Saponins on Ruminal Fermentation in Vitro / Wpływ Saponin Triterpenowych Saponaria Officinalis L. Lub Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer Na Przemiany Zachodzące W Żwaczu W Warunkach In Vitro
Authors: Szczechowiak Joanna , Szumacher-Strabel Małgorzata , Stochmal Anna , Nadolna Magdalena , Pers-Kamczyc Emilia , Nowak Agnieszka , Kowalczyk Mariusz , Cieślak Adam
Published: October 2013

This study examined the potential effects of Saponaria officinalis (SO) or Panax ginseng (PG) saponins supplemented to diets differing in the proportion of forage to concentrate on rumen microbial fermentation and methane production in vitro. Two experiments were carried out using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). In the first experiment the substrate was comprised of a mixture of meadow hay and corn meal in a ratio of 60:40 dry matter (DM; high forage diet; HF). In the second experiment low forage diet (LF) consisting of meadow hay and corn meal in the ratio of 40:60 DM was used. Diets were supplemented with dried roots of SO or PG to provide 1% of triterpenoid saponins in dietary dry matter. All triterpenoid sources significantly (P≤0.05) decreased number of protozoa, by 50% and 72% respectively when HF diet was analysed (first experiment). There were no changes in methane production. In the second experiment (LF), the potential to mitigate methane production was reported for both SO and PG addition, however only in PG a decrease in the protozoal population was detected. Supplementation of plants rich in triterpenoid saponins has been identified as a diet dependent potential factor which has an important role in modulation of rumen fermentation processes. However, further studies are needed to evaluate their effect in animal production.
Effect of Water Supplementation with Herbal Extracts on Broiler Chicken Welfare / Wpływ Dodatku Do Wody Ekstraktów Ziołowych Na Dobrostan Kurcząt Brojlerów
Authors: Skomorucha Iwona , Sosnówka-Czajka Ewa
Published: October 2013

This study investigated the effect of adding extracts from selected herbs to water on alleviation of broiler stress associated with intensive production, and thus on improvement of welfare. In experimental groups (II, III and IV), alcoholic extracts from chamomile inflorescence (Matricaria

chamomilla L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) or from St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), respectively, were added to water drinkers (2 ml ∙ l-1 water) from 21 to 35 days of rearing for 5 h/day. Throughout the experiment, body weight, feed and water intake and number of dead birds were recorded once a week. At 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of rearing, blood was collected from 7 birds in each group to determine the levels of corticosterone, cholesterol, glucose, and the immunoglobulin complex. The response of birds to the herbal additives was positive. The herb extracts contributed to a decrease in cholesterol level and an increase in the level of the immunoglobulin complex in the blood. Supplementation of water with chamomile and St John’s wort extracts contributed to an increase in body weight, while the extracts from lemon balm and St John’s wort also had a positive effect on broiler survival. The results obtained indicate that out of the three herbs chosen for the experiment, St John’s wort extract proved the most efficient in relieving the body’s physiological response to stress, and thus in improving welfare.
Carbonization of biomass – an efficient tool to decrease the emission of CO2
Authors: Kobyłecki Rafał , Ścisłowska Mariola , Bis Zbigniew
Published: October 2013

The paper presents the results and analysis of biomass processing in order to provide the conditions for the most profitable use of the biomass in modern and efficient power generation systems with particular attention put on the decrease of the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and no need to develop carbon capture and storage plants. The promising concept of CO2 storage via the production of biochar and the advantages of its application as a promising carbon sink is also presented and the results are supported by authors’ own experimental data. The idea enables the production of electricity, as well as (optionally) heat and cold from the thermal treatment of biomass with simultaneous storage of the CO2 in a stable and environmentally-friendly way. The key part of the process is run in a specially-designed reactor where the biomass is heated up in the absence of oxygen. The evolved volatile matter is used to produce heat/cold and electricity while the remaining solid product (almost completely dry residue) is sequestrated in soil. The results indicate that in order to reduce the emission of CO2 the biomass should rather be ‘cut and char’ than just ‘cut and burn’, particularly that the charred biomass may also become a significant source of nutrients for the plants after sequestration in soil.
Effect of thermal treatment on antioxidant activity and colour of carrot purées
Authors: Damian Cristina , Oroian Mircea
Published: October 2013

Total antioxidant activity, levels of bio-active compound groups and instrumental colour of carrot purée subjected to thermal treatment (70°C/2 min) were measured. The method applied to the dosage of ascorbic acid was with 2,6-diclorophenolindophenol. Total phenols (TP) in purée were determined using the Folin- Ciocalteau method and antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method. The colour of the samples was measured using a Hunter-Lab colour meter. Heat treatment caused a rapid decrease in ascorbic acid. Phenolic contents were in general unaffected by thermal treatment. Colour parameters were significantly affected by thermal treatment. This provides a helpful tool for understanding the effect of processing on colour variation of carrot purée in a broader spectrum. Industrial relevance: This research paper provides scientific evidence of the influence of thermal treatments in retaining important bioactive compounds.
Relation between soil temperature and biophysical parameters in Indian mustard seeds
Authors: Adak T. , Chakravarty N.V.K.
Published: October 2013

Temporal changes in surface soil temperature were studied in winter crop. Significant changes in bare and cropped soil temperature were revealed. Air temperature showed a statistically positive and strong relationship (R2 = 0.79** to 0.92**) with the soil temperature both at morning and afternoon hours. Linear regression analysis indicated that each unit increase in ambient temperature would lead to increase in minimum and maximum soil temperatures by 1.04 and 1.02 degree, respectively. Statistically positive correlation was revealed among biophysical variables with the cumulative surface soil temperature. Linear and non-linear regression analysis indicated 62-69, 72-86 and 72-80% variation in Leaf area index, dry matter production and heat use efficiency in Indian mustard crop as a function of soil degree days. Below 60% variation in yield in Indian mustard was revealed as a function of soil temperature. In contrast, non-significant relationship between oil content and soil temperature was found, which suggests that oil accumulation in oilseed crops was not affected significantly by the soil temperature as an independent variable.
Effect of electromagnetic stimulation of alfalfa seeds
Authors: Ćwintal M. , Dziwulska-Hunek A.
Published: October 2013

In the conducted experiments the effect of presowing He-Ne laser light, magnetic field stimulation or the combination of these two factors of alfalfa seeds on the field emergence, structure and yields in the year of sowing and during three following years of full land use were studied. The examined factors had a significant effect on the number of shoots per 1 m2, plant height, mass of shoots, fresh and dry mass. Electromagnetic stimulation resulted in a significant increase in alfalfa seeds emergence (from 35% - control to 47.8% - magnetic field), number of shoots per 1m2 (from 608 - control to 813 - laser light in cut), but a decrease of the mass of the shoots (from 0.61 g - control to 0.50 g - laser light).
Water retention of arctic zone soils (Spitsbergen)
Authors: Melke J. , Witkowska-Walczak B. , Bartmiński P.
Published: October 2013

The water retention characteristics of the arctic zone soils ((TurbicCryosol (Skeletic), TurbicCryosols (Siltic, Skeletic) and BrunicTurbicCryosol (Arenic)) derived in different micro-relief forms were determined. Water retention curves were similar in their course for the mud boils, cell forms, and sorted circles ie for TurbicCryosols. For these forms, the mud boils showed the highest water retention ability, whereas the sorted circles - the lowest one. Water retention curves for the tundra polygons (Brunic TurbicCryosol, Arenic) were substantially different from these mentioned above. The tundra polygons were characterized by the lowest bulk density of 1.26 g cm-3, whereas the sorted circles (TurbicCryosol, Skeletic) - the highest: 1.88 g cm-3. Total porosity was the highest for the tundra polygons (52.4 and 55.5%) and the lowest - for the sorted circles (28.8 and 26.2%). Pore size distribution of the investigated soils showed that independently of depths, the highest content of large and medium pores was noticed for the tundra polygons ie 21.2-24.2 and 19.9-18.7%, respectively. The lowest content of large pores was observed for the cell forms (6.4-5.9%) whereas the mud boils exhibited the lowest amount of medium sized pores (12.2-10.4%) (both TurbicCryosols Siltic, Skeletic). The highest content of small pores was detected in the mud boils - 20.4 and 19.0%.
Effect of the moisture content on the physical properties of bitter gourd seed
Authors: Ünal H. , Alpsoy H.C. , Ayhan A.
Published: October 2013

Some physical and germination properties of bitter gourd seed were determined in a moisture content range of 9.3-32.1% d.b. For this moisture, the average length, width, and thickness of seed increased by 3.68, 4.07, and 4.56%, respectively. The geometric properties increased with increasing moisture content. The bulk density and rupture force decreased while thousand seed mass, true density, porosity, terminal velocity and static coefficient of friction increased with increasing moisture content. At all moisture contents, the maximum friction was offered by rubber, followed by plywood, aluminum, and galvanized iron surface. The seed germination duration, seedling emergence percentage, and germination index values gave the best results at the 19.9% moisture content, whereas fresh seedling mass was not affected by different moisture contents.
Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review
Authors: Lipiec J. , Doussan C. , Nosalewicz A. , Kondracka K.
Published: October 2013

Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.
Somatic Mutation and Polymorphism Analysis in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Salivary Glands / SOMATSKE MUTACIJE I ANALIZA POLIMORFIZAMA U PLEOMORFNIM ADENOMIMA PLJUVAČNIH ŽLEZDA
Authors: Nikolič Nađa , Aničić Boban , Tepavčević Zvezdana , Jezdić Zoran , Čarkić Jelena , Toljić Boško , Dedović-Tanić Nasta , Konstantinović Vitomir , Vukadinović Miroslav , Milašin Jelena
Published: October 2013

Background: Genetic studies of salivary gland neoplasms were mainly focused on chromosomal changes, and some specific patterns of chromosome translocations have been described. However, molecular alterations, in particular the role of HER-2/H-ras/c-myc signalling cascade in pleomor- phic adenoma pathogenesis (PA), are less well characterized. In addition, data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as potential susceptibility factors for PA development are also quite scarce.

Methods: Mutational analyses were performed by means of real-time PCR (HER-2 and c-myc amplification analysis), PCR-SSCP and sequencing (H-ras point mutation detec- tion). Polymorphisms analysis was performed by PCR-RFLP (survivin and MMP-9 genes).

Results: Amplification of HER-2 and c-myc has been found in 13% and 9% of PA cases respectively. Point mutations in H-ras codons 12/13 have been detected in 17% of PAs. No correlation could be established between these alterations and clinical characteristics of PAs, whereas they might play a role in a subset of malignant salivary gland tumours. As for survivin -31 G/C polymorphism, C allele carriers had a 4-fold decrease of the risk of developing PA (p=0.05). Carriers of the variant allele T of the -1562C/T SNP in MMP-9 gene had a 4-fold increase of the risk of developing PA (p<0.001).

Conclusions: A longer follow-up of PA patients harbouring mutations could uncover a prognostic role of HER-2 and c- myc amplification as predictors of adenoma transformation into carcinoma. Both survivin and MMP-9 promoter poly- morphisms represent susceptibility factors for the develop- ment of PAs in the Serbian population.
TP53 and C-MYC Co-Alterations – A Hallmark of Oral Cancer Progression / SIMULTANA ALTERACIJA TP53 I C-MYC GENA – OBELEŽJE PROGRESIJE ORALNIH KARCINOMA
Authors: Tanić Nasta , Milašin Jelena , Dramićanin Tatjana , Bošković Maja , Vukadinović Miroslav , Milošević Verica , Tanić Nikola
Published: October 2013

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, including oral cancer, is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite advances in surgery and treatment, the 5-year survival rate has not improved significantly. There- fore, reliable molecular markers for oral cancer progression are badly needed.

Methods: We conducted a copy number analysis to esti- mate amplification status of c-myc, cycD1 and EGFR onco- genes, mutational PCR-SSCP analysis to determine activa- tion of H-ras oncogene and inactivation of TP55 tumour suppressor gene and methylation specific PCR analysis to evaluate hypermethylation of p16 and MGMT genes.

Results: c-myc oncogene was amplified in 56.7%, cycD1 in 20% and EGFR in 16.7% of Oral Squamous Cell Carci- noma (OSCC) cases while H-ras was activated in 33.3% of samples. Amplification of c-myc was significantly associat- ed with the tumour grade 2. Interestingly, EGFR and H-ras alterations were mutually exclusive. p16 and MGMT were inactivated by hypermethylation in 30% and 13.3% of cases. Co-alteration of cycD1 and p16 were not observed in any of the analyzed samples. TP53 was inactivated in 56.7% of samples and was significantly associated with progression of OSCC, grade 2 and stage 2. Moreover, TP55 and c-myc oncogene were simultaneously altered in grade 2 OSCC.

Conclusions: The most promising marker of OSCC pro- gression remains the TP53 tumour suppressor, which is the most frequently mutated gene in oral cancers. Since there is synergism between TP55 and c-myc, it seems that co- alteration of these two genes could be also a good marker of OSCC progression from gradel to grade 2 tumours.
Integrating Management Competencies Development with an Organizational Culture Formation
Authors: Pavlica Karel , Jarošová Eva , Kaiser Robert B.
Published: October 2013

The paper presents the first results of the IGA/2012/7 project “Versatility of Organizational Management and its Reflection in the Area of Organizational Culture“. The paper tries to answer in particular a question if there exist and what are the relations between a process of management competencies development and process of organizational culture creation and change. The research is based upon two methods: (1) Leadership Versatility Index® (LVI ®) and Denison Organizational Culture Survey (DOCS). The research data are presented in a form of two cases. Qualitative analysis of these data has led to two preliminary conclusions: (1) Some of the research expectations concerning an existence of the relations between organization´s management versatility and organizational culture might be confirmed in a future; (2) DOCS data can bring a new light on the LVI ® results and on the process of management competencies development. They help managers to understand that a change and development of their management competencies is not their personal business but a need with important strategic consequences for the whole organization. Reliable answers to all research questions and hypothesises are conditioned by a statistical analysis of the data collected in more organizations, however.
Motivations of Iranian University Students for Participation in Sporting Activities
Authors: Mirsafian Hamidreza , Mohamadinejad Azadeh , Homaei Reza , Hédi Csaba
Published: October 2013

This study was designed to reveal university students’ motivations for sport. A sample of 934 students (male: 47.4%; female: 52.6%) with different educational levels and fields of study were involved in our research. A revised and developed scale was employed for measuring the students’ motivation. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to describe the differences in students’ motivations for sport. The results indicated that having fun and experiencing joy, maintaining physical and mental health, and having a fit body were rated most frequently as the students’ motivations for sport; whereas spending leisure time, being with friends, and participating in competitions were found as the lowest motivational dimensions. Furthermore, various motivational differences could be observed between students regarding their gender, age, educational level, and field of study. In conclusion, it is suggested that preparing special plans based on the students’ different motivations and on their special needs for sport could improve their participation rate in sporting activities.
Incidental uptake of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) in the head or in the neck of patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Hodolic Marina , Huchet Virginie , Balogova Sona , Michaud Laure , Kerrou Khaldoun , Nataf Valérie , Cimitan Marino , Fettich Jure , Talbot Jean-Noël
Published: October 2013

Background. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) is routinely performed in patients with prostate cancer. In this clinical context, foci of FCH uptake in the head or in the neck were considered as incidentalomas, except for those suggestive of multiple bone metastases.

Results. In 8 patients the incidental focus corresponded to a benign tumour. The standard of truth was histology in two cases, correlative imaging with MRI in four cases, 99mTc-SestaMIBI scintigraphy, ultrasonography and biochemistry in one case and biochemistry including PTH assay in one case. The final diagnosis of benign tumours consisted in 3 pituitary adenomas, 2 meningiomas, 2 hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands and 1 thyroid adenoma. Malignancy was proven histologically in 2 other patients: 1 papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and 1 cerebellar metastasis.

Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, FCH uptake by pituitary adenomas or hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands has never been described previously. We thus discuss whether there might be a future indication for FCH PET/ CT when one such tumour is already known or suspected: to detect a residual or recurrent pituitary adenoma after surgery, to guide surgery or radiotherapy of a meningioma or to localise a hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland. In these potential indications, comparative studies with reference PET tracers or with 99mTc-sestaMIBI in case of hyperparathyroidism could be undertaken.
New Method for Determination of Adjustment Corrections for Crane Rail Axes
Authors: Kamiński Waldemar
Published: October 2013

Electronic tacheometers are currently a standard instrument used in geodetic work, including also geodetic engineering measurements. One of the many applications of tacheometers in engineering geodesy are 3D control measurements of crane rail axes. This paper proposes a new method of computing adjustment corrections for crane rail axes based on 3D polar measurements performed with an electronic tacheometer. The intermediary method with conditions on parameters was used in the solution of the problem. The theoretical discussion was complemented with an example application on simulated results of observations. The obtained results confirmed the theoretical assumptions and encourage the verification of the presented proposal on practical examples.
Dynamics analysis of fractional order Yu-Wang system
Authors: Bhalekar Sachin
Published: October 2013

Fractional order version of a dynamical system introduced by Yu and Wang (Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 2, (2012) 209–215) is discussed in this article. The basic dynamical properties of the system are studied. Minimum effective dimension 0.942329 for the existence of chaos in the proposed system is obtained using the analytical result. For chaos detection, we have calculated maximum Lyapunov exponents for various values of fractional order. Feedback control method is then used to control chaos in the system. Further, the system is synchronized with itself and with fractional order financial system using active control technique. Modified Adams-Bashforth-Moulton algorithm is used for numerical simulations.
Novel Endophytic Trichoderma spp. Isolated from Healthy Coffea arabica Roots are Capable of Controlling Coffee Tracheomycosis
Authors: Mulaw Temesgen , Druzhinina Irina , Kubicek Christian , Atanasova Lea
Published: October 2013

One of the biggest threats to coffee growers in East Africa are emerging vascular wilt diseases (tracheomycosis) caused by Fusarium spp. Many Trichoderma species are known to be natural antagonists of these pathogens and are widely used in biological control of fungal plant diseases. More recently, several Trichoderma spp., which exhibited high antifungal activity have been isolated as endophytes. Consequently, we have investigated the presence and the antagonistic activity of endophytic Trichoderma isolated from roots of healthy coffee plants (Coffea arabica) from the major coffee growing regions of Ethiopia. Our results showed that community of Trichoderma spp. in roots of C. arabica contains fungi from coffee rhizosphere, as well as putatively obligate endophytic fungi. The putatively “true” endophytic species, until now, isolated only from coffee plant ecosystems in Ethiopia and recently described as T. flagellatum and novel T. sp. C.P.K. 1812 were able to antagonize Fusarium spp., which cause coffee tracheomycosis. Moreover, we found that strains of these species are also highly antagonistic against other phytopathogenic fungi, such as Alternaria alternata, Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph: Botrytis cinerea), and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Evolution of Hydrate Dissociation by Warm Brine Stimulation Combined Depressurization in the South China Sea
Authors: Feng Jing-Chun , Li Gang , Li Xiao-Sen , Li Bo , Chen Zhao-Yang
Published: October 2013

To evaluate the gas production performance of the hydrate accumulations in the South China Sea, a numerical simulation with warm brine stimulation combined depressurization has been conducted. A dual horizontal well system is considered as the well configuration in this work. In order to reduce energy input and improve energy utilization, warm brine (<30 °C) instead of hot brine (>50 °C) is injected into the reservoir for hydrate dissociation. The effect of the intrinsic permeability of the hydrate reservoir, the salinity and the temperature of the injected brine to gas hydrate exploitation have been investigated. The numerical simulation results indicate that the average gas production rate Qavg is about 1.23 ´ 105 ST m3/day for the entire hydrate deposit, which has the same order of magnitude compared with the commercially viable production rate. The injected brine can be pumped out from the upper production well directly after the hydrate between the two wells is dissociated completely. Thus, the effective region of heat and inhibitor stimulation is limited. The sensitivity analyses indicate that the dissociation rate of hydrate can be enhanced by increasing the temperature of the injected brine and raising the salinity of the injected brine. The parametric study of permeability shows that the hydrate of the reservoir with the larger permeability has a higher dissociation rate.
Suppression of Listeria monocytogenes by the Native Micro-Flora in Teewurst Sausage
Authors: Austin-Watson Clytrice , Grant Ar'Quette , Brice Michline
Published: October 2013

Modern consumers are interested in the use of non-chemical methods to control pathogens when heat sterilization is not an option. Such is the case with teewurst sausage, a raw spreadable sausage and a popular German commodity. Although Listeria was not found in teewurst, the optimal microbial growing conditions of teewurst coupled with the ubiquity of L. monocytogenes in nature, makes the possibility of contamination of products very possible. This pilot study was conducted to examine teewurst’s native micro-flora’s ability to suppress the outgrowth of L. monocytogenes at 10 °C using standard plate counts and PCR-DGGE. Traditional plating methods showed L. monocytogenes growth significantly decreased when in competition with the teewurst’s native micro-flora (p < 0.05). The native micro-flora of the teewurst suppressed the overall growth of L. monocytogenes by an average of two logs, under these conditions. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) amplicons with unique banding patterns were extracted from DGGE gel for identification. Brochothrix thermosphacta and Lactobacillus curvatus were identified as a part of the teewurst’s native micro-flora. Although the native micro-flora did not decrease L. monocytogenes to below limits of detection, it was enough of a decrease to warrant further investigation.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, Their Characterization, Application and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Okafor Florence , Janen Afef , Kukhtareva Tatiana , Edwards Vernessa , Curley Michael
Published: October 2013

Our research focused on the production, characterization and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which can be utilized in biomedical research and environmental cleaning applications. We used an environmentally friendly extracellular biosynthetic technique for the production of the AgNPs. The reducing agents used to produce the nanoparticles were from aqueous extracts made from the leaves of various plants. Synthesis of colloidal AgNPs was monitored by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The UV-Visible spectrum showed a peak between 417 and 425 nm corresponding to the Plasmon absorbance of the AgNPs. The characterization of the AgNPs such as their size and shape was performed by Atom Force Microscopy (AFM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques which indicated a size range of 3 to 15 nm. The anti-bacterial activity of AgNPs was investigated at concentrations between 2 and 15 ppm for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Kocuria rhizophila, Bacillus thuringiensis (Gram-positive organisms); Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium (Gram-negative organisms) were exposed to AgNPs using Bioscreen C. The results indicated that AgNPs at a concentration of 2 and 4 ppm, inhibited bacterial growth. Preliminary evaluation of cytotoxicity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was accomplished using the InQ™ Cell Research System instrument with HEK 293 cells. This investigation demonstrated that silver nanoparticles with a concentration of 2 ppm and 4 ppm were not toxic for human healthy cells, but inhibit bacterial growth.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzymes Play a Dominant Role in Fertility
Authors: Pan Pei-Pei , Zhan Qi-Tao , Le Fang , Zheng Ying-Ming , Jin Fan
Published: October 2013

According to the World Health Organization, infertility, associated with metabolic syndrome, has become a global issue with a 10%–20% incidence worldwide. An accumulating body of evidence has shown that the renin–angiotensin system is involved in the fertility problems observed in some populations. Moreover, alterations in the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-1, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, and angiotensin-converting enzyme-3 might be one of the most important mechanisms underlying both female and male infertility. However, as a pseudogene in humans, further studies are needed to explore whether the abnormal angiotensin-converting enzyme-3 gene could result in the problems of human reproduction. In this review, the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzymes and fertile ability is summarized, and a new procedure for the treatment of infertility is discussed.
Calcium: The Missing Link in Auxin Action
Authors: Vanneste Steffen , Friml Jiří
Published: October 2013

Due to their sessile lifestyles, plants need to deal with the limitations and stresses imposed by the changing environment. Plants cope with these by a remarkable developmental flexibility, which is embedded in their strategy to survive. Plants can adjust their size, shape and number of organs, bend according to gravity and light, and regenerate tissues that were damaged, utilizing a coordinating, intercellular signal, the plant hormone, auxin. Another versatile signal is the cation, Ca2+, which is a crucial second messenger for many rapid cellular processes during responses to a wide range of endogenous and environmental signals, such as hormones, light, drought stress and others. Auxin is a good candidate for one of these Ca2+-activating signals. However, the role of auxin-induced Ca2+ signaling is poorly understood. Here, we will provide an overview of possible developmental and physiological roles, as well as mechanisms underlying the interconnection of Ca2+ and auxin signaling.
El concepto de la muerte en la predicación de los primeros evangelizadores de México
Authors: Baudot Georges
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT- The first evangelists in Mexico had to face difficult issues, among which the very idea of death. They had to distort and inject concepts in a rather dubious way, in order to operate the cultural shift from a radically different Amerindian point of view, that is, from the Mictlan, or Land of the Dead, to the Christian approach.
El «Calepino» de Sahagún. ¿ Una obra independiente de la Historia general?
Authors: Máynez Vidal Pilar
Published: October 2013

RESUMEN-¿Fue el Calepino de fray Bernardino de Sahagún una obra independiente de su Historia general o estaba contenido en la magna crónica ? El artículo aquí presentado sostiene que el corpus léxico que Sahagún intentó elaborar puede extraerse de los doce libros que la conforman. Ahí aparecen incluidos un sinnúmero de voces nahuas con sus respectivas definiciones ; por tanto, el Calepino se encuentra virtualmente en la Historia General.
Itinéraires des nouveaux chrétiens à Lima. Le procès de Manuel Bautista Pérez et la « grande complicité » (1635-1639)
Authors: Maldavky Aliocha
Published: October 2013

RESUMEN- En una comunidad criptojudaica, la de Lima en el XVII, en vías de integración pero fiel a una forma empobrecida de la ley de Moisés, la figura eminente de Manuel Bautista Pérez presentaba a la vez las señales de un éxito personal y las de una vulnerabilidad extrema. Judaizante del lado de una solidaridad que se convertía en poder comercial, asimilado a las prácticas y a los valores dominantes del lado de un ascenso personal ya conseguido, seguía expuesto a los efectos de las tensiones que atravesaban el grupo de los portugueses cristianos nuevos. En lo que aparece como la elección del suicidio, frente a la institución peninsular por antonomasia, se vislumbran los anuncios de una identidad americana que ya iba camino de su autonomía frente a las normas de la metrópoli.
Les sources historiques de Mariano Veitia
Authors: Roulet Éric
Published: October 2013

RESUMEN- En su contacto con el coleccionista milanés Lorenzo Boturini Benaduci, Mariano Fernández de Echeverría y Veitia (1718-1780), criollo de Puebla, descubre la riqueza del pasado indígena de la Nueva España. Al morir Boturini, decide redactar Historia antigua de México. Veitia se preocupa por sus fuentes, que deben ayudarle a acercarse a la verdad. Usa en particular calendarios indios. Recibió el influjo de algunos autores : Ixtlilxóchitl, Torquemada y obviamente Boturini, el que más influyó en él aunque en forma discreta. Veitia no prescinde del examen crítico. Copia cuidadosamente los manuscritos para tenerlos siempre a su alcance. Es esta dimensión de crítica de las fuentes, en el contexto del siglo XVIII, la que permite considerar a Veitia como un verdadero historiador.
Le degré zéro de l'état de nature : anthropophages et barbares dans Les Incas de Jean-François Marmontel (1777)
Authors: Delhoume-Sanciaud Monique
Published: October 2013

RÉSUMÉ- Jean-François Marmontel, dans Les Incas (1777), décrit des anthropophages et des peuples préincaïques qui paraissent contredire sa vision optimiste de l'homme. Les premiers, qu'il ne reconnaît pour des hommes que parce qu'ils vivent en famille et qu'il les imagine sensibles à la beauté et à l'éloquence, n'apportent rien au débat sur le « bon sauvage ». Les seconds, qu'il présente comme des fanatiques éclairés par les Incas, émanent du paysage et servent surtout à donner un ton épique au roman. Néanmoins, au nom d'une nature humaine universelle dominée par la raison, Marmontel prône une colonisation respectueuse des populations primitives.
Los Reformistas cubanos en París 1838-1878
Authors: Domingo Acebrón Dolores
Published: October 2013

RESUMEN- La colonia cubana de París, de los años 1830 a la Guerra de los Diez Años. Variedad de las posturas políticas frente al poder colonial español y predominio de los reformistas. Radicalización de las opciones en la época de la guerra, perceptible en la prensa de los emigrados.
L'Indépendance des Philippines espagnoles
Authors: Tranvaux Annick
Published: October 2013

RESUMEN- Las frustradas aspiraciones de una incipiente burguesía, durante el último tercio del siglo XIX filipino, fueron favoreciendo una reacción nacionalista, sensible primero entre los miembros del clero autóctono y los intelectuales, aunque no se recurrió a la lucha armada hasta el último decenio. Figura emblemática del movimiento de emancipación, fusilado por los españoles en 1896, José Rizal, que preconizaba la vía de las reformas y de la legalidad, y no participó en la insurrección, sigue representando para los filipinos el héroe mítico de la lucha por la independencia.
Une figure mythique au service du nationalisme paraguayen
Authors: Tarroux-Follin Christiane
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT- After the typical French figure of the « soldier and ploughman », this study follows the evolution of the pynandî, the « soldier-farmer », in the Paraguayan political rhetoric, in the 30's and 40's. At first an embodiment of the permanent features of Paraguayanity, it will be turned by writer Juan Natalicio Gonzalez into one of the organizing concepts of a political, « functionalized » myth, and a pure product of his rewriting of national history.
De « nepantla » à Ithaque : l'écriture sans limites de Tomás Segovia
Authors: Sicot Bernard
Published: October 2013

RESUMEN- Estos dos últimos años, dos importantes eventos literarios han llevado la atención del público hacia Tomás Segovia. « Niño de la guerra », hispanomexicano, su obra poética fue reunida en 1998 en un solo volumen titulado Poesía (1943-1997) (Madrid, FCE, 771 p.) y se le acaba de otorgar, el 24 de febrero de este año, el premio Octavio Paz de poesía y ensayo : ambas excelentes razones para descubrir una de las voces poéticas más originales del exilio de 1939.
BOND MARKET ANALYSIS: THE MAIN CONSTRAINTS IN THE RESEARCH OF 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Jasienė Meilė , Paškevičius Arvydas , Astrauskaitė Ieva
Published: October 2013

Searching for alternative source of bank financing, the view on capital market is taken. Recent research on capital market issues are arranged into four dimensions: theory and assumptions of efficient capital market, government’s role in it, other distortions and global interrelatedness. Main investigations are decentralized and visualized in “theoretical eight” model. Conclusions made on the diversity of interpretation of market efficiency, strongly expressed demand of information symmetry, soft actions of governments and the value of foreign performance in domestic markets. Furthermore, new approach to the classification of countries by their maturity in capital market is argued. The state of art of 2009-2012 of bond market and government debt is briefly described.
DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS OUTFLOW FROM A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: THE CASE OF TURKEY
Authors: Onder Gokhan , Karal Zeynep
Published: October 2013

Foreign direct investments (FDI) outflows of Turkey have remarkably been raising over the last decade. This rapid increase brings about the need for questioning the determinants of FDI outflows. The aim of this paper is to estimate the factors affecting outflow FDI from Turkey from 2002 to 2011 by using Prais-Winsten regression analysis. According to estimation results, population, infrastructure, percapita gross domestic product of the host country, and home country exports to the host country are the factors having positive effects on outflow FDI. We found, on the other hand, that the annual inflation rate of the host country, its tax rate collected from commercial profit, and its distance from Turkey have a negative relation with investment outflows. Moreover our results show that while investment outflows to developed countries are in the form of horizontal investments, investment outflows to developing countries are in the form of vertical investments.
RESEARCH ON THE PROPERTIES OF THERMAL SPRAYED NI-CR-SI-FE-B COATINGS / TERMINIU BŪDU UŽPURKŠTŲ NI-CR-SI-FE-B DANGŲ SAVYBIŲ TYRIMAS
Authors: Lukauskaitė Raimonda , Šiurkus Donatas , Černašėjus Olegas
Published: October 2013

The article deals with the flame sprayed Ni-Cr-Si-Fe-B coating on aluminum alloy substrates. Before the thermal spraying process, aluminum samples were modified applying chemical, mechanical and thermal processing pre-treatment methods. The main aluminum surface treatment was removing an oxide layer from the surface and improving the exploitation properties of nickel-based coatings. The work involved coating microstructure, porosity, adhesion and microhardness tests. The dependence of the estimated exploitation properties of flame spray coatings on aluminum surface preparation methods and technological parameters of spraying has been established.

Santrauka

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos liepsniniu būdu ant aliuminio lydinių substratų užpurkštos Ni-Cr-Si-Fe-B dangos. Aliuminio bandiniai prieš terminį purškimą buvo apdoroti cheminiais, mechaniniais ir terminiais būdais. Pagrindinis aliuminio paviršiaus apdorojimo tikslas buvo pašalinti oksidų sluoksnį nuo paviršiaus ir pagerinti nikelio pagrindo dangų eksploatacines savybes. Atlikti dangos mikrostruktūros, porėtumo, adhezijos ir mikrokietumo tyrimai. Nustatyta liepsninio purškimo būdu gautų dangų eksploatacinių savybių priklausomybė nuo aliuminio paviršiaus paruošimo būdų ir purškimo technologinių parametrų.