bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal indices for human biometeorology based on Python
Authors: Chen Yung-Chang
Published: November 2023

Thermal indices, such as Predicted Mean Vote, Outdoor Standard Effective Temperature, Physiologically Equivalent Temperature, and Universal Thermal Climate Index, are essential for the evaluation of thermal perception, the design of climate sensitive buildings or urban area, and tourism. These thermal indices are built on complicated numeric models. RayMan was developed to calculate thermal indices based on Delphi program language on the Windows 7 operating system. RayMan is not currently under active maintenance or development. Thus, this report describes the development of an innovative Python library named biometeo that includes an innovative thermal index (modified Physiologically Equivalent Temperature) as a next generation program to calculate thermal indices and human biometeorological variables.
Bio-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and sunlight-driven photocatalysis for environmentally-friendly and sustainable route of synthetic petroleum refinery wastewater treatment
Authors: El Golli A. , Contreras S. , Dridi C.
Published: November 2023

The design of a green photocatalytic system that harnesses renewable and eco-friendly constituents holds the potential to offer valuable insights into alternative strategies for treating toxic multi-components in refinery water effluents. A significant challenge in implementing a practical and viable approach is the utilization of solar energy—an abundant, natural, and cost-effective resource—for photochemical processes within advanced oxidation processes. In this study, we explored the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as photocatalyst prepared via an environmentally friendly synthesis approach, resulting in the formation of crystalline wurtzite nanoparticles, with an average size of about 14 nm relatively spherical in shape. Notably, the extract derived from Moringa oleifera was employed in this investigation. These nanoparticles were characterized and validated using various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. For comparison, conventionally synthesized ZnO NPs were also included in the evaluations. The findings reveal that, under illumination, biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit photocatalytic performance in effectively breaking down the organic compounds present in synthetic petroleum wastewater. Photochemical analysis further illustrates the degradation efficiency of Green-ZnO, which, within 180 min of irradiation resulted in 51%, 52%, 88%, and 93% of removal for Phenol, O-Cresol. Under optimal loading conditions, NPs produced via the green synthesis approach perform better when compared to chemically synthesized ZnO. This significant improvement in photocatalytic activity underscores the potential of eco-friendly synthesis methods in achieving enhanced water treatment efficiency.
Propagation of THz radiation in air over a broad range of atmospheric temperature and humidity conditions
Authors: Taleb Fatima , Alfaro-Gomez Mariana , Al-Dabbagh Mohanad Dawood , Ornik Jan , Viana Juan , Jäckel Alexander , Mach Cornelius , Helminiak Jan , Kleine-Ostman Thomas , Kürner Thomas , Koch Martin , Mittleman Daniel M. , Castro-Camus Enrique
Published: November 2023

As the need for higher data rates for communication increases, the terahertz (THz) band has drawn considerable attention. This spectral region promises a much wider bandwidth and the transmission of large amounts of data at high speeds. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed before the THz telecommunications technology hits the consumer market. One of the recurring concerns is that THz radiation is greatly absorbed by atmospheric water-vapor. Although many studies have presented the attenuation of THz signals under different atmospheric conditions, these results analyze specific temperature or humidity values, leaving the need for a more comprehensive analysis over a wider range of climate conditions. In this work, we present the first study of the attenuation of THz radiation over a broad range of temperatures and humidity values. It is worth noticing that all of our measurements have been undertaken at atmospheric pressure unlike many previous studies where the pressure was not kept constant for various temperatures. Furthermore, we extend our analysis beyond the impact of absolute humidity on the bit error rate in THz communications. We also discuss the refractivity of the atmosphere, examining its variations across different temperatures and humidity levels. THz propagation is studied using two different measurement systems, a long-path THz time-domain spectrometer as well as a quasi-optic setup with vector network analyze. We also compare the results with the ITU-R P.676-13 propagation model. We conclude that the attenuation at the absorption peaks increases linearly with water content and has no dependence on the temperature, while the refractive index, away from absorption lines, namely at 300 GHz shows a sub-linear increase with humidity.
Relationship between Parkinson’s disease and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomized study
Authors: Zhou Zhongzheng , Zhang Muzi , Fang Qinghua , Huang Jing
Published: November 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases are related, according to earlier studies, but these studies have some controversy. Our aim was to assess the impact of PD on cardiocerebrovascular diseases using a Mendelian randomization (MR) method. The data for PD were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset containing data on 482,730 individuals. And the outcome SNPs data is were derived from five different GWAS datasets. The basic method for MR analysis was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. We use the weighted median method and the MR-Egger method to supplement the MR analysis conclusion. Finally, We used Cochran’s Q test to test heterogeneity, MR-PRESSO method and leave-one-out analysis method to perform sensitivity analysis. We used ratio ratios (OR) to assess the strength of the association between exposure and outcome, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to show the reliability of the results. Our findings imply that PD is linked to a higher occurrence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR = 1.055, 95% CI 1.020–1.091, P = 0.001), stroke (OR = 1.039, 95% CI 1.007–1.072, P = 0.014). IVW analyses for stroke’s subgroups of ischemic stroke (IS) and 95% CI 1.007–1.072, P = 0.014). IVW analyses for stroke’s subgroups of ischemic stroke (IS) and cardioembolic stroke (CES) also yielded positive results, respectively (OR = 1.043, 95% CI 1.008–1.079, P = 0.013), (OR = 1.076, 95% CI 1.008–1.149, P = 0.026). There is no evidence of a relationship between PD and other cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Additionally, sensitivity analysis revealed reliable outcomes. Our MR study analysis that PD is related with an elevated risk of CAD, stroke, IS, and CES.
Impact of ultra-low temperature storage on serum sIgE detection and allergic disease biobank feasibility
Authors: Chang Zhenglin , Hu Haisheng , Pan Xiaocong , Liu Changlian , Liu Kemin , Zhang Yanxi , Xu Shiliang , Cheng Jiahao , Zhang Qitai , Wan Qiongqiong , Xiao Lexin , Liang Xueqing , Huang Huimin , Cheng Zhangkai J. , Sun Baoqing
Published: November 2023

Research has shown that the concentration and composition of biological samples may change after long-term ultra-low temperature storage. Consequently, this study examined the effect of ultra-low temperature storage on serum sIgE detection by comparing sIgE concentrations at various durations from the time of sample storage to subsequent testing. We selected 40 serum samples from the Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated First Hospital Biobank, which had been tested for house dust mites, dog hair, tobacco mold, cockroaches, and cow milk allergen sIgE. Samples were categorized by storage duration: 14 samples stored for 10 years, 12 for 5 years, and 14 for 3 years. They were also classified by sIgE positive levels: 15 samples at levels 1–2, 15 at levels 3–4, and 10 at levels 5–6. The allergen sIgE of these samples was retested using the same technology. Regardless of the type of allergen or the level of positivity, the majority of sIgE concentrations measured at the time of storage were higher than the current measurements, but the difference was not statistically significant. The correlation between the sIgE results at the time of storage and the current results was high for samples stored for 10 years (rs = 0.991, P < 0.001) and 5 years (rs = 0.964, P < 0.001). Serum allergen sIgE is stable when stored under ultra-low temperature conditions, making the construction of a biological sample bank for allergic diseases feasible. This will facilitate researchers in quickly obtaining samples, conducting technical research, and translating findings, thereby promoting the development of the field of allergy through integration of industry, academia, and research.
Optimized RT-qPCR and a novel normalization method for validating circulating miRNA biomarkers in ageing-related diseases
Authors: Want Andrew , Staniak Karolina , Grabowska-Pyrzewicz Wioleta , Fesiuk Aleksandra , Barczak Anna , Gabryelewicz Tomasz , Kulczyńska-Przybik Agnieszka , Mroczko Barbara , Wojda Urszula
Published: November 2023

Circulating miRNAs have potential as minimally invasive biomarkers for diagnosing various diseases, including ageing-related disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the lack of standardization in the common analysis method, RT-qPCR, and specifically in the normalization step, has resulted in inconsistent data across studies, hindering miRNA clinical implementation as well as basic research. To address this issue, this study proposes an optimized protocol for key steps in miRNA profiling, which incorporates absorbance-based haemolysis detection for assessing sample quality, double spike-in controls for miRNA isolation and reverse transcription, and the use of 7 stable normalizers verified in an aging population, including healthy subjects and individuals at different stages of Alzheimer's disease (140 subjects). The stability of these 7 normalizers was demonstrated using our novel method called BestmiRNorm for identifying optimal normalizers. BestmiRNorm, developed utilizing the Python programming language, enables the assessment of up to 11 potential normalizers. The standardized application of this optimized RT-qPCR protocol and the recommended normalizers are crucial for the development of miRNAs as biomarkers for AD and other ageing-related diseases in clinical diagnostics and basic research.
Breakthrough on radon individual monitoring and protecting miners by novel dual-function monitor on respirator
Authors: Sohrabi M. , Khodaee P.
Published: November 2023

Breakthrough is made on inventing, producing and applying novel dual-function passive individual radon monitor in canister on respirators for radon inhalation monitoring and protecting individuals in particular miners. The rationale in this invention is having individual monitors for determining actual naturally inhaled radon by individuals and protection against particulates in one device. The monitor comprises two passive polycarbonate track detectors (PCTD); one near canister orifice (PCTD/bare), and one under activated carbon fabric (PCTD/ACF) to detect alphas of radon adsorbed on ACF carbon active sites. The PCTD/ACF detects radon with 12.7 times more sensitivity than PCTD/bare; called “Forced Amplification Factor (FAF)”. Monitors were successfully operated and calibrated in laboratory radon chamber using low suction rate pump resembling human natural inhalation. The performance of monitor showed high promises for radon individual monitoring and protection. This novel development also opens new horizons for fundamental and practical scientific research to further upgrade the monitor.
Proprioceptive short-term memory in passive motor learning
Authors: Chiyohara Shinya , Furukawa Jun-ichiro , Noda Tomoyuki , Morimoto Jun , Imamizu Hiroshi
Published: November 2023

A physical trainer often physically guides a learner’s limbs to teach an ideal movement, giving the learner proprioceptive information about the movement to be reproduced later. This instruction requires the learner to perceive kinesthetic information and store the instructed information temporarily. Therefore, (1) proprioceptive acuity to accurately perceive the taught kinesthetics and (2) short-term memory to store the perceived information are two critical functions for reproducing the taught movement. While the importance of proprioceptive acuity and short-term memory has been suggested for active motor learning, little is known about passive motor learning. Twenty-one healthy adults (mean age 25.6 years, range 19–38 years) participated in this study to investigate whether individual learning efficiency in passively guided learning is related to these two functions. Consequently, learning efficiency was significantly associated with short-term memory capacity. In particular, individuals who could recall older sensory stimuli showed better learning efficiency. However, no significant relationship was observed between learning efficiency and proprioceptive acuity. A causal graph model found a direct influence of memory on learning and an indirect effect of proprioceptive acuity on learning via memory. Our findings suggest the importance of a learner’s short-term memory for effective passive motor learning.
The risk of osteomyelitis after mandibular fracture is doubled in men versus women: analysis of 300,000 patients
Authors: Voss Jan Oliver , Heiland Max , Preissner Robert , Preissner Saskia
Published: November 2023

Postoperative complications following mandibular fracture treatment vary from local wound infections to severe conditions including osteomyelitis and impaired fracture healing. Several risk factors have been associated with the development healing disorders, including fracture localisation, treatment modality and substance abuse. However, limited research on the sex-specific influence of these complications exists. A total of about 300,000 female and male patients with mandibular fractures were examined in two cohorts. After matching for confounders (age, nicotine and alcohol dependence, malnutrition, overweight, anaemia, diabetes, osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency), two cohorts were compared with propensity-score-matched patients according to outcomes (osteomyelitis, pseudoarthrosis and disruption of the wound) within 1 year after fracture. There were significant differences between female and male patients regarding the occurrence of osteomyelitis (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval]: 0.621 [0.563; 0.686]) and disruption of the wound (OR [95% confidence interval]: 0.703 [0.632; 0.782]). Surprisingly, matching for the expected confounders did not change the results substantially. Sex plays a dominant role in determining the risk stratification for postoperative osteomyelitis and disruption of the wound, after accounting for other potential confounding factors. Additional research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop sex-specific strategies to prevent these complications.
Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of a mixed polymer brush–silica stationary phase with temperature-sensitive property
Authors: Li Yan , Tang Xiaofan , Li Yinhai , Zhao Weilong , Guo Shengwei , Bo Chunmiao
Published: November 2023

In this present work, the developed chromatographic stationary phase combines the high selectivity of mixed mode retention with the temperature-responsive property to boost the separation efficiency.
Shake, shear, and grind! – the evolution of mechanoredox polymerization methodology
Authors: Zeitler Sarah M. , Golder Matthew R.
Published: November 2023

Mechanoredox catalysis facilitates the transfer of external force to fuel radical polymerizations processes.
Flexible piezo-resistive strain sensors using all-polydimethylsiloxane based hybrid nanocomposites for wearable electronics
Authors: Mahato Rajib , Masiul Islam Sk. , Maurya Ranjan Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev , Purohit Gaurav , Singh Sumitra
Published: November 2023

Flexible piezo-resistive strain sensors using all-polydimethylsiloxane based hybrid nanocomposites for wearable electronics.
Substitution of lead with tin suppresses ionic transport in halide perovskite optoelectronics
Authors: Dey Krishanu , Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Pilot Matthew , Pering Samuel R. , Roose Bart , Deswal Priyanka , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Cameron Petra J. , Islam M. Saiful , Stranks Samuel D.
Published: November 2023

Mobile ions cause deterioration in both device performance and stability of lead halide perovskite devices. This study provides direct evidence for substantial suppression of ionic migration effects in tin-containing perovskite compositions.
Source-specific ecological and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the adjacent coastal area of the Yellow River Estuary, China
Authors: Li Zeyuan , Qi Ruicheng , Li Yufen , Miao Jingjing , Li Yaobing , He Zhiheng , Zhang Ning , Pan Luqing
Published: November 2023

The source of pollution was different from the source of pollution risk, shedding light on the importance of risk-based pollution source control.
Deformation mechanisms based on the multiscale molecular dynamics of a gradient TA1 titanium alloy
Authors: Jiang Yulian , Feng Zhiguo , Tao Liang
Published: November 2023

The heterogeneous gradient TA1 titanium alloy holds great potential for a wide range of industrial applications.
Development of a light-activated STING agonist
Authors: Caldwell Steven E. , Janosko Chasity P. , Deiters Alexander
Published: November 2023

The STING pathway is critical to innate immunity and is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target.
Directed copper-catalyzed dehydrogenative C–H amination of unsaturated sialic acids
Authors: Li Linlin , Ferry Angélique , Messaoudi Samir
Published: November 2023

This study reports the first example of a Cu-catalyzed dehydrogenative C(sp2)–H amination of sialyl glycals.
Regio- and stereoselective hydrosilylation of alkynes with alkoxysilanes for the synthesis of β-(Z) vinylsilanes catalyzed by a dirhodium(ii)/XantPhos complex
Authors: Yang Liqun , Lu Wenkui , Wu Xiaoyu , Lu Yan , Xie Xiaomin , Zhang Zhaoguo
Published: November 2023

A Rh2(OAc)4/XantPhos catalyzed regio- and stereoselective hydrosilylation of alkynes with various tertiary silanes in acetonitrile represents a straightforward and highly effective strategy for the synthesis of β-(Z) vinylsilanes.
Water-soluble hexakis-imidazolium cages: synthesis and selective binding of sodium urate
Authors: Zhuang Sheng-Yi , Wu Gang , Sun Jian-Da , Zhang Jiangshan , Xing Jiabin , Wu Yan , Wang Hui , Li Zhan-Ting , Zhang Dan-Wei
Published: November 2023

Selective binding of uric acid, the molecule that causes gout, by imidazolium-incorporated molecular cages in water.
Correction: Blue-light induced iron-catalyzed chemoselective α-alkylation and α-olefination of arylacetonitriles with alcohols
Authors: Song Dingguo , Wang Shiliang , Huang Weiwei , Chen Rong , Hu Fangyuan , Cheng Lingxin , Zhao Xianghua , Ling Fei , Zhong Weihui
Published: November 2023

Correction for ‘Blue-light induced iron-catalyzed chemoselective α-alkylation and α-olefination of arylacetonitriles with alcohols’ by Dingguo Song et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3QO01220D.
NH-1,2,3-triazoles as versatile building blocks in denitrogenative transformations
Authors: Motornov Vladimir , Beier Petr
Published: November 2023

The utilization of NH-1,2,3-triazoles as easily accessible building blocks in denitrogenative ring cleavage transformations with electrophiles to provide multifunctionalized nitrogen heterocycles and N-alkenyl compounds is reviewed.
Correction: The need for operando modelling of 27Al NMR in zeolites: the effect of temperature, topology and water
Authors: Lei Chen , Erlebach Andreas , Brivio Federico , Grajciar Lukáš , Tošner Zdeněk , Heard Christopher J. , Nachtigall Petr
Published: November 2023

Correction for ‘The need for operando modelling of 27Al NMR in zeolites: the effect of temperature, topology and water’ by Chen Lei et al., Chem. Sci., 2023, 14, 9101–9113, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02492J.
Flattened chains dominate the adsorption dynamics of loosely adsorbed chains on modified planar substrates
Authors: Xu Jianquan , Bai Lu , Ren Weizhao , Zhu Huifeng , Zhou Xianjing , Zhang Cuiyun , Wang Xinping
Published: November 2023

The adsorption of loose chains occurs on free sites remaining after the adsorption of flattened chains, indicating that flattened chains dominate the adsorption dynamics of loosely adsorbed chains.
Graphitic carbon nitride with the pyridinic N substituted by Al and Si as efficient photocatalysts for CO2 reduction
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhang Xiao , Liu Yaru , Jiang Ya-nan , Ma Yuchen
Published: November 2023

Si- and Al-doped g-C3N4 exhibit excellent activity and selectivity in producing HCOOH and CH4 from the CO2RR respectively, with the catalytic performance comparable to that of noble-metal doped g-C3N4.
Directional freezing-induced self-poled piezoelectric nylon 11 aerogels as high-performance mechanical energy harvesters
Authors: George Ashitha , Varghese Harris , Chandran Achu , Surendran Kuzhichalil Peethambharan , Gowd E. Bhoje
Published: November 2023

The anisotropic nylon 11 aerogel-based piezoelectric nanogenerators showed better output performance compared to the corresponding isotropic aerogels due to the orientation of polymer crystals in anisotropic aerogels.
Underlying factors of mega pressure hysteresis in cerium-rich CaCu5-type metal hydrides and effective modification strategies
Authors: Zhou Panpan , Zhang Jianwei , Bi Jiapeng , Xiao Xuezhang , Cao Ziming , Zhan Liujun , Shen Huahai , Lu Miao , Li Zhinian , Zhao Yuyuan , Wang Li , Yan Mi , Chen Lixin
Published: November 2023

Strong elastic deformation resistance and an intrinsic stable energetic state contribute to the mega pressure hysteresis in Ce-rich CaCu5-type metal hydrides.
An investigation into the effects of ink formulations of semi-solid extrusion 3D printing on the performance of printed solid dosage forms
Authors: Zhang Bin , Belton Peter , Teoh Xin Yi , Gleadall Andrew , Bibb Richard , Qi Sheng
Published: November 2023

The additional of a functional excipient, SiO2, and APIs showed significant impacts on the shape fidelity of SSE 3D printed tablets. The interactions between different APIs and the polymeric excipients used in the ink showed significantly impacts on the drug release profiles of the 3D printed tablets.
Enhanced nanogenerator by embedding lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 in polymer matrix for hybrid energy harvesting
Authors: Wang Mengrou , Wang Xin , Xu Yubing , Chai Shunjie , Zhao Zhiwei , Li Qing , Wu Jun , Chen Jing , Zhu Zhuoya , Bae Byung Seong , Tala-Ighil Razika , Zhou Jianming , Zhu Ying , Lei Wei
Published: November 2023

CABB addition with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss facilitates PVDF phase transition and device outputs enhancement.
0D MXene quantum dots/2D MXene derived metal–organic frameworks for enhanced nonlinear optical absorption across spectral and temporal regimes
Authors: Shan Naying , Wei Zhiyuan , Guan Zihao , Zhao Yang , Liu Fang , Fu Lulu , Xue Yanyan , Huang Zhipeng , Humphrey Mark G. , Xu Jun , Zhang Chi
Published: November 2023

The assembled Ti3C2 QD/V2C PMOF heterostructure exhibits increased nonlinear optical absorption compared to individual components under both nanosecond and femtosecond pulses and across visible and near-infrared regions due to electron transfer.
Do Flights Affect Hearing in Hot Air Balloon Pilots?
Authors: Sahin Ceylan Didem , Sacli Yeter , Gultekin Gokce , Avsar Busemnaz , Ozver Aleyna Goncu
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

This study aimed to reveal occupational effects on the hearing of hot air balloon (HAB) pilots and examine the relationship between the duration of experience and these effects.

Method:

This study included 31 male HAB pilots and a control group of 32 male participants. Tympanometry, eustachian tube function (ETF) test, pure-tone audiometry, and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) tests were performed.

Results:

Pure-tone audiometry results were significantly worse at 125, 500, and 6000 Hz in the right ear and 125, 500, 4000, and 6000 Hz in the left ear in the HAB group than the control group. Although tympanometry evaluation parameters did not differ between the HAB and control groups, ETF test was significantly worse in the HAB group than the controls bilaterally. TEOAE results were significantly worse at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz in the right ear and 4000 Hz in the left ear in the HAB group than the controls. There was a significant positive correlation for 125, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz between the duration of experience and right ear hearing thresholds. For the left ear, the duration of experience showed a significant positive correlation at 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz. When the relationship between the duration of experience and TEOAE results was evaluated, a significant negative correlation was found at 4000 Hz in the left ear.

Conclusion:

In HAB pilots, in whom eustachian tube dysfunction is quite common, noise and high altitude affected hearing, especially low and high frequencies, and the duration of experience was found to be associated with hearing thresholds.
Reachable set estimation and H∞$H_\infty$ performance for delayed fuzzy multi‐agent systems under false data injection attacks
Authors: Visakamoorthi B. , Subramanian K. , Muthukumar P. , Yu S. S. , Trinh H. , Lee Tae H.
Published: November 2023

Addressed in this paper is the reachable set estimation (RSE) problem for fuzzy‐model‐based leader‐follower multi‐agent systems with time‐varying delays and false data injection attacks. First, the aperiodic sampled‐data control is designed for the follower agents with randomly occurring false data injection attacks. Then, using the Kronecker product, the error system between the leader and the follower is obtained in a compact general form. Next, a novel Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional is constructed with the knowledge of sampling patterns and time‐varying delays. In the framework of linear matrix inequalities, sufficient consensus conditions are determined from the performance index and Lyapunov theory to guarantee that its reachable set is enclosed by an ellipsoid in the existence of bounded perturbations. In the end, the Duffing Van der Pol oscillator and the single‐link robot arm models are employed to validate the derived theoretical results.
Adaptability analysis of travelling wavefront protection in LCC‐UHVDC transmission lines
Authors: Chang Zhongxue , Zhang Chenhao , Chen Bowen , Song Guobing
Published: November 2023

The existing relay protections for line‐commutated converter (LCC)‐ultra high voltage DC (UHVDC) transmission lines are insufficient in protection sensitivity and operation speed. The travelling wavefront fault distance information can be used to improve protection performance, which has been used in protection of voltage source converter ‐high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission lines. The adaptability of travelling wavefront protection in LCC‐UHVDC transmission line is analyzed in this paper. First, the conditions that need to be met for the travelling wavefront protections to be able to effectively recognize faults are analyzed. Eight applicability conditions of wavefront protection are revealed from the perspective of travelling wavefront generation and practical application requirements. Then the degree of match between the applicability conditions and the conditions of LCC‐UHVDC system is analyzed as a basis for assessing the adaptability of travelling wavefront protection in the LCC‐UHVDC system. It is pointed out that the index coefficient‐based wavefront protections are not available for LCC‐UHVDC transmission lines since the hardware sampling rate of protection device is insufficient, while first peak time of transient voltage (FPTV)‐based wavefront protection is available for LCC‐UHVDC transmission lines if it has enough anti‐noise ability. Finally, an enhanced anti‐noise algorithm is proposed for the FPTV‐based travelling wavefront protection. The adaptability of the travelling wavefront protection is verified by hardware‐in‐the‐loop test and filed recording experimental data.
GRASP‐based request allocation and MDP‐based vehicle routing in home pick‐up service with service continuity consideration
Authors: WU Yu , Qiu Xiaoping
Published: November 2023

Service continuity (SC) plays an important role in service industry. In this paper, a daily home parcel pick‐up scheduling and routing problem is studied with SC consideration. In this context, a fixed group of couriers is assigned to provide services exclusively within a specific region. Each day, customers within this region either have pre‐scheduled services in advance or stochastically make service requests during the couriers' shifts. Pre‐scheduled service request can be serviced by any courier serving the region, while stochastic service request can only be serviced by the courier most familiar with the corresponding customer. Consequently, the study problem is divided into two distinct sub‐problems: (i) the allocation of pre‐scheduled requests to couriers before their tours start and (ii) routing each courier independently to service both its allocated customers and its potential stochastic customers. The sub‐problem (ii) is formulated as a Markov decision process and an existing dynamic programming method is applied to solve it exactly. For the sub‐problem (i), Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure‐based meta‐heuristics is proposed. Finally, these meta‐heuristics are evaluated through computational experiments, yielding valuable application insights.
Optical gain of CdxZn1−xTe quantum dot structures
Authors: Abdullah Muwaffaq , Al‐Nashy Baqer O. , Al‐Khursan Amin H.
Published: November 2023

Gain spectra of undoped and doped quantum dot (QD) structures are studied under the inhomogeneous broadening assumption at four mole fractions . For the QD structure, two peaks appear due to the excited state (ES) and ground state (GS) transitions. The gain for the doped structures doubles the undoped ones. The gain increases while the wavelength is reduced with increasing Cd content due to the broader band discontinuity between the QD states. The discontinuity of the bands for each structure (mole fraction) is calculated, which is one of the merits of this work. While the structure offers the peak wavelengths 470 and 630 nm, other mole fractions offer the wavelengths between them. These visible bands are essential in different applications. The effect of QD size effect is also examined. The wavelength is extended by 20 nm for each 1 nm QD height increment.
A critical review on contemporary power electronics interface topologies to vehicle‐to‐grid technology: Prospects, challenges, and directions
Authors: Tasnim Moshammed Nishat , Riana Jannatul Mahi Khan , Shams Tamanna , Shahjalal Mohammad , Subhani Nafis , Ahmed Md Rishad , Iqbal Atif
Published: November 2023

With the evolution of the smart grid concept, the production of electric vehicles (EVs) is predicted to rise because of environmental concerns, technological advancements, and improvements in EV management. Vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) is an enabling, realistic, and affordable technology to cope with a large number of EVs, increase energy sustainability, provide economical solutions, satisfy user‐side consumers, and facilitate power flow to the grid. Power electronics (PE) converters, particularly bidirectional power converters, are promising interfaces for V2G infrastructure because they determine the characteristics and functionalities of V2G. Therefore, this study provides an extensive review of the characteristics, technological aspects, and visions of V2G infrastructure. This review helps to identify the current state, most recent developments, and problems related to bidirectional interface topologies and control strategies in V2G infrastructure. It further examines the classification of chargers or dischargers based on numerous factors, including limitations and impacts. Furthermore, the benefits, challenges with possible mitigation solutions, and future outlooks in the implementation of V2G technology are discussed. This review is planned to serve as a reference for existing work in V2G frameworks, PE interfacing topologies, and control strategies, and to also facilitate a guideline for future work that can be implemented to flourish V2G technology.
Transluminal antegrade drill dilation technique for hepaticojejunostomy stricture with cholangioscopic evaluation (with video)
Authors: Kanadani Takafumi , Ogura Takeshi , Ueno Saori , Okuda Atsushi , Nishioka Nobu , Nakamura Junichi , Yamada Masanori , Uba Yuki , Tomita Mitsuki , Hattori Nobuhiro , Sakamoto Jun , Nishikawa Hiroki
Published: November 2023

Background and study aims Balloon dilation and plastic stent
deployment have been performed as hepaticojejunostomy stricture (HJS) treatment techniques
under endoscopic ultrasound guidance (EUS). Although these techniques have shown favorable
clinical results, the treatment period can be long because stent deployment is required. In
addition, HJS may recur even after treatment because the scar tissue itself remains. To
overcome these challenges, we developed an EUS-guided antegrade drill dilation technique for
treating HJS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of
this technique in terms of the pre- and post-cholangioscopic findings.

Patients and methods This retrospective study included
consecutive patients whose conditions were complicated with symptomatic HJS between November
2022 and February 2023. Transluminal antegrade drill dilation (TAD) using a novel drill
dilator was attempted within 14 days after EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (HGS). HJS was
diagnosed with cholangioscopy before TAD, and resolution was evaluated after TAD using
cholangioscopy.

Results TAD was attempted at approximately 11 days after EUS-HGS.
The cholangioscope was inserted successfully in all patients after this procedure.
Cholangioscopy revealed stricture without evidence of malignancy in 19 patients. In the
remaining three patients, stricture was not observed and these patients underwent stent
exchange rather than TAD. Among the 19 patients, passage of the guidewire across the HJS into
the intestine was unsuccessful in four patients, and the technical success rate for this
procedure was 78.9%. TAD was successful in all 15 patients in whom passage of the guidewire
was achieved.

Conclusions In conclusion, TAD appears to be technically feasible
and safe.
Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy of Nefopam after Anorectal Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Haruethaivijitchock Phantila , Cha-arong Tasneem , Jungprasert Suwapit , Rattananupong Thanapoom , Lohsoonthorn Vitool
Published: November 2023

Objective To examine the effectiveness of nefopam on postoperative pain control after anorectal surgeries.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent anorectal surgeries from January 2019 to March 2022 at two medical centers. The data were divided into nefopam and conventional groups. The primary outcome was the number of patients who requested additional opioids in the 24-h postoperative period. The secondary outcomes were numeric rating pain scores (NRPS) within a 24-h postoperative period and analgesic drugs-related side effects.

Results Eighty-seven patients in the conventional group and 60 in the nefopam group were recruited. The nefopam group reported less additional opioid consumption than the conventional group in all dimensions of analysis, including overall, adjusted to anesthetic techniques and types of surgery. However, these did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.093). Only patients in the nefopam group who underwent hemorrhoidectomy under TIVA or spinal anesthesia significantly required fewer additional opioids (P = 0.016, 60% mean difference). Similarly, the 24-h postoperative morphine consumption was lower in the nefopam group (mean difference = −3.4, 95%CI: 0.72,6.08). Furthermore, significantly lower NRPS were reported in the nefopam group during the 12-18 h postoperative period (P = 0.009). On the other hand, analgesic drugs related side effects were similar in both groups.

Conclusions The administration of nefopam after major anorectal surgery is beneficially evident in reducing postoperative opioid requirements.
Prevalence of IgA Anti-tissue Transglutaminase Antibody in a Cohort of Iranians Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Memar Bahram , Naghavi Maryam , Vosoughinia Hassan , Amouian Sakineh , Farzanehfar MohammadReza , Namdar Ali Beheshti , Ahadi Mitra , Mehrad-Majd Hassan
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims Some studies have reported the coexistence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease (CD). However, the prevalence of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA and IgG) and their screening value in patients with IBD is not yet clear. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IgA anti-tTG and its potential correlation with disease status in patients with IBD.

Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 patients with confirmed IBD diagnosis at Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. For each patient, all demographic and clinical data including age, extra intestinal manifestations, underlying diseases, types of diseases, and surgical history were collected. IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results None of the patients with IBD were positive for IgA anti-tTG antibodies, with a mean titer of 3.31 ± 1.3 AU/mL. Also, the mean titers were not associated with age, gender and various disease clinical features including the disease history, underlying disease, diagnosis type, extraintestinal manifestations, and surgery history.

Conclusion No significant prevalence pattern of IgA anti-tTG antibody was observed in patients with IBD. Accordingly, serological screening for CeD is not recommended in IBD patients, unless in a relevant clinical CeD suspicion.
Evaluation of Proactive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Application in Infliximab Users in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Giovelli Gabriela Maria Henz , Cassol Ornella Sari , Lubini Marcio , Costa Angelina Dantas , Gaviraghi Édina , Martini Laura de Cezaro
Published: November 2023

Objective To evaluate the application of proactive pro-drug therapy (TDM) at week six in users of infliximab therapy in ulcerative colitis patients and to analyze the need for further disease optimization.

Method This is a retrospective analysis that will be carried out simultaneously at the Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo and at the Endoclin Diagnostic Center in the city of Passo Fundo, with secondary data collection between January 2020 and May 2022. The sample included patients from both sexes, regardless of age, who are being followed up in the services mentioned above, by signing the informed Free and Clarified Consent Term.

Results 63.2% of patients required optimization of their treatment based on the serum level assessment at week six.

Conclusion Proactive TDM performed at week six benefits patients in order to complete indications for treatment to avoid lack of drug response and complications from the disease.
Weight Bias in Reproductive Medicine: A Curiously Unexplored Frontier
Authors: Evans Adam T. , Vitek Wendy S.
Published: November 2023

Obesity has been associated with a multitude of medical comorbidities, infertility, and adverse obstetric outcomes. Weight stigma and weight bias pervade not only the medical field but also education, employment, and activities of daily living. The experience of weight stigma has been shown to adversely impact not only the mental health of individuals with overweight or obesity but also worsen obesogenic behaviors, and medical comorbidities. This review frames the rise of weight stigma and weight bias within the context of the “obesity epidemic” and explores its associations with infertility and decreased access to health care and its subsequent impact on the lives of individuals. Furthermore, it explores the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic weight stigma/bias and highlights the need for further examination and research into the impact of these factors on access to reproductive medicine and subsequent outcomes.
Spontaneous pattern of orthogonal ferroelectric domains in epitaxial KNN films
Authors: Groppi C. , Maspero F. , Asa M. , Pavese G. , Rinaldi C. , Albisetti E. , Badillo-Avila M. , Bertacco R.
Published: November 2023

Lead-free piezoelectric (K, Na)NbO3 (KNN) is considered one of the promising candidates for the replacement of Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3. Several studies underlined the issue of K and Na volatility with increasing deposition temperatures, leading to high leakage currents in thin films, which still represents a major drawback for applications. This paper shows how epitaxial growth with concomitant preferred orientation of KNN films on niobium-doped strontium titanate (Nb:STO) depends on growth temperature and substrate strain. A preferred out-of-plane polar (001) orientation of KNN is obtained at high temperatures (>600 °C), while (100) orientation is dominant for lower ones. The (001) orientation is forced out-of-plane due to the sizeable in-plane stress derived from a negative lattice mismatch of pseudo-cubic KNN with respect to the underlying cubic (001) Nb:STO substrate. Moreover, we show that K-Na deficiency and high leakage of epitaxial KNN films deposited at high temperatures are accompanied by the appearance of a pattern of orthogonal spontaneous ferroelectric domains aligned to the [100] and [010] directions of Nb:STO. This pattern, visible in secondary electron microscopy, piezoforce response microscopy, and conductive atomic force microscopy images, is uncorrelated to the surface morphology. Supported by reciprocal space mapping by x-ray diffraction, this phenomenon is interpreted as the result of strain relaxation via ferroelectric domain formation related to K-Na deficient films displaying a sizable and increasing compressive strain when grown on Nb:SrTiO3. Our findings suggest that strain engineering strategies in thin films could be used to stabilize specific configurations of piezo- and ferroelectric domains.
Research on launching, water exiting, and river crossing of an amphibious vehicle
Authors: Liu Bolong , Xu Xiaojun , Pan Dibo
Published: November 2023

The main focus of this paper is the amphibious vehicle's water-land trans-media capability, specifically its ability to efficiently carry out transportation tasks in rivers and nearshore areas. This capability relies on three key processes: launching, water exiting, and river crossing. To study these processes, hydrodynamic numerical simulations are conducted. The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes) equation, simplified terra mechanics model, and body force method are adopted to analyze the trans-media and self-propulsion processes. Results indicate that the optimal launching speed is around 15 km/h, with a stable trim and heave, and a launching angle range of 15°–25° for insubmersibility and stability. Furthermore, high-speed water exiting enhances insubmersibility and imposes lower requirements on road adhesion conditions, outperforming low-speed water exiting. In terms of self-propelled river crossing, higher heading angles and faster river currents improve hydrodynamic lift, with the fastest crossing achieved at a 10° heading angle for a current speed of 2.5 m/s and a forward speed of 30 km/h.
One-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the isothermal-evaporation of an axisymmetric-unbounded liquid bridge
Authors: Ward Thomas , Thuo Martin , Soori Tejaswi
Published: November 2023

In this manuscript, we examine the isothermal-evaporation of an unbounded axisymmetric liquid bridge confined between parallel-planar similar or chemically different substrates using both theory and experiments for axial Bond numbers 0.04 and 0.16. A perturbation analysis of the governing equations of motion produced a one-dimensional equation model, and this model made it possible to compute the interface profile evolution. Glass-acrylic or acrylic-acrylic substrate pairs (top-bottom) were used in experiments, with purified water as the liquid. Transient liquid-bridge volume estimates and contact angle data were extracted via image analysis at fixed time intervals and compared with results from the profiles that were computed using the one-dimensional equation model. There was good agreement when comparing the volume estimates and contact angle data.
Induction of ice VII structure with secondary shock compression by backward Raman scattering in plasmas
Authors: Li Fabing , Sun Chenglin
Published: November 2023

Forward stimulated Raman scattering and backward stimulated Raman scattering (BSRS) are measured when an intense 532 nm nanosecond pulsed laser is focused into water and heavy water. The investigation reveals a significant observation: the formation of the ice VII structure exclusively occurs in the backward direction when optical breakdown takes place, provided that the input energy falls below 90 mJ for liquid water or 75 mJ for heavy water. This phase transition is attributed to secondary shock compression, which comes from energy transfer and compression between the BSRS in plasmas with the pump laser. The optical breakdown experiment under pre-pressure reveals that the shock compression in the back direction is approximately 2.3 times that of the forward direction. This research is useful for shock compression and dynamics in plasmas.
PARP7-mediated ADP-ribosylation of FRA1 promotes cancer cell growth by repressing IRF1- and IRF3-dependent apoptosis
Authors: Manetsch Patrick , Böhi Flurina , Nowak Kathrin , Leslie Pedrioli Deena M. , Hottiger Michael O.
Published: November 2023

PARP7 was reported to promote tumor growth in a cell-autonomous manner and by repressing the antitumor immune response. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of how PARP7-mediated ADP-ribosylation exerts these effects in cancer cells remains elusive. Here, we identified PARP7 as a nuclear and cysteine-specific mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that modifies targets critical for regulating transcription, including the AP-1 transcription factor FRA1. Loss of FRA1 ADP-ribosylation via PARP7 inhibition by RBN-2397 or mutation of the ADP-ribosylation site C97 increased FRA1 degradation by the proteasome via PSMC3. The reduction in FRA1 protein levels promoted IRF1- and IRF3-dependent cytokine as well as proapoptotic gene expression, culminating in CASP8-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, high PARP7 expression was indicative of the PARP7 inhibitor response in FRA1-positive lung and breast cancer cells. Collectively, our findings highlight the connected roles of PARP7 and FRA1 and emphasize the clinical potential of PARP7 inhibitors for FRA1-driven cancers.