bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis, design and parametric study of RCC box culvert using STAAD.Pro
Authors: Salman Biradar , Shreedhar R. , Shradha Hiremath
Published: February 2025

Culverts are vital components of earth embankments, allowing watercourses like streams and nallas to flow without disrupting natural water movement. They play a key role in managing floodwaters on either side of the embankment, helping to reduce water levels and mitigate flood risks. Culverts come in various shapes, including arch, slab, and box configurations, and can be constructed from materials such as masonry or reinforced concrete. Embedded within earth embankments, culverts are subjected to traffic loads similar to those on the road surface and must be designed to accommodate these loads. This paper focuses on the structural design and parametric analysis of RCC box culverts, both with and without cushions, using STAAD.Pro. Design parameters, such as size, invert level, and layout, are determined based on hydraulic requirements and site-specific conditions, with the cushion thickness varying according to the road profile at the culvert location. This study examines various load cases, including empty box, full box, and surcharge loads, while considering factors such as effective width, load dispersion through fill, impact factor, and earth pressure coefficient, in accordance with IRC codes. It provides a comprehensive discussion on code provisions, design considerations, and justifications for the structural design of RCC box culverts, ensuring they can withstand maximum bending moments and shear forces.
Construction of lightweight bricks using coconut leaf ash and building by-products
Authors: Akshay Kumar Jain , Priyanshu Singh , Nilay Lilhare
Published: February 2025

The construction industry is increasingly focusing on sustainable and eco-friendly building materials to reduce the environmental impact of conventional materials. This study explores the development of lightweight bricks by incorporating coconut leaf ash and building by-products as partial substitutes for traditional raw materials. This study includes other building by-products like fly ash and slag to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the bricks, while coconut leaf ash, a by-product of agricultural waste, provides an innovative solution for recycling organic waste. The objective of this study is to produce lightweight bricks that meet standard construction requirements while also being more energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable. This experimental study involves determining the optimal mix proportions of coconut leaf ash and building by-products to achieve desired strength, weight, and durability characteristics. Preliminary results indicate that the incorporation of these alternative materials not only reduces the weight of the bricks but also enhances their thermal insulation properties, making them suitable for a wide range of construction applications. The findings suggest that lightweight bricks made from coconut leaf ash and building by-products offer a viable alternative to traditional bricks, with significant potential for adoption in sustainable construction practices.
Пріоритети розвитку податкових систем країн ЄС у контексті реалізації цілей сталого розвитку
Authors: Ісламлі Джейхун
Published: February 2025

У дослідженні розглядається розвиток податкових систем країн Європейського Союзу у контексті реалізації Цілей сталого розвитку (ЦСР). Проаналізовано інтеграцію фіскальних політик країн ЄС з екологічними, соціальними та економічними ініціативами. Акцентовано, що основні пріоритети враховують стимулювання зеленого переходу, зменшення соціальної нерівності та забезпечення фіскальної прозорості. Особлива увага приділяється екологічним податкам, що становлять значну частину доходів ЄС та є ефективним засобом для зменшення негативного впливу на довкілля. Податки на викиди CO2 та інші парникові гази допомагають контролювати забруднення повітря та покращувати його якість. Впровадження Європейського зеленого курсу (European Green Deal) і нових податкових інструментів для підтримки ЦСР, таких як податки на викиди та поступове скасування субсидій на викопне паливо, є ключовими для досягнення кліматичної нейтральності країнами ЄС до 2050 року. Важливим компонентом є Механізм коригування вуглецевих кордонів (CBAM), що забезпечує справедливу ціну на вуглець, стимулюючи чистіше промислове виробництво в країнах, що не є членами ЄС. Податкові системи ЄС також адаптуються для боротьби з агресивними податковими практиками, які підривають соціально-економічну стабільність.
Забезпечення прозорості щодо звітування про податкову стратегію компаній та інтеграція податкових аспектів у стратегії сталого розвитку дозволяють підтримувати відповідність ведення бізнесу податковому законодавству, ефективно використовувати можливості грантів для фінансування екологічних ініціатив та зміцнювати довіру до корпоративної податкової практики. Екологічне оподаткування є не лише інструментом зниження негативного впливу на довкілля, але й важливим механізмом стимулювання інновацій, підтримки економічного зростання, забезпечення соціальної стабільності, зменшення викидів парникових газів, збереження екосистем і підвищення якості життя в Європейському Союзі.
Sources of financing armed conflicts: the case of russia's armed aggression against Ukraine
Authors: Sedliakivska Karyna
Published: February 2025

The research focuses on the financial mechanisms underlying modern armed conflicts. Using the example of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the study analyses various sources of financing that support Russia's military operations, including state funding from the state budget, energy export revenues, bonds and the use of reserve funds. The impact of economic policy and monetary adjustments on Russia's ability to finance armed conflicts is analysed, as well as the role of external support in the form of loans, trade agreements and private contributions, in particular from Russian companies and oligarchs. Significant attention is paid to illicit methods of financing, such as smuggling of arms and other goods, cybercrime, drug trafficking, as well as the use of offshore schemes and tax evasion to circumvent international sanctions and controls. It also examines the role of private investment in military operations, including contributions from oligarchs and the activities of private military companies. The study also describes the impact of international sanctions and economic pressure on Russia's financial strategy, as well as the public perception and social consequences of the financing methods used.
Overcoming the human resources crisis as a global challenge to Ukraine’s national security
Authors: Slipeniuk Vasyl , Klymenko Anastasiya , Klymenko Oleksandr
Published: February 2025

The article highlights the causes and solutions to the human resources crisis in Ukraine, which has become particularly acute during the period of Russia’s full-scale invasion of our territory, and which affects the issue of economic security as part of national security and is one of the global challenges of today. The consequences of the full-scale invasion in terms of increasing the shortage of personnel in the national economy are the massive departure of Ukrainian citizens abroad, a change in the direction of employment due to the need to repel the enemy, including through mobilization into the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and the deaths of both military personnel who until recently had civilian professions and civilian working-age population as a result of the war. When examining the issue of staff shortages in terms of future prospects, it is emphasized that most of the Ukrainians who left the country as a result of the war are children of senior school age. The importance of this issue lies in the fact that children, integrating into a new space for themselves, can link their future with another state, while becoming part of its economy and professionally fulfilling themselves in their chosen field, reducing contacts and their future with Ukraine. It is substantiated that the problem of personnel shortage in Ukraine is very relevant and affects the issue of national security. In today’s context, there are many discussions on how to overcome this challenge. Among the initiatives that have prospects for implementation and are among the most acceptable are those related to finding solutions aimed at returning Ukrainian citizens to Ukraine and involving them in filling vacant positions, as well as creating conditions for the implementation of their entrepreneurial or other initiatives. It is emphasized that the implementation of other initiatives, including those aimed at attracting citizens of other states to the labour market in Ukraine, requires a more serious study and consideration of all possible consequences of such proposals. In this matter, it is important to take into account the experience of other states, especially in the context of our European integration, the experience of the European Union, and to adhere to a balanced approach, taking into account national interests and national security issues.
National security and personal data protection in the era of digital technologies
Authors: Fasii Bohdan
Published: February 2025

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the interrelationship between personal data protection and national security in the context of digital transformation. The development of information technologies creates new challenges that require a reconsideration of traditional approaches to ensuring state security and protecting human rights. Particular attention is given to the issues of foreign experience in personal data protection and the reasons behind the insufficient level of protection in Ukraine. An important aspect is the study of threats emerging in the digital environment, such as cyber espionage, cyberattacks, and mass surveillance of personal data, which may jeopardize human rights. The article also explores legal, technical, and organizational mechanisms for data protection, including the implementation of encryption, multi-factor authentication, and the use of artificial intelligence to enhance security. The leading research methods employed are dialectical and systematic, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between personal data protection and national security in the context of digital transformation. The dialectical method facilitates the study of the evolution of legal norms and technological processes in the face of the constantly changing challenges of cyberspace, particularly through the juxtaposition of threats and security measures. The systematic method enables the evaluation of legal, technical, and organizational aspects of personal data protection as part of an integrated national security mechanism, including legal standards, state policies, and technological solutions. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the in-depth analysis of the interconnection between personal data protection and national security in the digital age, as well as in identifying key threats and legal approaches to addressing them. The practical significance is in providing specific proposals for the implementation of modern technical solutions to enhance protection against cyber threats.
The hedge or safe haven property of gold, cryptocurrency, and clean energy of China and US economies against the changes in oil prices: Evidence from ARDL approach
Authors: Perveen Asia
Published: February 2025

Using the ARDL technique, this article examines the hedging or safe haven property of gold to oil
prices, cryptocurrency, and clean energy in the US and China monthly data from 2013-2018. The
findings demonstrate that there are connections between oil, bitcoin, gold, and renewable energy
that are both short- and long-term. The investors benefit from this relationship when making
hedging decisions. Nonetheless, a negative connection exists between Bitcoin and gold, indicating
that the latter might serve as a safe haven for investments. The contradictory findings between the
Bound test and the ECM underscore the complexities of analyzing relationships among variables,
which might be due to the small sample size. However, legislative support for renewable energy
and the choice of technology may be influenced by the effectiveness of clean energy stock markets
in the US and China, which can then affect the development of clean energy technology.
Investigation of political chaos and performance of Pakistan Stock Exchange: A case of KSE 100-Index
Authors: Naveed Javed Muhammad , Faraz Muhammad
Published: February 2025

The Stock market is a crucial element of any financial system, and it plays a significant role. It
is observed that the stock market's performance is an important indicator of the economic health
of any country. Pakistan stock exchange deals with bonds, Shares, debentures, options
forwards, etc., that may be affected due to any news and events directly or indirectly. This
study explores the effect of certain political events on the stock market performance from 2000-
2022. The major events selected for this study regarding political chaos include the
assassination of Benazir Bhutto, restorations of judges, rigging in the general elections, Regime
changes, long marches, etc. Data was collected from Pakistan magazine NGOs regarding the
KSE-100 index, and selected political news/events were identified based on websites,
magazines, newspapers, etc. Findings indicate that most of the selected events of political chaos
resulted in a negative impact on the performance of the stock market (KSE-100 Index). This
study is helpful for various stakeholders, i.e., government, financial institutions and nonfinancial, SECP, policymakers, and domestic and global investors, practically and
theoretically
Nexus of economic diversification, institutional quality, and co2 emissions: Evidence from emerging economies
Authors: Rashid Anum
Published: February 2025

Emerging economies are under immense pressure to lessen their emissions of CO2. This study
intends to assess the effect of economic diversification on emissions of CO2 empirically.
Additionally, the study examines how several aspects of institutional quality—economic, political,
and legal—modify the connection between economic diversification and CO2 emissions. The
study uses the full economic diversification index data, which includes product, trade, and
government revenue diversification indicators, and a sample of emerging economies for the years
2000–2020. The findings posit that economic diversification contributes positively to emissions of
CO2. The results also elucidate that institutional quality plays a significant role in the linkage of CO2 emissions and economic diversification. The interaction between institutional quality indices
and economic diversification shows that the mutual effect of these two variables is effective in
stimulating CO2 emissions. The empirical outcomes suggest innovative policies for cleaner
production. The results suggest the imperative policy recommendations for regulators and
policymakers that economic diversification doesn’t undermine carbon emissions but exacerbates
them.
Rancang bangun trainer pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro menggunakan turbin pelton
Authors: Hidayat Achmad Taufik , Choifin Mochammad
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun trainer mikrohidro menggunakan turbin Pelton sebagai alat pembelajaran energi terbarukan. Proses perancangan meliputi identifikasi kebutuhan, desain atau konsep, pengadaan komponen, perakitan, dan pengujian. Turbin Pelton dipilih karena efisiensinya dalam mengkonversi energi potensial air menjadi energi mekanik pada aliran bertekanan tinggi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengukur aliran air, ketinggian air, output tegangan menggunakan  alat ukur voltmeter. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menghasilkan daya listrik yang stabil dan efisien sesuai spesifikasi desain. Trainer mikrohidro ini efektif untuk mengajarkan prinsip mikrohidro dan konversi energi terbarukan. Dalam percobaan variasi yang berbeda pada alat Trainer mikrohidro memberikan dampak pada keluaran tegangan yang dihasilkan. Untuk performa terbaik terdapat pada pengujian menggunakan dimmer dengan nilai rata rata tegangan sebesar 50,02 V dan rata rata kecepatan putaran generator sebesar 707 Rpm.
Penentuan Nilai Efektivitas Kondensor Di PLTSa Merah Putih Bantar Gebang
Authors: Hidayati Noor , Sumadipraja Berlian Firdaus
Published: February 2025

Kondensor merupakan perangkat penukar panas yang menerima uap panas dari turbin uap dan kemudian mendinginkannya menjadi air kondensat setelah mengalami proses perpindahan panas. Karena kondensor merupakan peralatan utama dalam Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah (PLTSa), jika terjadi kerusakan pada kondensor maka dapat menghambat proses produksi listrik di PLTSa Merah Putih Bantar Gebang. Tujuan penelitian yakni mendapatkan nilai menentukan efektivitas dan variabel-variabel yang memengaruhi kinerja kondensor di PLTSa Merah Putih Bantar Gebang. Selanjutnya melakukan analisis dengan menggunakan metode yaitu LMTD (Log Mean Temperature Difference) dan NTU (Number Of Transfer Unit) – Efektivitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perhitungan pada tanggal 09 Oktober 2023 – 23 Oktober 2023  kondensor PLTSa Merah Putih Bantar Gebang didapatkan nilai efektivitas kondensor terbaik sebesar 99,81% dan rata-rata sebesar 99,80%. Besarnya nilai efektivitas dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel seperti (LMTD), Rasio kapasitas panas, NTU, dan tekanan vakum kondensor. Berdasarkan evaluasi dapat disimpulkan efektivitas dari kondensor PLTSa tergolong mempunyai performa yang baik
A new result on the existence of positive solutions for a class of fractional Kirchhoff-type systems with multiple parameters
Authors: Guefaifia R. , Bouali Т. , Rasouli S. H.
Published: February 2025

This paper is devoted to the problem of existence of positive weak solutions for a class of fractional Kirchhoff-type systems with multiple parameters. By using the sub-supersolution method and some analysis techniques, we prove a new existence result. To the best of our knowledge, our results are new in the study of fractional Kirchhoff-type systems.
Effect of parenteral application of β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and selenium on selected antioxidant/oxidant parameters in dairy calves
Authors: Kadek Romana , Filípek Jaroslav , Mikulková Karolína , Staffa Andrea , Šimková Ivana , Bartoň Jakub , Illek Josef
Published: February 2025

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of parenteral application of vitamin preparations on selected antioxidant/oxidant parameters. Thirty Holstein heifer calves aged 7–10 days were divided into three groups: control group (no vitamin supplementation); experimental group A (application of α-tocopherol and selenium); and experimental group B (application of α-tocopherol and β-carotene). The first blood sampling and at the same time the first parenteral application of the vitamin formula in experimental groups A and B were performed in heifers at the age of 7–10 days and then again at the age of 35 days. The last blood sampling was performed at the age of 70 days. The following main parameters were determined in the blood of heifers: retinol, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, selenium (Se), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Group B showed a significantly higher concentration of β-carotene (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) and α-tocopherol (P < 0.05) at the second sampling compared to the control group and group A. At the third collection, a higher concentration of α-tocopherol was observed in group B (P < 0.001) and A (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. The TAC and GPx activity in calves was significantly higher in the third sampling in group A compared to the control group (for TAC; P < 0.05) and group B (for TAC; P < 0.05; GPx P < 0.01). Repeated parenteral administration of the vitamin preparation had a significant effect on some of the selected antioxidant parameters in calves. On the other hand, during the period of expected increased oxidative stress, a sharp decrease in most antioxidant parameters was observed.
Protein profile in dairy cows with left displaced abomasum
Authors: Kadaši Marián , Dolník Michal , Mekková Simona , Hisira Vladimír , Glembová Veronika , Gomulec Pavol , Tóthová Csilla , Nagy Oskar
Published: February 2025

The goal of this study was to compare and evaluate the protein profiles of healthy cows and cows diagnosed with left displaced abomasum (LDA) (at the first phase of lactation). Cows were admitted to the Clinic of Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Slovakia (UVMP) between 2018 and 2020. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein to an EDTA tube from 26 cows, 13 healthy ones and 13 diagnosed with LDA. Biochemical indices were determined in a UVMP laboratory and included total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea and total immunoglobulins. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 9.0.0 and two-tailed Student’s t-test. The mean value of total protein was 75.38 ± 14.93 g/l, and 77.84 ± 10.97 g/l for control group and for LDA affected cows, respectively. The mean albumin concentration for the control group was 37.27 ± 6.02 g/l, while for LDA group it was 32.84 ± 8.7 g/l. The mean creatinine and urea concentrations were 99.72 ± 66.88 µmol/l and 4.44 ± 4.47 mmol/l, respectively, in the control group, and 91.67 ± 25.44 µmol/l and 5.09 ± 2.65 mmol/l, respectively, in cows diagnosed with LDA. Total immunoglobulins were at the level of 37.13 ± 7.65 zinc sulphate turbidity test (ZST) in healthy cows whereas LDA group had 32.8 ± 5.2 ZST. Although the difference was not significant (P > 0.05), protein profiles varied between healthy cows and cows diagnosed with LDA. Further research is needed to determine the differences in protein profiles between groups of larger numbers of individuals.
Analisis Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penjualan pada Ameera Cafe Sampang
Authors: Rachmawati Ria
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the application of accounting information systems in the sales process at Ameera Café Sampang. A good accounting information system is expected to support operational efficiency and accuracy of transaction recording, which is very important for business continuity, especially in culinary businesses such as Ameera Café. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through in-depth interviews with owners, managers, and staff who are directly involved in the sales process at Ameera Café. The results of the study indicate that Ameera Café has not fully implemented an effective accounting information system, especially in terms of integration between operational procedures, accounting functions, and sales transaction documentation. The procedures applied are still manual and limited to simple transaction recording without a standardized and integrated system. The accounting function is not yet optimal in monitoring and setting aside income and costs related to the sales process, so that recording errors or inaccuracies often occur in financial reports. Documentation that should include complete and clear evidence of transactions, such as sales invoices and daily reports, has not been carried out consistently. These findings indicate an urgent need to develop and improve the accounting information system at Ameera Café, especially in terms of procedures, documentation, and the application of technology to speed up and simplify transaction recording. This study recommends that Ameera Café consider adopting a computer-based accounting information system that can integrate all aspects of the business, from recording transactions to preparing financial reports in real time and accurately. Thus, the implementation of a better information system can improve financial performance, reduce the risk of errors, and support more appropriate decision making for business management.
De la misión de la Divina Pastora a las pastorías de la hacienda de San Francisco de Patos. Captura y traslado de indios pames entre fronteras de guerra, 1780-1781
Authors: Sánchez Luna Gilberto Sebastián
Published: February 2025

Este texto analiza el traslado en 1780-1781 de indios pames de la misión de la Divina Pastora actualmente en San Luis Potosí hacia las pastorías de la hacienda de San Francisco de Patos hoy General Cepeda, Coahuila. Este estudio de tipo cualitativo plantea que la captura y traslado de indios pames de una frontera de guerra no únicamente perseguía el propósito de disminuir su oposición al avance español, sino utilizar su fuerza de trabajo en haciendas ubicadas en regiones distantes donde la resistencia era menor. Las fuentes principales son los libros de la parroquia de San Francisco de Asís y de la misión. Se revisa el contexto histórico-geográfico y la situación en que se encontraba la lucha contra los indígenas nativos en ambas fronteras de guerra y los limitados resultados que los franciscanos obtuvieron en la evangelización de los indígenas y su incorporación al sistema productivo impuesto por los españoles. Se concluye que la captura y traslado de unidades familiares de indios pames fue una estrategia recurrente que facilitó la colonización del Nuevo Santander y regiones vecinas y permitió a los pames sobrevivir como grupo bien diferenciado culturalmente dedicado a las actividades agropecuarias de la hacienda de San Francisco de Patos.
Evaluating the Trade-Off Between Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving in Spray Drying Operations
Authors: Karaca Dolgun Gülşah
Published: February 2025

In this study, modelling simulations were employed to analyze the effects of inlet drying air flow rate and temperature, product feed rate, and heat recovery ratio in a spray dryer. The energy efficiency, energy savings, and final product outlet temperature were investigated. As the heat recovery ratio (by-pass ratio) increased, total energy savings improved, though energy efficiency declined at a slower rate compared to energy savings. The modelling study, conducted with five different by-pass ratios (100%, 70%, 50%, 30%, and 0%), indicated that the optimal by-pass ratio was 30%. At this ratio, energy efficiency decreased by 5%, while energy savings increased by approximately 16%. Additionally, at higher by-pass ratios, the product outlet temperature rose significantly. To maintain product quality, it was found that the maximum acceptable temperature of 60°C could be achieved at by-pass ratios of 40% or lower.
COMPARISON OF ASE SPECTRUMS OF SINGLE PASS AND DOUBLE PASS Er, Yb, Er-Yb DOPED FIBER AMPLIFIERS
Authors: Yücel Murat , Pishgam Pouria
Published: February 2025

In this study, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectra of Erbium (EDFA), Ytterbium (YDFA), and Erbium-Ytterbium (EYDFA) doped optical amplifiers were obtained in single-pass and double-pass simulation setups, compared and interpreted with each other. The and spectra of the single-pass and double-pass setups of EDFA, YDFA, and EYDFA were compared using the ASE equations obtained at the Erbium energy level. The values applied in the single-pass and double-pass simulations, pump wavelength, pump power, amplifier length, and amplifier parameters, were assumed equally in both models. The pump wavelength for EDFA was 1480 nm, and the pump power was 1400 mW; the pump wavelength for YDFA was 960 nm, and the pump power was 800 mW, and these values were applied as 1025 nm and 1600 mW for EYDFA, respectively. The graphs at the output of the dual port spectrum analyzer showed that higher ASE values were obtained in the double-pass environment compared to the single-pass environment.
THE IMPACT OF CSR ON SHAREHOLDER VALUE
Authors: Salgar Arunkumar
Published: February 2025

The impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives on shareholder value is examined in this paper, along with the ways in which socially conscious business practices affect market perceptions and firm performance. Based on a thorough analysis of the body of research and empirical data, the study explores whether and how CSR investments can improve risk management, competitive differentiation, and financial results. The research shows that CSR initiatives, from community involvement to ethical labor practices and environmental sustainability, can boost investor confidence and result in long-term value creation by examining case studies and statistical data from a variety of industries. According to the findings, although the direct financial benefits of corporate social responsibility (CSR) may differ depending on the industry, enhanced market valuation and stakeholder trust are typically associated with the strategic integration of CSR into core business operations. By outlining the circumstances in which corporate social responsibility (CSR) investments are most likely to result in quantifiable benefits for shareholders, this paper adds to the ongoing discussion and offers guidance to investors, policymakers, and corporate executives who are interested in the long-term viability of businesses.
HEALTH INSURANCE IS A ROAD TO FINANCIAL HEAVEN”- A STUDY ON PERCEPTION AND SATISFACTION OF CUSTOMERS TOWARDS HEALTH INSURANCE.
Authors: Begum Dilshad
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: Nature is uncertain and unpredictable. The same is true with the life of an individual which is surrounded by risks and uncertainties in this volatile world. Any kind of misfortune may lead from minor to serious injuries or even loss of life. Diseases too never knock our doors to enter our body. Money will never ever be able to buy life or cure diseases till the existence of this world but to cope up with hard times in our life and life of our near and dear ones when we leave for heavenly abode. Health insurance is one of the important approaches that can help in boosting universal healthcare coverage through improved healthcare utilization and financial protection. The objectives of this review is to identify various interventions implemented in Karnataka to promote perception and satisfaction level of health insurance towards health insurance by the resident of Karnataka population.
RHETORIC IN SILENCE! THE COURT IS IN SESSION BY VIJAY TENDULKAR
Authors: Trivedi Archana , Kumar Shusheel
Published: February 2025

Man has studied and praised rhetoric since the early days of the written word. The Mesopotamians and Ancient Egyptians both valued the ability to speak with eloquence and wisdom. However, it wasn’t until the rise of Greek democracy that rhetoric became a high art that was studied and developed systematically.
COMPARATIVE PROFILING OF PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SINGLES AND DOUBLES BADMINTON PLAYERS
Authors: Singh Pankaj
Published: February 2025

The nature and demands of singles and doubles game in badminton significantly differs, so does the physical performance of players of these categories. The motive of the present study was to present a comparative profile of physical performance characteristics of singles and doubles badminton players. Reaction time, flexibility, shoulder strength, leg explosive strength, grip strength, and thumb pinch were selected for assessment of physical performance. A total of 60 male players (30 from each category) were selected as subjects of age ranged between 18 to 25 years. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test were used as statistical tools to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference in reaction time, flexibility, grip strength, and thumb pinch of singles and doubles players; while no significant differences were observed for shoulder strength and leg explosive strength.
E-LEARNING ATTITUDE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN IMPHAL, MANIPUR: A DEMOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Konsam Rebika Devi  , Konjengbam Rashitombi Devi
Published: February 2025

A study was conducted on a random sample of 500 undergraduate students from Arts, Science, and Commerce streams across ten colleges in Imphal East and West districts of Manipur. The research utilized a well-validated inventory developed by Dimpal Rani to assess students' attitudes toward e-learning. This inventory consisted of 65 items rated on a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics and an independent sample test. The results provided valuable insights into various factors influencing students' attitudes toward e-learning. Key findings highlighted that students' attitudes were independent of variables such as the type of college, family structure, gender, and guardian literacy. However, the study also pointed out the dependence of students’ attitudes on the quality of network connectivity, emphasizing its critical role in shaping e-learning experiences. The research underscores the need to address infrastructural challenges, particularly network quality, to enhance the effectiveness of e-learning. Moreover, it suggests that factors like gender, family background, and guardian literacy do not significantly impact students' receptiveness to e-learning, reflecting a more inclusive approach to digital education. These findings can guide policymakers and educators in implementing targeted interventions for improving e-learning outcomes.
PHILOSOPHY OF AESTHETIC AND THE ART
Authors: Waseem Mohd. Meraj
Published: February 2025

This study is focused on the “Philosophy of Aesthetics and the Art by any Form of Creatives (Design)”, aims to highlight the values, importance and its relevance to the mankind, that how the Aesthetics and the Art affect professional and social life. Impacts and values of aesthetics & art described in this research Paper are directly/indirectly connect to the ‘Nature’; a nature which has two faced values a God’s nature and Men’s nature. This work is purely based on writer’s/researcher’s personal observation and experience of more than 25 years in the Academics and the Industry (related to Applied Art, Painting, Drawing, Illustration, Graphic Design, Photography, Interior Design & Architecture, Exhibition and Advertising), but he has also used many relevant references, statements, and study material to make and prove his research/study most relevant, strong, and approved by his readers. In this study many aspects of social and professional life issues are addressed to prove the importance of Philosophy of the Aesthetics and the Art by any Form of Creatives (Design), when it is applied in daily routine life. The findings also demonstrate, when the Aesthetics and the Art are applied appropriately in our social and professional surroundings then we will see how one’s perception is changed when he/she feels comfortable through the creation of an environment by the Aesthetics and the Art. To achieve the high values of the Aesthetics and the Art, as a conclusion we can say that the Aesthetics and the Art experience makes direct impact on professional and social development of the society.
A SmartPLS4-based CB-SEM confirmatory factor analysis: A case of speaking needs for Chinese business English undergraduates
Authors: Hu Ke , AlSaqqaf Asmaa
Published: February 2025

Over the past decade, there has been an increasing emphasis on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) within China’s higher education language programs. However, the shift towards ESP presents a multifaceted challenge, particularly for business English teaching at higher education, where speaking proficiency is crucial yet often falls below expectations. Considering these issues, the authors of this study developed a scale based on relevant literature to pinpoint students' needs for Oral Business English (OBE) instruction, and to explore the interplay among constructs within the scale that define these needs. This quantitative study employed a two-phase approach, utilizing separate datasets and different sample sizes of Chinese business English undergraduates selected through simple random sampling. Phase one (N = 52) leveraged SPSS 29 for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), while phase two (N = 396) utilized SmartPLS4 for covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings reveal that the undergraduate respondents grapple with a total of five distinct needs related to OBE instruction. These include three target needs: difficulties in oral communication, oral challenges in collaborative engagement, and required speaking activities. Additionally, there are two learning needs: perceived learning styles and perceived course satisfaction. Significantly, as perceived by these undergraduate respondents, each of these needs was found to have a substantial impact on the effectiveness of OBE instruction in China.
PENGARUH RELEVANSI NILAI, PERENCANAAN PAJAK, PSAK 239, DAN KESEHATAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM
Authors: Mylano Efferin Artjan , Rachmawati Dyna
Published: February 2025

Investor saham terus meningkat karena masyarakat menyadari bahwa return saham yang diperoleh dapat membantu dalam pencapaian financial freedom dengan sektor perbankan sebagai pilihan utama karena paling aman. Investor akan menganalisis perusahaan perbankan dari relevansi nilai data yang tersedia, strategi yang digunakan oleh perusahaan perbankan, seperti perencanaan pajak dan PSAK 239 terkait hedging derivative, dan keuangan perbankan, yang dilihat dari rasio CAMEL. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji relevansi nilai, perencanaan pajak, PSAK 239, dan kesehatan keuangan terhadap return saham perbankan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengujian hipotesis dan analisis data dengan e-views. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini 40 perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2019-2023. Teknik analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah regresi linier majemuk. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa relevansi nilai berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap return saham; perencanaan pajak, PSAK 239, dan capital adequacy ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham; return on assets berpengaruh negatif terhadap return saham; net interest margin dan beban operasional pada pendapatan operasional tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham; serta loan to deposit ratio berpengaruh negatif terhadap return saham. Implikasi pada penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berperan sebagai referensi dalam pembelajaran, pemilihan keputusan investasi, dan penelitian selanjutnya.
The Influence of E-Books Through a Differentiation Approach Assisted with Professional Pageflip 3-Dimensions on Student Learning Outcomes on Simple Machines Topic
Authors: Gimnastiar Asih Nurbaiti , Abdjul Tirtawaty , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Odja Abdul Haris , Yusuf Muhammad , Payu Citron S.
Published: February 2025

This research aims to test the effect of e-books through a differentiated approach assisted by page flip professional 3-dimensions on student learning outcomes on simple machine topics. The research uses a pre-test and post-test control group design involving two classes as samples. Using e-books through a differentiated approach can reduce the problem of unequal distribution of printed books and make it possible to adapt them to each student's learning style because each student has their learning style. This is shown through the hypothesis criteria where the significance value of 0.030 is smaller than the significance level of 0.05, so H0 is rejected, and Ha is accepted. This is also supported by acquiring an N-gain Score value of 0.81 in the experimental class, which meets the high category, and in the control class, 0.51, which meets the medium category. For the N-gain percent interpretation category, the results obtained in the experimental class were 81 in the effective interpretation category, while for the control class, the results were 51 in the less effective interpretation category. This indicates that e-books, through a differentiated approach assisted by page flip professional 3-dimensions, can improve student learning outcomes, especially in simple machine topics. This research concludes that e-books, through a differentiated approach assisted by page flip professional 3-dimensions, can be an effective alternative for improving the quality of science learning in schools.
Program Pengenalan Hand-Only CPR Pada Siswa Dan Guru SD Negeri 37 Ampenan
Authors: Nantana Lara Maras , Fitriani Restu Jayan Putri  , Muhammad Abiansah  , Muhammad Aras Alkadri  , Muhamad Hendi  , Abdul Majid
Published: February 2025

Introduction to Hands-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) for Students and Teachers is an important step in increasing awareness and the ability to provide first aid in cases of sudden cardiac arrest occurring outside of a hospital, particularly in school environments. This socialization demonstrates that education and training on Hands-Only CPR, conducted using effective methods, can improve the skills of students and teachers in delivering basic life support to cardiac arrest patients. This socialization activity was attended by thirty students and teachers at Elementary School 37 Ampenan, Mataram City. The program included material presentations, demonstrations, a question and answer session, and hands-on practice using simple mannequins. The hands-on practice was conducted with the help of a rhythm song. Through this socialization, students were able to understand the main steps, such as correct and consistent chest compressions, and learn important emergency contact numbers. As a result of the Hands-Only CPR education, students were able to explain this first aid procedure to their peers in front of the class and contribute positively in emergency situations, as well as increase their confidence in taking action during a real emergency.
A VIRTUDE DO ERRO: UMA VISÃO CONSTRUTIVA DA AVALIAÇÂO
Authors: NASCIMENTO MARIA AUGIRLENE SILVA DO
Published: February 2025

RESUMO O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar as metodologias utilizadas no ensino fundamental I. A partir do entendimento de que a avaliação deve ser feita com o objetivo de verificar a aprendizagem do aluno ou seja, “medir” o seu nível de aprendizado, porém o que se tem percebido é que a avaliação tem desviado desse objetivo e atualmente tem cumprido o papel de classificar os educandos, selecionando-os e criando hierarquias de excelência, se distanciando do seu objetivo original que é o de diagnosticar o aprendizado dos mesmos. Este artigo é de natureza bibliográfica e qualitativa,o qual utilizamos como dados primários a pesquisa em livros e artigos de autores renomados como Philippe Perrenold ( 2010) , Célia Regina (2013) , Benigna Maria( 2012) Luckesi (2010) e Teresa Esteban ( 2008) , e dados secundários uma entrevista semiestruturada. O despertar para este estudo surgiu também da nossa vivencia como docentes e por ser um tema atual e relevante no meio escolar.
Targeted customer classification using machine learning techniques
Authors: Mrs. Vijayajyothi Chiluka  , Pravalika Bandi  , Pranathi Enumula  , Laxmi Sowjanya Korvi  , Varun Teja Seelam
Published: February 2025

Targeted Customer Classification Using Machine Learning Techniques aims to optimize marketing strategies through data-driven customer segmentation and personalization. Traditional models, often limited by simplistic attributes like income, fail to capture the nuanced behaviors and preferences of diverse customer bases, resulting in static clusters and generalized offers that do not adapt to evolving consumer trends. To address these challenges, this project proposes an advanced model leveraging machine learning for dynamic and precise customer classification. The system employs KMeans clustering to segment customers into distinct groups based on demographic attributes such as age and spending patterns. Following this, a Random Forest classifier is used to predict and classify new customers into these predefined clusters. By tailoring personalized offers aligned with each cluster's characteristics, the system enhances marketing efficiency, improves customer engagement, and drives sales. Implemented using Python-based frameworks and integrated with a user-friendly interface, the model supports seamless data input and real-time predictions. This approach empowers businesses to gain actionable insights and make more informed decisions. Future enhancements include integrating real-time data processing, expanding feature sets, and exploring deep learning techniques to improve segmentation and prediction accuracy further.
Leveraging deep CNNs for accurate facial emotion recognition and analysis
Authors: P Chiranjeevi  , Nagalaxmi Kalluri  , Sai Saket Gurubhagavatula  , Abhishek Kuncham  , Mohammed Sami
Published: February 2025

Facial Emotion Detection is imaginative and prescient and device mastering; it determines human emotions based totally on facial expressions, thereby the distance among emotional intelligence from a human and synthetic intelligence allowing natural human-gadget interactions. Spotting feelings efficiently is a need for scientific, educational, advertising and marketing, leisure, and human useful resource control fields. Enhancements in such structures might be completed on this challenge based on their obstacles and creation to capabilities to cater feelings together with disgust, wonder, and neutrality, supplying emotional insights for the adaptive mastering or intellectual fitness tracking applications. The system enables simultaneous analyses of several humans within the frame as it can efficiently deal with multi-face detection as pertinent to some organization situations-which includes lecture rooms, conferences, or social gatherings- and gives a closing self-belief score to every prediction growing reliability and trustworthiness.
Building Hope: Program for Handling Psychosocial Problems of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Denpasar
Authors: Khairunnisa Fitasya , Sukmana Oman , Abidin Zaenal , Astutik Juli
Published: February 2025

The research aims to describe the forms of Psychosocial Problems Experienced by People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and the programs of the Spirit Paramacitta Foundation to overcome the psychosocial problems of PLWHA. The research location was the Spirit Paramacitta Foundation Denpasar, Bali Province. The research uses a qualitative descriptive. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Research subjects and informants were determined purposively. Data analysis techniques refer to the perspective of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which includes the processes: data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion and verification. The data validity techniques used are extended observations and source triangulation. The results of the research show that the psychosocial problems of PLWHA at the rejection response stage are in the form of hopelessness, suicidal ideation, and drug use, while at the self-acceptance stage, the psychosocial problems are in the form of social anxiety, feelings of inferiority, social withdrawal, social stigma, and discrimination. Meanwhile, the program for handling psychosocial problems carried out by the Spirit Paramacitta Foundation is a social support program and a social mentoring program. The social support program includes emotional, appreciation, and socialization support. In contrast, the social assistance program includes health service referrals, assistance in taking medication, and home visits. The social services provided by the Spirit Paramacitta Foundation positively impact providing life hope for PLWHA. The practical implications of this research are as a model for institutional social service practices and scientific studies in developing social support for marginalized groups.