bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 quarantine: Two-way interaction between physical activity and mental health
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen
Published: January 2021

Recent studies have revealed that physical activity significantly reduces the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection by strengthening the immune system. Also, regular physical activity can reduce the risks of developing physical and mental health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stress, anxiety, depression, etc. However, the two-way interaction between physical activity and psychological symptoms has not been well addressed yet. This paper is intended to examine various dimensions of this interaction and its effects on mental health at the time of COVID-19 quarantine.
Evaluation of the stability and antibacterial activity of crude extracts of hydro-endophytic fungi
Authors: Techaoei Surachai , Jarmkom Khemjira , Dumrongphuttidecha Thisakorn , Khobjai Warachate
Published: January 2021

The production and screening of secondary metabolites of four hydro-endophytes isolated from lotus, and the stability of bioactive compounds was evaluated. Surface-sterilized technique was used to isolate the endophytic fungi (EF) on potato dextrose agar and identified by using morphological and molecular techniques. The extracts were tested for anti-microbial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) DMST20651, Streptococcus mutans (SM) DMST18777, Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) ATCC12228, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) TISTR1467, and Propionibacterium acnes (PN) DMST14916. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities were determined. Finally, thermal and ultraviolet (UV) stability was evaluated. Four endophyte isolates (EF 14, EF36, EF53, EF58, and EF60) produced secondary metabolites and showed activity against MRSA, SM, SE, PA, and PN, respectively. The crude ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extract of EF14 showed activity against MRSA with the inhibition zone of 9.00 ± 0.00 and 7.50 ± 0.50 mm, and minimum inhibitory concentration was 4.80 and 4.90 mg/mL, respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration was 9.60 mg/mL. Whereas, the crude EtOAc and MeOH extract EF60, which were extracted by EtOAc and MeOH, showed inhibition zone of SE as 12.33 ± 0.57 and 12.33 ± 0.57 mm, respectively. Crude EtOAC extracts of EF14 showed highest thermal stability at 55°C–121°C, and UV stability with MRSA and SE, respectively. The results showed that the EtOAc extracts of EF could be potential antibacterial pathogens and displayed UV-thermal stability. This information is beneficial for future investigations, since some bioactive compounds have potential as anti-resistant strains of some bacterial pathogens.
The antiaging property of aqueous extract of Millingtonia hortensis flowers in aging neuron
Authors: Jumnongprakhon Pichaya , Pinkaew Decha , Phuneerub Pravaree
Published: January 2021

Cellular senescence is the key mediator of cellular dysfunction before undergoing degenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. The aging process was mainly by the overactivation of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) enzyme before mediated several negative responses, including intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cellular senescence regulation, and death prior encourage synaptic loss. Thus, in the recent work, we evaluated the in vitro effects of aqueous extract of Millingtonia hortensis L. (MH) from flower in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescence in SK-N-SH cells. Herein, we demonstrated that MH significantly increased cell viability and decreased both of apoptotic cells and ROS production in a dose-dependent manner comparing to aging group (P < 0.01) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, and ROS assay. Furthermore, the number of SA-β-gal-positive cells was also reduced in MH treatment (P < 0.01) together with the promotion of Sirt-1 protein. Importantly, MH also promoted the synaptic plasticity by decreased acetylcholinesterase activity and increased synaptophysin expression in aging neurons comparing to aging group (P < 0.01). Hispidulin (the active ingredient in MH) was also revealed the similarly effects to MH. Therefore, we suggested that MH might be beneficially for neurodegenerative disease that caused by aging.
Infrared Thermography and Ultrasonography of the Hands in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Yabunaka Koichi , Hayashi Noriyuki , Furumitsu Yutaka , Ohno Yoshiteru , Matsuzaki Masayo , Yamauchi Shinichi
Published: January 2021

Ultrasonography (US) and power Doppler US (PDUS) are used worldwide for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a good tool for evaluating inflammatory activity. Thermal imaging is a noncontact, noninvasive procedure using skin temperature measurement. We report a case wherein the thermal and ultrasound images of the hand are compared and evaluated for inflammatory activity in patients with RA. Case: US imaging of the left hand of a 75-year-old woman with RA revealed a hypoechoic lesion of the left wrist joint. PDUS and SMI evaluated blood flow according to the blood flow at Grade 2. The temperature of the hypoechoic lesion with high blood flow was higher than that of the same location on the opposite side. This study shows that combining thermal and blood flow images may be useful for detecting inflammatory activity levels in RA patients.
Awareness, attitude, and practice of materiovigilance among medical professionals at a tertiary care institute of national importance
Authors: Meher Bikash Ranjan , Padhy Biswa Mohan , Srinivasan Anand , Mohanty Rashmi Ranjan
Published: January 2021

Background:

Medical faculty and residents have a key role in the reporting of adverse events associated with medical devices. However, at present, there are no published data regarding their knowledge, attitude, and practice about materiovigilance in India.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey done among medical faculty and residents of a tertiary care institution of national importance. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions pertaining to knowledge, attitude, and practice of materiovigilance.

Results:

The questionnaire was administered to 138 medical faculty and residents, out of which 105 responded constituting a 76% response rate. The mean knowledge score of medical faculty and residents was 2.09 ± 1.06 and 2.07 ± 1.02, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.9). The majority of the participants (92.63%) believed that medical device can cause adverse events; however, very few of them (20.13%) have reported it during their practice.

Conclusion:

Requisite knowledge and appropriate attitude are essential for developing healthy practice toward reporting of adverse events associated with medical devices. Our study revealed that the knowledge gap exists among medical professionals about the reporting of adverse events and the materiovigilance program. A continuous effort is required to make them aware of the materiovigilance by conducting various training programs such as continuous medical education and workshops by the coordinators of the medical device adverse events monitoring center.
Exceptional directions for the Teichmüller geodesic flow and Hausdorff dimension
Authors: Al-Saqban Hamid , Apisa Paul , Erchenko Alena , Khalil Osama , Mirzadeh Shahriar , Uyanik Caglar
Published: January 2021

We prove that for every flat surface

\omega

, the Hausdorff dimension of the set of directions in which Teichmüller geodesics starting from

\omega

exhibit a definite amount of deviation from the correct limit in Birkhoff’s and Oseledets’ theorems is strictly less than 1. This theorem extends a result by Chaika and Eskin who proved that such sets have measure 0. We also prove that the Hausdorff dimension of the directions in which Teichmüller geodesics diverge on average in a stratum is bounded above by 1/2, strengthening a classical result due to Masur. Moreover, we show that the Hausdorff codimension of the set of non-weakly-mixing IETs with permutation

(d, d-1,\ldots,1)

, where

d \geq 5

is an odd number, is at least 1/2, thus strengthening a result by Avila and Leguil. Combined with a recent result of Chaika and Masur, this shows that the Hausdorff dimension of this set is exactly 1/2.
Miejsce i znaczenie AOTMiT w polskim systemie ochrony zdrowia
Authors: Lipińska Aneta , Nawrocki Tomasz , Patyna Monika , Płusa Aneta , Pomorski Maciej , Ziębińska Anna
Published: January 2021

Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System in health care system in Poland The Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System is national institution supervised by Minister of Health and funded by government. Agency is an advisory body in the reimbursement process. Agency has an impact on content of benefit basket, not only by evaluating new technologies but also re-evaluating benefit basket. Main goal of Agency is to provide patients access to the most effective and safe technologies. The most important Agency statements concern medical technologies and its modifications, qualification, removal in reference to guaranteed medical services. The Minister of Health, taking decisions about which health technology should be financed by public found, takes into account: recommendations and opinions of President of Agency, opinions and statements of the Transparency Council and the Council for Tariffs Affairs. The Agency’s task is also: setting tariffs for health care services; evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines prepared by medical societies; preparing opinions about national and local government health care programs.
ACCIONES PARA LA PREPARACIÓN EN COCINA TRADICIONAL CUBANA EN INSTALACIONES TURÍSTICAS
Authors: Nápoles-Abreu Osvaldo , Abascal-Obregón Pilar Elena , Mustelier-Casola Daimara , Crespo-Zafra Lourdes Mariana
Published: January 2021

El acelerado desarrollo del turismo en la actualidad, demanda recursos humanos altamente preparados para responder a las exigencias de los clientes. Estudios recientes en instalaciones turísticas cubanas han identificado insatisfacciones de los clientes en cuanto a calidad de las elaboraciones culinarias; asociadas a los niveles de preparación del personal de cocina. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo mostrar los principales resultados en la implementación de acciones para la preparación en cocina tradicional cubana de los especialistas culinarios del Hotel Colonial Cayo Coco, de la provincia de Ciego de Ávila. El trabajo se estructuró en cuatro etapas, empleándose como métodos de investigación: el análisis documental, la observación directa y participativa y la entrevista. La propuesta de acciones de preparación se elaboró tomando en cuenta las deficiencias de los especialistas culinarios, reflejadas en las insatisfacciones de los clientes. Estas acciones fueron validadas por criterio de expertos previamente seleccionados mediante el método Delphi. La implementación de las acciones de preparación contribuyó al incremento cognoscitivo de los especialistas culinarios en temáticas de cocina tradicional cubana y al aumento de la satisfacción de los clientes del Hotel Colonial Cayo Coco, lo cual constituye un instrumento factible para la gestión de la calidad de los servicios de alimentación en instalaciones turísticas del país.

Palabras clave: cocina tradicional cubana; preparación profesional; turismo.
Wearable Fall Detector for Elderly People
Authors: T Meeradevi , Ramesh Swethika , V Vikash Kumar , Subhiksa Sherli , Rajhan Visnu
Published: January 2021

Now a days, most of the elderly person live in home alone. In their day to day living, some activities likely to have some accidents, such as fall. If the fall is unobserved for a longer period, it may lead to severe health trauma or even leads to death. According to the insights announced in National Safety Council, they are the subsequent driving reason for unexpected passing assessing 424000 passing worldwide. The objective of this paper is to develop a device that detects the fall event of the elderly person and intimate to the family members about the event. A call will be made automatically to the contact number provided in the fall detector application installed in the smart phone. It can accompany elderly people both indoors and outdoors in contrast to ambient devices. Computation of this method is simple and it is possible to implement in small size, so it can be easily carried by the elderly people. It can be afforded by
IOT Based Smart Home-Grown Scheme Using Bluetooth
Authors: M D Saranya , V Sakthi Priya , G Pradeepkumar , Ponnusamy Dineshkumar
Published: January 2021

- In today’s situation involuntary classifications remain existence favoured over physical system. Home automation is playing significant part in humanoid lifespan. The paper is used intended for nursing and controlling the home-grown utilizations via World Wide Web which container interconnect through home automation system through an Internet entry, by means of announcement conventions. Home automation scheme uses the hand-held or vesture diplomacies as a user boundary. This paper goals at supervisory household utilizations via Smartphone using Bluetooth as announcement etiquette and interfaced with Arduino Board. It assimilates Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor, Temperature sensor, gas sensor, Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor. At this time PIR sensor and Temperature sensors remained used for controlling the spotlight and fan. The statement through attendant permits the operator to excellent the fitting device. In the proposed organization an android app was developed to access the system wherever via Internet of things. The gas device used to designate the absorption of gas in the air. Buzzer attentive is given to warm others neighbouring home and also the possessor through internet via the smart receiver. The LDR is used to switch garden spotlight. This project provides a low cost and competent Homegrown Computerization System.
Certain Investigation on the Challenges and Prospects of Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: V Vignesh , J Arokia Mary Celsia , N Indumathy , A Harida
Published: January 2021

IoT means Internet of Things. The Internet of Things is more than a catchphrase; IoT means a classification that is impact how humans interact with equipment, and how human beings deport yourself. The meaning of IoT means linking systems and devices that, until now, haven’t been connected. In general, IoT is also referred as digital intelligence or dumb things. Let us consider an example, an owner of a house lock or unlock their door from a phone through a smart home security system using IoT, and they can adjust their home temperature or operate a security camera to see who is knocking at their door. Based on IoT, business applications were developed. Smart cars are based on the concepts of IoT, traffic has been controlled and adjust and also it is informed to humans regarding the fastest and shortest route. Rapid changes in the interaction between human and the machine.
Evolutionary Algorithm On Cold Metal Transfer Process For Feature Extraction
Authors: G Dhivyasri , M Manikandan , Reddy Dhamodhar , Babu Chella , K Vinoth Kumar , P Koushik
Published: January 2021

In order to achieve the desired bead geometry in a welding operation it is of prime importance to select suitable process parameters. In this research, pulsed MIG welding of 316L austenitic stainless steel is perforated and its bead geometry is studied, such as penetration depth bead width and height of reinforcement. The optimization approach based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is implemented to ensure the optimal combination of process variables and bead geometry. Regression model are initially generated by using experimental data. GA is then generated to optimize the parameters of the method and bead geometry parameters by minimizing the objective function based on the least square error. Pulsed MIG welded parameters was experimentally tested by microscopic analysis and EDAX analysis for three sample sets. The finding suggest that expected and experimental values are close in agreement. Finally, the effect of the welding current on the elemental composition is seen. The research shows that in the GA based method, the rate of convergence is faster.
The DICOM CT Image Compression Based On Enhanced Lossless Prediction And Multilevel Thresholding Based Hybrid Cuckoo Search With Hill Climbing (CS-HC) Algorithm Based Segmentation
Authors: L Murugan , R Mothi , D Vasudevan , T Venkatesh , M Supriya
Published: January 2021

In computer vision applications, image segmentation is a common image processing step. It is used to separate pixels into different groups. The rise in the threshold count would hinder the segmentation phase of images. At the same time, in the field of threshold implementation in the image, it becomes an NT concern. This thesis suggests a multilevel threshold based on optimization techniques to remove ROI and uses enhanced lossless prediction algorithm to compress DICOM images in telemedicine applications. The hybrid Cuckoo search with hill climbing (CS-HC) algorithm strengthens the process used by the search agent to update the optimal solution. This algorithm calculates the threshold value. The superior results are produced by the proposed multilevel level thresholding based on CS-HC, as seen by the simulation results. Optimization is efficient and it has a high degree of convergence. Effective results are provided by the proposed lossless compression algorithm based on classification and blending estimation as compared with JPEG lossless and lossy compression techniques. With various threshold values, the algorithm 's efficiency is checked. To apply this algorithm, Matlab2010a is used and DICOM photos are used to validate it.
An Automated Internal Navigation System for the Removal of Fibre Fly in Knitting Industry
Authors: P Sivaranjani , S Maheswaran , N Savitha sri , K V Santhosh , M Yaswanth
Published: January 2021

Knitting industry is one of the flourishing business in India in recent times. This knitting industry provides huge collection of knitted fabrics in different forms and styles. Apart from the fabrics they also provide employment to lot of people. A drastic problem in this industry is the fibre fly generation. These fibre fly are generated in the knitting machine from cotton yarns in different zones of the knitting machine which may be due to friction, yarn breakage and bending of yarns at the needles, sinkers, guides and other regions. They may also be produced due to rotational movement of yarn in the cone unwinding and guiding zone, vibrations during the movement of yarns and friction occurring due to interaction between yarns. At present these fibre fly are removed by using large blowers in large scale industry. These blowers are not affordable in small scale industries due to the cost of blower, power consumption after installation, etc... People exposed to these fibre fly may suffer from serious diseases which may have acute and chronic symptoms. This is a serious problem which can be overcomed by using the dust (fibre fly) collector. It can be used by all types of knitting industry and also removes maximum dust produced. This paper is about the dust collector in knitting Industry. This paper briefly discusses about the technique used in the fibre fly collector for removing the dust in knitting industry and how to avoid the risk of air pollution and effect of fibre fly.
Renewable Energy Based System Using IoT
Authors: C Visvesvaran , K Siddharthraju , M Durgashree , J Janani , G Indhumathi , JS Kaavya
Published: January 2021

Bridge safety monitoring system based on IOT this is a wireless technology. In this system we can install the monitoring devices in the bridge. This monitoring device helps to connect the communication devices to a cloud-based server. we use cloud-based server here because it helps to calculates and analyses the data which sent to monitor. Bridge monitoring system can monitor, analyse bridge conditions and their environment and also detect the nearby water levels, vibration and other safety features. Through the telecommunication devices information obtained is transferred to user. In our cities many of the bridges are built on the river that can be reduced their lifetime has expired but it’s still in use.
articles/v6n12/bed/ijaar-sms-v6n12-dec20-p13.pdf
Authors: Obasse Victor , Onuoha Chima
Published: January 2021

This study is an empirical inquiry into the impact of Direct Foreign Investment (DFI) of other countries into the manufacturing sector in River State, Nigeria. It would lead to a better understanding of the economic mechanism and the behavior of economic agents, both at micro and macro cadre allowing the opening of new areas of study in economic growths. This study would also look through the advantages and disadvantages which foreign direct investment has on Nigeria economy, thereby, reveal if there is a correlation between the direct foreign investment and the Nigerian economy. As a cross section survey, data for this study was generated using well and articulately structured survey from 50 respondents across 10 manufacturing firms in Rivers State. A total of three hypotheses were proposed with analysis revealing the relationship between direct foreign investments and manufacturing sector, it was revealed that direct foreign investment had a positive and significant relationship with manufacturing sector. The researcher believes that if appropriate actions are taken and necessary structures erected, the Nigerian manufacturing sector will be a healthier place to access the benefits that foreign direct investment conveys. This will lead to growth in Nigeria manufacturing sector. It was revealed that in spite of the acknowledged remuneration foreign direct investment conveys. It is nonetheless, criticized on grounds, of the defective activities that foreign investors indulge in. In conclusion, the study showed that the expansion of the manufacturing sector and direct foreign investment in Nigeria is based on a number of problems which may be reason for the positive but insignificant impact on DFI when the variables was regressed against manufacturing sector. It was at that point recommended that, Government needs to do a few needful in order to motivate foreign investors, this is by providing good and right social infrastructure and also a pool of relevant workforce, a safe working environment against militancy and a potentially strong market for their product and services can be sold.
Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome: prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and literature review
Authors: Jimah Bashiru B , Mensah Teresa A , Ulzen-Appiah Kofi , Sarkodie Benjamin D , Gwira-Tamattey Edwin , Anim Dorothea A
Published: January 2021

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare congenital anomaly involving the upper airways (trachea, larynx). It is a life-threatening condition whose true incidence is unknown. The obstruction may be due to tracheal/laryngeal atresia, stenosis, or the presence of a mass lesion. Prognosis is poor, generally resulting in stillbirth or intrauterine fetal demise. Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) is possible if the condition is detected early. We present a case of CHAOS diagnosed during a second-trimester anomaly scan with postmortem confirmation and literature review.
Influence of perceived social support on depression among Type 2 diabetes patients: a concurrent cross-sectional mixed-method study
Authors: Ekem-Ferguson George , Tetteh John , Udofia Emilia A , Doku Alfred , Swaray Swithin M , Mohammed Sheriff , Yawson Alfred E
Published: January 2021

Background: There is an established relationship between the concept of social support (SS) and depression among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, however, the magnitude, direction, and outcomes of the relationship are not well established in Ghana.
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the factors influencing social support and further quantify its association with depression among Type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: Three hundred and seven adults diagnosed with T2DM were sampled from four public healthcare facilities in Ghana. Ten respondents from the sample were further selected for in-depth interviews using the convenience sampling technique. A modified negative binomial model was used to determine significant factors influencing SS scores, while the influence of SS on scores for depression was assessed using a modified generalized negative binomial model. All analyses were performed using Stata 15. The qualitative arm of the study was also analyzed using thematic inductive analyses.
Results: Overall, the mean[ ±standard deviation (SD)]of SS scores among participants was 46.24(±20.57), while SS domains had mean(±SD) values of 17.69(±9.23), 11.57(±8.93),and 16.97(±9.88) respectively for family support, friends support and significant others. The SS equality of variance test indicated a significant mean difference by sex, educational background, and self-reported income differentials[F-test=6.46, 6.64,and 4.23 respectively; p<0.05]. A unit increase in SS score had a significant negative relationship with depression across all domains. For the focus model, social support significantly decreased the log count score by 0.002 {β[95%confidence interval (CI)]= -0.002(-0.002-0.000). A unit increase of SS significantly decreased the probability count of depression. Themes from the qualitative data also revealed that participants received SS from family and significant others, but not from friends. Support received from family included emotional support and financial aid.
Conclusion: Among T2DM patients with depression, SS had a significant decremental association that could contribute to improved health outcomes. Sex, marital status, educational level, working status, and self-rated income level influenced the SS. We recommend routine screening for psychological symptoms and the involvement of psychologists and counselors in T2DM patient management.
MOOREN’S ULCER
Authors:   Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Surjani Lylys
Published: January 2021

Mooren's ulcer is chronic ulcerative keratitis that is generally painful, progressive starting peripherally and progressing in a circular and centralized manner, either unilateral or bilateral without scleritis and without systemic disease. Mooren's ulcer mostly idiopathic. Mooren's ulcer was divided into three type which is unilateral, bilateral progressive and bilateral indolent. Initial treatment for Mooren's ulcer consists of topical corticosteroids. If corticosteroids do not control inflammation, excision of the limbal conjunctiva can be performed. This case report describes the diagnosis and management of a case of mooren's ulcer without an obvious cause. This topic is important to discuss and requires prompt and adequate management because one of the complications is perforation which can lead to blindness.
A Clinical Study of Hypothyroidism Associated With Type – 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ajmera Prakash , P Sailaja  , P Raghu Ramulu
Published: January 2021

Background: Thyroid disorders are common in the general population and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also rapidly increasing day by day. The objective is to determine the age and sex prevalence, pattern of presentation and management of patients suffering from hypothyroidism associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods: Design: The study was an observational study of 20 types    2 diabetics attending the Department of Medicine (outpatient/inpatient). Duration: 1 year i.e. from December 2004 – December 2005. Setting: Out-patient department. Participants:20 patients with both Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and Hypothyroidism. Patients with known diabetes attending OPD were considered. Data were collected using a standardized case report form. Results: The majority of the patients had got diagnosed with hypothyroidism and diabetes within a span of 0 to 5 years, followed by 6 to 9 years span with 4 patients and 3 patients within the span of 10 to 14 years and 2 patients in the span of 15 to 19 years. Only 1 patient was diagnosed with both in a span of 20- to 24 years and one patient in 25 to 29 years. Conclusion: Annual Screening is mandatory in all hypothyroid patients for the early detection and treatment of diabetes mellitus, thereby to prevent and/or postpone the complications of diabetes, and all diabetes mellitus patients to undergo thyroid function screening (TFT) yearly for the early detection of thyroid dysfunction and thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality.
Assessment of Inﬂammatory Markers IL- 6 and TNF- Alpha in Newly Diagnosed Type II Diabetics without Hypertension in Comparison with Non-Diabetic Normotensive Subjects
Authors: Jain Manoj Kumar , Jain Gunjan
Published: January 2021

Background: The present study was conducted to assess inflammatory markers IL- 6 and TNF- alpha in newly diagnosed type II diabetics without hypertension. Subjects and Methods: 68 types of II diabetes mellitus patients and equal numbers of normotensive non-diabetic subjects were also recruited. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, TNF- alpha and IL- 6 were determined.  Results: The mean IL- 6 level in group       I was 17.4 pg/ml and in group II was 4.2 pg/ml. TNF- alpha level in group I was 35.8 pg/ml and in group II was 12.5 pg/ml. The difference  was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: TNF- alpha and IL- 6 level was higher among diabetic patients as compared to healthy normotensive non-diabetic subjects.
A Rare Case: Gall Stone Induced Acute Pancreatitis with Normal Amylase and Lipase Levels
Authors: Mukherjee Arindam , Madhav Govind , Tadha Ajay
Published: January 2021

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is most commonly diagnosed by increased values of serum amylase and lipase. Acute pancreatitis where value of serum amylase and lipase is normal is very rare. This is a case of gall stone induced AP where levels of serum amylase and lipase are normal but the clinical suspicion and imaging are strongly confirming pancreatitis.
Iron Deﬁciency Anemia as a Risk Factor for First Febrile Seizures a Case Control Study
Authors: V. Ramgopal Rao  , P. Anil Kumar
Published: January 2021

Background: Febrile seizures in children are a common problem. Iron deficiency anaemia is known, among other contributing factors, to be an aggravating factor in febrile seizures. Iron deficiency anaemia is a condition that can be avoided and managed. The study goal was to identify iron deficiency anaemia as a trigger factor for febrile seizures (FS). To determine the association between Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) and the first episode of febrile seizures (FFS). Subjects and Methods: Investigation like hemoglobin, blood indices (MCV, MCH), and serum iron and serum ferritin are done for detection of iron deficiency anaemia and their relationship with the first episode of febrile seizure was observed. Results: In our study comprising 50 cases and 50 controls, 58% (29) of cases were diagnosed as IDA with FS, 18% (9) of controls were diagnosed as IDA with Febrile Illness (FI). This suggests IDA as a risk factor for febrile seizures with a significant P value of <0.001. Among 50 cases 42% (21) cases have FS without IDA and among 50 controls 82% (41) controls have FI without IDA were present in the current study. Conclusion: IDA was more common in children with FS than in those with febrile illness (FI) disease alone. The result suggests that the IDA can be a contributing factor to the FFS. Screening of IDA of children with FFS should be regarded. Fever can worsen the negative effects of anaemia or iron deficiency on the brain, which can lead to seizures.
Carbapenems: A Short Review about their Current Status
Authors:   Nishtar Medical University and Hospital, Multan 60000, Pakistan, Zahra Syeda Warda
Published: January 2021

In this review, we summarize the current “state of the art” of carbapenem antibiotics and their role in our antimicrobial armamentarium. Among the beta-lactams currently available, carbapenems are unique because they are relatively resistant to hydrolysis by most beta-lactamases. Herein, we described the cost effectiveness, safety, and advantages of carbapenems as compared to other antibiotics. We also highlight important features of the carbapenems that are presently in clinical use: imipenem-cilastatin, meropenem, ertapenem, doripenem, panipenem-betamipron, and biapenem. In closing, we emphasize some major challenges related to oral formulatuion of carbapenems and different strategies to overcome these challenges.
Characterization and Classification of Geotechnical Index Properties of Shallow Soil Deposits at Oworoshoki Area, Kosofe Local Government, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors:   Sokoto Energy Research Centre, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, Peni I.T.
Published: January 2021

The study of geotechnical index properties of soils in Oworoshoki, Kosofe, Lagos State was conducted to characterize and classify the index properties of soil samples. Disturbed and undisturbed soils were collected at different shallow depths (1m, 2m and 3m) from the study area and laboratory test was conducted. The laboratory test conducted includes natural moisture content, atterberg limits (liquid limit and plastic limit), particle size distribution, specific gravity, unit weight and hydrometer. The results of the test were gotten: natural moisture content as 23.5%, 24.5% and 25.3% , liquid limits (LL) 28.68%, 26.64% and 29.10%, Oworoshoki is non-plastic for the three depths i.e. plastic limit (PL) is 0, particle size distribution percentage passing through BS #200 (0.075mm) are 95.97 %, 97.97%, 98.10% and this shows that the soil sample contain much silt, the samples are non-plastic for all depths (1m, 2m and 3m), specific gravity as 2.61, 2.55 and 2.60, unit weight as 17.5 KN/m3, 18.1kn/m3 and 18.9KN/m3 and hydrometer percentage passing through BS #200 (0.075mm) as 95.97% at 1.0m depth, 97.97% at 2.0m depth and 98.10% at 3.0m depth. Hydrometer test was conducted because 95.97% passes sieve 0.075mm.This shows that the soil contain high amount of silt. Soils from depth 1.0m, 2.0m and 3.0m are non-plastic (NP) because the Plastic Index (PI=0) and the soil samples are classified as A – 3 according to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) System.
Hubungan antara Amalan Kemahiran 4C dan Pencapaian Sejarah
Authors: Kaviza M.
Published: January 2021

Kajian berbentuk korelasi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sama ada terdapat hubungan antara amalan kemahiran 4C iaitu kemahiran komunikasi, kemahiran pemikiran kritis, kemahiran kreativiti dan kemahiran kolaborasi dengan pencapaian sejarah. Seramai 60 orang murid Tingkatan Empat yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik persampelan rawak mudah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Instrumen kajian ini merupakan soal selidik dan ujian pencapaian. Data kajian ini dianalisis secara statistik inferensi iaitu ujian Korelasi Pearson dan ujian Regresi Pelbagai melalui perisian IBM SPSS. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan linear positif yang sederhana tinggi secara signifikan antara min amalan kemahiran 4C dan pencapaian sejarah. Selain itu, dapatan kajian ini juga telah menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan linear positif yang sederhana tinggi secara signifikan antara min amalan kemahiran komunikasi, kemahiran pemikiran kritis, kemahiran kreativiti dan kemahiran kolaborasi dan pencapaian sejarah. Tambahan pula, amalan kemahiran komunikasi, kemahiran pemikiran kritis, kemahiran kreativiti dan kemahiran kolaborasi dilaporkan merupakan pemboleh ubah peramal dan telah menyumbang sebanyak 22 peratus varians terhadap pencapaian sejarah dalam kajian ini. Implikasi kajian ini telah memaparkan sumber maklumat kepada para guru untuk melaksanakan pengajaran dan pembelajaran sejarah dengan menerapkan amalan kemahiran 4C secara berkesan kerana didapati mempengaruhi peningkatan pencapaian sejarah.
Persepsi Guru terhadap Penerapan Kemahiran Pemikiran Sejarah dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Sumber
Authors: Kaviza M.
Published: January 2021

Kajian secara deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti persepsi guru terhadap penerapan kemahiran pemikiran sejarah dan kelima-lima konstruk iaitu kemahiran memahami kronologi, kemahiran meneroka bukti, kemahiran membuat interpretasi, kemahiran membuat imaginasi dan kemahiran membuat rasionalisasi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran berasaskan sumber. Empat orang guru sejarah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Soal selidik merupakan instrumen kajian ini. Data kajian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif iaitu min dan sisihan piawai. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tahap persepsi guru terhadap penerapan kemahiran pemikiran sejarah dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran berasaskan sumber berada pada tahap tinggi. Tambahan pula, kelima-lima konstruk dalam kemahiran pemikiran sejarah juga berada pada tahap tinggi dalam kalangan guru dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini telah menyediakan sumber maklumat kepada para guru sejarah untuk menerapkan kemahiran pemikiran sejarah yang berkesan dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran.
An Autopsy Study of Cases of Deaths Due to Drowning with Special References to Middle Ear Haemorrhage and Spleen Findings
Authors: Dass Gitanjali , Sharma Vrishty , Pandoh Nakul
Published: January 2021

This paper presents an autopsy study of cases of deaths due to drowning with special references to middle ear haemorrhage and spleen findings.
WOORD VAN DE REDACTIE
Authors: Gyselaers W.
Published: January 2021

Europa, het Verenigd Koninkrijk en Vlaanderen
LA OTRA PANDEMIA: VIOLACIÓN DE LA LIBERTAD SEXUAL DE MENORES EN UN CONTEXTO INTRA FAMILIAR, ANÁLISIS CRIMINOLÓGICO ANTE EL INCREMENTO DE CASOS DURANTE EL CONFINAMIENTO POR EL COVID-19
Authors: Espinoza Rocha Frank Michael , Velasco Vega Vanesa Valeria , Acero Leon Eddy
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar desde el enfoque criminológico la otro pandemia que no tiene la suficiente atención y preocupación por parte del estado y la ciudadanía, la violencia de la libertad sexual contra menores, en nuestro contexto de la pandemia por el virus Covid-19 para lo cual acudimos a fuentes estadísticas, conceptuales, doctrinales ,además de un análisis criminológico crítico, lo que nos permitió primero contextualizar cual era la situación en nuestro país  antes de la pandemia y durante la pandemia, analizar el actuar de nuestro Estado a través de instituciones como el Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables , programas como el centro de ayuda mujer y  las ahora implementados instrumentos línea 100 y 1801 , para así poder concluir cuales son las teorías criminológicas de la conducta criminal que establece los factores criminológicos por los que se presentaba este acto delictivo y por los que se incrementó durante el confinamiento.
Evaluation of Antihyperlipidaemic and Antioxidant Activity of Astercantha longifolia (Linn.) Nees and Pergularia daemia (Forsskal) Chiov
Authors: Pushpa Rani T. P. Kumari , Doss A. , Anand S. P.
Published: January 2021

Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant and antihyperlipidaemic effect of methanol extracts of Asteracantha longifolia and Pergularia daemia leaf in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Swiss albino rats were made diabetic by a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg i.p.). Blood glucose levels and body weights of rats were measured using on weekly intervals i.e day 0,7,14 and 21 after daily administration of both extracts at dose 200 mg/kg bw. Other biochemical parameters such as serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, phospholipids and serum protein, albumin, globulin levels were also measured at the end of study. The antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD & GSH) were also measured in the diabetic rats. Results: In the acute toxicity study, methanol extract of both plants were non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg in rats. The increased body weight, decreased blood glucose and other biochemical parameters level were observed in diabetic rats treated with methanol extracts of both plants compared to diabetic control rats. The antioxidant activity of both plant extracts were also exhibited significant activity. In diabetic rats, methanol extract of both plants administration, altered lipid profiles were reversed to near normal than diabetic control rats. Conclusions: Methanol extract of both plants (Asteracantha longifolia and Pergularia daemia) leaf possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidaemic activity in diabetic rats.
Tecnologías empleadas en la evaluación de pavimentos e impacto que han generado
Authors: CASTRO CHUYO LEYDY DIANA KAROLIN , MUÑOZ PÉREZ SÓCRATES , PAUCAR AGUILAR JIMY JARLEY , RAMIREZ SILVA ROSA VANESSA
Published: January 2021

Los Pavimentos son una de las principales obras que ayudan al desarrollo de los países, teniendo en cuenta un buen rendimiento de soporte y permitan la transitividad de vehículos sin sufrir grandes daños. Por ello los diferentes métodos empleados para la evaluación de estos como el estudio de fallas y desempeño de los pavimentos, permite dar recomendaciones adecuadas para su mantenimiento. El estudio de los diferentes métodos de evaluación tradicionales como el IRI, PCI, SDI, entre otros, con la incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías nos permite definir los métodos más idóneos y de bajo costo para la evaluación de las vías, teniendo como objetivo conocer los diferentes métodos de evaluación de pavimentos que permitan conocer las típicas fallas de estos y tiempo de vida útil, dando un debido mantenimiento en el tiempo que estas lo requieran; por lo que es importante definir cuáles son los métodos y tecnologías aplicados a estos que podremos utilizar para una determinada zona o región, ya que cada lugar es diferente y se requieren utilizar métodos sencillos, seguros y económicos, que permitan determinar la alternativa de mantenimiento o rehabilitación adecuada, dando resultados óptimos y previniendo la afectación de las carreteras.
The Environmental Pollution and Control- Solution in Sponge Iron Industries
Authors: Moharana Himanshu S. , Mohanty Bipin B.
Published: January 2021

It is normally assessed that a Country’s economy is directly proportional to the use of steel that the country is having. This is true and at the same time, some adverse situations are also caused due to such industrialization. In an Indian economy, it is advisable to open more and more industry sectors rather to seize them down. Motivation from governmental as well as nongovernmental agencies would be more effective to keep a sound mind towards the environmental assessments which is the call of the day the whole globe around. We have got much concern and responsibility to combat the climate change which has become a drastic phenomenon for rest of our lives as well as our ancestors. The paper discusses about the sponge iron industries and various methods to help support the environmental issues. It focuses how the environmental system related to the sponge iron industries in the country would help to build a green globe around in near future without affecting the economy of the country.
EFFECT OF SPOT WELD POSITION VARIATION ON QUALITY OF AUTOMOBILE SHEET METAL PARTS
Authors: MALI M.P. , INAMDAR K.H.
Published: January 2021

Resistance spot welding is the most preferred and widely used method for joining metal sheets in automotive and many other industrial assembly operations. The body of a car is typically joined by thousands of spot welds. One of the many geometrical factors affecting the final geometrical outcome of the metal part assemblies is the welding process considering welding sequence used when the parts are welded together. The spot welds guarantee the strength of the car, but their positions also affect the geometrical quality of subassemblies and the final product. In practice, the positions of the weld points often deviate from nominal position. By analyzing industrial scanning data, deviations of spot weld positions are found to be of magnitudes up to 19 mm. In this paper, the influence of variation in position of spot welds is investigated with respect to geometrical quality, by simulating and analyzing the geometrical variation of an A-pillar assembly.
SURFACE ROUGHNESS ANALYSIS IN DRILLING OF GFRP COMPOSITES BY TUNGSTEN CARBIDE TOOL
Authors: RAMESH B. , ELAYAPERUMAL A. , MADHAV S. , SHARAN S. JOSEPH CYRIL
Published: January 2021

Nonlaminated composites having superior mechanical properties than laminated composites is widely used in ballistic applications. Since literature on the machinability of nonlaminated composites is scarce, an investigation was carried out to study the hole quality in drilling thick nonlaminated Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) composite rods using coated tungsten carbide twist drill. The GFRP composite rods were made by pultrusion method with high fiber weight fraction. The surface roughness of the drilled holes was measured using surface roughness tester. Taguchi’s orthogonal array and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to study the influence of process parameters such as feed and spindle speed on surface roughness. The optimum level of process parameters towards minimum surface roughness of the drilled hole walls was obtained to achieve defect controlled drilling of pultruded GFRP composite rods. Correlation for surface roughness with process parameters was established using a statistical software MINITAB 16. The influence of feed and speed on surface roughness was insignificant. The optimal process parameter levels within the range examined was identified as 0.15 mm/rev feed and 750 rpm speed for drilling pultruded GFRP composite rods using 10 mm diameter twist drill. The influence of process parameters on hole quality in nonlaminated composite rods differs with drill geometry and also differs from the influence of process parameters on hole quality in laminated composites.
USAGE OF TUMBLER GEAR MECHANISM IN FOUR WHEEL STEERING
Authors: RAJ T.SARAN
Published: January 2021

Maneuverability is been one of the key things which people look for in their automobiles. This lead to the implementation of “Four wheel Steering “in vehicles. Four wheel steering is a system that allows the rear wheels to turn, rather than just following the front wheel. It is a system with two phases, a negative phase for slow speeds and a positive phase for the high speeds. Turning the rear wheels in the opposite direction to the front is the negative phases, which enhances faster maneuvering and a much tighter turning radius. Turning the rear wheels in the same direction as those at the front is the positive phase, which enhances sudden lane changes with much greater stability At present, there are three mechanisms used for steering the rear wheel. They are mechanical (using hypocycloidal gear set up), hydraulic and electrohydraulic. The reason for the system not being implemented in the commercial vehicle was its expensive nature. To overcome the above statement, a study was made on four wheel steering using tumbler gear mechanism. The result shows the decrease in the cost of implementation of the system and turning radius compared to two wheel steering respectively.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TWO PHASE INTERLEAVED DC-DC BOOST CONVERTER WITH DIGITAL PID CONTROLLER
Authors: SWAMY H. M. MALLIKARJUNA , GURUSWAMY K. P. , SINGH S. P.
Published: January 2021

DC-DC converters are widely used in Industrial, Commercial and Non Renewable energy applications and also especially in Switch Mode Power Supplies. The two phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter (IBC) for low input voltage applications is designed and implemented with digital controller. The interleaved concept is used to meet the increased demands and also a low current ripple in source current due to this reducing the size of the filter component in input and output. Using interleaving concept can reduces stress on the devices, increases in efficiency, faster dynamics, light weight, compactness and higher power density. The digital controller was designed and implemented by using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The proto type model.