bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
It should not hurt to be a child: A Case Report
Authors: Gupta Apoorva , Shankar V. Naveen , Ravindra S. V.
Published: December 2016

As custodians of children’s hopes and aspirations, we must accept the responsibility for creating an environment that will help children thrive. Child abuse is a major public health problem all over the world. It can be in the form of physical, sexual, emotional or just neglect in providing for the child’s needs. These factors can leave the child with serious, long-lasting psychological damage. Violence against children, including corporal punishment, is a violation of the rights of the child. It conflicts with the child’s human dignity and the right of the child to physical integrity. As most of the abuse injuries occur in the head and neck, dentists can easily diagnose them and as health care professionals, it is our duty to detect such abuses at an early stage to prevent further harm to the child and counseling of the abusive caretaker. The management of child abuse can be complicated, and often require a multidisciplinary approach, encompass professionals who will identify the cause of the abuse or neglect, treatment of the immediate problems and referral of the child to the relevant child protection authority for action. The involvement of dentists in child protection teams would be beneficial in two ways, dentists would become aware of their role and would assist in the training of physicians and other professionals.
Definição dos pontos de contorno da linha de preamar máxima e vulnerabilidade à erosão marinha do município de Goiana-PE.
Authors: Madruga Marcelo Menezes Diniz , Manso Valdir do Amaral Vaz , Madruga Filho José Diniz
Published: December 2016

Esta pesquisa foi realizada no munícipio de Goiana, litoral Norte do Estado de Pernambuco, entre as praias de Ponta do Funil e Carne de Vaca. O trabalho teve como objetivo delimitar a linha de preamar máxima, substituindo a que foi estabelecida em 1831 e levantar informações sobre o sistema costeiro, com base na vulnerabilidade das praias. Para isso foi realizado um levantamento geodésico, utilizando um receptor geodésico de monofrequência coletando dados em campo, delimitando a zona úmida (linha de deixa), escarpa de berma, linha de vegetação e urbanização (residência, enrocamento e outras construções). A progradação da linha de preamar máxima predominou no litoral norte, a retrogradação na Praia de Ponta do Funil e a permanência da linha de preamar máxima entre as praias de Ponta de Pedras e Ponta do Funil. As áreas mais vulneráveis se encontram na Praia de Catuama e Ponta de Pedras, com o alto índice de urbanização na pós-praia.
Afloramentos calcários e antigas pedreiras no estuário do Rio Paraíba do Norte – PB
Authors: Lavor Larissa Fernandes de , Araújo Magno Erasto de
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho aborda aspectos relacionados aos afloramentos de calcários e às pedreiras existentes nos arredores do estuário do rio Paraíba do Norte, localizado na porção setentrional da Bacia Sedimentar da Paraíba. O objetivo desta pesquisa é localizar e descrever tais afloramentos e pedreiras existentes ao longo do estuário. A partir de levantamentos cartográficos, interpretação de imagens orbitais, observação e coletas de dados em campo e da integração e interpretação das informações obtidas por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, foi possível mapear os afloramentos de calcário da área analisada. Trabalhos anteriores, inclusive documentos históricos relacionados ao processo de uso e ocupação do solo do litoral paraibano, já referenciaram muitos desses afloramentos. Porém, nunca apresentaram suas localizações com precisão, à exceção daquelas localizadas na porção oeste do município de João Pessoa. Dentre os inúmeros afloramentos de rochas calcárias existentes na área de estudo, sete se destacam em termos de relevância histórica e como área ainda ativa de exploração minerária, que são: as pedreiras próximas ao Distrito Mecânico, a pedreira do Roger/Mandacaru, a antiga pedreira que ocupava as áreas por trás do Convento Santo Antônio, a pedreira da ilha do Tiriri, a pedreira da ilha do Marquês, a pedreira da Ribeira e a pedreira do rio Estiva.
Análise qualitativa das águas subterrâneas de Fortaleza, Ceará
Authors: Gomes Maria da Conceição Rabelo , Cavalcante Itabaraci Nazareno , Silva Mariane Pinto da
Published: December 2016

Os recursos hídricos subterrâneos representam uma reserva hídrica inestimável, principalmente em regiões de escassez quantitativa e/ou qualitativa dos recursos hídricos superficiais. A utilização das águas subterrâneas para fins diversos está condicionada a qualidade, desta forma esse trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a situação qualitativa da água subterrânea da cidade de Fortaleza, através de 291 (250 poços) amostras coletadas para análise físico-químicas, em dois períodos distintos: o período chuvoso (57 amostras) e o mês de estiagem (234 amostras). As águas são caracterizadas por águas Cloretadas Sódicas, independente do período de amostragem, resultante da relação rNa>rMg>rCa e rCl>HCO3>rSO4. A concentração de sais nas águas pode ser produzida por diversos fatores, sendo os mais prováveis a dissolução e o processo de evaporação. As concentrações muito baixas dos constituintes em solução são resultantes do material geológico sedimentar, constituída de sedimentos clásticos de origem continental, de composição predominantemente quartzosa, através dos quais a água subterrânea circula, bem como a elevada pluviosidade, característica do clima da área. São águas predominantemente ácidas, provavelmente associadas ao meio geológico e a recarga pluviométrica. A concentração de nitrato cresce no sentido noroeste-norte da área, chegando a ultrapassar em até 47% (setor oeste) o limite máximo recomendado pela Portaria No 2914/2011 do Ministério da Saúde. A contaminação das águas por nitrato na área está ligada principalmente pela dinâmica de uso e ocupação do solo, ausência de um sistema de esgotamento sanitário e a vulnerabilidade característica do aquífero Dunas/Barreiras presente na cidade de Fortaleza.
Caracterização da fauna de foraminíferos bentônicos da plataforma continental de Itamaracá, PE – Brasil
Authors: Araripe Rilda Verônica Cardoso de , Oliveira David Holanda de , Assis Hortência M. B. , Barreto Alcina Magnólia Franca
Published: December 2016

No presente trabalho foram analisadas a distribuição e o padrão de preservação dos foraminíferos bentônicos da plataforma continental interna a média da Ilha de Itamaracá – PE. As amostras foram coletadas pelo Serviço Geológico do Brasil – CPRM através do Projeto GranMar (Granulados marinhos da Plataforma Continental Rasa do Brasil) e cedidas para esse estudo. A microfauna de foraminíferos bentônicos foi analisada em 17 amostras com variação de profundidade entre 10 a 30 m, de cada amostra foi analisada 10 g de sedimento para a identificação do conteúdo biótico. Foram separados e identificados 37 gêneros, sendo 35 bentônicos e dois planctônicos, distribuídos em 74 espécies. As espécies mais frequentes foram Archaias angulatus, Amphistegina lessonii, Quinqueloculina lamarckiana, Peneroplis carinatus, Textularia agglutinans e Triloculina sommeri, ocorrendo em todos os pontos e caracterizando quatro biofácies. As biofácies representam associações faunísticas típicas de Água Tropical/subtropical com hidrodinâmica moderada e baixa turbidez. A presença de espécies como Textularia agglutinans e Globigerinoides ruber indicam o contato de correntes de águas mais frias na Plataforma Continental. A quantidade de material relicto vai diminuindo de acordo com o aumento da profundidade e é possível observar a formação de três grupos: a primeira associação com 84,8% do total de material relicto, a segunda com associação faunística intermediária (relictos e recentes), com 35,3% e a terceira associação com material quase que exclusivamente recente, com apenas 9,6%. A partir disso, foi possível inferir que a grande quantidade de material relicto, principalmente em águas mais rasas (10-15m), reflete a baixa taxa de sedimentação e retrabalhamento do sedimento de fundo, e um indício de que a deposição desse material ocorreu graças a variações do nível relativo do mar no Quaternário. A análise da distribuição dos foraminíferos foi eficiente na caracterização ambiental da plataforma interna da Ilha Itamaracá, constituindo uma boa ferramenta para o estudo e correlação de diferentes biofácies com características abióticas do local.
Clinical study of bowel obstruction in relation to etiological factors
Authors: Chitumalla Pradeep Kumar , Vemulapally Naresh Kumar , Reddy Surya Narayana
Published: December 2016

Background: Acute intestinal obstruction is one of common abdominal emergency and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially if it progresses to bowel ischemia. The aims of this study was to analyse various modes of presentation of acute intestinal obstruction in both children and adult age group, etiopathogenesis, various therapeutic modalities of treatment and to accomplish operative management and anticipate the post operative complications.Methods: 50 consecutive patients of all age groups presenting with acute intestinal obstruction were admitted were taken randomly and managed between October 2013 to September 2015.Out of these 50 cases, 36 were male, 14 were female, patients with subacute intestinal obstruction and patients with paralytic ileus were excluded in this study. Plain X-ray erect abdomen was done in all cases. Ultrasonography was done only in those patients whose X-ray finding was inconclusive. CT as a modality also included for work up.Results: Mean age distribution was 35.4years and the standard deviation measured 24.57. Incidence in male (36) was more as compared to female population (14). Pain abdomen was found in 45(90%) patients, vomiting in 35(70%) patients, distension abdomen in 34 (68%) patients and constipation in 30 (60%) patients were noted as many patients had coincidence of symptoms. Commonest cause of acute intestinal obstruction noted was postoperative adhesions.Conclusions: Postoperative adhesions were the commonest cause of obstruction. Earlier the presentation, the better the outcome was found.
Total serum calcium and corrected calcium as severity predictors in acute pancreatitis: a prospective study in a tertiary hospital in South India
Authors: Edakkepuram Unnikrishnan , Navas N. K. Muhammad , Parambil Sasi M. , Matad Siddharth
Published: December 2016

Background: Acute pancreatitis still remains a disease of growing burden to mankind; it is an unpredictable, potentially lethal disease with a high mortality. The incidence of acute Pancreatitis appears to be increasing. Aim of the study was to evaluate total serum calcium and corrected calcium as prognostic severity factors in acute pancreatitis.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary hospital from July2015 to June 2016. All the patients who were diagnosed to have acute pancreatitis by clinical examination, laboratory, radiological and biochemical investigations were considered as cases. Serum calcium and albumin corrected calcium measured within 24 hours of admission. Patients followed up for a maximum period of 4 weeks and outcome studied, in terms of whether patient had local or systemic complication, mortality. Significance of serum calcium and albumin corrected calcium in predicting outcome of acute pancreatitis is assessed and compared with BISAP score.Results: Acute pancreatitis most commonly occurs in the age group of 30-50. 80% of acute pancreatitis occurs in male and 20% in female. Alcoholism accounts for 58% cases of acute pancreatitis and gall stone account for 28% of acute pancreatitis.Conclusions: Hypocalcaemia and low ACC can predict severity of acute pancreatitis, as with BISAP score, but it is not superior to BISAP score.
Coronary artery diameter measurement and Z-score regression equation calculation: a comparative study between Indian children between one to five years residing in and around Kolkata with children of South-East Asia and Western population
Authors: Das Satyaki , Ray Swapan Kumar , Bhattacharya Sukanta , Chatterjee Kripasindhu , Mandal Pradyut Kumar , Sen Sukanta
Published: December 2016

Background: Congenital coronary anomalies may be isolated, or they may accompany other congenital heart defects, such as Fallot's tetralogy, transposition of the great arteries or pulmonary atresia. The most common cause of acquired abnormalities of the coronary vessels in children is kawasaki disease (KD). The aim of this study was to find the best model to obtain valid and normally distributed Z-scores for coronary artery (CA) diameters in a large, heterogeneous population of healthy children.Methods: Echocardiography was performed on 300 healthy children. Linear regression models were tested with height, weight, body surface area, and aortic valve diameter. The computed Z scores were tested for normal distribution and stability. Results: CA diameter was best predicted using regression with the body surface area and age in month. The weighted least squares method yielded normally distributed and very stable Z-score estimates for 3 principal CAs.Conclusions: This study showed valid methods to estimate Z scores for CA size in children of all ages. Such Z scores are important for risk stratification in patients with Kawasaki disease.
Retornos a la educación de los Jefes de Hogar en la Región de Puno, 2011 – 2015
Authors: Paredes Mamani René Paz , Quilla Manrique Juan Carlos
Published: December 2016

El objetivo del estudio fue medir econométricamente los retornos de la educación de los jefes de hogar de la región de Puno, en base a la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares 2011 – 2015. Los resultados utilizando la teoría de Mincer y la metodología de Heckman, muestran que existen retornos positivos y significativos atribuidos a la educación de los jefes de hogar, es decir, a mayor nivel de educación existe una mayor retribución económica por hora trabajada. Por cada año de educación adicional, se generaría un incremento adicional de 12.36% en el salario.  Según, los niveles de educación alcanzado, los jefes de hogar sin educación obtendría un retorno de S/. 1.20 por hora, con educación primaria S/. 2.24 por hora, con educación secundaria S/. 3.36 por hora, educación superior no universitaria S/. 5.54 hora, con educación superior universitaria S/. 8.24 por hora y con post grado S/. 10.92 por hora.
Los ingresos petroleros y el crecimiento económico en Ecuador (2000-2015)
Authors: Cepeda Chacaguasay Pedro
Published: December 2016

El presente trabajo de investigación intenta explicar el crecimiento económico de Ecuador a partir de los ingresos del petróleo,  dado que en los últimos diez años el sector petrolero  y el crecimiento económico han llamado la atención en la literatura económica; su importancia se remite a la teoría de crecimiento de Solow. Las principales variables analizadas fueron el PIB per cápita, como una variable determinante de la función de producción, asimismo, la formación bruta de capital fijo, población económicamente activa y los ingresos petroleros, esta última como una variable adicional ajena a la función de producción para explicar el crecimiento económico. Los datos son series estadísticas del Banco Central del Ecuador, y se valoraron a través de una regresión múltiple logarítmica de elasticidades constantes. Como principal resultado se obtiene una relación positiva del PIB por trabajador (y) con la formación bruta de capital fijo por trabajador (k) y el ingreso petrolero por trabajador (yp), es decir cuando las variables inversión y renta aumentan, el PIB por trabajador también se incrementa.
Adiós a la tierra prometida. Crónicas de migrantes latinoamericanos que retornan a su País de origen
Authors: Escobedo Rivera José
Published: December 2016

La presente investigación se realiza bajo el paradigma Empirista “EMIC” -investigación cualitativa-, que nos servirá, como metodología de las Ciencias Sociales, para conocer las razones que tuvieron los migrantes de América Latina y el Caribe, que radicaron en un país de acogida del Norte Desarrollado, para retornar a su país de origen diciéndole “Adiós” a la tierra prometida a través de la versión dada por ellos mismos en sus Crónicas de Vida. La comprensión de estos relatos testimoniales que los migrantes vertieron, como sujetos en la construcción de la realidad social, fueron concebidos como actos reflexivos. Nos hemos propuesto los siguientes objetivos con el propósito de conocer los motivos que llevaron al migrante a tomar esta decisión de volver a su país de origen, toda vez que dichos relatos implican una intencionalidad que reivindica el papel del sujeto en la construcción de la realidad social: a) conocer el retorno del migrante por motivos deseados, y b) conocer el retorno del migrante por motivos ajenos a su voluntad.

 

Palabras-clave: paradigma, motivos, acción social, migración de retorno, primer mundo, Latinoamérica.

  

Abstract

The present research is carried out under the Empiric paradigm "EMIC" - qualitative research -, which will serve as a methodology of the Social Sciences, to know the reasons that had migrants from Latin America and the Caribbean, who settled in a host country of the developed North, for returning to their country of origin saying "Goodbye" to the promised land through the version given by themselves in their Chronicles of Life. The understanding of these testimonies that migrants offered, as subjects in the construction of social reality, were conceived as reflective acts. We have proposed the following objectives with the purpose of knowing the reasons that led migrants to make this decision of returning to their country of origin, since these stories imply an intentionality that claims the role of the subject in the construction of social reality: a) to know the return of the migrants for desired motives, and b) to know the return of the migrants for motives beyond their control.

 

Keywords: paradigm, motives, social action, returning migration, first world, Latin America.
The growing threat of non-communicable disease to pregnancy health
Authors: Hawley Nicola
Published: December 2016

For the past three decades, global maternal and child health efforts have focused on ensuring adequate nutrition for pregnant women, access to essential medicines, skilled health providers, safe facilities for birthing, and treating conditions such as prematurity, which remains the leading cause of newborn death.1 As a result, maternal deaths have fallen by almost 45% since 1990 and the mortality of those aged under five years has more than halved.2 But, this global progress stands to be undermined by the rapidly rising prevalence of obesity and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and chronic hypertension, amongst the obstetric population. 
Barriers to contraceptive use in South Tarawa, Kiribati
Authors: Daube Jacob , Chamberman Viktoria , Raymond Eliza
Published: December 2016

Background: Improving access to family planning in the Pacific region has been slow, especially for those living in remote and rural areas. Pacific countries consistently report contraceptive prevalence rates well below the United Nations’ global averages for ‘less developed’ regions.  The most recent data available on family planning usage in Kiribati from 2009 reported that the modern contraceptive prevalence rate was just 18.0% and total contraceptive prevalence rate just 22.3%.

The aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and use of family planning and identify barriers to contraceptive uptake for men and women of reproductive age in South Tarawa, Kiribati, to inform future approaches aimed at increasing access to family planning.

Methods: A mixed methods approach was used. A community survey of men and women of reproductive age (15-49 years) (n=500) was carried out to identify current levels of knowledge, contraceptive use and barriers to use. Focus groups (n=4) of target populations (men 15-24, men 25-49, women 15-24, women 25-49) were undertaken and in-depth interviews (n=14) were conducted with health professionals and government officials to interpret survey results, further investigate barriers and generate ideas for improving service delivery.

Findings: Considerable barriers to family planning use were observed in the community survey and explored in the interviews and focus groups. They can be categorised into four thematic groups: disinterest in family planning; knowledge gaps; personal, family and social objections; and unsuitable service delivery.

Conclusion: A broad range of solutions were identified and fourteen service delivery recommendations were made for family planning service providers in South Tarawa. The recommendations may also hold relevance to other Pacific countries, however we encourage service providers to consider their country context before initiating any recommendations provided in this study. 
Severe pre-eclampsia: it’s recognition and management
Authors: Walters Barry NJ , Mittermeier Theresa
Published: December 2016

This article deals with certain aspects of the disorder that have not been as well covered in the literature as other elements. The clinical manifestations are manifold, variable and sometimes, if unrecognised, can have unfortunate results. The first truism to accept is that there is no such entity as ‘mild’ pre-eclampsia. All cases have the potential to undergo a transition to a life-threatening illness for mother and baby and, therefore, close monitoring as an inpatient is essential. 
The Pacific Society for Reproductive Health (PSRH) – twenty-years on.
Authors: Walker Carmel , Ekeroma Alec J
Published: December 2016

Benjamin Franklin has been quoted as saying that there are only two things certain in life – death and taxes.1 But there is a third certainty - change. Much has changed over 20 years. For organisations to survive, they have to be relevant, sustainable and flexible. Inflexible organisations do not last long. 
Continuing professional development and challenges facing newly graduated midwives in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Moores Alison , Puawe Paula , Buasi Nancy , West Florence , Samor Mary K , Joseph Nina , Rumsey Michele , Dawson Angela , Homer Caroline Susan Elizabeth
Published: December 2016

Background: The Maternal Mortality Ratio in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2008 was estimated at more than 700 deaths per 100,000 live births. In recognition of the high MMR, a Ministerial Taskforce was established in 2009 with recommendations to urgently address the workforce capacity in regard to maternal and child health services. In 2010, a new competency-based Bachelor of Midwifery curriculum was introduced into four universities in PNG and an increase in the numbers of midwifery students took place over a four year period.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of Papua New Guinean midwifery graduates from the 2012 and 2013 Bachelor of Midwifery cohorts. These graduates were among the first to complete the revised national midwifery curriculum designed to improve the knowledge and skills of a registered midwife graduate.

Method: A descriptive exploratory study was undertaken to explore the experiences of 174 graduates in the first two years post-graduation. All graduates that were able to be contacted were provided with information about the study, consented and were interviewed either face-to-face or by phone/email. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics in SPSS and qualitative data underwent content analysis and coding by the research team.

Findings: Almost all (90%) graduates were working as midwives with 39% of graduates working in rural and remote locations across PNG. Midwifery education prepared graduates well for their work as midwives, but many commented that the course needed to be longer to improve feelings of competence. Professional support during their graduate year varied depending on location and motivation of supervisors. Many graduates, particularly those in rural areas, expressed the desire to work under clinical supervision in a hospital setting for a period of 6-12 months at the end of their training to become more skilled and confident prior to seeking employment.

Conclusion: Most midwifery graduates from the new curriculum found employment as midwives. Only a minority of graduates have had opportunities for continued professional development or support from a mentor of senior colleague. Regular, ongoing professional development and supervision needs to be initiated for the provision of skilled and evidence based care. Support and incentives for staff to work in rural and remote areas should be considered.
The Correlation between Glycemic Characteristic and Erythrocyte Indices in Obesity
Authors: Lindarto Dharma , Syafril Santi , Gatot Dairion
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND: Elevated blood glucose level is a major factor in development of diabetic complications due to unfavorable hyperglycemic induced biochemical as well as hematological indices changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between glycemic characteristic and erythrocyte indices in obese subjects with different glycemic status.METHODS: Cross cross-sectional study was designed, and 80 obese subjects were enrolled. The correlations between glycemic characteristic (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) and erythrocyte indices (Hb, red blood count (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)) were evaluated.RESULTS: Of 80 obese subjects with different glycemic status, there were 48 patients with only obesity (HbA1c <5.7%), 19 patients with pre-diabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%) and 13 patients with diabetes (HbA1c >6.4%). Glycemic characteristic and profile lipid (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG)) were differ significantly in the different HbA1c level. Erythrocyte indices were not differ significantly in the different HbA1c level. Partial Spearman's correlation analysis showed that only MCV was significantly correlated with glycemic characteristic of FPG, PPG, HbA1c and HOMA-IR (r=-0.36, p=0.001; r=-0.29, p=0.007; r=-0.27, p=0.014 and r=-0.236, p=0.035; respectively).CONCLUSION: MCV was significantly correlated with glycemic characteristic (FPG, PPG, HbA1C and HOMAIR). Further investigations are recommended.KEYWORDS: MCV, glycemic-characteristic, HbA1c, erythrocyte indices
Personalized Medicine: The Future of Health Care
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND: Most medical treatments have been designed for the “average patients”. As a result of this “one-size-fits-all-approach”, treatments can be very successful for some patients but not for others. The issue is shifting by the new innovation approach in diseases treatment and prevention, precision medicine, which takes into account individual differences in people’s genes, environments, and lifestyles. This review was aimed to describe a new approach of healthcare performance strategy based on individual genetic variants.CONTENT: Researchers have discovered hundreds of genes that harbor variations contributing to human illness, identified genetic variability in patients’ responses to different of treatments, and from there begun to target the genes as molecular causes of diseases. In addition, scientists are developing and using diagnostic tests based on genetics or other molecular mechanisms to better predict patients’ responses to targeted therapy.SUMMARY: Personalized medicine seeks to use advances in knowledge about genetic factors and biological mechanisms of disease coupled with unique considerations of an individual’s patient care needs to make health care more safe and effective. As a result of these contributions to improvement in the quality of care, personalized medicine represents a key strategy of healthcare reform.KEYWORDS: precision medicine, genomic, proteomic, metabolomic
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL INDONESIA - QATAR SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH DISEPAKATINYA PERSETUJUAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK BERGANDA ANTARA INDONESIA-QATAR
Authors: Andriansyah Andriansyah , Risa Nurma
Published: December 2016

Abstract

The purpose of this study is analizing value of international commerce before and after Indonesia - Qatar tax treaty committed. This research is quantitative rasearch and use real export and import value between Indonesia - Qatar for the periode 2004–2007 (before treaty) and 2008–2013 (after treaty). Data analysis is using independent sample t-test. The result of this study are tax treaty between Indonesia and Qatar don’t have any impact to export value, but in the other hand, this treaty has impact significantly to import value of Indonesia. This research gives a global picture, that a tax treaty can influence the international commerce value between two countries which have committed. Suggestion for next research is not only the value of export and import as one variable but also multivariable.

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji dan menganalisis nilai perdagangan internasional sebelum dan sesudah disepakatinya P3B antara Indonesia-Qatar. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data realisasi perdagangan ekspor dan impor antara Indonesia-Qatar periode sebelum P3B (2004–2007) dan periode sesudah P3B (2008–2011). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa disepakatinya P3B Indonesia-Qatar tidak mempengaruhi nilai perdagangan ekspor secara umum tetapi mempengaruhi secara khusus, Dan disepakatinya P3B Indonesia-Qatar mempengaruhi nilai perdagangan impor. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa disepakatinya P3B/Tax Treaty dapat mempengaruhi nilai perdagangan internasional antara kedua negara persetujuan ditinjau dari segi aspek yang menjadi objek kesepakatan kedua negara tersebut. Diharapkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya lebih mengembangkan sampel area penelitian sehingga dapat diketahui dampak dari P3B dibelahan negara dunia lainnya.
TINJAUAN KRITIS ATAS KEBIJAKAN PEMBERIAN POTONGAN PELUNASAN ANGSURAN MURABAHAH BERDASARKAN NILAI KEDERMAWANAN ISLAM TJOKROAMINOTO
Authors: Latuconsina Yudhy Muhtar
Published: December 2016

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to criticize the policy in discounting of Murabahah's installment payment in Islamic banking based on Islamic benevolent value of Tjokroaminoto. The critical method of Islamic Tjokroaminoto was used to criticize the policy in discounting of Murabahah’s installment payment in Islamic banking. The result shows that the profit’s domination and egoistic attitude had influenced the policy of margin’s discount in Murabahah’s installment payment when the clients hastened their installment payment period. The major opportunity in giving this kind of discounting is the financial ability of middle up customers and this may imbalance wealth. The solution which built based on Islamic benevolent value of Tjokroaminoto is used to evaluate the subject and the object that deserve to get aid. The aid is for the customer who had inability in paying the installment and the margin dis¬counts were should be influenced by the condition of customer and Islamic banking interest.

Abstrak

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah kritik atas kebijakan pemberian potongan pelunasan angsuran murabahah di perbankan syariah berdasarkan nilai kedermawanan Islam Tjokroaminoto. Metode kritis Islam Tjokroaminoto digunakan untuk mengkritisi kebijakan pemberian potongan pelunasan angsuran murabahah di perbankan syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dominasi keuntungan yang menunjukkan sikap egoistik yang mempengaruhi kebijakan pemberian potongan margin sehingga yang diberikan hanya atas pelunasan pembayaran angsuran murabahah lebih cepat dari waktu jatuh temponya. Peluang terbesar diberikannya potongan ini adalah nasabah kelas atas karena kemampuan finansial-nya sehingga dimungkinkan adanya ketimpangan kesejahteraan. Solusi yang dibangun berdasarkan nilai kedermawanan Islam Tjokroaminoto adalah evaluasi subjek dan objek penerima dengan mengutamakan kepada nasabah yang membutuhkan pertolongan yaitu mengalami penurunan kemampuan membayar angsuran serta besaran potongan margin yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi nasabah dan kepentingan perbankan syariah.
BENTUK-BENTUK PELANGGARAN PRINSIP KESOPANAN DALAM CERAMAH KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Kusno Ali , Rahman Abd.
Published: December 2016

religious lecture is the effective means of propaganda for direct interacting to the worshipers. Unfortunately, there are some lecturers who do not pay attention to the politeness principle in the preaching. One lecturer who often causes controversy is GN. GN lectures on several occasions, such as lectures in churches, sparked debate and a negative response from the other speaker. This research is to reveal the forms of principle courtesy violation in discourse. This research used descriptive qualitative research with discourse analysis approach. The analysis showed the forms of the offense of direct criticism (menohok hearer) with a word or phrase that is abusive, speech-driven sense of emotion, intent cornered hearer, the charges on the basis of suspicion, protective of opinions, attack the personal aspect, and the spread of hatred. The forms of violations that included part of the Approbation Maxim. It can be concluded that the conflict (linguistic and social) can be triggered by a lecture, disregarding the principle of modesty. Linguistic conflict, like debate between lecturers, would arise not because of the debate the substance of propaganda, but the attack triggered a personal aspect and spreading hatred. Conflicts are likely to occur when the violation of the principle of courtesy is still ongoing. The negative impact of the conflict would be stronger if it involves an object or group of people with different religious and ethnic.
PENERAPAN USHUL AN-NAHW DALAM PENYUSUNAN MATERI PEMBELAJARAN NAHW PEDAGOGIS
Authors: Luthfi Khabibi Muhammad
Published: December 2016

The study of Arabic syntax and the foundation is essentially in the Arab world there is a group that reconstruct the foundation in order to prepare syntactic and group developing pedagogical syntax essentially Arab and foundation combined with Western linguistics, but do not link it with language learning. This article would describe the concept of syntax as a basic foundation of Arabic linguistics epistemology that could be the basis of linguistic pedagogical education in Arabic. Furthermore, this article would identify its application in the preparation of teaching materials for students of pedagogical syntax Indonesia. While the study of Arabic syntax and essentially foundation in Indonesia, many educational institutions Arabic ignore their correlation. Based on linguistic approach to educational and library data analyzed by the text of discourse found that the basic foundation of Arabic syntax is the sama', qiyas, ijma', ta'lil, ta'wil, istihsan 'amil and istishhab. The application of the basic foundation of syntax as the basis for the preparation of learning materials is a pedagogical syntactic analysis of the basic foundations of syntax in generating syntax, allowance rules of syntax, classification of syntactic descriptive elements, comparing element with Indonesian and Arabic syntax and arrrange the teaching materials.
EXPLORING THE CULTURAL COGNITION AND THE CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR OF MARRIAGE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Kusmanto Joko
Published: December 2016

This paper explores what cultural cognition of ‘marriage’ is metaphorically conceptualized in Indonesian expressions. This paper has two questions. Firstly, what cultural cognitions of ‘marriage’ are encoded in the use of metaphorical expressions in Indonesian? Secondly, how such cultural cognition of ‘marriage’ is metaphorically conceptualized in Indonesian expressions? The analysis and discussion of this exploration basically follow (i) the principles of embodiment in Cognitive Linguistics and (ii) the logic of cultural conceptualization in Cultural Linguistics. Both serve as the primary bases to analyze the problem of the study. The paper is expected to contribute to the present linguistic study in two-fold benefits. Firstly, it presents the discussion of the cultural cognitions of marriage represented in Indonesian metaphorical expressions. Secondly, it discusses the methodological issues of (i) how to understand the relation between culture and language and (ii) how to uncover any cultural representations in linguistic metaphors.
Memórias em disputa na cobertura do caso Snowden: A reinvenção da autoridade jornalística na era digital
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Paula Goulart , Domingues Rachel Bertol
Published: December 2016

A cobertura jornalística do caso Snowden, que vazou documentos revelando a espionagem realizada pelo governo americano, é analisada neste trabalho a partir do conceito de incidente crítico (estabelecido por Zelizer), para a reconfiguração da autoridade jornalística. A partir do confronto de narrativas de memória, os jornalistas renegociam sua autoridade e estabelecem visões dominantes da história. O caso propiciou a formação de uma “comunidade interpretativa” que recriou um ideal profissional mesclando antigos paradigmas com elementos novos das práticas nas mídias digitais. A memória, especialmente em sua dimensão coletiva, é analisada a partir de conceitos sobre arquivamento, fragmentação e globalização. O caso mostra que as conexões entre memória e jornalismo adquiriram novos significados em relação ao que se estabeleceu na Modernidade.
Usos e instrumentalizações da memória em reaberturas de antigos cinemas: De Roma, um caso belga
Authors: Ferraz Talitha Gomes
Published: December 2016

Analisamos os usos estratégicos das memórias ligadas a antigas salas de exibição e práticas de cinemagoing por projetos de reabertura de cinemas. O foco deste trabalho é o caso do cine De Roma, localizado na Antuérpia, Bélgica, reaberto como um teatro popular por meio de um conjunto de ações executadas entre a sociedade civil e instâncias governamentais locais. Com base nas representações do passado cinematográfico do equipamento e de sua imagem como um forte ponto referencial local, o processo de reativação do De Roma e as atuais dinâmicas socioculturais e políticas efetivadas ao seu redor envolvem uma série de questões ligadas aos “enquadramentos da memória”, à “memória coletiva” de espectadores e ao papel de alguns cinemas históricos no espaço urbano como exímios “lugares de memória”.
Os relevos da memória
Authors: Santa Cruz Lucia
Published: December 2016

Este artigo aborda projetos memorialísticos desenvolvidos por meios de comunicação. Iniciativas como Memória Globo, Memória O Globo, Acervo Estadão, se mostram, simultaneamente, movimentos de valorização da memória e instrumentos de produção de novas versões sobre fatos passados, envolvendo ou não os veículos jornalísticos. Além de funcionarem como resgate e preservação da história dos veículos, reforçando ou estabelecendo uma determinada identidade, são o que Pierre Nora chamou de “lugares de memória” -  espaços físicos ou não onde indivíduos e grupos sociais podem ancorar sua memória, face ao fenômeno da aceleração da história que torna o presente cada vez mais volátil. Ao assumirem esta configuração, colocam em questão aspectos constituintes do jornalismo, tais como critérios de atualidade e novidade, além de fomentarem uma rediscussão dos valores de noticiabilidade.
Infância e mídia: breve revisão de um campo em disputa
Authors: Tomaz Renata Oliveira
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar as principais perspectivas a partir das quais a infância vem sendo compreendida enquanto construção social na sua relação direta com a mídia. O trabalho consiste no levantamento da produção acadêmica, nos últimos dez anos, através de consultas no Portal de Periódicos da Capes e na Plataforma Scielo. De acordo com o levantamento realizado, as análises que investigam a relação entre mídia e infância indicam que os elementos constituintes da infância são fabricados pelas sociedades por meio de verdades que não são desveladas e sim produzidas nas disputas simbólicas.
Rememorado a Primeira Guerra Mundial: apropriações da memória coletiva pela publicidade britânica no ano do centenário (1914 – 2014)
Authors: Castro Gisela , Pasqualin Vera
Published: December 2016

Este artigo examina duas campanhas publicitárias veiculadas no Reino Unido no ano em que se comemorou os 100 anos da eclosão da Primeira Guerra Mundial. As lembranças dos que lutaram nos campos de batalha fornecem matéria-prima para ambas as produções. Interessa-nos discutir como a memória coletiva é acionada estrategicamente para estabelecer conexões entre o anunciante e o legado afetivo da efeméride. Em ambos os casos, a própria publicidade se torna produto de consumo, tendo os comerciais sido amplamente comentados e compartilhados nas redes sociais online. Ressaltando a diferença entre memória e arquivo, destaca-se a dimensão propriamente afetiva da memória, a conexão entre memória individual e coletiva, bem e a relevância da memória como patrimônio na manutenção dos vínculos sociais. Por fim, problematiza-se o uso estratégico da memória social nas lógicas de consumo.
Custos da ampliação da licença-paternidade no Brasil
Authors: Almeida Sergio , Pereda Paula , Ferreira Rafael
Published: December 2016

Há uma crescente literatura empírica documentando que educação e cuidado parental de qualidade estão associados com um melhor desenvolvimento emocional e cognitivo da criança. Diante disso, governos de vários países vêm promovendo mudanças nas suas leis trabalhistas, com o objetivo de dar suporte financeiro e legal (proteção do emprego) para as mães e também os pais com crianças recém-nascidas. O Brasil aprovou recentemente o Marco Legal da Primeira Infância (Lei n. 13.257/2016), que ampliou a licença-paternidade de 5 para 20 dias. Pouco  se sabe, entretanto, sobre o impacto econômico desse tipo de política pública. O presente trabalho procura quantificar os custos intertemporais do custo econômico direto da extensão da licença-paternidade para o Brasil. Para isso utilizam-se microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, indicadores do mercado de trabalho brasileiro e uma série de projeções populacionais para construir cenários estáticos para estimativas da probabilidade de os pais solicitarem o uso da licença. Os resultados indicam que a extensão da licença-paternidade para 20 dias tem baixo custo – cerca de R$ 100 milhões por ano no cenário mais provável, o que representa 0,01% da arrecadação federal em 2014. Conquanto a magnitude dos benefícios seja ainda desconhecida no Brasil, os resultados sugerem que esse tipo de intervenção será provavelmente custo-efetiva.
Envelhecimento populacional e gastos com internação do SUS: uma análise realizada para o Brasil entre 2000 e 2010
Authors: Dos Reis Cristiano Sathler , Noronha Kenya , Wajnman Simone
Published: December 2016

A população mundial vem experimentando um processo gradativo de envelhecimento de sua estrutura etária, em função da queda acentuada da fecundidade e da mortalidade nas últimas décadas. Esse processo, que está em curso em praticamente todos os países do mundo, traz à tona a preocupação com o crescimento das despesas em saúde. O objetivo do presente artigo é avaliar o efeito das mudanças da estrutura etária nos gastos com internação do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizada uma decomposição dos gastos em saúde, utilizando o método Tchoe e Nam, adaptado para a realidade do caso brasileiro. A decomposição também é feita considerando três grupos de doenças: infecciosas e parasitárias, neoplasias e circulatórias. Os dados são provenientes do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH-SUS). De forma geral, os resultados encontrados mostram a importância da variação na estrutura etária (envelhecimento populacional) nos gastos das internações hospitalares do SUS entre 2000 e 2010, principalmente para os grupos de doenças associados a uma população mais envelhecida, doenças circulatórias e neoplasia.
Mortality tables for the Brazilian insured population
Authors: De Oliveira Mário Moreira Carvalho , Ramirez Milton Ramos , Frischtak Ricardo Milton , Borges Rafael Brandão de Rezende , Costa Bruno , Pedroso Ricardo Cunha
Published: December 2016

This paper describes the construction of the BR-EMS 2015 mortality tables for the Brazilian insured population. The tables were based on data collected from insurance companies which represent about 80 per cent of the Brazilian insurance market, and they are updates of their previous versions, BR-EMS 2010, which have been the first mortality tables built with Brazilian market experience. Additional data from government sources was used to improve the information of the companies’ databases. The mortality rates of the population under risk products (death coverage) are remarkably different than those under savings products (survivorship coverage); as such, four different mortality tables are constructed, separating the population by sex as well as the type of insurance coverage. A straight comparison between the BR-EMS 2015 tables with the statistics of the general Brazilian population shows a striking difference on life expectancies. The BR-EMS 2015 tables are also compared with other life tables.
Relações Raciais nas Famílias Brasileiras
Authors: Tomas Maria Carolina
Published: December 2016

não disponível
Interrater Reliability and Age-Based Normative Values for Radiographic Indices of the Ankle Syndesmosis in Children
Authors: Lakomkin Nikita , Fabricant Peter D. , Cruz Aristides I. , Brusalis Christopher M. , Chauvin Nancy A. , Lawrence J. Todd R.
Published: December 2016

Background:

While recent research has investigated the normative values, discriminative capacity, and interrater reliability of radiographic indices for the evaluation of the syndesmosis in adults, no such data exist for children. The purposes of the present study were (1) to determine the interrater reliability of common radiographic measures of syndesmosis and deltoid ligament competency in children and (2) to establish age-based normative values.

Methods:

A consecutive series of patient radiographs from a Level-I pediatric trauma center were identified and were used to create an age and sex-balanced cohort of 282 patients. Subjects between 2 and 17 years of age were randomly selected from a pool of patients who had a complete 3-view (anteroposterior, lateral, and mortise) radiographic ankle series and a final diagnosis without osseous or ligamentous injury. Eight age and sex-balanced groups were created for analysis. Three independent raters evaluated all radiographs and recorded radiographic indices that are commonly used for the evaluation of ankle trauma: width of medial clear space, width of superior clear space, tibiofibular clear space, tibiofibular overlap, and medial clear space/superior clear space ratio. Interrater reliability was calculated with use of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC); means and standard deviations were used to report age-group normative values.

Results:

Two hundred and eighty-two patients (mean age [and standard deviation], 9.6 ± 4.6 years) were analyzed. The superior clear space and tibiofibular overlap demonstrated excellent interrater reliability (ICC = 0.915 and 0.964, respectively), the medial clear space and tibiofibular clear space demonstrated substantial agreement (ICC = 0.656 and 0.635, respectively), and the medial clear space/superior clear space ratio demonstrated moderate agreement (ICC = 0.418). The medial clear space could not be reliably measured until the age of 8 years because of insufficient ossification of the medial malleolus. Tibiofibular overlap demonstrated a linear increase over time, ranging from −1.4 mm in 2 and 3-year-old patients to 6.7 mm in 16 and 17-year-old patients (R2 = 0.995). Normative values varied by age and sex.

Conclusions:

The medial clear space and medial clear space/superior clear space ratio could not be reliably assessed for children under 8 years of age and were thus characterized by suboptimal interrater reliability. Tibiofibular overlap had excellent interrater agreement, changed predictably with skeletal growth, and may be useful for future research as well as the clinical assessment of pediatric ankle injuries to guide clinical decision-making.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.