bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Southern African HIV Clinicians Society Conference – Striving for Clinical Excellence, 2012 – Best Abstracts
Authors: Clinicians Society Southern African HIV
Published: June 2017

Over 100 scientific abstracts were submitted for consideration by the scientific programme committee of the Society's conference, Striving for Clinical Excellence. The top nine papers were chosen and the authors were invited to present during the conference in Cape Town in November 2012.

A panel comprised of Profs Linda-Gail Bekker, Brian Eley, Koleka Mlisana and Ian Sanne judged the papers and presentations and selected the best abstract and a runner-up. The first and second place winners were awarded a cash prize of R10 000 and R5 000, respectively, sponsored by Discovery Health.
World Health Organization guidelines should not change the CD4 count threshold for antiretroviral therapy initiation
Authors: Geffen Nathan
Published: June 2017

The World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends that HIV-positive adults start antiretroviral therapy (ART) at CD4 counts
Building on the first decade of ART
Authors: Maartens Gary , Goemaere Eric
Published: June 2017

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Providing HIV care to men who have sex with men in South African state sector clinics
Authors: Rebe Kevin Brian , McIntyre James
Published: June 2017

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Failing the vulnerable: Three new consent norms that will undermine health research with children
Authors: Strode Ann , Richter Marlise , Wallace Melissa , Toohey Jacintha , Technau Karl
Published: June 2017

The South African National Health Act (No. 61 of 2003) provides a legal framework for the regulation of the health system across the country. Within the Act, section 71 introduces a number of legal norms relating to research or experimentation with human subjects, including research on HIV prevention and treatment. These norms have been criticised for the negative impact they will have on research involving children. This article describes three of the new consent requirements in section 71 of the Act. It shows, using a range of case studies, how important HIV-related research will be halted or undermined if the current provisions are implemented. The article argues that the new consent requirements are out of step with other statutory provisions and ethical guidelines, and as a result they will exclude a large population group – children in diverse settings – from much-needed evidence-based healthcare interventions. The article concludes with a clarion call for support of advocacy on this issue with the Minister of Health and the Health Portfolio Committee.
Which clinical parameters predict a positive CSF diagnosis of meningitis in a population with high HIV prevalence?
Authors: Loughborough Will , Jones Louisa , Abouyannis Michael , Garach Sharadh
Published: June 2017

Background. The HIV epidemic has changed the aetiology of meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa, and frontline clinicians are faced with a variety of meningitic presentations. Doctors working in resource-limited settings have the challenge of appropriately selecting patients for lumbar puncture (LP), a potentially risky procedure that requires laboratory analysis. Methods. In a rural South African hospital, the practice of performing LPs was audited against local guidelines. Data were collected retrospectively between February and June 2013. Symptoms and signs of meningitis, HIV status, investigations performed prior to LP and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) results were recorded. With the aim of determining statistically significant clinical predictors of meningitis, parameters were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results. A total of 107 patients were included, of whom 43% had an abnormal CSF result. The majority (76%) of patients were HIV-positive (CD4+ cell count <200 cells/µl in 46%). Cryptococcal meningitis (CCM) was the most prevalent microbiological diagnosis, confirmed in 10 out of 12 patients. Of the non-microbiological diagnoses, lymphocytic predominance was the most common abnormality, present in 17 out of 33 patients. Confusion (p=0.011) was the most statistically significant predictor of an abnormal CSF result. Headache (p=0.355), fever (p=0.660) and photophobia (p=0.634) were not statistically predictive.Conclusion. The high incidence of CCM correlates with previous data from sub-Saharan Africa. In populations with high HIV prevalence, the classic meningitic symptoms of headache, fever and photophobia, while common presenting symptoms, are significantly less predictive of a meningitis diagnosis than confusion.
Fatal nevirapine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome with HIV-associated mania
Authors: Zingela Zukiswa , Bronkhorst A , Qwesha W M , Magigaba B P
Published: June 2017

Mania with psychotic features is one of the common presenting clusters of psychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected patients. Commonly, patients with HIV-associated mania receive antiretroviral treatment, mood stabilisers and antipsychotics. This case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome highlights the dilemmas and complications that may arise when prescribing multiple medications in HIV-associated psychiatric disorders.
From the Editor
Authors: Myer Landon
Published: June 2017

No Abstract Available
Factors associated with retention in HIV care at Sediba Hope Medical Centre
Authors: Ramdas Nishana , Meyer Johanna C. , Cameron David
Published: June 2017

Background: Lost to follow-up (LTFU) is a major challenge that hinders the success of antiretroviral treatment (ART).Objective: To identify factors conducted to a low LTFU rate.Methods: We conducted a two-part descriptive and quantitative study. Part 1 comprised interviews with clinic staff to determine their perspectives on LTFU and to establish the clinic’s follow-up procedures for patients on ART. Part 2 of the study was a retrospective review of clinic and patient records. LTFU patients were identified and those with contact details were contacted for telephonic interview to determine if they were still on ART and/or their reasons for becoming LTFU.Results: A low LTFU rate (7.9%; N = 683) was identified. Work-related stress, and lack of transport and funds were reported reasons for LTFU. Monthly visits, non-adherent defaulters and LTFU patients were tracked by an electronic system (SOZO). Factors contributing to high rates of retention in care were: location of the clinic in the inner city, thus in close proximity to patients’ homes or work; clinic operating on Saturdays, which was convenient for patients who could not attend during the week; an appointment/booking system that was in place and strictly adhered to; a reminder SMS being sent out the day before an appointment; individual counselling sessions at each visit and referrals where necessary; and a stable staff complement and support group at the clinic.Conclusion: Achieving a low LTFU rate is possible by having a patient-centred approach and monitoring systems in place.
Post-exposure prophylaxis
Authors: Smith Charlene
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Interesting times
Authors: Bekker Linda-Gail
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Orphaned by AIDS
Authors: Bekker Linda-Gail
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
HIV/AIDS profile in the provinces of South Africa, 2002
Authors: Bradshaw Debbie
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
FDA Public Advisory for Nevirapine (Viramune)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Improving home-based care in southern Africa - an analysis of project evaluations
Authors: Rosenberg Alana , Mabude Zonke , Hartwig Kari , Rooholamini Sahar , Oracca-Tetteh Dede , Merson Michael
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Effectiveness of the non-profit organisation 'Grandmothers Against Poverty and AIDS' - a study
Authors: Brodrick Kathleen , Mafuya Mandisa
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
The Madwaleni HIV/ARV programme
Authors: Cooke Richard , Wilkinson Lynn
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Displaced persons and HIV care: challenges and solutions
Authors: Bruns Laurie , Spiegel Paul
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Nutrition Guidelines for HIV-infected Adults and Children in Southern Africa
Authors: Spencer D. C. , Harman C. , Naicker T. , Gohre S.
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: Nutritional Guidelines for HIV-infected Adults and Children in Southern Africa (Sections 3-6)
Authors: Spencer David , Harman Carey , Botha Cornelia
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Guidance for antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants less than 1 year of age
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: June 2017

No abstract available.
Psychological distress and tension-type headache among health professional senior students in a historically black university in south africa.
Authors: Amosun S.L. , Naido P.
Published: June 2017

Studies in well-defined populations contribute to the body ofevidence that the psychosocial aspects of people’s environment can have a substantial effect on their physical health. Senior students in health professional education programs were interviewed using structured instruments to assess the prevalence of psychological distress and tension-type headaches in a young adult university population.  Almost 70%of the study sample was either at risk of becoming distressed, or already distressed with somatic or depressive symptoms. About two-thirds of thestudents reported symptoms of either tension-type headache or other typesof headache, while over 30% of all the students complained of tension-type headache. Almost 20% of the students whoreported symptoms of tension-type headache were also distressed, while another 47% were at risk of being distressed.The possible impact on the academic performance of the students and their future role as health care professionalsis discussed.
Basic guidelines for preparing a case report
Authors: Papadopoulos M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction: The case report approach is a method of publication frequently used by clinicians to share data. The case report is a valuable research and education resource.Purpose: The purpose of this article is to define a case report and to present basic guidelines for preparing a case report.Method: The case report should include an introduction, literature review, case description, outcome section, discussion and summary.  These components are presented and discussed briefly.
The effectiveness of manual hyperinflation during the physiotherapy management of acute atelectasis: a case report
Authors: Van Aswegen H. , Eales C. J.
Published: June 2017

Atelectasis is common in intubated and ventilated patients. Thereasons for the atelectasis are multifactorial. Atelectasis, if prolonged, may lead to hypoxaemia, pulmonary infection and fibrosis. The effectiveness of manual hyperinflation as an adjunct to standard respiratory physiotherapy management of patients in the ICU to re-inflate collapsed lung regions, to improve gas exchange and respiratory compliance and to assist with the removal of secretions, have been proclaimed by numerous authors. This case report demonstrates the effectiveness of the addition of manual hyperinflation to the physiotherapy management of an intubated patient with acute atelectasis.
Exercise testing of patients after a period of prolonged mechanical ventilation
Authors: Roos R. , Van Aswegen H. , Eales C. J. , Becker P. J.
Published: June 2017

In this study, physical recovery of patients who received prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) was assessed with a six-phase functional exercise test after the period of ventilation. A prospective correlation study using a consecutive sampling method was carried out over a six-month period. Thirty-one patients were tested but five were lost to follow-up Statistical tests included the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, student’s paired t-test and Kaplan-Meier survival estimate. Subjective perceived effort changed significantly from phase to phase in the exercise test and over time (p < 0.00) Heart rate and respiratory rate responses indicated increased cardio-respiratory effort during the test. No correlation existed between subjective perceived
Psychosocial factors associated with acute cervical radiculopathy
Authors: Conradie M. , Bester M. M. , Crous L. C.
Published: June 2017

Pain is an individual multi-dimensional experience, depending on contributions from the sensory, affective and cognitive dimensions. Only a few studies investigated the psychosocial factors associated with cervical radiculopathy (CR). These studies suggested that chronic CR affects functional abilities, emotional and cognitive states. This descriptive study determined (1) whether psychological factors were present, (2) the impact of pain on the ability to perform activities of daily living, and (3) the correlation between pain intensity, emotional state and functional abilities. The researcher, a physiotherapist, interviewed 21 subjects whose clinical diagnosis of acute CR made by a neurosurgeon [and confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)], to determine the cognitive dimension. Three  standardized questionnaires, namely the Neck Disability Index (NDI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ long form) were administrated to assess the pain intensity, emotional state, total pain experience and functional abilities. Central tendencies were determined by calculating the mean andmedian. The Spearman rank order correlation coefficient test was performed to establish correlations between variables.Results suggested that radicular pain is not only a sensory experience since altered emotional and cognitive stateswere present, which frequently influenced functional abilities. Correlations existed between functional abilities, emotional state and total pain experience, as well as anxiety and depression levels. Higher anxiety than depression levels were found. Thoughts on beliefs and coping strategies were affected. We concluded that clinicians should also address the psychosocial factors and consider the functional impact of the disease, during the assessment and management of acute CR.
Do clinical features and MRI suggest the same nerve root in acute cervical radiculopathy
Authors: Conradie M. , Bester M. M. , Crous L. C. , Kidd M.
Published: June 2017

Different proposed pathophysiological mechanisms can result in variable clinical presentations of cervical radiculopathy (CR), often making it difficult to detect minor nerve root (NR) conditions. This descriptive study determined (1) the level(s) of  NR involvement suggested by the distribution patterns of clinical features and detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and (2) the most common associations between the different variables in patients diagnosed with acute CR by a neurosurgeon. A physiotherapist blinded to the level(s) of NR involvement performed a standardized interview on 21 subjects to determine the distribution patterns of pain and paraesthesia, and a neurological examination. The Fisher exact test was used to determine associations between the different variables. Only seven subjects presented clinically and radiologically with the same single-level NR involvement. Multiple- level presentations occurred which might be due to dermatomal overlapping, central sensitization or the possible involvement of two adjacent NR levels. Distribution patterns of motor weakness, pain and paraesthesia, and to a lesser extent sensory and reflex changes, have value in identifying the compressed NR level. For this sample the distri-bution patterns of radicular features identified C6 and C8 with more certainty than C7.
Ethics of placebo use in randomised studies: primer for physiotherapists
Authors: Amusat N. T.
Published: June 2017

Evidence based practice is driving the need to establish effectiveness of interventions employed by health professionals. The need to show effectiveness for interventions employed by physiotherapists has not been greater. This has led to an increase in the body of evidence available on physiotherapeutic methods. The quality of the evidence, however, has made it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the effect of some of these interventions. There is therefore a call for improved methodologies in physiotherapy effectiveness studies. These needs may prompt even greater use of randomized trials with or without a placebo arm, which are regarded as the best way to show effectiveness. The use of placebo rather than an active  comparator has advantages in showing absolute effectiveness of interventions. However, there may be ethical concerns posed by its use in clinical trials. The balance is therefore required between good ethics and sound science. The goal of this article is to provide physiotherapists with a basic knowledge of the ethics of placebo use in randomized studies. This should prepare researchers to better balance ethical needs with scientific imperatives when designing effectiveness studies.
Status of referral to physiotherapy among hiv positive patients at Chris Hani Baragwaneth hospital johannesburg South Africa 2005
Authors: Myezwa H. , Stewart A. , Mbambo N. , Nesara P.
Published: June 2017

HIV continues to be a major health problem in South Africa.The multiple diagnoses that the disease presents with, needs a holistic and comprehensive management approach. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation play a role in this management approach. Understanding the full scope of conditions that are present and those that are suitable for physiotherapy intervention is an essential prerequisite to developing appropriate curricula, intervention models or systems. It is accepted that HIV rehabilitation interventions are based largely on functional deficits ( O’Dell  1996), however  in South Africa functional deficits have not been fully explored. A common starting point, with the medical model of management was considered to be at the diagnosis level as this information would be more readily available than functional deficits.Purpose: This study aimed to establish how much and in which aeitiology is physiotherapy involved in the management of HIV within an inpatient hospital setting at Chris Hani Baragwaneth Hospital. This minor study forms part of a larger study establishing physiotherapy curricula needs.Method: Aretrospective review of patient records was carried out in order to identify conditions suitable for physiotherapy and to determine the referral patterns to physiotherapy.Findings: Of the 732 records reviewed and used in the study, 47% (n=344) of the patients were HIV positive. From theserecords, 19% (n=139) had diagnoses considered suitable for physiotherapy and only 2% (n=3) of these 139 patientswere referred to physiotherapy.Conclusion: Almost half of the patients in the medical units were HIV positive. Although the referral rate was verylow, some of these patients presented with diagnosis that are traditionally seen by physiotherapists.  None of the patients’records indicated examination of the patients’ physical status such as exercise tolerance, mobility, muscle strength,lung function or pain. This study is by no means fully representative of the full scope of the epidemiology of conditionsthat can be seen by physiotherapists or their referral status but does give some indication of what conditions are, and could potentially interface with physiotherapy.
Patient satisfaction with the physiotherapy service in an intensive care unit
Authors: Stiller K. , Wiles L.
Published: June 2017

Patient satisfaction with physiotherapy treatment is animportant outcome measure that is often overlooked.  The aim of thisquality assurance activity was to assess patients’ satisfaction with thephysiotherapy service provided in an intensive care unit (ICU).  A question-naire evaluating factors pertaining to patient satisfaction was specificallydesigned for use in this study.  Questionnaires were distributed to patientswho had spent a minimum of two weeks in the Royal Adelaide HospitalICU, within a few days of transfer to a general ward.  Thirty five patientscompleted the questionnaire over the 15 month study period.  Respondentsreported a high degree of satisfaction with the personal characteristics ofthe physiotherapists seen and the physiotherapy service provided in ICU.
Physiotherapy services required at primary health care level in gauteng and limpopo provinces (service provider’s perspective -physiotherapists/assistants)
Authors: Maleka Douglas , Franzsen D. , Stewart A.
Published: June 2017

This study was conducted to determine the opinion of physiotherapists and physiotherapy assistants with regards to physiotherapyservices required at a Primary Health Care (PHC) level in two provinces ofSouth Africa, one being urban (Gauteng) and the other one more rural(Limpopo). Using a descriptive study design, a sample consisting of 728 physio-therapists and assistants was selected from the HPCSA register list. Datacollection was by a self-administered questionnaire. Sixty six percent of physiotherapists in Gauteng Province and 68% inLimpopo Province agreed that promotive services are required whereas thepercentage for physiotherapy assistants in Gauteng province and Limpopoprovince were 78% and 89% respectively. Preventative services were suggested by 82% and 85% by physiotherapistsand 95% and 96% by physiotherapy assistants in Gauteng and Limpopo. Eighty nine percent and 88% of physio-therapists, 80% and 85% of physiotherapy assistants in Gauteng and Limpopo respectively agreed that curative services are required.  Rehabilitative services were suggested to be required by 83% and 90% of physiotherapists, 85% and 95% by physiotherapy assistants in Gauteng and Limpopo respectively.
Validation of the Tswana Versions of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Quebec Disability Scale and Waddell Disability Index
Authors: De Beer N. , Stewart A. , Becker P.
Published: June 2017

The use of reliable and valid outcome measures inclinical research as well as clinical practice is very important. Selfreported questionnaires are widely used as outcome measures to assessthe subjective perception of disability caused by low back pain (LBP).The Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Quebec DisabilityScale (QDS) and Waddell Disability Index (W DI) have been identifiedas reliable and valid instruments for assessing disability caused by LPBin English speaking patients. The fact that we do not yet have a validatedand published version of the RMDQ, QDS and W DI in a local SouthA frican language was the motivation to undertake this study.  The threequestionnaires were translated, back-translated and tested in a final version for use with Tswana speaking subjects. The questionnaires were tested on one hundred respondents, who metthe inclusion criteria, at five hospitals in Tswana speaking areas. Of the one hundred respondents 31 were retested 24 hours later. The Visual A nalogue Pain Intensity Scale (VA S-Pain) and Disability Rating Index (DRI) were used ascorrelation tools. There was moderate correlation between the RMDQ and the DRI (0.74) and the W DI and the DRI(0.63). The correlation between the QDS and DRI was strong (0.85). The RMDQ, QDS and W DI correlated moderatelywith the VA S-Pain (0.63, 0.68 and 0.74, respectively). The RMDQ, QDS and W DI appeared to be internally consistentscales with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.92, 0.95 and 0.75, respectively. The RMDQ, QDS and W DI showed excel-lent test-retest reliability with intra-class correlation coefficient values of 0.93, 0.91 and 0.84, respectively. The resultssuggest that the Tswana versions of the RMDQ, QDS and W DI validated in this study are easy to understand, validand reliable instruments for the measurement of functional disability caused by LBP in a Tswana speaking population.Therefore these translated instruments may be useful clinical instruments for collecting standardised data on activitylimitations resulting from LBP in a Tswana speaking population.
Outcome measurement for orthopaedic trauma inpatients
Authors: Moghazy E. , Louw Q.
Published: June 2017

In clinical physiotherapy, there is growing importance for theaccuracy and reliability of assessment and outcome measures. There are nooutcome measure instruments for orthopaedic trauma inpatients published inthe literature. This paper reports on the initial research to develop an outcomemeasure for orthopaedic trauma inpatients. Item generation was done by doinga systematic review of published functional outcome measures. Item reductionwas conducted by using a panel of physiotherapists and patients.  A  total of115 functional items were generated and this was reduced to 29 functionalitems deemed appropriate for othopaedic trauma inpatients. A lthough furtherpsychometric properties should now be tested, the draft outcome measure can serve as a guide in the education ofundergraduate students as well as to clinicians working in orthopedic trauma wards.
The inﬂuence of computer use on the sitting posture of high school students who develop neck and shoulder pain
Authors: Brink Y. , Hillier S. , Louw Q. , Schreve K.
Published: June 2017

The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain (NSP) is increas-ing in adolescents and is related to increased time spent on computers.The inﬂuence of sitting posture on the development of computer-relatedNSP among adolescents is unclear. This study investigated how the sittingposture of the upper quadrant changes over a ten minute period ofcomputer use in once asymptomatic adolescents who later developed NSP.M ethod: Sitting alignment was measured using the Photographic PostureA nalysis Method. The students performed a typing task while two con -secutive photographs were taken ten minutes apart. The students werefollowed for six months and the photographs of those who developed NSPw ere analy z ed.R esults: The results show that there is no signiﬁcant change in sitting posture over time. Observationally the most common pattern was to move from a more ﬂexed posture to a more upright posture and there were greater posturalchanges in the case group (students with extreme cervical angles) compared to the control group (students with thepreferred cervical ROM (34.75º - 43.95º)), although both ﬁndings were not statistically signiﬁcant.Conclusion: There was no change, over a ten minute period, in the sitting posture of computing high school studentswho developed computer-related NSP after six months therefore students should be encouraged to avoid monotonoussitting in front of computers because this could be associated with NSP.
Knowledge and attitudes of physiotherapy students towards obesity
Authors: Awotidebe A. , Phillips J.S.
Published: June 2017

Obesity has been recognised as a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, with more than one billion adults worldwide who are overweight, of which approximately 300 million are obese. Obesity puts an individual in danger of a shorter life expectancy and at risk for developing chronic diseases of life style, which includediabetes, cardio vascular disease and musculoskeletal disorders such as arthritis and back pain. Wide spread negative attitudes towards obese people have been observed which are equally prevalent among health care professionals.  This study was based on the need to determine the knowledge and attitudes towards obese people among physiotherapy students, as they are well suited to address theintricacies of obesity and its related conditions. One hundred and seventy five students from a university in the Western Cape, South Africa, completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire that was adopted from the Obesity Risk Knowledge and Fat Phobia Scale. The study sample demonstrated average levels of knowledge regarding obesity with scores ranging from 3 to 9 on a scale of 10 with a mean score of 6.05. A n overwhelming majority of the participants(> 80%) viewed obesity as largely a behavioural problem while nearly all the participants (97.6%) characterised obese people as lazy, unattractive, insecure and with lower self-esteem. This study has reinforced the need for a morefocussed approach to the education of physiotherapy students around obesity and obesity-related conditions, as well asthe management thereof.
A meta-analysis into the effect of lateral-wedged insoles with subtalar strapping versus traditional insoles in adults with medial knee osteoarthritis.
Authors: Duvenhage L. , Mushaike T. , Parker N. , Swartz L. , Rensburg M. , Wilkinson S. , Morris L.
Published: June 2017

To  systematically  identify,  collate,  and  analyze  the  current available evidence  for  the  effectiveness  of  lateral-wedged  insoles,  with subtalar strapping,  on  reducing  pain,  improving  function  and  improving  the femoral-tibial  angle  (FTA),  in  adults  with  medial  knee osteoarthritis compared to traditional insoles without subtalar strapping.Six computerised databases, namely Cochrane Library, CiNAHL, PEDro, BIOMED central,  PubMed  and  ScienceDirect  were  searched. The  included articles were  then  all  rated  using  the  PEDro  scale  to  determine  their meth-odological quality.  Homogeneous data were pooled in a meta-analysis using Review Manager (REVMAN) software.  Where statistical pooling of the results was not possible, findings were summarised in narrative form. Three randomised controlled trials were selected for this review. The average PEDro score was 5.7. A meta-analysis demonstrated that lateral-wedged insoles with subtalar strapping significantly reduced pain in the short-term (p=0.004). The review found that lateral-wedge insoles with subtalar strapping significantly decreased pain in the short-term and seemed to have a positive effect on the FTA in the long-term, when compared to traditional insoles without  subtalar strapping. The lateral-wedge insole with subtalar strapping may provide a financially feasible adjunctive self-management treatment for knee OA and should be considered before invasive procedures such as surgery.
Exploring the key performance areas and assessment criteria for the evaluation of students’ clinical performance: a delphi study
Authors: Joseph C. , Hendricks C. , Frantz J.
Published: June 2017

Background: evaluating  students’ clinical  performance  is  an integral part of the quality assurance in a physiotherapy curriculum, however, the objectivity during clinical examination have been questioned on numerous occasions.  The  aim  of  this  study  was  to  explore  the  essential  key  clinical performance areas and the associated assessment criteria in order to develop a reliable clinical assessment form.Methods: A Delphi study was used to obtain consensus on the development of a reliable clinical performance assessment tool. The study population consisted of  purposively  selected  academic  physiotherapy  staff  from  the  University  of Western Cape as well as supervisors and clinicians involved in the examination of  physiotherapy  students  from  the  three  Universities  in  the  Western Cape.  Findings  from  the  Delphi  rounds  were analysed  descriptively. Fifty  percent  or  higher  agreement  on  an  element  was  interpreted  as  an  acceptable  level of consensus.Results: Eight key performance areas were identified with five assessment criteria per key performance area as well as the weighting per area. It was evident that evaluators differed on the expectations of physiotherapy students as well as the criteria used to assess them.Conclusions: The Delphi panel contributed to the formulation of a clinical assessment form through the identification of  relevant  key  performance  areas  and  assessment  criteria  as  they  relate  to undergraduate  physiotherapy  training. Consensus on both aspects was reached following discussion and calculation of mean ranking sores.Implications: This process of reaching consensus in determining clear criteria for measuring key performance areas contributes to the objectivity of the process of examinations.
The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life among the university female staff in South Africa
Authors: Skaal L. , Mashola M.K.
Published: June 2017

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common problem among females and has been associated with significant decreased quality of  life. Few  women  seek  help  for  this  condition  with  only  a  few  who consult physiotherapy treatment.Purpose: To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life among the university women in South Africa.Method:  A  quantitative  cross-sectional  study design  with  145  women  ran-domly selected from the university. A questionnaire was used to determine UI Diagnosis; Impact on Qol and treatment seeking tendencies. BMI was meas-ured objectively. ethical clearance was obtained from University. Data was analysed using SPSS 17.0Results:  Forty  six(32%)  women  reported  to  having  UI.  Risk  factors  associated  with  UI  included  age,  race,  and  obesity. UI had a significant negative impact on quality of life and only 4.4% of participants with UI consulted physio-therapy for this condition.Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of UI among the women at this university with a significant impact on quality of life.The role of Physiotherapy in management of UI has been demonstrated and there is therefore a need to empower women with non-invasive treatment options, like physiotherapy.
Involvement in and Views on Social Responsibility of Gauteng Members of the South African Society of Physiotherapy: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Mostert-Wentzel K , Masenyetse LJ , Dinat N , Botha A , Jonkers LD , Oosthuizen LC
Published: June 2017

How do physiotherapists in Gauteng Province,who are members of the South African Society of Physiotherapy(SASP), view social responsibility?A cross-sectional survey was conducted after ethics approval.All 1 098 Gauteng members of the SASP were invited via a thirdpartye-mail to reach the a priori minimum sample size of 97. Theweb-based questionnaire was developed from literature, an earlierSASP survey and a position paper of the American Physical TherapyAssociation (APTA). Five experts validated the instrument.The Likert scale scores indicating agreement with indicatorsof social responsibility were totalled to form a composite socialresponsibility score. The chi-square test for independence was used to determine associations between the categorisedcomposite social responsibility score and categorical variables. Mean difference of continuous variables betweenthe categorised core for two groups were tested using the two-sample t-test. All variables with a P-value less than0.05 were included in the logistic regression analysis to investigate predictors of the necessity of social responsibility.The survey was completed by 163 participants. Of the sample, 96.9% viewed social responsibility as important.Subjects agreed most with “advocating for the health needs of society” (74,2%) and the least with “political activism”(6.1%). Compulsory community service positively influenced 74.6%.Most physiotherapists in the study viewed social responsibility as important and were involved in volunteering.There is scope to broaden the understanding among physiotherapists of what social responsibility entails.
Injury prevalence of netball players in South Africa: The need for in jury prevention
Authors: Pillay T. , Frantz J.M.
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to establish baseline data for injury prevalence,mechanism of injury, injury severity and management of injuries in netball playersin South Africa. A cross sectional descriptive design was employed to collect databy means of a questionnaire in 2010. Participants consisted of 254 netball playerswho participated in a netball tournament. Permission was obtained from all therelevant organizations and informed consent obtained from the participants. Thegeneral injury rate was 61.8% with an injury rate of 1.9 injuries per player forthe past season. The most commonly injured structures were the ankle 37.5 % andthe knee 28.6% with the most common mechanism of injury being landing, 19% and 29% respectively. Of those whosustained injuries, 86 (44%) of the injured athletes’ sustained severe injuries, 31(16%) sustained moderate injuriesand 78 (40%) sustained mild injuries. 67% of players reported they were able to continue with the game and 33%received medical assistance losing game and training time. The most common form of management accessed wasphysiotherapy, which accounted for 31%. It is evident that the ankle and knee injury rates amongst South Africannetball players are high in comparison to other netball playing nations. Injury surveillance is an integral part ofdeveloping preventative measures. The article lays a platform for developing these strategies against the backdrop ofits findings and comparison with other authors.
Understanding the current discourse of rehabilitation: With reference to disability models and rehabilitation policies for evaluation research in the South African Setting
Authors: Mji G. , Chappell P. , Statham S. , Mlenzana N. , Goliath C. , DeWet C. , Rhoda A.
Published: June 2017

Evaluation of rehabilitation programmes is essentialin order to monitor its effectiveness and relevance. There is howevera need to consider policies when conducting evaluation researchin rehabilitation. The aim of this paper is to present the theoreticaland legislative underpinnings of rehabilitation in South Africa.A narrative review of national and international disability legislationand empirical research in context of rehabilitation was conducted.The findings of this review reveals that as a fluid construct, thediscourse of rehabilitation has been underpinned by the changingtheoretical and socio-political understandings of disability. This inturn has influenced various international and national health anddisability policies and legislations that oversee the implementation ofrehabilitation practice. Despite this, there has been little evaluationof public health rehabilitation services in context of these policies and legislations in South Africa. The fluidity of rehabilitationneed to be considered when conducting evaluation research in rehabilitation.
National Health Insurance implications for rehabilitation professionals and service delivery
Authors: Myezwa H. , Van Niekerk M.
Published: June 2017

This paper reviews the National Health Insurance (NHI) in view of what is proposed and authors suggest how it may impact on the rehabilitation sector namely occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech and language therapy and audiology. A review of the basic description of the NHI and the different elements is presented. Particular attention is paid to how much interface and mention is made of rehabilitation. The current status of rehabilitation service provision and its response to the needs of the population, in particular the burden of disease and the related finance models are discussed. Suggestions are presented for the way forward to ensure rehabilitation professionals and services rendered are not caught flat footed.
The development of an intervention to manage pain in amaxhosa women living HIV/AIDS
Authors: Parker R. , Jelsma J. , Stein D.J.
Published: June 2017

The profile of HIV/AIDS has changed from that of a terminal illness to one of a chronic debilitating disease which has the potential to become terminal.
Physiotherapy Management of low back pain with Sacroiliac Joint Component; A case report
Authors: Adesola C.O. , Babatunde A.A. , Ushotanele U.
Published: June 2017

This report describes a clinical case of 71 year old man with low back pain of sacroiliac joint component.
Designing natural gesture interaction for archaeological data in immersive environments
Authors: Albertini Niccolò , Brogni Andrea , Olivito Riccardo , Taccola Emanuele , Caramiaux Baptiste , Gillies Marco
Published: June 2017

Archaeological data are heterogeneous, making it difficult to correlate and combine different types.  Datasheets  and pictures,  stratigraphic  data  and  3D  models,  time and  space  mixed  together: these are  only a few  of  the  categories  a researcher has to deal with. New technologies may be able to help in this process and trying to solve research related problems needs innovative solutions. In this paper, we describe the whole process for the design and development of a prototype application that uses an Immersive Virtual Reality system to acces archaeological excavation3Ddata through the Gesture Variation Follower (GVF) algorithm. This makes it possible to recognise which gesture is being performed and how it is performed. Archaeologist shave participated actively in the design of the interface and the set of gestures used for triggering the different tasks. Interactive machine learning techniques have been used for the real time detection of the gestures. As a case  study  the  agora  of  Segesta  (Sicily,  Italy)  has  been  selected.  Indeed,  due  to  the  complex architectural  features  and  the  still  ongoing  fieldwork  activities,  Segesta  represents  an  ideal  context  where  to  test  and develop a research approach integrating both traditional and more innovative tools and methods.
Project Management and sustainability - review of the 4th IPMA Research Conference 2016
Authors: Ingason Helgi Thor , Schoper Yvonne
Published: June 2017

The 4th IPMA research conference was held on Project Management and Sustainability in Reykjavik, Iceland from September 14th - 16th 2016. In this article, we give a general outline of the structure of the conference, the main findings and what they mean for the project management community.
In situ observations of meteorological variables and snowpack distribution at the Izas Experimental Catchment (Spanish Pyrenees): The importance of high quality data in sub-alpine ambients
Authors: Revuelto Jesús , Azorin-Molina Cesar , Alonso-González Esteban , Sanmiguel-Vallelado Alba , Navarro-Serrano Francisco , Rico Ibai , López-Moreno Juan Ignacio
Published: June 2017

Abstract. his work describes the snow and meteorological dataset available for the Izas Experimental Catchment, in the Central Spanish Pyrenees, from 2011 to 2016 snow seasons. The experimental site is located in the southern side of the Pyrenees between 2000 and 2300 m above sea level with an extension of 55 ha. The site is a good example of sub-alpine ambient in which snow accumulation and melting dynamics have major importance in many mountain processes. The climatic dataset includes information on different meteorological variables acquired with an Automatic Weather Station (AWS) such as precipitation, air temperature, incoming and reflected short and long-wave radiation, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, atmospheric air pressure, surface temperature (snow or soil surface) and soil temperature; all of them at 10 minute intervals. Snow depth distribution was measured during 23 field campaigns using a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), and there is also available daily information of the Snow Covered Area (SCA) retrieved from time-lapse photography. The data set (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.579979) is valuable since it provides high spatial resolution information on the snow depth and snow cover distribution, which is particularly useful in combination with meteorological variables to simulate the snow energy and mass balance. This information has already been analyzed in different scientific works studying snow pack dynamics and its interaction with the local climatology or terrain topographic characteristics. However, the database generated till the date has great potential for understanding other environmental processes from a hydrometerological or ecological perspective in which snow dynamics play a determinant role.
Debris-flow modeling at Meretschibach and Bondasca catchments, Switzerland: sensitivity testing of field-data-based entrainment model
Authors: Frank Florian , McArdell Brian W. , Oggier Nicole , Baer Patrick , Christen Marc , Vieli Andreas
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Debris-flow volumes can increase due to the incorporation of sediment into the flow as a consequence of channel-bed erosion along the flow path. This study describes a sensitivity analysis of the recently introduced RAMMS (Rapid Mass Movements) debris-flow entrainment model, which is intended to help solve problems related to predicting the runout of debris flows. The entrainment algorithm predicts the depth and rate of erosion as a function of basal shear stress based on an analysis of erosion measurements at the Illgraben catchment, Switzerland (Frank et al., 2015). Starting with a landslide-type initiation in the RAMMS model, the volume of entrained sediment was calculated for recent well-documented debris-flow events at the Bondasca and the Meretschibach catchments, Switzerland. The sensitivity to the initial landslide volume was investigated by systematically varying the initial landslide volume and comparing the resulting debris-flow volume with estimates from the field sites. In both cases, the friction coefficients in the RAMMS runout model were calibrated using the model, whereby the entrainment module was (1) inactivated to find plausible values for general flow properties by adjusting both coefficients (ξ and μ) and then (2) activated to further refine coefficient μ, which controls erosion (patterns). The results indicate that the model predicts plausible erosion volumes in comparison with field data. By including bulking due to entrainment in runout models, more realistic runout patterns are predicted in comparison to starting the model with the entire debris-flow volume (initial landslide plus entrained sediment). In particular, lateral bank overflow – not observed during these events – is prevented when using the sediment entrainment model, even in very steep (≈ 60–65 %) and narrow (4–6 m) torrent channels. Predicted sediment entrainment volumes are sensitive to the initial landslide volume, suggesting that the model may be useful for both reconstruction of historical events and the modeling of scenarios as part of a hazard analysis.
Saúde Mental no contexto da atenção básica: potencialidades, limitações, desafios do Programa Saúde da Família
Authors: Munari Denize Bouttelet , Melo Terezinha Silvério de , Pagotto Valéria , Rocha Bárbara Souza , Soares Carlene Borges , Medeiros Marcelo
Published: June 2017

Esse estudo destaca as possibilidades da inclusão da atenção em saúde mental no Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF). O objetivo foi analisar na literatura nacional as possibilidades, limites e desafios dos profissionais do PSF no enfrentamento das questões concernentes à prática. Revisão de literatura realizada em agosto/2007, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, sendo acessadas bases LILACS e SciELO. A busca foi realizada por meio dos descritores “saúde mental”, “família”, e “programa saúde da família”, recuperando apenas artigos publicados em periódicos disponíveis nessas bases entre 1997 e 2007. Identificamos 155 títulos inicialmente que, ao serem analisados possibilitou seleção de 50 artigos (30 LILACS e 20 SciELO). Esse exercício levou a organização do material em dois pontos de convergência: 1. Programa Saúde da Família e a Reabilitação Psicossocial: o que há de comum? 2. Do descompasso aos vôos possíveis: limites, contradições, impasses e possibilidades na atenção em saúde mental no PSF. Concluímos que embora haja tendência de expansão da produção do conhecimento sobre a temática ainda é necessário investimento em iniciativas de superação do modelo assistência, que de fato tenha impacto na prática assistencial.
A produção científica nacional sobre os direitos da criança hospitalizada
Authors: Aquino Fernanda Martins de , Lemos Monique C. Monteiro , Silva Taisa Rodrigues da , Christoffel Marialda Moreira
Published: June 2017

Este estudo objetivou identificar a produção científica nacional sobre os direitos da criança e do adolescente hospitalizados e analisar o papel do enfermeiro, enquanto profissional de saúde, na perspectiva desses direitos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados LILACS e SciELO, no período de 1996 a 2008, em que foram analisados 13 artigos na íntegra. Os resultados revelam que, apesar de os artigos abordarem os direitos da criança hospitalizada, apenas um deles fazia referência à Resolução nº 41/95 que trata dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente. Conclui-se que é de suma importância que as enfermeiras pediátricas esclareçam e assegurem aos pais o direito de participação ativa na hospitalização de seu filho.