bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Anemia Treatment: Systematic Review
Authors: Zakiyyah Putri Sitti , Budu Budu , Gemini Gemini , Natsir Rosdiana
Published: November 2021

The global prevalence of anemia in non-pregnant women, of childbearing age, is estimated at 29.0% and is more common in low- and middle-income countries, women belonging to low socioeconomic strata. iron deficiency can cause direct or risky disability. To determine the effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for the treatment of anemia. The method used is with the help of electronic databases from journals that have been published through PubMed, Proquest, EBSCOhost, and Science Direct as many as 6 articles were reviewed from 1186 articles. The 6 articles reviewed in this study with varied respondents using patients, male rats, nurses, Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rattus norvegicus Domestica, bovine serum, premature neonates. Non-pharmacological interventions developed in the treatment of anemia in both human and animal samples as well as the development of treatment and laboratory examinations in the treatment of anemia are Nursing Delirium Screening scale, Hepcidin expression, pain identification, HM10760A, Divalent metal transporter DMT1/SLC11A2, conservative management.
Socioeconomic profile of producers and dairy technological of farms in the southern mesoregion of Santa Catarina
Authors:   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Marcílio Thalyta , Casas Bruno Alexandre Dombroski ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Silva Diego Hemkemeier ,   Instituto do Meio Ambiente de Santa Catarina, Peripolli Vanessa ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Martins Carlos Eduardo Nogueira ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Bianchi Ivan ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Moreira Fabiana ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Oliveira Júnior Juahil Martins de ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Schwegler Elizabeth ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense
Published: November 2021

This study characterized the socioeconomic profile of milk producers and dairy technological of farms in the southern mesoregion of Santa Catarina. Following a 6.5% sampling of total farms by municipality, 95% confidence level, 5% sampling error, and group heterogeneity, data were collected from 308 farms, 22 of which were excluded due to insufficient data. The farmers were selected randomly, and information extracted from an electronic form, addressing social, economic, technical and technological issues. The data were analyzed using factor, cluster, and discriminant analysis. As farms with the main activity of dairy farming, they have an average area of 20.79 hectares and a production of 12.18 liters per animal per day. I n the factor analysis, the first factor was related to the area and productivity of farms and the second factor to sanitary control and the feed variety of the animals. The cluster analysis formed three clusters; the first and the second were composed of larger farms and areas, and the other consisted of smaller farms, the latter involving more producers. As farms are characterized by low production, there is clearly a deficiency in technical support for producers.
The Influence of and Leadership Style Work Environment on Employee Performance At UPI Serang Campus
Authors: Agusetiawan Shavab Firli , Fuadi Fuadi , B Rohman
Published: November 2021

This research aims to analyze the influence of leadership styles and the work environment on employee performance at UPI Serang Campus. The research approach used is a mix method. The research population is an employee of education personnel at the University of Education Indonesia Kampus Serang, while the sample technique used in this study is purposive sampling using as many as 31 respondents. The method used is quantitative research. The data analysis methods used are decryptive statistical analysis, normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroskedasticity test, autocorrelation test, multiple linear regression test, and hypothesis test. The results of this study showed that: (1) leadership styles did not have a significant influence on employee performance. (2) The work environment has a significant influence on employee performance. (3) Leadership style and work environment have a significant influence on employee performance. The results of the coefficient of determination showed that the contribution of the influence of leadership style and the work environment on employee performance was 76.50%, while the remaining 22.50%, was a contribution from other variables (£) that were not examined in this study
MODEL OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MSMEs IN UTILIZING ONLINE MEDIA TO INCREASE PEOPLE'SPOWER IN BATANG KUIS DISTRICT
Authors: Julita Julita , Arianty Nel , Bahagia Rahmad
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine and analyze the effect of Social Characteristics on Purchasing power, to find out and analyze the influence of MSME Economy on the Purchasing power, to find out and analyze the influence of online media on Purchasing power, to determine and analyze the influence, Social Characteristics, Economics of SMEs, and Online Media onPurchasing powerto the community in Batang Kuis District. The results showed that social characteristics had no significant effect on purchasing power. This shows the influence of the digital era that has been widely carried out in buying and selling interactions, so that direct social interaction is very rarely carried out. The MSME economy has a significant effect on purchasing power. This shows the influence of the community's economy that influences the purchase of a product. Online media has a significant effect on purchasing power. This shows the influence of social media which has been widely used by the community in carrying out activities including buying the necessary needs through social media.
Antzerki-teknikak ikaskuntza-eragile gisa: rol-jokoa eta antzezpena
Authors: de Ágreda Coso Eduardo
Published: November 2021

Antzerki-teknikak, oinarri-oinarrian ekintzak imitatzeko printzipioari lotuta daudenez, ikaskuntzaren parte izan dira aspalditik. Are gehiago; pentsa dezakegu «irakaskuntzaren alderdi teatrala» antzinatik egon dela presente, nahiz eta ez den aipatzen ikaskuntzari buruzko lehen iturri bibliografikoetan. Izan ere, irakaskuntzan imitazioa funtsezkoa dela jotzen da gizakiek elkarrengandik ikasten hasi zirenetik, eta, hartara, ez dela nabarmentzeko modukoa. Lerro hauen bidez, mota horretako baliabideei buruzko datu batzuk emango dira, lehen eta bigarren hizkuntzaren irakaskuntzan noiz eta nola erabili diren argitzeko. Amaitzeko, teknika horietako bi garatuko dira (rol-jokoa eta antzezpena), bigarren hizkuntzako ikasleekin erabil daitezen; zenbait adibide emango dira, eta antzerki-teknikek zer onura dakartzaten eta hizkuntzen eskoletan teknika horiek aplikatzeko zer urrats eman behar diren azalduko da.
Bigarren hizkuntzen klaseetako plangintza: hiru aldiko narratiba
Authors: González Argüello Vicenta
Published: November 2021

Gizartean, narratibak beti izan dira presente; batez ere, irakaskuntza-eremuan. Hauxe da gure proposamena: ikasleak narratiba horiek eraikitzeko lanetan inplikatzea, gehiago motiba daitezen ikasprozesuan. Horretarako, eskola-plangintzak diseinatzea izango da irakaslearen rola, narrazio-egitura argiak segi ditzaten, ezusteko norabide-aldaketa eta guzti, ikasleek erabakiak hartu eta hipotesiak prestatu behar izan ditzaten, emaitza posibleak aurkitzeko ikasgelan guztien artean lantzen ari diren istorioari. Eskola-plangintzak diseinatzeko ideiez aparte, joko batzuk ere aurkeztuko ditugu, ikasgelan erabili ohi direnak, nahiz eta ez diren sortu bigarren hizkuntzak irakasteko.
Administrativno–pravno uređenje rudarskog distrikta sjeverozapadne Bosne u III stoljeću / The administrative and legal regulation of the mining district of northwestern Bosnia in the 3rd century
Authors: Merdanić Šahinović Dženefa
Published: November 2021

Research of the Ancient mining, throughout the Roman Empire, indicates that the evolutionary development of local, metallurgical, and mining plants is directly related to changes of the imperial administration. During the second century, the mines belonged to the state that leased them to a private mine lessee, conductor. As the same conductor appears in the northwestern areas of Bosnia and Mursa, Noricum, as a leaseholder of Pannonian iron mines, we can assume that this mining area was the administrative property of the province of Pannonia. There are fifteen epigraphic monuments from the third century, which provide a basis for understanding the administrative-legal arrangement of the mining district of north-west Bosnia. Almost all monuments have been erected in honor of Oriental deities, with the exception of two monuments referred to Sedatus, a Pannonian deity. The most represented deity is Terra Mater, whose dedications  make half of the total number of these epigraphic sources. Terra Mater, or Mother Earth, basically is not a mining deity, but in this context, its interpretation as such is not a mistake. The aforementioned monuments have been erected by an administrative-legal apparatus operating in this district, in the form of a fiduciary (procurator Augusti), a bailiff (vilicus), or an association of collegium and corpus. Although the administrative apparatus was much more layered and had a functional hierarchical system, these are the only titles and functions that occur in the Northwestern Mining District, within their variations. The strength of administrative power, in the said territory, was best manifested in the third century, but there is numismatic evidence for the mining process in the first century.
Mud Crab (Scylla Serrata) Value Addition Analysis of Different Actors in Bangladesh
Authors: Bain Himu , Mandal Anup Kumar , Islam Md Monjurul , Saiyem Md Abu , Alamgir Md Shah
Published: November 2021

The mud crab business is being considered by most marketing operators to be a profitable and sustainable business due to the high demand in the international market. This study aims to determine value addition at different actors-based steps; primary data was collected from 100 respondents (40 collectors, 10 fatteners, 20 depot owners, 20 suppliers and 10 exporters) who were selected randomly from Khulna, Satkhira and Dhaka district. The mud crab analysis reveals that the value addition of the fatteners was the highest among all other intermediaries which was Tk. 11525 and Tk. 10665 per 100 kg of crab for the grade XXLPD in Khulna and Satkhira district respectively, whereas the lowest value addition was Tk. 1450 and Tk. 1090 per 100 kg of crab for grade KS3. The mentioned districtsâ€™ highest value addition by depot owners were Tk. 1191 and Tk. 1200 per 100 kg of crab for the grade FF1 respectively, while lowest value addition was Tk. 691 and Tk.750 per 100 kg of crab for the grade L and M, and by suppliers it was Tk. 2918 and 2758 per 100 kg of crab for the grade FF1. The range of value addition by exporters for Hong-Kong and Taiwan market was Tk. 260.25 to Tk. 13825 per 100 kg of crab. Value addition for exporting female crab to Taiwan market was greater than Hong-Kong market.
Challenges of LPG Supply, Distribution & Pricing in Growing Market: Bangladesh Case Study
Authors: Mehedi M , Bhuiyan M Foysal Alam , Jalal M Jakaria
Published: November 2021

The prime energy scarcity is nowadays a mostly the debated issue in Bangladesh in the awaken of spreading energy and fuel crisis. Pipeline natural gas support only 6 % domestic consumption of total population by 16 % of total produced gas which is declined mode. The claim of natural gas is on the continuous increase to meet domestic needs in the city, suburban areas together with industrial, commercial, power generation and diverse usage against the scarcity of gas. The demand for natural gas is on the continuous increase to meet domestic needs in the urban, suburban areas alongside industrial, commercial, power generation and diverse usage against the scarcity of gas. In this situation, LPG becomes a popular alternative energy source to reduce the natural gas crisis along with providing clean fuel in rustic areas. LPG is using by about 81% in its total amount for domestic purposes. At present in 2018 LPG demand in Bangladesh is approximate 750,000 MT and in future 2025 it would be 250, 0000 MT with growth rate 25%, 17 %, 14%, 15 %, 8%, 20% and 17% respectively. Now a day 12 KG LPG cylinders price is BDT 1150-1200 because of the variety of market barriers, government VAT and higher transaction costs which is not affordable for the middle as well as a low-income family though Bangladesh government fixed the price every month. LPG could assume an increasingly significant job in giving cooking energy to low-middle pay family units in Bangladesh if an appropriate advertising structure and circulation plan are masterminded. The aim of this project is to find out the challenges of LPG supply, distribution, and pricing in the growing Bangladesh market and to make a well planned and details road map so that LPG companies of Bangladesh can serve 70% of the domestic cooking fuel through LPG by 2025.
Response of Some Improved Upland Rice Varieties to Different Sources and Rates of Nitrogen Fertilizer in A Humid Rain Forest Region
Authors: Esang Demben Moses , Ikeh Angus Onwudiwe
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Nitrogen (N) is a major lacking nutrient element for the growth and yield of cereal crops Calabar, it is necessary to determine the response different sources and rates of N  in four varieties of upland  rice. Treatments comprised factorial combinations of the four rice varieties (NERICA 1, NERICA 2, FARO 45, FARO 48), three straight inorganic N sources (urea, Calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate) and four levels of N (0, 30, 60, 90 kg N ha-1) laid in randomized complete block design. The N was split applied twice; one-third at the beginning of tillering and the remainder at panicle initiation. The results showed that the source of fertilizer N did not affect significantly the growth and yield of the rice crop (p=0.05). Considering that soils in Calabar are acid sands it will not be advisable to consistently apply such acidifying fertilizers as ammonium sulphate or urea except with soil liming which will undoubtedly increase the cost of production and probably make it unprofitable to cultivate rice in the area. The fertilized crop grew taller and produced more biomass compared with the control. It also produced significantly more tillers hill-1, panicles m-2, grains panicle-1, weight of 1,000 grains and grain yield. However, whereas NERICA 1, NERICA 2 and FARO 45 were more responsive to lower N levels, the grain yield of FARO 48 was significantly higher when the crop received 90 kg N ha-1 compared with other varieties, probably because of its longer growth duration in the field.  The responsiveness of these varieties to low N application was the result of their higher grain yield resulting from enhanced N use efficiency. Genotypes that were most responsive to low N input levels were early maturing with high N-use efficiencies. On the basis of grain yield, it is recommended that for  high yield in the humid region of Cross River State, N should be applied at the rate of  60 kg ha-1 for early-  and 90 kg ha-1 or above for the medium-maturing upland rice varieties.

Keywords: Rice, Varieties, Growth and Yield
An integrated safety implementation analysis based on risk assessment to enhance the safety engineering practice in the gas fields of Sylhet region, Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Md Enamul , Howladar M Farhad , Hossain Md Numan
Published: November 2021

The industrial sectors of Bangladesh mostly depend on the petroleum industry. Historically, risk and hazards are the common scenario in the petroleum industry occurring due to lack of efficient risk assessment, resulting in financial loss, injury, or harm for people, and the environment. To prevent these losses, it is essential to implement the best risk assessment plan.The objective of this research is toenhance the implementation of safety engineering systems in the petroleum industry through risk assessment.

For this, purpose at first, the questionnaire survey for the perception of risk identification and safety system is performed to determine the current defects in the safety engineering system. Then, using SPSS software the risk analysis as well as ANOVA and reliability analysis of the collected data is accomplished to examine top risk factors. Concerning both interview and questionnaire analysis, an integrated risk assessment-based safety analysishas beenperformed to optimize the performance of the safety engineering system.The outcomes of this research expose the technical, procedural, and behavioral gap in the current risk assessment for the safe implementation of the safety engineering system of the petroleum industry of Bangladesh.
Struggling Learners' Achievement Level Using Electronic Strategic Intervention Material In Mathematics (ESIMATH)
Authors: Balazo Glory Fe Oraller
Published: November 2021

This study focused on the achievement levels of Grade 11 struggling learners using an electronic Strategic Intervention Material in Mathematics (eSIMath) in teaching least mastered competencies in the subject, Statistics and Probability for Senior High School. A Solomon four-group quasi-experimental research design was employed to two classes using eSIMath-based instruction, and two classes via conventional instruction, who were identified through a local diagnostic examination given by the teacher-researcher before the instruction for the second semester of the school year 2019-2020. The data gathered were analyzed using independent and dependent t-test, Dunnett's T3 test for post-hoc analysis of posttest scores, and assessment of mean gained scores. Findings of the study showed that the use of eSIMath-based instruction is an effective approach in the increase of struggling learners' achievement level in Statistics & Probability.
A Typological Study of Lower Sorbian and Breton Word Order
Authors: Vogt Till
Published: November 2021

In the case of Breton, lots of attempts were made to determine its historically grown word order. Proposals in this regard range from VSO (Timm) over V2 (Schafer) to SVO (Varin). This paper shows that traditional Breton has a preference for V2 positioning within a VSO-type framework. Lower Sorbian is a language with a rich morphology and consequently shows a relatively flexible word order. However, in unmarked declarative sentences it is normally the subject which occurs in sentence-initial position whereas the verb does not seem to prefer any specific position. Having determined the word order in the traditional varieties of Breton and Lower Sorbian, an outlook will be given on potential changes of their actual word order under language contact.
Writing Britain's Celtic History in the Nineteenth Century: The Study of Folk Tradition by Sir John Rhŷs
Authors: Rüdiger Angelika Heike
Published: November 2021

Sir John Rhŷs was the first professor of Celtic studies in Oxford and was also a renowned collector of Welsh folklore. This paper explores how Rhŷs used tales and narrative motifs from folklore, especially those related to traditions of the Tylwyth Teg, the Welsh fairies, to construct and support his idea of Britain’s prehistory. In this context, it will be shown how he employed contemporary ideas based on social Darwinism, such as the development of social organization according to Bachofen, Morgan and Engels and the development of religion according to Frazer.
Features of physical development and physical qualities of 12–14 year old basketball players prepared for the game 3 x 3 basketball
Authors:   ", Bonev Martin ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo, Petrov Lyudmil , Petkova Miroslava
Published: November 2021

The aim is to explore the peculiarities of the physical development and physical qualities of 12–14- year-old basketball players preparing for the 3 x 3 basketball game. The tasks are limited to: Studying and analyzing the peculiarities of the physical development and physical qualities of 12–14-year-old basketball players, according to information sources. Development and approbation of a specialized methodology for teenage basketball players aged 12–14, practicing basketball 3 to 3. Establishing the influence of the applied methodology on the physical development and physical qualities of the young basketball players. Upon completion of the impact, the physical development of the experimental group of basketball and basketball players 3 x 3 using the methodology we use shows stability. The coefficient of variation (V) is less than 10% in the tests “Growth”, “Expansion Stage”, “Expansion Seating”, marks a homogeneity that confirms the assertion that the selection of basketball players in this group is appropriate. Regarding the physical qualities it is evident that for the strength of the upper and lower limbs is worked, as it has a credible improvement but generally this quality develops later in the boys due to the peculiarities of the male organism and the sensational periods, stronger development after 15-16 years of age. The same applies to speed-hopping options. There is a credible improvement in test results jumping length from spot and rebound height.
On the Relations between Russia, the Orthodox East and the Bulgarian Lands in the Period XV–XVII Century
Authors:   ", Goranchev Veselin ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

This publication presents information on the relations between Russia, the Orthodox East and Bulgarian lands in the 15th and 17th centuries. During the period under study, Russia was the only independent Orthodox state that gradually grew into an empire and naturally claimed the Byzantine heritage. The Russian rulers manifested themselves as major contributors to the Eastern churches within the Ottoman Empire. In this context, a number of high-ranking representatives of the Orthodox East have appealed for alms (assistance) to the Russian authorities. Some of these priestswere also acting as political agents and informants of the Moscow authorities.
PR, Journalism and Competition for Media Content Creation
Authors:   New Bulgarian University – Sofia, Bulgaria, Hristov Alexander
Published: November 2021

The text examines the main directions of contemporary interactions between PR and journalism in the country, which are leading to media content creation. In this context it is maintained that both journalism and PR activities can contribute to the creation of media content. Of course, at some point they compete with each other to achieve this goal, but good media content is achieved not only as a result of this competition, but also from the interaction between them.
The Theory of Post-Truth. Identification and Limitation of Fake News
Authors: Vasileva Maya
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the theoretical and research aspects of media interrelations among the phenomena of post-truth, fake news, populist statements, and the use of alternative facts in political communication. It conducts a comparative analysis of these concepts and analyzes illustrative examples from the media environment in which the terms operate in the same information discourse. The main focus is on two key academic empirical studies whose theoretical and empirical scholarly approaches point to the main thesis of this paper – that post-truth and fake news create an emotional context of information perception and that this is the basis on which consumers and voters shape their behavior, reactions, understandings and views.
Appositive Word Groups as an Instrument for Creating Fake News
Authors:   ", Getsov Anton ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The paper analyses the manipulative potential of one insufficiently-explored sentence part in Bulgarian syntax – the appositive, and also the appositive phrases, which are composed of a complement (object or subject complement) and the noun it describes. The paper also stresses the appositive word groups (constructions) that follow the ‘common noun+common noun’ model. The fact that word order in this type of appositive word groups has a role in changing the intention of communication and in creating – deliberately or not – fake news in media discourse is well supported and richly illustrated.
Chiefdom as a Phenomenon. III. 1. Chiefdom and the Chieftain Institution in its Potestary-political System: the “Classe of the Chiefs”, the Dual Chieftain Institution, the Paramount Chief
Authors:   ", Yordanov Stefan ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The main problem, discussed in the article, is the place the chief takes in the potestary-political system of the so-called chiefdom and the so-called early state. The starting point is the conception that the chief¬tain institution is a polyvariant phenomenon. The data of the cross-cultural analysis of the problem concerning the chieftain institution of the late tribal epoch, the epochs of politogenesis and of the early state, respectively, outline comparatively distinctly several categories of chiefs: firstly, the sacralized institution of the chiefs of the separate segments of the clans, delocalized in communities, i. e. the leaders of the separate structural sections of these tribal organization, still consisting of clans, organized on the principle of the classification kinship; secondly, the chiefs who were connected with the leadership in the primary age-set system, and thirdly, the category of chiefs, designated with the ethnological term bigman. It was on the basis of these three categories of chiefs on which the chieftain institutions of the epoch of politogenesis are formed, building the supreme sections of the potestary-political system of the so-called chiefdom: the category of the hereditary sacralized chief-(priest), the category of the military chiefs (which is their most general qualification), and the category of the so-called bigmen. It is the figures of these three categories of chiefs that stand out strongly in the pote¬stary-political system of the epoch of the politogenesis and determine their definition as chiefdom. Undoubtedly, the good knowledge of the chieftain institution with its categories will be of great help to the study of genesis of the monocratic institution. In the current research the attention is focused on a limited number of questions – the “class of the chiefs”, the supreme chieftain colleges and the binary chieftain institution, the paramount chief.
Varia: The european migration crisis in polish media discourse: concern, fear and anger
Authors:   Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland, Żak Waldemar
Published: November 2021

Migration is an objective process that promotes the global development and integration. At the same time, migration contains a lot of contradictions, the chief being the problem of social inclusion of one group and exclusion of another. Thus, migration is a process that has a strong potential for conflict. Modern mass media play a key role in this migration process. Media construct images of social groups and thus influence the formation of tolerant or intolerant attitudes in the society. In the media discourse, we can observe the cyclic arousing of the atmosphere of increased social anxiety and the focus of media attention on events defined as significant social problems. There are two discourse models of the migration process in mass media: the model of migration crisis (subjects of discourse are locals, journalists and authorities) and the model of pragmatic tolerance (subjects of discourse are employers and authorities). The article presents an analysis of the media discourse regarding the refugee crisis in terms of the structure of arguments and narratives of the parties involved in the media discussion. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the debate strategies appearing in the Polish media discourse concerning the problem of migration. The migration crisis of 2015 in Europe, and the accompanying media panic, have drastically changed the prevailing image of refugees among Polish people from stable positive to clearly negative. The Polish weekly magazines covers were analysed. This procedure enabled to recognise the argumentative strategies which had been applied in researched weekly magazines and to describe the differences between them when it comes to developing the migration problem. Extreme opinions are clearly seen particularly in Polish weekly magazines a cyberspace. Analyses of the „key moments” in the media discourse (fear, cursory knowledge of the foreign culture, emotionality, unreliable press reports, aggression towards Europeans, statements of politicians) facilitated the recreation of the phenomenon of media’s creating social fear around the subject of the migration crisis, and pointed to the nature of its irrationality, characteristic of moral panic. In an attempt to answer the question whether the media reporting on the problem of immigration create an effect of “simulated reality,” the author refers to rhetorical aspects of constructing images with persuasive features.
Difficulties in initial swimming education
Authors:   ", Koeva Parashkeva ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

Swimming education involves many difficulties connected to fear of deep pool and lack of foothold there are a lot of answers to the question “Why people can’t swim?” we tried to research the reasons for students inability to swim by doing a ques and analyzing the answers. The purpose of the study is to identify swim opportunities among students and the difficulties they encounter in the learning process. This requires the following tasks to be solved: 1. Development of a questionnaire. 2.Establishment of the navigable state of the students from the town of Veliko Tarnovo. 3. Identifying the main difficulties they encounter in initial swimming training. Methods – Questionnaire survey. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 26 girls of 10 years of age, of 24 girls of 12 years of age from “Em. Stanev”, to 42 students and 43 students from VTU“ St. ST. Cyril and Methodius”, Veliko Tarnovo.
Fake News Debunking and Counteractions – the Bulgarian Experience
Authors:   St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Bulgaria, Miteva Nadezhda
Published: November 2021

Careful and thorough fact-checking is a main tool for counteracting fake news, alternative facts and the context created in the Post-Truth Era. This paper examines the contemporary fact-checking mechanisms in the Bulgarian media environment. The methods applied are data analysis, interviews with proffessional journalists, a survey among media content users, and a case study. The research ws cnducted within the framework of the DCOST Project 01/10 – 04.07.2017 (project leader Prof. Lilia Raycheva), supported by the National Scientific Fund of Bulgaria, and developed within the Europpean Commission‘s Action IS 1404: Evolution of Reading in the Age of Digitization (E-READ).
Children’s art as document of the epoch
Authors:   ", Gurmidolova Mariana ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The children’s art occupies an important place in the cultural space. Each child’s drawing reflects the culture of an epoch and therefore it can be investigated as a special document. Historical events, rituals, traditions, habits, clothing – everything is demonstrated in the children’s artwork. The children’s art language has specific features. It is generalized, spontaneous, expressive and schematic. All these characteristics give us reason to talk about children’s visual meta-language. In order to interpret children’s drawings correctly, we must know the principles of the meta-language. Each child’s drawing is a source of information about the tangible and spiritual culture of an epoch. Very often the children’s drawings possess some of the qualities of the works of art, created by mature artists. However, children’s art has its own principles, specific qualities and methods of creativity and therefore it is given a sovereign place in the world of fine arts.
Varia: When Trying to Resolve Aggressive Conflicts Online, is it more Effective to Employ Counter-Speech, or is it more Effective to Remove the Aggressive Content?
Authors: Kalinov Bogomil
Published: November 2021

The terms and conditions for using social platforms and the Internet grow more complex as governments struggle to provide instruments that avoid employing censorship techniques to revoke free speech, but at the same time provide online users with a safe environment and shelter from experiencing abuse or aggressive behavior. This ethical dilemma has apparently split Europe into two contradicting schools of thought. In July 2017 a search to identify relevant publications on the topic of online moral disagreement was conducted on the “Communication and Mass Media Complete” electronic database. The objective of the search was to find articles related to the topic, published in English between 2015 and 2018 with access to the full text. This systematic literature review is the final product of the materials found.
Grain Market Integration in the Lower Danube Region (1829–1853)
Authors:   University ‘Dunãrea de Jos’ in Galai, Romania, Constantin Cristian
Published: November 2021

This paper explores the development of market integration within the Lower Danube region and Mediterranean deposit ports, from the 1830s to the 1850s. By the early 1830s, Danubian grain entered this commercial pattern, following the provisions of the Russian-Turkish Peace of Adrianople (1829). It granted the two Romanian Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia full freedom to pursue commerce and to navigate on the Danube, turning the ports of Brăila and Galaţi into important suppliers of grain on the European markets. In the following two decades, Danubian grain supplied the Mediterranean deposit ports, before a decisive shift took place following the repeal of the Corn Laws in Britain, when most of the Danubian wheat and maize was carried directly to the British archipelago. This paper refers to the conditions of grain production in the Romanian Principalities, to their foreign trade through the ports of Brăila and Galaţi and to the commercial houses and the merchants who mediated these trading relations between the Danube and the Mediterranean deposit ports.
140 Years from the Adoption of the First Bulgarian Health Act. Dimitar Petrov Mollov and the relationship “pedagogy–medicine”
Authors:   ", Grozdev Kalin ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The author dedicates the article to an important anniversary – 140 years since the adoption of the “Provisional Rules for the Sanitary Structure of the Principality of Bulgaria”. Dr. Dimitar Petrov Mollov is the main author of this law. He is an alumnus of Elena’s class school. He has worked as a teacher in the villages of Sadina, Kovachevets and Varbitsa, Popovo. He studied in Kiev and graduated there the Spiritual Seminary in 1867. He studied medicine at the Moscow University and brilliantly defends his dissertation on “Claud Bernard’s Chloroforming”, a major contribution to world anesthesiology. In the history of Bulgarian medicine, he has two first places: the first Bulgarian doctor to be awarded the Doctor of Medical Sciences in Russia and the first Bulgarian academic professor of surgery in Russia. He participated in the Serbian-Turkish war. After the Liberation, Dr. Mollov actively participates in political life and contributes greatly to building the foundations of Bulgarian culture and Bulgarian healthcare. He participates in the four consecutive wars: the Serbian-Turkish, the Liberation, the Serbian-Bulgarian and the Inter-Allied, and he performs the tasks assigned to him. Dr. Mollov was awarded with: Silver and Gold Cross, Serbian Silver Order for his participation in the Serbian- Turkish War 1876, Russian Order “St. Stanislav” – second degree and two orders“St. Alexander” – third degree (1883; 1886); Turkish Medjidis Order; Bulgarian Order for Civil Service –First Degree 1896.
Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on the Media Business in Bulgaria – Short-term and Long-term Perspectives
Authors:   ew Bulgarian University, Bulgaria, Postagian Kristian
Published: November 2021

The global COVID-19 pandemic has affected every aspect of life, including advertising and the media business. Brands have reduced their advertising budgets. Some media, such as television and the Internet, have increased their audiences, while others, such as print and out-of-home media, have experienced a negative trend. Adapting media content and flexibility to advertisers is the key to the survival of traditional media. New media platforms attract a significant audience and have a chance for sustainable development. The short-term and long-term perspectives for the media can be analyzed from different points of view. The dynamics of this process is obvious and the media business needs to be more flexible than ever before.
The Archbishopian Church and People’s C
Authors: of Tetovo and Gostivar YOSIF Metropolitan
Published: November 2021

Immediately after the proclamation of the autocephaly of the Macedonian Orthodox Church (MOC) at the Third Macedonian Church and People’s Council in Ohrid in 1967, in 1968, the Fourth Macedonian Church and People’s Council took place. In the years that followed, the Macedonian Orthodox Church did not hold a new churchpeople’s council. She did it only in October 1974 when the Fifth Macedonian Church and People’s Council was convened. After three years of that Council, in December 1977 the Sixth Macedonian Church and People’s Council of the Macedonian Orthodox Church was held. It is in the content of this paper that the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Macedonian ecclesiastical gatherings, i.e. the councils held in the period after the proclamation of autocephaly and in the years from 1968 to 1980, will be covered.
Average values and variability of the physical capacity indicators at 15 – 16-years old students
Authors:   NSA “Vassil Levski”, Bulgaria, Avramova Milena
Published: November 2021

The development of physical capacity determines the degree of adaptation of the organism to the environment, which in turn means that it depends on the condition of all other qualities of personality. In the lesson of physical education and sport, the motor activity manifests itself in the form of different motorized and structured actions. Their successful realization in practical activity depends on the level of knowledge of different technical techniques as well as on the special physical qualities which in their essence manifest themselves as exercises performed with different power In this report we have examined the question of physical capacity in students. The purpose of the development is to determine the variability of some physical fitness tests at 15–16 years from SU “D. Debelianov” in the town of Bourgas. Our objective assessment of the physical fitness of students at this age is an important prerequisite for an adequate correction of the scale for the control and assessment of adolescents at this age limit.
The Bulgarian Nobleman Ohtum
Authors:   St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Bulgaria, Popov Tervel
Published: November 2021

Ohtum was one of the most powerful Bulgarian nobles of the beginning of the 11th century. He controlled a large territory. He had many nobles, a sizeable army and a vast estate. Despite being under the rule of the Hungarian king Stephen I, Ohtum didn’t recognize his authority and acted like a ruler himself. For this reason, the Hungarians led a military campaign against him. The betrayal of Chanadin led to his death. Taking over his domain around 1028–1030, the Hungarians had wiped out one of the last remnants of the First Bulgarian tsardom.
The Heraldic Sign Tamgha of the Proto-Bulgarian Ruler’s Clan Dulo in its Representative Function
Authors:   BAS, Bulgaria, Dobrev Ivan
Published: November 2021

In essence and function, the heraldic sign tamgha of the Proto-Bulgarian ruler’s clan Dulo is a sign of ownership with one primary-basic function – the possession, and two secondary-derived and additional functions – the representative and the protective (apotropheic). Khan Asparuh ordered the tamgha of the Dulo clan to be carved on a suitable stone and to be built over the main gate of the Belgorod Fortress as a sign that there is a descendant of the Dulo clan, who is also a ruler, a khan of the entrusting Proto-Bulgarian tribes. He directed the repair of the Drustar fortress and ordered the tamgha of Dulo clan to be carved on the fortress walls. The wall in front of the village of Byala, Varna district is the last and the most southern wall that Khan Asparuh builds. On it the tamgha of the Dulo clan is carved between two Runic letters, so the whole inscription translates as The State of Dulo. The urns with the ashes of the khans and their wives from the First Bulgarian Kingdom are stored in a special pit into the most hidden underground tunnel connected to the palace of Khan Krum. The title канартигин is formed on the basis of the Proto-Bulgarian expression *каган-ирт- тикин, literally “prince-after-kagan”, i.e. “crown prince”.
Metastatic progression following multimodal therapy for unfavorable-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Guy David , Glicksman Rachel , Buckley Roger , Cheung Patrick , Chung Hans , Flax Stanley , Hajek David , Loblaw Andrew , Morton Gerard , Noakes Jeffery , Spevack Les , Chin Joseph , Rodrigues George
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Identifying the optimal management of unfavorable-risk (ProCaRS high intermediate-, high-, and very high-risk categories) non-metastatic prostate cancer is an important public health concern given the large burden of this disease. We compared the rate of metastatic progression-free survival among men diagnosed with unfavorable-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer who were initially treated with radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy.
Methods: Information was obtained from medical records at two academic centers in Canada from 333 men diagnosed with unfavorable-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer between 2007 and 2012. Median followup was 90.4 months. Men were eligible for study if they received either primary radiation therapy (n=164) or radical prostatectomy (n=169), in addition to various adjuvant and salvage therapies when deemed clinically appropriate. Patients were matched on prognostic covariates using two matching techniques. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) for metastatic progression-free survival between groups.
Results: After matching, treatment groups were balanced on prognostic variables except for percent core positivity. Hazard ratios from all Cox proportional hazards models (i.e., before and after matching, and with and without multivariable adjustment) showed no difference in the rate of metastatic progression-free survival between groups (adjusted unmatched HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.63, 2.13, p=0.64).
Conclusions: Metastatic progression-free survival did not differ between men diagnosed with unfavorable risk non-metastatic prostate cancer who were treated with either radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy.
Analysis of Trace Metal Concentration in Rainwater Samples Collected from Spatially Separated Coastal Cities Facing the South China Sea in Northern Sarawak, Borneo
Authors: Ninu MV Krishnan , Prasanna MV , Vijith H
Published: November 2021

A comparative analysis of trace metal (Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni and Co) concentration and physical parameters (pH, EC, TDS and DO) in rainwater samples collected from two major coastal cities in Malaysian Borneo (Sarawak state) were determined in the present research. Cumulative monthly rainwater samples were collected from the Limbang city and Miri city during October 2016–September 2017. Rainwater collected from the Limbang city shows slightly alkaline nature with a mean pH≥6.07 whereas the rainwater in Miri city is acidic(mean pH = 5.35). Trace metal concentration in rainwater collected from both locations shows slight variation. Mean concentration of trace metals in rainwater samples follows the decreasing order of Fe>Ni>Pb>Mn> Co>Cu>Zn>Cd and Fe>Ni>Pb>Mn>Zn>Co>Cu>Cd in Limbang city and Miri city respectively. Among the trace metals, Fe (1.09 and 0.98 mg/L) and Ni (0.15 and 0.13 mg/L) shows the highest mean concentration in rainwater samples collected from both locations and maximum concentration of trace metals are observed in rainwater samples collected from the Limbang city. Pearson’s correlation test explained the inter-relationship between the parameters whereas the factor analysis confirmed the contributing sources of trace metals (anthropogenic activities such as pollution from vehicles, petrochemical industries, forest biomass burning and dust particles from exposed land area) and its variation in the rainwater samples by showing a total variance of 80.18% with three factor components in the Limbang city and a variance of 93.11% with four factor components in Miri city. High Pb/Zn ratio also indicates the strong influence of anthropogenic activities present in the region. Backward air mass trajectory analysis supports the findings by indicating a contribution from combined marine and crustal sources of air mass trajectories reaching the sampling locations and is heavily controlled by prevailing monsoon characteristics of the region. Overall, it can be concluded that, the major source of trace metals in rainwater in this region is contributed by anthropogenic processes operated in the region.
Historyczny plac miejski od nowa: transformacja funkcjonalno-przestrzenna. Studium przypadku
Authors: Adamska Monika Ewa
Published: November 2021

Place miejskie to przestrzeń publiczna o szczególnym znaczeniu w tkance miast, to wnętrza urbanistyczne ogniskujące życie miast i pełniące funkcję „miejskich salonów”. Przełom wieków XX oraz XXI to dynamiczny okres przeobrażeń funkcjonalno-przestrzennych placów miejskich w Polsce w kierunku atrakcyjnej wizualnie przestrzeni publicznej o wysokiej estetyce rozwiązań i zróżnicowanym profilu funkcjonalnym. W artykule, opartym na metodologii studium przypadku, analizie poddano plac Mikołaja Kopernika
w Opolu o szczególnej historii, położeniu oraz znaczeniu w zurbanizowanej przestrzeni miasta. Celem badań jest przedstawienie zrealizowanej w latach 2017–2019 kompleksowej transformacji funkcjonalno-przestrzennej placu z odniesieniem do jego historii, chronologii wcześniejszych przeobrażeń oraz wiążących uwarunkowań. Plac Kopernika jako znaczące wnętrze urbanistyczne Opola nie został do tej pory objęty monograficznym opracowaniem, niniejszy artykuł jest próbą wypełnienia tej luki badawczej.
The digital transition of social security in Finland. Frontrunner experiencing headwinds?
Authors: Väänänen Niko
Published: November 2021

Digitalization transforms our societies in a profound way. Public administrations and social security institutions are at different stages in this process. Digitalization poses technological, legal, and organizational challenges. Finland has typically been a frontrunner in the adaptation of ICT technology. This case study critically assesses the current state-of-the-art in the field of digitalization in Finnish social security. The text singles out the projects that are on-going and those that are planned for the immediate future. The article shows that Finnish social security institutions have integrated digital processes into their operations, but legal and ethical challenges exist, especially in the use of artificial intelligence and automatic decision-making in social security.