ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT REFORMS IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE 1990S: PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, MERKULOV P.A. 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the development of agricultural companies as an anti-crisis management measure in the Russian Federation in the 1990s. The author analyzes the reform of anti-crisis management in the agro-industrial complex, and the development of agricultural companies in Orel region. The author notes that to restore the agro-industrial complex of the Orel region the work on cooperation and integration of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex was carried out in conditions of instability, falling production and extreme limited financial resources. As a result, 53 integration associations (agricultural companies) were established and conducted business in Orel region. The reasons for the lack of the planned effect of combining agricultural, industrial, commercial and service enterprises into one business entity are examined.
The author uses historical statistical, analytical and combined methods to study the practical implementation of anti-crisis management of the agro-industrial complex in the 1990s and identify problems in this process.
The author emphasized that the main shortcomings and some violations in the process of forming agricultural companies did not allow to achieve the desired effect; when creating agricultural companies, in most cases, petitions and notifications on the creation of these commercial organizations were not sent to the antimonopoly authorities or were sent in violation of the filing deadlines, without attaching the necessary documents; formation of authorized capitals of agricultural companies and property receipt also occurred in violation of the requirements of antimonopoly legislation; the absence of registration of real estate transactions provided for by law entailed a risk for creditors to declare these transactions invalid. Many problems were encountered with the transfer of lands to agricultural companies that were jointly owned by citizens, since they were once transferred to agricultural organizations for use under lease agreements. Agricultural organizations that became shareholders of agricultural companies and at the same time ceased their business activities were highly indebted. In the current situation, the most rational step was the creation of new business entities in the external management procedure, followed by the sale of a controlling stake to target buyers and the purchase of property of insolvent agricultural enterprises within the framework of bankruptcy proceedings. At the stage of formation and streamlining of economic activity in the 1990s, taxation of combined property was particularly difficult, the problem was non-agricultural taxation of newly created organisations.
As a result, the author identifies the main problems characteristic of the reforms carried out in the agro-industrial complex in the crisis situation of the 1990s. The author notes that a critical analysis and systematization of the accumulated experience of crisis management allow to develop effective methods of overcoming modern challenges and threats.