bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Baseline HbA1c With Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: Analyses From DECLARE-TIMI 58
Authors: Cahn Avivit , Wiviott Stephen D. , Mosenzon Ofri , Murphy Sabina A. , Goodrich Erica L. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , McGuire Darren K. , Wilding John P.H. , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A. M. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Sabatine Marc S. , Raz Itamar
Published: January 2022

Objective: Current guidelines recommend prescribing SGLT-2 inhibitors to patients
with type 2 diabetes and established or at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease (ASCVD), irrespective of HbA1c levels. We studied the association of
HbA1c with cardiovascular and renal outcomes and whether the benefit of dapagliflozin
varies by baseline HbA1c.

Methods: In the Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events (DECLARE)-TIMI 58 trial
17,160 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to dapagliflozin or
placebo for a median follow up of 4.2 years. Cardiovascular and renal outcomes
by baseline HbA1c in the overall population, and with dapagliflozin vs. placebo
in HbA1c subgroups were studied by Cox regression models.

Results: In the overall population, increasing HbA1c was associated with higher
risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure (CVD/HHF), major
adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; CVD, myocardial infarction, ischemic
stroke) and of the cardiorenal outcome (adjusted HR [95% CI] 1.12 [1.06-1.19], 1.08
[1.04-1.13] and 1.17 [1.11-1.24] per 1% increase respectively). Elevated HbA1c was
associated with an increased risk for MACE and for the cardiorenal outcome significantly
more in patients with multiple risk factors (MRF), vs. patients with established
ASCVD (P-interaction 0.0064 and 0.0093 respectively). Dapagliflozin led to a
decrease in the risk of CVD/HHF, HHF and the cardiorenal outcome vs. placebo
with no heterogeneity by baseline HbA1c (P-interaction >0.05).

Conclusions: High HbA1c levels were associated with greater cardiovascular
and renal risk, particularly in the MRF population, yet the benefits of dapagliflozin
were observed in all subgroups irrespective of baseline HbA1c, including
patients with HbA1c<7%.
Characterization of Symptoms and Symptom Clusters for Type 2 Diabetes Using a Large Nationwide Electronic Health Record Database
Authors: Brady Veronica , Whisenant Meagan , Wang Xueying , Ly Vi K. , Zhu Gen , Aguilar David , Wu Hulin
Published: January 2022

Purpose. A variety of symptoms may be
associated with type 2 diabetes and its complications. Symptoms in chronic
diseases may be described in terms of prevalence, severity, and trajectory and
often co-occur in groups, known as symptom clusters, which may be
representative of a common etiology. The purpose of this study was to
characterize type 2 diabetes–related symptoms using a large nationwide electronic
health record (EHR) database.

Methods. We acquired the
Cerner Health Facts, a nationwide EHR database. The type 2 diabetes cohort ( n = 1,136,301 patients) was identified
using a rule-based phenotype method. A multi-step procedure was then used to
identify type 2 diabetes–related symptoms based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revisions, diagnosis codes. Type 2 diabetes–related
symptoms and co-occurring symptom clusters, including their temporal patterns,
were characterized based the longitudinal EHR data.

Results. Patients had a
mean age of 61.4 years, 51.2% were female, and 70.0% were White. Among 1,136,301
patients, there were 8,008,276 occurrences of 59 symptoms.
The most frequently reported symptoms included pain, heartburn, shortness of
breath, fatigue, and swelling, which occurred in 21–60% of the patients. We also observed over-represented
type 2 diabetes symptoms, including difficulty speaking, feeling confused, trouble
remembering, weakness, and drowsiness/sleepiness. Some of these are
rare and difficult to detect by traditional patient-reported outcomes studies.

Conclusion. To the best of
our knowledge, this is the first study to use a nationwide EHR database to
characterize type 2 diabetes–related symptoms and their temporal patterns.
Fifty-nine symptoms, including both over-represented and rare diabetes-related
symptoms, were identified.
epistemologia implícita das práticas de ensino da matemática
Authors: Wichnoski Paulo , Ag Almouloud Saddo
Published: January 2022

Os autores apresentam respostas à seguinte questão: O que é fazer matemáticas? Para quem ensinar matemáticas no dia a dia, essa questão pode parecer um luxo, até mesmo um jogo um tanto livre e sem muito interesse.
Imaging and diagnostic accuracy of outpatient and inpatient hysteroscopy
Authors: Frolova Yu. S. , Yelgina S. I.
Published: January 2022

Aim. To compare the results of visualisation and diagnostic accuracy during outpatient and inpatient hysteroscopy in women with endometrial disease.

Materials and Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with uterine diseases who underwent outpatient hysteroscopy at Kemerovo City Clinical Hospital №4 (n = 300) or inpatient hysteroscopy within the hospitals (n = 300) in Kemerovo from 2018 to 2020. Confirmation of endometrial disease was carried out by manual vacuum aspiration.

Results. Indications, imaging, and diagnostic accuracy did not differ for most endometrial diseases in outpatient and inpatient hysteroscopy, yet inpatient hysteroscopy was the option of choice in women with infertility (p = 0.035). Diagnostic accuracy of outpatient and inpatient hysteroscopy was highly concordant, albeit outpatient hysteroscopy more often revealed adenomyosis and uterine malformation and less often identified endometrial polyps.

Conclusion. Outpatient and inpatient hysteroscopy are equally efficient, although outpatient hysteroscopy has its benefits in detecting adenomyosis and uterine malformation and be less informative in diagnosing endometrial polyps.
EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AFFECTED BY HUMAN INTELLIGENCE AND MEDIATED BY COMPETENCY
Authors: Juniarti Atty Tri , Setia Bayu Indra , Irwanti Irwanti
Published: January 2022

This research begins with the discovery of problems in employee performance. The problem in this study is the low performance of employees, which is indicated by low human intelligence and competence. This study aims to analyze how the influence of human intelligence on employee performance is mediated by competence. With a sample of 90 people, using path analysis data analysis techniques (Path Analysis), the results show that emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on competence by 32.95%. Also, emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on performance mediated by competence of 15.88%. Then, intellectual intelligence has a positive and significant effect on competence by 22.49%, while intellectual intelligence has a positive and significant effect on performance mediated by competence by 12.77%. Furthermore, spiritual intelligence has a positive and significant effect on competence by 7.31%, and spiritual intelligence has a positive and significant effect on performance mediated by competence by 2.62%. Then competence has a positive and significant effect on employee performance by 73.44%.
Cetrimonium Surfactants with Biologically Active Counter Ions as Self-Immolative Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Shah Syed Waqar Hussain , Bibi Iram , Yousaf Sabat
Published: January 2022

Novel derivatives of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) possessing anions of ibuprofen and naproxen as hydrophobic counterions were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared and differential electronic absorption spectroscopy. The self-assembly of each surfactant was investigated using surface tensiometry. The self-immolative nature of these compounds was analyzed through study of their behavior in response to trigger such as medium pH.  ADMET-SAR (adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity – structure-activity relationship) profiles of synthesized surfactants were generated using admetSAR v. 1.0). The cetrimonium drugs exhibited better profiles than the corresponding pure drugs, save the aqueous solubility which was reduced due to hydrophobicity of counterions.
Genetic Variation Analysis between Wild and Cultured Pangasianodon hypopthalmus Using COI and Cytochrome b Among Asian Countries
Authors: R Azmi Nik Azwarina , Ahmad Lyena Watty Zuraine , Kambol Roziah , Syed Mohamad Sharifah Aminah , Aris Farizan , Zakaria Nurul Aili , Mohamed Yunus Norfatimah
Published: January 2022

One of the top species in the aquaculture sector, known as striped catfish or Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, is an important and valuable freshwater fish in many countries. Due to the high demand for this species, their number has declined to "threatened" levels.  Hence, the purpose of this study is to analyse the genetic variation of wild and cultured striped catfish collected from five producers in Asian countries; Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, India, and Philippines, by using mitochondrial DNA partial region data sequence; CO1 and cytochrome b gene. Population analyses using 395 base pairs length for CO1 and 275 base pairs length of cytochrome b partial region nucleotide sequence have shown no significance difference between wild and cultured striped catfish. Vietnam species had shown a wide range of genetic distance of the intrapopulation compared with other countries in the range of 0.000-0.040 for CO1 gene and 0.003-0.008 for cytochrome b gene. The Neighbour-joining method has also been used to construct phylogenetic trees using CO1 gene; the tree formed few subclades with mixed populations, and the tree using cytochrome b showed only Vietnam species divided into a few sub-populations. For the other four countries, Thailand, Indonesia, India, and Philippines were in the same group. Hence, this study's findings may provide a reference for inter and intra-relationships of P. hypophthalmus that may help in the aquaculture activity of this striped catfish.
Improving the Photostabilization of Poly(vinyl chloride) Using 4-(benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonamide Tin Complex
Authors: Ghani Hassan , Yousif Emad , Kadhom Mohammed , Abdo Ahmed Waled , Yusop Muhammad Rahimi , Bufaroosha Muna
Published: January 2022

The photostabilization of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) film filled with an organotin complex in its structure was examined and compared with the blank PVC film. The organotin (IV) complex that contains 4-(benzylideneamino) benzenesulfonamide as a ligand was synthesized and applied as a PVC photostabilizer. The impact of the complex on the polymer was assessed by comparing the properties of the films with and without the complex, before and after irradiation, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, weight loss, viscosity change, atomic force microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Results showed that the complex film had lower weight loss, gel content, and molecular weight deterioration than the plain PVC film. Also, surfaces of the complexes-filled films were smoother, less lumpy, and more homogeneous. These findings were obtained via the FE-SEM and light microscope images and confirmed by measuring the roughness factor. The organotin (IV) complex proved its activity in delaying the photo-degradation of PVC by several mechanisms. Ultimately, the Tin complex has effectively protected the PVC film against irradiation.

The photostabilization of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) film filled with an organotin complex in its structure was examined and compared with the blank PVC film. The organotin (IV) complex that contains 4-(benzylideneamino) benzenesulfonamide as a ligand was synthesized and applied as a PVC photostabilizer. The impact of the complex on the polymer was assessed by comparing the properties of the films with and without the complex, before and after irradiation, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, weight loss, viscosity change, atomic force microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Results showed that the complex film had lower weight loss, gel content, and molecular weight deterioration than the plain PVC film. Also, surfaces of the complexes-filled films were smoother, less lumpy, and more homogeneous. These findings were obtained via the FE-SEM and light microscope images and confirmed by measuring the roughness factor. The organotin (IV) complex proved its activity in delaying the photo-degradation of PVC by several mechanisms. Ultimately, the Tin complex has effectively protected the PVC film against irradiation.
Charge – fixed and floating: Agnew and Another v. Commissioner of Inland Revenue, Privy Council (New Zealand), 5 June 2001 (the “Brumark” case) Charge and Hypothec as Functional Equivalents
Authors: Tamba Adrian
Published: January 2022

Our endeavour is dedicated to a few security devices. The first part of the current work is called “Words of Introduction”. The second portion takes into account a Privy Council case: Agnew and Another v. Commissioner of Inland Revenue, Privy Council (New Zealand), 5 June 2001 (the Brumark case). The third part briefly focuses on charge and mortgage. The fourth portion, in a succinct manner, describes the hypothec. The fifth and final part shows that charge and hypothec are functional equivalents.
El valor educativo de la Educación Deportiva: un análisis desde las teorías de Piaget y Kohlberg
Authors: Lara Torres Daniel , García López Luis Miguel , Reyes Martínez Lucía
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo pretende analizar las aportaciones que la Educación Deportiva (Siedentop, 1994) realiza al desarrollo mental, moral, social y emocional del alumnado. Para ello, se analizarán los elementos esenciales que componen el modelo, que son el sentimiento de pertenencia, la competición, la temporada, el evento culminante, el registro de datos y la festividad. De igual modo se analizan los roles principales que desarrollan los alumnos durante su puesta en práctica y los beneficios que supone para ellos. Cada uno de estos aspectos será estudiado en función de tres intervalos de edad correspondientes a Educación Primaria (de seis a ocho, de ocho a diez y de diez a doce años), a partir de las teorías del desarrollo de Piaget y Kohlberg, advirtiendo diferencias entre cada uno de los intervalos, obteniendo así los resultados óptimos en cada edad.
Historia y memoria del pasado reciente: análisis del Diseño Curricular de Educación Física para el Nivel Preescolar durante la última dictadura cívico-militar argentina
Authors: Mansi Daniela
Published: January 2022

El siguiente artículo porta como objetivo indagar sobre el Diseño Curricular de Educación Física para el Nivel Preescolar durante la última dictadura cívico - militar en Argentina. Dicho documento fue emitido en el año 1982 por la Secretaría de Educación de la Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Para ello, analizamos los componentes del documento curricular, particularizando la mirada en los objetivos del primer eslabón educativo y su fundamentación. A su vez, se realiza una relación con los objetivos generales del sistema educativo del período.

Como resultados preliminares, vemos que se manifiesta una pedagogía tecnicista y personalista de la Educación Física, desde las cuales se le atribuye la tarea de enseñar a hacer tareas motoras bajo un paradigma psicomotriz y desarrollista. Además, encontramos influencias de la Gimnasia Alemana. No obstante, se encuentran incoherencias entre la fundamentación de la Educación Física y los objetivos y actividades propuestas, los cuales se alejan de los conceptos de autonomía infantil y creatividad.
Licenciatura en Educación Física. Notas para problematizar la relación entre teoría y práctica en el Ciclo de Licenciatura extraordinaria en Educación Física
Authors: Rodriguez Norma Beatriz , Podesta Magali Belén
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza los saberes de la formación académica en el Ciclo Extraordinario de Licenciatura en Educación Física, dependiente del Departamento de Educación Física de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (FaHCE-UNLP). El estudio contempla los antecedentes históricos y el análisis del Plan de Estudios y de los seminarios que conforman la formación. Asimismo, examina la vinculación entre los trayectos de formación y los proyectos de investigación que surgieron a partir de la creación del Programa de Incentivos a los Docentes Investigadores de las Universidades Nacionales, a principios de la década de los noventa.
Alfredo López Austin y la gran renovación de los estudios sobre el México indígena
Authors: Escalante Gonzalbo Pablo
Published: January 2022

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Understanding Grit in the Workplace
Authors: Choi JinSoo , Lee SuRan , Sohn YoungWoo
Published: January 2022

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of Korean grit in the workplace. We conducted a cluster analysis to identify gritty workers' subgroups based on their work orientation(job, career, and calling). Organization-related variables such as organizational citizenship behavior, job crafting, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, workaholic, and intention to leave were used to explore potential group-specific differences. Among 361 Korean workers, the gritty worker group (n = 198) was selected based on the median score of grit. Our results show that gritty workers were subdivided into three groups: job-oriented grit(n = 44), neutral-oriented grit(n = 98), calling-oriented grit(n = 56). Calling-oriented grit scored mostly the highest in our study variables except intention to leave. However, job-oriented grit scored the highest in intention to leave, but mostly the lowest in the rest of the study variables. Our results suggest that not only grit but also their work orientation should be considered to improve understanding of grit in the Korean workplace.
The Effects of Intergenerational Harmony on Middle Aged Worker’s Knowledge Sharing Behavior
Authors: Han TaeYoung , Lee JinYeong
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the positive effect of middle-aged workers’ perception of generational harmony, based on the importance of organization-specialized knowledge accumulated during long tenure and recently raising generational conflict issue. In order to derive implications for the knowledge industry, the focus was on the impact on knowledge-sharing behavior, and the technical context middle-aged workers faces and individual differences faced were also tested to reveal interactional effects on knowledge-sharing behavior. Specifically, the moderating effect of ICT stress and goal orientation experienced by middle-aged workers was examined. To test the research model, data were collected from 284 middle-aged workers in their 40s or older working in various domestic organizations, and the collected data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. As a result of the study, it was found that the perception of generational harmony among middle-aged workers had a positive effect on knowledge sharing behavior. The moderating effect of ICT stress was also significant. The moderating effect of the mastery goal orientation was also found to be significant, but the pattern was different from that hypothesized in this study. This study suggests that the organization needs to explore the generational conflict problem and come up with a solution by clarifying the relationship between generational harmony and job behavior. Also, based on the research results, the theoretical significance and practical implications of this study are discussed, and limitations and future research tasks are presented.
The Effect of Work Overload on Cut-corner Behavior
Authors: Han TaeYoung , Lee JinUk
Published: January 2022

This study investigated in what context and climate employees engage in cut-corner behavior. Cut-corner is an organizational behavior aimed at reducing the use of individual or organizational resources by being flexible within one’s own standards. In this study, we focused on the pressure employees feel on their work and the perceived competition with colleagues. We primarily examined the effect of work overload as a major factor influencing cut-corner behavior. We also tested that promotion regulatory focus as individual variable and psychological competition as contextual factor that have interaction effects to cut-corner. We further examined that counterproductive climate as an environmental factor, and applied a multi-level methodology using reference-shift composition model from the counterproductive behavior. For analyses, We used data collected from 141 people from 37 teams of various organizations. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the work overload has a positive effects on the cut-corner. The promotion regulatory focus has no significant interaction effect between work overload and cut-corner, whereas the three-way interaction with psychological competitive (work overload × promotion regulatory focus × psychological competition) has significant effect. Cross-level analysis found significant interaction effects between work overload and counterproductive climate on cut-corner behavior. Implications and suggestions for future research were provided based on the findings.
¿Invisibles o invisibilizados? La COVID-19 y los solicitantes de refugio venezolanos en Perú
Authors:   Coordinadora de investigación, Equilibrium Centro para el Desarrollo Económico (Equilibrium CenDE), Castro Padrón Marta , Feline Freier Luisa ,   Profesora asociada de Ciencias Sociales y Políticas, Universidad del Pacífico (Lima, Perú)
Published: January 2022

Perú es el segundo país receptor de población venezolana, tras Colombia, y el primero en el mundo en recibir solicitantes de refugio de dicha nacionalidad. Este artículo explora cómo la COVID-19 ha impactado en las condiciones de vida de esta población en Perú. Asimismo, se analiza el papel del Estado peruano en la producción de la irregularidad y cómo esta condición agudiza la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica de la población venezolana. Los resultados reflejan la participación activa del Estado en la producción de dicha irregularidad, principalmente, por restringir el acceso al sistema de refugio y no considerar la aplicación de la definición ampliada de la Declaración de Cartagena sobre Refugiados de 1984, lo que ha provocado mayor vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, sobre todo durante la pandemia.
Cognitive and behavioral modernity in Homo erectus: skull globularity and hominin brain evolution
Authors: Clark Gary , Henneberg Maciej
Published: January 2022

In this article we provide evidence that evolutionary pressures altered the cranial base and the mastoid region of the temporal bone more than the calvaria in the transition from H. erectus to H. sapiens. This process seems to have resulted in the evolution of more globular skull shape – but not as a result of expansion of the brain in the parietal regions but of reduction of the cranial base and the mastoid region relative to the parietals. Consequently, we argue that expansion of the parietals seems to be unrelated to brain evolution, but is more a by-product of reduction in other regions of the skull, reduction that may be related to dietary factors. Additionally, these findings suggest that cognitive and behavioural modernity may not necessarily be dependent on brain shape. Also, it cannot be attributed to the change in brain size because H. erectus and modern human cranial capacities overlap substantially. Consequently, we suggest H. erectus possessed the full suite of cognitive adaptations characteristic of modern humans without possessing a globular skull with flared parietals. Our results also support the theory that paedomorphic morphogenesis of the skull was important in the transition from H. erectus to H. sapiens and that such changes may be related to both dietary factors and social evolution.
Human mitochondrial DNA diversity is compatible with the multiregional continuity theory of the origin of Homo sapiens
Authors: Eckhardt Robert B.
Published: January 2022

Confidence intervals for estimates of human mtDNA sequence diversity, chimpanzee-human mtDNA sequence divergence, and the time of splitting of the pongid-hominid lineages are presented. Consistent with all the data used in estimating the coalescence time for human mitochondrial lineages to a common ancestral mitochondrion is a range of dates from less than 79,000 years ago to more than 1,139,000 years ago. Consequently, the hypothesis that a migration of modern humans (Homo sapiens) out of Africa in the range of 140,000 to 280,000 years ago resulted in the complete replacement, without genetic interchange, of earlier Eurasian hominid populations (Homo erectus) is but one of several possible interpretations of the mtDNA data. The data are also compatible with the hypothesis, suggested earlier and supported by fossil evidence, of a single, more ancient expansion of the range of Homo erectus from Africa, followed by a gradual transition to Homo sapiens in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Financial and Non-Financial Aspects of Entrepreneurship - the Polish Perspective
Authors: PalimĄka Karolina
Published: January 2022

The phenomenon of entrepreneurship has various perspectives – economic, financial, social, and psychological. The aim of this paper is to present entrepreneurship from a perspective merging both financial and non-financial aspects of this phenomenon. The article presents two (complementary) aspects related to the phenomenon of entrepreneurship. One of the aspects described by author is the availability of financing for businesses in Poland (showing the issue in response to the most important obstacle to running a business), the other is shaping entrepreneurial attitudes. The section on sources of financing give an answer to the question of whether (and if so - to what extent) the problem of access to financing is a real barrier to starting a business in Poland. Presenting the perspective of students gives a new view on the subject and enables us to recognize factors that determine the decision to start a business among young people, knowledge of which may contribute to a change in attitudes towards setting up a business in Poland. Among the conclusions, the author mentions, inter alia, the need to strengthen entrepreneurial attitudes among students, especially due to the growing number of companies operating in Poland for reasons of positive motivation (such as improvement of the standard of living or independence). Moreover, the conducted analyses lead to the conclusion that new companies are financed primarily from their own resources, which discourages many from starting their own business.
ESR Chronology of Bedrock Fault Activity in Carbonate Area: Preliminary Results from the Study of the Lijiang-Xiaojinhe Fault, Southeastern Tibet, China
Authors: Yin Gongming , Liu Chunru , Yuan Renmao , Han Fei , Ding Rui , Bahain Jean-Jacques
Published: January 2022

Carbonated rocks constitute one of the main lithologies of the southeastern Tibet area, China, a tectonically very active zone. However, due to the lack of suitable dating materials, it is difficult to carry out chronological studies of the local tectonic evolution in such carbonate areas. In the present study, electron spin resonance (ESR) method had been applied on the dating of carbonates heated during fault activity of the Lijiang-Xiaojinhe (LX) Fault, an important active fault located in the northwest of Yunnan Province. Clear displaced landforms show that the fault has undergone strong late-Quaternary activity. During the fault activity, the heat produced by friction lead to the melting of the frictional surface of the rocks, and the melting can attenuate or zero the ESR dating signal of carbonate. The aim of the present paper was to check the ability of carbonate use to chronologically identify fault activity using electron spin resonance (ESR) method. The results showed the last fault activity of the LX fault was dated by ESR about 2.0±0.2 ka ago, in agreement with historical and radiocarbon data. Hence ESR can be if necessary a practicable dating alternative method for the study of fault activity chronology in carbonate rock area.
Characterization of Mishrif Formation Reservoir in Amara Oil Field, Southeast Iraq, Using Geophysical Well-logging
Authors: Fadel Asmaa Talal , Nasser Madhat E.
Published: January 2022

Reservoir characterization requires reliable knowledge of certain fundamental properties of the reservoir. These properties can be defined or at least inferred by log measurements, including porosity, resistivity, volume of shale, lithology, water saturation, and permeability of oil or gas. The current research is an estimate of the reservoir characteristics of Mishrif Formation in Amara Oil Field, particularly well AM-1, in south eastern Iraq. Mishrif Formation (Cenomanin-Early Touronin) is considered as the prime reservoir in Amara Oil Field. The Formation is divided into three reservoir units (MA, MB, MC). The unit MB is divided into two secondary units (MB1, MB2) while the unit MC is also divided into two secondary units (MC1, MC2). Using Geoframe software, the available well log images (sonic, density, neutron, gamma ray, spontaneous potential, and resistivity logs) were digitized and updated. Petrophysical properties, such as porosity, saturation of water, saturation of hydrocarbon, etc. were calculated and explained. The total porosity was measured using the density and neutron log, and then corrected to measure the effective porosity by the volume content of clay. Neutron -density cross-plot showed that Mishrif Formation lithology consists predominantly of limestone. The reservoir water resistivity (Rw) values of the Formation were calculated using Pickett-Plot method.
Analysis of Climate Parameters as Indicators of Climate Changes in Central and Eastern Iraq: Khanaqin Climate Conditions as A Case Study
Authors: Ibrahim Ismail Ahmed , Al-Dabbas Moutaz
Published: January 2022

The climate parameters of rainfall, and average of maximum and minimum temperature were investigated for the period of 2000-2019 in three stations in central and eastern Iraq (Baghdad, Diyala, and Kut provinces). Evidence of climate change was noticed from the results, reflected by decreased mean values of annual rainfall with increased mean of maximum and minimum temperature. In addition, the water balance and the climatic conditions were determined for Khanaqin station for the years 1981-2019. The analysis of Khanaqin climate parameters demonstrated total annual mean values of rainfall of 260.86mm and evaporation of 3119.59mm. The mean monthly relative humidity was 46.65%, sunshine was 8.39h/day, temperature was 23.36Co and wind speed was 1.86m/sec. Water surplus was recorded in Khanaqin area, with values of (24.00mm) (34.18mm) (40.31mm) (28.83mm) and (19.92mm) in November, December, January, February and March respectively. The climate classification of Khanaqin area indicated semi dry and dry climates. Moreover, the region has water deficit that reached up to 43.56 % of the total rainfall values.
A Review on Security and Privacy Issues in IoT Devices
Authors: Mohammed Saleem Kurda Reben , Abdullah Haje Umran , Hussein Abdulla Muhamad , Mohammed Khalid Zhwan
Published: January 2022

In our everyday lives, the IoT is everywhere. They are used for the monitoring and documentation of environmental improvements, fire safety and even other useful roles in our homes, hospitals and the outdoors. IoT-enabled devices that are linked to the internet transmit and receive a large amount of essential data over the network. This provides an opportunity for attackers to infiltrate IoT networks and obtain sensitive data. However, the risk of a loss of privacy and security could outweigh any of these benefits. Many tests have been carried out in order to solve these concerns and find a safer way to minimize or remove the effect of IoT technologies on privacy and security practices in order to protect them. The issue with IoT devices is that they have small output modules, making it impossible to adapt current protection methods to them. This constraint necessitates the presentation of lightweight algorithms that enable IoT devices. In this article, investigated the context and identify different safety, protection, and approaches for securing components of IoT-based ecosystems and systems, as well as evolving security solutions. In addition, several proposed algorithms and authentication methods in IoT were discussed in order to avoid various types of attacks while keeping the limitations of the IoT framework in mind. Also discuss some hardware security in IoT devices.
Toplam Getiri Yerine Fiyat Getirisi Kullanılmasının Varlık Fiyatlama Modelleri ve Portföy Seçimi Üzerine Yapılan Çalışma Sonuçlarına Etkisi
Authors: CAYİRLİ Omer , KAYALIDERE Koray , AKTAŞ Hüseyin
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada, varlık fiyatlama modelleri ve portföy seçimi gibi konularda çalışırken, finans teorisinin varsayımlarına aykırı olarak, toplam getiriler yerine fiyat getirilerinin kullanılmasının analiz bulgularına etkisi incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın veri setini Borsa İstanbul’da yer alan ulusal 100 endeksi ve altı alt endekse ilişkin 2006:1-2020:12 dönemi günlük veriler oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, fiyat getirisi kullanılmasının portföy seçiminde temettüverimi düşük varlıklar lehine, yüksek olanlar aleyhine yanlılığa neden olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Toplam getiri içerisinde fiyat getirisinin payının, tahmin edilen betalar üzerinde de etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, fiyat getirisi kullanılarak oluşturulan varlık fiyatlama modellerinde, modellerin geçerliliğine yönelik testlerin hatalı çıkarımlara yol açabileceği gösterilmiştir. En az bunlar kadar önemli bir sonuç ise, zaman içerisinde sektör betalarının belirgin derecede değişiklik göstermesidir. Yapılacak çalışmalarda bu olgunun dikkate alınması önerilmektedir. Çalışmamızın sonuçları finansal ekonomi alanındaki çalışmalar için olduğu kadar, özellikle muhasebe bilgilerinin önemini hisse getirilerini ve/veya sermaye maliyetini kullanarak inceleyen muhasebe alanındaki çalışmalar için de önem arz etmektedir.
Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Governance, and Corporate Financial Performance
Authors: Gunawan Juniati , Pratiwi Devica
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to analyze the influence of corporate social responsibility disclosures (CSRD) by corporate governance (CG) as a moderating variable on corporate financial performance (CFP). The CSRD were measured by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) items and CG practices were evaluated by the Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI). The sample of 108 annual reports from 2011 to 2014, which were listed in the ‘Indonesia Most Trusted Companies Awards’ were analyzed through 2012 to 2015 SWA magazine. The moderated regression test was applied to analyze the corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) to CFP, moderated by CG. The CFP were proxied by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). This study reveals that CSRD has a significant positive influence to the company's ROA and ROE, and CG has been found weakening the relation between CSRD in influencing the ROA and ROE.
THE INFLUENCE OF FRAUD TRIANGLE UPON THE EXISTENCE OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD
Authors: Hermawati Lutfiana , Murtanto Murtanto
Published: January 2022

This research is designed to find empirical evidence on the influence of fraud triangle factors upon the existence financial  statement fraud in Indonesian Listed companies. The research samples are 105 public companies consisting 42 fraud firms and 63 non fraud firms. Classification between fraud firm and non fraud firm uses the Eckel index.The result indicate that: first, the external pressure variable that proxied by debt, personal need variable that proxied by insiders’ stock ownership,and CEO’s education, and inefective monitoring variable taht proxied by unexistence antifraud program and training have positive significant influence to the existence of financial statement fraud. Second, the personal financial need variable taht proxied by CEO’s Tenure, the inefective monitoring variable that proxied by unexistence whistleblowing program, and rationalization variable that proxied by auditor change have negative significant to the existence of financial statement fraud. Third, simultaneously all independent variables have an influence to the existence of financial statement fraud. Keywords: financial statement fraud, income smoothing, fraud triangle.
Measuring Employee Performance through Emotional Intelligence with Gender Perspective
Authors: Yusnita Maya , Hamsani Hamsani , Kolina Dilla Augustine
Published: January 2022

This study was motivated by the fact that performance achievement at BKKBN (The National Population and Family Planning Board) of Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2016-2018 was less than standard. This study investigated the effect of emotional intelligence and gender on employee performance of BKKBN of Bangka Belitung Islands Province. A quantitative descriptive study was used to collect data from 49 employees who were selected by saturated sampling technique. Data were analysed by using SPSS software. The findings show that emotional intelligence has positive and significant effect on employee performance. From gender perspective, there is no difference between the performance of male and female employees.
Business Environment Strategy: Is Sale Through Online System Important? A SWOT Analysis Approach
Authors: Prananta Widya , Wijaya Angga Pandu
Published: January 2022

PT PELNI builds online system ticket sales as a solution to improve its services.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the procedure for online ticket sales at PT PELNI and formulate strategies that should be selected companies in the implementation of the system using a SWOT analysis diagram.
Purposive sampling conducted to obtain a respondent answer. The sample in this study was 12 employees of PT PELNI Semarang, 16 ticket sales agents, each agent as many as three people.
This study employs primary and secondary data to analyze. Methods of data collection using questionnaires. PT PELNI’s strategy was adding branch office and ticket sales agents. Whether also expanded marketing networks and socialization systems online. It would be market segmentation in cooperation with PT POS in purchasing tickets ship online. Also could perform integrated communication between the PT PELNI center, a branch, and sales agents for make improvements of the online system’s way to organize and strengthen the existing network, purchasing tickets through the PT PELNI’s website.
Corporate Social and Financial Performance in Chemical Industry in the United States
Authors: Rahman Md. Jahidur , Luo Yuyang
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporation financial performance (CFP) and corporate social performance (CSP). This study uses return on assets (ROA) to measure corporate financial performance. We use two different measurement strategies independently to measure corporate social performance: (a) KLD index as perceptual CSP measure strategy; (b) Percentage change in waste produced by the corporation (TRI index) as behavior CSP measure strategy. Using the sample of 123 U.S chemical firms from 2009-2018, this paper finds that KLD index has a significantly positive association with CFP, while TRI index is not significantly associated with CFP. Meanwhile, this paper also finds that seven individual dimensions of CSP are significantly related to CFP except for the environment dimension. The result expands the importance of CSP measurement methods from cross-industry research to single industry research and contributes to the CSP individual dimensions literature.
Workplace Friendship and Teacher Citizenship Behaviour, The Moderating Role of Workplace Jealousy: An Empirical Analysis of Senior High Schools in Ghana
Authors: Naail Mohammed Kamil , Owusu Saeed Mohammed , Zakari Mariama , Azinga Samuel Awuni
Published: January 2022

The present study examines the effect of workplace friendship on teacher citizenship behaviour, moderated by workplace jealousy among senior high schools in Ghana. The study employs a quantitative research approach, whereby 384 respondents were sampled from among 22 public owned institutions in the Kumasi metropolis, using a simple random sampling technique. Employing Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, the surveyed data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0. All three (3) hypotheses in this study were supported. In particular, the study found that workplace friendship has a significant and positive effect on teacher citizenship behaviour; workplace jealousy has a significant and positive effect of teacher citizenship behavior; and workplace friendship interacting with workplace jealousy has a significant but very weak effect on teacher citizenship behaviour. It can be noted that, hypotheses two (2) of this study which is positively and significantly supported, seem different from that of previous studies with data from different countries. The perception of workplace jealousy from the Ghanaian context is perceived positive and quite different from that of other countries due to differences in historical and cultural backgrounds. Higher education institutions may derive enormous benefits from the findings of this study. Several implications to theory and practice were discussed.
Green Building Assessment In Shopping Buildings
Authors: Samosir David Kiki Baringin Maruli Tua
Published: January 2022

Research on green building in terms of accounting science is still rare. This research aims to explore the benchmarks and criteria for green building in its application to multi-storey buildings and to contribute to increasing the efficiency of building operational costs.The method used in this research is through exploration of data from questionnaires collected using simple arithmetic techniques and graphic techniques in summarizing the observational data. The number of respondents who responded to the questionnaire that was run until this data was processed was 111 respondents.The results of this study indicate that the application of green building benchmarks can be said to have been implemented because the average percentage of respondents who answered Yes was 58.4% or above the standardization used in this study, namely 57% (gold rank).This research provides theoretical implications, which is able to strengthen the theory of the reliability of accounting. One of them is green accounting, which is the triple bottom line (planet, people and profit). In order that implementation of green building which has been applied only from the civil engineering condition of the building, the art of building architecture and the electrical engineering of the building, but now it has begun to be calculated regarding advantages and disadvantages similarly the benefit of the green building .From a micro economics (organizational) point of view, this research contributes to educating property business and stakeholders that green building is not object that is expensive although is a solution for cost efficiency. People can distinguish the price of green buildings and ordinary buildings.
Are The Banks on The Way of Sustainability Reporting Practices: From A Developing Country Perspective?
Authors: Chakraborty Brishti
Published: January 2022

This study examines the extent and nature of social, economic, and environmental reporting practices of Bangladeshi-listed banks. Using content analysis technique, Information was gathered from the available annual reports of 25 banks from 2014 to 2019. Findings revealed that overall reporting of environmental information has increased by 47% from 2014 to 2019, whereas overall social reporting has increased by 30% from 2014 to 2019. Again, we tried to explore sustainability reporting practices of these banks considering 26 categories too, where the first 12 categories are used to identify environmental accounting and reporting practices and the rest 14 for social and economic reporting. The findings of 26 categories of sustainability reporting reflect that social, economic, and environmental reporting has increased greatly by 74.90% in 2019.  Most of the banks disclosed mostly about energy consumption (D6) from environmental reporting while economic social (D16), education, and training (D18), health and safety (D19) and culture (D20) from social perspectives and least about activities undertaken for tree plantation (D3) from an environmental perspective. This study has great implications for the policymakers of the corporate sector and government.
A Probabilistic Model for the Distribution of GDP per Capita in NUTS 3 Zones of Europe
Authors: Rodriguez-Avi José
Published: January 2022

A macroeconomic indicator of productivity and economic development, used to obtain information on the economic and social conditions of a country, is the GDP per capita, which is also used as an indicator of social welfare. By construction it can be used directly to compare areas of interest. It is an indicator of great variability to which it is difficult to assign a probabilistic model to describe its distribution. In fact, it usually appears as a strongly asymmetric and frequently multimodal variable, which directly indicates a strong non-normality. In this work we propose to deal with the problem of finding a probabilistic model for this variable through the estimation of a model of finite mixtures of normal distributions. As an application example, we present the model obtained through the finite mixture for GDP per capita data from the NUTS 3 zones in the nomenclature of the European Union, EU countries and neighbouring countries. Thus, the model is estimated, its validity is checked and the results obtained are analysed, both for the GDP per capita variable and as a function of the countries to which the studied areas belong.