bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATENÇÃO À PESSOA COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA NA REDE PÚBLICA DE SAÚDE: A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS PROTOCOLOS E LINHA DE CUIDADOS
Authors: Teles de Moraes Maria Gabriela , De Holanda Pereira Camilla , Júnior Tôrres Leonel Adilson , Ramos Passos Melissa , Da Silva Gonzaga Aline Manuelle , Araujo Juliana Claudia , Gonçalves Carvalho Jheinnyffer , Costa André Luiz
Published: August 2023

O direito à saúde no Brasil tem migrado para uma busca de formulação de políticas públicas visando garantir a autonomia e ampliação do acesso à saúde, em especial, visando a melhora nas condições de vida das pessoas com deficiência. Sendo assim, o presente artigo objetiva analisar a legislação e protocolos existentes no que diz respeito aos indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (TEA), bem como as políticas públicas que visam avanços e melhorias no acolhimento e qualidade de vida dessa parcela da população. As pessoas diagnosticadas com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (TEA) geralmente possuem características específicas que compõem o padrão de reconhecimento da doença, como por exemplo, padrões de comportamento restritivos e repetitivos, deficiência de comunicação, dificuldade de interagir, expressar emoções, entre outros. Ao analisar a legislação, o ordenamento jurídico pátrio instituiu pela Lei nº 12.764, de 27 de dezembro de 2012 a Política Nacional de Proteção da Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo. Desse modo, atualmente tem se criado diversos protocolos para estudos e criação de linhas de cuidado para as pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista. Não obstante, a rede pública de saúde não dispõe, em muitos casos, do tratamento adequado, se fazendo necessário a intervenção do judiciário para garantia dos direitos fundamentais escupidos na Constituição Federal.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PARIDADE DE PREÇOS COM O MERCADO INTERNACIONAL E A POLÍTICA DE PREÇOS DA PETROBRAS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Reis Della Torre Lucas , Morais de Paula Isabella , Nogueira de Souza Nicole , Duarte Rezende Ednei
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o impacto da modificação do modo de calcular o preço dos combustíveis pela Petrobras, compreendendo a importância do alinhamento aos preços praticados pelo mercado internacional, conhecido pela sigla PPI (Paridade de Preços Internacionais), para lucratividade da empresa e os reflexos para os acionistas. A governança corporativa da empresa é diretamente afetada pela ideologia econômica do governo federal do momento, compreender a ótica que ortodoxos e heterodoxos tem da função social e de mercado da Petrobras, e os reflexos dessas posturas para a população brasileira que tem sua cesta de consumo diretamente afetada, é também parte fundamental deste trabalho. A partir dos exemplos históricos das modificações realizadas na Petrobras e os impactos positivos e negativos gerados para o consumo das famílias, custo dos transportes, e para o custo Brasil, foram propostos os impactos da modificação anunciada em 2023 para o modo de precificação.
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của hàm lượng xi măng và loại đất đến một số tính chất cơ lý của vật liệu đất nện
Authors: Nguyễn Tiến Dũng
Published: August 2023

Đất nén không nung nói chung và đất nện nói riêng là một loại vật liệu xây dựng thân thiện với môi trường và đang được đẩy mạnh nghiên cứu, ứng dụng tại nhiều nước trên thế giới. Bài báo này trình bày một số đặc tính cơ lý của vật liệu đất nện gia cố xi măng bao gồm: cường độ chịu nén, cường độ ép chẻ và độ hút nước. Hai loại đất có thành phần hạt, thành phần khoáng vật khác nhau đã được sử dụng. Đất nện được gia cố bằng xi măng poóc lăng hỗn hợp PCB30 với hàm lượng dao động trong khoảng 4-8% (theo khối lượng của đất). Thành phần vật liệu của đất nện được thiết kế theo nguyên lý độ ẩm tối ưu và khối lượng thể tích khô lớn nhất. Các kết quả thí nghiệm cho thấy khi tăng hàm lượng xi măng thì các tính năng cơ học của đất nện được cải thiện đáng kể và độ hút nước giảm xuống. Sự khác nhau về thành phần hạt và thành phần khoáng vật của 2 loại đất là yếu tố ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến các đặc tính cơ lý của 2 loại đất nện này. Các kết quả của nghiên cứu này góp phần làm giàu thêm cơ sở khoa học cho việc sử dụng loại vật liệu này trong các công trình xây dựng tại Việt Nam
Utilizing artificial neural networks to anticipate early-age thermal parameters in concrete piers
Authors: Hoàng Việt Hải , Đỗ Anh Tú , Phạm Đức Thọ
Published: August 2023

Recently, researches have been used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict the early-age thermal cracking of rectangle piers. But ANN has not resulted for different types of concrete piers. This article presents an evaluation of the early-age thermal characteristics of mass concrete piers with four distinct cross-sectional shapes. A finite element (FE) model was employed to estimate the maximum temperature, thermal stress, and cracking potential of the concrete pier at its early age. To investigate the impact of various pier geometries on the thermal cracking potential, different pier geometries were considered. In this study, an ANN model was utilized to predict the maximum temperature and decrease the risk of cracking in mass concrete piers at early age. The database of thermal mass concrete piers used in this study comprises 128 results obtained from the FE model. The results of the analysis indicate that the ANN model can predict early-age thermal parameters, and cracking risk in early-age concrete piers with good accuracy and help to the designer to choose the appropriate size in minimizing cracks on the pier concrete.
Nghiên cứu đặc trưng ngọn lửa và xác định áp suất khí trong khoang cháy của máy đốt nóng mặt đường
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Dũng , Nguyễn Bính
Published: August 2023

Máy đốt nóng mặt đường sử dụng nguồn nhiên liệu khí gas để đốt nóng tấm gốm sau đó bức xạ nhiệt xuống mặt đường làm mềm hóa lớp bê tông nhựa (BTN) phục vụ quá trình sửa chữa mặt đường. Tuy nhiên để nâng cao hiệu quả của ngọn lửa trong khoang cháy và tránh cho ngọn lửa đốt trực tiếp xuống mặt đường thì cần phải nghiên cứu các thông số đặc trưng của ngọn lửa phù hợp với kết cấu khoang cháy của máy. Bài báo trình bày hai vấn đề: một là nghiên cứu đặc trưng của ngọn lửa khí gas trong khoang cháy để xác định mối quan hệ giữa chiều dài và nhiệt độ ngọn lửa; hai là tính các tổn hao áp suất trong quá trình đốt nhiên liệu để xác định áp suất thực tế của hỗn hợp khí cháy trong khoang cháy của máy đốt nóng mặt đường. Đây là cơ sở khoa học cho việc xác định các thông số để thiết kế bộ phận đốt nhiên liệu của máy đốt nóng mặt đường.
Advances in the biostratigraphy of Paleogene larger benthic foraminifera
Authors: Kaminski Michael A. , Briguglio Antonino
Published: August 2023

Introduction
A new definition of the Paleocene Shallow Benthic Zones (SBP) by means of larger foraminiferal biohorizons, and their calibration with calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy
Authors: Papazzoni Cesare Andrea , Fornaciari Beatrice , Giusberti Luca , Simonato Michela , Fornaciari Eliana
Published: August 2023

Three key Paleocene deep-sea sections cropping out in northern Italy contain intercalations of calciturbiditic, larger foraminifera-bearing beds derived from shallow water environments. The reconstructed Southern Alps record obtained by splicing the three sections allowed a direct correlation of the shallow benthic SB and calcareous nannofossils CN Zones, leading new data about the Shallow Benthic biozonation for the Danian-Thanetian interval and proposing four new SBP (Shallow Benthic Paleocene) Zones (SBP1-4). Such revision relies on an innovative biostratigraphic approach based on larger foraminiferal biohorizons instead of marker species according to the traditional approach used since the introduction of the SB Zones. Based on our study, the SBP1/SBP2 boundary turns out to be about 2 Ma after the K/Pg crisis, highlighting a quite fast recovery of the complexity among foraminifera.
Home Security and Alerting System
Authors: Mane Vijay , P Sai Avinash , Salway Hrishikesh , Sardey Chaitanya , Satpute Harsh , Salunke Tejal
Published: August 2023

People have always been quite concerned about security. Security issues have existed since the beginning of time, and there is never enough security. With the rise in theft, robbery, and other criminal activity, it is always a concern to ensure the safety of one's possessions when leaving one's home. Home security systems are needed for occupants' convenience and safety. There are numerous automatic devices available that can alert the home's owner from any intrusion or attempted intrusion. This paper presents the solution to the faced problem, The implemented system uses the GSM module, relevant sensors, and integration with the Arduino. The system utilizes the sensor to detect any malpractices and hazards and then send the alert with the coordinates of the victim's place to the nearest fire control department or the police forces at the time of need. The implemented system acts as a prototype but displays prominent results in the field of security.
Comparative evaluation of tourism resources and young entrepreneurial potential of Cordoba, Eskişehir, and Treviso
Authors: MERT Yeliz , GÜNAY Semra , EKİNCEK Sema , ÖZGÜR GÖDE Merve , YENİLMEZ Ismail , YAYLA Önder , ACITAŞ Şükrü , RUİZ LEAL Jesús Blas , AKARSU Handan
Published: August 2023

The tourism sector plays a pivotal role in the economies of many nations, significantly bolstering national incomes by paving the way for new employment opportunities. A prime avenue for employment within the tourism sector is entrepreneurship, fundamentally viewed as a process of value creation. For budding tourism entrepreneurs, possessing a deep understanding of a region's tourism resources and activity hubs is paramount. Against this backdrop, this research seeks to juxtapose the tourism resource potential of Cordoba, Eskişehir, and Treviso for aspiring entrepreneurs. In the study's initial phase, a comprehensive database detailing the tourist attractions of these cities was crafted under the Erasmus+ project titled "Anti-Fragile Young Entrepreneurs for Sustainable Rural Tourism: Yes for Rural Tourism." Concurrently, the volume of tourists frequenting these regions was ascertained. Utilizing this database, standout labels within the tourism sectors of Cordoba, Eskişehir, and Treviso were pinpointed using "Word Cloud" analysis. This method effectively highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of the tourism landscapes in each province. Ultimately, this research endeavors to provide a roadmap for young tourism entrepreneurs and bolster the efforts of fellow researchers.
Creating an Innovative Blueprint for Barangay Development
Authors: Solloso, Marlon C.
Published: August 2023

This study is focused on the augmentation, extension, and enrichment of knowledge pertaining to the design of a new development plan for Barangay Babuyan in Carrascal, Surigao Del Sur. The central emphasis is placed on the intricate interplay between person-environment relationships, particularly concerning the innovative facilities being designed, notably housing. Through a comprehensive approach, the researchers executed a survey in line with the guidelines established by the Municipal Planning and Development Council (MPDC) of Carrascal.
As per the MPDC, the designated relocation site encompasses a total area of 100,000 square meters, with each unit boasting a floor space of 48 square meters and an accompanying lot area of 100 square meters. The proposed project involves multifaceted considerations encompassing critical elements such as road network layout, housing design, electrical and water storage tank plans, drainage systems, and provisions for open spaces. This endeavor integrates a range of methodologies including surveying, on-site investigation, data collection, formulation of a novel barangay development plan, and comprehensive cost estimations. The development of a meticulously designed plan stands as a pivotal solution that addresses various aspects of community growth. This design, projected to efficiently accommodate the entire barangay, is rooted in the observation of a positive 2.33% average population growth rate from 1990 to 2015. Furthermore, the chosen relocation site holds the advantage of being hazard-free, exhibiting low susceptibility to landslides. The newly conceptualized barangay development plan is characterized by an easily accessible road network featuring a width of 6 meters. This network is illuminated by energy-efficient 100W solar LED street lights. In tandem, the plan includes a 3.50m x 3.50m water storage tank and an 8m x 6m house design encompassing a bedroom, living area, kitchen, and shared bathroom. The culmination of this proposed study is marked by its high level of acceptance, as it fulfills the requisites set forth by the Local Government Unit (LGU) and is aligned with the aspirations of the residents
ApaI and Fok1 Variants of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Among Jordanian Women
Authors: Atoum Manar Fayiz
Published: August 2023

Objectives: The association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome (MS) remains debatable. The current study aimed to determine the correlation of VDR gene polymorphisms with MS among Jordanian women.Methods: This case-control study enrolled 100 women with MS and 100 age-matched women as control at Al-Hikma Modern Hospital in Jordan between January 2019 and January 2020. The levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) were determined from serum samples of all participants. DNA was extracted from whole blood samples, and VDR gene polymorphisms Apa1, Taq1,Bsm1, and Fok1 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: There was a significant difference between MS patients and control in terms of body mass index (34.3±3.1 vs. 28.1±2.5), glycated hemoglobin (5.9±1.1 vs. 4.6±1.2), fasting blood glucose (6.4±1.6 vs. 5.2±1.4), and total cholesterol (6.5±1.2 vs. 5.3±1.8). The results also demonstrated a statistical difference in the number of MS patients and control with 25(OH)D deficiency (69.0 vs. 33.0), 25(OH)D insufficiency (25.0 vs. 42.0), and 25(OH)D sufficiency (6.0 vs. 25.0) (p < 0.001). MS was significantly associated with VDR polymorphisms among Apa1 and Fok1 genes. The genotype distribution for CC (47.0% vs. 53.0%; p=0.002) and CA (37.0% vs. 45.0%; p=0.001) genotypes among Apa1 VDR polymorphism, as well as among TT genotype (38.0% vs. 20.0%; p=0.025) among Fok1VDR gene polymorphism significantly differed between MS patients and healthy individuals. However, no associations were detected among Taq1 and Bsm1 VDR genotypes. Conclusions: VDR gene polymorphism of Apa1 and Fok1 variants may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome among Jordanian women.
The Effects of Using Spin Wheel Media on Counting Ability of Tunagrahita Students
Authors: Machdarini Machdarini , Hidayat Luqman
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of spin wheel media on the counting ability of tunagrahita students in class IV at SLB Negeri 2 Yogyakarta. This study used the one-group pre-test-post-test research method. Data collection in this study used written tests, and data analysis methods used non-parametric statistical data analysis techniques with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (Wilxocon marked rank test) with the help of SPSS version 20. The results of Z value = -2.236 with Asymp Sig were obtained from the analysis results obtained in this study. (2-tailed) 0.025, which is below 0.05. From these results, it can be interpreted that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted at an initial significance of 5%. Therefore, the hypothesis in this study, "There is an effect of using rotating wheels on the numeracy skills of tunagrahita students in class IV at SLB Negeri 2 Yogyakarta" can be accepted as true. So, this study can be concluded that there is an effect of using spin wheel media on the counting ability of grade IV tunagrahita students at SLB Negeri 2 Yogyakarta.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE
Authors: Bubanz Leonardo dos Reis , Corrêa Marcelo Tiago Balthazar , Pinho Silvia Teixeira de , Fernandes Daiana Evangelista Rodrigues , Farias Edson dos Santos
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar as características das variáveis sociodemográfica, comportamentais e da Covid-19 com os domínios e associar os domínios com as variáveis sociodemográfica, comportamentais e da Covid-19 à qualidade de vida (QV) em profissionais da saúde de cinco unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) de Porto Velho/RO, 2021. Estudo de delineamento transversal com 85 profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se um questionário contendo o instrumento WHOQOL-bref e perguntas sobre características sociodemográficas. Após análise descritiva, realizou-se regressão linear simples e múltipla para avaliar a associação entre as variáveis de exposição e os domínios da QV. As piores percepções de QV foram associadas aos domínios físicos e psicológicos à moradia de aluguel; a percepção de saúde com domínios físicos, psicológicos, relações social e meio ambiente; a atividade física menos duas vezes semanal o físico, psicológico e meio ambiente; não sair USF o físico e psicológico; sexo feminino as relações sociais (p<0,05). São necessários esforços para a melhoria da QV nos profissionais que atuam nas UBS, por meio de ações promovidas pelos gestores públicos. Essas ações podem trazer benefícios e refletir positivamente na qualidade de vida desses profissionais pelos atores envolvidos no cenário da Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Adjunctive MRI in the diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum in major placenta previa: incidence, risk factors, and maternal morbidity
Authors: Shaamash Ayman Hussien , AlQasem Mehad H. , Al Ghamdi Deama S. , Mahfouz Ahmed A. , Eskandar Mamdoh A.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Antenatal assessment of maternal risk factors and imaging evaluation can help in diagnosis and treatment of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) in major placenta previa (PP). Recent evidence suggests that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could complement ultrasonography (US) in the PAS diagnosis.

OBJECTIVES:

Evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and maternal morbidity related to the MRI diagnosis of PAS in major PP.

DESIGN:

A 10-year retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:

Tertiary care hospital.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We report on patients with major PP who had cesarean delivery in Abha Maternity and Children's Hospital (AMCH) over a 10-year period (2012-2021). They were evaluated with ultrasonography (US) and color Doppler for evidence of PAS. Antenatal MRI was ordered either to confirm the diagnosis (if equivocal US) or to assess the depth of invasion/extra-uterine extension (if definitive US).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Risk factors for PAS in major PP and maternal complications.

SAMPLE SIZE:

299 patients

RESULTS:

Among 299 patients, MRI confirmed the PAS diagnosis in 91/299 (30.5%) patients. The independent risk factors for MRI diagnosis of PAS in major PP included only repeated cesarean sections and advanced maternal age. The commonest maternal morbidity in major PP with PAS was significantly excessive intraoperative bleeding.

CONCLUSION:

MRI may be a valuable adjunct in the evaluation of PAS in major PP, but not as a substitute for US. MRI may be suitable in major PP/PAS patients who are older and have repeated cesarean deliveries with equivocal results or suspected deep/extra-uterine extension on US.

LIMITATION:

Single center, small sample size, lack of complete histopathological diagnosis.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Człowiek, społeczeństwo i przestrzeń – analiza porównawcza strategii ilustrowania przekazów na temat walki z ubóstwem w Chinach w anglo- i chińskojęzycznym serwisie Chinadaily.com.cn w latach 2016-2021
Authors: Miao Yan
Published: August 2023

25 lutego 2021 r. Chiny oficjalnie zadeklarowały zwycięstwo w walce z ubóstwem wdrażanej w latach 2012-2020, czyli pokonanie skrajnej biedy na terenie swojego kraju. Rozpropagowanie tego programu oraz jego realizacji wśród społeczności międzynarodowej stanowiło przy tym istotny wątek storytellingu w dyplomacji publicznej Chin, w której media i możliwość przekazu określonych treści za ich pośrednictwem, odgrywają kluczową rolę. W artykule przedstawione są wyniki porównawczej analizy zawartości ilustracji towarzyszących relacjom na temat chińskiego programu walki z ubóstwem, opublikowanych w latach 2016-2021 w anglo- i chińskojęzycznym serwisie portalu Chinadaily.com.cn, który jest największym chińskim anglojęzycznym portalem informacyjnym. Wyniki przeprowadzonego badania wskazują na odmienne strategie ilustrowania przekazów przyjęte przez redakcję China Daily w prezentowaniu badanego wątku odbiorcom zagranicznym oraz rodzimym. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają na wskazanie różnic w sposobie ilustrowania polityki likwidacji ubóstwa w obu serwisach, a także identyfikację wizerunku tej polityki, który Państwo Środka chce przekazać światu za pośrednictwem mediów.
Nowa odsłona chińskiej dezinformacji – rosnąca zbieżność z rosyjskimi taktykami a pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Dobrowolska Julia
Published: August 2023

Dezinformacja nie jest zjawiskiem nowym, jednak niewątpliwie coraz powszechniejszym, stanowiącym zagrożenie zarówno dla współczesnych społeczeństw, jak i państw demokratycznych. Celem artykułu jest analiza ewolucji chińskiej dezinformacji, która stała się wyraźna od chwili wybuchu pandemii COVID-19, oraz skonfrontowanie jej z rosyjskim odpowiednikiem. Artykuł przedstawia wcześniejszą, defensywną praktykę Pekinu w kontekście rozprzestrzeniania dezinformacji, polegającą na poprawie wizerunku Chin za pomocą pozytywnych przekazów dotyczących państwa. Szczególna uwaga została poświęcona zmianie chińskiego podejścia od czasu pandemii COVID-19 na bardziej ofensywne, korzystające z rosyjskich metod i narzędzi dezinformacyjnych. Przedstawiono m.in. obecność chińskich dyplomatów na Twitterze w duchu wolf-warrior diplomacy, działania Pekinu w USA, Afryce i Europie oraz chińskie narzędzia wpływu, takie jak TikTok. W artykule analizuje się także podobieństwa i różnice pomiędzy chińską i rosyjską dezinformacją, zwracając uwagę na słabe i mocne strony obu państw w kontekście prowadzenia operacji wpływów. Biorąc pod uwagę stosunkowo małą wiedzę na temat chińskich kampanii dezinformacyjnych, szybkość uczenia się oraz ogromny potencjał Chin w postaci zróżnicowanych narzędzi wpływu, zarówno online, jak i offline, można stwierdzić, że chińska dezinformacja będzie coraz potężniejszym narzędziem wykorzystywanym przez ten kraj na arenie międzynarodowej.
TELHADO VERDE: UMA IDEIA SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Bonifácio Pedro Lúcio , Cintra Ricardo
Published: August 2023

O movimento da sociedade em direção à sustentabilidade impactou significativamente a indústria de coberturas. A intenção do movimento de sustentabilidade é incentivar o uso e o desenvolvimento de opções ecologicamente corretas. Na área de coberturas, isso é conseguido com a instalação de produtos que fornecem serviço de longo prazo com opções de renovabilidade e serviço de baixo custo. À medida que a regulamentação aumenta, os fabricantes estão se voltando mais para produtos com foco “verde”. Esses produtos são duráveis, ecológicos e econômicos. Este artigo analisa as evidências sobre telhados ecológicos e sua importância no contexto sustentável. Enfatiza-se o potencial para melhorar a função do telhado verde ao compreender as interações entre seus elementos do ecossistema, especialmente as relações entre meios de cultivo, biota do solo e vegetação, e as interações entre a estrutura da comunidade e o funcionamento do ecossistema. Pesquisas adicionais sobre a tecnologia de telhados verdes devem avaliar a eficácia dos telhados verdes em comparação com outras tecnologias com fins semelhantes e, em última instância, focar em estimativas de benefícios agregados em escalas de paisagem e em análises de custo-benefício mais holísticas. A metodologia da pesquisa foi realizada por coleta de dados de maquetes experimentais com relação ao tema proposto.
Predicting photooxidant concentrations in aerosol liquid water based on laboratory extracts of ambient particles
Authors: Ma Lan , Worland Reed , Jiang Wenqing , Niedek Christopher , Guzman Chrystal , Bein Keith J. , Zhang Qi , Anastasio Cort
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Aerosol liquid water (ALW) is a unique reaction medium,
but its chemistry is poorly understood. For example, little is known of
photooxidant concentrations – including hydroxyl radicals (⚫OH), singlet
molecular oxygen (1O2*), and oxidizing triplet excited states of
organic matter (3C*) – even though they likely drive much of ALW
chemistry. Due to the very limited water content of particles, it is
difficult to quantify oxidant concentrations in ALW directly. To predict
these values, we measured photooxidant concentrations in illuminated aqueous
particle extracts as a function of dilution and used the resulting oxidant
kinetics to extrapolate to ALW conditions. We prepared dilution series from
two sets of particles collected in Davis, California: one from winter (WIN)
and one from summer (SUM). Both periods are influenced by biomass burning,
with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the extracts ranging from 10 to 495 mg C
 L−1. In the winter sample, the ⚫OH concentration is
independent of particle mass concentration, with an average value of 5.0 (± 2.2) × 10−15 M, while in summer ⚫OH increases
with DOC in the range (0.4–7.7) × 10−15 M. In both winter
and summer samples, 3C* concentrations increase rapidly with particle
mass concentrations in the extracts and then plateau under more
concentrated conditions, with a range of (0.2–7) × 10−13 M.
WIN and SUM have the same range of 1O2* concentrations, (0.2–8.5) × 10−12 M, but in WIN the 1O2* concentration
increases linearly with DOC, while in SUM 1O2* approaches a
plateau. We next extrapolated the relationships of oxidant formation rates and sinks
as a function of particle mass concentration from our dilute extracts to the
much more concentrated condition of aerosol liquid water. Predicted ⚫OH
concentrations in ALW (including mass transport of ⚫OH from the
gas phase) are (5–8) × 10−15 M, similar to those in
fog/cloud waters. In contrast, predicted concentrations of 3C* and
1O2* in ALW are approximately 10 to 100 times higher than in
cloud/fogs, with values of (4–9) × 10−13 M and (1–5) × 10−12 M, respectively. Although ⚫OH is often considered
the main sink for organic compounds in the atmospheric aqueous phase, the
much higher concentrations of 3C* and 1O2* in aerosol liquid
water suggest these photooxidants will be more important sinks for many
organics in particle water.
Increasing numerical stability of mountain valley glacier simulations: implementation and testing of free-surface stabilization in Elmer/Ice
Authors: Löfgren André , Zwinger Thomas , Råback Peter , Helanow Christian , Ahlkrona Josefin
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This paper concerns a numerical stabilization method for free-surface ice flow called the free-surface stabilization algorithm (FSSA). In the current study, the FSSA is implemented into the numerical ice-flow software Elmer/Ice and tested on synthetic two-dimensional (2D) glaciers, as well as on the real-world glacier of Midtre Lovénbreen, Svalbard. For the synthetic 2D cases it is found that the FSSA method increases the largest stable time-step size at least by a factor of ten for the case of a gently sloping ice surface (3°), and by at least a factor of five for cases of moderately to steeply inclined surfaces (6° to 12°) . Furthermore, the FSSA method increases the overall accuracy for all surface slopes. The largest stable time-step size is found to be smallest for the case of a low sloping surface, despite having overall smaller velocities. For Midtre Lovénbreen the FSSA method doubles the largest stable time-step size, however, the accuracy is in this case slightly lowered in the deeper parts of the glacier, while it increases near edges. The implication is that the non-FSSA method might be more accurate at predicting glacier thinning, while the FSSA method is more suitable for predicting future glacier extent. A possible application of the larger time-step sizes allowed for by the FSSA is for spin-up simulations, where relatively fast changing climate data can be incorporated on short time scales, while the slowly changing velocity field is updated over larger time scales.
Fire-precipitation interactions amplify the quasi-biennial variability of fires over southern Mexico and Central America
Authors: Liu Yawen , Qian Yun , Rasch Philip J. , Zhang Kai , Wang Yuhang , Wang Minghuai , Wang Hailong , Yang Xiu-Qun
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Fires have great ecological, social, and economic impacts. However, fire prediction and management remain a challenge due to a limited understanding of their role in the Earth system. Fires over southern Mexico and Central America (SMCA) are a good example, which greatly impact local air quality and regional climate. Here we report that the spring-peak (Apr–May) fire activities in this region have a distinct quasi-biennial signal based on multiple satellite datasets measuring different fire characteristics. The variability is initially driven by the quasi-biennial variations of precipitation. Composite analysis indicates that strong fire years correspond to suppressed ascending motions and weakened precipitation over the SMCA. The anomalous precipitation over the SMCA is further found to be mostly related to the East Pacific-North Pacific (EP-NP) pattern two months previous to the fire season. The positive phase of EP-NP leads to enhanced precipitation over the eastern US yet suppressed precipitation over SMCA, similar to the spatial pattern of precipitation difference between strong and weak fire years. Meanwhile, the quasi-biennial signals in precipitation and fires appear to be amplified by their interactions through a positive feedback loop on short timescales. Model simulations show that in strong fire years, more aerosol particles are released and transported downstream over the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern US, where suspended light-absorbing aerosols warm the atmosphere and cause ascending motions of the air aloft. Subsequently, a compensating downward motion is formed over the fire source region and ultimately suppresses precipitation and intensifies fires. Statistical analysis shows the different duration of the two-way interaction, where the fire suppression effect by precipitation lasts for more than 20 days, while fire leads to a decrease in precipitation at shorter time scales (3–5 days). This study demonstrates the importance of fire-climate interactions in shaping the fire activities on interannual scale and highlights how precipitation-fire interactions at short timescales contribute to the interannual variability of both fire and precipitation.
Earthquake contributions to coastal cliff retreat
Authors: Bloom Colin K. , Singeisen Corinne , Stahl Timothy , Howell Andrew , Massey Chris
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Modeling suggests that steep coastal regions will experience increasingly rapid erosion related to climate-change-induced sea level rise. Earthquakes can also cause intense episodes of coastal cliff retreat, but coseismic failures are rarely captured in the historical record used to calibrate most cliff retreat forecast models. Here, we disaggregate cliff-top retreat related to strong ground motion and non-seismic sources, providing a unique window into earthquake contributions to multidecadal coastal cliff retreat. Widespread landsliding and up to ca. 19 m of coastal cliff-top retreat occurred in the area of Conway Flat during the 2016 Kaikōura (New Zealand) earthquake despite relatively low (ca. 0.2 g) peak ground accelerations. While coastal cliff-top retreat has been spatially and temporally variable over the historical record, aerial imagery suggests that large earthquake-induced landslide-triggering events disproportionately contribute to an average 0.25 m yr−1 retreat at Conway Flat. The 2016 Kaikōura earthquake represents ca. 24 % of the total cliff-top retreat over 72 years and ca. 39 % of cliff-top retreat over 56 years. Additionally, we infer that significant retreat between 1950 and 1966 is the result of local seismicity. Together these two events account for ca. 57 % of cliff-top retreat over 72 years. Earthquake-related debris piles at the base of the cliffs have been rapidly eroded since the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake (more than 25 % loss of debris volume in 5 years), and there will likely be little evidence of the earthquake within the next decade. In regions with similar lithologic and coastal conditions, evidence of past widespread single-event cliff-top retreat may be limited or non-existent. The results demonstrate that cliff-top retreat projections using historical records may significantly underestimate true retreat rates in seismically active regions.
Bayesian parameter inference in hydrological modelling using a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo approach with a stochastic rain model
Authors: Ulzega Simone , Albert Carlo
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Stochastic models in hydrology are very useful and widespread tools for making reliable probabilistic predictions. However, such models are only accurate at making predictions if model parameters are first of all calibrated to measured data in a consistent framework such as the Bayesian one, in which knowledge about model parameters is described through probability distributions. Unfortunately, Bayesian parameter calibration, a. k. a. inference, with stochastic models, is often a computationally intractable problem with traditional inference algorithms, such as the Metropolis algorithm, due to the expensive likelihood functions. Therefore, the prohibitive computational cost is often overcome by employing over-simplified error models, which leads to biased parameter estimates and unreliable predictions. However, thanks to recent advancements in algorithms and computing power, fully fledged Bayesian inference with stochastic models is no longer off-limits for hydrological applications.
Our goal in this work is to demonstrate that a computationally efficient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm with a timescale separation makes Bayesian parameter inference with stochastic models feasible. Hydrology can potentially take great advantage of this powerful data-driven inference method as a sound calibration of model parameters is essential for making robust probabilistic predictions, which can certainly be useful in planning and policy-making. We demonstrate the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo approach by detailing a case study from urban hydrology. Discussing specific hydrological models or systems is outside the scope of our present work and will be the focus of further studies.
Gait analysis algorithm for lower limb rehabilitation robot applications
Authors: Zheng Li , Song Tao
Published: August 2023

Abstract. When patients with lower limb dyskinesia use robots for
rehabilitation training, gait parameters are of great significance for
disease diagnosis and rehabilitation evaluation. Gait measurement is usually
carried out by using optical motion capture systems, pressure plates and so
on. However, it is difficult to apply these systems to lower limb
rehabilitation robots due to their high price, limited scope and wearing
requirements. At the same time, most of the current applications in robots
focus on the basic gait parameters (such as step length and step speed) for
robot control or user intention recognition. Therefore, this paper proposes
an online gait analysis algorithm for lower limb rehabilitation robots,
which uses a lidar sensor as the gait data
acquisition sensor. The device is installed on the lower limb rehabilitation robot, which not only avoids the problems of decline in the detection
accuracy and failure of leg tracking caused by lidar placement on the
ground, but it also calculates seven gait parameters, such as step length, stride length, gait cycle and stance time, with high precision in real time. At the
same time, the walking track of the patient may not be straight, and the
lidar coordinate system is also changed due to the movement of the lower
limb rehabilitation robot when the patient moves forward. In order to
overcome this situation, a spatial parameter-splicing algorithm based on
a time series is proposed to effectively reduce the error impact on gait
spatiotemporal parameters. The experimental results show that the gait
analysis algorithm proposed in this paper can measure the gait parameters
effectively and accurately. Except for the swing time and double support
time, which are calculated with large relative errors due to their small
values, the relative errors of the remaining gait parameters are kept below
8 %, meeting the requirements of clinical applications.
Modelling Antarctic ice shelf basal melt patterns using the one-layer Antarctic model for dynamical downscaling of ice–ocean exchanges (LADDIE v1.0)
Authors: Lambert Erwin , Jüling André , van de Wal Roderik S. W. , Holland Paul R.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. A major source of uncertainty in future sea level projections is the ocean-driven basal melt of Antarctic ice shelves. While ice sheet models require a kilometre-scale resolution to realistically resolve ice shelf stability and grounding line migration, global or regional 3D ocean models are computationally too expensive to produce basal melt forcing fields at this resolution on long timescales. To bridge this resolution gap, we introduce the 2D numerical model LADDIE (one-layer Antarctic model for dynamical downscaling of ice–ocean exchanges), which allows for the computationally efficient modelling of detailed basal melt fields. The model is open source and can be applied easily to different geometries or different ocean forcings. The aim of this study is threefold: to introduce the model to the community, to demonstrate its application and performance in two use cases, and to describe and interpret new basal melt patterns simulated by this model. The two use cases are the small Crosson–Dotson Ice Shelf in the warm Amundsen Sea region and the large Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf in the cold Weddell Sea. At ice-shelf-wide scales, LADDIE reproduces observed patterns of basal melting and freezing in warm and cold environments without the need to re-tune parameters for individual ice shelves. At scales of 0.5–5 km, which are typically unresolved by 3D ocean models and poorly constrained by observations, LADDIE produces plausible basal melt patterns. Most significantly, the simulated basal melt patterns are physically consistent with the applied ice shelf topography. These patterns are governed by the topographic steering and Coriolis deflection of meltwater flows, two processes that are poorly represented in basal melt parameterisations. The kilometre-scale melt patterns simulated by LADDIE include enhanced melt rates in grounding zones and basal channels and enhanced melt or freezing in shear margins. As these regions are critical for ice shelf stability, we conclude that LADDIE can provide detailed basal melt patterns at the essential resolution that ice sheet models require. The physical consistency between the applied geometry and the simulated basal melt fields indicates that LADDIE can play a valuable role in the development of coupled ice–ocean modelling.
Historical snow and ice temperature observations document the recent warming of the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Vandecrux Baptiste , Fausto Robert S. , Box Jason E. , Covi Federico , Hock Regine , Rennermalm Asa K. , Heilig Achim , Abermann Jakob , van As Dirk , Bjerre Elisa , Fettweis Xavier , Smeets Paul C. J. P. , Kuipers Munneke Peter , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Brils Max , Langen Peter L. , Mottram Ruth , Ahlstrøm Andreas P.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The surface melting of the Greenland ice sheet has been increasing over the last decades due to Arctic atmospheric warming. Surface melt depends on the energy balance which includes the atmospheric forcing but also the thermal budget of the snow, firn and ice near the ice sheet surface. We present a compilation of more than 4500 measurements of ice, snow and firn temperature at 10 m below the surface (T10m) across Greenland spanning from 1912 to 2022. The measurements are either instantaneous or monthly averages. We train an Artificial Neural Network model (ANN) on these observations, weighted by their relative representativity, and use it to reconstruct T10m over the entire Greenland ice sheet. We use 10 year averages and mean annual values of air temperature and snowfall from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset (1950–2022) as model input. The ANN indicates a Greenland-wide positive trend of T10m at 0.2 °C decade-1 during the 1950–2022 period, with a cooling during 1950–1985 (-0.3 °C decade-1) followed by a warming during 1985–2022 (+0.7 °C decade-1). Regional climate models HIRHAM5, RACMO2.3p2 and MARv3.12 show mixed results compared to the observational T10m dataset with mean differences ranging from -0.4 °C (HIRHAM) to 1.3 °C (MAR) and root mean squared differences ranging from 2.8 °C (HIRHAM) to 4.7 °C (MAR). The corresponding values for the ANN are -0.2 °C and 1.7 °C. The observation-based ANN also reveals an underestimation of the subsurface warming trends in climate models for the bare ice and dry snow areas. The subsurface warming brings the Greenland ice sheet surface closer to the melting point, reducing the amount of summer energy input required for melting. Our compilation documents the response of the ice sheet subsurface to atmospheric warming and will enable further improvements of models used for ice sheet mass loss assessment and reduce the uncertainty in projections.
Evidence of radionuclide fractionation due to meltwater percolation in a temperate glacier
Authors: Di Stefano Elena , Baccolo Giovanni , Clemenza Massimiliano , Delmonte Barbara , Fiorini Deborah , Garzonio Roberto , Schwikowski Margit , Maggi Valter
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The article discusses the use of 3H and 137Cs as temporal markers in ice cores extracted from temperate glaciers. We present a complete tritium (3H) profile for a 46 m ice core drilled from Adamello glacier, a temperate glacier in the Italian Alps, and compare it to 137Cs profile from the same ice core. Our analysis reveals contamination of tritium between 19 and 32 m of depth, which can be attributed to the worldwide radioactive contamination caused by atmospheric nuclear bomb testing in the 1950s and 1960s. Results show that the radioactive peak associated with 1963 is not coincident for 3H and 137Cs, but the 3H peak occurs 1.5 m above the 137Cs one. This misalignment is caused by meltwater-induced postdepositional processes that affect 137Cs, which is more sensitive to percolation than 3H. The total inventory of 137Cs in this ice core is also among the lowest ever reported, providing additional evidence that meltwater disturbed its distribution into the ice. On the contrary, the total tritium inventory is comparable to what is reported in literature, making it a more reliable temporal marker for temperate glaciers.
Composition and Structure of the Entomofauna of Ferula (Ferula kuhistanica) in Different Sections of the Zarafshan Ridge
Authors: KHALIMOV Fazlitdin , RAKHIMOV Mukhammadtuichi , KHAMZAEV Rafik , ABDULLAEV Erkin , USANOV Ulugbek
Published: August 2023

The article analysis the species composition of the entomofauna of the Kuhistan ferula (Ferula kuhistanica) in different parts of the Zarafshan ridge. The study revealed 115 species of insects belonging to 92 genera, 48 families, and eight orders. The identified species belong to the following orders: Thysanoptera (1 species), Neuroptera (3 species), Homoptera (1 species), Hemiptera (17 species), Coleoptera (36 species), Lepidoptera (5 species), Hymenoptera (14 species) and Diptera (38 species). By the nature of the relationship with the ferula, the entomofauna is divided into six ecological groups. Phytophages, including four ecological groups, accounted for 36.5% (42 species), pollinators 49.6% (57 species) and entomophagous 13.9% (16 species). A comparative analysis of the diversity of entomofauna in different parts of the Zeravshan Range was carried out, and a dendrogram of the similarity of the entomofauna of the studied territories was compiled. The horizontal and vertical isolation of the entomofauna was revealed. The most peculiar in the composition is the entomocomplex of ferula on the highest site of Saridukon. The daily activity of pollinating insects was analysed.
New a species as parasitoid of the apple ermine month Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller, 1838 (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) in the Çoruh Valley, Erzurum Province, Türkiye
Authors: NARMANLIOĞLU Haluk Kemal , ÇORUH Saliha
Published: August 2023

The current study aimed to determine parasitoids of Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller, 1838 (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) in apple trees in the Çoruh Valley, Erzurum Province, Türkiye during 2019-2020 summer. The parasitoids associated with Y. malinellus were reared in a laboratory, with a total of 137 individual parasitoids emerging from family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Among the identified species Trieces facialis (Thomson, 1887), Itoplectis tunetana (Schmiedeknecht, 1914) and Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus, 1758) were determined as pupal parasitoid. Of these, Trieces facialis has been obtained from Y. malinellus our country first time and also is new for the Turkish Ichneumonidae fauna. In this study of the Çoruh Valley, the mean parasitism rate was %27.4.
Scanning Electron Microscope Studies on Ornamentation of Egg Chorion of Capissa vagesa (Moore, 1859) (Erebidae) and Trabala vishnou (Lefèbvre, 1827) (Lasiocampidae) (Ditrysia: Lepidoptera) from India
Authors: KALEKA Amritpal Singh , JALLUNDHARA Sainika , KAPOOR Yachana
Published: August 2023

The eggs of Capissa vagesa (Moore, 1859) and Trabala vishnou (Lefèbvre, 1827) from the families Erebidae and Lasiocampidae were examined and characterized under scanning electron microscope. Significant morphological traits on the eggshells of both analyzed species are presented in current study. Descriptions and comparative morphological assessments for both species of these moths are provided, in addition to the structural complexity of the eggs uncovered throughout the course of this study. This study showed that ultrastructural egg chorion features investigated in the current study i.e., shape of Micropylar rosette, polygonal cells, number of micropyles and aeropyles have high taxonomic significance at specific and generic levels, and these sort of investigations must be expanded to improve and elevate the morphological depiction at levels of earlier life stages in various moth families.
New Faunal Data for Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), with the Evidence of COI Sequences, from Mediterranean Region of Türkiye
Authors: ŞİRİN Davut Ümit , FİDAN Ebru Ceren , ÇALIŞKAN Hakan
Published: August 2023

The present study provides faunal data for Turkish Black flies (Simuliidae, Diptera) from the Central and Western Mediterranean Region in Türkiye. Among the specimens collected from 221 different running water sites, 17 species in 3 genera and 5 subgenera were identified. Two species, Simulium (Nevermannia) ibleum (Rivosecchi 1966) and Simulium (Nevermannia) brevidens (Rubtsov 1956), were recorded for the first time from Türkiye, and 5 additional species were reported from the study area for the first time. The morphological identifications were tested by phylogenetic analyzes using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcode sequences. The COI analysis results overlapped with the morphotaxonomic identification results for eight of the 15 species. The first genetic data of 4 species (for World) and 5 species (from Türkiye) were stored in GenBank (NCBI).