bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of follow-up of young children in a children's outpatient department: A review
Authors: Sugian Narine G. , Orobinskaya Yana V. , Zakharova Irina N.
Published: October 2024

Children's outpatient departments provide children with preventive, consultative, diagnostic, and therapeutic care. Newborn care is a special program created by the state to monitor the condition of a newborn child and a new mother and assess the socio-economic conditions of the family as a whole. Screening shortly after a child's birth plays an important role and is aimed at the timely detection of congenital and hereditary diseases. Neonatal, audiological, and cardiac screening is put into practice. Since December 31, 2022, neonatal screening throughout the Russian Federation has been carried out for 36 groups of medical conditions. Since 2019, cardiac screening has been carried out in our country for all children after 24 hours of life in maternity hospitals to detect congenital heart defects. Audiological screening is performed at the age of 3–4 days or before discharge from the maternity hospital. One of the most important tasks of the district service in the observation of young children is the promotion of breastfeeding. It is necessary to inform mothers and their families about the benefits of breastfeeding and to teach pregnant women and nursing mothers the practical aspects of breastfeeding. The Office of a Healthy Child, a structural unit of the outpatient department, has a crucial role in working with young children. It is engaged in preventive work aimed at preserving the child's health, as well as its optimal development and effective upbringing.
Features of developing toilet skills in young children: Information for clinicians and parents. A review
Authors: Zakharova Irina N. , Pupykina Viktoria V.
Published: October 2024

The upbringing and teaching of toilet skills to young children is an important stage in the physiological development of the child. Control over urination and defecation in infants develops gradually, starting with a completely reflexive process and moving on to conscious control. This process is of great importance in the formation of a healthy and independent personality, preparing the child for the next stages of growing up and acquiring new skills. The article presents historical aspects of the formation of toilet skills among different peoples and at different stages of society development. Interesting facts about potty training in different countries of the world, anatomical features of urination and defecation, signs of readiness for potty training and toilet training, the age recommended for potty training, and what a potty should be like are shown. Approaches to teaching this level of independence are important not only for the child’s physical health, but also for understanding his psychological readiness, social development, and adaptation in children’s groups.
Job’s syndrom. Case reports
Authors: Zakharova Irina N. , Sugian Narine G. , Berezhnaya Irina V. , Pupykina Viktoria V.
Published: October 2024

Primary immunodeficiencies with impaired humoral link are genetically determined diseases characterized by impaired antibody formation. The article presents information about an orphan disease – hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome (hyper-IgE), or Job’s syndrome, which is characterized by elevated IgE levels in the blood serum, recurrent infections and various clinical manifestations (specific abnormalities of connective tissue, skeleton, tooth enamel, neurological disorders, etc.). Historical aspects of Job’s syndrome are described, the importance of immunoglobulins E in the human immune system is shown. It is noted that genetic testing, including sequencing of the STAT3 and DOCK8 genes, plays a decisive role in confirming the diagnosis. Low prevalence of Job’s syndrome is the reason for late diagnosis. Clinical cases of Job’s syndrome, a variant of primary immunodeficiency confirmed genetically, are presented.
Children and depression: A view of a pediatrician. A review
Authors: Zakharova Irina N. , Serikova Ludmila S. , Pupykina Viktoria V. , Kostenko Vasily Yu. , Doroshina Elena A.
Published: October 2024

Mental disorder is characterized by clinically significant impairment of cognitive function, emotional regulation or human behavior. Rapid development of technical progress, introduction of digital technologies into everyday life with daily processing of a large flow of heterogeneous information have led to a significant increase in the load on the nervous system of children and adolescents. Psychological problems are based on intrafamily and intrapersonal conflicts, so a specialist needs to build interaction with the maximum number of interested family members. The article provides information on the competencies of a pediatrician in identification of risk factors and diagnosing depression in children.
Breast milk oligosaccharides are the most essential ingredient in breast milk, affecting the health of infants: A review
Authors: Zakharova Irina N. , Orobinskaya Yana V. , Sugian Narine G. , Berezhnaya Irina V.
Published: October 2024

Breastfeeding remains the “gold standard” of nutrition for children in the first years of life. However, factors such as hypogalactia, maternal stress, health problems and simply an unwillingness to breastfeed deprive the baby of breast milk (BM) and challenge pediatricians to choose an alternative food for the baby. The BM composition is complex, dynamic, and of scientific interest, and the attention of most scientists is directed to BM oligosaccharides (BMOs). Many benefits of BMOs have been proven in relation to the child's health, including the formation of the intestinal microbiota, maturation of the immune response, contribution to the barrier function of the intestine, and protection against pathogens. In the absence of breastfeeding, modern formulas containing BMOs can be used. The addition of a combination of 5 BMOs is a promising and effective approach to maintaining the overall health of formula-fed infants.
Paracetamol is both a friend and a foe: What should a pediatrician know? A clinical case
Authors: Zakharova Irina N. , Berezhnaya Irina V. , Sugian Narine G.
Published: October 2024

One of the most common drug-related side effects is hepatotoxicity. The most common cause of severe drug-induced liver injury is acetaminophen (paracetamol), as it is an over-the-counter drug. Paracetamol is safe and effective in children and adolescents at therapeutic doses; however, it is the leading cause of acute liver failure in children (21% of cases) and adults (40%) with overdose. The clinical presentation of toxic liver damage depends on the time elapsed after taking paracetamol and its dose. Symptoms of liver damage are not always obvious but can develop rapidly from day 2 to day 5 after poisoning. The article presents a clinical case of an unintentional overdose of paracetamol in a teenage girl due to non-compliance with the dose and regimen.
Gender, Drought, Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), and Resilience in Southern Rhodesia, 1847-1952
Authors: Ruguwa Mathew
Published: October 2024

This study uses the 1947-49 drought and associated outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) outbreaks in Southern Rhodesia as a lens through which to examine African responses to colonial-era crises, both natural and manmade. It pays special attention to the gender differentiated challenges experienced by displaced people who migrated into the Zimunya and Marange ‘Native Reserves’ in the Umtali district of Manicaland Province after they were dispossessed of their land by the provisions of the Land Apportionment Act (LAA) of 1930, including those affected by the colonial government’s Ex-Servicemen Land Resettlement Scheme in the late 1940s. Guided by a combination of oral interviews, archival documents, and a wide range of secondary sources, the article argues that residents of Zimunya and Marange ‘Native Reserves’ mitigated the effects of drought and FMD by restructuring economic and social life, strengthening kinship networks, and foraging. Mothers and girls deployed various coping mechanisms, including trapping crop destroying pests that damaged crops for food and searching for local temporary employment (maricho) in return for food. Meanwhile, men migrated to urban areas and European-owned farms, where they were employed as wage labours to secure cash. Others who owned stock were forcibly displaced to madhanga (enclosures), where they attended to their livestock, which were being quarantined and vaccinated against FMD by colonial state veterinary officials. Efforts made by residents of these reserves to mitigate the disaster’s effects stimulated societal transformations, including changes in gendered division of labour.
Slaving, Colonial Diplomacy, and Resource Extraction in Seventeenth-Century Maritime Asia
Authors: Hägerdal Hans
Published: October 2024

This study combines perspectives of social change and resource exploitation from two angles: the intercultural diplomacy conducted by the VOC in early modern maritime Asia, and the trajectories of slavery, slave routes, and zones of coerced labour in this macro-region. The use of enslaved people by European polities for production of cash crops and domestic work in maritime South and Southeast Asia has been widely researched. The local consequences of the widespread slaving need however to be better understood, not least in terms of the exploitation of natural resources and their entanglement with social change in the affected areas. The article discusses how early colonial diplomacy and treatymaking with indigenous societies in the period 1600-1700 had a role in shaping slave circuits while impacting on local economic systems. A combination of slaving and extraction of commercial items of ‘luxury’ type is often found in the diplomatic instruments. The study highlights the possibilities of Dutch contracts and agreements to trace historical processes in combination with other types of sources. By looking at negotiating practices, we can better understand the structures of geographical distribution of slaving activities, trading practices, forced deliveries of manpower, and resistance to enslavement. In sum, the consequences of enforced movement of people in the contact zones between colonial and indigenous groups.
Daren Ray on Ethnicity, Identity, and Conceptualizing Community in Indian Ocean East Africa
Authors: Ray Daren
Published: October 2024

In this interview, Daren Ray discusses his book, Ethnicity, Identity, and Conceptualizing Community in Indian Ocean East Africa, which was published in the Indian Ocean Studies Series of Ohio University Press at the end of 2023.
Odpowiedzialność akcjonariuszy większościowych wobec spółki przy przymusowym odkupie akcji na podstawie art. 4181 § 4 K.S.H.
Authors: Boś Kacper
Published: October 2024

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem badań jest uregulowana w art. 4181 k.s.h. instytucja przymusowego odkupu akcji w spółce akcyjnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem odpowiedzialności akcjonariuszy większościowych wobec spółki na podstawie art. 4181 § 4 k.s.h.
Cel badawczy: Celem badawczym jest wskazanie charakteru odpowiedzialności akcjonariuszy większościowych wobec spółki przy przymusowym odkupie akcji. Zagadnienie to nie zostało bowiem sprecyzowane przez ustawodawcę i od wielu lat budzi uzasadnione wątpliwości wśród przedstawicieli doktryny prawniczej.
Metoda badawcza: W artykule zastosowana została metoda dogmatyczno-prawna i teoretyczno-prawna.
Wyniki: Odpowiedzialność akcjonariuszy większościowych wobec spółki na podstawie art. 4181 § 4 k.s.h. ma charakter regresowy. Aktualna treść przepisów wyłącza możliwość zastosowania konstrukcji odpowiedzialności subsydiarnej. W świetle wykładni językowej za zbyt daleko idące należy uznać także poglądy zakładające konieczność dokonania bezpośredniej zapłaty przez akcjonariuszy większościowych na rzecz akcjonariuszy mniejszościowych, a także wymagające wniesienia sumy odkupu „z góry” na rachunek spółki, jeszcze przed dokonaniem przez nią odkupu.
An educational module on fire and explosion safety for undergraduate chemical engineering students
Authors: Vallejo Molina Luis Francisco , López Gómez Sebastián , Soto Gomez David Alejandro , Ortiz Prada Andres Fernando , Molina Escobar Jorge Martin , Copete Lopez Henry , Woodrow Michael , Torero Jose , Molina Ochoa Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Incidents, such as the fire that occurred between December 21st and 23rd 2022 at the fuel tank storage facility in Barranquilla, remind Colombian industries of the risk of fires. Chemical engineers are responsible for designs and technologies that prevent fires and explosions. Yet, fire and explosion safety is not a subject that is explicitly addressed in the Chemical Engineering curriculum. This study describes an educational module that fosters in Chemical Engineering undergraduate students competencies relevant in fire safety. Through an analysis of a pool fire that occurred in a chemical plant in Colombia, an educational module on fire and explosion safety was developed. The module describes basic concepts related to fire safety such as pool fires, dikes, vapor pressure, and flammability limits, and highlights the differences between prescriptive vs. performance-based design. It also illustrates the use of Physical Modeling Tools (PMTs) as an example of emerging technologies in fire safety. The module was presented to first-semester students in the Introduction to Chemical Engineering class and advanced students in the Process Engineering class at Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín. The impact of the module was evaluated by surveying the students on the perceived importance of the competencies for fire and explosion safety, before and after taking the module, and comparing the results with the order of importance of the competencies as defined by a group of experts in fire and explosion safety. The module was deemed an effective way to increase the awareness of Chemical Engineering students on fire and explosion safety.
Escenarios de hacking y ciberdefensa en sistema IoT para café
Authors: Gordillo Gaitán Alexander , Castillo Fernández María Camila , Suárez Quintero Dayana Carolina , Moreno Lopez Jenny Paola
Published: October 2024

El avance en la actualidad de las tecnologías y gracias a la Agroindustria 4.0, han permitido la creación de conceptos como el Agro inteligente, el cual junto a la inteligencia artificial y el Internet de las Cosas (IoT, por sus siglas en inglés) permite la existencia de la automatización de procesos en el sector agroindustrial, esto haciendo uso de la implementación de sensores capaces de procesar la información de los datos obtenidos de monitoreos en tiempo real de los cultivos, logrando la toma de decisiones que desencadenan un ahorro de recursos, manejo adecuado del tiempo de siembra, rendimiento del producto y control de plagas. Sin embargo, este tipo de sistemas son susceptibles a ataques cibernéticos debido a las carencias de seguridad obviadas al momento de su construcción, lo que deja como consecuencia amenazas en la integridad de sus datos y la fiabilidad de estos. En este estudio se plantea la creación del proyecto de investigación que permite la mitigación de vulnerabilidades en un sistema IoT para café por medio de escenarios de hacking y ciberdefensa. En él, son descritos los procedimientos de caracterización de información que permitieron la elección de vulnerabilidades, herramientas y escenarios para la creación de los escenarios basados en ambiente Gray Box, donde se hizo uso de información parcial sobre el sistema, tanto de la red, como del servidor. Posteriormente son analizados los resultados, sintetizando las vulnerabilidades encontradas, su origen y tipo, entre otras características. Finalmente, se evidencian las estrategias de ciberdefensa que fueron implementadas para mitigar las vulnerabilidades del sistema IoT al cultivo de café, junto a las conclusiones de la investigación realizada, las cuales sostienen que al ser evaluadas dichas estrategias se denotaron mejoras en la seguridad de la red y al acceso de la información, ello permitiendo al agricultor confiabilidad frente a la toma de decisiones sobre el cultivo y la calidad del producto.
Desarrollo de modelos de gestión tecnológica circular para la recuperación de valores metálicos mediante el reciclaje de residuos electrónicos
Authors: Marquez Salome , Ospina Correa Juan David , Vélez Bolívar Marco Antonio , Martínez Crespo Jenny
Published: October 2024

Actualmente, el mundo enfrenta un proceso de transición tecnológica e industrial sin precedentes, la popularización masiva de dispositivos tecnológicos ha transformado la sociedad, la manera como se comunica, interactúa y desarrolla nuevos sistemas de producción. Este uso masivo de dispositivos ha generado también grandes retos para el manejo y gestión de los residuos producidos al finalizar el ciclo de vida. Elementos como cobre, oro, plata, níquel, litio, etc., son los principales constituyentes metálicos de los dispositivos eléctricos y electrónicos, convirtiendo la industria de tecnología en la mayor consumidora de metales estratégicos en el mundo. Se estiman consumos anuales superiores a 350 ton-Au, 7500 ton-Ag y 100 ton-(tierras raras), con tasas de reciclaje inferiores al 5%. Solo en el año 2020, se generaron cerca de 60 millones de toneladas de residuos de aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos (RAEEs) en todo el mundo y se espera que alcancen los 200 millones en 2030. Pese a las diferentes regulaciones, el proceso de reciclaje pirometalúrgico convencional libera gases tóxicos y genera halógenos derivados de los retardantes de llama. Además, las rutas hidrometalúrgicas por disolución ácida emplean reactivos lixiviantes altamente corrosivos, con bajas eficiencias y subproductos de difícil manejo ambiental. Particularmente, Colombia en el 2019 generó aproximadamente 350 Kton de RAEEs. Las primeras directrices relacionadas en dirección a la gestión de RAEEs se establecieron en el 2013 y proporcionaron un marco para los esquemas de cumplimiento. Sin embargo, solo hasta el 2017 se estableció formalmente una política nacional sobre la gestión de RAEEs, con objetivos claves que incluyeron normativas para el consumo responsable y su gestión al finalizar la vida útil. Con base a lo anterior, este trabajo propone un marco estratégico conceptual para el manejo y gestión responsable de RAEEs en función de tres dimensiones esenciales: (i) Economías emergentes, permitiendo la separación de procesos de producción y reducción de costos de operación; (ii) Responsabilidad social, ambiental y económica, mediante la incorporación de tecnologías verdes, a través del uso de molinos criogénicos; y (iii) Stakeholders, permitiendo la participación activa de las partes interesadas. A través de la evaluación y parametrización de este marco circular, es posible minimizar la generación de RAEEs, incentivar el re-uso, impulsar el aprovechamiento y el desarrollo de nuevos materiales con alto valor agregado y promover la integración entre productores, comercializadores, usuarios y consumidores finales.
NAD+depletion is central to placental dysfunction in an inflammatory subclass of preeclampsia
Authors: Jahan Fahmida , Vasam Goutham , Cariaco Yusmaris , Nik-Akhtar Abolfazl , Green Alex , Menzies Keir J , Bainbridge Shannon A
Published: October 2024

Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and a major cause of maternal/perinatal adverse health outcomes with no effective therapeutic strategies. Our group previously identified distinct subclasses of PE, one of which exhibits heightened placental inflammation (inflammation-driven PE). In non-pregnant populations, chronic inflammation is associated with decreased levels of cellular NAD+, a vitamin B3 derivative involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. Interestingly, specifically in placentas from women with inflammation-driven PE, we observed the increased activity of NAD+-consuming enzymes, decreased NAD+content, decreased expression of mitochondrial proteins, and increased oxidative damage. HTR8 human trophoblasts likewise demonstrated increased NAD+-dependent ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) activity, coupled with decreased mitochondrial respiration rates and invasive function under inflammatory conditions. Such adverse effects were attenuated by boosting cellular NAD+levels with nicotinamide riboside (NR). Finally, in an LPS-induced rat model of inflammation-driven PE, NR administration (200 mg/kg/day) from gestational days 1–19 prevented maternal hypertension and fetal/placental growth restriction, improved placental mitochondrial function, and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. This study demonstrates the critical role of NAD+in maintaining placental function and identifies NAD+boosting as a promising preventative strategy for PE.
Natural reforestation after a mudflow in the Almaty nature reserve
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Abilganiev Daryn
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the process of natural reforestation after a mudflow. Mudflows pose a significant threat to forest ecosystems, causing significant changes in the structure and composition of forest communities. Recovery processes can take different times depending on the intensity of the mudflow, local climatic conditions and other factors. The purpose of this study is to study the processes of natural reforestation occurring after a mudflow that affected the territory of the Almaty Nature Reserve. The main task is to analyze the dynamics of vegetation cover, assess the impact of mudflows on the structure of the forest community, and identify species that are most adapted to the conditions of natural restoration. An analysis of the consequences of mudflows for forest ecosystems was carried out, features of the dynamics of the formation of tree species of the phytocenosis and changes in its structure were identified, and factors influencing the successful restoration of forest cover were assessed. The results of the study allow us to more deeply understand the processes of natural reforestation and provide recommendations for optimizing natural mechanisms of forest restoration after natural disasters, such as mudflows. The data obtained are of practical importance for managing forest resources and maintaining the sustainability of forest ecosystems in conditions of a changing climate and natural disasters.
MODERN METHODOLOGY OF DESIGNING A TRAVEL COMPANY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Minikhanova Svetlana , Imangulova Tatyana , Gubarenko Anastassiya , Abdikarimova Madina
Published: October 2024

Modern development of the tourism industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan is a rather active and intensive process, the main task of which is the gradual development of tourism in the country, corresponding to regional and international requirements of the tourism business and the provision of a full range of tourist services of different levels and directions. The purpose of the research, outlined in the article, was the process of formation of a modern methodology of designing a tourism company, based on the practical experience of the authors for more than ten years. The authors studied and analyzed the main regulatory and legislative documents that have a direct impact on the development of tourism in the country, as well as reports of leading tourism organizations of the country. Modern trends in the market of the service sector were studied, a large-scale survey of both the actors of the tourism industry and consumers of tourism services was conducted. The authors prepared a qualitative algorithm for creating a tourism company, which was the result of practical activity in the field of opening and successful management of tourism business from 2012 to the present. These studies, outlined in the article, will allow not only to form a qualitative idea of the current stage of tourism development in the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also give the opportunity to use the algorithm of opening a tourism company to build a successful tourism business in Europe.
IMPROVING MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS WITH A HYBRID BALANCING TECHNIQUE
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Buribayev Zholdas , Yerkos Ainur , Shaikalamova Saida , Imanbek Rustem , Zhetpisbay Zhibek
Published: October 2024

The issue of class imbalance in medical data poses a significant challenge for developing robust machine learning models aimed at medical diagnosis. A characteristic feature of such data is the substantial dominance of instances belonging to majority classes (e.g., healthy patients or those with common diseases) over instances representing rare conditions. This disproportion leads to machine learning models trained on such data being prone to systematic classification errors, predominantly predicting the most frequent class. Consequently, the ability of models to accurately identify rare cases is severely diminished. This paper proposes a hybrid class-balancing algorithm that combines Inverse Quadratic Radial Undersampling (IQRBU) and genetic oversampling to address this issue. The integration of these two methods within a single algorithm achieves an optimal balance between preserving information and enhancing the representation of rare classes. Experimental results conducted on several medical datasets demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The obtained results showed that the hybrid algorithm significantly improves classification metrics, such as the F1-score and accuracy. These findings underscore the potential of our approach to enhance the reliability and precision of medical diagnostic systems.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFIERS FOR STROKE PREDICTION
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Zhalgas Aidana , Toleubek Moldir
Published: October 2024

Stroke, a major global health concern, is characterized by sudden neurological deficits and impaired cerebral function. Advancements in technology and the integration of medical records offer opportunities to enhance stroke care and diagnosis. By mining and analyzing electronic health records, valuable insights into the interdependencies of stroke risk factors can be gained, aiding in prediction. This research provides a comprehensive review of the application of machine learning classifiers in stroke prediction, considering various techniques, features, and performance measures utilized in previous studies. The novelty of this work is to emphasize the potential of machine learning classifiers in improving stroke prediction, with a focus on feature selection, data pre-processing, and model evaluation. The aim is to shed light on the strengths and limitations of different classifiers, including Decision Trees, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boost, and their performance metrics in stroke prediction. By achieving this goal, effective stroke risk assessment models can be developed, leading to improved patient outcomes through early intervention and targeted preventive measures. The findings reveal that machine learning classifiers, particularly AdaBoost and Gradient Boost, show promising performance in stroke prediction. These classifiers demonstrate high recall rates and balanced F1 scores, indicating their efficacy in identifying individuals at risk of stroke. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge in stroke prediction and highlights the potential of machine learning techniques in enhancing stroke care. The integration of machine learning classifiers with stroke prediction holds great promise in improving patient outcomes. By harnessing the power of electronic health records and utilizing appropriate techniques and features, healthcare providers can enhance their ability to identify and intervene in stroke cases, ultimately leading to better preventive measures and care strategies.
The Peaceful Kingdom of Isaiah in Late Antique Mosaic Pavements of Cilician and Isaurian Church Buildings
Authors: Cortese Arabella
Published: October 2024

This article examines a topic that has been only partially investigated to date, namely that of the iconic depiction of the so-called “Peaceful Kingdom of Isaiah” on mosaics located in late antique church buildings in the region of Cilicia (southeastern modern Turkey). These mosaics are sometimes accompanied by the verse of Isaiah 11:6 or 65:25. Many of these Cilician mosaics lie in a state of neglect or have suffered great damage in recent years. Referring, therefore, to the excavation reports and to personal observations, I attempt a reconstruction of the iconography and of the mosaics’ locations within their respective Christian buildings, where possible.
Starting with a short introduction on the meaning of the “Peaceful Kingdom” as described in Isaiah 11:6 and 65:25, the article presents a detailed analysis of the Cilician/Isaurian case studies. Similar examples from neighbouring regions in the East and the only identifiable case study in the West (Corsica) are also briefly discussed. Next, possible archetypes from which the representation of animals might have originated and influenced the origin of the “Peaceful Kingdom” motif are considered. In conclusion, after briefly outlining the different interpretations given by scholars on the meaning of the “Peaceful Kingdom” mosaics, an attempt will be made to interpret the Cilician case studies in light of a combined analysis both of positioning within the building and liturgical use.
New Observations on the Dionysian Scene Mosaic Panels in the House of the Triumph of Dionysus in Daphne-Antiocheia: Iconographic Description of the Periaktos System in the Decorative Architecture of the Theatre Stage Building
Authors: Özdilek Banu , Tıbıkoğlu H. Onur
Published: October 2024

and French teams between 1932 and 1940 uncovered Roman ruins such as a theatre, church and villa. In the publications on the mosaic, the objects on either side of the actors and masks in the L-shaped panels of the Dionysian centre panel in the Dionysian Victory House have been interpreted as boxes and drawers. With this study, it has been seen that the mosaic panel of the Roman villa called “The House of the Triumph of Dionysus”, where a theatrical theme related to the god Dionysos is processed, is the first known iconographic expression of the wooden, prismatic rotating decor system periaktos found in the theatre stage building. We know about the periaktos from the accounts of Vitruvius. Since this decor system was made of wood, it was not possible to find archaeological remains of it. The only archaeological data on the periaktos system is the stone platform on which the periaktos system sits in the stage building of the Kaunos theatre discovered by Prof. Varkıvanç. With this study, the pictorial expression of the stage decor system on mosaics, which we know from Vitruvius’ reports, has also been identified.
Representations of Music and the Dance in Late Roman Art
Authors: Parrish David
Published: October 2024

Music and the dance are an important theme represented in various artistic media of the Late Roman and Early Byzantine periods, including mosaic pavements and decorative arts such as silver metalwork, woven textiles, and carved ivories. A popular aspect of this theme is imagery of the Dionysiac thiasos, with members of the wine god’s entourage making merry by dancing and sounding crotala or cymbal tongs, as we see in a fragmentary mosaic from the House of the Dionysiac Thiasos at Augusta Traiana – Beroe. A similar effect occurs in either an expanded or a somewhat reduced format in pavements from Argos and Madaba. Besides mosaics, this subject also appears on Late Antique silver plate made for display, such as objects in the Mildenhall Treasure from Roman Britain and related works. Coptic textiles used to ornament private houses as colorful wall hangings feature lively dancers and musicians, and these figures may or may not have a mythological identity.
Other non-mythological representations of music and the dance appeared in domestic and public settings. An outstanding example is the well-preserved Mosaic of Female Musicians that decorated a house in Mariamin, Syria, and that assembles an impressive group of instrumentalists and a dancer. One observes a pipe organ (hydraulis) along with a cithara, an aulos, and an acetabulum, consisting of a series of metal bowls struck with a baton. Elsewhere there are depicted a pantomime performance with an organ accompaniment, visible in a mosaic from Noheda, Spain, as well as music-making and dancing in the context of the circus. The latter subject appears on a consular diptych, and on the base of the Obelisk of Theodosius in Constantinople. We finally note that the pipe organ was later adopted for use in the church liturgy, reflected in an illustration in the Utrecht Psalter of 9th-century date. If the latter work of art is a copy of a Late Antique manuscript, as some scholars believe, then the pipe organ’s adoption for Christian ceremonial practice should be dated earlier than originally thought.
Sinop Balatlar Excavation Pebble Mosaic Pavement
Authors: Şahin Derya , Köroğlu Gülgün , Şahin Mustafa
Published: October 2024

During the 2022 Sinop Balatlar Excavation, a pebble stone mosaic floor was unearthed. The design of the mosaic, which adorns the andron room of a private residence, is U-shaped and the east-west kline sections are planned without decoration. The pebble floor placed horizontally and vertically on a pink nucleus is called the “hedgehog” model. Surrounded by ranke, wave and palmette motifs, a small part of the mosaic, which we think shows a flying Eros and his wingtips on it, has been preserved in the southwestern corner of the main panel. It is very important with the placement technique of the stones on it and the pattern repertoire created with white pebbles on a black ground. Compared to contemporary examples, the pebble mosaic dated to the end of the 5th century BC includes the Gordion and Olynthos mosaics, where the mosaic tradition in Asia Minor dates back, it occupies an important place in the ancient mosaic chronology as it indicates its existence in the 5th century BC.
Exploring the Diverse Mosaic Patterns and Materials of the Phra Si Rattana Chedi: A Classification and Analysis
Authors: Samuel Remon , Plengdeesakul Burin , Kotchapakdee Pat
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the intricate mosaic artistry at the Phra Si Rattana Chedi, within The Emerald Buddha Temple. Focused on the gold-mosaic patterns adorning the stupa walls, the study examines its historical significance dating back to King Rama I’s reign. Serving as a poignant symbol of Thailand’s cultural opulence, the stupa’s resplendent mosaic adornments showcase impeccable craftsmanship. Through meticulous classification and analysis, this paper unveils the profound interplay between artistic expression, cultural heritage, and architectural magnificence within this revered sanctuary.
Ayasofya Kubbe Mozaiklerinin Onarım Çalışmalarındaki Enjeksiyon Harçları Üzerine Bir Tespit
Authors: Cura Murat
Published: October 2024

Antik Dönem’den itibaren yer, duvar, kubbe ve tavanlar mozaiklerle bezenmişlerdir. Mozaiklerin teknik özellikleri ve bezeme elemanları, zamana ve coğrafyaya göre farklılık göstermektedir. Mozaiklerde zamanla bazı bozulmalar oluşmaktadır ve her eserde bu bozulmalar genellikle birbirlerine benzerdir. Yapım katmanları arasında oluşan ayrılmalar, bozulmaların bir sınıfını oluşturmaktadır. Malzemenin kimyasal ve kristal yapısının bozulması sonucunda ya da fiziki faktörlerin etkisiyle (deprem, nem, heyelan vb), katmanlar arasındaki bağlar tutuculuklarını kaybetmektedirler.
Bu makalenin amacı, Ayasofya kubbe mozaiklerinin onarım çalışmalarında kullanılan harç enjeksiyonu üzerine bir tespiti sunmaktır. Ayasofya’daki koruma ve onarım çalışmalarında 2002-2004 yılları arasında, kubbe mozaiklerinde katman ayrılmalarının olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle kubbedeki yüzeyler, çatı ve kısmen duvar mozaiklerinin ayrılan katmanları yer çekimine bağlı olarak kopma ve düşme olasılığına karşı geçici veya kalıcı korumaya alınmışlardır. Bu alanlardaki boşluklar, aralıklı kenetlerle taşıyıcı zemine tutturulmuş ve enjeksiyon harcı ile doldurularak sağlamlaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Söz konusu bozulmalar, farklı teknik ekipmanlar ile tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle içerde oluşan boşlukları görmek için uygun kısımlarda endoskopi cihazı kullanılmıştır. Mozaiklerin arkasına uygulanacak enjeksiyon harcının tutması amacıyla, dikiş yöntemi denenmiştir. Dolayısıyla her zaman enjeksiyon yapmanın faydalı olmayacağı bu örnekle gösterilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Mozaik, Ayasofya, Onarım, Tespit, Dolgu Harcı.
Çukurbağ (İzmit-Nikomedia) Arkeolojik Sit Alanındaki Opus Sectile Taban Döşemesinde Yapılan Koruma ve Onarım Çalışmaları (2022)
Authors: Gedük Serkan , Noeı Sına
Published: October 2024

Nikomedia antik kenti İzmit- Çukurbağ Mahallesi’nde, 1999’da meydana gelen deprem sonrasında, İmparator Diocletianus’un İmparatorluk yapısı bulunmuş ve 2001-2016 yılları arasında Kocaeli Arkeoloji Müzesi tarafından kurtarma kazıları yapılmıştır. İmparatorluk kompleksine ait olduğu düşünülen çok sayıda, renkli rölyef ve mimari ögelerin yanı sıra, farklı boyutlarda ve renkli mermer taşlardan oluşan geometrik motifli, farklı ebatlardaki panellerden oluşan Opus sectile taban döşemesi açığa çıkarılmıştır. Opus sectile taban döşemesi büyük ölçüde hasar görmüştür. 2022 yılında Opus sectile taban döşemesinin daha fazla zarar görmemesi için, yerinde koruma ve onarım projesi yapılarak çalışmalar başlatılmıştır.
Bu kapsamda, taban döşemesinden bir harç örneği alınarak, tuz testleri (klorür, sülfat, nitrat ve karbonat), yağ ve protein testi, kızdırma kaybı, nem miktarı, asitle muamele sonrası tane boyutu dağılımı analizi, SEM-EDX ve petrografik analizler (ince ve kalın kesitler, Stereo ve Polarizan Mikroskop ile incelemeler) yapılmıştır. Koruma ve onarım çalışmaları, detaylı belgeleme, alanda yoğun olarak bulunan otsu ve odunsu bitkilerin temizliği, yerlerinden kırılarak ve koparak ayrışmış mermer parçaların orijinal yerlerine yerleştirilmesi ve yapılan harç analizlerinin sonuçları doğrultusunda, uygun bir harç ile sağlamlaştırma ve dolgu işlemlerini kapsamaktadır. Koruma ve onarım çalışmalarının tamamlanmasından sonra taban döşemesinin üzeri jeotekstil ve kum ile kapatılmıştır.
Variabilidade espaço-temporal do uso e ocupação do solo na Microbacia do Rio Salamanca e suas influências sobre a degradação
Authors: Barbosa do Nascimento Conrado Maria Tamyres , Wagner Oliveira Carlos , Célia Maia Meireles Ana , Maria Oliveira Silva Juliana
Published: October 2024

O levantamento de uso e ocupação dos solos permitem conhecer de forma mais aprofundada os arranjos espaciais que compõem a paisagem, bem como os processos responsáveis pelas transformações do ambiente. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se realizar o mapeamento e avaliação dos diferentes usos e ocupações do solo na microbacia hidrográfica do Rio Salamanca, a fim de conhecer o nível de degradação ambiental ao longo de 35 anos (1985-2020). O trabalho realizado constituiu uma análise do uso e ocupação do solo na microbacia hidrográfica do Rio Salamanca, no município de Barbalha-CE. Para isso, foram utilizadas imagens de uso e ocupação dos solos do município de Barbalha, obtidos através do banco de dados da plataforma MapBiomas (https://mapbiomas.org) por meio da extração a partir dos satélites Landsat 5 para os anos de 1985 a 2010 e Landsat 8 para os anos de 2015 a 2020, com resolução espacial de 30 metros. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que o processo de degradação, sobretudo o desmatamento, vem se fazendo presente ano após anos, mesmo que sutilmente, pouco a pouco as paisagens naturais estão dando lugar a um ambiente o qual o homem exerce constantemente mudanças.
Identificação de Áreas de Risco de Inundação no Baixo Açu, Semiárido Brasileiro, através de Imagens Multiespectrais e SAR.
Authors: Michell de Araujo Silva Alessandro , Ezequiel da Silva Filipe
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho objetivou reconhecer o alcance e os impactos das inundações no baixo curso do Rio Açu, Semiárido Brasileiro, através de imagens óticas multiespectrais Landsat 5 TM e 7ETM, imagens de radar de abertura sintética PALSAR-1, bem como imagens de alta resolução da plataforma Google Earth. Pode-se reconhecer que as áreas susceptíveis à inundação perfazemao menos 532 km², afetando todos os 9 municípios da região, onde foram identificadas 4732 edificações em situação de risco até o ano de 2019, número 14% maior do que o observado no ano de 2010. Cerca de 70% das edificações em risco ocorrem nas zonas urbanas, embora uma pequena parte delas situe-se em áreas de proteção permanente previstas em lei. Dentre as cidades mais afetadas destaca-se Ipanguaçu, que ilhada e transpassada pelas inundações, praticamente não dispõe de locais seguros à expansão urbana, onde já se contabilizam mais de 1500 edificações em risco. Em relação a análise multitemporal SAR observou-se grande potencial na identificação das áreas de inundação, contudo, a baixa resolução espacial e a escassez de imagens impossibilitaram análises na escala das edificações em risco. Os achados deste trabalho reforçam a caracterização de um cenário crítico em relação ao risco de inundação, creditando-se a baixa recorrência desses eventos como um dos principais motivos para o aumento de ocupações em áreas risco na região. Esses aspectos representam um desafio a mais para as gestões locais, demandando a adoção de programas para conscientização sobre o risco, bem como o estabelecimento de planos de contingenciamento.
Numerical Modeling of the Ignition Characteristics of a Cylindrical Heat-Generating Sample in a Medium with Stochastic Temperature Variations
Authors: Donskoy I. G.
Published: October 2024

The problem of thermal stability of a cylindrical sample with nonlinear heat generation placed in a medium with the ambient temperature random walk was studied. The behavior of this system was examined depending on the parameters of the problem (heat generation intensity, random walk variance). A numerical algorithm based on averaging multiple random trajectories of the ambient temperature was proposed. A numerical method was developed for solving the heat transfer problem with the heat source and stochastic boundary which combines both explicit and implicit schemes for linearized transfer equations and the Euler–Maruyama method. The distributions of ignition characteristics and their moments were obtained. Their dependencies on the parameters of the problem were investigated.
Positive Fixed Points of Hammerstein Integral Operators with Degenerate Kernel
Authors: Eshkabilov Yu. Kh. , Nodirov Sh. D.
Published: October 2024

Positive ﬁxed points of the Hammerstein integral operators with a degenerate kernel in the space of continuous functions C [0, 1] were explored. The problem of determining the number of positive ﬁxed points of the Hammerstein integral operator was reduced to analyzing the positive roots of polynomials with real coeﬃcients. A model on a Cayley tree with nearestneighbor interactions and with the set [0, 1] of spin values was considered. It was proved that a unique translation-invariant Gibbs measure exists for this model.
Clinical study protocol on assessment of quality of medical care and clinical prognosis in patients who underwent myocardial revascularization accounting modifiable risk factors
Authors: Kalyuta T. Yu. , Fedonnikov A. S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Every year in Russia, the number of people who have undergone cardiac surgery exceeds 600 thousand. Among them, anemia occurs in 30-70% of cases, and cognitive dysfunction is noted in 20–80% of cases. Anemia increases the risk of death 4-fold within a year, 5-fold the risk of stent thrombosis, 1.3–fold the risk of recurrence of acute coronary syndrome and 2-fold the risk of bleeding, worsens the quality of life, cognitive status and compliance. Unresolved problems of managing medical care for specialized patients are associated with insufficient coupling of components of clinical and sociopsychological interaction, taking into account modifiable risk factors, and irrational use of limited industry resources distributed according to the quota mechanism. Patient-centered digital systems contribute to improving the quality of life of patients, optimizing the use of healthcare resources.

Aim: To evaluate the parameters of the quality of medical care and clinical prognosis in patients who underwent myocardial revascularization, taking into account an expanded range of modifiable risk factors, including anemia, cognitive dysfunction and depression, using a developed digital intelligent data collection system.

Material and Methods. A prospective cohort study of 300 adult patients who underwent myocardial revascularization is planned for 12 months in 3 groups (depending on the consent and technical feasibility of using a digital information system (CIS): 1 group will undergo questionnaires and cognitive behavioral training online through CIS; 2 group will undergo only questionnaires through CIS; 3 group will not use CIS. There are 2 face-to-face visits to the doctor (6 and 12 months), at which the following groups of endpoints will be evaluated: clinical outcomes; parameters of the quality of medical care and rehabilitation; patient-reported experience indicator (PREM). Validated and authored self-questionnaires will be used.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Difficult to Treat Asthma
Authors: Khan Taimoor Ali , Zakia Gul  , Muhammad Abdul Basit Ashraf  , Umar Usman  , Mehr Muhammad Imran  , Zaheer Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Background: Bronchial Asthma(BA) is quite a common chronic ailment affecting more than 334 million people worldwide. Many patients have poorly controlled asthma despite adequate treatment. Many factors are known to influence asthma control. Previously, various authors reveal the association between Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA) and BA regarding risk and popularity. The essential point of this examination was to research the occurrence of OSA in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma (DTA). Objective: Our objective was to determine the frequency of OSA in difficult to treat asthma patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: The study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonology, District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital, Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: The time duration was 6 months starting from July 2018 to December 2018. Methods: 73 patients fulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled in the study from the Department of Pulmonology, DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. Information regarding their demographic data was noted in the proforma. The frequency of obstructive sleep apnea in difficult-to-treat asthma was noted. Results: Mean age was 39.44+7.62 years, males were 43.8%(n=32) whereas female were 56.2% (n=41). Frequency of OSA in patients with difficult to treat asthma in our study was recorded in 56.16% (n=41) of the cases. Conclusion: We concluded that the frequency of OSA in difficult to treat asthmatic cases is very high. However, identification of this condition is important to reduce the cost of morbidity and quality of life, early and effective management.