bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From a new trigonal cadmium hexacyanoferrate to a Cd Prussian Blue analogue: single‐crystal to single‐crystal transformation and C2H2/CO2 separation capability
Authors: Ou Yangyang , Liang Zihao , Ju Zhanfeng , Yuan Daqiang Q.
Published: June 2023

A newly synthesized coordination polymer, [Cd(DMSO)(H2O)]3[Fe(CN)6]2 (CdHCF‐T), based on Cd2+ and Fe(CN)63− ions was prepared in a DMSO/H2O mixed solution and crystalized in the trigonal space group P‐31c. This novel 3D structure presented an interesting single‐crystal to single‐crystal transformation when the coordinated DMSO molecules were replaced by H2O, forming a well‐known Cd Prussian Blue analogue (Cd‐PBA). This occurrence is a rare phenomenon in transition metal hexacyanometallates and may provide a new strategy for obtaining new structures and overcoming the difficulty of growing single crystals of Prussian Blue analogues. Subsequent gas sorption and separation investigations based on the obtained Cd‐PBA were also carried out to evaluate its C2H2/CO2 separation capability.
Thermally stressed thermoelectric microbeam supported by Winkler foundation via the modified Moore–Gibson–Thompson thermoelasticity theory
Authors: Abouelregal Ahmed E. , Marin Marin , Altenbach Holm
Published: June 2023

This article offers the first investigation into the thermoelectric vibration of microscale Euler‐Bernoulli beams resting on an elastic Winkler base. We developed the system of equations for thermoelastic microbeams using elastic basis theory and the generalized Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) thermal transport framework with a single‐phase delay. At the front of the microbeam, a graphene strip connected to an electrical power source was employed to generate heat. In addition, the influence of an ultra‐short‐pulsed laser on the vibration of a microbeam is studied, taking into account its heating effect. The microbeam system variables were analyzed after solving the mathematical equations by applying the Laplace transform technique. Graphs showing how different inputs affect different mechanical fields, such as Winkler substrate stiffness, voltage, electrical resistance, and temperature modulus pulses, are also presented. An increase in the Winkler modulus and the shear modulus of the foundation was found to decrease the amount of deflection and axial deformation in the microbeams. The increased beam stiffness has resulted in this decrease.
Bildung und Bildungsdefizite in Kita und Schule im Rahmen der Coronapandemie
Authors: Walper Sabine , Kuger Susanne
Published: June 2023

Die Kontaktbeschränkungen während der COVID-19-Pandemie haben die Bildungsteilhabe von Kindern und Jugendlichen massiv eingeschränkt, sowohl im Bereich der Kindertagesbetreuung als auch in den Schulen. Im Lockdown brachen v. a. für junge Kinder vielfach die Kontakte zu Freunden und Kita ab. Sowohl die Qualität der Interaktionen zwischen Fachkräften und Kindern als auch die der Kinder untereinander litt unter der Vielzahl der Schutzmaßnahmen, der hohen Fluktuation der anwesenden Kinder und dem Personalmangel. Pandemiebedingte Gruppenschließungen in der Kindertagesbetreuung betrafen verstärkt Einrichtungen mit einem hohen Anteil von Kindern aus sozial benachteiligten Haushalten, und der Anteil der Kinder mit erhöhtem Förderbedarf stieg. Auch Schulen und Familien waren mit den Herausforderungen unzureichender Digitalisierung konfrontiert. Digitaler Unterricht erreichte häufiger ältere und leistungsstärkere Schüler:innen aus sozial bessergestellten Familien. Die Lernzeit hat sich im Distanzunterricht phasenweise durchschnittlich halbiert und sank v. a. bei fehlendem Kontakt zu den Lehrkräften sowie für leistungsschwache Schüler:innen. Nationale und internationale Trenddaten verweisen auf substanzielle Lernrückstände, insbesondere bei Kindern aus sozial benachteiligten Familien mit geringem kulturellen Kapital und aus zugewanderten Familien, wobei die oft ungünstigeren Lernbedingungen und eingeschränkten Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten in diesen Familien vielfach ausschlaggebend waren. Zudem entfielen im Lockdown außerschulische Erfahrungsräume. In der Post-COVID-Bildungsstrategie sollte stärkeres Gewicht auf das ganzheitliche Wohlergehen der Kinder und Jugendlichen gelegt werden, um den erfahrenen Einschränkungen und Belastungen gerecht zu werden.
Performance evaluation of single stand and hybrid solar water heaters: a comprehensive review
Authors: Rahimi-Ahar Zohreh , Khiadani Mehdi , Rahimi Ahar Leile , Shafieian Abdellah
Published: June 2023

In this review, flat plate and concentrate-type solar collectors, integrated collector–storage systems, and solar water heaters combined with photovoltaic–thermal modules, solar-assisted heat pump solar water heaters, and solar water heaters using phase change materials are studied based on their thermal performance, cost, energy, and exergy efficiencies. The maximum water temperature and thermal efficiencies are enlisted to evaluate the thermal performance of the different solar water heaters. It is found that the solar water heaters’ performance is considerably improved by boosting water flow rate and tilt angle, modification of the shape and number of collectors, using wavy diffuse and electrodepositioned reflector coating, application of the corrugated absorber surface and coated absorber, use of turbulent enhancers, using thermal conductive working fluid and nanofluid, the inclusion of the water storage tank, and tank insulation. These items increase the heat transfer area and coefficient, thermal conductivity, the Reynolds and Nusselt numbers, heat transfer rate, and energy and exergy efficiencies. The evacuated tube heaters have a higher temperature compared to the collectors with a plane surface. Their thermal performance increases by using all-glass active circulation and heat pipe integration. The concentrative type of solar water heaters is superior to other solar heaters, particularly in achieving higher water temperatures. Their performance improves by using a rotating mirror concentrator. The integration of the system with energy storage components, phase change materials, or a heat pump provides a satisfactory performance over conventional solar water heaters.

Graphical abstract

Modification of solar water heaters
Instability-Induced Origami Design by Topology Optimization
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Liu Ke , Wu Meiqi , Li Hongyuan , Lv Pengyu , Duan Huiling
Published: June 2023

Instability-induced wrinkle patterns of thin sheets are ubiquitous in nature, which often result in origami-like patterns that provide inspiration for the engineering of origami designs. Inspired by instability-induced origami patterns, we propose a computational origami design method based on the nonlinear analysis of loaded thin sheets and topology optimization. The bar-and-hinge model is employed for the nonlinear structural analysis, added with a displacement perturbation strategy to initiate out-of-plane buckling. Borrowing ideas from topology optimization, a continuous crease indicator is introduced as the design variable to indicate the state of a crease, which is penalized by power functions to establish the mapping relationships between the crease indicator and hinge properties. Minimizing the structural strain energy with a crease length constraint, we are able to evolve a thin sheet into an origami structure with an optimized crease pattern. Two examples with different initial setups are illustrated, demonstrating the effectiveness and feasibility of the method.
Centenary (1930–2023) climate, and snow cover changes in the Western Alps of Italy. The Ossola valley
Authors: Stucchi Leonardo , Dresti Claudia , Bocchiola Daniele
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study centennial trends of climate and snow cover within the Ossola valley, in the Western Italian Alps. We pursue different tests (Mann Kendall MK, bulk, and sequential/progressive MKprog, Linear Regression, also with change point detection, and moving window average MW) on two datasets, namely (i) dataset1, daily temperature, precipitation, snow depth for 9 stations in the area, during 1930–2018, and (ii) dataset2, snow depth and density, measured twice a month (from February 1st to June 1st) for 47 stations during 2007–2023. We also verify correlation with glacier retreat nearby. In dataset1, we highlight a positive trend for minimum temperature with MK, and Linear Regression. Using MKprog/MW, a negative change of snow cover depth, and duration starting from the late 1980s is found. In dataset2, despite the annual variability in snow cover and 2022–2023 winter drought, we assess the maximum snow water equivalent (SWE) to be delayed with respect to maximum snow depth at high altitude (over a month above 2.700 m a.s.l.), highlighting the effect of settling in decreasing snow depth during spring. We also present a formula linking through Linear Regression the Day of the Year of SWE peak to altitude, relevant to assess the onset of thaw season. Due to the high altitude of the stations, and the paradigmatic nature of the Ossola Valley, hosting Toce River, a main contributor to the Lake Maggiore of Italy, our results are of interest, and can be used as a benchmark for the Italian Alps.
Density Functions of Periodic Sequences of Continuous Events
Authors: Anosova Olga , Kurlin Vitaliy
Published: June 2023

Periodic Geometry studies isometry invariants of periodic point sets that are also continuous under perturbations. The motivations come from periodic crystals whose structures are determined in a rigid form, but any minimal cells can discontinuously change due to small noise in measurements. For any integer $$k\ge 0$$

k
≥
0

, the density function of a periodic set S was previously defined as the fractional volume of all k-fold intersections (within a minimal cell) of balls that have a variable radius t and centers at all points of S. This paper introduces the density functions for periodic sets of points with different initial radii motivated by atomic radii of chemical elements and by continuous events occupying disjoint intervals in time series. The contributions are explicit descriptions of the densities for periodic sequences of intervals. The new densities are strictly stronger and distinguish periodic sequences that have identical densities in the case of zero radii.
A Model for Evaluating Inequalities in Sustainability
Authors: Camminatiello Ida , Lombardo Rosaria , Musella Mario , Borrata Gianmarco
Published: June 2023

On 25 September 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, which includes seventeen Sustainable Development Goals, among them the 10th Goal aims to reduce inequalities. Convinced of the importance of this goal, in this paper we propose to study the socio-economic determinants which affect the inequalities among the 20 Italian regions by applying a suitable regression model. The socio-economic literature suggests that the most important determinants of inequalities are government spending, income, employment and educational attainment, so we focus our attention on the indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals related to these determinant factors. Given that the number of indicators is extremely high, while the number of observations is low, we consider the partial least squares regression as the most suitable statistical methodology to deal with this dependence modeling.
Wittgenstein on Weyl: the law of the excluded middle and the natural numbers
Authors: Engler Jann Paul
Published: June 2023

In one of his meetings with members of the Vienna Circle, Wittgenstein discusses Hermann Weyl’s brief conversion to intuitionism and criticizes his arguments against applying the law of the excluded middle to generalizations over the natural numbers. Like Weyl, however, Wittgenstein rejects the classical model theoretic conception of generality when it comes to infinite domains. Nonetheless, he disagrees with him about the reasons for doing so. This paper provides an account of Wittgenstein’s criticism of Weyl that is based on his differing understanding of what a general statement over infinite domains consists in. This difference in their conception of generality is argued to be central to the middle Wittgenstein’s overall stance on intuitionism as well. While Weyl (and other intuitionists) reject the law of the excluded middle on grounds of constructivity, Wittgenstein argues that general statements over infinite domains do not express propositions in the first place. The origin of this position as well as its consequences for contemporary debates on generality are further assessed.
Effect of ureteral stricture in transplant kidney and choice of treatment on long-term graft survival
Authors: Zhang Jiangwei , Xue Wujun , Tian Puxun , Zheng Jin , Ding Chenguang , Li Yang , Wang Ying , Ding Xiaoming , Lv Yi
Published: June 2023

Background

To explore the risk factors of ureteral stricture in transplant kidney and the clinical effects of different treatment methods.

Methods

The 62 patients with transplant kidney ureteral stenosis as the experimental group, and another group of recipients from the same donor as the control group (n = 59 cases). The risk factors for ureteral stricture and the survival rate of transplant kidney were analyzed and compared. The 62 patients were divided into open operation, luminal operation, and magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) operation group. The effect of the operation and the survival rate of transplant kidney among the three groups were compared.

Results

In our study, we found that the above differences were statistically significant in clinical data such as gender, multiple donor renal arteries, history of infection, and delayed graft function (DGF) between the two groups (P < 0.05). Urinary tract infection and DGF history were the independent risk factors for the development of ureteral stricture. The open operation had the best treatment effect and the survival rate of the transplant kidney, followed by the MCA, the stricture recurrence rate in the luminal operation was the highest.

Conclusion

The ureteral stricture has a negative correlation with the long-term survival rate of the transplant kidney, the curative rate and long-term effect of open surgery are the best, stricture recurrence rate of luminal surgery is high, and it may require multiple operations in the future, the MCA is a new breakthrough and innovation in the treatment of ureteral stricture.
Prostitution und Strafrecht
Authors: Renzikowski Joachim
Published: June 2023

Der Beitrag vermittelt einen Überblick über die Strafvorschriften betreffend die Prostitution. Im Gegensatz zum sog. „Nordischen Modell“ werden die Nachfrage und das Umfeld der Prostitution in Deutschland nicht umfassend kriminalisiert. Stattdessen orientiert sich die strafrechtliche Regulierung an der grundsätzlichen Akzeptanz eigenverantwortlich ausgeübter Prostitution. Kurz: Es geht nicht um den Schutz vor Prostitution, sondern um Schutz in der Prostitution. Gleichwohl fehlt immer noch ein systematisch stimmiges Gesamtkonzept. Abschließend wird der Reformbedarf aufgezeigt.
Effects of condensates from volcanic fumaroles and cigarette smoke extracts on airway epithelial cells
Authors: Di Sano Caterina , Di Vincenzo Serena , Lo Piparo Doriana , D’Anna Claudia , Taverna Simona , Lazzara Valentina , Pinto Paola , Sortino Francesco , Pace Elisabetta
Published: June 2023

The impact of volcanic airborne products on airway epithelium homeostasis is largely unknown. This study assessed the effects of volcanic Fumarole Condensates (FC) alone or combined with Cigarette Smoke Extracts (CSE) on airway epithelial cells (16HBE and A549). Chemical composition of FC was analyzed by gas chromatography and HPLC. Cells were exposed to FC and IL-33 and IL-8 were assessed. The effects of FC and CSE on cell injury were evaluated assessing cell metabolism/cell viability, mitochondrial stress, cell apoptosis/cell necrosis, and cell proliferation. FC contained: water vapor (70–97%), CO2 (3–30%), acid gases (H2S, SO2, HCl, HF) around 1%. FC increased the intracellular IL-33 but differently modulated IL-33 and IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 release in the tested cell lines. FC without/with CSE: (a) increased cell metabolism/cell viability in 16HBE, while decreased it in A549; (b) increased mitochondrial stress in both cell types. FC with CSE increased cell necrosis in A549 in comparison to CSE alone. CSE reduced cell proliferation in 16HB,E while increased it in A549 and FC counteracted these effects in both cell types. Overall, FC induce a pro-inflammatory profile associated to a metabolic reprogramming without a relevant toxicity also in presence of CSE in airway epithelial cells.
The myth of Muslim violence: Theorizing religion in the war on terror
Authors: Schmiedel Ulrich
Published: June 2023

Both inside and outside the academy, identifications of Islam as a terrorist threat have gained traction during the on-going War on Terror. William Cavanaugh’s conceptualization and critique of what he calls “the myth of religious violence” claims to offer a critique of these identifications. This critique has been influential across a variety of disciplines. In this article, I assess both his more philosophical-critical and his more theological-constructive accounts of religion to argue that Cavanaugh’s myth is, essentially, apologetics. Cavanaugh’s apologetics for the church camouflages the differential treatment of religions during the War on Terror. If it has been about a myth at all, then the War on Terror has been about the myth of Muslim violence. Christianity past and present has condoned and contributed to this very myth. What is needed, then, is a conception and a critique of “religion” that, in contrast to Cavanaugh’s analysis, can account for the significance of Christianity for the differential treatment of religions in the public square, both descriptively and prescriptively.
Thermally Drawn Multi-material Fibers Based on Polymer Nanocomposite for Continuous Temperature Sensing
Authors: Ryu Woo Mi , Lee Yunheum , Son Yeonzu , Park Geonho , Park Seongjun
Published: June 2023

With increasing personalized healthcare, fiber-based wearable temperature sensors that can be incorporated into textiles have attracted more attention in the field of wearable electronics. Here, we present a flexible, well-passivated, polymer–nanocomposite–based fiber temperature sensor fabricated by a thermal drawing process of multiple materials. We engineered a preform to optimize material processability and sensor performance by considering the rheological and functional properties of the preform materials. The fiber temperature sensor consisted of a temperature-sensing core made from a conductive polymer
composite of thermoplastic polylactic acid, a conductive carbon filler, reduced graphene oxide, and a highly flexible linear low-density polyethylene passivation layer. Our fiber temperature sensor exhibited adequate sensitivity (− 0.285%/°C) within a temperature range of 25–45 °C with rapid response and recovery times of 11.6 and 14.8 s, respectively. In addition, it demonstrated a consistent and reliable temperature response under repeated mechanical and chemical stresses, which satisfied the requirements for the long-term application of wearable fiber sensors. Furthermore, the fiber temperature sensor sewn onto a daily cloth and hand glove exhibited a highly stable performance in response to body temperature changes and temperature detection by touch. These results indicate the great potential of this sensor for applications in wearable, electronic skin, and other biomedical devices.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic De-escalation on Critically Ill Patient Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Aldardeer Namareq , Qushmaq Ismael , AlShehail Bashayer , Ismail Nadia , AlHameed Abrar , Damfu Nader , Al Musawa Mohammad , Nadhreen Renad , Kalkatawi Bayader , Saber Bashaer , Nasser Mohannad , Ramdan Aiman , Thabit Abrar , Aldhaeefi Mohammed , Al Shukairi Abeer
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Antibiotic de-escalation (ADE) in critically ill patients is controversial. Previous studies mainly focused on mortality; however, data are lacking about superinfection. Therefore, we aimed to identify the impact of ADE versus continuation of therapy on superinfections rate and other outcomes in critically ill patients.

Methods

This was a two-center retrospective cohort study of adults initiated on broad-spectrum antibiotics in the intensive care unit (ICU) for ≥ 48 h. The primary outcome was the superinfection rate. Secondary outcomes included 30-day infection recurrence, ICU and hospital length of stay, and mortality.

Results

250 patients were included, 125 in each group (ADE group and continuation group). Broad spectrum antibiotic discontinuation occurred at a mean of 7.2 ± 5.2 days in the ADE arm vs. 10.3 ± 7.7 in the continuation arm (P value = 0.001). Superinfection was numerically lower in the ADE group (6.4% vs. 10.4%; P = 0.254), but the difference was not significant. Additionally, the ADE group had shorter days to infection recurrence (P = 0.045) but a longer hospital stay (26 (14–46) vs. 21 (10–36) days; P = 0.016) and a longer ICU stay (14 (6–23) vs. 8 (4–16) days; P = 0.002).

Conclusion

No significant differences were found in superinfection rates among ICU patients whose broad-spectrum antibiotics were de-escalated versus patients whose antibiotics were continued. Future research into the association between rapid diagnostics with antibiotic de-escalation in the setting of high resistance is warranted.
Analysing Dewey’s vocational aspects of education and Maslow’s theory of motivation in support of vocational education and training
Authors: Takyi Mensah Elijah , Chen Mingkun , Ntim Seth Yeboah , Gabrah Antoinette
Published: June 2023

Aim

The aim of this article is to analyse Dewey’s writing on vocational aspects of education in his book Democracy and Education: An introduction to the philosophy of education to identify and to relate the main philosophical ideas to Maslow’s theory of motivation and to establish the key similarities between the two theories to support contemporary Vocational Education and Training.

Concept.

The paper used content analysis to identify key themes from Dewey's vocational aspect of education and synthesised them with Maslow's theory of motivation. Based on both theories the article describes how motivation is critical in people’s pursuit of vocational career goals.

Result

The study identified source of livelihood, sustainable livelihood, social recognition, social contributions, academic, and career progression from Dewey’s vocational aspect of education as key ideas that are like Maslow’s physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs that influence people’s choice in vocational career goals.

Conclusion

We argue that if contemporary vocational education and training can be attractive to the young generation, the ideas expressed in Dewey’s vocational aspect of education and Maslow’s hierarchy of motivation should be considered by vocational education and training stakeholders when making vocational education career choice or goals.
Anatomical and molecular characterization of some rhigonematid parasites of millipedes in Nigeria, with new insights into their phylogeny
Authors: Fabiyi O.A. , Bello T.T. , Liébanas G. , Clavero-Camacho I. , Cantalapiedra-Navarrete C. , Archidona-Yuste A. , Palomares-Rius J.E. , Hunt D.J. , Castillo P.
Published: June 2023

Parasitic nematodes of millipedes from Nigeria are molecularly characterized for the first time. During nematode surveys on live giant African millipedes from several localities in Nigeria, 4 species of rhigonematids were identified by application of integrative taxonomical approaches (morpho-anatomy and molecular markers), including Brumptaemilius sp., Gilsonema gabonensis, Obainia pachnephorus, and Rhigonema disparovis. The results of morphometric and molecular analyses of D2-D3 28S, ITS, partial 18S rRNA, and cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences further characterized the rhigonematid species, and clearly separated them from other related species. Phylogenetic relationships based on 28S and 18S rRNA genes suggest that genera within Ransomnematoidea (Ransomnema, Heth, Carnoya, Brumptaemilius, Cattiena, Insulanema, Gilsonema) and Rhigonematoidea (Rhigonema, Obainia, Xystrognathus, Trachyglossoides, Ichthyocephaloides) clustered rather closer than could be expected in view of their morphological differences. Phylogenetic relationships based on ITS and COI are congruent with those of other ribosomal genes; however, they are not conclusive due to the scarcity of available sequences of these genes for these genera in NCBI.
Political regimes and firms' decisions to pay bribes: theory and evidence from firm-level surveys
Authors: Nishioka Shuichiro , Sharma Sumi , Le Tuan Viet
Published: June 2023

This paper makes the most of the observed actions of bribe takers and givers from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys and studies how a taker's action influences a giver's decision to pay bribes. To motivate our empirical study, we consider Kaufmann and Wei's (1999) Stackelberg game between a tax authority and a firm that undergoes tax inspection. The model predicts that, when the authority can use its action as a credible threat for the firm's profitability, the authority disturbs the firm by inspecting more, and the firm is more likely to pay bribes. Consistent with the theoretical prediction, we find correlational evidence that the propensity to pay bribes increases with the number of inspection visits, particularly for non-democratic countries.
Population-based cohort study of oral contraceptive use and risk of depression
Authors: Johansson T. , Vinther Larsen S. , Bui M. , Ek W. E. , Karlsson T. , Johansson Å.
Published: June 2023

Aim

Research on the effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use on the risk of depression shows inconsistent findings, especially in adult OC users. One possible reason for this inconsistency is the omission of women who discontinue OCs due to adverse mood effects, leading to healthy user bias. To address this issue, we aim to estimate the risk of depression that is associated with the initiation of OCs as well as the effect of OC use on lifetime risk of depression.

Methods

This is a population-based cohort study based on data from 264,557 women from the UK Biobank. Incidence of depression was addressed via interviews, inpatient hospital or primary care data. The hazard ratio (HR) between OC use and incident depression was estimated by multivariable Cox regression with OC use as a time-varying exposure. To validate causality, we examined familial confounding in 7,354 sibling pairs.

Results

We observed that the first 2 years of OC use were associated with a higher rate of depression compared to never users (HR = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.55–1.88). Although the risk was not as pronounced beyond the first 2 years, ever OC use was still associated with an increased lifetime risk of depression (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.09). Previous OC use were associated with a higher rate of depression compared to never users, with adolescent OC users driving the increased hazard (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.12–1.25). No significant association were observed among adult OC users who had previously used OCs (HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.95–1.04). Notably, the sibling analysis provided further evidence for a causal effect of OC use on the risk of depression.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the use of OCs, particularly during the first 2 years, increases the risk of depression. Additionally, OC use during adolescence might increase the risk of depression later in life. Our results are consistent with a causal relationship between OC use and depression, as supported by the sibling analysis. This study highlights the importance of considering the healthy user bias as well as family-level confounding in studies of OC use and mental health outcomes. Physicians and patients should be aware of this potential risk when considering OCs, and individualized risk–benefit assessments should be conducted.
Komplementäre Therapien bei Depression
Authors: Kollak Ingrid
Published: June 2023

Die häufig gestellte Diagnose Depression erfordert eine genauere Betrachtung 
Dieses Buch stellt Menschen vor, die unter Depressionen leiden. Sie erleben Panikattacken, Trauer und Wut, Angst vor dem Altern, Alkoholabhängigkeit. 
Die meisten Betroffenen bekommen Medikamente gegen ihre Depressionen. Ohne genauere Betrachtung der Lebensumstände, Gewohnheiten, Erlebnisse usw. nehmen sie Beruhigungstabletten und Schlafmittel, Antidepressiva und Johanniskraut und wollen schnell wieder gesund werden. So leicht geht das leider selten. Oft gibt es Nebenwirkungen, Depressionen wiederholen sich, eine Medikamentenabhängigkeit tritt auf, langwierige Entzugstherapien werden erforderlich. 
Behandlungsleitlinien bewerten die Wirksamkeit von Psychotherapien als sehr hoch. Was Psychotherapien beinhalten, wie sie vorgehen und worauf sie abzielen, wird am Beispiel der Systemischen Therapie, Kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie, Tiefenpsychologischen Therapie, Klientenzentrierten Gesprächspsychotherapie und Familientherapie verdeutlicht. 
Wie Betroffene aktiv ihre Behandlung gestalten können, um aus ihrer Depression herauszufinden, zeigen Beispiele aus der Entspannungs- und Körperarbeit, aus Tanz, Meditation und Psychoedukation, dem kreativen Schreiben, Übungsjournalen, Stimmungstagebüchern u.v.m. 
Das Buch richtet sich an Fachleute aus der Ergo-, Physio-, Psychotherapie, Pflege und Medizin sowie an interessierte Betroffene und Angehörige. Es lädt ein, sich Standard- und komplementäre Therapien, wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse und individuelle Erfahrungen anzusehen, um eigene Ansichten zu reflektieren und mehr Selbstsorge zu leben. 

Aufbau und Inhalt 
•Auslöser für Depressionen 
•Krankheitserleben und Ursachenverständnis 
•Standardtherapien, Studienergebnisse und Erfahrungsberichte 
•Psychotherapien und ihre Vorgehensweisen 
•Komplementäre Methoden in ihrer Vielfalt
Family Caregiver Distress
Authors: Gallagher-Thompson Dolores , Bilbrey Ann Choryan , Qualls Sara Honn , Ghatak Rita , Trivedi Ranak , Waelde Lynn C.
Published: June 2023

Get the science on helping reduce stress in family caregivers of people with dementia:

Details the best tools for assessment and explores evidence-based approaches
Reflects on diversity, equity, and inclusion
Includes downloadable handouts

Guidance for supporting family caregivers on maintaining positive mental health
This is the first book that takes a “deep dive” to answer the questions that mental health providers encounter when working with family caregivers. Just what are the unique issues family caregivers face? How does this impact their mental health? What can providers do to help?

Based on research and clinical experiences of the authors, this volume in our Advances in Psychotherapy series focuses on examining the specific issues that caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia face. Practitioners learn about the best tools for assessment and which evidence-based interventions help reduce caregiver distress – including cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness and multicomponent intervention programs.
Resources in the appendix include a caretaker intake interview, and the book is interspersed with clinical vignettes that highlight issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion – making this is an essential text for mental health providers from a variety of disciplines including psychology, psychiatry, nursing, social work, marriage and family counseling, as well as trainees in these disciplines.
Improving Surface Wave Retrieval From Traffic Noise by Deconvolution of the Decomposed Wavefield
Authors: Cao Weiping , Huang Xuri , Hu Yezheng , Xu Yungui , Tang Jing , Yao Hai
Published: June 2023

Traffic noise is an important type of passive seismic data because it usually includes strong dispersive surface wave components and can be easily accessed. It can be used to extract virtual surface waves via seismic interferometry algorithms for the purpose of imaging subsurface shear wave velocity distribution. In this paper, we propose a scheme to improve the retrieval of surface waves from traffic noise recorded using linear arrays along traffic roads. By deconvolving the decomposed traffic noise wavefield, robust surface wave traces can be computed from a short noise record. First the far‐field component of the traffic noise recording is extracted and separated into unidirectionally propagating components. Then deconvolution interferometry is applied to these separated far‐field wavefield to extract surface wave Green's function. With this scheme, crosstalk noise and near‐field artifacts are excluded from the computation, and surface wave traces with high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) are achieved using short traffic noise traces. In a synthetic test virtual surface waves estimated with the proposed method show significantly higher SNR than those computed with the conventional interferometry workflows, and matches well with simulated active source traces. A field data example with traffic noise recorded in a distributed acoustic sensing experiment also shows that surface waves estimated using the proposed methodology demonstrate higher SNR than those computed with the conventional interferometry schemes and that the virtual surface waves generated using 4 s of traffic noise demonstrate signal quality comparable to the surface waves recorded in this experiment with an active source.
Some Backscatter Modeling Issues Complicating the Sonar‐Based Monitoring of Suspended Sediments in Rivers
Authors: Vergne Adrien , Le Coz Jérôme , Berni Céline
Published: June 2023

The measurement of suspended sediments from acoustic backscatter was originally developed in marine science for monitoring near‐bottom suspensions usually composed of sand particles. In the last decade, there has been a growing interest in adapting these techniques to rivers. The so‐called “solid particle theory” developed in oceanography mainly applies to suspensions of non‐cohesive solid particles producing incoherent backscatter signal. So far, this theory has been used for interpreting river backscatter even if it relies on assumptions that are not obviously met in rivers. This study uses a set of measurements made on the Rhône River in France to discuss the typical issues which challenge the interpretation of sound backscattering for monitoring suspended sediments in rivers. Large discrepancies between model outputs and measurements for frequencies lower than 2.5 MHz suggest that other scattering processes including flocculation and air micro‐bubbles may have a large impact on acoustic backscatter and attenuation. Deviations of the backscatter echo distribution from Rayleigh statistics were observed, suggesting that the assumption of incoherent backscattering is not always met. This work calls for the development of a more complete theory for interpreting river backscatter.
Forecasting >300 MeV SEP Events: Extending SPARX to High Energies
Authors: Waterfall C. O. G. , Dalla S. , Marsh M. S. , Laitinen T. , Hutchinson A.
Published: June 2023

The forecasting of solar energetic particles (SEPs) is a prominent area of space weather research. Numerous forecasting models exist that predict SEP event properties at proton energies <100 MeV. One of these models is the Solar Particle Radiation SWx (SPARX) system, a physics‐based forecasting tool that calculates >10 and >60 MeV flux profiles within minutes of a flare being detected. This work describes SPARX−H, the extension of SPARX to forecast SEP events above 300 MeV. SPARX−H predicts fluxes in three high energy channels up to several 100 MeV. Correlations between SEP peak flux and peak intensity of the associated solar flare are seen to be weak at high energies, but improved when events are grouped based on the field polarity during the event. Initial results from this new high energy forecasting tool are presented here and the applications of high energy forecasts are discussed. Additionally, the new high energy version of SPARX is tested on a set of historic SEP events. We see that SPARX−H performs best when predicting peak fluxes from events with source locations in well‐connected regions, where many large SEP events tend to originate.
α-KG inhibits tumor growth of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by inducing ROS and TP53-mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Cai Yiqing , Lv Liemei , Lu Tiange , Ding Mengfei , Yu Zhuoya , Chen Xiaomin , Zhou Xiangxiang , Wang Xin
Published: June 2023

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of human malignancies. Dysregulation of glutamine metabolism is essential for tumorigenesis, microenvironment remodeling, and therapeutic resistance. Based on the untargeted metabolomics sequencing, we identified that the glutamine metabolic pathway was up-regulated in the serum of patients with primary DLBCL. High levels of glutamine were associated with inferior clinical outcomes, indicative of the prognostic value of glutamine in DLBCL. In contrast, the derivate of glutamine alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) was negatively correlated with the invasiveness features of DLBCL patients. Further, we found that treatment with the cell-permeable derivative of α-KG, known as DM-αKG, significantly suppressed tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and non-apoptotic cell death. Accumulation of a-KG promoted oxidative stress in double-hit lymphoma (DHL), which depended on malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1)-mediated 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) conversion. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributed to ferroptosis induction by promoting lipid peroxidation and TP53 activation. In particular, TP53 overexpression derived from oxidative DNA damage, further leading to the activation of ferroptosis-related pathways. Our study demonstrated the importance of glutamine metabolism in DLBCL progression and highlighted the potential application of α-KG as a novel therapeutic strategy for DHL patients.
Oculofaciocardiodental syndrome caused by a novel BCOR variant
Authors: Yamashita Tomoyo , Hotta Junko , Jogu Yukiko , Sakai Eri , Ono Chie , Bamba Haruka , Suzuki Hisato , Yamada Mamiko , Takenouchi Toshiki , Kosaki Kenjiro , Yorifuji Tohru , Hamazaki Takashi , Seto Toshiyuki
Published: June 2023

Oculofaciocardiodental syndrome is caused by variants in the BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) gene. We identified a novel heterozygous frameshift variant, NM_001123385.2(BCOR):c.2326del, that arose de novo in a Japanese girl with characteristic facial features, congenital heart disease, bilateral syndactyly of toes 2 and 3, congenital cataracts, dental abnormalities, and mild intellectual disability. Reports of BCOR variants are rare, and further case accumulation is warranted.
Tailoring magnetic hysteresis of additive manufactured Fe-Ni permalloy via multiphysics-multiscale simulations of process-property relationships
Authors: Yang Yangyiwei , Oyedeji Timileyin David , Zhou Xiandong , Albe Karsten , Xu Bai-Xiang
Published: June 2023

Designing the microstructure of Fe-Ni permalloy produced by additive manufacturing (AM) opens new avenues to tailor its magnetic properties. Yet, AM-produced parts suffer from spatially inhomogeneous thermal-mechanical and magnetic responses, which are less investigated in terms of process modeling and simulations. We present a powder-resolved multiphysics-multiscale simulation scheme for describing magnetic hysteresis in AM-produced material, explicitly considering the coupled thermal-structural evolution with associated thermo-elasto-plastic behaviors and chemical order-disorder transitions. The residual stress is identified as the key thread in connecting the physical processes and phenomena across scales. By employing this scheme, we investigate the dependence of the fusion zone size, the residual stress and plastic strain, and the magnetic hysteresis of AM-produced Fe21.5Ni78.5on beam power and scan speed. Simulation results also suggest a phenomenological relation between magnetic coercivity and average residual stress, which can guide the magnetic hysteresis design of soft magnetic materials by choosing appropriate processing parameters.
The roles of theaflavins in reducing dentin erosion
Authors: Guo Jing , Yang Mingqi , Hu Mengna
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of theaflavins [TFs] on the process of dentin erosion and investigation the potential mechanism. For erosion kinetics of the dentin, 7 experimental groups (n = 5) treated with 10% ethanol [EtOH] (negative control) are erosion for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 d erosion cycles (4 cycles/d). For the effect of TFs on dentin erosion, 6 experimental groups (n = 5) were treated with 1% epigallocatechin gallate [EGCG], 1% chlorhexidine [CHX], 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8% TFs for the 30 s and then subjected to erosion cycles (4 cycles/d for 7 d). The erosive dentin wear (μm) and surface morphology were evaluated and compared by laser scanning confocal microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibition effects of TFs were investigated using in situ zymography and molecular docking. TFs-treated collagen was investigated by ultimate microtensile strength, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and molecular docking. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey’s test (P < 0.05). The TFs-treated groups (7.56 ± 0.39, 5.29 ± 0.61, 3.28 ± 0.33, and 2.62 ± 0.99 μm for 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8% TFs) had significantly lower erosive dentin wear than the negative control group (11.23 ± 0.82 μm), and the effect was concentration-dependent at low concentrations (P < 0.05). TFs inhibit matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]. Moreover, TFs crosslink dentin collagen and cause hydrophilic changes in dentin collagen. TFs preserve organic matrix within the demineralized dentin by inhibiting MMP activity and simultaneously improving collagen’s resistance to enzymes, both of which contribute to preventing or slowing down the progression of dentin erosion.
Bone aerophones from Eynan-Mallaha (Israel) indicate imitation of raptor calls by the last hunter-gatherers in the Levant
Authors: Davin Laurent , Tejero José-Miguel , Simmons Tal , Shaham Dana , Borvon Aurélia , Tourny Olivier , Bridault Anne , Rabinovich Rivka , Sindel Marion , Khalaily Hamudi , Valla François
Published: June 2023

Direct evidence for Palaeolithic sound-making instruments is relatively rare, with only a few examples recorded from Upper Palaeolithic contexts, particularly in European cultures. However, theoretical considerations suggest that such artefacts have existed elsewhere in the world. Nevertheless, evidence for sound production is tenuous in the prehistoric archaeological record of the Levant, the study of music and its evolution being sparsely explored. Here we report new evidence for Palaeolithic sound-making instruments from the Levant with the discovery of seven aerophones made of perforated bird bones in the Final Natufian site of Eynan-Mallaha, Northern Israel. Through technological, use-wear, taphonomic, experimental and acoustical analyses, we demonstrate that these objects were intentionally manufactured more than 12,000 years ago to produce a range of sounds similar to raptor calls and whose purposes could be at the crossroads of communication, attracting hunting prey and music-making. Although similar aerophones are documented in later archaeological cultures, such artificial bird sounds were yet to be reported from Palaeolithic context. Therefore, the discovery from Eynan-Mallaha contributes new evidence for a distinctive sound-making instrument in the Palaeolithic. Through a combined multidisciplinary approach, our study provides important new data regarding the antiquity and development of the variety of sound-making instruments in the Palaeolithic at large and particularly at the dawn of the Neolithic in the Levant.
The effect of an interactive weekly text-messaging intervention on retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV care: a randomised controlled trial (WelTel PMTCT)
Authors: Nordberg Björn , van der Kop Mia Liisa , Mwangi Winfred , Mwangi Jonathan , Kaguiri Eunice , Chamorro de Angeles Katrine J. , Lester Richard T. , Gabriel Erin E. , Rautiainen Susanne , Awiti Patricia Opondo , Kågesten Anna E. , Were Edwin , Ekström Anna Mia
Published: June 2023

Retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) care is critical to prevent vertical HIV transmission and reduce morbidity and mortality of mother-infant pairs. We investigated whether weekly, interactive text-messaging improved 18-month postpartum retention in PMTCT care. This randomised, two-armed, parallel trial was conducted at six PMTCT clinics in western Kenya. Pregnant women with HIV at least 18 years of age with access to a mobile phone, able to text-message, or had somebody who could text on their behalf, were eligible. Participants were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio in block sizes of four to the intervention or control group. The intervention group received weekly text messages asking “How are you?” (“Mambo?” in Swahili) and were requested to respond within 48 h. Healthcare workers called women who indicated a problem or did not respond. The intervention was administered up to 24 months after delivery. Both groups received standard care. The primary outcome was retention in care at 18 months postpartum (i.e., clinic attendance 16–24 months after delivery based on data from patient files, patient registers and Kenya’s National AIDS and STI Control Programme database), which was analysed by intention-to-treat. Researchers and data collectors were masked to group assignment, while healthcare workers were not. Between June 25th, 2015, and July 5th, 2016, we randomly assigned 299 women to the intervention and 301 to standard care only. Follow-up concluded on July 26th, 2019. The proportion of women retained in PMTCT care at 18 months postpartum was not significantly different between the intervention (n = 210/299) and control groups (n = 207/301) (risk ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval 0.92–1.14, p = 0.697). No adverse events related to the mobile phone intervention were reported. Weekly, interactive text-messaging was not associated with improved retention in PMTCT care at 18 months postpartum or linkage to care up to 30 months postpartum in this setting. (ISRCTN No. 98818734).
Spin–orbit torque flash analog-to-digital converter
Authors: Ghanatian Hamdam , Benetti Luana , Anacleto Pedro , Böhnert Tim , Farkhani Hooman , Ferreira Ricardo , Moradi Farshad
Published: June 2023

Although analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are critical components in mixed-signal integrated circuits (IC), their performance has not been improved significantly over the last decade. To achieve a radical improvement (compact, low power and reliable ADCs), spintronics can be considered as a proper candidate due to its compatibility with CMOS and wide applications in storage, neuromorphic computing, and so on. In this paper, a proof-of-concept of a 3-bit spin-CMOS Flash ADC using in-plane-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junctions (i-MTJs) with spin–orbit torque (SOT) switching mechanism is designed, fabricated and characterized. In this ADC, each MTJ plays the role of a comparator whose threshold is set by the engineering of the heavy metal (HM) width. Such an approach can reduce the ADC footprint. Monte-Carlo simulations based on the experimental measurements show the process variations/mismatch limits the accuracy of the proposed ADC to 2 bits. Moreover, the maximum differential nonlinearity (DNL) and integral nonlinearity (INL) are 0.739 LSB (least significant bit) and 0.7319 LSB, respectively.