bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Access to nitrogen-nitrogen bond-containing heterocycles through substrate promiscuity of piperazate synthases
Authors: Li Yongxin , Osipyan Angelina , de Kok Niels A.W. , Schröder Simon , Founti Maria , Fodran Peter , van Merkerk Ronald , Maier Artur , Tischler Dirk , Schmidt Sandy
Published: February 2025

The nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bond motif comprises an important class of compounds for drug discovery. Synthetic methods are primarily based on the modification of N-N or N=N precursors, whereas selective methods for direct N-N coupling offer advantages in terms of atom economy and sustainability. In this context, enzymes such as piperazate synthases (PZSs), which naturally catalyze the N-N cyclization of L-N5-hydroxyornithine to the cyclic hydrazine L-piperazate, may allow an expansion of the current narrow range of chemical approaches for N-N coupling. In this study, we demonstrate that PZSs are able to catalyze the conversion of various N-hydroxylated diamines, which are different from the natural substrate. The N-hydroxylated diamines were obtained in situ using N-hydroxylating monooxygenases (NMOs), allowing subsequent cyclization by PZS, ultimately forming the N-N bond to yield various N-N bond-containing heterocycles. Using bioinformatic tools, we identified novel NMO and PZS homologs that exhibit distinct activity and stereoselectivity profiles. The screened panel yielded 17 hydroxylated diamines and new promiscuous NMOs, thereby expanding the substrate range of NMOs resulting in the formation of previously poorly accessible N-hydroxylated products as substrates for PZS. The subsequently investigated PZSs led to a series of 5- and 6-membered N-N bond-containing heterocycles, and the most promiscuous catalysts were used to scale up and optimize the synthesis, yielding the desired N-N bond-containing heterocycles with up to 45% isolated yield. Overall, our data provides essential insights into the substrate promiscuity and activity of NMOs and PZSs, further enhancing the potential of these biocatalysts for an expanded range of N-N coupling reactions.
Intra-articular injections of polynucleotides for joint preconditioning before the injections of bionic cross-link hyaluronic acid. Case report
Authors: Svintsitskaya Irina S. , Volkov Konstantin Yu. , Chetaikin Storm Aleksei
Published: February 2025

The article discusses intra-articular injections of polynucleotides (PN) for joint preconditioning before the injections of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HA) in the context of treating osteoarthritis (OA). OA is still one of the significant problems that affect patients' quality of life, causing pain and limiting joint mobility. Conventional therapy, including HA injections, has shown encouraging results, especially using cross-linked HA being studied for its long-lasting therapeutic effect. However, in practice, the lack of a proper response to treatment in patients with active synovitis determines the need for new methods of joint preconditioning for injection. The article discusses approaches to preconditioning, including PN use, to improve treatment outcomes. PN-based agents potentially promote tissue repair and improve the perception of HA injections. The results of preliminary studies emphasize the importance of this strategy in the practice of orthopedic and rheumatological care, indicating the possibility of significantly improving the quality of life of OA patients through an integrated approach to intra-articular therapy.
The Growth in the Supply of Legislation in New Zealand
Authors: Gill Derek , Shipman Stevie , Simpson Karl
Published: February 2025

The number of words used in the New Zealand statutes has grown steadily since 1908, but dramatically from the 1960s. The growthrate is similar under both Labour and National administrations and does not coincide with conventional narratives of deregulation and re-regulation. This growth in the New Zealand statute book was not the result of technical factors such as plain language drafting or greater use of secondary rules. Instead, the growth reflects substantive factors, with increases in the depth and the breadth of regulation. Regulatory inflation and policy accumulation are general trends not unique to New Zealand. More research is needed to underpin careful stewardship of the stock of regulation without resorting to arbitrary policy rules such as a ‘two for one’ policy.
Research on the Application of the Production-Oriented Approach in Teaching Chinese Culture as a Foreign Language
Authors: Niu Wenjun
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the production-oriented approach has been applied in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, providing a new perspective for language and cultural instruction. Currently, several issues exist in cultural teaching, such as the lack of in-depth cultural input, insufficient training in cross-cultural communication skills, and the over-stylization of cultural teaching in the classroom. The production-oriented approach offers a solution to these challenges. This paper seeks to introduce the production-oriented method into the teaching of Chinese culture as a foreign language, using silk culture as a case study for teaching design. The aim is to implement cultural teaching through a new instructional model and to promote the spread of Chinese silk culture.
Research Progress on Risk Factors for Endometrial Lesions in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women with Endometrial Thickening
Authors: Song Yan , Zhang Chengling , Luo Tian , Li Nana
Published: February 2025

As of 2023, endometrial cancer (EC) ranks second among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China, following cervical cancer, posing a significant burden on the country’s healthcare system. Postmenopausal asymptomatic endometrial thickening is primarily benign, often involving endometrial polyps. However, previous clinical studies indicate a relatively high malignancy rate for postmenopausal endometrial polyps, suggesting the necessity for active intervention, particularly in cases with high-risk factors for EC. This article reviews the research progress on risk factors for endometrial lesions in postmenopausal patients with asymptomatic endometrial thickening, aiming to provide insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques to Enhance Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis Using Resting-State EEG Data
Authors: Han Lina , Li Liyan , Chen Yanyan , Wu Xiaohan , Yu Yang , Liu Xu , Yang Zihan , Li Ling , Peng Xinxian
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study investigates the auxiliary role of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in the clinical diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using machine learning techniques. Methods: Resting-state EEG recordings were obtained from 57 children, comprising 28 typically developing children and 29 children diagnosed with ADHD. The EEG signal data from both groups were analyzed. To ensure analytical accuracy, artifacts and noise in the EEG signals were removed using the EEGLAB toolbox within the MATLAB environment. Following preprocessing, a comparative analysis was conducted using various ensemble learning algorithms, including AdaBoost, GBM, LightGBM, RF, XGB, and CatBoost. Model performance was systematically evaluated and optimized, validating the superior efficacy of ensemble learning approaches in identifying ADHD. Conclusion: Applying machine learning techniques to extract features from resting-state EEG signals enabled the development of effective ensemble learning models. Differential entropy and energy features across multiple frequency bands proved particularly valuable for these models. This approach significantly enhances the detection rate of ADHD in children, demonstrating high diagnostic efficacy and sensitivity, and providing a promising tool for clinical application.
Effect of Nursing Interventions Based on APACHE II Scores on Gastrointestinal Function Recovery Time in Patients with Severe Pancreatitis
Authors: Wu Yinfeng
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the application effect of nursing interventions based on APACHE II scores in patients with severe pancreatitis and its impact on the recovery time of the gastrointestinal function. Methods: A total of 86 patients with severe pancreatitis treated in our hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected. Using a random number table method, the patients were divided into a control group receiving conventional nursing care and a study group receiving nursing interventions based on APACHE II scores, with 43 patients in each group. The intervention effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The recovery time of gastrointestinal function in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the quality of life scores in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Nursing interventions based on APACHE II scores can shorten gastrointestinal recovery time and reduce complications in patients with severe pancreatitis, contributing to improved quality of life.
C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT) Combined Testing in the Diagnosis of Elderly Patients with Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Li Bingzhi
Published: February 2025

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of combined testing of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in elderly patients with bacterial pneumonia. Methods: This study included 50 elderly patients with bacterial pneumonia as the observation group and 50 patients with non-bacterial pneumonia as the control group, recruited from May 2022 to October 2023. Fasting venous blood samples were collected in the morning from all 100 participants. CRP levels were measured using a fully automated biochemical analyzer, while PCT levels were detected using the immunoturbidimetric luminescence method. Results: CRP and PCT levels were significantly higher in bacterial pneumonia patients [(98.25 ± 11.59) mg/L and (3.57 ± 1.35) μg/L, respectively] compared to the control group [(5.55 ± 2.78) mg/L and (0.25 ± 0.12) μg/L, respectively], with significant intergroup differences (P < 0.05). Patients with severe bacterial pneumonia exhibited higher serum CRP and PCT levels compared to those with moderate or mild disease (P < 0.05). The combined testing of CRP and PCT showed higher sensitivity and specificity than individual tests. In the observation group, CRP and PCT levels significantly decreased after treatment compared to pre-treatment levels. Conclusion: The combination of CRP and PCT testing provides high diagnostic accuracy for bacterial pneumonia in elderly patients. It effectively differentiates bacterial from non-bacterial infections, offering valuable data to guide clinical treatment.
The Relationship Between Hemoglobin Levels of Pregnant Mothers and Low Birth Weight at Dr. Moewardi Regional Hospital Surakarta
Authors: Fikritama Aisya , Liandoro Otniel , Sekarhandini Pitra , Vidya Pridania
Published: February 2025

Background: Anemia is one of the nutritional problems commonly encountered in pregnant women. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that approximately 37% of pregnant women worldwide experience anemia. This condition reduces the amount of oxygen and nutrient supply available in the mother's blood, which can disrupt the development and growth of the fetus. The growth disturbances in the fetus can be evaluated through anthropometric examinations, such as measuring the birth weight of the baby. This study aims to determine the relationship between hemoglobin levels in pregnant women and the incidence of low birth weight.
Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Regional Hospital in Surakarta from May to July 2024. A total of 68 pragnant women selected for this study. The dependent variable was newborn baby weight. The independent variable was hemoglobin levels of pregnant women in the third trimester. The data obtained from patient medical records. The data analyzed using a multiple logistic regression.   
Results: Low Hb levels (anemia) increase the incidence of LBW. Pregnant women with low Hb levels (anemia) have a 2.30 times greater risk of experiencing LBW compared to pregnant women with normal HB levels, but this result was not statistically significant (OR= 2.30; 95% CI = 0.14 to 38.63; p = 0.563).
Conclusion: Low Hb levels increase the incidence of LBW, but it is not statistically.
Impact of a Structured Group Exercise Intervention on COPD Management and Academic Performance in College Students
Authors: Chougule Uma Subhash , Alaria Ramdeva Ram
Published: February 2025

A large body of research has shown a connection between COPD and occupational exposures. Coal miners are at increased risk for developing COPD if they breathe in the dust that is common in the industry. There were two sets of 81 people, spanning 36–60 years old, who worked for coal mining businesses and had stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These individuals were identified at Stages II and III of the illness, respectively. A combination of conventional medical treatment and an integrated yoga curriculum was provided to the yoga group, whereas the control group only got conventional medical treatment. The participants did 90 minutes of yoga daily for 12 weeks. Yoga postures (asanas), breathing exercises (pranayama’s), relaxation techniques, and meditation are all a part of this time. The individuals in the control group were added to a yoga waiting list and given the opportunity to rejoin the programme after 12 weeks, if they were still interested. The following outcomes were noted in the yoga group after the intervention: CAT scores, dyspnea, fatigue, depression, anxiety, pulse rate, respiration rate, pain (P<0.001), and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic). When compared to coal miners getting conventional therapy for COPD, those who participated in a 12-week yoga course showed greater improvements in respiratory, autonomic, and psychophysiological parameters. Yoga has the ability to alleviate alleviate COPD symptoms by restoring the body's natural defenses against stress and the brain.
AN REVIEW FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN INDIA: A STUDY
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Rajneesh
Published: February 2025

Human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms that are inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. These rights are considered universal, inalienable, and indivisible. They encompass a broad range of principles and values aimed at ensuring dignity, equality, and justice for every individual. The concept of human rights has evolved over centuries and is enshrined in various international documents, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948. The UDHR serves as a foundational document outlining the basic rights and freedoms to which all human beings are entitled. Every individual has the right to life, liberty, and security of person. Individuals have the right to express their opinions, beliefs, and ideas freely, without censorship or restraint. All human beings are equal in dignity and rights, regardless of factors such as race, gender, religion, or social status. Right to education: Everyone has the right to education, which should be free, compulsory, and directed to the full development of the human personality. Individuals should not be discriminated against on the basis of race, ethnicity, gender, religion, disability, or any other status. Every person has the right to a fair and public trial by an impartial tribunal. Right to work and just and favorable conditions of work: Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, and to just and favorable conditions of work.Right to freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment. These are just a few examples of the many human rights recognized and protected by international law. Governments, international organizations, and civil society groups play crucial roles in promoting and protecting human rights, both domestically and globally. Despite progress in many areas, violations of human rights continue to occur in various parts of the world, underscoring the ongoing importance of advocacy, education, and activism in advancing the cause of human rights.
Biology of the Anthocorid Bug, Cardiastethus exiguus on UV Irradiated Eggs of Corcyra cephalonica
Authors:   Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore- 560065, India, B N BALAJI , MULIMANI VIDYA MULIMANI ,   Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore- 560065, India
Published: February 2025

Cardiastethus exiguus Poppius is a beneficial predatory anthocorid
bug. The biology of C. exiguus was studied on eggs of the alternate
host, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) in the laboratory, at 28 ± 20C and
relative humidity of 70%. The results revealed that C. exiguous had
three life stages: egg, nymph and adult. Eggs of C. exiguus were thrust
within the plant tissue and hatched after a mean incubation period of
3.5 days. Nymphs, when reared on UV sterilized eggs of C. cephalonica,
developed normally with five instars, each having a mean duration of
3.50, 3.00, 2.50, 4.50 and 6.00 days, respectively. The adults were
reared on UV-irradiated eggs of C. cephalonica. The mean longevity of
the adults was found to be 46.5 days.
Demarketing as A Demand Management Strategy: A Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping Approach
Authors: Yıldırım İrem , Eren Duygu
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the literature on demarketing strategies by analysing their potential integration within the framework of If-Then relationships in sustainable tourism and tourist demand management. 39 individuals responsible for the tourism industry were interviewed, and respondents were asked about the impact of tourism on Cappadocia’s economy, culture, and society. Cognitive maps were then created according to the responses, and a list of variables was compiled. These maps were subjected to analysis on a computer using the technique of fuzzy cognitive mapping, with outputs generated based on a structural analysis of variables and an examination of the relationships between them, using a method known as ‘if-then’ reasoning. Structural analysis identified 114 variables and 841 connections. The initial 10 central variables were included in the study. The most central variables were demand growth, destruction, income growth and investment opportunities. Furthermore, simulations based on if-then relationships have demonstrated that there are both positive and negative outcomes in the relationship networks of variables with one another. This finding serves to illustrate the dual nature of tourism growth. This study introduces a measurement technique to demand management and demarketing in tourism. Demarketing represents an effective instrument for achieving equilibrium in the context of intense demand in tourist destinations, thereby ensuring sustainability.
THE СONNECTIONS ESSENTIAL FOR THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEM ISSUES OF CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Benkivsky Volodymyr
Published: February 2025

The article considers causal and other connections essential and its significance for solving criminal law issues. The emphasis on the causal approach is carried out at the methodological level of research that is the basic concepts of cause and condition, system, structure, etc. are considered. The author draws attention to the fact that in addition to the cause, which has legal criminal significance, it is necessary to consider such elements of the causal complex as conditions, reasons, incentives, circumstances that are necessary to clarify the mechanism of causing legal value. The author notes that if the cause and condition based on their importance in criminal law have the characteristics of «full» factors, the reason, incentive, circumstances can be considered and evaluated as subcausal factors. These factors are taken into account in criminal law indirectly and, as the author notes, are rather criminal proceedings. The article separately considers the possibility of using among the causal factors of psychological attitude; it is noted that in accordance with the approaches of the psychological school of Professor Uznadze, the installation is considered at the subconscious level and can’t be considered in the implementation of criminal law assessments. The article mentions a number of other problems related to the causal approach in resolving issues of legal, criminal, and legal nature. In particular, attention is focused on the term «causal complex», the problem of the inverse effect of the consequence on the cause, the separation of «social» causality from «natural» and others. The author considers in the article the importance of conducting a causal analysis in the study of criminal law issues. It is noted that the methodological establishment of the criterion of the cause of the phenomenon (consequence) is also necessary in the case of ambiguous (several or more causes and consequences) causal connection or complex causality. The author notes that the «vector» of the causal connection is complicated given the previous aspects of the study.
LEGAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGION: A COMPARATIVE GROUPING OF THE COUNTRIES
Authors: Taylor Alla
Published: February 2025

The MENA region, though diverse in its composition, shares common cultural, economic, and political background that make it a unique and significant area on the global stage. Understanding the legal, economic, and social dynamics of MENA countries is crucial for addressing the challenges and opportunities in the context of international relations and global development. This grouping of MENA countries into leading, progressing, and emerging categories based on legal development is a new approach, introduced here for the first time. It offers a fresh perspective on the region’s diverse legal systems and highlights the varying stages of reform and modernization. By studying the achievements of leading countries like the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and others, we can see how focused legal changes, such as updating labor laws and advancing women’s rights, can enhance a country’s international image and provide great benefits to its population. This classification not only provides researchers with a clearer understanding of regional dynamics but also offers practical guidance for future studies and policy recommendations.
THE ROLE OF ORCHESTRA PERFORMANCE IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING BACHELOR OF MUSIC ARTS
Authors: Mozgalova Nataliia , Novosadov Yaroslav
Published: February 2025

The training of professional, qualified bachelors of musical art is relevant for art education. One of the key components of this process is orchestral performance. It has been determined that orchestral performance combines not only technical performing skills, but also the basics of musical interpretation and ensemble playing. The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of orchestral performance in the process of training bachelors of musical art. To achieve the goal of the article, the method of literature analysis and comparative method were used. It is noted that the value of orchestral performance in the process of training bachelors of musical art lies in the development of such skills as the enrichment of auditory representations, the development of skills necessary for solo and ensemble playing. Orchestral playing requires a high level of intonation mastery, rhythmic clarity, dynamic balance, synchronization of one's own part with others, the ability to listen to the parts of other performers. Also, playing in an orchestra provides applicants with the opportunity to master specific aspects of performance.
PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES OF ART DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Kapustin Pylyp
Published: February 2025

The article examines the key problems and challenges of digitalization of art in the modern cultural space. The impact of digital technologies on the creation, preservation and distribution of works of art is analyzed, both opportunities and risks of this transformation are identified. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of modern practices of digital art activities, including the study of the use of artificial intelligence, NFT technologies and other digital tools in art. Results Research has identified significant challenges in preserving the authenticity of works, ensuring the proper preservation of digital artifacts, and addressing copyright issues in the digital art space. Promising directions for the development of digital art are identified and ways to overcome the identified problems through the introduction of innovative technological solutions and improvement of the regulatory framework are proposed.
SUPPORT FOR SURVIVORS OF WAR-RELATED SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN UKRAINE
Authors: Shved Olha , Nokhrina Iryna
Published: February 2025

Sexual violence is one of the weapons against Ukraine and its citizens. Professionals, who work in state services and civil society organizations that care for victims of war-related sexual violence, need additional knowledge about how to provide effective psychosocial and legal support to survivors. A series of expert interviews were conducted with representatives of NGOs and state social centers to understand their needs in working with victims (n=44). The experience of specialists can help identify victims' problems and provide guidance to professionals on how to work more effectively to assist survivors of sexual violence. The author analyzes the capabilities of the state and public organizations to provide assistance to survivors of sexual violence that occurred during the war against Ukraine.
URBAN DYNAMICS BETWEEN CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES: THE CASE OF EL KHROUB, ALGERIA
Authors: Besma Bouteche , Rokia Guechiri
Published: February 2025

Since the mid-1970s, demographic concentration in Algeria has significantly influenced urban policies in major cities, prompting the transfer of surplus populations to peripheral areas. The socio-spatial dynamics of El Khroub, the second-largest city in the vicinity of Constantine, exemplify this developmental trend. The demographic alleviation of Constantine, the «mother city», toward El Khroub resulted in a remarkable transformation, rapidly elevating it from a village to a medium-sized city. This study aims to provide a retrospective analysis of El Khroub's evolution, focusing on the scale and circumstances of its spatial and social transformation. Utilizing both historical and analytical approaches, the research offers a comprehensive understanding of the city's development and the challenges that accompanied its rapid growth. While El Khroub gained opportunities from this policy, its rapid expansion also brought significant challenges. The findings highlight the complex relationship between development policies and urban dynamics, revealing both the benefits and drawbacks of rapid urban transformation.
MEMORY OF THE HOLOCAUST AS A DISTINCTION OF MODERN POLISH SOCIETY
Authors: Chekalenko Liudmyla
Published: February 2025

The Holocaust is one of the most tragic page in human history. The memory of this crime is not limited to one nation or region. The Holocaust left a bitter mark on societies around the world. In 2005, the United Nations declared the 27th of January as the International Holocaust Remembrance Day. On this day, various national communities, representatives of states, national and international organizations honor the memory of the victims of the Holocaust. This day is an important warning that should guide our decisions today, in light of the powerful slogan "Never Again". This slogan is associated with the Holocaust and other genocides. The European Model of Remembrance under the slogan "Never Again" commemorates everyone who fought against Nazism and Fashyzm. The victory is not attributed to any particular nation or state. It is primarily about memory and commemoration, not festive parades, because it is a War for Mankind. War is primarily human suffering and sacrifice. The European concept of memory emphasizes the human component of history, not just geopolitics and the military machine. The Day of Remembrance and Reconciliation and the Day of Victory over Nazism in the Second World War do not symbolize the triumph of the victors over the vanquished, but should be a reminder of a terrible catastrophe and an important warning. Our memory is a safeguard against such disasters ever happening again. We – the ukrainean society well knows the price of war, so we cherish Peace. The Holocaust – ", האושה catastrophe" – is not only a historical phenomenon. In light of the recent tragic events of Russia's brutal war against Ukraine, the denazification of the Ukrainian people by the Russian authorities in the center of Europe, the Holocaust is still today, unfortunately, is acute. This tragic past reminds us how terrible fascism is, which does not recognize humanity and cynically rejects the human right to life. How relevant is the topic of the Holocaust in modern European society, in particular, in Poland? What is the attitude of Polish society to the events of the Holocaust? The author talks about this in the submitted article.
THE EMERGENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF AZERBAIJAN AS A POST-SOVIET COUNTRY: THE PERIOD OF PRE-INDEPENDENCE
Authors: Yusubov Javid
Published: February 2025

The study examines the institutionalization of Azerbaijan's political system during the preindependence and Soviet eras, focusing on its unique political evolution from the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) to the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (Azerbaijan SSR). The ADR (1918–1920), as a secular republic, achieved significant democratic milestones, including a representative parliament and women’s suffrage, laying the groundwork for modern political institutions. However, the Soviet annexation replaced this with a centralized, one-party system under the Communist Party, which dominated governance. Despite political repression during the Soviet period, advancements in socio-economic sectors, particularly the oil industry, were notable. Heydar Aliyev’s leadership from 1969 significantly modernized Azerbaijan's economy and improved living conditions. In the 1980s, Gorbachev’s reforms and the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict intensified national movements, ultimately leading to Azerbaijan's independence in 1991. The study concludes that Azerbaijan’s political system reflects a dual legacy of democratic aspirations from the ADR and centralized control from the Soviet era, shaping its post-Soviet trajectory.
THE CONCEPT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS COMPONENTS
Authors: Nazrin Mirdamat Asadova
Published: February 2025

In conditions of constant change and instability, there arises a need to develop people's personal qualities in order to be more efficient in each type of activity. People's personal problems, the inability to achieve their goals, and the impossibility of achieving success in work lead to the development of neurotic conditions, increasing stress in people, which in turn results in a number of negative phenomena in society. Therefore, in any activity, the proper management of emotions is a component of intellectual capital. The analysis of research conducted in the field of emotional intelligence suggests that, in order to eliminate negative phenomena in any type of activity, factors affecting people's mental health should be studied. Along with intellectual development, the development of emotional intelligence should also be taken into account, and potential negative phenomena should either be prevented or their negative impact reduced.
DIGITAL AGE AND DEVIANT BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Mirzagayeva Reyhan Mirzağa
Published: February 2025

Problems of deviant behavior among adolescents and young people are extremely important in the world. The prevalence of social deviance among adolescents, who are the most socially vulnerable and psychologically vulnerable members of society, is of particular concern. The era of digitization creates both opportunities and challenges for teenagers. During this period, they acquire more information, build wider social relationships and express themselves differently. But not managing this process properly can have a negative impact on mental and emotional health. It is important that parents, education professionals and society provide more support for adolescents to use this period more beneficially. In the article, what is deviant behavior, what are its sectors, and the existing problems in this direction are comprehensively analyzed. The article also analyzed the concept of digitization, which is one of the main requirements of the modern era, and its negative and positive aspects on teenagers.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MANAGERIAL DECISION-MAKING
Authors: Vinnikova Viktoriia
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the psychological foundations of managerial decisionmaking in modern organizations. The work highlights key aspects of the decision-making process, in particular the influence of cognitive, emotional and social factors on the choice of managers. The main theories of decision-making are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to such aspects as the role of stress, psychological biases and groupthink in the formation of managerial decisions. Methods for increasing the efficiency of the decision-making process are considered. The results obtained have practical significance for improving managerial approaches in various areas of activity. The conclusions of the article are aimed at helping managers minimize the impact of psychological obstacles on effective decision-making.
CRITERIA FOR MONITORING AND ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE CENTER FOR PROVIDING ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES OF THE IRPIN CITY COUNCIL)
Authors: Horbata Liudmyla
Published: February 2025

The article considers approaches to assessing the quality of administrative services provided by the Center for Providing Administrative Services of the Irpin City Council, and also analyzes the criteria that can be used for their monitoring. In modern conditions, ensuring citizens' access to quality services is an important task of public administration bodies, which has a decisive impact on the development of a democratic society and citizens' trust in government bodies. Assessing the quality of administrative services is a key tool for identifying strengths and weaknesses in the provision of services, ensuring their accessibility and efficiency, as well as for developing recommendations for further improvement. Current approaches to monitoring the quality of administrative services are analyzed, citing specific criteria such as speed of service, accessibility, level of citizen satisfaction, staff qualifications, technical equipment of the center and transparency of the services provided. Based on the analysis of the performance indicators of the Center for Providing Administrative Services of the Irpin City Council, a comparative review with other similar institutions was carried out, which allows identifying specific aspects that require improvement. The role of digital technologies in ensuring the accessibility of administrative services and automating processes, which contributes to reducing bureaucratic barriers and increasing the efficiency of service, is highlighted. Special attention is paid to the development of a methodological framework for assessing the quality of service in the Centers, in particular, determining the requirements for collecting and analyzing feedback data from citizens, which helps to systematically monitor user satisfaction and respond to their needs. A comprehensive system of criteria is proposed that can be used by other Centers for the provision of administrative services in Ukraine to improve the quality of administrative services. The recommendations can be adapted for regional and national centers for the provision of public services, contributing to the improvement of the administrative service system and increasing the level of citizen satisfaction with the services of state institutions.
NORMATIVE AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE STRUCTURAL MODEL OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE FUNCTIONING OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES
Authors: Solovykh Vitalii
Published: February 2025

This article examines the normative and legal framework underpinning the structural model of public participation in the functioning of local authorities in Ukraine. Emphasizing the principles of transparency, accountability, and inclusiveness, the study analyzes key legislative acts, including the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law on Local Self-Government, and related regulations, that empower citizens to influence decision-making processes at the local level. The research highlights practical mechanisms such as public hearings, petitions, and participatory budgeting, while addressing challenges like formalism, low public awareness, and insufficient resources. The article proposes pathways to enhance citizen engagement, ensuring a more democratic and effective local governance system.
MILITARIZATION OF YOUTH CONSCIOUSNESS IN TEMPORARILY OCCUPIED CRIMEA
Authors: Horiunova Yevheniia
Published: February 2025

The article examines the main legislative foundations and highlights the key practices of Russian policies on the militarization of children and youth in the temporarily occupied Crimea. It is demonstrated that the Russian Federation is implementing a targeted, systematic policy of militarizing the consciousness of Crimean children and adolescents in order to impose a Russian identity and cultivate «Russian patriots». The key institutions and other actors involved in the policy of militarization, which are engaged in militarypatriotic education of Crimean children, are identified. These institutions aim to encourage Crimean youth to serve in the Russian army and fight in future wars on Russia's side. It is proved that the Russian authorities, alongside the use of several Soviet-era practices of militarizing consciousness, are introducing new ones that have a much greater effect (such as «carnivalization of war», oaths in churches, etc.). It is concluded that Russia's militarization policy on the temporarily occupied territories turns Ukrainian children into Russian hostages, forcing them to become part of the Russian military system.
PRIEST OMELYAN KOVCH IN THE NATIONAL MEMORY: BETWEEN A RELIGIOUS SYMBOL AND A NATIONAL HERO
Authors: Lytvynovska Yuliia
Published: February 2025

The article explores the role of priest Omelyan Kovch in Ukrainian national memory, analyzing his figure as both a religious symbol and a national hero. Omelyan Kovch, a priest of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, is known for his spiritual feat and heroic service during World War II, in particular for saving Jews from Nazi persecution, which led to his imprisonment and martyrdom in the Majdanek concentration camp. The article examines various aspects of his activities, including his participation in interfaith dialogue, his contribution to the preservation of the national identity of Ukrainians, and his international recognition as the «Righteous Among the Nations». The author examines the historical and cultural factors that influenced the formation of the image of Kovch as a symbol of Christian humanism and a moral example for modern Ukrainian society. The article analyzes the processes of beatification and commemoration of Kovch, revealing how his figure is integrated into the modern Ukrainian national discourse.
LATVIA’S LEGISLATIVE REFORMS IN RELIGIOUS POLICY: STRATEGIES FOR STRENGTHENING NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Yanauer Mechyslav
Published: February 2025

This article examines Latvia’s strategic approach to countering Russian influence through the religious sphere, focusing on the Latvian Orthodox Church’s transition to full independence. After regaining independence in 1991, Latvia faced the challenge of integrating a significant Russian-speaking minority, which affected the country’s religious landscape. The government enacted legislation to restore religious freedom and introduced specific laws for major denominations, including the Latvian Orthodox Church. In 2022, Latvia amended the law to commence the process of establishing full independence for the church, effectively reducing the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church. This cooperation between the state and the church enhanced national security without infringing on religious freedom. The study highlights how Latvia’s unique legal framework and policies can serve as a model for Ukraine, which faces similar challenges due to Russia’s hybrid warfare tactics that exploit religious affiliation. By adapting Latvia’s methods, Ukraine could strengthen national unity and resilience against external interference while preserving religious diversity and freedom.
USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ADOPTION OF AN ADMINISTRATIVE ACT
Authors: Kovalenko Larisa , Melnyk Valeria , Tsendrova Daryna , Myroshnichenko Kyrylo
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the role of information technologies in the adoption of administrative acts, in particular when they are used in the administrative process. The subject of the study. Various scientific approaches to defining the concept and functions of AI are analyzed, in particular as a computer program for data analysis, an intellectual system that surpasses human capabilities, and a cybernetic approach that encompasses an algorithmic model of cognitive functions. The legal status of AI in Ukraine is studied, the features of its regulation within the framework of national legislation, as well as problems associated with legal adaptation to international standards. Methodology. The research methodology is an analysis of modern approaches to defining the concept of artificial intelligence in the legal sphere, studying its legal status and identifying prospects for its implementation in the process of drawing up administrative acts. Purpose.To assess scientific approaches to defining the concept and functions of artificial intelligence, in particular in the context of legal regulation. To identify the main problems of the legal status of AI in Ukraine and the need to adapt national legislation to international standards. To analyze the possibilities of introducing AI into the process of drawing up administrative acts, in particular in the field of automation of decision-making and improving the motivational part of acts. To assess the risks and benefits of using AI in the legal sphere, in particular for identifying errors in administrative acts and reducing the human factor. To identify ways to improve legislative regulation regarding the use of AI in legal processes to ensure the efficiency and transparency of administrative procedures. Conclusions. The article also discusses the prospects for using AI to automate administrative processes, in particular in drawing up administrative acts, improving the motivational part and checking documents for errors. The authors emphasize the need to improve legislation and technical support to minimize the risks associated with the use of AI. The introduction of AI into administrative procedures, according to the study, has significant potential to increase efficiency, transparency and reduce administrative burdens on public authorities.
The Application and Innovative Development of Smart Classroom to College English Teaching
Authors: Min Wang
Published: February 2025

The core of the smart classroom teaching model is accurate learning situation analysis based on the information technology platform, effective teacher-student and student-student interactive and personalized teaching, and ultimately, students’ intelligent development. The college English smart classroom makes students deeply involved in the English classroom and promotes their independent learning ability, cooperative learning ability, and communicative ability, through the teaching design of online preview before class, inquiry learning and communication during class, and reflection after class.
Vulnerability and Impact Mechanisms of Social-Ecological Systems in Karst Desertification Control: An Analysis Based on Farm Household Survey Data
Authors: Chen Jiaying , Xiong Kangning , Luo Lu , Chen Yi
Published: February 2025

Vulnerability and its assessment framework provide a new perspective for the study of social-ecological systems in Karst regions. Drawing on theories related to social-ecological systems and vulnerability, this paper explores the measurement and interpretation of human-land relationships in Karst mountainous areas under the context of rocky desertification governance. From the perspective of sensitivity and adaptive capacity, an evaluation index system is constructed. Through participatory household surveys and field research, the vulnerability of local social-ecological systems based on households is measured, and the vulnerability of different types of households and regions is analyzed. Taking regional sensitivity and household adaptability as entry points, practical countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to provide a basis for decision-making by relevant departments. The study shows that: (1) There is a severe lack of natural capital, and the social and financial capital of pure agricultural and agriculture-dominant households urgently need improvement. (2) The lack of natural capital and the differentiation of adaptive capacity are key factors affecting vulnerability. The construction of cognitive and social capital can enhance system adaptability and reduce system vulnerability. (3) The lack of natural capital and the differentiation of adaptive capacity increase system vulnerability, while household cognition and social capital construction help improve the system's ability to cope with risks, mitigating or reducing system vulnerability.
Legal Aspect of Micro, Small, and Medium Business Partnership Agreements through Digital Platforms to Improve Community's Economy
Authors: Ilmih Andi Aina , Zulkarnain A.
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on MSME Partnership Agreements through Digital Platforms to improve the community's economy. This research begins by analyzing arrangements related to MSME partnership agreements through digital platforms in Indonesia. Seeing that there are legal arrangements for partnership agreements, forms of MSME partnership agreements and adequate digital platforms, this encourages researchers to conduct in-depth studies. This research was conducted through a digital platform that is available electronically, with the aim of discovering the reality related to the form of MSME partnerships in Indonesia, especially MSMEs in the Semarang City area, then analyzing the legal arrangements regarding MSME partnership agreements and digital platforms, carried out using a descriptive analysis method. Data collection techniques through direct interviews and documentation. Data analysis used qualitative analysis methods with inductive and reflective logic then described systematically according to the problems studied. Based on the research that has been done, legal arrangements for MSME partnership agreements through digital platforms have not been specifically regulated in statutory provisions. Various laws and regulations that currently exist only regulate matters of a general nature, only mentioning the partnership pattern and the term business partnership for MSMEs. In addition, the legal aspects of the Partnership Agreement through the Digital Platform regarding the content and nature of the agreement are still limited. In practice, partnership agreements through digital platforms cause legal problems for their users, both MSME actors and consumers due to access restrictions and policies by digital platform service providers.