bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness and Safety of Calcium Carbonate Use in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Normophosphatemia
Authors: Nugroho Pringgodigdo , Marbun Maruhum B. H. , Yunita Bella , Astrella Cindy , Noor Chairina A. , Lydia Aida
Published: December 2021

Background:

Patients with early and moderate stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have normal serum phosphate levels. Increased fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) levels in these patients are responsible for maintaining normophosphatemia status by increasing the excretion of phosphate through urine. However, an increased serum FGF23 level is related to cardiomegaly, vascular calcification, CKD progression, and mortality. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness and safety of calcium carbonate use in stage 3 or 4 CKD patients with normophosphatemia.

Methods:

This double-blind randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03550534) included stage 3 or 4 CKD patients with normophosphatemia who visited the nephrology or endocrinology clinic at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Forty-six subjects were randomized to receive either calcium carbonate or placebo over a 12-weeks period. Urine phosphate, serum phosphate, serum calcium, and serum intact FGF23 levels were measured before and after the intervention.

Results:

The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar, except for the higher prevalence of dyslipidemia in the placebo group. The CaCO3 group had shown reduced levels of FGF23 compared to the placebo group, -8.03 vs. 0.15 pg/ml respectively (p = 0.019). The median level of FGF23 showed a significant decrease only in the CaCO3 group. An increase in eGFR and a slightly decrease in urine phosphate were observed in the CaCO3 group; however, the data was found to be statistically not significant. No significant changes were noted in the serum calcium levels in both groups.

Conclusion:

The administration of calcium carbonate has been shown to be effective and safe for moderate CKD patients with normophosphatemia due to its effect in lowering FGF23 levels without escalating the serum calcium level.
Change in the agrochemical properties of soils and the productivity of the wheel under the influence of electromagnetic waves
Authors: Gulom Yuldashev , Abbosxonovich Marupov Azizxon
Published: December 2021

In recent years, in the world, the anthropogenic impact on the soil, entailing various changes in its properties, is becoming more severe. Especially it is necessary to note the lands located on the boundaries of the protection zones of linear objects. This article studies the agrochemistry of soils that are under zones and linear protection objects and the effect of electric waves on wheat productivity. Overhead power lines have a negative impact on the environment, in particular on its ecological, social, and economic systems due to the high intensity of the electromagnetic field around the lead wires. High-voltage power lines do not significantly affect the content of humus and nutrients.
Mastering a second language as a theoretical and linguodidactic problem in the aspect of neuro-linguistics
Authors: Asrorovna Kenjayeva Adolat
Published: December 2021

This article arose from the need to comprehend, firstly, methodological and linguodidactic problems (by linguodidactics we understand the principles of language description for learning purposes) to mastering any non-native language, not only widespread foreign languages, and, secondly, from the need to comprehend not only the teaching of a second foreign language itself but also the content of training professionals of a second foreign language (students of universities and faculties of foreign languages). Theoretical and methodological problems associated with mastering any non-native language are especially acute when we are dealing not with the first, but with the second, third, etc. non-native language. This may be a second foreign language (for example, at school), a second foreign language as the language of a pedagogical specialty (for example, at a pedagogical university), the language of ethnic (self) identification (among members of national diasporas), etc. Therefore, in this paper, along with discussing general issues of mastering a non-native language, we focus on various situations of teaching a language as a second non-native.
Reconstruction of the actor collaboration model in the development of marine tourism destinations in the new normal local economy
Authors: Islahuddin Islahuddin , Akib Haedar , Eppang Buntu Marannu , Salim Muhammad Arfin Muh. , Darmayasa Darmayasa
Published: December 2021

This research article analyzes and explains the reconstruction of the actor collaboration model in the development of marine tourism destinations at Super Priority Destinations (SPD) in Indonesia. Data, information, and knowledge about the descriptive model of actor collaboration in the development of marine tourism destinations in three DSPs characterized by marine tourism (Mandalika, Labuan Bajo, Likupang) were obtained using observation, interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and documentation. The analysis technique follows the stages of an interactive model, namely: data collection, data condensation, data presentation, verification/concluding. The results show that there is a reconstruction of a descriptive model of actor collaboration in developing marine tourism destinations based on a knowledge creation model that includes four dimensions. Community-Based Tourism (CBT) characterizes the concept of developing tourist destinations through the socialization (S) of local community empowerment programs that emphasize externalization (E) or empowerment of certain communities to better understand the values and assets of marine tourism owned by SPD. The community called the tourism awareness group (Pokdarwis) collaborates and synergizes in combining (C) and internalizing (I) within themselves regarding the various attractiveness of marine tourism in SPD where they are part of the stakeholders in its sustainable development.
ecological system of the digital educational environment as a new definition of modern education in the view of teachers
Authors: Sorokoumova Elena A. , Cherdymova Elena I. , Puchkova Elena B. , Temnova Larisa V. , Ferapontova Maria V.
Published: December 2021

Digital technologies and products are a new reality of modern education, but the degree of their influence on the ecology of the digital educational environment has not been fully studied. The article examines teachers' ideas about a new definition of education - the ecology of the digital educational environment; about the impact of digital educational products on the cognitive, personal and activity sphere of students. Implement the tasks set, an anonymous online survey of teachers of secondary schools in Moscow, the Moscow region, Voronezh, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara was conducted using the Google form. The article, based on the analysis of teachers' ideas about the ecology of the digital educational environment, risk zones and their impact on the cognitive, personal and activity spheres of students are identified; criteria for assessing the impact of digital educational products on cognitive processes, personal qualities and motivation of students learning activities are determined; indicators for each type of criteria are considered. The article shows, in the view of teachers, digital educational products have an ambivalent impact on the development of a student: they act as a resource, a means of development, and at the same time, they are risky for the development of a student.
Diplomasi Panda dan Hubungan Bilateral China-Jerman Tahun 2016-2019
Authors: Sasmita Anggraini Ika , Utomo Ario Bimo
Published: December 2021

Since the 7th century, China has been giving their endemic animal, Giant Panda, as one of public diplomacy practices also known as Panda Diplomacy. Chinese Panda Diplomacy only applies to countries that have had historical trade and mutual links with China. This research will discuss the Chinese government's effort to implement panda diplomacy to Germany, which has been the main importer of high-technology products for China since 1999. As the relationship between two countries has its ups and downs, Xi Jinping commanded China’s Wildlife Conservation and Association to lend a giant panda as a friendship symbol for both countries. This paper employs a qualitative method using the Eytan Gilboa framework to analyze public diplomacy application with time, purpose, public opinion, government and instrument as the research variables. From those variables will show how panda diplomacy as a public diplomacy practice with long term relations as a result. Keywords: China, Germany, Panda, Public Diplomacy
Konflik Kepentingan dalam Liberalisasi Perdagangan Garam Tahun 2009-2014
Authors: Tanaem Esti Renatalia , Arisanto Puguh Toko
Published: December 2021

The trade liberalization of the domestic salt sector in Indonesia indicated by tariff reduction faced pros and cons. By using the concept of two-level games and governmental process, the authors found that there was a political upheaval of actors both from bureaucrats and interest groups adorning the political process in salt liberalization in Indonesia. Political upheaval occurred due to the tug of war between the two opposing parties. The pros, represented by the Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Trade, importers, and mafias supported imports of salt to meet domestic needs that cannot be fulfilled by domestic salt productions, both in quality and quantity. While the cons represented by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries and salt farmers - both from associations and from non-associations - demanded salt import reduction to support the domestic salt production program and the sustainability of the domestic salt industries. Keywords: liberalization, salt, two level games, political upheaval, tug of war
Application of spatial- and diachronic-process analysis of landscape development in Central Lika, Croatia from 1980 to 2012
Authors:   Ericsson Nikola Tesla, Zagreb, Croatia, Hamzić Marta , Fuerst-Bjeliš Borna ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geography, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: December 2021

The paper presents structural features and the process and intensity of landscape changes in the Central Lika Region of Croatia, in the transitional, post-socialist and post-war periods (1980–2012). The aim of this paper is to analyse regularities and interrelations between the changes in structural features and the intensity of the processes that cause change. By using GIS spatial analysis methods, the shape, position, and condition of landscape patches were defined for each year. The diachronic process analysis, with the application of a specially-developed index — the Landscape Development Index (di) — made it possible to determine the intensity of development of individual landscape elements. The landscape was observed using the concept of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and, for this purpose, data from the CORINE Land Cover database were used for 1980 and 2012. The results showed fragmentation and an increase in the number and complexity of patches, as well as a decrease of the core patch area. Consequently, the increase of the share of edge areas has increased vulnerability to external influences and changes. Applying the Landscape Development Index (di) showed advantages compared to a standard comparison of the two conditions or synthetic indices, enabling the intensity of each observed phenomenon/process to be determined, and allowing for deeper spatial and temporal analysis as well as better understanding of landscape development.
Teaching methodology of geography and educational geography in Croatia over the last fifty years
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geography, Zagreb, Croatia, Ivić Ivan , Vuk Ružica ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geography, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: December 2021

The teaching methodology of geography is a relatively young scientific discipline within the scientific field of geography, that has only been experiencing its full scientific affirmation in the last few decades. In the early years, scholarly production focused on works that primarily dealt with geography education, but further development of the discipline showed a tendency to single out educational geography as a distinct scholarly entity and branch within the field. Given the aforementioned, there is a need to recapitulate scientific production and the most important findings of this geographical scientific discipline from the last fifty years. A review of scientific and scientific-expert papers on the teaching methodology of geography and educational geography indicates a thematic and methodological paradigm shift toward covering topics and objects of research significantly wider than those covered in the classroom and during geography lessons. The noticeable changes in the prevailing scientific interest in the curriculum and organization of teaching according to human resources research, the organization of education in certain areas and student achievement indicate a continuous and stable development.
Value of the Electronic Medical Record for Hospital Care: Update From the Literature (Preprint)
Authors: Uslu Aykut , Stausberg Jürgen
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Electronic records could improve quality and efficiency of health care. National and international bodies propagate this belief worldwide. However, the evidence base concerning the effects and advantages of electronic records is questionable. The outcome of health care systems is influenced by many components, making assertions about specific types of interventions difficult. Moreover, electronic records itself constitute a complex intervention offering several functions with possibly positive as well as negative effects on the outcome of health care systems.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review is to summarize empirical studies about the value of electronic medical records (EMRs) for hospital care published between 2010 and spring 2019.

METHODS

The authors adopted their method from a series of literature reviews. The literature search was performed on MEDLINE with “Medical Record System, Computerized” as the essential keyword. The selection process comprised 2 phases looking for a consent of both authors. Starting with 1345 references, 23 were finally included in the review. The evaluation combined a scoring of the studies’ quality, a description of data sources in case of secondary data analyses, and a qualitative assessment of the publications’ conclusions concerning the medical record’s impact on quality and efficiency of health care.

RESULTS

The majority of the studies stemmed from the United States (19/23, 83%). Mostly, the studies used publicly available data (“secondary data studies”; 17/23, 74%). A total of 18 studies analyzed the effect of an EMR on the quality of health care (78%), 16 the effect on the efficiency of health care (70%). The primary data studies achieved a mean score of 4.3 (SD 1.37; theoretical maximum 10); the secondary data studies a mean score of 7.1 (SD 1.26; theoretical maximum 9). From the primary data studies, 2 demonstrated a reduction of costs. There was not one study that failed to demonstrate a positive effect on the quality of health care. Overall, 9/16 respective studies showed a reduction of costs (56%); 14/18 studies showed an increase of health care quality (78%); the remaining 4 studies missed explicit information about the proposed positive effect.

CONCLUSIONS

This review revealed a clear evidence about the value of EMRs. In addition to an awesome majority of economic advantages, the review also showed improvements in quality of care by all respective studies. The use of secondary data studies has prevailed over primary data studies in the meantime. Future work could focus on specific aspects of electronic records to guide their implementation and operation.
Current Landscape of Generative Adversarial Networks for Facial Deidentification in Dermatology: Systematic Review and Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Park Christine , Jeong Hyeon Ki , Henao Ricardo , Kheterpal Meenal
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Deidentifying facial images is critical for protecting patient anonymity in the era of increasing tools for automatic image analysis in dermatology.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper was to review the current literature in the field of automatic facial deidentification algorithms.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic search using a combination of headings and keywords to encompass the concepts of facial deidentification and privacy preservation. The MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase (via Elsevier), and Web of Science (via Clarivate) databases were queried from inception to May 1, 2021. Studies of incorrect design and outcomes were excluded during the screening and review process.

RESULTS

A total of 18 studies reporting on various methodologies of facial deidentification algorithms were included in the final review. The study methods were rated individually regarding their utility for use cases in dermatology pertaining to skin color and pigmentation preservation, texture preservation, data utility, and human detection. Most studies that were notable in the literature addressed feature preservation while sacrificing skin color and texture.

CONCLUSIONS

Facial deidentification algorithms are sparse and inadequate for preserving both facial features and skin pigmentation and texture quality in facial photographs. A novel approach is needed to ensure greater patient anonymity, while increasing data access for automated image analysis in dermatology for improved patient care.
PERBANDINGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SCRAMBLE TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPLANASI SISWA KELAS XI SMA N I GUNUNG TULEH
Authors: Lola Lola
Published: December 2021

This research is motivated by the problem of students not being skilled in writing explanatory text. This study aims to describe the Comparison of Think Talk Write (TTW) Learning with Scramble Explanatory Text Skills of Class XI Students of SMA N I Gunung Tuleh. This type of quantitative research with experimental. The research sample was 50 students of class XI SMAN I Gunung Tuleh consisting of 24 students/experiment I and 26 students/experiment II. The data of this study were the scores of explanatory text writing skills using the Think Talk Write (TTW) Scramble model of class XI students of SMA N I GunungTuleh. The risearch results can be sumarized as follows. First, the explanatory text writing skills of class XI SMA N I Gunung Tuleh with the Think Talk Write (TTW) model obtained an average of 63.33 in the range of 56-65% with sufficient qualifications (C). Second, the students' explanatory text writing skills ofclass XI SMA N I Gunung Tuleh with the Scramble model obtained an average of 70.76 in the range with the qualification More than Enough (LdC). Third, based on the t-test of the hypothesis tcount>ttable (2.33> 1.67). So it can be concluded that the use of the Scramble model is better used to improve the explanatory text writing skills of class XI students of SMA N I Gunung Tuleh. Third, based results of the t-test there is a comparison of the use (TTW) with the Scramble model on the explanatory text writing skills of class XI SMA N I Gunung Tuleh because tcount>ttable (2.33>1.67). So, it can be concluded that the use of the Scramble model is better used to improve the explanatory text writing skills of class XI SMA N I Gunung Tuleh.
PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER (NHT) DENGAN MODEL SNOWBALL THROWING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS PUISI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP N 1 SUNGAI BEREMAS
Authors: Nuzul Nuzul
Published: December 2021

This research is motivated by the problem that students are still less skilled in writing poetry texts. This type of quantitative research with experimental models. The research sample was students VIII/40 SMP N1 Sungai Beremas (20/experiment 1 and 20/experiment 2). The research data was in the form of poetry text writing skill scores using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) model and the Snowball Throwing model for the eighth grade students of SMP N 1 Sungai Beremas. The results of this study can be considered as follows. First, the skill level of writing poetry text for VIII grade students of SMP N 1 Sungai Beremas using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model obtained an average score of 60.83 with sufficient qualifications. Second, the skill level of writing poetry text of the eighth grade students of SMP N1 Sungai Beremas using the Snowball Throwing learning model with an average score of 70 with sufficient qualifications (LdC). Third, from the results of hypothesis testing that the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted at a significant level of 95% and dk = n1 + n2-2 because tcount> ttable (2.15> 1.66). In other words, there is a significant comparison between the use of the Numbered Head Together and Snowball Throwing learning models on the skills written by grade VIII students of SMP N1 Sungai Beremas.
Editorial
Authors: Perdomo Omar Paíno
Published: December 2021

No precisa de un resumen.
The Unstable Voting Behaviour: Tracing of the Voting Behaviour in Indonesia Post-Reformasi Era
Authors: Jati Wasisto Raharjo
Published: December 2021

Article aimed to analyses about construction of voting behavior in Indonesia election implementation. It urge and significant to elaborate and scrutinize political preferential which became base foundation to elect and submit their vote. There are two prominent factor can be main tools to covering voting behavior trend In Indonesia. Firstly, figures presumably primary sources to mention constructing public voting behavior. In Indonesia post authoritarian era, democracy has been suspended due to emergence of strong figure. This become ironic in implementation of democracy when hijacked oligarchic power that still persist and insist their resources in recent era. Secondly, analyzing of voting behavior in Indonesia has been swiftly in every election. It’s important to note that main character of voting behavior is swing voters dominated by young residents. Therefore, voting behavior trend fluctuated depending on issue and media news, become main consideration public to elect and submit their vote. In addition to both factor, emergence of political broker in recent election has indicated urgent needs to bridging voter and candidate in order to more engage. Those three factor will be primary focus to be elaborated in this paper, how recent trend in voting behavior in Indonesia and its impact to election event.AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi perilaku memilih dalam pemilu Indonesia. Isu ini menjadi penting dan siginifikan dalam melihat pola preferensi memilih ketika akan mencontreng kertas suara. Temuan dalam riset ini memuat dua faktor penting yang menjadi basis politik perilaku memilih Indonesia. Pertama, kekuatan personal seorang elite agaknya menjadi faktor penting dalam membaca perilaku memilih tersebut. Hal ini dikarenakan kondisi demokrasi Indonesia yang masih terbajak oleh kekuatan oligarki yang masih cukup kuat. Kedua, masih adanya masa pemilih mengambang, utamanya kalangan muda dan terdidik. Hal tersebut dikarenakan perilaku politik mereka masih dipengaruhi adanya isu dan kepentingan. Di luar dari kedua faktor tersebut, munculnya broker politik dan uang politik menjadi faktor yang tidak bisa terelakan dalam konstruksi perilaku memilih di Indonesia paskareformasi.
Migraine
Authors: Ganesh Mr. Ghene Mauli
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Migraine is the most common disabling brain disorder. Chronic migraine, a condition characterized by the experience of migrainous headache on at least 15 days per month, is highly disabling. Patients with chronic migraine present to primary care, are often referred for management to secondary care, and make up a large proportion of patients in specialist headache clinics. Many patients with chronic migraine also have medication overuse, defined as using a compound analgesic, opioid, triptan or ergot derivative on at least 10 days per month. All doctors will encounter patients with chronic headaches. A basic working knowledge of the common primary headaches, and a rational manner of approaching the patient with these conditions, allows a specific diagnosis of chronic migraine to be made quickly and safely, and by making this diagnosis one opens up a substantial number of acute and preventive treatment options. This article discusses the current state of management of chronic migraine.
A Hybrid Firefly Algorithm Approach for Job Shop Scheduling Problem
Authors: K Gayathri Devi
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Job shop scheduling has always been one of the most sought out research problems in Combinatorial optimization. Job Shop Scheduling problems (JSSP) are categorized under NP hard problems. In recent years the meta heuristic algorithms have been proved effective to solve hardcore NP problem. Firefly Algorithm is one of such meta heuristic techniques which is nature inspired from firefly characteristic. Its potential can be enhanced further by hybridizing it with other known evolutionary algorithms and thereby getting improved results in less computational time. In this paper we have proposed a new hybrid technique christened as HyFA, by hybridizing Firefly algorithm(FA) with simulated annealing (SA) and Greedy heuristics approach (GHA). The hybrid technique has the advantages of all three algorithms and are combined in such a way that a quicker and better optimal solution is obtained. Our proposed HyFA is coded in Matlab with an objective to minimize the makespan (Cm). The novel hybrid technique is then used to evaluate 1-25 Lawrence problems taken from literature. The results show the proposed technique is more effective not only in getting optimal results but has significantly reduced computational time. Keywords: Scheduling, Optimisation, Job shop scheduling, Meta-heuristics, Firefly, Simulated Annealing, Greedy heuristics Approach.
CENSORSHIP AS AN ELEMENT OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL POLICY TO CONTROL THE MUSLIM COMMUNITIES OF SIBERIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Petr K. Dashkovskiy  Altai State University, DASHKOVSKIY PETR K. , SHERSHNEVA ELENA A. ,   ELENA A. SHERSHNEVA Altai State University
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the role of censorship in the Russian Empire as a tool for controlling the printed publications of the Muslims of Siberia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The source base of the study was archival materials of the Russian State Historical Archive, the State Archive of the Altai Territory and the State Archive of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and, as well as regulatory legal acts regulating the process of publishing printed materials in the Russian Empire. Based on the sources under consideration, it is concluded that at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries, the number of Muslim printed publications in the territory of the Russian Empire increased. The Muslim population of the country is beginning to worry about issues related to the life of the Russian Ummah in the regions, as well as the participation of Muslims in the political life of the country. The activity of Muslims in the field of publishing, as well as events in the country at the beginning of the 20th century (the First Russian Revolution, the First World War) led to increased state censorship of printed materials...
ANTIRELIGIOUS WORK WITH WOMEN IN THE 1920S AND THE FEMINIZATION PROCESSES IN THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (BASED ON SIBERIAN MATERIALS)
Authors:   MARIA V. VASEKHA Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VASEKHA MARIA V.
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes one of the aspects of the comprehensive post-revolutionary Soviet policy for the “emancipation of women” - anti-religious work among the female population, which was closely intertwined with the general practices of militant atheism and anti-religious work among the population. However, in the author's opinion, working with women was a separate line of efforts of early Soviet cultural traders that required special consideration. The struggle against the church, faith and believers occupied one of the central places in the general policy of modernization of the country according to the Soviet type, and it was the high level of religiosity, mainly of the female population, that seemed to be the biggest obstacle on the way of building a godless New society. If such work as the creation of institutions of motherhood and infancy, women's educational program, the involvement of women in Soviet social life, despite massive resistance, found at least any response among certain segments of the population, then a campaign to seize church values, persecution of clergy, attempts to undermine Orthodox axiological basis for the existence of Russian society was caused only by persistent negativism and tough opposition from the population, primarily women...
LARGE GAIN METHOD IN THE PROBLEM OF SELF-ORGANIZATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS OF STRUCTURALLY INDETERMINATE LINEAR PLANTS WITH SWITCHES. I
Authors:   E.L. Eremin Amur State University, Eremin E.L.
Published: December 2021

A method of constructing self-organizing tracking systems in the class of minimally phase linear plants operating under conditions of a priori uncertainty and structural switching is considered for the case when the main control circuit has a large gain coefficient. It is assumed that at an arbitrary point of time, the numerator and denominator of the plant transfer function can change by a jump within the previously known boundaries of their permissible values. To solve the problem of synthesizing a self-organizing plant control system with a relative degree greater than one, a dynamic corrector is used in the main contour of the system.
Formulations of sustained release matrix tablets of Furosemide using natural and synthetic polymers
Authors: Soni Shivani , Jain Vivek , Jain Sunil Kumar , Khangar Pushpendra Kumar
Published: December 2021

The primary benefit of a sustained release dosage form compared to a conventional dosage form, is the consistent drug plasma concentration and consequently uniform therapeutic effect. Matrix system are preferential because of their ease, patient compliance etc, than  traditional drug delivery which have several drawbacks like reiterated administration, variation in blood concentration level etc. The aim of the present research study was to develop and evaluate sustained release matrix tablets of furosemide using direct compression method using  natural  gummy  and  waxy  materials (Xanthan  gum, bees  wax)  and synthetic  polymers  (HPMC K4M). The matrix tablet formulations were prepared by using different drug: polymer ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3). All formulations were assessed using micromeritics studies of powder blend and diverse physicochemical tests. All the physicochemical characters of the formulated tablets were within acceptable limits. The release pattern of the drug was viewed over a period of 12 hours and determined the amount of drug by the UV-Visible spectroscopic method. Dissolution data demonstrated that the formulated tablets with Xanthan gum and hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) provided sustained release of the drug up to 12 hrs. Therefore inexpensively it may be appropriate for the pharmaceutical industries to employ this kind of simple technologies for the expansion of advanced formulations. Hence, we conclude that the purpose of this study was to formulate a sustained release matrix tablet of furosemide using diverse polymers and their dissimilar proportions have been attained.

Keywords: Furosemide, Direct compression, Natural, Synthetic polymers, Sustained release tablets.
Formulation and evaluation of taste masked oral disintegrating tablets of lornoxicam
Authors: Rai Kritika , Jain Vivek , Jain Sunil Kumar , Khangar Pushpendra Kumar
Published: December 2021

Orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) disintegrate quickly with saliva when administered into the oral cavity and taken without water or chewed. ODT are easy to take for children and the elderly, who may experience difficultly in taking ordinary oral preparations such as tablets, capsules, and powders.  The ODT threes substantial benefits for the patient (or elder) who cannot swallow (Dysphagia), or who is not permitted water intake due to disease. The reason of the current research was to prepare taste masking oral disintegrating tablets of poorly soluble lornoxicam (LXM) by direct compression technique using Kyron T-114 (cation exchange resin) as a taste masking agent. With in various ratios the Drug-resin of 1:4 was established to present best taste masking. The superdisintegrants used in formulation are croscarmellose sodium and cross povidone. Among these croscarmellose sodium demonstrated superior drug release. The tablets were evaluated for friability, weight variation, wetting time, hardness, disintegration time and uniformity of content. Optimized formulations were evaluated for in vitro dissolution test. Amongst all the formulations F-6 was found to be most successful tablets prepared by this technique had disintegration time of 30sec and % CDR 94.78 within 30min. Hence, this advance can be utilized for taste masking of bitter pharmaceutical ingredients leading to superior patient compliance.

Keywords: Oral disintegration tablets, Lornoxicam, Kyron T-114, Superdisintegrants, Direct Compression.
Heurística y metaheurísticas en la recolección de residuos tecnológicos
Authors: Lopez Miguel , Villagra Andrea , Pandolfi Daniel
Published: December 2021

Los residuos tecnológicos generan contaminación ambiental y la recolección de residuos produce emisión de gases de efecto invernadero generado principalmente por vehículos de combustibles fósiles utilizados en las rutas de recolección. Por esta razón, es importante realizar una gestión eficiente de los residuos tecnológicos que generan contaminación y optimizar a través de diversas técnicas las rutas de recolección.
En este trabajo se aplican a instancias reales de las ciudades de Caleta Olivia y Comodoro Rivadavia tres técnicas: la heurística del algoritmo de ahorros y dos metaheurísticas Búsqueda tabú y Optimización basada en colonia de hormigas para encontrar la que mejor optimice el recorrido. Sobre las instancias utilizadas se han obtenido los mejores resultados en cuanto a los kilómetros recorridos aplicando al Búsqueda Tabú.
The Efficient Preparation of Normal Distributions in Quantum Registers
Authors: Rattew Arthur G. , Sun Yue , Minssen Pierre , Pistoia Marco
Published: December 2021

The efficient preparation of input distributions is an important problem in obtaining quantum advantage in a wide range of domains. We propose a novel quantum algorithm for the efficient preparation of arbitrary normal distributions in quantum registers. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to leverage the power of Mid-Circuit Measurement and Reuse (MCMR), in a way that is broadly applicable to a range of state-preparation problems. Specifically, our algorithm employs a repeat-until-success scheme, and only requires a constant-bounded number of repetitions in expectation. In the experiments presented, the use of MCMR enables up to a 862.6x reduction in required qubits. Furthermore, the algorithm is provably resistant to both phase-flip and bit-flip errors, leading to a first-of-its-kind empirical demonstration on real quantum hardware, the MCMR-enabled Honeywell System Models H0 and H1-2.
Family language policy in Russian-Estonian and Russian-Spanish multilingual settings
Authors: Ivanova Olga , Zabrodskaja Anastassia
Published: December 2021

This paper primarily focuses on the family language policy of bilingual Russian-Estonian and Russian-Spanish families in relation to the maintenance of Russian as a heritage language. Its main objective is to identify social factors that either help or hinder this process. In doing so, this paper searches for commonalities and specificities of the mainstream attitudes towards Russian as a heritage language in Estonia and Spain, by analysing the sociolinguistic situation of Russian in both countries and by examining the factors conditioning the maintenance of Russian as a heritage language in family settings. Our research is based on an in-depth analysis of a variety of sources, mainly quantitative statistical and demographic data on self-reported language behaviour and language ideologies in mixed families from Estonia (n = 40) and Spain (n = 40). The main results of our comparative study confirm the general positive attitude towards Russian as a heritage language, but they also highlight an important variability of these attitudes both between countries and within each community. We show that these attitudes directly determine the principles of family language policy, the parents strategies to transmit Russian as a heritage language, and the level of proficiency in Russian as a heritage language in the second generation. These results allow us to conclude that, as a heritage language, Russian relies on strong attitudinal support in even small communities, like Estonian or Spanish, but also that its confident transmission should rely on external subsidy.
Russian language maintenance among multilingual teachers in Israeli educational settings
Authors: Putjata Galina
Published: December 2021

The present paper focuses on language maintenance among multilingual teachers and presents a research project with Russian-Hebrew speakers on their ideas of language-related normality in educational settings. The main objective is to investigate the role of migration-related multilingual teachers within the multilingual turn. The project approached the topic from three perspectives: the macro level of educational policies, the meso level of educational institutions, and the micro level of linguistic development. Data were collected through biographical interviews with 17 teachers and interpreted within the theoretical framework of language beliefs using the concepts of linguistic market, language awareness and language education policy as well as pedagogical competence. The results show the close interconnectedness of language beliefs on all the three levels. They also show that beliefs can experience a reconstruction. In order to challenge the monolingual idea of normality among teachers, an interwoven intervention on all the three levels is necessary: there is a need for education policy measures (macro level) that would anchor training on dealing with multilingualism (meso level) in regular teacher training and, in doing so, would draw on the existing migration-related multilingual practices of prospective teachers (micro level). This interaction between top-down (professionalization in dealing with multilingualism anchored in educational policy) and bottom-up (migration-related multilingual practices among prospective teachers) measures can enable a shift toward multilingualism as an idea of normality in educational contexts. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the formation, development and reconstruction of language-related idea of normality among teachers and discusses its methodological and theoretical implications.
Translanguaging space and translanguaging practices in multilingual Russian-speaking families
Authors: Karpava Sviatlana , Ringblom Natalia , Zabrodskaja Anastassia
Published: December 2021

Translanguaging is seen both as a threat and as an opportunity for minority language development and transmission. While the theme of translanguaging has been explored especially in a context of migration, the novelty of this study lies in its investigation of the multiple contexts in which translanguaging is examined. In order to understand the nature of translanguaging, we adopt a novel interdisciplinary approach and view it in all its complexity, including liminal spaces of linguistic landscape. Family language policy affects the home linguistic environment. Our purpose is to investigate language choices by multilingual Russian-speakers in Cyprus, Sweden and Estonia, immigrant and minority settings, and try to understand how they are reflected in the multilingual interaction of the families. Using ethnographic participant observations and oral spontaneous multilingual production, our study attempts to describe how communication is managed through translanguaging practices among multilingual Russian-speaking families members in the cultural and linguistic environments of the three countries. By looking closely at the complexities of translanguaging space, it is our ambition to gain new insights about how it is organised and how translanguaging becomes a valuable linguistic resource in multilingual families. Our results indicate that translanguaging practices can be used in family conversational contexts and contribute to the creation of a rich and positive family repertoire. A new norm of Russian has been developed in all the three settings. A language shift can happen more quickly than expected, and, thus, it is important for parents to provide many opportunities for practising Russian as the L1.
Language choice and language contact in print advertisements for Russian-speaking immigrants in Germany
Authors: Ritter Anna
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze linguistic contact in a written language on a sample of advertisements for Russian-speaking immigrants in the German city of Nuremberg, where there is a well-developed infrastructure for Russian-speaking immigrants, including the availability of periodicals. The study has the following research questions: What functions do Russian and German, as well as other languages, perform in advertisements in periodicals for Russian-speaking immigrants? Is there a correlation between the subject matter of the ads and the language or languages used? What phenomena of language contact found in the spoken language of Russian-speaking immigrants are characteristic of advertisements? A corpus consisting of 443 advertisements, obtained through continuous sampling from periodicals, was collected for the study. The analysis revealed that Russian, German, English, Ukrainian, and Latin fulfil specific functions in the advertisements. It was found that, depending on the subject matter, advertisers choose a particular language or language combination for their ads. At the lexical and morphosyntactic levels were identified borrowings from German and English, entirely or partially grammatically integrated into Russian, and cases of code-switching between Russian and German. Thereby, the study highlights one aspect of the linguistic situation of the Russian-speaking community in Germany and may implicitly serve to assess the vitality of the Russian language in Germany.
NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS DE ENSINO DE INGLÊS: RECONHECENDO AS VARIEDADES LINGUÍSTICAS NA COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
Authors: Hackenhaar Eduarda , Juchum Maristela
Published: December 2021

A presença da língua inglesa é constante no dia a dia dos estudantes brasileiros, ultrapassando os limites da sala de aula. Na grande maioria das vezes, no entanto, o inglês conhecido por esse público é aquele pertencente ao falante nativo norte-americano. Com este trabalho, buscou-se descobrir as percepções de estudantes do Ensino Médio, que frequentam uma Escola de Idiomas, acerca de variações orais de falantes de inglês de países distintos. Para tal, uma intervenção pedagógica foi aplicada com o público-alvo. Os resultados evidenciaram que as variedades estadunidense e britânica da língua foram as preferidas pelos alunos que as classificaram com adjetivos como melhor, bonita e padrão. Por outro lado, o inglês dos indivíduos da Colômbia, Índia e África do Sul foi pouco compreensível e imediatamente relacionado a aprendizes do idioma. Pode-se perceber que os alunos demonstraram interesse em conhecer mais sobre falantes de inglês ao redor do mundo, o que não é oportunizado nas escolas, uma vez que o ensino da língua ainda é comumente orientado pela variedade estadunidense soberana. Como conclusão, enfatiza-se a necessidade de haver mudanças nas aulas de inglês para retratar as variedades dos falantes, culturas e países deste mundo globalizado e diversificado.
O TEATRO ENQUANTO ELEMENTO DO ENSINO DE LITERATURA: CONFLUÊNCIAS ARTÍSTICAS E DESCOBRIMENTOS DE SI
Authors: Valandro Jean Michel
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo dissertar acerca da maneira como o teatro pode auxiliar o ensino de literatura e, consequentemente, promover outros benefícios à educação sociocultural. Para isso, a pesquisa apoia-se na metodologia da revisão bibliográfica, percorrendo caminhos que abordam as confluências entre a performance dramática e suas relações com o texto literário. Como resultados da reflexão que se propõe neste estudo, podem ser citadas a capacidade que o diálogo artístico-literário tem de desacomodar os corpos docilizados pelo sistema político-econômico que regula a sociedade e impõe um modus operandi rígido aos indivíduos; o aprimoramento de habilidades sociocomunicativas e, ainda, o descobrimento de um novo eu e de novas relações que ele pode estabelecer com os outros com o mundo que o rodeia.
NARRATIVAS DE UM ESTÁGIO EM PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Pacce Benjamin Dias , De Goes Isadora Garcia , Marshall Edryne , Maciazeki-Gomes Rita De Cássia
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre nossa experiência como estagiários de Psicologia Social em tempos de pandemia do COVID-19. O escrito parte das narrativas produzidas com a participação de atividades remotas junto a Associação de Usuários de Saúde Mental de Pelotas (AUSSMPE). Das dificuldades de estagiar em meio à pandemia, emergem problematizações relacionadas à formação em psicologia, as práticas de cuidado produzidas em meio às telas, as mobilizações em prol da garantia de direitos e a manutenção das políticas públicas de saúde mental. Diante das muitas limitações impostas pela COVID-19, no ano de 2020, nos voltamos para a necessidade de construir práticas inovadoras em Psicologia que consigam transformar a realidade mesmo que por meios virtuais.
1.000 års bibliotekshistorie i to bind
Authors: Kjær Jan
Published: December 2021

Resultatet "Dansk Bibliotekshistorie" er imponerende, og der er masser af viden at hente blandt andet om samspillet mellem folke- og forskningsbibliotekerne. REVY har mødt to af de fem forfattere bag værket.
Forsvandt mål 4 i skrivebordsskuffen?
Authors: Grundsøe Mette Buje
Published: December 2021

Alle FN's 17 verdensmål er vigtige, men særligt mål nummer 4 om livslang læring og uddannelseskvalitet bør stå højt på dagsordenen i alle fag- forsknings - og uddannelsesbiblioteker. Men hvordan omsætte målet til konkret handling og en fælles praksis for bæredygtighed?