bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chresmoda aquatica n.sp. insecto Chresmodidae del Cretácico Inferior de la Sierra del Montsec (Lleida, España)
Authors: Martínez Delclós Xavier
Published: September 2022

Se describe una nueva especie de insecto chresmódido (Paraplecoptera ?) del Cretácico Inferior de la Sierra del Montsec, en el NE de España. El medio deposicional al que perteneció era lacustre, confinado y con abundante flora y fauna asociada. Se compara esta especie con el resto de chresmódidos mesozoicos y se plantea la problemática que conlleva este característico insecto fósil.
Fauna carcínica del Eoceno alicantino.
Authors: Via Boada Luis
Published: September 2022

Previo su encuadramiento en el conjunto de las zonas carciníferas del eoceno marino español, se da una referencia sistemática de cada una de las doce especies reconocidas (Eocalcinus eocenicus. Dromilites pasroris. Calappilia scopuli, Lophoranina marestiana. L. straeleni, Laeviranina cf. simplicissima, Micromaia margaritata, Montezumella amenosi, Palaeocarpilius simplex, Harpactocarcinus punctulatus, Harpactoxanthopsis quadrilobalus, Galenopsis crassifrons) y se resume la distribución geográfica y cronológica de los once géneros representados.
El Eoceno inferior y medio de Agost (Provincia de Alicante).
Authors: Márquez Sanz Leopoldo
Published: September 2022

Se presenta una síntesis puesta al día acerca de la fauna de foraminíferos del Eoceno de la localidad de Agost (Alicante, España) que comprende la biozonación establecida sobre los foraminíferos planctónicos, el significado paleoecológico de las asociaciones de microforaminíferos bentónicos y algunos datos sobre la fauna de macroforaminíferos.
THE ANALYSIS OF DIRECT MARKETING MEDIA USAGE AND EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Perčić Karolina , Perić Nenad
Published: September 2022

In the current business environment organizations are forced to find the most effective marketing technique in order to improve the results of their business. Since each company’s goal is to achieve effective and efficient business, one of the most important decisions is the choice of direct marketing media actions that are most suitable for contacting existing and potential consumers. In order to obtain information regarding the effectiveness of direct marketing media, market research provides an overview of market factors. Research presented in this paper intends to reveal consumer habits and preferences in order to determine the usage and effectiveness of direct marketing media. Presented results and models show that, in terms of communication and sales effects, Internet is the most prominent as a direct marketing medium for all age groups that are surveyed. Also, leaflets are a very effective medium of direct marketing for respondents of all age categories, and newspapers have been proved to be a very effective medium for consumers who frequently buy them.
DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND POSSIBILITIES OF ITS APPLICATION IN THE BUSINESS SYSTEM OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Miladinović Bogavac Živanka , Evangelos Sfyrakis , Bajramović Adel
Published: September 2022

Digital signature in the business system of Bosnia and Herzegovina is something that has not yet found its application. According to the Law on Customs Policy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, this method of signing is only applied to freight forwarders, because they certify their documents in the procedure of electronic transport of goods in a new way and send them to the Administration system electronically. In other spheres of the business world, this signature is used exclusively as a transitional solution. This paper, in addition to examining the legal possibility of its application, and the benefits that the business system would have from its implementation, also made an analysis that shows the impact of digital signatures on the business system of a country, and to what extent it facilitates business. The aim is to analyze the degree of application of digital signatures in the BiH market. In addition, the most widely used algorithms in the digital signature cryptosystem with a focus on mode and security will be analyzed. Also through the paper we will look at the principles on which digital signing is based as well as the methods by which we determine the authenticity of the sender. Next, we will define the areas of application of the digital signature. The aim of this paper is to prove that a digital signature in Bosnia and Herzegovina would greatly facilitate the way of doing business, and simplify procedures in the business system, and thus raise the competitiveness of the economy compared to the current situation. According to the above, the hypothesis of this paper is that digital signature, in addition to digital printing and digital communication, has the greatest impact on the efficiency and speed of business between companies operating in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The hypothesis was tested using a multiple regression model, which was investigated and processed by the author. The author investigated and analyzed the impact of digital signature, digital printing and digital communication on business efficiency in a sample of 235 companies using a multiple regression model. The results showed that all three variables have an impact on business efficiency to a certain extent. According to the results, however, it can be concluded that the digital signature and then the digital stamp have a very high impact on business efficiency.It has been shown that in Bosnia and Herzegovina there is a general perception that the use of digital signatures and its usefulness at the global level, however, by applying adequate methods and techniques, can be improved and improved and thus increase the number of digital signature users.
GLOBALISATION IN THE ERA OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Bilas Vlatka , Bošnjak Mile , Franc Sanja
Published: September 2022

Although Covid-19 pandemic and consequential “lockdowns” resulted in inward orientation of countries, international relations and international cooperation are as important as ever. This paper analyses the impact of Covid-19 on different globalisation aspects, from multilateralism and regional economic integrating, over international trade, global value chains to foreign direct investment and inequality. The aim of the analysis is to provide an overview of globalisation pace in the era of Covid-19 and in the post-pandemic period, due to the fact that pandemic changed and disrupted many globalisation aspects on one hand, and forced countries to implement different policies and activities in order to support their economies in this specific crisis, on the other hand. Functioning of global value chains was aggravated and consequently, different market effects occurred. International institutions also experienced challenges in “leading” the response to Covid-19 pandemic, which could put forward some lessons on the importance of global institutional framework. Understanding the effects of Covid-19 pandemic on different globalisation features is the basis for developing approaches and measures for recovering and improving economic performance and global position of countries, as well as for developing and modifying global institutional framework.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF COMPANY INNOVATIVENESS FOR STOCK PRICE AND VOLATILITY
Authors: Knežević Danijel , Has Maja , Mandurić Dinko
Published: September 2022

The aim of this paper was to determine whether company innovativeness is significant for the price and volatility of stocks. In modern business conditions, innovation is one of the foundations of business success because companies that innovate not only monitor changes in the environment but also generate new revenue, open new markets, and so on, which significantly improves their position in relation to the competition. Exploring the significance of innovation for stock price movements can be important for understanding how the market reacts to innovation, but it can also motivate companies to invest more in innovation processes and the implementation of innovation activities. In the paper, the authors used a quantitative methodology based on a panel regression analysis of data collected from secondary sources for the period from 2005 to 2020. The research included eight of the most innovative companies ranked by the Boston Consulting Group. The results indicate that company innovativeness is statistically significant for average stock price and coefficients of variability. Given the important role that innovativeness plays in a company’s business, the results obtained can serve as guidelines for managers in charge of implementing innovation activities in companies, as well as investors and other relevant stakeholders. Recommendations for future research are aimed at expanding the model with additional variables, which could potentially increase the representativeness of the model, and testing existing models on other data sources.
COVID 19 RAMIFICATIONS ON TOURISTIC RESULTS IN 2020
Authors: Tatalović Mirko , Mišetić Ivan , Ozmec-Ban Maja
Published: September 2022

The number of COVID 19 infections worldwide by the end of September 2020 rose to more than 34 million cases. At the same time number of fatalities caused by the same virus exceeds one million. In the year 2020 about ten per cent drop of economic growth was experienced compared to the previous year due to COVID 19 crisis and with probably the biggest impact on tourism industry. The results of global tourist international arrivals in April, May and June 2020 with drop of 95-98 per cent are self-explanatory. Thus, stabile and continuing growth from the beginning of 21st century has been suddenly brutally interrupted returning the tourism industry on level of at least 30-40 years back, maybe even more. The consequences of COVID 19 on touristic results have been analysed in the paper. The analysis is based on four different geographical areas – global, European, Southeast European and Croatian, based on the last 20 years of tourism results. Since similar dramatic situation has also affected air transport industry, the correlation between the tourism and air carriers’ results in the last two decades is also considered in this paper. Different scenarios of the future recovery of tourism industry are considered in the paper.
Execution of Prison Sentences in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Mitrović Ljubinko , Dunjić Pero
Published: September 2022

The Criminal Code of the Republic of Srpska prescribes the general purpose of all criminal sanctions and the purpose of punishment. In order for the purpose of punishment to be realized in each specific case, it is necessary that the imposed punishment, especially the prison sentence, be carried out in the manner, according to the procedure and under the conditions determined by the regulations of the executive criminal law (this is a significant number of regulations of the legal and by-law character). The purpose of the execution of criminal and misdemeanor sanctions, according to the provisions of paragraph 1 of article 3 of the Law, is the implementation of final and enforceable court decisions, the protection of society from the commission of criminal offenses and the separation of perpetrators of criminal offenses from the social environment in order to re-educate them, treat them and prepare them for life in freedom, in in accordance with the law and social norms. The execution of criminal sanctions fulfills the general and individual purpose of prescribing and imposing them in order to successfully reintegrate the convicted into society, and this purpose is determined in the provision of paragraph 3 of Article 41 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Srpska (general purpose of all criminal sanctions) and in the provision of Article 43 (purpose of punishment). This paper, based on the positive executive legislation of the Republic of Srpska, talks about the principles of enforcement of perhaps the most important of all criminal sanctions, i.e., certainly the most important punishments today, i.e. prison sentences. In the second part of the paper, the legislative framework is given, which regulates the system of institutions where prison sentences are carried out, as well as other sentences of deprivation of liberty in the Republic of Srpska. And at the end of this work, a particularly important research was presented that provides the reader with statistical data on the movement, i.e. the number of persons who were in penal and correctional institutions of the Republic of Srpska serving prison sentences, detention measures, juvenile prison sentences, educational measures of referral to educational institutions - correctional facility and prison sentences imposed in misdemeanor proceedings, and for the last few years.
Current Issues of the Procedural Nature: Proof of Criminal Offenses and Guilt in the Criminal Proceedings of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Karović Samir , Simović Marina
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the authors highlighted certain issues that are directly related to the complexity of determining or proving the existence of a particular crime and guilt, taking into account the legal nature and basic specifics of criminal procedure in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering the legally regulated stages of criminal procedure, consistency and consistent application of the law as an imperative obligation of all criminal procedural subjects in terms of realization of criminal procedural task is aimed at proper and legal court decision which clarifies and resolves a specific criminal matter. In that sense, the authors paid special attention to the differentiation between intelligence and information on the one hand and evidence in criminal proceedings on the other, then legal collection of evidence, secrecy of the investigation as a basic precondition for effective investigation, and conduct of the hearing. During the hearing, the importance of the criminal procedure was emphasized as the central part, which by the nature of things deserves special interest.
Train command and control for commuter and urban lines
Authors: Ozerov Alexey , Rozenberg Efim
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the state of the art of command and control and the challenges faced by the Russian Railways (RZD), with a focus on the migration to new paradigms of train separation, train localization and obstacle detection. The authors give an overview of the practical results of some ongoing projects carried out with the direct involvement of NIIAS researchers and developers for the Moscow Central Circle (MCC) railway.
Semantic Numeration Systems as Information Tools for Fuzzy Data Processing
Authors: Chunikhin Alexander Yu. , Zhytniuk Vadym
Published: September 2022

We describe the concept of semantic numeration systems (SNS) as a certain class of context-based numeration methods. The main attention is paid to the key elements of semantic numeration systems - cardinal semantic operators. A classification of semantic numeration systems is given. The concept of fuzzy cardinal semantic transformation as a basis for creating fuzzy semantic numeration systems is advanced. Both fuzziness of the initial data - cardinals of abstract entities - and fuzziness of the parameters of the cardinal semantic operators are considered. The principle of formation of the fuzzy common carry in the cardinal semantic operators with multiple inputs is formulated.
Improving the Process of Online Education by Introducing Innovation
Authors: Kovačić Boris , Latinović Branko
Published: September 2022

The aim of this paper is to point out the information chain of supply to graduate pharmacists and masters of pharmacy, members of the Pharmaceutical Chamber of the Republic of Srpska. In addition, point to CRM in order to achieve greater satisfaction of members. Point out solutions and innovations that improve data exchange of associations that provide continuous education of graduate pharmacists and masters of pharmacy, members of the Pharmaceutical Chamber of Republika Srpska, as well as online platforms for online education of the Pharmaceutical Chamber of Republika Srpska and local databases.
IoT – Company Approach to IoT Modeling and Applications
Authors: Marinković Dražen , Avramović Zoran Ž.
Published: September 2022

Using the available literature, this paper attempts to present the company ‘s approach to IoT modeling and the incorporation of IoT technologies into business processes. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of IoT technologies and systems of large corporations (Yokogawa, Intel) and commercial access to IoT technologies is provided. In conclusion, based on previous knowledge and scientifically based arguments, the advantages and disadvantages of IoT technologies are presented.
Architectural Planning Features of Class II Stations of the Ussuri Railway: Vladivostok and Khabarovsk
Authors: Glatolenkova Ekaterina
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the architectural and urban planning features of Class II stations on the section of the Trans–Siberian Railway - the Ussuriyskaya Railway (the historical name of the line), the most remote from Moscow and St. Petersburg. The article discusses the final stations of the route – Vladivostok and Khabarovsk during the years of construction and in the first years of operation (the time frame can be conditionally considered from 1891 – the laying of the road, until the early 1910s - the preparation of projects for the reconstruction and expansion of stations). The author pays special attention to the study of village layouts, the mutual location of the main objects – passenger buildings, squares, streets; the current state of railway development is analyzed. The paper presents the materials obtained during the field surveys and research studies of the author in 2021-2022. It is emphasized that railway stations and their simple, at first glance, architectural design are part of the grandiose ensemble of the Great Siberian Way, original monuments of the era, and as such are of considerable research interest. Architectural and town-planning features of the first railway stations of Vladivostok and Khabarovsk are analyzed for the first time. The necessity of further comprehensive study of the railway development of cities and towns in the south of the Far East, including for the development of measures for its preservation and popularization of industrial architectural heritage, was noted.
Subculture of Childhood in the Information Space: Features of the "Picture of the World"
Authors: Karabanov Andrei
Published: September 2022

The subject of the research is the features of the "picture of the world" of the subculture of childhood in the information space. In the age of accelerated development of network communication technologies, this research topic is extremely relevant. After all, the development of the subculture of childhood in the information space and the emergence of new features of the "picture of the world" formed by the younger generation lead to certain socio-cultural consequences. The purpose of the work is to analyze the transformation of the subculture of childhood in the information space and identify the main features of the "worldview" of its typical representative. The interdisciplinary nature of the research determines the methodology of philosophical-cultural, structural-functional and sociological approaches. The scientific novelty of the study is that it reflects the main functions of the subculture of childhood in the information environment, which differ from the series of functional features previously presented in research papers. In particular, two cardinally new functions have been identified and justified – linguomaking and symbolizing, previously not found in other scientific works. The study also revealed differences between subsets of "children's subculture" and "childhood subculture", considered by most researchers of these phenomena as synonymous. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is the formulation of a verbal portrait of a typical representative of the modern subculture of childhood, forecasting the further development of the phenomenon in the information space and the level of influence of its sub-formations on the forms of dominant culture and its orthodox representatives.
Formation and Development of Compensation for Moral Damage in Russia.
Authors: Morozov Andrei Aleksandrovich , Gudkova Margarita Olegovna
Published: September 2022

The subject of the research in this article is the consideration of the causes of the legal structure of compensation for moral harm, the study of the evolution of the mechanism of legal regulation of the compensation for moral harm in Russia in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, modern Russia. The study of the formation of the institution of compensation for moral damage is carried out on the basis of its correlation with the provisions of the Talion principle. The relevance of the research is due to the significance of the study of the peculiarities of the regulation of the civil law mechanism of the institute of moral damage compensation and the need to systematize views on understanding the development of the mechanism of legal regulation of the institute of moral damage compensation in different periods, under different political systems in Russia and, as a result, the division of all periods of legal regulation of the institute of moral damage compensation into several stages. It is also necessary to note the importance of conducting a comparative analysis of the mechanism of compensation for moral damage and the provisions of the talion principle throughout the entire time of their coexistence. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the goal itself and the results of the work. In the course of the scientific research, the author systematized information about the development of the mechanism of legal regulation of the institute of compensation for moral harm, proposed his classification of the evolution of the mechanism of legal regulation of the institute of compensation for moral harm, consisting of several stages: pre-revolutionary, Soviet, modern, justified his conclusions; analyzed the ratio of the institute of compensation for moral harm and the Talion principle, their role and significance on the during each of the selected stages of the evolution of the legal regulation of the mechanism of compensation for moral damage. The correlation of the mechanism of compensation for moral damage and the talion principle within each study period is analyzed. The position of the institute of compensation for moral damage to the talion principle is determined.
Refusal to Recognize and Enforce Decisions of international Commercial Arbitrations on the Basis of Contradiction to Public Policy
Authors: Guliev Shamil Akhmed Ogli , Rzaev Ramil Gummat Ogli
Published: September 2022

The relevance of the study is confirmed by the fact that in the conditions of globalization of the world economy and the development of international commercial turnover, the importance of international commercial arbitration is rapidly increasing, as well as by the fact that there is complexity and ambiguity in understanding the legal category of "public order" due to the fact that this institution is not a definitively regulated area of law enforcement in the modern legal order. The object of research of this article is social relations arising as a result of the activities of arbitration courts in international commercial turnover. The purpose of the work is to identify the procedures, mechanism and features of the application of the public policy clause in the field of recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration decisions. When writing this article, both general scientific research methods, including analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction, and special methods of cognition, such as comparative legal and descriptive methods, were used. One of the main methods in this work is comparative law, since it helps to identify the similarities and differences of the legal systems under consideration, which are the subject of the study. The novelty lies in the consideration of the correlation of issues concerning the legal nature of "public order", as well as the analysis of cases related to the procedure of refusal to recognize and enforce decisions of international commercial arbitration on the territory of a foreign state on the basis of contradiction to public order. In the course of the study, the following conclusions were made. The complex of problems that have formed in this area is almost impossible to solve by signing and putting into effect a single normative legal act of the international level. The list of cases of application of this legal category in arbitration activities is non-exhaustive. The public policy clause is one of the most important components of the institutions of private international law. The institution of public order has an extraordinary character in the decisions of international commercial arbitration.
Legal Regulation of Police Administrative Activities: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Zaprutin Denis Grigor'evich
Published: September 2022

The object of the research of the scientific article is the basics of legal regulation of the administrative activities of Russian police, taking into account the historical and legal development of these activities. The subject of the study is the peculiarities, problems and prospects of the legal regulation of the administrative activities of the police. The purpose of this scientific article is to substantiate the specifics (in genesis) and trends of the development of the administrative activities of the national police. The author examines in detail the issues concerning the position of the legislator regarding the legal regulation of this type of police activity at the present stage, reflects the main problems in the designated area, indicates possible prospects for improvement. At the same time, the article pays attention to the legal foundations of the administrative activities of the police, taking into account the historical and legal aspect, the analysis of trends in the development of sources of law regulating this area. The methodology of the scientific article was based on a systematic approach to the analysis of the basics of legal regulation of administrative activities of the police (taking into account the genesis). The research methodology is determined by the use of such scientific methods as historical and legal (when describing the genesis of the administrative activities of the police), logical (when presenting research materials in the article, when formulating conclusions, as well as recommendations regarding the prospects for the development of the studied relations), comparative legal (when analyzing the sources of law) and others that allowed to implement the purpose of the article. As the main conclusions, it is noted that modern processes caused by globalization, new criminal threats mediated by universal digitalization, the penetration of crime into global financial conglomerates, the youth crime, all this necessitate the improvement of the administrative activities of the police. The author's special contribution is proposals to improve the effectiveness of countering cyber threats against minors and to prevent corruption. The novelty of the research lies in the author's designation of specific ways to solve the identified problems, in the regulation of new police capabilities to improve administrative activities aimed at countering certain manifestations of crime.
The Limits of Analogy in the Private Legal Status of the Beneficial Owner of a Legal Entity
Authors: Mikryukov Viktor Alekseevich
Published: September 2022

The author reveals the inconsistency of judicial practice on the issue of the private legal status of beneficial owners (final beneficiaries, beneficiaries) of a legal entity: in cases of challenging decisions of general meetings of participants and transactions of such legal entities, courts without proper references to the legal basis tend to recognize the beneficiaries of the right to appropriate claims, and in disputes over their demands for information the activities of the corporate entities actually controlled by them are denied on the grounds of the lack of grounds for applying the analogy of the law, considering the silence of the legislator about the relevant protective instrument of the beneficiary qualified. Due to the absence of special rules on the presence or absence of analyzed protective capabilities of beneficial owners, the effectiveness of analogy as a traditional means of overcoming legal gaps has been tested. The prospects of analogical introduction of the public-law concept of "beneficial owner" into the structure of the private-law status of legal entities are evaluated. The development of a formal approach based on the absence of a direct legal connection of the beneficiary with the organization controlled by him is not excluded. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a unified judicial approach to the possibility of analogical application of public-law rules on the figure of beneficial owners to private-law relations with their indirect participation before the legislative solution of the issue under study.
The rehearsal process in choreography as an aspect of creative integration
Authors: Kopunova Kseniya Sergeevna
Published: September 2022

The subject of this research is the rehearsal process in choreographic art. The object of the study is the comprehension of this process as a creative integration of an artist and a teacher-tutor. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the role of an artist, the preparation of a ballet dancer for a performance, gives examples of works of art that contribute to honing the professional skills of dancers. The author focuses on the importance of participation in stage practice during the years of study, which allows you to feel more confident on stage as a professional ballet dancer, and also points out the main contradiction – the time limitation on the preparation of the artist for the part and the need to demonstrate impeccable performance. The importance of this research is expressed in the fact that in modern education and tutoring work in the theater, such a phenomenon as creative integration is an important factor in achieving the goals set, namely in obtaining and maintaining the professional level of academic theaters. The result of the conducted research is the design of a model of modern training of artists to participate in performances of the classical repertoire, with a focus on preserving the choreographic text and heritage as a whole. The novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive approach to the characterization of the creative integration of a ballet dancer and a teacher in the process of preparing for a performance, determining the leading professional traits of dancers, the presence of which allows us to realize the task of creating a high-quality product of joint activity of the performer and the teacher-tutor.
Perceived risk of using online transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A MIMIC-model approach
Authors: Arlianto Arlianto , Geshica Lavenda
Published: September 2022

This study aims to assess the construct validity of the perceived risk scale on online transpor-tation users during the COVID-19 outbreak at once to test whether this scale can produce information that is not influenced by individual characteristics using Multiple Indicators and Multiple Cause (MIMIC) models. The 251 participants from different regions in Indonesia, such as East Java, Central Java, West Java, and outside Java participated in this study. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approach was used as the main method in data analysis. The result showed that this six-aspect contextualized version of the scale was fit. The MIMIC model showed that this scale was not influenced by covariate variables, such as age, domicile, sex, marital status, length of time using online transportation, types of online transportation services, and occupation (except private employees). For further research, the exploratory study of risk perception and analysis of the roles of socioeconomic factors are suggested to do.
Properti psikometris Big Five Inventory–2 versi Indonesia
Authors: Achmadan Firdhan , Jaya Edo Sebastian , Asih Sali Rahadi
Published: September 2022

The five personality traits are currently seen as the most widely used theoretical framework in explaining the variability of human behavior. Big Five Inventory (BFI) is one of the well-known inventories that contributes to the progress of the big five research. Recently, the developer updated and published the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2). Various studies have been conducted to expand the scope of validation, but until now the testing has not been carried out involving Indonesian participants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the BFI-2 in the Indonesian version. The researcher corresponds with the developer to obtain BFI-2 which has been officially translated by the International Situations Project (ISP). Data were collected by distributing online surveys through various social media platforms. A total of 1061 participants were involved in this study. The result showed adequate internal consistency on the domain level and somewhat lower on the facet level. The BFI-2 domains and facets also showed good convergent-discriminant validity in relation to IPIP-BFM-50 and TIPI. The factor analysis shows that the model fits the data after seven problematic items were not included in the analysis. Therefore, we concluded that the questionnaire could be used to measure the Big Five personality traits in Indonesia provided the problematic items found to be invalid are deleted.
Multiple ciliary localization signals control INPP5E ciliary targeting
Authors: Cilleros-Rodriguez Dario , Martin-Morales Raquel , Barbeito Pablo , Deb Roy Abhijit , Loukil Abdelhalim , Sierra-Rodero Belen , Herranz Gonzalo , Pampliega Olatz , Redrejo-Rodriguez Modesto , Goetz Sarah C , Izquierdo Manuel , Inoue Takanari , Garcia-Gonzalo Francesc R
Published: September 2022

Primary cilia are sensory membrane protrusions whose dysfunction causes ciliopathies. INPP5E is a ciliary phosphoinositide phosphatase mutated in ciliopathies like Joubert syndrome. INPP5E regulates numerous ciliary functions, but how it accumulates in cilia remains poorly understood. Herein, we show INPP5E ciliary targeting requires its folded catalytic domain and is controlled by four conserved ciliary localization signals (CLSs): LLxPIR motif (CLS1), W383 (CLS2), FDRxLYL motif (CLS3) and CaaX box (CLS4). We answer two long-standing questions in the field. First, partial CLS1-CLS4 redundancy explains why CLS4 is dispensable for ciliary targeting. Second, the essential need for CLS2 clarifies why CLS3-CLS4 are together insufficient for ciliary accumulation. Furthermore, we reveal that some Joubert syndrome mutations perturb INPP5E ciliary targeting, and clarify how each CLS works: (i) CLS4 recruits PDE6D, RPGR and ARL13B, (ii) CLS2-CLS3 regulate association to TULP3, ARL13B, and CEP164, and (iii) CLS1 and CLS4 cooperate in ATG16L1 binding. Altogether, we shed light on the mechanisms of INPP5E ciliary targeting, revealing a complexity without known parallels among ciliary cargoes.
Molecular characteristics and laminar distribution of prefrontal neurons projecting to the mesolimbic system
Authors: Babiczky Ákos , Matyas Ferenc
Published: September 2022

Prefrontal cortical influence over the mesolimbic system – including the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) – is implicated in various cognitive processes and behavioral malfunctions. The functional versatility of this system could be explained by an underlying anatomical complexity; however, the detailed characterization of the medial prefrontal cortical (mPFC) innervation of the NAc and VTA is still lacking. Therefore, combining classical retrograde and conditional viral tracing techniques with multiple fluorescent immunohistochemistry, we sought to deliver a precise, cell- and layer-specific anatomical description of the cortico-mesolimbic pathways in mice. We demonstrated that NAc- (mPFCNAc) and VTA-projecting mPFC (mPFCVTA) populations show different laminar distribution (layers 2/3–5a and 5b–6, respectively) and express different molecular markers. Specifically, calbindin and Ntsr1 are specific to mPFCNAc neurons, while mPFCVTA neurons express high levels of Ctip2 and FoxP2, indicating that these populations are mostly separated at the cellular level. We directly tested this with double retrograde tracing and Canine adenovirus type 2-mediated viral labeling and found that there is indeed minimal overlap between the two populations. Furthermore, whole-brain analysis revealed that the projection pattern of these populations is also different throughout the brain. Taken together, we demonstrated that the NAc and the VTA are innervated by two, mostly nonoverlapping mPFC populations with different laminar distribution and molecular profile. These results can contribute to the advancement in our understanding of mesocorticolimbic functions and its disorders in future studies.
Amygdala-cortical collaboration in reward learning and decision making
Authors: Wassum Kate M
Published: September 2022

Adaptive reward-related decision making requires accurate prospective consideration of the specific outcome of each option and its current desirability. These mental simulations are informed by stored memories of the associative relationships that exist within an environment. In this review, I discuss recent investigations of the function of circuitry between the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and lateral (lOFC) and medial (mOFC) orbitofrontal cortex in the learning and use of associative reward memories. I draw conclusions from data collected using sophisticated behavioral approaches to diagnose the content of appetitive memory in combination with modern circuit dissection tools. I propose that, via their direct bidirectional connections, the BLA and OFC collaborate to help us encode detailed, outcome-specific, state-dependent reward memories and to use those memories to enable the predictions and inferences that support adaptive decision making. Whereas lOFC→BLA projections mediate the encoding of outcome-specific reward memories, mOFC→BLA projections regulate the ability to use these memories to inform reward pursuit decisions. BLA projections to lOFC and mOFC both contribute to using reward memories to guide decision making. The BLA→lOFC pathway mediates the ability to represent the identity of a specific predicted reward and the BLA→mOFC pathway facilitates understanding of the value of predicted events. Thus, I outline a neuronal circuit architecture for reward learning and decision making and provide new testable hypotheses as well as implications for both adaptive and maladaptive decision making.
Structure of Geobacter OmcZ filaments suggests extracellular cytochrome polymers evolved independently multiple times
Authors: Wang Fengbin , Chan Chi Ho , Suciu Victor , Mustafa Khawla , Ammend Madeline , Si Dong , Hochbaum Allon I , Egelman Edward H , Bond Daniel R
Published: September 2022

While early genetic and low-resolution structural observations suggested that extracellular conductive filaments on metal-reducing organisms such as Geobacter were composed of type IV pili, it has now been established that bacterial c-type cytochromes can polymerize to form extracellular filaments capable of long-range electron transport. Atomic structures exist for two such cytochrome filaments, formed from the hexaheme cytochrome OmcS and the tetraheme cytochrome OmcE. Due to the highly conserved heme packing within the central OmcS and OmcE cores, and shared pattern of heme coordination between subunits, it has been suggested that these polymers have a common origin. We have now used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the structure of a third extracellular filament, formed from the Geobacter sulfurreducens octaheme cytochrome, OmcZ. In contrast to the linear heme chains in OmcS and OmcE from the same organism, the packing of hemes, heme:heme angles, and between-subunit heme coordination is quite different in OmcZ. A branched heme arrangement within OmcZ leads to a highly surface exposed heme in every subunit, which may account for the formation of conductive biofilm networks, and explain the higher measured conductivity of OmcZ filaments. This new structural evidence suggests that conductive cytochrome polymers arose independently on more than one occasion from different ancestral multiheme proteins.
Why I shrank my lab by half
Authors: Carpenter Anne E
Published: September 2022

A medical diagnosis sets a principal investigator on a new path.
Systematic review on modification to the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing discovery mechanics
Authors: Alameri Ibrahim , Komarkova Jitka , Al-Hadhrami Tawfik , Lotfi Ahmad
Published: September 2022

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are used in a variety of research areas, including the military, industry, healthcare, agriculture, the Internet of Things (IoT), transportation, and smart cities. The swift advancement in MANET technology is the driving force behind this rising adoption rate. Routing over MANET is a critical problem due to the dynamic nature of the link qualities, even when nodes are static. A key challenge in MANETs is the need for an efficient routing protocol that establishes a route according to certain performance metrics related to the link quality. The routing protocols utilised by the nodes in WMNs and MANETs are distinct. Nodes in both types of networks exchange data packets through the routing protocols. For this highly mobile network, the ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol has been suggested as a possible solution. Recent years have attracted researchers’ attention to AODV since it is a routing technique for ad-hoc networks that prevents looping. The architecture of this routing protocol considers several factors, including the mobility of nodes, the failure of connection links, and the loss of packets. In this systematic review, one of the key focuses is bringing attention to the classic AODV, which was developed after discussing the recent development of several versions of AODV. The AODV routing protocol performs a path strength check to generate a more reliable and secure route between the source and destination nodes. In AODV, investigations demonstrate advances in both the format protocol approach and the network simulation-2 (NS-2), and these improvements were made in the same scenario used to revitalise AODV. It has been discovered that the AODV is more effective in several aspects, such as throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), energy consumption, jitter, packet loss ratio, and network overhead. Furthermore, this paper presents this systematic review based on AODV modifications in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). It also provides a methodological framework for the papers’ selection.
Antibiotic resistance and genomic features of Clostridioides difficile in southwest China
Authors: Gu Wenpeng , Li Wenge , Jia Senquan , Zhou Yongming , Yin Jianwen , Wu Yuan , Fu Xiaoqing
Published: September 2022

Background

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) caused by toxigenic strains leads to antibiotic-related diarrhea, colitis, or even fatal pseudomembranous enteritis. Previously, we conducted a cross-sectional study on prevalence of CDI in southwest China. However, the antibiotics resistance and characteristics of genomes of these isolates are still unknown.

Methods

Antibiotic susceptibility testing with E-test strips and whole genome sequence analysis were used to characterize the features of these C. difficile isolates.

Results

Forty-nine strains of C. difficile were used in this study. Five isolates were non-toxigenic and the rest carried toxigenic genes. We have previously reported that ST35/RT046, ST3/RT001 and ST3/RT009 were the mostly distributed genotypes of strains in the children group. In this study, all the C. difficile isolates were sensitive to metronidazole, meropenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and vancomycin. Most of the strains were resistant to erythromycin, gentamicin and clindamycin. The annotated resistant genes, such as macB, vanRA, vanRG, vanRM, arlR, and efrB were mostly identified related to macrolide, glycopeptide, and fluoroquinolone resistance. Interestingly, 77.55% of the strains were considered as multi-drug resistant (MDR). Phylogenetic analysis based on core genome of bacteria revealed all the strains were divided into clade 1 and clade 4. The characteristics of genome diversity for clade 1 could be found. None of the isolates showed 18-bp deletion of tcdC as RT027 strain as described before, and polymorphism of tcdB showed a high degree of conservation than tcdA gene.

Conclusions

Most of the C. difficile isolates in this study were resistant to macrolide and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Moreover, the MDR strains were commonly found. All the isolates belonged to clade 1 and clade 4 according to phylogenetic analysis of bacterial genome, and highly genomic diversity of clade 1 was identified for these strains.
Micronucleus Scoring in Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Breast LesionsA Retrospective Analytical Study
Authors: Katta Ramya , Rao Kakumanu Nageswara , Murthy Badugu Krishna , Kalam Shaik Raja Husne
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities are biological indicators of genotoxicity and chromosomal instabilities. Breast lesions are frequently encountered in routine clinical practice and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is used as a routine diagnostic modality. Aim: To identify the utility of micronucleus scoring in classifying and diagnosing palpable breast lesions with FNAC. Materials and Methods: The present study was a two year retrospective analysis in the Department of Pathology of Guntur Medical College and Government General Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Case records and FNAC smears of breast lesions in the period from March 2018 to February 2020 were retrieved from the departmental archives. Data was analysed in the month of September 2020. A total of 108 cases were included in the study. Micronucleus scoring was done on the FNAC smears independently by two institutional pathologists who were blinded to clinical data and final diagnosis and mean micronuclear scores were obtained. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test on Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version 14) to determine the significance of micronuclear score in differentiating benign and malignant lesions, and in grading the malignant tumours. Results: All the cases were classified into four categories: benign, atypical favouring benign, suspicious of malignancy, invasive breast carcinoma on cytology. In the present study it was found that micronucleus scoring was effective in differentiating various benign and malignant breast lesions (p-value=0.0001) and also in grading of malignant tumours (p-value=0.05). The results obtained showed that there exists a significant level of correlation with other well established standard grading systems (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.94). Conclusion: The present study revealed that micronucleus scoring is indeed a useful and reliable method for diagnosing breast lesions and can be used as an adjunct in classifying difficult and borderline cases on cytology