bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P.078 Diaphragm ultrasound in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case report demonstrating a critical role for this technique
Authors: Ross MA , Smith BE , Muzyka I , Dalrymple J
Published: June 2017

Background: Diaphragm pacing (DP) is an experimental ALS treatment, available through a compassionate use program. Eligibility requires forced vital capacity (FVC) between 45-50% predicted and phrenic nerve conduction study (NCS) evidence showing the diaphragm can be electrically stimulated. Diaphragm ultrasound (DU) also evaluates diaphragm function by demonstrating thickening with inspiration. Methods: A 63 year old man with advanced ALS requested DP as his respiratory functions worsened. He was wheelchair bound and had severe dysarthria and dysphagia. He had exertional dyspnea and used CPAP at night for obstructive apnea. Results: FVC was 47% predicted. Initial phrenic NCS showed a normal response on the right but no response on the left, making him ineligible for DP. Diaphragm function was further assessed with DU. This showed normal thickening with inspiration bilaterally. The DU result prompted repeating the right phrenic NCS which then showed a normal response. He successfully completed surgical implantation of diaphragm leads for DP. At surgery both diaphragms showed good responses to electrical stimulation. Conclusions: Phrenic NCS can be technically challenging and yield a false positive (absent) result. In this patient, DU indicated good diaphragm function, which prompted repeating phrenic NCS. The normal phrenic NCS allowed the patient to pursue DP.
P.083 Characterization of an arteriovenous malformation using 7T structural and functional imaging: A case report
Authors: Ikeda KM , Lau JC , Mirsattari SM , Lownie SP
Published: June 2017

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a type of vascular abnormality characterized by abnormal connections between arteries and veins without the normal interposed capillary bed. The gold standard for diagnosis is digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Functional MRI (fMRI), particularly with the increased sensitivity at ultra-high field (>=7T), may help to further characterize AVMs, but has not been performed in this population. Methods: We present a functional and structural neuroimaging analysis of an AVM at 7T. Resting-state fMRI was analyzed using independent components analysis (ICA) and compared to normal controls. Structural T1-weighted images were obtained at 1.5T and 7T. The patient also underwent DSA. Results: A 44 year-old, right handed man presented with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. MRI at 1.5T and 7T revealed an AVM located in the pineal region measuring 3.2 cm. Multiple large feeder vessels were identified, and the AVM drained into the vein of Galen, clearly visualized on the 7T images. Functional imaging revealed an altered default mode network and ICA-identified vascular networks corresponding to the AVM. Conclusions: Imaging at 7T clearly delineates AVM structure. Functional connectivity is altered by the AVM. Vessel-specific independent components were identified that may be helpful for AVM characterization.
P.089 A comparison of perioperative complication rates in adult spinal deformity correction with one versus two surgeons
Authors: Parvez K , Hsu J , Ivanishvilli Z , Boisvert S , Warren M , Frangou E , Warren D
Published: June 2017

Background: Morbidity can be high in the management of adult spinal deformity patients. Complications include blood loss (EBL), durotomy, radicular pain, and postoperative hardware failure. Utilization of one versus two spinal surgeons in spinal deformity correction reduces overall perioperative morbidity is unclear. Methods: All procedures were performed by surgeons at a single institution between January 2012-2015. Patients were followed for a minimum of one year and maximum of four years. We retrospectively reviewed 60 cases of adult spinal deformity. Our cohort was divided into 1 versus 2 surgeons (12 vs 48 cases). We analyzed these cases for estimated blood loss and peri-operative complications. Results: Cases involving long thoracic to pelvis correction (T3-T6) was 20.8% in the 2 surgeons group and 8.3% in the 1 surgeon group. The EBL >3.0 L for 1 versus 2 surgeon groups were 25% and 41.6% respectively. Major complications in the 1 versus 2 surgeon group were 25% and 47.9% and the revision rates were 25% versus 37.5%. The percentage of minor complications in the 1 versus 2 surgeon group was 33.3% versus 14.6%. Conclusions: Utilizing two surgeons did not reduce complication rates. Procedures performed by two surgeons were more extensive deformity corrections. The extent of correction is the likely explanation for differing complication rates.
P.096 Evaluation of Poly Vinyl Alcohol Cryogel (PVA-C) composites for mimicking biomechanical properties of the lumbar interverterbral disc
Authors: Wang BH , Gurr K , Bailey C , Campbell G
Published: June 2017

Background: Current lumbar intervertebral disc prostheses provide suboptimal symptom relief with little natural load-cushioning. PVA-C is a promising biocompatible material, and our previous study finds that it can closely mimic the properties of nucleus pulposus. However, pure PVA-C does not possess adequate stiffness to mimic the annulus fibrosus. Methods: Composite particle-reinforced PVA-C formulations were tested to identify methods that could increase the elastic modulus. This included: sephadex, hydroxyapatite (stock) and hydroxyapatite (in-solution synthesis). All formulations were tested using 15% PVA-C and 5% reinforcing agent. Indentation and durometer tests were performed as well as simple compression, compressive stress relaxation and creep. Results: Indentation and durometer results did not clearly reveal any specific formulations that significantly improved stiffness. The addition of in-solution synthesized hydroxyapatite resulted in 1.15 to 2 time increase in elastic modulus (0.3-0.9 MPa) and associated decrease in stress relaxation and creep. The addition of stock hydroxyapatite and spehadex (G100f and G50sf) lowered the elastic modulus and increased stress relaxation and creep. Conclusions: In-solution synthesized hydroxyapatite is the only particle-reinforced composite PVA-C formulation that exhibited greater stiffness than pure PVA-C. The elastic modulus will need to be increased by 5-10x to adequately mimic the annulus fibrosus. A fiber-reinforced composite will likely be needed to accomplish this.
P.107 Standardizing resident operative-case logging: the first step of a prospective national study of resident operative volume
Authors: Winkler-Schwartz A , Bigder M , Dakson A , Elliot C , Guha D , Iorio-Morin C , Kameda-Smith M , Lavergne P , Makarenko S , Taccone M , Tso MK , Wang B , Atkinson J
Published: June 2017

Background: No standardized method of resident operative-case logging exists. Our study sought to develop a standardized form used by residents to log operative-cases. Methods: Members of the Canadian Neurosurgery Research Collaborative (CNRC), a national resident-led research organization have created a standardized document based on the current Royal College objectives for operative procedures (section 5). Modifications to structure and content will be guided via consensus from Canadian neurosurgery program-directors. Results: Program directors in each CNRC collaborative institution will be asked to modify the standardized form. The CNRC currently involves thirteen of the fourteen Canadian neurosurgery residency programs. Additional consensus, if necessary, can be reached at the Royal College meeting for program directors of neurosurgery March 20th 2017. Conclusions: A standardized operative-case log represents the first step in a prospective study towards compiling operative volume of all Canadian neurosurgical residents over one academic year. Such data will be essential to guide informed decisions with regard to Royal College requirements as Canadian neurosurgical programs transition to a competency based framework.
C.06 Retraction of scientific publications in neurosurgery
Authors: Wang JZ , Alotaibi NM , Ku J , Rutka JT
Published: June 2017

Background: Despite increasing awareness of scientific fraud, no attempt has been made to assess its prevalence in neurosurgery. The aim of our review was to assess the chronological trend and reasons for the retraction of neurosurgical publications. Methods: We searched the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases using a comprehensive search strategy for retracted articles from January 1995 to December 2016. Archives of retracted articles on www.retractionwatch.com and the independent websites of neurosurgical journals were also searched. Data including the journal name and its impact factor, reason for retraction, country of origin, and citations were extracted. Results: A total of 72 studies were included for data extraction. Journal impact factor ranged from 0.24 to 14.4. Most studies(76%) were retracted within the last 5 years. The most common reason for retraction was because of a duplicated publication found elsewhere(25%), followed closely by plagiarism(21%), or falsifying data(17%). Other reasons included scientific errors/mistakes, author misattribution, and fraudulent peer review. Articles originated from several different countries and some were widely cited. Conclusions: Retractions of neurosurgical publications are increasing globally, mostly due to issues of academic integrity. Implementation of more transparent data sharing and screening as well as additional education for new researchers may help mitigate these issues moving forward.
Computer-Assisted Antimicrobial Recommendations for Optimal Therapy: Analysis of Prescribing Errors in an Antimicrobial Stewardship Trial
Authors: Schwartz David N. , McConeghy Kevin W. , Lyles Rosie D. , Wu Ulysses , Glowacki Robert C. , Itokazu Gail S. , Kieszkowski Piotr , Xiang Yingxu , Hota Bala , Weinstein Robert A.
Published: June 2017

Clinician education and prospective audit and feedback interventions, deployed separately and concurrently, did not reduce antimicrobial use errors or rates compared to a control group of general medicine inpatients at our public hospital. Additional research is needed to define the optimal scope and intensity of hospital antimicrobial stewardship interventions.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:857–859
Dietary inflammatory index and risk of reflux oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a population-based case–control study
Authors: Shivappa Nitin , Hebert James R. , Anderson Lesley A. , Shrubsole Martha J. , Murray Liam J. , Getty Lauren B. , Coleman Helen G.
Published: June 2017

The dietary inflammatory index (DIITM) is a novel composite score based on a range of nutrients and foods known to be associated with inflammation. DII scores have been linked to the risk of a number of cancers, including oesophageal squamous cell cancer and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). Given that OAC stems from acid reflux and that the oesophageal epithelium undergoes a metaplasia-dysplasia transition from the resulting inflammation, it is plausible that a high DII score (indicating a pro-inflammatory diet) may exacerbate risk of OAC and its precursor conditions. The aim of this analytical study was to explore the association between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DIITM) in relation to risk of reflux oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus and OAC. Between 2002 and 2005, reflux oesophagitis (n219), Barrett’s oesophagus (n220) and OAC (n224) patients, and population-based controls (n256), were recruited to the Factors influencing the Barrett’s Adenocarcinoma Relationship study in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. E-DII scores were derived from a 101-item FFQ. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was applied to determine odds of oesophageal lesions according to E-DII intakes, adjusting for potential confounders. High E-DII scores were associated with borderline increase in odds of reflux oesophagitis (OR 1·87; 95 % CI 0·93, 3·73), and significantly increased odds of Barrett’s oesophagus (OR 2·05; 95 % CI 1·22, 3·47), and OAC (OR 2·29; 95 % CI 1·32, 3·96), when comparing the highest with the lowest tertiles of E-DII scores. In conclusion, a pro-inflammatory diet may exacerbate the risk of the inflammation-metaplasia-adenocarcinoma pathway in oesophageal carcinogenesis.
Expression profiling indicating low selenium-sensitive microRNA levels linked to cell cycle and cell stress response pathways in the CaCo-2 cell line
Authors: McCann Mark J. , Rotjanapun Kunjana , Hesketh John E. , Roy Nicole C.
Published: June 2017

Se is an essential micronutrient for human health, and fluctuations in Se levels and the potential cellular dysfunction associated with it may increase the risk for disease. Although Se has been shown to influence several biological pathways important in health, little is known about the effect of Se on the expression of microRNA (miRNA) molecules regulating these pathways. To explore the potential role of Se-sensitive miRNA in regulating pathways linked with colon cancer, we profiled the expression of 800 miRNA in the CaCo-2 human adenocarcinoma cell line in response to a low-Se (72 h at <40 nm) environment using nCounter direct quantification. These data were then examined using a range ofin silicodatabases to identify experimentally validated miRNA–mRNA interactions and the biological pathways involved. We identified ten Se-sensitive miRNA (hsa-miR-93-5p, hsa-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-205-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-99b-5p, hsa-miR-302d-3p, hsa-miR-373-3p, hsa-miR-483-3p, hsa-miR-512-5p and hsa-miR-4454), which regulate 3588 mRNA in key pathways such as the cell cycle, the cellular response to stress, and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin, p53 and ERK/MAPK signalling pathways. Our data show that the effects of low Se on biological pathways may, in part, be due to these ten Se-sensitive miRNA. Dysregulation of the cell cycle and of the stress response pathways due to low Se may influence key genes involved in carcinogenesis.
Spatial Distribution of Acetolactate Synthase Resistance Mechanisms in Neighboring Populations of Silky Windgrass (Apera spica-venti)
Authors: Babineau Marielle , Mathiassen Solvejg K. , Kristensen Michael , Holst Niels , Beffa Roland , Kudsk Per
Published: June 2017

Silky windgrass is a serious weed in central and northern Europe. Its importance has escalated in recent years because of its growing resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides. This study investigated the resistance level for three herbicide sites of action in eight silky windgrass populations, collected in fields neighboring a field where iodosulfuron sodium salt–resistant silky windgrass had previously been found. Target site resistance (TSR) and non–target site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms were identified, and a spatial gradient distribution hypothesis of ALS resistance was tested. Populations showed large variations in ED50values to iodosulfuron, with resistance indices (RIs) ranging from 0.1 to 372. No cross-resistance was found to other herbicide groups with the same site of action as iodosulfuron. In contrast, resistance was observed to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor, fenoxaprop ethyl ester (RI from 0.7 to 776), while the activity of prosulfocarb, an inhibitor of long-chain fatty-acid synthesis, was unaffected. Iodosulfuron-resistant phenotypes were associated with NTSR, while fenoxaprop ethyl ester resistance was caused by both NTSR and TSR (Ile-1781-Leu mutation). A large-scale trend in the spatial distribution of resistance to ALS indicated a decreasing resistance with increased distance from an epicenter. After finer-scale analysis, less than 0.05% of the residual variation could be attributed to spatial autocorrelation. The spatial resistance pattern was not correlated with the dominant wind direction, while there was a correlation between the resistant phenotype and type of crop. This study underlines that NTSR mechanisms do not always confer broad resistance to different herbicide subclasses and site of action, hence the complex relationship to resistant phenotype. NTSR mechanisms, in particular detoxification, were present at different levels for the herbicides tested in the silky windgrass populations of this study. The factors contributing to the spatial distribution of resistance remain elusive.
Building Latent Class Trees, With an Application to a Study of Social	Capital
Authors: van den Bergh Mattis , Schmittmann Verena D. , Vermunt Jeroen K.
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Researchers use latent class (LC) analysis to derive meaningful clusters from sets of categorical variables. However, especially when the number of classes required to obtain a good fit is large, interpretation of the latent classes may not be straightforward. To overcome this problem, we propose an alternative way of performing LC analysis, Latent Class Tree (LCT) modeling. For this purpose, a recursive partitioning procedure similar to divisive hierarchical cluster analysis is used: classes are split until a certain criterion indicates that the fit does not improve. The advantage of the LCT approach compared to the standard LC approach is that it gives a clear insight into how the latent classes are formed and how solutions with different numbers of classes relate. We also propose measures to evaluate the relative importance of the splits. The practical use of the approach is illustrated by the analysis of a data set on social capital.
Effect Sizes of Model Misfit in Structural Equation	Models
Authors: Maydeu-Olivares Alberto , Shi Dexin
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Residual correlations and covariances provide effect sizes of the misfit of covariance structure models. In a simulation study, we found that accurate confidence intervals (CIs) for standardized residual covariances are obtained even in small samples (N = 100), regardless of model size, degree of model misspecification, and data distribution. Standardized residual covariances also provide information about the source of misfit in poorly fitting models. From this viewpoint, they may be considered an alternative to modification indices. We compared the empirical Type I errors and power rates of standardized residual covariances and modification indices and found that both procedures provide nearly identical rates across the simulation conditions investigated. Residual correlations and standardized residual covariances provide very similar results.
Factor Score Path Analysis
Authors: Devlieger Ines , Rosseel Yves
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Theoretical researchers consider Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to be the preferred method to study the relationships among latent variables. However, SEM has the disadvantage of requiring a large sample size, especially if the model is complex. Furthermore, since SEM estimates all parameters simultaneously, one misspecification in the model may influence the whole model. For these reasons, applied researchers often use a two-step Factor Score Regression (FSR) approach. In the first step, factor scores are calculated for the latent variables, which are used to perform a linear regression in the second step. However, this method results in incorrect regression coefficients. Croon (2002) developed a method that corrects for this bias. We combine this method of Croon (2002) with path analysis, resulting in Factor Score Path Analysis. This method results in correct path coefficients and has some advantages over SEM: it requires smaller sample sizes, can handle more complex models and the method is less sensitive to misspecifications, because of its stepwise nature. In conclusion, this method can be a suitable alternative for SEM, when one is dealing with a complex model and small sample sizes.
Pomalidomide, bortezomib and low-dose dexamethasone in lenalidomide-refractory and proteasome inhibitor-exposed myeloma
Authors: Richardson P G , Hofmeister C C , Raje N S , Siegel D S , Lonial S , Laubach J , Efebera Y A , Vesole D H , Nooka A K , Rosenblatt J , Doss D , Zaki M H , Bensmaine A , Herring J , Li Y , Watkins L , Chen M S , Anderson K C
Published: June 2017

This phase 1 dose-escalation study evaluated pomalidomide, bortezomib (subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV)) and low-dose dexamethasone (LoDEX) in lenalidomide-refractory and proteasome inhibitor-exposed relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In 21-day cycles, patients received pomalidomide (1–4 mg days 1–14), bortezomib (1–1.3 mg/m2 days 1, 4, 8 and 11 for cycles 1–8; days 1 and 8 for cycle ⩾9) and LoDEX. Primary endpoint was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Thirty-four patients enrolled: 12 during escalation, 10 in the MTD IV bortezomib cohort and 12 in the MTD SC bortezomib cohort. Patients received a median of 2 prior lines of therapy; 97% bortezomib exposed. With no dose-limiting toxicities, MTD was defined as the maximum planned dose: pomalidomide 4 mg, bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 and LoDEX. All patients discontinued treatment by data cutoff (2 April 2015). The most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (44%) and thrombocytopenia (26%), which occurred more frequently with IV than SC bortezomib. No grade 3/4 peripheral neuropathy or deep vein thrombosis was reported. Overall response rate was 65%. Median duration of response was 7.4 months. Pomalidomide, bortezomib and LoDEX was well tolerated and effective in lenalidomide-refractory and bortezomib-exposed patients with RRMM.
Automated segmentation of human cervical-supraclavicular adipose tissue in magnetic resonance images
Authors: Lundström Elin , Strand Robin , Forslund Anders , Bergsten Peter , Weghuber Daniel , Ahlström Håkan , Kullberg Joel
Published: June 2017

Human brown adipose tissue (BAT), with a major site in the cervical-supraclavicular depot, is a promising anti-obesity target. This work presents an automated method for segmenting cervical-supraclavicular adipose tissue for enabling time-efficient and objective measurements in large cohort research studies of BAT. Fat fraction (FF) and R2* maps were reconstructed from water-fat magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 25 subjects. A multi-atlas approach, based on atlases from nine subjects, was chosen as automated segmentation strategy. A semi-automated reference method was used to validate the automated method in the remaining subjects. Automated segmentations were obtained from a pipeline of preprocessing, affine registration, elastic registration and postprocessing. The automated method was validated with respect to segmentation overlap (Dice similarity coefficient, Dice) and estimations of FF, R2* and segmented volume. Bias in measurement results was also evaluated. Segmentation overlaps of Dice = 0.93 ± 0.03 (mean ± standard deviation) and correlation coefficients of r > 0.99 (P < 0.0001) in FF, R2* and volume estimates, between the methods, were observed. Dice and BMI were positively correlated (r = 0.54, P = 0.03) but no other significant bias was obtained (P ≥ 0.07). The automated method compared well with the reference method and can therefore be suitable for time-efficient and objective measurements in large cohort research studies of BAT.
Association between Carotid Plaque and Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Stroke Population: The SOS-Stroke Study
Authors: Wang Anxin , Liu Xiaoxue , Chen Guojuan , Hao Hongjun , Wang Yongjun , Wang Yilong
Published: June 2017

We aimed to investigate the association between carotid plaques and cognitive impairment among patients with acute ischemic stroke, and to assess key clinical implications. In the Acute Ischemic Stroke Study, patients who received a cognitive testing and underwent complete carotid artery ultrasound scans were included. Cognitive function was measured by the mini-mental state examination. The cross-sectional relationships between cognitive impairment and carotid plaques were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 3116 patients included in this study, 826 (26.51%) patients were diagnosed with cognitive impairment. After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with ≥2 carotid plaques (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–1.82), patients with ≥2 number of carotid arteries with plaque (OR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.19–1.84) and patients with hypoechoic plaque (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.24–3.38) are more likely to have cognitive impairment. In this acute ischemic stroke population, the number of carotid plaques, the number of carotid arteries with plaque and plaque stability are all associated with cognitive impairment.
Tetraploid embryonic stem cells can contribute to the development of chimeric fetuses and chimeric extraembryonic tissues
Authors: Wen Bingqiang , Li Ruiqi , Cheng Keren , Li Enhong , Zhang Shaopeng , Xiang Jinzhu , Wang Yanliang , Han Jianyong
Published: June 2017

Our study examined the in vivo chimeric and survival capacities of chimeras created by injecting tetraploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs) expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) into diploid embryos. At 3.5 days post-coitum (dpc) and 4.5 dpc, the tetraploid ESCs were able to contribute to the inner cell mass (ICM) just as diploid ESCs tagged with GFP. At 6.5 dpc, 8.0 dpc and 10.5 dpc, the tetraploid ESCs manifested in the same location as the diploid ESCs. The GFP cells in the extraembryonic tissues and fetuses of tetraploid ESC chimeras were tetraploid as determined by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Furthermore, tetraploid ESCs contributed to the development of the placenta, embryolemma and umbilical cord at 13.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc; however, very less GFP cells were found in the fetuses of tetraploid ESC chimeras. We further found that the proliferation of tetraploid ESCs was slower than that of diploid ESCs. In addition, the relative mRNA expression in the three germ layers and the trophoblast was abnormal in the EBs of tetraploid ESCs compared with diploid ESCs. In short, slower proliferation and abnormal differentiation potential of tetraploid ESCs might be two of the reasons for their poor survival and chimeric capacities.
Optimization of a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knock-in Strategy at the Porcine Rosa26 Locus in Porcine Foetal Fibroblasts
Authors: Xie Zicong , Pang Daxin , Wang Kankan , Li Mengjing , Guo Nannan , Yuan Hongming , Li Jianing , Zou Xiaodong , Jiao Huping , Ouyang Hongsheng , Li Zhanjun , Tang Xiaochun
Published: June 2017

Genetically modified pigs have important roles in agriculture and biomedicine. However, genome-specific knock-in techniques in pigs are still in their infancy and optimal strategies have not been extensively investigated. In this study, we performed electroporation to introduce a targeting donor vector (a non-linearized vector that did not contain a promoter or selectable marker) into Porcine Foetal Fibroblasts (PFFs) along with a CRISPR/Cas9 vector. After optimization, the efficiency of the EGFP site-specific knock-in could reach up to 29.6% at the pRosa26 locus in PFFs. Next, we used the EGFP reporter PFFs to address two key conditions in the process of achieving transgenic pigs, the limiting dilution method and the strategy to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the knock-in locus. This study demonstrates that we establish an efficient procedures for the exogenous gene knock-in technique and creates a platform to efficiently generate promoter-less and selectable marker-free transgenic PFFs through the CRISPR/Cas9 system. This study should contribute to the generation of promoter-less and selectable marker-free transgenic pigs and it may provide insights into sophisticated site-specific genome engineering techniques for additional species.
Facile Synthesis ZnS/ZnO/Ni(OH)2 Composites Grown on Ni Foam: A Bifunctional Materials for Photocatalysts and Supercapacitors
Authors: Hao Jin , Wang Xiaobing , Liu Fanggang , Han Shuang , Lian Jianshe , Jiang Qing
Published: June 2017

A facile one-step hydrothermal reaction was employed to synthesis an integrated bifunctional composite composed by a network structure of ZnS/ZnO/Ni(OH)2 nanosheets with ZnS/ZnO nanospheres in situ growing on Ni foam. The synergistic effect of these three substances make the composite having both improved electrochemical performances and photocatalytic activity. The ZnS/ZnO/Ni(OH)2-4mmol shows a high specific capacitance of 1173.8 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, as well as good rate capability and relatively stable cyclability. Using as photocatalyst, the methyl orange dye in solution can be completely decomposed under ultraviolet-visible radiation in about 80 min. And the composite is easy to be repeatedly used because bulk Ni foam was used as a carrier. Such a bifunctional composite material provides a new insight for energy storage and utilization as well as the water pollution treatment.
Histones H3 and H4 require their relevant amino-tails for efficient nuclear import and replication-coupled chromatin assembly in vivo
Authors: Ejlassi Aïda , Menil-Philippot Vanessa , Galvani Angélique , Thiriet Christophe
Published: June 2017

Concomitant chromatin assembly and DNA duplication is essential for cell survival and genome integrity, and requires newly synthesized histones. Although the N-terminal domains of newly synthesized H3 and H4 present critical functions, their requirement for replication-coupled chromatin assembly is controversial. Using the unique capability of the spontaneous internalization of exogenous proteins in Physarum, we showed that H3 and H4 N-tails present critical functions in nuclear import during the S-phase, but are dispensable for assembly into nucleosomes. However, our data revealed that chromatin assembly in the S-phase of complexes presenting ectopic N-terminal domains occurs by a replication-independent mechanism. We found that replication-dependent chromatin assembly requires an H3/H4 complex with the relevant N-tail domains, suggesting a concomitant recognition of the two histone domains by histone chaperones.
Nanorobotic System iTRo for Controllable 1D Micro/nano Material Twisting Test
Authors: Lu Haojian , Shang Wanfeng , Wei Xueyong , Yang Zhan , Fukuda Toshio , Shen Yajing
Published: June 2017

In-situ micro/nano characterization is an indispensable methodology for material research. However, the precise in-situ SEM twisting of 1D material with large range is still challenge for current techniques, mainly due to the testing device’s large size and the misalignment between specimen and the rotation axis. Herein, we propose an in-situ twist test robot (iTRo) to address the above challenges and realize the precise in-situ SEM twisting test for the first time. Firstly, we developed the iTRo and designed a series of control strategies, including assembly error initialization, triple-image alignment (TIA) method for rotation axis alignment, deformation-based contact detection (DCD) method for sample assembly, and switch control for robots cooperation. After that, we chose three typical 1D material, i.e., magnetic microwire Fe74B13Si11C2, glass fiber, and human hair, for twisting test and characterized their properties. The results showed that our approach is able to align the sample to the twisting axis accurately, and it can provide large twisting range, heavy load and high controllability. This work fills the blank of current in-situ mechanical characterization methodologies, which is expected to give significant impact in the fundamental nanomaterial research and practical micro/nano characterization.
High-Throughput Analysis of in-vitro LFP Electrophysiological Signals: A validated workflow/software package
Authors: Tsakanikas P. , Sigalas C. , Rigas P. , Skaliora I.
Published: June 2017

Synchronized brain activity in the form of alternating epochs of massive persistent network activity and periods of generalized neural silence, has been extensively studied as a fundamental form of circuit dynamics, important for many cognitive functions including short-term memory, memory consolidation, or attentional modulation. A key element in such studies is the accurate determination of the timing and duration of those network events. The local field potential (LFP) is a particularly attractive method for recording network activity, because it allows for long and stable recordings from multiple sites, allowing researchers to estimate the functional connectivity of local networks. Here, we present a computational method for the automatic detection and quantification of in-vitro LFP events, aiming to overcome the limitations of current approaches (e.g. slow analysis speed, arbitrary threshold-based detection and lack of reproducibility across and within experiments). The developed method is based on the implementation of established signal processing and machine learning approaches, is fully automated and depends solely on the data. In addition, it is fast, highly efficient and reproducible. The performance of the software is compared against semi-manual analysis and validated by verification of prior biological knowledge.
Circulating 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) levels are associated with hyperglycemia and β cell dysfunction in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Shan , Chen Peihong , Jin Hua , Yi Jufen , Xie Xinmiao , Yang Meili , Gao Ting , Yang Lili , Hu Cheng , Zhang Xueli , Yu Xuemei
Published: June 2017

Several recent clinical studies have suggested that the levels of circulating 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) are significantly higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study recruited a total of 516 participants. The following patient populations were enrolled: 99 newly diagnosed cases with T2DM, 219 cases with prediabetes [82 with isolated impaired glucose tolerance (I − IGT), 66 with isolated impaired fasting glucose (I − IFG) and 71 with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose (IGT + IFG)], and 198 cases with normal glucose tolerance [NGT, including 99 first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients (FDRs) and 99 non-FDRs]. We investigated the circulating CMPF levels in subjects with different glucose metabolism statuses and examined the potential link between CMPF and β cell function. Our results indicate that the serum CMPF levels were elevated in the prediabetes, T2DM, and FDRs groups compared to the NGT group. Additionally, the serum CMPF concentrations were independently and negatively associated with the triglyceride levels and Stumvoll first-phase insulin secretion index. Cumulatively, our findings suggest that the circulating CMPF levels can predict glycolipid metabolism disorders. Furthermore, elevated serum CMPF concentrations may determine hyperglycemia and β cell dysfunction.
Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Iron Oxide/Polyethylene Nanocomposites Induced by a Magnetic Field
Authors: Chi Qingguo , Ma Tao , Dong Jiufeng , Cui Yang , Zhang Yue , Zhang Changhai , Xu Shichong , Wang Xuan , Lei Qingquan
Published: June 2017

Iron Oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of low density polyethylene (LDPE) particles by solvothermal method. A magnetic field was introduced to the preparation of Fe3O4/LDPE composites, and the influences of the magnetic field on thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of composites were investigated systematically. The Fe3O4/LDPE composites treated by a vertical direction magnetic field exhibited a high thermal conductivity and a large dielectric constant at low filler loading. The enhancement of thermal conductivity and dielectric constant is attributed to the formation of ﻿the conductive chains of Fe3O4 in LDPE matrix under the action of the magnetic field, which can effectively enhance the heat flux and interfacial polarization of the Fe3O4/LDPE composites. Moreover, the relatively low dielectric loss and low conductivity achieved are attributed to the low volume fraction of fillers and excellent compatibility between Fe3O4 and LDPE. Of particular note is the dielectric properties of Fe3O4/LDPE composites induced by the magnetic field also retain good stability across a wide temperature range, and this contributes to the stability and lifespan of polymer capacitors. All the above-mentioned properties along with the simplicity and scalability of the preparation for the polymer nanocomposites make them promising for the electronics industry.
The performance of the SEPT9 gene methylation assay and a comparison with other CRC screening tests: A meta-analysis
Authors: Song Lele , Jia Jia , Peng Xiumei , Xiao Wenhua , Li Yuemin
Published: June 2017

The SEPT9 gene methylation assay is the first FDA-approved blood assay for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Fecal immunochemical test (FIT), FIT-DNA test and CEA assay are also in vitro diagnostic (IVD) tests used in CRC screening. This meta-analysis aims to review the SEPT9 assay performance and compare it with other IVD CRC screening tests. By searching the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBMdisc and CJFD database, 25 out of 180 studies were identified to report the SEPT9 assay performance. 2613 CRC cases and 6030 controls were included, and sensitivity and specificity were used to evaluate its performance at various algorithms. 1/3 algorithm exhibited the best sensitivity while 2/3 and 1/1 algorithm exhibited the best balance between sensitivity and specificity. The performance of the blood SEPT9 assay is superior to that of the serum protein markers and the FIT test in symptomatic population, while appeared to be less potent than FIT and FIT-DNA tests in asymptomatic population. In conclusion, 1/3 algorithm is recommended for CRC screening, and 2/3 or 1/1 algorithms are suitable for early detection for diagnostic purpose. The SEPT9 assay exhibited better performance in symptomatic population than in asymptomatic population.
The miR-125a/HK2 axis regulates cancer cell energy metabolism reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jin Fangfang , Wang Yanbo , Zhu Yanan , Li Shan , Liu Ying , Chen Cheng , Wang Xiaohua , Zen Ke , Li Limin
Published: June 2017

The Warburg effect is a metabolic hallmark of cancer. Tumor cells rapidly adjust their energy source to glycolysis in order to efficiently proliferate in a hypoxic environment, but the mechanism underlying this switch remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that hypoxia potently induces the down-regulation of miR-125a expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and tumors. Furthermore, we demonstrate that miR-125a could decrease the production of lactate, the uptake of glucose, and the levels of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HCC cells. We investigated the molecular mechanism through which miR-125a inhibits HCC glycolysis and identified hexokinase II (HK2) as a direct target gene of miR-125a. Finally, we revealed that the miR-125a/HK2 axis is functionally important for regulating glycolysis of HCC cell and progression of cancer in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our findings demonstrate for the first time that hypoxia-down-regulated miR-125a regulated HCC glycolysis and carcinogenesis by targeting hexokinase HK2, a key glycolytic enzyme for the Warburg effect, and add a new dimension to hypoxia-mediated regulation of cancer metabolism.
An unexpected rearrangement of pyrazolium halides based on N–N bond cleavage: synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyrimidines
Authors: Chen Qian , Liu Xiaoshuang , Guo Fang , Chen Zhonglin
Published: June 2017

An unexpected rearrangement of pyrazolium halides was observed, presenting an efficient approach for the synthesis of 1,2-dihydroquinazolines under mild conditions.
Conformations of benzene-based tripodal isatin-bearing compounds in the crystalline state
Authors: Schulze Mathias M. , Schwarzer Anke , Mazik Monika
Published: June 2017

Studies of molecular conformations, examples of polymorphic forms, new solvates and analysis of supramolecular motifs giving interesting insights into molecular recognition phenomena are reported.
A promising single atom catalyst for CO oxidation: Ag on boron vacancies of h-BN sheets
Authors: Lu Zhansheng , Lv Peng , Yang Zongxian , Li Shuo , Ma Dongwei , Wu Ruqian
Published: June 2017

Due to “CO-Promoted O2 Activation”, the termolecular Eley–Rideal (TER) mechanism is the most relevant one for CO oxidation over the SAC, Ag1/BN.
The transient manifold structure of the p53 extreme C-terminal domain: insight into disorder, recognition, and binding promiscuity by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Fadda E. , Nixon M. G.
Published: June 2017

The extreme C-terminus of the p53 tumour suppressor (p53-CTD) is a 30 residue long intrinsically disordered region, responsible for regulating the p53 DNA binding activity. Extensive conformational sampling through MD simulations of a p53-CTD derived peptide in solution highlights its propensity to form short and stable secondary structure motifs, specifically localized within the sequence.
Laser photolysis studies of ω-bond dissociation in aromatic carbonyls with a C–C triple bond stimulated by triplet sensitization
Authors: Yamaji Minoru , Horimoto Ami , Marciniak Bronislaw
Published: June 2017

We have prepared three types of carbonyl compounds, benzoylethynylmethyl phenyl sulfide (2@SPh), (p-benzoyl)phenylethynylmethyl phenyl sulfide (3@SPh) andp-(benzoylethynyl)benzyl phenyl sulfide (4@SPh) with benzoyl and phenylthiylmethyl groups, which are interconnected with a C–C triple bond and a phenyl ring.
A novel borophene featuring heptagonal holes: a common precursor of borospherenes
Authors: Mu Yuewen , Chen Qiang , Chen Na , Lu Haigang , Li Si-Dian
Published: June 2017

We propose a novel stable borophene (referred to as H-borophene) with unique construction pattern, which is able to serve as the common precursor of borospherenes.
Titanium(iv)-based helicates incorporating the ortho-phenylenediamine ligand: a structural and a computational investigation
Authors: Baradel Nathalie , Mobian Pierre , Khalil Georges , Henry Marc
Published: June 2017

We report neutral Ti(iv)-based helical architectures formed with the ortho-phenylenediamine ligand and strands bearing 2,2-biphenolato units. Experimental observations are explained through a computational study.
Heteroaryl bismuthines: a novel synthetic concept and metal⋯π heteroarene interactions
Authors: Preda A. M. , Schneider W. B. , Rainer M. , Rüffer T. , Schaarschmidt D. , Lang H. , Mehring M.
Published: June 2017

We report a new synthetic route for heteroaryl bismuth compounds, formed from silanol-alcoholate/amide exchange resulting in the formation of bismuth carbon bonds. Their structures in the solid state reveal London dispersion type bismuth⋯π interactions that determine the supramolecular assemblies.
Synthesis of novel pentacyclic triterpene–Neu5Ac2en derivatives and investigation of their in vitro anti-influenza entry activity
Authors: Shi Yongying , Si Longlong , Han Xu , Fan Zibo , Wang Shouxin , Li Man , Sun Jiaqi , Zhang Yongmin , Zhou Demin , Xiao Sulong
Published: June 2017

The C-4 hydroxyl group of sialic acid is not important for its binding with hemagglutinin and could be replaced with hydrophobic moieties.
A trigonal prismatic anionic iron(iii) complex of a radical o-iminobenzosemiquinonate derivative: structural and spectral analyses
Authors: Saha Sandeepta , Roy Choudhury Chirantan , Gómez-García Carlos J. , Benmansour Samia , Garribba Eugenio , Frontera Antonio , Rizzoli Corrado , Mitra Samiran
Published: June 2017

The complex [FeIII(L2−˙)2]−is a rare example of a trigonal prismatic Fe(iii) complex with twoS= 1/2 radical isoquinone ligands showing strong antiferromagnetic coupling.
A multi-dielectric-layered triboelectric nanogenerator as energized by corona discharge
Authors: Shao Jia Jia , Tang Wei , Jiang Tao , Chen Xiang Yu , Xu Liang , Chen Bao Dong , Zhou Tao , Deng Chao Ran , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: June 2017

A multi-dielectric-layered vertical contact-separation mode TENG through a corona discharge approach results in outstanding output performances, i.e., a high surface charge density of 283 μC m−2 and excellent cycling stability (92.6% retention after 200 000 cycles).
Ferroelectricity in bis(ethylammonium) pentachlorobismuthate(iii): synthesis, structure, polar and spectroscopic properties
Authors: Piecha-Bisiorek Anna , Gągor Anna , Jakubas Ryszard , Ciżman Agnieszka , Janicki Rafał , Medycki Wojciech
Published: June 2017

A brief description of the thermal, structural and dielectric properties of bis(ethylammonium) pentachlorobismuthate(iii) ferroelectric withPsthat equals to 1.4 μC cm−2at 180 K is presented.
Mn3O4/reduced graphene oxide based supercapacitor with ultra-long cycling performance
Authors: Xiong Ting , Lee Wee Siang Vincent , Huang Xiaolei , Xue Jun Min
Published: June 2017

Mn3O4/graphene oxide composites with high volumetric energy density showed a 115% capacitance retention after 60 000 cycles.
Improving the brightness and photostability of NIR fluorescent silica nanoparticles through rational fine-tuning of the covalent encapsulation methods
Authors: Jiao Long , Song Fengling , Zhang Biyou , Ning Houfu , Cui Jingnan , Peng Xiaojun
Published: June 2017

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging technology calls for highly bright and photostable emissive materials for long-term and real-time bioimaging and medical diagnosis.
Remote in‐building motion detection using single frequency technique
Authors: Bonjour R. , Welschen S. , Leuchtmann P. , Wellig P. , Leuthold J.
Published: June 2017

A new method for simple and robust in‐building motion detection is introduced. The proposed technique relies on a single frequency continuous wave (CW) signal and can therefore be integrated with inexpensive commercial off‐the‐shelf (COTS) components.
Optimisation model for network progression coordinated control under the signal design mode of split phasing
Authors: Lu Kai , Hu Jianwei , Huang Jianghui , Tian Deliang , Zhang Chao
Published: June 2017

An optimisation model for network progression coordinated control under the signal design mode of split phasing in unsaturated traffic conditions was proposed in this study. Considering the characteristics of the cyclical variation relationship between the bidirectional progression coordinated control effect and intersection spacing, a cosine function of the time difference between the actual green centre point and the ideal green centre point was defined as the evaluation index. The constraints of the common signal cycle, phase time, and phase sequence were introduced in the model, and the phase time allocation was discussed in this study. The model enables the phase time and phase sequence of each intersection to be freely valued within the solution space, and realises the comprehensive optimisation of the phase time, as well as common signal cycle, phase sequence, and offset. The case study demonstrates that the scheme optimised by this model can provide significant progression coordinated control effects for all the through movements on each artery. This method is effective when applied to network progression coordinated control.
Evaluation of chamber effects on antenna efficiency measurements using non‐reference antenna methods in two reverberation chambers
Authors: Li Chong , Loh Tian‐Hong , Tian ZhiHao , Xu Qian , Huang Yi
Published: June 2017

In this study, the evaluation of chamber effects on antenna efficiency measurements using non‐reference antenna (NRA) methods is presented. Two reverberation chambers have been employed and they differ in dimensions and paddle stirrer configurations, therefore the corresponding electrical characteristics such as quality factors, decay constants, and enhanced backscatter coefficients are envisaged to be different. However, it is found that these differences have little influence on the efficiency measurement of antennas‐under‐test (AUTs). The AUTs used for this study were a directional antenna and an omnidirectional antenna. The discrepancy in the efficiency of the two antennas measured between the two chambers is <10% within their operational frequency bands. These results demonstrate that the NRA measurement techniques are robust. Further investigation shows that the directional antenna is slightly more prone to polarisation mismatch than the omnidirectional antenna is. Therefore, polarisation stirring should be implemented when using the NRA methods for antenna efficiency measurement especially for directional antennas.