bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Value of Companion Diagnostics: Overcoming Access Barriers to Transform Personalised Health Care into an Affordable Reality in Europe
Authors: Wurcel Victoria , Perche Olivier , Lesteven Daniel , Williams Doris-Ann , Schäfer Birgit , Hopley Colin , Jungwirth Rebecca , Postulka Anne , Pasmans Raf , Hermansson Lisse-Lotte , Ott Markus , Glorioso Valeria
Published: May 2016

Personalised health care is an evolution, moving away from a disease-focused model of care, translating scientific and technological advances into benefits for patients, and placing them at the centre of the patients' health and care. Companion diagnostics emerge as a very specific and special group of in vitro diagnostics among the different technologies shaping the personalised health care spectrum. Companion diagnostics provide highly valuable information, allowing patients, health practitioners and payers to decide with a higher level of certainty on the potential benefits of a treatment or care pathway. Decreasing uncertainty may result in a more efficient selection of treatments and care, targeted at subpopulations that are most likely to benefit. Companion diagnostics account for a minimal portion of the already small expenditure on in vitro diagnostics (far less than 1% of total health care expenditure), and yet they provide the means to limit inefficient use of health care resources while optimising patient outcomes. It is clear that equal access to personalised health care is still an issue across the EU. One of the most common perceived barriers is affordability. The investment in companion diagnostics can provide long-term value for patients and health care systems, shifting resources to areas of need. Health systems do not fully recognise yet the value that companion diagnostics bring to make personalised health care more affordable across the EU. This inhibits patient access to personalised treatments and care, preventing improved outcomes. In many countries, market access frameworks for diagnostic tests are fragmented and not aligned with specific funding and reimbursement mechanisms, discouraging the use of these tests. Emerging evidence shows that patients are missing out on the appropriate tests and treatments while a reduction in the inefficient use of health care resources is not realised. This article outlines some of these market access barriers for companion diagnostics in the EU, including reimbursement challenges specific to some member states (Germany, the UK, and France). Furthermore, proposals addressing barriers and increasing timely patient access to companion diagnostics in the EU are presented.
Accelerating the Development and Validation of New Value-Based Diagnostics by Leveraging Biobanks
Authors: Schneider Daniel , Riegman Peter H.J. , Cronin Maureen , Negrouk Anastassia , Moch Holger , Balling Rudi , Penault-Llorca Frederiques , Zatloukal Kurt , Horgan Denis
Published: May 2016

The challenges faced in developing value-based diagnostics has resulted in few of these tests reaching the clinic, leaving many treatment modalities without matching diagnostics to select patients for particular therapies. Many patients receive therapies from which they are unlikely to benefit, resulting in worse outcomes and wasted health care resources. The paucity of value-based diagnostics is a result of the scientific challenges in developing predictive markers, specifically: (1) complex biology, (2) a limited research infrastructure supporting diagnostic development, and (3) the lack of incentives for diagnostic developers to invest the necessary resources. Better access to biospecimens can address some of these challenges. Methodologies developed to evaluate biomarkers from biospecimens archived from patients enrolled in randomized clinical trials offer the greatest opportunity to develop and validate high-value molecular diagnostics. An alternative opportunity is to access high-quality biospecimens collected from large public and private longitudinal observational cohorts such as the UK Biobank, the US Million Veteran Program, the UK 100,000 Genomes Project, or the French E3N cohort. Value-based diagnostics can be developed to work in a range of samples including blood, serum, plasma, urine, and tumour tissue, and better access to these high-quality biospecimens with clinical data can facilitate biomarker research.
Predictors of Supratentorial Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage Volume and Their Effect on Short-Term Mortality in Asians
Authors: Han Myung Hoon , Kim Jae Min , Yi Hyeong-Joong , Cheong Jin Hwan , Ko Yong , Kim Choong Hyun , Kim Young-Soo
Published: May 2016

Background: The volume of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) measured at hospital admission is the strongest predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with ICH. Despite the high incidence rate of ICH in Asians, there is lack of data regarding predictors of ICH volume in this ethnic group. The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of deep ICH volume and examine their effect on short-term mortality in Asians. Methods: Hematoma volume was measured using the ABC/2 method. ICH volume was transformed to the natural log scale to normalize distributions for all analyses. We estimated the coefficients of ICH volume based on relevant predictors using multivariable linear regression. We also determined the association between body mass index (BMI) and ICH volume using a regression line and a line determined by a locally weighted scatter plot smoothing. Results: A total of 1,039 patients from 2 twin hospitals in Korea who were admitted with primary spontaneous supratentorial deep ICH over a 12-year period were enrolled in this study. The median ICH volume was 19.7 ml. The average patient age was 59.2, and 62.4% of patients were men. The mean ICH volume showed a gradual, approximately 2% decrease per 1 BMI increase in the current study, after adjusting for all relevant variables (β = -0.024; SE 0.004; p < 0.001). In addition, patients with frequent alcohol consumption showed a 10% increase in mean ICH volume (β = 0.098; SE 0.041; p = 0.016), and patients undergoing warfarin treatment showed a 30% increase in mean ICH volume after full adjustment of all relevant variables (β = 0.296; SE 0.050; p < 0.001). Relative to overweight patients, there was a 47, 11, and 18% increase in admission mean ICH volume in underweight, normal weight and obese patients, respectively. Patients in the first quartile and underweight BMI groups had 1.45-fold (hazard ratio (HR) 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03; p = 0.035) and 1.77-fold (HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.10-2.84; p = 0.019) higher increased risk of death during the first 3 months after ICH, retrospectively. In addition, patients in groups with frequent alcohol consumption and warfarin use both showed a significant association with mortality 90 days after ICH. Conclusions: We demonstrated the association between various predictors and admission ICH volume with short-term mortality in Asians. Further studies are needed to account for these observations and determine their underlying mechanisms.
TRANSAÇÕES DE INSIDERS E IMPACTO NA RENTABILIDADE E VALOR DAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Vasconcelos Rogéria De Freitas , Galdi Fernando Caio , Monte-Mor Danilo Soares
Published: May 2016

Este estudo investiga se existe relação entre o volume de transações de compra e venda de ações da companhia conduzidas por insiders e o valor de mercado e/ou rentabilidade das empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBovespa. A seleção da amostra utilizada neste estudo considera a coleta de dados não estruturados enviados pelas empresas à Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (pelo sistema IPE-CVM) e dados obtidos no sistema Economática® para o período entre o primeiro trimestre de 2007 e o último trimestre de 2011. Os resultados obtidos, embora indiquem que não há indícios de relação significativa do volume de transações realizados por insiders e a rentabilidade da empresa, sugerem que existe uma relação negativa entre as transações por insiders e a média trimestral do valor de mercado. Em outras palavras, maiores participações de insiders nos volumes trimestrais transacionados estão em média associados às reduções do valor de mercado das companhias brasileiras.
Integration Processes Compared: Cortical Differences for Consistency Evaluation and Passive Comprehension in Local and Global Coherence
Authors: Egidi Giovanna , Caramazza Alfonso
Published: May 2016

This research studies the neural systems underlying two integration processes that take place during natural discourse comprehension: consistency evaluation and passive comprehension. Evaluation was operationalized with a consistency judgment task and passive comprehension with a passive listening task. Using fMRI, the experiment examined the integration of incoming sentences with more recent, local context and with more distal, global context in these two tasks. The stimuli were stories in which we manipulated the consistency of the endings with the local context and the relevance of the global context for the integration of the endings. A whole-brain analysis revealed several differences between the two tasks. Two networks previously associated with semantic processing and attention orienting showed more activation during the judgment than the passive listening task. A network previously associated with episodic memory retrieval and construction of mental scenes showed greater activity when global context was relevant, but only during the judgment task. This suggests that evaluation, more than passive listening, triggers the reinstantiation of global context and the construction of a rich mental model for the story. Finally, a network previously linked to fluent updating of a knowledge base showed greater activity for locally consistent endings than inconsistent ones, but only during passive listening, suggesting a mode of comprehension that relies on a local scope approach to language processing. Taken together, these results show that consistency evaluation and passive comprehension weigh differently on distal and local information and are implemented, in part, by different brain networks.
Temporal Binding and Segmentation in Visual Search: A Computational Neuroscience Analysis
Authors: Mavritsaki Eirini , Humphreys Glyn
Published: May 2016

Human visual search operates not only over space but also over time, as old items remain in the visual field and new items appear. Preview search (where one set of distractors appears before the onset of a second set) has been used as a paradigm to study search over time and space [Watson, D. G., & Humphreys, G. W. Visual marking: Prioritizing selection for new objects by top–down attentional inhibition of old objects. Psychological Review, 104, 90–122, 1997], with participants showing efficient search when old distractors can be ignored and new targets prioritized. The benefits of preview search are lost, however, if a temporal gap is introduced between a first presentation of the old items and the re-presentation of all the items in the search display [Kunar, M. A., Humphreys, G. W., & Smith, K. J. History matters: The preview benefit in search is not onset capture. Psychological Science, 14, 181–185, 2003a], consistent with the old items being bound by temporal onset to the new stimuli. This effect of temporal binding can be eliminated if the old items reappear briefly before the new items, indicating also a role for the memory of the old items. Here we simulate these effects of temporal coding in search using the spiking search over time and space model [Mavritsaki, E., Heinke, D., Allen, H., Deco, G., & Humphreys, G. W. Bridging the gap between physiology and behavior: Evidence from the sSoTS model of human visual attention. Psychological Review, 118, 3–41, 2011]. We show that a form of temporal binding by new onsets has to be introduced to the model to simulate the effects of a temporal gap, but that effects of the memory of the old item can stem from continued neural suppression across a temporal gap. We also show that the model can capture the effects of brain lesion on preview search under the different temporal conditions. The study provides a proof-of-principle analysis that neural suppression and temporal binding can be sufficient to account for human search over time and space.
Neural Measures Reveal Implicit Learning during Language Processing
Authors: Batterink Laura J. , Cheng Larry Y. , Paller Ken A.
Published: May 2016

Language input is highly variable; phonological, lexical, and syntactic features vary systematically across different speakers, geographic regions, and social contexts. Previous evidence shows that language users are sensitive to these contextual changes and that they can rapidly adapt to local regularities. For example, listeners quickly adjust to accented speech, facilitating comprehension. It has been proposed that this type of adaptation is a form of implicit learning. This study examined a similar type of adaptation, syntactic adaptation, to address two issues: (1) whether language comprehenders are sensitive to a subtle probabilistic contingency between an extraneous feature (font color) and syntactic structure and (2) whether this sensitivity should be attributed to implicit learning. Participants read a large set of sentences, 40% of which were garden-path sentences containing temporary syntactic ambiguities. Critically, but unbeknownst to participants, font color probabilistically predicted the presence of a garden-path structure, with 75% of garden-path sentences (and 25% of normative sentences) appearing in a given font color. ERPs were recorded during sentence processing. Almost all participants indicated no conscious awareness of the relationship between font color and sentence structure. Nonetheless, after sufficient time to learn this relationship, ERPs time-locked to the point of syntactic ambiguity resolution in garden-path sentences differed significantly as a function of font color. End-of-sentence grammaticality judgments were also influenced by font color, suggesting that a match between font color and sentence structure increased processing fluency. Overall, these findings indicate that participants can implicitly detect subtle co-occurrences between physical features of sentences and abstract, syntactic properties, supporting the notion that implicit learning mechanisms are generally operative during online language processing.
Breeding patterns of three species of Armadillidium (Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Tunisia
Authors: Hamaied S. , Charfi-Cheikhrouha F.
Published: May 2016

The breeding patterns ofArmadillidiumsp. from Ichkeul,A. sulcatumfrom El Feija andA. tunisiensefrom El Jerissa were studied based on a rearing during 12 months under natural conditions in the laboratory. These populations exhibited a seasonal reproduction. With the exception ofA. tunisiense, virgin and isolated females ofA. sulcatumandArmadillidiumsp. realized a spontaneous vitellogenesis, followed by a parturial moult. The onset of the female’s reproduction ofArmadillidiumsp. andA. sulcatumwas accelerated by male presence. The presence of males also extended their reproductive duration. During the breeding season, mated females of the three populations ofArmadillidiumexhibited a variation in the succession of performed moults and were iteroparous. The mean weight of a population seemed to be the most important determining factor in controlling sexual differentiation and maturity, the gestation period, mean fertility, reproductive allocation, and parental investment.
Southeast Asian Regionalism, Norm Promotion and Capacity Building for Human Protection: An Overview
Authors: Morada Noel M.
Published: May 2016

This article provides an overview of how the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (asean) has responded to human protection issues such as human rights, mass atrocities prevention, and civilian protection in armed conflicts. It examines the evolution and dynamics of asean’s regionalism and the factors that shaped and transformed its norms. While asean has adopted the language of human security and human protection, traditional norms of sovereignty and non-interference remain sticky. The pluralist nature of asean also limits the organization from responding effectively to crisis situations within member states such as identity-based conflicts. However, there are also opportunities for continuing engagement on human protection issues with various stakeholders at the regional and domestic levels. Some asean member states are more open to mainstreaming the principle of Responsibility to Protect in the agenda of asean and recognize the importance of building the capacity of member states in preventing mass atrocities.
A Regional Responsibility to Protect? Towards ‘Enhancing Regional Action’ in Africa
Authors: Ifediora Obinna Franklin
Published: May 2016

Ten years after its endorsement by the un General Assembly, the operationalisation of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) concept faces challenges of consistency and capacity. Too often, global politics at the world’s premier intergovernmental body, the un, hampers effective action. Regional arrangements have a crucial role to play in this regard, however, questions of capacity to live up to this expectation remain. The Peace and Security Council (psc) of the African Union (au), mandated to implement the African Peace and Security Architecture (apsa) has primarily focused on developing the African Standby Force (asf), which the au succeeded in bringing to its ‘Full Operational Capability’ (foc) in December 2015 for implementation. Deploying the asf in deserving cases, for instance in Burundi in 2016, raises issues of sovereign consent, risks and costs. To avoid these complexities, this article argues that regional arrangements under Chapter viii are primarily pacific tools of the Security Council; focusing on harnessing these peaceful mechanisms of conflict prevention offers potential for consistent and effective ‘first responses’ to crises, with fewer complications. Regional arrangements as mediation tools present great opportunity for peaceful settlement of local disputes. Support for mediation is typically by peace operations. This article proposes that mediation support by a ‘preventive arbitration’ tool through ‘popular participation’ under the African Governance Architecture (aga) may have a pivotal role in this respect. Therefore, a regional responsibility to protect, through greater mediation, requires mediating challenges of governance in Africa.
Mindfully Sharing Capital in Modern China
Authors: Lu Shuang , Rios Juan , Huang Chien-Chung
Published: May 2016

Over the past decade, philanthropic giving in China has entered a new era. A series of natural disasters triggered an upsurge in public giving; the changing social environment transformed individuals’ pattern of giving behavior. By discussing the influence of three major traditional Chinese philosophies (i.e. Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism) on philanthropy, this paper argues that China’s philanthropy is not a reflex behavior after acute calamity, but an intrinsic intention within humanity. This paper also highlights that being aware of this intention of giving allows donors to not only simply share their resources, but also mindfully facilitate civic engagement. This mindful sharing process, therefore, builds a social culture that collectively empowers vulnerable populations, which is the purpose of philanthropic giving. The paper concludes that mindful sharing emphasizes the intention of giving, fosters a sustainable culture of giving, and achieves an ideal state of collective empowerment.
Substantive Legitimacy: Action Strategy of Grassroots Organizations
Authors: Sun Yuting
Published: May 2016

Over recent years, grassroots organizations develop rapidly in China and have aroused attention of the academia. Given the lack of their legal legitimacy, how the grassroots organizations endeavor to survive and develop by leveraging relevant activity strategies is a subject worth in-depth research. This article, through a case study of a bird protection union in D City, finds that the grassroots organizations pursue substantive legitimacy via strategies targeting two aspects, namely, the entity that endows the legitimacy and the value judgment. Such strategies that arise from the interaction between the grassroots organizations and the government as well as society hold a non-negligible significance for social governance in China.
Effect of Post-Disaster School Social Work and Its Causal Analysis
Authors: Wang Meng , Chu Shijing , Deng Guosheng
Published: May 2016

This research, based on a case study of Foundation A’s Ya’an post-quake relief project, combines static group-to-group comparative experiments and discussions of focus groups to discuss and analyze the effect of post-disaster school social work and its cause in the four dimensions of psychological status, health status, learning status and behavior. Comparatively speaking, the post-disaster school social work has had the most notable positive influence upon the psychological status of the students in the disaster-stricken areas and some influence on their learning and behavior. The effect of the post-disaster school social work is related to the mode, professional level, value orientation and interaction status of the intervention. In the post-disaster relief, it is necessary to carry out school social work, to improve the recruitment system for social work, provide better services, build a multi-party participation mechanism and ensure an unimpeded feedback channel, so as to improve the relief effect.
Remembering the Ruins of the Urakami Cathedral
Authors: McClelland Gwyn
Published: May 2016

When Urakami Cathedral was rebuilt in 1959, many citizens experienced the loss of the ruins as a silencing of Nagasaki’s experience. This paper explores Catholic survivors’ attitudes towards the Cathedral and loss of an important atomic relic, and shows that while they regret the ruins’ disappearance, they also recognise the rebuilt Cathedral as a symbol of survival. In addition, by examining individual and collective narrative and photographic images, it is demonstrated that Urakami Christian (kirishitan キリシタン) narratives on the Cathedral bond the trauma of the bomb to older memories of persecution, which in turn intensifies the justification for rebuilding the church. By placing such communal memory in the context of theologian Johann Baptist Metz’s conception of the ‘dangerous memory’ of suffering, the author evaluates narratives such as Nagai Takashi’s providence (go-setsuri ご摂理) and interpretation of the bombing as the Urakami ‘Fifth Persecution’ (go-ban kuzure 五番崩れ).
A new species of Apterichtus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from the Marquesas Islands
Authors: HIBINO YUSUKE , McCOSKER JOHN E. , KIMURA SEISHI
Published: May 2016

A new finless ophichthid eel, Apterichtus succinus sp. nov., is described based on a single specimen collected from the Marquesas Islands. The new species closely resembles A. klazingai Weber, 1913 in the shape and coloration of its head and its total vertebral count. The former differs from the latter in having more preopercular pores (4 vs. 3), fewer preanal vertebrae (54 vs. 56–63), a single tooth on the prevomer (generally absent), a shorter head (14.8 in TL vs. 12–14 in TL), and larger spots on its head and nape. Three species of Apterichtus (A. succinus, A. klazingai, and Apterichtus mysi McCosker & Hibino, 2015) are recognized from the Marquesas Islands.
Seven new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 from Thailand (Clitellata: Megascolecidae)
Authors: BANTAOWONG UEANGFA , CHANABUN RATMANEE , JAMES SAMUEL W. , PANHA SOMSAK
Published: May 2016

Earthworm specimens collected from various parts of Thailand were found to contain seven new species of the genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972. These are M. songkhlaensis sp. n. in the octothecal pulauensis species group,                        M. trangensis sp. n. in the octothecal ignobilis species group, M. khaoluangensis sp. n. and M. khaochamao sp. n. in the sexthecal houlleti species group, M. doiphamon sp. n. in the sexthecal peguana species group, M. saxicalcis sp. n. in the quadrithecal planata species group, and the bithecal M. surinensis sp. n. Type material of some established species from Thailand or northern Malaysia was reinvestigated and illustrated to confirm the status of the new species and to facilitate species comparisons: M. pulauensis (Beddard, 1900), M. baruana (Stephenson, 1932), both with newly designated         lectotypes, and M. planata (Gates, 1936), illustrated and redescribed.
Autoregressive Modeling for Tropical Cyclone Intensity Climatology
Authors: Lee Chia-Ying , Tippett Michael K. , Sobel Adam H. , Camargo Suzana J.
Published: May 2016

An autoregressive model is developed to simulate the climatological distribution of global tropical cyclone (TC) intensity. The model consists of two components: a regression-based deterministic component that advances the TC intensity in time and depends on the storm state and surrounding large-scale environment and a stochastic forcing. Potential intensity, deep-layer mean vertical shear, and midlevel relative humidity are the environmental variables included in the deterministic component. Given a storm track and its environment, the model is initialized and then iterated along the track. Model performance is evaluated by its ability to represent the observed global and basin distributions of TC intensity as well as lifetime maximum intensity (LMI). The deterministic model alone captures the spatial features of the climatological TC intensity distribution but with intensities that remain below 100 kt (1 kt ≈ 0.51 m s−1). Addition of white (uncorrelated in time) stochastic forcing reduces this bias by improving the simulated intensification rates and the frequency of major storms. The model simulates a realistic range of intensities, but the frequency of major storms remains too low in some basins.
Institutionalising Women, Peace and Security in the Pacific Islands: Gendering the ‘architecture of entitlements’?
Authors: George Nicole
Published: May 2016

Efforts to adopt provisions of the United Nations Women, Peace and Security agenda in local policy contexts are often hailed enthusiastically by gender advocates as a transformative development. But closer scrutiny of these localisation efforts may reveal something different. This article draws on theories of feminist institutionalism to examine the formal and informal institutional interplays which have shaped the Regional Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security that was formalised by the Pacific Islands Forum in 2012. My analysis shows that although the Regional Action Plan is a significant development in rhetorical terms for the Pacific region, and may lay the foundation for future policy progress on gender and security, its focus is also constrained. This becomes particularly evident when the Regional Action Plan’s emphasis on women’s peacebuilding is compared with the plan’s relative silence on the growing regional challenge of gender and environmental insecurity. To explain these developments I show how the plan sits in interesting, and unresolved, tension with existing institutional norms and practices which gender the ‘architecture of entitlements’ governing how Pacific Island women can legitimately enter debate on regional security.
Care Challenges in the Bathroom: The Views of Professional Care Providers Working in Clients’ Homes
Authors: King Emily C. , Holliday Pamela J. , Andrews Gavin J.
Published: May 2016

In home care, bathroom activities—particularly bathing and toileting—present a unique set of challenges. In this focus group study, professional home care providers identified factors that increase the danger and difficulty of assisting their clients with bathing and toileting. These included small restrictive spaces, a poor fit between available equipment and the environment, a reliance on manual handling techniques (but insufficient space to use optimal body mechanics), attempts to maintain normalcy, and caring for unsteady and unpredictable clients. Specific elements of each activity that care providers found difficult included multitasking to support client stability while performing care below the waist (dressing/undressing, providing perineal care) and helping clients to lift their legs in and out of a bathtub. Participants did not feel that available assistive devices provided enough assistance to reduce the danger and difficulty of these activities.
Expectant Mother’s Preferences for Services in Public Hospitals of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Rajasulochana S. , Nyarko Eric , Dash Umakant , Muraleedharan V.R.
Published: May 2016

Substantial programmatic efforts have been undertaken to improve the access to maternal care services in the public health system of India, yet the service users are often regarded as passive recipients. Limited research is available on the preferences of service users on what they regard the greatest issues in service delivery. A hospital-based discrete choice experiment (DCE) has been conducted in the public health facilities of Tamil Nadu, a southern state of India. This study uses a sample of 261 women who came for antenatal check-ups across six different public hospitals in Tamil Nadu. The DCE technique, which is rooted in random utility theory (RUT), and conditional logit model have been used to analyze the relative importance of health service attributes. The result showed that regular ward visits by specialist doctors like obstetricians and gynaecologists (O&G) and paediatricians were the most preferred attribute of the maternal care service. Expectant mothers are willing to wait the maximum and are prepared to tolerate health service characteristics in public hospitals, such as poor patient amenities, poor staff attitude and lack of privacy maintained during physical examination, provided specialist doctors are available in the hospitals.
The Transformative Potential of Role-Playing Games—: From Play Skills to Human Skills
Authors: Daniau Stéphane
Published: May 2016

Background. Several authors from different fields have already mentioned the educational potential of role-playing games (RPG). As tabletop role-playing games (TRPG) present some similarities with small adult groups in learning and personal development situations, what about their transformative potential?

Aim. The purpose of this article is to describe the tabletop role-playing game’s emerging context, a few of its specificities and functions, to show links with several education, play and game, and personal development theories, and to raise awareness about its transformative potential.

Methods. Three complementary approaches were used: a literature review (academics and role-players), action-researches through a transformative role-playing game (“TF-RPG” – a TRPG plus a debriefing), and data cross-analysis.

Results. Participants are involved in the TF-RPG through four levels of reality, namely the character, player, person, and human being, which can be associated with four dimensions of learning: knowing, doing, being, and relating. The unveiling of links between the TF-RPG experience and their personal journey offers the participants various ways of learning and paths towards personal development.

Conclusion. TRPGs are particularly effective to foster knowledge acquisition, develop role-play skills, strengthen team building, encourage collaborative creativity, and explore one’s personal development.
Cultivating Transcultural Understanding through Migration-related Videogames
Authors: Chin Esther , Golding Dan
Published: May 2016

This article provides a comprehensive, worldwide overview of the major video games that have addressed the phenomenon of migration, and the political, social and cultural issues that migration raises. We develop the concept of ‘transcultural understanding’ to explore how such migration-related video games can structure the development of players’ understanding of, and capacity to respond to, the contexts of cultural diversity. Our deeper, comparative analysis of three migration-related video games— Escape from Woomera (EFW Team, 2003), Papers, Please (Lukas Pope, 2013) and Everyday Racism (All Together Now, 2014)—enables us to evaluate the contextual knowledge required and the issues raised for each migration-related video game to achieve its goals. This article advances the research areas of ‘media, migration and global communication’ and ‘games studies’, and offers insights for scholars, educators and game developers who are interested in addressing the internationally significant issue of migration through their professional work.
An investigation of destructive leadership in a Division I intercollegiate athletic department: Follower perceptions and reactions
Authors: Powers Shannon , Judge Lawrence W , Makela Carole
Published: May 2016

Recent events in intercollegiate athletic department organizational cultures demonstrate the need to examine the experiences of personnel who serve in a toxic leadership culture. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify how three head coaches, one associate athletic director, and a facilities manager perceived and reacted to 6 years of destructive leadership. Each participant was interviewed for 60–90 min. Consistent with Padilla, Hogan, and Kaiser’s (2008) toxic triangle theory, findings suggest that perceptions and reactions to the evaluated athletic department were seemingly negative. The leadership and actions of two head coaches, the athletic director, and the university president were perceived as destructive to the department and the institution. The culprits of the destructive consequences were the university’s lack of internal and external checks and balances, a president who centralized control, and an absence of effective athletic department leadership. Follower repercussions identified were avoidance of the athletic director, keeping opinions to oneself, and adherence; followers employed their strategies to avert conflict or job termination.
The SCOPE of Hospital Falls
Authors: Taylor Ellen , Hignett Sue
Published: May 2016

Purpose:

This systematic mixed studies review on hospital falls is aimed to facilitate proactive decision-making for patient safety during the healthcare facility design.

Background:

Falls were identified by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services as a nonreimbursed hospital-acquired condition (HAC) due to volume and cost, and additional financial penalties were introduced with the 2014 U.S. HAC reduction program. In 2015, the Joint Commission alert identified patient falls as one of the top reported sentinel events, and the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) added slips, trips, and falls as a focus for investigators’ healthcare inspections. Variations in fall rates at both the hospital and the unit level are indicative of an ongoing challenge. The built environment can act as a barrier or enhancement to achieving the desired results in safety complexity that includes the organization, people, and environment.

Methods:

The systematic literature review used Medical Subject Heading terms and key word alternates for hospital falls with searches in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The search was limited to English-language papers.

Results:

Following full-text review, 27 papers were included and critically appraised using an evaluation matrix that included a mixed methods appraisal tool. Themes were coded by broad categories of factors for organization (policy/operations), people (caregivers/staff, patients), and the environment (healthcare facility design). Subcategories were developed to define the physical environment and consider the potential interventions in the context of relative stability.

Conclusions:

Conditions of hospital falls were identified and evaluated through the literature review. A theoretical model was developed to propose a human factors framework while considering the permanence of solutions.
Ambiguous presentations of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Two case reports of a rare pulmonary malignancy
Authors: Soo Chun Ian , Ng Boon Hau , Tan Eng Liang , Abdul Hamid Faisal
Published: May 2016

Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is an uncommon lung malignancy of endothelial origin. Besides demonstrating unpredictable presentation features and prognosis, the paucity of established treatment guidelines remains a challenge in managing these patients. We present two patients. The first patient presented with chronic productive cough over 1-year duration. He was initially diagnosed and showed partial response to treatment for cardiac failure. A persistent right upper zone consolidation on chest radiograph prompted further investigations which revealed the diagnosis of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. The second patient presented with right-sided hemiparesis for 1-month duration. Initial computer tomography scan of the brain showed findings of distant metastatic foci. Subsequent investigations revealed pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma as the primary lesion. Both patients succumbed without any treatment due to rapid progression of the disease. We believe that pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is undoubtedly rarely reported in south-east Asia region. In these two case reports, the patients were diagnosed in west and east Malaysia, respectively, in the same year (2015). Both cases highlight the increasing prevalence of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. We postulate that this could possibly be secondary to the advancement in diagnostic capabilities and improved healthcare facilities available in this region. Late presentation of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma generally results in grave prognosis. Further investigations are required to elucidate the nature of progression and therapeutic options for patients with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.
President's Page
Authors: Sprunt Eve
Published: May 2016

SEG prides itself in being a member-driven Society. However, as of the end of 2015, only 29% of all members and 37% of paid members were eligible to vote. Growing up in Brooklyn, I was taught in elementary school that there should be no taxation without representation.
Fluid and rock bulk viscosity and modulus
Authors: Hasanov Azar K. , Batzle Michael L. , Prasad Manika
Published: May 2016

Bulk viscosity is rarely measured in the laboratory and is often poorly defined in the literature. We show that bulk viscosity can be a dominant factor in acoustic dispersion and attenuation of rocks containing a highly viscous fluid. A common method to measure attenuation and dispersion of seismic waves in the laboratory is the stress-strain method. We present bulk modulus attenuation and dispersion data collected on two heavy-oil-saturated rock samples by oscillating confining pressure method. Data was acquired at 0.001–1 Hz frequencies and compared to previous quasistatic axial stress-strain measurements. We demonstrate that bulk losses are significant even at these ultralow frequencies.
Modeling dynamic elastic properties of compacting chalk reservoirs using an integrated rock-physics workflow: A case study in the Ekofisk Field, Norway
Authors: Das Agnibha , Roy Baishali , Folstad Per Gunnar , Lyngnes Bjarne , Smith Brackin , Grandi Andrea
Published: May 2016

An integrated rock-physics modeling workflow is discussed that aims at predicting the effective elastic moduli and density of a producing reservoir in response to pressure, porosity, and fluid-saturation changes, and that is suitable for application to compacting chalk reservoirs. A simple extended form of Nur's modified Voigt model is used to build the dry-rock elastic modulus and porosity relationship. Granular medium contact theory is used to model pressure change, and Gassmann's equation is used to model the fluid effect. A dynamic-compaction model from reservoir simulation is used to model porosity change due to compaction. The rock-physics model is calibrated at well locations from the Ekofisk Field in the North Sea; however, the absence of time-lapse logging makes the 4D calibration challenging. Effective fluid properties are calculated dynamically with the Fluid Acoustics for Geophysics (FLAG) software program, using inputs from the reservoir simulator and PVT measurements. For low water saturation (< 20%) and high-porosity (> 30%) rocks, the model predictions show very good correlation with measured data. The model underpredicts the sonic velocities for rocks with low porosity and high water saturation.
Finely sampled 3D angle gathers from sparse OBN data
Authors: Schneider W. A. , Docherty P. C.
Published: May 2016

Large-scale deepwater ocean-bottom node (OBN) surveys typically use a node spacing of about 400 m. We make 3D angle gathers from OBN data by mapping image traces to the reflection azimuth and reflection angle domain. Large node spacing may coarsely sample the seismic data in these angles. This may result in degraded and noisy angle gathers unless we properly account for the sampling during processing. We describe a method for making high-quality 3D angle gathers on finely sampled angle grids. We do this by properly band limiting the mapping operator with sinc functions defined in the angle domain. This method allows us to oversample the 3D angle gathers accurately in the angle domain and obtain high-quality results. We demonstrate our method with deepwater Gulf of Mexico node data and show that we can produce high-quality gathers even with 800 m node spacing. The angle gathers derived from these wider node data preserve residual moveout and therefore are suitable for model building. Our results add confidence that data acquired with nodes spaced farther apart than 400 m can be processed and imaged successfully.
Our Society can advance understanding and mitigation of injection-induced seismicity
Authors: Wilson Stephen A.
Published: May 2016

If you have read recent headlines or viewed the recent 60 Minutes report, “Earthquake Alley,” which aired 8 May 2016 on CBS, you are aware of the general public's growing concern over human-induced earthquakes, which often are mistakenly associated with hydraulic fracturing but which often are more correctly attributed to wastewater disposal activities associated with oil-and-gas production.
Wrestling Ideology
Authors: Doyle Jennifer
Published: May 2016

“Wrestling Ideology” absorbs the insight of recent scholarship in martial arts studies in order to analyze feminist performance art grounded in combat sports. Anchored by an analysis of Jennifer Locke's performance video Match, this essay explores how, where the “street fight” operates as the “real” for martial arts disciplines, sexual violence is positioned in martial arts discourse, and in sports more generally, as the “real” for which women athletes train. Nevertheless, physical competition between men and women is prohibited by nearly every sport. Locke's work manifests how the enforcement of that segregation lies at the heart of rape discourse.
Disturbed Waters
Authors: Thompson Glen
Published: May 2016

Studies on swimming and surfing history are reviewed. They open up new perspectives on the relationship between politics, culture, and gender. These water sports can be seen historically as political and determined by local, national, and global conditions. Each study historicizes the politics of aquatic pleasure. Fighting the Current foregrounds American women's swimming challenge to the social order. Waves of Resistance looks to the contested nature of the surf zone in reclaiming Hawaiian surfing “traditions” and masculinities marginalized by Western cultural appropriation. Empire in Waves documents the Americanization of surfing, how it expanded globally as a politically ambiguous cultural practice, and carried with it the seeds of US imperialism.
Across the Pitch
Authors: Widener Daniel
Published: May 2016

This essay assesses three recent writings on soccer and society in Europe. Examining developments in England, Spain, and across the breadth of Europe, it tracks the formation of the English Premier League, discusses the politics within the Real Madrid–Barcelona rivalry, and explores the possibility of soccer as a site of anticapitalist resistance. Issues surrounding race, capitalism, gender, democratic participation, and globalization are discussed as well. The texts reviewed are David Goldblatt's The Game of Our Lives: The English Premier League and the Making of Modern Britain, Gabriel Kuhn's Soccer vs. the State: Tackling Football and Radical Politics, and Sid Lowe's Fear and Loathing in La Liga: Barcelona, Real Madrid, and the World's Greatest Sports Rivalry.
Chromatin remodeling enzyme Snf2h regulates embryonic lens differentiation and denucleation
Authors: He Shuying , Limi Saima , McGreal Rebecca S. , Xie Qing , Brennan Lisa A. , Kantorow Wanda Lee , Kokavec Juraj , Majumdar Romit , Hou Harry , Edelmann Winfried , Liu Wei , Ashery-Padan Ruth , Zavadil Jiri , Kantorow Marc , Skoultchi Arthur I. , Stopka Tomas , Cvekl Ales
Published: May 2016

Ocular lens morphogenesis is a model for investigating mechanisms of cellular differentiation, spatial and temporal gene expression control, and chromatin regulation. Brg1 (Smarca4) and Snf2h (Smarca5) are catalytic subunits of distinct ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes implicated in transcriptional regulation. Previous studies have shown that Brg1 regulates both lens fiber cell differentiation and organized degradation of their nuclei (denucleation). Here, we employed a conditional Snf2hflox mouse model to probe the cellular and molecular mechanisms of lens formation. Depletion of Snf2h induces premature and expanded differentiation of lens precursor cells forming the lens vesicle, implicating Snf2h as a key regulator of lens vesicle polarity through spatial control of Prox1, Jag1, p27Kip1 (Cdkn1b) and p57Kip2 (Cdkn1c) gene expression. The abnormal Snf2h−/− fiber cells also retain their nuclei. RNA profiling of Snf2h−/− and Brg1−/− eyes revealed differences in multiple transcripts, including prominent downregulation of those encoding Hsf4 and DNase IIβ, which are implicated in the denucleation process. In summary, our data suggest that Snf2h is essential for the establishment of lens vesicle polarity, partitioning of prospective lens epithelial and fiber cell compartments, lens fiber cell differentiation, and lens fiber cell nuclear degradation.
Revisiting the Stereochemistry of Propylene Isotactic Polymerization Reaction Mechanism on C2 Symmetric [SiH2(Ind)2ZrCH3]+ and [SiH2(Ind)2ZrCH3]+[CH3B(C6F5)3]−
Authors: Sandhya Karakkadparambil Sankaran , Koga Nobuaki , Nagaoka Masataka
Published: May 2016

The [SiH2(Ind)2ZrCH3]+ (Ind = indenyl) catalyzed stereoregularity of propylene polymerization mechanism has been investigated at M06 level of theory. Four different approaches of propylene to the reactive catalyst lead to four isomeric products due to the C2 symmetry of bridged Ind ligand of the catalyst. Consequently, various possibilities of propylene attack as well as orientation of polymer chain yield numerous stereoisomers. The calculations of the first and second insertions with various conformers clarified the most favorable reaction pathway and showed that isotactic propagation is more favorable (3.5 kcal mol−1) than syndiotactic propagation. The structures of resting state catalysts displayed various agostic interactions of the CH bond with the Zr center which stabilize the catalytic systems and play important roles in determining the favorable reaction pathway. The influence of counter anion [CH3B(C6F5)3]− on the reactivity of the catalyst was also studied. The results also confirm that the trans orientation of the counter anion with respect to propylene is more favorable than its cis orientation and clarify the most favorable reaction pathway in the first and second insertion. Because agostic interactions are involved in various aspects, AIM analysis has been used to find the bonding nature of agostic interactions as well as ion-pair bonds. The overall results suggest that rigidity of ansa-zirconocene, unique structure of C2 symmetric ansa ligand, influence of [CH3B(C6F5)3]− and β agostic interaction may restrict the attack of propylene only to isotactic polymerization and not to syndiotactic polymerization.