bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High precision hyperfine measurements in Bismuth challenge bound-state strong-field QED
Authors: Ullmann Johannes , Andelkovic Zoran , Brandau Carsten , Dax Andreas , Geithner Wolfgang , Geppert Christopher , Gorges Christian , Hammen Michael , Hannen Volker , Kaufmann Simon , König Kristian , Litvinov Yuri A. , Lochmann Matthias , Maaß Bernhard , Meisner Johann , Murböck Tobias , Sánchez Rodolfo , Schmidt Matthias , Schmidt Stefan , Steck Markus , Stöhlker Thomas , Thompson Richard C. , Trageser Christian , Vollbrecht Jonas , Weinheimer Christian , Nörtershäuser Wilfried
Published: May 2017

Electrons bound in highly charged heavy ions such as hydrogen-like bismuth 209Bi82+ experience electromagnetic fields that are a million times stronger than in light atoms. Measuring the wavelength of light emitted and absorbed by these ions is therefore a sensitive testing ground for quantum electrodynamical (QED) effects and especially the electron–nucleus interaction under such extreme conditions. However, insufficient knowledge of the nuclear structure has prevented a rigorous test of strong-field QED. Here we present a measurement of the so-called specific difference between the hyperfine splittings in hydrogen-like and lithium-like bismuth 209Bi82+,80+ with a precision that is improved by more than an order of magnitude. Even though this quantity is believed to be largely insensitive to nuclear structure and therefore the most decisive test of QED in the strong magnetic field regime, we find a 7-σ discrepancy compared with the theoretical prediction.
Ocean acidification compromises a planktic calcifier with implications for global carbon cycling
Authors: Davis Catherine V. , Rivest Emily B. , Hill Tessa M. , Gaylord Brian , Russell Ann D. , Sanford Eric
Published: May 2017

Anthropogenically-forced changes in ocean chemistry at both the global and regional scale have the potential to negatively impact calcifying plankton, which play a key role in ecosystem functioning and marine carbon cycling. We cultured a globally important calcifying marine plankter (the foraminifer, Globigerina bulloides) under an ecologically relevant range of seawater pH (7.5 to 8.3 total scale). Multiple metrics of calcification and physiological performance varied with pH. At pH > 8.0, increased calcification occurred without a concomitant rise in respiration rates. However, as pH declined from 8.0 to 7.5, calcification and oxygen consumption both decreased, suggesting a reduced ability to precipitate shell material accompanied by metabolic depression. Repair of spines, important for both buoyancy and feeding, was also reduced at pH < 7.7. The dependence of calcification, respiration, and spine repair on seawater pH suggests that foraminifera will likely be challenged by future ocean conditions. Furthermore, the nature of these effects has the potential to actuate changes in vertical transport of organic and inorganic carbon, perturbing feedbacks to regional and global marine carbon cycling. The biological impacts of seawater pH have additional, important implications for the use of foraminifera as paleoceanographic indicators.
Regulation of GVBD in mouse oocytes by miR-125a-3p and Fyn kinase through modulation of actin filaments
Authors: Grossman Hadas , Har-Paz Efrat , Gindi Natalie , Levi Mattan , Miller Irit , Nevo Nava , Galiani Dalia , Dekel Nava , Shalgi Ruth
Published: May 2017

Meiotically arrested oocytes are characterized by the presence of the nuclear structure known as germinal-vesicle (GV), the breakdown of which (GVBD) is associated with resumption of meiosis. Fyn is a pivotal factor in resumption of the first meiotic division; its inhibition markedly decreases the fraction of oocytes undergoing GVBD. Here, we reveal that in mouse oocytes Fyn is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-125a-3p. We demonstrate that in oocytes resuming meiosis miR-125a-3p and Fyn exhibit a reciprocal expression pattern; miR-125a-3p decreases alongside with an increase in Fyn expression. Microinjection of miR-125a-3p inhibits GVBD, an effect that is markedly reduced by Fyn over-expression, and impairs the organization of the actin rim surrounding the nucleus. Lower rate of GVBD is also observed in oocytes exposed to cytochalasin-D or blebbistatin, which interfere with actin polymerization and contractility of actin bundles, respectively. By down-regulating Fyn in HEK-293T cells, miR-125a-3p reduces the interaction between actin and A-type lamins, which constitute the nuclear-lamina. Our findings suggest a mechanism, by which a decrease in miR-125a-3p during oocyte maturation facilitates GVBD by allowing Fyn up-regulation and the resulting stabilization of the interaction between actin and A-type lamins.
Development of a novel chronic kidney disease mouse model to evaluate the progression of hyperphosphatemia and associated mineral bone disease
Authors: Tani Takashi , Orimo Hideo , Shimizu Akira , Tsuruoka Shuichi
Published: May 2017

Medial arterial calcification (MAC) and renal osteodystrophy are complications of mineral bone disease (MBD) associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our aim was to develop a novel mouse model to investigate the clinical course of CKD-MBD. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 J male mice were assigned to the following groups: the control group, fed a standard chow for 6 or 12 weeks; the CKD-normal phosphorus (NP) group, fed a chow containing 0.2% adenine, with normal (0.8%) phosphorus, for 6 or 12 weeks; and the CKD-high phosphorus (HP) group, fed 6 weeks with the 0.2% adenine/0.8% phosphorus diet, followed by a chow with 1.8% phosphorus for 2 weeks, 4 weeks or 6 weeks. Serum phosphorus was significantly increased in the CKD-HP group, and associated with MAC formation; the volume of calcification increased with longer exposure to the high phosphorus feed. MAC was associated with upregulated expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase, and osteopontin, indicative of osteoblastic trans-differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. A significant mineral density depletion of cortical bone was observed. We describe the feasibility of developing a model of CKD-MBD and provide findings of a direct association between elevated serum phosphorus and the formation of MAC and renal osteodystrophy.
The correlation theory of the chemical bond
Authors: Szalay Szilárd , Barcza Gergely , Szilvási Tibor , Veis Libor , Legeza Örs
Published: May 2017

The quantum mechanical description of the chemical bond is generally given in terms of delocalized bonding orbitals, or, alternatively, in terms of correlations of occupations of localised orbitals. However, in the latter case, multiorbital correlations were treated only in terms of two-orbital correlations, although the structure of multiorbital correlations is far richer; and, in the case of bonds established by more than two electrons, multiorbital correlations represent a more natural point of view. Here, for the first time, we introduce the true multiorbital correlation theory, consisting of a framework for handling the structure of multiorbital correlations, a toolbox of true multiorbital correlation measures, and the formulation of the multiorbital correlation clustering, together with an algorithm for obtaining that. These make it possible to characterise quantitatively, how well a bonding picture describes the chemical system. As proof of concept, we apply the theory for the investigation of the bond structures of several molecules. We show that the non-existence of well-defined multiorbital correlation clustering provides a reason for debated bonding picture.
Facile synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles grown on halloysite nanotubes for enhanced photocatalytic properties
Authors: Peng Hongxia , Liu Xiaohe , Tang Wei , Ma Renzhi
Published: May 2017

We demonstrated herein that ZnO nanoparticle with sizes in the range of 3–5 nm grown on the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) could be facile prepared in large quantities through the seed-mediated growth process using ZnAc2·2H2O as the zinc source. Compared with the individually dispersed ZnO nanoparticles, the as-prepared HNTs@ZnO nanocomposites showed a smaller band gap energy and relatively strong light absorption. Therefore, HNTs@ZnO nanocomposites possessed higher photocatalytic activity than individually dispersed ZnO nanoparticles, exhibiting the HNTs@ZnO nanocomposites could be used as highly efficient photocatalysts. The HNTs@ZnO nanocomposites endowed HNTs special performance and improve the catalytic activity of ZnO, which originated from narrow band gap and chemical passivation induced by a negative fixed charge in the HNTs support.
Perivascular AQP4 dysregulation in the hippocampal CA1 area after traumatic brain injury is alleviated by adenosine A2A receptor inactivation
Authors: Zhao Zi-Ai , Li Ping , Ye Shi-Yang , Ning Ya-Lei , Wang Hao , Peng Yan , Yang Nan , Zhao Yan , Zhang Zhuo-Hang , Chen Jiang-Fan , Zhou Yuan-Guo
Published: May 2017

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can induce cognitive dysfunction due to the regional accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau). However, the factors that cause p-tau to concentrate in specific brain regions remain unclear. Here, we show that AQP4 polarization in the perivascular astrocytic end feet was impaired after TBI, which was most prominent in the ipsilateral brain tissue surrounding the directly impacted region and the contralateral hippocampal CA1 area and was accompanied by increased local p-tau, changes in dendritic spine density and morphology, and upregulation of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). The critical role of the A2AR signaling in these pathological changes was confirmed by alleviation of the impairment of AQP4 polarity and accumulation of p-tau in the contralateral CA1 area in A2AR knockout mice. Given that p-tau can be released to the extracellular space and that the astroglial water transport via AQP4 is involved in tau clearance from the brain interstitium, our results suggest that regional disruption of AQP4 polarity following TBI may reduce the clearance of the toxic interstitial solutes such as p-tau and lead to changes in dendritic spine density and morphology. This may explain why TBI patients are more vulnerable to cognitive dysfunction.
Instability Pattern Formation in a Liquid Metal under High Magnetic Fields
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Jinshan , Kou Hongchao , Beaugnon Eric
Published: May 2017

Magnetic field can generate interface instability when some liquids are put close to magnetic field. A well-known interface instability is called Rosensweig instability or normal field instability. Here we report that pure liquid Co can be highly undercooled close to its Curie temperature in strong magnetic field with very high magnetization and exhibiting unique morphology instability called the normal field instability. To obtain such unique instability pattern, the sample size, undercooling and magnetic field intensity need fulfill certain condition. In the present study, we have studied the required condition for obtaining normal field instability. The magnetization of the undercooled liquid Co is measured in a wide temperature range with different magnetic field intensities and calculated as a function of undercooling and field intensity. The critical size and critical magnetization for the normal field instability are calculated with the changing temperature and field intensity. Then the required conditions including the critical size, the minimum undercooling and field intensity for the existence of the instability pattern formation are determined.
Synthesis of layered platelets by self-assembly of rhenium-based clusters directed by long-chain amines
Authors: Seral-Ascaso Andrés , Downing Clive , Nerl Hannah C. , Pokle Anuj , Metel Sonia , Coelho Joao , Berner Nina C. , Harvey Andrew , Rode Karsten , Ruether Manuel , Hickey Owen , Duesberg Georg , Coleman Jonathan , Nicolosi Valeria
Published: May 2017

Self-assembly of nanomaterials by wet chemistry methods is a suitable approach for the preparation of engineered structures with novel functionalities. In this work, we study the ability of long-chain amines to direct the growth of a layered nanomaterial, using [Re
x
Se
y
Cl
z
] clusters as building blocks. The amines link to the clusters as ligands during the synthesis, directing the self-assembly due to their amphiphilic properties, which produces a platelet-shaped 2D material with sizes up to several μm in diameter and thicknesses in the range of 60–80 nm. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report on a one-step mild chemistry method for the preparation of 2D structures composed of alternate layers of self-assembled amines and sub-nm clusters of a rhenium chalcogenide. Furthermore, these materials can be used as a suitable source of clusters which then, conveniently released by a simple acid/base reaction, have been successfully incorporated to the surface of graphene. The simple clusters deposition method developed here offers a promising route towards the preparation of hybrid clusters/2D materials with outstanding properties arising from quantum confinement effects combined with high surface areas and the enormous compositional variety of 2D materials and clusters. These hybrids are expected to play a key role in the development of active materials for applications ranging from highly efficient energy storage systems, more active catalysts and upper-sensitivity gas sensors.
Disambiguation of patent inventors and assignees using high-resolution geolocation data
Authors: Morrison Greg , Riccaboni Massimo , Pammolli Fabio
Published: May 2017

Patent data represent a significant source of information on innovation, knowledge production, and the evolution of technology through networks of citations, co-invention and co-assignment. A major obstacle to extracting useful information from this data is the problem of name disambiguation: linking alternate spellings of individuals or institutions to a single identifier to uniquely determine the parties involved in knowledge production and diffusion. In this paper, we describe a new algorithm that uses high-resolution geolocation to disambiguate both inventors and assignees on about 8.5 million patents found in the European Patent Office (EPO), under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), and in the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). We show this disambiguation is consistent with a number of ground-truth benchmarks of both assignees and inventors, significantly outperforming the use of undisambiguated names to identify unique entities. A significant benefit of this work is the high quality assignee disambiguation with coverage across the world coupled with an inventor disambiguation (that is competitive with other state of the art approaches) in multiple patent offices.
A dataset of forest biomass structure for Eurasia
Authors: Schepaschenko Dmitry , Shvidenko Anatoly , Usoltsev Vladimir , Lakyda Petro , Luo Yunjian , Vasylyshyn Roman , Lakyda Ivan , Myklush Yuriy , See Linda , McCallum Ian , Fritz Steffen , Kraxner Florian , Obersteiner Michael
Published: May 2017

The most comprehensive dataset of in situ destructive sampling measurements of forest biomass in Eurasia have been compiled from a combination of experiments undertaken by the authors and from scientific publications. Biomass is reported as four components: live trees (stem, bark, branches, foliage, roots); understory (above- and below ground); green forest floor (above- and below ground); and coarse woody debris (snags, logs, dead branches of living trees and dead roots), consisting of 10,351 unique records of sample plots and 9,613 sample trees from ca 1,200 experiments for the period 1930–2014 where there is overlap between these two datasets. The dataset also contains other forest stand parameters such as tree species composition, average age, tree height, growing stock volume, etc., when available. Such a dataset can be used for the development of models of biomass structure, biomass extension factors, change detection in biomass structure, investigations into biodiversity and species distribution and the biodiversity-productivity relationship, as well as the assessment of the carbon pool and its dynamics, among many others.
Correction: Corrigendum: Characterisation of mental health conditions in social media using Informed Deep Learning
Authors: Gkotsis George , Oellrich Anika , Velupillai Sumithra , Liakata Maria , Hubbard Tim J. P. , Dobson Richard J. B. , Dutta Rina
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 45141; published online: 22 March 2017; updated: 16 May 2017 One of the Supplementary Information files that accompany this study was inadvertently omitted in the original version of this Article. The link to this Supplementary Information file has now been added to the HTML version of the Article.
A continuum of genetic liability for minor and major depression
Authors: Corfield E C , Yang Y , Martin N G , Nyholt D R
Published: May 2017

The recent success of a large genome-wide association (GWA) study—analysing 130 620 major depression cases and 347 620 controls—in identifying the first single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci robustly associated with major depression in Europeans confirms that immense sample sizes are required to identify risk loci for depression. Given the phenotypic similarity between major depressive disorder (MDD) and the less severe minor depressive disorder (MiDD), we hypothesised that broadening the case definition to include MiDD may be an efficient approach to increase sample sizes in GWA studies of depression. By analysing two large twin pair cohorts, we show that minor depression and major depression lie on a single genetic continuum, with major depression being more severe but not aetiologically distinct from minor depression. Furthermore, we estimate heritabilities of 37% for minor depression, 46% for major depression and 48% for minor or major depression in a cohort of older adults (aged 50–92). However, the heritability of minor or major depression was estimated at 40% in a cohort of younger adults (aged 23–38). Moreover, two robust major depression-risk SNPs nominally associated with major depression in our Australian GWA data set produced more significant evidence for association with minor or major depression. Hence, broadening the case phenotype in GWA studies to include subthreshold definitions, such as MiDD, should facilitate the identification of additional genetic risk loci for depression.
Synthesis of pearl necklace-like ZnO–ZnWO4 heterojunctions with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B
Authors: Hao Yanyan , Zhang Liyun , Zhang Ying , Zhao Lin , Zhang Bingsen
Published: May 2017

Pearl necklace-like ZnO–ZnWO4 heterojunctions with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B were successfully synthesized by precipitation method followed by calcination.
Ambient mass spectrometry in the analysis of compounds of low polarity
Authors: Kauppila Tiina J. , Kostiainen Risto
Published: May 2017

Ambient mass spectrometry techniques that are capable of ionizing compounds of low polarity are discussed.
Separation and quantification of metallic nanoparticles using cloud point extraction and spectrometric methods: a brief review of latest applications
Authors: Hagarová Ingrid
Published: May 2017

Reliable quantification of metallic nanoparticles in complex matrices is a difficult task.
Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry: a step forward to practical applications
Authors: Chen Jin , Tang Fei , Guo Cheng'an , Zhang Sichun , Zhang Xinrong
Published: May 2017

Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) exhibits great potential in the direct analysis of raw samples with minimum pretreatment.
Determination of growth regimes of Pd nanostructures on c-plane sapphire by the control of deposition amount at different annealing temperatures
Authors: Kunwar Sundar , Sui Mao , Pandey Puran , Zhang Quanzhen , Li Ming-Yu , Bhandari Harish , Lee Jihoon
Published: May 2017

Semi-spherical and irregular Pd nanoparticles and voids are fabricated on sapphire(0001) by the solid-state dewetting of sputter-deposited Pd thin films at different thickness and temperature. The structural evolution, surface morphology transformation and optical properties of Pd nanostructures are probed.
Direct folding simulation of helical proteins using an effective polarizable bond force field
Authors: Duan Lili , Zhu Tong , Ji Changge , Zhang Qinggang , Zhang John Z. H.
Published: May 2017

Snapshots of the intermediate conformation of Trp-cage at various simulation times using AMBER03, EPB03, AMBER12SB, and EPB12SB. Here, the N terminal is always on the top.
A glycosylation strategy to develop a low toxic naphthalimide fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe3+in aqueous medium
Authors: Liu Feiyang , Tang Piaoping , Ding Ruihua , Liao Lujuan , Wang Lisheng , Wang Mian , Wang Jianyi
Published: May 2017

A glycosylation strategy based on click chemistry was employed to develop a naphthalimide-based Fe3+fluorescent probe with low cytotoxicity and good water-solubility.
Carboberyllation: addition of organoberyllium species to alkenes and alkynes. A comparison with carboboration
Authors: Field-Theodore Terri E. , Couchman Shannon A. , Wilson David J. D. , Dutton Jason L.
Published: May 2017

A theoretical evaluation of the unknown addition of diorganoberyllium to model alkenes and alkynes (carboberyllation) shows the reaction with alkynes should be feasible. In contrast with carboboration a 1,2-regioselectivity is predicted.
A luminescent ratiometric pH sensor based on a nanoscale and biocompatible Eu/Tb-mixed MOF
Authors: Xia Tifeng , Zhu Fengliang , Jiang Ke , Cui Yuanjing , Yang Yu , Qian Guodong
Published: May 2017

A highly stable and biocompatible nanoscale metal–organic framework has been developed for luminescent self-referenced pH sensing in the physiological range.
Synthesis of novel inhibitors of α-amylase based on the thiazolidine-4-one skeleton containing a pyrazole moiety and their configurational studies
Authors: Kumar Parvin , Duhan Meenakshi , Kadyan Kulbir , Sindhu Jayant , Kumar Sunil , Sharma Hitender
Published: May 2017

The results showed that some of the synthesized compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activities. Compound5aat 100 μg mL−1concentration showed a remarkable inhibition of 90.04%.
Advances in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 medicinal chemistry
Authors: Coletti Alice , Greco Francesco Antonio , Dolciami Daniela , Camaioni Emidio , Sardella Roccaldo , Pallotta Maria Teresa , Volpi Claudia , Orabona Ciriana , Grohmann Ursula , Macchiarulo Antonio
Published: May 2017

Structure–function relationships of IDO1 and structure–activity relationships of inhibitors are discussed with an outlook on next generation IDO1 ligand.
Facile preparation of a V2O3/carbon fiber composite and its application for long-term performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Xinping , Liu Renpin , Zeng Lingxing , Huang Xiaoxia , Chen Xi , Zheng Cheng , Xu Yuxian , Qian Qingrong , Wei Mingdeng , Chen Qinghua
Published: May 2017

A V2O3/carbon-nanofiber composite was initially synthesized, which exhibited large reversible capacity and excellent long-term cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries.
A novel environmentally sustainable synthesis of Au–Ag@AgCl nanocomposites and their application as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for quinoline synthesis
Authors: Sapkota Kanti , Han Sung Soo
Published: May 2017

An eco-friendly synthesis of Au–Ag@AgCl NCs was described using the tuber extract of Nephrolepis cordifolia. The synthetic utility of the NCs was demonstrated by the synthesis of pharmaceutically important quinoline derivatives.
Upconversion processes: versatile biological applications and biosafety
Authors: Gulzar Arif , Xu Jiating , Yang Piaoping , He Fei , Xu Liangge
Published: May 2017

Lanthanide-doped photon upconverting nanomaterials are evolving as a new class of imaging contrast agents, offering highly promising prospects in the area of biomedical applications.
3D printable composite dough for stretchable, ultrasensitive and body-patchable strain sensors
Authors: Kim Ju Young , Ji Seulgi , Jung Sungmook , Ryu Beyong-Hwan , Kim Hyun-Suk , Lee Sun Sook , Choi Youngmin , Jeong Sunho
Published: May 2017

We demonstrate 3D-printed, highly-sensitive strain sensor devices by formulating the 3D-printable dough including hybrid carbon composites.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles in injectable hydrogels: factors influencing cellular uptake and viability
Authors: Baumann Bernhard , Wittig Rainer , Lindén Mika
Published: May 2017

The incorporation of nanoparticles as drug vectors into 3D scaffolds has attracted a lot of recent interest.
Enhanced electrical conductivity and piezoresistive sensing in multi-wall carbon nanotubes/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites via the construction of a self-segregated structure
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhang Kai , Dai Xin-Xin , Li Yin , Guo Jiang , Liu Hu , Li Gen-Hui , Tan Yan-Jun , Zeng Jian-Bing , Guo Zhanhu
Published: May 2017

Self-segregated PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites exhibit high piezoresistive sensitivity, low percolation threshold and an enhanced mechanical properties.
Alkynyl-protected silver nanoclusters featuring an anticuboctahedral kernel
Authors: Yuan Shang-Fu , Li Pei , Tang Qing , Wan Xian-Kai , Nan Zi-Ang , Jiang De-en , Wang Quan-Ming
Published: May 2017

Structural determination reveals that alkynyl-protected silver nanoclusters contain anticuboctahedral kernels, which are observed in coinage-metal nanoclusters for the first time.
A facile synthesis of sulfonylureas via water assisted preparation of carbamates
Authors: Tanwar Dinesh Kumar , Ratan Anjali , Gill Manjinder Singh
Published: May 2017

A novel and simple approach to the synthesis of sulfonylureas has been reported.
Metal-free regioselective formation of C–N and C–O bonds with the utilization of diaryliodonium salts in water: facile synthesis of N-arylquinolones and aryloxyquinolines
Authors: Mehra Manish Kumar , Tantak Mukund P. , Arun V. , Kumar Indresh , Kumar Dalip
Published: May 2017

Metal and ligand-free regioselective synthesis of C–N and C–O bonds in water.
Photochromic histone deacetylase inhibitors based on dithienylethenes and fulgimides
Authors: Wutz D. , Gluhacevic D. , Chakrabarti A. , Schmidtkunz K. , Robaa D. , Erdmann F. , Romier C. , Sippl W. , Jung M. , König B.
Published: May 2017

The synthesis, photochromic properties, inhibition of different HDACs and corresponding molecular dockings of photochromic inhibitors are described.
Diastereo- and enantioselective construction of spirooxindole scaffolds through a catalytic asymmetric [3 + 3] cycloaddition
Authors: Li Can , Lu Han , Sun Xiao-Xue , Mei Guang-Jian , Shi Feng
Published: May 2017

A chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric [3 + 3] cycloaddition of C3-substituted 2-indolylmethanols with isatin-derived azomethine ylides has been established, which afforded chiral spirooxindoles in considerable yields, moderate to good stereoselectivities.
Combined effects of hole doping and off-stoichiometry on the structures, transport, and magnetic properties of Sr(2−y)NayFe(1−x)Mo(1+x)O6 (x = 0/5x = y; y = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.3)
Authors: Wang Jin-Feng , Zhang Yan-Ming
Published: May 2017

Composition-dependent TC values in Sr(2−y)NayFe(1−x)Mo(1+x)O6 (x = 0/5x = y; y = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.3) do not monotonously depend on the carrier density.
A review of Mn-containing oxide catalysts for low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3: reaction mechanism and catalyst deactivation
Authors: Zhang Shengen , Zhang Bolin , Liu Bo , Sun Shuailing
Published: May 2017

The reactions over Mn-containing selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts.
Aqueous dispersion of single walled carbon nanotubes stabilized by PEG modified diperylene bisimide and their application as an antibacterial agent
Authors: Sun Yan , Li Zhibo
Published: May 2017

Polyethylene glycol modified diperylene bisimide was synthesized and applied to disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes in water. Moreover, the well-dispersed SWCNTs show excellent antibacterial activities.
Regioselective Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of lignin model compounds with tin beta zeolite catalyst and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Jennings John A. , Parkin Sean , Munson Eric , Delaney Sean P. , Calahan Julie L. , Isaacs Mark , Hong Kunlun , Crocker Mark
Published: May 2017

One approach to lignin deconstruction involves oxidation of benzylic alcohol groups, followed by Baeyer–Villiger oxidation (BVO) and ester hydrolysis. In this study β-O-4 and β-1 lignin models were oxidized using a heterogeneous BVO system.
In situ construction of polymer-encapsulated Au nanoparticle dimers based on a C–C coupling reaction
Authors: Jin Qi , Zhang Chenjie , Zhang Jing , Yuan Yaxian , Xu Minmin , Yao Jianlin
Published: May 2017

A polymer-encapsulated Au nanoparticle dimer was fabricated via C–C coupling reaction. The strong effect of LSPR, SERS and SPR catalysis were observed in the gap. It is expected to provide rich information for understanding SERS mechanism.
Adsorption of fluoride at the interface of water with calcined magnesium–ferri–lanthanum hydrotalcite-like compound
Authors: Wu Peng , Wu Jishan , Xia Ling , Liu Yao , Xu Linya , Song Shaoxian
Published: May 2017

A new calcined Mg/Fe/La hydrotalcite-like compound was prepared and showed a good performance for fluoride adsorption. The “memory effect” of the adsorbent and lanthanum played a great role for fluoride adsorption.
Selective functionalization of complex heterocycles via an automated strong base screening platform
Authors: Boga Sobhana Babu , Christensen Melodie , Perrotto Nicholas , Krska Shane W. , Dreher Spencer , Tudge Matthew T. , Ashley Eric R. , Poirier Marc , Reibarkh Mikhail , Liu Yong , Streckfuss Eric , Campeau Louis-Charles , Ruck Rebecca T. , Davies Ian W. , Vachal Petr
Published: May 2017

An automated high throughput screening approach to optimizing strong base-mediated metalations.
Inhibition of the Ras/Raf interaction and repression of renal cancer xenografts in vivo by an enantiomeric iridium(iii) metal-based compound
Authors: Liu Li-Juan , Wang Wanhe , Huang Shi-Ying , Hong Yanjun , Li Guodong , Lin Sheng , Tian Jinglin , Cai Zongwei , Wang Hui-Min David , Ma Dik-Lung , Leung Chung-Hang
Published: May 2017

This study reports the first use of an iridium(iii) compound and its enantiomer to inhibit the H-Ras/Raf-I PPI in vitro and repress renal cancer xenografts in vivo.
Direct local solvent probing by transient infrared spectroscopy reveals the mechanism of hydrogen-bond induced nonradiative deactivation
Authors: Dereka Bogdan , Vauthey Eric
Published: May 2017

The hydrogen-bond induced quenching of an excited chromophore is visualised by probing O–H vibrations of the interacting solvent molecules.
Artificial light-harvesting n-type porphyrin for panchromatic organic photovoltaic devices
Authors: Hadmojo Wisnu Tantyo , Yim Dajeong , Aqoma Havid , Ryu Du Yeol , Shin Tae Joo , Kim Hyun Woo , Hwang Eojin , Jang Woo-Dong , Jung In Hwan , Jang Sung-Yeon
Published: May 2017

We developed a novel NIR-harvesting n-type porphyrin derivative, PDI–PZn–PDI, that shows a low bandgap of 1.27 eV. Panchromatic absorption was extended to the NIR area with a significantly low energy loss of 0.54 eV which led to promising photovoltaic performance.
The lubricating role of water in the shuttling of rotaxanes
Authors: Fu Haohao , Shao Xueguang , Chipot Christophe , Cai Wensheng
Published: May 2017

The special properties of water make it an effective lubricant in rotaxanes to enhance their shuttling.
Engineering the self-assembly of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based molecular semiconductors via an aliphatic linker strategy
Authors: Jeanbourquin Xavier A. , Rahmanudin Aiman , Gasperini Andrea , Ripaud Emilie , Yu Xiaoyun , Johnson Melissa , Guijarro Néstor , Sivula Kevin
Published: May 2017

The use of a flexible linker strategy to control molecular self-assembly without altering the core conjugated segment is shown to be a promising strategy for tuning morphology in molecular photovoltaics.
Simulation of ECM with silk and chitosan nanocomposite materials
Authors: Ding Z. Z. , Ma J. , He W. , Ge Z. L. , Lu Q. , Kaplan D. L.
Published: May 2017

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a system used to model the design of biomaterial matrices for tissue regeneration.
An efficient and thickness insensitive cathode interface material for high performance inverted perovskite solar cells with 17.27% efficiency
Authors: Peng Sen , Miao Jingsheng , Murtaza Imran , Zhao Liang , Hu Zhao , Liu Ming , Yang Tingbin , Liang Yongye , Meng Hong , Huang Wei
Published: May 2017

A thickness insensitive water/alcohol soluble small molecular, PN6, exhibits high electron mobility with deep LUMO energy level, and effectively decrease the work function of the cathode. Those properties significantly enhance the power conversion efficiency from 8.73% (control cell) to 17.27%.
Thermodynamic considerations on interfacial reactivity concerning carrier transport characteristics in metal/p-Zn3P2 junctions
Authors: Katsube Ryoji , Nose Yoshitaro
Published: May 2017

Chemical reaction at the metal/semiconductor interfaces, which have a significant impact on carrier transport properties of electronic devices, can be systematically discussed based on chemical potential diagrams.
Regioisomerism of an alkyl-substituted bithiophene comonomer in (3E,8E)-3,8-bis(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)naphtho-[1,2-b:5,6-b′]difuran-2,7(3H,8H)-dione (INDF)-based D–A polymers for organic thin film transistors
Authors: Quinn Jesse T. E. , Guo Chang , Haider Fezza , Patel Haritosh , Khan Daid A. , Li Yuning
Published: May 2017

Two INDF-based polymers with regioisomerically substituted bithiophene units show distinctly different charge transport performances.
A self-monitored fluorescence DNA anti-counterfeiting system based on silica coated SYBR Green I/DNA gelatin nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Yongchun , Zhang Chunhong , Li Xizhe , Wu Daocheng
Published: May 2017

Silica-coated SYBR Green I/DNA gelatin nanoparticles (SSDG NPs) with high stability and self-monitored of DNA activity were prepared for anti-counterfeiting label, which could be rapidly detected by UV irradiation and precisely detected by PCR and DNA sequencing.
Band gap modification in doped MXene: Sc2CF2
Authors: Balcı Erdem , Akkuş Ünal Özden , Berber Savas
Published: May 2017

We report the modification of the band gap in the Sc2CF2 MXene monolayer through C atom substitution by Si, Ge, Sn, F, S, N, B, and B + N.
A comparative study of hydrophilic phosphine hexanuclear rhenium cluster complexes’ toxicity
Authors: Krasilnikova Anna A. , Solovieva Anastasiya O. , Ivanov Anton A. , Brylev Konstantin A. , Pozmogova Tatiana N. , Gulyaeva Marina A. , Kurskaya Olga G. , Alekseev Alexander Y. , Shestopalov Alexander M. , Shestopalova Lidiya V. , Poveshchenko Alexander F. , Efremova Olga A. , Mironov Yuri V. , Shestopalov Michael A.
Published: May 2017

This article evaluates the link between ligands on rhenium clusters and their toxicity.
Effects of microvirin monomers and oligomers on hepatitis C virus
Authors: Min Yuan-Qin , Duan Xu-Chu , Zhou Yi-Dan , Kulinich Anna , Meng Wang , Cai Zhi-Peng , Ma Hong-Yu , Liu Li , Zhang Xiao-Lian , Voglmeir Josef
Published: May 2017

Microvirin (MVN) is a carbohydrate-binding protein which shows high specificity for high-mannose type N-glycan structures. In the present study, we tried to identify whether MVN could bind to high-mannose containing hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoproteins, which are heavily decorated high-mannose glycans. In addition, recombinantly expressed MVN oligomers in di-, tri- and tetrameric form were evaluated for their viral inhibition. MVN oligomers bound more efficiently to HCV virions, and displayed in comparison with the MVN monomer a higher neutralization potency against HCV infection. The antiviral effect was furthermore affected by the peptide linker sequence connecting the MVN monomers. The results indicate that MVN oligomers such as trimers and tetramers may be used as future neutralization agents against HCV infections.
The Role of Frequency in Learning Morphophonological Alternations: Implications for Children With Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Tomas Ekaterina , Demuth Katherine , Petocz Peter
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The aim of this article was to explore how the type of allomorph (e.g., past tense
buzz
[

d

] vs.
nod
[

əd

]) influences the ability to perceive and produce grammatical morphemes in children with typical development and with specific language impairment (SLI).

Method

The participants were monolingual Australian English–speaking children. The SLI group included 13 participants (mean age = 5;7 [years;months]); the control group included 19 children with typical development (mean age = 5;4). Both groups performed a grammaticality judgment and elicited production task with the same set of nonce verbs in third-person singular and past tense forms.

Results

Five-year-old children are still learning to generalize morphophonological patterns to novel verbs, and syllabic /əz/ and /əd/ allomorphs are significantly more challenging to produce, particularly for the SLI group. The greater phonetic content of these syllabic forms did not enhance perception.

Conclusions

Acquisition of morphophonological patterns involving low-frequency allomorphs is still underway in 5-year-old children with typical development, and it is even more protracted in SLI populations, despite these patterns being highly predictable. Children with SLI will therefore benefit from targeted intervention with low-frequency allomorphs.
Cyclic prefix‐aided linear trajectory search for phase‐noise mitigation in coherent optical‐OFDM systems
Authors: Choi Ji‐Won , Kim Yong‐Hwa , Lee Jong‐Ho , Kim Seong‐Cheol
Published: May 2017

Estimating and mitigating the phase noise (PHN) in orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) greatly improves the system performance. Recently, a PHN mitigation method using the best match trajectory (BMT) method was proposed, and it outperformed the conventional inter‐carrier interference (ICI) compensation methods in both bit error rate and computational complexity. The authors propose a modified version of the BMT method in order to further improve the computational performance when mitigating the PHN in coherent optical OFDM systems. Their simulations show that the proposed linear PHN trajectory achieves better PHN estimation than the conventional PHN trajectory, and the proposed scheme reduces the computational complexity compared with the BMT method.
VLTI/PIONIER images the Achernar disk swell
Authors: Dalla Vedova G. , Millour F. , Domiciano de Souza A. , Petrov R. G. , Moser Faes D. , Carciofi A. C. , Kervella P. , Rivinius T.
Published: May 2017

Context.The mechanism of disk formation around fast-rotating Be stars is not well understood. In particular, it is not clear which mechanisms operate, in addition to fast rotation, to produce the observed variable ejection of matter. The star Achernar is a privileged laboratory to probe these additional mechanisms because it is close, presents B ⇌ Be phase variations on timescales ranging from ~6 yr to ~15 yr, a companion star was discovered around it, and probably presents a polar wind or jet.

Aims.Despite all these previous studies, the disk around Achernar was never directly imaged. Therefore we seek to produce an image of the photosphere and close environment of the star.

Methods.We used infrared long-baseline interferometry with the PIONIER instrument at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) to produce reconstructed images of the photosphere and close environment of the star over four years of observations. To study the disk formation, we compared the observations and reconstructed images to previously computed models of both the stellar photosphere alone (normal B phase) and the star presenting a circumstellar disk (Be phase).

Results.The observations taken in 2011 and 2012, during the quiescent phase of Achernar, do not exhibit a disk at the detection limit of the instrument. In 2014, on the other hand, a disk was already formed and our reconstructed image reveals an extendedH-band continuum excess flux. Our results from interferometric imaging are also supported by several Hαline profiles showing that Achernar started an emission-line phase sometime in the beginning of 2013. The analysis of our reconstructed images shows that the 2014 near-IR flux extends to ~1.7–2.3 equatorial radii. Our model-independent size estimation of theH-band continuum contribution is compatible with the presence of a circumstellar disk, which is in good agreement with predictions from Be-disk models.
Flattening and surface-brightness of the fast-rotating star δ Persei with the visible VEGA/CHARA interferometer
Authors: Challouf M. , Nardetto N. , Domiciano de Souza A. , Mourard D. , Tallon-Bosc I. , Aroui H. , Farrington C. , Ligi R. , Meilland A. , Mouelhi M.
Published: May 2017

Context. Rapid rotation is a common feature for massive stars, with important consequences on their physical structure, flux distribution and evolution. Fast-rotating stars are flattened and show gravity darkening (non-uniform surface intensity distribution). Another important and less studied impact of fast-rotation in early-type stars is its influence on the surface brightness colour relation (hereafter SBCR), which could be used to derive the distance of eclipsing binaries.

Aims. The purpose of this paper is to determine the flattening of the fast-rotating B-type star δ Per using visible long-baseline interferometry. A second goal is to evaluate the impact of rotation and gravity darkening on the V − K colour and surface brightness of the star.

Methods. The B-type star δ Per was observed with the VEGA/CHARA interferometer, which can measure spatial resolutions down to 0.3 mas and spectral resolving power of 5000 in the visible. We first used a toy model to derive the position angle of the rotation axis of the star in the plane of the sky. Then we used a code of stellar rotation, CHARRON, in order to derive the physical parameters of the star. Finally, by considering two cases, a static reference star and our best model of δ Per, we can quantify the impact of fast rotation on the surface brightness colour relation (SBCR).

Results. We find a position angle of 23 ± 6 degrees. The polar axis angular diameter of δ Per is θp = 0.544 ± 0.007 mas, and the derived flatness is r = 1.121 ± 0.013. We derive an inclination angle for the star of i = 85+ 5-20 degrees and a projected rotation velocity Vsini = 175+ 8-11 km s-1 (or 57% of the critical velocity). We find also that the rotation and inclination angle of δ Per keeps the V − K colour unchanged while it decreasing its surface-brightness by about 0.05 mag.

Conclusions. Correcting the impact of rotation on the SBCR of early-type stars appears feasible using visible interferometry and dedicated models.
Gravity darkening in stars with surface differential rotation
Authors: Zorec J. , Rieutord M. , Espinosa Lara F. , Frémat Y. , Domiciano de Souza A. , Royer F.
Published: May 2017

Context. The interpretation of stellar apparent fundamental parameters (viewing-angle dependent) requires that they be treated consistently with the characteristics of their surface rotation law.

Aims. We aim to develop a model to determine the distribution of the effective temperature and gravity, which explicitly depend on the surface differential rotation law and on the concomitant stellar external geometry.

Methods. The basic assumptions in this model are: a) the external stellar layers are in radiative equilibrium; b) the emergent bolometric flux is anti-parallel with the effective gravity; c) the angular velocity in the surface obeys relations like Ω(θ) = Ωo [ 1 + αΥ(θ,k) ] where Υ(θ,k) = coskθ or sinkθ, and where (α,k) are free parameters.

Results. The effective temperature varies with co-latitude θ, with amplitudes that depend on the differential-rotation law through the surface effective gravity and the gravity-darkening function (GDF). Although the derived expressions can be treated numerically, for some low integer values of k, analytical forms of the integral of characteristic curves, on which the determination of the GDF relies, are obtained. The effects of the quantities (η,α,k) (η = ratio between centrifugal and gravitational accelerations at the equator) on the determination of the Vsini parameter and on the gravity-darkening exponent are studied. Depending on the values of (η,α,k) the velocity V in the derived Vsini may strongly deviate from the equatorial rotational velocity. It is shown that the von Zeipel’s-like gravity-darkening exponent β1 depends on all parameters (η,α,k) and that its value also depends on the viewing-angle i. Hence, there no unique interpretation of this exponent determined empirically in terms of (i,α).

Conclusions. We stress that the data on rotating stars should be analyzed by taking into account the rotational effects through the GDF, by assuming k = 2 as a first approximation. Instead of the classic pair (η,β1), it would be more useful to determine the quantities (η,α,i) to characterize stellar rotation.
Survival and Long-Term Outcomes of Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients Aged 55 to 65 Years
Authors: Alex Shilpa , Hiebert Brett , Arora Rakesh , Menkis Alan , Shah Pallav
Published: May 2017

Background This study aims to compare the outcomes after aortic valve replacement (AVR) with mechanical and biological valves in middle-aged patients (55–65 years) to determine the impact on long-term mortality and morbidity.

Methods A retrospective analysis of 373 patients between 55 and 65 years of age who received a primary AVR with or without concomitant coronary artery bypass graft between April 1995 and March 2014. Propensity matching yielded 118 patient pairs in the mechanical and biological valve cohorts.

Results Median follow-up time was 6.9 years. No differences in long-term survival or a composite outcome of stroke, bleeding, and endocarditis (major adverse prosthesis-related event; MAPE) were observed in patients receiving biological versus mechanical valves. Actuarial 15-year survival was 46.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.8–62.3%) in the biological valve group versus 60.6% (95% CI, 47.5–71.4%) in the mechanical valve group (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95%CI, 0.69–1.94], p = 0.58). The 15-year cumulative incidence of MAPE was 53.3% (95% CI, 33.7–69.4%) for biological valves versus 24.5% (95% CI, 16.2–33.8%) for mechanical valves (hazard ratio, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.37–1.14], p = 0.12). The 15-year cumulative incidence of reoperation was higher in the bioprosthetic group (26.0% [95% CI, 14.0–39.8%] vs. 5.4% [95% CI, 2.0–11.4%]; hazard ratio 0.24 [95% CI, 0.09–0.68] p < 0.01).

Conclusion There is no difference in survival and MAPE at 15 years between biological and mechanical valves. The risk of reoperation was significantly higher in the biological valve group and may affect valve choice in middle-aged patients.
Mutations in NSD1 and NFIX in Three Patients with Clinical Features of Sotos Syndrome and Malan Syndrome
Authors: Lu Yongping , Chong Pin , Kira Ryutaro , Seto Toshiyuki , Ondo Yumiko , Shimojima Keiko , Yamamoto Toshiyuki
Published: May 2017

Mutations in nuclear receptor SET domain-containing protein 1 gene (NSD1) are related to Sotos syndrome, which is characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, distinctive features, and neurodevelopmental disabilities. On the other hand, mutations in the nuclear factor I/X gene (NFIX) can lead to Malan syndrome, also known as Sotos-like syndrome, or to the Marshall–Smith syndrome. In this study, using next generation sequencing (NGS), we identified de novo mutations in NSD1 and NFIX in three patients with developmental disabilities associated with overgrowth or macrocephaly. Overall, we confirmed that clinical entities of congenital malformation syndromes can be expanded by molecular diagnoses via NGS.