bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunolocalization of Antibacterial Peptide S100A7 in Goat Mammary Gland and Lipopolysaccharide Induces the Expression and Secretion of S100A7 in Goat Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells via TLR4/NFκB Signal Pathway
Authors: Yan Yutong , Fan Mingzhen , Zhu Kunyuan , Miao Yuyang , Zhao Xiaoe , Pan Menghao , Ma Baohua , Wei Qiang
Published: July 2021

Background: The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) S100A7, with antimicrobial activities for a broad spectrum of bacteria, have attracted more and more attention for the prevention and treatment of mastitis. However, in goat mastitis, there is little information about the expression and regulation mechanism of S100A7. In present study, the immunolocalization of S100A7 in healthy and mastitis goat udder were compared. In order to further explore the regulatory mechanism of S100A7 expression in mammary epithelial cells (MECs), goat MECs were isolated and treated by 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) respectively for different time.Results: Both in healthy and mastitis goat teat, S100A7 was mainly expressed in stratified squamous epithelium of teat skin and streak canal. In healthy goat mammary gland, weakly S100A7 immunoreactivity was present in the alveolus. But in the collapsed alveolus of mastitis goat mammary gland, densely S100A7 immunoreactivity could be observed.The goat MECs were treated by 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL LPS respectively for different time. For all of these four groups, after treatment for 3 h, increase in S100A7 mRNA expression and protein secretion were detected compared to control (p<0.05). For 10 and 20μg/mL LPS groups, after treatment for 6 h, the mRNA and secreted protein levels of S100A7 were remarkably up-regulated compared to control(p<0.01). For all of these four groups, the secretion level of S100A7 descended after 48 h treatment. Moreover, after treatment with LPS, the mRNA levels of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and MyD88 were up-regulated, and the phosphorylation of p65 was up-regulated markedly compared to control. However, adding TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 or/and NF-κB inhibitor QNZ significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of p-65，and then inhibited the expression and secretion of S100A7 induced by LPS treatment.Conclusions: S100A7 was mainly expressed in stratified squamous epithelium of teat skin and streak canal. In mastitis goat mammary gland alveolus, the expression level of S100A7 was up-regulated compared to that in healthy goat. LPS induced the expression and secretion of S100A7 in goat MECs depended on concentration and treatment duration. Moreover, LPS induced the expression and secretion of S100A7 in goat MECs via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Quantifying Factors Associated With Birth Outcomes and Their Implications on Evaluating the Success of a Maternal Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine Program in Kenya
Authors: Nyiro Joyce U. , Bukusi Elizabeth , Mwaengo Dufton , Walumbe David , Nyaguara Amek , Kipkoech Collins , Nyawanda Bryan , Bigogo Godfrey , Otieno Nancy , Aol George , Audi Allan , Murunga Nickson , Berkley James A. , Nokes D James , Munywoki Patrick
Published: July 2021

BackgroundMaternal immunisation to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated disease among infants is in focus. However, little is known about adverse birth outcomes and associated factors occurring in a setting with high morbidities of malaria, HIV infection and undernutrition. Quantifying these ahead of introduction of a maternal vaccine would assist in assessing an association between RSV vaccination and adverse birth outcomes. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data on birth outcomes from women residents of the health and demographic surveillance systems (HDSS) of Siaya and Kilifi, Kenya and from the maternity wards of Siaya County referral hospital and Bondo sub-county hospital. Participants of the HDSS sites had pregnancies registered in the years 2017 to 2020 through census rounds and were traced at home for interview. All women had a birth outcome by the time of data collection. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of adverse birth outcomes. Results A total of 2219 women were interviewed. Median age during pregnancy was 27.7yrs (range: 22.7-32.4), 1857 (83.7%) attended antenatal care clinic (ANC), 1,979 (89.2%) delivered at a health facility and 2204 (99.3%) reported they would take up a new maternal vaccine. Adverse birth outcomes occurred in 781 (35%) of pregnancies; 490 (62.7%) were preterm, 247 (31.6%) low birth weight, 189 (24.2%) macrosomia and 42 (5.4%) still births. Predictors of adverse birth outcomes were, eclampsia (AOR 6.86 (1.40-33.60); p=0.017), gestational diabetes (AOR 3.01 (1.24-7.30; p=0.015), and home delivery (AOR 2.48 (1.20-5.13); p=0.014). Being multiparous (AOR 0.52 (0.33-0.81); p=0.004) was protective. Home delivery was significantly associated with older maternal age 40-49 years (p=0.001), multiparous >5 (p=0.001), level of formal education below primary (p=0.001) and Islamic religion (p=0.001). ConclusionsIn this maternal population, about a third of pregnancies have adverse birth outcomes. Recognizing this baseline prevalence will be important in validating safety of a new maternal vaccine. Monitoring of the actual safety outcomes of the maternal RSV vaccine, will require integrated initiatives to mitigate against factors affecting utilization of maternal healthcare services and individual factors associated with adverse birth outcomes.
Comparison of 11 Respiratory Pathogens Among Hospitalized Children Before and After the COVID-19 Epidemic in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Li Li , Wang Heping , Liu Ailiang , Wang Rongjun , Zhi Tingting , Zheng Yuejie , Bao Yanming , Chen Yunsheng , Wang Wenjian
Published: July 2021

Background: The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children.Methods: This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (after the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019. The detection rates reflected changes in these pathogens when the COVID-19 epidemic was well controlled. The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with the substantial reduction in the circulation of respiratory pathogens including influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as with the increase in respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and human metapneumovirus in Shenzhen. The reasons for this phenomenon require further studies.
The Effects of Plant Growth Regulators On The Oil Content And Fatty Acid Composition of Ricinus Communis L.: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Ergun Zeynep
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators in callus cell culture on the oil content and fatty acid composition of the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). Ricinus communis L. are valued for its oil and the performance of oil is closely related to its fatty acid composition. Thus, producing oil in vitro with favored fatty acid profiles is a promising research area and may also offer industrial opportunities. In line with this, the total amount of fat and the fatty acid composition of the samples, which were endosperm and calli obtained by treatment of various doses of plant growth regulators were determined. Results showed that the type and amount of the plant growth regulator used in the media affect the fatty acid composition. In detail, the biggest change was shown by Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), in general, using the plant growth regulators at 5 mgL-1, instead of 20 mgL-1, was found to have induced larger differentiations. The effect of a natural plant growth regulator (IAA) on fatty acid profiles was larger than the synthetic ones (NAA, 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, and 2,4 D, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The media containing 5 mgL-1 of NAA, 20 mgL-1 of NAA, 20 mgL-1 of 2,4 D, or 5 mgL-1 of 2,4 D gave similar results.
Climate Change and Invasion Expansion Jointly Reshape Geographic Ranges of Invasive Tephritid Fruit Flies
Authors: Zhao Zihua , Zhang Yu , Avila Gonzalo A , Han Peng , Pan Xubin , Qin Yujia , Li Zhihong , Reddy Gadi V.P. , Kleunen Mark van , Hui Cang
Published: July 2021

Human-mediated species introductions have greatly contributed significantly to the current global alteration of the biosphere, with many invasive species rapidly expanding their geographic ranges, leading to changes in biodiversity and disruptions of ecosystem functioning. With a modified SDM that considers both extensive data coverage and the distance to previously already occupied areas, we show continued shifts and expansions of geographic ranges of two globally invasive tephritid pest species Bactrocera dorsalis and Ceratitis capitata). Both tephritid pests are still expanding globally, with their geographic ranges estimated to have expanded by 65% and 22% in the past three decades. The potential future geographic distributions of B. dorsalis and C. capitata under four scenarios of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) for 2050 highlighted some key changes when compared to their current occurrences. Under all four RCPs by 2050, the potential geographic distribution of C. capitata was predicted to shrink by 5-14%, while the distribution of B. dorsalis was predicted to increase by 12-15%. Under different climate scenarios for 2050, B. dorsalis could experience a notable poleward expansion with increasing connectivity in its future geographic distribution. The two tephritids will continue to co-occur in Africa, with B. dorsalis experiencing higher suitability in most regions where they overlap. Climate changes were estimated to contribute more, than non-equilibrial invasion expansion, to changes in the geographic ranges of the two tephritid pests. The forecasted potential geographic distributions could enhance regional biosecurity preparedness in future climates and mitigate proactively the economic loss from these fruit fly pests.
The SARS-CoV-2 host cell membrane fusion protein TMPRSS2 is a tumor suppressor and its downregulation promotes antitumor immunity and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Zhixian , Zhang Zhilan , Feng Qiushi , Wang Xiaosheng
Published: July 2021

Background
Cancer patients are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. An investigation into the association between the SARS-CoV-2 host cell membrane fusion protein TMPRSS2 and lung cancer is significant, considering that lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and that the lungs are the primary organ SARS-CoV-2 attacks.
Methods
Using five lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) genomics datasets, we explored associations between TMPRSS2 expression and immune signatures, cancer-associated pathways, tumor progression phenotypes, and clinical prognosis in LUAD by the bioinformatics approach. We validated the findings from the bioinformatics analysis through in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical samples we collected.
Results
TMPRSS2 expression levels were negatively correlated with the enrichment levels of both antitumor immune signatures and immunosuppressive signatures in LUAD. However, TMPRSS2 expression levels showed a significant positive correlation with the ratios of immune-stimulatory/immune-inhibitory signatures (CD8 + T cells/PD-L1) in LUAD. TMPRSS2 downregulation correlated with elevated activities of many oncogenic pathways in LUAD, including cell cycle, mismatch repair, p53, and extracellular matrix signaling. TMPRSS2 downregulation correlated with increased proliferation, stemness, genomic instability, tumor advancement, and worse survival in LUAD. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated the association of TMPRSS2 deficiency with increased tumor cell proliferation and invasion and antitumor immunity in LUAD. Moreover, in vivo experiments demonstrated that TMPRSS2-knockdown tumors were more sensitive to BMS-1, an inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1.
Conclusion
TMPRSS2 is a tumor suppressor, while its downregulation is a positive biomarker of immunotherapy in LUAD. Our data provide a connection between lung cancer and pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Inventory Reveals Wide Edible Insects’ Biodiversity in Selected Territories of South-Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Ishara Jackson , Ayagirwe Rodrigue , Karume Katcho , Mushagalusa Gustave , Bugeme David , Niassy Saliou , Udomkun Patchimaporn , Kinyuru John
Published: July 2021

In response to growing food demand, edible insects are seen as a potential source to alleviate food insecurity. With its wide edible insects’ biodiversity, the Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in Africa. This study aimed at giving a first insight on the inventory showing diversity, perception, consumption, availability, host plants, harvesting techniques and processing techniques of edible insects in South-Kivu, DRC. It recorded twenty-three edible insects belonging to nine families and five orders, some of which are consumed in the larval, adult, egg and pupa stages. Rhyncophorus phoenicis, Alphitobius diaperinus, Macrotermes subhylanus and Acheta domesticus were the most preferred edible insects in Fizi Territory, Ruspolia differens and Apis melifera larvae in Kabare Territory, Imbrasia oyemensis, Imbrasia epimethea, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Rhyncophorus phoenicis in Mwenga Territory, Ruspolia differens, Macrotermes subhylanus, Gryllotalpa africana, Nsike, Nomadacris septemfasciata and Apis melifera larvae in Walungu Territory. R. differens, I. oyemensis, A. melifera larvae, G. africana and Nsike were preferred for their taste. A. domesticus, A. diaperinus and A. melifera larvae were abundant throughout the year, while the others were only available for 9 months or less per year. Numerous plants have been recorded as their hosts, including plants used for food and income. Harvesting strategies and period, processing methods and preservation techniques depend on insect species, local knowledge and practices. These findings suggest similar and thoroughly studies on entomophagy across the country, while encouraging the rearing of edible insects to address the high existing demand and environmental need.
Lipid-Glycoadjuvant@AuNPs Inhibits Tumor Gowth and Regulates Tumor Microenvironments by Tumor-Specific CTL-Ferived IFNγ
Authors: Xu Xiaojing , Yi Cheng , Ge Youzhen , Feng Tianyun , Liu Mengjie , Wu Cenhao , Chen Xiang , Zou Jun , Zhang Weidong , Zhao Lixiang
Published: July 2021

Inducing tumor-specific T cell responses and regulating suppressive tumor microenvironments have been a challenge for effective tumor therapy. CpG (ODN), the Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, has been widely used as adjuvants of cancer vaccines to induce T cell responses. However, clinical benefits of CpG based tumor vaccine were limited primarily due to the poor targeting to lymph nodes. Here we developed a lipid-glycoadjuvant@AuNPs (LCpG) by covalent conjugation of CpG with lipid-glycopolymers, which could be rapidly transported to and retained longer in the lymphoid nodes than unmodified CpG. In melanoma model, LCpG controlled both primary tumor and its metastasis, and established long-term memory. In spleen and tumor draining lymphoid nodes, LCpG activated tumor-specific Tc1 responses, with increased CD8+ T-cell proliferation, antigen–specific Tc1 cytokine production and specific-tumor killing capacity. In tumor microenvironments, antigen-specific Tc1 induced by the LCpG promoted CTL infiltration, skewed tumor associated macrophages to M1 phenotype, inhibited Treg differentiation and induced proinflammatory cytokines production in a CTL-derived IFN-γ-dependent manner. In vivo cell depletion and adoptive transfer experiments confirmed that antitumor activity of LCpG included vaccine was mainly dependent on CTL-derived IFN-γ. The anti-tumor efficacy of LCpG was dramatically enhanced when combined with anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Together, our results demonstrated that LCpG was a promising adjuvant for vaccine formulation which could augment tumor-specific Tc1 activity, and regulate tumor microenvironments.
Mixed Convection Flow Along Vertical Thin Needles Containing Gyrotactic Microorganism with Variable Heat, Mass and Motile Microorganism Flux
Authors: Nima Nayema Islam , Alshuraiaan Bader , Ferdows M.
Published: July 2021

The problem of steady laminar mixed convection boundary layer flow along vertical thin needle with variable surface heat, mass and motile microorganism flux in the presence of gyrotactic microorganism is considered in this study. The dimensionless leading equations of continuity, momentum, concentraton and motile microorganism conservation are reduced to ordinary differential equations with the help of similarity transformations. The transformed governing equations are then numerically solved by using MATLAB BVP4C function. The research is reached to excellent argument by comparison in few cases between the results obtained from MATLAB and Maple algorithm with the help of dsolve command. Numerical calculations are carried out for various values of the dimensionless parameters of the problem which includes mixed convection parameter λ, power law index m, buoyancy parameters N1, N2 Lewis parameter Le, bioconvection lewis parameter Lb, Bioconvection peclet number Pe and also the parameter a representing the needle size. It is also shown from the results that the surface (wall) temperature, surface fluid concentration, surface motile microorganism concentration and the corresponding velocity, temperature, concentration and motile microorganism profiles are significantly induced by these parameters. The results are pictured and discussed in detail.
Comprehensive Analysis of Immune-Related Metabolic Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li FangFang , Huang Chun , Qiu LingXiao , Li Ping , zhang guojun
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The immunotherapy of lung adenocarcinoma has received more and more attention. Different immune cells can affect other metabolic genes and lifespan, and cell metabolism directly regulates immune cell functions. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the role of immune-related metabolic genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: This study screened and studied immune-related metabolic genes from three aspects. First of all, we divide them into three categories based on different immune characteristics and research immunity and clinical pathology. Secondly, we used LASSO regression analysis to screen the immune-related metabolic genes and constructed the clinical prediction model for the screened genes. Finally, we selected the intersection of immune metabolism genes highly expressed in tumor sites and immune metabolism genes that are negatively related to survival and obtained potential genes. Results: We first identified immune-related metabolic genes and immune cells that may affect tumor progression in lung cancer. Then, through LASSO regression analysis, we screened out nine hub genes (TK1, TCN1, CAV1, ACMSD, HS3ST2, HS3ST5, AMN, ADRA2C, ACOXL) and constructed a prognostic model. Finally, through the screening of tumor-related immune metabolism genes, we obtained five hub genes (HMMR, PFKP, RRM2, TCN1 and TK1). Our qRT-PCR result also showed that RRM2 positively correlates with CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, CDK8.Conclusion: We conduct a comprehensive analysis of the immune infiltration of the tumor microenvironment of lung cancer, and finally determined RRM2 as a promising immune metabolism checkpoint for lung adenocarcinoma based on the high correlation of RRM2 with immune cells and CDK family.
Phase-State Dependent Silica Nanoparticle Uptake of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles
Authors: Kamenac Andrej , Sirch Manuel , Neidinger Simon , Westerhausen Christoph
Published: July 2021

We quantify endocytosis-like nanoparticle uptake of model membranes as a function of temperature and therefore phase state. As model membranes, we use giant unilamellar vesicles consisting of 1,2-dipentadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (15:0 PC). Time-series micrographs of the vesicle shrinkage show uptake rates that are a highly non-linear function of temperature. A global maximum appears close to the main structural phase transition at T = Tm + 3 K, and a minor peak at the pretransition T = Tp = 22 °C. The quality of the kinetics linear fits reveals a deviation from the linear trend at the vesicle shrinkage peaks. To further elucidate the origin of the shrinkage peak, we performed force spectroscopy on a supported lipid bilayer. The results indicate a collapse of the adhesion energy at the structural phase transition. Further using literature results on the bending modulus as function of temperature and Helfrich’s model, this allows us to make qualitative conclusions on the membrane tension as function of temperature.
Preparation and Performance Study of Anode Self-Humidifying Gas Diffusion Layer
Authors: Li Tianya , Zhou Ke , Lin Guangyi
Published: July 2021

Hydrogen is oxidized into H+ and e- on the anode side of fuel cell. H+ are transported from anode to cathode of fuel cell in the form of H3+O. When fuel cell is running under low humidity, the relatively small water content will reduce H+ transmission efficiency and causes an increase in ohmic impedance. In order to solve this problem, this paper prepared self-humidifying gas diffusion layer （GDL） by spraying method. The content of PTFE in the microporous layer (MPL) near carbon paper side is relatively high, and the content of PTFE in MPL near catalyst layer side is relatively low, thus forming MPL with graded hydrophobic structure. Since the MPL near catalyst layer side is relatively hydrophilic, it will condense into liquid water when external humidifying gas passes, thereby generating self-humidifying effect. Through research, self-humidifying GDL with double MPL structure can produce good self-humidification.
Management of elderly traumatic ankle arthritis with Ilizarov External Fixation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Jun , Wang Wenzhao , Li Bohua , Li Mingxin , Liu Lei
Published: July 2021

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of Ilizarov external fixation and ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of elderly traumatic ankle arthritis.Methods From June 2015 to August 2019, 72 patients with elderly traumatic ankle arthritis were treated with arthrodesis through Ilizarov external fixation technique in our institution, 38 cases were males and 34 cases were females, with an average of 65.4 years (ranging from 60 to 74). Conventional double-feet loading positive and lateral X ray films were taken before operation. Angle between the tibia anatomic axis and the line segment of inside and outside of talus vertex was measured to evaluate the degree of talipes varus and valgus. Functional assessments were performed using Foot and Ankle pain score of American Orthopedics Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) .Results All of the patients acquired effective postoperative 18-49 months follow-up, with an average of 31.5 months. All ankles achieved bony fusion, the clinical healing time was 12.7 weeks on average(11~18 weeks).The AOFAS score was 45.36±6.43 preoperatively and 80.25±9.16 at 12 months post operation, with a statistically significant difference(P<0.0001). The VAS score was 8.56±1.85 on average preoperatively and 2.72±0.83 at 12 months post operation, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.0001). The angle of anatomical tibial shaft and the line segment of inside and outside of talus vertex on X-ray image was 101.93°±4.12° preoperatively and 94.45°±2.37° at 12 months post operation, with a statistically significant difference(P<0.0001). The results of functional evaluation indicated that 44 patients(61.1%) had excellent results, 18 (25%) had good results, and 10 (13.9%) had fair results.Conclusion Satisfactory curative effect can be obtained through Ilizarov external fixation and ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of elderly traumatic ankle arthritis, while large sample randomized controlled trials are still needed.
Facile synthesis of N-doped graphene encapsulated Pd@N/C catalyst and its efficient application in cascade flow synthesis of amines
Authors: Liu Jianguo , Sun Jiangmin , Song Yanpei , Lin Shanshan , Ma Longlong
Published: July 2021

N-methylamines, as an important class of chemicals, crucial building blocks, have been widely used in pharmaceutical companies and materials synthesis. Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of N-methylamines, especially the heterogeneous catalyzed N-methylation of amines via different C1 sources has become the most promising methodology, due to the environmentally friendlier process and the recyclable and easily accessible catalysts. However, these reactions generally require activated toxic methyl iodide or dimethyl sulfoxide, and homogeneous catalysts or Raney nickel catalyst. The synthesis of amines still suffering from narrow scopes of amines, harsh reaction conditions, low selectivity of the desired products, and against the requirements of atomic economy and sustainable green environment. Herein, we developed a novel facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene encapsulated Pd@NC nanocatalysts. The resulting heterogeneous catalyst was active for the synthesis of amines (more than 83 examples, yield up to 99%). The nitrogen-doped effect was unlike the previous report that poisoned the metal, it could increase the interaction with the active metal resulting in excellent stability. As far as we know, for the first time, the developed N-doped graphene encapsulated Pd@NC nanocatalyst showed excellent stability and activity of amines synthesis in the 20 times’ recycling test, industrially applicable flow reactor 2880 minutes’ test, and 99% purity of primary amine and tertiary amines product preparation test. Moreover, we have also shown the high atomic economy and environmentally friendlier tandem flow synthesis of N, N-dimethylamine products via the combination of reduction of nitrobenzene and N-methylation of amines, using the single one Pd@NC nanocatalyst with H2O as the only by-product. Upon our knowledge, this is a novel example of primary amine and tertiary amine synthesis methodology with the combined cascade reaction and flow process of nitrobenzene reduction and primary amines N-methylation with a single heterogeneous catalyst.
Assessing the use of Hospital Information Systems (HIS) to support decision-making: A cross-sectional study in public hospitals in ​​Huila, sanitary region of southern Angola.
Authors: Sanjuluca Tomas Hambili , Correia Ricardo Cruz , de Almeida Anabela Antunes
Published: July 2021

Background

Some previous studies have reported that hospital medical assistance in Angola lacks efficiency. There is no production of information on health financing or even health spending that could help monitor equity. Hospital information systems (HIS) could be relevant tools to inform hospital managers, supporting better management decisions in healthcare and, consequently, increasing efficiency. Nonetheless, the effective use of these systems by hospital managers to support decision-making in Angola is unknown. This study aimed to analyze the use of HIS as a tool to support decision-making by hospital managers in Huila, Angola.
Methods

This is a descriptive–cross-sectional study that was inducted between July and September 2017 in seven hospitals in Huila Province, Angola, specifically in Lubango and Matala cities. Each hospital board included four to six managers (e.g., general, clinical, administrative, nursing, diagnostic and therapeutic, and teaching and training managers). Thirty-six members of the hospital boards filled on a self-questionnaire that consisted of twenty questions based on the following issues: characterization of the interviewee's profile; availability of information in the institution; quality and usefulness of the available operational information and satisfaction with the existing HIS. Perform data analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21.0
Results

At least ⅔ of the participants reported being unsatisfied or relatively satisfied with each of the HIS-specific features that were assessed. More than 50%have rarely or never used the health information system to support decision-making, and 47.2% have never noted audits performed in their institution. Only 25% of the participants considered that the HIS stored information was satisfactory to calculate the rate of service indicators.
Conclusion

Our study showed that most hospital managers don’t use hospital information systems as tools to support management-related decision-making in Angola. Improving the Hospital information systems, ability to compute adequate indicators, and providing training on HIS usage to hospital managers could be targets of future interventions to support better management-related decision-making in Angolan healthcare.
Disfunção craniocervicomandibular com sintomatologia vestibulococlear: relato de caso
Authors: Rossete Lohanna Karoline Rodrigues , Alencar Aréli Morais de Araújo , Vieira Myrian Salles , Cabral Lioney Nobre
Published: July 2021

A disfunção craniocervicomandibular envolve um conjunto de estruturas, incluindo a articulação temporomandibular, músculos da mastigação e do pescoço. As alterações vestibulococleares estão intimamente ligadas às disfunções musculares cervicais e mastigatórias por conta das proximidades anatômicas e sua fisiologia. Além delas, nesses casos também há presença de dores referidas (faciais, otalgias, cefaleias, periorbitais, etc), ruídos articulares, alterações da dinâmica mandibular, desvios, deflexões e restrição dos movimentos. Este trabalho apresentará um caso em paciente de 39 anos de idade, sexo feminino, com queixa de dores de cabeça, orelha, por trás dos olhos, zumbidos, estalidos articulares, deslocamento mandibular além de tontura/vertigem. Realizados anamnese, exames físicos e complementares, o diagnóstico foi de disfunção craniocervicomandibular com sintomatologia vestibulococlear, seguido do tratamento proposto, o qual consistiu em exercícios de fisioterapia e uso de dispositivo interoclusal, apresentando efetividade, com resolução do quadro doloroso, otológico e vestibular.
Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis: report of a rare and atypical case
Authors: Melzer Rafaela Savio , Milani Cintia Mussi , Sum Fernanda Noguez , Druszcz Rui Cesar de Bittencourt , Schussel Juliana Lucena
Published: July 2021

A Chronic Sclerosing Sialodenitis is a rare and benign lesion that preferentially affects a submandibular gland of male patients. Although its etiology is considered unknown, it is suggested that the secretion of IgG4 immunoglobulin may be useful for its manifestation. This pathology has specific clinical characteristics for malignant neoplasms of the salivary glands, where the recommended treatment is a surgical excision. The present study presents an atypical case of chronic sclerosing sialodenitis that involves a woman's soft palate, where there was a complete resolution of the clinical case, in which the conservative treatment was chosen by the use of medications.
Existe relação entre a prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular e a fase do curso durante a graduação?
Authors: Prates Antônio Marcos de Souza , Santos Edilaine Soares , Barros Fabiele Perpétua Chagas Sabatim , Morais Karolina Nunes Freitas , Lima Rachel Silva , Lima Valthierre Nunes de , Meorin Nogueira Lamis
Published: July 2021

Introdução: As desordens do complexo craniomandibular são caracterizadas por distúrbios musculoesqueléticos que estão intimamente ligados ao seu difícil diagnóstico, em virtude da etiologia multifatorial da disfunção temporomandibular. Objetivo: Averiguar a possível relação existente da prevalência de sintomatologia da disfunção temporomandibular em universitários com o período do curso, de acordo com as variáveis de grau da disfunção, período matriculado, gênero sexual e idade. Material e método: O estudo foi composto por 182 acadêmicos, na qualidade de voluntário, compreendidos do segundo ao décimo período, regularmente matriculados no 2o semestre do curso de Odontologia, no ano de 2019, em uma universidade privada de São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil. O questionário utilizado foi proposto pela Academia Americana de Dor Orofacial, contendo dez questões com respostas objetivas do tipo sim/não, acerca dos sintomas mais frequentes de dor orofacial e disfunção temporomandibular. O Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca foi utilizado para avaliar o grau de disfunção dos estudantes, com valor de 0 ou 10 pontos por questão, totalizando a somatória de até 100 pontos. Resultados: Os voluntários mais acometidos pela sintomatologia foram os presentes no oitavo e décimo período do curso, havendo menor prevalência nos integrantes do quarto período. Verificou-se que o gênero feminino obteve maior prevalência de sintomatologia quando comparado ao masculino, com faixa etária de 18 a 47 anos de idade. Conclusão: A prevalência da sintomatologia de disfunção temporomandibular em universitários parece ter relação à época do curso, pois os estudantes matriculados nos estágios finais do curso demonstraram maior predomínio de disfunção temporomandibular.
Influência da anquiloglossia neonatal no aleitamento materno: revisão de literatura
Authors: Maciel Ytalo Lourenço , Silva Sobrinho Adriano Referino da , Medrado Juliana de Godoy Bezerra
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Anomalia de desenvolvimento lingual, a anquiloglossia é caracterizada pela inserção atípica do frênulo lingual. Tal condição causa um impedimento na correta movimentação da língua e prejuízos a diversas áreas do sistema estomatognático. Objetivo: Realizar uma busca na literatura acerca das características da anquiloglossia neonatal e suas repercussões no sistema estomatognático que influenciam no aleitamento materno. Material e Método: Foram utilizados artigos disponíveis nas bases de dados PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), publicados nos idiomas inglês e português e publicados entre os anos de 2009 a 2019. Resultados: Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 11 estudos. A anquiloglossia é uma é bastante estudada pela literatura, porém sua relação com o aleitamento materno ainda causa controvérsias entre alguns autores. Conclusão: A literatura aponta a influência sobre o freio lingual e sua implicação na nutrição nutritiva do lactente. Porém, mais parâmetros e estudos longitudinais para obter dados concisos acerca do correto diagnóstico e momento de tratamento desses bebês, ainda são necessários.
Análise da oferta da Disciplina de Fitoterapia nos Cursos de Odontologia do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Medeiros Jessika Paiva , Alencar Josilanny Araújo de Souza , Tavares André Higor dos Santos , Castro Débora Laís de Sousa , Cipriano Olga Batista , Penha Elizandra Silva , Oliveira Filho Abrahão Alves de
Published: July 2021

Introdução: As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os cursos de graduação em Odontologia permite a formação de profissionais éticos, humanos, reflexivos e que possam compreender a realidade da localidade em que estão inseridos. Dessa forma, a implementação do componente curricular de Fitoterapia aplicada à Odontologia e afins se faz necessário, uma vez que muitos cirurgiões dentistas não aderem a essa terapêutica por não possuírem conhecimento suficiente. Objetivo: O presente trabalho verificou a presença da disciplina de Fitoterapia na matriz curricular dos cursos de Odontologia nas universidades da região Nordeste do Brasil. Material e Métodos: Trata – se de um estudo do tipo descritivo, segundo dados coletados no site eletrônico do Ministério da Educação (MEC). Esse permitiu a análise de todos os sites dos cursos de Odontologia das Instituições de Ensino Superior da região Nordeste do Brasil. O objeto de estudo compreendeu 157 universidades, entretanto após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve- se uma amostra de 69 universidades. Resultados: Do total de universidades que apresentaram matriz curricular completa em seus sítios eletrônicos, apenas 04 (5,80 %) disponibilizaram a Fitoterapia como disciplina, já as outras 65 (94,20 %) não ofertaram o componente curricular em questão. Conclusão: Por intermédio dos resultados obtidos, foram encontrados um número escasso de universidades tanto públicas como privadas que oferecem a disciplina de fitoterapia no Nordeste.
Impacto da depressão na condição bucal de pacientes portadores de síndrome metabólica: um estudo preliminar
Authors: Pinto Ana Carolina da Silva , Tinós Adriana Maria Fuzer Grael , Orenha Eliel Soares , Sales-Peres Sílvia Helena de Carvalho
Published: July 2021

A Síndrome metabólica (SM) é um conjunto de anormalidades metabólicas, antropométricas e hemodinâmicas. Avaliou-se cárie dentária e periodontite em obesos mórbidos com SM e depressão. Este estudo transversal e analítico foi composto por 56 pacientes divididos em 2 grupos: SM sem depressão (GSD=34) e SM com depressão (GCD =22). Utilizaram-se os índices ICDAS e CPOD para avaliar cárie dentária e o critério do CDC Periodontal Disease Surveillance Workgroup para periodontite. Na análise estatística utilizou-se: distribuição de Poisson, função Log de ligação e Regressão Logística Múltipla com distribuição binomial. Não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à cárie dentária e periodontite. Conclui-se que pacientes com SM com ou sem depressão não apresentam diferenças significativas para cárie dentária e periodontite. Entretanto, pacientes com SM e depressão apresentaram maior perda dentária (p=0,0388). Novos estudos deverão investigar a relação entre SM, depressão e perda dentária.
Exodontia atraumática por meio da piezocirurgia em tratamento de erupção ectópica em seio maxilar: relato de caso
Authors: Rocha Layla Louise de Amorim , Rodrigues Matheus Francisco Barros , Barbosa Iana Maria Gomes , Acyoli Rodrigo da França , Carvalho Daniel do Carmo , Souza Dennis Dinelly de
Published: July 2021

Erupção dentária ectópica pode resultar devido processo patológico, distúrbio do desenvolvimento ou atividade iatrogênica. Elementos dentário ectópicos podem ser encontrados em região de palato, região de seio maxilar, côndilo mandibular, processo coronóide, cavidades orbitais e nasais. A justificativa desse estudo dar-se pelo fato de que falha no tratamento de elementos dentários não irrompidos pode levar à reabsorção externa dos dentes adjacentes, problemas estéticos, arcos dentários encurtados e aumento da formação de cistos foliculares e infecções recorrentes. Nesse âmbito, o objetivo desse estudo é realizar um relato de caso de tratamento de elemento dentário ectópico em região de seio maxilar por meio da piezocirurgia. Paciente do sexo feminino, 16 anos, compareceu ao consultório odontológico com queixas álgicas. Ao exame clínico foi possível observar a ausência do elemento dentário 13. Nos exames de imagem foi possível observar uma erupção dentária ectópica em região de parede anterior de seio maxilar, com parte do elemento dentário incluso em seio. O tratamento instituído foi de remoção cirúrgica do dente por meio da técnica atraumática de piezocirurgia. O tratamento cirúrgico de um elemento impactado requer técnicas de osteotomia e odontossecção que, por si só, causam danos aos tecidos. No entanto, a cirurgia assistida por piezocirurgia é útil para minimizar os traumas na região. Pode-se concluir que a abordagem de remoção cirúrgica do elemento ectópico em seio maxilar foi satisfatória para resolução do quadro.
A influência da atividade física na doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica
Authors: Gomes Raphaella Maria Oliveira Pereira , Noronha Victor Fernando Costa Macedo , Carvalho Gabriel Ponciano Santos de , Fontes Ana Amélia Barreto , Lima Sônia Oliveira , Jesus Joseane Barbosa de , Cruz Mário Augusto Ferreira , Alves Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini , Cruz Josilda Ferreira
Published: July 2021

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi associar a presença de esteatose hepática não alcoólica diagnosticada pela ultrassonografia (USG) com os níveis de atividade física. Estudo clínico, prospectivo, tipo survey, com dados coletados em um centro de referência em USG. A coleta de dados foi dividida em três etapas: aplicação de questionários, tendo destaque o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) em sua versão curta; aferição das medidas antropométricas e exame de USG abdominal. A análise estatística foi realizada através do software R, versão 3.6.1. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Foram analisados 119 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 70 anos e 06 atenderam aos critérios de exclusão. Demonstrou-se que 59,29% dos pacientes apresentavam o diagnóstico de esteatose hepática não alcoólica. Destes, 59,7% eram sedentários. Concluiu-se que a inatividade física apresentou associação significativa com a presença da infiltração gordurosa no fígado.
Lactoferrin: properties and application. A review
Authors: Bobreneva I. V. , Rokhlova M. V.
Published: July 2021

The current state, prospects for using and priorities in studying multifunctional protein lactoferrin (LF) in the food industry are discussed. Over the last decades, the studies of iron-binding, antibacterial, antiviral and antiparasitic properties of this representative of transferrins have determined quite a wide sphere of its use. The data on the lactoferrin composition, structure and activity are presented. The authors describe the modern methods for lactoferrin extraction and production from dairy raw materials both in the domestic and foreign productions using chromatographic methods for extraction and membrane methods for production. The practical experience in its application for food production, in particular, for meat and fermented dairy products, child and sports nutrition is discussed. An effect of technological process parameters in food production on the LF activity is highlighted. The study analyses an influence of new processing technologies such as high pressure or pulsed electric field in combination with classic methods for thermal processing and drying on the structure and activity of lactoferrin in food. The reviewed studies show that the use of lactoferrin in the meat industry, especially, in finished meat products, has limitations. The data presented in the review suggest a need for searching ways of lactoferrin introduction into meat systems to obtain functional products. One of the top-priority method for LF incorporation into meat products is LF encapsulation as one of the production stages.
Methods for nonparametric statistics in scientific research. Overview. Part 1.
Authors: Nikitina M. A. , Chernukna I. M.
Published: July 2021

Daily, researcher faces the need to compare two or more observation groups obtained under different conditions in order to confirm or argue against a scientific hypothesis. At this stage, it is necessary to choose the right method for statistical analysis. If the statistical prerequisites are not met, it is advisable to choose nonparametric analysis. Statistical analysis consists of two stages: estimating model parameters and testing statistical hypotheses. After that, the interpretation of the mathematical processing results in the context of the research object is mandatory. The article provides an overview of two groups of nonparametric tests: 1) to identify differences in indicator distribution; 2) to assess shift reliability in the values of the studied indicator. The first group includes: 1) Rosenbaum Q-test, which is used to assess the differences by the level of any quantified indicator between two unrelated samplings; 2) Mann-Whitney U-test, which is required to test the statistical homogeneity hypothesis of two unrelated samplings, i. e. to assess the differences by the level of any quantified indicator between two samplings. The second group includes sign G-test and Wilcoxon T-test intended to determine the shift reliability of the related samplings, for example, when measuring the indicator in the same group of subjects before and after some exposure. Examples are given; step-by-step application of each test is described. The first part of the article describes simple nonparametric methods. The second part describes nonparametric tests for testing hypotheses of distribution type (Pearson’s chi-squared test, Kolmogorov test) and nonparametric tests for testing hypotheses of sampling homogeneity (Pearson’s chi-squared test for testing sampling homogeneity, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test).
Chicken egg white — characteristics of its properties and the prospects for functional foods development
Authors: Stefanova I. L. , Klimenkova A. Yu. , Shakhnazarova L. V. , Mazo V. K.
Published: July 2021

The overview presents the literature data and the results of our own research on prospects of using the chicken eggs as the basis of functional foods. The composition of chicken eggs and their components, characteristics of egg white proteins properties are presented thereto. The biologically active compounds included into egg composition are analyzed. The data on the biological value of egg white are given. The characteristic of egg white foaming ability is presented. It has been shown that the ability of proteins to form stable intermolecular structures, especially with partially denaturated proteins, allows them forming viscoelastic superficial films that ensure foam stability. The high foaming ability of chicken egg protein macromolecules is directly related to their interphase properties, i. e. the ability to form interphase layers at the “liquid —  gas” interface. The foaming properties of the various egg proteins are not equal, and therefore they contribute to foaming properties at various extents. The model of egg white proteins gelation is considered and the factors influencing the gelation process are described. It has been shown that very important changes in proteins properties are caused by denaturation. The proteins lose their ability to hydrate; the protective aqueous shell around the globules disappears, the proteins stick together, grow larger and lose solubility. This process is called coagulation. The influence of denaturation and aggregation on variations of protein properties is described below. Data on protein fortification with functional ingredients (calcium, iodine, plant polyphenols) and creation of functional egg and meat foods are presented here.