bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New data on the marine Upper Triassic palaeobiota from the Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte in Austria
Authors: Lukeneder Alexander , Lukeneder Petra
Published: June 2023

Here we report new data on the Upper Triassic Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte in the Northern Calcarous Alps of Lower Austria. We examined new fossil material obtained from bed-by-bed collections of the well-laminated Reingraben Shales. Over 5290 new fossils of various marine taxa were collected within the fossiliferous layers from the Early Carnian (Julian 2 Ib, Austrotrachyceras austriacum Zone). The newly collected assemblage comprises ammonoids (Austrotrachyceras, Paratrachyceras, Carnites, Simonyceras), belemnoids (Phragmoteuthis, Lunzoteuthis), bivalves (Halobia, div. indet taxa), gastropods (caenogastropods/heterobranchs), thylacocephalan arthropods (Austriocaris, Atropicaris), crustaceans (the decapod Platychela and isopods Obtusotelson, Discosalaputium), branchiopods (Euestheria), polychaetes (Palaeoaphrodite sp. and an unidentified eunicid polychaete), acytinopterygians (Saurichthys, Polzbergia, Peltopleurus, Habroichthys), cartilaginous fishes (Acrodus), coelacanth fish (“Coelacanthus”), a lungfish (Tellerodus), and numerous conodont clusters (Mosherella). Bromalites (coprolites and regurgitalites) produced by piscivorous actinopterygians and durophagous fish accompany the Polzberg palaeobiota along with rare plant remains (Voltzia, div. indet plants). Based on new findings the palaeobiota characterises an intermittent colonisation by abundant benthic halobiid bivalves and a predator-dominated (fish, belemnoids) nektic community. The prerequisites for high-quality preservation—calm and oxygen-depleted conditions—prevailed at the sea floor of the Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte. Normal marine conditions prevail in the Reifling Basin, occasionally interrupted by freshwater influx. New in situ findings of benthic and nektic taxa highlight the great value of the unique Polzberg palaeobiota and the autochthonous deposition of the inhabitants within the palaeohabitat. The fauna and flora from the Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte, deposited during the Carnian Pluvial Episode or Carnian Wet Intermezzo, points to a carbonate platform decline followed by the deposition of laminated deposits in warmer and wetter conditions.
Optimal distribution-free concentration for the log-likelihood function of Bernoulli variables
Authors: Ren Zhonggui
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to establish distribution-free concentration inequalities for the log-likelihood function of Bernoulli variables, which means that the tail bounds are independent of the parameters. Moreover, Bernstein’s and Bennett’s inequalities with optimal constants are obtained. The simulation study shows significant improvements over the previous results.
EIF4A3-induced Circ_0001187 facilitates AML suppression through promoting ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of METTL3 and decreasing m6A modification level mediated by miR-499a-5p/RNF113A pathway
Authors: Yang Xinyu , Han Fengjiao , Hu Xiang , Li Guosheng , Wu Hanyang , Can Can , Wei Yihong , Liu Jinting , Wang Ruiqing , Jia Wenbo , ji Chunyan , Ma Daoxin
Published: June 2023

Aberrant expression of circRNAs has been proven to play a crucial role in the progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we identified a novel circRNA, Circ_0001187, which is downregulated in AML patients, and its low level contributes to a poor prognosis. We further validated their expression in large-scale samples and found that only the expression of Circ_0001187 was significantly decreased in newly diagnosed (ND) AML patients and increased in patients with hematological complete remission (HCR) compared with controls. Knockdown of Circ_0001187 significantly promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of AML cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas overexpression of Circ _0001187 exerted the opposite effects. Interestingly, we found that Circ_0001187 decreases mRNA m6A modification in AML cells by enhancing METTL3 protein degradation. Mechanistically, Circ_0001187 sponges miR-499a-5p to enhance the expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF113A, which mediates METTL3 ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation via K48-linked polyubiquitin chains. Moreover, we found that the low expression of Circ _0001187 is regulated by promoter DNA methylation and histone acetylation. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential clinical implications of Circ _0001187 as a key tumor suppressor in AML via the miR-499a-5p/RNF113A/METTL3 pathway.
Oncofetal protein IGF2BPs in human cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Authors: Zhu Tian-Yu , Hong Lian-Lian , Ling Zhi-Qiang
Published: June 2023

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent and well-characterized internal chemical modification in eukaryotic RNA, influencing gene expression and phenotypic changes by controlling RNA fate. Insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs) preferentially function as m6A effector proteins, promoting stability and translation of m6A-modified RNAs. IGF2BPs, particularly IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP3, are widely recognized as oncofetal proteins predominantly expressed in cancer rather than normal tissues, playing a critical role in tumor initiation and progression. Consequently, IGF2BPs hold potential for clinical applications and serve as a good choice for targeted treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss the functions and mechanisms of IGF2BPs as m6A readers and explore the therapeutic potential of targeting IGF2BPs in human cancer.
Divergent migration routes reveal contrasting energy-minimization strategies to deal with differing resource predictability
Authors: Shuert Courtney R. , Hussey Nigel E. , Marcoux Marianne , Heide-Jørgensen Mads Peter , Dietz Rune , Auger-Méthé Marie
Published: June 2023

Background

Seasonal long-distance movements are a common feature in many taxa allowing animals to deal with seasonal habitats and life-history demands. Many species use different strategies to prioritize time- or energy-minimization, sometimes employing stop-over behaviours to offset the physiological burden of the directed movement associated with migratory behaviour. Migratory strategies are often limited by life-history and environmental constraints, but can also be modulated by the predictability of resources en route. While theory on population-wide strategies (e.g. energy-minimization) are well studied, there are increasing evidence for individual-level variation in movement patterns indicative of finer scale differences in migration strategies.

Methods

We aimed to explore sources of individual variation in migration strategies for long-distance migrators using satellite telemetry location data from 41 narwhal spanning a 21-year period. Specifically, we aimed to determine and define the long-distance movement strategies adopted and how environmental variables may modulate these movements. Fine-scale movement behaviours were characterized using move-persistence models, where changes in move-persistence, highlighting autocorrelation in a movement trajectory, were evaluated against potential modulating environmental covariates. Areas of low move-persistence, indicative of area-restricted search-type behaviours, were deemed to indicate evidence of stop-overs along the migratory route.

Results

Here, we demonstrate two divergent migratory tactics to maintain a similar overall energy-minimization strategy within a single population of narwhal. Narwhal migrating offshore exhibited more tortuous movement trajectories overall with no evidence of spatially-consistent stop-over locations across individuals. Nearshore migrating narwhal undertook more directed routes, contrasted by spatially-explicit stop-over behaviour in highly-productive fjord and canyon systems along the coast of Baffin Island for periods of several days to several weeks.

Conclusions

Within a single population, divergent migratory tactics can achieve a similar overall energy-minimizing strategy within a species as a response to differing trade-offs between predictable and unpredictable resources. Our methodological approach, which revealed the modulators of fine-scale migratory movements and predicted regional stop-over sites, is widely applicable to a variety of other aquatic and terrestrial species. Quantifying marine migration strategies will be key for adaptive conservation in the face of climate change and ever increasing human pressures.
CaCl2–HCl electrolyzed water promotes glucosinolate metabolism in broccoli sprouts via calcium signalling
Authors: Li Cui , Song Shuhui , He Yanan , Han Siyu , Liu Haijie
Published: June 2023

Background

Electrolyzed water, a green chemistry invention, is a novel disinfectant that has been widely used in the food field. Previous studies have found that slightly acidic electrolyzed water not only has a bactericidal effect but also promotes the accumulation of active substances in many types of sprouts. We developed a new type of electrolyzed water, CaCl2–HCl electrolyzed water (CHEW), which can effectively enhance the formation of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates in broccoli sprouts. The molecular mechanism by which CaCl2–HCl electrolyzed water promotes glucosinolate metabolism in broccoli sprouts during growth was investigated in this study.

Results

On the 4th day, the total glucosinolate content in broccoli sprouts reached 195.50 μmol/g DW under CHEW treatment. On the 8th day, compared to treatment with tap water, the contents of three isothiocyanates (sulforaphane, erucin, and 4-isothiocyanato-1-butene) in broccoli sprouts under CHEW treatment were significantly increased by 45.93, 34.04 and 185.15%, respectively. The results of calcium distribution and qRT‒PCR assessments indicated that CHEW treatment activated calcium signalling in broccoli sprouts and promoted the relative expression of glucosinolate biosynthesis-related genes through calcium sensors [calmodulin (CaM), calmodulin-like protein (CML), and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK)] and the calcium-binding nuclear protein IQD1.

Conclusion

Our research provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of glucosinolate metabolism and a theoretical basis for cultivating high-quality broccoli sprouts.

Graphical Abstract
Choroidal vasculature act as predictive biomarkers of long-term ocular elongation in myopic children treated with orthokeratology: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Hao , Peng Tianli , Zhou Weihe , Huang Zihan , Li Hongyu , Wang Tengfei , Zhang Jingwei , Zhang Kou , Li Haoer , Zhao Yunpeng , Qu Jia , Lu Fan , Zhou Xiangtian , Jiang Jun
Published: June 2023

Background

Despite receiving orthokeratology (ortho-k), the efficacy of retarding ocular elongation during myopia varies among myopic children. The current study aimed to investigate the early changes of choroidal vasculature at one month after ortho-k treatment and its association with one-year ocular elongation, as well as the role of such choroidal responses in predicting the one-year control efficacy of ortho-k treatment.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted in myopic children treated with ortho-k. Myopic children aged between 8 and 12 years who were willing to wear ortho-k lenses were recruited consecutively from the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), submacular total choroidal luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), choroidal vascularity index (CVI), choriocapillaris flow deficit (CcFD) were evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography over a one-year period.

Results

Fifty eyes from 50 participants (24 males) who finished one-year follow-ups as scheduled were included, with a mean age of 10.31 ± 1.45 years. The one-year ocular elongation was 0.19 ± 0.17 mm. The LA (0.03 ± 0.07 mm2), SA (0.02 ± 0.05 mm2) increased proportionally after one-month of ortho-k wear (both P < 0.01), as did the SFCT (10.62 ± 19.98 μm, P < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression analyses showed that baseline CVI (β = − 0.023 mm/1%, 95% CI: − 0.036 to − 0.010), one-month LA change (β = − 0.009 mm/0.01 mm2, 95% CI: − 0.014 to − 0.003), one-month SFCT change (β = − 0.035 mm/10 µm, 95% CI: − 0.053 to − 0.017) were independently associated with one-year ocular elongation during ortho-k treatment after adjusting with age and sex (all P < 0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of prediction model including baseline CVI, one-month SFCT change, age, and sex achieved 0.872 (95% CI: 0.771 to 0.973) for discriminating children with slow or fast ocular elongation.

Conclusions

Choroidal vasculature is associated with ocular elongation during ortho-k treatment. Ortho-k treatment induces increases in choroidal vascularity and choroidal thickness as early as one month. Such early changes can act as predictive biomarkers of myopia control efficacy over a long term. The utilization of these biomarkers may help clinicians identify children who can benefit from ortho-k treatment, and thus has critical implications for the management strategies towards myopia control.
Multiple-choice quizzes improve memory for misinformation debunks, but do not reduce belief in misinformation
Authors: Collier Jessica R. , Pillai Raunak M. , Fazio Lisa K.
Published: June 2023

Fact-checkers want people to both read and remember their misinformation debunks. Retrieval practice is one way to increase memory, thus multiple-choice quizzes may be a useful tool for fact-checkers. We tested whether exposure to quizzes improved people’s accuracy ratings for fact-checked claims and their memory for specific information within a fact check. Across three experiments, 1551 US-based online participants viewed fact checks (either health- or politics-related) with or without a quiz. Overall, the fact checks were effective, and participants were more accurate in rating the claims after exposure. In addition, quizzes improved participants’ memory for the details of the fact checks, even 1 week later. However, that increased memory did not lead to more accurate beliefs. Participants’ accuracy ratings were similar in the quiz and no-quiz conditions. Multiple-choice quizzes can be a useful tool for increasing memory, but there is a disconnect between memory and belief.
Clinical and paraclinical predictors of early neurological deterioration and poor outcome in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Amer Hanan Abdallah , El-Jaafary Shaimaa Ibrahim Mohamed , Sadek Hadeer Mohammed Abd El-Aziz , Fouad Amr Mohamed , Mohammed Shaimaa Shaheen
Published: June 2023

Background

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is the second most common form of stroke. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Several clinical and radiological parameters are related to its poor outcome. The aim of this study is to elucidate the clinical, laboratory, and radiological factors associated with early neurological deterioration and poor outcome in patients with ICH.

Results

seventy patients diagnosed with sICH were evaluated within the first 72 h from the onset of symptoms by Clinical, radiological, and laboratory parameters. Patients were assessed for early neurological deterioration (END) during the hospital stay (up to 7 days from admission) using Glasgow coma scale (GSC), and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and within 3 months from stroke onset using modified Rankin scale (mRS). ICH score and Functional Outcome in Patients with Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage (FUNC) Score were calculated for prognostication. 27.1% and 71.42% of patients had END and showed unfavorable outcome, respectively. Clinical indices, as NIHSS > 7 on admission and age > 51 years, radiological characteristics, as large hematoma size, leukoaraiosis, and mass effect detected on CT scan, as well as serum biomarkers; serum urea level > 50 mg/dL, high neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio on admission, high ALT and AST, as well as low total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels, all were significantly associated with poor outcome in the patients. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis found the presence of aspiration to be an independent predictor of END, and the scores of NIHSS > 7 on admission, age > 51 years, and urea level > 50 mg/dL were independent predictors of poor outcome.

Conclusions

There are several predictors for END as well as poor outcome in ICH. Some are clinical, others are radiological and laboratory. Aspiration was an independent predictor of END during hospital stay (3–7 days) in patients with ICH, while older age, high NIHSS and urea level on admission were independent predictors of poor outcome.
Use of a real-time PCR method to quantify the primary infection of Plasmopara viticola in commercial vineyards
Authors: Yang Lujia , Chu Bingyao , Deng Jie , Yuan Kai , Sun Qiuyu , Jiang Caige , Ma Zhanhong
Published: June 2023

Grapevine downy mildew (GDM) caused by Plasmopara viticola is a recurrent disease of wine grapes in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Ningxia) of northwestern China. However, the primary infectious pathogen in this region has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, a multiplex real-time PCR assay was utilized to quantify P. viticola in soil, leaf residues, and asymptomatic leaf samples from ten commercial vineyards in two consecutive years to better understand the epidemiological significance of overwintering primary inoculum and its inoculum potential before the appearance of the first visual GDM symptoms. The DNA primers and multiplex real-time PCR assays that had been established exhibited specificity towards P. viticola within the test samples. The majority of the asymptomatic leaves (60%), leaf residues (80%), and soil samples (100%) tested positive for P. viticola. In addition, the amount of primary inoculum of P. viticola was found to be lower in soil than in leaf residues. The area under the disease progress curve in terms of the molecular disease index (AUDPC-MDI) was used to evaluate the overall latent P. viticola infection in asymptomatic leaves. Asymptomatic leaves were found to have different levels of P. viticola infection, and high AUDPC-MDIs correlated with a high AUDPC in terms of disease index (AUDPC-DI), with a significant correlation relationship between them (P < 0.01). Additionally, a well-correlated relationship was observed between the disease progress in the previous year and the MDIs of leaf residues and asymptomatic leaves in the following year, as well as the AUDPC-DI (Spearman’s correlation coefficient ρ = 0.643, 0.498, and 0.595, respectively) (P < 0.01). These findings provide valuable information for quantifying the primary infection of P. viticola in commercial vineyards.
Protein characteristics, amino acid profile, health benefits and methods of extraction and isolation of proteins from some pseudocereals—a review
Authors: Rao Vasundhara , Poonia Amrita
Published: June 2023

Pseudocereals are the seeds or fruits of non-grass species that can be consumed similarly to cereals. Most commonly used pseudocereals are amaranth, quinoa, buckwheat, chia, album and wattleseeds. These underutilized pseudocereals are good source of essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, flavonoids and minerals. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has identified many plants as under-utilized, which can significantly contribute for improving nutrition and health, enhance food basket and livelihoods, future food security and sustainable development. They are reported to have anti-cancerous, cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, anti-obesity and antioxidant properties. This review paper portray major pseudocereals with their amino acid composition, methods of extraction and isolation of proteins, effect of processing on the quality of protein and nutritional profile and various health benefits.

Graphical Abstract
Epidemiology of benign paroxysomal positional vertigo (BPPV) and risk factors for secondary BPPV: a population-based study
Authors: Ghosh Anirban , Dorasala Srinivas
Published: June 2023

Background

BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo) is a disorder that causes sudden, spinning sensation for few seconds with specific head movements. Of all disorders of inner ear that causes dizziness, BPPP is the most common one. To understand this disorder, we conducted a retrospective study at a tertiary care ENT hospital in Eastern India.

Aims and objectives

1. To know the incidence of BPPV among all vertigo patients.

2.  To know the age-sex distribution of BPPV.

3. To identify secondary causes of BPPV and their prevalence.

4.  To know the incidence of different canal BPPVs.

5.  To ascertain the treatment outcome of different particle repositioning maneuvers in BPPV.

Methods

Total 575 patients presented to the vertigo clinic from 15 September 2018 to 21 March 2022. Out of them 151 patients (26.6%) were diagnosed with BPPV by proper history taking, clinical examination including provocative tests. They were treated with appropriate particle repositioning maneuvers (PRM). Patients were followed for mean 6 months and results were analyzed.

Results and analysis

Of all vertigo patients, BPPV constitutes 26.6% of cases, making it most common cause of peripheral vertigo. It commonly affects 40–60 years of age group with equal sex predilection. Eighty-three percent of cases were idiopathic, secondary causes include vestibular migraine, Meniere’s disease, labyrinthitis, and orthostatic hypotension. Posterior canal was most commonly affected (74%), followed by lateral and anterior canal. Particle repositioning maneuver (PRM) cures 96% of all BPPV patients (75% needs only one PRM, 15% requires the second one) with overall success rate of 96% after 6 months of follow-up.

Conclusion

BPPV is the most common cause of peripheral vertigo. One has to understand the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of vestibular system to provide better patient care in these patients. Particle repositioning maneuver (PRM) is the treatment for BPPV.
Multilayered regulation of secondary metabolism in medicinal plants
Authors: Zhao Yan , Liu Guanze , Yang Feng , Liang Yanli , Gao Qingqing , Xiang Chunfan , Li Xia , Yang Run , Zhang Guanghui , Jiang Huifeng , Yu Lei , Yang Shengchao
Published: June 2023

Medicinal plants represent a huge reservoir of secondary metabolites (SMs), substances with significant pharmaceutical and industrial potential. However, obtaining secondary metabolites remains a challenge due to their low-yield accumulation in medicinal plants; moreover, these secondary metabolites are produced through tightly coordinated pathways involving many spatiotemporally and environmentally regulated steps. The first regulatory layer involves a complex network of transcription factors; a second, more recently discovered layer of complexity in the regulation of SMs is epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and small RNA-based mechanisms, which can jointly or separately influence secondary metabolites by regulating gene expression. Here, we summarize the findings in the fields of genetic and epigenetic regulation with a special emphasis on SMs in medicinal plants, providing a new perspective on the multiple layers of regulation of gene expression.

Graphical Abstract
Transgender Rights and Religiosities in India
Authors: Nagar Ila , DasGupta Debanuj
Published: June 2023

This article argues that religious mythologies and cultural narratives about the timelessness of gender diversity in South Asia frame the formation of the transgender subject of rights in India. The authors interrogate a verdict issued by the Supreme Court of India in 2014 and the Transgender Person Bill of Rights (2018) to ascertain the frames of recognition accorded diverse transgender communities in India. This is followed by an analysis of the category of eunuch created and criminalized by British colonizers and the present-day category of transgender based on self-affirmation of gender. The conflating of religious mythologies into deliberations about transgender constitutional rights reveals how the supposedly secular rights – based claims of and for transgender communities are mediated through a predominantly Hindu Brahmanical imagination of the rights-bearing transgender subject. The authors examine autobiographical narratives by three prominent transgender rights activists in India: Laxmi Narayan Tripathi, Living Smile Vidya, and A. Revathi, who provide conflicting visions about the role of religion and state recognition of transgender identities. The authors argue the need for theorizing transgender subjectivities from non-Brahman, Dalit, transmasculine, and non – North Indian perspectives. Such theorizations reveal the potential of coalitional transgender activisms that seek to disrupt Hindu-nationalist hailing of the transgender subject of rights in contemporary India. The authors offer new directions in transgender studies by showing how religious narratives, ritual and performance lie at the heart of transgender subject formation while gesturing toward how such formation risks subsuming transgender identities within (Hindu) nationalist projects.
Mitophagy and long-term neuronal homeostasis
Authors: Markaki Maria , Tsagkari Dikaia , Tavernarakis Nektarios
Published: June 2023

Neurons are highly polarized, post-mitotic cells that are characterized by unique morphological diversity and complexity. As highly differentiated cells that need to survive throughout organismal lifespan, neurons face exceptional energy challenges in time and space. Therefore, neurons are heavily dependent on a healthy mitochondrial network for their proper function and maintenance under both physiological and stress conditions. Multiple quality control systems have evolved to fine-tune mitochondrial number and quality, thus preserving neuronal energy homeostasis. Here, we review the contribution of mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy that targets dysfunctional or superfluous mitochondria for degradation, in maintaining nervous system homeostasis. In addition, we discuss recent evidence implicating defective or dysregulated mitophagy in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
Tackling “half” of the non-communicable disease burden in Bangladesh: a diagonal service delivery model with a life-course approach
Authors: Sheikh Sifat Parveen , Abdullah Abu Sayeed MD
Published: June 2023

In the context of increasing morbidity and mortality due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) globally and particularly in low-resource countries, it has become important to explore newer health systems delivery models. In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) women traditionally challenged with multiple barriers in accessing health services, are at even greater disadvantage compared to men. In Bangladesh, women constitute almost half of the country’s population and are disproportionately affected by NCDs like other LMICs. The country’s reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (RMNCAH) services are well established and designed to reach women in their households through community health workers (CHWs). This paper discusses how NCDs screening and control measures could be integrated into the existing RMNCAH pathway and proposes a conceptual model for such diagonal service delivery integration. The paper also describes multiple RMNCAH service delivery touchpoints that could be utilized for screening and treating women for NCD risk factors, across their life-course.
The end of ‘mini-brains’! Responsible communication of cerebral organoid research
Authors: Bassil Katherine
Published: June 2023

Recent developments in cerebral organoid research have sparked widespread interest among the public and scientific communities alike. However, sensationalism and oversimplification of scientific findings in media coverage can lead to false hope, misinformation, and public distrust in science. This opinion article argues that responsible reporting on cerebral organoid research is not only an ethical imperative, but also critical for advancing the field and maintaining public engagement and trust in science. By examining the negative impacts of oversimplification and sensationalism, the article calls for a more responsible and nuanced approach to science communication. The article also highlights the role and responsibility of various stakeholders, including science communicators, journalists, media outlets, scientists, and ethicists, in promoting ethical communication and ensuring that the public is adequately informed about the scientific and ethical implications of cerebral organoid research.
A Theory of Quantum Instruments
Authors: Gudder Stan
Published: June 2023

Until recently, a quantum instrument was defined to be a completely positive operation-valued measure from the set of states on a Hilbert space to itself. In the last few years, this definition has been generalized to such measures between sets of states from different Hilbert spaces called the input and output Hilbert spaces. This article presents a theory of such instruments. Ways that instruments can be combined such as convex combinations, post-processing, sequential products, tensor products and conditioning are studied. We also consider marginal, reduced instruments and how these are used to define coexistence (compatibility) of instruments. Finally, we present a brief introduction to quantum measurement models where the generalization of instruments is essential. Many of the concepts of the theory are illustrated by examples. In particular, we discuss Holevo and Kraus instruments.Quanta 2023; 12: 27–40.
MOJA PEDAGOGIKA – ZARYS IDEI
Authors: Szulz Roman
Published: June 2023

Tekst zawiera: a) prezentację autorskiej idei pedagogiki; b) określenie specyfikiosobistego wkładu autora w rozwój pedagogiki. Pedagogika zostaje zdefiniowanai scharakteryzowana jako część składowa oraz narzędzie systemuedukacyjnego. Specyfika autorskiego wkładu w rozwój pedagogiki to ukazaniemożliwości zastosowania perspektywy antropologicznej w budowie światopoglądowychpodstaw wychowania.
Ecological hazard, typology, morphometry and quantity of waste dumps of coal mines in Ukraine
Authors: Zubov Anton , Zubov Aleksei` , Zubova Liliya
Published: June 2023

As a result of coal mining, a large number of waste rock dumps have been created on the earth's surface around the world. As a result of deflation and water erosion of the dump surface, extensive contamination of the soil cover of agricultural land with heavy metals occurs, threatening the food security of many countries. The article proposes a method for determining the area of potentially contaminated land in coal-mining regions. The area of such land in Ukraine has been estimated. A scheme for the dispersion of pollutants from waste dumps is proposed, which makes it possible to identify four types of polluted areas. Using the Google Earth service, the exact modern number of dumps in the Donetsk coal basin (Donbass) as a whole (1600) and separately in its western, central and eastern parts was determined. The average height, the average and total area of the base and surface, and the forest cover of the dumps in the Central Donbass were determined. It was found that the area of potentially contaminated land as a result of surface deflation of dumps in Central Donbass is 30,605 hectares. Taking into account the discharge of pollutants both from the surface of the dumps and from the deflationary pollution zone, the area of such land is 35,765 hectares. The mathematical modelling of the processes of pollutant removal by wind and deposition on the soil surface showed that it is possible to radically reduce the area of pollution by afforestation of waste dumps and, first of all, their flat tops.
Karbieniec pospolity (Lycopus europeus L.) roślina o cennych walorach prozdrowotnych
Authors: Osińska Ewa , Zauski Daniel , Barczak Piotr , Rosłon Wiesława , Jakubowska Joanna
Published: June 2023

Dzięki rozwojowi technik analitycznych i szerokiemu zaangażowaniu naukowców całego świata wzrosły znacząco możliwości efektywnego wykorzystania otaczającej nas szaty roślinnej jako źródła surowca oraz bezpiecznych, stabilnych i efektywnych leków naturalnych, w tym substancji aktywnych, stanowiących nierzadko alternatywę dla leków syntetycznych. Gatunkiem, który znajduje coraz szersze zastosowanie we współczesnej medycynie jest karbieniec pospolity (Lycopus europaeus L.). Liczne badania prowadzone nad właściwościami tej rośliny na przestrzeni ostatnich lat dostarczają wciąż nowych danych, a jej surowiec (ziele) wykorzystywane w naparach jest elementem kuracji przy nadczynności tarczycy. Praca ma na celu przedstawienie informacji dotyczących składu chemicznego, działania, zastosowania oraz up-rawy mało znanego gatunku zielarskiego – karbieńca pospolitego.
Rozmieszczenie azulenowych i bezazulenowych form Achillea L. w Czechach
Authors: Dąbrowska Janina
Published: June 2023

Niniejsza praca jest kontynuacją badań autorki nad rodzajem Achillea L. na Śląsku. Wykonane analizy zawartości azulenu (przy użyciu odczynnika EP Stahl’a) dotyczą ponad 9600 roślin krwawnika zebranych przez autorkę w latach 2001-2002, w 420 miejscowościach w Czechach oraz ponad 980 roślin pochodzących ze 120 miejscowości, zebranych przez botaników czeskich (J. Danihelka, K. Karlova,S. Špinarová). Krwawniki azulenowe zostały znalezione we wschodniej części Czech. Jest to przedłużenie rozmieszczenia takich krwawników we wschodniej części Śląska. Śląskie formy azulenowe są prawdopodobnie rezultatem rozprzestrzeniania od południa.
The Last Mile Concept for the Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub
Authors: Haffer Rafał , Marciniak Żaneta , Modrzewski Rafał , Styś Jędrzej , Turowski Leszek
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss the last mile concept for the proposed Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie region, and thus to present the forecast distribution of goods within the last mile from and to the Hub, and to indicate the role that it could play in the region.Method: The development of the last mile concept for the Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub was based on secondary data. The first two stages of work, not discussed in this article, included case studies of 6 successfully operating foreign and domestic transhipment terminals and an analysis of the supply and demand for transport in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship. The third stage, the results of which are presented in this article, involved the identification of the most important national centres generating supply and demand for transport within a radius of 280 km from the Hub. Data, allowing to estimate the potential demand for the fright transport on the analysed routes and their costs depending on the mode of transport, came mainly from the Central Statistical Office, the Railway Transport Office, the General Board of National Roads, the National Bank of Poland and Port of Gdynia and Gdańsk Authorities.Results: The data show that in the period covered by the forecast (2019-2034), the most important change in the transport model of the Hub service area will be a significant increase in inland waterways transport of the Vistula River.Conclusions: The forecast operation of the last mile for the Bydgoszcz Logistics Hub justifies the reloading, storage and forwarding of goods in the area of the Bydgoszcz-Toruń agglomeration. The construction of the Bydgoszcz Logistic Hub will bring improvement to the already existing road links leading to the most important logistic centres, located, on the one hand, in the Tricity seaports, on the other hand, in large economic centres in Poznań, Łódź and Warsaw.Keywords: Baltic Sea Region, combine transport, logistics hub, last milePaper type: Research paper
The relations between dynamic capabilities and core competencies. The case study of Uzdrowisko Ciechocinek S.A.
Authors: Cegliński Paweł
Published: June 2023

This article addresses the relationship between dynamic capabilities and core competencies of companies. Both categories are among the most popular and practical issues in management science, fitting into the resource-based view of the firm. They should be consciously worked out in the company and both have the potential to become sources of sustainable competitive advantages. Despite a good study of the two issues in the literature, little attention has been paid to their relationship. The author has attempted to do so believing that it will contribute to further empirical research. A case study of a leading Polish sanatorium company, Uzdrowisko Ciechocinek S.A., which is in the process of permanent and purposeful organizational changes, was used. The results obtained illustrate the positive relationship between the variables used in the study.
„Sarmacka perspektywa sławy”? O micie sarmackim w kontekście szlacheckiego etosu rycerskiego
Authors: Kuran Michał
Published: June 2023

Wychodząc od nawiązania do tytułu książki Mariana Kaczmarka Sarmacka perspektywa sławy. Nad „Wojną chocimską” Wacława Potockiego, omawiam funkcjonowanie pojęć Sarmata/ sarmacki i pochodnych w poezji i prozie okolicznościowej, religijnej (kazania), epice bohaterskiej, kronikach, jak też wszelkiej twórczości literackiej (m.in. Macieja Stryjkowskiego, Jana Kochanowskiego, Abrahama Rożniatowskiego, Marcina Paszkowskiego, Samuela Hutora Szymanowskiego, Piotra Skargi, Jakuba Hasjusza, Łukasza Opalińskiego i Mikołaja Karola Juniewicza i in.), mającej wymiar dydaktyczny czy też parenetyczny od połowy XVI do połowy XVIII wieku. Dążę do ustalenia, jak w epoce funkcjonowały słowa nawiązujące do sfery pojęć sarmackich, wywodzonych z mitu etnogenetycznego w kontekście etosu rycerskiego. Celem studium jest bowiem przebadanie w oparciu o literaturę kształtowania się i ewolucji „sarmackiej samoświadomości” społeczności szlacheckiej. Upadek ideałów sarmackich daje się zaobserwować w Coś nowego Opalińskiego, a później Refleksyjach duchownych Juniewicza. Przypominam, że mit sarmacki jest mitem założycielskim wspólnoty, która powstała w momencie zawarcia unii Korony Polskiej i Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Sarmatami XVII i XVIII wieku była szlachta i magnateria niekoniecznie narodowości polskiej, zaś polsko-łacińska kultura tej wspólnoty ufundowana została na zunifikowanym szkolnictwie jezuickim i pijarskim. Dochodzę do wniosku, iż ustanowione przez myślicieli klasycyzmu stanisławowskiego pojęcie sarmatyzm w odniesieniu do tego, co wyłania się z dzieł literackich, nie jest potrzebne. Można je zastąpić określeniem „sarmackość”, które bliższe jest funkcjonującym w epoce słowom takim jak Sarmata, Sarmacja i sarmacki bądź pojęciem „kultura szlachecka”.
Władze miasta Łucka w drugiej połowie XVI i XVII wieku: konflikty wewnętrzne spowodowane nadużyciami władzy
Authors: Biłous Natalia
Published: June 2023

Celem artykułu jest naświetlenie konfliktów wewnętrznych w Łucku w końcu XVI oraz w XVII w., które były spowodowane nadużyciami władzy przez wójta dziedzicznego i urzędników miejskich. Spory toczyły się na tle zarządu gospodarką i finansami miasta, przez nierównomierny rozkład ciężarów podatkowych na poszczególne grupy mieszczan. Liczne nieporozumienia związane były z dostępem do władz miejskich i nadużyciami w sądownictwie miejskim. Polityka władz miasta wywoływała opór ludności miejskiej, jednak gmina miejska nie zdążyła wykupić wójtostwa i utworzyć organu trzeciego ordynku.
Problem autorstwa siedemnastowiecznego paszkwilu Alfurkan tatarski: wątpliwości i ustalenia
Authors: Bairašauskaitė Tamara
Published: June 2023

W artykule podjęto próbę wskazania autora siedemnastowiecznego paszkwilu wymierzonego przeciwko Tatarom Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego, a ściślej – zamieszkałym nad Waką w województwie trockim. Przeanalizowano dedykacje i komentarze czterech edycji paszkwilu (1616, 1617, 1640 i 1643). Zwrócono uwagę na biogram opata benedyktynów w Starych Trokach Tomasza Pawłowskiego (ok. 1556–1653), zarządzającego opactwem w latach po 1597–1617. Zbieżność danych jego biografii z datami kolejnych edycji Alfurkanu sugeruje, że tajemniczym autorem paszkwilu mógł być właśnie on.
Secretaries with Advice
Authors: Dütting Paul , Lattanzi Silvio , Paes Leme Renato , Vassilvitskii Sergei
Published: June 2023

The secretary problem is probably the purest model of decision making under uncertainty. In this paper, we ask which advice we can give the algorithm to improve its success probability. We propose a general model that unifies a broad range of problems: from the classic secretary problem with no advice to the variant where the quality of a secretary is drawn from a known distribution and the algorithm learns each candidate’s quality on arrival, more modern versions of advice in the form of samples, and a machine-learning inspired model where a classifier gives us a noisy signal about whether the current secretary is the best on the market. Our main technique is a factor-revealing linear program (LP) that captures all of these problems. We use this LP formulation to gain structural insight into the optimal policy. Using tools from linear programming, we present a tight analysis of optimal algorithms for secretaries with samples, optimal algorithms when secretaries’ qualities are drawn from a known distribution, and optimal algorithms for a new noisy binary advice model.
Self-Efficacy Buffers Against Belonging Loss for Hispanic Students During the First Semester of College
Authors: Kim Maxim , Corpus Jennifer Henderlong
Published: June 2023

Hispanic college students typically report a lower sense of belonging than their White peers, citing challenges related to first generation student status, low-income family backgrounds, and academic underpreparedness. The present study asked whether Hispanic students would have a lower sense of belonging than non-Hispanic White students and whether academic self-efficacy would be able to provide a greater buffer against belonging loss for Hispanic students compared to their non-Hispanic White peers. The participants of this study were Hispanic (n = 68) and non-Hispanic White (n = 420) first year students at a predominantly White small liberal arts college. Academic self-efficacy was a significant predictor of change in belonging for Hispanic students but not for non-Hispanic White students. These results suggest academic self-efficacy is a worthwhile target of belonging interventions for Hispanic students.  
Stress and Avoidant Coping: Predictors of Quality of Life Among Filipino Graduating Students
Authors: Orines Richardson D. , Dy Maria Theresa Q. , Huen Kyla H. , Maligaya Kyla Nicole B. , Pangan Josella May G. , Paulino Nathalie D. C. , Racimo Kurt Mosi Y.
Published: June 2023

The responsibilities of emerging adulthood and academic pressure are some stressful situations encountered among graduating students. Those graduating students used different coping that deals with stressful situations that may affect their quality of life. This study, a predictive correlational design, was conducted on 202 Filipino graduating university/college students to determine if stress and avoidant coping can predict their quality of life. Results showed a significant relationship existed between stress, avoidant coping, and quality of life. Stepwise forward regression analysis tested two regression models, where model 1 revealed that stress negatively predicted the quality of life. Whereas model 2 suggested that stress and avoidant coping (i.e., behavioral disengagement) was significantly higher in predicting the quality of life among graduating students.
HIERARQUIA DE DOMINÂNCIA E ESTRATÉGIAS DE FORRAGEIO DAS ESPÉCIES DE BEIJA-FLORES NO CAMPUS DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHIA
Authors: Cleriston Julio Rios Lima Filho  , Caio Graco Machado Santos
Published: June 2023

Os beija-flores (Apodiformes: Trochilidae) são aves com o tamanho corporal reduzido, bico fino e alongado e que podem realizar voo pairado.
LEVANTAMENTO DE ESPÉCIES ARBUSTIVO-ARBÓREAS POTENCIAIS PARA A RESTAURAÇÃO DAS VEGETAÇÕES RIBEIRINHAS DO RIO PARAGUAÇU (BAHIA, BRASIL)
Authors: Ferreira Daniel de Almeida , Flavio Franca
Published: June 2023

As áreas remanescentes das vegetações ribeirinhas servem como referências para a reconstrução e a restauração de um novo ecossistema. Dessa forma, a abordagem de conceitos como riqueza de espécies, diversidade genética das populações, dinâmica da sucessão ecológica, interações entre as plantas e demais componentes do ambiente, devem ser analisadas com bastante cuidado e atenção (Kageyama et al., 2001; Pereira; Botelho; Davide, 2015).
MORFOLOGIA POLÍNICA DE ESPÉCIES DE ABAREMA PITTIER (INGEAE,CAESALPINIOIDEAE, LEGUMINOSAE): II. ESPÉCIES AMAZÔNICAS
Authors: Cerqueira Nunes João Víctor , Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos
Published: June 2023

Apresentando cerca de 50 espécies, o gênero Abarema Pittier está posicionado na tribo Ingeae (Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae), com distribuição Neotropical e espécies de grande representatividade nos estados da Região Norte e Nordeste do País, principalmente no domínio amazônico como por exemplo: Abarema acreana (J.F.Macbr) L. Rico, Abarema adenophora (Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes e Abarema leucophylla (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes (Iganci & Morim, 2012).
DIVERGÊNCIA GENÉTICA ENTRE ACESSOS DE Physalis angulata L.
Authors: José Márcio de Jesus Ribeiro  , Adriana Rodrigues Passos
Published: June 2023

As Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) são nativas ou exóticas, espontâneas ou cultivadas, cujas folhas, raízes, flores ou caules são comestíveis, mas que estão à margem da cadeia produtiva (Sartori et al., 2020).
ESTUDO DE FATORES DE RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR ASSOCIADO AO ESTILO DE VIDA DE ESTUDANTES DO 2º ANO DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, BA
Authors: Layla Saluanne Barbosa dos Santos  , Gesline Fernandes de Almeida
Published: June 2023

Doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) vão se conceituar como patologias que podem atingir tanto o coração, como os vasos que compõem o aparelho cardiovascular (SMELTZER; BARE, 2009).
PRÉ-TRATAMENTO TÉRMICO EM SEMENTES DE TRÊS ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DA CAATINGA: INFLUÊNCIA NA SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE PLÂNTULAS
Authors: Maria Vitória Nery da França Valério  , Claudineia Regina Pelacani Cruz
Published: June 2023

Em condições naturais, certas sementes são periodicamente expostas ao calor e temperaturas elevadas ainda no solo, por exemplo, nos bancos de sementes encontrados nas camadas superficiais do solo ou mesmo após a dispersão das sementes.
Flora da Bahia: Mabea Aubl. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Da Luz Silva MARILANE , Daniela Santos Carneiro Torres
Published: June 2023

O gênero Mabea pertence à família Euphorbiaceae, e a tribo Hippomanae Compreende cerca de 50 espécies neotropicais, cuja maior diversidade se encontra na região Amazônica (Esser 1993; Webster 1994,).
Estruturação e manutenção de um banco de amostras biológicas de animais selvagens do Estado da Bahia com foco na Vigilância Molecular de Coronavírus e Adenovírus
Authors: Matheus Ferreira Porto  , Rogerio Merces Ferreira Santos
Published: June 2023

A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e a Organização da Saúde Animal (OIE) reconhecem uma estreita conexão entre o ambiente e as doenças em animais que podem provocar doenças em humanos.
DETECÇÃO MOLECULAR E CARACTERIZAÇÃO IN SILICO DE UMA NOVA EXOGLUCANASE DE MONILIOPHTHORA PERNICIOSA (STAHEL) AIME & PHILLLIPS-MORA COM POTENCIAL PARA APLICAÇÃO NA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOTENOL
Authors: Paloma Tavares Macedo  , Raquel Guimaraes Benevides
Published: June 2023

A possibilidade de modificar o modelo vigente – baseado na utilização de combustíveis fósseis – é possível devido ao desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias que buscam reduzir os impactos ambientais através da manipulação dos recursos genéticos de maneira mais racional, associando-se às análises de proteomas in silico de fungos relacionados filogeneticamente disponíveis em bancos de dados online (DUAN; FEANG, 2010; ROBAK; BALCERECK, 2018; DING et al., 2019).
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE OBESIDADE E HIPERPLASIA PROSTÁTICA BENIGNA (HPB) EM HOMENS NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHIA
Authors: De Oliveira Breno Batista , Carla Jamile Jabar Menezes
Published: June 2023

Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, a obesidade é um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública na atualidade. A prevalência mundial triplicou entre o período de 1975 e 2016 nos adultos, e continua aumentando em países de baixa e média renda. (BENTHAM et al., 2017; WHO, 2000).