bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Immunity of the Cinque Ports: Territorial or Personal Law?
Authors: Anisimova Anna
Published: October 2021

The article analyses the applicable scope of the right of the Cinque Ports, the Confederation of the ports of southeast England. This right is based on a number of privileges granted to the Confederation and was also recorded in the custumals of its towns-members. Moreover, there was a procedural practice of appeal to this right, and the legal cases were transferred to a special judicial institution — the court of Shepway. However, with time some changes occurred, as the towns-members developed their own courts and increasingly preferred to settle their matters there. In addition, new institutions appeared within the Confederation, such as the general meeting at Brodhall, the court at the Dover castle, and others. An essential role in maintaining and asserting the Cinque Ports’ rights and functioning if its joint administration belonged to the warden of the Cinque Ports, the chief official of the Confederation. At the same time, the right of the Cinque Ports coexisted with other legal systems — royal and seigneurial — on the same territory. The article also raises the question of the legal status of the inhabitants of the towns-members of the Confederation and the right they applied in their daily life.
Ban as a Political Instrument in the Russian Church of the Middle 11th Century New Data about Luka Zhidyata
Authors: Vinogradov Andrey
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the biography of Luka Zhidyata, the Bishop of Novgorod. The mention of the consecration of St. Sophia of Novgorod by him probably dates back to the “Primary Chronicle”. Information of the chronicles about his three-year suspension and imprisonment in Kiev is compared with the norms of Byzantine canon law. The only rule by which Luka could be subjected to such punishment is a ban for clerics to play dice or communicate with the players. Such an accusation clarifies the role of his servant Dudika in in Luka’s process. The reason for the punishment of Luka by Metropolitan Ephraim was not revenge after Yaroslav's death for his participating in the election of Hilarion and the appointment of new Russian bishops in 1051, but rather the precarious political situation of Ephraim himself after 1054 and Luka's possible attempt to obtain the status of archbishopric for Novgorod.
Legal Practice in the Southern Leon and Castile of the 12th Century: a Borderline State
Authors: Popova Galina
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the legal history of the lands of the Kingdom of Toledo in the first two hundred years after the Christian reconquest. The assimilation of the conquered lands by the new political power, preserving the border position, leads to the emergence of a special legal tradition, typical for other similar territories, which received the general name “extremadura” — “borderland”. The Fueros, created in the Kingdom of Toledo, from the very beginning, firmly linked the territorial and personal nature of the legal norms included in their texts. The formation of local legal traditions took place with the active participation of the local elite, which was reflected in the editing of Fuero texts. The inhabitants of Toledo were supposed to use the Visigothic "Liber iudiciorum" as a normative basis for legal proceedings, but at the same time maintained the legitimate possibility of resorting to norms of a different origin, the so-called “Fuero of Castilians”. The lack of a strict systematization in the legal framework of the proceedings was reflected in the organization of judicial officials in Toledo. The good preservation of the local act material allows us to consider in more detail the practical implementation of the legal norm in the process of judicial proceedings, recorded in Arabic in the protocol of the end of the 8th century.
Partidos y democracia en Argentina. El caso de un partido provincial con éxito: el Movimiento Popular Neuquino.
Authors: Favaro Orietta
Published: October 2021

La vertiente política que origina a cada uno de los principales entramados provinciales, su área de desenvolvimiento, las relaciones dentro y fuera de la instancia local y con el estado central permiti- ría explicar el origen y las razones por las cuales estas fuerzas locales se caracterizan por su clivaje territorial. En este trabajo se analiza un caso exi- toso de partido provincial: el Movimiento Popular Neuquino (MPN), enfocando la línea político- ideológica de la que surge, las fases de su desenvol- vimiento y de relaciones con el poder central en las tres décadas democráticas recientes en la política de Argentina.
¿Qué ves cuando me ves? Acerca de lo que los programas de proximidad muestran sobre las políticas sociales en el Uruguay.
Authors: Baráibar Ximena
Published: October 2021

En el 2005, asume el gobierno nacional en elUruguay una fuerza política de izquierda (FrenteAmplio). En un contexto marcado por las consecuenciasde la crisis del 2002, desarrolló como unade sus líneas fundamentales de actuación la asistenciaa la pobreza. Esto se expresa en la creacióndel Ministerio de Desarrollo Social y la implementaciónde variados programas sociales. A partir de2012, el segundo gobierno del Frente Amplio, desarrollaprogramas de proximidad: Uruguay CreceContigo, Jóvenes en Red y Cercanías. Estos sonpresentados como innovadores en tanto desarrollantrabajo de proximidad con la población destinatariay son de carácter interinstitucional. Este trabajopone foco en la relación entre estos programas ylas restantes prestaciones del Estado, considerandoel diseño y la implementación. Interesa problematizarqué es lo que la existencia de estos programaspermite visualizar sobre el funcionamiento de laspolíticas sociales en el Uruguay actual. Se concluyeque la relación entre los programas de proximidady las restantes prestaciones del Estado es ausentepor momentos, compleja en otros y con riesgos dedesresponsabilización de parte de las prestacionespúblicas no focalizadas. La existencia de los programasde proximidad constituye una nueva expresiónde la desigualdad en el acceso a las políticas públicasy más ampliamente, otra muestra de la desigualdadsocial persistente.
Emilio Duhan y Angela Giglian. Metrópoli, espacio público y consumo.
Authors: Sondereguer Pedro
Published: October 2021

SD
El Instrumento Militar Argentino: reflexiones en torno a su despliegue
Authors: Gastaldi Sol , Eissa Sergio G.
Published: October 2021

El despliegue del instrumento militar argentinopresenta rasgos que no se condicen con la actitudestratégica adoptada con la sanción de la Ley deDefensa Nacional. Si bien en el año 2005 el gobiernoadoptó medidas que dieron inicio a un ciclo deplaneamiento estratégico destinado a modernizarel instrumento militar en función de la realidad nacional,regional e internacional, el despliegue permanececomo un asunto pendiente que exige surevisión, a fin de conciliar fuerzas armadas capacesde cumplir con éxito su misión principal.
PISA 2015. ¿Cuáles fueron los aportes para la Argentina?
Authors: Leones Mariela , Scorzo Patricia , Rivas Natalia , Baruzzi Graciela
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo presenta algunos hallazgos delos resultados del Programa para la Evaluación Internacionalde Estudiantes (PISA), coordinado porla Organización para la Cooperación y el DesarrolloEconómico (OCDE). En el Estudio PISA2015 se hace foco en los desempeños escolares delas áreas de Ciencias, Lengua y Matemática de losestudiantes argentinos, las perspectivas de género,resiliencia y repitencia. Se propone un estudio detipo exploratorio-descriptivo en el contexto local,con el propósito de visibilizar procesos y tensionesdentro de una práctica que requiere de múltiplesdiscusiones públicas y miradas reflexivas.
Study of Clinical Findings and Treatment Outcomes of Rhino-OrbitalCerebral Mucormycosis at a Tertiary Care Center in Central India
Authors: Dhabarde Kavita Anand , Doble Pallavi Madhusudan , Pant Nehali Sureshchandra , Rahul Nisha Vilas
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Mucormycosis is a potentially lethal angioinvasive fungal infection. Increasing incidence of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in setting of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) during second wave in India and elsewhere has become a matter of immediate concern. This study was done to assess the clinical findings and treatment outcomes of rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis presenting to a tertiary care center in central India. METHODS This is a longitudinal study. We observed 38 COVID-19 associated mucormycosis cases. Their demographic data, clinical manifestations, underlying systemic conditions, microbiological and radiological reports, medical treatments and surgical interventions were recorded and analysed. RESULTS Common ocular presenting features were ophthalmoplegia (68 %), proptosis (44 %), periorbital swelling (13 %), diminution of vision (37 %), central retinal arterial occlusion (2.5 %), optic atrophy (2.5 %). Visual acuity at 1 month after surgery was compared with that at presentation and was found unchanged in 27 patients, improved in 3 patients and deteriorated in 6 patients. Functional outcome was evaluated in terms of ocular movements, and it was found that ocular movements were same as presentation in 30 patients, improved in 3 patients and deteriorated in 3 patients at follow up one month after surgery. Radiological outcome was evaluated, and it was found that residual disease was present in 4 patients and absent in 32 patients. Mortality was found in 2 patients at 1 month follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Early diagnosis, blood sugar levels control, urgent systemic antifungal therapy and sinus debridement surgery are lifesaving in cases of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis. KEYWORDS Mucormycosis, COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus, Ophthalmoplegia, Orbital Apex Syndrome, Orbital Cellulitis, Proptosis
Eye-tracking research
Authors: Białowąs Sylwester , Szyszka Adrianna
Published: October 2021

Eye movements provide information on subconscious reactions in response to stimuli and are a reflection of attention and focus. With regard to visual activity, four types of eye movements—fixations, saccades, smooth pursuits and blinks—can be distinguished. Fixations—the number and distribution, total fixation time or average fixation duration are among the most common measures. The capabilities of this research method also allow the determination of scanpaths that track gaze on the image as well as heat- and focus maps, which visually represent points of gaze focus. A key concept in eye-tracking that allows for more in-depth analysis is areas of interest (AOI)—measures can then be taken for selected parts of the visual stimulus. On the other hand, the area of gaze outside the scope of analysis is called white space. The software allows for comparisons of static and non-static stimuli and provides a choice of template, dataset, metrics or data format. In conducting eye-tracking research, proper calibration is crucial, which means that the participant’s gaze should be adjusted to the internal model of the eye-tracking software. In addition, attention should be paid to such aspects as time and spatial control. The exposure time for each participant should be identical. The testing space should be well-lit and at a comfortable temperature.
Program održivog razvoja Gorskog kotara
Authors: Barbara Pavlakovič , Marko Koščak , Zoran Ožbolt , Vladimir Čeligoj
Published: October 2021

Monografija „Program održivog razvoja Gorskog kotara“ predstavlja zbirku rezultata projekta s kojim smo željeli promovirati održivo poslovanje i strateški razvoj hrvatskog pograničnog područja Gorskog kotara od Prezida do Gerova. Područje je daleko od glavnih hrvatskih cesta, ali istodobno smješteno između tri države (Hrvatska, Slovenija i Italija), koje su mještanima uvijek bile izvor zaposlenja, informiranja i društvenog života. Ispreplitanje različitih tradicija omogućilo je stvaranje autohtone kulture koja kombinira zanimljive priče, običaje, zanate, jela i upotrebu prirodnih resursa iz netaknute prirode u kojoj leži odredište. Sve je to izvrsna osnova za razvoj turizma, koji kao nova industrija može omogućiti razvoj gospodarstva, preokrenuti demografsku sliku i potaknuti cjelokupni razvoj područja. Tijekom dvije godine mentori i studenti magistarskog programa Turizam na Fakultetu za turizam Sveučilišta u Mariboru razgovarali su o strateškom izazovu razvoja turizma uz participativno sudjelovanje lokalnog stanovništva. Nakon analize stanja pripremili su viziju razvoja i utvrdili prioritetna područja rada, definirali mjere i utvrdili pokazatelje i način njihovog praćenja. Sam akcijski plan temelji se na teoriji procjene nosivosti okoliša.
Bruchid a Serious Pest on Pulse Crops: Its Control Measures and Breeding Advancements: A Review
Authors: Ragul S. , Manivannan N.
Published: October 2021

Bruchid (Callosobruchus spp.) are the most destructive, notorious storage pest of pulses in the tropical and sub-tropical region. The yield losses are higher than half of the expected yield with in the short period of time. Bruchid initial infestation started in the field and shortly builds up during storage time and cause severe seed damage up to 100 per cent. Bruchid infestation ranges from 60 to 100% within two to three months of storage period. Among the different bruchid species, cowpea weevils (C. maculatus F.) and azuki bean weevils (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) are the most destructive storage pest of pulses. Though several options are now available to identify the elite genotypes against bruchid infestation, still the development of genotypes with sufficient level of host plant resistance is not achieved. In this pursuit, the present article has given a detailed review of the major species of bruchid, insect life style, management practices, screening technique, sources of resistance, novel breeding strategies and recent advancements including use of molecular markers in marker aided selection and QTL studies for bruchid resistance.
Quality Assessment of Chicken Breast Fillets Treated with Custard Apple (Annona squamosa) Leaves Extract
Authors: Kadam B.R. , Ambadkar R.K.
Published: October 2021

Background: Meat and meat products are perishable due to high content of moisture and easy availability of other nutrients. Oxidative rancidity and microbial growth are the major causes of their spoilage. Synthetic antioxidants viz. BHA, BHT, TBHQ etc. are used in the chicken processing industry for maintaining quality of chicken products. However, due to evidence of their toxic effects on human health there is interest in the scientists and manufacturers to use natural preservatives with antioxidants and antimicrobials properties. Hence, the study was undertaken to assess the effect of custard apple (Annona squamosa) leaves extract (CLE), on the quality of chicken breast fillets. Methods: Chicken breast fillets were treated separately by dipping in 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% aqueous solutions of CLE, distilled water and 100 ppm solution of BHT. Samples were stored under refrigeration (4±1oC) conditions and analyzed on 0th, 3rd, 6th and 9th day of storage. Result: Total phenolic content, ascorbic acid content, DPPH radical scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power of CLE were 57.13±0.22 µgGAE/mg, 163.23±0.40 µgAA/mg, 32.20±0.42% and 132.43±0.50 µMFe (II) equi/g respectively. The fillets treated with 0.5% solution of CLE were acceptable till sixth day with significantly (p less than 0.01) higher sensory scores than the controls. The pH, WHC, ERV, tyrosine value, TBARS value, total plate count and psychrophilic count of the sixth day samples treated with 0.5% CLE were 5.72±0.01, 65.32±0.31%, 19.40±0.59ml, 9.50±0.37 mg/100g, 0.316±0.002 mgMDA/Kg, 4.90±0.01 log10CFU/g and 3.68±0.02 log10CFU/g respectively. It can be concluded that 0.5% aqueous solution of CLE can be used for extension of shelf life of chicken breast fillets up to 6 days at refrigeration (4±1oC).
A Relationship between Socio-personal Characteristics with the Extent of Accessing Different Information Sources on Dairy Husbandry Activities by Field Veterinarians in Coastal Odisha
Authors: Nanda S.M. , Swain P. , Das B.C. , Dash S.K. , Shweta K. , Mohapatra S.N. , Sahoo B. , Joshi S.K. , Kanungo S.
Published: October 2021

Background: Veterinarians in field conditions access different sources for gathering information on dairy husbandry activities. The information source used most frequently must be given due importance by the researchers and scientists to provide quality information. Methods: The present study was conducted among 120 field veterinarians of coastal Odisha. The sources used by the respondent veterinarians were identified and analysed for the extent of usage of the sources. The mean was calculated for frequency of accessing different sources for information on dairy husbandry activities as per the data collected in a 3-point continuum scale namely Always (2), Sometimes (1) and Never (0) and ranks were assigned accordingly. The effect of different independent variables on different information sources was analysed using one way ANOVA. Result: It was reported that usage of internet by the respondents was ranked 1st followed by WhatsApp 2nd, Personal contact 3rd, Phone calls 4th, Technical literatures 5th, books 6th, journals 7th, TV 8th, Apps 9th, SMS 10th and email 11th respectively. It was observed that the female respondent veterinarians were using books and journals significantly more than their male counterparts. Significant difference was observed in usage of books for acquiring information between the respondent veterinarians of young age group (up to 35 years) and old age group ( greater than 50 years). Significant differences were observed between the respondent veterinarians with less than 10 years of job experience and greater than 20 years of experience for using personal contact method with the lower estimates for the higher experienced group.
Genotype Environment Interaction on Milk Production Traits of Crossbred Dairy Cows under Tropical Climatic Condition of India
Authors: Behera Rajalaxmi , Mandal Ajoy , Rai Saroj , Karunakaran M. , Mondal Mohan , Ghosh M.K.
Published: October 2021

Background: Genotype environment interaction plays vital role in animal productivity. Heat stress is one of the major environmental stressor affecting milk production and measured in terms of temperature humidity index (THI). Indian milk industry largely depends on crossbred cows bearing different degree of exotic inheritance. Thus, the role of genotype (genetic group) of the crossbred cows and environment (THI) interaction plays vital role in Indian climate which is mostly tropical in nature. Therefore, study was undertaken to examine the existence of genetic group × THI in crossbred dairy cows reared at institute herd of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal. Methods: A total of 12364 records each of monthly milk yield (MMY) and average daily milk yield in a month (AMY) of crossbred cows spanned over twenty two years (1994-2015) and weather parameters(temperature and relative humidity) for the corresponding years were collected from institute records. The data were classified into 8 genetic groups according to the genetic composition and 3 THI groups (THI less than 72, THI 72-78 and THI above 78). The interaction model was used to study the G×E interaction study using least squares analysis. Result: Effect of non-genetic factors (parity, period of calving and stage of lactation) was found to be highly significant (P less than 0.01) and genetic group × THI was significant (P less than 0.05) of on both MMY and AMY. Genetic group bearing 50% Jersey and 50% Red Sindhi or Tharparkar were the most heat tolerant breeds. Jersey crossbred cows were more heat tolerant than Holstein crossbred cows. Crossbred cows with 50% Jersey inheritance performed better than higher Jersey inheritance during periods of THI above 72.
​POU1F1 Gene Polymorphism and its Associations with Body Weight of Osmanabadi Goat
Authors: Pawar Vikrant D. , Sawane Mahadeo P. , Doiphode Aakash Y.
Published: October 2021

Background: Osmanabadi is the premium meat type goat breed of Maharashtra, known for its adaptability and reproductive efficiency. Identification of superior germplasm and incorporating them into breeding programme is the need of hour for augmenting productivity of Osmanabadi as well as other indigenous goat breeds. Hence, the present research was aimed to study Pituitary Specific Transcription Factor I (POU1F1) gene polymorphism and its associations with body weight of Osmanabadi goat. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 217 blood samples of randomly selected Osmanabadi goats. The 450 bp fragment of POU1F1 gene encompassing exon-6 and its flanking region (3’UTR) was PCR amplified. The PCR amplicon was subjected to RFLP using AluI and PstI restriction enzymes to identify polymorphism at nucleotide position 174 (T greater than C) in exon 6 and at nucleotide position 110 (T greater than C) in the 3’UTR of POU1F1 gene, respectively. The association of the observed allelic variants / genotypes with body weight of the animals was performed using One-way ANOVA. Result: The AluI PCR-RFLP of 450 bp amplicon of POU1F1 gene in Osmanabadi goats revealed polymorphism with three different genotypes viz., ‘CC’, ‘TT’ and ‘TC’. The observed frequencies for TT, TC and CC genotypes were 0.604, 0.355 and 0.041 respectively. The frequencies of T and C alleles were found to be 0.781 and 0.219, respectively. However, PstI PCR-RFLP revealed monomorphic 3’UTR of POU1F1 gene with single TT genotype. We observed significant differences (P less than 0.01) between various genotypes at AluI exon-6 locus of POU1F1 gene and body weights at birth, 3 and 6 months of Osmanabadi goat. Highest body weight was recorded for TT genotype followed by TC and CC genotypes in all three age groups. Our findings indicate that the AluI PCR-RFLP locus of the exon-6 of POU1F1 gene can be used as a potent molecular marker for selection of superior stock of Osmanabadi goats.
Growth and Yield Performance of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.) under Malabar Neem (Melia dubia) Plantations in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ajaykumar R. , Prabakaran P. , Sivasabari K.
Published: October 2021

Background: Black gram (Vigna mungo. L) is one of the most cultivated legume pulse crop with high nutritive value and Malabar neem (Melia dubia) is an emerging industrial agroforestry tree in Southern India. To maximize the land utilization with a field experiment was conducted at Western zone of Tamil Nadu to investigate the performance of black gram varieties under different spatial arrangements of Melia dubia plantations. Methods: An agroforestry trial was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications during kharif and rabi (2019-20) season. Black gram crop varieties (V1 - CO6 and V2 - VBN 6) were intercropped with M. dubia (1.5 year old plantation) with three different spacing of S1 (3 x 1.5 m), S2 (3 x 3 m) and S3 (4 x 4 m) while S0 as open field (Sole crop of black gram) for both the season. Result: The results of pooled analysis of two season shown that, treatment S0V2 recorded plant height (49.96 cm), number of branches (3.76), number of leaves (259.75), number of flowers (53.44), number of pods (22.85), seed yield per plant (5.38 g) and seed yield per hectare (0.82 tonnes) in open condition. Similarly in intercropping the growth and yield attributes of black gram were minimum performance recorded in CO 6 at closer spacing (3 x 1.5 m). In tree growth maximum pooled height increment (1.57 m) was observed in closer spacing (3 x 1.5 m) and maximum diameter recorded in wider spacing of both varieties. Hence wider spacing of S3 (4 x 4 m) can be suggested for intercropping under M. dubia plantations upto 4 years.
A Nike e o Brasil imaginado: a produção do comercial Mandingas para a Copa do Mundo de 2010
Authors: Oliveira Fabio Eloi de , Künsch Dimas A.
Published: October 2021

Os quatro comerciais de lançamento das campanhas da Nike para as Copas do Mundo de 2006 a 2018, e particularmente o mais extenso deles, Mandingas, para a Copa de 2010, constituem o objeto deste ensaio, com foco no Brasil imaginado do qual essa produção publicitária deriva. Pretende-se mostrar como a maior empresa de artigos esportivos do mundo interage com o imaginário social, num duplo sentido, tanto da busca de seus referenciais nesse imaginário como, ao mesmo tempo, de alimento e reprodução dessas construções simbólicas por meio dos filmes produzidos. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa toma por base a Hermenêutica de Profundidade, como formulada por John B. Thompson, com o suporte da análise de conteúdo e à luz mais ampla da compreensão como método. O texto espera promover a compreensão a respeito de como a publicidade pode atuar como formadora de vínculos entre a marca e o seu público, o que significa, no caso específico, com a própria nação brasileira.
Corporate Legal Liability for Corruption in the Private Sector
Authors: Salam Idrus , Prakasa Satria Unggul Wicaksana
Published: October 2021

Corruption in the private sector has been an emerging issue in Indonesia, regarded to become a serious problem to the rule of law. In this case, the problem is the difficulty in tracking down perpetrators of corruption in the private sector since legal accountability does not pay serious attention.  For example, the Rolls Royce case involved many jurisdictions in Indonesia that experienced obstacles due to limited authority and low commitment from the country. This study aimed to examine how private sector corruption is linked to legitimizing bribery by foreigners by answering the following questions: what is the legal liability of corporations as perpetrators of corruption in the private sector? What are the legal mechanisms in Indonesia for understanding private sector corruption? In this study, the socio-legal method was used to analyze corruption as a national and international crime to respond to the raised legal issues. The socio-legal method is a legal research method that can do more than regulate the law. The results indicated that the pattern of corruption in the private sector for officials could result in corrupt policies. Furthermore, for the private sector, it can lead to unfair business competition. Therefore, it must be handled immediately so corruption cases in the private sector cannot continue to occur, causing harm to the public and indirectly affecting the country.

KEYWORDS: Corruption, Criminal Liability, Private Sector.
"I'm Not the Only Writer in The Room": A Framework for Co-Creating Confident Writing Classrooms
Authors: McConnel Jen , Beach Pamela
Published: October 2021

This study is rooted in social cognitive theory, specifically Bandura's work on self-and collective efficacy. The authors explore self reported confidence levels with writing instruction from secondary teachers across subjects in Canada and the United States by pairing a self-efficacy scale developed by Locke and Johnston (2016) with semi-structured interviews conducted via Skype. 60 teachers participated in the survey, with 25 from Canada and 35 from the United States. Although teachers report relatively strong levels of self efficacy in writing instruction, the responses of participants regarding collective efficacy are more mixed. Based on these results, coupled with six interviews (split evenly between teachers in Canada and the United States), the authors propose a framework to help teachers of all subject areas increase their confidence in writing instruction while also helping students develop their own confidence as writers. This three-pronged framework of identity, context, and authority, relies on co-creating community with students. The potential of this framework is creative, offering teachers (and students) multiple ways into a conversation about writing that will not only enhance confidence, but will create a classroom culture in which diverse writing strategies and perspectives are valued.
Exploring Literacy Coach Research in Canada: A Review
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Xuyang , Ciren Zhuoma
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this review is to understand literacy coach research in Canada in order to facilitate further research in this regard. Research about literacy coaches in Canada remains at an initial stage, and there is no universally accepted definition of a “literacy coach.” Most literacy coach research in Canada has used a qualitative method. The research has shown that literacy coaches in Canada, who act as both guides and supporters in schools, also experience many challenges such as role confusion and inadequate time for carrying out their work. Scholars believe that setting up coaching models and collaboration may be ideal ways to deal with these problems. This review also found that the research has concentrated on literacy coaches in elementary and secondary schools in Ontario. This article concludes with implications and suggestions for future research about Canadian literacy coaches. More analysis about literacy coaches’ identity, their relationships with other stakeholders in the education system, and the challenges they face is needed in the Canadian context.
Pembatasan Kebebasan Beragama dalam Darurat Kesehatan Virus Korona di Indonesia: Perspektif HAM dan Islam
Authors: Muhshi Adam , Salman Radian
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper will examine the restrictions imposed by the Indonesian government on religious activities carried out together in places of worship during the covid-19 pandemic. These restrictions in recent times have even reached the level of closing places of worship. This restriction was carried out by the government with the aim of preventing the spread of the corona virus. However, in practice, the level of citizen compliance with these restrictions is still relatively low. The question that then arises is whether restrictions on religious activities carried out together in places of worship during a pandemic (health emergency) can be justified juridically. Departing from this problem, this article will try to analyze whether or not restrictions on religious activities are correct from the point of view of human rights and Islam. The answer to this question shows that the limitation of religious activities carried out jointly in places of worship in a health emergency finds its justification both in the perspective of human rights and in the perspective of Islamic law.Keywords: Restrictions on Religious Freedom; Corona Virus; health emergency; Human rights; Islam.AbstrakPaper ini akan mengkaji pembatasan yang dilakukan pemerintah Indonesia terhadap kegiatan keagamaan yang dilaksanakan secara bersama-sama di tempat ibadah pada masa pandemi covid-19. Pembatasan tersebut dalam beberapa waktu terakhir bahkan sampai pada level penutupan tempat ibadah. Pembatasan tersebut dilakukan oleh Pemerintah dengan tujuan untuk mencegah semakin meluasnya penularan virus korona. Namun dalam prakteknya, tingkat kepatuhan warga terhadap pembatasan tersebut masih relatif rendah. Pertanyaan yang kemudian muncul adalah apakah pembatasan terhadap kegiatan kegamaan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama di tempat ibadah pada masa pandemi (darurat kesehatan) dapat dibenarkan secara yuridis. Berangkat dari persoalan tersebut, artikel ini akan mencoba untuk menganalisis tentang benar tidaknya pembatasan terhadap kegiatan keagamaan dalam sudut pandang HAM dan Islam. Jawaban terhadap persoalan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pembatasan kegiatan kegamaan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama di tempat ibadah dalam kondisi darurat kesehatan menemukan justifikasinya baik dalam perspektif HAM maupun dalam perspektif hukum Islam.Kata Kunci: Pembatasan Kebebasan Beragama; Virus Korona; Darurat Kesehatan; HAM; Islam.
Bank Competition and Economic Growth
Authors: Liyanagamage Champika
Published: October 2021

This paper provides rather scares evidence on the nexus between bank competition and economic growth in a unique developing economy; Sri Lanka for the period 1996-2018. The effect of competition in the Sri Lankan banking sector on economic growth, and the mechanisms through which competition affects growth are analyzed in the present paper. The VEC model used in this study was aimed at capturing independently the short and long-term effect of bank competition on economic growth. The competition is measured with Pazar-Ross H- Statistics. Contrary to the common wisdom, the study found evidence for negative effects of bank competition, on economic growth in the short run. However, in the long run, this effect is strong and positive. Further, the statistical results of this paper revealed that higher bank competition channels economic growth through interest rate and bank efficiency. These findings have important policy implications as it gives great insight into the complexity of competition related conduct in developing countries.
Profit Islamic Bank from Mudharabah and Musharakah Finance with Islamic Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Faisal Yusuf , Ratnawati Nirdukita , Sari Egi Gumala
Published: October 2021

This research was conducted to determine the effect of mudharabah and musharakah financing on net profit of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. This study uses the annual financial statements of Islamic commercial banks obtained from the Financial Services Authority and annual reports on the website of Islamic commercial banks for the period 2010-2019. The test results found that mudharabah financing had a significant effect on the net profit of Islamic banks, this also strengthened Islamic social responsibility of Islamic commercial banks. But unlike mudharabah financing, musharakah financing actually has a negative effect on the net profit of Islamic commercial banks, which means that the higher the Islamic bank distributes musharakah financing, the rate of profit will decrease which results in the weakening of Islamic social responsibility disclosure. It is recommended that Islamic banks exercise greater caution when selecting consumers for mudharabah financing, as this type of financing carries a higher risk but also a higher profit share if the financing is successful. This research has a limitation in that it focuses exclusively on Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia, although additional research might be conducted by sampling Sharia Business Unit and Sharia Rural Bank.
Urochloa brizantha E Andropogon gayanus EM MONOCULTIVO E CONSÓRCIO SOB DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE ADUBAÇÃO
Authors: Ferreira da Mata Jhansley , Cardoso da Silva Magalhães Jucielle , Siebeneichler Susana Cristine , Ribeiro da Silva Rubens , Bezerra Pereira Mireia Aparecida , Martins Heytor
Published: October 2021

No Tocantins as condições climáticas são favoráveis para cultivo de plantas forrageiras, possibilitando elevada produtividade agrícola. Sendo assim, para solucionar problemas como manejo incorreto de aplicação de espécies forrageiras, insere-se o Sistema de Plantio Direto (SPD). Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento e tempo de meia vida em braquiarão e andropogon em sistemas de monocultivo e em consórcio sob três níveis de adubação. O experimento ocorreu sob um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, submetido a 13 anos de cultivo, sendo: 8 anos sob sistema convencional com o uso gradagem aradora e gradagem niveladora; 2 anos sob cultivo mínimo com o uso de subsolador e gradagem niveladora posteriormente e 3 anos sob sistema de plantio direto em profundidade de 0 a 20 cm. As espécies braquiarão e andropogon em consórcio verificou maior altura quando foi aplicado 20% da adubação química e este consórcio influenciou na permanência por maior tempo na superfície do solo, no entanto a adubação ajudou na decomposição da palhada conforme o tempo de meia-vida. Em sistema consórcio a altura das plantas favoreceram em 20% de adubação; o milheto em monocultivo apresentou maior crescimento em altura e o sorgo teve um desempenho inferior e a adubação influenciou na redução do tempo de meia vida dos sistemas de produção
MICROALGAS COMO UMA ALTERNATIVA SUSTENTÁVEL NA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVES 3G
Authors: Alves de Souza Panta Daniel , Pessôa Diniz da Silva Mirella , Da Silva Gloria Jodson , Eliza Gama Vieira Glaucia
Published: October 2021

As energias renováveis ​​estão ganhando importância, e os biocombustíveis à base de microalgas são vistos como uma excelente alternativa. Estas apresentam crescimento rápido, têm alta eficiência fotossintética, e têm necessidade de terra e consumo de água relativamente pequenos, em comparação com biocombustíveis de culturas terrestres convencionais. A microalga é apontada como matéria-prima promissora, e diversos estudos têm sido realizados desde o cultivo, extração e conversão, até o produto final, visando melhor eficiência energética no processo, bem como aumento de produtividade. Ainda existem barreiras desafiadoras na sua implementação como fonte potencial no mercado da bioenergia. Algumas espécies de microalgas crescem facilmente em águas salobras e residuais, tornando-a uma fonte energética mais viável. Embora as microalgas sejam a melhor alternativa para a produção de biocombustíveis, o custo de produção e o seu rendimento. ainda são desafiadores. Esta revisão avalia as diferentes etapas da geração de biocombustíveis a partir das microalgas, e esclarece sobre biocombustíveis de terceira geração (3G).
DIVERGÊNCIA ENTRE CULTIVARES DE MILHO TRANSGÊNICO E NÃO TRANSGÊNICO SOB CULTIVO NO CERRADO
Authors: Eckardt Márcio , Raquel Mello Cardoso Ila , Adriane da Silva Nubia , Mucci Peluzio Joenes , Sérgio Afférri Flávio
Published: October 2021

O crescente uso da transgenia em programas de melhoramento pode levar a efeitos adversos na cultura do milho. O estudo comparativo entre cultivares transgênicas e não transgênicas disponíveis no mercado, sob diferentes doses de nitrogênio, no cerrado tocantinense, teve o objetivo de identificar os efeitos das tecnologias na diversidade genética. Foram realizados dois ensaios em Paraíso do Tocantins e dois em Palmas, com semeaduras em novembro de 2018 e janeiro de 2019. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Em cada ensaio, foi realizada adubação de cobertura com 50, 100 e 150 kg de N (Nitrogênio) por ha-1. Para cada dose de N, e para análise conjunta, foram obtidas a contribuição relativa das características, medidas de dissimilaridade e a formação de grupos. Ainda, a análise conjunta foi submetida ao método hierárquico da distância média. Em sua maioria, a composição dos grupos similares formados foi constituída tanto pelas cultivares transgênicas quanto pelas não transgênicas. A adubação de 100 kg de N por ha-1 proporcionou o maior número de grupos. As características que mais contribuíram relativamente para a dissimilaridade foram o número de grãos por fileira (NGF) e o comprimento da espiga com palha (CECP).
ECOS DE LA DICTADURA EN LAS MEMORIAS DE ANGELO BRUNO
Authors: Silva Luiza Helena Oliveira da
Published: October 2021

Este artículo analiza las narrativas acerca de la dictadura civil-militar en Brasil (1964-1985) en el libro del escritor italo-brasileño Angelo Bruno intitulado En Dos Patrias, un solo corazón. El escritor, que residió durante décadas en Tocantins, trae los recuerdos del personaje Lino, en sus aventuras vividas en Italia, en la infancia durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, durante su internado, en el seminario de Oriónita, y más tarde en Brasil, donde se va como misionero laico. Es una de las pocas obras de carácter literario producidas por escritores de la región que dan el testimonio de los hechos vividos durante los años del férreo totalitarismo y es en esta dirección que nuestras reflexiones en torno al acontecimiento, la memoria y el olvido están dirigidas. Subvenciona nuestro análisis la semiótica discursiva.
Estimate the useful life for a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
system on a high-speed train using failure models
Authors: Catelani Marcantonio , Ciani Lorenzo , Guidi Giulia , Patrizi Gabriele , Galar Diego
Published: October 2021

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC) is a widely used system used to guarantee an acceptable level of
occupancy comfort, to maintain good indoor air quality, and to minimize
system costs and energy requirements. If failure data coming from company
database are not available, then a reliability prediction based on failure
rate model and handbook data must be carried out. Performing a reliability
prediction provides an awareness of potential equipment degradation during
the equipment life cycle. Otherwise, if field data regarding the component
failures are available, then classical reliability assessment techniques
such as Fault Tree Analysis and Reliability Block Diagram should be carried
out. Reliability prediction of mechanical components is a challenging task
that must be carefully assessed during the design of a system. For these
reasons, this paper deals with the reliability assessment of an HVAC using
both failure rate model for mechanical components and field data. The
reliability obtained using the field data is compared to the one achieved
using the failure rate models in order to assess a model which includes all
the mechanical parts. The study highlights how it is fundamental to analyze
the reliability of complex system integrating both field data and
mathematical model.
The improved automatic control points computation for the acoustic noise
level audits
Authors: Drábek Tomáš , Holub Jan
Published: October 2021

The acoustic noise level in the interior is
one of the quantities specified by a standard and is subject to audits to
ensure a comfortable living environment. Currently, the noise level audits
are performed manually by a skilled operator, who evaluates the floor plan
and uses it to calculate the control points location in which the
measurement is performed. The computation is proposed to automate the audit
by formulating an optimisation problem for which an algorithm was designed.
The algorithm computes the solution that satisfies all constraints specified
in the standard, for example, the minimum distance among the control points
and fixed obstacles (walls or columns). In the proposed optimisation
problem, the fitness function was designed based on the measurement purpose,
and two typical use-cases were analysed: (i) long-term stationary noise
measurement and (ii) recurring short-term noise measurement. Although the
set of control points for both use cases complies with the given standard,
it is beneficial to distinguish the location of control points based on the
measurement purpose. The number of control points is maximised for the
stationary noise and for the immediate coverage area for the short-term
noise. The proposed algorithms were tested in a simulation for several floor
plans of different complexity.
Tree structures are employed by pigeons as leadership structures to flock
Authors: Gao Jian , Gu Changgui , Shen Chuansheng , Yang Huijie
Published: October 2021

Collective behaviors displaying a variety of fascinating movement patterns are thought to be products of complex interplay among individuals. Previous studies have proposed the hierarchical leadership networks and the coexistence of compromise and leadership in pigeon flocks, but these conclusions have not been confirmed by theoretical or modeling studies. Here, based on the same datasets, using a more reasonable research route, we found a more concise leadership structure in pigeon flocks. i.e., the tree structure, which was verified by our modeling studies. We showed that each individual may follow its only pilot (leader) during collective flights of pigeon flocks, and the only top leader of a certain flock determines the flight direction of the whole flock. Our results confirmed the leadership hypothesis, denying the illusion of compromise between individuals at the same level. The findings shed light on the hierarchical leadership structure in pigeon flocks and have implications for artificial collective systems, e.g., autonomous formation control of multiple unmanned aerial
vehicles and unmanned surface vehicles.
Response To Light Intensity of Sun And Shade On Two Cool Season Turfgrass
Authors: Dong Lili , Xiong Liangbing , Zheng Qianjiao , Sun Xiaoyang , Guo Zhixin , Yuan Runli , Deng Wenjing , Xie Fuchun , Chen Yajun
Published: October 2021

Background: Obtaining superior performance of SupraNova and Lark C3 turfgrasses under shade conditions is a challenging task. Both durability and performance of turfgrass are significantly affected by shade. In particular, morphological and physiological adaptation to low light is critical for maintaining quality and overall performance in turfgrass plants. Results: The purpose of this study was to study the response of SupraNova and Lark turfgrass morphology and photo-physiological potential to shading. The plants of 'SupraNova' and 'Lark' were collected from the lawn plots of the Horticulture Research Center of Northeast Agricultural University of China for 2 years and treated with gradient shading 35.62% after 2 months of culture, normal light intensity 70.79 % and 93.45% with full sun as the contrast represented by CK for comparison. Lark showed TQ and TCI in shady stage compared with SupraNova. Lark showed strong resistance to MDA, H2O2, O2-, SOD, POD, CAT and AsA, indicating that the antioxidant system of C3 turfgrass at 35.6% shade level. Under 70.79% shade treatment, MDA, H2O2, O2-, SOD, POD, CAT and AsA of the two cultivars decreased the most, and the longer the shading time, the average daily growth of the two turfgrasses increased first and then decreased. Lark outperformed SupraNova throughout the shading treatment, with 70.79% and 93.45%, respectively. Lark showed increased Chl A and Chl (A/B) in response to different shading levels, while SupraNova had the highest concentrations of Chl B and total Chl. Chlorophyll fluorescence qP, ETR, and Fv/Fm decreased significantly when shaded at 93.45%;Conclusion: The results of this study proved that decrease was more significant in SupraNova than Lark, and shading caused more severe changes in leaf morphology and anatomical structure than Lark turfgrass has the highest negative tolerance than SupraNova turfgrass, which is due to the better photosynthetic product transport capacity of Lark plants. In its anatomical structure, and" vascular bundle sheath structure, which enables it to have higher photosynthetic efficiency to adapt to negative stress. SupraNova and Lark first increased and then decreased with the increase of shade degree
Mobile software in the follow-up of early breast cancer A randomized study
Authors: Mattson Johanna , Peltola Maria , Poikonen-Saksela Paula , Hermanson Terhi , Their Jenny , Färkkilä Niilo , Roine Risto , Blomqvist Carl
Published: October 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Laparoscopic Treatment of Early Postoperative Ileus After Laparotomy.
Authors: Lescinska Anna Marija , Ivanovs Igors
Published: October 2021

Aim. The case report demonstrates a successful laparoscopic treatment of early postoperative small bowel obstruction after open strangulated umbilical hernia repair with mesh.Case report. An 86-year-old female was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain for 2 days localised in the umbilical region. A diagnosis of strangulated umbilical hernia was set, and emergency operative therapy was performed. On the third postoperative day the patient showed symptoms of bowel obstruction, confirmed on CT. An emergency laparoscopy proceeded. It revealed small intestine loop fixation to the mesh through the peritoneal defect. While separating the intestine a defect in bowel wall was found and sutured laparoscopically. Patient was discharged from the hospital on the 8th postoperative day.Conclusion. Laparoscopic treatment after open hernia surgery is an alternative access for redo surgery in early postoperative period. It provides acceptable results even in contaminated area without needs to reopen surgical wound.