bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dostihne Slovensko své sousedy na cestě do Evropské unie?
Authors: Vladimír Leška
Published: October 2024

Political representatives of the Slovak Republic from the day of its inception declared their unambiguous interest in membership in the European Union. This was an axiom on which virtually all political forces with the exception of the nationalist SNS and the ultra-left ZRS agreed; the latter two adopted a reticent and even a negative attitude to this problem. These two subjects were the only ones which expressed their readiness to cooperate with HZDS, following the early general elections in 1994. This was clearly reflected in the foreign political line of the new government.Slovakia lagged behind its neighbours on the road towards integration, despite the fact that its government fulfilled its administrative tasks in coming closer to the European Union in a by and large satisfactory manner. The primary reason why Slovakia did not become a member of NATO, and why in 1997 the European Union did not invite it to talks on accession were that it failed to accomplish the fundamental criteria for integration in European and Trans-Atlantic structures.A radical change in this direction took place after the general elections in 1998 when a coalition of four pro-European parties was formed. Although not even this grouping avoided making mistakes and creating shortcomings, once it came to power principles of parliamentary democracy were carried out systematically, the conditions were being created for a meaningful activity in all constitutional institutions and the rule of law was finally introduced. Contrary to the previous team, the procedure of M. Dzurinda’s Cabinet in the field of fulfilling the integration objectives was well-considered, properly targeted and entirely credible. It intensified relations with the member states of the Union and with those engaged in pre-accession negotiations.The efforts of the coalition of the four parties but also of a number of other state and non-governmental institutions aimed at becoming involved in the integration endeavours of the neighbours, backed by the majority of Slovak society, was brought to a successful conclusion on 11 December 1999, when on its Helsinki summit the European Council decided to commence talks with Slovakia on its accession to the European Union. The conditions to make up for the loss of two years, compared to its neighbours, were created when this institution decided to conduct negotiations with the applications for membership individually, and adjust the pace of this process to their state of preparedness.Slovakia successfully started the process of negotiations with the European Union in March 2000. The question whether in all matters of substance this will lead to positive results and whether it will catch up with its neighbours will depend first and foremost on the consistency of its current government and on political stability in the country.
Současný stav a perspektivy chemického odzbrojení
Authors: Ladislav Středa  , Emil Halámek  , Zbyněk Kobliha
Published: October 2024

The commitment of the contracting parties to liquidate chemical weapons and all premises used for their manufacture by the year 2007 is the fundamental pillar of the Agreement un Banning the Development, Manufacture, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and their destruction (hereafter only Agreement). This is the first multilateral disarmament agreement which bans an entire category of weapons of mass destruction while at the same time it stipulates measures to control the way this commitment is being respected. The Agreement is universal since it bans not only the actual utilization or threat to use chemical weapons but also their development, manufacture, acquisition and stockpiling. Under the Agreement, the direct or indirect proliferation of chemical weapons is illegal, as is the utilization of chemical weapons including the possibility of a retaliatory strike, military preparations with the aim of using chemical weapons as well as assistance, support or inciting any type of banned activity.This year, the Agreement will have been in force for three years which is the time limit set for the liquidation of 1% of all stocks of the chemical weapons in the possession of each contracting state. The time limit for the liquidation of alt chemical weapons is ten years from the time the Agreement came in to force.The authors of this essay deal in detail with the present state of the liquidation of the chemical arsenal of the United States and the Russian Federation. They arrive at the conclusion that at present the US is the only state with extensive practical experience with the safe liquidation of chemical weapons, and this without an adverse influence on the environment. Yet it is not possible to say whether the US will be capable of fulfilling the final deadline of the liquidation of chemical weapons. The situation in Russia, on the contrary, is far more complicated since already now the programme of liquidation is at least two years behind schedule. And in view of the shortage of its own financial resources, it is evident that Russia will not be capable of liquidating its chemical weapons stocks within the required time limit without more extensive international assistance.In addition, the authors turn their attention in the essay to a number of other issues, directly connected with the liquidation of chemical weapons, such as the demands of the liquidation of chemical weapons, stipulated by the Agreement, or former methods of the liquidation of chemical weapons and their influence 0n the environment.
Ozbrojené konflikty na území bývalé Jugoslávie
Authors: Filip Tesař
Published: October 2024

John B. Allcock, Marko Milivojevič, John J. Horton (eds.): Conflict in the Former Yugoslavia: AnEncyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, Denver; Santa Barbara, Oxford 1998, 440 stran, ISBN 0-87436-935-5 (hc),ISBN 1-57607-045-X (pbk).
Tim Judah: Kosovo: War and Revenge. Yale University Press, New Haven, London 2000, 360 stran,ISBN 0-300-08313-0 (hbk), ISBN 0-300-08354-8 (pbk).
Bude zítřek posthumanitní?
Authors: Zdeněk Müller
Published: October 2024

Intellectual quarrels, conducted on a worldwide scale, are in no way normal. One of these was triggered at the beginning of 1989 by an article by Francis Fukuyama on the “end of history”. Today, ten years later, this American thinker comes forward with a new theory. Liberalism has managed to triumph and that is why only the kind of history, decided by the human natural state, ends. Thanks to biotechnologies, we find ourselves on the threshold of a fundamental change of the human essence. It is, therefore, more accurate to talk not of the end of history, but of the appearance of a new era which can be called post-humanitarian. Yet Fukuyama proceeds from the view that nothing which has occurred in international politics and in the world economy over the past ten years refutes his claim that liberal democracy and a market economy constitute the only viable way out for modem society. In addition to the evaluating introduction, Zdeněk Müller’s contribution puts before the reader an excerpt of Fukuyama’s essay “Second Thoughts: The last man in a bottle”, featured in the periodical The National Interest. Fukuyama’s mentioned essay then deals at length with the following problems: 1) science as a fundamental driving force, 2) the model called the Washington consensus, 3) questions of nationalism, 4) the contemporary financial crisis, 5) the problem, called the end of the end of history, 6) globalization as an irreversible phenomenon in the history of human civilization, 7) democratic syllogism. 8) the “ultimate border” of human history, 9) the role of recognition and respect in the advancement of mankind, 10) the era of biological discoveries, 11) the impact of chemical discoveries in influencing the personality of the human being, 12) androgyny, 13) information technologies.On the basis of an analysis of the mentioned problems, the author reaches the conclusion that the unlimited possibilities of modem science allow the present to anticipate that after two or three generations we shall have at our disposal the kind of knowledge and technologies which will enable us to be successful in areas where social engineers have failed. It is in this stage that the history of humanity will definitely come to a close since humanity itself will eradicate the human being as a natural being. That is when a new post-humanitarian history will be able to commence.
Myšlení o válce na sklonku 20. století
Authors: Jiří Šedivý
Published: October 2024

Michael Ignatieff: The Warrior´s Honor: Ethnic War and the Modem Conscience. Metropolitan Books,New York 1997, 207 stran, ISBN 0-8050-5518.Mary Kaldor: New and Old Wars: Organised Violence in a Global Era. Polity Press, Cambridge/Oxford1999, 192 stran, ISBN 0-7456-2067-1.
Rozsáhlý přehled dějin evropské integrace
Authors: Jan Eichler
Published: October 2024

Pierre Gerbet: La construction de l' Europe. Imprimerie nationale, Paris 1999, 610 stran, ISBN 274330104X, ISSN 0246-4128.
Management etnických konfliktů v teorii a v praxi
Authors: Přemysl Rosůlek
Published: October 2024

Marc Howard Ross, Jay Rothman: Theory and practice in ethnic conflict management. MacmillanPress Ltd, London 1999, ISBN 0-333-75102-7.
Rozvojové země a trh trochu jinak
Authors: Martin Ehl
Published: October 2024

Amartya Sen: Development As Freedom. Oxford 1999, 366 stran, ISBN 0-19-829758-0.
Mekanisme Pinjaman Online yang diakui Negara (Perspektif Hukum dan Agama) di Tanjung Atap Barat Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
Authors: Dea Justicia Ardha  , Reny Okpirianty  , Rijalush Shalihin  , Hendri S  , Yonani Hasyim
Published: October 2024

Negara Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan dengan penduduk terbanyak di Asia. Kondisi geografis seperti tersebut menimbulkan tantangan dan masalah yang berkaitan dengan aspek pemerataan pembangunan dan perkembangan ekonomi. Layanan perbankan hanya tertumpuk di pusat kota saja, kurang menyentuh masyarakat yang ada di pelosok daerah. Hal inilah yang menyebabkan kesenjangan kesejahteraan di Indonesia akibat tidak meratanya pembangunan perekonomian nasional. Pinjaman online menawarkan banyak fitur yang menguntungkan konsumen dibandingkan perbankan. Akibatnya, dalam dua tahun terakhir, fintech pinjaman online tumbuh sangat capat. Dengan adanya fintech, seseorang sekarang yang ingin mengajukan pinjaman cukup  mendownload aplikasi atau mengakses website penyedia layanan pinjaman, mengisi data dan mengupload dokumen yang dibutuhkan dan dalam waktu yang relative cepat pinjaman   langsung cari ke rekening peminjam. Namun, akses negatif  bermunculan seperti tersebarnya data pribadi peminjam karena proses verifikasi pinjaman online dilakukan secara online dan akan meminta persetujuan dari penerima pinjaman untuk mengakses semua data hal ini sangat  berisiko tinggi data pribadi penerima pinjaman untuk disalahgunakan. Permintaan data pribadi  konsumen sebenarnya dibutuhkan oleh perusahaan untuk melakukan assesement kepada    calon peminjam dan untuk memastikan bahwa peminjam uang benar-benar orang yang   namanya tercantum dalam aplikasi nanum dalam beberapa kasus, akses kontak digunakan  untuk melakukan penagihan.
Penyuluhan Hukum Dan Edukasi Obat Dalam Upaya Menanggulangi Persebaran Covid-19 Di Desa Pegayut Sumatera Selatan (Kolaborasi Akademisi Hukum Dan Apoteker Palembang)
Authors: Isma Nurillah  , Novi Nurleni  , Arie Firdiawan  , Taslim  , M Adi Saputra
Published: October 2024

Persebaran Covid-19 sejak tahun 2019 hingga akhir 2022 memakan korban yang tidak sedikit, setidaknya 161.192 jiwa terkonfirmasi meninggal dunia dengan jumlah angka 6.758.170 kasus. Bahkan di tahun 2021 kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia menduduki peringkat ke-2 terparah di dunia dimana US menduduki peringkat pertama kemudian disusul Indonesia kemudian India, Brazil dan United Kingdom. Angka ini bukan menunjukan keberhasilan atau prestasi melainkan tugas bersama untuk memutus rantai persebaran virus Covid-19. Tujuan dari penyuluhan hukum dan kesehatan ini yakni memberikan edukasi hukum dan kesehatan kepada masyarakat akan pencegahan dan penularan Covid-19 serta penanggulangan penyebaran berita Hoax terkait Covid-19, Metode pengadian yang diterapkan berupa Ceramah, FGD, Diskusi serta pemberian bantuan berupa masker, handsanitizer, Vitamin serta peralatan sekolah anak. Melalui kegiatan peyuluhan ini para penyuluh mendapati beberapa situasi yakni, Penyebaran yang cepat dan belum tersedianya obat untuk mengobati maupun mencegah Covid-19 membuat penyakit ini menjadi pandemik dan menginfeksi hingga jutaan manusia di seluruh dunia. Penularan Covid-19 dapat melalui berbagai cara antara lain droplet (tetesan kecil dari mulut/hidung), kontak fisik, dan menyentuh permukaan benda terkontaminasi. Persebaran ini menular baik di perkotaan di perdesaan. Berdasarkan Surat Edaran Menteri Desa PDTT No. 8 Tahun 2020 tentang Desa Tanggap Covid-19 dan Penegasan Padat Karya Tunai Desa, Pemerintah desa dapat membentuk relawan Desa Tangguh Covid-19 serta pembentukan posko relawan penanganan Covid-19 yang sumber pendanaannya didapatkan dari dana desa. Tugas relawan Desa Tangguh Covid-19 antara lain: melakukan pencegahan dan penanganan terhadap Covid-19, melakukan pendataan warga untuk bantuan, pendataan warga usia rentan, serta edukasi kepada masyarakat. Hanya saja khusus di Desa Pegayut keberlakuan Desa Tangguh belum maksimal sehingga melalui penyuluhan ini baik kolaboborasi antara akademisi hukum dan tenaga kesehatan mampu memberi dampak postif bagi warga yang terdampak Covid-19.
Memupuk Motivasi Kewirausahaan bagi Santri di Pondok Pesantren At-Tawasul Desa Mulyasari Cianjur Jawa Barat
Authors: Muhammad Sayyid Rifai  , Milah Karmilah
Published: October 2024

Untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia, pembangunan sumber daya manusia harus dilakukan. Baik pendidikan formal maupun pendidikan informal digunakan untuk membangun sumber daya manusia. Pendidikan yang diberikan di Pondok Pesantren memiliki ciri khas khusus yang memungkinkan tim Pengabdian untuk melakukan kegiatan pelayanan dengan mendorong jiwa kewirausahaan para santri. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metodologi pelatihan kewirausahaan. Pelatihan yang diberikan oleh tim layanan meliputi instruksi dalam mengenakan jilbab dan membuat masker organik. Pondok Pesantren At-Tawassul Cianjur Jawa Barat dipilih sebagai lokasi kegiatan pengabdian tersebut, dan dilakukan secara bertahap selama beberapa hari. Hasil dari kegiatan tersebut adalah motivator bagi siswa untuk memahami berbagai kegiatan kewirausahaan yang dapat mereka lakukan di luar pendidikan formal mereka. Untuk memaksimalkan hasil atau tujuan yang dicapai, tindakan ini harus dilanjutkan terus menerus.
Sosialisasi Penerapan Peraturan K3 (Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja) pada Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Kikim Barat Lahat
Authors: K.A Noviansyah
Published: October 2024

Dunia pendidikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman mengenai Penerapan Peraturan K3 yang diberikan oleh instansi pendidikan khususnya Sekolah Menegah Atas pada dasarnya hanya sebatas pengetahuan umum. Penerapan Peraturan K3 sekolah serta pemahamannya terhadap siswa masih sangat kurang. Padahal cakupan Penerapan Peraturan k3 ini sangatlah luas. Dalam instansi pendidikan, simulasi atau sosialisasi terkait K3 sangatlah penting, Sosialisasi terkait K3 ini tersebut dilakukan agar dapat mencegah terjadinya bahaya dan risiko terjadinya kecelakaan pada program belajar mengajar di sekolah. Sudah menjadi kewajiban instansi pendidikan untuk dapat menumbuhkan budaya bersih, indah dan tertib sehingga tercipta lingkungan yang aman dan terkendali. Manfaat K3 disekolah sendiri antara lain dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar di kelas, terciptanya suasana tenang dan nyaman, meningkatkan kepedulian tanggung jawab, dan menumbuhkan kecintaan terhadap kebersihan, keindahan dan ketertiban sekolah. Untuk mendukung penerapan K3 yang baik, perlu adanya perencanaan guna untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Sosialisasi ini dilaksanakan sebagai pengetahuan tambahan detail bagi siswa sekolah sebagai informasi bagia siswa sekolah untuk mengetahui dan memahami mengenai peraturan dalam penerapan k3 di sekolah. Hasil Sosialisasi menunjukkan bahwa banyak sekali siswa sekolah yang belum mengetahui dampak bahaya apabila tidak mengetahui dan memahami mengenai peraturan dalam penerapan k3 sekolah.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Melalui Optimalisasi Akses Internet (Pengabdian di Desa Sumber Arum, Lampung Utara
Authors: Khusnul Khotimah  , Adi Wibowo  , Indrajaya  , Slamet Riyanto
Published: October 2024

Pendahuluan: Pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan untuk membantu mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi terkait proses pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi Covid-19. Pembelajaran online membutuhkan koneksi internet yang baik dan stabil untuk menghadiri konferensi video . Masalah muncul ketika infrastruktur internet di pedesaan tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan proses pembelajaran secara memadai. Tujuan Penelitian: pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dengan mengoptimalkan internet sebagai media pembelajaran daring. Metode: Layanan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode, yaitu: 1) konseling, untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat sasaran mengenai kebijakan pembelajaran daring; 2) memberikan pelatihan dalam menggunakan internet sebagai alat pembelajaran online; dan 3) hibah atau bantuan langsung berupa pemasangan infrastruktur internet. Hasil / Temuan / Kebaruan Penelitian: Penyuluhan yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Desa Sumber Arum dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang seluk beluk pembelajaran daring. Ada 2 (dua) materi pendidikan utama yang diberikan kepada publik, yaitu: kebijakan mengenai pembelajaran daring dan teknik pembelajaran daring. Penyampaian materi melalui metode ceramah yang disampaikan oleh pemateri di depan audiens komunitas sasaran, dan dilanjutkan dengan tanya jawab terkait materi konseling. Setelah penyuluhan, diberikan pelatihan praktik belajar daring langsun dengan memanfaatkan infrastruktur jaringan internet yang terpasang. Pelaksanaan pelatihan tidak mengalami kendala yang berarti, karena pada dasarnya peserta pelatihan sudah memahami bagaimana menggunakan perangkat teknologi informasi untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran daring.
Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Dan Sekam Padi Sebagai Media Tanam Hidroponik Rakit Apung Di Desa Tugumulyo Kecamatan Lempuing Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir
Authors: Qishosul Haqie  , Helwan Kasra  , Rahma Dona
Published: October 2024

Pada masyarakat desa penyediaan bahan pangan yang bersumber dari tumbuhan seperti sayuran manis mendominasi minat masyarakat. Saat ini sistem penanaman didesa terbatas pada sistem pertanian konvesional yang membutuhkan lahan yang cukup luas. Seiring berjalannya waktu dan juga jumlah penduduk yang terus meningkat, lahan pertanian produktif semakin berkurang. Salah satu sistem pertanian yang dapat digunakan pada lahan sempit yaitu sistem hidroponik. Pemanfaatan bahan organik seperti arang sekam padi sangat potensial digunakan sebagai komposit media tanamalternatif untuk mengurangi penggunaan top soil. Salah satu kelebihan penggunaan bahan organik sebagai media tanam adalah memiliki struktur yang dapat menjaga keseimbangan aerasi. Bahan-bahan organik terutama yang bersifat limbah yang ketersediaannya melimpah dan murah dapat dimanfaatkan untuk alternatif media tumbuh yang sulit tergantikan. Bahan organik mempunyai sifat remah sehingga udara, air, dan akar mudah masuk dalam fraksi tanahdan dapat mengikat air. Hal ini sangat penting bagi akar bibit tanaman karena media tumbuh sangatberkaitan dengan pertumbuhan akar atau sifat di perakaran tanaman (Putri 2008). Pemanfaatan barang bekas dapat mengurangi jumlah sampah di lingkungan sekitar, adapun jenis barang bekas yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media tanam Hidroponik yaitu ember cat. Selain mudah di dapatkan ember cat juga dapat disimpan di depan rumah sehingga tidak membutuhkan tempat yangluas untuk pembuatan hidroponik rakit apung sederhana ini. Secara sederhana, sekam padi dapat dijadikan sebagai media pertumbuhan untuk tanaman dengan sistem hidroponik dengan cara membakar sekam padi menghasilkan arang sekam. Arang sekam padi dibuatdengan cara membakar kulit padi kering di atas tungku pembakaran dan sebelum bara sekam menjadi abu dilakukan perlakuan penyiraman dengan air bersih untuk memperoleh hasil berupa arang sekam (sekam bakar) (Gustia 2013).
Technical Note: Prosedur Perceraian Campuran Antara Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) dan Warga Negara Asing (WNA)
Authors: Salsabila Rahadatul ‘Aisy  , Dzikrina Khusnaliani Atfan  , Lailatul Fitri  , Dakum  , Puji Sulistyaningsih  , Bambang Tjatur Iswanto
Published: October 2024

Perkawinan merupakan bentuk ikatan sakral penyatuan seorang pria dengan seorang wanita. Dalam penerapannya, perkawinan juga merupakan tindakan hukum karena kepentingan-kepentingan di dalam suatu perkawinan saling berhubungan dengan kepentingan-kepentingan lainnya. Perkawinan tidak selalu terjadi antar sesama warga negara Indonesia (WNI) saja, tetapi juga dapat terjadi dengan warga negara asing (WNA). Perkawinan inilah yang disebut sebagai perkawinan campuran. Perkawinan campuran memiliki dinamika tersendiri karena perkawinan campuran melibatkan latar belakang kewarganegaraan yang berbeda, perpaduan unsur budaya, sosial, dan hukum yang bergam. Meskipun perkawinan merupakan ikatan yang sakral, tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa perpisahan antara suami dan istri atau yang disebut sebagai perceraian tetap ada. Perceraian dapat timbul akibat ketidaksepakataan antara suami dan istri yang bersumber dari perbedaan nilai, harapan, atau bahkan campur tangan keluarga dan/atau teman dapat mengarah pada perceraian. Dengan adanya dinamika tersendiri dalam perkawinan campuran, terdapat pula dinamika dalam prosedur perceraian yang berakar dari perkawinan campuran. Perbedaan yurisdiksi yang ada antara pasangan suami dan istri memiliki dampak hukum, baik secara langsung maupun secara tidak langsung. Oleh karena hal tersebut, tulisan ini menyajikan bagaimana teknik prosedur peceraian yang berakar dari perkawinan campuran.
Penyuluhan Hukum Perkawinan Dini Di Desa Beti Kabupaten Indralaya Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Syamsul  , Ismail Pettanase  , Koesrin Nawawie A
Published: October 2024

Pemerintah Desa Beti telah mengeluarkan surat edaran yang bertujuan untuk mematangkan usia perkawinan. Ini menyatakan bahwa usia minimum bagi wanita untuk menikah adalah 21 tahun, dan untuk pria adalah 23 tahun. Hal ini sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan, Pasal 2 Pasal 7 Ayat 1, yang memperbolehkan anak laki-laki dan perempuan menikah pada usia 19 tahun. Namun demikian, mengingat prevalensi perkawinan dini di Desa Beti, Kabupaten Indralaya, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, hukum dan surat edaran tersebut tampak ompong. Menurut data BPS Sumatera Selatan tahun 2019, 28,90% masyarakat yang melaksanakan perkawinan dini. Metode pengandian ini adalah Sosialisasi langsung dengan masyarakat adalah pendekatan yang diambil dalam hal ini. Sebagai hasil dari inisiatif ini, warga Desa Beti di Kabupaten Indralaya Provinsi Sumatera Selatan telah berjanji untuk meningkatkan usia menikah dan mendidik masyarakat mereka tentang potensi risiko yang terkait dengan perkawinan muda. Hasil pengabdian menyatakan bahwa masih banyak perkawinan muda di Desa Beti, Kabupaten Indralaya, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Perkawinan ini sebagian besar merupakan hasil dari pengawasan orang tua, pendidikan, dan faktor ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah kabupaten dan desa harus menerapkan kebijakan yang mendukung pematangan penduduk desa menuju usia menikah.
Kasus Hewan Ternak sebagai Perusak Tanaman Menurut Penyelesaian Hukum Adat di Desa Tanjung Serang Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Atika Ismail  , Susiana Kifli  , Eni Suarti  , Mona Wulandari  , Yonani Hasyim  , Hendra Apriyanto
Published: October 2024

Kehadiran hewan ternak sebagai perusak tanaman merupakan salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat agraris, terutama di wilayah-wilayah yang masih menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai hukum adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana penyelesaian hukum adat menghadapi kasus ini. Metode pengabdian ini berupa penyuluhan dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat di Desa Tanjung Serang Kabupaten OKI, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif dan wawancara mendalam dengan tokoh adat serta petani yang terdampak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam masyarakat yang masih mengakar kuat pada hukum adat, kasus hewan ternak sebagai perusak tanaman dianggap sebagai pelanggaran terhadap keseimbangan alam dan hubungan sosial. Penyelesaian hukum adat cenderung melibatkan proses musyawarah dan mediasi antara pemilik hewan ternak dan pemilik tanaman yang dirusak. Sanksi yang diberikan bisa berupa kompensasi material atau immaterial, serta upaya-upaya untuk mencegah kasus serupa terulang di masa depan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penyelesaian hukum adat terhadap kasus hewan ternak sebagai perusak tanaman cenderung lebih mengutamakan pendekatan restoratif dan kolaboratif, dengan fokus pada pemulihan hubungan antarindividu dan antarmasyarakat. Implikasi dari temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya memahami dinamika hukum adat dalam konteks penyelesaian konflik di masyarakat agraris, serta perlunya integrasi antara hukum adat dan sistem hukum nasional untuk mencapai keadilan yang komprehensif.
Designing an Interpretative Structural Model of the Antecedents of Employees' Morally Courageous Behaviors in Pervasive Crises (Case Study: Kerman University of Medical Sciences)
Authors:   Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Kerman Branch, Payame Noor University, Kerman, Iran., Taboli Hamid , Askari Bagherabadi Mahboobeh ,   Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran., Sheybani Elaheh ,   Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Kerman Branch, Payame Noor University, Kerman, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and objective Moral courage is necessary to observe moral behavior when dealing with moral challenges raised at the time of crisis. The purpose of this study is to present an interpretive structural model (ISM) of the antecedents of moral courage during crises among the staff of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Method This is a descriptive-analytical survey. After reviewing the literature and identifying the antecedents of moral courage, a questionnaire with semi-closed questions was designed and distributed among 18 managers and expert from the university, who were selected using non-probability purposive sampling method. The data were analyzed in MATLAB software, version 9 and MICMAC software, version 2. Results Based on the findings, the antecedents included individual factors (self-esteem, personal values, moral model, personality type), managerial factors (leadership, criticism acceptance, honesty, leader-member exchange), organizational factors (organizational transparency, accountability, culture), and environmental factors (economic, cultural, political/legal). Conclusion The results can help relevant authorities to plan and make appropriate decisions in this field.
Relationship of Work Safety Climate With Organizational Cynicism and Career Resilience of Firefighters
Authors:   Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Kheirdast Afrasiab , Sadri Demirchi Esmaeil ,   Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Padash Amin ,   Center for Climate Change and Health Research (CCCHR), Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran., Khodabandehlou Eslam Ali ,   Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Research Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Mohammadi Jahdi Zahra ,   Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and objective Work safety and organizational cynicism can affect career ‎resilience. The current study aims to predict the career resilience of firefighters based on the work safety climate and organizational cynicism. Method This is a correlational study ‎using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Participants were 300 people selected randomly from the personnel of 16 fire stations in Tehran and from among firefighters working in the Tehran Fire Department. We used three questionnaires, including the organizational cynicism scale, the Nordic safety climate questionnaire, and Morgan Lyon’s career resilience scale. Data were analyzed using SEM and regression analysis in AMOS software, version 24. Results The findings indicated a significant correlation between work safety climate, career resilience, and ‎organizational cynicism. The value of the maximum likelihood estimation statistic for the resulting SEM ‎model was 4673.97 (P<0.05), confirming the SEM model’s suitability. The results of analysis of variance showed that the work safety climate among firefighters was significantly different based on age, education level, and work experience. Conclusion The work safety climate among the firefighters in Tehran is not favorable . The lack of attention to firefighters’ perceptions of safety issues and the lack of attention to their livelihood and job promotion can create organizational cynicism among the personnel. There is a significant positive correlation between work safety climate and career resilience among firefighters. Thus, with the improvement of work safety conditions, the resilience of firefighters can be increased. Organizational cynicism has a negative relationship with the career resilience of firefighters.
A METHOD FOR EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION OF PLANCK’S LENGTH, MASS, AND TIME THROUGH THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ELECTRON. IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF SOME PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
Authors:   Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Timkov Valery F.
Published: October 2024

A method for empirical estimation of Planck's length, mass, and time is proposed, which is based on the characteristics of the electron, Avogadro, and Euler numbers, and the fine structure constant. Basic physical constants can be expressed in terms of Planck's length, mass, and time. The disadvantage of this method is that Planck's elementary particle does not exist in nature. Planck's particle is presented in a hypothetical, virtual form, its characteristics are theoretically calculated through the reduced Planck's constant, Newton's gravitation constant, and the constant speed of light in a vacuum, and the accuracy of these characteristics is low. This is due to the low accuracy of the Newtonian constant of gravity. This shortcoming can be eliminated if the characteristics of the hypothetical Planck particle are associated with a real elementary particle, for example, with an electron, and through its characteristics with the characteristics of leptons and baryons. Since the characteristics of leptons and baryons are determined experimentally and are among the most accurate, for example, for a proton now is 11 decimal places, establishing a connection with them of a hypothetical Planck particle will increase the accuracy of the values: of Planck's length, mass and time, of Planck constant, of elementary electric charge, of the Newtonian gravitational constant, of electron mass, of Planck temperature up to the accuracy level of a proton. As is known, the 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures decided to define one of the basic SI units of measurement through physical constants. In particular, with this solution, the kilogram is now defined in terms of Planck's constant, and the ampere is now determined in terms of the value of the elementary electric charge. Accordingly, with increasing accuracy of the values of Planck's constant and elementary electric charge, the accuracy of the values of a kilogram and Ampere will increase.
A METHOD OF ESTIMATING PROBABILISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SIGNALS IN CONDITIONS OF NON-LINEARITY OF THE MEASURING CHANNEL OF TORQUE CON-VERTERS
Authors:   National Aviation University, Kvasnikov V. P. , Kvashuk D. M. ,   National Aviation University, Molchanova K. V. ,   National Aviation University, Ilchenko V. M. ,   National Aviation University
Published: October 2024

The paper proposes a method for calculating the probabilistic characteristics of signals for a wide class of nonlinear torque transducers. The presented approach is based on modeling the process of processing the input signal, taking into account the multiplicative error of the transducer. A methodology has been developed for estimating the probability density function and numerical characteristics of the output signal of a nonlinear torque transducer for different distribution laws of the input signal and types of nonlinear transformation functions. To achieve this goal, the following steps were performed: algorithms and computer programs were developed for numerical simulation and calculation of the characteristics of signals at the output of a nonlinear transducer for given input parameters, a series of computational experiments were conducted for different combinations of distribution laws of input signals and nonlinear transformation functions, the influence of different distribution laws of the input signal on the probability density function and numerical characteristics of the output signal was investigated, the influence of different types of nonlinear transformation functions on the probability density function and numerical characteristics of the output signal was studied, the obtained results were analyzed, and recommendations were formulated for the choice of the nonlinear transformation function and the distribution law of the input signal to achieve the desired characteristics of the output signal of the torque transducer. The paper discusses the features of the proposed algorithm, as well as the simulation results for a number of examples of transducers with different nonlinear characteristics and parameters of multiplicative disturbance. An analysis of the accuracy of the obtained estimates of probabilistic characteristics is carried out. The developed algorithm allows estimating the probabilistic characteristics of the output signals of nonlinear torque transducers at the design stage, which contributes to improving the quality of the development of control systems. This method can be useful for engineers and scientists involved in the design and analysis of automatic control systems with nonlinear elements.
ADVANTAGES OF AUTONOMOUS SOLAR POWER PLANTS FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES
Authors:   State University of Intellectual Technology and Communications, Haber А. А. , Zianhirova L. T. ,   State University of Intellectual Technology and Communications, Bermenko Y. V. ,   State University of Intellectual Technology and Communications, Haber V. S. ,   State University of Intellectual Technology and Communications
Published: October 2024

The article examines the state of research and practice of using autonomous solar power plants, the advantages and disadvantages of their use in everyday life. The main concepts of solar energy, autonomy and components of solar power plants are considered. Current normative documents regarding the researched issue are considered. Solar energy is obtained from solar radiation and can be transformed into electricity or heat. It is freely available, and thanks to advances in technology, we can now use even more of the solar energy that is constantly available to us. Solar energy has the least negative impact on the environment compared to any other energy source. It does not emit greenhouse gases and does not pollute water. Its maintenance also requires very little water, unlike, for example, nuclear power plants, which require 20 times more water. The production of solar energy does not create any noise, which is a big advantage, since many solar installations, such as residential solar panels, are located in urban areas. Solar power plants are quite innovative equipment. Solar energy is one of the most dynamically developing branches of alternative (renewable) energy. Solar energy is developing at an increasing pace and has already turned into a powerful industry in the world's largest economies. In Ukraine, the growth rate of solar energy accelerated this year. Solar energy for residential buildings is a hot topic today.
RESEARCH OF THE DEPENDENCE BETWEEN THE BPL SYSTEM DATA RATE AND NUM-BER OF THE LOADED BRANCHES OF THE HOUSE WIRING NETWORK
Authors:   Odesa Research Institute of Communications, Yanevych A. K. , Tryfonova K. V. ,   State University of Intellectual Technology and Communications
Published: October 2024

The work is devoted to research of the characteristics of Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) transmission systems (TS) when working on domestic house electrical wiring networks (HEWN). The object of research is the component of domestic electrical wiring network (HEWN) – branch. The influence of the branch load resistance on attenuation and data transmission rate acros HEWN fragment with one branch in the cases of the idle and short type of load, the load with active and reactive resistance type in the case of traditional orthogonal harmonic signals and generalized class orthogonal harmonic signals used in BPL TS was reviewed previously. The influence of number and position of active and reactive character load of branch on attenuation, phase and data transmission rate acros HEWN fragment in the case of traditional orthogonal harmonic signals on BPL TS uses is researched in the paper. Calculations are carried out and the results of research of frequency characteristics of attenuation, phase and data transmission rate acros HEWN fragment, formed with widely used in Ukraine PPV type wire (the cross-sectional area of the conductor is 2,5 mm2), in the range of 2 MHz to 30 MHz are given. The research of dependence between BPL TS data transmission rate acros HEWN fragment (in the case of 25ºMHz-PB frequency plan uses) and number and position of the load branches in the case of the idle type of load, the load with active and reactive resistance type (R, L, C) that connected to the poles of the load on the branch is researched in the paper. A comparison of the data transmission rate acros HEWN fragment for different numbers and variants of the position of the loaded branches that poles of which connected to the loads of different types (idle, R, L, C) was made.
Private equity in football: How the arrival of funds has impacted the industry
Authors: Modina Leonardo
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the role of private equity investments in professional football clubs, a phenomenon that has been growing in recent years. The results of the work conducted confirm the impact of private equity not only in terms football clubs financial results, but also as a force for change on the entire industry. The qualitative analysis conducted makes it possible to identify the criteria by which ideal target companies are identified. The quantitative analysis introduces an original calculation formula to determine the value of a football club. Its application is shown on a sample of football clubs. The study is of particular relevance because it offers insights into the effectiveness of the private equity channel in stimulating investment in professional football. Indeed, fostering an understanding of the effects of such investment is key to encouraging changes that maximize the benefits of private equity players' entry and mitigate the potential risks.
The Effect of Occupational Safety and Health Counseling on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment at the Special UPTD of the Medan Hajj Hospital
Authors: Nasution Nurhamidah , Nuraini Nuraini , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri
Published: October 2024

The development of occupational safety and health science in the work environment can be seen with the development of advanced science and technology as well as the emergence of new innovations in the work environment and encouraging companies to improve the knowledge and skills of their human resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the Influence of Occupational Safety and Health Education (K3) on the Behavior of Using Personal Protective Equipment at the Special UPTD of Haji Medan Hospital. This research includes quasi-experimental research. This study uses a one group pretest and pottest design. The population in this study is emergency room nurses at the Special UPTD of Haji Medan Hospital which totals 50 nurses in June-August 2024. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling. The measuring tool in this study uses a univariate and bivariate distribution of non-parametric data with the Wilcoxon test. The results of the Wilcoxon statistical test of both knowledge and attitude obtained a P-value of 0.000. This means that at alpha 5% there is a significant difference in median score between before and after counseling. Meanwhile, in the aspect of action, there was an increase in the number of PPE users between before and after counseling. Because the results of Asymp.Sig of knowledge, attitudes and actions are less than 0.05, H0 is rejected so that there is an influence of occupational health and safety counseling (K3) on the behavior of using PPE. In conclusion, there is an influence of Occupational Safety and Health Counseling (K3) on the behavior of using personal protective equipment at the Special UPTD of Haji Medan Hospital. The suggestions are expected to increase the frequency of counseling and provide information on the importance of using personal protective equipment in the workplace, provide strict sanctions against nurses who do not use personal protective equipment at work, increase the frequency.
Coastal Clean Water Crisis: How Coastal Communities are Coping with Limited Access to Clean Water
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sari Nailla Deswita , Heliani Raisah , Nur Wahdan Muhamad Habib
Published: October 2024

This discussion addresses the water crisis in coastal areas, analyzing how local communities cope with limited access to clean water. In daily life, water issues in coastal regions are severe, necessitating that communities manage and adapt to the water crisis to ensure usability. This research aims to analyze how coastal communities endure and address the water crisis. The study employs qualitative research with a descriptive method. Data for this research were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with researchers conducting fieldwork to collect data. Data analysis techniques used include the Miles and Huberman method. The results indicate that the clean water crisis in coastal areas is caused by several factors, and communities have developed various strategies to overcome limited access to clean water. However, there are numerous challenges faced, requiring communities to find solutions.
Analysis of Outpatient Patient Satisfaction at Jayagiri Health Center, Lembang Village, West Bandung District
Authors: Putri Meilinda Eka , Hadithya Riyan
Published: October 2024

The success of a company depends on how well its customers remain satisfied when using the products and services offered. Similarly, in the context of healthcare services, a hospital's positive or negative reputation is often determined by the patients' evaluations during inpatient or outpatient care. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method, which aims to understand the phenomena experienced by the research subjects. The study found that the highest value of the satisfaction variable is two and is found in the question "How do you think about the suitability of service requirements with the type of service?" with an average score of 4.07 and "How do you think about the fairness of the cost/fee in the service?" with an average score of 4.07. Additionally, the lowest value is found in the statement "How do you think about the speed of service delivery?" with an average score of 3.17. Therefore, it can be concluded that the patient satisfaction variable in this study can be stated as good, as the average score of this variable is 3.86, which falls into the category of 4 (Good). The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that patients who receive outpatient care at Jayagiri Health Center are already satisfied with the services provided by the center.
Systematic Literature Review: The Effect of Work Posture on Musculoskeletal Disorders in Goods Loading and Unloading Workers
Authors: Giranza Virgian , Husna Jihaan Hazrati , Tanjung Sofyan Alri Ansyah , Purba Sri Hajijah
Published: October 2024

In lifting and transporting activities, many are still done manually, so in this activity, it is necessary to have the correct work posture when carrying out lifting and transporting goods. Lifting activities with the wrong working posture can increase the risk of occupational diseases, namely musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to find out whether there is an influence of work posture on musculoskeletal disorders. The research method used is a literature review of seven journals that have been selected based on inclusion criteria. The results of this study showed that in lifting and transporting activities, work posture affects musculoskeletal disorders, so there is a need to improve the abnormal working posture in lifting activities.
Implementation Models and Examples of Health Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Nasution Irfan Sazali , Br. Ginting Hutri Agustina , Br Purba Saskia Khairunnisa , Hutagalung Nuraisyah Dera Marsella , Nasution Fiola Syifa Azura , Kesuma Aldimas Maulana , Gurusinga Rizka Azura Efsa , Lubis Selvia , Rizky Dinda Julia , Sitorus Rezki Alya Mawaddah
Published: October 2024

Indonesia's health policy continues to develop in line with changes in community needs and the global situation (Ministry of Health, 2020). However, the implementation of health policies often faces various challenges. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of analyzing examples of health policy implementation in Indonesia, including the problems. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method, namely collecting data from various secondary sources including journals, government reports and other official articles. The terms used in the literature review as a source for writing this journal are implementation, policy, and health. The results of this research show that the implementation of health policy in Indonesia faces various challenges, suchas limited resources, lack of coordination between stakeholders, and cultural barriers, as well as achieving optimal results varies. This also shows that improvements are needed in certain aspects.
En busca de la audiencia: materialización del rol cívico, de infoentretenimiento y de servicio en las noticias
Authors: Humanes Humanes María Luisa
Published: October 2024

Basado en un análisis de contenido de noticias de 12 medios de comunicación en España (n = 6 088), el trabajo analiza la presencia de los roles periodísticos que abordan las audiencias: de servicio, infoentretenimiento y cívico. Los resultados han puesto de manifiesto que el rol de infoentretenimiento es el más presente, y que es muy similar la presencia de los roles de servicio y cívico. Se ha concluido que los medios periodísticos conceptualizan a sus audiencias como espectadores. Respecto a los factores que explican la mayor presencia de cada rol, la temática noticiosa es el más relevante.