bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of supervised aerobic exercise on the physical and mental health of lung cancer patients
Authors: Ma Jianli , Chu Zhong , Wang Xiaowei , Zhang Lei , Tang Dabei
Published: June 2020

Background The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of aerobic exercise and climate on cardiopulmonary fitness, overall physical health, and mental health in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 111 NSCLC patients with stage IIIB and stage IV disease that had undergone standard treatment were separated into two experimental groups: a control group that conducted stretching exercises, and a test group that practiced Guolin qigong (GLQG). Of these patients, 56 remained in Heilongjiang Province and 55 went to Hainan Province during a 4-month period in the winter. Interventions were practiced three times per week. Cardiorespiratory fitness was the primary study outcome, whereas secondary outcomes included changes in anxiety, depression, dyspnea, immune functionality, and quality of life (QOL). Results Patients in the Heilongjiang Province cohort that had practiced GLQG exhibited significant improvements in cardiopulmonary functionality, depression, and QOL (social well-being, functional well-being, and lung cancer subscale scores) relative to the control group ( P <0.05). Similarly, in the Hainan Province cohort, the patients that had practiced GLQG exhibited significant improvements in their cardiorespiratory fitness, dyspnea, depression, and QOL relative to controls ( P <0.05). Following a 4-month intervention period, we additionally detected significant differences between patient groups in both provinces with respect to both mean albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values ( P <0.05). The intervention cohort in Hainan Province exhibited significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2MAX, FEV1/FVC (%), FEV1% pred, and FVC % pred), dyspnea, and QOL ( P hysical and emotional well-being subscales) relative to the intervention cohort in Heilongjiang Province ( P <0.05). Conclusions GLQG and a more favorable climate are both associated with significant improvements in the QOL, immune functionality, and cardiorespiratory function of NSCLC patients.
A Study on The Entrepreneurial Opportunities, Global and Indian Economy in 3D Printing Sector
Authors: P Sethu Ramalingam , K Mayandi , N Rajini , S.K Rajesh Kanna , Ayrilmis Nadir
Published: June 2020

The main aim of the research was to explore all the opportunities, economic aspects, and challenges faced by various 3D printing industries, entrepreneurs, and consumers. 3D printing is a revolutionary digital production technique in Industry 4.0 that can transform the manufacturing sector to a new dimension and thereby creating a lot of opportunities and paved the way for economic growth both in the global and Indian industries. Moreover, the possibilities and availabilities of the 3D printing business opportunities for the entrepreneurs were studied based on their domain-specific areas such as application, manufacturing, programming, design, and development. In recent decades, most of the industries have focused on 3D printing technologies as it has arbitrary potential in all the sectors, single universal machine for producing intricate shapes and having online remote access. The present study also considered quick prototyping, fast manufacturing, along with the current novel methodologies in fabricating 3D elements. The advancements in 3D printing technology for various other industries like electrical industries in inventing receptors, circuit boards, etc. were deliberated. Thus the outcome of this specific study could be used to identify the entrepreneur company models in 3D printing and its business version by considering economic growth.
Physical activity and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children: recent trends and correlates
Authors: YANG XI , Leung Alice , Jago Russell , Yu Shichen , Zhao Wenhua
Published: June 2020

Background

With the progress of urbanization and technology advancement in China, this study aimed to examine the trends in and correlates of PA and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children.
Methods

Self-reported physical activity data were extracted from the “China Health and Nutrition Survey” project. A total of 6,936 observations (4341 subjects) aged 6–17 years old who participated in at least one round of follow-up surveys from 2004 to 2015 were included. Random-effects ordinal regression models were applied to investigate the trends in the levels of PA, and repeated measures mixed models were applied to examine the trends in and distribution characteristics of PA and sedentary behaviors, controlling for the random effect of communities and adjusting for socio-demographic differences. Quantile regression models were applied to explore the influencing factors at each quartile of PA volume and time spent in sedentary behaviors.
Results

The prevalence of physical inactivity among Chinese Children aged 6–17 years increased from 76.0% in 2004 to 81.5% in 2015 (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.19 ~ 1.90, p < 0.001). The average weekly volume of PA declined from 41.7 ± 1.6 to 35.9 ± 1.7 MET-hrs/week (P < 0.001) from 2004 to 2015, of which, in-school PA declined significantly by 4.6 MET-hrs/week (P < 0.001). The time spent in sedentary behaviors rose from 23.9 ± 0.6 hrs/week in 2004 to 25.7 ± 0.6 hrs/week in 2015 (p < 0.001), with more profound increases observed for the time on screen-based entertainment (increased by 2.9 hrs/week, P < 0.001). Age, ethnicity, and region showed significant effects on the volume of PA across quartiles (p < 0.001). Compared with children residing in rural area or with low urbanization level, sedentary time was significantly higher than those residing in urban areas (p < 0.001) or with high urbanization level (p ≤ 0.005) across quartiles.
Conclusions

To improve PA and curb sedentary behaviors among Chinese children aged 6–17 years old, urgent actions should be taken to promote in-school PA and to reduce their screen time. The findings also suggest certain subgroups and geographical areas that are at higher risk of physical inactivity, which warrants more attention when designing and implementing physical activity-promoting policy and action.
Characteristics of Clostridioides difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tang Chenjie , Liu Chengcheng , Han Yaping , Zhang Xiaohui , Xia Wenying , Ni Fang , Liu Genyan
Published: June 2020

Background: The epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI) in China is different from western countries and the characteristics of CDI among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China may be unique. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and to find out the risk factors of CDI among IBD inpatients in Jiangsu Province, China. Methods: Patients with IBD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from August 2013 to December 2018 were enrolled. IBD patients were matched with non IBD patients according to age and gender. Diarrhea samples were sent for CDI diagnosis and the molecular epidemiology investigation was performed. Finally, patients’ information was collected and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the independent risk factors of CDI in IBD patients. Results: In this study, the incidence of CDI in IBD patients was much higher than that in non IBD patients (24.6% vs. 9.0%) and community acquired infection was the main kind. The predominant type of epidemic strain of C. difficile in this study was ST54. The shorter history of IBD and recent use of quinolone antibiotics were independent risk factors for CDI among diarrhea patients with IBD. Conclusion: If the duration of IBD is within one year or quinolone antibiotics have been used recently, clinicians should consider the possibility of IBD patients complicated with CDI and adjust the treatment plan.
k-mer proximity index for phylogeny comparison of SARS-CoV-2 with other pathogens
Authors: Pratibha  , Shaju Cyril , Kamal  , Gupta Aman
Published: June 2020

We developed a compact and computationally inexpensive method for in-silico comparison of nucleotide sequences at a macro level using subtraction-percentage plots (SP-plots) of a modified chaos game representation (CGR). Analyzing these plots, we defined the k-mer proximity index quantifying the differences between SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens’ genome sequences. We categorized 31 pathogens, on the basis of their proximity to SARS-CoV-2, in four groups to possibly plan a treatment strategy for Covid-19.
Guide to Harvesting Heracleum Persicum: How Essential Oil Composition and Phenolic Acid Profile Fluctuate at Different Phenological Stages?
Authors: Hazrati Saeid , Mollaei Saeed , Angourani Hossein Rabbi , Hosseini Seyyed Jaber , Sedaghat Mojde , Nicola Silvana
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUN: Heracleum persicum commonly named Golpar, is a principal native medicinal plant in Iran. Collecting H. persicum at the appropriate growing stage is the key factor to achieve the high phytochemical quality to meet consumer’s needs. In the present experiment, the aerial parts of this plant were harvested at up to six different developmental stages during the growing season to determine the phytochemical profiles. RESULTS: Our results indicated that the highest essential oil yield and extract were obtained in the mid-mature seed stage (3.5%),) and floral budding stage (10.40%). In the vegetative stage, limonene (18.05), in floral budding stage, caryophyllene (14.07), anethole (14.55%), and β-bisabolene (12.56%), in the full flowering stage, myristicin (15.02%), and hexyl butyrate (9.05%); in the early development of seeds stage, hexyl butyrate (32.08%), and octyl acetate (11.67%); in the mid-mature seeds stage hexyl butyrate (38.75%), octyl acetate (14.47%); in the late-mature/ripe seeds stage, hexyl butyrate (23.59%), and octyl acetate (10.48%) recorded as the main components. The analysis of phenolic acids demonstrated cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, and rosmarinic acid as the main phenolic acids. The highest phenolic acids content was obtained in the floral budding stage (287.40 mg g –1 dry extract). Cinnamic acid was found as the major phenolic compound in the vegetative stage following by floral budding, the full flowering stage, the early development of seeds and late-mature/ripe seeds stages. P-coumaric acid was the most abundant phenolic compounds in the mid-mature seeds stage. The development stage has a significant impact on the content and composition of both essential oil and phenolic acid composition. CONCLUSION: In this regard, the harvest time of H. persicum aerial parts can be selected to achieve the highest secondary metabolites of interest. The results of this study can be used as a guideline for grower to obtain the highest amount of desirable metabolites, beneficial in the food and pharmaceutical industries as well as economic benefits.
Premenstrual Psychosis In A Patient With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Pang Tamara , Lui Yit Shiang , Chee Tji Tjian
Published: June 2020

Periodic psychosis in relation to the menstrual cycle phases has been reported but its pathogenesis not yet known. We report a case of a 28 year old female with schizoaffective disorder since 18 years old. She was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 3 years later and was noted to have distinct psychotic episodes that coincided acutely with her premenstrual period. Peculiarly she exhibited delusions of pregnancy during her psychotic episodes. This was followed by near resolution with the end of menstruation. This case sheds light on this atypical presentation of psychosis in female patients as well as its potential aetiology.
Knock Down of LINC00504 Represses Proliferation and Invasion via Regulation of miR-140-5p in Breast Cancer
Authors: hou tieying , ye long , qin qingsong , wu shulin
Published: June 2020

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer in the world. Emerging evidence has demonstrated the critical role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of LINC00504 in breast cancer progression. Methods: Quantification real-time PCR was used to analyzed the expression levels of LINC00504 and miR‐140-5p in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed by Cell Counting Kit‐8, transwell assay and Immunofluorescence. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA Immunoprecipitation assay were performed to verify the interaction between LINC00504 and miR‐140-5p. The expression levels of VEGFA, CDH1 and VIM were demonstrated by western blot assays. Result: Here, we found that LINC00504 is up regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Down regulation of LINC00504 mediated by shRNA suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, LINC00504 was found to competitively regulate miR‐140-5p via targeting VEGFA. Inhibition of miR‐140-5p attenuated the knockdown-LINC00504 induced inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusion: Taken together, our results demonstrated the mechanism of the LINC00504–miR‐140-5p–VEGFA axis in breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion and may lead to new lncRNA-based diagnostics or therapeutics for breast cancer.
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of CD44s and CD44v6 Expression in Patients with Glioma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Kai , Zhang Xinyi , Xing Changsheng , Guan Wenting , Zhang Luyuan , Guo Kai , Luo Mei , Liu Zhixiong
Published: June 2020

Background: Cancer stem cell surface marker CD44 has been revealed to promote tumor growth, progression, and metastasis in gliomas. Although the prognostic and clinicopathological value of CD44 standard form (CD44s) and its variant isoform CD44v6 expression in glioma patients has been evaluated in several independent studies, their results remained controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic and clinicopathological association of CD44s/CD44v6 expression with glioma patients.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wangfang Data. The statistical analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0 and Review Manager 5.3.Results: A total of 43 studies with 2817 glioma patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results indicated that positive expression of CD44s was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS, univariate analysis, HR =1.63, 95% CI= [1.16–2.29], P=0.005; multivariate analysis, HR=2.14, 95%CI= [1.21, 3.78], P=0.009), and reduced progression-free survival (PFS) in the univariate analysis (HR=2.09, 95% CI= [1.59, 2.75], P<0.00001), but not with PFS in the multivariate analysis (P>0.05) or tumor recurrence (P>0.05). CD44 expression was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues when compared with non-tumorous brain tissues (CD44s, OR=31.31, 95% CI= [15.22, 64.43], P<0.00001; CD44v6, OR=13.18, 95% CI= [5.51, 31.51], P<0.00001). In particular, CD44 expression was preferentially expressed in high-grade gliomas (grade III-IV vs. grade I-II, CD44s, OR=4.67, 95% CI= [3.18, 6.87], P<0.00001; CD44v6, OR=2.06, 95% CI= [1.21, 3.51], P=0.008). CD44s expression was lower in brain metastases than that in primary gliomas (OR=0.25, 95% CI= [0.10, 0.60], P=0.002), however, higher expression of CD44v6 was detected in brain metastases when compared with primary gliomas (OR=49.44, 95% CI= [13.06, 187.22], P<0.00001).Conclusions:This meta-analysis revealed the prognostic value of CD44s expression and clinicopathological significance of CD44s/CD44v6 expression in gliomas. Increased CD44s expression can predict worse prognosis of glioma patients. Particularly, CD44s is an independent prognostic factor for poor OS of glioma patients. Both CD44s and CD44v6 were glioma patients predominantly expressed in glioma tissues, especially in high-grade gliomas. Additionally, CD44v6 is a potential diagnostic biomarker for differentiating brain metastases from primary gliomas in individual cases. Therapeutic strategies targeting CD44 in gliomas should be further explored in the future.
Research on Foot Trajectory Tracking of Parallel Wheel-legged Robot based on Dynamic Model Predictive Control
Authors: Liu Daohe , Wang Shoukun , Chen Zhihua , Wang Junzheng
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the foot trajectory tracking control for parallel structure of the sixwheel-legged robot is investigated. The accuracy of trajectory tracking and dynamic responsewith heavy load are the main challenges of parallel mechanism. To guarantee the tracking performance and improve dynamic response frequency to posture input, a method based on dynamic model predictive control is proposed under the establishment of dynamic model of single leg. Newton-Eulerian equation is derived and converted into a discrete state space expression for velocity loop control, appropriate parameters including prediction time domain, control time domain and proportional gain are determined by co-simulation. Desired sinusoidal trajectories with different frequencies are tracked with satisfactory performance in terms of accuracy and response frequency. Finally, comparative experimental results using BIT-NAZA robot derived from the proposed control strategy indicate that the delay error and amplitude error are better than PI controller under the same conditions. This research can provide theoretical and engineering guidance for accurate planning of intelligent robot, and facilitate the control performance of wheel-legged robot in practical system.
Polypharmacy and lack of joy predict physical frailty among northern Japanese community-dwellers from the ORANGE cohort study
Authors: Kume Yu , Takahashi Tomoko , Itakura Yuki , Lee Sangyoon , Makizako Hyuma , Ono Tsuyosi , Shimada Hiroyuki , Ota Hidetaka
Published: June 2020

Background: A gradually increasing prevalence of frailty is recognized in the super-aging society that Japan faces, and early detection and intervention of frailty in community-dwellers are critical issues to prevent frailty. Although previous studies have well documented the characteristics of physical disability, there is limited information on frail state differences among older adults in Japanese rural areas. The aim of this study was to clarify the association and predictors of frail status in northen Japan community-dwellers aged 65 or more.Methods: The investigation was conducted from 2018 to 2020. After obtaining informed consent from each participant, assessments and outcomes were evaluated according to the ORANGE protocol. Participants were recruited from Akita community-dwellers in northern Japan. We applied the frailty index of Gerontology - the Study of Geriatric Syndromes (NCGG-SGS) to classify frailty status, collecting data of demographics and psycho-social status using the Kihon checklist and cognitive domains including the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Functional Assessment Tool (NCGG-FAT).Results: Our subjects included 313 older adults divided into 138 robust, 163 prefrail and 12 frail. For statistical analysis, physical frailty and cognitive decline were related, and polypharmacy and a lack of joy in daily life were the main predictors of frail status.Conclusions: Reducing medications and finding fun in your life are important to prevent frailty.
PLCG2 as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease.
Authors: Tsai Andy P. , Dong Chuanpeng , Preuss Christoph , Moutinho Miguel , Lin Peter Bor-Chian , Hajicek Nicole , Sondek John , Bissel Stephanie J. , Oblak Adrian L. , Carter Gregory W. , Liu Yunlong , Landreth Gary E. , Lamb Bruce T. , Nho Kwangsik
Published: June 2020

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by robust microgliosis and phenotypic changes that accompany disease pathogenesis. Indeed, genetic variants in microglial genes are linked to risk for late-onset AD (LOAD). Phospholipase C 𝛾 2 (PLCG2) participates in the transduction of signals emanating from immune cell-surface receptors that regulate the inflammatory response and is selectively expressed by microglia in the brain. A rare variant in PLCG2 (P522R) was previously found to be protective against LOAD. Here, we performed association analysis to identify a new genetic variation in PLCG2 that is associated with elevated risk for LOAD. Methods Using whole genome sequencing (N=1,894) and RNA-Seq (N=1,077) data from the AMP-AD cohort, we investigated whether a missense variant in PLCG2 (M28L) was associated with risk for LOAD. We have examined the homology model and space-filling model of PLCG2 generated with PyMOL to investigate the protein structure of PLCG2 with substitutions of LOAD risk and protective variants in PLCG2 . Gene expression analysis and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) of PLCG2 were conducted. We also evaluated the relationship between PLCG2 expression levels and amyloid plaque density and expression levels of microglia specific markers ( AIF1 and TMEM119 ). Age, sex, and APOE ε4 carrier status were used as covariates. Finally, we investigated the longitudinal changes PLCG2 expression in the 5XFAD mouse model of AD and it relationship to amyloid pathology progression. Results A rare missense variant in PLCG2 (M28L) confers increased AD risk ( p =0.047; OR=1.164 [95% CI=1.002-1.351]). PLCG2 is highly expressed in the brain and was significantly up-regulated in the parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus in LOAD. Higher PLCG2 expression levels were associated with increased brain amyloid deposition. The findings were validated in 5xFAD mice, showing a disease progression-dependent increase in Plcg2 expression with amyloid pathology. Furthermore, eQTL analysis identified several variants as associated with increased PLCG2 expression levels in the brain and other organs. Conclusions Our results provide further evidence that PLCG2 and the M28L variant confers increase risk for LOAD and may play an important role in AD pathophysiology.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of secondary glioblastoma
Authors: Fang Shengyu , Li Yiming , Wang Yinyan , Zhang Zhong , Jiang Tao
Published: June 2020

Background Secondary glioblastoma (sGBM) is a specific, and prognostic factors of sGBM are still unclear. This study retrospectively investigated clinical prognosis factors of survival outcomes of sGBM.Methods All of 125 patients were recruited in this study. Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes were acquired from inpatient records and follow-ups. Kaplan‑Meier survival analysis and Cox survival analysis were applied to identifying prognostic factors.Results The median overall survival (OS) were 301 days. Gross total resection (GTR) (HR = 0.613, 95% confident interval (CI) = 0.408-0.923, p = 0.019), diagnosed sGBM without newly occurring symptoms when regular re-examination (DR) (HR= 0.481, 95% CI = 0.308-0.750, p = 0.001), higher postoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score (HR = 0.977, 95% CI = 0.961-0.993, p = 0.006) were independently favorable prognosis factors for OS. GTR was the favorable factor for OS of sGBM patients of DR (HR = 0.238, 95% CI = 0.100-0.570, p = 0.001) and with new functional impairments (HR = 0.410, 95% CI = 0.205-0.821, p = 0.012). Additionally, postoperative KPS score not decreasing was the favorable factor for OS of sGBM patients with new functional impairments (HR = 0.401, 95% CI = 0.202-0.795, p = 0.009) and with new occurring epilepsy (HR = 0.295, 95% CI from 0.092 to 0.950, p = 0.041).Conclusions For patients with sGBM, GTR, higher postoperative KPS score, and diagnosed without newly occurring symptoms were favorable factors for the OS. The GTR was recommended for sGBM patients to improve survival outcomes.
Different source of sample strains corresponds to different characteristics of patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterium
Authors: Pan Xinling , Ji Songjun , Jin Xiaoling , Zhao Jin
Published: June 2020

Background: The non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) strains are important in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. However, the different source of the sample may correspond to different characteristics of both NTM disease and infected patients and these aspects have not been investigated.Methods: Samples isolated from different sources in inpatients with NTM strains were comprehensively analyzed in this study, including basic information, laboratory examination and coexisting diseases.Results: A total of 242 inpatients with NTM strains were considered in this study. Sputum (n=129) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF, n=50) were the most common samples among patients with NTM strains from whom a sample was collected from a single source (n=179). The patients with NTM-positive BALF differed in age, gender, acid fast assay, the percentage of presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis, and symptom duration compared to the patients with NTM-positive sputum. The patients with COPD were older and mainly male, with longer symptom duration, with higher rates of smoking history and prostatic hyperplasia than those without COPD. Patients with bronchiectasis were mainly females, with a lower percentage of them with a tuberculosis history and smoking history compared to patients without bronchiectasis. Excluding the patients with COPD and bronchiectasis, patients with NTM-positive sputum were older, with positive results in acid-fast assay and T. spot assay compared to patients with NTM-positive BALF.Conclusions: The different specimen source in NTM patients was associated with different patients’ characteristics, and its choice could be influenced by presence of COPD and bronchiectasis. Patients with COPD and bronchiectasis differed in gender and smoking history, thus, these aspects should be comprehensively analyzed during the investigation of patients with pulmonary NTM infection.
Skin defects affecting goat skin quality in Tanqua Abergelle district, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Guash Abay , Nigus Zinabu
Published: June 2020

Background: Skins of goat are among export animal products of the country that contributes foreign currency earnings. But many skins are rejected in the tanneries of Ethiopia due to their low quality. The purpose of this study was to identify the major defects causing low quality of skins in Tanqua Abergelle districts.Methods: Randomly 60 skins of goat were collected to identify the major defects that degrade the quality of skin in Tanqua Abergelle districts and were analyzed in Sheba Leather Industry at the wet-blue stage of processing.Results: Accordingly the major defects encountered were scratch (83.33), wound (50.00), knife (46.67), improper bleeding (43.33), demodectic mange (20.00), poor substance (18.33), pox/wart (16.67), age (6.67), hole (6.67), crack (5.00), brand mark (1.67) and putrification (1.67), percent respectively. The frequently detected defects were scratch (83.33%) followed by wound (50%) and least detected defects were putrification (1.67%) and brand mark (1.67%). From the total defects the proportion of demodectic mange was 20%. Out of the 60 skins 58 of them were encountered two and more than two defects. Those skins with more than two defects and above have been graded under 6 and above. According to Sheba Leather Industry guidelines, those skins graded under grades greater than 7 are rejected. Therefore, out of 60 goat skins 26 (43.3%) of them has been rejected. Most of the rejected skins were affected with at least two defects and above.Conclusions: In conclusion, around 12 major defects that have high impact on the quality of skin have been identified. Therefore, to minimize the defects of the skin extension service should be promoted to increase the public and butchers awareness and collaborative work with stakeholders should be enhanced.
Application of ELRA in Radical Resection of GCLM：A Case Report
Authors: Wang Hong , Zhang Chengcheng , Ou Yanjiao , Zhang Leida
Published: June 2020

Backgroung Radical resection of gastric cancer liver metastases could increase the 5-year survival rate of GCLM patients. However, patients may lose the theoretical feasibility of surgery just due to the critical location of liver metastasis in some cases.Case presentation A 29-year-old female with chief complaints of chronic abdominal pain for one year. Abdominal CT and MRI examination suggested a mass of unknown pathological nature located between first and second hilars and the margin of lower segment of the right lobe of liver. The anterior wall of the gastric antrum was unevenly thickened. The diagnosis of (gastric antrum) intramucosal well-differentiated adenocarcinomav was histopathologically confirmed by puncture biopsy with gastroscopy guidance. Pathological property of liver mass remains unclear before surgery. She accepted radical resection（excision of both gastric tumors and ELRA simultaneously）followed by XELOX adjuvant chemotherapy. Without serious postoperative complications, the patient was successfully discharged on the 20th day after operation. Pathological examination of excised specimen indicated that gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for primary gastric tumor and R0 resection for liver metastases were achieved. The resected mass was confirmed to be poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma (hepatoid adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation) with liver metastases of 6 and 8 segments. Follow-up review showed no recurrence and metastasis within liver. The mother of three children miraculously lived a happy life and worked like normal people.Conclusions: Application of ELRA in radical resection of GCLM can help selected patients with intrahepatic metastases located in complex sites get a favourable clinical outcome.
Anti-Cancer Activity of Piperine Against Colon Carcinogenesis Via Modulation of NF-κB/Nrf-2/Keap1/HO-1 Signalling Pathways
Authors: Rehman Muneeb U , Rashid Summya , Arafah Azher , Qamar Wajhul , Al-Saffar Rana M , Ahmad Ajaz , Almatroudi Nada M , Alqahtani Saeed M Abdullah , Rashid Shahzada Mudasir , Ahmad Sheikh Bilal
Published: June 2020

Background: Colon cancer is the most common cancer in men and women globally, killing millions of people annually. Though widespread development has been made in the management of colorectal cancer, still there is an urgency to find novel targets for effective treatment of these patients. Piperine is an alkaloid found in black pepper having anticancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2–kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Nrf-2/Keap1)/ Heme-oxygenase1 (HO-1) signaling pathway plays a vital part in shielding cells from the injury of intracellular oxidative stress and inflammation. A potential cross-talk between Nrf-2 and NF-κB pathways is recognized during cancerous growth and expansion. We studied this pathway extensively in the present study to discover novel targets in prevention of chemically induced colon cancer with piperine.Results: We found that NF-κB inhibition occurs by the activation of Nrf-2 blocks downstream inflammatory mediators/cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, Cox-2, PGE2, iNOS, NO, MPO) and triggers antioxidant response machinery (HO-1, NQO-1 GSH, GR, GPx, CAT, SOD), scavenges ROS, decreases lipid peroxidation. Histological findings further validated our defensive effects of piperine on colon carcinogenesis. Piperine down-regulates CEA, MDF and ACF, markers of precancerous lesions in colon.Conclusion: Our results indicate that piperine may be an effective molecule for the prophylactic treatment of colon carcinogenesis by targeting NF-κB/Nrf-2/Keap1/HO-1 pathway as a progressive strategy in preclusion and effective treatment of colorectal cancer.
COUP-TFI Deletion Affects Angiogenesis and Apoptosis Related Genes Expression in Ex-Vivo Mice Placenta
Authors: Viola Luigi , Marzinotto Stefania , Bertacchi Michele , Londero Ambrogio P , Orsaria Maria , Bertozzi Serena , Driul Lorenza , Loreto Carla Di , Studer Michele , Mariuzzi Laura , Fruscalzo Arrigo
Published: June 2020

Background: Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter-Transcription Factor I (COUP-TFI) is a member of the steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor superfamily. Aim of the study was to investigate whether the absence of this gene affects placental development and fetal growth in a mouse model. For this scope placentas of COUP-TFI-knockout (COUP-TFI –/–) and wild-type (WT) were collected at the 18.5 days post-coitum. mRNA amount of following genes known to be involved in different key molecular pathways were evaluated: Bax and Bcl-2 (apoptosis), p21 and p53 (proliferation), VEGF-A, PlGF, HIF1α, Flt-1, ENG, and INHA (angiogenesis). Mice litter weight at birth was also compared.Results: RT-qPCR analysis showed an increased mRNA expression of VEGF-A and Bax in placental tissue of COUP-TFI –/– mice compared to WT mice. Also, a lost in the positive correlation between Bcl-2 and INHA, p21 and ENG, as well as HIF1α and Flt-1 mRNA expression in COUP-TFI null mutants was found. Finally, the mean weight of WT mice was 1.6 g (±0.14) compared to 1.3 grams (±0.13) of COUP-TFI –/– mice (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results show that COUP-TFI deletion is associated to a lower birth weight in mouse and an increased placental mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and pro-angiogenetic VEGF-A genes.
Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in General Population of Iran during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Maroufizadeh Saman , Pourshaikhian Majid , Pourramzani Ali , Sheikholeslami Farzaneh , Moghadamnia Mohammad Taghi , Alavi Seyed Amirhossein
Published: June 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency and may result in psychological problems such as anxiety and depression in general population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and their associated factors in general population of Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We conducted this web-based cross-sectional study on 5328 individuals in Iran, between 17 and 29 April 2020. Data were collected through an anonymous online questionnaire via social media like WhatsApp and Telegram. The online survey collected information on demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related variables, and anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of anxiety and depression.Results: The mean GAD-7 and PHQ-9 total scores were 7.17 (SD=5.42) and 7.80 (SD=6.68), respectively. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and comorbid anxiety-depression were 30.1%, 33.4%, and 22.1%, respectively. According to the adjusted analysis, anxiety was significantly associated with being female, being young and middle-aged, being unemployed or housewife, having chronic diseases, long time thinking about COVID-19, having family members, friends, and/or relatives infected with COVI-19, and death of family members, relatives or friends due to COVID-19. Same results were also found for depression. Furthermore, depression was associated with being single, being resident in urban area, and having high risk individual in family. Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety and depression were considerably high in general population of Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the findings suggest that more attention needs to be paid to vulnerable groups such as women, young/middle-aged adults, unemployed people, people with chronic disease. Thus, a holistic approach, including management policies, psychosocial interventions, training, support, and tele-mental health, is absolutely crucial to reduce mental health problems of the COVID-19 and any outbreaks of other infectious diseases.
The SURVIVAL through online Sociodrama: Covid19, what do you want to tell me?
Authors: Castro Amanda , Vidal Gabriela Pereira , Silveira Bruno da Silva da , Oliveira Daniela Cardoso de
Published: June 2020

This article presents an account of an online Sociodrama experience. The described session took place in the context of a study group, containing 36 participants, including psychology students and psychologists. The meeting took place through an online tool that allows video conferencing (Zoom). The proposed theme was: “Covid19, what do you want to tell me?”. It is an action research with a socio-therapeutic focus, in which the direction of the session was centered on collective creation. The instruments used were the director, the scenario, the protagonist, the supporting role and the public. It was noticed that the online Sociodrama creates spaces for the reorganization of social roles, affected in times of crisis, to happen even in times of social isolation.
Knowledge, intersubjectivity and social practices
Authors: Costa Liana Fortunato , Conceição Maria Inês Gandolfo
Published: June 2020

The text focuses on the concept of intersubjectivity and its current importance for guiding community actions and the construction of new social practices. Authors are presented who have an epistemological reference in the focus of interrelationships, privileging the field of interaction as the locus in which encounters, mismatches, problems and solutions to human issues occur. The concepts of Jacob Levy Moreno, creator of psychodrama, are indicated to support the emphasis that there is no possibility of one man alone, there will always be man and the other, a role and its counter role. Still, affectivity is one of the nuclei that generates bonds and the development of groups, and the greatest expression of affectivity is the release of spontaneity-creativity.
Does forensic audit influence fraud control? Evidence from Nigerian deposit money banks
Authors: Adesina Kehinde , Erin Olayinka , Ajetunmobi Opeyemi , Ilogho Simon , Asiriuwa Osariemen
Published: June 2020

This study examines the importance of the application of forensic audit in controlling financial frauds that ravage or threaten the soundness and business continuity of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. The study used survey design methods, and the primary data were obtained through the administration of structured questionnaire covering seventeen (17) banks out of twenty-two (22) Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) operating in the country, which is 77.3%. In this study, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was used to analyze and test hypotheses, and the findings showed that the involvement of qualified and experienced forensic auditors would not only contribute to the amelioration of financial frauds in DMBs, but would also lead to much-needed sanity in the banking sector of Nigeria. The study recommends that regulatory agencies, within the limits prescribed by law, mandate all the banks to create a special forensic department, managed by a professional forensic auditor, which will develop and constantly implement effective and efficient internal control, timely prosecution of fraudsters by considering them to be criminals and as a deterrent to others, and work out adequate training and development programs for their staff, especially in fraud control, in order to reduce the number of fraud cases in Nigerian banks.
REGISTRO DAS ATIVIDADES CLÍNICAS DO FARMACÊUTICO HOSPITALAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: De Lima Émilin Dreher , Blatt Carine Raquel , Aquino Caregnato Rita Catalina
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Investigar como os farmacêuticos registram as intervenções clínicas no âmbito hospitalar. Método: Utilizou-se como método de pesquisa a revisão integrativa. Para realizar a busca dos artigos foram consultadas as fontes de informação Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, ScienceDirect e Web of Science, utilizando a combinação de termos e operadores booleanos “("pharmacist" OR "pharmaceutical services" OR "pharmacy service, hospital") AND ("hospitals") AND ("medical records" OR "health records, personal" OR "electronic health records" OR "registries")”. O nível de evidência foi avaliado segundo Melnyk e Fineout-Overholt (2011). Os artigos foram agrupados por proximidade de assunto. Resultados: 26 preencheram os critérios de inclusão do estudo. A maioria dos estudos foram realizados em instituições dos Estados Unidos, publicados nos anos de 2014 e 2015. Apenas 31% dos estudos reportam o registro das atividades clínicas do farmacêutico em prontuário. Conclusões: Uma pequena parcela dos artigos sobre atividades clínicas do farmacêutico em hospital deixa claro que o registro referente à prática de cuidado ao paciente foi realizado em prontuário. A maioria dos artigos relata o registro das atividades clínicas em um banco de dados distinto. O fato de o farmacêutico inserir informações referentes à suas atividades clínicas em bases de dados distinta do prontuário pode facilitar mensuração de desfechos clínicos e econômicos. Contudo, o registro da ação clínica no prontuário do paciente não pode ser negligenciado visto que é um direito do paciente e dever do profissional de saúde.
EFEITOS DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE SELÊNIO NOS PARÂMETROS GLICÊMICOS DA SÍNDROME DO OVÁRIO POLICÍSTICO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA E METANÁLISE
Authors: Santos Thayná Menezes , Dourado Keila Fernandes , De Andrade Maria Izabel Siqueira
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar, com base na literatura, os efeitos da suplementação de selênio nos parâmetros glicêmicos da síndrome do ovário policístico (SOP). O estudo é uma revisão sistemática e metanálise de ensaios clínicos randomizados com busca realizada por dois pesquisadores no período de janeiro a maio de 2019, com delimitação temporal dos últimos dez anos, em base de dados como PUBMED, BIREME e MEDLINE, utilizando as palavras chave: síndrome do ovário policístico, selênio e resistência à insulina. Após a busca os artigos foram filtrados de acordo com a temática proposta, utilizando o protocolo PRISMA. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ensaios clínicos randomizados, realizados com mulheres com SOP, em uso de suplementação de selênio, incluindo os idiomas português, espanhol e inglês, sendo selecionados ao final três artigos para compor a revisão sistemática e metanálise. Foi aplicado índice Kappa inter-avaliadores. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software MedCalc com apresentação dos odds ratios e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95%. Os resultados apontam que a suplementação trouxe efeitos positivos em dois dos três artigos analisados, enquanto em um artigo o efeito foi negativo com aumento da resistência à insulina. Apesar disso, a análise da medida sumarizada pela metanálise demonstrou que não houve efeitos para o grupo de casos com a suplementação de selênio. Esta metanálise mostrou que a suplementação de selênio não se configura como importante no controle glicêmico relacionado à SOP, visto que resultou em maior benefício para o grupo controle dos estudos analisados.
ANALISE DAS QUANTIDADES DE ÓLEO E SAL DE ADIÇÃO EM REFEIÇÕES ESCOLARES
Authors: Barbosa Roseane Moreira Sampaio , Oliveira Nathalia Cardoso , Ferreira Daniele Mendonça , Dias Patrícia Camacho , Pereira Silvia , Soares Daniele Da Silva Bastos , Henriques Patrícia
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de verificar as quantidades de sal e óleo de adição nas refeições “almoço” ofertadas em uma escola municipal do estado do Rio de Janeiro e comparar com a recomendação do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar-PNAE. Inicialmente foram determinadas as quantidades utilizadas de sal e óleo às preparações alimentares das refeições, a partir da diferença entre o peso das quantidades de sal e óleo inicial e final diário disponível para uso na Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição Escolar - UANE. Após o preparo, pesou-se o rendimento total das preparações alimentares e estabelecido o percentual de sal/óleo utilizados no total de preparações presentes nas refeições produzidas naquele dia. Em seguida, foi determinado o peso da porção da refeição ofertada aos escolares e então aplicado o percentual determinado anteriormente e calculada a quantidade de sal/óleo adicionados nas refeições oferecidas aos escolares. Foram encontrados como média 3,05g de sal por refeição, estando acima do que é preconizado pelo PNAE, e em relação às gorduras totais, a porção apresentou-se acima da recomendação por refeição, 7,5g, com o valor médio de 12,54g/refeição. Concluiu-se que existe a necessidade de redução das quantidades de sódio e óleo de adição no preparo das refeições que são distribuídas aos escolares e que estas devem ser padronizadas para não superar o limite de 1g de sal/refeição/aluno e manter o limite recomendável delipídios.
AVALIAÇÃO DA FRAGILIDADE DE DOENTES RENAIS CRÔNICOS EM TRATAMENTO DE HEMODIÁLISE
Authors: Matos Grasiéle Costa , De Campos Rosangela Moraes , Moreira Paulo Ricardo , Figueró Michele Ferraz , Nicolodi Graziela Valle , Krug Rodrigo De Rosso , Keller Kalina Durigon
Published: June 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a presença e o grau de fragilidade de pacientes portadores de Doença Renal Crônica, em tratamento de hemodiálise em uma clinica renal da região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A fragilidade foi avaliada através de três questionários, sendo eles Edmonton Frail Scale, Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clinico Funcional-20 (IVCF-20) e Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-FIx). Os dados foram analisados através de média, desvio padrão, percentual, teste “t” student, Qui-quadrado de Pearson, Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e análise de resíduos ajustados. A amostra foi composta de 94 pacientes em tratamento de hemodiálise, onde foi possível identificar a presença de fragilidade através dos 3 questionários utilizados, com uma prevalência entre 60,6 a 86,2%. A fragilidade apresentou correlação apenas com gênero e idade. Conclui-se que a amostra estudada apresentou fragilidade principalmente nos graus de moderada a severa, sendo que quanto maior a idade, maior a severidade da fragilidade. Sugere-se a realização de novos estudos a fim de identificar precocemente a síndrome de fragilidade possibilitando alguma intervenção preventiva e doentes renais crônicos.
ENGAGING PEOPLE, ENABLING TECHNOLOGY: CITIZEN’S PERSPECTIVES ON ANTI FRAUD MEASURESIN THE INDONESIAN PUBLIC SERVICES SECTOR
Authors: Soeharto Indra , Pranoto Heri Kurniadi Sugiyo
Published: June 2020

This research aims to synthesise citizen’s perspectives on anti fraud measures that are currently implemented in the Indonesian public services sector. In this sector, various measures to eradicate fraud/corruption have been initiated by the government despite the fact that such practices are still apparent. Two research questions were proposed; first, what are Indonesian citizens’ perspectives on the anti fraud/corruption efforts implemented by the government, in the Indonesian public services sector during the last three years? Second, according to their perspective, which approach on anti fraud/corruption measure that is considered as the most effective way to eradicate fraud and corruption?. Using questionnaires, the research collect responses from 188 respondents – Indonesian citizen older than 21 years old - in 5 cities in Indonesia. The respondents perceive that despite of its low improvement on corruption level, as reflected by the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) score, the anti fraud/anti corruption measures implemented in the Indonesian public service sector are well progressing. The research also reveals that despite of currently low public participation in anti fraud/anti corruption measures, three factors i.e. consistent law enforcement, engaging public participation and implementing information and communication technology (ICT) are perceived as the most effective measures in anti fraud/anti corruption effort. Understanding the importance of those avenues will provide imperative emphasis in designing, formulating and evaluating anti fraud/anti corruption measures, particularly in the Indonesian public services sector. This will in turn provide necessary support for the government to achieve a positive and sustainable economic growth.