bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algunos aspectos cuantitativos sobre la relación entre la emigración internacional y la migración interna de mexicanos
Authors: Corona Vázquez Rodolfo
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo pretende establecer algunas relaciones entre los determinantes y las consecuencias de la emigración de mexicanos a Estados Unidos y de la migración al interior de la República Mexicana. Se realiza un análisis comparativo de información estadística (censos, encuestas, registros, etc.) acerca de las características económicas, sociales y geográficas de los migrantes internos, de los emigrantes internacionales y de los que son internos e internacionales al mismo tiempo. Con este análisis se pretende identificar e interpretar similitudes y diferencias, para explicar el porqué algunos mexicanos han optado, o se han visto forzados a desplazarse dentro de los límites territoriales de la nación, hacia el exterior o hacia ambas partes.
Wokół postaci i myśli Jana Franciszka Drewnowskiego – z moich wspomnień i refleksji
Authors: Majdański Stanisław
Published: April 2020

Autor wspomina swoje podwarszawskie spotkania z J.F. Drewnowskim. Współtworzył on przed wojną program logicznej melioracji tomizmu, koło krakowskie: J. Salamucha, I.M. Bocheński, a także B. Sobociński, ze wsparciem J. Łukasiewicza i patronatem K. Michalskiego. W filozofii Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego nawiązywano do tego po wojnie, jednak z czasem co raz bardziej krytycznie: najbardziej M.A. Krąpiec czołowy polski tomista egzystencjalny, mniej radykalnie logik i metodolog S. Kamiński; J. Kalinowski nadal „logizował”. Daje to okazję autorowi, adeptowi lubelskiej szkoły filozofii klasycznej do pewnych zapytań, porównawczych uwag i refleksji.
Novel Rapid Isocratic RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride, Paracetamol, Caffeine, Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
Authors: Sonone Revati , Tandel Leena , Jain Vandana
Published: April 2020

Background:

A tablet dosage form widely used in the treatment of cough and cold, containing
phenylephrine hydrochloride, paracetamol, caffeine, and diphenhydramine hydrochloride as active
pharmaceutical ingredient was selected for the development of a novel, rapid, simultaneous isocratic
reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method.

Objective:

The objective of this paper was to develop and validate a novel, rapid, simple, precise, accurate
and reproducible RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of phenylephrine hydrochloride,
paracetamol, caffeine, diphenhydramine hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form.

Method:

Optimized chromatographic conditions were an isocratic elution with prontosil C18-column
(250×4.6 mm, 5 μ), methanol and 20mM phosphate buffer (55:45 v/v, pH 3 ) as mobile phase, flow rate
1.0 mL/min and UV detector set at λ max 220 nm. The method was validated for specificity, precision,
linearity, accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness as per the International Council for Harmonization guidelines.

Result:

The retention times of phenylephrine hydrochloride, paracetamol, caffeine, diphenhydramine
hydrochloride were found to be 2.8 min, 3.3 min, and 4.0 min and 7.3 min, respectively. This novel
method was found to be rapid, simple, linear (R2> 0.99), preciserelative standard deviation < 2.0 %),
accurate (recovery 98-102%), sensitive and robust.

Conclusion:

The proposed novel isocratic RP-HPLC method is rapid (short run time below 10min),
highly selective, precise, accurate, sensitive and robust. The method was successfully applied for the
simultaneous analysis of phenylephrine hydrochloride, paracetamol, caffeine, diphenhydramine hydrochloride
in a pharmaceutical dosage form.
Higher Body Mass Index, Uric Acid Levels, and Lower Cholesterol Levels are Associated with Greater Weight Loss
Authors: De Pergola Giovanni , Zupo Roberta , Lampignano Luisa , Bonfiglio Caterina , Giannelli Gianluigi , Osella Alberto R. , Triggiani Vincenzo
Published: April 2020

Background:

Identifying predictive factors that contribute to changes in body weight may
well be an interesting approach to the management of obesity.

Objective:

This study was firstly aimed at examining the effect of a one-year lifestyle program based
on improvements in the habitual diet and increased levels of physical activity on weight loss. Secondly,
it was focused on identifying anthropometric, and serum hormonal, metabolic and haematochemical
factors which can be associated with the degree of weight loss in Kg.

Methods:

488 overweight or obese subjects, 383 women and 105 men, aged 18-67 years, were enrolled
in the study. Body mass index, waist circumference, serum blood glucose, lipids, uric acid, creatinine,
insulin, TSH, FT3, FT4, and 24-h urine catecholamines were measured.

Results:

Weight loss was positively associated with BMI (P < 0.01), waist circumference (P < 0.01),
uric acid (P < 0.01), creatinine (P < 0.05), smoking (P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with age (P <
0.01), total cholesterol (P < 0.05), LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.01), HDL cholesterol (P < 0.05). In a multiple
regression model considering weight loss as a dependent variable, and smoking, age, BMI, uric
acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL cholesterol as independent variables,
weight loss maintained a direct independent relationship with BMI (P < 0.001), uric acid (P < 0.05),
LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.05), and HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.05), and an inverse independent association
with cholesterol (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

This study suggests that higher BMI and uric acid levels, and lower total cholesterol concentrations
are associated with a greater potential to lose weight.
Polymer Coated Iron Nanoparticles: Radiolabeling & In vitro Studies
Authors: Yilmaz Selin , Ichedef Cigdem , Karatay Kadriye Buşra , Teksöz Serap
Published: April 2020

Backgorund:

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been extensively
used for targeted drug delivery systems due to their unique magnetic properties. Objective:
In this study, it has been aimed to develop a novel targeted 99mTc radiolabeled polymeric drug delivery
system for Gemcitabine (GEM).

Methods:

Gemcitabine, an anticancer agent, was encapsulated into polymer nanoparticles (PLGA)
together with iron oxide nanoparticles via double emulsion technique and then labeled with 99mTc.
SPIONs were synthesized by reduction–coprecipitation method and encapsulated with oleic acid
for surface modification. Size distribution and the morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles
were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively.
The radiolabeling yield of SPION-PLGAGEM nanoparticles was determined via Thin
Layer Radio Chromatography (TLRC). Cytotoxicity of GEM loaded SPION-PLGA was investigated
on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells in vitro.

Results:

SEM images displayed that the average size of the drug-free nanoparticles was 40 nm and
the size of the drug-loaded nanoparticles was 50 nm. The diameter of nanoparticles was determined
as 366.6 nm by DLS, while zeta potential was found as 29 mV. SPION was successfully
coated with PLGA, which was confirmed by FTIR. GEM encapsulation efficiency of SPION-PLGA
was calculated as 4±0.16% by means of HPLC. Radiolabeling yield of SPION-PLGA-GEM
nanoparticles was determined as 97.8±1.75% via TLRC. Cytotoxicity of GEM loaded SPION-PLGA
was investigated on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells. SPION-PLGA-GEM
showed high uptake on MCF-7, while the incorporation rate was increased for both cell lines with
external magnetic field application.

Conclusion:

99mTc labeled SPION-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with GEM may overcome some of
the obstacles in anti-cancer drug delivery because of their appropriate size, non-toxic, and superparamagnetic
characteristics.
Persulfate-mediated Photocatalytic Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Water Using Ultraviolet Light and Zero-valent Aluminum
Authors: Olmez-Hanci Tugba , Arslan-Alaton Idil
Published: April 2020

Aims:

The study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the PS/UV-C, PS/ZVA and
PS/ZVA/UV-C processes in terms of ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone type commercially important
antibiotic, and toxicity abatements in raw surface water (RSW) and distilled water (DW).

Background:

The occurrence of ciprofloxacin (CIP), the most widely prescribed second-generation
fluoroquinolone antibiotic, even at trace level (ng/L) gives rise to antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistance
genes, which can further impair the selection of genetic variants of microorganisms and impose
adverse effect on human health.

Objective:

The degradation and detoxification of ciprofloxacin with UV-C (PS/UV-C) and ZVA
(PS/ZVA) activated PS oxidation systems were investigated in distilled water (DW) and raw (untreated)
surface water (RSW) samples. Moreover, CIP degradation with the PS/ZVA/UV-C heterogeneous
photochemical treatment combination was also studied.

Methods:

The process performances of the investigated treatment systems were evaluated in terms of
CIP abatement and PS consumption rates as well as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal efficiencies.
The influence of common inorganic ions and natural organic matter (NOM) on CIP degradation
was evaluated. Radical quenching experiments were conducted using probe compounds in order
to elucidate the dominant reaction mechanism. In addition, acute toxicity of the original CIP and its
degradation products were questioned by employing Vibrio fischeri (V. fischeri), the marine photobacterium,
under optimized treatment conditions.

Results:

CIP was completely degraded in distilled water (DW) and raw (untreated) surface water
(RSW) samples after 15 min of treatment with the PS/UV-C process (PS=0.25mM; pH=3; UVC=
2.7W/m2). PS/UV-C experiments conducted with RSW at its natural pH (=8.5) resulted in 98%
CIP and practically no DOC removal whereas 56% DOC was removed at pH 3 after 120 min. Radical
quenching studies revealed that sulfate radicals prevailed over hydroxyl radicals. CIP degradation was
significantly inhibited by the presence of humic acid due to the effect of UV absorption and free radical
quenching. Acute toxicity tests with V. fischeri exhibited fluctuating trends throughout the investigated
processes and did not change appreciably after 120 min of oxidation.

Conclusion:

The results of this study demonstrated that PS/UV-C is superior to the PS/ZVA and
PS/ZVA/UV-C treatment systems for both DW and RSW samples in terms of CIP removal rates. No
additional positive effect was evident for simultaneous catalytic and photochemical PS activation
(PS/ZVA/UV-C treatment system). It could be also demonstrated that the selected oxidation processes
conducted in pure water might give an idea about the advanced treatment systems but realistic conditions
with actual water/wastewater matrices still need to be further investigated to verify their feasibility
and ecotoxicological safety.
Trajektori Pertumbuhan Anak Stunting dan Normal di Indonesia
Authors: Asanti Ernis , Martianto Drajat , Briawan Dodik
Published: April 2020

Abstrak Secara global, kegagalan pertumbuhan linier merupakan bentuk paling umum dari kekurangan giziÂ  pada masa anak-anak, dimana sekitar 165 juta anak balita mengalami stunting. Akan tetapi, masih terdapat perdebatan mengenai kaitan antara stunting pada anak-anak dengan kejadian kegemukan maupun obesitas pada usia-usia selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis trajektori IMT/U dari anak-anak hingga remaja pada anak yang memiliki riwayat stunting dan normal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) yang merupakan kolaborasi dari Research and Development (RAND) dan Survey Meter. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 314 (43.6%) anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mempelajari trajektori IMT/U adalah Individual Growth Curve (IGC) model. Analisis IGC dilakukan dengan prosedur Linear Mixed Model pada IBM SPSS Statistics versi 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat selisih nilai z-score IMT/U sebesar 0.505 (Î²= -0.505; SE= 0.138; p<0.01) antara anak yang mengalami stunting dan normal pada awal pengukuran. Nilai z-score IMT/U anak stunted akan mengalami penurunan 0.078 kali lebih kecil (Î²= -0.078; SE= 0.011; p<0.01), akan tetapi kemudian mengalami peningkatan 0.011 kali lebih tinggi (Î²= 0.01; SE= 0.002; p<0.01) dibandingkan dengan anak normal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan trajektori IMT/U anak yang memiliki riwayat stunting dan normal.Kata kunci: IMT/U; stunting; trajektoriÂ Abstract Â Globally, linear growth failure is the most common form of childhood malnutrition, with around 165 million children under five are stunting. However, the link between stunting in children with the risk of overweight or obesity at later ages are still debated. This study aimed to analyze the trajectory of BAZ from children to adolescents in children who were stunted and normal. This study was a retrospective cohort study, using secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) which is a collaboration of RAND and Survey Meter. The subjects in this study were 314 (43.6%) children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. BAZ trajectory approach used was the Individual Growth Curve (IGC) model. IGC analysis was carried out by Linear Mixed Model procedure using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.Â  This study indicated that there was a 0.505 (Î²= -0.505; SE= 0.138; p<0.01) difference in the z-score of BAZ between children who were stunted and normal at the initial measurement. The decreasing of stunted childâ€™s BAZ was 0.078 times smaller (Î²= -0.078; SE= 0.011; p<0.01), but then the BAZ would increase 0.011 times higher (Î²= 0.01; SE= 0.002; p<0.01) than the normal children. This study showed that there were differences of BAZ trajectory between stunted and normal children. Keywords: BAZ; stunting; trajectory
Ciberseguridad y ciberdefensa en Colombia: un posible modelo a seguir en las relaciones cívico-militares
Authors: Cujabante Villamil Ximena Andrea , Bahamón Jara Martha Lucía , Prieto Venegas Jair Camilo , Quiroga Aguilar Jorge Alejandro
Published: April 2020

Este artículo se propone explorar el desarrollo institucional acerca del dominio del ciberespacio en Colombia y su incidencia sobre las relaciones cívico-militares en el país. Para ello, recurre a un análisis de fuentes primarias y secundarias, con el propósito de definir el ciberespacio y las ciberamenazas que surgen en él, así como describir las relaciones cívico-militares en Colombia y explicar el marco institucional referente a la seguridad y defensa del ciberespacio en el país. En este caso, y en contraste con la tradición del país, se evidencia que la iniciativa surgió del sector civil, lo que promovió una mayor participación de este sector en el campo de la seguridad y defensa. Así, la agenda de ciberseguridad y ciberdefensa puede ser la punta de lanza para replantear las relaciones cívico-militares.
Feasibility of Social Media–Based Recruitment and Perceived Acceptability of Digital Health Interventions for Caregivers of Justice-Involved Youth: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Folk Johanna Bailey , Harrison Anna , Rodriguez Christopher , Wallace Amanda , Tolou-Shams Marina
Published: April 2020

Background

Caregiver involvement is critical for supporting positive behavioral health and legal outcomes for justice-involved youth; however, recruiting this population into clinical research studies and engaging them in treatment remain challenging. Technology-based approaches are a promising, yet understudied avenue for recruiting and intervening with caregivers of justice-involved youth.

Objective

This mixed methods study aimed to assess the feasibility of recruiting caregivers of justice-involved youth using social media into clinical research and to understand caregivers’ perceptions of the acceptability of digital health interventions.

Methods

Caregivers of justice-involved youth were recruited through paid Facebook advertisements to participate in a Web-based survey. Advertisement design was determined using Facebook A/B split testing, and the advertisement with the lowest cost per link click was used for the primary advertisement campaign. Survey participants were offered the option to participate in a follow-up qualitative phone interview focused on the perceived feasibility and acceptability of digital health interventions.

Results

Facebook advertisements were successful in quickly recruiting a diverse set of caregivers (80/153, 52.3% female; mean age 43 years, SD 7; 76/168, 45.2% black, 34/168, 20.2% white, and 28/168, 16.7% Latinx; and 97/156, 62.2% biological parents); cost per click was US $0.53, and conversion rate was 11.5%. Survey participants used multiple social media platforms; 60.1% (101/168) of the participants indicated they would participate in a digital health intervention for caregivers of justice-involved youth. Survey respondents’ most preferred intervention was supportive and motivational parenting messages via SMS text message. Of the survey respondents, 18 completed a phone interview (12/18, 67% female; mean age 45 years, SD 10; 10/18, 56% black, 7/18, 39% white, and 1/18, 6% Latinx; and 16/18, 89% biological parents). Interview participant responses suggested digital health interventions are acceptable, but they expressed both likes (eg, alleviates barriers to treatment access) and concerns (eg, privacy); their most preferred intervention was video-based family therapy.

Conclusions

Recruiting and intervening with caregivers of justice-involved youth through social media and other digital health approaches may be a feasible and acceptable approach to overcoming barriers to accessing traditional in-person behavioral health care.
Developing a Mobile App for Monitoring Medical Record Changes Using Blockchain: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sung MinDong , Park SungJun , Jung Sungjae , Lee Eunsol , Lee Jaehoon , Park Yu Rang
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Although we are living in an era of transparency, medical documents are often still difficult to access. Blockchain technology allows records to be both immutable and transparent.

OBJECTIVE

Using blockchain technology, the aim of this study was to develop a medical document monitoring system that informs patients of changes to their medical documents. We then examined whether patients can effectively verify the monitoring of their primary care clinical medical records in a system based on blockchain technology.

METHODS

We enrolled participants who visited two primary care clinics in Korea. Three substudies were performed: (1) a survey of the recognition of blockchain medical records changes and the digital literacy of participants; (2) an observational study on participants using the blockchain-based mobile alert app; and (3) a usability survey study. The participants’ medical documents were profiled with HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources, hashed, and transacted to the blockchain. The app checked the changes in the documents by querying the blockchain.

RESULTS

A total of 70 participants were enrolled in this study. Considering their recognition of changes to their medical records, participants tended to not allow these changes. Participants also generally expressed a desire for a medical record monitoring system. Concerning digital literacy, most questions were answered with “good,” indicating fair digital literacy. In the second survey, only 44 participants—those who logged into the app more than once and used the app for more than 28 days—were included in the analysis to determine whether they exhibited usage patterns. The app was accessed a mean of 5.1 (SD 2.6) times for 33.6 (SD 10.0) days. The mean System Usability Scale score was 63.21 (SD 25.06), which indicated satisfactory usability.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients showed great interest in a blockchain-based system to monitor changes in their medical records. The blockchain system is useful for informing patients of changes in their records via the app without uploading the medical record itself to the network. This ensures the transparency of medical records as well as patient empowerment.
The Internet Hospital Plus Drug Delivery Platform for Health Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ding Liang , She Qiuru , Chen Fengxian , Chen Zitong , Jiang Meifang , Huang Huasi , Li Yujin , Liao Chaofeng
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Widespread access to the internet has boosted the emergence of online hospitals. A new outpatient service called “internet hospital plus drug delivery” (IHDD) has been developed in China, but little is known about this platform.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics, acceptance, and initial impact of IHDD during the outbreak of COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital in South China

METHODS

The total number of and detailed information on online prescriptions during the first 2 months after work resumption were obtained. Patients’ gender, age, residence, associated prescription department, time of prescription, payment, and drug delivery region were included in the analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 1380 prescriptions were picked up or delivered between March 2 and April 20, 2020. The largest group of patients were 36-59 years old (n=680, 49.3%), followed by the 18-35 years age category (n=573, 41.5%). In total, 39.4% (n=544) of the patients chose to get their medicine by self-pickup, while 60.6% (n=836) preferred to receive their medicine via drug delivery service. The top five online prescription departments were infectious diseases (n=572, 41.4%), nephrology (n=264, 19.1%), endocrinology (n=145, 10.5%), angiocardiopathy (n=107, 7.8%), and neurology (n=42, 3%). Of the 836 delivered prescriptions, 440 (52.6%) were sent to Guangdong Province (including 363 [43.4%] to Shenzhen), and 396 (47.4%) were sent to other provinces in China.

CONCLUSIONS

The IHDD platform is efficient and convenient for various types of patients during the COVID-19 crisis. Although offline visits are essential for patients with severe conditions, IHDD can help to relieve pressure on hospitals by reducing an influx of patients with mild symptoms. Further efforts need to be made to improve the quality and acceptance of IHDD, as well as to regulate and standardize the management of this novel service.
Use of an Unguided, Web-Based Distress Self-Management Program After Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Sub-Analysis of CaringGuidance Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lally Robin M , Kupzyk Kevin , Gallo Steve , Berry Donna
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Unguided, web-based psychoeducational interventions are gaining interest as a way to reach patients while reducing pressure on clinical resources. However, there has been little research on how patients with cancer use these interventions.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this analysis was to evaluate how women newly diagnosed with breast cancer used the unguided web-based, psychoeducational distress self-management program CaringGuidance After Breast Cancer Diagnosis while enrolled in a pilot feasibility study.

METHODS

Women with stage 0 to II breast cancer diagnosed within the prior three months were recruited from clinics primarily in the Northeastern United States for participation in a 12-week pilot study of CaringGuidance plus usual care versus usual care alone. Usage prompts included sets of emails sent weekly for 12 weeks; standardized congratulatory emails after every two hours of program use, and informative emails for each cognitive-behavioral exercise. Individual user activity on the site was automatically tracked by an analytics system and recorded directly in the CaringGuidance database.

RESULTS

Complete usage data were available for 54 subjects. Ninety-eight percent of the intervention group logged into CaringGuidance independently at least once. Thirty-eight (70%) logged in during all three months, 15 (28%) were intermittent users, and one (2%) was a non-user. Users (n=53) averaged 15.6 (SD 9.85) logins. Mean logins were greatest in month 1 (7.26, SD 4.02) and declined in months 2 (4.32, SD 3.66) and month 3 (4.02, SD 3.82). Eleven (21%) used CaringGuidance with both the frequency and activity level intended at study outset, 9 (17%) exceeded intended frequency and activity (high-high users), and 10 (19%) were below expected usage on both login frequency and activity (low-low users). Low-low users and high-high users differed significantly (P<.001) in the total number of views and unique views of all program components. Change in depressive symptoms and the number of sessions (r=.351) and logins (r=.348) between study months 1 and 2 were significantly correlated (P=.018, .019). Higher baseline distress was associated with more unique views of program resources (r=.281, P=.043). Change in intrusive/avoidant thoughts from baseline to month 3, and the number of users’ unique exercise views were negatively correlated (r=–.319, P=.035) so that more unique exercise views, equated with greater decline in intrusive/avoidant thoughts from baseline to month 3.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings favor the hypothesis that the key ingredient is not the amount of program use, but each user’s self-selected activity within the program. More research is needed on the ideal ways to maintain use, and capture and define engagement and enactment of behaviors by people with cancer accessing unguided, self-management web-based programs.
Identifikasi Jelajah Wisata Geologi Gunung Api Purba Gunung Ireng: Sisi Lain Gunung Api Purba Nglanggeran, Gunungkidul
Authors: Mulyaningsih Sri
Published: April 2020

Gunung Ireng di Desa Pengkok adalah destinasi wisata baru geologi gunung api purba di Kecamatan Patuk, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, di samping Gunung Nglanggeran. Selain aglomerat, sebagaimana penciri geologi Gunung Api Purba Nglanggeran, breksi vulkanik, lava bersruktur meniang, dike, dan blocky lava berkomposisi andesit menyusun Gunung Ireng. Makalah ini disusun untuk mengidentifikasi kealamian jelajah alam geologi gunung api purba Gunung Ireng sebagai destinasi wisata minat khusus geowisata. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi dan analisis konektivitas Gunung Ireng terhadap destinasi-destinasi wisata lain di sekitarnya dan identifikasi keragaman data geologinya. Penelitian menjumpai morfologi bukit melingkar berbentuk kubah, yang dikelilingi lembah berslope ~30-55o yang melandai ke baratlaut. Dari atas bukit terlihat Gunung Wayang (Nglanggeran di ujung timur), karst Selopamioro di arah selatan, Sudimoro di arah barat dan tinggian Patuk di sebelah utara. Jalur konektivitas telah menghubungkan Gunung Ireng dengan Gunung api Nglanggeran-Oro-Oro, Dlingo, Selopamioro dan Kali Ngalang-Gedangsari. Promosi dan dukungan sepenuhnya dari pemerintah Kabupaten Gunungkidul, serta optimisme pengelola adalah kunci keberhasilan Gunung Ireng untuk disejajarkan dengan destinasi-destinasi wisata minat khusus lain di sekitarnya; mendukung keberlanjutan Geopark Gunung Sewu.
Efficacy of Combination Dutasteride and Lycopene to Reduce Bleeding in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) Post- Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) Overview of Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 α) Expression and Hematocrit Levels
Authors: Agung Nugroho Eriawan , Amarwati Siti , Akhbar Nugroho
Published: April 2020

Trans Urethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) is one of the gold operating standards for people with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH), but the complications, like bleedings, often occur both in durante and post-surgery. The risk of bleeding in TURP is caused by angiogenesis. Hypoxia-Induced Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1 α) is one of the trigger factors for angiogenesis in BPH. Based on the existing literature, it was found that there was a relationship between lycopene and dutasteride which both had a synergistic effect in inhibiting angiogenesis. However, the mechanism is unknown. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the combination of dutasteride and lycopene on the expression of HIF-1α and hematocrit levels in BPH patients undergoing TURP surgery. This research was an experimental study with "Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Post Test Only Design". The 22 patients were divided into 2 groups, namely T (dutasteride + lycopene), C (lycopene+plasebo), which were given every 24 hours for a minimum of 30 days until the TURP operation was carried out. The observation of HIF-1α expression used immunohistochemical methods. Different tests were conducted between the groups with Independent T-test. The result shows the combination of dutasteride and lycopene was not significant in reducing the HIF-1α expression, indicated by mean rank in the group (C) (= 21.60), group (T) (= 20.00). The results obtained from the Independent   T-test were (p = 0.410), meaning the difference in HIF-1α expression between the 2 groups was not significant: Average Δ Ht group C (= 1.26); group T (= -0,98). The statistical test with the Independent T-test obtained (p = 0.027), where there were significant differences. Giving a combination of dutasteride and lycopene for at least 30 days pre-TURP surgery was not effective in reducing the expression of hypoxia-induced factor - 1 alpha (HIF-1α) but was effective in reducing hematocrit levels compared to a single administration of dutasteride in BPH patients undergoing TURP surgery.
Standardization of Phyllanthus niruri and Sonchus arvensis as Components of Scientific Jamu
Authors: Eka Jayani Nikmatul Ikhrom , Krisnawan Alfian Hendra , Oktaviyanti Nina Dewi , Kartini Kartini
Published: April 2020

Saintifikasi Jamu, or the scientific investigation of Jamu, is an evidence-based process to ensure the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine through health service research. Jamu has been empirically explored as a composition of various crude drugs, hence called as Scientific Jamu. Phyllanthus niruri and Sonchus arvensis are two of the 30 medicinal plants processed into Scientific Jamu. Components of the Scientific Jamu are standardized to ensure that these materials meet the predefined quality. This study was aimed to determine the specific parameters (macroscopic, microscopic, total flavonoid content, water-soluble extract content, and ethanol-soluble extract content) and non-specific parameters (loss on drying, total ash content, and acid insoluble ash content) of Phyllanthus niruri and Sonchus arvensis collected from Batu, Tawangmangu, and Bogor. The methods of the determination referred to the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia 1st Edition (2008). The results showed that Phyllanthus niruri and Sonchus arvensis from the three places did not meet the standard requirement.
JAK-STAT Activity in Peripheral Blood Cells and Kidney Tissue in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Tao Jianling , Mariani Laura , Eddy Sean , Maecker Holden , Kambham Neeraja , Mehta Kshama , Hartman John , Wang Weiqi , Kretzler Matthias , Lafayette Richard A.
Published: April 2020

Background and objectives

IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerular disease in the world. Marked by mesangial inflammation and proliferation, it generally leads to progressive kidney fibrosis. As the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway has been implicated as an important mediator of diabetic kidney disease and FSGS, detailed investigation of this pathway in IgA nephropathy was undertaken to establish the basis for targeting this pathway across glomerular diseases.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Well characterized patients with IgA nephropathy and controls were studied, allowing us to compare 77 patients with biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy with 45 healthy subjects. STAT phosphorylation was assessed in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) by phosphoflow before and after cytokine stimulation. Kidney Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription activity was studied by immunofluorescence and by transcriptomic studies. An STAT1 activity score was established using downstream transcriptional targets of pSTAT1 and associated with disease and clinical outcomes.

Results

We found PBMCs to have upregulated pSTAT production at baseline in patients with IgA nephropathy with a limited reserve to respond to cytokine stimulation compared with controls. Increased staining in glomerular mesangium and endothelium was seen for Jak-2 and pSTAT1 and in the tubulointerstitial for JAK2, pSTAT1, and pSTAT3. Activation of the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway was further supported by increased pSTAT1 and pSTAT3 scores in glomerular and tubulointerstitial sections of the kidney (glomerular activation Z scores: 7.1 and 4.5, respectively; P values: <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Clinically, phosphoflow results associated with proteinuria and kidney function, and STAT1 activation associated with proteinuria but was not associated with progression.

Conclusions

Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling was activated in patients with IgA nephropathy compared with controls. There were altered responses in peripheral immune cells and increased message and activated proteins in the kidney. These changes variably related to proteinuria and kidney function.
Lisboa, Lisbon, and the exception
Authors: Valada Francisco Miguel
Published: April 2020

The graphemic form  in the title refers to an underlying [ˈlɪzbən] with a voiced heterosyllabic /zb/ cluster. Chomsky and Halle (1968, p. 150, n. 105) indicate the example Lisbon as one of the exceptions to the devoicing of obstruent clusters in English. Corresponding orthographic  clusters in Portuguese obey a rule according to which a [ʒ] occurs as the phonetic realization of an underlying and unspecified for voice and place of articulation /S/ that assimilates the voicing of the following consonant [b], as in Lisboa [liʒˈboɐ]. It should be borne in mind that not only are /zb/ clusters exceptional in English but that /zb/ and /sb/ may be equally licensed (as in asbestos), while the cooccurrence of voiced and voiceless segments within a cluster is not possible in Portuguese. This paper aims at obtaining answers to the following research question: do native speakers of English experience difficulties when producing Portuguese voiced sC heterosyllabic clusters, taking into account (a) the different syllable structures of these clusters in the L1 (English) and the L2 (Portuguese), and (b) the assimilation process in Portuguese, whereby if C is voiced in sC, then /S/ = [ʒ]? The main conclusions are that assimilation seems less problematic than palatalization for native speakers of English when producing heterosyllabic word-medial Portuguese sC clusters and that individual differences may play an important role. More research is needed, with a focus on instruction and with more informants, to confirm or dismiss these conclusions.
Um estudo preliminar sobre a prosódia de construções com tópico e foco no português paulista
Authors: Yano Cynthia Tomoe , Romani Fernandes Svartman Flaviane
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho objetiva analisar as estratégias prosódicas relacionadas ao fraseamento prosódico e à configuração tonal associados à marcação de tópico e foco em sentenças declarativas do português brasileiro (doravante, PB), com enfoque no dialeto falado na cidade de São Paulo, ainda não descrito nesse sentido. Através da análise de dados produzidos por falantes de São Paulo, observou-se que as estratégias empregadas para a marcação prosódica de foco e tópico se assemelham às já descritas em estudos anteriores para outras variedades do PB (MORAES; ORSINI, 2003; ORSINI, 2005; FERNANDES, 2007; TRUCKENBRODT et al., 2009; FROTA et al., 2015; entre outros). Isto é, parece haver uma distinção entre os dois tipos de construção, uma vez que tópicos, independentemente da sua posição na sentença, tendem a formar sintagmas entoacionais (I) independentes, apresentando uma pausa e um tom de fronteira baixo ou alto na sua fronteira direita. Porém, expressões focalizadas não necessariamente formam um I independente, pois, em posição inicial, pode também ocorrer um acento frasal baixo associado à direita do sintagma fonológico (φ) que contém a expressão focalizada e, portanto, tal domínio está contido no mesmo I que contém o restante da sentença.
Uma visão multirrepresentacional dos padrões silábicos emergentes do português brasileiro
Authors: Souza Anderson , Barboza Clerton , Barra Antônia Rayane
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar Padrões Silábicos Emergentes (PSE) em contexto heterossilábico no Português Brasileiro (PB). Temos por pergunta-problema: quais os fatores associados à emergência de PSE heterossilábicos no PB? Como hipótese básica, acredita-se que os PSE no PB emergem pela redução gradiente da vogal epentética, culminando em sua não realização categórica, influenciada por variáveis como tipo silábico, vozeamento e indivíduo. Esta pesquisa baseia-se na visão de língua(gem) enquanto Sistema Adaptativo Complexo (SAC) (BECKNER et al, 2009) e nos modelos fonológicos multirrepresentacionais (BYBEE, 2001). Este estudo caracteriza-se como quase-experimental e quantitativo, com os dados passando por análise acústica e estatística. Entre os principais resultados, constatou-se que (1) os tipos silábicos influenciam de maneira distinta a emergência de PSE, (2) encontros consonantais desvozeados funcionam enquanto atratores de PSE, (3) a duração da vogal epentética não está relacionada à sua menor ou maior emergência categórica, (4) a vogal epentética apresenta menor duração que a vogal plena, além da (5) preferência pela realização de PSE (71%) entre os informantes.
Harmonia vocálica no Proto-crioulo do Golfo da Guiné
Authors: Araujo Gabriel Antunes de , Bandeira Manuele , Agostinho Ana Lívia
Published: April 2020

The Proto-Creole of the Gulf of Guinea is the common ancestor of the Santome, Angolar, Lung’Ie and Fa d’Ambô languages. Based on a supposed occurrence of vowel harmony (vh) in these modern languages and the proven influence of the languages of the Niger Delta (HAGEMEIJER, 2009), in which vh is attested, this study aims to discuss the existence of vh processes with [atr] mid-vowels in the Proto-Creole of the Gulf of Guinea, considering as a starting point its phonological and lexical reconstruction (BANDEIRA, 2017). Therefore, we intend to verify what phonological parameters related to vh in the literature (trigger, target, domain, application direction and blocking element) indicate about vh processes in Proto-Creole, based on the lexical reflexes of a set of cognates in daughter languages and proto-forms. We will show that many of the items interpreted as harmonic derive from the maintenance of mid-vowels in Portuguese etyma and from the insertion of a vowel copy in order to avoid roots ending in consonants in the Proto-Creole of the Gulf of Guinea. In this analysis, we will argue for the hypothesis according to which parasitic vh processes (COLE; TRIGO, 1988) with [atr] mid-vowels in contiguous syllables occurred in Proto-Creole within the prosodic word domain. However, the vh was limited because, based on the observation of proto-forms and harmonisation patterns with [atr] mid-vowels in contiguous syllables, there were many cases in which there was neutralisation of final non-stressed mid-vowels and, therefore, no application of the harmony process in favouring contexts.
Forma e função no desenvolvimento fonológico: quando uma palavra é uma palavra
Authors: Baia Maria de Fátima De Almeida , Aguiar Jéssica Caroline Souza
Published: April 2020

Neste estudo, com o intuito de discutir o pareamento de forma e função no desenvolvimento linguístico inicial, apresentamos o método proposto por Vihman e McCune (1994) para a categorização das produções iniciais do bebê na transição entre balbucio e palavras. Antes de apresentar o método, discutimos os modelos emergentistas/funcionalistas que norteiam o método proposto pelos autores, a saber, o modelo biológico de Locke (1993), o modelo de auto-organização de Kent (1984) e o modelo funcionalista de Bates e MacWhinney (1989). Após apresentar o método, por meio da análise de dados de transição de sete crianças, três da cidade de São Paulo e quatro da cidade baiana de Vitória da Conquista, exemplificamos os passos para categorização dos dados e observamos que o pareamento de forma e função ocorre após 1 ano e 7 meses. Por fim, discutimos a variabilidade inter e intradialetos no que se refere ao pareamento de forma e função no desenvolvimento linguístico inicial.
O acento e as informações segmentais: uma abordagem multirrepresentacional
Authors: Benevides Aline De Lima
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho discute a questão da acentuação de palavras em português brasileiro, especificamente de palavras com sílaba final pesada. Para tanto, duas hipóteses de análise foram contrastadas. A primeira, baseada em regras, propõe que a estrutura da sílaba final determina o local em que o acento incide, gerando palavras oxítonas (a menos que haja questões como a extrametricidade envolvida). A segunda, baseada numa perspectiva dinâmica de língua, propõe que múltiplos fatores influem em um dado fenômeno linguístico. A partir de um estudo experimental, que se valeu de pseudopalavras com sílabas CV-CV-CVC, verificou-se que o acento não é determinado apenas pela estrutura da sílaba final, mas também por informações segmentais, que são acessadas e utilizadas pelos falantes durante o processo de atribuição de tonicidade a pseudopalavras, contribuindo para a localização acentual.
Produção dos verbos do inglês terminados em -ed por falantes de línguas maternas distintas
Authors: Delatorre Fernanda , Gonçalves Alison Roberto , Silveira Rosane
Published: April 2020

Production of verbs ending in -ed is among the most frequent challenges for learners of English. Literature shows that learners tend to use vowel epenthesis or -ed omission to produce these verbs. The present study investigated the production of English verbs ending in -ed by two speakers of Brazilian Portuguese, two of Spanish, two of German and two of English. Each participant individually audio-recorded 96 sentences with one verb in each of them, including 72 verbs ending in -ed and 24 irregular verbs, distractors in this study. The eight participants produced a total of 576 verbs with 25.52% of non-target productions, suggesting that these results were affected by participants’ proficiency, which seemed to be higher than the proficiency of participants from previous studies on verbs ending in -ed. Brazilian Portuguese and Spanish L1 speakers tended to use vowel epenthesis and -ed omission in verb production whereas German L1 speakers tended to use -ed omission, producing less marked syllable structures that are similar to their L1s’, following the tendency found in previous studies. Verb production was also influenced by change in the context preceding the -ed due to misreading, L1 and verb orthography. Production of verbs by English L1 speakers showed the -ed omission, which was possibly caused by blending and linking of similar sounds during the reading.
URUŠAVANJE DEMOKRATIJE I RAĐANJE NEOIMPERIJALNOG TIPA GRAĐANINA
Authors: Stojadinovic Misa
Published: April 2020

Rad predstavlja kritičku analizu položaja građanina u savremenom demokratskom društvu, sa naročitim osvrtom na proces slabljenja društvenog i političkog angažovanja građana. Globalizacija, individualizacija, vrtoglavi razvoj tehnologije, brojni socijalni konflikti, to su samo neki od izazova koji se nameću razvoju savremenog demokratskog društva. Kako se neoliberalizam uspostavio kao vodeća matrica društvenog i političkog razvoja to je dovelo do nastanka okvira unutar koga je sama definicija onoga što danas smatramo ,,dobrim” građaninom dovedena u pitanje. Ovaj rad ima za cilj redefinisanja koncepta građanina sa neoliberalnog aspekta, uz istovremeno ukazivanje na urušavanje demokratskih kapaciteta političkih institucija na globalnom nivou.
IGRA UVERAVANJA U VELIKIM GRUPAMA
Authors: Pavlovic Dusan
Published: April 2020

U tekstu istražujem primenu teorije igara na političke fenomene u velikim grupama (više od dva igrača). Fokusiram se na problem kolektivnog delanja u okviru igre uveravanja (assurance game). Nakon izlaganja opšteg oblika sa dva igrača, pokazujem kako igra izgleda kada u njoj učestvuje više igrača, sa naglaskom na tvrdnju kako igra može da pomogne u razumevanju situacija u kojima učešće jedne osobe u nekoj kolektivnoj radnji zavisi od očekivanja da će u njoj učestvovati druge osobe. Identifikujem četiri ključna elementa za rešenje ove igre – pivot, tip učesnika, životni optimizam i vrsta kolektivnih normi. Politički primeri na kojima pokazujem značaj ovih koncepata su glasanje u skupštini, učešće na građanskim protestima, izborno glasanje za male stranke i pristupanje pokretu otpora. Uočavamo da je za svaku igru dominantniji neki drugi faktor koji doprinosi uspehu kolektivnog delanja i rešenju igre.
RELATION BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES AND THEIR PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS ACCORDING TO THE ‘BIG FIVE’ THEORY
Authors: Nedeljkovic Knezevic Milena , Mijatov Maja , Dragin Aleksandra , Nedeljkovic Sladjana
Published: April 2020

Awareness regarding the increasing importance of human resources for achieving the organizational competitiveness on the market became an integral part of modern economy, where people, together with their knowledge and skills, represent strategic organizational resource. The aim of this research is to assess the influence of employees’ personality dimensions, according to the ‘Big Five’ theory, and certain facets of job satisfaction as well as different facets of job satisfaction on the overall assessment of job satisfaction. The influence of respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics on the individual facets of job satisfaction is also evaluated. The research results indicated that there is a significant difference in the assessment of individual facets of job satisfaction regarding the respondents’ demographic characteristics. Also, statistically significant correlations are found between personality dimensions: ‘Extraversion’, ‘Openness to new experiences’, ‘Conscientiousness’, ‘Agreeableness’ and ‘Neuroticism’ and individual facets of job satisfaction. The research results will be beneficial for providing the appropriate guidelines for improvement of human resource management of large organizations, especially in the case of public-owned organizations within the countries facing significant restructuring changes, such as Serbia.
Diseños ortogonales de Taguchi fraccionados
Authors: Naranjo Palacios Fernando , Rios Lira Armando Javier , Pantoja  Pacheco Yaquelin Verenice , Tapia Esquivias Moises
Published: April 2020

El diseño de experimentos es una herramienta utilizada para descubrir como entran en juego distintas variables de un proceso en la obtención de un producto. Existen dos enfoques principales para realizar experimentación, el enfoque clásico y el enfoque de Taguchi. Los diseños de Taguchi son diseños ortogonales que se especializan en estimar efectos principales e interacciones de control por ruido, dejando en segundo plano las interacciones de control por control. Los arreglos ortogonales de Taguchi fueron diseñados de tal manera que un arreglo especifico puede ser utilizado para diferentes números de factores, por ejemplo, el L32 se utiliza cuando existen de 16 a 31 factores y requiere de 32 experimentos. Cuando el número de columnas disponibles excede al número de factores que se desea investigar, las columnas sobrantes se utilizan comúnmente para estimar interacciones. Sin embargo, en casos en que el investigador esta solo interesado en los efectos principales, correr el arreglo completo podría ser algo innecesario y costoso. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo fraccionar los arreglos ortogonales de Taguchi L8, L12, L16 y L32 de tal forma que la fracción generada sirva únicamente para estimar efectos principales y las corridas restantes se agreguen solo en caso de ser requeridas. El método propuesto se basa en búsqueda exhaustiva y utiliza como criterios de selección la D-optimalidad, los factores de inflación de varianza (FIV) y el índice de balance general (IBG). Solo arreglos ortogonales de Taguchi de dos niveles fueron considerados para esta investigación. Los resultados de la investigación se traducen en ahorros significativos de recursos, reducción del tiempo de experimentación y del numero de corridas.