bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile, Laboratory Parameters & Complications in Pregnancy with Jaundice: A Study in DMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Farjana , Begum Zinat , Khanam Nurunnahar , Ahasan Farhana
Published: May 2023

Background: Pregnancy with jaundice is considered a high-risk pregnancy. It is the most usual health complaint in pregnant women found more often in developing countries than in developed ones. Jaundice can be concurrent with 1st trimester due to pathological infection for instance viral hepatitis or gall stones or due to the drug administered during pregnancy. These patients may feel better if initial diagnosis and suitable management are provided. This present study intended to evaluate the clinical profile & complications of jaundice during pregnancy. Material & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2012 to June 2012. A total (N=50) of pregnant women with symptoms of jaundice were enrolled in the study. Completed data forms were reviewed, edited, and processed for computer data entry. The data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 16.0. Descriptive inferential statistics were performed to determine the results of this study. Results: Among the study population (N=50), the majority of patients (34, 68.0%) age were between 20 to 24 years. The mean gestational age of patients was 35.3±3.2 weeks and twelve patients (12, 24.0%) underwent caesarean delivery. Based on clinical features, twenty-seven respondents (27, 54.0%) had mild jaundice, fourteen respondents (14, 28.0%) had moderate jaundice & about one-fifth of the patients (9, 18.0%) had severe jaundice. Fifteen pregnant (15, 30.0%) women had a fever, around two-fifth of the patients (19, 38.0%) had vomiting, pruritus in one patient (1, 2.0%), vaginal bleeding in twelve patients (12, 24.05), & more than half of the patients (27, 54.0%) had ruptured membrane. The causes of jaundice during pregnancy were viral hepatitis in forty-three patients (43, 86.0%). The majority of the patients (27,54.0%) had serum bilirubin less than 10mg, fourteen patients (14,28.0%) had 10 to 15mg of serum bilirubin & only one patient (1,2.0%) had serum bilirubin more than 20mg. SGOT & SGPT was found 100-500 IU/ml in twenty-three patients (23,46.0%) & 500-1000 IU/ml in ten patients (10,20.0%). Alkaline was raised in eighteen cases (18, 36.0%) Based on maternal complications, the majority of patients (31, 62.0%) had a postpartum haemorrhage, and ten patients (10, 20.0%) experienced encephalopathy. Thirty-eight babies (38, 76.0%) were born alive, intrauterine death was in seven cases (7, 14.0%), and stillborn in five cases (5, 10.0%). Conclusion: Hepatitis E was the most common cause of viral hepatitis in our study. Major complications were postpartum haemorrhage and encephalopathy. This study also prevailed, jaundice in pregnancy is related to an increase in maternal mortality and morbidity, obstetric complications, and perinatal complications.
Assessment of the Severity of CAD Regarding Number of Vessels Involved
Authors: Latif Sayem Bin , Das Prabir Kumar , Awal Anisul , Das Saurav , Ismail Khondaker Md. , Bashiruddin Md. A B K , Faroque Abu Sayem Mohammad Omar , Bhattacharya Debabrata , Hossan Md. Sawkat , Bhattacharyya Partha
Published: May 2023

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by atherosclerotic plaque accumulation in the epicardial arteries. The dynamic nature of the CAD process results in various clinical presentations. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a practical, widely available marker for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease and helps in the risk stratification of patients with CAD. This study aimed to analyze the severity of CAD regarding the number of vessels involved. Material Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 124 purposively selected patients who underwent elective CAG in the Department of Cardiology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, from January 2020 to June 2021. SPSS 23.0 software was used for processing and analysis at the end of the data collection period. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 32-75 years with a mean (±SD) age of 53.4 (±9.9) years. The majority of the patients (83.1%) were male with a male-to-female ratio of 4.9:1. On coronary angiography, the majority of the patients (51/124, 41.1%) had triple vessel disease, followed by double vessel disease in 23 (28.5%) patients, single-vessel disease in 31 (25.0%). In 19 (15.4%) patients no significant lesion was observed in any of the vessels. Gensini score ranged between 1 and 176 in the study with a median score of 56.77. The majority of the patients (69.4%) in the present study had a Gensini score ≥30 indicating severe stenosis. A positive correlation between RDW and coronary artery disease severity in terms of Gensini score (r=0.393). With the increase of RDW, the Gensini score increases. It was found statistically significant (p=<0.001) by Pearson’s correlation test. There was a positive correlation between RDW and CAD severity regarding the number of vessels involved (rho =0.5). With the increase of RDW, the number of involved vessels increases. It was found statistically significant (p=<0.001) by Spearman’s correlation test. The Median (IQR) value of RDW was 13.5 (13.0-14.0) in patients with mild stenosis compared to 14.5 (13.9-15.0) in patients with severe stenosis. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The median (IQR) value of RDW was the lowest in patients without any significant stenosis in any of the coronary arteries [13.1% (12.7%-13.5%)] and was the highest in patients with triple vessel diseases [14.5% (14.1%-15.0%)]. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that RDW level was an independent predictor for CAD and the severity of coronary stenosis. So, it can be concluded that RDW is an inexpensive routine laboratory test that might help identify high-risk patients before planning for a more invasive treatment strategy.
Common Mechanisms of Peripheral Vascular Injuries
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Khalilur
Published: May 2023

Background: The peripheral arteries and veins of the extremities are among the most commonly injured vessels in both civilian and warfare trauma. Traumatic vascular injury is caused by explosions and projectiles which may affect the arteries and veins of the limbs, and is common in wartime, triggering bleeding and ischemia. This study aimed to analyze the common mechanisms of peripheral vascular injuries. Material Methods: This was a retrospective study and was carried out among 60 cases who attended the vascular surgery department at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), with vascular injury from January 20010 to January 2012. All data were analyzed by SPSS 10 version. Results: In this study, most of the patients (25, 41.6%) were in the 21-30 years age group, followed by 20 patients (33.33%0 were in the 31-45 years age group and the rest 15 (25.0%) patients belonged to 15-20 years age group. Regarding sex distribution, male (48, 80.0%) was more preponderance than female (12, 20.0%). Concerning occupation, most of the subjects (50.0%) were students, followed by businessmen (33.0%) and service holders (17.0%). Regarding the mechanism of injury, most of the patients (25, 41.66%) had bullet injuries, followed by 20 (33.33%) had shrapnel injuries, and the rest 15 (25.0%) patients had blunt injuries. Concerning limb involvement, the upper limb was injured in most of the cases (37, 61.66%), followed by the lower limb (23, 38.33%). Conclusion: In this study, bullet injuries were the commonest mechanism of peripheral vessel injury followed by, shrapnel injuries and blunt injuries.
Risk Factors Related to Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Authors: Akter Hafija , Parveen Minara , Akter Salima , Akter Tamima
Published: May 2023

Background: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) consist of a group of neoplastic disorders arising from placental trophoblastic tissue after normal or abnormal fertilization. The WHO classification of GTD includes hydatidiform mole, invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and miscellaneous and unclassified trophoblastic lesions. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors related to the gestational trophoblastic disease. Material Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics Gynecology in Uttara Adhunik Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh for 1 year; from April 2020 to March 2021. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study. Informed written consent was taken from the study subjects. Data was collected using a pre-formed data sheet. Data processing and analysis were done by using SPSS version 17. The test statistics used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, the McNemar Chi-square test, and Repeated Measure ANOVA statistics. All patients underwent necessary investigations. All information was kept confidential and used only for this study purpose. The ethical Clearance Certificate was obtained from Bangladesh Medical College. Results: The majority of the patients were more than of 38 years age (53, 53.0%). Out of these patients, 50 (50.0%) were para one, while 40 (40.0%) were para more than four, most of the patients (63, 63.9%) were illiterate and 5 (5.0%) were graduates, most of the subjects (73, 73.0%) belonged to the low socioeconomic group. The most common presenting symptom was bleeding per vagina (35, 35.0%) followed by pain in the lower abdomen (24, 24.0%), the passage of moles (16, 16.0%), hyperemesis gravidarum (14, 14.0%) and dyspnea in 11 (11.0%) subjects. Conclusion: The disease was common in extremes of ages, low para, and grand multiparous women. The hydatidiform mole was the commonest type of trophoblastic disease in these patients. The most common presenting complaint was bleeding per vagina followed by pain in the lower abdomen. The hydatidiform mole was diagnosed in 65 (65.0%) patients, the invasive mole in 28 subjects (28.0%), and choriocarcinoma in 7 (7.0%) patients. No patient had a placental site trophoblastic tumor.
Evaluation of Immunoglobulin Levels in Lavage Fluid in Active and Inactive Disease
Authors: Rayhan Sajib Muhammad , Akter Mahfuza , Islam Md. Imnul
Published: May 2023

Background: Fluid obtained by whole gut lavage usually contains traces of immunoglobulin (lg) G, albumin, and a-1-antitrypsin; higher concentrations have been found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Immunoglobulin (lg) levels increase in the lower respiratory tract of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The aim of this study is to assess the Evaluation of immunoglobulin levels in lavage fluid in active and inactive disease. Material Methods: This is an observational study. The study used to be carried out in the admitted patient’s Department of microbiology and immunology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh. In Bangladesh for the duration of the period from October 2015 to March 2017. Results: This study shows that the according to age of 33 Patients aged 1 to 9 years. Here according to Age distribution, 2(6.1%) were 1-3 years, 10(30.30%) were >3 6 years, 9(27.27%) were >6-9 years and 12(36.4%) were >9 years. And according to gender 13(39.4%) were Male and 20(60.6%) were Female. Conclusion: The study concluded that high and abnormal levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) is present among JIA patient in active disease state which became normal in inactive state.
Outcome of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a District Level Hospital
Authors: Habib Ahsan , Rahman Md. Shofiur , Rahim Abdur , Akhter Jafrin , Jahan Sabina
Published: May 2023

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a type of surgery that uses smaller incision than open cholecystectomy. LC has been performed as outpatient procedure for many years. Few studies have been conducted with primary focus on patient acceptance and preferences in terms of safety and satisfaction. We tried to explore its feasibility in otherwise healthy individuals undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of the study of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is significantly affected by acute cholecystitis. Mechanical, biochemical, and bacteriological factors which are believed to participate in this inflammatory process are responsible for the different pathological processes observed in acute cholecystitis and in symptomatic cholelithiasis. Material Methods: Data from 57 patients between the age group 20 to 70 years with cholelithiasis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a private Hospital, Madaripur, Bangladesh from April 2018 to June 2020 as ambulatory surgery (hospital stay 23 Hours) with or without overnight stay were analyzed. Complications, admissions and readmissions, patient satisfaction and treatment expenditure were assessed. Results: There were 48 (84.2%) female and 9 (15.8%) male with a median age of 42 years. Only 2.4% patients required readmission while 9.2% patients had unplanned admission. 76.4% percent patients were highly satisfied with the procedure. Treatment cost was about 15% lower than routine inpatient operation. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and feasible. LC can be performed as an outpatient procedure with a low rate of complications and admissions/readmissions. Patient acceptance in terms of satisfaction is high.
Evaluation of Anaesthetic Challenges in Primary Cleft Lip and Palate Surgeries in a Single Center Study
Authors: Sarker Md. Selim , Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Emran Mohammad , Akbar Md. Mosaddak , Islam Nur E Dilara
Published: May 2023

Background: One of the most prevalent congenital malformations and the most frequent craniofacial defects in children is cleft lip and palate. The aim of the study was to investigate the anaesthetic procedures employed and to determine the challenges and postoperative complications associated with cleft lip and palate surgery. Material Methods: A retrospective review of the anaesthetic procedures carried out from January 2022 to December 2022 at the Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. The hospital records were reviewed in order to learn about every occurrence of orofacial cleft surgery. In this study, a total number of 120 cases were reviewed. Results: Among 120 cases, 53 (44.2%) of the patients were female and 67 (55.8%) were male. The bulk of patients came after their first year of life. About 54(45%) of them were younger than five years old. 68(56.67%) underwent cleft lip surgery, 37(30.83%) for cleft palate surgery and rest 15(12.5%) patients under went for combined cleft lip and cleft palate surgeries. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) was reported as the most common pre-existing morbidity. Bronchospasm was the main intraoperative complications occurred in 8 (6.67%) of the cases with URTI. After surgey 6(5%) patients experienced bleeding, 3(2.5%) patients needed to be reintubated. In addition, 2 (1.67%) instances had trouble controlling their pain, only 1(0.83%) patient had trouble swallowing and 1(0.83%) recovered slowly. Conclusion: Anaesthesia for surgical repair of cleft lip or palate in children is challenging. After a thorough preoperative evaluation, a trained anaesthesiologist should administer anaesthesia under strict supervision to minimize postoperative complications.
The Maternal and Fetal Outcome of Placenta Praevia in Term Pregnancy
Authors: Liza Rifat Ara , Rahman Asif-Ur , Parvin Farzana , Alam Farhin
Published: May 2023

Background: Placenta praevia refers to a placenta that is Inserted either completely or partially in the lower uterine segment. In placenta praevia, placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment within the zone of effacement and dilatation of cervix, resulting in obstruction to decent of the Presenting part. The aim of this study is to find out the maternal and fetal outcome of Placenta praevia in term pregnancy. Material Methods: This is an observational study. The study used to be carried out in the admitted patient’s Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Bangladesh for the duration of the period from January 2013 to June 2013. The duration of the period from Data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 24 version. Results: This study shows that Maternal age range was 18 to 45 years and the commonest age group of placentas previa was 25-29 years (60.0%). Four percent were between 20-24 years age group. Twenty percent were more than 35 years of age. Conclusion: The study subjects were selected only who were found high maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality which was 8% due to placenta preavia. So, the observed result of this study might not reflect the expected real outcome. In population therefore further prospective studies with a large sample should be carried out for comprehensive evaluation of placenta Preavia on maternal and neonatal outcome.
Comparative Study on Early Postoperative Outcome between Linear Cutting Stapling Device Gastro-Jejunostomy Traditional Hand Sewn Gastro-Jejunostomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Tanjila Shifat , Alam A M Fasiul
Published: May 2023

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous, multifactorial disease. It endangers human physical and psychosocial wellbeing, causing a significant public health and economic burden in developed and developing countries. To compare the early postoperative outcome between linear cutting stapling device gastro-jejunostomy traditional hand sewn gastro-jejunostomy for gastric cancer. Material Methods: The study was a Prospective observational study which was conducted in Department of Surgery, Dhaka Medical college Hospital, over Six months period after approval of protocol using a semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview. Data were analysed using a computer programme SPSS 24.0 version. Results: Total 40 patients were enrolled in this study among them 20 patients underwent traditional hand sewn gastro-jejunostomy (Group-A) and 20 patients underwent Linear Cutting Stapling Device gastro-jejunostomy (Group-B). The mean age of the total participants was 57.45±7.04 years where in Group A mean age was 57.30±7.14 years and in Group B mean age was 57.60±6.83 years. The overall mean BMI of the patients was 21.94±1.61 kg/m2. Among all the respondents 25% had comorbidity. Operation time and time for anastomosis were significantly higher in Group A than Group B but no significant difference was found in relation to hospital stay and post-operative blood loss. About 15% had Anastomotic hemorrhage, 10% had Anastomotic leak, 5% had Intra-abdominal abscess and 5% had bowel obstruction in Group A beside 5% had Anastomotic hemorrhage, 5% had Anastomotic leak and 5% had SSI in Group B. Among all 10% needed blood transfusion in Group A and 5% needed blood transfusion in Group B. No significant difference has been found with post-operative complications between both groups. Conclusion: Observed advantages of Linear Cutting Stapling Device Gastro-Jejunostomy in this study were the significantly reduced operation time and anastomosis time.
Study of Deliberate Self-Poisoning Among Adult Females in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Yousuf Faisal Bin , Sarker Shyamal , Ferdous Tanzila , Chowdhury Sayeda Moni
Published: May 2023

Background: Poisoning is a common medico-social problem in our country causing around 300,000 episodes and around 2000 deaths per year. Attempted suicide among adult females are a major public health problem. The number of self-poisoning in females are increasing in our country day by day. The incidence, nature, etiology, age group affected and the outcome of self-poisoning in females of our country is different from that of the western world. Objective: The objective of the study was to analysis the socio-demographic profile pattern of deliberate self-poisoning among adult females admitted in the Medicine Department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2016 to June 2016. 100 admitted female participants were enrolled in this study as study population. A purposive sampling method was applied for sampling from study population. Results: The age of the participants were from 18 to 55 years with the mean age of 28.19 (± 9.84) years. Most number of the participants were in 21-29 year’s age group (42%) followed by ≤20 year’s (29%). House wife (30%) was the most common occupation followed by student (25%). Most of the participants were from lower economic class (51%), followed by middle class (41%). 48% participants were in primary level, 24% in secondary level and 22% were illiterate. Most of the participants were married (51%), followed by unmarried (35%), divorced (9%) and widow (5%). 62% participants from rural and 38% from urban area. 75% were Muslim and 25% were Hindu. 55% were from the joint family and 45% were from the nuclear family. Most of the self-poisoning occurred between 6 am to 12 pm (42%), followed by 6 pm to 12 am (30%), 12 pm to 6 pm (20%) and 12 am to 6 am (8%). Insecticide was the most common poison materials (43%), followed by drug ingestion (30%), household detergent (13%), rodenticide (6%) and others (8%). Maximum participants reported the reason for self-poisoning was family disharmony (35%) followed by romantic disappointment (27%). 17% participants reported previous suicidal attempt and 11% had previous psychiatric disorder. Nearly half of the participants (43%) sought medical care within 2 hours and one fourth participants (31%) within 4 hours. About two-thirds of the participants (66%) received primary medical care from different govt. hospitals. Most of the female participants with self-poisoning were recovered completely (71%), while 20% participants recovered with complications and 9% participants died. In the study, fatality rate was found 33.3% in rodenticide and 16.3% in insecticide poisoning. Conclusions: As evident from the study, by intervene these problems by various measures might be helpful to prevent many of deliberate self-harm. Early diagnosis and prompt institution of appropriate treatment can make a favorable outcome in deliberate self-poisoning of female participants.
Status of Serum Magnesium in Different Stages of CKD Patients: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Sayeda Moni , Hafiz S M , Ferdous Tanzila , Quayum Sayat , Yousuf Faisal Bin , Das Debabrata
Published: May 2023

Background: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal regulatory mechanisms may be insufficient to balance intestinal magnesium absorption hence insufficient to maintain homeostasis. But related data are relatively sparse and not readily available, especially in Bangladesh context. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of serum magnesium level in different stages of CKD patients. Material Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and the Department of Nephrology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) for nine months’ period. Approval for the study was taken from the ethical review committee of DMC before the commencement of the study. Diagnosed patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD) were approached for the inclusion of the study. Informed written consent was taken from each patient. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, physical examination, and relevant investigations. For the study purpose, serum magnesium was done for all patients. Results: After compiling data from all participants, statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 22 for windows, and a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Mean age of the patients was 53 years with male predominance (male 64% vs female 36%). Of all, 6.7% of cases had hypomagnesemia and 55.3% had hypermagnesemia. The mean serum magnesium level was 2.68±0.81 mg/dl. Assessment of serum magnesium in a different stages of CKD showed that hypermagnesemia is associated with higher staging (p<0.05), and there is a negative correlation between lower e-GFR with serum magnesium ((r=-0.753, p<0.01). Conclusion: Nearly two-third of CKD patients were found with altered magnesium level in the form of hypomagnesemia or hypermagnesemia in this study. Serum magnesium was found increased in higher stages of CKD. That means serum magnesium level increases along with higher stage of the disease. Urinary magnesium excretion also decreases when eGFR of patient decreased.
Comparison between Anneroth’s Broder’s Grading Systems in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Relation to Histopathological Prognostic Factors
Authors: Nadaf Afreen , Abbas Rezhat , Latoo Suheel Hamid
Published: May 2023

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a commonly occurring head and neck cancer. It has a high prevalence, and is associated with a high mortality rate. OSCC occurs due to many etiological factors, but smoking and alcohol remain the most common risk factors. The histological grading of tumors has been used to predict the clinical behaviour of OSCC. Broder’s initiated quantitative grading in cancer. Anneroth’s and Hansen developed another grading system for grading of OSCC’s. With this background, a study was undertaken to compare between Anneroth’s Broder’s grading systems in oral squamous cell carcinoma in relation to histopathological prognostic factors. Material Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 50 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of the confirmed cases of Oral squamous cell carcinoma in the archives of department of oral pathology, Govt. Dental College Hospital, Srinagar. The cases were evaluated on the basis of Broder’s Anneroth’s grading systems for OSCC the comparison of the systems was made pertaining to histopathological prognostic parameters. Results: In our study according to Anneroth’s system maximum cases comes under grade III while in Broder’s system maximum cases are in grade I II. Conclusion: Anneroth’s classification provides us a detailed analysis of grading the cases according to scoring of each parameter. Thus, it is more informative than Broder’s grading system.
Outcome of Urethroplasty in Management of Urethral Stricture: Experience at Institute of Kidney Diseases Hayatabad Peshawar
Authors: Kakakhel Majid Khan , . Arshad , Ahmad Tanveer , Khan Aamir , Jafar Muhammad , . Abdullah
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of successful outcomes of urethroplasty in the management of urethral stricture Methods: It is a descriptive study, conducted in the department of Urology at the Institute of Kidney diseases Peshawar from April 2016 to December 2019. A total number of 85 patients for urethroplasty were included in the study by non-probability convenient sampling. The entire pre-operative, per-operative, and postoperative data were collected on structured proforma and analyzed on SPSS®, version 20.0. Results: The mean age of the patient in this study was 41 years. Regarding etiology, External trauma was the major cause in the form of road traffic accidents in 38.82% while straddle urethral injury in 29.41% of patients, other less frequent causes included iatrogenic urethral trauma and infective stricture. The bulbar urethral stricture was found in 55.29% of cases, with proximal penile and bulboperineal accounting for 23.52% and 21.17% respectively. Significant past surgical history found was suprapubic catheterization in 100%, a failed primary attempt of internal optical urethrotomy (IOU) in 29.41%, multiple recurrences in 48.23%, and re-do urethroplasty in 10.58% of cases. The most common procedure performed was end-to-end anastomotic urethroplasty in 81%, other procedures included penile flap urethroplasty, pull-through procedure, and 10.58% of cases required pubectomy. Urethroplasty was found highly successful in 94% of mean follow-ups 15 months. The cause of failure was wound infection in 1, UTI in 2, and necrosis of penile skin flap in 2 patients. Conclusion: Our initial results conclude that anastomotic urethroplasty is an effective and mainstay treatment modality in the management of urethral stricture disease. It bears less rate of recurrence of urethral stricture. Keywords: Urethroplasty, urethro stricture, Recurrence
Effect of Serum Vitamin D Content on the Clinical Course of Psoriasis
Authors: Khan Ubaid Ullah , Lin Zhu Ya , Ullah Ubaid , Ghafoor Sajid , Shah Qazi Syed Irfan Ullah , Waqas Muhammad , Hussain Saddam , Khan Junaid
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of serum vitamin D insufficiency in patients with psoriasis and study the relationship between dietary intake of vitamin D and clinical characteristics. Materials and Methods: Totally eighty individuals were enrolled and were equally divided into two groups (40 patients in each group): Group A consisted of psoriasis patients, whereas Group B consisted of controls. By using the PASI scale, psoriasis plaques were identified and assessed. The predesign questionnaire was developed and was given to each participant to complete it. Age, gender, the length of the psoriasis, concurrent illnesses, and medications were among the collected data. A dermatologist examined all of the patients and gathered information about their demographics, health, and any other pertinent information. Blood samples were taken to measure the level of serum vitamin D using the immuno-enzyme method. All measurements were conducted during winter months to avoid the influence of sun exposure on synthesis of vitamin D3 and its derivative 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. SPSS (v 25.0) was used for analysis and the results were shown in the form of graph and table. Results: Statistically significant difference was found in 25(OH) D3 levels between psoriasis affected individuals and healthy individuals. Both groups have low level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. In our results there is negative correlation between 25(OH) D3 and PASI. There is also a negative correlation between 25(OH) D3 and duration of psoriasis. Practical implication: This study will help the clinical practitioner to advise the patients with psoriasis to use enough amounts of vitamin D3 that will help to normalize the vitamin D level in patients. It is believed that psoriasis can cause a progressive decrease in the level of vitamin D3 derivatives in the whole human body, including the skin. So vitamin D rich food must be eaten in high amount. Conclusion: It is found in this study that both the groups have low serum vitamin D3 level. Both the general public and persons with psoriasis should eat enough amounts of vitamin D3. Keywords: PASI, vitamin D3, Psoriasis, serum, antiproliferative,
Comparison of Glucose ORS with and without Rice Based ORS in Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis from 6 Month to 5 Years
Authors: Iftikhar Sabika , Ahmad Maqsood , Khalid Aafia , Awan Nagham Nawaz , Jamil Muhammad Shahid
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Acute gastroenteritis-related diarrhea is a major contributor to pediatric morbidity and mortality. Although the success of various oral rehydration formulations varies and the treatment of choice ultimately depends on the underlying reason, oral rehydration remains crucial for efficient early therapies. Objective: To compare outcome of Glucose ORS with and without rice based ORS in treatment of acute gastroenteritis from 6 month to 5 years in terms of mean stool frequency. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial Settings: The study will be done at department of Peads Ittifaq Hospital Lahore from 9 December 2018 to 19 June 2019. Sample Technique: Non probability consecutive sampling Methodology: Children of both sexes were included in this analysis of gastroenteritis cases between the ages of 6 months and 5 years. They divided into two separate groups. For 48 hours, group A was given G-ORS, whereas group B was given rice soup. Over the course of 48 hours, the typical individual needs to use the washroom. Results: Eighty people took part in the study (forty in each group). There were 25 males in Group A (40.02%), and 26 in Group B (50.98%). The average ages of those in Group A and Group B were very comparable (3.30±1.18 vs. 2.07±1.03 years, p=0.29). The baseline stool frequency of Group A was 4.11±2.33, while that of Group B was 5.01±2.81 (p= 0.51). Group A also had a higher mean weight, at 6.87±1.97, than Group B, at 6.28±2.01. Group A had an average of 2.15±0.77 bowel movements in 48 hours, while Group B had an average of 2.08±0.73 (p=0.91). The mean frequency was 2.170.78 for males, 2.14±0.69 for females, and 2.11±0.72 for both sexes combined (p=0.91). There were no statistically significant differences in age, BMI over 10, or baseline frequency. Practical implication: The purpose of this research was to more exactly explain the authentic benefit of rice-based ORS in comparison to glucose ORS and to evaluate whether or not there is significant differences. Conclusion: Both groups reduced the number of incidences of the confounding variable roughly at the same rate, and there was no statistically significant difference between them either in terms of that reduction or in terms of stratification of any of the study's other confounding variables. Keywords: G-ORS, Gastroenteritis, Stool frequency, Rice soup
CAMPANHAS ELEITORAIS MULTIPLATAFORMAS EM TEMPOS DE CONVERGÊNCIA MIDIÁTICA
Authors: Iasulaitis Sylvia
Published: May 2023

Na era da convergência das mídias, os eleitores são abordados por múltiplas plataformas e a cultura popular vem influenciando o modo como as campanhas cortejaram seus eleitores. Nesta pesquisa analisamos as mudanças institucionais das campanhas eleitorais à luz das mudanças em sistemas de comunicação e normas culturais. A estratégia metodológica é a análise de conteúdo dos programas do Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral na TV e das postagens dos candidatos ao governo do estado de São Paulo em suas páginas oficiais na rede social Facebook durante o pleito de 2018.
PLATAFORMIZAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO CULTURAL NO YOUTUBE: ESTUDO DE CASO DO CANAL 2QUADRINHOS
Authors: Montardo Sandra Portella , Silva Claiton Borges da
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar a plataformização da produção cultural do canal 2quadrinhos no You Tube por meio da análise de práticas e affordances. Num cenário em que, cada vez mais, produtores culturais dependem das infraestruturas tecnológicas, de negócios e de governança das plataformas digitais, ao criarem conteúdo, questiona-se de que forma essa questão emerge em um canal do You Tube sobre histórias em quadrinhos. A pesquisa se valeu de estudo de caso, de levantamento bibliográfico, documental e de entrevista semi-estruturada. Identificou-se diretrizes editoriais que articulam, dinamicamente, curadoria de conteúdo sobre histórias em quadrinhos e estratégias de datificação propostas pelo YouTube.
A RETÓRICA DO VIMEO NA LEGITIMAÇÃO DE UMA COMUNIDADE “PROFISSIONAL"
Authors: Guimarães Pedro Cezar Duarte , Holzbach Ariane Diniz
Published: May 2023

Considerando a necessidade de compreensão das plataformas de streaming para além de espaços como o YouTube, nosso trabalho aborda o Vimeo e suas dinâmicas de circulação audiovisual. Nossos objetivos concentram-se em 1) entender o papel do Vimeo na construção de imaginários acerca da “profissionalização” de atividades audiovisuais e 2) problematizar os discursos de legitimação do criador de vídeo enquanto cineasta propagado por esta plataforma. Para tanto, analisaremos a fala que a instituição faz de si como lócus elitizado e singular de compartilhamento e curadoria global de vídeos e os comentários dos usuários acerca de um vídeo hospedado na plataforma.
ESTADO DA ARTE DA PESQUISA SOBRE A INDÚSTRIA DE JOGOS DIGITAIS NO BRASIL: TEMÁTICAS CORRENTES E CAMINHOS FUTUROS
Authors: Lima Leandro
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo discutimos a produção acadêmica dedicada à compreensão da Indústria Brasileira de Jogos Digitais por pesquisadores e pesquisadoras de distintas áreas do conhecimento. A produção coletada é oriunda de trabalhos como dissertações e teses, artigos em periódicos e anais de eventos, relatórios de pesquisa e livros. Através de uma análise temática quanti-qualitativa levantamos temas de interesse ligados à economia, direito, brasilidade e diversidade que são caros à academia brasileira. Na comunicação em particular encontramos lacunas e oportunidades pesquisa nas práticas comunicacionais internas e externas da indústria.
NOVAS NOÇÕES DE NOTÍCIA? QUANDO APPS COLABORATIVAS DESAFIAM A AUTORIDADE JORNALÍSTICA
Authors: Grupillo Aline , Serra Joaquim Paulo
Published: May 2023

Este artigo reflete sobre o conceito de notícia e sua compreensão pelos usuários de aplicativos geridos por cidadãos, a fim de discutir em que medida o formato dos conteúdos aproxima Apps colaborativos das noções de notícia da mídia tradicional, desafiando a autoridade jornalística. Para isto, tomamos o aplicativo Onde Tem Tiroteio como objeto empírico e adotamos a revisão bibliográfica e a observação direta inspirada na etnografia virtual como procedimentos metodológicos. Os resultados demonstram a predominância do texto sobre outros formatos como fotos e vídeos, a utilização de um modelo de escrita similar ao lead e o entendimento de notícia como “informação útil”.
The Role of the Indian Judiciary to Combat Sexual Abuse Against Children
Authors: Ghosh Mr. Rajdeep
Published: May 2023

India is reckoned as the home of about 19 percent of children in the world. Many reports of many authorities including the Census of 2011 depict that more than one-third of India’s total population are children i.e., below eighteen years of age. As per one assumption, more than forty percent of these children are in need of care and protection which showcases the gravity of the problem at hand. India has taken several steps and measures to address and redress the issues relating to children in India which include child education, child health, and child development. But Child protection has remained an issue before and even after the enactment of special child laws like the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act of 2012 and Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, and these issues are addressed by the judiciary from time to time. Abuse of children has been shrouded in an environment of secrecy which signifies a conspiracy of silence around the entire subject matter of the same. This article endeavors to highlight the role of the Indian Judiciary to combat sexual abuse against children through judicial activism or through interpretation of the existing provisions of law depending on the ratio decidendi or rationale of a few leading and landmark cases along with providing a few guideposts.
HIV genotyping prevalence analysis in population of Ponta Grossa
Authors: Pinto Arthur Vanin , Netto Felício , Cordeiro Tatiana , Mansani Fabiana
Published: May 2023

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has a high mutagenic degree and a high ability to integrate into the host genome, being able to create mechanisms of resistance to Antiretroviral Therapy drugs. The genotyping test is used to detect these mutations, allowing a reorganization of the therapeutic scheme and improvement of the patient's condition. The present study aimed, through the analysis of 691 medical records, to identify the prevalence of the genotyping test in the city of Ponta Grossa - Paraná, as well as the reasons why it was performed. Epidemiological findings indicated a higher prevalence of HIV in heterosexual individuals (59.04%) and men (58.61%). The prevalence of genotyping was, approximately, 10%. Of all the requests, the highest rate occurred in females, constituting 16.82% of the female sample, while in males the rate of requests was 7.44%. Regarding post-genotyping viral load, it was performed by only 5.4% of the patients (39 of the 69 who underwent the genotyping test), which reinforced the hypothesis of poor adherence to treatment as the main reason for requesting this test.
Essential oils from branches of Bocageopsis, Guatteria and Unonopsis species: chemical composition and antibacterial activity
Authors: Lima Maria da Paz , De Lucena Juliana Mesquita V. M. , Alcântara Joelma Moreira , Soares Pedro Igor Lima , Marques Marcia Ortiz Mayo
Published: May 2023

Among the Amazonian species of the family Annonaceae, Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R.E. Fr., Guatteria blepharophylla Mart., Guatteria guianensis (Aubl.) R.E. Fr. and Unonopsis guatterioides (A. DC.) R.E. Fr. present promising essencial oils and biological potential. These species, which occur in terra firme forest, have had the essential oils (EOs) from their leaves previously evaluated, but there is a lack of studies regarding their branches (except for the species B. multiflora). Thus, in the present study, the essential oils of the branches of four species were investigated using GC-FID and GC-MS, and their antibacterial activity was also evaluated. In B. multiflora, the main constituents were exo-2-norborneol acetate (10.3 ± 0.4) and ar-curcumene (10.2 ± 0.3%). Ar-curcumene (10.0 ± 0.3%), caryophyllene oxide (8.4 ± 0.1%) and (Z,Z)-farnesol (7.2 ± 0.2%) were predominant in the EO of G. guianensis. Caryophyllene oxide (51.0 ± 0.1%) was the predominant constituent of the essential oil from G. blepharophylla. U. guatterioides showed the phenylpropanoid elemicin (71.7 ± 0.3%) as its main constituent. The EO of G. guianensis showed strong bactericidal activity against Enterococcus faecalis.
Originary studentes in native schools: configurations of inclusive special education in Southern Amazonas
Authors: Monteiro Alcioni da Silva , Mascarenhas Suely Aparecida do Nascimento
Published: May 2023

This paper analyzes the political and pedagogical contexts of the Municipal Department of Education and Culture (SEMEC) of the municipality of Lábrea (Southern Amazonas). For the theoretical basis, the historical context of the indigenous school education in Labrea is subsidized in consonance with rural education and special education. The methodological procedures will be presented based on documental and qualitative analyses and by means of bibliographic review. As a result, we will present nuances of the unfolding and adjustments of SEMEC's services that elucidate the practices and aspects of the inclusion foments in the claims of the offer and effectiveness of education for all, as well as the challenges of implementing differentiated and inclusive indigenous school education. However, for the insertion of plausible conditions for the effectiveness and realization of inclusive education in indigenous school education are necessary, the guarantee and legal compliance in the implementation of pedagogical practices before the various school scenarios offered to native peoples.
Post-harvest quality of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in response to hydrothermal treatment
Authors: Santos Marília Assis dos , Megguer Clarice Aparecida , Costa Alan Carlos , Pontes Nadson , Rodrigues Rhayf Eduardo , Oliveira Raphaela Felippe
Published: May 2023

The efficiency of hydrothermal treatment for the control of several bacterial diseases has been reported in some studies, but there are a lack of results on post-harvest changes resulting from this treatment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the post-harvest quality of potatoes submitted treated via hot water immersion. Potato tubers of the cultivar Ágata were immersed in 40, 50, 60, or 70ºC water for 1, 6, 11 and 21 minutes and evaluated for firmness of pulp (F), soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (AT), total soluble sugars (AST), reducing sugars (RA), non-reducing sugars (ANR), and starches at 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days of storage. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. The means corresponding to the factors in question were analyzed using the Dunnett test (5%). It was possible to conclude that all hydrothermal treatments used here altered the acidity of the tubers. The treatments at 40°C at all immersion times; 50°C for 1, 6 and 11 minutes; and 60°C for 1 and 6 minutes provided a longer post-harvest tuber life.
effect of training program on functional status and stress among patients with chronic cerebrovascular stroke
Authors: Khalil Basma Mohamed , El Hawet Eman Ahmed Ibrahim , Elmansy Fatma Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Background: Stroke is a significant health problem in developing countries. Compared to other Arab nations, Egypt's population has a much higher prevalence of stroke. This study aimed to determine the effect of training program on functional status and stress among patients with chronic cerebrovascular stroke. Method: Design: This study used a quasi-experimental research design. Setting: The study was carried out at the neurology department unit at Damanhour University Hospital. Egypt. Subjects: All patients (50) with cerebrovascular stroke who were admitted to the aforementioned settings at the time of data collection made up the sample, which was chosen using a convenient sampling technique. Tools: Tool I: Health assessment Sheet, Tool II: - Functional Independence Measure (FIM Instrument), Tool III: Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale Short Version, Tool IV: Patients' Knowledge about Stroke, and Tool V:  Patient's Practices of Stroke care checklist. Results:  There were statistically significant differences, improvements in functional status, and reductions found in total stress levels among patients with chronic cerebrovascular stroke pre & post-training program implementation (P<0.001). Conclusion: The present study concluded that the training program significantly had a positive effect on improved functional status and reduced levels of stress among those with chronic cerebrovascular stroke.
Peran Integrated Marketing Communication pada Perusahaan Media (Di Menara62.com – Media Dakwah Muhammadiyah)
Authors: Taryana Ade , Retnowardhani Dhaneswari
Published: May 2023

Dalam era digital yang terus berkembang, perusahaan media menghadapi tantangan yang semakin kompleks dalam mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kehadiran mereka di tengah persaingan yang ketat. Di tengah laju perubahan teknologi dan pergeseran perilaku konsumen, perusahaan media perlu menemukan cara yang efektif untuk mengkomunikasikan pesan-pesan mereka kepada audiens yang semakin heterogen dan mendapatkan perhatian mereka. Jurnal ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) pada perusahaan media, di Menara62.com – Media Dakwah Muhammadiyah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IMC memiliki peran yang penting dalam meningkatkan brand awareness dan citra perusahaan media, serta dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen. Selain itu, IMC juga membantu perusahaan media dalam mengintegrasikan komunikasi pemasaran dan meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas kampanye pemasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Menara62.com telah berhasil mengintegrasikan pesan pemasaran mereka dengan menggunakan IMC. Responden menyatakan bahwa IMC memungkinkan mereka untuk memastikan bahwa pesan pemasaran yang sama disampaikan melalui berbagai saluran komunikasi. Hasilnya, pesan pemasaran Menara62.com menjadi lebih terstruktur dan konsisten. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, media sosial telah menjadi saluran pemasaran yang sangat penting bagi perusahaan media. Dengan IMC, Menara62.com dapat mengelola konten media sosial mereka secara efektif dan memastikan bahwa pesan yang sama disampaikan melalui semua saluran komunikasi. Hal ini memungkinkan perusahaan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran merek dan interaksi dengan pelanggan Dari hasil pengukuran kinerja pemasaran tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi pemasaran yang digunakan oleh Menara62.com cukup efektif dalam menarik minat masyarakat dan meningkatkan jumlah pelanggan.. Namun, masih ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam implementasi IMC, seperti kurangnya kesepakatan dan koordinasi antara departemen yang terlibat. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan media perlu memperkuat strategi IMC mereka dengan meningkatkan koordinasi antar departemen dan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi implementasi IMC.