bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content-based Comparison of Communities in Social Networks: Ex-Yugoslavian Reactions to the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Evkoski Bojan , Novak Petra Kralj , Ljubesic Nikola
Published: March 2023

We propose an approach for comparing communities in social networks based on used hashtags, shared news sources, and discussed topics and their sentiment, both derived through transformer-based language modeling. We apply this multifaceted comparison to study the reactions of the Ex-Yugoslavian retweet communities to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Our results show that even though Ex-Yugoslavian countries share a common macro-language, their retweet communities respond very heterogeneously to the invasion. We demonstrate the limitations of observing communities using topology only and illustrate the benefits and complementarity of including content when analyzing social networks. As an example, we have identified a community linked to the Serbian governing power that deliberately avoids the invasion topic, which would not be possible by analyzing hashtags only. We conclude that a multifaceted approach provides a more nuanced understanding of social network communities that can be applied to gain insights into complex social events beyond the case study presented in this paper.
The Risk of Aggregating Networks when Diffusion is Tie-Specific
Authors: Larson Jennifer M , Rodriguez Pedro L
Published: March 2023

Empirical studies of the spread of something through social networks, a process often called diffusion, tend to rely on network data assembled from the measurement of multiple kinds of social ties. These can be different kinds of relationships, such as friendship and kinship, or different instances of concrete interactions, such as borrowing money and eating meals together. Aggregating multiple measures of ties into a single social network has become standard practice, typically done by taking a union of the various tie types. Although this has intuitive appeal, we show that in many realistic cases, this approach adds sufficient error to bias and mask true network effects. We further demonstrate that the problem depends on: (1) whether the diffusion occurs generically or in a tie-specific way, and (2) the extent of overlap between the measured network ties. Aggregating multiple measures of ties when diffusion is tie-specific and overlap is low will, on average, attenuate and potentially mask network effects that are in fact present.
Intentional Enterotomies: Validation of a Novel Robotic Surgery Training Exercise
Authors: Laverty Robert Burnham , Khan Mustafa T. , Patnaik Ronit , Lee Christina Sooyeon , Leonardo Cassandra Dee , Krell Robert W. , Stull Mamie C.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: While laparoscopic simulation-based training is a well-established component of general surgery training, no such requirement or standardized curriculum exists for robotic surgery. Furthermore, there is a lack of high-fidelity electrocautery simulation training exercises in the literature. Using Messick’s validity framework, we sought to determine the content, response process, internal content and construct validity of a novel inanimate tissue model that utilizes electrocautery for potential incorporation in such curricula.
Methods: Multi-institutional, prospective study involving medical students (MS) and general surgery residents (PGY1-3). Participants performed an exercise using a biotissue bowel model on the da Vinci Xi robotic console during which they created an enterotomy using electrocautery followed by approximation with interrupted sutures. Participant performance was recorded and then scored by crowd-sourced assessors of technical skill along with three of the authors. Construct validity was determined via difference in Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (GEARS) score, time to completion and total number of errors between the two cohorts. Upon completion of the exercise, participants were surveyed on their perception of the exercise and its impact on their robotic training to determine content validity.
Results: 31 participants were enrolled and separated into two cohorts: MS + PGY1 vs PGY2-3. Time spent on the robotic trainer (0.8 vs 8.13 hours, p=0.002), number of bedside robotic assists (5.7 vs 14.8, p<0.001), and number of robotic cases as primary surgeon (0.3 vs 13.1, p<0.001) were statistically significant between the two groups. Differences in GEARS scores (18.5 vs 19.9, p=0.001), time to completion (26.1 vs 14.4 min, p<0.001), and total errors (21.5 vs 11.9, p=0.018) between the groups were statistically significant as well. Of the 23 participants that completed the post-exercise survey, 87% and 91.3% reported improvement in robotic surgical ability and confidence, respectively. On a 10-point Likert scale, respondents rated the realism of the exercise 7.5, educational benefit 9.1, and effectiveness in teaching robotic skills 8.7. Controlling for the upfront investment of certain training materials, each exercise iteration cost ~$30.
Conclusions: This study confirmed the content, response process, internal structure and construct validity of a novel, high-fidelity and cost-effective inanimate tissue exercise which successfully incorporates electrocautery. Consideration should be given to its addition to robotic surgery training programs.
The impact of palliative care via video telemedicine: A prospective study
Authors: Chida Akihiko , Hamamoto Yasuo , Hirata Kenro , Sato Yasunori , So Eiichiro , Kishimoto Shotaro , Noguchi Satoko , Horie Sara , Saito Yuki , Shimozaki Keitaro , Tsugaru Kai , Togasaki Kazuhiro , Kawasaki Kenta , Hayashi Hideyuki , Kanai Takanori
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Palliative care should be provided for terminal cancer patients, but the remaining question is how oncologists are providing palliative care. Herein, we evaluated the effectiveness of palliative care provided via video telemedicine.
Methods: Terminal cancer patients receiving the best supportive care were enrolled and divided into two groups: telemedicine and no telemedicine. The primary endpoint was quality of life (QOL), which was evaluated using the difference in the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (FACT-G) scores between baseline and at the 1-month follow-up. Secondary endpoints included depression measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression (CES-D) scale, overall survival (OS), and patient satisfaction.
Results: Overall, 50 patients were included in this study,with 25 patients in each group. FACT-G decreased by 0.30 vs 5.90 points in the telemedicine and no telemedicine groups, respectively. Although there was no significant difference (P = 0.088), the telemedicine group tended to maintain better QOL. CES-D increased by 0.96 vs 3.52 points in the telemedicine and no telemedicine groups, respectively. Depressive tendency was lower in the telemedicine group; however, there was no significant difference (P = 0.27). Median survival time (MST) was 7.82 (3.30 – 14.59) vs 6.37 (2.33 – 11.04) months in the telemedicine and no telemedicine groups, respectively, and the HR was 0.67 (95%CI 0.33 – 1.34, P = 0.25).
Conclusion: There was a trend toward improved QOL in patients receiving video telemedicine. It is desirable to further evaluate the effectiveness of palliative care with telemedicine and link it to clinical applications.
Survival analysis of radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy combined with temozolomide chemotherapy for low-grade gliomas: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Mincai , Tang Jun , Peng Jie , Yu Wanli , Zhang Wei , Huang Ning , Chen Jin
Published: March 2023

Purpose: According to the WHO classification, low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are slow-growing primary brain tumors, including grades I and II; accounting for 25-30% of adult gliomas, including astrocytomas,Oligodendrogliomas,angiocentric gliomas, among others, have widely variable prognosis, with survival ranging from less than one year to more than 20 years after initial diagnosis. Generally, surgical resection is the main method, Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), observation, chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (combined with temozolomide (TMZ), CRT). This study aimed to compare the efficacy of radiotherapy alone and radiotherapy combined with temozole chemotherapy in low-grade gliomas.
Methods:Eligible literature was searched in PubMed, the Cochrane Library database and Embase from database start to August 2022. Primary outcome measures were rigorously extracted after screening for available studies that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Survival data were determined and extracted with odds ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a fixed-effects model, and if HR was not reported in the article, we used Engauge Digitizer 11.3 (QT) to extract events from Kaplan-Meier survival curves time data. Results The efficacy of RT versus CRT in low-grade gliomas was evaluated using a forest plot made by revman 5.3.
Results:A total of 6 articles were included, including 3 case-control studies, 1 cohort study, and 2 RCTs, including a total of 1310 patients, including 133 conservative treatment cases, 17 cases of TMZ chemotherapy alone, 424 cases of RT treatment alone, and CRT treatment. 736 cases. Our results showed that CRT significantly improved OS (HR: 0.62 95%CI 0.51-0.75; P<0.00001) and PFS (HR: 0.66 95%CI 0.53-0.84; P =0.0007).
Conclusions:In conclusion, the addition of temozolomide chemotherapy to radiotherapy for postoperative adjuvant therapy of low-grade glioma improves OS and FPS. In addition to improving survival and progression-free survival, future research needs to better understand the risk and mechanisms of TMZ-induced hypermutation in low-grade gliomas, and the focus should be on the prevention of malignant transformation.
Evaluation of Retinal Vascular and Structural Alterations in Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Patients without Papilledema
Authors: Kocer Ali Mert , Yılmaz Arzu , Atesoglu Halil Ibrahim , Turkay Mine , Çıtırık Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate retinal structural and microvascular alterations using optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA) in pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients with regressed papilledema.
Methods
This study included 40 eyes of 21 IIH patients and 69 eyes of 36 healthy controls. Radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) vessel density and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were evaluated by XR Avanti AngioVue OCTA (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). The data were obtained from measurement zones that are automatically divided into two equal hemispheres (superior and inferior) and eight quadrants (superior-temporal, superior-nasal, inferior-temporal, inferior-nasal, nasal-superior, nasal-inferior, temporal-superior, temporal-inferior). Initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, grade of papilledema, and duration of follow-up were recorded.
Results
There were significant differences in RPC vessel densities and RNFL thicknesses between the study groups (p ˃ 0.05). Significantly higher RPC vessel density measurements were observed in the patient group for the whole image, peripapillary, inferior-hemi, and whole nasal quadrants (p < 0.05). Except for the temporal-superior, temporal-inferior, inferior-temporal, and superior-temporal quadrants, the RNFL in all regions was significantly thicker in the IIH group than in the control group (p ˂ 0.001).
Conclusions
RNFL thickness and RPC vessel density were significantly different between the IIH patient and control groups, suggesting that retinal microvascular and subclinical structural changes that were potentially secondary to CSF pressure can persist after the resolution of papilledema. However, our results should be confirmed by further longitudinal studies investigating the progress of these alterations to determine their effects on peripapillary tissues.
Analytics Modules for Business Students
Authors: Carroll Paula
Published: March 2023

Data Science is a relatively new requirement for business students. Historically many business students shied away from business statistics and quantitative or Operational Research (OR) modules believing them to be boring and irrelevant. The high profile use of analytics and modelling during the Covid pandemic has drawn awareness to the relevance of analytics. Greater availability of data and modelling tools afford business students an opportunity to re-engage with Operational Research and Analytics and to enjoy the satisfaction of modelling and solving real world problems, but the challenge of the mathematical modelling skills gap of business students remains. In this paper we describe a learning pathway of modules in business analytics that can enhance business students’ confidence and capabilities in performing statistical and analytical business tasks. We recommend modelling tools and incremental innovative mathematical modelling teaching approaches that are pedagogically sound and suitable for business students with varying quantitative backgrounds.
Influence of ceramic particles additives on the mechanical properties and machinability of carbon fiber/ polymer composites
Authors: Ali Noor Hassan , Shihab Suha K. , Mohamed Muzher T.
Published: March 2023

Hybrid polymer composites have recently become the interest of the world and their uses are increasing in various applications, especially mechanical, electronic, and other applications. Recently, advanced machining techniques for hybrid polymer composites have been used to solve many problems during machining processes, including the ability to form complex shapes, high performance, better surface features, and high levels of accuracy. Among many machining processes, Abrasive Water Jet Machining (AWJM) has attracted the attention of many researchers and engineers in many industries. In this study, hybrid polymer composites consisting of an epoxy matrix reinforced with six layers of carbon fibers with a fixed percentage (15%) and ceramic particles (SiC and Al2O3) with different weight percentage were prepared by hand lay-up method. Mechanical tests including (tensile test, flexural test, impact and hardness test) were conducted. The results of mechanical tests showed that an improvement in the tensile and flexural properties was of (19.7%) in the tensile strength, (40%) in the modulus of elasticity, )55.26%( in the flexural strength and )69.49%( in the flexural modulus,) 12%( in the hardness using hybrid polymer constituent (70 wt% Epoxy+15 wt% CF +10 wt% Sic +5 wt% Al2O3). However, this hybrid polymer constituent includes lowest value of impact strength. Also, the morphological analysis indicated the uniform distribution of particles, the best defect-free surface and the bonding strength between the reinforcement and the epoxy matrix can be obtained using this constituent which has contributed to the improvement in the mechanical properties. The AWJM automation process was also performed based on design of experiment (Taguchi L18 design) to study the effect of the selected AWJM parameters (the hybrid polymer constituents, transverse velocity, stand of distance) on the different response variables (surface roughness, hardness, and kerf width). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) concluded that the hybrid polymer with the constituents (70 wt% Epoxy+15 wt% CF +10 wt% Sic +5 wt% Al2O3) has the most influential factor on the responses followed by transverse velocity, and then stand of distance. Moreover, the grey relational analysis was beneficially used to determine the multi optimization of AWJM parameters.
Development of a novel epigenetic clock resistant to changes in immune cell composition
Authors: Verdin Eric , Tomusiak Alan , Floro Ariel , Tiwari Ritesh , Riley Rebeccah , Matsui Hiroyuki , Andrews Nicolas , Kasler Herbert
Published: March 2023

Epigenetic clocks are age predictors that use machine-learning models trained on DNA CpG methylation values to predict chronological or biological age. Increases in predicted epigenetic age relative to chronological age (epigenetic age acceleration) are connected to aging-associated pathologies, and changes in epigenetic age are linked to canonical aging hallmarks. However, epigenetic clocks rely on training data from bulk tissues whose cellular composition changes with age. We found that human naive CD8+ T cells, which decrease during aging, exhibit an epigenetic age 15–20 years younger than effector memory CD8+ T cells from the same individual. Importantly, homogenous naive T cells isolated from individuals of different ages show a progressive increase in epigenetic age, indicating that current epigenetic clocks measure two independent variables, aging and immune cell composition. To isolate the age-associated cell intrinsic changes, we created a new clock, the IntrinClock, that did not change among 10 immune cell types tested. IntrinClock showed a robust predicted epigenetic age increase in a model of replicative senescence in vitro and age reversal during OSKM-mediated reprogramming.
Camp Lejeune Marine Cancer Risk Assessment for Exposure to Contaminated Drinking Water from 1955-1987
Authors: Rosenfeld Paul E. , Spaeth Kenneth R , McCarthy Savannah J , Winter Sophia C , Wilson Maddie S , Hagemann Matthew
Published: March 2023

This study utilizes guidance from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to calculate the cancer risk to United States Marines who were exposed to carcinogens in drinking water at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune. Camp Lejeune is a 233-square-mile Marine Corps training facility in North Carolina. Nearby dry cleaners, landfills, and underground storage tanks contaminated drinking water systems that served Camp Lejeune (ATSDR, 2017). Some of the most toxic contaminants found in the drinking water modeled by ATSDR include benzene, tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). ATSDR utilized MODFLOW and EPANET modeling software to determine the level of contamination in the three main drinking water systems at Camp Lejeune: Tarawa Terrace, Holcomb Boulevard, and Hadnot Point. This paper explains methodology for how to quantify cancer risk for the Marines who lived and served at Camp Lejeune from 1953 to 1987 using ATSDR’s health assessment, chemical contaminant modeling, and USEPA methodology. While VC and TCE were found to be the main risk drivers, benzene and PCE also contributed to the cumulative cancer risk. This analysis shows (1) that the cancer risk was greatest during the 1970s and 1980s, and (2) that the ingestion exposure pathway had the greatest contribution to overall cancer risk, followed by dermal adsorption, with the smallest contribution from inhalation.
Micro drill resistance instrument measurements at different feed speeds: Novel conversion algorithm for enhanced accuracy
Authors: YAO Jianfeng , LU Jun , fu liyong
Published: March 2023

Drill feed speed significantly affects the measurement accuracy and efficiency of the micro drill resistance instrument. Generally, different speeds are set according to the density of the wood to be drilled. It is necessary to convert the resistance data measured at different drill feed speeds into resistance data at a uniform speed to properly analyze resistance data. In this study, drill resistance data for a Paulownia wood block was measured with a self-made micro drill resistance instrument at different drill feed speeds. We found that the drill resistance is positively correlated with changes in its feed speed and the natural logarithm of change times for feed speed. We developed a conversion algorithm for the micro drill resistance instrument measurements at different feed speeds. The accuracy of the conversion algorithm is up to 95%. The algorithm can be used to convert the drill resistance of Paulownia wood measured at different drill feed speeds; it has reference value for the mutual conversion of other tree species’ drill resistance data measured at different feed speeds. This work may provide a feasible solution to improving micro drill resistance instrument accuracy when drill feed speed error is high.
Diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of pancreatic glucagonoma presenting with multiple metastases and recurring postoperatively
Authors: Yu Shenghui , Ge Muxi , Zhang Cheng , Chen Lang , Zhao Lei
Published: March 2023

Background: Pancreatic glucagonoma is a rare neuroendocrine neoplasm with malignant potential. At present, clinicians have a poor understanding of the disease, and the current epidemiology, diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of the disease have not been fully established.
Case presentation: Herein, we report two patients with such tumors, one a 60-year-old woman hospitalized for blood glucose elevation and recurrent necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) of the trunk and limbs. Imaging studies showed an area (~3 cm) of reduced enhancement at head of pancreas. Examination of the subsequent pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen confirmed a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (G2). The patient’s blood glucose normalized postoperatively, and her skin erythema cleared. During follow-up, however, intramuscular injections (30 mg) of long-acting release (LAR) octreotide acetate microspheres were required at 28-day intervals for recurrent NME, and there was apparent hepatic and retroperitioneal nodal involvement after 36 months. The second patient was a 32-year-old woman hospitalized for recurrent glossitis, perioral dermatitis, and NME of both lower limbs. Imaging studies revealed a low-density nodule (~2 cm) in tail of pancreas, as well as multiple space-occupying lesions of liver. Distal pancreatectomy was undertaken, with splenectomy and palliative resection of hepatic nodules, confirming metastasis of a primary pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (G2) to liver. The NME resolved postoperatively, but this patient also received intramuscular octreotide LAR injections (30 mg) at 28-day intervals. After 6 months, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of residual liver lesions took place.
Conclusions： In patients with multiple liver metastases, palliative surgical treatment may confer patient benefits and prolong survival. Those with hormonal-based symptoms are often well controlled through somatostatin analog (SSA) administration. postoperative adjuvant therapy of metastatic pancreatic glucagonoma has also obvious effects on the prognosis.
Review of the relationship performance between travel behavior and resident physical-mental health in China
Authors: Sun Hao
Published: March 2023

The influence of travel behavior on the physical and mental health of Chinese residents should be investigated, which is of great significance to succeed the healthy China. Through the information visualization software CiteSpace, the research trend of the literatures in the China Knowledge Network database (CNKI) and Web of Science database is analyzed. The common measurement methods and data analysis methods in the current research are introduced, and the research on the relationship between traffic behavior and residents' physical and mental health from the aspects of significant impact factors, spatial scale and type and impact mechanism is combed and evaluated.
On the conformal Ein invariants
Authors: Labbi Mohammed Larbi
Published: March 2023

For a compact Riemannian $n$-manifold $(M,g)$ of positive scalar curvature, the capital $\Ein$ invariant of $g$ is defined to be the infinimum over $M$ of the quotient of the scalar curvature by the maximal eigenvalue of the Ricci curvature. This is a re-scale invariant and belongs to the interval $(0,n]$. For a positive conformal class $[g]$, we define the conformal invariant $\Ein([g]):=\sup\{\Ein(g): g\in [g]\}$. In this paper, we prove vanihing theorems for Betti numbers and for the higher homotopy groups of $M$ under optimal lower bounds on $\Ein([g])$ assuming that $g$ is locally conformally flat. We establish an inequality relating our invariant to Schoen-Yau conformal invariant $d(M,[g])$ from which we deduce a classification result for locally conformally flat manifolds with higher $\Ein([g])$. We show that the class of locally conformally flat manifolds with $\Ein([g])>k$ is stable under the operation of connected sums for $0
The Extremal Sigma Index of Connected Graphs with Given Number of Pendant Vertices
Authors: Yang Jing , Deng Hanyuan
Published: March 2023

The Sigma index of a graph G = (V,E) is defined as the sum of (d(u)−d(υ))2 over all edges uυ ∈ E, where d(υ) denotes the degree of the vertex u in G. In this paper, we completely determine the extremal values of the Sigma index of connected graphs with n vertices and p pendant vertices (1 ≤ p ≤ n − 1), and characterize the corresponding extremal graphs.
Molecular Dynamic, Hirshfeld Surface, Computational Quantum and Spectroscopic analysis of 4-Hydroxy-1-Naphthaldehyde
Authors: Mir M. Amin , Jassal MMS , Andrews Kim
Published: March 2023

The compound 4-Hydroxy-1-Naphthaldehyde, was analysed experimentally and by computational methods using DFT method and B3LYP/6-311 + + G (d, p) basis set with respect to its FTIR, NMR, and UV-Visible spectrum. The NMR chemical shifts of carbon and protons in CDCl3 was determined by GIAO method. The oxygen containing site is more electronegative position in 4H1NA molecule, as per MEP study. The UV-Visible spectra in MeOH was done in gas phase theoretically and by TD-DFT technique. For the molecule of reference, HOMO-LUMO and Donor-Acceptor interactions were also taken into consideration. Investigations also looked into ELF, Fukui activity, and nonlinear optical properties. Additionally computed were temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties. Hirshfeld surface analysis characterize the 3D molecular interactions on crystal surface.
Wavelet Gated Multiformer for Groundwater Time Series Forecasting
Authors: Rodrigues Vitor Hugo Serravalle Reis , Junior Paulo Roberto de Melo Barros , Marinho Euler Bentes dos Santos , Silva Jose Luis Lima de Jesus
Published: March 2023

Developing accurate models for groundwater control is paramount for planning and managing life-sustaining resources (water) from aquifer reservoirs. Significant progress has been made toward designing and employing deep-forecasting models to tackle the challenge of multivariate time-series forecasting. However, most models were initially taught only to optimize natural language processing and computer vision tasks. We propose the Wavelet Gated Multiformer, which combines the strength of a vanilla Transformer with the Wavelet Crossformer that employs inner wavelet cross-correlation blocks. The self-attention mechanism (Transformer) computes the relationship between inner time-series points, while the cross-correlation finds trending periodicity patterns. The multi-headed encoder is channeled through a mixing gate (linear combination) of sub-encoders (Transformer and Wavelet Crossformer) that output trending signatures to the decoder. This process can improve the model's predictive capabilities. We have also used the Multifractal Detrended Cross-Correlation Heatmaps (MF-DCCHM) to extract cyclical trends from pairs of stations across multifractal regimes by denoising the pair of signals with Daubechies wavelets. Our dataset was obtained from a network of eight wells for groundwater monitoring in Brazilian aquifers, six rainfall stations, eleven river flow stations, and three weather stations with atmospheric pressure, temperature, and humidity sensors.
Comparative microbiome analysis reveals the variation in microbial communities between ‘Kyoho’ grape and its bud mutant variety
Authors: Wei Tong-Lu , Wang Ze-Hang , Shang Ya-Xin , Pei Mao-Song , Liu Hai-Nan , Yu Yi-He , Shi Qiao-Fang , Guo Da-Long
Published: March 2023

Background: Microbes are an important part of the vineyard ecosystem, which significantly influence the growth and development of grapevines. High-throughput microbiome sequencing can fully identify the microbial communities so as to help to guide viticulture and disease control. Previously, we identified a bud mutant variety, named ‘Fengzao’, from ‘Kyoho’ grapes. With both ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’, we conducted high-throughput microbiome sequencing and investigated their microbial communities in different tissues.
Methods: Samples of fruit, stem and leaf were separately collected from ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’. After microbiome sequencing, analysis of OTU (Operational Taxonomic Unit) and taxonomy were conducted. The species diversity among different samples were analyzed by performing alpha and beta diversity analysis.
Results: A total of 34 OTUs were identified from the different tissues of ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’. There were obvious differences in the microbial communities between ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’. The fruit and the stem are the tissues with relatively higher abundance of microbes, while the leaves contained less microbes. The fruit and stem of ‘Kyoho’ and the stem of ‘Fengzao’ had relatively higher species diversity based on the alpha diversity analysis. Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae had significantly high abundance in ‘Fengzao’. Firmicutes and Pseudomonas were highly abundant in the stems of ‘Kyoho’, and family of Spirochaetaceae, Anaplasmataceae, Chlorobiaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae, and genera of Spirochaeta, Sphingomonas, Chlorobaculum and Wolbachia were abundant in the fruits of ‘Kyoho’.
Conclusion: The fruit and the stem (but not leaf) of grapevines are important hosts for microbes, and there are significant differences in microbial compositions between ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’. These identified microbes will be significant resources for the future researches on the quality regulation and disease control of grapevines.
CircSLC1A4 Mediates N-glycosylation of MUC13 to Promote Cell migration, invasion and EMT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Up-regulation of B4GALT5 Expression
Authors: Zhang Xianfeng , Chen Zhiyuan , Che Jinhui , Zhang Yongjun , Liu Yubin , Tan Weimin
Published: March 2023

Background: HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) is the most common type of hepatic cancers with an overall poor prognosis and an alarming rising incidence. There is an urgent need to explore novel therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
Methods: QRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR) was applied to analyze the expression level of circSLC1A4 in HCC cell lines. Database analysis, ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation), DNA pulldown, RIP (RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation) and RNA pulldown assays were implemented to investigate the molecular mechanism of circSLC1A4 in HCC. Co-IP (Co-immunoprecipitation) and GST (glutathione S-transferase) pulldown assays were performed to detect the protein-protein interactions.
Results: B4GALT5 (beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 5) promotes cell migration, invasion and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) in HCC. In addition, the characteristics of circSLC1A4 in HCC were explored. Functionally, circSLC1A4 acts as a tumor-propeller in HCC via regulating B4GALT5. Specifically, circSLC1A4 recruits FOXH1 (forkhead box H1) to stimulate the transcription of B4GALT5 and recruits DDX3X (DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked) to stabilize B4GALT5 mRNA (messenger RNA). Besides, circSLC1A4 mediates B4GALT5-induced N-glycosylation of MUC13 (mucin 13) and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling via MUC13.
Conclusion: Our study manifested that circSLC1A4 mediates N-glycosylation of MUC13 to promote HCC cell migration, invasion and EMT via up-regulating B4GALT5, offering insight into HCC treatment.
COVID-19 Infection and Dementia: A Prospective Analysis of Time-Varying Risk, Subtypes, and Subpopulations from the UK Biobank
Authors: Cao Yaying , Feng Chengwu , Chen Jing , Liu Yunman , Sheng Aili , Li Shuai , Hu Yonghua , Yuan Changzheng , Xie Junqing , Zong Geng
Published: March 2023

Background: Although COVID-19 patients were suggested to experience worse cognitive outcomes, there is a paucity of evidence on time-varying risk of dementia, especially the subtypes, as well as among critical subpopulations.
Methods: Out of over 50000 individuals from general population in the UK Biobank, SARS-COV-2 infected patients between March 1, 2020, and July 31, 2021 and maximally 5:1 propensity score matched contemporary non-infected individuals were selected, with baseline dementia excluded. Matching was done on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and comorbidities. Dementia was captured according to primary care, inpatient records, and death registry, with the follow-up ending at the earliest of outcome occurrence, death, or August 31, 2021. Associations were evaluated using time-varying hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs).
Results: With a mean age of 64.5 years for 18032 COVID-19 patients and 83,008 controls, participants were followed for a median of 247 (IQR: 204–305) days and 255 dementia cases occurred, including 90 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases and 42 vascular dementia (VaD) cases. Compared with matched controls, dementia risk declined drastically after COVID-19 infection and sustained for all-cause dementia, VaD, and other dementia. During the acute phase (first 30 days), COVID-19 infection was associated with increased risks of dementia, with HRs (95% CIs) being 12.77 (6.77, 24.08) for all-cause dementia, 9.21 (2.77, 30.59) for AD, 5.53 (1.69, 18.11) for VaD, and 25.35 (8.74, 73.56) for other dementia. Among those not hospitalized within 30 days of enrollment, elevated dementia risk remained for all-cause dementia, VaD, and other dementia, with ORs being 1.82, 4.55, and 1.64, respectively. Among most of the subpopulations classified by demographic characteristics, APOE genotype, and comorbidities (except for those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases at enrollment), COVID-19 infection was associated with an elevated all-cause dementia risk and no modification effect was detected.
Conclusion: Declined yet sustained elevated dementia risk since COVID-19 infection was found and vascular risk factors may need extra attention during the long-term follow-up. Increased dementia risk from COVID-19 infection also applied for the non-hospitalized during the acute phase and most subpopulations. The potential dementia risk associated with Omicron and newer variants warrants further evaluation.
Unani-The Science of Holistic Healing
Authors: Khan Yasir
Published: March 2023

Unani medicine is a conventional medical system practised in South Asia. Hippocrates and Galen, two ancient Greek physicians, are credited with developing the principles of unani medicine. According to unani medicine, six physical or external elements known as asbab-e-sittah-zarooriah are crucial for developing a synchronised biological rhythm and, consequently, leading a healthy life. Al-umoor al-tabiyah, the seven fundamental physiological principles of Unani philosophy, are said to be harmoniously arranged and are thought to promote human health. Arkan, or elements, Mizaj, or temperament, akhlat, or body humours, Aaza, or organs and systems, Arwah, or vital spirit, Quwa, or abilities or powers, and Afaal, or functions are some of these principles. These seven organic elements interact with one another to keep the human body's basic constitution in balance. This paper discusses the important principles and holistic nature of Unani medicine.
Using Immersive Media 'Metaverse' as a Teaching Tool, Especially in Business Schools in the Accounting and Finance Classes
Authors: Habashi Jacob Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the potential advantages of incorporating immersive media (IM) technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR) artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into accounting and finance education. The market for IM is expected to reach $300 billion by 2024, and organizations are using IM to create new goods, services, and experiences and streamline processes. Despite evidence that IM technologies increase learning outcomes by delivering a more participatory and engaging experience, students from minority-serving institutions frequently have limited access to IM technology and IM-focused education. This might exacerbate the digital gap and disfavor disadvantaged groups even further. The Metaverse, a communal virtual shared place generated by the convergence of digital and physical realities, marks a new stage in the growth of the internet and has the potential to revolutionize commerce. This research paper aims to contribute to the expanding body of knowledge in this area and make suggestions for future practice and study. The problem statement stresses the lack of inclusivity and equal access to IM-focused education for marginalized students, notably in accounting and finance. This study aims to evaluate the potential benefits of utilizing IM as a teaching tool in business schools, particularly accounting and finance departments, and to identify gaps in the existing literature. The study used a qualitative research approach, namely a literature review, to collect and analyze existing data on how business schools use IM as a teaching tool. The research design and techniques explore minority-serving school students' challenges in accessing IM technology and education and how IM can enhance classroom engagement and performance. The study aims to promote diversity and inclusiveness in the business sector and to contribute to existing efforts to prepare college graduates for the evolving corporate world.
Meclofenoxate Inhibits Aggregation of Alpha-synuclein in vitro
Authors: Parui Adhuna , Biswas Soumojit , Roy Ipsita
Published: March 2023

Background:

α-Synuclein, a natively disordered protein, is a key component of Lewy
bodies, the ubiquitinated protein aggregates which are the pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease
(PD). Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine) is a nootropic drug which has shown beneficial therapeutic
effects in various neuronal diseases. Administration of meclofenoxate enhanced levels of dopamine
and improved motor function in animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Evidence suggested that
dopamine interacts with and modulates α-synuclein aggregation.

Objective:

The aim of this work was to investigate whether the observed positive effect of addition of
meclofenoxate, a nootropic agent, on dopamine level, could be correlated with its effect on aggregation
of α-synuclein.

Methods:

Purification of recombinant human α-synuclein was performed by anion exchange
chromatography. The purified protein was incubated in the absence and presence of meclofenoxate and
was analyzed for aggregation by Thioflavin T fluorescence spectroscopy. Conformational changes in
α-synuclein were monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching studies using a
neutral quencher. Secondary structure analysis of α-synuclein was monitored by circular dichroism
spectroscopy.

Results:

Recombinant human α-synuclein was expressed and purified by anion-exchange
chromatography. Incubation of α-synuclein with meclofenoxate led to lowering aggregation in a
concentration-dependent manner. Reduction in formation of oligomers was seen which suggested the
formation of an off-pathway species which did not give rise to an aggregation-competent entity.
Fluorescence quenching studies revealed that the additive distorted the native conformation of α-
synuclein, leading to the formation of lower amounts of aggregation-prone species.

Conclusion:

In the presence of higher concentrations of meclofenoxate, α-synuclein undergoes a
change in its conformation. This change is not dependent on the concentration of the additive. This
non-native conformer promotes the formation of a species which does not undergo further aggregation.
Our study provides a mechanistic explanation of the earlier observation that meclofenoxate has a
beneficial effect on progression of PD in animal models.
Nanostructured Lipid Carrier of Cinacalcet HCl: Formulation, BBD Enabled Optimization, Pharmacokinetic and In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Study
Authors: Nayak Sabita , Sruti Jammula , Patra Chinam Niranjan , Jena Goutam Kumar , Panigrahi Kanhu Charan , Kumar Nandika Khirod
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cinacalcet hydrochloride (CINH) is a BCS class IV drug. It is mainly used for the treatment of chronic renal disease and parathyroid cancer. It exhibits poor oral bioavailabil-ity of less than 25%.

Objectives:

The main objective is to improve the bioavailability of CINH by formulating the nanostructure lipid carrier (NLC).

Methods:

In this research, glyceryl monostearate (GMS), labrasol, and tween 20 were the main ex-cipients selected for the formulation of NLC. Hot high-speed homogenization and ultra-sonication method was used for the NLC formulation of CINH. The characterization of the NLCs was done as per standard procedures. Optimization of the formulated NLC was carried out by applying Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with the help of the Design Expert software. The pharmacokinetic study was conducted to determine the improvement in the bioavailability of the CINH. The cytotoxicity study was performed by using the MTT assay method to know the cell viability.

Results:

The optimized NLC formulation exhibited high drug content with a particle size of less than 200nm. A pharmacokinetic study showed 4 fold increase in oral bioavailability for the opti-mized NLC in comparison to the aqueous suspension of CINH. Minimum viability was determined as 94%, which indicates the safety of the incubated formulations.

Conclusion:

NLC formulation has the potential to improve oral bioavailability with high drug load-ing and cell viability for CINH.
An Update on the Anti-diabetic Functions of Genistein: A Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Isoflavone
Authors: Sharifinejad Niusha , Hooshyar Matin , Ramezankhah Mohammad , Shamsehkohan Amirreza , Saie Rezvan , Sahebjam Mina , Aleebrahim-Dehkordi Elahe , Orandi Shirin , Faraji Ali , Deravi Niloofar
Published: March 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a developing worldwide issue. Traditionally, different plants have been used throughout history to lower blood glucose and improve the impact of diabetes. Also, today, many natural products have been introduced to lower blood glucose in T2DM patients. The beneficial effects of genistein, the most essential and abundant isoflavone of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), on blood glucose and other metabolic indicators, as well as diabetesrelated complications, have been widely investigated. In the current narrative review, through a thorough search from "2013-2020” in “PubMed", "Scopus", “ResearchGate”, “Google Scholar”, and "Web of Science" databases, we have retrieved, reviewed, and summarized all clinical trials, as well as in vitro and in vivo studies on the anti-diabetic potential of genistein.
Importance of Surface-modified Nanocarriers in the Management of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Rachamalla Hari Krishnareddy , Madamsetty Vijay Sagar
Published: March 2023

Cervical cancer (CC) is women's fourth most occurring malignancy, with a high death rate. Every CC patient is related to infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV), predominantly transmitted through sexual contact. Early diagnosis of CC helps treat surgical removal of tumours, leading to an increased patient life span. However, existing detection methods of CC, like Pap smear test, have very low sensitivity. Even though preventive vaccines for CC are doing well, they cannot protect against all HPV cancers and potential side effects. Additionally, chemotherapy for CC has had a detrimental impact because of the lack of selective tumour cell toxicity, resulting in higher adverse effects. Despite significant progress in oncology research, efficient CCs treatment is still challenging, and target-selective drug delivery formulations with a systematic release mechanism potentially avoid and reduce biotoxicity. Recent developments in nanomedicine and nanotechnology are creating more interest in developing new treatment strategies for CC treatment. Materials used in nanomedicine development are made up of synthetic or natural. These nanoparticles pointedly impacted therapeutic applications with enhanced specificity and unique personalized assets. Surface-engineered nanoparticles offer a massive possibility for compatibility with biological agents, including nucleic acids, proteins, etc. Surface fictionalization nanoparticles with targeting ligands further help in selective targeting. The present study summarizes recent advancements in surface-modified nanoparticlebased CC treatment methodologies.
Factors that affect feeding infants with HIV mothers
Authors: Kasim Nurhayati , Kurniati Nurul
Published: March 2023

HIV is a virus that damages the immune system and weakens the body's ability to fight infections and diseases, HIV mothers have a very important role in baby growth and development, one way to improve the degree of health of the baby is by breastfeeding the babies. Breastfeeding a baby with HIV mothers can be done if the mother has received ARV therapy, but until now feeding by HIV mothers is still controversial. Purpose: to examine the factors that affect feeding babies with HIV mothers. Method: the method used is scoping review. Scoping reviews are used to surface literature and to obtain information about research activities related to the topic under study and identify problems in the research area to be studied, create a framework by identifying research questions through P EO, and identify relevant learning through Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct, selecting study articles with the Prisma Flow Chart,  mapping charting data and drawing the flow of article search, compiling, summarizing and reporting results and discussions using qualitative methods,,,
A Rare Case: Adenocarcinoma Bronchogenic Dextra Std IVB on Gefitinib (15 months) accompanied by Decreased Visual Acuity, Bilateral Sensorineural Deafness and Psychiatric Disorders with No Radiological Evidence of Brain Metastasis
Authors: Ensang Timuda Caesar , Dwi Pratiwi Suryanti , Rahmawati Dessika , Yudhantara Dearisa , Erawati Dini , Indrasworo Dyah , Prayitnaningsih Seskoati
Published: March 2023

Background: Leptomeningeal disease occurs in 3-5% of patients with lung cancer, mainly adenocarcinoma subtype. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological finding in Asian women.

Case: A 51-year-old woman with right-sided bronchogenic adenocarcinoma T4N3M1c Std IVB mutation(+) developed decreased vision, severe bilateral sensorineural deafness and psychiatric disorders after receiving Gefitinib 15 months. There was no evidence of brain metastasis from brain MRI. From evaluation of chest CT-scan, we found the disease was progressive and no Mutation Detected from ctDNA, so Gefitinib was discontinued.

Conclusion: We found some difficulties in evaluating side effects of therapy and disease progression due to patient's condition in the form of decreased total vision, severe sensorineural deafness, and psychiatric disorders. However, because no radiological evidence of brain metastases was found, we suspect this patient suffered from leptomeningeal disease.

Keywords: Lung Cancer, Adenocarcinoma, Gefitinib, Leptomeningeal Disease
El humor en el chiste mayo “Baji yoreme emo komparekame emo yori noki majtia bareyme: los tres compadres que querían hablar como los yoris”
Authors: Rodriguez Rosario Melina
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo se analiza el humor en el chiste mayo “Baji yoreme emo komparekame emo yori noki majtia bareyme: los tres compadres que querían hablar como los yoris”, obtenido durante una sesión de trabajo de campo lingüístico y el cual se basa en el texto original del mismo nombre publicado por Mondragón, Tello y Valdéz (2002), desde dos puntos de vista: (a) un relato de control social en el que se pretende destacar la superioridad de los yoris y su lengua sobre las poblaciones indígenas y grupos étnicos, así como también sus respectivas lenguas, y (b) un texto en el que los indígenas utilizan el humor para resaltar sus conflictos interétnicos con los yoris y resistir la opresión que estos ejercen sobre ellos.