bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical commissioning group criteria for rhinoplasty and septorhinoplasty in England: survey of current guidance
Authors: Ross E E , Anari S
Published: June 2018

Objective

Procedures of limited clinical value require pre-authorisation in the National Health Service, of which rhinoplasty and septorhinoplasty are two such operations. This study surveyed clinical commissioning groups within England to document the variable eligibility criteria for rhinoplasty and septorhinoplasty.

Methods

In February 2016, a letter was sent to 209 clinical commissioning groups requesting their rhinoplasty and septorhinoplasty commissioning criteria.

Results

A total of 200 clinical commissioning groups responded. Although 89.5 per cent allow septorhinoplasty in the presence of nasal obstruction, further criteria, such as documented health problems resulting from nasal blockage, severe functional impairment or a specific percentage of blockage, must be shown for septorhinoplasty to be authorised by most of the clinical commissioning groups.

Conclusion

There is great variation within individual clinical commissioning groups in England regarding the criteria for septorhinoplasty and rhinoplasty. Some criteria seem not to be clinically relevant and difficult to demonstrate. It is recommended that the guidelines are reviewed and harmonised nationally in future revisions.
Improvement of hearing results by bone cement fixation in endoscopic stapedotomy
Authors: Ardiç F N , Aykal K , Tümkaya F , Kara C O , Barlay F
Published: June 2018

Objective

This study aimed to compare the hearing results of two different stapedotomy techniques used in the clinic at different time points.

Methods

An endoscopic surgery group (group 1; n = 37) were compared retrospectively with a microscopic surgery group (group 2; n = 57). A small fenestra and Teflon piston technique were used in all patients. Bone cement was used for fixation between the prosthesis and incus in the endoscopic group only. Bone conduction threshold and air–bone gap were used as the comparison parameters.

Results

The pre-operative air–bone gap was 31.26 dB in group 1 and 32.51 dB in group 2. The post-operative air–bone gap was 8.93 dB in group 1 and 14.28 dB in group 2. There was a significant difference between the groups in post-operative air–bone gaps. There was no significant difference between the groups in post-operative bone conduction thresholds.

Conclusion

The endoscopic technique using bone cement fixation was better for closing the air–bone gap.
External auditory canal cholesteatoma and benign necrotising otitis externa: clinical study of 95 cases in the Capital Region of Denmark
Authors: Hertz J , Siim C
Published: June 2018

Objective

To identify epidemiological and pathophysiological factors, and treatment strategies, in external auditory canal cholesteatoma and benign necrotising otitis externa.

Methods

A retrospective case study was conducted of patients suffering from external auditory canal cholesteatoma and benign necrotising otitis externa admitted to tertiary hospitals, in the Capital Region of Denmark, over a five-year period.

Results

Eighty-three patients (95 ears) with external auditory canal cholesteatoma or benign necrotising otitis externa were identified. A minimum incidence rate of 0.97 per 100 000 inhabitants per year was demonstrated. Sixty-eight per cent of cases had a history of smoking. Most lesions (74 per cent) were localised in the floor of the ear canal. Treatment time was 3.2 months for patients who had surgery and 6.0 months for those who received conservative treatment.

Conclusion

It is suggested that external auditory canal cholesteatoma and benign necrotising otitis externa are in fact the same disease, and therefore the diagnosis of external auditory canal cholesteatoma should be changed to benign necrotising otitis externa. Microangiopathy has a leading role in the aetiology. Surgery should be conducted in most cases.
Mapping ‘the whirligig of amusements’ in colonial Southeast Asia
Authors: Tofighian Nadi
Published: June 2018

This article assesses the interconnected nature of Southeast Asia around 1900, the transnational entertainment scene in Southeast Asia, and the role of Singapore as a hub for commerce, shipping, and entertainment. The global and regional development of transportation and communications technology and networks facilitated the movement of people, goods, ideas, and amusement forms. The article is based primarily on archival research from colonial newspapers in the region. It surveys and maps more than one hundred itinerant entertainment companies that travelled throughout Southeast Asia around the turn of the century, thereby creating and visualising a circuit of entertainment.
Temporal effects of maternal psychological distress on child mental health problems at ages 3, 5, 7 and 11: analysis from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Hope Steven , Pearce Anna , Chittleborough Catherine , Deighton Jessica , Maika Amelia , Micali Nadia , Mittinty Murthy , Law Catherine , Lynch John
Published: June 2018

Background

Psychological distress is common among women of childbearing age, and limited longitudinal research suggests prolonged exposure to maternal distress is linked to child mental health problems. Estimating effects of maternal distress over time is difficult due to potential influences of child mental health problems on maternal distress and time-varying confounding by family circumstances.

Methods

We analysed the UK Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative sample with data collected throughout childhood. Adopting a marginal structural modelling framework, we investigated effects of exposure to medium/high levels of maternal psychological distress (Kessler-6 score 8+) on child mental health problems (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire borderline/abnormal behaviour cut-off) using maternal and child mental health data at 3, 5, 7 and 11 years, accounting for the influence of child mental health on subsequent maternal distress, and baseline and time-varying confounding.

Results

Prior and concurrent exposures to maternal distress were associated with higher levels of child mental health problems at ages 3, 5, 7 and 11 years. For example, elevated risks of child mental health problems at 11 years were associated with exposure to maternal distress from 3 years [risk ratio (RR) 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.49)] to 11 years [RR 2.15 (95% CI 1.89–2.45)]. Prolonged exposure to maternal distress at ages 3, 5, 7 and 11 resulted in an almost fivefold increased risk of child mental health problems.

Conclusions

Prior, concurrent and, particularly, prolonged exposure to maternal distress raises risks for child mental health problems. Greater support for mothers experiencing distress is likely to benefit the mental health of their children.
Neutron activation analysis of Aegean-style IIIC pottery from the Goldman excavations at Tarsus-Gözlükule
Authors: Mountjoy P.A. , Mommsen H. , Özyar A.
Published: June 2018

The appearance of Aegean-style IIIC pottery at Tarsus occured at a time of unrest and of movement of peoples resulting in part from the collapse of the Mycenaean palaces on the Greek mainland. Mycenaean Late Helladic IIIB pottery exports from mainland Greece to Cyprus and the Levant disappeared and were gradually replaced by local imitations. Eventually Aegean-style IIIC pottery appeared in the East Aegean-West Anatolian Interface, in Cyprus and at various sites on the southern coast of Turkey and in the Levant. It was not exported from the Greek mainland, but seems to have been locally made at each site. A first series of neutron activation analysis (NAA) was carried out on pottery from Tarsus to determine how much of the Aegean-style 12th-century BC pottery was locally produced, how much was imported and, if imported, from whence it came. The favourable results of this first analysis gave rise to a second NAA of more Aegean-style pottery from Tarsus, bringing the total number of pieces analysed to 67. It has confirmed the local production of the pottery; the chemical group TarA is the dominant local group at Tarsus, comprising a third of the samples. A smaller group, TarB, may also be local. The analysis revealed a large number of Aegean-style IIIC imports from Cyprus from several different sites; these make up a quarter of the samples. There are a few imports from other areas, including the East Aegean-West Anatolian Interface. Influence from both Cyprus and the Interface can also be seen at Tarsus in the use of some shapes and motifs. A comparison with 12th-century BC imports identified by NAA at the site of Tell Kazel (ancient Simyra) in Syria directly east of Cyprus shows imports from the same two areas.
HOW CAN HEALTH SYSTEMS PREPARE FOR NEW AND EMERGING HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES? THE ROLE OF HORIZON SCANNING REVISITED
Authors: Oortwijn Wija , Sampietro-Colom Laura , Habens Fay , Trowman Rebecca
Published: June 2018

Objectives:

For many years, several health technology assessment (HTA) agencies scanned the horizon to identify health technologies that were safe, effective and offer value for money. However, there is limited evidence regarding its impact. The role of horizon scanning in preparing health systems for the uptake of new and emerging health technologies was discussed during the 2018 HTA International (HTAi) Global Policy Forum Meeting.

Methods:

Reflection of the discussion between seventy-two senior representatives from for-profit, not-for-profit organizations, and HTAi leadership. It was informed by a background paper, and presentations from four invited experts and seventeen Policy Forum members.

Results:

Current horizon scanning systems (HSS) mainly identify health technologies in the late stage of development, aiming to inform topic selection for HTA. Areas for improvement included the need for a clearer definition of the end user(s), purpose, scope, and focus of HSS, the long-term full health system effects, including all relevant stakeholders as early as possible, and considering smart data systems and international collaboration to improve HSS's efficiency. The way in which HSS could be further optimized and better shaped to prepare health systems was also discussed and good practice examples were presented.

Conclusions:

HSS have not yet reached their full potential in preparing health systems. To improve the current situation, the HTA community could act as convenors, bringing together all relevant stakeholders and providing the information that decision makers need. This would require a new, more integrative approach to define and use HSS and HTA, and requires new skills.
Giardiasis: a diagnosis that should be considered regardless of the setting
Authors: Escobedo Angel A. , Almirall Pedro , Hanevik Kurt , Cimerman Sérgio , Rodríguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Almanza Caridad , Auza-Santivañez Jhossmar
Published: June 2018

Although Giardia, the aetiological agent of giardiasis, is one of the most prevalent intestinal parasitic infections world-wide, for industrialised countries, it is mainly appreciated as an imported disease with the minimal local transmission. However, the current evidence challenges this perception; Giardia has relevance beyond the high prevalence areas. This infection may be asymptomatic or cause gastrointestinal complains and long-term sequelae, including irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue and impaired child growth and cognitive development. Its detection and diagnosis present a challenge to physicians who may not be familiar with this infection. To improve interventions to control this parasitosis, it is necessary to maintain a high index of suspicion and remain vigilant in finding cases at risk for infection. A better understanding of the characteristics of populations importing infections alongside improved methods to reliably classify infections as imported or acquired locally will help to ensure early and accurate diagnosis. The evidence shows that public health problems like giardiasis are global issues that need to be addressed collectively by both high and low prevalence countries.
LOLLARDS OF COVENTRY 1486–1522
Authors: McSHEFFREY SHANNON , TANNER NORMAN
Published: June 2018

LOLLARDS OF COVENTRY 1486–1522
Popular sovereignty over natural resources: A critical reappraisal of Leif Wenar’sBlood Oilfrom the perspective of international law and justice
Authors: GÜMPLOVÁ PETRA
Published: June 2018

The article discusses the concept of popular sovereignty over natural resources and its possible applicability to a broader account of natural resource justice based on a moral interpretation of international law. Leif Wenar’s recent proposal to entrench popular resource sovereignty as a counterclaim to illegitimate uses of natural resources by corrupt and authoritarian regimes serves as the starting point for the discussion of the possible meaning of popular resource sovereignty and its role in an account of natural resource justice. Three key aspects of Wenar’s conception are in focus: 1) the framing of popular resource sovereignty within the current system of sovereign territoriality, 2) the notion of collective ownership of natural resources as the content of popular resource sovereignty, and 3) civil and political rights as the key set of norms determining the conditions of legitimate exercise of resource sovereignty. The article argues that collective sovereignty claims over natural resources can neither be framed exclusively through boundaries of current sovereign states, nor understood in terms of full and unlimited property rights. Concerning civil and political rights, I argue we need to move past the liberal conception of legitimacy toward a more comprehensive human rights-based conception of justice serving as a standard for assessment of legitimacy of both sovereign and non-sovereign entities which have rights over natural resources.
Problem Pressure and Social Policy Innovation: Lessons from Nineteenth-Century Germany
Authors: Horn Alexander , Kevins Anthony
Published: June 2018

In studying how to best understand social program introduction, political scientists have built up a laundry list of contributory factors. We suggest, however, that “objective” problem pressure has been incorrectly neglected by many scholars in recent decades—and the well-known case of Germany’s nineteenth-century introduction of social insurance legislation provides a clear illustration of this point. In explaining the origins and design of German social insurance, the interplay of three factors is key: first, exceptionally high problem pressure, connected to both labor market- and state-building processes; second, a fragile institutional context dominated by Prussia; and third, the party political constellation. In making this argument, we draw on “open functional reasoning” and extract implications from the case study to further refine the underlying theory. Specifically, we find that goal-oriented action may both be more common and more prone to compromise than the theory suggests. As such, we not only present an argument for considering the potential impact of problem pressure, but also lay out and refine an approach to doing so. In contrasting this approach to the problematic functionalism that initially inclined many scholars to neglect of problem pressure, we hope to help rehabilitate the concept—and in the process strengthen the explanatory power of research in sociology and political science.
Cooperation, Coordination, and Control: The Emergence and Decline of Centralized Finance in American Charity
Authors: Brown Maoz
Published: June 2018

The notion that government funding undermines the independence of nonprofit organizations is a prevalent theme in scholarship on state–nonprofit relations, social welfare policy, and the condition of American civil society. This article scrutinizes historical assumptions about community organizations that inform debates over the influence of government funding in the nonprofit sector. Drawing on long-standing organizational theory and a historical analysis of the Community Chest movement, this article highlights the tension between collaboration and independence inherent in the nonprofit organizational form as well as the implications of this tension in light of historical changes in the resource environment of voluntary human service agencies. This conceptual and temporal focus leads not only to an analytical reorientation but also to a historical revision: The influx of government funding in the American nonprofit sector in the 1960s promoted nonprofit independence by undermining the authority of local community institutions. In addition to complicating popular beliefs about charity in American civic culture, this article facilitates a more sophisticated understanding of community dynamics.
Linkage Between Dinitrogen Fixation and Primary Production in the Oligotrophic South Pacific Ocean
Authors: Shiozaki Takuhei , Bombar Deniz , Riemann Lasse , Sato Mitsuhide , Hashihama Fuminori , Kodama Taketoshi , Tanita Iwao , Takeda Shigenobu , Saito Hiroaki , Hamasaki Koji , Furuya Ken
Published: June 2018

The import of nitrogen via dinitrogen fixation supports primary production, particularly in the oligotrophic ocean; however, to what extent dinitrogen fixation influences primary production, and the role of specific types of diazotrophs, remains poorly understood. We examined the relationship between primary production and dinitrogen fixation together with diazotroph community structure in the oligotrophic western and eastern South Pacific Ocean and found that dinitrogen fixation was higher than nitrate‐based new production. Primary production increased in the middle of the western subtropical region, where the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium dominated the diazotroph community and accounted for up to 7.8% of the phytoplankton community, and the abundance of other phytoplankton taxa (especially Prochlorococcus) was high. These results suggest that regenerated production was enhanced by nitrogen released from Trichodesmium and that carbon fixation by Trichodesmium also contributed significantly to total primary production. Although volumetric dinitrogen fixation was comparable between the western and eastern subtropical regions, primary production in the western waters was more than twice as high as that in the eastern waters, where UCYN‐A1 (photoheterotroph) and heterotrophic bacteria were the dominant diazotrophs. This suggests that dinitrogen fixed by these diazotrophs contributed relatively little to primary production of the wider community, and there was limited carbon fixation by these diazotrophs. Hence, we document how the community composition of diazotrophs in the field can be reflected in how much nitrogen becomes available to the wider phytoplankton community and in how much autotrophic diazotrophs themselves fix carbon and thereby influences the magnitude of local primary production.
Intensified Cold Pool Dynamics Under Stronger Surface Heating
Authors: Haerter Jan O. , Schlemmer Linda
Published: June 2018

The observed increase of convective extreme precipitation intensities with temperature beyond the Clausius‐Clapeyron rate has recently directed attention to nonequilibrium processes that might cause the increase. While out‐of‐equilibrium simulations with perturbed heating conditions show clear increases in convective precipitation intensities, it has so far remained unclear, to which extent precipitation intensities can increase, when the atmosphere is in “perpetual equilibrium” (PE). We use the term PE to describe periodically forced diurnal cycles that eventually yield an approximately repetitive atmospheric response from day to day. In PE, as defined here, precipitation extremes increase at rates beyond the Clausius‐Clapeyron rate. When analyzing causes for the increase, we find the variance in near‐surface temperature to increase significantly as precipitation builds up throughout the day and that this temperature variance is larger when surface heating is increased. We propose that enhanced rain evaporation may drive a feedback, by which cold pool activity, and the possible collision of cold pool gust fronts, is strengthened—thereby intensifying subsequent convective updrafts and their precipitation.
Independent DEM of Antarctica Using GNSS‐R Data From TechDemoSat‐1
Authors: Cartwright Jessica , Clarizia Maria Paola , Cipollini Paolo , Banks Christopher J. , Srokosz Meric
Published: June 2018

The first digital elevation model (DEM) of the Antarctic ice sheet derived from Global Navigation Satellite Systems‐Reflectometry (GNSS‐R) data from the UK TechDemoSat‐1 satellite is presented. This is obtained using 32 months of data from the mission. This opportunistic and inexpensive method is shown to produce encouraging results from the technology demonstration platform of TechDemoSat‐1, with median bias under 18 m and root‐mean‐square difference under 91 m when compared to the CryoSat‐2 1‐km DEM v1.0. Discrepancies between the two data sets are explored along with possible causes of such differences and potential improvements to further optimize this technique for future GNSS‐R missions.
Time‐Dependent Compaction as a Mechanism for Regular Stick‐Slips
Authors: van den Ende M. P. A. , Niemeijer A. R.
Published: June 2018

Owing to their destructive potential, earthquakes receive considerable attention from laboratory studies. In friction experiments, stick‐slips are studied as the laboratory equivalent of natural earthquakes, and numerous attempts have been made to simulate stick‐slips numerically using the discrete element method (DEM). However, while laboratory stick‐slips commonly exhibit regular stress drops and recurrence times, stick‐slips generated in DEM simulations are highly irregular. This discrepancy highlights a gap in our understanding of stick‐slip mechanics, which propagates into our understanding of earthquakes. In this work, we show that regular stick‐slips emerge in DEM when time‐dependent compaction by pressure solution is considered. We further show that the stress drop and recurrence time of stick‐slips are directly controlled by the kinetics of pressure solution. Since compaction is known to operate in faults, this mechanism for frictional instabilities directly relates to natural seismicity.
Measurements of three-dimensional refractive index tomography and membrane deformability of live erythrocytes from Pelophylax nigromaculatus
Authors: Kim Geon , Lee Moosung , Youn SeongYeon , Lee EuiTae , Kwon Daeheon , Shin Jonghun , Lee SangYun , Lee Youn Sil , Park YongKeun
Published: June 2018

Unlike mammalian erythrocytes, amphibian erythrocytes have distinct morphological features including large cell sizes and the presence of nuclei. The sizes of the cytoplasm and nuclei of erythrocytes vary significantly over different species, their environments, or pathophysiology, which makes hematological studies important for investigating amphibian species. Here, we present a label-free three-dimensional optical quantification of individual amphibian erythrocytes from frogs Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Rana nigromaculata). Using optical diffraction tomography, we measured three-dimensional refractive index (RI) tomograms of the cells, which clearly distinguished the cytoplasm and nuclei of the erythrocytes. From the measured RI tomograms, we extracted the relevant biochemical parameters of the cells, including hemoglobin contents and hemoglobin concentrations. Furthermore, we measured dynamic membrane fluctuations and investigated the mechanical properties of the cell membrane. From the statistical and correlative analysis of these retrieved parameters, we investigated interspecific differences between frogs and previously studied mammals.
Diagnostic yield and accuracy of coronary CT angiography after abnormal nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Meinel Felix G. , Schoepf U. Joseph , Townsend Jacob C. , Flowers Brian A. , Geyer Lucas L. , Ebersberger Ullrich , Krazinski Aleksander W. , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Thierfelder Kolja M. , Baker Deborah W. , Khan Ashan M. , Fernandes Valerian L. , O’Brien Terrence X.
Published: June 2018

We aimed to determine the diagnostic yield and accuracy of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in patients referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) based on clinical concern for coronary artery disease (CAD) and an abnormal nuclear stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) study. We enrolled 100 patients (84 male, mean age 59.6 ± 8.9 years) with an abnormal MPI study and subsequent referral for ICA. Each patient underwent CCTA prior to ICA. We analyzed the prevalence of potentially obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis) on CCTA and calculated the diagnostic accuracy of ≥50% stenosis on CCTA for the detection of clinically significant CAD on ICA (defined as any ≥70% stenosis or ≥50% left main stenosis). On CCTA, 54 patients had at least one ≥50% stenosis. With ICA, 45 patients demonstrated clinically significant CAD. A positive CCTA had 100% sensitivity and 84% specificity with a 100% negative predictive value and 83% positive predictive value for clinically significant CAD on a per patient basis in MPI positive symptomatic patients. In conclusion, almost half (48%) of patients with suspected CAD and an abnormal MPI study demonstrate no obstructive CAD on CCTA.
β-Oxidation in ghrelin-producing cells is important for ghrelin acyl-modification
Authors: Ikenoya Chika , Takemi Shota , Kaminoda Arisa , Aizawa Sayaka , Ojima Shiomi , Gong Zhi , Chacrabati Rakhi , Kondo Daisuke , Wada Reiko , Tanaka Toru , Tsuda Sachiko , Sakai Takafumi , Sakata Ichiro
Published: June 2018

Ghrelin is a unique fatty acid-modified peptide hormone produced in the stomach and has important roles in energy homeostasis and gastrointestinal motility. However, the medium-chain fatty acid source for ghrelin acyl-modification is not known. We found that a fat-free diet and the removal of intestinal microbiota did not decrease acyl-ghrelin production in the stomach or plasma acyl-ghrelin levels in mice. RT-PCR analysis showed that genes involving fatty acid synthesis, metabolism, and transport were expressed in pancreas-derived ghrelinoma (PG-1) cells. Treatment with an irreversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) strongly decreased acylated ghrelin levels but did not affect ghrelin or ghrelin o-acyl transferase (GOAT) mRNA levels in PG-1 cells. Our results suggest that the medium-chain fatty acid used for the acyl-modification of ghrelin is produced in ghrelin-producing cells themselves by β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids provided from the circulation.
Hybrid Plasmonic Microring Nano-Ruler
Authors: Du Jing , Wang Jian
Published: June 2018

Surface plasmonic polariton (SPP) has attracted increasing interest for its ability of confining light in the subwavelength scale and breaking the diffraction limit. Recently, there have appeared several important developments of SPP applied in plasmon rulers, waveguides and resonators. By combing these concepts we present a novel hybrid plasmonic microring nano-ruler relying on the sensitive hybrid mode property and the microring resonator structure. The designed nano-ruler can measure distance in nanoscale resolution and offer adjustable sensitivity, which exceeds 14.8 as the distance is less than 5 nm by recording the transmission spectra and outstrips 200 dB/nm by observing the shift of output intensity. These demonstrations suggest that hybrid plasmonic microring nano-ruler could be a promising candidate enabling high-resoluation measurement.
Broadband frequency-reconfigurable metamaterial absorber using switchable ground plane
Authors: Jeong Heijun , Lim Sungjoon
Published: June 2018

In this study, we propose a broadband frequency-reconfigurable metamaterial absorber using a novel switchable ground plane (SGP). A double resistive square-ring resonator is introduced for broadband absorption. The distance between the top resonator pattern and the ground plane determines the resonant frequency; the proposed SGP is thus capable of switching the absorption frequency band. The SGP can be either ground or reactive, by switching the PIN diodes on and off, respectively. The SGP is placed as the middle layer, between the top pattern and the bottom ground plane. In the low frequency band, the SGP becomes reactive and the bottom ground plane works as the ground plane of the absorber. In the high frequency band, the SGP works as the ground plane and the bottom ground plane does not affect the absorber. The proposed idea is demonstrated via full-wave simulations and measurements. The absorption of the fabricated sample with 27 × 27 unit cells is measured under normal incidence. When the PIN diodes of the SGP are turned on, an absorption higher than 90% is achieved between 3.5–11 GHz. When the PIN diodes of the SGP are turned off, an absorption higher than 90% is achieved between 1.7–5.2 GHz.
Retracted Article: Ni2[LnCl6] (Ln = EuII, CeII, GdII): the first LnII compounds stabilized in a pure inorganic lattice
Authors: Baldo Bianca , Rubio Francisco , Flores Erwin , Vega Andres , Audebrand Nathalie , Venegas-Yazigi Diego , Paredes-García Verónica
Published: June 2018

Here we report the first examples of 3d–4f compounds based on LnII cations.
Exploring the hidden potential of a benzothiazole-based Schiff-base exhibiting AIE and ESIPT and its activity in pH sensing, intracellular imaging and ultrasensitive & selective detection of aluminium (Al3+)
Authors: Kachwal Vishal , Vamsi Krishna I. S. , Fageria Leena , Chaudhary Jagrity , Kinkar Roy Ram , Chowdhury Rajdeep , Laskar Inamur Rahaman
Published: June 2018

The hidden potential of an AIE-ESIPT active, simple substituted benzothiazole compound has been explored.
Rapid “turn-on” photoluminescence detection of bisulfite in wines and living cells with a formyl bearing bis-cyclometalated Ir(iii) complex
Authors: Gao Hongfang , Qi Hetong , Peng Yijin , Qi Honglan , Zhang Chengxiao
Published: June 2018

A new photoluminescence (PL) probe based on a formyl bearing bis-cyclometalated Ir(iii) complex, [Ir(ppy)2phen-CHO]+PF6− (1), is synthesized and applied to the selective detection of a bisulfite anion (HSO3−).
Authentication and adulteration detection of peanut oils of three flavor types using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Huyan Zongyao , Ding Shaoxuan , Liu Xiaoli , Yu Xiuzhu
Published: June 2018

The fluorescence spectral region at 400–500 nm ascribed to polar compounds can be used to detect the adulteration of peanut oil of three flavors.
Chirality sensing of choline derivatives by a triple anion helicate cage through induced circular dichroism
Authors: Zuo Wei , Huang Zhe , Zhao Yanxia , Xu Wenhua , Liu Zhihua , Yang Xiao-Juan , Jia Chuandong , Wu Biao
Published: June 2018

A racemic A2L3 triple anion helicate cage is able to sense chiral choline derivatives by induced circular dichroism.
Diverse cobalt(ii) coordination polymers for water/ethanol separation and luminescence for water sensing applications
Authors: Li Guo-Bi , Yang Qing-Yuan , Pan Rong-Kai , Liu Sheng-Gui
Published: June 2018

N,N′-Bis(3-pyridylmethyl)pyromellitic diimide has four conformations, which lead to four types of cobalt(ii) coordination polymers. Such coordination networks can be used for luminescent water sensing and water/ethanol separation.
Photocarrier dynamics in perovskite-based solar cells revealed by intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Xiaoqing , Shirai Yasuhiro , Yanagida Masatoshi , Miyano Kenjiro
Published: June 2018

Thermally activated recombination between surface accumulated carriers and the bulk free carriers in perovskite solar cells.
Probing heterogeneity of NIR induced secondary fluorescence from DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters at the single molecule level
Authors: Krause Stefan , Carro-Temboury Miguel R. , Cerretani Cecilia , Vosch Tom
Published: June 2018

Heterogeneities of NIR induced secondary fluorescence from individual DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters probed by time-correlated single photon counting.
The limited extent of the electronic modulation of chlorins and bacteriochlorins through chromene-annulation
Authors: Yang Bowen , Hewage Nisansala , Guberman-Pfeffer Matthew J. , Wax Terianna , Gascón José A. , Zhao Jing , Agrios Alexander G. , Brückner Christian
Published: June 2018

Physical data quantify the electronic properties of meso-C6F5-modified chlorins and bacteriochlorins upon intramolecular chromene-annulation.
Solvothermal flow synthesis of zinc phosphate pigment
Authors: Broge N. L. N. , Philippot G. , Iversen B. B. , Aymonier C.
Published: June 2018

Demonstration of a novel method for synthesis of hopeite with high yield and accurate parameter control.
Kinetic analysis for cyclic CO2 capture using lithium orthosilicate sorbents derived from different silicon precursors
Authors: Zhao Ming , Fan Hanlu , Yan Feng , Song Yinqiang , He Xu , Memon Muhammad Zaki , Bhatia Suresh K. , Ji Guozhao
Published: June 2018

The illustration of the CO2 sorption process in Li4SiO4.
A highly active, CO2-tolerant electrode for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Chen Yu , Yoo Seonyoung , Choi YongMan , Kim Jun Hyuk , Ding Yong , Pei Kai , Murphy Ryan , Zhang Yanxiang , Zhao Bote , Zhang Weilin , Chen Huijun , Chen Yan , Yuan Wei , Yang Chenghao , Liu Meilin
Published: June 2018

PrBa0.8Ca0.2Co2O5+δ material has shown remarkable ORR activity and excellent CO2 tolerance, as confirmed by experimental and computational tools.
Theoretical studies of atmospheric molecular complexes interacting with NIR to UV light
Authors: Biczysko Malgorzata , Krupa Justyna , Wierzejewska Maria
Published: June 2018

Theoretical structural and spectroscopic data for weakly bonded atmospheric complexes of formaldehyde interacting with Earth’s electromagnetic spectrum.
Au nanoparticle-doped Co3O4–CoFe2O4@SiO2 as a catalyst for visible-light-driven water oxidation
Authors: Ma Wenlan , Li Hui , Xu Qian , Zhang Yi , Wang Wei , Wang Jide
Published: June 2018

Composites of low dielectric constant SiO2, Au and metal oxide was obtained, it showed higher O2 evolution performance due to enhancing the electron transfer rate.
Optical-reconfigurable carbon nanotube and indium-tin-oxide complementary thin-film transistor logic gates
Authors: Zou Jianping , Zhang Kang , Cai Weifan , Chen Tupei , Nathan Arokia , Zhang Qing
Published: June 2018

Optical reconfigurable logic operations using hybrid integrated CNT/ITO-TFT logic gates provide the potential to construct optoelectronic integrated circuits with diversified functions.
Translocation of silver nanoparticles in theex vivohuman placenta perfusion model characterized by single particle ICP-MS
Authors: Vidmar Janja , Loeschner Katrin , Correia Manuel , Larsen Erik H. , Manser Pius , Wichser Adrian , Boodhia Kailen , Al-Ahmady Zahraa S. , Ruiz Jaimé , Astruc Didier , Buerki-Thurnherr Tina
Published: June 2018

Low translocation but considerable accumulation of Ag in placental tissue was found in perfusion studies with AgPEG and AgCOONa NPs.
Tuning photovoltaic response in Bi2FeCrO6 films by ferroelectric poling
Authors: Quattropani Alessandro , Makhort Anatolii S. , Rastei Mircea V. , Versini Gilles , Schmerber Guy , Barre Sophie , Dinia Aziz , Slaoui Abdelilah , Rehspringer Jean-Luc , Fix Thomas , Colis Silviu , Kundys Bohdan
Published: June 2018

The hysteretic nature of the photovoltaic response and its nonlinear character can be used to optimize the photovoltaic performance of future ferroelectric-based solar cells.
Correction: Towards wireless highly sensitive capacitive strain sensors based on gold colloidal nanoparticles
Authors: Nesser H. , Grisolia J. , Alnasser T. , Viallet B. , Ressier L.
Published: June 2018

Correction for ‘Towards wireless highly sensitive capacitive strain sensors based on gold colloidal nanoparticles’ by H. Nesser et al., Nanoscale, 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09685b.
Cyano-substituted benzochalcogenadiazole-based polymer semiconductors for balanced ambipolar organic thin-film transistors
Authors: Shi Shengbin , Wang Hang , Chen Peng , Uddin Mohammad Afsar , Wang Yuxi , Tang Yumin , Guo Han , Cheng Xing , Zhang Shiming , Woo Han Young , Guo Xugang
Published: June 2018

Two new cyano-substituted benzochalcogenadiazoles were copolymerized with bithiophene, and the polymers show well balanced ambipolarity in transistors.
Light induced polyethylene ligation
Authors: Offenloch Janin T. , Norsic Sébastien , Mutlu Hatice , Taam Manel , Boyron Olivier , Boisson Christophe , D'Agosto Franck , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: June 2018

We introduce a photoreactive polyethylene (PE) derivative, which upon light irradiation (λmax = 365 nm) can effectively react to form well-defined block copolymers with polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate).
Controlled self-assembly of stomatosomes by use of single-component fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles
Authors: Berlepsch H. v. , Thota B. N. S. , Wyszogrodzka M. , de Carlo S. , Haag R. , Böttcher C.
Published: June 2018

A series of novel non-ionic amphiphiles with dendritic oligoglycerol head groups and lipophilic/fluorophilic tail segments, comprising single or double tail alkyl chains, C8F17-perfluoro rod segments as well as flexible spacer groups were designed and their supramolecular behavior characterised by cryo-transmission electron microscopy and tomography.
Two-wavelength wrinkling patterns in helicoidal plywood surfaces: imprinting energy landscapes onto geometric landscapes
Authors: Rofouie P. , Wang Z. , Rey A. D.
Published: June 2018

We present a model to investigate the formation of two-length scale surface patterns in biological and synthetic anisotropic soft matter materials through the high order interaction of anisotropic interfacial tension and capillarity at their free surfaces.
CRISPR base editors: genome editing without double-stranded breaks
Authors: Eid Ayman , Alshareef Sahar , Mahfouz Magdy M.
Published: June 2018

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 adaptive immunity system has been harnessed for genome editing applications across eukaryotic species, but major drawbacks, such as the inefficiency of precise base editing and off-target activities, remain. A catalytically inactive Cas9 variant (dead Cas9, dCas9) has been fused to diverse functional domains for targeting genetic and epigenetic modifications, including base editing, to specific DNA sequences. As base editing does not require the generation of double-strand breaks, dCas9 and Cas9 nickase have been used to target deaminase domains to edit specific loci. Adenine and cytidine deaminases convert their respective nucleotides into other DNA bases, thereby offering many possibilities for DNA editing. Such base-editing enzymes hold great promise for applications in basic biology, trait development in crops, and treatment of genetic diseases. Here, we discuss recent advances in precise gene editing using different platforms as well as their potential applications in basic biology and biotechnology.
Meteor showers of comet C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)
Authors: Neslušan L. , Hajduková M.
Published: June 2018

Aims. We intend to map the meteor complex of the long-period comet C/1964 N1 (Ikeya), which is a proposed parent body of the July ξ-Arietids, the meteor shower 533 in the IAU MDC list.

Methods. For five perihelion passages of the parent comet in the past, we modeled the associated theoretical stream, its parts, consisting of 10 000 test particles each, and followed the dynamical evolution of these parts up to the present. We performed several simulations of the evolution, with various strengths of the Poynting–Robertson effect. At the end of each simulation, we analyzed the mean orbital characteristics of the particles that approached Earth orbit and thus created one or several showers. The showers were compared with their observed counterparts as separated from photographic and several video databases when the separation was successful.

Results. The modeled stream of C/1964 N1 typically approaches Earth orbit in four filaments that correspond to four showers. Their radiant areas are close to the apex of Earth’s motion around the Sun. We confirm the generic relationship between the studied parent comet and the July ξ-Arietids. The comet also seems to be the parent of the ϵ-Geminids, shower 23, and we suspect a relationship between the comet and the ξ-Geminids, shower 718, although the relationship is rather uncertain. The real counterparts of three of the predicted showers were selected in the CAMS and SonotaCo databases. However, these real showers are diffuse, with relatively few members, and determination of their characteristics is therefore uncertain; the showers were separated into more than one single “modification”. Confirmation of their existence will have to await considerably more numerous data.
Chemical inhomogeneities amongst first population stars in globular clusters
Authors: Lardo C. , Salaris M. , Bastian N. , Mucciarelli A. , Dalessandro E. , Cabrera-Ziri I.
Published: June 2018

Spreads in light element abundances among stars (also known as multiple populations) are observed in nearly all globular clusters. One way to map such chemical variations using high-precision photometry is to employ a suitable combination of stellar magnitudes in the F275W, F336W, F438W, and F814W filters (called the “chromosome map”), to maximise the separation between the different multiple populations. For each individual cluster its chromosome map separates the first population (with metal abundance patterns typical of field halo stars) from the second population (which displays distinctive abundance variations among a specific group of light elements). Surprisingly, the distribution of first population stars in chromosome maps of several but not all clusters has been found to be more extended than expected from purely observational errors, suggesting a chemically inhomogeneous origin. We consider here three clusters with similar metallicity ([Fe/H] ~ −1.3) and different chromosome maps, namely NGC 288, M 3, and NGC 2808, and argue that the first population extended distribution (as observed in two of these clusters) is due to spreads of the initial helium abundance and possibly a small range of nitrogen abundances as well. The presence of a range of initial He and N abundances amongst stars traditionally thought to have homogeneous composition, and that these spreads appear only in some clusters, challenges the scenarios put forward so far to explain the multiple population phenomenon.
Detection of a 23.6 min periodic modulation in the optical counterpart of 3XMMJ051034.6–670353
Authors: Ramsay G. , Marsh T. R. , Kupfer T. , Dhillon V. S. , Steeghs D. , Woudt P. , Groot P.
Published: June 2018

We present high speed optical photometric observations made using the NTT and ULTRACAM of the optical counterpart of 3XMMJ051034.6–670353, which was recently identified as an X-ray source showing a modulation on a period of 23.6 min. Although the optical counterpart is faint (g = 21.4), we find that the u′g′r′ light curves show a periodic modulation on a period which is consistent with the X-ray period. We also obtained three low resolution spectra of 3XMMJ051034.6–670353 using the Gemini South Telescope and GMOS. There is no evidence for strong emission lines in the optical spectrum of 3XMMJ051034.6–670353. We compare and contrast the optical and X-ray observations of 3XMMJ051034.6–670353 with the ultra compact binaries HM Cnc and V407 Vul. We find we can identify a distribution of binary masses in which stable direct impact accretion can occur.
Gonarthrose
Authors: Vigl Sebastian , Dunkenberger Thomas , Meurer Stephanie , Kämmerer Kay Uwe
Published: June 2018

Vier Experten stellen Ihnen Behandlungskonzeptebei Gonarthrose mit phytotherapeutischen Strategien, aus der tibetischen Medizin, aus der Spagyrik und mit Komplexmitteln vor.
Die Lücke im Beipackzettel
Authors: Diefenbach Martin
Published: June 2018

Damit man bei einem homöopathischen Mittel eine Indikation angegeben darf, muss es eine Monographie für den Wirkstoff von der Kommission D (zuständig für Homöopathie) geben. Sind in einem Mittel mehrere Wirkstoffe kombiniert, muss jedes Einzelmittel dasselbe Anwendungsgebiet laut der Monographie aufweisen. Andernfalls kann ein Einzel- oder kombiniertes Mittel ohne Indikationsangabe registriert werden.
Ich sehe … was?
Authors: Sengebusch Jürgen , Herzog Michael
Published: June 2018

Unsere Hände sind der Spiegel vieler Erkrankungen, deren Ursachen an verschiedenen Stellen im Körper liegen können.
Die Partitur der Homöopathie
Authors: Casagrande C
Published: June 2018

Komplexmittel können Patienten rasch zur ersehnten Linderung von Beschwerden verhelfen. Das motiviert viele der Patienten, den Weg der Ursachenheilung weiterzugehen.
Bewährtes bewahren
Authors: Diefenbach Martin
Published: June 2018

Die Gründer der Dreluso Pharmazeutika entwickelten auf der Basis tradierter Rezepturen neue Mittel, die sowohl phytotherapeutisch als auch homöopathisch organotrop wirken.
Pflanzliche Kombination für Magen und Darm
Authors: Wegener Tankred
Published: June 2018

Die pflanzlichen Kombinationsarzneimittel von Dr. Gustav Klein beruhen auf der Idee, die unterschiedlichen Symptome einer Erkrankung mit nur jeweils einem pflanzlichen Arzneimittel zu behandeln.
Effektive Immuntherapie mit kolloidalen Nosoden
Authors: Ploss Oliver
Published: June 2018

Spenglersane sind Arzneimittel der Spenglersan GmbH, die durch ihre immunologische Wirkung sowohl zur Therapie als auch zur Diagnose geeignet sind.
Mut zur Komplexität – Ein Plädoyer
Authors: Kämper Siegfried , Bierbach Elvira , Corts Magga , Kämper Harald , Stern Cornelia
Published: June 2018

Die Herausgeber der DHZ plädieren für die Verordnung von registrierten homöopathischen Komplexmitteln, gerade weil für sie keine Indikation angegeben ist.Das Fehlen von Indikationen motiviert dazu, die Mittel auf Basis diagnostischer Kenntnisse und homöopathischen Fachwissens individuell zu verordnen. Von registrierten Komplexmitteln ist aufgrund der meist umfassenderen Zusammensetzung eine breitere Wirkung mit vielschichtigerenSynergien zu erwarten.
Interpretation und Takt
Authors: Golder Werner
Published: June 2018

Die kreative Leistung des Nuklearmediziners wird am schriftlichen Befundbericht, die Qualität der Mitteilung aber nicht ausschließlich an der Treffsicherheit der medizinischen Aussage gemessen. Ein und derselbe Befund kann auf verschiedene Weise formuliert werden. Zahlreiche habituelle und akzidentelle Faktoren nehmen Einfluss darauf, was ausgesprochen und was nicht ausgesprochen wird bzw. was wie gewertet wird und was unbewertet bleibt. Der Leser hat ein feines Gespür für derartige Varianten. Selbst Nuancen der Formulierung können die Wertschätzung für den Bericht und die Reaktion des Empfängers auf das Ergebnis der Untersuchung beeinflussen. Je weniger sicher eine Diagnose ist und je weniger vorhersehbar ihre möglichen Konsequenzen sind, desto mehr Abstufungen und Umschreibungen sind im Bericht zu erwarten. Die Entscheidung über Art und Umfang des schriftlichen Befundberichts fällt nicht erst im Moment des Diktats, sondern wird durch Kenntnisse der Vorgeschichte und Symptomatik, den persönlichen Kontakt mit dem Patienten sowie durch eine Reihe von Umständen bei der Betrachtung der Bilder gebahnt. Die Nuklearmediziner setzen Beobachtung und Fachwissen in intra- und interindividuell unterschiedlicher Art und Weise in ihre diagnostische Botschaft um. Die Intuition beim Informationstransfer in der nuklearmedizinischen Diagnostik erklärt nicht nur die Unterschiede in Umfang und Tiefe von Diagnose und Differenzialdiagnose, sondern auch die Variationsbreite diagnostischer und therapeutischer Empfehlungen.
Sequence therapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Waidmann Oliver , Pelzer Uwe , Boeck Stefan , Waldschmidt Dirk-Thomas
Published: June 2018

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancer diseases. For years, gemcitabine has been the standard of care and the only therapeutic option in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Within the last years, new combination therapies have been established for first-line treatment, which significantly improve overall survival in comparison to gemcitabine monotherapy. Furthermore, new second-line therapies have been identified, which significantly improve overall survival. The current manuscript summarizes briefly standard of care first- and second-line chemotherapies and discusses possible treatment sequences.