bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Velocidade de marcha e reinternação hospitalar após cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio
Authors: Santos Andrea Oliveira dos , Soares Thais Jesus dos Santos , Guimarães André Raimundo , Cordeiro André Luiz Lisboa
Published: December 2022

Introdução: A velocidade de marcha pode ser aplicada, prevendo resultados associados à estadia hospitalar, tais como duração da estadia e/ou alta. Apesar de estudos que correlacionam a velocidade de marcha com os resultados acima mencionados, quando lidamos com a cirurgia cardíaca existe uma lacuna. Objetivo: Verificar se a velocidade da marcha está associada ao risco de readmissão hospitalar no período pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio. Métodos: Este é um estudo de coorte prospectivo. No período pré-operatório, todos os pacientes foram submetidos a um teste de velocidade de marcha de 10 metros e repetido na alta hospitalar. Após a repetição do teste de velocidade de marcha, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: lentos e não lentos. Os que não tiveram alta andaram menos de 1,0 m/s ocuparam o grupo lento e os que estavam acima de 1,0 m/s foram classificados como não lentos. Os pacientes foram acompanhados durante seis meses para observar o resultado primário, que era a necessidade de readmissão hospitalar. Resultados: A taxa de readmissão de 6 meses foi de 58% (14/24; 95% IC 49% a 80%) entre os lentos e 17% (6/36; 95% IC 13% a 46%) entre os não lentos (p = 0,002). Na análise univariada, a velocidade de marcha, tratada como variável contínua, foi associada ao resultado primário (HR 0,6; 95% IC 0,2 a 0,9), enquanto que idade, sexo, IMC, VM e tempo de CEC não foram. No modelo multivariado incluindo idade, sexo, IMC, VM e tempo de CEC, a velocidade de marcha permaneceu a única variável associada à readmissão (multivariado HR:0,5, 95% IC 0,1 a 0,7 p = 0,02). Conclusão: Os nossos dados sugerem que a velocidade de marcha está associada à readmissão hospitalar em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio.
Ginástica artística na juventude e retenção da densidade mineral óssea na vida adulta – estratégia para a prevenção da osteoporose? Uma revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Farinatti Patrícia Arruda de Albuquerque , Silva Nádia Souza Lima da , Farinatti Paulo
Published: December 2022

A osteoporose acomete grande parte da população idosa, contribuindo com limitações funcionais. A atividade física pode retardar a osteoporose, especialmente quando envolve grandes demandas de força e impacto, mas a osteopenia avançada é dificilmente revertida. A principal contribuição do exercício parece situar-se na juventude, pela maximização dos picos de densidade mineral óssea (DMO). Estudos sobre a retenção da DMO na vida adulta em resposta a diferentes atividades físicas são necessários. A ginástica artística (GA) encaixa-se no perfil de atividades com alto potencial osteogênico, com movimentos que combinam força e impacto (saltos, etc). Crianças e adolescentes que a praticam tendem a exibir picos de DMO elevados. A presente revisão narrativa analisou a literatura acerca da retenção da DMO decorrente da prática de GA em indivíduos de meia idade e idosos. As evidências disponíveis permitem pensar que: a) desde idades precoces, crianças e adolescentes que praticam GA competitiva exibem níveis maiores de DMO vs. indivíduos de idade equivalente fisicamente inativos ou que praticam outras modalidades desportivas; b) os poucos estudos comparativos que investigaram o potencial de retenção da DMO devido à prática de GA na juventude indicam que, pelo menos até a meia idade, ex-ginastas de ambos sexos tendem a exibir maior massa óssea que a população em geral. Apesar desses resultados promissores, há carência de pesquisas acerca da retenção da DMO em idosos que praticaram GA competitiva na juventude. Isso seria importante, uma vez sendo nessa faixa que se observa osteopenia avançada e, efetivamente, maior prevalência de osteoporose.
Efeitos do confinamento sobre o condicionamento físico e saúde de militares submarinistas: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Miranda Maria Elisa Koppke , Bunn Priscila dos Santos , Rodrigues Allan Inoue , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo Gomes de Souza
Published: December 2022

Introdução: Os submarinistas tendem a ser expostos a um ambiente metabolicamente desfavorável e fatores ocupacionais de confinamento que podem afetar sua saúde, como o estilo de vida sedentário e altos níveis de estresse. Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos do confinamento sobre o condicionamento físico e saúde de militares submarinistas. Métodos: Uma pesquisa bibliográfica (janeiro de 2022) foi realizada usando Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus e Embase. O protocolo foi registrado no Registro Internacional Prospectivo de Revisões Sistemáticas (CRD42021225362). Foram incluídos estudos que tinham como amostra submarinistas em missão, cujo desfecho era indicadores de saúde ou de desempenho físico. Resultados: De um total de 2.334 artigos, 5 estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Foram analisadas: a aptidão cardiorrespiratória, a composição corporal; a frequência alimentar; a frequência de atividade física; o perfil lipídico, os marcadores de função óssea e testes neuro motores específicos; tanto na comparação de militares embarcados com não embarcados; quanto para somente embarcados, ou militares que trabalhavam em submarinos de pequeno ou grande porte comparados com militares que trabalhavam em porta-aviões. Militares submarinistas apresentam alteração negativa na análise da composição corporal, desempenho aeróbio, análise bioquímica de lipídeos, marcadores de função óssea e reguladores endócrinos. Conclusão: O tempo prolongado a bordo de um submarino pode comprometer a saúde dos militares.
Ultrassonografia diafragmática como preditora de desmame ventilatório: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Cordeiro André Luiz Lisboa , Soares Lucas Oliveira , Oliveira Késsia Morgana Vital , Jesus Amanda Maria Garcez de Oliveira de
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Revisar as evidências sobre a ultrassonografia diafragmática como preditor de sucesso no desmame ventilatório, usando a metodologia PICO e palavras-chave: Ultrassom, Diagnóstico por imagem, Diafragma, Desmame, Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, Respiração Artificial, Ventilação Mecânica, Desmame do Ventilador. Métodos: Estudos de coorte publicados foram usados ​​sem restrições de idioma e ano que abordaram o uso de ultrassom para prever o sucesso no desmame e extubação ventilatória. Foram excluídos estudos com pacientes menores de 18 anos, relatos de casos, revisões de literatura, resultados que não trouxessem valor de corte para espessura e excursão diafragmática e definição de falha no processo de desmame e extubação. Resultados: Foram encontrados 459 estudos; após exclusão por duplicação e leitura de títulos e resumo, apenas 11 foram selecionados pelos critérios de inclusão. As amostras variaram de 34 a 193 indivíduos. Conclusão: Podemos evidenciar que o uso da USG para avaliar a espessura e excursão do diafragma em pacientes submetidos a suporte ventilatório invasivo é eficaz em predizer o sucesso no processo de desmame e extubação. A ultrassonografia diafragmática tem grande aplicabilidade para avaliar a capacidade de predizer sucesso ou falha na remoção do suporte ventilatório invasivo.
III Congresso Baiano de Cardiologia do Exercício
Authors: Petto Jefferson , Oliveira Alice Miranda de , Souza Pedro Elias Santos , Sacramento Marvyn de Santana do
Published: December 2022

Suplemento
Measurable residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: methods and clinical context in adult patients
Authors: Saygin Caner , Cannova Joseph , Stock Wendy , Muffly Lori
Published: December 2022

Measurable residual disease (MRD) is the most powerful independent predictor of risk of relapse and long-term survival in adults and children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). For almost all patients with ALL there is a reliable method to evaluate MRD, which can be done using multi-color flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect specific fusion transcripts or immunoglobulin/T-cell receptor gene rearrangements, and high-throughput next-generation sequencing. While next-generation sequencing-based MRD detection has been increasingly utilized in clinical practice due to its high sensitivity, the clinical significance of very low MRD levels (<10-4) is not fully characterized. Several new immunotherapy approaches including blinatumomab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies have demonstrated efficacy in eradicating MRD in patients with B-ALL. However, new approaches to target MRD in patients with T-ALL remain an unmet need. As our MRD detection assays become more sensitive and expanding novel therapeutics enter clinical development, the future of ALL therapy will increasingly utilize MRD as a criterion to either intensify or modify therapy to prevent relapse or de-escalate therapy to reduce treatment-related morbidity and mortality.
DUSP22 rearrangement is associated with a distinctive immunophenotype but not outcome in patients with systemic ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Qiu Lianqun , Tang Guilin , Li Shaoying , Vega Francisco , Lin Pei , Wang Sa A. , Wang Wei , Iyer Swaminathan P. , Malpica Luis , Miranda Roberto N. , Konoplev Sergej , Tang Zhenya , Fang Hong , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Xu Jie
Published: December 2022

DUSP22 rearrangement (R) has been associated with a favorable outcome in systemic ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). However, a recent study found that patients with DUSP22-R ALK-negative ALCL have a poorer prognosis than was reported initially. In this study, we compared the clinicopathological features and outcomes of patients with ALKnegative ALCL with DUSP22-R (n=22) versus those without DUSP22-R (DUSP22-NR; n=59). Patients with DUSP22-R ALCL were younger than those with DUSP22-NR neoplasms (P=0.049). DUSP22-R ALK-negative ALCL cases were more often positive for CD15, CD8, and less frequently expressed pSTAT3Tyr705, PD-L1, granzyme B and EMA (all P<0.05). TP63 rearrangement (TP63-R) was detected in three of the 66 (5%) ALK-negative ALCL cases tested and none of these cases carried the DUSP22-R. Overall survival of patients with DUSP22-R ALCL was similar to that of the patients with DUSP22-NR neoplasms regardless of International Prognostic Index score, stage, age, or stem cell transplantation status (all P>0.05), but was significantly shorter than that of the patients with ALK-positive ALCL (median overall survival 53 months vs. undefined, P=0.005). Five-year overall survival rates were 40% for patients with DUSP22-R ALCL versus 82% for patients with ALK-positive ALCL. We conclude that DUSP22-R neoplasms represent a distinctive subset of ALK-negative ALCL. However, in this cohort DUSP22-R was not associated with a better clinical outcome. Therefore, we suggest that current treatment guidelines for this subset of ALK-negative ALCL patients should not be modified at present.
The present and future of measurable residual disease testing in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Blachly James S. , Walter Roland B. , Hourigan Christopher S.
Published: December 2022

Considerable progress has been made in the past several years in the scientific understanding of, and available treatments for, acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Achievement of a conventional remission, evaluated cytomorphologically via small bone marrow samples, is a necessary but not sufficient step toward cure. It is increasingly appreciated that molecular or immunophenotypic methods to identify and quantify measurable residual disease (MRD) – populations of leukemia cells below the cytomorphological detection limit – provide refined information on the quality of response to treatment and prediction of the risk of AML recurrence and leukemia-related deaths. The principles and practices surrounding MRD remain incompletely determined however and the genetic and immunophenotypic heterogeneity of AML may prevent a one-sizefits- all approach. Here, we review the current approaches to MRD testing in AML, discuss strengths and limitations, highlight recent technological advances that may improve such testing, and summarize ongoing initiatives to generate the clinical evidence needed to advance the use of MRD testing in patients with AML.
03. An information sign changes the way the public perceives exotic pond sliders Trachemys scripta in the Altrhein of Kehl (Germany)
Authors: SCHRADIN CARSTEN
Published: December 2022

Invasive pond sliders Trachemys scripta have been released in thousands of fresh waters within Europe and reproduce in the southern states and even in warm areas of Germany. All member states of the European Union must have an action plan on how to fight this invasive species. The German action plan focusses on informing the public, but to date no study investigated the impact of such actions. Instead, NGOs setting up information signs, report that this has not stopped the release of exotic pond turtles but have provided no quantitative data to back this up. In 2019, we put up an information sign at the Althrein of Kehl, an oxbow lake where for the first time it had been shown that T. scripta is breeding in Germany. I interviewed people walking along the oxbow lake before the sign was put up in 2019, and again in 2022. Counts of exotic pond turtles still increased, but this was mainly due to an increased number of small pond turtles, while the number of very large turtles did not increase. This suggests that the increase in peak counts might be rather due to local reproduction than additional release. After the information sign was set up, more people responded that the presence of exotic pond turtles is problematic for nature conservation and animal welfare, that it is illegal to release them, and that they should be removed. This response was especially strong in people who had read the information sign. Independent of the information sign, most interviewed people stated that one should not release pond turtles into the wild, but bring them to animal shelters. While the data here only represent one single case study, it is the first study showing that putting up information signs can be effective in changing the attitudes of people. This indicates that investment in informing the public is worthwhile, but also that at the same time evaluations of the impact of the measures are important. National action plans should focus on a combination of informing the public and removing the exotic pond turtles, but also on providing keepers of these animals the option to leave the animals at an animal shelter instead of releasing them into the wild.
Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının görsel okuryazarlıkları ile eleştirel okuma özyeterlik algıları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
Authors: OZDEMİR BECEREN Burcu , ARI ARAT Ceren , ADAK ÖZDEMİR Atiye
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının eleştirel okuma özyeterlik algıları ile görsel okuryazarlıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın evreni olarak Türkiye’de okul öncesi öğretmenliği lisans programlarında okuyan öğrenciler seçilmiştir. İlişkisel tarama modeli ile desenlenmiş bu araştırmanın örneklemi, evrenden basit rastgele örnekleme ile 384 kişi olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının %90,1’i (n=346) kadın, %9.9’u (n=38) erkek; %34,1’i (n=131) birinci sınıf, %32,0’si (n=123) ikinci sınıf, %22,4’ü (n=86) üçüncü sınıf, %11,5’i (n=44) dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla Eleştirel Okuma Özyeterlilik Algısı Ölçeği, Görsel Okuryazarlık Ölçeği ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Demografik Bilgi Formundan yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada güvenilirlik analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının görsel okuryazarlıkları ve eleştirel okuma özyeterlik algılarının günlük ortalama kitap okuma sürelerine ve sahip oldukları kitap sayılarına göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada yapılan korelasyon analizinde okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının eleştirel okuma özyeterlik algıları ile görsel okuryazarlıkları arasında pozitif yönde ve anlamlı düzeyde ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının görsel okuryazarlık puanları arttıkça eleştirel okuma özyeterlik algılarına ait puanlar da artmaktadır. Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının öğrencilik süreçlerinde kitap okumaya yönelik teşvik edilmesi ve bu kapsamda okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarına yönelik çalışmalar yapılması ilerideki araştırmaları için önerilmektedir.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PAIN LEVEL AND THE QUALITY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Millicent Elaine , Nugroho Nunung ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Anggriani Tabita Novita ,   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Widya Mandala Surabaya,Catholic University Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common disease of arthritis that often occurs in the hands, hips, and knees. OA results in degeneration of the joints and causes pain. OA accounts for 7% or approximately 500 million people worldwide in the global population. The prevalence of OA in Indonesia is relatively high, namely 15.5% in men and 12.7% in women. Complaints that are very often complained of by OA patients are pain when doing various daily activities. Pain felt by OA sufferers can affect the quality of physical activity in OA patients. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between pain level and the quality of physical activity in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint at PHC Surabaya Hospital. Methods: This study used an observational analytic study carried out with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling, purposive sampling with respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The population used in osteoarthritis sufferers at PHC Surabaya Hospital with 76 respondents. The measuring instrument used to measure pain is the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and the questionnaire used to assess the quality of physical activity is the WOMAC questionnaire. Results: The results of this study obtained a p-value 0.000 (p<0.005) and r = 0.922, which indicates that there is a significant relationship between the level of pain and the quality of physical activity in patients with osteoarthritis. Conclusion: there is a relationship between the level of pain and the quality of physical activity in patients with osteoarthritis.
THE DIFFERENCES IN RAT CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AFTER GIVING RED GUAVA JUICE
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Hayati Ni MDS , Dewi Dewa AL ,   Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Catholic University Indonesia, Sari Chrisdina Puspita ,   Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Cholesterol is a fat found in our body, it can be dangerous if cholesterol level is increasing. The way to lower cholesterol levels, such as by consuming high-fiber foods for example red guava. Purpose: To determine the difference in total cholesterol levels in rats after giving red guava juice. Method: The research was conducted using 30 Rattus Norvegicus. Rats were divided into three groups, each group consisted of 10 rats. Control group was given 594 chicken feed, first treatment group was given lard and second treatment group was given lard with red guava juice. Before being given treatment, five rats from each group were examined for their total cholesterol and the remaining five rats were given treatment for 14 days before total cholesterol were checked. Examination of total cholesterol by enzymatic colorimetry CHOD-PAP using blood from orbital vein of rats without fasting. Result: There were significant differences in total cholesterol of rats before and after treatment (P<0.05) in each treatment group. In comparison of three groups that had given treatment, significant difference was found (P=0.005). Significant differences were also found in comparison of two groups, between first treatment group and second treatment group (P = 0.004), insignificant results were found in comparison of control group with first treatment group (P = 0.060), and comparison of control group with second treatment group. (P=0.299). Conclusion: There are differences in total cholesterol of rats, total cholesterol of rats in high-fat diet group with guava juice were lower than the high-fat diet group.
Cultural Diversity within Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Scheible Daniel H.
Published: December 2022

In international business, it is widely accepted that the cultural diversity of organizational member’s impacts operations. That is why interculturalists have developed approaches to managing this dimension of diversity within and across businesses for decades. When looking at operations in today’s international companies, an increasing transformation towards conditions that are often described as Industry 4.0 can be observed. People interact with machines and software in so-called Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). But the academic discourse regarding this transition mainly focuses on technical issues. The human factors have received limited attention and the role of culture within CPS has been widely neglected so far.
To fill this gap, the paper at hand reviews journal articles and conference proceedings from the disciplines of operations management and business informatics. The findings concerning the role of people in CPS have been aligned with concepts of intercultural management and managing diversity.
It has been found that the application of traditional concepts of describing cultural dimensions and their impact on interaction and cooperation are of limited usefulness when it comes to the integration of machines, software, and people with diverse backgrounds. Contemporary approaches to managing diversity appear more promising. Focusing on individual members instead of particular groups of members can improve the effectiveness and acceptance of CPS.
Productivity of fireweed angustifolia with two-cutting use
Authors: STARKOVSKIY Boris , Simonov Gennadiy
Published: December 2022

The authors studied the ability of narrow-leaved fireweed (ivan-tea) plants to form a second slope in the conditions of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation. It has been established that the intensive use of willow-tea herbage leads to the appearance of other types of herbs in it, mainly cereals, which blacken and compact the soil. As a result of this process, the shoot-producing capacity of the roots of the narrow-leaved fireweed and, as a result, the yield of the plantation decreases.
Techniques of cultivation of Silphium perfoliatum L. for green mass and seeds in the conditions of Belarus
Authors: ShELYuTO Bronislava , KOSTICKAYa Ekaterina
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the influence of sowing and planting methods, as well as nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity of green and dry mass and seed productivity of silphium perfoliatum. It has been established that planting silphium with two-month-old seedlings according to the schemes 70  30 and 70  50 has an advantage over seed sowing. Green mass yield on average for 2016–2019 in these options was 87.6–90.7 t/ha, which is higher than seed sowing by 19.5–23.7%, while seed productivity was 0.34–0.39 t/ha, which is higher than seed sowing by 3.0–18.2%. Nitrogen fertilizers had a positive effect on the productivity of silphium perfoliatum, and the application rate of nitrogen equivalent to N90 and N120 ensured a green mass yield of 94.3–106.1 t/ha, which is 51.6–70.6% higher compared to the control and higher compared to the nitrogen application rate equivalent to N60 by 21.4–40.4%. Seed productivity in these variants was 0.43–0.44 t/ha, which exceeds the control indicators by 26.5–29.4%, and the indicators for the variant with N60 application by 14.7–17.6%.
Effect of vegetable additives on the state of homeostasis of cows
Authors: ZhDANOVA Irina
Published: December 2022

The results of feeding vitamin-herbal flour from Rhaponticum carthamoides, Onobrychis arenaria and Trifolium pratense to dairy cows in order to increase resistance to diseases of various genesis are presented. For the period 2016–2021 according to the statistics of the GVI of the Perm Region, in livestock farms of all categories, in adult cattle, various pathologies of a non-infectious nature were recorded in 45% of cases. Modern agriculture of the Perm Territory is developing on an industrial basis. At the same time, at large livestock complexes, animals are overloaded, lack of walking, exclusion of insolation, uncontrolled and unreasonable feeding of mono-feed, etc. hinders the full creation of immunity and negatively affects the physiological state of animals. Therefore, at present, the use of phytocomplexes consisting of basic biologically active substances as feed and biologically active additives is of great interest in the animal husbandry industry of the Perm Region. This will make it possible to introduce into the schemes of prevention and treatment of veterinarians an environmentally friendly means to strengthen the immunity and safety of farm animals, which will improve the quality of the products obtained. The results of the research can be used in the sectors of feeding and fodder production in farms of any form of ownership.
Role of long-term pasture agroecosystems in the repro-duction of gross energy in the biosphere
Authors: Privalova Kira
Published: December 2022

Based on a new method of energy assessment of meadow agroecosystems, data on the accumulation of gross energy by pasture ecosystems over a 76-year period were obtained. Quantitative indicators are given for the total production of gross energy and its distribution in the aboveground and underground mass of pasture phytocenoses, taking into account changes in the energy intensity of soil fertility.
Ways to increase the efficiency of festulolium growing for seeds in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: MAKARO Vladimir , GAVRIKOV Sergey , BABICh Bronislav
Published: December 2022

The results of studies on the study of the effectiveness of technological methods for laying the seed herbage of festulolium are presented. Economically viable types of cover crops, the doses of nitrogen fertilizers applied under them and the seeding rates for festulolium seeds have been established. The optimal sowing dates and seeding rates of festulolium were revealed in case of uncovered creation of seed grass stand.
Läsförmåga viktig för resultat på TIMSS
Authors: Fägerstam Emilia
Published: December 2022

Den internationella studien Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) mäter bland annat elevers kunskap i naturvetenskap. En studie har undersökt sambandet mellan elevers resultat och hur frågorna är uppbyggda språkligt. Den visar att elever behöver vara goda läsare för att uppnå bra resultat i naturvetenskap på TIMSS.
Toward cognitive digital twins using a BIM-GIS asset management system for a diffused university
Authors: Meschini Silvia , Pellegrini Laura , Locatelli Mirko , Accardo Daniele , Tagliabue Lavinia Chiara , Di Giuda Giuseppe Martino , Avena Marco
Published: December 2022

The integrated use of building information modeling (BIM) and geographic information system (GIS) is promising for the development of asset management systems (AMSs) for operation and maintenance (O&M) in smart university campuses. The combination of BIM-GIS with cognitive digital twins (CDTs) can further facilitate the management of complex systems such as university building stock. CDTs enable buildings to behave as autonomous entities, dynamically reacting to environmental changes. Timely decisions based on the actual conditions of buildings and surroundings can be provided, both in emergency scenarios or when optimized and adaptive performances are required. The research aims to develop a BIM-GIS-based AMS for improving user experience and enabling the optimal use of resources in the O&M phase of an Italian university. Campuses are complex assets, mainly diffused with buildings spread across the territory, managed with still document-based and fragmented databases handled by several subjects. This results in incomplete and asymmetrical information, often leading to ineffective and untimely decisions. The paper presents a methodology for the development of a BIM-GIS web-based platform (i.e., AMS-app) providing the real-time visualization of the asset in an interactive 3D map connected to analytical dashboards for management support. Two buildings of the University of Turin are adopted as demonstrators, illustrating the development of an easily accessible, centralized database by integrating spatial and functional data, useful also to develop future CDTs. As a first attempt to show the AMS app potential, crowd simulations have been conducted to understand the buildings’ actual level of safety in case of fire emergency and demonstrate how CDTs could improve it. The identification of data needed, also gathered through the future implementation of suitable sensors and Internet of Things networks, is the core issue together with the definition of effective asset visualization and monitoring methods. Future developments will explore the integration of artificial intelligence and immersive technologies to enable space use optimization and real-time wayfinding during evacuation, exploiting digital tools to alert and drive users or authorities for safety improvement. The ability to easily optimize the paths with respect to the actual occupancy and conditions of both the asset and surroundings will be enabled.
The potential therapeutic value and application prospect of engineered exosomes in human diseases
Authors: Liu Gege , Wu Junlu , Chen Guofei , Shang Anquan
Published: December 2022

Exosomes are tiny vesicles produced by a wide range of cells that contain complex RNA and protein. In the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness, they offer great potential. In vitro engineering technique modifies exosomes to produce designed exosomes that include nucleic acids, proteins, and medicines, and are targeted to particular tissues or cells. Their applications range from tumor imaging and gene therapy to vaccine production and regenerative medicine to targeted medication delivery. Many disciplines have promising futures for using this technology. In this review, we’ll look at the potential therapeutic usefulness and use of engineered exosomes in a variety of human illnesses with various systemic manifestations.
Meibomian gland morphological changes in ocular herpes zoster patients based on AI analysis
Authors: Yu Xinxin , Jia Xu , Zhang Zuhui , Fu Yana , Zhai Jing , Chen Naimei , Cao Qixin , Zhu Zhentao , Dai Qi
Published: December 2022

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections result in a series of ophthalmic complications. Clinically, we also discover that the proportion of dry eye symptoms was significantly higher in patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) than in healthy individuals. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is one of the main reasons for dry eye. Therefore, we hypothesize that HZO may associate with MGD, affecting the morphology of meibomian gland (MG) because of immune response and inflammation. The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze the effect of HZO with craniofacial herpes zoster on dry eye and MG morphology based on an Artificial intelligence (AI) MG morphology analytic system. In this study, 26 patients were diagnosed as HZO based on a history of craniofacial herpes zoster accompanied by abnormal ocular signs. We found that the average height of all MGs of the upper eyelid and both eyelids were significantly lower in the research group than in the normal control group (p < 0.05 for all). The average width and tortuosity of all MGs for both upper and lower eyelids were not significantly different between the two groups. The MG density of the upper eyelid and both eyelids were significantly lower in the HZO group than in the normal control group (p = 0.020 and p = 0.022). Therefore, HZO may lead to dry eye, coupled with the morphological changes of MGs, mainly including a reduction in MG density and height. Moreover, it is important to control HZO early and timely, which could prevent potential long-term severe ocular surface injury.
Colchicine for prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ge Peibing , Fu Yu , Su Qi , Jin Mengdi , Guo Li , Miao Congliang , Zhu Shun , Zhuang Jinqiang , Zhang Zhi , Hong Jiang
Published: December 2022

Objective

This study intended to assess the efficacy of colchicine for prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF).

Background

Post-operative AF is a common complication of surgery operations. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of post-operative AF. Colchicine, a potent anti-inflammatory drug, may have a role in mitigating the incidence of post-operative AF.

Methods

We searched Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Database of Chinese sci-tech periodicals (COVIP), and Wanfang Database for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing colchicine versus placebo, or usual care for prevention of post-operative AF. The main outcome was the occurrence of AF post operation, which includes cardiac surgery, lung surgery, or pulmonary vein isolation. The estimated risk ratio (RR) for the occurrence of post-operative AF was evaluated using a random-effects model. The safety end point was the development of any side effects.

Results

A total of 12 RCTs with 2274 patients were eventually included in this meta-analysis, where 1141 patients received colchicine and 1133 patients received placebo or usual care. Perioperative colchicine treatment was related to a decreased incidence of post-operative AF (RR: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56 to 0.75, p<0.001). Although the incidence of gastrointestinal side effects was increased with colchicine therapy when compared to placebo (RR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.85 to 3.34, p < 0.001), the incidence of major adverse events was not increased (RR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.60, p = 0.64).

Conclusion

In conclusion, the results of our meta-analysis suggest that colchicine treatment could lower the incidence of post-operative AF. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal colchicine treatment regime to minimize the incidence of adverse events.
The impact of extra-valvular cardiac damage on mid-term clinical outcome following transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Pellegrini Costanza , Duesmann Charlotte , Rheude Tobias , Berg Amelie , Alvarez-Covarrubias Hector A. , Trenkwalder Teresa , Mayr N. Patrick , Schürmann Friederike , Nicol Philipp , Xhepa Erion , Joner Michael
Published: December 2022

Aims

To quantify extra-valvular cardiac damage associated with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS), a novel staging model was proposed. This study aimed to validate this model in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as well as to assess its prognostic impact.

Methods and results

Based on echocardiographic findings, the following stages were applied: isolated AS (stage 0), left ventricular (LV) damage (stage 1), left atrial or mitral valve damage (stage 2), pulmonary hypertension or tricuspid regurgitation (stage 3), or right ventricular dysfunction (stage 4). The primary endpoint was 2-year all-cause mortality. The distribution across stages was 0.8% at stage 0, 7.5% at stage 1, 63.3% at stage 2, 18.3% at stage 3, and 10.1% at stage 4. All-cause mortality increased at all stages 1–4 (12.1%, 18.2%, 26.6%, and 28.2%; p = 0.023). In the multivariate model, the stage of cardiac damage, age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV, peripheral artery disease, and previous pacemaker were independent predictors of the primary endpoint.

Conclusions

Patients treated for severe AS show a high prevalence of extra-valvular cardiac damage. An increase in stage is associated with higher 2-year all-cause mortality. The application of this staging model may add value to current treatment algorithms.
Everyone loves a good story: Learning design in massive open online courses for language learning
Authors: De Caro-Barek Veruska
Published: December 2022

These couple of years have witnessed an increase in interest in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). As the COVID-19 situation amply showed us, MOOCs promptly became a practical way to secure continuity of education for students in lockdown. Educational institutions chose the MOOC format to swiftly adapt to the “new normal” and deliver their courses online without incurring too many unbudgeted expenses. However, the quality of teaching practices and learning design in MOOCs’ Digital Learning Environments (DLEs) varies considerably. Also, while the interest in the MOOC format has increased, the emergent body of specific research on MOOCs for language learning or Language MOOCs (LMOOCs) is unfortunately still limited. By choosing a connectivist approach to understand teaching and learning dynamics in DLEs, this article will elaborate on the importance of learning design and Digital Story Telling (DST) to create sustainable DLEs in MOOCs for Language Learning. The main research question investigates whether and how the development of a comprehensive and interconnected narrative structure based on DST can enhance the participants’ learning experience in LMOOCs and facilitate language learning leading to better participant retention and higher completion rates. To illustrate and support the logic threads of the argumentation, the article introduces a mixed-methods or multi-modal study of three international LMOOCs in Norwegian for beginners (NfB) developed for the international e-learning platform FutureLearn (FL). The findings discussed in the article seem to corroborate the initial hypothesis that including a comprehensive narrative structure based on DST and inspired by principles of Connectivism can lead to the development of higher-quality DLEs in MOOCs, specifically in LMOOCs.
Resourcefulness, narratives, and identity in science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics education: A perspective of makerspaces for rural communities in Colombia
Authors: Avendano-Uribe Bryann E. , Ojeda-Ramírez Santiago , Perez-Baron Jonathan
Published: December 2022

Disparities of scientific education (STEM) in rural and remote communities are exacerbating inequalities and taking away opportunities for youth to explore their scientific interests and participate in science-making globally. Maker education in rural and remote areas of Latin America could boost the participation of rural communities in scientific education and open alternatives to the lack of higher literacy rates and STEM education. In Colombia, tertiary education has been making efforts to close this gap through the Itinerant Technical Academies of Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA: National Learning Service). Participants in the Technical Academies create relevant technologies for their context, reflecting on their cultural values and aesthetics. In this contribution, we describe three projects conducted in the itinerant Technical Academies of rural Colombia in Narino to exemplify how participants made their artifacts relevant to their culture using available resources, materials, and practices. Students are using available resources to create artifacts that are relevant to their social contexts and aligned with constructivist practices. We propose and discuss three characteristics that have emerged in makerspaces situated in rural Colombia: (i) Narratives, (ii) Resourcefulness, and (iii) Identities and we suggest that makers, scholars, policymakers, and educators should pay attention to those three elements to guide future studies and further research on maker education in the Global South.
A distributed model of collective creativity in free play
Authors: Kalaydjian Juliette , Laroche Julien , Noy Lior , Bachrach Asaf
Published: December 2022

A group of children engaged in collective free play can spontaneously create new rules, learn to follow them, or find opportunities to break established ones. This rule-playing can be considered as a specific manifestation of the more general phenomenon of collective creativity. In behavioral sciences, collective creativity is often discussed as a collection of individuals each being creative. An alternative perspective views collective creativity as a distributed phenomenon: collective creativity is not a property of individual agents but rather, it emerges from the interactions within a group. Approaching free play as a case of distributed collective creativity, we understand rule-playing in terms of two complementary modes – group exploration and group exploitation-, and the transition between them. Free play is not easily amenable to fine-grained observational analysis. To overcome this, we developed the Grid Game, a new experimental setup which supports detailed empirical investigation while preserving the essence of free play. The Grid Game is a group improvisation game that uses the turn taking logic and spatial organization of typical board games, without any other predefined rules. Small groups of kids (4–5 participants) took turns in freely moving or manipulating a provided set of objects on a large 4 × 4 grid on the floor for 10 min, while being video-recorded. Despite the absence of predefined goals, simple proto-games withad hocrules often emerge, for example, placing objects on top of each other (create a tower) or an aiming-to-a-target shooting game. We propose an analysis of the emergence of such proto-games in terms of group exploration and exploitation. Building on our previous work on the Creative Foraging Game, we focus on cases of transition from exploration to exploitation underlying the discovery of a new form or rule. Based on Choreographer João Fiadeiro’s body of work, we describe these phase shifts as a distributed process composed of three stages: (1)Suggestion, (2)Recognition, and (3)Confirmation. We provide detailed descriptions of game moments according to this model which demonstrate the distributed nature of collective creativity in free play.
Stereotypes in the German Physics Olympiad - Hurdle or no Harm at all?
Authors: Ladewig Antonia , Köller Olaf , Neumann Knut
Published: December 2022

The German Physics Olympiad is a science competition in which students can compete to measure their Physics knowledge and skills with other students. Female participants are underrepresented and typically drop out of the competition earlier than their male counterparts. As the cause for this underrepresentation, social identity threat theory identifies a threat to women’s gender identity in the predominantly male environment. Stereotype threat theory adds negative stereotypes about women’s abilities in physics as a heightening factor. In this study, growth mindset and values affirmation interventions, as well as a combination of both methods, were integrated into a weekend seminar of Physics content to protect female participants from the harmful influences of stereotype and social identity threat. As female and male students’ sense of belonging and gender identification remained at equal levels, respectively, after the interventions, the results did not show any effects of stereotype threat or social identity threat for the female students. The results suggest that women who are highly interested and talented in physics and have taken first steps to pursue physics and to engage with the physics community beyond mandatory school education are not as susceptible to stereotypes and harmful cues in the environment as might previously have been assumed. Implications for future research and science competitions are discussed.
A multiple case study to understand how students experience science and engineering practices
Authors: Schaben Chris , Andersson Justin , Cutucache Christine
Published: December 2022

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), amid recent shifts in science curriculum, call for students to learn science through the practices of scientists and engineers (science and engineering practices, or SEPs). SEPs, related to inquiry learning, are ways students learn science content by doing science. Students have varied experiences learning science and engineering practices, including exposure in the classroom, from media, and in science fairs. Using a qualitative, multiple case study design, we analyzed public school educators’ and middle and high school students’ (ages 12–18) interview transcripts about learning through the science and engineering practices. Findings demonstrate that students learn different aspects of science and engineering practices during both in school and out-of-school science learning. Several transcending themes emerged from our interview data leading to recommendations for educators. Specific science and engineering practices might be better leveraged to introduce students to scientific research, students saw themselves as scientists leading to development of science identity while learning through SEPs, the relevancy of their work drove student learning, and resiliency was important during many of their learning experiences.
Longitudinal evaluation of breast tissue in healthy infants: Prevalence and relation to reproductive hormones and growth factors
Authors: Ljubicic Marie Lindhardt , Madsen Andre , Upners Emmie N. , Fischer Margit Bistrup , Busch Alexander Siegfried , Frederiksen Hanne , Johannsen Trine Holm , Juul Anders , Hagen Casper P.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Breast tissue in infancy is a rather undescribed phenomenon. We aimed to describe the prevalence and progression of palpable breast tissue in healthy boys and girls aged 0-1 years and to evaluate clinical markers, individual serum hormone concentrations as well as combined hormone profiles as determinants of the persistence of breast tissue.

Methods

In total, 233 term infants (119 boys, 114 girls) were included and followed from birth until 1 year of age in The COPENHAGEN Minipuberty Study (ClinicalTrials.gov #NTC02784184). Infants were followed up to six times with a clinical examination and serum sampling. Principal component analyses (PCAs) produced combined hormone profiles.

Results

A total of 98% of all infants aged 0-1 year exhibited breast tissue at some point. 50% still had breast tissue present at 0.5-0.6 years in girls and 0.3-0.4 years in boys (‘persistent’). At one year, more girls than boys had breast tissue present (p=0.010). Most clinical and hormonal markers did not differ in infants with/without persistent breast tissue. However, in those with persistent breast tissue, estradiol (first visit, girls, p=0.034), androstenedione, corticosterone, cortisol (first visit, boys, all p<0.050), length (first visit, boys, p=0.030), and testicular volume (0.3-0.4 years, p=0.040) were higher, while IGF-I (0.3-0.4, boys, p=0.033) was lower. In boys, a combined, PCA-derived hormone profile (first visit) was able to predict the persistence of breast tissue (area under the curve=83%) better than any single marker.

Discussion

Palpable breast tissue in infancy is common in both sexes although it persists in significantly more girls than boys at one year of age. Data supports both the early origin of breast tissue (in utero- and early postnatal) as well as a role of endogenous hormone production in later development and maintenance.