bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of mandarin (Citrus reticulata) cytogenetic map with its genome sequence
Authors: Mendes Sandra , Régis Thallita , Terol Javier , Soares Filho Walter dos Santos , Talon Manuel , Pedrosa-Harand Andrea
Published: August 2020

Citrus is an extremely important genus in terms of world fruit production. Despite its economic importance and the small genome sizes of its species (2n = 18, 1C = 430 ± 68 Mbp), entire genomic assemblies have only recently become available for some of its representatives. Together with the previous CMA/DAPI banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the group, these data are important for understanding the complex relationships between its species and for assisting breeding programs. To anchor genomic data with the cytogenetic map of mandarin (Citrus reticulata), the parental species of several economically important hybrids such as sweet orange and clementine, 18 BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) clones were used. Eleven clementine BACs were positioned by BAC-FISH, doubling the number of chromosome markers so far available for BAC-FISH in citrus. Additionally, six previously mapped BACs were end-sequenced, allowing, together with one BAC previously sequenced, their assignment to scaffolds and the subsequent integration of chromosomes and the genome assembly. This study therefore established correlations between mandarin scaffolds and chromosomes, allowing further structural genomic and comparative study with the sweet orange genome, as well as insights into the chromosomal evolution of the group.
Pressure-driven changes to spontaneous flow in active nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Walton Joshua , McKay Geoffrey , Grinfeld Michael , Mottram Nigel J.
Published: August 2020

We consider the effects of a pressure gradient on the spontaneous flow of an active nematic liquid crystal in a channel, subject to planar anchoring and no-slip conditions on the boundaries of the channel. We employ a model based on the Ericksen-Leslie theory of nematics, with an additional active stress accounting for the activity of the fluid. By directly solving the flow equation, we consider an asymptotic solution for the director angle equation for large activity parameter values and predict the possible values of the director angle in the bulk of the channel. Through a numerical solution of the full nonlinear equations, we examine the effects of pressure on the branches of stable and unstable equilibria, some of which are disconnected from the no-flow state. In the absence of a pressure gradient, solutions are either symmetric or antisymmetric about the channel midpoint; these symmetries are changed by the pressure gradient. Considering the activity-pressure state space allows us to predict qualitatively the extent of each solution type and to show, for large enough pressure gradients, that a branch of non-trivial director angle solutions exists for all activity values.

Graphical abstract
Multi-modality in the Likelihood Function of GARCH Model
Authors: Mahmood Farrukh , Khan Saud Ahmed
Published: August 2020

It is shown empirically that likelihood function of the GARCH is multi-modal. Hence, the maximum likelihood estimates at local and global maxima will be quantitatively different. Therefore, it is important to start an estimation method with consistent starting value that converge to global maxima. This study compares two estimation methods, BFGS and DE, on the basis of simulation and surface constructed by changing the value of GARCH [Formula: see text] model. DE is superior and consistent throughout the surface, and across distributions. PSX is used as real-world application and it has been found that the estimates obtained from DE are best and unbiased.
Security for the Modern Age
Authors: Frazelle Jessie
Published: August 2020

Giving operators a usable means of securing the methods they use to deploy and run applications is a win for everyone. Keeping the usability-focused abstractions provided by containers, while finding new ways to automate security and defend against attacks, is a great path forward.
Neimark–Sacker Bifurcation of a Two-Dimensional Discrete-Time Chemical Model
Authors: Khan A. Q.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the local dynamics and Neimark–Sacker bifurcation of a two-dimensional glycolytic oscillator model in the interior of ℝ+2 are explored. It is investigated that for all α and β, the model has a unique equilibrium point: Pxy+α/β+α2,α. Further about Pxy+α/β+α2,α, local dynamics and the existence of bifurcation are explored. It is investigated about Pxy+α/β+α2,α that the glycolytic oscillator model undergoes no bifurcation except the Neimark–Sacker bifurcation. Some simulations are given to verify the obtained results. Finally, bifurcation diagrams and the corresponding maximum Lyapunov exponent are presented for the glycolytic oscillator model.
Exact k-Component Graph Learning for Image Clustering
Authors: Min Yufang , Zhang Yaonan
Published: August 2020

The performance of graph-based clustering methods highly depends on the quality of the data affinity graph as a good affinity graph can approximate well the pairwise similarity between data samples. To a large extent, existing graph-based clustering methods construct the affinity graph based on a fixed distance metric, which is often not an accurate representation of the underlying data structure. Also, they require postprocessing on the affinity graph to obtain clustering results. Thus, the results are sensitive to the particular graph construction methods. To address these two drawbacks, we propose a k-component graph clustering (k-GC) approach to learn an intrinsic affinity graph and to obtain clustering results simultaneously. Specifically, k-GC learns the data affinity graph by assigning the adaptive and optimal neighbors for each data point based on the local distances. Efficient iterative updating algorithms are derived for k-GC, along with proofs of convergence. Experiments on several benchmark datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness of k-GC.
A 3D Surface Reconstruction Method for Large-Scale Point Cloud Data
Authors: Guo Baoyun , Wang Jiawen , Jiang Xiaobin , Li Cailin , Su Benya , Cui Zhiting , Sun Yankun , Yang ChangLei
Published: August 2020

Due to the memory limitation and lack of computing power of consumer level computers, there is a need for suitable methods to achieve 3D surface reconstruction of large-scale point cloud data. A method based on the idea of divide and conquer approaches is proposed. Firstly, the kd-tree index was created for the point cloud data. Then, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm of multicore parallel computing was used to construct the point cloud data in the leaf nodes. Finally, the complete 3D mesh model was realized by constrained Delaunay tetrahedralization based on piecewise linear system and graph cut. The proposed method performed surface reconstruction on the point cloud in the multicore parallel computing architecture, in which memory release and reallocation were implemented to reduce the memory occupation and improve the running efficiency while ensuring the quality of the triangular mesh. The proposed algorithm was compared with two classical surface reconstruction algorithms using multigroup point cloud data, and the applicability experiment of the algorithm was carried out; the results verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed approach.
Oral Lichen Planus and Polycythemia: Possible Association
Authors: Oueslati Yassine , Chebil Raouaa Belkacem , Regaieg Haifa , Oualha Lamia , Douki Nabiha
Published: August 2020

Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of established immune-mediated pathogenesis that affects the oral mucosa. Polycythemia is a nonaggressive myeloproliferative disorder, characterized by an increase in red blood cell mass, often with uncontrolled production of granulocytes and platelets. Their association was rarely mentioned in the scientific literature. The aim of this paper was to report their occurrence in a 52-year-old male patient. Although a casual connection cannot be excluded, both diseases share many similarities in the immune dysfunctions involved in their pathogenesis and their clinical features. Such a hypothesis remains to be demonstrated by further studies. The presence of oral lesions should alert the clinicians in the process of identifying and early diagnosing these diseases. Thus, complications can be prevented and treatment can be started at an early stage, avoiding further damage.
Management of Aphakia with Visual Axis Opacification after Congenital Cataract Surgery Based on UBM Image Features Analysis
Authors: Chen Wensi , He Shiping , Xiang Daoman
Published: August 2020

Objective. The purpose of this study was to study the imaging features of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the aphakia with visual axis opacification (VAO) after congenital cataract surgery. Methods. From May 2015 to May 2018, aphakia patients with VAO who underwent congenital cataract surgery were examined by high-resolution bag/balloon UBM technique, and the results of UBM imaging were analyzed. According to UBM imaging features, different types of VAO were classified. Results. A total of 38 children (55 eyes) with VAO were included. 17 patients were bilateral, and 21 patients were unilateral. Patients with VAO were classified into 3 groups according to the UBM imaging features: membranous fibrosis VOA (17 cases, 28 eyes), cortical regeneration VOA (15 cases, 20 eyes), and mixed VOA (6 cases, 7 eyes). The patients in the membranous fibrosis group underwent Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, those in the cortical regeneration group underwent anterior vitrectomy, and those in the mixed type group underwent anterior vitrectomy with RF capsulotomy tip. After surgery, VAO were removed in all patients. During the follow-up period, in the membranous fibrotic VAO group, iris adhesion and pupillary occlusion were found in 2 eyes, and anterior vitrectomy combined with separation of iris adhesion was performed. In cortical regenerative and mixed type VAO groups, anterior vitrectomy was performed without opacity in the axial region. The total recurrence rate of VAO was 3.46%. Conclusion. After congenital cataract surgery, the UBM imaging features of aphakia with VAO are helpful to evaluate the condition of VAO before reoperation so as to choose the optimal surgical method to achieve better therapeutic effect.
Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on Risk of Breast Cancer: A Study Analyzing Nationwide Data from Korean National Health Insurance Service
Authors: Hwang Ki-Tae , Han Kyung-Do , Oh Sohee , Koo Bo Kyung , Lee Se Kyung , Kim Jongjin , Seo Hwa Jeong , Jung Jiwoong , Kim Byoung Hyuck , Hur Ho
Published: August 2020

Background:

To investigate the influence of metabolic syndrome and its components on the risk of breast cancer.

Methods:

Retrospective nationwide cohort study analyzing data of 13,377,349 women older than 19 years from Korean National Health Insurance Service was performed. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate HR and 95% confidence interval (CI) of breast cancer risk.

Results:

The presence of metabolic syndrome decreased the risk of all breast cancer types in all subjects (HR, 0.954; 95% CI, 0.939–0.970). In women with age ≤50 years, metabolic syndrome decreased the risk of all breast cancer types, with similar findings for all subject groups (HR, 0.915; 95% CI, 0.892–0.939). In women with age >50 years, metabolic syndrome increased the risk of all breast cancer types (HR, 1.146; 95% CI, 1.123–1.170), especially in age groups of more than 55 years. In women with age >50 years, HRs increased as the number of metabolic syndrome components increased, while HRs decreased as the number of metabolic syndrome components increased in women with age ≤50 years.

Conclusions:

The presence of metabolic syndrome increased the risk of breast cancers in postmenopausal women, but decreased the risk in premenopausal women. Every metabolic syndrome component played similar roles on the risk of breast cancer as metabolic syndrome, and their effects became stronger when the number of components increased.

Impact:

Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of breast cancer having different effect according to age groups.
Priority Union and Feature Logic in Phonology
Authors: Reiss Charles
Published: August 2020

Phonological rules built from a single operation, priority union, can model both feature-filling and feature-changing processes. The distinction is handled by specifying which argument of priority union is defeasible. Priority union should be considered as a candidate for inclusion in phonological Universal Grammar.
Understanding Fanny
Authors: Kilgore Rachel
Published: August 2020

Though there has been recent interest in how Jane Austen’s faith influenced her novels, scholars have generally looked to her reading in philosophy and sermons, her spiritual expression, or her Anglicanism, and have neglected the more direct influence of the Bible. Yet judging from Austen’s lifelong church attendance and her reading of the Book of Common Prayer, we can conclude that she would have heard the Psalms read entirely through once every month of her forty-one years. This paper explores the resemblance between the psalmists and Fanny Price in terms of their shared experience of exile, their patterns of lament and reminder, their long wait for deliverance, and their final homecoming. Comparing Fanny Price’s character to the psalmists recasts her as a heroine in the Hebrew tradition, offering a new understanding of her passivity and suggesting that her author was more influenced by scriptural patterns than has been heretofore understood.
Descartes’ Man Under Construction: The Circulatory Statue of Salomon Reisel, 1680
Authors: Mantovani Mattia
Published: August 2020

This paper studies the “human circulatory statues” which Salomon Reisel designed in the 1670s in order to demonstrate the circulation of the blood and its effect on the brain. It investigates how Reisel intended this project to promote Descartes’ philosophy, and how it relates to contemporary diagrammatic schematizations of the blood circulation system. It further explores Reisel’s claims concerning the epistemological and practical advantages of working with a three-dimensional model and argues that Reisel intended his statua to address the concerns of his fellow physicians and, more specifically, to help in diagnostics. I consider the background, strategy and legacy of the essays in which Reisel presented his devices, as well as their relevance to the general project of the scien­tific journal – one of the earliest – in which they appeared, the Miscellanea Curiosa. Reisel was a leading physician who acted throughout his life as a mediator between the Royal Society and the Academia Naturæ Curiosorum. His articles, the paper argues, have much to tell us much about the role played by the recently established scientific academies and their journals in shaping the transmission of early modern science and medicine, in terms both of theories and of the knowledge embodied in scientific instruments.
The Proscription of a Broadcasting Licence to Religious Organisations in Nigeria: The Constitutional Issues Arising
Authors: Akinloye Idowu A
Published: August 2020

This article critically reviews the provisions of section 10(a) of the Nigerian National Broadcasting Commission Act 1992 (the Act). The section provides for the proscription of issuance of a broadcasting licence to religious organisations. This article, through literature review, argues that the provision of the Act infringes the provisions of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended) (the Constitution) in two ways. First, it impinges the institutional right to the freedom to practice and manifest religious expressions. Secondly, it contravenes the state’s constitutional obligation to make policies that would promote socioeconomic development of the country; thus, portraying as mere cosmetic, the extant economic and development policies of successive governments. The article contends that the provision of the Act is unfit in a constitutional and democratic society and economically not beneficial to Nigeria. The article concludes that the provision infringes on the freedom of religion of the citizens and runs contrary to a sustainable national economic growth policy. The article therefore recommends an amendment to the Act.
One less monotypic genus in Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera): A new species of Bessierus Thomas & Orth and new record from Brazil
Authors: CRUZ PAULO VILELA , GONÇALVES INÊS C. , MARIANO RODOLFO , HAMADA NEUSA
Published: August 2020

A new species of Bessierus Thomas & Orth, formerly a monotypic genus, is described from Amapá State, Brazil. The type species of the genus, B. doloris Thomas & Orth, had only its nymphs described until recently, when its male imago was associated to nymphs mainly based on pigmentation pattern. Bessierus riobranco sp. n. here described has no significant difference on pigmentation pattern from B. doloris, thus the new species could be the male imago of B. doloris, and the putative imago of B. doloris a new species, or even both described imagoes could be new species. Still, a new male imago existence cannot be neglected and we opted to provide a properly description, diagnosis and illustration, hence contributing to the knowledge of mayfly neotropical diversity and future research on the genus. The generic concept of Bessierus and its type species diagnoses are altered to accommodate the new species, and a new record of B. doloris is provided.
A new bathyal ophiacanthid brittle star (Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthidae) with Caribbean affinities from the Plio-Pleistocene of the Mediterranean
Authors: NUMBERGER-THUY LEA D. , THUY BEN
Published: August 2020

Identifiable remains of large deep-sea invertebrates are exceedingly rare in the fossil record. Thus, every new discovery adds to a better understanding of ancient deep-sea environments based on direct fossil evidence. Here we describe a collection of dissociated skeletal parts of ophiuroids (brittle stars) from the latest Pliocene to earliest Pleistocene of Sicily, Italy, preserved as microfossils in sediments deposited at shallow bathyal depths. The material belongs to a previously unknown species of ophiacanthid brittle star, Ophiacantha oceani sp. nov. On the basis of morphological comparison of skeletal microstructures, in particular spine articulations and vertebral articular structures of the lateral arm plates, we conclude that the new species shares closest ties with Ophiacantha stellata, a recent species living in the present-day Caribbean at bathyal depths. Since colonization of the deep Mediterranean following the Messinian crisis at the end of the Miocene was only possibly via the Gibraltar Sill, the presence of tropical western Atlantic clades in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Mediterranean suggests a major deep-sea faunal turnover yet to be explored.
Revision of the Oriental species of Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) with their phylogenetic relationship
Authors: MUKHERJEE TUHAR , MUKHERJEE BINDARIKA , HAZRA NILADRI
Published: August 2020

Imagines and pupae of new species Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) retusum are described from India. Three species, P. (Polypedilum) tamanigrum Sasa, 1983, P. (Pentapedilum) anale (Freeman, 1954), and P. (Tripodura) conghuaense Zhang, Song, Qi and Wang, 2016 with pupa are recorded firstly in the subcontinent. Hypopygia of P. (P.) ascium Chaudhuri, Guha and Das Gupta, 1981, P. (T.) conghuaense, P. (T.) lineatum Chaudhuri, Guha and Das Gupta, 1981 and P. (P.) nudiceps Chaudhuri, Guha and Das Gupta, 1981 are redescribed. Polypedilum (P.) exterflexum Hazra, Sanyal and Brahma, 2015, P. clavipennae Hazra, Sanyal and Brahma, 2015 and P. aduncum Konar and Hazra, 2017 are proposed here to transfer to the genus Stictochironomus Kieffer, 1919. Polypedilum (P.) insolitum Chaudhuri, Guha and Das Gupta, 1981 is here stated as junior synonym of Zavreliella marmorata (Wulp, 1859). In addition, some biogeographic and taxonomic remarks including DNA barcoding for selected species are given. Cladistic analysis of the Oriental species of Polypedilum Kieffer is made to hypothesise their possible relationship. A new dichotomous key of the Oriental species of Polypedilum is presented here.
Two new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group from Suriname
Authors: FOUQUET ANTOINE , JAIRAM RAWIEN , OUBOTER PAUL , KOK PHILIPPE J. R.
Published: August 2020

Anomaloglossus is a species-rich genus of frogs endemic to the Guiana Shield that still harbours several unnamed species. According to a recent integrative taxonomic survey, the A. stepheni species group includes five valid nominal species and at least four putatively unnamed species, two in Brazil and two in Suriname. In this paper, we describe the two species from Suriname based on adult and tadpole morphology as well as their calls and natural history. Both have exotrophic tadpoles transported by the male to small water bodies. These two new species differ from each other and from other congeners in body size, colouration pattern, call characteristics and breeding sites. Both have narrow distributions and should be considered Endangered according to IUCN criteria.
Revision of the genus Tephrochlaena, with a key to genera of Palaearctic Heteromyzinae (Diptera: Heleomyzidae)
Authors: GIUDICE GIUSEPPE LO , WOŹNICA ANDRZEJ JÓZEF
Published: August 2020

In order to fix the identity of the European monospecific genus of heleomyzid flies Tephrochlaena Czerny, 1924 (Figs. 1, 2), the type specimens of Helomyza halterata Meigen, 1830, and Tephrochlaena oraria Collin, 1943, were re-examined. Tephrochlaena oraria is redescribed, the lectotype is designated to clarify the application of the name to the taxon and the type species of Tephrochlaena Czerny, 1924 is fixed as Tephrochlaena oraria Collin, 1943 (= Helomyza halterata sensu Czerny, 1924, nec Meigen, 1830), under ICZN Article 70.3.2. External characters and male and female terminalia are illustrated. A key to the Palaearctic genera of the subfamily Heteromyzinae is provided. By First Reviser action, Tephrochlamys rufiventris (Meigen, 1830) is given precedence over Helomyza halterata Meigen, 1830 syn. nov. under ICZN Article 24.2.1. A lectotype is also designated for Helomyza rufiventris Meigen, 1830 under ICZN Recommendation 73F.
On six new species of Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Zygophylacidae) from the New Calendonian region
Authors: CANTERO ÁLVARO L. PEÑA
Published: August 2020

Six new species of Zygophylax (Z. dispersa sp. nov., Z. encarnae sp. nov., Z. laertesi sp. nov., Z. medeae sp. nov., Z. niobae sp. nov. and Z. pseudoabietinella sp. nov.) are described and figured. The material studied was present in collections from several French expeditions in the western Pacific, mostly in the waters around New Caledonia and vicinity.
One new species and one newly recorded species in the subgenus Myothorax Murray, 1864 from China (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Carpophilinae: Carpophilus)
Authors: CHEN XIAOXIAO , HUI ZIYAN , HUANG MIN
Published: August 2020

One new species, Carpophilus (Myothorax) brunneus sp. nov., and one newly recorded species, Carpophilus (Myothorax) nepos Murray, 1864, are described or redescribed from China, photographed, and illustrated in detail.
Managing Digital Transformation: Scope of Transformation and Modalities of Value Co-Generation and Delivery
Authors: Cennamo Carmelo , Dagnino Giovanni Battista , Di Minin Alberto , Lanzolla Gianvito
Published: August 2020

The diffusion of digital technologies has enabled a notable transformation in the firms’ boundaries, processes, structures, roles, and interactions. It is now clear that digital transformation is not just a traditional IT back-end process; rather it affects the organization as a whole, redefining strategies, entrepreneurial processes, innovation, and governance mechanisms. This permeation has led to the emergence of new ways of organizing firms’ value chains and interfirm relationships, which now increasingly occur in digital ecosystems and marketplaces. The scope of transformation as well as the modalities of value co-generation and delivery are here used to introduce the content of this Special Issue of California Management Review on Digital Transformation.
Collective resistance intention of migrants to resettlement policies: the role of influential pathways of information sources
Authors: Liu Yingying , Zhu Zhe , Kapucu Naim , Zhu Zhengwei , Guo Xuesong
Published: August 2020

The failure of large-scale resettlement policies has been largely determined by the collective resistance of residents. For migrants who must leave their original residence and get resettled, mass media and interpersonal communication are important sources to get policy information, which affects their attitudes and responses to resettlement policies. Existing studies have provided two pathways to explain the influencing mechanism between information sources and people’s collective resistance intention. One of these pathways focuses on trust in government and the other highlights perceived benefits. However, it is still unclear how to predict migrants’ collective resistance intention based on different information sources within these two pathways. By concentrating on the policy domain of Chinese resettlement projects, this study aims to develop an integrated, theoretical framework to explore the causal paths between information sources and migrants’ collective resistance intention. Based on a survey of three towns in Ankang, China, we tested the causal mechanism with a structural equation model. The results demonstrate that the pathway that involves trust in government is more explanatory in illustrating the causal mechanism than the pathway of perceived benefits, and interpersonal communication yields stronger effects than mass media in mitigating migrants’ collective resistance intention. The implications for resettlement policy publicity and trust-building in China are discussed.

Points for practitioners

Public communication is a critical competency for public managers. Public managers are recommended to flexibly apply various information sources to communicate with migrants in order to eventually mitigate their collective resistance intention by strengthening their trust in government, as well as their perceived benefits. In the early stages of policy publicity, a variety of mass media are needed to inform the migrants of resettlement policies. Then, at the stage of policy implementation, the primary focus becomes interpersonal communication that offers sufficiently detailed information. In this regard, local government managers should carry out more programs that entail face-to-face information sharing to help participants understand the resettlement policy, and encourage them to explain it to their family and friends.
Polymeric foams from recycled thermoplastic poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: Cadete Mylene S , Gomes Tiago EP , Carvalho Pedro J , Neto Victor F
Published: August 2020

With the increase use of plastics, there is currently a concern with the waste of materials, resulting in a series of challenges and opportunities for the waste management sector. In the present work, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) foam was produced from recycled PET (RPET) from used water bottles. The recycled material was manually prepared and foamed in batches with the assistance of nitrogen gas as the physical blowing agent. RPET was characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The influence of the pressure on the foam formation was studied and the results obtained showed that this variable influences the final product characteristics. To evaluate the behavior of the foams, their morphology, response to deformation when subject to compression and their thermal conductivities were studied. The morphology analysis showed that operating at higher-pressure results in bigger pore size but also in an increased pore size heterogeneous distribution, and foams that exhibit a higher thermal conductivity.
Modeling analysis and lightweight design for an axle hub considering stress and fatigue life
Authors: Zhang Cuixia , Dong Quande , Zhang Liangxi , Li Qiang , Chen Jianqing , Shen Xuehong
Published: August 2020

The lightweight of axle hub has been recognized as a typical representative of reducing the quality of vehicles for energy saving and emission reduction. Therefore, a modeling analysis and lightweight design based on ANSYS for axle hub is proposed. Firstly, design dimensions and structural parameters of axle hub are modeled. The hub model is imported into workbench software to simulate the static analysis. The stress and deformation of the axle hub are obtained by mesh element division, boundary condition constraints and loading conditions, and the modal and fatigue strength of the hub are simulated to obtain the modal natural frequency and life data. Then, from the point of view of reducing the quality and safety of the hub, the structure of the hub is changed, the model is compared again, and the lightweight design scheme can be obtained. The results show that the weight of a hub decreases by 5.537% after lightening. This method can improve the structure, save materials, reduce production costs, and shorten the design cycle. This lightweight design method has important reference and practical significance for the lightweight design of axle wheels and similar products.
Research on the performance degradation assessment method of a mine hoist braking system based on variable step-size fruit fly optimization algorithm–complex Gaussian wavelet support vector data description
Authors: Li Juanjuan , Meng Guoying , Luo Jianguo , Wang Aiming , Ding Jun , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2020

According to the characteristics of the constant deceleration braking system of hoist, a variable step-size fruit fly optimization algorithm–complex Gaussian wavelet support vector data description method is proposed in this article to evaluate the performance of the brake system. This method takes the pressure–time curve of safety braking as the characteristic data and extracts the candidate characteristic parameters from it. After the comprehensive evaluation of the characteristic parameters based on correlation, monotonicity, and predictability, the characteristic parameters are selected to evaluate the overall performance of the brake system. The proposed variable step-size fruit fly optimization algorithm–complex Gaussian wavelet support vector data description model avoids the situation where the classical Drosophila optimization algorithm is easy to fall into the local optimum. The reliability of the proposed method is verified by the simulation data, and the practicability of the proposed method is verified by the test-bed data. The performance evaluation model of variable step-size fruit fly optimization algorithm–complex Gaussian wavelet support vector data description is constructed, which realizes the quantitative evaluation of the brake system health state and provides technical support for the condition-based maintenance and intelligent maintenance of the hoist brake system.
Negation and Verb-initial Order in Old English Main Clauses
Authors: Cichosz Anna
Published: August 2020

This study investigates two Old English (OE) constructions: “negative inversion” (a negated main clause with a clause-initial verb), and “narrative inversion” (a non-negated main clause with a clause-initial verb). The aim is to determine whether the two patterns may be treated as related “constructions” in Construction Grammar terms, and to identify the factors which promote the use of negative inversion in OE prose. The study shows that in both cases there is a strong interaction between syntax and lexicon: the choice between negative inversion and other patterns in negated main clauses as well as the difference between negative and narrative inversion is to a great extent lexically-based. The analysis also points to other variables underlying this variation such as text type and the use of direct speech. The corpus-based analysis provides a solid empirical basis for the claim that negative inversion and narrative inversion represent two separate constructions, functioning independently in the OE system.
Fabrication, characterization and optical properties of transparent PP/Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) based nanocomposites
Authors: Ramazanov MA , Hajiyeva FV , Shirinova HA
Published: August 2020

In this study have been prepared optically transparent polymeric nanocomposites based on PP/YSZ by combination of ex-situ and hot pressing methods. The structure of the synthesized nanocomposites was studied by XRD analysis, UV spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy. The optical and photoluminescent (PL) properties of polymer nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that with an increase in the concentration of YSZ nanoparticles in the PP matrix to 3% of the content of nanoparticles, the PL intensity increases, with a further increase in the nanoparticles content, the PL intensity decreases. This is explained by the fact that with an increase in the concentration of YSZ nanoparticles, their size increases and their specific surface decreases, and this leads to a decrease in the contacting region between the polymer and the nanoparticle. A decrease in the interphase boundary leads to a decrease in interphase interactions, and this in turn leads to a change in the PL intensity. It was also shown that the PL intensity for nanocomposites at all wavelengths increases with increasing annealing temperature to 120°C, and then decreases. Possible reasons for a significant increase in the PL intensity after thermal annealing are the redistribution of charge carriers between levels in the band gap or the recharging of recombination centers and the removal of organic compounds adsorbed on the surface of nanocomposites.
Influences of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid on pore morphology of various rank coals: A review
Authors: Hu Zichao , Zhang Dengfeng , Wang Man , Liu Shilin
Published: August 2020

Supercritical carbon dioxide is known to change the pore structure of coals and thus affect their carbon dioxide sequestration capacity. In this study, supercritical carbon dioxide dependence of pore morphology of coals was reviewed. Results indicated that the micropore surface area and volume of dry coals varied between –20% and 20% after exposure to supercritical carbon dioxide. Changes in the micropore size distribution of dry coals after supercritical carbon dioxide exposure were not found to be significant; however, the change in meso- and macropores with diameter of 2–8 nm was observed to be significant. Supercritical carbon dioxide and H2O exposure mainly influenced pores with diameters of 0.4–0.7, 0.7–0.9 and 2–8 nm. The variation in the pore fractal dimensions of the coals ranged from –0.5% to 0.5% after supercritical carbon dioxide exposure. Furthermore, the dependence of supercritical carbon dioxide on the pore structure of coals relies on the coal rank. The change in the pore structure of the coals after supercritical carbon dioxide exposure was observed to be related to the following aspects. First, supercritical carbon dioxide induced swelling in coal matrix, thus reducing the pore surface area and volume of the coal matrix and compressing the cleat system. Next, the extraction of supercritical carbon dioxide mobilised the small organic molecules dispersed in the coal matrix; this increased the pore volume, particularly of micropores. Finally, the mineral dissolution/precipitation also changed the pore structure of the coals. To further examine supercritical carbon dioxide dependence of coal pore morphology, the following studies should be performed. The characterisation of the chemical and pore structure of coals should be combined with existing coal structure models to account for the mechanism of supercritical carbon dioxide changing the pore structure of coals. Combination of physical experiments and numerical simulations is recommended to predict the changes in porosity and permeability of coals due to long-term carbon dioxide sequestration.
Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Among Midlife Women: A Feasibility Study Comparing a Combined Sleep and Lifestyle Intervention With a Standard Lifestyle Intervention
Authors: Chesla Catherine A. , Gay Caryl , Bauer Laurie , Bender Melinda Sarmiento , Lee Kathryn
Published: August 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of adding a sleep extension intervention to a well-established diabetes prevention intervention among midlife women with short sleep duration at risk for type 2 diabetes.

Methods

For this 2-group comparative design, 26 women with prediabetes or metabolic syndrome and sleep duration <7 hours were recruited from the community to participate in an 8-session diet and physical activity lifestyle intervention alone (L-alone) or L-alone plus a behavioral sleep intervention (L+Sleep). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and other outcomes were compared at baseline and 3 and 6 months using analysis of covariance.

Results

Incorporating a sleep intervention into lifestyle changes proved feasible and acceptable to midlife women at risk for type 2 diabetes. Significant decreases in BMI and waist circumference over time were observed in both groups, but comparative efficacy of L+Sleep versus L-alone yielded few group differences. Exploratory analysis indicated that women who increased their sleep to ≥7 h/night, regardless of group assignment, lost more weight than women who continued to report sleeping <7 h/night.

Conclusion

Adding sleep extension to a lifestyle change intervention proved feasible and satisfactory to participants, but initial efficacy did not differentiate the 2 intervention groups.
The democratic potential of political consumerism: The effect of visibility bias and social stratification
Authors: Hooghe Marc , Goubin Silke
Published: August 2020

Political consumerism, that is, the buying or boycotting of goods and services for political or ethical reasons, is now firmly accepted as a form of political participation increasingly adopted by the young. In this article we investigate two claims often made concerning the democratic potential of political consumerism. First, visibility bias would imply that political consumerism mainly targets visible and often symbolic goods, without real economic impact. Our results suggest that participants indeed tend to focus on goods, and neglect services, despite the growing importance of the service sector. Second, it has been argued that political consumerism is only a weapon for the ‘happy few’. Our results indeed show that especially higher educated and progressive respondents tend to use political consumerism. Although our findings are based on specific samples in Belgium, and therefore cannot be generalised, we close with some observations on the broader democratic impact of political consumerism.
Regional organizations and democratic conditionality: Family resemblances and shaming
Authors: Whitehead Laurence
Published: August 2020

The six major regional organizations (ROs) covered in this special issue all originated prior to the rise of liberal internationalism, and were repurposed by it. After 1989 they converged towards a common discourse on democratic conditionality, and developed a capacity to discipline and sanction non-compliance, preferring persuasion and appeals to regional norms rather than coercion. This concluding overview highlights the relevance of such metaphors as ecosystem, family resemblance, and peer review; and directs attention to the temporal and spatial scope conditions of the cases considered; and to the bargaining involved. As the ecosystem of liberal internationalism and regional democratic solidarity has faded, ‘pushbacks’ have appeared from regimes ‘targeted’ for sanctions and/or ‘shaming.’ Since states must coexist in permanent interaction with their neighbors, and because the democratic ‘like-mindedness’ of regions fluctuates, such RO stigmatization cannot be a one-shot game. Rather, it will be interactive, and contextually negotiated over time.
Relationships between executive functions and occupational performance of children with medulloblastoma
Authors: Önal Gözde , Huri Meral
Published: August 2020

Introduction

This study examines executive functions and occupational performances of children with medulloblastoma and children with typical development. The aim was to compare the executive function and occupational performance levels of children with medulloblastoma and children with typical development and to investigate the relationship between the executive function and occupational performance levels of children with medulloblastoma.

Method

Parents of 105 children (6–12 years) completed the Childhood Executive Function Inventory. A total of 105 children were administered the Canadian Occupational Performance Measurement to obtain information on occupational performance areas. Executive functions and occupational performance levels of children with medulloblastoma ( n = 52) and typical development ( n = 53) were compared. Correlation analysis was conducted between the executive functions and occupational performances of children with medulloblastoma.

Results

Executive function and occupational performance levels of children with medulloblastoma were lower than those with typical development. Significant relationships were found between the executive functions and occupational performances of children with medulloblastoma ( p < 0.05, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

It is clear that the executive functions of children with medulloblastoma significantly affect their occupational performance level. Client-centered, occupation-oriented cognitive therapy interventions prepared according to occupational therapy theories and models might be useful to increase the occupational performance level of children with medulloblastoma.
FinTech, economy and space: Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Knight Eric , Wójcik Dariusz
Published: August 2020

In the introduction to the first-ever special issue on the spatial dimensions of FinTech, we show that despite a FinTech fever in business and media, research on FinTech is still niche, particularly in social sciences. We describe FinTech as a research area full of controversies, ripe and in need of geographical research. As we outline, papers in this issue contribute to the debate primarily by examining the role of the state, financial centres and uneven development in FinTech.
High IgA antiphospholipid autoantibodies in healthy Sudanese explain the increased prevalence among Sudanese compared to Swedish systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Elbagir Sahwa , Elshafie Amir I , Elagib Elnour M , Mohammed NasrEldeen A , Aledrissy Mawahib IE , Manivel Vivek Anand , Pertsinidou Eleftheria , Nur Musa AM , Gunnarsson Iva , Svenungsson Elisabet , Rönnelid Johan
Published: August 2020

Objectives

IgA antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are prevalent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients of African American, Afro-Caribbean and South African origin. Nevertheless, data from North Africa are lacking, and most studies use manufacturer-suggested cut-offs based on Caucasian controls. Therefore, we compared aPL isotypes in Sudanese and Swedish SLE patients using nation-based cut-offs.

Methods

Consecutive SLE patients and age- and sex-matched controls from Sudan ( N = 115/106) and Sweden ( N = 340/318) were included. All patients fulfilled the 1982 American College of Rheumatology SLE classification criteria. Antiphospholipid syndrome–related events were obtained from patients’ records. IgA/G/M anticardiolipin and anti-β2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) were analysed with two independent assays. IgA anti-β2GPI domain 1 (D1) was also investigated. Manufacturers’ cut-offs and the 95th and 99th percentile cut-offs based on national controls were used.

Results

Sudanese patients and controls had higher levels and were more often positive for IgA aPL than Swedes when using manufacturers’ cut-offs. In contrast, using national cut-offs, the increase in IgA aPL among Sudanese patients was lost. Occurrence of IgA anti-D1 did not differ between the countries. Venous thromboses were less common among Sudanese patients and did not associate with aPL. No clinical associations were observed with IgA anti-β2GPI in Sudanese patients. Thromboses in Swedes were associated with IgG/M aPL. Fetal loss was associated with aPL in both cohorts.

Conclusions

IgA anti-β2GPI prevalence was higher among Sudanese compared to Swedish patients when manufacturers’ cut-offs were used. This situation was reversed when applying national cut-offs. Anti-D1 was not increased in Sudanese patients. Previous studies on populations of African origin, which demonstrate a high prevalence of IgA aPL positivity, should be re-evaluated using a similar cut-off approach.
Prevalence of subclinical synovitis of the hand in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Guillén-Astete Carlos A , Revenga-Martinez Marcelino , Zea-Mendoza Antonio , Brito-Brito Elia
Published: August 2020

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of subclinical synovitis in Lupus patients without peripheral joint symptoms, in those with arthralgias without arthritis and those with episodic arthritis but without radiological structural damage.

Methods

We conducted a multicentre cross-sectional study. Patients with lupus from those three categories were recruited to take part in a greyscale ultrasound scan performed by an expert blinded rheumatologist. Data from a historical control group from a previous study was also included for comparisons. Images were assessed separately in order to determine the presence and level of synovitis following Eular recommendations.

Results

Ninety-six patients (88.5% female) with an average age of 40 ± 6.2 years old, were included. SLICC/ACR score was 0.6 ± 0.3 in the group without joint symptoms (group 0), 0.8 ± 0.3 in the group with arthralgias (group I) and 1.1 ± 0.4 in the group with episodic arthritis. The global prevalence of subclinical synovitis was 38.5%. In group 0, that prevalence was 30%. The time since onset of symptoms of patients with subclinical synovitis was longer than the rest of the patients (9.4 ± 2.2 vs 6.5 ± 4.0 years, P < 0.001). No other remarkable association was founded with clinical features of the disease.

Conclusions

This is the first study focused on subclinical synovitis in patients with lupus. Other previous studies had included patients with different levels of arthropathy. Subclinical synovitis does exist in lupus patients in over a third of patients. Its meaning remains unclear and must be a topic of further studies.
Days of Future Past: Concerns for the Group’s Future Prompt Longing for Its Past (and Ways to Reclaim It)
Authors: Wohl Michael J. A. , Stefaniak Anna , Smeekes Anouk
Published: August 2020

In this article, we summarize recent research on collective angst (i.e., concern for one’s group’s future vitality) and collective nostalgia (i.e., sentimental longing for the in-group’s past) and emphasize their interconnections and predictive utility. We also put forth the supposition that the source of the collective angst that group members are feeling can influence the content of collective nostalgia (i.e., what group members are longing for), which has consequences for the attitudes and actions that group members will support to protect the group’s vitality. Political rhetoric tends to capitalize on the relation between these emotions by making specific existential threats salient to elicit specific associated collective nostalgizing, followed by promises to “bring back the good old days”—days when the source of the threat was (ostensibly) absent. In sum, the content of collective nostalgia matters for understanding what action tendencies group members will support to assuage the specific (perceived) threats to their group.