bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Biotechnology in Detection ATP7B Gene Mutation in Vietnamese Children with Wilson Disease and Screening Target Mutation for Their Family Members
Authors: Nguyen Mai Huong , Nguyen Pham Anh Hoa , Ngo Diem Ngoc
Published: September 2020

Background/Purpose: Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of the copper metabolism, which is caused by a mutation in the copper-transporting P-type ATPase (ATP7B). The mechanism of this disease is the failure of hepatic excretion of copper to bile, and leads to copper deposits in the liver and other organs. The ATP7B gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 13 (13q14.3). This study aimed to investigate the gene mutation in the Vietnamese patients with WD, and make a asymptomatic diagnosis for their familial members.

Methods: Forty-three WD patients and their 67 siblings were identified as having ATP7B gene mutations. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples; 21 exons and exon-intron boundaries of the ATP7B gene were analyzed by direct sequencing.

Results: A total of 27 different mutations were detected in this study, which accounted for 96.8%. Of which, S105* was the most prevalent mutation, accounting for 37.1%. Following was the five other mutations, including I1148T (7.3%), IVS14-2A>G (6.6%), L1371P (6.0%), T850I and V176SfsX28 (5.3%). Among 47 genotypes, ratio of compound heterozygote was 62.8%. Most of the mutations in the study occurred in exon 2 (43.0%), exon 16 (9.9%), exon 8 (8.6%), exon 14 and intron 14 (6.6%). A total of 13 affected siblings were identified by target mutation on ATP7B gene which was identified in the proband. Among them, 5 cases were asymptomatic that would be treated soon to prevent clinical feature. This study also discoved 65 carriers in their family members.

Conclusion: The findings’ highest diagnostic importance for patients and their family members is in prognosis and the prevention of morbidity and mortality.
Subclinical Characteristics and Treatment Results of Shigella in Gastroeterology Department, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital 2019
Authors: Nguyen Hong Tu , Dang Thi Thuy Ha , Hoang Bich Ngoc , Nguyen Thi Luong
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To describe some subclinical characteristics of Shigella dysentery in children of the Gastroenterology Department at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital in 2019 and review the results of treatment in these patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients under 15 years of age admitted to the Gastroenterology Department at Vietnam National Children's Hospital.

Results: The CRP index increased to 81.8%, of which the increase was mainly in the S.sonnei group. The rate of the most common bacteria strain is S.sonnei accounting for 87.1%, followed by S.fexneri 11.8%, S.dysenteriae encountered a case of 1.1%. No cases of stool culture resulted in S.boydii. The cure rate with Ciprofloxacin is 89.5%. The recovery rate is quite high, 93.3%, the percentage of patients who are also significantly better at 6.7% and there is no case of treatment failure.

Conclusions: The number of leukocytes and CRP in the peripheral blood is increased in most cases. The main antibiotic used is Ciprofloxacin, the treatment effectiveness with Ciprofloxacin antibiotic is 89.5%, the cure rate is high and there is no case of treatment failure.
Current Situation of Treatment and Follow-up Re-examination of Children with Epilepsy at Vietnam National Children’s Hospital
Authors: Tran Thi Huyen , Cao Vu Hung , Tran Van Hoc , Nguyen Danh Ngon
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To assess treatment compliance and follow-up appointment of children with epilepsy at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital in 2019.

Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on pediatric patients and primary caregivers came for examination and treatment at the Neurology Department, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019.

Results: Mean age was 74.3 ± 45.1 (month age). The most common age group was the 2-6 year old group (40.5%), the lower rate was the 6-12 year old group (30.0%), and rest groups was the low rate. The male: female ratio is 1.43:1. Most of the main caregivers are parents (92.5%). Average treatment time was 20.4 ± 15.7 months, the rate of good adherence to treatment 43.5%, 31.5% of children had  moderated adhering to treatment and 25.0% had poor adhering to treatment. Within 6 months, 40.5% of children re-examined on time. The reasons for not complying with on-time re-examination were mainly due to the caregiver's busy work or the child was busy at school (37.8%) and the distance from home to hospital (26.1%).

Conclusions: The percentage of patients who complied with treatment and re-examination was not high. Factors that were statistically significant for children's non-compliance were: health insurance level, age of onset, duration of treatment, and frequency of attacks following treatment.
Some Risk Factors for Hospital Infections at the ICU in the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital
Authors: Pham Thi Hue , Le Kien Ngai , Hoang Bich Ngoc
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To identify some risk factors for hospital infections in the ICU, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital in 2018-2019.

Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted.

Results: Malnutrition grade II or higher, PRISM > 10, ≥ 3 invasive intervention, use of H2-receptor antagonists and intravenous feeding were risk factors for nosocomial infections. Endotracheal intubation, intubation for > 5 days, re-intubation, and aspiration of vomit were risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia. Intravenous exposure, 3 or more IV lines, and central venous catheterization were risk factors for sepsis. Gastrointestinal surgery, surgery time > 2 hours, postoperative drainage, drainage time > 5 days and no prophylactic antibiotics were risk factors for wound infection. Urinary retention and urinary flow > 3 days were risk factors for urinary tract infections.

Conclusion: Nosocomial infections with grade II or higher malnutrition and 3 invasive interventions, the use of H2-receptor resistance and intravenous nutrition associated with nosocomial infections. Pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis are high risk factors for nosocomial infections.
Restoration of national autonomies of repressed peoples in the RSFSR in the late 1950s in the context of legal succession theory
Authors: Gunaev Evgeniy Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2020

The liquidation of autonomous republics, deportation of peoples to the Siberian and Central Asian regions, subsequent restoration of the national statehood in 1957-1958 remain relevant topic in studying the history of statehood of Russian peoples in the Soviet period. The subject of this article is examination of the question of continuity, legal succession and continuation of autonomies in southern of RSFSR after being restored in 1957. This is related to the fact that in discussing socially significant issues in the southern republics of Russia, arises the question of whether restoration (formation) of the autonomies of repressed peoples in the late 1950s should be considered the beginning of a new stage of statehood or continuation of the stage prior to deportation. Another aspect is territorial integrity of the republics, or rather the problem of territorial rehabilitation, when a number of territories during restoration in 1957 stayed in the neighboring regions. Analysis is conducted on the normative acts of USSR and the RSFSR, as well as archival documents on the history of national statehood of the regions. The author concludes on applicability of the concept of legal succession to the restored autonomous republics (Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmykia, Chechen-Ingushetia) of repressed peoples in comparison to those existed prior to deportation period. Karachay-Cherkessia marked succession to the former Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Cherkess National Okrug.
River companies of Ob-Irtysh water basin (1860-1918): forms of pool of capital
Authors: Zadorozhnyaya Olga  Anatolyevna
Published: September 2020

The relevance of this research consists in the fact that modern historical literature describes an overall picture of evolution of business companies, although prevalence and peculiarities of organizational-legal form demonstrates the level of development of economic relations in the Russian Empire in a time of capitalist modernization. The subject of this research is the organizational-legal forms of river companies of Ob-Irtysh water basin over the period from 1860 to 1918 as an independent factor in development pf capitalist relations. The goal of this work is to determine the main forms of organization of river companies of Ob-Irtysh water basin, considering attraction of family and “borrowed” capital. In the course of this research, the author applied the method of modeling of commodity-money relations of Ob-Irtysh water basin, which allowed revealing the dynamics and specific characteristics of development of entrepreneurship in a separate region. The method of historical-comparative analysis illustrated the trends of choice of one or another form of pool of capital, considering the combination of family, geographical, economic, social and administrative aspects. The research results display the dynamics of distribution of various forms of business companies in the sphere of river transportation in Ob-Irtysh water basin, which describes a more objective picture of commodity-money relations in Western Siberia. The presented materials can be utilized in studying particular business companies of Ob-Irtysh river system as an institutional paradigm. The scientific novelty and conclusions lie in determination of the forms of organization of river companies of Ob-Irtysh water basin in accordance with the Russian legislation. This allows tracing the dynamic of emergence of steamship companies due to retention of strong influence of family ties in the business world.
The emergence of radar in different countries: comparative-historical analysis
Authors: Borisova Nina
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the activity of participants of the first radar projects in the pioneer countries (Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain, Germany), aimed at creation of prototype models and improvement of technical characteristics of new equipment. The goal consists in determination of the role of Soviet works in the genesis of radar. The evolutionary process of creation of the first radars, unfolded in the prewar period (1930s), is viewed individually for each country, with identification of differences and similarities. At the time of joining the World War II, all countries were armed with dozens of radars of meter and decimeter wavelength ranges, which were not too distant and accurate. Invention of a powerful multi-resonant magnetron of centimeter wavelength range (" core " of the radar) became a revolutionary event, since the transition to the centimeter range was capable to improve the radar parameters for successful accomplishment of military operations. Special attention is given to the little-known events in the history of this invention. Comparative analysis of the origin of radar in different countries (including foreign research), which was carried out for the first time, proves that the unique construct of the Soviet multi-resonant magnetron Alekseev-Malyarov had a priority, and perhaps, copied by other countries. The research results consists in illustration of the origin of radar overall, and Soviet contribution to the world history of radar in particular. Popularization of national scientific and technological achievements by the mass media, museum and educational activities may become the sphere of application of the obtained knowledge.
Formation of the model of state of the whole people in Soviet constitutionalism
Authors: Pletnikov Viktor Sergeevich
Published: September 2020

The analysis of sources of ideological and normative character demonstrates the process of formation of perception on the state of the whole people within the Soviet legal science and practice. The boundaries of this research are defined through correlation of the concepts: image – model – theory. This allows focusing attention on the significant, system-forming sources of legal knowledge that emerged in the period of 1947-1964, rather than paying attention to separate mentions regarding the need for building the state of the whole people. The theory of the state of the whole people started to develop after L. I. Brezhnev came to power. The author determines the stages in formation of the model of state of the whole people, which were passed by the Soviet State in its development. The three stages in formation of the model of state of the whole people with their legal peculiarities and forms of manifestation were highlighted: - The first stage is associated with the development and preparation of the draft program of the All-Union Communist Party Bolsheviks in 1947; - The second stage is characterized by adoption of the program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1961; - The third stage is associated with the process of drafting the Soviet Constitution of 1964. Formation of the model of state of the whole people enables formation of the theory of state of the whole people, implemented with adoption of the 1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union.
Value representation of freedom in the speech of contemporary English-language and Russian-language aging politicians
Authors: Grishenkova Ekaterina Sergeevna , Popova Larisa Georgievna
Published: September 2020

The goal of this work consists in determination of similarities and differences in value characteristics of freedom expressed in the speech of senior age politicians of the United States, United Kingdom and Russia. The subject of this research is the semantics of English and Russian aphorisms that represent value understanding of freedom in the speech of aging politicians of the listed countries. The speech of senior people was selected due to the lack of studies on the matter within comparative linguistics. Based on the material of aphorisms of the famous aging politicians of the United States, United Kingdom and Russia, the author defines the composition of topical units and groups that reflect value understanding of freedom in the English and Russian languages. The scientific novelty lies in the establishment of similarities and differences in value characteristics of freedom in the speech of English-language and Russian-language aging politicians. As a result of the conducted analysis, it was revealed that in the speech of English-language and Russian-language aging politicians, freedom is rarely the topic of discussion, they rather create the own aphorisms and at times utilize aphorisms from the corresponding English and Russian glossaries. Most often, aging politicians discuss the questions related to practical manifestation of freedom, as well as touch upon reflection of the value of freedom as a phenomenon or a process. Comparison of the composition of aphorisms in Russian and English languages demonstrates that they differ for the most part. The author concludes on the specificity of topical units. The acquired results can be applied in the university lectures on comparative lexicology of English and Russian languages.
The role of language within the identity structure of Molokans of Azerbaijan (on the example of rural localities Ivanovka and Novosaratovka)
Authors: Abdullayev Ramil Sahib
Published: September 2020

The goal of this research is the comparison of identity factors that contribute to strengthening and determination of affiliation of an ethnocultural group in a foreign language environment. The subject of this research is the examination of peculiarities of language factors as an element of preservation of identity and identification of a minority ethnocultural group of Molokans residing in the territory of Azerbaijan since the early XIX century. The author reviews certain identity structures of the Molokans that assist preservation and unification of the group. Research methodology is based on the sociolinguistic practice, surveys and interviews carried out in the rural localities Ivanovka and Novosaratovka, as well as places of residence of the Molokans in Azerbaijan. The scientific novelty consist in comparative study of Molokans in the two regions of Azerbaijan, their views upon identity, lifestyle and living conditions, and linguistic peculiarities. A conclusion is drawn that Molokans consider themselves Russians; the role of language within the identity structure of Molokans plays a crucial role; language factor dominates in formation of ethnic identity and ethnic mentality, which develops in the early childhood. The results of this work can be valuable in studying the language factor as the basis in preservation of identity of small-numbered peoples after migration.
On the Balkar-Karachay-Kumyk folklore commonness
Authors: Alkhlavova Inna Khumkerkhanovna , Akamov Abusup'yan Tatarkhanovich , Adzhiev Abdulakim Magomedovich
Published: September 2020

The subject of this article is the genetic affinity of the Balkar, Karachay and Kumyk folklore. Interconnection between three closely related nations – Balkars, Karachays, Kumyks, whose origins take roots in the ancient time and continued in medieval times, are reflected virtually in all folklore genres: myths, heroic epos, ritual and nonritual poetry, heroic-historical songs, etc. The object of this research is the folklore and historical materials that testify to close genetic affinity of the Balkars, Karachays, Kumyks. The scientific novelty of this work consists in analysis of the material that demonstrates significant commonness of Balkar-Karachay-Kumyk folklore. Therefore, the targeted study of folklore ties of Balkars-Karachays and Kumyks with regards to all genres, represents not only scientific-theoretical significance, but also allows determining specific cultural-historical paths of development of these ethnoses along with other ethnic groups of North Caucasus. The conducted analysis of tales, nursery rhymes, skipping-rope rhymes, proverbs and sayings of the three ethnic groups emphasizes their typological similarities and genetic affinity. This allows formulating the conclusions of scientific-theoretical nature, as well as on the history of the indicated ethnoses.
Book as a genre (based on the material of A. M. Dobrolybov’s compilation “From The Invisible Book”
Authors: Sluzhaeva Olga Olegovna
Published: September 2020

This article examines the genre specificity of the compilation “From The Invisible Book” by Aleksandr Dobrolyubov. Detailed analysis is conducted the structure of this book, comparing the published version with the manuscript and subsequent revisions of the author. The main genres and the storyline that connects pieces of the book are determined. The author also explores the plot and hierarchy in the compilation “From The Invisible Book”. Attention is given to the analysis of perception of Dobrolyubov’s compilation by the contemporaries. The article is first to publish archival materials, such as letters of the successors of Aleksandr Dobrolyubov – Nikolay Sutkovy and Pyotr Kartushin. The conclusion is made that in the symbolic compilation of A. M. Dobrolybov “From The Invisible Book”, book is a sovereign genre, ascending to apocalyptic genres of revelation and vision. Another title genre is the canticle. Compilation resembles a fragment. The compilation itself or its separate composition may refer to as a fragment. Concept of the “book” correlates with the sealed book from Revelations of John the Apostle, inner book from the Verse about the Book of the Dove, “Animal Book of Doukhobors”, the ideal book of Stéphane Mallarmé. The successors perceived A. M. Dobrolybov’s “From The Invisible Books” as sacred, which reflected the fundamentals of his creed. Interest to the compilation increased again few years later after it was published – 1910-1912, which coincided with the crisis of symbolism. Book becomes a general genre of the compilation.
Conceptual representation of mercy in legal texts of the XVII – XVIII centuries (based on the English-language and Russian-language materials)
Authors: Parfenenko Elena Nikolaevna
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the semantics of English and Russian lexemes that represent the conceptual component of the concept of mercy in both languages. The goal of this work consists in determination of similarities and differences of the conceptual attributes of mercy in the English and Russian legal texts of the XVII – XVIII centuries. The concept of mercy was selected due to insufficient examination of its verbalization in the comparative linguistics. In the course of this research, the author applied comparative method, semantic analysis, quantitative method, and method of modeling, Based on the legal texts of Great Britain and Russia of the XVII – XVIII centuries, the author determines the composition of core lexemes and their synonyms, which are capable of resembling the conceptual characteristics of mercy in the compared languages. The scientific novelty consists in the establishment of similarity and difference of the conceptual characteristics of mercy in the Russian and English legal texts of a certain period of time. As a result of the conducted analysis, it was revealed that in the English texts of that time, the notional component of the concept represents the core lexemes and synonyms “grace”, “mercy”, “reprieve”, “forgiveness”, “indulgence” that are the synonyms of core lexemes, while in the Russian texts this is the core lexeme “mercy”, and its synonyms “grace”, “clemency”, “remission” and “forgiveness”. Comparison of composition of the conceptual attributes of mercy in the English and Russian legal texts of the XVII – XVIII centuries illustrated that they had more differences. Thus, the conceptual attributes of mercy in the English text, understanding of forgiveness as an act of mercy, grace, or  manifestation of reprieve from a king or queen; or mercy as an abolition of punishment, benevolence of God, act of leniency and forgiveness for an offence. The conclusion is also made on similarity of the compared languages in perception of mercy as an act of grace from the ruler of the country.
Context as an activator of connotations (on the material of Kurt Pinthus’ anthology “The Twilight of Humanity”)
Authors: Oparina Kseniya Sergeevna
Published: September 2020

The goal of this research consists in determination of the types of contexts in the lyric poetry of German expressionism that contribute to the emergence of connotations in the semantics of a word. The subject of this article is the extralinguistic and linguistic contexts. The work employs the methods of contextual, component and interpretative analysis. In chronological sequence, the article describes various theories of contextual analysis and summarizes their main provisions. The author differentiates two types of context in a literary work: extralinguistic and linguistic; the latter is divided into micro- and macro-contexts. The poems of anthology of expressionist lyrics of Kurt Pinthus “The Twilight of Humanity” served as the material for this research. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the five types of linguistic micro-context, as well as analysis of the results of their interaction with semantically implemented word based on the material of the lyric poetry of German expressionism. In the course of study, it was established that extralinguistic context includes the artistic worldview of German literary expressionism as a whole, and artistic concept of “vitalism” as one of its crucial structural elements in particular. A specific poem is a macro-context. The indicatory minimum for the semantically implemented work contains five mechanisms: grammar parallelism, subjective predicative relations, complement in the genitive case, complement in the accusative case with preposition, attributive. The emergence of connotations in the sense of semantically implemented work was viewed on the example of representatives of the artistic concept of “vitalism”, which in broadly understood as “activeness”. The acquired results can be used for comprising individual authorial glossaries, as well as handbooks on text stylistics and history of foreign literature.
Analysis of grammatical means for the expression of reason in German, Italian and Russian scientific text of the XXI century
Authors: Kalyatin Igor' Sergeevich
Published: September 2020

The goal of this work lies in definition and scientific description of combination of the basic grammatical means for expression of category of reason in a scientific text (on the material of German, Italian and Russian languages). The subject of this research is a comparative analysis of the structural and semantic peculiarities of grammatical means for the expression of reason in a scientific text of the XXI century (on the material of German, Italian and Russian languages). The relevance is substantiated by insufficient study within comparative linguistics of the ways to represent the category of reason on grammatical level by comparing several languages (in this case, German, Italian and Russian). The scientific novelty of consists in conducting comparative analysis of grammatical language means for the expression of semantic category of reason in German, Italian and Russian scientific text of the XXI century. Within the framework of contrastive analysis, the author revealed the peculiarities of structuring the functional-semantic field of reason on the example of the texts under consideration. The acquired results allow concluding that in such type of texts the functional semantic field of causality is represented by grammatical means that express reason in a general form or with additional connotation. The presented materials can be applied in the course of lectures on comparative typology of the German, Italian and Russian languages.
On life cycle of a phrase (a case study of German language)
Authors: Bakhmatov Daniil Andreevich
Published: September 2020

The goal of this research consists in identification and complex description of the stages of existence of a phrase. The subject of this research is changes in the use that afflict phrases in diachrony. The author determines the types of such changes, which characterize the stages of existence of a phrase since its emergence, as well as possible ways of development of a phrase (in terms of unchangeability of its composition and level of idiomaticity).Based on the material of verbal-nominal phrases in German language, both free and phraseologisms, and attraction of corpus-based data, the changes in use are perceived as elements of a single process. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to describe the models of diachronic changes as cyclic processes; reveal common trends in development of phrases and in applicability of the definition of “life cycle” to the indicted processes. The concept of “life cycle”, used in various sciences for designating the natural, repeating processes, found its reflection in linguistics. However, cyclic processes in phraseology yet remain unstudied, despite the existing description of such phenomena as usualization, phraseologization, and dephraseologization. In conclusion, the author presents a dynamic model of life cycle of a phrase; the changes in use are viewed as its part; as well as offers the terms “deusualization” and “reusualization”. The obtained life cycle model can find application in further research in the area of diachronic phraseology and phrase formation.
Invectives as a linguistic manipulation in the song discourse (on the example of compositions from “Eurovision” song contest)
Authors: Knyazkov Dmitry Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the abusive language (invectives) prohibited by the rules of the International Song Contest “Eurovision”. The goal consists in substantiating the role of obscene language as a linguistic manipulation in song discourse of “Eurovision” contest. The tabooed words and expressions represent a wide array of lexical units for research by modern linguistic science based on the materials of various voice compositions. Using the lyrics of songs that participated in “Eurovision” and made top 10 chart, the author determined those that contain invectives. The scientific novelty consists in the first ever analysis of song lyrics that contained the lexical units of abusive language prohibited by the rules of “Eurovision”. It was determined that the compositions of multimodal discourse contain various invectives in verbal component. The authors of songs for “Eurovision” apply different linguistic manipulations to influence the live voting and ensure a spot in the finals for their composition. This is directly related to increase in the number of participating countries; therefore, the structure and content of verbal component of a musical-poetic composition of Eurovision plays an important role. Despite the prohibition by rules of the context to use tabooed lexicon in song lyrics, the author was able to identify certain violations in the English-language and Italian-language compositions. The conclusion is made that invectives in the song discourse are effective linguistic manipulations that enhance suggestive semantics of speech act, since all compositions made it to the top 10.
New touches to the biography of the educator Ismail Gaspirali
Authors: Kerimov Ismail Asanovich , Memetova Lilia Ayderovna
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the details of biography of Ismail Gaspirali, preserved in the Arabographic notes of the contemporaries, which allow adding new touches to his biographical portrait. The goal of this article lies in analysis and introduction into the scientific discourse of certain episodes from the life of Ismail Gasprali, which are of special value in comprising his full scientific biography. The dominant method for this work became the biographical research based on studying the persona of Ismail Gaspirali in the context of his life journey and relationships with other people. The principle of historicism allowed defining the stages of evolution of national mentality as a result of progressive activity of the reformer and his supporters. The author was able to determine the previously unknown episodes from the life of Ismail Gaspirali, trace the challenges that faced in implementation of his conceptual views, outline the circle of close associates who shared his aspirations figure, and were next to him to the last days. The scientific novelty lies introduction into the discourse of new details on the life of Ismail Gaspirali, which can be used in comprising his scientific biography, as well as further research of ideological-aesthetic views of Gaspirali and his supporters. The acquired results contribute augment the existing knowledge on versatile personality of Ismail Gaspirali, as well as positively affect modern research on his persona.
Semantic representation of the concept of “fairness” in the sense of “honesty” in of modern politicians (based on English and Russian journalistic texts)
Authors: Shatilova Lyubov' Mikhailovna , Potashova Anastasiya Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2020

The goal of this work consists in semantic analysis of the synonyms of the concept of “fairness” in the sense of "honesty" in speech of English-language and Russian-language modern politicians. The subject of this research is the semantics of lexemes representing the concept of honesty in speech of English and Russian politicians. The existing gaps in comparative linguistics with regards to comparative analysis of the concept of “fairness” and its semantic component in English and Russian journalistic texts define the relevance of this article. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt of comparative analysis of the semantic component of the synonyms of core lexemes of “fairness/honesty”, and their functionality in speech of modern politicians reflected in journalistic texts. In English and Russian languages, the concept of “fairness” is described by the following terms: honesty, law, objectivity, truth. The author conducts comparative analysis of semantics of the synonyms of the concept of fairness in the sense of “honesty”. It was established that in English and Russian journalistic texts featuring the speech of modern English and Russian politicians, honesty implies not only an honest attitude towards something, but also moral, professional, and social dignity that inspires respect, as well as informedness of society on the key decisions, freedom of opinion. Honesty is also openness of borders; willingness to consider ideas and opinions that differ from personal; certain rules and measures that do not lead to unworthy or unacceptable results, as well as an independent decision of the highest authorities. However, in speech of English-speaking politicians, honesty carries rather a legal character, as well as social justice; while in speech of Russian-speaking politicians, honesty means failure to commit immoral, antisocial doings, as well; as being honest first and foremost with yourself.
In the center of a circle: poetics of space in Dante’s “Divine Comedy” and H. Melville’s novel “Moby-Dick, or The Whale”
Authors: Dulina Anna Viktorovna
Published: September 2020

This article is dedicated to the analysis of peculiarities of space arrangement in the “Divine Comedy” by Alighieri and the novel Moby-Dick, or The Whale” by Herman Melville. On the examples of structural mythologemes “journey inside yourself” and “path towards the center of a circle”, present in both works, the author notes the impact of Dante upon Melville and determines the differences in their poetics of space. Structural, semantic and comparative-historical analysis of the texts in question allows speaking of the transformation of symbolism of the images of circle and its center, circular, vertical and horizontal movement, as well as reconsideration of meaning of the category of chaos and order, opposition “internal-external” from Dante’s works to worldview of the authors of the era of Romanticism. The novelty of this work consists in simultaneous analysis of the impact of Dante’s poetry upon Melville and comparison of peculiarities of the poetics of space of both authors for determining fundamental changes in representations of the structure of world space and space of the inner world of a person. In artistic realm of H. Melville, symbolic point of the center of a circle – “center of the world” –is no longer static, it becomes unreliable, depicting heads of madman characters and the images of the objects, which semantics does not resemble the concept of emptiness. The motif of the loss of structuredness along with the motif of mutual reciprocity of spatial dimensions and characteristics distinguish Melville’s poetics of space, delineated in the dialogue with distinct features of space arrangement in Dante’s works.
Opposition “living – lifeless” and antique imagery in “Tales and Trials of Love” by Jeanne Flore
Authors: Papadopulo Maria
Published: September 2020

This article examines the previously unstudied aspects of the concept of true love in “Tales and Trials of Love” by Jeanne Flore based on the material of second novel in the compilation. The subject of this research is the ancient images, which reflect the central topics of the book – role of sensuality and dangers caused by it. A detailed analysis is conducted on the opposition “living – lifeless”, which is structured through the motifs of sight, word, kiss and image of a human-statue. Within the new concept of true love, which dictates to reciprocate the feelings of those seeking love, the danger hides not sensuality, but in resisting it. The novella in question stands out in the compilation, as it is the only “tale” which focus falls on sensorics to convey a warning. Special attention is given to the images of eyes and mouth, which mark the boundary between external and internal, and play the key role in the motif of poisoning. When does a fatal act takes place? When “lifeless" is behind the living (which can be achieved only by witchcraft), and the other way around. Using the ancient images, Jeanne Flore demonstrates how a sight and words of the heroes can be poisonous and upon contact with the Other can translate characteristics of the hero’s inner world (such as indifference, static character, lifelessness) to others, thereby "poisoning" them to death. This article is first to analyze the opposition of “living – lifeless” on the material of references to ancient mythology in “Love and Trials of Love”, which defines the scientific novelty.
Poetology of Vyktor Ivaniv
Authors: Zhitenev Aleksandr
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the corpus of auto-reflexive texts of the contemporary poet Vyktor Ivaniv – his research, essayistic, literary-critical writings. The goal consists in reconstruction of V. Ivaniv’s poetology, which implies the system of representations on ultimate characteristics of poetry, poeticity, and poetic. It is established that poetological system of V. Ivaniv can be described as an example of radicalization of “magic” intentions of historical avant-garde. The novelty of V. Ivaniv consists in reassessment of the ideas of transformation of the world using such term as “utopic”. Having determined the genetic affinity of the constructs of Russian avant-gardists with the ideas of Nicholas of Cusa, Rene Descartes and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Ivaniv highlights their rootedness in the traditions of European rationalism. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive analysis, which allows restoring a universal system of representations on poetry based on the comparison of texts belonging to different types of discourse. Formulation of aesthetic principles in Ivaniv’s works is inseparable from philological reflection over the nature of symbol and its typology. Analyzing the principles of the construction of image at different stages of the establishment of avant-garde mentality, V. Ivaniv creates the concept of iconic symbol as a substitute of the event and a semantic operator, which replaces false meanings with true ones. According to Ivaniv, transgressive introduction to the truth of being – ecstatic and dangerous – comprises the essence of the poetic.
Application of cross-system method in translation of criminal procedure terminology from Russian to English
Authors: Britsyna Nastasia M. , Kovshikova Ekaterina V. , Tatarinov Matvey K.
Published: September 2020

This article presents the results of analysis of application of cross-system methods in conveying Russian criminal law and criminal procedure realias in English. The specific examples of Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation illustrate substantial discrepancies in the existing within Russian criminal law systems and Anglo-American type of criminal law system, which cause most difficulties in translation of relevant terminology from Russian into English. Leaning on the considered linguistic and extralinguistic factors, the authors suggest the original solutions of the set communicative tasks. The scientific novelty is substantiated by the absence of the official English version of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, while the need for the corresponding paperwork (request for legal assistance, extradition request, etc.) is significantly growing. The following conclusions are made: criminal procedure discourse of Russian-language and English-language community constructs different and most of the time nonequivalent models of legal reality, which increases the value of comparative jurisprudence for the translator; at the same time, detailed analysis of not only the direct structure of common law and continental law systems, but also methods of their verbalization, allows comprising a more precise portrait of linguistic persona to have an idea of their experience, worldview, thesaurus and other cultural-specific peculiarities that are essential for improving efficiency of communication.      
Change of perceptions of the image of the future among youth
Authors: Shilova Natalia Petrovna , Brudanov Pavel Petrovich
Published: September 2020

This article describes the results of research carried out among youth for determining the perceptions of the image of the future. The image of the future is a dynamic psychological state that sets a vector of life and self-organization of individuals, and serves as the basis for projecting the development of personality and resources, essential for realization of its life path. Leaning on the analysis of existing perceptions of the image of the future suitable for youth, it was established that it relates to the perception of life as a dependent on the subject of activity, which correlates with independence, self-control, acceptance of social roles and emotional self-esteem. The author assumes that there are three key strategies in description of the image of the future for young men and women: planning, description of emotional relationships, and self-determination. The research involved total of 1,538 respondents (610 male and 928 female, aged 14-28. The classical methodology developed by I. S. Kon “Me in 5 Years” served as the main method for this study. Images of the future for young men and women contain both, different and similar strategies. Young women receiving vocational education see their future through planning, and the ones studying in high school and universities – through self-determination. Young men who study in high school and universities see their future through emotional relationships, and students of vocational education – through self-determination. This implies that namely the level of educational institution (school, university, vocational education) allows forming certain gender differences in the image of the future.
Manifestation of self-determination in personal, activity and social self-realization of students
Authors: Borzova Tatyana Vladimirovna , Plotnikova Elena Sergeevna
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the manifestation of self-determination in personal, activity and social self-realization of students. The goal consists in examination of correlation of the parameters of self-determination with personal, activity and social self-realization of students. The research methodology contains the concepts and theories of the following sholars: E. Deci and R. Ryan (people are able to become self-determined when their need for autonomy is fulfilled); D. A. Leontiev (self-determination as the superior form of self-regulation); S. L. Rubinstein (self-determination as an internal condition of activity for self-determination); A. Maslow and K. Rogers (self-realization as a process of personal growth); S. I. Kudinov (polysystemic model of self-realization). The empirical methods of research included: “Test for Self-Determination” of E. N. Osin – modification of the scale of self-determination of K. Sheldon; “Test for Life Meaningful Orientation” of D. A. Leontiev; “Ability to Self-governance” of N. M. Peysakhov; “Questionnaire on Self-Realization” of S. I. Kudinov; “Test for Self-Actualization” of L. Y. Gozman and M. V. Kroz. The result of the conducted research consists in determination of a positive correlation of the meaningfulness of life and self-expression with all types of self-realization. However, in consideration of the link between self-expression and personality, activity and social self-realization following pattern was established: self-expression on high and low levels has a tendency towards decline of the indicators of self-realization; while the average level of self-expression demonstrates higher indicators of personal and activity self-realization of the respondents.
Mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility: psychological-psychoanalytical perspective
Authors: Mordas Ekaterina Sergeevna , Ivanova Irina Nikolaevna
Published: September 2020

The subject of this research is the mother-daughter relationship and the image of a mother among women with psychogenic infertility. The object of this research is the child-parent relationship in women’s development. There is a small number of studies that indirectly confirm the correlation between distressed relationship of a woman with her mother in childhood and the genesis of psychogenic infertility. Women with psychogenic infertility usually had conflicting, ambivalent and unstable relationships with their mother in childhood, particularly in puberty period. Often, the image of the mother is subconsciously imprinted in woman’s psyche, affects her stance on motherhood, even if this image has nothing in common with the actual relationship in the dyad. This article describes the aspect of proneness to conflict and aggression in mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility. The novelty of this research consists in formulation of a theoretical model of development (psychogenesis) of mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility from psychoanalytical perspective. One of the elements of such model are the hostile and conflicting mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility. The acquired results demonstrate that women with psychogenic infertility consider their mothers averse and less accepting than women without such disorder. They perceive their mother as showing enough emotions, care and love, or have memories of hostility and aggression towards them in childhood. Women with psychogenic infertility were impacted by lack of maternal attention than women without this disorder. Women with psychogenic infertility are characterized with avoidance and ambivalent type of affection for their mother and are more likely to view maternal deprivation as an unfair circumstance in life.
Executive Function Intervention in Autism: A Case Study Approach
Authors: Dey Srabasti , Banerjee Mallika
Published: September 2020

Executive Functioning is a repertoire of a number of complex brain (frontal lobe) abilities that helps to perform goal-directed daily activities with ease. In most of the time this function remains discretely unnoticed because it becomes so typical with human daily activities like planning, working memory functions, set shifting, sequencing etc. unless there is a difficulty in performing such task requiring executive skills. Research has demonstrated that deficits in executive functions are a robust correlate of autism. The present study aims to bring out the efficacy of executive skills, ways of intervening such skills in autism and to figure out the effect of such intervention in their daily life activities. Case study approach has been selected as the methodology. Two cases have been selected and the sessions were conducted on individual basis. Apart from this, case history and observation in both home setting and in formal session has been considered to analyse the data. Sessions were conducted in one to one interaction to determine intellectual impairment of the cases by performance box of Colored Progressive Matrices and to determine baseline measure of executive functioning, Tower of London is used. Intervening sessions were conducted by using several equipment and other daily tasks requiring such skills are enquired and observed. Also post intervening sessions were conducted to see the transfer of training. The result showed progress in carrying out activities requiring executive skills involving planning, mental set shifting and working memory and transfer of training is remarkable in mental set shifting task. The present study left a further chance of investigating the scope of trainability of executive functioning in autism considering large number of participants.