bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grey and White Matter alterations in Obsessive-Compulsive Personality disorder: a Data Fusion Machine Learning approach
Authors: Arena Lorenzo , Peñate Wenceslao , Rivero Francisco , Marrero Rosario J. , Olivares Teresa , Scarano Alessandro , Fumero Ascensión , Grecucci Alessandro
Published: January 2025

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is a complex mental condition marked by excessive perfectionism, orderliness, and rigidity, often starting in adolescence or early adulthood; it affects 1.9–7.8% of the population. The disorder differs from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) for an apparent compromise of personality, distorted self-representation and altered perception of others. Although the two disorders present evident differences, unlike OCD, the neural bases of OCPD are understudied. The few studies conducted so far have identified grey matter alterations in brain regions such as the striatum and prefrontal cortex, but a comprehensive model of its neurobiology, and the eventual contribution of white matter abnormalities, are still unclear. One intriguing hypothesis is that regions ascribed to the Default Mode Network are involved in OCPD, similar to what has been shown for OCD and other anxiety disorders. To test this hypothesis, the grey and white matter images of 30 individuals diagnosed with OCPD (73% female, mean age = 29.300), and 34 healthy matched controls (82% female, mean age = 25.599) were analyzed with a data fusion unsupervised machine learning method known as Parallel Independent Component Analysis (pICA) to detect the joint contribution of these modalities to the OCPD diagnosis. Results indicated that two gray matter networks (GM5 and GM23) and one white matter network (WM25) differed between the OCPD and the control group. GM5 included brain regions belonging to the Default Mode Network and Salience Network, and was significantly correlated with anxiety; GM-23 included portions of the cerebellum, the precuneus, and the fusiform gyrus; WM-25 included white matter portions adjacent to Default Mode Network regions. These findings shed new light on the grey and white matter contributions to OCPD and may pave the way to developing objective markers of this disorder.
Generation of cross-polarized light and the effect of magnetic moments on plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Motogaito Atsushi , Egawa Natsuki , Hiramatsu Kazumasa
Published: January 2025

There have been many reports on the generation of cross-polarized light in the infrared-to-radio-wave regions, but few reports on the generation of cross-polarized light in the visible region because this would require fabricating metasurfaces that consist of structures smaller than the wavelength in the visible region. In this study, we aimed to realize a circular polarization conversion element using a reflective plasmonic metasurface that generates cross-polarized light across a wide band of short visible wavelengths. To achieve this, we designed an aluminum (Al)-based reflective plasmonic metasurface and investigated a cross-polarization conversion mechanism by analyzing the role of the magnetic moment in the electromagnetic field distribution. The metasurface, which is composed of Al rectangular structures, demonstrated a reflectance of 62% for circularly cross-polarized light within the range of 450–600 nm on the visible spectrum, and co-polarized light was notably absent in this wavelength region. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of the magnetic moment in the generation of cross-polarized light. Specifically, a magnetic moment is induced on the surface of the Al rectangular structures, where the electric field is concentrated at the ends of their longer sides. This concentration extends the distance over which the current flowing through the rectangle is propagated, thereby enhancing the magnetic moment generated along the shorter sides. As a result, a significant phase delay is introduced, which enables an efficient cross-polarization conversion. In conclusion, we clarified the method and mechanism for generating cross-polarized light over a wide band in the short visible wavelengths of light.
Heterogeneity and plasticity of the naïve CD4+ T cell compartment
Authors: Lines J. Louise , Sajani Alia , Schaafsma Evelien , Croteau Walburga , ElTanbouly Mohamed , Nowak Elizabeth , Cheng Chao , Burns Christopher , Turk Mary , NOELLE RANDOLPH J.
Published: January 2025

While naïve CD4+ T cells have historically been considered a homogenous population, recent studies have provided evidence that functional heterogeneity exists within this population. Using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), we identify five transcriptionally distinct naïve CD4+ T cell subsets that emerge within the single positive stage in the thymus: a quiescence cluster (TQ), a memory-like cluster (TMEM), a TCR reactive cluster (TTCR), an IFN responsive cluster (TIFN), and an undifferentiated cluster (TUND). Elevated expression of transcription factors KLF2, Mx1, and Nur77 within the TQ, TIFN, and TMEM clusters, respectively, allowed enrichment of these subsets for further analyses. Functional studies using sorted cells revealed that naïve T cell subsets have distinctive functional biases upon stimulation. Furthermore, treatment of mice with inflammatory stimuli imparted a state of reduced responsiveness on naïve T cells, evidenced by a reduction in cytokine production ex vivo. In human lupus patients, naïve CD4+ T cell cluster frequencies were distorted, with the TIFN cluster expanding proportionately with disease score. Our data show that naïve T cells are influenced by host environment, with functional consequences manifesting upon activation. These findings highlight a need to explore how naïve T cells can become distorted in cancer, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases.
Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and associated health risks of foodborne pathogens in street foods sold in elementary schools, Yaounde, Cameroon
Authors: Tanyitiku Mary Nkongho , Agwanande Wilson , Teh Exodus Akwa , Laison Royas Mawe , Petcheu Igor Casimir Njombissie
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Street foods are an affordable source of nutrition in Cameroon; however, their association with microbial pathogens poses significant risks to public health. We investigated 160 street food samples sold within elementary schools for the presence of foodborne pathogens and also the antimicrobial resistance of cultured-confirmed bacteria isolates.
Results: The total viable count of seven (bread, spaghetti, fish, peanuts, eggs, beef, pepper) of eight street foods (except beans sauce) were >105cfu/g and indicated unsatisfactory levels for human consumption. Also, 16 bacteria pathogens with at least one in each street food were identified: E. coli was the most prevalent 47.50% (76/160), followed by Staphylococcus aureus 39.37% (63/160) in foods such as beef 80% (16/20) and bread 85% (17/20). Salmonella spp. 32.50% (52/160), Campylobacter spp. 14.37% (23/160) and Shigella spp. 23.75% (38/160) were largely isolated in eggs 60% (12/20), 35% (7/10), and pepper 40% (8/20) sauces respectively. Furthermore, except E. coli, all bacteria isolates were highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Yersinia enterocolitica was the most susceptible to ciprofloxacin 90.90% (10/11), tetracycline 81.81% (9/11), gentamicin 81.81% (5/11), and chloramphenicol 90.09% (10/11). Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter spp., and E. coli were highly resistant to chloramphenicol 90.47% (57/63), tetracycline 82.60% (19/23), gentamicin 81.57% (62/76), and vancomycin 64.47% (49/76), respectively.
Effects of histidine and metformin on the risk of diabetic nephropathy and its influence pathway in a female population: A cross-sectional study in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Luo Wei-Ming , Ma Yuan-Yuan , Liu Hui-Ying , Xie Peng-Zhe , Zhang Wei , Zheng Jun , Fang Zhong-Ze , Zhang Qiang
Published: January 2025

Objective
This study explored the effect of histidine on the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy in different sex populations and its specific possible pathway, as well as the influence of metformin on the pathway.
Methods
This study retrieved 1031 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and performed a cross-sectional study at the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University in Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China. We used stepwise logistic regression to analyze the association between histidine and diabetic nephropathy in the general population and in sex-stratified populations. Mediating effect analysis was used to explore the specific pathway of this relationship in the female population.
Results
The protective effect of histidine on diabetic nephropathy was influenced by sex and was significant in women (univariable: OR: 0.68 (95% CI: 0.5,0.93), multivariable: OR: 0.54 (95% CI: 0.38,0.78)). The specific pathway of its effect was partly through affecting tryptophan metabolism.
Conclusions
The protective effect of histidine against diabetic nephropathy in the female population was stronger than that in the general population and was negatively affected by metformin. This helps us pay more attention to the clinical nutritional and preventive value of histidine and tryptophan in female diabetic patients.
The Importance of Paranasal Tomography in Planning Septorhinoplasty
Authors: TECİMER SEVİLAY HANÇER , EMEKLİ ZEYNEP İSKENDER , TEKİN PINAR , ÇİMEN AYLA ÖZAYDOĞDU
Published: January 2025

Objectives
This study aims to emphasize the importance of paranasal tomography imaging before septorhinoplasty surgery. Preoperative evaluation of nasal bone structure, medial and lateral bone thickness will be a plan for the surgical approach.
Method
Paranasal sinus tomographies of 200 patients who were planned to undergo septorhinoplasty were examined retrospectively. Bilateral nasal bone length, medial and lateral bone thickness, pyriform aperture width and height were measured.
Results
The mean thickness of the right lateral osteotomy line was 1,66 mm in males and 1,54 mm in females, left lateral osteotomy line 1,67 mm in males and 1,54 mm in females. The mean thickness of the medial osteotomy line was 1,68 mm in males and 1,58 mm in females. The mean length of the nasal bone was 22,78 mm in males and 24,27 mm in females. The mean width of the pyriform aperture was 20,49 mm in males and 20,49 mm in females. The mean height of the pyriform aperture was 35,54 mm in males and 33,93 mm in females. The mean length of the right lateral nasal bone was 24,81 mm in males and 21,14 mm in females, the left lateral nasal bone was 23,91 mm in males and 20,63 mm in females.
Conclusion
This study contributed to the determination of morphological characteristics of the Turkish population by revealing data on nasal bone structure, piriform aperture width and height. Knowing the thickness of the nasal bone and applying appropriate force during osteotomy can prevent the complications. There is no study in the literature measuring lateral nasal bone length. Our research measured right and left lateral bone length for the first time. We believe that this information is important in planning osteotomy for septorhinoplasty operation.
Diffusion of innovation of RET’s renewable energy technologies in transition economies using diffusion models. (Case for Germany and Western Balkan countries)
Authors: Shaqe Erlet
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to highlight how the diffusion of innovative new RET’s renewable energy technologies, such as solar and wind, in Western Balkan countries as transition economies, could have a significant impact on reaching the EU Green Deal energy transition targets of "no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050” and the Paris Agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and transition of these economies to low-carbon development paths [1]. The purpose of this analysis is to present sufficient evidence regarding the reliability and viability of the adapted renewable energy technologies, specifically solar PV and wind technologies. Additionally, it aims to assess the diffusion of innovation in these technologies and predict the extent to which the growth of these innovative technologies is contributing to the achievement of national energy transition objectives for Western Balkan countries. This research will utilize diffusion models dual phase logistic (bi-logistic) and Gompertz for the objective of analysing the adoption and forecasting RET’s wind and solar PV, since it has been shown to be effective in previous research studies [2]. The proposed methodology will be utilized to examine the cumulative capacity (measured in megawatts MW) of renewable energy technologies (RETs) wind and solar PV throughout the previous ten-year period for WB6 and from 1990 for Germany. The utilization diffusion models simulation scenarios will enable the projection of solar PV and wind technologies penetration up until the year 2035 and 2050.
Capitalismo, tecnología, cultura y dialéctica del dolor
Authors: Valdés Barragán Jorge Luis , Abella Llantén Jair , Peñafiel Meza Jesús Santiago
Published: January 2025

La sociedad moderna enfrenta una compleja red de desafíos, avances tecnológicos y cambios culturales que han transformado cómo se experimenta y se comprende el dolor. Byung-Chul Han, filósofo surcoreano, argumenta que el capitalismo carece de una narrativa de la vida buena. Este artículo examina cómo el sufrimiento humano se manifiesta, se interpreta y se aborda en un mundo en constante evolución, influenciado por un sistema económico peculiar y complejo. En ese sentido, se exploran las diversas facetas de la dialéctica del dolor en la sociedad actual, desde la interacción entre el avance tecnológico y el sufrimiento humano hasta las diferencias culturales en la percepción del dolor, especialmente en el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19.
A Volumetric Deep Architecture to Discriminate Parkinsonian Patterns from Intermediate Pose Representations
Authors: Portilla Jean , Rangel Edgar , Guayacán Luis , Martínez Fabio
Published: January 2025

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, with over 6.2 million registered cases. Gait analysis plays a fundamental role in evaluating motor abnormalities associated with this disease. However, current methods, such as marker-based systems, are intrusive and expert-dependent. Markerless alternatives, like video sequence analysis, have been proposed, but they tend to provide overall classification scores and lack the ability to interpret joint kinematics in detail. An innovative technique is presented using volumetric convolutional networks that can learn intermediate postural patterns and distinguish between Parkinson’s patients and control subjects. This approach utilizes OpenPose activations and then applies hierarchical convolution to minimize classification. In tests conducted with 14 Parkinson’s patients and 16 control subjects, this method achieved a classification accuracy of 98%.
Cultura culinaria y diseño. Reflexiones para la creación de cartografías comunitarias
Authors: Ascuntar Rivera María Cristina , Gómez Alzate Adriana
Published: January 2025

La cultura culinaria abarca un amplio espectro de manifestaciones, hábitos, expresiones y prácticas tradicionales relacionadas con la alimentación, que otorgan sentido de identidad y pertenencia a los individuos, sus comunidades y su entorno. Por otro lado, el diseño como disciplina creativa, ha permitido visibilizar y experimentar diversas posibilidades a lo largo de su evolución y construcción continua. En ese contexto, el presente artículo tiene como propósito establecer un diálogo entre los principios de la cultura culinaria, representados en las dimensiones del sistema culinario, y la acción del diseño con un enfoque social, comprensivo, participativo y colaborativo. En principio, se reflexiona sobre los tres pilares del sistema culinario, propuestos desde el ámbito de la política pública: 1) el cultivo, obtención y valoración de los alimentos; 2) la transformación de los alimentos, y 3) consumo de los alimentos. Posteriormente, se extrapolan los conceptos entre las tradiciones culinarias y el diseño, adoptando una perspectiva interdisciplinaria y transdisciplinaria. En general, se identifican paralelismos y confluencias que, en una siguiente instancia, conducen a la propuesta de bases para la creación de cartografías comunitarias. Estas cartografías se convierten en nuevas posibilidades para documentar el patrimonio culinario, a través de acciones prospectivas mediadas por el diseño.
Logro educativo en bachilleres de Colombia y su relación con felicidad, empatía y resiliencia
Authors: Murillo Rojas Claudia Janneth , González Medina Mario Alberto
Published: January 2025

Distintos factores emocionales se han relacionado con el logro educativo, ya que este es un aspecto relevante que permite mejorar la calidad educativa del estudiantado. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la relación entre felicidad, empatía y resiliencia con el logro educativo. Se trató de un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y correlacional. La muestra incluyó 7,522 estudiantes de bachillerato en Colombia que participaron en el Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de los Estudiantes (PISA). Se empleó el cuestionario contextual para medir los factores asociados y determinar su validez y confiabilidad. El logro se midió a través de los resultados de lectura, matemáticas y ciencias, cuyo modelo teórico se analizó mediante ecuaciones estructurales. El resultado mostró una relación directa y positiva entre cada uno de los factores con el logro. Por lo tanto, en la medida en que aumentan los factores de felicidad, empatía y resiliencia, se mejora el logro educativo.
Hombre-organización. Apuntes desde Erich Fromm para comprender la producción de la subjetividad contemporánea
Authors: Botero Bernal Andrés , Aguirre Román Javier Orlando , Almeyda Sarmiento Juan David
Published: January 2025

El hombre-organización es un concepto propuesto por Fromm, pero poco trabajado por él o por la teoría psicoanalítica en general; sin embargo, cuando se le interpreta en relación con el resto de la filosofía frommiana, cobra un sentido distinto al de ser una mera referencia en uno de sus ensayos. Por ello, la presente investigación, que parte del método bibliográfico-documental con enfoque hermenéutico, tiene por objetivo demostrar el modo en que dicho concepto se relaciona con el resto del proyecto del psicoanálisis social de Fromm. Para ello, el artículo se divide en tres partes: la primera desarrolla la idea del carácter destructivo y su vínculo con el hombre-organización; la segunda enlaza el mismo concepto con el síndrome de decadencia; y la tercera profundiza en la obediencia incondicional y la manera en que caracteriza el concepto en cuestión. Todo esto permite demostrar cómo el hombre-organización puede ser comprendido como un tipo de subjetividad que surge entre el tránsito del capitalismo fordista tradicional a una nueva comprensión del ser humano como empresa de sí.
Temas coyunturales, desafíos estructurales para la Cooperación Internacional
Authors: Blanco-Rangel Ibelis
Published: January 2025

Finaliza el 2024, por ello se propone una edición no temática que da cuenta del mundo convulso. Aborda temas tan diferentes como la situación en Ucrania; la migración internacional que recibe India frente de mujeres nepalíes; así como prácticas artísticas, un instrumento de la cooperación internacional por mencionar algunos.  
El enfoque epistemológico de cada investigación da cuenta que en medio de la diversidad es posible encontrar un denominador común: los temas coyunturales son un desafío estructural a nivel político, social y económico, en un contexto post pandemia. Por esta razón, invitamos a los lectores a formular interrogantes, a cuestionar los planteamientos formulados e incluso a identificar la relación con otras investigaciones publicadas en nuestra revista.
Sustainable Water Management for Steam Generation in Sugarcane Biorefineries: Applying PCA and MST Clustering in Sample Analysis
Authors: S. Souza Érik Geraldo , M. V. Pereira Fabiola
Published: January 2025

Our study on sustainable water management in sugarcane biorefineries, which utilizes water
as a primary resource for generating bioenergy through steam production, has employed a novel
approach. High water quality is crucial for optimal efficiency, particularly in boiler operations. We
have utilized unsupervised methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and minimum
spanning tree (MST), alongside instrumental analysis data, to assess water quality in steam
production. The PCA exploratory analysis identified three distinct clusters, with the relevant
variables being conductivity and SiO2 content, to differentiate the purity of a dataset of 120 samples.
MST-based clustering corroborated the PCA findings, forming three clusters: sample 1 represented
the purest water, while samples 3 and 6 were in different clusters, indicating less purity in boiler
feedwater. These unsupervised methods are highly effective, providing accurate and reliable data
analysis and significantly benefiting sugarcane biorefineries by eliminating subjective biases. The
findings of this study promise to improve water management practices in sugarcane biorefineries,
leading to more efficient and sustainable operations.
A Review on Branched-Chain Amino Acid Aminotransferase (BCAT) Inhibitors: Current Status, Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Zhang Xiansheng , Zhu Xinyuan , Li Yong , Li Yan , Luo Wen , Khan Maaz , Pan Jiamin , Pan Hong , Xie Hua , Zhao Guilong
Published: January 2025

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids for humans
and play an indispensable role in many physiological and pathological processes.
Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase (BCAT) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the
metabolism of BCAAs. BCAT is upregulated in many cancers and implicated in the development
and progress of some other diseases, such as metabolic and neurological diseases;
and therefore, targeting BCAT might be a potential therapeutic approach for these
diseases. There are two isoforms of BCAT, i.e., cytoplasmic BCAT1 (or BCATc) and
mitochondrial BCAT2 (or BCATm). The discovery of BCAT inhibitors was initiated by
Warner-Lambert, a subsidiary of Pfizer, in 2000, followed by many other pharmaceutical
companies, such as GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Ergon, Icagen, Agios, and Bayer.
Strategies of high-throughput screening (HTS), DNA-Encoded library technology
(ELT), and fragment-based screening (FBS) have been employed for hit identification,
followed by structural optimization. Despite low selectivity, both BCAT1 and BCAT2
selective inhibitors were individually developed, each with a few chemical structural
classes. The most advanced BCAT1 inhibitor is BAY-069, discovered by Bayer, which
has a potent enzymatic inhibitory activity against BCAT1 and a decent in vitro and in
vivo pharmacokinetic profile but displayed weaker cellular inhibitory activity and almost
no anti-proliferative activity. There are no BCAT inhibitors currently under investigation
in clinical trials. Further studies are still needed to discover BCAT inhibitors with
a more druggable profile for proof of concept. This review focuses on the latest progress
of studies on the understanding of the physiology and pathology of BCAT and the discovery
and development of BCAT inhibitors. The structure-activity relationship (SAR)
and the druggability, and the challenges of BCAT inhibitors are discussed, with the aim
of inspiring the discovery and development of BCAT inhibitors in the future.
RNA Modification and Digestive Tract Tumors: A Review
Authors: Liu Yafeng , Zhang Shujun , Liu Kaijie , Gu Xinyu , Hu Xinjun
Published: January 2025

Gastrointestinal tumors, including colorectal and liver cancer, are among the
most prevalent and lethal solid tumors. These malignancies are characterized by worsening
prognoses and increasing incidence rates. Traditional therapeutic approaches often
prove ineffective. Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing and sophisticated
RNA modification detection technologies have uncovered numerous RNA chemical
alterations significantly associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, notably
cancer. These discoveries have opened new avenues for therapeutic intervention. This article
delves into epigenetic modifications, with a particular emphasis on RNA alterations
such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), 1-methyladenosine
(m1A), 7-methylguanosine (m7G), and N4-acetylcysteine (ac4C). It examines the functions
and mechanisms of action of regulatory entities known as “Writers,” “Readers,”
and “Erasers” to these modifications. Additionally, it outlines various methodologies for
detecting these RNA modifications. Conventional techniques include radioactive isotope
incorporation, two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (2D-TLC), mass spectrometry,
and immunological detection methods. Specialized methods such as bisulfite sequencing
and reverse transcription stops are also discussed. Furthermore, the article underscores
the significance of these modifications in the development, progression, and
therapeutic targeting of gastrointestinal tumors, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal,
liver, and pancreatic cancers. This exploration provides foundational insights for enhancing
diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and prognostic assessment in gastrointestinal
oncology.
Decoding a Million Genomes: Unveiling the Protein-Coding Landscape and Its Implications for Precision Medicine
Authors: Zhang Jinwei
Published: January 2025

The study by Sun et al. , which sequenced exomes from 983,578 individuals, provides
a comprehensive resource on protein-coding genetic variation. This commentary examines the key
findings, including rare biallelic variants and loss-of-function intolerant genes, while emphasizing
their implications for gene splicing, human knockouts, and disease-associated genes. Additionally,
we discuss how these insights propel advancements in precision medicine and suggest future research
directions, particularly in the study of non-coding DNA and regulatory RNAs at population
scales.
An Anticancer Bioactive Peptide Combined with Oxaliplatin Inhibited Gastric Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Li Xian , Kang Lihua , Han Wenyan , Su Xiulan
Published: January 2025

Background:

Gastric cancer has become one of the major diseases threatening human
health. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of an anticancer bioactive peptide (ACBP)
combined with oxaliplatin (OXA) on MKN-45, SGC7901, and NCI-N87 differentiated human gastric
cancer cells and GES-1 immortalized human gastric mucosal epithelial cells. The therapeutic
effect and action mechanism of short-term intermittent ACBP combined with OXA on nude mice
with human gastric cancer were also investigated.

Methods:

The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of these agents in these cells were measured
by an MTT assay, and cell morphological changes were observed by H&E staining. The expression
of Lin28, miR-107, miR-609, and Let-7 in these four cell lines was determined by q-PCR
after drug treatment. Lin28 protein expression in these four cell lines treated with these drugs was
measured by western blotting. Furthermore, activity and quality of life were observed daily in all
tumor-bearing nude mice, and the expression of Lin28 in tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry
and RT-PCR.

Results:

The results showed that ACBP inhibited the proliferation of MKN-45, SGC7901, and
NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and weakly suppressed the proliferation
of GES-1 cells. Moreover, its inhibitory effect on proliferation was stronger in poorly differentiated
gastric cancer cells. ACBP, OXA, and the combination upregulated Lin28 gene expression in
MKN-45 cells and downregulated it in SGC7901 and GES-1 cells. ACBP and the combination
therapy downregulated Let-7 expression in MKN-45 cells and upregulated Let-7 expression in
SGC7901 cells. The combination of ACBP with OXA demonstrated significant anticancer sensitization.
Moreover, it also significantly improved the quality of life of tumor-bearing nude mice and
reduced the toxic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on nude mice.

Conclusion:

ACBP alone and in combination with oxaliplatin influenced the expression of tumor
stem cell marker gene Lin28 and regulated the expression of microRNAs specifically regulated by
Lin28. In addition, the anticancer effects and attenuated sensitization effects of ACBP may be related
to the Lin28/miRNA-107 signaling pathway, acting by inhibiting the proliferation of cancerous
stem cells. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for exploring the antitumor
mechanism of ACBP alone and combined with chemotherapeutic drugs.

other:

The completion of this project provides a scientific basis for exploring the antitumor mechanism of ACBP alone and combined with chemotherapeutic drugs.
Nanotechnology-Driven Approaches for Targeted Rectal Microbiome Modulation in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Dudhat Kiran
Published: January 2025

The gastrointestinal tract hosts a complex ecosystem of microorganisms, with rectum
playing a critical role in microbial diversity and health. This manuscript provides a comprehensive
overview of rectal microbes, their functions, and the latest technological advancements in studying
and manipulating these microorganisms for therapeutic purposes. Key microbial phyla in the rectum
include Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria, each contributing to essential
functions such as digestion, vitamin synthesis, and immune modulation. The growth mechanisms of
these microbes are influenced by nutrient availability, anaerobic conditions, pH levels, and microbial
interactions. Technological applications like probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, microbiome
analysis, and prebiotics are explored for their potential to enhance gut health. Novel treatments
incorporating nanoparticles offer targeted delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and controlled
release of therapeutic agents, paving the way for advanced and personalized interventions in gastrointestinal
medicine. Future directions include personalized medicine, microbiome-host interaction
studies, disease mechanism investigations, and synthetic biology approaches, aiming to harness the
full potential of rectal microbiota for disease prevention and health maintenance.
The Mechanism of 2-Methyl Valeric Acid Inhibiting Virulence Regulator Ser/Thr Phosphatase (Stp1) in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yang Yanan , Gao Yawen , Li Xuenan
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Increased resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) poses a significant
threat to disease control in animal husbandry and human public health. Eukaryotic-like Ser / Thr
phosphatase (Stp1) is an effective target for the regulation of bacterial virulence. In this study, potential
Stp1 inhibitors were screened through virtual screening, and the inhibitory mechanism of these
compounds was explored using molecular dynamics simulations.

Methods:

Virtual screening studies were performed using AutoDock vina 4.0 software. The SwissADME
server predicted the properties of chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion,
and toxicity (ADMET). Molecular dynamics simulation was performed using the Gromacs software
package, and molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) was calculated using
the Amber 10 package. The inhibition mechanism was verified using phosphatase, mutagenesis, and
fluorescence quenching assays.

Results:

The 2-methylvaleric acid from foods was found to be a competitive inhibitor of Stp1, based
on the kinetics of the enzymatic reaction and virtual screening. Molecular dynamics simulations
revealed that 2-methylvaleric acid binds to the active center of Stp1 and reduces enzyme activity by
competing with its substrate. Interestingly, the molecular modeling and kinetics of the enzymatic
reactions were consistent. Energy decomposition indicated that Met39, Thr102, Ile164, Val167, and
Thr170 played important roles in complex binding. Additionally, the SwissADME server showed
that 2-methylvaleric acid possesses drug-like properties.

Conclusion:

Therefore, 2-methylvaleric acid is a promising compound for further exploration because
of its potential to reduce S. aureus virulence. These findings are conducive to additional discovery
and design of new inhibitors.
Screening of Novel 1,2,4-triazine Clubbed 1,2,3-triazole Derivatives as Α-glucosidase Inhibitors: In Silico Study
Authors: Chaturvedi Neha , Bhattacharya Sushanta , Asati Vivek , Chtita Samir , Kaya Savaş , Almehizia Abdulrahman A. , Dubey Raghvendra
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

A new set of 1,2,4-triazine combined 1, 2, 3-triazole hybrids were designed
computationally for predicting anti-diabetic potential. All the derivatives taken for study exhibited
excellent anti-diabetic potential with significant IC50 values.

Methods:

The present research includes the development of pharmacophore models, 3D QSAR,
virtual screening, molecular docking, and evaluation of models based on certain criteria. The
DHRRR_1 showed the best pharmacophore model with a survival score of 5.9937. The 3D QSAR
analysis developed a model with the values of R2 = 0.9714 and Q2 = 0.7202. The binding pose and
affinity of the most potent compound, 10c, in the active site of α-glucosidase was investigated using
in-silico molecular docking analysis.

Results:

It was observed that compound 10c demonstrated promising binding affinity with a score of
-8.078 kcal/mol and exhibited binding interaction with the essential amino acids ASN301 and
LEU227. There were five compounds (1-5) that showed significant binding affinity towards the target
comprising active amino acids (ASH202, ASP333 and VAL335). The molecular dynamic study
showed the stability of ligand-protein binding interactions.

Conclusion:

The results of the present investigation can accelerate the optimization and reformation
of the latest anti-diabetic agents that target the α-glucosidase.
Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure versus High-Flow Nasal Cannula for the Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Aramesh Mohammad Reza , Majidinezjad Sahar , Dehdashtian Masoud , Malakian Arash , Mohammadi Shooka
Published: January 2025

Background:

There is no consensus regarding the comparison between nasal continuous
positive airway pressure (NCPAP) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in the treatment of respiratory
distress syndrome (RDS) among premature infants.

Objective:

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessed the efficacy of NCPAP compared to
HFNC for the treatment of preterm neonates with RDS.

Methods:

The study was conducted at Imam Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) among preterm neonates with
RDS and gestational ages ranging from 28 to 34 weeks. One hundred twenty preterm neonates
were randomly allocated to the HFNC or NCPAP groups (n = 60). Demographic and clinical characteristics
were collected.

Results:

This trial was carried out with 51 male and 69 female preterm neonates. There were no
substantial differences between the HFNC and NCPAP groups in gender distribution, occurrence
rates of premature rupture of membranes (PROM), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR), Cesarean delivery, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage
(IVH), pneumothorax, chronic lung disease (CLD), treatment failure, and mortality (P >
0.05). The mean body weight, gestational age, Apgar and RDS scores, duration of invasive mechanical
ventilation (IMV), length of oxygen therapy, hospitalization period, duration to reach full
feeding, arterial blood pH, or gas levels were not significantly different between the two groups.
However, the HFNC group exhibited a lower incidence of nasal trauma, required more surfactant
therapy, and had a longer duration of intervention compared to the NCPAP group.

Conclusion:

There were no significant differences between NCPAP and HFNC for the treatment
of RDS in preterm infants.
Anti-neuroinflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of T-006 on Alzheimer’s Disease Models by Modulating TLR4-Mediated MyD88/ NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Chen Haiyun , Chang Xiao , Zhou Jiemei , Zhang Guiliang , Cheng Jiehong , Zhang Zaijun , Xing Jieyu , Yan Chunyan , Liu Zheng
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Neuroinflammation derived from the activation of the microglia is considered
a vital pathogenic factor of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). T-006, a tetramethylpyrazine derivative,
has been found to alleviate cognitive deficits via inhibiting tau expression and phosphorylation in
AD transgenic mouse models. Recently, T-006 has been proven to dramatically decrease the levels
of total Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and suppress the expression
of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) in APP/PS1 mice. Therefore, we
have further investigated the effects of T-006 on neuroinflammation in AD-like pathology.

Methods:

The anti-inflammatory effects of T-006 and its underlying mechanisms were evaluated in
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AD rats. The potential protective effects against LPS-activated
microglia-mediated neurotoxicity were also measured.

Results:

T-006 significantly improved the cognitive impairment in LPS-induced AD rats by inhibiting
the microglia/astrocyte activation. Further cellular assays found that T-006 significantly reserved
the anomalous elevation of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells in a
concentration-dependent manner, while T-006 treatment alone showed no effects on the normal cultured
cells. T-006 also reduced the levels of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4)/Myeloid Differentiation
protein-88 (MyD88)/NF-κB signaling-related proteins in BV2 cells exposed to LPS stimulation.
TAK242, which selectively inhibits TLR4, slightly lessened the effects of T-006 in LPS-treatment
BV2 cells without significance. Importantly, T-006 protected neurons against LPS-induced neuroinflammation
by inhibiting the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and maintaining mitochondrial
function.

Conclusion:

T-006 inhibited TLR4-mediated MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways to suppress
neuroinflammation in the LPS-induced AD rat model.
Significance of Serum Magnesium in Parathyroid Hormone Level in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wang Jiali , Lin Yongda , Chen Xiutian , Li Hong-Yan , Tang Wenzhuang , Zhou Tianbiao
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, elevated parathyroid hormone
(PTH) is linked to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Levels of PTH are influenced by serum
phosphate (P) and calcium (Ca), but little is known about the impact of magnesium (Mg) on PTH.
Hence, this study investigated the relationship between PTH and Mg in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients
and non-dialysis patients from three hospitals in China.

Material and methods:

This cross-sectional study included 446 chronic kidney disease stage 5
(CKD5) patients from three hospitals in southern China. PTH was naturally transformed to
Ln_PTH for analysis. The chi-square test, Pearson correlation analysis, hierarchical regression
analysis, and t-test were used to explore the relationships between Ln_PTH and gender, diabetes
history, Mg, P, Ca, albumin (Alb), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC),
and platelet (Plt).

Results:

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) had lower levels of Ln_PTH in PD (P<0.05) and
non-dialysis (P>0.05) patients. Ln_PTH levels were negatively associated with Mg and Ca but
positively associated with P and Alb in PD patients (all P<0.05). Ln_PTH levels were negatively
associated with age but positively associated with P in non-dialysis patients (all P<0.05).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates the negative effect of Mg and diabetes on Ln_PTH levels in
CKD5 patients.
Neonatal Pain Management: Is There An Endocrinal Response?
Authors: Elfarargy Mohamed Shawky , Ahmad Ahmad Roshdy , Elbadry Dalia Hamdy
Published: January 2025

Neonates exhibit pain responses characterized by various endocrinal changes, including
alterations in cortisone and oxytocin serum levels, as well as physiological and emotional reactions.
The administration of neonatal pain management leads to the normalization of endocrine
hormones, including cortisone and oxytocin, which are affected by the presence of neonatal pain.
Diagnosing neonatal pain is complex; however, effective management is essential. An adequate
balance should be established between the analgesics used for pain management and their associated
side effects. Uncontrolled neonatal pain is correlated with delayed development with increased
neurologic insult. This review aims to examine the significance of neonatal pain, along with its
clinical and physical manifestations. It also explores strategies for managing neonatal pain, encompassing
both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, along with the particular medications
utilized in pharmacological interventions. This discussion includes various non-pharmacological
methods for managing neonatal pain. Additionally, this review examines methods for pain assessment.
The aim is to highlight the significance of pain in this vulnerable population and to promote
the implementation of diverse management strategies for neonatal pain to prevent serious yet
avoidable, adverse effects in neonates.
Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Pioneering New Treatment Frontiers
Authors: Shakya Rupendra , Sivakumar Ponnurengam Malliappan , Prabhakar Pranav Kumar
Published: January 2025

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia
and poses significant global health challenges. Conventional treatments, such as insulin
therapy and lifestyle modifications, have shown limited efficacy in addressing the multifactorial
nature of DM. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms
critical for metabolism and immune function, plays a pivotal role in metabolic
health. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in gut microbiota composition, has been linked to insulin resistance,
obesity, and DM. Gut microbiota influences glucose metabolism through mechanisms, including
short-chain fatty acid production, gut permeability regulation, and immune system interactions,
indicating a bidirectional relationship between microbial health and metabolism. Clinical
and experimental studies demonstrate that modulating gut microbiota through dietary interventions
(prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics) improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in DM
patients. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) has also shown promise in restoring healthy gut
microbiota and alleviating DM-related metabolic disturbances. However, challenges remain, including
the need for personalized treatments due to individual microbiota variability and the unknown
long-term effects of these interventions. Future research should focus on elucidating the
mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences metabolism and refining personalized approaches
to enhance DM management.
Identification of Biomarkers Related to Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation for Ulcerative Colitis Based on Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Transcriptome Sequencing Data
Authors: Lu Jicheng , Lu Xu , Chen Bin
Published: January 2025

Background:

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) is a process involved in the formation
of established organelles and various condensates that lack membranes; however, the relationship
between LLPS and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) remains unclear.

Aims:

This study aimed to comprehensively clarify the correlation between ulcerative colitis (UC)
and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS).

Objectives:

In this study, bioinformatics analyses and public databases were applied to screen and
validate key genes associated with LLPS in UC. Furthermore, the roles of these key genes in UC
were comprehensively analyzed.

Methods:

Based on the single-cell transcriptomic data of UC obtained from the Gene Expression
Omnibus (GEO) database, differences between patients with UC and their controls were compared
using the limma package. The single-cell data were then filtered and normalized by the ‘Seurat’
package and subjected to dimension reduction by the Uniform Manifold Approximation and
Projection (UMAP) algorithm. The LLPS-related genes (LLPSRGs) were searched on the Dr-
LLPS website to obtain cross-correlated genes, which were scored using the ssGSEA algorithm.
Next, functional enrichment, interaction network, immune landscape, and diagnostic and drug prediction
of the LLPSRGs were comprehensively explored. Finally, the results were validated using
external datasets and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results:

A total of eight cell types in UC were classified, namely, fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial
cells, neutrophils, NK cells, B cells, epithelial cells, and T cells. The intersection between
differently expressed genes (DEGs) among the eight cell types identified 44 key genes,
which were predominantly enriched in immune- and infection-related pathways. According to receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curves, PLA2G2A, GZMK, CD69, HSP90B1, and S100A11
reached an AUC value of 0.94, 0.95, 0.86, 0.89, and 0.93, respectively. Drug prediction revealed
that decitabine, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, tetradecanoylphorbol acetate, thapsigargin, and cisplatin
were the potential small molecular compounds for PLA2G2A, GZMK, CD69, HSP90B1, and
S100A11. Immune cell infiltration analysis demonstrated that the infiltration of CD4 memory T
cell activation, macrophage M1, T macrophage M0, neutrophils, and mast cell activation was higher
in the UC group than in the normal group

Conclusion:

The LLPSRGs play crucial roles in UC and can be used as prognostic and diagnostic
markers for UC. The current findings contribute to the management of UC.
Recent Advances in Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP)-Promoted C-C Bond Formation Reactions
Authors: Varala Ravi , Achari Kamsali Murali Mohan , Hussien Mohammed , Alam Mohammed Mujahid
Published: January 2025

Di-tert-butyl peroxide) is a commonly used organoperoxide in many oxidation transformations.
The primary factors contributing to the increasing usefulness of DTBP include its affordability,
eco-friendliness, exceptional efficacy, and capacity to substitute harmful or rare
heavy metal oxidants. In this decennial update, we thoroughly examined noteworthy C-C bond
formation reactions promoted by DTBP from 2014 till the present. This review centers on the
benefits and drawbacks of synthetic organic transformations using DTBP, as well as their extent
and underlying mechanisms.