bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loss of the heterogeneous expression of flippase ATP11B leads to cerebral small vessel disease in a normotensive rat model
Authors: Quick Sophie , Procter Tessa V. , Moss Jonathan , Seeker Luise , Walton Marc , Lawson Angus , Baker Serena , Beletski Anna , Garcia Daniela Jaime , Mohammad Mehreen , Mungall William , Onishi Ami , Tobola Zuzanna , Stringer Michael , Jansen Maurits A. , Vallatos Antoine , Giarratano Ylenia , Bernabeu Miguel O. , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Williams Anna
Published: May 2022

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is the leading cause of vascular dementia, causes a quarter of strokes, and worsens stroke outcomes. The disease is characterised by patchy cerebral small vessel and white matter pathology, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This microvascular and tissue damage has been classically considered secondary to extrinsic factors, such as hypertension, but this fails to explain the patchy nature of the disease, the link to endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction even when hypertension is absent, and the increasing evidence of high heritability to SVD-related brain damage. We have previously shown the link between deletion of the phospholipase flippase Atp11b and EC dysfunction in an inbred hypertensive rat model with SVD-like pathology and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ATP11B associated with human sporadic SVD. Here, we generated a novel normotensive transgenic rat model, where Atp11b is deleted, and show pathological, imaging and behavioural changes typical of those in human SVD, but that occur without hypertension. Atp11bKO rat brain and retinal small vessels show ECs with molecular and morphological changes of dysfunction, with myelin disruption in a patchy pattern around some but not all brain small vessels, similar to the human brain. We show that ATP11B/ATP11B is heterogeneously expressed in ECs in normal rat and human brain even in the same transverse section of the same blood vessel, suggesting variable effects of the loss of ATP11B on each vessel and an explanation for the patchy nature of the disease. This work highlights a link between inherent EC dysfunction and vulnerability to SVD white matter damage with a marked heterogeneity of ECs in vivo which modulates this response, occurring even in the absence of hypertension. These findings refocus our strategies for therapeutics away from antihypertensive (and vascular risk factor) control alone and towards ECs in the effort to provide alternative targets to prevent a major cause of stroke and dementia.
From first report to clinical trials: a bibliometric overview and visualization of the development of Angelman syndrome research
Authors: Zampeta F. Isabella , Distel Ben , Elgersma Ype , Iping Rik
Published: May 2022

Angelman syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations affecting the chromosomal 15q11-13 region, either by contiguous gene deletions, imprinting defects, uniparental disomy, or mutations in the UBE3A gene itself. Phenotypic abnormalities are driven primarily, but not exclusively (especially in 15q11-13 deletion cases) by loss of expression of the maternally inherited UBE3A gene expression. The disorder was first described in 1965 by the English pediatrician Harry Angelman. Since that first description of three children with Angelman syndrome, there has been extensive research into the genetic, molecular and phenotypic aspects of the disorder. In the last decade, this has resulted in over 100 publications per year. Collectively, this research has led the field to a pivotal point in which restoring UBE3A function by genetic therapies is currently explored in several clinical trials. In this study, we employed a bibliometric approach to review and visualize the development of Angelman syndrome research over the last 50 years. We look into different parameters shaping the progress of the Angelman syndrome research field, including source of funding, publishing journals and international collaborations between research groups. Using a network approach, we map the focus of the research field and how that shifted over time. This overview helps understand the shift of research focus in the field and can provide a comprehensive handbook of Angelman syndrome research development.
The diagnostic value of the pulsatility curve to predict shunt responsiveness in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: van Bilsen M. W. T. , van den Abbeele L. , Volovici V. , Boogaarts H. D. , Bartels R.H.M.A. , van Lindert E. J.
Published: May 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the pulsatility curve to predict shunt response in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

Methods

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid dynamics were derived from an automatic lumbar infusion test (LIT) protocol. All patients were treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunting and re-examined 6 months after shunting. Patient demographics and outcomes were gathered in a prospective, electronic database that spanned from January 2012 to January 2020. A validated iNPH scale was used to assess patients preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. The relationship of the relative pulse pressure coefficient (RPPC), delta amplitude, successful lowering of amplitude, and the pressure-value at a hypothetical amplitude of zero (P0), resistance to outflow (Rout), and outcome, were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

We included 38 patients. The RPPC, delta amplitude, successful lowering of amplitude, and P0 parameters did not predict shunt response. Mean P0 was 0.5 (IQR 0.4–0.9) in improved patients and 0.4 (IQR 0–1.2) in non-improved patients. The delta amplitude was 0.16 kPa (IQR 0.10–0.23) in improved patients and 0.18 kPa (IQR 0.11–0.24) in non-improved patients. Furthermore, we found a technical failure rate of pulsatility curve measurements of 32%.

Conclusion

Pulsatility curve results were not suitable in predicting shunt response in our cohort. The diagnostic value of LIT in case of normal pressure hydrocephalus should be subject to more rigorous research.
The role of context in identifying linkages between SDG 2 (food) and SDG 6 (water)
Authors: Su Han , Krol Maarten S. , Hogeboom Rick J.
Published: May 2022

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nation’s Agenda 2030 are formulated to promote the development of integrated, multisectoral policies that explicitly consider linkages across SDGs. Although multiple recent studies have tried to identify linkages across SDGs, the role of contextual factors in identifying SDG linkages is neither well described nor understood. For the case of SDG 2 and SDG 6, this study aims to (i) identify linkages—at country and SDG target level—through the application of various quantitative and qualitative identification methods, and (ii) explore contextual factors to explain the differences across identified linkages. Hereto, we first conducted a text analysis of 195 Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) reported by 159 countries from 2016 to 2020. Next, we synthesized linkages reported by previous qualitative studies and conducted a quantitative (correlation) analysis on the UN’s SDG database. Last, we compared identified linkages across methods, paying special attention to the role of context. From the text analysis, we identified 221 country-specific linkages between 25 SDG target pairs and observed that countries increasingly report SDG linkages in their VNRs over time. Comparing text analysis, existing qualitative studies, and our quantitative correlation analysis, we found substantial differences between the number and nature of linkages identified. These differences can be explained in part by methodological considerations, but to a significant extent also by contextual factors, such as project design, technology application, phase of interventions, and project scale. We conclude by discussing the strengths and limitations of the methods involved, and suggestions for future studies.
Leadcare® II Comparison with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Blood Lead Measurement in Peruvian Highlands
Authors: Rosales-Rimache Jaime , Chavez-Ruiz Manuel , Inolopú-Cucche Jorge , Rabanal-Sanchez Jhonatan , Rueda-Torres Lenin , Sanchez-Holguin Gloria
Published: May 2022

Peru is one of the countries with the highest lead contamination in the world. Biological monitoring has limitations due to the shortage of laboratories with validated methodologies for the measurement of blood lead, and it is necessary to use alternative methods for its measurement in high-altitude cities. We aimed to compare the blood lead levels (BLL) measured by the LeadCare II (LC) method and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS). We measured the BLL of 108 children from the city of La Oroya. The mean and median BLL for GF-AAS were 10.77 ± 4.18 and 10.44 µg/dL, respectively; for the LC method, the mean was 11.71 ± 4.28 and the median was 11.60 µg/dL. We found a positive linear correlation (Rho = 0.923) between both methods. Notwithstanding, the Wilcoxon test suggests a significant difference between both methods (ρ = 0.000). In addition, the Bland–Altman analysis indicates that there is a positive bias (0.94) in the LC method, and this method tends to overestimate the BLL. Likewise, we performed a generalized linear model to evaluate the influence of age and hemoglobin on BLL. We found that age and hemoglobin had a significant influence on BLL measured by the LC method. Finally, we used two non-parametric linear regression methods (Deming and Passing-Bablok regression) to compare the LC method with the GF-AAS. We found that these methods differ by at least a constant amount, and there would be a proportional difference between both. Although in general there is a positive linear correlation, the results of both methods differ significantly. Therefore, its use in cities located at high altitudes (higher than 2440 m.a.s.l.) would not be recommended.
Effect of scanner lens on lateral response artefact in radiochromic film dosimetry
Authors: Shameem Tarafder , Bennie Nick , Butson Martin , Thwaites David
Published: May 2022

Radiochromic film is a good dosimeter choice for patient QA for complex treatment techniques because of its near tissue equivalency, high spatial resolution and established method of use. Commercial scanners are typically used for film dosimetry, with Epson scanners being the most common. Radiochromic film dosimetry is not straightforward having some well-defined problems which must be considered, one of the main ones being the Lateral Response Artefact (LRA) effect. Previous studies showed that the contributing factors to LRA are from the structure of the active ingredients of the film and the components and construction of the flatbed scanner. This study investigated the effect of the scanner lens on the LRA effect, as part of a wider investigation of scanner design effects and uncertainties. Gafchromic EBT3 films were irradiated with 40 × 40 cm2 field size 6 MV beams. Films were analysed using images captured by a Canon 7D camera utilising 18 mm, 50 mm and 100 mm focal length lenses compared to images scanned with a conventional Epson V700 scanner. The magnitude of the LRA was observed to be dependent on the focal length of the lens used to image the film. A substantial reduction in LRA was seen with the use of the 50 mm and 100 mm lenses, by factors of 3–5 for the 50 mm lens and 4–30 for the 100 mm lens compared to conventional desktop scanner techniques. This is expected to be from the longer focal length camera lens system being able to collect more light from distant areas compared to the scanner-based system. This provides an opportunity to design film dosimetry systems that minimise this artefact.
The Use of Medications and Dietary Supplements by Masters Athletes — a Review
Authors: Harnett Joanna , Climstein Mike , Walsh Joe , Gifford Janelle
Published: May 2022

Purpose of Review

Masters athletes (MA) are generally considered healthier than their sedentary peers. However, the prevalence of chronic conditions in any population increases with age. Treatments involve pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. A substantial proportion of the general population also use dietary supplements (DS). This raises questions about the potential for drug-nutrient interactions which may lead to adverse effects. We sought to determine the potential for drug-nutrient interactions MA may be exposed to by examining the prevalence of chronic conditions treated with medications and their DS use.

Recent Findings

Common conditions in MA include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, asthma, osteoarthritis, depression and anxiety. Treatments may involve prescribed medications. Few recent studies were identified on DS use; however, indications are for around 60% prevalence of supplement usage.

Summary

The higher prevalence of DS use by MA may result in drug-nutrient interactions that impact the effectiveness and safety of prescribed medications for chronic conditions.
„Wer braucht diese Äpfel und Birnen?“ Wahrnehmung und Nutzung von Daten der Weiterbildungsstatistik durch weiterbildungspolitische Akteure
Authors: Widany Sarah , Gerhards Pia
Published: May 2022

Datenbasierung ist in den letzten Jahrzenten zu einem zentralen Bestandteil der output-orientierten Steuerung von Bildung geworden. Dies gilt auch für den Weiterbildungsbereich. Hier ergeben sich besondere Herausforderungen, etwa durch heterogene Anbieter- und Teilnahmestrukturen sowie eine fragmentierte Datenlage. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht der Beitrag, wie sich politische Akteure zu Daten der Weiterbildungsstatistik verhalten. Eine qualitative Sekundäranalyse von Interviews mit weiterbildungspolitischen Akteuren identifiziert Muster der Wahrnehmung und Nutzung von Daten der Weiterbildungsstatistik. Die Ergebnisse zeigen insgesamt einen hohen Nutzungsgrad, wobei die Rezeption von statistischen Informationen fast ausschließlich über Formate der Bildungsberichterstattung erfolgt. Es besteht eine differenzierte Kenntnis zu Belast- und Vergleichbarkeit verschiedener Datenquellen, die oft als problematisch bewertet werden. Präferenzen zeigen sich für – sofern vorhanden – die Nutzung von Daten aus dem eigenen Organisationskontext. Die Ergebnisse werden in ihrer Konsequenz für die Möglichkeiten datenbasierter Steuerung, die Bedeutung integrierter Bildungsberichterstattung und Forschungsbedarfe diskutiert.
An application- and market-oriented review on large format additive manufacturing, focusing on polymer pellet-based 3D printing
Authors: Pignatelli Francesco , Percoco Gianluca
Published: May 2022

Since this advent, additive manufacturing (AM) has grown steadily and found applications across all types of sectors. While the great development of such technologies has improved the quality of prints and expanded the availability of materials, AM still has some limitations regarding its physical scaling. This paper will briefly present the state-of-the-art of large-scale additive manufacturing and subsequently greater attention will be given to extrusion-based 3D printing. Specifically, we will discuss about large format additive manufacturing (LFAM) or big area additive manufacturing (BAAM), a technology based on material extrusion born a few years ago. These systems are characterized by higher deposition rate and lower costs of the material compared to fused filament fabrication (FFF) printers; moreover, they allow to obtain parts with better properties (e.g., adding carbon or glass fibers). The world of research has shown great interest in large-scale material extrusion technologies, which appear to be quite competitive with conventional manufacturing processes and which will find increasing application in the industrial field. With the aim of developing a tool for orienting researchers and technicians in this complex field, the present paper presents a systematic review of the actual market of machines, the research in extrudable materials and related applications concerning large-scale 3D printing, and in particular the LFAM.
Figur/Persona
Authors: Bleumer Hartmut
Published: May 2022

Der Beitrag möchte eine orientierende Skizze zur historischen Genese des erzähltheoretischen und narratologischen Figurenkonzepts anbieten, dessen moderne Verengung am Leitfaden der historischen Semantik des Deutschen kritisiert wird. Im Zusammenspiel von Wort‑, Begriffs- und Theoriegeschichte ergibt sich der Befund, dass es sich bei Phänomen und Begriff der narrativen Figur um ein oszillierendes Doppelkonzept der historischen Medialität zwischen Stimme und Blick handeln dürfte. Gegenüber seinem ästhetischen Potential greifen demnach Modelle zu kurz, die sich der Intensität der Kippbewegung zugunsten einer eindeutigen terminologischen Fixierung verschließen, obwohl sie schon begriffsgeschichtlich von ihrem eigentümlichen Faszinationseffekt abhängen. Ein thesenartiges Resümee versucht schließlich, die weiteren Konsequenzen der Beobachtungen im Rahmen der jüngeren Forschungstendenzen zur historischen Ästhetik der Vormoderne anzudeuten.
Rhetorik als literaturtheoretische Praxis (zu Derrida, de Man und Barthes)
Authors: Zelle Carsten
Published: May 2022

Der Aufsatz überprüft die These, daß die Moderne kein Zeitalter der Rhetorik, sondern ein Zeitalter der Rhetorizität sei, an drei einschlägigen Texten von Jacques Derrida, Paul de Man und Roland Barthes. Dabei erweist sich die genannte These als einseitig, da sie zwar auf die restringierten elocutio-Rhetoriken Derridas und de Mans (sowie Paul Ricœurs, wie ein Exkurs seiner Benveniste-Rezeption andeutet) zutreffen mag, nicht jedoch auf Barthes. Seine Rückkehr in die Rhetorik zielt auf die Rekonstruktion eines umfassenden Rederegimes, die zu einer seinerzeit noch ausstehenden Diskurslinguistik, die Benvenistes späte Schriften nahegelegt hatten, führen sollte.
Persistence Steenrod modules
Authors: Lupo Umberto , Medina-Mardones Anibal M. , Tauzin Guillaume
Published: May 2022

It has long been envisioned that the strength of the barcode invariant of filtered cellular complexes could be increased using cohomology operations. Leveraging recent advances in the computation of Steenrod squares, we introduce a new family of computable invariants on mod 2 persistent cohomology termed$$Sq^k$$Sqk-barcodes. We present a complete algorithmic pipeline for their computation and illustrate their real-world applicability using the space of conformations of the cyclo-octane molecule.
Responsibility gaps and the reactive attitudes
Authors: Tollon Fabio
Published: May 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are ubiquitous. From social media timelines, video recommendations on YouTube, and the kinds of adverts we see online, AI, in a very real sense, filters the world we see. More than that, AI is being embedded in agent-like systems, which might prompt certain reactions from users. Specifically, we might find ourselves feeling frustrated if these systems do not meet our expectations. In normal situations, this might be fine, but with the ever increasing sophistication of AI-systems, this might become a problem. While it seems unproblematic to realize that being angry at your car for breaking down is unfitting, can the same be said for AI-systems? In this paper, therefore, I will investigate the so-called “reactive attitudes”, and their important link to our responsibility practices. I then show how within this framework there exist exemption and excuse conditions, and test whether our adopting the “objective attitude” toward agential AI is justified. I argue that such an attitude is appropriate in the context of three distinct senses of responsibility (answerability, attributability, and accountability), and that, therefore, AI-systems do not undermine our responsibility ascriptions.
AI ethics and its pitfalls: not living up to its own standards?
Authors: Hagendorff Thilo
Published: May 2022

AI ethics is deemed to be an essential ingredient in the quest for trustworthy AI. Hence, demands for implementing AI ethics and ethicists into AI organizations, especially corporations, are ubiquitous. However, the assumption that AI ethicists have particular epistemological advantages compared to non-ethicists as well as the idea that AI ethics automatically decreases the likelihood of unethical outcomes are both flawed. Therefore, this comment lists risks that either originate from AI ethicists themselves or from the consequences their embedding in AI organizations has. The compilation of risks comprises psychological considerations concerning the cognitive biases of AI ethicists themselves as well as biased reactions to their work, subject-specific and knowledge constraints AI ethicists often succumb to, negative side effects of ethics audits for AI applications, and many more. Ultimately, the aim of this comment is not to diminish or deny the importance of the discipline of AI ethics, but rather to increase its capacities for self-reflection and, ultimately, effectiveness.
Perceived experiences of patients with breast cancer: a qualitative study of the influence of spirituality and health beliefs among preoperative breast cancer patients in Ghana
Authors: Acquaye Victoria Akuorkor , Dai-Kosi Alfred Dickson , Pereko Kingsley Kwadwo Asare , Ackom Christian
Published: May 2022

Background

Cancer is a major threat to public health globally and in Ghana. Breast cancer is a serious health problem among women which affects the daily functioning of the individual and their psychological health.

Aim

The study examined the influence of spirituality and health beliefs on anxiety and depression among preoperative breast cancer patients in Ghana.

Methodology

This is a qualitative study involving 54 preoperative breast cancer patients selected from 3 referral hospitals in Accra namely: 37 Military hospital, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, and the Sweden Ghana Medical Centre all in Ghana. The study collected data via one-on-one in-depth interviews (IDI) and Focus group discussion (FGD).

Result

Qualitative thematic analysis techniques were employed to analyse data and the results revealed spirituality and health beliefs influenced patients’ perception and health-seeking, while spirituality in particular helped patients cope with the disease. The results also showed that participants’ levels of anxiety increased due mainly to surgery which is the most common mode of breast cancer treatment.

Discussion

This study generates knowledge about the relations between spirituality, health beliefs and psychological wellbeing among breast cancer patients in Ghana. The study implies that spirituality and health beliefs of the cancer experience have implications for psychological wellbeing.
‘Yes, I’ve got the job, but my challenge is keeping the job’: an evaluation of a new pathway to open employment to meet the needs of people with acquired brain injury in Australia
Authors: Bould Em , Callaway Libby , Brusco Natasha K.
Published: May 2022

Background and objectives:

In Australia, people with disability continue to experience low employment rates (48%), compared to the national average (79%), and employment is even lower (30%) for people with acquired brain injury (ABI). This paper evaluates a pilot study of a new mainstream employment pathway following ABI, called Employment CoLab.

Method:

Employment CoLab was piloted across multiple industries using a mix of reasonable employer adjustments, insurance-funded supports and/or access to capacity-building supports. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with four stakeholders; (1) Employees with ABI (n = 5, age 31–49 years, time since injury M(R) = 11(4–26) years); (2) Employers/co-workers (n = 3); (3) Allied health professionals/vocational providers (n = 4); and (4) Injury insurance funders who hold portfolio responsibility for disability employment (n = 5). An explorative economic evaluation was also conducted to compare the cost to the funder for Employment CoLab compared to traditional employment pathways.

Results:

Employment CoLab offered a new approach for people with ABI to gain and sustain open employment. Four major themes were identified from participant interviews: valuing employment and diversity; barriers to mainstream employment; reflections on being employed; and being supported over time. The economic evaluation was unable to detect if the pathway was, or was not, less costly when compared to traditional employment pathways.

Conclusions:

Employment CoLab is a person-centred collaborative approach which, together with effective social disability insurance approaches, has built new opportunities for inclusive mainstream economic participation following ABI.
The No Child Left Behind Act in the Global Architecture of Educational Accountability
Authors: Ydesen Christian , Dorn Sherman
Published: May 2022

Although chiefly framed in the context of domestic education policy, debates about the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) echoed international education policy debates and the workings of global education governance. As this article demonstrates, both domestic and international efforts were shaped by three key features: tension between centralized goals and historically localized practices and authorities; links between education policy goals and a set of rhetorical arguments centered on human capital; and competitive comparisons among education systems that mixed market rhetoric with prestige dynamics. These common features can be attributed to the development of a “soft governance” layer, in which multilateral surveillance plays a major part. In the US, such development began before NCLB, accelerated during the NCLB era, and remained after NCLB was replaced by the Every Student Succeeds Act in 2015.
A Eucharistic Pedagogy: Gospel Parables and Teachings in Simone Weil's “On the Right Use of School Studies”
Authors: Lang Hearlson Christy
Published: May 2022

This article examines biblical allusions in Simone Weil's “On the Right Use of School Studies,” in which she argues that study can train our attention to God and neighbor. Focusing on Weil's use of Jesus' teachings that mention bread, meals, and table service, this article reveals an underlying theme of Eucharist (communion) in Weil's essay on study. Together with Weil's comment that studies are “like a sacrament,” this analysis suggests that Weil offers a “eucharistic pedagogy” shaped by her mystical theology of Eucharist, a theology itself shaped by George Herbert's English-language poem “Love.” Throughout, the article compares Weil's original French with its English translation, noting where the translation obscures her use of the Bible or her theology, and it also examines the Greek biblical text, since Weil read the New Testament in its Greek original. The article concludes with a critique of Weil's educational vision, which relies on a dyadic vision of eucharist, and suggests that a communal vision of eucharist can support a social vision of education.
DETERMINACY OF SCHMIDT’S GAME AND OTHER INTERSECTION GAMES
Authors: CRONE LOGAN , FISHMAN LIOR , JACKSON STEPHEN
Published: May 2022

Schmidt’s game and other similar intersection games have played an important role in recent years in applications to number theory, dynamics, and Diophantine approximation theory. These games are real games, that is, games in which the players make moves from a complete separable metric space. The determinacy of these games trivially follows from the axiom of determinacy for real games,
$\mathsf {AD}_{\mathbb R}$
, which is a much stronger axiom than that asserting all integer games are determined,
$\mathsf {AD}$
. One of our main results is a general theorem which under the hypothesis
$\mathsf {AD}$
implies the determinacy of intersection games which have a property allowing strategies to be simplified. In particular, we show that Schmidt’s
$(\alpha ,\beta ,\rho )$
game on
$\mathbb R$
is determined from
$\mathsf {AD}$
alone, but on
$\mathbb R^n$
for
$n \geq 3$
we show that
$\mathsf {AD}$
does not imply the determinacy of this game. We then give an application of simple strategies and prove that the winning player in Schmidt’s
$(\alpha , \beta , \rho )$
game on
$\mathbb {R}$
has a winning positional strategy, without appealing to the axiom of choice. We also prove several other results specifically related to the determinacy of Schmidt’s game. These results highlight the obstacles in obtaining the determinacy of Schmidt’s game from
$\mathsf {AD}$
.
Revolution and Redemption in Central America
Authors: Coleman Kevin
Published: May 2022

This essay reviews the following works:

The World Come of Age: An Intellectual History of Liberation Theology. By Lilian Calles Barger. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. x + 376. $34.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780190695392.

The Latino Christ in Art, Literature, and Liberation Theology. By Michael R. Candelaria. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2018. Pp. 248. $65.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780826358790.

Óscar Romero’s Theological Vision: Liberation and the Transfiguration of the Poor. By Edgardo Colón-Emeric. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2018. Pp. xvi + 400. $39.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780268104733.

La guerra por otros medios: Comunicación insurgente y proceso revolucionario en El Salvador (1970–1992). By Eudald Cortina Orero. San Salvador: UCA Editores, 2017. Pp. 563. $13.00. ISBN: 9789996110375.

Ixcán: Pastoral de acompañamiento en área de guerra, Guatemala 1981–1987. By Ricardo Falla. Vol. 5, part 1 of Al atardecer de la vida. Guatemala: Asociación para el Avance de las Ciencias Sociales en Guatemala, 2017. ISBN: 9789929663015.

Las lógicas del genocidio guatemalteco: Febrero 1982 a agosto 1983. By Ricardo Falla. Vol. 6 of Al atardecer de la vida. Guatemala: Asociación para el Avance de las Ciencias Sociales en Guatemala, 2018. ISBN: 9789929663015.

What You Have Heard Is True: A Memoir of Witness and Resistance. By Carolyn Forché. New York: Penguin, 2020. Pp. 400. $18.00 paperback. ISBN: 9780525560395.

Caribbean Revolutions: Cold War Armed Movements. By Rachel A. May, Alejandro Schneider, and Roberto González Arana. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. 174. $24.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781108440905.

After Insurgency: Revolution and Electoral Politics in El Salvador. By Ralph Sprenkels. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2018. Pp ix + 484. $50.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780268103255.

Blood in the Fields: Óscar Romero, Catholic Social Teaching, and Land Reform. By Matthew Philipp Whelan. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2020. Pp. 336. $65.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780813232522.
El muralismo zapatista: Una revuelta estética
Authors: Martí i Puig Salvador
Published: May 2022

El trabajo trata cómo el zapatismo ha abordado estéticamente su proyecto político de transformación y a qué frutos estéticos ha llegado. Para ello se realiza una interpretación de cómo se ha creado y recreado la identidad zapatista a través del lenguaje visual de los 203 murales que están en los territorios donde se asientan los Municipios Autónomos Rebeldes Zapatistas, y cómo esta identidad interpela a la imaginería revolucionaria mexicana oficial y crea una nueva iconografía activista para sus bases y para el movimiento de solidaridad. El trabajo se inspira teóricamente en la obra de Geneviève Zubrzycki sobre creación y reestructuración iconográfica, y concluye que el muralismo zapatista tiene rasgos comunes fruto de una amalgama de concepciones no explicitadas de diversos sujetos externos e internos que han ido afrontando de diferentes maneras la vinculación entre arte y transformación social.
MAGNETIC (QUASI-)MODULAR FORMS
Authors: PAŞOL VICENŢIU , ZUDILIN WADIM
Published: May 2022

A (folklore?) conjecture states that no holomorphic modular form
$F(\tau )=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty } a_nq^n\in q\mathbb Z[[q]]$
exists, where
$q=e^{2\pi i\tau }$
, such that its anti-derivative
$\sum _{n=1}^{\infty } a_nq^n/n$
has integral coefficients in the q-expansion. A recent observation of Broadhurst and Zudilin, rigorously accomplished by Li and Neururer, led to examples of meromorphic modular forms possessing the integrality property. In this note, we investigate the arithmetic phenomenon from a systematic perspective and discuss related transcendental extensions of the differentially closed ring of quasi-modular forms.
Consensus embedding for multiple networks: Computation and applications
Authors: Li Mengzhen , Coşkun Mustafa , Koyutürk Mehmet
Published: May 2022

Machine learning applications on large-scale network-structured data commonly encode network information in the form of node embeddings. Network embedding algorithms map the nodes into a low-dimensional space such that the nodes that are “similar” with respect to network topology are also close to each other in the embedding space. Real-world networks often have multiple versions or can be “multiplex” with multiple types of edges with different semantics. For such networks, computation ofConsensus Embeddings based on the node embeddings of individual versions can be useful for various reasons, including privacy, efficiency, and effectiveness of analyses. Here, we systematically investigate the performance of three dimensionality reduction methods in computing consensus embeddings on networks with multiple versions: singular value decomposition, variational auto-encoders, and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Our results show that (i) CCA outperforms other dimensionality reduction methods in computing concensus embeddings, (ii) in the context of link prediction, consensus embeddings can be used to make predictions with accuracy close to that provided by embeddings of integrated networks, and (iii) consensus embeddings can be used to improve the efficiency of combinatorial link prediction queries on multiple networks by multiple orders of magnitude.
Using fractured outcrops to calculate permeability tensors: implications for geothermal fluid flow and the influence of seismic-scale faults
Authors: Smith Ruaridh Y. , Lesueur Martin , Kelka Ulrich , Poulet Thomas , Koehn Daniel
Published: May 2022

Faulted and fractured systems form a critical component of fluid flow, especially within low-permeable reservoirs. Therefore, developing suitable methodologies for acquiring structural data and simulating flow through fractured media is vital to improve efficiency and reduce uncertainties in modelling the subsurface. Outcrop analogues provide excellent areas for the analysis and characterization of fractures within the reservoir rocks where subsurface data are limited. Variation in fracture arrangement, distribution and connectivity can be obtained from 2D fractured cliff sections and pavements. These sections can then be used for efficient discretization and homogenization techniques to obtain reliable predictions on permeability distributions in the geothermal reservoirs. Fracture network anisotropy in the Malm reservoir unit is assessed using detailed structural analysis and numerical homogenization of outcrop analogues from an open pit quarry within the Franconian Basin, Germany. Several events are recorded in the fracture networks from the Late Jurassic the Alpine Orogeny and are observed to be influenced by the Kulmbach Fault nearby with a reverse throw of 800 m. The fractured outcrops are digitized for fluid flow simulations and homogenization to determine the permeability tensors of the networks. The tensors show differences in fluid transport direction where fracture permeability is controlled by orientation compared to a constant value. As a result, it is observed that the orientation of the tensor is influenced by the Kulmbach Fault, and therefore faults within the reservoirs at depth should be considered as important controls on the fracture flow of the geothermal system.
Why might God create?
Authors: Mawson T. J.
Published: May 2022

Some have held that this question cannot be given a satisfactory answer within the constraints imposed by a traditional theistic framework, a framework which sees the universe as contingent on God's free choice to create it. However, I shall argue that, while traditional theism certainly does place constraints on possible answers to the title question, on assumptions which are themselves plausible, these constraints leave open various possibilities for understanding the reasons God may have had as He decided whether or not to create something other than Himself.
Better vaguely right than precisely wrong in effective altruism: the problem of marginalism
Authors: Côté Nicolas , Steuwer Bastian
Published: May 2022

Effective altruism (EA) requires that when we donate to charity, we maximize the beneficial impact of our donations. While we are in broad sympathy with EA, we raise a practical problem for EA, which is that there is a crucial empirical presupposition implicit in its charity assessment methods which is false in many contexts. This is the presupposition that the magnitude of the benefits (or harms) generated by some charity vary continuously in the scale of the intervention performed. We characterize a wide class of cases where this assumption fails, and then draw out the normative implications of this fact.
Conformally invariant complete metrics
Authors: SUGAWA TOSHIYUKI , VUORINEN MATTI , ZHANG TANRAN
Published: May 2022

For a domain G in the one-point compactification
$\overline{\mathbb{R}}^n = {\mathbb{R}}^n \cup \{ \infty\}$
of
${\mathbb{R}}^n, n \geqslant 2$
, we characterise the completeness of the modulus metric
$\mu_G$
in terms of a potential-theoretic thickness condition of
$\partial G\,,$
Martio’s M-condition [35]. Next, we prove that
$\partial G$
is uniformly perfect if and only if
$\mu_G$
admits a minorant in terms of a Möbius invariant metric. Several applications to quasiconformal maps are given.
Understanding Europe's Populist Right: The State of the Field
Authors: Gross Stephen G.
Published: May 2022

Over the past decade right-wing populism has achieved unprecedented popularity across much of Europe. The first intimations came in 2010 when Viktor Orbán's Fidesz Party won a super-majority in alliance with Christian Democrats, gaining the power to reshape Hungary's legal framework. While the eurozone crisis then sparked the rise of left-wing anti-establishment movements across Mediterranean Europe, elsewhere populism exploded on the right. In the 2014 European parliamentary elections centrists lost seats to parties on the margins, and Fidesz extended its grip over Hungary. Over the next three years Law and Justice won elections in Poland with a campaign steeped in religion and euroscepticism; the United Kingdom shocked the world by voting to leave the European Union; Marine Le Pen of the National Front demolished conventional candidates in the first round of the French presidential elections; the anti-immigrant Lega joined a ruling coalition in Italy; and in Germany, Europe's largest country, the nationalist Alternative for Germany (Alernativ für Deutschland; AfD) entered parliament as the third largest party.
Transversal Ck-factors in subgraphs of the balanced blow-up of Ck
Authors: Ergemlidze Beka , Molla Theodore
Published: May 2022

For a subgraph
$G$
of the blow-up of a graph
$F$
, we let
$\delta ^*(G)$
be the smallest minimum degree over all of the bipartite subgraphs of
$G$
induced by pairs of parts that correspond to edges of
$F$
. Johansson proved that if
$G$
is a spanning subgraph of the blow-up of
$C_3$
with parts of size
$n$
and
$\delta ^*(G) \ge \frac{2}{3}n + \sqrt{n}$
, then
$G$
contains
$n$
vertex disjoint triangles, and presented the following conjecture of Häggkvist. If
$G$
is a spanning subgraph of the blow-up of
$C_k$
with parts of size
$n$
and
$\delta ^*(G) \ge \left(1 + \frac 1k\right)\frac n2 + 1$
, then
$G$
contains
$n$
vertex disjoint copies of
$C_k$
such that each
$C_k$
intersects each of the
$k$
parts exactly once. A similar conjecture was also made by Fischer and the case
$k=3$
was proved for large
$n$
by Magyar and Martin.

In this paper, we prove the conjecture of Häggkvist asymptotically. We also pose a conjecture which generalises this result by allowing the minimum degree conditions in each bipartite subgraph induced by pairs of parts of
$G$
to vary. We support this new conjecture by proving the triangle case. This result generalises Johannson’s result asymptotically.
From Rationality to Morality: The Collective Development of Practical Reason in Kant’s Moral Anthropology
Authors: Lenczewska Olga
Published: May 2022

While Kant’s account of humankind’s rational progress has been widely discussed, his speculative views about the way in which this progress might havebegunand the circumstances surrounding this beginning have been largely neglected. Implicit in such an omission is the assumption that Kant does not say much about the very beginning of human history or that whatever he says is of little philosophical value. This article challenges these assumptions. I reconstruct Kant’s account of the emergence of reason by looking at his various conjectural and more literal remarks about our species’ transition from mere irrational animals into primitive human beings possessing a rudimentary form of rationality. Next, I show how this account fits with Kant’s broader view of humankind’s rational progress and its subsequent stages. By doing so, I elucidate Kant’s guidelines for achieving this progress in the future by unifying them with his regulative view of reason’s past.
Early modern Iberian empires, global history and the history of early globalization
Authors: Yun-Casalilla Bartolomé
Published: May 2022

This essay discusses the main lines of current research on the social and economic history of the early modern Iberian worlds. It then goes on, in light of recent debates, to make the case for the value of a purposeful dialogue between global history and imperial history. The issues of primary concern here are the extent to which lateral, inter-regional relations in the Iberian worlds dominated vertical relations connecting particular areas to Madrid or Lisbon; how power and agency on local scales may be integrated into accounts of flows and interactions on larger scales; the ways in which the history of the Iberian empires through a global prism breaks with pre-existing nationalistic narratives; and whether or not the decentralized component of these empires was unique to them. Finally, examples are detailed of how Iberian imperial history can provide a fruitful basis for a polycentric history of globalization. The examples given take heart from critical engagement with the Great Divergence paradigm, the new analytical potentialities of global ecological history, the constructive and destructive impact of globalization upon empires, and the importance of studying the history of empires comparatively.
Chaos identification through the auto-correlation function indicator (ACFI)
Authors: Carruba Valerio , Aljbaae Safwan , Domingos Rita C. , Huaman Mariela , Barletta William
Published: May 2022

Close encounters or resonances overlaps can create chaotic motion in small bodies in the Solar System. Approaches that measure the separation rate of trajectories that start infinitesimally near, or changes in the frequency power spectrum of time series, among others, can discover chaotic motion. In this paper, we introduce the ACF index (ACFI), which is based on the auto-correlation function of time series. Auto-correlation coefficients measure the correlation of a time-series with a lagged duplicate of itself. By counting the number of auto-correlation coefficients that are larger than 5% after a certain amount of time has passed, we can assess how the time series auto-correlates with each other. This allows for the detection of chaotic time-series characterized by low ACFI values.
Some of the most interesting cases of close asteroid pairs perturbed by resonance
Authors: Rosaev A. , Plavalova Eva
Published: May 2022

We have randomly selected 20 close asteroid pairs (younger than 800 kyr) from known pairs, and by the application of backward numerical integration we have calculated their orbits. For the reason of speeding up the process of making the resonances visible, we have used a high value of Yarkowsky drift. The results of the calculation show that only two pairs appear to have a simple resonance with Earth and Jupiter while half of the tested pairs are visibly in the vicinity of three-body resonances.

We have found a 2-1J-1M resonance for the pair (56232) 1999 JM31 and (115978) 2003 WQ56. Following our study of the pair (10123) Fideoja and (117306) 2004 VF21, we discovered a different resonance than the 7-2J mean motion resonance previously published: we have proved that this pair is perturbed by 9-6J-4M three body resonance.
On the scattering and dynamical evolution of Oort cloud comets caused by a stellar fly-by
Authors: Pilat-Lohinger E. , Clees S. , Zimmermann M. , Loibnegger B.
Published: May 2022

Recent GAIA observations revealed that the K-type star Gliese 710 will cross the Oort cloud in a distance between approximately 4000 and 12000 au in about 1.3 Myrs. This occurrence motivated us to study the influence of a stellar encounter on comets in the outer region of the solar system. Even if the Oort cloud extends to 100000 au from the sun, we restrict our study to the region between 30 and 25000 au where 25 million objects are distributed randomly. Comets at larger distances are not taken into account as they hardly enter the observable region after a single stellar fly-by. An overview of all objects that are scattered towards the sun for the different fly-by distances at 4000, 8000 and 12000 au shows that only a handful of objects are moving towards the sun immediately after the stellar encounter.

However, a subsequent long-term study of all objects that are moved into highly eccentric motion by the stellar fly-by shows a significant increase of comets crossing Jupiter’s orbit and entering into the observable region. In addition, our study shows the first comets crossing the orbit of Earth only about 2.5 Myrs after the stellar fly-by. Thus, the impact risk for the Earth increases only some million years after the stellar fly-by.
A cartographic study of spin-orbit coupling in binary asteroids
Authors: Nadoushan Mahdi Jafari
Published: May 2022

In the spin-orbit resonances, we assume that the orbit of the secondary asteroid around the primary is invariant, which is a reasonable assumption at first glance. Owing to the irregularity of asteroids’ geometry and their effect on the mutual orbit, this assumption should be revised. Therefore, we focus on a binary asteroid with a spherical primary and a secondary with an irregular shape. When the shape of a secondary asteroid is not a sphere, the gravitational interaction is important, and we should consider the interaction of orbit and spin. We generate fast Lyapunov indicator (FLI) maps for both spin-orbit resonance and spin-orbit coupling problems and investigate the effect of orbit alternation on the structure of phase space.
The effect of the passage of Gliese 710 on Oort cloud comets
Authors: Loibnegger Birgit , Pilat-Lohinger Elke , Zimmermann Max , Clees Sharleena
Published: May 2022

Based on observations by Bailer-Jones et al. (2018) who propose a close fly-by of the K-type star Gliese 710 in approximately 1.36 Myr we investigate the immediate influence of the stellar passage on trajectories of Oort cloud objects. Using a newly developed GPU-based N-body code (Zimmermann (2021)) we study the motion of 3.6 million testparticles in the outer Solar system where the comets are distributed in three different “layers” around the Sun and the 4 giant planets. We study the immediate influence of Gliese 710 at three passage distances of 12000, 4300, and 1200 au. Additionally, different inclinations of the approaching star are considered. Depending on the passage distance a small number of comets (mainly from the disk and flared disk) is scattered into the observable region (< 5 au) around the Sun. In addition, a huge number of comets (mainly the ones directly in the path of the passing star) shows significant changes of their perihelia. But, they will enter the inner Solar system a long time after the stellar fly-by depending on their dynamical evolution.