bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aktivismus und Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung in der Schule? Herausforderungen und Chancen im Umgang mit Aktivismus der Schüler/-innen
Authors: Roncevic Katarina , Pallesche Micha
Published: December 2021

The climate protection movement of young people, Fridays for Future, on the streets is also finding its way into school and raises questions about tasks and functions of formal education. But how can activism and formal education go hand in hand? What potential does this open up? What space does school offer? And where are limits? Based on experiences and reflections from the implementation of the Schools for Earth project, this article shows potentials, but also challenges for young people's engagement in school. Concrete options for action are discussed on the basis of activities at the Ernst-Reuter-Gemeinschaftsschule in Karlsruhe, which is part of the project. The focus is on the extent to which these activities can take into account both the requirements of school education and the needs of young activists.
Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge of Medication Related Osteonecrosis of Jaw among Dental Students at a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Keshwar Shashi , Sarraf Deependra Prasad , Shrestha Ashish , Jaisani Mehul Rajesh , Shrestha Sushmita
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The medication related osteonecrosis of jaw (MRONJ) is caused by bisphosphonates, antiresoptive or antiangiogenic drugs. It is the basic requirement for dental students to know the drugs that causing MRONJ and its management. The study was conducted to assess awareness and knowledge of MRONJ among dental students and to compare the mean knowledge score.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students at College of Dental Surgery, B. P. Koirala institute of Health Sciences. A semi-structured questionnaires consisting of sociodemographic data and questions regarding awareness and knowledge of MRONJ. Descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency were calculated. Students “t” test was used for statistical association between the variables at P-value of 0.05 using SPSS.

Results: Out of 191, 63 (32.98%) students were aware that drugs other than bisphosphonates can also cause osteonecrosis of jaw while only 16.23% students were able to name such drugs. Majority of the students (91.62%) failed to give proper definition of the MRONJ. More than half of the students did not know that invasive dental treatments cannot be given to patients who are currently on oral or intravenous bisphosphonates. Majority (77.5%) of the students didn’t know the treatment guideline for MRONJ. Mean knowledge score of the students was 9.068±3.092. There was statistically significant association between the score and age, marital status and academic stream of the students (P-value <0.05).

Conclusion: The study showed that students had average knowledge and awareness on MRONJ. The knowledge score was statistically associated with age, marital status and educational level. It suggests preeminent steps should be taken to educate future dental students about MRONJ at undergraduate and post graduate level of dentistry.
Non-Menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome Following Breast Abscess: A Rare Case Report From Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Aabishkar , Gurung Deependra , Karki Bijaya
Published: December 2021

Toxic Shock Syndrome is an acute illness caused by exotoxin producing Staphylococcus or Group A Streptococcus. TSS was traditionally associated with high absorbency tampon use in menstruating women until eventually, these were taken off the market. Since then, non-menstrual causes including wound infections, abscess, mastitis, burns, osteomyelitis, retained foreign bodies, etc are leading causes of TSS. TSS is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, abdominal pain, hypotension, non-blanchable erythematous rash progressing to multi-organ damage. The mainstay of treatment includes removal of the source of infection, adequate volume resuscitation, vasopressors, and antibiotic coverage. Despite adequate treatment, the case fatality rate of Streptococcal TSS is 50% and Staphylococcal TSS is 3%. Here we present a unique case of 24-year-old women who presented with fever, headache, abdominal pain, and hypotension 6 days after self-drainage and self-medication of breast abscess. She was diagnosed with TSS secondary to breast abscess and admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), resuscitated and successfully treated with antibiotics.
Correlation of Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Levels with Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Diagnosis of Diabetes
Authors: Poudyal Prija , Shrestha Kabina , Rajbanshi Lily , Anwar Afaque
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus describes a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. Uncontrolled glycemic state often leads to micro and macro vascular complications. Diabetes is the foremost cause of new blindness in adults. Constant screening of the diabetic profile through blood tests of the affected people and prompt actions to control them can help to improve the quality of life of these patients. The study was done to evaluate the correlation between fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels with glycosylated hemoglobin for diagnosis of diabetes and to determine the prevalence of diabetes in different age groups with sex predilection.

Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted and the data collection was carried out in the Department of Ophthalmic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biratnagar Eye Hospital. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee of this hospital. All 275 patients who attended the laboratory from January 2019 to June 2019 for fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin values estimation were included in this study. The data obtained were computed and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0

Results: A significant correlation between fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin was observed in this study (p value <0.001). The correlation coefficient between fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (r= 0.728) is stronger than the correlation coefficient between postprandial plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (r= 0.709).

Conclusions: Fasting plasma glucose correlated better than postprandial plasma glucose with glycosylated hemoglobin.
Status of water resources in Nepal and existing use in Irrigation
Authors: Poudel Govinda Prasad
Published: December 2021

The surface water available in the country is estimated to be about 225 billion cu.m per annum, out of which only 15 billion cu.m per annum is in use. In addition to surface water, a large volume of water is available in the shallow and deep aquifers which are estimated to be 8.8 billion cu.m annually which can be used for irrigation and domestic water supplies. At present less than 50% of the cultivated area has intermittent irrigation facilities and less than 20% of cultivated area has year round irrigation.Nepal’s economy is largely based on agriculture however, Nepalese agriculture is mainly rain fed and agriculture production in both rain fed as well as irrigated areas are being badly affected due to droughts, flooding, erratic rainfall, and other extreme weather events. It is necessary that the modern agriculture practice with the help of year round irrigation we can increase the GDP and provides greater employment opportunities and ultimately we can do sustainable agriculture development. Present water consumption rate is less than 8% of the country’s water potential for irrigation sector. This water consumption rate is very low for our country. This consumption rate can be increase by making a comprehensive study and implementation plan by making multipurpose reservoir type irrigation project for maximum use of available water resources. Year round irrigation scheme also become great tool to get optimum economic development in agricultural sector and maximum crop yield.
Strain based approach in fatigue damage modeling of brittle material-application to concrete
Authors: Yadav Indra Narayan
Published: December 2021

Due to very good compressive strength of concrete, it is used widely in all over the world during three decades. The Formulation of Concrete is through combination of Cement, stone aggregate, sand and water according to their design mix based on the ultimate strength required for the structural component. The Mixing of concrete is as mortar, the layer of cement, sand and water is wrapped around the aggregate. When the load is applied to the concrete, the weaker zone i.e. mortar of cement, sand is weaker than stone aggregate, damage by formulation of crack before crack in aggregate. The Damage behavior of Concrete is thus to be analyzed according to their fatigue behavior.
Strain Based approach in Fatigue Damage Modelling of Brittle Material in Concrete is presented to describe the behavior and failure of con-crete by utilizing Damage Mechanics approach. Stiffness degradation and inelastic deformation are the essential features of concrete that develop due tothe formation of multitude of microcracks in the fatigue environment. Microcracking, which is anisotropic in nature, destroys the bond between material grains, and affects the elastic properties resulting in the reduction of material stiffness in elastic as well as plastic stage. This paper presents an anisotropic fatigue damage model for plain concrete subjected to cyclic tension. The model is developed, in strain space, using the general framework of internal variable theory of continuum thermodynamics and Damage Mechanics. It is argued that within the damage surface of given strain states the unloadingreloading cycles (fatigue loading) stimulate the nucleation and growth microcracks in concrete, which will result in stiffness degradation and inelastic deformation, and hence material is termed as damaged. Damage is reflected through the fourthorder stiffness tensor involving a damage parameter whose increment is governed by the consistency equation associated with a cycle dependent damage surface in strain space. The model is capable of predicting stiffness degradation, inelastic deformation and strength reduction under fatigue loading and compared against experimental result.
By increasing the number of loading cycles, the strength of concrete gradually decreases and the limit surface is allowed to contract and form new curves representing residual strengths. The magnitude of loading, load range, and the load path are known to influence the fatigue life and hence are addressed in this formulation. In this paper, a strength softening function is proposed in order to address the re-duction in the strength of concrete due to fatigue. Separate softening functions are also proposed to account for the deformation characteristics in concrete under cyclic loading. Numerical simula-tions predicted by the model in both uniaxial and biaxial stress paths show a good correlation with the experimental data available in the literature.
Soil-pile-structure interaction effects on high-rise building under seismic shaking
Authors: Thapa Umesh Jung , Karki Ramesh
Published: December 2021

In this paper, study of the response (base shear, time period, storey drift, storey displacement) of a structure is done for the tall building including basement with fixed base and with pile foundation considering Soil Structure Interaction (SSI). Finite element based program ETABS2016 v16.1.0 is used for the analysis of the superstructure. Seismic analysis is done to get the dynamic response of superstructure for two types of model,one model is with fixed baseand second is Model with Winkler spring for Chhaya Center, Thamel, a high rise building with 14 story including double basements. Itisobserved with the consideration of Soil Structure Interaction (SSI). The soil is replaced by spring and assigned at joints. El Centro earthquake (1940) is used for time history analysis. The response obtained due to SSI effect is compared with fixed based model. Results of analysis presented include the comparison of natural periods, base shears, displacements and overturning moment. It is observed that the natural periods increase and the base shears decrease as the base become more flexible.
Comparative evaluation of concrete flexural strength of river bed and crusher run coarse aggregate in Pokhara valley
Authors: Katuwal Tek Bahadur
Published: December 2021

Concrete is fundamental construction material widely used for every building structure and other infrastructure. Aggregate has significantfunctions as concrete making materials for the solidity and strength of concrete.The objective of this research was comparative evaluation of crusher and river bed coarse aggregate in respect to the flexural strength of M20 grade concrete with nominal mix. For this research, sample were taken from Kotre Crusher(KC), Kotre River Bed (KR), Hemja Crusher (HC) and Hemja River Bed (HR) considering sand from single source and cement remains singlebrand.Nine cubes (500 mm × 100 mm×100mm) were cast for each sampled source and the flexural strength was determined using a single point load flexural testing machine after 7 days, 14 days and 28 days of curing. The mean flexural strength for the KC, KR, HC and HR sources were 4.86 N/mm2, 4.34 N/mm2, 4.58 N/mm2 and 4.1N/mm2, respectively. Also, the percentageincrement of flexural strength for KC, KR, HC and HR sources are 23.31, 19.11, 19.88 and 18.12 from 7 days to 14 days and 20.90, 16.04, 18.65 and 16.48 from 14 days to 28days respectively. Modulus of rupture of all aggregate sources are greater than theminimum flexural strength as per IS: 456 – 2000. Finally, outcomes of the study indicated that the flexural strength of Kotre Crusher aggregate is more than other sources and all selected samples applicable for construction work.
Diatom abundance in Lake Aoki sediment as a proxy in demarcating the timing of the last Glacial-Holocene transition in central Japan
Authors: Adhikari D. P.
Published: December 2021

A 15 m long sediment core from Lake Aoki, central Japan was investigated for its diatom abundance to determine if the abundance change with time provides a reasonable basis to reconstruct the timing of the last Glacial-Holocene climate shift in central Japan. Silty clay dominated the sediment lithology, and the tephra and radiocarbon based age determinations provided an excellent sediment chronology extending back to the beginning of the lacustrine sedimentation ca. 43ka cal BP. The diatom abundance in the sediment showed a marked change at 13 ka cal BP, with a mean concentration of ca. 1.8x105 frustules mg-1 dry sediment before and ca. 10.3 x 105 frustules mg-1 dry sediment after that time. This abrupt increase in abundance after 13 ka cal BP is attributed to the increase in diatom productivity in the lake due to the climate shift from the last Glacial cold to the Holocene warm condition. The timing of rapid diatom abundance rise, 13 ka cal BP, in Lake Aoki sediment record appears to be the last Glacial-Holocene transition in central Japan.
Prevalence And Correlates Of Delirium tremens In Alcohol Dependence Syndrome At Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Paudyal S , Tiwari S , Chhetri P , Ranjan S , Shah S , Subedi S
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of Delirium tremens (DT) is around 5-12%. Very few studies have looked into the prevalence of DT in general population and has shown varying results. The study aims at finding the prevalence of delirium tremens among alcohol dependents (AD) and a comparison of profiles of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) with DT and AWS without DT.

Material And Method: A case- control study was conducted in patients diagnosed as Alcohol dependent syndrome and admitted in Psychiatry in-patient ward for detoxification. Socio demographic and clinical variables were assessed and compared between alcohol dependents who developed DT and who did not developed DT.

Results: 24% of the patients with AD had/developed delirium tremens. The multivariate regression analysis model shows variables like Age>50years (AOR= 75.7,95% C.I=7.8-730), Caste(Janjati: AOR=4.2, 95% C.I=1.329-13.23,) and unemployment(AOR=54.2, 95%C.I=3.8-765.254),longer length(years) of alcohol consumption >20 years(AOR= 305,95%CI=3.4-2711),presentation within 48-72 hrs since the last intake of alcohol (AOR=923,95%CI=38-22333),absence of nicotine consumption(AOR=40,95%C.I.=1.66-967) were significantly associated with development of delirium tremens. Similarly, those with educational status of higher secondary and above (AOR=0.7, 95% C.I =0.73-1.43), past history of absence of DT (AOR=0.013, 95% C.I=0.0002-0.77), less frequent intake of alcohol <3 times/week (AOR=0.001,95%C.I=0.001-0.07) had less likely developed DT. These significant variables were further assessed for their ability to predict the occurrence of delirium tremens in ROC and area under the curve for age, duration since last alcohol intake and years of intake of alcohol were respectively = 0.799, 0.843 and 0.765.

Conclusion: Three features findings (older Age, more years of intake of alcohol, more hrs since last intake of alcohol) were more likely seen in delirium tremens patients.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation of “Healthy Habits” To Address Mental Health Needs
Authors: Berman D , Adhikari SB , Bisha I , Sharma S , Sharma B
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Enhancing wellbeing and lessening emotional distress are especially important in developing nations like Nepal that have limited mental health resources or where there is resistance to formal treatment. This is even more so the case during times of crisis. The goal of this project was to create a cross-cultural adaptation of a psychoeducational instrument, Healthy Habits of Emotional Wellbeing.

Material and Method: Using World Health Organization guidelines for translations, we created a cross cultural adaptation of Healthy Habits of Emotional Wellbeing into the Nepali language. The instrument was translated from English to Nepali, extensively reviewed and modified by a bilingual panel, back-translated, and field testing with 10 Nepali citizens.

Results: The adaptation, as tested with individuals representing Nepal’s rural and urban settings, appears to be a culturally sensitive and linguistically appropriate psychoeducational tool that can be used in medical and social settings, widely disseminated, and posted online.

Conclusion: Psychoeducational self-help tools such as Healthy Habits may be especially helpful during times of crisis, when mental health resources are limited, not accessible, or not accessed due to prevailing stigma. It may also be appropriate for disaster preparedness, management, and recovery use in an effective and cost efficient manner.
Developing classification-based named entity recognizers (NER) for Sambalpuri and Odia applying support vector machines (SVM)
Authors: Behera Pitambar , Muzaffar Sharmin
Published: December 2021

This paper demonstrates the development of named Entity Recognizers (NER) applying Support Vector Machines (SVM) for Sambalpuri and Odia. The Sambalpuri corpus amounts to 112k word tokens out of which 5,887 are named entities. On the contrary, 250k ILCI corpus has been applied for Odia out of which 18,447 tokens are named entities. The former accurately recognizes 96.72% whereas the latter provides 98.10% accuracy.
Determining official languages in the federal states in Nepal
Authors: Regmi Dan Raj
Published: December 2021

While population is the major criterion for determining official languages, other criteria such as language vitality, identity, linguistic right, linguistic geography should be rationally evaluated along with population in terms of numeric rating scales. Exclusively based on merit list, official language should be recommended in the federal states in Nepal.
A preliminary study of Mnar
Authors: Rymbai Ruth , Rawat Arvind Kumar
Published: December 2021

The present paper is an initiatory investigation of Mnar, a dialect of Khasi, which is classified under the Mon-Khmer branch of the Austro-Asiatic language family. Mnar occupies the area known as Jirang, which falls under the RiBhoi district of Meghalaya. Although, Mnar shares common structural traits with other Austro-Asiatic languages, it still exhibits unique properties, providing a great opportunity for succinct investigation of the structural patterns existing in the language.
The complexity of tone in Nubri
Authors: Donohue Cathryn , Donohue Mark
Published: December 2021

This paper introduces the tonal system of the amagaun dialect of Nubri. We first present an introduction to linguistic tone, with a focus on tone as it is found in Tibetan languages, before moving on to describe the tones in Samagaun Nubri monosyllables and disyllabic expressions. We conclude that the tonal system in Nubri cannot be accounted for by exclusive reference to Tibetan languages. The implication is that contact with a non-Tibetan language has played a significant role in the history of the language.
Inter-clausal dependency in Western Tamang
Authors: Regmi Ambika
Published: December 2021

Western Tamang, a highly embedding dialect of Tamang, presents an array of inter-clausal dependency (both semantically and syntactically) ranging from most to least exemplified by verbal complements and chained clauses, respectively. In terms of such dependency, subordinate adverbial clauses stand in between verbal complements and chained clauses in Western Tamang. This is, indeed, a typologically interesting phenomenon, especially, in inter-clausal dependency in Bodic languages like Tamang.
Index and localisation in sign language: interface requirement in search of features
Authors: Sinha Samar
Published: December 2021

This paper analyses INDEX and LOCALISATION as interface requirements owing to different S-M system that creates differences in terms of their features. It aims to provide an account of the structure building feature(s) associated with various instances of the phenomena in Indian Sign Language. The corpus is collected through fieldwork with the Deaf Associations, schools, and communities in India. The methodology employed is deductive following Branson & Miller (1997) and Mathur (2000) (see Sinha 2008 for details). This paper argues that INDEX and LOCALISATION are associated with D head with dfeatures, and provides the ground from which cross-linguistic and cross-modality studies as well as investigations on universal set of features and their values can proceed.
Текстові повідомлення про здоров’я у релігійному дискурсі: психолінгвістичний аналіз
Authors: Kostruba Nataliia
Published: December 2021

Мета дослідження. Для виявлення основних маркерів релігійних повідомлень здійснено психолінгвістичний аналіз текстів звернень церков України про здоров’я у релігійному дискурсі.

Методики дослідження. Матеріалом для дослідження обрано публічні заяви щодо пандемії коронавірусу найчисельніших церков в Україні (православні, католики, протестанти). Загалом, було проаналізовано 8 інформаційних повідомлень, які розділялися на першу реакцію на пандемію (4 повідомлення) та офіційні рекомендації щодо поведінки у часи пандемії (4 повідомлення). Для здійснення психолінгвістичного аналізу використано комп’ютерне забезпечення Statistica 12 та Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC).

Результати. За допомогою комп’ютерної програми LIWC-2015 проаналізовано стильові й змістовні характеристики таких повідомлень, а також виявлено емоційні, когнітивні та структурні маркери досліджуваного тексту. Так, релігійні звернення характеризуються нейтральними емоційними маркерами. Повідомлення мають певну когнітивну складність, про що свідчать і змістовні (наявність причинно-наслідкових зав’язків та фактів), і стильові маркери (часте вживання прийменників та сполучників). Проте, якісний аналіз тексту виявив відсутність складних термінів і конструкцій, що свідчить про доступність і зрозумілість тексту для більшості людей. Повідомлення насичені даними щодо нових правил поведінки у соціумі, дистанціювання, про можливу відсутність прояву симптомів вірусу. Загалом, текст не лише інформативний, але містить й емоційно-підтримуючі вказівки та рішення, дає тимчасові поради щодо життя фізичного і духовного, закликає до молитов і смирення. Текст насичений неозначеними займенниками для акцентуації, що вірус стосується усіх. Повідомлення спрямовані на оцінку і обговорення сьогодення, без прогнозів на майбутнє. Наскрізною характеристикою усіх повідомлень є звернення до церковної залученості, а також до авторитетності влади та органів охорони здоров’я.

Висновки. Текстові повідомлення про здоров’я у релігійному дискурсі характеризуються нейтральними емоційними маркерами та когнітивною простотою. Церкви шляхом масових комунікацій підтримує та поширює інформаційну позицію і настанови держави щодо COVID-19. Перспективи подальших досліджень вбачаємо у конструюванні моделі ефективного повідомлення про здоров’я.

 

Ключові слова: психолінгвістичні маркери, релігійний дискурс, масові комунікації, COVID-19, здоров’я, повідомлення про здоров’я.
A Case Report of Successful Management with Long Term Survival of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Internal Canthus of the Right Eye
Authors: Khmamouche Mohamed Réda , Khmamouche Mohamed Réda , Khmamouche Mehdi , Amine Essaoudi Mohamed , Mahfoud Tarik , Tanz Rachid , Ichou Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequently occurring malignant periocular tumor. The aim of treatment remains surgery with negative margins. We report a case of 65-year-old woman who was diagnosed with BCC of internal canthus of the right eye, in October 2011. The patient was treated by surgical resection in 2 steps with reconstruction by a frontal flap. The treatment resulted in complete remission without any recurrence after ten years of surgery.
LAWS OF THINKING AS A SUBJECT OF RESEARCH IN THE HERITAGE OF PROFESSORS OF THEOLOGICAL-ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHY OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES
Authors:   M.P. Drahomanov National Pedagogical University, Mozghova N. G. , Shushkevych E. M. ,   M.P. Drahomanov National Pedagogical University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to studying the logical and epistemological issues, in particular the laws of thinking in the creative heritage of the representatives of Kyiv theological-academic philosophy of the XIX century, such as V. Karpov, J. Mikhnevych, O. Novytsky, P. Linytsky. The central problem of the article is the theoretical search for ideological origins of understanding the essence, place and significance of the laws of thinking in human cognitive activity. The authors of the article focus on studying the creative heritage only of those personalities who had their own textbooks on logic, although the lectures were delivered without exception by all professors of philosophy of the KTA. This approach to the problem is associated with a number of difficulties, because in the textbooks it was difficult to find the thinker's own position on a particular problem. Despite this, the positions of professors differ significantly from each other. And we tried to prove it. The aim of the study was to clarify the ideological coincidence and at the same time fundamental differences of the main statements on understanding the essence, place and significance of the laws of thinking in human cognitive activity in the creative heritage of professors of the Kyiv Theological Academy. This goal was realized in the following tasks. to analyze the main ideas of works on the logic by K. Karpov, J. Mikhnevych, O. Novytsky, P. Linytsky and to reveal their worldview preferences; find ideological coincidences among the main statements of their theoretical preferences; to substantiate the fact of the influence of the Western European philosophical tradition on the philosophers of the Kyiv school of theological-academic philosophy of the XIX – early XX centuries
High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging–guided endovascular recanalization for nonacute intracranial artery occlusion
Authors: Hou Zhikai , Yan Long , Zhang Zhe , Jing Jing , Lyu Jinhao , Hui Ferdinand K. , Fu Weilun , Yu Ying , Cui Rongrong , Wan Min , Song Jia , Wang Yongjun , Miao Zhongrong , Lou Xin , Ma Ning
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

On the basis of the characteristics of occluded segments on high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (MR-VWI), the authors evaluated the role of high-resolution MR-VWI–guided endovascular recanalization for patients with symptomatic nonacute intracranial artery occlusion (ICAO).

METHODS

Consecutive patients with symptomatic nonacute ICAO that was refractory to aggressive medical treatment were prospectively enrolled and underwent endovascular recanalization. High-resolution MR-VWI was performed before the recanalization intervention. The characteristics of the occluded segments on MR-VWI, including signal intensity, occlusion morphology, occlusion angle, and occlusion length, were evaluated. Technical success was defined as arterial recanalization with modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b or 3 and residual stenosis < 50%. Perioperative complications were recorded. The characteristics of the occluded segments on MR-VWI were compared between the recanalized group and the failure group.

RESULTS

Twenty-five patients with symptomatic nonacute ICAO that was refractory to aggressive medical treatment were consecutively enrolled from April 2020 to February 2021. Technical success was achieved in 19 patients (76.0%). One patient (4.0%) had a nondisabling ischemic stroke during the perioperative period. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that successful recanalization of nonacute ICAO was associated with occlusion with residual lumen (OR 0.057, 95% CI 0.004–0.735, p = 0.028) and shorter occlusion length (OR 0.853, 95% CI 0.737–0.989, p = 0.035).

CONCLUSIONS

The high-resolution MR-VWI modality could be used to guide endovascular recanalization for nonacute ICAO. Occlusion with residual lumen and shorter occlusion length on high-resolution MR-VWI were identified as predictors of technical success of endovascular recanalization for nonacute ICAO.
FRANSIZ MÜZİKOLOG LOUIS ALBERT BOURGAULT-DUCOUDRAY'E GÖRE DOĞU KROMATİĞİ VE ARMONİZESİ
Authors: YALÇIN Gökhan
Published: December 2021

Paris Konservatuarı'nda musiki tarihi öğretmeni olan Müzikolog Louis Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray (1840-1910) 1875 tarihinde araştırma yapmak üzere Fransa hükümeti tarafından görevlendirilmiş ve görev süresince İstanbul, İzmir ve Atina gibi şehirlerde musiki üzerine araştırmalarda bulunmuştur. Yaptığı araştırmalardan elde ettiği bilgi ve derlemeleri "Trente Melodies Populaires de Grece et D'orient/Yunanistan ve Şarktan 30 Popüler Melodi" başlığı adı altında 1877 yılında Paris'te yayınlamıştır. Mezkûr kitabında Bourgault-Ducoudray, halk ezgilerinin dizilerini Antik Yunan modlarından hareketle dörtlü ve beşliler ile açıklamış ve derlediği eserleri de çok seslendirmiştir. İki bölümden oluşan kitabın birinci bölümünde Bourgault-Ducoudray, öncelikli olarak Antik Yunan modlarını ele almış, Doğu kromatiği ve hibrit adını verdiği diziler ile ilişkilerini açıklamıştır. Kitabının ikinci bölümünde ise eserlerin büyük çoğunluğunun İzmir'den (Smyrne) derlendiği anlaşılan otuz adet piyano eşlikli şan eserinin notalarına yer vermiştir. Bourgault-Ducoudray kitabının ikinci bölümünde Atina, Megara, İstanbul ve İzmir'de bulunduğu süre içerisinde derlediği otuz halk ezgisini şan ve piyano için çok seslendirmiştir. Bu çalışmada Bourgault-Ducoudray'e göre Doğu kromatiği konusu incelenmiş ve Doğu kromatiği dizisine sahip olduğu düşünülen beş halk ezgisinin çok seslendirilmesinde kullanılan akorlarının analizine yer verilmiştir.
Friendly settlement of dispute in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Zavhorodnii Vitaliy , Zhravel Oleh
Published: December 2021

The existing approaches of lawyers to understanding the characteristics, types and structure of decisions of the Court of Justice of the Council of Europe, adopted by it on the basis of amicable settlement of disputes and substantiation on this basis of the author's concept of phenomena declaration of amicable settlement and unilateral declaration of the Government. The author analyzes and critically comprehends the doctrinal conclusions and provisions of national legislation on the need to separate the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, which, along with the rulings of the Court of Justice, are subject to mandatory implementation by the State party to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
Human rights as an object of national security of Ukraine
Authors: Nalyvaiko Oleh , Bratishko Nataliya
Published: December 2021

The article examines the concept of human rights, their meaning, the relationship with guarantees of observance and protection. The classification of types of human rights and freedoms is carried out. Guarantees of legality of restriction of rights are analyzed. The main aspects of human rights as a subject of national security of Ukraine are considered. Considering the problems of national security system management as a materialization of the regulatory strategy of this body, it is important to consider the role of law in this process. Law, as a regulator of public relations, is one of the effective tools, on the one hand, on the other - as a means of optimizing the functioning of the system of national security, in particular. It is determined that human rights are the main criterion for assessing the quality of statehood, the degree of its democracy, commitment to the legal basis, morality, universal values. Thus, human rights and freedoms and their guarantees determine the content and direction of the state. The issues of realization, protection and defense of human rights have become especially important in the context of modern negative factors, including military aggression in eastern Ukraine, economic crisis, quarantine restrictions, etc. It is concluded that human rights are closely linked to their security. According to the current UN classification, the satisfaction of citizens' rights should take place in the following areas of its security: economic security, health security, environmental, public, political, personal and food security. Today, human rights and freedoms are one of the most important objects of national security in Ukraine. By fixing real protection and guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of the individual in a particular community, human rights can act as a humanistic guideline for the development not only of the state as a whole, but also of the national security system formed in the country.
Robert Nozick özelinde liberteryenizmin vergi adaleti tartışması
Authors: YORULDU Mutlu , ÇAMLI Ahmet Yavuz
Published: December 2021

Klasik liberal düşünceye göre devlet sosyal ve ekonomik hayata müdahale etmemelidir. Devlet, güvenlik gibi sadece asli görevlerini yerine getirebilecek kadar harcamada bulunup vergi tahsil etmelidir. Liberteryenizm, klasik liberal düşüncenin devamı olarak minimal devlet anlayışını savunur. Bununla birlikte liberteryenizm, liberal yaklaşımın radikal bir savunusunu yapar. Bu bakımdan liberteryenlere göre devletin fonksiyonelliği ne derece sınırlandırılırsa bireysel özgürlük alanı o derece genişletilir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı liberteryen akımın öncülerinden olan Robert Nozick’in düşünceleri çerçevesinde vergi adaleti konusunu araştırmaktır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre liberteryen doktrinde vergi adaletine ulaşabilmenin temel şartı gelir ve servet üzerinden düz oranlı vergi alınmasıdır. Öte yandan Türk vergi hukuku açısından değerlendirildiğinde bu yöntemin gelir ve servet dağılımında adaletsizliği tetikleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülür.
Spelling Features of the Copy «Legends of the Kolochskaya Icon of the Mother of God» as Part of Herman Tulupov’s Menaion
Authors: Илюшин Николай Юрьевич
Published: December 2021

Рукописная традиция текста «Сказания о Колочской иконе Божией Матери» прекрасно разработана Л. И. Журовой. В связи с этим в данной работе представлены результаты магистерского исследования, посвящённого особенностям текста в Минеях Четиих Германа Тулупова. Большое внимание уделено орфографии Сказания и сравнению её с некоторыми другими текстами из этой минеи.

The handwritten tradition of the text «The Legend of the Kolochskaya Icon of the Mother of God» was beautifully developed by L. I. Zhurova. In this regard, this work presents the results of a master’s study devoted to the peculiarities of the text in the Menaion of the four by Hieromonk Herman (Tulupov). Much attention is paid to the spelling of the Legend and its comparison with some other texts from this Menaion.
History of the Researching the Life of the st. Irinarch, the Recluse of Rostov in the First Half 19th - Beginning of 20th Century
Authors: Рогозин Максим Андреевич
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена рассмотрению истории изучения жития прп. Иринарха Затворника Ростовского историками, археографами, краеведами и другими исследователями XIX - нач. XX в.

The article analyses history of the researching the life of the st. Irinarch, the recluse of Rostov by historians, archaeographers, and other researchers of the 19th - beg. 20th century.
Medicalization of Sexual Desire
Authors: Stegenga Jacob
Published: December 2021

Medicalisation is a social phenomenon in which conditions that were once under legal, religious, personal or other jurisdictions are brought into the domain of medical authority. Low sexual desire in females has been medicalised, pathologised as a disease, and intervened upon with a range of pharmaceuticals. There are two polarised positions on the medicalisation of low female sexual desire: I call these the mainstream view and the critical view. I assess the central arguments for both positions. Dividing the two positions are opposing models of the aetiology of low female sexual desire. I conclude by suggesting that the balance of arguments supports a modest defence of the critical view regarding the medicalisation of low female sexual desire.
ШОУ ЯК ФЕНОМЕН МАСОВОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ: СУТНІСНІ ОЗНАКИ Й ФУНКЦІЇ
Authors: Кириченко Альона Олегівна
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — аналітично осмислити визначення поняття «шоу», розкрити функції та сутнісні ознаки концертних шоу в сучасній масовій культурі. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на системному підході (для розкриття взаємозв’язків між різними видами шоу, виявлення та концептуалізації їх функціональних характеристик); аналітичному та компаративному аналізі (для уточнення понятійного апарату). Наукова новизна одер- жаних результатів полягає у з’ясуванні сутнісних рис шоу як культурного продукту масо- вого суспільства, таких як публічність, масовість, видовищність, висока технологічність, орієнтація на глядача, краса, яка проявляється в стані артиста і зовнішньому антуражі. Висновки. Зазначено, що технічні відкриття, демократичні перетворення, урбаністичні процеси ХІХ−ХХ ст. стали основою створення нових соціально-економічних відносин, прояву нового типу культури — масової, що спричинило розвиток нових тенденцій в куль- турі та мистецтві. Проаналізовано багатозначність терміна «шоу» в культурологічному дискурсі: шоу може називатися телевізійна, радіопрограма, театральна вистава, масове видовище, модний показ. Визначено, що під концертним шоу розуміється концертна про- грама — сольна чи збірна, яка характеризується видовищністю, масовістю, яскравістю, технологічністю виражальних засобів. Сучасне шоу — це більше «як?», аніж «що?», тоб- то украй ефектно, помпезно, захопливо, різнобарвно, динамічно та оригінально, адже сучасний глядач прагне незабутніх вражень. Виокремлено основні функції шоу: гедоніс- тична, компенсаторна, комунікативна, інформативна та пізнавальна, функція емоційного регулювання. Наголошено на тому, що концертне шоу має сприяти розвитку творчого потенціалу аудиторії, розширювати світогляд, надавати нову інформацію. Найвищою ме- тою організаторів шоу можна вважати підвищення загальної культури суспільства.
ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ МУЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Могилевська Наталія Олексіївна
Published: December 2021

У статті розглядаються умови здійснення дослідження музичної культури, які впливають на розвиток наукових знань. Мета статті — з’ясувати особливості розвитку наукових досліджень музичної культури в умовах сучасної України в контексті національних та глобальних процесів. Методологія дослідження полягає у загальнонаукових і спеціальних методах. До перших належать логічний і діалектичний методи, а до других — системний та історико-порівняльний. Висновки. Визначено, що на початковому етапі досліджень музичної культури багатьом доробкам був властивий перехідний формат, однак відкриття нових архівних матеріалів та доступ до світових досягнень змінили ситуацію в напрямку розвитку міждисциплінарного підходу, який змушує переглянути встановлені стереотипи. Наголошується, що в процесі реформування як держави в цілому, так і окремих її інститутів значний вплив на розвиток досліджень музичної культури відіграла боротьба із плагіатом та вимога розширення публікацій у наукометричних базах. Однак вищі навчальні заклади і академічні наукові установи не змогли позбутися бюрократичного контролю, а в процесі реформування не було запропоновано формули, за якою наукова спільнота могла б визначати ефективність оприлюднення наукових результатів. Підкреслюється національний та глобалізаційний вплив на ефективність діяльності науковців. Визначено, що на сьогодні вже можна говорити про існування ряду наукових центрів, де вивчаються проблеми музичної культури, зокрема — це Національна музична академія України ім. П. І. Чайковського, Київський національний університет культури і мистецтв та інші установи. Тож нагромадження позитивних змін проявилося в наукових ідеях, дослідженні нових тем і впровадженні наукових результатів у навчальний процес чи практичну діяльність державних установ та громадських організацій.
ФРАНЦУЗЬКІ КУЛЬТУРАЛЬНІ СТУДІЇ: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Носенок Богдана Едуардівна
Published: December 2021

Метою статті є виявлення особливостей французьких культуральних студій, а також розкриття соціального характеру французької культурології. З огляду на логіку цієї статті, важливе завдання — продемонструвати розвиток французьких культуральних досліджень, окреслити особливості розвитку культурології у французькому соціокультурному просторі. Методологія статті пов’язана з опрацюванням джерел, присвячених історії становлення культурології у Франції та її місця у системі наук цієї країни. У ході написання дослідницької роботи було використано міждисциплінарний підхід, настанови теорії асамбляжів. Наукова новизна статті полягає у визначенні особливостей розвитку досліджень культури у Франції. Зокрема, йдеться про пошуки місця культурології та культурологічних досліджень. Пропонована праця торкається проблемного питання про специфіку та значення Études culturelles у системі наук у Франції. Висновки. Французькі культуральні дослідження — Études culturelles — зосереджуються навколо трьох ключових полів: мистецтво, письмо, мова. Французькі науковці-культурологи впевнені: лінгвістичне середовище не може існувати окремо від соціуму. Тому французькі дослідження у сфері культурології балансують між двома напрямами: humanities та social science. Було, зокрема, виявлено, що для французької культурології характерні такі моменти: розуміння культури як видимої території, на якій триває боротьба щодо захисту певної ідеї Франції; наголос на понятті «нація»; зв’язок розвитку культури та реформи освіти; створення державою універсальної системи національної освіти; увага до розвитку мови та літератури. У Франції культуральні дослідження залишаються суперечливими, вони є чимось погано зрозумілим, оскільки французькі мислителі є класикою для цих міждисциплінарних гуманітарних наук. На перший план часто виходить ідея опору та «заперечення культури». Проте є тема, яка об’єднує французьких культурологів: критика релятивізму, яку приписують культурології в ім’я захисту школи.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ У СТВОРЕННІ ХУДОЖНЬОГО ТВОРУ ТА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТВОРЧОГО ПРОЦЕСУ
Authors: Совгира Тетяна Ігорівна
Published: December 2021

Мета статті — виявити унікальну роль технології у створенні художнього твору та організації творчого процесу, з’ясувати її специфіку у виробництві художніх творів. Методологія ґрунтується на застосуванні аналітичного, теоретичного і концептуального методів дослідження значення технології як способу організації художнього процесу в культурному становленні людства. Наукова новизна полягає в теоретичному осмисленні поняття «технологія» як творчого методу. Виявлена формотворча роль технології у з’ясуванні стилю та жанру художнього твору. Висновки. Сучасне розуміння технології полягає у синтезі математичних, природничих наук та культурних надбань, яке застосовується скрізь, де йдеться про прогрес людства. Доведено, що технологія є методом художньої творчості — вона визначає специфіку твору з практичного боку. Тому впродовж культурного становлення людства відбувається поступове технологічне вдосконалення мистецтва. Виявлено, що техніко-технологічні відмінності не тільки впливають на формування різних видів і напрямів мистецтва, але й призводять до утворення різноманітних жанрів та їх диференціації, а також класифікації жанрово-стилістичного розмаїття. Застосування певної виробничої техніки в творчості формує художній стиль. Встановлено, що художній стиль являє собою «застиглий» у творі відбиток техніки та технології його виготовлення, виробництва. Тобто поняття художнього стилю невід’ємне від технології організації художнього процесу. Визначено, що специфіка технології обумовлюється витратним матеріалом. Зокрема, відповідно до цього назви живописних технік часто збігаються з витратними матеріалами. Зауважено, що у мистецтві скульптури також простежується формоутворювальна роль технології у процесі художнього виробництва.
Ecuador: Use commercial marketing to increase sustainability
Authors:   Frontiers in Reproductive Health
Published: December 2021

Many nongovernmental organizations sell contraceptives through retail outlets to generate income and expand access to these products. In 1998 Centro Médico de Orientación y Planifación Familiar (CEMOPLAF) employed 25 sales agents in 14 cities throughout Ecuador. These agents sold products, including contraceptive methods and home pregnancy tests, to pharmacies, physicians, other distributors, and nontraditional outlets. Contraceptive sales were CEMOPLAF’s largest source of revenue in 1997. Sales had grown rapidly during 1996–97, but CEMOPLAF managers did not know whether product sales were profitable. With support from the Population Council and Family Health International, CEMOPLAF made a detailed analysis of product sales income and costs during 1998. As noted in this summary, the analysis found that net revenue is the best measure of sales performance, since it takes product costs into account; sales agents in large cities had the largest sales and generated most of the profits, whereas sales agents in smaller cities had lower sales volume; and program managers should set up a routine financial analysis system to monitor product sales, profits, and unit costs for sound decision-making.