bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Smartphone-Based Decision Support Tool for Predicting Patients at Risk of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Retrospective Study on App Development Using Decision Tree Induction (Preprint)
Authors: Mosa Abu Saleh Mohammad , Rana Md Kamruz Zaman , Islam Humayera , Hossain A K M Mosharraf , Yoo Illhoi
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are the two most frightful and unpleasant side effects of chemotherapy. CINV is accountable for poor treatment outcomes, treatment failure, or even death. It can affect patients' overall quality of life, leading to many social, economic, and clinical consequences.

OBJECTIVE

This study compared the performances of different data mining models for predicting the risk of CINV among the patients and developed a smartphone app for clinical decision support to recommend the risk of CINV at the point of care.

METHODS

Data were collected by retrospective record review from the electronic medical records used at the University of Missouri Ellis Fischel Cancer Center. Patients who received chemotherapy and standard antiemetics at the oncology outpatient service from June 1, 2010, to July 31, 2012, were included in the study. There were six independent data sets of patients based on emetogenicity (low, moderate, and high) and two phases of CINV (acute and delayed). A total of 14 risk factors of CINV were chosen for data mining. For our study, we used five popular data mining algorithms: (1) naive Bayes algorithm, (2) logistic regression classifier, (3) neural network, (4) support vector machine (using sequential minimal optimization), and (5) decision tree. Performance measures, such as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with 10-fold cross-validation, were used for model comparisons. A smartphone app called CINV Risk Prediction Application was developed using the ResearchKit in iOS utilizing the decision tree algorithm, which conforms to the criteria of explainable, usable, and actionable artificial intelligence. The app was created using both the bulk questionnaire approach and the adaptive approach.

RESULTS

The decision tree performed well in both phases of high emetogenic chemotherapies, with a significant margin compared to the other algorithms. The accuracy measure for the six patient groups ranged from 79.3% to 94.8%. The app was developed using the results from the decision tree because of its consistent performance and simple, explainable nature. The bulk questionnaire approach asks 14 questions in the smartphone app, while the adaptive approach can determine questions based on the previous questions' answers. The adaptive approach saves time and can be beneficial when used at the point of care.

CONCLUSIONS

This study solved a real clinical problem, and the solution can be used for personalized and precise evidence-based CINV management, leading to a better life quality for patients and reduced health care costs.
The Use of Food Images and Crowdsourcing to Capture Real-time Eating Behaviors: Acceptability and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Harrington Katharine , Zenk Shannon N , Van Horn Linda , Giurini Lauren , Mahakala Nithya , Kershaw Kiarri N
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

As poor diet quality is a significant risk factor for multiple noncommunicable diseases prevalent in the United States, it is important that methods be developed to accurately capture eating behavior data. There is growing interest in the use of ecological momentary assessments to collect data on health behaviors and their predictors on a micro timescale (at different points within or across days); however, documenting eating behaviors remains a challenge.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study (N=48) aims to examine the feasibility—usability and acceptability—of using smartphone-captured and crowdsource-labeled images to document eating behaviors in real time.

METHODS

Participants completed the Block Fat/Sugar/Fruit/Vegetable Screener to provide a measure of their typical eating behavior, then took pictures of their meals and snacks and answered brief survey questions for 7 consecutive days using a commercially available smartphone app. Participant acceptability was determined through a questionnaire regarding their experiences administered at the end of the study. The images of meals and snacks were uploaded to Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), a crowdsourcing distributed human intelligence platform, where 2 Workers assigned a count of food categories to the images (fruits, vegetables, salty snacks, and sweet snacks). The agreement among MTurk Workers was assessed, and weekly food counts were calculated and compared with the Screener responses.

RESULTS

Participants reported little difficulty in uploading photographs and remembered to take photographs most of the time. Crowdsource-labeled images (n=1014) showed moderate agreement between the MTurk Worker responses for vegetables (688/1014, 67.85%) and high agreement for all other food categories (871/1014, 85.89% for fruits; 847/1014, 83.53% for salty snacks, and 833/1014, 81.15% for sweet snacks). There were no significant differences in weekly food consumption between the food images and the Block Screener, suggesting that this approach may measure typical eating behaviors as accurately as traditional methods, with lesser burden on participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Our approach offers a potentially time-efficient and cost-effective strategy for capturing eating events in real time.
Predict the Risk of Dyslipidemia Using Electronic Health Records: Apply Deep Neural Networks for Survival Data (Preprint)
Authors: Liang Hailun , Liang Dongzuo , Tao Lei , Zhang Xiaoshuai , Li Xiao , Zheng Da , Chen Yuhan , Yi Meixi , Tang Fang
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease and stroke. Early detection and prevention of dyslipidemia can markedly alter cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cox proportional hazard model has been commonly employed for survival datasets to construct the prediction model. Recently, the data-driven learning algorithm began to be used to analyze right-censored survival data. However, there is no attempt to use deep neural networks in dyslipidemia prediction.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to predict the risk of dyslipidemia via deep neural networks for survival data.

METHODS

The study cohort was based on the routine health check-up data from 6,328 participants aged 19 to 90 years and free of dyslipidemia at baseline. A deep neural network (DNN) was used to develop risk models for predicting dyslipidemia. Cox Proportional Hazards (Cox) and Random Survival Forests (RSF) were applied in comparison with the DNN model. As our metric of performance, we use the time-dependent concordance index (Ctd-index).

RESULTS

The Ctd-index of the prediction models by using DNN was 0.802. The DNN model performed significantly better than Cox and RSF model (Ctd-index: 0.735 and 0.770, respectively). The improvement of DNN over the competing methods was statistically significant. Moreover, DNN provides performance gain on time intervals compared to conventional survival models.

CONCLUSIONS

DNN is a promising method in learning the estimated distribution of survival time and event while capturing the right-censored nature inherent in survival data. DNN achieves large and statistically significant performance improvements over previous intuitive regression model and state-of-the-art data-mining methods.
Understanding the Psychological Perspective of Political Trust in Indonesia Context
Authors: Adinugroho Indro
Published: December 2021

Political trust, conceptually understood as a trust in politics, refers to the positive expectation from the citizen that the government, as an institution leader, will deliver citizen’s best interest through policies and regulations. Political trust is considered as one of the indicators that mark legitimation of existing government in addition to the result from election. Trust in politics is a fundamental element that can connect government and citizens for which benefit policies acceptance and avoid political conflict. The dynamic interaction between government and citizens is the most valuable aspect in democracy, of which the government, as the highest administrator, carries aspiration from the public. For Indonesia, a democratic country with its uniqueness in culture, it is crucial to investigate factors that might contribute as the dimensions of political trust. Such comprehensive understanding can inform the betterment of the democratic practices in Indonesia towards a more robust democracy. In this review study, the author analyzed political trust from a psychological perspective and proposes four basic dimensions to understand political trust from Indonesian perspective. These are cultural dimension, gender dimension, subjective preference dimension, and performance dimension.
Karakteristik Agroforestri Kebun Campuran di Kapanewon Patuk Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Hidayati Arifah , Suryanto Priyono , Sadono Ronggo , Alam Taufan
Published: December 2021

Selama beberapa dekade terakhir, agroforestri menjadi solusi atas minimnya ketersediaan lahan di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia, termasuk di Kecamatan Patuk dengan pola kebun campur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur dan komposisi vegetasi pada agroforestri kebun campuran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kapanewon Pathuk, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia pada bulan Juni – Agustus 2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan tiga kategori luas lahan yaitu sempit (<500 m2), sedang (500-1000 m2), dan besar (>1000 m2). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode sensus pada semua tahapan kehidupan pohon kemudian dianalisis dengan menghitung nilai indek penting (INP) dan Margalef Richness Index (R). Struktur pohon divisualisasikan menggunakan SexI-FS software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa agroforestri kebun campuran di Kapanewon Patuk terdiri dari tanaman penghasil kayu, jenis pohon serbaguna, dan tanaman semusim. Kebun campuran di tiga kategori lahan masing-masing terdiri dari 23, 25, dan 21 jenis pohon. Durian, mahoni, dan sonokeling mendominasi semua kategori lahan.
Graphene and its Phononics: A Review
Authors:   Department of Applied Science and Humanities, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi (India)-110025, AHMAD FAREED , SINGH SUNDAR ,   Department of Physics, Bareilly College Bareilly-243005 (India)
Published: December 2021

Graphene, a unique allotrope of carbon, has garnered a huge amount of attention amongst researchers as its unique properties and promising applications in various real-life domains like in efficient batteries, solar cells, medicinal technologies, environmental remediation, circuit boards, lighting and display, and anti-corrosion has resulted in its commercial exploitation and implementation in everyday life. Since 2004 graphene has been one of the most beautiful scientific and technological achievements. The unique electronic cloud forming the bond between different carbon atoms in graphene leads to several inquisitive questions raised in the field of quantum physics. Till now graphene has been exploited for its electronic and optical properties but new research has shown that phononic properties of graphene will lead to the development of “killer” practical applications in the future. In this review article we have explored the structure, properties and the phononics of graphene with a special reference to few-layer graphene (FLG) and graphene Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs).
Decision Making in English as an Additional Language: Surprises and Advantages
Authors: Przymus Steve Daniel , Brooks Zachary
Published: December 2021

Do adult learners of English make different and sometimes better decisions in English than their monolingual peers and teachers? It is likely, possible, and probable. Using evidence from classroom decision making studies, with over 500 participants, we demonstrate that often adult English learners (henceforth adult Active Bilingual Learners/Users of English [ABLE]) make more accurate decisions in English than first language English speakers, when given time and the ability to utilize their whole linguistic repertoire (i.e., translanguaging). We specifically look at differences in decisions that involve 1) common adverbs of frequency (rare, possible, likely, frequently, etc.) and 2) system 1 (implicit) vs. system 2 (analytical) thinking in cognitive reflection tests, such as math story problems. Understanding these surprising differences and advantages in decision making in English as an Additional Language (EAL) has important practical implications for test preparation and daily instruction for adult ABLE students, and potentially as well for ABLE youth in K-12 schools.
The Synergy between John Dewey’s Educational Democracy and Educational Reforms in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Ph.D. Mary Helou, , Ed.D. Linda Crismon, , M. S. P. Christopher Crismon,
Published: December 2021

“Education, therefore, is a process of living and not a preparation for future living. John DeweyThe current study examines the impact of John Dewey’s democratic educational principles on the recent educational reforms in New South Wales, Australia, using data collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, with open-ended questions, as part of case studies designed for this purpose. The participants in this study are all Australian educators (n=60), undertaking full-time and part-time academic posts, involving learning and teaching activities at universities and other higher educational institutions/providers in Sydney, Australia. As part of the case studies, the individual, personal, and professional teaching and learning journeys of the educators are sketched in details in relation to John Dewey’s four (4) key democratic educational reformative principles. Finally, this research study concludes by providing a realistic response to the following question: Given the current liberal and relatively democratic educational system in New South Wales, are the Australian educators truly given the opportunity to create a positive and constructive future vision for Australia, in general, and the Australian graduates, in particular. The current study further provides a realistic and clear-cut description of the hurdles facing the current educational system in New South Wales, Australia.
Sobre Élodie Dupey García y Guadalupe Pinzón Ríos, coords., De olfato. Aproximaciones a los olores en la historia de México
Authors: Magaña Santiago María de los Angeles
Published: December 2021

Reseña sobre Élodie Dupey García y Guadalupe Pinzón Ríos, coords., De olfato. Aproximaciones a los olores en la historia de México. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica/Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas/Centro de Estudios Mexicanos y Centroamericanos, 2020.
Features of the Use of Phase-Manipulated Pseudo-Random Signals without On-Board Processing in Satellite Communication Systems with a Nonlinear Repeater
Authors: Mursaev A.N. , Zinkin S.V.
Published: December 2021

The features of the use of phase-manipulated pseudo-random signals without on-board processing in satellite communication systems with a nonlinear repeater are analyzed. In particular, the process of passing signals through a nonlinear repeater is considered, taking into account the resulting combinational interference. In more detail, attention is paid to one of the ways of noise protection of satellite communication lines - the use of spatial signal processing and interference in antenna systems. Depending on the type and number of subscribers served by antenna systems, the implementation of the above method is possible by using spatial selection of signals and interference, based on the use of antennas with narrow directional patterns; spatial interference rejection, based on the use of adaptive antenna systems that form dips in the directional pattern in the direction of interference sources; suppression of narrow-band interference in the notch frequency filter and the joint application of all these methods of interference suppression. The placement of multipath antennas on board a repeater satellite, in addition to increasing the noise immunity of satellite communication lines, provides: an increase in the energy potential of the satellite communication line; multiple frequency reuse; multi-station access with time separation and switching of beams on board; the formation of a given service area from a system of independent partial beams with intersecting narrow radiation patterns; the protection of satellite communication lines due to the localization of electromagnetic radiation in a narrow solid angle. The use of multipath antennas with a large number of independently controlled beams on board the repeater satellite significantly complicates the repeater and worsens its weight and size characteristics. For this reason, existing satellite communication systems use multipath antennas, which, as a rule, have no more than 7...10 beams with independent control.
Biscuit Thickness Validation (HPDC)
Authors: Sharma Bharat
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Thank you very much; I am bharat sharma founder of steady die casting solutions. This time I have found one more solution for biscuit thickness validation in high pressure die casting. In this paper we will discuss, what is biscuit thickness?, why we need to identify right biscuit thickness?, how we can validate right biscuit thickness? and effect of biscuit thickness variation. This paper is all about to clear all myth to calculate biscuit thickness in high pressure die casting. This is very serious business when we are calculating biscuit thickness to avoid casting defect. Through this paper I would like to share this knowledge and I hope it will helpful to others. “Keep learning till death “. Keywords: (Biscuit thickness, plunger, hpdc, die casting, casting defect, solidification)
Effect Of Suvarna Bhasma (Gold Calx) On Reproductive System Of Male Albino Rats
Authors: Godatwar P  , Prasad Bs  , Skandhan Kp  , Mehra Bl  , Singh G  , Mounika B
Published: December 2021

“Suvarna Bhasma” (gold calx) (SB) prepared as per Ayurveda, a practicing medical system, is prescribed as a medicine in several ailments including conditions like oligozoospermia and asthenoszoospermia in male infertility. SB is prepared from pure metal gold by one of the processing methods detailed in Ayurveda classics. Gold along with other elements was reported in normal human seminal plasma. . In human pathological semen samples, the level of gold was less than normal. Gold may have a role in physiological activity of sperm as shown in case of other elements. The present study supports the hypothesis that the presence of gold is essential for sperm motility. Here we studied the effect of SB on male reproductive organs and semen from epididymis of rat. Present study was performed using Charles foster strain albino rats. Rats were divided into two groups of ten each namely, Group 1 (control) and Group 2 (study). Animals in study group were orally given a fixed amount of SB for 15 days. At the end of the study treated animals showed increase in body weight (<0.05) and testicular weight. In treated animals total sperm count (<0.05) and percentage of sperm motility were increased in epididymal fluid. Histological study showed increase in interstitial area of testes (<0.001), proliferation and branching of the epithelial layer of seminal vesicle. In the Study (gold treated) Group, the increased gold level in genital system may be responsible for the increase in sperm production and motility.
Formulation and Characterization of Chitosan Based Dexibuprofen Nanoparticles Using Ionotropic Gelation Method
Authors: S.Vivekanandan  , Berit Lindholm  , K.Raghunandan  Reddy  , P. Venkatesan
Published: December 2021

Dexibuprofen  is a pharmacologically  active enantiomer  of racemic  ibuprofen  (NSAID),  which  is used to treat pain and inflammation.  Like common NSAIDs, Dexibuprofen  is an active enantiomer of ibuprofen that suppresses the prostanoid synthesis in the inflammatory  cells via inhibition of the COX-2 isoform of the arachidonic acid COX. The therapeutic  use of Dexibuprofen  is limited by the rapidity of the onset of its action and its short biological half-life. Hence, our aim was to develop Dexibuprofen  nanoparticles  formulation to overcome these disadvantages  using optimized concentration  of polymers by appropriate methods for nanoparticle  preparation.  The drug and the nanoparticle  formulation  of Dexibuprofen  F11 were comparatively  assessed for FT IR spectrums  by using FT-IR method. The DSC study was used as one of the tool to assess the compatibility  between drug and the excipients. As per DSC thermograms,  the drug as well as drug with mixture of excipients  chitosan,  sodium  tripolyphosphate  had shown no interactions  with dexibuprofen.  The ionotropic  gelation  method  was used to prepare  Dexibuprofen  nanoparticles.  The  chitosan  and  sodium  tripolyphosphate  (TPP)  of  different  concentrations  were  used  as  polymers  to  prepare Dexibuprofen  nanoparticles.  Total eleven  different  formulations  were explored  with different  concentrations  of drug : polymer  ratios using ionotropic  gelation method  to  identify  optimal  concentrations  of  polymer.  Among  different  formulations,  F11  formulation  with  optimized  concentration  of 5%  chitosan  and  1% Sodium  tripolyphosphate  polymers  along  with  Dexibuprofen  showed  maximum  drug  release.  The  objective  was  to  evaluate  the  developed  Dexibuprofen nanoparticles.  In-vitro  drug  release  was  evaluated  in  0.05M  phosphate  buffer  pH7.2  and  found  that  the  drug  release  of  F11  formulation  of  Dexibuprofen nanoparticle  had shown release till 24 hours more than that of other trials. Hence, F11 formulation  was considered  as the optimized nanoparticle  formulation  to control drug release till 24 hours. The entrapment efficacy of the formulated Nanoparticles  was found to be in the range of 75.48%-91.22%  respectively.
Brugerinddragelse: Buzzword, blålys eller bæredygtighed
Authors: Helm Lise Lotte
Published: December 2021

Denne artikel sætter fokus på, hvad der skal til, for at brugerinddragelse på det sociale område kan blive en realitet. Artiklens pointe er, at brugerinddragelse kun bliver bæredygtige tiltag, hvis den prioriteres og koordineres i en fleksibel implementering på alle niveauer i det samfundsmæssige system. Brugerinddragelse forbliver let et blålys eller et buzzword uden etisk substans, hvis ikke også de politiske og organisatoriske rammer for borgere og behandlere rummer reelle muligheder for fleksibilitet, kreativitet, differentiering og forandring.

 

Artiklen bygger på et aktionsforskningsprojekt vedr. organisatorisk brugerinddragelse på Holmstrupgård, en socialpsykiatrisk døgninstitution for unge og unge voksne i Region Midtjylland (Helm, 2020). Derud over bygger artiklen på to litteraturstudier. Det ene udarbejdet ifm. Ph.d.-projektet, det andet i forlængelse af projektet.  Tilsammen viser undersøgelserne, at det gennem afstemt kommunikation er muligt at inddrage borgerne i dialog og i beslutninger af organisatorisk karakter i det omfang lovgivning, standarder, institutionelle rammer, strukturer og forventninger giver plads til det, men at det omvendt også er disse faktorer, der direkte eller indirekte medvirker til at danne barrierer for brugerinddragelsen.
The dual C and O isotope – gas exchange model: A concept review for understanding plant responses to the environment and its application in tree rings
Authors: Siegwolf Rolf , Lehmann Marco , Goldsmith Gregory , (Sidorova) Olga Churakova , Mirande-Ney Cathleen , (Timoveeva) Galina Gruspante , Weigt Rosemarie , Saurer Matthias
Published: December 2021

The combined study of C and O isotopes in plant organic matter has
emerged as a powerful tool for understanding plant functional response
to environmental change. The approach relies on established
relationships between leaf gas exchange and isotopic fractionation to
derive a series of model scenarios that can be used to draw inferences
about changes in photosynthetic assimi-lation and stomatal conductance
driven by changes in environmental parameters (CO2, water availability,
air humidity, temperature, nutrients). We review the mechanistic basis
for model and research to date, and discuss where isotopic observations
don’t match our current under-standing of plant physiological response
to environment. We demonstrate that 1) the model has been applied
successfully in many, but not all studies, and 2), while originally
conceived for leaf isotopes, the model has been applied extensively to
tree ring isotopes in the context of tree phys-iology and
dendrochronology. Where isotopic observations deviate from
physiologically plau-sible conclusions, this mismatch between
gas-exchange and isotope response provides valuable insights on
underlying physiological processes. Overall, we found that isotope
responses can be grouped into situations of increasing resource
limitation versus higher resource availability. Thus, the dual isotope
model helps to interpret plant responses to a multitude of environmental
factors.
Postpartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction with cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage and　posterior　reversible　encephalopathy syndrome concomitant with vertebral artery dissection diagnosed by MRI MSDE method; a case report and review of literature.
Authors: Sano Kenshi , Kuge Atsushi , Kondo Rei , Yamaki Tetsu , Homma Hiroshi , Saito Shinjiro , Sonoda Yukihiko
Published: December 2021

Our case was rare in that multiple phenomena of postpartum stroke
occurred at the same time. What is remarkable about this case was the
confirmation of the reversibility of these pathological conditions
through multifaceted evaluations, including the MRI MSDE method.
Adipsic Hypernatremia with Neurologic Manifestations in a Patient with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Case Report
Authors: Kasim Mohammad , Strandvic Gustav , Mahmood Ismail , Ahmad Muayad , Nashwan Abdulqadir
Published: December 2021

This report describes a case of a 50-year-old man with hypertension who
was admitted with a history of fever, chills, and shortness of breath
and tested positive for COVID-19. Shortly after resolving his ARDS, he
developed an adipsic hypernatremia with associated confusion, lethargy,
and weakness.
Caffeine and Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ：Clinical Benefits and Its Mechanisms
Authors: Yuan Yuan , yang Yang , Lei Xiaoping , DONG WENBIN
Published: December 2021

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic respiratory disease caused
by a combination of prenatal and postnatal factors that leads to the
disruption of lung development and abnormal repair, this is a condition
that is commonly seen in premature infants. With the improvement of
treatment technology, the survival rate of very early preterm infants
has increased significantly compared with before, and the incidence of
severe BPD has decreased, however, the prevalence of BPD has not
decreased. The overall prevalence of BPD is 45%.The prevention of
prematurity, the systematic use of non-aggressive ventilator measures,
the avoidance of supra-physiological oxygen exposure, and the
administration of diuretics, caffeine and vitamin A have all been shown
to lead to a significant reduction in the risk of BPD development. A
growing number of clinical studies have shown that caffeine not only
prevents apnea, but also reduces the incidence of BPD. We review the
clinical value of caffeine in the treatment of BPD and its potential
mechanisms of action, include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
anti-fibrotic, anti-apoptotic pathways, and the regulation of
angiogenesis. Our aim was to provide a new theoretical basis for the
clinical treatment of BPD.
Pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor PXS-5505 ameliorates multiple-organ fibrosis by inhibiting collagen crosslinks in rodent models of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Yao Yimin , Findlay Alison , Stolp Jessica , Rayner Benjamin , Ask Kjetil , Jarolimek Wolfgang
Published: December 2021

Background/Purpose: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterised by
progressive multiple-organ fibrosis leading to morbidity and mortality.
Lysyl oxidases play a vital role in the cross-linking of collagens and
subsequent build-up of fibrosis in the extracellular matrix. As such,
their inhibition provides a novel treatment paradigm for SSc.
Experimental Approach: Lysyl oxidases are upregulated in preclinical
models of fibrosis in skin, lung, heart, kidney and liver. A novel small
molecule pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor, PXS-5505, currently in clinical
development for bone fibrosis treatment was evaluated in in vivo rodent
models resembling the fibrotic conditions in SSc. Key Results: Both
lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) expression was elevated
in the skin and lung of SSc patients. Once-a-day oral application of
PXS-5505 inhibited lysyl oxidase activity in the skin and LOXL2 activity
in the lung. PXS-5505 exhibited anti-fibrotic effects in the SSc skin
mouse model, reducing dermal thickness and α-smooth muscle actin
compared to the disease controls. Similarly, in the bleomycin-induced
mouse lung model, PXS-5505 reduced tissue fibrosis toward normal levels.
The anti-fibrotic efficacy of PXS-5505 in the bleomycin exposed lungs
was mediated by its ability to normalise collagen/elastin crosslink
formation, a direct consequence of lysyl oxidase inhibition. PXS-5505
also reduced area of fibrosis in rodent models of the
ischaemia-reperfusion heart, the unilateral ureteral obstruction kidney
and the CCl4-induced fibrotic liver. Conclusion/Implication: PXS-5505
consistently demonstrates potent anti-fibrotic efficacy in multiple
models of organ fibrosis relevant to the pathogenesis of SSc, suggesting
that it may be efficacious as a novel approach for treating SSc.
Çok Anlamlılıktan Eş Adlılığa Doğru Tarihsel Bir Yolculuk
Authors: Kübra ERKINAY TAMTAMIŞ Hadra
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, aynı kökene dayanan çok anlamlı sözcüklerin tarihsel yolculukları içinde anlam genişlemelerinden kaynaklı sözlük birimlerinin birbirinden uzaklaşmasıyla eş adlı duruma gelme süreçleri incelenmiştir. Eş adlılar; sesleri ve yazılışları aynı, anlamları farklı olan sözcükler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Çok anlamlılık ise bir sözcüğün birden fazla anlamı karşılamasıdır. Çok anlamlı sözcüklerde tek kök, birden fazla birbiriyle ilintili anlam(lar) söz konusuyken eş adlı sözcüklerde birbirinden farklı en az iki kök ve anlamlar söz konusudur. Türk Dil Kurumu Türkçe Sözlük’ten genel tarama modeliyle elde edilen acımak, ağıl, ağız, ağmak, altıparmak, basılmak, biçim, bir bir, bitmek, boy, bozuk, çakmak, çil, çöğür, dayak, dikilmek, dikmek, dil, dokunma, dokunmak, dokunuş, el, gen, güç, günlük, öz, sağ, sormak, ters, terslemek, uçuk, uğur, uz, yaş, yaşlı, yazı, yazmak, yordurmak, yormak, yorulmak sözcüklerinin çok anlamlılıktan eş adlığa doğru tarihsel bir yolculuk gerçekleştirdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Sözlükte eş adlı sözcükler, (I) (II) (III) Romen rakamlarıyla birden fazla madde başında gösterilmiştir. Çok anlamlı sözcüklerin genişlemiş anlamları ise tek madde başında 1, 2, 3 rakamlarıyla gösterilmiştir. Türkçe Sözlük’ten tespit edilen 40 eş adlı sözcüğün -etimolojik ve tarihî sözlüklerden yola çıkılarak- aslında kökeni aynı olan çok anlamlı sözcükler olduğu ve anlam genişlemeleri yoluyla sözlük birimlerinin birbirinden uzaklaşarak tarihsel yolculukları içinde eş adlı duruma geldiği belirlenmiştir.
What Makes a Horse a Horse? Configurational Aspects of Ancient Egyptian Equines
Authors: Lonneke Delpeut
Published: December 2021

We expect depictions of things we know to contain certain elements. These elements depend on our experience, our visual requirements, culture, upbringing, and so on. For example, in order to recognise a certain subject, a degree of realism is expected. If these requirements are not met, either we are unable to correctly identify the subject as the intended subject, or we project our expectations and attribute the lack thereof as mistakes, inabilities, or lack of knowledge of the author. This bias is predominantly present in the analysis of ancient Egyptian images (and texts, for that matter) and is inappropriate. In order to correctly understand the intentions of the creator and the image, we need to understand their cultural properties, their pictorial system, and, most importantly, the function of the image. This article will look at depictions of horses from ancient Egypt, taking their function as a starting point, and discuss their configurational aspects in terms of the function of the image.
Role of the Gut in the Temporal Changes of β-Cell Function After Gastric Bypass in Individuals With and Without Diabetes Remission
Authors: Prasad Malini , Mark Victoria , Ligon Chanel , Dutia Roxanne , Nair Nandini , Shah Ankit , Laferrère Blandine
Published: December 2021

Objective: The role
of the gut in diabetes remission after gastric bypass (RYGB) is incompletely
understood. We therefore assessed the temporal change in insulin secretory
capacity after RYGB, using oral and intravenous
(IV) glucose, in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Research
Design and Methods: Longitudinal, prospective measures of β-cell
function after oral glucose and IV graded glucose infusion in individuals with
severe obesity and diabetes studied at 0, 3 (n=29), 12 (n=24) and 24 (n=20)
months after RYGB. Data were collected between 2015 and 2019 in an academic
clinical research center.

Results: The decreases in body
weight, fat mass, waist circumference and insulin resistance after surgery (all
p<0.001 at 12 and 24 months), did not differ according to diabetes remission
status. In contrast, both the magnitude and temporal changes in β-cell glucose
sensitivity after oral glucose differed by remission status (p=0.04): greater
(6.5 fold, p<0.01) and sustained in full remitters, moderate and not
sustained past 12 months in partial remitters (3.3 fold, p<0.001), minimal
in non-remitters (2.7 fold, p=ns). The
improvement in β-cell function after IV glucose was not apparent until 12
months, significant only in full remitters, and only ~1/3 of that observed after
oral glucose.

Pre-intervention
β-cell function and its change after surgery predicted remission; weight loss and
insulin sensitivity did not.

Conclusion: Our data
show the time course of changes in β-cell function after RYGB. The improvement
in β-cell function after RYGB, but not changes in weight loss or insulin
sensitivity, drives diabetes remission.
ZnTe/CdSe type-II core/shell spherical quantum dot under an external electric field
Authors: Chafai A. , Essaoudi I. , Ainane A. , Dujardin F. , Ahuja R.
Published: December 2021

We have investigated in the framework of the envelope function approximation and taking into account the dependence of the electron effective mass on radius the energy of an electron inside a ZnTe/CdSecore/shell spherical quantum dot. In order to make the problem more realistic, we describe the conduction band-edge alignment between core and shell materials by a finite height barrier. By applying the Ritz variational principle the effect of the electric field on the electronic states was also examined. Our numerical results show the opportunity to control the energy states position of the charge carriers inside our core/shell nanostructures by controlling the size (core radius, shell thickness) of the nanostructure and the strength of the external electric field. #CORE/SHELL MATERIALS #NANOSTRUCTURES #QUANTUM DOTS #ELECTRIC FIELD
The environmental context of Early Neolithic cultural transformation in the Targowisko settlement region
Authors: Forysiak Jacek , Kadrow Sławomir , Noryśkiewicz Agnieszka , Okupny Daniel , Saile Thomas , Twardy Juliusz , Zawiska Izabela
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to provide information on environmental changes in the Targowisko region in the Early Neolithic as a natural response to settlement and economic activity of the human population in that area. The discussion is based on lithological, geochemical, and palynological analyses, as well as the analysis of Cladocera within strata inside the TRG (Targowisko) core, located in a small wetland in the immediate vicinity of the eastern edge of the Neolithic settlement in the Targowisko region. Settlement analysis points to the absence of stable microregions and to the mobility of human groups. This is confirmed by the sequence of settlement episodes and economic activity, reflected in the stratigraphy of the core sediments, where episodes of significant human interference are followed by phases of almost complete regeneration of the environment. No differences have been noticed between the Linienbandkeramik and Malice culture communities as regards their impact on the environment.
TWO DIAMETERS METHOD FOR BINDING SITES IN HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF PIPELINE SYSTEMS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Voznyak Orest , Yurkevych Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Myroniuk Khrystyna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Sukholova Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Dovbush Oleksandr ,   Lviv Polynechnic National University, Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to solving the urgent problem of increasing the efficiency of linking sections in the hydraulic calculation of pipeline systems to reduce the material and energy consumption of the system as a whole. The aim of the work is to create an effective method of hydraulic linking of sections of pipelines of microclimate support systems, namely the "two-diameter method" and the establishment of analytical calculations, provided that a meager percentage of the inconsistency of parallel sections. Graphical and analytical dependences on basis of conducted theoretical calculations are presented. Analytical calculation dependences have been established under the condition of achieving a negligible percentage of in consistency of parallel sections. An effective method of hydraulic and aerodynamic linking of parallel sections of pipeline systems has been developed, namely the "two-diameter method".
METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF DEFORMATIONS WITH THE USE OF DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Highways and Bridges, Blikharskyy Yaroslav , Kopiika Nadiia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Building Constructions and Bridges
Published: December 2021

In order to obtain reliable information about the stress-strain state of the structure, subjected to loading, it is necessary to determine deformations` distribution. In some cases, it is almost impossible to assess stress-strain state with the traditional approaches. However, the DIC methods provide reliable information about the fields of displacement and deformation almost without limitations. Such approaches are rather effective for determination of the stress-strain state on smooth surfaces and in zones with stress concentrators. The DIC method is based on the comparison of the intensity of speckle pictures` distribution of optically rough surfaces. The combination of the intensities of correlation peaks with the corresponding calculation algorithms at the subpixel level makes it possible to obtain high measurement accuracy with simpler hardware compared to electronic interferometry technologies. The main purpose of this work is the detailed analysis of techniques and methods for determination of deformations with the use of digital image correlation. The article includes detailed review of existing studies of this topic and description of main principles for analytical computation of the optical data.
”Jotta meidät muistettaisiin sellaisina kuin elimme”
Authors: Taavetti Riikka
Published: December 2021

Artikkeli käsittelee queer-elämän ja erityisesti homoseksuaalisuuden tai samansukupuolisen halun muistoja ympäröiviä hiljaisuuksia suomalaisissa muistitietoarkistoissa. Artikkeli käyttää esimerkkinä Sateenkaarinuorena nyt ja ennen -kirjoituskeruuta (2014) ja sijoittaa sen suomalaisen muistitietotutkimuksen kehyksiin. Artikkeli analysoi hiljaisuutta neljällä eri tasolla: kirjoitusten kuvaamana hiljaisuutena, puuttuvien kertomusten hiljaisuutena, muistitietokeruiden hiljaisuuksina sekä arkistojen käytäntöjen hiljaisuuksina. Artikkeli osoittaa, miten muistitietokokoelmia analysoimalla voi tutkia sekä queer-elämän muistoja että näistä muistoista kertomisen mahdollisuuksia eri aikoina.Avainsanat: muistitieto, queer, homoseksuaalisuus, hiljaisuusSilencies and Queer Voices in Finnish Oral History and Life Writing ArchivesThis article addresses the silences around the memories of queer lives and, in particular, same-sex desires in Finnish oral history and life writing collections. By analyzing the collection campaign Rainbow youth present and past (2014) in the context of Finnish oral history research, the article examines four levels of silence – silences that the writings describe, silences of the missing reminiscences, silences in the collection campaigns, and silences in the archival practices. The article demonstrates how the reminiscence writing and oral history collections can be utilized to analyze both the memories of queer lives and the opportunities open at different times to address these memories.Keywords: oral history, life writing, queer, homosexuality, silence
Pelaksanaan Ibadah Shalat Pedagang Pasar di Kelurahan Pariaman Tengah Kota Pariaman
Authors: Astuti Rani , Murniyetti Murniyetti
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan ibadah shalat pedagang pasar di Kelurahan Pariaman Tengah Kota Pariaman. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, sumber data dalam penelitian ini meliputi sumber data premier dan sumber data sekunder, metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penganalisisan data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Untuk pengabsahan data peneliti menggunakan triangulasi sumber yang berbeda. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa pelaksanaan ibadah shalat pedagang pasar di Kelurahan Pariaman Tengah Kota Pariaman dibuktikan dengan hasil observasi dan wawancara kepada pedagang menunjukkan bahwa antara lain: pertama, sudah mengerjakan secara penuh serta mengetahui meninggalkan shalat menghambat rezeki, masih ada yang kadang-kadang mengerjakan shalat, tetapi, mengetahui shalat merupakan kewajiban setiap umat Islam. Serta masih ada yang tidak mengerjakan shalat karena alasan yang tidak jelas.
Kerja Sama Guru dan Orang Tua dalam Membina Akhlak Siswa
Authors: Haq Rosidatul , Kosasih Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Keluarga merupakan tempat pertama bagi anak dalam menerima pendidikan, yaitu dalam pergaulan hidupnya sehari-hari. Sehingga dalam hal ini peranan orang tua sangat menentukan terhadap pembentukan sikap dan prilaku anak agar tumbuh dan berkembang menjadi anak yang berakhlak mulia. Dalam pembentukan akhlak seorang anak diperlukan kerja sama antara keluarga (orang tua) dan sekolah (guru). Pembentukan akhlak siswa berlangsung secara berangsur-angsur dan berkesinambungan antara orang tua dan guru. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui prilaku siswa yang terjadi dilapangan. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh yang terletak di kenagarian Rabi Jonggor kecamatan Gunung Tuleh, kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru pendidikan agama islam (PAI) dan orang tua siswa SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kerja sama yang dilakukan oleh guru dan orang tua dalam pembinaan akhlak siswa pada SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh Kecamatan Gunung Tuleh Kabupaten Pasaman Barat yaitu orang tua melakukan konsultasi langsung pada guru atau sebaliknya guru melakukan konsultasi kepada orang tua serta orang tua melakukan kunjungan ke sekolah.
Problematika Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Menerapkan Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Marunduri Arna Waliah , Wirdati Wirdati
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penerapan Kurikulum 2013 yang diharapkan dapat melahirkan generasi bangsa yang produktif, kreatif, dan berkarakter. Namun harapan tersebut belum tercapai karena guru yang menerapkan Kurikulum 2013 mengalami kesulitan, seperti yang dialami guru Pendidikan Agama islam (PAI) di SD Negeri 53 Kampung Jambak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui problematika guru PAI dalam menerapkan Kurikulum 2013 khususnya Standar Proses yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode fenomenologi. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan membuat kesimpulan serta keabsahan datanya diperiksa melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian ini adalah guru PAI mengalami problem pada perencanaan pembelajaran yaitu kesulitan menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis TIK dan kesulitan mengembangkan materi dalam RPP, kesulitan menerapkan pendekatan scientifik pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran, serta kesulitan menyusun soal HOTS pada evaluasi pembelajaran.
Usaha Ibu Single Parent dalam Mendidik Akhlak Anak
Authors: Ashari Lastri Fatli , Anwar Fuady
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan akhlak anak dalam keluarga single parent. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Sumber data penelitian diambil melalui wawancara mendalam kepada sepuluh informan yang sudah terpilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Secara keseluruhan hasil penelitian mendapati delapan permasalahan akhak anak. Delapan permasalahan tersebut dikelompokkan kepada dua aspek yaitu 1) tidak patuh terhadap orang tua, 2) permasalahan kepribadian seperti, i) berjudi, ii) berkelahi, iii) mencuri, iv) bergaul bebas, v) terpengaruh game online. vi) cenderung berbohong, vii) pacaran
Metode Guru dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Alquran Peserta Didik
Authors: Kasmar Indah Fadilatul , Anwar Fuady
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk kesulitan yang dialami oleh peserta didik dalam pembelajaran Alquran di Pesantren Perkampungan Minangkabau dan mengetahui metode yang digunakan guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan tersebut serta menganalisis hasil yang dicapai oleh peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik Purposive Sampling yang berjumlah 18 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga bentuk kesulitan yang dialami oleh peserta didik, yaitu kesulitan memahami Makhrajal Huruf, Tajwid dan bentuk huruf Hijaiyah yang bersambung dengan huruf lain. Strategi yang digunakan guru untuk mengatasi kesulitan tersebut yaitu dengan mengadakan kelas khusus, kelas khusus ini diklasifikasikan ke dalam dua tingkatan, pertama kelas khusus dengan menggunakan metode Iqro’, kedua menggunakan metode Qira’ati. Dari hasil belajar peserta didik, terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar sebelum dan setelah strategi ini diterapkan, artinya strategi ini dapat mengatasi kesulitan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran Alquran.