bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Técnicas de citología de impresión conjuntival empleadas para el diagnóstico de patologías del segmento anterior: revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Atencia Pinzón Omar Alberto , Palencia Flórez Diana Cristina , Peñaloza Silva Mayra Alejandra
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Describir los avances de la citología de impresión conjuntival empleada para el análisis morfológico y morfométrico de patologías del segmento anterior, según lo reportado en la literatura en los últimos años, para evidenciar las ventajas de la técnica como prueba diagnóstica confirmatoria. Pregunta PICO: ¿Cuáles son las técnicas de citología de impresión conjuntival empleadas para determinar la presencia de metaplasias y neoplasias conjuntivales que permiten confirmar el diagnóstico de patologías del segmento anterior y la película lagrimal? Metodología: La presente revisión empleó elementos metodológicos propios de la revisión sistemática de literatura. Se consultó en plataformas académicas tales como: Google académico, Scielo, Springer Link, Science Direct, Elsevier, Medline. Así mismo, se acudió a expertos en el tema y a la búsqueda en cadena para rastrear publicaciones y así dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación. Resultados: Las técnicas de tinción más reportadas para el análisis del tejido conjuntival bulbar fueron: el ácido peryódico de Schiff (PAS) y hematoxilina-eosina. Así mismo, las muestras en su mayoría fueron tomadas con el filtro de acetato de celulosa y los hallazgos se interpretaron según la clasificación de Nelson. Conclusión: La citología de impresión conjuntival (CIC) es una técnica de fácil empleo y eficaz que permite identificar patologías importantes que afectan la superficie ocular como la enfermedad de ojo seco (EOS) y permite evidenciar los cambios en el epitelio ocular dados por enfermedades sistémicas.
Organisation des Risikomanagements – Einordnung, Größe und Aufgaben
Authors: Hoffjan Andreas , Schwarz Max
Published: May 2023

Die Funktion des Risikomanagements stellt einen zentralen Baustein für eine effektive Unternehmenssteuerung dar. Jedoch gibt es keine allgemeingültigen Orientierungen zur organisatorischen Ausgestaltung des Risikomanagements. Dieser Artikel liefert einen Benchmark zu aufbauorganisatorischen sowie prozessualen Themen und gibt Hinweise zur praktischen Umsetzung.
Die Steuerung nicht-finanzieller Risiken im Kontext der Risikokultur
Authors: Schmidt Christoph , Renz Hartmut T.
Published: May 2023

Ein effektives Risikomanagement erfordert unter anderem die adäquate Steuerung der Risikokultur innerhalb des Unternehmens. Risiken werden grundsätzlich in finanzielle Risiken und nicht-finanzielle Risiken unterschieden. Aufgrund zunehmender Veränderungen in hoch regulierten Branchen kommt der effektiven Steuerung von nicht-finanziellen Risiken im Kontext einer angemessenen und wirksamen Risikokultur eine Schlüsselrolle zu. Doch wie werden nicht finanzielle Risiken definiert und wie lassen sich diese steuern? Darauf gibt dieser Artikel eine Antwort.
Impact of maintenance on domestic wastewater treatment systems
Authors: Györki Gábor , Pálné Szén Orsolya , Knisz Judit
Published: May 2023

Wastewater treatment systems are important sources of contaminants of emerging substances, including pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. Onsite wastewater treatment systems provide alternative solutions to centralized systems; although they are becoming increasingly popular, little is known about the effect of maintenance on their performance. In the current study, chemical and microbiological parameters in the effluents from two identical on-site wastewater treatment systems were analyzed, one being properly maintained while the other not maintained at all. Taxonomic profiles vastly differed from each other, and organic micropollutants are present at higher concentrations in the effluent of the non-maintained unit. The results highlight the importance of proper maintenance.
Agyhártyagyulladás okozta súlyos fokú sensorineuralis halláscsökkenés rehabilitációs esélyei az időfaktor tekintetében
Authors: Kecskeméti Nóra , Tamás László , Répássy Gábor , Küstel Marianna , Baranyi Ildikó , Paksi Ádám , Gáborján Anita
Published: May 2023

Bevezetés: Az agyhártyagyulladások kapcsán kialakult súlyos fokú
halláscsökkenés előfordulása 0–11% közötti. A gyulladás során a belső fülben
röviddel a súlyos betegség lezajlását követően hegesedés indulhat meg, mely a
betegek hallásrehabilitációját cochlearis implantátummal ellehetetlenítheti. A
rapid folyamat miatt a betegek mielőbbi centrumba irányítása kritikus
fontosságú. Célkitűzés: Az agyhártyagyulladás kapcsán
hallásukat vesztett betegek körében vizsgáltuk a megbetegedés és a centrumban
való megjelenés között eltelt időt, a hallásrehabilitáció lehetőségeit,
eredményességét. Módszer: Retrospektív módszerrel vizsgáltuk a
2014 és 2022 közti időszakban az implantációs ambulancián megjelent
postmeningitises betegek között a halláscsökkenés kialakulási körülményeit, a
képalkotó vizsgálatok eredményeit, a hallásrehabilitációs lehetőségeket, a
cochlearis implantáción átesett betegeknél a műtét szövődményeit és
eredményességét. Eredmények: 8 beteg került bevonásra (3
gyermek, 5 felnőtt). A halláscsökkenés kialakulása és a centrumba történő
irányítás között eltelt idő 3 hét és 9 év között változott. A hallásvizsgálat
alapján minden betegnél kétoldali súlyos fokú halláscsökkenés alakult ki. Az
elvégzett képalkotó vizsgálatok 6 esetben mutattak a cochleában ossificatiót, 4
esetben bilateralis megjelenésűt különböző súlyossági fokban. 5 esetben
végeztünk cochlearis implantációt (4 bilateralis, 1 unilateralis). 3 esetben
implantáció nem volt kivitelezhető a súlyos cochlearis ossificatio miatt.
Cochlearis implantátummal jó tisztahang-hallásküszöb mellett rossz beszédértés
volt megfigyelhető minden betegünknél. Megbeszélés: Az
agyhártyagyulladás okozta súlyos fokú halláscsökkenés rehabilitációja számos
kihívás elé állíthatja a klinikusokat. Kritikus pontja az ellátásnak a betegek
mielőbbi, a súlyos, életet veszélyeztető állapot lezajlását követően cochlearis
implantációs centrumba irányítása sürgősséggel. A további audiológiai
vizsgálatok, képalkotó diagnosztika elvégzése és a mielőbbi implantáció a
centrumok feladata. Következtetés: Javasolt a társszakmák
bevonásával egy új protokoll kialakítása az egyértelmű betegutakról ezen betegek
esetén. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(19): 729–738.
SEBARAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN PUBLIKASI ARTIKEL ILMIAH PENELITI BALAI RISET PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA AIR PAYAU DAN PENYULUHAN PERIKANAN
Authors: SYARIANAH SYARIANAH
Published: May 2023

Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui sebaran dan perkembangan publikasi artikel ilmiah peneliti Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau dan Penyuluhan Perikanan. Analisis dilakukan terhadap semua artikel yang dipublikasikan selama empat tahun yaitu tahun 2016 sampai 2019. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa publikasi tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2016 yaitu sebanyak 65 artikel, sedangkan tahun 2017 hanya sebanyak 9 artikel. Pada tahun 2018 dan 2019 masingmasinghanya 25 artikel. Sebaran publikasi artikel ilmiah meliputi publikasi dalam dan luar negeri yang terdiri dari buku/prosiding seminar sebesar 79 (54.86%) artikel sedangkan majalah/ jurnal ilmiah sebesar 65 (45.14%) artikel. Sebaran publikasi pada majalah/jurnal ilmiah lebih dari 2 artikel yaitu Jurnal Riset Akuakultur (21 artikel), Media Akuakultur (16 artikel), Indonesian Aquaculture Journal (8 Artikel), dan Aquaculture Indonesiana (3 artikel). Pola kepengaranganmenunjukkan bahwa 98,61% merupakan publikasi ilmiah yang dihasilkan dari kolaborasi antar penulis, sedangkan jumlah kepengarangan tunggal hanya 1,39%. Kolaborasi kepengarangan paling tinggi terjadi pada kolaborasi kepengarangan 3 yaitu sebesar 61 artikel yang dihasilkan oleh 183 penulis.The analysis was carried out to know the distribution and development of scientific article publications from researcher of Research Institute for Brackishwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension. The analysis was carried out on all articles was published for four years, namely since 2016 to 2019. The results of the analysis show that the highest number of article publications wasoccurred in 2016, namely 65 articles, while in 2017 there were only 9 articles. In 2018 and 2019 only 25 articles each. The distribution of scientific article publications includes domestic and foreign publications consisting of books/seminar proceedings of 79 (54.86%) articles while scientific magazines/journals are 65 (45.14%) articles. The distribution of publications in scientific magazines/journals is more than 2 articles, namely the Jurnal Riset Akuakultur (21 articles), Media Akuakultur (16 articles), Indonesian Aquaculture Journal (8 articles), and Aquaculture Indonesiana (3 articles). The pattern of authorship shows that 98.61% are scientific publications resulting from collaboration between authors, while the number of single authorships is only 1.39%. The highest authorship collaboration occurs in collaboration authorship 3, which is 61 articles produced by 183 authors.
ANALISIS BIBLIOMTERIK JURNAL PUSTAKA ILMIAH PERIODE 2016 – 2020
Authors: RAHAYU ROCHANI NANI , SENSUSIYATI SENSUSIYATI
Published: May 2023

Karakteristik Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah periode 2016 – 2020, dianalisis menggunakan metode bibliometrik. Adapun tujuan dari analisis tersebut adalah untuk mengetahui: 1). Jumlah artikel yang diterbitkan; 2). Pola kepenulisan; 3) Nilai derajat kolaborasi; 4) Jenis kelamin penulis; 5) Penulis paling produktif; 6) Kata kunci terbanyak. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah versi online, diakses dari situs  ttps://jurnal.uns.ac.id/jurnalpustakailmiah. Adapun data yang dicatat adalah jumlah artikel terbit setiap tahun, nama dan jumlah penulis, jenis kelaminpenulis, tempat bekerja penulis, dan kata kunci. Selanjutnya data diolah menggunakan Exel 2010, dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel yang dilengkapi dengan persentase untuk dilakukan pembahasan, sesuai tujuan penelitian. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada periode 2016 – 2020 Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah telah menerbitkan sebanyak 104 artikel oleh 121 penulis, yangdidominasi oleh insitusi perguruan tinggi. Universitas Sebelas Maret berada pada posisi teratas, demikian pula untuk penulis paling produktif yaitu Bambang Hermanto dengan tulisan sebanyak 5 judul. Penulis individu lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan penulis yang berkolaborasi yang ditandai dengan nilai derajat kolaborasi sebesar 0,15. Keberadaan Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah sudahdikenal di lima pulau (Jawa, Sumatera, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, dan Papua) dan pulau Jawa berada di urutan pertama Sebaran kata kunci menunjukkan bahwa artikel yang dimuat terbanyak adalah tentang perpustakaan, pengembangan koleksi dan perpustakaan perguruan tinggi. The characterization of Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah for the period 2016 – 2020 were analyzed using the bibliometric method. The purpose of the analysis is to find out:1) Number of articles published; 2) The value of the degree of collaboration; 4) The gender of the author; 5) The most keywords. The data source used is the online version of the Scientific Library Journal, accessed from the site https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/jurnalpustakailmiah. The data recorded are the number of articles published eac year, the names and number of authors, the gender of the authors, the keyword. Furthermore, the data is processed using Exel 2010, and displayed in tabular form, equipped with a percentage. Furthermore, a discussion is carried out according to the research objectives. The conclusion ofthe research shows that in the period 2016-2020 the Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah has published 104 articles by 121 authors, which are dominated by Universities. Sebelas Maret University is in the top position, as well as the most productive writer, Bambang Hermanto with 5 titles. There are more individual writers than collaborating authors, which is indicated by a value of the degree of collaboration of 0.15. Journal is well known in five Islands (Java, Sumatera, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, and Papua) and the Island of Java is the first place. The distribution of keywords shows that the articles published mostly are about libraries, collection development and college libraries.
INFORMASI BERBASIS MEDIA SOSIAL PADA PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL
Authors: A. Lubis Nasrul Rizal
Published: May 2023

Informasi berbasis media sosial ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan media sosial yang sedang menarik dikalangan penikmat medsos. Ada pun penguna media sosial aktif di Indonesia mencapai 277,7 juta orang pada Januari 2022. Jumlah tersebut naik 12,35% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Sehingga dapat dilihat dari platform media yang memfokuskan pada eksistensi pengguna yang memfasilitasi mereka dalam beraktifitas maupun berkolaborasi. Karena itu media sosial dapat dilihat sebagai medium (fasilitator) online yang menguatkan hubungan antar pengguna sekaligus sebuah ikatan sosial. Dimana perpustakaan khusus sebagai organisasi informasi pemerintahan yang bertugas mengumpulkan, menyimpan dan menyebarkan informasi kepada penguna dengan menekankan suatu koleksi sangat diperlukan untuk penyebaran informasi yang tepat. Hal ini dapat dimanfaatkan dengan adanya keberadaan fungsi dari layanan perpustakaan khusus membuat pemustaka berinovasi dalam layanan baik melalui media sosial Twitter, youtube dan Instagram yang dapat berhubungan kepada penguna perpustakaan di generasi saat ini.This social media-based information aims to find out the use of social media that is currently interesting among social media connoisseurs. There are also active social media users in Indonesia reaching 277.7 million people in January 2022. This number is up 12.35% compared to the previous year. So that it can be seen from the media platform that focuses on the existence of users who facilitate them in their activities and collaboration. Therefore, social media can be seen as an online medium (facilitator) that strengthens the relationship between users as well as a social bond. Where a special library as a government information organization in charge of collecting, storing and disseminating information to users by emphasizing a collection is indispensable for the dissemination of appropriate information. This can be exploited by the existence of the function of special library services to make users innovate in services both through social media Twitter, YouTube and Instagram which can relate to library users in the current generation
OPTIMALISASI PENATAAN ARSIP INAKTIF PADA SUBBAGIAN ADMINISTRASI UMUM DI POLITEKNIK KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN DUMAI
Authors: Puspitasari Hera Fitria , Hariadi Agung
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengimplementasikan sistem penataan arsip inaktif merujuk kepada peraturan yang berlaku. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara terstruktur, observasi nonpartisipan, dan dokumentasi. Pemilihan isu masalah dengan menggunakan metode USG terkait pengelolaan arsip inaktif di unit Subbagian Umum Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Dumai dengan tingkat prioritas penyelesaian tinggi. Adapun isu masalah yang diangkat berdasarkan penilaian tersebut adalah belum optimalnya penataan arsip inaktif pada Subbagian Administrasi Umum Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Dumai. Permasalahan tersebut disebabkan oleh banyak faktor diantaranya yaitu: ketidaktahuan petugas akan sistem pengarsipan yang baik dan benar, penggunaan aplikasi yang belum terimplemenasi secara menyuluh, dan keterbatasan sarana prasarana yang ada di Politeknik KP Dumai dalam mendukung sistem pengarsipan yang baik dan benar. Adapun solusi pemecahan isu tersebut adalah optimalisasi penataan arsip inaktif melalui digitalisasi arsip. Kegiatan pemecahan masalah tersebut dibagi menjadi beberapa tahapanThis study aims to identify and implement an inactive archive management system in accordance with applicable regulations. The method in this research is a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used in this study were structured interviews, nonparticipant observation, and documentation. selection of problem issues using the USG method related to inactive archive management in the Dumai Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic General Subdivision unit with a high priority level for completion. The issues raised based on this assessment were the inactive archive arrangement in the General Administration Subdivision of the Dumai Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic. These problems are caused by many factors including: ignorance of officers about a good and correct filing system, the use of applications that have not been implemented properly, and limited infrastructure facilities at the KP Dumai Polytechnic in supporting a good and correct filing system. The solution to solving this issue is optimizing the arrangement of inactive archives through digitizing archives
Reading the self through a hermeneutic of divine immanence
Authors: Deighton-Mohammed Rose
Published: May 2023

Research in the field of Sufism and gender attests to the patriarchal and elite male foundations of the tradition. Scholars highlight how patriarchal renderings of Sufism emphasize divine transcendence and frame Sufi training of the self (nafs) through punitive mechanisms. Through a case study of Shaykha Fariha al-Jerrahi, the grand Shaykha (Sufi guide) of the Nur Ashki Jerrahi Sufi community, this article explores approaches to Sufism that resist its patriarchal formulations. Shaykha Fariha’s teachings about the self, Sufi training methods, and pedagogical relationships show critical reflection on the effects of patriarchy on individuals with varying social and embodied experiences. She resists patriarchy by engaging in a hermeneutic of divine immanence, a multi-faceted way of interpreting the body and material elements of creation as the divine immanent. This article demonstrates scenarios in which a hermeneutic of divine immanence informs Shaykha Fariha’s pedagogy and her approach to training the self through embodied self-exploration.
‘Be content with the decree of Allah’
Authors: Kiriakos-Fugate Garrett
Published: May 2023

This article examines the fatwas of Salafi-Sunni and conservative Shi'i scholars on transsexuality, and how their legal reasoning is limited by the cis-heteropatriarchal nature they ascribe to the nafs (self). Most Shi'i jurists in Iran permit sex-reassignment surgeries, while Salafi scholars forbid them as adulterations to the body except in the case of intersex persons. Both inherit normative legal reasoning that privileges the able-bodied, adult, free man as normative. They reference premodern rulings on the khuntha (those with ambiguous genitalia) and build upon the criteria developed by their predecessors to determine an individual’s so-called ‘true’ sex/gender. These scholars also take part in a contemporary world in which the body is medically and psychologically overburdened with gendered meanings. After analyzing these fatwas, I discuss how these cis-heteropatriarchal conceptions of the nafs greatly limit juristic creativity in addressing the spiritual wellbeing of trans, intersex, and non-binary Muslims.
PREVALÊNCIA DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Buffon Viviane Aline , Roeder Barbara Laís , Barros Liana Leal de , Sobral Ana Cristina Lira , Simm Eduardo Bolicenha , Bark Guilherme Dorabiallo , Bark Samir Ale
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A síndrome de Burnout no ambiente profissional é uma condição causada por estresse de longo prazo no local de trabalho e que diante da pandemia causada pela COVID-19, foram evidenciados agravos à saúde psíquica do trabalhador da saúde. Objetivo: Analisar as diferentes categorias e setores de atuação profissional, elencando os principais fatores de risco e as principais formas de enfrentamento adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde associados à síndrome de Burnout. Método: Foi realizada busca bibliográfica e aplicação de formulário eletrônico, aos profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência médica direta a pacientes internados e hospitalizados com COVID-19 no município de CuritibaPR entre o período de março de 2020 a novembro de 2021; contendo comandos com informações pessoais,profissionais e relacionados com as condições específicas vivenciadas durante a pandemia/ medidas de enfrentamento e aplicação do teste Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) para análise da prevalência do Síndrome de Burnout. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 89 profissionais de saúde. Evidenciou-se uma prevalência de 48,31% de Síndrome de Burnout. Não foram encontrados resultados estatisticamente ao analisar diferentes categorias profissionais e setores de atuação. A mudança de setor durante a pandemia foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,0245), assim como a busca por apoio emocional/psiquiátrico/psicológico (p=0,0004) e seguro acerca do uso de mediação durante a pandemia (p= 0,0027). Conclusões:A mudança de setor durante uma pandemia foi considerada o único fator de risco encontrado no estudo. As principais formas de enfrentamento ao Síndrome de Burnout adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19 foram a busca por apoio emocional, psicológico, psiquiátrico e aumento do uso de medicação psicotrópica
Variations on Verrition: (Re)turning to the Enigmatic Final Word of Aimé Césaire's Cahier d'un retour au pays natal
Authors: Calhoun Doyle
Published: May 2023

Besides the neologism négritude, the term verrition, a hapax legomenon and the final word of Aimé Césaire's celebrated long poem Cahier d'un retour au pays natal (1939–56), is perhaps the most contested and ambiguous signifier in the poet's corpus. This essay reconsiders the much-debated question of verrition and its poiesis. Contra a long-standing tenet of Césaire criticism—that verrition was a pure neologism—and further to René Hénane (Glossaire des termes rares [2004]) and Carrie Noland (Voices of Negritude [2015]), I identify several textual antecedents to and possible sources of this supposed neologism that have implications for how we read the final stanza of the Cahier. Critical focus on Césairean neology has had a somewhat obfuscatory effect on thinking through subtler dimensions of Césaire's decolonial poetics, especially how the poet frequently reinvests and rearticulates existing terms in French, redirecting them toward antiracist and anticolonial ends.
Intimate Editing: The Textual Poetics of Susan Howe's Collage Poems
Authors: Thompson Anne Marie
Published: May 2023

Susan Howe's recent collage poems—an intricate, sui generis form—are the flowering of her editorial theory, which I describe as “intimate editing.” I challenge scholarly assumptions that sideline Howe's engagement with the field of textual criticism from accounts of her poetry by showing how her unique approach to texts puts avant-garde poetry and textual editing into conversation, introducing reciprocal possibilities for both. Poems can model new forms of editing, and editorial debates can expand the reach and resonance of innovative poetry. Drawing on The Birth-mark, Howe's collection of creative-critical essays that probe the motivations and ethos of textual criticism, I show how intimate editing expands the typical, often rigid, values of traditional editing and contributes to growing discussions about what a feminist textual criticism might look like. Then I discuss the collage poems, particularly those in Concordance, as whimsical manifestations of Howe's textual approach.
Tidal range generation: combining the Lancaster zero-dimension generation and cost models
Authors: Vandercruyssen David , Baker Simon , Howard David , Aggidis George
Published: May 2023

Financial viability and political will ultimately determine if tidal range power schemes are developed. This research aims to demonstrate a robust system to make initial estimates of capital costs for tidal range schemes that can be compared between systems and options. A levelised cost of energy (LCOE) is used to compare a tidal range barrage (Morecambe Bay) and a coastal tidal lagoon (North Wales) in the UK; the schemes are set in context with other common energy sources. The results show the Morecambe Bay barrage generates marginally more electricity than the North Wales coastal lagoon and has a shorter impoundment at lower cost. However, the economic arguments for both schemes are similar; both are viable as the LCOE shows. Despite being shown to be financially viable, the sources of funding may remain a problem. Financial returns and two potential public funding mechanisms are discussed. The approach using two simple models makes a strong case for more detailed analysis and, in the current environmental, economic and social climate serious decisions must be taken.
Eye movements in response to different cognitive activities measured by eyetracking: a prospective study on some of the neurolinguistics programming theories
Authors: Marconi Mathieu , Do Carmo Blanco Noélia , Zimmer Christophe , Guyon Alice
Published: May 2023

The eyes are in constant movement to optimize the interpretation of the visual scene by the brain. Eye movements are controlled by complex neural networks that interact with the rest of the brain. The direction of our eye movements could thus be influenced by our cognitive activity (imagination, internal dialogue, memory, etc.). A given cognitive activity could then cause the gaze to move in a specific direction (a brief movement that would be instinctive and unconscious).
Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP), which was developed in the 1970s by Richard Bandler and John Grinder (psychologist and linguist respectively), issued a comprehensive theory associating gaze directions with specific mental tasks. According to this theory, depending on the visual path observed, one could go back to the participant's thoughts and cognitive processes. Although NLP is widely used in many disciplines (communication, psychology, psychotherapy, marketing, etc), to date, few scientific studies have examined the validity of this theory.
Using eye tracking, this study explores one of the hypotheses of this theory, which is one of the pillars of NLP on visual language. We created a protocol based on a series of questions of different types (supposed to engage different brain areas) and we recorded by eye tracking the gaze movements at the end of each question while the participants were thinking and elaborating on the answer. Our results show that 1) complex questions elicit significantly more eye movements than control questions that necessitate little reflection, 2) the movements are not random but are oriented in selected directions, according to the different question types, 3) the orientations observed are not those predicted by the NLP theory.
This pilot experiment paves the way for further investigations to decipher the close links between eye movements and neural network activities in the brain.
MEASUREMENT OF TAX GAP AND ANALYSIS OF TAX GAP COMPONENTS IN OECD COUNTRIES: PANEL DATA METHOD
Authors: UYGUN Esra , GERÇEK Adnan
Published: May 2023

Today, tax gap and measurement of tax gap is an important issue. In this study, in order to contribute to the literature, the tax gap of 35 OECD countries for the years 2005-2017 was measured. In the study, GDP, total tax rate and informal economy rates were used. The countries with the lowest tax gap rates are Luxembourg and Switzerland. The countries with the highest tax gap rates are Colombia, Greece and Costa Rica. In addition, the effects of GDP, total tax rate and informal economy rate on the size of the tax gap were examined. The data were tested by applying the panel data analysis method, cross-section dependency, unit root test and fixed effects models. According to the model's results, the informal economy rate increases the tax gap with the increase in the total tax rate and GDP. The tax gap, which exceeds the acceptable level, harms the economies. For this reason, it is very important that the tax gap remains at a controllable level. In this context, it is necessary to make legal arrangements in order to register the informal economy.
THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS, COVID-19 PANDEMIC, AND BANK OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON NON-PERFORMING LOANS IN TURKEY
Authors: TURAN Taner , HASEKİ Murat İsmet , ELMA Orhan Emre
Published: May 2023

Using System Generalized Method of Moments and data for 23 deposit banks over the period 2002-2020 this study aims to investigate the bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants of non-performing loans in Turkey. For a well-functioning banking system, it is important to understand the empirical determinants of non-performing loans. In this context, we particularly focus on the effects of global financial crisis, Covid-19 pandemic, and bank ownership structure on non-performing loans. To provide additional insights, we divide our sample into two as the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. Our results indicate that both bank-specific and macroeconomic factors play a significant role in explaining the non-performing loans. Moreover, we find a negative impact of Covid-19 pandemic while there is no evidence for any significant impact of the last global financial crisis. More interesting is to note that bank ownership structure does not exert any significant effect on non-performing loans. Furthermore, the determinants of non-performing loans greatly differ in pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. We think that a sound banking and financial system would play a decisive role for allocating financial resources and thus supporting macroeconomic stability.
SELECTION OF THE OPTIMAL HEATING COOLANT FOR ARM DEPENDING ON THE TECHNICAL CONDITIONS OF THE OIL AND GAS ENTERPRISE
Authors: Baikov I. R. , Burdygina V. E. , Dunyushkin G. K.
Published: May 2023

Generation of cold is great demand process for many enterprises of the oil and gas industry. With large capacities of the enterprise, deeper cooling of heat carriers is required in chemical and petrochemical industries, metallurgy, compressor stations, etc. In administrative buildings and workshops located on the sites, it is required to create comfortable conditions in the buildings for the people who are there. In this regard, the demand for refrigeration units is increasing. Until recently, steam compression refrigerating machines were the market leader in refrigeration units. However, their main disadvantage is the high consumption of electricity, and often the process of generating cold has become too expensive.Relatively recently, steam compression refrigerating machines (chillers) have been replaced by absorption refrigerating machines (ARM). Their main and key feature is that they generate cold without consuming a single kilowatt of electrical energy, since the process of generating cold is based on the thermophysical properties of low-boiling solutions of lithium bromide or ammonia.
SELECTION OF A WELDING ELECTRODE TO PREVENT CONTACT CORROSION OF A STEEL 1.0402 WELD JOINT
Authors: Tyusenkov A. S. , Vafina A. R. , Bugai D. E. , Badikova A. D. , Tsadkin M. A.
Published: May 2023

Welded structures operate, as a rule, under conditions of simultaneous exposure to aggressive media and workloads. Thus, when protecting the metal of welded joints from corrosion fatigue, a number of specific problems arise due to the heterogeneity of their structure, the presence of multilayer welds, physical and geometric stress concentrators, and the staged nature of the change in the fine structure of the metal during fatigue loading. The result is an accelerated destruction of the metal in the junction zones of various structural forms, which are unequally adapted to the action of fatigue stresses. This fully applies to such critical structures of the oil and gas industry as pipelines, tanks, gas holders, etc. The purpose of the research was to establish the features of corrosion of welded joints made by various brands of electrodes by analyzing the change in the value of the electrode potential of the metal, which reflects the level of free energy of the surface layers in dynamics. Laboratory samples of carbon steel 1.0402 were subjected to manual arc welding (OZL-6, LB-52, MP-3 electrodes) and semi-automatic welding (EMK 6D polished wire and E71T1 rutile flux-cored welding wire with rapidly crystallizing slag). Further, their microstructural analysis was carried out and the hardness of various sections of welded joints was determined. It has been established that samples welded by semi-automatic welding are less susceptible to corrosion damage, since the distribution of electrode potentials in the zones of the welded joint indicates their lower structural inhomogeneity. In this case, general uniform corrosion takes place. In addition, the use of EMK 6D and E71T1 welding wires ensures better mechanical properties of welded joints.
Insights on Bilingualism and Bilingual Education: A Sociolinguistic Perspective
Authors: Miranda Montenegro Ivan Ricardo
Published: May 2023

This paper is primarily intended to present some major considerations about bilingualism and bilingual education from a sociolinguistic perspective. In the first instance and due to the high complexity of the issue, I will deal with major definitions of these concepts. Furthermore, I will highlight features of individual and social bilingualism as well as some of their most common effects on individuals and on communities. Lastly, some conditions for the establishment of bilingual communities are put forward, followed by a reflection upon the kind of bilingualism within foreign language (FL) settings referring particularly to the Colombian case.
Smart PV: A Software Application for Managing English Phrasal Verbs
Authors: Manrique Losada Bell , Moreno Arboleda Francisco , Orrego Gil Guillermo
Published: May 2023

Phrasal verbs (PVs) are lexical units consisting of a verb and one or two particles. In this paper we present a characterization of English PVs. This characterization serves as the backbone for our web application called Smart_PV. The purpose of Smart_PV is twofold: i) to allow the input of PVs and ii) to detect PVs in texts. We designed web interfaces to register the PVs with their features and to detect PVs in the texts as follows: the user enters the text and starts the PVs detection process by splitting the text into words. Smart_PV was validated inserting 80 PVs (including the 25 most common PVs in documents of the European Union) and detecting PVs in texts from different domains. Our results show the expediency of this kind of applications for teachers, students, translators, and common users, as a tool to support translation and text mining tasks. Although a database with more PVs and the analysis of more documents are required, our results demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of our application.
Variation in discourse markers in the speech of Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Rincon Luz Mary
Published: May 2023

A linguistic approach to the study of discourse markers in the speech of the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia) shows a direct correlation between the use of such linguistic units and the age of the speaker. A 2002 study concluded that the younger population preferred markers such as pues (roughly meaning well or so) and o sea (that is), while entonces (then) identified the older group. The middle-aged speakers showed similar rates of preference in the use of both markers. A second study conducted in the year 2011 demonstrated that this speech community was reanalyzing the system of discourse markers. The younger population seemed to favor the use of entonces and pues, and to display a tendency towards the abandonment of expressions such as o sea and the interrogative tag ¿bueno? (place marker to confirm understanding) that identified this group at the beginning of the decade. The variation of discourse markers shows the dynamism of language and the importance of sociolinguistic factors as the trigger of this variability.
Reflections about the use of compliments as a speech act
Authors: Lopera Medina Sergio Alonso
Published: May 2023

The objective of this paper is to reflect about compliments as a speech act. It is important to know the linguistic and functional aspects that compliments involve as they give valuable information of a culture. The reflection proposed in this article is divided into two main parts. The first one aims at describing the compliments and their linguistic forms. The second part involves some considerations of the use of compliments in the context of Medellín (Colombia). It is useful to know the functions, characteristics, and strategies of compliment in order to apply research studies.
Cognitive Demands And the EFL Writer: Observations on Kind, Degree, and Agency
Authors: Gómez González Juan David
Published: May 2023

Research into understanding the process through which EFL writers revise texts have centered on matters of degree: of cognitive capacity and complexity or volume of tasks. This essay explores some of the junctures between dual process theories and EFL composition, and argues that questions of kind can be as pertinent. It aims to show that the kind of cognitive processes involved in revision often define what information the writers process, how they do so, and how they feel about their decisions.
Explicit Teaching of Socio-Affective Language Learning Strategies to Beginner EFL Students
Authors: Fandiño Parra Yamith José
Published: May 2023

The objective of this paper is to explicitly teach socio-affective language learning strategies (SLLS) to positively impact the beliefs, attitudes, anxie­ties, and motivations of a group of beginner EFL students at the Centro Colombo Americano in Bogota (Colombia). Therefore, an action research study was carried out with 17 students who were taking a Basic English cour­se. They answered two open-ended questionnaires, one at the beginning and the other at the end of the study; they also answered questions using a rating scale about affective factors and participated in a set of socio-affective acti­vities designed and implemented by the researcher. As a result of the study, an explicit strategy instruction in SLLS is helpful in heightening learner awareness of the importance of paying attention to their own feelings and social relationships as part of their learning process. Thus affective factors are important considerations that both teachers and students need to reflect on to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of language learning and, ultimately, to gain insight about themselves.

Received: 10-08-09 / Accepted: 04-12-09

How to reference this article:

Fandino Parra, Y. J. (2010). Explicit Teaching of Socio-Affective Language Learning Strategies to Beginner EFL Students. Íkala. 15(1), pp.145-169
Contrastive Socioterminology Analysis: The Case of Julakan and French of Health
Authors: Hien Amélie
Published: May 2023

Up to now, Julakan -unlike French- fails to ensure efficiently and accu­rately transmission of ideas and knowledge in the field of health, even if the concern is sometimes diseases that exist in the environment where this language is used. The aim of this article is to contribute to the enrichment of the Julakan, or at least to stimulate this enrichment which would help this language become an effective means of communication and knowled­ge transfer. The method was a contrastive analysis of the nomenclature of the Julakan language used in the field of traditional medicine with the one utilized in the French language in the domain of modern medicine. The comparison made shows that even though there are instances of equivalence between the concepts of these two languages, there are also situations where quasi-equivalence and terminological gaps can cause problems at the level of communication and health care services. Faced with this reality, this arti­cle suggests specific solutions for each identified critical cases. In addition, new terms are proposed in order to fill terminological gaps and to enrich the nomenclature of the Julakan in the health domain.

Received: 03-03-10 / Accepted: 30-04-10

How to reference this article:Hien, A. (2010). Analyse socioterminologique contrastive: cas du julakan et du français de la santé. Íkala, 15(2), 43 – 72.
Etnoenglish: Weaving Words, Stories and Life Projects of the Zenú People
Authors: Jaraba Ramirez Diana Luz , Arrieta Carrascal Adolfo
Published: May 2023

Colombian bilingual educative policies aim to develop communicative competences in all schools. However, these policies are rarely functional in multicultural communities, such as indigenous communities. At The San Antonio Abad indigenous school, the teaching of English was irrelevant for the students because they never engaged with learning the language. Due to this problem, an ethnographic study was carried out. This study allows us to integrate the identitarian elements of the community to the teaching and learning process of the English language. The results showed that the cohesive element of the community was the arrow cane weaving process. This permitted the implementation of a set of strategies called Etnoenglish, based on the discourse and interaction patterns related to the weaving craftsmanship process. The implementations of these strategies improved the motivation and English learning among the students.
International Certification System for Spanish as a Foreign Language in Antioquia (Colombia): Experience and Perspective
Authors: Jaramillo Cardona Gustavo , Naranjo Jaime Alberto , González Rátiva María Claudia
Published: May 2023

The International System for Spanish as a Foreign Language (SICELE, its Spanish acronym) is an initiative of the Cervantes Institute and a meaningful group of Latin-American universities presented during the Third International Congress of the Spanish Language in 2004. It aims to create parameters to standardize and mutually recognize the different exams or certificates of Spanish as a foreign language that make part of the System. A nationwide nodal work methodology came across for the consolidation of this initiative. This searches to benefit professional development, the study of legal framework, the possible design of international exams, the respect for linguistic varieties, the positioning of the Spanish language and the region as a linguistic destination, among other concrete tasks. This article talks about the Project, the experience with the methodology in Colombia and the challenges ahead for this area of knowledge, especially in Antioquia (Colombia).
Thematic Categorization of Cultural Analysis: A Proposal for Translation
Authors: Igareda Paula
Published: May 2023

In this paper, an analysis is made of the cultural referents of several literary texts and their translation from Spanish into German and English using a methodological tool for cultural analysis. A brief overview is presented, first of the state of the art in relation to the translation of cultural elements, then of the main existing classifications and theories in order to structure the tool, and finally, some examples of how the cultural elements have been translated in the corpus of the study are described. One of the main conclusions is that translators favor the use neutralization or they look for a functional equivalent in the translation of this kind of works.
Reading Comprehension: Interpretation and Translation of Metaphors in Academic English
Authors: Carslen de Escudero Elena , Sastre María Silvia , Loutayf María Soledad
Published: May 2023

Translating is regarded here as interpreting a message and re-wording its meaning using linguistic as well as encyclopaedic knowledge, taking into account the elements in the text and its context. Within this frame, in this paper we try to show how culture and encyclopedic knowledge influence metaphor interpretation, on the basis of translation procedures involving an interactive view of reading. Metaphors found in the texts used in the reading comprehension courses at the university were analyzed. Different mapping conditions and meaning problems with metaphors in different cultures were also studied. The results provide teachers with strategies to guide novel readers in metaphor interpretation.
Assessing Reading Strategy Training Based on CALLA Model in EFL and ESL Context
Authors: Karbalaei Alireza
Published: May 2023

Reading strategies instruction is currently gaining much attention as an effective means of enhancing reading comprehension. In this research, we examined the effect of Underlining Strategy Intervention, based on the CALLA model in EFL and ESL contexts. A group of 189 college students were randomly selected from different universities in Iran and India. Based on a proficiency test, students were grouped into high, moderate, and low level. Then, the underlining strategy was taught during the treatment sessions. The results suggest that intervention or explicit instruction was effective in increasing the reading comprehension of both Iranian and Indian students although Indian ESL students were able to perform better in comparison to their Iranian EFL counterparts. There was no significant difference between proficiency level and students' performance in reading comprehension in EFL and ESL contexts. In addition, there was no significant difference between males and females in both contexts.
Communicative Task and Competence: Reflections on a Focus Group
Authors: Vallejo Gómez Mercedes , Martínez Marín Juan Diego
Published: May 2023

The objective of this article is to describe a foreign language learning management proposal erected from the identification and organization of a communicative task that functions as an articulating element in the communicative competence development. This research proposal was conducted under the action research bases and under the support of participant-teachers within the intention of creating a collaborative work supported on the reflection, critical dialogue and transformation (Burns, 1999). A teachers' focus group was set, journals were made, a diagnostic survey was conducted as well as some semi-structured interviews to teachers; and a learning and teaching management guide was built collaboratively. As a result, we obtained the construction of a guidance document, as one of the partial findings of this ongoing research, that takes into account the communicative competence as a part of an integral concept of language that conveys social agents into specific situations of intercultural communication and that takes into account the following: the definition of a communicative task; the pre-tasks planning leading to the achievement of the communicative task; the task assessment through formative strategies; the activation of learning strategies; the development of some tasks in physical and virtual environments; and the teacher's reflections once the cycle has been completed. The re-validation of the activities suggested by teachers in the foreign language learning process constitutes itself into integrating factor for the development of a communicative task which has inputs and outputs materialized in a series of different instruments concerning comprehensive, interactive and productive conditions.