bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A közúti közlekedés természetkárosító hatása a magyarországi gerincesfaunára : Szakirodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Borza Sándor , Godó Laura , Csathó András István , Valkó Orsolya , Deák Balázs
Published: December 2021

A közlekedés a civilizáció mindennapos velejárója, működésének egyik legfontosabb alappillére. Az elmúlt évtizedekben világszerte jelentős mértékben növekedett az úthálózatok hoszsza és a forgalomban levő gépjárművek száma. A közlekedési infrastruktúra terjeszkedése, valamint a megnövekedett forgalom amellett, hogy megnövekedett környezeti terheléshez és az élőhelyek fragmentációjához vezet, jelentősen növeli az állatok gépjárművekkel történő ütközésének esélyét is. Vizsgálatunkban összegyűjtöttük a magyarországi vonatkozású publikációkat annak érdekében, hogy rámutassunk a közúti közlekedésnek a kétéltű-, hüllő-, madár- és emlős-populációkra kifejtett káros hatásaira. Az irodalmi áttekintés során 41 közleményt találtunk, amelyekben 153 gerincesfaj pusztulását regisztrálták a szerzők. Eredményeink rámutatnak, hogy közúti gázolások következtében milliárdos nagyságrendű természetvédelmi kár keletkezett, és keletkezik jelenleg is a magyarországi gerincesfaunában.
STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VEHICLE MAINTENANCE AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
Authors: SAKNO Olha , MEDVEDIEV Ievgen , KOLESNIKOVA Tatiana
Published: December 2021

A contemporary road vehicle (RV) is a rather complex system, consisting of a large number of subsystems, assemblies, units, and elements (parts). While operating, an RV interacts with the environment, and its elements interact with each other. Consequently, the properties (parameters) of these elements change in the process - hardness, roughness, size, relative position, gapping, etc. A partial solution to the presented problems can be the search for a technique for assessing the RV technical condition by a generalised criterion, which is quite sensitive to changes in the technical state. One of these criteria may be fuel consumption in litres per 100 kilometres. This paper investigates the possibilities of using the fuel consumption indicator as a criterion for assessing the technical condition of the vehicle and the vehicle maintenance and repair technologies have been generalised to obtain a given technical solution. Thus, the possibility of using the fuel consumption indicator as a criterion for assessing the technical condition of the vehicles was explored using the Volkswagen Touran 1.9 TDI operating in urban conditions using a driving cycle. A clear correlation between the fuel consumption and the service lifetime of the vehicle has been established; therefore, it depends on the frequency and quality of the maintenance and repair (MR). The vehicle MR technology has been generalised to obtain a specified technical solution. The process of creating an RV MR Technology model is implemented based on an iterative approach (repetition) with the possibility to specify their features.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SMS) IN AVIATION WITH A FOCUS ON THE SAFETY LEVEL
Authors: BLIŠŤANOVÁ Monika , KEŠEĽOVÁ Michaela , BRŮNOVÁ Ľubomíra
Published: December 2021

Safety is generally characterised as the state of being “safe”, the condition of being protected from harm or other non-desirable consequences. One effective way of achieving it is to implement a safety management system (SMS). SMS should be seen as an aggregate strategic aspect of standard business management, understanding its high priority to safety. This article describes and illustrates SMS in aviation, focusing on the similarities and differences in the system approaches adopted by selected Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs) with the primary focus on the safety level. The main goal is to provide a structural comparison of the system framework within individual CAAs and its explanation in safety-related documents. This article also dealt with the chosen safety approach (reactive, proactive and predictive) and safety performance indicators (SPIs), forming a quality and effective safety system that maintains an acceptable safety level. Finally, this article is mainly based on datasets publicly available through the International Civil Aviation Organisation, Transport Canada, Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia, Federal Aviation Administration, UK Civil Aviation Authority, Civil Aviation Administration of China and Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand websites and documentation related to safety.
PASSENGERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON SECURITY AND SAFETY IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN ETHIOPIA: A CASE STUDY OF ADDIS ABABA
Authors: GIRMA Mulugeta , WOLDETENSAE Berhanu
Published: December 2021

Due to its low fares, public bus transportation as a means of urban road mobility is a popular choice, particularly among city inhabitants. However, owing to its high level of crowdedness, it poses a greater risk of security and safety, particularly during peak hours. Moreover, passengers have continued to voice their dissatisfaction about the services offered, as well as the criminality that occurs in the station and on the bus. The problem is exacerbated in developing countries due to increased travel demand and a lack of appropriate and integrated solutions. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to evaluate commuters' perceptions of their concerns about using public bus transportation in the city, with an emphasis on security and safety in bus operations. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data from 500 users in the city for the study. Using the SPSS software, the data was analyzed. To find out what they think, a descriptive analysis was used. Overcrowding of buses, personal insecurity, and infrequent bus service are the three biggest concerns in using public bus transportation in the city, according to the results. Furthermore, most of the respondents were concerned about crime; specifically, pickpockets, inappropriate touching, and disrespectful language of drivers and conductors are the three top types of crime that concern passengers who use public bus transportation in the city. Additionally, most people felt more insecure while riding the bus and getting on/off the bus, particularly in the evening and between 9:00 and 12:00 p.m. local time. Thus, it is advised that the Addis Ababa City Transport Authority, the Public Bus Transport Enterprise, and other interested parties place a strong emphasis on security and safety when providing public transportation in the city. Furthermore, it is critical to perform regular victim surveys of passengers (as well as operators) to establish whether they have been criminally victimized on the bus system and by what type of crime. Equally important, regularly assess the likely usefulness of new crime prevention measures for reducing bus-related offenses and prepare an annual bus crime reduction strategy.
Dini İnancın Kuvvetlendirilmesi İçin Sultan II. Abdülhamid'e Sunulan Bir Rapor
Authors: DEMİREL Fatih
Published: December 2021

Sultan II. Abdülhamid Dönemi’nde, üzerinde en fazla durulan reform alanı eğitim olmuştur. Dönemde daha önce açılmış olan okulların yaygınlaştırılması sağlandığı gibi yeni eğitim kurumları da faaliyete geçirilmiştir. Reformlar çerçevesinde bir taraftan eğitim kurumlarının sayısal olarak artırılmasına çaba harcanırken diğer taraftan onların öğretim programlarının geliştirilmesine önem verilmiştir. Öğretim programlarının geliştirilmesinde akli ilimlerle ilgili derslerle birlikte toplumun dini ve ahlaki yönden gelişimini sağlayacak dersler dikkate alınmıştır.Bu çerçevede Sultan II. Abdülhamid’in isteği üzerine, dini inancın kuvvetlendirilmesi için İslam mekteplerinde uygulanan öğretim programları Şeyhülislamın başkanlığında oluşturulan bir komisyonca incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda hazırlanan rapor Sultan II. Abdülhamid’e sunulmuştur.Bu çalışmada, hazırlanan rapor, eğitim kurumlarında yapılması istenen değişim ve çeşitli okullar için hazırlanmış öğretim programları ele alınacaktır. Raporda tavsiye edilen değişimlerin ve öğretim programlarının nasıl karşılandığı ve hangi yönleri ile uygulamaya konulduğu değerlendirilecektir.
Diagnostic markers of local adaptive immune response and prognostic criteria of the course of inflammatory oronasopharyngeal diseases in children
Authors:   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Sadovnikova I.V. , Melkumova M.A. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Objective. To study age-related interrelations between cytokine concentrations and parameters of physical development in children with inflammatory diseases of the oropharynx. Materials and methods. 50 children aged 3 to 14 years were examined. Serological tests were performed to determine cytokine concentrations in oronasopharyngeal secretion, their interrelationships, as well as physical development of children with assessment of anthropometric parameters using the centile method. Results. As was found, interleukin-1β concentrations in oral and nasopharyngeal secretions in the group of schoolchildren exceed more than twice this parameter in the group of preschool children. At the same time, the cytokine interferon-g in schoolchildren decreases as compared with preschool children. According to the results of our study, the deviations of the average group anthropometric parameters (body weight and length) in children with inflammatory diseases of the oronasopharynx from the normative values are determined by the dynamic of individual adaptive variability with the predominant restriction of weight parameters. Disharmonious physical development, increasing with age in children with limited adaptive variability, predominantly of weight characteristics, correlates with lower values of the similar characteristic of their local immune response. Conclusion. The results of adaptive immune response and interconnections between cytokine concentrations in oronasopharyngeal mucosa and the anthropometric parameters of children of varied age might serve as the diagnostic markers of local immune response and prognostic criteria for the course of inflammatory diseases of the oronasopharynx in this cohort of children. Key words: adenotonsillar complex, oronasopharynx, immune response, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, physical development
Autoimmune enteropathy
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Novikova V.P. , Prokopyeva N.E. ,   Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Khavkin A.I. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare disease characterised by severe diarrhoea and immune-mediated damage of the intestinal mucosa. The objective: based on analysis of modern literature to describe the diagnostic criteria, etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features and treatment of AIE in children. Results. The diagnostic criteria of AIE include chronic diarrhoea (lasting more than 6 weeks), malabsorption syndrome, specific histological findings of small intestine biopsy when other causes of villous atrophy are excluded. An additional criterion is the presence of antibodies against enterocytes or goblet cells. The following types are singled out: (1) AIE associated with such syndromes as IPEX and APECED; (2) an isolated form of GI AIE with the presence of anti-enterocyte antibodies without diseases of the digestive system; and (3) any form of AIE in girls associated with any other autoimmune phenomena. At present, not less than five subtypes of AIE are known: Primary AIE (paediatric); Syndromal AIE (paediatric); Primary (sporadic) adult ОВОС AIE; Secondary (iatrogenic) adult AIE; Paraneoplastic AIE. Patients with AIE might have associated autoimmune diseases, including diabetes mellitus, autoimmune hepatitis, alopecia, hypothyroidism, and interstitial nephritis. AIE is a complex and potentially life-threatening disease, with the mortality rates reaching 30% in paediatric practice. The prognosis depends on the age of the disease onset, the severity of symptoms and histological lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. The use of therapy based on modern molecular biology technologies, along with nutritive support, immunosuppressive therapy, can help control the disease. Key words: autoimmune enteropathy, IPEX syndrome
Vitamin D deficiency: a pandemic of the 21st century. Problems of standardization of diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency
Authors:   Medical Center «MARINA», Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kochneva E.V. , Kalinchenko S.Yu. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Professor Kalinchenko Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation, Makharoblishvili D.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Vitamin D deficiency is a noninfectious pandemic of the 21st century. Vitamin D, apart from its role in phosphorus-calcium metabolism, is vital for functioning of all organs and systems, and its deficiency is a risk factor of developing aging-associated extraskeletal diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is a multifactor process related to a decreased synthesis of endogenous cholecalcipherol, insufficient intake of exogenous vitamin D and its disordered metabolism. Improvement of the effectiveness of therapeutic and preventive measures for management of vitamin D deficiency is impossible without accurate laboratory diagnosis. Immunochemical methods (radioactive, enzymatic and chemiluminescent) overestimate the 25(ОН)D levels, a benchmark test for vitamin D status assessment is a high performance liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry. In order to reduce the risk of socially significant diseases the adequate 25(ОН)D levels should be not less than 40 ng/mL (100 nmol/L). Key words: vitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry
Functional dyspepsia and dyspepsia associated with Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Uspenskiy Yu.P. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Baryshnikova N.V. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,   Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The article presents algorithms for diagnosing and treatment of patients with H. pylori associated dyspepsia and functional dyspepsia. The importance of testing all patients with dyspepsia for H. pylori infection is emphasized, since H. pylori status has an impact on both therapy and prognosis of disease. Dyspepsia in H. pylori-positive patients is regarded as secondary, associated with H. pylori, and this cohort of patients undergoes anti-Helicopacter therapy. Dyspepsia in H. pylori-negative patients is regarded as functional dyspepsia, if there are relevant diagnostic criteria, and this cohort of patients receives treatment with antisecretory and prokinetic drugs, as well as psychopharmacological medications. Key words: Helicobacter pylori, functional dyspepsia
Russian gastroenterology as an autonomous clinical discipline and the role of academician Vladimir Kh. Vasilenko, member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
Authors:   N.A.Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Borodulin V.I.
Published: December 2021

The process of differentiation of clinical medicine and the formation of multiple new clinical disciplines substituting former therapy and surgery is an important stage of the historical development of clinical internal medicine in Russia, stretching over the third quarter of the 20th century. The author illustrates this process by the example of gastroenterology, showing the constitutive role of academician V.Kh.Vasilenko. Addressing a wide range of sources (literature, archives, including family records; memoirs and personal memories), he creates a faithful portrait of V.Kh.Vasilenko – a physician, scientist, citizen, and a human being. The author holds the opinion that V.Kh.Vasilenko, along with I.A.Kassirskiy and A.L.Myasnikov, who were part of the outstanding leadership team of the therapeutic elite of their time – radiated especially bright light, had an amazingly brilliant talent and unique personality. Key words: V.Kh.Vasilenko, physician, scientist, citizen, human
Enteropathic acrodermatitis in children
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Novikova V.P. , Pokhlebkina A.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zaslavsky D.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Khavkin A.I. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Enteropathic acrodermatitis is a rare hereditary form of zinc deficiency, characterized by periorial and acral dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhea. Refers to congenital disorders of zinc metabolism, inherited as an autosomal recessive disease resulting from mutations in the gene for the zinc transporter SLC39A4. The prevalence ranges from 1 to 9:1,000,000, with an overall incidence of 1:500,000 newborns. The disease usually manifests itself in infancy, within a few weeks of stopping breastfeeding and switching the baby to a cow's milk-based formula, or in the first days of life if artificially fed from birth. The classical clinical manifestations of acrodermatitis enteropathic are characterized by the triad: acral and periofital dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhea, but all three signs together occur only in 20% of cases. Diarrhea may develop concurrently with skin symptoms, may precede or occur later. Characteristic signs of skin lesions include sharply demarcated, dry, scaly erythematous plaques or edematous foci with vesicles and pustules on the skin of the elbow and knee joints, distal extremities, genitals, in the inguinal folds, which are usually symmetrically distributed, have sharp boundaries and irregular outlines. The course of the skin syndrome is long, as it progresses, non-healing erosive and ulcerative areas appear. Plasma zinc deficiency is the gold standard for diagnosis. Most infants with AE have low plasma zinc concentrations (<500 mcg/L or <50 mcg/dl), but a level of less than 70 mcg/L on an empty stomach or less than 65 mcg/dl in older non-dieting children is considered diagnostically significant. Treatment for this disease usually includes enteral or parenteral zinc administration, at a dose of 1-3 mg/kg/day. for elemental zinc. A clinical response is observed within 5–10 days. Supportive zinc therapy is necessary throughout the patient's life, although periods of remission have been reported. Topical therapy is also used: Dexpanthenol in the form of a cream, applied 3 times a day in the area of dermatitis, can enhance re-epithelialization. There is no significant evidence of improvement with topical zinc application. No activity restrictions are required for patients with acrodermatitis enteropathic. Key words: zinc deficiency, enteropathic acrodermatitis, children
Long-term outcomes of prolonged starvation of the fetal body at the stage of its intrauterine development: a review of experimental research
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Khoroshinina L.P. , Aili I. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Lopatieva S.O. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Lazareva A.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Medvedeva T.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

A review article deals with long-term outcomes of prolonged starvation of animals at the stage of intrauterine development. The offspring of females who, throughout the entire pregnancy, received a diet deficient in proteins, vitamins and trace elements develop diseases of the kidneys liver, intestines, and the pancreas. Starvation of pregnant mammals changes the metabolic phenotype in their babies with the appearance of the signs characteristic of cardio-metabolic disorders, i.e. obesity, impaired glucose homeostasis, dyslipidemia, vascular dysfunction, and high blood pressure. Not only starvation of the female during pregnancy but also their malnutrition during lactation play an important role for the future health of their offspring. Experiments with protein deficiency in pregnant rats have shown gender-related differences, such as a reduced nephron number found mainly in male animals born to starving females. The data obtained on animal models are indicative that malnutrition of animals during pregnancy results in delayed development of the fetus, changes the expression of biochemical mechanisms associated with endocrinological and metabolic control in the offspring not only of the first generation but of subsequent generations as well. At present, there is experimental evidence that certain effects of intrauterine programming might be reversible. Key words: starvation during pregnancy, intrauterine development, long-term outcomes, developmental programming of disease, experimental research
Pseudo-allergy to foods or adverse reaction to histamine in foods? Problems of diagnosis and correction
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nesterenko Z.V. , Khavkin A.I. ,   Academician Yu.E.Veltishchev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics at the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The article provides a review of the literature devoted to the study of food intolerance, which frequency is increasing all over the world every year. Establishing the cause of food intolerance as an allergic reaction allows effective therapy and significant improvement the quality of life of patients. However, sometimes it is not possible to identify the offending food that causes discomfort after eating it. This type of intolerance is not detected immediately and is difficult to treat, which leads to the chronic gastrointestinal tract disorders, dermatitis. The so-called "non-allergic adverse food reactions" are of great interest. However, these reactions have not been sufficiently studied and are presented more often as histamine intolerance. Numerous studies in recent years have shown the ambiguity of this problem, which is associated with the development of food reactions with the participation of specific and pseudo-allergic reactions, when provoking non-allergenic factors become full-fledged antigens. So far, no evidence-based laboratory diagnostic methods have been developed to determine risk factors for the occurrence of intestinal dysfunction, as well as the dose of histamine in food that cause the pharmacological effects of histamine exposure. A significant contribution to the study of the problem of pseudo-allergic food intolerance was made by the German guideline for the management of adverse reactions to ingested histamine (2017), framework of which is outlined in the article. Key words: histamine, diamine oxidase, diet, intolerance, foods, pseudo-allergy
Dietary intakes of junior schoolchildren self-isolating due to COVID-19
Authors:   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, Russian Federation, Tapeshkina N.V. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation, Koskina E.V. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation, Ulanova E.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, Russian Federation, Kilina L.P. ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, Russian Federation, Zhusinovich N.P. ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Optimal nutrition under the conditions of self-isolation in the existing epidemiological situation of the COVID-19 pandemic should to the full extent answer the nutrient requirements of children and have a preventive character. The objective of the work: to study the diets of junior schoolchildren who are learning from home during the COVID-19 restrictive measures. Patients and methods. The study included 7–10-year-old children (n = 50). Actual dietary intakes were assessed by 24-hour dietary recalls. Comparison of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the nutrient composition of the diets was based on the norms of the health regulations now in force. Results. The average energy values of children’s diets exceeded the physiological needs recommended during quarantine. The nutrient composition of the diets was imbalanced. Intake of total fats exceeded the physiological requirement by 21–48%, animal protein values approached the recommended daily allowances. Unbalanced intakes of phosphorus and calcium were noted. We also found insufficient intake by children of fish and seafood, eggs, milk and dairy products, vegetables, fruits, and juices. While sausage products, bread and pastry, pasta, noodles, sweets and sugar were present in diets in excess. Conclusion. The study has shown that the problems with organisation of schoolchildren’s nutrition have a persistent character, and they remain during a child’d self-isolation at home during the pandemic. Key words: rational nutrition, school children, self-isolation, COVID-19
Xerostomia as a cause of impaired digestion
Authors:   A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, Afanasyev V.V. , Kalinchenko S.Yu. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   Professor Kalinchenko Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vinokurov N.V. ,   A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vorslov L.O. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   Professor Kalinchenko Clinic, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fomin A.M. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Xerostomia (dryness in the mouth) arises due to inadequate saliva secretion associated with various conditions of the body and, in particular, of the salivary glands. The diagnosis and treatment of xerostomia does not receive due attention in the Russian Federation, whereas saliva forms the food bolus and is responsible for the first stage of food digestion. The causes of xerostomia are varied, and therefore its treatment meets with considerable difficulties. One of the methods of treating xerostomia is replacement therapy, but it is rarely and insufficiently administered in RF. The authors give a detailed description of the clinical picture of a dry mouth in 80 patients, who received a multicomponent formulation «Xerostom » as substitution therapy. The study showed that the best results were obtained by using gel and spray. Key words:salivary glands, xerostomia, saliva substitutes
Environmental, social and governance and creditworthiness: Two contrary evidence from major Asian markets
Authors: Srivisal Narapong , Jamprasert Natthawat , Sthienchoak Jananya , Kuwalairat Pornpitchaya
Published: December 2021

Assets managed under sustainable investment criteria have been massively growing
during the recent years. Among the criteria, environmental, social and governance
(ESG) score leads the group as an important indicator of non-financial quality of a
firm, which may reflect value to investors either through higher expected profit or lower risk. In this paper, we focus on the latter by exploring whether ESG score has linkage to the credit rating of firms due to the risk mitigation effect. Ordered logistic regressions are applied on a panel dataset of listed companies in Shanghai Stock Exchange and Tokyo Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2018. The results suggest that only in Japan, having ESG coverage is greatly associated with being awarded higher credit rating. However, only the environmental and governance pillars positively link to the Japanese firms’ credit ratings, while the social pillar shows negative correlation. The finding of heterogeneous effects translates to an important implication that investment in ESG should be taken with care as the impact of ESG may depend on different nature or culture of markets.
Applications of Ultrafiltration, Reverse Osmosis, Nanofiltration, and Microfiltration in Dairy and Food Industry
Authors: Shekin J Jasper
Published: December 2021

Food industry is the place to convert raw edible materials to processed foods. Processing foods involves standardization, removal of unnecessary components, addition of essential components, thermal treatments etc. Membrane processes help enhancing the food primely in terms of keeping quality, nutritional value, component recovery and by-products utilization. Feed is given to the membrane system while retentate and permeate are obtained. Components of food can be separated according to size, charge and other characteristics using various membrane processes. The major ones are Ultrafiltration, Reverse Osmosis, Nanofiltration and Microfiltration which are done either single or in combination of more than one process and also in addition with processes such as electrodialysis and vacuum membrane distillation. These processes act as step(s) in the operating procedure of a food or as an alternative method to process the same food with better quality.
Las riquezas nocturnas de Introducción a “El origen de la geometría” de Husserl. La fenomenología, la visibilidad y lo literario en el joven Derrida
Authors: Sorin Ana
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo se propone una interpretación de Introducción a “Origen de la geometría” de Husserl de Derrida a la luz de la cuestión de lo literario. Con esto no nos referimos a la literatura como institución, sino a determinada comprensión de la naturaleza del lenguaje en términos no idealistas. Por un lado, se señalará la pregnancia de este tópico en los desarrollos específicos del texto derridiano, mostrando que es fundamental para abordar su crítica a “la exigencia de visibilidad” en Husserl. Por otro, se otorgará una contextualización crítica al interior de su camino intelectual (por ejemplo, en lo que concierne a la tesis doctoral que Derrida estaba escribiendo en ese momento, y a “Fuerza y significación”, el texto que publicó inmediatamente después) que secundará la relevancia otorgada a nuestro desarrollo.
Luis Juan Guerrero, un heideggeriano antropófago. La Estética operatoria como una obra hermenéutico-fenomenológica
Authors: Belgrano Mateo
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar la posición de Guerrero como lector de Heidegger, particularmente las continuidades y discontinuidades conceptuales entre la propuesta metodológica del filósofo argentino de una “estética operatoria” y el ensayo sobre el arte del pensador alemán. Nos concentraremos en el primer tomo, Estética operatoria en tres direcciones. Revelación y acogimiento de la obra de arte y el ensayo “El origen de la obra de arte”. Nuestra hipótesis es que Guerrero es un lector antropófago: Si bien Guerrero adhiere a algunos de los planteos de Heidegger en su ensayo sobre el arte, el filósofo argentino es también crítico y a partir de la lectura de “El origen de la obra de arte” elabora un pensamiento original y propio. Específicamente Guerrero toma, sostenemos, la metodología fenomenológico-hermenéutica y la aplica de un modo original a la obra de arte.
La intuición formal kantiana como resultado de la cooperación entre sensibilidad y entendimiento
Authors: Oroño Matías
Published: December 2021

El objetivo principal de este artículo es ofrecer una interpretación sobre la noción kantiana de “intuición formal”, la cual admite una distinción analítica respecto del concepto de “forma de la intuición”. Defiendo que la intuición formal es el resultado del entrecruzamiento entre la sensibilidad y el entendimiento en tanto facultades mutuamente irreductibles. De este modo, se subraya la cooperación necesaria entre las facultades, y al mismo tiempo se indica la radical heterogeneidad entre el aporte sensible y el aporte intelectual. Esta interpretación permite tomar distancia de las interpretaciones fuertemente conceptualistas (que reducen la unidad sensible a la unidad del entendimiento) y de las lecturas no conceptualistas (que consideran que la unidad sensible no supone la actividad del entendimiento).
Raymond Aron y Max Weber
Authors: Mansuy Daniel
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo busca describir el diálogo intelectual entre Raymond Aron y Max Weber, que está marcado fundamentalmente por dos etapas. La primera etapa está marcada por el descubrimiento: Aron conoce a Weber en los años ’30, y se siente muy atraído por su rigor metodológico y su modo de comprender la realidad política. Luego, a partir de los años ’50, Aron toma cierta distancia de algunas tesis centrales de Weber. En particular, no cree que el científico, en cuanto tal, pueda alcanzar algo así como la neutralidad. Sin embargo, esto no le impide reconocer en la obra de Weber un aporte macizo para las ciencias sociales, y recoger muchas de sus enseñanzas.
Filosofía del deseo 1: Aristóteles y el thymós
Authors: Ramos-Umaña Leonardo
Published: December 2021

A fin de clarificar qué es exactamente el fenómeno humano de la akrasía o incontinencia en sentido pleno (a saber, aquella por causa de la epithymía o apetito), en Ética nicomaquea VII.4-10, Aristóteles presenta la incontinencia por analogía, es decir, aquella por causa del thymós o coraje. A pesar de su intención, la explicación de la segunda solamente enreda la comprensión de la primera, y el lector termina por no tener clara ninguna de las dos. El propósito de este escrito es proporcionar algunas luces al tema de la akrasía por thymós, concretamente, intentando resolver tres incógnitas: (1) ¿qué es, exactamente, esta pasión? (2) ¿Quiénes son peores, quienes se dejan llevar por sus apetitos (como los que actúan mal por lujuria o gula) o quienes se dejan llevar por su coraje (como los que actúan mal por ira o celos), y por qué? Finalmente, (3) ¿somos responsables por los errores que lleguemos a cometer en un arrebato de ira?
Factors inhibiting the psychological recovery process of children in conflict with the law
Authors: Puspitawati Putri Marlenny , Subandi Subandi , Adiyanti Maria Goretti , Hiariej Eddy Omar Sharif , Bulut Solmaz
Published: December 2021

Psychological assistance is strongly needed in relation to the recovery of the psychological state of children who are in conflict with the law. Semarang City has developed a school-based restorative justice program as a response to such needs. This research aims to explore the factors which could potentially obstruct the psychological recovery process of these children during the implementation of the program. The study adopts a qualitative design through multiple case studies, with the participation of three children and those close to them. The case study data analysis was conducted based on Yin's (2015) techniques, consisting of pattern matching, explanation building, logic models, and cross-case synthesis. The results show that negative support from peers, drug abuse, negative role models, emotional detachment from close friends and relatives, and negative stigma were the factors obstructing the recovery process of the participants. These findings could be essential for practitioners’ design of psychological interventions which are more relevant to the children’s recovery needs.
How do they deal with the Pandemic? The effect of secure attachment and mindfulness on adolescent resilience
Authors: Aini Dewi Khurun , Stück Marcus , Sessiani Lucky Ade , Darmuin Darmuin
Published: December 2021

Building resilience is a great necessity, especially for adolescents who have spent most of their time at home with their families and have also had to cope with the pandemic situation. Resilience ensures that they persevere, adapt, and rise to the occasion when dealing with difficult circumstances. This study aims to empirically test the role of secure attachment and mindfulness in adolescent resilience in the New Normal era. The subjects were 220 adolescents, students at junior high school in the city of Semarang, selected using the convenience sampling technique. The study is a correlational quantitative research using regression analysis. The instrument employed involved scales, namely the Secure Attachment Scale, the Mindfulness Scale, and the Resilience Scale. The results show a significant and positive relationship between secure attachment and mindfulness in relation to adolescents’ resilience in the New Normal. The results, therefore, indicate that families should emphasize the development of psychological skills in adolescents, especially resilience, across the country.
Psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale: Factor structure, reliability, gender, and age measurement invariance
Authors: Muttaqin Darmawan , Ripa Serena
Published: December 2021

Measurement instruments that have satisfactory psychometric properties are needed to improve mental health research and services, especially in the effort to measure, identify, and monitor the psychological problems experienced by individuals. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). The study involved 1,922 participants from Surabaya aged between 16 and 26. The data were obtained using the convenience sampling method. Testing of the factor structure, reliability, and measurement invariance of the Indonesian DASS was performed using a confirmatory factor, composite reliability, and multi-group analysis. It was found that a bifactor model consisting of specific (depression, anxiety, and stress) and general (psychological distress) factors was the best structure for the DASS. Furthermore, the model also showed satisfactory composite reliability and measurement invariance across genders. The results indicated that the Indonesian version of the DASS was a valid and reliable instrument for measuring and comparing depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological distress between genders in the Indonesian sample.
Osteoporoza Bağlı Kifozlu Hastalara Uygulanan Egzersizlerin Oluşturduğu Denge Değişikliklerine İlişkin Veriler Kullanılarak Yapay Sinir Ağlarının Diğer Sınıflandırma Algoritmalarıyla Karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Serdar
Published: December 2021

Osteoporoz, sırt kas gücünde azalma, ağrı, şekil bozuklukları, esneklik kaybı, vertebral veya nonvertebral kırık oluşturması gibi nedenlerden dolayı hastaların yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen bir hastalıktır. Osteoporoza bağlı kifozu olan hastalarda egzersizlerin denge üzerine olumlu etkisi vardır. Bu çalışmada egzersiz etkisinin araştırılması için yapılan bir çalışmadaki veriler kullanılmıştır. Hastalara uygulanan egzersizlerin öncesi (EÖ) ve sonrası (ES) iki farklı durumu karakterize edebilecek en uygun sınıflandırıcıyı bulmak amaçlanmıştır. Sınıflandırıcılar için ihtiyaç duyulan öznitelikler, statik denge performans değerlendirme skorları (öznitelik I) ve fonksiyonel mobilite değerlendirme skorları (öznitelik II) olmuştur. 26 sınıflandırıcı performansı karşılaştırıldığında, %91.4’lik en yüksek başarı oranı öznitelik I ve öznitelik II’nin giriş olarak kullanıldığı yapay sinir ağları; %36.4’lük en düşük başarı oranı ile sadece öznitelik I nin giriş yapıldığı Kuadratik (Quadratic) destek vektör makinası (DVM) ve sadece öznitelik II’nin giriş yapıldığı Kübik (Cubic) DVM algoritmaları ile elde edilmiştir. Doğruluk oranı açısından en başarılı olan yapay sinir ağları yönteminin eğitim için harcadığı zaman diğer başarılı algoritmalara göre daha fazla olmuştur.
Et ve et ürünlerinin tekstürel özelliklerini enstrümantal olarak tespit etme yöntemleri ve tekstür profil analizi üzerine bir derleme
Authors: ERDEMİR Ebru , KARAOĞLU Mehmet
Published: December 2021

Gıdalarda tekstür, dokunsal duyular başta olmak üzere vücudun bazı kısımları ile gıda arasındaki fiziksel temas
sonucunda verilen tepkidir. Tekstür, et ve et ürünlerinin seçimi ve tüketilmesi sürecinde en önemli kalite özelliklerinden
biridir. Çiğ, işlenmiş ve tüketime hazır et ürünlerinin tekstür değerlendirmesi ürün kalitesini kontrol etmek, tasarım ve
optimizasyon süreçlerini belirlemek ve istenen son ürün tekstürünü elde etmek için oldukça önemlidir. Et ürünlerinin tekstürü
büyük ölçüde myofibriler proteinin jelleşme özelliklerine bağlıdır. Yüksek basınç ve sıcaklık uygulamaları, tuzlama, kurutma
gibi işleme yöntemleri de et ve et ürünlerinin tekstürünü etkilemektedir. Et ürünlerinin tekstürünü geliştirmek için tuz,
fosfatlar ve/veya alkalin ve/veya hidrokolloidler (zamklar, dekstroz ve/veya karragenanlar) kullanılmaktadır. Tekstürün
değerlendirilmesi, ürün yüzeyinin görsel algılanması, farklı etkilere yanıt olarak ürün davranışı, çiğneme ve özellikle yutma
sırasında algılanan ağız içi duyuların entegrasyonunu içeren dinamik ve karmaşık bir süreçtir. Kesme (shear), delme
(penetration), gerilim ve gevşeme (stress-relaxation), tekstür profil analizi (TPA), ekstrüzyon (extrusion), germe ve bükme
(tension and torsion) gibi enstrümantal testler formülasyonları optimize etmeye ve tüketici tarafından algılanacak duyusal
özellikleri (sertlik, çiğnenebilirlik vb.) tespit etmeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Birçok gıdanın tekstürel özelliklerini
değerlendirmek için iyi bir yöntem olan TPA ile elde edilen kurveden sertlik (hardness/firmness), yapışkanlık (adhesiveness),
elastikiyet (springiness), kırılganlık (fracturability), kohesivlik (cohesiveness), sakızımsılık (gumminess), çiğnenebilirlik
(chewiness) ve anlık elastikiyet (resilience) gibi ürünün tüketim kalitesini önemli derecede etkileyen tekstürel özellikler
belirlenebilmektedir.
Farmasötik Preparatlarda Ondansetron Tayini İçin Elektrokimyasal Sensör Geliştirilmesi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Zehra Özden , KOÇER Mustafa Barış , SAYIN Serkan , KÜÇÜKKOLBAŞI Semahat
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, farmasötik preparatlardaki ondansetron içeriğinin belirlenmesi için karbon nanotüp immobilize diester-kaliks[4]arene (CNT-Calix-DE) dayalı elektrokimyasal sensör geliştirildi. Sensör hazırlama aşamasında, camsı karbon elektrot yüzeyi CNT-Calix-DE ile modifiye edildi. Sensörün yüzey morfolojisi, elektrokimyasal karakterizasyonu ve analitik performansı, taramalı elektron mikroskopu (SEM), elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopisi (EIS) ve diferansiyel puls anodik sıyırma voltametrisi (DPASV) kullanılarak incelendi. Optimum deneysel koşullar altında, geliştirilen sensör ondansetrona karşı 1.0-10.0 µM konsantrasyon aralığında doğrusal cevap gösterdi. Sensörün analitik uygulanabilirliği farmasötik preparatlarda ondansetron tayini yapılarak araştırıldı.
Fenolik Bileşiklerden Sinnamik Asit, Kafeik Asit ve p-kumarik Asit’in Bazı Biyolojik Aktiviteleri
Authors: ONAT Kadriye Aslıhan , SEZER Merve , ÇÖL Bekir
Published: December 2021

Fenolik bileşikler, bitkiler tarafından sentezlenen sekonder metabolitlerin bir grubudur. Bir benzen halkasına hidroksil grubu (-OH) veya grupları eklenmesi ile oluşur. Fenolik asitler, fenolik bileşiklerin bir türevidir. 7 karbon atomu (C6-C1) içeren hidroksibenzoik asitler ve 9 karbon atomu (C6-C3) içeren hidroksisinnamik asitler olmak üzere ikiye ayrılırlar. Hidroksisinnamik asitlerin, yapılan birçok çalışma ile antibakteriyel, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oksidan, anti-kanser, anti-enflamatuar, anti-diyabetik, anti-melanojenik gibi aktiviteleri olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu bileşiklerin bitkilerde yaygın olarak bulunması, doğal olması, birçok biyolojik aktivitelerinin bulunması çalışılması açısından avantaj sağlamaktadır. Tüm bunların yanı sıra, trans sinnamik asit, kafeik asit ve p-kumarik asitin geniş spektrumlu antioksidan aktivitesi, ilaç, kozmetik, temizlik, gıda sektörlerinde kullanılabilme potansiyelini arttırmaktadır. Bu avantajları ve potansiyelleri fenolik bileşikleri çalışılması için cezbedici hale getirmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında, trans-sinnamik asit, kafeik asit ve pkumarik asitin anti-bakteriyel, anti-biyofilm, anti-oksidan, anti-kanser gibi aktiviteleri üzerine yapılan bazı araştırmalardan bahsedilmiştir.
Antioxidant Capacity, Fatty Acid Profile and Volatile Components of the Onopordum Anatolicum and Onopordum Heteracanthum Species Seeds Grown in Van, Turkey
Authors: BAŞTÜRK Ayhan , PEKER Sümeye
Published: December 2021

The crude oil contents, total phenolic contents, volatile components and antioxidant activities of Onopordum anatolicum and Onopordum heteracanthum species seeds were investigated. In addition, the fatty acid profile, tocopherol contents, peroxide values, free fatty acidity and color values of the oils obtained from species seeds were determined. The oil contents of O. anatolicum and O. heteracanthum species seeds were found to be 15.84% and 12.54%, respectively. Total phenolic contents were found as 18554 and 13015 mg-GAE kg-1. DPPH (% inhibition) values in the studied seeds and BHT were determined as 84.41, 66.73, and 86.92% and ABTS values were determined as 121.18, 46.90, and 123.78 mmol Trolox eq. g-1. Linoleic acid (49.38 and 38.09%) and oleic acid (30.04 and 22.07%) were the most abundant fatty acids in the oil from seeds. In addition, a significant amount of α-tocopherol (1066.99 mg kg-1) was detected in O. anatolicum seed oil. Furthermore, 17 volatile compounds were detected in different amounts of each in the seeds of the species. In the light of all these findings, it was concluded that the seeds of O. anatolicum and O. heteracanthum could be appreciated as alternative oil raw materials, and used as natural antioxidant and polyunsaturated fatty acids sources in the formulation in functional foods.
Scolymus hispanicus L. Unu İlavesinin Hamurun Reolojik Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: DÜLGER ALTINER Dilek , ŞAHAN Yasemin
Published: December 2021

Scolymus hispanicus L. (Şevketi Bostan), Marmara, Ege ve Akdeniz bölgelerinde yabani olarak yetişen ve özellikle Ege bölgesinde sebze olarak tüketilen yabani bir bitkidir. Ayrıca, günümüzde geleneksel tıpta ve ilaç sanayinde hammadde olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, S. hispanicus L. unu (SHU) ilavesinin (%5, %10, %20, %30 ve %40) buğday un kalitesi ve hamurunun reolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi belirlenmiştir. Hamur özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde, ekstensograf ve farinograf metodları kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca buğday ununun fizikokimyasal (yaş gluten miktarı, Zeleny sedimentasyon ve düşme sayısı değerleri) ile BU ve SHU’nun bazı kimyasal özellikleri (nem, kül, protein, yağ içerikleri) belirlenmiştir. SHU ilavesi ile hamurun protein ve kül içeriğinde artış, yağ içeriğinde ise azalma belirlenmiştir. Farinograf analizi sonuçlarına göre SHU ilavesinin hamurun su kaldırma ve gelişme sürelerini önemli derecede etkilediği, 10. dakikada yumuşama derecesini düşürdüğü tespit edilmiştir. Ekstensograf değerlerinde ise maksimum dirençte artış, uzama kabiliyeti ve enerji değerinde azalma gözlenmiştir. SHU farklı katkı oranlarının, hamurun hazırlanması aşamasında, kıvam üzerine sertleştirici etki gösterdiği ve hamur direncini artırdığı görülmektedir. SHU’nun, un formülasyonlarında kullanılması, un ve hamur kalitesi açısından oldukça olumludur. Bu nedenle SHU, özellikle tahıl ürünlerinin üretiminde hamur özelliklerini iyileştiren fonksiyonel bir gıda katkı maddesi olarak kullanılabilir.
On Schur Stability and Oscillation of Second Order Difference Equations
Authors: ÇAKIROĞLU Ramazan , DUMAN Ahmet , AYDIN Kemal
Published: December 2021

In this study, the results on the behavior of the solutions of second order difference equations are examined. The results determining under which perturbation the solutions retain their characteristics are given. The obtained results are analyzed with numerical examples.