bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Collaborative optimization approach for grid equipment overhaul/retirement strategy considering system effectiveness and risk
Authors: Ma Xiaoqing , Wang Sixian , Li Yang , Liu Zongqi
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the science of grid equipment overhaul and decommissioning decisions, a collaborative optimization method of equipment overhaul/decommissioning strategy considering system effectiveness and risk is proposed. The interaction effect between overhaul and decommissioning is analysed from the perspective of system effectiveness, and 2 attributes of integrated cost input and system reliability improvement are proposed, and then a prospect model with cost/benefit attributes is established based on the prospect theory. Then, with the maximum integrated prospect value as the optimization objective, a collaborative optimization model of overhaul/decommissioning strategy is established with the system risk level as the constraint. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by taking the transformer equipment of an urban area distribution network as an example.
Analysis of domestic water consumption in typical countries and its enlightenment to China
Authors: Du Boyu , Guo Xiaoqian , Yan Qiang , Duan Hongmei , Liu Guwang
Published: June 2022

With the development of the country and the improvement of the level of science and technology, the use of water resources in China is on the rise. Among them, the domestic water consumption is increasing rapidly, and it is predicted that the domestic water consumption in China will reach two to three times that in the early 21st century in the middle of the 21st century. Based on the data of domestic water consumption in ten typical countries in the world, such as the United States, Germany and Japan, this paper studies the variation of per capita domestic water consumption in these countries with per capita GDP, urbanization rate and other factors. Taking these data as samples, the domestic water consumption in China is predicted. The prediction results can further help relevant departments to formulate reasonable policies in water resources planning.
Analysis of Soil Layer Thickness and Its Influencing Factors in Gully of the Loess Plateau
Authors: Lei Na , Shen Jianglong
Published: June 2022

Soil thickness is an important basic characteristic of soil, which can directly reflect the degree of soil development, is closely related to soil fertility, and is an important index for identifying soil fertility in the field. It is not only a supplementary source of soil nutrients, but also a primitive storage of soil minerals, and a main indicator for judging the degree of soil erosion. Soil thickness and properties are important indicators of soil quality and an important material basis for plant growth. Soil thickness can affect vegetation growth and surface hydrology, and also has a decisive effect on landslides, soil erosion, and soil fertility and productivity. In view of this, this paper studies the soil thickness and its influencing factors, and provides a theoretical basis for improving the soil quality in different regions and protecting the regional ecological environment.
Research Progress of Soil Impoverishment
Authors: Li Yanan , Wang Jian
Published: June 2022

Soil barrenness is an important type of land degradation, which seriously restricts the food security and sustainable development of agriculture in my country. This paper analyzes the status quo of soil barrenness, its causes and development trends, barrenness treatment measures, and research directions of soil barrenness, in order to serve as a reference for the research and development of soil barrenness.
Impact of Global Warming on China’s Agricultural Production
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: June 2022

Global warming has had an important impact on China’s agricultural production, especially the intensified uneven distribution of water and heat resources and the increased frequency of extreme weather, resulting in a significant increase in the risk of agricultural production. Alleviating a series of negative effects of climate warming on agricultural production has always been the focus of governments and scholars, and it is also the basis of realizing agricultural sustainable development. This paper summarizes the impact of climate warming on China’s agricultural production from five aspects: agricultural planting system and structural layout, agricultural diseases and pests, agricultural management, agricultural ecosystem and agricultural production potential. Based on the above specific impacts, the urgent problems faced by China's agricultural production are pointed out, and the countermeasures to reduce the impact of climate warming are put forward from the aspects of policy, technology, research and cooperation, in order to provide references for other governments to deal with the negative impact of global warming, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Technology Based on Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis
Authors: Ma Ziyi , Sun Mengyu , Du Jinlei , Lin Yao , Liu Qian
Published: June 2022

Metal wastewater and saline wastewater are two major problems in the field of wastewater treatment. At present, common treatment methods include ion exchange, electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. The ion exchange method often uses chemical reagents to achieve regeneration, which is likely to cause secondary pollution after treatment. Electrodeionization technology can continuously operate to treat wastewater, and does not require the use of acid-base reagents to achieve resin regeneration, but the structure is complex and requires higher pretreatment. Bipolar membrane electro-regenerative ion exchange is a new technology that has been practically applied in water supply treatment by a certain enterprise. A considerable degree of ion exchange capacity, after reaching the exchange capacity, the bipolar membrane is used for water dissociation to achieve electrical regeneration of the membrane. On the basis of investigating the desalination and regeneration of groundwater (well water) by this technology, this paper studies its removal effect on simulated food processing salty wastewater, Cu2+ and Fe2+ containing simulated electroplating rinsing wastewater. Influence of operating conditions such as influent flow on the treatment effect.
Study on Segmental Growth Characteristics of Main Faults in Southern Aer Sag
Authors: Han Siyan , Wei Yan , Chen Fangzheng
Published: June 2022

The segmental growth of faults plays an important role in controlling oil and gas. This time, the southern part of the Aer sag is taken as the main research object to analyze the growth process of the faults. This paper uses the fault distance-distance curve, the fault distance-buried depth curve and the growth index to study the active stage of the segmental growth of the fault. The maximum fault distance subtraction method is used to strip back the faults, restore the ancient faults, and clarify the development characteristics of the main faults in each period. It is concluded that the Altala fault is a three-segment growth fault, and the fault continued to act during the depositional period of the A3 to Teng2 members, and the activity of the A4 was the most intense. The Hanwula fault is a two-segment growth fault. The faults continued to move during the depositional period of the A4 to Teng2 members, and the fault activity was most intense in the upper Teng1 sub-member. Hanwu Ladong belongs to a two-stage segmental growth fault, and the faults continued to be active during the strata depositional period from the first sub-member of Teng 1 to the second member of Teng 2, and the fault activity was most intense in the first sub-member of Teng. This study enriches the theory of the structure of the Erlian Basin's Aer sag and supports further breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration.
New progress and recognition of structural characteristics in Lianmuqin area of Turpan-Hami Basin
Authors: Zan Chunjing , Zhao Zhongbo , Shi Shangming
Published: June 2022

Based on the study of geological conditions in Lianmuqin area, Turpan-Hami Basin, the structural characteristics of upper Shanshan Group, upper Sandili Dadun Formation, and the top of Kalaza Formation from the bottom to the bottom in the study area are analyzed. According to the structural morphological characteristics of the fault interpretation, comprehensive description of the size and length of the fault, the new fault interpretation. The interpretation process is more logical under the guidance of sedimentary and tectonic theories.
Types of Beixi slopes and the process of tectonic evolution
Authors: Lv Chao , Wang Yougong
Published: June 2022

The phenomenon of oil and gas accumulation on the Beixi slope is obvious, which is one of the important directions of oil and gas pre-exploration and increasing reserves and production in the future. Taking the Beixi slope as the target area, according to the geological characteristics, the Beixi slope is divided into the differential subsidence type of the same fault depression, the reverse normal fault tilting and lifting slope and the compound slope. The evolution profile of Beixi slope is restored by using 2Dmove application software. based on the joint action of structure and deposition of Beixi slope, the fault evolution process of Beixi slope can be divided into four stages: rift stage 1 (Tongbamiao formation-N14 reflection layer), rift stage 2 (N14 reflection layer-T22 reflection layer), fault depression conversion stage (T22 reflection layer-T04 reflection layer) and depression inversion stage (above T04 reflection layer).
Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Precipitation in Different Seasons in Heilongjiang Province from 1954 to 2013
Authors: Chen Zhexing
Published: June 2022

This paper intends to provide data as reference basis for Heilongjiang Provinces’ optimization of precipitation forecast and the resource allocation. The precipitation characteristics of Heilongjiang Province from 1954-2013 (60 years) were studied by Mann-Kendall rank order correlation test, mutation test, linear trend analysis, and Kriging interpolation combined with GIS analysis. The results show that the overall trend of precipitation in Heilongjiang Province from 1954 to 2013 was decreasing, but the results of segmental analysis show that the trend has been increasing since 1980, and the spatial distribution was characterized by high in the east and low in the west, with the precipitation center in the middle; the seasonal average precipitation gradually increased from east to west, and the precipitation was mainly concentrated in summer, accounting for 63.47% of the year. The annual precipitation was mainly light rainfall, but the difference with the medium rain was not large, both about 35%.
Determination of fenamidone residues by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Dan , Wang Chunqiong , Chen Li , Gu Yi , Zhang Ke , Wang Yuemao , Sun Haowei , Zhang Yan , Yang Yaling
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to establish a novel, simple and rapid surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection technology for fenamidone. Fenamidone is a fungicide widely used with curative activity against oomycete diseases. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared by improved trisodium citrate reduction method of chloroauric acid. As a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active colloid, the optimized product had the advantages of high sensitivity, reproducibility and chemical stability. The Results showed that the detection limit of fenamidone adsorbed on AuNPs was 0.01 mg/kg. The linear response between SERS intensity and logarithmic concentration was R2 = 0.9562. The method was preliminary applied in tobacco sample and showed its potential to serve as an alternative rapid quantification method of fenamidone residues with simplicity, efficiency, high accuracy and precision.
Intelligent Explorations of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control in Coal Mine
Authors: Chen Ze , Zhao Yihan , Yang Dongyi , Li Zhenguo , Liu Zhaoxiang , Yang Yingbing , Dong Xudong , Zhang Enlong
Published: June 2022

Coal enterprises in high yield and high efficiency at the same time accompanied by a large number of occupational disease personnel, in order to continuously improve the operating environment of coal mining enterprises in each operation point, reduce occupational disease hazards, reduce the incidence of occupational diseases, to ensure the health and personal safety of operators, in recent years in China’s coal industry occupational disease incidence and occupational health management department changes on the basis of the basis of intelligent mine construction theory and technology, combined with the production and distribution of occupational disease hazard factors in various coal mine work sites, Through the comprehensive use of optimization of the equipment start-up process, the real-time monitoring technology of occupational disease hazard factors and the linkage of key equipment, the excavation of the long pressure short pumping system of the working surface, the establishment of a centralized control room, the exploration of the use of positive pressure fully enclosed helmets, active sound reduction technology, noise reduction headphones and other intelligent technologies and means, from the source control, process elimination, terminal control of the three dimensions of dust concentration and noise value to the coal mine safety regulations limit value, thereby improving the operating environment, reducing the incidence of occupational diseases, Maximize the health of operators throughout their careers and help coal companies achieve sustainable development.
Advances in selection mechanism of aquatic insects on water flow velocity and substrate in small mountain rivers
Authors: Guo Weijie , Gong Dandan , Zhao Weihua
Published: June 2022

As a major group of macroinvertebrate benthos, aquatic insects can reflect the status of river ecosystem to a great extent, and are one of the important biological monitoring indicators. Sediment and flow velocity are very important environmental factors which can affect community structure and biological characteristics of aquatic insects in rivers. However, there were few studies on the relationship between benthos and the two factors at home and abroad. In future, it is suggested to use physical model to simulate and construct the coupling relationship between diversity index of aquatic insects, flow velocity and sediment, and can reveal the selection mechanism of aquatic insects on velocity and sediment, so as to provide scientific basis for the protection and restoration of aquatic habitat of small rivers in mountainous areas.
Research on Dust Source Traceability Based on Dust Migration Law in Working Area of Large Mining Height Fully-mechanized Face
Authors: Li Zhi , Ma Wei
Published: June 2022

The dust control basis of fully mechanized mining face is clear dust source characteristics. In view of the problem of unclear dust source and unknown distribution characteristics in the working area of 7.8 m large fully mechanized mining face, the fully mechanized mining face of Shendong Bulianta Coal Mine is selected as the The research object adopts the method of combining numerical simulation and field measurement to study the dust migration law based on the single action and joint action of the two main dust sources of shearer cutting coal and column moving frame, and obtains the dust migration law. According to the characteristics, the distribution of respirable dust concentration in the breathing zone of personnel in the vicinity of the shearer was further analyzed. The results show that the dust produced by dropping the column and moving the frame has the greatest impact on the dust concentration in the operator’s area. The maximum value of the respirable dust concentration in the operator’s area when cutting coal downwind and upwind is in the middle of the shearer, and originates from the shearer cutting coal. The proportions of dust source and column-moving dust source were 44.50% and 76.69%, respectively. The dust traceability research can provide a theoretical basis for the targeted management of dust in fully mechanized mining face with large mining height.
Intérêt des jeux sérieux pour la formation des professionnels de santé au raisonnement clinique et à la prise de décision
Authors: Blanié Antonia
Published: June 2022

Contexte et problématique:En plein essor, le jeu sérieux est un jeu vidéo à visée pédagogique, c’est à dire un dispositif de simulation virtuelle sur un matériel numérique associant des éléments de jeu et un objectif pédagogique. Cet outil pédagogique permet un apprentissage expérientiel; de ce fait, il peut être exploité pour la formation des professionnels de santé au raisonnement clinique et à la prise de décision.Objectif:En s’appuyant sur des arguments de nature théorique et sur une revue narrative ciblée de la littérature, la présente contribution dresse un inventaire des impacts documentés de l’efficacité des jeux sérieux pour la formation des professionnels de la santé et formule quelques perspectives pédagogiques.Exégèse :Les jeux sérieux permettent d’opérationnaliser quatre conditions favorisant l’apprentissage: l’attention, l’engagement cognitif actif, la rétroaction et la consolidation. Bien qu’hétérogènes, les données de la littérature montrent que, sous certaines conditions, les jeux sérieux permettent de soutenir des apprentissages qui améliorent la prise de décision, d’une manière comparable aux dispositifs traditionnels. Certaines incertitudes demeurent quant à leur place exacte par rapport à d’autres dispositifs utilisant des ressources numériques ou à d’autres méthodes pédagogiques. Des travaux de recherche pédagogique sont à poursuivre dans certains domaines tels que la motivation et les modalités pédagogiques.Conclusion:Les jeux sérieux font partie des outils pédagogiques à disposition des enseignants lorsqu’ils souhaitent proposer à leurs étudiants des opportunités d’apprentissage actif et expérientiel, par exemple dans le cadre de formations centrées sur la prise de décision.
HDAC1 Promotes Myocardial Fibrosis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by
Inhibiting BMP-7 Transcription Through Histone Deacetylation
Authors: Ouyang Chun , Huang Lei , Ye Xiaoqiang , Ren Mingming , Han Zhen
Published: June 2022

Objective Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) constitutes a primary cause of
mortality in diabetic patients. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition can
alleviate diabetes-associated myocardial injury. This study investigated the
mechanism of HDAC1 on myocardial fibrosis (MF) in DCM.

Methods A murine model of DCM was established by a high-fat diet and
streptozotocin injection. The bodyweight, blood glucose, serum insulin, and
cardiac function of mice were analyzed. Lentivirus-packaged sh-HDAC1 was
injected into DCM mice and high glucose (HG)-induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).
The pathological structure of the myocardium and the level of myocardial
fibrosis were observed by histological staining. HDAC1 expression in mouse
myocardial tissues and CFs was determined. Collagen I, collagen III,
alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and vimentin levels in CFs were
detected, and CF proliferation was tested. HDAC activity and histone acetylation
levels in tissues and cells were measured. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7)
expression in myocardial tissues and CFs was determined. Functional rescue
experiments were conducted to confirm the effects of histone acetylation and
BMP-7 on myocardial fibrosis.

Results DCM mice showed decreased bodyweight, elevated blood glucose and
serum insulin, and cardiac dysfunction. Elevated HDAC1 and reduced BMP-7
expressions were detected in DCM mice and HG-induced CFs. HDAC1 repressed BMP-7
transcription through deacetylation. HDAC1 silencing alleviated MF, reduced CF
proliferation and decreased collagen I, -III, α-SMA, and vimentin
levels. However, reducing histone acetylation level or BMP-7 downregulation
reversed the effects of HDAC1 silencing on CF fibrosis.

Conclusion HDAC1 repressed BMP-7 transcription by enhancing histone
deacetylation, thereby promoting MF and aggravating DCM.
Voluntary Increase of Minute Ventilation for Prevention of Acute
Mountain Sickness
Authors: Drago Sebastian , Campodónico Juan , Sandoval Mario , Berendsen Remco , Buijze Geert Alexander
Published: June 2022

This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of voluntary sustained
hyperventilation during rapid ascent to high altitude for the prevention of
acute mountain sickness (AMS). Study subjects (n=32) were volunteer
participants in a 2-day expedition to Mount Leoneras (4954 m), starting at 2800m
(base camp at 4120 m). Subjects were randomized to either: 1) an intervention
group using the voluntary hyperventilation (VH) technique targeting an end-tidal
CO2 (ETCO2)<20 mmHg; or 2) a group using
acetazolamide (AZ). During the expedition, respiratory rate (28±20 vs.
18±5 breaths/min, mean±SD, P<0.01) and
SpO2 (95%±4% vs.
89%±5%, mean±SD, P<0.01) were higher,
and ETCO2 (17±4 vs. 26±4 mmHg, mean±SD,
P<0.01) was lower in the VH group compared to the AZ group – as
repeatedly measured at equal fixed intervals during the ascent – showing
the feasibility of the VH technique. Regarding efficacy, the incidence of 6
(40%) subjects registering an LLS score≥3 in the VH group was
non-inferior to the 3 (18%) subjects in the acetazolamide group
(P=0.16, power 28%). Voluntary increase in minute ventilation is
a feasible technique, but – despite the underpowered non-inferiority in
this small-scale proof-of-concept trial – it is not likely to be as
effective as acetazolamide to prevent AMS.
Sport und Atemwegserkrankungen
Authors: Latsch Joachim , Grabe Miriam
Published: June 2022

Für Sportlerinnen und Sportler mit Atemwegserkrankungen gab es schon immer unterschiedliche Empfehlungen – die Coronapandemie hat die Sachlage nicht gerade vereinfacht. Unsere Autoren helfen Ihnen, die richtigen Entscheidungen zu treffen, wenn Sie Sportlerinnen und Sportler mit Atemwegserkrankungen betreuen.
An in-Depth Analysis of Ovarian Cancer: Pathogenesis and Clinical
Manifestation
Authors: Mahima Mahima , Mahmood Tarique , Ved Akash , Siddiqui Mohammed Haris , Ahsan Farogh , Shamim Arshiya , Ansari Vaseem Ahamad , Ahmad Afroz , Kashyap Monu Kumar
Published: June 2022

Ovarian cancer is characterized by the establishment of tolerance, the recurrence
of disease, as well as a poor prognosis. Gene signatures in ovarian cancer cells
enable cancer medicine research, therapy, prevention, & management
problematic. Notwithstanding advances in tumor puncture surgery, novel
combinations regimens, and abdominal radiation, which can provide outstanding
reaction times, the bulk of gynecological tumor patients suffer from side
effects & relapse. As a consequence, more therapy alternatives for
individuals with ovarian cancer must always be studied to minimize side effects
and improve progression-free and total response rates. The development of cancer
medications is presently undergoing a renaissance in the quest for descriptive
and prognostic ovarian cancer biomarkers. Nevertheless, abnormalities in the
BRCA2 or BRCA1 genes, a variety of hereditary predispositions, unexplained onset
and progression, molecular tumor diversity, and illness staging can all
compromise the responsiveness and accuracy of such indicators. As a result,
current ovarian cancer treatments must be supplemented with broad-spectrum
& customized targeted therapeutic approaches. The objective of this
review is to highlight recent contributions to the knowledge of the
interrelations between selected ovarian tumor markers, various perception signs,
and biochemical and molecular signaling processes, as well as one’s
interpretation of much more targeted and effective treatment interventions.
Predictive Factors for Postoperative Opioid Use in Elective Skull Base Craniotomies
Authors: Potter Tamia , Soni Pranay , Krywyj Maria , Obiri-Yeboah Derrick , Oyem Precious , Momin Arbaz , Easley Kathryn , Recinos Pablo F. , Kshettry Varun R.
Published: June 2022

Objective In 2017, the United States officially declared opioid overuse a public health emergency. Due to a paucity of published benchmark data in skull base neurosurgery, we quantified postoperative opioid use in patients undergoing skull base craniotomies and identified factors that influence postoperative opioid use.

Setting Tertiary academic medical center.

Participants Patients who underwent elective craniotomies by two skull base neurosurgeons between January 2015 and May 2020.

Main Outcome Measures Demographic and perioperative data were retrospectively extracted from the electronic medical record. Surgical approaches were categorized as having either “significant” or “minimal” muscle dissection. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of postoperative opioid use at 24, 48, and 72 hours.

Results We included 300 craniotomies, 206 were supratentorial and 94 were infratentorial. This included 195 women and 105 men, with a mean age of 54.9 years. In multivariable analysis, a history of anxiety or depression, preoperative opioid use, and a history of migraines independently predicted a significantly greater opioid use at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Increased age and minimal muscle dissection independently predicted lower opioid consumption. Sex, infratentorial versus supratentorial approach, length of surgery, and postoperative steroid use did not impact total opioid use.

Conclusion Younger age, history of anxiety or depression, preoperative opioid consumption, preexisting history of migraines, and significant intraoperative muscle dissection were associated with higher postoperative opioid consumption. These risk factors provide insight on potential targets for minimizing postoperative opioids in craniotomies.
Survey on Primary and Young Permanent Tooth Pulp Therapy as Practiced by Pediatric Dentists in Karnataka
Authors: Lakhotia Richa , Urs Pallavi , Jenny Anisha , Raghunath Vatsala N. , Nagar Priya , Ninawe Nupur
Published: June 2022

Introduction Maintaining the function of primary teeth until their natural exfoliation is important. Pulp therapy can save the tooth and is always a calculated risk. This study aims to enquire about the current knowledge, attitude, and practice of various pulp therapy options and awareness about it among pediatric dentists of Karnataka.

Method A questionnaire, consisting 21 questions formulated on various pulp therapy techniques, was formulated and forwarded to pediatric dentists through electronic media. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate software.

Results The results showed 81.2% of participants preferred calcium hydroxide for an indirect pulp-capping base, while only 37.6% preferred calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping. For pulpectomy, 70.4% preferred iodoform for obturating material. And the most preferred material for apexification and apexogenesis was Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), that is, 61.4 and 52.3%, respectively.

Conclusion The introduction of newer materials for pulp therapy has increased the quality of treatment. Many differences of opinion still exist in the areas of pulp therapy techniques and procedure selection criteria.
Histological Examination of Lemongrass Resorbable Dressing on Gingival Healing after Gingivectomy in Rats
Authors: Amaliya Amaliya , Budhirahardjo Indri , Hendiani Ina
Published: June 2022

Objectives The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of lemongrass extract incorporated in a resorbable periodontal dressing on gingival wound healing microscopically, following gingivectomy in rats.

Materials and Methods Thirty healthy adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were used in this study. Gingivectomy was performed on anterior area of lower jaw in the labial surface of central incisive and, subsequently, wound areas were covered with povidone iodine gel (group P, positive control, n = 10), lemongrass resorbable dressing (group L, n = 10), and a cellulose-based dressing containing myrrh (group M, positive control, n = 10). Histological changes were monitored in days 4, 7, and 14 postsurgery to evaluate fibroblast and collagen deposition as repair stage of healing process.

Statistycal Analysis One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc for multiple comparisons were employed to measure differences between pairs of means, p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results We observed significant difference repair parameters of the healing process between surgical sites treated with lemongrass periodontal dressing and control groups. Wounds treated with lemongrass dressing had greater fibroblast compared with control groups in 4 and 7 days after surgery (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion The results suggest positive potential therapeutic effects for this new formulation of periodontal dressing on acceleration of surgical wound healing that lead to improvement of periodontal treatment consequences following gingivectomy.
The Clinical Relevance of the Thalamogeniculate Arteries in Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery for Giant Pituitary Adenomas in the Interpeduncular Fossa
Authors: Pilonieta Martin , Pérez Paula , Prevedello Daniel M.
Published: June 2022

Bilateral thalamic stroke is usually due to compromised artery of Percheron, an anatomical variation of the vascular supply of the thalamus. The stroke in this area is very uncommon, and is mainly due to top of the basilar syndrome. Other causes are extremely rare. We describe the case of a patient with a pituitary adenoma who underwent surgery and later presented with a bilateral thalamic infarct, suggesting compromise of the artery of Percheron. This would be the third case published in the literature about this complication. We present a literature review about the vascular supply of the thalamus, the artery of Percheron, and its involvement in pituitary surgery.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) with COVID-19: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Kole Mehmet Tolga , Yükselmiş Ufuk , Genç Fatih Alparslan , Çağ Yakup , Esen Feyza Hüsrevoğlu , Pişmişoğlu Kemal , Karaaslan Ayşe , Çetin Ceren , Akin Yasemin
Published: June 2022

Objective Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome associated with multiorgan damage that occurs following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Research on clinical and laboratory findings, and imaging studies, aiming to predict the progression to severe disease state is limited. This study recruited patients with MIS-C who presented with mild or severe symptoms from a single center in Turkey and evaluated factors related to their symptoms.

Methods This retrospective study included 25 pediatric patients with mild and severe presentations of MIS-C. We explored the differences in demographic and clinical data on clinical severity to understand their possible diagnostic and prognostic values.

Results Patients with MIS-C had cardiovascular symptoms (68%), gastrointestinal symptoms (64%), dermatologic/mucocutaneous findings (64%), lung involvement (36%), and neurological symptoms (16.0%). About 45.1% of patients with MIS-C had manifestations that overlapped with Kawasaki disease. Eleven patients (44%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, and one (4%) patient died. Grouping based on clinical severity did not differ statistically in terms of gender, age, height, weight, body mass index, and duration of hospital stay. Procalcitonin and ferritin levels correlated with disease severity. The receiver operating characteristic curve for D-dimer gave the highest value of area under the curve, among other biomarkers. The cutoff value for D-dimer was determined as more than 6780.

Conclusions Although COVID-19 is usually mild in children, some can be severely affected, and clinical severity in MIS-C can differ from mild to severe multisystem involvement. This study shows that procalcitonin, ferritin, and D-dimer levels may give us information about disease severity.
A kinetic model for the equilibrium dynamics of absorption and scattering processes in four-wave mixing spectroscopy
Authors: Paz Jose Luis , Loroño Marcos , Torres F. Javier , González-Paz Lenin A. , Marquez Edgar , Mora José R. , Alvarado Ysaias J. , Mujica Vladimiro
Published: June 2022

We construct a kinetic model, analogous to a simple chemical reaction, to describe the spatial propagation of the electromagnetic fields in four-wave mixing spectroscopy in a two-level molecular model, explicitly taking into account the stochastic effects of the solvent. We show that in this case, the nonlinear optics processes (absorption and scattering) along the optical path can be described using an analogy with the kinetic processes that occur in a chemical reaction. A key result is that it is possible to define an apparent equilibrium constant that regulates the competition of the photonic processes that take place, an idea conceptually similar to Einstein’s model for spontaneous emission and how it can be connected to induced emission in atoms and molecules but including an extension to nonlinear optical and relaxation processes. Our model can be generalized to describe a variety of phenomena in nano-photonics and plasmonic systems.
Regulation of electronic and optical properties of monolayer black phosphorus by co-doping B and Si
Authors: Qiao Rong , Dong Xiao , Li Yangfan
Published: June 2022

The electronic and optical properties of B or Si single-doped phosphorene and ones of B and Si co-doped phosphorene are computed and compared by first-principles calculations. By B doping, the bandgap of phosphorene decreases from 0.92 to 0.65 eV, while Si doping directly changes the system from a direct bandgap semiconductor to metal. Compared with pristine phosphorene, the optical absorption of Si-doped phosphorene is red shifted. The optical absorption of black phosphorus can be regulated by changing the distance and position between B and Si. Therefore, bandgap engineering can be used to directly tune the optical absorption of the phosphorene system by the co-doping of B and Si.
Molecular beam epitaxy of antiperovskite oxides
Authors: Nakamura H. , Huang D. , Takagi H.
Published: June 2022

Antiperovskites, or inverse perovskites, have recently emerged as a material class with a plethora of promising electronic properties. This Perspective describes the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of oxide antiperovskites Sr3PbO and Sr3SnO. We show that MBE offers great potential in regard to not only growing antiperovskites with high structural quality but also providing a means for seamless integration with advanced characterization techniques, including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and scanning tunneling microscopy, to facilitate the analyses of their intrinsic properties. The initial results point toward the feasibility of atomically controlled antiperovskite growth, which can open doors to study topological and correlated electronic states in an electronic environment quite distinct from what is available in conventional complex oxides.
Scope and activities of Māori health provider nurses: an audit of nurse–client encounters
Authors: Eggleton Kyle , Brough Ashleigh , Suhren Evelyn , McCaskill Jackie
Published: June 2022

Introduction The activities and consultations undertaken by Māori health provider nurses are likely broad and operate within a Māori nursing model of care. However, there is little quantitative evidence to document and describe these encounters with clients. The Omaha coding system provides a mechanism in which to quantify nursing encounters through classifying client problems by domain, interventions and specific targets relating to interventions. Aim The aim of this study was to document the types of encounters and interventions undertaken by Māori health provider nurses. Methods An audit was undertaken of patient encounters occurring within a Māori health provider between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020. Encounters were randomly selected and problems, activities and interventions coded utilising the Omaha coding system. Simple descriptive statistics were used. Results A total of 5897 nurse–client encounters occurred over the study period. Overall, 61% of the audited nurse–client encounters related to the physiological domain and only 6% of encounters were related to the psychosocial domain. And 29% of nursing interventions involved teaching/guiding/counselling and a further 29% of interventions were case management. Discussion The wide variety of conditions seen and the number of interventions carried out indicate the broad scope of Māori health provider nurses. However, there were likely undocumented problems, which could reflect the medicalisation of the electronic health record. Redesigning electronic health records to apply more of a nursing and Māori health provider lens may facilitate more inclusive ways of documentation.
What can Cantonese heritage speakers tell us about age of acquisition, linguistic dominance, and sociophonetic
variation?
Authors: Tse Holman
Published: June 2022

For many individuals, the first acquired language is also the linguistically dominant language, but what are the
implications for sociophonetic variation if the linguistically dominant language is a second acquired childhood language, as
is the case for many heritage speakers? This chapter addresses two correlates of linguistic dominance on the production of
L2-influenced vowels in heritage Cantonese sociolinguistic interview data. Results show that Cantonese Production Score (CPS),
an externally measured proficiency proxy, is consistently a better predictor than Ethnic Orientation (a self-reported identity
metric) in accounting for speakers who are most likely to produce English influenced vowels. While a distinction between child
vs. adult language acquisition remains important, these results highlight linguistic dominance as an interacting factor in
sociophonetic variation.
Linguistic variation and second language Spanish
Authors: Geeslin Kimberly L. , Fafulas Stephen
Published: June 2022

Research on progressive and habitual aspectual marking in Spanish provides a productive test case for second
language variation research. In Spanish, two forms can be used to reference ongoing action at speech time (simple present and
present progressive) while English predominantly makes use of the present progressive (Torres Cacoullos 2000). Nevertheless, the patterns of use and their acquisition are complex. One key difference
for advanced non-natives (as compared to natives) is related to the range of lexical bases (e.g., estar ‘to
be,’ andar ‘to walk,’ venir ‘to come,’ etc.) that form the progressive (Fafulas 2015). Additionally, the alternation between the simple present and the
progressive is conditioned by a host of linguistic factors, such as lexical aspect, the presence of an adverb, clause type,
and animacy, among others (Geeslin & Fafulas 2012). Finally, differences exist
between these same two forms cross-linguistically for habitual aspectual marking such that the simple present is more likely
to occur in English in habitual contexts than in Spanish and this constitutes another context for these variable forms (Fafulas 2012). Thus, the predictions for English-speaking learners are highly
context-dependent.

The present study uses a written contextualized task designed to examine patterns of selection across the
categories of lexical aspect (e.g., activities, statives, etc.) in combination with the influence that the presence or absence
of adverbial phrases may have. We employ a cross-sectional design, collecting data from learners from multiple levels of
enrollment, and compare these to native speakers of Spanish and to native speakers of English (tested in English). Our
analysis provides an account of the patterns attested in English, in Spanish, and across levels of second language Spanish
development.
Variation, identity and language attitudes
Authors: Regan Vera
Published: June 2022

This chapter examines migrants’ use of French L2, analysing the speech of ten L1 Polish speakers, thirty to sixty
years, in a naturalistic setting. Using informal conversations, this study focuses on L1 variation patterns; specifically
ne deletion, a sensitive and powerful indicator of social issues, using Rbrul. The data permit comparison
of use of the same sociolinguistic variable by L2 speakers from two different L1 typological groups: Polish and English. The
analysis showed the migrants broadly adopt L1 speech patterns, constraint ordering, and frequently even rates (as had the more
formal L1 English learners) with universalistic implications for sociolinguistic variation acquisition. However, two couples
are ‘outliers.’ Qualitative analysis indicates that differences in the speech of these two couples relate to language
attitudes and ideology and suggests language ideology plays an important role in L2 acquisition and use. Complementary
quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal aspects of L2 acquisition, which, separately, might not have been captured.
Sociostylistic variation in L2 French
Authors: Kennedy Terry Kristen
Published: June 2022

Using a mixed-effects model and sociolinguistic interviews, this study provides empirical evidence for the
emergence of targetlike patterns of phonological variation in L2 French learners during study abroad. Specifically, this study
examines the acquisition of a phonological variable demonstrating sociostylistic variation in L1 speech: variable schwa
deletion in clitics (/ə/ realized as [œ] or null, as in tu me dis [ty mœ di] ~ [tym di] ‘you
tell me’). Results demonstrate that variation patterns of L2 French learners are conditioned by the phonological context of
the clitic and that acquisition of variation follows a predictable order based on clitic type. Results also demonstrate that
time spent abroad and social networks with native speakers are significant predictors of L2 variation patterns.
A long‐duration race induces a decrease of left ventricular strains, twisting mechanics and myocardial work in trained adolescents
Authors: Birat Anthony , Ratel Sébastien , Dodu Alexandre , Grossoeuvre Claire , Dupont Anne‐Charlotte , Rance Mélanie , Morel Claire , Nottin Stéphane
Published: June 2022

We investigated the acute cardiac consequences of a long‐duration (>5 h) adventure race in adolescent athletes from evaluations of left ventricular (LV) strains and myocardial work. Twenty trained male adolescents (i.e. 8 ± 4 h·week−1 of endurance sports) aged 14–17 years participated in a competitive long‐duration adventure race. Blood samples were collected before, immediately and 24 h after the race to determine the time course of troponin I (cTnI) considered a myocardial damage biomarker. Resting echocardiography was conducted before and after the race to assess myocardial regional strains, LV twisting mechanics and myocardial work using speckle tracking echocardiography. The mean completion time of the race was 05:38 ± 00:20 h, with a mean heart rate (HR) of 83 ± 5% of maximal HR. cTnI concentration significantly increased in 16/20 participants after the race (pre: 0.001 ± 0.002 vs. post: 0.244 ± 0.203 ng·dL−1, p < .001) and returned to baseline within 24 h. Stroke volume, ejection fraction and global longitudinal strains remained unchanged after the race, while LV twist and global myocardial work significantly decreased (8.6 ± 3.3 vs. 6.3 ± 3.3 deg and 2080 ± 250 vs. 1781 ± 334 mmHg%, p < .05). Diastolic function, indexes of myocardial relaxation and LV untwisting rate (−91.0 ± 19.0 vs. −56.4 ± 29.1 deg·s−1, p < .001) were affected after the race. We demonstrated that in trained adolescents, a high‐intensity endurance exercise of several hours induced an increase of the cTnI concentration associated with an alteration of myocardial function.
Facile photochemical reduction synthesis of bimetallic Au and Pd nanoparticles on ZnO nanorods for improved photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Syampurwadi Anung , Primadona Indah , Fauzia Vivi
Published: June 2022

Using a nanocomposite of ZnO with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising way to suppress the rate of recombination between electrons and holes, as this limits the photocatalytic performance of ZnO. Bimetallic NPs offer new properties that are different from their constituent monometallic NPs and are easily deposited on the ZnO surface through various methods. In this work, bimetallic Au and Pd NPs nanoclusters were deposited on ZnO nanorods (NR) growing on a glass substrate by a facile photochemical reduction method using a solar simulator (100 mW cm−2) at room temperature. The highest photocatalytic performance under ultraviolet light was achieved using ZnO/Pd and ZnO/AuPd photocatalysts, due to the localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of Pd NPs and its role in reducing the recombination center and adsorption of oxygen molecules. Under simulated solar light, the performance of ZnO/Au and ZnO/PdAu was equivalent to that of ZnO/Pd and ZnO/AuPd nanocomposites due to the addition of the LSPR effect of Au NPs that worked effectively in the visible light region.
Trends and innovations in photovoltaic operations and maintenance
Authors: Oviedo Hernandez G , Godinho Ariolli D M , Enriquez Paez P S , Chiantore P V
Published: June 2022

This review work presents an overview of the innovations shaping today’s photovoltaic (PV) operations and maintenance sector by summarising literature and current research. After a brief introduction to the market dynamics and state-of-the-art best practices, relevant insights are provided into emerging fields and key research directions are identified, such as the adaptation and application of the building information modelling concept and digital twins, which are topics already proven to help other industries to render processes more efficient, reduce costs and risks throughout the entire lifecycle of a project. Moreover, it explores new approaches on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition architectures for remote monitoring of PV assets, highlighting the promising role of 5G wireless technologies such as Narrow Band Internet of things. Finally, concerned about the growing amount of PV waste due to the exponential growth of installed capacity on a global scale, this article covers relevant Circular Economy approaches being adapted to PV, pointing out the most significant research and development efforts that are pushing towards a more sustainable, environmentally friendly and economically viable end of life management for modules and balance of system.