bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COASTLINE ZONE EXTRACTION USING LANDSAT-8 OLI IMAGERY, CASE STUDY: BODRUM PENINSULA, TURKEY
Authors: Isiacik Colak T. , Senel G. , Goksel C.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Coastline extraction is a fundamental work for coastal resource management and coastal environmental protection. Today, by using digital image processing techniques, coastline extraction can be done with remote sensing imagery systems. In this study, Landsat 8 Operational Land Imagery (OLI) data have been the main data source due to free access and sufficient spatial resolution for coast line extraction. This research is focused on determining the coastline length and measuring land area by using Landsat 8 OLI satellite image for Bodrum Peninsula, Turkey. Three commonly used methods have been applied in order to determine sea-land boundary line and its length, and area of the study area. The Automatic Water Extraction Index (AWEI), Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technique (ISODATA) unsupervised classification technique and on screen digitizing method was chosen for identification of coastal boundaries. Results of coastline length and land areas of Bodrum by using AWEI, ISODATA and on-screen digitizing are compared with each other. This study shows that with using optimal threshold value, AWEI can be used for coast line extraction method with coherently for Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery. The overall results show that coastline extraction from satellite imagery can be done with sufficient accuracy using spectral water indices instead of time consuming on-screen digitizing.
GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES USE FOR ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITY TO URBAN FLOODING IN BUJUMBURA CITY, BURUNDI
Authors: Niyongabire E. , Rhinane H.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The rate of urbanization growth in tropical areas, particularly in African cities, coupled with a gap in the knowledge of vulnerability and coping capacities increases the flood-related risk in diverse communities. This study aims to evaluate the factors of vulnerability to flooding and to develop a vulnerability index in Bujumbura city, Burundi. To this end, both physical and socio-economic parameters accountable for flood vulnerability have been integrated with a geospatial analysis process based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) methods. The resulting vulnerability index shows that low-income households and their local infrastructures are the most vulnerable to flooding. Another finding reveals that higher vulnerability is due to settlements located in flood-prone areas with unplanned land use and ill-structured development planning.
USING GIS AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR ASSESSING SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POTENTIAL ON FLAT ROOFS IN URBAN AREA CASE OF THE CITY OF BEN GUERIR / MOROCCO
Authors: Saadaoui H. , Ghennioui A. , Ikken B. , Rhinane H. , Maanan M.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Renewable energy sources are at the forefront of political discussions around the world because of the scarcity of fossil fuels and climate change caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases. By 2030, Morocco will cover 52% of these energy needs through renewable energies, in order to preserve the environment (COP 22). This paper aims to estimate the potential of photovoltaic solar energy from flat roofs in the city of Ben Guerir, Morocco using remote sensing and GIS data. To achieve this goal, vector orthophoto resulting from the photogrammetric restitution acquired in 2015 were used to generate a 3D model (DSM). The annual solar irradiation is calculated by the analyser of the solar tool. Each roof is calculated based on algorithms for the most common solar panel technologies (mono-si and poly-si). The applicability of this methodology has been demonstrated in the urban area of Benguerir, Morocco, and can be widespread in any other region of the world. The results obtained for a total roofing surface of 135 Ha, i.e. more than 345 Gwh of electricity annually generate. For an average roof of 60 m2 that could supply 5 to 6 households; A planned investment between 118,218 and 167,296 DH, and an annual maintenance charge of 2%. This study may be an initial assessment of solar potential in the city, which can be used to support the management decision regarding investment in the urban solar system.
LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF OUDKA, NORTHERN MOROCCO: A COMPARISON BETWEEN LOGISTIC REGRESSION AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS MODELS
Authors: Benchelha S. , Chennaoui Aoudjehane H. , Hakdaoui M. , El Hamdouni R. , Mansouri H. , Benchelha T. , Layelmam M. , Alaoui M.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The Rif is among the areas of Morocco most susceptible to landslides, because of the existence of relatively young reliefs marked by a very important dynamics compared to other regions. These landslides are one of the most serious problems on many levels: social, economic and environmental. The increase in the frequency and impact of landslides over the past decade has demonstrated the need for an in-depth study of these phenomena, allowing the identification of areas susceptible to landslides. The main objective of this study is to identify the optimal method for the mapping of the area susceptible to landslides in municipality of Oudka. This area has been marked by the largest landslide in the region, caused by heavy rainfall in 2013. Two Statistical Methods i) Regression Logistics (LR) ii) Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), were used to create a landslide susceptibility map. The realization of this susceptibility map required, first, the mapping of old landslides by the aerial photography, the data of the geological map and by the data obtained using field surveys using GPS. A total of 105 landslides were mapped from these various sources. 50% of this database was used for model building and 50% for validation. Eight independent landslide factors are exploited to detect the most sensitive areas: altitude, slope, aspect, distance of faults, distance streams, distance from roads, lithology and vegetation index (NDVI). The results of the landslide susceptibility analysis were verified using success and prediction rates. The success rate (AUC = 0.918) and the prediction rate (AUC = 0.901) of the LR model is higher than that of the ANN model (success rate (AUC = 0.886) and prediction rate (AUC = 0.877). These results indicate that the Regression Logistic (LR) model is the best model for determining landslide susceptibility in the study area.
IOT ENABLED INDOOR NAVIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN FOR EMERGENCIES
Authors: Duru A. , Karas I. R.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Global Navigation Satellite System is widely accepted and it has good positioning accuracy for outdoor applications. However, it does not provide sufficient positioning accuracy for inside of buildings. Signals are attenuated inside of buildings or dense high building areas because various materials between satellites and receiver create interference to the signal propagation. Thus, indoor positioning technologies have emerged to cover the problem. In this paper, indoor positioning technologies have been investigated and UWB based indoor positioning technology has been chosen between them. In addition to indoor positioning, accelerometer and Wi-Fi connection has been added to the system for mobility. The accelerometer detects emergency cases and alerts relatives of an intended person by using web service. Hereby, remote navigation system design is presented for first aid of the user. The system can detect emergencies, especially falls using the accelerometer and it can locate patients anywhere in the world. The designed system showed that it is possible to detect emergencies and transfer to the web with a 24.17 cm average positioning error. Also, it is an assuring system for future remote positioning applications.
MAPPING OF BLUE CARBON ECOSYSTEMS: EFFECT OF PROXIMITY, ACTIVITY TYPES AND FREQUENCY OF VISITS IN THE ACCURACY OF PARTICIPATORY MAPS
Authors: Francisco R. R. T. , Blanco A. C. , Manalili M. A. G. , Gatdula N. B. , Songcuan A. J. G. , Landicho K. P. C. , Reyes R. B. , Apura R. J. A.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Interest in blue carbon has drastically increased in recent years, particularly in improving the coastal resource carbon storage estimates and the development of methodology for identifying and monitoring such resources. In coastal resource mapping, participatory mapping techniques have the potential to provide a level of granularity and detail by taking advantage of local knowledge. In this work, we aim to evaluate the agreement between blue carbon ecosystem status obtained from participatory mapping versus the ones discriminated from satellite images, as well as assess how “relative proximity” to landmarks affects the accuracy. Results showed that the accuracy of mapped mangrove extents, evaluated as intersection-over-union, is positively correlated with frequency of visits. It is also found that maps generated by participants who have jobs or activities that nurture awareness about mangroves and seagrasses tend to agree better with remotely-sensed maps. The participants were even able to identify small patches of mangroves and seagrasses that are not present in the classified satellite images. While our initial work explores factors that impact the consistency between these sources, there is a need to establish a baseline for which both sources of information are evaluated against; and define relevant accuracy metrics. Our final goal is to systematically combine these two sources of information for an accurate holistic coastal resource map.
Update of the tsunami catalogue of New Caledonia using a
decision table based on seismic data and maregraphic records
Authors: Roger Jean , Pelletier Bernard , Aucan Jérôme
Published: February 2019

Abstract. 14 years ago, the December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami brought to the entire World the destruction capability of tsunamis. Since then, many research programs have been initiated to try to better understand the phenomenon and its related hazards, and to improve the early warning systems for the exposed coastal populations. Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs) are especially vulnerable to tsunamis. Amongst them, New Caledonia is a French overseas territory located in the South-western Pacific and exposed to several tsunamis sources. In 2010, a catalogue of tsunamis that were visually observed or measured in New Caledonia was published. Since this first study, several events occurred between 2009 and 2019 and an update of this catalogue was necessary within the framework of a tsunami hazard assessment project (TSUCAL). To complete this catalogue, a decision algorithm has been designed to select potential tsunamigenic events within the USGS earthquake database, using criteria on the distance to New Caledonia, the magnitude and the hypocenter depth. Then a cross-comparison between these earthquake events, the NOAA NGDC tsunami catalogue and local tide gauge records provided 25 events that were recorded in New Caledonia for the period from September 30, 2009 to January 10, 2019. These events are added to the 12 events reported with certainty during previous studies, leading to a number of 37 tsunamis triggered by earthquakes reported in New Caledonia since 1875. Six of them have been identified only thanks to local tide gauges, supporting the fact that instrumental recording of tsunamis is paramount for tsunami hazard studies, from early warning to the validation of coastal models. In addition, previously unpublished data is provided for other already reported tsunamis as well as tsunamis with unspecified date and source.
Right-for-any-reason: Clarifying Pennsylvania’s Scope-Broadening Doctrine
Authors: Cullen Kelly B.
Published: February 2019

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Nostalgia y melodrama en el cine de José Luis Garci: sus películas de la época socialista (1982-1996)
Authors: Durán Manso Valeriano
Published: February 2019

José Luis Garci es uno de los cineastas más personales de la Transición Española y de la etapa socialista (1982-1996). Marcado por el cine clásico de Hollywood, su filmografía está construida sobre un género tan arraigado como el melodrama –aunque también destaca el cine negro-, de manera que la nostalgia derivada de la pérdida producida por el paso del tiempo determina a sus personajes. Con los objetivos de poner en valor la obra del cineasta y reflexionar sobre la construcción del melodrama en sus películas, se estudian Volver a empezar (1982), Sesión continua (1984), Asignatura aprobada (1987) y Canción de cuna (1994), así como El Crack Dos (1983), que combina cine negro con rasgos melodramáticos. Desde estas consideraciones, se pretende destacar la producción cinematográfica que Garci realizó en estos años, y que, además, marca la transición con  su obra posterior, más clásica, literaria y vinculada al pasado reciente.
Narrativas filmoliterarias en "Fresa y chocolate". Un caso de estudio en la coproducción durante el período especial cubano
Authors: García-Reyes David
Published: February 2019

"Fresa y chocolate" (1993) se convirtió en un fenómeno en el contexto transnacional del cine por su distribución mundial y la representación de algunas realidades cubanas silenciadas y perseguidas. El cuento y el guión de Senel Paz, con la dirección de Tomás Gutiérrez Alea y Juan Carlos Tabío, sirven para diseccionar la vida de los habitantes de la isla. El estudio aborda el proceso creativo del film y muestra diversas lecturas sobre la sociedad, la cultura y la vida privada en Cuba.
Same Principles but Different Outcomes of SAARC and ASEAN: Searching Gap
Authors: Karim Mohammad Razaul
Published: February 2019

This article shows that two regional organizations- the Association of South East Asian Nations and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation were established for regional cooperation and integration. Though both regional organizations’ principles, objectives have similarity but unfortunately, SAARC became an ineffective organization by failing to achieve its goal. Intra-regional trade of SAARC is significantly worse than other regions in the globe. This article tries to find out the reason behind the ineffectiveness of SAARC and concludes that India-Pakistan rivalry, India’s role with smaller countries and mutual mistrust among the nations of South Asia are the main causes that made SAARC an ineffective organization. On the contrary, ASEAN nations have practiced informal diplomacy to mitigate their bilateral disputes, decision making process- the ASEAN way, Indonesia’s positive role made ASEAN a successful organization. The article has also shown a comparative analysis between SAARC and ASEAN for identifying some good examples which SAARC countries could follow.
A Cases Relationship Between Internal Locus Control and Vocational Maturity Among Students in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: . Nafeesa , Novita Eryanti , Siregar Erlina Sari
Published: February 2019

Nowadays, education is an unseperatble part of indivudials’ career succesfull. Vocational schools play an important role to increasing the chance to individuals get a future bright of their career life. The paper shows an effort to explain the relationship between internal locus of control with vocational maturity among vocational students in Medan, Indonesia. A total of 115 respondents were selected from 460 of total population in a public vocational school. Data were collected through a survey among the participants manually and the research employs the Pearson Correlation to analyze the data and test the hypothesis. Result pointed out that correlation coefficient rxy = 0,562 with p value = 0.000 (p <0,050). In summary, the internal locus of control as the independent variable has a relationship with the vocational maturity.
n. 5 - PESQUISAS EM POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS: QUESTÕES EPISTEMOLÓGICAS E DESAFIOS À CONSOLIDAÇÃO DA ÁREA DA EDUCAÇÃO (2000-2010)
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Silva Antonia Almeida
Published: February 2019

Este estudo analisa a produção acadêmica de 20 programas de pós-graduação em educação no Brasil, notadamente teses e dissertações relacionadas ao estudo de políticas educacionais, defendidas no período 2000-2010. Procuramos apreender se e em que medida essa produção indica movimentos de superação de lacunas apontadas em alguns estudos como fatores que fragilizam a consolidação da área de educação enquanto campo de conhecimento, nomeadamente quanto aos aspectos epistemológicos e sua articulação com os métodos de pesquisa adotados. Os trabalhos analisados anunciaram preocupações tangenciais com as questões de epistemologia, método e teoria na área educacional, mas sem, necessariamente, assumirem a constituição do campo como uma preocupação de fundo.
OS REFLEXOS DA FALTA DE ESTRUTURAS FORMAIS NA CIÊNCIA DA RELIGIÃO APLICADA DO BRASIL
Authors: Stern Fábio L.
Published: February 2019

Esse artigo discute a falta de estruturas formais na ciência da religião brasileira e as consequências disso no desenvolvimento de uma ciência da religião aplicada no país. É demonstrado que embora existam estruturas na ciência da religião do Brasil, elas são informais. Após apresentar algumas consequências disso no contexto brasileiro, o texto finaliza com propostas de desenvolvimento mínimo de estruturas formais para a disciplina, pautando-se em dois pilares inalienáveis pela prática dos cientistas da religião: o agnosticismo metodológico e a adoção do discurso ético.
Health and social care leaders’ self-rated competence and learning needs in small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari Helena , Paavola Kirsi , Paussu Paula
Published: February 2019

Objective: The study is a descriptive survey based on quantitative and qualitative data. Its purpose is to describe leaders’ self-assessed competence and learning needs in small and medium-sized health and social care enterprises as part of a larger research and development project in Finland. The information produced will be used in planning a simulation-based coaching intervention. The project partners are a health technology enterprise and two educational institutions.Methods: Data were collected in late 2017 from 23 leaders of 20 enterprises using an internet-based questionnaire. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows and the qualitative data using inductive content analysis.Results: The leaders felt confident about their ability to organize day-to-day activities, but reported learning needs related to interaction and entrepreneurship. Training was required in supporting staff in challenging situations, in understanding group dynamics and in developing dialogic interaction and emotional intelligence. The leaders were interested in learning how to market their services and improve the competitiveness of their enterprise with help of digitalization and networking, and how to prepare for the reform of health and social services. Most leaders were involved in practical care work and reported a need to update their clinical skills.Conclusions: Increasing self-management contents and fostering an entrepreneurial attitude in nursing and social work curricula may provide one answer to the learning needs reported in this study. Simulation-based education can provide an effective learning environment for both students and professionals in health and social services.
Lexical Bundles in Contract Law Texts: A Corpus-Based Exploration and Implications for Legal Education
Authors: Alasmary Abdullah
Published: February 2019

This paper reports on a study which explores lexical bundles in Contract Law, a key subdivision of the legal discourse. Based on a corpus of full-length texts, a total of 117 patterns are retrieved, refined and further subjected to structural as well as functional analyses. The results show that text authors make use of a wide range of lexical bundles, most of which are structurally phrasal and functionally research-oriented. Text-structuring sequences and participant-oriented bundles appear in the corpus, but are comparably far less employed. Also, the analysis of data established the domain-specific nature of patterns which revolve around the concept of contract. This paper concludes by discussing these findings and their implications for language learning, teaching and the ESP/EAP pedagogy.
Effects of the STOP and LIST Strategy on the Writing Performance of Struggling Fourth Graders
Authors: Grunke Matthias , Nobel Kerstin , Bracht Janine
Published: February 2019

This study tested the effectiveness of a writing planning strategy (STOP & LIST) with four struggling students from fourth grade. A multiple-baseline design (AB) was used with baselines consisting of between five and seven daily probes. The duration of the intervention was between five and seven 25-minute sessions. A randomization procedure was implemented within the constraint that the baseline had to comprise at least five measurements and the treatment had to comprise at least three. The data were analyzed using visual inspection, different effect sizes, randomization tests, and piecewise regression analyses. Results revealed distinct improvements in both the length and quality of stories that the participants produced from baseline to the end of the training. This indicates that the ability of young struggling writers to plan narratives can be fostered considerably through rather simple means. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Comparison of Physical and Physiological Performance Features of Parkour and Gymnastics Athletes
Authors: Seyhan Sinan
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the physical and physiological features of the traceurs with the gymnastics athletes. The study was carried out with twelve volunteer participants (traceurs=6, gymnastics athletes=6). The mean age of the traceurs was 18.67±1.03 years, 172.67±3.78 cm, body mass 62.5±8.94 kg and BMI was 20.98±2.97; gymnastics athletes was 19.33±1.21 years, 175.83±6.18 cm, body mass 65.17±8.06 kg and BMI was 21.11±2.67. Maximal oxygen utilization levels of traceurs and rhythmic gymnastics athletes were 56.13±3.95 ml/kg/min and 57.18±5.33 ml/kg/min respectively, their Illinois test times were 15.22±.42 sec and 15.33±.22 sec respectively, their vertical jump distances were 47.41±6.05 cm and 46.48±3.37 cm respectively, their vertical jump power values were 7252.7±1142.73 W and 7026.55±427.62 W respectively, their horizontal jump distances were 2.53±.61 m and 2.48±.12 m respectively, and finally, their hamstring flexion angles were determined by using goniometer as the measurement of hamstring flexibility (traceurs = 106.67±4.27o; gymnastics athletes = 121.33±5.36o *), and there was a significant difference between the angles hamstring flexibility of the two groups (*p<0.05). According to the results obtained from the study, it was seen that physical and physiological values obtained from two groups of athletes were very close to each other and no significant difference was observed between these two groups. This similarity can be explained by the fact that the training of these two branches does not differ as structural features. In conclusion, the learning of important performance determinants in athletes, such as aerobic power, flexibility, agility and explosive power, by the coaches and their education in this subject may enable the preparation of a better training program.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Plant Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1
Authors: Lee Joan
Published: February 2019

Journal of Plant Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.

Journal of Plant Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jps/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to jps@ccsenet.org.

Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 1

Adriana F. Sestras, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Romania

Alessandra Lanubile, Agriculture Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy

Bingcheng Xu, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, China

Chang-Jun Liu, Brookhaven National Laboratory, United States of America

Chrystian Iezid Maia e Almeida Feres, Tocantins Federal University, Brazil

Deborah Yara Alves Cursino Santos, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Denis Charlebois, Horticultural Research & Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-food Canada, Canada

Homa Mahmoodzadeh, Islamic Azad University, Iran

Milana Trifunovic-Momcilov, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, Serbia

Rosana Noemi Malpassi, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Argentina

Slawomir Borek, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland

Vatsavaya Satyanarayana Raju, Kakatiya University Warangal, India

Vijayasankar Raman, University of Mississippi, United States
The Effect of Applying Hedge Accounting in Reducing Future Financial Risks in Jordanian Commercial Banks
Authors: Almubaideen Haitham I. M , Joudeh Abdul Hakim Mustafa , Alsakeni Saad A. , Al-Attar Kayed Abd allah
Published: February 2019

The Effect of Applying Hedge Accounting in Reducing Future Financial Risks in Jordanian Commercial Banks

The study aimed to identify the effect of applying hedge accounting on reducing the future financial risks of the Jordanian commercial banks by using financial ratios to find a practical method of calculating the hedge with its three categories and to address the future financial risks of commercial banks in Jordan.

The researchers used both the descriptive and analytical methods based on the financial statements and reports of the Jordanian commercial banks for the period (2012-2017), in addition of using financial indicators. The study community included the published financial statements of the Jordanian commercial banks before applying hedge accounting and after in accordance with the amendments to IFRS Standard No. 9, as well as the banks listed in the Amman Exchange Market for the period of study. The sample of the study included all Jordanian commercial banks that disclosed the application of hedge accounting in their annual financial statements.

The study concluded that there is a strong correlation between cash flow hedges and reducing the financial risks of Jordanian commercial banks after the application of hedge accounting for the period (2012-2017), and that there is a strong correlation between fair value hedges and reducing the financial risks.

The fair value hedges have an explanatory capacity to reduce the financial risk by 27.4%. This has been derived from the R2 value. There is a weak correlation between the net investments in foreign currencies and the financial risks. The study recommended the importance of maintaining the use of hedge accounting to achieve fairness and honest representation in the final financial statements to the benefit of internal and external users.
Formação inicial de professores: da escola normal ao instituto superior de educação - uma abordagem histórica, de Lucilene Pisaneschi
Authors: Santos Raquel Silva
Published: February 2019

Resenha.
Thauma e pensar bem na educação infantil
Authors: Lorieri Marcos Antônio , De Oliveira Eduardo Gasperoni
Published: February 2019

O texto é decorrência de pesquisa cujo tema foi: Filosofia e Educação para Pensar Bem na Educação Infantil, que teve como foco as possíveis contribuições da proposta do Programa de Filosofia para Crianças-Educação para o Pensar de Matthew Lipman para o estabelecimento de procedimentos pedagógicos que favoreçam a manutenção e o desenvolvimento da natural curiosidade das crianças em torno do conhecer. Na Educação Infantil não há, costumeiramente, preocupação e procedimentos que visem a alimentar essa natural curiosidade manifestada pelas expressões de admiração e de espanto (thauma, como o definiram Platão e Aristóteles) das crianças, curiosidade que é impulsionadora da busca por explicações e entendimentos. A questão central, aqui, é: em que medida práticas reflexivas iniciais a partir das perguntas das crianças, de acordo com o proposto por Lipman, podem contribuir para uma educação para o pensar bem na Educação Infantil? O texto apresenta considerações e proposições a respeito do que se pode fazer na Educação Infantil. A referência teórica principal são as ideias de Lipman, acrescidas das de outros pensadores como Paulo Freire, Karl Jaspers, Hannah Arendt, Darcísio Muraro e John Dewey. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica que utiliza como categorias analíticas: curiosidade infantil (thauma), pensar bem, diálogo e educação para pensar bem.
Análise de políticas educacionais: a abordagem do ciclo de políticas e as contribuições de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Gasparelo Rayane Regina Scheidt , Jeffrey Débora Cristina , Schneckenberg Marisa
Published: February 2019

A investigação sobre políticas públicas, de sua formulação a sua implementação, requer considerar os determinantes históricos, econômicos, políticos, sociais e culturais que permeiam a sociedade. Nessa perspectiva, reconhece-se a dimensão do poder simbólico exercido pelos grupos de pressão que definem os contornos que a política vai assumindo. Diante dessas teorizações introdutórias, objetiva-se neste texto uma reflexão que articula os fundamentos da abordagem do Ciclo de Políticas proposta por Stephen Ball e Richard Bowe e as contribuições conceituais de Pierre Bourdieu, para análise dos processos de formulação e implementação das políticas educacionais. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza teórica que evidencia o movimento dialético entre os contextos de influência, de produção de texto e de prática na instauração de uma política pública, e a pertinência dos conceitos de habitus, campo e poder simbólico para analisar a articulação entre tais contextos. Conclui-se que o processo de traduzir políticas em práticas constitui quase uma peça teatral, para a qual se propõe um roteiro, mas cuja realização ocorre quando os sujeitos a representam. Por esse viés, a abordagem do Ciclo de Políticas aponta para a investigação das políticas públicas em seus processos e desdobramentos macro e micro políticos, e os escritos de Pierre Bourdieu, por sua vez, podem contribuir para o desvelamento das ações, discursos, necessidades (legais e institucionais), crenças e valores discordantes, inconsistentes e contraditórios, relações de poder desiguais (de vários tipos), ausências e constrangimentos materiais e contextuais dos atores que estão envolvidos com as políticas nos níveis global e local.
A interdisciplinaridade nas novas configurações curriculares da educação superior brasileira: o caso dos BI da UFBA
Authors: Sales de Almeida Gabriel Swahili
Published: February 2019

A universidade contemporânea tem se deparado com desafios de ordem social, epistemológica e estrutural que requerem uma profunda reflexão acerca de seu estatuto e função social. No contexto brasileiro, uma série de reformas incompletas agravam ainda mais a chamada crise da universidade. Este artigo busca discutir os sentidos da interdisciplinaridade nos bacharelados interdisciplinares (BI) da Universidade Federal da Bahia a partir de uma pesquisa documental sobre o processo de criação desse formato de cursos. Foram utilizados como fontes a legislação federal, resoluções e pareceres da UFBA e documentos de referência para os BI tais como seus projetos político-pedagógicos, compreendendo o período de 2006 a 2016. A partir da análise, pudemos concluir que a ausência de uma política institucional especificamente voltada à interdisciplinaridade constituiu um fator limitante à afirmação dos BI como uma nova arquitetura acadêmica.
A teoria do agir comunicativo e a formação médica: análise crítica das competências curriculares e da relação médico-paciente
Authors: Menezes Junior Antonio Da Silva , Brzezinski Iria
Published: February 2019

Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho teórico, com base na Teoria do Agir Comunicativo, de Habermas. As categorias analisadas são: linguagem (construção coletiva de identidade), ação comunicativa (razão comunicativa), trabalho, interação e poder (ação instrumental), mundo do sistema e mundo da vida. As políticas de formação desses profissionais (mundo do sistema), oriundas de um modelo desagregado do contexto social e cultural (mundo objetivo) e voltadas ao mercado do trabalho, distanciam-se do mundo subjetivo habermasiano. Destoam, também, da formação omnilateral necessária para a transformação e a inserção social no contexto de uma modernidade tardia. As políticas instituídas reproduzem o modelo neoliberal quando não agregam a possibilidade de inclusão do outro e não estabelecem a possibilidade do diálogo como processo de (re) construção das relações humanas, em especial da relação médico-paciente e do trabalho em equipe multiprofissional.
Position of the expert group on the current practice and prospects for the treatment of complex perirectal fistulas in the course of Crohn's disease
Authors: Banasiewicz Tomasz , Eder Piotr , Rydzewska Grażyna , Reguła Jarosław , Dobrowolska Agnieszka , Durlik Marek , Wallner Grzegorz
Published: February 2019

Perirectal fistulas in the course of Crohn’s disease (ChL-C) constitute an important problem in this group of patients. They are observed in a vast majority of patients with involvement through colorectal inflammation. Perirectal fistulas in ChL-C present a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the intensified clinical symptoms and worse prognosis than in the case of crypt originating fistulas. The condition for implementation of effective treatment of perirectal fistulas in the course of CHL-C is correct diagnosis, defining the anatomy of fistulas, presence of potential stenoses and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment of these fistulas is difficult and requires close cooperation between the colorectal surgeon and the gastroenterologist. The combination of surgical and pharmacological treatment has higher efficacy compared to surgical treatment or pharmacotherapy alone. In conservative treatment, aminosalicylates and steroids are of minor importance, while chemotherapeutics, antibiotics, and thiopurines find application in daily clinical practice. TNF-α neutralizing antibodies such as infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA) or certolizumab (CER) prove to be the most effective. Surgical treatment may be provided as ad hoc; in this case drainage procedures are recommended, usually with leaving a loose seton. Planned procedures consist in the excision of fistulas (simple fistulas) or performing more complex procedures, such as advancement flaps or ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract Surgical measures can be complemented by the use of video technology (video-assisted anal fistula treatment VAAFT) or vacuum therapy. In extreme cases, it may be necessary to exteriorize the stoma. Treatment of perirectal fistulas includes adhesives or so-called plugs. High hopes may be associated with the introduction of stem cells into clinical practice, which is the administration of non-hematopoietic multipotent cells to the fistulas to induce the phenomenon of immunomodulation and tissue healing.
Sleep Physiology and Polysomnogram, Physiopathology and Symptomatology in Sleep Medicine
Authors: Kayabekir Murat
Published: February 2019

Over recent years, the importance of sleep physiology and pathology has been better understood in terms of correct diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and innovative research of diseases. Sleep disorders are often confused with clinical symptoms of adult and pediatric medical conditions. In medicine, electrophysiological signal recording methods are very important for establishing a correct diagnosis especially in neurological sciences. Polysomnography (PSG) is a golden standard diagnostic method that records electrophysiological signals used for sleep physiology and diseases. When the medical disciplines and diseases that make use of this diagnostic method are considered, its significance becomes clearer. For example, medical disciplines benefiting from PSG are as follows: “Clinical Physiology, Neurology, Ear Nose and Throat, Dentistry, Psychiatry, Pulmonology, Cardiology, Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Neurosurgery, Endocrinology, etc.” The patient groups diagnosed with PSG are as follows: “Sleep Disordered Breathing (Central Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome), Obesity, Morbid Obesity, REM Behavior Disorder, Restless Leg Syndrome, Rhythm Disorders, Epileptic Disorders, Insomnia, Insomnia and Headache, Hypersomnia, Narcolepsy, Secondary Hypertension, etc.” Interpretation and understanding electrophysiological signals correctly show us interactions of body systems with sleep physiology and integrated therapeutic approaches to sleep disorders. In conclusion; new approaches to sleep pathophysiology depend on a better understanding and further advancement of polysomnography.
Integer Numbers and Temperature Problems
Authors: Wessman-Enzinger Nicole M.
Published: February 2019

When solving temperature problems with negative integers, number sentences may be mathematically equivalent but not contextually equivalent.
Un regard didactique sur les évaluations du PISA et de la TIMSS : mieux les comprendre pour mieux les exploiter
Authors: Bodin Antoine , Grapin Nadine
Published: February 2019

Deux études internationales évaluant les connaissances des élèves en mathématiques occupent une place importante dans le paysage éducatif mondial : celles du Programme international pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA) et de la Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Si ces études sont accompagnées d’une littérature abondante décrivant leurs cadres, et si de nombreuses recherches en édumétrie, en sociologie ou encore en sciences de l’éducation ont régulièrement été menées, quel regard la didactique des mathématiques peut-elle porter sur ces études ? Après avoir présenté succinctement les cadres de ces deux évaluations, nous exploitons deux approches didactiques distinctes, basées sur l’analyse a priori des tâches pour analyser le contenu de l’évaluation et pour réinterpréter les résultats des élèves. Couplée à une analyse statistique implicative, la première, didactique et cognitive, apporte un regard neuf sur les résultats du PISA et permet de mener des comparaisons entre pays. La seconde approche, située dans le cadre de la théorie anthropologique du didactique, s’intéresse davantage au contenu de la TIMSS et à la répartition des questions au regard d’une organisation mathématique de référence.
Et si la validation était plus qu’une suite de procédures techniques ?
Authors: Loye Nathalie
Published: February 2019

En éducation, de nombreuses études portent sur la validation d’instruments de mesure, tels que des questionnaires ou des instruments d’évaluation. La revue Mesure et évaluation en éducation en publie d’ailleurs chaque année. Ces études peuvent être globalement classées en deux catégories : d’une part, celles dans lesquelles les procédures psychométriques, comme une analyse factorielle ou l’application d’un modèle de la théorie de réponses aux items (p. ex., le modèle de Rasch), constituent en elles-mêmes la démarche de validation ; d’autre part, celles dans lesquelles le recours à un panel d’experts pour concevoir l’instrument semble suffire à garantir sa validité. Cet article tente de montrer qu’il est nécessaire de faire reposer une démarche de validation sur un argumentaire basé sur des preuves de natures quantitative et qualitative, en proposant deux modèles qui, combinés, sont propres à guider la formulation des arguments pour soutenir la validation d’un instrument d’évaluation. L’idée est de contrer le fait que si l’on ne comprend pas ce qu’on essaie de montrer, le risque d’avoir des arguments peu utiles est grand.
La fabrique de la « société civile » entre évitement du politique et politisation : usages d’un dispositif de l’action extérieure européenne en Tunisie
Authors: Ferré Nathalie
Published: February 2019

Les soulèvements de 2011 en Tunisie ont projeté la « société civile » sur le devant de la scène, à la fois comme catégorie d’action publique des bailleurs internationaux et comme catégorie de présentation de soi et d’action pour un ensemble d’acteurs hétéroclites dont des d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et associations. Le soutien à la « société civile » dans une logique partenariale fait partie de la rhétorique et de l’ingénierie politique conventionnelles de l’action extérieure de l’Union européenne (UE). Celui-ci correspond à un ensemble de programmes et lignes de financement, présentés comme une interface « dépolitisée » de l’action extérieure de l’Union et permettant de sélectionner, labelliser et financer des organisations en tant que vis-à-vis de l’action extérieure européenne. À partir d’une focale sur les entrepreneurs de la « société civile », reconnus et financés par la délégation de l’UE en Tunisie, cet article étudie les usages militants et professionnels des financements européens ainsi que les formes de conformation induites. Ces intermédiaires négocient leur position au sein du « dialogue avec l’Union européenne et la Tunisie » en fonction de réseaux militants préexistants, de clivages perçus entre « islamistes » et « gauchistes » et procèdent ainsi à une politisation des enjeux du « dialogue ».
L’empowerment par des financements internationaux ? Comment les donateurs créent un secteur non étatique en Ukraine
Authors: Mützelburg Irina
Published: February 2019

Des acteurs internationaux tels que l’Union européenne cherchent à diffuser leurs normes et pratiques à des États comme l’Ukraine en finançant des projets portés par des organisations internationales et mis en oeuvre par des ONG nationales. Cette contribution analyse l’usage que font les acteurs du secteur non étatique relatif à l’asile en Ukraine des financements internationaux. Elle questionne le concept d’empowerment et montre que les ONG financées par des bailleurs de fonds internationaux gagnent en accès et en influence dans les politiques publiques et que leurs membres acquièrent des compétences, notamment dans la levée de fonds et la gestion de projets internationaux. Les financements communautaires n’atteignent cependant pas les réseaux de solidarité de migrants, et très peu les organisations d’activistes engagés depuis plus longtemps. Ils concourent plutôt à l’émergence de « DONGO », à savoir des ONG fondées grâce à des financements internationaux ou ayant su adapter leurs activités aux opportunités de fonds disponibles. Du fait de leur dépendance, ces ONG se conforment aux attentes de leurs bailleurs de fonds, ce qui tend à standardiser leurs pratiques et à asseoir le pouvoir des acteurs internationaux. Par ailleurs, cette situation accroît les différences entre les organisations dont le financement est institutionnalisé et celles dont le financement est instable. Les premières disposent de moyens substantiels pour fournir une aide juridique et matérielle aux demandeurs d’asile, et ont aussi plus de facilité à entrer en contact avec les autorités locales. Ce sont elles qui adoptent, appliquent et diffusent les normes internationales sur l’asile. Les secondes ne s’y réfèrent pas ; elles sont aussi moins dotées, et contraintes à l’improvisation pour leurs différentes activités.
A Multi-objective Network Design Model for Post-disaster Transportation Network Management
Authors: Konstantinidou Maria A. , Kepaptsoglou Konstantinos L. , Stathopoulos Antony
Published: February 2019

Despite their inherent vulnerability to structural and functional degradation, transportation networks play a vital role in the aftermath of disasters by ensuring physical access to the affected communities and providing services according to the generated needs. In this setting of operational conditions and service needs which deviate from normal, a restructuring of network functions is deemed to be beneficial for overall network serviceability. In such context, this paper explores the planning of post-disaster operations on a network following a hazardous event on one of the network’s nodes. Lane reversal, demand regulation and path activation are applied to provide an optimally reconfigured network with reallocated demand, so that the network performance is maximized. The problem is formulated as a bi-level optimization model; the upper level determines the optimal network management strategy implementation scheme while the lower level assigns traffic on the network. Three performance indices are used for that purpose: the total network travel time (TNTT), the total network flow (TNF) and the special origin-destination pair (OD pair) accessibility. A genetic algorithm coupled with a traffic assignment process is used as a solution methodology. Application of the model on a real urban network proves the computational efficiency of the algorithm; the model systematically produces robust results of enhanced network performance, indicating its value as an operation planning tool.
Two membrane-bound transcription factors regulate expression of various type-IV-pili surface structures in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
Authors: Bischof Lisa Franziska , Haurat Maria Florencia , Albers Sonja-Verena
Published: February 2019

In Archaea and Bacteria, gene expression is tightly regulated in response to environmental stimuli. In the thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius nutrient limitation induces expression of the archaellum, the archaeal motility structure. This expression is orchestrated by a complex hierarchical network of positive and negative regulators—the archaellum regulatory network (arn). The membrane-bound one-component system ArnR and its paralog ArnR1 were recently described as main activators of archaellum expression in S. acidocaldarius. They regulate gene expression of the archaellum operon by targeting the promoter of flaB, encoding the archaellum filament protein. Here we describe a strategy for the isolation and biochemical characterization of these two archaellum regulators. Both regulators are capable of forming oligomers and are phosphorylated by the Ser/Thr kinase ArnC. Apart from binding to pflaB, ArnR but not ArnR1 bound to promoter sequences of aapF and upsX, which encode components of the archaeal adhesive pilus and UV-inducible pili system, demonstrating a regulatory connection between different surface appendages of S. acidocaldarius.
Effects of stigmata maydis on the methicillin resistantStaphylococus aureusbiofilm formation
Authors: Shang Fei , Li Long , Yu Lumin , Ni Jingtian , Chen Xiaolin , Xue Ting
Published: February 2019

Background

Mastitis is an inflammatory reaction of the mammary gland tissue, which causes huge losses to dairy farms throughout the world.Staphylococcus aureusis the most frequent agent associated with this disease.Staphylococcus aureusisolates, which have the ability to form biofilms, usually lead to chronic mastitis in dairy cows. Moreover, methicillin resistance of the bacteria further complicates the treatment of this disease. Stigmata maydis (corn silk), a traditional Chinese medicine, possess many biological activities.

Methods

In this study, we performed antibacterial activity assays, biofilm formation assays and real-time reverse transcription PCR experiments to investigate the effect of stigmata maydis (corn silk) on biofilm formation and vancomycin susceptibility of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains isolated from dairy cows with mastitis.

Results

In this study, the aqueous extracts of stigmata maydis inhibited the biofilm formation ability of MRSA strains and increased the vancomycin susceptibility of the strains under biofilm-cultured conditions.

Conclusion

This study proves that the aqueous extracts of stigmata maydis inhibit the biofilm formation ability of MRSA strains and increase the vancomycin susceptibility of the MRSA strains under biofilm-cultured conditions.