bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on the influence of sinusoidal wind on the structure of pumping unit based on dynamics of solid-fluid interaction
Authors: Liang Zheng , Zhao Luo-ming , Tan Li-qin
Published: July 2021

China National Petroleum Corporation Dingbian oilfield is located in the wind field area of the beam pumping unit affected by the wind load, occurred several pumping unit bracket bending, beam fracturing, horsehead off and horsehead drop and other serious accidents, endanger the equipment and personnel safety. However, there is little research on the influence of beam pumping unit under wind load. Based on the dynamics of solid-fluid interaction theory and the standard k- turbulence model, this paper calculated the polished rod load range of the pumping unit according to the actual working condition of Dingbian oilfield, and established the CYJ10-4.2-53 numerical model of wind field. Under the sinusoidal variable wind speed conditions, the stress and deformation of the beam loader with different sizes of wind load on the beam loader were compared to those of the different sorts. The stress and deformation of the two different types of pumping unit were compared under the wind load. The results show that under the influence of wind load, the rig of the pumping unit bracket has a serious bending deformation, and the safety risk of the front end of the horsehead along the wind load is deformed. When the wind speed reaches 24.48m/s, the horsehead and barcket’s offset is the largest to the top dead point by the wind load, The minimum impact is affected by the wind load at the bottom dead center, The maximum offset of the horsehead and the bracket reached 8.5 mm and 2.16 mm. The research work of this paper provides a scientific basis for the improvement of safety structure for pumping unit in the wind field area.
Sexualidade e soropositividade: as relações de poder na construção dos Anormais de Foucault
Authors: Colomby Renato Koch , Salvagni Julice , Guerin Marina
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a sexualidade e a soropositividade à luz de aspectos presentes nas obras “História da sexualidade I: a vontade de saber” (1988) e “Os Anormais” (1974-1975; 2011) de Michel Foucault, no processo de docilização dos corpos. Entendemos que a discussão foucaultiana acerca da construção da figura dos anormais e as suas associações históricas são absolutamente pertinentes nas análises das relações sociais contemporâneas e, sobretudo, nas discussões acerca da soropositividade. Estas leituras da sociedade sendo explicitadas, relacionadas e discutidas em conjunto com as articulações de poder propostas por Foucault são essenciais no sentido de contrapor as concepções naturalizadas acerca de um conceito ainda marginalizado como o HIV e a própria tríade gênero, sexualidade e educação. Neste ensaio teórico, o HIV e a AIDS são temáticas descortinadas e (re)colocadas em pauta, assim como os conceitos de normalidade e sexualidade são postos em reflexão, tendo como base o olhar foucaultiano.
Epidemiological profile and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Trichosporon species in a tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh, India
Authors: Mehta Vibha , Chander Jagdish , Gulati Neelam , Singla Nidhi , Vasdeva Hena , Sardana Raman , Kumar Pandey Awadhesh
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Trichosporon species are ubiquitous in nature which are associated with fatal opportunistic invasive infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical details, as well as the antifungal susceptibility pattern of the patients with Trichosporon infections.
Materials and Methods: In total, 50 clinical isolates of Trichosporon species from various samples were included in this study. The samples were isolated over a period of 18 months from patients in a tertiary hospital in North India. The isolates were characterised phenotypically with Vitek MS (bioMérieux, France). Trichosporon spp. were isolated from urine (30%), nail (30%), tissue (16%), pleural fluid (14%), and sputum (5%). In total, majority of the isolates were of Trichosporon asahii (92%),followed by Trichosporon mucoides (6%), and Trichosporon ovoides (2%). It is noteworthy that most of the reported cases were from intensive care unit (34%).
Results: Intravenous catheters, antibiotics, and antifungal uptake were significantly associated risk factors with Trichosporon infection. All invasive isolates were observed to be resistant in vitro to caspofungin and exhibited high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against amphotericin B, fluconazole, and 5-flucytosine. The MICs for voriconazole and posaconazole were low.
Conclusion: Trichosporonosis is being increasingly reported all around the world,including India. The results of this study highlighted the importance of early detection and treatment for this emerging yeast and also added to the ongoing surveillance for the antifungal susuceptibility pattern for this fungus.
Prevalence and antifungal drug resistance of nosocomial Candida species isolated from two university hospitals in Egypt
Authors: M. El-Ganiny Amira , E. Yossef Nehal , A. Kamel Hend
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: There is a significant rise in morbidity and mortality of infections caused by Candida. Candida spp. infections are currently ranked fourth among nosocomial infections which are difficult to diagnose and refractory to therapy.Given the differences in susceptibility among various spp., identification of Candida spp. is an important step that leads to the selection of a suitable antifungal.
Materials and Methods: A prevalence study was on 122 Candida isolates. The Candida spp. were identified using Chromogenic agar and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antifungal susceptibility (AFS) of Candida spp. to amphotericin B, fluconazole,voriconazole, and caspofungin was determined by the disc diffusion method.
Results: In total, 122 Candida clinical isolates were investigated in this study. Candida albicans with 57.4% (70 isolates) had the highest prevalence rate, while 52 isolates (42.6%) were non-albicans Candida species (NAC). The NAC include Candida krusei (20.4%), Candida tropicalis (6.5%), Candida parapsilolsis (5.7%), Candida dubliniensis (4.9%), and Candida glabrata (4.9%). The AFS showed that the resistance rates of Candida spp. to fluconazole and voriconazole were 13.1% (16 isolates) and 9.8% (12 isolates), respectively. Moreover, only five isolates (4.1%) were resistant to caspofungin. Furthermore, there was no resistance against amphotericin B. The spp. that showed the highest resistance were C. glabrata and C. tropicalis, while the lowest resistance was observed in C. albicans and C. dubliniensis.
Conclusion: In conclusion, rapid identification of clinical Candida isolates and standard AFS are essential procedures for controlling the rise of resistant NAC spp.in clinical settings. Usage of fluconazole should be restricted, especially in patients with recurrent Candida infections.
Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species isolated from oral lesions in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Kermani Firoozeh , Sadeghian Mohaddese , Shokohi Tahereh , Hashemi Seyedebrahim , Moslemi Dariush , Davodian Saeed , Abastabar Mahdi , Bandalizadeh Zainab , Faeli Leyla , Seifi Zahra , Fami Zaghrami Mahmoud , Haghani Iman
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Radiation therapy in patients with head and neck malignancies predisposes them to oral Candida colonization and infection due to damage of oral mucosa and destruction of the salivary gland. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiotherapy (RT), identify the yeasts isolated from them, and determine their antifungal susceptibility.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to June 2019 at two referral radiotherapy centers in northern Iran. Yeast strains that were isolated from patients with HNC were identified using conventional and molecular methods. The in vitro activities of eight common antifungal drugs against 55 isolates were investigated according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (M27-A3 and M27-S4) broth microdilution document.
Results: Among 59 patients receiving RT, the prevalence of OPC was 21 (35.59%) and 15 (25.42%) patients were diagnosed with colonization. The mean age of the patients was 55.32±13.3 years (within the range of 27-87 years). In this study, the pseudomembranous form was reported as the most clinical type of OPC. Candida albicans with the frequency of 60% was the most common type of Candida spp. that was observed in this study, although non-albicans Candida spp., such as C. glabrata (27.27%), C. tropicalis (5.45%), C. parapsilosis (3.63%), C. krusei (1.83%), and C. kefyr(1.83%) were also isolated. Considering the low minimum inhibitory concentration range of amphotericin B, compared to fluconazole, administration of this agent is a more suitable antifungal drug for extensive oral candidiasis in these patients. Among azoles,clotrimazole had low efficacy and several studied isolates (65.5%) showed resistance.
Conclusion: Correct diagnosis as well as determining drug sensitivity and risk factors are the effective steps in reducing the complications related to oral candidiasis in people undergoing RT.
A rare Fusarium equiseti infection in a 53-year-old male with burn injury: A case report
Authors: Xuan Hai Tang , Thai Ngoc Minh Nguyen , Ngoc Anh Do , Ngoc Dung Tran , Thi Minh Chau Ngo , Tran-Anh Le
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Burn injuries are prone to infection caused by bacteria, fungi, or other pathogens. Fungal wound infection usually has non-specific clinical symptoms.Nevertheless, in some cases, the fungal burden is so substantial that can easily be seen by the naked eyes, but this phenomenon has rarely been reported with Fusarium.
Case report: A 53-year-old patient with severe burn injury was admitted to the intensive care unit of the National Hospital of Burn, Ha Noi, Vietnam. His wound was dressed with a traditional herbal product before the hospital admission. On the 5th day after the admission, some white patches suspected of fungal colonies appeared on burn lesions where the herbal medicine was placed. Histological examination (Periodic acidSchiff) and culture of biopsy samples taken from those lesions revealed fungus that was identified as Fusarium equiseti after analysis of the internal transcribed spacer and D1/D2 region of the large subunit of the 28S rDNA. The isolated strain showed susceptibility to voriconazole but resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole, caspofungin,and amphotericin B in vitro. The patient received aggressive treatment, including IV voriconazole (400 mg daily from day five); however, he could not recover.
Conclusion: Fusarium should be suspected in burn patients with white patches on lesions. Antifungal susceptibility testing is important since multidrug resistance is common among Fusarium strains.
Nanoliposome-loaded antifungal drugs for dermal administration: A review
Authors: Asadi Peyman , Mehravaran Ahmad , Soltanloo Nahid , Abastabar Mahdi , Akhtari Javad
Published: July 2021

Cutaneous fungal infections are the fourth most common health problem, which involves approximately  billion people worldwide. Drug delivery to the skin seems to be the best choice for superficial fungal infections. Topical formulations can release a sufficient amount of drug in therapeutical concentrations and permeate higher layers of the skin like the stratum corneum. As the outermost layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum prevents the drug from penetrating the skin. Liposomes, especially nanosized as topical drug delivery systems to the skin, can show various functions depending on their size, lipids and cholesterol components, the percent of ingredients, lamellarity, and surface charge. Nanoliposomes can increase permeation through the stratum corneum, decrease systemic effects with their localizing actions, and overcome many dermal drug delivery obstacles. Antifungal drugs, such as croconazole, econazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine hydrochloride, tolnaftate, and miconazole entrapped in liposomes have indicated improved skin penetration and localizing effects. According to the literature review summarized in this paper, many studies have identified liposomes as a powerful carrier for topical antifungal drug delivery to the skin. However, a few studies introduced new generations of liposomes like ethosomes and transfersomes. This paper was conducted on almost all liposomal studies of antifungal drugs with dermal application.
POST DEMONETISATION EFFECT ON BANKING SECTOR, MICRO FINANCING INSTITUTIONS (MFI) AND JOB OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Vidyasagar Kandarp , Dwivedi Rajiv Kr.
Published: July 2021

Purpose of this study: This study aims at investigating the effect of demonetisation on the major sectors of the Indian economy i.e. banking sector, micro-financing sector, and employment sector. The government of India claims demonetisation as a tool to tackle inflation, black money, corruption, crime, and terror funding, while others call it harassment attitude.

Methodology: In this regard, a survey has been done to collect data from secondary sources. Further data were analysed graphically.

Results: The study reveals that there is marginal control over black money. The financial institution RBI suffered a loss due to excess of cash collection and failed to regulate the money properly. The employment sector is affected and a good number of people lost their jobs. Also, micro-financing institutions (MFI’s) business was affected worstly.

Social Implications/Applications: The MFIs and SMEs should be promoted and provided with legal financial assistance in order to compensate for their loss so that the 30% of citizens living below the poverty line get relief.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This combined study on various sectors gives a clear picture of the effects of post demonetisation in India which can help in predicting Indian economic conditions for the years to come.
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS FILTERING TECHNIQUES USED FOR REMOVING HIGH FREQUENCY NOISE IN ECG SIGNAL
Authors: Krishnamurthy Priya , Swethaanjali N. , Lakshmi Arthi Bala
Published: July 2021

About 8.8 million males and 6.6 million females alive today have been affected by Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Of these 5.0 million males and 2.6 million females have been diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction (MI), according to the statistics updated by the American Heart Association (AHA) in 2013 [1]. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of CHD is essential to minify the mortality rate due to CHD.This accentuates the need for an accurate and reliable equipment for monitoring the health conditions of hearts of human beings to treat the disease in advance before it brings about an irrevocable change in their body. One of the equipment’s used for this purpose is an Electrocardiograph, and the acquired signal is called an ECG signal. The acquisition process of this signal is hindered by a number of artifacts and removal of these artifacts is of paramount importance before the ECG signal could be used for disease diagnosis purpose.
DUST GENERATION AND ITS SEPARATION METHOD
Authors: Bhatia Karan
Published: July 2021

Dust control in underground as well as open pit mines has been an area of intense research and study. Dust controlling by dust capturing or dust consolidation and using appropriate method for different causes of dust generation has been the concern of this paper. Dust is generated mainly in every activity of mine from drilling to transportation to using any modern mechanization for ore extraction. Dust generation can cause less visibility more accidents, breathing problem, affects agriculture and vegetation. Various methods deployed for its control and separation does not impact its originator rather reduces its percentage in mine air. Wet drilling, water spraying, ventilation, dust collector and air flow to control the generation of dust have proven profound impact to control dust. This paper embeds the detailed causes of dust, how dust can be reduced in mine air and what can be done to prevent it, if possible.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION – A SOCIAL MEDIA CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors: K Kanchanavalli
Published: July 2021

Environmental Protection is one of the major issues all over the world now a day. The rapidly changing world has also seen the technological evolution, which has introduced social media as a powerful medium of information exchange. The current paper discusses on how social media can be used as an instrument for environment protection.
A FUZZY PROGRAMMING APPROACH TO INVENTORY CONTROL PROBLEM
Authors: Kumari Neha , Burnwal A. P.
Published: July 2021

Purpose of study: Main aim of this study is to deals with the problem of inventories. Their holding cost, set-up cost, and many more related to that. All the problems are flexible and having fuzzy nature.

Methodology: The model takes the form of a Geometric Programming problem. Hence geometric programming algorithm is used here.

Main Finding: The developed models may be used for a single item with a single constraint of limitation on storage area and multi-item inventory problems.

Application of this study: This study is useful in the area of inventories. There holding cost and set-up cost etc.

The originality of this study: This study may help the stockholders for storing goods and minimizing the cost of holding.
THE REVIVAL OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY FROM THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC DISASTER
Authors: Roy Debashish
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: COVID-19 pandemic has severely hit the global economy. It has also had a huge impact on the tourism industry. The purpose of the study is to identify the possible initiatives to be taken to revive the tourism industry during or after the COVID-19 era.

Methodology: A qualitative analysis of secondary data has been applied. NVivo 12 has been used for organizing, analyzing, and visualizing the data.

Main Findings: It is found that government will have to play the most prominent role in the revival of the tourism sector through financial stimulus packages and subsidies. The use of marketing activities, promotional tools, and social media platforms will also aid in the recovery process. Initially, tourism activities can be restarted at domestic levels and in travel bubbles, motivating international tourists. Most importantly, maintaining hygiene and maintaining social distance will be the main tool to revive the tourism industry.

Applications of this study: The findings of this study will enable the decision-makers of the hospitality and tourism industry to make a strategic recovery plan Covid-19 stricken tourism economy.

The originality of this study: Although most of the industries are slowly turning around during the pandemic, the tourism industry is still struggling to survive. This study proposes several possible recovery plans in light of past epidemic experiences.
El derecho a un medioambiente sano en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Basaure Miranda Isaac Marcelo
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo abordar las principales normas y jurisprudencia contenciosa y consultiva del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, relativas a la protección al derecho de un medioambiente sano, a la luz de la novedad que supone la Opinión Consultiva (OC-23/17), primera opinión emitida por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre medioambiente, con el fin de identificar las obligaciones estatales que la legislación internacional le ha impuesto a los Estados americanos en la materia.

Recibido: 25.03.2021Aceptado: 18.06.2021
José María Coello de Portugal Martínez del Peral, La Jefatura del Estado
Authors: Delgado Ramos David
Published: July 2021

La Jefatura del Estado como institución propia del derecho público surge en 1837 de la mano de Wilhem Eduard Albrecht quien, al igual que sus homólogos de la extraordinaria Escuela alemana de Derecho Público, aplica las doctrinas de la personalidad jurídica provenientes del derecho privado al Estado y las sitúa en una institución que detenta su manifestación jurídica última, logrando bifurcar la representación política de la jurídica, residenciando la primera en el Parlamento y encarnando la segunda en un nuevo actor jurídico-político: la Jefatura del Estado.
Alfredo Abadías Selma / Pere Simón Castellano (coords.), La prisión provisional y su estudio a través de la casuística más relevante: un análisis ante la segunda revolución de la justicia penal
Authors: Balbuena Pérez David Eleuterio
Published: July 2021

La obra analiza la figura de la prisión provisional desde el estudio de casos mediáticos en los que —en su gran mayoría— se ha visto aplicada de forma más o menos automática o sobrepasando los límites a los que se halla sujeta. Para ello, la obra reúne a un gran número de expertos que analizan separadamente cada uno de los casos seleccionados al efecto, comenzando, a modo de pórtico, con un conciso e incisivo prólogo del profesor Rodríguez Ramos que puntualiza sobre la necesidad de un cambio de óptica en la aplicación de la prisión preventiva en el proceso penal y advierte del contenido especialmente crítico de los estudios que contiene el libro.
O Caráter Reflexivo do Cinema: a 7ª arte como modo de vida
Authors: PANET ROSE
Published: July 2021

O texto abre uma reflexão sobre a importância da arte, dos artistas e principalmente do cinema para conseguir digerir e viver bem nos tempos atuais os quais estamos vivendo em pânico. A arte proporciona a quem faz e a quem recebe diferentes níveis de abstração que nos fazem ampliar a percepção de uma compreensão do mundo. Nada existe até eu fazer um filme sobre o assunto, ou assistir um que me leve à reflexão. Através de uma retrospectiva da relação com o cinema em minha vida, escrevo sobre as razões que me motivaram a flertar, a seguir este caminho e a pensar sobre a vida através de três filmes meus: Amniogênese; O homem que ri e Casa Vazia. The Reflective Character of Cinema: the 7th art as a way of lifeABSTRACTThe text opens a reflection on the importance of art, artists and especially cinema to be able to digest and live well in the current times we are living in panic. Art provides those who make and those who receive different levels of abstraction that make us broaden the perception of an understanding of the world. Nothing exists until I make a movie about it, or watch one that makes me think. Through a retrospective of the relationship with cinema in my life, I write about the reasons that motivated me to flirt, to follow this path and to think about life through three of my films: Amniogenesis; The Man Who Laughs and an Empty House.Keywords: Cinema. Reflection through art. Art.
O papel do Desporto na Integração Social dos Jovens Com e Sem Diversidade Funcional/Intelectual
Authors: ALMEIDA MARLENE FILIPA ROCHA , SOARES SUSANA BEATRIZ TEIXEIRA
Published: July 2021

O desporto é visto como uma forma privilegiada de comunicação de diferentes países, distintas sociedades, distintas culturas e de diferentes estratos sociais. O presente artigo descreve um estudo com a finalidade de perceber de que forma é que o desporto contribui para o desenvolvimento emocional, motor e intelectual dos atletas com e sem diversidade funcional/Intelectual; compreender de que forma a prática desportiva promove a inclusão e integração social dos atletas com e sem diversidade funcional/intelectual, bem como para o desenvolvimento da sua autonomia, autoconfiança e independência. Deste modo, foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa através de questionários e foi realizada uma análise documental de diversas notícias sobre o desporto adaptado. Assim, será possível compreender as experiências vivenciadas entre os atletas com e sem diversidade funcional/ intelectual, bem como os benefícios que o desporto adaptado promove na vida das pessoas com diversidade funcional/intelectual ao nível do desenvolvimento cognitivo, motor e sócio-afetivo.Palavras-chave: Diversidade Funcional/Intelectual. Desporto. Integração Social. Desporto Adaptado.The role of sport in the social integration of young people with and without functional/intellectual diversityABSTRACTSport is seen as a privileged form of communication from different countries, different societies, different cultures and from different social strata. This article describes a study in order to understand how sport contributes to the emotional, motor and intellectual development of athletes with and without functional / intellectual diversity; understand how sports practice promotes the inclusion and social integration of athletes with and without functional / intellectual diversity, as well as for the development of their autonomy, self-confidence and independence. In this way, a qualitative methodology was used through questionnaires and a documentary analysis of several news about adapted sport was carried out. Thus, it will be possible to understand the experiences lived between athletes with and without functional / intellectual diversity, as well as the benefits that adapted sport promotes in the lives of people with functional / intellectual diversity in terms of cognitive, motor and socio-affective development.Keywords: Functional / Intellectual Diversity. Sport. Social integration. Adapted Sport.
Wybrane aspekty teoretyczno-empiryczne zagranicznych inwestycji kapitałowych
Authors: Kosztowniak Aneta
Published: July 2021

Artykuł koncentruje się na wybranych aspektach teoretyczno-empirycznych zagranicznych inwestycji kapitałowych. Pierwsza część prezentuje hipotezy wybranych teorii zagranicznych inwestycji kapitałowych. Druga część określa determinanty pozycji konkurencyjnej, konkurencyjności oraz zdolności konkurencyjnej. Trzecia część rozważa atrakcyjność inwestycyjną, ryzyko inwestycyjne oraz metody ich oceny. Czwarta część przedstawia zmiany międzynarodowej pozycji inwestycyjnej Polski w latach 1994–2009.
Opodatkowanie przedsiębiorstw jako jedna z determinant lokalizacji bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych
Authors: Wawrzyniak Dorota
Published: July 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie zależności pomiędzy opodatkowaniem przedsiębiorstw a bezpośrednimi inwestycjami zagranicznymi. Dokonano w nim przeglądu najczęściej rozważanych determinant BIZ oraz mierników tych wielkości. Nacisk położono na omówienie miar obciążenia podatkowego przedsiębiorstw, począwszy od wielkości najprostszych, jak stopa nominalna, a kończąc na miarach efektywnych. Zaprezentowane badania empiryczne wskazują na występowanie ujemnej relacji pomiędzy BIZ a opodatkowaniem przedsiębiorstw oraz na rosnące zainteresowanie tą zależnością, w szczególności dla krajów Unii Europejskiej. Tematyka ta wydaje się jednak nadal nie być w literaturze dostatecznie rozpoznana.
Zmiany na polskim rynku pracy po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej i przyszłe kierunki zmian wynikające z dokumentów strategicznych oraz zmian demograficznych
Authors: Kusideł Ewa , Modranka Emilia
Published: July 2021

W artykule podjęto dwa równoległe wątki. Pierwszym było zbadanie, czy obserwowane zmiany na rynku pracy są zgodne z kierunkami określonymi przez wskaźniki z dwóch głównych dokumentów strategicznych (SRK i NSRO, które wyznaczają kierunki rozwoju kraju) oraz sprawdzenie perspektyw ich przyszłej realizacji. Wynikiem tej części badań było stwierdzenie, że przy warunku kontynuacji tendencji z lat 2004–2010 większość wskaźników założonych na rok 2013 (NSRO), lub 2015 (SRK) będzie zrealizowanych. W artykule wskazano również, że w osiągnięciu zakładanych wartości niektórych wskaźników równie dużą rolę, co aktywne polityki rynku pracy pełnią zmiany demograficzne – których rola była drugim wątkiem badań podjętych w artykule. Prognozy demograficzne wskazują na radykalne przeobrażanie się liczby i struktury ludności Polski, co ma niebagatelny wpływ na wybrane charakterystyki rynku pracy. Wpływ ten, paradoksalnie, nie musi być negatywny – jeśli spadki liczby ludności będą odpowiednio duże, to wzrastające poziomy wskaźnika zatrudnienia, czy współczynnika aktywności zawodowej można osiągać nawet przy spadkach liczby pracujących i liczby aktywnych zawodowo. To jednak zbyt mało, aby zrealizować jednocześnie inny cel strategii rozwoju kraju dotyczący wzrostu liczby i jakości zatrudnienia.
Innowacyjność wiedzochłonnych usług biznesowych (KIBS) – wybrane problemy
Authors: Skórska Anna
Published: July 2021

W artykule podjęto rozważania dotyczące istoty i specyfiki innowacji w usługach, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wiedzochłonnych usług biznesowych. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie poziomu innowacyjności usług w Polsce w oparciu o złożony wskaźnik innowacyjności (SSII) oraz miejsca Polski w rankingu innowacyjności krajów Unii Europejskiej. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono problemom związanym z pomiarem innowacji w usługach. Realizacji tak sformułowanego celu podporządkowano rozważania w następujących obszarach: 1) determinant innowacji w KIBS; 2) analizie innowacji w KIBS; 3) barier i możliwości rozwoju innowacji w KIBS.
Kredyt bankowy dla przedsiębiorstw a kapitał pozyskiwany z rynku giełdowego w Polsce i wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej. Analiza porównawcza
Authors: Zięba Łukasz
Published: July 2021

Praca rozpoczyna się od przedstawienia modeli rynkowego systemu finansowego. Następnie scharakteryzowane zostają alternatywne metody finansowania rozwoju firm. Na koniec w oparciu o dane statystyczne została przeprowadzona analiza porównawcza dwóch wiodących form zasilania finansowego przedsiębiorstw (na przykładzie Polski i kilku wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej (Francji, Niemiec, Węgier, Irlandii, Grecji i Hiszpanii) – kredytu bankowego dla przedsiębiorstw oraz emisji akcji i obligacji na rynku giełdowym.
Analysis of Nutrient Security Prospects in Rural Tamil Nadu: Nutrient Availability, Nutrient Consumption Status and Way to Attain Nutrient Security
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics, I.A.S., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, Appasmandri S.
Published: July 2021

Among the basic needs of life, food possesses ahead of everyone else as it nourishes us and able to stand which leads further activity. Tamil Nadu state is self-sufficient in food production and Nutrient availability assessment also shows the same but the consumption pattern shows inverse pattern to availability because consumption is directly related with income, education, taste and preference, cultural, ethical and etc. Food consumption patterns of rural Tamil Nadu shows that high demand of Public Distribution System (PDS) observed in earlier and gradually decreased over year. Vitamin Thiamine is coming under severe inequality category in rural areas of Tamil Nadu for both 61st and 68 rounds. Goal programming was effectively optimised the nutrient requirement with least cost and optimised to higher level of nutrient status.
Isolation, Purification and Elucidation of Stigmasterol and β-Sitosterol Glucosides from the Stems of Solenostemma argel Grown in Sudan and their Application as Insecticides
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Sudan, Gipreel Noora T.
Published: July 2021

Two new compounds were isolated from the chloroform extract fraction of stems of Solenostemma argel, purified by column chromatography and elucidated by phytochemical and spectroscopic methods as Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol glucoside. Chloroform had the highest insecticide activity against the growth of the third larval instar of Tribolium castaneum used as a test insect, when it was compared with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts.
Evaluation of Rabi Onion Genotypes for Storage Characteristics (Six Months Period)
Authors:   Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411067, Rathod K.S.
Published: July 2021

A field experiment entitled, “Evaluation of rabi onion genotypes for storage characteristics (six month period)” was conducted during rabi season, 2017-18 at “Scheme for Research on Onion Storage”, Department of Horticulture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. Dist. Ahmednagar (Maharashtra) India. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design with seventeen genotypes and one check variety i.e. N-2-4-1 treatments replicated three times. In storage studies results indicated that, the minimum storage losses (Sprouting losses (%), Rotting losses (%), PLW losses (%) & Total losses) were recorded by the genotypes T7, T11 and T10.The minimum sprouting losses (after 6 month storage) was recorded in genotype T11 (1.41 %). It was followed by genotype viz. T7 and T10 (1.51 %). The maximum sprouting losses (after 6 month storage) was recorded in genotype T17 (4.06 %). Rotting losses (after 6 month storage) ranged between T11 (3.19) to T4 (7.46) per cent. The minimum PLW loss was recorded in genotype T7 (14.98 %), followed by genotype viz. T11 (15.64 %), T10 (15.85 %) and T6 (17.16 %). The maximum PLW loss was recorded in genotype T17 (33.26 %). The minimum total losses (after 6-month storage) was recorded by genotype T11 (21.34 %). While the maximum total losses (after 6-month storage) was recorded in T4 (36.49 %). Considering the above results, it could be concluded that, among the seventeen genotypes T7 (RHROR–7), T10 (RHROR–10) and T11 (RHROR–11) found promising for further evaluation.
Effect of Temperature on Life Cycle of Spodoptera frugiperda under Laboratory Conditions
Authors:   State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China, Ramzan Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Diptera:Lepidoptera) is a destructive pest of agricultural crops especially maize in many countries including Pakistan. The environmental factors like temperature play significant role in the growth and development of insect pests. It is very important to know the proper knowledge about effect of temperature on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda before managing this pest. For this purpose, the current study was conducted to check the effect of temperature (20 and 26◦C) on the life cycle of S. frugiperda under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the developmental times of all stages (eggs, larvae and pupae) were inversely related to temperature. The incubation period of eggs was 4.01±0.00b and 2.00±0.00b at 20 and 26◦C, respectively. The development time of first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth larval instar was 3.51±0.10b, 3.04±0.15b, 2.33±0.10b, 2.97±0.14b, 3.45±0.19b and 4.99± 0.22b, respectively at 20◦C while 2.77±0.13c, 2.89±0.20bc, 2.09±0.12bc, 2.22±0.17bc, 2.90±0.23c and 3.56±0.19b, respectively at 26◦C. The time of growth and development was increased at low temperature while reduced at high temperature. The food consumption rate and molting period of larvae can increase at high temperature for complete their growth and development. The current study concluded that environmental factors like temperature are highly effect the insect pests morphology and biology.
Health and Nutritional Status of Tribal Agricultural Labourers of Wayanad District: A Critical Gender Analysis
Authors:   Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Krishna J. Pooja
Published: July 2021

The present investigation has been done on the basis of qualitative and quantitative data collected from primary sources and explored the health and nutritional status of tribal agricultural labourers. Majority of the respondents from Kattunaikan and Paniya communities washed their hands irregularly, while comparatively better habit of washing hands regularly was observed among the Kurichiya. Considerable number of respondents did not take timely vaccination, more than half of the male and female agricultural labourers did not consult physician on illness, irrespective of gender, majority of the respondents used tribal medicines over modern medicines, majority of the tribal people use water drinking without boiling and only a minor section had latrine facility in their houses. There was no significant difference between the three communities in the consumption of fruits and cereals, while, majority of the respondents of the three communities, consumed vegetables on regular basis. No regular intake of milk was among the three communities. Only a minor population among the respondents consumed pulses and fish/meat regularly. The ignorance about the severity of many medical conditions and problems of affordability to modern medical facilities expose the tribal communities to health risks and eventually leading them to high morbidity and mortality situations.
Next Generation Sequencing Approaches Deciphering Hidden Microbial Treasure in Soil
Authors:   Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, India, Srivastava Ruchi
Published: July 2021

Soil is one of the most important and complex biological habitats on earth. As we know the microbes are important key players in every ecosystem, and biological and ecological processes. Thus, it is necessary to understand this microbial treasure to have information about their role in such processes. Initial culture dependent methods helped a lot but are insufficient to indentify all the microbial species present in the soil. It has been estimated that only ~1% of bacterial species are cultivable on culture medium and rest are still hidden in through such methods. On the other hands, soil metagenomics is a modern concept that allows us to recognize these hidden species without biasness of growing bacteria on to petri plates. In last two decades rapid improvements in modern techniques itself enhanced the human capabilities in not only identifying but also have an understanding of functional aspects of these microbes in soil. Present review describes the available culture dependent methods and emergence and improvement in modern sequencing approaches helping to explore soil microbial diversity of more detail.
Land Alienation and Access To Common Property Resources among Tribal Agricultural Labourers of Wayanad District: A Critical Gender Analysis
Authors:   Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Krishna J. Pooja
Published: July 2021

The present investigation has been done on the basis of qualitative and quantitative data collected from primary sources and explored the land alienation and land ownership status of tribal agricultural labourers. It also investigates how social discrimination aggravates the extent of land alienation and influence the land ownership and access to common property resources among the tribal people. While considering the inter-community disparity in land ownership, Kurichiya community owned more land than Paniya community, whereas, Kattunaikan owned no land and remained landless. Majority of the tribal people, especially women experienced high degree of land alienation. The major methods of land alienation identified were marriage of tribal women with non-tribal men, mortgaging the land by the tribal people to the non-tribal people in return for credit. The major consequences of land alienation as perceived by the tribal agricultural labourers were widening gap between the rich and the poor tribal people, increased poverty, exploitation, confrontation between tribal and non-tribal people, migration, law and order problem in tribal areas and marginalization and exclusion. In the case of access to common property resources, Kurichiya community had better access to community well/ tap, forest produces, common land resources and water resources than Paniya and Kattunaikan communities.
Study the ICT-Based Tutorial Model for Upper-Class of Elementary School in the Perspective of Constructivist Approach
Authors: Chasanah Uswatun , Prastowo Andi
Published: July 2021

This research aims to reveal the syntax, factors that take effect the application process of the ICT-based tutorial model, and the strengths of the tutorial model from a constructivist approach to online learning. The research method used in this research is the library research method with a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects were online learning articles and tutorial models. The data analysis technique was carried out by analyzing the contents of the document, namely precious research scientific articles and relevant theories. The results in this study point out that the tutorial model can be one of the solutions and means to be utilized during the online learning process SD/MI. the tutorial model was developed by combining the software in a coherent and tested manner. Variations of tutorial models are tailored to the needs and characteristics of students. The syntax of the ICT-based tutorial model includes an introduction, presentation of information, question and responses, judging of responses, providing about responses,  remediation, sequencing lesson segment, and closing. The ability of teachers and students, as well as the existence of devices, laptops, and internet networks, are supporting factors. Meanwhile, the quality of the internet network connection speed is an inhibiting factor. The tutorial model can facilitate students to be more independent when learning, evaluate self-achievement, flexible, and learner-centred. However, the tutorial model can trigger boredom, frustration due to frequent remedies, depending on teacher directions, and limited free applications. The tutorial model is in tune with the perspective of a constructivist approach. The ICT-based tutorial model can help teachers carry out online learning according to process standards, provide meaningful experiences for students, effective, and efficient experiences for students.
KH. ACHMAD ZAMACHSYARI, LEADERSHIP, AND MODERNIZATION OF PESANTREN: Character Study in Al-Rifa’ie Modern Islamic Boarding School of Malang
Authors: Pramitha Devi
Published: July 2021

KH. Achmad Zamachsyari or Gus Mad became one of the initiators to make changes by establishing a modern Islamic boarding school in Malang. He leads, provides a vision to move toward improvement and change. He chose an area in Ketawang, Gondanglegi, Malang to begin his struggle to build a modern Islamic boarding school. This study aims at obtaining a complete description of Gus Mad's leadership behavior; his interaction patterns; and modernization concept of Islamic boarding school education. The research design is qualitative and it uses the character study method. Gus Mad was chosen as the object of research because he was one of the Kiais in Malang who made a change, namely from the leader of the Al-Fattah Singosari Salafiyah then founded the Al-Rifa'ie Modern Islamic boarding school. Data obtained by interviews, documents, and observation. Data analysis used the Spradley model, consisting domain, taxonomic, component and theme analyses. Three findings are (1) Gus Mad's behavior at Al-Rifa'ie leads to transformational leadership; (2) his interaction pattern at Al-Rifa'ie led to traditional leadership; and (3) hisconcept of modernization of Islamic boarding school education is based on the principles of al-Muḥâfaẓat ‘alâ al-qadîm al-ṣâliḥ wa al-akhdhu bi al-jadîd al-aṣlaḥ. Gus Mad’s leadership style at Al-Rifa'ie Modern Islamic Boarding School Malang is a neo-transformationalism leadership style, a combination of transformationalism and traditionalism leadership style based on the principles of al-muḥâfaẓat ‘alâ al-qadîm al-ṣâliḥ wa al-akhdhu bi al-jadîd al-aṣlaḥ.
THE STRUGGLE OF ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN BOLAANG MONGONDOW, NORTH SULAWESI (1905-1942)
Authors: Mokodenseho Sabil , Zamhari Arif
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted due to the scholars’ lack of attention in revealing the conditions of education in Bolaang Mongondow in the early twentieth century. Using historical methods, as well as sociological, religious, and political approaches, this study finds that in the early twentieth century, indigenous people received education through the Sarekat Islam's Islamic Education and Teaching Center and the Zending educational institution founded by Christian missionaries. Zending education for indigenous Muslim communities was a form of knowledge discrimination because education was only specifically for Christian children, European descent, and aristocrats, while indigenous Muslim children were not allowed. In contrast, Islamic educational institutions were established to accommodate all Muslim children. As a result, although Islamic education institutions existed long after the Zending educational institutions, their educational institutions can compete. Zending's education ended with the fall of Dutch rule, while Islamic educational institutions continue to exist to date. The differences between the two religions in managing educational institutions lead this paper to the conclusion that religion is important not only in responding to and positioning oneself in power relations but also in empowering individuals and groups.
FROM KHILÂFAH TO MODERN STATE: The History of Islamic Political Transformation
Authors: Fata Ahmad Khoirul , Adnan Adnan , Fauzi Mahfud
Published: July 2021

This article discusses the dynamic and changes in Islamic political history. Rather than focuses on the Islamic doctrine, it focuses on the characteristics of each historical period. Through historical approach, this study reveals that Islam and state-politics are two sides of a coin. Since the beginning of Islam, it has been intertwined with state politics. Nevertheless, the history of Islamic politics has many faces. There is no standard shape or entity of Islamic politics. Changes and variation are the result of the Islamic ummah’s efforts to develop political institutions that suit the demand of the era while trying to adhere to the Islamic teachings. This dynamic is seen in the changes from the era of the Prophet PBUH, the era of the four main Caliphs, up to the era of the large dynasties. In this modern era, the Islamic politics experiences a crisis due to the downfall of the old Islamic political entity (the caliphate) and the interaction with the modern west-political ideas. Various thoughts and political concepts tries to provide answers for the appropriate Islamic political shape/entity for this new era. However, currently a standard and ideal shape for an Islamic political entity is yet to be found.
ANALISIS FATWA DSN MUI NO: 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 TERHADAP PENERAPAN AKAD MURABAHAH PADA PRODUK CICIL EMAS PADA BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI KCP. CIKUPA TANGERANG-BANTEN
Authors: Suardi Didi
Published: July 2021

This study concludes that the financing mechanism for the BSM Installment Gold product at BSM KCP. Cikupa consists of several stages starting from the requirements for submission, valuation of collateral, termination of financing, implementation of contracts and financing of financing. In the financing process for the financing of the Gold Installment Product, BSM KCP. Cikupa is in accordance with the guidelines of the DSN-MUI fatwa No: 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 concerning Murabahah, but there are some that are not in accordance with the first provisions of the ninth point, where at the time of the contract agreement process, gold was still in the ordering stage to PT. Antam and not owned by the bank. The type of research used is field research (field research). The data sources of this research consist of primary and secondary sources obtained through interviews, documentation, and other scientific literature. The data that has been collected, then analyzed using descriptive analysis method.