bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of a Compact High Gain Microstrip Patch Antenna for Tri-Band 5 G Wireless Communication
Authors: Abdelaziz Ahmed , Hamad Ehab K. I.
Published: September 2018

In this paper, a Tri-band microstrip-line-fed low profile microstrip patch antenna is proposed for future multi-band 5 G wireless communication applications. The proposed antenna is printed on a compact Rogers RT5880 substrate of dimensions 20×16.5×0.508 mm3 with relative permittivity, εr of 2.2 and loss tangent, tan δ of 0.0009. To improve return loss and bandwidth of the proposed antenna, a partial ground plane technique is employed. The proposed antenna operates at 10, 28, and 38 GHz, three of the selected frequencies which are allocated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for 5 G mobile communications. To reduce interference between the 5 G system and other systems in the band, a pair of T-shaped slots is etched in the radiating patch to reject unwanted frequency bands. The proposed design provides a gain of 5.67 dB at 10 GHz, 9.33 dB at 28 GHz and 9.57 dB at 38 GHz; the radiation pattern is mostly directional. The proposed antenna is designed and optimized using two commercial 3D full-wave software, viz. CST microwave studio and Ansoft HFSS. A prototype of the designed antenna that was fabricated and showed good agreement between the actual measurements of S11 & VSWR and the simulation results using both software.
„Wär’ schön, wenn sie’s schaffen würde!“
Authors: Heller Veronika
Published: September 2018

This article is based on the KMP (Kestenberg Movement Profile) for assessment of child development and movement behavior. I investigate characteristic movement patterns in a videotaped child psychoanalytic session. How do therapist and child move together? Since the KMP is commonly applied in dance therapy to evaluate movement skills and give support to development process, I will propose some suggestions for alternative modes of moving and encourage the building up of a new dialogue through action modification.
„Kontakthof“ – Rhythmus und Bewegungsinteraktion bei Pina Bausch
Authors: Brandstetter Gabriele
Published: September 2018

The aim of this essay is to investigate “moments of meeting” (Stern 2005) and rhythms of interruption in Pina Bausch’s piece “Kontakthof” (i.e., the version “Kontakthof with Ladies and Gentlemen over »65«”, 2007). Combining the perspective of microanalysis and a close reading of two significant scenes of the piece with a macroanalysis of dance aesthetics and questions of framing in theatre theory, contextualising “Kontakthof” within the history of “Tanztheater” (the 70s/80s in post-war Germany), the article shows how the composition and bodily articulation of movement interactions are constituted between the dancers and the audience. The “Ponyriding” scene is based on rhythms of transgression touching the boundaries both between male and female dancers and between performers and audience. A close reading of the “Tango-Scene” shows how the rhythms of moving together and the disbalances between interruption in the movements and gestures of a “tango” can be compared with performative processes of turn-taking in language interaction.
From Carlyle’s Hero to Conrad’s Depraved: Hermeneutics of Morbidity in Heart of Darkness
Authors: Oyarzun Eduardo Valls
Published: September 2018

The author of this paper lays out a system of hermeneutics based on the idea of morbidity aimed at checking the commitment (or the lack thereof) of individual subjects to Victorian ethics. The system stems from Thomas Carlyle’s political agenda based on his concept of “hero worship”. The system is then deployed in order to probe into the purported morbidity of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. According to the author of this paper, the character of Marlow represents a curious mixture of the heroic archetype proposed by Carlyle, combined with new critical standpoints from other philosophical programmes (specifically Nietzsche’s) proposed at the end of the nineteenth century. Firstly, the author of this paper tackles the prototype of the hero (a sort of medium between reality and Divine Truth) Thomas Carlyle posited in his On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History (1841). The author of this paper then describes how Marlow shares some of the hero’s features (most notably social responsibility and work ethic), but fails to embody the main trait of Carlyle’s “great men”, namely, their ability to recognize Divine Truth. Indeed, rather than asserting the existence of the Truth, Marlow’s narrative reveals the existence of multiple truths, thus creating a sort of politically morbid revision of Carlyle’s formula.
The Fictional Avatars of Mrs W: The Influence of the Adoptive Mother and the Birth of Jeanette Winterson as a Writer
Authors: Walezak Emilie
Published: September 2018

Throughout her writing career, Jeanette Winterson has experimented with her life experience, revisiting in particular the complex relationship with her adoptive mother, Mrs W, in such works as Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit (1985), Sexing the Cherry (1989), and Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal (2011). This article examines the complex mother-daughter relationship between Jeanette and Mrs W to illustrate the birth of a feminist writer. In answer to her mother’s confiscation of her birth narrative, Jeanette Winterson has fictionalized Mrs W to alter traditional narrative paradigms she deemed repressive. The process has allowed the daughter to open up an enunciative space for herself through performative utterances: “I’m telling you stories. Trust me.” Finally, the parallel drawn between Mrs Winterson and Mrs Thatcher in the former’s fictional avatars highlights specifically the personal political itinerary of the feminist writer.
The Ideologies of War and Social Class inAtonement: A Critical Stylistic Analysis
Authors: Abdel-Moety Doha Mahmoud
Published: September 2018

The present study is concerned with the representation of ideologies in fiction. It attempts an analysis of Ian McEwan’s novelAtonementand aims at revealing the ideologies of war and social class by analysing textual conceptual functions. It applies a critical stylistic analysis based on Jeffries’s (2010) framework. The study addresses the following questions:

How are the concepts of war and social class presented in the novel?

Which categories are used to introduce war and social class in the novel? What is the linguistic realization of the categories selected?

What doesAtonementreveal about British society and the period during which the events took place?

To what extent are McEwan’s ideologies reflected in the novel?

The results of the study show that war and social class constitute an important part in the novel. There are references to them from the very beginning of the novel. They are presented ideologically through the categories of naming and describing, negating, representing actions/events/states, prioritizing, hypothesizing, implying and assuming, presenting others’ speech and thoughts, and representing time, space and society. These categories employed specific linguistic realizations that helped the author achieve his purpose and influence readers. The results also reveal the wayAtonementportrays the circumstances of British society before, during, and after the Second World War. Moreover, they indicate the existence of historically accurate information related to war. Finally, the results demonstrate that the representations of war and social class inAtonementare ideologically loaded. These representations reflect McEwan’s own attitude toward history, war, and social class.
Digitale Herausforderungen für das Kartellrecht
Authors: Ellger Reinhard
Published: September 2018

Seit etwa zwei Jahrzehnten erleben wir weltweit eine mit dem Begriff der Digitalisierung beschriebene Revolution der Informationsverarbeitung. Diese Revolution durchdringt alle Lebensbereiche und hat zu einem tiefgreifenden gesellschaftlichen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Wandel geführt, dessen Bedeutung nicht überschätzt werden kann. Grundlegende technische Voraussetzungen für den digitalen Wandel sind einerseits die Entwicklung und ubiquitäre Verfügbarkeit des Computers und anderer digitaler Geräte wie etwa Tablets oder Smartphones sowie andererseits die Entstehung des Internets 1991 und seine immer umfassendere Nutzung. Die Bedeutung der digitalen Informationsverarbeitung kommt in Schlagworten wie „Web 2.0“, „Industrie 4.0“, „Big Data“, „Sharing Economy“ und „Internet der Dinge“ zum Ausdruck. Die Digitalisierung hat auch zu weitreichenden wirtschaftlichen Veränderungen geführt, indem sie digitale Produkte wie etwa Betriebssysteme und Anwendungsprogramme für Computer, soziale Netzwerke wie Facebook oder LinkedIn, Messenger-Dienste wie WhatsApp und viele andere mehr – hervorgebracht hat. Daneben werden heute aber auch nicht-digitale Waren und Dienstleistungen in großem Umfang über das Internet vertrieben. Die Herstellung und der Vertrieb digitaler Produkte sowie der Internetvertrieb von sonstigen Waren und Dienstleistungen lassen sich unter dem Begriff der „digitalen Märkte“ fassen. Die Art und Weise, wie digitale Erzeugnisse hergestellt und über das Internet vertrieben werden, hat die Austauschbeziehungen auf den betreffenden Märkten und auch die dort herrschenden Wettbewerbsbedingungen erheblich verändert. Aus diesen Veränderungen ergeben sich Herausforderungen für das Kartellrecht, denen in diesem Beitrag nachgegangen werden soll.
Long-term Outcome of Resective Epilepsy Surgery in Patients With Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
Authors: Kang Joon Won , Eom Soyong , Hong William , Kwon Hye Eun , Park Soyoung , Ko Ara , Kang Hoon-Chul , Lee Joon Soo , Lee Young-Mock , Kim Dong Seok , Kim Heung Dong
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of resective epilepsy surgery in patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).

METHODS:

We reviewed the case reports of 90 patients with LGS who had undergone resective surgery between 2003 and 2014 at the Severance Children’s Hospital and managed them for a minimum period of 2 years.

RESULTS:

At the time of surgery, the patients were between 3.0 and 23.5 years old (mean ± SD: 9.3 ± 4.4). The time from seizure onset to surgery ranged from 0.7 to 20.1 years (7.2 ± 4.3). On postoperative follow-up for an average period of 6.1 ± 2.2 years (range: 2.1–11.4 years), 45 patients (50.0%) had no seizures, and 15 (16.7%) reported infrequent seizures. Seizure-free outcomes were achieved in 15 of the 21 (71.4%) hemispherectomies, 23 of the 51 (45.1%) multilobar resections, and 7 of the 18 (38.9%) single lobar resections. On high-resolution MRIs, 20 patients (22.2%) had negative findings, 8 of whom (40.0%) became seizure-free after resective surgery. Malformation of cortical development was the most common pathologic finding and was noted in 57 patients (63.3%). Seizure-free patients achieved better adaptive behavior and social competence than did patients with persistent seizures at the second (2–3 years after surgery) and third (4–6 years after surgery) follow-ups, as indicated by social quotients (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Resective surgery is a viable option in some patients to treat seizures that are associated with LGS, with a high probability of seizure control and better adaptive function.
Achieving ideal mentoring: working patterns among clinical instructors, nurses, and nursing students
Authors: Sugiantari Ayu , Sari Komang Ayu Kartika , Januraga Pande Putu
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and purpose: The relationships between those responsible for clinical training, clinical instructors (CIs) and nurses, and the nursing students, have a great impact upon student learningÂ during clinical placements. The present study investigates the pattern of working relationships among CIs, nurses, and student nurses, and analyses the extent to which they achieve ideal mentoring practices.Methods: Qualitative study employing in-depth interviews with CIs (n=3), nurses (n=8), and nursing students (n=8) on a clinical placement was undertaken from June-July, 2017,Â at Badung District Hospital, Denpasar, Bali.Â Â Content analysis was conducted to identify the key themes that emerged from these interviews and formed the basis of the findings. The results are presentedÂ narrativelyÂ in order to highlight the patternsÂ of the working relationships identified and perceived by CIs, nurses, and nursing students, with the aim of developing improved mentoring practices.Results: Analysis of the in-depth interviews identified three main themes: (i) perceptionsÂ on the hospitalâ€™s mentoring practices, (ii) the role(s) andÂ behaviour in the mentoring process, and (iii) the patterns of working relationships between those involved in the mentoring process.Â In general, participants defined mentoring in terms of the provision of guidance and instruction to students.Â Participantâ€™s contrasting perceptions of their role(s) affected how they behaved in the mentoring process.Â Furthermore, participantâ€™s perceptions of their ownâ€™s roles and their behaviour provides a detailed overview of the working relationships pattern of the nursing students, nurses and CIs. Specifically, working relationships between CIs and nurses tend to fit an employee-employer type pattern, whereas those between CIs/nurses and nursing students do not appear to reflect typical mentor-mentee relationships.Conclusions: TheÂ pattern of working relationships identified between CIs/nurses and nursing students do not, in fact, reflect a typical mentor-mentee relationship.Â Furthermore, this paper highlights the impactÂ that suboptimal mentoring may have on nursing students' achievement of medical competence, as well as on the quality of nursing care provided to patients in teaching hospitals.
Classical Discourses of Liberation
Authors: O'Brien-Kop Karen
Published: September 2018

Conventionally, the label 'classical yoga' has been aligned with-and sometimes conflated with-the text of Patañjali's Yogasutra. Yet if we broaden the scope of inspection to a wider textual corpus, we can identify a richer and more complex discourse of classical yoga in soteriological contexts. This discourse is also employed in Buddhist Sarvastivada traditions and is semantically and metaphorically entangled across religious boundaries. By comparing passages from the Patañjalayogasastra and the Abhidharmakosabhasya, this article highlights the botanical image of the seed and its seedbed (the substratum) as a key metaphorical structure in the soteriology of the two texts.
The Yoga Sutra of Patanjali: A Biography, by David G. White
Authors: Powell Seth
Published: September 2018

The Yoga Sutra of Patanjali: A Biography, by David G. White. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014. xvii + 273 pp., $24.95. ISBN 978-0-691-14377-4 (hb).
THE INTENSITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN WOMEN WITH PRIMARY VARICOSE VEINS OF THE PELVIC DEPENDING ON THE STAGE OF THE DISEASE
Authors: Kolesnikova, Lyubov’ I. , Semendyaev Andrey A. , Stupin Dmitriy A. , Darenskaya Marina A. , Grebenkina [Lyudmila A. , Natyaganova Larisa V. , Danusevich Irina N. , Cherepanova Mariya A. , Kolesnikov Sergey I.
Published: September 2018

Background: Information about involvement of general nonspecific reactions, in particular lipid peroxidation processes, in the progression of varicose veins of the pelvic (VVP) in women is still too scarce. Aims: To study the intensity of processes of lipid peroxidation and the activity of components of the antioxidant system in women with primary varicose veins of the pelvic at different stages of the disease. Materials and methods: 167 women of reproductive age were examined ― 137 with VVP and 30 made up a control group. All patients with VVP were divided into 3 groups depending on stages of the disease. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods of investigation were used. The study was conducted during 2012−2017. Results: It was revealed that the level of primary products of lipid peroxidation, diene conjugates, increased statistically significantly according to the stage of the disease by 1.25 times (in the 1st stage), 1.51 times (in the II stage) and 1.59 times (in the III stage) values. Changes in the content of final TBA-active products showed similar changes-an increase in the mean values for all stages of the disease relative to control (in 1.24, 1.17, and 1.77 times, respectively). Activity of glutathione peroxidase increased in stage 2 of VVP (1.19 times), with the maximum increase in stage III (1.42 times); activity of glutathione-S-transferase increased 1.18 times in the II stage of the disease. The concentration of GSH in the clinical groups was characterized by lower values with respect to the control (by 1.22 times in the 1st stage, in 1.64 times in the II stage), with the maximum decrease of this parameter in the III stage of VVP (3.67 times). The level of catalase activity increased in the I stage of VVP ― by 1.18 times and decreased in the III stage ― by 1.14 times with respect to the control. The activity of SOD showed similar changes with catalase ― in the form of increased activity at the 1st stage (1.35 times higher) and decreased values for II (1.35 times lower) and III (1.65 times lower) for the stages of VVP to the values of control. Conclusions: At progression of primary VVP in women (from the initial stage to the 3rd stage of the disease), there is an increase in imbalance in the lipid peroxidation − antioxidant defense system. Moreover, if the compensatory increase in activity of antioxidant enzymes is registered at stage 1 of the disease, then the most of the antioxidant defense factors decreases as relative to control values, and the initial stages of the disease.
MOLECULAR REGULATION OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA BIOFILMS
Authors: Manzenyuk Oksana Y. , Firstova Victoria V. , Mukhina Tatiana N. , Shemyakin Igor G.
Published: September 2018

Nowadays healthcare-associated infections caused Pseudomonas aeruginosa remain actual problem due to P. aeruginosa resistance to a wide range of antimicrobials and its ability to form biofilms that are 1000 times more resistant to antibiotics than free-living (plankton) cultures. P. aeruginosa biofilms forming is regulated by Quorum Sensing (QS) communication system which is controlled by inhibitors (Quorum sensing inhibitors, QSIs). An essential role in stabilization of biofilms belongs to extracellular DNA (eDNA) as a structural polyanionic polymer whereas its genetic function is not applicable. In addition, internal signal molecules c-di-GMP, cascade Gac/Rsm also participate in formation of P. aeruginosa biofilms. A review provides a detailed description of the biofilm molecular regulation by means of QS inhibitors and QS modulators of signaling molecules QS.
PROMISING TARGETED THERAPIES GENES AND PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS OF GASTRIC CANCER
Authors: Kipkeeva Fatima M. , Muzaffarova Tatiana A. , Nikulin Maxim P. , Apanovich Pavel V. , Karpukhin Alexander V.
Published: September 2018

Understanding the molecular genetic features of gastric cancer (GC) and principally the functioning of signaling cascades involved in its occurrence and development is determining for identifying the most promising genes for targeted therapy. On this basis, development and consequent implementation of effective drugs and treatment regimens is conducted. The inductors of signaling paths, the main one of which is the mTOR pathway, and the functioning of the pathway are considered in details. mTOR inductors (angiogenesis factors, epidermal growth factor and their receptors) are most actively studied as therapeutic targets. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of stimulation and development of lymphangiogenesis where not all genes are discovered and examined yet. The possibility of achieving a significant therapeutic effect with simultaneous inhibition of the action of genes of angio- and lymphangiogenesis is considered. The review covers the administered target drugs and pharmaceuticals under investigation for GC therapy, including immunotherapy. The review provides details on the simultaneous activation of several genes ― potential targets of therapy and possible interactions in the development of the tumor process. As a result the combined effect of the simultaneous action of two or more factors can be detected. The possibility of maintaining the activated signaling cascade when one of the activated receptors is blocked in consequence of the action of another expressed receptor is also considered. The article presents information on development of drugs affecting several targets and on effectiveness of combined therapy with different targeted drugs. Essential effectiveness of GC therapy can be achieved by personified treatment including application of molecular classification. The review discusses the prognostic value of target and other genes expression, as well as GC subtypes according molecular classification.
Simultaneous extraction of RNA, DNA and protein from canine mast cell tumour and skin RNAlater-preserved biopsies v1
Authors: Biasoli Deborah , P. Starkey Michael
Published: September 2018

This protocol describes a method to perform simultaneous extraction of RNA (using the Qiagen's miRNeasy Mini Kit), genomic DNA and protein from canine mast cell tumour or canine skin biopsies (in the form of 3mm cubes) preserved in RNA-Later.
Arboplex II v1
Authors: Sevilla-Reyes Edgar
Published: September 2018

Detection of arbovirus RNA by a two-stage real-time RT-PCR coupled with high resolution melting curves. Firstly, the RNA is retrotranscribed and pre-amplified in a multiplex mastermix, then the product is diluted and taken into a medium-throughput, multiparallel nano real-time PCR, using the Biomark HD (Fluidigm) platform. The dissociation curve of any amplified product is compared to its respective control.
Quality of Argumentation Models
Authors: Kaewpet Chamnong
Published: September 2018

This study investigated the effectiveness of updated argumentation quality criteria. It evaluated the scale and quality of selected argumentation models judged by the new criteria. Effectiveness concerned content validity, reliability, and practicality of the criteria. The argumentation models were regarded as possessing good quality when they featured important elements in the criteria and received high scores. Five argumentation models were purposefully selected from an argumentative writing course. The models were evaluated by three evaluators with expertise in academic writing. Analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the quality criteria and scale. It addressed all important concerns in evaluation of argumentation; evaluation scores were in accordance with each other, and the important argumentation elements carried equivalent weight. Only three of the models received a quality score of 4 on a scale of 0 (null) to 5 (highest), because they did not feature all quality elements required by the criteria. The updated framework and argumentation models can be further employed for teaching, learning and evaluating argumentation.
The Reasons behind Inefficient English Language Teaching Practices in Saudi Universities
Authors: Ahmed Awwad Othman Abdelaziz
Published: September 2018

This empirical survey has been conducted to investigate the responses of both teachers and students of English Language Department to identify the reasons behind inefficient English language teaching (ELT) at the department. The study utilized quantitative tool of data collection. A 38-item Likert-scale structured questionnaire has been developed and administered to both sample groups: English faculty members at the Foreign Languages Department (FLD) and junior and senior English-major students of FLD. The data gathered from the questionnaire responses has been analyzed and descriptive statistics have been exploited to present the result of this survey. Both groups have agreed to each other related to issues given below: 1) interaction should be activated among students, 2) authentic teaching material should be provided in all classrooms, 3) students' standard is quite week when they take admission in FLD, 4) English language proficiency test should be a condition to promote to the next academic level and 5) remedial courses should be initiated in the department for the weaker learners. It is also found that lack a strict admission policy, learners’ examination-centered attitude and low motivation among students are also reasons in this regard as reported by the faculty. Recommendations have been given to develop the methods of teaching English in Saudi universities.
All-Cause Mortality for Life Insurance Applicants with a Family History of Coronary Artery Disease Before 60
Authors: Freitas Stephen A. , MacKenzie Ross , Wylde David N. , Von Bergen Jason , Holowaty J. Carl , Beckman Margaret , Rigatti Steven J. , Gill Stacy
Published: September 2018

Objective.—To determine the all-cause mortality of life insurance applicants having a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) before age 60.

Background.—Epidemiological studies have shown that a family history of premature CAD is an independent risk factor for CAD events. The strength of the association between family history and CAD is greatest with earlier age of presentation of CAD in the family member and when multiple family members are affected. Despite earlier insurance studies on this relationship, there is sparse current data on the association between family history of CAD and all-cause mortality in life insurance applicants.

Methodology.—Life insurance applicants with reported family history of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) were extracted from data covering United States residents between October 2009 and October 2016. Information about these applicants was matched to the Social Security Death Master (SSDMF) file for deaths occurring from 2009 to 2012 and to another commercially available death source file (Other Death Source, ODS) for deaths occurring from 2009 to 2016 to determine vital status. Actual to Expected (A/E) mortality ratios were calculated using the Society of Actuaries 2015 Valuation Basic Table (2015VBT), select and ultimate table (age last birthday). All expected bases were not smoker distinct. Confidence bands around these mortality ratios were calculated. The variables of interest were applicant age, gender, number of family members with CAD before age 60, and the presence of cardiac or cardiovascular conditions.

Results.—Overall, the mortality of applicants with family members with a history of CAD before age 60 was slightly lower than expected mortality based on the 2015 VBT. Applicants with a cardiac or cardiovascular comorbid condition had a significantly higher mortality ratio. For applicants aged 25-54 and 65-75 with cardiac comorbid conditions, the mortality ratio was 2 times that of those without a cardiac comorbid condition. For those aged 55-64 with cardiovascular comorbid conditions, the mortality ratio was 2.9 times that of those without a cardiovascular comorbid condition. Females had a slightly higher mortality ratio for all age groups, number of family members with CAD before age 60, and cardiovascular conditions.

Conclusion.—A family history of CAD before the age of 60 in an insurance applicant may be associated with increased all-cause mortality. Overall in this study, life insurance applicants had a mortality slightly lower than the expected mortality based on the 2015 VBT. However, applicants with a positive family history and a cardiac or cardiovascular comorbid condition had a significantly higher mortality ratio.
Editorial
Authors: Romero-González Zilath
Published: September 2018

The new academic challenges imposed by the globalization phenomenon demand improvement of regular publications that expose the research work developed within the organizations. Through this tool, the breakthrough of science’s different areas is progressively disseminated, with such publications’ scientific care and editorial being a support to the quality of the results therepublished. On the other hand, access to the magazine and its visibility online guarantees more penetration and diffusion thus crossing borders that would not allow to exchange information in real time in the past. As a result, the necessary knowledge to transform a society can now be generated.
Aproximación a una gerencia de marketing para el desarrollo sustentable del turismo en Venezuela
Authors: López Rojas Douglas Enrique , Hernández Ruiz Alma
Published: September 2018

Based on the marketing theories and applied management there is a theoretical model of differentiation and positioning of the municipality of Caroni as an ideal tourist town in the vision of the tour operators, artisans and other tourist service providers in this municipality; they will serve as grounds for the State in formulating the policies in this sector. Methodologically, it starts with the state of the art specialists’ bibliographic revision of the behavioral patterns and decision making in marketing as well as some theoretical applications of marketing and applied management. By using systematic criteria, the model’s predictors are formed by Marketing variables: Perceived Risk, Trust, Attitude and Intention, and some objective, subjective and organizational decision variables that by being measured through the empirical referents of these social stakeholders ratify the existence of a flow of information that through the constructs of perception penetrate and become learning constructs instilling the respondent to rather invest in the municipality of Caroni. Finally, it is established that the use or applicability of this theoretical-scientific model that would shape the vision of the social stakeholders in question will depend on the importance and procedural value given by the State planners since every effort made by the Higher education Institutions in promoting development demands commitment from all government authorities.
Estrategia para la defensa y ubicación de las fortificaciones de la plaza fuerte de cartagena de indias en el siglo xviii a partir de condiciones océano-atmósfera y variaciones morfológicas en la línea de costa
Authors: Gomez Pretel William , Carvajal Díaz Andrés Felipe
Published: September 2018

This article explores the expansion that the city of Cartagena de Indias had since the 18th century regarding its military defense infrastructure to ward off the British attacks. A detailed analysis of the ocean and atmosphere conditions is carried out by using modern space data coupling techniques to conduct a morphologic research of such an important port. In addition, it describes the main military constructions such as the Bocagrande submarine wall (La Escollera) built by Don Antonio de Arevalo in 1773. Such wall brought subsequent changes to the shoreline of Cartagena’s bay. This article addresses a multitemporal analysis of the coastline evolution done with the cartography compiled from the 1960´s up to these days; it describes how the Spanish Crown’s influence had a strong impact when deciding on the strategic military locations to guard the treasures garnered and stored in this port and how such fortifications have interacted with the geomorphologic changes along this important colonial city’s coastline.
Editorial
Authors: Romero-González Zilath
Published: September 2018

Research is an activity, which is inherent to mankind, it has granted us survival since ancient times. On their urge to discover, men and women from different eras and cultures have implemented research to solve their inquiries regarding their surroundings, usually with the purpose of contributing to a better world. In this way, we move forward by giving explanations to events, that our ancestors would explain by attributing them to magical powers from supernatural beings, and by using a methodology. Nevertheless, in order to advance in scientific research processes, a bigger step is required: in order to acquire this kind of knowledge we need a systematic, organized and verifiable process, led by a researcher on his urge to make science.
¿El principio de favorabilidad, una quimera en la tributación colombiana?
Authors: Peña Sánchez Alcides De Jesús
Published: September 2018

The present research work, based on the Colombian tax law, focus on learning and understanding the “Principle of Favorability”, which is defined as the principle that removes the principle of non-retroactivity of the law, always that the new law gives legal benefits to the tax payer and the community; therefore, the Constitutional Court permits that the constitutional principle of non-retroactivity is not absolute and find valid exceptions to its implementation. The development of the “Principle of Favorability” is not found in the Constitution from 1886, it has only flourished in the shadow of the Constitution of 1991 because of the developments in the law of the Constitutional Court; pronouncements which have been subjected to fierce resistance on the part of the State Council, which has set opposing positions to those of the Constitutional Court. The “Principle of Favorability” was created in the legal judgment C-527 of 1996, which is considered the founding judgment in the field.
Laparoscopic ovarian drilling in clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome patients
Authors: Sridhar M. , Susmitha Chillamherla
Published: September 2018

Background: Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder which commonly affects women in their reproductive age, often leading to anovulatory infertility. There has been a resurgence of surgical intervention with the advent of ovarian drilling. This study was performed to assess the surgical management for patients with PCOS resistant to hormonal therapy.Methods: A thorough history and demographic details were taken from all the patients. A detailed clinical examination, along with transvaginal sonography was done. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling was performed on the patients under general anesthesia.Results: Most of the women were in the 3rd decade of their life and majority of the women had attained menarche at 13 years. The chief complaint of the patients was irregular periods experienced by 80%. 44.4% of the patents had normal BMI, while 31.5% were underweight. Most of the patients (6.7%) showed no evidence of hyperandrogenism, while 20% had hirsutism, 11% had acne.Conclusions: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is quite prevalent among the women of reproductive age. The effective treatment for PCOS which are resistant to hormonal therapy is laparoscopic drilling of the ovaries which results in ovarian function.
Efecto de Trichoderma spp. y hongos fitopatógenos sobre el crecimiento vegetal y calidad del fruto de jitomate
Authors: Ruiz-Cisneros María Fernanda , Ornelas-Paz José De Jesús , Olivas-Orozco Guadalupe Isela , Acosta-Muñiz Carlos Horacio , Sepúlveda-Ahumada David Roberto , Pérez-Corral Daniel Alonso , Rios-Velasco Claudio , Salas-Marina Miguel Ángel , Fernández-Pavía Sylvia Patricia
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de tres especies de Trichoderma cuando se aplican solas y cuando se confrontan con tres fitopatógenos, sobre el crecimiento y calidad del fruto de jitomate. El sustrato de las plantas se inoculó con Trichoderma spp. solas y en confrontación con Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum y Phytophthora infestans. En planta, se determinó la altura y peso, longitud y peso de raíces, contenido total de clorofila en hojas y rendimiento. Los frutos se caracterizaron por color, peso, tamaño, sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable, firmeza y composición bromatológica. Las plantas inoculadas con Trichoderma, mostraron incrementos significativos en la mayoría de las variables de respuesta evaluadas, donde T. longibrachiatum promovió significativamente el crecimiento de la planta (altura ?13%) y el rendimiento (14%), obteniendo frutos con mayor acidez titulable y menor contenido de SST. Los patógenos redujeron el rendimiento (23%). El diámetro, firmeza y contenido de proteína en frutos, se incrementó con la inoculación de Trichoderma. El color y fibra en frutos no resultaron afectados por los tratamientos. Las cepas de Trichoderma, mostraron potencial para mejorar la calidad del fruto.
PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSTIK TERHADAP LEUKEMIA AKUT
Authors: Hartoyo Vinson , Kurniawan Andree
Published: September 2018

Leukemia akut merupakan jenis kanker yang paling sering ditemukan pada anak-anak, dengan angka kejadian sekitar 30 persen dari keseluruhan kasus keganasan pada anak-anak, dengan leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA) memiliki angka kejadian lima kali lebih sering daripada leukemia mieloblastik akut (LMA). Meskipun tata laksana dan regimen pengobatan untuk leukemia limfoblastik akut sudah lebih maju, angka harapan hidup pasien masih cukup rendah terutama pada kelompok pasien dengan usia awitan yang lebih tua (berkisar pada angka 40% pada kelompok umur lebih tua). Dilaporkan sebuah kasus pada seorang anak perempuan berusia 17 tahun yang datang dengan pendarahan dari hidung, telinga, gusi dan saluran cerna (melena dan hematemesis) sejak 3 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pemeriksaan darah dan apus darah tepi menunjukkan pansitopenia dengan hitung jenis 26% dominan limfosit, dan dengan persentase retikulosit 0.26% yang menunjukkan adanya kegagalan fungsi sumsum tulang. Pasien ini direncanakan untuk menjalani biopsi sumsum tulang sebelum akhirnya meninggal pada hari ketiga perawatan.
EMBOLI PARU
Authors: Octaviani Fidelia , Kurniawan Andree
Published: September 2018

Emboli paru merupakan salah satu kegawatdaruratan pada bidang kardiovaskular yang cukup sering terjadi dengan berbagai manifestasi klinis dari keadaan yang asimptomatik hingga keadaan yang mengancam nyawa. Insidensi terjadinya emboli paru pada populasi mencapai 23 per 100,000 penduduk dengan tingkat mortalitas mecapai 15%. Emboli paru dapat disebabkan oleh tromboemboli vena, emboli udara, lemak, cairan amnion, fragmen tumor, dan sepsis. Pemeriksaan ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy masih menjadi baku emas untuk menegakkan diagnosis emboli paru. Sedangkan pemeriksaan lain dapat dilakukan untuk membantu klinisi mendiagnosis kejadian emboli paru. Tatalaksana pada emboli paru akut harus dilakukan dengan segera dengan menggunakan antikoagulan seperti unfractioned heparin, LMWH atau vitamin K antagonis, dilanjutkan dengan trombolitik atau embolektomi apabila trombolitik tidak dapat dilakukan. 
A Planned Cesarean Section-Hysterectomy For Placenta Previa Totalis Percreta In Patient With History Of Two Cesarean Sections
Authors: Nainggolan Julita
Published: September 2018

The presence of placenta previa may be associated with placenta accreta[1].  Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality from placenta previa accreta are considerable and are associated with high demands on health resources. With the rising incidence of caesarean sections combined with increasing maternal age, the number of cases of placenta praevia and its complications, including placenta accreta, will continue to increase[2]. Here, we present a case of  placenta previa totalis percreta in previous cesarean section twice. In this case, patient with placenta previa totalis-percreta we diagnosed and prepared  proper management with the involvement of multidisciplinary team. We reduced blood loss by performing total abdominal hysterectomy immediately after delivered the baby and the postoperative course was uneventful.

Keywords: Cesarean Section-Hysterectomy, placenta accreta, placenta percreta, placenta previa
Third-Degree Atrioventricular Block in Clinically “Silent” Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Damay Vito
Published: September 2018

Third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block also termed complete heart block is present when there is complete absence of conduction between atria and ventricles. In adults the most common causes are acute myocardial infarction and age-related degeneration of conduction system. Incidence of conduction block is reported to be 25-30 % in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is 2 to 3 times as commonly associated with inferior than anterior infarction. Proper diagnosis involves noninvasive diagnostic tests (12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter ECG, or stress/exercise ECG).

Keywords: third-degree AV block, complete av block, acute myocardial infarction
Gambaran Dermal-Epidermal Junction Pada Bullous Pemphigoid Dan Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita
Authors: Budiman Caroline , Devi Mutia , Thaha HM Athuf
Published: September 2018

Epidermis and dermis of the skin attach each other because of the role of a structure which is called dermal-epidermal junction. The dermal-epidermal junction can be divided into three distinct zones named hemidesmosome-keratin intermediate filament complex, basement membrane, and anchoring fibril. Each part of the distinct zone has significant components for the integrity of the skin. Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune disorder caused by autoantibody against a 180-kDa molecule now called Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 2 (BPAG2) or type XVII collagen within basement membrane. To date, the patophysiology and the components of dermal-epidermal junction that induce the blister formation remain unclear. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is an autoimmune disease with sub-epidermal blistering associated with autoimmunity to the collagen within anchoring fibrils. The pathophysiology and etiology—again—remain unknown.
Tropical silviculture in dense African forests (Part 2)
Authors: Catinot René , Bossanyi Ilona
Published: September 2018

Dans la deuxième partie de l’article, l’auteur expose les méthodes sylvicoles employées dans la forêt dense d’Afrique à l’aide d’une régénération artificielle. La méthode « Taunguya » n’est pas très répandue dans les zones forestières. La méthode « Limba », employée au Congo, sert à établir une plantation de stumps (souches de jeunes plants) de limba (Terminalia superba) à intervalles de 6 à 9 m ou 12 à 14 m dans une forêt naturelle complètement détruite. Avec la méthode « Okoumé », utilisée au Gabon sur 16 000 ha, les arbres sont plantés à intervalles de 4 à 5 m par semis direct ou plantation de jeunes plants, ou après déforestation. La méthode « Martineau », utilisée en Côte d’Ivoire dans les années 1930, implique une plantation serrée (2 500 très jeunes plants par hectare) en forêt naturelle, avec une ouverture progressive lente de la canopée. La méthode des « Layons » est très extensive, et produit un enrichissement des peuplements par l’introduction de jeunes plants dans les layons par éclaircies de la forêt naturelle à 25 m d’intervalle (13 000 ha en Côte d’Ivoire). La méthode des « Placeaux » introduit de jeunes plants très serrés dans des carrés de forêt naturelle. Les arbustes concurrents et les arbres de la canopée sont progressivement et lentement éliminés.
Dan v življenju starejših odraslih: kaj jih osrečuje?
Authors: Kavčič Tina , Avsec Andreja
Published: September 2018

Namen pričujoče študije je raziskati, kako slovenski starejši odrasli (N = 84; 51 žensk in 33 moških, starih od 65 do 91 let) preživljajo svoj čas in kaj doživljajo preko naključnega dneva. Poleg tega je bil cilj preučiti tudi morebiten prispevek teh dejavnosti in njihovega doživljanja na subjektivno blagostanje starejših. Z uporabo Metode obnovitve dneva so udeleženci poročali, koliko časa v preteklem dnevu so se vključevali v posamezne dejavnosti, ocenili raven hedonskih (prisotnost pozitivnega in odsotnost negativnega čustvovanja) in eudaimonskih (smisel, osredotočenost, koristnost) izkušenj med vsako dejavnostjo ter ovrednotili splošno zadovoljstvo s tem dnevom. Udeleženci so nato poročali tudi o svojem splošnem čustvenem, psihološkem in socialnem blagostanju. Rezultati so pokazali ogromne medosebne razlike tako v rabi časa kot tudi v subjektivnem doživljanju različnih dejavnosti. Na splošno so se določene dejavnosti povezovale z blagostanjem starejših odraslih, čeprav rezultati nakazujejo, da je subjektivno doživljanje dejavnosti pomembnejše kot dejavnosti same.
The Caring Behaviors Inventory for Elders: Development and Psychometric Characteristics
Authors: Wolf Zane Robinson
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop the Caring Behaviors Inventory for Elders (CBI-E) and to establish its psychometric characteristics further. The 28-item CBI-E was framed by Watson’s theory of human caring. Aconvenience sample (N = 215) of elders and their caregivers (N = 138) completed the instrument. Psychometric analysis included item analysis, test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, contrasted groups construct validity, and factorial validity, using principal components analysis with varimax rotation. Preliminary construct validity was established. Five dimensions of the CBI-E were identified: attending to individual needs, showing respect, practicing knowledgeably and skillfully, respecting autonomy, and supporting religious/spiritual beliefs. Additional testing is warranted.
Patients’ Communication with Nurses: Relational Communication and Preferred Nurse Behaviors
Authors: Finch, Linda P.
Published: September 2018

Communication between a nurse and a patient is a shared process that forms the basis for the professional relationship that is foundational for enhancing patient care and affecting patient outcomes. Both hermeneutical and descriptive methodologies were used to examine nurse-patient communication dimensions and identify patient-preferred nurse behaviors. Patients in three age groups participated in an interview and survey questionnaire. Use of the Nurse-Patient Communication Assessment Tool recognized a one-dimension model of patient-nurse relational communication comprised of calm, comfortable, caring, interested, sincere, accepting, and respectful. Responses to the Health Communication Interview questionnaire identified preferred behaviors patients want and expect from nurses as caring, warm/friendly, professional, competent, empathy, listens, and honest/sincere.
Power as Authority—Concept Determination from a Christian and a Caring Science Perspective
Authors: Rundqvist, Ewa , Lindström, Unni Å.
Published: September 2018

The aim was to deepen the understanding and the knowledge of the concepts and phenomena of power and authority from the standpoint of caring science. An ontological determination of the character of the concepts is carried out where a hermeneutic interpretation is made of texts in the Old and the New Testaments in the Bible. The findings show how a human being’s power is the authority to hold every living thing in trust, to tend to and care for life. Serving one’s fellow-being is the purpose for anyone using this authority.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Modified CARE-Q Among Chinese Nurses in Taiwan
Authors: Lee, Mei-Hua , Larson, Patricia J. , Holzemer, William L.
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to modify the CARE-Q into a 7-point Likert scale to measure the perceived frequency of caring behaviors from the nurse’s perspective. Potential participants were asked to self-administer a Chinese version of the questionnaire. The agreement for the equivalence of meaning between the Chinese version and the original English version was rated as 96% accurate for the 50 items. Test-retest reliability was 0.803 for the modified CARE-Q tested at a 2-week interval. The internal consistency for an overall coefficient alpha was 0.97 for the total scale of the modified CARE-Q and ranged from 0.82 to 0.92 for the subscales. Study findings suggest further research to delete overlapping items. Testing with different samples is also warranted.education are discussed.
The Power of Reflective Practice in Second-Degree Nursing Education
Authors: Hobbs Keynan
Published: September 2018

This essay is a personal narrative of engagement with reflective practice as a seconddegree nursing student. Particular concepts discussed, through an exemplar from a student-led reflective practice group, include negotiations between human beings in nurse-patient/family/organization/society relationships and their inherent complexity, managing change, and the importance of finding continuity in both the physical and personal work of nursing. Reflective practice is also placed in context with other work that intends to make visible the tacit knowledge of nursing.