bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Vitamin E on Testicular Histology and Antioxidant Level in Rats Exposed to Bisphenol A
Authors: Akbaş Ayşe Büşra , Kum Şadiye
Published: November 2022

This study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of Vitamin E on testicular tissue and antioxidant levels in rats exposed to Bisphenol A. It was determined that the general histological appearances were similar in the control and sham groups, there was a decrease in tubule diameter in the BPA-treated group, but the seminiferous tubular epithelial layer increased. Epithelial shedding and subbasal vacuoles were detected in some tubules in the vitamin E group. Undifferentiated Embryonic Cell Transcription Factor 1 (UTF-1) positive tubule and cell counts were found to be quite high in the BPA group. The antioxidant parameter SOD value was found to be low in the BPA group and higher in the Vitamin E group. It was noted that the MDA value was higher in the BPA-applied group compared to the other groups. At the end of the study, it was determined that vitamin E applied against BPA exposure had positive effects on testicular histology and antioxidant levels in testicular tissue.
Chronic locked anterior shoulder dislocation with impaction of the humeral head onto the coracoid: a case report
Authors: Lander Richard D. , O’Donnell Marc J.
Published: November 2022

The glenohumeral joint is one of the most commonly dislocated joints. When dislocated, the humeral head typically moves anteriorly and medially within the soft tissues adjacent to the glenoid. We present a case of a 64-year-old female who presented with a locked anterior shoulder dislocation with impaction of the humeral head onto the coracoid. To our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of humeral head impaction onto the coracoid causing the shoulder dislocation to be irreducible by closed means. Complications of this dislocation can include humeral head deformity, pseudoparalysis, brachial plexus injury, and significant pain.
Normal ossification of the glenoid mimicking a glenoid fracture in an adolescent patient: a case report
Authors: Galán-Olleros María , Egea-Gámez Rosa M. , Palazón-Quevedo Ángel , Martínez-Álvarez Sergio , Suárez Traba Olga M. , Pérez Marta Escribano
Published: November 2022

A 13-year-old male was diagnosed with a glenoid fracture following direct shoulder trauma, for which surgical treatment was considered. After referral to a center for pediatric orthopedic care, physical examination, contralateral shoulder X-ray, and detailed computed tomography examination ruled out the presence of fracture; these findings were later confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Normal ossification patterns in the adolescent shoulder may simulate a fracture in traumatic settings. To accurately diagnose and manage pediatric shoulder pathology, orthopedic surgeons must be aware of the normal anatomy of the growing shoulder, its secondary ossification centers, and growth plates.
The Design and Implementation of a Libyan Salary Mobile Application using Flutter
Authors: Hassan Aeyman M.
Published: November 2022

Mobile applications have become widespread in many aspects of our daily lives. Many people do most of their work via their phones, such as online banking, shopping, etc. Due to many individuals being unaware of their salary details, this paper presents a design and implementation of a Libyan salary application” الراتب” using Flutter (cross-platform). The application allows users to know details of their salaries, including bonuses and deductions according to the salary schedule of each ministry or sector. The application currently contains salary schedules for ten ministries. The implementation consists of the following four steps: data collection of laws and payroll tables for each ministry to use as a local database for the salary application, design of friendly-use application screens using Flutter, integration of the mobile application with Firebase) backend platform by Google), and finally, preparing and deploying an Android and web version of the salary application. The results that were obtained from reviewers in the Google Play Store were satisfactory. There is an increasing local demand to add other ministries to the application. The citizens of the local community encourage providing such a service, which is considered the first of its kind. The application reached more than 100k downloads in less than a year, and the average rating is 4.5 out of 5 in the Google Play Store at the time of writing this paper.
Representation of Economic Growth in Cambodia with The ARDL Approach
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang,Indonesia, Priyanto Andik , Chanthavy Achariya ,   Royal University of Law and Economics, Cambodia
Published: November 2022

This study tries to find out how the long-term and short-term relationship between several variables related to economic growth such as CO2 emissions, internet literacy, and education in Cambodia. We use the World Bank as a supplementary source for statistics data, namely data from 2000 to 2020. We learn from our estimating findings that the elements we predicted, including economic development and internet literacy, have both long- and short-term associations, as well as economic growth and education, which in the short term internet literacy has a significant positive effect on economic growth. In line with that, the level of education also has a significant positive effect on economic growth. In contrast to the statistically significant inverse association between the economic growth variable for this year and the economic growth for the prior year, there is also a relationship between co2 emissions and economic growth. This shows that increasing internet literacy, in the short and long term will also increase economic growth, as well as education levels. In contrast, CO2 emissions have an inverse correlation with the gross domestic product which represents economic growth in Cambodia.
Investigation Of The Impact Of Exchange Rates, Interest Rates, Economic Growth, And Circulation Of Electronic Money On Inflation In Malaysia
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Askar Askar , Capdeville Chapuzet Amaury ,   Lycée Polyvalent Jean Monnet, France
Published: November 2022

This project intends to research the effects of the USD vs Malaysian Ringgit exchange rate, Malaysia's central bank interest rate, The growth of the economic in malaysia, the circulation for electronic money in Malaysia on inflation in Malaysia. Bank Negara Malaysia is a secondary data source for this investigation, global financial institution (IMF), also the World Bank with a monthly research period from January 2012 to January 2020. We use Model for Error Correction (ECM) model for the investigate some influence relationship at the long and short run.We found that a stronger USD further depresses the Malaysian ringgit and has an impact on increasing Malaysia’s inflation on the long and short run. When the Malaysian central bank interest rate are higher, the more it will push Malaysia’s inflation. And the higher economic growth in Malaysia, the more accelerating inflation at Malaysia, at long and the short run. However, some circulation of electronic money in Malaysia only has a short-term impact on inflation and in the long term the impact is not significant.
Z zakonom o arhivih določen dostop do arhivskega gradiva na Madžarskem
Authors: Lanščak Iva Lana
Published: November 2022

Namen prispevka je prikazati možnosti dostopa do arhivskega gradiva, ki ga hranijo arhivi na Madžarskem. Dostop do arhivskega gradiva je urejen z Zakonom o javnih listinah, javnih arhivih in varstvu zasebnega gradiva, ki je stopil v veljavo leta 1995. Pri pisanju prispevka se je avtorica osredotočala na prebiranje zakonov s področja arhivistike, ki veljajo na Madžarskem in ki urejajo dostop do arhivskega gradiva. Iz prispevka izvemo, kakšni so roki dostopnosti arhivskega gradiva, ki ga hranijo arhivi na Madžarskem, v katerih primerih je gradivo nedostopno in kakšne zahteve morajo biti izpolnjene na podlagi zakona o arhivih, da se lahko dostopa do arhivskega gradiva.
In the Service of People: Ethics of access and the European Union historical archives
Authors: Schlenker Dieter
Published: November 2022

In 1996, the International Council on Archives adopted a Code of Ethics for Archivists. Article 6 of the Code calls for the widest possible access to archives and impartial services to all users as guiding prerogatives for archives. Coupled with the ICA’s Principles of Access to Archives, the role of archivists in providing access to archives has been well defined internationally.
This paper analyses the international ethical frame for access outlined by the International Council on Archives and confronts its prerogatives with the access rules and practice at the Historical Archives of the European Union (HAEU). The HAEU operates in a transnational context with multilingual holdings and a broad geographic user scope, coupled with the need for digital access to finding aids and archival material.
The role of the archives in digital transformation of the state and society. Tasks, activities, expected results
Authors: Marosz Magdalena
Published: November 2022

The recently prepared Strategy for the development of national archives for the years 2021-2030, describes the methods and activities by which Polish national archives will try to influence the digital transformation of the state and the society. Two main courses of action were set up: the progress of computerization of processes of documenting public administration’s activities and the increase of digital competences of the society.
The constant development of the Archive of Electronic Documents (ADE) system is to ensure - in addition to securing electronic documents - the preservation of the context of creating given documentation, its availability, information, logical integrity and the possibility of making it available to the public in the long term.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Scrapbook pada Materi Organ Gerak Hewan untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas 5 SD Negeri Harjosari 01 Bawen
Authors: Santoso Gabriella Rena , Harjono Nyoto
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media Scrapbook pada pembelajaran IPA tentang materi organ gerak hewan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, kuisioner, dan tes. Analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli materi dan media, serta hasil uji efektivitas media melalui uji-t. Terbukti bahwa Scrapbook efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa SD kelas 5 khususnya terkait materi organ gerak hewan. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil rata-rata validasi materi 88% dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Hasil rata-rata validasi media 91,6% dengan kategori sangat tinggi dan hasil rata-rata penilaian observer 88,8%. Hasil uji-t sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, yang berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Diterimanya Ha berarti bahwa ada perbedaan rata-rata antara hasil belajar pretest dengan posttest yang artinya ada pengaruh dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Power Point pada Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas 3 Tema 8 Praja Muda Karana Subtema 2 Aku Anak Mandiri untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar
Authors: Nugrahani BrigitaBrigita Onny Arum , Winanto Adi
Published: November 2022

Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang menggunakan teknologi masih terbatas, Peserta didik membutuhkan media pembelajaran inovatif yang mampu mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran aktif dan menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengetahui validitas media pembelajaran intersaktif berbasis powerpoint serta mengetahui efektifitas produk menumbuhkan minat belajar peserta didik dalam belajar. model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D), Pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis power point dikembangkan dengan model RnD oleh Sukmadinata. Terdapat 3 tahap, 1) Studi Pendahuluan;2) Pengembangan produk; dan ke 3) Pengujian produk. Penelitian ini dilakukan sampai uji terbatas. Kelayakan media dari validator media mendapat presentase 91,67% dengan kategori sangat layak dan validator materi mendapat presentase 91,67% dengan kategori sangat layak, dan hasil uji terbatas penilaian guru mendapatkan presentase sebesar 91,25% dengan kategori sangat layak dan uji terbatas dengan peserta didik mendapatkan presntase sebesar 94,25% dengan kategori sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil validitas dan uji terbatas media dinyatakan sangat layak dan dapat di aplikasikan dalam pembelajaran di sekolah.
Deposit Mobilization of Vietnam Commercial Banks in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic: Current Situation and Issues
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phuong Lien
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the current situation of deposit mobilization of Vietnamese commercial banks in the two years 2020 - 2021 (with comparison with the period before the COVID-19 pandemic) with considerations of growth rate and deposit structure, interest rates, products and mobilization channels. On the basis of assessing the current situation of deposit mobilization and the problems in deposit mobilization of Vietnamese commercial banks, the author of the article proposes some recommendations to commercial banks and regulatory agencies to improve deposit mobilization of Vietnamese commercial banks and meet the demand for capital use and safety of the banking system during the economic recovery period and in response to impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of The Covid-19 Pandemic on Loan Growth of Commercial Banks in Vietnam
Authors: Le Hoang Vinh , Nguyen Hoang Minh , Nguyen Thai Thanh , Nguyen Phuoc Bao Thanh
Published: November 2022

The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on loan growth of commercial banks in Vietnam. The authors used the purposive sampling method, and selected the research sample, consisted of 25 commercial banks in the period of 12 years, from 2010 to 2021. The regression results according to GLS and Robust FEM showed that the Covid-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the loan growth of commercial banks. This relationship implied that the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic reduces the repayment capacity and creates barriers for companies and citizens to access bank credit, the decrease in capital needs of companies and people during the Covid-19 crisis is the reason why commercial banks have reduced lending, and the Government needs to focus on assessing the effectiveness of expansionary monetary policies through bank credit channels in the context of the pandemic crisis.
Tjelesna aktivnost studenata Sveučilišta u Rijeci
Authors: Hlača Eva , Lulić Drenjak Jasna
Published: November 2022

Tjelesna aktivnost neophodan je dio svakodnevnog života. Ovo istraživanje se provelo anonimnom online anketom na 388 studenata Sveučilišta u Rijeci. Istraživanje je pokazalo da su studenti Sveučilišta u Rijeci većinom nedovoljno tjelesno aktivni te da su studenti područja Biomedicine i zdravstva statistički značajno manje tjelesno aktivni od studenata područja Prirodnih i Tehničkih znanosti te Društvenih i Humanističkih znanosti. Većina ispitanika smatra tjelesnu aktivnost važnom, ali ne postoji statistički značajna razlika o percepciji važnosti među studentima različitih područja studija. Većina ispitanika osjeća se bolje nakon redovite tjelesne aktivnosti.
Tjelesna aktivnost i sport kroz povijest umjetnosti
Authors: Bilić Nina
Published: November 2022

Tjelesna aktivnost sastavni je dio ljudskog života od početka čovječanstva. O tome svjedoče i brojna nalazišta špiljskih oslika u razdoblju prastarog vijeka u Španjolske, Francuske ali i diljem cijele Europe. Na tim mjestima možemo pronaći slike koje prikazuju prve aktivnosti nužne za preživljavanje- lov koji se ostvarivao kroz streljaštvo, trčanje, bacanje kamena i koplja… Nadalje, u periodu drevnih civilizacija, Egipćani se od fizičkih aktivnosti najviše bave plesom, gimnastikom, loptanjem ali i opuštenom tjelovježbom. Ti su prikazi vidljivi iz brojnih zidnih oslika koje se nalaze u egipatskim grobnicama i hramovima. Vrhunac prikazivanja sporta i sportaša dosiže se u periodu antike- starih Grka i Rimljana. Grci su umjetnosti pridonijeli sa kipovima sportaša Diskobola i Dorifora koji su izrađeni u mramoru, dok su Rimljani svoje fizičke aktivnosti više naznačivali kroz ostatke arhitekture iz njihovog perioda, budući da su od skulptura uglavnom kopirali grčke kipove, a kasnije prikazivali kraljeve i careve.
Povijest sporta u antičkom Rimu
Authors: Pavlović Tara
Published: November 2022

Cilj ovog rada je prikazati povijest sporta u antičkom Rimu. Za vrijeme vježbanja Rimljani su nosili sportsku odjeću koja podsjeća na današnji kupaći kostim. Sačuvan je mozaik na Siciliji koji prikazuje Rimljanke kako vježbaju u sportskoj odjeći. Osim opisa sportske odjeće u radu je prikazana higijena i prehrana drevnih rimskih sportaša. Poznato je da su se sportaši čistili prekrivajući svoja tijela uljem i stružući mrtve stanice kože alatom zvanim strigil. Najpoznatije rimske igre bile su gladijatorske. Većinom su gladijatori bili robovi, međutim bilo je i slobodnih ljudi koji su se željeli baviti tom opasnom profesijom.
Editorial
Authors: Xu Yina
Published: November 2022

Have you heard of metaverse? Everyone knows what is the universe, but what is the metaverse? As we can see, the metaverse comprises two parts: meta and universe.
Application of augmented reality, gamification and m-learning
Authors: Claros-Perdomo Danna-Camila , Millán-Rojas Edwin-Eduardo , Gallego-Torres Adriana-Patricia
Published: November 2022

Augmented reality, gamification and m-learning occupy today an important place in education, given the advantages that the use of mobile technologies has brought, independently or in combination with other technological scenarios and different devices that affect the teaching and learning of disciplines or that serve as a bridge to improve various processes mediated by ICT in teaching and/or learning. In this sense, the article presented here shows an analytical study that was developed under an exploratory, descriptive and interpretative methodology of the categories augmented reality, gamification and m-learning, based on a characterization in the databases, a literature review was conducted in the main databases such as Science direct, Scopus and web Science, obtaining 100 reference articles. Thus, it was found that these three categories determined as teaching strategies significantly influence motivation, interest in knowledge, retention and understanding of information for the development of teaching and learning processes. The method used allowed to develop the description of the panorama about the use of augmented reality, m-learning and gamification in elementary, middle and higher education.
Editorial
Authors: Johnson Jade
Published: November 2022

The metaverse is a digital landscape that participants can use to build their own virtual environments, and the Augmented reality (AR) technique has a certain degree of power, convincing your brain that those elements really exist in your environment.
Automatic detection of colorectal polyps using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Gómez-Zuleta Martín Alonso , Cano-Rosales Diego Fernando , Bravo-Higuera Diego Fernando , Ruano-Balseca Josué André , Romero-Castro Eduardo
Published: November 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in Colombia and the world. These neoplasms originate in adenomatous lesions or polyps that must be resected to prevent the disease, which can be done with a colonoscopy. It has been reported that during colonoscopy polyps are detected in 40% of men and 30% of women (hyperplastic, adenomatous, serrated, among others), and, on average, 25% of adenomatous polyps (main quality indicator in colonoscopy). However, these lesions are not easy to observe due to the multiplicity of blind spots in the colon and the human error associated with the examination. Objective: to create a computational method for the automatic detection of colorectal polyps using artificial intelligence in recorded videos of real colonoscopy procedures. Methodology: public databases with colorectal polyps and a data collection built in a University Hospital were used. Initially, all the frames of the videos were normalized to reduce the high variability between databases. Subsequently, the polyp detection task is done with a deep learning method using a convolutional neural network. This network is initialized with weights learned on millions of national images from the ImageNet database. The weights of the network are updated using colonoscopy images, following the tuning technique. 
Virtual reality as a tool for basic and vocational education
Authors: Regivaldo Sousa Ferreira , Rogério Aparecido Campanari Xavier , Alex Sandro Rodrigues Ancioto
Published: November 2022

This article is a contribution to the study of the implementation of virtual reality as a tool for teaching and learning processes, especially in the field of basic and professional education. For this purpose, virtual reality is analyzed as an alternative to ensure the quality of the educational process, especially urgent in view of the current situation of physical distancing due to the pandemic. This research investigates already published works whose contributions can be considered adaptive, which have been developed and applied in basic and professional education environments, and which have managed to demonstrate effective results in the educational process. As a conclusion, the potential of virtual reality as an educational tool is evidenced, although it is not always the most appropriate, so its use must be carefully evaluated and defined.
The non-consensus of the “metaverse” economy
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zheng Yangyang
Published: November 2022

This paper attempts to clarify the main economic logic of the metaverse from an economic methodology, showing that the virtual digital economic activities of the metaverse cannot be separated from the real economy, exploring the boundary between the metaverse and the real world, and suggesting that the metaverse essentially needs to be constructed by relying on the real social structure and economic logic, and that there is no consensus with its completely decentralized concept. The increase in the realistic match or realisation of the metaverse is the result of long-term social evolution, and decentralisation is not a sufficient necessary condition for the development of the metaverse, which should be based on the central bank’s digital RMB to build a metaverse financial infrastructure. This paper also discusses the current status and development path of technology applications and industrial investments for realising the metaverse. In the primary stage of the metaverse economy, infrastructure hardware and software and underlying technologies and their related applications will be prioritised for development; games and business service experience applications have more room for development, while social and other content applications are subject to personal information protection and ideological constraints and will be steadily and orderly promoted.
The “lost kids” in Metaverse: How video games could serve as the platform for the next-generation P4C
Authors: Jiang Yuhui
Published: November 2022

There have always been two opposing positions on the relationship between games and learning. Popular opinion has been vocal about the negative effects of games, but the emerging trend of game-based learning holds games up as the true future of learning. Rather than making hasty assertions about the two, this paper first attempts to return to a philosophical definition of the spirituality of play, and then to reflect on and weigh the pros and cons of game-based learning. While gamification enhances the learning environment and experience in all its aspects, the fundamental problem of ‘external over internal’ prevents it from truly realizing the ultimate concept of children’s philosophy that Lippmann sought, namely to lead children to an active search for the meaning of their own existence. The arrival of the Metaverse seems to have provided the opportunity for this change. On the one hand, it greatly overcomes the shortcomings of gamified platforms, thus bringing philosophical survival and gamified learning closer together and opening the possibility of reconfiguring education with a philosophy at its core. But on the other hand, the Metaverse is not perfect; on the contrary, the monitoring of upgrades, the total datafication of people, and even the inequality of “mediated passivity” are all issues and challenges for the future educators of philosophy for children.
Metaverse: The latest sign of human existence
Authors: Shen Xiangping
Published: November 2022

The explosion of the “metaverse” provides an opportunity to reflect on the impact of intelligent digital virtual technology on contemporary humanity. While the metaverse opens new worlds of possibility for humanity, the extreme reality. The world and the people in it have been rewritten as a result of the inversion of reality and the obscuring of so-called “augmented reality”, which has led to the retreat of the original reality. In the metaverse, the world is grasped more by perceptual perceptions, the objects are informational and symbolic ideas, and the subjects of grasp are increasingly becoming twin digital doppelgangers, digital beings. The metaverse will bring about the tribalization of public life and the territorialization of public space. The construction of a metaverse order is essentially a governance of the human imagination, which will require a shift in political philosophy. The metaverse is the inevitable consequence of the so-called “humanization” of technology. The increasing “staying” and “involution” of people in the world of intentionality, their domination by instrumental reason, their anti-intellectualization and their dumbing down, all of which are the paradox of “human, too human”. The interaction between individual intentionality and extensiveness, as well as the risk of serious consequences brought by technological innovation, make the individual’s free choice involve problems, so we must appeal to re-moralization, and the basis of re-moralization is individual cultivation. Philosophic workers should not only keep an open attitude, but also keep a thinking attitude towards the metaverse.
The metaverse and its influence and transformation on human society
Authors: Pu Qingping , Xiang Wang
Published: November 2022

In 2021, the metaverse was born, becoming a stimulant in the capital market and the focus of heated discussions in academia. However, there are different opinions on how to define the metaverse. This study defines the metaverse as: supported by the Internet, artificial intelligence, and blockchain technology, the virtual world and the real world are coupled together through information and communication technology and smart devices, and a realistic mirror world that integrates virtual and real is constructed and recreated according to one’s own subjective imagination. Compared with traditional cyberspace and physical space, the metaverse has distinctive features such as technological superposition, fusion of virtual and real, embodied immersion and real-time interactivity. Just like the birth of the Internet more than 30 years ago, the metaverse will profoundly influence and change human society and form a new form of human civilization. In order to ensure that the metaverse can play the role of “benefiting” in human society rather than instigating the crisis of “alienation”. Refinement and improvement of the underlying technologies to ensure the smooth implementation of the metaverse and energy-saving applications, and the establishment and consolidation of the top-level system to prevent the metaverse from violating morality and laws are important issues and mission responsibilities that the metaverse builders should consider.
Education metaverse: Innovations and challenges of the new generation of Internet education formats
Authors: Zhai Xuesong , Chu Xiaoyan , Wang Minjuan , Zhang Ziwei , Dong Yan
Published: November 2022

In the post-epidemic era, the shape of education has undergone significant changes, evolving continuously towards large-scale, digital, virtualized and intelligent. The metaverse has been described as the third Internet revolution, a virtual society and social network that mirrors real scenarios through a decentralized architecture. Education is the main industry scenario and innovation channel of the metaverse, and conducting research on the education metaverse is an important way to seek the path of high-quality education development, reshape the relationship between education subjects, and solve social issues such as educational equity. However, the future of the metaverse, the challenges it will face and the social implications it will have need to be considered in the light of the “hot hype”. From the perspective of technology-society interconstruction, this study analyses the background and theoretical foundation of the educational metaverse, its characteristics and application cases, with the aim of clarifying the ecological structure of the educational metaverse. The study concludes with a critical reflection on the challenges posed by the education metaverse in terms of data maintenance, digital copyright and capital coercion, in order to explore the laws of education under the new Internet education model.
Epidemiological Aspects of Age and Genotypical Occurrence of HPV Infection Among Females of Canton Sarajevo Over a 10-year Period
Authors: Gavrankapetanovic Fatima , Sljivo Armin , Dadic Ilma
Published: November 2022

Background: Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are one of the most prevalent causes of cervical, anal, and oral cancer, and it is believed that nearly all sexually active males and females have been infected with HPV at some point in their lives. Objective: The purpose of this study is to highlight epidemiological characteristics of the age and genotypical incidence of HPV infection among females in Canton Sarajevo during a 10-year period. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the period between January 2012 and December 2021 at the medical institutions “Zavod za Ginekologiju, Perinatologiju i Neplodnost “Mehmedbašić“ among females who were admitted for a routine gynecological exam in Canton Sarajevo in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results: In total, 1517 patients who reported typical sexarche at 18.35±1.92, having one 721 (47.5%) sexual partner, regular use of contraceptive methods 820 (54.5%) with male condom 513 (62.6%) being the dominant choice of contraception and having gynecological hereditary oncological positive history 141 (9.3%), were included in the study from which 653 (43.05%) patients had positive HPV test and 864 (56.95%) had negative HPV results. HPV positive patients, 386 (59.1%) were infected either with one type of virus only, while 267 (40.9%) patients were infected with multiple virus strains where we have identified 166 virus strain combinations. Analysis showed that the patients infected by only one virus strain were one of next specific HPV viruses: 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68. HPV-16 was the predominately strain 16 (22.5%) identified among all the patients. Mean age of HPV positive patients was 33.38±7.85, ranging from 18 to 61 years. Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of the most frequent HPV high-risk strains (HPV-16, -18, -31.-33,-45,-52, and -58) among the Bosnia and Herzegovina population as one of the most common cancer-causing strains worldwide.
Metabolic adverse drug reactions in geriatric patients in Odisha
Authors: Dehury Suhasini , Sahoo Satyabrata , Maharana Dhirendra , Mohapatra Namita
Published: November 2022

Background: Geriatric patients are at a greater risk of developing adverse drug reaction (ADR) because of changed metabolic activity and renal status associated with aging. As most of the elderly patients suffer from multiple chronic diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension, Arthritis, constipation, peptic ulcer disease, etc.), they are under polypharmacy and the risk of ADRs is exacerbated by multiple medications. Metabolic ADRs include weight gain, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and the endocrinal abnormality are the frequent cause of hospital admission in geriatric patients. Most metabolic ADRs due to drugs are treatable. There are few such studies conducted in India regarding metabolic ADR in geriatric patients. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the metabolic ADRs encountered in geriatric patients with the following objectives in Odisha.

Aim and Objectives: The prevalence and spectrum of metabolic ADRs in geriatric population were studied. The causality assessment, severity assessment, and preventability were done using standard scales.

Materials and Method: This was a prospective and observational study conducted from September 2016 to September 2018 in Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of Geriatric Medicine and Department of Medicine of SCB Medical College and Hospital. All geriatric patients (≥60 years) with ADR, reporting to the above departments, were included in the study. The detailed information of type of ADRs and its characteristics was filled up in Suspected ADR Reporting Form designed by Indian pharmacopeia commission version 1.3. The incidence and spectrum of metabolic ADRs were observed. Their causality, severity, and preventability were evaluated by the WHO-UMC System, Hartwig’s Severity Scale, and Schumock Thornton Preventability Scale, respectively.

Result: A total of 236 ADRs were reported in 2 years, out of which 28.8% were metabolic ADRs. Metabolic ADRs were more reported in young old patients and often encountered ADR was hypoglycemia 73.5% due to use of oral anti diabetics. About 29% of the metabolic ADRs had a causal relation of probable association. About 94.2% were moderate in severity and 89.7% metabolic ADRs could be probably preventable.

Conclusion: There was a probable causal association of metabolic ADR with the drug used and they were moderate verity. The metabolic ADRs found in our study can be preventable with appropriate means.
A three years retrospective study on the nature and cause of ocular dermoids in cross-bred calves
Authors: Alam M , Rahman and
Published: November 2022

αNature and cause of ocular dermoids were investigated by field studies, pedigree analysis, clinical examination and light microscopy. It was determined that ocular dermoids in cross-bred calves are genetically-transmitted defects. Calves typically were affected unilaterally or bilaterally with multiple, connected ocular growths that clinically and histologically mimicked normal haired skin. Sites most commonly involved included ventro-lateral limbus, third eyelid, medial canthus, eyelid and conjunctiva. Centro-corneal and anterior segmental dermoids were also observed. It is postulated from this study that bilateral ocular dermoids are genetically-transmitted defects in Hereford cattle. Characteristics of both autosomal recessive and polygenic inheritance were observed. However, mode of inheritance and role of environment in the pathogenesis of these peculiar and important developmental defects remain undefined. Extensive breeding trials utilizing superovulation, embryo transfer, and pre-terminal caesarean section as well as further field studies might be mandatory to confirm sex incidence, significance of associated somatic defects, role of environment in phenotypic expression, and mode of transmission of ocular dermoids in cross-bred calves.
Ankyloglossia and its surgical correction by frenuloplasty in a she-camel calf (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Purohit S
Published: November 2022

A rare case of ankyloglossia in a one-humped camel and its successful surgical correction by horizontal to vertical frenuloplasty is reported. Seven-month-old she-camel calf, with a history of excessive salivation and inability to chew and swallow hay, was referred to Al Qattara veterinary hospital. Solid food was regurgitated, whereas milk and water could be swallowed. On examination; the animal could not protrude its tongue which was attached by a thin tissue band between the ventral surface of the tongue and the floor of the oral cavity. The tissue band was corrected by frenuloplasty and the incisions were sutured. The animal recovered well as the salivation and regurgitation stopped and the animal became able to chew and swallow solid food including hay. It was concluded that ankyloglossia can occur in one-humped camel in which a horizontal to vertical frenuloplasty may improve full function of tongue movement.
Determining nutrients degradation kinetics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) straw using nylon bag technique in sheep
Authors: Golshani A , Sis N , Hasanzadeh A , Dizaji A , Sharaf A
Published: November 2022

Straw a by-product from grain legume crops is produced in large quantities in Iran. Straw is constant component of ruminant diets on small holder farms; however, there is little information about its nutritive value. Accordingly experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition and ruminal organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) degradability of chickpea straw using nylon bags (in situ) technique. Replicated samples were incubated at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours in three rumen canulated Ghezel rams with 50±3 kg body weight. Dry matter (DM), CP, ether extract (EE), OM, crude fiber (CF) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) content of chickpea straws were 92.2, 6.1, 5.5, 92.0, 34.3 and 46.2%, respectively. The soluble fraction (a) of the OM and CP of chickpea straw was 17.5 and 40.8% and potential degradability (a+b) of OM and CP was 56.7 and 72.0%, respectively. Effective degradability at different passage rates (2, 5 and 8% per hours) for OM was 51.0 44.9 and 40.7% and for CP were 68.4, 64.3 and 61.3%, respectively. In conclusion, based on chemical composition and degradation characteristics, chickpea straw could have moderate nutritive value for ruminants.
Trypanosoma evansi: A clinical, parasitological and immunological evaluation of trypanosomosis using a chronic rabbit model
Authors: Iglesias J , Eleizalde M , Mendoza E
Published: November 2022

We evaluated the clinical, parasitological and immunological effects of a Venezuelan strain of Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) throughout in experimentally inoculated rabbits over the course of infection and compared them with the same aspect in healthy animals. Body temperature was recorded in degrees Celsius, animal weight in kilograms, serum proteins in g/dl using a refractometer, haematocrit percentage by capillary centrifugation and the anti-T. evansi IgG titer by indirect ELISA immunoassay, from both infected animals and controls for 95 days. Infected animals showed a higher body temperature, total serum protein and anti- T. evansi antibody titer, and a lower haematocrit and weight gain than controls. These differences were related to the presence of the parasites in the blood as detected micro-haematocrit centrifugation technique (MHCT) and direct microscopic examination (DME). This study confirms the usefulness of rabbits as a model for the study of trypanosomosis; the clinical features of the disease can be observed and the three characteristic stages, prepatent period, acute and chronic phase clearly defined over the course of the infection
Histopathological changes induced by paraquat on some tissues of gourami fish (Trichogaster trichopterus)
Authors: Banaee M , Zoheiri M
Published: November 2022

Paraquat is a contact and non-selective herbicide which is used for controlling a wide range of terrestrial weeds and aquatic plants. A long-term contact with this xenobiotic can potentially lead to injuries in fishes as live non-target organisms. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of sub-lethal toxicity of paraquat on the pathology of gill, liver, and spleen tissues in gourami fish (Trichogaster trichopterus). In this study, sub-lethal concentration is determined based on lethal concentration (LC50 : 7.16±0.69, 4.46±0.43, 2.19±0.27 and 1.41±0.17 mg/l of paraquat within 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, respectively). The experiment was done with four varied concentrations of paraquat (0.0, 0.07, 0.15, and 0.3 mg/l equal 0.0%, 5%, 10% and 20% of nominal value of 96 h LC50) during 3 weeks. The exposed ?sh displayed erratic swimming and became lethargic. The changes in gills were characterized by hypertrophy, epithelial, epithelium increase of gill filament, edema and secondary gill lamella. The liver showed hypotrophy of liver cells, cloudy swelling and formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in the liver tissue of fish treated with 0.15 and 0.3 mg/l concentrations of paraquat. Disorder in the ellipsoid cell and hemosiderin accumulation in melano-macrophage centers was observed in the spleen tissue of fish exposed to 0.15 and 0.3 mg/l of paraquat.
The effects of addition of omega-3, 6, 9 fatty acids on the quality of bovine chilled and frozen-thawed sperm
Authors: Kandelousi M , Arshami J , Abavisani A , No author No author
Published: November 2022

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3, 6, 9 fatty acids on the characteristics of bovine chilled and frozen-thawed semen. For this purpose, oil containing different levels of omega-3, 6, 9 fatty acids were added to semen extender. To emulsify the oil in semen extender, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added as a suitable solvent and the solution was finally sonicated. Five proven Holstein bulls were randomly selected and their ejaculates were collected using an artificial vagina. Groups were designed as control, treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4. The control group contained only the basic extender (Tris-citrate buffer, egg yolk and glycerol) without any additives. In treatment 1, only 5% PEG was added to the diluent; while in treatments 2, 3 and 4 different concentrations of omega-3, 6, 9 fatty acids (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0%) in combination with PEG were added to the basic extender. After dilution, the semen samples were packaged into 0.5 ml straws, a process that was followed by cooling the semen straws. Motility, viability and morphology of semen samples were evaluated after 24 and 48 h of storage in refrigerator (5 °C) or after one month of storage in the liquid nitrogen. Immotility was increased and all the other parameters including motility, viability and morphology were significantly decreased in all the groups compared with fresh samples during cold storage and freezing-thawing. Our results demonstrated the following: 1) PEG has significant detrimental effects, especially on the sperm motility; 2) addition of omega-3, 6, 9 fatty acids could not improve the sperm motility in chilled storage condition and after freezing-thawing; and 3) omega-3, 6, 9 fatty acidscould not also attenuate the other deleterious effects of PEG. In conclusion, our findings reveal that addition of these fatty acids to the semen extender does not enhance the resistance of the bovine sperm membrane to cooling and freezing-thawing and that further studies are required to find suitable candidate compounds that can boost the quality of semen that is chilled and freeze-thawed.
Non-invasive assessment of equine muscular function: A case study
Authors: Riis K , No author No author , Harrison A , Olesen and
Published: November 2022

Assessment of muscle function after an injury or during recovery is of great importance in the veterinary field. Accelerometry, bioimpedance analysis and mechanomyography/acoustic myography have been used to assess human muscular problems, but have not been applied to the veterinary clinic. We report the clinical use of these techniques in a 12-year-old Danish Warmblood horse presenting with recurring and shifting lameness. Acoustic myography, assessing both the amplitude and frequency of active muscles, was employed to locate the specific area of muscle injury, the right hip, which exhibited minimal fibre recruitment giving rise to considerable weakness. This specific region was assessed by accelerometry which revealed a normal step interval for the injured leg when compared with the contralateral, but a weaker acceleration and strike force. Finally, an assessment of muscle resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) using bioimpedance confirmed a regional loss of muscle mass and a loss of cellular integrity compared with the contralateral limb.
Corprological and haematological parameters of albino mice (Mus musculus) concurrently infected with Heligmosomoides bakeri and Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Onyeabor A , Wosu M , Ohaeri and
Published: November 2022

The effect of concurrent infection with Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei) and Heligmosomoides bakeri (H. bakeri) was investigated in this study. Thirty adult male albino mice were used for the study. The mice were divided into six groups of five mice each. Group 1 served as uninfected control, Groups 2 and 3 were infected with H. bakeri and T. brucei respectively, Group 4 received both T. brucei and H. bakeri on the same day, Group 5 was experimentally infected with H. bakeri three days after T. brucei infection, while Group 6 was infected with T. brucei three days after H. bakeri infection. Blood and faecal samples were collected and analyzed weekly to determine the faecal egg counts (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV) and level of parasitaemia (LP). Weekly body weights (BW) were also recorded. FEC and parasitaemia increased in all the infected groups during the study, but these were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the multiple-infection (groups 4, 5 and 6) than those with the single infection (groups 2 and 3). The same trend was also observed in the BW and PCV (p<0.05). The level of infection produced by single infection with T. brucei and H. bakeri respectively were similar (p<0.05). All treatment groups were significantly (p<0.05) different from the control group. From the results, it was concluded that concurrent helminth and protozoan parasite infections produced more deleterious effect on the host when compared with single infection with either parasite. However, the pathology produced by concurrent infection was more severe when the host was exposed to the protozoan parasite before the helminth parasite.
Toxic effects of glibenclamide in fetuses of normoglycemic rats: an alternative therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gomes L , Lopes C , Barbieri D , Rocha T , Moura and
Published: November 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance first diagnosed during the second or third trimester of pregnancy. The treatment aims at glycemic control through changes in the patient\\'s diet with or without exercise, but some patients need insulin therapy. An alternative would be to use oral hypoglycemic agents such as glibenclamide (GLIB). The present study aims to analyze the toxic effects of GLIB in fetuses of pregnant rats which received 5 or 20mg/kg doses of GLIB. Glycemic dosage reveals no significant difference between control (deionized water) and treated groups, showing that these concentrations of GLIB were not effective to cause hypoglycemia in rats. The vitality of the fetuses in all groups was 100%. GLIB administration promoted increase in weight and significant changes in measures of external morphological parameters of treated fetuses. Histological analysis revealed that liver lobes, lobules and central lobular veins were well defined for all treatments. However, GLIB animals presented a light brownish precipitate into the center-lobular veins and in the liver parenchyma among the hepatocytes. These results indicated a possible passage of the drug through the blood-placental membrane, without serious changes that impair the development of neither bone tissue, nor the liver of these animals.