bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of multicultural experiences on empathy: A model of the roles of positive emotion and critical thinking
Authors: Zhao Nalin , Zhao Yufang , Bao Yan , Mo Xuemin , Ma Xingyang
Published: October 2024

The extant empirical evidence indicates that multicultural experiences (MCEs) are linked to numerous positive outcomes, including increased trust, reduced intergroup bias, and the promotion of large‐scale cooperation. These beneficial effects partly depend on the fact that increased MCEs enhance cultural sensitivity, which may enable individuals to better empathize with others. Therefore, we explored the beneficial effects of MCEs on empathy, along with the potential mechanisms. A sample of 1480 Chinese young adults (M = 21.40, SD = 1.86) were employed to complete anonymous questionnaires on their MCEs, positive emotions, critical thinking, empathy, and multicultural breadth. By controlling for gender and family socioeconomic status, parallel mediation analysis revealed that MCEs can independently influence individuals' levels of empathy through both positive emotions and critical thinking. Thereafter, multicultural breadth was determined as a moderator influencing this model. The results highlighted the role of MCEs in increasing empathy through their relationship with cognitive and emotional processes. This study is significant in expanding our understanding of the consequences of MCEs and has practical value in promoting more interpersonal harmony and social tolerance through enhanced empathy.
Influence of Natural Dentin Biomodification Agent on Push‐Out Bond Strength and Nanoleakage of Self‐Adhesive Resin Cement Luting of Glass‐Fiber Posts
Authors: Maia Italo Hudson Tavares , Rifane Tainah Oliveira , de Freitas Bárbara de Fátima Barbosa , Feitosa Victor Pinheiro , Lomonaco Diego , De Paula Diego Martins
Published: October 2024

Objective

To evaluate the plant‐derived compound lignin (LIG) as a pretreatment of intraradicular dentin in combination with EDTA on push‐out bond strength (PBS) and nanoleakage of the glass fiber posts (GFPs) cemented using adhesive resin cement.

Material and Methods

Twenty‐eight human incisor roots were prepared for GFP cementation and divided based on dentin pretreatment: (1) CONTROL: no pretreatment, (2) EDTA: 17% EDTA for 3 min, (3) EDTA‐LIG: 17% EDTA and 2% lignin for 3 min, (4) EDTA‐PAC: 17% EDTA and 2% lignin for 3 min. The GFPs were cemented using the self‐adhesive resin cement Multilink Speed. The roots (n = 7) were sectioned into 1 mm‐thick discs and subjected to PBS testing after 1 week or 6 months. Nanoleakage was analyzed by SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using two‐factor ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05).

Results

Higher PBS was identified for the CONTROL group (p < 0.001). After 6 months, the EDTA‐LIG maintained the bond strength with a predominance of mixed failures, while the EDTA‐PAC, EDTA, and CONTROL groups showed reduction of bond strength, with a predominance of adhesive failures along with severe silver infiltration in the interface.

Conclusion

LIG associated with EDTA as a pretreatment for intraradicular dentin shows significant potential for attaining stable bond strength and interfacial integrity of self‐adhesive resin cement to intraradicular dentin.
Is the use of Botox complicating our clinical diagnosis of upper motor neurone pathology?
Authors: Fasuyi Joshua , Ekwobi Chidi
Published: October 2024

We report a case of a patient presenting with unilateral facial paralysis whose diagnosis was complicated by recent Botox administration.
Exploring cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) worldwide: Current epidemiological insights and recent developments
Authors: Frazier Rosita , Ghoshal Uday C. , Remes‐Troche Jose , Robin Dover , Shun Emoto , Aravind Thavamani
Published: October 2024

Background

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS), a disorder of gut–brain interaction, presents with recurrent episodes of severe nausea and vomiting. It is often associated with missed or delayed diagnoses and substantial healthcare utilization. Despite historical recognition dating back to the 19th century, epidemiological insights remain limited, with research predominantly originating from specific regions, such as the US. CVS prevalence and incidence rates vary widely and are hindered by inconsistent methodologies and disease recognition.

Purpose

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CVS prevalence and incidence rates. It reviews the currently available data and identifies gaps in knowledge. Understanding the global epidemiology of CVS, increasing awareness of the disease, and fostering global collaboration are crucial. Other pertinent issues include disparities in outcomes, particularly among African Americans and Hispanics in the United States, underscoring the need to understand the social determinants of health that drive disease outcomes. This understanding can inform targeted interventions to address these barriers and achieve equitable healthcare both in the United States and globally.
The psychosocial background of dental care avoidance: A qualitative study
Authors: Lukács Márton , Fábián Balázs , Bugán Antal , Varga István
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Dental care avoidance affects individuals' oral health status. There is limited literature examining the context of dental avoidance behavior.

Aim

The aim of the study is to examine attitudes toward dental care services among adults.

Methods

Overall, 16 patients participated in semi‐structured interviews. The interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Through independent reviews of the themes that comprise the patients' experience, a consensus was established among the researchers.

Results

Ten major themes were identified that encapsulate patients' attitudes toward dental care attendance: Effect of environment and equipment, Fear and anesthesia, Procrastination, Dissatisfaction with the dental care system, Expectations of dentists, Quality of dental care, Edentulousness and social status, Financial involvement, Aesthetics, and Dentists' behavior. Compliance with oral health maintenance can be enhanced by specific training for professionals and dentistry students and by fine tuning the dental care system.

Conclusions

This is the first comprehensive study in Hungary investigating attitudes among dentist patients toward dental care. The results suggest that there are many factors that may affect dental care attendance. Thus, these findings make a potentially fundamental contribution to the improvement of dental care and support practitioners in enriching their understanding of dental avoidance behavior.
Effects of D3K2 With Periodontal Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus and Stage I‐II Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Aydogan Tolga , Karsiyaka Hendek Meltem , Unsal Berrin , Çifci Aydın , Varol Hakan , Kisa Uçler , Olgun Ebru
Published: October 2024

Background

The aim of this study is to look into the clinical and biochemical outcomes of D3K2 supplementation in addition to nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) for patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis.

Methods

Thirty‐eight participants with DM and periodontitis were randomized into two different groups. The test group provided NSPT with D3K2 whereas the control group received NSPT with placebo. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded and serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were sampled at baseline and at the third and the sixth months after treatment. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 25(OH)D3, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) values were determined in blood samples. GCF and serum interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐10 levels were analyzed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

All clinical periodontal parameters were importantly decreased at the third and sixth months after treatment compared to baseline in both groups. At the sixth month, 25(OH)D3 levels in the test group were observed to be statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.02). Serum IL‐1β showed a statistically significant decrease at the sixth month compared to baseline and the third month in control group.

Conclusion

According to this study, there is limited additional benefit of D3K2 given with NSPT in individuals with DM and periodontitis.
Trust in context: The impact of regulation on blockchain and DeFi
Authors: Bodo Balazs , de Filippi Primavera
Published: October 2024

Trust is a key resource in financial transactions. Traditional financial institutions, and novel blockchain‐based decentralized financial (DeFi) services rely on fundamentally different sources of trust and confidence. The former relies on heavy regulation, trusted intermediaries, clear rules (and restrictions) on market competition, and long‐standing informal expectations on what banks and other financial intermediaries are supposed to do or not to do. The latter rely on blockchain technology to provide confidence in the outcome of rules encoded in protocols and smart contracts. Their main promise is to create confidence in the way the blockchain architecture enforces rules, rather than to trust banks, regulators, and markets. In this article, we compare the trust architectures surrounding these two financial systems. We provide a deeper analysis of how proposed regulation in the blockchain space affects the code‐ and confidence‐based architectures which so far have underwrote DeFi. We argue that despite the solid safeguards and guarantees which code can offer, the confidence in DeFi is still very much dependent on more traditional trust‐enhancing mechanisms, such as code governance, and antifraud regulation to address some of the issues which currently plague this domain, and which have no immediate, purely software‐based solutions. What is more, given the risks of bugs or scams in the DeFi space, regulation and trusted intermediaries may need to play a more active role, in order for DeFi to gain the trust of the next generation of users.
Syntomic cycle classes and prismatic Poincaré duality
Authors: Tang Longke
Published: October 2024

We introduce $F$-gauges over a prism, construct syntomic cycle classes, and prove the prismatic Poincaré duality for proper smooth schemes.
Holding on to hope in desperate times
Authors: Beddoe Liz
Published: October 2024

Editorial
Critical social work with children and families: Theory, context and practice (2nd ed.)
Authors: Renau Darren
Published: October 2024

Review of Critical social work with children and families: Theory, context and practice (2nd ed.) edited by S. Rogowski. Policy Press, 2024
ISBN 9781447369295, pp.226, softcover, $NZD 69.99 from newsouthbooks.com.au
Training and Game Loads Across Noncongested and Congested Weekly Microcycles During the Regular Season in a Semiprofessional Women’s Basketball Team
Authors: Power Cody J. , Fox Jordan L. , Teramoto Masaru , Dalbo Vincent J. , Scanlan Aaron T.
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To quantify and compare loads encountered in individual training sessions and games during noncongested and congested weeks in semiprofessional women basketball players. Methods: Using an observational, longitudinal design, 12 players from the same team had their external (PlayerLoad, relative PlayerLoad, and total and high-intensity inertial movement analysis variables) and internal load (session rating of perceived exertion [sRPE], sRPE-load, percentage of heart rate peak, and modified summated-heart-rate-zones load) monitored across a regular season. Training and game data were categorized into noncongested (0–1 game) and congested weeks (2–3 games). Linear mixed models and Cohen d effect sizes were used for analyses. Results: Comparisons between training sessions revealed higher (P < .05, d = 1.35–5.33) PlayerLoad, total inertial movement analysis, sRPE, and sRPE-load during training session 1 than training session 2 in congested weeks. Comparisons between training sessions and games revealed higher (P ≤ .001, d = 1.10–1.66) sRPE and sRPE-load during games than training sessions 1 and 2 in noncongested weeks, alongside higher (P ≤ .001, d = 1.87–3.55) sRPE during game 1 than training sessions 1 and 2 in congested weeks. Comparisons between games revealed higher (P < .05, d = 0.57–2.82) loads in game 3 during congested weeks compared with all other games. Conclusions: Training appeared to be tapered in congested weeks, likely to account for upcoming increases in game loading, but remained relatively consistent across sessions during noncongested weeks. Individual game loads remained relatively consistent but were noticeably increased when a third game was played in the week.
Increased antibiotic resistance in preterm neonates under early antibiotic use
Authors: Ojeda Amanda , Akinsuyi Oluwamayowa , McKinley Kelley Lobean , Xhumari Jessica , Triplett Eric W. , Neu Josef , Roesch Luiz F. W.
Published: October 2024

The standard use of antibiotics in newborns to empirically treat early-onset sepsis can adversely affect the neonatal gut microbiome, with potential long-term health impacts. Research into the escalating issue of antimicrobial resistance in preterm infants and antibiotic practices in neonatal intensive care units is limited. A deeper understanding of the effects of early antibiotic intervention on antibiotic resistance in preterm infants is crucial. This retrospective study employed metagenomic sequencing to evaluate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the meconium and subsequent stool samples of preterm infants enrolled in the Routine Early Antibiotic Use in Symptomatic Preterm Neonates study. Microbial metagenomics was conducted using a subset of fecal samples from 30 preterm infants for taxonomic profiling and ARG identification. All preterm infants exhibited ARGs, with 175 unique ARGs identified, predominantly associated with beta-lactam, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside resistance. Notably, 23% of ARGs was found in preterm infants without direct or intrapartum antibiotic exposure. Post-natal antibiotic exposure increases beta-lactam/tetracycline resistance while altering mechanisms that aid bacteria in withstanding antibiotic pressure. Microbial profiling revealed 774 bacterial species, with antibiotic-naive infants showing higher alpha diversity (
P
= 0.005) in their microbiota and resistome compared with treated infants, suggesting a more complex ecosystem. High ARG prevalence in preterm infants was observed irrespective of direct antibiotic exposure and intensifies with age. Prolonged membrane ruptures and maternal antibiotic use during gestation and delivery are linked to alterations in the preterm infant resistome and microbiome, which are pivotal in shaping the ARG profiles in the neonatal gut.

This study is registered with
ClinicalTrials.gov
as

NCT02784821

.

IMPORTANCE

A high burden of antibiotic resistance in preterm infants poses significant challenges to neonatal health. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes, along with alterations in signaling, energy production, and metabolic mechanisms, complicates treatment strategies for preterm infants, heightening the risk of ineffective therapy and exacerbating outcomes for these vulnerable neonates. Despite not receiving direct antibiotic treatment, preterm infants exhibit a concerning prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This underscores the complex interplay of broader influences, including maternal antibiotic exposure during and beyond pregnancy and gestational complications like prolonged membrane ruptures. Urgent action, including cautious antibiotic practices and enhanced antenatal care, is imperative to protect neonatal health and counter the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance in this vulnerable population.
Insight into the outer membrane asymmetry of
P. aeruginosa
and the role of MlaA in modulating the lipidic composition, mechanical, biophysical, and functional membrane properties of the cell envelope
Authors: Kaur M. , Mozaheb N. , Paiva T. O. , Herent M.-F. , Goormaghtigh F. , Paquot A. , Terrasi R. , Mignolet E. , Décout J.-L. , Lorent J. H. , Larondelle Y. , Muccioli G. G. , Quetin-Leclercq J. , Dufrêne Y. F. , Mingeot-Leclercq M.-P.
Published: October 2024

In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane (OM) is asymmetric, with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids (GPLs) in the inner leaflet. The asymmetry is maintained by the Mla system (MlaA-MlaBCDEF), which contributes to lipid homeostasis by removing mislocalized GPLs from the outer leaflet of the OM. Here, we ascribed how
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ATCC 27853 coordinately regulates pathways to provide defense against the threats posed by the deletion of
mlaA
. Especially, we explored (i) the effects on membrane lipid composition including LPS, GPLs, and lysophospholipids, (ii) the biophysical properties of the OM such as stiffness and fluidity, and (iii) the impact of these changes on permeability, antibiotic susceptibility, and membrane vesicles (MVs) generation. Deletion of
mlaA
induced an increase in total GPLs and a decrease in LPS level while also triggering alterations in lipid A structures (arabinosylation and palmitoylation), likely to be induced by a two-component system (PhoPQ-PmrAB). Altered lipid composition may serve a physiological purpose in regulating the mechanobiological and functional properties of
P. aerugino
sa. We demonstrated an increase in cell stiffness without alteration of turgor pressure and inner membrane (IM) fluidity in ∆
mlaA
. In addition, membrane vesiculation increased without any change in OM/IM permeability. An amphiphilic aminoglycoside derivative (3’,6-dinonyl neamine) that targets
P. aeruginosa
membranes induced an opposite effect on ∆
mlaA
strain with a trend toward a return to the situation observed for the WT strain. Efforts dedicated to understanding the crosstalk between the OM lipid composition, and the mechanical behavior of bacterial envelope, is one needed step for designing new targets or new drugs to fight
P. aeruginosa
infections.

IMPORTANCE

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a Gram-negative bacterium responsible for severe hospital-acquired infections. The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria acts as an effective barrier against toxic compounds, and therefore, compromising this structure could increase sensitivity to antibiotics. The OM is asymmetric with the highly packed lipopolysaccharide monolayer at the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids at the inner leaflet. OM asymmetry is maintained by the Mla pathway resulting in the retrograde transport of glycerophospholipids from the OM to the inner membrane. In this study, we show that deleting
mlaA
, the membrane component of Mla system located at the OM, affects the mechanical and functional properties of
P. aeruginosa
cell envelope. Our results provide insights into the role of MlaA, involved in the Mla transport pathway in
P. aeruginosa
.
A study of the fine-structure constant dependence of radiative capture in Halo-EFT
Authors: Meißner Ulf-G. , Metsch Bernard Ch. , Meyer Helen
Published: October 2024

We study the fine structure constant dependence of the rates of some selected radiative capture reactions within the framework of so-called Halo Effective Field Theory in order to assess the adequacy of some assumptions made on the Coulomb penetrability. We find that this dependence deviates from that implied by a parameterization of the cross sections of this effect via a simple penetration factor. Some features of this fine-structure dependence are discussed, in particular its potential impact on the abundances of the light elements in primordial nucleosynthesis.
Nutritional and Functional Composition of Barley Varieties From Legambo District, Ethiopia
Authors: Yiblet Yalew , Misganaw Worku , Adamu Endale
Published: October 2024

In agriculture, barley holds significant importance as a vital crop with multiple uses. It provides a variety of advantages, including weed suppression, erosion management, nutrient recycling, and improved soil structure. The nutritional and functional composition of barley varieties’ samples were analyzed using AOAC methods. The moisture content of the samples ranged from 7.3% to 12.8%, while the ash content varied from 0.5% to 13%. The crude fiber content ranged from 0.5% to 1.5%, and the crude protein content ranged from 0.73% to 3.4%. Furthermore, the crude fat content ranged from 0.11% to 0.8%. The carbohydrate content of the samples were found to be between 69.5% and 82.5%, with an energy value ranging from 338.2 to 382.02 kcal/100 g. In terms of mineral content, the samples exhibited varying levels of calcium (310–670 mg/100 g), iron (34.9–65 mg/100 g), zinc (8.9–16 mg/100 g), and magnesium (Mg) (520–1122 mg/100 g). In addition, the range of the total phenolic content was 1.2 to 3.1 mg/100 g, while the range of the total flavonoid content was 0.41 to 0.55 mg/100 g. Therefore, barley, a selenium‐rich food, acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from free radical damage, reducing inflammation, and reducing the risk of chronic illnesses. The highest content of stearic acid (3.4 g/100 g) followed by myristic acid (2.6 g/100 g) were found in barley varieties. Barley amino acids are essential nutrients for various biological processes, muscle repair, immunological system function, neurotransmitter generation, and detoxification.
Lipocalin‐2 Serum Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Adalimumab and Its Correlation with Proinflammatory Factors
Authors: Conde-Aranda Javier , Scotece Morena , Varela-García María , Torrijos-Pulpón Carlos , Arosa Laura , Camba-Gómez Miguel , Pino Jesús , Gualillo Oreste
Published: October 2024

Background. Obesity is associated with an increased risk for different chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In fact, adipose tissue is now recognized as an endocrine organ able to secrete a wide variety of factors called adipokines, which have been demonstrated to participate in the pathophysiology of RA by regulating inflammation and immunity. LCN2 is one of these adipose tissue‐derived factors. However, scarce information is available about the levels of this adipokine in different rheumatic diseases. Therefore, we aimed to analyze LCN2 serum levels in healthy, OA, and RA patients under different treatments. Methods. Serum levels of LCN2, among other proinflammatory and chemotactic factors, have been measured by ELISA or Multiplex in the following four groups of individuals: healthy, OA, and RA patients treated with conventional treatment or adalimumab. Results. We found increased serum levels of LCN2 in OA and RA patients. Interestingly, LCN2 serum levels show a similar pattern to that observed for different proinflammatory and chemotactic factors, being increased in RA conventional treated patients in comparison to RA patients treated with adalimumab. Also, RA patients under conventional treatment revealed a positive and significant correlation between LCN2 and CCL2, CCL3, IL‐8, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and CRP. In patients with RA treated with adalimumab, only IL‐6 and CRP correlated significantly with LCN2. Conclusions. Our results clearly suggest that LCN2 is modulated and associated with inflammation in rheumatic diseases. Therefore, the serum levels of this adipokine might be used as an additional biomarker of the inflammatory/disease activity.
Variation in Whole‐Body Regeneration Between Botrylloides Morphs and Species
Authors: Temiz Berivan , Wilson Megan J.
Published: October 2024

Marine invertebrates exhibit an impressive regenerative capacity. Among these lineages, colonial ascidians possess the unique ability of whole‐body regeneration (WBR), in which a new adult (zooid) body is restored. Botrylloides species exemplify this regenerative capacity by regenerating new adults solely from vascular tissue within approximately 2 weeks after the complete loss of adults from the colony. Although WBR has been reported in some species of the Botrylloides genus, such as Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceus, and Botrylloides anceps, this study provides the first insights into the WBR of Botrylloides jacksonianum.

In this study, we examined and compared the WBR processes of B. jacksonianum, B. affinis anceps (hereafter referred to as B. anceps here), and B. diegensis. B. anceps displayed twin‐body regeneration, whereas B. jacksonianum and B. diegensis regenerated only one zooid each. Histological examination confirmed the presence of multiple vesicles formed from hemoblast aggregates during WBR, a phenomenon observed in other Botrylloides spp. The investigated species exhibited strong similarities in their WBR, with some variations in the overall process, indicating the presence of similar mechanisms underlying WBR. Understanding the intricacies of tunicate WBR contributes to our knowledge of regenerative biology and may offer valuable insights for regenerative medicine research in vertebrates.
Supplementary Data from Regorafenib-Avelumab Combination in Patients with Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer (REGOMUNE): A Single-arm, Open-label, Phase II Trial
Authors: Cousin Sophie , Cantarel Coralie , Guegan Jean-Philippe , Gomez-Roca Carlos , Metges Jean-Philippe , Adenis Antoine , Pernot Simon , Bellera Carine , Kind Michèle , Auzanneau Céline , Le Loarer François , Soubeyran Isabelle , Bessede Alban , Italiano Antoine
Published: October 2024

Supp Data
Supplementary Table 3 from Steroid Ligands, the Forgotten Triggers of Nuclear Receptor Action; Implications for Acquired Resistance to Endocrine Therapy
Authors: Bleach Rachel , Madden Stephen F. , Hawley James , Charmsaz Sara , Selli Cigdem , Sheehan Katherine M. , Young Leonie S. , Sims Andrew H. , Souček Pavel , Hill Arnold D. , McIlroy Marie
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table 3
Supplementary Figure Legends from Inhibition of DNA-PK with AZD7648 Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Radiotherapy and Induces Type I IFN-Dependent Durable Tumor Control
Authors: Nakamura Kyoko , Karmokar Ankur , Farrington Paul M. , James Neil H. , Ramos-Montoya Antonio , Bickerton Susan J. , Hughes Gareth D. , Illidge Timothy M. , Cadogan Elaine B. , Davies Barry R. , Dovedi Simon J. , Valge-Archer Viia
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figure Legends
Supplementary Figure 10 from Identification of a Novel Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment Signature as a Predictive Biomarker of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy in Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Damrauer Jeffrey S. , Roell Kyle R. , Smith Markia A. , Sun Xuezheng , Kirk Erin L. , Hoadley Katherine A. , Benefield Halei C. , Iyer Gopakumar , Solit David B. , Milowsky Matthew I. , Kim William Y. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Wobker Sara E. , Dalbagni Guido , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat A. , Olshan Andrew F. , Bochner Bernard H. , Furberg Helena , Troester Melissa A. , Pietzak Eugene J.
Published: October 2024

Supplemental Figure 10 shows the comparison of DNA based alterations in TP53 and other cell cycle regulation genes compared to "p53-associated" signature from Troester et al. (TP53 score), as well as the association between RFS with TP53 Mutation (DNA) & p53 RNA signature.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Identification of a Novel Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment Signature as a Predictive Biomarker of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy in Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Damrauer Jeffrey S. , Roell Kyle R. , Smith Markia A. , Sun Xuezheng , Kirk Erin L. , Hoadley Katherine A. , Benefield Halei C. , Iyer Gopakumar , Solit David B. , Milowsky Matthew I. , Kim William Y. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Wobker Sara E. , Dalbagni Guido , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat A. , Olshan Andrew F. , Bochner Bernard H. , Furberg Helena , Troester Melissa A. , Pietzak Eugene J.
Published: October 2024

Supplemental Figure 1 shows the quality check failure rate by Tumor Cellularity and by Stage and Grade.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Pyrotinib Treatment in Patients With HER2-positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and Brain Metastasis: Exploratory Final Analysis of Real-World, Multicenter Data
Authors: Anwar Munawar , Chen Qitong , Ouyang Dengjie , Wang Shouman , Xie Ning , Ouyang Quchang , Fan Peizhi , Qian Liyuan , Chen Gannong , Zhou Enxiang , Guo Lei , Gu Xiaowen , Ding Boning , Yang Xiaohong , Liu Liping , Deng Chao , Xiao Zhi , Li Jing , Wang Yunqi , Zeng Shan , Hu Jinhui , Zhou Wei , Qiu Bo , Wang Zhongming , Weng Jie , Liu Mingwen , Li Yi , Tang Tiegang , Wang Jianguo , Zhang Hui , Dai Bin , Tang Wuping , Wu Tao , Xiao Maoliang , Li Xiantao , Liu Hailong , Li Lai , Yi Wenjun
Published: October 2024

Survival analysis according to treatment line, hormone receptor status and metastatic sites.
Supplementary Table 1 from PELP1 Is a Novel Therapeutic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Nassar Khaled Mohamed , Yang Xue , Baker Adriana , Gopalam Rahul , Arnold William C. , Adeniran Timilehin T. , Hernandez Fernandez Marian H. , Mahajan Megharani , Lai Zhao , Chen Yidong , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Viswanadhapalli Suryavathi , Sun Lu-Zhe , Vadlamudi Ratna K. , Pratap Uday P.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table 1. List of all the primers used for RT-qPCR.
Supplementary Figure 2 from PELP1 Is a Novel Therapeutic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Nassar Khaled Mohamed , Yang Xue , Baker Adriana , Gopalam Rahul , Arnold William C. , Adeniran Timilehin T. , Hernandez Fernandez Marian H. , Mahajan Megharani , Lai Zhao , Chen Yidong , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Viswanadhapalli Suryavathi , Sun Lu-Zhe , Vadlamudi Ratna K. , Pratap Uday P.
Published: October 2024

Figure S2. SMIP34 treatment downregulates liver specific genes, MYC and E2F pathway targeted genes in HCC cells.
Figure 4 from PELP1 Is a Novel Therapeutic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Nassar Khaled Mohamed , Yang Xue , Baker Adriana , Gopalam Rahul , Arnold William C. , Adeniran Timilehin T. , Hernandez Fernandez Marian H. , Mahajan Megharani , Lai Zhao , Chen Yidong , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Viswanadhapalli Suryavathi , Sun Lu-Zhe , Vadlamudi Ratna K. , Pratap Uday P.
Published: October 2024

SMIP34 treatment blocked PELP1-mediated extranuclear signaling and decreased global protein synthesis. Huh7, SNU398, Hep3B, and SNU423 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO 0.01%) or SMIP34 (12.5 μmol/L) to examine PELP1 degradation and the stability of the Rix1 complex by Western blotting (A and C). Hep3B, Huh7, and SNU449 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO 0.01%) or SMIP34 (12.5 μmol/L), and the status of known PELP1 downstream signaling targets were analyzed by Western blotting (B). Hep3B and Huh7 cells were treated with vehicle (DMSO 0.01%) or SMIP34 (12.5 μmol/L), and the status of E2F1 and c-Myc expressions was analyzed by Western blotting (D). Hep3B and Huh7 cells treated with SMIP34 (5, 10, and 15 μm) or Hep3B and Huh7 cells with PELP1-KD were subjected to 30 miniutes of incubation with puromycin (1 μmol/L). The effect of this treatment on global protein synthesis was measured by Western blotting using an anti-puromycin antibody (E and F).
Figure S4 from The Tumor Microbiome as a Predictor of Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Dravillas Caroline E. , Coleman Samuel S. , Hoyd Rebecca , Caryotakis Griffin , Denko Louis , Chan Carlos H.F. , Churchman Michelle L. , Denko Nicholas , Dodd Rebecca D. , Eljilany Islam , Hardikar Sheetal , Husain Marium , Ikeguchi Alexandra P. , Jin Ning , Ma Qin , McCarter Martin D. , Osman Afaf E.G. , Robinson Lary A. , Singer Eric A. , Tinoco Gabriel , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Zakharia Yousef , Spakowicz Daniel , Tarhini Ahmad A. , Tan Aik Choon
Published: October 2024

Comparison with TCGA for microbes most significantly enriched in response groups
Figure S3 from The Tumor Microbiome as a Predictor of Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Dravillas Caroline E. , Coleman Samuel S. , Hoyd Rebecca , Caryotakis Griffin , Denko Louis , Chan Carlos H.F. , Churchman Michelle L. , Denko Nicholas , Dodd Rebecca D. , Eljilany Islam , Hardikar Sheetal , Husain Marium , Ikeguchi Alexandra P. , Jin Ning , Ma Qin , McCarter Martin D. , Osman Afaf E.G. , Robinson Lary A. , Singer Eric A. , Tinoco Gabriel , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Zakharia Yousef , Spakowicz Daniel , Tarhini Ahmad A. , Tan Aik Choon
Published: October 2024

Predictive values (AUROC) of the 16 gene signatures in the ORIEN cohort (IO_NOVA_Mel) and 22 other melanoma cohorts
Characterization of the Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis Microenvironment via Machine Learning Analysis of the Primary Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Goodin Dylan A. , Chau Eric , Zheng Junjun , O’Connell Cailin , Tiwari Anjana , Xu Yitian , Niravath Polly , Chen Shu-Hsia , Godin Biana , Frieboes Hermann B.
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer liver metastases (BCLM) are hypovascular lesions that resist intravenously administered therapies and have grim prognosis. Immunotherapeutic strategies targeting BCLM critically depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME), including tumor-associated macrophages. However, a priori characterization of the BCLM TME to optimize therapy is challenging because BCLM tissue is rarely collected. In contrast to primary breast tumors for which tissue is usually obtained and histologic analysis performed, biopsies or resections of BCLM are generally discouraged due to potential complications. This study tested the novel hypothesis that BCLM TME characteristics could be inferred from the primary tumor tissue. Matched primary and metastatic human breast cancer samples were analyzed by imaging mass cytometry, identifying 20 shared marker clusters denoting macrophages (CD68, CD163, and CD206), monocytes (CD14), immune response (CD56, CD4, and CD8a), programmed cell death protein 1, PD-L1, tumor tissue (Ki-67 and phosphorylated ERK), cell adhesion (E-cadherin), hypoxia (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α), vascularity (CD31), and extracellular matrix (alpha smooth muscle actin, collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase 9). A machine learning workflow was implemented and trained on primary tumor clusters to classify each metastatic cluster density as being either above or below median values. The proposed approach achieved robust classification of BCLM marker data from matched primary tumor samples (AUROC ≥ 0.75, 95% confidence interval ≥ 0.7, on the validation subsets). Top clusters for prediction included CD68+, E-cad+, CD8a+PD1+, CD206+, and CD163+MMP9+. We conclude that the proposed workflow using primary breast tumor marker data offers the potential to predict BCLM TME characteristics, with the longer term goal to inform personalized immunotherapeutic strategies targeting BCLM.

Significance:

BCLM tissue characterization to optimize immunotherapy is difficult because biopsies or resections are rarely performed. This study shows that a machine learning approach offers the potential to infer BCLM characteristics from the primary tumor tissue.
Management of Fecal Incontinence: Surgical Treatment Options
Authors: Bittorf Birgit , Matzel Klaus E.
Published: October 2024

Background: Fecal incontinence (FI) is a frequent, often underestimated, health issue in adults. Its treatment is primarily nonsurgical. Only if conservative options fail to result in adequate symptom reduction should surgery be considered. We present an overview of historical and current surgical treatment options. Summary: Well-known sphincter replacement techniques such as dynamic graciloplasty and the artificial bowel sphincter are no longer used because of their invasiveness and relevant comorbidity. Today, sphincteroplasty and sacral neuromodulation (SNM) are the most common procedures recommended in current guidelines. The therapeutic choice is based on diagnostic findings. Sphincteroplasty is an option only in patients with an anal sphincter lesion and has only moderate long-term success. SNM has become the established first choice in multiple pathophysiological conditions resulting in FI, as it has proved highly successful with minimal invasiveness. Over time, the spectrum of indications has evolved and the technique is now successful in morphological sphincter defects as well. Key Messages: The spectrum of surgical options to treat FI is limited. Owing to its efficacy and low comorbidity, SNM is now considered the gold standard in multiple pathophysiological and morphological conditions, whereas sphincteroplasty remains an option in patients with FI from a defined sphincter lesion.
Integrative taxonomic review of the genus Rhodostrophia Hübner, 1823 and its allied genus Tanaotrichia Warren, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from the Western Himalaya
Authors: KUMARI SHABNAM , BANDYOPADHYAY UTTARAN , UNIYAL VIRENDRA PRASAD , CHANDRA KAILASH , HAUSMANN AXEL
Published: October 2024

The genus Rhodostrophia Hübner, 1823 and its close ally Tanaotrichia Warren, 1893 (Geometridae: Sterrhinae) are reviewed from the North Western and Trans Himalayan regions of the Indian Himalaya along with some specimens from the Pakistan. In total, eight species were studied—seven Rhodostrophia spp. and one species of Tanaotrichia—with detailed morphological and genital characteristics. Rhodostrophia borealis stat. n. is raised from subspecies of R. cinerascens to species level after studying external morphology and distinct genitalia-based diagnostic features. However, this warrants further validation following the barcode sequencing of R. cinerascens. Illustrations of habitus, including type specimens, are provided along with images of genitalia and the sequence data of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI 5′ terminus) gene. A checklist of Indian Rhodostrophia and Tanaotrichia species is included with information on their documented distributional range.
A new genus and a new species of Sphodrini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Changbai Mountain, China, with notes on the tribe
Authors: ZHU PINGZHOU , SHI HONGLIANG , LIU SHENGDONG , LIANG HONGBIN
Published: October 2024

A new genus and a new species of the sphodrine subtribe Dolichina are described: Peiyuia changbaiensis Zhu & Shi, gen. nov., sp. nov. (type locality: China, Jilin, Changbai Mountain, 42.1077°N, 128.0957°E, altitude 1415 m). A key is provided for the eight known genera of Dolichina. Relationships of the genera of Dolichina and some characters of the subtribe are discussed. Two species of Sphodrini are newly reported from China: Morphodactyla coreica (Jedlička, 1937) and Pristosia latistoma Sasakawa, J.L. Kim, J.K. Kim & Kubota, 2006.
Review of Oriental species of the genus Atopotrophos (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Authors: RESHCHIKOV ALEXEY
Published: October 2024

A new species of tryphonine Darwin Wasps in the genus Atopotrophos Cushman, 1919, (A. bubeng sp. nov.). is described from Bubeng, Mueang La, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. The new species can be distinguished from all other Atopotrophos species by having 35 flagellomeres, a very short malar space, both scutellum and postscutellum with apical teeth, and from the most similar species, A. spiniger, by its larger size, longer area superomedia, longer T1, and shorter ovipositor. Re-descriptions, illustrations of holotype specimens of A. chinensis and A. spiniger are provided. The type localities of these species are defined, and approximate coordinates and habitat description are added. A key for Oriental species is provided.
Digital cognitive behavioral therapy vs education for pain in adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Jonassaint Charles R. , Lalama Christina M. , Carroll C. Patrick , Badawy Sherif M. , Hamm Megan E. , Stinson Jennifer N. , Lalloo Chitra , Saraf Santosh L. , Gordeuk Victor R. , Cronin Robert M. , Shah Nirmish , Lanzkron Sophie M. , Liles Darla , O’Brien Julia A. , Trimnell Cassandra , Bailey Lakiea , Lawrence Raymona H. , Saint Jean Leshana , DeBaun Michael , De Castro Laura M. , Palermo Tonya M. , Abebe Kaleab Z.
Published: October 2024

Despite the burden of chronic pain in sickle cell disease (SCD), nonpharmacological approaches remain limited. This multisite, randomized trial compared digital cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with a digital pain/SCD education program (“Education”) for managing pain and related symptoms. Participants were recruited virtually from seven SCD centers and community organizations in the United States. Adults (aged ≥18 years) with SCD-related chronic pain and/or daily opioid use were assigned to receive either CBT or Education for 12 weeks. Both groups used an app with interactive chatbot lessons and received personalized health coach support. The primary outcome was the change in pain interference at six months, with secondary outcomes including pain intensity, depression, anxiety, quality of life, and self-efficacy. Of 453 screened participants, 359 (79%) were randomized to CBT (n = 181) or Education (n = 178); 92% were Black African American, and 66.3% were female. At six months, 250 participants (70%) completed follow-up assessments, with 16 (4%) withdrawals. Engagement with the chatbot varied, with 76% connecting and 48% completing at least one lesson, but 80% of participants completed at least one health coach session. Both groups showed significant within-group improvements in pain interference (CBT: −2.13; Education: −2.66), but no significant difference was observed between them (mean difference, 0.54; P = .57). There were no between-group differences in pain intensity, depression, anxiety, or quality of life. High engagement with health coaching and variable engagement with digital components may explain the similar outcomes between interventions in this diverse, hard-to-reach population.
Adeno-associated virus–based gene therapy for hemophilia A and B: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deshpande Saarang R. , Joseph Keerthy , Tong Jiayi , Chen Yong , Pishko Allyson , Cuker Adam
Published: October 2024

Adeno-associated virus (AAV)–based gene therapy is an emerging treatment for hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B (HB). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched for studies of adult males with severe or moderately severe HA or HB who received AAV-based gene therapy. Annualized bleeding rate (ABR), annualized infusion rate (AIR), total factor use, factor levels, and adverse events (AEs) were extracted. Eight HA trials representing 7 gene therapies and 211 patients and 12 HB trials representing 9 gene therapies and 184 patients were included. For HA, gene therapy resulted in an annualized decrease of 7.58 bleeding events (95% confidence interval [CI], −11.50 to −3.67) and 117.2 factor infusions (95% CI, −151.86 to −82.53) compared with before gene therapy. Factor VIII level at 12 months ranged from 10.4 to 70.31 IU/mL by 1-stage assay. HB gene therapies were associated with an annualized decrease of 5.64 bleeding events (95% CI, −8.61 to −2.68) and 58.92 factor infusions (95% CI, −68.19 to −49.65). Mean factor IX level at 12 months was 28.72 IU/mL (95% CI, 18.78-38.66). Factor expression was more durable for HB than HA; factor IX levels remained at 95.7% of their peak whereas factor VIII levels fell to 55.8% of their peak at 24 months. The pooled percentage of patients experiencing a serious AE was 19% (10%-31%) and 21% (10%-37%) for HA and HB gene therapies, respectively. No thrombosis or inhibitor formation was reported. AAV-based gene therapies for both HA and HB demonstrated significant reductions in ABR, AIR, and factor use.
Safety and efficacy of platelet-rich plasma injection for treatment of erectile dysfunction: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Ragheb Ahmed M. , Lotfy Amr M. , Fahmy Mohamed , Elmarakbi Akrm A.
Published: October 2024

Background

Affected sexual relationships affect both the quality of life of men and women. Platelet-derived therapies are becoming increasingly popular in various medical and surgical fields because of their ability to aid in tissue healing and vascular remodeling. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in treating patients with erectile dysfunction (ED).

Results

Fifty-two participants with mild to moderate ED were divided into two groups: group A, who received three PRP penile injections, and group B, who received three saline injections (5 ml for each injection site). The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) was used to evaluate all participants. A month after the last injection, the PRP group's IIEF was 16.12 ± 1.25, while the placebo group's was 15.99 ± 1.21 (p = 0.683). Following a 3-month period, the IIEF for the PRP group was 16.44 ± 1.17, while the placebo group's was 16.31 ± 1.06 (p value = 0.653). Following a 6-month period, the IIEF for the PRP group was 16.35 ± 1.45, while that for the placebo group's was 16.23 ± 1.19 (p = 0.727). In terms of IIEF, there was no significant difference between the two groups after one, three, and six months of treatment.

Conclusion

In brief, our research revealed no data to support the application of PRP injections in the management of mild-to-moderate ED.
Magnitude of multiple drug use and determinants of vulnerability among chronic kidney disease inpatients in Ethiopia: a multi-center study
Authors: Zeleke Tirsit Ketsela , Abebe Rahel Belete , Wondm Samuel Agegnew , Tegegne Bantayehu Addis
Published: October 2024

Background

Patients with chronic kidney disease frequently face various nutritional and metabolic problems that necessitate the use of multiple medications. This multiple drug use can lead to several drug-related problems including adverse drug events, hospital admissions, poor medication adherence, harmful drug interactions, inadequate therapeutic outcomes, and death. Despite these challenges, there is a notable lack of studies on the extent of multiple drug use and its determinants among patients with chronic kidney disease in Ethiopia. This study aims to assess the magnitude of multiple drug use and identify the determinants of vulnerability among patients with chronic kidney disease in Ethiopia.

Method

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with chronic kidney disease. Eligible participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Frequency and percentage calculations were performed for categorical variables, while means and standard deviations were used for continuous variables. The chi-square test and t-test were used to compare the proportions and means, respectively. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of multiple drug use, with statistical significance determined by a p-value of less than 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Guidelines and previous literature were utilized to assess the magnitude of multiple drug use.

Results

A total of 230 patients were enrolled, with more than half being male. The overall magnitude of multiple drug use was 83.0%. Diuretics being the most frequently prescribed medication class followed by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Patients aged 65 years and above (AOR = 4.91 (95% CI 1.60-15.03)), CKD stage five (AOR) = 5.48 (95% CI 1.99–15.09)), and the presence of comorbid conditions (AOR) = 3.53 (95% CI 1.55–8.06)) were significantly associated with multiple drug use.

Conclusion

Chronic kidney disease patients exhibited a high rate of multiple drug use. The presence of comorbid conditions, disease progression and older age are significant determinates of this vulnerability. Health care providers should pay particular attention to these factors to manage and mitigate the risks associated with multiple drug use.