bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Development, International Law, and a Turn to African Legal Cosmologies
Authors: Dzah Godwin Eli Kwadzo
Published: May 2024

This original book analyses and reimagines the concept of sustainable development in international law from a non-Western legal perspective. Built upon the intersection of law, politics, and history in the context of Africa, its peoples and their experiences, customary law and other legal cosmologies, this ground-breaking study applies a critical legal analysis to Africa's interaction with conceptualising and operationalising sustainable development. It proposes a turn to non-Western legal normativity as the foundational principle for reimagining sustainable development in international law. It highlights eco-legal philosophies and principles in remaking sustainable development where ecological integrity assumes a central focus in the reimagined conceptualisation and operationalisation of sustainable development. While this pioneering book highlights Africa as its analytical pivot, its arguments and proposals are useful beyond Africa. Connecting global discourses on nature, the environment, rights and development, Godwin Eli Kwadzo Dzah illuminates our current thinking on sustainable development in international law.
Mode identification and period fitting in six pulsating hot subdwarfs
Authors: Sahoo S.K. , Baran A.S. , Németh P. , Worters H.L. , Pramod Kumar S. , Joshi S. , Kilkenny D.
Published: May 2024

We report the results of our analysis of six gravity-mode pulsating hot subdwarf stars observed in the short cadence mode by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. We detected at least 10 pulsation periods in each star, searched for multiplets, and used an asymptotic period spacing to identify modes. We used a grid of evolutionary and pulsation models calculated with the MESA and GYRE, along with spectroscopic parameters and modal degree identification, to derive the physical properties of the stars. We checked the relation between the helium content and pulsations and found that no pulsator exists among the extremely helium-rich hot subdwarfs, while the number of detected pulsators in other helium groups increases as the helium content decreases. We found p- and g-mode hot subdwarfs pulsators in all Galactic populations.
Prototyping future societies: GIGA-mapping and narratives as design material
Authors: Nielsen Brita Fladvad , Rishi Gunika , Bjerck Mari
Published: May 2024

In Norway, the housing challenges faced by migrant workers highlight increasing inequality. Designers striving to create more equitable and sustainable futures must adopt system-oriented tools and human-centered approaches. Utilizing giga-mapping and narratives as prototypes helps reframe issues, enhance communication, and simplify complexity into actionable steps. However, successful outcomes demand refined application and careful attention to communication, necessitating significant investment of time, skills, and effort.
The influence of culture on creativity in ideation: a review
Authors: Gong Zhengya , Gonçalves Milene , Nanjappan Vijayakumar , Georgiev Georgi V.
Published: May 2024

The relationship between culture and creativity has sparked the interest of researchers for decades. Although researchers have attempted to establish a connection between culture and creativity, the precise relationship between the two remains ambiguous. The current paper examined extant literature on the subject matter and synthesized the relations between culture and creativity in ideation over the past twenty years. The present study expounds upon the utilized samples, measures implemented to assess creativity and culture, and the study results.
Evaluating design approaches for encouraging behavior change in editors: exploring a digital nudging strategy in a non-personalized recommender system to promote adoption of augmented analytics
Authors: Heinrich Tanja , Szasz Oliver
Published: May 2024

In the age of digitalization, navigating through vast amounts of data is a challenge. Augmented analytics, which often goes unnoticed by employees, has the potential to support effective decision-making. This study examines the impact of digital nudging on editors' cognitive load and behavioral change towards augmented analytics, providing insights into behavior change design. Combining theory with expert interviews and workshops, this study results in five nudging strategies. The findings reveal varied triggers influencing behavioral change, emphasizing stakeholder involvement in the process.
Unravelling experiences, barriers, and design strategies for encouraging reusable takeaway cup usage
Authors: Herweyers Laure , Du Bois Els , Moons Ingrid
Published: May 2024

The increasing use of disposable takeaway cups negatively affects the environment due to their non-recyclability and waste. This study investigates the adoption and sustained use of reusable takeaway cups in Belgium, including routines and experience. We did structured interviews (n=58), a survey (n=300), diary studies (n=8) and interviews with baristas (n=8). The findings provide recommendations including clear communication, incentives, and user-friendly cup design. Future research should test interventions and consider regional and cultural variations in sustainable coffee consumption.
The EmotionProbe: an exploration of design students’ emotions when designing
Authors: Marji Hazar Taissier , Rodgers Paul , Brisco Ross
Published: May 2024

The emotional experiences significantly impact students' design processes. This research presents the EmotionProbe, a design probe tool for capturing design students' emotions while designing. The tool allows simple data collection, offering important insights into the students' design experiences, introducing the spectrum of emotions that design students go through, and showcasing various analysis approaches, allowing for a richer understanding of the design's emotional dimension. The research highlights the need for an emotional tool supporting students' emotional well-being while designing.
Uncovering rebound effects of sufficiency-oriented product-service systems: a systematic review
Authors: Andrew Elise Marie , van den Bergh Jeroen , Pigosso Daniela C. A.
Published: May 2024

The discourse surrounding sustainable consumption and production has evolved to encompass sufficiency strategies in addition to efficiency and effectiveness. Product-service systems (PSSs) can promote sufficiency by replacing traditional product-intensive systems with dematerialized services and changes in ownership structures. Sufficiency-oriented PSS may, however, generate rebound effects which offset potential sufficiency benefits or even result in backfire. This paper examines the connection between sufficiency-oriented PSS and rebound reviewing 12 empirical studies addressing rebound.
Circular products: the balance between sustainability and excessive margins in design
Authors: Brahma Arindam , Hallstedt Sophie I. , Wynn David C. , Isaksson Ola
Published: May 2024

As the world deals with climate change, it is crucial that new products are designed to be more sustainable. Product design strategies which conform to the Circular Economy principles have recently gained attention, which promote sustainability and resource efficiency. However, such strategies require careful consideration of uncertainties and the ways to mitigate them, e.g. by using margins. The pursuit of circularity can inadvertently lead to overdesign as designers strive to mitigate elevated risks, thereby making a product less sustainable. In this paper, we explore this balance.
What Italian furniture companies do towards sustainable transition? Design actions and strategies showcased during Milan Design Week 2023
Authors: Gramegna Silvia Maria , Mattioli Francesca , Pei Xue
Published: May 2024

Manufacturing companies find themselves at the crossroads of innovation and sustainability in an era of growing emphasis on corporate social responsibility. This paper delves into Design for Sustainability, aiming to understand the practices Italian design furniture companies are implementing towards sustainability through case studies analysis of sustainable actions (SA) showcased in Milan Design Week 2023. The study categorizes SA according to the Design for Sustainability Framework, determining their role in furniture companies’ transformative learning approaches towards sustainability.
Human interaction with the physical world: a brief review of studies on affordances
Authors: Priya Khyati , Pillai Jayesh , Shende Avinash
Published: May 2024

Gibson used "affordance" to describe how animals perceive and interact with their environment. Since the term was coined, many studies, both theoretical as well as empirical, have been done. We conducted a review of the 56 most cited works on physical affordances to answer: (1) What methods have been used to study affordances, and how have they changed with time? (2) How has the definition of affordances evolved over time? We went through papers decade-wise and compare their key contributions. Finally, we discuss how the definition and research on affordances has evolved in the last 40 years.
Modelling an ecosystem of business models in a circular value chain: the circular business ecosystem model canvas
Authors: Jamadagni Avyay , Aurisicchio Marco , Nybom Lars
Published: May 2024

To advance the circular economy, there is a need to take an ecosystem view of business models for circularity in which different actors interact dynamically to create economic, environmental and social value. This research introduces the Circular Business Ecosystem Model Canvas, a novel method to prototype a circular ecosystem of business models. The case of ferric chloride, an inorganic coagulant for wastewater treatment, is used to demonstrate the new canvas and show how it supports the development of a more holistic perspective on sustainability-oriented business model innovation.
Data-driven life cycle assessment for mechatronic systems: a comparative analysis of environmental impact assessments
Authors: Krause Artur , Wagenmann Steffen , Ritzer Katharina , Albers Albert , Bursac Nikola
Published: May 2024

The growing emphasis on sustainability integrates eco-design and life cycle analysis into product development. Despite the value of LCAs, data limitations lead to assumptions, impacting accuracy. This study compares an estimation-based LCA with a data-driven approach, focusing on a laser machine's operational phase. The significant influence of resource consumption during operation underscores the necessity of optimization. Applying a data-driven approach reveals a 24% difference compared to the estimation-based method, emphasizing the challenges in obtaining accurate data for effective LCAs.
Selecting sustainability indicators for smart product design based on industry 4.0/5.0 technologies: analysis and proposal of a methodological framework
Authors: Marconnet Bertrand , Gaha Raoudha , Assuad Carla , Martinsen Kristian , Eynard Benoît
Published: May 2024

Industry 4.0 deals with a digital revolution, integrating technologies like Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Digital Twin, and Robotics. This transformation unlocks opportunities in engineering, addressing sustainability challenges. Stakeholders use I4.0 technologies, including Industry 5.0, to measure sustainability indicators. This paper reviews I4.0 technologies for assessing sustainability, offering an SI framework in manufacturing and smart product design. Decision-makers can optimize environmental, social, and economic impacts in smart product design using this framework.
Design strategies for consumers’ continued usage of reusable packaging systems (RPSS)
Authors: Miao Xueqing , Magnier Lise , Mugge Ruth
Published: May 2024

Reusable packaging systems are emerging as a promising solution to combat the growing issue of packaging waste. While consumers generally recognise the environmental advantages of reuse, their actual reuse behaviours may result in insufficient reuse and an unintentional undermining of sustainability efforts. We conducted two creative workshops, created a large number of potential design interventions and further developed them into 16 design strategies for consumers' continued usage of RPSs through thematic analysis. These findings can inspire future research and the development of RPSs.
Incorporating sustainability into product lifecycle management: a systematic literature review
Authors: Seegrün Anne , Hardinghaus Louis , Riedelsheimer Theresa , Lindow Kai
Published: May 2024

Amidst environmental, regulatory, and societal pressures, integrating sustainability into Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is key, evolving into Sustainable PLM (sPLM). This paper uses a systematic literature review and text-mining (C-value method) to categorise sPLM research into clusters, assess their integration at organisational levels, and evaluate the level's maturity. Findings highlight a gap in operational sPLM research. Future studies should bridge the gap between theory and industrial application, enhance sPLM operationalisation, and explore emerging technologies’ impact on sPLM.
Future design narratives: an interdisciplinary approach to a decolonial glossary
Authors: Schon Victoria Rodriguez , Celi Manuela
Published: May 2024

As design evolves, language serves as a bridge between envisioned futures and the ontological elements of design that shape them. This manuscript presents an alternative glossary that gathers words from diverse disciplines and practices intersected by a decolonial lens that challenges hegemonical narratives. The glossary of the world to come results from a three-day workshop that focused on language as a formal, normative, and subversive tool capable of defining future behaviour and destabilizing the present. The terms are some among the many that exist to form this decolonial world.
Explaining the rebound effects of sustainable design: a behavioural perspective
Authors: Van der Loo Imke G. H. , Pigosso Daniela C. A.
Published: May 2024

Despite its importance, the understanding of the behavioural mechanisms underlying rebound effects triggered by sustainable design is still limited. Through a systematic literature review, this study analyses and discusses 18 behavioural mechanisms. The key gaps of behavioural research on rebound effects are (1) limited in-depth analysis of different mechanisms (2); lack of clearly defined concepts; and (3) neglect of various research topics. To bring the behavioural understanding of rebound effects and sustainable design to a higher level, four key steps for future research are suggested.
Towards a unified absolute environmental sustainability decoupling indicator
Authors: Villers Manon , Pigosso Daniela C. A. , Howard Thomas J. , McAloone Tim C.
Published: May 2024

Manufacturing firms are facing the critical need to manage their business growth while staying within the biophysical limits of the planet. Absolute environmental sustainability decoupling (AESD) combines these goals and is one of the keys for manufacturing firms to achieve their sustainable transition. This study offers an initial contribution to categorise decoupling at the firm level while incorporating absolute environmental sustainability goals. It also explores the role of design in achieving AESD and opens doors for further research on manufacturing firms' sustainability transition.
Assessment of empowerment via inclusion of people in product lifecycle processes
Authors: Yaldiz Naz , Chakrabarti Amaresh
Published: May 2024

To address the issue of unbalanced development during a product's lifecycle, a change in the approach to product development processes is necessary. One way to achieve this is by development of the product that encourages the inclusion of people in the entire lifecycle. Inclusion is intended to influence societal empowerment via sharing of power among the people included in the lifecycle. This study proposes a framework for assessment of empowerment by the inclusion of people within a product lifecycle.
Design of a healthcare ecosystem to improve user experience in pediatric urotherapy
Authors: Bladt Lola , Blomme Rose-Farah , Nieuwhof-Leppink Anka J. , Vermandel Alexandra , De Win Gunter , Van Campenhout Lukas
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses challenges in pediatric urotherapy, focusing on low patient compliance and motivation. Informed by creative sessions with children aged 9-13y, a novel urotherapy ecosystem concept is designed. It includes a smart drinking bottle, context-aware reminder watch, home uroflowmeter, smartphone app, and clinician portal. Interconnected products, embodied interaction, stigma-free design, and a digital training buddy aim to enhance engagement, motivation, and patient experience. This concept showcases the potential of integrating diverse design methodologies in healthcare design.
Designing healthcare systems for earlier diagnosis and prevention of dementia
Authors: Newton Coco , Jung Jiwon , Kleinsmann Maaike S. , Clarkson P. John
Published: May 2024

Recent clinical trials have successfully slowed Alzheimer's disease dementia progression, but only in early-stage patients. Society must therefore shift to early diagnosis. By framing this is as an engineering design challenge, we argue that a systems approach will identify solutions by providing the means to validate dementia medical technologies from multiple levels and perspectives: society, government, public health, healthcare, and patient ecosystems. We show that new data-enabled design methods can facilitate these different granularities of thinking and outline the need for designers.
Toward a design methodology for configuring assistive wearables
Authors: Rosen David W. , Choi Christina Youngmi , Sinha Anoop Kumar
Published: May 2024

Wearable devices have some shared characteristics. They should conform to the wearer's size and shape, not interfere with desired activities, perform intended functions, be easily usable and comfortable, among others. Due to these shared characteristics, a common design methodology should be possible for designing wearables that assists designers in taking a systematic approach. We propose a configuration design method for wearables and sketch its elements. An example of a family of passive exoskeleton suits that assists with walking is presented to illustrate the configuration design process.
Design challenges in leveraging binder jetting technology to innovate the medical instrument field
Authors: Cocchi Lorenzo , Mariani Marco , Graziosi Serena , Viganò Roberto , Lecis Nora
Published: May 2024

Despite its significant advantages in terms of design freedom and the wide range of processable materials, the Binder Jetting technology has not yet received substantial attention in the healthcare field, especially concerning the fabrication of metal components. Hence, the paper investigates how this technology could be exploited to innovate the medical instrument field. Based on selected case studies, some preliminary design indications are derived on how to properly consider the various phases (i.e., printing, depowdering, and sintering) and related challenges of the Binder Jetting process.
Shame cues: detecting shame in disguise and playing with new perspectives to inform the design process
Authors: Trondsen June Kyong
Published: May 2024

This paper describes the creation of a tool named Shame Cues, a card deck consisting of 64 cards describing sociocultural concepts related to shame. The tool arose as an experiment to articulate an entanglement of diverse shame discourses into something relevant for designers. Building on the experience of using Shame Cues, the paper discusses how Shame Cues can support exploring the role of shame as given implicitly, through cultural manifestations, and in a practical sense, and how such an investigative lens can inform designers with more critical perspectives.
A Bayesian expert system for additive manufacturing design assessment
Authors: Rogers Benedict Alexander , Campbell Neill , Dhanda Mandeep , Lunt Alexander James George , Pegg Elise Catherine , Dhokia Vimal
Published: May 2024

Tools for analysing additive manufacturability often employ complex models that lack transparency; this impedes user understanding and has detrimental effects on the implementation of results. An expert system tool that transparently learns features for successful printing has been created. The tool uses accessible data from STL models and printer configurations to create explainable parameters and identify risks. Testing has shown good agreement to print behaviour and easy adaptability. The tool reduces the learning curves designers face in understanding design for additive manufacturing.
Nature's lessons, AI's power: sustainable process design with generative AI
Authors: Mas'udah Mas'udah , Livotov Pavel
Published: May 2024

In the realm of process engineering, the pursuit of sustainability is paramount. Traditional approaches can be time-consuming and often struggle to address modern environmental challenges effectively. This article explores the integration of generative AI, as a powerful tool to generate solution ideas and solve problems in process engineering using a Solution-Driven Approach (SDA). SDA applies nature-inspired principles to tackle intricate engineering challenges. In this study, generative AI is trained to understand and use the SDA patterns to suggest solutions to complex engineering challenges.
An AI-based prosthesis framework fostering an adaptive amputee healthcare service
Authors: Patiniott Nicholas , Borg Jonathan C. , Francalanza Emmanuel , Zammit Joseph P. , Vella Pierre , Gatt Alfred , Byhain Kristin Paetzold
Published: May 2024

Despite technological and medical advances, amputations continue to increase. Amputees face significant challenges when acquiring and using prosthetic devices, challenges which are made worse as their emotional needs, aspirations, mobility, prosthesis requirements and problems change over time. These challenges require custom solutions for each individual amputee, a fact that current amputee centered prosthesis services tend to ignore. The work reported in this paper contributes an AI based Prosthesis Development Service Framework to cater for the current and evolving needs of amputees.
Concept for enhanced intuition in development management through exploratory data analysis using an extended factor analysis of mixed data
Authors: Riesener Michael , Kuhn Maximilian , Lender Benjamin Nils Johannes , Schuh Günther
Published: May 2024

With the shift from mechanical value delivery to mechatronic value delivery, development environments are becoming more complex. Intuitive decision-making in development management is becoming increasingly challenging. Meanwhile, the use project management software is spreading, bringing about a new level of project data for development projects, holding to potential to enhance human decision making. To this end, the paper presents an extension to factor analysis of mixed data, which can facilitate usage of exploratory data analysis to improve decision-making in development project planning.
A conceptual MCDA-based framework for machine learning algorithm selection in the early phase of product development
Authors: Sonntag Sebastian , Pohl Erik , Luttmer Janosch , Geldermann Jutta , Nagarajah Arun
Published: May 2024

Despite the potential to enhance efficiency and improve quality, AI methods are not widely adopted in the context of product development due to the need for specialized applications. The necessary identification of a suitable machine learning (ML) algorithm requires expert knowledge, often lacking in companies. Therefore, a concept based on a multi-criteria decision analysis is applied, enabling the identification of a suitable ML algorithm for tasks in the early phase of product development. The application and resulting advantages of the concept are presented through a practical example.
Designers’ perceptions of a sensor-enabled diary method for enhancing user research
Authors: Taoka Yuki , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Nakatani Momoko , Saito Shigeki
Published: May 2024

This study proposes a diary method enabled with IoT sensors for user research in design. It addresses the limitations of diary methods by incorporating sensor data to trigger user self-reports. The focus is on how sensor data influences self-reports and designers' perceptions. Results show that sensor-enabled diaries offer more diverse content and overview of users’ lives and designers perceived the proposed method potentials, suggesting significant potential for IoT in user research.
Characterising the low-tech approach through a value-driven model
Authors: Gaultier Alexandre , Masclet Cédric , Boujut Jean-François
Published: May 2024

In this article, we argue that the low-tech narrative redefined by a French low-tech movement in recent years can be considered as a legitimate research object for design research. Based on the French low-tech movement's literature, we present the definitions of the low-tech concept as an approach driven by principles and highlight two theorical limitations of this type of definition. Based on a value-sensitive design approach, we present transdisciplinary research results through a value-driven low-tech model and discussed its limitations and possible use as a tool for engineers.
The connection between impressions, user experience and design specifications in technology-driven products
Authors: Zeynali Fatma Nur Gokdeniz , Alppay Ekrem Cem
Published: May 2024

In this study, the relationship between user experience, product appearance and emotional impressions generated by the user are examined through electric concept cars introduced by automotive companies in motor shows. The focus of the research is on the measurement of the emotional experiences that the interior design of the electric concept cars awakens in the user. The main purpose of the study is to open a discussion on the relation between the emotional impressions and product appearance.
Into the wonder – exploring the design of playables
Authors: Legaard Jesper Falck
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the concept of 'playables,' defined as tangible objects intentionally designed for immersive play, distinct from traditional utilitarian objects. It delves into how playables, unlike everyday items, transcend functionality, fostering creativity and curiosity in immersive play. It explores how playables differ from acknowledged design principles, drawing upon Dieter Rams and Don Norman. By recognizing the need for distinct design perspectives for playables, the paper contributes to unlocking their potential to enable wonder in immersive play experiences.
Demystifying the design process of demonstrators: contextual inquiry of two cases
Authors: Sviridova Aleksandra , Verlinden Jouke Casper
Published: May 2024

Over years of practice, industrial designers have developed three steps that always lead to a design solution: inspiration, ideation, and implementation. Usually, the result is a product, but sometimes it is a demonstrator, a versatile concept, combining design, engineering, and art. However, designers usually are not aware of this notion. But if the result is different, how does it affect the design process? The analysis of the contextual inquiry study of two demonstrators shows that the transformation should happen during the ideation phase, where abstract concept becomes a story.
Justice-Embedded Requirements Engineering (JERE) for system design
Authors: Arkhurst Bettina K. , Fu Katherine
Published: May 2024

We have a unique opportunity to consider justice in our design of a cleaner energy system. This paper introduces the Justice-Embedded Requirements Engineering (JERE) process, which was created to enable engineers to consider project goals, requirements, and potential project impacts on historically marginalized, climate-vulnerable communities. Given JERE's focus on energy technologies, we demonstrate the process using a concentrating solar power example. JERE provides engineers with a tool to better ensure justice is embedded in the system design process from the beginning.
Tailored metrics for assessing the quality of MBSE models
Authors: Graessler Iris , Wiechel Dominik , Oezcan Deniz , Taplick Patrick
Published: May 2024

System models are used to merge relevant engineering artefacts and relationships. Therefore, a high model quality must be ensured. Currently, there is no method for defining company-specific metrics to assess system model quality. In a six-step research approach, a method is defined: (1) literature analysis on quality assessment approaches, (2) derivation of success factors, (3) evaluation of approaches, (4) development of a method, (5) application in automotive industry, and (6) evaluation. The method supports system engineers to derive tailored metrics to objectively assess the model quality.
Towards an ontology to capture human attributes in human-robot collaboration
Authors: Hall Stephanie , Dhanda Mandeep , Dhokia Vimal
Published: May 2024

A core predicate of Industry 5.0 (I5.0) is the integration of human, environmental and social factors with new technologies. The integration of collaborative robots offers increased productivity but raises questions on safety and how robots can respond to varying cognitive and physical attributes. This paper discusses the significance of structured ontologies in managing complex information for proactive, safe, and productive human-robot collaboration. The paper highlights the future work to be undertaken to ensure the safe and fluid integration of humans and robots within I5.0.
Tool support for implementing a methodology in magnet development projects at CERN
Authors: Kaeske Jens , Wagner Erik , Albers Albert , Russenschuck Stephan
Published: May 2024

Abstract product development models, such as the Integrated Product Engineering Model (iPeM), are insightful yet complex, hindering practical application. The paper introduces a prototypical tool designed to simplify the application of iPeM. A case study at CERN showcases the tool's capability in utilizing the iPeM to streamline the tailoring of standards into methodologies for research environments. The tool's impact is evaluated through interviews at CERN. The findings suggest the tool's benefits, especially for individuals without formal project management backgrounds.
Supporting circular economy strategies for design of sustainable mechatronic systems using MBSE
Authors: Lipšinić Zvonimir , Husung Stephan , Pavković Neven , Weber Christian
Published: May 2024

The paper investigates approaches for implementing circular economy strategies, such as designing mechatronic products for longer service life by replacing, upgrading, or remanufacturing subsystems. The research aims at applying MBSE to provide the necessary support for dealing with the complexity of these approaches. Requirements and challenges for the development of MBSE support in this context are examined. An example of an EV battery system model shows the benefits and challenges of comprehensive system modelling and traceability in the context of circular economy strategies.
Designing for systems-of-systems resilience: from the individual to the planet
Authors: Pannunzio Valeria , Kipouros Timoleon , Khan Amber , Friday Laurie , Brayne Carol , Clarkson P. John
Published: May 2024

This contribution builds on the Design Framework for System-of-Systems Resilience to investigate the potential of a new systems resilience measuring approach inspired by the Frailty Index. To explore this research direction, we provide a brief overview of the evolution of the notion of resilience, offer a characterisation of systems resilience as an opposite of systems frailty, and perform a rapid review to identify and inspect existing multi-domain indices of community resilience. Finally, we suggest piloting the proposed system-of-systems resilience index in the Fens in the United Kingdom.
Using product profiles for retrospective case studies in SGE – system generation engineering
Authors: Pfaff Felix , Schlegel Michael , Völk Thomas Alexander , Reinheckel Karl Thomas , Albers Albert
Published: May 2024

Supporting product developers in innovating is an important task of design research. An invention and a valid need situation described through a product profile are necessary elements of innovation. But how can we derive recommendations on how to develop “innovative” products if the success of a product can only be measured retrospectively? Retrospective case studies are one approach to investigate relationships between context factors, variations in systems and product profiles, and innovation success. To investigate these, we use product profiles in case studies across system generations.
Automatic derivation of use case diagrams from interrelated natural language requirements
Authors: Schleifer Simon , Lungu Adriana , Kruse Benjamin , van Putten Sebastiaan , Goetz Stefan , Wartzack Sandro
Published: May 2024

Transferring natural language requirements to use case diagrams helps to avoid inherent ambiguities. However, this is usually a manual, time-consuming task that can be accelerated by utilizing Artificial Intelligence in terms of Natural Language Processing. Thus, this contribution proposes a conceptual framework for automatically grouping interrelated functional requirements and deriving use case diagrams by combining formerly isolated approaches. Moreover, the latter are evaluated by a qualitative potential analysis to support their future industrial application.
Enabling the design for circularity through circularity measures: breaking down the R-strategies into useful design measures
Authors: Schwahn Marie , Potinecke Thomas , Block Lukas , Werner Maximilian Jakob , Tarlosy Florian Stephan
Published: May 2024

Implementing a product design that incorporates circular economy aspects is a highly intricate task. Its complexity stems from various aspects, such as the interdependent solution space and the challenge to evaluate the impact of circular design in early development phases. To facilitate informed decision-making, a support system is necessary that integrates product-oriented circular measures, and derives their effect on the product's design and its circularity. We present an approach for such a support system, including its evaluation on the design of an automotive center console.
Merging agent-based simulation and vehicle dynamics: a hybrid approach for value exploration in the mining industry
Authors: Toller Melén Carl Nils Konrad , Machchhar Raj Jiten , Bertoni Alessandro
Published: May 2024

Innovation plays a vital role in ensuring sustainable mining operations. Electrification and autonomy are two significant trends, but their implementation brings complexity at vehicle and site levels. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how these technologies impact the overall site value creation. This paper suggests a hybrid approach that combines Agent-Based Simulation and vehicle dynamics modeling to explore site configurations. By regarding a mining site as a System-of-Systems, designers can concurrently test different designs to find the optimal combination for a specific scenario.
“This is MY PhD project… or is it?” Understanding perceived doctoral project ownership through psychological ownership mapping
Authors: Cedeno Michelle Rose , Porat Talya , Baxter Weston
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates PhD student's perceived feeling of project ownership and how it influences their project management. Drawing on psychological ownership (PO) theory and the PO mapping method, this study identifies distinct project ownership paths among students, revealing how project engagement can be improved. The findings demonstrate the importance of carefully considered and timely student-supervisor expectation discussions to help influence project ownership. To this end, the paper offers several routes of ownership that can influence project ownership among PhD students.
Towards simulation games in engineering design education – design and evaluation of a SE simulation game
Authors: Inkermann David , Ammersdörfer Theresa
Published: May 2024

Simulation games (SG) present a learning environment allowing 'what-if' analysis of solutions and decisions that may not be feasible in reality. Positive effects of SG are affected by the context of use, users, and the game design itself. Aim of our research is to investigate to which extent it is possible to represent interdependencies occurring between activities, methods, tools, and roles in real engineering projects by a SG and which prior knowledge is needed for the intended learning outcomes. Our research uses a SG prototype and interviews with industry experts and graduated students.
Scientometric exploration of responsible innovation: mapping the knowledge landscape
Authors: Fain Nuša , Vukašinović Nikola , Kastrin Andrej
Published: May 2024

While research into responsible innovation is not new, there have been recent calls to explore responsible product development, across different development stages and pillars of responsible innovation. In this paper, we use scientometric analysis to explore how the responsible innovation knowledge structure has evolved over the past 50 years. Our aim is to explore the relevance of the topic and propose future research orientations. Findings show that responsible innovation is an emerging topic warranting further investigation.
Gaps between reflection frameworks and students’ practice: implications for design education
Authors: Ito Akira , Taoka Yuki , Wan Echo , Sadek Malak , Mougenot Celine , Saito Shigeki
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to identify gaps between the reflection frameworks and students’ practice. Through a systematic literature review (PRISMA) and a qualitative survey of students, 12 reflection frameworks were reviewed, and the 13 challenges students faced at design projects in two design schools were identified. The results indicate three gaps between theory and students’ practice: skills of designers, granularities of reflection items, and supports of bridging reflection to next actions. This study provides insights for future development of support tools to bridge the gaps in design education.
Descriptive study of the integration of sustainability through the doughnut in an engineering training material
Authors: Lalevée Alexis , Gillot Claudine , Troussier Nadège , Blanco Eric
Published: May 2024

We need to integrate socioecological issues into our activities. Engineers and designers need to develop competencies in sustainability, but it exists a lack of support in an academic context and for the training of professionals. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the Doughnut is a support for developing sustainability competencies. In the literature, these competencies are identified and pedagogical experiences on their integration in engineering curricula are reported. We use the doughnut in a workshop as an element of understanding and developing competencies for sustainability.
Fostering innovation through bio-inspired projects in engineering design education
Authors: Nagel Jacquelyn , Pidaparti Ramana
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses the C-K theory approach and developing templates for student's use in design courses, specifically for the conceptual design phase. Examples of C-K templates are reviewed to demonstrate the process leading to a design solution. Analysis of student's work using these templates are presented and discussed with respect to design learning attributes and design innovation during the conceptual design. Student reflections from their final design reports indicated that students did develop knowledge and skills in bio-inspired design, collaboration, and interdisciplinary mindsets.
Bridging the green talent gap: a case study of product design education
Authors: Weiss Bernd Michael , Elnourani Mohamed , Obilanade Didunoluwa , Rönnbäck Anna Öhrwall , Arjoo Arjoo
Published: May 2024

This research examines how sustainable product design education can address the deficit in green talent. It presents a framework for a structured curriculum in product design, with hands-on activities, industry-specific case studies, and best practices in alternative design development. The impact of technologies like additive manufacturing on design is considered. Findings demonstrate that knowledge of technological capabilities, industry specific understanding, and proficiency in analytical tools such as Life Cycle Assessments contribute to sustainable designs mitigating a green talent gap.
Challenges in product variant costing – a case study
Authors: Nørgaard Morten , Grønvald Jakob Meinertz , Christensen Carsten Keinicke Fjord , Mortensen Niels Henrik
Published: May 2024

This study explores challenges in decision-making for product design due to insufficient cost transparency because of product variety across the value chain. Utilizing a literature review and a case study on a company, it delves into issues such as value chain consideration, product family assessment, linking effects to specific product levels, and converting measured effects. Highlighting the critical need to address these challenges for decision-making. Future research should focus on a comprehensive costing framework, explore effect interdependencies, and expand the value chain analysis.
Approaches to reducing gear mass and their effects on gearing stresses and deformations
Authors: Vlašićek Dorian , Miler Daniel , Mašović Robert , Žeželj Dragan
Published: May 2024

This study compares empirical and topology optimization methods for reducing gear body mass. Specimens produced via empirical guidelines and topology optimization were compared to referent full-disc gear, focusing on stresses and deformations. Values were determined numerically (Ansys was used) and the calculation method was verified using ISO 6336. The empirical approach exhibited substantial increases in stress and deformation while topology optimization method had promising outcomes. While decreasing mass, it also diminished tooth root stress on the tensile side by 17.1%.
Computing solution spaces for gear box design
Authors: Ziegler Klara , Demir Kutay , Luft Thomas , Mucks Thomas , Fürst Marius , Otto Michael , Stahl Karsten , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Zimmermann Markus
Published: May 2024

The design of gear boxes is a complex challenge characterized by conflicting requirements and seemingly circular dependencies. Existing tools support engineers but focus on a single predefined design, often leading to costly iterative processes and non-optimal solutions. Solution Space Engineering (SSE) alleviates this by generating multiple designs represented by solution spaces. For this, a particular model structure is needed, and thus restructuring existing models, e.g., from industry standards. The application of solution spaces to a two-stage gear box is presented.
Gamification as an innovative method in user experience design
Authors: Kessing David , Katzwinkel Tim , Löwer Manuel
Published: May 2024

The growing research field of gamification promises new insights and innovative methods for the active design of user experience. This article examines the extent to which gamification complements the established methods of user experience design in the context of product development. To this end, assessment criteria are proposed that can be used to evaluate human-centred design methods. A qualitative comparison is then used to determine the added value of the innovative field of gamification for future user experience design in consumer products.
Relation between purpose of individual agile elements and the need for their adaptation in product design & development
Authors: Michalides Marvin , Weiss Stefan , Gadzo Emir , Paetzold-Byhain Kristin , Koch Alexander
Published: May 2024

Empirical studies show that adaptations of existing agile methods are necessary for developing physical products creating obstacles and challenges. This paper aggregates the gathered findings from several cross-sectional industry surveys and establishes a relationship between the extent of utilization of individual agile elements based on Scrum and the need to adapt these elements in applying agile procedural models. The emphasis of examination resides in the purpose perspective of agile elements with the aim of facilitating context-specific adaptations more effectively.
Drivers and barriers for design and designers in interdisciplinary product development – a literature-based conceptual model
Authors: Stoehr Bernd , Koldewey Christian , Dumitrescu Roman
Published: May 2024

Design is associated with many benefits for businesses, ranging from successful products and brands to greater economic success. However, companies still have difficulties in unlocking the potential of design. This publication develops a literature-based conceptual model that outlines necessary organizational factors and their interrelation to create an environment for design and designers to thrive. At the same time, it explains why companies are having difficulties in leveraging the benefits of design. Further research directions are derived to strengthen the role of design and designers.
Design delusions and prototyping: eliciting the link between prototypes and product performance
Authors: Ege Daniel Nygård , Goudswaard Mark , Gopsill James , Hicks Ben , Steinert Martin
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the relationship between the number and type of prototypes developed in rapid prototyping contexts, a team's performance self-estimations, and final actual performance. Findings suggest a strong correlation between each of these elements, with the converse also found to be true, motivating the introduction of the concept of Design Delusion - a type of cognitive dissonance due to differences between perceived and actual states. The paper suggests that early prototyping helps identify and mitigate design delusion, improving design decisions and preventing technical debt.
Enhancing design representations of information and knowledge of complex and long-living assets by applying system modelling techniques
Authors: Laukotka Fabian Niklas , Berschik Markus Christian , Krause Dieter
Published: May 2024

Managing general domain knowledge and asset-specific information in the form of digital representations is especially important and challenging when focusing on long-living and complex assets. Implicit knowledge and existing structures need to be captured and digitalised, ideally without introducing unnecessary complexity through unfamiliar wording or new structures. To achieve this, a methodical approach that utilises ontologies as well as system modelling techniques and focuses on early-stage model instantiation is presented and applied to the cabin retrofit of aircraft
Introducing a multipliable BOM-based automatic definition of information retrieval in plant engineering
Authors: Layer Max , Neubert Sebastian , Stelzer Ralph
Published: May 2024

The complexity of process plants and the growing demand for digitalization require efficient and accurate information retrieval throughout the lifecycle phases of a process plant. This paper discusses the concept of instantiation and introduces a method for identifying and multiplying required information in plant engineering using scalable so-called Instantiation Blocks linked to the Bill of Material. Core functionality, an ontology graph and a user interface based on Python and React are developed to demonstrate the implementation of the framework and validate its effectiveness in practice.
Intelligent competency mapping for improving knowledge management in consulting firms
Authors: Mirafzal MohammadReza , Fhal Sabrine , Wadhera Piyush , Stal-Le Cardinal Julie
Published: May 2024

This study explores the application of competency mapping models, incorporating in knowledge management for consulting firms. It evaluates 15 different models, focusing on their suitability for consulting contexts based on data collection, advantages, risks, and limitations. The findings indicate that AI and ML-enhanced competency mapping models are particularly more effective in consulting firms. Finally, the article proposes three key applications of these models for improving knowledge management in consulting firms via empowering communities and collaboration.