bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGRAM BUDGETING IN MANAGING PUBLIC FINANCES
Authors: Arkadeva Olga G. , Gorshkova Karina S.
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and the economic recession significantly reduced the amount of financial resources that were supposed to be used to solve the most acute problems of social development, which caused the need to update and rethink the theoretical and practical experience in the functioning of targeted programs as a tool for managing public finances of the Russian Federation. The article summarizes the problems of developing program budgeting at the present stage, it indicates the sources of their origin. The study was carried out using a set of general scientific methods; empirical results were obtained by observing and collecting data on practical implementation of state and municipal programs from official sources. The authors performed a critical analysis of scientific publications and reports of state and local government bodies on the development of program budgeting and public finance management. The shift in the perspective of scientific research in comparison with the initial stage of implementing the program principles of public finance management is indicated. The authors highlighted the main methodological difficulties that prevent qualitative improving the tools of program budgeting in general, as well as at each of the management levels separately. The key shortcomings in the practical application of program budgeting are formulated and their logical connection with the factors that constrain the pace and influence the vector of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation is indicated. The directions of further improving program budgeting are given and the conditions for on target efficiency of both new and established methods and techniques that affect the final effectiveness of state and municipal programs are stipulated. The results of the study can be used to adjust the strategic and program documents of the authorities in order to improve the management of public finances.
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE SOCIO-ECONOMIC REGULATION
Authors: Bondarenko Natalia V.
Published: March 2021

The article substantiates the need to study the issues of strategic planning the development of the territories of the Russian Federation in modern economic conditions. The role of state regulation in solving the issues of rationalization in financial resources distribution to create optimum conditions to form the socio-economic environment of regional development is determined. The resource base of regional development is studied. The main problems affecting the formation of the system for regional development strategic planning are identified. Currently, the legislative and regulatory framework for strategic planning and forecasting available in Russia is mainly descriptive, which is a serious obstacle for the formation of a unified territorial development scheme. The problems presented in the article show that in this situation, the task of optimizing the system of centralized regions management advances to the forefront. It is the strategic vision of the formation of the national economic complex in the development of the state that will optimize this system. The most effective directions for the strategic development of Russian regions, forming the general level of state development are proposed. Despite the already established system of relatively independent planning regions' development by the regions themselves, the role of the state in the final determining the direction of socio-economic development in general remains unchanged. It is the state that chooses the methods of regulation. Solving these tasks will enable the state to form and control the system of strategic planning for the development of regions and the state as a whole as efficiently as possible.
TAX RISKS WHEN DOING BUSINESS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Zotikov Nikolay Z.
Published: March 2021

The tax legislation does not contain a clear definition of the term "tax risks". Setting up and expanding a private business is not an easy task. Apart from the idea and a great desire to do business, financial resources are necessary, the investment of which does not always bring benefits. Risks in doing business are on the watch for any entrepreneur, not only a beginner, but that who has been running his business for more than a year as well. When finances are invested in any business, the risk is always present. The causes for tax risks uprising may be: frequently changing tax legislation, in connection with which the business does not have time to master the changing rules of the game in time; failure (late) execution of fiscal liabilities in the manner and time limits provided for by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation; work with unscrupulous partners; transactions between related parties (violation of pricing rules for these transactions); minimizing taxes by applying optimization methods not provided for by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Tax risks exist not only for taxpayers, but for the state as well, which is associated with a possible decrease in tax revenues, which are the financial component of the budget. The article provides a classification of risks, factors that cause tax risks in an organization. The level of risk remains high when working with counterparties, and therefore, despite the adoption of Article 54.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, which replaced the concept of obtaining unjustified tax benefits, the importance of caution and prudence in choosing a counterparty does not become weaker. The author presents the key performance indicators of the control work carried out by the tax authorities for 2016–2019.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SURGICAL SAFETY CHECKLIST ON KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLIANCE OF NURSES AT THE CENTRAL SURGICAL INSTALLATION OF BETHESDA HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA 2020
Authors:   Hospital Administration Masters Study Program, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Muhammadiyah University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, HASTANTO BAYU HENDRO
Published: March 2021

Background : One of the services provided by the hospital is surgery in the operating room carried out by a team of doctors and nurses. The application of the Surgical Safety Checklist adopted from the World Health Organization (WHO) is used in the operating room to increase the safety of operations and reduce errors in surgical procedures. Goals : to find out the development and implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist on Nurse compliance at the Central Surgical Installation of Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta. Research methods: This research is a mixed method. The sample in this study were all nurses who served in the operating room at the Central Surgical Installation of Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, consisting of 40 respondents as instrument nurses, circular nurses and anesthesia nurses. The data that had been collected were then analyzed using the Fisher exact test statistical test. Research result: There is a significant relationship between work tenure and knowledge p = 0.048 (p <0.05). There is a significant relationship between age and work tenure on compliance with the application of the Surgical Safety Checklist (p <0.05). There is a significant relationship between knowledge and compliance p = 0.0001 (p <0.05). Conclusion: The development and application of the Surgical Safety Checklist on the level of knowledge and compliance of nurses at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, the majority in the good category and the implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist has been running optimally. Bethesda Hospital is developing electronic medical records, on process medical and nursing assessment, Integrated Patient Progress Record (CPPT), and nursing care, response from the implementation of the new version of SSC is quite good.
Business Vulnerability and Credit Access for Agriculture-Based Micro and Small Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Martokoesoemo Dewi Ratna Sjari , Sinaga Bonar M. , Kusnadi Nunung , Syaukat Yusman
Published: March 2021

Micro and Small Industries (MSIs) constitute the largest share of Indonesia’s manufacturing sector and play an important role in providing employment opportunities and value-added creation. However, their business sustainability and scaling up are often hindered by various factors, one of which is access to credit. The subsidized loan scheme provided by the government, namely People’s Business Credit (KUR), appears to be insufficiently attractive to entrepreneurs, especially to Micro and Small Women Entrepreneurs (MSWEs). Employing a logit regression method and utilizing the BPS-Statistics Indonesia’s 2015 MSI survey data, this study aims to investigate factors affecting MSWEs’ decision to apply for bank loans and factors contributing to the approval of their credit applications by banks. The results show that MSWEs have low participation in credit borrowing, partially due to business vulnerability and self-rationing attitude, while credit application rejection is caused mainly by banks’ conservative approach to MSWEs. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.
A Decomposition Analysis of Fertility: Evidence from DKI Jakarta and East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Mangunsong Farma
Published: March 2021

Fertility control has been one of the priorities of development in Indonesia. However, the 2000 and 2010 population censuses showed an increase in fertility indicators. To identify the sources of increased fertility in developed and less developed areas, DKI Jakarta and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces were selected for comparison. Using 2000 and 2010 census data, the decomposition analysis shows that the increase in Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of DKI Jakarta was dominated by the increase in nuptiality rate, while the increase in TFR of East Nusa Tenggara was mainly caused by the increase in Marital Fertility Rate (MFR). The highest increase in the proportion of married women in DKI Jakarta occurs in the age group of 15-19 years old, followed by the age group of 20–24 years old. The increase in MFR in East Nusa Tenggara occurs in nearly all age groups, particularly in the age groups of 30–34 and 35–39 years old. Identifying the sources of the increase in TFR is important for population policy to support population growth control, fertility reduction, and human resource quality improvement. The main suggestions based on the findings are the promotion of higher educational level and the benefits of postponing marriage among the younger age groups in DKI Jakarta as well as the use of contraceptive methods to control birth rate in East Nusa Tenggara.
The Role of Banking Services in Determining the Destination Countries for Indonesia’s Non-Oil and Gas Export
Authors: Satriani Rini , Machmud T. M. Zakir
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine whether the risk factor and banking services play a significant role in determining not only the export performance of a country but also the pattern of export destination markets, with the reference to the case of Indonesia. These two indicators are interrelated because the risk factor in export transactions can be mitigated by banking sector. Using the data of export Letter of Credits (LCs) for non-oil and gas exports of Indonesia as a banking instrument to mitigate special risk transactions to 102 export destination countries as well as a panel data methodology for the 2011–2018 period, this study discovers that the risk of export destination countries affects the decline in non-oil and gas exports of Indonesia to the alleged high-risk countries that are non-traditional export markets of Indonesia by 8.34%. In contrast, the LCs only significantly affect the increase in non-oil and gas exports of Indonesia to the lowand medium-risk countries by 0.024–0.029%, most of which are traditional export markets of Indonesia. It implies that banking sector in general does not have the appetite for providing financing for Indonesian exporters attempting to penetrate non-traditional export markets. This result underlines that commercial banks in Indonesia have a significant role in shaping the pattern of destination countries for Indonesian export. Consequently, government intervention is essentially needed by assuming or sharing part of the risk with state banks supposing the government continues to expect exporters to be able to penetrate into the non-traditional countries.
YAZI TİPLERİNİN İLETİŞİM AÇISINDAN ÖNEMİ
Authors: IŞIR Öznur , TANYEL BAŞAR Çiğdem , İNCE Metin
Published: March 2021

Bir metin yazarken kullanılacak yazı tipi ile ilgili olarak bilinçli ya da bilinçsiz olarak bir tercih yaparız. Bu seçimin ise iletişim açısından ne kadar önemli olduğunun pek çok kişi farkında değildir. Oysa sözlü iletişimde ses tonu ve vurgu söylediğimiz bir “merhaba” kelimesine nasıl içten, resmi, öfkeli ya da alaycı bir ifade katıyorsa, yazılı iletişimde de seçilen yazı tipi de benzer bir işlev görmektedir. Bu açıdan yazı tipi tercihlerinin bilinçli olarak gerçekleştirilmesi mesajın karşı tarafa doğru ve etkili biçimde ulaşması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda özellikle genç bireylerde farkındalık yaratmak amacı ile gerçekleştirilen uygulamaya 23 öğrenci katılmıştır. Uygulama sonunda yapılan likert tipi anket ve açık uçlu görüşme formu analiz edilerek bulgular alanyazından alıntılarla desteklenerek sunulmuştur.
Self-efficacy and Critical Thinking of Novice and Experienced EFL Teachers: A Sequential Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Rashtchi Mojgan
Published: March 2021

Self-efficacy and critical thinking (CT) contribute to teachers’ successful performance in their profession and can ultimately develop the education system of society. The researcher designed a sequential explanatory mixed methods study to follow three objectives in exploring practical opportunities for EFL teacher development. First, it examined the relationship between SE and CT of novice and experienced teachers. Next, it investigated whether the two groups differed in the two variables. Third, it explored whether an instruction on CT skills could promote teachers’ thinking skills and self-efficacy. The results of Pearson’s r showed a positive correlation between the two dispositions. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the CT and self-efficacy of the groups. In the second phase, a quantitative study with a static group comparison design was followed by a qualitative study that investigated participants’ improvement after receiving training on thinking skills. The results of the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) indicated statistically significant differences between the groups’ self-efficacy and CT. At the final step, volunteers from the experimental group were interviewed to clarify the results obtained from the quantitative phase. The study has implications for teachers and teacher trainers.
Urban English Learners’ Perceptions Towards the Influence of Second Language Identity on Employment Opportunities in Malaysia
Authors: Singh Minder Kaur Parthaman , Liew Jo Yee , Siau Ching Sin
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify and investigate urban English learners’ perceptions towards their second language identity in Malaysia and the influence of the said identity on their employment opportunities in Malaysia. This research was an exploratory study that employed a qualitative research design. The data was analysed for second language identity development factors and participants’ perception on the influence of their English language identity on their employment opportunities. The second language identity development factors identified were personal, social, professional, educational and learning environment. These factors were found to have influenced the participants’ second language identity development. The participants’ perception on the influence of their English language identity on their employment opportunities were analysed and discussed. This study has implications for studies on English language proficiency and employment opportunities in Malaysia as well as providing English educators with a different outlook on the resources used to teach English learners. Recommendations for future studies include conducting a long-term project that involves participants noting down their narratives such as a photo-elicitation project, to use as data for furthering this research.
Filipino Families in Slum Communities and their Tales of Survival in Times of Pandemic: An Exploration of Wellness Dimensions
Authors: Tanucan Jem Cloyd M. , Bojos Marlon T.
Published: March 2021

In this time of pandemic where the balance of wellness dimensions is disrupted, neglecting any dimension can impact adversely on the people’s life most especially those who are deprived including their coping strategies and ultimately their survival. A key factor is to ensure that services and policies are in synched with the state of wellness dimensions. This study examined the state of wellness of the thirty purposively selected families in five slum communities in Cebu, Philippines in times of pandemic. One-on-one semi-structured interview was used in order to gather significant data. Discourse analysis was applied which brought about their tales of survival in synched with their eight wellness dimensions. The findings elaborated that the pandemic and the different mitigation measures to curb it, had taken a heavy toll on the wellness of Filipino families in slum communities. However, this did not topple their resiliency and survivability as the social services and other crisis mitigation policies and strategies afforded by the national government and private sectors, albeit insufficient, including the peculiar Filipino attributes and individual initiatives they manifested and done were instrumental. Furthermore, noting that the essential support and services provided for the families in the slum communities were not holistic enough to address the multi-faceted issues hounding their different wellness dimensions, hence, stemming some non-conforming behaviors despite strict quarantine measures. This study recommends that pandemic mitigation measures including essential support and services be reviewed and enhanced in high consideration of human wellness dimensions for them to be more inclusive and holistic.
Participation of Individuals with Disabilities in Political Activities: Voices from Jordan
Authors: Rahahleh Zahraa Jamel , Hyassat Mizyed AbdelFattah , Alramamneh AbdelLatif Khalaf , Sabayleh Obaid Abdalkarim , Al-Awamleh Ra’ad AbdEl Kareem , Alrahamneh Azeez Ahmad
Published: March 2021

This qualitative study examines the participation of individuals with disabilities in political activities in Jordan: a topic on which there is little existing literature despite its capacity to promote successful social integration. Data for this study was gathered by conducting sixteen semi-structured interviews with individuals with disabilities and was then examined collectively using thematic analysis, in the context of related literature and medical and social models of disability. The resulting findings revealed that the most prevalent obstacles that people with disabilities encountered regarding participating in political activities were poor communication, their own negative attitudes towards politics and politicians, and inaccessible physical environments.
Assessment of Political Participation and Democratic Governance in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic
Authors: Othman Muhammad Fuad , Okpe Victor Vincent
Published: March 2021

Generally, this study examined the state of political participation and democratic governance in Nigeria’s fourth republic. It relied mainly on descriptive qualitative research approach and secondary sources of data such as journal articles, books, reports from political parties amongst other works from scholars on politics, democracy and governance in the fourth republic. The study equally adopted the liberal democratic theory as its framework of analysis. The emerged result revealed that political participation and democratic governance in the fourth republic had not been in the favor of the populace. It further revealed negative indices against the system such as political and electoral violence, corruption, weak institutions of democracy, godfatherism, poor provision of positive leadership, poverty, inequalities, political intolerance, manipulation of electoral processes, blatant act of impunity, lawlessness, selfish interest and militarization. They have led to lack of trust on the political leaders, and by implication, remains a huge challenge against popular participation, democratic governance and consolidation. These ills are in sharp contrast with the tenets of the liberal democratic theory. Based on the above revelations, therefore, the study believes that it is pertinent that the political leadership must not only practice what is obtainable in the fourth republic constitution but must equally adhere to the doctrines of a liberal democratic system. The political system and the electoral processes must be violent free to encourage popular participation and consolidation of democracy. The citizens must also endeavor to hold their leaders accountable.
Alienation Effect in Kee Thuan Chye’s Wayang Kulit Adaptations in 1984 Here and Now and The Big Purge
Authors: Termizi Arbaayah Ali , Ying Hoo Poh , Mohd Said Nur Aainaa Amira , Sani Faris Abdullah
Published: March 2021

Existing studies have acknowledged the respective influence of Brechtian epic theatre and the adaptation of wayang kulit in Kee Thuan Chye’s plays, though largely keeping them as two separate entities. This paper focuses on Kee’s adaptation of wayang kulit in his first two published plays, namely 1984 Here and Now and The Big Purge to examine its functions in generating the Brechtian alienation effect in the selected plays. The rationales behind the increased scale of wayang kulit adaptation in The Big Purge compared to 1984 Here and Now is also explored in tandem with Kee’s alleged increase in theatrical subtlety. In the findings, the adaptation of wayang kulit in the selected plays correlates to the Brechtian alienation effect through the means of the incongruity of the wayang kulit, the role of the dalang or puppeteer and the fragmented plot structure of the wayang kulit metadrama. In The Big Purge, Kee’s increased scale of wayang kulit adaptation reflects his swerve to a more subtle style of writing as a reaction to the public perception of 1984 Here and Now and his first wayang adaptation in the play.
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Kapampangan Flagellants – Kristos
Authors: Sibug Nestor Lambino , David Sarmiento Philip Joseph , Samia Cristina Canlas , Lumanlan Paolo Tayag , Bonus Benita Malonzo
Published: March 2021

In the province of Pampanga, Philippines, Holy Week is one of the highlighted seasons of the year. Seemingly, during this time, there are a number of flagellants (called ‘Kristos’) who want to be crucified as a form of penitence and supplication. However, after a thorough search of published literature, the researchers found a dearth in the body of knowledge focusing on the experiences of these flagellants. Therefore, this interpretative phenomenological study sought to unearth and interpret the lived experiences of Kapampangan Kristos. Five (5) Kristos voluntarily participated in the individual face-to-face interview using semi-structured questions. Findings revealed that there are three (3) superordinate themes namely: prosaic family life, spiritual drift, and looking back-moving forward reflection. Recommendation for future research undertakings to consider in-depth psychological analysis on the lived experiences of Kristos.
Analysis on the Synergy between Aviation Logistics and the High-quality Development of Regional Economy
Authors: Gan Juan , Wang Chunxi
Published: March 2021

With the continuous deepening of my country’s market economy reform, different changes have occurred in the internal and external environmental development of my country’s economy, and a corresponding economic structure contradiction system has also been formed in the development process, which has led to my country’s current economic development background scientific and technological innovation capabilities Has been affected, coupled with increasingly fierce international competition. Therefore, in the development process, in order to achieve more long-term goals and promote the steady growth of our country’s economy, the relevant departments have changed the traditional resource consumption to promote economic development in the development process, and instead use modern resource control and environmentally friendly methods to promote the economy. Develop and create a corresponding high-end economic system.Therefore, my country’s aviation logistics has become an important support for regional and economic development, and has also become a strategic industry that the country focuses on.
Ensuring compliance with International Humanitarian Law: the EU, France, and Spain
Authors: Steible Bettina
Published: March 2021

Contemporary armed conflicts in different parts of the world, most notably in Syria, have shown that one of the greatest challenges of International Humanitarian Law (hereafter, ‘IHL’) is the lack of a centralized monitoring mechanism in charge of ensuring that it is correctly applied and enforced. While it is difficult to have access to reliable figures on the number of civilian casualties in armed conflicts, there is no doubt that too many men, women, and children are killed unlawfully every day in blatant violation of IHL. Against this background, the involvement of the European Union (hereafter, ‘EU’) in this field, formalized with the adoption of the Guidelines on Promoting Compliance with IHL in 2005 1, constitutes a promising development for the respect and promotion of IHL. The objective of this thesis is therefore to analyze to what extent the EU and two of its Member States – France and Spain – ensure respect for IHL pursuant to Common Article 1 to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.
Comparative Study of Machine Learning Algorithms on Binary Dataset
Authors: Puri Rajat , Patil Digvijay
Published: March 2021

In the world of Machine Learning, there are a lot of machine learning models to choose from for classification and decision making. Choosing the right model requires one to take in consideration various metrics like accuracy, computation time, F1 score, etc. This paper aims at comparing the performance of various such machine learning models. We use the diabetes symptoms dataset for this study. This dataset contains sixteen factors that have been seen in diabetic patients that includes age, gender, obesity, etc. The emphasis is on comparing various Machine Learning models including likes of Decision Trees, Neural Networks, etc. Decision Trees gave the best results with an accuracy of 96% and a computation time of 0.0288 seconds. Gaussian Naive Bayes was the least accurate with an accuracy of 89% and a computation time of 0.39 seconds. The great performance of Decision Trees can be attributed to the fact that the independent factors and output classes are binary and hence classification is easier and more accurate for decision trees. This paper aims at highlighting the difference in performance of various Machine Learning models based on the type of dataset used. Each model has a dataset that is most suited to it for the best possible performance.
Farmer Friend
Authors: Krishna R. P Sooraj , . Sreevijay , Raj M Vipul , S. K Vysagh , T Sujatha
Published: March 2021

We are showcasing different methods which will be useful to develop a recommendation system for smart farming. The system proposed for monitoring weather conditions in a particular place like temperature, humidity and changes in environment. A soil moisture sensor as the name indicates is used to determine the moisture present in the soil. The moisture of the soil depends upon various factors such as type of soil whether its sandy, clay, loam, sandy loam and salts present in soil such as iron, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulphur etc. it also depends upon temperature.
ITGB6 may promote proliferation and invasion in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhong Chao , Li Zhi-Xi , Yang Ling-Jing , Wu Gang , Xiang Bo , Wang Yu-Lan , Zhou Qing
Published: March 2021

Introduction

The ITGB6 gene encoding a protein that can regulate the integrin v6 heterodimer protein expression in different status was shown to play an important role in multiple human cancers, such as brain cancer, colon cancer and oral cancer, and is related to clinical progression. This study aims to explore the function and the mechanism of the ITGB6 gene or protein in pancreatic cancer.

Material and methods

We examined the expression of ITGB6 in pancreatic cancer using immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relationship between the expression of ITGB6 and the clinicopathologic features in pancreatic cancer patients. In addition, a bioinformatic method was used to analyze the ITGB6 mRNA level in pancreatic tumor tissues compared with normal pancreatic tissues and to analyze the correlation between high KIF23 expression and prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. Moreover, colony formation assay, MTT assay, cell scratch, cell invasion and western blot assays in vitro and a xenograft mouse model in vivo were performed to analyze the effect of KIF23 on proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.

Results

Increased expression of ITGB6 was significantly correlated with poor clinical outcome in both our clinical data and TCGA data of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, functional assays revealed that ITGB6 knockdown in vivo and in vitro might inhibit cancer cell proliferation and the ability of invasion or migration.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that ITGB6 is associated with pancreatic cancer malignant progression. Hence, ITGB6 may serve as a potential target of pancreatic cancer for future research, and further study is needed.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL TIMBANGAN PADA PRAKTIK JUAL BELI PINANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Kadarsih Sri , Musthofa M. Arif , Lukito Herdiawan
Published: March 2021

The backgroud of this reseach is started from the point of view of the public abaout the practice of weighing Pinang Kampoeng Laut in the region. In practice if observed cerefully there some things in the process og weighing and the buying and selling of were in syari’ah law. Qualitative reseach methods that were used is descriptive namely expressed and describe, namely narrative elaborate on from the reseach in the field. The reseach result show that the practice in Kampung Laut weighing, Kecamatan Kuala Jambi, Tanjung Jabung Timur conducted using the sitting and practice from weighing occouring between farmers and Toke Pinang it where there are cutting the number and in economic. Peoples in trade and in their district of eastern cape not conforming to the rules of islam,economic perspective because not obey the rules in trade and contary to the koran as a sorce of islamic law
PERAN KIAI DALAM MENCERDASKAN BANGSA
Authors: Falah Saiful
Published: March 2021

Kiai as community leaders have a big role in the efforts of national intelligence. Through pesantren education institutions, kiyai eradicate ignorance. Kyai and his pesantren are the lighters of society. The knowledge of religion and general was concocted by the kyai to equip the students to achieve a more noble future. This paper analyzes the role of KH. Ahmad Sanusi in educating the community through the establishment of Islamic educational institutions. This study uses a literature study approach. The author searches for information through books written by figures and books written by other people about KH. Ahmad Sanusi. This study found that KH. Ahmad Sanusi played a very important role in the intellectualization of the nation. Especially in West Java. The educational institutions he founded, including the Genteng Islamic Boarding School, the Gunung Puyuh Islamic Boarding School and the AII School, have given birth to many scholars in West Java. KH students. Ahmad Sanusi established educational institutions in other areas. So that the spread of the influence of Ahmad Sanusi's vision of education in West Java is massive
El valor pedagógico de Telegram como complemento del mobile learning en la formación en finanzas: aplicación práctica a un caso de estudio
Authors: De los Ríos Medina Javier
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo ha obtenido el 1.er Premio Estudios Financieros 2020 en la modalidad de Educación y Nuevas Tecnologías.
Esta investigación analiza el valor pedagógico de Telegram como complemento para el mobile learning en la formación en un curso de finanzas personales en el que participaron 1.205 alumnos.
La base teórica se sustenta sobre los constructos desarrollados en la teoría de aceptación de la tecnología (technology acceptance model [TAM]) y en los 10 criterios de Nokelainen en relación con la usabilidad pedagógica.
La pregunta de investigación relaciona positivamente el uso de Telegram con los modelos de aprendizaje, la labor de los docentes, la interrelación de los alumnos, la importancia de los contenidos y el uso de los dispositivos.
Las conclusiones son muy positivas, ya que Telegram destaca por su alto grado de satisfacción en relación con el modelo de aprendizaje –con una tasa de abandono máxima del 2,90 %–, es un magnífico complemento para el desempeño de los docentes y se incrementa su potencial con el empleo de contenidos audiovisuales y la utilización de multidispositivos indistintamente.
Security in Quantum Computing
Authors: Petrache Ana Lavinia , Suciu George
Published: March 2021

Quantum key distribution will bring more confidentiality and privacy of communication in the future ICT world and will solve the eavesdropping issue. Domains regarded are e-government, e-commerce, e-health, transmission of biometric data, intelligent transport systems and more. So far, quantum researches focus on using properties of the qubit to bring improvements in technologies from our days.  The purpose of this paper is to describe the quantum encryption methods. These methods can bring more efficiency of security in existing communications. In this matter, many encryption architectures have been proposed. As an example, the QKD architecture is presented in this paper.
The use of specialized products of children’s dietary medical nutrition for children with organic aciduria (acidemia)
Authors: Семенова Н.А. , Шестопалова Е.А. , Лязина Л.В. , Куцев С.И.
Published: March 2021

Целью данного исследования было изучить эффективность и переносимость специализированных продуктов детского диетического лечебного питания у детей с наследственными нарушениями обмена аминокислот с рождения до трех лет. Проведено открытое, многоцентровое, проспективное, неконтролируемое исследование. В исследование включены 8 пациентов с установленным диагнозом в возрасте от рождения до 2 лет 11 месяцев. Пациенты были распределены на группы в зависимости от диагноза и вида исследуемого продукта (ИП). Оценка эффективности проводилась в соответствии с принципами надлежащей клинической практики, на основании полученных клинических и лабораторных данных. На протяжении всего исследования все пациенты успешно принимали ИП. Диспепсических явлений, аллергических реакций, ухудшения соматического и неврологического статуса не зарегистрировано ни в одном случае. На фоне лечения зафиксированы оптимальные уровни нейротоксичных метаболитов в крови и моче. Показана высокая клиническая эффективность ИП у детей с наследственными нарушениями обмена аминокислот с рождения до трех лет.

To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of the products specialized children's dietary nutritional therapy in children with Inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism from birth to three years. 8 children from birth to 2y 11m with verified diagnoses were enrolled in this open-label multicenter prospective non-controlled study. Patients were separated to the groups depending on diagnose and nutritional treatment products. Clinical efficacy of the products was assessed according to the Good Clinical Practice guidelines based on clinical and laboratory tests. All patients taken nutritional treatment products throughout the study. No dyspepsia, allergic reactions, impairment of somatic and neurological status were reported. After the treatment, levels of neurotoxic metabolites in the blood and urine were optimal. Nutritional therapy is highly effective in children with Inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism from birth to three years.
Press conference «Nutritional care in COVID-19»
Authors: Гируцкая Е.О.
Published: March 2021

В феврале 2021 г. в онлайн-режиме состоялась пресс-конференция «Лечебное питание при COVID-19». На ней рассказывалось о результатах проспективного открытого сравнительного наблюдательного исследования по оценке влияния смеси специализированного питания на способность пациентов с COVID-19 к восстановлению здоровья. Исследование проводилось под эгидой Национальной ассоциации клинического питания и метаболизма на базе 5 центров в Москве, Санкт-Петербурге, Екатеринбурге и Омске. Согласно его результатам, к стандартным методам ведения больных стоит добавить нутритивную поддержку: в специализированном питании нуждаются около 60-70% пациентов c COVID-19.

In February 2021, an online press conference entitled «Nutritional care in COVID-19» was held. It presented the results of a prospective, open-label, comparative observational study evaluating the effect of specialty food mix on the ability of COVID-19 patients to recover. The study was conducted under the auspices of the National Association for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism at 5 centers in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg and Omsk. According to its results, nutritional support should be added to the standard methods of patient management: about 60-70% of patients with COVID-19 need specialized nutrition.
Democracia y participación ciudadana en las megalópolis capitales
Authors: Boto Álvarez Alejandra
Published: March 2021

Se presenta la evolución de los canales de expresión de la ciudadanía en Ciudad de México, la mayor aglomeración urbana americana y del orbe hispanohablante. Allí se han diseñado siempre, si bien con escasa efectividad, mecanismos de participación más avanzados que los previstos en la legislación federal para el resto del país, en un intento de compensar la débil representación democrática de la población de la capital federal.
Formalmente la preocupación por la participación es antigua, pero de exiguo éxito.
Los hitos recientes en materia de participación son en primer lugar la Ley de Participación Ciudadana del Distrito Federal de 2004, reformada en 2010 en un intento de configurar comités ciudadanos y consejos de los pueblos originarios que finalmente resultaría infructuoso. En segundo lugar, la primera Constitución local, aprobada en 2017, con previsiones como la “silla ciudadana” y la “revocación de mandato”. El último polo de atención es la Ley de Participación Ciudadana en la Ciudad de 2019.
El acceso a la información relativa a los procedimientos administrativos
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano
Published: March 2021

Durante la vigencia de la Ley 30/1992 el acceso a la información procedimental estaba regido por una regla muy simple: en los procedimientos en curso el acceso se reservaba a los interesados en los mismos, de modo que los terceros únicamente podían acceder a los procedimientos terminados. En cambio, a partir de la Ley 19/2013, de 9 de diciembre, la accesibilidad a la información procedimental, tanto por parte de los interesados como de la ciudadanía en general, responde a parámetros diversos, no exentos de controversia entre los propios órganos de garantía del derecho, y sobre los cuales trata este trabajo
Shift in seasonal snowpack melt-out date due to light-absorbing particles at a high-altitude site in Central Himalaya
Authors: Ström Johan , Svensson Jonas , Honkanen Henri , Asmi Eija , Dkhar Nathaniel B. , Tayal Shresth , Sharma Ved P. , Hooda Rakesh , Meinander Outi , Leppäranta Matti , Jacobi Hans-Werner , Lihavainen Heikki , Hyvärinen Antti
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Snow darkening by deposited light-absorbing particles (LAP) has the potential to accelerate snowmelt and shift the snow melt-out date. Here we investigate the sensitivity of the seasonal snow cover duration to changes in LAP at a high altitude valley site in the Central Himalayas, India. First, the variation of the albedo of the seasonal snow was emulated using two seasons of automatic weather station (AWS) data and applying a constant, but realistic deposition of LAP to the snow. Then, the number of days with snowmelt were evaluated based on the estimated net energy budget of the seasonal snow cover and the derived surface temperature. The impact on the energy budget by LAP combined with the melt-day analysis resulted in very simple relations to determine the contribution of LAP to the number of days with snowmelt of the seasonal snow in Himalaya. Above a concentration of 1 ng g-1 (Elemental Carbon equivalent, ECeq, which in this study includes EC and the absorption equivalent EC contribution by other light absorbing particles, such as mineral dust) in new snow, the number of days with snowmelt can be estimated by; days=0.0109(log⁡(〖EC〗_eq )+1)PP±0.0033(log⁡(〖EC〗_eq )+1)PP, where PP is the seasonal precipitation in mm snow water equivalent. A change in ECeq by a factor of two corresponds to about 1/3 of a day per 100 mm precipitation. Although the change in the number of days with melt caused by the changes in ECeq is small, the estimated total change in the snow melt-out date by LAP can be significant. For our realistic base case scenario for the Sunderdhunga Valley, Central Himalayas, India, of ECeq=100 ng g-1 and PP=400 mm, this yields in an advancement of the melt-out date of about 13 days.
Identifying and quantifying source contributions of air quality contaminants during unconventional shale gas extraction
Authors: Orak Nur H. , Reeder Matthew , Pekney Natalie J.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The United States has experienced a sharp increase in unconventional natural gas
(UNG) development due to the technological development of hydraulic
fracturing. The objective of this study is to investigate the emissions at
an active Marcellus Shale well pad at the Marcellus Shale Energy and
Environment Laboratory (MSEEL) in Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. Using
an ambient air monitoring laboratory, continuous sampling started in
September 2015 during horizontal drilling and ended in February 2016 when
wells were in production. High-resolution data were collected for the
following air quality contaminants: volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone
(O3), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), and carbon
dioxide (CO2), as well as typical meteorological parameters (wind
speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, and barometric pressure).
Positive matrix factorization (PMF), a multivariate factor analysis tool,
was used to identify possible sources of these pollutants (factor profiles)
and determine the contribution of those sources to the air quality at the
site. The results of the PMF analysis for well pad development phases
indicate that there are three potential factor profiles impacting air
quality at the site: natural gas, regional transport/photochemistry, and engine emissions. There is a significant contribution of
pollutants during the horizontal drilling stage to the natural gas factor. The model outcomes
show that there is an increasing contribution to the engine emission factor over different well
pad drilling periods through production phases. Moreover, model results suggest that
the regional transport/photochemistry factor is more pronounced during horizontal drilling and drillout due
to limited emissions at the site.
Retrieval of stratospheric aerosol size distribution parameters using satellite solar occultation measurements at three wavelengths
Authors: Wrana Felix , von Savigny Christian , Zalach Jacob , Thomason Larry W.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In this work, a novel approach for the determination of the particle size distribution (PSD) parameters of stratospheric sulfate aerosols is presented. For this, ratios of extinction coefficients obtained from SAGE III/ISS (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III on the International Space Station) solar occultation measurements at 449, 756 and 1544 nm were used to retrieve the mode width and median radius of a size distribution assumed to be monomodal lognormal. The estimated errors at the peak of the stratospheric aerosol layer, on average, lie between 20 % and 25 % for the median radius and 5 % and 7 % for the mode width. The results are consistent in magnitude with other retrieval results from the literature, but a robust comparison is difficult, mainly because of differences in temporal and spatial coverage. Other quantities like number density and effective radius were also calculated. A major advantage of the described method over other retrieval techniques is that both the median radius and the mode width can be retrieved simultaneously, without having to assume one of them. This is possible due to the broad wavelength spectrum covered by the SAGE III/ISS measurements. Also, the presented method – being based on the analysis of three wavelengths – allows unique solutions for the retrieval of PSD parameters for almost all of the observed extinction spectra, which is not the case when using only two spectral channels. In addition, the extinction coefficients from SAGE III/ISS solar occultation measurements, on which the retrieval is based, are calculated without a priori assumptions about the PSD. For those reasons, the data produced with the presented retrieval technique may be a valuable contribution for a better understanding of the variability of stratospheric aerosol size distributions, e.g. after volcanic eruptions. While this study focuses on describing the retrieval method, and a future study will discuss the PSD parameter data set produced in depth, some exemplary results for background conditions in June 2017 are shown.