bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Опыты изучения и визуальной репрезентации Камчатки и Сахалина в конце XIX - начале XX в.
Authors: Головнева Елена Валентиновна , Головнев Иван Андреевич
Published: December 2021

Обобщаются конкретные исторические практики по Камчатке и Сахалину: опыты фиксации и популяризации визуально-антропологических материалов, созданных непосредственно профессиональными исследователями и кинематографистами / фотографами в конце XIX – первой половине XX в. На основе архивных данных рассматриваются визуальные материалы о Камчатке и ее жителях, собранные этнографом Е.П. Орловой, кинематографистом А.А. Литвиновым, краеведом П.Т. Новограбленовым, антропологом Б. Дыбовским. Проанализированы репрезентации Сахалина в творчестве фотографов И.Н. Павловского и И.Н. Краснова, геолога-краеведа П.П. Полевого, этнографа Б.О. Пилсудского.
Дочерние колонии немцев в Сибири: исторический аспект
Authors: Шлегель Елена Александровна
Published: December 2021

В Сибири дочерние колонии немецких поселенцев были основаны в конце XIX – начале XX в. С тех пор произошли существенные изменения в жизни немцев и в местах их компактного проживания. В статье прослеживается путь трансформации дочерних колоний в Сибири в современные места компактного проживания немцев, где в наибольшей степени сегодня сохраняется потенциал для формирования и развития этнических характеристик народа. Изучение и поддержка мест компактного проживания теперь становится важной задачей для общественных организаций российских немцев и органов власти, заинтересованных в сохранении культурного многообразия страны.
Асклефеодот Афанасьевич Рязанский: география жизненного пути в поисках себя (Маньчжурия, Япония, Америка, Австралия)
Authors: Саввинов Павел Олегович
Published: December 2021

В рамках проекта, посвященного ментальным характеристикам мира якутской эмиграции 1917–1940 гг., на примере активного участника антибольшевистского движения и якутского эмигранта Асклефеодота Афанасьевича Рязанского рассматриваются вопросы истории якутской эмиграции в Китае и Австралии. Актуальность исследования обусловлена тем, что тематика якутской эмиграции и «якутского мира» остаются мало изученными в исторической науке, являясь важной научной проблемой, требующей всестороннего исследования на фоне революции 1917 г. и Гражданской войны в контексте мировой истории. Автором для раскрытия темы применялся историко-биографический метод. На основе результатов исследования автор приходит к выводу, что, как и большинство российских эмигрантов, А.А. Рязанский боролся за существование в новых условиях за рубежом и сумел адаптироваться в инокультурной среде, став видным журналистом в Китае, а затем владельцем судовой компании в Австралии.
"Люди империи" в Восточной Азии в годы холодной войны: русская политическая эмиграция в 1950-1960-е гг. между Японией и Южной Кореей
Authors: Антошин Алексей Валерьевич
Published: December 2021

Рассматривается история русской политической эмиграции в Восточной Азии в годы холодной войны. В центре внимания автора деятельность членов антикоммунистического Народно-трудового союза в Японии и Корее. Доказывается, что спецслужбы США и стран региона стремились использовать антисоветские настроения русских эмигрантов в своих политических целях.
Русские ученые-эмигранты в Харбине в 1920-е гг.: опыт адаптации в инокультурной среде
Authors: Волошина Валентина Юрьевна
Published: December 2021

Рассматриваются особенности адаптации российских ученых-эмигрантов в Харбине в 1920-е гг. К числу особенностей отнесены лояльное отношение китайских властей и администрации КВЖД к беженцам, отсутствие до конца 1920-х гг. конкуренции со стороны местных кадров, значительная включенность в решение проблем экономического и культурного развития Маньчжурии, большая, чем в других регионах зарубежья, зависимость от внутриполитических и геополитических изменений в стране-реципиенте.
Польские ссыльные в сибирской виноторговле: стратегии преодоления дискриминации
Authors: Мулина Светлана Анатольевна
Published: December 2021

Анализируется диалог западносибирской администрации и ссыльных участников восстания 1863–1864 гг., занятых в виноторговле. В ответ на мероприятия властей по их вытеснению из этой сферы предпринимательства, польские ссыльные делают ставку на расширение сотрудничества с местным населением в форме деловых и брачных контактов. Подобное направление легализации бизнеса противоречило установкам власти, стремившейся ограничить контакты политических преступников с местным населением. В результате ограничения, наложенные на ссыльных, начинают распространяться и на жителей Сибири, контактирующих с польскими мигрантами.
Конструирование имиджа сибирского чиновника на материалах биографий западносибирских генерал-губернаторов
Authors: Михайленко Елизавета Ивановна
Published: December 2021

На примере дореволюционных и современных материалов биографий западносибирского генерал-губернатора Н.Г. Казнакова (энциклопедических, справочных, научно-исследовательских статей, мемуаров) выявлены основные компоненты образа чиновника и показана их трансформация в зависимости от вида источника и времени его создания. Проведенный анализ показал, что на образ изучаемого исторического персонажа оказывают влияние жанр биографий, исторически изменчивые представления об идеальном чиновнике и задачах бюрократии в государстве, место создания биографических текстов.
Колонизационные эксперты позднеимперской и раннесоветской России: возможности поколенческого подхода
Authors: Суворова Наталья Геннадьевна
Published: December 2021

Представлены результаты типологизации колонизационных экспертов по поколениям. Поколенческий подход позволил объединить экспертов различных статусов (чиновников, ученых, военных, общественных деятелей) как единую группу в рамках колонизационно-переселенческого дела, выявить внешние и внутренние признаки сходства. В качестве результата представлены три поколения экспертов (старшее, среднее и младшее), показаны и обоснованы изменения основных признаков (происхождение, образование, сфера деятельности). Поколенческий срез позволил доказать персональную преемственность групп позднеимперских и раннесоветских экспертов.
К проблеме преемственности в якутской интеллектуальной традиции 1920-1930-х гг.: филологический ракурс
Authors: Покатилова Надежда Володаровна
Published: December 2021

В представлениях первых якутских ученых-гуманитариев и одновременно поэтов выделяется особый пласт обсуждаемых тем, актуальных в аспекте создания национальной литературы, соотношения, в связи с этим, устной и письменной традиций, вопросов языкового и нациестроительства рубежа 1920–1930-х гг., а также частных, на первый взгляд, вопросов филологического порядка. Однако за всем этим стоит не столько круг специфически филологической проблематики, сколько осмысление вопросов, в совокупности обозначивших собой особую плоскость культурного взаимодействия и трансфера идей первых якутских интеллектуалов-гуманитариев. В статье впервые специально рассматривается проблема преемственности в указанном аспекте якутской интеллектуальной традиции 1920–1930-х гг. На примере научного творчества таких ее представителей, как А.Е. Кулаковский и С.А. Новгородов, с одной стороны, П.А. Ойунский, Г.В. Ксенофонтов и Г.В. Баишев, с другой стороны, прослежено начало формирования и невольное завершение этой традиции преемственности, прерванной репрессиями конца 1930-х гг.
Письма В.А. Перовского с походов в Хиву и Ак-Мечеть из "Трудов Оренбургской ученой архивной комиссии" как исторический источник
Authors: Удербаева Сауле Карибаевна , Сагатов Ануар Мухтарулы
Published: December 2021

Представлен источниковедческий анализ документов личного происхождения, опубликованных в «Трудах Оренбургской ученой архивной комиссии» и содержащие ценные материалы по истории освоения юго-восточного фронтира в имперский период. Обязательным условием публикации документов была их предварительная подготовка к публикации членами Комиссии и обоснование ценности и необходимости публикации в «Трудах». Документы личного происхождения, опубликованные в «Трудах ОУАК», относятся к одним из самых субъективных свидетельств прошлого – они фиксировали личные впечатления современников, очевидцев и участников общественно и культурно значимых событий.
Россия в Центральной Азии XVII-XIX вв.: влияние целей и характера присоединения на систему управления
Authors: Васильев Дмитрий Валентинович
Published: December 2021

Продвижение России в Центральную Азию было дискретным процессом, каждый этап которого отличался по целям и характеру присоединения. Они, в свою очередь, определяли форму административно-политической организации нового пространства. Общность подходов империи к центральноазиатским владениям, близость их экономик и социокультурной жизни позволяют рассматривать их как единый регион, распадающийся на субрегионы, каждый из которых имел своеобразие.
Defamiliarized family: The “Anak ng OFWs’” emergent narratives on mediated communication and parent-child relationships
Authors: Pinzon Mary Jannette L.
Published: December 2021

The Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) phenomenon has creatively deformed the traditional concept of the Filipino family. The Anak ng OFWs’ narratives on parent-child relationships in a mediated setting show the transformative elements that usher the need to defamiliarize its traditional concept and reconfigure the Filipino family. Using the frameworks of Defamiliarization, Deconstruction and the idea of situated difference, the study illustrates how a defamiliarized perspective provides a negotiated fresh perspective of the Filipino family. Focus group discussions and interviews reveal findings that the “Anak ng OFWs” point to superficial, if not routine, conversations in online platforms, mediated relationships that are performed, and characterized by nakasanayan na [getting used to] perspective and the yearning for magkakasamang pamilya [a family that is together]. The study concludes that in a defamiliarized perspective, the situated difference is where OFW parents remain as the haligi [head of the family] and ilaw ng tahanan [pillar o the home] and where the essence of “family-ness” persists despite the cracks and fractures of the OFW family.
СИСТЕМЫ ЦЕНТРАЛИЗОВАННОГО ТЕПЛОСНАБЖЕНИЯ ДЛЯ УМНЫХ ГОРОДОВ
Authors: Petrova I. Yu. , Muzafarov R. R.
Published: December 2021

В статье кратко описывается текущее состояние рынков тепловой энергии в странах с развитыми системами централизованного теплоснабжения (страны Северной Европы, Китай и Россия). Показаны изменения в организационной структуре этих рынков в контексте смены поколений в системах централизованного теплоснабжения. В настоящее время в России и за рубежом активно развиваются системы централизованного теплоснабжения 4-го и 5-го поколений. Такие системы смогут обеспечить теплоснабжение зданий с низкими потерями в сети при низком энергопотреблении. Введено понятие «активного потребителя (prosumer)». Разработана обобщенная блок-схема системы автоматизации для активного потребителя. Сделан вывод о необходимости разработки беспроводных сенсорных систем управления централизованного теплоснабжения, отвечающих изменениям рынка. Приведена структурная схема такой системы управления.
Arguing about Free Will
Authors: Šuster Danilo
Published: December 2021

I explore some issues in the logics and dialectics of practical modalities connected with the Consequence Argument (CA) considered as the best argument for the incompatibility of free will and determinism. According to Lewis (1981) in one of the possible senses of (in)ability, the argument is not valid; however, understood in the other of its possible senses, the argument is not sound. This verdict is based on the assessment of the modal version of the argument, where the crucial notion is power necessity (“no choice” operator), while Lewis analyses the version where the central notion is the locution “cannot render false.”Lewis accepts closure of the relevant (in)ability operator under entailment but not closure under implication. His strategy has a seemingly strange corollary: a free predetermined agent is able (in a strong, causal sense) to falsity the conjunction of history and law. I compare a Moorean position with respect to radical skepticism and knowledge closure with ability closure and propose to explain Lewis’s strategy in the framework of his Moorean stance.
Tornalama İşleminde Uygulanan MMY Tekniğinde Kullanılan Nanoakışkanların İşleme Performansına Etkisi: Çevre Dostu İşleme Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÇAKIR ŞENCAN Ayşegül , ÇELİK Muhammet , SELAYET SARAÇ Ekin Nisa
Published: December 2021

Tornalama operasyonunda uygulanan soğutma/yağlama yöntemleri işleme performansını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Soğutma/yağlama yönteminde kullanılan kesme sıvısı miktarının kontrolü ise, hem toplam üretim maliyeti açısından hem de çevreye olan etkileri açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu amaçla uygulanan Minimum Miktarda Yağlama (MMY) tekniği, kullanılan kesme sıvısı miktarını ciddi oranda azaltırken işleme performansını da koruduğu bilinmektedir. MMY yönteminde kullanılan kesme sıvılarının soğutma/yağlama etkisini artırmak amacıyla son yıllarda bu kesme sıvılarına nanoparçacık takviye edilmektedir. Bu şekilde elde edilen nanoakışkanların kesme performansını ne ölçüde iyileştirdiği araştırmacıların üzerinde yoğunlaştığı bir konudur.
Bu çalışmada tornalama işlemine uygulanan MMY soğutma/yağlama yönteminde nanoparçacık takviyeli kesme sıvısı (nanoakışkan) kullanımının işleme performansına etkisi ile ilgili çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemede iş parçası malzemesi olarak çelik alaşımları, titanyum alaşımları ve nikel alaşımları olmak üzere, işlenmesinde zorluk yaşanan bu malzemelerle ilgili yapılan çalışmalar ayrı başlıklarda değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda kuru işleme, ıslak işleme (geleneksel soğutma), sade MMY ve nanoparçacık katkılı MMY olmak üzere farklı soğutma şartlarında işleme performansları incelendiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, nanoparçacık ilavesi ile ilgili farklı çeşit malzemeler, ağırlıkça yada hacimce farklı oranlar veya farklı boyutlar olmak üzere birden çok parametrenin irdelendiği gözlenmiştir. Yapılan tüm bu çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlarda, MMY yönteminde nanoakışkan uygulamasının sade MMY ve kuru işlemeye göre işleme performansında belirgin bir iyileşme sağlandığı ortaya konmuştur.
Taguchi Grey Relational Optimization of the Multi-mechanical Characteristics of Kaolin Reinforced Hydroxyapatite: Effect of Fabrication Parameters
Authors: Abifarin Johnson Kehinde , Olubiyi David Olubiyi , Dauda Emmanuel Toi , Oyedeji Elijah Oyewusi
Published: December 2021

Comparative study of kaolin reinforced hydroxyapatite (KHAp) and pure HAp using different production parameters has been done through traditional experimentation. However, the quantitative effect, optimization of kaolin reinforcement and fabrication parameters have not been investigated. Hence, this study examines the effect of kaolin reinforcement, compaction pressure and sintering temperature on the experimental mechanical properties of HAp. Taguchi design assisted by grey relational analysis was employed with L36 (2**2 3**1) orthogonal array. The Minitab 16 software was used to analyze the Taguchi design. The result showed a disparity in kaolin reinforcement as the optimum condition for individual mechanical properties, but the grey relational analysis showed better mechanical properties with kaolin reinforcement, 500 Pa compaction pressure and 1100 oC sintering temperature. The obtained result further revealed kaolin reinforcement as a strong and promising reinforcing material for high strength clinical application, having a contribution of 93.16% on compressive strength of HAp.  Therefore, future studies can be conducted in the use of different wt% of kaolin on the multi-response mechanical characteristics of HAp.
ALMANYA ÖZELİNDE DÖNGÜSEL EKONOMİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN GSYİH VE GERİ DÖNÜŞÜM İLİŞKİSİ: ZAMAN SERİLERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇIRAK Ayşe Nur
Published: December 2021

Çalışmada döngüsel ekonomide lider ülkeler arasında yer alan Almanya’nın atık geri dönüşümü ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkisi analiz edilmiştir. Analizde 2000-2018 dönemi GYSH değişimi, ambalaj ve kâğıt ve karton atıkları geri dönüşüm oranları kullanılmıştır. Bağımlı değişken GSYH seçilirken bağımsız değişkenler de ambalaj ve kâğıt ve karton atıkları geri dönüşüm oranları ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan testler Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) Birim Kök Testi, En Küçük Kareler (EKK) Yöntemi testi ve Engle-Granger Eşbütünleşme testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarında değişkenler arasında nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmadığı ancak uzun dönemde eşbütünleşik olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kâğıt ve karton atık geri dönüşüm değişkenindeki 1 birimlik artış bağımlı değişken olan GSYH’yi 0.723005 birim azaltırken; ambalaj atıkları geri dönüşüm değişkenindeki 1 birimlik artış bağımlı değişken GSYH’yi 0.446706 oranında artırdığı sonucu elde edilmiştir
Đo lường mối quan hệ giữa marketing xanh, hình ảnh công ty và ý định mua hàng
Authors: Minh Trịnh Thị Hồng , An Huỳnh Trị , Hạnh Nguyễn Ngọc , Kiều Nguyễn Thị Diễm
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu nhằm khảo sát tác động của marketing xanh đối với ý định mua hàng của người tiêu dùng bằng cách coi hình ảnh công ty như một trung gian trong ngành hàng hóa mỹ phẩm. Ba biến số về trách nhiệm xã hội, hình ảnh sản phẩm và danh tiếng của doanh nghiệp được nghiên cứu như là các yếu tố của hình ảnh doanh nghiệp. Tổng số 403 bảng câu hỏi được thu thập từ người tiêu dùng và đưa vào phân tích bằng Smart PLS nhằm kiểm tra mô hình đo lường và mô hình cấu trúc. Kết quả nghiên cứu khẳng định, trong ba yếu tố của hình ảnh doanh nghiệp thì hình ảnh sản phẩm và danh tiếng của doanh nghiệp có ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến ý định mua hàng, trong khi trách nhiệm xã hội có ảnh hưởng gián tiếp đến ý định mua hàng qua danh tiếng công ty. Nghiên cứu cũng thảo luận về ý nghĩa của công tác quản lý, các công ty cần tích cực hơn trong việc thực thi trách nhiệm xã hội và nhấn mạnh các sản phẩm tương thích với môi trường hơn tạo điều kiện cho tiêu dùng xanh phát triển. Doanh nghiệp thực hiện chiến lược marketing xanh cần chọn thị trường mục tiêu phù hợp để có thể đạt được một lợi thế cạnh tranh bền vững.
Mối quan hệ giữa nhận thức rào cản xuất khẩu, đặc điểm doanh nghiệp và lựa chọn thị trường xuất khẩu ASEAN+3 của SMEs: Trường hợp các doanh nghiệp xuất khẩu nông sản
Authors: Đào Mai Xuân , Loan Nguyễn Thị Cẩm , Nhung Trần Thị Lan
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu này nhằm xây dựng mô hình khái quát hóa mối quan hệ giữa nhận thức rào cản xuất khẩu bên trong, bên ngoài doanh nghiệp, đặc điểm doanh nghiệp và lựa chọn thị trường xuất khẩu Asean+3 (Asean, Nhật Bản, Hàn Quốc, Trung Quốc) của các doanh nghiệp nhỏ và vừa Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu kiểm định cho trường hợp các doanh nghiệp xuất khẩu nông sản. Mô hình nghiên cứu đề xuất dựa vào nghiên cứu của Vida và Fairhurst (1998), Koch (2001). Nghiên cứu được tiến hành qua các giai đoạn định tính để điều chỉnh thang đo, định lượng sơ bộ và định lượng chính thức. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu được thu thập từ 218 doanh nghiệp xuất khẩu nông sản nhỏ và vừa ở thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, một số tỉnh miền Đông Nam Bộ, Tây Nam Bộ, miền Trung và khu vực Tây Nguyên và kiểm định qua sử dụng phần mềm Smart-PLS. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có mối quan hệ ngược chiều giữa nhận thức rào cản xuất khẩu bên trong doanh nghiệp và lựa chọn thị trường xuất khẩu Asean+3, không có mối quan hệ ngược chiều giữa nhận thức rào cản xuất khẩu bên ngoài doanh nghiệp và lựa chọn thị trường xuất khẩu Asean+3, không tồn tại mối quan hệ giữa đặc điểm doanh nghiệp với nhận thức rào cản xuất khẩu bên trong, bên ngoài doanh nghiệp và lựa chọn thị trường xuất khẩu Asean+3. Bên cạnh đó, kết quả kiểm định cho thấy có sự khác biệt về một số mối quan hệ trong mô hình nghiên cứu giữa các nhóm doanh nghiệp theo khu vực địa lý, quy mô doanh nghiệp, kinh nghiệm xuất khẩu, hình thức xuất khẩu và thị trường xuất khẩu lựa chọn. Trên cơ sở đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất một số hàm ý chính sách nhằm giúp doanh nghiệp nhỏ và vừa Việt Nam xuất khẩu hàng nông sản vượt qua các rào cản để lựa chọn xuất khẩu sang thị trường Asean+3.
Ảnh hưởng của văn hóa doanh nghiệp đến duy trì nguồn nhân lực tại công ty cổ phần quốc tế Phong Phú
Authors: Sương Huỳnh Thị Thu , Danh Nguyễn Văn
Published: December 2021

Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định các nhân tố thuộc văn hóa tổ chức ảnh hưởng đến duy trì nguồn nhân lực tại Công ty Cổ phần Quốc tế Phong Phú. Nhóm nghiên cứu tiến hành phân tích dựa vào mẫu gồm 264 bảng hỏi thu hồi được từ 350 bảng hỏi khảo sát được phát ra. Sử dụng kỹ thuật thảo luận nhóm và phỏng vấn chuyên gia kết hợp với kỹ thuật định lượng gồm đánh giá độ tin cậy thang đo Cronbach’s Alpha, phân tích nhân tố khám phá, phân tích hồi quy từ dữ liệu sơ cấp đã xử lý trên cỡ mẫu hợp lệ 264. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, có 8 nhân tố thuộc văn hóa có ảnh hưởng đến duy trì nguồn nhân lực tại công ty Công ty Cổ phần Quốc tế Phong Phú, gồm: Đào tạo và phát triển, định hướng về kế hoạch tương lai, chấp nhận rủi ro bởi sáng tạo và cải tiến, giao tiếp trong tổ chức, làm việc nhóm, hiệu quả trong việc ra quyết định, phần thưởng và công nhận, sự công bằng nhất quán trong chính sách. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy không có sự khác biệt đáng kể về các đặc điểm nhân khẩu học đến duy trì nguồn nhân lực (trừ trình độ học vấn).
Effectiveness of Collaborative Learning for Improving False Beginners’ Grammar Skills and Self-efficacy
Authors:   Ikuei Junior College, Japan, Shiota Kazuko
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Prior studies indicate that many Japanese college students remain at the beginner level even after studying English for six years. Also, their self-efficacy is low, which hinders their improvement. Generally, grammar classes are taught in a traditional way, that is, one-way teacher centered, and students are supposed to copy what is written on a blackboard while listening to teachers’ instruction and memorizing grammar rules. In such grammar classes, false beginners have had little successful experience. Traditional teaching methods are intended to provide remedial education in many colleges but might result in poor outcomes and even be counterproductive. According to Bandura (1977), self-efficacy drives actions that are necessary to achieve desired results, and he classified the concepts of self-efficacy into the following four categories: (1) performance accomplishment, (2) vicarious learning, (3) verbal encouragement, and (4) emotional state. For improving false beginners’ English skills, self-efficacy matters. So, for college students still at the beginner level, what would be the ideal method of learning English grammar? How should teachers help them? What if collaborative learning is introduced? In collaborative learning, two or more people learn together. In contrast to individual learners, collaborative learners gain advantages from one another’s resources and skills (e.g., asking one another for information, evaluating one another's ideas, monitoring one another’s work). Under such a circumstance, learners can make it easier to accomplish tasks by encouraging each other. They see a successful peer as a future ideal self, and then they can sense possibilities for themselves, i.e., self-efficacy. In fact, beginners’ low meta-cognitive skills (Sakai, 2011) prevent them from improving their English skills. However, because collaborative learning might be a solution effective than individual learning in achieving critical thinking (Oxford, 1997). More so than in other subjects, collaborative learning is actively conducted in English classes, e.g., conversation practice in pairs, peer feedback on writings, presentations, and group discussions, but there are few pedagogical reports on collaborative learning from grammar classes. In this small poster presentation for the 16th Education and Development Conference, (1) the effectiveness of collaborative activities in Japan for learning grammar will be overviewed, and (2) other options that could improve false beginners’ self-efficacy in learning English grammar are discussed to provide directions for further research. Keywords: Collaborative/Cooperative Learning, False-beginner, grammar, self-efficacy, meta-cognitive skills
Remote Learning Responses to the COVID-19 Situation in Creating Collaborative Learning Environment: Cases from Nagasaki’s Public Schools
Authors:   University of Nagasaki, Japan, Ishida Satoshi
Published: December 2021

Abstract This paper examines collaborative learning environment through remote learning in local government. While COVID-19 brought pedagogical and financial challenges to public schools that were already experiencing crises in the management of their educational programs, it also created new opportunities to strengthen relationships and create institutions that will bring out the resilience needed to bounce back stronger and better than before. Government-led approaches to introduce ICT into the educational environment have become even more important in the during the COVID-19 disaster, and in this crisis, public school education in remote areas, including remote island regions, is about to undergo a major transformation. In recent years, ICT environments have begun to be established in educational settings throughout the country. However, it is a fact that there is a large difference in the response to remote learning among local governments. On the other hand, some local governments in Nagasaki Prefecture have begun initiatives to collaborate with private companies and universities to enhance remote learning. In particular, in remote island areas, cross-border collaborative remote learning is being developed in a way that makes use of past experiences. These efforts are expected to meet the needs of the "new normal" under the COVID-19 situation and to be effectively used as "hubs for collaborative learning" that will become the standard in the future. This paper briefly explores the challenges and possibilities of how the promotion of remote learning can bring a ray of hope to the educational field of public schools, using the case of Nagasaki Prefecture, which includes remote island area. KEYWORDS: Remote Learning, Online Education, COVID-19, Collaborative Learning, Nagasaki
EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN HEALTHY AND MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT ELDERLY: THE ROLE OF READING AND WRITING HABITS
Authors: Guinle Victoria , Holz Maila , Silva Patricia da , Kochhann Renata , Wilson Maximiliano , Fonseca Rochele
Published: December 2021

Background: Few studies have been made to investigate the role of cognitive stimulating habits such as frequency of reading and writing habits (FRWH) in executive functions (EF) of elderlies with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), who suffers from EF deficits. Objectives: investigate whether FRWH, a possible proxy of cognitive reserve, contributes to EF performance in healthy vs MCI elderlies. Methods: 135 elderlies with MCI (n = 88) and healthy controls (n = 47) were divided into groups of high FRWH (n = 78) and low FRWH (n = 57). Composite scores from EF tasks were extracted, including working memory, flexibility, inhibition, verbal fluency, and total EF scores. A two-way ANOVA was conducted with both clinical and FRWH groups, controlling the effects of education (years). Results: No interaction was found between the clinical group and FRWH. Significant differences between clinical groups were found in all five EF composite scores, with high and moderate effect size, showing worst scores in MCI group. Significant differences were found between FRWH groups in total EF composite score with low effect size, demonstrating worst performance from low FRWH group. Conclusions: These results indicate changes in EF in elderly people with MCI and low FRWH. Limitations regarding FRWH questionnaire measuring only frequency and not quality of reading and writing should be considered.
FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN MILD GNITIVE IMPAIRMENT PATIENTS WITH PIB+ AND – BIOMARKERS
Authors: Gonçalves Aline , Bazan Paulo , Martins Maria da Graça , Busatto Filho Geraldo , Coutinho Artur , Brucki Sonia , Nitrini Ricardo , Miotto Eliane
Published: December 2021

Background: According to the recent NIA-AA, a probable predictor of Alzheimer’s disease convertor in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the Aβ protein deposit in PET PIB exam. However, there is a lack of studies investigating functional connectivity in PIB +/- MCI patients. Objectives: to investigate differences in functional connectivity during resting state in MCI patients with PET PIB+ and - biomarkers. Methods: PET PIB+ (N=12 and PIB- (N=12) MCI patients underwent fMRI during resting state using 3 ROIS related to memory (posterior cingulate and bilateral hippocampus). Results: there were significant connectivity differences (p <0.05) between PIB+ and PIB- patients above 80% for right temporal region connectivity regarding left and right temporal region. Conclusions The results suggest that PET PIB+ MCI patients show significant difference in functional connectivity on the right temporal region in relation to left and right hippocampus ROI during the resting state possibly related to functional compensation.
INVESTIGATION OF EPISODIC MEMORY DEFCITS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (MCI)
Authors: Almeida Eliane Borca , Silva Geise , Avolio Isabella , Dias Camila , Oliveira Maíra , Nitrini Ricardo , Brucki Sonia , Miotto Eliane
Published: December 2021

Background: MCI can be classified as amnestic (aMCI) or non-amnestic (naMCI). Patients with aMCI are at increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The clinical diagnosis encompasses episodic memory decline with preservation of activities of daily living, in addition to possible changes in other cognitive domains. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies in the Brazilian population comparing the performance of aMCI on different episodic memory tests. Objectives: This study investigated episodic memory alterations in patients with aMCI and healthy controls (HC) through population-validated tests. Methods: We included 54 individuals, 36 aMCI and 18 HC. The neuropsychological protocol included estimated total IQ [vocabulary and matrix reasoning], Logical Memory (LM), Visual Reproduction (VR) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Results: Significant differences were found between the groups in LM delayed recall (p=0.048); Visual Memory immediate recall (p=0.002); Visual Memory delayed recall (p=0.006); RAVLT immediate recall (p=0.19); RAVLT delayed recall (p=0.006) and RAVLT recognition (p=0.001). Conclusions: aMCI patients showed significant cognitive deficits in all episodic memory tests, except for the LM immediate recall. These findings corroborate the international literature and indicate the possibility of identifying differential cognitive alterations in the MCI.
VIRTUAL SUPPORT IN DEMENTIA A POSSIBLE VIABLE STRATEGY FOR CAREGIVERS
Authors: Ferretti Ceres , Nitrini Ricardo , Brucki Sonia
Published: December 2021

Background: In the last 10 months, amid the Covid-19 pandemic, several studies have demonstrated the viability of health education and virtual support strategies for caregivers of dementia patients to provide home care. Low and middle-income countries in particular, have sought to use these approaches to reduce the daily burden of caregivers, through virtual meetings providing education and support. Objectives: To present the feasibility of a pilot study on the use of a care support action under the CAAD Project - indirect costs of dementia – run by the HC-FMUSP. Methods: An observational study of 93 caregivers invited to participate in virtual 1-hour meetings three times a week was conducted. Results: Of the 93 family members who took part, 42 answered the eight questions about the effectiveness of the action after 3 months. The rate of positive responses for program satisfaction was high, ranging from 86% to 100%. Conclusion: The study results of this simple intervention suggest the utility of the program for caregivers of dementia patients in primary care. The intervention can provide a better understanding of difficulties faced by caregivers in their daily care of dementia patients and daily management guidance on a case-by-case basis. The program also promoted the implementation of an education strategy on the importance of understanding and recognizing anatomical-physiological changes in the aging process and their implications for the invisible line between senescence and senility. This process empowers the caregiver to feel able to protect both the patient and themselves by preventing the emergence of common diseases in this age group. Further studies are needed to explore this non-pharmacological support approach.
DYSPHAGIA ASSOCIATED CAREGIVER BURDEN IN ALZHEIMER DISEASE
Authors: Moreira Verônica , Nedel Valquiria , Chaves Márcia Lorena , Castilhos Raphael , Olchik Maira
Published: December 2021

Background: Dysphagia is prevalent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can influence caregivers’ burden. Objectives: Evaluate the impact of feeding process in caregivers’ burden of individuals with AD. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Caregivers of individuals with AD who attended the dementia outpatient clinic and are over 18 years of age were included. We collected demographic variables and the Zarit Burden Interview - Short Version (ranging from 0 to 48) and The Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia Scale (scoring from 0 to 20) scales. Relationship between the two scales and demographic variables were sought. Results: 38 caregivers were included, with a mean age of 55.2 (± 4) years, 68.4% female, 76.3% spouses and with an average time as a caregiver of 4.6 (± 3.1) years, the same average of the patients’ disease time. 71% caregivers do not report changes in the patient’s diet and 92.1% were never instructed about the feeding process during the course of the disease. The aspects “the patient requires close supervision while feeding” (p=0.024) and “there is spillage while feeding” (p=0.004) were correlated and showed an impact on the level of burden. Conclusion: Despite the short period of illness and no dietary changes, tasks related to food impact the burden of the caregivers.
MACHINE LEARNING MODEL BASED ON A PANEL OF PLASMA PROTEINS PREDICTS PROGRESSION FROM MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT TO DEMENTIA DUE TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE WITHIN FOUR YEARS
Authors: Araujo Daniella , Caramelli Paulo , Ziviani Nivio , Gomes Karina , Veloso Adriano , Souza Leonardo
Published: December 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a pathological process that begins many years prior to the emergence of symptoms. Thus, an effective risk model for AD should aim at detecting at-risk individuals in the prodromal stage, when treatments and lifestyle interventions are more likely to be successful, and should be minimally invasive and inexpensive to allow widespread applicability. Objectives: To develop a machine learning based blood panel in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to predict increased risk for progression to AD dementia. Methods: We created over one billion models to predict the probability of conversion from MCI to dementia due to AD, and chose the best performing one. We used the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data of 380 MCI individuals in the baseline visit, from which 177 converted to AD dementia. Results: The best performing model uses 12 plasma proteins (out of 146 possibilities), giving an average AUC of 0.91, accuracy of 0.92, sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.85. Conclusions: We were able to predict AD dementia conversion within four years in MCI individuals, a disease stage in which treatments and lifestyle interventions are more likely to be successful. Further studies in independent cohorts are needed to validate this panel.
AFFECTIVE THEORY OF MIND IN PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Lucena Aline De , Santos Paulo Fernando , Dourado Marcia Cristina
Published: December 2021

Background: In recent years, interest has been growing in cognitive and affective ToM functioning in individuals suffering from neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the affective ToM has been less investigated. Objective: This study aims to compare affective ToM performance in persons with mild to moderate AD and healthy older controls (HOC), and its relationship with cognition. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 97 mild to moderate AD individuals and 40 HOC. To assess affective ToM, participants were administered a task that examines ability to comprehend the emotional situation nature along with the appropriate emotional state that one would experience in that situation. Assessments of cognition, dementia severity, functionality, awareness of disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms were completed for AD group. Results: Analyses of emotional reasoning indicated a group effect on performance. There was a significant difference between the AD and HOC groups in terms of their ability to understand situations of sadness, surprise, anger, and happiness, with the moderate AD showing the worst performance for all emotional situations. Ability to appropriately name the emotional state was significantly different for surprise, anger, and happiness, but not for sadness, with both AD groups showing lower performance for surprise and anger, and with the mild AD showing better performance for happiness. In both AD groups, ability to understand the emotional situation and to name the emotion was significantly correlated with cognitive impairment and awareness of disease. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were significantly correlated in moderate AD group. Conclusions: Impairment in understanding the emotional aspects of situations can lead moderate AD people to experience conflicts in family and social situations. Mild AD people can experience same conflicts when their preserved ability in understanding the emotional situation is underestimated.
DEVELOPMENT A SCREENING TEST OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONALITY IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Kochhann Renata , Holz Maila , Wilson Maximiliano , Fonseca Rochele
Published: December 2021

Background: There is only one instrument to assess functionality directly to the patients in Brazil (Directed Assessment Functional Status revised). However, this instrument is impractical for fast, outpatient and hospital contexts. We need to count with a brief and direct assessment of functionality due to the increasement of elders living alone. Objective: To develop and validate a screening test of direct functionality in healthy older adults. Method: The creation of the cognitive functionality instrument it was made carried out based on the literature review of the existing tests, ecological instruments, scales to assess functionality. We created 7 ecological tasks to evaluate the performance of daily complex activities with the patient. The tasks involve orientation, shopping skills, memorization, information recognition, planning and, problem solving. Results: The pilot version have twice as many stimuli than those of the final version. To study face and conceptual validity of the new instrument, we recruit 8 expert judges (2 neurologists, 2 neuropsychologists, 2 speech therapists, 2 occupational therapists) and they had 96.5% agreement. Conclusions: The task with the least agreement was the planning and problem solving. The next steps will be to evaluate convergent validity and internal consistency. The new instrument is expected to help assess the functionality of older adults mainly in contexts that requests a brief and fast evaluation and with elders who live alone. Keywords: functionality, elderly, instrument, development.
CORTICOBASAL SYNDROME DUE TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Pinheiro Mariana Maciel , Albuquerque Victor , Albuquerque Pedro , Maranhão Eduardo , Diniz Jonathan , Barbosa Breno
Published: December 2021

Background: Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) is a neurodegenerative syndrome that combines cortical and cognitive deficits secondary to different underlying pathological entities. Objectives: to report an early onset dementia case fulfilling criteria of probable CBS due to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) based on biomarkers and neuroimaging. Methods: case report. Results: a 57-yearsold woman with college-level education and 18 months of cognitive decline. The first symptom was progressive inability to change gears in her car, followed by difficulties to get dressed, cognitive and motor complaints. Neurological examination revealed marked limb bilateral ideomotor apraxia and mild asymetric parkinsonism. Cognitive tests showed mild visuospatial and language impairments, scoring 18/30 in the MoCA. Brain MRI and FDG PET showed bilateral posterior atrophy and hypometabolism worse to the left. CSF biomarkers revealed decreased amyloid and increased tau and p-tau levels, a pattern suggestive of CBS due to AD. Conclusions: this case illustrates recent evidence that suggests when AD presents as CBS (CBS-AD), limb apraxia and language impairment are more prevalent. CBS patients with underlying AD pathology and tauopathies correctly diagnosed in the future may benefit from symptomatic therapies and future disease-modifying agents.
COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT OF ADULTS AND ELDERLY IN RECIFE-PE
Authors: Plácido Talita , Rocha Filho Pedro , Silva Júnior Mário
Published: December 2021

Background: Currently, the influence of schooling on the assessment parameters of cognitive tests is under debate. Objectives: Evaluate the performance of possessors in the MMSE (Mini-mental State Examination) and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), evaluating the influence of education on the performance of the participants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with 33 participants without cognitive complaints. These were people aged 40 years or more, and at least four years of schooling. Data were formed in SPSS (v.23), using Spearman’s correlation coefficient (CS). Results: The population is predominantly composed of women (87.8%), with a mean age of 58 years (SD = ± 9.5), and education of 11.7 years (SD = ± 4.2 years). The median performance on the MMSE was 25 points (95%CI = 24.5-26.4) and, of these, 75.8% had a value equal to or greater than 24 points. At the same time, the median score in the MoCA was 20 points (95%CI = 18.6-21.7) and 18.2% of those evaluated scored equal to or greater than 26 points. As for the influence of education, there was a correlation for both tools (MMSE: CS = 0.457; p = 0.008; MoCA: CS = 0.556; p = 0.001). Regarding age, there was a correlation with MMSE performance (CS = 0.368; p = 0.035). Conclusion: MoCA and MEEM are correlated with the length of formal education. Thus, it is important to consider this factor when interpreting these scales.
PERFORMANCE IN COGNITIVE TESTS AND SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION OF THE MEMORY IN INDIVIDUALS FROM RECIFE-PE
Authors: Plácido Talita , Rocha Filho Pedro , Silva Júnior Mário
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Currently, there is a discussion about how subjective memory perception can predict performance in cognitive tests. Objective: To correlate the subjective perception of memory with performance in cognitive tests Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive study with 28 participants without cognitive complaints. People aged 40 years or more and at least four years of schooling were included. Participants were asked about their subjective perception of memory and then submitted to cognitive tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (v.23). Results: The population consisted of female individuals (89.3%), a mean age of 58.9 years (SD=±9.6), education of 11.9 years (SD=±4.4). As for the perception of memory, 53,5% of the individuals classified it as neutral, of which 7.1% had a score greater than or equal to 26 points in the MoCA, while 57.1% scored 24 or more in the MMSE. Also, 43,5% rated memory positively and, among them, 92.9% scored well on the MMSE, while only 28.7% had good performance on the MoCA. This self-assessment was correlated with MoCA performance (χ2=10.38; p=0.001). Conclusion: The subjective perception of memory was correlated with the performance of participants in the MoCA. Individuals with good perceptions had predominantly low performance on the tool.
FUNCTIONAL COGNITIVE DISORDER AS THE MOST FREQUENT DIAGNOSIS IN PUBLIC MEMORY CLINIC
Authors: Senna Priscylla de , Borelli Wyllians , Brum Wagner , Zimmer Eduardo , Chaves Márcia , Schuh Arthur , Castilhos Raphael
Published: December 2021

Background: Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) has been described as a blind spot of dementia care. Objectives: Identify the frequency of FCD in a tertiary memory clinic (TMC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify new referrals from the primary care setting to a TMC from southern Brazil over 2014 to 2020. Diagnostic protocol included neurologic evaluation, cognitive screening, neuroimaging and laboratory testing. FCD was defined as cognitive complaints without objective cognitive decline, in the absence of evidence of neurodegenerative disease. Data is shown in mean (SD). Results: 516 patients (61% females, mean age 70.76±10.3 years) with a mean of 4.5 (+-3.94) years of education were referred. The diagnoses were: FCD (146, 28.3%); Alzheimer’s dementia (115, 22.3%); Mild Cognitive Impairment (51, 9.9%), vascular dementia (36, 7%); other types, including less common causes of dementia and rare pathologies (168, 7.6%). FCD patients were younger (66.2 (±9.4) vs. 72.6, p <0.001), and showed higher Geriatric Depression Scale than non-FCD patients (7.4 (±4.5) vs. 5.3 (±3.7), p <0.001). Education level did not differ. Conclusions: FCD was the most frequent diagnosis. Primary care strategies may greatly improve early diagnosis and treatment to these patients.
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: COMMON MIRNAS, GENES AND REGULATORY BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
Authors: Teixeira Lívia , Conceição Izabela , Caramelli Paulo , Luizon Marcelo , Gomes Karina
Published: December 2021

Background: The increased incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the 21st century, along with the higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in diabetic patients have stimulated the search for pathways that link glycemic disorders to neurodegeneration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that play key roles in regulating gene expression. Objective: To identify miRNAs, genes and their regulatory pathways in common in AD and T2DM. Methods: Literature search was carried out to find miRNAs commonly expressed in AD and T2DM. MiRTarBase database was used to provide experimentally validated information on the interactions between miRNAs and their target genes. The functional enrichment of molecular pathways differentially regulated by these miRNAs was performed using EnrichR with Reactome gene set annotation. Results: We found six circulating miRNAs commonly expressed in both diseases (hsa-mir-21; hsamir-103a-1; hsa-mir-103a-2; hsa-mir-107; hsa-mir-146a and hsa-mir-144), which regulate 129 target genes. The common pathways between AD and T2DM were related to inflammatory mediators, cell death and axon formation signalling with p-adjust <10-5. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that AD and T2DM share common pathophysiological mechanisms and regulators miRNAs, and suggests miRNAs as potential markers related to both diseases.