bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN SOAL UNTUK KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Setia Ningsih Eni Ayu , Ariani Nyayu Masyita , Syofiana Mardiah
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan beberapa soal standar yang valid dan praktis berdasarkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa SMA. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan prosedur Tessmer yang terdiri dari tahap preliminary, self-evaluation, dan prototyping. Tahap prototyping terdiri dari experts review, one-to-one, dan small group. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2018, dan siswa XI MIPA A SMAN 6 Kota Bengkulu sebagai subjek penelitian ini. Diperoleh 8 soal yang dinyatakan valid oleh ulasan 3 pakar, dan 6 dari 8 soal dinyatakan sebagai soal yang baik (terstandar) berdasarkan kategori tingkat kesukaran dan indeks daya beda.Â Kata kunci: soal esai, pemecahan masalah matematikaABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to produce valid and practical standard questions based on the ability to solve the mathematical problem of high school students. This research was conducted using the Tessmer procedure which consists of preliminary, self-evaluation, and prototyping stages. The prototyping stages consist of expert reviews, one-to-one, and small groups. This research was conducted in April 2018 and the subjects of this study were students of XI MIPA A SMAN 6 Bengkulu. The results of this research were obtained 8 problems that were declared valid by the reviews of 3 experts and 6 out of 8 problems were stated as good (standardized) problems based on the difficulty level category and the discriminating power index.Â Keywords : essay problems, mathematical problem solving
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING BERBASIS LESSON STUDY
Authors: Risnanosanti Risnanosanti , Syofiana Mardiah , Hasdelyati Hasdelyati
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran matematika, untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa, dan untuk mendapatkan hasil pembelajaran yang lebih baik dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran problem solving berbasis lesson study. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan 32 siswa kelas VIII.2 SMP Negeri 18 Kota Bengkulu pada tahun ajaran 2019-2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut (1) model problem solving berbasis lesson study memberikan dampak positif terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa (2) proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa (3) meningkatkan kemampuan siswa untuk lebih memahami kegiatan pembelajaran dan kemampuan untuk menerapkan cara penyelesaian permasalahan dalam semua jenis masalah yang dihadapi, dan (4) meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, direkomendasikan untuk menerapkan model problem solving berbasis lesson study pada pokok bahasan ataupun mata pelajaran yang lainnya.Â Kata kunci :Â berpikir kreatif, problem solving, lesson studyÂ Â ABSTRACTThis study aims (1) to improve the quality of the mathematics learning process, (2) to develop students' mathematical creative thinking abilities, and (3) to get better learning outcomes by applying lesson study based problem-solving learning models. This type of research is a classroom action research study involving 32 students of class VIII.2 SMP Negeri 18 Bengkulu in the 2019-2020 school year. Data collection was carried out using tests and interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods. Based on the results of data analysis the following results are obtained (1) lesson study based problem-solving models have a positive impact on students 'mathematical creative thinking abilities (2) the learning process is undertaken can improve student learning outcomes (3) improve students' ability to better understand learning activities and the ability to apply ways of solving problems in all types of problems encountered, and (4) enhance student learning activities. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to apply the lesson study-based problem-solving model on the subject or other subjects.Â Keywords : creative thinking, problem solving, lesson study
METODE QUANTUM LEARNING DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA SMP NEGERI 5 SEKAYU
Authors: Meida Pipin , Misdalina Misdalina , Surmilasari Nora
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode Quantum Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif dalam pembelajaran matematika di SMP Negeri 5 Sekayu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan posstest-only control design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Sekayu dan sampel yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas VII.2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII.1 sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian ini berlangsung mulai tanggal 18 September 2019 sampai 4 Oktober 2019. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes yang dilakukan pada akhir pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t. Berdasarkan analisis data nilai signifikan uji t yaitu 0,001 kurang dari angka kritis 0,025, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Quantum Learning berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Sekayu.Kata kunci : quantum learning, berpikir kreatifÂ Â ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of the Quantum Learning method on the ability to think creatively in mathematics learning at Sekayu 5 Middle School. The research method used was an experimental method using a post-test-only control design. The population in this study were students of class VII of SMP Negeri 5 Sekayu and the sample used was students of class VII.2 as the experimental class and class VII.1 as the control class. This research conducted on 18 September 2019 to 4 October 2019. Data collection techniques used were tests conducted at the end of learning. Data analysis techniques used t-test. Based on the data analysis the significant value of the t-test is 0.001 less than the critical number of 0.025, so it can be concluded that the Quantum Learning method has a positive effect on the creative thinking ability of Grade VII students of SMP Negeri 5 Sekayu.Keywords : quantum learning, creative thinking
STATE SYSTEMS AND PATTERNS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND HEALTH SECURITY
Authors: Skalski D. , Kowalski D. , Tuz M.
Published: August 2020

The work deals with the discussion of the issue of relations between the economy and politics and school physical education over the centuries in selected European countries and in Poland, up to the time of the political transformation. The aim of this work is to outline the relationship between the politics and economy of the state and physical education and health education. The starting point for these considerations is kalokagatia and the intellectual categories of modern and contemporary spiritual culture defining rational thinking regarding the importance of physical culture and health education for society. In every country over the centuries, regardless of the political system of exercising power – politics and economy functioned in mutual relation with education, upbringing, including models of physical culture. The foundation of physical culture in each country is the school physical education system. The task of physical education methodology is to create a rational, structural model of putting the theory into practice. Physical culture as a social phenomenon stands out from others in that its influences concern man as a whole, concern both the body and its needs as well as personality. To gain the aim the comparative analysis of physical culture and health education in democratic and totalitarian systems was held. The results of the analysis showed the asymmetry of issues between physical culture and health education in democratic and totalitarian systems in favor of the democratic system. In order to obtain the necessary information, the authors reached for rich materials and studies on totalitarian systems to get a picture of the subject. The authors attempted to synthesize the place of physical culture against the background of health education in state systems in which emphasis was placed on man and his needs. The approach to physical activity as the basis of health and preparation for combat was also shown, which was believed to be the basis for maintaining peace.
CONCEPTION QUASIDERIVATIVES IN THE PROBLEMS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF HEAT TRANSFER
Authors: Tatsii R. , Stasiyk M. , Pazen O. , Shypot L.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, in closed form, the problems of determining stationary temperature fields in multilayer (flat, cylindrical and spherical) structures in the presence of discrete-continuous internal and point heat sources are solved. The one-dimensional differential equation of thermal conductivity in different coordinate systems is given through one parametric family of quasi-differential equations. It is assumed that the coefficients of the differential equation of thermal conductivity are piecewise constant functions. A system of two linearly independent boundary conditions is added to the equation, which in the general case are nonlocal. The solutions of such problems are constructive and are expressed exclusively through their initial data. The basic provisions of the concept of quasi-derivatives, the provisions of the theory of heat transfer, the theory of generalized systems of linear differential equations, elements of the theory of generalized functions are used. For the mathematical model of stationary thermal conductivity, the practical use of the concept of quasi-derivatives is illustrated, for the efficient construction, in a closed form, of solutions of boundary value problems with the most general boundary conditions. As an example, the problem of finding the critical radii of thermal insulation of multilayer hollow cylinders and spheres, taking into account the internal heat sources in the layers. Boundary conditions of the first and third kind. It is established that the value of the critical radius does not depend on the number of layers and the intensity of internal heat sources, but only on the thermal conductivity of the outer layer of the structure and the heat transfer coefficient between the structure and the environment. The formula for determining the critical radius of thermal insulation for a multilayer cylindrical and spherical structure is derived. The methods developed in this work have the prospect of further development and can be used in engineering calculations.
ON THE ISSUE OF FORMING A LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL PERSONALITY AT A HIGHER SCHOOL
Authors: Labach M.
Published: August 2020

The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of forming a linguistic and cultural personality at a higher school, although this problem is not new. Obviously, the strategies used before were either ineffective or not very actively implemented into practice. A closer look at the problem allows actualizing it, finding those aspects that were obviously not taken into account, and, therefore, focusing on them. Emphasis is put on the subjects that have the strongest potential in the formation of a linguistic and cultural personality. It is emphasized that the majority of the citizens of our state and young people, including those who were formed by our secondary school and later become students of higher schools, unfortunately have a misconception about the functions of their native language: they believe that its main function is communicative, they do not sometimes know about others. Hence the lack of understanding of the role of language in the formation of consciousness, intelligence, and worldview in general, and these factors are of global importance for understanding the security, strategic, and nation-building significance of the native language. The common phenomenon of diglossia is emphasized, the reasons caused it are pointed out, and the features of a high-level linguistic and cultural personality that everyone can develop in themselves to avoid diglossic situations are characterized. Such phenomena as jargon and slang are widespread among young people, and most of those who use them are convinced that only Russian vocabulary can be used in these forms of language. The Ukrainian language, developing as a living organism, serves the needs of different strata of the population, has a rich vocabulary and virtually unlimited possibilities, can undoubtedly be used to create surzhik and slang concepts - this is a normal process of language development, indicating its versatility and unlimited capacity. Emphasis is placed on the formation of a linguistic and cultural personality while teaching technical disciplines.
ENSURING THE PERMISSIBLE VALUE OF FIRE RISK IN OPEN WAREHOUSES PRODUCTION FACILITIES
Authors: Hulida Ye. , Sharii V.
Published: August 2020

Formulation of the problem. In the field of fire safety, the term "fire risk" is used, ie it is a measure of the possibility of realizing the fire danger of the objects of protection and its consequences for people and material values. Safeguarding the fire safety of security objects consists of identifying, analyzing and evaluating fire risk, which allows the development and implementation of appropriate measures to reduce it to an acceptable level. The most dangerous fires are fires in open warehouses of production facilities. In most cases, such fires, if not detected early, have time to spread over large areas and cause material damage. In most cases, fire protection at the open warehouses of production facilities, taking into account the fire risk, is practically non-existent. Therefore, investigating the issue of fire safety at these sites, taking into account the fire risk and the use of automatic fire alarms and fire alarm systems, is an urgent and timely task.The goal of the work. Develop a methodology for providing fire safety for open warehouses of manufacturing facili-ties, taking into account fire risk and using automatic fire alarms and alerts.Fire Safety, №36, 2020 39Formulation of the problem and its solution. The task of determining the area of service for fire detectors and detec-tors in open warehouses of production facilities was set and solved. In addition, dependencies were obtained to determine the components of fire risk. An example of determining fire risk for open timber composition was then considered. The results of the calculations performed for the above example confirmed the reliability of the developed methodology of en-suring fire safety for open warehouses of production facilities.Conclusions and specific suggestions:1. A methodology for ensuring fire safety for open warehouses of production facilities was developed, taking into account the fire risk and thereby ensuring the inadmissibility of serious consequences from the fire for the working warehouse.2. The following set of fire protection systems and systems provides acceptable fire risk for the object of protection for up to 10 years of their operation. Therefore, the arrangement of open warehouses with such fire-fighting equipment and systems is mandatory.3. The dependencies developed to determine the components of fire risk were based on the basic principles of the theory of reliability and showed high reliability and adequacy with the true values considered in the example.
MODERNIZATION OF THE SYSTEM OF STATE SUPERVISION AND CONTROL IN UKRAINE
Authors: Miller O. , Harchuk A.
Published: August 2020

In modern conditions, the problems of fire safety in Ukraine become especially important. A significant increase of fires that have occurred in the country recently, have led to deaths and injuries and significant material damage. In this case, the introduction of modern effective methods of fire safety is particularly acute. The article shows main attention to significant shortcomings in the system of state regulation of fire safety in Ukraine, especially: lack of effective state supervision and control, non-compliance of domestic practices with standards and norms of high-educated countries, underdeveloped market of insurance services in the field of fire insurance. However, the no interest of the state, as well as individuals and legal entities in the use of risk-oriented approach with economic leverage in the form of an appropriate insurance system, lack of remote control by the state over business activities, low level of fire safety. The leading role in ensuring supervision and control belongs to the state itself, which must combine state and public beliefs and coercion, by applying to public relations appropriate measures provided for in the functioning of fire safety management.
SIMULATION OF HEAT EXCHANGE IN A MULTILAYER FLAT STRUCTURE UNDER PERFECT THERMAL CONTACT IN FIRE CONDITIONS
Authors: Tatsii R. , Stasiuk M. , Pazen O.
Published: August 2020

The proposed work is devoted to the application of the direct method to the study of heat transfer processes in a multilayer flat structure. It is assumed that each layer is made of isotropic material of different thickness. There is an imperfect thermal contact between them, and the layers have internal heat sources. In this case, the isothermal surfaces are parallel planes, i.e the temperature changes in only one direction. On the outer surfaces of the structure there is a convective heat exchange with the environment, i.e the boundary conditions of the third kind are fulfilled. The coefficients of the thermal conductivity equation are considered to be piecewise constant with respect to the spatial coordinate. This is the first time the problem has been solved in this setting. The solution of the problem is realized by applying the method of reduction using the concept of quasi-derivatives and applying the theory of systems of differential equations with impulse action. The following is the procedure for separating Fourier variables using a modified method of eigenfunctions.Based on the physical content of the problem, the differential equation of thermal conductivity was written in the Cartesian coordinate system, but the solution scheme presented here without any fundamental difficulties extends to similar problems for multilayer bodies of basic geometric shapes by switching to appropriate coordinate systems. To illustrate the proposed method, a model example of finding the distribution of a nonstationary temperature field in a seven-layer flat structure under the influence of the hydrocarbon temperature of the fire is solved. The condition of ideal or non-ideal thermal contact is fulfilled between two adjacent layers. In addition, some layers have internal heat sources. The results of the calculations are presented in the form of a graph of temperature changes depending on timeand spatial coordinates.
Monetary policy and the effect of the transfer of oil prices to inflation
Authors: Kartaev Ph. S. , Medvedev I. D.
Published: August 2020

The paper examines the impact of oil price shocks on inflation, as well as the impact of the choice of the monetary policy regime on the strength of this influence. We used dynamic models on panel data for the countries of the world for the period from 2000 to 2017. It is shown that mainly the impact of changes in oil prices on inflation is carried out through the channel of exchange rate. The paper demonstrates the influence of the transition to inflation targeting on the nature of the relationship between oil price shocks and inflation. This effect is asymmetrical: during periods of rising oil prices, inflation targeting reduces the effect of the transfer of oil prices, limiting negative effects of shock. During periods of decline in oil prices, this monetary policy regime, in contrast, contributes to a stronger transfer, helping to reduce inflation.
An Enhanced Novel Dynamic Data Processing (ENDDP) Algorithm for Predicting Heart Disease in Machine Learning
Authors: Rao J. Nageswara , Prasad R. Satya
Published: August 2020

Machine learning (ML) is a rapidly developing field in today's world. Use machine learning to extract data from a wide variety of sources. ML can solve various problems based on complex data sets. The prediction of heart disease is the most complex task in the medical field. It cannot be observed with the naked eye, it can appear immediately anywhere, anytime. Many ML algorithms are more capable of handling various algorithms. Due to complexity, the processing of massive data sets is more complicated. By improving these systems, the quality of medical diagnosis decisions can be improved. They can find patterns hidden in large amounts of data that will avoid the use of traditional statistical methods for analysis. In this article, An Enhanced New Dynamic Data Processing (ENDDP) Algorithm is developed to predict the early stages of heart disease. The results prove the performance of the proposed system.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Short Stature at a Tertiary Care Centre in North India
Authors: Rajan Mahima , Vaswani Narain Das , Lekhwani Seema , Bansal Mohit
Published: August 2020

Background: Short stature (SS) is a common pediatric problem. The goal of the evaluation of a child with SS is to identify the subset of children with pathologic causes so that appropriate timely intervention can be made. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the clinical, epidemiological, and etiological profile of SS at a tertiary hospital of north India. Materials and Methods: This was an observational analytical study and was conducted in the department of pediatrics, over a period of 1 year (October 2016– September 2017). A total of 100 children aged 3–14 years, with height <?2SD below the mean height for age and sex, were studied. Clinical history, examination, and laboratory evaluations were done to assess the cause of SS and the data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: About 55% were female and 45% were male. The causes of SS were found to befamilial SS (28%), celiac disease (17%), chronic diseases (15%), constitutional growth delay (12%), hypothyroidism (11%), small for gestational age babies with no catch-up growth (10%), use of corticosteroids (4%), and growth hormone deficiency (3%). Conclusion: Chronic systemic illnesses and malnutrition still form a major chunk in the etiological profile of SS in India. Celiac disease should be considered with a high index of suspicion as one of the etiologies of SS.
Pattern of neonatal morbidity and mortality: A retrospective study in a special newborn care unit, Mumbai
Authors: Randad Kailas , Choudhary Dilipkumar , Garg Ankur , Jethaliya Rahul
Published: August 2020

Background: Despite advances in perinatal and neonatal care, neonatal mortality is still high in developing countries, like India. Special neonatal care units (SNCUs) have been set up at different levels of health-care delivery system to provide quality newborn care services to meet this challenge. Aim: This study was undertaken to study morbidity and mortality pattern of neonates admitted at SNCU. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a newly started SNCU in the Western suburbs of Mumbai, India. The study included all babies admitted between 0 and 28 days of life over a period of 1 year. The babies were categorized based on gestational age and birth weight. Results: A total of 531 babies were admitted during the study period, including 125 outborn babies. About 25% of babies were preterm (<37 weeks), and 40% of babies were low birth weight (LBW) including 4.14% very LBW and 2.44% extremely LBW babies. Neonatal jaundice, respiratory distress, prematurity, LBW, suspected sepsis, and perinatal depression were common indications for admission. Only 11 (2.07%) babies required antibiotics. The overall mortality rate was 1.55%, with birth asphyxia being the leading cause of death. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that simple measures for the prevention of morbidity and mortality related to prematurity and sepsis may avoid excessive use of antibiotics and reduce overall morbidity and mortality of neonates admitted in SNCU/neonatal intensive care units.
Not enough breast milk? Why?
Authors: Bag Toshibananda , Saha Mousumi , Saha Manish
Published: August 2020

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) up to the age of 6 months for its well-known beneficial effects. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to know the profile of cases wherein the complaint of not enough breast milk exists, to find out the causes of such problem, and to find out the areas to be addressed in breastfeeding education programs. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from infants up to 180 days of age, not exclusively breastfed, attending a private clinic from April 2015 to March 2020. Very low birth weight babies and those with anatomical problems interfering with breastfeeding were excluded. Mothers were interviewed, infants examined, and breastfeeding observed for some time to find out the problems. Results: Out of total 940 infants, 63.51% had excessive cry only, 3.19% had only unsatisfactory fullness of abdomen following a feed, and 1.38% a combination of these leading to presumed insufficient breast milk. Another 12.13% of infants had difficulty suckling, mostly because of improper attachment to breast (43.86%) and lack of mother’s patience and motivation (40.35%). A good number (9.47%) of infants did not have any breastfeeding problem at all. Conclusion: Excessively crying infant is usually not because of inadequate breast milk. Refusal to suck is due to improper attachment, lack of motivation, or improper mother-baby bonding. These issues including the WHO recommended idea of EBF need to be addressed in different health education and breastfeeding education programs.
Takayasu’s arteritis with dilated cardiomyopathy associated with tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Tanti Sanjay Kumar , Diwakar Kumar , Mishra Sudhir
Published: August 2020

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic inflammatory large-vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology. A possible relationship between TA and tuberculosis (TB) has been suggested. Both the diseases show similar chronic inflammatory lesions (granulomas) on the arterial walls. Although TA may have various presentations, it presents rarely as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We hereby report a case of TA with DCM, associated with TB.
Recurrent staphylococcal abscess in an adolescent with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome: A rare presentation
Authors: Ahmad Najeeb , Bhakat Rahul , Chacham Swathi , Singh Avinish , Mandal Debdip , Naseeruddin Shaik , Bhat Nowneet Kumar , Naithani Manisha
Published: August 2020

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) more commonly referred to as Job’s syndrome, is an infrequent primary immunodeficiency disorder. It can be inherited either by autosomal dominant or recessive mode with each one having distinct varied clinical presentation. The distinguishing clinical features include recurrent infections, dermatitis, and elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. We report a case of an adolescent female who presented with recurrent staphylococcal infection with axillary lymphadenitis, positive family history, and abnormal facial features mainly broad forehead, facial asymmetry, and peripheral blood eosinophilia with significantly high serum IgE levels, suggestive of autosomal dominant HIES.
Unionist vs. Nationalist: Potential Re- emergence of Identity Crisis in Post-Brexit Northern Ireland
Authors: Probotrianto Andy Fernanda
Published: August 2020

As the world begin to enter another decade of the third millennia, Europe has been struck with various challenges that greatly affects its surrounding geopolitics that, depend on the path further taken, would decide its future: whether maintaining solidarity and regional ‘fraternity’, typically in context of European Union (EU), or towards complete jeopardy and dissolution of the long-lasting union that has been tighten since the end of the Second World War. However, preference of member-states is beginning to drift away to the latter as crisis and problems continue to spring, both internally, such as cases with Greek’s monetary inflation, and externally, concerning massive influx of refugees coming from the Middle East and Africa. As suggested by constructivism, the key of successful resolution depends on the intensity of diplomatic communication. By doing so, both countries should have deep understanding of each other’s perspective. In addition, views and interest of Unionist and Nationalist side should be taken into account for in mitigating possible rise of new conflict.
Multilateral Diplomacy as China’s Expansionism in ACFTA
Authors: Aryani Maria Indira , Wardania Rista Vauza , Sari Widji Anugrah
Published: August 2020

ACFTA or ASEAN-China Free Trade Area, also known as China-ASEAN Free Trade Area is an economic agreement to construct a free trade zone between 10 ASEAN member countries and China to eliminate various tariff and non-tariff barriers. All of ASEAN members’ leaders and China’s leader signed the ACFTA on November 5, 2002 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia which latter came into effect on January 1, 2010. Since then, it was recorded in 2016 that the total trade between ASEAN and China has reached to US$ 475 billion, thus making China as ASEAN’s largest trading partner while ASEAN serves as China’s third largest trading partner.  This means that China’s export to ASEAN is more than ASEAN’s export to China. It could be seen that the free trade area has benefitted China more than it has benefit ASEAN. This paper aims to provide brief explanation on how China is able to benefit more on the trade agreement. Using a descriptive method of analysis, combined with expansionism and multilateral diplomacy concepts, it can be found that China is able to utilize various means to maximize its benefit in the ACFTA scope of agreement. Through the ACFTA, China has managed to master trade routes, break trade barriers, invest more, deepen economic cooperation contracts and master production skills in manufacturing all across ASEAN member countries. All of these efforts are made possible by China’s favourable multilateral diplomacy instruments in the ACFTA.
Assessment of health and mental pecularities of male smokers in comparison with never smokers (population study)
Authors: Gundarov Igor A. , Flores M. A.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Smokers are known to have the mortality rate to be higher than never-smokers. At the same time a refusal from smoking in prevention programs did not make a prognosis better. Smoking may be associated with some social disadvantages, which can also influence health negatively. Testing of this hypothesis which had been made earlier on the population of the enterprise workers proved significant disparities in the way of life and mental features of smokers in comparison with never-smokers. Aim. The aim of present work is to study the health and mental features of male smokers in comparison with never-smokers. Material and methods. 1059 men - workers of metallurgical plant, 35-60 years old, were examined. Response rate of 92.3% makes sample general. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, height, weight, resting pulse rate were taken by standard methods. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as a ratio of weight (kg) to height in square (m2). Men were divided into two groups: 132 heavy smokers (≥20 cigarettes/day) and 403 never-smokers. Results. There was no difference between the groups in age and non-communicative diseases prevalence. At the same time smokers had more often symptoms of psychological disadvantage, people with insufficient BMI and had lower education. Conclusion. Heavy smokers are characterized with less favorable indices of mental status, more often insufficient BMI and lower education level in comparison with never smokers. Health promoting actions among smokers should include the correction of way of life parameters non favorable for health.
Iron Metabolism in the Human Body and Setting its Hygienic Limits for Drinking Water. Review. Part 2
Authors: Egorova Natalija A. , Kanatnikova N. V.
Published: August 2020

Iron is an assential element for the growth, division, differentiation and functioning of any cell in the body. Iron is virtually important for human and danger at the same time, because with excessive accumulation it causes oxidative stress with formation of highly active oxygen radicals and reactive form of nitrogen that can destroy cell membranes, proteins, nucleic acids, reduce cell viability, with, according to modern concepts, can contribute to the development of many diseases (cardiovascular, rheumatic, gastrointestinal, neurodegenerative, oncological, metabolic and others), and also accelerate the aging process. Part 1 of this review discussed the issues of iron metabolism in human, including its regulation at the cellular and systemic levels, the intake, transport, use, accumulation and export of iron in cells, the role of the labile iron pool in the cytoplasm of cells and plasma non-transferrin bound iron. Data are provided on the causes, frequency and significance of iron overload in the formation of free radicals and the development of oxidative stress. Part 2 of the review provides information on diseases associated with iron overload as well as information on ferroptosis - a new type of iron-dependent regulated cell death. Attention is paid to the works of domestic authors, where it was found that prolonged use of drinking water with a high iron content is unfavorable for the population and leads to an increase in the overall incidence, the development of the diseases of the blood, skin and subcutaneous tissue, musculoskeletal system, digestive system, urogenital system, and allergic diseases. Separate publications are cited on the possibility of a negative effect of iron at concentrations in water of 0.3 mg/l and lower. The material of the review emphasizes the preventive significance of caution attitude to regulating iron in the water in the Russian Federation, where 1/3 of the population uses iron-containing water for drinking, and substantiate the feasibility of establishing a hygienic limit for iron in water not higher than 0.3 mg/l.
Pengambilan Keputusan Manajerial: Opsi sewa atau beli dalam pengadaan kendaraan dinas
Authors: Arifin Zanuar , Biswan Ali Tafriji
Published: August 2020

This study discusses managerial decision making regarding buying or rental (leasing)  options in the procurement of official vehicles. This study aims to analyze the most appropriate options between buying or rental (leasing)  for the procurement of official vehicles so that they can be input in making decisions regarding procurement of official vehicles. There are differences of opinion regarding the most efficient method of buying or (leasing) rental options in several government agencies so a study is needed to choose the most appropriate method. Differences in decision making related to procurement of official vehicles can have an impact on budget efficiency. This research is a qualitative research with a case study approach. Case studies were conducted at the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Finance. The data used in this study include primary data in the form of interviews with research resource person and secondary data in the form of regulations and reports related to official vehicles. The method of analyzing data from interviews uses the Miles and Huberman method which consists of 3 stages, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Secondary data were analyzed by calculating the net present value of the total cost of ownership. The results of this study indicate that under normal conditions, buying options are relatively more efficient compared to (leasing) rental options in the procurement of official vehicles. However, (leasing) rental options can be applied under certain conditions.
Peran Masyarakat dalam Pengawasan Dana Desa
Authors: Aprilia Rachma , Shauki Elvia Rosantina
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi peran masyarakat dalam pengawasan Dana Desa di Desa Jeungjing Kecamatan Cisoka Kabupaten Tangerang. Jumlah dana yang dianggarkan bagi Dana Desa dalam APBN 2017 mencapai Rp60 triliun, meningkat hampir 300% dibandingkan anggaran Dana Desa tahun 2015. Namun hasil pantauan ICW terhadap kasus korupsi desa selama tahun 2015-2017 menunjukkan tren peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Desa Jeungjing merupakan salah satu desa tertinggal di Kabupaten Tangerang yang mengalami kasus keterlambatan penyampaian laporan pertanggungjawaban Dana Desa Tahap 1 Tahun 2017. Permasalahan dalam pengawasan masyarakat di Desa Jeungjing dianalisis menggunakan teori akuntabilitas yang memandang suatu mekanisme akuntabilitas sebagai interaksi antara aktor yang bertanggung jawab dan forum yang bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap multiple unit analysis meliputi masyarakat desa, perangkat desa dan lembaga pengawas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan masyarakat Desa Jeungjing terhadap Dana Desa masih belum optimal disebabkan oleh karena tingkat pemahaman dan kepedulian masyarakat yang masih rendah serta akses informasi yang belum memadai. Sebagai konsekuensinya, diskusi yang terjadi antara dua pihak (aktor akuntabel dan forum akuntabel) serta konsekuensi yang muncul menjadi minimum adanya.
Mixed-reality Automotive Testing with SENSORIS
Authors: Varga Balázs , Szalai Mátyás , Fehér Árpád , Aradi Szilárd , Tettamanti Tamás
Published: August 2020

Highly automated and autonomous vehicles become more and more widespread changing the classical way of testing and validation. Traditionally, the automotive industry has pursued testing rather in real-world or in pure virtual simulation environments. As a new possibility, mixed-reality testing has also appeared enabling an efficient combination of real and simulated elements of testing. Furthermore, vehicles from different OEMs will have a common interface to communicate with a test system. The paper presents a mixed-reality test framework for visualizing perception sensor feeds real-time in the Unity 3D game engine. Thereby, the digital twin of the tested vehicle and its environment are realized in the simulation. The communication between the sensors of the tested vehicle and the central computer running the test is realized via the standard SENSORIS interface. The paper outlines the hardware and software requirements towards such a system in detail. To show the viability of the system a vehicle in the loop test has been carried out.
MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA INDONESIA UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERTAHANAN NEGARA: BELAJAR DARI KOREA SELATAN
Authors: Aji M. Prakoso
Published: August 2020

Keberhasilan Korea Selatan membangun negaranya, terutama pasca Perang Korea di tahun 1950an, membuat dunia terkagum. Sebuah negara yang dahulu dianggap miskin dan terbelah utara dan selatan pasca perang, berubah menjadi sebuah negara yang patut disegani di dunia internasional. Keberhasilan negara ini melakukan reformasi sosial-politik membuat kebijakan-kebijakan yang dilakukan pemerintahannya berhasil. Penguatan sektor industri pada kegiatan ekonominya telah menghasilkan keuntungan yang luar biasa. Diplomasi budaya yang dilakukan pemerintah membuat budaya Korea dikenal dan disukai masyarakat di hampir seluruh belahan bumi. Meningkatnya ekonomi dan pilihan kebijakan yang sesuai, membuat maju bidang pendidikan dan penelitian di negeri itu. Pendidikan dan penelitian yang berkembang membuat sektor pertahanan negara itu semakin kuat. Keberhasilan industri pertahanan dalam negeri untuk mencukup kebutuhan alutsista dalam negeri membuat negara itu mampu bertahan dari ancaman dari Korea Utara, bahkan mampu menjadi eksportir alutsista. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana Indonesia dapat belajar dari Korea Selatan terutama dari bidang sosial-politik, ekonomi, budaya, pendidikan dan penelitian, dan juga pertahanan. Hal ini dilakukan agar mampu meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia Indonesia untuk mendukung pertahanan negara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kualitas SDM Indonesia bidang pertahanan, Indonesia dapat belajar tidak hanya dari bidang pertahanan Korea Selatan, namun juga bidang sosial politik, ekonomi, budaya, serta pendidikan dan penelitian.

Kata Kunci : konfusianisme, industrialisasi, hallyu, penelitian dan pengembangan, dan industri pertahanan
INTEROPERABILITY DALAM KEBIJAKAN ZERO ACCIDENT TNI AU
Authors: Rizal Samsul , Hidayat Safril
Published: August 2020

Kebijakan zero accident merupakan program prioritas TNI AU untuk mengurangi kecelakaan (accident) dan insiden (incident) dalam operasional pesawat TNI AU. Implementasi kebijakan dapat menekan jumlah kecelakaan maupun insiden yang dapat menimbulkan korban jiwa dan Alutsista TNI AU. Namun demikian, implementasi kebijakan masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga belum dapat diwujudkan interoperability dalam implementasi kebijakan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan interoperability business process dilakukan analisis terhadap implementasi kebijakan zero accident. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan sumber data primer melalui narasumber terpilih (purposive sampling). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan dengan menggunakan sistem yang interoperability dalam kebijakan zero accident belum dilakukan oleh sub organisasi TNI AU. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan aplikasi agar dapat mewujudkan interoperability dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan zero accident.

Kata Kunci : kebijakan, interoperability, zero accident
ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF IRON SAND PROCESSING INTO SPONGE IRON IN ORDER TO SUPPORT THE DEFENSE INDUSTRY OF STEEL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Aritonang Sovian , Jupriyanto Jupriyanto , Juhana Riyadi
Published: August 2020

The number of iron sand reserves is mostly spread in the coastal waters of Indonesia, from the coast of Sumatra, the southern of Java to Bali, the beaches of Sulawesi, beaches in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), and the northern coast of Papua. Total reserves for ore are 173,810,612 tons and metal as much as 25,412,652.62 tons. But its utilization was not optimal because PT. Krakatau Steel, and PT. Krakatau Posco has produced steel plates only 24,000 to 36,000 tons per year. While the need for steel plates for the shipping industry each year requires 900,000 tons per year. With the need for raw material for steel plates in the form of iron sponges with Fe ≥ 60%, PT. Krakatau Steel is still imported from abroad. The proof is PT. Krakatau Steel before and during the year 2000 still imported Iron Ore Pellets from the countries of Sweden, Chille and Brazil for 3,500,000 tons per year. This condition is the cause of the national steel industry unable to compete with the foreign steel industry because imported raw materials are subject to import duties. This is an opportunity to build a steel raw material company because all this time the steel raw material industry in Indonesia has only two companies. This condition encourages the manufacture of iron sponges, with the process of making iron sponges with technology adapted to installed production capacity. This study analysed the manufacture of iron sponges using Cipatujah iron sand, as raw material for the manufacture of iron sponges, with the results obtained in the form of iron sponges with the highest levels of Fe ≥60.44%. This can be used for the purposes of raw materials for steel making PT. Krakatau Steel (PT. KS), because so far PT. KS claims that Fe <60% local sponge iron products. This can encourage the independence of steel raw materials, which impacts on the independence of the defence industry. But the government must also protect and prioritize steel raw materials for national production for national steel production. With the national government steel industry, the consortium of vendors supplying raw material (iron sponge) to maintain the quality and supply of continuous sponge iron.

Keywords: iron sand, iron pellet, iron sponge
KONTRIBUSI USAHA BUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT DALAM MEMPERLUAS LAPANGAN KERJA DAN MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN PANGKAJENE DAN KEPULAUAN
Authors: Abidin S Zainal
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini berjudul Kontribusi Usaha Budidaya Rumput Laut Dalam Memperluas Lapangan Kerja dan Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat adalah bagaimana kontribusi usaha budidaya rumput laut di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan dalam rangka memperluas lapangan kerja dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan faktor-faktor apa yang menghambat usaha budidaya rumput laut di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa kontribusi usaha budidaya rumput laut di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan berdasarkan temuan yang didapat bahwa budidaya rumput laut dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan. Sehingga pemanfaatan rumput laut di Kabupaten Pangkajene kemudian bisa dikembangkan kearah komersial untuk diekspor dan diperdagangkan sebagai bahan mentah untuk pembuatan agar-agar atau karaginan (carageen). Faktor-faktor yang menghambat usaha budidaya rumput laut di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan adalah menyangkut menyediakan pembiayaan usaha alias modal usaha dan faktor alam karena budidaya rumput laut tergantung musim dan bibit yang tidak memadai sehingga dibutuhkan bibit dan modal agar budidaya rumput laut dapat terus dikembangkan.

Kata Kunci: Kontribusi, Budidaya Rumput Laut, Kesejahteraan Masyarkat
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NATIONAL AGENCY FOR COMBATING TERRORISM’S DERADICALIZATION PROGRAM TOWARD TERROR CONVICTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Indrawan Jerry , Aji M. Prakoso
Published: August 2020

Deradicalization programs have been implemented in Indonesia since 2012. This program employs preventive paradigm in implementing the policies it produces. During the seven years of implementation, deradicalization experienced challenges and obstacles. So far, there are many critics addressed to deradicalization program, such as criticism toward the lack of budget, prison facilities, deradicalization materials provided to terror convicts, post-deradicalization follow-up, as well as negative public reception on the idea of ex-terror convicts returning to society. These problems are hampering the effectiveness of deradicalization program. This paper employs theory of deradicalization and theory of effectiveness. It employs qualitative method with deductive and conceptual analysis, and the data is obtained through literature studies. This paper aims to see the effectiveness of deradicalization program carried out by National Agency for Combating Terrorism (BNPT) toward terror convicts in Indonesia.

Keywords: Terrorism, Deradicalization, Terror Convicts, Resocialization and Reintegration
NATURAL RESOURCES CONTRIBUTION IN DEFENSE DIPLOMACY: A CASE STUDY OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Authors: Sari Marina Ika
Published: August 2020

Brunei Darussalam is a country rich of natural resources, especially oil and natural gas. The country's income source is highly dependent on oil and gas sector. The fall of world oil price had an impact on Brunei Darussalam’s economy and the government decided to cut off 25% of its defense budget in 2015. However, in 2018, Brunei Darussalam's defense budget reached B$ 492,754,700, a 12.9% increase from the previous year's budget. This research focuses on Brunei Darussalam’s oil and natural gas sectors which have an impact on its defense budget. The amount of a country's defense budget will affect its defense power, including its defense diplomacy activities. This study employs the concept of defense diplomacy. This study finds that there are several key results areas in the defense of Brunei Darussalam government, such as territorial integrity, support toward "whole-of-nation" approach, effective defence diplomacy, military involvement in international missions, high standard of human resource capacity, as well as respected and credible image of the defense organisation.

Keywords: Brunei Darussalam, defense diplomacy, natural resources