bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrenamiento en habilidades sociales en cuidadores informales de pacientes con dependencia alcohólica: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Pérez Cárdenas Karina Monserrath , Reivan Ortiz Geovanny Genaro
Published: April 2022

El alcoholismo es considerado una principal dificultad que atraviesa la sociedad a nivel mundial, por tanto, los cuidadores informales necesitan desarrollar nuevos conocimientos para mejorar la atención y rehabilitación de pacientes con dependencia alcohólica. En la actualidad se usan diversas técnicas psicoterapéuticas como tratamiento de algunos trastornos psicológicos por lo cual, esta investigación pretende analizar la eficacia de la terapia de Entrenamiento en Habilidades Sociales en cuidadores informales de pacientes con dependencia alcohólica. Se realizó una búsqueda en la base de datos: PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus y Lilacs para identificar artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años, la muestra final analizada estuvo conformada por 10 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Los resultados obtenidos favorecen a la evidencia empírica y a una correcta sociabilización en los cuidadores informales para que mencionada terapia sea utilizada por profesionales de la salud mental con el fin de mejorar la interacción entre cuidador y paciente favoreciendo la calidad de vida, disminución de la taza de recaídas y la necesidad de futuras intervenciones en pacientes con problemas de alcohol.
Obesidad como factor predisponente de trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo
Authors: Pelaez Huayamave Aurora Marielena , Medina Alvarado Nadia Jessenia , Narea Morales Vicky Edita , Solano Honores Joselynne Daniela
Published: April 2022

La obesidad es un factor de riesgo que puede predisponer al origen de algún trastorno hipertensivo durante el embarazo, el objetivo fue determinar la obesidad como factor predisponente de trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo, Hospital Matilde Hidalgo de Procel atendidas desde el mes de enero a junio del 2021. Fue un estudio de diseño observacional de modalidad cuantitativa, tipo de investigación descriptiva, transversal, prospectiva, donde los resultados obtenidos fueron que la preeclampsia tiene un alto índice de prevalencia con un 28,1% el cual representa el mayor porcentaje de casos, en las 203 gestantes estudiadas se evidencio que el 45.80% presento obesidad grado I, 18.70% presento obesidad grado II, el 35.50% presento obesidad grado III. Los trastornos hipertensivos mas frecuentes que se presentaron en el embarazo fueron: preeclampsia el 40%, eclampsia 1%, el 13% hipertensión gestacional y el 46% de las gestantes con obesidad no presentaron ningún trastorno hipertensivo. Conclusión: La obesidad puede ser un factor predisponente para que las pacientes presenten un trastorno hipertensivo durante su gestación, lo cual aumenta la morbi-mortalidad materno-neonatal.
Gender violence among women in the canton of Azogues
Authors: Estrella-González María de los Ángeles , Cluet de Rodríguez Isabel , Romero Sacoto Lilia Azucena , Ávila Cárdenas Francisco Xavier , González Castillo Julia Cecilia , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis
Published: April 2022

Gender violence is an issue that generates worldwide impact, in addition to being a public health problem, since there are high levels of patrimonial, psychological, physical, and sexual violence that occur daily and are not reported due to fear, omission and Justification, that is why the importance of carrying out this research is born. Describe gender violence in women who attend the Health Center No. 1 of Azogues. Non-experimental study of descriptive, analytical, prospective and cross-sectional type with a quantitative approach. The participants were Women 15 to 49 years of age who went to an outpatient clinic. A survey was designed that included sociodemographic factors and consisted of 27 questions, which collected data on the types of patrimonial, psychological, physical and sexual violence. Results were obtained from 351 women who made up the established sample, where more than 50% belonged to the young adult population, they showed patrimonial violence 22.5%, Psychological 45.6%, Physical 20.8%, and sexual 13,1%. There is a level of positive significance between age and patrimonial, psychological and physical violence, marital status with all types of violence and the level of instruction with a level of negative significance related to patrimonial, psychological and physical violence.
METHODOLOGY OF MULTILEVEL ASSESSMENT OF THREATS TO ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT "EDUCATION"
Authors: Kleschev Sergey
Published: April 2022

The article presents the author's methodological approach to assessing the stability of the economic security system (SEB) based on the systematization of the stages of analytical studies of strategic problems and threats to economic security in the implementation of the NP "Education" provides an opportunity for a qualitative comprehensive assessment of the totality of the trends.
OVERVIEW OF POSITIVE TRENDS AND WORLD EXPERIENCE IN THE PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL TOWNS
Authors: Vahitov Damir , Astrahanceva Elena
Published: April 2022

What is happening in the global economy change is inevitable ska-outlined the way forward on the situation of small and medium-sized cities, providing both positive and negative effects, providing new opportunities for the development or threatening the very existence of municipalities. The negative processes include the acceleration of planetary migration flows, the difference in the socio-economic development of different regions of the country, the geographical remoteness of settlements from each other, the unresolved problems of single-industry towns, as well as competition from megacities. At the same time, a number of positive processes (better environment, peace and quiet, affordable housing) make small and medium-sized cities an attractive place to stay and rest for many citizens of our country and foreigners. The contradictory trends suggest arguments for and against the consolidation of urban settlements.

Due to the ambiguity of the situation in the development of state programs for the development of urban areas of small and medium format, it is necessary to approach each specific case separately, taking into account the peculiarities of the population point, trying to preserve the diversity of urban construction in Russia. A skillful combination of state support and rapid response to global economic and social trends will enable the best way to realize the benefits of small and medium-sized cities.
MONITORING PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT TAX AUTHORITIES
Authors: Anoshina Yuliya
Published: April 2022

For the timely execution of tax obligations, tax authorities create trusting relations with taxpayers, providing them with comfortable conditions and a high level of quality of services provided for the timely fulfillment of obligations. The article considers: the composition and structure of tax authorities; indicators for assessing and planning the effectiveness of the tax authorities of Russia, to which the Federal Tax Service refers. Special attention is paid to the analysis of tax revenues to the consolidated budget, their collection and debt.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY OF THE ECONOMY IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD
Authors: Kazakova Nataliya
Published: April 2022

The article considers cybercrime or information security risks as one of the key threats to global and national security, manifested in the form of illegal activities in relation to information and data stored on electronic media. Statistical data on cybercrime trends in the world and in Russia are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the legislative system of cybersecurity in a number of countries, including those in the top five in terms of cybercrime, was carried out, which allows us to assess the impact of state policy on the information security of countries.
PROBLEMS OF STAFFING IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF A BUSINESS SUBJECT
Authors: Fedorkova Yuliya , Kotenev Aleksandr
Published: April 2022

In the presented work, a study of the problems of personnel management of an economic entity was carried out. Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches and views on the issues under consideration, threats and risks that arise in the process of working with personnel, having both external and internal content, are identified. It has been established that the applied approaches require constant adjustment, and also need to be adapted to the changing realities. The authors focus on the need to develop methods for adapting employees in case of a change in the format of the work performed, namely the transition to a remote format.
RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Authors: Mel'nikov Igor'
Published: April 2022

This article defines the concept of rural tourism, provides a brief list of opportunities realized through this type of tourism. It also analyzes and presents the positive and negative sides of rural tourism, its impact on the economy of Russia, on the development of socio-cultural relations. The program for the development of rural tourism in Russia until 2030 is presented. It offers a brief description of the Program, its goals and objectives. Also analyzed and proposed ways of implementing this program. This program will contribute to the correct and purposeful choice of solutions to problems associated with the development of rural tourism in Russia.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the activities of socio-oriented non-profit organizations in the field of military and patriotic education
Authors: Zvonareva Nataliya , Muzaleva Tat'yana
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the issue of assessing the economic efficiency of non-profit organizations. The importance of a reliable analysis of the activities of non-profit organizations that have a social orientation of their activities from the point of view of the state and society is substantiated. The risks of a high share of state financing of NPO activities are considered and a coefficient of social attractiveness is developed. The positive and negative aspects of doing business by non-profit organizations are reflected and the commercialization coefficient is proposed, which serves to assess the effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity
Analytical support for modeling business processes in an organization
Authors: Aleksandrova Kseniya , Muzalev Sergey
Published: April 2022

Background.

Business analysis is not widely used in today's enterprises, and the business analyst profession is relatively recent. At the same time, business analytics, and in particular the modeling of business processes, plays a huge role in managing the activities of an organization. Understanding the relationship between business processes provides significant opportunities for analyzing and planning business changes.

The modern market is not a market of quantity, but of the quality of the services provided, which is why there is a need to analyze existing business processes in order to form an effective enterprise management system. As a result of the analysis, the enterprise forms a system of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of key business processes with the aim of their subsequent optimization, replacement or reengineering.

In general, the activity of the enterprise can be reduced to the identification of internal and external events that affect the efficiency of business processes.

The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the timely detection of deviations from the requirements that affect the efficiency of existing business processes and their optimization allow the business to make effective decisions for its continued existence.

Methods.

The article discusses the main methods, algorithm and tools for analyzing business processes in the activities of enterprises.

Result.

The article discusses the methods of business process analysis, defines the problems of implementing business process analysis methods, discusses the procedures and algorithms used to address issues related to identifying problematic business processes.
Assessment of the main performance indicators of regional waste collection enterprises of the Moscow Region
Authors: Gerasimov Aleksandr
Published: April 2022

This article provides an economic analysis of the enterprises of the waste processing system in the Moscow region. The problems and strengths of each type of activity are identified on the basis of the largest enterprises in each sub-sector of waste processing. The analysis of economic indicators is based both on the study of industrial enterprises and on the basis of work experience at enterprises in the waste processing industry, which makes it possible to interpret financial and economic indicators in the most realistic way. As a result of the analysis, trends in the development of the waste processing industry were identified, which makes it possible to control and predict changes in the construction of a waste management system.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE CATEGORY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECURITY IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Karanina Elena , Lobanov Vadim
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the publication is to assess the direction of development of socio-economic security in modern conditions and to consider ways of forming new approaches to its definition. Based on the analysis of the available literature on this issue, a comparative characteristic of approaches to the definition of socio-economic security, as well as its components, and the author's approach, considering the internal transformation of the phenomenon of socio-economic security towards the social block, as a concept of solving the existing problems of our time, is given.
Conditions for the development of innovations in the social sphere
Authors: Balashov Aleksei
Published: April 2022

The article deals with political, institutional and organizational changes in modern society that contribute to the emergence of innovations in the social sphere. The author of the article defines social innovations as progressive solutions to social problems, new forms of organizing interaction both inside and outside social institutions, involving the emergence of new products, services or processes that can be qualitatively assessed, focused on sustainable development and create social value. The content of the concepts of open innovations and implemented innovations in relation to management in the social sphere is considered in detail.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Lubang Resapan Biopori Bagi Penguatan Ekonomi Berkelanjutan di Desa Sekotong Timur, Lombok Barat
Authors: M. Yamassan Jayasin  , Alifya Ismasanti Ramelan  , Annisa Kurniati  , Rita Jannatul Arsyah  , Nurul Yuliatul Mi’Rojah  , Dhea Anisya Pasha  , Berliana Rizki Annisa S  , Sukardi
Published: April 2022

Desa Sekotong Timur khususnya Dusun Jelateng Sedenggang sering kali terjadinya bencana alam seperti banjir pada musim hujan dan kekeringan pada musim kemarau, sehingga berbagai kerugian yang dialami masyarakat akibat bencana tersebut. Maka dari itu solusi alternatif yang diberikan dalam kegiatan ini melalui sebuah program yang bertujuan untuk meminimalisir dampak buruk bencana banjir dan tumpukan sampah organik dengan pemanfaatan teknologi lubang resapan biopori. Ikhtiar ini juga sejalan dengan prinsip ekonomi berkelanjutan Metode pelaksanaan dalam kegiatan ini dimulai dengan tahapan: 1) Observasi dan Survey Lokasi; 2) Pendekatan dengan masyarakat Sekotong Timur; 3) Sosialisasi Tanggap Bencana; 4) dan Praktek Pembuatan Teknologi Lubang Resapan Biopori. Pemanfaatan Teknologi Lubang Resapan Biopori selain dapat memeberi manfaat bagi ekonomi berkelnajutan, seperti: mencegah banjir, lubang biopori juga dapat mengurangi genangan air, sebagai tempat pembuangan sampah organik dan pembuatan pupuk organik, serta meningkatkan kualitas air pada tanah.
Intellectual Capital Performance Of State-Owned Enterprises In Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawati Rima , Deliana Deliana , Lestari Rini
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur kinerja pengelolaan modal intelektual di Badan Usaha Milik Negara dengan menggunakan model Pulic dikenal dengan Value Added Intellectual Capital. Data yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan BUMN tahun 2020. Hasil kajian menunjukkan 10 BUMN dengan kategori top performance dan 11 BUMN dengan kategori bad performance. Implikasi penilaian ini mendorong BUMN untuk terus membenah dalam memanfaatkan modal intelektual untuk menciptakan nilai agar mampu bertahan dan memiliki daya saing di Era Pengetahuan saat ini.The purpose of this study is to measure the performance of intellectual capital management in State-Owned Enterprises using the Pulic’s model known as Value Added Intellectual Capital. The data used is the financial statements of SOEs for 2020. The results of the study show 10 SOE’s in the top performance category and 11 SOE’s in the bad performance category. The implications of this assessment encourage SOE’s to continue to improve in utilizing intellectual capital to create value in order to be able to survive and have competitiveness in the current Knowledge Age.
Digital burnout and perceptive failure: The example of physical education teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sirin Tayfun , Sirin Yeliz Eratli , Can Berna
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted to examine physical education teachers’ levels of digital burnout and perceptual fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: This study was designed according to the quantitative research model and conducted within the framework of the relational screening model. The research group consists of 504 physical education teachers, including 240 women and 264 men, who work in high schools and secondary schools in Adana and Mersin provinces. Results: The results showed that the teachers working in high schools were in the digital environment too much. At the same time, teachers stated that they did not feel stressed when they were in a lot of digital/virtual environments. Another result of the study is that the variables of daily internet usage time are partially effective on physical education teachers' digital burnout and perceptual fatigue levels. Conclusions: Nowadays, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, digitalization, which is used in educational institutions as well as in other sectors, has become a necessity. This proves that it is necessary to measure the perceptual fatigue tendency, which is the precursor of many organizational behavior variables.
Ciencia ciudadana y nuevas relaciones de poder y control
Authors: Blasco Ejarque José Luís , Tirado Francisco , Rovira Martorell Joan
Published: April 2022

En este artículo se analiza el rol de la ciencia ciudadana como dispositivo postbiopolítico (psicopolitíco) de dominación y subjetivación en las prácticas científicas ciudadanas en el marco de las sociedades neoliberales del siglo XXI. En tal sentido, analiza cómo la convergencia NBIC (nano, bio, info y cogno) establece un presente histórico tecnocientífico en el que se definen nuevas articulaciones para las relaciones de control y poder. Los autores concluyen considerando que la psicopolítica se revela como un paradigma de dominación propio de las sociedades del rendimiento, que incentivará modelos de desarrollo afines a la ciencia abierta o ciudadana.
TOURISM GOVERNANCE: VILLAGE-BASED TOURISM CRITERIA IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Universitas Bung Hatta, Faculty of Economics and Business, Padang, Indonesia, ZAITUL ZAITUL , NOVIANTI Neva ,   Universitas Bung Hatta, Faculty of Economics and Business, Padang, Indonesia, ILONA Desi ,   Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK, Faculty of Economics and Business, Padang, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Recently, village-based tourism has been discussed by practitioners and academics after considering the importance of the criteria before destination development. However, there are limited studies concerning these criteria, specifically village-based tourism. Therefore, this study aims to develop the village-based tourism criteria. The literature review showed that thirteen criteria are being suggested, and the experts from the government agency and academics from the tourism department were surveyed using questioners. The twenty-seven experts who participated in this study were analyzed using nonparametric statistics, such as the Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests, to gain agreement among samples. Therefore, the exploratory factor analysis was conducted to classify the criteria into several factors, also this study was developed using the measurement model. The result showed two types of village-based tourism criteria: (ii) Attractive condition, and parking factor, and (ii) Appealing activity, essential condition, and mitigation factor. Practically, this finding can be considered while developing the village-based tourism criteria and literature.
GUARANTEE OF SAFE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Department of Business Consulting and International Tourism, Melitopol, Ukraine, TRUSOVA Natalia , KRASNODIED Tetiana ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Department of Business Consulting and International Tourism, Melitopol, Ukraine, DEMKO Valentina ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Department of Business Consulting and International Tourism, Melitopol, Ukraine, ZAKHARCHENKO Olena ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Department of Business Consulting and International Tourism, Melitopol, Ukraine, MOROZOVA Olena ,   Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University, Department of Tourism, Hotel and Restaurant Business and Foreign Languages, Kherson, Ukraine, KATSEMIR Yana ,   Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University, Department of Tourism, Hotel and Restaurant Business and Foreign Languages, Kherson, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The article considers the conditions for providing a guarantee of safe innovative development of the tourism industry of Ukraine. The study was aimed at finding ways to ensure safe innovative development of the tourism industry in Ukraine. Method. A comprehensive approach to assessing the safe state of innovative development of the tourism industry in the economic system of the country was substantiated. Results and interpretation. The system of indicators for assessing the level of the social component of safe innovative development of the tourism industry in the territorial tourist destination was presented. The trend of changing the number of tourism entities in the TTD and Ukraine as a whole in terms of the functionality of a secure system of innovative development is analyzed. Optimization methods of risk management of safe innovative development of tourist enterprises in the territorial tourist destination are offered. The general index of a safe condition of innovative development of territorial tourist destinations is offered and defined.
The influence of combinations of alien translocations on in vitro androgenesis in spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Timonova E. M. , Adonina I. G. , Salina E. A.
Published: April 2022

Backgr ound.The basic approach to the production of new common wheat genotypes involving introgressive hybridization entails a long-term process. Doubled haploid production could accelerate it. However, this method is not widely used in breeding programs due to its main limitation: the genotype dependence. Due to genetic differences between wheat and related species, it was assumed that alien genetic materials are different in their capacity to affect androgenesis. The effect of alien translocations on androgenesis has been shown earlier. The aim of this study was to develop a set of DH wheat lines containing a wheat-alien translocation in the genome and study the effect of alien translocations on androgenesis of anther culture in such lines.Materials and methods. The plant material included: the spring wheat cultivar ‘Novosibirskaya 16’, line Velut 991 carrying wheat-alien translocations 1RS.1BL from rye and 5BS.5BL-5SL from Aegilops speltoides Tausch, and four hybrid F3  generation lines (10-7, 14-8, 15-8, 15-12) from their crossing, differing in the content of alien translocations.Results.It was shown that parameters of androgenesis such as the number of embryo-like structures per 100 anthers, the number of albino regenerants per 100 anthers, and the number of green regenerants per 100 anthers varied depending on the line. The best -responding lines Velut 991, 10-7 and 14-8 are characterized by the presence of a 1RS.1BL wheat-rye translocation chromosome. Regeneration frequency of green plants was recorded to be 8,6%, 3,6% and 10,1% respectively. The values of the parameters for lines 15-12 (carrying 5BS.5BL-5SL translocation) and 15-8 (without translocations) did not differ significantly.Conclusion.Therefore, it can be concluded that the presence of the introgressive fragment of chromosome 5S did not affect the efficiency of androgenesis and the short shoulder of chromosome 1R carries genes that stimulated androgenesis in anther culture.
Cytogenetic factors decreasing the fertility of pollen and cobs during clogging of tetraploid maize with triploid grains (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Khatefov E. B. , Grushin A. A. , Boyko V. N.
Published: April 2022

Background. Clogging of tetraploid maize crops with triploid grains leads to a decrease in grain yield and the destruction of the genome’s stability. Searching for the reasons of the tetraploid genome’s decomposition as well as solving the problem of seed yield reduction in freely pollinated crops of tetraploid maize remains relevant.Materials and methods. Cultivars of tetraploid dentate (k-23427) and sweet (k-23426) maize from VIR and dentate (k-24735) and sweet maize (k-23425) hybrids served as the material of the research. The experiments were carried out in the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. Incubation and hybridization were carried out under parchment insulators. Metaphase plates of maize roots were stained with Schiff’s reagent according to Feulgen and pollen grains were stained with Lugol’s solution.Results. Triploid grains, along with diploid ones, were able to germinate and show poor fertility. As a result of the fusion between male gametes of triploid and female tetraploid plants, an imbalance in the stability of the tetraploid genome occurred, leading to increased degradation of the cultivar’s productivity with each seed reproduction. A cytological analysis and the results of test crosses 2n × 3n, 4n × 3n showed that in self-pollinated triploid plants the frequency of diploid kernel formation was 7.44%; triploid + aneuploidy, 41.78%; tetraploid, 50.74%; and in test crosses the frequency of diploid ones was 18.22%; triploid + aneuploid, 63.83%; and tetraploid, 36.15%. The analysis of segregation classes with the determination of Pearson’s χ2  criterion showed that instead of the expected segregation 1(2n) : 7(3n) + (Xn±1x) : 1(4n), diploid, triploid + aneuploid and tetraploid kernels developed on self-pollinated triploid plants in the ratio of 2 : 13 : 16, respectively, and in test crosses for the 2n and 4n genotypes splitting into diploid, triploid + aneuploid, and tetraploid grains occurred in the ratio of 7 : 18 : 14, respectively
Interregional features in the taxonomic composition of the Russian segetal floras
Authors: Baranova O. G. , Tretyakova A. S. , Luneva N. N. , Zverev A. A. , Kondratkov P. V. , Terekhina T. A. , Khasanova G. R. , Yamalov S. M. , Lebedeva M. V.
Published: April 2022

The article contains a comparative analysis of the taxonomical structure of the weedy species composition (segetal flora) in eight regions of Russian Federation: Leningrad, Novgorod, Vologda, Rostov and Sverdlovsk Provinces, Udmurt Republic, Republic of Bashkortostan, and Altai Territory. The segetal flora comprised weeds of cereals, root crops and perennial grasses. The comparison was made separately for the native and alien weeds. The number of native species was higher than that of alien species and varied from 137 to 209 species. The number of alien weeds varied from 99 to 179 species. Vologda Province had the lowest diversity of both native and alien plant species. Udmurt Republic had the greatest native species diversity and Altai Territory had the greatest alien species diversity. The Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Scrophulariaceae families dominated in both the native and alien fractions. The authors compared the compositions of species, families and genera of native and alien weeds. Native and alien weedy species showed the greatest similarity in their composition in geographically close regions: European Russia and the Urals. As for geographically remote regions – Altai Territory and Rostov Province – native and alien weedy species compositions were distant. At the same time, the levels of similarity among the native species were lower than among the alien ones. This attests to greater variability in the species composition among native weeds than among alien ones.
Pollen of Pterocarya (Juglandaceae) representatives from natural habitats and St. Petersburg environments
Authors: Gavrilova O. A. , Firsov G. A. , Gornov D. A. , Semenov A. N. , Volchanskaya A. V.
Published: April 2022

Background. Comparative palynomorphological studies of naturally occurring and introduced Pterocarya Kunth representatives reveal the taxonomic significance of pollen morphological features and pollen characters of cultivated plants. The quality of pollen material and the potential of the plants from the Botanical Garden of BIN RAS for introduction are characterized.Materials and methods.Pollen grains were investigated using light, confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopes. Fertility was assessed using the standard acetocarmine method.Results.Comparison of pollen morphology in cultivated and naturally growing plants of this genus was made for the first time. Pollen fertility of two cultivated species (Pterocarya rhoifolia Siebold et Zucc., and P. stenoptera DC.) was very high, generally over 90%. Fertility of P. fraxinifolia (Lam.) Spach grains varied from 28 to 73% in different years, which is a low or medium level of pollen quality. Morphologically, pollen grains of all 12 specimens from five taxa are flattened, medium sized, 21–45 μm in diameter, with 4–8 pores; pores are located mainly at or near the equator. The pores are round or oval, with a limbus. Exine is three-layered, thickened near the pore. The sculpture is microechinate. The low-fertile P. fraxinifolia specimen contains small pollen grains, as well as grains in tetrads and dyads. The data on the introduction of the genus in St. Petersburg are presented.Conclusion.The palynonomophological description is diagnostic for the genus Pterocarya. The Pterocarya pollen is well distinguishable from other wind-pollinated taxa; however, species identification by pollen for spore-pollen analysis is not practicable. Morphologically, the most diverse are the grains of the low fertile specimen P. fraxinifolia. The limited possibility of seed propagation of P. fraxinifolia is probably explained by low pollen fertility. The pollen quality of the introduced P. rhoifolia and P. stenoptera is high.
Plant Introduction Bureau of the Institute of Plant Industry and its relations with France in the 1920–1930s (based on the documents from the Central State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Khablova E. S.
Published: April 2022

This article examines French–Soviet scientific cooperation focusing on the example of interactions between the Plant Introduction Bureau of the Institute of Plant Industry and French seed production companies. Objectives of the Bureau and the scope of its plant introduction activities are shown. Despite the importance of the Plant Introduction Bureau, its work encountered a number of obstacles. For example, the seed exchange was impeded by organizational problems, such as the neglect of delivery terms by the USSR Trade Office in France or by transport companies, and by financial constraints. There were also ideological conflicts, initiated by A. K. Kol and later by G. N. Shlykov, the heads of the Plant Introduction Bureau. Moreover, scientific links between the USSR and France were aggravated by the political situation in the world, where the USSR and France could not be regarded as allies. Despite these problems, the period from 1926 through 1933, when Nikolai Vavilov was Director of the Institute of Plant Industry, is considered the most productive in terms of cooper cooperation between the Plant Introduction Bureau and French seed production companies.
Identification and quantification of anthocyanins in honeysuckle under the conditions of Tomsk Province
Authors: Zibareva L. N. , Filonenko E. S. , Suchkova S. A. , Savenkova N. V. , Nikitin A. I.
Published: April 2022

Background. Honeysuckle is a promising berry crop for food and medical uses, which has recently become increasingly popular. Searching for sources with high content of bioactive substances to obtain new fruit cultivars with improved chemical composition continues to be relevant. Anthocyanin content and composition in honeysuckle cultivars depend on many factors, including plant reproduction conditions (temperature and humidity). Studying chemical composition of Siberian honeysuckle cultivars grown under the conditions of Western Siberia will make it possible to identify sources of high BAS content for various uses.Materials and methods. The target materials of the study were fruits of 21 honeysuckle cultivars grown in Western Siberia before and after freezing. The qualitative and quantitative composition of anthocyanins was assessed in ethanol extracts of honeysuckle fruits using HPLC technique.Results. The content of anthocyanins was higher in the fruits of honeysuckle grown in Western Siberia compared with the published data for the same cultivars reproduced in Belgorod Province (Central Black Earth Region). After freezing, the anthocyanin level in honeysuckle fruits remained the same and in some cases even increased.Conclusions. The obtained data helped to ascertain that honeysuckle fruits reproduced in Western Siberia are valuable sources of such bioactive compounds as anthocyanins.
Adaptive potential of oat accessions in the context of their chemical and physical grain characteristics
Authors: Polonskiy V. I. , Gerasimov S. А. , Sumina A. V. , Zute S. A.
Published: April 2022

Providing high and stable grain harvests with high content of valuable compounds in grain is an important task of crop production. The aim of the study was to assess the adaptability of oat accessions through the analysis of their chemical and physical properties and disclose relationships among adaptability indicators based on these characteristics.Eighteen oat accessions from the VIR collection, grown for 3 years in Eastern Siberia, were assessed. The content of β-glucans and oil, 1000 grain weight, and test weight were analyzed. Four adaptability indicators were measured for the aforesaid characters.Plasticity and stability parameters of the accessions showed no significant differences between the naked and hulled oat forms. Cvs. ‘Sapsan’ (k-15444) and ‘Aldan’ (k-15115) demonstrated the best adaptability in the content of β-glucans in grain, ‘Sayan’ (k-14043) and ‘Vyatsky’ (k-14960) in oil content, ‘Korifey’ (k-15113) and ‘Taidon’ (k-15183) in 1000 grain weight, and ‘Korifey’ and ‘Gosha’ (к-15120) in their test weight. Among the naked oat accessions, significant relationships were recorded between the adaptability indicators of the content of β-glucans or oil in grain and those of the test weight as well as between the average 1000 grain weight of the accessions and the parameters of their plasticity (negative correlations) or stability (positive correlations) for the said physical character.There is a high risk of obtaining hulled oats with reduced levels of oil in their grain, when selected for high stability for this character. It is assumed that successful oat breeding for increased adaptability in 1000 grain weight will be accompanied by an increase in grain size. The possibility of indirect estimation of the adaptability of naked oat accessions according to their β-glucan or oil content is shown on the basis of calculating their adaptability according to the test weight of their grain.
Effects of planting dates on yield, plant nutrient content and quality of some melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes in Southeastern Anatolia of Turkey
Authors: AKHOUNDNEJAD Yelderem , YILDIZ DAŞGAN Hayriye , SEVGİN Nevzat
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different planting date son yield and nutrient contents of three melon genotypes under semi-arid climate conditions in 2019. Layout of the experiment was randomized block with 3 replications. Nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn), brix value, chlorophyll (SPAD) content and total yield of three melon genotypes were determined. The results indicated that the effect of planting time on melon yield was significant. The highest total yield (3788 kg da-1)was obtained in May 20 planting treatment with Destari melon genotype. Potassium, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn contents and BRIX according to the planting times. The results revealed that nutrient content and yield of melon genotypes planted on May 20were better compared to the other planting dates investigated.
R. Cleopatra? Constructions of an Egyptian Queen in the Babylonian Talmud
Authors: Bonesho Catherine E.
Published: April 2022

Informed by the political power of the image of Cleopatra VII Philopator in late ancient southwest Asia and the eastern Mediterranean, this study investigates the Babylonian Talmud’s portrait of the Egyptian queen. I argue that depictions of the queen in classical rabbinic literature may not be as negative as previously thought and that the figure of Cleopatra acts as a potent character for the rabbis of the Babylonian Talmud to assert rabbinic authority because of the depth of her knowledge about the human body and her fight against Rome. The portrait of Cleopatra serves a variety of purposes, first to support certain rabbinic concepts, like resurrection and menstrual impurity, through references to Cleopatra’s knowledge of embryology and the human body, and second, to elevate and include the rabbis themselves in the famous struggle of Cleopatra versus Rome, East versus West, with the goal of further authorizing the rabbinic project itself.
Old Czech anděl ‘angel’: a Loanword from Old Church Slavonic or from Latin?
Authors:   Czech Language Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Boček Vít
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper is to discuss the existing theories of the origin of the Old Czech word anděl ‘angel’, whose -ď- may be explained as reflecting influence from Old Church Slavonic анг҄елъ, containing a palatalised sound, or from Medieval Latin angelus [anjelus]. New supporting arguments in favour of the latter view are presented, and, in particular, further evidence of Old Czech [ď] in place of earlier [j], the possible secondary influence of antonymous Old Czech diábel/ďábel ‘devil’ in the modification of original Old Czech anjel to anděl, and the form of words for ‘angel’ in other West and western South Slavonic languages. Also considered is the possibility that the origin of anděl is to be found in a spoken Early Romance dialect.
The semantic profile of the verbal prefix do- in Bulgarian and Croatian
Authors:   Shumen University, Nedelcheva Svetlana , Šarić Ljiljana ,   University of Oslo
Published: April 2022

This is a comparative study of the verbal prefix do- in two South Slavic languages, Bulgarian (Blg.) and Croatian (Cro.). Although these two languages show many similarities in the meaning of the verb stems and prefixation patterns, there are some unusual differences that may confuse foreign learners of Slavic, who expect identical or similar base verbs to combine with the same prefixes. The cognitive linguistics framework allows us to approach these differences systematically. We apply it to two databases of Blg. and Cro. prefixed verbs developed for the purposes of this research and extracted from reference books, dictionaries, and online corpora. We systematise do- verbs in a semantic network and account for both the overlapping meaning categories and the differences between the two languages studied, taking into consideration prefixes semantically similar to do- that combine with the same base verbs to form near-synonyms of do- verbs. We point to prefix variation as ensuing from different perspectives on the same event.
Na with the Accusative: Marking the Addressee of Speech in some Western and Southern Russian Dialects
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Ronko Roman V. ,   Vinogradov Institute of Russian Language, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

In this paper we will consider a construction with a preposition na (on) and an addressee of speech with verbs govorit’ (to speak) and skazat’ (to say) in some Southern Russian and Western Russian dialects. In standard Russian, the semantic role of the addressee of speech is marked with the dative case. We will focus on the examples from Russian dialects that use a different marker of the addressee of speech: the preposition na with the accusative case. The research is based on the data extracted from several dialectal corpora, including the Rogovatka corpus, (Starooskolsky district, Belgorod region) the Malinino corpus (Khlevinsky district, Lipetsk region), and the Opochka corpus (Opochecky district, Pskov region). Thus, we analyzed Western Russian (Opochka corpus) and Southern Russian data (Rogovatka and Malinino corpus). Constructions with the preposition na can have several meanings that can be distinguished into 2 groups: contexts with invectives and contexts that contain an impulse (motivation) to action. In the paper, we will consider these two groups of meanings as three stages of a semantic shift. We can suggest that the metaphorical transition of the construction occurs as follows: 1. A surface of a real physical object; 2. A sound wave on a surface, in which the addressee of speech acts with a component of aggression; 3. Influence and control of this addressee.
Three Different Strategies of Voice Coarticulation in Modern Standard Russian
Authors:   Russian Language Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Knyazev Sergey V.
Published: April 2022

The paper reports some new data based on an experimental study in voice coarticulation of voiced and voiceless obstruents adjacent to sonorants as a function of place and manner of articulation of these consonants in Standard Modern Russian. The results of the experiment based on the 384 tokens collected from 24 participants confirm once again that in word internal clusters of [sonorant + obstruent + sonorant] coronal consonants the voice coarticulation of the obstruent is observed; it may be determined by the surrounding sonorants. The coarticulation in question may be realized in three different ways. In the case of sonorants not identical in place and manner of articulation [dental nasal + dental voiceless stop + alveolar vibrant] the closure part of the dental stop becomes voiced throughout, but this accommodation in phonation type does not lead nevertheless to the voiced/voiceless phonemes’ neutralization since the the contrast in question is still maintained by means of phonetic parameters other than voice (phonation itself), such as closure duration, burst duration (being significantly higher in underlyingly voiceless stops) and relative overall intensity (being noticeably higher in underlyingly voiced obstruents). On the other hand, in the case of dental sonorants identical in place and manner of articulation [nasal + voiceless stop + nasal], where the maximum effect of coarticulation for an homorganic stop was expected, the contrast in burst duration is eliminated since no burst of dental stop is found in the position before an homorganic nasal, but the closure part of the stop does not acquire voicing in order to prevent the voiced/voiceless phonemes’ neutralization. Finally, in the case of [dental nasal + dental voiceless stop + dentalveolar lateral] consonantal clusters the closure part of the dental stop is voiced throughout and the increased burst duration leads to (generally complete) devoicing of the following lateral. The direction of coarticulation in [ntlj] clusters is progressive, it is carried out gradually, left to right.
Latin vs. Russian: the Languages of Rhetoric Classes in 18th Century Russian Seminaries
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kislova Ekaterina I.
Published: April 2022

The article focuses on the use of Russian and Latin in rhetoric classes in Russian seminaries of the 18th century, based on published and archival documents. Over the course of the century, the status of the Russian language changed significantly, which may be attributed to a number of factors: the development of belletristic literature, an increase in book publishing, the encouragement of preaching, etc. However, despite the fact that rhetorical textbooks began to be published in Russian, Latin remained the language of rhetorical theory in seminaries. These processes are illustrated both by surviving collections of extracts and exemplary texts, and catalogs of seminar libraries.
Standardization in Balkan Slavic Diachronic Research
Authors:   University of Zurich, Šimko Ivan
Published: April 2022

The present paper studies the problem of standardization of Bulgarian within the context of the emergence of the Balkan Sprachbund. Traditionally, standardization is considered to be a part of the nation-building process, understood as the codification of orthographic and other linguistic norms in authoritative documents. As they are legally binding within the national collective, the traditional view distinguishes texts from the era before standardization containing more dialectal phenomena and the standardized literature, where dialectal features are usually suppressed. This study presents the hypothesis that the codification of the Bulgarian language in the 19th century did not have such an impact on the later development of language norms. Rather, the codification merely led to changes in orthography. Other norms of the literary language gradually developed within the manuscript tradition of the so-called damaskini. This hypothesis is supported by a quantitative analysis of a sample of texts from various centuries and dialectal areas.
The role of formal third-party endorsements and informal self-proclaiming signals in nonprofit reputation building
Authors: Willems Jurgen , Waldner Carolin Johanna , Dere Yasemin I. , Matsuo Yuka , Högy Kevin
Published: April 2022

In this study, we experimentally test the impact of a formal signal (a third party certificate) and an informal signal (self-proclaimed management quality with respect to social entrepreneurship) on stakeholder supportive intentions and perceived organizational effectiveness. Our study confirms the social entrepreneurship-advantage (Andersson & Self, 2015) but we find no proof of a convincing effect from the formal signal. However, complementary analyses and additional testing of control variables add new perspectives on the relative importance of the social entrepreneurship-advantage, and on potential moderators that could better explain in future studies the varying effects and specific contextual elements that influence formal and informal reputation building signals.