bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Rgs10 aggravates periodontitis with collagen‐induced arthritis via the nuclear factor‐κB pathway
Authors: Chan Wei‐cheng , Tan Liangyu , Liu Jie , Yang Qin , Wang Jiajia , Wang Min , Yue Yuan , Hao Liang , Man Yi
Published: February 2022

Objective

To explore the role of the Rgs10‐associated nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signalling pathway in periodontitis with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods

Porphyromonas gingivalis and collagen were locally applied to mice to establish in vivo periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis models, respectively. Both agents were administered together to establish the comorbid group. All models were treated with adeno‐associated virus‐green fluorescent protein (AAV‐GFP) or adeno‐associated virus small hairpin Rgs10 (AAV‐sh‐Rgs10). In vivo expression of Rgs10 and inflammatory cytokines was analysed, along with exploration of the NF‐κB signalling pathway in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated mouse‐derived RAW264.7 cells, with and without treatment of small interfering RNA (siRNA; Rgs10‐Mus‐MSS245072).

Results

In the comorbidity mouse group (mice with both periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis), inhibition of Rgs10 exacerbated periodontitis, along with upregulation of phospho‐RelA (pP65), tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression in the NF‐κB signalling pathway. Similarly, treatment of LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells with siRNA resulted in the inhibition of Rgs10, along with upregulation of pP65, TNF‐α and IL‐6 expression in vitro.

Conclusion

Inhibition of Rgs10 in mice with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis can promote the progression of periodontitis, indicating the potential therapeutic role of Rgs10 in this condition.
Obesity and dyslipidemia predict cardiac allograft vasculopathy and graft loss in children and adolescents post‐heart transplant: A PHTS multi‐institutional analysis
Authors: Bogle Carmel , Cantor Ryan , Koehl Devin , Lochridge Jillien , Kirklin James K. , Barnes Aliessa , Wallis Gonzalo , Amdani Shahnawaz , Ameduri Rebecca , Pahl Elfriede , Simpson Kathleen E. , Blume Elizabeth D.
Published: February 2022

Background

Obesity and dyslipidemia afflict children of all ages. We explored the prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia in pediatric heart transplant (HT) recipients and its effects on cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and survival.

Methods

This study included primary HT recipients (≤18 years) transplanted between 01/1996 and 12/2018 included in the Pediatric Heart Transplant Society database. Obesity was categorized according to WHO/CDC guidelines and dyslipidemia according to the National Cholesterol Education Program. Kaplan–Meier analyses for CAV and graft loss stratified for BMI and lipid panels were generated and risk factors identified using multivariate analyses.

Results

Among 6291 HT patients (median age [range] at HT = 4.3 [0.6–12.8] years; 45% Female; 68% White), 56% had a normal BMI at HT. Obese patients at HT had an increased risk for graft loss (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01–1.4, p = .04). Poor total cholesterol (TC), LDL‐C, and TG were associated with the risk of both CAV (HR 1.79, p < .0001; HR 1.65, p = .0015; HR 1.53, p < .0001, respectively) and graft loss (HR 1.58, p = .0008; HR 1.22, p = .04; HR 1.43, p = .0007, respectively).

Conclusions

Pediatric patients who are obese at the time of HT and dyslipidemic at 1 year post‐HT are at an increased risk for CAV and graft loss. Preventative interventions may reduce morbidity and mortality among this cohort.
Bacterial community associated with the ambrosia beetle Platypus cylindrus on declining Quercus suber trees in the Alentejo region of Portugal
Authors: Nones Stefano , Fernandes Camila , Duarte Lídia , Cruz Leonor , Sousa Edmundo
Published: February 2022

In Portugal, the oak pinhole borer Platypus cylindrus and its mycobiota have been associated with cork oak (Quercus suber) death, but no knowledge exists regarding the associated bacterial community. However, it is known that some bacteria are important for ambrosia beetle symbiosis and play a role in oak tree health. To explore the bacteria associated with this beetle and its host, with the ultimate goal of highlighting potential roles in oak decline, this study used a culture‐dependent approach for strain isolation and phylogenetic identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). The bored galleries of different cork oak trees from a cork stand in Alentejo, together with the body and mycangia of adult beetles, were investigated. The samples revealed a diverse community comprising 500 isolates with 64 distinct types of bacterial colonies. Sixty‐eight strains were selected for sequencing and used for phylogenetic analysis, 40 from wood galleries and 28 from beetles. Thirty‐two genera of bacteria were identified, 18 of which were described for the first time within oak–beetle interactions. Major taxonomic groups were Actinobacteria in beetles and Enterobacterales in wood galleries. Although specific oak bacterial pathogens were not detected, a group of distinct strains detected in wood galleries, potentially belonging to a new Pectobacteriaceae species, were able to produce mild symptoms on cork oak plantlets. This study reports for the first time the biodiversity of culturable bacteria associated with the Q. suber–P. cylindrus interaction, their relevance to both organisms and the possible contribution to oak decline.
Genetic resistance derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium AAU2019 is monogenic recessive to tomato leaf curl virus
Authors: Oladokun John O. , Barua Nagendra S. , Nath Palash D.
Published: February 2022

Tomato leaf curl disease is a severe threat to tomato production. Yield losses are generally high in the absence of effective management strategies. The disease is caused by tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) and is transmitted by a whitefly vector that is challenging to control. Resistance to ToLCV is absent from most cultivated tomato gene pools, although the use of resistant cultivars would provide a better control option than minimizing the vector population. Unfortunately, resistance sources based on field screening break down when virus pressure is severe. Our previous screening and virus testing of 40 tomato genotypes led to the identification of a highly resistant genotype, Solanum pimpinellifolium AAU2019, as a new source of resistance. In this study, we investigated the inheritance and genetics of resistance to ToLCV in the cross of Pusa Ruby × S. pimpinellifolium AAU2019 in F2 and BC1Ps populations, revealing a monogenic recessive gene (best‐fit ratios of resistance: susceptible to be 1:3 and 0:1) responsible for ToLCV resistance in S. pimpinellifolium AAU2019. Hence, S. pimpinellifolium AAU2019 could be considered as a potential donor parent in breeding programmes to develop tomato cultivars with resistance to ToLCV.
Interrelationships between exercise, functional connectivity, and cognition among healthy adults: A systematic review
Authors: Moore Damien , Jung Myungjin , Hillman Charles H. , Kang Minsoo , Loprinzi Paul D.
Published: February 2022

The main purpose of this systematic review was to examine past literature focusing on the potential relationship between exercise (or physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF]) and functional brain connectivity in healthy adults. Among the studies meeting this purpose, we also evaluated studies investigating whether, and how, functional connectivity may influence the exercise–cognition relationship. A systematic review was employed through several electronic databases (PsychInfo, PubMed, and Google Scholar) in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The literature search identified 656 records, and a total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among these 12 studies, there were 4, 7, and 1 study, respectively, examining the relationship between exercise and frontal lobe connectivity, temporal lobe connectivity, and whole‐brain connectivity. Also, 7 studies examined the relationship between functional connectivity and cognitive performance across multiple brain regions as a function of exercise. Existing literature suggests that CRF, habitual physical activity, and varying intensities of acute exercise can strengthen functional connections among a wide variety of regions and subcortical structures of the human brain. These exercise‐induced functional connectivity changes within and between specific brain structures/networks supporting cognitive processing may improve various domains of cognitive function. Given these complex associations, a thorough understanding of how functional connectivity plays a mediating role in the exercise–cognition interaction is needed in future studies.
Does rubber expansion hinder the migration of rural labor? Evidence from southwest China?
Authors: Yang Ningan , Ding Yawen , Min Shi , Bai Junfei
Published: February 2022

The expansion of agroforestry crops in South Asia has resulted in the reallocation of local agricultural resources, including labor force. Based on two‐wave panel data collected from more than 600 smallholder rubber farmers in southwest China, this study examines the impacts of rubber expansion on the migration of rural labor. The results show that smallholders planting more rubber plantations have significantly fewer migrant family members and lower likelihood of migration, revealing a significantly negative effect of rubber cultivation on the migration of rural labor. Given that the migration of rural labor is a major trend in rural economic transformation, rubber farming appears to result in the resource curse in rubber planting areas. In addition, a positive interaction effect between rubber cultivation and the price of natural rubber on the migration of rural labor reveals that the resource curse effect of natural rubber decreases with the decrease in the price of natural rubber. A period with a relatively low price of natural rubber provides an opportunity to foster the migration of rural labor in rubber planting areas.
Effectiveness of the Hunter Way Back Support Service: An historical controlled trial of a brief non‐clinical after‐care program for hospital‐treated deliberate self‐poisoning
Authors: McGill Katie , Whyte Ian M. , Sawyer Lisa , Adams Danielle , Delamothe Katrina , Lewin Terry J. , Robinson Jo , Kay‐Lambkin Frances J. , Carter Gregory L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Active contact and follow‐up interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing repetition of hospital‐treated self‐harm. The Way Back Support Service (WBSS) is a new service funded by the Australian government to provide three months of non‐clinical after‐care following a hospital‐treated suicide attempt. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of WBSS in reducing deliberate self‐poisoning (DSP) and psychiatric hospital admissions over a 12‐month follow‐up period for a population of DSP patients within the Hunter (Australia) region.

Methods

A non‐randomized, historical controlled (two periods) trial design with intention‐to‐treat analyses. Outcome data were drawn from hospital records.

Results

There were a total of 2770 participants across study periods. There were no significant differences between cohorts for proportion with any, or number of, re‐admissions for DSP in the follow‐up period. For psychiatric admissions, the intervention cohort had a non‐significantly greater proportion with any psychiatric admission and significantly more admissions compared to one of the control cohorts.

Conclusion

The WBSS model of care should be modified to strengthen treatment engagement and retention and to include established, clinical, evidence‐based treatments shown to reduce DSP repetition. Any modified WBSS model should be subject to further evaluation.
Characterization of the novel HLA‐A*24:564 allele by sequencing‐based typing
Authors: Wojciechowski Elodie , Thevenin Celine Rene , Bonafoux Beatrice , Ralazamahaleo Mamy , Visentin Jonathan
Published: February 2022

HLA‐A*24:564 differs from HLA‐A*24:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 240 in exon 4.
Questing Ixodes ricinus ticks and Borrelia spp. in urban green space across Europe: A review
Authors: Hansford Kayleigh M. , Wheeler Benedict W. , Tschirren Barbara , Medlock Jolyon M.
Published: February 2022

For more than three decades, it has been recognized that Ixodes ricinus ticks occur in urban green space in Europe and that they harbour multiple pathogens linked to both human and animal diseases. Urban green space use for health and well‐being, climate mitigation or biodiversity goals is promoted, often without consideration for the potential impact on tick encounters or tick‐borne disease outcomes. This review synthesizes the results of over 100 publications on questing I. ricinus and Borrelia spp. infections in ticks in urban green space in 24 European countries. It presents data on several risk indicators for Lyme borreliosis and highlights key research gaps and recommendations for future studies. Across Europe, mean density of I. ricinus in urban green space was 6.9 (range; 0.1–28.8) per 100 m2 and mean Borrelia prevalence was 17.3% (range; 3.1%–38.1%). Similar density estimates were obtained for nymphs, which had a Borrelia prevalence of 14.2% (range; 0.5%–86.7%). Few studies provided data on both questing nymph density and Borrelia prevalence, but those that did found an average of 1.7 (range; 0–5.6) Borrelia‐infected nymphs per 100 m2 of urban green space. Although a wide range of genospecies were reported, Borrelia afzelii was the most common in most parts of Europe, except for England where B. garinii was more common. The emerging pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi was also found in several countries, but with a much lower prevalence (1.5%). Our review highlights that I. ricinus and tick‐borne Borrelia pathogens are found in a wide range of urban green space habitats and across several seasons. The impact of human exposure to I. ricinus and subsequent Lyme borreliosis incidence in urban green space has not been quantified. There is also a need to standardize sampling protocols to generate better baseline data for the density of ticks and Borrelia prevalence in urban areas.
Rethinking Language Education in the US – A New Paradigm for Language Educators, Advocates, and Stakeholders
Authors: Stein-Smith Kathleen
Published: February 2022

In a globalized and interconnected world, language skills are more important than ever, yet US students lag behind those in many countries, and foreign language enrollment has declined, especially at the elementary and postsecondary levels. In order to build language skills in the US, it is necessary not only to embrace interdisciplinary collaborations, but also partnerships with communities. However, in addition to developing sustainable interest in languages and cultures and sustainable motivation for language learning, it is also necessary to address the issues of accessibility and affordability. Accessibility issues include availability of both in-person and online programs, and affordability includes fees and tuition at all levels, including after-school and weekend programs, and summer camps. Online learning and community partnerships, along with increased funding, play a vital role in make language learning accessible and affordable for all interested students. A language advocacy partnership among all stakeholders can play a significant role in resolving accessibility and affordability issues and making language learning available to all.
Micro-credentials: An interview with George Ubachs
Authors: Şenocak Dilek , Kır Şeyda
Published: February 2022

This interview with George Ubachs conducted by Dilek Şenocak and Şeyda Kır focuses on the concept of micro-credentials and their impacts on higher education and online learning. Ubachs is Managing Director of The European Association of Distance Teaching Universities (EADTU), which is one of the pioneer university networks for open, online, and distance higher education in Europe. He is also coordinator of the European MOOC Consortium (EMC). In this interview, he discusses his experiences on benefits of micro-credentials from different perspectives, possible challenges in implementing micro-credentials, and how micro-credentials support equity and inclusion in education.
Silicon-Based Ultrathin Dielectrics
Authors: Thakur Randhir P. S. , Chen Yuanning , Poindexter Edward H. , Singh Rajendra
Published: February 2022

The phenomenal sustained growth of the electronics industry in the last three decades is primarily due to the success of silicon integrated circuit technology. As compared to any other technology, complementary metal-oxide silicon (CMOS) transistor based integrated circuits have dominated the field of semiconductor manufacturing.
An Electrochemical Approach for Developing a Chip-Based Immunosensor
Authors: Ajith Wijayawardhana C.
Published: February 2022

A Summary Report to The Electrochemical Society for the 1999 Joseph W. Richards Summer Research Fellowship.
Square-Wave Stripping Voltammetry as a Real Time Detection Method for Thin Layer Chromatography
Authors: Petrovic Steven C.
Published: February 2022

A Summary Report to The Electrochemical Society for the 1997 Joseph W. Richards Summer Research Fellowship.
Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Germplasm at Kafa Zone, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremariam Kochito , Alamirew Sintayehu , Gebreselassie Wosene
Published: February 2022

Bread wheat germplasm has wide genetic diversity, which means it can withstand a lot of biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite the presence of bread wheat germplasm diversity in Ethiopia, wheat production in the Kafa Zone is significantly lower than the national average. The ultimate goal of this research was to determine the genetic diversity of grain yield and yield components of bread wheat. One hundred bread wheat accessions with 3 local checks were evaluated in augmented randomized complete block design at Kafa Zone, Gewata Woreda Shupa site, during the 2018–19 growing season. The mean performance of the accessions revealed that accession number 29812 yielded more grain than the others. Spike length, number of seeds per spike, biomass yield, and harvest index all had moderate genotypic coefficients of variation. Spike length, number of seeds per spike, thousand seed weight, biomass yield, and harvest index all had moderate-to-high heritability and also all the above-listed traits had moderate-to-high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. This means that practical improvement of these essential traits can be achieved by effective and satisfactory selection. Grain yield has positive correlations with grain filling period, number of productive tillers, spike length, number of seeds per spike, thousand seed weight, and biomass yield. The principal component analysis grouped all of the traits into four main components. Seven clusters and one ungrouped accession were formed from the accessions. Cluster IV and cluster VI had the greatest intercluster distance (D2 = 104.77) among the clustered groups, suggesting the probability of selecting a parental genotype for hybridization. However, the current result is merely indicative and cannot be used to draw firm conclusions. As a result, the experiment should be replicated in different locations and seasons for greater consistency.
Minimally Invasive Excision of Breast Masses under Ultrasound Guidance: A Single Center’s Five-Year Experience on the Breast Lesion Excision System
Authors: Karakas Hakki Muammer , Yildirim Gulsah
Published: February 2022

Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of the percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) excision system (BLES) as a primary method of diagnosis and removal of small breast masses. Methods. Ninety-six lesions in 95 patients with 50.5 ± 8.4 years of age were treated in a five-year period by a single operator. Inclusion criteria were as follows: size (<20 mm), depth (>10 mm), and indeterminate or suspicious radiological features (74 BI-RADS 3 and 22 BI-RADS 4). The procedure was performed under ultrasound (US) guidance using 6 G retriever probes with 12-, 15-, and 20-mm baskets. Results. Lesions were between 5 and 20 (12.3 ± 3.8) mm in length. They were removed at the first attempt in all but one case. The technical success rate was 98.95%, and the diagnostic success rate was 100%. Ninety-one lesions were histologically benign and five were neoplastic. Two lesions that were previously classified as BI-RADS 3 were diagnosed as neoplasia (atypical lobular hyperplasia), and nineteen lesions that were previously classified as BI-RADS 4a were diagnosed as benign. The complete excision rate (presence of tumor-free negative surgical margin) was 40% in neoplastic lesions. There were no major complications. The minor complication rate was 1.58%. No recurrence was observed during 18 months of follow-up. Conclusion. BLES delivers surgical quality specimens for confident histopathological examination and is a safe alternative to surgical resection in lesions with suitable size.
Perinatal Outcomes in Babies Born before Arrival at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital in Durban, South Africa
Authors: Jenneker M. , Maharaj N. R.
Published: February 2022

Objective. To evaluate the maternal demographics, incidence, perinatal outcomes, and characteristics of babies born before arrival (BBAs) to hospitals. Methods. A prospective, observational study was conducted at a large maternity unit in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. A total of 200 mothers who attended the hospital within 24 hours of an out-of-hospital birth were recruited and interviewed, and 142 participants were eligible. A total of 128 mothers who delivered their babies in hospital (inborns) were used as the control group. Specific maternal and neonatal characteristics were analysed. Results. The incidence of BBAs was 2.2%. The percentage of premature neonates in the BBA group was 54% vs 17.9% for inborns (

p
≤
0.001

). A total of 33.8% of BBA mothers were unbooked vs 2.4% of inborns (

p
≤
0.001

). The majority (59%) of inborns were primigravidas whereas the majority (73.9%) in the BBA group were multigravidas (

p
≤
0.001

). Women in the BBA group were more prone to genital tears (

p
≤
0.001

). There were no significant differences in respect of NICU admission and all-cause mortality; however, an increased risk for hypothermia and hypoglycaemia was found. Conclusion. BBAs are at a significant risk of prematurity, low birth weight, hypothermia, and hypoglycaemia and are prone to longer hospital stays.
Tissue Distribution of Total Flavonoids Extracts of Drynariae Rhizoma in Young and Old Rats by UPLC–MS/MS Determination
Authors: Zhang Yue , Lei Xia , Xu Hongdan , Liu Guoliang , Wang Yeqiu , Sun Huifeng , Geng Fang , Zhang Ning
Published: February 2022

Drynariae Rhizoma (Kunze ex Mett.) J. Sm. has been extensively used in China, Japan, and Korea to treat osteoporosis and tonify kidneys. A rapid and validated UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of the seven analytes including neoeriocitrin, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astragalin, naringin, eriodictyol, naringenin, and kaempferol in rats’ various tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, brain, uterus, ovary, and small intestine) using quercetin as the internal standard (IS) was developed after oral administration of TFDR to rats. Tissues samples were retreated by protein precipitation with methanol. The chromatographic separation was performed using an ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.7 μm) at 35°C. The mobile phase consisted of 1% acetic acid in water as the aqueous phase (A) and 100% acetonitrile as the organic phase (B). All analytes and IS were quantified through electrospray ionization in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. MS transitions were m/z 597.5 ⟶ 289.2 for neoeriocitrin, m/z 449.1 ⟶ 287.1 for luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, m/z 449.1 ⟶ 287.1 for astragalin, m/z 581.5 ⟶ 273.2 for naringin, m/z 289.2 ⟶ 153.1 for eriodictyol, m/z 273.2 ⟶ 153.1 for naringenin, m/z 287.1 ⟶ 153.1 for kaempferol, and m/z 303.2 ⟶ 153.1 for quercetin (IS). The mean extraction recovery of the seven analytes and IS in tissue samples at three levels of quality control (QC) samples ranged from 82.72% to 118.57%, and the RSD was ≤14.98%. The intraday and interday precision (RSD) were all less than 14.98%, and the accuracy (RE) ranged from −13.96% to 14.96%, which indicated that the present method was not an issue. Tissues distribution showed neoeriocitrin, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astragalin, naringin, and naringenin could transfer across the blood-brain barrier, which may form the basis of TFDR entering the brain to play an anti-AD role. Compared with the 8-month-old rats, a higher concentration of naringin was found in the ovaries of the 18-month-old rats; this result indicated that it may regulate the autonomic nervous dysfunction of the cerebrospinal system through the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis, thus playing an anti-AD role, but further research is needed. Naringenin, eriodictyol, and kaempferol have a higher concentration in the liver and kidney; this phenomenon may be related to the traditional Chinese medicine theory that there is a definite relationship between the liver and kidney meridian. These results provide reliable data support for further study of the pharmacological mechanism of TFDR, formulation of drug delivery schemes, and development of new Chinese medicines in the treatment of AD.
Analysis of Antideformation and Antivibration Effect of Different Track Beds under Subway Train Vibration
Authors: Zhang Jin , Xi Chuanhao , Sun Yanhua , Li Guangsheng , Liu Junwei , Wang Mengxue
Published: February 2022

Running metro trains would inevitably influence the vibration deformation in the lower part of the roadbed structure. In order to study the effects of vibration, Qingdao metro line 3 tunnel was taken as the research background. The track coupling model was established using Abaqus-Simpack to analyze the train velocity, train axle load, and trackbed vibration forms for the vertical deformation of roadbed calendar effect to provide the reference in practical engineering design and deformation control. According to the analysis, influenced by the formation of Qingdao Metro Line 3, the time-history curve of the displacement excitation of the trackbed presents the distribution law of “large in the middle and small at both ends.” According to the sensitivity analysis, the deformation of the trackbed is most obviously affected by the form of trackbed; the second was the influence of the axle load of the train. The speed change of the subway train presented relatively little influence on the displacement of the trackbed. Although the deformation control ability of the integral trackbed was better, its vibration reduction performance was poor. The vibration reduction performance of the rubber cushion floating trackbed was the best, followed by the steel spring floating trackbed.
Research on Online Learner Modeling and Course Recommendation Based on Emotional Factors
Authors: Wang Yamin
Published: February 2022

With the popularization of online education and the idea of learning anytime and anywhere, more and more learners search and learn courses of various disciplines through online learning platforms to meet their personal knowledge needs. With the increase of the number of courses, it is difficult for learners to find the courses they want quickly and accurately; that is, they encounter the problems of information overload and cognitive maze. Therefore, how to recommend personalized courses for learners according to their preferences has become one of the important problems that need to be solved urgently to improve the service quality of courses in online learning platforms. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of course recommendation, it is necessary to build an accurate and complete learner model. In order to improve the application effect of recommendation, this paper focuses on the recommendation method of emotional factors to improve the recommendation efficiency of learning resources. The traditional recommendation model is a method based on the user’s purchase behavior and historical information. However, in the emotional factors, the effect of traditional recommendation is limited. This paper proposes a recommendation method based on emotional factors, which may consider the emotional and psychological factors of scholars according to the learning content of learners. The experimental results show that the learner model incorporating learners’ affection can reflect learners’ preferences more accurately, and the use of deep neural factorization machine for curriculum recommendation can effectively improve the accuracy of curriculum recommendation.
Experimental and Simulation Study on Breaking Rock under Coupled Static Loading and Ultrasonic Vibration
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zhang Congshan , Zhang Zengzeng , Gao Ke , Zhao Dajun , Sun Zihang , Lv Xiaoshu , Zhou Yu , Zhai Guobing
Published: February 2022

In recent years, ultrasonic vibration rock-breaking technology has aroused great interest in tunnel excavation and underground mineral. To apply this technology to practical engineering, it is necessary to compare the difference between cumulative damage and crack propagation of rock under static load and ultrahigh frequency alternating load. Numerical simulation and laboratory experimental methods were used in this paper to study the damage and fracture characteristics of rock under static loading and ultrasonic vibration. The variation laws of rock infrared temperature characteristics, porosity and compressive strength under different ultrasonic static loads were studied. The discrete element model of rock under ultrasonic vibration was established, and the numerical simulation was carried out by PFC2D software. We designed the ultrasonic rotary drilling device to verify the drilling effect. The process and mechanism of rock fragmentation under static load and ultrasonic vibration load were analyzed from the perspective of energy. Numerical simulation and experimental results showed that the combination of static load and ultrasonic vibration accelerates the failure speed of rock sample. The thermal infrared temperature characteristic test showed that the rock-breaking process under ultrasonic load and static load has three stages: stage I, elastic deformation and the temperature rises linearly; stage II, the development of microcrack and the temperature is further increased uniformly, and stage III, macrobreaking and rock chips falling off, and the temperature fluctuates sharply. There is a minimum threshold value for the promotion of static loading to break rock by ultrasonic vibration. Only when the static load is greater than 200 N, the crack propagation will occur in the rock sample. At this time, with the increase of static load, the crack propagation will further intensify, and the rock-breaking effect is more obvious. Under the same weight on bit (WOB), the penetration of rotary ultrasonic drilling can be increased by 13.93% ∼ 38.11% compared with conventional rotary drilling.
A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant and Anti-Infectious Properties of Senna Plants
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed M. , Quispe Cristina , Herrera-Bravo Jesús , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Tutuncu Sena , Aydar Elif Feyza , Topkaya Cansu , Mertdinc Zehra , Ozcelik Beraat , Aital Mahima , Kumar N. V. Anil , Lapava Natallia , Rajkovic Jovana , Ertani Andrea , Nicola Silvana , Semwal Prabhakar , Painuli Sakshi , González-Contreras Carlos , Martorell Miquel , Butnariu Monica , Bagiu Iulia Cristina , Bagiu Radu Vasile , Barbhai Mrunal D. , Kumar Manoj , Daştan Sevgi Durna , Calina Daniela , Cho William C.
Published: February 2022

The use of phytochemicals is gaining interest for the treatment of metabolic syndromes over the synthetic formulation of drugs. Senna is evolving as one of the important plants which have been vastly studied for its beneficial effects. Various parts of Senna species including the root, stem, leaves, and flower are found rich in numerous phytochemicals. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical experiments established that extracts from Senna plants have diverse beneficial effects by acting as a strong antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. In this review, Senna genus is comprehensively discussed in terms of its botanical characteristics, traditional use, geographic presence, and phytochemical profile. The bioactive compound richness contributes to the biological activity of Senna plant extracts. The review emphasizes on the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant and anti-infectious properties of the Senna plant. Preclinical studies confirmed the beneficial effects of the Senna plant extracts and its bioactive components in regard to the health-promoting activities. The safety, side effects, and therapeutic limitations of the Senna plant are also discussed in this review. Additional research is necessary to utilize the phenolic compounds towards its use as an alternative to pharmacological treatments and even as an ingredient in functional foods.
Attenuation of Line Spectra and Vibration Based on a Chaotification Method and Global Analysis
Authors: Zuo Zhao-Lun , Yu Xiang , Zhu Shi-Jian
Published: February 2022

The chaotification method can be used to weaken the line spectra component of the ship's radiated noise. The main obstacle that plagues the engineering realization of this innovative concept is how to realize the small-amplitude chaotic motion of the nonlinear vibration isolation system (NVIS) in a large parameter range and how to maintain the chaotic state under variable operating conditions. In this paper, the dimensionless dynamic equation of the NVIS with a flexible base is derived. A control method similar to generalized synchronization is used to realize the continuous chaos of the system. The maximum Lyapunov exponent, the conditional Lyapunov exponent, and disturbances are introduced to verify the effectiveness of the control method and its stability and robustness in a large range of parameters. Aiming at the coexistence of multiple attractors, a new global analysis method is proposed, which is used to study the distribution of basin of attraction (BA). According to the changes of BA before and after the system is controlled, the BA is partitioned. Initial conditions from different partitions are selected to study the attenuation effect of line spectra and vibration, and the favorable initial conditions for realizing the small-amplitude chaotic motion of the system are given. The method may be extended to the global analysis of other controlled systems.
Identification of Atrial Fibrillation-Related lncRNA Based on Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Xie Liangzhen , Huang GuanShen , Gao Mingjian , Huang Jianming , Li Hai , Xia Hao , Xiang Xiuting , Wu Saizhu , Ruan Yunjun
Published: February 2022

Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the world. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been found to play an important role in cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis. However, the role of lncRNA in AF has rarely been studied. The purpose of this study is to identify the expression profile of lncRNA in AF patients, explore the function of lncRNA in AF, and provide a potential scientific basis for the treatment of AF in the future. Methods. The lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles were obtained from the atrial appendage samples of GSE31821, GSE411774, GSE79768, and GSE115574 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functional analysis was performed via Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). The “CIBERSORT” R kit was used to analyze 22 immune cell infiltrates in AF and sinus rhythm (SR) patients. The “CORRPLOT” R package was used to analyze the immune correlation between lncRNA and immune cells. Results. A total of 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 45 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the AF and SR groups. GO, KEGG, and GSVA results showed that abnormally expressed lncRNAs were involved in signaling pathways related to the atrium, including the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that native B cells, follicular helper T cells, and resting dendritic cells may be involved in the AF process. In addition, LINC00844 was negatively correlated with resting dendritic cells. Conclusion. The expression profile of lncRNA in AF patients was different from that in normal controls. The physiological functions of these differentially expressed lncRNAs may be related to the pathogenesis of AF, which provide a scientific basis for the prognosis and treatment of patients with AF.
The PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody–Anticalin Fusion Protein PRS-344/S095012 Elicits Strong T-Cell Stimulation in a Tumor-Localized Manner
Authors: Peper-Gabriel Janet K. , Pavlidou Marina , Pattarini Lucia , Morales-Kastresana Aizea , Jaquin Thomas J. , Gallou Catherine , Hansbauer Eva-Maria , Richter Marleen , Lelievre Helene , Scholer-Dahirel Alix , Bossenmaier Birgit , Sancerne Celine , Riviere Matthieu , Grandclaudon Maximilien , Zettl Markus , Bel Aiba Rachida S. , Rothe Christine , Blanc Veronique , Olwill Shane A.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

While patients responding to checkpoint blockade often achieve remarkable clinical responses, there is still significant unmet need due to resistant or refractory tumors. A combination of checkpoint blockade with further T-cell stimulation mediated by 4-1BB agonism may increase response rates and durability of response. A bispecific molecule that blocks the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis and localizes 4-1BB costimulation to a PD-L1–positive (PD-L1+) tumor microenvironment (TME) or tumor draining lymph nodes could maximize antitumor immunity and increase the therapeutic window beyond what has been reported for anti–4-1BB mAbs.

Experimental Design:

We generated and characterized the PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific molecule PRS-344/S095012 for target binding and functional activity in multiple relevant in vitro assays. Transgenic mice expressing human 4-1BB were transplanted with human PD-L1–expressing murine MC38 cells to assess in vivo antitumoral activity.

Results:

PRS-344/S095012 bound to its targets with high affinity and efficiently blocked the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, and PRS-344/S095012-mediated 4-1BB costimulation was strictly PD-L1 dependent. We demonstrated a synergistic effect of both pathways on T-cell stimulation with the bispecific PRS-344/S095012 being more potent than the combination of mAbs. PRS-344/S095012 augmented CD4-positive (CD4+) and CD8-positive (CD8+) T-cell effector functions and enhanced antigen-specific T-cell stimulation. Finally, PRS-344/S095012 demonstrated strong antitumoral efficacy in an anti–PD-L1–resistant mouse model in which soluble 4-1BB was detected as an early marker for 4-1BB agonist activity.

Conclusions:

The PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific PRS-344/S095012 efficiently combines checkpoint blockade with a tumor-localized 4-1BB–mediated stimulation burst to antigen-specific T cells, more potent than the combination of mAbs, supporting the advancement of PRS-344/S095012 toward clinical development.

See related commentary by Shu et al., p. 3182
Immunotherapy for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Facts and Hopes
Authors: Shalhout Sophia Z. , Kaufman Howard L. , Emerick Kevin S. , Miller David M.
Published: February 2022

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in humans, representing a broad range of cutaneous tumors. Keratinocyte carcinomas, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), are the most common NMSCs. The incidence of BCC and CSCC is steadily increasing due to a progressively aging population, chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and increased awareness with earlier diagnosis. Rarer NMSCs, such as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and cutaneous adnexal carcinomas, are also on the rise. Although the majority of NMSC tumors are localized at diagnosis and managed effectively with curative surgery and radiation, in rare cases with nodal and distant metastases, systemic therapy is often required. As our understanding of the immunologic characteristics of NMSCs has improved, effective treatment options have expanded with the development of immunotherapy. The FDA recently approved several immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic MCC, CSCC, and BCC. We review the emerging role of immunotherapy as the standard of care for several advanced NMSCs not amenable to surgery and/or radiation and underscore the need for considering clinical trials of novel strategies in patients when immunotherapy does not provide durable benefit. Finally, we explore the potential of neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy.
Mendes da Rocha – Relação entre bibliografia recente e projeto da Fiesp
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Alves da , Guadanhim Sidnei Junior , Hirota Ercilia Hitomi
Published: February 2022

Este artigo relaciona as estratégias de projeto de estudos recentes em torno do processo de projeto de Paulo Mendes da Rocha, verificando sua pertinência em relação ao projeto de remodelação das áreas de acolhimento do edifício da Fiesp, realizado em colaboração com a equipe MMBB Arquitetos. Para isso, foram analisados o edifício construído e o discurso dos arquitetos Ângelo Bucci, Milton Braga, Marta Moreira e Mendes da Rocha e do engenheiro calculista Jorge Zaven Kurkdjian. O estudo aponta convergência entre informações apresentadas na bibliografia existente e neste caso, trazendo novas informações sobre as etapas do desenvolvimento do processo de projeto de Mendes da Rocha juntamente com os arquitetos colaboradores.
Ideias em circulação: Attilio Corrêa Lima, Armando Augusto de Godoy e as concepções urbanísticas de Goiânia
Authors: Guimarães Leonardo Dimitry Silva
Published: February 2022

Goiânia, fruto de uma pintura após o Golpe de 30, é compreendida por meio do discurso do progresso. Porém, como produto dessa lógica, espera-se que a cidade expresse aspectos semelhantes com os novos tempos. Para o projeto estão convidados nomes como Attilio Corrêa Lima e Armando Augusto de Godoy. Esses atores, no entanto, imprimem visões da moda no lago, o sino de empréstimos seletivos, traduções e transformações. Sob esse fio condutor, o trabalho visa compreender a gênese das decisões que condicionaram a morfologia do capital, através da perspectiva de formação e ação de seus promotores.
O Planejamento regional no centro-oeste brasileiro: ações da SUDECO e a região geoeconômica de Brasília
Authors: Freitag Patricia , Faria Rodrigo Santos de
Published: February 2022

Esse artigo investiga a política de desenvolvimento regional da SUDECO. Entender como as diferenciações regionais delineadas pelo sistema capitalista nacional foram abordadas pelo Estado e como essas distinções determinaram o modo de intervenção governamental sobre o território nacional. Com base nessa compreensão, avançaremos para uma leitura das características do Centro-Oeste e da forma como essa região foi inserida no modelo de desenvolvimento traçado a partir de 1964 e o papel da SUDECO nesse processo de reestruturação territorial regional. Por fim, buscaremos investigar os principais fatores motivadores da configuração espacial de Brasília enquanto aglomerado urbano nas duas primeiras décadas que sucederam a sua construção e suas vinculações com as medidas traçadas pelo Estado brasileiro para o Centro-Oeste.
Infraestruturas Rodoviárias e Lógicas Projetuais
Authors: Moraes Pedro Barreto de
Published: February 2022

Este artigo propõe uma leitura sobre a morfologia dos territórios ligados à Avenida Brasil, no Rio de Janeiro, baseada na busca por oportunidades de atuação para uma estruturação mais equilibrada da metrópole. Em primeiro lugar, expõem-se alguns dos parâmetros que orientaram a implementação da via e condicionaram sua conformação espacial, seguidos por uma descrição de sua inserção metropolitana. Por fim, promovem-se articulações entre infraestrutura e território, através de cinco categorias relacionais, apontando a reflexões sugeridas por seu entendimento. O objetivo central do trabalho é a elaboração de um vocabulário mais adequado à complexidade dos cenários compostos por grandes infraestruturas rodoviárias, de maneira a contribuir para o avanço sobre novos instrumentos de projeto e planejamento urbano.
Níveis e dimensões da renovação urbana da região da luz: da experiência da espoliação à luta de classes socioespacial
Authors: Petrella Guilherme Moreira
Published: February 2022

A Região da Luz, centro de São Paulo, é alvo de diversos planos de renovação urbana desde os anos 1970, que visam reverter o processo de degradação socioespacial. Dentre esses planos, os propostos no século XXI convergem por suas formas de atuação: reestruturação espacial no imbricamento imobiliário e infraestrutura realizado através de parcerias público privadas, que centralizam capitais produtivos (real), capitais improdutivos (fictício) e Estado (leis, financiamentos, políticas públicas e monopólio do uso da violência). Eles orientam para a constituição imediata do complexo imobiliário financeiro global. Porém, apesar das estratégias arquitetônicas e urbanísticas conceberem diferenciações formais relativas às diferenciações sociais, sua «verdade» é a viabilidade econômica. Neste sentido o «direito à moradia» aparece e se realiza como «direito à propriedade».
Arquitet@s negr@s e a história: Georgia Brown, São Paulo Metropolitana e seus fantasmas
Authors: Casemiro Juan , Lira José Tavares Correia de
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem como propósito discutir o silêncio da historiografia de arquitetura em torno da atuação de arquitetos e urbanistas negros ou mulheres no Brasil. Tomando como guia a trajetória da arquiteta negra estadunidense Georgia Louise Harris Brown, que se transferiu para o Brasil em 1953 e trabalhou em São Paulo ao longo da segunda metade do século XX, trata-se não somente de observar como sua atuação se cruza com sua condição de raça, gênero e nacionalidade, mas como o seu recrutamento por distintas empresas de engenharia e construção permitiu-lhe intervir de modo duplamente sutil no processo de metropolização: enquanto peça invisível de uma complexa engrenagem produtiva de conversão da grande São Paulo em um dos mais dinâmicos territórios industriais do país, e como modo de construir a cidade sem a referência especializada do planejamento urbano.
Operatividade, imaginário e ethos na teoria da arquitetura
Authors: Silveira Paolla Clayr de Arruda
Published: February 2022

Este ensaio tem o objetivo de propor um confronte de ideias rumo ao aspecto transdisciplinar da construção histórica e para a historiografia da arquitetura. Elaborado em quatro partes, pretende na primeira seção elencar elementos dialógicos da crítica operativa da historiografia a fim de levantar alguns fatores de importância para a discussão; na segunda seção são balanceados alguns estudos sobre o ser humano e seu imaginário radical, onde acontecem as conexões da psique e seu eu histórico-social, assim como sua lida enquanto ser historiador e produtor de uma obra; na seção três evidencia-se o ethos, termos para sua definição e como sua ocorrência implica na relação discursiva dos textos escritos; e na última seção ocorre a mesclagem dos assuntos em torno da necessidade transdisciplinar que o campo da arquitetura e do urbanismo apelam enquanto campo de pesquisa.
Arquiteturas Evanescentes, Persistentes
Authors: Dantas de Queiroz Marcus Vinicius
Published: February 2022

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