bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurements of nearshore ocean-surface kinematics through coherent arrays of free-drifting buoys
Authors: Rainville Edwin , Thomson Jim , Moulton Melissa , Derakhti Morteza
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Surface gravity wave breaking occurs along coastlines in complex spatial and temporal patterns that significantly impact erosion, scalar transport, and flooding. Numerical models are used to predict wave breaking and associated processes but many lack sufficient evaluation with observations. To fill the need for more nearshore wave measurements, we deployed coherent arrays of small-scale, free-drifting buoys named microSWIFTs. The microSWIFT is a small buoy equipped with a GPS module to measure the buoy's position, horizontal velocities, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) to directly measure the buoy's rotation rates, accelerations, and heading. Measurements were collected over a 27 d field experiment in October 2021 at the US Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility in Duck, NC. The microSWIFTs were deployed as a series of coherent arrays, meaning they all sampled simultaneously with a common time reference, leading to a rich spatial and temporal dataset during each deployment. Measurements spanned offshore significant wave heights ranging from 0.5 to 3 m and peak wave periods ranging from 5 to 15 s over the entire experiment. The completed dataset consists of 67 deployment files that contain 971 drift tracks that contain all associated data. We use an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) 9-degrees-of-freedom Kalman filter to rotate the measured accelerations from the reference frame of the buoy to the Earth reference frame. We then use the corrected accelerations to compute the vertical velocity and sea-surface elevation. We give example evaluations of wave spectral energy density estimates from individual microSWIFTs compared with a nearby acoustic wave and current (AWAC) sensor. A zero-crossing algorithm is applied to each buoy time series of sea-surface elevation to extract realizations of measured surface gravity waves, yielding 116 307 wave realizations throughout the experiment. We also compute significant wave height estimates from the aggregate wave realizations and compare these estimates with the nearby AWAC estimates. An example of spatial variability in cross-shore velocity and vertical acceleration is explored. Wave-breaking events, detected by high-intensity vertical acceleration peaks, are explored, and the cross-shore distribution of all breaking events detected in the experiment is shown. A total of 3419 wave-breaking events were detected across the entire experiment. These data are available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgk0 (Rainville et al., 2023) and will be used to investigate nearshore wave kinematics, transport of buoyant particles, and wave-breaking processes.
CLAAS-3: the third edition of the CM SAF cloud data record based on SEVIRI observations
Authors: Benas Nikos , Solodovnik Irina , Stengel Martin , Hüser Imke , Karlsson Karl-Göran , Håkansson Nina , Johansson Erik , Eliasson Salomon , Schröder Marc , Hollmann Rainer , Meirink Jan Fokke
Published: November 2023

Abstract. CLAAS-3, the third edition of the Cloud property dAtAset using SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager), was released in December 2022. It is based on observations from SEVIRI, on board geostationary satellites Meteosat-8, 9, 10 and 11, which are operated by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). CLAAS-3 was produced and released by the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF), which aims to provide high-quality satellite-based data records suitable for climate monitoring applications. Compared to previous CLAAS releases, CLAAS-3 is expanded in terms of both temporal extent and cloud properties included, and it is based on partly updated retrieval algorithms. The available data span the period from 2004 to present, covering Europe; Africa; the Atlantic Ocean; and parts of South America, the Middle East and the Indian Ocean. They include cloud fractional coverage, cloud-top height, phase (liquid or ice) and optical and microphysical properties (water path, optical thickness, effective radius and droplet number concentration), from instantaneous data (every 15 min) to monthly averages. In this study we present an extensive evaluation of CLAAS-3 cloud properties, based on independent reference data sets. These include satellite-based retrievals from active and passive sensors, ground-based observations and in situ measurements from flight campaigns. Overall results show very good agreement, with small biases attributable to different sensor characteristics, retrieval/sampling approaches and viewing/illumination conditions. These findings demonstrate the fitness of CLAAS-3 to support the intended applications, which include evaluation of climate models, cloud characterisation and process studies focusing especially on the diurnal cycle and cloud filtering for other applications. The CLAAS-3 data record is publicly available via the CM SAF website at https://doi.org/10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/CLAAS/V003 (Meirink et al., 2022).
A global zircon U–Th–Pb geochronological database
Authors: Wu Yujing , Fang Xianjun , Ji Jianqing
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Since the start of the 21st century, the widespread application of ion probes has promoted the mass output of high-precision and high-accuracy U–Th–Pb geochronological data. Zircon, as a commonly used mineral for U–Th–Pb dating, widely exists in the continental crust and records a variety of geological activities. Due to the universality and stability of zircon and the long half-lives of U and Th isotopes, zircon U–Th–Pb geochronology can provide nearly continuous records for almost the entirety of Earth's history and is thus essential to studying the growth and evolution of the continental crust and Earth system evolution. Here, we present a database of zircon U–Th–Pb geochronology that samples the global continental crust and spans nearly all of Earth's history. This database collects ∼2 000 000 geochronology records from ∼12 000 papers and dissertations. This paper describes the compiled raw data, presents the relationship between dating error and zircon age, compares the error levels of different dating instruments, and discusses the impact of sampling bias on data analysis as well as how to evaluate and minimize this impact. In addition, we provide an overview of the temporal and spatial distribution of global zircon ages and provide key insights into the potential research value of zircon ages for Earth system science, such as crustal evolution, plate tectonics, and paleoclimate changes, as well as commercial use in mining and energy exploration. Overall, this data collection provides us with a comprehensive platform with which to study zircon chronological data in deep time and space. The described zircon database is freely available via Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7387566 (Wu et al., 2023).
Generalized spatiotemporally-decoupled framework for reconstructing the source of non-constant atmospheric radionuclide releases
Authors: Xu Yuhan , Fang Sheng , Dong Xinwen , Zhuang Shuhan
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Determining the source location and release rate are critical in assessing the environmental consequences of atmospheric radionuclide releases, but remain challenging because of the huge multi-dimensional solution space. We propose a generalized spatiotemporally-decoupled two-step framework to reduce the dimension of the solution space in each step and improves the reconstruction accuracy, which is applicable to non-constant releases. The decoupling process is conducted by applying a temporal sliding-window average filter to the observations, thereby reducing the influence of temporal variations in the release rate and ensuring that the features of the filtered data are dominated by the source location. A machine learning model is trained to link these features to the source location, enabling independent source localization. Then the release rate is determined using projected alternating minimization with the L1-norm and total variation regularization algorithm. Validation using SCK-CEN 41Ar experimental data demonstrates that the localization error is less than 1 %, and the temporal variations, peak release rate, and total release are reconstructed accurately. The proposed method exhibits higher accuracy and a smaller uncertainty range than the correlation-based and Bayesian methods. Furthermore, it achieves stable performance with different hyperparameters and produces low error levels even with only a single observation site.
Legal considerations relevant to research on ocean alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Steenkamp Robert C. , Webb Romany
Published: November 2023

Abstract. This article examines the legal considerations relevant to ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) and provides some best-practice guidance for responsible (field) research on OAE. The article examines recent developments in international law in order to inform what may legally be required of researchers when planning and designing OAE research projects. To this end, the article acknowledges unavoidable differences in domestic legal systems but highlights the role of international law, especially as can be found in the London Convention and Protocol, in developing appropriate minimum rules and standards. The article notes that domestic legal systems may wish to account for such minimum international rules and standards when developing permitting conditions and laws for OAE research activities. Additionally, the article examines international agreements and customary international law that find general application to OAE research. This latter examination assists in the identification of areas where additional legal research may also be required. The article concludes by highlighting that it remains crucial for legal researchers to work with the scientific community and those from other disciplines to assist States in understanding the science–policy interface to develop a comprehensive legal framework for ocean-based carbon dioxide removal approaches. This will, in turn, guarantee that field research is carried out in a safe and responsible manner and in a manner that reduces the likelihood of adverse environmental and other consequences.
Social considerations and best practices to apply to engaging publics on ocean alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Satterfield Terre , Nawaz Sara , Boettcher Miranda
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) seeks to increase the alkalinity of seawater for carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Following numerous propositions to trial, test, or upscale OAE for CDR, multiple social considerations have begun to be identified. To ensure that OAE research is responsible (is attentive to societal priorities) and successful (does not prematurely engender widespread social rejection), it will be critical to understand how OAE might be perceived as risky or controversial and under what conditions it might be regarded by relevant social groups as most worthy of exploration. To facilitate the answering of these questions, this chapter does the following: (1) characterizes what is known to date about public perceptions of OAE, (2) provides methodological suggestions on how to conduct social science research and public engagement to accompany OAE field research, and (3) addresses how knowledge gained from social research and public engagement on OAE can be integrated into ongoing scientific, siting, and communications work.
General considerations for experimental research on ocean alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Dupont Sam , Metian Marc
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is proposed as an approach to capture carbon by adding alkaline substances to seawater to enhance the ocean's natural carbon sink. These substances include minerals, such as olivine, or artificial substances, such as lime or some industrial byproducts. Deployment of OAE will lead to complex and dynamic changes in the seawater carbonate chemistry, and in some cases the addition of other compounds and impurities from the minerals. While OAE alters the carbonate chemistry in a very different way, much can be learned from the abundant literature on ocean acidification documenting the impact of changes in the carbonate chemistry on marine life from genes to ecosystems. A vast majority of the experimental work was performed by manipulating the concentration of carbon dioxide in seawater under constant alkalinity (TA) to simulate near-future ocean acidification. Understanding the impact of changes in alkalinity on marine species and the ecosystem is less understood. In the context of OAE, it is critical to resolve such impacts, alone or in combination with other compounds and impurities from the minerals to be co-released during implementation, to ensure that any field manipulation does not translate into damaging biological effects. As for other environmental drivers, this will require an understanding across all the levels of biological organizations from species to ecosystems over relevant time exposure considering the method of deployment (e.g., dilution, repeated exposure) and factors such as local adaptation. Such complex questions cannot be resolved using a single approach, and a combination of monitoring, modeling, laboratory, natural (i.e., proxies or analogs), and field experiments will be required. This chapter summarizes some key general considerations for experimental design. It also compares strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches. We will also consider best practices relevant to OAE such as the need to properly monitor and consider the addition of trace elements and byproducts, as well as potential interactions with other naturally occurring drivers.
Natural analogs to ocean alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Subhas Adam V. , Lehmann Nadine , Rickaby Rosalind E. M.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) research can be supplemented by studying the natural alkalinity cycle. In this chapter, we introduce the concept of natural analogs to ocean alkalinity enhancement. We describe Earth system processes relevant to OAE deployment and its measurement, reporting, and verification. We then describe some suitable natural analog locations that could serve as study sites to understand how these processes may interact with OAE. Approaches to examining the geological record are also considered. Practical considerations for establishing a natural analog study are discussed, including geochemical mass balance, choosing a site, establishing a control, choosing a measurement suite and platform, and coordinating with ocean models. We identify rivers and their plumes, glacial fjords, whiting events, and basinal seas with elevated alkalinity as promising candidates for initial natural analog studies. This chapter is not meant to be prescriptive but instead is written to inspire researchers to creatively explore the power of natural analogs to advance our understanding of OAE. Key recommendations include considering appropriate spatial and temporal scales of the study and associated measurement criteria and designing the study with applicable outcomes to OAE research, including implications for deployment and/or monitoring.
Tracing the contextual factors that shape the use of workplace wearables
Authors:   , Girle Diana
Published: November 2023

This thesis investigates the contextual factors that shape the management of wearable devices used to monitor work-related activity. Relevant contextual factors include: the socio-political and legislative imperatives impacting employer decision-making; the use of cloud-based infrastructures, and evolving digital business models. The thesis employed a narrative and visualisation tracing methodology to explore the dynamic interrelationship of contextual factors across three case studies: a smart cap used in mining sites and Fitbits in two corporate settings. The thesis concluded that different workplace wearable uses were influenced by contextual factor application that interacted and changed over time.
Structural damage identification under mass variation using modal kinetic energy
Authors:   , Thattasserry Joseph Jomon
Published: November 2023

Civil structures are susceptible to deterioration due to environmental and man-made factors. Early intervention is essential to keep them in healthy condition. Early intervention is possible only if damage information, especially the extent of damage can be identified promptly and accurately. Researchers have developed various damage identification methods in recent decades, but practical challenges have discouraged their application to real structures. One of these challenges is the influence of mass changes at two different states on modal measurements. This thesis reports the successful development of Modal Kinetic Energy (MKE)-based damage identification methods for structures subjected to stiffness and mass changes.
Advancing process analytics for agri-food supply chains
Authors:   , Keates Owen
Published: November 2023

This thesis examined how emerging process centric technologies can assist in solving complex agri-food supply chain challenges. A process for configuring and applying process aware digital twins for monitoring and managing productivity, risk and sustainability was developed. The frameworks and supporting IT Artifacts, developed through an Action Design Research Methodology, were evaluated on an integrated cattle supply chain as well as a banana farm and its supply chain and found to produce actionable insights.
Bipolar isoindoline nitroxide for nonaqueous symmetrical redox flow battery
Authors:   , Loomans Benjamin
Published: November 2023

This project aimed to develop new materials for grid-scale energy storage by designing organic molecules with the ability to both accept and donate electrons. Significant progress was made via this approach in overcoming key limitations related to crossover in flow batteries, a process which can severely impact the capacity of these energy storage systems.
Arte interpasivo. La interactividad como medio interpasivo en la recepción del arte
Authors: Ruiz Martín José Manuel
Published: November 2023

La interpasividad es la estructura inversa de la interactividad y ha sido analizada como comportamiento cultural por los filósofos Robert Pfaller y Slavoj Zizek. La interpasividad es pasividad delegada, se es pasivo por medio del otro mientras se hace algo de forma activa, lo que permite esquivar la identificación y la subjetivación. ¿Podríamos hablar de arte interpasivo? ¿Qué vínculos establecería con el arte interactivo? ¿Cuáles serían sus características y condiciones? Se plantea una traslación del concepto de interpasividad desde el campo de la filosofía hacia el espacio de la recepción del arte, aporte original de esta investigación. Se ha empleado una metodología basada en la literatura comparada, aplicando la exégesis (interactividad-interpasividad) y la eiségesis (arte interpasivo) como métodos. Se concluye que todo arte es interactivo y que la interactividad como falsa actividad en la obra de arte ejerce como acto ritual sustitutivo para el espectador. La paradoja fundamental reside en que la interactividad, al diluir la distancia y el disenso en la recepción del arte, se convierte en un medio interpasivo que dificulta los procesos de subjetivación propios de la experiencia estética. La interactividad permite un arte interpasivo. Lo que hoy se denomina arte interactivo es verdaderamente un arte interpasivo.
Composition of medium and large-sized mammals in two protected areas of the Atlantic Forest in the central western mesoregion of Paraná state, Brazil
Authors: Pereira Alan Deivid , Bazilio Sergio
Published: November 2023

There is a significant lack of information on the diversity of medium- and large-sized mammal species in heavily anthropologically altered regions, such as the Atlantic Forest of Southern Brazil. Biodiversity inventories play a crucial role in developing conservation and mitigation strategies at the local and regional scales. In this study, we conducted the first assessment of medium- and large-sized mammal species in two protected areas of the Atlantic Forest in the Central Western Mesoregion of Paraná State, Brazil. Sampling took place between September 2021 and September 2022 in Estação Ecológica Municipal de Roncador (EEMR) and Parque Municipal Miguel Pereira (PMMP) in Roncador City, PR. Using 180 h of active research and 64,800 h of camera trapping, we identified 27 species from 15 families and seven orders, with 40% of the recorded mammal species being endangered at the state, national, or international level. We also found two exotic and one domestic species in the protected areas. Our results improve our understanding of the southern Brazilian fauna, highlighting the importance of the protected areas EEMR and PMMP as refuges for medium- and large-sized mammals in the Central Eastern-Western Mesoregion of Paraná State.
Bractwo św. Zofii przy kościele św. Marka w Krakowie (XV-XVIII w.)
Authors: Trajdos Tadeusz M.
Published: November 2023

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Krucyfiks gotycki w ołtarzu głównym kościoła św. Marka w Krakowie
Authors: Olszewski Andrzej M.
Published: November 2023

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Corpus Inscriptionum Poloniae t. VIII: Województwo krakowskie, pod red. Zbigniewa Perzanowskiego, z. 6: Kazimierz i Stradom; Perzanowski Zbigniew, Indroduction (s. 7-16)
Authors: Wohlfeld Zbigniew
Published: November 2023

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Rekomendacje Zygmunta III Wazy w sprawie kardynalatu Giovanniego Battisty Lancellottiego nuncjusza apostolskiego w Polsce (1622-1627)
Authors: Fitych Tadeusz
Published: November 2023

Przedmiotem długotrwałych starań Zygmunta III Wazy na polu promocji kościelnych był również Giovanni Battista Lancellotti. Wywodził się on z rzymskiego patrycjatu, a po studiach prawniczych w Perugii rozpoczął karierę w urzędach Kurii Rzymskiej. Z czasem zaczął pełnić misję dyplomatyczną nuncjusza apostolskiego na dworze Zygmunta III Wazy w Warszawie Już na początku swej pięcioletniej służby jako nuncjusz w Warszawie kilkakrotnie otrzymał na piśmie wyrazy podziękowania i uznania za staranne pełnienie swej misji nie tylko ze strony kardynała sekretarza Stanu Francesco Barberiniego, ale również króla Zygmunta III, który swoją opinię przedłożył kardynałowi protektorowi Polski w Watykanie. To właśnie w Polsce otworzyła się przed Lancellottim możliwość dalszej promocji w postaci godności kardynała. Problem nieskutecznej kardynalskiej promocji nuncjusza Giovanniego Battisty Lancellottiego ze strony króla Zygmunta III Wazy pozostawał dotąd nie zbadany.
Forma architektoniczna i wytwórcy kapliczek przydrożnych na polskim Podkarpaciu
Authors: Janicka-Krzywda Urszula
Published: November 2023

Kapliczki i krzyże przydrożne, a zwłaszcza ich forma i zdobienia, były jednymi z pierwszych obiektów, które zwróciły uwagę zarówno amatorów, jak i zawodowych badaczy kultury ludowej. Przydrożne kaplice przybierają najróżniejsze kształty i formy, od mniej lub bardziej dokładnych imitacji istniejących kościołów i ich wyraźnych cech stylistycznych po fantazje architektoniczne oparte na przedziwnych rekombinacjach wysokich stylów i konwencji. Pod względem formy architektonicznej wszystkie kaplice przydrożne można podzielić na sześć podstawowych kategorii: kaplice, kaplice skrzyniowe, kaplice filarowe, kaplice postumentowe, kaplice latarniowe i kaplice niszowe.
Ksiądz Wincenty Smoczyński - przewodnik pielgrzymów do Rzymu w latach 1888-1900
Authors: Szczurowski Rafał
Published: November 2023

W drugiej połowie XIX wieku nastąpił wyraźny wzrost liczby polskich pielgrzymów przybywających do Rzymu. Trend ten osiągnął swój szczyt za pontyfikatu Leona XIII. Ksiądz Wincenty Smoczyński był jednym z pierwszych stałych organizatorów i przewodników pielgrzymek do Wiecznego Miasta. Urodzony 7 listopada 1842 r. w Biórkowie w Królestwie Kongresowym, wstąpił do katolickiego seminarium duchownego w Kielcach. W 1861 przeniósł się do Akademii Duchownej w Warszawie. Kiedy jego zaangażowanie w podziemny ruch niepodległościowy zwróciło na siebie uwagę policji, wyjechał z Polski do Rzymu, gdzie ukończył studia i przyjął święcenia kapłańskie. W 1869 przybył do Galicji. Trzy lata później po przekroczeniu granicy z Królestwem Polskim pod zaborem rosyjskim został aresztowany i zesłany na Cytadelę Warszawską. Został oskarżony o pomaganie polskim biskupom w nielegalnej korespondencji z Watykanem, osądzony i skazany na trzy lata zesłania na Syberię. W 1879 r. powrócił do Krakowa i pełnił posługę proboszcza pomocniczego w parafii św. Piotra i Pawła, po czym został mianowany proboszczem parafii Tenczynek. W 1888 roku poprowadził swoją pierwszą grupę pielgrzymów do Rzymu. Kolejne pielgrzymki odbyły się w latach 1891, 1893, 1894, 1895 i 1900. Daty pokrywały się z jubileuszami Leona XIII i włoskimi obchodami najważniejszych rocznic religijnych. Celem wyjazdów było ugruntowanie wiary pielgrzymów i lepsze zrozumienie kultury chrześcijańskiej. Ponadto obecność grup polskich w Rzymie była wyraźnym znakiem poparcia dla oblężonej Stolicy Apostolskiej i przypomniała światu o cierpieniach narodu polskiego. Ksiądz Smoczyński włożył wiele wysiłku w przygotowanie i sprawny przebieg każdej pielgrzymki. Bazując na wcześniejszych doświadczeniach, opracował własne metody radzenia sobie ze wszystkimi problemami, które nękały wówczas grupę podróżników. Aby zmaksymalizować korzyści duchowe i intelektualne pielgrzymów, którzy podróżowali z nim do Rzymu, napisał dwie książki podróżnicze. Pierwsza to zapis jego pierwszej pielgrzymki do Rzymu; druga, mająca formę właściwego przewodnika, zawiera informacje o starożytności Rzymu. Tablica w kościele parafialnym w Tenczynku, w którym przez ponad 20 lat pracował ks. Smoczyński, upamiętnia jego wielkie osiągnięcie, jakim było zapoczątkowanie współczesnych pielgrzymek do Rzymu.
PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE THROUGH HYDROLYSIS AND FERMENTATION: THE EFFECT OF FE2+ AND CA2+ IONS ADDITION ON BIOETHANOL CONCENTRATION
Authors: Hargono Hargono , Rini Messy Martha , Muarifatussholekhah Muarifatussholekhah , Handayani Noer Abyor , Prasetyaningrum Aji
Published: November 2023

Fossil energy sources are one of the driving factors in the economic development and prosperity of the nation. The availability of fossil energy sources is currently shrinking and is expected to run out quickly, so an alternative is needed to replace it. Sugarcane bagasse is a lignocellulosic biomass which can be utilized for bioethanol production as an alternative energy source. Lignocellulosic hydrolysis with the addition of H2SO4 catalyst was carried out to obtain glucose. The addition of Fe2+ and Ca2+ ions was performed to increase the glucose concentration. Commonly, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to convert glucose into bioethanol using fermentation process. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Fe2+ and Ca2+ ions on reducing sugar concentration, and the concentration of distillate bioethanol. The effect of yeast type on the concentration of bioethanol was also discussed in this paper. The result shows that the addition of Fe2+ and Ca2+ ions in the hydrolysis process can increase the concentration of glucose produced. This is because the higher concentration of cellulose, the more substrate is converted into reducing sugars. The use of Fe2+ and Ca2+ ions in the fermentation process will increase ethanol concentration compares with fermentation without metal ions. This is because Ca2+ ions have an important role in the flocculation process of bioethanol fermentation and Fe2+ ions are important nutrients for eukaryotes, which play a role in cell oxidationreduction reactions. The type of yeast that can produce higher concentrations of ethanol is tapai yeast. This is because tapai’s yeast has three supporting ingredients for the fermentation process, whereas baker’s yeast only contains two microorganisms.
RANCANG BANGUN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA SEBAGAI ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI DAERAH PEGUNUNGAN BELIK, PEMALANG, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Wibowo Kusnanto Mukti , Royan Royan , Mulyanto Arif , Fatiatun Fatiatun
Published: November 2023

Energi merupakan kebutuhan dasar yang paling vital saat ini, setelah makanan. Kebutuhan energi yang terus meningkat tidak diimbangi dengan produksi energi. Energi dari sumber terbarukan memberikan solusi untuk mengatasi krisis energi yang ada. Indonesia memiliki sumber energi terbarukan yang menjanjikan. Namun, sampai saat ini pemanfaatan dan pangsanya masih sangat kecil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan sumber energi terbarukan yang tersedia melimpah menjadi pembangkit listrik alternatif sederhana di Belik, Pemalang. Pembangkit listrik tenaga surya telah berhasil dibangun di daerah Belik, Pemalang dengan memanfaatkan tiga panel surya 100 Wp. Daya yang dihasilkan panel surya tersebut cukup untuk menyuplai energi listrik sebesar 400 W selama 2 jam 42 menit. Waktu pengisian hingga daya penuh juga tergolong cepat, yakni kurang dari 2 jam. Meski saat ini kapasitas penyimpanan daya masih kecil, karena hanya menggunakan baterai 12 V 72 Ah, namun kapasitas daya pembangkit masih bisa ditingkatkan dengan menambah jumlah baterai. Hal ini tentunya akan berdampak pada peningkatan durasi dan kapasitas daya yang dapat digunakan. Keberadaan pembangkit listrik energi terbarukan di daerah Belik diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi nyata bagi warga sekitar baik dari segi keberlanjutan sosial maupun ekonomi.
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN ALAT REBUS ECOPRINT 2 (APEc_2) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIFITAS PADA IKM “CITRA COLLECTION” KOTA TEGAL
Authors: Hidayat Tofik , Zuffah Zuffah , Siswiyanti Siswiyanti
Published: November 2023

Penelitiaan ini merupakan pengembangan penelitian sebelumnya dengan alat perebusan ecoprint (APEc_1). Alat ini sudah digunakan perusahaan untuk proses produksi ecoprint. Perkembangan permintaan produk berupa sepatu, tas dan dompet berbahan kulit ecoprint mengalami peningkatan yang cukup baik. Kondisi ini terkadang tidak diikuti dengan ketersedian bahan baku kulit yang telah diecoprint. Tujuan dari penelitiaan ini adalah mengembangkan desain alat yang dapat meningkatkan produksi dan dapat digunakan untuk proses perebusan bahan kain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimen dengan pendekatan rasional kreatif. Metode ini cukup sederhana namun memberikan hasil yang optimal untuk kasus yang masih sederhana dan tidak banyak varibel pembentuk produk. Dimensi alat perebusan ecoprint 2 (APEc_2) didesain menggunakan dimensi kompor dua tungku untuk ukuran panjang dan lebar. Sedangkan untuk tinggi alat menggunakan dimensi antrometri umum, dimensi alat masih sama dengan APEc_1. Dengan metode rasional kreatif peneliti memperhatikan dimensi lingkar “lontong” pada APEc_1. Data yang diperoleh bahwa masih ada ruang cukup luas untuk dapat dimanfaatkan dengan menambah jumlah roll dari dua buah menjadi lima buah. Penambahan roll merubah bentuk tutup yang awalnya miring menjadi lurus untuk bisa menambah roll “lontong”. Hasil dari peneltian ini adalah alat perebusan APEc_2 dengan jumlah roll lima buah. Alat ini dapat diputar serempak menggunakan satu buah engkol pada salah satu roll yang terhubung dengan rantai penghubung roll lain. Roll terbuat dari pipa Stainless steel dengan demikian APEc_2 dapat digunakan untuk proses perebusan bahan baku kulit dan kain, serta perebusan dapat dilakukan secara bersama sama membutuhkan durasi waktu 2,5–3 jam dengan suhu diatas 70 derajat. Produktivitas  250 % lebih banyak dari APEc_1karena dari 2 roll “lontong” menjadi 5 roll. Hal tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa APEc_2 ini merupakan alat perebusan ecoprint yang multi fungsi.
Role of Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide and Bevacizumab in Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase and Inhibitor in Rabbit Penetrating Injury Model
Authors: Dewi Maharani Citra , Nurwasis Nurwasis , Lutfi Delfitri , Finanda Clarisa , Abiyoga Kautsar , Komaratih Evelyn , Primitasari Yulia , Sasono Wimbo , Legowo Djoko
Published: November 2023

Aims: To assess the effects of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide and bevacizumab on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and its inhibitor TIMP-1 in an experimental rabbit model of penetrating injury. Settings and Design: An accurate experimental study of five left eyes as negative control and 27 eyes with penetrating injury with or without treatment from 27 rabbits. Methods and Material: A total of 30 New Zealand rabbits were recruited, and penetrating injury was performed in the superotemporal quadrant of the right eye by making incisions 5 mm horizontally and 6 mm behind the limbus. The rabbits were split into five groups: OGI, intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide, and bevacizumab, with varying injection timings (n = 6 per group). All eyes were inspected and analyzed by assessing the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-1. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was performed using the Prism GraphPad 9. Statistical calculations were made by ANOVA test. All descriptive data are presented as mean+standard deviation. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results: The expression of MMP-2 in the treatment group was considerably lower than in control penetrating injury group (8,36±1,699, p<0,0001), conversely TIMP-1 expression was higher in the treatment group (4,72±1,026, P 0,0593). Fibrosis was assessed with HE staining and primarily detected in positive control groups. Conclusions: TA and bevacizumab treatments after penetrating injury effectively inhibited the elevation of MMP-2 and decreased the expression of TIMP-1 in the retina and wound site tissue, respectively. It reduces the possibility of acquiring posttraumatic PVR.
Molecular Docking Studies of substituted 3-methyl-4-oxo-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives
Authors: M. R. Holam , M. Komala
Published: November 2023

A molecular docking study is advance technique of structure based drug discovery and help to develop more heterocyle with promising pharmacological activity. In the present study molecular docking analysis was carried out for the various pyrimidine fused heterocycle derivatives (6a-y and 7a-r)which are planned, using the C-Docker protocol. Roscovitine-complexed X-ray crystallographic enzyme (CDK2) substrate.The result of molecular docking studies showed that 6r, 6l and 6p compounds showed higher docking scores compared to those in the series. Compound 6rexhibited one H-bonding interaction between the nitrogen of Cyanide group of pyrimidine at 5th position with LYS89 (1.80 Å) and four Pi-Alkyl bond with LEU134, ILE10, VAL18 and ALA144 (4.47, 4.46, 5.29, 5.04 Å respectively) one carbon-hydrogen bond with LEU83 (2.73 Å), one Pi-Donor Hydrogen Bond interaction with GLU12 (3.18 Å) and one Pi-Anion interaction with Asp145 (4.00 Å).All synthesized derivatives (6a-y and 7a-r) will be confirmed by the TLC, IR, NMR and MASS spectroscopy. Molecular docking studies give idea regarding the interaction of synthesized compound with protein of interest. The series of 6a-y and 7a-r will be synthesized, confirmed and tested for the in-vitro anticancer activity using human cancer cell line using MTT assay.
Perceptions of pregnant women on COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine associated risks
Authors: Meer Sara , Thomas Dixon , Sebastian Juny , Gopakumar Aji , McKeirnan Kimberly
Published: November 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 impacted the health and life of many people affecting certain special populations more than others. The main objective of this study was to analyze the perception of pregnant women in the UAE on COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, harassment, discrimination, and health risks. Materials & Methods: The study design was exploratory cross-sectional research. A Google Form survey was created and circulated to pregnant or recently pregnant women in the United Arab Emirates. The survey elements were harassment, discrimination, and health risks perceived by pregnant women related to their pregnancy and COVID-19 infection. Alpha value was set at 0.05. SPSS version 26 (Armonk, NY) was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 117 pregnant women completed the survey. Among the 117, 63% of the pregnant women were fully vaccinated with at least two doses of COVID-19 vaccination. Less of the fully vaccinated pregnant women contracted COVID-19 while being pregnant (p-value <0.05). Pregnant women who contracted COVID-19 had a statistically significant increase (p-value <0.05)in their perceived harassment, discrimination and risk to health/welfare. More of these negative factors were on the fully vaccinated but still contracted with COVID-19 group and least with fully vaccinated who did not contract COVID-19 when they were pregnant. Conclusions: Perceptions of pregnant women on COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines showed concerns that needs to be studied further. Perceived health issues related to the infection and vaccine need multifaceted interventions.
Component Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Dracocephalum nutans L. Essential Oil
Authors: Atazhanova Gayane , Sabiyeva Assel , Akhmetova Saule , Smagulov Marlen , Medeshova Aigul , Sarsembayeva Sholpan , Sarsembayeva Aiman , Aldabayeva Ulpan , Kurmantayeva Gulnissa
Published: November 2023

Currently, the arsenal of the pharmaceutical market has significantly expanded with highly effective drugs of plant origin. More than 1000 essential-oil-bearing plants grow in the flora of Kazakhstan. Of great interest are some species from the families Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, which have not been studied at all before, or for which there is only brief information about the chemical composition and biological properties. In this respect, the Lamiaceae L. family, which is one of the leading in the flora of Kazakhstan, is of interest. So, on the territory of the republic in this family, there are 233 species, united in 45 genera. Among them, the most famous are plants of the genus Dracocephalum, which are a rich and very common source of essential oils. The aim of the study was to investigate volatile compounds from the aerial parts of Dracocephalum nutans L. of the genus Dracocephalum of the family Lamiaceae grown wild in Central Kazakhstan. D. nutans – perennial with a beautiful purple flower. Materials and methods. The aim of the study was to study volatile compounds from the aerial parts of Dracocephalum nutans L. of the genus Dracocephalum, Lamiaceae family grown wild in Central Kazakhstan. The oils were obtained using Clevenger apparatus, their composition was evaluated by means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antibacterial activity of D.nutans essential oil sample was assessed by the diameter of the growth inhibition zones of the test strains (mm). Results and Discussion. The main natural components of D.nutans essential oil were 1.8-cineol (34%), α-pinene (6.7%), β-pinene (5.2%), β-mircene (5.3%), α-thujone (8.0%) and β-thujone (5.3%). The results obtained showed differences in the composition of essential oils obtained from already studied D. nutans. 1.8-cineol was also found in D. nutans as one of the major component. Conclusion. As a result of a study on antimicrobial activity, it was established for the first time that a sample of D. nutans essential oil exhibited pronounced antimicrobial activity against strains of gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and weak antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Simple Method Laryngoscope on Rat Intubation
Authors: Surya Airlangga Prananda , Margarita Rehatta Nancy , Soetjipto Soetjipto , Rahardjo Eddy , Widjiati Widjiati , Wiguna Yopie
Published: November 2023

Background: In research using rats as experimental animalsthat involve surgery and anesthetic procedures, it is often necessary to administer inhalation anesthetics and patency of the airway. In this condition, intubation in rats is required. Endotracheal intubation in rats is quite difficult because the size and structure of the airway is very small and smooth and there is no specific instrument designed for intubation in rats. Methods: The experimental animal used in this study was adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-350grams. The intubation equipment used is a commercially available otoscopy which has a light source and a camera that can be displayed on a mobile phone screen. The end of the otoscopy is a modified blunt-tipped plastic blade. The endotracheal tube that is used was a intravenous catheter size 16 G which was directed using an introducer made of blunt-tipped wire. The rat is positioned on its back dorsally with its head upward. Results: In this study, 32 rats were intubated. Fourteen of the 32 intubated rats were alive, awakened from anesthesia and extubation. There were no complications such as stridor or voice disturbances after this intubation procedure. The other eighteen rats were not extubated alive because this was part of the treatment in another study. Of the 32 rats that were subjected to intubation, 2 rats failed to intubate due to spasm and bradycardia. Conclusion: Methods that were given in this paper can be alternatives for rat intubation.
Study the Genetic Expression of Activin A and Fibrillin-3 in PCOS and Non-PCOS women
Authors: N Jasim Sarah , Abou-El-Naga Amoura M. , Al-Dujaily Saad S , Badawy Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent and complex endocrine condition that affects 5 to 20% of reproductive-age women and is a leading cause of hirsutism and infertility. Selected 28 women were intentionally divided, according to the cause of infertility, into 14 infertile women with the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and 14 non-polycystic ovarian syndromes (Male factor) used as a control group. For each patient, measurement of the fold of expression of Activin A, and Fibrillin-3 hormones, in blood was done on: On the day of the ovum collection and after 14 days of the embryo transfer (ET). The fold of activin an expression in pregnant groups was high compared to the Non-pregnant group for both PCOS and Non-PCOS women on the day of ova pick up while the fold of gene expression in the pregnant group was slightly more compared with the non-pregnant group for non-PCOS women, where the fold of gene expression in pregnant women decreased by compared with non –pregnant for PCOS women. The fold of fibrillin-3 expression in pregnant groups was high compared to the Non-pregnant group for both PCOS and Non-PCOS women, where the fold of gene expression was (0.86,0.84 ) for Non- PCOS, PCOS women respectively, which refers to an increase in FBN-3expression in the pregnant group compared to gene expression in Non-pregnant group.
Knowledge and Awareness of the Therapeutic Benefits and Precautions of Natural Honey Consumption among students
Authors: Al-Ghazali Mohammad A. , AbuKhader Majed , A. Attia Ramy , Al-Tahan Malak A. , S. Aqrawi Mohammed
Published: November 2023

Scientists encourage using honey as an alternative therapy for some infectious disease due to the development of bacterial resistance against antibiotics and decreased some of their effectiveness in clinical practice. Different types of honey have different actions and activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of the therapeutic benefits and precautions of using natural honey among medical sciences students. This is a cross-sectional study that used through a survey questioner which was created using Google form tool and was distributed to undergraduate medicine (MD) and pharmacy students (B. Pharm) in Muscat, Oman. The results of this study found that Omani honey was mostly preferred by 53.4% of the participants. Although honey rich in health benefits it was concluded that 58.2% of participants never advised by a doctor to use honey for a certain medical condition. It was found that 71.9% not aware about anti-inflammatory effects of honey to reduce eye inflammation. While more than 70% know about efficiently of cosmetics uses of honey. Moreover, almost half of the participants (49%) seem to be unaware of the suitable age to start taking honey which may be fatal to infants. Therefore, parents should be warned not to give honey to their new-born to prevent them from the botulism toxicity. The awareness about the benefits of honey is accepted in some consideration while insufficient in the awareness precautions of using honey with children under the age of 12 months which may be fatal.
Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System: A Potential Solution to the Challenges of Oral Delivery of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs
Authors: S. Buddhadev Sheetal , C. Garala Kevinkumar
Published: November 2023

Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) are the most promising technique to formulate the poorly water soluble drugs. Nanotechnology strongly influences the therapeutic performance of hydrophobic drugs and has become an essential approach in drug delivery research. Self-Nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) are a vital strategy that combines benefits of LBDDS and nanotechnology. SNEDDS are now preferred to improve the formulation of drugs with poor aqueous solubility. SNEDDS are isotropic mixtures composed of oils, surfactants, and occasionally cosolvents. The ability of these formulations and methods to produce nanoemulsions or fine oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions after moderate stirring and dilution by water phase along the GI tract. SNEDDS has garnered attention during recent years as it improves oral bioavailability, reduces drug dose, and increases drug protection from unsuitable environment in the gastrointestinal tract. It can solve the problems related to the dissolution and bioavailability of the Biopharmaceutics Classifcation System Class II and IV drugs. This review shortly describes the ambiguity between nanoemulsions and microemulsions, mechanism of self-emulsifications, composition and function of various excipients of SNEDDS. This review discusses characterization of SNEDDS, advantage of SNEEDS over other emulsion, biopharmaceutical aspects, and limitation as well as future views. The SNEDDS is a potential formulation for drug delivery. Owing to its small particle size, large surface area, high encapsulation efficiency, and high drug loading, the SNEDDS can improve the rate and extent of oral absorption by maximizing drug solubility in the intestinal absorption site. Moreover, because of the lipid-based formulation of SNEDDS, it can stimulate and enhance lymphatic transport of drugs to avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism, and thus improve their bioavailability.
Strategy to Increase the Effectiveness of Capacity Building Programs for Village-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Astuti Sri Juni Woro , Sulistyowati Arini , Fauzuddin Yanuar
Published: November 2023

Various facts indicate that the capacity building program for Village Owned Enterprises (BUM Desa) is not yet optimal. The existence of BUM Desa which is spread in almost all villages in Indonesia, it turns out that only about 10% are active. Even though the Indonesian Government really hopes that the existence of Bum Desa will be able to accelerate the economic recovery of village communities after the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore this study aims to find alternative strategies for more effective capacity building programs. The research method used is qualitative. This study took samples from three villages in East Java. Data collection through in-depth interviews, observation, FGD and documentation. The results of the study show that the three BUM Desa have not implemented modern and professional management. This indicates that the capacity building program that has been implemented has not been running effectively, so it is necessary to look for alternative strategies that can increase the effectiveness of the capacity building program. The results of the study identified village local wisdom values that could be synergized in the management of BUM Desa and received support from all stakeholders, especially the community. Finally, this research recommends that the implementation of capacity building programs for village governments be synergized with local wisdom values.