bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) in childhood: surgical treatment by maintaining the tooth germs
Authors: Rafael Correia Cavalcante  , Paola Fernanda Cotait de Lucas Corso  , Tuany Rayra Pinto Lisboa Dias  , Eduarda Schramm2  , Paulo Henrique Couto de Souza  , Nelson Luis Barbosa Rebellato  , Delson João da Costa  , Rafaela Scariot
Published: September 2021

Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) is a nonneoplastic benign process, of unknown etiology, more common in children and young adults. When aggressive, the lesion may result in considerable bone destruction and deformation. Oral and Maxillofacial surgery strongly depends on the nature of injury and it may vary from more conservative to more aggressive approach. Case report: The aim of the present study is to report and analyze, a giant cell central lesion in a 7-year-old patient on the right side of mandible body treated by surgical enucleation, curettage, and maintenance of the tooth germs. Discussion: In less aggressive lesions, curettage followed by radiographic monitoring is the most widely suggested treatment choice. However, the “gold standard” for aggressive and deforming lesions would be en-bloc resection with a safety margin. Most revisions show recurrence rates of 15 to 20%, thus clinical monitoring is necessary at least one year after the intervention. Conclusion: After 12 months, panoramic radiograph and computed tomography indicated new bone formation and no recurrence. In addition, good healing of soft tissues and correct eruption of the teeth #42, #43 and #44 were observed.
Periodontal plastic surgery for treatment of gummy smile with cosmetic restauration treatment
Authors: Keith Jimmy Gonçalves  , Gabrielle Gobbo Agnoletto  , Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha  , Carmen Mueller Storrer  , Tatiana Miranda Deliberador
Published: September 2021

Today, the appreciation of aesthetic dentistry by society brought to the search for materials and techniques that improve the appearance of smile, which is essential in maintaining physical and mental health of the patient. Objective: This study aimed to report a case of gummy smile involving Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. Case report: This case, despite other possible alternatives, was solved through periodontal surgery (clinical crown augmentation associated with osteotomy) and indirect restorations with porcelain crowns. Conclusion: In our experience this procedure is safe, predictable, with minimal risks or side effects, and it is a treatment option for these cases.
Jaw osteonecrosis after dental implants associated with oral bisphosphonates – case report of resection of mandible
Authors: Paola Fernanda Cotait de Lucas Corso  , Sara Regina Todero  , Aline Monise Sebastiani  , Leandro Eduardo Kluppel  , Nelson Luis Barbosa Rebellato  , Delson João da Costa  , Rafaela Scariot
Published: September 2021

Osteonecrosis of the jaw is associated with defects in vascularization and with the use of oral bisphosphonates. Osseous exposition and infection may occur. Recommended treatment is variable, from antibiotic medication, bony decortication to resections of the mandible in severe cases. Reconstruction of mandible, in cases of resections is essential for maintaining esthetic profile and adequate form and function. Objective: To report a case about the dangers of oral bisphosphonates in association with invasive procedures such as dental implants Case report: Female patient, 64 years-old, with osteonecrosis of the jaw caused by use of oral bisphosphonates after rehabilitation with dental implants. She had an edentulous and atrophic mandible and poor healthy. After diagnosis, partial resection of the jaw was performed together with the reconstruction with titanium plate, with no success. Then, iliac bone graft fixed by plates and screws was attempted, again with no success. Conclusion: Despite of the small number of cases of osteonecrosis associated with oral bisphosphonate reported in the literature, a simple implant surgery could result in adverse consequences if the use of this medication were overlooked in the anamnesis.
Retrospective analysis of the fluoride level in the public water supply and its correlation with dental fluorosis at two cities of South Santa Catarina
Authors: Karina Marcon  , Leonardo Marcos Mezzari  , Renan Antônio Ceretta  , Ronaldo Nodari  , Tobias Leite  , Fernanda Guglielmi Faustini Sonego
Published: September 2021

To analyze retrospectively the fluoride level in the public water supply of two cities of the south Santa Catarina and to verify whether 12-year-old schoolers, who had used public water supply had dental fluorosis. Material and methods: 97 schoolers of the cities of Cocal do Sul and Morro da Fumaça were evaluated. Dental fluorosis was determined through Dean index. The annual averages of the fluoride concentrations in waters between the years of 2004 and 2015 were verified by reports supplied by the responsible company. Results: The averages of the fluoride concentrations in the water supply in the cities of Cocal do Sul and Morro da Fumaça, during the analyzed period, were 0.86 and 0,85 ppm of fluoride, respectively, without statistically significant difference. The smaller concentration was found in 2006, in the city of Morro da Fumaça, with 0.64 ppm of F; the greatest concentration occurred in Cocal do Sul, in 2007, with 1.1 ppm of F. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in Cocal do Sul was 24.5% and in Morro da Fumaça was 14.6%, without statistically significant differences. All 12-year-old schoolers who had dental fluorosis were classified as light according to Dean index. Conclusion: Most of the 12-year-old schoolers did not show any fluorosis degree. The cases of dental fluorosis were classified as little severity and with low esthetic impairment. It can be concluded that the fluoride levels in water supply were within the adequate and safe limits with low risk of dental fluorosis.
Two-year clinical performance of cast post and core self-adhesive cementation
Authors: Igor Alessando Gontarski  , Marcos Cezar Pomini  , Sthelen Nayara Cenci  , Giovana Mongruel Gomes  , Lidia Olga Bach Pinheiro  , Adriana Postiglione Buhrer Samra
Published: September 2021

Endodontically treated teeth commonly present extensive tissue loss, requiring the use intraradicular posts, which provide retention for a coronal rehabilitation. Cast post and cores (CPCs) have been traditionally used in cases of marked tooth tissue loss. Case report: This case report describes two cast post and cores and subsequent rehabilitation by metal ceramic crowns. The patient was followed-up at intervals of 12 and 24 months after the rehabilitation. The posts were cemented within the root canal with self-adhesive resin cement, in a way that guarantees a perfect sealing of the root and remains stable in the oral environment. Conclusion: Self-adhesive cements are a one-step material capable of providing additional chemical adhesion to the metal, creating a monoblock, quality not found in conventional resin cements, where the adhesion occurs only in the dentin-cement interface.
Linear dimensional stability of irreversible hydrocolloids with and without disinfection at different storage times
Authors: Lidia Olga Bach Pinheiro  , Alfonso Sanchez Ayala  , Marcos Cezar Pomini  , Vanessa Taborda da Cruz  , Ingrid Viel del Farias  , Adriana Postiglione Buhrer Samra
Published: September 2021

Irreversible hydrocolloids have been used in dental practice for decades and their pouring time has been suggested to be as short as possible; however the latest generation of alginates exhibit better properties, which could influence the fidelity of the casts. Objective: To evaluate the linear dimensional stability of stone casts obtained using two irreversible hydrocolloid brands (Cavex ColorChange and Jeltrate) after disinfection. Material and methods: Samples were divided into 16 groups (n = 10) according to brand, storage time and disinfection. Impressions were taken of a metallic master model made of stainless steel with two abutments. Cast models were obtained using type IV gypsum, after disinfection with sodium hypochlorite at 1% or without any disinfection followed by storage for four different times (immediate pouring, and after 24, 72 or 120 hours storage after obtaining the impressions) and the models were measured with a digital caliper. Data were submitted to ANOVA 3-way followed by Tukey’s test (α < 0.05). Results: A statistically significant difference was detected with Jeltrate Plus after 72 and 120 hours in storage (with and without disinfection), as well as Cavex without disinfection. Differences were found for Cavex with disinfection/24 hours storage, when compared to immediate pouring (P < 0.05). The alginates presented similar behavior regarding disinfection for the same time (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Storage longer than 24 hours affects the fidelity of casts. Disinfection does not promote significant alteration at any of the experimental times with either material.
Facial anthropometry in an adult male with Sotos syndrome
Authors: Eliza Cristiane de Carvalho  , Amanda Albino Bisson  , Lucas Alvarenga Hespanhol  , Nicoli Maria Pereira  , Andrea Paula Fregoneze  , João Armando Brancher  , Maria Fernanda Pioli Torres
Published: September 2021

Sotos Syndrome is a dominant autossomic disease caused by a mutation in NSD1 gene localized in chromosome 5. The craniofacial phenotype of Sotos Syndrome is quite distinctive, especially in the young child, and includes macrocephaly, widelyspaced eyes, prominent chin and mandible, high and curved forehead, palpebral slits oblique and downward, long and narrow face. This phenotype plays an important role in the identification of this syndrome. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the craniofacial anthropometric landmarks of a young adult male with medical diagnosis of Sotos Syndrome. Material and methods: Using noninvasive method of craniofacial anthropometry, twenty five anthropometric measurements were taken of the individual and compared with the facial pattern of non-syndromic individuals, matched in gender and age. The findings were standards and converted to Z-scores. Results: the data analysis showed that the majority of variables were in supernormal range (greater than +2 standard deviation (SD). None none of them was in the subnormal range (less than –2SD). Conclusion: Anthropometric analysis of Sotos Syndrome demonstrated the usefulness of craniofacial analysis in defining abnormal craniofacial dimensions.
Dental extraction in patients with HIV/AIDS: report of two cases
Authors: Mariane Cristina Sloniak  , Sara Regina Barancelli Todero  , Luciana Aparecida Lyra  , Elenara Beatriz Fontana  , Paulo Sérgio Batista  , Antonio Adilson Soares de Lima
Published: September 2021

The oral health of patients with HIV infection is often compromised by caries and periodontal disease. Thus, many patients need to undergo oral surgical procedures. Case report: This article describes two cases of patients with HIV infection who had undergone exodontia due to prosthetic indications. Both patients had been hospitalized for treatment of respiratory complications from HIV infection and were referred for dental treatment. In the first case, the adult patient had generally good oral health. However, the treatment plan for the installation of a removable prosthesis required the removal of tooth 38 since it was fairly inclined to the mesial. The second patient had poor oral conditions due to advanced periodontal disease. Thus, all upper arch teeth were removed in a single session followed by the installation of an immediate total prosthesis. No postoperative complications were recorded and the healing process occurred without incident for both patients. Dental treatment of patients with asymptomatic HIV infection does not differ from that performed for any other patient in practice. Nevertheless, patients in advanced stages of disease may require special treatment and an individual treatment plan must be developed for even routine procedures. Conclusion: The dental care of these individuals often requires more rigorous clinical follow-up for maintaining oral health. The performance of dental surgery in patients with HIV infection does not require technical modifications, but does require a complete anamnesis.
Reposicionamento horizontal mandibular com próteses provisórias removíveis tipo overlay – relato de caso
Authors: Jeferson Luis de Oliveira Stroparo  , Fabrício Guimarães Rodrigues  , Moira Pedroso Leão  , Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic  , João César Zielak
Published: September 2021

A reabilitação com o uso de próteses removíveis do tipo overlay é indicada em casos de disfunções oclusais mais severas. Esse tipo de tratamento atende à necessidade de resultados mais imediatos, proporcionando melhora estética enquanto o trabalho reabilitador está sendo confeccionado, ao mesmo tempo em que promove a reabilitação gradual da função oclusal, readequando a relação intermaxilar. Além disso, o paciente pode antever o resultado do tratamento antes da confecção das próteses definitivas. Objetivo: Mostrar um caso clínico de planejamento e execução de próteses removíveis tipo overlay. Relato de caso: Paciente JCF era portador de disfunção oclusal e apresentava como queixa principal a deficiência estética e funcional. Fazia uso de uma prótese parcial removível (PPR) apenas na arcada superior. A prótese existente não apresentava estabilidade, em virtude da perda de alguns elementos dentários, pilares da PPR. Duas overlays (superior e inferior) foram indicadas, pois o paciente tinha boas condições periodontais nos elementos dentários remanescentes que estavam em posição favorável. Foram feitas exodontias necessárias, adequação do meio bucal com raspagem sub e supragengival e confecção das próteses overlays. Conclusão: O uso das próteses overlays provisórias pode fornecer o tempo necessário para o paciente se adaptar à nova conformação oclusal no período em que espera a realização das restaurações e próteses definitivas. A utilização dessas próteses apresentou resultado bastante satisfatório para o tratamento proposto, uma vez que promoveu a reabilitação funcional, restabeleceu estética, mesmo que temporariamente, e motivou o paciente a continuar o tratamento. Segundo o próprio paciente, houve melhorias expressivas na qualidade da mastigação e na autoestima.
Tratamento cirúrgico de cisto periapical inflamatório de grande extensão em maxila: relato de caso
Authors: Jaiane Aparecida Ribas Pereira  , Kassiane Caciatori Garcia  , Thalyta Verbicaro  , Michele Nascimento Meger  , Paola Fernanda Cotait de Lucas Corso  , Rafaela Scariot
Published: September 2021

Os cistos periapicais são as lesões císticas odontogênicas mais frequentes, comumente assintomáticos e descobertos em exames odontológicos de rotina. O tratamento pode variar de acordo com o tamanho do cisto. Objetivo: Relatar o diagnóstico e o tratamento de um cisto periapical inflamatório de grande extensão em maxila. Relato de caso: Paciente A.B., 38 anos, sexo masculino, apresentou queixa principal de dor na região da maxila esquerda, assimetria facial, com aumento de volume na região do osso zigomático. Após os exames imaginológicos, observou-se uma lesão de dimensão de aproximadamente 6,5 cm, estendendo-se em todo o quadrante da maxila esquerda, com halo hiperdenso e bem definido. Foram realizadas exodontias dos dentes acometidos e biópsia incisional, para a análise histopatológica. Também se instalou um dreno, para descompressão, mantido na cavidade bucal durante 6 meses com irrigações periódicas com soro fisiológico. Após regressão parcial da lesão, fizeram-se enucleação e curetagem sob anestesia geral. Após 36 meses de acompanhamento, foi possível observar ausência de sinais e sintomas de recidiva da lesão, com boa cicatrização na região e neoformação óssea. Conclusão: A descompressão seguida de enucleação, para o tratamento de cisto inflamatório periapical, deve ser considerada como uma opção de tratamento, por minimizar danos às estruturas anatômicas adjacentes.
Avaliação da distância média entre o forame parapical e o ápice radicular radiográfico em dentes permanentes humanos
Authors: Bruno Carvalho de Sousa  , Maria Thereza Aragão Albuquerque  , Ana Luísa Lima Solon  , Fábio de Almeida Gomes  , Cláudio Maníglia Ferreira
Published: September 2021

O comprimento de trabalho (CT) em Endodontia é um passo operatório importante para o sucesso do tratamento. A determinação do CT 1 milímetro aquém do forame apical é a referência padrão. No entanto, quando o forame está parapical, torna-se imprecisa a utilização do ápice radiográfico para determinar o CT. Objetivo: Observar a média da distância entre os forames parapicais e os ápices radiográficos em canais de dentes permanentes humanos. Material e métodos: Foram avaliadas 125 radiografias de dentes humanos permanentes portadores de forames parapicais. As radiografias foram digitalizadas acrescidas de uma escala em milímetros. Inseriram-se as imagens no programa Image Tool® para a mensuração da distância entre os forames parapicais e os ápices radiculares radiográficos. Estatística descritiva foi utilizada para demonstrar a média por grupo e geral dessa distância. Resultados: A média geral da distância foi 1,18 mm do ápice radiográfico, sendo encontrada nos pré-molares a menor média (0,99 mm) e nos molares a maior (1,29 mm). Conclusão: A distância média entre os forames parapicais e os ápices radiculares radiográficos foi superior a 1,18 mm, o que torna o método radiográfico pouco preciso para determinação do limite apical de trabalho nos casos em que existem forames parapicais.
Eficiência de diferentes soluções na descontaminação de cones de guta-percha expostos ao Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Flávia Sens FAGUNDES  , Denise Piotto LEONARDI  , Gisele Aihara HARAGUSHIKU  , Flares BARATTO FILHO  , Luiz Fernando TOMAZINHO  , Paulo Henrique TOMAZINHO
Published: September 2021

Os cones de guta-percha são os principais materiais obturadores dos canaisradiculares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de alguns produtosna descontaminação desses cones. No trabalho em questão, utilizaram-se80 cones de guta-percha #40, separados em 8 grupos (10 cones).Contaminaram-se 70 cones com Enterecoccus faecalis por imersão emsolução salina contendo 105 a 108 células bacterianas/mL. Os grupossofreram descontaminação por G1: álcool 70%; G2: álcool 70% + iodo1%; G3: álcool 70% + clorexidina 4%; G4: clorexidina 4%; G5: NaOCl2,5%; G6: NaOCl 5,25%; G7: solução salina; G8: não foi contaminado e não sofreu descontaminação (controle). Após 1 minuto em contato comcada produto, cinco (5) cones foram retirados, lavados em solução salinaestéril e introduzidos individualmente em tubos contendo caldo BHI. Oscones restantes foram retirados após 5 minutos em contato com assoluções, repetindo o mesmo processo dos anteriores. O conjunto de tubosfoi agitado por 1 minuto e levado à estufa a 37ºC por 48 horas. Os tubosque apresentavam turbidez do caldo BHI foram considerados positivos.Observou-se que no tempo de 1 minuto houve crescimento bacterianonos grupos 1, 2, 5 e 7, e no tempo de 5 minutos somente os grupos 5 e 7apresentaram crescimento bacteriano. O grupo 8 teve um conecontaminado. Com a metodologia empregada, concluímos que a associaçãode álcool 70% com clorexidina 4%, solução aquosa de clorexidina 4% eNaOCl 5,25% não permitiu o desenvolvimento de E. faecalis, promovendoportanto boa desinfecção dos cones de guta-percha num tempo adequadopara prática clínica.
Associação entre implantes odontológicos e próteses parciais removíveis: revisão de literatura
Authors: Marcos Aurélio Bomfim da Silva  , Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consani  , Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira  , José Ivo Limeira dos Reis  , Lucas Amaral Fontanari  , José Mauricio dos Santos Nunes Reis
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A prótese parcial removível de extremidade livre unilateral ou bilateral apresenta complexa biomecânica. Seus movimentos em diversas direções, juntamente com a forma do rebordo alveolar e a resiliência da fibromucosa, podem levar a forças danosas sobre as estruturas de suporte. A associação entre implantes e prótese parcial removível visa proporcionar melhores propriedades mecânico-biológicas ao sistema estomatognático. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura e discussão quanto ao uso dessa alternativa de reabilitação. Revisão de literatura e conclusão: Estudos têm evidenciado que essa associação oferece maior suporte, retenção e estabilidade às próteses, limitando seu movimento de aproximação em direção aos tecidos de suporte e propiciando conforto funcional e psicológico aos pacientes.
Carbohydrazide Analogues: A Review of Synthesis and Biological Activities
Authors: Onyeyilim Ebuka Leonard , Ezeokonkwo Mercy Amarachi , Ugwu David Izuchukwu , Uzoewulu Chiamaka Peace , Eze Florence Uchenna , Okonkwo Vivian Ifeoma , Eze Cosmas Chinweike , Ezugwu James Anayochukwu
Published: September 2021

:

Carbohydrazides and their Schiff bases are important classes of heterocycles that are not only employed in the area of organic chemistry but also have tremendous applications in physical and inorganic chemistry. A series of potentially bioactive compounds containing carbohydrazide functionality and their hydrazone derivatives have been synthesized and screened for antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal and anti-inflammatory, etc. This brief review discloses some synthetic routes to so many reported carbohydrazides, their Schiff bases, their biological activities, and their structure-activity relationship.
An Overview of Synthesis and Biological Activity of Dihydropyrimidine
Derivatives
Authors: Dudhe Anshu Chaudhary , Dudhe Rupesh , Porwal Omji , katole Gayatri
Published: September 2021

Dihydropyrimidine derivatives are the most important scaffolds due to structural similarities
with natural products; it is a heterocyclic compound. The chemistry of Dihydropyrimidine is a
growing field. Various reaction schemes for the preparation of Dihydropyrimidines produce different
biological effects and offer vast scope in the field of medicinal chemistry. This article's goal is to analyze
the work that reported the recent chemistry and pharmacological activities of dihydropyrimidine
derivatives.
The Effect of Uphill and Downhill Eerobic Exercises on Serum Apolipoprotein
A1 and Apolipoprotein B Levels and their Ratio in Patients with
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Yazdani Rostam , Marefati Hamid , Shahesmaeili Armita , Bagheri Alireza , Langari Ahmad Alinaghi , Nakhaei Samira , Amiri Mahmoud , Kameshki Halimeh
Published: September 2021

Background:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health issue
worldwide.

Introduction:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises at steep surfaces on Apo
A1 and Apo B serum levels and their ratio in COPD patients.

Methods:

This interventional study was undertaken on 16 COPD patients. The sample was selected
by using the random sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 8 members:
uphill and downhill. Spirometry was conducted prior to the exercises and pulmonary volumes
were measured. Aerobic exercises (stationary bicycle and treadmill) were started 3 times a week
for 8 weeks. The duration of exercises in each session was determined based on the patients’ ability
(30-40 min). In the first and second group, exercises were performed on sloped surfaces that
were downwards and upwards at a 10-degree angle, respectively. Blood samples were taken from
the patients before and after the 8 weeks. Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and Apo A1 to Apo B ratio
were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

ApoA1/Apo B ratio in the uphill group before and after the intervention was 1.43±0.21
and 1.53±0.24 mg/dL, respectively, with P-value=0.36. In the downhill group, this value was
1.27±0.17 and 1.30±0.18, respectively, with a P-value=0.032.

Conclusion:

In light of the results of the present study, incorporating downhill exercises in COPD
patients' rehabilitation program can help improve pulmonary function and prevent atherosclerotic
events.
Telemedicine as an Alternative Way to Provide Multidisciplinary Cleft Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shahrul Al Imran , Abd Rahman Aida Nur Ashikin
Published: September 2021

The current coronavirus pandemic is changing the way healthcare professionals provide services to patients. Healthcare professionals are required to provide quality care while reducing the risk of viral transmission. This pandemic has disrupted the timely multidisciplinary team care for patients with clefts across the globe. Thus, telemedicine has been recognized and accepted by various medical and dental specialists as a viable alternative to face-to-face consultation. In addition, telemedicine incorporating a digital workflow in cleft management will further reduce the risk of viral transmission and enhance the quality of treatment being provided to these patients.
Comparison of Visual Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction Following Cataract Surgery with Two Monofocal Intraocular Lenses: Clareon® vs AcrySof® IQ Monofocal
Authors: Agarwal Smita , Thornell Erin
Published: September 2021

Aim:

This study aimed to compare the performance of two monofocal Intraocular Lenses (IOL) platforms.

Background:

The Clareon® Intraocular Lens (IOL) is a relatively new monofocal lens platform designed to improve postoperative results compared to other monofocal platforms.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess and compare the visual and refractive outcomes, and incidence of YAG capsulotomy of the Clareon® IOL and a standard non-preloaded AcrySof® monofocal IOL following contralateral implantation in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods:

A total of 20 patients (40 eyes; 12 female, average age 72.8±6.4 years) who had undergone contralateral implantation of an AcrySof® IQ monofocal lens (SN60WF or SN6AT; Alcon; Texas, USA) and a Clareon®monofocal lens (CNAOT0; Alcon; Texas, USA) were selected. Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity (UDVA), Contrast Sensitivity (CS), kinetic perimetry, and refraction were measured 1 month following the second surgery and subjective vision was measured 6 months following the second surgery using a quality-of-life questionnaire.

Results:

There was no difference in postoperative UDVA (P=0.94), CS (P>0.05), or refraction (P=0.64) between eyes that received the Clareon® and AcrySof® IQ lenses. Clareon® eyes had a higher incidence of glare/haloes and positive dysphotopsia while AcrySof® IQ eyes had a higher incidence of negative dysphotopsia. Patient satisfaction was similar between the groups (P=0.86), although 25% of patients reported more clarity in the eye that received the Clareon® lens. The incidence of posterior capsular opacification was low for both groups.

Conclusion:

Clareon® and AcrySof® IQ lenses perform similarly, providing good refractive, visual, and subjective outcomes. Clareon® is available as a preloaded lens option and may reduce PCO and the need for Nd: YAG capsulotomy.
Knowledge of Students regarding HIV/AIDS at a Rural University in South Africa
Authors: Murwira Tinotenda S. , Khoza Lunic B. , Mabunda Jabu T. , Maputle Sonto M. , Mpeta Mamotena , Nunu Wilfred N.
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Knowledge about HIV/AIDS is essential for facilitating safer sexual behaviour hence, it is important in controlling HIV. Therefore, in the absence of a cure for the pandemic, adequate knowledge about the virus remains the backbone of prevention efforts.

Objective:

To assess the knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among undergraduate students at a rural university in Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive quantitative survey-based study was conducted at a rural-based university in South Africa. Stratified random sampling was used to select 345 students. A self-administered questionnaire composed of 26 questions was utilised to gather data and the data were analysed using SPSS version 26. Multiple logistic regression and chi-square tests [χ2] were employed to determine the association between HIV/AIDS knowledge and demographic variables.

Results:

The overall HIV/AIDS knowledge score of students shows that (74)21% had a poor level of knowledge, (126)37% had average knowledge, and (145)42% had adequate knowledge. There was no significant difference between male and female students regarding their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Factors, such as age, level of study, the field of study, and religion, were not significantly associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge. However, the race was significantly associated with knowledge with coloureds and mixed races, almost six times less knowledgeable than blacks.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, students had inadequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS facts, transmission routes, and prevention aspects were also prevalent among students. The present study accentuates the need for providing students with more HIV/AIDS education to fill HIV knowledge gaps and misconceptions.
OPTIMALISASI DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DALAM PERAWATAN BAYI BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI RUMAH
Authors:   School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Merdikawati Ayut , Astari Asti Melani , Choiriyah Muladefi , Evi Nurul , Yuliatun Laily , Amaliya Sholihatul , Fitri Azizha Adila , Raehana Niken Ummu
Published: September 2021

Caring for LBW babies at home is must be intensively. One of the methods used is Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) by providing warmth to LBW babies. Family involvement in the care of LBW babies is a very important. This community service aims to optimize the support of family in the care of LBW babies. Team members conducted this activity in Februari-Mei 2020 with the home visit & counseling method. Participants in this activity were 25 mothers who gave birth to LBW babies and who live in Malang Raya. Data Collection used questionnaires. The result of this activity, the majority of family support in the care of LBW babies was in good category (76%). In conclusion, family support plays an important role in the sustainability of the implementation of KMC at home.
TEENAGER CADERIZATION TO RESPOND TO CARDIAC ARREST USING SMARTPHONE APPLICATION "BE ABYSTANDER"
Authors:   School of nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Rachmawati Septi Dewi , Wisnasari Shila ,   School of nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Wihastuti Titin Andri ,   School of nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Yunanto Rismawan Adi ,   Nursing Science Study Program, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Yasin Dudella Desnani Firman ,   Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Pangkalpinang
Published: September 2021

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is considered as a global health problem because of its high incidence and low survival rates. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) performed immediately by a bystander for OHCA patients increases the patients’ survival rate. However, the rate of CPR for OHCA patients remains very low due to the lack of willingness to become a bystander. One way to increase the number of CPR bystanders is by providing training on how to perform CPR. Students is considered to be the best bystander candidate because of their high curiosity and ability to memorize complex objects. This community service aims to increase the survival rates of OHCA patients through the youth cadreization responding to cardiac arrest using the Smartphone Application "Be A Bystander". This community service activity includes providing education about cardiac arrest and CPR, training on CPR with the simulation method (roleplay), and training on CPR using the “Be a Bystander” application. The indicators of the success of this community service are an increase in the knowledge, skills, and willingness of participants to become a bystander. Evaluation showed a significant increase in knowledge (p = 0.000), skills (p = 0.000), and willingness (p = 0.000) of participants before and after programs were carried out. After this community services activity, we hope more students are willing to become a competent bystander.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Biogrouting Pada Tanah Vulkanis Terhadap Kuat Gesernya
Authors: Awaludin Muhammad Fajar , Yuliani Emma , Hendrawan Andre Primantyo
Published: September 2021

Indonesia has many active volcanoes, one of which is Mount Kelud. The eruption of Mount Kelud produced a lot of volcanic ash. This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of the material and also the soil classification, and also to determine changes in the shear strength parameters due to the biogrouting process on the material with pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. From the results of this study, the material is bad with a GS value of 2.706. Samples with bacteria all experienced an increase in the internal shear angle of the samples with Dr 70%. The 70-10-Ps sample experienced the largest increase in internal shear angle, namely 942.4% when compared to 70-10-tb. Almost all samples with bacteria have decreased cohesion value. The sample with the smallest cohesion value was the 70-10-Ps sample when compared with the 70-10-Tb sample as a control.
Analisa Keruntuhan Bendungan Kering Ciawi Menggunakan Program HEC-RAS dan InaSAFE
Authors: Pramana Fabian Raditya , Juwono Pitojo Tri , Asmaranto Runi
Published: September 2021

Dam is a structure built across a stream to retain water for the purpose of water supply, irrigation, hydropower, and flood control. Beside the high benefits, dams are also a potential threat to public safety, which is dam break/dam failure. The purpose of this study was to discover various scenarios of dam break at Ciawi Dam, with the main modes of failure have been identified as piping or overtopping. Ciawi dam break are modeled and analyzed using HEC-RAS v5.0.7 based on available geometry data. After that, based on regional population data, the economic loss calculated using InaSAFE. The simulation results showed that the Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) with a peak discharge of 1845,867 m3/s did not generate an overtopping scenario. From the analysis of 2-D simulation in HEC-RAS, the Ciawi dam break due to piping at Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) has a maximum water depth of 46,419 m with the area of inundation covers 108,04 km2. Those numbers imply that Ciawi Dam break classified as a high-hazard category.
Analisa Banjir Kali Pekalen Kabupaten Probolinggo Menggunakan Aplikasi HEC â€“ RAS
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Adnan , Asmaranto Runi , Dermawan Very
Published: September 2021

The upstream area of the Pekalen watershed has undergone land-use changes, resulting in sedimentation, which resulted in a reduction in the river's existing ability to accommodate water discharge. Therefore, it caused the problem of flooding around the Kali Pekalen area. Hence, to determine the river's existing capabilities and find alternative solutions to the flood problem, an analysis of the Kali Pekalen's capacity using the HEC-RAS application was carried out by the researcher. The research process was conducted in the upstream, middle, and downstream rivers with a Q50 year return period using the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph. Based on the analysis results that have been carried out, there are 163 stakes in the area unable to accommodate the discharge. As a solution to the problem, the 163 pegs in Kali Pekalen were installed with embankments with the Concrete Sheet Pile (CCSP) design which had a length of 12 m and a depth of 6.45 m from the riverbed.Â Wilayah hulu DAS Pekalen mengalami perubahan tata guna lahan yang menyebabkan terjadinya sedimentasi pada Kali Pekalen. Dengan adanya sedimentasi tersebut, maka dapat mengakibatkan berkurangnya kemampuan eksisting sungai untuk menampung debit, sehingga menyebabkan masalah banjir di sekitar wilayah Kali Pekalen. Dalam hal ini maka dilakukan analisa kapasitas Kali Pekalen dengan menggunakan aplikasi HEC-RAS untuk mengetahui kemampuan eksisting sungai dan juga mengetahui alternatif penyelesaian dari masalah banjir tersebut. Untuk melakukan analisa tersebut diperlukan analisa hidrologi untuk mendapatkan debit banjir rancangan. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencari debit banjir rancangan yaitu dengan menggunakan Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis Nakayasu dengan kala ulang Q50 th untuk wilayah hulu, tengah, dan hilir Kali Pekalen. Setelah mendapatkan hasil perhitungan debit banjir rancangan, maka dilakukan analisa aliran dengan menggunakan aplikasi HEC-RAS 5.0.7. Berdasarkan hasil analisa yang telah dilakukan, terdapat 163 ruas patok di wilayah hulu, tengah dan hilir Kali Pekalen yang tidak mampu menampung debit. Sehingga ada 163 ruas patok di Kali pekalen yang dipasang tanggul dengan desain Concrete Sheet Pile (CCSP) yang memiliki panjang 12 m, dan kedalaman 6,45 m dari dasar sungai.
Studi Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Domestik di Rest Area Kedungmlati Jalan Tol Jombang-Mojokerto Kabupaten Jombang Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Sumule Ahimsa Rama Pagayang , Yuliani Emma , Prayogo Tri Budi
Published: September 2021

Berdasarkan data dari beberapa sumber, pengolahan limbah domestik di kabupaten Jombang belum memenuhi syarat bahkan ada yang belum memiliki sistem pengolahan limbah domestik sehingga air buangan limbah domestik langsung menuju ke saluran drainase bahkan ke badan sungai seperti pada Rest Area Kedungmlati. Salah satu cara agar limbah domestik memenuhi standar baku mutu yang berlaku yakni dengan adanya suatu sistem pengolahan yang dapat mengurangi pencemaran air sungai dan air tanah serta berbagai masalah lain yang dapat merusak kelestarian lingkungan. Sistem pengolahan tersebut adalah Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) dengan sistem pengolahan secara anaerobik yang memanfaatkan mikroorganisme untuk menguraikan bahan pencemar pada limbah. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sampel yang telah dilakukan, terdapat 5 parameter yang digunakan pada IPAL ini seperti pH, BOD, COD, TSS, serta Minyak dan Lemak, dimana terdapat 3 paramater yang belum sesuai dengan standar baku mutu yaitu BOD sebesar 135,6 mg/L, COD sebesar 315,3 mg/L, dan TSS sebesar 950 mg/L. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan, nilai dari ketiga parameter tersebut berkurang yaitu BOD sebesar 2,5 mg/L, COD sebesar 5,7 mg/L, dan TSS sebesar 4,3 mg/L. Sehingga IPAL dengan sistem anaerobik ini dapat menurunkan kadar dari ketiga parameter tersebut dan sesuai dengan standar baku mutu yang berlaku.
Studi Optimasi Pemanfaatan Air Irigasi pada Daerah Irigasi Gumbasa Kabupaten Sigi Menggunakan Program Linier
Authors: Shihab Muhammad Qurais , Limantara Lily Montarcih , Suhartanto Ery
Published: September 2021

Daerah Irigasi Gumbasa memiliki luas baku sawah sebesar 1737 hektar. ditemukan beberapa permasalahan seperti pola tata tanam yang dibuat oleh Dinas Pengairan tidak sejalan dengan kondisi lapangan serta air yang tersedia di Bendung Gumbasa tidak mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air irigasi pada musim kemarau. Agar ketersediaan air dapat mencukupi kebutuhan diperlukan pengoptimalan luas areal yang dapat terairi dari ketersediaan air irigasi yang ada dengan menggunakan program linier agar dapat diperoleh manfaat maksimal dengan keterbatasan sumber daya yang ada. Studi ini mempunyai masalah kekeringan pada rata â€“ rata dalam setahun dapat teratasi berawal dari 33,3% periode tercukupi menjadi 100%, intensitas tanam 40,97% menjadi 165,177% serta keuntungan bersih yang meningkat dari Rp. 7.815.404,895 Per tahun menjadi Rp. 32.969.542,295 dengan kondisi debit andalan 97%. Sedangkan pada kondisi debit andalan 80% berawal dari 79,17% periode tercukupi menjadi 100%, intensitas tanam dari 106,94% menjadi 262,5% serta keuntungan bersih yang meningkat dari Â Rp. 20.399.617,696 per tahun menjadi Rp. 49.682.562,315. Untuk kondisi debit andalan 75% berawal dari 91,68% periode terpenuhi menjadi 100%, intensitas tanam 124,58% menjadi 247,44% serta keuntungan bersih yang meningkat dari Rp. 23.765.038,614 menjadi keuntungan maksimum yaitu Rp. 50.135.817,479. Untuk kondisi debit andalan 50% dan 30% tidak di optimasi dikarenakan ketersediaan airnya memenuhi kebutuhan air irigasi.
Kajian Hidrolika Aliran Bangunan Pelimpah Samping (Side Channel Spillway) Bendungan Beringin Sila Kabupaten Sumbawa
Authors: Aulia Nanda , Dermawan Very , Cahya Evi nur
Published: September 2021

The construction of the Beringin Sila dam is a priority to provide irrigation water and meet raw water requirements in the Utan and Buer districts. To address this issue, the Beringin Sila Dam is one of the government's efforts to build equitable infrastructure to support national water and food safety. The hydraulic analysis of the physical design of the Beringin Sila dam is one of the planning rules for the dam. The goal of the analysis of the physical model of the Beringin Sila dam is to evaluate and propose the best alternative to improve the overall hydraulic performance based on initial planning. The hydraulic analysis of the physical model of the Beringin Sila dam was carried out with the initial planning of the series 0 using the standard stage method on the transition channel and the chute way. The physical model test results show that the design of the dam is safe to flow the Q100th and Q1000th discharge because the conditions of the transition channel are not crossflow, the chute way channel is supercritical and there is no capitation and vibration flow.
Aplikasi TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) pada Evaluasi Saluran Drainase Perkotaan Berwawasan Lingkungan di Sistem Drainase Sebangau dan Kahayan, Palangka Raya
Authors: Pulasari Luh Ayu Putri Wedayanti , Andawayanti Ussy , Suhartanto Ery
Published: September 2021

Inundation on roads is a common problem in urban areas, the ones at the Palangka Raya City. The existing drainage system at the study area still uses a conventional drainage system and unable to accommodate the inundation. Thus requires for handling by absorbing or temporarily accommodating the inundation before being discharged into the river which is the concept of an ecoâ€“drainage system. To determine the design discharge of the drainage channel at the study area, hydrological data processing is analyzed using the TRMM satellite rainfall data due to the limited rainfall data length. From the results of processing the TRMM satellite rainfall data, the design discharge for the Kahayan and Sebangau Drainage Systems are different in each channel. By using a 5-year return period, the smallest design discharge value is 1,097 m3/s and the largest is 59,111 m3/s. From the evaluation results, 11 out of 28 existing channels need to have inundation control. Chosen alternative to inundation control with ecoâ€“drainage concept is by rehabilitating channels and making detention ponds. This alternative can reduce inundation by 100%.Â Genangan air yang muncul di ruas-ruas jalan merupakan suatu permasalahan umum di daerah perkotaan salah satunya pada Kota Palangka Raya. Sistem drainase yang ada pada kawasan ini masih menggunakan sistem drainase konvensional dan belum mampu menampung genangan yang terjadi. Sehingga perlu adanya penanganan dengan cara meresapkan atau menampung sementara genangan sebelum dibuang ke badan sungai yang merupakan konsep dari sistem drainase berwawasan lingkungan. Untuk mengetahui debit rancangan pada saluran drainase di lokasi studi, dilakukan pengolahan data hidrologi menggunakan bantuan data hujan satelit TRMM karena keterbatasan panjang data hujan di lapangan. Dari hasil pengolahan data hujan satelit TRMM, didapatkan debit rancangan pada Sistem Drainase Kahayan dan Sebangau yang berbeda pada tiap saluran. Dengan menggunakan kala ulang 5 tahun, didapatkan nilai debit banjir rancangan terkecil 1,097 m3/dt dan terbesar 59,111 m3/dt. Dari hasil evaluasi didapatkan 11 dari 28 saluran yang ada perlu dilakukan penanganan genangan. Alternatif penanggulangan genangan dengan konsep drainase berwawasan lingkungan yang dipilih yaitu dengan merehabilitasi saluran dan pembuatan kolam detensi. Alternatif tersebut dapat mereduksi genangan sebesar 100%.
Analisis Curah Hujan Serial Terhadap Debit Maksimum di Sub DAS Lesti, DAS Brantas, Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Februanto Aaron Jeremy , Limantara Lily Montarcih , Fidari Jadfan Sidqi
Published: September 2021

Changes in climate and land use cause a high potential for flooding in the Lesti watershed. Rainfall that can cause flood discharge varies greatly, so an analysis of the equality of rainfall with discharge is needed. In this study, we will discuss the comparative analysis of serial rainfall with design rainfall to determine the amount of serial rainfall that can cause flooding. The method used in this research is Nakayasu Synthetic Hydrograph Unit and Collins Observation Unit Hydrograph so that the results are equivalent to rain which can cause flooding. Serial rainfall with a height of 58 mm will be equivalent to a design rainfall of 87.37 mm with a return period of 2 years. The peak discharge value and peak time between Collins and Nakayasu have deviation results with a relative error for the peak time of 9.173%, while for peak discharge of 9.999%. The AWLR discharge of 187.29 m3/s on 5 April 2015 will be equivalent to the design flood discharge with a 2-year return period of 189,143 m3/s.Perubahan iklim dan tata guna lahan menyebabkan potensi bencana banjir yang tinggi pada DAS Lesti. Curah hujan yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya debit banjir sangat bervariasi, sehingga dibutuhkan adanya analisis kesetaraan curah hujan dengan debit. Pada penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai analisa perbandingan curah hujan serial dengan curah hujan rancangan untuk mengetahui besaran curah hujan serial yang dapat menyebabkan banjir. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis Nakayasu dan Hidrograf Satuan Observasi Collins sehingga didapatkan hasil kesetaraan hujan yang dapat mengakibatkan banjir. Curah hujan serial dengan tinggi sebesar 58 mm akan setara dengan curah hujan rancangan sebesar 87,37 mm dengan kala ulang sebesar 2 tahun. Nilai debit puncak dan waktu puncak antara Collins dan Nakayasu memiliki hasil penyimpangan dengan kesalahan relatif untuk waktu puncak sebesar 9,173%, sedangkan untuk debit puncak sebesar 9,999%. Debit AWLR sebesar 187,29 m3/dt pada tanggal 5 April 2015 akan setara dengan debit banjir rancangan dengan kala ulang 2 tahun sebesar 189.143 m3/dt.