bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marca de lugar, globalización y patrimonio: una aproximación conceptual a manera de introducción
Authors: Yory Carlos Mario
Published: April 2024

Desentrañar el significado y uso de la noción de marca de lugar exige analizar sus diferentes sentidos a la luz, no solo de su utilización como vehículo para caracterizar uno u otro territorio, sino como medio de promoción y mercadeo de estos en el contexto de la globalización. Así, de la mano de la comprensión y naturaleza de las distintas características, situaciones o accidentes que “marcan” un determinado lugar, se examina aquí la propia noción de marca —natural o construida— en función de establecer, no solo su rol en los procesos de identificación territorial, o su uso como estrategia de promoción regional o internacional de tales territorios —de una u otra forma “marcados—, sino la posibilidad real de que estos construyan colectivamente su propia marca o, incluso, se des-enmarquen de una u otra previamente asignada por el mercado o por uno u otro actor nativo o ajeno al territor
Lugares del Mediterráneo: Tetuán
Authors: Líndez Vílchez Bernardino , Patrón Chaves Larissa
Published: April 2024

El conjunto que componen los cementerios, la medina y el ensanche constituye un testimonio de diversidad que ha logrado conformar una entidad única y genuina de urbanismo, arquitectura y paisaje en el territorio. El lugar como generador de la forma se hace visible a través del trazado urbano y del sincretismo figurativo de su arquitectura, que se refuerza en la manera en que las tres unidades son utilizadas por la población que las reconoce como propias. Formas de vivir que vinculan las ciudades de los muertos y de los vivos. La ciudad histórica, vital y anclada en la tradición (la medina) y la moderna que mira con nostalgia el pasado sin renunciar al presente y al futuro: el ensanche. Identidades compartidas que dan como resultado un único paisaje cultural.
Hacia una marca de lugar del valle del Colca, Perú
Authors: Zeballos Velarde Carlos , Málaga Lazo Manuel , Manchego Huaquipaco Edith , Butrón Revilla Cinthya
Published: April 2024

El auge creciente de la marca de lugar para promocionar sitios y lugares patrimoniales ha coincidido con un progresivo cambio de paradigma en la preservación y protección del patrimonio. Tal es el caso del valle del Colca y sus comunidades, las cuales, habiendo sido declaradas patrimonio cultural de la humanidad, requieren gestionar de manera constante y vinculante sus espacios patrimoniales. En este sentido, este capítulo explora la propuesta de un proceso que involucre a los pobladores de las comunidades en la gestión de la marca de lugar con una visión que supere la gestión de la actividad turística e involucre las experiencias, los saberes y las aspiraciones de los pobladores de las comunidades, y de esta manera se aporte al fortalecimiento de la preservación del patrimonio material e inmaterial del valle del Colca.
Bio-efficacies of essential oils against food-borne bacteria
Authors: Beniwal Deepika , Gupta Sarika
Published: March 2024

This review examines the impact of essential oils (EOs) in food manufacturing and their potential as natural preservatives. Food is a substance ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to supply energy to maintain life and stimulate growth. Chemical preservatives like benzoates, nitrites, sulphites, and sorbates added to the processed food items have various side effects on humans. An approach that uses of essential oils (EOs) enhance the shelf-life of the manufactured foods, which have no side effects on the consumer’s health. EOs has shown significant antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects in food industries. Due to their various activities, EOs could be used as alternative preservatives to increase the shelf lives of processed food. Additionally, the use of EOs as natural preservatives aligns with the growing consumer demand for clean label and natural ingredients in food products. The potential applications of EOs in food preservation are wide-ranging, including their use in meat products, bakery products, dairy products, and beverages. Moreover, their effectiveness against a wide range of microorganisms, including pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and molds, makes them an attractive option for food preservation. Despite the potential benefits, there are some challenges associated with the use of EOs in food manufacturing. The purpose of this review was to advocate the use of EOs as natural, safe, and eco-friendly preservatives that have the potential to revolutionize the food industry by reducing the use of chemical preservatives and providing consumers with healthier and safer food products.
In silico molecular docking, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of bioactive fractions of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. peel against oral pathogens in dental caries
Authors: Dehury Satyaprakash , Priyadarsini Priyanka , Nanda Ashirbad , Dubey Debasmita , Swain Sandeep Kumar , Samantaray Biswajit , Tripathy Barsha , Kanhar Satish
Published: March 2024

Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease. It is caused by infection of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. It is associated with inflammation of the dental gum. Antimicrobial agents or systemic antibiotics are administered to prevent dental caries. However, the pathogens become drug-resistant to specific antibiotics, so a combinational therapy approach may lead to the management of dental caries. In the current investigation, the peel of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck was evaluated for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities in dental caries. Different fractions of hydroalcohol extract were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and C. albicans. Based on the results, methanol fraction was selected for ex-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The bioactive compounds of the methanol faction were identified by GC-MS. Only selected compounds were subjected to in silico docking analysis towards selective proteins of S. mutans and C. albicans. Amongst all the fractions, the methanol fraction showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. mutans (ZOI, 27 mm; MIC, 0.78 mg/ml; and MBC, 1.56 mg/ml) and C. albicans (ZOI, 29 mm; MIC, 0.39 mg/ml; and MBC, 1.56 mg/ml). Methanol fraction (100 µg/ml) exhibited the highest inhibition of 79.29% than other fractions in the anti-inflammatory study. GC-MS analysis of methanol fraction reported 17 compounds. Out of these, only ten compounds satisfied Lipinski’s rule of five in ADMET analysis and were subjected to in silico docking analysis. The results confirmed that the compounds of methanol fraction have the potential to inhibit the active proteins of dental caries pathogen.
Vitex negundo L. oil nanoemulsion for the ecofriendly management of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in stored rice
Authors: Mishra Prajna Prakash , Mishra P R , Adak Totan , G Basana Gowda , Pandi G Guru Pirasanna , Golive Prasanthi , Rath P C , B. Patil Naveenkumar
Published: March 2024

The widespread use of synthetic chemicals as storage protectants makes food hazardous, endangers human health and develops insect resistance. Hence, in the present study Vitex negundo L. oil nanoemulsion (VNO NE) was prepared to manage stored grain pests. V. negundo oil (VNO) had major compounds like Aromandendrene, Beta-caryophyllene, Squalene, 3-octen-5-yne,2,7-dimethyl-, (E)-, 5-(1-isopropenyl-4,5-dimethylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-5-yl)-3-methyl-2-pentenol acetate, Farnesyl bromide, 4-terpeneol and Elemol. A high-speed homogenizer was used to formulate nanoemulsions of VNO and studies on their physico-chemical and thermal stability revealed that, the optimum nanoemulsion had 5% VNO mixed at a 1:2 (w/w) ratio with tween 80 surfactant. The hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index and mean zeta potential of the nanoemulsion were 166.62 nm, 0.263 and -3.4 mV respectively and droplet sizes varied from 50 to 200 nm in transmission electron microscopy. Lethal dose 50 (LD50) values for contact toxicity of VNO nanoemulsion (VNO NE) were 0.755 and 3.131 micro L cm-2 against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum respectively which were 41.60 and 29.88% less compared to VNO. In case of fumigant toxicity, LD50 value of VNO NE was 322.28 micro L L-1 against S. oryzae which was 26% less than that of crude oil. Highest repellency increased by 33.33 and 36.58% when treated with VNO NE in S. oryzae and T. castaneum respectively. Also significant Glutathione s transferase enzyme inhibition activities observed in VNO NE treated insects as compared to VNO and control. Thus, VNO NE having improved efficacy and targeted delivery could contribute towards eco-friendly sustainable stored grain pest management in rice.
Resilient Stormwater Management of a Coastal Catchment
Authors:   University of Bahrain - Sakhir, Habib Abrar , Akyuz Dilek Eren ,   Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Nasher Nagib ,   University of Bahrain - Sakhir, Musleh Fuad ,   University of Bahrain - Sakhir
Published: April 2024

Designing stormwater drainage systems considering deep uncertainty is a task that has no correct solution, rather, it can only be addressed by managing the system in a smart, robust way. Over recent decades, robust decision-making has been promoted as a solution to planning systems that are vulnerable to deep uncertainty. In this paper, we adopt a robust decision-making methodology to propose a stormwater drainage system in a coastal catchment in an arid region which is vulnerable to sea-level rise and increased precipitation intensity. We used bias-corrected precipitation and sea-level rise projections from a regional climate model, in addition to analyzing observed data. The decision-making methodology adopted is the Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways (DAPP). It involves building a decision tree with probable actions to consider when the stormwater system is expected to fail. The success of DAPP relies on continuous and extensive monitoring of the system and all components/factors that form risk or add to the vulnerability of the system, in addition to extensive simulations of the pre-identified actions that enable quick implementation of the solutions preceding failure of the system. This gives an early warning and aids the proactive execution of actions, hence making the system resilient to deep uncertainty. The DAPP for the study site is presented, and the advantages of relying on robust decision-making for arid regions are discussed.
Exercise increases TCA intermediate concentrations during low‐calorie diet independent of insulin resistance among women with obesity
Authors: Ragland Tristan J. , Malin Steven K.
Published: April 2024

Tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (TCAi) have been proposed to act as myokines that influence energy metabolism. We determined if 2‐weeks of low‐calorie diet with interval exercise (LCD + INT) would increase TCAi more than a low‐calorie diet (LCD). Twenty‐three women were randomized to 2‐weeks of LCD (n = 12, 48.4 ± 2.5 years, 37.8 ± 1.5 kg/m2, ~1200 kcal/d) or LCD + INT (n = 11, 47.6 ± 4.3 years, 37.9 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 60 min/d supervised INT of 3 min 90% & 50% HRpeak). TCAi and amino acids (AA) were measured at 0 min of a 75 g OGTT, while glucose, insulin, and FFA were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min to assess total area under the curve (tAUC180min) and insulin resistance (IR; tAUC180min of Glucose × Insulin). Fuel use (indirect calorimetry) was also collected at 0, 60, 120, and 180 min as was fitness (VO2peak) and body composition (BodPod). Treatments reduced weight (p < 0.001), fasting RER (p = 0.01), and IR (p = 0.03), although LCD + INT increased VO2peak (p = 0.02) and maintained RER tAUC180min (p = 0.05) versus LCD. Treatments increased FFA tAUC180min (p = 0.005), cis‐aconitate, isocitrate, and succinate (p ≤ 0.02), as well as reduced phenylalanine and tryptophan, cysteine (p ≤ 0.005). However, LCD + INT increased malate, citrate, α‐ketoglutarate, and alanine more than LCD (p ≤ 0.04). Thus, INT enhanced LCD effects on some TCAi in women with obesity independent of IR.
Effects of antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism
Authors: Padilla Apuntate Nuria , Puerto Cabeza Carmen G. , Gallego Royo Alba , Goñi Ros Nuria , Abadía Molina Claudia , Acha Pérez Javier , Calmarza Pilar
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is increasing exponentially worldwide. DMT2 patients have been found to be at a higher risk for bone fractures than the healthy population. Hence, improving our understanding of the impact of antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism is crucial.

Methods

A descriptive, retrospective study involving 106 patients receiving six groups of antidiabetic drugs: insulin; dipeptidylpeptidase four inhibitors (DPP4i); glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor agonists (GLP1ra); sulfonylureas; sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitors (SGLT2i); and pioglitazone, in which osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1 or beta-crosslaps (β-CTx) were determined.

Results

β-CTx concentrations were higher in the patients treated with pioglitazone, as compared to patients treated with DPP4i (p=0.035), SGLT2i (p=0.020) or GLP1ra (p<0.001). The lowest β-CTx concentrations were observed in the patients treated with GLP1ra.

Conclusions

Bone remodeling is influenced by the type of antidiabetic drug administered to DMT2 patients. In our study, the patients who received pioglitazone showed higher β-CTx concentrations, as compared to patients treated with other types of antidiabetic drugs. This finding highlights the convenience of avoiding these drugs, especially in postmenopausal women with DMT2. GLP1ra drugs were associated with the lowest β-CTx concentrations, which suggests that these agents could exert beneficial effects on bone metabolism.
Observations of comet C/1652 Y1 recorded in Korean histories
Authors: Bahk Uhn Mee , Lee Ki-Won , Mihn Byeong-Hee , Kim Sang Hyuk
Published: April 2024

We report the Korean records for comet C/1652 Y1, which have not been introduced in previous studies on historical comets. According to Korean historical documents, this comet, described as bai xing (white star, in literal) or ke xing (guest star, in literal), was observed with the naked eye for 22 days from December 19, 1652 to January 9, 1653. In this study, we first cross-checked the records of comet C/1652 Y1 among Korean documents and presented the translations in the Appendix for future reference. We then compared the Korean observations with the orbital path determined from calculations using the orbital elements provided by Marsden (1983. Catalog of cometary orbit. Hillside: Enslow Publishers). We also compared the illustrations depicted by Weigelius and Schiltero (1653. Commentatio astronomica de cometa novo qui sub finem anni 1652 lumine sub obscuro nobis illuxit. Jenae: Typis Georgii Sengenvvaldi) and by Hevelius (1668. Cometographia, Totam Naturam Cometarum; Exhibens. Gedani: Typis Auctoris, & Sumptibus, Simon Reiniger). We found that the Korean observations show discrepancies with the orbital path calculated by Marsden and the illustration of Weigelius and Schiltero, particularly near the end of the observation period. In conclusion, we believe that this study will contribute to improving the orbital path calculation of comet C/1652 Y1.
Numerical and experimental analysis of ballistic performance in hybrid soft armours composed of para-aramid triaxial and biaxial woven fabrics
Authors: Pinkos Justyna , Stempien Zbigniew , Małkowska Magdalena
Published: April 2024

This article presents the results of numerical and experimental research on the ballistic performance of soft packages composed of biaxial and triaxial fabrics in various hybrid configurations. The main objective of these studies was to prove the hypothesis that a hybrid package composed of biaxial fabrics, on the impact side of a projectile, and triaxial fabrics, on the backside, exhibits greater ballistic efficiency than a package entirely composed of biaxial or triaxial fabrics. The research was conducted by shooting packages consisting of 30 layers of fabrics using a Parabellum 9 × 19 full metal jacket projectile, with a striking velocity of 380 m/s, after placing the packages on a Roma No.1 plasticine substrate. The analysis involved the deformation depth of the plasticine substrate and the perforation ratio of the packages. Optimisation studies revealed that the optimal package configuration should consist of 9 layers of biaxial fabrics on the projectile impact side and 21 layers of triaxial fabrics on the backside, indicating a biaxial to triaxial fabric ratio of approximately 1:3.
Government Spending Between Active and Passive Monetary Policy: An Invariance Result
Authors: Laumer Sebastian , Philipps Collin
Published: April 2024

This paper develops a new approach to analyze the relationship between the government spending multiplier and monetary policy. We embed measures of monetary policy activism into a nonlinear SVAR model. Our model allows the central bank to adjust its monetary policy regime in response to the economic conditions that arise after government spending shocks. We find that, regardless of the monetary policy regime at the time of a spending shock, the central bank adjusts its regime quickly and responds actively towards inflation only a few quarters after the shock hits the economy. This rapid response of monetary policy leaves medium-run multipliers ultimately unaffected by whether the initial regime was active or passive. For both initial regimes, our five-year multiplier estimates lie between 1.2 and 1.5. An apparent exception to this result is the zero lower bound period between 2008Q4 and 2015Q4-during which monetary policy kept nominal interest rates at zero. Our multiplier point estimates for that era are consistently larger than unity.
Two Young Observers at the WCC in The Hague Share Their Reflections
Authors: Kon Mattias Wei Ren , Teo Jovern , Fung Fun Man , Potgieter Marietjie
Published: April 2024

The IUPAC World Chemistry Congress (WCC) in The Hague attracted delegates from all locations and all ages to share exciting research, new insights and recent developments, and to build new relationships. Among them were two students from a STEM specialisation high school in Singapore who came to present a poster on their research project, Mattias Kon and Jovern Teo. They share their reflections on the experience in this article, conversing with Marietjie Potgieter, chair of the Committee on Chemistry Education.
Nationalism, Italy and the Exhibition of the Holocaust: Findings of a Study on the Recently built Museums of Campagna and San Donato
Authors: Posocco Lorenzo , Angeletti Valerio , Meghnagi Micol
Published: April 2024

In recent years, Italy has seen a proliferation of Holocaust Museums and Memorials. This article focuses on two recent additions: the Museum of the Twentieth Century and the Shoah in San Donato Val di Comino (Frosinone), and the Memory and Peace Museum Giovanni Palatucci Study Center in Campagna (Salerno). It uses qualitative methods including in-depth interviews, direct observation, analysis of information panels, other audio and visual elements, and is guided by a theoretical framework rooted in theories of nationalism. The research findings show that these museums present an overly positive narrative of Italy’s role in the Holocaust lacking critical examination and perpetuating the myth of the “good Italian” already identified by other scholars. The museums emphasize favourable conditions for Jewish internees without considering factual evidence that could have provided a more balanced perspective. Additionally, they fail to acknowledge Italian collaboration with Nazi Germany, both, at the exhibition sites and elsewhere. Both museums highlight a Christian salvific narrative, stressing the role of Christian Italians saving Jews, and perpetuating stereotypes of Jews as passive victims. Additionally, Jews are excluded from the notion of “Italianness” and portrayed as “others.” Also, fascism is excluded, deemed incompatible with the idealized Italian Christian civilization proposed by the museums.
Post-Pandemic Challenges of Textile Industry Workers in India: Analysis of Social Security Laws of Select Asian Countries
Authors: Gahlot Sheetal , Singh Kanwal D. P.
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic ensued a challenging period for global health; however, the loss of livelihoods throughout the lockdown also led to a significant economic issue that warranted a reassessment of the existing socio-economic structures. Manufacturing lines were severely impeded, particularly in the Indian textile industry, the second-largest employer and labour-intensive industry. The initial lockdown did not provide manufacturers enough time to prepare for the impending catastrophe, compelling many to shut down their operations. The above circumstances highlighted the lack of resilient social security laws in India.

Despite initiatives like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) scheme and other initiatives like grain distribution to families below the poverty line, lack of economic security came to the forefront. There is a need to have a competent social security legal framework in India to ensure economic stability for all that would fall in line with the noble ideas of the framers of the Constitution as enshrined in the Directive Principles of State Policy, the guiding light for all state action in India. India has not ratified the International Labour Organizations Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention of 1952. The focal area of the current research would be to look into the sufficiency of the legal framework (International and National) to protect the economic interests of the workers.

The authors examine the following: 1. Examine the Code on Social Security, 2020 passed by the Indian legislature interpreting it in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on textile manufacturing in India along with other steps initiated by the government for the textile industry. 2. Carry out a comparative analysis of the social security laws of other Asian countries (Bangladesh, Vietnam, and China) to carve out best practices that can be adopted in India. 3. Analyse and contrast the statistical data of the four predominant textile manufacturing and exporting economies on selected parameters.
A Study on the Analysis of Public User Expectations for the Metaverse Library Services
Authors: Noh Younghee
Published: April 2024

This study examined the possibility of applying the Metaverse concept to the library, and to this end, we investigated representative Metaverse implementation cases and library implementation cases, analyzed them comprehensively, and discussed the service direction to be pursued when Metaverse libraries are implemented. The results of the study found that: first, there were not many cases of research or construction on Metaverse libraries; and second, users have high expectations for Metaverse libraries. Users expect that when Metaverse libraries are established, there will be more services and programs available, and that cooperation and communication with the library will be smooth. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively utilize and supplement each of the advantages and disadvantages in connection with the current physical library.
Impact of multiple slips on thermally radiative peristaltic transport of Sisko nanofluid with double diffusion convection, viscous dissipation, and induced magnetic field
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , Akram Safia , Athar Maria , Saeed Khalid , Razia Alia , Al-Juaid J. G.
Published: April 2024

The analysis focuses on investigating the phenomenon of double-diffusive convection using the Sisko nanofluid model. It particularly highlights the impact of induced magnetic flux, viscous dissipation, and heat radiation within an asymmetric geometry having multiple slip conditions. To ascertain the salient of the Brownian diffusion coefficient and thermophoresis, we have incorporated viscous dissipation, heat radiation, and the Buongiorno model. The Soret and Dufour parameters describe the convective double diffusion phenomenon. The mathematical formulation is constructed through equations governing magnetic force function, concentration, temperature, momentum, and continuity. These formulations yield nonlinear partial differential equations to explain the designated flow. To simplify the nonlinear partial differential equations, the lubrication paradigm of mathematical simulations is employed. The subsequent system of coupled nonlinear differential equations is calculated numerically through the NDSolve function, which is a built-in program of Mathematica. Numerical results and graphs give evidence that supports the significance of different flow quantities in physiological contexts. The findings from this investigation are anticipated to contribute to the development of intelligent magneto-peristaltic pumps, particularly in thermal and drug administration applications. The current investigation suggests that the distribution of temperature reduces as the coefficient of radiation increases due to a system’s high heat emission and consequent effects of cooling. Furthermore, the increased influence of heat radiation raises the concentration profile. It is also highlighted that heat radiation has the potential to raise a fluid’s temperature, which raises the volume fraction of nanoparticles.
Conversion of elemental phosphorus under the electron beam irradiation
Authors: Tarasova Natalia , Zanin Alexey , Ponomarev Alexander , Toropygin Ilya , Krivoborodov Efrem
Published: April 2024

This research article describes the results of studies of the processes occurring under the electron beam irradiation of elemental phosphorus in an aqueous medium. Comparisons of the results of white phosphorus samples irradiation using electron accelerators with different technical parameters are presented. The structure of the obtained phosphorus-containing polymers was determined using MALDI mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence analysis. A scheme of the formation of macroparticles in the process of irradiation of elemental phosphorus by a beam of accelerated electrons in an aqueous medium is discussed.
Additive Effects of Monetary Loss and Positive Emotion in the Human Brain
Authors: Jaiswal Sagarika , Chakravarthula Lakshman N.C. , Padmala Srikanth
Published: April 2024

In many real-life scenarios, our decisions could lead to multiple outcomes that conflict with value. Hence, an appropriate neural representation of the net experienced value of conflicting outcomes, which play a crucial role in guiding future decisions, is critical for adaptive behavior. As some recent functional neuroimaging work has primarily focused on the concurrent processing of monetary gains and aversive information, very little is known regarding the integration of conflicting value signals involving monetary losses and appetitive information in the human brain. To address this critical gap, we conducted a functional MRI study involving healthy human male participants to examine the nature of integrating positive emotion and monetary losses. We employed a novel experimental design where the valence (positive or neutral) of an emotional stimulus indicated the type of outcome (loss or no loss) in a choice task. Specifically, we probed two plausible integration patterns while processing conflicting value signals involving positive emotion and monetary losses: interactive versus additive. We found overlapping main effects of positive (vs neutral) emotion and loss (vs no loss) in multiple brain regions, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, striatum, and amygdala, notably with a lack of evidence for interaction. Thus, our findings revealed the additive integration pattern of monetary loss and positive emotion outcomes, suggesting that the experienced value of the monetary loss was not modulated by the valence of the image signaling those outcomes. These findings contribute to our limited understanding of the nature of integrating conflicting outcomes in the healthy human brain with potential clinical relevance.
Imbalance in Glucose Metabolism Regulates the Transition of Microglia from Homeostasis to Disease-Associated Microglia Stage 1
Authors: Liu Yuxi , Kwok Witty , Yoon Hyojung , Ryu Jae Cheon , Stevens Patrick , Hawkinson Tara R. , Shedlock Cameron J. , Ribas Roberto A. , Medina Terrymar , Keohane Shannon B. , Scharre Douglas , Bruschweiler-Li Lei , Bruschweiler Rafael , Gaultier Alban , Obrietan Karl , Sun Ramon C. , Yoon Sung Ok
Published: April 2024

Microglia undergo two-stage activation in neurodegenerative diseases, known as disease-associated microglia (DAM). TREM2 mediates the DAM2 stage transition, but what regulates the first DAM1 stage transition is unknown. We report that glucose dyshomeostasis inhibits DAM1 activation and PKM2 plays a role. As in tumors, PKM2 was aberrantly elevated in both male and female human AD brains, but unlike in tumors, it is expressed as active tetramers, as well as among TREM2+microglia surrounding plaques in 5XFAD male and female mice. snRNAseq analyses of microglia withoutPkm2in 5XFAD mice revealed significant increases in DAM1 markers in a distinct metabolic cluster, which is enriched in genes for glucose metabolism, DAM1, and AD risk. 5XFAD mice incidentally exhibited a significant reduction in amyloid pathology without microglialPkm2. Surprisingly, microglia in 5XFAD withoutPkm2exhibited increases in glycolysis and spare respiratory capacity, which correlated with restoration of mitochondrial cristae alterations. In addition, in situ spatial metabolomics of plaque-bearing microglia revealed an increase in respiratory activity. These results together suggest that it is not only glycolytic but also respiratory inputs that are critical to the development of DAM signatures in 5XFAD mice.
Economic Simulation of Central Java: Indonesia’s Province-Based IRIO Analysis
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Azyzia Siti Hilmiati , Prayudya Daffa Rizqi
Published: March 2024

This study simulates increased sectoral investment in the economy of Central Java Province, Indonesia. Using output and household income indicators, several policy scenarios are applied to Indonesia's interregional input-output (IRIO) tables, including green economic scenarios.  The aim of this research is to identify the most impactful policy on the economy of Central Java based on the results of investment policy simulations. Investment injections are conducted in production sectors within Central Java and in sectors outside the province. By assessing the direct, indirect and induced effects on economic sectors and households, cross-sectoral insights for regional development policies, the simulation results show that the Central Java economy experiences the best impact in terms of sectoral household output and income levels. In IRIO analysis, this impact is seen as a multiplier effect from sectors within and beyond Central Java. The findings imply that policies focused on local sector development will generate the highest income levels and largest output multiplier for Central Java given the existing economic conditions, while green economic policies do not have insignificant economic impacts compared to non-green policies. It is crucial to develop additional policy scenarios targeting both local and non-local industries to obtain more sensitive simulation results.
Household Consumption and Electronic Money Transactions in Indonesia: VECM Approach
Authors: Azilla Widya , Novianda Besti
Published: March 2024

The high contribution of household consumption to GDP reflects the significant level of public consumption in Indonesia. This is evident from the annual increase in transactions through digital payment system, which facilitate easier for people to consume goods and services. Previous studies have offered various perspectives on the impact of electronic money transactions on household consumption, in both the short and long run. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between electronic money transactions and household consumption in Indonesia. By employing the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and examining data from 2009Q1 to 2022Q4, the study aims to provide insights into the dynamics of short-term and long-term relationships among electronic money transactions, household consumption expenditure, real income, and interest rates. Based on the results in the short term, it was found that electronic money and real income are positively related to household consumption expenditure in Indonesia. With the increase in electronic money transactions and people's income levels rising, households tend to spend more money, contributing to increased societal consumption. However, this positive relationship does not persist in the long term, suggesting that electronic money does not significantly impact household spending patterns over extended periods. Real income, on the other hand, continues to have a consistent effect in the long term. Furthermore, interest rates do not significantly influence consumption expenditure in either the short or long term. This implies that changes in interest rates do not notably affect consumer behaviour regarding spending habits in Indonesia.
Web-based elaborative feedback provision and the development of reading skills
Authors: Biresaw Atalay Lulie , Bogale Berhanu Haile
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out whether web-based feedback can improve students’ reading comprehension. Fifty first-year students participated in the study: 25 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. The study used a quasi-experimental design. Data was collected via a web-based reading comprehension test and a paper-based test. Moodle Cloud server was used to organize the training tasks and to administer the post-test for the experimental group. Data were analysed using mean, frequency, independent samples t-test, and paired samples t-test. The pre-test score indicated that students were at elementary comprehension level with a percentage of 34%, and 37% for the treatment and the comparison group, respectively. There was also a statistically significant mean difference in the post-test scores between the experimental and the control groups (t= 6.174, df= 48, and p= 0.000) with mean scores of 17.84 and 13.16, respectively. This shows that web-based feedback has significantly improved students’ reading comprehension.
Using Reflective Journal Writing to Develop Undergraduates’ Metacognitive Awareness in ESL Writing
Authors: Aliyu Muhammad Mukhtar , Ya'u Mohammed Sani , Yakubu Halima Sadiya , Jika Yusuf Muhammad , Jika Yusuf Muhammad , Jibril Ahmed Tanimu
Published: March 2024

Studies have shown that many undergraduates face various challenges in ESL writing, especially academic writing. Most of the students lack the basic knowledge and skills required for them to achieve their writing task which is known as metacognition. Therefore, this study employs a reflective journal writing strategy to develop undergraduates’ awareness of metacognition in ESL writing. The study adopts a pre-and-post quasi-experimental research design with an intact class of (87) third-year undergraduates in a creative writing class. The study employed two instruments for the data collection: a writing task and a metacognitive questionnaire. Both instruments were used before and after the reflective journaling for 12 weeks. The pre-and post-test mean scores of the two instruments were compared using a paired-sample t-test. The results of the study show a significant improvement in the participants’ metacognitive awareness level and writing skills after writing the reflective journals. The study makes some recommendations for further studies and practice.
The effect of vocabulary learning strategy training on vocabulary strategy use
Authors: Bayabel Abebaw Dessalew , Tahir Nuru Mohammed
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, it is recommended to train students on how to learn vocabulary, for it is not practicable to teach all the English language words. The purpose of this article was to find out the effect of vocabulary learning strategy training on vocabulary learning strategy use of university students. The research design used in this study was experimental. 40 students (20 students in each group) from both experimental and control groups completed the adapted Schmitt’s (1997) Vocabulary Learning Strategies Questionnaire (VLSQ) before and after the vocabulary learning strategy training. After the students completed the pre-training questionnaire, only the experimental group learners received vocabulary learning strategy training for 16 hours. The researcher prepared the vocabulary strategy training material by integrating the vocabulary lessons incorporated from different books. Paired samples t-test was computed on SPSS version 24 to find out if there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding vocabulary learning strategy use. The study found that the experimental group participants improved their vocabulary usage significantly better than the control group participants in the five among six major categories of vocabulary learning strategies (less than the p-value of 0.05). Future researchers can study the effect of training in learning strategies of other language skills and sub-skills and can improve their strategy usage. One of the significance contributions of this study could be curriculum designers might employ this article as an input to incorporate vocabulary learning strategies into English language training materials and improve students’ vocabulary strategy use.
Exploring assessment practices of teachers in Advanced Speech courses
Authors: Tessera Endalew Molla , Kassa Animaw Anteneh
Published: March 2024

In Ethiopia, there is a general public concern that most university students lack communicative competence, and hence they could not communicate effectively in English. There are many contributing factors to this and most of these factors are related either to the curriculum, the teaching-learning process, or the assessment practice. Only a few studies have been conducted on the assessment practice of speaking skills since most researchers have focused on the teaching-learning process. This inquiry was made to look into the practice of assessing the Advanced Speech course. Specifically, it focuses on the assessment methods employed by teachers, the extent of measuring the sub-skills of speaking, and the effectiveness of the feedback given by the teachers. Forty-three students and six teachers were included in the study.  Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observation, and document analysis. The findings revealed that not many assessment methods were employed to assess the students. Sixty percent of the assessment of the course was covered by written assignments and a written final exam. Only two individual and group presentations were given as practical assessments. In addition, the assessments did not measure the students’ accuracy, fluency, pronunciation, and vocabulary. In the end, the feedback provided to the students was not effective. Students were not given a chance to correct their own errors, and they were not allowed to practice peer correction, either.  This implied that teachers’ assessment practices were not effective to measure the students’ speaking performance in the intended manner and this is one of the factors that minimizes the quality of education.
“Teaching Unplugged”: An Approach For Designing An EFL Teacher Education at Disadvantaged Schools
Authors: Febrianto Aziza Restu , Pavita Maria Dimitrij Angie , Normawati Afi
Published: March 2024

Inspired by the approach of “Teaching Unplugged: Dogme in English Language Teaching” developed by Luke Meddings and Scott Thornbury, this theoretical research introduces and offers a conceptual design of teacher training intended to be relevant to novice Indonesian EFL teachers, especially those working at schools located in the most remote and disadvantaged areas of Indonesia. The training is designed based on the theoretical framework of the approach and critical reviews of several related empirical studies. This article, therefore, focuses on exploring the applications of the approach by examining some other research including the most recent ones about the approach, and investigating its relevance to the context of English education at the most disadvantaged schools in Indonesia. The practical stages and syllabus are also presented in the article so that both teachers as participants and teacher educators can easily follow and understand how the materials can be implemented in their teaching contexts. Considering the theoretical-based materials and well-planned activities that the training offers, novice EFL teachers, after completing the program, are expected to be able to improve their both language and pedagogical skills that are needed in their school contexts and in line with the recent curriculum, the Merdeka curriculum.
Parity of learning tasks in New Total English coursebooks
Authors: Abi Anandi David Geba , Mukarto Fransiskus Xaverius
Published: March 2024

Coursebooks have an essential function in language instruction since they function as not only the guidance for both educators and learners in conducting learning programs but also the primary source of learning materials and learning tasks. Nevertheless, language learning program provides an imbalanced opportunity to develop students’ language skills equally. This study sought to analyze the balance of the learning tasks in New Total English Coursebooks in terms of the four strands. The research question in this study was “From the perspective of the Four Strands, what is the frequency distribution of learning tasks in New Total English Coursebooks?” In order to answer the research question in this study, the researchers used content analysis. The total of 637 learning tasks were analyzed in this study from three coursebooks. In selecting the samples of learning tasks, the researchers applied stratified random sampling. The findings showed that the highest frequency of strand found was meaning-focused input with 28.08%. The fluency development strand occupies 25.79% and language-focused learning occupies 23.57% of the whole learning tasks. Lastly, the meaning-focused output had the lowest frequency with 22.54%. In conclusion, the coursebooks are proven to provide balanced distributions of the four strands. The findings of this study suggest that English instructors use the coursebooks in classrooms as they provide equal balance of the four strands.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN WARGA NEGARA BAIK DAN CERDAS
Authors: Prasetyo Danang , Danurahman Jeni , Hermawan Hendra
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan warga negara yang baik (good citizen) melalui penyelenggaraan mata kuliah PKn yang sesuai dengan Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Kajian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan rumusan penyelenggaraan mata kuliah pendidikan kewarganegaraan yang ideal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dan fokusnya adalah memperdalam pemahaman manajemen pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam proses pencapaian warga negara yang baik dan cerdas (smart and good citizens) yang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PKn merupakan ilmu yang perlu dipelajari untuk membentuk warga negara yang baik, cerdas, ideal, berbakat yang berdasarkan ideologi Pancasila. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan memiliki tujuan membentuk warga negara yang baik yang meliputi tiga aspek yaitu civics knowledge, civics skills, civics disposition. Upaya pembentukan warga negara yang baik dan cerdas melalui pendidikan kewarganegaraan dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pemahaman terhadap pengetahuan yang menekankan pembentukan sikap kejujuran, integritas, disiplin, dan kerja keras guna menjadi bangsa yang berkarakter dan berdaya saing.

 

This research aims to determine the process of forming a good citizen through the implementation of civics courses in accordance with Pancasila and the UUD NRI 1945. This study is expected to be able to provide a formulation for the implementation of an ideal civic education course. This research is a qualitative research, and the focus is to deepen the understanding of civic education management in the process of achieving smart and good citizens. The results showed that Civics is a science that needs to be studied to form good, smart, ideal, talented citizens based on the Pancasila ideology. Citizenship education has the goal of forming good citizens which includes three aspects, namely civics knowledge, civics skills, civics disposition. Efforts to form good and smart citizens through civic education can be carried out by providing an understanding of knowledge that emphasizes the formation of honesty, integrity, discipline and hard work in order to become a nation with character and competitiveness.
BENTENG CEPURI KOTAGEDE SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH DALAM MATA PELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Arrazaq Naufal Raffi , Hasan Renol , Tasnur Irvan
Published: March 2024

Kajian mengenai Benteng Cepuri sebagai sumber belajar sejarah pada mata pelajaran IPS belum dilakukan secara mendalam oleh peneliti terdahulu. Tujuan penelitian ialah menganalisis keterkaitan Benteng Cepuri Kotagede dengan mata pelajaran IPS. Metode penelitian ialah kualitatif dengan data studi pustaka. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menguraikan data Benteng Cepuri Kotagede dan dikaitkan Kompetensi Dasar (KD) mata pelajaran IPS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Benteng Cepuri Kotagede berpotensi digunakan sebagai sumber belajar sejarah dalam mata pelajaran IPS. Benteng Cepuri Kotagede memiliki keterkaitan dengan mata pelajaran IPS kelas VII SMP/MTs KD 3.4., yang mengulas kronologi kehidupan Bangsa Indonesia masa Islam. Salah satu peninggalan masa Islam ialah Benteng Cepuri Kotagede dari masa Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Pendidik dapat mengkaitkan antara KD, indikator, dan tujuan pembelajaran IPS dengan nilai-nilai kesejarahan dan arkeologi Benteng Cepuri Kotagede. Materi yang dapat dikembangkan dari Banteng Cepuri Kotagede ialah tata kota, teknologi, riwayat bencana, serta pelestarian peninggalan sejarah dan arkeologi.

 

The study of Cepuri Fort in Kotagede as a source of historical learning in social studies subjects has not been carried out in depth by previous researchers. The purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship between Cepuri Fort in Kotagede and social studies subjects. The research method is qualitative with literature study data. Data analysis was carried out by outlining the data of Cepuri Fort in Kotagede and attributed it to the basic competencies (KD) of social studies subjects. The results showed that Cepuri Fort in Kotagede has the potential to be used as a source of learning history in social studies subjects. Cepuri Fort in Kotagede is related to the social studies class VII subject of SMP/MTs KD 3.4., which reviews the chronology of the life of the Indonesian nation during the Islamic period. One of the relics of the Islamic period is the Cepuri Fort in Kotagede from the time of the Mataram Islam Kingdom. Educators can relate the KD, indicators, and objectives of social studies learning with the historical and archaeological values of Cepuri Fort in Kotagede. The materials that can be developed from Cepuri Fort in Kotagede are urban planning, technology, disaster history, and preservation of historical and archaeological relics.