bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Novel Microsatellite Markers in the Omei Treefrog (Rhacophorus omeimontis)
Authors: Zhao Mian , Zhang Ruiping , Li Chenliang , Mu Taiyang , Wei Shichao , Li Xiong , Wu Hua
Published: January 2012

Eleven novel microsatellite markers were developed and characterized for the Omei treefrog (Rhacophorus omeimontis) using the fast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats method. Polymorphism of each locus was tested in 24 individuals from two wild populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 15, the average observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.250 to 0.839 and from 0.562 to 0.914, respectively. Two of the 11 microsatellite loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Two locus pairs showed significant linkage disequilibrium. Neither evidence of scoring error due to stuttering nor evidence of large allele dropout was found at all of the 11 loci, but evidence of null alleles was indicated at two loci because of general excess of homozygotes for most allele size classes. These polymorphic loci will be useful markers in studying mate choice of the Omei treefrog.
Solution Properties of Water-Soluble “Smart” Poly(N-acryloyl-N′-ethyl piperazine-co-methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Deen G. Roshan
Published: January 2012

Water-soluble copolymers of N-acryloyl-N′-ethylpiperazine (AcrNEP) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) were synthesized to high conversion by free-radical solution polymerization. The composition of the copolymers was determined using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR). Copolymers containing AcrNEP content above 44 mol% were readily soluble in water and exhibited the critical solution temperature behavior. The copolymers were strongly responsive to changes in pH of the external medium due to the presence of tertiary amine functions that could be protonated at low pH. The influence of various factors such as copolymer composition, pH, temperature, salt and surfactant concentration on the LCST of the copolymers were systematically studied. The intrinsic viscosity of the copolymers in dimethyl formamide decreased with increase in temperature due to a decrease in thermodynamic affinity between polymer chains and solvent molecules. The viscosity behavior of the copolymers in sodium chloride solution was similar to that of classical polyelectrolytes and hydrophobically modified polyacrylate systems.
Exploring Transduction Mechanisms of Protein Transduction Domains (PTDs) in Living Cells Utilizing Single-Quantum Dot Tracking (SQT) Technology
Authors: Suzuki Yasuhiro
Published: January 2012

Specific protein domains known as protein transduction domains (PTDs) can permeate cell membranes and deliver proteins or bioactive materials into living cells. Various approaches have been applied for improving their transduction efficacy. It is, therefore, crucial to clarify the entry mechanisms and to identify the rate-limiting steps. Because of technical limitations for imaging PTD behavior on cells with conventional fluorescent-dyes, how PTDs enter the cells has been a topic of much debate. Utilizing quantum dots (QDs), we recently tracked the behavior of PTD that was derived from HIV-1 Tat (TatP) in living cells at the single-molecule level with 7-nm special precision. In this review article, we initially summarize the controversy on TatP entry mechanisms; thereafter, we will focus on our recent findings on single-TatP-QD tracking (SQT), to identify the major sequential steps of intracellular delivery in living cells and to discuss how SQT can easily provide direct information on TatP entry mechanisms. As a primer for SQT study, we also discuss the latest findings on single particle tracking of various molecules on the plasma membrane. Finally, we discuss the problems of QDs and the challenges for the future in utilizing currently available QD probes for SQT. In conclusion, direct identification of the rate-limiting steps of PTD entry with SQT should dramatically improve the methods for enhancing transduction efficiency.
Analysis of the Genome of the Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus Helicoverpa zea Nudivirus 2
Authors: Burand John P. , Kim Woojin , Afonso Claudio L. , Tulman Edan R. , Kutish Gerald F. , Lu Zhiqiang , Rock Daniel L.
Published: January 2012

The sexually transmitted insect virus Helicoverpa zea nudivirus 2 (HzNV-2) was determined to have a circular double-stranded DNA genome of 231,621 bp coding for an estimated 113 open reading frames (ORFs). HzNV-2 is most closely related to the nudiviruses, a sister group of the insect baculoviruses. Several putative ORFs that share homology with the baculovirus core genes were identified in the viral genome. However, HzNV-2 lacks several key genetic features of baculoviruses including the late transcriptional regulation factor, LEF-1 and the palindromic hrs, which serve as origins of replication. The HzNV-2 genome was found to code for three ORFs that had significant sequence homology to cellular genes which are not generally found in viral genomes. These included a presumed juvenile hormone esterase gene, a gene coding for a putative zinc-dependent matrix metalloprotease, and a major facilitator superfamily protein gene; all of which are believed to play a role in the cellular proliferation and the tissue hypertrophy observed in the malformation of reproductive organs observed in HzNV-2 infected corn earworm moths, Helicoverpa zea.
Reliability Sensitivity Analysis of Bearing-Rotor System Based on the Dynamic Coefficient
Authors: Zhao Qun Chao , Zhang Yi Min
Published: January 2012

According to components reliability sensitivity theory methods, looking upon the dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic lubrication sliding bearing as the target for study, doing some reliability sensitivity analysis for the bearing-rotor system instability issues, numerical simulation results are given though analyzing. The outcome of the dynamic performance index is proposed based on the sliding bearing selection method for engineering practice to the selection of the radial journal bearing and provides a theoretical basis for overall design of shafting.
Development of Discoid Products Stacking Machine Based on PLC
Authors: Zheng Wen Guang , Xu Ze Ning , Yu Xiao Guang
Published: January 2012

Binding the actual production of one sporting goods factory, in order to meet the needs of automatic production line of shooting flying saucer, the discoid products stacking machine was developed based on PLC, carried out mechanical system design of discoid products stacking machine and control system development based on PLC. After production testing proved reasonable structure of mechatronics systems, easy to operate, reliable, able to meet the requirements of automated production, with a strong practical and innovative, have some application value.
Structural Optimization of Variable Section Slender Manipulator Based on Sensitivity Analysis Method
Authors: Luo Zhong , Liang Le , Chen Yan Yan , Wang Fei
Published: January 2012

A parameter optimization method based on sensitivity analysis is presented for the structural optimization of variable section slender manipulator. Structure mechanism of a polishing robot is introduced firstly, and its stiffness model is established. Then, a design sensitivity analysis method and a sequential liner programming (SLP) strategy are proposed. In the beginning of the optimization, the design sensitivity analysis method can be used to select the sensitive design variables which can make the optimized results more efficient and accurate. And then, it can be used to improve the convergence during the process of the optimization. The design sensitivities are calculated using the finite difference method. The search for the final optimal structure is performed using the SLP method. Simulation results show that the structure optimization method is effective to enhance the stiffness of the manipulator, no matter when the manipulator suffers constant force or variable force. This work lays a theoretical foundation for the structural optimization for such manipulators.
Ant Colony Intelligence in Flexible Manufacturing Scheduling Using Contract-Net Model
Authors: Wei Ying Zi , Feng Yi Jun , Gu Kan Feng
Published: January 2012

This paper builds an efficient agent-based flexible scheduling for real-world manufacturing systems. Considering the alternative processes and alternative machines, the allocation of manufacturing resources is achieved through negotiation among the job and machine agents in a multi-agent system (MAS). Ant Colony Intelligence (ACI) is proposed to be combined with Contract Net Protocol (CNP) so as to make agents adaptive to changing circumstances. ACI is integrated into both machine agents and job agents to solve the task allocation and sequencing problem. CNP is introduced to allow the agents to cooperate and coordinate their local schedules in order to find globally near-optimal robust schedules. The negotiation protocol is an interactive bidding mechanism based on the hybrid contract net protocol. The implementation of the issues using CNP model is discussed. Experimental results verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm integrated with ant-inspired coordination.
A New Dynamic Version Control Method Oriented the Complex Product
Authors: Ma Ming Xu , Mao Xin , Zhang Qing Chun
Published: January 2012

There are a lot of dynamic changing problems for design version in the complex product design process. We have study a dynamic version control technology for result it. Firstly, we have researched the three level version control model, including the complex product structure layer, the node version tree layer and the version structure layer. Secondly, we have researched the version control model operations, including the version structure operations and the version operations, and analyzed the implementation of the version generation function and the version mergence function. Finally, the method has been applied and verified in the development of an aircraft flight loads integrated design platform.
Synchronic Fuzzy Control of Master and Slave Arc in Twin-Wire Pulsed Metal Active Gas Welding
Authors: He Kuan Fang , Wu Ji Gang , Xiao Si Wen
Published: January 2012

This research aims at the retention of the stability of arcs in twin-arc pulsed metal active gas welding process. That is, a correction-factor fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is designed to keep the stability of arcs of twin-arcs pulsed metal active gas welding (MAG) process. In the controller, the peak arc voltage of the master welding power is controlled by the pulse base time with means of feed back of arc voltage. The peak arc voltage of slave welding power is controlled by the wire feeding speed with means of feed back of peak arc voltage. The adjusting fuzzy control rule with correction factor is introduced to design for controlling rule and table, and the FLC is realized in a Look-Up-Table (LUT) method. With the controller, the arc length can be kept stable in welding process. Experimental results are provided to confirm the effectiveness of this approach.
Optimization Algorithm of Matrix Riccati Differential Equation and Application
Authors: Hou Xiang Lin , Huang De Sheng , Chen Cong
Published: January 2012

To the matrix Riccati differential equation, based on dynamic design Variables Optimization Method, making unknown element of Riccati matrix as design variables, square sum of defined summation matrix element as objective function, a kind of new optimization Method about element of Riccati matrix orders is built. Universal program is formed. Practical examples are computed. Effectiveness is shown through result. The method is a new thinking for computing high order matrix Riccati Differential equation and obtaining control parameters.
Dynamic Design and Computer Imitation of Belt Conveyor with Horizontal Curves
Authors: Wang Dan , Song Wei Gang , Liu Jie
Published: January 2012

The dynamic design of a large belt conveyor with horizontal curves was studied in this paper. The method of calculating its running resistance was obtained by analyzing the orienting force and resistance on the curving parts of the belt conveyors. Dynamic equation of belt conveyor with horizontal curves by using discrete finite element model was established integrating the line-running parts and the curve-running parts. Additionally, dynamic analysis software of belt conveyor with horizontal curves was developed. Through simulation on real time system, start-up process and braking process were analyzed. The deviation of the belt was analyzed based on the tension, and the effect of curve running on belt conveyor was discussed.
Structure Analyses and Flow Rate Model of Peristaltic Pump of Cement Foaming Machine
Authors: Wu Xiue , Cui Qing Zhu
Published: January 2012

With the constant development in the fields of Greenness, Environmental Protection and Energy Conservation all over the world, the improvement of foam cement technology is to bring about a revolution in the architectural material industry. The main component of the cement foaming machine is the delivery pump system, in which the peristaltic pump is the most important part. In this thesis, on the bases of study of peristaltic pump in imported machines, mathematical models are made and an approximate calculation of flow rate of the peristaltic pump is given through exhaustive analyses of the structure and the changes in the cross section before and after compression rolling. This research will also make it possible to analyze the pressure in the exit of the pump and deduce the power needed by the driven peristaltic pump according to the factors like the calculation of on-way pressure loss with the consideration of working altitude. This research is expected to provide a theoretic principle for the development of cement foaming technology.
The Research on Single-Disc Rotor Nonlinear Vibration Model and Mechanism
Authors: Wu Min , Yang Jin Fu
Published: January 2012

Based on mechanical properties of rotor nonlinear vibration and the assumption of large deformation, the rotor nonlinear vibration model in the form of Duffing equation is constructed from typical engineering problems. According to analytical solutions of Duffing equation, system’s equivalent frequency and frequency response equation are derived. Furthermore, the influences of stiffness, damping and nonlinear components are studied. The single-disc rotor nonlinear vibration experimental results verify the rationality and efficiency of nonlinear vibration model’s construction and Duffing equation’s analytical solution and frequency response equation. The mechanisms of resonance, amplitude jump and hysteresis are also revealed. It provides a new research method for rotor vibration characteristics analysis.
Stress Analysis on Saw Blade of Hot Sawing Machine
Authors: Xiang Ying Hua , Yu Xiao Guang
Published: January 2012

In this paper, static force analysis of saw blade before and after saw blade becoming thinner is done with FEM software connecting with the production practice of hot sawing machine. The intensity reliability theoretically after saw blade becoming thinner is proved. Polynomial regression for the equivalent stress on circular saw blades along radial direction were finished by the software MATLAB and different stress regression curve are got. Thereby, stress distribution law of whole saw blade was found. The result provides for theoretical basis for the further improvement of hot saw blade.
Compressive Strength Estimation of Recycled Coarse Aggregate Concrete Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity
Authors: Lee Yong Taeg , Hong Seong Uk , Jang Hyun Suk , Baek Sang Ki , Cho Young Sang
Published: January 2012

National effort to recycle construction waste as structural concrete usage of high economic value is ongoing, but performance rate of recycling is a low-level due to a lack of awareness on the recycled aggregates. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to verify the structural applicability of recycled aggregates. This study compared a compressive strength based on the replacement ratio of natural aggregate and recycled aggregate, and analyzed a correlation of wave velocity due to the increase in compressive strength under the same condition. The 『design standard strength – replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate』 was set to total 12 combinations by applying 0, 30, 50, 100[%] replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate to 21, 27, 35[MPa] to the design standard strength. During the experiment of fracture strength, strength degradation due to the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate did not occur, and it was found that the wave velocity also increased along with an increase in strength due to the age of recycled coarse aggregate concrete.
A Study on Static Calibration Method for Pressure Sensor Based on Static Pressure Calibration Device
Authors: Xiong Xian Feng , Shang Fei , Kong De Ren
Published: January 2012

In this paper, a static pressure calibration device is designed and the method of static calibration with piezoelectric pressure sensors is discussed. According to the theory of PASCAL law, the static calibration device is developed, whose stress ratio is up to 1:25. And this device has been accredited by the authorities. To ensure the consistency of pressure calibration, the improvements on calibration device’s output are made. As a result, we can calibrate up to four sensors at the same time. By means of the pressure calibration device, the calibration method of pressure sensor, the calibration theory, system components and calibration procedures is given. As the test results shown, the corresponding sensors’ static calibration linearity is 0.05%, and its uncertainty is 0.42%. It’s practicable and reliable to make static calibration to sensors by the pressure calibration device.
The Automatic Analysis System of the Main Beam of Horizontal Directional Drilling Based on APDL
Authors: Han Ze Guang , Han Tao , Hao Rui Qin , Yang Jian Feng , Li Zhi Wei
Published: January 2012

The Directional Drilling has been extensively applied in Construction of Highway along with popularizing the Trenchless Technology. The main problem is lower efficiency and design level. In this paper, the automatic analysis system of the main beam, which is a critical component of Horizontal Directional Drilling, has been developed based on ANSYS and APDL, which is a advanced and commercial software. In this system, the processes, such as the modeling, analysis, and optimum of main beam, are automatic completed by modular and packaging technology. Using this system, the quickly design of main assembly unit about Horizontal Directional Drilling can be easily achieved under whole operating conditions. The system reliability and rationality are also put to the proof by some examples. This system has the merits of friendly interface and easily operation, and is an effectual means solving complex mechanical component design.
Metal Magnetic Memory Testing of X60 Pipeline Steel under Tension Load and Fatigue Load
Authors: Liu Shu Jun , Li Zhu Xin , Su Yi
Published: January 2012

To study the relation between stress and the Metal Magnetic Memory Testing (MMMT) signal Hp(y) of ferromagnetic structure, a material mechanics experiment using X60 pipeline steel specimens under tension load and fatigue load is performed. The results show: The value of MMMT signal in elastic stage is small under tension load, while the value of MMMT signal in plastic stage is large. In the process of static tension, the zero crossing point (ZCP) of initial MMMT signal curves shift to the fracture position, and there is only one ZCP of MMMT signal curve at the position of fracture area. In the process of low-load fatigue, the shape and distribution of MMMT signal curves are similar under different cycle numbers of fatigue load. The value of MMMT signal increases a little with the increase of cycle number of fatigue load, and then increases sharply when the specimen is to be fractured. There is only one ZCP of MMMT signal curve at the position of fracture area in the process of fatigue loading.
Investigation of Array Magnetic Memory Testing Technology on Extension of Metal Crack
Authors: Zhang Wei Min , Chen Cheng Feng , Li Hao Yan , Liu Shu Xuan
Published: January 2012

Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM) testing method has its own effective and unique advantages on the research of extension of metal crack. The array magnetic memory testing sensor designed and assembled in accordance with specific conditions, could evidently enhance testing-efficiency, such as for components with complex shape or large surface area, and may simplify the test equipment correspondingly. A kind of array magnetic memory sensor with Hall elements as core components was designed and an experiment on metal magnetic memory testing on extension of metal crack was executed. The experiment results indicate that the magnetic memory testing technique could effectively monitor and qualitatively evaluate the progress of metal crack extension.
Controlling Track Coalescence Using Improved JPDA Filter
Authors: Zhu Min , Xu Yi Bing , Fan Zhong Shan , Ma Jun Sheng
Published: January 2012

In this paper a modified JPDA algorithm to avoid track coalescence is proposed. An exclusive measurement is defined for every target in the new algorithm, and with other targets will be pruned, which resists two or more targets share the same measurement as a key measurement and avoids track coalescence. The simulation results show that the new algorithm can effectively solve track coalescence problem in all kinds of scenarios, while keeping a high tracking performance.
Research on Rotating Modulated Strap-Down Inertial Navigation System Based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Sensors (RMSINS)
Authors: Xu Tao , Wang Bin , Wang Xue Yun
Published: January 2012

Advanced development of an Inertial Navigation System (INS) using rotating modulated technique based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors is described. The system architecture and the mechanical structure are detailed. Alignment and navigation algorithms apposite to the RMSINS system are derived. Preliminary system static navigation experiment results are presented. Performance results show that rotating modulated technology, with appropriate navigation algorithm, makes it possible to use the MEMS sensors in SINS system, with the benefit of reducing system costs as well as improving accuracy.
Numerical Solution of Heat Transfer for Single and Multi-Metal Pan
Authors: Dardashti Behnam Nilforooshan , Sedighi Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2012

The quantity and quality of heat transfer to food are important factors in cookware. They depend on temperature degree and Temperature Distribution (TD) on top surface of pan that is exposed to food. The heat is not uniformly spread over the pan so is appeared hot spots on the cooking surface. Using Multi-Layer Plate (MLP) causes regular TD on the top while bottom heated irregularly. Another significant properties in cookware is that how long it can stores heat and using non-reactive materials is another essentially consideration. In this study the main objective is to find the best structure (single or multi-layer) and the best metals to provide maximum temperature and uniform TD upside surface of pan and also analyzing transient behavior of used materials with goal of improving the thermal quality of pan to economize the energy. To achieve this aim were employed Finite Element Method (FEM). The analysis has been extended for Copper, Aluminum, Titanium, Stainless Steel in composite form and Grey cast iron, Iron, Carbon steel as single layer, we achieved the best TD on Cu/Ti MLP.
Study of Windage Effects due to Flow Induced Vibration of Flex on Head Stack Assembly
Authors: Nabudda Kriengkrai , Limtragool Jumlong , Piyasin Surasith
Published: January 2012

In the present work the configuration of 3.5 inch hard disk drives disk rotating at 10,000 rpm was modified by attaching a spoiler to reduce windage on HDD rotation. Hard disk drives were analyzed using two models. In one model the attached spoiler was on the front surface of the Head Stack Assembly (HSA) while in the other the attached spoiler was on the back surface of the HSA. Flex is estimated using a hexahedron mesh. The resulting maximum transient structure total deformation is 875 nm at time 4 ms with no attached spoiler and minimum transient structure total deformation is 385 nm at time 2 ms with a spoiler attached to the front surface HSA. Modified 3.5 inch hard disk drives with an attached spoiler on the front surface HSA gave better results than other models.
Research on Workflow-Based Manufacturing Information Active Sharing Mechanism
Authors: Du Lei
Published: January 2012

A workflow-based manufacturing information active sharing mechanism and method is proposed. RDF/S（Resource Description Framework/Schema）is taken as the tool to describe the information needs, which is stored in an independent space so as to increase its configurability. The information requirement, context and quality information index are unified into a system-level hierarchical structure of ontology. By the parsing of information requirement based on rule and context, the directive and information resources which is required in the activities of manufacturing management process, can be delivered to activity executive simultaneously
Theoretical Study on the Dynamic Separation of Two Microplates with an Intervening Liquid Meniscus
Authors: Wang Le Feng , Rong Wei Bin , Guo Bin , Shao Bing
Published: January 2012

The dynamic separation of two parallel microplates with an intervening liquid meniscus is studied theoretically. The dynamic model considering the meniscus force and the viscous force between the plates in the separation process was developed. With typical simulation parameters, the magnitudes of various forces were compared before the separation of two parallel plates occurs. It was found that the meniscus force decreases gradually with the increase of separation distance. However there is a sudden jump of the viscous force before it gradually increases, then it decreases dramatically. The influences of various parameters on the separation time were investigated. It was found that the separation time increases with the mass of the upper plate, surface tension, viscosity and volume of the liquid. The separation time decreases with the initial distance and the contact angles of the liquid.
Friction and Wear Behaviors of Al2O3 Based Ceramic Tool Materials at Temperatures up to 800°C
Authors: Zhang Hui , Deng Jian Xin , Lian Yun Song
Published: January 2012

The friction and wear behaviors of Al2O3/TiC ceramic tool materials were evaluated at temperature up to 800°C. The friction coefficient and wear rates were measured. The microstructural changes and the wear surface features were examined. Results showed that the temperature had an important effect on the friction and wear behaviors of Al2O3/TiC ceramics. The friction coefficient decreased with the increase of temperature, while the wear rates increased with the increase of temperature. The difference of the worn surface features of the Al2O3/TiC ceramics at different temperature is related to the chemical transformation during sliding wear tests. The wear mechanism of the composites at temperature less than 400°C was primary abrasive wear, and the mechanisms of oxidative wear dominated in the case of 800 °C sliding operation.
Self Adaptive Integral-Type Sliding Mode Control for Supporting Structure of a Magnetic Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Zhang Xu Dong , Wu Guo Qing , Mao Jing Feng , Yang Kun
Published: January 2012

Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) plays one of the important roles in wind power equipments. When joining the magnetic levitation technology, the VAWTs can effectively reduce the friction torque to improve startup performance and increase the power coefficient. At the same time, the mechanical vibration can be reduced, and its actual functioning time can be extended. In this paper, the structure, working principle and mathematical model were introduced respectively with an intention to present the magnetic supporting structure of a VAWT. Then the self adaptive integral-type sliding mode control (AISMC) was offered and designed. Compared with convention-al PID control, the simulations show that the system under the AISMC control has a better dynamic response and robust characteristic.
Study of Manufacturing Defects and Tool Geometry Optimisation for Multi-Material Stack Drilling
Authors: Benezech Laurent , Landon Yann , Rubio Walter
Published: January 2012

In the aeronautic industries, composite materials are increasingly being used for structural parts. Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) are often used in combination with metallic materials, mostly aluminium alloys. This raises new problems in aircraft assembly when it comes to machining the holes for thousands of fasteners. The preferred method for this is a one-shot drilling-reaming-countersinking operation usually using a power tool and with the need to respect tight dimensional and geometric specifications. The solutions proposed so far with existing cutting tools, involving reduced feed rate, are unsatisfactory from an economic point of view. This study first focuses on identifying machining defects and difficulties encountered during drilling of aluminium/CFRP stacks. Then, based on the results of different works on drilling [1,3], an experimental study is proposed to define the critical macro-and micro-geometric parameters of a carbide drill. The criteria relate to the fragmentation of the metallic chips, burr avoidance and zero damage to the CFRP. The first results obtained with the new generation cutters developed show the importance of a constant axial rake angle and of the tool point angle in the chip fragmentation phenomenon but also in preserving the health of the CFRP material. The influence of the constant rake angle on the axial forces generated is also shown. Finally, an optimal combination of the tool geometrical parameters is achieved in order to obtain the expected results.
Dynamic Behavior Analysis for a Six Axis Industrial Machining Robot
Authors: Bisu Claudiu , Cherif Mehdi , Gerard Alain , K'nevez Jean Yves
Published: January 2012

The six axis robots are widely used in automotive industry for their good repeatability (as defined in the ISO92983) (painting, welding, mastic deposition, handling etc.). In the aerospace industry, robot starts to be used for complex applications such as drilling, riveting, fiber placement, NDT, etc. Given the positioning performance of serial robots, precision applications require usually external measurement device with complexes calibration procedure in order to reach the precision needed. New applications in the machining field of composite material (aerospace, naval, or wind turbine for example) intend to use off line programming of serial robot without the use of calibration or external measurement device. For those applications, the position, orientation and path trajectory precision of the tool center point of the robot are needed to generate the machining operation. This article presents the different conditions that currently limit the development of robots in robotic machining applications. We analyze the dynamical behavior of a robot KUKA KR240-2 (located at the University of Bordeaux 1) equipped with a HSM Spindle (42000 rpm, 18kW). This analysis is done in three stages. The first step is determining the self-excited frequencies of the robot structure for three different configurations of work. The second phase aims to analyze the dynamical vibration of the structure as the spindle is activated without cutting. The third stage consists of vibration analysis during a milling operation.
Quality Detection of Punched Sheets with Circle Fitting Based-On Machine Vision
Authors: You Fu Cheng , Chen Yu Jie
Published: January 2012

Detection of quality is a necessary procedure in the processing of machining punched sheets. It includes detection of the size of the holes and the distance of neighbored holes on the punched sheets and other machining parameters. Detection completed by workers is the traditional method which is low precision and low efficiency. According to the requirement of real industrial production this paper approaches a detection system based on machine vision which is used to detect the machining quality of punched sheets. The system is including the methods of detection of sub-pixel edge and circle fitting, and is used to improve the precision of detection. Experiment suggests that the detection result of this system is better.
Multi-Objective Scheduling Based on Weighted Combination of Heuristic Rules and the Simulation Method
Authors: Ma Li Mei , Li Jian Yong , Xu Wen Sheng , Kong Ling Jun
Published: January 2012

The soft (logical) reconfiguration mainly include re-programming of machines, re-scheduling, including re-planning, re-routing and increasing/decreasing of shifts or number of workers according to task changes. In order to solve multi-constrains and multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP), a multi-objective and real-time scheduling algorithm was presented based on resource configuration, task constrains and scheduling objectives. It overcomes the traditional difficulty to find optimal combined heuristic rules for multi-objective, meanwhile keeps the simpleness of the scheduling rules. Finally, Flexsim software modeling and simulation method was used to validate its feasibility and effectiveness. At the same time, resource configuration schemes were generated based on the presented algorithm and the optimal scheme was selected. The results obtained from the computational study have shown that the proposed algorithm is a viable and effective approach for the multi-objective FJSP
Discrimination of Internal Wall Thinning in Pipeline with PPP-BOTDA Based Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors
Authors: Wang Guo An , Zhang Hao
Published: January 2012

In this paper, the new developed PPP-BOTDA based distributed optical fiber strain sensors are used to monitor wall thinning in pipeline. Furthermore, according to the sensing behavior of PPP-BOTDA, a damage detection method is proposed, by using the measured strain distribution of PPP-BOTDA, the thinning area in pipeline wall can be located and quantified by proposed method, furthermore, the accuracy of proposed method is evaluated.
On the Basis of Forest Volume Expansion Method to Predict the Carbon Sink Potentiality in Daxing'anling
Authors: Huang Ying Li , Cheng Li Hong , Li Xiao Qiang
Published: January 2012

The carbon sink function of nurturing forest and artificial forest have special important status in ecological protection and economic construction.This article calculates carbon sink potentiality of nurturing forest and artificial forest in Daxing'anling combining afforestation area data since "Natural Forest Protection II",applying forest volume expansion method and combining carbon sequestration function of forest. The result shows that the carbon sink potentiality in Daxing'anling is considerable.If we can explore its potential carbon value ,it will be a new source of revenue which will be a new solution to resource, environment and economy crisis.
Electron Spin Relaxation in Semiconductor Quantum Wells
Authors: Wu Yu , Shou Qian
Published: January 2012

The dependence of electron spin relaxation on the carrier density are investigated based on the D’yakonov-Perel relaxation mechanism. Experimental results obtained by using femtosecond pump-probe technique in AlGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum wells at room temperature show that the spin relaxation time increases from 58 to 82ps at carrier density of 1×1017 to 1×1018cm－3 consistent with the theoretical prediction. This result reveals that with the increment of the carrier density, the spin orbit interaction reduces due to the more frequent momentum scattering and the spin relaxation time prolongs
Shape Optimizing Design of Kiewiti Spherical Reticulated Shell
Authors: Lu Xiao Yang , Zhao Xiao Wei , Huang Li Li , Wang Qing , Wang Chao
Published: January 2012

With gross weight minimum of reticulated shell (including elements and nodes) as the objective function, with cross section size of elements, the volume of spherical nodes and shell shape parameter (kn, nx) as design variables, a two-level shape optimizing mathematical model of spherical reticulated shell, which is based on discrete variables, is established, and the corresponding optimizing design programmes are made. Model establishing with modeling macro program of spherical reticulated shell parameterization, using ANSYS software for the structure force analysis, this programme has the characteristics of high optimizing efficiency with multiple designing schemes, and high analyzing and computing accuracy. Some practical and valuable conclusions are reached by the analysis and comparisons of optimizing design results of 42 Kiewit spherical reticulated shells with six kinds of span and seven kinds of rise-span ratios
The Optimization of EB Flatform with Dynamic Cache
Authors: Wang Xin
Published: January 2012

With the development of Electronic Business, It is very necessary to optimize EB platform based on dynamic cache. Based the features and performance requirements of EB site, we can set a cache server in front of Web server to speed up the response speed of user access by the dynamic content caching; and through certain strategies to ensure that the replacement and updating of the content from user is the latest, it will improve Web server running under the peak load capacity, and reduce latency dynamic content access, so it is a good solution to optimize EB platform.
Application of Electrohydrodynamic Drying Technology in Sludge
Authors: Bai Ya Xiang , Shi Hua , Yang Ya Xin
Published: January 2012

Sludge were dried in an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying equipment at 22±1 °C, in an hot air at 60 °C, and in ambient air at 22±1 °C, The energy consumption and the drying rate of EHD and hot air drying were measured. At the same time, the drying rate and moisture content data were performed using linear and non-linear regression analysis to estimate a suitable model. The results indicated that the drying rate of sludge significantly improved using the EHD drying system. Compared with hot air drying, EHD drying was more efficient in terms of energy saving.
Influences of Aeration and pH on Activities of HZSM-5 Supported TiO2
Authors: Li Feng Qi , Zhang Wen Jie
Published: January 2012

Aeration and pH of methyl orange solution were adjusted to investigate the influences on photocatalytic degradation activities of TiO2/HZSM-5. Degradation rate was enhanced when applying air into the solution. When air flow rate increased from 0 to 150 ml/l, methyl orange degradation rate increased from 47% to 55%. Further increase of air flow rate had nearly no influence on degradation rate. Degradation rate performed strong dependence on pH value of methyl orange solution. Acidic situation was favorable for methyl orange degradation, whereas methyl orange degradation in basic situation was comparatively weak. Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange decreased with increasing of pH value.
Microstructure and Stress Variation of Semisolid 7A04 Alloy during Isothermal Compression
Authors: Yang Hui , Tian Wen Tong
Published: January 2012

The microstructure and stress variation of semisolid 7A04 alloy have been studied through unconstrictive isothermal compressing test. The results show that the relationships between true stress and true strain at different deformation temperatures and strain rates are the same, and the peak stress in the curve of true stress and true strain mainly depends on deformation temperature and strain rate. Analysis on the microstructure of compressive specimen demonstrates that segregation of liquid-solid phase is mainly affected by strain rate and deformation temperature. There are mainly two kinds of flow in liquid phase: either from the region with relatively large hydrostatic compressive stress to the region with relatively small hydrostatic compressive stress or from the grain boundaries perpendicular to the compressive axis to the grain boundaries with a certain directional angle to the compressive direction. Based on the above results, the microstructure and stress variation mainly depend on deformation temperature, strain rate and stress state.
Design of Automatic Steam Boiler Heated by Electricity
Authors: Yang Qing Xuan , Wang Xiao Jun
Published: January 2012

Fuel of traditional steam boiler is coal, oil and friendly primarily,but detrimental to environmental and ecological protection , in order to resolve this contradiction, adopting way of heated by electricity,the paper mainly makes discuss about structure and design of electrical control of automatic steam boiler heated by electricity,it is a new environmental protection product, possessing promotion value.
Fabrication of Micro-Precision Sieves with High Open Area Percentage Using Micro-Electroforming Technology
Authors: Ming Ping Mei , Li Y.J. , Wang Y.L. , Jiang W.J.
Published: January 2012

Precision metal sieve-sheets are one of the key components of several high-tech products. Fabrication of the precision sieve-sheets possessing high open area percentage, large thickness and good quality simultaneously has always been a tickler in micro-machining area. In this paper, aiming to manufacture micro-sieves with open areas of about 90% and good quality, micro-electroforming was taken as a major process means, and the technical points and technical difficulties of some key process steps in the preparation of micro-precision sieves were explored emphatically. Meanwhile, operational conditions were optimized and major technological parameters were selected optimally. Using the optimal conditions as well as the optimum parameters, two specifications of hexagon micromesh sieve-sheets whose side length, open-area percent and sheet-thickness was 210μm, 88%, (120±3)μm and 520μm, 92%, (100±2)μm, respectively, were successfully obtained. The electroformed sieves are characterized by flat and smooth surfaces of aperture walls, sharp edge definition, rigid and homogeneous structures and well-distributed mesh.
Grey New Information Unbiased GRM(1,1) Model Based on Accumulated Generating Operation in Reciprocal Number and its Application
Authors: Xiao W.Y. , Luo Y.Y. , Che Xiao Yi
Published: January 2012

Monotonically decreasing sequence data for the traditional modeling method using the gray model accuracy is not high , and GM (1, 1) modeling method has inherent deviation , Model does not meet the compatibility condition, using Accumulated Generating Operation in reciprocal number ,make best use of last information and GM (1, 1) modeling , is deduced and the parameters optimization grey derivative calculation formula ,and then established GRM(1,1) based on accumulated generating operation in reciprocal number on the equidistance, Gray provides a new method of modeling . Data processing examples show that the model's practicality and reliability.
Research Progress on Thermal Insulation Materials
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhang Jian Min , Tang Qing Guo
Published: January 2012

Research progress of thermal insulation materials was briefly reviewed and discussed based on the classification of obstructive insulation, reflective insulation, and radiative insulation materials. Research orientations related to thermal insulation materials were also proposed.
Preparation and Characterization of Activated Sericite Modified by Fluorosilicate
Authors: Xu Xia , Ding Hao , Wang Yue Bo , Liang Yu , Jiang Wei
Published: January 2012

The structure of sericite is stable, and it is hard to prepare polymer layered silicate nanocomposites (PLSN). Therefore, structural modification was employed to activate sericite to reduce the layer charger. The thermal treated sericite (S1) was prepared by thermal modification at 800 for one hour. Then, the resulting product was modified with sodium fluorosilicate, whose effect was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The dissolving-out amount of Al3+ of salt-treated product (S2) reached circa 2.55 mg/g at the optimal processing conditions. CEC of S2 was increased to 10.52 meq/100g compared with that of original sericite (4.94 meq/100g). The results of XRD analysis indicated that mica-type phase persisted after salt modification with sodium fluosilicate.
Adaptive Slicing for Fused Deposition Modeling and Practical Implementation Schemes
Authors: Singamneni Sarat , Joe Roger Anak , Huang Bin
Published: January 2012

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most popular Rapid Prototyping (RP) techniques. Initially used as means of producing 3D prototypes aiding in rapid product development, FDM found a significant application in medical models and with machine and material improvements is currently destined to be a true manufacturing process, challenging some of the traditional approaches. The material characteristics and part qualities however, are inferior, considering the heterogeneous structures characterized by the air gaps resulting from raster orientations. Current research is focused on improving the mesostructure through appropriate deposition schemes, adaptive slicing being one of the approaches. This paper reviews some of the adaptive slicing schemes and discusses software and hardware developments undertaken for the practical implementation of one of the schemes for producing test parts.
A Novel Particle Swarm Method to Evaluate the Effect of Science and Technology Innovation in Agriculture
Authors: Sun Yong Zhen , Li Xiao Juan , Ren Yong Mei , Liu Zhi Bin
Published: January 2012

The science and technology innovation in agriculture has the essence characteristic of high rentability, agricultural regionalism and the long time lag. The effect evaluation of agricultural science and technology innovation is to seek for the optimal solution, is also the misalignment mapping. This paper constructs the evaluating index system to reflect the innovation effect from system angle, proposes a novel particle swarm method which uses the randomness, the rapidity and the global characteristics to obtain the pheromone distribution, and has the faster velocity of convergence. The effect evaluation of 12 samples shows that the results given by this model are reliable, and this method to evaluate the effect of agricultural science and technology innovation is feasible.
Crushed Run Rock Subcrust Material and Construction Control Technology Research
Authors: Liu Zhao Hui , Sun Xiao Xiao , Qin Ren Jie , Yuan Peng
Published: January 2012

In order to settle the influence easily on the foundation soil of high liquid limit red clay by free water in Southern hot and humid regions, and to increase the carrying capacity of the foundation soil, combined with ning (yuan) - dao (county) highway entity engineering, the thought was put forward that to construct the 20cm thick graded crushed rock subcrust (crushed run rock) on the top of the roadbed finish machining area, and analyze the strength forming principle of the crushed run rock subcrust ,and make the mix design, then get the optimum water content and the quality control standard, and propose the key technology of the crushed run rock subcrust’s construction through the experimental road paving experience.
Optimization of Tensile Properties of Epoxy/Nanoclay/MWNT Nanocomposites by Taguchi Method
Authors: Ku Ahmad Ku Zarina , Sahrim Ahmad Haji , Tarawneh Mou'ad A. , Apte Prakash R.
Published: January 2012

In this study, nanoclay and multi-wall carbon nanotubes have been used as a dual filler in an epoxy matrix. In the design of the experiment (DOE) the Taguchi Method was selected to study the effect of the factors involved in this study. The effect of the clay/MWNT ratio, types of solvent, clay cation, composition of LENR, cure time and cure temperature on tensile properties of the epoxy nanocomposites were investigated. The confirmation experiment obtained from Taguchi analysis, achieved 57% improvement in tensile strength. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of intercalated and aggregated structures. Due to the lower crosslink density of the system, a decrease in decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature was observed in the optimum sample.