bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘No matter if your son has the time or not, you still get sick’: understanding unmet healthcare needs among older people in China
Authors: Gao Qian , Prina Matthew , Huang Yueqin , Liu Zhaorui , Rozanova Julia , Mayston Rosie
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to explore the experience of living with unmet healthcare needs and to understand the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of older people and family caregivers in China. The study was nested within the 10/66 Dementia Research Group LIFE2YEARS project. We conducted in-depth interviews with 62 participants, using a narrative approach, and carried out thematic analysis. We found that older people’s experiences of unmet needs were inextricably linked to their relationships with their adult children and unfulfilled expectations of filial piety and familial support in older age. Older people desired both emotional and practical support from family members in relation to health and healthcare in order to support their navigation of health systems, which they perceived to be increasingly complex. Family support was the key means of support that older people looked to in order to address their needs for care, which were insufficiently met by the state. Unfortunately, at the same time that older people perceived the health system to be ever more impenetrable, there was a growing dislocation between their expectation of filial piety and the level of emotional, practical and financial support younger generations were able to provide. There is a need to develop community-based support to plug the gaps between what governments and families are able to provide.
Enhanced microvascular imaging through deep learning-driven OCTA reconstruction with squeeze-and-excitation block integration
Authors: Rashidi Mohammad , Kalenkov Georgy , Green Daniel J. , McLaughlin Robert A.
Published: August 2024

Skin microvasculature is essential for cardiovascular health and thermoregulation in humans, yet its imaging and analysis pose significant challenges. Established methods, such as speckle decorrelation applied to optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans for OCT-angiography (OCTA), often require a high number of B-scans, leading to long acquisition times that are prone to motion artifacts. In our study, we propose a novel approach integrating a deep learning algorithm within our OCTA processing. By integrating a convolutional neural network with a squeeze-and-excitation block, we address these challenges in microvascular imaging. Our method enhances accuracy and reduces measurement time by efficiently utilizing local information. The Squeeze-and-Excitation block further improves stability and accuracy by dynamically recalibrating features, highlighting the advantages of deep learning in this domain.
In silico full-angle high-dynamic range scattering of microscopic objects exploiting holotomography
Authors: Kang Seung Kyu , Kim Kyoohyun , Jeong Jinsoo , Hong Sunghee , Park YongKeun , Shin Jonghwa
Published: August 2024

Accurate optical characterization of microscopic objects is crucial in academic research, product development, and clinical diagnosis. We present a method for obtaining full and high-dynamic range, angle-resolved light scattering attributes of microparticles, enabling distinction of variations in both overall morphology and detailed internal structures. This method overcomes previous limitations in observable scattering angles and dynamic range of signals through computationally assisted three-dimensional holotomography. This advancement is significant for particles spanning tens of wavelengths, such as human erythrocytes, which have historically posed measurement challenges due to faint side-scattering signals indicative of their complex interiors. Our technique addresses three key challenges in optical side-scattering analysis: limited observational angular range, reliance on simplified computational models, and low signal-to-noise ratios in both experimental and computational evaluations. We incorporate three-dimensional tomographic complex refractive index data from Fourier-transform light scattering into a tailored finite-difference time-domain simulation space. This approach facilitates precise near-to-far-field transformations. The process yields complete full-angle scattering phase functions, crucial for particles like Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized erythrocytes, predominantly involved in forward scattering. The resultant scattering data exhibit an extreme dynamic range exceeding 100 dB at various incident angles of a He-Ne laser. These findings have the potential to develop point-of-care, cost-effective, and rapid malaria diagnostic tools, inspiring further clinical and research applications in microparticle scattering.
SESAM-assisted Kerr-lens mode-locked Cr:ZnS laser
Authors: Kowalczyk Maciej , Davydenko Ivan , Sotor Jaroslaw
Published: August 2024

Mode-locking in Cr:ZnS/Se lasers typically relies on Kerr-lensing (KLM) or semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). The former allows generation of shorter pulses, but, unlike the latter, does not support self-starting mode-locking. Here, we combine the advantages of these two techniques and demonstrate the first SESAM-assisted KLM Cr:ZnS laser. Our self-starting oscillator generates up to 1 W of average power with 54 fs pulses at a central wavelength of 2360 nm. We identify a general limitation for further pulse shortening in SESAM mode-locked Cr:ZnS/Se lasers, which is related to the finite operation bandwidth of the semiconductor absorbers. In our experiment, we fully exploit the potential of commercially available GaSb SESAMs and fill their entire reflection bands. Furthermore, we compare the performance of a SESAM-assisted KLM laser with a pure KLM oscillator producing broadband, yet not self-starting, 33 fs pulses with 780 mW power. We also show that the choice of saturable absorbers has a negligible impact on the laser intensity noise, which is record-low for Cr:ZnS/Se oscillators with sub-0.005 % integrated noise.
Numerically efficient coherent mode representations for partially coherent beams with separable phases
Authors: Hyde Milo , Rickenstorff Carolina
Published: August 2024

We present a method to numerically compute the coherent mode representations (CMRs) for partially coherent beams with separable phases. This special class of random light field has the ability to self-focus and is resistant to turbulence-induced degradation, making it potentially useful in applications such as optical communications. We validate our method by generating (in simulation) two such sources from the literature using their computed CMRs. Lastly, we conclude with a summary of our approach and a discussion of potential applications.
Strain variation and anomalous climate synergistically influence cholera pandemics
Authors: Rodó Xavier , Bouma Menno Jan , Rodríguez-Arias Miquel-Àngel , Roy Manojit , De Yebra Pau , Petrova Desislava , García-Díez Markel , Pascual Mercedes
Published: August 2024

Background

Explanations for the genesis and propagation of cholera pandemics since 1817 have remained elusive. Evolutionary pathogen change is presumed to have been a dominant factor behind the 7th “El Tor” pandemic, but little is known to support this hypothesis for preceding pandemics. The role of anomalous climate in facilitating strain replacements has never been assessed. The question is of relevance to guide the understanding of infectious disease emergence today and in the context of climate change.

Methodology/principal findings

We investigate the roles of climate and putative strain variation for the 6th cholera pandemic (1899–1923) using newly assembled historical records for climate variables and cholera deaths in provinces of former British India. We compare this historical pandemic with the 7th (El Tor) one and with the temporary emergence of the O139 strain in Bangladesh and globally. With statistical methods for nonlinear time series analysis, we examine the regional synchrony of outbreaks and associations of the disease with regional temperature and rainfall, and with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). To establish future expectations and evaluate climate anomalies accompanying historical strain replacements, climate projections are generated with multi-model climate simulations for different 50-year periods.

The 6th cholera pandemic featured the striking synchronisation of cholera outbreaks over Bengal during the El Niño event of 1904–07, following the invasion of the Bombay Presidency with a delay of a few years. Accompanying anomalous weather conditions are similar to those related to ENSO during strain replacements and pandemic expansions into Africa and South America in the late 20th century. Rainfall anomalies of 1904–05 at the beginning of the large cholera anomaly fall in the 99th percentile of simulated changes for the regional climate.

Conclusions/significance

Evolutionary pathogen change can act synergistically with climatic conditions in the emergence and propagation of cholera strains. Increased climate variability and extremes under global warming provide windows of opportunity for emerging pathogens.
Comparing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent versus adult mothers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Onuzo Chibuikem N. , Sefogah Promise E. , Damale Nelson K. , Boafor Theodore K. , Swarray-Deen Alim , Mumuni Kareem
Published: August 2024

Objective

Adolescent pregnancy is a major social and public health problem that burdens affected families, the communities and societies globally. It has been associated with a higher prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to pregnancy in adults. To compare adverse pregnancy outcomes in adolescents (13–19 years) and those in adults (20 to 35 years) at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana and investigate the associated factors among adolescents.

Methods

This comparative study involved 110 adolescents (13–19 years) and 220 adults (20 to 35 years) who delivered at the Maternity Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital between November 2016 and February 2017. Participants were recruited using the convenience sampling method. After study protocol was explained to the parturient, informed voluntary consent and assent were obtained. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were recruited in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, antenatal and delivery records; and maternal and perinatal outcomes were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and the participants’ records. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0.

Results

The prevalence of adolescent pregnancies during the study period was 5.1%. Compared to adults, adolescents were about 3 times more likely to have eclampsia although preeclampsia occurred more in adults. Adolescents that resided in sub-urban dwellings were more likely to have an adverse perinatal outcome compared to their adult counterparts.

Conclusion

Our study found that, in addition to their socioeconomic and biophysical disadvantages, adolescents were likely to have exceptionally high risk of eclampsia.
Comparative analysis of the liver transcriptome in the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) post exposure to noise
Authors: Ma Guangwei , Zuo Ziye , Li Handong , Zhai Xiaofei , Wang Tongliang , Wang Jichao
Published: August 2024

Exposure to noise can cause non-auditory health problems and has been widely studied in mammals such as rats and rabbits. However, the non-auditory effects of noise exposure on reptiles (such as red-eared sliders) remain unclear. In this study, we determined the noise exposure-induced transcriptomic changes in the liver of red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) using Illumina Novaseq6000 sequencing technology. The transcriptome analysis identified 176 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism. KEGG analysis showed that by affecting the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway these DEGs increased lipid synthesis and decreased lipid oxidation. The Oil Red O staining results validated our data that noise exposure increased hepatic lipid deposition. Thus, noise exposure may lead to lipid accumulation and toxicity, mitochondrial damage, and accelerated oxidative stress. Our findings provide insights into the molecular process underlying non-auditory damage caused by noise exposure in T. scripta elegans.
Multichannel ballistocardiography: A comparative analysis of heartbeat detection across different body locations
Authors: Ladrova Martina , Barvik Filip , Brablik Jindrich , Jaros Rene , Martinek Radek
Published: August 2024

The paper presents a validation of novel multichannel ballistocardiography (BCG) measuring system, enabling heartbeat detection from information about movements during myocardial contraction and dilatation of arteries due to blood expulsion. The proposed methology includes novel sensory system and signal processing procedure based on Wavelet transform and Hilbert transform. Because there are no existing recommendations for BCG sensor placement, the study focuses on investigation of BCG signal quality measured from eight different locations within the subject’s body. The analysis of BCG signals is primarily based on heart rate (HR) calculation, for which a J-wave detection based on decision-making processes was used. Evaluation of the proposed system was made by comparing with electrocardiography (ECG) as a gold standard, when the averaged signal from all sensors reached HR detection sensitivity higher than 95% and two sensors showed a significant difference from ECG measurement.
SFC active reconfiguration based on user mobility and resource demand prediction in dynamic IoT-MEC networks
Authors: Guo Shuang , Liu Liang , Jing Tengxiang , Liu Huan
Published: August 2024

To achieve secure, reliable, and scalable traffic delivery, request streams in mobile Internet of Things (IoT) networks supporting Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) typically need to pass through a service function chain (SFC) consisting of an ordered series of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs), and then arrive at the target application in the MEC for processing. The high mobility of users and the real-time variability of network traffic in IoT-MEC networks lead to constant changes in the network state, which results in a mismatch between the performance requirements of the currently deployed SFCs and the allocated resources. Meanwhile, there are usually multiple instances of the same VNF in the network, and proactively reconfiguring the deployed SFCs based on the network state changes to ensure high quality of service in the network is a great challenge. In this paper, we study the SFC Reconfiguration Strategy (SFC-RS) based on user mobility and resource demand prediction in IoT MEC networks, aiming to minimize the end-to-end delay and reconfiguration cost of SFCs. First, we model SFC-RS as Integer Linear Programming (ILP). Then, a user trajectory prediction model based on codec movement with attention mechanism and a VNF resource demand prediction model based on the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network are designed to accurately predict user trajectories and node computational and storage resources, respectively. Based on the prediction results, a Prediction-based SFV Active Reconfiguration (PSAR) algorithm is proposed to achieve seamless SFC migration and routing update before the user experience quality degrades, ensuring network consistency and high quality service. Simulation results show that PSAR provides 51.28%, 28.60%, 21.75%, and 16.80% performance improvement over the existing TSRFCM, DDQ, OSA, and DPSM algorithms in terms of end-to-end delay reduction, and 33.32%, 18.94%, 67.42%, and 60.61% performance optimization in terms of reconfiguration cost reduction.
Validity testing of the Korean version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) and its application in people with chronic diseases
Authors: Seo Yon Hee , Osborne Richard H , Kwak Yeunhee , Ahn Jung-Won
Published: August 2024

Health literacy plays a crucial role in promoting and maintaining the health of patients with chronic illnesses. Therefore, adequate assessments and the application of interventions based on people’s health literacy strengths, needs, and preferences are required to improve health outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometrical properties of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) in Koreans with chronic diseases. Data were collected from 278 patients (57.04±15.22 years) diagnosed with chronic disease, including kidney disease, hypertension, and diabetes, who visited the outpatient clinic of a university hospital from June to December 2020. For validity assessment, construct, convergent, and discriminant validities were evaluated, along with the HLQ reliability using Cronbach’s α. One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate mean differences in the HLQ scale scores based on patients’ characteristics. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that all items were loaded on their respective factors. The model fit of a full nine-factor CFA model showed satisfactory or better fit compared with nine one-factor CFA model; χ2WLSMV (866) = 576.596 (p < .001), comparative normed fit index of 1.000 (reference: >0.950), Tucker–Lewis index of 0.981 (reference: >0.950), root mean square error of approximation of 0.066 (reference: <0.080), and standardized root mean square residual of 0.055 (reference: <0.080). All scales demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ≥.757). Sociodemographic characteristic variables with significant score differences in HLQ scores were reported across nine scales, with the level of education and income showing significant score differences in 8 and 6 scales, respectively. This study revealed that the Korean version of the HLQ has many strong measurement properties among patients with chronic diseases. The validation indicated the HLQ as a robust tool that is used cross-culturally and is recommended for use in the Korean population.
Risk and resilience-based restoration optimization of transportation infrastructures under uncertainty
Authors: Lin Juanjuan , Hu Qizhou , Lin Wangbing , Tan Minjia
Published: August 2024

Disruptive events cause decreased functionality of transportation infrastructures and enormous financial losses. An effective way to reduce the effects of negative consequences is to establish an optimal restoration plan, which is recognized as a method for resilience enhancement and risk reduction in the transportation system. This study takes the total travel time as the resilience measure to formulate a bilevel optimization model for a given scenario. However, the uncertainties involved in restoration activities cannot be overlooked. In this context, the inherent uncertainty is represented with a set of scenarios generated via the Latin hypercube technique. To assess the risk under uncertainty, a conditional value at risk with regret (CVaR-R) measure is introduced when considering the existence of worst-case scenarios. Then, the bilevel programming model is transformed from the deterministic case to the stochastic case, where the upper-level problem determines the restoration sequence to minimize CVaR-R and the lower-level problem is a traffic assignment problem. An integrated framework based on a novel genetic algorithm and the Frank—Wolfe algorithm is designed to solve the stochastic model. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the properties of the proposed bilevel programming model and the performance of the solution algorithm. The proposed methodology provides new insights into the restoration optimization problem, which provides a reference for emergency decision-making.
Chronobiological perspectives: Association between meal timing and sleep quality
Authors: Yan Li-Ming , Li Hai-Jun , Fan Qi , Xue Yi-Dong , Wang Tao
Published: August 2024

Background

Meal timing has been associated with metabolism and cardiovascular diseases; however, the relationship between meal timing and sleep quality remains inconclusive.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the relationship between meal timing and sleep quality from a chronobiological perspective.

Methods

This study utilized data from the NHANES for the years 2005–2008, including a cohort of 7,023 participants after applying exclusion criteria. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Meal timing was analyzed based on two 24-hour dietary recalls from each individual, considering the timing of the initial and final meals, meal duration, and frequency of meal occasions. Multiple linear regression models and hierarchical analyses were employed to examine the relationship between meal timing and PSQI scores, adjusting for various demographic and habitat covariates.

Results

Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between delayed meal timings, increased meal occasions, and elevated PSQI scores, indicating that later meal timing are intricately linked with diminished sleep quality. Both later meal timings and more frequent meal occasions were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality. Compared to the first tertile, the β (95%CI) values of the third tertile were 0.545 (0.226, 0.864) for first meal timing, 0.586 (0.277, 0.896) for midpoint meal timing, 0.385 (0.090, 0.680) for last meal timing, and 0.332 (0.021, 0.642) for meal occasions in the adjusted models.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that late initial, midpoint, and final meal timing, as well as more frequent meal occasions, are chrono-nutrition patterns associated with poor sleep quality.
The Iraqi youth October 2019 Uprising (Tishreen intifada): Reality and prospects
Authors: Jawad Saad Naji , Al-Assaf Sawsan Ismael
Published: August 2024

In October 2019, massive demonstrations swept Baghdad and southern Iraqi provinces. These demonstrations differed from earlier ones, in terms of duration, number of casualties and excessive methods used to silence them. This article analyses what became known as the Tishreen Uprising, or intifada, its causes, achievements and prospects. The Uprising was a peaceful rejection of the occupation, the quota system, the sectarian and racial policies applied, corruption and, above all, foreign intervention, mainly by the United States and Iran. This article will concentrate on the development of the events and their effects on Iraqi politics and way of life. It will also try to show the Uprising’s unique characteristics, such as the heavy involvement of young women, the role of the religious institution in Najaf (al-Hawza) and the fact that it mainly swept the predominantly Shi‘i provinces. Finally, the article will show the successes and failures of the Uprising, its future and the prospects of it flaring up again.
Conserving goat sperm post-thawed gene expression and cellular characteristics using the antioxidant coenzyme Q10 supplementation
Authors: Oktanella Yudit , Mustofa Imam , An-Haru Fahrunnisak Al-Firda Razak , Putri Desinta Dwi Melati , Hendrawan Viski Fitri , Susilowati Suherni , Degu Nurhusien Yimer , Hernawati Tatik
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim: The use of frozen goat semen for artificial insemination frequently results in a decline in sperm quality following thawing, which can be attributed to cold shock from cryopreservation, reduced motility, and possible DNA damage. Freezing may compromise mRNA stability due to the presence of free radicals. Despite strong post-thaw motility and no visible DNA fragmentation, sperm can still exhibit altered gene expression patterns. To reduce the damaging impact of free radicals during cryopreservation, antioxidants are typically added to the freezing medium. This study assessed the impact of adding coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to frozen sperm diluent on the ATP5F1A and CPT2 gene expression, sperm motility, and viability post-thawing.

Materials and Methods: CoQ10 was added to sperm at six different concentrations: 0 mg/dL (P0), 6.25 mg/dL (P1), 12.5 mg/dL (P2), 25 mg/dL (P3), 50 mg/dL (P4), and 100 mg/dL (P5). The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22 was used to conduct comparative tests using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s test for motility and viability and Kruskal–Wallis test followed by pairwise comparison test for membrane integrity and gene expression.

Results: The addition of CoQ10 to semen diluent has a notable impact on the post-thawed quality of sperm. The most significant outcomes were observed with a 25 mg/dL dosage (P3) for cell viability, membrane integrity, and ATP5F1A gene expression, and with a 50 mg/dL dosage (P4) for sperm motility, membrane integrity, and CPT2 gene expression.

Conclusion: Incorporating CoQ10 into frozen semen diluent improves gene expression and prevents deterioration of the cell quality of thawed goat spermatozoa. While the study demonstrates the benefits of CoQ10, the precise molecular mechanisms through which CoQ10 enhances gene expression and cell quality were not fully elucidated. Further investigation is needed to understand these mechanisms in detail. Comparative studies with other antioxidants and cryoprotectants can help establish the relative efficacy of CoQ10 and potentially develop more effective combinations.

Keywords: antioxidant, gene expression, goat sperm, semen diluent.
Epizootiological monitoring of wolf helminths in Northern and Central Kazakhstan
Authors: Uakhit Rabiga , Smagulova Ainura , Lider Lyudmila , Leontyev Sergey , Kiyan Vladimir
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim: Wolves (Canis lupus) play a role in nature, including the regulation of the number of ungulates and the use of dead animals. In addition, wolves are a natural link and carrier for the spread of many parasitic invasions. Hence, the main task in preventing the spread of parasitic invasions is to regulate the wolf population. This study aimed to monitor the endoparasitological fauna of wild wolves inhabiting Northern and Central Kazakhstan.

Materials and Methods: Overall, 81 wolves were investigated for parasitic worms using the K. I. Scriabin method. Wolf intestinal materials were collected from the following six regions: North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, Kostanay, Akmola, Ulytau, and Karaganda. The genetic diversity of the parasites was identified using a polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. After data collection, a comprehensive statistical analysis was performed.

Results: Several helminth types were identified in wolves, including Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena, Mesocestoides spp., Toxascaris leonina, Trichinella nativa, Alaria alata, and Dirofilaria repens. Based on the results of this study, young male wolves aged 1–4 years were the most vulnerable to helminthiasis. Wolves living in steppe and semi-desert regions are often exposed to helminth infections. The prevalence of T. nativa in the wolves was 20.4%. This study also revealed the presence of echinococcosis among wolf populations in Karaganda and Kostanay, with prevalence rates of 4.1% and 4.7%, respectively. The overall prevalence of tapeworms in wolves was 54.3%.

Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of understanding the potential risks associated with helminth infections in wild carnivores because helminths can act as disease reservoirs and pose a threat to humans, livestock, and other wild carnivores. These results can contribute to the development of effective control and management strategies for helminth infections in wolves, which can infect humans and livestock.

Keywords: Echinococcus, epidemiology, helminth prevalence, Kazakhstan.
Resiliência emocional na educação empreendedora: A prática educacional do empreendedorismo artístico
Authors: Ávila Alexandre , Davel Eduardo
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Entender a resiliência emocional na perspectiva da educação empreendedora a partir de uma experiência de educação empreendedora nas artes. Metodologia/abordagem: Metodologia qualitativa, indutivo e narrativa. Uso de diferentes fontes de informações (documentos, observação direta, vídeos e entrevistas semiestruturadas) e da análise de narrativas. Principais resultados: Elaboração conceitual de quatro contextos educacionais emocionalmente desafiadores e cinco práticas educacionais para o desenvolvimento da resiliência emocional. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Propomos novas reflexões acerca dos contextos e suas práticas no âmbito da educação empreendedora, bem como reflexões específicas para o campo da educação empreendedora nas artes, promovendo uma educação empreendedora mais atual, sofisticada e abrangente, através da qual a capacidade de ser emocionalmente resiliente torne-se uma prioridade. Relevância/originalidade: Apesar da importância da resiliência emocional para o empreendedorismo, até então, o tema encontra-se subestimado pelas pesquisas sobre educação empreendedora. Contribuições sociais: Ao estimular o refinamento conceitual da educação empreendedora, a partir do conceito de resiliência emocional, contribuímos para o avanço das pesquisas sobre empreendedorismo, para a prática do empreendedorismo artístico e para o desenvolvimento da economia criativa.
Reforma Constitucional de Jujuy (2023) y Derecho a la Consulta Libre, Previa e Informada
Authors: Leguizamón Salvatierra María Belén , Fernandez Almeida Victoria
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo indagar en torno a la implementación del derecho a la consulta libre, previa e informada durante el proceso de reforma constitucional parcial de la provincia de Jujuy que se llevó a cabo durante septiembre del 2022  y junio de 2023. 
El análisis lo realizaremos teniendo en cuenta el desarrollo del contenido y alcance del derecho a la consulta libre, previa e informada de pueblos indígenas, que se encuentra en los instrumentos de derechos humanos, que tienen jerarquía constitucional, y que a la vez fue interpretado y desarrollado por diferentes órganos de los tratados, tanto en el sistema interamericano de derechos humanos (SIDH) como en el sistema universal de derechos humanos (SUDH).
Para esto identificamos y presentamos tres instancias de análisis dentro del proceso de reforma constitucional de Jujuy: una primera etapa durante la sanción de la ley de necesidad de reforma; la segunda etapa la elección de Convencionales Constituyentes y, la tercera etapa la discusión en comisiones, que coinciden con el proceso constitucional previsto en la Constitución de 1986. 
Recurrimos a información recolectada de los medios periodísticos provinciales como nacionales, la documentación presentada en procesos judiciales iniciados en el marco de la reforma y reportes de campo de observaciones realizadas durante el proceso.
Relaciones y actos cooperativos en el derecho argentino: conceptos y efectos
Authors: Scaglia Agustín , Perot Nicolás
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo busca examinar el concepto y desarrollo del acto cooperativo en el marco del Derecho Argentino. Luego de un repaso de aspectos principales de las cooperativas como entidades de la Economía Social y su naturaleza privada, reconocida en el Código Civil y Comercial, se analiza la definición del acto cooperativo y su regulación legal, subrayando su importancia en las “relaciones jurídicas cooperativas”. Se aborda el desplazamiento del “derecho común” en presencia de un acto cooperativo por las reglas y principios propios del derecho cooperativo. La jurisprudencia analizada ilustra la relevancia de reconocer la naturaleza asociativa de las relaciones entre socios y cooperativas. El artículo concluye destacando la necesidad de comprender el acto cooperativo como un elemento esencial en la interpretación jurídica de las relaciones cooperativas.
REASONS FOR FORMATION OF COUNTER COMMODITY FLOWS IN INTERNATIONAL CHAINS OF GOODS SUPPLY
Authors: Bobrova Anna ,   South Ural State University
Published: August 2024

The subject of the study is counter-commodity flows arising due to various political, econom-ic and organizational reasons in international trade, namely the probability of their occurrence, estimated mathematically and grouped by the degree of influence of a set of factors. The purpose of the study is to de-velop a methodology for assessing the likelihood of counterflow formation, as well as to test the calculation formula for the conditions of a particular international logistics center. The main method used in the work is factor analysis, which made it possible to assess the degree of influence of a large range of supply condi-tions on the probability of counter flows. The study also uses methods of analysis, collection and pro-cessing of statistical data, systematization, coefficients, ranking. It has been shown that the dependence of the probability of counter commodity flows on some factors can be expressed quantitatively based on the available statistical data presented on the official websites of the Internet of international organizations and rating agencies. The formula for assessing the probability of counter commodity flows is universal, con-firms the theoretical conclusions of the researcher in the field of logistics and gives objective results for specific logistics centers. The whole spectrum of the main factors leading to the formation of counter commodity flows was formed, and recommendations were given to eliminate them or reduce their impact. The results of the study will increase labor productivity in logistics and the efficiency of supply chains of goods based on minimizing the risks of counter commodity flows. Conclusions and calculations can be ap-plied by all participants in logistics chains from manufacturers and suppliers to transport companies and logistics intermediaries.
MARKERS FOR UNBLOCKING THE DEVELOPMENT TRAJECTORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION'S MONO-PROFILE REGIONS
Authors: Danilova Irina ,   South Ural State University, Pravdina Natalya ,   South Ural State University
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the identification of markers of changes in the sectoral structure of the economy as a result of the action of evolutionary endogenous and “shock” exogenous factors as deter-mining the trajectory of the development of the region. The methodology of the study is based on the princi-ples of dependence on previous development («path dependence»), regional branching of specializations, different translation of shocks to changes in the territorial economy. In the course of the study, a dynamic, coefficient, comparison, analysis and synthesis methods were used. In addition to the traditional factors af-fecting the transformation of the monoprofile, related to its scale, “rootedness”, uniqueness and features of the territorial organization of the regional economy, the effect of macro- and foreign economic factors that change the situation in the regional economy is analyzed. A system of markers classified according to evo-lutionary and shock factors is substantiated. As a result of the assessment of the situation of the monspecialized regions of metallurgical orientation, profiles of sectoral changes are constructed on the ba-sis of specialization, regional conditions, macroeconomic technological shifts in the industry structure, “practice” of passing through crisis periods. The situations of absence, weak signals and the formation of conditions for the start of structural processes are highlighted. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of a system of markers for the reconfiguration of the region's economy to monitor chang-es and differentiate the tools of state industrial policy.
ANALYSIS OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE BY RUSSIAN METALLURGICAL ENTERPRISES: INDUSTRY DYNAMICS
Authors: Prosvirina Irina ,   South Ural State University, Shirhikova Liudmila , Shirshikov Aleksey ,   South Ural State University,   ESN group
Published: August 2024

The subject of this article is the dynamics of receivables of enterprises of the metallurgical industry of Russia. The aggregate value of receivables of enterprises of the country's economy or industry is one of the important characteristics of macroeconomic dynamics, and namely it gives a generalized view of the conditions for the sale of products and the degree of competition, reflects the state of payment discipline of economic entities. According to the dynamics of total receivables, it is possible to draw conclusions about possible crises in the economy. Due to the fact that the Russian economy has been experiencing crisis phe-nomena in recent years, the study of the behavior of receivables is relevant. At the same time, the sectoral aspect of this indicator has not been practically studied, although different industries react to economic challenges differently. As a result of the study, conclusions have been drawn about the specific nature of the dynamics of receivables of Russian metallurgical enterprises, possible reasons for these differences have been presented. Also, tasks for have been formed further economic and statistical modeling of the dynam-ics of receivables and identification of its relationship with the most important economic indicators of en-terprise activity.
Comparison of long-term abdominal scarring after DIEP flap reconstruction: conventional dermal sutures versus INSORB dermal staples
Authors: Min Jae Chung , Jeon Dongnyeok , Kim Hyung Bae , Kim Eun Key , Eom Jin Sup , Han Hyun Ho
Published: August 2024

Background The importance of adequate wound closure in plastic surgery cannot be overstated. With the goals of shortening the operative time and improving outcomes, various methods and devices have been introduced to enhance the speed and quality of wound closure. To simplify dermal closure with favorable outcomes, several studies have compared results between the INSORB dermal stapler and conventional dermal sutures. We hypothesized that the dermal stapler would yield satisfactory scar formation without increasing complication rates over the long term.Methods This retrospective study included patients who had undergone breast reconstruction with a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) free flap between October 2019 and May 2020 at a single center. Postoperative photographs of the patients’ abdominal scars were assessed at a minimum of 248 days by three blinded attending plastic surgeons using the Vancouver Scar Scale.Results A total of 108 patients who underwent DIEP-free flap reconstruction after mastectomy were included in this study. Among them, 68 patients (group 1) underwent dermal closure with the INSORB dermal stapler, while 40 patients (group 2) underwent conventional dermal sutures. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of vascularity, pigmentation, pliability, scar height, or overall scar assessment. Additionally, there was no significant difference in complication rates between the two groups.Conclusions The INSORB dermal stapler is a valuable tool that can reduce operative time while delivering satisfactory outcomes. When used appropriately with proper training, it can mitigate perioperative complications and alleviate the surgical burden for the surgeon.
Occurrence of contralateral breast cancer in a BRCA-positive breast cancer patient who underwent free TRAM flap reconstruction: a case report
Authors: Ha Nonhyun , Choi Nakwon , Myung Yujin , Heo Chan Yeong
Published: August 2024

This report presents a case of contralateral breast cancer in a BRCA mutation-positive patient who had previously undergone delayed free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction for unilateral breast cancer. Having used up the available abdominal autologous tissue in the first reconstruction, a direct-to-implant procedure was employed for the reconstruction of the second, contralateral breast. Therefore, one breast was reconstructed using autologous tissue from the abdomen, while the other was asymmetrically reconstructed with an implant. If the risk of contralateral breast cancer had been anticipated initially, we might have opted for implant-based reconstruction from the start to facilitate a more symmetrical outcome in the event of subsequent contralateral reconstruction. This case underscores the importance of reviewing the risk of contralateral breast cancer in patients with unilateral breast cancer who also carry mutations in BRCA and other breast cancer susceptibility genes. Furthermore, it encourages consideration of how mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes, including BRCA, influence the choice of plastic surgery reconstruction techniques. The findings from genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility are now crucial to achieving aesthetic completeness in breast reconstruction.
Molecular analysis of 31 cases with fetal skeletal dysplasia
Authors: Taşdemir Ümit , Eyisoy Ömer Gökhan , Gezer Murad , Karaman Ali , Demirci Oya
Published: August 2024

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe the prenatal ultrasound findings of fetuses with skeletal dysplasia and to evaluate the genetic variations by molecular genetic analysis.

Methods

Between August 1, 2018 and March 1, 2023, we conducted a retrospective case series at a tertiary referral center involving patients with fetal skeletal abnormalities. For cases referred for a possible diagnosis of fetal skeletal dysplasia, an ultrasound database and prenatal genetic counseling records were first searched. Terminated cases diagnosed with skeletal dysplasia by pathologic and radiologic findings and cases with skeletal dysplasia proven by postnatal clinical findings were included in the study.

Results

Between 2018 and 2023, a total of 64 cases were diagnosed as skeletal dysplasia based on radiologic findings, pathologic findings, and clinical features. The median week of the first ultrasound performed on patients is 19 0/7 weeks, while the median week of the ultrasound in which skeletal dysplasia is suspected is 21 3/7 weeks. Although micromelia was evaluated as a common feature in all cases, the most common concomitant anomaly was thoracic hypoplasia. Exome sequencing analysis was achieved in 31 (48 %) of cases. In 31 cases, in total of 35 pathogenic single gene mutations and 5 VUS (variants of uncertain significance) variants composing of 23 autosomal dominant, 10 autosomal recessive and 2 X linked recessive mutations were determined.

Conclusions

Prenatal ultrasound findings can lead us to specific diagnoses, and with the appropriate molecular analysis method, a definitive diagnosis can be made without wasting time and money.
Ability of an obstetric hemorrhage risk assessment tool to predict quantitative peripartum blood loss
Authors: Gutierrez-Disla Rubinnis , Fogel Joshua , Jacobs Allan J.
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Hemorrhage risk assessment tools have been studied using estimated blood loss. We study the association between peripartum hemorrhage risk assessment score and peripartum quantified blood loss (QBL) in term vaginal and cesarean deliveries.

Methods

This is a retrospective analysis conducted on 3,657 patients who underwent term vaginal and cesarean deliveries at a public hospital in New York City. Utilizing the risk assessment tool developed by the Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN), patients were categorized into low-, medium-, or high-risk groups for postpartum hemorrhage.

Results

Medium-risk (B=0.08, SE=0.01, p<0.001) and high-risk (B=0.12, SE=0.02, p<0.001) AWHONN scores were associated with significantly higher QBL as compared to low-risk AWHONN score. Medium-risk approached significance (OR: 1.67, 95 % CI: 1.00, 2.79, p=0.050) and high-risk AWHONN score was significantly associated (OR: 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.09, 3.48, p=0.02) with increased odds for postpartum hemorrhage (≥1,000 mL). Each individual factor comprising the AWHONN score whose percentage in our sample was seen in greater than 2.7 % of patients was independently significantly associated with increased QBL (six of nine factors) and postpartum hemorrhage (four of nine factors).

Conclusions

The AWHONN measure previously validated with estimated blood loss predicted obstetric blood loss with QBL. Although not on the basis of the data shown in our study, we believe that QBL should be routinely used to measure obstetric blood loss.
Crystal structure of 1-(5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4-benzyl-1-(4-bromophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)ethan-1-one, C24H20BrN3O3
Authors: Al Maqbali Anwaar S. , Al Rasbi Nawal K. , Abdel-Jalil Raid J.
Published: August 2024

C24H20BrN3O3, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 10.830(2) Å, b = 11.030(2) Å, c = 11.680(2) Å, α = 97.20(3)°, β = 116.70(3)°, γ = 112.50(3)°, V = 1,074.3(5) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0809, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1895, T = 298(2) K.
A generalization of the Graham-Pollak tree theorem to even-order Steiner distance
Authors: Cooper Joshua , Tauscheck Gabrielle
Published: August 2024

Graham and Pollak showed in 1971 that the determinant of a tree’s distance matrix depends only on its number of vertices, and, in particular, it is always nonzero. The Steiner distance of a collection of

k

k

vertices in a graph is the fewest number of edges in any connected subgraph containing those vertices; for

k
=
2

k=2

, this reduces to the ordinary definition of graphical distance. Here we show that the hyperdeterminant of the

k

k

th order Steiner distance hypermatrix is always nonzero if

k

k

is even, extending their result beyond

k
=
2

k=2

. Previously, the authors showed that the

k

k

-Steiner distance hyperdeterminant is always zero for

k

k

odd, so together this provides a generalization to all

k

k

. We conjecture that not just the vanishing, but the value itself, of the

k

k

-Steiner distance hyperdeterminant of an

n

n

-vertex tree depends only on

k

k

and

n

n

.
Gynura procumbens Adventitious Root Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and has Cytotoxic Activity Against Cancer
Authors: Zubaidah Ummi , Sugiharto  , Siregar Muhammad Idrissa P. , Islamatasya Ufairanisa , Nisa Nabilatun , Wibowo Anjar Tri , Manuhara Yosephine Sri Wulan
Published: August 2024

Background: Lead exposure is a growing concern in recent public health because lead acts as an oxidant, causing oxidative stress. In this context, the administration of exogenous antioxidants is imperative. Our preliminary study revealed that Gynura procumbens leaf and root contain phenolics and flavonoids. The current study aims to determine the potency of G. procumbens adventitious root (ARGp) in preventing oxidative stress caused by lead exposure and the potential as an anti-cancer agent.

Methods: ARGp was induced from leaf explant, propagated inside a bioreactor, and macerated by methanol. Balb/C mice were used in an in vivo study and divided into 5 groups, as follows: P1 (distilled water); P2 (Pb 100 mg/L); P3 (ARGp-100 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L); P4 (ARGp-200 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L); and P5 (ARGp-300 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L). Hematologic parameters, the level of lipid peroxidation, and GPx-4 antioxidant gene expression were subsequently recorded.

Results: Administration of ARGp significantly increased the hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume but did not significantly increase the mean corpuscular hemoglobin compared to lead exposure (P2). In contrast, ARGp significantly lowered the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and white blood count compared to P2. ARGp significantly decreased liver and kidney lipid peroxidation but not in the serum. These findings are consistent with the ability of ARGp to enhance endogenous antioxidant gene expression, especially GPx-4. Furthermore, ARGp exhibited a cytotoxic effect on the hepatoma (Huh7it) cell line with an IC50 44.65 mg/L.

Conclusion: ARGp possesses antioxidants by restoring hematologic damage, lowering lipid peroxidation, and increasing antioxidant gene expression, as well as anti-cancer activity.