bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Form and Transaction: Lyric Touch
Authors: Thain Marion
Published: May 2017

Chapter 5 is the first of three chapters that make up ‘Part II‘ of the book. This part focuses on issues of lyric spatiality (both the spatial presence of the poem on the page, and the idea of lyric as a communication across space). As the first chapter in this part, Chapter 5 builds a conceptual and theoretical basis that will underpin the poetic case studies offered in the subsequent two chapters. It responds to two (related) central problematics in aestheticist lyric poetry: first the accusation that its strict verse forms killed the aural energy of lyric in a poetry primarily made for the eye not the ear; secondly the threat of solipsism in a lyric exchange that had been dubbed by John Stuart Mill, earlier in the century, a ‘soliloquy’. Framed between Mill’s discourse on lyric isolation and the new phenomenological modes that were entering into aesthetics from psychology in the late nineteenth century, this chapter finds a distinctive mode of lyric encounter and a new lyric somatics in aestheticist poetry.
Arthur Symons and Decadent Lyric Phenomenology
Authors: Thain Marion
Published: May 2017

The first case study to implement this way of reading takes Decadent poetry as its subject matter, with a particular focus on Arthur Symons (although with significant analysis also of Ernest Dowson, and reference to other Decadents including Lionel Johnson). It argues for a phenomenology of poetic form, made possible by the strict, regular, forms favoured by the aesthetes; and for a new mode of lyric encounter emerging from this. Comparing this with idealist and impressionist modes, it argues that this poetry ‘made for the eye’ was often made for an distinctly embodied eye—and that the Victorian association between the book and the body offered new possibilities for lyric when combined with a Decadent erotics.
‘Space, the Bound of a Solid’: Alice Meynell and Thomas Hardy
Authors: Thain Marion
Published: May 2017

The second case study to work with the ideas outlined in chapter 5 uses the highly meta-poetical work of Alice Meynell, together with some of her prose writings, to understand the significance of the sculptural and phenomenological presence of fixed form poems on the printed page. The approach developed from the work of Meynell is then used to uncover in the poetry of Thomas Hardy a somatic poetics that figures an intriguingly material type of lyric transaction through the printed page of the mass-circulated book.
Afterword
Authors: Thain Marion
Published: May 2017

Poetry is not just a commentary on culture or a reflection of it, but a shaping participant within it. The history of genre, particularly, is the story of the changing ways in which we discuss, describe and think. I suggest that poetry of the period under discussion might be read with greater alertness to its formal negotiation with some of the key philosophical questions of modernity even while, and perhaps particularly when, its content may appear conventional and nostalgic. After all, lyric poetry responded to some of the key conceptual shifts of the nineteenth century because it had to: some of its core generic conventions were deeply challenged by changing ways of thinking and being....
Beckett’s Thing: Bram van Velde and the Gaze
Authors: Lloyd David
Published: May 2017

This chapter explores Beckett’s writings on Dutch painter Bram van Velde, especially his 1949 “Three Dialogues with Georges Duthuit”. It discusses his dismissal of the work of French artists Pierre Tal-Coat and André Masson in the context of French post-war cultural debates and explains his preference for van Velde’s work, in which image and figure are completely disintegrated. It shows how Beckett’s thinking of the thing parallels but eventually goes beyond that of Martin Heidegger and foregrounds the notion of gaze and voice as things. It argues that van Velde’s work brings Beckett to the fragmentation of his dramas into distinct elements of voice, action, gesture and gaze, and analyzes Krapp’s Last Tape and Film as examples of this process.
Me or I? The Search for the Self in the Early Writings of Katherine Mansfield
Authors: Edensor Louise
Published: May 2017

Katherine Mansfield’s diaries and letters reveal a lifelong concern with notions of the self. In this paper, I examine two of Mansfield’s early stories, ‘Vignette: Summer in Winter’ and ‘The Education of Audrey’, to explore how her enquiry into the construction of the self in fiction demonstrates some affinity with the psychological theories of William James and Sigmund Freud. Mansfield’s approach is intuitive, and this gives rise to contradiction as she experiments with the lexicon of the self and with the form and structure of her stories. Whilst Mansfield posed no ‘theory’ of the self in an academic sense, her fiction does however, illustrate her continuing attempts to puzzle out, and to accurately represent, the complex and mutable nature of the human psyche.
‘Jigging Away into Nothingness’: Knowledge, Language and Feminine Jouissance in ‘Bliss’ and ‘Psychology’
Authors: Pero Allan
Published: May 2017

Mansfield’s work explores our uneasy relationship to knowledge and language, disabusing us of the notion of their transparency. Knowledge operates differently for ego and subject, just as language operates differently in conscious speech and unconscious enunciation. In “Bliss,” Bertha’s “hysteria” stages the clash between egoistic misunderstanding and unconscious knowledge, and is an effect of feminine, rather than phallic jouissance. Bertha’s feminine jouissance is not hysteria, but appears so because her jouissance has no place in the domestic sphere. Condemned to address her jouissance to phallic semblances, she is ensnared by the logic of hysterical desire, even as each semblance fails to give her what she really wants.
Poetry
Authors: Powles Nina
Published: May 2017

Anne Estelle Rice, Portrait of Katherine Mansfield, 1918
Te Papa Museum, WellingtonA flare of red and there you are in your bright dressthe colour of pōhutukawa flowers.Huge blooms burst out of the frameinto the air that separates us, their petals like gasps of light....
Creative Non-Fiction
Authors: Lacey Eve
Published: May 2017

This is an account of reading Katherine Mansfield's The Montana Stories whilst cataloguing the collection, and an investigation into the role of the archive in Mansfield's published and imagined afterlives. The essay concentrates on the deaths (both fictional and real) that loom large in all of Mansfield's work, but particularly in those stories composed in Switzerland, and suggests that the chronological arrangement of the Persephone edition amplifies the morbid and elliptical nature of library work, editorial interference, and Mansfield's uncanny endings.
Poise
Authors: Smith Angela
Published: May 2017

This essay argues that J D Fergusson’s Poise, painted in 1916, cannot be a portrait of Mansfield. With portraits, Fergusson often named his sitters. The woman in the picture representing an abstract quality is blue-eyed and vigorous, resembling one of Morris’s dancers. By 1916 Mansfield, who had brown eyes, had tubercular symptoms. In a letter to Murry she analyses Poise objectively with the tone of a friendly critic, whereas when she does sit for a portrait, to Anne Estelle Rice, she describes the process with the interest of a writer protective of her own image.
How Many Does It Take to Dance? The Mystery of the Political in G. K. Chesterton
Authors: Vardoulakis Dimitris
Published: May 2017

Mystery is not merely a theological or literary category for G. K. Chesterton. It is also instrumental in understanding his conception of the political. The essay demonstrates the political significance of mystery through a close reading of Chesterton's short story ‘The Noticeable Conduct of Professor Chadd’. A comparison with Heidegger's construal of the political will highlight Chesterton's originality.
Mathemes avant la lettre: Lacan's Language Functions in ‘The Instance of the Letter’ as Triggers for Formalization
Authors: Kuehne Tobias
Published: May 2017

The metonymy and metaphor functions in ‘The Instance of the Letter’ are a turning point in Lacan's thought. While he had sought to transform psychoanalysis into a science by providing formalizations laying out unconscious operative procedures in his works until the mid-1950s, this is no longer the case in ‘The Instance of the Letter’. Yet Lacan insists we take the formulas literally, that is, as mathematical functions. This essay argues that taking Lacan's request seriously leads to a necessary breakdown in understanding that forces us to go through the split subject's disrupted constitutive process of metonymy and metaphor. Taking the language functions literally (and failing) engenders the effect they merely seem to signify. Disruption is a catalyst for the split subject's constitutive, self-formalizing process, and its role is crucial for understanding how Lacan reconceptualized the relation between psychoanalysis and science. Lacan does not provide a formalism for us to master, but puts it into operation. The language functions are mathemes avant la lettre.
Notes on Loving a Mourner (with Roland Barthes and Others)
Authors: Phillips Matt
Published: May 2017

This essay examines the place of love in grief, staging a relation between a mourner and her lover. Taking as its point of departure Freud's observation that mourning leads to a ‘loss of the capacity to love’, it considers the effects bereavement might have on the bereaved's relations with those that love them, and the possibilities, pitfalls and ethics of care in such a context. This is explored largely through a reading of Roland Barthes's late work (both as a writer of grief and a theorist of love), as well as ideas drawn from Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein, Sara Ahmed, Hamlet and personal observation. Love and care are thought through alongside notions of ‘tact’, ‘benevolence’ and ‘parrying against reduction’ in late Barthes.
Ultrasmall magnetic field-effect and sign reversal in transistors based on donor/acceptor systems
Authors: Reichert Thomas , Saragi Tobat P I
Published: May 2017

We present magnetoresistive organic field-effect transistors featuring ultrasmall magnetic field-effects as well as a sign reversal. The employed material systems are coevaporated thin films with different compositions consisting of the electron donor 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methylphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-TTB) and the electron acceptor 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN). Intermolecular charge transfer between Spiro-TTB and HAT-CN results in a high intrinsic charge carrier density in the coevaporated films. This enhances the probability of bipolaron formation, which is the process responsible for magnetoresistance effects in our system. Thereby even ultrasmall magnetic fields as low as 0.7 mT can influence the resistance of the charge transport channel. Moreover, the magnetoresistance is drastically influenced by the drain voltage, resulting in a sign reversal. An average B0 value of ≈2.1 mT is obtained for all mixing compositions, indicating that only one specific quasiparticle is responsible for the magnetoresistance effects. All magnetoresistance effects can be thoroughly clarified within the framework of the bipolaron model.
RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHMS OF AN INVERSE COEFFICIENT IDENTIFICATION PROBLEM FOR THE SCHRODINGER EQUATION
Authors: Liu Ji-Chuan
Published: May 2017

In this paper, we consider an inverse problem of coefficient identification for the Schrodinger equation from the observation data on the exterior boundary. Our aim is to detect the number, the location, the size and the shape of the coefficient with piecewise constant within a body. This problem is nonlinear and ill-posed, thus we should apply stable and elegant reconstruction algorithms in order to improve the corresponding approximation. We give several examples to show the viability of our proposed methods.
The Binary Fraction of Stars in Dwarf Galaxies: The Case of Leo II
Authors: Spencer Meghin E. , Mateo Mario , Walker Matthew G. , Olszewski Edward W. , McConnachie Alan W. , Kirby Evan N. , Koch Andreas
Published: May 2017

We combine precision radial velocity data from four different published works of the stars in the Leo II dwarf spheroidal galaxy. This yields a data set that spans 19 years, has 14 different epochs of observation, and contains 372 unique red giant branch stars, 196 of which have repeat observations. Using this multi-epoch data set, we constrain the binary fraction for Leo II. We generate a suite of Monte Carlo simulations that test different binary fractions using Bayesian analysis and determine that the binary fraction for Leo II ranges from

to

, depending on the distributions of binary orbital parameters assumed. This value is smaller than what has been found for the solar neighborhood (∼0.4–0.6) but falls within the wide range of values that have been inferred for other dwarf spheroidals (0.14–0.69). The distribution of orbital periods has the greatest impact on the binary fraction results. If the fraction we find in Leo II is present in low-mass ultra-faints, it can artificially inflate the velocity dispersion of those systems and cause them to appear more dark matter rich than in actuality. For a galaxy with an intrinsic dispersion of 1 km s−1 and an observational sample of 100 stars, the dispersion can be increased by a factor of 1.5–2 for Leo II-like binary fractions or by a factor of three for binary fractions on the higher end of what has been seen in other dwarf spheroidals.
HD 202206: A Circumbinary Brown Dwarf System∗
Authors: Benedict G. Fritz , Harrison Thomas E.
Published: May 2017

Using Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor astrometry and previously published radial velocity measures, we explore the exoplanetary system HD 202206. Our modeling results in a parallax,

milliseconds of arc, a mass for HD 202206 B of

, and a mass for HD 202206 c of

. HD 202206 is a nearly face-on G + M binary orbited by a brown dwarf. The system architecture that we determine supports past assertions that stability requires a 5:1 mean motion resonance (we find a period ratio,

) and coplanarity (we find a mutual inclination,

).
KELT-18b: Puffy Planet, Hot Host, Probably Perturbed
Authors: McLeod Kim K. , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Oelkers Ryan J. , Collins Karen A. , Bieryla Allyson , Fulton Benjamin J. , Stassun Keivan G. , Gaudi B. Scott , Penev Kaloyan , Stevens Daniel J. , Colón Knicole D. , Pepper Joshua , Narita Norio , Tsuguru Ryu , Fukui Akihiko , Reed Phillip A. , Tirrell Bethany , Visgaitis Tiffany , Kielkopf John F. , Cohen David H. , Jensen Eric L. N. , Gregorio Joao , Baştürk Özgür , Oberst Thomas E. , Melton Casey , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Baldrige Andrew , Zhao Y. Sunny , Zambelli Roberto , Latham David W. , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Berlind Perry , Calkins Michael L. , Howard Andrew W. , Isaacson Howard , Weiss Lauren M. , Benni Paul , Beatty Thomas G. , Eastman Jason D. , Penny Matthew T. , Siverd Robert J. , Lund Michael B. , Labadie-Bartz Jonathan , Zhou G. , Curtis Ivan A. , Joner Michael D. , Manner Mark , Relles Howard , Scarpetta Gaetano , Stephens Denise C. , Stockdale Chris , Tan T. G. , DePoy D. L. , Marshall Jennifer L. , Pogge Richard W. , Trueblood Mark , Trueblood Patricia
Published: May 2017

We report the discovery of KELT-18b, a transiting hot Jupiter in a 2.87-day orbit around the bright (V = 10.1), hot, F4V star BD+60 1538 (TYC 3865-1173-1). We present follow-up photometry, spectroscopy, and adaptive optics imaging that allow a detailed characterization of the system. Our preferred model fits yield a host stellar temperature of

K and a mass of

, situating it as one of only a handful of known transiting planets with hosts that are as hot, massive, and bright. The planet has a mass of

, a radius of

, and a density of

, making it one of the most inflated planets known around a hot star. We argue that KELT-18b’s high temperature and low surface gravity, which yield an estimated ∼600 km atmospheric scale height, combined with its hot, bright host, make it an excellent candidate for observations aimed at atmospheric characterization. We also present evidence for a bound stellar companion at a projected separation of ∼1100 au, and speculate that it may have contributed to the strong misalignment we suspect between KELT-18's spin axis and its planet’s orbital axis. The inferior conjunction time is 2457542.524998 ± 0.000416 (BJDTDB) and the orbital period is 2.8717510 ± 0.0000029 days. We encourage Rossiter–McLaughlin measurements in the near future to confirm the suspected spin–orbit misalignment of this system.
NPTFit: A Code Package for Non-Poissonian Template Fitting
Authors: Mishra-Sharma Siddharth , Rodd Nicholas L. , Safdi Benjamin R.
Published: May 2017

We present NPTFit, an open-source code package, written in Python and Cython, for performing non-Poissonian template fits (NPTFs). The NPTF is a recently developed statistical procedure for characterizing the contribution of unresolved point sources (PSs) to astrophysical data sets. The NPTF was first applied to Fermi gamma-ray data to provide evidence that the excess of ∼GeV gamma-rays observed in the inner regions of the Milky Way likely arises from a population of sub-threshold point sources, and the NPTF has since found additional applications studying sub-threshold extragalactic sources at high Galactic latitudes. The NPTF generalizes traditional astrophysical template fits to allow for the ability to search for populations of unresolved PSs that may follow a given spatial distribution. NPTFit builds upon the framework of the fluctuation analyses developed in X-ray astronomy, thus it likely has applications beyond those demonstrated with gamma-ray data. The NPTFit package utilizes novel computational methods to perform the NPTF efficiently. The code is available at http://github.com/bsafdi/NPTFit and up-to-date and extensive documentation may be found at http://nptfit.readthedocs.io.
Complex Spiral Structure in the HD 100546 Transitional Disk as Revealed by GPI and MagAO
Authors: Follette Katherine B. , Rameau Julien , Dong Ruobing , Pueyo Laurent , Close Laird M. , Duchêne Gaspard , Fung Jeffrey , Leonard Clare , Macintosh Bruce , Males Jared R. , Marois Christian , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Morzinski Katie M. , Mullen Wyatt , Perrin Marshall , Spiro Elijah , Wang Jason , Ammons S. Mark , Bailey Vanessa P. , Barman Travis , Bulger Joanna , Chilcote Jeffrey , Cotten Tara , De Rosa Robert J. , Doyon Rene , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Goodsell Stephen J. , Graham James R. , Greenbaum Alexandra Z. , Hibon Pascale , Hung Li-Wei , Ingraham Patrick , Kalas Paul , Konopacky Quinn , Larkin James E. , Maire Jérôme , Marchis Franck , Metchev Stanimir , Nielsen Eric L. , Oppenheimer Rebecca , Palmer David , Patience Jennifer , Poyneer Lisa , Rajan Abhijith , Rantakyrö Fredrik T. , Savransky Dmitry , Schneider Adam C. , Sivaramakrishnan Anand , Song Inseok , Soummer Remi , Thomas Sandrine , Vega David , Wallace J. Kent , Ward-Duong Kimberly , Wiktorowicz Sloane , Wolff Schuyler
Published: May 2017

We present optical and near-infrared high-contrast images of the transitional disk HD 100546 taken with the Magellan Adaptive Optics system (MagAO) and the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). GPI data include both polarized intensity and total intensity imagery, and MagAO data are taken in Simultaneous Differential Imaging mode at Hα. The new GPI H-band total intensity data represent a significant enhancement in sensitivity and field rotation compared to previous data sets and enable a detailed exploration of substructure in the disk. The data are processed with a variety of differential imaging techniques (polarized, angular, reference, and simultaneous differential imaging) in an attempt to identify the disk structures that are most consistent across wavelengths, processing techniques, and algorithmic parameters. The inner disk cavity at 15 au is clearly resolved in multiple data sets, as are a variety of spiral features. While the cavity and spiral structures are identified at levels significantly distinct from the neighboring regions of the disk under several algorithms and with a range of algorithmic parameters, emission at the location of HD 100546 “c” varies from point-like under aggressive algorithmic parameters to a smooth continuous structure with conservative parameters, and is consistent with disk emission. Features identified in the HD 100546 disk bear qualitative similarity to computational models of a moderately inclined two-armed spiral disk, where projection effects and wrapping of the spiral arms around the star result in a number of truncated spiral features in forward-modeled images.
Acceleration of Cooling of Ice Giants by Condensation in Early Atmospheres
Authors: Kurosaki Kenji , Ikoma Masahiro
Published: May 2017

The present infrared brightness of a planet originates partly from the accretion energy that the planet gained during its formation and hence provides important constraints to the planet formation process. A planet cools down from a hot initial state to the present state by losing energy through radiative emission from its atmosphere. Thus, the atmospheric properties affect the planetary cooling rate. Previous theories of giant planet cooling assume that the atmospheric composition is unchanged throughout the evolution. Planet formation theories, however, suggest that the atmospheres especially of ice giants are rich in heavy elements in the early stages. These heavy elements include condensable species such as H2O, NH3, and CH4, which are expected to have a great impact on atmospheric temperature and thus on radiative emission through latent heat release. In this study we investigate the effect of such condensation on the planetary emission flux and quantify the impact on the cooling timescale. We then demonstrate that the latent heat of these species keeps the atmosphere hot and thus the emission flux high for billions of years, resulting in an acceleration of the cooling of ice giants. This sheds light on the long-standing problem that Uranus is much less bright than theoretically predicted and is different in brightness from Neptune in spite of the similarity in mass and radius. We also find that young ice giants with highly enriched atmospheres are much brighter in the mid-infrared than ice giants with non-enriched atmospheres. This provides important implications for future direct imaging of extrasolar ice giants.
Comoving Stars in Gaia DR1: An Abundance of Very Wide Separation Comoving Pairs
Authors: Oh Semyeong , Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Hogg David W. , Morton Timothy D. , Spergel David N.
Published: May 2017

The primary sample of the Gaia Data Release 1 is the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS): ≈2 million Tycho-2 sources with improved parallaxes and proper motions relative to the initial catalog. This increased astrometric precision presents an opportunity to find new binary stars and moving groups. We search for high-confidence comoving pairs of stars in TGAS by identifying pairs of stars consistent with having the same 3D velocity using a marginalized likelihood ratio test to discriminate candidate comoving pairs from the field population. Although we perform some visualizations using (bias-corrected) inverse parallax as a point estimate of distance, the likelihood ratio is computed with a probabilistic model that includes the covariances of parallax and proper motions and marginalizes the (unknown) true distances and 3D velocities of the stars. We find 13,085 comoving star pairs among 10,606 unique stars with separations as large as 10 pc (our search limit). Some of these pairs form larger groups through mutual comoving neighbors: many of these pair networks correspond to known open clusters and OB associations, but we also report the discovery of several new comoving groups. Most surprisingly, we find a large number of very wide (

pc) separation comoving star pairs, the number of which increases with increasing separation and cannot be explained purely by false-positive contamination. Our key result is a catalog of high-confidence comoving pairs of stars in TGAS. We discuss the utility of this catalog for making dynamical inferences about the Galaxy, testing stellar atmosphere models, and validating chemical abundance measurements.
Resolving the Discrepancy of Distance to M60, a Giant Elliptical Galaxy in Virgo
Authors: Lee Myung Gyoon , Jang In Sung
Published: May 2017

There is a well-known discrepancy in the distance estimation of M60, a giant elliptical galaxy in Virgo; the planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) distance moduli for this galaxy are, on average,  0.4 mag smaller than the values based on the surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) in the literature. We present photometry of the resolved stars in an outer field of M60 based on deep F775W and F850LP images in the Hubble Space Telescope obtained as part of the Pure Parallel Program in the archive. Detected stars are mostly old red giants in the halo of M60. With this photometry, we determine a distance to M60 using the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB). A TRGB is detected at F850LP

mag, in the luminosity function of the red giants. This value corresponds to F814W

mag and

mag, where QT is a color-corrected F814W magnitude. From this we derive a distance modulus,

(

Mpc). This value is 0.3 mag larger than the PNLF distances and 0.1 mag smaller than the SBF distances in the previous studies, which indicates that the PNLF distances to M60 reported in the literature have larger uncertainties than the suggested values.
The Evolution and Physical Parameters of WN3/O3s: A New Type of Wolf–Rayet Star*
Authors: Neugent Kathryn F. , Massey Philip , Hillier D. John , Morrell Nidia
Published: May 2017

As part of a search for Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars in the Magellanic Clouds, we have discovered a new type of WR star in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). These stars have both strong emission lines, as well as He ii and Balmer absorption lines and spectroscopically resemble a WN3 and O3V binary pair. However, they are visually too faint to be WN3+O3V binary systems. We have found nine of these WN3/O3s, making up ∼6% of the population of LMC WRs. Using cmfgen, we have successfully modeled their spectra as single stars and have compared the physical parameters with those of more typical LMC WNs. Their temperatures are around 100,000 K, a bit hotter than the majority of WN stars (by around 10,000 K), though a few hotter WNs are known. The abundances are what you would expect for CNO equilibrium. However, most anomalous are their mass-loss rates, which are more like that of an O-type star than a WN star. While their evolutionary status is uncertain, their low mass-loss rates and wind velocities suggest that they are not products of homogeneous evolution. It is possible instead that these stars represent an intermediate stage between O stars and WNs. Since WN3/O3 stars are unknown in the Milky Way, we suspect that their formation depends upon metallicity, and we are investigating this further by a deep survey in M33, which possesses a metallicity gradient.
Advection of Potential Temperature in the Atmosphere of Irradiated Exoplanets: A Robust Mechanism to Explain Radius Inflation
Authors: Tremblin P. , Chabrier G. , Mayne N. J. , Amundsen D. S. , Baraffe I. , Debras F. , Drummond B. , Manners J. , Fromang S.
Published: May 2017

The anomalously large radii of strongly irradiated exoplanets have remained a major puzzle in astronomy. Based on a two-dimensional steady-state atmospheric circulation model, the validity of which is assessed by comparison to three-dimensional calculations, we reveal a new mechanism, namely the advection of the potential temperature due to mass and longitudinal momentum conservation, a process occurring in the Earth’s atmosphere or oceans. In the deep atmosphere, the vanishing heating flux forces the atmospheric structure to converge to a hotter adiabat than the one obtained with 1D calculations, implying a larger radius for the planet. Not only do the calculations reproduce the observed radius of HD 209458b, but also reproduce the observed correlation between radius inflation and irradiation for transiting planets. Vertical advection of potential temperature induced by non-uniform atmospheric heating thus provides a robust mechanism to explain the inflated radii of irradiated hot Jupiters.
Electron Excitation of High Dipole Moment Molecules Re-examined
Authors: Goldsmith Paul F. , Kauffmann Jens
Published: May 2017

Emission from high-dipole moment molecules such as HCN allows determination of the density in molecular clouds, and is often considered to trace the “dense” gas available for star formation. We assess the importance of electron excitation in various environments. The ratio of the rate coefficients for electrons and H2 molecules, ≃105 for HCN, yields the requirements for electron excitation to be of practical importance if

and

, where the numerical factors reflect the critical values

and

. This indicates that in regions where a large fraction of carbon is ionized,

will be large enough to make electron excitation significant. The situation is in general similar for other “high-density tracers,” including HCO+, CN, and CS. But there are significant differences in the critical electron fractional abundance,

, defined by the value required for equal effect from collisions with H2 and e−. Electron excitation is, for example, unimportant for CO and C+. Electron excitation may be responsible for the surprisingly large spatial extent of emission from dense gas tracers in some molecular clouds. The enhanced estimates for HCN abundances and HCN/CO and HCN/HCO+ ratios observed in the nuclear regions of luminous galaxies may be in part a result of electron excitation of high dipole moment tracers. The importance of electron excitation will depend on detailed models of the chemistry, which may well be non-steady state and non-static.
Practical Weak-lensing Shear Measurement with Metacalibration
Authors: Sheldon Erin S. , Huff Eric M.
Published: May 2017

Metacalibration is a recently introduced method to accurately measure weak gravitational lensing shear using only the available imaging data, without need for prior information about galaxy properties or calibration from simulations. The method involves distorting the image with a small known shear, and calculating the response of a shear estimator to that applied shear. The method was shown to be accurate in moderate-sized simulations with galaxy images that had relatively high signal-to-noise ratios, and without significant selection effects. In this work we introduce a formalism to correct for both shear response and selection biases. We also observe that for images with relatively low signal-to-noise ratios, the correlated noise that arises during the metacalibration process results in significant bias, for which we develop a simple empirical correction. To test this formalism, we created large image simulations based on both parametric models and real galaxy images, including tests with realistic point-spread functions. We varied the point-spread function ellipticity at the five-percent level. In each simulation we applied a small few-percent shear to the galaxy images. We introduced additional challenges that arise in real data, such as detection thresholds, stellar contamination, and missing data. We applied cuts on the measured galaxy properties to induce significant selection effects. Using our formalism, we recovered the input shear with an accuracy better than a part in a thousand in all cases.
The Evaporation and Survival of Cluster Galaxy Coronae. I. The Effectiveness of Isotropic Thermal Conduction Including Saturation
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Rukmani , Sarazin Craig
Published: May 2017

We simulate the evolution of cluster galaxy hot interstellar medium (ISM) gas that is a result of the effects of ram pressure and thermal conduction in the intracluster medium (ICM). At the density and temperature of the ICM, the mean free paths of ICM electrons are comparable to the sizes of galaxies, therefore electrons can efficiently transport heat that is due to thermal conduction from the hot ICM to the cooler ISM. Galaxies consisting of dark matter halos and hot gas coronae are embedded in an ICM-like “wind tunnel” in our simulations. In this paper, we assume that thermal conduction is isotropic and include the effects of saturation. We find that as heat is transferred from the ICM to the ISM, the cooler denser ISM expands and evaporates. This process is significantly faster than gas loss due to ram pressure stripping; for our standard model galaxy, the evaporation time is 160 Myr, while the ram pressure stripping timescale is 2.5 Gyr. Thermal conduction also suppresses the formation of shear instabilities, and there are no stripped ISM tails since the ISM evaporates before tails can form. Observations of long-lived X-ray emitting coronae and ram pressure stripped X-ray tails in galaxies in group and cluster environments therefore require that thermal conduction is suppressed or offset by some additional physical process. The most likely process is anisotropic thermal conduction that is due to magnetic fields in the ISM and ICM, which we simulate and study in the next paper in this series.
La France, paradis pour les entrepreneurs ?
Authors: Cavarretta Fabrice
Published: May 2017

La France, écosystème pour entreprendre : nombreux domaines d’excellence, capital humain de qualité, argent disponible. Il y a certes l’Administration, les charges et le droit du travail, mais aux USA, il faut payer cher des lawyers et le fisc traque ceux qui réussissent...
Déterminants du renoncement aux soins des femmes durant leur grossesse
Authors: Ancelot Lydie , Bonnal Liliane , Depret Marc-Hubert
Published: May 2017

Malgré la bonne prise en charge par la Sécurité sociale des soins liés à la grossesse, un certain nombre de femmes enceintes ne réalisent pas toujours ces soins. L’objectif de ce travail est de repérer, à partir de l’Enquête nationale périnatale [2010], les caractéristiques de ces femmes. Quel que soit le renoncement aux soins considéré (consultations obligatoires, tests de dépistage), les caractéristiques socio-économiques ont un effet très important. Ce résultat confirme les inégalités sociales d’accès déjà mises en évidence pour d’autres types de soins. Le moindre recours aux soins périnataux semble donc avant tout financier. Toutefois, nous mettons aussi en évidence des déterminants non monétaires comme des facteurs psycho-sociaux et montrons que l’adoption de comportements à risque (tabac, alcool) durant la grossesse favorise le moindre recours aux soins.
Les déterminants du recours régulier au dépistage du cancer du sein en France
Authors: Goldzahl Léontine , Jusot Florence
Published: May 2017

Le dépistage du cancer du sein ne diminue sa mortalité que si le dépistage est effectué régulièrement. Nous étudions les effets des caractéristiques socio-économiques et de santé ainsi que la façon dont le système français de dépistage influence la régularité du dépistage. Nous examinons particulièrement si la modalité de dépistage choisie (dépistage organisé ou individuel) influence la régularité du dépistage. Nos résultats suggèrent que le dépistage organisé augmente la probabilité de recourir régulièrement au dépistage. En outre, les femmes ayant un faible revenu ou ayant vécu des épisodes de précarité ont moins régulièrement recours au dépistage que les femmes plus aisées.
The Philosophy of African Logic
Authors: Chimakonam Jonathan O.
Published: May 2017

The chapter aims to do two things: 1) a rigorous presentation of philosophy of African logic and 2) to do this from the perspective of Ezumezu (an African) logic. The chapter will proceed by defining the three aspects of Ezumezu logic namely: 1) as a formal system, 2) as methodology, and 3) as a philosophy of African logic. My inquiry in this work primarily is with the philosophy of African logic but it will also cut across formal logic and methodology in addition. In the first section, I will attempt to show how the cultural influence behind the formulation of the principles of African logic justifies such a system as relative on the one hand, and how the cross-cultural applications justify it as universal on the other. I believe that this is where African philosophical assessment of African logic ought to begin because most critics of the idea of African logic agitate that an African system of logic, if it is ever possible, must necessarily lack the tincture of universal applicability. Afterwards, I will narrow my inquiry down to the African philosophy appraisal of African logic with an example of Ezumezu system. This focus is especially critical because it purveys a demonstration of a prototype system of an African logic. In the section on some principles of Ezumezu logic, I will attempt to accomplish the set goal of this chapter by presenting and discussing some principles of Ezumezu logic which I had formulated in earlier works in addition to formulating a few additional ones. The interesting thing to note here is that these principles are/will all (be) articulated from the African background ontology. I will conclude by throwing further light on the merits, nature and promises of an African logic tradition.
Against Method, Against Science?
Authors: Younis Raymond Aaron
Published: May 2017

This chapter will focus on two questions, first, the question of Feyerabend's use of analogy, in Against Method, in order to give an account of science, scientific research, and/or scientific institutions in terms of fairy tales; second, it will focus on the question of whether the analogy holds up to critical scrutiny. Feyerabend uses “fairy tale” in a number of senses in Against Method; for example, he uses it to capture some misleading indeed erroneous views about methodology; he insists that the truth is at odds with the fairy tale and that the truth is that “all methodologies have their limits” (1980, p. 32); he takes it to mean not just an erroneous narrative but an erroneous or at the very least, questionable, narrative, which is promoted as true; he uses it in at least three other senses in the book. This chapter will then offer a detailed critique of the use of such analogies in Against Method in order to clarify the strengths and weaknesses of Feyerabend's argument.
Logic and Order
Authors: Fiorini Rodolfo A.
Published: May 2017

Traditional human representation is unable to conserve complete information. Therefore ignorance, uncertainty, ambiguity to mankind's best conceivable worldview are even more amplified. To minimize this problem, we need to develop a reliable and effective ontological uncertainty management (OUM) approach. To reach this goal requires starting from traditional mankind worldview to arrive at a convenient OUM framework. Learning from neuroscience helps to develop neuromorphic systems able to overcome previous representation limitations by appropriate OUM solution. Furthermore, according to CICT (computational information conservation theory), the information content of any symbolic representation emerges from the capturing of two fundamental coupled components, i.e. the linear one (unfolded) and the nonlinear one (folded), interacting with their environment. Thanks to its intrinsic self-scaling properties, this system approach can be applied at any system scale, from single quantum system application to full system governance strategic assessment policies and beyond. A detailed OUM application example, taking advantage of the well-known EPM (elementary pragmatic model) by De Giacomo & Silvestri, to achieve full information extraction and conservation, is presented. This chapter is a relevant contribution to effective OUM solution development framework for learning and creativity, emerging from a Post-Bertalanffy General Theory of Systems.
Machine Learning for Texture Segmentation and Classification of Comic Image in SVG Compression
Authors: Chang Ray-I , Su Chung-Yuan , Lin Tsung-Han
Published: May 2017

Raster comic would result in bad quality while zooming in/out. Different approaches were proposed to convert comic into vector format to resolve this problem. The authors have proposed methods to vectorize comic contents to provide not only small SVG file size and rendering time, but also better perceptual quality. However, they do not process texture in the comic images. In this paper, the authors improve their previously developed system to recognize texture elements in the comic and use these texture elements to provide better compression and faster rendering time. They propose texture segmentation techniques to partition comic into texture segments and non-texture segments. Then, the  element of SVG is applied to represent texture segments. Their method uses CSG (Composite Sub-band Gradient) vector as texture descriptor and uses SVM (Support Vector Machine) to classify texture area in the comic. Then, the ACM (Active Contour Model) combining with CSG vectors is introduced to improve the segmentation accuracy on contour regions. Experiments are conducted using 150 comic images to test the proposed method. Results show that the space savings of our method is over 66% and it can utilize the reusability of SVG syntax to support comic with multiple textures. The average rendering time of the proposed method is over three times faster than the previous methods. It lets vectorized comics have higher performance to be illustrated on modern e-book devices.
A Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Wang Yong , Xu Ning
Published: May 2017

Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one well-known NP-Complete problem. The objective is to search the optimal Hamiltonian circuit (OHC) in a tourist map. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) integrated with the four vertices and three lines inequality is introduced to detect the OHC or approximate OHC. The four vertices and three lines inequality is taken as local heuristics to find the local optimal paths composed of four vertices and three lines. Each of this kind of paths in the OHC or approximate OHC conforms to the inequality. The particle swarm optimization is used to search an initial approximation. The four vertices and three lines inequality is applied to convert all the paths in the approximation into the optimal paths. Then a better approximation is obtained. The method is tested with several Euclidean TSP instances. The results show that the much better approximations are searched with the hybrid PSO. The convergence rate is also faster than the traditional PSO under the same preconditions.
Comparative Study for Different Provisioning Policies for Load Balancing in Cloudsim
Authors: Albdour Layla
Published: May 2017

Distributing application requests across applications located in different datacenters with in cloud equally must be provided by cloud load balancing. In this paper, we compare different provisioning policies within cloud for virtual machines and workloads, where we are focusing on how to distribute the processing power between virtual machines and how to distribute workload among virtual machines. Cloudsim is the simulation plate form used to test the different distributions scenarios to check the performance on makespan, average turnaround time, bandwidth utilization and CPU utilization. Result showed the difference in performance between the three tested provisioning schemes, where the space-shared gives better readings for the selected performance metrics.
Crisply Implementing Subjective Fuzzy Requirements
Authors: Yager Ronald R. , Petry Frederick E.
Published: May 2017

In this paper, the authors examine a paradigmatic approach for the implementation of crisp decisions based on imprecise fuzzy requirements residing in the decision maker's cognition in a non-contestable manner. This is closely related to issues of human subjective judgments about such situations. The authors use the airline carry-on bag size decision as paradigm example for the discussions.
Arithmetic Behaviors of P-Norm Generalized Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers with Application to Circuit Analysis
Authors: Banerjee Sanhita , Roy Tapan Kumar
Published: May 2017

P-norm Generalized Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number is the most generalized form of Fuzzy as well as Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number. It has a huge application while solving various problems in imprecise environment. In this paper the authors have discussed some basic arithmetic operations of p-norm Generalized Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers using two different methods (extension principle method and vertex method) and have solved a problem of circuit analysis taking the given data as p-norm Generalized Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers.
Research on the Information Construction of Accounting Audit Based on the Big Data of Computer
Authors: Lin Dongmei
Published: May 2017

For distributed network content audit system, its communication needs have two important aspects. One is how to let the audit rules sent fast to the entire network, the other is the Internet records data transmission of audit nodes among each other. The above two issues are related to the broadcasting of network news and the large-scale data transmission. This article mainly carries on the thorough research on large-scale data transmission and proposes the approach of large-scale data transmission, and puts forward its application method in the distributed network content audit system. For the large-scale data transmission, the main idea to realize it is by dividing the large-scale data into blocks and combining with various transmission routes to transmit. In this paper, the main methods of the current large-scale data transmission are analyzed and the shortcomings are summarized. Based on the algorithm of task allocation in the reference of grid computing, the large-scale data transmission algorithm is put forward based on node performance. This transmission algorithm uses APDG broadcasting algorithm to find relay nodes, and by judging the performance of the relay nodes, segments different size data blocks to the relay nodes for forwarding. The experimental results show that the large-scale data transmission algorithm based on node performance, compared with the current large-scale data transmission algorithm, has better flexibility and transmission performance.
Assessment of Load-Bearing Capacity of Bridges
Authors: Navrátil Jaroslav , Drahorád Michal , Ševčík Petr
Published: May 2017

The paper aims to the determination of load-bearing capacity of reinforced/prestressed concrete bridges subjected to the combination of all components of internal forces according to Eurocode standards for assessment of existing structures. Undoubtedly bridge load rating is laborious hand-iterative process, especially when it comes to reinforced and/or prestressed concrete bridges. The engineer can spend days and weeks trials and errors in the estimation of bridge load-carrying capacity. The problem lies in the determination of load-bearing capacity of cross-section subjected to the combination of normal and shear forces, bending and torsional moments. Due to the different effects of permanent and variable loads and the non-linear behavior of structural materials, the problem becomes non-linear and its solution requires the use of suitable iterative method. Optimized iterative solution was implemented into IDEA StatiCa software and the results are presented in this paper.
Uncertainty of Predicting Shear Strength
Authors: Červenka Vladimir , Červenka Jan , Sajdlová Tereza , Pukl Radomír
Published: May 2017

The authors participated in the prediction contest for strength of 4m deep concrete slab strip set forth by University Toronto in Canada. They submitted the best prediction among 66 entries from all over the world. Their solution was achieved with a numerical analysis based on nonlinear constitutive model of concrete using fracture mechanics. The shear strength of beam was significantly affected by its large size. After the results of contest were made public the authors performed a study about mesh sensitivity and element type effects, which resulted in assessment of model uncertainty.