bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN STATUS KENAJISAN LARVA DAN PENGGUNAANNYA DALAM MAKANAN TERNAKAN: FATWA NEGERI PERLIS
Authors: Dahaman@Dahlan Mohd Akram , Mohd Yusof Zizi Azlinda
Published: October 2024

It has been scientifically proven that the larvae of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) are a sustainable food source. However, there are few studies from the perspective of fiqh law on the impurity status of Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL). According to the original legal principle, animals are allowed to eat any kind of food, whether it is halal or haram. Nevertheless, a dispute (mahal al-niza’) arises when impure food is fed to farm animals such as chickens, ducks, fish and shrimps, which eventually reach humans, especially Muslims as the final consumers. The reason for this is that livestock that is constantly fed with impure food is considered al-jallalah according to fiqh. This study uses qualitative methods and collects data through documentation and interviews. In this study, a distinction is made between the status of impurity and al-khabith (reprehensible), because not all al-khabith is impure and not all impurities are al-khabith. The researchers tend to believe that BSFL should not be categorised as impure (najs), but only falls under the category of al-khabith. This study is significant for the fatwa committees of Perlis to issue a fatwa on the status of impurity of BSFL.
 
Abstrak
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva (BSFL) telah dibuktikan secara saintifik merupakan sumber nutrisi yang lestari, bagaimanapun terdapat kajian yang terhad dari perspektif hukum fiqah dari segi status kenajisan BSFL. Pada hukum asal, harus bagi binatang-binatang memakan apa jenis makanan sekalipun tidak kira halal atau haram, bagaimanapun, pertikaian (mahal al-niza’) muncul apabila diberi makanan yang berstatus najis kepada binatang ternakan seperti ayam, itik, ikan dan udang yang akhirnya manusialah, secara spesifiknya Muslim sebagai pengguna terakhir (final consumer). Hal ini kerana, binatang ternakan yang diberi makan najis secara konsisten menurut pandangan fiqh dikira sebagai haiwan al-jallalah. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan mengumpul data-data menerusi kajian kepustakaan dan temu bual. Kajian ini mendapati ada perbezaan antara status najis dan al-khabith (menjelikkan) kerana tidak semua al-khabith itu najis dan tidak semua najis itu al-khabith. Penyelidik cenderung kepada pendapat BSFL tidak dikategorikan sebagai hukum najis tetapi ia termasuk kategori al-khabith sahaja. Kajian ini signifikan kerana menjadi asas rujukan kepada ahli jawatankuasa Negeri Perlis dalam mengeluarkan fatwa berkaitan dengan isu kenajisan BSFL.
Historical Architecture and BIM Modelling: Between Representation of Reality and Conceptual Abstraction
Authors: Cutarelli Silvia
Published: October 2024

The essay aims to explore the applications of BIM to design regarding historic buildings, which will become mandatory in Italy from 2025 for public works above €1 million. Despite the advantages in coordinated data management and information sharing among the actors involved in contracts, problems related to the geometric representation and semantic definition of the virtual entities that populate the models have been recognized by the scientific community. Critical issues that have emerged from the study of significant experiences can be traced back to the difficulty of adapting tools designed for the projects of new buildings to the characteristics of the cultural heritage. In particular, the complexity of proposing congruent categorisations and parameterisations seems related to only partial correspondence between historical building components, IFC classes and BIM software categories. These limitations often lead to the identification of contingent solutions and expedients, which solve only the problems of geometric representation. In contrast, the ability to adequately share information stored in databases, interoperable through the IFC format, is conveyed by an appropriate semantic description. Formal representation in the BIM environment effectively refers to standardized industrial production, reproducibility of building elements and, more generally, to the goals of globalisation. Thus, the proposed reflections aim to encourage a conscious use of these tools and to outline implementation perspectives useful to bring the digital environment closer to the concrete reality of historical architecture, unique and irreproducible in origin and transformation, often realized through artisanal processes and anchored to specific contexts in multiple aspects.
A Bibliometric Analysis on The Development of The Second-Hand Market Literature Over the Last 30 Years
Authors: Özer Çizer Ece , Köse Şirin Gizem
Published: October 2024

There is a growing interest in second-hand products among both researchers and practitioners. Therefore, this study aims to explore the growth of the second-hand market in the literature to enlighten the literature development on the subject. In this respect, a bibliometric examination of research in the literature on the notion of the second-hand market from the past to the present was performed. A total of 235 documents were examined for the study. The results show that second-hand consumption has emerged as a new type of consumer behavior, and later examined as a business model in the literature, and with the increasing importance of sustainability in both academic and practical fields, it has become a considerable consumption style. Second-hand products created an important market with more emphasis on the sustainability aspect. The most frequently repeated term in studies on the second is circular economy. Studies on second-hand clothing, collaborative consumption, sharing economy, and reuse concepts have increased in the last few years. The findings are intended to benefit both the literature and second-hand retailers.
Bilişsel, Duygusal ve Davranışsal Öz Düzenleme Performanslarının Akademik Başarıya Etkisi: İlkokul İkinci Sınıf Öğrencileri Örneği
Authors: Akeren İhsan
Published: October 2024

Öz düzenlemenin boyutları olan bilişsel düzenleme, duygusal düzenleme ve davranışsal düzenlemenin akademik başarı üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi mevcut araştırmanın amacıdır. Köy ve şehir merkezinden seçilen 41 ilkokul ikinci sınıf öğrencisinin (yaş x̄= 8±,45, n= 19 kız, 22 erkek) dahil edildiği araştırmada katılımcıların bilişsel, duygusal ve davranışsal öz düzenleme performansları ölçülmüş ve ölçümlerin akademik başarı ile ilişkileri analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, davranışsal düzenleme performansının diğer düzenleme performansları ve akademik başarıyla ilişkili olmadığını (r= -,06 - ,06, p> ,05), bilişsel düzenlemenin (r= ,75, p< ,01), duygusal düzenlemenin (r= ,59, p< ,01) akademik başarıyla anlamlı ilişkilere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapılan regresyon analizine göre bilişsel düzenleme akademik başarıdaki varyansın %57’sini, duygusal düzenleme ise akademik başarıdaki varyansın %7’sini açıklamaktadır. Ortalamalar cinsiyete ve yaşa göre karşılaştırıldığında ise kızların bilişsel düzenleme performanslarının (x̄= 281,05±90,93) erkeklerinkinden (x̄= 207,64±101,95) yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır (F= ,63, t= 2,42). Diğer ortalamalara bakıldığında duygusal düzenleme performansının ve akademik başarının cinsiyete ve yaşa göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular, literatür kapsamında tartışılmış, davranış düzenleme performansının diğer düzenleme alanları ve akademik başarıyla ilişkili olmaması, her ne kadar performans ölçümü de olsa katılımcı sayısının görece az olması mevcut çalışmanın sınırlılıkları olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu nedenle sonraki çalışmalar için davranış düzenleme performansını geçerli şekilde ölçen bir etkinlik geliştirilmesi ve mevcut çalışmanın daha fazla katılımcı üzerinde tekrarlanması önerilmektedir.
Dahhâk b. Müzâhim’in Tefsir Tarihi İçindeki Konumu, Tefsir Rivayetleri ve Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Halil Hüseyin
Published: October 2024

Horasan ekolünün temayüz eden en önemli simalarından birisi olan Dahhâk b. Müzâhim (ö. 105/723) gerek yaptığı yorumlarla gerekse sahabeden naklettiği rivayetlerle İslam tefsir literatüründe iz bırakmış erken dönem müfessirlerinden birisidir. Onun Kur’ân âyetlerinin tefsirine çeşitli yönlerden yaptığı büyük katkılar tefsir kitaplarında nesilden nesle aktarılarak günümüze kadar ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışma ile amacımız tespit ve analizlerle onun tefsirinin hem muhtevasını hem de metodunu ortaya koymaktır (deşifre bilimsel üslup açısından hoş görünmüyor). Bu amaca ulaşmak için takip edeceğimiz metot şöyledir: Önce Dahhâk’ın tefsir tarihindeki yerini öncesi ve sonrasıyla birlikte irdelenecektir. Ardından kendisine isnat edilen rivayet ve görüşler içerik yönünden analiz edilecektir.. Bu çerçevede Dahhâk’ın tefsirinde Arap dili ve şiirini, kıraat vecihlerini ve isrâiliyatı nasıl kullandığı; nâsih-mensûh, umum-husûs, esbâb-ı nüzul gibi ulûmu’l-Kur’ân bilgisinden nasıl faydalandığı tespit edilecektir. Özetle bu metot dahilinde ona isnat edilen rivayetler ele alınıp Kur’ân ilimleri açısından incelenecek, ardından sonraki tefsirlerde bıraktığı etki irdelenerek tefsir alanına sağladığı katkılar gösterilecektir. Çalışmamızın hipotezi şudur: (Daha sonuca ulaşmadın, sonuçta bunlar söylenir) Dahhâk’a atfedilen tefsir esasen dönemin bir özelliği olarak, sadece ihtiyaç duyulan âyetleri tefsir etmekten ibaret olup teknik ve içerik bakımından iki kapak arasına alınan tam bir tefsir niteliğinde değildir. Daha çok sonraki dönem tefsirlerinde dağınık halde bulunan ve ona nispet edilen rivayetler halindedir. Dolayısıyla Dahhâk tefsiri denilince diğer tefsir eserlerinde ona atfedilen rivayetlerin yekununun kastedildiği sonucuna varılır.
Örgütlerde Sessiz İstifa: Kavramsal Bir Çözümleme ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Araştırmaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Kürşad
Published: October 2024

Sessiz istifa genel olarak çalışanların yaşadığı olumsuzluklardan dolayı daha az sorumluluk alması ve işini aksatmadan asgari düzeyde performans göstermesi olarak tanımlanabilir. Özellikle son yıllarda çalışma koşullarında yaşanan önemli değişimler çalışanlardaki sessiz istifa davranışını artmıştır. Sessiz istifa ile ilgili çalışmaların sayısında da önemli bir artış gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada sessiz istifa davranışına ilişkin kavramsal bir çözümleme ve Türkiye’de yapılan araştırmalar ile ilgili bir değerlendirme yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde sessiz istifa davranışı ile ilgili alanyazın incelenmiştir. Bu incelemeden yol çıkarak sessiz istifa davranışının sebepleri, belirtileri ve sonuçları ile ilgili çeşitli gruplamalar yapılmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise Türkiye’de yapılan sessiz istifa araştırmaları ile ilgili bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bu bölüm sistematik derleme çalışması olarak desenlenmiştir. Yapılan taramalar ve belirlenen seçme ölçütleri sonucunda 31 çalışma ile analizler yapılmıştır. İncelenen 31 çalışmanın büyük çoğunluğu 2023 ve 2024 yıllarında yayınlanmıştır ve nicel araştırmalardan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmalar ağırlıklı olarak kamu kurumu çalışanları ve özel sektör çalışanları ile yapılmıştır. Sessiz istifa davranışı ile ilgili araştırmalar oldukça yenidir. Bu bağlamda sessiz istifa davranışının bilişsel, duyuşsal ve davranışsal boyutlarını inceleyen daha fazla nicel ve nitel araştırmaya ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
Önemli Bir Urartu Kalesi: Pirabat
Authors: Salın Ali Kürşad , Nişancı Betül
Published: October 2024

Çalışmamız, Ağrı iline bağlı Eleşkirt ilçesinin Pirabat köyünde yer alan Pirabat Kalesi’nin tarihi ve arkeolojik önemini araştırmaktadır. Geç Kalkolitik Çağdan itibaren yerleşim izleri barındıran Pirabat Kalesi, özellikle Urartu Krallığı döneminde bölgenin stratejik geçiş güzergahlarından birinde yer alması sebebiyle önem arz etmektedir. Kalenin bulunduğu coğrafya, Doğu Anadolu’da Urartu kültürünün yayılım alanı içinde kalmış ve Urartu Krallığı’nın askeri, kültürel ve dini etkilerini barındırmıştır. Pirabat Kalesindeki yüzey araştırması çalışmalarında İlk Tunç Çağ ve Orta Demir Çağ (Urartu) dönemine ait çok sayıda seramik örneği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kalede birçok Urartu yazıtı tespit edilmiş ve bu yazıtların büyük bir kısmı Erzurum Müzesine götürülmüştür. Pirabat Kalesi günümüzde köy mezarlığı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu yüzden kalenin büyük bir tahribata uğradığını söylemek mümkündür. Pirabat kalesinde ilerleyen zamanlarda kazı çalışmalarının yapılması bölge tarihi adına önemli sonuçlar ortaya koyacaktır. Ancak köy mezarlığı olarak kullanılması kalede kazı yapılmasını güçleştirmektedir.
Weak-Lensing Shear-Selected Galaxy Clusters from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program: II. Cosmological Constraints from the Cluster Abundance
Authors: Chiu I-Non , Chen Kai-Feng , Oguri Masamune , Rau Markus M. , Hamana Takashi , Lin Yen-Ting , Miyatake Hironao , Miyazaki Satoshi , More Surhud , Sunayama Tomomi , Sugiyama Sunao , Takada Masahiro
Published: October 2024

We present cosmological constraints using the abundance of weak-lensing shear-selected galaxy clusters in the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program. The clusters are selected on the aperture-mass maps constructed using the three-year (Y3) weak-lensing data with an area of ≈500deg 2, resulting in a sample size of 129 clusters with high signal-to-noise ratios ν≥4.7. Owing to the deep, wide-field, and uniform imaging of the HSC survey, this is by far the largest sample of shear-selected clusters, for which the selection solely depends on gravity and is free from any assumptions about the dynamical state and complex baryon physics. Informed by the optical counterparts, the shear-selected clusters span a redshift range of z≲0.7 with a median of z≈0.3. The lensing sources are securely selected at z≳0.7 with a median of z≈1.3, leading to nearly zero cluster member contamination. We carefully account for (1) the bias in the photometric redshift of sources, (2) the bias and scatter in the weak-lensing mass using a simulation-based calibration, and (3) the measurement uncertainty that is directly estimated on the aperture-mass maps using an injection-based method developed in a companion paper (Chen et al. submitted). In a blind analysis, the fully marginalized posteriors of the cosmological parameters are obtained as Ωm=0.50−0.24+0.28, σ8=0.685−0.088+0.161, Ŝ8≡σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.25=0.835−0.044+0.041, and σ8Ωm/0.3=0.993−0.126+0.084 in a flat ΛCDM model. We compare our cosmological constraints with other studies, including those based on cluster abundances, galaxy-galaxy lensing and clustering, and Cosmic Microwave Background observed by Planck, and find good agreement at levels of ≲2σ. [abridged]
Knowledge of newborns’ mothers on breastfeeding during covid-19, hiv and tuberculosis infection attendee in selected hospitals
Authors: Akther Salma , Akhtar Khursheda , Shawan Esrat Zahan
Published: October 2024

Background: Two-thirds of the HIV mothers planned to breastfeed their infants while one-third opted for formula feeding; same as during Tuberculosis or COVID-19 infection. What would be the mother do during breastfeeding? Whether the mother could breastfeed their newborn or not. For that it is necessary to assess the level of knowledge of newborns mother on breastfeeding during COVID-19, HIV and Tuberculosis. Methods: It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted at Maternal and Child Health Training Institute, Azimpur, Dhaka from 1st January to 31st December 2021. Mother of newborns who are willing to participate were conveniently selected. Around 289 sample was selected. Pre tested semi structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Level of knowledge was measured by knowledge score. Each question of knowledge carries one (01) mark. Each correct answer had 1 mark and incorrect answer had 0 mark. 1-11 score (<60%) was categorized as fair knowledge; 12-15 score (60-79%) was categorized as good knowledge and 16-20% score (80% and above) had very good knowledge. Results: Age and knowledge of whether TB-positive mothers may breastfeed have an association (2=4.488, p = 0.034); age and knowledge of whether HIV-positive mothers can breastfeed have an association (2=9.632, p = 0.002). There is a correlation between occupation and knowledge of whether mothers who have COVID 19 positive status can breastfeed (5.044; p=0.046), as well as a correlation between occupation and knowledge of whether mothers who have TB positive status (9.365; p=0.002). Family income has a correlation with knowledge of whether mothers who are COVID 19 positive, HIV positive, or TB positive can breastfeed (2=17.695, p = 0.0001), COVID 19 positive mothers have a correlation with knowledge of whether they can breastfeed (2=7.511, p = 0.006), and HIV positive mothers have a correlation with knowledge of whether they can breastfeed (2=8.675, p = 0.003). Education level and awareness of whether COVID 19 positive mothers can breastfeed are correlated (2=10.315, p = 0.001), as are knowledge of whether TB positive mothers can breastfeed (2=10.880, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Develop targeted educational programs for mothers based on their demographic characteristics, such as age, occupation, and education level.
JOPSOM 2023; 42(1):40-47
Association Between Central Obesity And Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kabir Md Rezwanul , Akter Fahmida , Murshed Syeda Ruquia , Chowdhury Monzur Al Murshed , Simi Nur Jahan
Published: October 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized as a global public health concern which is one of the leading cause of death and disability. Central obesity increases the risk of developing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease like diabetes and hypertension. Methods: This case-control study was conducted between January and December, 2019. Fifty-five cases and fiftyfive age and sex matched controls were interviewed by a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Medical records of the respondents were reviewed and a checklist was used to document after measuring height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure. Results: The study showed that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were present in significantly higher proportions among the CKD respondents compared to the non-CKD respondents (P < 0.001). Cases were 11.5 times (OR 11.425; 95% CI 4.575-28.528) more likely to be hypertensive than controls. Cases were also 8.5 times (OR 8.469; 95% CI 3.119-23.000) more likely to be diabetic than controls. Among the all respondents, the proportion of central obesity was 40.9% while comparatively higher proportions were found in cases (45.5%) than in controls (36.4%). No significant association was found statistically between central obesity and chronic kidney disease. But diabetes mellitus and BMI were significantly associated with central obesity (P < 0.05). Centrally obese respondents were 2.5 times (OR 2.436; 95% CI 1.066-5.566) more likely to be diabetic than non-obese respondents. Lifestyle related risk factors such as consumption of tobacco both cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) were also not associated with chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: As central obesity was associated with major risk factors of chronic kidney disease, so weight loss should be encouraged in obese subjects to decrease the risk of CKD.
JOPSOM 2023; 42(1):7-13
Dengue fefer and mixed abortion among pregnant women: findgs of a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Haque Fahmida , Tonima Farhana Islam , Islam Md Ziaul
Published: October 2024

Background: Dengue situation in Bangladesh has escalated over the last few years causing significant mortality and morbidity. Pregnant women are highly vulnerable to dengue infection leading to various grave complications for both mother and foetus including missed abortion. Despite the severity of this condition, few studies have explored the association of dengue fever with missed abortion in Bangladesh. This study aimed to investigate the association between missed abortion and dengue fever. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study enrolled 35 pregnant women having the history of missed abortion during the gestational age of less than 22 weeks and 35 pregnant women continuing their pregnancy with gestational age of more than 22 weeks receiving ante natal care. Both groups were selected conveniently. The study was conducted in a private facility from February to October, 2023. Data were collected from medical record review and analyzed with appropriate descriptive and analytical statistics. Cases of missed abortion attributed to dengue infection were compared with pregnant women receiving routine antenatal care if their pregnancies continued beyond 22 weeks’ gestation. Other predictive factors for missed abortion were also examined. Results: Dengue infection was detected among 14 (40%) of pregnant women with missed abortion in comparison to 3 (8.6%) pregnant women without missed abortion. Significant (p<0.05) association was found between dengue infection and missed abortion in pregnant women. Conclusion: Special preventive measures should be taken to protect pregnant mother against dengue infection.
JOPSOM 2023; 42(1):62-67
Individual refresh ability modulates irrelevant speech effect in reading: Evidence from eye movements
Authors: Shu Xin , Wu Sanmei , Tian Liangsu , Wang Jingxin , Chang Min
Published: October 2024

This study randomly recruited 245 college students aged between 18 and 21 years old who had never studied Spanish and selected 60 subjects (30 with high refresh ability and 30 with low refresh ability) based on their scores on a refresh ability test. The mixed experimental design of 2 (refresh ability: high, low) ×3 (background sound: meaningful, meaningless, silent) was adopted. The Eyelink1000 eye tracker was used to record the eye movement data of the subjects when reading the sentences of scientific papers. At the same time, meaningful (news broadcasting) or meaningless (Spanish) background sounds are played. Based on this, the moderating effect of individual refresh ability with the impact of irrelevant speech was investigated. According to the results, the interaction between refresh ability and the meaningful background sound condition was significant, and it had an impact on the totalreading time, gaze count, regression count, total fixation time, and regression-path duration. However, the interaction with the meaningless background sound condition was not significant. The results showed that: (1) refresh ability significantly regulates the irrelevant speech effect in reading, compared with individuals with high refresh ability. The meaningful background sounds have a greater negative impact on the reading of individuals with low refresh ability; (2) the regulating effect of refresh ability occurs in the late stage of vocabulary processing and semantic integration. The results supported the attentional capture theory and found that the irrelevant speech effect in Chinese reading is modulated by individual refresh ability, which mainly acts on semantic components in late reading processing.
Transport Safety and Quality of Life in Developing Cities: An Analytical Study of Amman's Urban Transport System
Authors: Thaher Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Transport safety is crucial for social sustainability, especially in rapidly urbanizing developing cities. This study evaluates the safety of Amman, Jordan's urban transport system, and its impact on residents' quality of life. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), we identified and prioritized five key safety indicators: accident rates, fatalities and injuries, pedestrian safety, public perceptions of safety, and the presence of safety infrastructure. The findings revealed high accident rates, inadequate pedestrian infrastructure, and poor public perceptions of safety. These issues lead to high-stress levels, limited mobility, and increased reliance on private vehicles, exacerbating traffic congestion and environmental pollution. Recommendations include stricter road safety measures, upgraded pedestrian infrastructure, public awareness campaigns, and enhanced public transport services. This research highlights the need for coordinated efforts among government agencies, private sector partners, and the community to improve transport safety and quality of life in developing cities.
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL “ENSURING THE SAFETY OF THE ACTIVITIES OF INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES OF THE PENAL ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM”: FOUNDATION, DEVELOPMENT, MODERNITY
Authors: Pronina Olga , Karavaev Ivan , ZVEREV ANDREY
Published: October 2024

The article deals with issues related to the functioning of the scientific school “Ensuring the safety of the activities of institutions and bodies of the penal enforcement system”. The historical aspect of its formation, its main directions are revealed, the founders of the school and the followers of their scientific views are characterized, the role of the scientific school in the context of the applied development of the penal system is outlined, attention is focused on the use of the results obtained in science and practice.
Development of the acetone organosolv biorefinery process
Authors:   , Smit Adrianus Theodorus
Published: October 2024

Industrialization, agricultural and technological advances and concurrent growth of the world population and prosperity resulted in an enormous increase in the use of all earth’s resources, including fossil ones, which use have led to the emission of greenhouse gasses such as CO2. The reliance on fossil-based resources is untenable due to climate change, and economically and strategically troublesome due to price volatility and supply chain risks. To mitigate these risks, our fossil-based society needs to change to a (circular) renewables-based one. Biomass will need to play a key role in this transition, through the development of biorefineries converting biomass into sustainable energy carriers, chemicals, and materials.
The work in this PhD Thesis focuses on the development and detailed chemical understanding of a novel biorefinery process, based on so-called acetone organosolv fractionation, to produce high quality products (in this case, cellulose fibers, sugars, furanics and lignin) from a variety of agricultural, forestry, food processing and roadside verge residues. As biorefineries are at the heart of many biobased value chains, the goal of these efforts was to develop a robust, scalable, and cost-effective organosolv process with improved fractionation performance (i.e., increased product yield and quality). Furthermore, the biorefinery process was developed such that it can use different feedstocks as intake, this to improve (upstream) connection of the biorefinery with sustainable biomass supply chains. In addition, optimized processes downstream of the process of organosolv fractionation allowed us to connect the biorefinery output to high value biobased (circular) products such as construction panels, packaging, textiles, insulation foams, resins, coatings, adhesives, and platform chemicals. Having successfully validated the fractionation process at the pilot scale, TNO and partners are now working towards market implementation of the process via a dedicated demonstration plant.
ADVANCEMENTS IN BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES: THE IMPACT OF AI AND GENERATIVE MODELS ON NEURAL DECODING AND APPLICATION
Authors:   John P. Stevens High School, Edison, NJ, USA, Vaish Saniya
Published: October 2024

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and external devices, offering transformative potential for individuals with neurological disorders and beyond. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in generative models, have significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of neural decoding in BCIs. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of these advancements, focusing on the role of AI and generative models in enhancing BCI performance. I discuss the contributions of leading companies like Neuralink, Synchron, and Paradromics, and analyze key research findings on signal processing, machine learning algorithms, and ethical considerations. My synthesis of current literature and industry insights highlights the transformative potential of AI-driven BCIs while addressing the technical and ethical challenges that need to be overcome to fully realize their potential. I emphasize the importance of continued research in refining generative AI models, enhancing real-time processing capabilities, and establishing ethical frameworks to guide the development and application of BCIs.
A LOG MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) FOR ADMINISTRATORS, EMPLOYEES, STUDENTS, AND VISITORS
Authors:   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines, Farrel C. Ares Donald , Y. Colegado Brixes ,   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines, S. Gambe Mellanie ,   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines, P. Balisi Elleiell ,   College of Computer Studies, St. Peter’s College, Iligan City, Philippines
Published: October 2024

This thesis introduces a QR Code-based Log Management System (LMS) for St. Peter's College, replacing manual logging with a web-based platform. The LMS enables users to scan QR Codes, eliminating log books and improving accuracy. It automates administrative tasks, recording timestamps, user information, vaccination status, and enrollment status. Utilizing QR Code technology sets this study apart from similar systems that use RFID. QR Codes are costeffective and convenient for identification. The LMS integrates QR Codes into identification cards for administrators, employees, and students, while visitors can generate QR Codes through the web application. Additional features include uploading vaccination cards and Certificates of Registration (COR) for verification. Developed using the Django framework, the LMS provides a secure and rapid development platform accessible via standard web browsers. Its implementation improves data collection accuracy, facilitates contact tracing, and enhances safety through SMS notifications. This thesis contributes to the digital transformation of administrative processes in educational institutions, streamlining operations and improving data management. The researchers employed the Agile Model for development, allowing for continuous feedback and adaptation. This approach ensured the LMS met St. Peter's College's specific requirements. To assess usability, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used, evaluating factors like ease of use and user satisfaction. The combination of the Agile Model and TAM offers a comprehensive approach to designing and implementing the QR Code-based Log Management System, aligning it with the needs and preferences of St. Peter's College.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREDICTION USING RANDOM FOREST
Authors:   Student of CSE Dept, Sri Vasavi Engineering College (A), Pedatadepalli, Tadepalligudem – 534101., Sowmya Lakshmi Ms. V. Sarvasri , Satyanarayana Mr. Y P V ,   Student of AI&DS Dept, Sagi Ramakrishnam Raju Engineering College(A), Bhimavaram–534225.
Published: October 2024

Heart plays a vital role in living organisms. Heart disease, which is also known as coronary artery disease, is a leading cause of death globally, exacerbated by various external factors. Nowadays everything has become so simple with the upcoming technologies like machine learning. Machine learning provides a promising solution to this crisis. Machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence, involves algorithms that help in predicting outcomes and making decisions based on large amounts of data. It has become a buzzword in almost every sector or industry due to its transformative potential. In this study, we employ the Random Forest algorithm to predict heart disease. This model achieved an accuracy of 90.16%, highlighting its potential in accurately predicting heart health status. Although there are many machine learning models available for heart disease prediction, we chose Random Forest for its robustness and reliability.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION, BEHAVIOR, AND PERFORMANCE: INSIGHTS FROM SRI NIRMALA POWER POINT, HYDERABAD
Authors:   Assistant Professor, School of Management Studies, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Hyderabad, Aruna Mrs. B. , Prakash Dr. Chokkamreddy ,   Assistant Professor, School of Management Studies, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Hyderabad
Published: October 2024

This study explores the relationship between employee satisfaction, behavior, and job performance within Sri Nirmala Power Point, Hyderabad. By analyzing data from 95 employees, the research identifies key factors contributing to job satisfaction and their impact on work-related outcomes. The findings reveal that a significant portion of employees regularly meet their goals and take initiative, while areas such as problem-solving, adaptability, time management, and communication skills present opportunities for improvement. The study underscores the importance of a positive work environment and effective feedback mechanisms in fostering employee engagement and productivity. It concludes with recommendations for enhancing organizational culture and employee wellbeing, ultimately contributing to the company's overall success.
The Role of Leverage in Moderating ESG Disclosure and Financial Slack on the Company's Financial Performance
Authors: Wahyuni Putri Dwi , Marsyaf Marsyaf , Fisher Bobby
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of ESG Disclosure and financial slack on the Company's financial performance by using leverage as a moderating variable. The emergence of issues related to the environment, social, and governance of company operations in Indonesia raises concern and responsibility to the community in the form of sustainability reporting. ESG disclosure provides a more complete picture of the sustainability aspects of company performance that supports regulatory reporting in Indonesia which provides an overview of how the company performs financially in a certain period.
This research uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory method. The sample of this study is a mining company listed on the IDX for the period 2020-2022. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, with a total sample size of 50 companies and a total observation data of 150. Data analysis using moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results showed that the financial slack variable had a significant effect on the company's financial performance and leverage was able to negatively moderate the influence of the financial slack variable on the company's financial performance. In contrast, ESG disclosure had no significant effect on the company's financial performance and leverage was unable to moderate the influence of the ESG disclosure variable on the company's financial performance.
LEXICAL PROFILE OF A TURKISH SADNESS VERB DERTLEN-: A CORPUS DRIVEN ANALYSIS
Authors: Demir Süleyman , Özyıldırım Işıl
Published: October 2024

This Study employs a corpus driven approach to analyze the lexical profile of a Turkish verb that communicates sadness which is considered to be a negative emotion. The study focuses on the data obtained from Turkish National Corpus (TNC) within the framework of Extended Lexical Units offered by (Stubbs, 2005). Depending on the concordance lines of the verb dertlen- its syntactic properties, collocational tendencies, context dependent semantic and pragmatic qualifications were identified to understand the probable semantic value of it in terms of cognitive traits of sadness. It was found that dertlen- refers to a sadness which is derived from others’ troubles rather than self-related issues and this finding was discussed within the framework of empathy- altruism hypothesis (Batson,1991). From this respect, the verb gives some clues about the Turkish culture which is characterized with ‘altruistic’ behavior. The study also shows that dertlen- refers to past/present time negativities more frequently when compared to future related sadness concepts. Underlining the validity of corpus-driven approaches, the corpus data demonstrated that this sadness verb has its own cognitive patterns and this schematic nature of dertlen- dictates a particular linguistic environment which also shapes semantic and pragmatic load of the verb. Finally, thanks to this research, we were able to place dertlen- correctly inside Scherer's (2001) cognitive evaluation patterns for sadness.
How delusions can uncover sources of harm and pathology: The epistemic value of interoceptive and unconscious information
Authors: Russell Jazmine
Published: October 2024

Prevailing views of delusional beliefs frame them as pathological and harmful, leaving little room for understanding why delusions may emerge. Lisa Bortolotti’s book, “Why Delusions Matter,” offers a more compassionate perspective on delusions, framing them as adaptive and meaningful responses to crises. Many psychologists and philosophers have asserted that delusions can function as psychological defense mechanisms or adaptive coping strategies that protectively obscure painful realities. However, some delusions, especially those that arise in the context of traumatic experiences and psychosis, can be better understood as the body’s attempt to alert us to sources of harm and reveal, rather than obscure, important information. Drawing from neuroscience literature and the author’s personal encounters with psychosis and trauma, this article explores the ways in which some delusions can help us access interoceptive information from the body, uncovering sources of pathology, as well as previously unconscious information about harmful traumatic experiences. Ultimately, taking an epistemic justice lens to delusions, uplifts their value in revealing very real embodied experiences of the individual expressing them.
Out-of-the-Box Graded Vocabulary Lists with Generative Language Models: Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Alfter David
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we explore the zero-shot classification potential of generative language models for the task of grading vocabulary and generating graded vocabulary lists. We expand upon prior research by testing five different language model families on five different languages. Our results indicate that generative models can grade vocabulary across different languages with moderate but stable success, but producing vocabulary in a language other than English seems problematic and often leads to the generation of non-words, or words in a language other than the target language.
Investigating Acoustic Correlates of Whisper Scoring for L2 Speech Using Forced alignment with the Italian Component of the ISLE corpus
Authors: Ballier Nicolas , Méli Adrien
Published: October 2024

This paper analyses how global phonetic analyses of learner data can be used to confirm Whisper probability scores assigned to learner phonetic data. We explore the Italian component of the ISLE corpus with phonetic analyses of 23 learners of English. Using a C++ wrapper of the Whisper models, we investigate the probability scores assigned by Whisper's tiny model. We discuss the phonetic features that may account for these Whisper predictions using P2FA-forced alignment. We try to correlate the quality of the phonetic realisation (measured using Levenshtein distance to the read text) to global vocalic measurements such as the convex hull or Euclidian distances between monophthongs. We show that Levenshtein distance to the reference transcription of the Whisper tidy model correlates with the grades assigned by the annotators and partially to the accuracy of the classification of monophthongs using the k-NN algorithm.
Investigating strategies for lexical complexity prediction in a multilingual setting using generative language models and supervised approaches
Authors: Kelious Abdelhak , Constant Mathieu , Coeur Christophe
Published: October 2024

This paper explores methods to automatically predict lexical complexity in a multilingual setting using advanced natural language processing models. More precisely, it investigates the use of transfer learning and data augmentation techniques in the context of supervised learning, showing the great interest of multilingual approaches. We also assess the potential of generative large language models for predicting lexical complexity. Through different prompting strategies (zero-shot, one-shot, and chain-of-thought prompts), we analyze model performance in diverse languages. Our findings reveal that while generative models achieve high correlation scores, their predictive quality varies. The comparative study illustrates that while generative large language models have potential, optimized task-specific models still outperform them in accuracy and reliability.
Developing a Web-Based Intelligent Language Assessment Platform Powered by Natural Language Processing Technologies
Authors: Löber Sarah , Rudzewitz Björn , Souto Daniela Verratti , Ribeiro-Flucht Luisa , Chen Xiaobin
Published: October 2024

We introduce System, an intelligent language assessment platform and reusable module that streamlines the creation, administration and scoring of language proficiency tests supported by Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies. As a first implementation, we realized an automatic pipeline for the Elicited Imitation Test (EIT), a popular test format that has been widely adopted in language learning research for general proficiency and formative assessments. The platform can be extended to other test formats and assessment types. System is a valuable tool for standardizing data collection in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) research as well as serving as an application for classroom assessment. In this paper, we present the design of the system and a preliminary evaluation of LLMs for generating language errors in EIT items. We conclude with a future outlook as well as limitations.
Jingle BERT, Jingle BERT, Frozen All the Way: Freezing Layers to Identify CEFR Levels of Second Language Learners Using BERT
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Ricardo , Alfter David , Dobnik Simon , Szawerna Maria , Volodina Elena
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we investigate the question of how much domain adaptation is needed for the task of automatic essay assessment by freezing layers in BERT models. We test our methodology on three different graded language corpora (English, French and Swedish) and find that partially fine-tuning base models improves performance over fully fine-tuning base models, although the number of layers to freeze differs by language. We also look at the effect of freezing layers on different grades in the corpora and find that different layers are important for different grade levels. Finally, our results represent a new state-of-the-art in automatic essay classification for the three languages under investigation.
Walk-centric deliberations
Authors: Ahlrichs Rolf , Ehrstöm Peter
Published: October 2024

This article outlines methods of practice-oriented teaching at universities integrating democracy, sustainability, and learning in adult education.. The methods highlight the potential for democratic innovation in local communities in which diverse perspectives come together to address societal challenges. With a focus on sustainability and the connection among place, space, and pedagogy it introduces ‘Voice-Resonance Walks,’ a deliberative method piloted in Stuttgart, Germany, for social work education. It also highlights pilot deliberations at the district (Mini-Studentlab Deliberative Walks) and cityscape (Public Transport Walks) levels in Hamburg, Germany, involving interdisciplinary student groups in lifelong learning. These examples illustrate how higher education institutions are engaging with the public sphere, with a particular focus on vulnerable groups of citizens and on fostering civic learning. They aim to equip students with the knowledge and skills to become future experts, decision-makers, and active citizens, capable of understanding the challenges facing both their local neighborhoods and diverse urban spaces.
Liberalism all the way down?
Authors: Košmerl Tadej
Published: October 2024

This paper analyses adult education for sustainable development policies, examining their dominant discursive orientations – neoliberal, liberal, and critical – across global, EU, and national levels. Focusing on Slovenia and its transnational policy influences in this field, it highlights a prevalent interplay of liberal and neoliberal discursive orientations alongside a comparatively limited presence of critical discourse. At the global level, the United Nations’ influence emphasises liberal discourse aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), while the European Union policies exhibit a predominant neoliberal discourse, further solidified at the national level, particularly in more recent Slovenian policies. A prevalent interplay of neoliberal and liberal discourses characterises Slovenian adult education for sustainable development policies, reflecting the substantial influence of transnational actors.
Exploring lost spaces
Authors: Maksimovic Maja
Published: October 2024

This study seeks to investigate the potential evolution of education when integrated with place, addressing socio-ecological degeneration. Special attention is given to art education, which not only views places as learning locations but also recognizes the material and relational aspects of a place’s ecology as having epistemic value. The inquiry into art education practices delves beyond art-based methods and draws on the rich tradition of place-based practices. To illustrate the contribution of art education to sustainability, the study examines the collaborative project ‘Full Line, Broken Line: The Future of Liminal Landscapes’ in Serbia, focusing on disrupted landscapes near Belgrade. This insight into how investigation and learning about a locality can elicit memories and interpretations through the lens of absence demonstrates the importance of the interaction of temporal and spatial dimensions when learning about what is lost and the possibility for renewal.
Editorial
Authors: Vandenabeele Joke , Schreiber-Barsch Silke , Finnegan Fergal
Published: October 2024

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Integrating clinical and genomic landscape analysis of perineural invasion identify ACTA1 as an oncogene for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Sheng , Zhao Tongchao , Song Yuxian , Huang Xiaofeng , Ni Yanhong , Ding Liang , Fu Yong , Hu Qingang , Wang Yi
Published: October 2024

Background

Perineural invasion (PNI) has been shown to be a key pathological feature of several types of cancer, including oral squamous epithelial carcinoma (OSCC). However, the overall clinical and genomic landscape of PNI+ OSCC are still unclear, and the molecular mechanism of PNI remains to be further investigated.

Methods

279 OSCC samples were extracted from the TCGA database and grouped according to PNI. The clinicopathological information, prognostic and survival analyses were performed. The Cibersort algorithm and ESTIMATE algorithm was used to estimate the impacts on proportion of immune cells, immune score and stromal score by PNI. Immunotherapy prediction analysis was also performed. 167 differentially expressed genes were screened for functional enrichment analysis. Actin α1 (ACTA1) protein, which was significantly upregulated in the PNI+ group, was selected for validation in our OSCC patient’s cohort (n = 70). We next analyzed the ratio and absolute number of key immunocytes in peripheral blood of OSCC patients according to Actin α1 expression by flow cytometry.

Results

PNI was more likely to occur in patients with advanced tumors and worse prognosis. Immunomodulation analyses showed that T cells follicular helper and cells were significantly lower, but M2 macrophages and total stromal score was significantly higher in PNI+ OSCC. Immunotherapy prediction analyses showed that PNI+ OSCC may be more sensitive to CTLA4 inhibitor treatment. 167 differentially expressed genes were identified and enriched in muscle structure and cell movement-related pathway. Among them, Actin α1 (ACTA1) was significantly upregulated in PNI+ advanced OSCC with worse clinical outcome whose had relatively low ratio of CD3+CD8+ circulating cytotoxic T cells.

Conclusion

PNI+ OSCC patients with upregulated of Actin α1 could benefit from cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunotherapy.