bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competitividade, produtividade e emprego industrial fluminense: uma análise do período 2001-2021
Authors: Ribeiro Alcimar das Chagas , Passos William
Published: October 2024

Contribuindo para o esforço de construção de uma cultura de planejamento, com a definição de políticas apoiadas na utilização de informação estatística, este artigo provoca o debate sobre a competitividade e a produtividade da indústria fluminense, sob o ângulo da variação do emprego formal, aplicando uma adaptação do método estatístico shift-share. O período observado abrange dois decênios (2001-2021) e considera a composição estrutural (setorial) e competitiva (locacional) do emprego industrial fluminense, dividido por subsetores, com base nos registros administrativos da Relação Anual das Informações Sociais (RAIS), do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE). Como resultado, o método shift-share adaptado demonstrou que apenas a indústria do material de transporte, a indústria extrativa mineral e a indústria mecânica fluminense registraram crescimento médio do emprego formal superior à média da economia brasileira e da economia fluminense, alcançando o padrão de vantagem competitiva especializada (VCE). A indústria de alimentos e bebidas registrou desvantagem competitiva especializada (DCE), tendo formalizado menos empregos que a média nacional, mas é o subsetor industrial fluminense mais intensivo em mão de obra, sendo responsável por cerca de um quinto dos empregos industriais fluminenses. Por sua vez, a indústria química e a indústria têxtil são os subsetores industriais, proporcionalmente, mais resilientes à eliminação de postos de trabalhos em períodos de crise do mercado de trabalho fluminense. No entender dos autores, estes resultados devem ser considerados na definição de estratégias e prioridades, na formulação de políticas de emprego e de desenvolvimento industrial e na tomada de decisão do planejamento do setor público.
A economia política da hierarquia urbana no Brasil: uma análise dos Censos 2010 e 2022
Authors: Rodriguez Rodrigo Siqueira
Published: October 2024

Este artigo aborda as mudanças na dinâmica espacial brasileira entre os censos de 2010 e 2022 sob a perspectiva das hierarquias urbanas formadas pelos estados brasileiros. Para isso, parte-se de uma discussão crítica do processo de formação das hierarquias urbanas, como uma expressão da desigualdade espacial decorrente da lei geral de acumulação capitalista e suas implicações contraditórias, como o crescimento da pobreza em meio à concentração de riqueza dos espaços urbanos. Para mensurar as hierarquias urbanas, se utiliza uma metodologia de classificação dos municípios brasileiros de acordo com seu tamanho populacional por meio de leis de potência, como a Lei de Zipf. De acordo com os resultados, a redução populacional de algumas metrópoles não alterou o quadro geral de elevação do grau de hierarquias urbanas nos estados brasileiros. Alguns estados, como Acre e Rio de Janeiro, apresentaram redução no grau de hierarquia urbana entre 2010 e 2022. Por outro lado, os maiores aumentos no grau de hierarquia urbana são identificados em Rondônia e Mato Grosso, que expressam a tendência de aceleração no ritmo de concentração urbana na faixa interiorana do país.
Avec la Pietà de Villeneuve-lès-Avignon. Performance et réception d’une œuvre intermédiale
Authors: Lieutaghi Clara
Published: October 2024

L’article prend pour objet d’étude la Pietà de Villeneuve-lès-Avignon (v. 1455) en proposant une interprétation de son dispositif représentationnel. L’intermédialité observée au sein du retable construit sa performance et se trouve à l’origine de la réponse dévotionnelle des fidèles. Aborder certaines des copies et variantes de la Pietà autorise également une meilleure compréhension des transformations apportées au dispositif initial à l’occasion de ces reprises.
A Cabinet of Religious Curiosities
Authors: Nellis Steff
Published: October 2024

En 1723, les premiers volumes de la série en sept livres, Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde (1723-1737), sont publiés à Amsterdam par le Huguenot exilé Jean Frédéric Bernard. Somptueusement illustrée de plus de 250 gravures par le célèbre graveur parisien, également exilé, Bernard Picart, la série Cérémonies offre une perspective révolutionnaire sur les religions du monde en comparant à parts égales cérémonies, coutumes et rituels. Des recherches antérieures ont montré que le corpus d’illustrations de Picart doit être considéré comme une « source et cible de l’agentivité sociale », pour le dire avec les mots de Gell. En conséquence, les illustrations imprimées de Picart peuvent être vues comme des outils pour susciter des émotions et exiger l’intervention active du spectateur par le biais de diverses stratégies visuelles. Dans cet article, je souhaite approfondir notre compréhension des moyens par lesquels les représentations des cérémonies religieuses de Picart ont agi comme une force de changement en examinant les différentes manières dont il a cherché à atteindre son objectif. En plus des travaux universitaires antérieurs qui ont mis en avant l’utilisation par Picart de la méthode comparative (Hunt et al., 2010), de la « con‑visualisation » des images (Von Wyss-Giacosa, 2019) et de la « dés‑orientation du soi » (Tarantino, 2021), je suggère que sa stratégie artistique doit également beaucoup à l’utilisation de la théâtralité comme dispositif rhétorique visuel et performatif pour diffuser le savoir.
Mediation Effect of Customer Loyalty in Relationship Between Market Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Firm Performance in Ethiopia
Authors: Niguse Tafese , Kant Shashi , Adula Metasebia
Published: October 2024

This study focused on the mediating role of customer loyalty between market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and Ethiopian hotel performance. It was aimed: To see effect of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on business performance, to see effect market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on customer loyalty, and to find mediation effect of customer loyalty between market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and business performance. Descriptive research design and non-probability, particularly convenience sampling was used. Structured questionnaire was used. For data analysis, percentage, mean, standard deviations were employed. Structural equation modeling by EFA and CFA was employed using SPSS and AMOS.23. The finding showed there is positive significant relationship between MO, CL, and FP. However, there is negative relationship between EO and FP. But, with the mediation of CL, the relationship between EO and FP was found.
Customer Orientation and Ethiopian Bank Performance With Mediation of Competitive Advantage
Authors: Jabo Dawit , Kant Shashi , Borji Brehanu
Published: October 2024

The impact of competitive advantage in mitigating the detrimental impacts of customer orientation on business performance was examined in this chapter. Few research have examined the relationship between competitive advantage and customer orientation and how it influences business success in emerging economies, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This article attempted to investigate the matter from an Ethiopian perspective in order to bridge that gap. a response obtained from the 383 Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) customers in the Dilla area of southern Ethiopia using a survey questionnaire. Employing SPSS and AMOS edition 26 together with the Structure Equation Model (SEM) technique, the collected data was analysed to see if the two proposed variables were related. The results showed that customer orientation has a positive, significant influence on business performance through the competitive advantage negotiating process. The results of this study suggest that commercial banks should use client orientation to obtain a competitive advantage.
Patents and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jahan Tasnim , Sreenivasulu N. S. , Saurav Shashikant
Published: October 2024

IPR is essential for protecting intellectual property, helping companies expand their businesses, and identifying their value and importance in the market. Patent is one of the most owned and utilised IP in the markets today as this not only helps generate revenue but also at the same time helps build a brand name and keeps the innovation wing of a particular company alive along with encouraging others in for technological advancements measuring innovations. However, like any other intellectual property, i.e. Copyright and trademark where it does not have to be mandatorily registered separately to own their IP, patent ownership, on the other hand, needs to be applied for following a dire application process comprised of prior art searches, provisional application, listing out the complete specifications of the invention, publication of such invention, examination and grant at last. With this, monitoring the AI-generated inventions and whether such inventions comply with the Patentability criteria becomes pertinent.
Analyzing the Data Privacy and Security of Smart Home Automation Frameworks Utilized in the Progressive Society
Authors: Singla Sofia , Sodhi Navdeep Singh
Published: October 2024

In today's smart world, the Internet of Things network has effectively been able to provide a comfortable daily life to everyone. Smart home automation systems are one most frequently adopted mechanisms to have adopted modern and effective lifestyles. It refers to machine-to-machine communications that can be efficiently controlled by using remote networks. A defined comparison will be presented across society and researchers so that novel and upcoming smart home automation can be successfully free from all vulnerabilities and challenges. A graphical analysis will successfully lead to solutions for better energy efficiency, data storage mechanisms, and security concerns. To exhibit the better adequacy and possibilities of energy efficiency, data storage, and security in these smart home automation frameworks, some details regarding the usage of hardware like sensors will also be discussed. This book chapter will be able to provide keen information regarding the actual benefits as well as drawbacks of smart home automation systems in the progressive society.
Charting New Frontiers
Authors: Giritli Ayçin , Ulusoy Demet Çelik , Ertuğrul Duygu Çelik
Published: October 2024

With the acceleration of scientific and technological advancements, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a central force in numerous sectors. When integrated with scientific progress, AI holds the potential to provide groundbreaking and innovative solutions. These positive developments can contribute to addressing global challenges and play a pivotal role in achieving sustainable development goals. From food security to healthcare, law to education, water management to energy management, climate monitoring and governance to tourism, sustainable forest management to agriculture, AI's rapidly advancing applications span various domains. In this article, we focus on three specific sectors: healthcare, law, and tourism. We investigate and analyze AI's current usage, progress, and future potential in these sectors. The outputs of this study could shed light on AI's potential as a key tool in solving global challenges, thereby enabling the development of more effective strategies to achieve sustainable development goals on a global scale.
The Influence of Subunit Strategic Responses on Organizational Information Security Compliance
Authors: Junior Antonio Eduardo Albuquerque , dos Santos Ernani Marques
Published: October 2024

Information security controls are crucial for safeguarding information, but their adoption can be result of external pressures from market standards and technological advancements, successful practices of other organizations, and professionalization in the organizational field. Organizations respond to these pressures by establishing structures, policies, and regulations to ensure subunits comply with the external requirements. However, subunits may respond based on their own interests, sometimes contrary to central management and external directives. This study employs institutional theory and strategic responses typology to explore how subunits' responses influence organizational compliance with external requirements. The research was conducted in a decentralized organization, utilizing semi-structured interviews with IT and information security managers and staff across various subunits. Findings reveal that unequivocal rejection, and passive acceptance are the most common subunits' responses, leading the organization to ceremonial compliance with institutional requirements.
Digital Government and AI
Authors: Kenaphoom Sanya , Supsin Jirayu , Suktam Wanchai , Lapchit Siriphat
Published: October 2024

While digital technologies and artificial intelligence present opportunities to increase citizen participation, they also present obstacles, such as the digital divide, disinformation, and privacy concerns, even though they improve engagement, information access, and policy involvement. This study evaluates the effects of AI-driven digital government initiatives on democratic inclusivity and examines how they can increase citizen participation. It is found Artificial intelligence has the potential to greatly increase citizen participation and digital government efficiency, resulting in a more inclusive and responsive democracy. Opportunities to enhance openness, democratize decision-making, and involve the public will grow as AI develops. But it's important to take into account potential downsides like power concentration, ethical dilemmas, and privacy concerns. Legislators and technologists alike must place a high premium on ethical standards, inclusivity, and integration issues to ensure that artificial intelligence (AI) fosters a more equitable and inclusive democratic process.
A Systematic Literature Review on the Impact of Crises on the Food Supply Chain of Micro-Food Businesses
Authors: Azman Ana Batrisyia , Majid Mohd Aliff Abdul , Zulkifly Muhammad Izzat
Published: October 2024

COVID-19 pandemic has significantly triggered a domino effect across the economic sector, particularly impacting micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This disruption has profoundly affected the foodservice industry and its supply chain. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) on the impact of crises on food supply chains faced by micro-food businesses. The review followed a rigorous five-step methodology guided by a pre-defined protocol, which included formulating research questions, developing systematic search strategies, and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria across databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Emerald. The paper identifies four major impacts of food supply disruptions caused by crises: delivery delays, labor shortages, raw material scarcity, and price fluctuations. However, further extensive research is recommended to gain a more holistic understanding of how micro-food businesses navigate food supply disruptions in the context of current and future economic crises.
Exploring Bleisure Opportunities
Authors: Chourasia Bhola , Chowdhary Shahnawaz
Published: October 2024

The ancient Indian epic Ramayana, composed by Sage Valmiki Muni, holds profound significance in the land of Bihar, India. This literary masterpiece is not merely a story but an integral part of Hindu holy literature. Numerous locations across Bihar are associated with events from the lives of Lord Rama and Goddess Sita, depicted in the Ramayana. One such location is Sitamarhi, where Goddess Sita emerged from the shattered remains of a vessel during King Janak's ploughing ceremony. This chapter explores the importance of the Ramayana Circuit within Bihar's tourism landscape, highlighting the rich cultural heritage and religious significance associated with the epic's narratives.
Korean Guidelines for the Management and Antibiotic Therapy in Adult Patients with Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Choi Hayoung , Min Kyung Hoon , Lee Young Seok , Chang Youjin , Lee Bo Young , Oh Jee Youn , Baek Ae-Rin , Lee Jongmin , Jeon Kyeongman
Published: October 2024

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are correlated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Guidelines that consider local epidemiologic data are fundamental for identifying optimal treatment strategies. However, Korea has no HAP/VAP guidelines. This study was conducted by a committee of nine experts from the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Respiratory Infection Study Group using the results of Korean HAP/VAP epidemiologic studies. Eleven key questions for HAP/VAP diagnosis and treatment were addressed. The Convergence of Opinion on Suggestions and Evidence (CORE) process was used to derive suggestions, and evidence levels and recommendation grades were in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Suggestions were made for the 11 key questions pertinent to diagnosis, biomarkers, antibiotics, and treatment strategies for adult patients with HAP/VAP. Using the CORE process and GRADE methodology, the committee generated a series of recommendations for HAP/VAP diagnosis and treatment in the Korean context.
Cyclogyro Thrust Vectoring for Anti-Torque and Control of Helicopter
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Masarati Pierangelo , Gagnon Louis , Quaranta Giuseppe , Morandini Marco , Muscarello Vincenzo , Bindolino Giampiero
Published: October 2024

This work discusses the possibility to use the cycloidal rotor technology to provide anti-torque to otherwise conventional helicopter designs. A simple analytical model of cycloidal rotor aeromechanics is provided to support its sizing. The analytical model is validated using other approaches of increasing complexity and experimental results. Three anti-torque configurations are considered: a single vertical axis rotor at the tail, a single longitudinal axis rotor at the tail, and two sideways axis rotors at both sides of the airframe. The first and the last configurations are analyzed in more detail. The required power for anti-torque capabilities is compared to that of a conventional rotor and possible advantages are discussed in terms of added lift and thrust and better control capabilities.
Experimental Study of the Environmental Flow-field of Two Impinging Model Scale Jets
Authors:   The Pennsylvania State University, Myers Leighton , Rudenko Nicholas , McLaughlin Dennis
Published: October 2024

The flow-field of dual model scale jets impinging onto a flat ground plane is experimentally investigated. In a tandem configuration, the front jet consists of a convergent nozzle operating sonically while the rear jet consists of a converging-diverging nozzle operating at a fully expanded jet Mach number of 1.34. The goal of this work is to simulate the environment produced by jet impingement during a hover or vertical landing of a short take-off and vertical landing (STOVL) aircraft. The experimental model includes a pressure instrumented generic lifting surface and an adjustable height ground plane which is also instrumented with surface pressure taps. Other measurements in the study include chalk flow visualization, optical shadowgraphy, and wall jet surveys with a pitot rake.
Helicopter Fuselage Active Flow Control in the Presence of a Rotor
Authors:   NASA, Jenkins Luther ,   US Army AMRDEC, Martin Preston , Overmeyer Austin , Tanner Philip , Wilson Jacob
Published: October 2024

This work extends previous investigations of active flow control for helicopter fuselage drag and download reduction to include the effects of the rotor. The development of the new wind tunnel model equipped with fluidic oscillators is explained in terms of the previous test results. Large drag reductions greater than 20% in some cases were measured during powered testing without increasing, and in some cases decreasing download in forward flight. As confirmed by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), the optimum actuator configuration that provided a decrease in both drag and download appeared to create a virtual (fluidic) boat-tail fairing instead of attaching flow to the ramp surface. This idea of a fluidic fairing shifts the focus of 3D separation control behind bluff bodies from controlling/reattaching surface boundary layers to interacting with the wake flow.
Assessment of Ice Accretion Effects on Rotor Dynamics via Multi-Body and CFD Approaches
Authors:   McGill University, Kelly Daniel ,   Politecnico di Milano, Alicino Roberto , Fouladi Habibollah , Habashi Wagdi , Fossati Marco , Quaranta Giuseppe , Masarati Pierangelo
Published: October 2024

A numerical approach is outlined to determine the degraded performance and changes in flight characteristics of a helicopter rotor due to icing. The methodology loosely couples a multibody dynamics code and a Computational Fluid Dynamics-based ice accretion code in an effort to reach a compromise between computational resources and model accuracy. Ice accretion is calculated at several radial sections in a quasi-3D analysis. The dynamics code then determines the degraded flight conditions of the helicopter. Ice shedding from the rotor is addressed through a simplified model which predicts shedding through a computation of cohesion and adhesion stresses due to centrifugal loading. The technique has been applied to a helicopter rotor blade in hover flight, demonstrating an increase in torque and a significant loss in the figure of merit.
Compressible Dynamic Stall of an SSC-A09 Airfoil Subjected to Coupled Pitch and Freestream Mach Oscillations
Authors:   The Ohio State University, Gregory James , Bons Jeffrey , Hird Kyle , Frankhouser Matthew
Published: October 2024

This work presents results from an experimental investigation of the compressible dynamic stall characteristics of an SSC-A09 airfoil. It is a study of not only the effects of airfoil pitch oscillations, but also coupled free stream Mach/pitch oscillations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of local sinusoidal velocity that is encountered in the blade frame of reference on rotorcraft in forward flight. This investigation was undertaken in the OSU 6" x 22" unsteady transonic wind tunnel. The pitch and/or flow can be oscillated at a rate up to 21 Hz (reduced frequency up to 0.05), with a Mach number of 0.40 ± 0.05 and a mean Reynolds number from 2 to 3.5 million. Steady data was also taken without freestream oscillations but with pitch oscillations, at Mach numbers ranging from 0.2 to 0.6. The results presented in this paper investigate the effects of the phase relationship between the angle of attack and Mach oscillation waveforms, in order to study the impact of the Mach oscillations on dynamic stall. Periods of flow acceleration were found to have a stabilizing effect on the dynamic stall event.
Design and Fabrication Elements to Unmanned Rotorcraft ILX-27
Authors:   Institute of Aviation Warsaw - Poland, Gula Paweł
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this paper is to describe the work done in the Polish unmanned helicopter ILX-27 project. The paper will present the conceptual design and the next stage - fabrication of fuselage components including composite and metal structures. Attention will also be given to the manufacturing technology, including mass and strength optimization, incorporation of new materials and tests. The usage of new graphic CAM software and CNC tools, in order to reduce time and costs, as well as rising the quality of particular elements, will be crucial for this paper. Modern technologies and materials, including composites, which considerable allow to obtain economical and reliability improvement, will also be a subject of discussion.
Exploration of Novel Powerplant Architectures for Hybrid Electric Helicopters
Authors:   University of Maryland, Nagaraj Vengalattore , Chopra Inderjit
Published: October 2024

A comprehensive survey of power source choices for helicopter use is presented. Using the University of Maryland helicopter sizing code, several powerplant and drive options including electric batteries, fuel cells, gasoline and diesel powered piston engines, turboshaft engines, electric generators, and electric motors are evaluated for two helicopters: a two-seat 600 kg class helicopter similar to the Robinson R22 (payload of 180 kg and endurance of about 2 hours) and a 1700 kg class helicopter similar to the EC120 (payload of 400 kg and endurance of about 4 hours). Recent developments in diesel and gas turbine powered electric generators (Range Extender) and integrated electric motor-gear boxes are surveyed and evaluated for helicopter use. A survey of electric motors and integrated gear boxes shows the availability of geared electric motors with high specific powers. The objective is that the alternate-powered helicopters should have the same payload, range and endurance capabilities as the baseline helicopters. Parametric studies are conducted with various power sources including IC engines, battery, fuel cell, range extender, integrated electric motor and gear box. These results show that the pure diesel engine option is an attractive fuel efficient option for both helicopters. The diesel hybrid electric option results in a heavier helicopter that has higher fuel consumption. However, all these options have lower take-off weights than the existing baseline helicopters and the hybrid diesel electric option can be a practical lead-in for a pure electric helicopter.
An Evaluation of Three Technologies for Rotating/Non-Rotating Data Transfer
Authors:   United Technologies Research Center, Matalanis Claude ,   DHI, Moore Jonathan ,   Sikorsky Aircraft, Scott Mark , Soldner Nicholas , Bajekal Sanjay , Jonsson Ulf , Lakamraju Vijaya , Wake Brian , Piet Marcel
Published: October 2024

Under the Mission Adaptive Rotor (MAR) program, a comprehensive trades study was conducted in order to determine the best combination of technologies for overall system benefit. Given the basic requirements of an active rotor system, reliable data transfer between the fuselage and rotor was quickly identified as crucial to enabling nearly all other MAR devices under consideration. A wide range of different devices ranging from all-wireless technologies to conventional systems currently employed for blade de-ice were considered. After a coarse down-select, three technologies were selected for further, more detailed investigation: metal-fiber brush slip-rings, rotary transformers, and fiber optic rotary joints. The main risks associated with each technology were identified, prioritized, and investigated experimentally in the work presented here. Results of vibratory testing while transferring data are given for each technology. Other experiments were performed to address risks specific to each technology. The findings are collected and summarized to provide an overall comparison of these technologies.
Computing Industry Applications to Rotorcraft Avionics
Authors:   The Boeing Company, Augenstein Andrew , Hansen Mark
Published: October 2024

Currently avionics and software systems are developed for military platforms in a program specific or "siloed" environment as compared to the more open development of commercial computing systems. Military systems have typically been developed without much consideration for on-going developments and emerging trends from the commercial computing industry (personal computing and embedded environment applications, e.g., cars, mobile devices). Additionally, the various military services, platforms, or companies design single point solutions and at times duplicate functionality that provides the same system level capability. This can and has lead to duplication or redundant parallel efforts, potentially diverging standards, additional cost or effort, and a lack of synergy. The purpose of this paper is to compare military rotorcraft avionics development and integration methods with those employed by the broader computing industry. The paper provides background on the business drivers impacting the evolution of military hardware and software technologies, both of which have led to the current military environment. The paper describes broader industry common practices, largely driven by open competition, that continue to shape commercial software development. The paper describes certain best practices applied to commercial developments that are just now emerging on military programs. Each section will analyze some of most promising paradigms that can be leveraged to the development of rotorcraft avionics systems. The Future Airborne Capability Environment (FACE™) and other open standards, initiatives, and standards bodies are key elements of the evolving approach for military software intensive systems development and integration.
Apache Mission Processor Software Architecture: Future Airborne Capability Environment Considerations
Authors:   US Army, Johnson Dale ,   The Boeing Company, Koontz Ronald
Published: October 2024

Open Systems Architecture (OSA) applied to rotorcraft avionics has continued to mature and evolve during the past decade. The Apache attack helicopter Mission Processor software architecture, Networked Common Operating Real-time Environment (NCORE), was originally architected to reduce life-cycle costs, minimize the time to incorporate and field new capabilities, take advantage of new software technologies and improve the organization of existing functional capabilities. The Open Group’s Future Airborne Capability Environment (FACE™) consortium is an ongoing joint industry, academia, Department of Defense initiative that is defining a new business model and reference architecture with the objective of dramatically reducing new aviation platform development costs and enabling the leveraging of common software applications across platforms: "develop once use often". FACE technical strategies include standardizing interfaces between reference architecture segments, specifying multiple profiles and employing a shared repository based data model that facilitates application reuse across aviation platforms. After providing technical context, analysis leads to the overarching conclusion that the FACE Reference Architecture and future rotorcraft programs that leverage it can benefit from NCORE OSA proven strategies, approaches and decisions. Similarly, the NCORE OSA must continue to evolve and further align with the FACE Reference Architecture to enable both new and existing application reuse and to remain current and relevant.
Fail-Safe Magnetorheological Energy Absorber for a Vertically Stroking Crashworthy Seat Suspension
Authors:   InnoVital Systems Inc., Hiemenz Gregory ,   U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Murugan Muthuvel ,   University of Maryland, Hu Wei , Yoo Jin-Hyeong , Wereley Norman
Published: October 2024

To mitigate injurious effects caused by crash loads, energy absorbing devices in crew seats are utilized to attenuate energy using a controlled seat stroke. The objective of this project is to develop a fail-safe magnetorheological energy absorber (FSMREA) with magnetic bias and demonstrate its ability in adapting stroking load based on occupant weight and crash severity. A multiple rotary vane structure is adopted to obtain a compact and lightweight FSMREA while maximizing energy absorbing capability required for maximum occupant weights. A design analysis is conducted to optimize a permanent magnet and electromagnetic coil configuration. The developed FSMREA is characterized using a rotation testing stand and a dynamic testing machine. The FSMREA force as a function of applied currents and stroking speeds is established. The testing results demonstrate that the FSMREA can provide a fail-safe force for 50th %tile (percentile) male occupant, as well as adaptive minimum and maximum force for 5th %tile female and 95th %tile male occupants, respectively. As a continuously adjustable profile energy absorber, the FSMREA is capable of not only providing optimal protection to the crew seat occupant from crash loads, but also effectively isolating vibration from vehicle motions.
Comparison of Mobile Aircrew Restraint Strategies in a Full-Scale CH-46 Airframe Crash Test
Authors:   NAWC-AD PAX RIVER, Bark Lindley
Published: October 2024

A full-scale crash test of a USMC CH-46 helicopter airframe was conducted at NASA-Langley Research Center. One of the internal experiments was an assessment of mobile aircrew restraint concepts. Two Hybrid III Pedestrian Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATD's) were positioned in a standing position, just aft of the crew door. On the left side, a traditional gunner's belt was employed. On the right side, the Mobile Aircrew Restraint System (MARS) was employed with the Aircrew Endurance vest. The motivation behind this experiment was based on several mishap-based injuries of mobile aircrew that were using traditional gunner's belts. However, correlation of presumed injury causes with equipment deficiencies was difficult because of a near total void of mobile aircrew restraint testing data in a system-level environment. For the condition tested, the measured results for the two ATD's indicated a dramatic reduction in injury probability when employing the MARS. In contrast, the ATD equipped with the gunner's belt experienced accelerations and forces that could generally be considered lethal.
Performance of CH-46 Pilot seats in NASA Full Scale Crash Test
Authors:   BAE Systems Inc., Harris Alex ,   Naval Air Warfare Center - Aircraft Division, Bark Lindley
Published: October 2024

This paper analyzes the performance of two CH-46 crew seats that were included in the full-scale CH-46 airframe crash test conducted on 28 August 2013 at the NASA Langley Research Center. The CH-46 crashworthy armored crew seat is an adaption of the H-53 Sea Stallion crashworthy armored crew seat and was qualified by similarity. During the crash tests, the CH-46 crew seats met the required structural performance for the test; specifically, they remained attached to the floor of the aircraft (without failing the floor structure), maintained the seat's structural integrity, and restrained the occupants. This paper compares the full-scale test performance to the qualification test performance of the seat. For the co-pilot seat, the MA-16 inertia reel was augmented with a Pre-tensioning Aircrew Restraint System (PARS), which may have resulted in some differences in the test results compared to the pilot position, most notably an improvement in the measured lumbar load. The test results indicate that the crew seats' performance in the airframe crash test was satisfactory, despite significant differences in the full-scale crash test input pulse as compared to the historical qualification test pulse. It should be noted that this seat design is decades old and the airframe crash test has resulted in substantially better visibility of the seat's performance in a "real-world" situation. This, coupled with improved crashworthy seat design practices, could lead to seating systems that would not only provide good energy-absorption, but would also accommodate additional features to further improve crash injury mitigation.
A Simple Short-Term Solution to Helicopter Spatial Disorientation During Operations in Degraded Visual Environments
Authors:   USAARL, Rupert Angus ,   University of Canberra, McGrath Braden ,   AED AMRDEC, McKay Joe ,   Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Drakunov Sergey , Ramiccio John
Published: October 2024

For the past 10 years, the number one operational helicopter problem reported by the military operating in desert environments is the inability to maintain control of the aircraft in degraded visual environments (DVE). A DVE mishap is a special subset of the Spatial Disorientation (SD) mishap. SD is defined as the inability of the pilot to correctly perceive the position, motion or attitude of the aircraft relative to the earth or other significant objects. The U.S. military establishment has been developing a three-pronged approach to reduce the problem of operating helicopters in DVE including; the development of active sensors capable of sufficient dust penetration to form an image of the terrain and obstacles, enhanced automation that improves pilot ability to maintain control, and improved man-machine interfaces that increase pilots awareness of spatial orientation. Rather than continuing down the traditional path of ever more complex advanced visual displays that have continuously added to workload and divided attention from the outside environment, it is now time to consider the adoption/addition of a non-visual display technology for veridical orientation information. Non-visual displays will permit the pilot to devote visual attention to either visual instruments or transition to search for outside visual cues while fully confident he/she is in full control of the aircraft despite being in a DVE environment. All animals in nature use this approach - multiple sensory systems to provide redundant, concurrent information that automatically maintains spatial orientation.
Improvement of the method of diagnostics and treatment of injuries and diseases of the maxillofacial region
Authors: Tsoi Andrei , Eshiev Abdyrakhman , Kurmanbekov Nursultan , Eshiev Daniyar , Myrzasheva Nazgul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to describe and apply a special endolift device in the treatment of various injuries to the zygomatic-orbital-facial complex as a means of forming an endoscopic space. A patented technique of creating an endoscopic area using an endolift device in the field of maxillofacial surgery, registered under the number 2082 dated 31.07.2018 in the Kyrgyz Republic, on the example of a clinical case, was presented. The endolift is a metal two-piece device that consists of a horizontal round mini plate up to 10 mm in diameter and a perpendicularly located hollow tube up to 4 mm in diameter in the centre of the plate with two holes at the top. The method of endoscopic space formation using endolift was used in 15 patients with various traumas to the maxillofacial region. An example of a clinical case is presented by patient J.B., 36 years old, who underwent endoscopic minimally invasive surgery to reconstruct a mandibular fracture. The course of the operation included a small incision in the submandibular region, soft tissue separation, skeletonization of the jaw, and the formation of a tunnel, for the endolift. The endolift was inserted into the tunnel and an endoscope was inserted through it for visualisation. After alignment of the bone fragments and fixation with a miniplate through the endolift, the wound was sutured, and a dressing was applied. There were no complications during or after surgery in all 15 cases of surgery. Patients were discharged 3 days after the operation in satisfactory condition. The sutures were removed on the 7th day. Functional and cosmetic results were evaluated as satisfactory. The use of this method of treatment ultimately determines the degree of effectiveness, safety, and quality of life of the performed manipulations for patients, especially in countries with low levels of economic development.
Un’indagine multidisciplinare sul partito politico come organizzazione “atipica”
Authors: TUCCARI EMANUELE
Published: October 2024

Nell’introdurre il presente volume – dedicato a “Partiti politici: istituzioni, associazioni, movimenti” – desidero limitarmi soltanto ad alcune minime considerazioni, ripercorrendo sinteticamente il percorso d’indagine proposto dai diversi contributi raccolti (§ 1), prima di tratteggiare l’attuale stato dell’arte normativo (§ 2) e di suggerire dei possibili spunti di riflessione funzionali a valorizzare la dimensione necessariamente multidisciplinare dell’analisi sull’organizzazione partitica (§ 3).
Modelli di partito e leadership politica: il caso del MoVimento Cinque Stelle
Authors: CHIAPPONI FLAVIO
Published: October 2024

L'articolo analizza la trasformazione dei partiti politici all'interno delle democrazie contemporanee, concentrandosi sul caso del Movimento Cinque Stelle (M5S) come esemplare del modello di “partito personale”, in cui il potere politico è sempre più concentrato attorno a singoli leader a scapito delle strutture di partito collettive. Questa tendenza riflette un più ampio cambiamento nella governance democratica, che enfatizza i singoli attori politici rispetto alla competizione ideologica o programmatica dei partiti. Il M5S, emerso nel “paradiso populista” italiano, mostra l'impatto della personalizzazione sulle dinamiche organizzative e sul processo di istituzionalizzazione dei partiti politici. Lo studio esplora i quadri teorici appropriati per analizzare la struttura organizzativa e lo stile di leadership del M5S, evidenziando la miscela unica di autorità personale e strategie di coinvolgimento mediatico che definiscono il suo approccio alla mobilitazione politica. Attraverso un esame empirico dell'evoluzione del M5S dalla sua fondazione allo stato attuale, l'articolo fa luce sulle sfide e le opportunità presentate dalla personalizzazione nello sviluppo dei partiti politici. Valuta criticamente il contributo del M5S al discorso sui modelli di partito e sulla leadership nella scienza politica, suggerendo che il M5S rappresenta un'entità ibrida che sfida le categorizzazioni tradizionali, rendendo così necessaria una rivalutazione del modo in cui la personalizzazione influenza l'istituzionalizzazione dei partiti. Infine, l'articolo propone una classificazione
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Organizzare la democrazia a livello sovranazionale? Il caso dei partiti europei
Authors: SALVATI EUGENIO
Published: October 2024

Il rafforzamento dei partiti politici a livello europeo (PPEL) è una questione saliente per la politica europea a causa della stretta relazione che esiste con lo stato della democrazia europea. Poiché i partiti hanno tradizionalmente svolto il ruolo di collegamento tra le istituzioni e la società, è fondamentale valutare se e come i PPEL possano svolgere efficacemente questa funzione nel complesso contesto dell'Unione europea, nonché se possano garantire un notevole livello di coinvolgimento e partecipazione democratica tra i cittadini europei. L'adempimento di questi compiti potrebbe essere considerato una componente essenziale dello sviluppo della democrazia a livello europeo. Per queste ragioni, in questo articolo ci proponiamo di delineare il modello di governance e organizzativo dei PPEL, e in particolare di valutare lo stato della democrazia interna ai partiti e della partecipazione all'interno degli europartiti. A tal fine, vengono esaminati numerosi fattori organizzativi, con particolare attenzione agli aspetti relativi agli strumenti utilizzati per promuovere l'adesione e la partecipazione individuale. L'analisi fornisce la prova che l'attuale struttura di governance del PPEL non supporta un coinvolgimento e una partecipazione più ampi e, di conseguenza, gli europartiti rimangono in gran parte isolati dalle società europee. I difetti democratici di questi partiti hanno inevitabilmente un impatto negativo sul rafforzamento della democrazia dell'UE.
Alcune considerazioni per una legge sui partiti politici
Authors: IORIO GIOVANNI
Published: October 2024

Il dibattito sulla democrazia interna nei partiti politici è quanto mai attuale. Il presente documento affronta la questione, chiedendo un intervento del legislatore per consentire agli iscritti di partecipare effettivamente ai vari momenti della vita del partito. Inoltre, il documento risponde alle varie obiezioni che di volta in volta sono state sollevate nei confronti di una riforma che affronti il tema della democrazia interna.
The Social Contract at Risk: COVID-19 Misinformation in South Africa
Authors: Kruger Wouter H. , Henrico Ivan , Smit Hendrik A.P.
Published: October 2024

Technological advancements and the ubiquity of digital platforms have accelerated the spread of false information, undermining governance and social harmony. Despite its significance, there remains no academic consensus on a taxonomy for the various manifestations of false information. This study addresses this gap and examines the complex societal implications of misinformation. The research identifies motives behind the spread of false information and assesses its impact on governance and social contracts, with a focus on South Africa during the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A qualitative approach was followed, using documentary research and secondary analysis of qualitative data. While global trends in misinformation were initially explored, the study primarily focused on South Africa, covering the period from the first confirmed COVID-19 case in Wuhan in December 2019 to 5 March 2021, one year after South Africa’s first reported case. A literature review was conducted to examine the origins and spread of misinformation, including government measures and public responses. The findings revealed that power and greed are primary drivers of misinformation, with entrenched worldviews, scepticism towards authority, and a lack of critical evaluation skills intensifying the issue. The spread of misinformation had significant impacts on governmental crisis management and social cohesion in South Africa.Contribution: This study contributes to understanding misinformation’s societal impact and provides a framework for future empirical studies on crisis management and government-citizen relations. It aligns with the journal’s focus on contemporary challenges in information dissemination.
Exploring preservice teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge for teaching analytical geometry in multilingual classrooms
Authors: Zulu Sibongile , Brijlall Deonarain
Published: October 2024

The narrative permeating higher education institutions globally is the intention to advance the quality of preservice mathematics teachers to gain better performance than mathematics school learners. In this article we report on a qualitative case study which explored the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of preservice teachers (PST) (n = 20) at a South African university of technology. These preservice teachers were provided with activity sheets with past examination questions in analytical geometry. Their written responses were analysed, and verification interviews were conducted. This was followed by an analysis of the preservice teachers’ lesson plans for teaching the topic to Grade 11 learners. The domains and subdomains of the Shulman’s PCK derived Mathematics Teacher’s Specialised Knowledge (MTSK) model were used as the theoretical framework. The study established that the PSTs had limited content knowledge, and knowledge for teaching analytical geometry at Grade 11 as their responses to the activities confirmed that they mostly had procedural understanding. The study was conducted in a context with multilingual PSTs who are training in multilingual classrooms.Contribution: The study will highlight the misconceptions and existing gaps in the PSTs’ knowledge for teaching analytical geometry in multilingual classrooms.
From methodology to theory construction: the case of the point of view in legal theory
Authors: Taralli Tsampika
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the methodological character of the internal point of view (IPoV) will be examined. That the IPoV is a method of legal philosophy is not disputed. What is disputed is which point of view a theorist needs to occupy in order to successfully theorise about law. However, the choice between different points of view is based on the participant the theory chooses to study. This means that the participant’s viewpoint is not a method of our theory but an epistemic point through which the object of our study becomes available. If this is the case, different theories simply aim to study different participants. Hence, the criticisms raised on methodological grounds against theories not taking the IPoV or not taking the correct IPoV lose their force. Here, to demonstrate this point, the paper will offer a definition of method from a theory-construction perspective and examine the uses of the IPoV in Hart’s theory since it is the one that introduced the notion in legal philosophy. I will argue that the IPoV cannot play a methodological role for reaching main epistemic aims, but it can be a method for identifying the object of study.