bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Media in Rare Diseases or “Knowledge Is Power”
Authors: Rodrigues Célia Felícia Belim
Published: February 2020

This chapter focuses on the use of digital media by EURORDIS-Rare Diseases Europe and is specifically committed to understand its contribution to the awareness and diagnosis of rare diseases. To perceive the use of digital media and role in creating awareness of rare diseases, the contents of its website and Facebook page were analyzed. In specific, a promotional video of EURORDIS and a collection of 12 videographically documented stories from 2018 and 2019. The results show the use of various types of content and inherently practices, such as information, clarification, personalization, support, appeal, and empowerment, and of several rhetorical resources. In the dimension of pathos, the author finds elements that motivate awareness and inspire the receiver. Some elements of the logos used are credibility of sender(ethos), testimony (ethos), description of disease and identification of symptoms, exemplification and personalization, factual data, statistic data, and the use of metaphors and repetition.
Public Media Coverage of Rare Diseases and Disorders
Authors: Berdasco-Gancedo Yolanda
Published: February 2020

Rare diseases and disorders are, as the names suggest, a strange or unusual health condition, and so the coverage given by the media is not as extensive as it could be. However, researchers point out that this situation is changing little by little, and there is now more information about those who suffer from these conditions, and their experience. It is quite interesting to see how the public media, especially in the case of Spain, are making a great effort to give a voice and space to people affected by such diseases. In the case of public media, there are many other aspects to be considered. Firstly, the Spanish Broadcasting Corporation, Radio Televisión Española (RTVE) is not tied to private finance. Secondly, these channels are expected to be more independent and, subsequently, there may be no additional pressure to reach high audience share or obtain external funding from private media companies. This is especially interesting in the case of radio broadcasting, as it tends to be a medium with a high level of credibility, and closeness to the audience.
Service-Learning Volunteerism Reboot
Authors: Park Hannah , Minifie Jana Roberta
Published: February 2020

How universities adapt SL varies almost as much as the number of universities that offer those programs as SL can vary from volunteerism to internships. Seventy-seven SL administrators participated in a survey on the perceptions of the U.S. colleges on the definition of SL activities. The survey results indicated the participants less likely consider an academic community engagement project as a SL when it is paid by the community partner. This chapter examines the importance of including funded community engagement scholarship in SL activities. Following the survey results, the chapter further addresses how funding from community partners may strengthen the definition of SL by introducing The Design Laboratory, The Lab, from Memphis College of Art as a case study. The Lab was a student-driven design agency that provided SL activities to the students and communities. Most of The Lab's SL activities were funded by the community partners.
The Use of Engagement Resources in English, Arabic, and EFL Applied Linguistics Research
Authors: Alramadan May Mahdi
Published: February 2020

This study investigates how academics from different cultural backgrounds and levels of expertise use engagement resources to align themselves and their readers towards text-external voices. Using the appraisal theory engagement model, the introduction sections of three sets of texts from Applied Linguistics were analyzed: (1) research articles published in English, (2) research articles published in Modern Standard Arabic, and (3) Master's theses of Saudi EFL students. Results revealed that English- and Arabic-speaking writers prefer different resources due to the impact of culture. Also, Arabic-based patterns appeared in EFL writing supporting the contrastive rhetoric hypothesis at the interpersonal dimension of discourse. The patterns identified had different effects on the type of authorial voice and the nature of reader power-status. The study makes implications for novice EFL academics and for tertiary academic institutions. Explicit instruction of engagement strategies can enculturate student writers into their discipline-specific rhetorical conventions.
Discipline-Focused Revision Practices
Authors: Crain-Dorough Mindy , Elder Adam C.
Published: February 2020

In this chapter, the authors present a conceptual framework grounded in a comprehensive review of the literature that discusses disciplinary writing and scholarly identity, specifically focusing on the role that revision has in both the scholarly writing process and the formation of scholarly identity. A review of the revision process is described, followed by the impacts of discipline and context factors on that process. An example of this process in the social sciences for doctoral students is provided to illustrate the application of the ideas described in the chapter. This discussion concentrates on novice writers such as graduate students and early career researchers. Finally, research-based strategies for providing scholarly writing instruction to graduate students are described with regard to improving students' revision processes.
The Impact of Knowledge of English Rhetorical Patterns of Organisation on BA Accounting and Finance Students' Writing Academic Genres
Authors: Kouti Malika
Published: February 2020

This chapter discusses the impact of knowing the English rhetorical pattern of organisation on BA Accounting and Finance students' academic writing. More specifically, it focuses on the knowledge of how to structure a letter of application for job hunting purposes. This case study involved the analysis of 40 letters of application written by 40 Accounting and Finance students in the Department of Accounting and Finance at the University of Ghardaïa, Algeria after they had been trained to structure this type of letter. The training lasted for two sessions in the Department of Accounting and Finance at Ghardaia University, Algeria. The training was a direct instruction in which students were shown activities that assisted them in mastering the rhetorical pattern of organisation that concerns letters of application. They were also shown the difference between formal and informal letters of application. The obtained results demonstrated the efficiency of the direct instruction in teaching Accounting and Finance students how to write a letter of application.
Humans Enter the Age of Avatarism
Authors: Panos Gregory Peter
Published: February 2020

The internet, social networks, emerging virtual/augmented/mixed reality technology platforms and portals are beginning to utilize and display interactive, spatially relative, three-dimensional versions of objects, persons, and environments. The human need to document and archive one's form, behavior, beliefs, experiences, and wishes is an inherent need and desire of our species to preserve and tell their unique life stories. An ability to track and/or capture human movement, expression, environment, and experience with technology designed to acquire hand gestures, body and facial tracking inputs, as well as speech will play an important role in the life documentation process. The eventual goal will be for humankind to interact with, and be remembered as, autonomous virtual agents beyond the scope of physical life, providing “virtual immortality” to any and all that adopt the capability as it evolves in our culture, and with the machines and applications that we utilize. This chapter explores the age of avatarism.
Immersive Storytelling
Authors: Daut Michael
Published: February 2020

This chapter compares and contrasts the development of traditional cinema and fulldome cinema, describing the way their origins shaped not only their current success and potential as unique cinematic mediums, but also how their cinematic languages developed. There is a vastly different approach to storytelling that filmmakers must understand when creating shows for immersive digital dome theaters versus the approach they would take to tell stories in a traditional film. This chapter identifies key differences between cinema and fulldome and provides a primer for immersive storytelling on the dome from understanding the technology to understanding how most effectively to use the strengths of fulldome while avoiding its weaknesses. Ultimately, this discussion is designed to help creative artists become more effective immersive filmmakers for the fulldome canvas.
The Promises and Challenges of Immersive Education
Authors: Morie Jacquelyn F.
Published: February 2020

This chapter covers immersive media as an educational tool, from its origins as a simulation training device for military applications to more recent examples of how it is being used in education and training today. Educational immersive media provides firsthand experiential learning opportunities. Educational theorists have supported the use of experiential learning as an effective approach even before the current development of digital applications, and these ideas are mentioned briefly. A continuum of immersion is discussed to include several approaches from low cost to high-end simulation. The chapter provides several examples of the ways today's immersive education is being utilized. Benefits as well as challenges and issues of this approach are outlined. A call for future research concludes the chapter.
Artistic Biotechnology
Authors: Stith Krista Marie , Geesa Rachel Louise
Published: February 2020

Biotechnology, the use of organisms or parts of organisms as tools to support and innovate human wants or needs, plays an extensive role in our daily lives. However, biotechnology is minimally addressed in K-12 educational environments. An issue with the lack of biotechnology in curricula is that we, as end-users, are becoming increasingly defined and dependent on biotechnological innovations. We should be able to think critically and form educated decisions about our medical care, the food we eat, and the biotechnological products we do or do not use. The end-user's acceptance of biotechnological solutions to solve a human want or need also may hinge on the ability of the problem-solver to be artistically creative. This chapter introduces artistic biotechnology and provides three exemplars of K-12 classroom lessons anchored in the Design Thinking Model (DTM) with purposeful art integration. The DTM guides instructors and students through solving ill-defined problems for end-users with artistic biotechnological solutions.
Black Girls STEAMing Through Dance
Authors: Allen-Handy Ayana , Ifill Valerie , Schaar Raja Y. , Rogers Michelle , Woodard Monique
Published: February 2020

Black Girls STEAMing through Dance (BGSD) leverages a transdisciplinary partnership among four Black women professors in urban education, dance, industrial/product design, and computing to engage Black girls in a STEAM-infused program to inspire STEAM literacies, STEAM identities, and positive self-concept. BGSD is in its third year of existence and operates across several contexts, including an after-school program for 7- to 12-year-old Black girls, a co-curricular mini course program for 5th and 6th grade girls, and a professional development course for teachers. This chapter highlights how the program was developed and how the use of dance to integrate STEAM is a promising platform to encourage engaged STEAM participation amongst underrepresented Black girls.
Implications of Gamification and Virtual Reality in Higher Education
Authors: Bilro Ricardo Godinho , Loureiro Sandra Maria Correia , Angelino Fernando José de Aires
Published: February 2020

Gamification and virtual reality are becoming more common in higher education, leading to more research toward this topic and its applications. Following this new trend, this chapter identifies and proposes practical applications and future directions for gamification and virtual reality in higher education environments. Authors contribute with precise inputs how to create student engagement and motivation towards learning and academic activities. Future research avenues in these domains are given. Authors draw conclusions about future changes in the educational experiences through gamification and virtual reality.
Features of Effective Professional Development Practices for Teachers as ICT Users
Authors: Çelen Fatma Kübra , Seferoglu Süleyman Sadi
Published: February 2020

In this chapter, the purpose is to present the existing problems and suggestions for the solution of these problems by examining the current situation related to the professional development practices for developing ICT competencies of teachers. According to the results of the research, professional development practices included various problems such as lack of training content in accordance with needs and expectations, lack of quality of materials used, the necessity of the participation process, etc. Expected qualifications related to professional development programs are working with activities that support the teaching process, cooperation with colleagues, supporting theoretical knowledge with practical activities, expert support in the process of professional development, compliance with personal interests and needs. Based on the findings, the professional development programs should be structured in accordance with related criteria such as content, active learning, duration, joint participation, compliance with individual needs, colleague collaboration, and expert support.
The Role of Technology in Early Childhood
Authors: Kaytez Nazan
Published: February 2020

Today, children are acquainted with technological devices such as tablets, smartphones, and computers at an early age; they often use these devices both at home and school for educational and entertainment purposes. The age at which children should start to use technological devices has been discussed for a long time. Both parents and teachers should assume great responsibilities in this regard. Teachers need to consider curricula and decide on the use of technological devices within the framework of the objectives and achievements they determine. In addition, they should use technological devices together with traditional materials in educational activities. They should also guide parents and children about using technological devices effectively.
To Design a Mammogram Edge Detection Algorithm Using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Aggarwal Alankrita , Chatha Deepak
Published: February 2020

An artificial neural network (ANN) is used to resolve problems related to complex scenarios and logical thinking. Nowadays, a cause for concern is the mortality rate among women due to cancer. Generally, women to around 45 years old are the most vulnerable to this disease. Early detection is the only hope for the patient to survive, otherwise it may reach an unrecoverable stage. Currently, there are numerous techniques available for the diagnosis of such diseases out of which mammography is the most trustworthy method for detecting early stage cancer. The analysis of these mammogram images is always difficult to analyze due to low contrast and non-uniform background. The mammogram images are scanned, digitized for processing, nut that further reduces the contrast between region of interest (ROI) and the background. Furthermore, presence of noise, glands, and muscles leads to background contrast variations. The boundaries of the suspected tumor area are always fuzzy and improper. The aim of this article is to develop a robust edge detection technique which works optimally on mammogram images to segment a tumor area.
Knowledge Sharing Behavior, Mentoring and Motivation as Determinants of Employee Performance in Selected New Generation Banks, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Afolayan Oluyinka Titilope , Babalola Yemisi Tomilola
Published: February 2020

Employee performance plays a pivotal role in the attainment of organizational success, especially, in the Nigerian banking industry, due to its high level of dynamism and competition. However, the joint effect between knowledge sharing behavior, mentoring, and motivation on employee performance seems not to have been given attention in the literature. In view of this, this study investigated the interaction between knowledge sharing behavior, mentoring and motivation on employee performance in new generation banks in Lagos, Nigeria. The population comprised 8,334 employees from six new generation banks that are listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). Stratified sampling technique was used to select 1,628 employees. Findings revealed that knowledge sharing behavior, mentoring and motivation jointly influenced employee performance in the selected new generation banks in Lagos, Nigeria. However, in terms of relative contribution to employee performance, motivation made a higher contribution than knowledge sharing behavior while mentoring made no significant contribution to employee performance.
IL-13 Ameliorates Neuroinflammation and Promotes Functional Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Miao Wanying , Zhao Yongfang , Huang Yichen , Chen Di , Luo Chen , Su Wei , Gao Yanqin
Published: February 2020

Microglia play essential roles in neuroinflammatory responses after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Our previous studies showed that phenotypes of microglia, as well as infiltrating macrophages, altered at different stages after CNS injury, which was correlated to functional outcomes. IL-13 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that has been reported to protect against demyelination and spinal cord injury through immunomodulation. The effects of IL-13 in microglia/macrophage–mediated immune responses after TBI remain unknown. In this study, we showed that intranasal administration of IL-13 in male C57BL/6J mice accelerated functional recovery in the controlled cortical impact model of TBI. IL-13 treatment increased the time to fall off in the Rotarod test, reduced the number of foot faults in the foot fault test, and improved the score in the wire hang test up to 28 d after TBI. Consistent with functional improvement, IL-13 reduced neuronal tissue loss and preserved white matter integrity 6 d after TBI. Furthermore, IL-13 ameliorated the elevation of proinflammatory factors and reduced the number of proinflammatory microglia/macrophages 6 d after TBI. Additionally, IL-13 enhanced microglia/macrophage phagocytosis of damaged neurons in the peri-lesion areas. In vitro studies confirmed that IL-13 treatment inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines in rat primary microglia in response to LPS or dead neuron stimulation and increased the ability of microglia to engulf fluorophore-labeled latex beads or dead neurons. Collectively, we demonstrated that IL-13 treatment improved neurologic outcomes after TBI through adjusting microglia/macrophage phenotypes and inhibiting inflammatory responses. IL-13 may represent a potential immunotherapy to promote long-term recovery from TBI.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Sports Medicine: A Concise Resource for Clinicians and Researchers
Authors: Lam Kenneth C. , Marshall Ashley N. , Snyder Valier Alison R.
Published: February 2020

Background

Despite the importance of assessing patient outcomes during patient care, current evidence suggests relatively limited use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) by athletic trainers (ATs). Major barriers to PROM use include lack of knowledge, navigating the intricate process of assessing a wide variety of PROMs, and selecting the most appropriate PROM to use for care. A concise resource for ATs to consult when selecting and implementing PROMs may help facilitate the use of PROMs in athletic health care.

Objective

To review the instrument essentials and clinical utility of PROMs used by ATs.

Methods

We studied 11 lower extremity region–specific, 10 upper extremity region–specific, 6 generic, and 3 single-item PROMs based on the endorsement of at least 10% of ATs who use PROMs, as reported in a recent investigation of PROM use in athletic training. A literature search was conducted for each included PROM that focused on identifying and extracting components of the instrument essentials (ie, instrument development, reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability, and precision) and clinical utility (ie, acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness). Through independent review and group consensus, we also classified each PROM question by International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domain and health-related quality-of-life dimensions.

Key Findings

The PROMs contained in this report generally possessed appropriate instrument essentials and clinical utility. Moreover, the PROMs generally emphasized body structure and function as well as the physical functioning of the patient. Athletic trainers aiming to assess patients via a whole-person approach may benefit from combining different PROMs for use in patient care to ensure broader attention to disablement health domains and health-related quality-of-life dimensions.
Concussion-Symptom Rating Correlation Between Pediatric Patients and Their Parents
Authors: Patsimas Tatiana , Howell David R. , Potter Morgan N. , Provance Aaron J. , Kirkwood Michael W. , Wilson Julie C.
Published: February 2020

Context

Understanding how parents and their children perceive concussion symptoms may provide insights into optimal concussion-management strategies.

Objective

To examine patient-parent correlations and agreement on concussion-symptom ratings, to identify differences in patient-parent symptom reporting between children (8–12 years of age) and adolescents (13–18 years of age), and to evaluate the correlation between patient and parent initial symptom-severity ratings with symptom duration and return-to-play time.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Primary care sports medicine clinic.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 267 patients aged 8 to 18 years seen for care within 21 days of sustaining a concussion. Patients were classified as children (n = 65; age = 11.3 ± 1.4 years; age range, 8–12 years) or adolescents (n = 202; age = 15.5 ± 1.4 years; age range, 13–18 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Each patient and his or her parent (or legal guardian) completed a concussion-symptom–frequency inventory, the Health and Behavior Inventory (HBI), at the initial postinjury examination. Patients were followed until they no longer reported concussion symptoms (symptom-resolution time) and were allowed to return to unrestricted sport participation (return-to-play time).

Results

At the initial examination (8.9 ± 5.2 days postinjury), the symptom-frequency correlation between children and their parents was high (rs = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80, 0.95). Adolescents' symptom-frequency reports were also highly correlated with those of their parents (rs = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.71, 0.85). However, the child-parent correlation was higher than the adolescent-parent agreement (z = 2.21, P = .03). Greater patient (consolidated child and adolescent) HBI ratings were associated with longer symptom-resolution times (coefficient = 0.019; 95% CI = 0.007, 0.031; P = .002) and longer return-to-play times (coefficient = 0.012; 95% CI = 0.002, 0.022; P = .02), whereas parent HBI ratings were not.

Conclusions

Our findings may help to set expectations regarding concussion-symptom durations and return-to-play timing for pediatric patients and their families. Given the patient-parent correlations in our sample, substantial reporting discrepancies between patients and their parents may be a relevant factor for clinicians to investigate further during concussion evaluations.
Proučevanje vzpetin kopastega krasa s pomočjo digitalnega modela višin
Authors: Stefanovski Sašo , Repe Blaž
Published: February 2020

Glavni namen članka je prikaz postopka prepoznavanja in klasifikacije geomorfoloških oblik kopastega krasa na štirih različnih območjih v Sloveniji ter na podlagi morfometrične analize podati nove ugotovitve o Dinarskem kopastem krasu. Analiza je potekala s pomočjo programskega orodja ArcMap 10.4.1, kjer smo oblike prepoznali s pomočjo orodja Fill. Avtorja ugotavljata, da je kopasti kras zelo raznolik tip površja, ki se od območja do območja razlikuje. Največji vpliv na oblikovanost vrhov pripisujeta strukturnim geološkim razmeram ter globini vadozne cone.
Dostopnost zelenih površin za oskrbovance domov starejših občanov v majhnih mestih Slovenije
Authors: Breznik Jana , Brezovar Ženja , Lampič Barbara , Ocvirk Nina , Šipelj Maja , Zavodnik Lamovšek Alma , Zidar Mojca
Published: February 2020

Demografski podatki in podatki o razpoložljivosti kapacitet domov starejših občanov (DSO) v Sloveniji nakazujejo potrebo po spremembi organiziranosti tega segmenta varstva. V prispevku smo se osredotočili na analizo in vrednotenje stanja urejenosti in dostopnosti zelenih površin ter storitev splošnega pomena v majhnih mestih z vidika potreb starejših prebivalcev, ki svojo starost preživljajo v DSO. Hkrati smo ocenili možnosti za dejansko uporabo zelenih površin te skupine prebivalstva. Ugotovili smo, da v Sloveniji potrebujemo temeljite sistemske spremembe na področju institucionalnega varstva starejših občanov, tudi na področju zagotavljanja, urejenosti in uporabe zelenih površin ob DSO.
Strategic Framework for Service Delivery Improvement in School Libraries
Authors: Shonhe Liah , Marambe Evelyn M.
Published: February 2020

One of the fundamentals to building a knowledge-based economy is through the provision of quality information via school libraries. Schools play a fundamental role in raising an educated and informed nation. Therefore, the school library is fundamental to the teaching and learning activities of the school. The school library should be able to provide resources that are relevant to the school curriculum and also be able to provide quality information services to both students and teachers. That being said, this study introduces a school library assessment model that can be used by school management and librarians to evaluate the effectiveness of their school library resources and services. The proposed model integrates the IFLA school library guidelines and the LibQUAL model. The study is based on literature review to explicitly present the proposed model. The proposed school library assessment model is expected to help school librarians to implement the right programs and acquire the right resources for the school library, to be able to meet the users` information needs and satisfy them, thereby making the library relevant to the 21st century information era. This will further ensure that the school library is rightly positioned to support training and teaching activities effectively. As a result, quality education and lifelong learning skills will be realized.Keywords: School libraries, LibQUAL, quality, service, service delivery framework,
Quality Assurance Variables and Information Service Delivery in Federal University Libraries in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Okechukwu Alphonsus Onyekachi , Monokpo Baribuma Bori
Published: February 2020

The study investigated the influence of four selected variables of quality assurance (library collections, human resources, library environment and funding) on information service delivery in federal university libraries in south-south zone of Nigeria. The study adopted the survey research design. The population and sample size of the study was 178 comprising 64 professional librarians and 114 para-professional librarians using the census sampling technique. A researcher-developed questionnaire–Quality Assurance Variables and Information Service Delivery Questionnaire (QAVISDQ) validated by three independent assessors and with reliability coefficient of .82 determined using Cronbach Alpha reliability package in SPSS 20 - were used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using Mean and Standard Deviation to answer the research question and dependent t-test to test the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The findings from data analysis showed that the investigated quality assurance variables had significant influence on information service delivery in federal university libraries in south-south, Nigeria. It was concluded based on the findings of the study that information service delivery in university libraries is determined and influenced by the quality of the collections, human resources, library environment and the adequacy of funding. Consequently, it is recommended among others that government should ensure proper allocation of funds for academic libraries as all the quality assurance variables cannot be put in place without the availability of funds and that university libraries and librarians should take up the initiative to proactively improve the quality of their resources and services by sourcing for funds through partnership and collaboration with corporate bodies, philanthropic individuals and so on.Keywords: Quality Assurance Variables, Library Collections, Human Resources, Information Service Delivery
A Study on Distribution and Characteristics of Radon Concentration in Metro Line 1 in Busan
Authors: Choi Seongwoo , Cha Youngwook , Cho Youngman , Cho Jeonggu
Published: February 2020

Objective : Adverse health effects of Radon with a particular focus on indoor environment has been outlined. Most of the metro stations and platforms are situated under the ground where relatively enhanced concentration of radon has been observed.Method : On-line measurements of indoor Radon have been made in Metro Line 1 in Busan using RAD-7.Results and Discussion : The average concentration of Radon was 8.9 Bq/m3 (n=40). In general, a positive relation was shown between the level of radon and the depth of station. Slightly enhanced radon concentrations were observed between 0 a.m. ~ 5 a.m. when the station is closed under the non-operation of ventilation system. Interestingly, the negative relation was seen between the radon revel and temperature.Conclusions : Relatively low levels of indoor radon has been observed in Metro Line 1 in Busan, which may be associated with geographical location of non-granite regions.
Trauma: Um Estudo sobre a Inibição Generalizada (ou Econômica)
Authors: Câmara Leonardo , Herzog Regina
Published: February 2020

Freud descreveu, em seu trabalho “Inibição, sintoma e angústia” (1926), duas formas de inibição da ação: uma relacionada à evitação da reatualização de conflitos psíquicos, da instauração de um novo ato de recalcamento e da emissão de angústia-sinal (inibição específica); outra conexa a situações de empobrecimento de energia disponível no eu (inibição generalizada). Os autores do presente artigo buscam aprofundar a descrição do mecanismo metapsicológico do segundo tipo de inibição – ao qual propõem a designação alternativa de “inibição econômica” –, baseando-se, para isso, no modelo de trauma desenvolvido por Freud em “Além do princípio do prazer” (1920). Essa forma de inibição é uma medida emergencial do eu cuja finalidade é alterar o gerenciamento de energia em favor de tarefas psíquicas prioritárias, que demandam elevado custo energético para sua realização.
A Elaboração Conceitual da Teoria Freudiana do Desencadeamento e Estabilização
Authors: Lima Cláudia Henschel de , Pedrosa Lopes Ana Flavia
Published: February 2020

O ponto de partida do artigo é mostrar a relevância e a atualidade da teoria freudiana da psicose. Nesse sentido, o objetivo é retomar a literatura visando a delimitar uma hipótese inaugural sobre o desencadeamento e a estabilização, em que a perturbação do funcionamento pulsional já se constituía como fator importante na etiologia psíquica de seu desencadeamento e o delírio, como um trabalho psíquico de reparação, de estabilização. Para isso, o artigo expõe um levantamento das referências freudianas a fim de mostrar o desenvolvimento epistemológico de uma pesquisa etiológica cuja especificidade reside em: 1. Considerar a etiologia da psicose à luz da invasão pulsional; 2. Isolar, por meio do conceito de rejeição, um processo psíquico específico de defesa contra a pulsão cujo resultado é a perda da realidade; 3. Definir a função do delírio como reparador, restituidor da realidade.
Consumir e Consumir-se: Gozo e Capitalismo na Contemporaneidade
Authors: Pereira Luiz Felipe Lima , Silva Talita Miranda da , Couto Daniela Paula do , Silva Mardem Leandro
Published: February 2020

Em tempos de um capitalismo fluido e que se retroalimenta ideologicamente, em que a pretensa necessidade do consumo desenfreado de objetos de desejo aponta para a promessa da conquista de um gozo irrestrito, a herança do ensino e da clínica de Lacan, sustentada por seu retorno a Freud, reafirma-se como um poderoso instrumento de análise, crítica e desalienação social. A partir disso, o presente artigo pretende analisar criticamente, por meio da proposição lacaniana dos discursos e do laço social, a recente cultura do consumo e o papel planejado da frustração do gozo nas relações sociais e de mercado, além da influência desses elementos como produtores de subjetividade. O fenômeno do consumo excessivo se torna altamente relevante por tomar grandes proporções na constituição do sujeito da pós-modernidade, fazendo-se indispensável para uma análise das relações sociais, econômicas e culturais na contemporaneidade.
Trabalhar e Adoecer: Temporalização de Trabalhadores(as) da Agroindústria
Authors: Silveira Andréa Luiza da , Merlo Álvaro Roberto Crespo
Published: February 2020

Por meio da compreensão da relação entre o processo de trabalho e o projeto de ser trabalhador(a), discriminamos três dimensões da temporalização de trabalhadores(as) de uma unidade frigorífica do Oeste catarinense que adoeceram pelo trabalho. As investigações foram realizadas utilizando-se de entrevistas narrativas com trabalhadores(as) e sindicalistas. Como resultados parciais desta pesquisa, encontramos três dimensões da experiência que incidem na temporalização ou personalização, quais sejam: trabalhar com dor, sofrer e trabalhar, e antes e depois do adoecimento. A partir da experiência dos trabalhadores ressaltamos que trabalhar com dor implica numa mudança da corporeidade e na temporalização em que o adoecimento pelo trabalho se torna o projeto de ser trabalhador(a).
The Structures of the Film Experience by Jean-Pierre Meunier
Authors: Hanich Julian , Fairfax Daniel , Andrew Dudley , Sobchack  Vivian , Lous Baronian Marie-Aude , Ferencz Christian , Sinnerbrink Robert , Ince Kate , Kirsten Guido , Fan Victor , Sprenger Florian , Barket Jennifer , Hediger Vinzenz
Published: February 2020

For the first time this volume makes Jean-Pierre Meunier’s insightful thoughts on the film experience available for an English-speaking readership. Introduced and commented by specialists in film studies and philosophy, Meunier’s intricate phenomenological descriptions of the spectator’s engagement with fiction films, documentaries and home movies can reach the wide audience they have deserved ever since their publication in French in 1969.
Studying Film with André Bazin
Authors: Joret Blandine
Published: February 2020

The impact of French film critic André Bazin (1918-1958) on the development of film studies, though generally acknowledged, remains contested. A passionate initiator of film culture during his lifetime, his ideas have been challenged, defended and revived throughout his afterlife. Studying Film with André Bazin offers an entirely original interpretation of major concepts from Bazin’s legacy, such as auteur theory, realism, film language and the influence of film on other arts (poetry and painting in particular). By examining mostly unknown and uncollected texts, Blandine Joret explains Bazin’s methodology and adopts it in a contemporary reading, linking his ideas to major philosophical and scientific frameworks as well as more recent media practices such as advertising, CGI, 3D cinema and Virtual Reality. In tune with 21st-century concerns in media culture and film studies, this book addresses a wide readership of film scholars, students and cinephiles.
Wind sensing with drone-mounted wind lidars: proof of concept
Authors: Vasiljević Nikola , Harris Michael , Tegtmeier Pedersen Anders , Rolighed Thorsen Gunhild , Pitter Mark , Harris Jane , Bajpai Kieran , Courtney Michael
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The fusion of drone and wind lidar technology introduces the exciting possibility of performing high-quality wind measurements virtually anywhere. We present a proof-of-concept (POC) drone–lidar system and report results from several test campaigns that demonstrate its ability to measure accurate wind speeds. The POC system is based on a dual-telescope continuous-wave (CW) lidar, with drone-borne telescopes and ground-based optoelectronics. Commercially available drone and gimbal units are employed. The demonstration campaigns started with a series of comparisons of the wind speed measurements acquired by the POC system to simultaneous measurements performed by nearby mast-based sensors. On average, an agreement down to about 0.1 m s−1 between mast- and drone-based measurements of the horizontal wind speed is found. Subsequently, the extent of the flow disturbance caused by the drone downwash was investigated. These tests vindicated the somewhat conservative choice of lidar measurement ranges made for the initial wind speed comparisons. Overall, the excellent results obtained without any drone motion correction and with fairly primitive drone position control indicate the potential of drone–lidar systems in terms of accuracy and applications. The next steps in the development are outlined and several potential applications are discussed.
Sterol preservation in hypersaline microbial mats
Authors: Shen Yan , Thiel Volker , Suarez-Gonzalez Pablo , Rampen Sebastiaan W. , Reitner Joachim
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Microbial mats are self-sustaining benthic ecosystems
composed of highly diverse microbial communities. It has been proposed that
microbial mats were widespread in Proterozoic marine environments, prior to
the emergence of bioturbating organisms at the Precambrian–Cambrian
transition. One characteristic feature of Precambrian biomarker records is
that steranes are typically absent or occur in very low concentrations. This
has been explained by low eukaryotic source inputs, or degradation of
primary produced sterols in benthic microbial mats (“mat-seal effect”). To
better understand the preservational pathways of sterols in microbial mats,
we analyzed freely extractable and carbonate-bound lipid fractions as well
as decalcified extraction residues in different layers of a recent
calcifying mat (∼1500 years) from the hypersaline Lake 2 on
the island of Kiritimati, central Pacific. A variety of C27–C29
sterols and distinctive C31 4α-methylsterols (4α-methylgorgosterol and 4α-methylgorgostanol, biomarkers for
dinoflagellates) were detected in freely extractable and carbonate-bound
lipid pools. These sterols most likely originated from organisms living in
the water column and the upper mat layers. This autochthonous biomass
experienced progressive microbial transformation and degradation in the
microbial mat, as reflected by a significant drop in total sterol
concentrations, up to 98 %, in the deeper layers, and a concomitant
decrease in total organic carbon. Carbonate-bound sterols were generally low
in abundance compared to the freely extractable portion, suggesting that
incorporation into the mineral matrix does not play a major role in the
preservation of eukaryotic sterols in this mat. Likewise, pyrolysis of
extraction residues suggested that sequestration of steroid carbon skeletons
into insoluble organic matter was low compared to hopanoids. Taken together,
our findings argue for a major mat-seal effect affecting the distribution
and preservation of steroids in the mat studied. This result markedly
differs from recent findings made for another microbial mat growing in the
nearby hypersaline Lake 22 on the same island, where sterols showed no
systematic decrease with depth. The observed discrepancies in the taphonomic
pathways of sterols in microbial mats from Kiritimati may be linked to
multiple biotic and abiotic factors including salinity and periods of
subaerial exposure, implying that caution has to be exercised in the
interpretation of sterol distributions in modern and ancient microbial mat
settings.
Plant trait response of tundra shrubs to permafrost thaw and nutrient addition
Authors: Iturrate-Garcia Maitane , Heijmans Monique M. P. D. , Cornelissen J. Hans C. , Schweingruber Fritz H. , Niklaus Pascal A. , Schaepman-Strub Gabriela
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Plant traits reflect growth strategies and trade-offs in response to environmental conditions. Because of climate warming, plant traits might adapt, altering ecosystem functions and vegetation–climate interactions. Despite important feedbacks of plant trait changes in tundra ecosystems with regional climate, with a key role for shrubs, information on responses of shrub functional traits is limited. Here, we investigate the effects of experimentally increased permafrost thaw depth and (possibly thaw-associated) soil nutrient availability on plant functional traits and strategies of arctic shrubs in northeastern Siberia. We hypothesize that shrubs will generally shift their strategy from efficient conservation to faster acquisition of resources through adaptation of leaf and stem traits in a coordinated whole-plant fashion. Thereto we ran a 4-year permafrost thaw and nutrient fertilization experiment with a fully factorial block design and six treatment combinations – permafrost thaw (control, unheated cable, heated cable) x fertilization (no-nutrient addition, nutrient addition). We measured ten leaf and stem traits related to growth, defence and the resource economics spectrum in four shrub species, which were sampled in the experimental plots. The plant trait data were statistically analysed using linear mixed-effect models and principal component analysis (PCA). The response to increased permafrost thaw was not significant for most shrub traits. However, all shrubs responded to the fertilization treatment, despite decreased thaw depth and soil temperature in fertilized plots. Shrubs tended to grow taller, but did not increase their stem density or bark thickness. We found a similar coordinated trait response for all four species at leaf and plant level, i.e. they shifted from a conservative towards a more acquisitive resource economy strategy upon fertilization. In accordance, results point towards a lower investment into defence mechanisms, and hence increased shrub vulnerability to herbivory and climate extremes. Compared to biomass and height only, detailed data involving individual plant organ traits such as leaf area and nutrient contents or stem water content can contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of feedbacks between shrub growth strategies, permafrost thaw and carbon and energy fluxes. In combination with observational data, these experimental tundra trait data allow for a more realistic representation of tundra shrubs in dynamic vegetation models and robust prediction of ecosystem functions and related climate-vegetation-permafrost feedbacks.
DENOISING OF LIDAR ECHO SIGNAL BASED ON WAVELET ADAPTIVE THRESHOLD METHOD
Authors: Long S. H. , Zhou G. Q. , Wang H. Y. , Zhou X. , Chen J. L. , Gao J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The wavelet threshold method is widely used in signal denoising. However, traditional hard threshold method or soft threshold method is deficient for depending on fixed threshold and instability. In order to achieve efficient denoising of echo signals, an adaptive wavelet threshold denoising method, absorbing the advantages of the hard threshold and the soft threshold, is proposed. Based on the advantages of traditional threshold method, new threshold function is continuous, steerable and flexibly changeable by adjusting two parameters. The threshold function is flexibly changed between the hard threshold and the soft threshold function by two parameter adjustments. According to the Stein unbiased risk estimate (SURE), this new method can determine thresholds adaptively. Adopting different thresholds adaptively at different scales, this method can automatically track noise, which can effectively remove the noise on each scale. Therefore, the problems of noise misjudgement and incomplete denoising can be solved, to some extent, in the process of signal processing. The simulation results of MATLAB show that compared with hard threshold method and soft threshold method, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the proposed de-noising method is increased by nearly 2dB, and 4dB respectively. It is safely to conclude that, when background noise eliminated, the new wavelet adaptive threshold method preserves signal details effectively and enhances the separability of signal characteristics.
MONITORING TIANJIN LAND SUBSIDENCE BY SBAS-INSAR BASED ON SENTINEL-1A SAR IMAGES
Authors: Zhu Z. L. , Ren C. , Zhou L. , Shi X. J. , Li X. G. , Zhang D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In order to understand the spatial-temporal evolution of land subsidence in Tianjin, in this study, we applied the Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique to process 36 Sentinel-1A images acquired between 2015 and 2018 released by European Space Agency (ESA). The results show that during the study period, most of the regional land subsidence rate in study area ranged from −18 to 9 mm/a from 2015 to 2018, and the maximum subsidence rate exceeded 75 mm/a, the largest subsidence center is located in Wang qingtuo Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin. Furthermore, the SBAS-InSAR-derived result was verified by levelling data. The alignment was relatively high, and the maximum and minimum deviation were 6.4 mm and 3.3 mm, respectively, demonstrating that the SBAS-InSAR technique is feasible to monitor land subsidence in Tianjin area. The main influencing factors with respect to subsidence show different depending on different region. Additionally, the severe land subsidence in Tianjin is mainly caused by rapid urban development and urban surface load increase.
RESEARCH ON BROKEN ROAD CONNECTION METHOD AFTER ROAD EXTRACTION FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGE
Authors: Fan D. L. , Wang B. , Chen Z. L. , Wang L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Aiming at the problem of disconnection after road classification of remote sensing image, this paper proposes an optimization method for broken road connection considering spatial connectivity. The method extracts the road skeleton based on the binarized image after road extraction, and uses the eight neighborhood detection algorithm to find the road breakpoints after road extraction of high-resolution remote sensing image, and removes the isolated points of the road edge according to mathematical morphology filtering. Secondly, use K-means clustering algorithm to search for road breakpoints, and eliminate invalid breakpoints; then, fit the breakpoints of each category through polynomial curves, and record the mathematics of each fitted curve expression; Finally, the coordinate sequences between each kind of breakpoint is calculated according to each fitted polynomial, and the corresponding pixel is filled with the width of the road to realize automatic detection and connection. In this paper, the images after road extraction based on the U-Net network is used to test the method. The results show that the proposed method can better connect the roads formed by road or building shadows. Especially, the single broken road , has a high integrity of the road shape after repairing. The method proposed in this paper has certain reference significance for the classification and repair of linear objects such as roads, power grids and tracks.