bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Eficiente e Sustentável (IDHES): Uma Proposta Alternativa
Authors: Costa Soares Thiago , Dalberto Cassiano Ricardo , Bohn Liana
Published: August 2021

O Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) é o indicador mais comumente utilizado para se mensurar o nível de desenvolvimento de um país. Contudo, vem sendo alvo de várias considerações na literatura, ensejando propostas alternativas, que incorporem outras dimensões em seu cálculo. O presente trabalho se enquadra nessa linha, objetivando incluir uma medida de eficiência aos componentes do IDH. Tal eficiência diz respeito à utilização de recursos no âmbito da educação e da saúde, e também da emissão de dióxido de carbono (CO2), de modo que países que possuam melhor capacidade de aplicação de fatores produtivos obtenham não somente indicadores de eficiência mais elevados, mas também maiores valores do novo índice de desenvolvimento, o IDHES –Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Eficiente e Sustentável. Os resultados apontam que poucos países são completamente eficientes, e que os países de maior renda tendem a conseguir alocar melhor os recursos disponíveis, caracterizando um ciclo de reforço positivo ao desenvolvimento no longo prazo –força que ainda precisa ser desencadeada nos países de baixa renda.
O processo de modernização do futebol na América Latina: uma mirada em muitas perspectivas
Authors: de Souza Neto Georgino Jorge
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tenciona elaborar uma breve análise sobre o impacto das intervenções modernas no espetáculo futebolístico, notadamente o fator mercantil como determinante neste processo. Além disto, apresenta também a estrutura geral do Dossiê “Soy loco por ti, futebol”, que traz diversos olhares sobre o movimento de modernização do futebol na América Latina, assim como evidencia também seus artigos, autores e seções. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, aborda-se as reflexões sobre as mudanças provocadas neste novo cenário a partir do torcer e dos estádios, nocaso brasileiro. Este debate é estabelecido sob a ótica de duas experiências específicas: o fantasy game chamado Cartola F.C.; e a padronização estética dos novos estádios de futebol, pensados espacial e identitariamente como “arenas”. Por fim, os artigos integrantes deste Dossiê são contextualizados ao leitor, descrevendo-se o escopo central de cada texto, bem como as demais seções que compõem este documento, a saber uma entrevista e uma resenha
Carta Editorial
Authors: Cariño-Olvera Martha Micheline , Zarrilli Adrián Gustavo , Umaña Wilson Picado , Santos Antonio Ortega , Miraglia Marina , Dutra e Silva Sandro
Published: August 2021

Carta Editorial
Más allá de las Centrales Nucleares: Cartografía de Conflictos y Resistencias Frente a la Presencia Radiactiva en Andalucía (España)
Authors: Sánchez Vázquez Luis , Escalante Moreno Helios
Published: August 2021

A pesar de que a principios de la década de 1970 hubo proyectos de instalación de centrales nucleares en Andalucía, finalmente no llegó a construirse ninguna. Sin embargo, en territorio andaluz han tenido lugar algunos de los conflictos socioambientales más relevantes relacionados con distintas fases del ciclo nuclear y sus aplicaciones militares en suelo español. Cada uno de ellos ha conllevado movimientos y acciones de resistencia por parte de las comunidades afectadas. En este artículo presentamos cuatro conflictos diferentes, describiendo sus principales afectaciones sociales y ambientales y los movimientos de resistencia que surgen para reclamar reconocimiento y reparación. Para ello empleamos un relato historiográfico que combina los enfoques de la Ecología Política y la Historia Ambiental.
El Cambio de la Actividad Agrícola en los Llanos de Apan: el Caso del Cultivo del Maguey en el Siglo XX
Authors: Ramírez Rodríguez Rodolfo
Published: August 2021

Pocos espacios geográficos dedicados a un solo cultivo extenso en México, como en el mundo, han podido cambiar en menos de una generación humana, esto debido a una serie de alteraciones tanto en la preferencia de cultivos, como en el cambio de uso de suelo y de la propiedad. A pesar de hallarse en la memoria mexicana la imagen de una región donde se privilegiaba el cultivo del maguey de aguamiel, base para la elaboración de la bebida del pulque, esta fue modificada por completo por el incentivo comercial de semillas anuales, siendo favorecida la cebada, precisa para la industria de la cerveza. Por otra parte, la extensión necesaria de los campos de cultivo de maguey, que requería tanto un escalonamiento de plantas, según su edad, como una continua supervisión para ser aprovechadas después de una década, debido a su lento desarrollo, chocó con los intereses inmediatos de los beneficiados por un reparto agrario de las tierras otrora de las haciendas pulqueras. Este reparto no tuvo éxito debido al empobrecimiento de la región lo que motivó la construcción de una planta industrial que aceleró los cambios sociales del lugar. La finalidad era desarrollar una industria embotelladora de pulque, y otros derivados del maguey, que cumpliera con las exigencias sanitarias y de calidad que imponía la modernidad. Sin embargo, a pesar del esfuerzo de ese programa paraestatal, la mala administración y la poca aceptación de un producto diferente al pulque, acabó cuando la política de Estado cambió al neoliberalismo.
Análise da Realização de Educação Ambiental em uma Rede Pública de Ensino: Contribuições de um Modelo Permanente e Coletivo
Authors: Dos Santos Vanessa Schweitzer , Grabowski Gabriel , Schmitt Jairo Lizandro
Published: August 2021

A Educação Ambiental (EA) deve ser inserida permanente e interdisciplinarmente nos currículos escolares, promovendo boas práticas ambientais aos estudantes. Quando estes vivenciam práticas ambientais, podem adquirir competências e criticidade para agirem adequadamente, no plano ambiental. Compreende-se que os docentes envolvidos nestes processos são fundamentais para o sucesso das atividades. Porém, muitas atividades de EA ocorrem de maneira descontextualizada, limitando-se a uma abordagem teórica ou pontual dos temas ambientais. É importante verificar a maneira como a EA acontece, especialmente no ensino público, avaliando suas práticas e resultados para as comunidades escolares. Este estudo verificou a EA realizada na Rede Municipal Ensino de Novo Hamburgo/Brasil, com questionários e entrevistas aplicados à professores. Nesta rede pública há um grupo docente em formação permanente em EA, denominado Coletivo Educador Ambiental. As práticas educativas mais frequentes são associadas aos resíduos, ao cultivo de hortas e a interação entre estudantes e natureza. Essas ações possuem boa aceitação da comunidade e resultam em melhorias no ambiente escolar. Observaram-se algumas atividades que resultam na solução de problemas ambientais das comunidades envolvidas. No entanto, a maioria das ações realizadas limitam-se à propostas de conscientização ou sensibilização, importantes para a área, porém incipientes sob o ponto de vista da resolução de problemas ambientais locais. Percebe-se a necessidade de maior aprofundamento teórico e reflexivo nestas formações, de modo que se compreenda e aborde a temática ambiental em toda sua amplitude. A organização destas atividades sob a forma de Rede de Ensino, por meio do Coletivo Educador Ambiental, pode ser um modelo para o desenvolvimento da EA nas redes públicas de ensino.
Berta Cáceres, Protesta Ambiental en Honduras y la Construcción de Resistencias Comunitarias (1876-2016)6)
Authors: Vijil Rolando Canizales
Published: August 2021

Este artículo examina la protesta ambiental en Honduras desde la Reforma Liberal de 1876 hasta el asesinato de la líder indígena Berta Cáceres en 2016. A esto se añade una revisión de las políticas sobre la propiedad de la tierra del Estado hondureño. Se explican ciclos de revitalización de una protesta ambiental de signo comunitario con la creación del Consejo Cívico de Organizaciones Populares e Indígenas de Honduras (COPINH), fundado por Cáceres y las políticas del sistema liberal concesionario en los últimos años que indican, sobre todo a partir del Golpe de Estado de 2009, un cambio en el ordenamiento político estructural de las modalidades de explotación de la naturaleza. Esta situación condujo al asesinato de Cáceres y a iniciativas cada vez más agresivas en el tema de la concesión de territorios a los capitales nacionales y extranjeros. Sin embargo, también ha movido a que las comunidades rurales conciban nuevas estrategias y discursos que llevan a pensar en una nueva reconfiguración de la movilización social y de sus alternativas de organización de la sociedad en relación con el entorno biofísico.
Redirecting the Blame
Authors: Henkin Kaila
Published: August 2021

N/A
Eat the Rich: The Parasitic Relationship Between Socioeconomic Groups as explored through film by Bong Joon-Ho’s Parasite and Snowpiercer
Authors: Ramos-Niaves Vincent
Published: August 2021

Bong Joon-Ho’s portrayal of Class and the war between those who inhabit either end of the socioeconomic spectrum has long been noted and explored by critics and scholars for years. In particular, his films Parasite and Snowpiercer offer a dynamic exploration of this topic. Existing conversation about these films delves deeply into the symbolism for class and status, but rarely do they come from an emphasis in food studies and the way food can be used to denote socioeconomic structures. While that conversation is growing, I hope to expand it further by focusing on the space and method in which food is consumed in these films through a socioeconomic lens. Parasite and Snowpiercer are essential to this conversation because of their careful use of space. There is a clear spatial divide between the lower and upper classes in these movies that is invaded by a group. With this spatial divide, we see food spaces change in order to reinforce a binary idea of how class structure exists. Along with the change in space, change in method is equally important to analyze. The difference between eating around a table and eating on the couch can be a subtle but powerful image to emphasize socioeconomic position. For these reasons, I seek to explore the way Bong Joon-ho uses food and consumption spaces in order to reinforce socioeconomic divisions in order to comment on the impact of class division through every aspect of the human experience.
The Whistle Stop Café and Luke’s Diner
Authors: Neugarten Julia
Published: August 2021

This paper compares the Whistle Stop Café in Fanny Flagg’s 1987 novel Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Café to Luke’s Diner in the pilot episode of the TV show Gilmore Girls (2000). I argue that the two cafes are similar in that both offer up a utopian space where women can be themselves, enact their desires and speak their minds without fear of judgement or violence. Through a comparison of the two, I also show the ways in which gendered power dynamics have changed over time: while the Whistle Stop Café provides a refuge from male violence, Luke's Diner functions as a space in which women can exert their own agency through speech, thus keeping the threat of male violence at bay. My analysis shows that the culinary space of the café or diner contains traditionally feminine elements through its association with food and cooking as well as traditionally masculine elements through its presence in the public sphere.
Life’s a Peach: The Convergence of Sexuality and Class in Guadagnino’s Call Me by Your Name
Authors: Warren Allen
Published: August 2021

Call Me by Your Name (2017) became famous for its “peach scene,” though the orchard around the Perlmans’ villa where this fruit thrives could not have grown on its own. Distinctions of class and a parasitism by the most affluent of their workers cultivate the paradise where director Luca Guadagnino sets the blossoming romance between Elio and Oliver. Apricots are a clear metaphor for desire here, yet their prolificacy is only possible through the invisibility and silent intervention of other food items, from peas to latkes to frozen chicken. Critics have pointed out the beauty of the Italian setting and its use as a temporary escape from heteronormative surveillance, as well as the way domestic workers flow in and out of scenes almost wordlessly. What these critics have missed is the connection these occurrences have in explaining how the working class have built (but do not benefit from) this heaven on Earth, where the young male lovers may permit their bodies to act without restraint. While queer and class theories inform this discussion, my primary vehicle for interpretation will be food, both for its prominent place in the movie and for the ways it parallels the class structure at the villa. I find the film quietly reflects on the levels of economic privilege and exploitation needed to experience the paradise it depicts, with the usurpation of food in many scenes helping to remind the audience of the stepping-stones Guadagnino asserts are required to access this more subversive space.
Factors Influencing Intention to Use SPayLater in Indonesia
Authors: Orientani Rezki , Kurniawati Masmira
Published: August 2021

Payment instruments are part of technological developments. The existence of this development is utilized by finance companies such as peer-to-peer lending technology. Peer-to-peer lending in Indonesia continues to increase, one of the products of peer-to-peer lending companies is SPayLater which is a product of Shopee Indonesia and PT. Lentera Dana. This study provides an overview of the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived compatibility towards attitude toward using and perceived cost, subjective norm, personal innovativeness on intention to use. This study uses a quantitative method by distributing 250 online questionnaires to Shopee consumers. Data analysis was carried out using SEM and assisted by PLS 3 software. The results of this study indicate that perceived ease of use does not affect attitude toward using SPayLater payment system, perceived cost and personal innovativeness do not affect intention to use the SPayLater payment system, while perceived usefulness, perceived compatibility, attitude toward using and subjective norm affect the intention to use the SPayLater payment system.
Об’єднана операція як основна форма відсічі збройній агресії «гібридного» типу
Authors: Лобко М. М.
Published: August 2021

У статті на основі аналізу вітчизняного законодавства, сучасних тенденцій розвитку збройної боротьби досліджуються питання об’єднаної операції як основної форми відсічі збройній агресії «гібридного» типу. Розкриваються особливості сучасних воєнних конфліктів. Проводиться короткий історичний екскурс щодо зародження та розвитку операції як форми застосування військ (сил). Розкриваються особливості та визначаються сутність і теоретичні основи об’єднаної операції. Надається визначення об’єднаних сил, що здійснюють підготовку і проведення об’єднаної операції. Автор пропонує науковцям, експертам і практикам висловити свої погляди на сутність і теоретичні основи об’єднаної операції, що розглядаються у статті.
The Consistency of Islamic and Medical Perspectives in the Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mohamed Mossad Abdelhak Shaban , Rosternberghe Hans Van , Ramli Noraida , Ibrahim Nor Rosidah , Mossad Manar , Hidayat Taufiq
Published: August 2021

Controlling the current COVID-19 pandemic requires infection control at both the individual and global levels.  There is insufficient information on the consistency between Islamic principles and medical guidelines regarding infection control measures. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the consistency between Islamic principles and evidence-based medical recommendations during the pandemic time. A comparison was made between the latest medical infection control recommendations and Islamic references (the Quran and its interpretation, and Sunnah and its explanation). Relevant materials such as books and research articles in Arabic or English were reviewed. The information was then classified into different levels of infection control strategies, which were individual, household, community and healthcare unit levels. This study demonstrated that both Islamic principles and medical guidelines are consistent in terms of infection control, which involves crisis supervision by the infection control authority and specialised agencies, hand and general hygiene, personal protection, seeking specialist consultation and treatment, comprehensive care, guidelines in the event of limited resources, home isolation, travel bans and quarantine. Moreover, it was observed that Islamic principles combine and optimise both the individual frame and societal cohesion.
Attitudes and Experience of Malaysian Parents towards School Closure during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ting Chuong Hock , Stephen Jeffery , Hassan Ahmad Khairi , Abdul Moris Norashikin , Noor Hamal Noor Nasuha , Amidar Nurul Ain , Rusdi Mohd Azlan
Published: August 2021

In 2020, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had triggered the lockdown in many countries around the world. School closure was no exception as a measure to limit the spread of the disease. This step was expected to bring some impact on parents, especially if both of them were working. In this study, we aimed to investigate Malaysian parental attitudes and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey by using a structured questionnaire, between May and June 2020. A total of 273 parents with children aged below 18 years old were involved. Descriptive analysis was done to determine the sociodemographic data of the respondents, their attitudes, and their experiences associated with the school closure during the outbreak. 97.4 % of parents agreed with the school closure. The majority of them believed the outbreak was serious and the school dismissal was appropriate to protect their children and the community. However, only 54.9 % were well prepared for the measure. 11.4 % of parents had difficulty arranging childcare. During the outbreak, 85.7 % experienced missing work and 71.4 % felt at risk of losing their jobs. The school closure also indirectly incurred additional costs for 88.6% of the parents and partially contributed to 75.5% of the parents losing income. Unexpected long-term school closure might cause some adverse outcomes to the employed parents during a pandemic, therefore, the health authority and education department should take this into consideration when mitigating this issue.
Intubation Ergonomics and Effectiveness using Aerosol Box
Authors: Abdull Wahab Shaik Farid , Othman Rohayu , Ismail Ahmad Rasdan
Published: August 2021

The pandemic COVID-19 has caused a rupture and disturbance in many ecosystems, especially in healthcare.  Although previously patients were treated and given first-hand treatment especially during life threatening event, currently, the safety of healthcare workers have also become the utmost priority.  Due to the nature of COVID-19 virus that is able to spread easily via respiratory droplets and aerosols, using mouth and eyes as the route of entry, healthcare workers need to protect themselves while saving the patients at the same time. Therefore, the most common lifesaving procedure at accident and emergency department was chosen, i.e. the intubation procedure. The aerosol box is introduced and used widely during the intubation procedure, especially in accident and emergency department.  The study has three objectives. First, to determine whether the aerosol box can provide protection to its users, secondly to suggest an improvement based on the current design of the aerosol box and thirdly to determine the risk of musculoskeletal injuries among healthcare workers using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). In this study, direct observation was made during the assessment before suggesting the required recommendation on how to improve the existing aerosol box. The first objective was achieved by conducting a direct observation when participants were conducting the intubation procedure. Any possibility of participants getting exposed to the risk of COVID-19 due to the failure of the box in guarding, was noted by the observer. Recommendation for improvement was made based on these findings, and served the second objective of the study. To achieve the third objective, ergonomics assessment using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) was conducted. REBA scores represent the severity of musculoskeletal risk imposed to healthcare workers during intubation procedure. Two participants took part in the study voluntarily. Results showed that the aerosol box used in this study does not protect healthcare workers from COVID-19. The current design of aerosol box used must be improvised in order to increase its effectiveness.  As for body postures, REBA scores were between medium and high, thus it required immediate corrective actions. With modification, the aerosol box may better protect healthcare workers from being exposed to the COVID-19 virus.
Sudden Transition in Anatomy Education: Assessing the Perception of Anatomy Course Delivery among Medical Students during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abdullah Amira Raudhah , Ku Mohd Nor Ku Mastura , Ngatiman Mohd Hairulhisyam
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has undoubtedly impacted anatomy education. This has led to a vast shift from a face to face (F2F) session to a complete online session and practical demonstration. Nonetheless, this pandemic provides an opportunity for anatomy educationists to embark on an alternative delivery of anatomy education via an online platform. The aim of this study was to evaluate the students’ perception of the online teaching and learning in anatomy course delivery among the first-year medical students in Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). A total of 90 first-year medical students partook in an online questionnaire-based survey after semester completion of online anatomy course delivery. Synchronous online lectures conferred positive responses from the students with 73.0% of the students perceived effective communication with lecturers through the online platform. Out of these, 71.6% inclined towards online lectures as it allows them the flexibility to record the lecture and revisit it. Gross anatomy practical sessions were executed asynchronously via pre-recorded video with an additional supplementary quiz on USIM’s Global Open Access Learning system (GOALS) while histology practical was executed synchronously via virtual slide demonstration. A total of 80.1% students felt convenient with histology practical, however, only 48.3% students responded positively to the gross practical. Overall, 76.4% students favoured the conventional practical compared to the online sessions. Meanwhile, an online examination had disputable responses between the different exam formats whereby 71.9% students perceived that Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) were conducted conveniently contradictory to the Modified Essay Questions (MEQ) in which only 34.9% students responded positively. In addition, 57.3% students disclosed multiple setbacks during the Objective Structures Practical Exam (OSPE). The extensive and impromptu changes in the study technique have received multiple responses from the students. Overall, the students preferred an online platform for didactic sessions but a real live classroom for practical sessions.
The Effect of Online Problem-Based Learning Methods on Students’ Performance
Authors: Febriza Ami , Nur Faidah  , Asdar
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the education process in higher education institutions. The medical faculty is forced to adapt by implementing distance learning. The entire face-to-face learning is replaced with virtual meetings to prevent transmission of the COVID-19 virus. Problem-based learning (PBL) is carried out online. This study aimed to analyse students' performance during an online PBL in terms of their content knowledge about the modules. The study was conducted in the 2019/2020 academic year with 92 respondents enrolled in the Neuropsychiatry course. The students’ performance was measured by direct observation using a rubric filled out by the tutor during the session. Content knowledge about the module was measured by test, before and after the PBL. A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The results showed a statistically significant increased score between pre and post-test (with p-value < 0.000, Wilcoxon signed-rank test) with an overall better performance of the students during the online PBL. Students showed good participation and communication skills, even though the discussions were done synchronously via teleconferencing. They had the ability to apply and link concepts to problems and draw valid conclusions. As a conclusion, there was a weak association between students’ performance and their knowledge of the module contents shown by the increasing score in the test. The limitations or obstacles during online PBL can be overcome with better preparation from the students with sufficient digital literacy, self-regulation, and adequate internet network support.
Transient Response of the Acid-base Diode for Polarity Change
Authors: Koncz Viktória , Noszticzius Zoltán , Kály-Kullai Kristóf
Published: August 2021

An application of the so-called acid-base diode would be the sensitive detection of nonhydrogen cations in an acidic medium based on salt-effects. For diode purposes different connecting elements between the acidic and aqueous reservoirs of the diode were developed, namely a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel cylinder, and a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) membrane. During the measurement of the voltage – current characteristic (VCC) of the diode, it was found, that in the case of PVA gel cylinder an overshoot (a local maximum followed by a local minimum) appeared in the time vs. current curve, while the diode was switched between modes (open or closed), that is the direction of the applied voltage was reversed. The overshoot did not appear in PVB membrane.The existence of overshoots was studied by numerical simulations. The time response of the diode with different hypothetic connecting elements was investigated, when the diode was switched between modes via changing the polarity of applied voltage. We found that larger diffusion coefficients of hydrogen and hydroxide ions explain the appearance of overshoots. By examining the concentration and potential profiles a qualitative explanation of this phenomenon was given.
Carbon Tax Implementation in the Energy Sector: A Comparative Study in G20 and ASEAN Member States (AMS)
Authors:   Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, Yusgiantoro Filda C. , Margenta I Dewa Made Raditya , Haryanto Haryanto , Utomo Felicia Grace
Published: August 2021

1. This report shows that six G20 countries (Japan, South Africa, Argentina, France, Ireland, and Mexico) and one ASEAN Member States (Singapore) have implemented a carbon tax. 2. The energy sector is the primary GHG emissions contributor in most member states, except Indonesia. However, the energy sector in Indonesia will highly contribute to the national GHG emissions considering the rise of energy demand due to economic and population growth. 3. The effectiveness of carbon tax is specific to which sectors are taxed and which sectors are exempt to a country member. Specifically, a higher emissions price may not cover a large share of emissions in the country. The high carbon tax in France only covers 35% of total emissions in its jurisdiction. Meanwhile, Japan and Singapore’s low carbon tax covers 75% and 80% of total emissions in their jurisdiction, respectively. 4. The numbers of sectoral coverage by emissions price will impact the level of revenues generated from the carbon tax. France obtained the most significant carbon tax revenue for more than USD 9.6 billion. Meanwhile, Argentina generated less than USD 1 million, likely due to tax exemptions in natural gas commodities. 5. The contribution level of carbon tax revenue to the government’s total revenue varies for each country. France and Ireland’s carbon tax revenue contributes 0.71% and 0.53% of their total government revenue, respectively. Meanwhile, the rest of the countries’ carbon tax revenue contributed less than 0.3% each to their government revenue.
Генеза феноменології групової взаємодії в складних соціальних ситуаціях
Authors: Chorna Lidiia
Published: August 2021

Складні соціальні ситуації, відбиваючись у переживаннях членів групи, запускаютьпроцеси групової динаміки. Ці процеси породжують специфічні групові феномени, які йвідображають такі переживання. У груповій взаємодії виникають процеси та стани(напруженості, протистояння та конфлікту, кризи, травматизації), що впливають на відчуттячленом групи дискомфорту, стресу, фрустрації, травмованості. Унаслідок цього в соціальномупросторі взаємодії змінюється динаміка процесів інтеграції та диференціації. Відповідно донаявних у групи ресурсів (цінностей, статусу в суспільстві, творчого потенціалу) вонавикористовує доступні їй на певний момент способи когнітивного та емоційногоопрацювання складної соціальної ситуації, продукуючи групову феноменологію. Груповісценарії та стратегії взаємодії можна класифікувати на конструктивні і неконструктивні, алеїх оцінка залежить від аут- або інгрупової належності того, хто оцінює взаємодію. Відповіднодо ресурсів групові феномени можуть виконувати функції адаптації (дезадаптації) групи доскладних соціальних ситуацій, а також їх дієво-творчого долання. Група в таких умовахвирішує два завдання, які залежно від обставин можуть конкурувати між собою: доланнясоціальних труднощів і збереження групи як цілого. Таким чином у складних ситуаціяхвідповідно до динаміки їхнього розвитку в процесі групової взаємодії розгортаєтьсяпослідовний процес виникнення ланцюжка психологічних феноменів – феноменогенез. Навідміну від наявних у психології моделей і концепцій групової динаміки концепціяфеноменогенезу враховує соціальний контекст групової взаємодії, зводить у єдинекатегоріальне поле весь спектр групових феноменів, виокремлює їхні функції та визначаєзавдання функціонування груп, і в цьому полягає наукова новизна представлених у статтіматеріалів дослідження.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A CONSTRUCTIVIST TEACHING MODEL ON STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Authors: Dolenc Orbanić Nataša , Skribe Dimec Darja , Cencič Majda
Published: August 2021

Photosynthesis is one of the fundamental processes on Earth and it ranks among the most demanding science concepts for students, associated with a number of misconceptions. For improving students’ understanding and learning outcomes the constructivist approach has proven to be one of the most effective. In this research the constructivist teaching model of photosynthesis (CTMP) was designed and its effectiveness on students’ understanding was tested. Students (N=201) from Slovenian primary schools (aged 11–12 years) participated in the research. CTMP was used in the experimental group (EG), while the traditional teaching approach was used in the control group (CG). Students’ learning achievements were evaluated using the paper-and-pencil tests. The test items were classified into three groups based on Bloom’s taxonomy: (1) knowledge, (2) comprehension and application, and (3) analysis, synthesis, evaluation. Mann-Whitney U-test showed that the EG had better learning outcomes than the CG. Statistically significant differences were found at the highest cognitive level. The CTMP contributes to the improvement of teaching and learning of photosynthesis, fosters the development of higher-order thinking and offers opportunity for integration of the constructivist approach in science classes, which will help to increase the quality of acquired knowledge and to raise the level of scientific literacy of the population. Key words: teaching about photosynthesis, constructivist approach, Bloom’s taxonomy, primary school.
EXPLORING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN METACOGNITION AND COGNITIVE RETENTION OF STUDENTS USING SOME BIOLOGY TEACHING STRATEGIES
Authors: Palennari Muhiddin
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted during one semester in four different classes that were taught biology by using four different teaching strategies: Problem-based learning (PBL), Jigsaw, PBL integrated with Jigsaw (PBLJigsaw), and direct teaching. This research explored the correlation between metacognition (metacognitive awareness and metacognitive skills) with cognitive retention of students in the four different strategies, and compared the four regression lines whether or not they are parallel. There was no correlation between metacognitive awareness and cognitive retention in the four teaching strategies in biology classroom, while the correlations between metacognitive skills and cognitive retention were significant. The results of the analysis of variance related to the regression equation in the four different strategies were parallel and did not coincide; the regression line of PBLJigsaw strategy was at the highest position. It indicated that this strategy has the potency to empower metacognitive skills and simultaneously increased cognitive retention. Key words: metacognitive awareness, metacognitive skills, cognitive retention, problem-based learning, jigsaw, regression line.
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD SOCIO-SCIENTIFIC ISSUES AND THEIR VIEWS ABOUT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Authors: Ozgur Kapici Hasan , Osman Ilhan Genc
Published: August 2021

There is not a common attitude in a society for socio-scientific issues (SSI) such as whether to use nuclear power plants for energy production. Within this respect, the aim of the research is to examine pre-service science teachers’ and pre-service social studies teachers’ attitudes toward SSI and to reveal their views about setting up nuclear power plants in their country. The participant of research is 120 pre-service teachers. Firstly, Attitudes toward Socio-scientific Issues Scale (ATSIS) was implemented and then, focus group discussions were done with five students from each department separately so as to understand their views about nuclear power plants. Findings revealed that whereas pre-service teachers are eager to learn more about SSI, they have anxiety about it due to religion, moral and ethical perspectives. In addition, whereas both groups of pre-service teachers have some common views about nuclear power plants, pre-service science teachers do not have more positive views about having nuclear power plants in their country.
Key words: attitude towards socio-scientific issues, focus group discussion, pre-service teachers, nuclear energy.
El ensayo y otros registros textuales en la tradición cultural tacneña
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Domínguez Agüero Saúl
Published: August 2021

El ensayo en Tacna como forma o género literario arraiga desde muy temprano. En su memorable Antología histórica de Tacna, Carlos Alberto González Marín (1952) señala como hito primigenio 1795, fecha de publicación de una obra hoy casi olvidada: Relación de la Fundación de la Real Audiencia del Cusco en 1788; producto de la pluma del sabio presbítero tacneño Ignacio de Castro (1732 -1792), miembro de la Sociedad Amantes del País y uno de los redactores de Mercurio Peruano (1791 - 1794), quien nos deja como legado su pensamiento de librepensador imbuido de ideas humanísticas universales, no ajeno a las preocupaciones formales que se manifiestan en una prosa exacta, bella y armoniosa. La tipología del ensayo está determinada, precisamente, por la presencia de textos en los que la preocupación científica y el afán literario van de la mano. El ensayista presenta y analiza temas para expresar sus puntos de vista tratando de persuadir al lector sobre la tesis que sostiene, al mismo tiempo manifiesta una honda preocupación formal. En breve, conocimiento riguroso y belleza de estilo son los rasgos que distinguen al ensayo como forma o género literario. De esta manera, el ensayo se distancia tanto de la aséptica objetividad del científico como de la pura preocupación estética del poeta. En otras palabras, el ensayista —siguiendo las huellas del gran Michelle de Montaigne, creador del género —se propone, cuidando las formas, incidir sobre aspectos de la realidad a fin de esclarecerlos e incluso propiciar su transformación. Sin embargo, con el auge de las corrientes filosóficas del positivismo y del racionalismo en los últimos siglos; y, en general, con el prestigio de la ciencia instrumental, el diletantismo que caracteriza al ensayista cede paso a los discursos especializados de las ciencias sociales.
Combined lipid-lowering therapy from standpoint of modern guidelines for management of dyslipidaemias
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Kochetkov A. I. , Listratov A. I.
Published: August 2021

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death, and its prevalence is projected to increase in the near future. Dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for CAD, and special attention is currently being paid to improving approaches to its correction. In the new revision of the Russian Guidelines for the Management of Patients with dyslipidemia (2020), priorities are given to high-intensity statin therapy: new more strict target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–C) are introduced. Experts also emphasize the important role of the cholesterol fraction of non-high-density lipoproteins (non-HDL–C), primarily triglycerides, and introduce their target levels. The concept of residual risk, which remains despite effective statin therapy and achievement of the target level of LDL–C, is closely related to non-HDL–C. Here, hypertriglyceridemia is of crucial importance, contributing to an increased risk of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, combined lipid-lowering therapy in the form of a combination of high-intensity statin and fenofibrate is an effective approach to significantly improve the prognosis and reduce the residual risk. According to research data, rosuvastatin provides a reduction in LDL–C by ≥ 50 %, has a wide range of pleiotropic effects in combination with an optimal safety profile. Fenofibrate allows you to effectively reduce the level of triglycerides and implements additional protective effects on the cardiovascular system. The logical continuation of the principle of combined lipid-lowering therapy was the appearance of a fixed combination (FC) of rosuvastatin and fenofibrate, which already has its own evidence base of studies indicating a complex and complementary effect on the disturbed blood lipid spectrum, a good safety profile of therapy, and the form of ‘single-pill’ significantly increases patients adherence to treatment. It can be expected that the widespread use of rosuvastatin and fenofibrate in clinical practice will effectively reduce the residual cardiovascular risk and thus provide an improved prognosis for patients.
Echocardiography in diagnosis of cardiovascular complications in patients who have undergone COVID-19, and echocardiographic study algorithm for this category of patients
Authors: Rybakova M. K. , Mitkov V. V. , Khudorozhkova E. D. , Baldin D. G. , Kotaeva E. A.
Published: August 2021

The authors analyzed, classified and outlined the experience of working with patients who had suffered from COVID-19 disease to varying degrees of severity. Evaluated the possibilities of modern echocardiography in the diagnosis of complications of this infection from the heart, proposed the algorithm of ultrasound heart research in this category of patients. This year, the Recommendations of the European Association of Cardiology on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in patients with coronavirus infection were published. These recommendations clearly describe the risk groups of complications of this pathology because COVID affects not the lungs but also the heart. The most vulnerable were patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes, blood diseases, chronic renal failure, cancer pathology, COPD. It is in these categories of patients that complications of infection from the lungs and heart were most common.
Drug-induced pancreatitis: focus on drugs used to treat cardiovascular disease
Authors: Filippova A. V. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: August 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide and in Russia. Therefore, the question of safe and rational drug therapy is acute. But, like most drugs, drugs for the treatment of CVD have a number of adverse reactions, in particular, the development of acute pancreatitis. This adverse reactions can be both dose-dependent and depend on the duration of administration of these groups of drugs. The purpose of this review is to analyze the literature data on drugs intended for the treatment of СVD that can lead to the development of drug-induced pancreatitis (LIP), on the mechanisms of development of this pathology against the background of taking specific drugs, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The development of LIP is associated with the use of diuretics, both loop (furosemide, etacric acid, bumetamide), and thiazide/thiazide-like (chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone), antihypertensive drugs of central action (methyldopa), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers, statins, antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone, procainamide). Literature data on the development of LIP are presented in most publications with the description of clinical case/series of cases, however, in the case of LIP associated with the use of ACEI and statins, there are also data from cohort, retrospective observational, prospective case-control, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses. With timely diagnosis, and the cancellation of drugs that have caused the development of OP, the symptoms of the disease regress until they completely disappear and develop serious consequences.
Psychoemotional deadaptation and health problems as risk factors of decreasing learning at female students with idiopathic arterial hypotension
Authors: Baev V. M. , Igumnova O. A. , Agafonova T. Yu.
Published: August 2021

The aim of the work is to study the clinical and psychological manifestations of maladjustment of young female students with idiopathic arterial hypotension (IAH). Two groups, aged 18–35 years, were examined: 200 women with IAH with SBP level of 61–98 mm Hg, DBP – 59 mm Hg and less, and 130 women with normal blood pressure. The groups were compared by the frequency of complaints about health problems and the results of assessing mental performance, fatigue using the E. Kraepelin test. The studies were carried out as part of a preventive medical examination. A comparative analysis of complaints showed that women with IAH limit their physical activity due to a deterioration in subjective well-being – the appearance of shortness of breath, pain and discomfort in the chest and legs, dizziness, poor cold tolerance – chilliness of the hands and feet, episodes of involuntary urinary incontinence. With IAH, complaints of apathy, weakness and fatigue, and difficulty concentrating were more often recorded. Women with IAH under psychoemotional stress made more mistakes, and the proportion of women who made mistakes when performing a test was twice as high as in women with normal blood pressure. Thus, we can conclude that IAH in young women is characterized by more frequent complaints of health problems than in women with normal blood pressure, which is combined with a decrease in daily physical activity and cognitive impairment. IAH in female students can be regarded as a risk factor for psycho-emotional and social maladjustment, which negatively affects the effectiveness of learning in the higher education system.
Radiоtherapy as salvage therapy for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and giant angioma associated with Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon
Authors: Khabarova R. I. , Kulyova S. A. , Ivanova S. V. , Novikov S. N. , Gumbatova E. D. , Senchurov E. M. , Mikhailova E. A. , Borokshinova K. M.
Published: August 2021

The Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon is a rare thrombocytopenic consumption of coagulopathy that occurs against the background of such vascular anomalies as kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and giant angioma. Timely diagnosis and treatment of Kasabach–Merritt syndrome which includes therapy for vascular tumors and life‑threatening conditions are critical in resolving this rare vascular anomaly. The aim of the study is to analyze radiation therapy as salvage therapy for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and giant angioma associated with the Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon.
Myths about inexpediency of carrying out peptide receptor radionuclide diagnostics in patients with neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Kaspshik S. M. , Artamonova E. V. , Markovich A. A. , Bilik M. E. , Emelyanova G. S. , Ryzhkov A. D.
Published: August 2021

he disease incidence of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is increasing every year. Neuroendocrine tumors Grade 1 and 2 have a more favorable prognosis than Grade 3. When we are talking about NET with non-detected initial focus, the 10-year survival rate is 22 % [1]. Therefore, it is necessary to make every effort and use all technical abilities to localize the primary tumor, even in the presence of metastases, because resection of the primary tumor(s) can increase disease-free and overall survival rate. Also, the choice of chemotherapy drug or the appointment of biotherapy may depend on this. Finding tumor localization remains challenging and must involve a combination of radiological, nuclear medicine and endoscopic imaging techniques. There are many different myths about the purpose of nuclear medicine examinations and interpretation of the results in NET patients. And in this article we will try to debunk some of them, using examples from our experience in our center. We choose 111 patients with NET (histologically confimed). All patients underwent scintigraphy of neuroendocrine tumors with 99mTc-EDDA/HYNICTOC (99mTc-Tektrotyd) in the «whole body» mode and additional SPECT or SPECT/CT examination of the chest,abdomen and pelvis.
Diagnosis of neoplastic diseases of reproductive system in context of healthcare system modernization: need for integrated approach
Authors: Aminodova I. P. , Vasilieva T. P. , Perminova E. V. , Kastor E. S.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the problem of screening of tumor diseases of reproductive organs is caused by high rates of incidence of tendencies to rejuvenation, unsatisfactory results of therapy. In Russia, indicators of active detection of acute respiratory disease, diagnosis in the preinvasive and early stages remain low, adversely affecting the quality and life expectancy of the patient and her reproductive function. The purpose of the study: on the basis of the analysis of literature sources to establish the reasons for the ineffectiveness of screening of tumorous diseases of the reproductive organs. The results of the bibliographic analysis of modern screening principles and methods have shown that the main reasons for unsatisfactory screening and early diagnosis of tumor diseases of reproductive organs should be considered low scoring coverage rates, inconsistency of the legislative base, inconsistency of the start time, end of examination and screening interval, lack of a single information base with the possibility of fiing and archiving results of the survey, violation of the logistics of data exchange conducted research, expressed the dissonance of diagnostic capabilities in different regions, lack of an integrated approach and a single screening program nationwide. One of the possible solutions to decide this problem should be a solution to the implementation of a comprehensive diagnostic survey with a simultaneous assessment of the condition of all organs of the reproductive system, including the mammary glands, in order to timely identify the tumor diseases of reproductive organs with the formation of risk groups for tumor pathology and to correct tactic of reference.