bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Narrow band UVB therapy versus tazarotene and narrow band UVB combination therapy in psoriasis: a comparative study
Authors: R. Sowmiya , D. Nithya Gayathri Devi
Published: July 2018

Background: Narrow band UVB phototherapy (NBUVB) is considered one of the most effective therapeutic modalities for patients with psoriasis. The long term side effects of narrowband UVB therapy have not been fully documented. There has been a great deal of interest in photo combination therapies that are capable of both reducing cumulative UVB doses and accelerating resolution of skin lesions. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of NBUVB plus tazarotene combination therapy with NBUVB mono therapy.

Methods: Forty patients with chronic plaque type psoriasis were taken up for the study and were randomly divided into two groups of 20 each. One group was treated with thrice-weekly NBUVB phototherapy and the other group received NBUVB phototherapy thrice weekly in addition to topical tazarotene once daily at bed time.

Results: In the tazarotene combination group, the reduction in PASI score was more rapid. The duration of treatment and the mean cumulative dose of NBUVB was lesser in the tazarotene combination group. Irritation due to tazarotene was mild and combination of tazarotene with NBUVB was well tolerated.

Conclusions: We concluded that combination of tazarotene with NBUVB was well tolerated and was significantly more effective than NBUVB phototherapy alone. 
A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis successfully treated with oral terbinafine in Kenya
Authors: Mawenzi Ramadhan L.
Published: July 2018

Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease of the skin and the reticuloendethelial system caused by a parasite of the genus- Leishmania. The disease poses significant psychosocial and public health burdens in endemic areas. Its treatment poses significant challenges considering that new treatment modalities are currently unavailable. The out-dated and toxic antimonial compounds remain the standard treatment. Nevertheless, these agents are mostly unavailable and reports of resistance to these compounds are increasing. Various drugs have therefore been used off label to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis. Terbinafine, an allylamine designed for treatment of fungal infections has been used off label in the treatment cutaneous leishmaniasis in Middle East and India. However, its potential has not been fully exploited in Kenya. This case is reported of a thirteen year old boy, a resident of a leishmaniasis endemic region in Kenya who presented with a symptomless, well demarcated plaque embedded with crusts and papules on his right cheek. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed leishmania donovani bodies confirming a diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. He was treated with oral terbinafine 250mg daily for two consecutive months together with topical application of a combination of 10% Chrotamiton + 2% Sulphur cream applied for three consecutive months. A significant improvement evidenced by substantial flattening of the lesion, conspicuous digital image changes and general clinical improvement was noted after 3 months of follow up. This observation endorses oral terbinafine, as an efficacious management of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis. To limit scarring, an appropriate topical application can be added to oral terbinafine.
Conundrums of hypothyroidism
Authors: Kharkar Vidya D. , Naskar Snahasish
Published: July 2018

A 46 year old female came with complaints of dryness of skin and severe hair loss since 2-3 years. There was history of intermittent low grade fever, swelling all over body since 1 year; patient also complained of tingling numbness over bilateral legs and forearms along with difficulty in swallowing food. On further probing, history of difficulty in lifting arms above the head, constipation, generalised fatigue and drowsiness could be elicited. Patient also noticed raised skin coloured asymptomatic lesions over buttocks. On examination loss of eyebrows and alopecia in frontal and parietal scalp was seen. There was prominent follicular ostia and atrophy on scalp and body. Depressed keratotic papules with a generalized doughy feel of skin was appreciated all over body. A differential diagnosis of connective tissue disorder, widespread alopecia areata, folliculotropic mycosis fungoides, hypothyroidism and atopic dermatitis was made. Laboratory investigations revealed a low T3, T4 with a significantly raised TSH suggestive of a primary hypothyroidism. On histopathology mucin deposition in papillary and mid dermis was seen along with non-scarring pattern of alopecia. A diagnosis of hypothyroidism was made and patient was started on Tab. levothyroxin 75 micrograms once daily for 4 months along with hematinics, multivitamins and calcium supplements. Regular and frequent application of emollients was advised to the patient.
Lingua plicata in pustular psoriasis: a rare case report
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Goel Anika , Bassi Roopam
Published: July 2018

Lingua plicata also referred to as scrotal tongue, furrowed tongue, grooved tongue, and plicated tongue is a relatively uncommon condition. It is characterized by multiple asymptomatic fissures or grooves over the tongue, resembling the surface of the brain due to the appearance of sulci and gyri, hence, it has also been referred to as cerebriform tongue.Despite being an asymptomatic condition, lingua plicata is a cause for concern as it can progress to secondary complications due to trapping of food in the fissures. Lingua plicata has been reported in association with pemphigus vegetans of the neumann variety and very rarely with other dermatological conditions such as psoriasis.Pustular psoriasis is an uncommon form of Psoriasis that may be localized or generalized. Acute generalized pustular psoriasis also known as Von Zumbusch disease, is a condition in which the patient characteristically shows features of toxicity, high grade fever and acute generalized pustules over an erythematous base and may be associated with oral mucosal changes in the form of erythema or geographic tongue. This case report describes a 33 year old male presenting with generalized pustular psoriasis and lingua plicata. The patient was treated with intravenous steroids and oral acitretin following which the psoriatic lesions and lingua plicata remitted.
Discoid lupus erythematosus in acro-orificial vitiligo
Authors: Devaraj Yogesh , Sathyanarayana Belagola Dasegowda , Swaroop Mukunda Ranga , Shree H. Sowmya , Ravindranath Mithila , Ghosh Avik
Published: July 2018

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by atrophic and discoid plaques over sun-exposed areas of skin and is the most common form of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Vitiligo is also an autoimmune disease known to be associated with other autoimmune conditions. However coexistence of DLE and vitiligo has been reported uncommonly. We report a case of a 60-year-old lady who developed DLE lesions over pre-existing vitiligo lesions.
OPERE LOMBER DİSK HERNİSİ SONRASI VERTEBRAL OSTEOMYELİT GEÇ KALINMIŞ VAKA: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: Yıldızhan Serhat , Boyacı Mehmet Gazi
Published: July 2018

 Lomber disk hernileri (LDH) günümüzde birçok
insanı etkileyen, yaşam kalitesini bozan en temel
hastalıklardan biridir. Konservatif tedavilerden
fayda görmeyen hastalarda cerrahi tedavi
planlanır. Cerrahi sonrası görülen sık komplikasyonlardan
bir tanesi spinal enfeksiyonlardır.
Spinal enfeksiyonlar disk mesafesini ve vertebra
gövdesini etkileyebilir, lomber abse oluşturabilir.
Enfeksiyon klinik olarak bel ve sırt ağrısı ile
başlar, daha sonra hareket kısıtlılığı, bacak ağrısı
ve ateş görülür. Bu olgumuzda daha önce 2 kez
lomber operasyon geçiren, abse ve fistül oluşmasına
rağmen 2 yıl boyunca medikal olarak takip
edilen hasta sunarak spinal enfeksiyonlara
yaklaşım konusuna dikkat çekmek istedik
Sentidos del trabajo religioso en contextos marcados por la violencia: estudio en un complejo de favelas en Río de Janeiro
Authors: Mendes Lages Ribeiro Fernanda , Minayo Maria Cecília de Souza
Published: July 2018

Este trabajo se propone comprender los sentidos del trabajo religioso en la prevención de la violencia y la recuperación de personas involucradas con actos ilícitos en un complejo de favelas de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se analizan la acción de entidades religiosas en el territorio, las visiones de sus líderes sobre su papel y el de su iglesia y sus representaciones sobre el territorio y sobre las personas que realizan actos violentos. Entre 2010 y 2012, desde un abordaje cualitativo, se realizó observación participante y se efectuaron entrevistas a líderes religiosos y “convertidos”, cuyos relatos se abordaron a través de análisis de la enunciación. Los líderes resaltan la importancia de la acción de sus iglesias en una localidad precaria y violenta y los “convertidos” destacan el papel de la evangelización en su conversión religiosa. Sin embargo, las relaciones entre religión y violencia son complejas e incluyen varios tipos de trayectorias y comportamientos: si bien se destaca la fuerza del apoyo religioso, también se la cuestiona. Se concluye que las iglesias actúan de forma puntual e individual, por lo que colaboran poco con la transformación de la realidad, asumiendo con frecuencia un papel de control y de pacificación de la cuestión social.
Fasting Therapy versus Standard Weight Reduction Diet Combined with Naturopathic Complex Treatment in Patients with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Wiebelitz Karl Rüdiger , Wessely Dominik Karl , Ismar Lena Elisabeth , Pötschke Tanja , Weidner Beate , Beer André Michael
Published: July 2018

Background: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for many chronic diseases in modern societies. A retrospective follow-up study showed an advantage of weight reduction diet (WRD) to fasting therapy  concerning long-term weight loss.Objective: Prospective comparison of WRD to fasting therapy concerning long-term weight loss. Methods: From 08/2007 to 02/2009 90 patients with overweight or obesity were observed with a follow-up period of 6 months, who received either a fasting therapy or a WRD in the context of naturopathic complex in-patient treatment including physical activity.Results: During the in-patient treatment the fasting patients loosed significantly more weight than the WRD patients, but regained weight during the follow-up, while the weight loss of the WRD patients persisted. 32% of the fasting and 81% of the WRD patients achieved a 5% weight loss after 6 months. Total and LDL-cholesterol were significantly more reduced, controlled eating habits, physical leisure activity and tendentially physical quality of life increased more after 6 months in the WRD group, while the systolic blood pressure declined more in the fasting patients.Conclusion: Weight loss and improvement of obesity-associated parameters were long-term significantly inferior in fasting patients compared to patients treated with a WRD. The reduced success of the fasting patients is probably caused by the minor lifestyle modification.
Crosstalk between TGF-β and WNT signalling pathways during cardiac fibrogenesis
Authors: Działo Edyta , Tkacz Karolina , Błyszczuk Przemysław
Published: July 2018

Cardiac fibrosis is referred to as an excessive accumulation of stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardium. Progressive fibrosis causes stiffening of the cardiac tissue and affects conduction of electrical impulses, leading to heart failures in a broad range of cardiac conditions. At the cellular level, activation of the cardiac stromal cells and myofibroblast formation are considered as hallmarks of fibrogenesis. At the molecular level, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is traditionally considered as a master regulator of the profibrotic processes. More recently, the WNT signalling pathway has also been found to be implicated in the development of myocardial fibrosis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the involvement of TGF-β and WNT downstream molecular pathways to cardiac fibrogenesis and describe a crosstalk between these two profibrotic pathways. TGF-β and WNT ligands bind to different receptors and trigger various outputs. However, a growing body of evidence points to cross-regulation between these two pathways. It has been recognized that in cardiac pathologies TGF-β activates WNT/β-catenin signalling, which in turn stabilizes the TGF-β/Smad response. Furthermore both, the non-canonical TGF-β and non-canonical WNT signalling pathways, activate the same mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs): the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38. The cross-talk between TGF-β and WNT pathways seems to play an essential role in switching on the genetic machinery initiating profibrotic changes in the heart. Better understanding of these mechanisms will open new opportunities for development of targeted therapeutic approaches against cardiac fibrosis in the future.
Aplicação da mineração de dados à análise das condições de operação de transformadores.
Authors: Castanheira Luciana Gomes
Published: July 2018

O processo de descoberta de conhecimento em bases de dados (Knowledge Discovery in Databases - KDD) vem sendo amplamente utilizado como ferramenta para auxiliar a tomada de decisão. Neste trabalho, esse processo é estudado tendo como objetivo avaliar a utilização de métodos de mineração de dados aplicados em áreas da Engenharia Elétrica, sendo a sua abordagem sobre uma base de dados oriunda de testes de cromatografia de transformadores de potência. A mineração de dados é aplicada para obter a classificação de tipos de defeitos dos transformadores. As técnicas abordadas são redes neurais e árvores de decisão. As estruturas de algoritmos escolhidas nessas técnicas foram, respectivamente, a rede MLP com treinamento através do algoritmo de retropropagação resiliente e a árvore gerada pelo algoritmo J4.8, simulada no aplicativo weka. O melhor resultado foi com a utilização da árvore de decisão, em que foram conseguidos resultados com acerto entre 75 e 90%. Através dos resultados, viu-se que o processo de mineração de dados pode ser aplicado em problemas na área da Engenharia Elétrica. Entretanto, devem ser feitos estudos sobre o domínio de cada base de dados a ser tratada.
Desenvolvimento de um utensílio de limpeza multifunção: o projeto da vassoura limpeleza
Authors: Albertin Marcos Ronaldo , Torres José Belo
Published: July 2018

O desenvolvimento de novos produtos é uma tarefa que envolve muitos riscos e desafios, sobretudo, por ser uma atividade que está diretamente associada ao sucesso de uma empresa no mercado. Nesse contexto, a abordagem sistemática do problema pode trazer maior quantidade de resultados satisfatórios, suprimindo partes dos riscos ao integrar todas as etapas envolvidas no desenvolvimento através de uma linguagem comum e estruturada logicamente. Este trabalho objetivou desenvolver metodologicamente um produto inovador, um utensílio de limpeza doméstica multifunção, adequado às necessidades especificas dos usuários de vassouras. Para isso, utilizou-se de premissas metodológicas para o projeto sistemático de novos produtos, bem como de ferramentas auxiliares. O resultado foi o desenvolvimento da vassoura "Limpeleza ", um produto com características superiores, considerando-se o perfil dos consumidores entrevistados.
THERMODYNAMIC UNCERTAINTY RELATION AS A FUNDAMENTAL ASPECT OF QUANTUM THERMODYNAMICS
Authors: Artamonov Anton А. , Plotnikov Еvgeny
Published: July 2018

The paper addresses physics of thermodynamic fluctuations in temperature and energy. These fluctuations are interrelated and, hence, can affect various micro- and macro systems. It is shown that the thermodynamic uncertainty relation must be taken into account in the physics of superconductivity, in quantum computations and other branches of science, where temperature and energy fluctuations play a critical role. One of the most important applications of quantum thermodynamics is quantum computers. It is assumed that in the near future the state structures will create a specific quantum cryptocurrency obtained using quantum computing. The quantum cryptocurrency exhibits two main features: the maximum reliability (quantum protection against hacking threats) and the possibility of state control (at the moment, only large scientific state centers have quantum computers).

The paper reviews the studies aimed to theoretically prove the validity of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation. This relation connects fluctuations in temperature and energy of a system. Other similar relations are considered, including the relationship between fluctuations in pressure and volume, in entropy and temperature, and others. The main purpose of the paper is to validate the thermodynamic analogue of the uncertainty relation that interconnects temperature and energy fluctuations.

Experimental data was obtained on the basis of the study of the transport properties of semiconductor devices – transistors. In the experiment, the transport properties of a pair of semiconductor transistors placed on a single silicon crystal were studied. In this system, one transistor was used to determine temperature fluctuations, and the other one was employed to estimate energy fluctuations.

The key role of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation in modern thermodynamics has been clarified. The performed experimental studies confirm the validity of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation.
ANALYSIS OF A TWO-CRYSTAL DELAY LINE FOR FEMTOSECOND PULSES OF THE X-RAY FREE ELECTRON LASER
Authors: Bushuev V. A. , Petrov I. A.
Published: July 2018

Using the methods of statistical optics the formation of delayed X-ray pulses in the diffraction reflection of an incident pulse with an arbitrary degree of temporal coherence from a system of parallel crystals with different lattice periods is considered. The results are of interest for constructing delay lines in experiments with a time resolution of the pump-and-probe type and realizing of the self-seeding mode to increase the degree of temporal coherence of the X-ray free-electron laser radiation.

A rigorous theory of dynamic diffraction in Bragg geometry is applied to the diffraction reflection of short X-ray pulses from a system of two parallel crystals with arbitrary thicknesses, and also, for a system of two pairs of parallel crystals. The dependence of the delay time and the intensity of the delayed pulses on the thickness of the crystals and the distances between them are analyzed. Since the pulses from the X-ray free electron laser have high spatial coherence, i.e. a small angular divergence, but very poor temporal coherence, special attention is paid to the effect of the degree of temporal coherence on the width of the energy spectrum of the incident pulses and on the influence of this width on the intensity of the delayed pulses.
LIGA method of forming high-contrast collimators and anti-scatter grids with high aspect ratio
Authors: Goldenberg B.G. , Lemzyakov A.G. , Nazmov V.P. , Palchikov E.I.
Published: July 2018

В статье рассматриваются вопросы создания и применения высококонтрастных антискаттерных рентгеновских сеток для рентгеновской визуализации в диапазоне 20-200 КЭВ из Микрофокусных рентгеновских трубок. Структура решетки никеля высоко-аспект-коэффициента прототипа использована для того чтобы рассматривать удар решетки анти -- разброса на дирекционных картинах трубки рентгеновского снимка ИМА-2-150Д. Показано подавление рассеянного излучения и сужение схемы направленного излучения. Контраст прототипа никеля, по-видимому, недостаточен. В статье представлены методы LIGA для изготовления антискаттерных рентгеновских сеток из золота в Сибирском центре Синхротронного и Терагерцового излучения. Описан метод формирования резистивных сетчатых структур с использованием глубинной рентгеновской литографии и показаны тестовые структуры. В настоящее время идет Разработка технологии изготовления рентгеновских сеток против рассеяния.
Çiçek Soğanlarında Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl ’nin Moleküler Yöntemlerle Saptanması
Authors: TOSUN Necip , SAĞLAM Asuman
Published: July 2018

Türkiye,
dünyanın üç önemli gen merkezinin kesisme noktası olan bir bölgede bulunması
nedeniyle bitki genetik kaynakları açısından büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir.
Ülkemizin tür zenginliği
içinde doğal
çiçek soğanlarının ayrı bir yeri
vardır. Bu bitkiler yüzyıllardır tıbbi amaçlarla kullanılmasına karşın, kış aylarında
çiçeklenmeleri nedeniyle genis
ölçüde
bahçelerde süs bitkisi olarak da kullanılmaktadır. Yaprak lekesi, kök çürüklüğü
ve solgunluk etmenleri gibi birçok patojeni bünyesinde barındıran soğanlı süs
bitkilerinde yaygın olarak görülen Fusarium
solgunlukları her yıl büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Etmenin
tanısında uygulanan mevcut
izolasyon ve teşhis çalışmaları yaklaşık bir hafta sürmekte ve tür bazında
teşhisleri zor olmakta, ayrıca patojenite testleri ile bu süre uzamaktadır. Spor
yapılarına bakılarak gerçekleştirilen bu teşhis yöntemlerinin çok fazla zaman,
emek ve taksonomik uzmanlık gerektirmesi, daha hassas, güvenilir ve hızlı olan PCR
tekniklerinin çalışmamızda tercih edilmesine sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışma ile günümüzde birçok alanda yaygın
kullanımı olan hem geleneksel PCR hem de Real-Time PCR
yöntemi ile Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl izolatının hızlı ve doğru şekilde
tespiti gerçekleştirilmiş ve sekanslama. ile yöntemin geçerliliği ortaya konulmuştur.
MODELO DE BASE DE DATOS PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE HERBARIOS VIRTUALES
Authors: Velasco Jiménez María José , Delgado Marzo Juan Manuel , Álvarez de Sotomayor Posadillo Alberto , Villamandos de la Torre Francisco , Galán Soldevilla Carmen
Published: July 2018

En este proyecto se ha elaborado una base de datos adaptativa, y con aplicación a lo largo de la vida profesional del alumnado, con fines didácticos para ayudar a la identificación de características vegetativas de plantas comunes en la Sierra de Córdoba. El objeto es incluir esta herramienta en los materiales de las asignaturas que se imparten en el Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal. Esta base de datos utiliza principalmente la hoja como carácter para la identificación de especies, incluyendo también información sobre el tallo, inflorescencia, flor o fruto. Se ha pretendido construir un instrumento adaptativo de ayuda en el desarrollo del dominio experto en la identificación de especies vegetales que todo biólogo debe poseer para su desempeño profesional.
IMPLANTACIÓN DE UN AULA PILOTO DE HABILIDADES PRÁCTICAS PARA LAS ASIGNATURAS DE PERFIL CLÍNICO DEL GRADO EN VETERINARIA
Authors: Pineda Martos Carmen , Quirós Carmona Setefilla , Granados Machuca Mª del Mar , Galán Rodríguez Alba
Published: July 2018

Las limitaciones temporales en la docencia de las asignaturas clínicas del Grado en Veterinaria, así como el elevado ratio estudiantes/profesor y sobre todo estudiantes/paciente, condicionan en gran medida la formación del alumnado, comprometiendo la adquisición de competencias específicas. Así, el alumnado debe amortizar el tiempo que dedica al aprendizaje de estas materias, integrar los conocimientos adquiridos en ellas para llegar a conseguir el fin de las mismas y ser capaz de enfrentarse a situaciones clínicas con la consecuente realización de los necesarios procedimientos manuales. En este artículo, generado a partir de un proyecto de innovación docente, consideramos la enseñanza basada en la práctica con modelos inanimados o maniquíes como imprescindible para complementar la enseñanza de habilidades clínicas y adquisición de competencias. Debido al alto número de alumnos y al escaso tiempo que pasan por rotaciones clínicas con animales, y teniendo en cuenta las consideraciones éticas, es muy difícil que todos ellos puedan realizar las habilidades clínicas básicas e incluso puedan verlas en situaciones reales. El alumnado debe conocer estos procedimientos dentro de la materia de las asignaturas Propedéutica Clínica, Anestesiología y Cuidados Intensivos, Patología Quirúrgica y Medicina Interna, así como desarrollar estas habilidades, puesto que serán evaluados de esas competencias. Para ello hemos propuesto la implantación en el Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal de un aula piloto donde los alumnos pueden practicar varias veces en los modelos, con el fin de adquirir la pericia necesaria para el dominio de las habilidades clínicas. De esta forma se fomentará una enseñanza integrativa, que mejorará el aprendizaje y el desarrollo de competencias específicas, además de adquirir otras competencias transversales que ayudarán al futuro veterinario en el ejercicio de su profesión.
METODOLOGÍA DE APRENDIZAJE COOPERATIVO EN LA ENSEÑANZA UNIVERSITARIA. PROPUESTA DE INTERVENCIÓN EN LAS TITULACIONES DE EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL Y EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA
Authors: García Cabrera Mª del Mar , Luque Salas Bárbara , Buenestado Mariana , Domínguez Javier , Eslava Mª Dolores , Gil Carmen , Jiménez Noelia , León Carmen , Moreno Eliana , Pérez Carolina , Reina Amalia , Rosal María , Vara Alicia
Published: July 2018

En este artículo reflejamos un trabajo de coordinación y sistematización en torno al aprendizaje cooperativo en las aulas del primer curso de los Grados en Educación Primaria y en Educación Infantil. Hemos considerado tanto el ámbito del aprendizaje y la enseñanza del alumnado como también el desarrollo profesional del profesorado universitario. Hemos realizado un trabajo en el que han estado inmersas diversas asignaturas de ambas titulaciones, dada la importancia que, desde nuestro punto de vista, tiene el desarrollo de las competencias subyacentes al trabajo colaborativo para el alumnado universitario.
PUESTA A PUNTO Y APLICACIÓN DE UNA NUEVA HERRAMIENTA METODOLÓGICA ADAPTADA AL ESPACIO EUROPEO DE ENSEÑANZA SUPERIOR: PÍLDORAS INFORMATIVAS APLICADAS EN LOS GRADOS DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA DE LOS ALIMENTOS (CYTA), INGENIERÍA FORESTAL (GIFOR) Y VETERINARIA
Authors: Posada Izquierdo Guiomar Denisse , Ruiz Gómez Francisco José , García Gimeno Rosa María , Navarro Cerrillo Rafael María
Published: July 2018

La masificación en las aulas de las universidades plantea grandes retos en el desarrollo de la enseñanza según el modelo del Espacio Europeo de Enseñanza Superior (EEES). El presente trabajo desarrolló una herramienta metodológica (Píldoras Informativas) para potenciar la implicación del alumnado en el aprendizaje autónomo, basado en la creación y edición de videos por parte del alumnado, guiada, orientada y evaluada por el profesor mediante las Guías Director. Se ha llevado a cabo la introducción de las píldoras informativas en las sesiones expositivas de asignaturas de grados impartidos en la Universidad de Córdoba, incluyendo asignaturas inmersas en itinerario de inglés. Con los resultados obtenidos se plantea la creación de seminarios de difusión de la metodología para profesorado en formación.
VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO. FORMACIÓN E INTERVENCIÓN DESDE LA INGENIERÍA
Authors: Leva Ramírez Josefa Andrea , Berral Yerón Mª Joaquina , García Gómez Mª Victoria , Serrano Gómez Inmaculada
Published: July 2018

La violencia de género sí tiene género. Es un fenómeno que suscita la mayor reprobación social y que está muy lejos de ser erradicado. Constituye uno de los vértices de la violencia machista y por tanto mientras la igualdad de género no sea una realidad continuará existiendo. Este artículo describe el proyecto llevado a cabo por un grupo de docentes y de estudiantes de ingenierías de la Escuela Politécnica Superior de Córdoba que, a través de talleres, practicaron competencias de comunicación y adquirieron a la vez conocimientos sobre herramientas de lucha contra la violencia de género, tanto desde el ámbito personal como laboral.
PLAN DE CAPTACIÓN Y MEJORA DE LAS CONDICIONES DE INGRESO DE LAS MUJERES A LAS CARRERAS DE INGENIERÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CÓRDOBA
Authors: Salas Morera Lorenzo , Ruiz Bustos Rocío
Published: July 2018

Si bien las carreras de la rama de ingeniería y arquitectura se encuentran entre las que mayor grado de inserción laboral presentan, es un hecho contrastado a nivel nacional e internacional que existe una tremenda descompensación entre el número de mujeres y hombres que eligen este tipo de grados a favor de los últimos; y lo mismo ocurre, aunque en menor proporción, en las titulaciones de la rama de ciencias. Sin embargo, en el conjunto de la Universidad Española, el número de estudiantes mujeres ya ha superado el 50%. Este hecho sorprendente puede tener diversas causas entre las que se encuentran la mitificación de las ingenierías como “carreras de hombres”, la menor (aunque injustificada) confianza de las mujeres en el campo de las matemáticas y la tecnología y, en general, un elevado desconocimiento de los tipos de trabajos que se desarrollan en el campo de la ingeniería. El presente artículo recoge los resultados tras trabajar con alumnas de institutos y colegios de la provincia de Córdoba en un triple sentido: 1) desmitificar las carreras de ingeniería como poco adecuadas para las mujeres; 2) facilitar toda la información necesaria para una correcta integración en la vida universitaria desde el primer día; y 3) desarrollar actividades académicamente dirigidas que faciliten la transición entre el bachillerato y la universidad.
Heart transplantation at 50+: Celebrations and challenges
Authors: Yacoub Magdi , Khaghani Asghar
Published: July 2018

[first paragraph of article]This year marks the 51st anniversary of the first human heart transplant operation by Christiaan Barnard at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town. This event has had a profound effect on Science, Medicine and Humanity, almost beyond expectations. The anniversary calls for celebrations, and evaluation, as with maturity comes accountability. We here attempt to summarise the reasons for celebrations, and highlight the remaining many challenges and expectations. Regarding the celebrations, this anniversary exemplifies and calls for celebration of at least four human attributes; courage, innovation, compassion, and human spirit.
ABDULLAH EFENDİ’NİN RÜYALARI HİKÂYESİNDE KORKUNUN HÜKÜMRANLIĞI
Authors: ATLI Ferda
Published: July 2018

İnsanın hemen her davranışının altında yatan temel etken duygulardan kaynağını alan düşünceleridir. Duyguların varlığı insanın yaşamını şekillendirmede çok önemli rol oynarken bu duyguların kontrolden çıkmış bir hâl almaları kişinin ruh sağlığını tehlikeye sokmaktadır. Bireyin temel ihtiyaçlarından olan ‚güvenlik‛ gereksinimini kişiye hatırlatan fakat gereğinden fazla hissedildiğinde içinden çıkılmaz buhranlara yol açan duygulardan biri de ‚korku‛dur.Duyguların ifadesini sağlayan sanatın korkuyu sıklıkla kendisine malzeme ettiği bilinmekte özellikle edebiyatta bu duygu hem her edebî türün içinde insana ait bir unsur olarak hem de müstakil bir tür olarak varlığını devam ettirmektedir. Doğu ve Batı edebiyatını iyi bilen Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın da bu duyguyu eserlerinde sıkça kullandığı görülmekte, sanatçı kendi kişisel korkularından arınmak için sanatını etkin şekilde kullanmaktadır. Tanpınar’ın özellikle hikâyelerinde ele aldığı bu duygu Abdullah Efendi’nin Rüyaları adını taşıyan hikâyesinde oldukça dikkat çekici şekilde kullanılmıştır. Sosyal yaşam ve toplum, cinsellik-kadın, kastrasyon, ihanet edilme, ölüm, anneden uzaklaşma, kişisel bütünlüğün kaybedilmesi, terk edilme ve karanlık korkularının pençesinde kıvranan Abdullah Efendi’nin tek çareyi kaçmakta bulduğu uzun bir gecesinin anlatıldığı hikâye olağanüstü öğelerle süslü bilinçdışı sembollerle örülmüştür.Bu çalışmanın amacı bireyin psikolojik ve fizyolojik olarak hayatını idame ettirebilmesi için çok gerekli olan korku duygusunun haddinden fazla hissedilmesi hâlinde yarattığı buhranları Abdullah Efendi karakteri üzerinden takip edebilmektir.
MEŞHED NÜSHASI TÜRKÇE KUR’AN TERCÜMESİNİN SÖZ VARLIĞI ÜZERİNE NOTLAR II: BAZI HAPAXLAR ÜZERİNE
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Yaşar
Published: July 2018

Bu makale, Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi’nin 42. sayısında yayınlanan “Meşhed Nüshası Türkçe Kur’an Tercümesinin Söz Varlığı Üzerine Notlar” adlı çalışmanın devamı olup Meşhed ve Rylands Nüshalarında tanıklanan beş hapax örneğini (çaķrıķ “çığlık, haykırış”; ķomıltur- “teşvik etmek”; örçüne- “direnmek, inat etmek”; ton yuġuçı “havari”; turılan- “sert, acımasız davranmak”) konu almaktadır. İncelediğimiz sözcüklerden örçüne-, ton yuġuçı ve ķomıltur- Türk dili tarihinde ilk kez karşımıza çıkmaktadır. çaķrıķ ve turılan- ise Rylands ve Meşhed Nüshaları dışında herhangi bir metinde görülmemektedir. Bu sözcükler üzerine yapılan etimolojik izahlar makalenin özünü teşkil etmektedir.
ARUZ VEZNİNİN TÜRK ŞİİRİNE TATBİKİNDE BAŞVURULAN İMLÂ/TELAFFUZ TASARRUFLARI VE MAHİYETLERİ
Authors: DÜZENLİ Mesut Bayram , BULAK Şahap
Published: July 2018

Tanzimat döneminden beri edebiyatçılar, eleştirmenler ve akademik çevrelerce hemen hemen bütün yönleriyle uzun uzadıya tartışılmasına rağmen, bugün aruz vezni ile ilgili çözülmesi gereken birçok sorun bulunmaktadır. Bu sorunların başında “aruz imlâsı”, “imlâsızlık”, “aruz tasarrufları” ve “aruz kusurları” gibi adlarla anılan ve aruz vezninin Türk şiirine tatbikinde yaşanan güçlükleri aşmak için başvurulan imlâ/telaffuz tasarrufları gelir. Adlandırılmasında dahi bir kabul birliği sağlanamayan söz konusu sorun, bugüne kadar çokça tartışılmış; fakat bir çözüme kavuşturulamamıştır. Aruz tasarruflarının enine boyuna tartışılarak konunun açıklığa kavuşturulabilmesi için öncelikle bu veznin, Türk şiirine tatbikinde yaşanan güçlükleri aşmak amacıyla başvurulan bütün imlâ/telaffuz tasarruflarının tanınması ve tanıtılması gerekir.Bu çalışmada, aruz vezninin Türk şiirine tatbikinde yaşanan güçlükleri aşmak amacıyla başvurulan imlâ/telaffuz tasarrufları olan “imâle, zihâf, tavsîl, tahrîk, teskîn, teşdîd, tahfîf, tezyîd, tenkîs, tebdîl, tefrîk”, öncelikle kelime ve terim anlamları verilerek Klasik şiirin farklı dönemlerinde farklı şairlerinin şiirlerinden seçilen örneklerle bütün yönleriyle tanıtılmıştır. Veznin mısra’a sorunsuz bir şekilde tatbik edilebilmesi için ihtiyaç duyulan açık veya kapalı heceyi elde etmek ya da mısradaki hece fazlalığını veya hece eksikliğini gidermek maksadıyla başvurulduğu tespit edilen söz konusu tasarruflar hakkında Türkçe dilbilgisi kuralları çerçevesinde bazı değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Bu bağlamda, aruzun Türkçeye tatbikinde başvurulan telaffuz ve imlâ tasarrufları, topyekûn kusur olarak değil, imlâ/telaffuz çeşitliliği ve imlâ/telaffuz sapması olarak iki farklı grupta değerlendirilmiştir. Türkçenin yapısına zarar vermeyen imlâ/telaffuz tasarrufları caiz olarak değerlendirilerek imlâ/telaffuz çeşitliliği; Türkçenin yapısına zarar veren imlâ/telaffuz tasarrufları ise fahiş olarak değerlendirilerek imlâ/telaffuz sapması olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Nutraceutical Targeting of Placental Synthesis of Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase- 1 (sFlt-1) as Strategy for Preventing and Controlling Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Iloki-Assanga Simon , McCarty Mark F.
Published: July 2018

The primary driving force in preeclampsia (PE) appears to be excessive secretion of fms-like tyrosine
kinase-1 (sFlt-1), a truncated decoy receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth
factor (PlGF) that induces systemic endotheliopathy by depriving endothelial cells of the trophic support conferred
by VEGF. Factors which boost placental sFlt-1 production in PE include hypoxia – reflecting improper
placentation – oxidative stress, and deficient production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Nutraceutical measures which
may address these issues include taurine and N-acetylcysteine – which may boost placental H2S production;
spirulina and phase 2 inducers of heme oxygenase-1 such as lipoic acid – which may down-regulate placental
NADPH oxidase activity; and citrulline, high-dose folate, and dietary nitrate – which by supporting placental
nitric oxide production may aid proper placentation and hence prevent placental hypoxia. These agents may also
help to alleviate the pathogenic impact of sFlt-1 excess. If the utility of such measures can be demonstrated in
rodent models of PE, functional foods incorporating these nutraceuticals can be envisioned as aids to a healthful
pregnancy. Moreover, rodent studies suggest that such prenatal supplementation may reduce risk for hypertension
in adult offspring of the pregnancy. And, since women who develop PE are at markedly higher risk for cardiovascular
disorders in their later life, continuing use of such supplementation – promoting effective NO and H2S bioactivity
while aiding control of oxidative stress - may be advisable for the mothers.
Co-administration of Phycocyanobilin and/or Phase 2-Inducer Nutraceuticals for Prevention of Opiate Tolerance
Authors: McCarty Mark F. , Iloki-Assanga Simon
Published: July 2018

Chronic use of opiates for control of chronic pain is complicated by the development of tolerance and
hyperalgesia, and hence usually entails dose escalation and diminished efficacy. Our evolving understanding of
the mechanisms mediating induction of morphine tolerance may enable discovery of adjunct measures which can
prevent this tolerance; this essay proposes that certain nutraceuticals may have utility in this regard. Considerable
evidence now points to an obligate role for production of peroxynitrite and other oxidants in the dorsal horn in
development of morphine tolerance. Various isoforms of NADPH oxidase are the chief source of the superoxide
which gives rise to these oxidants. Since heme oxygenase, via its products bilirubin and carbon monoxide, functions
as a physiological inhibitor of various isoforms of NADPH oxidase, phase 2-inducing nutraceuticals with
blood brain-barrier permeability such as lipoic acid, an effective inducer of heme oxygenase-1, may have potential
for prevention of morphine tolerance; indeed, this has been demonstrated in a mouse study. The phycocyanobilin
(PhyCB) chromophore of spirulina, a structural analog of biliverdin, shares bilirubin’s ability to inhibit
NAPDH oxidase complexes; hence, administration of spirulina or of PhyCB-enriched spirulina extracts merits
evaluation in rodent models of morphine tolerance. Uric acid quenches peroxynitrite-derived radicals, and its
plasma level can be boosting via supplementation with inosine; indeed, administration of inosine has been shown
to counteract development of hyperalgesia in rodents. If practical doses of these agents can be shown to prevent
morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia in rodents, their use as adjuvants to clinical opiate therapy should be assessed.
Investigation on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Potential Telomerase Inhibitors
Authors: Tutone Marco , Pecoraro Beatrice , Almerico Anna M.
Published: July 2018

Background:

Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase, maintains telomere and chromosomes integrity of dividing cells, while it is inactivated in most somatic cells. In tumor cells, telomerase is highly activated, and works in order to maintain the length of telomeres causing immortality, hence it could be considered as a potential marker to tumorigenesis.A series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives showed significant broad-spectrum anticancer activity against different cell lines, and demonstrated telomerase inhibition.

Methods:

This series of 24 N-benzylidene-2-((5-(pyridine-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2yl)thio)acetohydrazide derivatives as telomerase inhibitors has been considered to carry out QSAR studies. The endpoint to build QSAR models is determined by the IC50 values for telomerase inhibition, i.e., the concentration (μM) of inhibitor that produces 50% inhibition. These values were converted to pIC50 (- log IC50) values. We used the most common and transparent method, where models are described by clearly expressed mathematical equations: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS).

Results:

Validated models with high correlation coefficients were developed. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models, by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), showed good robustness and predictive capability, according to the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM = 0.8352), a technique that simultaneously enhances the performances of a certain number of criteria. The descriptors selected for the models, such as electrotopological state (E-state) descriptors, and extended topochemical atom (ETA) descriptors, showed the relevant chemical information contributing to the activity of these compounds.

Conclusion:

The results obtained in this study make sure about the identification of potential hits as prospective telomerase inhibitors.
Integrated Metabolomics and Phytochemical Genomics Approaches for Studies on St. John’s Wort
Authors: Mafakheri Saeideh , Karami Akbar
Published: July 2018

Metabolomics is widely applied for investigation of the correlation between metabolites
and genes responsible for the synthesis of the particular sets of metabolites. In this review, we discuss
metabolomics research on Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort) to elucidate the overall
regulation of the metabolism related to the mechanisms of natural variations and environmental
stresses such as fungal infections, light stresses, and chemical elicitors. We also focus on phytochemical
genomics and genomic information. St. John’s Wort is a medicinal plant with high potential
of producing hypericin used for mild depression remedy, so knowledge on the biosynthetic
pathway of unique metabolites is fundamental for their biotechnological commercial production.
These metabolites have often complex biosynthetic pathway and it is challenging to identify all of
the catalyzing enzymes. The development of metabolic systems biology could open new channels
for high-speed construction and evaluation of hypotheses for cellular regulatory systems.
Evaluation of Nutritional Supplementation with Palm Oil in High-Gravity Beer Production
Authors: Magalhães Caroline C.A. , Romão Julia A. , Araújo Geiza S. , Santos Diego T. , De Carvalho Giovani B.M.
Published: July 2018

Background: The use of nutritional supplementation of the brewer's wort can be an interesting
option to increase cell viability and yeast fermentability.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of the variables wort concentration and nutritional
supplementation with palm oil in the production of beer in high-density wort.

Methods: The process effects were evaluated through the central composite rotational design of
type 22 associated with the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The fermentations were carried
out using the commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, lager type, at 15°C.

Results: The mathematical models and RSM obtained were an efficienct strategy to determine the
optimum fermentation point for the ethanol volumetric productivity (wort concentration of 20.90 °P
and palm oil content of 0.19 % v/v) and for the apparent degree of fermentation (wort concentration
of 16.90 °P and palm oil content of 0.22% v/v). There was a good correlation between the experimental
values observed and predicted by the model, indicating that the fit of the model was satisfactory
and it can be inferred that the increase of the wort concentration and the nutritional supplementation
with the palm oil reached an ethanol volumetric productivity of 0.55 g/L.h and an apparent
degree of fermentation of 50.20 %.

Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that our study demonstrates that nutritional supplementation
with palm oil is an alternative and promising option for the breweries to increase productivity.
There are recent patents also suggesting the advantages of using alternative nutritional supplements
in beverage production.
Prophylactic Potential of Conventional and Supercritical Garlic Extracts to Alleviate Diet Related Malfunctions
Authors: Awan Kanza A. , Butt Masood S. , Ashfaq Faiza , Munir Hussan , Suleria Hafiz A.R.
Published: July 2018

Objectives: The present research was tailored to explore the prophylactic role of garlic
extracts to mitigate some diet related malfunctions. The recent patents regarding antidiabetic agents
(US 20140147528 A1) and garlic compositions (US 20110129580 A1) also helped in the study design.

Methods: Bioevaluation trials were conducted on Sprague Dawley rats by feeding garlic extracts
for a period of sixty days. Accordingly, three studies were carried out comprising of normal, hyperglycemic
and hypercholesterolemic rats. Drink & feed intakes and weight gain were measured
throughout the trial. After sixty days, collected sera from rats were analyzed for serum cholesterol,
LDL, HDL & triglyceride levels and glucose & insulin concentrations. Finally, the data obtained
were subjected to statistical modeling.

Results: Results concerning the bioevaluation trials revealed that maximum 12.39% reduction was
observed in serum cholesterol in Study III (hypercholesterolemic rats) on the provision of garlic
supercritical extract (nutraceutical diet) followed by 10.24% decline in rats fed on solvent extract
supplemented diet (functional diet). Regarding LDL, maximum decrease (17.02%) was recorded on
the administration of diet having garlic supercritical extract to the hypercholesterolemic rats. While
in Study II (hyperglycemic rats) maximum decrease of 11.03% in glucose level was recorded in
rats fed on supercritical extract containing diet. In the same group maximum increase in insulin
(7.95%) was recorded.

Conclusions: From the current investigations, it can be concluded that garlic based designer foods
possess the prophylactic perspectives to alleviate the risk of metabolic ailments. Thus, it can be
used in the diet based therapeutic interventions as an adjuvant to pharmaceuticals.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics in Kidney Disease
Authors: Roberts Darren M. , Sevastos Jacob , Carland Jane E. , Stocker Sophie L. , Lea-Henry Tom N.
Published: July 2018

A change in pharmacokinetics can alter drug exposure and predispose the patient to either over- or underdosing, potentially resulting in adverse drug reactions or therapeutic failure. Kidney disease is characterized by multiple physiologic effects, which induce clinically significant changes in pharmacokinetics. These vary between individuals and may be quantitated in certain instances. An understanding of pharmacokinetic concepts is, therefore, important for a rational approach to the design of drug dosing regimens for the delivery of personalized medical care. Whether kidney disease is acute or chronic, drug clearance decreases and the volume of distribution may remain unchanged or increase. AKI is defined by dynamic changes in kidney function, which complicates attempts to accurately quantify drug clearance. In contrast, changes in drug clearance progress more slowly with CKD. In general, kidney replacement therapies increase drug clearance, but the extent to which this occurs depends on the modality used and its duration, the drug’s properties, and the timing of drug administration. However, the changes in drug handling associated with kidney disease are not isolated to reduced kidney clearance and an appreciation of the scale of potential derangements is important. In most instances, the first dose administered in patients with kidney disease is the same as in patients with normal kidney function. However, in some cases, a higher (loading) initial dose is given to rapidly achieve therapeutic concentrations, followed by a lower maintenance dose, as is well described when prescribing anti-infectives to patients with sepsis and AKI. This review provides an overview of how pharmacokinetic principles can be applied to patients with kidney disease to personalize dosage regimens. Patients with kidney disease are a vulnerable population and the increasing prevalence of kidney disease means that these considerations are important for all prescribers.