bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic syndrome and lung function in Korean children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kim Minji , Choi Seoheui , Choi Soo-Han , Shin Seon-Hee , Kim Sung Koo , Shim Young Suk , Jeon You Hoon
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to investigate whether obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with pulmonary function in Korean children and adolescents. Data from the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey which is cross-sectional, nationwide, and representative survey were used. Adjusted regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of obesity and MetS with lung function in children and adolescents. A total of 763 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years were evaluated. We found no significant difference in FEV1% predicted, FVC% predicted, and FEV1/FVC ratio among the obesity groups. Subjects with MetS showed a significantly lower FEV1 predicted (91.54 ± 0.74% vs 94.64 ± 0.73%, P = 0.004), lower FVC% predicted (91.86 ± 0.63% vs 95.20 ± 0.63%, P < 0.001), and lower FEV1/FVC ratio (76.76 ± 0.43% vs 80.13 ± 0.43%, P < 0.001) than those without MetS. Elevated waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were independently associated with lower FEV1/FVC ratio (all P < 0.05, respectively). Among MetS components, increased WC was the most important factor influencing lower FEV1/FVC ratio. In conclusion, lung function in MetS patients was significantly lower, and the MetS component was independently associated.
Risk of breast cancer in women with non-lactational mastitis
Authors: Chang Chun-Ming , Lin Mei-Chen , Yin Wen-Yao
Published: October 2019

Little is known regarding the association of non-lactational mastitis women with breast cancer risk. This population-based cohort study examined the breast cancer risk in women with non-lactational mastitis. We identified 3,091 women with non-lactational mastitis between 2000 and 2011 using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We performed 1:4 propensity score matching by age, socioeconomic status and comorbidities and identified 12,364 women without non-lactational mastitis. The mean age of women with non-lactational mastitis was 37.9 years; these women had a higher breast cancer risk than the comparison group (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval: 1.30–2.90). The incidence rates of breast cancer in women with non-lactational mastitis and the comparison group were 14.79 and 7.57 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. Furthermore, non-lactational mastitis was a risk factor for breast cancer in women aged <50 years, women with lower socioeconomic status and women with hormonal medication (p < 0.05). Women who had more episodes of non-lactational mastitis had a higher risk of developing a breast cancer. Thus, the risk of breast cancer in women with non-lactational mastitis is significantly higher than those without non-lactational mastitis.
Estimated functional space of centric condyle positions in temporomandibular joints of asymptomatic individuals using MRI
Authors: Čelar Aleš , Gahleitner André , Lettner Stefan , Freudenthaler Josef
Published: October 2019

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on centric condyle positions lack 3D comparisons of guided and unguided methods, which are used for accomplishing centric relation reference positions. The purpose of this study was to describe the space, in which mandibular condyles are placedin vivoby dental intercuspation, Dawson’s bimanual manipulation, and neuromuscular position. Twenty asymptomatic individuals aged 23 to 37 years underwent separate bite registrations using bimanual manipulation and the unguided neuromuscular technique. Subsequent 3-Tesla MRI scans of both temporomandibular joints yielded 3D data of the most superior condylar points at maximum intercuspation and both centric relation positions. We found concentric condyle positions in maximum intercuspation but considerable variation of condyle position after bimanual manipulation and neuromuscular technique. Their 95% predictive confidence ellipses overlapped substantially and created a space of reference positions. Its smallest volume averaged 2 mm3for a minimal convex hull (95% confidence interval 1.1–3.2) and 3.5 mm3for a minimal ellipsoid hull (95% confidence interval 1.8–5.4). Visualizedin vivoby MRI, condyle positions at bimanual manipulation and neuromuscular position were not predictable and showed substantial variation in asymptomatic subjects. Clinicians should be aware of the functional space and its effect on dental intercuspation.
NCOA5 Haplo-insufficiency Results in Male Mouse Infertility through Increased IL-6 Expression in the Epididymis
Authors: Gao Shenglan , Zhang Yueqi , Yang Chengfeng , Perez Gloria I. , Xiao Hua
Published: October 2019

Male infertility might be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors that impair spermatogenesis and epididymal sperm maturation. Here we report that heterozygous deletion of the nuclear receptor coactivator-5 (Ncoa5) gene resulted in decreased motility and progression of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis, leading to infertility in male mice. Light microscopic and ultrastructural analysis revealed morphological defects in the spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymis of Ncoa5+/− mice. Immunohistochemistry showed that interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in epithelial cells of Ncoa5+/− epididymis was higher than wild type counterparts. Furthermore, heterozygous deletion of Il-6 gene in Ncoa5+/− male mice partially improved spermatozoa motility and moderately rescued infertility phenotype. Our results uncover a previously unknown physiological role of NCOA5 in the regulation of epididymal sperm maturation and suggest that NCOA5 deficiency could cause male infertility through increased IL-6 expression in epididymis.
Notch Signaling Regulates MMP-13 Expression via Runx2 in Chondrocytes
Authors: Xiao Di , Bi Ruiye , Liu Xianwen , Mei Jie , Jiang Nan , Zhu Songsong
Published: October 2019

Notch signaling is involved in the early onset of osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Notch signaling changes during proliferation and differentiation of chondrocyte, and to testify the mechanism of MMP-13 regulation by Notch and Runx2 expression changes during osteoarthritis. In this study, Chondrocytes were isolated from rat knee cartilages. Notch signaling was activated/inhibited by Jagged-1/DAPT. Proliferative capacity of Chondrocytes was analyzed by CCK-8 staining and EdU labeling. ColX, Runx2 and MMP-13 expressions were analyzed as cell differentiation makers. Then, Runx2 gene expression was interfered using lentivirus transfection (RNAi) and was over-expressed by plasmids transfected siRNA in chondrocytes, and MMP-13 expression was analyzed after Jagged-1/DAPT treatment. In vivo, an intra-articular injection of shRunx2 lentivirus followed with Jagged1/DAPT treatments was performed in rats. MMP-13 expression in articular cartilage was detected by immunohistochemistry. Finally, MMP-13 expression changes were analyzed in chondrocytes under IL-1β stimulation. Our findings showed that, CCK-8 staining and EdU labeling revealed suppression of cell proliferation by Notch signaling activation after Jagged-1 treatment in chondrocytes. Promoted differentiation was also observed, characterized by increased expressions of Col X, MMP-13 and Runx2. Meanwhile, Sox9, aggrecan and Col II expressions were down-regulated. The opposite results were observed in Notch signaling inhibited cells by DAPT treatment. In addition, Runx2 RNAi significantly attenuated the ‘regulatory sensitivity’ of Notch signaling on MMP-13 expression both in vitro and in vivo. However, we found there wasn’t significant changes of this ‘regulatory sensitivity’ of Notch signaling after Runx2 over-expression. Under IL-1β circumstance, MMP-13 expression could be reduced by both DAPT treatment and Runx2 RNAi, while Runx2 interference also attenuated the ‘regulatory sensitivity’ of Notch in MMP-13 under IL-1β stimulation. In conclusion, Notch signaling is an important regulator on rat chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and this regulatory effect was partially mediated by proper Runx2 expression under both normal and IL-1β circumstances. In the meanwhile, DAPT treatment could effectively suppress expression of MMP-13 stimulated by IL-1 β.
Application of Automatic Kinematic Analysis Program for the Evaluation of Dysphagia in ALS patients
Authors: Lee Ban Hyung , Lee Jun Chang , Lee Sun Myoung , Park Yulhyun , Ryu Ju Seok
Published: October 2019

Dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) increases the risk of malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia. Kinematic analysis of videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) can provide detailed movement of the hyoid bone, revealing abnormalities of swallowing in ALS patients. We developed an automated kinematic analysis program (AKAP) that analyzes the trajectory of the hyoid bone via a visual tracking method. The aim of this study was to investigate the hyoid movement in ALS patients using AKAP and compare it with non-dysphagic subjects. Thirty ALS patients who underwent VFSS in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2015 and 2017 were recruited. For comparison, 30 age-matched control subjects were also enrolled; the same swallowing study was conducted using thin fluid and yogurt. The hyoid bone movement was analyzed by evaluating the vertical and horizontal distances with four peak points (A, B, C, D), and the time of each point were also calculated. With respect to distance parameters, only vertical peak distance (distance between B, D points) during thin fluid swallowing was significantly decreased in ALS patients. (p = 0.038) With respect to temporal parameters, Time ABC, Time ABCD, and Duration C were significantly increased in ALS patients when swallowing both thin fluid and yogurt. (Time ABC p = 0.019, p = 0.002; Time ABCD p = 0.001, p = 0.004; Duration C p = 0.004, p = 0.025 respectively). This result revealed that dysphagia in ALS patient is caused by decreased velocity of hyoid bone movement due to the development of weakness in swallowing-related muscles. The parameters of kinematic analysis could be used to quantitatively evaluate dysphagia in motor neuron disease.
Habitat degradation and indiscriminate hunting differentially impact faunal communities in the Southeast Asian tropical biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Tilker Andrew , Abrams Jesse F. , Mohamed Azlan , Nguyen An , Wong Seth T. , Sollmann Rahel , Niedballa Jürgen , Bhagwat Tejas , Gray Thomas N. E. , Rawson Benjamin M. , Guegan Francois , Kissing Johnny , Wegmann Martin , Wilting Andreas
Published: October 2019

Habitat degradation and hunting have caused the widespread loss of larger vertebrate species (defaunation) from tropical biodiversity hotspots. However, these defaunation drivers impact vertebrate biodiversity in different ways and, therefore, require different conservation interventions. We conducted landscape-scale camera-trap surveys across six study sites in Southeast Asia to assess how moderate degradation and intensive, indiscriminate hunting differentially impact tropical terrestrial mammals and birds. We found that functional extinction rates were higher in hunted compared to degraded sites. Species found in both sites had lower occupancies in the hunted sites. Canopy closure was the main predictor of occurrence in the degraded sites, while village density primarily influenced occurrence in the hunted sites. Our findings suggest that intensive, indiscriminate hunting may be a more immediate threat than moderate habitat degradation for tropical faunal communities, and that conservation stakeholders should focus as much on overhunting as on habitat conservation to address the defaunation crisis.
Poly(caprolactone-co-trimethylenecarbonate) urethane acrylate resins for digital light processing of bioresorbable tissue engineering implants
Authors: Kuhnt Tobias , Marroquín García Ramiro , Camarero-Espinosa Sandra , Dias Aylvin , ten Cate A. Tessa , van Blitterswijk Clemens A. , Moroni Lorenzo , Baker Matthew B.
Published: October 2019

Biodegradable polyester urethane acrylate oligomers were created to address the scarcity of resins for Digital Light Processing (DLP). Cell adhesion was heavily influenced by copolymer composition.
Enhancing the hydrostability and processability of metal–organic polyhedra by self-polymerization or copolymerization with styrene
Authors: Xie Xiao-Yan , Wu Fan , Liu Xiao-Qin , Sun Lin-Bing
Published: October 2019

Discrete MOP molecules are crosslinked by self-polymerization or copolymerization with styrene, leading to improved hydrostability and processability.
Efficient stable graphene-based perovskite solar cells with high flexibility in device assembling via modular architecture design
Authors: Zhang Chunyang , Wang Shi , Zhang Hong , Feng Yulin , Tian Wenming , Yan Ying , Bian Jiming , Wang Yuchen , Jin Shengye , Zakeeruddin Shaik Mohammed , Grätzel Michael , Shi Yantao
Published: October 2019

A new type of modular carbon-based PSC with an advanced architecture is designed and achieves high efficiencies up to 18.65%, which possibly opens new avenues for modular assembly of photovoltaic devices in future.
Optimization of interstrand interactions enables burn detection with a collagen-mimetic peptide
Authors: Dones Jesús M. , Tanrikulu I. Caglar , Chacko Jenu V. , Schroeder Alexandra B. , Hoang Trish T. , Gibson Angela L. F. , Eliceiri Kevin W. , Raines Ronald T.
Published: October 2019

The modulation of interstrand steric clashes can shift the preference of collagen-mimetic peptides from homotrimer to heterotrimer formation, enabling the detection of burn-damaged tissue ex vivo.
Unexpected structural complexity of thorium coordination polymers and polyoxo cluster built from simple formate ligands
Authors: Li Zi-Jian , Guo Shangyao , Lu Huangjie , Xu Yongjia , Yue Zenghui , Weng Linhong , Guo Xiaofeng , Lin Jian , Wang Jian-Qiang
Published: October 2019

A simple synthetic approach with [HCOOH]/[Th(iv)] and water controls the yield of six thorium formates with unexpected structural complexity.
Multifunctional lubricant additive based on difluoroboron derivatives of a diphenylamine antioxidant
Authors: Wang Shengpei , Yu Shasha , Feng Jianxiang , Liu Shenggao
Published: October 2019

Difluoroboron derivatives of an antioxidant with excellent antioxidation and antiwear properties provide a new strategy for metal-free and phosphorus-free multifunctional additives.
Advances in targeting and heterologous expression of genes involved in the synthesis of fungal secondary metabolites
Authors: Qiao Yun-Ming , Yu Rui-Lin , Zhu Ping
Published: October 2019

Gene targeting involves integration of foreign DNA into the fungal genome by several strategies including Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT).
Preparation and electrochemical performance of VO2(A) hollow spheres as a cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries
Authors: Li Runxia , Yu Xin , Bian Xiaofei , Hu Fang
Published: October 2019

VO2(A) hollow spheres exhibit superior zinc ion storage performance, large reversible capacity of 357 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and good cycling stability with a capacity retention of 76% over 500 cycles at 5 A g−1
Surface modification of ZnMgAl-coated steel by dielectric-barrier discharge plasma
Authors: Knust Steffen , Kuhlmann Andreas , Arcos Teresa de los , Grundmeier Guido
Published: October 2019

Correlation between atmospheric DBD plasma-induced surface chemical changes on a ZnMgAl alloy coating and the resulting adhesive properties.
High glucose provokes microvesicles generation from glomerular podocytes via NOX4/ROS pathway
Authors: Li Mingzhen , Zhang Tian , Wu Xin , Chen Yulin , Sun Lirong
Published: October 2019

Microvesicles (MVs) were involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Oxidative stress played a key role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our aim of the present study was to investigate whether high glucose (HG) could provoke MVs generation from podocytes and its potential mechanism. Mouse podocyte clone 5 (MPC-5) was stimulated by HG. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) of podocytes were measured by fluorescence microscopy with the probe of CM-H2DCFDA and MitoSOX™. Antioxidants N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and α lipoic acid (α-LA) were used to treat podocytes after HG stimulation. The rate of podocyte apoptosis was evaluated with Annexin V-FITC by flow cytometry. NOX4 expression was examined and siRNA were performed to explore the mechanism of MVs generation. The quantities of MVs from MPC-5 cells was significantly increased (P<0.05) by 4.6-times after 30 mM glucose stimulation, accompanied with double increased apoptosis. Cellular ROS generation was increased by HG at the peak of 48 h stimulation. HG-induced MVs were significantly decreased by 52.9% after pretreatment by antioxidant NAC. Nevertheless, mitochondrial ROS in podocytes reached a peak at 4 h stimulation, but specific antioxidant α-LA had no effect on the production of MVs (P>0.05). Levels of NOX4 mRNA and protein expression were significantly up-regulated by HG (P<0.05). Podocyte-derived MVs by HG were eliminated by NOX4 siRNA. HG can provoke MVs generation from glomerular podocytes through ROS/NOX4 pathway, not from mitochondrial pathway.
Determination of product density for calculating the safety pressure on the walls of sieve drum in pulping machine
Authors: Bogdanov Andrey V. , Popova Svetlana Yu. , Stricker Lyubov A.
Published: October 2019

Pulping machines are an integral part of production lines for the processing fruits and vegetables. To meet the ever-growing demand for these agricultural products, it is necessary to introduce innovative solutions to modernize equipment not only for increasing its productivity but also for ensuring its safety. The article proposes a pulping machine that helps to increase the productivity by using the entire area of the sieve drum. The productivity also depends on reliable and safe equipment operation, elimination of downtime during product pulping. One of the main factors affecting the reliable and safe operation is the pressure of pulped product on the walls of the sieve drum, and this pressure depends on the product density. It has been experimentally shown that the density of pulped product can vary significantly even for different varieties of vegetable marrow. As the calculations show, in this case the pressure inside the sieve drum of the pulping machine changes considerably (more than 10%). Therefore, the density of the product should be taken into account when calculating the design parameters of the pulping machine; it helps to ensure its reliable and safe operation and hence to reduce the probability of downtime and to improve the productivity.
Use of vortex flows for aerodynamic threshing of agricultural crops
Authors: Safonov Vladimir , Zhalnin Eduard , Lapa Marina , Bordan Dmitry
Published: October 2019

The presence of self-oscillations in the vortex tube allowed threshing of various agricultural crops in it, such as rice, corn, wheat, oats, etc. For aerodynamic threshing of agricultural crops, the following installations were used: for threshing of selection samples, a tube 50 mm in diameter; for threshing corn cobs with a pipe with a diameter of 300 mm, 500 mm and a diameter of 1000 mm; threshing unit (pipes with a diameter of 1.2 ÷ 2 m), an unconventional vortex aerodynamic stand for threshing crops. According to the results of experiments, the threshing parameters are presented.
Advanced mathematical model of fuel supply operating process and results of calculations of fuel supply parameters for diesel engine running on composite rapeseed-mineral fuel
Authors: Averyanov Alexander , Rotanov Evgeniy , Vlasov Stanislav
Published: October 2019

Results of theoretical studies are presented, their purpose was to assess the effect of heating of diesel composite fuel on cycle fuel supply and fuel pressure in the above-plunger space of a high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP). A refined mathematical model of the fuel supply process is described, which takes into account the concentration of rapeseed oil in composite rapeseed-mineral fuel and its physical properties, and theoretical justification of a method for determining the mean effective flow crosssection of nozzles and pressure fuel tubing is presented. The analysis results showed that with an increase in the concentration of rapeseed oil in composite diesel fuel and the revolution rate of HPFP camshaft at a temperature of 30 °C, a sharp decrease in the cycle fuel supply is observed which is smoother at heating. The same trend is observed with a change in the fuel pressure in the above-plunger space of HPFP.
Logistics and principles of use of solid and liquid household waste, as relevant energy resource
Authors: Papin Vladimir , Bezuglov Roman , Veselovskaya Elena , Yanuchok Alexander
Published: October 2019

The principles of effective management of the existing and again arriving waste of different types are considered in this article. Some enterprises of the Russian Federation are considered as sources and consumers of an energy resource. In addition to the main objective — elimination of a large number of the saved-up waste, the task of extraction the useful materials for further use in necessary spheres of the industry is set. Development of heat and electrical energy. The solution of objectives will be carried out by development of the conceptual scheme of logistics the different types waste which will include a layered design with final recommendations for consumers and the enterprises. Also the complex analysis of waste on economic (to the principle of usefulness) and territorial to signs will be carried out.
Theoretical research of needle-shaped harrow operation expended on soil pinching by needles
Authors: Serguntsov Alexander , Serguntsova Victoria
Published: October 2019

Needle–shaped harrows developed by us belong to harrows which represent known designs which are carrying out rolling in longitudinal–vertical plane. According to number of disks with needles, we have developed single- and double- disk harrows, under connection of which there can be formed a multi–disk harrow. Analysis shows that in order to improve impact of needles on soil in places of its pinching, it is necessary that in first disk with needles, the angle between which is equal to α, and in other disk, which is located next to the first disk (i.e. parallel to first disk), needles are also at angle α, however, these needles together with disk should be rotated in direction of movement of disks (or against direction of movement of these disks) at angle α/2. During the design of double-disk harrow, there was set the task of changing the design of needle harrow to ensure increase in uniformity of impact of needles on soil surface.
The study of the working body of the sowing complex in flowvision
Authors: Tatarov Grigory , Kurdumov Vladimir , Sharonov Ivan
Published: October 2019

The studies performed clearly show the distribution of soil pressure on the working surface of the opener and allow a comparative assessment based on the experimental data obtained.
Engineering design of technological parameters of separation of seed in the upward air flow of pneumatic sorting machines
Authors: Khamuev Victor , Gerasimenko Stanislav , Chaava Mikhail
Published: October 2019

It was showed the results of the determination the optimal parameters of the narrowing partitions installed in pneumatic channels with a vertical up air flow for cleaning seeds. The installation narrowing partitions in pneumatic channels makes it possible to increase the productivity and efficiency for cleaning seeds from difficult–to–remove impurities by no less than 20%, while the optimal ratio of the width of the partitions and the depth of the pneumatic canal sections varies from 0.3 to 0.5.
The study of gas-liquid flow dynamics in the inclined-corrugated elements of cooling tower filler unit
Authors: Madyshev lnur N. , Khafizova Aliya I. , Dmitrieva Oksana S.
Published: October 2019

This paper deals with the studies of cooling tower, operated with the contactless evaporative cooling technology. The authors developed the cooling tower with a three-flow liquid cooling system. The authors conducted the numerical studies of gas-liquid flow dynamics in the inclined-corrugated elements of checker filling unit that allows to give us an idea of two-phase flow structure, its movement throughout the checker filling, as well as to assess the influence of mode parameters on the efficiency of collecting the liquid drops and the range of stable operation of device. The most effective operation of this device is at the pressure drop of 100 Pa, while developing the average air flow rate in the element up to 3.2 m/s.
Algorithm of adaptation results tractors tractive tests based on systems OECD and ISO
Authors: Lavrov Alexander , Shevtsov Vladimir , Sidorov Maksim
Published: October 2019

In this paper authors described the algorithm for matching and harmonization the results of traction tests of domestic and foreign tractors according to the OECD and ISO systems. The results of the calculations are entered into the designed database, which contained 5 information blocks and control block. The control unit allows to implement a number of information requests (in terms of operating mass, maximum traction power, etc.). Information of agricultural tractors tests is contained in this database, test were made in Germany (11 models), France (8 models), Italy (8 models), and Austria, India, South Korea (over 37 models) according to OECD standards, each model tested on 2 type of covering: concrete and stubble.
Integrated waste–free processing of the electricarc furnace dust
Authors: Mikheenkov Mikhail , Nekrasov Ilya , Egiazaryan Denis
Published: October 2019

The article deals with issues of integrated waste-free processing of electric arc furnaces dust. It is shown that it is possible to obtain a whole range of valuable commodity products on both metal and non-metal bases as a result of the electric arc furnaces dust complex processing. Integrated waste–free processing reduces the arc furnaces dust impact on the environment and produces a number of valuable commercial products.
Regularities of motion of a particle in the spiral–screwed device
Authors: Isaev Yuri , Semashkin Nikolay , Zlobin Vadim
Published: October 2019

The article describes the functional relationship between the geometric parameters of the spiral screw and the kinematic motion characteristics of the material being moved and its individual particles. The authors considered the movement of a particle in the cylindrical system of coordinates. Differential equations have been obtained, which describe the motion trajectory of a material particle along the inner surface of the casing of a spiral–helical device.
Energy–saving dryer
Authors: Pavlushin Andrey , Sutyagin Sergey , Dolgov Vladimir
Published: October 2019

The urgency of creation of drying installation of contact type with electric heating a thin layer of a grain is formulated and proved. The circuit of installation for drying a grain is offered and her working process is described. Theoretical researches by definition of technological and constructive parameters of installation are resulted. The basic advantages of offered installation to drying a grain are revealed in comparison with existing.
Substantiation of the parameters constructions platform with electric drive for harvesting strawberries
Authors: Filippov Rostislav , Khort Dmitriy , Smirnov Igor
Published: October 2019

The article presents an analysis of possible options for placing the berry picker using various technical means, the calculation of energy costs on the slopes during operation, as a result of which it isestablished that for a more efficient process of harvesting strawberries with the least degree of fatigue, the pickers should be located on the site located between two adjacent rows.The results of computermodeling and laboratory and bench modeling were presented, the area mastered by the picker during thework was found, the parameters of the workplace picker were justified. As a result of the research, anoriginal design of a self–propelled platform with an electric drive with adjustable technical parameters was proposed and developed.
Results of tests of devices for sunflower harvesting in economic conditions
Authors: Chaplygin Mikhail , Bespalova Olga , Podzorova Mariya
Published: October 2019

The results of tests of devices for sunflower harvesting differing in design, the number of rows to be removed, the presence of the chopper stems in real economic conditions and machine testing stations.
On the evaluation of storage facilities on the dustiness of the urban environment
Authors: Lupinogin Vladislav , Azarov Valeriy , Gorshkov Evgeny , Nikolenko Maksim
Published: October 2019

Examined the classification of dust from different storage facilities. Were considered different samples of dust (construction, textile, food), generated in storage facilities. Studied the influence of anti-dust coverage on dustiness of storage facilities as the pollution source. This paper presents the results of chemical analysis, studied dustiness, determined classification of studied dust. Constructed integral distribution curves of mass particles by equivalent diameter.
Application of the neural modelling method for the Solar radiation analysis in a number of cities in the Russian Federation for the solution of environmental problems
Authors: Haritonova Larisa
Published: October 2019

The paper gives the assessment of using the methods of data mining including the artificial neural networks (ANN) in researching solar radiation for various regions of the Russian Federation, in particular, such cities as: Astrakhan (latitude of 46.4) and Sochi (at the latitude 43.6) -located in the south, in Vladivostok (latitude 43.1), Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (latitude of 47) - in the south-east of the country, PetropavlovskKamchatsky (latitude of 53.3) — in the east, Petrozavodsk (latitude of 61) -in the south-west, and in the Russian capital - Moscow (latitude of 55.7). A neural network model has been developed, the most significant 15 input variables have been determined, as well as hidden layers numberand the number of neurons. The most optimum functions were chosen, including the Bayesian Regularization as the training functions, the function of gradient descent with regard for moments as the Learning Function, the hyperbolic tangent activation function was taken as an activation function and the Mean Square Error was taken as an execution function. The feedforward backprop function was ap lied. The equations of regression and the correlation parameters were obtained for the calculation of solar radiation.The presented work can be useful for developers of different types of electric and solar heating systems to determine the requiered parameters for solar radiation with regard to the large bulk of meteorological and geographic data for improving the environmental situation including in civil engineering and municipal economy.
Efficiency of wet mechanoactivation of granite using different milling units
Authors: Cherevatova Alla , Kozhukhova Natalia , Zhernovskaya Irina , Osadchaya Mayya , Klepak Igor , Kozhukhova Marina
Published: October 2019

The opportunity of granite-based aluminosilicate nanostructured binders (NB) with polycondencation-polymerization consolidation mechanism using the different types of milling units. The comparative analysis of mechanoactivation performance of used milling units was studied. It was determined that the mosteffective milling unit for synthesis of granite-based NB is ball mill, providing the maxal concentration of nano- and microsized particles and, therefore, the highest reactivity and binding characteristics.
Application of the erosion algorithm in modeling of structures behavior under impulse loads
Authors: Radchenko Pavel , Batuev Stanislav , Radchenko Andrey
Published: October 2019

The paper presents results of applying approach to simulation of contact surfaces fracture under high velocity interaction of solid bodies. The algorithm of erosion -the algorithm of elements removing, of new surface building and of mass distribution after elements fracture at contact boundaries is consider. The results of coordinated experimental and numerical studies of fracture of materials under impact are given. Authors own finite element computer software program EFES, allowing to simulate a three-dimensional setting behavior of complex structures under dynamic loads, has been used for the calculations.
Investigation of the defects effect on energy absorption by the system under cyclic loadings
Authors: Golovnev Igor , Golovneva Elena , Fomin Vasily
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the comparison of the energy absorption by perfect and amorphized nanorods under the cyclic loading. The calculations have been carried out with the molecular dynamic modeling. The cyclic loading is modeled by a periodical shift of a movable clamp along the X axis. The calculations are performed for the maximal clamp shift in respect to the equilibrium state, which corresponds to the relative deformation (equal to 0.3%). Frequencies varied from 0.085 THz to 10 THz. It has been discovered that both the dramatic growth of the maximal dispersion of atomic planes, and the dramatic growth of amplification of the maximal dispersion of atomic planes can be used as an index of the irreversible transformation of the crystal structure in the physical system differing from the perfect nanosized crystal. General behavior of the studied systems more depends on cyclic loading parameters than on the object crystal structure. Under the cyclic loading modeled with the aid of the periodical shift of the movable clamp, the frequency makes the critical impact on the results.
Mathematical modeling of transformable space structure dynamics
Authors: Zimin Vladimir , Krylov Alexey , Churilin Sergey , Zhang Zikun
Published: October 2019

Today large space structures are in focus of attention of engineers and designers of rocket and space equipment. In ground-based experiments, it is not always possible to carry out complex tests of large space structure functionality. Therefore, the development of mathematical models describing properly the transformable structure dynamics when they opened from the densely packed transport state to the operating position in the orbit becomes very important. To determine the stress-strain state of the frame elements when it is unfolding the shape of the framework is taken at the moments when relative velocities of the adjacent sections are maximal. Supposed, that at these moments the frame elements are getting on the stops limiting their relative angular displacements, and the structure behaves as an elastic rod with specified characteristics. Numerical analysis of the stress-strain state in the framework is carried out by means of a finite element model. Therefore, the represented mathematical model can be effectively used to predict the functional suitability of such transformable space structures already on the early stages of their development.
Numerical and experimental studies of bent elements of basalt fiber reinforced concrete with prestressed glass composite reinforcement under static and short-term dynamic loads
Authors: Plevkov Vasilii , Kudyakov Konstantin
Published: October 2019

The article shows studies of bending basalt fiber reinforced concrete elements with pre-stressed glass composite reinforcement under static and short-term dynamic effects. Main results of numerical and experimental studies are presented. It is experimentally established and theoretically confirmed that a significant increase in the strength and crack resistance of the normal sections of concrete bent elements is observed when using basalt fiber reinforcement and pre-stressed glass composite reinforcement.
Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of additive manufactured Ti–6Al–4V parts under tension
Authors: Panin Alexey , Kazachenok Marina , Kolmakov Alexey , Chizhik Sergey , Heifetz Mikhail , Chugui Yuri
Published: October 2019

Metal-based additive manufacturing technologies using electron or laser beams as a heat source for melting a metal powder or wire have been the subject of keen interest in recent years. At present paper a comparative analysis of the microstructure, strain response during tensile test and mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–4V samples produced by selective laser melting, electron beam melting or electron beam free-form fabrication were performed. A microstructural study using transmission electron microscopy revealed columnar prior β grains transformed into a lamellar α-morphology in the samples. According to X-ray diffraction study, the volume fractions of the β-Ti phase in the samples were equal to 2, 4 and 6 % respectively. It has been shown that the Vickers microhardness of SLM and EBM Ti–6Al–4V samples was similar (~5.4 GPa) while the hardness of EBF3 parts was significantly lower (4.5 GPa). The uniaxial stress-strain response of the Ti–6Al–4V samples fabricated by different additive manufacturing technologies were compared. Crystallographic (dislocation motion) and non-crystallographic (shear banding) deformation mechanisms of the loaded samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy and optical profilometry.
A probabilistic approach to modeling collisions with thin barriers
Authors: Pashkov Sergey
Published: October 2019

In many fracture problems, fragmentation is essentially a probabilistic process, which is determined by the stochastic nature of the distribution of inhomogeneities of the internal structure of material. The probabilistic approach is described, which allows us to model structural heterogeneities of the material in a simple form, practically without any complication of the model and additional experiments. Using experimental data and numerical simulation results, it is shown that the introduction of only one additional parameter (dispersion of the strength properties distribution) into the material model makes it possible to give a probabilistic character to the crack formation process at any scale level, which corresponds to theoretical concepts and experimental data. Distribution of materials strength characteristics (according to the selected distribution law) in the cells of the computational domain is used for initial heterogeneities and materials structure defects modeling. It is shown that the number and size of the “petals” at the penetration of thin barriers depend of the speed of the projectile and the strength characteristics of the barrier.
Complex bend of multilayered concrete rods
Authors: Nemirovskii Yuri , Tikhonov Sergey
Published: October 2019

The problem of complex bend of multilayered rods based on concrete is considered. It is assumed that the rod of constant cross-section is of arbitrary shape and diﬀerent brands of concrete are used in the cross-section of the rod layer by layer. The solution is sought by the small parameter method. The case of a complex bend of the rod pinched at both ends is considered as an example of this solution method. The distribution of bending moments and longitudinal forces in the zero and first approximations is determined.
Analysis of spatial state of multistory building with ceiling without beams
Authors: Turovsky Sergey , Pakhmurin Oleg
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we discuss a spatial work of construction structures under an influence of pulsating wind loads. There are examples of deformations those arise from incorrect arrangement of rigid structures. We consider the forms of oscillation of a frame building and show the result of their incorrect sequence. There are calculations in software and computer complex and their results are shown in the form of isofields of internal stress of enclosing structures. The results of calculations are compared with real deformations of structures. The work of a structure is considered on the example of an existing building.
Effect of selenium foliar application on oil yield, fatty acid composition and glucosinolate content of rapeseed cultivars under late-season thermal stress
Authors: Davoudi Abdoreza , Mirshekari Bahram , Shirani-Rad Amirhosein , Farahvash Farhad , Rashidi Varahram
Published: October 2019

To determine the possible protective and enhancer role of selenium foliar application on oil yield, fatty acid composition and glucosinolate content of rapeseed cultivars under late-season thermal stress, a factorial split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Karaj, Iran during the two growing seasons 2014–2015 and 2015–2016. Three sowing dates (Oct. 7 as normal planting date), (Oct. 17 as semi-late planting date), (Oct. 27 as late planting date) and two selenium foliar application (non-application as control and sodium selenate as foliar application) were factorially randomized to main plots, and rapeseed cultivars were allocated to sub-plots. Plant materials were six cultivars including three hybrids and three Iranian open pollinated varieties. Late-season thermal stress caused by late planting date reduced oil yield, oil content, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and increased linolenic acid, erucic acid and glucosinolate content of investigated cultivars. The results of this study demonstrated that the highest amount of oil yield, oil content, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and the lowest amount of erucic acid and glucosinolate content were observed in L72 cultivar in both control and selenium application treatments. This study provided new important findings about the supportive and enhancer role of selenium in the form of sodium selenate on quantity and quality of oil in rapeseed plant.
A multivariate data approach for FTIR-ATR monitoring of virgin olive oils: Lipid structure during autoxidation
Authors: Üçüncüoğlu Didar , Küçük Vedat Arda
Published: October 2019

In this study, fresh and 12 month stored virgin olive oils (VOOs) were monitored with Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) as a quick, non-destructive and no chemical used method. Principal component analysis (PCA) chemometric procedure was used to discriminate those in terms of diversity parameters (cultivar and growing area of olives) and detect possible chemical differences on lipid structure at the end of storage time. In this way, analyses were carried on at the beginning of the storage time and were repeated at the end of the storage time. 1488–924 cm−1 band gave the best (PC1: 98%) discrimination at the beginning of storage. It was also observed that symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydroperoxides (3008, 2924, 1745 cm−1) were found to be more intense at the end of the storage time. Moreover, 3080–2790 cm−1 band gave the best (PC1: 96%) discrimination after 12 month expiry. In conclusion, FTIR spectroscopy was demonstrated to be a rapid tool with chemometric evaluation for accurate discrimination of olive oils based on cultivar and geographic origin.
An adaptive multiclass nearest neighbor classifier
Authors: Puchkin Nikita , Spokoiny Vladimir
Published: October 2019

We consider a problem of multiclass classification, where the training sampleS_n={(Xi,Yi)}ni=1is generated from the model ℙ(Y=m|X=x) =ηm(x), 1 ≤m≤M, andη1(x), …,ηM(x) are unknownα-Holder continuous functions. Given a test pointX, our goal is to predict its label. A widely used k-nearest-neighbors classifier constructs estimates ofη1(X), …,ηM(X) and uses a plug-in rule for the prediction. However, it requires a proper choice of the smoothing parameter k, which may become tricky in some situations. We fix several integersn1, …,nK, compute correspondingnk-nearest-neighbor estimates for eachmand eachnkand apply an aggregation procedure. We study an algorithm, which constructs a convex combination of these estimates such that the aggregated estimate behaves approximately as well as an oracle choice. We also provide a non-asymptotic analysis of the procedure, prove its adaptation to the unknown smoothness parameterαand to the margin and establish rates of convergence under mild assumptions.
Umfassende Beratung essenziell
Authors: Lorenz Corinna
Published: October 2019

Die Insulinpumpentherapie (CSII; continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion) wird in Deutschland schätzungsweise von mehr als 60 000 Patienten (Stand 2014) 1 durchgeführt. Von den ca. 312 000 2 erwachsenen Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes, die in Deutschland leben, entspricht dies einem Anteil von etwa 19–20 %. Somit stellt diese Therapieform im Praxisalltag eine nicht alltägliche Sonderform zur Behandlung von vorwiegend Typ-1-Diabetes dar.
Querschnittlähmung mit neurogener Harnblasenfunktionsstörung als möglicher Risikofaktor für Harnblasenkarzinome
Authors: Böthig Ralf , Fiebag Kai , Kowald Birgitt , Hirschfeld Sven , Thietje Roland , Kurze Ines , Schöps Wolfgang , Böhme Holger , Kaufmann Albert , Zellner Michael , Kadhum Thura , Golka Klaus
Published: October 2019

Fragestellung Die Lebenserwartung für Menschen mit Querschnittlähmung (spinal cord injury/disease; SCI/D) steigt infolge der Fortschritte der paraplegiologischen und neuro-urologischen Behandlungsmethoden. Somit gewinnt jedoch das Risiko, an Harnblasenkrebs zu erkranken, an Bedeutung.

Methodik Retrospektive Single-Center-Auswertung von konsekutiven Patientendaten mit SCI/D und nachgewiesenem Harnblasenkarzinom.

Ergebnis Vom 1. Januar 1998 bis 31. März 2017 wurde bei 32 (3 weiblich, 29 männlich) von insgesamt 6432 Patienten mit SCI/D ein Harnblasenkarzinom diagnostiziert. Das Durchschnittsalter bei der Blasenkrebsdiagnose lag mit 54,5 Jahren deutlich unter dem für Blasenkrebsfälle in der Allgemeinbevölkerung (männlich: 74, weiblich: 75 Jahre). 27 Patienten litten an einer urodynamisch bestätigten neurogenen Detrusor-Überaktivität, während 5 Patienten (alle männlich) eine neurogene Akontraktilität des Detrusors aufwiesen.

Die mediane Latenzzeit zwischen dem Einsetzen der SCI/D und der Tumordiagnose betrug 29,5 Jahre. Temporäre Dauerkatheterisierungen wurden bei lediglich 4 Patienten für insgesamt nur 1,61 % der Latenzzeit aller Patienten gefunden.

Die Mehrzahl der Patienten (n = 27) wies ein Urothelzellkarzinom auf, 5 Patienten hatten ein Plattenepithelkarzinom. 25 Patienten (78 %) hatten zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose bereits einen muskelinvasiven Tumor ≥ T2. 23 Patienten zeigten ein histologisch schlecht differenziertes G3-Karzinom, 2 Patienten hatten jeweils einen G2- und G1-Tumor (keine Angaben bei 5 Patienten).

Das mediane Überleben für alle Patienten betrug 11,5 Monate. Die Prognose der Patienten mit Plattenepithelkarzinom war signifikant noch schlechter, 4 von 5 starben innerhalb von 7 Monaten (median 4 Monate).

Schlussfolgerung Das jüngere Alter bei Beginn der Tumorerkrankung und die Häufigkeit invasiver, schlecht differenzierter Tumoren bei der Diagnose weisen darauf hin, dass das Vorliegen einer SCI/D sowohl Risiko als auch Prognose der Blasentumorerkrankung signifikant beeinflusst. Die Latenzzeit zwischen Lähmungseintritt und Tumorerkrankung scheint ein maßgeblicher Risikoparameter zu sein.

Die Art der neurogenen Blasenfunktionsstörung und des Blasen-Managements scheinen dagegen das Risiko nicht zu beeinflussen. Langzeit-Dauerableitungen der Harnblase spielten bei den untersuchten Patienten nur eine untergeordnete Rolle.

Die Früherkennung von Blasenkrebs bei Patienten mit SCI/D bleibt eine Herausforderung.