bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urine Toxicology Screening Among Polytraumatic Patients in Tanta University Hospitals
Authors: Ali Hala Desouky , Ashour Radwa Muhammad , Kamel Mostafa Mamdouh , Mansour Hend Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Background: Polytrauma is a prevalent occurrence in emergency departments globally, often exacerbated by substance use, a significant factor contributing to accidents. Substance use compromises judgment, coordination, and reaction time, heightening the risk of accidents and injuries. This study aims to assess the clinical significance of urine toxicology screening in managing polytrauma patients. It evaluates the prevalence of drug use, explores the impact of positive screening results on patient outcomes, and informs treatment decisions. Methods: This study encompassed all polytrauma patients of both genders who were presented to the Emergency Department at Tanta University Hospital between June and November 2023. Patients underwent comprehensive evaluation, including trauma assessment, Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma patients’ examination, and urine toxicology screening. Results: The study included 100 polytrauma patients, with ages ranging from 16 to 72 years (mean ± SD: 34.65±14.75). Males constituted 79%, while females constituted 21% of the cohort. Urine toxicology screening yielded positive results in 41% of patients, with Morphine, Tramadol, Cannabinol, Benzodiazepines, and Barbiturates among the detected substances. Conclusion: Morphine was statistically significant, being higher in the Ejection from a vehicle group compared to other injury mechanisms. Barbiturates were significantly higher in the Crush injuries group. These findings highlight the importance of urine toxicology screening in identifying substance use patterns among polytrauma patients, facilitating tailored treatment approaches and injury prevention strategies.
Aplicação da Inteligência Artificial no âmbito das doenças psiquiátricas: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Silva Ana Clara Ramos , Mouro Maria Fernanda , Oliveira Jordão Ribeiro , Oliveira Saulo Henrique Dias , Faria Pedro Carvalho Campos , Castilho Leonardo Oliveira , Queiroz Luiz Felipe Elias de , Diniz Nicolly Alvez
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A Inteligência Artificial (IA), ferramenta que reproduz o pensamento humano e o armazenamento de informações, ganhou espaço no âmbito da saúde através de diagnósticos mais precisos e descoberta de tratamentos revolucionários, tanto em pacientes já diagnosticados quanto em quadros novos. Assim sendo, este estudo tem como objetivo principal evidenciar os benefícios da IA e sua relevância acadêmica, científica e social. Objetivo: Identificar as principais vantagens e desvantagens do uso da IA no âmbito das doenças psiquiátricas e seu impacto na medicina. Metodologia: Este estudo adota uma abordagem de revisão integrativa da literatura, visando uma análise reflexiva sobre a aplicação da IA na psiquiatria em uma busca de artigos nas plataformas Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico, publicados entre 2021 e 2024, em português e inglês. Resultado e discussão: Os resultados destacam aplicações da lA em doenças psiquiátricas, incluindo a utilização de algoritmos para prever o risco desses transtornos, com base em dados clínicos e biomarcadores. Além disso, está sendo empregada no desenvolvimento de terapias personalizadas pela interpretação de grandes conjuntos de dados genômicos e neuroimagem, permitindo a análise de imagens cerebrais e identificação de padrões associados a diferentes transtornos, alcançando diagnósticos mais precisos e melhor entendimento da fisiopatologia dessas doenças. Conclusão: O uso da IA em doenças psiquiátricas representa um avanço na prática clínica, oferecendo novas abordagens para o diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção dessas condições. No entanto, é crucial abordar questões de privacidade e segurança de dados para garantir que essas tecnologias sejam usadas de forma responsável.
Enhancing Student Outcomes through Big Data in Learning Management Systems: A Scoping Review
Authors: Zahra Shabab , Naeem Noor-i-Kiran
Published: January 2025

As digital learning platforms continue to grow at an unprecedented pace, big data technologies are becoming an integral part of Learning Management Systems (LMS). However, the impact of big data on improving LMS to achieve positive student outcomes remains uncertain, necessitating the need for a thorough review. The objective of this scoping review is to examine how big data technologies are applied within LMS and assess their impact on improving student outcomes, focusing on key themes such as predictive analytics, machine learning applications, and the optimization of learning paths. A systematic search was conducted across two databases, identifying ten peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2024. These studies were analyzed to explore the various methods and frameworks used in LMS that incorporate big data analytics. Studies were selected based on relevance to big data and its application in educational settings, particularly LMS. The findings demonstrate that big data significantly contributes to improving student outcomes by enabling predictive analytics for student performance, personalized learning through Educational Data Mining (EDM), and enhancing decision-making in educational management. The reviewed studies also highlight challenges, such as data privacy issues and infrastructure limitations. In conclusion, big data technologies hold substantial promise for transforming LMS and advancing personalized education. However, more research is needed to address challenges and optimize the use of big data for sustained improvements in educational outcomes.
Impact of Exercise on Pain Management in Fibromyalgia Patients
Authors: Istijab Bushra , Jehangir Fatima , Jalil Aysha , Shoaib Rashmina
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured exercise program on pain management, sleep quality, fatigue and overall daily functioning in women with fibromyalgia.
Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed, with 100 women with fibromyalgia diagnosed according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria. All of the participants undergone 12-week home-based exercise program. Pre and post-exercise program, sleep quality, pain status, fatigue and overall quality were evaluated.
Results: Total of 100 women were studied with mean age of 42.7 ± 5.8 years. More than half of participants were employed (55%). Before undergoing 12 weeks home based exercise program, mean score for sleep quality, pain, fatigue and overall quality of life was 6.8 ± 1.1, 7.6 ± 1.0, 7.4 ± 0.9 and 4.2 ±1.5 respectively. After 12 weeks of attending program there was significant reduction in average score of sleep quality (4.1 (1.3)), pain (5.4 (1.1), fatigue (4.9 (1.2) whereas increase was seen in mean score of overall quality of life (6.7 (1.4)).
Conclusion: The findings showed that a structured exercise program can improve pain relief, sleep quality, muscle strength, and functional ability in women with fibromyalgia and that such a program should be incorporated into routine care for the condition.
State-of-the-Art Security Measures for ADS-B Analyzing Current Protocols and Future Directions
Authors:   Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ahmed Waqas
Published: January 2025

ADS-B offers aircraft situational awareness and real-time tracking. Despite its operational advantages, its absence of built-in security measures leaves it open to injection, jamming, and spoofing assaults, endangering privacy and safety. This article examines the weaknesses present in ADS-B systems and evaluates the most recent security solutions, such as machine learning, cryptography, and physical-layer security. A comparative study highlights the advantages, disadvantages, and trade-offs of various strategies in terms of cost, latency, and scalability. New technologies like explainable AI, blockchain, and quantum cryptography are emphasized as possible ways to get beyond current protocol restrictions. The result calls for lightweight cryptographic protocols to be integrated with advanced anomaly detection models and regulatory collaboration to strengthen ADS-B.
ADS-B Communication in Modern Air Traffic Management: Threats, Risks and Security Solutions
Authors:   Air University, E-9, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ahmed Waqas
Published: January 2025

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is a key technology behind current air traffic management, providing unique safety, efficiency and situational awareness advantages. However, because of its open communication architecture, it is susceptible to various security vulnerabilities including spoofing, jamming and message injection. The integrity of the aviation ecosystem is being jeopardized by these threats and requires robust, scalable solutions. This article presents both the operational importance and the intrinsic risks of ADS-B. With this, it evaluates various existing security approaches including cryptographic methods, machine learning methods and physical-layer security to determine what vulnerability of security it can address well and which it cannot. First, it also determines the present obstacles, including compatibility with prior systems, substantial installation costs and policy restraints, that make it difficult to raise enhancements of security. The conclusion is then provided concerning future research directions, specifically, lightweight encryption, advanced anomaly detection and integration strategies to secure ADS-B communication. The solution to these issues is important to ensure the resilience and safety of global aviation.
Securing ADS-B Communication: A Survey of Cryptographic and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors:   Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ahmed Waqas
Published: January 2025

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is fundamental to modern aviation, providing real-time aircraft tracking and improving air traffic management. It is susceptible to threats such as spoofing, jamming, and eavesdropping, as well as threatening operational security and passenger privacy. Conversely, its open communication protocol renders it susceptible. We surveyed cryptographic and machine learning techniques to secure legacy ADS and showed their applicability to present and future UAV networks. Data integrity and authenticity are ensured through cryptographic methods, including encryption, lightweight, and hybrid techniques. Real-time threat mitigation can be addressed adaptively using machine learning techniques, such as anomaly detection and attack classification. These approaches are compared, emphasizing their strengths and weaknesses while asserting the necessity and feasibility of hybrid strategies. Future research should focus on scalable quantum-resistant cryptographical techniques, robust machine-learning models, and global standards for ADS-B security.
Nejstarší herbář sušených rostlin na území České republiky (1595)
Authors: Skružná Jarmila , Pokorná Adéla , Dobalová Sylva , Strnadová Lucie
Published: January 2025

The oldest herbarium in the Czech Republic (1595)

A forgotten Renaissance herbarium from 1595 was recently found in the Muzeum Broumovska, Broumov (Braunau), Czech Republic. It is the oldest hortus siccus known in collections in the Czech Republic. Its author was Johann Brehe from Überlingen, a son-in-law of a famous Renaissance creator of herbaria Hieronymus Harder of Ulm. The paper shows the connections of the Broumov Herbarium with the oldest herbaria, especially those from the circle of his father-in-law Hieronymus Harder. Furthermore, it analyses the possible ways, how the herbarium got to the Muzeum Broumovska in Broumov. The text also describes the form of the herbarium and its specifics. We also highlight the importance of Czech monasteries as sources of unique, unpublished documents dealing with both the natural and social sciences.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Perawat Terbaik Menggunakan Kombinasi Metode AHP-EDAS
Authors: Daeli Nur Helmi Damayanti
Published: January 2025

Pemilihan perawat terbaik merupakan aspek penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit. Namun, proses pemilihan yang melibatkan banyak kriteria seringkali menjadi tantangan tersendiri, karena memerlukan metode yang efektif dan objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) dalam pemilihan perawat terbaik di RS Murni Teguh menggunakan kombinasi metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS). Metode AHP digunakan untuk menentukan bobot dari setiap kriteria yang berpengaruh dalam penilaian, seperti kompetensi, sikap, pengalaman, dan tanggung jawab. Sementara itu, metode EDAS berperan dalam mengidentifikasi alternatif terbaik berdasarkan kedekatannya dengan solusi ideal. Sistem yang dirancang diharapkan mampu membantu pengambil keputusan dalam menyeleksi perawat terbaik secara lebih objektif, transparan, dan akurat. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi AHP-EDAS memberikan hasil yang konsisten dalam menilai dan memilih perawat terbaik sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan.
PENERAPAN PROGRAM AKSELARASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI MA PK AL AMIN KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Sukma Jayanti Nur Asti , Komalasari Imas , Abdussalam Aam
Published: January 2025

Peningkatan mutu pendidikan itu penting salah satunya dengan cara mengelola seluruh sumber daya pendidikan agar menghasilkan layanan pendidikan yang sesuai. Penyelenggaraan pendidikan sekarang ini lebih banyak bersifat klasikal massal yang berorientasi kepada kuantitas yang menyebabkan tidak terakomodasinya kebutuhan individual peserta didik di luar kelompok peserta didik normal. Pelaksanaan program akselarasi dapat menjadi salah satu usaha terakomodasinya kebutuhan peserta didik sesuai dengan potensi dan bakat yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan program akselarasi dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di MA PK Al-Amin Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data terdiri dari reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan program akselarasi di MA PK Al-Amin berjalan cukup optimal dan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan mutu pendidikan, yaitu: 1) program akselarasi di MA PK Al-Amin Kota Tasikmalaya berjalan cukup optimal melalui (a) identifikasi anak berbakat dengan tes tulis, tes lisan, dan wawancara, (b) penentuan strategi penanganan dengan program unggulan, (c) pengembangan program pendidikan dengan pemilihan jurusan dan perguruan tinggi, (d) layanan pendidikan melalui pendampingan lanjutan, (e) membangun dan mengembangkan sumber belajar dalam persiapan pembelajaran. (2) Mutu pendidikan dilaksanakan dengan 8 faktor penunjang, yakni (a) masukan (input, intake) tenaga pendidik maupun peserta didik, (b) kurikulum dengan sitem pembelajaran akselarasi, (c) tenaga pendidik/ guru yang berpotensi, (d) sarana dan prasarana yang lengkap, (e) dana yang memadai, (f) manajemen bersifat fleksibel dan realistis, (g) lingkungan yang mendukung, (h) proses belajar mengajar yang bermutu.
PENGARUH SPIRITUAL EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI DESA TOMPASO II
Authors: Kenjiro_umboh  , Rumagit Selvie , Aotama Felicia
Published: January 2025

kenjiro_umboh — PENGARUH SPIRITUAL EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI DESA TOMPASO II
Effect of Tax Literacy on Digital Income Tax Compliance among E-Commerce Traders in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Lusala Bonventure Alusiola , Ogaga Dr. Bruce , Tarus Dr. John K.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The global digital economy has created a disruptive market where goods and services are exchanged online without requiring a physical presence at the point of sale. This poses a challenge for many governments worldwide in terms of collecting appropriate tax revenues from these digital platforms. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tax literacy on digital income tax compliance among e-commerce traders in Nairobi, Kenya. The theory that guided this study was the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology.
Methods: Explanatory research design was used in this study. The target population was 130 e-commerce traders in Nairobi, Kenya and a census survey was applied. The survey had 110 responses, which thereby 84.6% response rate. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data and analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistics. Null hypothesis was tested at 95% confidence level, and consequently, a significance level of 0.05 using the multiple regression analysis.
Results: The findings reveal that tax literacy has a positive and significant effect on digital income tax compliance among e-commerce traders in Nairobi, Kenya (β=0.206, p-value=0.004).
Conclusion: The Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) should implement comprehensive education programs to increase tax literacy among e-commerce traders. These programs could focus on simplifying complex tax laws, providing practical guidance on compliance, and leveraging digital platforms for easy access to information. Future studies may examine the impact of psychological factors, such as taxpayer morale, on digital income tax compliance.
Realizing the full potential of the creative economy in Uzbekistan
Authors: Useinov Akhtem , Karimov Komiljon , Zakirov Bekzod
Published: January 2025

Developing an effective policy strategy and planning to support the creative economy requires a sound analysis of the systematic understanding of the creative economy's structure and value chain.
Currently, the creative industry accounts for 1.46 percent of the GDP in Uzbekistan. By 2030, the Government of Uzbekistan targets it for 5 percent. The creative industries can benefit from policies targeted at closing the skills gap through educational programs that meet the needs of digital demand. To support the digital transformation of the creative economy, Uzbekistan needs literacy programs on technology, technology subsidies and innovation incentives to be competitive in a dynamic market. Standardized classification of creative industries (national – international classifications) would provide more accurate in-formation about the sector.
EVALUASI FAKTOR TROUBLE ALAT YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKTIVITAS BONGKAR MUAT DI DERMAGA INTERNASIONAL PT PELINDO MULTI TERMINAL JAMRUD
Authors: Setiawan Yuda , Rahmawati Maulidiah , Ratnaningsih Dyah , Nugraha Bugi
Published: January 2025

Loading and Unloading Productivity is a value that states how resources should be managed and used in order to achieve something optimally. The occurrence of equipment problems that hamper the loading and unloading work, the equipment provider carries out more maintenance on the loading and unloading equipment to avoid a decrease in loading and unloading productivity at the port.
The research methods used by researchers are descriptive statistical research methods and Fishbone Analysis. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the occurrence of loading and unloading equipment trouble factors that affect loading and unloading productivity is a combination of method factors (inadequate schedule), materials (excessive use of equipment without a time lag), humans (lack of mechanical attention to the planned maintenance system). , and maintenance (lack of preventive maintenance and carried out only during trouble) which is not optimal is the main cause of problems with loading and unloading equipment and results in a decrease in loading and unloading productivity.
ANALISIS PENGARUH DIGITALISASI PEMBUATAN MASA LAYAR TERHADAP PELAYANAN KEPADA PENGGUNA JASA DI KANTOR KESYAHBANDARAN DAN OTORITAS PELABUHAN UTAMA TANJUNG PERAK SURABAYA
Authors: Rahmawati Rosalina , Sihaloho Otri Wani , Asdiana Femmy , Arisusanty Dian Junita
Published: January 2025

Pembuatan surat masa layar online mulai diterapkan Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Utama Tanjung Perak Surabaya sejak tahun 2018. Pengurusan online ini merupakan program yang digagas oleh Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Utama Tanjung Perak Surabaya untuk memperoleh penghargaan WBK (Wilayah Bebas Korupsi) dan ISO (International Organization for Standardization) yang diharapkan dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat pengurusan pembuatan surat keterangan masa layar. Sebelum pemberlakuan online, pengurusan manual dilakukan dengan cara mengambil nomor antrian serta membawa berkas yang telah ditentukan ke petugas untuk dicek. Proses tersebut memakan banyak waktu karena berkas yang diserahkan belum tentu benar dan harus kembali lagi untuk memberikan bekas yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi dan kendala dalam pembuatan masa layar online terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan kepada pengguna jasa di Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Utama Tanjung Perak Surabaya serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh digitalisasi pembuatan masa layar berupa web masa layar terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan kepada pengguna jasa di Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Utama Tanjung Perak Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 30 responden yaitu pengguna jasa (pelaut dan agen) yang mengurus pembuatan masa layar di Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Utama Tanjung Perak Surabaya. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier dengan model persamaannya Y= 13.183 + 0.374X + e. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi pembuatan masa layar memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pelayanan kepada pengguna jasa dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0.406 atau 40.6%. Pada uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung 2.338 > nilai t tabel 2.048 sehingga memiliki kesimpulan yaitu terdapat pengaruh digitalisasi pembuatan masa layar online (X) terhadap pelayanan kepada pengguna jasa (Y).
ANALISIS PENGARUH EFFECTIVE TIME TERHADAP BERTH OCCUPANCY RATIO DI WILAYAH TERSUS SEMEN INDONESIA GROUP TUBAN
Authors: Rahmawan Hidyan , Arisusanty Dian Junita , Wahyuni A.A Istri Sri , Beno Jose
Published: January 2025

Indonesia, sebagai negara kepulauan dengan lebih dari 17.500 pulau, memiliki wilayah perairan yang luas, sehingga transportasi laut menjadi sektor vital dalam mengintegrasikan barang dan jasa. Untuk mendukung peran tersebut, Indonesia harus memiliki infrastruktur transportasi laut seperti pelabuhan yang tangguh dan potensial agar dapat berfungsi secara optimal. Untuk memastikan keefektifan dan efisiensi operasional pelabuhan, indikator seperti Effective Time dan Berth Occupancy Ratio perlu diperhatikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Effective Time terhadap Berth Occupancy Ratio, serta persentase pengaruh Effective Time terhadap Berth Occupancy Ratio di Terminal Khusus Semen Indonesia Group Tuban. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Effective Time (X) tertinggi secara total berada di bulan Oktober 2022 sebesar 2039,7 jam, sedangkan Effective Time terendah secara total berada di bulan Mei 2023 sebesar 1161,6 jam. Effective Time rata-rata tertinggi berada di bulan September 2022 sebesar 38,75%, dan yang terendah di bulan November 2022 sebesar 33,08%. Berth Occupancy Ratio (Y) tertinggi dengan kategori per-dermaga berada di bulan Juli 2023 dengan rasio sebesar 99,11% di dermaga T3 (Timur Nomor 3), sedangkan yang terendah berada di bulan Januari, Maret, April, Mei, dan Juni 2023 dengan rasio sebesar 0% karena dermaga T2 (Timur Nomor 2) tidak melayani bongkar muat barang. Berth Occupancy Ratio rata-rata tertinggi dari total 7 dermaga berada di bulan November 2022 dengan rasio sebesar 60,92%, dan yang terendah di bulan Mei 2023 sebesar 34,11%. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan pengaruh sebesar 43,8% dengan nilai signifikansi 0,019 < 0,05 yang berarti Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Model regresi yang diperoleh adalah Y = 0,0219x + 14,233, menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara Effective Time terhadap Berth Occupancy Ratio
Rozporządzenie wykonawcze Komisji (UE) 2017/2177 z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług związanych z koleją – krok w kierunku zwiększenia konkurencyjności sektora transportu kolejowego?
Authors:   Departament Prawny Ministerstwa Infrastruktury, Kutyłowska Anna
Published: January 2025

Znaczenie zapewniania przedsiębiorstwom kolejowym dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej dla wprowadzenia mechanizmów konkurencyjnych na rynku transportu kolejowego było wskazywane podczas prac nad dyrektywą Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2012/34/UE z dnia 21 listopada 2012 r. w sprawie utworzenia jednolitego europejskiego obszaru kolejowego. Podkreślano wówczas, że brak udostępnienia obiektów infrastruktury usługowej nowym uczestnikom na niedyskryminacyjnych warunkach w wielu wypadkach prowadzi do uniemożliwienia im wejścia na rynek, pomimo zagwarantowania dostępu do infrastruktury kolejowej. Kontynuację powyższej tendencji stanowi przyjęcie rozporządzenia wykonawczego Komisji (UE) 2017/2177 z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług związanych z koleją. Jego celem jest umożliwienie wszystkim wnioskodawcom dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług świadczonych w tych obiektach w niedyskryminacyjny sposób, w szczególności poprzez zapewnienie przejrzystości warunków dostępu do obiektów tejże infrastruktury oraz informacji na temat opłat.Znaczenie zapewniania przedsiębiorstwom kolejowym dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej dla wprowadzenia mechanizmów konkurencyjnych na rynku transportu kolejowego było wskazywane podczas prac nad dyrektywą Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2012/34/UE z dnia 21 listopada 2012 r. w sprawie utworzenia jednolitego europejskiego obszaru kolejowego. Podkreślano wówczas, że brak udostępnienia obiektów infrastruktury usługowej nowym uczestnikom na niedyskryminacyjnych warunkach w wielu wypadkach prowadzi do uniemożliwienia im wejścia na rynek, pomimo zagwarantowania dostępu do infrastruktury kolejowej. Kontynuację powyższej tendencji stanowi przyjęcie rozporządzenia wykonawczego Komisji (UE) 2017/2177 z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług związanych z koleją. Jego celem jest umożliwienie wszystkim wnioskodawcom dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług świadczonych w tych obiektach w niedyskryminacyjny sposób, w szczególności poprzez zapewnienie przejrzystości warunków dostępu do obiektów tejże infrastruktury oraz informacji na temat opłat.
Drony – przyszłość lotnictwa i wyzwanie legislacyjne. Kilka uwag o nowych regulacjach unijnych dotyczących bezzałogowych statków powietrznych
Authors: Osiecki Mateusz
Published: January 2025

Dynamiczny rozwój lotnictwa cywilnego w ostatnich latach symbolizuje rosnąca popularność bezzałogowych statków powietrznych, popularnie zwanych dronami. Gwałtowny wzrost zainteresowania tymi maszynami, także wśród obywateli państw członkowskich UE stał się impulsem do wprowadzenia regulacji, które umożliwią bezpieczne ich projektowanie, produkcję, obsługę techniczną i wreszcie eksploatację na terytorium całej Wspólnoty. Po długich przygotowaniach i debatach, Parlament Europejski i Rada wreszcie przyjęły stosowny akt prawny w tej materii. Mowa tu o rozporządzeniu 2018/1139 z dnia 4 lipca 2018 r., które weszło w życie 11 września 2018 r. Artykuł niniejszy jest próbą oceny przedmiotowego rozporządzenia pod kątem realiów sektora rynku dronów. Przedstawiono w nim garść statystyk obrazujących wpływ segmentu bezzałogowych statków powietrznych na rozwój lotnictwa cywilnego, a także wyjaśniono, co w ogóle należy rozumieć przez pojęcie „dron”. Rdzeń tekstu stanowi omówienie nowo przyjętych przepisów o bezpieczeństwie lotniczym w UE wraz z krytycznymi uwagami o niedawno uchylonych przepisach.
Uwarunkowania konkurencji między taksówkami a Uberem
Authors:   Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Gospodarki Przestrzennej, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Beim Michał
Published: January 2025

Rozwój technologiczny prowadzi do zacierania się podziałów na tradycyjne formy transportu, stwarzając możliwości rozwoju nowych usług. Powstanie usług Uber jest jednym z przykładów wykorzystania dobrodziejstw technologii teleinformatycznych oraz wdrażania ekonomii współ-dzielenia. Przez opinię publiczną usługa ta została odebrana jako bezpośrednia konkurencja dla taksówek. Choć uwarunkowania prawne faworyzują taksówki w ruchu miejskim, to rozwiązania technologiczne pozwoliły na budowę przewagi konkurencyjnej Ubera. Uwarunkowania prawne, jeśli dany kraj nie zrównał Ubera z taksówkami, mogą być czynnikiem zwiększającym konkurencyjność taksówek, zwłaszcza zrzeszonych przy użyciu nowoczesnych aplikacji, jak MyTaxi, iTaxi czy częściowo Taxify. Niniejszy artykuł analizuje uwarunkowania prawne systemu taksówkowego w Polsce, wskazując na potencjalne punkty przewagi.
Comparative analysis of the election programs of the Liberal Democratic Party in the 2021 elections and L.E.Slutsky in the 2024 elections
Authors: Vnuk Vladimir Konstantinovich
Published: January 2025

The article provides a comparative analysis of the election program of the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia in the elections to the State Duma of the VIII convocation in 2021 and the election program of the candidate for President of the Russian Federation L.E.Slutsky in the elections of 2024. The methodological basis of the study is comparative analysis and quantitative content analysis. The analysis was carried out according to the following provisions of the program: public administration reform; actions to modernize the economy; steps to improve social policy; policy in the field of regulatory legal acts; a set of measures in the field of international relations. In addition, the article provides a content analysis of the terms most used in both programs. Russian Russian Federation's content analysis has shown that both the election program of LeonidE.Slutsky and the LDPR program have devoted significant attention to such issues as upholding the interests of the Russian people and other peoples of Russia; protecting the interests of the Russian world; the peaceful return of the territories of the former USSR to Russia; the centralization of the country, the enlargement of regions, and the transition from a federal model. transition of the state structure to a unitary one. Based on recent election campaigns, it is concluded that the party's popularity has been declining for several years, which calls into question the political prospects of the Liberal Democratic Party. Russian Russian Federation's content analysis has shown that both the election program of LeonidE.Slutsky and the LDPR program have devoted significant attention to such issues as upholding the interests of the Russian people and other peoples of Russia; protecting the interests of the Russian world; the peaceful return of the territories of the former USSR to Russia; the centralization of the country, the enlargement of regions, and the transition from a federal model. transition of the state structure to a unitary one. Based on recent election campaigns, it is concluded that the party's popularity has been declining for several years, which calls into question the political prospects of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Interdisciplinary team teaching: importance, experience, perspectives
Authors: Chabukiani Oksana Alekseevna , Parnyuk Nataliya Vital'evna
Published: January 2025

The object of the research is social relations, arising in the course of teaching between the faculty and the students in the process of team teaching. The subject of the study is the faculty’s activity in the choice of team-based interdisciplinary study of particular topics of disciplines, which makes to increase students’ learning motivation and self-training, influencing the development of professional competencies. The relevance of the study is the necessity of a thorough analysis of the available models of team teaching to offer suggestions to improve the educational process in terms of interdisciplinary study of particular aspects or topics that influence the formation of students’ professional competencies; to offer not only team projects, but also interdisciplinary professional simulation involving different educational establishments, which increases the faculty desire for quality training, enhanced by the competitive nature not only between fellow students, but also between educational establishments The main conclusions include the authors’ definition of team teaching interdisciplinary education, which means a purposeful process of organisation, encouragement and motivation of active learning and cognitive activity of a student through joint (project) work of several academic disciplines teachers, aimed at the development of professional competences and proving (evaluating) the importance or mastering skills of the future profession; expanding the list of available models of team teaching expanding the list of existing models of team teaching by adding a functional model (division of functions between teachers to achieve a specific goal) and a project model (in which interdisciplinary teams are created to carry out ad-hoc projects with specific goals and objectives). A promising area of team teaching development is the game learning approach, which allows project work between several educational establishments.
Selective excitation of localized acoustic skyrmion modes based on directional sound sources
Authors: ZHANG Xiaoyue , XU Huafeng , CHEN Wanna , ZHOU Nong , WU Hongwei ,   School of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China,   Center for Fundamental Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Published: January 2025

Acoustic skyrmion modes are topological texture structures of velocity field vectors generated on the surface of acoustic structures. This protected vector distribution provides new dimensions for processing advanced sound information, transmission, and data storage. In this study, a combined structure of waveguides and spiral structures is designed by using directional acoustic sources to excite waveguide mode transmission, thereby achieving selective excitation of localized acoustic skyrmion modes. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, the pressure field distribution and velocity field distribution excited by spin acoustic sources, Huygens acoustic sources, and Janus acoustic sources in this structure are investigated, demonstrating the directional transmission properties of acoustic surface waves and the selectively excited acoustic skyrmion modes in the combined structure. Numerical calculations reveal that when the spin acoustic source excites acoustic surface waves propagating along the waveguide, the acoustic skyrmion modes in the helical structure in the direction corresponding to the propagation are selectively excited. When the Huygens source excites acoustic surface waves propagating along the waveguide, the acoustic skyrmion modes in the right or left direction are selectively excited. However, when the Janus source excites acoustic surface waves propagating along the waveguide, the acoustic skyrmion modes in the upward or downward direction are selectively excited. This waveguide excitation method is a new means of exciting acoustic skyrmion modes, making the excitation of acoustic skyrmion modes more flexible. Moreover, this waveguide excitation method has significant potential applications in more complex and larger-scale acoustic systems. The research results may promote the understanding of the symmetry in acoustic near-field physics, open up new ways for manipulating particles by using sound waves, and also pave the way for designing advanced acoustic devices.
Identification of neurodevelopmental organization of the cell populations of juvenile Huntington’s disease using dorso-ventral HD organoids and HD mouse embryos
Authors: Świtońska-Kurkowska Karolina , Kubiś Jakub , Delimata-Raczek Joanna , Krist Bart , Surdyka Magda , Kalinowska-Pośka Żaneta , Piasecki Piotr , Handschuh Luiza , Podkowiński Jan , Rakoczy Magdalena , Samelak-Czajka Anna , Hayden Michael , Caron Nicholas S , Figiel Maciej
Published: January 2025

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a polyglutamine neurodegenerative disease involving pathogenesis within the striatum and cerebral cortex and a neurodevelopmental component, particularly in juvenile HD form (JOHD). We established a fused HD dorsal-ventral system, imitating the cortex and striatum interaction in a single organoid to discover neurodevelopmental impairments at the level of cell populations. We found a range of early pathogenic phenotypes indicating that brain development in HD is affected by impaired neurogenesis. The phenotypes occurred already in early-stage 60-day organoids and the brain of humanized mouse embryos, at time of the beginning of the neurogenesis and choroid plexus development. We demonstrated that HD organoids and HD mouse embryonic brains had gene expression profiles of impaired maturation of neurons and increased expression of genes responsible for proliferation compared to genes responsible for differentiation in control organoids. By using scRNA-seq, the choroid plexus population was highly abundant in HD organoids and embryonic brains. Cortical and choroid plexus cell populations in HD organoids and brains co-expressed genes responsible for
HTT
function (mitotic spindle and cilia). The impaired maturation and the increased occurrence of the choroid plexus populations were mitigated in our compensatory model, mosaic dorsal/ventral (D/V) or V/D HD/control organoids. Finally, we found that TTR protein, a choroid plexus marker, is elevated in the adult HD mouse serum, indicating that TTR may be a promising marker for detecting HD. In summary, the fused dorso-ventral HD organoids identify a spectrum of neurodevelopmental features, including increased proliferation and delayed cell maturation. We demonstrate that the choroid plexus population is characteristic of aberrant HD neurodevelopment, and contains TTR marker, which can be translated as a blood marker in HD.
The Human Mitochondrial Genome Encodes for an Interferon-Responsive Host Defense Peptide
Authors: Rice Michelle C , Imun Maria , Jung Sang Wun , Park Chan Yoon , Kim Jessica S , Lai Rochelle W , Barr Casey R , Son Jyung Mean , Tor Kathleen , Kim Emmeline , Lu Ryan J , Cohen Ilana , Benayoun Bérénice A , Lee Changhan
Published: January 2025

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can trigger immune responses and directly entrap pathogens, but it is not known to encode for active immune factors. The immune system is traditionally thought to be exclusively nuclear-encoded. Here, we report the identification of a mitochondrial-encoded host defense peptide (HDP) that presumably derives from the primordial proto-mitochondrial bacteria. We demonstrate that MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame from the twelve S rRNA type-c) is a mitochondrial-encoded amphipathic and cationic peptide with direct antibacterial and immunomodulatory functions, consistent with the peptide chemistry and functions of known HDPs. MOTS-c targeted
E. coli
and methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA), in part, by targeting their membranes using its hydrophobic and cationic domains. In monocytes, IFNγ, LPS, and differentiation signals each induced the expression of endogenous MOTS-c. Notably, MOTS-c translocated to the nucleus to regulate gene expression during monocyte differentiation and programmed them into macrophages with unique transcriptomic signatures related to antigen presentation and IFN signaling. MOTS-c-programmed macrophages exhibited enhanced bacterial clearance and shifted metabolism. Our findings support MOTS-c as a first-in-class mitochondrial-encoded HDP and indicates that our immune system is not only encoded by the nuclear genome, but also by the co-evolved mitochondrial genome.
Psychological stress disturbs bone metabolism via miR-335-3p/Fos signaling in osteoclast
Authors: Zhang Jiayao , Li Juan , Huang Jiehong , Xiang Xuerui , Li Ruoyu , Zhai Yun , Lin Shuxian , Liu Weicai
Published: January 2025

It has been well validated that chronic psychological stress leads to bone loss, but the underlying mechanism remains unclarified. In this study, we established and analyzed the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice to investigate the miRNA-related pathogenic mechanism involved in psychological stress-induced osteoporosis. Our result found that these CUMS mice exhibited osteoporosis phenotype that is mainly attributed to the abnormal activities of osteoclasts. Subsequently, miRNA sequencing and other analysis showed that miR-335-3p, which is normally highly expressed in the brain, was significantly downregulated in the nucleus ambiguous, serum, and bone of the CUMS mice. Additionally, in vitro studies detected that miR-335-3p is important for osteoclast differentiation, with its direct targeting site in Fos. Further studies demonstrated FOS was upregulated in CUMS osteoclast, and the inhibition of FOS suppressed the accelerated osteoclastic differentiation, as well as the expression of osteoclastic genes, such as Nfatc1, Acp5, and Mmp9, in miR-335-3p-restrained osteoclasts. In conclusion, this work indicated that psychological stress may downregulate the miR-335-3p expression, which resulted in the accumulation of FOS and the upregulation of NFACT1 signaling pathway in osteoclasts, leading to its accelerated differentiation and abnormal activity. These results decipher a previously unrecognized paradigm that miRNA can act as a link between psychological stress and bone metabolism.
Algunos Modelos de Investigación y las Teorías sobre los Trastornos del Aprendizaje de la Lectura
Authors: Bravo Luis
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se presentan los principales modelos de investigación sobre los trastornos del aprendizaje (T. del A.) de la lectura y las dislexias: el clínico, el psicométrico, el experimental y el psicopedagógico, y se relacionan con los diferentes enfoques teóricos explicativos de los T. del A. Ellos constituyen un excelente ejemplo donde la convergencia de diferentes enfoques científicos ha determinado la construcción de distintas teorías sobre su origen y su incidencia educacional
Aplicação da teoria dos jogos na otimização de processos para redução do tempo construtivo de habitações populares
Authors: Souza Silvia Cristina Matos de , Alencar David Barbosa de , Santos Eliton Smith dos , Campos Paola Souto , Moraes Nadime Mustafa , Souza Amós Ribeiro de
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho propõe a aplicação da Teoria dos Jogos para otimizar processos e reduzir o tempo de construção de habitações populares. Diante do crescente déficit habitacional e das condições precárias de moradia para a população de baixa renda, o estudo busca melhorar a colaboração e eficiência no setor construtivo. A metodologia envolveu a construção de um modelo teórico para o setor, focando na redução de impactos de atrasos e custos, além da racionalização das decisões no processo de construção. A pesquisa, de natureza descritiva e quantitativa, visa mostrar como a Teoria dos Jogos pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a tomada de decisões, contribuindo para a redução do tempo de construção através da cooperação entre os agentes envolvidos. O modelo desenvolvido sugere que a aplicação de incentivos pode transformar a competição em cooperação, resultando em uma redução significativa do tempo total de construção.
Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Detecting Myocardial Viability in Patients with Chronic Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Dey Subhosree , Dutta Parul , Dutta Bornali , Talukdar Baloy Jyoti , Agarwal Sushant , Baruah Dhiraj
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Myocardial viability refers to a phenomenon in which dysfunctional myocardium, due to acute or chronic ischaemia, retains the potential to recover its systolic function after revascularisation. The assessment of myocardial viability using Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CEMRI) has become a quintessential imaging method for the guidance of treatment in patients with Myocardial Infarction (MI).

Aim: To assess cardiac morphology, function, perfusion and myocardial viability in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease, and to stratify patients into conservative and operative management based on the myocardial viability.

Materials and Methods: The present hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India, from April 2021 to October 2022. A total of 50 patients with a prior history of MI and abnormal findings on electrocardiography and echocardiography were subjected to cardiac MRI (3 Tesla). Functional parameters like wall motion and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) were evaluated along with perfusion scan. On Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) scan, patients were classified into two categories: ≤50% LGE (viable) and >50% LGE (non viable). The quantitative values like age and LVEF were summarised as mean and Standard Deviation (SD) based on the distribution of data. A Pearson’s correlation test was done to check the correlation between various parameters. A p-value (using Chi-square test) of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean age was 52±14 years. A total of 27 (54%) patients were males and 23 (46%) patients were females. Out of 50 patients, 17 showed an LGE score ≤50%, while 33 showed an LGE score >50%. The segments showing >50% LGE showed more severe wall motion abnormalities than those with ≤50% LGE (p-value <0.005). There was positive correlation between perfusion defect and LGE (Pearson’s correlation 0.951). Out of 17 patients in LGE ≤50% group, 15 (88.2%) patients had clinical improvement, whereas out of 33 patients in the LGE >50% group, only 2 (6.10%) patients had clinical improvement following coronary revascularisation.

Conclusion: Delayed Enhanced-Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (DE-CMR) imaging assesses severity of the infarcted myocardium and helps in predicting recovery following intervention.
Social media marketing in Facebook fanpages: A study of Starbucks and McDonald’s
Authors: Chang Wen-Jung
Published: January 2025

Social media is an emerging Internet-based channel for marketing to customers. One of the most well-liked marketing tools among them is Facebook (FB). Few studies focus on FMCG brands like McDonald's and Starbucks, even though we spend most of our time on Facebook. Based on 806 valid samples from McDonald's and Starbucks fanpage users, this study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships among interactivity (INT), engagement (ENG), trust (TRT), and post-purchase behavior. The findings showed that INT and ENG would both have a direct impact on TRT, influencing brand loyalty (BL), with ENG having a smaller effect than INT. Furthermore, BL impacts purchase intention (PI) through word-of-mouth (WOM). In the context of social media marketing, both INT and ENG positively affect BL via TRT, with INT outpacing ENG on TRT.