bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variations of Anterior Skull Base Seen on Computed Tomography Scans of the Paranasal Sinuses
Authors: Shenoy Salonee , Patil Prashant H. , Ankle Nitin R. , Jadhav Ajinkya V.
Published: October 2024

Context:

The anterior skull base (ASB) and the paranasal sinuses are known for anatomical variations. Therefore, a preoperative assessment for the assessment of these variations is a necessity. This study aims to determine the profile of variations of the ASB using computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses (CT-PNS) scans.

Settings and Design:

Observational Study.

Materials and Methods:

Forty CT-PNS scans were studied with measurement of different parameters.

Statistical Analysis:

Observational study analysis – Descriptive stats, t-tests, Chi-square, nonparametric tests, analysis of variance, regression, P < 0.05 significance level. A significance level of P < 0.05 was used for all tests.

Results:

Seventeen male and 23 female CT-PNS scans were studied. Different measurements on the right and left sides, as well as between genders, were examined and compared. The supraorbital ethmoidal cell is the most often seen anatomical variation. Variations in the ASB are equally visible on both sides in men and on the right in females (Type-II > Type-1). Type I was more common among female, whereas Type II was more common. The existence of the anterior ethmoidal foramen is a dependable marker for the anterior ethmoidal artery. In the group under investigation, there was no lamina papyracea abnormality.

Conclusion:

This study aims to assess anatomical variations in the Indian population undergoing ASB surgeries, contributing to the current understanding of Indian paranasal sinuses and skull base dynamics.
Enhancing IoT Security through an Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: Sanmorino Ahmad , Amirah  , Gustriansyah Rendra , Puspasari Shinta
Published: October 2024

This study aims to fortify Internet of Things (IoT) security through the strategic implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). With the rapid expansion of IoT devices, traditional security measures have struggled to cope with the dynamic and complex nature of these environments. ANNs, known for their adaptability, are explored as a promising solution to enhance security. The central objective is to significantly improve the accuracy of IoT security measures by optimizing ANN architectures. Using a curated dataset with key environmental parameters, the study evaluates three ANN models—Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The evaluation metrics include accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score across different train-test splits. Results show that LSTM consistently outperforms BPNN and MLP, demonstrating superior accuracy and the ability to capture temporal dependencies within IoT security data. Implications stress the importance of aligning model selection with specific application goals, considering factors like computational efficiency. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into the practical implementation of ANNs for IoT security, guiding future optimization efforts and addressing real-world deployment challenges to safeguard sensitive data and ensure system resilience in the evolving IoT landscape.
Global smooth axisymmetric solutions of the damped Boussinesq equations with zero thermal diffusion
Authors: Li Zhouyu , Du Guangwei , Yue Deze
Published: October 2024

In this paper we study the Cauchy problem for the three-dimensional damped Boussinesq system with zero thermal diffusion. We show that the solution of this system with

1\leq\beta\leq\frac{7}{3}

is globally well posed if the initial data is axisymmetric without swirl.
The Lamella Ostium Extent Mucosa (LOEM) system: a new classification for endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Sanchez-Gomez S , Moreno-Luna R , Martin-Jimenez D , Maza-Solano J , del Cuvillo A , Villacampa-Auba J M , Gonzalez-Garcia J , Fernandez-Liesa R , Alobid I , Bernal-Sprekelsen M
Published: October 2024

In the last decades, various types of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) have emerged as treatments for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), particularly with the development of personalized, endotype-driven approaches targeting mucosal inflammation and remodeling (1). Despite these advancements, the literature reports heterogeneous and often divergent outcomes, leaving the actual benefit of more extensive surgical approaches in CRS control a matter of ongoing debate (2,3). This discrepancy stems from inconsistent definitions of surgical techniques, leading to variations in osseous and mucosal resections depending on patient phenotype, disease severity and surgeon preference (4). To address this inconsistency, the Japanese Rhinology Society introduced a classification based on procedure extent, but it lacks details on anatomical structures and mucosal treatment (5). Similarly, the ACCESS system measures ESS extent with postoperative CT-scans but overlooks mucosal interventions (6).
Efficacy of combined use of octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate in patients with cirrhosis complicated with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Hao Juanzhi , Zhang Peijuan , Fan Liqing , Jiang Shunshun
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To assess the prognosis of liver cirrhosis complicated with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) after treatment with octreotide in  combination with sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate.
Methods: A total of 164 patients with cirrhosis complicated with SAP were randomly  assigned to two groups, each with 82 patients. Serum levels of inflammatory factors, as well as vascular endothelial function and liver  function indices were determined. Treatment outcomes in the patients were recorded in terms of abdominal pain relief time,  gastrointestinal function recovery time, hospital stay duration, and incidence of complications.
Results: Relative to the control group,  there were decreases in concentrations of inflammatory indices in the study cohort. Endothelial function index levels increased in the two  groups, but the levels of endothelin (ET) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) decreased more in the study group of patients, when compared to the control group, while nitric oxide (NO) level was raised (p < 0.05). Liver function improved in both groups. There were  marked reductions in serum ALT, AST and total bilirubin (TBIL) in study cohort, relative to the control cohort (p < 0.05). However, albumin  (ALB) levels were comparable in the two groups. Abdominal pain relief time, duration of hospitalization and time taken for normal digestive system function were shorter in the study cohort (p < 005). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that  after treatment with octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate, values of area under the curve (AUC) for abdominal pain relief time,  gastrointestinal function recovery time and hospital stay were 0.886, 0.918 and 0.794, respectively.
Conclusion: The combined use  of octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate inhibits the release of inflammatory factors in cirrhotic patients with SAP, and  improves vascular endothelial and liver functions, thereby improving disease prognosis. These data constitute a good scientific basis for  the use of octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate in the treatment of liver cirrhosis complicated with SAP.
Efficacy of Qingying decoction and Wuling powder in the treatment of renal hematuria: A traditional Chinese medicine approach
Authors: Tao Rui , Yu Shuxiang , Lu You , Zhai Lan , Zhang Hongsheng , Yang Xiao
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of combining Qingying decoction with Wuling powder in the treatment of renal hematuria.
Method: Seventy-six patients diagnosed with renal hematuria in the Emergency General Hospital and Nanmofang Community Health  Service Center in Chaoyang District of Beijing, China were randomized equally into study and control groups. Control group received  standard Western treatment in addition to Shenyan Rehabilitation tablets while study group received a combination of Qingying  decoction and a modified Wuling powder alongside standard treatment for eight weeks. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated using  urinary red blood cell count (URBC), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), urinary β 2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and α 1-microglobulin  (α1-MG) levels, serum levels of complement components 3 (C3) and 4 (C4), immunoglobulin A (IgA), and Traditional Chinese Medicine  (TCM) syndrome scores.
Results: There was a significant difference in total therapeutic effectiveness between study and control groups  (p < 0.01). Study group showed significantly improved hematuria and total syndrome scores (p < 0.01). The study group showed  significantly lower URBC, UACR, β 2-MG, α 1-MG, IgA, and C3 levels compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Treatment with  Qingying decoction and Wuling powder demonstrates efficacy in managing renal hematuria, regulates urinary red blood cell counts,  reduces symptoms, and lowers early renal impairment. Future studies in multiple centers using larger number of patients to determine  the mechanisms of these drug actions and interactions and other related factors would be required.
Effect of anti-osteoporotic drugs in reducing risk of refracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty
Authors: Wang Fengyao , Wang Fengna , Sun Tianyu
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of anti-osteoporotic drugs in lowering risk of refracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty.   Methods: The study involved 80 patients who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty in The First Affiliated Hospital and College of  Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China between August 2020 and July 2022. The study group (n  = 40) received postoperative rehabilitation in addition to anti-osteoporotic drugs for 6 months), while the control group (n = 40) received  routine postoperative rehabilitation from the time of surgery completion to 3 months postoperative. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and  Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were compared before surgery, 3 days, 3 months, and 6 months postoperative. Changes in the  middle height of the vertebral body and bone density T-score of the surgical and adjacent vertebrae before and at end of follow-up, and  refracture rates were compared.Results: The study group showed significantly lower VAS and ODI scores at 3 and 6 months after surgery compared to control group (p <  0.05). Both groups showed significant increase in vertebral body height before surgery (p < 0.05), with no significant difference at last  follow-up (p > 0.05). Also, the study group showed significant increase in bone density in the surgical and adjacent vertebrae compared to  control group at last follow-up (p < 0.05). Refracture rate was significantly lower in study group than in the control group (p < 0.05).  Conclusion: Administering anti-osteoporotic drugs after percutaneous vertebroplasty significantly alleviates pain, improves vertebral  bone density, and reduces risk of refracture. However, a largesample, multicenter, randomized prospective study to validate these  findings is recommended.
Memory-enhancing activity of verapamil in murine models of stress
Authors: Eduviere Anthony T. , Otomewo Lily O. , Udi Onoriode A. , Opajobi Adefunke O. , Moke Emuesiri G.
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the benefit of verapamil on stress-induced memory impairment in mice.
Methods: Forty-eight (48) mice were used in this study. They were divided into two equal groups based on the two models of stress used  in this study (sleep deprivation and hypoxia). Each model was further divided into 4 groups of six animals each. The mice in the sleep  deprivation model were suspended on a platform above water while in the hypoxic model, mice were locked in an airless container for 20  min daily throughout the experiment. As for the intervention, 25 and 50 mg/kg verapamil were preadministered via the oral route to  study groups, except the normal control group and negative control group in both models. After seven-day stress and intervention, the  mice were subjected to behavioural tests (Y-maze and object recognition tests), biochemical assays (for acetylcholinesterase activity) and histochemical analysis.
Results: Stress caused a significant (p < 0.05) impairment in the consolidation and retrieval of working and  recognition memories. Also, acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced in the stressed groups when compared to  control groups. Similarly, the histological analysis revealed a significant decline in population (p < 0.05), distribution and density of viable  neurons in specific areas of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. These alterations were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated in verapamil-treated groups almost in a dose-dependent pattern.
Conclusion: Verapamil displays significant memory-enhancing effects in  two (2) murine models of stress. Antihypertensives should therefore be considered a viable prospect in the management of stress-related  memory disorders after additional studies have been done to establish the mechanisms of action.
The Role of Non-State Actors in the Linguistic Policy in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Tulum A. S.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the evolving role of non-state actors in the politics of language, using the postSoviet Republic of Moldova as a case study. Over the past half-century, the increasing influence  of non-state actors in global political systems has led to shifts not only in international relations but also in domestic policy areas such as language policy. Traditionally the exclusive domain of the state, language policy has become an arena of interaction between the state and various non-state actors, including political parties and non-governmental organizations. This interaction, termed the «politics of language,» extends beyond national borders, particularly in cases where a country's population is linked to kin states. In Moldova, the political landscape is divided between pro-Russian Moldovanists, who advocate for a distinct Moldovan identity and the use of “Moldovan” as the state language, and pro-Romanian Romanianists, who promote Romanian identity and language. The research identifies the key actors in Moldova's language politics and reveals that, during the country's independence, the politics of language has shifted from a conflict between the state and intellectual elites to a more complex set of relations between multiple actors, with Romanianists gaining influence. The role of the state has been significantly weakened, as evidenced by the Constitutional Court's reduced capacity to maintain constitutional stability, becoming instead a tool for non-state actors.
Implications of COVID-19 on Engineering Education
Authors: Tahir Rakan Faisal
Published: October 2024

This research looks towards the ways to provide high-quality engineering education during the COVID-19 era. A total of 118 people, including 30 faculty members and 88 students from engineering departments, took part in surveys and answered quantitative and qualitative questions on the difficulties they encountered while taking online classes at the faculty of engineering during the pandemic period. The research revealed that whereas semi-online asynchronous examinations were related to increased instructors' reported cheating, fully online or open-book/open-note exams were linked with a decrease in instructors' perceived cheating. The findings revealed several obstacles that have a detrimental impact on online engineering education, such as logistical/technical constraints, learning/teaching hurdles, privacy and security concerns, and a lack of appropriate hands-on training. The study's recommendations included implementing practical techniques for many similar institutions around the world, which would aid in the improvement of the learning outcomes of online educations in various engineering subfields. Current research encourages educators to provide more significant assistance with more effective planning and selection of best practices to improve the efficacy of online engineering education during COVID-19 and after the pandemic.
The Future of Retail Chains in the E-commerce Era in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhadi Ahmed H.
Published: October 2024

Retail has always been one of the biggest industries worldwide, with different kinds of products, because people buy in retail every day. Since Amazon started drawing the first outline of ecommerce, online shopping kept growing more and more, and many bigger retailers considered the competition of e-commerce versus the one of physical stores. Retailers are constantly monitoring the change of customers’ preferences in shopping to predict the behavior of upcoming generations, to know where and how the new competition will be. When COVID-19 hit in 2020, this rate of growth increased aggressively, especially in some products categories like food delivery, as online shopping was the only way to do shopping with all the movement restrictions at that time. The aims of this study are (1) to find out the frequency of buying online, (2) to know if COVID-19 influenced buying behaviors, (3) to forecast the market size of e-commerce in 2030. For data gathering required by the researcher, a questionnaire was prepared by himself as an effective tool. The questionnaire was distributed to the study sample through Google Drive to their emails. The social package SPSS was used for data analysis to obtain the results of this study. As results, the category with the highest buying frequency was food and the one with the lowest was automobile spare parts. Moreover, in all categories, Covid-19 had a significant effect on customers’ buying frequency online from lower to higher frequency rate. By analyzing the historical data, the predicted market size of Saudi would reach up to 45B SAR, which is around 10% of the market size. More improvements can be done to the categories with high buying frequency and many investments can be initiated to the low-buying frequency categories as it will also grow one day online.
A Fuzzy Logic Approach to Performance Evaluation of Genomics-Driven Crop Improvement
Authors: S Vadivazhagi. , B.V Harshini , B. S Sathishkumar
Published: October 2024

Genomics-driven crop improvement has emerged as a revolutionary approach to enhance yield, resilience, and nutritional value in agriculture. However, traditional performance evaluation methods often must catch up with agricultural systems' complex, multifaceted nature. This study proposes a fuzzy logic-based framework to assess the performance of genomics-driven crop improvement initiatives. By integrating fuzzy logic, we can effectively manage uncertainty and ambiguity inherent in agricultural data, allowing for a more nuanced evaluation of crop traits, environmental factors, and management practices. The paper begins by elucidating the fundamental principles of genomics-based agriculture and its impact on crop development. It then delves into the theoretical underpinnings of fuzzy logic and its applicability in modeling the multifaceted aspects of crop growth, encompassing genetic, environmental, and physiological factors. Through a synthesis of existing research and empirical data, the paper illustrates the effectiveness of fuzzy logic in capturing the nuances of crop development processes, including germination, flowering, and yield formation. This paper underscores the pivotal role of fuzzy logic analysis in advancing genomics-based agriculture, offering insights into the dynamic interactions shaping crop development and facilitating informed decision-making for sustainable and resilient food production systems in the face of evolving environmental challenges. Results indicate that the fuzzy logic approach enhances the accuracy of performance assessments and facilitates better decision-making in crop management.
An Ethnographic Study of Chinese Business Expatriates in Tanzania
Authors: Miao Chengcheng
Published: October 2024

This ethnographic study investigates the motivations and experiences of Chinese business expatriates in Tanzania, focusing on their life management, language proficiency, and engagement with petty corruption. Chinese expatriates’ motivation for expatriation is often pragmatic, prioritizing family-oriented well-being over individual well-being. Language proficiency is shown to mediate power dynamics and reduce information asymmetry, while petty corruption is a strategic investment to navigate bureaucracy and secure benefits, despite an imbalance in reciprocity. This study enhances our understanding of the cross-cultural experiences of Chinese expatriates in Tanzania and offers valuable insights for effective International Human Resource Management (IHRM) practices.
SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE ALTAI HIGHLANDS: THE CASE OF THREE RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors:   Altai State University/Institute of Humanities, Department of Social and Youth Policy, Barnaul, Russia, Maximova Svetlana G. , Omelchenko Daria A. ,   Altai State University/Institute of Humanities, Department of Social and Youth Policy, Barnaul, Russia, Scheglova Daria K. ,   Altai State University/Institute of Humanities, Department of Social and Youth Policy, Barnaul, Russia
Published: October 2024

Analysis of existing studies shows that insufficient attention has been paid to the relationship between security and climate change in mountain areas of Russia, where climatic processes are very intense. In particular, in the Altai mountains, an important center of glacier melting with diverse landscapes, the climate changes already caused not only reduction of ice‐sheet, but also provoked transformations of land use and conditions of life of rural population living in highlands. The sociological research, accompanying geological and glaciological study and including face‐to‐face structured (n = 912) and semi‐structured (n = 72) interview with population and experts (n = 163) was conducted in 2022–2023 in three highland areas of the Altai mountains (the Republic of Altai, the Republic of Tyva and the Altai krai). The main focus of the study was to evaluate subjective perceptions of climate change along with repertory of security indicators on the base of mixed qualitative and quantitative design. It was found that all mountain regions were perceived as epicenters of climatic threats, but possessed a specialization, determined by peculiarities of landscape and typical land and nature use. Over half of inhabitants assessed living near melting glaciers as dangerous, and were affected by the changes in traditional economic activities, constituting important part of family income. The national republics had similar risk perception profiles, with a significant share of seismic, thermal and hydrological factors, whereas the Altai krai foothills were characterized by the predominance of risks associated with changes in precipitation regime, floods and snow level. The anxiety of people was often related to difficulties of farming (livestock deaths, lack of fodder), economic and social uncertainty.
DYNAMICS OF MOTORIZATION AND FACTORS OF LOCAL TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE RUSSIAN VEHICLE FLEET: THE CASE STUDY OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Prusikhin Oleg E. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Institute of Applied Economic Studies, Center for Spatial Analysis and Regional Diagnostics, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2024

Road transport is one of the largest sources of atmospheric pollution. In recent years, there has been an increase in the passenger car fleet in Russia, while Moscow is one of the motorization leaders. Data from the Federal Tax Service of Russia were used to analyze the local distribution of the fleet. As of 2023 the new settlements of Moscow (territories integrated in 2012 in the south–west with an area of 1,480 km2) are distinguished by the highest levels of motorization for all land vehicles. This is due to the population living in the suburban area, as well as the relatively weak development of public transport. Among the districts of Moscow in previous period (until 2012), the center and adjacent districts of the capital were distinguished by the level of motorization. According to the number of trucks, the central districts of Moscow differ, which is due to the accumulation of places of registration of legal entities (including branches of SUE Mosgortrans and other carriers). Thus, the distribution of the fleet on the territory of Moscow depends on the following factors: the population and its income, the degree of development of public transport (for passenger vehicles), registration of legal entities, owners of cars, and the distribution of transportation infrastructure.
THE HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF RUSSIA AND THE MISSION OF GEOGRAPHY
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Department of Environmental Management, Moscow, Russia, Mazurov Yuri
Published: October 2024

The report examines the phenomenon of Russia’s historical heritage as a factor in maintaining authenticity and ensuring the successful development of the country. The heritage concept refers to particularly valuable objects and environmental phenomena that reflect the history of nature and society and their natural and cultural diversity. Heritage is the most intimate area of human existence. They turn to their spiritual heritage in the most difficult and tragic moments of their history. This was the case in Russia during the “time of troubles” at the beginning of the 17th century, during the Napoleonic invasion of 1812, and during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. The people of Russia associate the recovery from the crisis of the post-Soviet period with the legacy of their great past. However, recently, there have been increasingly frequent disruptions in the manifestation of the desire of countries and peoples to preserve their heritage—this, in a way, is the instinct for self-preservation of man as a species. Threats to heritage exist in open and hidden forms, and the number and severity of their manifestations are constantly and almost everywhere increasing. At the same time, the spiritual traditions of the people of Russia do not allow us to come to terms with the inevitability of threats. They force us to counter this dangerous process with persistent, creative work to save the heritage and ensure its reliable future. A significant part of this work and the ever-increasing responsibility for preserving heritage falls on geography—the science of the spatial organization of social life, unthinkable in our time without heritage. The mission of geography is, first of all, to disseminate, through this science, the ideology of heritage as an indispensable factor in sustainable development. Heritage as a geographical phenomenon is fully inherent in Russia, which is characterized by its own special forms of organizing natural and cultural heritage, as well as its study and management. This paper describes these forms, identifies current problems in heritage management, and discusses approaches to solving them.
SPATIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE FORMATION OF LOCAL INITIATIVES FOR THE PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN RURAL AREAS AND SMALL TOWNS OF THE KALININGRAD REGION
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Krutov Oleg D. , Grelya Natalia K. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2024

Kaliningrad region is a unique region of the Russian Federation. For Russians, it is mainly known as the “gateway to Europe,” and for Europeans, the territory of former Eastern Prussia is the most culturally close part of Russia. Nowadays, the region’s rural eastern municipalities face typical challenges in the central part of Russia’s processes, such as depopulation, decaying infrastructure, and job losses. This part of the region also suffered from becoming a borderland after 1991. Nevertheless, these territories have a diverse architectural heritage of the German period, which can be a resource for economic development, but this heritage has been actively destroyed in recent decades. Modern studies show that emerging tourist destinations can boost peripheral rural areas. And cultural heritage plays a key role in it. In the Kaliningrad region, Russians’ complex relationship with the “alien” German heritage became more complicated because of the use of historical buildings. However, the interest in such heritage has grown in recent years, and restoration projects have increased. New owners of restored sites now interact with nearby villages and towns, providing new income sources for residents. This research examines the territorial differentiation of heritage restoration and reuse. It is based on interviews carried out in five rural municipalities and the database from the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, supplemented by open sources. It analyzes spatial patterns, profiles local restoration actors, factors influencing differentiation (location, institutions, protected status of buildings), and similar features of successful practices in the field of functional use of historical buildings. Findings reveal the idea that restoration undergoes the following cycles: state participation rises during crises with the traditional forms of usage of historical buildings; during periods of economic growth, the diversity of residents and uses increases. Restoration geography depends mainly on the availability of financial support and training opportunities for potential residents, less on location (except peripheries). The presence of a protected status significantly reduces the attractiveness of the object’s further use. The most successful examples are the area communities of restoration actors. Interacting with each other and forming a common policy makes the territory more attractive. Their actions can also help to increase the tourist flow and stimulate the restoration of new buildings in neighboring territories.
ANTHROPOGEOGRAPHIC SCHOOL AND ETHNOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN SERBIA
Authors:   Institute of Ethnography SASA, Belgrade, Serbia, Radojičić Dragana
Published: October 2024

The paper intends to chronologically present the development path of ethnology as an educational and scientific discipline from the anthropogeographical school of Jovan Cvijić to the present day. There is a long list of all those who, from Dositej’s enlightenment, through Vuk’s romanticism and Cvijić’s school of anthropogeography, contributed to the development of ethnology in Serbia. It is undeniable, however, that with the appearance of Jovan Cvijić, ethnology became independent and gained its place in the scientific and educational system. The Cvijić’s anthropogeography school was shut down without the subsequent generations having produced an original approach: contemporary anthropology in Serbia is based on taking over the current world scientific models of anthropological schools from the West. Cvijić’s key role in branding ethnology as an educational and scientific discipline in Serbia—from the “science of the people“ to current anthropological directions is unquestionable. The term science of the people is a concise description of all the directions in which the researches of our early ethnologists, educated under the influence of Cvijić’s anthropogeographical school, as well as those of later researchers, whose traces of activity go back to after the Second World War. Cvijić’s school became known beyond the then borders of Yugoslavia. Naturally, understandings about the subject and goals of ethnology have changed, and the methods of scientific work have been improved. Today, anthropology is dominant, and the state of ethnological and anthropological science in Serbia can be monitored at least on three levels: education and institutions; scientific production—realization and presentation of scientific work; scientific configuration—diversity and directions of scientific approaches.
AN INNOVATIVE CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BASED ON THE UTILIZATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Lumapouw Harol Reflie , Rotty Viktory Nicodemus Joufree , Sumual Tinneke Evie Meggy
Published: October 2024

Educational institutions are faced with new challenges and opportunities in human resource management (HR). This research aims to develop an innovative conceptual model in HR management in educational institutions by utilizing digital technology. This model is expected to increase the effectiveness of the management of educators and education personnel by strengthening their digital capabilities and aiding their adaptation to the rapidly evolving digital landscape. The novelty of the research lies in the innovative approach that integrates digital technology in HR within educational institutions, creating a more dynamic, flexible, and collaborative work environment in the education sector, which is still rarely fully adopted. The research offers a novel approach by addressing the gap in the field of HR, where the integration of digital tools in HR is still underdeveloped. It provides a dynamic and flexible framework that can serve as a foundation for future HR strategies in education, contributing to the modernization and digital transformation of educational institutions.
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL (ISPO) CERTIFICATION AND THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) EXPORTS VOLUME
Authors: Hajar Rizqa Siti , Yun Byung-Wook , Hwang Hwa-Seok
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) certification on Indonesian Crude Palm Oil exports and other factors, such as commodity production and prices, exchange rates, and production levels. The data covers total CPO volume (HS codes 15111000 and 15119000) from January 2006 to December 2022, focusing on ISPO certification for large State-owned and Private Enterprises in palm oil cultivation and processing. The analysis employs the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method and multiple linear regression (MLR) to identify the linear relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The DID analysis revealed that Indonesian CPO production and global CPO prices significantly affected CPO export volumes, while soybean oil prices and effective exchange rates were not statistically significant in the regression model. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders in developing strategies that support sustainable growth, enhance competitiveness, and maintain Indonesia's leading position in the global palm oil market. Policymakers should focus on encouraging broader adoption of ISPO among palm oil producers through incentives, training, and technical support, especially for smaller producers.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus Upaya Konservasi berbasis Masyarakat melalui program CSR PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Boyolali pada Kelompok Puncak Patra
Authors: Halimah Ika Nur , Irsapuri Dawi , Puteri Lestari Dian , Agustia Intan Kharisma
Published: October 2024

Pembangunan berkelanjutan merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam menjalankan bisnis yang beretika. Melalui Pembangunan berkelanjutan, tidak hanya memperhatikan keuntungan bisnis (profit) saja namun juga memperhatikan aspek lainnya berupa people dan planet yang berarti pengelolaan masyarakat dan lingkungan. Melalui program pemberdayaan Masyarakat, PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Boyolali mengembangkan program-program CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) yang mampu menunjang kelestarian lingkungan dan ekonomi masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui program pemberdayaan pada bidang konservasi berbasis masyarakat dan dampaknya yang dilakukan oleh PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Boyolali pada kelompok konservasi Puncak Patra di Desa Sarimulyo, Kecamatan Sarimulyo, Kabupaten Boyolali. Metode yang dilakukan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder berupa observasi, pengumpulan data (enumerasi), dokumentasi, wawancara anggota kelompok Masyarakat dan analisis data dengan kajian literatur tambahan. Hasilnya, proses konservasi berbasis Masyarakat dilakukan dengan sistematis dan bertahap melalui proses assessment dengan dilakukan kajian pemetaan sosial untuk mengetahui potensi dan permasalahan di Desa Sarimulyo sehingga dapat membentuk perencanaan yang tepat dan sesuai. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan peningkatan kapasitas SDM Masyarakat dan infrastruktur, kegiatan konservasi bersama kemudian dilakukan monitoring serta evaluasi program dengan adanya pengukuran Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat (IKM) dan Indeks Keanekaragaman Hayati (IKH) untuk mengetahui hasil dari program pemberdayaan. Hasilnya konservasi berbasis Masyarakat ini mampu memberikan kepuasan Masyarakat pada angka 91,94 pada kategori A Sangat Baik dan Indeks Keanekaragaman Keanekaragaman Hayati sebesar H=1,635 dengan kenaikan yang cukup signifikan pada jumlah spesies/kekayaan fauna terestrial dan cadangan karbon pada tahun 2023 sebesar 35,1447 ton/ha dengan nilai ekonomi Rp11.288.477,6400.
Today’s Main Issues in the Field of Anti-Corruption
Authors: Tokhtamishovich Ochilov
Published: October 2024

In the article, today all countries in the world are facing the problem of corruption. Freedom of life, which is the main condition for building a democratic society, requires transparency in all spheres of society, especially in economic and political activity, on the one hand, and on the other hand, social and legal control organized on a legal basis. That is why nowadays it is most urgent to improve the socio-legal control system in society, which fully protects human rights and ensures the transparent and open activity of all physical and legal entities, sometimes, especially in the field of national security, with a certain degree of restriction. remains one of the problems.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Penimbangan Tepung pada Silo Secara Kontinyu yang Terintegrasi dengan Sistem Monitoring Online
Authors: Lavinda Haferni Firdaus  , Ramdan Fuji , Angga Agus , Fajar Jajang , Prasetio Ikhwan
Published: October 2024

Dalam proses produksi di perusahaan makanan bayi, terdapat mesin Pemasakan dan Pengeringan yang berfungsi untuk memasak dan mengeringkan bubur dan merubah menjadi tepung, lalu tepung-tepung tersebut disimpan di dalam Silo yang memiliki kapasitas 5 ton. Namun pada saat ini, terjadi kendala untuk mengetahui jumlah tepung yang ada dalam Silo, sehingga menyebabkan sulitnya mengkalkulasi produktifitas dan loss yang terjadi pada mesin Pemasakan dan Pengeringan. Selain itu juga, hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya loss tepung akibat tercampurnya tepung dengan varian rasa berbeda karena kesalahan tujuan silo saat transfer tepung. Meninjau dari hal tersebut, untuk mempermudah mengkalkuasi produktifitas mesin Pemasakan dan Pengeringan dan juga untuk mengurangi loss pada saat proses produksi, maka dibuatlah suatu sistem penimbangan tepung pada silo secara kontinyu yang terintegrasi dengan monitoring online. Sistem penimbangan tepung ini digerakan oleh PLC yang mana hasil penimbangannya akan langsung masuk kedalam data base dan ditampilkan pada TV informasi melalu web secara realtime. Dengan adanya sistem penimbangan tepung pada input silo yang dapat bekerja secara otomatis ini, dapat mempercepat pengkalkulasian data terkait produktifitas mesin Pemasakan dan Pengeringan, dan juga pengurangan loss tepung secara signifikan.
ICTS as Tools for Local Development: Santa Elena Province; A View from the SDGs
Authors: León-Valle Benjamin Wilson , Gómez Milena Katherine Borbor , Rodríguez Erika Alexandra Pozo , Vélez Wilson Zambrano , Cobos-Alvarado Fabian , Peñaherrera-León Mónica
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Currently, there are social problems that affect humanity, one of them is the gap between knowledge of ICTs and their application in social networks for access to information in a timely manner in order to contribute to personal and professional development and contribution to the development of the community. The State provides opportunities based on programs, projects and strategies to direct aid and educate the population in the digital age.
 
Objective: The research objective is to determine the way in which ICTs are used as tools for local - community development through the qualitative-quantitative approach to strengthen the development of the Amantes de Sumpa neighborhood in the Province of Santa Elena.
 
Method: The methodological process applied in this topic is descriptive and deductive, as well as the types of documentaries, field; as well as the population that will be stratified in the neighborhood, which was investigated through the survey and the interview with the neighborhood leader. The reliability of the Likert-type instrument was also carried out by calculating Cronbach's Alpha, which was 0.833.
 
Results and conclusions: The people participating in the research stated that it is important to develop care agreements, promote technological services, since access will allow improving the productive activities of entrepreneurs in the Amantes de Sumpa neighborhood, and promote an electronic commerce system that can be installed from public or community institutions in such a way that this serves for the permanent dissemination of the economic activities carried out by the neighborhood sector.
The Role and Place of the Legislative Power in War Conditions (The Case of Ukraine)
Authors: Turchynov Kyrylo Oleksandrovych , Velychko Valeriy Oleksandrovych , Riabchenko Olena Petrivna , Demchenko Ivan Serhiyovych , Karyy Volodymyr Viktorovych , Yatskovyna Vitalii Vitaliiovych
Published: October 2024

Objective: The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role and place of the legislative power in Ukraine during and after martial law, in particular, by examining the functions and challenges arising from the war, and to identify prospects for improving Ukrainian parliamentarism by adapting to European standards and harmonizing domestic legislation with EU legal norms.
 
Theoretical Framework: The theoretical basis for this study is the scientific studies dedicated to legislative power in Ukraine and abroad, particularly considering its key role in building a democratic society and the rule of law. The issues addressed in the article are examined through the processes of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with EU law.
 
Method: The research methods used are: monographic analysis, analysis and synthesis, systematic, generalization, forecasting, etc.
 
Results and Discussion: The role of the legislative power in the conditions of the military conflict, its functioning and influence on the stability and efficiency of state administration is analyzed in the article. The importance of the place of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in the system of separation of powers is substantiated in view of the functions it performs during the war, in particular, the adoption of laws for mobilization, defense and economic support, as well as control over the activities of the executive power and legitimization of the introduction of martial law through the approval of presidential decrees of Ukraine.
 
Contributions: The state of protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens in accordance with international standards during armed conflict is analyzed. The directions for the development of the legislative power after the end of this conflict are revealed, in particular regarding the restoration of the constitutional order, the reform of legislative processes and the reintegration of the affected regions.
Literacia Física e mobilidade ativa em contexto universitário: um estudo observacional transversal
Authors: Dias Nuno , Boldovskaia Aia , Franco Sofia , Nunes Silva Marlene , Carraça Eliana
Published: October 2024

A literacia física (LF) é descrita como a motivação, confiança, competência física, conhecimento e compreensão para assumir a responsabilidade pelo envolvimento em atividade física (AF) para a vida. Estilos de vida mais ativos podem contribuir para cidades mais sustentáveis e sociedades mais saudáveis. Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a associação entre as várias dimensões da LF e o nível de AF atual e explorar a associação entre as várias dimensões da LF, o nível de AF atual, e um indicador central para a sustentabilidade – a forma de deslocação. Método: No âmbito do estudo LUSÓFONAtiva, 498 pessoas responderam a um inquérito digital, com idades entre 18 e 80 anos. Resultados: O score de LF total, bem como as dimensões Auto-motivação e Competência Motora, apresentaram associações positivas de magnitude média com a AF (r=.32, p<.001; r= .32, p<.001; r= .32, p<.001; respetivamente). As dimensões da LF Conhecimento, Oportunidade e Imagem Corporal revelaram uma associação positiva com a AF de magnitude baixa (r=.12, p<.05; r=.12, p<.05; r=.12, p<.05; respetivamente). Os resultados da associação do nível da AF com a Forma de deslocação (scores mais altos - deslocações mais motorizadas) evidenciaram uma correlação negativa de magnitude baixa (r=.20, p<.001). Por sua vez, a associação da Forma de deslocação com a variável subir escadas também mostrou que há uma correlação negativa significativa (r=.08, p<.05). Conclusão: A LF está relacionada com maiores níveis de AF e um nível mais elevado de AF está associado a uma forma de deslocação mais sustentável.
Combined exercise Intervention protocol validation in sedentary workers health risk with Nonspecific Chronic low back pain People
Authors: Saina Swathi , Purushothaman Senthil , Neelam Shazia , Purushothaman Vinosh Kumar , Chinnusamy Sivakumar , T G Tilak Francis
Published: October 2024

Background: Most chronic low back pain is nonspecific as the cause of the pain is unknown. Hence exercise protocol focussing on one area of fitness is not appropriate. A general exercise programme that combines muscular strength, flexibility and aerobic fitness would benefit the rehabilitation of Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain and its health risk. The present study aimed to validate the content of the combined exercise intervention protocol. Methods: The development and expert judgement stages are part of the content validation process. The development of the exercise protocol was based on a comprehensive literature review. The protocol was created in a step-by-step progressive manner. Exercises for flexibility (20 minutes), stabilisation and strengthening (20 minutes), and aerobic (20 minutes) make up the three main parts of the exercise protocol. 12 independent professionals with a minimum of 10 years of experience were invited. Ten of the twelve specialists consented to take part in the study. In India, all of the professionals were engaged in orthopaedic and musculoskeletal physical therapy. There are two professors, three associate professors, and five senior physiotherapists among the experts. Responses were gathered by mail. During the validation phase, The Exercise protocol was graded by the experts on relevance and ease of performance using a 5-point scale. After collecting the responses content validity index and kappa values were calculated. Results: 37 out of 39 items in the combined exercise intervention protocol showed good agreement. Treadmill walking with 60-75% and 80% and above target heart rate showed a kappa value of 0.66 for relevance and 0.50 for ease of performance. Conclusions: The designed exercise protocol exhibited good content validity.