KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM PENCERNAAN UDANG VANNAMEI (Litopenaeus vannamei) PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI PROBIOTIK BIOREMEDIASI-Bacillus sp. (THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF DIGESTIVE VANNAMEI SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) ON VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF BIOREMEDIATION-Bacillus sp. PROBIOTICS)
Authors: Aslamyah Siti 
Published: August 2016

Probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp. dengan komposisi bakteri yang menguntungkan, serta bekerja secara sinergis pada lingkungan budidaya dan pada saluran cerna inang. Selain, dapat memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan juga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas enzim pencernaan udang. Pada akhirnya menyebabkan peningkatan pertumbuhan dan memperkecil resiko timbulnya penyakit  pada udang.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini menentukan konsentrasi optimum aplikasi probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp.  dalam media budidaya udang vannamei.  Penelitian didesain dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan konsentrasi probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp. yaitu kontrol (tanpa probiotik); 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 ppm per minggu, masing-masing dengan 3 ulangan.  Selama penelitian, udang uji dipelihara dalam akuarium kaca berkapasitas 30 L dengan kepadatan 4 ekor/L dan diberi pakan berbentuk powder dengan kadar protein 52% sebanyak 70-100% total biomassa.  Media air yang digunakan bersalinitas ± 30 ppt sebanyak 25 L.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi perbaikan kualitas lingkungan budidaya pada perlakuan aplikasi probiotik, terutama kadar amoniak lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol.  Kadar enzim pencernaan α-amilase dan protease juga meningkat signifikan dibandingkan kontrol.  Keadaan inilah yang menyebabkan sintasan dan pertumbuhan udang vannamei yang mendapat perlakuan pemberian probiotik lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol, sedangkan berbagai konsentrasi probiotik tidak menghasilkan respon perbedaan. Dapat disimpulkan aplikasi probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp. dengan konsentrasi 0,5 ppm per minggu dalam media budidaya dapat memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan budidaya dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan α-amilase dan protease, sehingga dapat meningkatkan sintasan dan pertumbuhan udang vannamei.Bioremediation-Bacillus sp. probiotics with the composition of the beneficial bacteria, as well as working synergistically on aquaculture and environment in the host gastrointestinal tract. In addition, it can improve the quality of the environment can also increase the activity of digestive enzymes shrimp. Ultimately lead to increased growth and minimize the risk of disease of shrimp. The purpose of this study to determine the optimum concentration of applications Bioremediation-Bacillus sp. probiotics vannamei shrimp culture in the media. The study was designed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatment concentration of bioremediation-Bacillus sp. probiotics the control (without probiotic), 0.5; 1.0, 1.5 ppm per week, with three replications each. During the study, the test shrimp rearing  in glass aquaria with a capacity of 30 L with a density of 4 fish / L and fed the form of powder with 52% protein content as much as 70-100% of total biomass. Water medium used ± 30 ppt salinity  as much as 25 L. The results showed improvement of environmental quality cultivation occurs in the probiotic treatment applications, particularly ammonia levels lower than controls. Digestive enzyme levels of α-amylase and protease also increased significantly compared to controls. This condition which cause the vannamei shrimp survival and growth were receiving higher than controls of probiotic treatment, while various concentrations of probiotic did not produce differences in response. Application of Bioremediation-Bacillus sp.  probiotics can be concluded with a concentration of 0.5 ppm per week in culture media can improve the quality of the environment cultivation and the activity of digestive enzymes α-amylase and protease, thus increasing the survival and growth of vannamei shrimp