bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Duration Microwave Radiation Intensity and Growth Media on Morphological and Yield characteristics of (Freesia hybrida) plants production.
Authors: Akhink A. Hassan  , T. Ahmed Mahraban , N. Ali Warheel , J. M. Zeebaree Pashtiwan
Published: February 2025

Microwave radiation effects depend on radiation frequency and exposure duration. Generally, low microwaveexposure has been shown to positively affect the sprouting date of corms. Microwave irradiation can influence plant growthand development. The objective of this study is to examined the effects of different durations at (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20seconds), different intensity (low and medium intensity) microwave radiation, and planted corms in different growth media(sand, peat moss, and a mixture of sand + peat moss) on the morphological and yield characteristics of Freesia hybridaplants. The results of the experiment emphasized the necessity of exposed Freesia corms to microwave radiation for 15seconds, which demonstrated an accelerated sprouting date of 32.56 days, this treatment also increased plant height to43.50 cm, and corms produced an average of 7.78 corms plant-1, number of florets 7.33 florets spikes number of producedcormles to 35.89 cormels plant-1. Additionally, Freesia plants exposed to microwave radiation for 10 seconds showed anincreased vase life of cut flowers to 15.89 days. The effect of low-intensity microwave radiation resulted in an acceleratedsprouting date of 34.42 days
Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Beslenme ve Hastalıkla İlişkili Sorun Alanlarının Araştırılması
Authors: Baygut Hatice
Published: February 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tip 2 diabetes mellituslu (DM) bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarını ve hastalıklarıyla ilişkili sorun alanlarını ayrıntılı olarak inceleyerek diyabet yönetimini iyileştirmeye yönelik etkili stratejilerin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktır. Bu kesitsel çalışma Isparta, Burdur ve Antalya illerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmacı, rastgele örnekleme yöntemini kullanarak gönüllü tip 2 DM’li yetişkin bireylere ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini belirlemek için yapılan güç analizi sonuçlarına göre en az 984 erkek ve kadın tip 2 DM’li yetişkin bireye ulaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Tip 2 DM’li yetişkin bireylerin demografik parametreleri bir anket formu ile kaydedilmiştir. Katılımcılardan yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak antropometrik ölçümler alınmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bireylere diyabetin sorun alanları ölçeği (DISA) uygulanmış ve “24 saatlik diyet hatırlama” yöntemi kullanılarak besin tüketim kaydı alınmıştır. Enerji (kcal/gün), Protein (g/gün), Karbonhidrat (g/gün), Yağ (g/gün), Lif (g/gün), A vitamini (mcg/gün), C vitamini (mg/gün), E vitamini (mg/gün), B1 vitamini (mg/gün), B12 vitamini (mcg/gün), Sodyum (mg/gün), Kalsiyum (mg/gün), Demir (mg/gün), Bakır (mg/gün), Fosfor (mg/gün) ortalamalarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmüştür (p
New forces in world politics
Authors: Medvedeva A. M.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the problem of the emergence of new forces/new players in the global economy and politics. The author draws attention to the activation of the states of the World majority, which went through several stages in its development. The fleeting nature of the «monopolar» world is noted. The formation of a polycentric world order is considered as the development of the logic of the natural evolution of the world economy and global politics in the first quarter of the twenty-first century.
Manajemen Peserta Didik dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing di MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura
Authors: Nizam Khairul , Zaki Ahmad , Yusri Diyan
Published: February 2025

Untuk meningkatkan kualitas peserta didik maka diperlukan manajemen peserta didik yang baik, dengan penerapan manajemen peserta didik tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan daya saya saing peserta didik, upaya meningkatkan daya saing dan manajemen peserta didik dalam meningkatkan daya saing di MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura. Penelitian Ini Merupakan Penelitian Kualitatif Yang Bersifat Deskriptif Dengan Mengambil Latar Belakang Di MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura. Pengumpulan Data Di Lakukan Dengan Mengadakan Pengamatan Secara Langsung Yaitu: Observasi, Wawancara, Dan Dokumentasi. Teknik Analisa Data Yang Diguanakan Yaitu Reduksi Data, Penyajian Data Kemudian Menarik Kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian Menjelaskan Bahwa daya Saing Peserta Didik Di MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura Adanyan Persaingan Dibidang Akademik Dan Dibidang Non Akademik. Persaingan Dibidang Akademik Meliputi Persaingan Mencapai Rangking Kelas, Lomba Cerdas Cermat Antar Kelas, Dan Persaingan Untuk Menjadi Anak Disiplin. Sedangkan Persaingan Dibidang Non Akademik MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura Lebih Di Ekstrakulikuler. Upaya Meningkatkan Daya Saing Yang Dilakukan MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura Strategi yaitu dengan bekerjasama dengan masyarakat luar (enterprise strategy), mengefektifkan misi utama lembaga dengan menciptakan program-program unggulan dan meningkatkan Sumnber Daya Manusia (corporate strategy), cara madrasah dalam menghadapi persaingan dengan madrasah lain  (business strategy),  dan menciptakan ciri khas dan nilai jual madrasah (functional strategy). Manajemen peserta didik dalam meningkatkan daya saing di MAS Kasraatussaadah Tanjung Pura dilakukan dimulai dari: penerimaan peserta didik baru, pengelompokkan peserta didik, penempatan peserta didik dan evaluasi peserta didik.
Pengembangan LKS Berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning pada Pembelajaran Tematik Tema 7 Peristiwa dalam Kehidupan Kelas V SD
Authors: Antika Dina , Nurmairina Nurmairina
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui pengembangan berbasis Contextual Teching and Learning pada pembelajaran tematik tema 7 peristiwa dalam kehidupan kelas V SD serta juga untuk mengetahui validasi dan kepraktisan serta respon peserta didik berbasis LKS berbasis Contextual Teching and Learning pada pembelajaran tematik tema 7 peristiwa dalam kehidupan kelas V SD. Jenis Penelitian Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian dan pengembangan atau sering dikenal dengan sebutan Research and Development (R&D). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan  pada penelitian  adalah bahwa :    Produk LKS yang dikembangkan berkarakteristik CTL, yang terdiri atas kegiatan-kegiatan percobaan, penyelidikan dan pengamatan, dan pengembangan LKS juga disesuaikan dengan perkembangan kognitif anak usia SD. Produk LKS berbasis CTL pada pembelajaran tematik tema 7 telah memenuhi kriteria valid dari penilaian para ahli pada aspek kelayakan isi, kelayakan penyajian, kegrafikan, kebahasaan, dan CTL. Produk LKS berbasis CTL pada pembelajaran tematik tema 7 dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan kriteria sangat valid, terbukti dengan hasil sebesar 82% Valid.Produk LKS berbasis CTL pada pembelajaran tematik tema 7 praktis digunakan dalam pembelajaran, terbukti dengan besar persentase tanggapan dari siswa sebesar 82% sangat valid. Maka pengembangan pengembangan berbasis Contextual Teching and Learning pada pembelajaran tematik tema 7 peristiwa dalam kehidupan kelas V SD  yang dikembangankan peneliti dinyatakan sangat layak digunakan sebagai media dalam proses pembelajaran.
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) as Potent Tool to Prevent Conflict in the Lake Chad Region
Authors: Benisheikh Baba Isa Sanda , Sandabe Aisha , Dunoma Yahaya Alhaji
Published: February 2025

Conflicts and conflicts resolutions are part and parcel of any region, empire or state and man’s existential nature. But the Lake Chad Region question seems to defy most solutions. Either the parties are not sincere at getting the issues resolved because certain people are benefiting or the government lacks the will power to confront the problem politically with a view to bring an end. Dialogue as a means of conflict resolution through change of knowledge by the groups involved. In an attempt to discuss conflicts in the Lake Chad Region, its origin and current forms, one has to contextualize the historical evolution of the region, formation of empires and states; and it’s political and economic developments. The Lake Chad region comprising Nigeria to the northeast; Niger to the southeast; Chad to its western part and Cameroun to the northern part is both historically and today, a culturally contiguous region. Series of factors have contributed to the rise of conflicts across the region. These are political and economic marginalization, poor governance. Insurgency has presently plunged the region into a devastating security and humanitarian conflicts. This has escalated and may lead to unproductive results. Learning to resolve conflict through dialogue is significant aspect of high-performance team. This article examined the prospects and support for Alternative Resolution Dispute Mechanisms (ADR)specifically dialogue as a broader strategy in weakening and ending the conflict. Dialogue as a means can resolve conflict by satisfying the interest of all parties and based on mutual interest. The article will also attempt to draw attention to the issue of lingering crises and dialogue at resolving the conflict permanently.
Impacts of Climate Change on Insect Pests and Crop Protection Strategies
Authors:   Plant Protection- Entomology, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, UP, India, Tiwari Awanindra Kumar
Published: February 2025

Climate change is profoundly altering agricultural ecosystems, directly influencing insect pest behavior, distribution, and their impact on crops. Rising temperatures, fluctuating precipitation, and elevated CO₂ levels have accelerated pest reproduction cycles, expanded their geographical ranges, and increased the frequency of pest outbreaks. These changes impose severe challenges for crop protection and food security, exacerbated by pests’ adaptation to conventional pesticides and the reduced resilience of crops under climatic stress.
This study reviews the intricate relationship between climate change and pest dynamics, emphasizing how altered environmental conditions favor pest proliferation. It highlights specific pests, such as Spodoptera frugiperda and Nilaparvata lugens, which have shown significant range and behavior shifts due to climate variations. Sustainable strategies, including integrated pest management, climate-resilient crop varieties, advanced biocontrol methods, and technological innovations such as AI-based monitoring, are proposed to mitigate these challenges.
Policy recommendations underscore the need for global collaborations, increased research funding, and farmer-centric education to develop adaptive measures. By adopting these solutions, agricultural systems can better withstand the growing threats posed by pests under changing climatic conditions, ensuring sustainable crop production and global food security.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Loyalitas Karyawan Di Puskesmas Sawo Kabupaten Nias Utara Tahun 2020
Authors: Telaumbanua Hendrikus , Nababan Donal , Ginting Daniel , Sirait Asima , Sitorus Mido Ester J. , Gulo Adventy Riang Bevy
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Keberhasilan suatu instansi salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh kinerja sumber daya manusianya. Pada instansi seperti puskesmas ada dua sumber daya manusia yang menjadi dasar keberhasilan penyelenggaraan jasa. Beberapa factor yang berhubungan dengan loyalitas karyawan puskesmas adalah kepemimpinan, tanggung jawab, kompensasi, disiplin dan partisipasi. Di Puskesmas Sawo melihat kurangnya kepatuhan dan kesetiaan karyawan Puskesmas Sawo seperti di bulan Januari 2020 tercatat 90,63% karyawan Puskesmas Sawo ijin dengan lama hari ijin tertinggi 13 hari.
Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Loyalitas Karyawan Puskesmas Sawo Tahun 2020 yang dilaksanakan pada Februari-Agustus 2020.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel diambil menggunakan total populasi dengan jumlah sampel 62 responden. Pengumpulan data emnggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data dilakukan secara univariate, bivariate (chi-square) dan multivariate (regresi logistic ganda model prediksi).
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor gaya kepemimpinan transformasional yang secara statistik signifikan berhubungan dengan loyalitas karyawan Puskesmas Sawo tahun 2020. Faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan loyalitas karyawan Puskesmas Sawo adalah tanggungjawab, disiplin, dan partisipasi. Sedangkan faktor kompensasi secara statistik tidak berhubungan dengan loyalitas karyawan Puskesmas Sawo. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disarankan melakukan pelatihan kepemimpinan untuk peningkatan loyalitas dan menerapkan penilaian kinerja efektif bagi seluruh karyawan.
Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan kompensasi dengan loyalitas karyawan Puskesmas Sawo tahun 2020; Ada hubungan tanggung jawab, disiplin, partisipasi, dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dengan loyalitas karyawan Puskesmas Sawo tahun 2020. Rekomendasi:Bagi Tim Manajemen Puskesmas Sawo Sebaiknya meningkatkan loyalitas dengan Pelatihan kepemimpinan Transformasional, Peningkatan loyalitas karyawan, Bagi Pemerintah Daerah, dan Penelitian selanjutnya.
AFIR Challenges In The Field of Electromobility Infrastructure on The Example of Poland
Authors: WYSZOMIRSKI Adam , DYCZKOWSKA Joanna , KLOSKOWSKI Dariusz
Published: February 2025

The main reason for undertaking work on the study was the adoption of the AFIR regulation (Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation), which generates numerous challenges in the field of infrastructure for electromobility, which EU member states must meet. Based on the aforementioned regulation, Poland, as a member of the European Union, faced a huge challenge of adapting the infrastructure of alternative fuels to AFIR requirements. Since the analyzed infrastructure in Poland is not adapted to AFIR requirements and is developing too slowly, undertaking work on explaining the problems associated with it turned out to be a key objective of the study.
Advances in an OH reactivity instrument for airborne field measurements
Authors: Fuchs Hendrik , Stainsby Aaron , Berg Florian , Dubus René , Färber Michelle , Hofzumahaus Andreas , Holland Frank , Bates Kelvin H. , Brown Steven S. , Coggon Matthew M. , Diskin Glenn S. , Gkatzelis Georgios I. , Jernigan Christopher M. , Peischl Jeff , Robinson Michael A. , Rollins Andrew W. , Schafer Nell B. , Schwantes Rebecca H. , Stockwell Chelsea E. , Veres Patrick R. , Warneke Carsten , Waxman Eleanor M. , Xu Lu , Zuraski Kristen , Wahner Andreas , Novelli Anna
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity, which is the inverse lifetime of the OH radical, provides information on the burden of air pollutants, since almost all air pollutants react with OH. OH reactivity measurements from field experiments can help to identify gaps in the measurement of individual reactants and serve as a proxy for the potential formation of secondary pollutants, including ozone and particles. However, OH reactivity is not regularly measured specifically on airborne platforms due to the technical complexity of the instruments and/or the need for careful instrumental characterisation to apply accurate correction factors to account for secondary chemistry in the instruments. The method used in this work, based on the time-resolved measurement of OH radicals produced by laser flash photolysis in a flow tube, does not require corrections as secondary chemistry in the instrument is negligible for typical atmospheric conditions. However, the detection of OH radicals by laser-induced fluorescence is challenging. In this work, an OH reactivity instrument has been further developed specifically for airborne measurements. The laser system used to detect the OH radicals has been simplified compared to previous setups, thereby significantly reducing the need for user interaction. The improved sensitivity allows measurements to be made with a high time resolution on the order of seconds and a measurement precision of 0.3 s−1. The OH reactivity measurements were validated using a propane gas standard, which allowed the determination of the reaction rate constant of the OH reaction with propane. The values are in excellent agreement with literature recommendations within a range of 4 % to 8 %. Deviations are well within the combined uncertainties. The accuracy of the OH reactivity measurements is mainly limited by the determination of the instrumental zero, which has a typical maximum uncertainty of 0.5 s−1. The high sensitivity of the improved instrument facilitates the data acquisition on board an aircraft as demonstrated by its deployment during the AEROMMA (Atmospheric Emissions and Reactions Observed from Megacities to Marine Areas) campaign in 2023.
Drought Propagation and Ecosystem Resilience in a Peri-Urban Catchment of Berlin-Brandenburg
Authors: Franke Polina , Goswami Aryan , Somogyvári Márk
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study investigates the drought dynamics and their effects on surface water, groundwater, and vegetation across the Tegeler Fließ catchment in Berlin/Brandenburg from November 2008 to April 2021. Calculating drought indices for atmospheric, hydrological and groundwater drought, namely the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardised Surface Water Level Index (SSWLI) and the Standardised Groundwater Level Index (SGLI), respectively, the analysis identifies station-specific drought events and their propagation across three locations: Schildow, Luebars, and Tegel. The three indices allow us to take a closer look into the differences and the propagation of drought processes over different parts of the hydrological system. The study also assesses the impact of drought on vegetation health using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Our results strongly differ at different locations: the peri-urban area (Tegel) experienced the most severe and prolonged groundwater droughts, while the groundwater in the nature reserve and fen meadow area (Schildow) remained more resilient but faced significant surface water stress. Agricultural land (Luebars) displayed variability in both surface and groundwater responses, with surface water systems being more resilient. NDVI analysis revealed that vegetation remained largely within moderate to dense classes throughout the study period, showing resilience despite severe drought conditions from 2018 to 2020. Spearman correlation tests did not show any significant relationship between NDVI and drought indices, while Granger causality tests revealed that SPI, and for some stations also SSWLI, significantly Granger-caused NDVI with a lag of one month. These findings highlight the need for localized drought management strategies tailored to both surface and groundwater resources, alongside enhanced vegetation monitoring that goes beyond traditional indices like NDVI.
Aeration and mineral composition of soil determine microbial CUE
Authors: Niedźwiecka Jolanta , Angel Roey , Čapek Petr , Lara Ana Catalina , Jabinski Stanislav , Meador Travis B. , Šantrůčková Hana
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in soils is used to estimate the balance of CO2 respired by heterotrophs versus the accumulation of organic carbon (C). While most CUE studies assume that aerobic respiration is the predominant degradation process of organic C, anoxic microniches are common inside soil aggregates. Microorganisms in these microniches carry out fermentation and anaerobic respiration using alternative electron acceptors, e.g. NO3-, Fe, SO42-. Extracellular metabolites are also not traditionally accounted for but may represent a significant C flux. Moreover, climate change may modulate soil microbial activity by altering soil aeration status on a local level due to warming and elevated frequency of extreme precipitation events. Therefore, CUE should be measured under more realistic assumptions regarding soil aeration. This study focused on the effect of oxygen and Fe on C mineralisation in forest soils and quantified C distribution between biomass and different extracellular metabolites. Forest soils were collected from two Bohemian Forest (Czechia) sites with low and high Fe content and incubated under oxic and anoxic conditions. A solution of 13C-labelled glucose was used to track stable isotope incorporation into the biomass, respired CO2, and extracellular metabolites. We estimated CUE based on microbial respiration, glucose consumption, biomass growth, and extracellular metabolites. RNA-SIP was used to identify the active bacteria under each treatment. As expected, the oxic incubation showed a rapid utilisation and immediate production of biomass and CO2. Under anoxic conditions, 90 % of the added glucose was still present after 72 h, and anoxic soils showed significantly lower microbial activity. The low-Fe soil samples were more active under oxic conditions, while the high-Fe samples were more active under anoxia. Our findings confirm that anoxia in soils enhances short-term C preservation. Accordingly, excluding exudates in mass flux calculations would underestimate apparent CUE values.
Quantification of anthropogenic and marine sources to atmospheric mercury over the marginal seas of China and impact assessment on the sea-air exchange of mercury
Authors: Qin Xiaofei , Li Hao , Chen Jia , Wei Junjie , Ding Hao , Wang Xiaohao , Wang Guochen , Liu Chengfeng , Lu Da , Zhou Shengqian , Li Haowen , Zhu Yucheng , Liu Ziwei , Fu Qingyan , Huo Juntao , Lin Yanfen , Deng Congrui , Zhang Yisheng , Huang Kan
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Mercury in the atmosphere is a crucial environmental concern due to its toxicity and ability to travel long distances. In the marginal seas, the contributions of terrestrial anthropogenic vs. natural sources on atmospheric mercury have been rarely quantified and their roles in mercury sea-air exchange are not well understood. To address this issue, this study integrated observations from island, cruise, and inland campaigns. Positive correlations were observed between total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations and environmental parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, indicating the significant influence of natural sources on atmospheric mercury in the marine environment. The application of the TGM/BC (black carbon) ratio underscored the effects of continental outflows. By utilizing a receptor model and linear regression analysis, a robust method was developed to quantitatively estimate the contribution of anthropogenic and natural sources to TGM. Anthropogenic sources accounted for an average of 59 %, 38 %, and 26 % of TGM over the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea, respectively. The sea-air exchange fluxes of mercury were estimated as 0.17±0.38, 1.10±1.34, and 3.44±3.24 ng m-2 h-1 over the three seas above, respectively. Upon omitting the contributions of anthropogenic sources, the sea-air exchange fluxes of mercury could be enhanced by 207.1 %, 32.4 %, and 5.8 %, respectively. This study elucidated the role of anthropogenic emissions in shaping the marine atmospheric mercury and the modulation of sea-air exchange fluxes, thereby informing valuable assessments regarding the influence of future reduced anthropogenic mercury emissions on the marine mercury cycle and ecosystems.
Tropical temperature evolution across two glacial cycles derived from speleothem fluid inclusion microthermometry
Authors: Krüger Yves , Pasqualetto Leonardo , Fernandez Alvaro , Cobb Kim M. , Meckler Anna Nele
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The evolution of tropical temperature across multiple glacial-interglacial cycles is mostly constrained with marine proxy records, which are associated with considerable uncertainties. Here we present a reconstruction of tropical land temperatures derived from fluid inclusions in stalagmite WR5_B from Whiterock Cave (Gunung Mulu National Park, Northern Borneo). The employed paleothermometer – nucleation-assisted microthermometry – is based on the density of the water trapped in fluid inclusions, i.e., on a well-known thermodynamic parameter and yields highly precise temperature estimates. The record consists of 49 temperature data points spanning a 127 kyr period from 460 to 333 ka including the glacial terminations T-V and T-IV. We find that Borneo temperature tracks Southern hemisphere temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Deglacial warming is accompanied by relatively dry conditions in Northern Borneo, indicated by pronounced enrichments in calcite δ18Occ and reconstructed drip water δ18Odw values. The amplitude of glacial-interglacial temperature changes amounts to 4.2 ± 0.4 °C (2SEM) between MIS 12 and the MIS 11 interglacial optimum and 4.3 ± 0.4 °C (2SEM) across T-IV. MIS 11 peak temperature was found to be 0.9 ± 0.4 °C warmer than late Holocene temperatures reconstructed for Whiterock Cave, whereas temperatures during MIS 12 and MIS 10 glacial maxima in our record are indistinguishable from those previously reconstructed for the Last Glacial Maximum. Both the present WR5_B record as well as the recently published record from Løland et al. (2022) covering the last glacial Termination exhibit a clear linear correlation with Antarctic temperature anomalies (R2 = 0.89 and 0.97, respectively), with practically identical slopes of the linear regression lines. Depending on the employed Antarctic ΔT reconstruction, Landais et al. (2021) and Jouzel et al. (2007), we found a polar amplification factor of 2.21 ± 0.22 and 2.42 ± 0.23 (95 % CI), respectively.
Improved Simulation of Thunderstorm Characteristics and Polarimetric Signatures with LIMA 2-Moment Microphysics in AROME
Authors: David Cloé , Augros Clotilde , Vié Benoît , Bouttier François , Le Bastard Tony
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Thunderstorm forecasting remains challenging despite advances in numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. The microphysics scheme, that represents clouds in the model, partly contributes to the introduction of uncertainties in the simulations. To better understand the discrepancies, synthetic radar data simulated by a radar forward operator (applied to model outputs) are usually compared to dual-polarization radar observations, as they provide insight into the microphysical structure of clouds. However, despite the diversity of microphysics schemes and forward operators, the modelling of polarimetric values and radar signatures such as the ZDR column (ZDRC) remains a complex issue, especially above the freezing level where too low values are often found. The aim of this work is to assess the ability of the AROME NWP convective model, when coupled with two distinct microphysics schemes (ICE3 one-moment and LIMA partially two-moment), to accurately reproduce thunderstorms characteristics. A statistical evaluation is conducted on 34 convective days of 2022 using both a global and an object-oriented approach, and a ZDRC detection algorithm is implemented. Simulations performed with LIMA microphysics showed a good agreement with observed ZH, ZDR and KDP below the melting layer in convective cores. Moreover, it demonstrated a remarkable capacity to generate a realistic number of ZDRC, as well as a distribution of (1) the ZDRC area, and (2) the first ZDRC occurrence, very close to the observations. Enhancements in the forward operator have also been suggested to improve the simulations in the mixed phase and cold phase regions. These findings are highly encouraging in the context of data assimilation, where one could leverage the combination of advanced microphysics schemes and improved forward operators to improve storm forecasts.
Brief communication: Sea-level projections, adaptation planning, and actionable science
Authors: Lipscomb William H. , Behar David , Morrison Monica Ainhorn
Published: February 2025

Abstract. As climate scientists seek to deliver actionable science for adaptation planning, there are risks in using novel results to inform decision-making. Premature acceptance may lead to maladaptation, practitioner confusion, and “whiplash”. We propose that scientific claims should be considered actionable (i.e., sufficiently accepted to support near-term adaptation action) only after meeting a confidence threshold based on the strength of evidence as evaluated by a diverse group of scientific experts. We discuss an influential study that projected rapid sea-level rise from Antarctic ice-sheet retreat but in our view was not actionable. We recommend regular, transparent communications between scientists and practitioners to support the use of actionable science.
A minimal machine-learning glacier mass balance model
Authors: van der Meer Marijn , Zekollari Harry , Huss Matthias , Bolibar Jordi , Sjursen Kamilla Hauknes , Farinotti Daniel
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Glacier retreat presents significant environmental and social challenges. Understanding the local impacts of climatic drivers on glacier evolution is crucial, with mass balance being a central concept. This study introduces miniML-MB, a new minimal machine-learning model designed to estimate annual point surface mass balance (PMB) for very small datasets. Based on an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) architecture, miniML-MB is applied to model PMB at individual sites in the Swiss Alps, emphasising the need for an appropriate training framework and dimensionality reduction techniques. A substantial added value of miniML-MB is its data-driven identification of key climatic drivers of local mass balance. The best PMB prediction performance was achieved with two predictors: mean air temperature (May–August) and total precipitation (October–February). miniML-MB models PMB accurately from 1961 to 2021, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.417 m w.e. across all sites. Notably, miniML-MB demonstrates similar and, in most cases, superior predictive capabilities compared to a simple positive degree-day (PDD) model (MAE of 0.541 m w.e.). Compared to the PDD model, miniML-MB is less effective at reproducing extreme mass balance values (e.g. 2022) that fall outside its training range. As such, miniML-MB shows promise as a gap-filling tool for sites with incomplete PMB measurements as long as the missing year's climate conditions are within the training range. This study underscores potential means for further refinement and broader applications of data-driven approaches in glaciology.
Data-driven probabilistic surrogate model for floating wind turbine lifetime damage equivalent load prediction
Authors: Singh Deepali , Haugen Erik , Laugesen Kasper , P. Dwight Richard , Viré Axelle
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Floating offshore wind turbines experience complex hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loading influenced by substructure types and stochastic environmental conditions. Accurately estimating the lifetime fatigue loads requires analyzing thousands of operational scenarios, leading to high computational costs. Moreover, choosing the right input features driving fatigue in floating wind systems and appropriately binning them still remains an open question. We present a fast probabilistic surrogate that maps the site conditions to the loads on the wind turbine. The probabilistic aspect allows the propagation and quantification of statistical uncertainties from the stochastic input quantities on the resulting loads. A fast surrogate eliminates the need to fit a distribution to the site conditions or bin the input data. Rather, all available met-ocean data can be directly used as input, which automatically accounts for the joint distribution in the calculations. The surrogate model in this study uses the mixture density network (MDN) to predict the conditional distribution of the 10-minute damage equivalent loads (DELs) for a 6 MW spar-type floating wind turbine. The MDN achieves high accuracy (R2 > 0.99) in capturing DEL means while efficiently propagating the statistical uncertainties. Furthermore, the surrogate enables quick estimation of 25-year lifetime fatigue damage across a range of potential floating wind farm sites, demonstrating its capability to facilitate rapid decision-making during preliminary site analysis.
Investigasi Faktor Penentu Return Saham Pada Perusahaan Sektor Keuangan
Authors: Fajar Rina Sejati  , Dian Pertiwi  , Ranny Masampe
Published: February 2025

This empirical test was conducted to examine the effect of liquidity, profitability, leverage and activity on stock returns in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population of this study is all financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 to 2020, with a total of 81 companies. Using purposive sampling, a sample of 21 companies was obtained. This research uses a literature study method published on the website www.idx.co.id. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that liquidity and profitability had no effect on stock returns. Meanwhile, leverage and activity have a negative effect on stock returns. Then, liquidity, profitability, leverage, and activity simultaneously affect stock returns.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023
Authors: Yusnita Irni , Winona Kumara Dewi  , Maharani Putri
Published: February 2025

Banks are a very important intermediary institution to support all economic activities in society. In general, investors are interested in seeing how financial performance can find predictions of future stock prices. Therefore, the relationship between financial performance and stock prices is considered very important, especially in the banking industry. This study investigates the impact of financial performance indicators Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Earnings Per Share (EPS), and Price Earning Ratio (PER) on the stock price of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019- 2023. Using secondary data from published financial statements, this study employs multiple linear regression analysis to assess the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable, the stock price. The findings show that ROA, ROE, EPS and PER have effect on stock price, The overall model shows that these financial indicators collectively explain 62.9% of the variance in stock prices. The results of this study underscore the importance of ROA and ROE as key determinants of stock valuation in the banking sector, providing valuable insights for investors and stakeholders in making appropriate investments.
Education for the development of STEAM skills from the perspective of current challenges in the context of EU accession
Authors: Litvin Aurelia , Fleaca Elena
Published: February 2025

STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) education is an approach that integrates the disciplines of science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics to encourage students to develop critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and collaboration skills. STEAM education also focuses on developing skills that are in demand in the modern world. Students learn to analyze information, find solutions to problems, argue their ideas and work in a team. One of the key principles of STEAM education is making connections between different fields. For example, through projects, students can combine knowledge from mathematics, physics and programming to design and build working models or solve problems. This approach allows students to better understand the relationship between different sciences and to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.
Economic and social features of construction in complex engineering and geological conditions
Authors: Polcanova Alina , Polcanov Vladimir
Published: February 2025

The article examines the peculiarities of construction on the territory of Moldova in conditions of possible development of dangerous geological processes. The impact of complex engineering and geological conditions on the design, construction, and operation of buildings and structures, as well as on the overall cost of investment projects, is particularly emphasized. This material highlights the importance of considering the characteristics of construction and subsequent operation in landslide-prone areas and regions with subsidence soils. The necessity of developing protective measure projects prior to the main construction stage, based on a carefully crafted master plan for territorial development, has been demonstrated. The research results enable improvements in construction quality, ensure the reliability and safety of buildings and structures, and justify project costs by accounting for anti-deformation measures.
Impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on skill requirements and workforce availability in key sectors
Authors: Turcan Rina , Pojar Daniela
Published: February 2025

The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 is driving organizations around the world to adopt advanced technologies, generating multiple complex operational and managerial challenges. This article explores the role of human resource management (HRM) in addressing these challenges, emphasizing the alignment of workforce skills with digital transformation goals to promote innovation, adaptability and teamwork. The article aims to highlight those key gaps and essential key competencies that are absolutely necessary for a successful Industry 4.0 transformation, with a focus on both technical skills such as data analytics and artificial intelligence, and non-technical skills such as resilience and creativity. Based on the workforce priorities and competences in this article some strategic visions in human resource management are proposed to support the evolution of the labor market and the impact of Industry 4.0 on workforce resilience, flexibility and collaboration. The research methodology used in this paper is based on a structured approach that combines literature review and empirical analysis to examine the role of HRM in supporting Industry 4.0 transformations. This mixed methods approach is justified by the complexity of the topic as it allows for both a theoretical perspective and a data-driven analysis of workforce skills needs and organizational challenges in digital transformation. The research conducted in this article argues that targeted upskilling and reskilling initiatives are key to overcoming the skills gap, enabling organizations to exploit the full potential of Industry 4.0 while paving the way for a sustainable, people-centric Industry 5.0. This article provides insights for HR professionals, policy makers and academics on developing an adaptive, innovation-oriented workforce to sustain competitiveness in a digital economy.
Transformation of Moldova's agricultural sector: new challenges and investment opportunities
Authors: Gheorghita Maria , Stratila Alina , Gumeniuc Ina
Published: February 2025

Agriculture plays a key role in the national economy of the Republic of Moldova, ensuring food security and being an important source of employment for the population. Over the last period, the activity of agricultural enterprises has been undergoing remarkable transformations related to global climate changes on the planet, integration of the country into the world markets, technological progress and new challenges. Maintaining the investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises will allow developing promising areas in agriculture, which will contribute to sustainable growth of the country's economy. The article analyses the dynamics and structure of agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Moldova for the period 2017-2022, based on data from the Bureau of National Statistics. The study reveals a significant increase in the number of agricultural enterprises, where small and micro enterprises predominate. Key performance indicators, including revenues, profits, assets and investments in long-term assets, are analyzed, and a factor analysis of investment attractiveness is conducted by applying a seven-factor return on assets model. The authors emphasize the need for strategic investment and sustainable management for the further development of this type of activity.
Analysis of the cereals insurance degree of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Scerbacov Elena
Published: February 2025

The aim of the paper is to analyze the degree of cereals insurance of the Republic of Moldova. During the elaboration of the investigation the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis and comparison. The information base was made up of the works in the analyzed field, as well as the statistical reports of the NBS. The obtained results show that the economic access to food products is not ensured, because the population of the Republic of Moldova cannot purchase food products in accordance with the prescribed physiological norms of consumption, the reason being the low income. In 2022, the Republic of Moldova was overinsured with wheat production. During the same period, our country was provided with production of maize, rye and barley, the remaining 20% of what is needed must be completed from imports. The Republic of Moldova is not provided with oat production and in order to ensure the physical access of citizens, the necessary is completed on the basis of import.
Effect of Modified Holmich Exercises in Improving Hip Adductor Strength, Agility, Sprint Time Among Previously Groin Injured Football Players
Authors: David Ajith , George Susan Annie
Published: February 2025

Background: Football is a high-impact game with high-load running, sprinting, agility, sudden direction-changing. Groin pain is a common injury in football players due to high-speed running, changes in direction, jumping and landing, and kicking. Isometric hip adduction strength is decreased in groin-injured players. The modified Holmich exercises help in hip adductors and pelvic muscles strengthening, and core stabilisation. The objectives of this study are to find out the effect of Modified Holmich Exercise in Improving Hip Adductor Strength, Agility, Sprint Time Among Previously Groin Injured Sub Elite Football Players.
Methods: On the basis of selection criteria, 30 subjects were selected and divided equally into Group A (Experimental Group) receiving modified Holmich exercises along with conventional treatment and Group B (Control group) receiving conventional treatment. Sprint time, agility and hip adductor strength were measured at the beginning and after 10-weeks of intervention using 30-meter sprint test, Illinois test, modified sphygmomanometer test respectively.
Results: Paired t test showed significant improvement in Sprint time, agility and hip adductor strength within the group. In unpaired t test, sprint time, agility and hip adductor strength expressed significant improvement in the experimental group than control group.
Conclusion: There was improvement in Sprint time, agility and hip adductor strength within experimental and control group. The experimental group shows more significant improvement than control group in all the three parameters.

Key words: Agility, Football, Hip Adductor Strength, Modified Holmich Exercise, Sprint Time
Effect of Mindfulness Activities on the occupational stress and psychological wellbeing of Private and Government Teachers of Namsai district of Arunachal Pradesh.
Authors: Enu Sambyal
Published: February 2025

Under the increasingly changing education system in the present era, teachers undergo a variety of pressures in terms of enhanced workload, administrative tasks, pressures of standardized testing, limited material resources, and the demands of diverse student populations. These sources of stress can detrimentally affect the psychological state of teachers, resulting in burnout, emotional exhaustion, job dissatisfaction, and even mental illness. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of mindfulness exercises on occupational stress and psychological well-being of government and private school teachers in Arunachal Pradesh, Namsai district, India. It utilized a quasi-experimental approach with non equivalent control pretest-post-test design. A total of 200 teachers (100 government school teachers and 100 private school teachers) were included in the study. Half of both groups (50 private and 50 government teachers) received a 6-week mindfulness intervention program consisting of breathing exercises, pranayama, meditation, and yoga asanas. The findings indicated a statistically significant reduction in occupational stress and enhancement of psychological well-being among private and government teachers who received the mindfulness intervention. The research also discovered a huge difference in government and private teachers on both occupational stress and psychological well-being, where the private teachers exhibited marginally more improvement on both the variables. The key insight in this research is that even though government teachers have greater job security, they too suffer from occupational stress due to bureaucratic work load and implementation problems of policies. Conversely, private tutors experience job insecurity and financial-related stress. Nonetheless, the study illustrates that mindfulness interventions, if practiced regularly, can effectively enable both groups to cope with stress and improve their mental health. The study further highlights the need for institutional support in ensuring a healthy work environment and individual commitment to mindfulness practice for sustainable outcomes.
From USSD to apps: Understanding mobile money platform preferences among Zimbabwean youths.
Authors: Caesar Talent Mutare  , Kudzanai Tavirimirwa  , Tobias Nharo  , Shepard Wara
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the factors influencing the choice between Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) and mobile money applications among young people in Zimbabwe. With the increase in mobile money services, an understanding of user preferences is crucial for providing platform support services, enhancing financial inclusion and service delivery. The study uses a quantitative survey to gather data from a diverse sample of young Zimbabweans aged between 18-35 years. Key findings indicate that while USSD remains popular due to its accessibility and ease of use on basic mobile phones, mobile money apps are gaining traction among tech-savvy users who are interested in advanced features and user experience. Smartphone penetration, internet accessibility, transaction costs, and perceived security significantly influence the choice of mobile money platform The research highlights the need for mobile money providers to tailor their services to meet the diverse needs of young users, promoting broader financial inclusion and economic participation.
ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPLES OF DIDACTICS THROUGH THE PRISM OF THREE SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES
Authors: Ghazaryan F. G. , Martirosyan E.Z.
Published: February 2025

The history of pedagogy shows that educators and thinkers from different countries and different eras constantly sought to define didactic principles of teaching, and the first attempts were outlined in the 16th-17th centuries. The principles of teaching reflect certain needs. Naturally, these principles evolve in response to the requirements of life, socio-economic conditions, of course, the principles of teaching also change: some lose their relevance while new ones emerge instead. The analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature indicates that there is no single definition of the structure of teaching principles among the authors, there is an inadequacy and inconsistency of opinions. From this perspective, the didactic principles are examined and analyzed through the prism of three scientific directions.
The purpose of the study is a retrospective analysis of didactic principles, and the Objective is to determine their priority Significance in three academic disciplines: general pedagogy, theory and methodology of physical education, and sports pedagogy.