bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Double-sieving-defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase causes protein mistranslation and affects cellular physiology and development
Authors: Lu Jiongming , Bergert Martin , Walther Anita , Suter Beat
Published: November 2014

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) constitute a family of ubiquitously expressed essential enzymes that ligate amino acids to their cognate tRNAs for protein synthesis. Recently, aaRS mutations have been linked to various human diseases; however, how these mutations lead to diseases has remained unclear. In order to address the importance of aminoacylation fidelity in multicellular organisms, we generated an amino-acid double-sieving model in Drosophila melanogaster using phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS). Double-sieving-defective mutations dramatically misacylate non-cognate Tyr, induce protein mistranslation and cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in flies. Mutant adults exhibit many defects, including loss of neuronal cells, impaired locomotive performance, shortened lifespan and smaller organ size. At the cellular level, the mutations reduce cell proliferation and promote cell death. Our results also reveal the particular importance of the first amino-acid recognition sieve. Overall, these findings provide new mechanistic insights into how malfunctioning of aaRSs can cause diseases.
The role of different social contexts in shaping influenza transmission during the 2009 pandemic
Authors: Ajelli Marco , Poletti Piero , Melegaro Alessia , Merler Stefano
Published: November 2014

Evaluating the relative importance of different social contexts in which infection transmission occurs is critical for identifying optimal intervention strategies. Nonetheless, an overall picture of influenza transmission in different social contexts has yet to emerge. Here we provide estimates of the fraction of infections generated in different social contexts during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in Italy by making use of a highly detailed individual-based model accounting for time use data and parametrized on the basis of observed age-specific seroprevalence. We found that 41.6% (95%CI: 39–43.7%) of infections occurred in households, 26.7% (95%CI: 21–33.2) in schools, 3.3% (95%CI: 1.7–5%) in workplaces and 28.4% (95%CI: 24.6–31.9%) in the general community. The above estimates strongly depend on the lower susceptibility to infection of individuals 19+ years old compared to younger ones, estimated to be 0.2 (95%CI 0.12–0.28). We also found that school closure over the weekends contributed to decrease the effective reproduction number of about 8% and significantly affected the pattern of transmission. These results highlight the pivotal role played by schools in the transmission of the 2009 H1N1 influenza. They may be relevant in the evaluation of intervention options and, hence, for informing policy decisions.
Manganese Transport, Trafficking and Function in Invertebrates
Authors: Jensen Amornrat Naranuntarat , Jensen Laran T.
Published: November 2014

Manganese is an essential trace metal. Microorganisms including bacteria, yeasts, and small multicellular animals, such as nematodes, are constantly challenged with changing environmental conditions that may limit manganese availability or expose the organisms to excess or toxic concentrations of this metal. Transport systems for the uptake, efflux, and intracellular distribution of manganese have been identified in several invertebrate microorganisms and those from bacterial systems, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are discussed herein. These transporters allow organisms to survive under a variety of environmental conditions by mediating stringent control of intracellular manganese content. Regulation of manganese transporters, both at transcriptional and post-translational levels, is a key to this tight control of manganese uptake. The mechanisms of manganese uptake, distribution, and elimination identified in bacteria, yeasts, and nematodes are likely to be conserved, at least in part, in more complicated invertebrate organisms.
Mutual Neurotoxic Mechanisms Controlling Manganism and Parkisonism
Authors: Roth Jerome A.
Published: November 2014

The studies presented in this review attempt to characterize the functional properties of genes identified as producing Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-like disorders and how mutation of these genes correlate, from a mechanistic perspective, to provocation of manganese (Mn) toxicity. These include genes associated with early-onset of Parkinson's disease, which are comprised of parkin, DJ-1, PINK, and ATP13A2, as well as those associated with late onset of the disorder, which include LRRK2 and VPS35. Because both neurological disorders are associated with altered function and output of the basal ganglia, it is not surprising that symptoms of Parkinson's disease often overlap with that of Mn toxicity. There appears to be four common threads linking the two disorders because mutations in genes associated with early and late onset of Parkinsonism produce similar adverse biological responses acknowledged to provoke Mn-induced dopaminergic cell death: (1) disruption of mitochondrial function leading to oxidative stress; (2) abnormalities in vesicle processing; (3) altered proteasomal and lysosomal protein degradation; and (4) α-synuclein aggregation. The mutual neurotoxic actions of these genes, along with that of Mn, most likely act in synchrony to contribute to the severity, characteristics, and onset of both disorders.
Manganese and Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Aschner Judy L. , Maitre Nathalie L.
Published: November 2014

For more than four decades, parenteral nutrition has provided life-sustaining macronutrient and micronutrient nutritional therapy for patients unable to tolerate enteral nutrition. Despite its critical importance and widespread use, the optimal dosing of various parenteral nutrition additives is unknown, posing a threat to human health. This knowledge gap is particularly acute for the trace element manganese (Mn), which is routinely added to parenteral nutrition solutions used for children and adults. Mn is an essential metal required for normal growth and development. However, excessive parenteral dietary Mn can be neurotoxic, causing a constellation of psychological and neurological symptoms known as manganism. Mn neurotoxicity is a well-described entity in adults receiving prolonged parenteral nutrition. Infants and children requiring parenteral nutrition represent an understudied and particularly vulnerable population whose susceptibility to the toxic effects of excess Mn is complicated by their developmental stage. This chapter will review the risk factors for the potential adverse effects of parenteral Mn when provided in excessive amounts, or when normal metabolism or excretion is altered by an underlying medical condition or by developmental immaturity. The need for the establishment of safe guidelines is emphasized and areas for potential research are highlighted.
Evaluation of back scatter interferometry, a method for detecting protein binding in solution
Authors: Jepsen S. T. , Jørgensen T. M. , Zong W. , Trydal T. , Kristensen S. R. , Sørensen H. S.
Published: November 2014

We evaluate the sensitivity and stability of back scatter interferometry, a method proposed for detecting protein binding in solution by changes in refractive index.
Comparison of FTIR transmission and transfection substrates for canine liver cancer detection
Authors: Kochan Kamila , Heraud Philip , Kiupel Matti , Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan Vilma , McNaughton Don , Baranska Malgorzata , Wood Bayden R.
Published: November 2014

FTIR spectroscopy is a widely used technique that provides insights into disease processes at the molecular level.
Crystal templating through liquid–liquid phase separation
Authors: Mosses Joanna , Turton David A. , Lue Leo , Sefcik Jan , Wynne Klaas
Published: November 2014

Fluff-like crystal growth of water in 1,2-dichloroethylene.
Saturation mutagenesis in selected amino acids to shift Pseudomonas sp. acidic lipase Lip I.3 substrate specificity and activity
Authors: Panizza Paola , Cesarini Silvia , Diaz Pilar , Rodríguez Giordano Sonia
Published: November 2014

Several Pseudomonas sp. CR611 Lip I.3 mutants with overall increased activity and a shift towards longer chain substrates were constructed.
Predicting the structure and interfacial activity of diblock brush, mixed brush, and Janus-grafted nanoparticles
Authors: Koski Jason , Chao Huikuan , Riggleman Robert A.
Published: November 2014

We develop a field theoretic simulation model to study the interfacial properties of grafted nanoparticles as a function of the grafting architecture.
Transition metal free intramolecular selective oxidative C(sp3)–N coupling: synthesis of N-aryl-isoindolinones from 2-alkylbenzamides
Authors: Verma Ajay , Patel Saket , Meenakshi Meenakshi , Kumar Amit , Yadav Abhimanyu , Kumar Shailesh , Jana Sadhan , Sharma Shubham , Prasad Ch. Durga , Kumar Sangit
Published: November 2014

A transition metal-free intramolecular selective oxidative coupling reaction of C(sp3)–H and N–H bonds has been presented utilizing iodine, potassium carbonate and di-tert-butyl peroxide in acetonitrile at 110–140 °C.
A fluorescent probe for detection of an intracellular prognostic indicator in early-stage cancer
Authors: Ji Haiwei , Guan Yijia , Wu Li , Ren Jinsong , Miyoshi Daisuke , Sugimoto Naoki , Qu Xiaogang
Published: November 2014

A fluorescent probe for the detection of intracellular prognostic indicator cyclin A2 in early-stage cancer using target-responsive cargo release from graphene–mesoporous silica nanosheets.
One-pot multicomponent synthesis of tetrahydropyridines promoted by luminescent ZnO nanoparticles supported by the aggregates of 6,6-dicyanopentafulvene
Authors: Kataria Meenal , Pramanik Subhamay , Kumar Manoj , Bhalla Vandana
Published: November 2014

Aggregates of 6,6-dicyanopentafulvene derivative 4 serve as reactors and stabilizers for the preparation of ZnO NPs, which exhibit high catalytic efficiency in one-pot multicomponent synthesis of tetrahydropyridines.
Correction: Virtual screening and optimization of Type II inhibitors of JAK2 from a natural product library
Authors: Ma Dik-Lung , Chan Daniel Shiu-Hin , Wei Guo , Zhong Hai-Jing , Yang Hui , Leung Lai To , Gullen Elizabeth A. , Chiu Pauline , Cheng Yung-Chi , Leung Chung-Hang
Published: November 2014

Correction for ‘Virtual screening and optimization of Type II inhibitors of JAK2 from a natural product library’ by Dik-Lung Ma et al., Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 13885–13888.
Oriented-attachment dimensionality build-up via van der Waals interaction
Authors: Lv Weiqiang , Huo Weirong , Niu Yinghua , Zhu Yaxing , Xie Yutao , Guo Xuyun , He Weidong
Published: November 2014

Molecular static calculation is carried out to evaluate the role of van der Waals interaction associated with different oriented attachment growth systems involving 0D nanoparticles, 1D nanorods, 2D nanoplates and 3D nanostrucutres.
A simple SVS method for obtaining large-scale WO3 nanowire cold cathode emitters at atmospheric pressure and low temperature
Authors: Xu Zhuo , Liu Fei , Chen Daokun , Guo Tongyi , Jin Shunyu , Deng Shaozhi , Xu Ningsheng , Chen Jun
Published: November 2014

A novel SVS technique is used to prepare cathode WO3 nanowire arrays with excellent emission properties on a glass substrate.
Theoretical insight into hydrogen adsorption onto graphene: a first-principles B3LYP-D3 study
Authors: Darvish Ganji M. , Hosseini-khah S. M. , Amini-tabar Z.
Published: November 2014

This work investigates hydrogen adsorption onto graphene flakes as suitable models of graphene within the framework of the B3LYP-D3 method.
Predicting crystal structures and properties of matter under extreme conditions via quantum mechanics: the pressure is on
Authors: Zurek Eva , Grochala Wojciech
Published: November 2014

The role of quantum mechanical calculations in understanding and predicting the behavior of matter at extreme pressures is discussed in this feature contribution.
Mass analyzed threshold ionization detected infrared spectroscopy: isomerization activity of the phenol–Ar cluster near the ionization threshold
Authors: Miyazaki Mitsuhiko , Yoshikawa Shunpei , Michels François , Misawa Kentaro , Ishiuchi Shun-ichi , Sakai Makoto , Dopfer Otto , Müller-Dethlefs Klaus , Fujii Masaaki
Published: November 2014

A new spectroscopic method reveals the barrier and the crucial role of direct photoionization in the π → H site switching in phenol–Ar.
Kinetics of copper nanoparticle precipitation in phosphate glass: an isothermal plasmonic approach
Authors: Sendova Mariana , Jiménez José A. , Smith Robert , Rudawski Nicholas
Published: November 2014

The kinetics of copper nanoparticle (NP) precipitation in melt-quenched barium-phosphate glass has been studied byin situisothermal optical micro-spectroscopy.
Photo-induced dynamics of the heme centers in cytochrome bc1
Authors: Chauvet Adrien A. P. , Al Haddad André , Kao Wei-Chun , van Mourik Frank , Hunte Carola , Chergui Majed
Published: November 2014

The ultrafast response of cytochromebc1is investigated for the first time,viatransient absorption spectroscopy.
Cyclic voltammetry using silver as cathode material: a simple method for determining electro and chemical features and solubility values of CO2 in ionic liquids
Authors: Reche Irene , Gallardo Iluminada , Guirado Gonzalo
Published: November 2014

A report is presented on the use of cyclic voltammetry using silver as a working electrode as a facile methodology for establishing electrocatalytic and chemical properties of CO2 in ILs.
Correction: Ordered nanoparticle arrays interconnected by molecular linkers: electronic and optoelectronic properties
Authors: Liao Jianhui , Blok Sander , van der Molen Sense Jan , Diefenbach Sandra , Holleitner Alexander W. , Schönenberger Christian , Vladyka Anton , Calame Michel
Published: November 2014

Correction for ‘Ordered nanoparticle arrays interconnected by molecular linkers: electronic and optoelectronic properties' by Jianhui Liao et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2015, DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00225c.
Luminescent Re(i) terpyridine complexes for OLEDs: what does the DFT/TD-DFT probe reveal?
Authors: Velmurugan Gunasekaran , Venuvanalingam Ponnambalam
Published: November 2014

The electronic structure and spectroscopic properties of a series of rhenium(i) terpyridine complexes were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods.
The water energy food nexus – challenges and emerging solutions
Authors: Machell John , Prior Kevin , Allan Richard , Andresen John M.
Published: November 2014

Water, energy and food are the pillars upon which society can further advance. This note outlines some of the challenges and emerging solutions.
Sugar-coated: exopolysaccharide producing lactic acid bacteria for food and human health applications
Authors: Ryan P. M. , Ross R. P. , Fitzgerald G. F. , Caplice N. M. , Stanton C.
Published: November 2014

The human enteric microbiome represents a veritable organ relied upon by the host for a range of metabolic and homeostatic functions.
Renewable thermosetting resins and thermoplastics from vanillin
Authors: Harvey Benjamin G. , Guenthner Andrew J. , Meylemans Heather A. , Haines Shannon R. L. , Lamison Kevin R. , Groshens Thomas J. , Cambrea Lee R. , Davis Matthew C. , Lai William W.
Published: November 2014

New high temperature thermosetting resins and a thermoplastic polycarbonate have been synthesized from the renewable phenol vanillin.
When can ionic liquids be considered readily biodegradable? Biodegradation pathways of pyridinium, pyrrolidinium and ammonium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Deng Y. , Beadham I. , Ghavre M. , Costa Gomes M. F. , Gathergood N. , Husson P. , Légeret B. , Quilty B. , Sancelme M. , Besse-Hoggan P.
Published: November 2014

The biodegradation pathways of different classes of ionic liquids by Rhodococcus rhodochrous ATCC 29672 and an activated sludge showed metabolite accumulation.
Advanced LSI-based amperometric sensor array with light-shielding structure for effective removal of photocurrent and mode selectable function for individual operation of 400 electrodes
Authors: Inoue Kumi Y. , Matsudaira Masahki , Nakano Masanori , Ino Kosuke , Sakamoto Chika , Kanno Yusuke , Kubo Reyushi , Kunikata Ryota , Kira Atsushi , Suda Atsushi , Tsurumi Ryota , Shioya Toshihito , Yoshida Shinya , Muroyama Masanori , Ishikawa Tomohiro , Shiku Hitoshi , Satoh Shiro , Esashi Masayoshi , Matsue Tomokazu
Published: November 2014

We report an advanced type of LSI-based amperometric sensor array with an effective light shield.
Simultaneous metering and dispensing of multiple reagents on a passively controlled microdevice solely by finger pressing
Authors: Xu Kerui , Begley Matthew R. , Landers James P.
Published: November 2014

Finger-driven metering and delivery of multiple reagents using a structurally “stackable” fluidic circuit.
Thickness-tunable solvothermal synthesis of BiOCl nanosheets and their photosensitization catalytic performance
Authors: Tian Fan , Zhang Yafang , Li Guangfang , Liu Yunling , Chen Rong
Published: November 2014

BiOCl nanosheets with different thickness have been successfully synthesized via a solvothermal process with the mediation of metal ions (Fe3+, Co2+ and Na+) and exhibited thickness-dependent photosensitization activity for RhB degradation.
Stereodivergent synthesis of the LFA-1 antagonist BIRT-377 by porcine liver esterase desymmetrization and Curtius rearrangement
Authors: Johnson Aaron , Saunders Matthew J. , Back Thomas G.
Published: November 2014

BIRT-377 was synthesized by enzymatic desymmetrization in conjunction with Curtius rearrangement, affording a key α-quaternary amine intermediate in high ee.
Preparation of luminescent chemosensors by post-functionalization of vesicle surfaces
Authors: Müller Andreas , König Burkhard
Published: November 2014

A variety of luminescent chemosensors is obtained by post-functionalization of self-assembled phospholipid vesicles with receptor units ranging from metal complexes to aptamers.
N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed cyclocondensation of 2-aryl carboxylic acids and enones: highly enantioselective synthesis of δ-lactones
Authors: Cheng Jin-Tang , Chen Xiang-Yu , Ye Song
Published: November 2014

The NHC-catalyzed [4 + 2] cyclocondensation of 2-aryl carboxylic acids with enones was developed, giving δ-lactones in good yields with high enantioselectivities.
Red fluorescent cross-linked glycopolymer nanoparticles based on aggregation induced emission dyes for cell imaging
Authors: Wang Ke , Zhang Xiaoyong , Zhang Xiqi , Yang Bin , Li Zhen , Zhang Qingsong , Huang Zengfang , Wei Yen
Published: November 2014

Aggregation induced emission dye based cross-linked fluorescent glycopolymer nanoparticles with red emission: their synthesis, characterization and application for cell imaging.
Chromium-catalyzed transformations with Grignard reagents – new opportunities for cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Zeng Xiaoming , Cong Xuefeng
Published: November 2014

Recent advances in chromium-catalyzed cross-couplings of C–X and C–H bonds with Grignard reagents are highlighted.
Rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of multi-substituted furans from N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles bearing a tethered carbonyl group
Authors: Zhang Wen-Biao , Xiu Shi-Dong , Li Chuan-Ying
Published: November 2014

The efficient synthesis of highly functionalized furan derivatives from 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles with a pendent carbonyl group is reported. The process involves an intramolecular trapping of α-imino carbene and subsequent aromatization.
Luminescence and energy transfer of 432 nm blue LED radiation-converting phosphor Ca4Y6O(SiO4)6:Eu2+, Mn2+ for warm white LEDs
Authors: Li Panlai , Wang Zhijun , Guo Qinglin , Yang Zhiping
Published: November 2014

Warm white LEDs were fabricated by combining a 432 nm blue LED with a single-phase white emitting phosphor Ca4Y6O(SiO4)6:Eu2+, Mn2+.
The optimization of thermoelectric properties in a PEDOT:PSS thin film through post-treatment
Authors: Liu Siyao , Deng Hua , Zhao Yun , Ren Shijie , Fu Qiang
Published: November 2014

Our study shows that by combination of co-solvent and temperature of solvent post treatment method, the highest power factor of 37.05 μW mK−2 is obtained for PEDOT:PSS post-treated with DMSO at 120 °C.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a coffee-ring-type three-dimensional silver nanostructure
Authors: Hara R. , Fukuoka T. , Takahashi R. , Utsumi Y. , Yamaguchi A.
Published: November 2014

We demonstrated surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a coffee-ring-type three-dimensional silver nanostructure (Ag3D).
Tetraphenylethene end-capped [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine with aggregation-induced emission and large two-photon absorption cross-sections
Authors: Jiang Tao , Qu Yi , Li Bo , Gao Yuting , Hua Jianli
Published: November 2014

New two-photon absorption dyes (TPEPT1 and TPEPT2) were designed and synthesized. These materials show different 2PA properties and unique AIE effects, in which TPEPT1 with higher brightness was used to perform a cell-imaging proposal.
Characterization of chain conformations in perfluorosulfonic acid membranes using electron energy loss spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Chen , Duscher Gerd , Paddison Stephen J.
Published: November 2014

The side chain effects on the PTFE backbone conformation in the family of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers were first investigated with electron energy-loss spectroscopy and first principles calculations.
Biomilling of rod-shaped ZnO nanoparticles: a potential role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extracellular proteins
Authors: Sharan Chandrashekhar , Khandelwal Puneet , Poddar Pankaj
Published: November 2014

Break-down of chemically synthesized ZnO nanorods into small quasi-spherical ZnO NPs possibly due to the proteins secreted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Diterpenoid lanceolatins A–G from Cephalotaxus lanceolata and their anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities
Authors: He Yi-Ren , Shen Yun-Heng , Shan Lei , Yang Xi , Wen Bo , Ye Ji , Yuan Xing , Li Hui-Liang , Xu Xi-Ke , Zhang Wei-Dong
Published: November 2014

Seven new diterpenoids lanceolatins A–G (1–7)were isolated from the branches and leaves of Cephalotaxus lanceolata, and in vitro anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities were evaluated.
Room-temperature high-performance acetone gas sensor based on hydrothermal synthesized SnO2-reduced graphene oxide hybrid composite
Authors: Zhang Dongzhi , Liu Aiming , Chang Hongyan , Xia Bokai
Published: November 2014

In this paper, we demonstrated a room-temperature acetone gas sensor based on a tin dioxide (SnO2)-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) hybrid composite film.
Enhancement of the affinity of 2′-O-Me-oligonucleotides for complementary RNA by incorporating a stereoregulated boranophosphate backbone
Authors: Nukaga Yohei , Takemura Tetsuhiko , Iwamoto Naoki , Oka Natsuhisa , Wada Takeshi
Published: November 2014

P-stereodefined boranophosphate 2′-O-Me-oligoribonucleotides (2′-O-Me-PB-ORNs) were synthesized and we revealed that an all-(Sp)-PB-backbone largely stabilized the duplex with RNA.
Synthesis of Ag–Ni core–shell nanowires and their application in anisotropic transparent conductive films
Authors: Liu Bo-Tau , Huang Shao-Xian , Lai Mei-Feng , Wei Zung-Hang
Published: November 2014

Transparent conductive films with high anisotropic conductivity ratio (>105) were prepared from Ag–Ni core–shell nanowires by applying a magnetic field.
Ion-beam-irradiated solution-derived tin oxide films for liquid crystal orientation
Authors: Park Hong-Gyu , Jeong Hae-Chang , Park Tae-Kyu , Seo Dae-Shik
Published: November 2014

We present the alignment characteristics of liquid crystal (LC) molecules on solution-derived tin(iv) oxide (SnO2) films.
Laxiflorol A, the first example of 7,8:15,16-di-seco-15-nor-21-homo-ent-kauranoid from Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora
Authors: Wang Wei-Guang , Tang Jian-Wei , Shi Yi-Ming , Du Xue , Li Xiao-Nian , Wu Hai-Yan , Jiang Hua-Yi , Li Yan , Pu Jian-Xin , Sun Han-Dong
Published: November 2014

Laxiflorol A (1), an unprecedented 7,8:15,16-di-seco-15-nor-21-homo-ent-kauranoid, and its precursor analogue, laxiflorol B (2), were isolated from the leaves of Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora.
Two- and three-dimensional lanthanide-based coordination polymers assembled by the synergistic effect of various lanthanide radii and flexibility of a new binicotinate-containing ligand: in situ synthesis, structures, and properties
Authors: Ji Baoming , Deng Dongsheng , Ma Junying , Sun Chaowei , Zhao Bin
Published: November 2014

The design and synthesis of ten novel coordination polymers was investigated. They have three structural types from 3D to 2D due to the synergistic effect of lanthanide contraction with diverse coordination modes and conformations of the ligand.
Lipopeptide biosurfactant from Bacillus clausii BS02 using sunflower oil soapstock: evaluation of high throughput screening methods, production, purification, characterization and its insecticidal activity
Authors: Hazra Chinmay , Kundu Debasree , Chaudhari Ambalal
Published: November 2014

Production, purification and characterization of a lipopeptide biosurfactant (surfactin) fromBacillus clausiiBS02 for biocontrol activity against pulse beetles and mealybugs.
A continuous-flow synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepin-5-ones, privileged scaffolds for drug discovery
Authors: Viviano Monica , Milite Ciro , Rescigno Donatella , Castellano Sabrina , Sbardella Gianluca
Published: November 2014

A continuous-flow strategy to achieve the benzodiazepine privileged structure.
Reductive amination using a combination of CaH2 and noble metal
Authors: Guyon Carole , Da Silva Eric , Lafon Romain , Métay Estelle , Lemaire Marc
Published: November 2014

Amines were prepared by a reductive amination reaction in the presence of calcium hydride and Pt/C.
Ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer in face-to-face charge-transfer π-complexes of planar porphyrins and hexaazatriphenylene derivatives
Authors: Aoki Toru , Sakai Hayato , Ohkubo Kei , Sakanoue Tomo , Takenobu Taishi , Fukuzumi Shunichi , Hasobe Taku
Published: November 2014

We have successfully observed ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer in face-to-face charge-transfer π-complexes of planar porphyrins and hexaazatriphenylene derivatives.
Utilizing the electron transfer mechanism of chlorophyll a under light for controlled radical polymerization
Authors: Shanmugam Sivaprakash , Xu Jiangtao , Boyer Cyrille
Published: November 2014

We report an efficient photoinduced living radical polymerization process that involves the use of chlorophyll as the photoredox catalyst, which allows the preparation of well-defined polymers.
Controllable synthesis and in situ TEM study of lithiation mechanism of high performance NaV3O8 cathodes
Authors: Tao Xinyong , Wang Kuan , Wang Hongtao , Li Qianqian , Xia Yang , Huang Hui , Gan Yongping , Liang Chu , Zhang Wenkui
Published: November 2014

We report a controllable one-step calcination synthesis of NaV3O8 nanobelts, nanorods and microrods. In situ TEM characterization confirms the basic lithiation mechanism of NaV3O8 cathode materials.
Robust superhydrophobic TiO2@fabrics for UV shielding, self-cleaning and oil–water separation
Authors: Huang J. Y. , Li S. H. , Ge M. Z. , Wang L. N. , Xing T. L. , Chen G. Q. , Liu X. F. , Al-Deyab S. S. , Zhang K. Q. , Chen T. , Lai Y. K.
Published: November 2014

Multifunctional robust TiO2@fabrics with special wettability demonstrated potential applications for excellent UV shielding, effective self-cleaning, efficient oil–water separation and microfluidic management.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Stable phase domains of the TiO2–Ti3O5–Ti2O3–TiO–Ti(CxOy)–TiC system examined experimentally and via first principles calculations”’ by P. Pistorius and F. Fatollahi-Fard, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, DOI: 10.1039/c4ta04469j
Authors: Kim Jiwoong
Published: November 2014

This article contains a reply to the comment by Pistorius and Fatollahi-Fard.
CMK3/graphene-N-Co – a low-cost and high-performance catalytic system
Authors: Huang Xiang-Jun , Tang Yi-Guo , Yang Long-Fei , Chen Ping , Wu Qing-Sheng , Pan Zhen
Published: November 2014

The CMK3/G-N-Co catalytic system shows excellent catalytic ability in alkaline media for the oxygen reduction reaction and superior stability and tolerance to methanol poisoning effects compared to the Pt/C.
A membrane permeable fluorescent Ca2+probe based on bis-BODIPY with branched PEG
Authors: Duan Wenfeng , Wei Huimin , Cui Tengbo , Gao Baoxiang
Published: November 2014

The cellular uptake ofMPFCP-2is improved by the PEG encapsulation method, and thenMPFCP-2could pass through the cell membrane by itself, and monitor the changes of the intracellular Ca2+signal.
A G-triplex luminescent switch-on probe for the detection of mung bean nuclease activity
Authors: Ma Dik-Lung , Lu Lihua , Lin Sheng , He Bingyong , Leung Chung-Hang
Published: November 2014

A G-triplex luminescent switch-on probe for the detection of nuclease activity.
Highly efficient cuprous complexes with thermally activated delayed fluorescence and simplified solution process OLEDs using the ligand as host
Authors: Chen Xu-Lin , Lin Chen-Sheng , Wu Xiao-Yuan , Yu Rongming , Teng Teng , Zhang Qi-Kai , Zhang Qing , Yang Wen-Bing , Lu Can-Zhong
Published: November 2014

Two highly emissive cuprous complexes with TADF were synthesized. The ligand was used both as a ligand to form the emissive cuprous complex and as a host matrix for the formed emitter in a solution-processed OLED.
Lung epithelial NOX/DUOX and respiratory virus infections
Authors: Grandvaux Nathalie , Mariani Mélissa , Fink Karin
Published: November 2014

Determining the role of NADPH oxidases in the context of virus infection is an emerging area of research and our knowledge is still sparse. The expression of various isoforms of NOX/DUOX (NADPH oxidase/dual oxidase) in the epithelial cells (ECs) lining the respiratory tract renders them primary sites from which to orchestrate the host defence against respiratory viruses. Accumulating evidence reveals distinct facets of the involvement of NOX/DUOX in host antiviral and pro-inflammatory responses and in the control of the epithelial barrier integrity, with individual isoforms mediating co-operative, but surprisingly also opposing, functions. Although in vivo studies in mice are in line with some of these observations, a complete understanding of the specific functions of epithelial NOX/DUOX awaits lung epithelial-specific conditional knockout mice. The goal of the present review is to summarize our current knowledge of the role of individual NOX/DUOX isoforms expressed in the lung epithelium in the context of respiratory virus infections so as to highlight potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
Z‐transform for unconditional stable Crank‐Nicolson FDTD implementation of SC‐PML for dispersive Debye media
Authors: Li Jianxiong , Yu Yang , Zhao Xiaoming
Published: November 2014

A novel and unsplit‐field implementation of the stretched coordinate perfectly matched layer (SC‐PML) is proposed for truncating the one‐dimensional (1D) frequency dispersive first‐order Debye medium. These formulations are based on the unconditional stable Crank‐Nicolson scheme and the Z‐transform method. Numerical results validate the effectiveness and performance of this new PML.
Measurement and application of vertical inductors in high‐speed broadband circuit
Authors: Belfiore G. , Henker R. , Ellinger F.
Published: November 2014

The measurement results and a practical application of vertical inductors (VIs) are presented. VIs are on‐chip inductors designed to save chip area. In VI the spiral plane is oriented perpendicularly with respect to the substrate. An inductance of 318 pH with a self‐resonance frequency of 66.5 GHz is implemented in a 130 nm bipolar complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) technology and results are compared with three‐dimensional (3D) planar EM (ground–signal–ground) simulations. The inductance per unit area is 424 nH/mm2, more than 1.7 times higher than other simulated spiral horizontal inductors. Moreover, VIs have been applied in the design of a broadband amplifier leading to a 25% bandwidth enhancement.
Fast identification of Wiener‐Hammerstein systems using discrete optimisation
Authors: Schoukens M. , Vandersteen G. , Rolain Y. , Ferranti F.
Published: November 2014

A fast identification algorithm for Wiener‐Hammerstein systems is proposed. The computational cost of separating the front and the back linear time‐invariant (LTI) block dynamics is significantly improved by using discrete optimisation. The discrete optimisation is implemented as a genetic algorithm. Numerical results confirm the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach.
Classification of multilevel converters with a modular reduced structure: implementing a prominent 31‐level 5 kVA class B converter
Authors: Mojibian Mohammad Jafar , Tavakoli Bina Mohammad
Published: November 2014

Multilevel converters are capable of generating AC voltages with low‐total harmonic distortion, applicable to power system applications such as penetration of renewable sources in an active network. These types of topologies may require large number of switches and power supplies, having complex structures along with complicated control algorithms. Recently, a branch of multilevel converters is emerged, in which their ‘reduced structure’ topologies use lower number of devices compared to the available topologies. This study concentrates on classification of the branched ‘multilevel converters’ with a ‘reduced structure’ (MCRS) that lowers the number of semiconductor switches as well as their gate‐drivers. Then, these classified structures are compared in terms of their number of power supplies and switches, the number of gate‐drivers, breaking voltages of the switches and so on. This will pave the way for the introduction of a structure named B2 in the defined class B among the available MCRS topologies with the lowest number of power electronic devices; this structure is obtained by modifying the structure A2 in the defined class A. Moreover, design and simulation of a 31‐level converter is analysed under optimal number of DC sources for all named structures. A laboratory prototype was implemented that verifies operation and performance of the suggested structure B2.
Practical implementation of a silicon carbide‐based 300 kHz, 1.2 kW hard‐switching boost‐converter and comparative thermal performance evaluation
Authors: Kim Taekyun , Jang Minsoo , Agelidis Vassilios G.
Published: November 2014

Field experience shows that the vast majority of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy system failures are related to the power conditioning system (PCS). Among the principal reliability issues of PV PCSs are thermal management and heat extraction mechanisms. The study considers practical implementation of a DC–DC boost converter as a solar PV pre‐regulator in terms of thermal management, with comparative thermal performance evaluations of silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors and silicon (Si) metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs). Thermal performance evaluation of power semiconductors is based on a 1.2 kW DC–DC converter with: (i) various switching frequencies up to 300 kHz, in steps of 25 kHz; (ii) case temperatures from 25 to 150°C; and (iii) a natural convection heatsink with temperature increase rate of 0.5°C/W. Simulation and experimental results verify that losses from SiC semiconductors are low compared with Si MOSFETs. This provides an opportunity for designing a pre‐regulator DC–DC boost converter with less effort required for thermal management and enhanced reliability.
Model‐switched Gaussian sum cubature Kalman filter for attitude angle‐aided three‐dimensional target tracking
Authors: Zhang Kai , Shan Ganlin
Published: November 2014

Only target kinematic information is used in most conventional tracking systems, such as a radar or a sonar. Target attitude angles, which provide information about future trajectory curvature before radar measurement, can be used to improve tracking accuracy. The aim of this study is to track three‐dimensional (3D) target with attitude angles (yaw and pitch) and radar measurement. Target velocity variations in each coordinate under attitude angles are derived after motion analysis under yaw and pitch angles separately. Then tracking models, the state vector of which includes attitude angles, are presented for target tracking. Targeting at non‐zero mean characteristics of attitude measurement, and based on analysing Gaussian sum filter (GSF) and cubature Kalman filter (CKF), a Gaussian sum CKF (GSCKF) is presented to improve the filtering ability of non‐linear non‐Gaussian systems. Meanwhile, tracking models with different attitude components are established according to the changing law during target motion, and manoeuvering attitude angles are estimated through model switch. A comparison of performance with and without the use of attitude angles shows the benefits of attitude angle‐aided 3D target tracking. Simulation results of GSFs with different sub‐filters demonstrate that the performance of the presented GSCKF has improved over conventional GSFs.
Waveform diversity for ultra‐wide band surveillance radars
Authors: Davis Mark E. , Pillai S. Unnikrishna
Published: November 2014

The radio frequency spectrum has become very crowded with the increased use of commercial and personal communications devices. The worldwide spectrum committees require extreme measures to insure frequency avoidance by radar systems, to insure communications are maintained for emergency systems and flight safety. Radars operating in the frequency bands below 2 GHz have limited spectrum allocation, and are asking for more bandwidth for detection and localisation of earth resource and military uses. Hence, the radar community needs to adopt the techniques from cognitive radars to continue to provide the needed detection and characterisation of objects under concealing cover. This survey study attempts to provide an assessment for future research.
Evolution in changing environments: Modifiers of mutation, recombination, and migration
Authors: Carja Oana , Liberman Uri , Feldman Marcus W.
Published: November 2014

Significance

Environmental variability is known to promote the evolution of mechanisms that increase phenotypic diversity. The evolution of recombination, mutation, and migration, which endow a population with the needed genetic and phenotypic variability, has been a focus of study in population genetics for more than five decades. Theoretical approaches have focused on conditions for the evolution of recombination, mutation, and migration when environments change periodically and with symmetric selection pressures. Here we extend these models to incorporate random and asymmetric selection. We compare and contrast how fluctuating selection affects the stable rates of these three evolutionary forces and highlight surprising similarities in their evolution under fluctuating selection. This study offers insights into the role of environmental duration, shape, and randomness in predicting the long-term evolutionary advantage of recombination, mutation, and migration.
Is a general theory of utterance interpretation really possible?
Authors: Gibbs Raymond W.
Published: November 2014

How realistic is it to assume that psychologists, linguists, philosophers and others may someday be able to construct a general theory of utterance interpretation? Over the past 50 years, scholars have uncovered a tremendous amount about the processes and products of human language understanding. We have proposed a huge assortment of theories to explain how very specific types of utterances may be interpreted (e.g., syntactically ambiguous expressions, figurative language, pragmatic implicatures), with some of us working hard to articulate more comprehensive theories that could be applicable to all aspects of utterance interpretation. Yet the empirical data reveals many complexities that, on the surface, make some doubt whether a general theory of utterance interpretation is a feasible possibility. This paper describes some of these complexities in the empirical literature, focusing on figurative language use. I go on to argue that language scholars must embrace the diverse ways that people use and understand utterances and suggest concrete steps that we all should take if we are to one day find a more general theory, one which is perhaps tied to how people engage in any intentional action.
The importance of being indirect
Authors: Terkourafi Marina
Published: November 2014

Standard accounts of indirect speech share two assumptions: that indirect speech always has a direct alternative, and that it is strategic. I survey a number of cases that challenge one or both of these assumptions and propose a new nomenclature for indirect speech that crucially includes, in addition to cases where indirect speech is strategic, cases where it is ‘enabling.’ The enabling potential of indirect speech lies in allowing us to give voice to thoughts or experiences that may be possible to express propositionally only in part. In such cases, the speaker does not start off with a direct alternative in mind but rather uses speech to invite the hearer to help her develop an inchoate thought. Including these cases under the same scheme allows us to consider ways other than recognition of the speaker’s intention in which indirect meanings may arise, such as through shared experience and the interlocutors’ habitus. The proposed nomenclature thus yields a multi-faceted view of indirect speech that goes beyond its current, formally driven, understanding.
A truth that’s told with bad intent
Authors: Meibauer Jörg
Published: November 2014

In recent years, a lively debate has emerged about the question of correctly defining lying. Two strands of argumentation have evolved in the philosophy of language: First, the idea that lying is not necessarily connected to an intention of the speaker to deceive the hearer (e.g., Carson 2010); second, the idea that there is a fundamental distinction between lying and mere misleading (e.g., Saul 2012). This paper deals with both assumptions from the vantage point of the semantics-pragmatics interface and relates them to the question of how it is possible to lie while drawing on implicit content of an utterance. It is argued that lying necessarily involves an intention to deceive and that many cases of misleading are either cases of misunderstanding or cases of untruthful implicature (Meibauer 2014a).
A cross-cultural study of metaphoric imagery in Shakespeare’sMacbeth
Authors: Ghanooni Ali Reza
Published: November 2014

Metaphor is an important literary device, and its translation poses the challenge of switching between different cultural, conceptual, and linguistic frames of reference. This study uses cross-cultural comparison to investigate the metaphoric imagery used in six translations of Shakespeare’sMacbethinto three languages: French, Italian, and Persian. To accomplish the aims of the study, metaphoric images in this play were identified in the source and target texts and then subjected to comparative analysis using Newmark’s categorization of strategies for translating metaphors. After analyzing the translations in the above-mentioned languages, it became apparent that all the translators, including the two Persian translators, tended to retain the same metaphoric images as in the source text. This is somewhat surprising given the greater linguistic and cultural distance between English and Persian. The findings suggest that the literal treatment of metaphors — and not their explicitation — may be a translation universal, at least in regard to canonical texts.
Questioning translation readers
Authors: Zhong Yong
Published: November 2014

Many claims have been made in translation studies regarding foreignization and domestication, but few empirical studies have been conducted to test those claims. Against this background, a survey was conducted to investigate the impact of foreignized and domesticated translations on three groups of Chinese readers. This study was conducted in two mainland Chinese cities (Beijing and Guangzhou) and one Taiwanese city (Douliou), including a total of 143 readers responding to two renditions of an English source text, one foreignized and one domesticated. The responses were then analyzed to determine the reader’s perception of the text in relation to the concepts of foreignization and domestication. Likewise, the responses were analyzed to determine whether the location of the study had an impact on the respondent’s answers. This paper presents findings of the study and concludes with a number of reflections on the now common concepts of “foreignization” and “domestication.”
Translation policy in the media
Authors: Haddadian-Moghaddam Esmaeil , Meylaerts Reine
Published: November 2014

Although Persian is the official language in Iran, legal provisions are available for the use of minority languages in the media. Recent scholarship describes ‘Persianization’ as the ‘building block’ of language policy, overlooking the use of minority languages in official media. This paper examines the scope of this minority language provision in the television programs broadcasted by the state in Kurdistan. It illustrates the use of translation and bilingualism working alongside official monolingualism, calling into question the issue of Persianization. The article first describes the use of non-Persian languages in Iranian state media and shows their proportion vis-a-vis official Persian. Second, it examines the use of Kurdish and the weight of translation in the television programs under study. Advocating translational justice, the paper calls for a clear translation policy and more translation to be offered for programs broadcasted for Kurdish minorities to ensure equal access to media.
Face-Space: A Unifying Concept in Face Recognition Research
Authors: Valentine Tim , Lewis Michael B. , Hills Peter J.
Published: November 2014

The concept of a multidimensional psychological space, in which faces can be represented according to their perceived properties, is fundamental to the modern theorist in face processing. Yet the idea was not clearly expressed until 1991. The background that led to the development of face-space is explained, and its continuing influence on theories of face processing is discussed. Research that has explored the properties of the face-space and sought to understand caricature, including facial adaptation paradigms, is reviewed. Face-space as a theoretical framework for understanding the effect of ethnicity and the development of face recognition is evaluated. Finally, two applications of face-space in the forensic setting are discussed. From initially being presented as a model to explain distinctiveness, inversion, and the effect of ethnicity, face-space has become a central pillar in many aspects of face processing. It is currently being developed to help us understand adaptation effects with faces. While being in principle a simple concept, face-space has shaped, and continues to shape, our understanding of face perception.