bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creating an Online Interprofessional Collaborative Team Simulation to Overcome Common Barriers of Interprofessional Education / Eine internetbasierte, interprofessionelle Teamsimulation zur Überwindung organisatorischer Hürden in der interprofessionellen Ausbildung
Authors: Kramer-Jackman Kelli Lee , Sabata Dory , Gibbs Heather , Bielby Judy , Bucheit Jessie , Bloom Sarah , Shrader Sarah
Published: September 2017

Introduction

Coordinating student schedules, physical space, and faculty time are commonly reported barriers to successful interprofessional education. Use of online technologies to overcome these barriers and support online team simulation is a topic that deserves serious academic review.

Methods

The Interprofessional Plan of Care - Simulated E-hEalth Delivery System (IPOC-SEEDS) is a student-directed online simulation where students experience a collaborative plan of care meeting with simultaneous team electronic health record utilization. The authors describe the IPOC-SEEDS simulation to serve as a model for replication or modification. IPOC-SEEDS objectives address Interprofessional Education Collaborative competencies (IPEC), electronic health record (EHR) navigation, simulation effectiveness, and technology utilization.

Results

Overall, IPOC-SEEDS objectives were effectively met through simulation evaluations, student-led debriefing evaluations, in-person student feedback, and faculty feedback results supporting the online simulation and technology evolutions. The objectives, based on IPEC and informatics competencies, were achieved. Students from nursing, nutrition, pharmacy, occupational therapy, and health information management participated in the simulation using EHR and online meeting software, receiving valuable interprofessional practice. Technology utilization results were adequate, but did improve in subsequent simulations after modifying the technology selected.

Discussion

The simulation provided an experience where students demonstrated interprofessional collaborative skills that they can use in their future practice. Online technologies can provide a platform for the high-quality interprofessional simulation to address common interprofessional education barriers and provide access to interprofessional education for distance-learning students and providers. Online simulation developers (hospitals, health departments, universities) can use the authors’ process steps as a model for online simulation replication.
Effects of pushed production of single words and multiword patterns on L2 oral fluency: Some evidence from temporal measurements
Authors: Chan Hang
Published: September 2017

The contribution of formulaic sequences (FSs) to native speaker fluency is uncontroversial, but their contribution to L2 fluency is often assumed. These units package both meaning and form in an entire unit and facilitatebothconceptualization and formulation of speech. These are the ‘fluency assumptions’ of these FSs. This study asks if the ‘fluency assumptions’ of FSs can be imitated in classroom settings by pushing learners to use common multiword (MW) patterns to achieve a kind of ‘instruction-enhanced L2 fluency’. It also compares the outcome with the teaching of single words (SWs). Learners’ (a) temporal fluency and (b) fluency at the levels of conceptualizing and formulating speech were assessed. Towell, R., R. Hawkins & N. Bazergui. 1996. The development of fluency in advanced learners of French.Applied Linguistics17 (1). 84–119, avant-garde approach to analyzing fluency was drawn on in the discussion of the results. Broadly, instructing MW patterns and SWs sped up formulation processes but made demands on speech conceptualization, and there existed other subtle differences.
Presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in slaughterhouse environment, pigs, carcasses, and workers
Authors: Ivbule Meldra , Miklaševičs Edvīns , Čupāne Liene , Bērziņa Laima , Bālinš Andris , Valdovska Anda
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a highly resistant and difficult to cure zoonotic microorganism, which makes up a large part of food toxic infections and has shown high prevalence among pig population all over the world. The aim of the study was to establish the occurrence of MRSA in slaughterhouses, evaluate its antimicrobial resistance, and verify whether there are any differences or similarities with reference to other European countries. Material and Methods: A total of 100 pigs, 105 carcasses, 19 workers, and 24 samples from the environment of several slaughterhouses were examined by conventional microbial and molecular methods. Results: In total, 78 MRSA isolates were found. MRSA prevalence in slaughtered pigs varied from 8.0% to 88.6% depending on the slaughterhouse, reaching higher prevalence in slaughterhouses with higher slaughter capacity. In total, 21.1% of all workers were carriers of MRSA and 6.7% of carcasses were contaminated with MRSA. The 98.2% of MRSA isolates were resistant to penicillin, 89.1% to tetracycline, 60.1% to erythromycin, 65.5% to gentamycin, and 15 different spa types were found, among which spa type t01333 was most widespread. Conclusion: The study indicated that MRSA prevalence and spa types differed according to slaughterhouse slaughter capacity and good hygiene practices. Quite high MRSA occurrence among slaughterhouse workers is one of the main factors which increase pork contamination risk.
Selenium, copper, and zinc concentrations in the raw and processed meat of edible land snails harvested in Poland
Authors: Drozd Łukasz , Ziomek Monika , Szkucik Krzysztof , Paszkiewicz Waldemar , Maćkowiak-Dryka Monika , Bełkot Zbigniew , Gondek Michał
Published: September 2017

Introduction: The objective of the present research was to carry out a comparative assessment of copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations in the meat of edible land snails collected in Poland (Helix pomatia, Cornu aspersum maxima, and Cornu aspersum aspersum), as well as to determine the effect of preliminary processing of Roman snails (Helix pomatia) on the content of the aforementioned elements. Material and Methods: In the first stage, determinations were made on unprocessed snail meat. In the second stage, the study focused on Roman snails and consisted in an additional evaluation of frozen meat after full processing. Zinc and copper contents were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and the selenium content was established by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The selenium content differed significantly among all three species. The copper content in Roman snails differed significantly from that in farmed snails. No significant difference in the zinc level was noted among the three snail species. The selenium content in raw and processed meat of Roman snails did not show any significant difference while the copper and zinc level was significantly higher in processed meat samples. Conclusion: The present research on the meat of edible snails showed different levels of selenium, copper, and zinc, depending on the species, collection site, and subjection to processing.
Metaldehyde poisoning of companion animals: a three-year retrospective study
Authors: Roma Antonella De , Miletti Gianluca , D’Alessio Nicola , Rossini Carmela , Vangone Lucia , Galiero Giorgio , Esposito Mauro
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Intentional and accidental poisoning of animals is often caused by readily available commercial pesticides, such as the molluscicide metaldehyde. A retrospective analysis of suspected metaldehyde poisonings between 2014 and 2016 in Italy was conducted. Material and Methods: Biological matrices were collected for toxicological analyses in the course of routine Institute activity. A total of 183 organs from dogs and cats and 49 pieces of bait, here specificall y poisoned food used to lure animals, were analysed and the presence of metaldehyde was confirmed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results: A high content of metaldehyde was demonstrated in the analysed samples from dogs and cats: 50 (27.3%) animals were found positive for metaldehyde intoxication together with 17 pieces of bait. Conclusion: The study emphasised the need for the control of metaldehyde use by the veterinary service.
Comparison of albendazole cytotoxicity in terms of metabolite formation in four model systems
Authors: Radko Lidia , Minta Maria , Jedziniak Piotr , Stypuła-Trębas Sylwia
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Albendazole is used to treat endoparasitic diseases in animals and humans. After oral administration, it is quickly oxidised into its pharmacologically active metabolite albendazole sulfoxide and then to sulfone. However, it is not clear which compound is responsible for toxic effects towards mammalian cells. Material and Methods: The model systems comprised cultures of isolated rat hepatocytes, two hepatoma cell lines (FaO, HepG2), and non-hepatic Balb/c 3T3 line. Cells were exposed for 24, 48, and 72 h to eight concentrations of albendazole ranging from 0.05 to 100 μg/mL. At all three time points cytotoxic effects were assessed by MTT assay and metabolites in the culture media were determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Results: The effective concentrations EC50-72h showed that Balb/c 3T3 cells were the most sensitive to albendazole (0.2 ±0.1 μg/mL) followed by FaO (1.0 ±0.4 μg/mL), and HepG2 (6.4 ±0.1 μg/mL). In the case of isolated hepatocytes this value could not be attained up to the highest concentration used. Chemical analysis revealed that the concentrations of albendazole in hepatocytes and HepG2 and FaO culture media gradually decreased with incubation time, while the concentrations of its metabolites increased. The metabolism in isolated hepatocytes was dozens of times greater than in HepG2 and FaO cells. Two metabolites (albendazole sulfoxide, albendazole sulfone) were detected in isolated hepatocytes and HepG2 culture medium, one (albendazole sulfoxide) in FaO culture medium and none in Balb/c 3T3. Conclusion: The obtained data indicate that metabolism of albendazole leads to its detoxification. The lower cytotoxic potential of metabolites was confirmed in the independent experiments in this study.
OvSynch protocol and its modifications in the reproduction management of dairy cattle herds – an update
Authors: Nowicki Arkadiusz , Barański Wojciech , Baryczka Agnieszka , Janowski Tomasz
Published: September 2017

Current knowledge about the function of the reproductive tract and appropriate use of hormonal drugs affords control of the oestrus cycle of cows. One of the hormonal protocols is OvSynch, which enables artificial insemination (AI) to be performed at the precise optimum time without control of the ovaries and uterus. Use of such protocols in reproductive management allows oestrus cycles to be synchronised and cows to be effectively inseminated without oestrous detection, which is time-consuming and difficult in farms with numerous cows. Therefore, OvSynch has become the first management tool for AI and is an alternative method to heat detection. Over the 20 years since its first implementation, OvSynch has been modified many times to improve its reproduction outcomes and widen its use. Besides its original use for heat synchronisation, it is also used in many ovarian disorders as a therapeutic method. This review article describes the possibilities which OvSynch provides, its current modifications, various applications, and the advantages and disadvantages of its use in practice.
Prevalence of the main infectious causes of abortion in dairy cattle in Algeria
Authors: Derdour Salima-Yamina , Hafsi Fella , Azzag Naouelle , Tennah Safia , Laamari Abdelouahab , China Bernard , Ghalmi Farida
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Abortion in cattle is a major source of economic losses for the agriculture sector. It can be due to infectious or non-infectious factors. Among infectious factors, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and fungi can be involved. The present work investigated the prevalence of the main infectious agents of abortion in Algerian cattle. Material and Methods: Altogether 278 non-aborting and 82 aborting cows were analysed. Results: The prevalence ranged from 0% for Tritrichomonas foetus to 15% for Neospora caninum. Additionally, a case-control study was performed to find the association between the presence of the pathogens and the occurrence of abortion in cows. The odds ratios were significant for Neospora caninum, bovine herpes virus 4, BVD virus, Brucella abortus, Salmonella Dublin, Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo, and Coxiella burnetii. Conclusions: The pathogens enumerated here could be major causes of abortion among Algerian cattle.
DON-induced changes in bone homeostasis in mink dams
Authors: Tomaszewska Ewa , Dobrowolski Piotr , Muszyński Siemowit , Kostro Krzysztof , Taszkun Iwona , Żmuda Andrzej , Blicharski Tomasz , Hułas-Stasiak Monika
Published: September 2017

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanical and geometric properties as well as bone tissue and mineral density of long bones in mink dams exposed to deoxynivalenol (DON) since one day after mating, throughout gestation (ca. 46 d) and lactation to pelt harvesting. Material and Methods: Thirty clinically healthy multiparous minks (Neovison vison) of the standard dark brown type were used. After the mating, the minks were randomly assigned into two equal groups: nontreated control group and DON group fed wheat contaminated naturally with DON at a concentration of 1.1 mg·kg-1of feed. Results: The final body weight and weight and length of the femur did not differ between the groups. However, DON contamination decreased mechanical endurance of the femur. Furthermore, DON reduced the mean relative wall thickness and vertical wall thickness of the femur, while vertical cortical index, midshaft volume, and cross-sectional moment of inertia increased. Finally, DON contamination did not alter bone tissue density, bone mineral density, or bone mineral content, but decreased the values of all investigated structural and material properties. Conclusion: DON at applied concentration probably intensified the process of endosteal resorption, which was the main reason for bone wall thinning and the weakening of the whole bone.
Linguistic landscapes and the sociolinguistics of language vitality in multilingual contexts of Zambia
Authors: Banda Felix , Jimaima Hambaba
Published: September 2017

The article illustrates a sociolinguistics of language vitality that accounts for ‘minority’ and unofficial languages across multiple localities in dispersed communities of multilingual speakers of Zambia where only seven out of seventy-three indigenous languages have been designated official and ‘zoned’ for use in specified regions. Using signage and narratives of place from selected rural and urban centres of the City of Lusaka and the City of Livingstone, we show how minority and non-official languages (some of which are unofficial and minor in region, but official in other regions) come to be part of the semiotic landscapes and social narratives of place outside legislated language ‘zones’. We problematize intergenerational language vitality and endangerment frameworks and notions of linguistic performative identities and reciprocal bilingualism to suggest that the presence of ‘out of place’ languages in dispersed communities of speakers in multiple localities is indicative of the vitality of the languages concerned. We conclude that language revitalisation frameworks need to consider alternative ways of language transmission focusing on mobile
Synthesis and crystal structure of tetrakis(μ2-methanolato)-dimethanol-bis(μ2-2-acetyl-1,3-bis(3,5-dibromo-2-oxidophenyl)propane-1,3-bis(olato)-κ5
O
1,O
2,O
3:O
3,O
4,O
5)tetramanganese(III), C40H40Br8Mn4O16
Authors: Zhao Ji-Xing , Zhao Li , Li Peng-Peng , Zhu Zhao-Bin , An Qin-Qin , Wang Fei
Published: September 2017

C40H40Br8Mn4O16, triclinic, P1̅, a = 9.3446(11) Å, b = 11.6799(11) Å, c = 12.5833(16) Å, α = 70.937(10)°, β = 76.049(11)°, γ = 80.984(9)°, V = 1255.2(3) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0641, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1246, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of tris(cyano-(hydrogen tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate))-iron(III) 4-methoxypyridinium monohydrate, C24H32BN10O2Fe
Authors: Ni Zhong-Hai , Sun Hao
Published: September 2017

C24H32BN10O2Fe, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 19.053(4) Å, b = 9.0666(18) Å, c = 16.439(3) Å, V = 2839.8(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0482, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1194, T = 123(2) K.
The pseudosymmetric crystal structure of 2-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-nitro-2H-1-benzopyran, C38H26N2O6
Authors: Hong Zhi , Zhan Yan-Li , Yu Dang-Ran , Li Ying , Yuan Wen-Jia , Zhang Hong-Yu
Published: September 2017

C19H13NO3, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.4457(6) Å, b = 11.0520(7) Å, c = 14.6746(9) Å, α = 100.779(1)°, β = 102.738(1)°, γ = 93.065(1)°, V = 1460.68(16) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0410, wRref(F
2) = 0.0911, T = 291 K.
Crystal structure of 2-benzoyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarbonitrile, C19H14N2O2
Authors: You Changming , Wang Changqing
Published: September 2017

C19H14N2O2, monoclinic C2/c (no. 15), a = 19.8907(8) Å, b = 12.0860(5) Å, c = 15.5260(7) Å, β = 120.588(1)°, V = 3213.06(20) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0504, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1426, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 1-methyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-ium poly[aqua-bis(μ2-perchlorato-κ3
O,O′:O′′)sodium], C7H17Cl2N2NaO9
Authors: Liu Mei-Ying
Published: September 2017

C7H17Cl2N2NaO9, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 13.907(3) Å, b = 10.927(2) Å, c = 19.194(4) Å, V = 2916.8(10) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0472, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1129, T = 298 K.
Crystal structure of bis(N,N,N-ethyldimethylethanaminium) bis(heptaselenido-κ
2
Se
1,Se
7)palladate(II), C12H32N2PdSe14
Authors: Kim Kang-Woo , Wang Di
Published: September 2017

C12H32N2PdSe14, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.2236(9) Å, b = 15.1503(14) Å, c = 12.2198(12) Å, β = 109.683(2)°, V = 1607.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0397, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0958, T = 173 K.
Greimasean phenomenology and beyond: From isotopy to time consciousness
Authors: Sonesson Göran
Published: September 2017

En dépit des apparences, la véritable rencontre entre la phénoménologie husserlienne et la sémiotique de l’École de Paris n’a pas encore eu lieu. Dans cet article, je suggère qu’en adoptant des idées de la phénoménologie, dont beaucoup ont obtenuune nouvelle actualité grâce aux sciences cognitives contemporaines, on peut retenir la formalité fondamentale de la théorie, sans céder à aucune tendance réductionniste. Après une analyse rapide de la phénoménologie cachée dans l’œuvre de Hjelmslev, qui constitue la source d’inspiration fondamentale de Greimas, nous allonsentrer plus profondément dans une considération de la notion greimasienne d’isotopie, l’interprétant comme une contrepartie de la notion de schéma, dont on connait l’histoire fournie dans la psychologie et la phénoménologie, avant sa brève heure de gloire dans les sciences cognitives. L’avantage fondamental de la notion de schéma, en comparaison à celle d’isotopie, consiste dans le fait que la première est structurée, tandis que la seconde ne l’est pas; en particulier, que la première est temporellement structurée, ce qui signifie qu’elle peut aussi être organiséede différentes manières. Cela nous conduit à la proposition que le schéma, en tant que terme successeur de l’isotopie, est susceptible de faire une contribution, non seulement à l’analyse de la vie quotidienne des êtres humains, mais aussi à celle de l’évolution de l’espèce humaine.
Correlation of Salt Sensitivity, Plasma Renin Activity and Aldosterone in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Tasic Nebojsa , Tasic Danijela , Dragisic Dalibor , Mitrovic Miroslav
Published: September 2017

Plasma-renin values vary in normotensive and hypertensive populations. Some studies consider renin to be a key factor in the aetiology of hypertension, but other studies note that renin is an important factor in cardiovascular homeostasis and functions more as a growth factor than as a pressor hormone. The aim of this study was to assess the PRA and aldosterone values under different salt intake regimes in patients with essential hypertension. The study group consisted of 50 untreated patients (27 women and 23 men; average age 42±9,2 yrs.; average BMI 27,91±4,6 kg/m2) with essential hypertension. All patients were put on a high-sodium diet (200 mmol NaCl per day) for one week after a week on a low-sodium diet (20 mmol NaCl per day). Sodium sensitivity (SS) was defined as a 10-mmHg increase in the mean blood pressure at the end of the high- vs. the low-sodium diet. The SS group consisted of 26 patients, and the sodiuminsensitive group consisted of 24 patients. The PRA and aldosterone levels were determined in 12 patients. PRA values in the SS group during rest were significantly lower compared with the salt-resistant group during all regimes of salt intake (F=10,56, p=0,0012). Salt loading in SS patients causes a significant decrease in PRA (in rest and effort) values in comparison to values during a low salt intake regime (rest: t=4,49, p<0,001; effort: t=3,45, p<0,01). The PRA values in the salt-resistant group did not vary significantly under the different salt intake regimes. The aldosterone values followed the pattern of the PRA values. It is necessary to distinguish investigations on salt intake effects based on incidence and value of blood pressure and investigations on salt restriction’s effects on of blood pressure levels (i.e., non-pharmacological hypertension therapy).
Differentiation of journal bearing friction states and friction intensities based on feature extraction methods applied on acoustic emission signals
Authors: Mokhtari Noushin , Rahbar Farid , Gühmann Clemens
Published: September 2017

For diagnosis and predictive maintenance of mechatronic systems, monitoring of bearings is essential. An important building block for this is the determination of the bearing friction condition. This paper deals with the possibility of monitoring different journal bearing friction states, such as mixed and fluid friction, and examines a new approach to distinguish between different friction intensities under several speed and load combinations based on feature extraction and feature selection methods applied on acoustic emission (AE) signals. The aim of this work is to identify separation effective features of AE signals to subsequently classify the journal bearing friction states. Furthermore, the acquired features give information about the mixed friction intensity, which is significant for remaining useful lifetime (RUL) prediction. Time domain features as well as features in the frequency domain have been investigated in this work. The combination of several features generates feature spaces. The position of the objects within these spaces has proved that it is possible to differentiate between journal bearing friction states with the use of AE signals and suitable feature extraction methods. In addition, features that indicate different mixed friction intensities have been found.
Automatisierung des "DMT Balanciertests rückwärts" mit der Kinect für Windows V2
Authors: Mignanelli Laura , Nashawati Ilham , Bauer Georg , Rembe Christian , Krüsemann Horst , Semmler Regina
Published: September 2017

The DMT (Deutschen Motorik Tests) investigate the current motor abilities, which are related to health and athletic physical activity, of children and youths. The aim of this work is the development of a suitable computer-controlled measuring station, which allows a simple and objective data collection of the performance of the kinesiology task of the balancing backward of the DMT. In this task, the child has to balance backward on three beams with different widths (6 cm, 4.5 cm and 3 cm) and a length of 3 m. The test starts on a board in front of the beam. The number of steps has to be counted till the subject touches the floor. The automated recording of measured values was investigated by various measuring methods, for example, acceleration, force sensors and gyroscopes . We propose a solution using the Kinect for Windows V2 for the data acquisition, which reduces personnel and time expenditure. We developed an algorithm to count the steps and to detect the floor contact, which leads to the end of the test.
Tiefenmessung mithilfe einer Kamera mit programmierbarer Apertur
Authors: Nürnberg Thomas , Weinreuter Hannes , León Fernando Puente
Published: September 2017

Beim Computational Imaging wird die traditionelle Optik einer Kamera angepasst und damit das Lichtsignal noch vor der Digitalisierung beeinflusst. Ein Problem dabei ist der hohe Aufwand einer nachträglichen Anpassung der optischen Komponenten, weshalb derartige Kameras nur sehr spezifisch eingesetzt werden können. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Kamera untersucht, die anstelle einer mechanischen Apertur ein transparentes Flüssigkristalldisplay nutzt. Aufgrund der einfachen Anpassbarkeit der optischen Übertragungsfunktion kann eine derartige Kamera flexibel eingesetzt und auf wechselnde Umgebungsbedingungen eingestellt werden. Die Leistungsfähigkeit der Kamera wird am Beispiel der Tiefenmessung nach dem Depth-from-Defocus-Prinzip untersucht. Der dafür entworfene Algorithmus beruht auf dem Vergleich des beobachteten Leistungsdichtespektrums mit der eingestellten Form der Apertur, um die Skalierung der Punkverschmierungsfunktion anhand eines Einzelbildes zu bestimmen. Die Auswertung einer Testszene zeigt, dass sich mit der Kamera mit programmierbarer Apertur bisherige Simulationsergebnisse reproduzieren lassen und somit Objektentfernungen aus Einzelbildern zuverlässig ermittelt werden können.
Uso de la permutación con repetición como enseñanza de experimentos binomiales / Use of repetitive permutation as binomial experiment teaching
Authors: Boada Antonio
Published: September 2017

Mediante este artículo, se expone al lector dos (2) formas de enseñanza para los Experimentos Bernoulli “Éxito – Fracaso”, consolidadas en la Distribución Probabilística Binomial y explicados desde dos (2) concepciones de conteo: con repetición y sin repetición. La Distribución Binomial, concebida como una distribución probabilística discreta de éxitos y fracasos (experimentos de Bernoulli), presenta su característica más importante en el conteo de escenarios, determinado por una expresión que diversos autores han determinado como número combinatorio sin repetición, cuando es factible exponerlo también como una permutación con repetición en dos (2) escenarios, de éxito y fracaso. La coincidencia numérica entre el uso de la permutación con repetición y el número combinatorio sin repetición, resulta interesante de analizar, propiciando argumentos explicativos que pudieran apoyar al docente para dos contextos de enseñanza – aprendizaje para la Distribución Binomial; por un lado, el método tradicional de número combinatorio sin repetición, en una distribución probabilística con sucesos independientes; y por el otro mediante un método de conteo análogo a la Distribución Probabilística Multinomial y que expone un proceso de enlace entre los ensayos independientes Bernoulli, mediante el conteo de los eventos del espacio muestral mediante una permutación con repetición, particularizado para el caso de 2 escenarios complementarios (éxito y fracaso). Es por ello, que todo educador, debe conocer y manejar ambos contextos de enseñanza – aprendizaje para la Distribución Binomial, a fin de potenciar las estrategias pedagógicas necesarias para contemplar la teoría combinatoria con repetición o con reemplazo, mediante la opción de permutaciones con repetición en caso de ser requerida.
Our fourth Lascaux
Authors: James N.
Published: September 2017

World's most famous archaeological replica, Lascaux II was replaced in December 2016 by Lascaux IV. IV deserves to inherit the reputation, but it is already struggling to cope as it seeks to outdo II's tally of visitors. The ironies are manifold.
Archaeology, archaeozoology and the study of pastoralism in the Near East
Authors: Çakırlar Canan
Published: September 2017

Sheep and goat herding, the basis of pastoralism in the Near East, has been integral to the social organisation, diet, economy, religion and environment of the region since the beginnings of animal domestication. Interestingly, this omnipresent factor of life in the Near East has not been a popular topic of enquiry in its own right amongst archaeologists—of course, they deal with pastoralism in one way or another, but they mostly manage to keep the herder separate from the king. Instead, the study of pastoralism in this region has been largely the domain of archaeozoologists who study the sheep, goat and indeterminate ‘sheep/goat’ bones that dominate Near Eastern faunal assemblages from the Early Holocene onwards (the notorious difficulty of distinguishing sheep and goat bones led archaeozoologists to invent the sheep/goat, now an official taxon in the Encyclopedia of Life no less! http://eol.org).
The case for computational modelling of the Roman economy: a reply to Van Oyen
Authors: Brughmans Tom , Poblome Jeroen
Published: September 2017

We thank Astrid Van Oyen for a highly constructive and important discussion piece that will improve our own future work, as well as that of others. We wish to elaborate on one issue: that formalist approaches do not necessarily have inherently modernist theoretical assumptions.
The first Middle Palaeolithic site exhibiting obsidian industry on the northern slopes of the Central Caucasus
Authors: Doronicheva Ekaterina , Golovanova Liubov , Doronichev Vladimir , Nedomolkin Andrey , Shackley Steven
Published: September 2017

Modern research in the Caucasus involving both obsidian artefact characterisation and sourcing enhances our knowledge of the early exploitation and exchange of this raw material (Le Bourdonnec et al. 2012; Montoya et al. 2013; Chatainger & Gratuze 2014; Doronicheva & Shackley 2014; Frahm et al. 2014; Pleurdeau et al. 2016).
Archaeological reconnaissance of the Late Pleistocene Red Sea coast in the Danakil
Authors: Sahle Yonatan , Beyin Amanuel
Published: September 2017

The paucity of archaeological evidence from the northern Afar Rift and Red Sea littoral remains a major hindrance to testing the hypothesised Out-of-Africa dispersal of early humans via the ‘Southern Route’—across the Bab al-Mandeb into Arabia and beyond. Encouraged by renewed geological studies (e.g. Atnafu et al. 2015), and recent archaeological discoveries (e.g. Walter et al. 2000; Beyin 2013), we initiated a pioneering exploration along the ancient Red Sea coast in the Danakil Depression (Figure 1a–c). The most conspicuous geomorphological features here constitute terraces of reef carbonates and associated marine deposits, formed when the depression was covered by the open Red Sea during the Middle to Late Pleistocene. Initial results of our exploration promise contexts in which the distribution and cultural/behavioural adaptation of early humans during the Out-of-Africa event can be closely investigated.
Comparing the Immediate Effects of a Total Motion Release Warm-up and a Dynamic Warm-up Protocol on the Dominant Shoulder in Baseball Athletes
Authors: Gamma Stephen C. , Baker Russell , May James , Seegmiller Jeff G. , Nasypany Alan , Iorio Steven M.
Published: September 2017

Gamma, SC, Baker, R, May, J, Seegmiller, JG, Nasypany, A, and Iorio, SM. Comparing the immediate effects of a total motion release warm-up and a dynamic warm-up protocol on the dominant shoulder in baseball athletes. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1362–1368, 2020—A decrease in total range of motion (ROM) of the dominant shoulder may predispose baseball athletes to increased shoulder injury risk; the most effective technique for improving ROM is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effects of Total Motion Release (TMR) to a generic dynamic warm-up program in baseball athletes. Baseball athletes (n = 20) were randomly assigned to an intervention group: TMR group (TMRG; n = 10) or traditional warm-up group (TWG; n = 10). Shoulder ROM measurements were recorded for internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER), the intervention was applied, and postmeasurements were recorded. Each group then received the other intervention and postmeasurements were again recorded. The time main effect (p ≤ 0.001) and the time × group interaction effect were significant (p ≤ 0.001) for IR and ER. Post hoc analysis revealed that TMR produced significant increases in mean IR (p ≤ 0.005, d = 1.52) and ER (p ≤ 0.018, d = 1.22) of the dominant shoulder initially. When groups crossed-over, the TMRG experienced a decrease in mean IR and ER after the dynamic warm-up, whereas the TWG experienced a significant increase in mean IR (p ≤ 0.001, d = 3.08) and ER (p ≤ 0.001, d = 2.56) after TMR intervention. Total Motion Release increased IR and ER of the dominant shoulder more than a dynamic warm-up. Dynamic warm-up after TMR also resulted in decreased IR and ER; however, TMR after dynamic warm-up significantly improved IR and ER. Based on these results, TMR is more effective than a generic dynamic warm-up for improving dominant shoulder ROM in baseball players.
Improving Vertical Jump Profiles Through Prescribed Movement Plans
Authors: Mayberry John K. , Patterson Bryce , Wagner Phil
Published: September 2017

Mayberry, JK, Patterson, B, and Wagner, P. Improving vertical jump profiles through prescribed movement plans. J Strength Cond Res 32(6): 1619–1626, 2018—Developing practical, reliable, and valid methods for monitoring athlete wellness and injury risk is an important goal for trainers, athletes, and coaches. Previous studies have shown that the countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) test is both a reliable and valid metric for evaluating an athlete's condition. This study examines the effectiveness of prescribed workouts on improving the quality of movement during CMJ. The data set consists of 2,425 pairs of CMJ scans for high school, college, and professional athletes training at a privately owned facility. During each scan, a force plate recorded 3 ground reaction force (GRF) measurements known to impact CMJ performance: eccentric rate of force development (ERFD), average vertical concentric force (AVCF), and concentric vertical impulse (CVI). After an initial scan, coaches either assigned the athlete a specific 1- or 2-strength movement plan (treatment group) or instructed the athlete to choose their own workouts (control group) before returning for a follow-up scan. A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) revealed significant differences in changes to GRF measurements between athletes in the 2 groups after adjusting for the covariates sex, sport, time between scans, and rounds of workout completed. A principal component analysis of GRF measurements further identified 4 primary groups of athlete needs and the results provide recommendations for effective workout plans targeting each group. In particular, split squats increase CVI and decrease ERFD/AVCF; deadlifts increase AVCF and decrease CVI; alternating squats/split squats increase ERFD/CVI and decrease AVCF; and alternating squats/deadlifts increase ERFD/AVCF and decrease CVI.
Repeat Effort Performance Is Reduced 24 Hours After Acute Dehydration in Mixed Martial Arts Athletes
Authors: Barley Oliver R. , Iredale Fiona , Chapman Dale W. , Hopper Amanda , Abbiss Chris R.
Published: September 2017

Barley, OR, Iredale, F, Chapman, DW, Hopper, A, and Abbiss, C. Repeat effort performance is reduced 24 hours after acute dehydration in mixed martial arts athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2555–2561, 2018—This study sought to determine the influence of acute dehydration on physical performance and physiology in mixed martial arts (MMA). Mixed martial arts athletes (n = 14; age: 23 ± 4 years) completed in a randomized counterbalanced order a dehydration protocol, (DHY: 3-hour cycling at 60 W in 40° C to induce 5% dehydration) or thermoneutral control (25° C: CONT) exercise, followed by ad libitum fluid/food intake. Performance testing (a repeat sled push test, medicine ball chest throw, and vertical jump) was completed 3 hours and 24 hours after the intervention, whereas urine and blood samples were collected before, 20 minutes, 3 hours, and 24 hours after the intervention. Body mass was reduced (4.8 ± 0.8%) after DHY (p < 0.001) and remained lower than CONT at 3 hours and 24 hours after DHY (p = 0.003 and p = 0.024, respectively). Compared with CONT, average sled push times were slower 3 hours and 24 hours after DHY (19 ± 15%; p = 0.001; g = 1.229 and 14 ± 15%; p = 0.012; g = 0.671, respectively). When compared with the CONT, handgrip was weaker 3 hours after DHY (53 ± 8 and 51 ± 8 kg; p = 0.044, g = 0.243, respectively) and medicine ball chest throw distances were shorter 24 hours after DHY (474 ± 52 and 449 ± 44 cm; p = 0.016, g = 0.253, respectively). No significant differences were observed in vertical jump (p = 0.467). Urine specific gravity was higher than CONT 20 minutes (p = 0.035) and 24 hours (p = 0.035) after DHY. Acute dehydration of 4.8% body mass results in reduced physical performance 3 and 24 hours after DHY. There is need for caution when athletes use dehydration for weight loss 24 hours before competition.
Conscious Perception as Integrated Information Patterns in Human Electrocorticography
Authors: Haun Andrew M. , Oizumi Masafumi , Kovach Christopher K. , Kawasaki Hiroto , Oya Hiroyuki , Howard Matthew A. , Adolphs Ralph , Tsuchiya Naotsugu
Published: September 2017

A significant problem in neuroscience concerns the distinction between neural processing that is correlated with conscious percepts from processing that is not. Here, we tested if a hierarchical structure of causal interactions between neuronal populations correlates with conscious perception. We derived the hierarchical causal structure as a pattern of integrated information, inspired by the integrated information theory (IIT) of consciousness. We computed integrated information patterns from intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) from six human neurosurgical patients with electrodes implanted over lateral and ventral cortices. During recording, subjects viewed continuous flash suppression (CFS) and backward masking (BM) stimuli intended to dissociate conscious percept from stimulus, and unmasked suprathreshold stimuli. Object-sensitive areas revealed correspondence between conscious percepts and integrated information patterns. We quantified this correspondence using unsupervised classification methods that revealed clustering of visual experiences with integrated information, but not with broader information measures including mutual information and entropy. Our findings point to a significant role of locally integrated information for understanding the neural substrate of conscious object perception.
TU-Tagging: A Method for Identifying Layer-Enriched Neuronal Genes in Developing Mouse Visual Cortex
Authors: Tomorsky Johanna , DeBlander Leah , Kentros Clifford G. , Doe Chris Q. , Niell Cristopher M.
Published: September 2017

Thiouracil (TU)-tagging is an intersectional method for covalently labeling newly transcribed RNAs within specific cell types. Cell type specificity is generated through targeted transgenic expression of the enzyme uracil phosphoribosyl transferase (UPRT); temporal specificity is generated through a pulse of the modified uracil analog 4TU. This technique has been applied in mouse using a Cre-dependent UPRT transgene,CA>GFPstop>HA-UPRT, to profile RNAs in endothelial cells, but it remained untested whether 4TU can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or whether this transgene can be used to purify neuronal RNAs. Here, we crossed theCA>GFPstop>HA-UPRTtransgenic mouse to aSepw1-creline to express UPRT in layer 2/3 of visual cortex or to anNr5a1-creline to express UPRT in layer 4 of visual cortex. We purified thiol-tagged mRNA from both genotypes at postnatal day (P)12, as well as from wild-type (WT) mice not expressing UPRT (background control). We found that a comparison of Sepw1-purified RNA to WT or Nr5a1-purified RNA allowed us to identify genes enriched in layer 2/3 of visual cortex. Here, we show that Cre-dependent UPRT expression can be used to purify cell type-specific mRNA from the intact mouse brain and provide the first evidence that 4TU can cross the BBB to label RNA in vivo.
Bagongan, Pilkada Serentak dan Demokrasi yang Cedera: Belajar dari Purbalingga
Authors: Nurprojo Indaru Setyo
Published: September 2017

This article would like to write about the effects of the simultaneous election policy on the quality of democracy at the local level. In 2015, the election policy applied simultaneously. In practice, the elections simultaneously chosen to emphasize the effectiveness and efficiency of the budget and not for the instruments to the process of deepening democracy. In effect, femonena bagongan happened in the elections Purbalingga. Bagongan has become a form of resistance of the people against the elite political parties and form of movement is unwilling to political parties.
Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Desa Budugsidorejo Kabupaten Jombang Tahun 2015
Authors: Setiawan Andi , Haboddin Muhtar , Wilujeng Nila Febri
Published: September 2017

This study describes the accountability of the management of village fund allocation (ADD) in the village Budugsidorejo Sumobito District of Jombang in 2015. The aim of this study is to describe and explain the presence or absence of accountability in the management of ADD in 2015. The theory that formed the basis of looking at accountability ADD is Rahardjo Adisasmito concept of accountability by which to see accountability in financial management can be seen from the indicators of financial accountability, accountability benefits and procedural accountability. This study uses qualitative descriptive method and determination of informants by using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that accountability in the management of ADD are in accordance with the applicable procedures and can be realized because of the internal and external oversight. Given such surveillance raises their awareness that the programs funded from ADD should be accounted for as well as possible.
TOPLU TAŞIMA HİZMETİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL STRES KAYNAKLARI VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Mehmet Zennur , AKYÜZ Göknur Arzu
Published: September 2017

Örgütsel stres, gerek çalışanlar gerek işletmeler açısından negatif sonuçlara neden olabilecek bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, toplu taşıma hizmetinde çalışan sürücülerin maruz kaldıkları örgütsel stres kaynaklarını tespit etmek, sınıflandırmak ve çeşitli önerilerde bulunmaktır. Örgütsel stres kaynakları ile ilgili kapsamlı bir literatür araştırması yapılmış, şu temel başlıklar tespit edilmiştir: işin yapısı, örgütsel yapı, örgütsel politika, örgüt içi ilişkiler, fiziksel koşullar. Geliştirilen ölçekle 2016 yılında EGO Genel Müdürlüğü toplu taşıma hizmetinde çalışan sürücülere bir anket uygulanmıştır. Ankara’daki tüm evrene (2.137 kişi) ulaşılarak geri dönüşü sağlanan 1.554 anketin verileri istatistksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu sayı evrenin %72'lik kısmını temsil etmektedir. SPSS (22.0) paket programı aracılığıyla betimsel istatistikler incelenmiş, faktör,  güvenilirlik ve varyans analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma, sürücülerin orta derecede stres yaşadıklarını; en fazla stres oluşturan sebeplerin: “Maaş (ücret) adaletsizliği ve/veya düşüklüğü”, “Yolcuların sürücülere zorbalık yapması, sözlü tacizde bulunması ve/veya şiddet uygulaması” ile “Hizmet sözleşmesinin yenilenmemesi ya da işten çıkarılma korkusu” olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Stres seviyelerinin sürücünün atandığı bölgeye göre önemli değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sürücülerde strese sebep olan etmenler ile ilgili gerekli önlemler alınarak, sürücülerin stres düzeylerinin düşürülmesi için öneriler yapılmıştır.
Role of thyroid hormones in the neoplastic process: an overview
Authors: Goemann Iuri Martin , Romitti Mirian , Meyer Erika L Souza , Wajner Simone Magagnin , Maia Ana Luiza
Published: September 2017

Thyroid hormones (TH) are critical regulators of several physiological processes, which include development, differentiation and growth in virtually all tissues. In past decades, several studies have shown that changes in TH levels caused by thyroid dysfunction, disruption of deiodinases and/or thyroid hormone receptor (TR) expression in tumor cells, influence cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and invasion in a variety of neoplasms in a cell type-specific manner. The function of THs and TRs in neoplastic cell proliferation involves complex mechanisms that seem to be cell specific, exerting effects via genomic and nongenomic pathways, repressing or stimulating transcription factors, influencing angiogenesis and promoting invasiveness. Taken together, these observations indicate an important role of TH status in the pathogenesis and/or development of human neoplasia. Here, we aim to present an updated and comprehensive picture of the accumulated knowledge and the current understanding of the potential role of TH status on the different hallmarks of the neoplastic process.
Pitheciid vocal communication: what can we say about what they are saying?
Authors: Bezerra Bruna , Casar Cristiane , Jerusalinsky Leandro , Barnett Adrian , Bastos Monique , Souto Antonio , Jones Gareth
Published: September 2017

The variation in ecological traits in pitheciids allows investigation of vocal communication over a range of social and acoustic circumstances. In this review paper we present a summary of the history of pitheciid vocal studies and review i) the status of our current knowledge of the vocal repertoire sizes of pitheciid primates, ii) how much do we understand about the context of different acoustic signals and iii) how can we potentially use our knowledge of vocalisations in animal welfare practices. We show trends across taxa and identify gaps in our knowledge. For instance, the repertoires described for Titi monkeys and Sakis have the expected sizes for these genera, considering their relatively small social group sizes. However, Uacari groups can contain over 100 individuals, and a larger vocal repertoire than the ones described would be expected, which could be a consequence of the fission-fusion social system where the large group divides into smaller subgroups. Nevertheless, vocal repertoires exist for only about 12% of the pitheciid species and nothing is known, for example, on call ontogeny. We hope that this review will serve as a reference point for researchers interested in investigating vocal behaviour in this primate group, thus, optimising both funding focus and, researcher’s time and effort. Also, we hope to help defining methodologies and strategies for the conservation and management of pitheciid monkeys.
Aplicación de la metodología de relocalización de sismos con el algoritmo de doble diferencia usando HYPODD en cuatro secuencias sísmicas en Costa Rica
Authors: Araya María C.
Published: September 2017

Varias secuencias sísmicas ocurren durante un año en Costa Rica. Cuando estas son registradas por la Red Sismológica Nacional, cada evento es localizado para el catálogo nacional. El análisis y la caracterización del conjunto se hace luego con solo la localización manual. Este estudio incluye el post proceso de cuatro secuencias sísmicas con localización manual, correlación cruzada de eventos y relocalización con un algoritmo de doble diferencia para ubicar de una manera más precisa la fuente de estos eventos. Las secuencias agrupan desde 21 hasta 64 sismos, y ocurrieron en 3 a 21 días. Cada evento fue registrado en al menos 27 estaciones, con una cobertura mínima de 105º alrededor del evento. La distancia hipocentral máxima entre eventos es de 11 km. Luego de la localización manual, los eventos que cumplieron con las características necesarias fueron seleccionados para la correlación cruzada entre eventos y el análisis de doble diferencia. Los resultados muestran una reducción de 2 hasta 20 veces la distancia hipocentral, y se delimita la ubicación de la fuente de cada secuencia sísmica.