bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rising Import Tariffs, Falling Export Growth: When Modern Supply Chains Meet Old-Style Protectionism
Authors: Handley Kyle , Kamal Fariha , Monarch Ryan
Published: February 2020

We examine the impacts of the 2018-2019 U.S. import tariff increases on U.S. export growth through the lens of supply chain linkages. Using 2016 confidentia firm-trade linked data, we document the implied incidence and scope of new import tariffs. Firms that eventually faced tariff increases on their imports accounted for 84% of all exports and they represent 65% of manufacturing employment. For all affected firms, the implied cost is $900 per worker in new duties. To estimate the effect on U.S. export growth, we construct product-level measures of import tariff exposure of U.S. exports from the underlying firm micro data. More exposed products experienced 2 percentage point lower growth relative to products with no exposure. The decline in exports is equivalent to an ad valorem tariff on U.S. exports of almost 2% for the typical product and almost 4% for products with higher than average exposure.
Modern Problems of Reforming Preliminary Investigation in the Russian Federation
Authors: Skuratov Yuri
Published: February 2020

The paper studies key areas of reforming the institute of preliminary investigation in the Russian Federation. The author does not support the position that reduces key problems of reforming criminal cases’ investigation to different organizational and structural changes, to the establishment or abolishment of some agencies. The reform should be based on diverse and, at the same time, systemic measures, including: the conceptual elaboration of the investigation reform; the systematization of the subject, the object and the very procedure of investigation; the rationalization of organizational and management structures of preliminary investigation; the optimization of the system of public and state control over investigation; the improvement of the relations between the investigation authorities and the public prosecutor’s office; the introduction of changes in the mechanism of cooperation between operational search and investigation authorities; the optimization of relations between investigation authorities and the court; the implementation of a complex of measures aimed at improving the professionalism of investigation officers, raising their general and legal cultural level, creating optimal conditions for their work; the reform of the investigation infrastructure. One of the key areas of reforming preliminary investigation is, according to the author, the restoration of the previously abolished supervision authority of the prosecutor’s office (the authority to initiate a criminal case; the right to issue obligatory directions for the investigator; the authority to terminate a criminal case on any grounds provided by law). Practice has shown that the current system of procedural control over the investigation of criminal cases is weak and does not prevent numerous mistakes and oversight of investigation officers. One scenario of a large-scale investigation reform, according to the author, includes the preservation of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, making it the basic structure for the organization of an inter-agency investigation authority.
The Contribution of Prof. M.N. Gernet to the Development of Legal Science
Authors: Lutskyi Andrii , Lutskyi Myroslav , Kindyuk Boris
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the biography and systematizes the research of a well-known Russian scholar Prof. M.N. Gernet. The authors single out different spheres of his work: 1) the theory and history of criminal law, including the theory of crime as a social phenomenon, the qualification of criminals and crimes, the concept of criminal law, types of punishment used in different countries as well as social security measures in the form of the penitentiary system, organization of inmates’ labor, their re-socialization; 2) criminal law sociology, including the research of the dependence of the number of crimes on the economic conditions, such as the average salary, housing utility payments, size of dwelling, price of bread and other basic necessities; 3) criminal law statistics whose methods M.N. Gernet actively used, such as survey, questionnaires, observation, experiment, ranging (structuring); thanks to the crime and criminal personality research offices that he organized in different cities of the Soviet Union it was possible to collect data and to systematize it by the causes of crime, types of crimes, personal characteristics of some criminals (gender, age, education, marital status); 4) problems of juvenile delinquency analyzed by scholars using data on age groups of delinquents, which allowed to show the positive effect of the reduction of punishment depending on age, the hearing of cases by the Commission on Minors’ Affairs and a wide use of medical and pedagogical measures; 5) the history of using capital punishment, including a historical overview of using this type of punishment, which gave the scholar an opportunity to show that this measure does not affect the total number of crimes and has a negative impact on the psychological atmosphere in the society manifested through an increased number of civil disobediences and violent crimes; 6) crimes of Hitler’s army against humanity, which M.N. Gernet studied by collecting data on the number of war crimes against civilians, prisoners of war, hostages, analysis of mass shootings and the destruction of cities, villages, cultural monuments and other valuable objects; 7) biographies of legal scholars, including the information that M.N. Gernet collected on the work and contributions to the legal science of such famous lawyers as A.F. Konin, N.S. Tagantsev, V.K. Sluchevsky, I.Ya. Foinitsky, P.I. Lyublinsky, paying special attention to the monographs and textbooks that they wrote.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) real-time RT-PCR ORF1ab 2020 (Wuhan-ORF1ab; 2019-nCoV-related test) v3
Authors: A Northill Judy , M Mackay Ian
Published: February 2020

A real-time RT-PCR to specifically detect SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus also called nCoV-2019 or Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus. Based on sequence MN908947 made available by Professor Yong-Zhen Zhang, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. The target region is within the ORF1ab sequence. Notes Assay is fully optimised (as of 24Jan2020). This test has identified a clinical positive case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
Back Matter
Authors: Review The Jobs
Published: February 2020

Back Matter Vol 1 No 2 December 2018
DOES PROFITABILITY, FIRM SIZE, AND MACROECONOMIC VARIABLE AFFECT YIELD TO MATURITY OF CORPORATE SUKUK?
Authors: Utami Suci Aprilliani , Rohmana Yana
Published: February 2020

The purpose of of this research is to examine the influence of profitability, firm size, and macroeconomic variable on the yield to maturity of corporate sukuk. The yield to sukuk maturity that will be received by investors illustrates the level of investor profit but the yield level also describes the level of risk borne by investors. This research was conducted on all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2018 period which issued sukuk ijarah and published its financial statements during the research period. The research samples is 54th ijarah sukuk This research was conducted using a quantitative approach with panel data. The data analysis technique used in this study is panel data regression with a fixed effect model. The results showed that profitability projected with Return on Asset did not affect the yield to maturity of sukuk ijarah, the size of the firm negatively affected the yield to maturity of sukuk ijarah, the BI-Rate variable had a positive and significant effect on yield to maturity of sukuk and inflation had a negative effect on yield of ijarah sukuk.
El aborto legal en Colombia: opiniones de un grupo de estudiantes de Enfermería
Authors: Laza-Vásquez Celmira , Cerquera-Gallego Eric Yamid , Ferrer-Pérez Tania Alejandra , Gutiérrez-Ocampos Yessenia
Published: February 2020

Introducción: En el año 2006, el Estado colombiano legalizó el aborto en tres situaciones específicas, mediante la Sentencia C-355, marcando un hito importante en una sociedad impregnada por fuertes valores patriarcales. Sin embargo, han sido escasos los estudios adelantados sobre las experiencias de los principales actores implicados en este fenómeno social, como los profesionales de la salud y las mujeres. Objetivo: Indagar por las opiniones de los estudiantes de último año del Programa de Enfermería de la Universidad Surcolombiana acerca de la Sentencia C-355 de 2006, que legaliza el aborto en tres situaciones específicas, en Colombia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo exploratorio. Participaron veintiséis estudiantes, seleccionados con un muestreo por conveniencia hasta saturar la información. Para recolectar esta, se crearon tres grupos de discusión y se hicieron tres entrevistas a profundidad, observados mediante análisis de contenido. Resultados: Las opiniones acerca de la Sentencia son favorables, por sus beneficios sociales y en pro de la defensa de los derechos de las mujeres. El tema emergente en los discursos construidos fue el impedimento que significan, para la aceptación del aborto en Colombia, los fuertes valores patriarcales impregnados en la sociedad, los cuales son reforzados por los “discursos de verdad” de la Iglesia y la institucionalidad médica. Conclusiones: Se hace necesario persistir en la socialización de la Sentencia entre las intuiciones y los profesionales de la salud, y en el aborto legal y los derechos de las mujeres como un tema de discusión pública y política; para esto, es imprescindible la labor conjunta de la academia e investigadores, con las organizaciones sociales defensoras de los derechos de las mujeres.
Factores que influyen en la atribución de la pensión de sobrevivencia en una administradora de fondos de pensiones colombiana, 2006-2011
Authors: Yepes-Delgado Carlos Enrique , Henao-Nieto Daniel Eduardo , Montoya-Jaramillo Marcela , Montoya-Echeverri Ligia , Martínez-Hurtado Valeria , Hincapié-Marulanda Luisa María
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Identificar cómo influyen los factores sociodemográficos, ocupacionales, de siniestralidad y de afiliación en la aprobación o no de la pensión de sobrevivencia en una administradora de fondos de pensiones colombiana entre 2006 y 2011.Metodología: Estudio de corte a partir de los formularios de investigación causal del fallecimiento, pensión obligatoria y registro civil de defunción. Se analizaron estadísticamente los datos y mediante un modelo multivariado de regresión logística se evaluó el desenlace de aprobación de la solicitud pensional por sobrevivencia.Resultados: La edad promedio de los aprobados fue de 35,9 (± 9,6) y de 34,3 (± 10,4), siendo una diferencia significativa (valor p = 0,00). La mayoría de causantes fueron hombres (80,9 %), pero las mujeres tuvieron mayor porcentaje de aprobación, con diferencias significativas (valor p = 0,01). La aprobación de la solicitud fue mayor entre los 25 y 39 años. La mayoría de las reclamaciones fueron por accidentes (61,3 %), con una aprobación del 35,1 %. Las solicitudes por enfermedades fueron aprobadas en 43,5 %. Las causas externas constituyeron el principal motivo de muerte, con un 56,6 % del total, desagregadas principalmente como: muerte violenta (47,8 %), accidente no especificado (30,2 %) y accidente de tránsito (11,3 %).Conclusiones: Este trabajo aporta evidencia desde Colombia sobre cómo la aprobación de la pensión estuvo asociada con la edad del afiliado fallecido y con las características del siniestro, que lo catalogan como accidente o enfermedad, la hora de ocurrencia, la ocurrencia en horas laborales y la causa de la muerte.
Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes del servicio de hospitalización domiciliaria de una institución de nivel tres en el Valle de Aburrá, 2015
Authors: Jaén-Posada Juan Sebastián , Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Elena Valentina , Cortés-Zapata Sebastián
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Describir el perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes remitidos al servicio de hospitalización domiciliaria por una institución de tercer nivel en el Valle de Aburrá, en 2015.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal de los pacientes atendidos (n = 4956 pacientes y 109 032 registros). La fuente de información corresponde a la base de datos del servicio de atención domiciliaria durante el año 2015 de una institución de nivel tres en el Valle de Aburrá. Se determinó la distribución por edad, sexo, tipo de patología, ubicación espacial y tipo de manejo del tratamiento.Resultados: El servicio se prestó en su mayoría a mujeres (55 %) cuya edad oscilaba entre los 50 y 90 años. Los pacientes provenían principalmente de los estratos 1, 2 y 3, pertenecientes al régimen contributivo. Las cuatro principales patologías son: enfermedades de la piel y el tejido subcutáneo (cie-10 L00-L99, 32 %) asociadas con el manejo de heridas quirúrgicas, enfermedades del aparato genitourinario (cie-10 N00-N99, 21 %), enfermedades respiratorias (cie-10 J00-J99, 18 %) y las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias (cie-10 A00-B99, 7 %).Conclusiones: La hospitalización domiciliaria en el Valle de Aburrá se orienta hacia el cuidado del adulto mayor, en especial a mujeres mayores de 50 años, para las cuales, en su mayoría, su plan de manejo es mediante el suministro de antibióticos.
Investigation Of Kinetic Regularities For Obtaining Methyl-1,3,4- Trimethylcyclohex-3-Encarboxylate By Reaction Of Diels-Alder
Authors: Kostiv I.S. , Havryliv R.I.
Published: February 2020

Kinetics of the reaction of the cycloaddition of 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene (DMB) and methylmethacrylate (MMA) by the Diels-Alder reaction was studied. Reaction rate constants k = 4.4∙10-6 l/(mol∙s) at T = 403 K; k = 10.0∙10-6 l/(mol∙s) at T = 413 K; k = 15.8∙10-6 l/(mol∙s) at T = 423 K; k = 19.4∙10-6 l/(mol∙s) at T = 433 K and the activation parameters of the reaction Eakt = 75.2 kJ/mol, ΔS = -146.8 J/(mol∙K), ΔH = 73.9 kJ/mol were determined. Influence of temperature, molar ratio of reagents on the yield of the target product was investigated. At temperature increase from 403 to 433 K, methyl-1,3,4-trimethylcyclohex-3-encarboxylate (MTMCHC) yield increases from 78 % to 92 %. With further increase in temperature, DMB boils and MMA remains in a liquid state, accordingly it is not expected that the target product yield will materially increase. An increase in the excess of DMB: МMA from 1:1 to 2.5:1 makes it possible to increase yield of MTMCHC from 65 % to 92 %. The production of methyl-1,3,4-trimethylcyclohex-3-encarboxylate at the optimal conditions was established: temperature of 423−433 K and molar ratio of reagents DMB:MMA = 1.5:1, the yield of MTMCHC reaches 89−92 % at productivity of 101−105 g/(l·h). Based on the obtained reaction rate constants and the activation parameters of the [4+2]-cyclic addition of 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene and methylmethacrylate, it was found that the reaction under study is subject to the kinetic law of the second order.
Treatment of large, massive irreparable rotator cuff tears
Authors: Lazko Maxim F. , Prizov Alexey P. , Lazko Fedor L. , Belyak Eugene A. , Maglaperidze Ivanе G. , Kuznetsov Alexander V. , Akhpashev Alexander A. , Skipenko Timofey O.
Published: February 2020

The rotator cuff is a complex anatomical and biomechanical structure which allows stabilization of the shoulder joint in the correct position and movements in it. The rotator cuff tears remain the most frequent injury as compared to those of other anatomical structures of the shoulder joint and reach the incidence of 21%, according to a number of authors. Such injuries are prone to inducing a fat replacement of muscle tissues in elderly patients against the background of degenerative changes in the structure of the rotator cuff. These injuries are hard-to-heal, and the incidence of relapses after the surgical treatment reaches 2090%, according to several authors. Based on the investigation of the postoperative treatment failures, alternative methods for the replacement, transfer or surgical repair of damaged tendons are adopted, but there is still no single approach and method in the treatment of this pathology. In this literature review, we have analyzed the data on the anatomical structure and biomechanics of the rotator cuff, the role of the rotator cuff damage in the dysfunction of the shoulder joint and possible methods for its recovery.
Teksty Olgierda Obuchowicza oczyma historyka literatury
Authors: Chaustowicz Mikałaj
Published: February 2020

Artykuł został poświęcony rękopisom i pierwodrukom prac Olgierda Obuchowicza, białoruskiego literata z II poł. XIX w. Mimo że w okresie radzieckim i postradzieckim literaturoznawcy białoruscy wnieśli istotny wkład w badania jego dorobku, warto ponownie – przy uwzględnieniu odkrytych niedawno materiałów – przeanalizować zarówno historię publikacji jego tekstów (zwracając uwagę na zgodność reedycji z oryginałami), jak również ich interpretację w duchu ideologii radzieckiej. Porównanie rękopisów i pierwodruków Obuchowicza z późniejszymi wydaniami jego wspomnień, bajek i wierszy (jak również nowymi materiałami) pozwala postawić tezę, że często redaktorzy i wydawcy dokonywali adaptacji, zaś W. Łastouskiego (?) przełożył jego pamiętniki z języka polskiego na białoruski. Dzięki metodzie analizy synchronicznej i diachronicznej utworu literackiego udowodniono, że bajkę Starszyna, opublikowaną po raz pierwszy w tzw. okresie „Naszej Niwy” redagował Janko Kupała, ówczesny sekretarz „Białoruskiego Towarzystwa Wydawniczego w Wilnie” i redaktor (?) Kalendarza Białoruskiego na 1915 rok. Wątpliwości budzi także utrwalone w literaturoznawstwie przekonanie, że utwory białoruskojęzyczne Obuchowicz podpisywał pseudonimem „Hraf Bandinelli”: rękopisy świadczą o tym, że tak były sygnowane utwory w języku polskim, podczas gdy teksty białoruskie autor podpisywał własnym nazwiskiem. W artykule prezentowane są mało znane fragmenty wspomnień, listy  Obuchowicza do A. Walickiego i innych adresatów, a także nowa interpretacja wiersza Duma a Karólu XII.
Targeted treatments for dysfunctional uterine bleeding based on endometrial thickness
Authors: Htwe Thi Thi , Yi Hla Hla , Ku Saw Kler
Published: February 2020

Background: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is a common presentation to both general practitioner and gynaecologists which can have a significant effect on a woman’s quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of treating dysfunctional uterine bleeding according to endometrial thickness.Methods: This study was a hospital based prospective study undertaken in gynecology outpatient clinic of Central Women’s Hospital, Mandalay, Myanmar for one-year period (2016). A total of 60 patients were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on endometrial thickness and offered targeted hormonal treatments. At the end of the one-month treatment, patients were asked to return for a follow-up visit and from their menstrual diaries, the number of bleeding days and bleeding scores were assessed and calculated.Results: Among sixty women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, 55% of patients had endometrial thickness less than 6 mm, 25% had endometrial thickness 6-11 mm, with 20% of patients having endometrial thickness more than 11 mm. After one month of study period, treatment was found to be effective in 86.6% of the patients according to bleeding days and in 70% of the patients according to bleeding score.Conclusions: In women presenting with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, increased endometrial thickness was found to be associated with increased BMI. In the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, when the endometrial thickness of the patient was assessed and hormonal treatment was given according to the endometrial thickness, treatment was proven to be effective.
Outcome of Dengue infection in pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Raza Naimah , Dhungat Nitin P.
Published: February 2020

Background: Dengue is one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases in India. This study was done to study the course of dengue infection in pregnant women, its effects, foeto-maternal outcome, and associated complications.Methods: Clinical, laboratory findings, and maternal/foetal outcome were collected from patients with confirmed dengue infections in pregnancy treated at a tertiary care hospital in India, during a 6-month period.Results: A total 12 seropositive cases of dengue infection in pregnancy were diagnosed during the study period. Thrombocytopenia coupled with rising haematocrit were seen in all cases. Prophylactic platelet transfusion was not necessary in any of the cases without bleeding manifestation. Three patients developed severe dengue with some complication requiring extra measures, including a case of dengue encephalitis which responded to supportive treatment. One case of intra-uterine foetal demise and multi-organ failure leading to maternal death was seen. Perinatal outcomes of the other cases were satisfactory.Conclusions: Dengue in pregnancy requires early diagnosis and treatment. A high index of clinical suspicion is essential in any pregnant woman with fever, especially in endemic areas. Further studies are necessary as evidence-based data in the management of dengue in pregnancy is inadequate.
Catheter induced hypospadias, urethral trauma and penile abscess in completely recoverable neurological afflictions: preventable entities
Authors: Sandhu Harbhupinder S. , Singh Harjinder , Sharma Amarjit
Published: February 2020

Background: Catheter associated complications are very common in the emergency departments of medicine, general surgery, orthopaedics and in community. They mostly occur in patients with neurological afflictions because of inexperience of the first handlers as they lack the insight of altered physiology and anatomy in the lower urinary tract because of neurological lesions and also because of an inadequate advice at the time of discharge regarding the catheter care. Objectives of this study were to find the prevalence of per-urethral catheter associated injuries in patients with neurological lesions in a tertiary care centre of south-eastern Punjab and their prevention in completely recoverable neurological afflictions.Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in urology department from 1st August 2017-31st August 2018. The data was taken from medicine, general surgery and orthopedic emergency departments. A total of 82 patients were taken from 19-78 years and 49 patients had per-urethral catheter placement. Analysis was done using Statistical Program of Special Sciences, version 20.Results: It was observed that overall neurological lesions are more common in males (80.48%) as compared to females (19.51%) and distributed over an age range of 19-84 years in both sexes. Out of total patients, 59.75% required per urethral catheterization. The prevalence of per-urethral catheter associated complications was 20.40%.Conclusions: Insertion of per-urethral catheter is a simple procedure but an error of omission on the part of health professionals’ results in a serious complication in a neurological patient. Proper insertion technique and catheter care are to be followed to prevent avoidable complications in this subset of patients.
Prevalence of menstrual morbidity in adolescents girls: a cross sectional study
Authors: Karthikkeyan Kanmani , N. Nirmala , Subramanian P. Thirumalai Kolundhu , V. Charumathi , B. Dharani
Published: February 2020

Background: Menstruation is said to be a physiological process in women. The word ‘menstruation’ was derived from a Latin word ‘menses’. Menstrual dysfunction was found to affect 75% of adolescent girls which includes dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia and irregular cycles. Premenstrual syndrome constitutes a group of physical and emotional symptoms which occurs one week before menstrual cycle. It was found to be a cycle disorder which appears in the luteal phase. Adolescent girls are at high risk of developing premenstrual syndrome. Because of menstrual dysfunction and premenstrual syndrome, the adolescent girls are at high risk of menstrual morbidity.Methods: After getting approval from institutional ethical committee of Madras Medical College, the study was carried out in adolescent girls. The study was carried out by giving questionnaire in nearly 505 students for the duration of 6 months. The study participants were explained about the study. The questionnaire was structured so as to obtain information regarding the age at menarche, duration of cycle, awareness about menstruation, source of information regarding menstruation, practices during menstrual cycles, regarding menstrual problems and treatment practices.Results: The average age of participants was 17 years with an SD of 1.5. of 505 participants, about 6% had 45 days frequency, 10% had 38 days frequency and 2% had 60 days frequency of menstrual cycle. It was found around 1% had 8 days duration and 3% had 9 days duration of menstrual cycle. About 13% of Participants had mild flow, 7% had severe flow and 20% had variable quantity of menstrual flow.Conclusions: From this study, it was found that menstrual dysfunction were prevalent among adolescent girls. These were found to cause menstrual morbidity among adolescent girls. Hence it is necessary to educate and create awareness about menstrual morbidity among adolescent girls.
The chronicle of transposition hysterectomy specimens with clinical and histopathological correlation: a three year study
Authors: Vasudeva Shalini , Thapa Ragini
Published: February 2020

Background: Hysterectomy is the commonest gynaecological surgery which involves surgical removal of the uterus. Hysterectomy and microscopic evaluation of the samples are still the only ways of definite diagnosis. Early evaluation in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women is essential to confirm the exact nature of the lesion and to rule out malignancy.Methods: After obtaining institutional Ethical Committee approval and written informed consent, hysterectomy specimens of 200 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were studied for histopathological examination during the period of June 2016 to June 2019 from tertiary care centre and hospital.Results: Mean age of cases was 22-80 years. The common significant pathological lesions were adenomyosis in 55(27.2%) cases, leiomyoma in 49(23.2%) cases, leiomyoma with adenomyosis in 22(9.3%) cases, CIN1 in 6 cases (3.0%), serous cystadenoma of ovary in 5(2.4%) cases, endometrial polyp in 5(2.4 %) cases, carcinoma of cervix in 4 (2.2%) cases, carcinoma of ovary in 3(2.4%) cases and carcinoma of endometrium in 1 (0.6%) cases.  The correlation of HP findings of hysterectomy specimens with cervical biopsy findings was 79.4% and that with endometrial biopsy findings was 100%. The cervico-vaginal cytology (Pap smear) findings of 93.2 % cases were in agreement with HP findings of cervix in hysterectomy specimens.Conclusions: This study provides baseline data to follow the trend of the hysterectomy and put insight into the pattern of complaints .The final HP findings of the hysterectomy specimens correlates well with the preoperative clinical diagnosis, ultrasonography, cervical biopsy, endometrial biopsy, Pap smear and tumour marker level findings.
Community based cross sectional study: to assess the prevalence of arthritic symptoms in an army garrison in large city of North India
Authors: Singh Archana , Rastogi Vineet , Sharma Ridhima , Chaturvedi Ved , Kotwal Atul
Published: February 2020

Background: Arthritis affects almost 350 million people globally and is one of the leading causes of disability in the world. The prevalence in India is like that in developed countries. Symptoms of arthritis have been found to be influenced by alcohol intake, smoking, obesity and type of diet which lead to aggravation in pain, exacerbation in disease activity and deterioration in general health.Methods: Present community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a large military station in North India over a period of one month. Armed Forces personnel and their family members aged 18 yrs and above residing in military station and consenting to the study were included. A sample of 1475 was studied.Results: The age of participants ranged from 18 to 70 yrs (median 32±7.4 yrs) with 20.54% females and 79.46% males. The prevalence of symptoms suggestive of Gout, RA, OA and Spondyloarthritis was 8.95% (95% CI, 7.54, 10.52), 3.25% (2.41, 4.29), 11.32% (9.75, 13.05) and 14.17% (12.43, 16.05), respectively. Symptoms suggestive of RA were found to be significantly associated with female gender, those of Gout and Spondyloarthritis with male gender, while OA did not have any gender predisposition.Conclusions: The population with symptoms of arthritis needs to be identified early by early symptomatic diagnosis and measures instituted for appropriate management to prevent future complications and associated morbidity.
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and its outcome following surgical myectomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Gopalan Vedanth , Bhandari Pavaneel , Takalkar Anant A.
Published: February 2020

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is highly heterogeneous with a diverse anatomy, pathophysiology, and clinical course. It is obstruction to left ventricular outflow that has become the major hallmark of the disease. Septal myectomy has been the gold standard treatment for the relief of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and cardiac symptoms in both adults and children with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Objective of the study was to evaluate effect of Myomectomy and its impact on survival for a period of one year.Methods: The study design is a retrospective record based observational study. Data was retrieved from previous records both electronic as well as manual records of all the patients who underwent myectomy with or without concomitant procedures such as mitral valve replacement or aortic valve replacement or coronary artery bypass surgery during 2014 to 2018.Results: Majority of the patients 11 (52.4%) in fourth decade i.e. 40-59 years age group. majority were males i.e. 16 (76.2%) and remaining 5 i.e. 23.8% were females. Male to female ratio was 3.2:1. Dyspnoea was present 81% and chest pain in 76.2%. Preoperative LVOT gradient was 86.86±20.33 and post-operative gradient was 23.47±20.49.Conclusions: Operative techniques have evolved from simple myotomy to the present method of extended septal myectomy which can be done in all adult cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
Clinical profile and risk factors of enuresis in children
Authors: Pyarejan Karamath S. , Muthiah Ravisankar
Published: February 2020

Background: Enuresis is a common problem in children and its incidence is multifactorial in nature. The aim of this study is to assess the etiological risk-factors in enuresis in the study population and also to compare the risk factors in enuresis subgroups.Methods: A total of 51 patients with enuresis presenting to the department of paediatrics, Institute of Social Paediatrics, Govt. Stanley Hospital, Chennai were included in the study. All children were sub classified as primary/secondary and the primary enuretics were sub classified into monosymptomatic/non monosymptomatic depending on the symptoms. The data was analyzed and the results presented.Results: Enuresis was common in boys. Statistically significant difference in the incidence of disorder between primary and secondary enuretic children was seen in relation to presence of storage symptoms (p=0.04), cystitis (p=0.013) sleep disordered breathing (p=0.0001) and low-income status (p=0.04). No statistically significant difference between into monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) children was observed in terms of gender, difficulty in arousal, specific gravity, spina bifida, low bladder capacity and family history (p>0.05).Conclusions: The findings of the study reported that risk factors related to the incidence is similar in both primary and secondary enuresis. MNE and NMNE have no differences in the presentation and probably represent the spectrum of a same disorder.
Confusion, blood urea, respiration and blood pressure 65, pneumonia severity index and shock index and hypoxemia scores in community acquired pneumonia and outcome prediction: a descriptive study from Dr B R Ambedkar Memorial Hospital Raipur, India
Authors: Sharma C. S. , Sarode Aditi , Patel R. K. , Mishra V. N. , Gupta Shashank , Takalkar Anant A.
Published: February 2020

Background: According to WHO, pneumonia is the third important cause of death worldwide despite various advances in medical science. Incidence of Community acquired pneumonia is about 20% to 30% in developing countries compared to 3% to 4 % in developed countries. Incidence of CAP is much higher in the very young and the elderly individuals. Objectives of the study was to compare CURB 65, PSI (Pneumonia severity index) and SIPF (shock index and hypoxemia) scores with respect to outcome prediction in community acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods: The present hospital based descriptive observational study was conducted in the Dept of medicine, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College and Dr B. R. A. M. Hospital, Raipur, during 2016-2018 involving a total of 98 patients of community acquired pneumonia.Results: Majority of them i.e. 22 (22.4%) subjects belonged to age group 41-50 years. 34 (34.7%) subjects were found to have CURB65 score 1. 28(28.6%) subjects PSI score was noted to be class I. 89 (90.8%) subjects were discharged while, there was death of 9 (9.2%) subjects. The difference in the mean score was statistically significant (p<0.001). PSI score was found to have diagnostic sensitivity of 94.4% and specificity of 100% while CURB 65 score having 83.1% sensitivity and 100 % specificity. SIPF score had least AUC 0.88.Conclusions: Maximum diagnostic ability was noted with PSI score followed by CURB 65 and SIPF score.
Analysis of the implementation of medical record services in Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital in 2019
Authors: Putri Riza Suci Ernaman
Published: February 2020

Background: Medical records are important files or documents for each hospital institution. The process of organizing medical records begins when the patient is received at the hospital, followed by the recording of patient medical data by doctors or dentists or other health professionals who provide direct health services to patients. The objective of the study was to find out the implementation of inpatient medical record services at Home Ibnu Sina Hospital, Padang in 2019.Methods: Qualitative with a system approach of input, process, and output. Research informants was 5 people.Results: In making a decision and policy, not all parties were included, such as medical personnel, paramedics, and medical records officers, tools and materials that support the implementation of medical records, especially where the storage of active medical records is not yet available.Conclusions: The implementation of medical records at RSI Ibnu Sina Padang in 2019 has not been carried out thoroughly as seen from the input, process and output. For this reason, the addition of an active medical record repository, the existence of coordination, integration and synchronization in making decisions and policies so that medical personnel, paramedics and medical records officers are included.
Risk factors for non communicable diseases among transport and security personnel of a health sciences university in coastal Karnataka
Authors: Audichya Sumit , H. Pavithra , V. Harikrishnan , Akshaya Kibballi Madhukeshwar
Published: February 2020

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise among workers in various occupations resulting in morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the various risk factors and associated socio-demographic factors among the security and transport personnel working in a health sciences university in Mangaluru.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among all the security and transport personnel. Questionnaire based on WHO-STEPS approach was used. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded.Results: Total 167 study participants were enrolled; 57.5% were security and rest were transport personnel. Physical activity was perceived as light by 63.5% participants. Current smokers constituted to 26% and 33.5% consumed alcohol in past 12 months. Eighteen percent of them top salted their food. Among participants who were apparently healthy, 12.5% and 23.4% had raised systolic and diastolic BP. Associations between the areas of residence (p=0.004) and type of occupation (p<0.001) were found to be significant.Conclusions: Prevalence of risk factors of NCDs was high among study participants. Only few study subjects were physically active and majority of them felt that their routine work provided them with light physical activity. Around one third of the participants consumed tobacco and alcohol. Around 1/4th of the study participants who were not known hypertensive, were found with increased levels of blood pressure.
Prevalence of septal deviation in newborns: an institutional based cross sectional study
Authors: Jyoti Deep , Sharma Pallvi , Jamwal Ashu , . Arti
Published: February 2020

Background: Deviated nasal septum (DNS) is a common condition with various factors affecting its occurrence. The study was aimed to find the prevalence of DNS in newborns.

Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted in the SMGS hospital, GMC Jammu. A sample size of 200 newborns, less than 7 days of age were included in the study. 200 newborns in the postnatal wards were examined in the present cross-section observational study including the age ranging from 1 day to 5 days.  

Results: Prevalence of DNS in the present study was 29%. 103 babies were born to the primipara mothers out of which 39 (37.86%) had DNS while only 19 (19.58%) out of 97 babies born to the multipara mothers had the DNS. The newborns with higher birth weight had higher incidence of having DNS. 41.17% of the newborns with weight of >3 kg had DNS as compared to those in 2 to 2.5 kg group (17.28%) and <2 kg group (11.76%).

Conclusions: DNS is a common finding since birth which may persist in later life. Routine examination of the newborns specifically regarding the nose should be done to detect the septal deviations at earliest so that active intervention can be done when required.
Identidad y nacionalismo. Una mirada sobre la búsqueda de identidad y nuevas tendencias en el diseño de modas
Authors: Escobar Daniela , Bertuzzi María Florencia
Published: February 2020

Hablar de la situación en la que el mundo se encuentra actualmente resulta contradictorio. Por un lado, es innegable la masificación que produce la globalización, por tanto, la unidad existente entre los distintos países y las nuevas formas de comunicación y acceso a la información posibilitan la conexión instantánea a nivel global; mientras que por otro lado hay una enorme necesidad de diferenciación y, en este sentido, la vuelta a las raíces y la exploración dentro del territorio de origen han dado un nuevo sentido a la moda y le ha otorgado un nuevo rol al diseñador de indumentaria. La búsqueda de una identidad marcada se genera a partir de la reivindicación de técnicas textiles ancestrales, experimentación textil, sustentabilidad, slow fashion y upcycling, nacionalismo a flor de piel, funcionalidad de la mano con textiles inteligentes, entre otras tendencias en materia de diseño de indumentaria.
Preconceptions of the Ideal: Ethnic and Physical Diversity Fashion
Authors: Werner Thomas
Published: February 2020

A medida que aumenta la discusión con respecto a la diversidad a través de las redes sociales, la industria de la moda está impulsando simultáneamente un discurso sobre la inclusión y las ideas preconcebidas de lo “ideal” y la diversidad corporal. Lo que ha sido una respuesta predominantemente de Europa occidental y Estados Unidos, se examinará a través de campañas de publicidad actuales y desfiles organizados por compañías de moda establecidas (por ejemplo, Gucci, Max Mara, Bottega Veneta, Aerie, Rio Uribe y otros) que proporcionan contexto para la evolución sociocultural en la industria de la moda.
Systematic Analysis and Application of Multi-Loop Linkages with Multiple Joints in Modern Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Pozhbelko V.I. , Kuts E.N.
Published: February 2020

This work analyzes various designs of multi-link linkage mechanisms with rotational kinematic pairs in the form of cylindrical joints of high load capacity that are widely used in various fields of technology. The use of multiple joints in such linkage mechanisms simplifies their design, reduces dimensions, weight and cost, as well as expands their functionality and the range of movement of the working body. The considered methodology of the system analysis of the structure and mobility of plane multi-loop linkage mechanisms with multiple joints includes the sequential determination of all the basic topological characteristics of the closed kinematic chain of a complex mechanism and its mobility in a given space of possible movements from a set of simple algebraic equations. The effectiveness of the proposed method for constructing reliable mechanisms with any given number and type of multi-loop joints is confirmed by the presented examples of the system analysis of the structure and mobility of plane multiple lever mechanisms used in various fields of modern engineering.
Evaluación de Técnicas para la extracción de características en un electroencefalograma del Internet de las Cosas
Authors: Barahona-Pereira David
Published: February 2020

El creciente paradigma del Internet de las Cosas (IoT) está revolucionando nuestra vida con la introducción de nuevos servicios y la mejora de aplicaciones existentes. IoT cubre un creciente número de aplicaciones en diferentes áreas incluyendo el cuidado de la salud. Una aplicación específica en el cuidado de la salud es el monitoreo de la actividad eléctrica en el cerebro utilizando electroencefalogramas (EEG) con dispositivos de IoT portables. Debido a restricciones de portabilidad y tamaño, la mayoría de los dispositivos de IoT son alimentados con baterías lo que implica una implementación energéticamente eficiente en hardware y software en conjunto a un uso eficiente de los recursos normalmente limitados.

Este trabajo evalúa tres diferentes técnicas de extracción de características para un IoT EEG en términos de tiempo de ejecución, consumo de memoria y potencia. Las técnicas estudiadas fueron exploradas y simuladas llevando a la escogencia de FIR, el método de Welch y DWT para evaluación. Las técnicas se implementaron en una plataforma MSP432P401R Launchpad, en donde un procedimiento de evaluación se desarrolló para verificar el desempeño de los códigos. Las implementaciones fueron validadas contra referencias simuladas y optimizadas para velocidad, tamaño de código y consumo de potencia. El resultado de la evaluación realizada provee una comparación valiosa entre técnicas que puede ayudar a cualquier diseñador en la escogencia de la técnica adecuada basado en objetivos de diseño y restricciones de recursos.
Aprovechamiento de la orina como fuente de nutrientes en la agricultura
Authors: Rueda-Morales Máryeluz
Published: February 2020

El nuevo enfoque en saneamiento intenta encontrar soluciones que promuevan la salud pública, permitan ahorrar agua, prevengan su contaminación y reciclen los nutrientes presentes en las excretas humanas. Una tecnología que permite lograr estos desafíos se llama saneamiento ecológico, cuyo principio es reconocer que la orina y las heces no son residuos, sino, recursos muy valiosos que pueden ser usados como fertilizantes en la agricultura. La orina posee la mayor cantidad de nutrientes presentes en las excretas, siendo el nitrógeno el que se encuentra en mayor cantidad (90%), luego el potasio (73%) y el fósforo (65%), además, tiene la ventaja de ser una sustancia casi estéril al momento de ser expulsada por el cuerpo, y a diferencia de las heces, no requiere tratamiento para ser usada como fertilizante líquido. Sin embargo, la contaminación cruzada por materia fecal puede presentarse durante la separación de ambas excretas, por lo que es importante cumplir con una serie de barreras o etapas para evitar la transmisión de patógenos, como el almacenamiento y la aplicación. Existen algunos riesgos asociados al uso de orina humana, como la presencia de residuos farmacéuticos, sin embargo, el uso humano de farmacéuticos es menor comparado con los plaguicidas usados en la agricultura o las hormonas y antibióticos presentes en el estiércol, que actualmente se usa para fines agrícolas. Si la orina humana se maneja adecuadamente puede ser una importante fuente de ingresos para los agricultores, a la vez que permitiría reducir los gastos en fertilizantes agrícolas comerciales.
Implementación de un prototipo de alarma de parto bovino para la nca Jaicar
Authors: Hidalgo-Arias Josué
Published: February 2020

En este artículo se presenta el diseño e implementación de un prototipo para detectar patrones típicos de movimiento en vacas próximas a parir y a partir de ello, generar una alarma a la persona encargada. Se presenta un algoritmo detector de contracciones, que utiliza los ángulos: cabeceo, alabeo y guiñada para realizar una estimación de parto.
Biología del desarrollo: la capacidad regenerativa de Holothuria glaberrima
Authors: Quispe-Parra David
Published: February 2020

La regeneración es un proceso llamativo que permite la reconstitución de un miembro u órgano afectado o perdido. La regeneración en los organismos depende de sus características filogenéticas, las cuales permiten la agrupación de ciertos seres que son conocidos por su gran capacidad de reconstitución anatómica como es el caso de los platelmintos y equinodermos. Dentro del grupo de los equinodermos, el pepino de mar Holothuria glaberrima es un organismo modelo poco común que tiene la capacidad de regenerar sus órganos internos. Es un organismo invertebrado con un desarrollo embriológico similar a los vertebrados y al igual que estos se clasifica como deuterostomado. El estudio de los distintos mecanismos que se producen a partir de su capacidad regenerativa permite obtener valiosa información en el campo de la biología celular y molecular. Gracias al estudio pionero de este organismo por parte del grupo de investigadores del Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, se ha obtenido información concerniente a procesos celulares que permiten la regeneración de los órganos internos en Holothuria glaberrima. Entre los estudios realizados que se han realizado en Puerto Rico, la actividad de la ruta de señalización de Wnt durante el inicio del proceso de regeneración, ha permitido descifrar que tipo de genes están involucrados en la activación de mecanismos celulares durante la regeneración. Estos estudios permiten asociar procesos celulares que pueden activarse en los seres que no gozan de la misma capacidad regenerativa que Holothuria glaberrima y así avanzar en el desarrollo de tratamientos médicos.