bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Cellulolytic Bacteria Consortium for Composting Oil Palm Empty Bunches Containing Phytonutrients
Authors: Aini Diah Nurul , Linda Tetty Marta
Published: May 2020

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are themost solid palm oil waste. OPEFB has often been processed into compost with the addition of certain activators. It is expected that with the addition of a consortium bioactivator composting of OPEFB can be faster and the compost produced has good nutrient content. The study aims was to determine the ability of bioactivator bacteria of cellulolytic consortium in degrading TKKS of incubation laboratory scale for 30 days. A consortium of compost bioactivator used were Bacillus sp. S43, Bacillus cereus strains of IARI-MB-6, Bacillus cereus strains TS11, Alcaligenes faecalis strains ZJUTBX11, Bacillus sp. 13847, Stenotrophomonas sp. S169-III-5, Alcaligenes faecalis strains KH-48 and Bacillus cereus strain Y22 by a comparison of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. The results showed that bioactivator consortium was able to degrade OPEFB which on P4 (OPEFB + chicken manure + consortium isolate) reduced organic C from 50.1 to 34.5, increased total nitrogen from 0.73 to 1.35 and reduced the C/N ratio from 37.11 to 25.56 and produced compost phytonutrients and not phytotoxicity.
Impact of Kangaroo Mother Care on Outcome of Very Low Birthweight Preterm Newborns in a Tertiary Hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria
Authors: Ezeanosike Obumneme , Daniyan Olapeju , Anyanwu Onyinyechukwu , Asiegbu Uzoma , Ezeonu Chinonyelum , Onwe-Ogah Emeka , Onyire Onyire
Published: May 2020

Introduction: KMC was developed for care of preterm and low birth weight babies due to shortage of staff and inadequate incubator care enabling early discharge from the hospital for close follow-up at home. It is essential in resource-limited countries where there is epileptic power supply. Therefore, strengthening the evidence for KMC becomes imperative in these resource-limited and adverse cultural regions.

Methods: The KMC register of the Newborn Special Care Baby Unit of a tertiary hospital was used to analyse records from January 2016 to February 2018. A total of 55 preterm babies enrolled into KMC were studied. The age and parity of the mother, sex, birth weight, admission and discharge temperatures and weights, duration of KMC per day was retrieved from the KMC register.

Results: The mothers’ ages ranged from 18 to 40 years (mean 28.6 ± 6.2 years) with 34% being inexperienced first-time mothers and 10% grand multipara. The birth weights of the babies ranged from 0.9 kg to 2.5 kg. Primiparous women were more likely to do KMC for longer durations. A linear regression model showed that the duration of KMC was related to parity. (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.02). On average there was significant weight gain on discharge with a paired t-test (t = 5.881, df = 44) comparing the discharge and commencement weights showing a mean difference of 0.123 kg (CI 0.081 kg, 0.165 kg, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: KMC impacts positively on all parameters of the extremely LBW and premature babies and the duration of KMC is positively associated with better outcome.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Perinatal Asphyxia in a Tertiary Care Level Hospital, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Jamie Arif Hussen , Abdosh Mohammed Z
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Globally birth asphyxia continues to present a major clinical problem. It is one of the common and leading causes of perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity especially in developing countries.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among newborns in a tertiary level hospital, Ethiopia from February to July 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the perinatal asphyxia among newborns.

Results: Of the newborns, 32% had perinatal asphyxia and factors significantly associated were anaemia during pregnancy (adjusted OR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.07 – 8.35), chronic hypertension (adjusted OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.16 – 20.72) and low birth weight newborns (adjusted OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.308 – 8.37).

Conclusions: Maternal anaemia during pregnancy, chronic hypertension and low birth weight were significantly associated with perinatal asphyxia. Therefore, early screening and appropriate intervention during pregnancy and intra-partum might reduce perinatal asphyxia among newborns.
Bone Tuberculosis: Rare Condition Among Infants
Authors: Bastola Ramchandra , Adhikari Neelam , Shrestha Dhruba , Sigdel Bhawana , Shrestha Shree Krishna
Published: May 2020

Bone tuberculosis in infancy has become rare these days. Here we report a case of 12 months old male infant who had presented with complaints of fever and skin rash for one month, along with protuberance of toe joint for 15 days. He was being treated with antibiotics, vitamin D and calcium without improvement. Further investigations led to mycobacterium positivity in bone biopsy. He was treated with anti-tubercular therapy and he responded to the treatment dramatically. So, though rare, it is important to consider bone tuberculosis when there are bony issues even in infancy, especially in endemic regions like ours.
Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia Following Influenza A Pandemic H1N1 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Pritam , Biswas Tamoghna , Lahiri Mahuya
Published: May 2020

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia has been rarely reported in association with influenza virus. Here, we report a 16 months old girl with warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia following influenza A Pandemic H1N1 infection, which improved with oral corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin.
Willingness of emergency and medicine department doctors to work during surge of COVID-19 patients, Patan Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Rajbhandari Piyush , Maharjan Kripa
Published: May 2020

Introduction: With the current COVID-19 pandemic, Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), is responding with its incident action plan which also has provision of the response in case of surge. This study aim to find out the willingness of doctors to work during the surge of COVID-19 and may help in further planning.

Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Patan Hospital, PAHS, Nepal in April 2020. Questionnaires were circulated to the doctors via Google form to the doctors working in the emergency and medicine department. Ethical approval was obtained. Data were analyzed descriptively.

Result: Out of total 73 participants, 59 (80.8%) knew about the surge plan of COVID-19 and 54 (73.9%) were willing to work during the surge. Their major motivation was the professional obligation 56 (76.7%), whereas 61(83.6%) fear about their family getting infected. More than 50% of the participants were ready to stay in-house and work in a sub-optimal environment with a feeling of making a significant contribution to the community.

Conclusion: When the number of cases of COVID-19 peaks and the surge plan gets activated, the majority of doctors surveyed were found willing to work even in sub optimal environments.
Impact of COVID-19 public health measures on other respiratory illnesses
Authors: Thapa Abishkar , Malla Monisma , Thapa Sunil Kumar
Published: May 2020

Since the declaration of COVID-19 pandemic by WHO on 13 March2020, over 210 countries / territories have had active cases and 1/3rd of the world’s population have been on complete lockdown or partial restriction. Main route of transmission of COVID-19 is through droplets like most communicable respiratory illnesses followed by infected surfaces. Public measures like wearing masks, social distancing, hand washing and other respiratory hygiene are being followed in unprecedented level and people are tested rapidly if they show symptoms of the disease such as fever, cough, fatigue, myalgia and dyspnea. These symptoms are similar to other respiratory diseases such as common flu, influenza, pneumonia and Tuberculosis. The preventive measures are also effective in these diseases. In Wuhan, China the lockdown lasted for 76 days and seems to follow similar course in other countries. The air pollution and travel has also decreased which will further decrease transmission of respiratory illnesses. These behavioral changes can get embedded into human cultures and play a vital role to decrease incidence of other respiratory illnesses. To measure the impact, we need to be observant and carry time series analysis of the pre and post pandemic data. With proper strategies this could be utilized as an opportunity to reduce burden of other respiratory communicable disease.
COVID-19 crisis prompting innovation in addressing personal protective equipment shortage
Authors: Rajak Kripa
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swept across the globe overwhelming health care systems and disrupting supply chain of personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves, surgical face masks, goggles, face shields, N95 respirators and gowns. Surging demand, panic buying, hoarding, and misuse of PPE has led to substantial jump in its demand. Despite the terrible impact of COVID-19, if there’s any silver lining to this crisis, it is the rapidity at which communities are moving toward innovation in not just medicine and remote work but also in ways to mitigate the growing PPE shortages.
Revisit the hospital policy in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Piryani Rano Mal , Piryani Suneel , Shah Jay Narayan
Published: May 2020

Patient with recent history of dry cough, fever and breathlessness (influenza-like or severe acute respiratory illness) without alternative explanation/diagnosis needs to be managed as COVID-19 unless proved otherwise.

Suspected COVID-19 patient having fever and recent loss of taste and smell be tested for COVID-19.

Patient with severe acute respiratory illness of unknown aetiology be tested for COVID-19.

Patient with bilateral consolidation on chest X-ray or ground glass appearance on chest CT or interstitial oedema on chest ultrasound (not fully explained by volume overload) be tested for COVID-19 in moderate to high risk communities/countries.

Suspected COVID-19 patients with lymphopenia, high ESR or rise in C-reactive protein and suspected of viral fevers be tested for COVID-19.

Screening of pregnant women for COVID-19 with rapid testing preferably with Elisa in moderate to high risk communities/countries.

Screening with rapid testing preferably with Elisa prior to invasive interventions, including operations, in moderate to high risk communities/countries.

Limit the exposure of hospital staff who are susceptible to develop severe complications of COVID-19.

Hospitals provide PPE to staff depending upon exposure as per international/national/local guidelines.

Hospitals implement infection prevention control measures meticulously in context of COVID-19.
Percepatan Pembenahan Data Bidang Tanah Kluster 4 melalui Survei Data Pertanahan
Authors: Artika I Gede Kusuma , Utami Westi
Published: May 2020

Abstract: The Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) as a strategic program of the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) has problems. One of the problems is the identification related to data on land plots that are already certified (Cluster-4 / K-4) but not yet entered into the Geospatial Database of the Land Office (Geo-KKP). This study aims to accelerate the data collection of Cluster-4,so that land parcels data that has been certified are integrated into the Geo-KKP appropriately and correctly. The improvement method of the potential areas of Cluster-4 was carried out through a survey of land plots that had previously been certified by the Prona in Sifnana Village. Data analysis was carried out spatially through an analog map overlay along with the results of field surveys with Geo-KKP data to obtain spatially integrated land registration data. The results of the study show that land parcels mapping through land survey data is able to accelerate the process of identifying the K-4 and encourage the realization of a Complete Village. The acceleration of land parcels mapping through land survey data is also able to provide clarity on the unmapped land parcels data to support the planning of PTSL activities in 2020.Intisari: Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematik Lengkap (PTSL) sebagai program strategis Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional (ATR/BPN) memiliki kendala salah satunya adalah identifikasi terkait dengan data bidang tanah yang sudah bersertipikat (Kluster-4/K-4), namun belum masuk ke dalam sistem basis data Geospasial Komputerisasi Kantor Pertanahan (Geo-KKP). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan percepatan pendataan potensi Kluster-4, sehingga bidang tanah yang telah bersertipikat terintegrasi dalam Geo-KKP secara tepat dan benar. Metode penyelesaian terhadap bidang-bidang potensi Kluster-4 ini dilakukan melalui survei terhadap bidang tanah yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan sertipikasi program Prona di Desa Sifnana. Analisis data dilakukan secara spasial melalui overlay terhadap peta-peta analog beserta hasil survei di lapangan dengan data Geo-KKP, sehingga diperoleh data spasial pendaftaran tanah yang terintegrasi secara utuh.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pemetaan bidang tanah melalui survei data pertanahan mampu mempercepat proses identifikasi potensi K-4 dan mampu mendorong terwujudnya Desa/Kelurahan Lengkap. Percepatan pemetaan bidang tanah melalui survei data pertanahan ini juga mampu memberikan kejelasan terhadap data spasial bidang-bidang tanah yang belum terpetakan, sehingga mampu memberikan basis data terhadap perencanaan kegiatan PTSL pada target tahun 2020
Experimental investigation on low cycle fatigue properties of Ni-based alloy with single hole
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Gao Hangshan , Wang Zhaohan , Zhao Yanchao , Wen Zhixun , Yue Zhufeng
Published: May 2020

The low-cycle fatigue properties of the Ni-based superalloy K416B with single film cooling hole were investigated. The low-cycle fatigue tests were carried out using tension cycling under stress-controlled conditions (stress ratio R = 0.1) at room temperature. The fatigue limit lives of the perforated samples were determined by the lifting method. The fracture morphologies and microstructural evolution were examined. The results showed that the fatigue crack initiated from the film cooling hole. Furthermore, fracture paths and surface morphologies of the samples were influenced significantly by the stress level. The analysis of the microstructural evolution further indicated that the fatigue failure mechanisms of the samples with a film cooling hole depended on the stress level.
Investigation of the combined use effect of the antiseptic decamethoxin and fluoroquinolones on clinical strains S. aureus
Authors: Nazarchuk O.A. , Pavliuk S.V. , Nazarchuk H.H. , Mruh V.M. , Dudar A.O. , Sorokoumova L.K.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Postoperative infectious complications in eye microsurgery are most often caused by S. aureus strains, among which resistance to fluoroquinolones, first-line drugs for the prevention of postoperative complications, is common. An alternative to fluoroquinolones is antiseptics. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of decamethoxin antiseptic on the antimicrobial properties of fluoroquinolones against S. aureus. Studies on the combined effect of the antimicrobial properties of fluoroquinolones and decamethoxin (DCM) were performed on the S. aureus museum strain ATCC 25923, on moderately stable and persistent S. aureus clinical strains (n=42) obtained from patients undergoing eye microsurgical procedures, by serial dilution method. The minimum bacteriostatic concentration (MBsC), the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBcC) of antimicrobials separately in pure form and with the addition of sub-bacteriostatic concentrations (subBsC, 1/4 MBsC) of DCM were determined. Statistical data processing was performed using special and office programs “STATISTICA 6.0”, “Microsoft Excel 2010”. The study found low sensitivity to fluoroquinolones in clinical strains of S. aureus, high sensitivity to DCM (MBsC 0.66±0.1; MBcC 3.19±0.4 μg/ml). The sensitivity of resistant and moderately resistant strains of S. aureus to fluoroquinolones in the presence of subBsC DCM was established: MBsC of ciprofloxacin in the presence of DCM decreased almost 4 times, norfloxacin — 5.5 times, ofloxacin — 6.8 times, of levofloxacin — 6.8 times, moxifloxacin 7.1 times. It was found that MBcC of norfloxacin for clinical resistant S. aureus strains decreased in 5.7 times, ofloxacin — in 9.2 times, levofloxacin — in 6.9 times, ciprofloxacin — in 8.6 times, moxifloxacin — in 7.9 times. The simultaneous use of antiseptic DCM and various fluoroquinolone chemotherapeutic agents provides effective protection against staphylococcal infection, contributes to the fight against antibiotic resistant strains of S. aureus.
Improving the methods of local treatment in case of aphthous lesions on the oral mucosa
Authors: Fomin O. , Fomina N. , Kordon Yu. , Trofimenko J.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Contamination of the oral mucosa ulcers with opportunistic microorganisms aggravates the course of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (HRAC). Topical medicines help to eliminate inflammation rapidly and induce fast epithelization of the mucous membrane defect in patients with HRAC. The aim of the work was to create curative composition recipe for the local therapy at HRAC, resulting to higher effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy and acceleration of healing. 43 patients with HRAC were examined. Samples from the lesions were inoculated blood agar and Sabouraud agar. The conventional methods were used for microorganisms’ identification. The sensitivity of isolated strains to antibiotics and antifungals was determined. Antimicrobial activity of the proposed applicative composition was determined by the well method into agar media. It was established that the surface of patients` lesions on the oral mucosa was most often colonized with associations of Streptococci and Neisseriae, Streptococci and C. albicans. For every third patient, the erosive surface was infected with gram-negative microorganisms, including non-ferments and enterobacteria. Most of the isolated bacteria were highly sensitive to antibacterial compounds. Yeast-like fungi exhibited high resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole, 50% of them were resistant to ketoconazole, and resistance to nystatin were revealed in 81% of isolated strains. The proposed application dosage form containing vinyl, decamethoxin, essential oils of carnation and sea buckthorn had a high antimicrobial activity against isolated strains. Obtained results indicate the feasibility of the applicative composition for treatment of erosive and ulcerative lesions, which are caused by microorganisms, in dental practice.
Microbiological grounds for antimicrobial treatment of experimental pseudomonal keratitis
Authors: Vovk I.M. , Kryvetska N.V. , Burkot V.M. , Dudar A.O. , Kulik A.V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. In the structure of the corneal microbial diseases bacterial keratitis take second rate position after viral keratitis. They are characterized by a severe course and often leads to complications that require surgical treatment. P. aeruginosa is the main causative agent of keratitis associated with the contact lenses wearing. The aim of our work was to check up the combined action of fluoroquinolones, tobramycin and antiseptic decamethoxine on clinical strains of P. aeruginosa in vitro with microbiological methods. The studies were performed on clinical strains of P. aeruginosa, which were sensitive as well as resistant to the studied antimicrobial compounds. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using standard software packages “STATISTICA +” and “Microsoft Excel 2010”. Calculated the arithmetic mean (Xcr), standard deviation (σ). The results of our investigation demonstrated 2–4 times antimicrobial susceptibility increasing for quinolone and tobramycin resistant clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of decamethoxine. Oftaquix, floximed and tobrex eye drops contain enough amount of antibiotics that is capable to affect both sensitive and resistant strains of P. aeruginosa in vitro. The revealed synergetic antipseudomonal action gives us grounds for further research of the combination etiotropic therapy effect on the course of the experimental keratitis caused by P. aeruginosa.
Models of experimental pseudomonas keratitis: microbiological and clinical aspects
Authors: Malachkova N.V. , Kryvetska N.V. , Vovk I.M. , Kovalenko I.M. , Kryzhanovskaya A.V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Over the last ten years, there has been an increase in the incidence of bacterial keratitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, associated with contact lenses use. Certain features of the course of such keratitis, the mechanisms of corneal damage, the factors that affect the severity and depth of tissue destruction remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of our work was to model experimental pseudomonal keratitis in rabbits using different methods of infection and to investigate the microbiological and clinical aspects of keratitis depending on the method of infection. As a result of the study, we were able to reproduce superficial and deep keratitis with different methods of infection. Our proposed method cornea infection with bacterial films on a contact lens allowed to reproduce severe keratitis with a longer release of the pathogen from the surface of the affected cornea. It was also found that the results of microbiological examination of the material from the affected eye do not correlate with the course of severe keratitis: negative results of microbiological examination did not demonstrate the elimination of the pathogen from eye tissues, which deepens into corneal tissues, that was proved with microbiological examination of the cornea autopsy samples. These models of experimental keratitis can be used to study the pathomorphology, and pathophysiology of the keratitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as to conduct experimental research of new antimicrobials and improve current guidelines for treatment of this pathology.
Improving the methods of local treatment in case of aphthous lesions on the oral mucosa
Authors: Fomina N. , Sukmanska H. , Kordon Yu. , Trofimenko J.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Contamination of the oral mucosa ulcers with opportunistic microorganisms aggravates the course of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (HRAC). Topical medicines help to eliminate inflammation rapidly and induce fast epithelization of the mucous membrane defect in patients with HRAC. The aim of the work was to create curative composition recipe for the local therapy at HRAC, resulting to higher effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy and acceleration of healing. 43 patients with HRAC were examined. Samples from the lesions were inoculated blood agar and Sabouraud agar. The conventional methods were used for microorganisms’ identification. The sensitivity of isolated strains to antibiotics and antifungals was determined. Antimicrobial activity of the proposed applicative composition was determined by the well method into agar media. It was established that the surface of patients` lesions on the oral mucosa was most often colonized with associations of Streptococci and Neisseriae, Streptococci and C. albicans. For every third patient, the erosive surface was infected with gram-negative microorganisms, including non-ferments and enterobacteria. Most of the isolated bacteria were highly sensitive to antibacterial compounds. Yeast-like fungi exhibited high resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole, 50% of them were resistant to ketoconazole, and resistance to nystatin were revealed in 81% of isolated strains. The proposed application dosage form containing vinyl, decamethoxin, essential oils of carnation and sea buckthorn had a high antimicrobial activity against isolated strains. Obtained results indicate the feasibility of the applicative composition for treatment of erosive and ulcerative lesions, which are caused by microorganisms, in dental practice.
The structure of “internal conflict” and “internal vacuum” as a result of dissociation between the choice of values and their availability in women with depression of different origin and different severity of macro-, meso- and micro-maladjustment
Authors: Isakov R.I.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The aim is to study the features of the structure of “internal conflict” and “internal vacuum” as a result of the dissociation between the choice of vital values and their availability in women with depression of different genesis and different severity of macro-, meso- and microsocial maladaptation, further targeted targets of personalized treatment and rehabilitation. The study included 94 individuals with a depressive disorder of psychogenic origin (prolonged depressive response due to an adaptation disorder), 83 women with endogenous depression (depressive episode; recurrently depressive disorder; bipolar affective disorder, current episode of depression), and 75 depressed of depression (organic affective disorders). The study was conducted using clinical psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. 48 women had no signs of psychosocial maladaptation, while the other 204 showed manifestations of macro-, meso-, and microsocial maladaptation of different severity. The study was conducted using clinical psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. The technique of studying the value orientations in the modification of O.B. Fantalova was used. The fountain. Statistical and mathematical analysis included the formation of descriptive statistics and the analysis of differences using nonparametric methods. The study revealed important patterns of transformation of the value-motivational sphere of women suffering from depressive disorders, depending on the severity of macro-, meso- and micro-social maladaptation, namely, an increase in the absolute dissociation rate as the signs of maladaptation increase in all spheres, spheres of health, active life, materially secured life, freedom as independence in actions and actions and creativity. The greatest dissociation by type of internal conflict (valuable but inaccessible) was found in the spheres of health, happy family life and material life. The greatest dissociation by type of internal vacuum (accessible but not valuable) is found in the fields of beauty of nature and art, cognition and creativity. The data obtained should be taken into account when developing treatment and rehabilitation measures for a given contingent of patients.
Structures sociales et structures génétiques dans les populations humaines
Authors: Chaix R. , Ly G. , Laurent R. , Lafosse S. , Toupance B. , Monidarin C. , Evrard O. , Bourdier F. , Pavard S.
Published: May 2020

Dans cette note, nous revenons sur les grandes lignes de la conférence donnée lors des journées de la SAP 2019 concernant le champ actuel de l’ethnogénétique, qui s’intéresse entre autres à l’influence des systèmes de parenté sur la diversité génétique des populations humaines. Nous présentons certains des résultats principaux d’une étude ethnogénétique menée en Asie du Sud-Est dans douze populations présentant des systèmes de parenté variés, à filiation patrilinéaire, matrilinéaire et cognatique. Les données ethno-démographiques et génétiques collectées montrent que les processus de résidence, de filiation et d’alliance façonnent la diversité génétique des populations humaines. Ce champ de recherche ouvre ainsi de nouvelles perspectives : mieux connaître, à partir des données génétiques, la dynamique des systèmes de parenté actuels, et retracer leur évolution à travers le temps grâce aux données archéogénétiques. Cependant, les données ethno-démographiques montrent également que le niveau d’observance des règles varie entre populations catégorisées dans un même système de parenté, ce qui module les signatures génétiques laissées par ce système de parenté et invite à une certaine prudence concernant l’inférence des structures sociales du passé à partir des données archéogénétiques. L’impact du « puzzle matrilinéaire » sur la diversité génétique autosomale est également discuté.
Material Obstacles to Protest in the Urban Built Environment
Authors: Schwedler Jillian
Published: May 2020

How has the Jordanian state sought to police protests through control of material space? How have other changes to the built environment limited possibilities for protests? This article articulates the beginnings of a new typology for understanding how changes to the built environment can create obstacles to protests. I identify three distinct changes that have affected spaces of protest: (1) the spatial expansion of the city to accommodate population growth, absorb two major waves of refugees since 2003, and facilitate massive foreign investment in urban megaprojects; (2) infrastructural development, including urban sprawl, new bypass roads and overpasses, and the services necessary for the construction of megaprojects; and (3) the policing of spaces where protests had previously taken place, in part by rendering them inaccessible. I draw on archival material, elite interviews, and ethnographic observation of protests in Amman, Jordan.
Authenticity and creativity: The development of pencak silat in Sumedang
Authors: Purwanto Semiarto Aji , Saputra Andi R
Published: May 2020

Many studies of silat have documented the jurus (moves) or aliran (streams) in silat, especially those based on tradition.Even so, there are still many things about this martial arts tradition that have not been deeply touched, for instance, how it can be developed without losing the authenticity of the tradition. We exercise it as a problem of how tradition and change should be defined, how authenticity is placed in a dynamic context, and how silat practitioners continue their creativity. Within an anthropological perspective, we put forward the case of the Perguruan Silat Garuda Putih in Sumedang to study how the individual ideas, learning process, and creations; and authenticity, structure, and power are tied together. The Sumedang silat tradition which originated from various aliran has been structured as a unique gaya (style) of fighting. The role of perguruan (silat training center), systematically keeps a beginner in silat to learn standard silat. At the end of learning, however, we believe that the process of creating moves and ibing (opening movements) shows a high dynamic amidst creativity, aligning movements with standards, maintaining authenticity, but at the same time also marking the individual characteristics of students.
Exploring the EAP needs of students of knowledge and information science: A triangulated study in Iranian EFL context
Authors: Lotfi_Gaskaree Behruz
Published: May 2020

Given the lack of a systematic and comprehensive needs analysis to inform EAP programs in Iran, the present study aimed to explore the EAP needs of students of knowledge and information science. Questionnaires, undergraduates’ self-assessment, teachers’ evaluation of undergraduates’ language abilities, and semi-structured interviews were used for eliciting data from the students (95 undergraduates and 18 graduates) and 17 teachers (9 ELT and 8 content teachers). Despite the differences between different groups of stakeholders’ perceptions on undergraduates’ present and target situation needs, the results showed that there are serious gaps between students’ present language abilities and target situation academic English demands. Moreover, the students showed difficulty with all language skills, sub-skills, components, and study skills. Low level of language proficiency made undergraduates prefer an EGP-oriented EAP course devoid of specificity. The implications provided can be used for the renewal of EAP curriculum, course design, and materials development.
Are Paragraph Theories Array of Impressions?
Authors: Owusu Edward
Published: May 2020

There are a number of functions paragraphs play in discourse studies. For example, it encourages a writer to give adequate focus to the various aspects of his or her message; and it facilitates the identification of one idea in an essay to another idea. Some classical second language writers (for example: Stern, 1976; Halliday & Hasan, 1976; Warriner, 1988; Lunsford & Connors, 1995; Driscoll & Brizee, 2000; Langan, 2001; Sekyi-Baidoo, 2003; Kirzner& Mandell, 2007; and Beare, 2012) on discourse studies have focused on key theoretical issues of paragraph theory such as: definition, types, structure and elements. Modern writers such as Bailey (2011), Rolls & Wignell (2013), Nordquist (2019) have also contributed to studies on paragraph theory. Some university students find it perplexing observing all the elements and constituents of the paragraph theory. The purpose of the paper was, therefore, to find out factors accounting for students’ problems in construction of paragraphs. This chronological paper traced the various theories of paragraph from 1970s to the 2000s, and analysed thirty (30) essay-based texts of university students in a descriptive way. Again, two texts (one each) from a non-native academic of English and a native academic of English were analysed. The results from the texts of student participants showed students’ paragraph writing flaws in areas of concluding sentence, and coherence. The study, therefore, recommended that second language teachers should pay extra attention to students’ paragraphs, especially in writing of concluding sentences, and observance of paragraph coherence.
Improving Technical Translation Ability of the Iranian Students of Translation through Multimedia: An Empirical Study
Authors: Zakeri Dina
Published: May 2020

Multimedia-assisted teaching results in eliminating traditional training barriers, facilitating cognition process and upgrading learning outcomes. This study attempted to examine the effects of implementing multimedia on teaching technical translation model and on the technical text translation ability of Iranian translation studies students. To fulfill the purpose of the study, a total of forty-six learners were selected out of fifty-seven participants in a higher education center in Tehran based on their scores in Preliminary English Test (PET) and were divided randomly in the experimental and control groups. Prior to the treatment, a technical text translation questionnaire was devised and then validated by three assistant professors of engineering fields and three assistant professors of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) at the university. This questionnaire was administered as a pretest to both groups. Control and experimental groups were trained for five successive weeks using identical course books but with a different lesson plan that allowed employing multimedia for experimental group only. The devised and approved questionnaire was administered as posttest to both groups at the end of the instruction. A multivariate ANOVA was run to compare the two groups’ means on the PET, pretest and posttest. The results showed the rejection of all null hypotheses of the study and revealed that multimedia significantly improved technical text translation ability of the learners.
Modeling AMO Factors Affecting English Teachers’ Performance Using System Dynamics
Authors: Mohammadi Moloud , Amini Faskhodi Arefe
Published: May 2020

In the knowledge age, performance evaluation is one of the vital components of each organization, and educational organizations are no exception. Teachers are believed as the single most important factor influencing students’ academic success or failure. Considering the pivotal role of teachers, educational systems need to not only be assured that teachers perform at their best to enhance student learning, they also urgently require attempting to identify strengths and weaknesses in teachers’ practice for further professional development. The AMO theory of human resource management represents that the three independent system components which characterize an individual are: ability, motivation, and opportunity. Since there are many interactions between and among the components of a system, the system dynamics approach was selected to observe the changes in the behavior of an individual (system) overt time. For the purpose of this study, three types of surveys encompassing both Likert-scaled items and open-ended surveys were developed and then English language experts and teachers were asked to take participate in the process of data gathering. The results indicated that factors of teachers’ ability and motivation will affect teachers’ performance more than opportunity factors during the next 72 months in an S-shaped manner of behavior.
Inequality in Extracurricular Education in Russia
Authors: Kosaretsky Sergey , Ivanov Ivan
Published: May 2020

The article considers the structure of the inequality of access to extra-curricular education in Russia and factors influencing it. Among the main barriers are the territorial context, urban and rural education, the families’ socioeconomic status and cultural capital. It is also showed that the factors of the inequality are also produced with strong spatial (interregional, inter-municipal) differentiation; the sector’s peculiarities of regulation and policy. Despite active measures of the state policy in increasing participation coverage of in extracurricular education and activities, the questions of social differentiation’s risks remain not solved. Tools for identifying risk categories have not been developed.
Widerstand und die Formierung von Ordnung in der digitalen Konstellation
Authors: Berg Sebastian , Thiel Thorsten
Published: May 2020

Wird digitaler Widerstand in der Politischen Theorie zum Thema, so meist mit einem Fokus auf (neue) Formen zivilen Ungehorsams wie Hacktivismus. Der Aufsatz bietet hierzu eine Alternative, indem er das Betrachtungsfeld so ausweitet, dass neben diesen Formen auch Strategien des netzpolitischen Protests und der Schaffung alternativen Infrastrukturen in den Blick genommen werden. Die systematisierende und vergleichende Analyse der Entwicklung von Widerstandsformen in der digitalen Konstellation erlaubt es, die Dynamik des Zusammenwirkens von Ordnung und Widerstand besser zu verstehen. Hieraus erwächst eine Kritik der Formierung von Herrschaft in der Gegenwart, welche die depolitisierende Restrukturierung von Handlungsund Möglichkeitsräumen für gesellschaftliche Akteur*innen im Umgang mit digitaler Technik herausarbeitet, was eine politiktheoretische Ergänzung der Kritik von Überwachungspotentialen und Privatisierungstendenzen erzeugt.
Marx als Schlüssel zu Adornos Negativer Dialektik. Oder: Adornos Negative Dialektik als Schlüssel zu Marx
Authors: Mario Schäbel
Published: May 2020

Der Aufsatz stellt die gängige Meinung infrage, Adorno habe mit seiner negativen Dialektik eine kritische Philosophie entworfen, die keinerlei Beziehung zu Marx hat. Im Gegensatz zu dieser Meinung wird argumentiert, dass die strukturelle Analogie zwischen Adornos Kritik traditioneller Theorie und Marx Kritik der politischen Ökonomie als roter Faden der Negativen Dialektik gelten kann. Zugleich wird Adorno gegenüber zeitgenössischer Kritik verteidigt, die die Wichtigkeit von Marx für ihn zwar anerkennt, jedoch die Qualität seiner Marxinterpretation anzweifelt. Abschließend wird die Bedeutung ausgelotet, welche die zuvor angestellten Überlegungen zur Wesensverwandtschaft der Theorien von Marx und Adorno, sowie insbesondere die von beiden geteilte Kritik an der Positivierung der Negation der Negation, für die Frage nach einer Aktualisierung des Begriffs Kritischer Theorie hat. Dabei steht die Negativismusauffassung sowohl von Habermas als auch von Honneth zur Disposition, die für den von beiden befürworteten Paradigmenwechsel einen zentralen Stellenwert hat.
Thyroglossal Duct Carcinoma with Concurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Lahoz Anna Claudine , Grullo Precious Eunice , Carrillo Ryner Jose
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective: To report a case of thyroglossal duct carcinoma with concurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma

Methods:

Design: Case Report

Setting: Tertiary National University Hospital

Patient: One

Results: A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with thyroglossal duct carcinoma after undergoing a Sistrunk procedure. Due to presence of thyroid nodules, the patient underwent second stage thyroidectomy with central neck dissection which revealed papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Conclusion: Thyroglossal duct carcinomas are rare entities and there is no current consensus regarding their management. Difficulties arise in the diagnosis of these tumors as they present similarly to benign thyroglossal duct cysts. Most cases are diagnosed postoperatively. Proper preoperative assessment including head and neck examination, biopsy, and radiologic imaging is necessary to recognize patients who could benefit from more aggressive management.

Keywords: thyroglossal carcinoma; thyroglossal duct cyst; papillary thyroid carcinoma
Konsep Kecerdasan Majemuk Howard Gardner
Authors: Syarifah Syarifah
Published: May 2020

The theory of Multiple Intelligences is revealed by Howard Gardner. In this theory, intelligence means the ability to solve problems or fashion products, that are valued in one or more cultural or community settings. This theory indicated that everyone has nine intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist, and existential. The multiple intelligences development can be done with educational methods included Islamic educational methods. This matter is done to establish the happy and humanist Islamic education process and to maximize child's multiple intelligences.

  

ABSTRAK

Teori Multiple Intelligences diungkapkan oleh Howard Gardner. Dalam teori ini, kecerdasan berarti kemampuan untuk menyelesaikan masalah atau produk fesyen, yang dinilai dalam satu atau lebih pengaturan budaya atau komunitas. Teori ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap orang memiliki sembilan kecerdasan: linguistik, logis-matematis, spasial, kinestetik-tubuh, musik, antarpribadi, intrapersonal, naturalis, dan eksistensial. Pengembangan kecerdasan ganda dapat dilakukan dengan metode pendidikan termasuk metode pendidikan Islam. Hal ini dilakukan untuk membangun proses pendidikan Islam yang humanis dan bahagia serta memaksimalkan kecerdasan ganda anak.
Jaminan Mutu Pendidikan Guru
Authors: Subardi Subardi
Published: May 2020

The face of the world of education in the country still faces various problems, such as the low level of equity in getting education, the low quality and relevance of education, the weak management of education, and the lack of budget allocations in education. Associated with the low quality of education is closely related to the still low competence and professionalism of teachers. To improve the quality of teachers, there is a need for policies to improve the quality of teacher education, including increasing the level of education S1 / S2 / S3 and the equalization program. In addition, there is a need for certification to improve teacher professionalism, for example PKG (Teacher Activity Center), and KKG (Teacher Working Group), Educational Workforce Training Institute (LPTK) and Teachers Association of the Republic of Indonesia (PGRI). Increasing the quality of teacher competence will in turn improve the quality of education itself.

 

Abstrak

 Wajah dunia pendidikan di tanah air masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan, seperti rendahnya pemerataan memperoleh pendidikan, rendahnya kualitas dan relevansi pendidikan, lemahnya manajemen pendidikan, dan minimnya alokasi anggaran bidang pendidikan. Berkaitan dengan rendahnya kualitas pendidikan sangat terkait dengan masih rendahnya kompetensi dan profesionalitas guru. Untuk meningkatkan mutu guru perlu adanya kebijakan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan guru, di antaranya meningkatkan jenjang pendidikan S1/S2/S3 dan program penyetaraan. Selain itu, perlu adanya sertifikasi untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru, misalnya PKG (Pusat Kegiatan Guru), dan KKG (Kelompok Kerja Guru), Lembaga Pelatihan Tenaga Kependidikan (LPTK) dan Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI). Meningkatnya kualitas kompetensi guru pada gilirannya akan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan itu sendiri.
Penilaian Mutu Perguruan Tinggi Dengan Perspektif Balance Scorecard di IAIN Syaikh Abdurahman Siddik Bangka Belitung
Authors: Marheni Marheni
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of tertiary institutions from four perspectives, namely financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business process perspective, learning and growth perspective for IAIN Sheikh Abdurahman Siddik Bangka Belitung. Based on the discussion and analysis of the data it can be concluded that 1) based on a financial perspective shows that the growth of assets and leverage shows that there is a tendency for growth; 2) Based on the measurement of the Growth and Learning perspective (Learning and Growth) explained that workers, lecturers and employees have felt the management system at the university is good; 3) Based on the measurement of the Internal Business (Internal Business Process), universities make efforts to improve the quality of students; 4) Based on the perspective of the customer (Customer) the results show that students feel the service provided is good.

 

 

ABSTRAK

 Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai mutu perguruan tinggi dilihat dari empat perspektif yaitu perspektif keuangan, perspektif pelanggan, perspektif proses bisnis internal, perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan bagi IAIN Syaikh Abdurahman Siddik Bangka Belitung. Berdasarkan pembahasan dan analisis data disimpulkan bahwa 1) berdasarkan perspektif keuangan menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan aset dan leverage menunjukkan adanya perkembangan yang cenderung meningkat; 2) Berdasarkan pengukuran perspektif Pertumbuhan dan Pembelajaran (Learning and Growth) dijelaskan bahwa  pekerja, dosen dan karyawan sudah merasakan sistem pengelolaan di universitas sudah baik; 3) Berdasarkan pengukuran Bisnis Internal (Internal Bussiness Process), perguruan tinggi melakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu mahasiwa; 4) Berdasarkan perspektif Pelanggan (Customer) berupa hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa merasakan pelayanan yang diberikan baik.
Effects of Solvent to Feed Ratio and Microwave Power on Extraction of Essential Oil from Red Guava Leaves (Psidium guajava l.) Using Microwave Hydro Distillation Method
Authors: Hangkaya Febrian Lourenso , Jariyah  , Djajati Sri , Priyanto Anugerah Dany
Published: May 2020

Essential oils are typically hydrophobic liquid mixture of natural products containingoil, volatile, and aromatic compounds extracted from plant species. This experiment was used microwave hydro distillation as extraction method to obtain the essential oils due to its efficiency. The purpose of both treatments used to increase total yield of essential oil from red guava leaves. Completely randomized design was used as experimental design with two variables and run in triplicate. The first variable is solvent to feed ratio (4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1) and the second variable is microwave power (300W and 450W). The results showed that the ratio of solvent to feed (7:1) and microwave power (450W) has the highest yield and best quality of essential oils. The best variable has some parameters, particularly yield of 1.24%, refractive index of 1.49, and density of 0.78 g/ml. Analysis of essential oil profile has some abundance compounds, namely naphtalene or β-seline at 24.45%, neointermedeol at 17.97%, and caryophyllene at 16.04%. Moreover, the IC50 value has an antioxidant activity of 41.95 ppm.
The American Past Presented
Authors: McGill William J.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by McGill.
Using Computers in Lower Division History Courses
Authors: Van Hartesveldt Fred R.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by van Hartesveldt.
Dramatizing History with a Victorian Tea
Authors: Dyson Pauline Ucci
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Dyson.
Using Database Software in Undergraduate Survey Courses
Authors: McClymer John F.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by McClymer.
A Discussion of the Values of History
Authors: Laushey David M.
Published: May 2020

Article published in Teaching History by Laushey.