bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut microecology: effective targets for natural products to modulate uric acid metabolism
Authors: Wang Hui , Zheng Yixuan , Yang Mengfan , Wang Lu , Xu Yao , You Siqi , Mao Nan , Fan Junming , Ren Sichong
Published: August 2024

Gut microecology,the complex community consisting of microorganisms and their microenvironments in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and regulating various physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have highlighted the significant impact of gut microecology on the regulation of uric acid metabolism. Natural products, including monomers, extracts, and traditional Chinese medicine formulations derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, have also been investigated for their potential role in modulating uric acid metabolism. According to research, The stability of gut microecology is a crucial link for natural products to maintain healthy uric acid metabolism and reduce hyperuricemia-related diseases. Herein, we review the recent advanced evidence revealing the bidirectional regulation between gut microecology and uric acid metabolism. And separately summarize the key evidence of natural extracts and herbal formulations in regulating both aspects. In addition,we elucidated the important mechanisms of natural products in regulating uric acid metabolism and secondary diseases through gut microecology, especially by modulating the composition of gut microbiota, gut mucosal barrier, inflammatory response, purine catalyzation, and associated transporters. This review may offer a novel insight into uric acid and its associated disorders management and highlight a perspective for exploring its potential therapeutic drugs from natural products.
Effects of global postural re-education on stress and sleep quality in health sciences female students: a randomized controlled trial pilot study
Authors: Rodríguez-Aragón Manuel , Varillas-Delgado David , Gordo-Herrera Javier , Fernández-Ezequiel Alba , Moreno-Heredero Berta , Valle Noelia
Published: August 2024

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine, for the first time, whether the application of a self-management program with global postural re-education (GPR) influences stress and sleep quality in female health science students.

Methods

In this randomized controlled trial pilot study, forty-one female health science students were randomized into a control group (n=21) and an intervention group (n=20). Participants underwent 8 weeks of self-management with and without GPR, after familiarization and therapy training. Outcomes included the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire and cortisol levels in saliva measured with the “CORTISOL Saliva ELISA SA E-6000” kit. Sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a Sleep Diary; total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO), sleep efficiency (SE), and perceived sleep quality or satisfaction were assessed using the Likert scale.

Results

After self-treatment with GPR, participants in the intervention group showed lower cortisol levels compared to the control group (p = 0.041). Additionally, the intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in sleep quality according to their PSQI (p = 0.010), STAI (p = 0.043), SOL (p = 0.049), and SE (p = 0.002).

Conclusion

This study shows that self-management through GPR helps reduce stress and improve sleep quality in female health science students.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT05488015.
Adolescents’ use and perceived usefulness of generative AI for schoolwork: exploring their relationships with executive functioning and academic achievement
Authors: Klarin Johan , Hoff Eva , Larsson Adam , Daukantaitė Daiva
Published: August 2024

In this study, we aimed to explore the frequency of use and perceived usefulness of LLM generative AI chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT) for schoolwork, particularly in relation to adolescents’ executive functioning (EF), which includes critical cognitive processes like planning, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility essential for academic success. Two studies were conducted, encompassing both younger (Study 1: N = 385, 46% girls, mean age 14 years) and older (Study 2: N = 359, 67% girls, mean age 17 years) adolescents, to comprehensively examine these associations across different age groups. In Study 1, approximately 14.8% of participants reported using generative AI, while in Study 2, the adoption rate among older students was 52.6%, with ChatGPT emerging as the preferred tool among adolescents in both studies. Consistently across both studies, we found that adolescents facing more EF challenges perceived generative AI as more useful for schoolwork, particularly in completing assignments. Notably, academic achievement showed no significant associations with AI usage or usefulness, as revealed in Study 1. This study represents the first exploration into how individual characteristics, such as EF, relate to the frequency and perceived usefulness of LLM generative AI chatbots for schoolwork among adolescents. Given the early stage of generative AI chatbots during the survey, future research should validate these findings and delve deeper into the utilization and integration of generative AI into educational settings. It is crucial to adopt a proactive approach to address the potential challenges and opportunities associated with these emerging technologies in education.
Cost-Effective Localization of Mobile Robots Using Ultrasound Beacons and Differential Time-of-Flight Measurement
Authors: Al-Hadithi Basil Mohammed , Pastor Carlos
Published: August 2024

This paper presents an innovative and cost-effective solution for the absolute localization of mobile robots using ultrasound beacons. The proposed system addresses the challenge of precise positioning within a controlled environment by employing Differential Time-of-Flight (ToF) measurements to determine the relative distances between the robot and optimally placed beacons. Unlike other ToF methods that require synchronization pulses, the proposed approach eliminates this requirement, significantly simplifying the setup and reducing system complexity. Furthermore, the system achieves a higher sampling rate than conventional synchronization-based systems, enhancing real-time performance. Detailed analysis and simulation demonstrate the system’s ability to provide accurate and reliable localization. The results highlight the potential for broad application in various robotic environments, offering a robust solution for absolute positioning without complex synchronization strategies. This work underscores the advantages of using ToF measurements with ultrasound beacons and contributes to the ongoing development of efficient and cost-effective robotic localization systems.
Effect of Solution and Aging Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 625 Deposited Metal
Authors: Wang Yingdi , Su Yunhai , Dai Zhiyong
Published: August 2024

Inconel 625 deposited metal was prepared by gas metal arc welding. The solid solution treatment temperature was set at 1140 °C for 4 h using the DSC test method, followed by secondary aging at 750 °C/4 h and 650 °C/24 h. The specimens in the prepared state and after heat treatment were subjected to high temperature tensile at 600 °C, respectively. The fracture morphology, thermal deformation behavior, and strengthening mechanism of the samples in different states were analyzed. The results showed that the stress–strain curves of the deposited metals exhibited obvious work-hardening behavior at 600 °C. The solid solution and aging heat-treated samples have higher tensile and yield strength, but the plasticity is obviously lower than that of the deposited metal. It was also found that the γ″ phase and M23C6 carbides, as well as the continuous stacking faults in the alloy, were the main reasons for the increase in tensile strength of the solution and aging heat-treated sample.
Near-Infrared On-Site Evaluation (NOSE) Examination of EBUS/EUSb Samples—A New Method for Sample Adequacy Evaluation
Authors: Votruba Jiri , Čavarga Ivan , Bruha Tomas , Sestakova Zuzana
Published: August 2024

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is crucial for modern diagnostics of endoscopic procedures and thus an efficient and reliable method for increasing biopsy yields is urgently needed. In our study, we address the limited availability and high price of the rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) technique by introducing the technique of near-infrared on-site evaluation (NOSE) consisting of spectral measurement of near-infrared radiation (NIR) transmitted through the evaluated material. For this purpose, we designed a special optical probe consisting of two fibres, of which one is a source fibre and the second is a detector fibre. The distal ends of both fibres are brought together into one bundle which is, with the help of a special extension, applied to a cuvette with an analysed sample at a defined distance from the cuvette bottom and fixed in place. A portion of the NIR radiation received by the detector fibre after it propagates through the sample then depends on the optical and therefore morphological characteristics of the sample. Based on the measured spectral curve, we can calculate the attenuation coefficient curve and subsequently the parameter of the sample richness and the parameter characterising the autofluorescence peak as well. We found that the value of our introduced parameters is in significant relation to sample richness as well as to sample malignity. NOSE evaluation of EBUS/EUSb (endobronchial/oesophageal ultrasound bronchoscopy) specimens can be considered an easy new technique aiming to improve sampling diagnostic accuracy and to diminish costs related to the presence of a cytopathologist and related instrumentation in the endoscopy suite.
Changing Levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy in Learning Objectives and Exam Questions in First-Semester Introductory Chemistry before and during Adoption of Guided Inquiry
Authors: Kowalski Eileen M. , Koleci Carolann , McDonald Kenneth J.
Published: August 2024

When General Chemistry at West Point switched from interactive lectures to guided inquiry, it provided an opportunity to examine what was expected of students in classrooms and on assessments. Learning objectives and questions on mid-term exams for four semesters of General Chemistry I (two traditional semesters and two guided inquiry semesters) were analyzed by the Cognitive Process and Knowledge dimensions of Bloom’s revised taxonomy. The results of this comparison showed the learning objectives for the guided inquiry semesters had a higher proportion of Conceptual and Understand with a corresponding decrease of Factual, Procedural, Remember and Apply learning objectives. On mid-term exams, the proportion of Remember, Understand, Analyze/Evaluate, Factual, and Conceptual questions increased. We found that guided inquiry learning objectives and mid-term exam questions are more conceptual than traditional courses and may help explain how active learning improves equity in introductory chemistry.
Innovation Off the Bat: Bridging the ChatGPT Gap in Digital Competence among English as a Foreign Language Teachers
Authors: Urazbayeva Gulsara , Kussainova Raisa , Aibergen Aikumis , Kaliyeva Assel , Kantayeva Gulnur
Published: August 2024

This research explores the guided experimental implementation of ChatGPT as a tool for developing teachers’ skills in teaching English. The intervention involved 24 in-service English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers who engaged in crafting activities and assessments using researcher-designed prompts. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the researchers assessed the participants’ ChatGPT integration proficiency through a custom-designed assessment tool aligned with the technological pedagogical content knowledge framework. The eight-week intervention introduced educators to various applications of ChatGPT in EFL teaching, including lesson planning. A quantitative analysis revealed statistically significant improvements in the teachers’ ChatGPT integration proficiency across all measured dimensions. The qualitative findings highlight the perceived benefits, challenges, and future prospects of ChatGPT in EFL education. While the practical significance of the improvement was modest, the results suggest that the guided integration of generative chatbots can bolster teachers’ ability to leverage this technology appropriately. This study contributes to the limited body of empirical research on integrating large language models into teaching and offers insights into the practical applications and challenges of using ChatGPT in EFL contexts.
Method for Landslide Area Detection Based on EfficientNetV2 with Optical Image Converted from SAR Image Using pix2pixHD with Spatial Attention Mechanism in Loss Function
Authors: Arai Kohei , Nakaoka Yushin , Okumura Hiroshi
Published: August 2024

A method for landslide area detection based on EfficientNetV2 with optical image converted from SAR image using pix2pixHD with a spatial attention mechanism in the loss function is proposed. Meteorological landslides such as landslides after heavy rains occur regardless of day or night and weather conditions. Meteorological landslides such as landslides are easier to visually judge using optical images than SAR images, but optical images cannot be observed at night, in the rain, or on cloudy days. Therefore, we devised a method to convert SAR images, which allow all-weather observation regardless of day or night, into optical images using pix2pixHD, and to learn about landslide areas using the converted optical images to build a trained model. We used SAR and optical images derived from Sentinel-1 and -2, which captured landslides caused by the earthquake on 14 April 2016, as training data, and constructed a learning model that classifies landslide areas using EfficientNetV2. We evaluated the superiority of the proposed method by comparing it with a learning model that uses only SAR images. As a result, it was confirmed that the F1-score and AUC were 0.3396 and 0.2697, respectively, when using only SAR images, but were improved by 1.52 to 1.84 times to 0.6250 and 0.4109, respectively, when using the proposed method.
The Orthopedic Upper Extremity Surgeon’s Role in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis: Making Use of Opportunistic Imaging
Authors: Ward Caitlin M. , Gullborg Eric J. , Simcock Xavier C.
Published: August 2024

Osteoporosis is an underdiagnosed and undertreated public health issue that contributes to a high financial burden on the healthcare system and imposes significant morbidity and mortality on the patient population. Upper extremity orthopedic surgeons are in a unique position to diagnose osteoporosis prior to patients suffering a fragility fracture by using imaging that they already obtain in their current workflow. The use of X-rays and CT scans can effectively diagnose osteoporosis with high sensitivity and specificity. By incorporating these diagnostic methods into standard practice, upper extremity orthopedic surgeons can play a critical role in the early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. This can prevent severe fractures, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the overall healthcare burden by initiating timely treatment and patient education. This review emphasizes the importance of opportunistic imaging in enhancing osteoporosis management and suggests that upper extremity surgeons can significantly and effectively contribute to primary and secondary fracture prevention.
Suffering without Remedy: The Medically Unexplained Symptoms of Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Long COVID
Authors: Moretti Chiara , Barker Kristin Kay
Published: August 2024

The term “Medically Unexplained Symptoms” (MUS) describes chronic symptoms for which medical investigations fail to reveal a specific pathology or biomarker. Even as MUS are among the most prevalent chronic health problems in the global north, patients who experience them reside in a nebulous space. Such nebulousness is heightened for women patients. Moreover, women report MUS at higher rates than men. In this review essay, we analyze the medicalization and feminization processes vis-à-vis MUS by focusing on two particular syndromes: Fibromyalgia (FMS) and Long COVID (LC). FMS and LC present clear parallels that allow us to trace an unhappy marriage of women and MUS. We demonstrate how the medical constructions of these two syndromes as knowledge categories are representations of medical uncertainty vis-a-vis women patients. We then scrutinize the resulting gendered consequences of these categories for the illness experience. We conclude our review by calling for a cultural reorientation in our thinking about MUS that centers a recognition that the origins and manifestations of a great deal of human suffering reside outside of medicine’s ways of knowing. In so doing, we connect to foundational claims in medical anthropology and sociology; namely, that illness is more than disease, and health cannot be achieved primarily via biomedical means.
Can the Cultural Transmission of Trans-Affirming Values Serve as a Protective Factor for Transgender/Gender-Nonconforming Youth?
Authors: Shank Ashley , Troshynski Emily
Published: August 2024

Through a social learning theoretical framework, this article seeks to understand how gender normativity is perpetuated, as well as how it results in the marginalization of transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) youth. Additionally, ways in which TGNC youth navigate oppression and how discrimination against TGNC youth may be reduced through disruption of gender normativity are explored. Using qualitative methods, including the analysis of community meeting transcripts as well as town hall meetings with gender-diverse participants, the present study will answer the following research questions: (1) how do transgender and gender-nonconforming youth navigate discrimination and marginalization? (2) How can social learning theory be leveraged to disrupt gender normativity and reduce the discrimination, marginalization, and victimization of transgender and gender-nonconforming youth? This article aims to bridge the gap in the literature by expanding on research specifically pertaining to TGNC youth and directly addressing how social learning mechanisms can both perpetuate and mitigate gender-normative ideologies.
The Effect Of Service Quality and Promotion on Dimsum Purchasing Decisions at CV. Royal Insan Mandiri in Medan
Authors: Laksana Ryan Dharmawan , Nasution Amrin Mulia Utama
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine “The Effect of Service Quality and Promotion on Dimsum Purchasing Decisions at CV. Royal Insan Mandiri in Medan”. This type of research is an associative and quantitative approach. The population in this study was 101 consumers using the Slovin formula technique, so the number of samples in this study was 50 respondents taken from part of the population. Based on the t-test of service quality with a value of tcount ttable (3,317 1,677) with a significant level of 0.002 0.05, then the promotion variable obtained tcount ttable(7,125 1,677). Partial positive and significant effect on dim sum purchasing decisions at CV. Royal Insan Mandiri. The value of Fcount28,680 is greater than Ftable of 3.19 with sig 0.0000.05, indicating that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So, it can be concluded that the variable service quality and promotion together have a positive and significant effect on dim sum purchasing decisions at CV. Royal Insan Mandiri. The coefficient of determination (KD) = R2 X 100%, to obtain KD = 0.530%. This figure shows that 53% of purchasing decisions (dependent variable) can be explained by variables of service quality and promotion. The remaining 47% is influenced by other factors that are not explained in this study.
Pengaruh Etika Profesi Terhadap Pertimbangan Tingkat Materialitas Dalam Pemeriksaan Laporan Keuangan Pada PT. Bhakti Sehat Husada Medan
Authors: Rangkuti M Ihsan , Arnita Vina
Published: August 2024

This research is titled "The Influence of Professional Ethics on the Consideration of Materiality in Financial Statement Examination at PT Bhakti Sehat Husada Medan". It employs a quantitative method aiming to determine the impact of professional ethics, using a sample of 30 individuals. The sample in this study consists of employees registered as respondents in the company PT Bhakti Sehat Husada Medan. Data collection was conducted through questionnaire distribution and documentation of the questionnaire results. In the analysis process, various tests were employed, including normality test, Multicollinearity test, Heteroscedasticity test, multiple linear regression test, R² test, as well as the F test (simultaneous) and t test (partial). The test results indicated that partially there is no effect between professional ethics (X1) and the materiality level (Y) in the company PT Bhakti Sehat Husada.
Reengineering of Proxy Logging Monitoring System in XYZ Institution
Authors: Dharmayanti Dian , Mukharil Bachtiar Adam , Ahmad F
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted to assist the head of the IT Operational & Network Education Division of the XYZ institution to reengineering the internet usage monitoring system. This monitoring system is reengineered so that query performance becomes better and the information presented is easily understood by the user. Reengineering the old system will produce a system model that is more in line with the requirements of the current system. The steps taken in this study, analysis of the monitoring system case domain, data analysis, data visualization reengineering, internet use monitoring system reengineering, software implementation and testing. In addition, testing the performance of the query system and usability testing for users from the new visualization results as the output of this study. Reengineering the internet usage monitoring system is a solution to improve query performance and make it easier for users to understand the information presented
Predicting Selling Product of Single Variant Using Arima, Trend Analysis, And Single Exponential Smoothing Methods (Case Study: Swalayan Xyz Store)
Authors: Dwiguna Sumitra Irfan , Sidqi Fajar
Published: August 2024

The availability of goods in a store is very important. Predicting is a tool that is used to help predict the data needed by an organization or company. The purpose of this study is to predict the sale of a product that has a high risk of damage and fast expiration time by using existing techniques in forecasting. Forecasting can also be used to make product stock safety at the XYZ Supermarket. The results of this study are in the form of forecasting the sale of a product in a store by using the existing methods of forecasting that are adjusted to the sales data of one product. The method used in forecasting is the ARIMA method, Trend Analysis, and Single Exponential Smoothing. Trend Analysis Method has the highest accuracy with MAPE 9.91%, which means that forecasting is very good, compared to ARIMA with MAPE 37.21% and Single Exponential Smoothing with MAPE 10%. So that the results of the Trend Analysis forecasting will be used for the decision-making process about forecasting stockpiles and stock safety in the future.
The Use of MATLAB Programming to Compare Experimental vs Modeled PEMFCs using the Nernst and Butler-Volmer’s Equation-Based Mathematical Models
Authors: Paneru Bishwash , Paneru Biplov , Pandey Nitish , Neupne Kabita , Adhikari Pukar , Poudyal Ramhari
Published: August 2024

For the analysis of  Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC’s) efficiency, the Nernst equation and Butler-Volmer's concepts were used. The mathematical models using both equations were developed in MATLAB and compiled. The results generated by the output current based on the input parameters of the experimental data were compared with the experimental results for the two modelled PEMFCs. The parameters temperature, pressure, hydrogen concentration, and oxygen concentration at different values of external resistance were used to determine the change in output current in both models built in MATLAB. This sensitivity analysis generated negative output current values and highly dissimilar values with the experimental results for the same input parameters for both models due to the less use of input parameters in the model. The results showed that the PEMFC's performance is affected by most parameters, and many influencing parameters must be used to develop a perfect mathematical model of the PEMFC.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of the analysis of the introduction of digital technologies into the practice of regional manufacturers
Authors: Takhumova O. V. , Rovshanov D. R. , Gopanovich D. M.
Published: August 2024

In the context of innovative transformations, information is a particularly valuable resource. And it is the need associated with obtaining reliable sources for the research base and making effective management decisions in production that has become the basis for the development of digital spheres of the economy. The purpose of this article is to consider issues related to evaluating the effectiveness of the introduction of digital technologies into modern production. The importance of considering the topic is due to the fact that many technological solutions are developed and implemented annually in all spheres of life. These innovations make it possible to radically change the conduct of business by automating some business processes, which, as a rule, helps to increase profits and reduce costs in the company.
Financial innovations for economic growth
Authors: Yarullin R. R. , Islamova A. A. , Tonakanyan V. A.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the impact of financial innovations to ensure economic growth. The authors attempt to reveal the essence of financial innovations. The directions in which the work on innovation for development is currently focused are considered. For the development of the Russian economy under sanctions, it is proposed to create a convenient and independent international settlement tool that will help reduce the damage from restrictions. One of the ways to solve this problem is the development and implementation of projects related to digital financial assets, such as the use of gold-backed stablecoins for international settlements. Other innovations in the financial sector are also being considered. The further introduction and development of financial innovations in Russia contributes to the renewal of the financial system, increasing the level of financial security and creating favorable conditions for economic growth. These steps can help mitigate the negative effects of sanctions and contribute to the sustainable development of the country's economy in the face of external pressure.
Abordagens terapêuticas no tratamento do TDAH: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Vasconcelos Jéssica Purini de , Pesin José Henrique Lobo , Torrieri Érico
Published: August 2024

O Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais, estabelece que o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) como um padrão de desatenção, hiperatividade e impulsividade, que atinge o funcionamento do desenvolvimento neurocomportamental, podendo acarretar distúrbios motores, perceptivos e cognitivos (DSM-5, 2014). Sendo mais frequentes em crianças, com repercussão negativa no cotidiano, há vários tipos de comorbidades que podem ser identificadas juntamente ao TDAH, tais como: problemas de socialização, familiares, emocionais e de autoestima, dificuldades em habilidades cognitivas, de linguagem e problemas de conduta (DSM-5, 2014). Diante disso, teve-se como problema o seguinte questionamento: Qual a importância do diagnóstico precoce do TDAH e como é realizada a intervenção farmacológica e não farmacológica nestes pacientes? A fim de responder essa pergunta, buscamos fazer uma revisão narrativa descritiva sobre os benefícios do tratamento precoce do TDAH; os objetivos específicos consistiram em discutir sobre os benefícios de um diagnóstico precoce associado a uma intervenção psicopedagógica a essas crianças e as consequências de um diagnóstico tardio; exemplificar quais tratamentos mais adequados para crianças portadoras de TDAH; e demonstrar que o diagnóstico precoce pode minimizar vários comprometimentos e possíveis dificuldades no futuro.
The use of resveratrol in the fight against Cancer in women: a review
Authors: Andreato Camilla Cavasin , Kulpe Adriana , Fett Waleria Christiane Rezende , Fett Carlos Alexandre
Published: August 2024

Cancer continues to be a major global health challenge, especially among women. Recent scientific studies have focused on resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenol found in various foods, as a potential supplementary therapy for cancer. This review assesses the existing evidence on resveratrol's effects on cancer cells, examining its mechanisms, potential benefits, and clinical implications. Research involved analyzing articles sourced from PUBMED with keywords: "(resveratrol) AND (cancer) AND (women)" (197 articles), "(resveratrol) AND (ovarian cancer)" (149 articles), and "(resveratrol) AND (endometrial cancer)" (21 articles). The selection was based on the specificity of results concerning resveratrol’s role in combating women’s cancer, with the most recent articles chosen in cases of redundancy. RSV has demonstrated capabilities to inhibit cancer cell viability and proliferation, including in breast cancer. It influences cell signaling, enhancing apoptosis and reducing tumor growth, and regulates cyclins and kinases to arrest the cell cycle, curbing uncontrolled cell division. RSV’s anti-inflammatory properties potentially suppress tumor progression, and its antioxidant activity activates enzymes to shield cells from oxidative harm, lowering cancer risks. Despite RSV’s promising potential, more research is needed to determine the ideal dosages, safety, and long-term impacts. Maintaining a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and RSV-containing foods is vital for cancer prevention. RSV supplementation emerges as a promising support in combating cancer.
Estado hiperglicêmico hiperosmolar: desafios diagnósticos e estratégias terapêuticas avançadas
Authors: Honório Danilo Rodrigues , Pereira Rubens Maciel Martins , Aguiar Bruna Sousa , Rodrigues Brendon Arpini , Dourado Janaína Dominguez
Published: August 2024

O Estado Hiperglicêmico Hiperosmolar (EHH) é uma complicação aguda e grave do Diabetes Mellitus, particularmente prevalente no tipo 2. Caracterizado por hiperglicemia severa e hiperosmolaridade sérica, o EHH difere da Cetoacidose Diabética (CAD) pela ausência de cetoacidose, embora compartilhe algumas complicações comuns. A fisiopatologia do EHH envolve a presença de uma produção mínima de insulina, suficiente para inibir a lipólise e a formação de corpos cetônicos, mas insuficiente para prevenir uma hiperglicemia extrema. Esse cenário leva à hiperosmolaridade sérica e diurese osmótica, resultando em desidratação significativa e possíveis complicações tromboembólicas. A etiologia do EHH é multifatorial, envolvendo fatores como infecções, uso inadequado de medicamentos e desidratação severa. Os pacientes frequentemente apresentam sintomas iniciais como poliúria, polidipsia e perda de peso, que evoluem para desidratação severa, fraqueza, insuficiência renal, e alterações neurológicas, incluindo confusão mental e convulsões. O diagnóstico é baseado em uma combinação de critérios clínicos e laboratoriais, incluindo níveis extremamente elevados de glicose e hiperosmolaridade sérica, sem a presença de cetoacidose. O tratamento do EHH é complexo e exige uma abordagem agressiva e cuidadosa para corrigir a desidratação e a hiperglicemia. A administração de fluidos intravenosos e a monitorização rigorosa são fundamentais para evitar complicações adicionais, como o edema cerebral. O prognóstico é geralmente reservado, com uma taxa de mortalidade mais alta comparada à CAD, especialmente entre a população idosa e aqueles com múltiplas comorbidades. Contudo, o manejo adequado e o diagnóstico precoce podem melhorar significativamente os desfechos. Perspectivas futuras para o tratamento do EHH incluem o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas e a melhoria das diretrizes de manejo, com o objetivo de reduzir a mortalidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A pesquisa contínua e a atualização das práticas clínicas são essenciais para enfrentar os desafios associados a essa condição complexa e potencialmente fatal.
Cetoacidose diabética: fisiopatologia, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção
Authors: Sachett Mônica Linhares , Reis Analú Holanda Jordão dos , Sabatino Gabriela Cordeiro , Lima Carolina Pereira de , Pinto Wandreska Katywscia
Published: August 2024

A cetoacidose diabética (CAD) é uma complicação aguda do diabetes mellitus, caracterizada por uma tríade composta de hiperglicemia, acidose metabólica e cetonemia. A fisiopatologia da CAD envolve a deficiência absoluta ou relativa de insulina, associada ao aumento dos hormônios contrarreguladores, como glucagon, catecolaminas, cortisol e hormônio do crescimento. Esses fatores levam à lipólise e à subsequente produção excessiva de corpos cetônicos, resultando em acidose metabólica. Além disso, a hiperglicemia promove diurese osmótica, contribuindo para a desidratação e desequilíbrios eletrolíticos, exacerbando o quadro clínico. O diagnóstico da CAD é estabelecido por meio da avaliação clínica e de exames laboratoriais, que incluem a medição da glicemia, dosagem de cetonas no sangue ou na urina, e análise dos gases arteriais para determinar o pH e o bicarbonato. A presença de hiperglicemia, cetonemia e acidose metabólica são indicadores clássicos desse estado de emergência médica. O tratamento da CAD requer uma abordagem imediata e multifatorial, envolvendo a reposição volêmica para corrigir a desidratação, a administração de insulina intravenosa para reduzir a glicemia e a cetonemia, e a correção dos desequilíbrios eletrolíticos, especialmente o potássio. Em paralelo, é essencial identificar e tratar os fatores precipitantes, como infecções ou falhas na adesão ao tratamento com insulina. A prevenção depende de um controle glicêmico rigoroso, da educação em saúde e da promoção do automonitoramento, capacitando o paciente a reconhecer sinais precoces de descompensação. O manejo a longo prazo inclui o acompanhamento regular com uma equipe multidisciplinar, a fim de prevenir recidivas e melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente. Por fim, a CAD é uma condição grave que exige intervenção rápida e eficaz. A compreensão dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos, aliada a um diagnóstico preciso e tratamento adequado, é fundamental para a prevenção de complicações e o manejo bem-sucedido da condição a longo prazo.
Obesidade: abordagens contemporâneas no controle de comorbidades, gestão metabólica e intervenções terapêuticas baseadas em evidências
Authors: Rocha Gabriela Moura , Dourado Alice Dominguez , Cótica Lara Figueira Aguiar , Lelis Leonardo Vecchia Rodrigues , Oliveira Túlio Chamone de
Published: August 2024

A obesidade é um desafio global que envolve mais do que o simples controle de peso, abrangendo comorbidades e complicações metabólicas. Abordagens contemporâneas no manejo da obesidade integram estratégias visando tanto a redução de peso quanto o tratamento das condições associadas. Comorbidades como diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão e doenças cardiovasculares exigem uma abordagem multifacetada. Medicamentos como agonistas do GLP-1 e inibidores da SGLT2 mostram eficácia na redução de peso e controle glicêmico, oferecendo benefícios adicionais na gestão dessas condições. No entanto, esses tratamentos podem ter efeitos colaterais e exigir monitoramento constante. Mudanças no estilo de vida, incluindo dietas saudáveis e exercício físico regular, são cruciais para o controle dessas comorbidades. Na gestão metabólica de pacientes obesos, a melhoria dos marcadores metabólicos é uma prioridade. Dietas ricas em proteínas e fibras, combinadas com atividade física regular, mostram eficácia na saúde metabólica. Programas de educação nutricional personalizados também são importantes, apesar dos desafios relacionados à adesão e manutenção a longo prazo. Intervenções terapêuticas baseadas em evidências incluem mudanças no estilo de vida, dietas personalizadas, tratamentos farmacológicos e cirúrgicos. A eficácia dessas abordagens varia com as necessidades individuais dos pacientes, exigindo ajustes contínuos para melhores resultados. Desafios persistem na prevenção e tratamento da obesidade, como adesão ao tratamento, custos elevados e necessidade de estratégias personalizadas. A resistência a mudanças no estilo de vida e fatores socioeconômicos podem limitar a eficácia das intervenções, demandando novas soluções inovadoras. A pesquisa futura deve explorar novas terapias e abordagens personalizadas para melhorar o tratamento e a prevenção da obesidade. Em resumo, estratégias contemporâneas combinam abordagens baseadas em evidências para manejar comorbidades e otimizar a gestão metabólica, oferecendo perspectivas promissoras.
Assincronias ventilatórias em pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Freitas Neto Valdemiro , Sá Emanuely Gomes de Pádua , Pereira Vinicius Freire , Borges Filho Angelo Marcos , Batista Leonardo Nascimento de Sousa , Braga Guilherme Zacarias Queiroz de Barros , Sousa Luan Amaral Magalhães , Santos João Gabriel Duarte , Simão Sahda Elouf , Costa Alanys Gabriella Bruzaca Castro da , Almeida Haline Cristina Gonçalves Dantas de , Soares Guilherme Santos , Licar João Marcelo Damasceno , Oliveira Kellory Silva , Santos Isabella Peixoto dos , Luz Larissa Valéria Feio da , Lima Milena Catarina Sousa , Costa Guilherme Albuquerque de Araujo , Sousa Layla Kamenny Coelho de , Pereira Juliana Lobato Miranda , Sousa Kawana Teles , Campelo Raul Enzo Froes , Freitas Marisa de Sá , Araújo Bianca Regina Martins Nunes
Published: August 2024

As assincronias ventilatórias representam um desafio importante no manejo de pacientes sob ventilação mecânica, podendo comprometer tanto a eficácia do tratamento quanto o conforto do paciente. Este trabalho tem como objetivo entender essas assincronias, suas causas e as melhores práticas para corrigi-las. O estudo focou em analisar assincronias ventilatórias, que ocorrem quando há desarmonia entre as necessidades respiratórias do paciente e o suporte oferecido pelo ventilador mecânico. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, como metodologia de pesquisa, em plataformas como Google Acadêmico, SciELO e PubMed, visando identificar e entender os diferentes tipos de assincronias, suas causas específicas e as abordagens mais eficazes para sua correção. Os resultados destacam assincronias comuns como gatilho ineficaz, auto disparo, duplo disparo, disparo reverso e ciclagem precoce ou tardia, cada uma exigindo intervenções específicas. O estudo enfatiza que a correção dessas assincronias depende de um entendimento profundo dos modos ventilatórios e dos mecanismos fisiológicos, além de ajustes precisos nas configurações do ventilador. Conclui-se que a abordagem personalizada e proativa no manejo das assincronias é crucial para melhorar os desfechos clínicos e a eficácia do tratamento, garantindo um cuidado ventilatório mais seguro e eficiente.
The Role of Organizational Culture in The Relationship Between Workforce Diversity and Employee Performance of Generation Y
Authors: Melinda Melinda , Nuraini Endah
Published: August 2024

Workforce diversity is a common problem among employees. However, according to Forbes, the application and literature on this topic still need to be improved, even though it is considered a major issue. This research aims to determine the role of organizational culture in the relationship between employee diversity and employee performance, focusing on the Indonesian Y generation who have worked on the island of Java for at least one year. A total sample of 345 Generation Y workers on Java Island was used, and PROCESS MACRO by Hayes was used to determine the role of organizational culture. The research results show that workforce diversity significantly and positively affects organizational culture. Organizational culture has a significant and positive effect on employee performance. Workforce diversity has a significant and positive effect on employee performance. In addition, it was found that organizational culture does not act as a moderator but rather acts as a mediator in the relationship between workforce diversity and employee performance. This role was found to be a mediator after further analysis was carried out. It is highly recommended that future researchers use a more significant number of samples and islands other than Java or choose certain industries to enrich research results. Additionally, the use of other diversity attributes may contribute to the diversity of results.
A Delphi Method Exploration of Performance Pressures and Ethical Leadership Compromises in Business Organizations
Authors: Ngcobo Lloyd Senzo , Reddy Colin David
Published: August 2024

A deep understanding of the dynamics between performance pressures and ethical leadership becomes crucial in an era of stressful economic recovery. This research explores the complex relationship between organizational performance pressures and ethical leadership, focusing on how these pressures impact ethical decision-making and the challenges of maintaining ethical integrity in demanding environments. Employing a convenience sampling method and the rank-type Delphi method, the study engaged 40 experts from both academic and practical fields to identify and rank key performance pressures that compromise ethical leadership. Significant pressures identified include the imperative to generate positive financial reports, achieve greater efficiency, withstand competitive pressures, and pursue aggressive growth strategies, all eroding ethical leadership. These pressures lead to unethical practices, such as falsifying financial reports, exploiting working conditions, unfair competition, and aggressive merger and acquisition tactics. The findings underscore the critical need for leaders to recognize and manage these pressures effectively to foster an environment conducive to ethical leadership. This study contributes valuable insights into the mechanisms by which performance pressures undermine ethical leadership and highlights the importance of cultivating a culture that promotes normative behavior and addresses ethical challenges, thereby enriching the existing body of knowledge on organizational ethics and leadership.
On the Importance of Contextualizing an Educational Escape Room Activity
Authors: Gonzalez-Calero Pedro Antonio , Camps-Ortueta Irene , Gutiérrez-Sánchez Pablo , Gómez-Martín Pedro Pablo
Published: August 2024

This paper describes the design and evaluation of "Enigma Bio", an educational escape room activity that aims to convey the abstract concept of biodiversity to children between 11 and 13 years of age, making them aware of the importance of climate change and its impact on biodiversity. The design of Enigma Bio is closely linked to the Biodiversity exhibition at the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Madrid, designed for a visit in groups of between 20 and 30 children, with an approximate duration of one hour, running on mobile devices and including augmented reality technology. The purpose of this research is to determine whether, in the case of educational escape room activities in museums with a limited time duration, it is more effective to have a pre-session introducing the topic. Our hypothesis is that without the context of the pre-explanation, the playful component of the game may be too powerful and may cause children not to pay enough attention to the message that the game intends to communicate, and even more so when dealing with a complex message such as the effect of climate change on biodiversity. To answer this research question, we follow an A/B testing experimental design involving two groups of children, one of which received an introductory talk on biodiversity and climate change before going to the museum and the other did not. The experimental design is completed with a pre-post evaluation of the children's environmental awareness by means of a previously validated questionnaire. The results of the experiment provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the pre-session introduction in enhancing the learning outcomes of short educational escape room activities. Significant differences were observed between pre- and post-activity tests, indicating a moderate overall increase in awareness scores within both individual groups (A and B) as well as across the combined results. The findings suggest that the pre-session introduction indeed plays a role in enhancing students' awareness of the targeted message. These results represent a breakthrough in the e-learning practice that will be of value to other designers of educational escape rooms with a limited time duration.
TRADITIONAL WAR GAMES OF THE DON COSSACKS OF THE XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Яровой Андрей Викторович
Published: August 2024

Современные этноспортивные состязания донских казаков - шермиции - требуют исторического и этнографического обоснования. Проблема аутентичности современных игр решается обращением к историческим источникам. Для донских казаков такими источниками могут служить работы ранних историков и этнографов, а также материалы, содержащиеся в архивах Ростовской области.

Modern ethnosport competitions of the Don Cossacks require historical and ethnographic justification. The problem of authenticity of modern games is solved by referring to historical sources. For the Don Cossacks, such sources can be the works of early historians and ethnographers, as well as materials contained in the archives of the Rostov region.
FORMATION THE STATE TRETYAKOV GALLERY COLLECTION OF CONTEMPORARY GRAPHICS IN THE 1920S
Authors: Петрова Дарья Александровна
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена изучению исторического опыта Третьяковской галереи в области формирования коллекции графики. Анализируются концептуальные подходы и формы комплектования фондов, рассматриваются итоги формирования коллекции рисунков за первое послереволюционное десятилетие.

The article is devoted to the study of the historical experience of the Tretyakov Gallery in the field of the formation of graphic collections. Conceptual approaches and forms of collection of funds are analyzed, the results of the formation of a collection of drawings for the first postrevolutionary decade are considered.
RELIGIOUS INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE AS A SOCIO-CULTURAL PHENOMENON AND OBJECT OF STATE PROTECTION
Authors: Пепеляева Софья Валерьевна
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается понятие «нематериальное культурное наследие» с нормативно-правовой точки зрения, обозначается история его закрепления в международной и отечественной культурной политике. Дается характеристика такого феномена социокультурного пространства, как «религиозное нематериальное культурное наследие», а также предлагаются рекомендации, направленные на усиление эффективности функционирования системы охраны нематериального культурного наследия Российской Федерации.

The article defines the term "intangible cultural heritage" from the legal point of view, discusses the stages of its consolidation in the international and Russian cultural policy. The author characterizes such phenomenon of socio-cultural space as "religious intangible cultural heritage" and offers a number of recommendations, which are aimed at improving the efficiency of the system of intangible cultural heritage protection in the Russian Federation.
IVAN KRAMSKOY. THE ARTIST'S RELIGIOUS DRAMA Part III. Portraits
Authors: Катасонов Владимир Николаевич
Published: August 2024

В статье анализируются философские и богословские аспекты портретного творчества И.Н.Крамского. Обсуждаются взгляды современников художника на портретную живопись: Н.В.Гоголь, Л.Н.Толстой, И.С.Тургенев.

The article analyzes the philosophical and theological aspects of the portrait work of I. N. Kramskoy. The author discusses the views of the artist's contemporaries on portraiture: N. V. Gogol, L. N. Tolstoy, I. S. Turgenev.