bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical and economic optimization of fuel facilities – energy complex using elements of fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks
Authors: Rutskov A L , Fedorov Ya P , Volkov L V
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the possibilities of optimizing the fuel and energy complex by improving the accuracy of the forecast of the state in both the operational and medium-term periods: from an hour to several years. The model used to implement the mentioned energy efficiency improvement is based on the use of fuzzy neural networks together with the function of minimizing power losses in the elements of electric power systems. The Mamdani modification is used, which takes into account the database of previous periods of the system state, represented as static load characteristics. The organization of this approach allows you to take into account weakly formalized factors, thereby improving the quality of forecasting and dispatching management. At the same time, it is possible to use models for a wide class of objects, which is achieved due to its scalability. The estimation of forecasting accuracy of the proposed approach exceeds similar indicators of currently used statistical methods and regression implementations. These factors are direct economic drivers of reducing production costs.
Forecasting of the group of power system’s technical condition composite index and demand for heat energy by office buildings using an artificial neural network
Authors: Guzhov S V , Andreeva T Y , Sofronitsky A P
Published: March 2021

Support of a sustained reduction of energy resource consumption by implementing advanced energy-efficient technologies, including alternative and renewable energy sources, requires a well-reasoned selection of the cost-effective measures so it can be replicated at the «green construction» sites. One of the basic approaches in forming of the present-day policy in the ecofriendly and energy-saving trends became a scaling effect of what has been achieved from the «green construction» technologies implementation at similar sites in Moscow. The actuality and scientific novelty of this paper lie in the development of the evaluation algorithm of energy and as a result of echo-economic efficiency of different measures for energy-saving, the adaptation of the forecasting methodology for building’s technical condition index application, review of the alternative and renewable energy source technologies implementation at the «green construction» sites in the Moscow region, analysis of the technical and ecological efficiency actual values of the utilized energy-saving methods and technologies. Monitoring and dispatching of a large number of separate power plants require special ways of collecting, processing, and analyzing information about the condition of water, heat, fuel, and electricity supply systems to ensure reliability and stability of the equipment functioning. Failures necessitate maintenance works at facilities by way of equipment repair as well as replacement. The consumers may impose penalties on the heat supply company for violating heat energy supply obligations as well as on the building’s owner for incorrect equipment maintenance. The objective of this paper is to determine an approach that helps to develop a software program, based on the neural network programming, to calculate the forecasting composite index of building’s energy system, «green construction» facilities ecological and economic efficiency examination and feasibility evaluation of their further replication in Moscow region.
Mathematical description of wave propagation in order to assess the efficiency of the wave energy converter and find its optimal characteristics
Authors: Bekirov E A , Asanov M M , Murtazaev E R
Published: March 2021

The potential for using wave energy is very high. According to various estimates, the energy of the world’s ocean waves can range from 146 TWh/year to 29,500 TWh/year. A number of mathematical models have been developed for the wave parameters analysis. The mathematical description of wave behaviour is a very complex process. Not least this is due to the complexity of the interaction of the wind that forms the waves with the water surface. As for the Black Sea, the mean annual wave power flux in this region can reach 4.8 kW/m. Such conclusions were made on the basis of modelling; the input was data on bathymetry of the region, wind speed and its direction. The obtained results on significant wave height, wave length and period were compared with the data obtained from the satellite. Many devices that convert wave energy into electrical energy have been developed. The choice of a particular device is based on a number of factors, including the installation site characteristics, weather conditions and economic opportunities. The article proposes a simple mathematical model of a wave, representing it in the form of a sinusoid. It is possible to estimate the wave energy conversion theoretical potential in a given region by analysing the obtained values of the energy received by the converter working surface (for example, turbine blade) after interacting with the wave. Calculations were carried out using the parameters of the Black Sea waves near the Crimean peninsula in winter.
Battery energy storage systems (bess) state of the art
Authors: Jose Deepa , Meza Jhonatan , Prashanth J S
Published: March 2021

This article presents a review of the battery energy storage method or BESS for its acronym in English (Battery Energy Storage System), considering that the era of high capacity storage batteries is approaching and why historically the storage of energy did not appear in the planning or operation of electrical systems. However, this solution is currently setting a global trend for having high levels of efficiency and why it is also being driven by the need to modernize the network in order to increase the use of renewable energies.
Thermal aspect of material selection for substrate board equipped with high heat flux IC chips
Authors: Durgam Shankar , Bhosale Ajinkya , Bhosale Vivek , Deshpande Revati , Sutar Pankaj
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates the material selection for substrate board equipped with nine silicon heaters that mimic IC chips. This includes computational research on laminar forced convection air cooling of silicon IC chips in electronic components mounted on substrate boards subjected to high uniform heat fluxes in a horizontal channel. Copper clad boards with single and multilayer having thermal conductivities of 8.8, 40.5, and 61.5 W/m K are the substrate materials used in this study. Three-dimensional steady-state conjugate heat transfer with laminar non-isothermal fluid flow module is used from COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 to study fluid flow and heat transfer. Simulations performed with flowing air velocities of 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 m/s with very high heat fluxes of 10000, 12500, and 15000 W/m2. It showed that the temperature on subsrate board strongly depends upon placement of heaters, Reynolds number, substrate thermal conductivity. It also found that higher thermal conductivity substrate materials results in heat transfer enhancement and decrease chances of failures of electronic devices. A non-dimensional temperature based correlation is also devised in therms of non-dimensional heat flux, thermal conductivity, Nusselt number, and Reynolds number.
Construction of a Physical Device for Abduction Movement Enhancement
Authors: Devayani Moghe Dr. , Kashinath Sahoo Dr. , Varadharajulu Dr. G. , Suraj Kanase Dr.
Published: March 2021

The present research has made an attempt to theorize a physical device using the scientific method which will provide support to shoulder joint of a user. This physical orthotic device includes a rigid support, at least one pair of electrodes, at least one strap and the at least one-second strap. The rigid support is having an outer surface and an inner surface and is resting against the shoulder joint. The at least one strap is arranged on the rigid support to wrap around an upper arm of the shoulder joint for securing the orthotic device on the shoulder joint of the user. The at least one-second strap is extending from the rigid support and adapted to wrap around an armpit of a second shoulder joint for efficiently treating a subluxation condition.
Predictions of fugacity coefficients of pure substances from equations of state
Authors: Kaur S , Akhouri B P
Published: March 2021

This aim of this paper is to predict fugacity coefficients from newly developed equations of state. The fugacity coefficients have been calculated for Methane and Caron di-oxide from equations of state of Soave Redlic Kwong (SRK), Peng Robinson (PR) and Twu Sim Tassone (TST) taking reduced temperatures, Tr
of interest from each of the three ranges 0<Tr
<1, 1<Tr<3 and 1<T <5.5 together with the reduced pressures, Pr
in steps of 0.2 in the range 0<P <10. The calculated results of fugacity coefficients were compared with the available fugacity coefficient data for Beattie-Bridgeman (BB) equation. The calculations suggest that the TST equation of state is most suitable in predicting the fugacity coefficient of pure substances.
A study on 6063aa elliptical and semi-circular cross-section tpct with fe3o4 nano fluid
Authors: Arokiya Pushparaj D. , Karunakaran Dr. N. , Alagappan Dr. N.
Published: March 2021

Thermosyphon is the most preferred device to transfer heat for it costs low, requires comparatively low maintenance, besides being adaptable to any size. The ship transfer characteristics in this cooling system get enhanced by the use of the working fluid this paper deals with the elliptical and semicircular Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon (TPCT) range of efficiency when it is added with Fe3O4 nanofluid. A number of tests are conducted with elliptical and semicircular TPCT with Fe3O4 with the inevitable input parameters such as heat input, inclination and pure water flow rate to obtain the output result of efficiency. The results of the experiments with thermosyphons proved the fact that the thermal performance has improved with the incorporation of elliptical TPCT combined with Fe3O4 Nano.
Effectiveness on mechanical properties of m60 grade scc with partial replacement of cement by different mineral admixture like ggbs, lime powder and metakaolin at various percentages
Authors: kumar Polampally Vinod , Satyanarayana Dr. G.V.V
Published: March 2021

Production of cement brings about the discharge of green house gases which at last prompts an unnatural weather change on one hand. On other hand consumption of crude materials like lime stone. So by utilizing elective materials we can lessen the creation of cement. Presently a day’s the majority of the analysts are centered around replacement of cement with other mineral admixtures like Ground granulated blast furnanace slag(GGBS),Metakaolin and lime powder and so forth without bargaining its mechanical properties and durability. Self compacting concrete doesn’t need vibration for setting and compaction. This paper presents the outcomes on various mechanical properties of self compacting concrete utilizing the standard Portland cement, GGBS, lime powder and metakaolin as binding material in making concrete. The hardened concrte properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength are found in trial work and comparison made with normal concrete.
Evaluation of optimum dosage in blended self curing concrete on the impact of supplementary cementitious materials (scm’s) and durability studies on different proportions
Authors: Vivek Kumar C , Parvez Mohammed Aiman , Srinivas Dr. T.
Published: March 2021

Now a days, the shortage of potable water increases, for domestic and commercial purposes due to environmental conditions. Due to this scarcity, curing of concrete is affected and in this point of view water assets are more valuable every day and becomes more economical. Traditional Curing used for retaining moisture within the concrete elements during the early days and beyond to develop the desired properties in terms of strength & durability. To develop the modern era curing, a few of self-curing agents like Super Absorbent Polymers, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 400) has been used for internal curing of concrete used for reducing the hydration process. In this experimental study, Supplementary Cementitious Materials like Class F Flyash, Silica Fume and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), have been casted for 65%+25%+15% (M2), 65%+20%+15% (M6), 65%+25%+10% (M10) and 65%+20%+15% (M11) of optimal mix proportions. The sorptivity assessments have being carried out on all blended mixes of Self Cured Concrete with size of 15 cm x 15cm x15cm. The pH value of the acidic medium was at 0.45 by submerging in acid, the specimen samples are brought out and were cleaned in repeatedly with water and kept in atmospheric condition for two days for constant weight and then the specimens are balanced using weighing scale and loss in weight and hence the percentage in loss of weight was premeditated within and after 28 days with different mix proportion of M30 grade of concrete supplementary cementitious materials like Flyash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Silica Fume with PEG 400 as 1% by its weight.
Schedule delay analysis of a multi-storied residential project using primavera
Authors: Ch Balakrishna , Anand Goud K , Prakash Akula , Mounika Kandlagunta
Published: March 2021

: Procrastination in schedule is a major problem for any construction project. Completing the project on time is a very hard task as the delay in construction occurs due to various factors. Loss of time and money are the outcomes of the delay in the project. The delay may occur through various factors, which are mostly unpredictable. These delays cause losses to the contractor; sometimes this may also lead to discontinuation of the contract and affect the possession date of the project. It is necessary to determine the factors that are responsible for the delay. In this study, schedule delay analysis is conducted on the construction of a multi-storied residential project and the factors and parties responsible for the delays are found out. Many unforeseen factors and ignored issues that lead to the delay are identified. Using various features and tools of Primavera software, the schedule delay analysis is conducted, and an alternate schedule is created with increased resources and time so that it reduces the effect of delays, which would be worthwhile to the contractor and all other parties involved in the project.
Near-Field Fractal RFID Reader Antenna for Item Level Tagging
Authors: Varadhan Chitra , Arulselvi Dr
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a novel methodology for designing near-field fractal antenna operating at European Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems. The principle of Oppositely Directed Current (ODC) technique is implemented to generate homogeneous magnetic field above the surface area meant for near-field RFID application. The conceptual theoretical framework of the design based on the fractal structure can be applied. The fabricated RFID reader antenna operates at 867 MHz with reflection coefficient S11 -30 dB, thus the reader antenna covering UHF RFID band range. The reading capabilities of the antenna are determined by the interrogation area of, 190mm x 243mm. It is adequate for object tracking and detection systems in pharmaceutical management and chemical industries.
Experimental validation of laser powder bed fusion simulation
Authors: Minetola P , Stiuso V , Calignano F , Galati M , Khandpur M S , Fontana L
Published: March 2021

In many industrial sectors, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is the main additive manufacturing technology for producing end-usable metal parts. Although L-PBF technique has been developed in the last twenty years, ensuring process feasibility and achieving maximum product quality at the first building session is still a difficult goal to pursue. Simulation software packages are available in the market for the prediction of induced stresses and deformation in L-PBF products to help the user getting the part right at the first time. In this paper, Amphyon software by Additive Works is tested and experimentally validated for the production of Ti6Al4V parts in an EOSINT M270 Dual Mode machine. First, the sensitivity of the software is evaluated by changing the main process parameters by +/- 20% with respect to Ti64 reference values. After calibration, the software is validated by comparison of the predicted deformed shape of a reference part with the real geometry using 3D scanning. Experimental results show that Amphyon software is able to predict the deformed shape for L-PBF parts correctly. The deviations from the real geometry depend on a simplified simulation model that considers a limited set of parameters for the L-PBF process.
Effect of process parameters on material removal rate in magnetic abrasive flow machining of Al/SiC/B4C metal matrix composites
Authors: Jindal Anil , Kumar Parlad , Mittal Sushil
Published: March 2021

In the recent times, the necessity for magnetic abrasive flow machining (MAFM) process in the industry arises as it is superior to conventional machining processes. MAFM is used to obtain high surface finishing and materials removal rate for the cylindrical, complex and intricate profiles. In this paper, the effect of process parameters has been studied on the material removal rate in MAFM process of metal matrix composites of Al/SiC/B4C prepared by stir casting process. The process parameters are magnetic field, extrusion pressure, no. of cycles, mesh size of abrasives, workpiece material and concentration of abrasives.Taguchi design of experiments has been used for design of experiments and the analysis of variance technique has been used to check the significance level of each input parameter. The results show that the intensity of magnetic field has a dominant effect on the material removal rate.
Numerical investigation of inter-linked parallel micro-channel heat sinks
Authors: Ansari Munib Qasim , Zhou Guobing
Published: March 2021

Parallel micro-channel heat sinks linked with a joint are investigated in this paper. Channels are analyzed for laminar flow (water) under constant heat flux. The considered channels with same hydraulic diameter (776 ) are investigated for two different dimensional variations of connecting link with parallel flow and the comparison of parallel and counter flow in the channels. It is found that the varying dimension of joining link has a little influence on the over-all thermal hydraulic performance. Performance index decreases in the cases of either increasing the height (J) or width (W) of the joint at higher Reynolds number (1000 and 1200). Convective heat transfer (Nu) marginally improves with the increasing J. Inter-linked micro-channels with counter flow has given improved convective heat transfer but with an increase in frictional factor. The Nu with counter flow is found almost 15% higher than that with parallel flow at Re = 1200. The design can be further explored based on present calculations for a positive addition of designing micro-channel heat sinks.
The Influence of Waste Tire Powder on the Properties of Waste Tire Powder/Polypropylene Plastic Composite
Authors: Ruey Ong Huei , Mohd Eqhwan Iskandar Wan , Ezzaty Masiren Emyra , Rahman Khan Md. Maksudur , Ramli Ridzuan , Mohamed Halim Rohaya , Khairul Anuar Mohamed Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The use of waste tire powder (WTP) as a polypropylene (PP) property enhancer in plastic composite has been prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and mechanical testing have been used to measure the properties of PP/WTP. Sample morphology shows that there are no impurities in post-fracture images on both PP and PP/WTP. Apart from that, it can be seen that the surface of PP / WTP is slightly smooth. PP and PP/WTP are nearly similar in the FTIR spectrum. During tensile and flexural tests, the PP/WTP value drops as the WTP amount increases. For elongation break and impact testing, PP/WTP at 40% WTP exhibits highest strength value compare to other samples. In all cases, WTP with smallest range of size (250–500 µm) shows better mechanical performance compare to other sizes. PP/WTP plastic composite has a highly great potential to be used in most plastic manufacturing industry and sustain the green environment by taking the advantage of waste tire powder.
Improvement of Health Care System by Using Lean Tools: A Case Study
Authors: Hasan M , Sakib M N , Rafiquzzaman M , Uddin M J
Published: March 2021

Densely populated countries like Bangladesh are facing challenges in the health care system with overcrowding, cost containment, and inadequate arrangement of the health care center in terms of increasing demand from patients. Running health care systems all over the country both private and public are unable to satisfy patients because of miss management, waste of time, and the lack of service. To identify and reduce the problem in the health care system, lean management plays an important role all over the world. Value stream mapping (VSM) is one of the proven widely used Lean techniques, to identify the flow of work, information, and structure for reducing waste of time and service stress which helps to make a good relationship between administration and service holder. VSM is a very primary stage in the Bangladesh health care system. This research aims to improve the health care system in Bangladesh and the study focuses on applying VSM at the cardiology department in Khulna Medical College Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh. A patient survey is done for comparison of numerical results to real-life data in the cardiology department of Khulna Medical College hospital. In this study it could be shown that after implementing the VSM technique, the patient capacity increased by 39%, Ideal time improve 9.62% as well as utilizing time increase by 38.46%. This result inspires large scale implementation of the lean tool in the health care sector of a country like Bangladesh.
Optimizing the MFlex monitoring system using Mahalanobis-Taguchi system
Authors: Saad S K M , Razali M H M , Abu M Y , Ramlie F , Harudin N , Muhamad W Z A W , Dolah R
Published: March 2021

Methadone Flexi Dispensing Service (MFlex) has been officially re-branded from Methadone 1Malaysia Service (M1M) since 2nd January 2019. Patients under MFlex are frequently taking their methadone according to a plan provided by pharmacist at public clinic. From the dose monitoring taken annually, pharmacists can predict critical patients based on high monthly dose increases. However, the current monitoring system is written documentation with total doses that cannot accurately measure addiction levels and slow down the distribution process to appropriate incentives as provided by the government. The main objective of this work is to develop a new data monitoring system by evaluating all factors contributed to the addiction level. Mahalanobis-Taguchi System (MTS) is a method of predicting and diagnosing system performance using multivariate data in order to make quantitative decisions with the construction of a multivariate measurement scale using an analytical method. The results show that the minimum Mahalanobis Distance (MD) for healthy data is 0.2245 while the maximum is 2.3380. The minimum and maximum MD of unhealthy data is 0.6077 and 24.5719 respectively. Thus, parameters of blood, bilirubin, nitrite, specific gravity, leukocytes are considered as significant parameters by considering positive value signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain. Graphical user interface (GUI) has been developed for analyzing the normal and abnormal patients in detail. Meanwhile, mobile application has been developed as a decision-making tool to classify that the patients is either normal or abnormal.
Static and dynamic mathematical modeling of an USM rack
Authors: Ghorbani Siamak , Veliz Aguayo Crisóstomo Alejandro , Aleksandrovich Rogov Vladimir , Pavlovna Kupriyanova Olga
Published: March 2021

Ultrasonic machines (USM) are increasingly used in the technology of processing products made from composite and especially hard and brittle materials. The study of the static and dynamic of USM is essential. The high dynamic quality and precision of machine tools is largely determined by their rigidity. Rigidity determines the vibration resistance of the tool head, which affects the stability of the process and the accuracy of processing. In the present paper, dynamic and static model of the USM is used and a mathematical model of the USM has been developed, which makes it possible to identify parameters in computer experiments that increase the accuracy of hole processing by improving the dynamic quality of the structure using a material with high damping capability such as synthetic granite. As a result, the mathematical relationship between the parameters of stiffness and damping and the vibration amplitude of the working tool is developed, which allows to assess constructive solutions in terms of achieving minimize frequency oscillations of the working tool. It was found that, using synthetic granite decreased the maximum value of the amplitude of the rack oscillations from 77 μm to 13 μm.
An overview of the spark plug engine profile in a spark ignition engine
Authors: Azrin A A , Yusri I M , Sudhakar K , Mohd Nor C W , Zainal A , Majeed A P P A
Published: March 2021

The main concern regarding on the spark plug usage is their ignition efficiency and lifetime capabilities. This article reviews on the spark plug engine profile in a spark ignition. An intelligent practical approach needs to be developed to be the indicator to know when the spark plug should be changed. Due to its promising effect on the spark ignition engine, the study of spark plugs profile is increasing day by day. For safety, mechanical vibration of a vehicle is a very important phenomenon. Moreover, it specifically affects passenger comfort in some applications. Due to the effects on vehicle structure components and passenger comfort as well as safety, the mechanical vibration through the spark ignition engine has acquired great significance. However, there are many problems in researching existing running engines with a spark ignition system, such as slower ignition, increased cyclic variance and possible misfire. The higher spark energy will improve the ignitibility, but due to electrode corrosion, the life of the spark plug will decrease, and electrodes serve as a sink of thermal energy that will affect the spark plug’s health. For instance, the conditions such as the spark plug gap, the plug thickness and the carbon dissipated on the spark plug that influences the output of a spark ignition, are highlighted in this article.
Preparation and Microstructural Characterization of Five-layered Aluminium-Aluminium Oxide Functionally Graded Material
Authors: Marzuki Maziyana , Mazni Ismail Noor , Ihsan Abdul Latiff Muhammad
Published: March 2021

In this research, the metallic phase Aluminium (Al) and the ceramic phase Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) were combined in different proportions for the preparation of five-layered Al-Al2O3 functionally graded material. Delamination or crack is the common problem at the metal-ceramic interface because of the large difference in material properties. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to investigate the defects within the layer during processing of the graded structure. The compositions of different weight percentages of five-layered structure are 100%Al+0%Al2O3, 95%Al+5%Al2O3, 90%Al+10%Al2O3, 85%Al+15%Al2O3 and 80%Al+20%Al2O3. During preparation of the graded composite structure, conventional two-step sintering cycle was followed. Heating rate 2°C/min, sintering temperature 630°C and sintering time 3 hours were maintained. It was observed that there was uniform distribution of Al2O3 ceramic particle in the Al matrix with the minimum of agglomeration, all interfaces were almost parallel with layers boundary and gradual transition occurred from first layer to fifth layer which confirmed the proper preparation processes of the five-layered graded composite structure. In addition, it was evident that there was no existence of crack within any layer or interface of the prepared composite structure.
Development of xylanase as detergent additive to improve laundry application
Authors: Md Moid M , Idris N , Othman R , Wahid D A
Published: March 2021

The development of kitchen waste from UNISEL’s cafeteria as a substrate in the production of xylanase is an alternative way of converting waste to wealth. The production of xylanase as a detergent or detergent additive capable of removing plant stains compared to limited detergent applications that are unable to remove plant stains. Aspergillus niger was used in this study to degrade hemicellulose in kitchen waste and to secrete xylanase by solid state fermentation (SSF). Optimization of SSF parameters including substrate moisture content, inoculum size and incubation temperature were determined to optimize xylanase production. The finding of maximum activity of xylanase was identified at 80% of the moisture content, 8.0 mL of inoculum size and 30°C of the incubation temperature. The efficacy of xylanase (from optimized SSF parameters) as a plant stain remover is significantly effective compared to the commercial detergent used in this research. However, the mixture of detergent and xylanase can cause the chemical content of the detergent to interfere with the action of the enzyme and its efficacy in the removal of plant stains is less effective. It is also easier to use xylanase with water due to it is capable of producing excellent performance. This study demonstrated the high efficiency of the washing process using xylanase from kitchen waste and can be suggested for the laundry industry.
Oil palm frond juice and coconut water as alternative fermentation substrate for bacterial cellulose production
Authors: Sharifah Fathiyah S M , Shahril M , Junaidi Z
Published: March 2021

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has emerged as an alternative and sustainable biomaterial due to its remarkable structural and mechanical properties, which can be used in various applications. BC is a form of biopolymer which far superior to its plants equivalent because of its high purity, high strength construction material, good mechanical strength, elasticity and high crystallinity. The research aims to produce BC using biological process synthesis of A. xylinum in oil palm frond juice (OPFJ) based medium. Oil palm frond (OPF) is Malaysia’s largest biomass produced from the oil palm plantation industry in Malaysia and contain fermentable sugar required to grow BC, glucose, sucrose and fructose. The experiment was conducted under optimum temperature 30 °C in static culture condition which were applied with different ratio of medium (Coconut water, OPFJ and distilled water). Our findings revealed that highest BC yield (4.50 g/L) was obtained in the mixture medium of OPFJ: Coconut water (60:40). FTIR analysis confirmed the pellicles as cellulosic material. FE-SEM analysis showed the ribbon network consisting of nanosize fibrils with diameter ranging from 50 to 60 nm. Overall, the work demonstrated the potential of producing high value-added polymer from OPFJ-based medium.
Influence of Cutting Parameter and Multi-Objective Optimization on Turning Titanium Alloy
Authors: Saedon J B , Othman M F , Meon M S , Mohamad Nor N. H. , Husain H. , Shawal S.
Published: March 2021

Turning is one of the conventional material removal processes and it is essential in today’s manufacturing industry. Nowadays, titanium alloys are favorable and widely used material due to its superior material properties. However, despite having superior material properties, titanium alloys are hard to machine and will result in shortened tool life. Hence it is important to determine the suitable turning parameter to prolong tool life with best surface roughness. This work focused on investigating the influence of machining parameters in machining titanium alloy under dry cutting condition. The influence of three machining parameters namely feeds rate, cutting speed and depth of cut are investigated using a full factorial design. Surface roughness and tool wear were the responses variables. Analysis of variance was utilized in the analysis to determine their contribution ratio and interaction on each response. The experimental results showed that the feed rate was identified as the most influential factor on surface roughness and tool wear at 54% and 33% contribution ratio respectively. Further multi-response objective optimization was adopted through the desirability function analysis method. For the titanium turning operation, the minimal surface roughness and tool wear were significantly obtained through the specified machining parameters at cutting speed of 44 m/min, feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.5 mm. The results showed that the single objective response successfully converted into multi-objective optimization through the desirability function analysis method.
Evaluation of different turbulence models in simulating the subsonic flow through a turbine blade cascade
Authors: Mesbah Mohsen , Georgievich Gribin Vladimir , Souri Kambiz
Published: March 2021

Numerical simulations of the 2D turbulent flow of a viscous compressible gas through a turbine cascade were carried out. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the capability of different turbulence models in predicting the aerodynamic characteristics of a steady flow. Four turbulence models were considered; Spalart-Allmaras, realizable k-epsilon, k-omega SST, and SST transition model. The numerical results of the profile loss coefficient were compared with the available experimental data. The profile loss coefficient calculated using the SST transition model showed the most accurate agreement with the experimental data.
Dielectric Study of Gel Polymer Electrolyte Based on PVA-K2CO3-SiO2
Authors: Abdulkadir B A , Dennis J O , Abd. Shukur M F Bin , Nasef M M E , Usman F , Adam A A , Adamu U A
Published: March 2021

In this study, effect of filler (SiO2) on dielectric and electrical properties of gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) based on PVA-K2CO3has been investigated and reported. The electrolyte were prepared by incorporating silica particle as a filler into the un-plasticized electrolyte (PVA-K2CO3). The prepared electrolyte were characterized physicochemically (FTIR) and electrochemically based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on the impedance spectroscopy, complex permittivity (ε*) (dielectric constant and loss) and complex electrical modulus (M*) (real and imaginary modulus) were calculated. Characterization result indicate that SiO2particles has successfully interacts with PVA-K2CO3in the form of a three dimensional polymeric network. At low frequencies, high values of complex permittivity (dielectric constant and dielectric loss) were observed, which increased with increasing temperature, signifying an increase in ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. With the incorporation of filler, the peaks of both ε* and M* shifts towards higher frequency side suggesting the speed up the relaxation time. From the electrical modulus, the developed electrolyte is shown to be highly capacitive in nature. Based on the peak shape of the imaginary part of electric modulus, the non-Debye type relaxation predicted. Analysis of both dielectric permittivity and electrical modulus suggest that ionic and polymer segmental motions are strongly coupled. An optimum ionic conductivity of 3.25 × 104mScm1was achieved at ambient temperature at a composition of 15 wt.% SiO2(PKS15).
Performance of Ni/Al2O3-MgO catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane: Effect of preparation routes
Authors: Yusuf Mohammad , Salaam Farooqi Ahmad , Azad Alam Mohammad , Kok Keong Lau , Hellgardt Klaus , Abdullah Bawadi
Published: March 2021

Nickel based nano-catalysts, supported on bimetallic oxide support (i.e. Ni/Al2O3-MgO) were prepared by the co-precipitation (one step, Catalyst-A) and co-precipitation followed by impregnation (two steps, Catalyst-B) techniques separately. The catalysts were then tested for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction. The effect of catalyst synthesis technique on their performance has been analysed. The Ni/Al2O3-MgO nano-catalyst prepared by co-precipitation followed by impregnation method (two steps) technique was found to be superior to the one synthesized by co-precipitation (one step) method. The elevated CO2 and CH4 conversions and stable H2/CO ratio have been observed throughout the DRM reaction at atmospheric pressure (i.e., 1atm), 800°C for Catalyst-B. Catalyst-B was better in terms of activity, conversion to syngas, stability, and reduced coke formation comparatively.
Comparison of volatile compounds and antibacterial activity of Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus latifolia, and Citrus hystrix shell essential oils by pilot extraction
Authors: Tran T K N , Ngo T C Q , Tran T H , Bach L G , Tran T T , Huynh X P
Published: March 2021

Citrus peel essential oil has considerable potential to be used as a direct agent against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The three citrus peel species used in this study included Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus latifolia, and Citrus hystrix. Essential oils were extracted on a pilot model and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subilits, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Samonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were used to counteract the antibacterial effects of the samples. The yield of hydrodistillation distilled essential oil is C aurantifolia (1.15%), C latifolia (1.32%), and C hystrix (3.18%). The essential oil contains the main ingredient D-Limonene. The highest antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes is Citrus latifolia essential oil. The main chemical composition of essential oils are β-pinene, D-limonene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, α-terpineol, … and the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil is affected by the variation of D-limonene. and β-pinene in essential oils.
Effect of Time and Temperature on the Extraction of Cordyceps militaris in Pilot Scale
Authors: Ngoc Quy Nguyen , Tri Nhut Pham , Thi Yen Nhi Tran , Minh Tien Nguyen , Dinh Chung Duong , Thanh Le Van , Thi Minh Phuong Than
Published: March 2021

Cordyceps militaris is a valuable medicinal mushroom that has been interested in research by scientists around the world, which has high value in promoting health, immunoregulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer prevention. Following our previous research, the extraction process in pilot scales was built on the results of the project Nguyen Tat Thanh University “Research and propose the process of extracting extracts from Cordyceps militaris in Kon Tum province”, which was deployed and accepted in 2020. After evaluating the quality characteristics of raw powder materials, the condition of concentration and preservation of Cordyceps militaris extract was conducted. To achieve the required moisture (<20%), it was necessary to concentrate Cordyceps militaris extract at three standards: 60°C, 70°C and 80°C in 150 minutes, 120 minutes and 105 minutes, respectively. Considering the three standards, it was found that the cordycepin content at 80°C was statistically significantly lower than the remaining two temperature landmarks. Concentrate the extract at 70°C for 120 minutes to obtain a concentrated extract with cordycepin content of 2938.97 ± 94.66 (µg / g DW) with the moisture content of 8.78 ± 1.95 (%).
Analysis of CO2 Emissions from Industrial Parks: A Case Study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: LVan T , Ho V T T , Thanh H D T , Thong N T , Huynh Q , Nguyen Q L B
Published: March 2021

Every day industrial production emissions accounts for a significant share of overall greenhouse gas emissions, in particular carbon dioxide (CO2). The issue of CO2 emissions management has always been of particular interest in the context of the industrialization process and urbanization taking place more and more complex. Ho Chi Minh is a large city in Vietnam, where many industrial parks (IPs) and export processing zones (EPZs) are located. In Vietnam, there are not many assessments of CO2 emissions from industrial processes with unrealistically and seriously surveyed data. This paper aims to evaluate and estimate CO2 emissions of the industrial and export processing zones based on the fuel consumption and power consumption surveyed in industrial / processing zones in order that proposing the long-term solutions for low-carbon metropolis. The results show that the CO2 emissions of 13 HCMC IPs / EPZs in the atmosphere is 227214.1869 tons CO2/year. This is the annual CO2 emissions calculated from the emissions of facilities in Ho Chi Minh industrial / export processing zones. Tan Phu Trung industrial park had the highest emissions (133010.7499 tons CO2/year) and Linh Trung 2 export processing zones is the lowest with 1745.817984 tons CO2/year. Evaluating and calculating the CO2 emissions of individual sources makes it possible for experts to adopt appropriate and effective policies to reduce national emissions and easily reach the goal of building a low carbon city.
Pineapple Leaves Juice Characterization for Microbial Growth Inhibition
Authors: Ya’acob A , Zainol N , Mohd Ridza P N Y , Mortan S H
Published: March 2021

Since pineapple leaves are one of the lavishly organic waste materials which contain phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties, it was desired to gain deeper knowledge on its potential as microbial growth inhibitor (MGI). In this research, the pineapple leaves were extracted using an electrical sugarcane pressing machine to acquire the pineapple leaves juice (PLJ). The PLJ was autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectroscopy (UPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis was used to examined the existence of different bioactive components in PLJ. Based on the molecular mass and its fragmentation pattern, the identification of the phenolic compounds was confirmed. From the characterization of PLJ using UPLC-QTOF-MS, seven types of the phenolic compound has been identified namely Octahydrocurcumin, Meliadanoside A, Kukoamine A, Stilbostemin D, Agrimol C, Feralolide and Methyl-5-O-caffeoylquinate. The effect of microbial inhibition time on the colony forming unit (CFU) between the mixtures of PLJ and microbe was studied. CFU/mL decreased with increasing microbial inhibition time from 0 to 1.50 h. Meanwhile, CFU/mL was increased again after increasing the microbial inhibition period from 1.50 to 3 h. This suggests that 1.50 h was necessary for the process of microbial growth inhibition. This research shows that pineapple leaves could be manipulated and used as an MGI agent as useful sources of natural products. Furthermore, it can become one of the cheaper and greener MGI alternatives compared to available synthetic antimicrobial agent.
Dual-modification of sago starch by gamma irradiation and annealing
Authors: Lee J-S , Jahurul MHA , Fong S-L
Published: March 2021

Similar to other native starch, native sago starch found limited industrial applications due to its poor functional properties. Various modification methods may be employed to improve the properties, however, owing to the health concerns over chemical modification, this study was designed to modify sago starch using combination of two physical techniques – gamma irradiation and annealing (ANN). Native sago starch was first subjected to four doses of gamma radiation (5, 10, 25, 50 kGy) followed by annealing treatment. Measurement of pH, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) analysis, characterization of pasting properties and thermal properties of the samples were performed. Irradiated samples contained shorter starch chains with higher mobility to effectively participate in the molecular realignment during ANN, resulted higher crystalline perfection and hence higher gelatinization temperature. The interactions and re-association of starch chains during ANN exerted significant change to the pH and functional properties of irradiated sago starch. Combining gamma irradiation at 5 and 10 kGy with annealing could potentially improve the heat and shear stability of sago starch. Dual-modification was also found able to improve the heat stability of sago starch without affecting the gelatinization enthalpy. These improved features can be beneficial to the sago-based food products that require high temperature processing.
Volatile composition of Perilla frutescens (L.) essential oil in Thai Binh Province, Vietnam extracted by microwave-assisted distillation method
Authors: Dat U T , Tran T K N , Tran T H , Pham Q L , Dinh T T T , Tran Q T
Published: March 2021

The chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) obtained fromPerilla frutescens (L.)(Lamiaceae) was determined. EOs of perilla was obtained by microwave-assisted extraction, giving the optimum content of 0.0941%. The composition of volatile constituents in the extracted oil was analyzed by mass chromatography (GC - MS), showing that the content of volatiles accounted for 97.58% of the total EOs content. Some major components in the obtained EOs were Perilla aldehyde 62.13%, Limonene (4.99%), Linalool (1.41%), Caryophyllene  (6.72%), Humulene  (1.11%), Caryophyllene oxide (2.45%), and Perilla alcohol (0.8%). Obtained perilla EOs may find the use as an alternative natural supplements in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
RETRACTED: Parameterized Comparison of Regularized Regression Models to Develop Models for Real Estate
Authors: Chaturvedi Ankur , Gupta Akshi , Rajpoot Vikram
Published: March 2021

This research paper has been made on the data of life expectancy. Data carries two sort of regression tasks in it; one is continuous feature (Life expectancy) while another one is discrete feature (Status). Life expectancy depends on many a thing such as alcohol consumption, polio, infant deaths, etc. Generally, in data there exists two models separately, but research has been made to implement both at once. Research goes in a manner that it also involves the comparison or models accuracy among linear, ridge, and lasso. Visualization, normalization, data cleaning, feature reduction, etc, is also performed so as to increase the accuracy. One always looks for less time to complete task with less workout. Ultimately, research successfully implemented both linear regression and logistic regression both at once with optimized model. It is also stating the importance of the ridge and lasso algorithms for optimization.
Exploratory and Predictive Analytics of User Preferences from Kaggle LEGO-Toys Datasets Using Spark ML
Authors: Bahad Pritika , Saxena Preeti , Kamal Raj
Published: March 2021

Apache Spark is an open-source distributed data processing framework. The paper presents a processing architecture for exploring and predicting user preferences using Apache Spark. The architecture is evaluated on LEGO-toys datasets of period 1949-2019 using the Spark Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. The large datasets analyzed consist of LEGO-toys parts, categories, themes and colour features. Spark ML algorithms are applied as (i) k-means analyses of clusters to identify commonalities in LEGO-toys themes and colours, (ii) classifications using the Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Naïve Bayes (NB) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms for theme-preference identification, and (iii) linear regression, decision tree regression, RF, and Gradient Boost for regression analyses to identify the colour-shift in user preferences. The paper elucidates the steps for analytics based on Spark. The results for exploratory and predictive analytics are presented. The evaluation metrics shows that the ensemble regression prediction is better when compared to other algorithms. The analytics give many interesting results. For example, LEGO company’s products have become more colourful (children preferences exhibiting colours spectral-shift and width), diversified and multifaceted over-the-time. The architecture helps in discovering future directions for the new designs in future LEGO products. The proposed architecture can be successfully employed in the related domain to predict product and user’s preferences.