bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School Preparedness in Anticipating the Threat of Earthquake and Tsunami in Bantul Regency
Authors: Khotimah N. , Purwantara S. , Dewi U. , Majima K. , Hiroyuki K.
Published: July 2019

Earthquakes occurring in the subduction zone are the cause of the tsunami. This study aims to determine: (1) school preparedness in Bantul Regency in to face of the earthquake and tsunami disaster, and (2) school efforts in Bantul Regency in improving the preparedness of the earthquake and tsunami disaster. The research design used in this research is descriptive analysis. This research conducted on April-November 2018. The research places is Bantul Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta. Variables in this study are school preparedness in to face of the earthquake and tsunami disaster (knowledge, policies and guidelines, emergency response plans, disaster warning systems, and resource mobilization) and school efforts in improving the preparedness of the earthquake and tsunami disaster. The population of this study is all schools in Bantul Regency that enter the area prone to earthquake and tsunami disaster. All members of the population is expected to be a unit of research analysis. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used in this research is quantitative and qualitative. The results showed: (1) school preparedness in Bantul Regency from the schools aspect in “ready enough” category (76.9 %), the teachers aspect in “full ready” category (73.1%), and the students aspect in “full ready” category (60.1%). (2) Efforts to improve the preparedness of the earthquake and tsunami disaster carried out by schools in Bantul Regency, including: (a) conducting earthquake and tsunami disaster evacuation drills in their school communities, (b) improving school preparedness, teachers preparedness, students preparedness, parents preparedness and volunteers preparedness with various trainings and simulations in the face of the earthquake and tsunami disaster, (c) making routes and evacuation maps, (d) mobilizing all available resources, from the public and private sectors, domestic and foreign to coordinate all disaster response entities based on emergency response plans, (e) integration of earthquake and tsunami disaster studies in the curriculum in schools, and (f) involve the role of various parties in improving the preparedness of the earthquake and tsunami disaster
Volcanic Springs, An Alternative Emergency Water Resource to Support Sustainable Disaster Management in Southern Flank of Merapi Volcano
Authors: Ratih S , Awanda H N , Saputra A C , Ashari A
Published: July 2019

The activities of Merapi Volcano which still pose risks over time require good and sustainable disaster management. Identification of potential water resources that can be utilized in disaster emergency situations is needed to support the management of the disaster. For the southern slope of Merapi Volcano as an area directly affected by the eruption in 2010, the availability of water resources and infrastructure is a very important part to be ensured in the pre-disaster phase. This paper aims: (1) analyze the potential of springs, (2) analyze the spatial pattern of the distribution of springs with the distribution of population settlements, (3) design the use of springs for handling disaster emergencies; in disaster eruption prone area of the southern flank of Merapi Volcano. To achieve these objectives a field survey and secondary data collection were carried out through library research and document tracking. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed descriptively with a geographic approach supported by the application of geographic information system analysis. The results: (1) The area of southern flank of Merapi Volcano has many springs with varying quantity and quality, which generally can be used to meet water resource needs in disaster emergency situations. (2) the distribution of springs in disaster-prone areas is clustered according to geomorphological factors, while the distribution of settlements is random. The pattern of spreading of springs and settlements needs to be considered to determine the spring regulation system to meet the needs of the population, in addition to other considerations, namely population, population density, water needs per capita and administrative factors, (3) in this writing several wells have been chosen which can be used to fulfill needs in disaster emergency situations. In conclusion, the active volcanic area has a very good potential for springs which can be used to meet resource needs in disaster emergency situations. Management of existing potential well is very necessary in supporting sustainable disaster management.
Track and Record Flood Disasters through Modeling Disaster
Authors: Yani R. D. F. , Sumunar D. R. S.
Published: July 2019

Protection of human life sources is the main goal of disaster management. This paper examines the importance of modeling disasters in a mitigation perspective by tracking and recording flood occurrence. Mitigation is a benchmark for the success of a disaster information. Flood disaster modeling is one form of spatial-based disaster information. This study uses a hydrological approach as a flood analysis, the development of flood analysis in the form of a pool area calculation. The results of the study show that the characteristics of the area that are prone to flood disasters are strongly influenced by the watershed hirological conditions. Hydrological parameters have different influences in an area to form a flood- prone zone. The flood-prone area based on the return period of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years has different zones. Spatial distribution of flood-prone areas is spread in most Cibeurem watersheds, especially located in Sidareja, Gandrungmangu, Kawunganten and Cipari districts.
Mangrove conservation as an abration strategy risk reduction based on ecosystem in the coastal area of the Rembang Regency
Authors: Indarsih R. , Masruri M. S.
Published: July 2019

Rembang Regency is one of the regencies located in coastal areas which have abundant marine. Rembang Regency is a coastal area that has abundant marine resource potential, besides that there are also threats of coastal abrasion and high erosion, so that efforts are needed to reduce the risk of coastal abrasion. Efforts to reduce abrasion risks carried out are ecosystem-based or Ecosystem-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (EcoDRR) through mangrove conservation. The purpose of this study was to determine mangrove conservation activities as a form of EcoDRR in Rembang Regency. Observation of the mangrove ecosystem is carried out by field observations, as well as secondary data collection. Interviews were conducted with communities, mangrove managers, and local governments to determine the extent to which EcoDRR with mangrove forest conservation had been carried out, as well as benefits and problems. The method used is descriptive explorative. The results showed that the types of abrasion mitigation efforts carried out in Rembang Regency based on natural ecosystems were more effective than artificial ecosystems. Disaster reduction efforts are based on natural ecosystems such as maximizing the presence of mangroves and the ecosystem in them.
Social conflict and reconciliation conflict: Conflict between in the pematang panggang community with psht martial arts
Authors: Putri A. E. , Mukminan
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors causing conflict and reconciliation process that has been done by society and government in resolving conflict. This research uses Conflict theory from Johan Galtung and Labeling Theory from George H. Mead. This research uses qualitative approach. Methods of data collection is done by interview, observation, and document. The results showed that conflict between in the pematang panggang community with PSHT martial arts caused by several factors such as the separation of residence between citizens in certain areas and the lack of mutual respect. The government’s reconciliation in resolving the conflict is an approach
negative
peace
which only focuses on solving direct violence.
Disaster Management Based on Geo-literacy
Authors: Alfi Nurandini B. , Mukminan
Published: July 2019

The large number of casualties and physical and material losses are opaque protests of the bad management of disasters in Indonesia. The impact of natural disasters in Indonesia should have been minimized and avoided considering that Indonesia is a disaster-prone country because it is located at the confluence of the three major plates of the world and is the ring of fire. The community is not familiar with the condition of the environment where they live is a major factor in the many casualties and losses due to disasters. By introducing people to geographic literacy, people can get to know the environment and manage disasters properly. This article will discuss the role of geographic literacy relating to understanding the community’s environment that can help manage disasters in pre-disaster, emergency response, and postdisaster actions in Indonesia.
Vulnerability And Direction Of Landslide Disaster Mitigation In Pagedongan Sub-District, Banjarnegara District
Authors: Cahyani M. D.
Published: July 2019

This research was conducted in Pagedongan sub-district, Banjarnegara. Banjarnegara is a region with a high vulnerability to landslides with its topography. The purpose of this research are (1) to know the spread of landslide vulnerability in research area, (2) to arrange disaster mitigation effort to reduce landslide disaster. The method used is survey method with descriptive analysis. The landslide vulnerability map is derived from the unit unit of land analysis by weighting each parameter by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Analysis of land units obtained from overlay parameters maps that have determined weight using ArcGIS application. Analytical Hierarchy Process is an analysis in decision making that is measured to get priority scale.
Gastropods Community in Babura River, Medan city
Authors: Sinambela Masdiana , Barus Ternala Alexander , Manurung Binari , Wahyuningsih Hesti
Published: July 2019

Gastropods communityin the Baburariverat Medan City were collected at Medan Johor and Medan Kota which consisted of 6 species of 96 ind., i.e. (1) Pomacea canaliculata [36 ind.], (2) Filopaludina javanica [5 ind.], (3) Lymnaea rubiginosa [2 ind.], (4) Tarebia granifera [11 ind.], (5) Melanoides tuberculata [35 ind.], and (6) Thiara scraba [7 ind.]. Total abundance was 39.0 ind./m2 in Medan Johor and 43.6 ind./m2 in Medan Kota. Diversity index (H’) was 0.897 in Medan Johor and 0.986 in Medan Kota, classified as low diversity and severe, equitability index (E) was 0.557 in Medan Johor, classified as moderate uniform and 0.711 in Medan Kota, classified as high uniform. Dominance index (C’) was 0.500 in Medan Johor and 0.463 in Medan Kota, both of which are moderately dominant. Gastropods were found to be influenced by physico-chemical parameters of water. The parameters which still supported gastropods life,i.e: temperature, turbidity, depth, pH, DO, and BOD, in contrary to strong velocity, nitrate, and phosphate.Our results then may reflect the preliminary data on gastropods assemblage in Babura river to enrich future data regarding gastropod communities in other study sites.
q-deformed vibrational limit of interacting boson model
Authors: Hammad M M , Fawaz S M , El-Hammamy M N , Motaweh H A , Doma S B
Published: July 2019

Even–even near-spherical vibrational nuclei, with energy ratio

R

4

1

+

/

2

1

+

=

E

4

1

+

/

E

2

1

+

in the range 2–2.5, are investigated within the framework of interacting boson model and q-deformed version of this model, using the

U

(
5
)

dynamical symmetry. The parametrization of the

U

(
5
)

Hamiltonian and q-deformed version are found leading to a description of energy spectra of 33 nuclei with a root mean square deviation from the experimental level energies less than 100 keV. The findings support the fact that we are very near to the critical point symmetries in the real q-deformed vibrational Hamiltonian.
Industry Derived Occupational Exposure Limits: A Survey of Professionals on the Dutch System of Exposure Guidelines
Authors: Schenk Linda , Visser Maaike J , Palmen Nicole G M
Published: July 2019

The Netherlands’ system for occupational exposure limits (OELs) encompasses two kinds of OELs: public and private. Public OELs are set by the government. Private OELs are derived by industry and cover all substances without a public OEL. In parallel, the regulation concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) has introduced an exposure guidance value similar to the OEL, namely the Derived No-Effect Level (DNEL) for workers’ inhalation exposure. This study aimed to investigate issues encountered by occupational health professionals regarding private OELs, and how they perceive the DNELs for workers in relation to private OELs. Towards this aim, we sent out a web-based questionnaire to the members of the Dutch professional organization for occupational hygienists (Nederlandse Vereniging voor Arbeidshygiëne [NVVA], n = 513) and to members of the Dutch professional organization for safety engineers (NVVK, n = 2916). Response rates were 27% (n = 139) and 7% (n = 198), respectively. More occupational hygienists (59%) than safety engineers (17%) reported to derive private OELs themselves. Our respondents reported several challenges with the derivation of private OELs. Fifty-one percent of the occupational hygienists and 20% of the safety engineers stated to see a role of REACH Registrants’ worker DNELs as private OELs. However, more than half of our respondents were undecided or unfamiliar with worker DNELs. In addition, stated opinions on where worker DNELs fit in the hierarchy of private OELs varied considerably. To conclude, both these professional groups derive private OELs and stated that they need more guidance for this. Furthermore, there is a lack of clarity whether worker DNELs may qualify as private OELs, and where they would fit in the hierarchy of private OELs.
White Matter Abnormalities on Diffusion Tensor Imaging Following Recovery from Sport-Related Concussion and Risk of Subsequent Re-injury
Authors: Brett B L , Wu Y , Mustafi S M , Harezlak J , Giza C C , DiFiori J P , Guskiewicz K M , Mihalik J P , McAllister T W , Broglio S P , McCrea M A , Meier T B
Published: July 2019

Purpose

A recent systematic review determined that the physiological effects of concussion may persist beyond clinical recovery. Preclinical models suggest that these physiological effects are accompanied by a window of cerebral vulnerability that is associated with risk for subsequent, more severe injury. This study examined the association between persistent diffusion tensor imaging signal following clinical recovery of sport-related concussion and risk of re-injury.

Methods

Average mean diffusivity (MD) was obtained in a region-of-interest (ROI) in which concussed athletes showed significantly elevated MD acutely after injury (<48 hours), at an asymptomatic timepoint, 7-days post-return to play, and 6 months post-injury relative to controls. The relationship between MD in the identified ROI and risk of sustaining a subsequent concussion over a 1-year period was examined with a binary logistic regression (re-injured, yes/no).

Results

Eleven of 83 concussed athletes suffered a second concussion within a 1-year period. The relationship between MD at 7-days post return to play and risk of sustaining a secondary injury within 1-year showed a non-significant trend (X2(1)=4.17, p=.057, B=0.03, SE=0.017; Nagelkerke R2=0.16). Mean differences in MD between the repeat injury and non-reinjured group at 7-days post return to play produced a large effect, d=.75. MD in the a priori ROI at the other recovery time points did not predict elevated risk of re-injury.

Conclusion

These preliminary findings suggest that a large effect size was present in the relationship between persistent diffusion signal abnormalities and risk for subsequent re-injury. This provides support for a window of cerebral vulnerability following concussion, though further examination is needed.
Sentiment Analysis of Journal Articles and News Articles Pertaining to CTE
Authors: Todd K , Lapointe A P , Broglio S P
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Past research has called for balance in the media when reporting on chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in order to avoid harmful bias on the readers. The call to do no harm in reporting is based on concerns that the media’s representation of CTE has moved far beyond what researchers studying the disease are able to prove. This study aimed to use positive and negative word sentiments to directly compare journal articles with corresponding news articles in order to evaluate these concerns.

Methods

Research articles (n=7) directly associated with CTE that were heavily covered in the media, as well as associated media articles (n=7) from reputable news sites that covered only the associated article, were selected for the sample. The “AFINN” sentiment analysis dictionary rates the emotional valence of each word with an integer between minus three (negative) and plus three (positive). Words not recognized by the dictionary or with a zero weight were omitted from the analyses.

Results

The entire word list from journal articles weighted equally produced a mean sentiment of -1.001, while news articles using the same scale produce a mean of -0.746. However, when the means were weighted against word count, the mean sentiment score for journal articles was -0.135 and for news article -0.137. A paired t-test analysis of the weighted group of articles yielded no significant difference between the two groups before (p= 0.72) and after (p=0.69) the word count weighted analysis.

Conclusion

Despite recent calls for a less biased reporting of CTE in the mainstream media, this analysis indicates equal sentimental weighting between peer-reviewed journal articles and news reports on CTE, which each approached a value of zero (true neutrality).
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Perform Differently on Pediatric Concussion Assessment
Authors: Cook N E , Kelshaw P M , Caswell S V , Iverson G L
Published: July 2019

Purpose

In the absence of recent concussion, youth with ADHD endorse many concussion-like symptoms, perform worse on cognitive tests, and are more likely to have balance difficulty, thus complicating the interpretation of concussion assessment results. This study compared uninjured middle school students with ADHD to precisely matched controls without ADHD on the Child Sport Concussion Assessment Tool Fifth Edition (Child SCAT5).

Methods

A cohort of 1,045 middle school athletes (ages 11-14) completed preseason testing. Students with self-reported ADHD were individually matched to students without ADHD based on age, gender, language spoken at home, number of prior concussions, sport, and school they attended. The final sample included 136 students (68 with ADHD and 68 matched controls), 104 (76.5%) boys and 32 (23.5%) girls. They were 12.7 years old on average (SD=0.9). Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to compare students with and without ADHD on the Child SCAT5.

Results

Children with ADHD reported more symptoms (M=11.18, SD=5.94) and greater symptom severity (M=18.01, SD=11.66) compared to children without ADHD (total symptoms: M=6.54, SD=5.15; symptom severity: M=8.84, SD=7.79). Children with ADHD (M=2.88, SD=1.04) performed worse than children without ADHD (M=3.21, SD=0.94) on Digits Backwards (Cohen’s d=-.33). Children with ADHD committed more errors on the tandem stance than children without ADHD (median for both groups=1; d=.45) and children with ADHD (median=4) committed twice as many errors than children without ADHD (median=2) on single leg stance (d=.76).

Conclusion

Children with ADHD endorsed more concussion-like symptoms and performed worse on certain cognitive tasks and balance tests during baseline, preseason Child SCAT5 assessment compared to matched controls without ADHD.
Systematic Review of Pre-Injury Migraine Disorder as a Risk Factor for Worse Outcome Following Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Terry D P , Gardner A J , Iverson G L
Published: July 2019

Purpose

This systematic review examined clinical outcomes (i.e., prognosis) following a sport-related concussion in athletes who have a pre-injury history of migraines. Clinical recovery was defined functionally as recovery from symptoms or full return to activities following injury.

Data Selection

All studies published prior to February 2019 that addressed pre-injury migraines as a possible predictor of clinical recovery from concussion were included. Broadly, the search included (i) sport/athlete-related terms, (ii) concussion-related terms, and (iii) diverse predictor/modifier terms. The following databases were utilized: PubMed, PsycINFO®, MEDLINE®, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science. After removing duplicates from the 9,372 identified articles, 5,888 abstracts were screened, 358 full-text articles were reviewed, and 15 articles examining pre-injury migraines as a predictor of recovery were included.

Data Synthesis

Most articles examined pre-injury migraines as an exploratory/secondary predictor of concussion outcome. Migraine history was predominantly based on self-report. Studies included minimal other information about this condition (e.g., age of onset, migraine frequency/severity, past treatment). Methodological rigor varied greatly across studies. Most studies did not find pre-injury migraines to be associated with concussion outcome, but several of these studies had small or very small sample sizes. Larger, better-designed studies suggested pre-injury migraines may be a risk factor for worse concussion outcome. Effect sizes were rarely reported or able to be calculated.

Conclusion

There is some evidence to suggest pre-injury migraines may be a vulnerability factor for a prolonged recovery following concussion. Future studies should focus on improving methodological quality when assessing the relationship between pre-injury migraines and concussion outcome.
The Relationship Between the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in Concussed Athletes
Authors: Stephenson-Brown K , Otwell A , Schatz P , Womble M , Elbin R J
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To document the relationship between concussion symptoms and state anxiety in concussed adolescent athletes.

Methods

One hundred fifty-three concussed athletes (mean age=16.06, SD=1.62 yrs.) completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at their initial clinical visit within 30 days of injury (M=8.29, SD=6.46 days). Due to violations of normality (Shapiro-Wilk=.95), Spearman’s Rank Order correlations were conducted between STAI state scores and PCSS affective, somatic, cognitive-migraine-fatigue, and sleep clusters and total symptoms. Correlations were also conducted within sub-samples of patients seen within one week (M=3.80, SD=1.72days) and 8 – 30 days post-injury (M=13.91, SD=5.76 days). Statistical significance was set at (p<.05).

Results

In the total sample (n=153), STAI state scores were significantly associated with total symptoms (r=.54), and the affective (r=.53), sleep (r=.44), cognitive-migraine-fatigue (r=.47), and somatic (r=.33) symptom clusters. All significant relationships among STAI state scores and PCSS total symptoms and symptom clusters were retained for patients seen within 1 week as well as patients completing their first clinical visit 8-30 days post-concussion (p<.05).

Conclusion

Post-concussion endorsement of concussion symptoms increases as a function of state anxiety. Although the PCSS affective symptom cluster is not a validated measure to diagnose anxiety; these findings support the utility of the PCSS to evaluate for potentially elevated anxiety in concussed adolescent athletes.
Does Time Since Injury and Time Spent in Physical Therapy Treatment Affect Outcomes for Concussion Patients?
Authors: Moser R , Zebrowski C , Islam S , Lemke H , Schatz P , James M , Vidal P
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of: 1) time between injury and physical therapy treatment and 2) time spent in physical therapy, on concussion symptom resolution.

Methods

Retrospective data was obtained for 202 patients who sustained a concussion and were referred for physical therapy. Subjects were assigned to groups based on type of injury (sport-related or not), time elapsed between concussion and therapy (0-14 days, 15–30, 31–60, 61–120, 121–365), and months spent in treatment (1 thru 4). Pre- and post- treatment scores were compared for the following measures: Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT), Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS), Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), and Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB) using ANOVAs, with a Bonferroni-corrected p-value of p<.005.

Results

There was no significant difference in outcomes for athletes vs. non-athletes on SCAT Symptom (p=.74) or Severity Score (p=.18), CISS (p=.52), DHI (p=.05), or mCTSIB (p=.10); in outcomes for time elapsed since injury on SCAT Symptom Score (p=.80), SCAT Symptom Severity Score (p=.97), CISS (p=.61), DHI (p=.65), mCTSIB (p=.13); or in outcomes for months in treatment on SCAT Symptom Score (p=.23), SCAT Symptom Severity Score (p=.04), CISS (p=.41), DHI (p=.37), mCTSIB (p=.50).

Conclusion

Post-therapeutic improvements were noted for athletes receiving post-concussive physical therapy. Type of injury, time between injury and treatment, and time spent in treatment did not differentiate treatment outcomes for those receiving physical therapy post-concussion.
Reliability and Factors Associated with False Positives on the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Tool in US Military Personnel
Authors: Kontos A P , Monti K , Thomas E , Holland C , Thomas D , Bitzer H , Mucha A , Collins M W
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The US Military recently added the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) to the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation-2 (MACE-2). However, there are no published data on the VOMS in US military personnel. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of the VOMS and factors associated with false positives in healthy US Army Special Operations (USASOC) personnel.

Methods

206 healthy USASOC military personnel aged 18–40 completed VOMS between March 2018 – January 2019. Analyses included internal consistency, false-positive rates, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), chi-square analyses with odds ratios (OR), and independent samples t-tests. VOMS clinical cut-off scores (2+ on any symptom, >5cm for NPC) were used to determine false positives.

Results

Reliability for the VOMS symptom items (Cronbach alpha=.98, ICC=.90) and NPC distance (Cronbach’s alpha=.98, ICC=.93) were high. False positive rates ranged from 10.2% (smooth pursuits) to 16.9% (NPC distance). Concussion history was associated with a 2.5 fold increase for one or more VOMS items above cut-offs (p=.01). Participants with at least one VOMS item above cut-offs were deployed nearly 6 months longer on average than those without (p=.04).

Conclusion

The findings indicate that VOMS is reliable in US military personnel with few false positives. False positives were associated with concussion history and longer deployment history, which should be considered by military medical providers when administering and interpreting VOMS in this population. Moving forward, researchers should examine the stability of VOMS and its ability to identify mTBI in this population.
Incremental Validity of Components of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening for Concussion
Authors: Sandel Sherry N , Ernst N , Doman J , Holland C , Bitzer H , Kontos A P
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tool for concussion evaluates symptom provocation (in a fixed order) across the following neuromotor tasks: smooth pursuits (SP), saccades-horizontal (Sac-H), saccades-vertical (Sac-V), near point of convergence (NPC), vestibular-ocular reflex-horizontal (VOR-H), vestibular-ocular reflex-vertical (VOR-V), and visual motion sensitivity (VMS). The current study evaluates the incremental validity of each VOMS component in consecutive order.

Methods

Retrospective record review of 193 subjects (49% male) aged 10–22 years old diagnosed with concussion (sport and non-sport injuries) and demonstrated an abnormal VOMS (defined by symptom provocation >2 or NPC >5cm) at initial evaluation in a specialty concussion clinic. Hierarchical regression was performed with VOMS total score (range: 0-320) as the dependent variable and each VOMS component as predictors in seven consecutive steps.

Results

The model was significant (p<.001) at each step; the final model including all seven VOMS components in order (SP, Sac-H, Sac-V, NPC, VOR-H, VOR-V, and VMS) was significant, F(7,185)= 6.87, p<.001 and accounted for 20.6% of the variance in total VOMS score. The only significant predictors in the final model included: SP (p=.01), NPC (p=.04), and VOR-H (p=.04).

Conclusion

Provocation of symptoms on SP, NPC, and VOR-H are the best predictors of total VOMS score. NPC and VOR-H symptom provocation provide unique value to vestibular screening beyond symptom provocation on SP and after completion of all other VOMS components. This information may be clinically useful when vestibular screening must be expedited (e.g., highly symptomatic patient, sideline assessment).
Comparing Acute Symptoms and Recovery Time Following Sports-Related Concussion Across School Age Groups
Authors: Tarkenton T , Presley C , Didehbani N , Silver C H , Cullum C M
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Despite considerable research on pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC), few studies have analyzed groups from school-age through young adulthood. This study aimed to examine acute symptoms (i.e., emotional, physical, and cognitive) and recovery times across this age range.

Methods

Participants age 5–25 with SRC (n=611) presented to concussion clinics in the North Texas Concussion Registry within 2 weeks of injury. Subjects were stratified into 4 age groups: early elementary (age 5-9; n=19), late elementary (10–13; n=181), high school (14-17; n=384), and college (18-25; n=39). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 Item Scale (GAD-7), and concussion symptom log (Sx log), were administered. ANOVA was used to compare symptom scores and recovery times across groups.

Results

Differences were found on PHQ-9 scores (p=.05), with the early elementary and high school groups reporting significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms than the late elementary and college groups. No differences were seen on GAD-7 scores. Differences in Sx log severity scores were nonsignificant (p=.09), although scores increased with age (early: M=21.4, late=25.7, high school=30.0, college=35.5). Lastly, recovery time differed across groups (p=.008), with early elementary participants having the longest recovery (M=8.3 days) and the college group having the shortest (M=5.1 days).

Conclusion

Older age groups reported higher levels of acute post-concussion symptoms and more rapid recovery compared to younger age groups, suggesting that symptomatology and recovery time vary developmentally and the effects of age warrant consideration in young athletes.
Detecting Sandbagging Performance on CNS Vital Signs Concussion Baseline Testing
Authors: Anderson M N , Lempke L B , Bell D H , Lynall R C , Schmidt J D
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To determine CNS Vital Signs validity indicator accuracy in detecting coached suboptimal performance (i.e. sandbagging) on neurocognitive testing.

Methods

Fifty college-aged students (age=20.8–1.1 years, range 18–25) were randomly assigned to two groups of 25. We compared neurocognitive test performance for two groups completing CNS Vital Signs instructed through verbal scripts to either (1) try their best (control) or (2) purposely sandbag. Participants rated their effort after completing neurocognitive testing on a Visual Analog Scale (0mm=no effort, 100mm=maximum effort). A one-way MANOVA was used to determine domain score differences between the control and sandbagging groups (alpha=0.05) and percent flagged as invalid. A series of ANOVA’s was used to post-hoc the MANOVA.

Results

Significant raw domain score group differences were identified (V=0.67, F=7.13, p<0.001) such that the sandbagging group performed significantly worse on visual memory, psychomotor speed, reaction time, complex attention, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, executive function, and motor speed compared to the control group. Built-in CNS Vital Signs invalidity indicators successfully identified approximately 70% (17/25) of coached sandbaggers. Approximately 12% of control group participants (3/25) fell below the validity cutoff for simple attention despite instructions to perform their best. All participants on average reported less than optimal effort (mean= 6.8–2.5).

Conclusion

Built-in CNS Vital Signs validity indicators do an overall good job at identifying those attempting to purposefully sandbag the test. Given that 30% of intentional sandbaggers went undetected, clinicians should consider additional safeguards beyond test algorithms to detect these individuals at baseline.
Prevalence of Post-Exertion Cognitive Test Failure in Varsity Athletes with a History of Concussion
Authors: Sicard V , Caron G , Moore R D , Ellemberg D
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine whether varsity athletes with a history of concussions (6+ months from injury) show post-exertion cognitive alterations relative to their control counterparts.

Methods

Sixty-eight participants (34 with a HOC; 34 carefully-matched teammate controls) participated in this study. The research protocol consisted of a 20-min exertion protocol on stationary bike at 80% (80.98 ± 2.44%) of their theoretical maximal heart rate. Following physical exertion, they performed an experimental Switch task designed to assess executive functions. A series of one-way ANOVAs were performed to compare accuracy (Acc) and response time (RT) between HOC and control athletes on the Switch task. Since the study population was assumed to be heterogeneous, we ran chi-squared tests to determine if there was a group difference in the proportion of participants who underperformed by having a score that was at least 2SD higher (RT) or lower (Acc) than the mean.

Results

Whilst no significant group difference in performance on the Switch task, the chi-squared test revealed that significantly more HOC athletes (20.6%) underperformed relative to the controls based on their Acc (2.9%; Pearson χ²=5.10, p=0.02). chi-squared test for RT was not significant and no athlete failed both an Acc and RT.

Conclusion

Although the current results did not support our initial hypothesis that an acute bout of exercise would reveal persistent alterations that were not present at rest, they are in line with previous research indicating cognitive alterations in a minority of athletes (one in five) who sustained a concussion, despite reporting being asymptomatic and be actively participating in their sports. They also highlight the importance of considering inter-individual differences in recovery trajectories with heterogeneous population such as concussed athletes.
The Effect of Concussions on the Emotion Regulation Processes of Martial Arts Athletes
Authors: Sauvé WMoore R D , Ellemberg D
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To identify differences in the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies between martial artists who sustained concussive injuries and their control teammates.

Methods

Athletes (9 concussed, 10 controls) from martial arts teams completed the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) and rated pictures from the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) using the self-assessment manikin (SAM). Athletes actively participating in martial arts were recruited directly from their team 9 months (280.67±85.59 days) following a concussion. Athletes with a diagnosis of neurologic disorder were excluded form the analysis.

Results

Athletes with a history of concussion reported catastrophizing (p=.007) significantly less often and reported putting things in perspective (p=.04) more often than controls when faced with a negative event. While viewing neutral (p=.05) and negative (p=.03) pictures, athletes with a history of concussion rated pictures as more positive than controls did. They also felt more in control than non-concussed athletes while viewing positive (p=.008), neutral (p=.01), and negative (p=.05) pictures.

Conclusion

Martial artists reporting concussive injuries appear to diverge from non-concussed teammates in their emotion regulation processes. This group difference could be explained by greater affect intensity and surgency for the concussed group and greater emotional control and leveling of positive affect for the control group. Altered affective report following concussion may be related to more general impairments in socio-emotional functioning. Additional research is necessary to better understand how those alterations evolve over time and in relation with subsequent concussive injuries.
Sequence tube maps: making graph genomes intuitive to commuters
Authors: Beyer Wolfgang , Novak Adam M , Hickey Glenn , Chan Jeffrey , Tan Vanessa , Paten Benedict , Zerbino Daniel R
Published: July 2019

Motivation

Compared to traditional haploid reference genomes, graph genomes are an efficient and compact data structure for storing multiple genomic sequences, for storing polymorphisms or for mapping sequencing reads with greater sensitivity. Further, graphs are well-studied computer science objects that can be efficiently analyzed. However, their adoption in genomic research is slow, in part because of the cognitive difficulty in interpreting graphs.

Results

We present an intuitive graphical representation for graph genomes that re-uses well-honed techniques developed to display public transport networks, and demonstrate it as a web tool.

Availability and implementation

Code:  https://github.com/vgteam/sequenceTubeMap.

Demonstration

https://vgteam.github.io/sequenceTubeMap/.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Inosine RNA modifications are enriched at the codon wobble position in mouse oocytes and eggs†
Authors: Brachova Pavla , Alvarez Nehemiah S , Hong Xiaoman , Gunewardena Sumedha , Vincent Kailey A , Latham Keith E , Christenson Lane K
Published: July 2019

Mammalian oocytes and eggs are transcriptionally quiescent and depend on post-transcriptional mechanisms for proper maturation. Post-transcriptional mRNA modifications comprise an important regulatory mechanism that can alter protein and miRNA recognition sites, splicing, stability, secondary structure, and protein coding. We discovered that fully grown mouse germinal vesicle oocytes and metaphase II eggs display abundant inosine mRNA modifications compared to growing oocytes from postnatal day 12 oocytes. These inosines were enriched in mRNA protein coding regions (CDS) and specifically located at the third codon base, or wobble position. Inosines, observed at lower frequencies in CDS of somatic tissues, were similarly enriched at the codon wobble position. In oocytes and eggs, inosine modifications lead primarily to synonymous changes in mRNA transcripts. Inosines may ultimately affect maternal mRNA stability by changing codon usage, thereby altering translational efficiency and translationally coupled mRNA degradation. These important observations advance our understanding of post-transcriptional mechanisms contributing to mammalian oocyte maturation.
Breeding Centers, Private Ranches, and Genomics for Creating Sustainable Wildlife Populations
Authors: Wildt David , Miller Philip , Koepfli Klaus-Peter , Pukazhenthi Budhan , Palfrey Katy , Livingston Gavin , Beetem Dan , Shurter Stephen , Gregory Jimmy , Takács Michael , Snodgrass Kelley
Published: July 2019

Human-induced changes to environments are causing species declines. Beyond preserving habitat (in situ), insurance (ex situ) populations are essential to prevent species extinctions. The Conservation Centers for Species Survival (C2S2) is leveraging space of breeding centers and private ranches to produce “source populations”—genetically diverse reservoirs that also support research and reintroductions. The initial focus is on four African antelopes. C2S2 has developed a program, the Source Population Alliance, that emphasizes animals living in spacious, naturalistic conditions in greater numbers than can be accommodated by urban zoos. Simulation modeling demonstrates how herds can rapidly increase population abundance and retain genetic diversity. Advances in genomics and resulting DNA data allow monitoring of genetic diversity and parentage as well as refined decision-making. This approach, neither pure in situ nor ex situ, but rather “sorta situ”, is an innovative way of linking public and private sector resources to ensure that endangered species survive.
MYH9-related disease: it does exist, may be more frequent than you think and requires specific therapy
Authors: Fernandez-Prado Raul , Carriazo-Julio Sol Maria , Torra Roser , Ortiz Alberto , Perez-Gomez María Vanessa
Published: July 2019

In this issue of ckj, Tabibzadeh et al. report one of the largest series of patients with MYH9 mutations and kidney disease. The cardinal manifestation of MYH9-related disease is thrombocytopenia with giant platelets. The population frequency of pathogenic MYH9 mutations may be at least 1 in 20 000. The literature abounds in misdiagnosed cases treated for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with immune suppressants and even splenectomy. Additional manifestations include neurosensorial deafness and proteinuric and hematuric progressive kidney disease (at some point, it was called Alport syndrome with macrothrombocytopenia), leucocyte inclusions, cataracts and liver enzyme abnormalities, resulting in different names for different manifestation combinations (MATINS, May–Hegglin anomaly, Fechtner, Epstein and Sebastian syndromes, and deafness AD 17). The penetrance and severity of kidney disease are very variable, which may obscure the autosomal dominant inheritance. A correct diagnosis will both preclude unnecessary and potentially dangerous therapeutic interventions and allow genetic counselling and adequate treatment. Morphological erythrocyte, granulocyte and platelet abnormalities may allow the future development of high-throughput screening techniques adapted to clinical peripheral blood flow cytometers.
Endovascular treatment of acute type A aortic dissection in a nonagenarian: stabilization of a short covered stent using a bare-metal stent
Authors: Wamala Isaac , Heck Roland , Falk Volkmar , Buz Semih
Published: July 2019

Endovascular treatment is a viable alternative therapy in high-risk patients with acute type A aortic dissection. However, the optimal endovascular treatment strategy is still evolving. Herein, we present a case of a 91-year-old man who successfully underwent repair of an ascending aortic dissection using a stent-in-stent technique. At 1-year follow-up, the stent demonstrated repair durability.
Determining the soil-bedrock interface and fracture-zone scope in the central urban area of the Jinan city, China, by using microtremor signals
Authors: Du Yanan , Xu Peifen , Ling Suqun , Tian Baoqing , You Zhiwei , Zhang Ruohan
Published: July 2019

To explore and utilize the urban underground space, it is important for us to accurately obtain information on the near surface structures. Microtremor signals play a vital role in that they carry abundant information about the subsurface structure and can be easily observed under disturbance of human activities in urban areas. We collected microtremor signals at 24 sites along a survey line in central Jinan city, obtained the dispersion curves by using the Extended Spatial Autocorrelation method and the resonance frequencies by using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio method, and inverted the near surface structures by using the forking genetic algorithm. The lateral variation of the soil–rock interface was delineated at a maximum depth of 33 m and a large fracture zone was determined at a width of approximately 300 m. The frequency peaks changed from 2.5 to 7.3 Hz for the fracture and stable zones. A frequency-dependent model of the sediment thickness was obtained as $h = 101{f_r}^{ - 1.13}$, where h is the depth with a unit of m and fr is the resonance frequency. These results may be useful for understanding near surface structures and then benefit exploration of urban underground space.
Low-frequency noise suppression for desert seismic data based on a wide inference network
Authors: Li Yue , Yu Wei , Zhang Chao , Yang Baojun
Published: July 2019

The importance of seismic exploration has been recognized by geophysicists. At present, low-frequency noise usually exists in seismic exploration, especially in desert seismic records. This low-frequency noise shares the same frequency band with effective signals. This leads to the limitation or failure of traditional methods. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional denoising methods, we propose a novel desert seismic data denoising method based on a Wide Inference Network (WIN). The WIN aims to minimize the error between the prediction and target by residual learning during training, and it can obtain a set of optimal parameters, such as weights and biases. In this article, we construct a high-quality training set for a desert seismic record and this ensures the effective training of a WIN. In this way, each layer of the trained WIN can automatically extract a set of time–space characteristics without manual adjustment. These characteristics are transmitted layer by layer. Finally, they are utilized to extract effective signals. To verify the effectiveness of the WIN, we apply it to synthetic and real desert seismic records, respectively. In addition, we compare WIN with f – x deconvolution, variational mode decomposition (VMD) and shearlet transform. The results show that WIN has the best denoising performance in suppressing low-frequency noise and preserving effective signals.
Life-History Parameters of Striacosta albicosta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Montezano Débora G , Hunt Thomas E , Specht Alexandre , Luz Priscila M C , Peterson Julie A
Published: July 2019

Striacosta albicosta (Smith) is a key pest of maize and dry beans in North America. It has expanded its distribution from the western Great Plains of the United States to the Great Lakes region in the United States and Canada. There has been limited research on the baseline biological aspects of this insect under controlled conditions. The objective of this study was to detail the biological parameters of S. albicosta feeding on an artificial diet under laboratory conditions. Overall survival from neonate to adult at 26.6 ± 1°C was 36.72% and the total developmental time was approximately 110 d. Survival of the egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages were 75.71, 98.50, 51.78, and 95.10%, respectively. Average duration of the egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages was 4.64, 28.20, 41.50, and 25.91 d, respectively. During the larval stage, 92.50% of larvae developed through seven instars and the remaining through six instars. Larvae that developed through six and seven instars exhibited a mean growth ratio of 1.60 and 1.47, respectively; however, there was no difference in pupal weight. Eggs laid by field-mated moths showed a fertility of 75.71%, compared with 4.18% from laboratory-reared moths. These data suggest that S. albicosta develop primarily through seven instars and the most vulnerable developmental stage is the prepupa. Laboratory conditions strongly affected fertility success. Information presented here greatly expands our understanding of S. albicosta biology, which can be used to improve the efficiency of laboratory bioassays and management techniques for this critical crop pest.