bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measures and factors for regularly and effectively holding case conferences to improve quality of care provided by public health nurses for individuals and families: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Sato Taichi , Ishimaru Mina
Published: August 2024

Objective

This study clarified the measures and necessary factors for regularly and effectively conducting case conferences to improve the quality of public health nurses’ care for individuals and families.

Design

We employed a qualitative descriptive design.

Sample

The study fields were three Japanese municipalities that regularly held case conferences for at least a year to improve the quality of public health nurses’ care for individuals and families. The first author conducted semi‐structured interviews with three lead public health nurses and two nurses responsible for case conference projects.

Measurements

The audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed verbatim and categorized. Interviews were conducted between December 2021 and May 2022.

Results

Measures to regularly and effectively conduct case conferences included “creating a system to promote case conferences,” “preparations to achieve case conference objectives,” and “case conference progress management.” Factors included “resources for promoting case conferences in the organization,” “public health nurses’ attitudes toward care,” and “an environment that allows discussions about care.”

Conclusion

Lead public health nurses can use the results as a reference to implement the identified measures in their organizations. The factors can enable lead public health nurses to evaluate the status of their organization regarding conducting case conferences.
Global dynamics of a two‐stage structured diffusive population model in time‐periodic and spatially heterogeneous environments
Authors: Gueguezo H. M. , Doumatè T. J. , Salako R. B.
Published: August 2024

This work examines the global dynamics of classical solutions of a two‐stage (juvenile–adult) reaction–diffusion population model in time‐periodic and spatially heterogeneous environments. It is shown that the sign of the principal eigenvalue of the time‐periodic linearized system at the trivial solution completely determines the persistence of the species. Moreover, when , there is at least one time‐periodic positive entire solution. A fairly general sufficient condition ensuring the uniqueness and global stability of the positive time‐periodic solution is obtained. In particular, classical solutions eventually stabilize at the unique time‐periodic positive solutions if either each subgroup's intrastage growth and interstage competition rates are proportional, or the environment is temporally homogeneous and both subgroups diffuse slowly. In the latter scenario, the asymptotic profile of steady states with respect to small diffusion rates is established.
Nonlinear effects of uncertainty shocks: State dependency and asymmetry
Authors: Morita Hiroshi , Yuasa Shiro
Published: August 2024

The nonlinear effects of uncertainty shocks on U.S. macroeconomy are examined using a smooth transition VAR model in which the dynamic relationship between the variables changes with the level of economic policy uncertainty. Our results show that the nonlinear effects of uncertainty shocks depend on the current level of uncertainty, with uncertainty shocks behaving more like stronger demand shocks in the high‐uncertainty period than in the low period. Hence, we can conclude that the negative demand shock channel of uncertainty shocks, documented in the literature, is valid especially in the high‐uncertainty period.
Effects of the Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching (PAEMST) on teacher leadership trajectories
Authors: Ives Jillian , Falk Joni
Published: August 2024

Providing teachers opportunities to lead has a positive effect on student achievement and teacher retention, which is critical in a time when there is a shortage of qualified STEM teachers. While there is research on the impact of professional development (PD) programs on teacher leadership, there is sparse literature on the impact of award or recognition programs such as the Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching (PAEMST). In this qualitative case study of eight PAEMST teacher leaders, we found that the PAEMST program accelerates and promotes STEM teacher leadership trajectories. The PAEMST program does this through: (a) the application process, which provided teachers with an informal PD experience; (b) the award notification experience, which served as external validation to boost teachers' confidence and identification as leaders; and (c) external validation and an expanded professional network, all of which led to increased leadership opportunities at the state and national level. Furthermore, we found increased opportunities to lead within the school and district was mediated by the reaction of their colleagues, school culture, and school leadership structures. We offer recommendations for administrators and practitioners in providing teacher leadership trajectories for awardees to positively influence their schools.
Motivación, aprendizaje y currículo en educación médica: estado del arte
Authors: Salazar-Blanco Olga Francisca , Valdéz-Fernández Adriana Lucía
Published: August 2024

Revisión descriptiva y estado del arte basado en un análisis de investigaciones publicadas desde 2016 hasta marzo de 2021,en relación con la motivación hacia el aprendizaje,para aclarar contrastes entre las percepciones de motivación de estudiantes y docentes.Se utilizaron los descriptores “motivation learning and medical students” y se incluyeron 45 documentos.La investigación abarcó tres momentos: contextualización, análisis e interpretación.Se identificó el interés por el estudio de las relaciones docente-estudiante,las didácticas activas, el currículo y la influencia del ambiente de aprendizaje en la motivación. Se propone reforzar la pertinencia curricular interna y externa con experiencias motivadoras para los estudiantes.
La enseñanza literaria en secundaria: modelos, enfoques y tradiciones
Authors: Ariztía-Sandoval María del Pilar
Published: August 2024

Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica sobre la enseñanza literaria en secundaria en espacios anglo e hispanoparlantes, la cual constituye un campo de investigación de escaso desarrollo latinoamericano. Se incluyen 56 artículos entre 2010 y 2021, en inglés y español, sobre dicha temática, caracterizándolos de acuerdo con la metodología, la epistemología y el contenido empleado. Entre los hallazgos, se observan influencias de las teorías de análisis literario en la enseñanza de la disciplina, y cuestionamientos a los modelos, al currículo y al corpus. Se propone, desde una mirada crítica y sociocultural, considerar al lector joven actual con sus intereses, contextos y tensiones.
Los formadores de profesores en lengua, matemáticas y ciencias naturales en Iberoamérica. Estado del arte
Authors: Parra-Sandoval Hugo , Ortiz-Flores Marielsa , Arteaga-Quevedo Yannett , Ríos-García Yaneth
Published: August 2024

Ante la necesidad de estudiar al formador de profesores, presentamos los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo identificar tendencias, aportes y demandas de conocimiento en investigaciones sobre este actor, publicadas en revistas iberoamericanas de didáctica de la lengua, matemáticas y ciencias naturales. Los resultados encontrados, por medio de la elaboración de un estado del arte, profundizan en el conocimiento y comprensión de la identidad profesional del formador, quien articula la teoría y la práctica educativa, tendiendo puentes entre la academia y la escuela. Luego de la indagación realizada, recomendamos profundizar en el conocimiento del ser, el saber y la formación del formador, e investigar su labor fuera del ámbito universitario, en su papel de supervisor, mentor o docente par.
Líneas investigativas sobre educación y territorio. Una revisión de estudios empíricos
Authors: Rivera-Sepúlveda Álvaro Andrés , Quitián-Álvarez Eduard Andrés , Farfán-Martínez Valentina
Published: August 2024

La presente es una revisión de estudios empíricos que tiene como propósito mostrar la relación investigativa entre educación y territorio como un campo de saber en proceso de consolidación.Para ello,se diseñó una investigación documental con enfoque cualitativo, tomando en consideración artículos de investigación publicados en cuatro idiomas diferentes durante los últimos siete años.Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que en torno al abordaje de lo educativo en clave territorial se han configurado seis líneas investigativas que comparten un horizonte epistemológico común.Se concluye que el territorio, como categoría teórica y metodológica, propicia lecturas geo-socio-pedagógicas sobre lo que acontece en los contextos escolares.
Development of a Novel Retinal Surgery Robot Based on Spatial Variable Remote Center-of-Motion Mechanism
Authors: Zhao Xiaolu , Wang Fujun , Tao Changping , Shi Beichao , Huo Zhichen , Tian Yanling
Published: August 2024

This article reports the design, modeling, and experiments of a novel retinal surgery robot based on spatial variable remote center-of-motion (RCM) mechanism. The general design criteria for parallel mechanisms are proposed, and the planar five-bar mechanisms are evaluated and selected. The planar-spatial evolution process, including the parallel connection of the planar mechanism and the equivalent substitution of joints, is adopted to develop a spatial variable RCM mechanism and then the robot. The mobility and singularity of the robot are analyzed, and the forward/inverse kinematics and workspace are modeled. Dimension optimization is conducted based on a comprehensive performance indicator that characterizes the motion range of linear actuators and the global dexterity performance index of robot. The prototyped robot is fabricated and assembled, and the kinematic calibration is performed. The position error of end-effector is within 34 μm, and both the position error and deviation of the RCM point are within 23 μm. The robot is demonstrated to reach the desired position and execute the RCM motion with high precision simultaneously.
Thermodynamic Optimization of a Combined Cooling and Power System Utilizing Industrial Waste Heat
Authors: Yin Ge , Yuan Tianhao , Li Deming , Zhang Chengbin , Deng Zilong
Published: August 2024

Cascade utilization is the most promising solution for efficient recovery of industrial waste heat. In this paper, a combined cooling and power (CCP) system including an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and an absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) is proposed, aiming to realize the cascade utilization of efficient utilization of low-grade flue gas. With the objective of maximizing the equivalent specific net power output, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to optimize the operation parameters of the proposed system and the composition and mass fractions of zeotropic working fluid. The results indicate that the proposed system can realize efficient cascade utilization for flue gas waste heat energy. The optimized proposed system achieves a specific net power output of 6.09 kW/kgFG of a specific refrigeration capacity of 27.65 kW/kgFG. Additionally, heat exchanger exergy losses account for 73.7% and 53.6% of the total exergy losses in the ORC and ABR subsystems, respectively. Therefore, optimizing the heat exchanger equipment is a feasible approach to further enhance the thermodynamic performance of the proposed system.
Caspase-2 is essential for proliferation and self-renewal of nucleophosmin-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sakthivel Dharaniya , Brown-Suedel Alexandra N. , Lopez Karla E. , Salgar Suruchi , Coutinho Luiza E. , Keane Francesca , Huang Shixia , Sherry Kenneth Mc , Charendoff Chloé I. , Dunne Kevin P. , Robichaux Dexter J. , Vargas-Hernández Alexander , Le BaoChau , Shin Crystal S. , Carisey Alexandre F. , Poreba Marcin , Flanagan Jonathan M. , Bouchier-Hayes Lisa
Published: August 2024

Mutation in nucleophosmin (NPM1) causes relocalization of this normally nucleolar protein to the cytoplasm (NPM1c+). Despite NPM1 mutation being the most common driver mutation in cytogenetically normal adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the mechanisms of NPM1c+-induced leukemogenesis remain unclear. Caspase-2 is a proapoptotic protein activated by NPM1 in the nucleolus. Here, we show that caspase-2 is also activated by NPM1c+ in the cytoplasm and DNA damage–induced apoptosis is caspase-2 dependent in
NPM1c+
but not in
NPM1wt
AML cells. Strikingly, in
NPM1c
+ cells, caspase-2 loss results in profound cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and down-regulation of stem cell pathways that regulate pluripotency including impairment of the AKT/mTORC1 pathways, and inhibition of Rictor cleavage. In contrast, there were minimal differences in proliferation, differentiation, or the transcriptional profile of
NPM1wt
cells lacking caspase-2. Our results show that caspase-2 is essential for proliferation and self-renewal of AML cells expressing mutated NPM1. This study demonstrates that caspase-2 is a major effector of NPM1c+ function.
Van der Waals mid-wavelength infrared detector linear array for room temperature passive imaging
Authors: Xu Tengfei , Zhong Fang , Wang Peng , Wang Zhen , Ge Xun , Wang Jinjin , Wang Hailu , Zhang Kun , Zhang Zhenhan , Zhao Tiange , Yu Yiye , Luo Min , Wang Yang , Jiang Ruiqi , Wang Fang , Chen Fansheng , Liu Qi , Hu Weida
Published: August 2024

Passive imaging for mid-wave infrared (MWIR) is resistant to atmospheric pollutants, guaranteeing image clarity and accuracy. Arrayed photodetectors can simultaneously perform radiation sensing to improve efficiency. Room temperature van der Waals (vdWs) photodetectors without lattice matching have evolved rapidly with optimized stacking methods, primarily for single-pixel devices. The urgent need to implement arrayed devices aligns with practical demands. Here, we present an 8 by 1 black phosphorus/molybdenum sulfide (BP/MoS
2
) vdWs photodetector linear array with a fill-factor of ~77%, fabricated using a temperature-assisted sloping transfer method. The flat interface and uniform thickness facilitate carrier transport and minimize pixel nonuniformities, showing an average peak detectivity (
D
*
) of 2.34 × 10
9
cm·Hz
1/2
·W
−1
in the mid-wave infrared region. Compared to a single pixel, push-broom scanning passive imaging is eight times more efficient and further enhanced through mean filtering and fast Fourier transform filtering for strip noise correction. Our study offers guidance on vdWs arrayed devices for engineering applications.
Modulating amacrine cell–derived dopamine signaling promotes optic nerve regeneration and preserves visual function
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xue Jingfei , Tang Jiahui , Wu Siting , Liu Zhe , Wu Caiqing , Liu Canying , Liu Yidan , Lin Jicheng , Han Jiaxu , Liu Liyan , Chen Yuze , Yang Jinpeng , Li Zhidong , Zhao Ling , Wei Yantao , Li Yiqing , Zhuo Yehong
Published: August 2024

As part of the central nervous system, the optic nerve, composed of axons from retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), generally fails to regenerate on its own when injured in adult mammals. An innovative approach to promoting optic nerve regeneration involves manipulating the interactions between amacrine cells (ACs) and RGCs. Here, we identified a unique AC subtype, dopaminergic ACs (DACs), that responded early after optic nerve crush by down-regulating neuronal activity and reducing retinal dopamine (DA) release. Activating DACs or augmenting DA release with levodopa demonstrated neuroprotective effects and modestly enhanced axon regeneration. Within this context, we pinpointed the DA receptor D1 (DRD1) as a critical mediator of DAC-derived DA and showed that RGC-specific
Drd1
overexpression effectively overcame subtype-specific barriers to regeneration. This strategy markedly boosted RGC survival and axon regeneration after crush and preserved vision in a glaucoma model. This study unveils the crucial role of DAC-derived DA signaling in optic nerve regeneration, holding promise for therapeutic insights into neural repair.
Enhanced Atlantic Meridional Mode predictability in a high-resolution prediction system
Authors: Zhang Qiuying , Chang Ping , Fu Dan , Yeager Stephen G. , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Castruccio Frederic , Rosenbloom Nan
Published: August 2024

Accurate prediction of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the tropical North Atlantic on multiyear timescales is of paramount importance due to its notable impact on tropical cyclone activity. Recent advances in high-resolution climate predictions have demonstrated substantial improvements in the skill of multiyear SST prediction. This study reveals a notable enhancement in high-resolution tropical North Atlantic SST prediction that stems from a more realistic representation of the Atlantic Meridional Mode and the associated wind-evaporation-SST feedback. The key to this improvement lies in the enhanced surface wind response to changes in cross-equatorial SST gradients, resulting from Intertropical Convergence Zone bias reduction when atmospheric model resolution is increased, which, in turn, amplifies the positive feedback between latent and sensible surface heat fluxes and SST anomalies. These advances in high-resolution climate prediction hold promise for extending tropical cyclone forecasts at multiyear timescales.
The robustness of porin-cytochrome gene clusters from
Geobacter metallireducens
in extracellular electron transfer
Authors: Zhuo Shiyan , Jiang Yongguang , Qi Lei , Hu Yidan , Jiang Zhou , Dong Yiran , Shi Liang
Published: August 2024

To investigate their roles in extracellular electron transfer (EET), the porin-cytochrome (
pcc
) gene clusters
Gmet0825-0828
,
Gmet0908-0910
, and
Gmet0911-0913
of the Gram-negative bacterium
Geobacter metallireducens
were deleted. Failure to delete all
pcc
gene clusters at the same time suggested their essential roles in extracellular reduction of Fe(III)-citrate by
G. metallireducens
. Deletion of
Gmet0825-0828
had no impact on bacterial reduction of Fe(III)-citrate but diminished bacterial reduction of ferrihydrite and abolished anode reduction and direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) to
Methanosarcina barkeri
and
Geobacter sulfurreducens
. Although it had no impact on the bacterial reduction of Fe(III)-citrate, deletion of
Gmet0908-0910
delayed ferrihydrite reduction, abolished anode reduction, and diminished DIET. Deletion of
Gmet0911-0913
had little impact on DIET but diminished bacterial reductions of Fe(III)-citrate, ferrihydrite, and anodes. Most importantly, deletions of both
Gmet0825-0828
and
Gmet0908-0910
restored bacterial reduction of ferrihydrite and anodes and DIET. Enhanced expression of
Gmet0911-0913
in this double mutant when grown in coculture with
G. sulfurreducens
Δ
hybL
Δ
fdnG
suggested that this cluster might compensate for impaired EET functions of deleting
Gmet0825-0828
and
Gmet0908-0910
. Thus, these
pcc
gene clusters played essential, distinct, overlapping, and compensatory roles in EET of
G. metallireducens
that are difficult to characterize as deletion of some clusters affected expression of others. The robustness of these
pcc
gene clusters enabled
G. metallireducens
to mediate EET to different acceptors for anaerobic growth even when two of its three
pcc
gene clusters were inactivated by mutation. The results from this investigation provide new insights into the roles of
pcc
gene clusters in bacterial EET.

IMPORTANCE

The Gram-negative bacterium
Geobacter metallireducens
is of environmental and biotechnological significance. Crucial to the unique physiology of
G. metallireducens
is its extracellular electron transfer (EET) capability. This investigation sheds new light on the robust roles of the three porin-cytochrome (
pcc
) gene clusters, which are directly involved in EET across the bacterial outer membrane, in the EET of
G. metallireducens
. In addition to their essential roles, these gene clusters also play distinct, overlapping, and compensatory roles in the EET of
G. metallireducens
. The distinct roles of the
pcc
gene clusters enable
G. metallireducens
to mediate EET to a diverse group of electron acceptors for anaerobic respirations. The overlapping and compensatory roles of the
pcc
gene clusters enable
G. metallireducens
to maintain and restore its EET capability for anaerobic growth when one or two of its three
pcc
gene clusters are deleted from the genome.
Molecular basis for sortase-catalyzed pilus tip assembly
Authors: Bhat Aadil H. , Chang Chungyu , Das Asis , Ton-That Hung
Published: August 2024

During pilus assembly within the Gram-positive bacterial envelope, membrane-bound sortase enzymes sequentially crosslink specific pilus protein monomers through their cell wall sorting signals (CWSS), starting with a designated tip pilin, followed by the shaft made of another pilin, ultimately anchoring the fiber base pilin to the cell wall. To date, the molecular determinants that govern pilus tip assembly and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. Here, we addressed this in the model organism
Actinomyces oris
. This oral microbe assembles a pathogenically important pilus (known as type 2 fimbria) whose shafts, made of FimA pilins, display one of two alternate tip pilins—FimB or the coaggregation factor CafA—that share a markedly similar CWSS. We demonstrate that swapping the CWSS of CafA with that of FimB produces a functional hybrid, which localizes at the pilus tip and mediates polymicrobial coaggregation, whereas alanine-substitution of the conserved FLIAG motif within the CWSS hampers these processes. Remarkably, swapping the CWSS of the normal cell wall-anchored glycoprotein GspA with that of CafA promotes the assembly of hybrid GspA at the FimA pilus tip. Finally, exchanging the CWSS of the
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
shaft pilin SpaA with that of CafA leads to the FLIAG motif-dependent localization of the heterologous pilus protein SpaA at the FimA pilus tip in
A. oris
. Evidently, the CWSS and the FLIAG motif of CafA are both necessary and sufficient for its destination to the cognate pilus tip specifically assembled by a designated sortase in the organism.

IMPORTANCE

Gram-positive pili, whose precursors harbor a cell wall sorting signal (CWSS) needed for sortase-mediated pilus assembly, typically comprise a pilus shaft and a tip adhesin. How a pilin becomes a pilus tip, nevertheless, remains undetermined. We demonstrate here in
Actinomyces oris
that the CWSS of the tip pilin CafA is necessary and sufficient to promote pilus tip assembly, and this functional assembly involves a conserved FLIAG motif within the CWSS. This is evidenced by the fact that an
A. oris
cell-wall anchored glycoprotein, GspA, or a heterologous shaft pilin from
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
, SpaA, engineered to have the CWSS of CafA in place of their CWSS, localizes at the pilus tip in a process that requires the FLIAG motif. Our findings provide the molecular basis for sortase-catalyzed pilus tip assembly that is very likely employed by other Gram-positive bacteria and potential bioengineering applications to display antigens at controlled surface distance.
Supplemental Material: Body-size reductions in dacryoconarid tentaculitoids during Late Devonian warming
Authors: Prow-Fleischer Ashley N. , al. et
Published: August 2024

Figure S1: Log-transformed adult volume distributions for each sampled interval. Figure S2: Log-transformed initial chamber volume distributions for each sampled bed. Figure S3: Evolutionary trajectory modeling. Figure S4: Family-level stratigraphic trends in mean log-transformed initial chamber volumes (A), adult volumes (B), and adult to initial chamber ratio (C). Figure S5: Geochemical proxy data for nutrient availability (A–C) and redox conditions (D–E) relevant interval spanning the upper West River Formation through the punctata zonation of the lower Rhinestreet Formation from Akzo core 9455.
Endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: Rate of thromboembolic events depicted by diffusion-weighted imaging in relation to different techniques
Authors: Pierot Laurent , Rouchaud Aymeric , Chabert Emmanuel , Desal Hubert , Ricolfi Frédéric , Barbe Coralie , Soize Sébastien , Zerroug Adberrahim , Eugène Francois , Clarençon Frédéric , Ferré Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2024

Background

The rate of thromboembolic events (TEEs) associated with endovascular treatment (EVT) of intracranial aneurysms is not reported uniformly in the literature due to the various ways that are used to evaluate them. Analysis of Thromboembolic Complications after Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms study (ACET) is a prospective, multicenter study, which analyzes the rate of TEEs using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients treated for unruptured aneurysms with different endovascular techniques.

Methods

Patients were prospectively included in six French centers. Postoperative DWI-MRI was performed within 72 hours post-procedure and independently evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with the occurrence of DWI lesions.

Results

Of the 233 included patients (54.5±11.2 years, 162 women, (69.5%)), 226 were effectively treated by EVT (coiling: 90 patients, 39.8%; balloon-assisted coiling (BAC): 62, 27.4%; stent-assisted coiling (SAC): 10, 4.4%; flow diversion (FD): 21, 9.3%; intrasaccular flow disruption (ISFD): 43, 19.0%) and had a postoperative MRI showing DWI lesions in 133 patients (58.8%). Univariate and multivariate analyses show the rate of patients with DWI lesions to be significantly higher with BAC (75.8%, P=0.001), SAC (90.0%, P=0.02), and FD (95.2%, P=0.001) compared with coiling alone (41.1%).

Conclusions

The rate of DWI lesions after EVT of unruptured aneurysms is primarily influenced by the EVT technique used. Techniques using transient (BAC) or permanent (SAC and FD) device placement in the parent artery are associated with a higher rate of DWI lesions.

Trial registration number

ACET: Unique identifier:NCT02862756.
A Multi-Scale GNN-Based Personalized Recommender System for Online Consumption Decision
Authors: Zheng Dahuan , Shi Xiaomeng
Published: August 2024

In an era of consumer electronics, effective consumption recommendation contributes a lot to improving benefits for online shopping operators. However, consumers and products constitute a complex heterogeneous information network, in which extraction of structural features is essential. To construct more fine-grained feature space for modeling, we introduce the graph neural network (GNN) theory for this purpose. Accordingly, a multi-scale GNN-based personalized recommender system for online consumption decision is proposed in this paper. Firstly, we set up an encoder for consumption decision based on a multi-scale GNN structure, and define the loss function. Two realistic datasets are utilized as the research scenario, in order to complete the feature combination of online consumption. Then, personalized recommendation settings are completed based on a recurrent neural network structure. And a graph learning module is embedded in it to integrate cross-attention mechanism to establish the consumption decision algorithm. Finally, the proposed method is tested by comparing with relevant research methods under several metrics: adaptability, success rate, and stability. The results show that the proposed method has achieved some improvement in accuracy, coverage, and recommendation speed.
Modeling and Methods for Improving Anti-Rolling Abilities of Autonomous Surface Manipulator Systems
Authors: Li Tao , Cai Yi
Published: August 2024

An autonomous surface manipulator system (ASMS) is a novel intelligent system consisting of a robotic manipulator and an unmanned surface vehicle (USV). Due to the waves and the motions of the manipulators, ASMSs experience rolling while performing tasks, reducing their stability and working accuracy. Hence, two methods are proposed for improving the anti-rolling abilities of ASMSs based on their mathematical models. The first method is to solve the inverse kinematics issues of the manipulator with the objective of minimizing the moment between the manipulator and its base, and to design angle-time curves for each joint using seven-order polynomials. Experiment results demonstrate that the motion optimization of manipulators can reduce the maximum and stable roll angles of the USV by over 40%. The second method involves assembling a moving-mass system into the ASMS and controlling the motion of the moving mass using a dual-loop PID controller. The moving-mass system can significantly reduce the roll angle of USV caused by waves and the operations of manipulators, as validated by simulation on a proposed accurate dynamic model. The research work can greatly enhance the operation stability of ASMSs.
A robust numerical method for solving time-dependent singularly perturbed two-parameter problem using nonstandard finite difference method
Authors: Sangeetha C , Awasthi Ashish
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a numerical scheme based on a nonstandard finite difference method for solving the singularly perturbed time-dependent two-parameter problem. This model is a common occurrence in the theory of chemical flow reactors and boundary layers controlled by fluid suction. There are several numerical methods in the literature for solving singularly perturbed two-parameter problems with temporal dependence, but most of them are either of low order or else dependent on parameter. Here, we have constructed a numerical method based on Crank–Nicolson in time and by nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) in space. Consequently, the derived method is found to be higher-order accurate in space and time and also shows parameter uniformity. An extensive convergence analysis has been performed to demonstrate the method’s uniform convergence and the numerical answers back up the theoretical findings of the study.
Why are Black Holes Stable Against Their Own Gravity?
Authors: Morley P. D.
Published: August 2024

One of the great mysteries of physics is why neutron stars, which are timelike matter, have a maximum mass, but Black Holes, which are spacelike matter, have no maximum mass. Indeed, Black Holes have been observed having masses of billions of solar masses. The answer ultimately is related to the stability of Black Holes (BH) against their own gravity, which is the key to understanding General Relativity. We show that the answer to these two related questions is the existence of a fundamental Black Hole constant: [Formula: see text] Newtons, independent of Black Hole mass. This constant allows us to derive the correct area law for Black Hole coalesce.
The Role of Deadwood in the Carbon Cycle: Implications for Models, Forest Management, and Future Climates
Authors: Wijas Baptiste J. , Allison Steven D. , Austin Amy T. , Cornwell William K. , Cornelissen J. Hans C. , Eggleton Paul , Fraver Shawn , Ooi Mark K.J. , Powell Jeff R. , Woodall Christopher W. , Zanne Amy E.
Published: August 2024

Deadwood represents a significant carbon pool and unique biodiversity reservoir in forests and savannas but has been largely overlooked until recently. Storage and release of carbon from deadwood is controlled by interacting decomposition drivers including biotic consumers (animals and microbes) and abiotic factors (water, fire, sunlight, and freeze–thaw). Although previous research has focused mainly on forests, we synthesize deadwood studies across diverse ecosystems with woody vegetation. As changing climates and land-use practices alter the landscape, we expect accelerating but variable rates of inputs and outputs from deadwood pools. Currently, Earth system models implicitly represent only microbial consumers as drivers of wood decomposition; we show that many other factors influence deadwood pools. Forest management practices increasingly recognize deadwood as an important contributor to forest dynamics, biodiversity, and carbon budgets. Together, emerging knowledge from modeling and management suggests a growing need for additional research on deadwood contributions to carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions.
Communication, Climate Mitigation, and Behavior Change Interventions: Understanding Message Design and Digital Media Technologies
Authors: Chatterjee Joyee Shairee , Thongprasert Sirayuth , Some Shreya
Published: August 2024

Using the socio-ecological model of social and behavior change communication, our review highlights current trends in understanding message design factors and media technologies promoting proenvironment and climate mitigative behaviors. We explain that much of this research has focused on the individual level, and relatively few studies have been conducted at the interpersonal and community levels. With respect to changing communication ecology, we note the potential for research on the use of social media platforms to influence positive behavior changes and, conversely, the challenges of misinformation and its impact on behavior shifts. This area requires further investigation as these communication platforms transform and become increasingly relevant. Additionally, we need to explicate the long-term shifts and impacts of behavior change interventions as well as track behaviors over time. Overall, our review underscores the continued need for research across different geographical, sociopolitical, and technological contexts.
The Self-Control of Eating
Authors: Mann Traci , Ward Andrew
Published: August 2024

Many individuals struggle to regulate their own consumption of food. Beginning with general theories of self-control, we review psychological factors that have been shown to influence the regulation of eating, including those related to particular personality variables, such as external eating, restrained eating, and reward sensitivity, as well as situational constraints, including normative influences, emotions, and calorie deprivation. Strategies for the self-control of eating, including reappraisal, effortful inhibition, and various automatic strategies are also reviewed, along with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of historical and contemporary psychological studies investigating food consumption. Whereas extensive examinations of food preferences and body weight have appeared in the psychological literature, we call for more robust research that prioritizes actual eating as the primary dependent measure.
Modeling and Sensitivity Estimation of a Dual Cavity Source Pocket-Based Charge Plasma Tunneling FET for Label-Free Biological Molecule Detection
Authors: Panda Shwetapadma , Dash Sidhartha
Published: August 2024

A dual-source cavity charge plasma tunneling FET (DSC-SP-CPTFET) with SiGe Pocket is proposed, and its effectiveness as a biological sensor for label-free detection is explored. The fabrication complexity and cost have been reduced by using the charge-plasma concept. For improved sensing, an etched nanocavity is added to the upper and lower of the source metal section. The high-k (HfO2) gate oxide and minimal energy gap (Si0.6Ge0.4) alloy with a 40% mole fraction improve the current sensitivity by enhancing the drain current gradient. The sensitivity of the suggested biological sensor is assessed here for several neutral biological molecules, such as Gelatin, Keratin, Biotin, and 3-Aminopropyl-Triethoxysilane (APTES). Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a charged biological molecule, is also considered with varying positive and negative charge densities. The suggested biological sensor shows a (SIDS)max of 2.21 × 1010 and a Sratio of 3.11 × 109 for biological molecules with higher dielectric constant at room temperature. Different electrostatic performances are estimated in the ON state, including energy band, electron (e-) BTBT rate, electrical field, and IDS-VGS characteristics. In addition, the proposed biological sensor provides a much superior drain current sensitivity (SIDS), current ratio sensitivity (Sratio), and average SS sensitivity (SSS) performance in the presence of both charged and neutral biological molecules.
Examining Causation of Fatal Traffic Crashes Involving Commercial Vehicles over the Last Decade in China
Authors: Xia Hongwen , Liu Rengkui , Cui Pengfei , Zhou Wei , Luo Wenhui
Published: August 2024

Fatal traffic crashes involving commercial vehicles exhibit distinct characteristics and mechanisms compared to general traffic crashes, influenced by numerous factors that impact the resulting fatalities. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of significant commercial vehicle crashes in China over a nine‐year period (2014–2022), exploring an extensive range of factors including driver behavior, road conditions, vehicle characteristics, and environmental aspects. Utilizing a hierarchical Bayesian ordered probit model that incorporates both categorical and random effects, the research offers nuanced insights into the probabilistic outcomes of fatal traffic crashes. The model’s hierarchical structure enables the exploration of unobserved heterogeneities at individual and group levels. Key findings indicate that driver’s behaviors like speeding and overloading significantly escalate the likelihood of fatal traffic crashes, particularly those resulting in 10 or more fatalities. The study also highlights the role of road class in fatal crashes, with primary and secondary roads being associated with higher risks of more severe fatal crashes. The analysis extends to the impact of vehicle type, noting a distinct increase in the probabilities of fatal crashes with passenger vehicles, while freight vehicles exhibit a more complex relationship with fatal crashes severity. The insights from this study underscore the urgent need for enhanced enforcement of speed limit and vehicle weight regulations, particularly through the deployment of advanced monitoring technologies on highways frequented by commercial vehicles, and targeted infrastructure improvements on primary and secondary roads. This approach offers a novel analytical framework for evaluating commercial traffic crashes, assisting policymakers in devising targeted safety interventions to reduce the incidence of commercial vehicle crashes.
Immunohistochemical Profile of p62/SQSTM1/Sequestosome‐1 in Human Low‐ and High‐Grade Intracranial Meningiomas
Authors: Ieni Antonio , Pizzimenti Cristina , Fiorentino Vincenzo , Franchina Mariausilia , Germanò Antonino , Raffa Giovanni , Martini Maurizio , Fadda Guido , Tuccari Giovanni
Published: August 2024

Among autophagic‐related proteins, p62/SQSTM1/Sequestosome‐1 represents a relevant actor in cellular proliferation and neoplastic growth. Although, recently, p62 expression has been analyzed in different neurodegenerative and glial neoplastic diseases, no available information have been reported in meningiomas, which have an high epidemiological relevance being the second most common category of intracranial tumors after gliomas. Generally meningiomas have a benign behavior, but their recurrence is not uncommon mainly when atypical or anaplastic varieties occur. However, intranuclear vacuoles have been ultrastructurally observed in meningiomas, and they were labelled by p62 antibodies. Therefore, in the present study, we have investigated p62 immunohistochemical pattern in a cohort of 133 cases representative of low‐ and high‐grade meningiomas, to verify if p62 expression may be related to clinicopathological data, thus achieving a potential prognostic role. The p62 immunoexpression was frequently found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of neoplastic elements, and utilizing an intensity‐distribution score, 55 (41.3%) cases were considered as high expressors while 78 (58.7%) cases were instead recorded as low expressors. Fifteen cases exhibited recurrences of the disease, 14 of which were codified as high expressors. Moreover, a direct relationship between p62 and Mib‐1 immunoexpression as well as between p62 and neoplastic grade have been documented. Finally, we suggest that impaired autophagic flux with an increase in p62 expression may be involved in the activation of NRF2 also contributing in the development of recurrence in meningioma patients.
Assessment of the Fish Stock Status Using LBSPR with Its Implications on Fisheries Management: A Case Study of Nemipterus virgatus, Priacanthus macracanthus, and Saurida undosquamis in the Northern South China Sea
Authors: Lauden Hagai Nsobi , Xu Xinwen , Lyu Shaoliang , Lin Kun , Chen Ning , Wang Xuefeng
Published: August 2024

This study utilized the length‐based spawning potential ratio (LBSPR), a data‐limited model, to assess the stock status of three fin fish species in the northern South China Sea. The analysis used the “LBSPR” package in R software, incorporating catch‐length data of the study species and life history ratios. The results revealed a depletion of the stock’s reproductive biomass for S. undosquamis and imminent risks of stock collapse for P. macracanthus, with SPRs of 10% and 19%, respectively. In contrast, N. virgatus exhibited a relatively high SPR of 32%, surpassing the limit reference point (LRP) (20%). This study identified high fishing pressure (F/M) and the prevalence of destructive fishing practices as contributing factors to stock depletion. Effective management strategies, such as implementing stricter mesh size regulations, reducing catch limits, and reducing fishing efforts, are essential for addressing these issues. Adopting sustainable practices with an SPR target of 40% could lead to economic benefits for N. virgatus. Immediate interventions are crucial for P. macracanthus and S. undosquamis to prevent further declines. Continuous monitoring of the SPR, adaptive management, and active stakeholder engagement are vital for ensuring compliance with conservation measures and achieving long‐term sustainability in the region.
Supplementary Figure 3 from NSCLC Extracellular Vesicles Containing miR-374a-5p Promote Leptomeningeal Metastasis by Influencing Blood‒Brain Barrier Permeability
Authors: Jin Jie , Cui Yumeng , Niu Huicong , Lin Yanli , Wu Xiaojie , Qi Xuejiao , Bai Kaixuan , Zhang Yu , Wang Youliang , Bu Hui
Published: August 2024

The level of miR-374a-5p in cells and identification of EVs from cell supernatant.
Data from Long Noncoding RNA MSL3P1 Regulates CUL3 mRNA Cytoplasmic Transport and Stability and Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis
Authors: Shao Ming-Ming , Li Xin , Wei Rui-Qi , Chen Qing-Yu , Zhang Xin , Qiao Xin , Li Hui
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent histological type of lung cancer. Previous studies have reported that specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are involved in cancer development and progression. The phenotype and mechanism of ENST00000440028, named MSL3P1, an lncRNA referred to as a cancer-testis gene with potential roles in tumorigenesis and progression, have not been reported. MSL3P1 is overexpressed in LUAD tumor tissues, which is significantly associated with clinical characteristics, metastasis, and poor clinical prognosis. MSL3P1 promotes the metastasis of LUAD in vitro and in vivo. The enhancer reprogramming in LUAD tumor tissue is the major driver of the aberrant expression of MSL3P1. Mechanistically, owing to the competitive binding to CUL3 mRNA with ZFC3H1 protein (a protein involved in targeting polyadenylated RNA to exosomes and promoting the degradation of target mRNA), MSL3P1 can prevent the ZFC3H1-mediated RNA degradation of CUL3 mRNA and transport it to the cytoplasm. This activates the downstream epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition signaling pathway and promotes tumor invasion and metastasis.

Implications: This study indicates that lncRNA MSL3P1 regulates CUL3 mRNA stability and promotes metastasis and holds potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in LUAD.
Supplementary Table 17 from Activating Point Mutations in the MET Kinase Domain Represent a Unique Molecular Subset of Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies Targetable with MET Inhibitors
Authors: Pecci Federica , Nakazawa Seshiru , Ricciuti Biagio , Harada Guilherme , Lee Jessica K. , Alessi Joao V. , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Gandhi Malini M. , Gazgalis Dimitris , Feng William W. , Jiang Jie , Baldacci Simon , Locquet Marie-Anaïs , Gottlieb Felix H. , Chen Monica F. , Lee Elinton , Haradon Danielle , Smokovich Anna , Voligny Emma , Nguyen Tom , Goel Vikas K. , Zimmerman Zachary , Atwal Sumandeep , Wang Xinan , Bahcall Magda , Heist Rebecca S. , Iqbal Sumaiya , Gandhi Nishant , Elliott Andrew , Vanderwalde Ari M. , Ma Patrick C. , Halmos Balazs , Liu Stephen V. , Che Jianwei , Schrock Alexa B. , Drilon Alexander , Jänne Pasi A. , Awad Mark M.
Published: August 2024

Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics between NSCLCs with oncogenic / likely oncogenic MET tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations without other concurrent drivers and NSCLCs with MET exon 14 alterations in the Caris Life Sciences cohort.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Activating Point Mutations in the MET Kinase Domain Represent a Unique Molecular Subset of Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies Targetable with MET Inhibitors
Authors: Pecci Federica , Nakazawa Seshiru , Ricciuti Biagio , Harada Guilherme , Lee Jessica K. , Alessi Joao V. , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Gandhi Malini M. , Gazgalis Dimitris , Feng William W. , Jiang Jie , Baldacci Simon , Locquet Marie-Anaïs , Gottlieb Felix H. , Chen Monica F. , Lee Elinton , Haradon Danielle , Smokovich Anna , Voligny Emma , Nguyen Tom , Goel Vikas K. , Zimmerman Zachary , Atwal Sumandeep , Wang Xinan , Bahcall Magda , Heist Rebecca S. , Iqbal Sumaiya , Gandhi Nishant , Elliott Andrew , Vanderwalde Ari M. , Ma Patrick C. , Halmos Balazs , Liu Stephen V. , Che Jianwei , Schrock Alexa B. , Drilon Alexander , Jänne Pasi A. , Awad Mark M.
Published: August 2024

MET TKD mutations in NSCLC in cohort #1 and #2. (A) Flowchart of the NSCLC subgroup in cohort #1 (123 MET TKD mutations in 120 unique patients); (B) Prevalence of MET TKD mutations in NSCLC cases according to each dataset in cohort #1; (C) Lollipop plot of the oncogenic / likely oncogenic MET TKD mutations detected in NSCLC cases of cohort #1 (47 oncogenic / likely oncogenic MET TKD mutations in 44 unique patients); (D) Flowchart of the NSCLC subgroup in cohort #2 (590 MET TKD mutations in 586 unique patients); (E) Prevalence of MET TKD mutations in NSCLC cases according to cohort #2 (590 MET TKD mutations in 586 unique patients); (F) Lollipop plot of the oncogenic / likely oncogenic MET TKD mutations detected in NSCLC cases of cohort #2 (129 oncogenic / likely oncogenic MET TKD mutations in 129 unique patients).
Supplementary Figure 1 from Activating Point Mutations in the MET Kinase Domain Represent a Unique Molecular Subset of Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies Targetable with MET Inhibitors
Authors: Pecci Federica , Nakazawa Seshiru , Ricciuti Biagio , Harada Guilherme , Lee Jessica K. , Alessi Joao V. , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Gandhi Malini M. , Gazgalis Dimitris , Feng William W. , Jiang Jie , Baldacci Simon , Locquet Marie-Anaïs , Gottlieb Felix H. , Chen Monica F. , Lee Elinton , Haradon Danielle , Smokovich Anna , Voligny Emma , Nguyen Tom , Goel Vikas K. , Zimmerman Zachary , Atwal Sumandeep , Wang Xinan , Bahcall Magda , Heist Rebecca S. , Iqbal Sumaiya , Gandhi Nishant , Elliott Andrew , Vanderwalde Ari M. , Ma Patrick C. , Halmos Balazs , Liu Stephen V. , Che Jianwei , Schrock Alexa B. , Drilon Alexander , Jänne Pasi A. , Awad Mark M.
Published: August 2024

Study flowchart. Cohort #1 (multi-institutional cohort): GENIE V.11.0, China Pan-cancer (OrigiMed2020, Nature 2022), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer Atlas studies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) and NSCLC from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC); cohort #2: Foundation Medicine Pan-Cancer cohort.