bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agricultura y agroindustria en Península de Osa: construcción histórica de un proyecto territorial
Authors: Amaya Rodríguez Geanina
Published: July 2023

En este artículo se analiza la configuración del proyecto territorial agrícola en la Península de Osa a partir de la experiencia de asociados y asociadas de la cooperativa de palma aceitera OSACOOP. Se usa una metodología cualitativa para reflexionar sobre la permanencia de las familias campesinas y reproducción de la vida en este territorio, retomando su papel en la escala local y sus características socioeconómicas. A partir de los conceptos de territorio y procesos de territorialización que se materializan en dinámicas productivas y las particularidades de este espacio geográfico, se retoman las narrativas de las personas entrevistadas para ilustrar los procesos de ocupación, asentamiento y permanencia de la agricultura campesina en una zona en la que la cooperativa es un actor clave.
Aportes de política pública para potenciar el Plan Nacional de Residuos Marinos en Costa Rica
Authors: Salas Pinel Fiorella , Suárez Espinoza Kerlyn , Hughes Araya Nitchel , Rosales Matamoros Dilany Fabiola
Published: July 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es establecer recomendaciones de política pública para potenciar el Plan Nacional de Residuos Marinos 2021-2030 en Costa Rica. La metodología utilizada se basa en la discusión y consultas a personas expertas, así como el análisis de información secundaria. Como resultado se identifican avances, omisiones y n desafíos en la gestión de los mencionados residuos y sus respectivas rutas de eventual gestión. La investigación permite concluir que se requiere crear condiciones necesarias para potenciar su implementación considerando aspectos de medición, articulación, modelos circulares e innovadores, direccionalidad y oportunidades para la gestión de residuos marinos.
Os sintagramas da neopedagogia da gramática na análise dos textos
Authors: Vanzing Alceu , Fontes Arlinda Maria Caetano
Published: July 2023

Este artigo propõe-se a mostrar e descrever os sintagramas utilizados na prática da Neopedagogia da Gramática. Trata-se de símbolos visuais que categorizam os elementos do texto a fim de tornar mais atraentes as atividades de leitura e escrita. Tais símbolos foram idealizados pelo Professor Francisco Dequi, criador do Centro de Estudos Sintagramaticais – CES ?, ao conceber a sua Neopedagogia da Gramática. Com eles, analisam-se textos de forma precisa e com muita brevidade, facilitando as tarefas de compreensão, interpretação e produção textuais.
A (in)subordinação da oração subjetiva: entre a originalidade e a cópia ideológica
Authors: Petrak Magali de Albuquerque Kruger , Guaresi Ronei
Published: July 2023

Dequi propõe a utilização de sintagramas para a identificação de determinante e determinado entre os elementos constitutivos de um enunciado. A partir dessa identificação é possível analisar a questão da subordinação. A análise sobre a determinância permite a defesa da tese da não subordinação da oração subjetiva, proposição que vai de encontro à gramática tradicional e aos manuais escolares. Na análise pelos sintagramas observa-se que recaem para o sujeito todas as informações contidas no enunciado. Esse raciocínio, desenvolvido por Dequi (2006 [1976]), permite a afirmação de que o sujeito, lógica e sintaticamente, é termo soberano e nunca será determinante. Ao considerar a subordinação, outro elemento usado geralmente equivocadamente é a conjunção dita subordinativa integrante: o QUE. Segundo Dequi esse QUE apenas marca a forma desenvolvida do determinado e do determinante. Quem subordina, segundo o autor, não é a conjunção, mas a função sintática da palavra ou da oração. Se o elemento subordinativo fosse a conjunção, não haveria orações reduzidas subordinadas, não haveria palavras subordinadas, nos mostra o autor. Por fim, em comparação cronológica e de conteúdo sobre o aspecto acima, confrontamos as proposições de Dequi com o artigo A oração invisível de Bernardes (2009). O resultado da análise sugere haver cópia ideológica das proposições do CES, haja vista os inúmeros aspectos semelhantes.
Linguística aplicada: contribuições para o ensino da língua materna
Authors: Da Gama Tatieli , Blanco Vanessa Just , Guaresi Ronei
Published: July 2023

Este artigo é uma revisão de literatura com objetivo de identificar as principais contribuições da Linguística Aplicada ao ensino da língua materna. Entre esses aspectos, cabe destacar: a) a importância da leitura em sala de aula; b) a abordagem da linguagem pelos gêneros textuais ou discursivos; c) a contribuição dos estudos sobre coesão e coerência na abordagem da tessitura do texto; d) a noção de alfabetização e letramento; e) a noção de variação linguística com suas implicações em sala de aula; f) a abordagem gramatical no contexto de sequências didáticas.
Gêneros textuais na EJA: um estudo com contos de assombração
Authors: Borba Valquíria Claudete Machado
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo é uma reflexão sobre os gêneros textuais em sala de aula a partir de um trabalho  com contos de assombração em duas turmas de terceira fase de EJA (Educação de Jovens e Adultos).  Analisando os dados, pensando na realidade que encontramos em sala de aula, tecemos algumas considerações sobre gêneros textuais, leitura e escrita na EJA.
O letramento literário: uma análise de livro didático
Authors: Dos Santos Sheila Ferreira
Published: July 2023

Esse trabalho seleciona para análise o livro didático “Português: volume único” (2000), de autoria de João Domingues Maia, com o propósito de discorrer sobre a abordagem da Literatura e o conceito de letramento literário. A referida obra traz em sua apresentação conceitos implícitos sobre o letramento e sobre a visão de que o livro didático seria apenas um suporte para as aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Na apresentação o autor mostra uma preocupação em fazer um objeto de ensino que motivasse os alunos a lerem textos literários. A Literatura, em muitos casos, tem seu estudo negligenciado nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa, sendo apresentado apenas o contexto histórico de um determinado estilo de época. A obra literária possui significados que perpassam áreas diversas do conhecimento, tais como: Filosofia, Sociologia, conhecimento sociohistórico. Logo, a leitura de um livro pode acarretar em discussões sobre assuntos vigentes da nossa sociedade capitalista. Os livros literários vêm sofrendo cada vez mais um abandono por parte dos discentes, que muitas vezes consideram o ato de ler chato. Um dos motivos desse abandono seria a falta de motivação por parte dos docentes, que não possuem uma metodologia que instigue o aluno a ler um livro indicado. A formação de leitores assíduos é um grande desafio enfrentado pelo professor de Língua Portuguesa, mas para que isso aconteça com sucesso é necessário que o olhar sobre a literatura seja (re)dimencionado. A obra literária possui uma gama interdisciplinar gigantesca que não é aproveitada em sala por falta de conhecimento da mesma. Partindo de algumas teorias sobre o ensino de Literatura iremos analisar o capítulo vinte e dois, que fala sobre o romantismo, do livro em questão com o objetivo de verificar se o mesmo favorece o letramento literário.
Apresentação
Authors: Guaresi Ronei , Vanzing Alceu
Published: July 2023

Apresentação  da 3ª Edição
v. 3 n. 1 (2015): 4ª Edição da Revista Lingu@ Nostr@
Authors: Guaresi Ronei , Vanzig Alceu
Published: July 2023

Apresentação da 4ª Edição
A leitura na perspectiva escolar: algumas considerações
Authors: Macedo Gizelle , Dias Karina , Martins Ângela Maria Gusmão Santos
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões de professores em formação, sucedidas nas aulas da disciplina Práticas de Leitura que faz parte do currículo do curso de Letras Vernáculas da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB). Após a definição do roteiro de leitura, foi possível realizar análises das ideias apresentadas pelos pesquisadores que constituíram o referencial teórico, são eles: Cagliari (1997), Martins (1994), Berti (sd), Silva (1989), Geraldi (1997), Martins & Vieira (2012), que versou sobre o ensino de leitura na perspectiva escolar. Por meio dos estudos realizados, chegou-se a conclusão de que cada vez mais, muitos professores têm valorizado práticas que priorizem apenas a leitura pela leitura, ou seja, uma leitura desprovida de sentido deixando para um segundo plano, o que deveria ser trabalhado: a compreensão dos textos. Essas práticas têm afastado um grande contingente de alunos da leitura o que vem preocupando muitos professores. No entanto, com o surgimento das novas tecnologias esses professores veem uma luz no fim do túnel, pois a grande maioria dos alunos tem a sua atenção voltada para os computadores, tablets, celulares games etc., recursos que podem favorecer o desenvolvimento de habilidades de leitura. Os professores que utilizam essas tecnologias fazem com que os alunos compreendam a importância que a leitura poderá ter em suas vidas. No referido artigo, também se apresentou algumas estratégias que visam favorecer o ensino de leitura enquanto construção do sentido, tendo como meta, fazer para que os alunos desenvolvam tal habilidade de leitura.
Como estrelas na terra: uma abordagem das dificuldades e desafios enfrentados por uma criança com dislexia na aquisição da leitura e da escrita
Authors: Matos Ronilson Souza
Published: July 2023

Apesar de trazer como questão central o dilema de um garoto com dislexia e sua inadequação nos modelos escolares vigentes, o emocionante filme Como Estrelas na Terra, do diretor Aamir Khan, levanta outras discussões que permeiam a relação do sujeito com a aprendizagem e, mais do que isso, do sujeito com a linguagem. A aquisição e desenvolvimento da leitura e da escrita de um aluno disléxico também é um assunto mobilizado pelo filme. Talvez isso se dê pelo fato de ser cada vez mais recorrente a presença de crianças com dislexia nas escolas, e ser ainda esse um assunto muito pouco discutido pelos profissionais envolvidos na tarefa de educar.
RISK Factors Identification of COVID-19 Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Study in Punjab-Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Muneeb , Tahir Muhammad H. , Ameeq Muhammad , Jamal Farrukh , T John Mendy , Chesneau Christophe
Published: July 2023

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
affects a large part of the population around the world between the ages
forty-one to seventy-one years. However, by combining the effects of the
COVID-19 pandemic and the SARS-Cov-2 virus on COPD patients, we may be
able to overcome factors that have a significant impact on our success.
Moreover, we have to investigate the relationship between the diagnosis
and its influencing factors to possibly overcome the emerging causes of
this disease. Methods: A retrospective study of 280 patients
was conducted at DHQ Hospital Muzaffargarh in Punjab, Pakistan. Negative
binomial regression describes the risk of fixed successive variables.
Cox proportional hazard model, and the model co-efficient is observed
using log-likelihood. Kaplan-Meier curves showed how long COPD patients
survived or died. Results: The increased risk of death in COPD
patients was due to the effects of variables such as cough, lower
respiratory tract infection, tuberculosis, and body aches being 1.369,
0.693, 0.170, and 0.217 times higher, while it decreased by 0.396 in
normal conditions. Conclusion: We found that the symptoms of
COPD (cough, lower respiratory tract infection, tuberculosis, and body
aches) are statistically significant in patients who were most infected
by COVID-19 and SARS-Cov-2.
Transcriptomic responses in the nervous system and correlated behavioural changes of a cephalopod exposed to ocean acidification
Authors: Thomas Jodi , Huerlimann Roger , Schunter Celia , Watson Sue-Ann , Munday Philip , Ravasi Timothy
Published: July 2023

The nervous system is central to coordinating behavioural responses to
environmental change, likely including ocean acidification (OA).
However, a clear understanding of neurobiological responses to OA is
lacking, especially for marine invertebrates. We evaluated the
transcriptomic response of the central nervous system (CNS) and eyes of
the two-toned pygmy squid (Idiosepius pygmaeus) to OA conditions,
using a de novo transcriptome assembly created with long read
PacBio ISO-sequencing data. We then correlated patterns of gene
expression with CO treatment levels and OA-affected
behaviours in the same individuals. OA induced transcriptomic responses
within the nervous system related to various different types of
neurotransmission, neuroplasticity, immune function and oxidative
stress. These molecular changes may contribute to OA-induced behavioural
changes, as suggested by correlations between gene expression profiles,
CO treatment and OA-affected behaviours. This study
provides the first molecular insights into the neurobiological effects
of OA on a cephalopod and correlates molecular changes with whole animal
behavioural responses, helping to bridge the gap in our knowledge
between environmental change and animal responses.
A Comparative Review on Human Casualty Patterns Due to Asian Elephants Elephas maximus
Authors: Saha Souhardya , Chakrabarti Archisman
Published: July 2023

Human casualties caused due to human-elephant conflicts are a major
problem in modern world where conservation is often pitted against
development. This review paper is an attempt to study cases where human
casualties have occurred due to human-elephant conflicts involving Asian
elephants (Elephas maximus) by using peer-reviewed articles and verified
news reports from various national and international dailies. The main
aim of this study is to understand monthly, seasonal, spatial and
temporal patterns of human casualties and our study reveals that most
human casualties due to Asian elephants occur during the dry season
(winter) mostly in December and January with very few exceptions and
occur in higher frequency in farmlands located near fringe areas or
boundaries of protected zones. Temporal patterns indicate that most of
these casualties have occurred in the night time. The patterns are
supported with relevant statistical data and analysis for better
understanding of the problem. Mitigating this problem is a challenge
which is discussed in this article with potential solutions suggested as
per proven and tested methods and is also based on our understanding of
these patterns.
Changes in soil quality during different ecological restoration years in the abandoned coal mine area of southern China
Authors: Chen Wenbo , Li Hao , Zhang Cheng , Liang Haifen
Published: July 2023

Understanding the effects of abandoned coal mine ecological restoration
on soil quality and function is important to protect the regional
ecological environment. This study aims to evaluate the ecological
restoration effects of soil quality in abandoned coal mine area. Taking
Fengcheng county, a typical coal- rich area in southern China as a case,
this study took 120 soil samples to investigate the influence of
restoration years on soil quality by using an integrated soil quality
index (SQI). Results indicated that restoration years had significant
effects on the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) by affecting the
soil bulk density (SBD), clay content and soil water content (SWC).
Furthermore, clay, soil organic matter (SOM), Ks and pH were selected to
assess the effect of ecological restoration years on soil quality. It
was found that the ecological restoration 8 years (ER8) site had higher
SQI value, indicating ecological restoration years showed a positive
correlation with SQI in abandoned coal mine area. The SQI value was
higher for the surface soil layer than the sub-surface soil layer of the
restoration area. The results of this study is of great significance for
improving the effects of ecological restoration and management in
abandoned coal mine area.
Social participation and cardiovascular stress-response adaptation: Evidence for enhanced stress tolerance
Authors: Keogh Tracey , Howard Siobhán
Published: July 2023

Diminished cardiovascular reactivity is a proposed marker of
motivational dysregulation and is related to a range of adverse
behavioural and health outcomes. Social participation represents the
frequency an individual engages in social activities, is a form of
motivated behaviour, and has been recently linked to lower
cardiovascular responses to acute psychological stress. With recent work
emphasizing the importance of assessing adaptation of the cardiovascular
response to recurrent stress, the aim of the current study is to build
on previous work by examining the relationship between social
participation and cardiovascular stress response adaptation. Analyses
were conducted using a general linear model and previously obtained data
from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3 (PCS 3). Two hundred and thirteen
participants (M = 30.13; SD = 10.85) completed a social participation
measure and had their systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP)
and heart rate (HR) monitored across two separate standardized stress
testing sessions. In line with previous research, lower social
participation was related to lower cardiovascular responses to stress.
Findings also indicate that higher levels of social participation were
associated with greater blood pressure habituation to recurrent stress.
Given that cardiovascular habituation to recurrent stress signifies good
health, the implications of these findings are discussed. Key words:
social participation, cardiovascular reactivity, cardiovascular
habituation, blood pressure, Pittsburgh Cold Study.
Religião e humor na Nova Era
Authors: Stern Fábio L. , Martins Leonardo Breno
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo objetivou analisar a produção humorística da página de Facebook “Humor New Age”. Foram analisadas todas as publicações de 1º de junho de 2020 a 27 de março de 2022, totalizando 401 memes únicos. Os memes foram classificados em nove categorias de temas de piadas: (1) orientalismos, (2) moral e política, (3) natureza e corpo, (4) cultura pop, (5) sacralização da psicologia e psicologização da religião, (6) esoterismo europeu cristão, (7) mitologias de ciência, (8) magia, bruxaria e paganismo, e (9) teorias de conspiração. Baseado nas considerações sobre ethos de Bateson, o estudo demonstrou que estudar o humor de um grupo religioso também permite captar elementos centrais de seu ethos.
Sentidos do dharma hindu no Rāmāyaṇa de Vālmīki
Authors: De Carvalho Matheus Landau
Published: July 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar um breve inventário dos principais sentidos que o dharma hindu assume no épico Rāmāyaṇa de Vālmīki. Um levantamento dos sentidos da palavra dharma no texto (saṃhitā) do épico é seguido pela explicação e elucidação não apenas do vocábulo em si, mas dos termos compostos pelo mesmo segundo os contextos em que aparecem, com trechos que ilustrem cada um destes mesmos sentidos. Percebe-se nitidamente uma elasticidade semântica significativa nos usos que o Rāmāyaṇa de Vālmīki faz do dharma hindu, contemplando desde aspirações existenciais védicas até diferentes modalidades de práxis cotidiana da ortodoxia hindu, além de processos de personificação e referências abstratas a princípios cosmológicos.
Temenos
Authors: Silva Rachel Dourado
Published: July 2023

A vida e a morte dialogam com aspectos culturais, sociais e ambientais. Nesse sentido, a relação entre pessoas e o(s) recinto(s) sagrado(s) dar-se-á por infinitas razões. O local de estudo é o santuário de Raimunda, localizado na Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes, no Acre, tríplice fronteira entre Brasil, Bolívia e Peru, local com grande poder de atração, especialmente de devotos advindos do Peru, do departamento de Madre de Dios. O dito santuário, da alma do Bom Sucesso, permite compreender, por meio da fé expressa por seus devotos, a relação entre vida e morte, símbolos e experiências pessoais, dando vida às vivências culturais, sociais e ambientais, e à organização coletiva. A pesquisa é construída pela fenomenologia, com observações de campo realizadas entre os períodos de 2010 a 2015 e agosto de 2022, assim como com observação das ameaças da perda de direitos dos povos das florestas, bem como da manutenção das próprias florestas. A pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar de forma indireta como se dá a relação das comunidades com os recintos sagrados.
De Demócrito e Isaac a Jesus Cristo
Authors: Lamelas Isidro Pereira
Published: July 2023

Retomamos, a partir das fontes patrísticas, a quaestio disputata do riso (e não riso) de Jesus, para averiguar o papel do riso na representação do Deus dos cristãos. Por reação à antiga theologia mythica, à mitologia (o “riso inextinguível” dos deuses), os autores patrísticos redefiniram substancialmente o estatuto do riso e do humor na vida e espiritualidade cristãs. Fizeram-no a partir do exemplum Jesus e dos silêncios dos Evangelhos, mas também reutilizando o riso como fronteira de ortodoxia/heterodoxia na definição da própria cristologia. Sabendo nós que o Cristo dos gnósticos, tal como as divindades pagãs, ri muito mais do que o Jesus Cristo dos Evangelhos e da doutrina eclesiástica, interessa-nos averiguar como o riso (humano ou divino?) foi usado na elaboração das diversas cristologias: numa constante tensão entre as tendências docetas que afirmam o riso de Jesus para negar a sua humanidade e alteridade do homem Jesus face ao Cristo divino (gnosticismo); e a leitura “católica” que nega ao Jesus histórico o riso “próprio do homem”, sob o risco de diminuir a real humanidade de Cristo sublinhada, porém nas “lágrimas” e no drama da Passio.
inferno carnavalizado da “Visão de Túndalo”
Authors: Wotckoski Ricardo Boone , Leite Francisco Benedito
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo apresenta uma introdução ao texto medieval A “Visão de Túndalo”, uma descrição do contexto de seu surgimento e de seu gênero discursivo e uma reflexão teórica sobre o seu conteúdo a partir do conceito bakhtiniano de carnavalização e de outros de abordagem histórica que fazem parte da reflexão de estudiosos que descrevem a cultura popular medieval e os fenômenos correlacionados a esse texto. Delimita-se exclusivamente a parte da “Visão de Túndalo” que narra a passagem do visionário pelo inferno. Destaca-se, neste estudo, o aspecto sincrônico e a discussão proposta aplica-se sobre a profundidade do imaginário, sobre o fenômeno cultural que se manifesta na narrativa. Do ponto de vista cultural cassireriano, no qual Bakhtin se fundamenta, textos desse gênero, muito comuns na Idade Média, representam um recurso simbólico para superação do medo da morte, que, intrinsecamente, faz parte da cosmovisão do ser humano dotado de cultura.
evangelhos carnavalescos de Eagleton
Authors: Leite Francisco Benedito
Published: July 2023

O presente ensaio propõe-se a descrever a hermenêutica que Terry Eagleton desenvolveu para ler os textos dos evangelhos canônicos. Para realizar esse propósito, repassamos o conteúdo de dois textos escritos pelo autor britânico, “Os Evangelhos” e “Humor”. Ao visitar esses dois escritos, abordamos as duas principais teorias adotadas por ele para interpretar os livros canônicos, a saber, o marxismo e o carnaval bakhtiniano. O resultado para o qual se aponta é um renovado procedimento de leitura da Bíblia.
Novas representações de Nossa Senhora Aparecida
Authors: Carmelino Ana Cristina
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar diferentes ethé de Nossa Senhora Aparecida representados em charges. O que justifica a análise é o fato de as imagens construídas para Nossa Senhora pelos desenhistas serem singulares e distintas das comumente feitas pelos fiéis. As produções foram veiculadas no dia dedicado à padroeira do Brasil, 12 de outubro de 2022. Nessa data, políticos que disputavam as eleições naquele mês estiveram presentes ao Santuário. A atitude dos candidatos foi vista como ato de campanha. Isso foi sugerido pela imprensa e exposto, de forma mais explícita, em charges sobre o tema. Duas delas são consideradas neste texto por sintetizarem dois ethé frequentes nos desenhos analisados: o de vítima e o de justiceira. O artigo se fundamenta na articulação de noções teóricas de três campos, a saber, quadrinhos, discurso e humor.
Biosynthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Properties of CuO Nanoparticles of Psychrotrophic Bacteria
Authors: Aseem Bashir Ahmad , Ahsas Mohammad Arif , Danishyar Abdul Sattar
Published: July 2023

Copper oxide nanoparticles have many applications in industry and medicine. Nevertheless, few studies have been conducted in relation to the biological production of these nanoparticles. In the present study, the ability of isolated Psychrotrophic (cold-resistant) prokaryotes from the Zagros highlands located in Lorestan province of Iran and some isolated Streptomyces strains from the Oman Sea has been evaluated in the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles. The maximum lethal concentration of copper salts was determined for the strains and the strains with the highest level of resistance were selected. The biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles was done extracellularly by inoculating Psychrotrophic and Streptomyces strains in liquid TSB culture medium containing 0.01 M copper sulfate salt and keeping the culture medium in a shaker incubator at 20 °C at 150 rpm. The production of copper oxide nanoparticles was evaluated by changing the color of the reaction solution from light blue to dark green. From the 44 cold-resistant strains and the investigated Streptomyces strains, all strains were able to tolerate concentrations higher than 5 mM. Of these, the strain OSNP13 belonging to the genus Microbacterium liquefaciens (X77444) has been able to synthesize the highest amount of copper oxide nanoparticles. The optical absorption of the solution containing synthesized nanoparticles was determined in the range of 250-350 nm by UV-vis spectrophotometer, which had a specific peak at 288 nm. And the copper oxide nanoparticles have an average size of 63.21 nm based on DLS analysis. The crystallographic characteristics of copper oxide nanoparticles were also determined by using XRD analysis, which showed that the prepared nanoparticles had a hexagonal crystal structure with a size of 31.29 nanometers. Then, the antibacterial activity of produced nanoparticles was evaluated. The MIC values ​​of copper oxide nanoparticles for E. coli and S. aureus bacteria were calculated as 125 and 250 micrograms per milliliter, respectively. The produced copper oxide nanoparticles have shown a good antimicrobial properties and can be suitable candidates for use as antimicrobial agents.
Progress in Object Detection: An In-Depth Analysis of Methods and Use Cases
Authors: Tasnim Suaibia , Qi Wang
Published: July 2023

Object detection, a fundamental task in computer vision, involves identifying and localizing objects within images or videos. This paper provides a comprehensive review of traditional and deep learning-based object detection techniques and their applications, challenges, and future directions. We first discuss traditional object detection methods, which rely on handcrafted features and classical machine learning algorithms. We then explore the advancements brought by deep learning, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformer-based architectures, which have significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of object detection tasks. A thorough comparison and evaluation of different object detection techniques are presented, considering performance metrics, speed, and robustness to object size, orientation, and occlusion variations. We also examine the diverse applications of object detection across various domains, such as robotics, autonomous vehicles, surveillance, medical imaging, and augmented reality. We outline open challenges and future research directions, emphasizing the need to combine object detection with other tasks, develop few-shot and zero-shot learning approaches, and address issues related to fairness, accountability, and transparency. This paper aims to comprehensively review the most prominent object detection techniques, their evolution, and their applications in diverse domains. We discussed traditional methods and recent deep learning-based approaches, emphasizing their strengths and limitations.
Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Nigerian Teaching Personnel: Cases of a Secondary School and a Tertiary Institution in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Bolarinwa Mojisola A. , Kumapayi Adeola O.
Published: July 2023

Educators often spend a lot of time carrying out repetitive motions of the upper limbs and prolonged standing on a daily basis, exposing them to hours of ergonomic risks. This is due to awkward postures, caused by significant deviation of some major body members from the normal neutral positions.  Poor ergonomics can lead to various Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), which are of serious concern for workplace safety, especially in jobs that require repetitive motions. It thus became necessary to assess the stress level associated with teaching postures and the prevalent musculoskeletal discomfort in different parts of the body. In this study, ergonomic assessment of teaching personnel at an International Secondary School and University of Ibadan, Nigeria was conducted to determine the prevalent musculoskeletal discomfort in different parts of the body. The study utilised two ergonomic assessment tools- Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) to gather qualitative and quantitative data about posture and motions during teaching activities. It was discovered that both university lecturers and secondary school teachers in Nigeria face significant ergonomic risks, primarily in the neck, shoulders, and lower back. Further comparison revealed that educators in the secondary school experienced higher severity of musculoskeletal discomfort and exposure to MSD risks, compared to those in the tertiary institution. The educators of the International School had an average REBA score of 4.57, while those at the University of Ibadan had a score of 3.73. These scores indicated a medium level of MSD risk for both groups, but the educators of the International School were at a higher risk. On comparing the CMDQ outcome, it was discovered that there were major differences in the regions where discomforts were reported. While secondary school revealed higher average scores in the neck, right shoulder, and left shoulder regions, and with the neck region having a mean score of 7.003; right shoulder having a mean score of 4.550; and left shoulder having a mean score of 1.600; outcome from University of Ibadan revealed higher mean scores in the lower back and left wrist regions, with the lower back region having a mean score of 7.450 and left wrist region having a mean score of 1.030. These scores indicated a mild to moderate level of discomfort for both groups, with each facing major discomfort in unique body regions. This research highlights the significance of ergonomic evaluation and the combination of quantitative and qualitative data to identify potential interventions.
Prestasi Tim Futsal Kota Makassar Pada Pekan Olahraga Provinsi Ditinjau Dari Kondisi Fisik
Authors: Sulaeman Sulaeman , Jayadilaga Yadi
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the success of Futsal Athletes from Makassar City who won a gold medal at the 17th provincial performance in Bulukumba Sinjai Regency in terms of the physical condition of the players. The study is descriptive research. The sample in this study were 19 Makassar City Futsal Athletes. Data collection techniques in this study included several physical condition tests for futsal, namely the Multi Stage Fitness Test, Vertical Jump Test, 20 meter Run Test, Shuttle Run Test and Leg Dynamometer Test. The results showed that the average endurance of the Athletes was in the less category, while good category was found in the explosive power component. On the other hand, perfect category was experienced in the speed and agility component. Furthermore, the strength component showed a sufficient category. To sum up the 5 physical components needed, 3 physical components are above average and 2 physical components are below average.
Pengaruh Metode Latihan Dan Power Tungkai Terhadap Tendangan Ke Gawang Jarak 16 Meter Sepak Bola
Authors: Armanjaya Satria , Nuruhudin Ahmad , Ramadhan Ziko Fajar , Trinanda Aditya
Published: July 2023

Research Objectives: To analyze the effect of fixed target training methods and changing target training on the accuracy of kicks on soccer goals. Analyzing the influence of high power and low power on the accuracy of kicks on soccer goals. Analyzing the interaction between training methods and power on the accuracy of kicks on soccer goals on SSB Pringsewu Football School players. Research Methods Experiment with 2 x 2 factorial design. The factorial design involves two factors as independent variables, namely exercise method and leg power. The population of this study were 24 SSB Pringsewu Football School players aged 13 years. The results of the study showed that the results of the training method (fixed targets and changing targets) were 0.035 (<0.05). So there is an influence between fixed target training methods and changing target training on the accuracy of kicks at goal. The sig value for leg power (high and low) was 0.017 (<0.05). So there is an influence between high power and low power on the accuracy of kicks on soccer goals for SSB Pringsewu Football School players. The sig value for Training Method * Power is 0.000 (<0.05). In conclusion, the target training method has changed, resulting in significantly better shot accuracy on goal. High leg power is significantly better than low power. There is an interaction between training methods and power on the accuracy of kicks on goal by SSB Pringsewu Football School players.
Pengembangan Instrumen Keputusan Pembeli Terhadap Produk Olahraga
Authors: Pranoto Nuridin Widya , Alfarobi Raihan , Gemaini Andri
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes keputusan pembeli terhadap produk olahraga. Dalam penelitian ini,kami menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Prosedur penelitian adalah: (1) tahap pertama adalah studi literatur,pengumpulan data, dan analisis kebutuhan,(2) tahap kedua adalah perencanaan pengembangan instrumen, dan (3) tahap ketiga adalah uji coba, evaluasi, dan revisi, dan (4) tahap keempat adalah implementasi instrumen. Sebanyak 253 orang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini Analisis validitas dan reabilitas yang akan dipergunakan adalah korelasi product-moment untuk uji validitas dan cronbach alpha untuk uji reliabilitas. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1) terciptanya instrumen tingkat pengetahuan pembeli . 2) Berdasarkan uji validitas ini, dari 50 butir soal hanya 48 butir soal yang dinyatakan valid,instrumen penelitian keputusan pembeli yang diujikan diperoleh 48 item dengan r-hitung > 0,304 dan dinyatakan valid untuk digunakan dalam pengambilan data penelitian. 3) Hasil yang diperoleh adalah r -hitung = 0,951 dan r tabel 0,304, sehingga nilai r hitung > r tabel, maka instrumen ini dinyatakan reliabel dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Kesimpulan. Pengembangan instrumen keputusan pembeli menghasilkan instrumen yang valid dapat mengukur dan mengevaluasi tingkat pengetahuan pembeli terhadap produk olahraga.
The Effect Of High-Intensity Exercise Training On Serum Calcium Of Female Combat Athletes
Authors: Hoseini Ravesh Seyed Mohammad , Moghadam Masha Nakhaei
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Cell homeostasis is an essential factor in maintaining cellular health and intracellular mechanisms, which can also be associated with inflammatory factors and increased stress for muscle cell health. Calcium is also a necessary factor in cell health and is to establish homeostasis in the body. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity training on serum calcium levels in combat women. Method: For this purpose, 18 women karateka in the age range of 17 to 23 years were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (n=7) and exercise ((n=11). The exercise group performed proper exercises to improve karate and aerobic techniques for 6 weeks in the intensities of more than 80% of the maximum heart rate reserve.   Physiological   indices   and   blood   samples were measured 24 hours before and 48 hours after the training protocol. To measure calcium cell biomarker, the Pars Azmoon calcium kit was used. Research data were analysed by covariance test at the significant level (P≤0.05) using SPSS software version 25. Results: After six weeks of high-intensity training, there was a significant difference in serum calcium levels in the exercise group compared to the control group (P = 0.002). Also, the results within the group showed a significant increase in serum calcium (P = 0.016) in the exercise group compared to baseline conditions. Conclusions: High intensity training seems to increase serum calcium in female athletes, and this can lead to precursors to cellular disorders, muscle damage and increase inflammatory factors and ultimately decrease the performance of female athletes. However, more research is essential in this regard.
Kontribusi Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai, Otot Lengan Dan Koordinasi Gerak Terhadap Keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku Pencak Silat
Authors: Nelson Sonya - , Haris Fahmil
Published: July 2023

Berdasarkan pengamatan penulis di lapangan menunjukkkan bahwa masih kurangnya kemampuan keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku mahsiswa Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk menjelaskan kontribusi daya ledak otot tungkai, daya ledak otot lengan dan koordinasi gerak terhadap Keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik regresi dan korelasi baik tunggal maupun ganda. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 107 orang mahasiswa dengan sampel 34 orang yang di ambil secara purposive sampling yaitu mahasiswa laki-laki. Pengukuran data daya ledak otot tungkai menggunakan Vertical jump test untuk mendapatkan Jump Reach Score, kemudian menimbang berat badan sampel selanjutnya di olah dengan rumus nomogram lewis, untuk data daya ledak otot lengan menggunakan medicine ball test, dan koordinasi gerak dengan squat thrust test. Untuk pengumpulan data Keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku dibantu oleh tiga orang juri dengan menggunakan kisi-kisi instrumen Keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa (1) daya ledak otot tungkai memberikan kontribusi sebesar 17,97% terhadap keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku. (2) daya ledak otot lengan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 23,04% terhadap keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku. (3) koordinasi gerak memberikan konstribusi sebesar 14,98% terhadap keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku. (4) daya ledak otot tungkai, daya ledak otot lengan dan koordinasi gerak memberikan konstribusi sebesar 39,24% terhadap keterampilan Jurus Tunggal Baku.
Island Cities and Disaster Risk: A Study of San Juan’s Hurricane Early Warning System
Authors: Bui Lily
Published: July 2023

Early warning systems offer a common framework for national, state, and local actors to prepare for, respond to, and understand disaster risk. Existing scholarship mostly examines early warning systems at an aggregate level for small islands, without many case studies of how early warning systems work in specific island cities. In order to address the need to expand the evidence base of case studies on early warning systems on small islands, this paper offers a multi-sector case study of San Juan’s relationship and engagement with Puerto Rico’s hurricane early warning system. It maps out various facets of the hurricane early warning system in San Juan; classifies them as hierarchical or heterarchical; and evaluates the early warning system based on the strengths and weaknesses of either approach. Finally, the paper reflects on possible implications of these findings to other island cities on subnational island territories similar to Puerto Rico.
CLINICAL AND PATHOANATOMICAL PARALLELS OF THE HEART DAMAGE DUE TO COVID-19
Authors: Samchuk O.O. , Kapustynska O.S. , Sklyarov Ye.Ya.
Published: July 2023

The aim – to investigate the clinical and pathomorphological features of the heart damagein patients who died due to COVID-19 pneumonia.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 556 patients,hospitalized to Lviv Clinical Emergency Care Hospital in January- February 2021, witha diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and 90 reports of pathological examination ofthe causes of death of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was carried out. Clinicalparameters (demographic data, comorbidities, presence of COVID-19 pneumoniacomplications, complaints, medical history, results of physical examination andadditional laboratory and instrumental investigations, performed during hospitalization,including levels of NT-proBNP and troponin, determined by immunofluorescence method)and results of pathological examination were evaluated.The results. During life, most patients who died due to COVID-19 pneumonia werediagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the development of multipleorgan failure, rarely PE. They showed significantly lower capillary blood oxygensaturation indicators compared to similar indicators of recovered patients, as well asan increase in markers of systemic inflammation (level of leukocytes and interleukin-6),fibrin degradation products (D-dimers) and markers of multiorgan failure (creatinine,NT-proBNP, troponin I). The most frequent pathomorphological signs of heartdamage in patients with COVID-19 were interstitial edema with hyperemia (63.5 %) and fragmentation of cardiomyocytes (34.1 %). Every fourth patient had mononuclear cell infiltration, which was associated with increased level of NTproBNP, oxygen saturationdecrease in capillary blood, and increase in aspartate aminotransferase. Myocardialinfarction, pericarditis, and myocarditis occurred more rarely in patients with COVID-19.Conclusions. The variety of clinical scenarios of heart damage requires a high level ofsuspicion in the early stages of the disease and the use of appropriate investigations toidentify its cause.
PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISM AS A FACTOR IN PRETERM BIRTH (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Tokar P.Yu.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the work – to analyze data from the world literature regarding thedetermination of the probable role of the progesterone receptor gene polymorphism asa factor in the occurrence of premature birth.Conclusions. 1. Progesterone receptor gene polymorphism plays a significant role inthe mechanisms of development and course of miscarriage, negative pregnancy outcomeand low birth weight of newborns. 2. The probability of the threat of premature birthin different periods of gestation or termination of pregnancy with premature birth maydepend on the presence of one or another polymorphism. 3. Genetic variability thatcan lead to changes in the biological functions of the progesterone receptor, the geneticpolymorphism of the progesterone receptor is a major risk factor for complications ofpreterm birth.
DISTRIBUTION OF OFFENSIVE INFORMATION CONCERNING MEDICAL WORKERS ON INTERNET
Authors: Biduchak A.S.
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study – to analyze the spread of offensive information about medicalworkers on the Internet and to determine the fundamental rights of protection of a medicalworker in case of conflict situations.Conclusion. Thus, protecting yourself and your reputation in the era of rapidly developingvirtual worlds is quite possible, and there are already many positive examples in courtdecisions. However, there are several important factors to consider before going to courtand, if necessary, seek the help of a professional lawyer.
THE USE OF MODERN PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE «HUMAN ANATOMY»
Authors: Lopushniak L.Ya. , Proniaiev D.V. , Perebyinis P.P. , Sukhonosov R.O. , Shkliar A.S.
Published: July 2023

In the context of healthcare reform in Ukraine, the priority task of higher educationinstitutions is the quality of professional education of healthcare specialists. Among themost important principles of forming a unified educational environment is the achievementof a high level training of future doctors by introducing a unified technology for managingthe educational quality. In the process of European integration and globalization, as theUkrainian educational system enters the global information space, there is a need fora radical renewal of higher education system in our country, taking into account the positiveexperience of European and worldwide countries. It is time to optimize the public healthsector and train a new generation of doctors in accordance with international standards.The aim – to conduct a theoretical analysis of the scientific psychological, pedagogical,educational, methodological and medical publications, as well as the methodologicalwork of the department concerning the use of modern pedagogical technologies in theprocess of professional training of future doctors.Conclusions. The introduction of modern pedagogical technologies in the professionaltraining of future doctors ensures the formation of professional competence throughthe development of students’ skills in individual and research work, interpersonalcommunication, teamwork, analysis and synthesis, creativity, ability to co-operatewith specialists of other specialties, solve problems and make decisions. Duringthe study of the discipline «Human Anatomy», it is advisable to use simulation learning technologies and the case method, as they contribute to the development of skills andpractical abilities, the capacity for self-learning, a change in the thinking paradigm,ensure the memorization of the significant amount of information and the training ofspecialists who behave as effectively as possible in complex clinical situations. Simulationtraining technologies allow to reproduce repeatedly and accurately the important clinicalscenarios and provide an opportunity to adapt the learning situation for each student.