bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning based estimation of dynamic balance and gait adaptability in persons with neurological diseases using inertial sensors
Authors: Liuzzi Piergiuseppe , Carpinella Ilaria , Anastasi Denise , Gervasoni Elisa , Lencioni Tiziana , Bertoni Rita , Carrozza Maria Chiara , Cattaneo Davide , Ferrarin Maurizio , Mannini Andrea
Published: May 2023

Poor dynamic balance and impaired gait adaptation to different contexts are hallmarks of people with neurological disorders (PwND), leading to difficulties in daily life and increased fall risk. Frequent assessment of dynamic balance and gait adaptability is therefore essential for monitoring the evolution of these impairments and/or the long-term effects of rehabilitation. The modified dynamic gait index (mDGI) is a validated clinical test specifically devoted to evaluating gait facets in clinical settings under a physiotherapist’s supervision. The need of a clinical environment, consequently, limits the number of assessments. Wearable sensors are increasingly used to measure balance and locomotion in real-world contexts and may permit an increase in monitoring frequency. This study aims to provide a preliminary test of this opportunity by using nested cross-validated machine learning regressors to predict the mDGI scores of 95 PwND via inertial signals collected from short steady-state walking bouts derived from the 6-minute walk test. Four different models were compared, one for each pathology (multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke) and one for the pooled multipathological cohort. Model explanations were computed on the best-performing solution; the model trained on the multipathological cohort yielded a median (interquartile range) absolute test error of 3.58 (5.38) points. In total, 76% of the predictions were within the mDGI’s minimal detectable change of 5 points. These results confirm that steady-state walking measurements provide information about dynamic balance and gait adaptability and can help clinicians identify important features to improve upon during rehabilitation. Future developments will include training of the method using short steady-state walking bouts in real-world settings, analysing the feasibility of this solution to intensify performance monitoring, providing prompt detection of worsening/improvements, and complementing clinical assessments.
Impacts of inter-annual climate variability on reproductive phenology and postnatal development of morphological features of three sympatric bat species
Authors: Eghbali Hojjat , Sharifi Mozafar
Published: May 2023

Inter-annual variation in weather conditions has been shown to affect the reproductive phenological patterns of many organisms. Because of their relatively small body size and dependence on ectothermic prey, temperate-zone insectivorous bats are particularly sensitive to adverse spring environmental conditions that affect the duration of gestation and timing of parturition in these animals. This study aimed to compare phenological recruitment, birth seasonality and synchrony and morphological changes during postnatal growth in Rhinolophuseuryale, Rhinolophusferrumequinum and Myotisemarginatus in two consecutive years representing a typical dry (2015) and an extremely wet climatic event (2016) in a nursing colony in Kerend cave, western Iran. Females of these three bat species arrived from their wintering cave to the nursing colony in late April to mid-May each year. Synchrony of parturition as defined by amount clustering of births within a year assessed by circular statistics showed that for R. euryale and R. ferrumequinum the angular variance in dry year were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than in wet year, indicating a low level of synchrony in 2016. Similar comparison showed that births from M. emarginatus were highly synchrony, and there were no significant differences in timing of births among years (P > 0.05). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) for R. euryale indicated that for body mass and forearm length tests of parallelism (interaction term or growth rate) and tests for equal intercepts (y-intercepts or group term) were significant (P < 0.001). In R. ferrumequinum, the initial (y-intercepts) forearm length and body mass were not significantly (P > 0.05) different between the 2 years, but the tests for parallelism showed a significant decrease in growth rates of body mass and forearm length in the wet year (P < 0.05). Similar comparison in M. emarginatus indicated that for body mass, tests of parallelism were significantly different (P = 0.004), while tests for equal intercepts were not (P = 0.23). Our results suggest that climate changes may have unequal effects on different bat species due to differences in foraging habitat, niche partitioning, reproductive requirements and foraging strategies.
Observational study of the heterogeneous global meteotsunami generated after the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcano eruption
Authors: Villalonga Joan , Amores Àngel , Monserrat Sebastià , Marcos Marta , Gomis Damià , Jordà Gabriel
Published: May 2023

The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano eruption of January 15th 2022 generated a global atmospheric and oceanic response that was recorded by an unprecedented amount of sensors. The eruption caused an atmospheric perturbation that travelled as a Lamb wave surrounding the Earth at least 3 times, and was recorded by hundreds of barographs worldwide. The atmospheric wave showed complex patterns of amplitude and spectral energy content, although most of the energy was concentrated in the band (2–120 min). Simultaneously to each passage of the atmospheric wave and after, significant Sea Level Oscillations (SLOs) in the tsunami frequency band were recorded by tide gauges located all around the globe, in what it can be referred to as a global meteotsunami. The amplitude and dominant frequency of the recorded SLOs showed a high spatial heterogeneity. Our point is that the geometry of continental shelves and harbours acted as tuners for the surface waves generated by the atmospheric disturbance at open sea, amplifying the signal at the eigenmodes of each shelf and harbour.
VEGF overexpressed mesoangioblasts enhance urethral and vaginal recovery following simulated vaginal birth in rats
Authors: Mori da Cunha Marina G. M. C. , van der Veer Bernard K. , Giacomazzi Giorgia , Mackova Katerina , Cattani Laura , Koh Kian Peng , Vande Velde Greetje , Gijsbers Rik , Albersen Maarten , Sampaolesi Maurilio , Deprest Jan
Published: May 2023

Vaginal birth causes pelvic floor injury which may lead to urinary incontinence. Cell therapy has been proposed to assist in functional recovery. We aim to assess if intra-arterial injection of rat mesoangioblasts (MABs) and stable Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-expressing MABs, improve recovery of urethral and vaginal function following simulated vaginal delivery (SVD). Female rats (n = 86) were assigned to either injection of saline (control), allogeneic-MABs (MABsallo), autologous-MABs (MABsauto) or allogeneic-MABs transduced to stably expressed VEGF (MABsallo-VEGF). One hour after SVD, 0.5 × 106 MABs or saline were injected into the aorta. Primary outcome was urethral (7d and 14d) and vaginal (14d) function; others were bioluminescent imaging for cell tracking (1, 3 and 7d), morphometry (7, 14 and 60d) and mRNAseq (3 and 7d). All MABs injected rats had external urethral sphincter and vaginal function recovery within 14d, as compared to only half of saline controls. Functional recovery was paralleled by improved muscle regeneration and microvascularization. Recovery rate was not different between MABsallo and MABsauto. MABsallo-VEGF accelerated functional recovery and increased GAP-43 expression at 7d. At 3d we detected major transcriptional changes in the urethra of both MABsallo and MABsallo-VEGF-injected animals, with upregulation of Rho/GTPase activity, epigenetic factors and dendrite development. MABSallo also upregulated transcripts that encode proteins involved in myogenesis and downregulated pro-inflammatory processes. MABsallo-VEGF also upregulated transcripts that encode proteins involved in neuron development and downregulated genes involved in hypoxia and oxidative stress. At 7d, urethras of MABsallo-VEGF-injected rats showed downregulation of oxidative and inflammatory response compared to MABSallo. Intra-arterial injection of MABsallo-VEGF enhances neuromuscular regeneration induced by untransduced MABs and accelerates the functional urethral and vaginal recovery after SVD.
Seabird’s cry: repertoire and vocal expression of contextual valence in the little auk (Alle alle)
Authors: Osiecka Anna N. , Briefer Elodie F. , Kidawa Dorota , Wojczulanis-Jakubas Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

Many seabird species breed in colonies counting up to hundreds of thousands of individuals. Life in such crowded colonies might require special coding–decoding systems to reliably convey information through acoustic cues. This can include, for example, developing complex vocal repertoires and adjusting the properties of their vocal signals to communicate behavioural contexts, and thus regulate social interactions with their conspecifics. We studied vocalisations produced by the little auk (Alle alle)—a highly vocal, colonial seabird—over mating and incubation periods on the SW coast of Svalbard. Using passive acoustic recordings registered in a breeding colony, we extracted eight vocalisation types: single call, clucking, classic call, low trill, short call, short-trill, terror, and handling vocalisation. Calls were grouped by production context (based on the typically associated behaviour), to which a valence (positive vs negative) was later attributed, when possible, according to fitness threats, i.e. predator or human presence (negative) and promoters, i.e. interaction with a partner (positive). The effect of the putative valence on eight selected frequency and duration variables was then investigated. The putative contextual valence significantly affected the acoustic properties of the calls. Calls assigned positive valence had higher fundamental frequency and spectral centre of gravity as well as shorter sound duration than these assigned negative valence. These results indicate that the little auk’s vocal communication system may facilitate expression of complex behavioural contexts, and seems to include vocal plasticity within vocalisation types—however, more data are necessary to better understand this effect and possible interplays of other factors.
Proposing magnetoimpedance effect for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Jamilpanah Loghman , Chiolerio Alessandro , Crepaldi Marco , Adamatzky Andrew , Mohseni Majid
Published: May 2023

Oscillation of physical parameters in materials can result in a peak signal in the frequency spectrum of the voltage measured from the materials. This spectrum and its amplitude/frequency tunability, through the application of bias voltage or current, can be used to perform neuron-like cognitive tasks. Magnetic materials, after achieving broad distribution for data storage applications in classical Von Neumann computer architectures, are under intense investigation for their neuromorphic computing capabilities. A recent successful demonstration regards magnetisation oscillation in magnetic thin films by spin transfer or spin orbit torques accompanied by magnetoresistance (MR) effect that can give a voltage peak in the frequency spectrum of voltage with bias current dependence of both peak frequency and amplitude. Here we use classical magnetoimpedance (MI) effect in a magnetic wire to produce such a peak and manipulate its frequency and amplitude by means of the bias voltage. We applied a noise signal to a magnetic wire with high magnetic permeability and owing to the frequency dependence of the magnetic permeability we got frequency dependent impedance with a peak at the maximum permeability. Frequency dependence of the MI effect results in different changes in the voltage amplitude at each frequency when a bias voltage is applied and therefore a shift in the peak position and amplitude can be obtained. The presented method and material provide optimal features in structural simplicity, low-frequency operation (tens of MHz-order) and high robustness at different environmental conditions. Our universal approach can be applied to any system with frequency dependent bias responses.
Control chart for half normal and half exponential power distributed process
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Azam Muhammad , Khan Nasrullah , Aslam Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad
Published: May 2023

In this manuscript, we construct an attribute control chart (ACC) for the number of defective items using time-truncated life tests (TTLT) when the lifetime of a manufacturing item follows two lifetime data distributions: the half-normal distribution (HND) and the half-exponential power distribution (HEPD). To assess the potential of the proposed charts, necessary derivations are made to obtain the value of the average run length (ARL) when the production process is in-control and out-of-control. The performance of the presented charts is evaluated for different sample sizes, control coefficients, and truncated constants for shifted phases in terms of ARL. The behavior of ARLs is studied for the shifted process by introducing shifts in its parameters. The advantages of the proposed HEPD-based chart are discussed in the form of ARLs with HND and Exponential Distribution (ED) based ACCs under TTLT, showing the excellent assessment of the proposed chart. Additionally, the advantages of another proposed ACC using HND are compared with ED-based ACC, and the findings support the HND in the form of smaller ARLs. Finally, simulation testing and real-life implementation are also discussed for functional purposes.
Three genes expressed in relation to lipid metabolism considered as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Yang Ye , Wang Qin
Published: May 2023

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications and is present in approximately 50% of diabetic patients. A bioinformatic approach was used to analyze candidate genes involved in diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy and their potential mechanisms. GSE95849 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for differential analysis, together with the identified diabetic peripheral neuropathy-associated genes and the three major metabolism-associated genes in the CTD database to obtain overlapping Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Functional Enrichment Analysis were performed. Protein–Protein Interaction and hub gene networks were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. The expression levels of target genes were evaluated using GSE24290 samples, followed by Receiver operating characteristic, curve analysis. And Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on the target genes. Finally, mRNA-miRNA networks were constructed. A total of 442 co-expressed DEGs were obtained through differential analysis, of which 353 expressed up-regulated genes and 89 expressed down-regulated genes. The up-regulated DEGs were involved in 742 GOs and 10 KEGG enrichment results, mainly associated with lipid metabolism-related pathways, TGF-β receptor signaling pathway, lipid transport, and PPAR signaling pathway. A total of 4 target genes (CREBBP, EP300, ME1, CD36) were identified. Analysis of subject operating characteristic curves indicated that CREBBP (AUC = 1), EP300 (AUC = 0.917), ME1 (AUC = 0.944) and CD36 (AUC = 1) may be candidate serum biomarkers for DPN. Conclusion: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy pathogenesis and progression is caused by multiple pathways, which also provides clinicians with potential therapeutic tools.
Chitosan oligomers (COS) trigger a coordinated biochemical response of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) plants to palliate salinity-induced oxidative stress
Authors: Mukarram Mohammad , Khan M. Masroor A. , Kurjak Daniel , Corpas Francisco J.
Published: May 2023

Plant susceptibility to salt depends on several factors from its genetic makeup to modifiable physiological and biochemical status. We used lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) plants as a relevant medicinal and aromatic cash crop to assess the potential benefits of chitosan oligomers (COS) on plant growth and essential oil productivity during salinity stress (160 and 240 mM NaCl). Five foliar sprays of 120 mg L−1 of COS were applied weekly. Several aspects of photosynthesis, gas exchange, cellular defence, and essential oil productivity of lemongrass were traced. The obtained data indicated that 120 mg L−1 COS alleviated photosynthetic constraints and raised the enzymatic antioxidant defence including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities that minimised salt-induced oxidative damage. Further, stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A) were improved to support overall plant development. The same treatment increased geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH) activity and lemongrass essential oil production. COS-induced salt resilience suggests that COS could become a useful biotechnological tool in reclaiming saline soil for improved crop productivity, especially when such soil is unfit for leading food crops. Considering its additional economic value in the essential oil industry, we propose COS-treated lemongrass as an excellent alternative crop for saline lands.
CuFe2O4@SiO2@L-arginine@Cu(I) as a new magnetically retrievable heterogeneous nanocatalyst with high efficiency for 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles synthesis
Authors: Salehzadeh Fatemeh , Esmkhani Maryam , Zallaghi Mahsa , Javanshir Shahrzad , Dekamin Mohammad G.
Published: May 2023

A novel magnetic heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized through the immobilization of copper ions onto the l-arginine functionalized CuFe2O4@SiO2. The prepared catalyst was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX). The resulting catalyst was used in the ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles via a one-pot three-component reaction of alkynes, alkyl halides, and sodium azides under green conditions within a short time. The catalyst reusability was investigated after five cycles and no significant loss of activity was observed.
A human–AI collaboration workflow for archaeological sites detection
Authors: Casini Luca , Marchetti Nicolò , Montanucci Andrea , Orrù Valentina , Roccetti Marco
Published: May 2023

This paper illustrates the results obtained by using pre-trained semantic segmentation deep learning models for the detection of archaeological sites within the Mesopotamian floodplains environment. The models were fine-tuned using openly available satellite imagery and vector shapes coming from a large corpus of annotations (i.e., surveyed sites). A randomized test showed that the best model reaches a detection accuracy in the neighborhood of 80%. Integrating domain expertise was crucial to define how to build the dataset and how to evaluate the predictions, since defining if a proposed mask counts as a prediction is very subjective. Furthermore, even an inaccurate prediction can be useful when put into context and interpreted by a trained archaeologist. Coming from these considerations we close the paper with a vision for a Human–AI collaboration workflow. Starting with an annotated dataset that is refined by the human expert we obtain a model whose predictions can either be combined to create a heatmap, to be overlaid on satellite and/or aerial imagery, or alternatively can be vectorized to make further analysis in a GIS software easier and automatic. In turn, the archaeologists can analyze the predictions, organize their onsite surveys, and refine the dataset with new, corrected, annotations.
Impact of shipping emissions regulation on urban aerosol composition changes revealed by receptor and numerical modelling
Authors: Jang Eunhwa , Choi Seongwoo , Yoo Eunchul , Hyun Sangmin , An Joongeon
Published: May 2023

Various shipping emissions controls have recently been implemented at both local and national scales. However, it is difficult to track the effect of these on PM2.5 levels, owing to the non-linear relationship that exists between changes in precursor emissions and PM components. Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) identifies that a switch to cleaner fuels since January 2020 results in considerable reductions in shipping-source-related PM2.5, especially sulphate aerosols and metals (V and Ni), not only at a port site but also at an urban background site. CMAQ sensitivity analysis reveals that the reduction of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) further extends to inland areas downwind from ports. In addition, mitigation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in coastal urban areas can be anticipated either from the results of receptor modelling or from CMAQ simulations. The results in this study show the possibility of obtaining human health benefits in coastal cities through shipping emission controls.
Connection between the Tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean and Temperature Anomaly across West Antarctic
Authors: Zhang Ping , Duan Anmin
Published: May 2023

West Antarctic and the Antarctic Peninsula have experienced dramatic warming in austral spring since the 1970s. Using observations and the Community Atmosphere Model version 4 (CAM4), this study explores the physical mechanism by which the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean temperature anomaly mode (PIM) affects the dipolar surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies across the West Antarctic in austral spring. The positive phase of the PIM, characterized by positive sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the tropical central-eastern Pacific and western Indian Ocean and negative SSTAs in the Maritime Continent, can generate two branches of stationary Rossby wave trains propagating from the tropical central Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean to the West Antarctic, with an anticyclonic anomaly appearing over the Amundsen Sea. The northerlies advect warmer air to the Ross–Amundsen Seas, but southerlies advect colder air to the Antarctic Peninsula–Weddell Sea, resulting in the dipole of SAT anomalies over the West Antarctic. In this process, the role of tropical central-eastern Pacific SSTAs dominate, and it is amplified by the SSTAs around the Maritime Continent. The SSTAs in the western Indian Ocean combined with the SSTAs over the Maritime Continent further contribute to the western pole of the SAT. Only simulation that includes a prescribed PIM forcing can exactly reproduce the observations of the dipolar SAT response across the West Antarctic, indicating the need to treat the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans as a unified whole.
The important role of African emissions reductions in projected local rainfall changes
Authors: Shindell Drew , Parsons Luke , Faluvegi Greg , Hicks Kevin , Kuylenstierna Johan , Heaps Charles
Published: May 2023

Africa is highly vulnerable to climate change but emits a small portion of global greenhouse gases. Additionally, decarbonization might lead to a ‘climate penalty’ whereby reductions in cooling aerosols offset temperature benefits from CO2reductions for several decades. However, climate change impacts conditions other than temperatures, including precipitation. Using the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies climate model, we find that although African emissions cuts have weak impacts on projected African temperatures, they significantly impact rainfall. Whereas business-as-usual increasing emissions lead to substantial drying over tropical Northern Hemisphere Africa during local summer, that drying is essentially eliminated under a sustainable development pathway. The reduction in cooling aerosols is responsible for ~33–90% of the avoided drying in our model, with the remainder largely attributable to reduced absorbing aerosols. African policy choices may therefore greatly reduce regional African summer drying, giving parts of Africa substantial leverage over their own climate and air quality future.
An extratropical window of opportunity for subseasonal prediction of East Asian summer surface air temperature
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhu Tao , Vitart Frederic
Published: May 2023

Previous studies suggest that boreal summer intraseasonal variations along the subtropical westerly jet (SJ), featuring quasi-biweekly periodicity, frequently modulate downstream subseasonal variations over East Asia (EA). Based on subseasonal hindcasts from six dynamical models, this study discovered that the leading two–three-week prediction skills for surface air temperature (SAT) are significantly higher in summer with stronger intraseasonal oscillation along the SJ, which are best demonstrated over the eastern Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Basin, and North China. The reasons are that the enhanced quasi-biweekly wave and its energy dispersion along the SJ cause more regular quasi-biweekly periodic variations of downstream SAT, which potentially increase regional predictability. This study suggests that the strengthened intraseasonal periodic signals along the SJ would enhance the subseasonal predictability in downstream regions, which could provide a window of opportunity for achieving better subseasonal prediction for EA SAT.
Deep learning generates synthetic cancer histology for explainability and education
Authors: Dolezal James M. , Wolk Rachelle , Hieromnimon Hanna M. , Howard Frederick M. , Srisuwananukorn Andrew , Karpeyev Dmitry , Ramesh Siddhi , Kochanny Sara , Kwon Jung Woo , Agni Meghana , Simon Richard C. , Desai Chandni , Kherallah Raghad , Nguyen Tung D. , Schulte Jefree J. , Cole Kimberly , Khramtsova Galina , Garassino Marina Chiara , Husain Aliya N. , Li Huihua , Grossman Robert , Cipriani Nicole A. , Pearson Alexander T.
Published: May 2023

Artificial intelligence methods including deep neural networks (DNN) can provide rapid molecular classification of tumors from routine histology with accuracy that matches or exceeds human pathologists. Discerning how neural networks make their predictions remains a significant challenge, but explainability tools help provide insights into what models have learned when corresponding histologic features are poorly defined. Here, we present a method for improving explainability of DNN models using synthetic histology generated by a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). We show that cGANs generate high-quality synthetic histology images that can be leveraged for explaining DNN models trained to classify molecularly-subtyped tumors, exposing histologic features associated with molecular state. Fine-tuning synthetic histology through class and layer blending illustrates nuanced morphologic differences between tumor subtypes. Finally, we demonstrate the use of synthetic histology for augmenting pathologist-in-training education, showing that these intuitive visualizations can reinforce and improve understanding of histologic manifestations of tumor biology.
Stimulus-independent and stimulus-dependent neural networks underpin placebo analgesia responsiveness in humans
Authors: Crawford Lewis S. , Meylakh Noemi , Macey Paul M. , Macefield Vaughan G. , Keay Kevin A. , Henderson Luke A.
Published: May 2023

The neural circuits that regulate placebo analgesia responsivity are unknown, although engagement of brainstem pain modulatory regions is likely critical. Here we show in 47 participants that differences are present in neural circuit connectivity’s in placebo responders versus non-responders. We distinguish stimulus-independent and stimulus-dependent neural networks that display altered connections between the hypothalamus, anterior cingulate cortex and midbrain periaqueductal gray matter. This dual regulatory system underpins an individual’s ability to mount placebo analgesia.
Gas phase models of hydride transfer from divalent alkaline earth metals to CO2 and CH2O
Authors: Sant Gjermestad Christian , Ryding Mauritz Johan , Uggerud Einar
Published: May 2023

The hydride transfer from HMg+, HMgCl, and HMgCl2− to CO2 and CH2O is studied by reverse reactions.
Multifunctional DNA nanoprobe for tumor-targeted synergistic therapy by integrating chemodynamic therapy with gene silencing
Authors: Tang Qiaorong , Li Qianqian , Shi Lu , Liu Wei , Li Baoxin , Jin Yan
Published: May 2023

A multifunctional DNA tetrahedron nanoprobe was ingeniously designed to simultaneously achieve chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and gene silencing for synergistic antitumor.
Beyond DNA: new probes for PAINT super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Tholen Marrit M. E. , Tas Roderick P. , Wang Yuyang , Albertazzi Lorenzo
Published: May 2023

Point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography (PAINT) has emerged as a versatile tool for single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), with a broad range of probes.
An activity-based fluorescent sensor with a penta-coordinate N-donor binding site detects Cu ions in living systems
Authors: Gupta Kunika , Datta Ankona
Published: May 2023

A novel activity-based sensor afforded 63 times fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Cu2+ ions. The sensor functioned only in the presence of glutathione and ambient oxygen via a plausible CuII hydroperoxo species.
From the single-atom limit to the mixed-metal phase: finding the optimum condition for activating the basal plane of a FePSe3 monolayer towards HER
Authors: Megha  , Sen Prasenjit
Published: May 2023

Strategies to activate the basal plane of FePSe3 for HER.
Low-melting multicharge ionic liquids with [Ln(NO3)5]2−(Ln = Ho–Lu): structural, electrostatic, thermochemical, and fluorescence properties
Authors: Wang Shuang-Long , Yuan Wen-Li , Zhao Ying , Cheng Kun-Lun , Tao Guo-Hong , He Ling
Published: May 2023

The structural, electrostatic, thermochemical, and fluorescence properties of a series of nitrato lanthanide ionic liquids containing heavy-rare-earth Ho–Lu were studied.
LiBa12(BO3)7F4 (LBBF) crystals doped with Eu3+, Tb3+, Ce3+: structure and luminescence properties
Authors: Bekker Tatyana B. , Ryadun Alexey A. , Davydov Alexey V. , Rashchenko Sergey V.
Published: May 2023

The luminescent properties of single crystals and polycrystalline samples of LiBa12(BO3)7F4 (LBBF) doped and co-doped with Eu3+, Tb3+, and Ce3+ have been studied in order to disclose their potential for application in white light-emitting diodes.
Direct access to polycyclic imidazolium salts via decarboxylative condensation of α-enaminones with proline
Authors: Simha Yuval , Daniels Gil , Goldman Amalya , Kuniavsky Elihay , Tsvelikhovsky Dmitry
Published: May 2023

A new catalyst-, metal-, and Lewis acid-free strategy for direct access to fully substituted polycyclic imidazolium salts, based on the interaction of α-enaminones with proline in the presence of a variety of counter-ions, is reported.
Heteroatom-doped graphene oxide-based conductive ink: synthesis, characterization and investigation of the conductivity properties for flexible sensor technology
Authors: Uruc Selen , Dokur Ebrar , Kurteli Rabianur , Gorduk Ozge , Sahin Yucel
Published: May 2023

In this study, a conductive ink containing sulfur-doped graphene oxide, polyvinylidene fluoride, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was synthesized and was coated on a polyester/cotton blended fabric substrate by the “dip and dry” method.
Green and efficient synthesis of pure β-sulfonyl aliphatic sulfonyl fluorides through simple filtration in aqueous media
Authors: Feng Kang , Wang Jian-Bai , Zhang Wei-Dong , Qin Hua-Li
Published: May 2023

A green and efficient method for the synthesis of β-sulfonyl aliphatic sulfonyl fluorides was developed, which works in aqueous media under mild conditions without any ligand or additive. The product can be obtained by direct filtration.
Molybdenum-catalyzed carbonyl–carbonyl olefination reaction for heterocycle syntheses
Authors: Dong Yuan-Qing , Shi Xiao-Nan , Cao Li-Ya , Bai Jin , Zhuo Chun-Xiang
Published: May 2023

Here, we report a Mo-catalyzed carbonyl–carbonyl olefination reaction for the syntheses of several heterocycles, such as indoles, benzofurans, benzothiophene, 2-pyrone, coumarins and their derivatives.
Selective hydrogenation of lignocellulosic biomass over single-atom catalysts
Authors: Wang Xuewei , Zhang Bin , Chen Xi
Published: May 2023

Single-atom catalysis for lignocellulosic biomass refinery for fuels and chemicals provides a new insight and improved catalytic performances for the sustainable development of the society.
Solar-blind photodetectors prepared using semi-insulating Co:β-Ga2O3 single crystals that are stable over a wide temperature range
Authors: Dong Xuyang , Yu Shunjie , Mu Wenxiang , Zhao Xiaolong , Liu Yiyuan , Hou Tong , Zhang Jin , Chen Boyang , Li Zhengyuan , Jia Zhitai , Hou Xiaohu , Long Shibing , Tao Xutang
Published: May 2023

A novel semi-insulating Co:β-Ga2O3 single crystal was designed and grown; the Co:β-Ga2O3-based device is endowed with great operating stability at high temperatures and under extreme conditions.
X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity
Authors: Vink Jorick S. , Mehner A. , Crowther P. A. , Fullerton A. , Garcia M. , Martins F. , Morrell N. , Oskinova L. M. , St-Louis N. , ud-Doula A. , Sander A. A. C. , Sana H. , Bouret J.-C. , Kubátová B. , Marchant P. , Martins L. P. , Wofford A. , van Loon J. Th. , Grace Telford O. , Götberg Y. , Bowman D. M. , Erba C. , Kalari V. M. , Abdul-Masih M. , Alkousa T. , Backs F. , Barbosa C. L. , Berlanas S. R. , Bernini-Peron M. , Bestenlehner J. M. , Blomme R. , Bodensteiner J. , Brands S. A. , Evans C. J. , David-Uraz A. , Driessen F. A. , Dsilva K. , Geen S. , Gómez-González V. M. A. , Grassitelli L. , Hamann W.-R. , Hawcroft C. , Herrero A. , Higgins E. R. , John Hillier D. , Ignace R. , Istrate A. G. , Kaper L. , Kee N. D. , Kehrig C. , Keszthelyi Z. , Klencki J. , de Koter A. , Kuiper R. , Laplace E. , Larkin C. J. K. , Lefever R. R. , Leitherer C. , Lennon D. J. , Mahy L. , Maíz Apellániz J. , Maravelias G. , Marcolino W. , McLeod A. F. , de Mink S. E. , Najarro F. , Oey M. S. , Parsons T. N. , Pauli D. , Pedersen M. G. , Prinja R. K. , Ramachandran V. , Ramírez-Tannus M. C. , Sabhahit G. N. , Schootemeijer A. , Reyero Serantes S. , Shenar T. , Stringfellow G. S. , Sudnik N. , Tramper F. , Wang L.
Published: May 2023

Observations of individual massive stars, super-luminous supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and gravitational wave events involving spectacular black hole mergers indicate that the low-metallicity Universe is fundamentally different from our own Galaxy. Many transient phenomena will remain enigmatic until we achieve a firm understanding of the physics and evolution of massive stars at low metallicity (Z). The Hubble Space Telescope has devoted 500 orbits to observing ∼250 massive stars at low Z in the ultraviolet (UV) with the COS and STIS spectrographs under the ULLYSES programme. The complementary X-Shooting ULLYSES (XShootU) project provides an enhanced legacy value with high-quality optical and near-infrared spectra obtained with the wide-wavelength coverage X-shooter spectrograph at ESO’s Very Large Telescope. We present an overview of the XShootU project, showing that combining ULLYSES UV and XShootU optical spectra is critical for the uniform determination of stellar parameters such as effective temperature, surface gravity, luminosity, and abundances, as well as wind properties such as mass-loss rates as a function of Z. As uncertainties in stellar and wind parameters percolate into many adjacent areas of astrophysics, the data and modelling of the XShootU project is expected to be a game changer for our physical understanding of massive stars at low Z. To be able to confidently interpret James Webb Space Telescope spectra of the first stellar generations, the individual spectra of low-Z stars need to be understood, which is exactly where XShootU can deliver.
Medical femtosecond laser
Authors: König Karsten
Published: May 2023

Medical femtosecond laser devices are used in dermatology for non-linear high-resolution imaging to obtain non-invasive and label-free optical skin biopsies (multiphoton tomography) as well as in ophthalmology for refractive corneal surgery and cataract surgery. Applications of commercial certified multiphoton tomographs include early detection of skin cancer within minutes by two-photon autofluorescence imaging of coenzymes and melanin and second harmonic imaging of collagen as well as by testing the efficacy of pharmaceutical and cosmetical products. Goals are (i) to reduce the number of physically taken human skin biopsies in hospitals and research institutions, (ii) to optimize personalized medicine, and (iii) to reduce animal studies in pharmacy. Current diagnostic tools in dermatology include surface microscopy with a dermatoscope and ultrasound but have poor resolution. Optical coherence tomography and confocal reflectance microscopy have better resolution but provide limited information based on changes of the intratissue refractive index. Multiphoton tomography provides the best resolution of all clinical imaging methods and offer functional imaging such as optical metabolic imaging based on autofluorescence lifetime imaging. Goals of femtosecond laser eye treatment are (i) the replacement of mechanical microkeratomes for corneal flap generation, (ii) the replacement of the UV nanosecond excimer laser for stroma removal, and (iii) to replace, in part, the scalpel in the surgery of cataracts and other eye diseases. So far, millions of eye treatments have been conducted around the world. The major disadvantage of current certified medical femtosecond laser devices is the high price compared with the standard mechanical and optical medical devices.
Analysis and optimization of mass percentage of zycoprint polymer and abrasives in achieving stability of suspension mixture in abrasive water jet machining
Authors: Maurya Preeti , G.S. Vijay , Kamath C. Raghavendra
Published: May 2023

The suspension parameters are vital in the suspension-type abrasive water jet (AWJ) machining of several engineering materials, more so in difficult-to-cut materials, because it significantly influences the suspension stability and sedimentation behaviour of the suspension mixture and abrasive particle acceleration into the AWJs. The suspension stability and abrasive particle acceleration of the suspension-type AWJs are improved by using polymer additives. Hence, it is necessary to study the effect of suspension parameters (abrasive and polymer concentrations) on suspension stability. In this direction, the novel work reported in the paper analyses the stability of suspension by varying the mass percentage of abrasives (garnet and aluminum oxide (Al2O3)) (ωa) and mass percentage of the zycoprint polymer (ωp) in water by considering the Taguchi L9 Orthogonal array (OA). The linear regression (LR) models for the percentage of suspension volume with garnet (VsG) and the percentage of suspension volume with Al2O3 (VsA), are developed. The JAYA algorithm is used to find the optimal combination of the suspension parameters, and its results are in close agreement with the findings from the LR results. The optimum setting of the suspension parameters for both, VsG and VsA, is 3% of ωa and 0.80% of ωp.
Government Environmental Audit Can Improve Company Performance
Authors: Liu Siyuan
Published: May 2023

Environmental regulation could affect many aspects of production and operation of companies. Company performance is an important index to measure its operation. We use a quasi-natural experiment to explore how government environmental auditing influence company performance in China from 2003 to 2017. The results illustrate that environmental auditing could improve company performance. This effect is more significant in state-owned company and private company than in foreign and other company. It also influence more significantly on companies with low technical level than high technical level. The difference of internal control level of a company does not have significant influence on the impact of environmental auditing on company performance. We further examine the moderate impact of innovation. The result shows that under the supervision of government auditing, the performance of companies with high innovation ability would be better.
Research on applications of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in construction project management information systems
Authors: Yue Wu
Published: May 2023

With the development of modern society, the building trade has passed the golden period of rapid growth. In the past few decades, the professional level of the building trade has been continuously improving, and the efficiency of engineering construction has been developed to a certain extent. However, it cannot be ignored that in the context of positive developments, adverse effects also have occurred. This requires a corresponding reform in the information management of construction projects to obtain stable and maximum returns. In order to ensure the final effect and final quality of construction projects, the role of BIM technology in construction project information management is very important. This article will briefly study and analyse the application of BIM in construction projects.
Analysis report on the spatial planning of streets and lanes of Shu Han Street Community
Authors: Yue Wu
Published: May 2023

Shu Han Street Community of Jiangxi Street is located in the centre of Wuhou District, Chengdu Province and there are many Tibetan resident agencies in this community. It is also close to Southwest Minzu University, People’s Government of Wuhou District, Customs Office, and Temple of Marquis Wu. Shu Han Street Community is richly populated by multiple ethnic groups and other social groups. As a community with a dense flow of people and complex population composition, the spatial planning structure of streets and lanes in residents’ lives should be analyzed in great detail. Through measured survey and questionnaire survey, we have collected objective information such as street structure and planning and subjective information such as residents’ wishes and expectations. After integrating the information obtained, we used professional knowledge of architecture, ekistics and other subjects to propose an optimization plan for three parts—streets, corners, and micro-landscapes.
Green Supply Chain Decisions with Corporate Social Responsibility in Mind under Government Subsidies
Authors: Xiao Hao , Gao Gengjun
Published: May 2023

Taking a green supply chain consisting of a green product manufacturer and a dominant retailer as the research object, three different government subsidy scenarios are proposed in the case of retailer social responsibility and manufacturer social responsibility, namely, manufacturer subsidy, retailer subsidy and consumer subsidy. and then discuss the influence of government subsidies on supply chain decision making and corporate social responsibility under different circumstances.
Recommendation Research of Science and scientific and technological reports for the Needs of Science and Technology Enterprises
Authors: Huang Musen
Published: May 2023

To improve the scientific research and innovation ability of science and technology enterprises, we recommend science and technology reports for the individual demandss of science and technology enterprises, and provide scientific theory and technical support. This paper proposes a technology report recommendation method that integrates feature value and time value for the demandss of science and technology enterprises. Firstly, the TF-IDF algorithm and word2vec language model are used to construct the feature vector of technology enterprise demand. Secondly, LDA, TF-IDF and word2vec are used to construct the feature vector of scientific and technological reports, and the time value of scientific and technological reports is calculated by referring to the negative exponential equation of literature aging and the half-life index of downloads. Finally, the similarity is calculated between the technology enterprise demand feature vector and the technology report vector, and the final recommendation results are obtained by sorting and comparing with other methods. The empirical results show that the scientific and technological reports recommended by this paper’s methodology not only meet the demandss of science and technology enterprises, but are also novel and cutting-edge.
Construction of the China financial pressure index measurement model based under the AHP-EWM-TOPSIS model
Authors: Wu Yifan , Dong Jun’an
Published: May 2023

With the complexity of the internal structure of the financial market, systemic financial risks occur frequently. The cross cycle of the real economy and the financial system makes the bad problems in the economic development enter into the financial system with the transmission mechanism, thus leading to the reduction of the macroeconomic stability. Therefore, the foundation for preventing systemic financial risks and economic crises in the financial market is the accurate detection of pertinent potential threats. Based on relevant literature, combined with the characteristics of China’s financial system, this paper selects indicators from four dominant markets: banking market, stock market, bond market and foreign exchange market. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method (EWM) are used to calculate the relevant weights of each index, and the AHP-EWM coupling weight is calculated based on the Lagrange multiplier method. Then, the coupling weight of each index is substituted into the TOPSIS model to measure the comprehensive influence degree of multi-evaluation objects, and the pressure threshold and abnormal risk situation of China’s financial market are analyzed accordingly, so as to realize the construction of CFSI measurement model.The results show that:(1)The fluctuation of CFSI over the years is within the controllable range of 0.2~0.5, with few serious outliers;(2)The whole trend has a development trend to the medium and low regions, accompanied by the characteristics of rapid fluctuation and smaller amplitude;(3)The high-risk time zone identified by the model presents a strong inertial effect, with a large fluctuation span and a long duration;(4)The stability of financial pressure in the low-risk area is stronger than in the-high risk area, and it can quickly recover to the stable stage and develop towards the trend of low pressure.
Price and Portcall Frequency Competition in Sea-and-Land transportation supply chain under Carbon Emission Reduction Target
Authors: Wang Yueyi , Han Hao
Published: May 2023

For carbon emission reduction by ports and shipping lines under sea-and-land transportation mode, to build a two-stage transportation supply chain model consisting of two competing ports and one shipping line The profit functions of ports and shipping lines were established to analyze the impact of parameters which are port emission reduction level, port unit emission reduction cost and the proportion of emission reduction cost shared by ports to shipping lines on port handling pricing, portcalls of shipping line and respective profits. The results show that the port emission reduction level and port unit emission reduction cost have a significant impact on decision variables and profits. Conversely, there is no significant impact on the proportion of emission reduction cost shared by ports to shipping lines. Within a certain range, port handling pricing increases as the port emission reduction level and port unit emission reduction cost increase. On the contrary, portcalls of shipping line decreases and individual profits decrease as parameters increase.