bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Storage Stability of Antioxidant in Milk Products Fermented with Selected Kefir Grain Microflora
Authors: Biadała Agata , Adzahan Noranizan Mohd
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to assess the antioxidant potential of goat’s milk and whey from goat’s milk fermented with selected bacteria strains from kefir grain (L. plantarum, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus) with regard to fermented cow’s milk with the same bacteria strains. The assessment of antioxidant potential was made by ABTS, DPPH, TPC and FRAP methods. The work also assessed metabolic activity of tested lactic acid bacteria using measurement of electrical impedance changes in the growing medium. The highest values describing the antioxidant potential were found for fermented milk by L. acidophilus. It was also found that the time of cooling storage causes significantly increasing the antioxidant potential of most analyzed samples. Metabolic activity of tested lactic acid bacteria was the highest for cow’s milk. The course of curves for goat’s milk and whey from goat’s milk was similar, which confirms the differences between cow and goat milk.
Effects and Economic Sustainability of Biochar Application on Corn Production in a Mediterranean Climate
Authors: Aguirre Juan Luis , Martín María Teresa , González Sergio , Peinado Manuel
Published: June 2021

The effects of two types of biochar on corn production in the Mediterranean climate during the growing season were analyzed. The two types of biochar were obtained from pyrolysis of Pinus pinaster. B1 was fully pyrolyzed with 55.90% organic carbon, and B2 was medium pyrolyzed with 23.50% organic carbon. B1 and B2 were supplemented in the soil of 20 plots (1 m2) at a dose of 4 kg/m2. C1 and C2 (10 plots each) served as control plots. The plots were automatically irrigated and fertilizer was not applied. The B1-supplemented plots exhibited a significant 84.58% increase in dry corn production per square meter and a 93.16% increase in corn wet weight (p << 0.001). Corn production was no different between B2-supplemented, C1, and C2 plots (p > 0.01). The weight of cobs from B1-supplemented plots was 62.3%, which was significantly higher than that of cobs from C1 and C2 plots (p < 0.01). The grain weight increased significantly by 23% in B1-supplemented plots (p < 0.01) and there were no differences between B2-supplemented, C1, and C2 plots. At the end of the treatment, the soil of the B1-supplemented plots exhibited increased levels of sulfate, nitrate, magnesium, conductivity, and saturation percentage. Based on these results, the economic sustainability of this application in agriculture was studied at a standard price of €190 per ton of biochar. Amortization of this investment can be achieved in 5.52 years according to this cost. Considering the fertilizer cost savings of 50% and the water cost savings of 25%, the amortization can be achieved in 4.15 years. If the price of biochar could be reduced through the CO2 emission market at €30 per ton of non-emitted CO2, the amortization can be achieved in 2.80 years. Biochar markedly improves corn production in the Mediterranean climate. However, the amortization time must be further reduced, and enhanced production must be guaranteed over the years with long term field trials so that the product is marketable or other high value-added crops must be identified.
Simultaneous Determination of Human Serum Albumin and Low-Molecular-Weight Thiols after Derivatization with Monobromobimane
Authors: Kurpet Katarzyna , Głowacki Rafał , Chwatko Grażyna
Published: June 2021

Biothiols are extremely powerful antioxidants that protect cells against the effects of oxidative stress. They are also considered relevant disease biomarkers, specifically risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In this paper, a new procedure for the simultaneous determination of human serum albumin and low-molecular-weight thiols in plasma is described. The method is based on the pre-column derivatization of analytes with a thiol-specific fluorescence labeling reagent, monobromobimane, followed by separation and quantification through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (excitation, 378 nm; emission, 492 nm). Prior to the derivatization step, the oxidized thiols are converted to their reduced forms by reductive cleavage with sodium borohydride. Linearity in the detector response for total thiols was observed in the following ranges: 1.76–30.0 mg mL−1 for human serum albumin, 0.29–5.0 nmol mL−1 for α-lipoic acid, 1.16–35 nmol mL−1 for glutathione, 9.83–450.0 nmol mL−1 for cysteine, 0.55–40.0 nmol mL−1 for homocysteine, 0.34–50.0 nmol mL−1 for N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and 1.45–45.0 nmol mL−1 for cysteinylglycine. Recovery values of 85.16–119.48% were recorded for all the analytes. The developed method is sensitive, repeatable, and linear within the expected ranges of total thiols. The devised procedure can be applied to plasma samples to monitor biochemical processes in various pathophysiological states.
Protective Roles of Honey in Reproductive Health: A Review
Authors: Zaid Siti Sarah Mohamad , Ruslee Siti Suraya , Mokhtar Mohd Helmy
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, most people who lead healthy lifestyles tend to use natural products as supplements, complementary medicine or alternative treatments. Honey is God’s precious gift to mankind. Honey has been highly appreciated and extensively used since ancient history due to its high nutritional and therapeutic values. It is also known to enhance fertility. In the last few decades, the important role of honey in modern medicine has been acknowledged due to the large body of convincing evidence derived from extensive laboratory studies and clinical investigations. Honey has a highly complex chemical and biological composition that consists of various essential bioactive compounds, enzymes, amino and organic acids, acid phosphorylase, phytochemicals, carotenoid-like substances, vitamins and minerals. Reproductive health and fertility rates have declined in the last 30 years. Therefore, this review aimed to highlight the protective role of honey as a potential therapeutic in maintaining reproductive health. The main role of honey is to enhance fertility and treat infertility problems by acting as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy for protecting the vagina and uterus from atrophy, protecting against the toxic effects of xeno-oestrogenic agents on female reproductive functions and helping in the treatment of gynaecological disorders, such as vulvovaginal candidiasis infection, that affect women’s lives.
Biosynthetic Strategies for Macrocyclic Peptides
Authors: Wang Wei , Khojasteh S. Cyrus , Su Dian
Published: June 2021

Macrocyclic peptides are predominantly peptide structures bearing one or more rings and spanning multiple amino acid residues. Macrocyclization has become a common approach for improving the pharmacological properties and bioactivity of peptides. A variety of ribosomal-derived and non-ribosomal synthesized cyclization approaches have been established. The biosynthesis of backbone macrocyclic peptides using seven new emerging methodologies will be discussed with regard to the features and strengths of each platform rather than medicinal chemistry tools. The mRNA display variant, known as the random nonstandard peptide integrated discovery (RaPID) platform, utilizes flexible in vitro translation (FIT) to access macrocyclic peptides containing nonproteinogenic amino acids (NAAs). As a new discovery approach, the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) method involves the combination of ribosomal synthesis and the phage screening platform together with macrocyclization chemistries to generate libraries of macrocyclic peptides. Meanwhile, the split-intein circular ligation of peptides and proteins (SICLOPPS) approach relies on the in vivo production of macrocyclic peptides. In vitro and in vivo peptide library screening is discussed as an advanced strategy for cyclic peptide selection. Specifically, biosynthetic bicyclic peptides are highlighted as versatile and attractive modalities. Bicyclic peptides represent another type of promising therapeutics that allow for building blocks with a heterotrimeric conjugate to address intractable challenges and enable multimer complexes via linkers. Additionally, we discuss the cell-free chemoenzymatic synthesis of macrocyclic peptides with a non-ribosomal catalase known as the non-ribosomal synthetase (NRPS) and chemo-enzymatic approach, with recombinant thioesterase (TE) domains. Novel insights into the use of peptide library tools, activity-based two-hybrid screening, structure diversification, inclusion of NAAs, combinatorial libraries, expanding the toolbox for macrocyclic peptides, bicyclic peptides, chemoenzymatic strategies, and future perspectives are presented. This review highlights the broad spectrum of strategy classes, novel platforms, structure diversity, chemical space, and functionalities of macrocyclic peptides enabled by emerging biosynthetic platforms to achieve bioactivity and for therapeutic purposes.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Iron Deficiency and Anemia among Residents of Urban Areas of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Sales Cristiane Hermes , Rogero Marcelo Macedo , Sarti Flávia Mori , Fisberg Regina Mara
Published: June 2021

Anemia is a worldwide concern. This cross-sectional population-based study examined the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) among residents of São Paulo (n = 898; 12–93 years), considering sociodemographic factors, dietary iron inadequacy, and food contributors to iron intake. Blood cell count and iron biomarkers were quantified. Dietary iron intake was measured using two 24-h dietary recalls. Iron intake inadequacy was estimated using a probabilistic approach. The prevalence of anemia was 6.7%, depleted iron stores 5.1%, and IDA 1.1%. Women of all age groups, older adults, and those who were underweight or obese had the highest prevalence of anemia, and female adolescents had the highest prevalence of depleted iron stores. Female adolescents and adults were more vulnerable to depleted iron stores. Male adults and older adults had a considerable prevalence of iron overload. Except for female adolescents and adults, all groups had mild probabilities of inadequate iron intake. The main food iron contributor was wheat flour. Hemoglobin concentrations were directly associated with being an adult, having a higher income, and inversely associated with being female. Serum ferritin concentrations were directly associated with age and inversely correlated with female sex. Residents of São Paulo had a low prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency, and IDA, and sociodemographic factors interfered with these parameters.
Mediterranean, DASH, and Alternate Healthy Eating Index Dietary Patterns and Risk of Death in the Physicians’ Health Study
Authors: Patel Yash R. , Robbins Jeremy M. , Gaziano J. Michael , Djoussé Luc
Published: June 2021

Objective: Our primary objective was to examine the associations of the Mediterranean (MED), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) diet with total mortality. Our secondary objective was to examine the association of these three dietary patterns with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality. Research: Design and Methods: We prospectively studied 15,768 men from the Physicians’ Health Study who completed a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Scores from each dietary pattern were divided into quintiles. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratio’s (95% confidence intervals) of mortality. Results: At baseline, average age was 65.9 ± 8.9 years. There were 1763 deaths, including 488 CVD deaths and 589 cancer deaths. All diet scores were inversely associated with risk for all-cause mortality: Hazard ratios (95% CI) of all-cause mortality from lowest to highest quintile for MED diet were 1.0 (reference), 0.85 (0.73–0.98), 0.80 (0.69–0.93), 0.77 (0.66–0.90), and 0.68 (0.58–0.79); corresponding values were 1.0 (reference), 0.96 (0.82–1.12), 0.95 (0.82–1.11), 0.88 (0.75–1.04), and 0.83 (0.71–0.99) for DASH diet and 1.0 (reference), 0.88 (0.77–1.02), 0.82 (0.71–0.95), 0.69 (0.59, 0.81), and 0.56 (0.47–0.67) for AHEI diet, after adjusting for age, energy, smoking, exercise, BMI, hypertension, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation. For cause-specific mortality, MED and AHEI scores were inversely associated with lower risk for CVD mortality, whereas AHEI and MED scores were inversely associated with lower risk for cancer mortality. Conclusion: Within this cohort of male physicians, AHEI, MED, and DASH scores were each inversely associated with mortality from all causes.
Gluten and FODMAPs Relationship with Mental Disorders: Systematic Review
Authors: Aranburu Egoitz , Matias Silvia , Simón Edurne , Larretxi Idoia , Martínez Olaia , Bustamante María Ángeles , Fernández-Gil María del Pilar , Miranda Jonatan
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, gluten and FODMAP food components (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols) are increasingly studied due to their possible relation with extraintestinal-associated conditions. In recent years, gluten-free diets (GFD) and low-FODMAP diets (LFD) are becoming more popular not only in order to avoid the food components that cause intolerances or allergies in some people, but also due to the direct influence of marketing movements or diet trends on feeding habits. Likewise, neurological and psychiatric diseases are currently of increasing importance in developed countries. For this reason, a bibliographic systematic review has been carried out to analyse whether there is a pathophysiological relationship between the dietary intake of gluten or FODMAPs with mental disorders. This review collects 13 clinical and randomized controlled trials, based on the PRISMA statement, which have been published in the last ten years. Based on these results, limiting or ruling out gluten or FODMAPs in the diet might be beneficial for symptoms such as depression, anxiety (7 out of 7 articles found any positive effect), or cognition deficiency (improvements in several cognition test measurements in one trial), and to a lesser extent for schizophrenia and the autism spectrum. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to obtain completely reliable conclusions.
Significance of Adipose Tissue Maintenance in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Okuno Senji
Published: June 2021

In the general population, obesity is known to be associated with adverse outcomes, including mortality. In contrast, high body mass index (BMI) may provide a survival advantage for hemodialysis patients, which is known as the obesity paradox. Although BMI is the most commonly used measure for the assessment of obesity, it does not distinguish between fat and lean mass. Fat mass is considered to serve as an energy reserve against a catabolic condition, while the capacity to survive starvation is also thought to be dependent on its amount. Thus, fat mass is used as a nutritional marker. For example, improvement of nutritional status by nutritional intervention or initiation of hemodialysis is associated with an increase in fat mass. Several studies have shown that higher levels of fat mass were associated with better survival in hemodialysis patients. Based on body distribution, fat mass is classified into subcutaneous and visceral fat. Visceral fat is metabolically more active and associated with metabolic abnormalities and inflammation, and it is thus considered to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. On the other hand, subcutaneous fat has not been consistently linked to adverse phenomena and may reflect nutritional status as a type of energy storage. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues have different metabolic and inflammatory characteristics and may have opposing influences on various outcomes, including mortality. Results showing an association between increased subcutaneous fat and better survival, along with other conditions, such as cancer or cirrhosis, in hemodialysis patients have been reported. This evidence suggests that fat mass distribution (i.e., visceral fat and subcutaneous fat) plays a more important role for these beneficial effects in hemodialysis patients.
Applicability of Multi-Agent Systems and Constrained Reasoning for Sensor-Based Distributed Scenarios: A Systematic Mapping Study on Dynamic DCOPs
Authors: Barambones Jose , Imbert Ricardo , Moral Cristian
Published: June 2021

Context: At present, sensor-based systems are widely used to solve distributed problems in changing environments where sensors are controlled by intelligent agents. On Multi-Agent Systems, agents perceive their environment through such sensors, acting upon that environment through actuators in a continuous cycle. These problems have not always been addressed from an ad-hoc perspective, designed specifically for the circumstances of the problem at hand. Instead, they have been modelled under a common mathematical framework as distributed constrained optimisation problems (DCOP). Objective: The question to answer is how sensor-based scenarios have been modelled as DCOPs in changing environments known as Dynamic DCOP and what their trends, gaps, and progression are. Method: A systematic mapping study of Dynamic DCOPs has been conducted, considering the scattered literature and the lack of consensus in the terminology. Results: Given the high complexity of distributed constraint-based problems, priority is given to obtaining sub-optimal but fast responses with a low communication cost. Other trending aspects are the scalability and guaranteeing the solution over time. Conclusion: Despite some lacks in the analysis and experimentation in real-world scenarios, a large set that is applicable to changing sensor-based scenarios is evidenced, along with proposals that allow the integration of off-the-shell constraint-based algorithms.
The Validation of a Portable Functional NIRS System for Assessing Mental Workload
Authors: Saikia Manob Jyoti , Besio Walter G. , Mankodiya Kunal
Published: June 2021

Portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) systems have the potential to image the brain in naturalistic settings. Experimental studies are essential to validate such fNIRS systems. Working memory (WM) is a short-term active memory that is associated with the temporary storage and manipulation of information. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) brain area is involved in the processing of WM. We assessed the PFC brain during n-back WM tasks in a group of 25 college students using our laboratory-developed portable fNIRS system, WearLight. We designed an experimental protocol with 32 n-back WM task blocks with four different pseudo-randomized task difficulty levels. The hemodynamic response of the brain was computed from the experimental data and the evaluated brain responses due to these tasks. We observed the incremental mean hemodynamic activation induced by the increasing WM load. The left-PFC area was more activated in the WM task compared to the right-PFC. The task performance was seen to be related to the hemodynamic responses. The experimental results proved the functioning of the WearLight system in cognitive load imaging. Since the portable fNIRS system was wearable and operated wirelessly, it was possible to measure the cognitive load in the naturalistic environment, which could also lead to the development of a user-friendly brain–computer interface system.
Multi-Sensor Perception Strategy to Enhance Autonomy of Robotic Operation for Uncertain Peg-in-Hole Task
Authors: Qin Li , Wang Hongyu , Yuan Yazhou , Qin Shufan
Published: June 2021

The peg-in-hole task with object feature uncertain is a typical case of robotic operation in the real-world unstructured environment. It is nontrivial to realize object perception and operational decisions autonomously, under the usual visual occlusion and real-time constraints of such tasks. In this paper, a Bayesian networks-based strategy is presented in order to seamlessly combine multiple heterogeneous senses data like humans. In the proposed strategy, an interactive exploration method implemented by hybrid Monte Carlo sampling algorithms and particle filtering is designed to identify the features’ estimated starting value, and the memory adjustment method and the inertial thinking method are introduced to correct the target position and shape features of the object respectively. Based on the Dempster–Shafer evidence theory (D-S theory), a fusion decision strategy is designed using probabilistic models of forces and positions, which guided the robot motion after each acquisition of the estimated features of the object. It also enables the robot to judge whether the desired operation target is achieved or the feature estimate needs to be updated. Meanwhile, the pliability model is introduced into repeatedly perform exploration, planning and execution steps to reduce interaction forces, the number of exploration. The effectiveness of the strategy is validated in simulations and in a physical robot task.
Proof of Concept for the Detection of Local Pressure Marks in Prosthesis Sockets Using Structural Dynamics Measurement
Authors: Neupetsch Constanze , Hensel Eric , Kranz Burkhard , Drossel Welf-Guntram , Felderhoff Thomas , Heyde Christoph-Eckhard
Published: June 2021

The wear comfort of a prosthesis is of great importance for amputee patients. The wear comfort can be affected by changes in the interface between the residual limb and prosthesis socket, which can be caused by time-dependent volume fluctuations of the tissue, leading to unwanted local pressure marks. The basis to ensure time-independent wear comfort of a prosthesis is to identify these changes. Common techniques for identifying these variations have a negative impact on the sensitive interface between the residual limb and prosthesis. The following paper contains a proof of concept for the detection of local pressure marks without affecting the described interface using structural dynamics measurements, exemplarily shown at a prosthetic socket for transfemoral amputees in a test bench scenario. The dynamical behaviour of the investigated system is analysed in the form of frequency response functions acquired for different pressure locations and preloads using an impact hammer for excitation and a triaxial acceleration sensor. The frequency response functions show major changes for the various boundary conditions with respect to their frequency-dependent compositions. The results demonstrate how the utilised method enables the identification of changes in local pressure marks regarding the variation of position and magnitude.
Blockchain Based Transaction System with Fungible and Non-Fungible Tokens for a Community-Based Energy Infrastructure
Authors: Karandikar Nikita , Chakravorty Antorweep , Rong Chunming
Published: June 2021

Renewable energy microgeneration is rising leading to creation of prosumer communities making it possible to extract value from surplus energy and usage flexibility. Such a peer-to-peer energy trading community requires a decentralized, immutable and access-controlled transaction system for tokenized energy assets. In this study we present a unified blockchain-based system for energy asset transactions among prosumers, electric vehicles, power companies and storage providers. Two versions of the system were implemented on Hyperledger Fabric. Assets encapsulating an identifier or unique information along with value are modelled as non-fungible tokens (NFT), while those representing value only are modelled as fungible tokens (FT). We developed the associated algorithms for token lifecycle management, analyzed their complexities and encoded them in smart contracts for performance testing. The results show that performance of both implementations are comparable for most major operations. Further, we presented a detailed comparison of FT and NFT implementations based on use-case, design, performance, advantages and disadvantages. Our implementation achieved a throughput of 448.3 transactions per second for the slowest operation (transfer) with a reasonably low infrastructure.
Supervised Machine Learning Methods and Hyperspectral Imaging Techniques Jointly Applied for Brain Cancer Classification
Authors: Urbanos Gemma , Martín Alberto , Vázquez Guillermo , Villanueva Marta , Villa Manuel , Jimenez-Roldan Luis , Chavarrías Miguel , Lagares Alfonso , Juárez Eduardo , Sanz César
Published: June 2021

Hyperspectral imaging techniques (HSI) do not require contact with patients and are non-ionizing as well as non-invasive. As a consequence, they have been extensively applied in the medical field. HSI is being combined with machine learning (ML) processes to obtain models to assist in diagnosis. In particular, the combination of these techniques has proven to be a reliable aid in the differentiation of healthy and tumor tissue during brain tumor surgery. ML algorithms such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used to make predictions and provide in-vivo visualizations that may assist neurosurgeons in being more precise, hence reducing damages to healthy tissue. In this work, thirteen in-vivo hyperspectral images from twelve different patients with high-grade gliomas (grade III and IV) have been selected to train SVM, RF and CNN classifiers. Five different classes have been defined during the experiments: healthy tissue, tumor, venous blood vessel, arterial blood vessel and dura mater. Overall accuracy (OACC) results vary from 60% to 95% depending on the training conditions. Finally, as far as the contribution of each band to the OACC is concerned, the results obtained in this work are 3.81 times greater than those reported in the literature.
Risk Prioritization for Failure Modes in Mining Railcars
Authors: Rahimdel Mohammad Javad , Ghodrati Behzad
Published: June 2021

Railway transportation systems are generally used to transport minerals from large-scale mines. Any failure in the railcar components may cause delays or even catastrophic derailment accidents. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is an effective tool for the risk assessment of mechanical systems. This method is an appropriate approach to identify the critical failure modes and provide proper control measures to reduce the level of risk. This research aims to propose an approach to identify and prioritize the failure modes based on their importance degree. To achieve this, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is used along with the FMEA. To compensate for the scarcities of the conventional FMEA in using the linguistic variables, the proposed approach is developed under the fuzzy environment. The proposed approach was applied in a case study, a rolling stock operated in an iron ore mine located in Sweden. The results of this study are helpful to identify not only the most important failure modes but also the most serious and critical ones.
Environmental Contamination and Human Exposure to Select Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: A Review
Authors: Sangeetha Seethappan , Vimalkumar Krishnamoorthi , Loganathan Bommanna G.
Published: June 2021

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are exogenous compounds that interfere with the normal hormone functions and ultimately lead to health disorders. Parabens, phenols, and phthalates are well-known EDCs, produced globally in large quantities and widely used in a variety of applications. Several studies have monitored these compounds in a variety of environmental matrices, including air, water, sediment, fish, human tissues, soil, indoor dust, and biosolids, etc. In recent years, environmental contamination and human exposure to these chemicals have become a great concern, due to their residue levels exceeding the permissible/acceptable limits. In this review, we focus on the origin of these EDCs, aquatic contamination pathways, distribution, human exposure, health implications, and healthcare costs. Further, this review identifies critical challenges and future research needs in removing or minimizing environmental contamination and exposure to these chemicals to protect living resources.
Qualidade da atenção em Saúde Bucal: entraves que dificultam a prática das Equipes de Saúde Bucal na Estratégia de Saúde da Família
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Áurea Alécio de Oliveira , Oliveira Manuela Queiroz , Santos Marcos Heitor Assis dos , Jesus Júnior Agenor de , Silva Alana Késia Pastor da
Published: June 2021

Após 16 anos de implantação das Equipes de Saúde Bucal (ESB), no Brasil, muitas cidades ainda não lograram a produção do cuidado em saúde conforme o preconizado pelo SUS. Diante disto, este estudo tem como objetivo compreender e discutir os fatores que dificultam as práticas das ESB na Estratégia de Saúde da Família por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa. Para a realização deste trabalho utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta dos dados entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a 29 indivíduos, participantes de Equipes de Saúde Bucal e outros profissionais da saúde, gestores e usuários de seis unidades de saúde de um município do Território do Sisal. A análise foi baseada na hermenêutica-dialética.  A insuficiente cobertura em saúde bucal, a alta demanda, a forma de organização do serviço, a precariedade do vínculo empregatício e o baixo financiamento em saúde, foram os entraves encontrados no município, que influenciam negativamente no processo do cuidado em saúde e não favorecem a oferta de um serviço de qualidade que proporcione a resolubilidade da atenção.
Análise do perfil nutricional de idosos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família de um município piauiense
Authors: Carvalho Antônio Varton de Oliveira , Formiga Laura Maria Feitosa , Araújo Ana Klisse Silva , Silva Lisandra Ravena Veloso da , Leal Maria Laíse de Lima , Lima Eveline Fontes Costa
Published: June 2021

O envelhecimento do corpo pede cuidados importantes com a saúde. A relação entre alimentação/nutrição e a saúde do idoso pode interferir no processo de envelhecimento em seus múltiplos aspectos. Objetivo: Investigar a ingestão alimentar e o estado nutricional de idosos. Métodos:  Estudo transversal, descritivo, com amostra de 274 idosos, realizado de fevereiro a junho de 2017 em duas Estratégias de Saúde da Família de um município Piauiense. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos que verificaram as características sociodemográficas, variáveis clínicas, hábitos de vida, antropometria, avaliação nutricional além de um questionário sobre frequência de consumo alimentar. Os dados foram analisados através de um programa estatístico e os resultados apresentados em tabelas. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Piauí sob o parecer de número 1.980.577 Conclusão: Ao detectar o estado nutricional e seus hábitos alimentares, pode-se obter um melhor diagnóstico dos distúrbios nutricionais e patologias clínicas e com isso favorecer uma assistência de qualidade.
Ampliação da clínica de saúde bucal em um centro de saúde do município de Campinas a partir de uma perspectiva grupal
Authors: Martins Angela Andrade , Sól Núncio Antônio Araújo , Botazzo Carlos , Pezzato Luciane Maria
Published: June 2021

A inserção da equipe de Saúde Bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família teve como proposta provocar mudanças no modo de organizar a produção do cuidado hegemonicamente ofertada pelos serviços de saúde da atenção primária no Sistema Único de Saúde, no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, a partir de um grupo educativo com hipertensos e diabéticos de uma equipe de saúde da família do município de Campinas-SP, possibilidades de ampliação da clínica da Saúde Bucal. A promoção da saúde foi pano de fundo dessa pesquisa, pois entendemos que as práticas grupais são dispositivos importantes para a ampliação da clínica na atenção primária à saúde. O referencial teórico-metodológico foi o da Análise Institucional em sua abordagem sócio-histórica e utilizamos como ferramentas para a produção dos dados: análise de documentos arquivados que traziam registros sobre o grupo, entrevistas com profissionais e usuários/as integrantes do grupo, um grupo focal com a equipe de saúde da família do qual este grupo faz parte e a produção de um diário de pesquisa. A partir da análise dos dados produzidos, foi possível perceber o potencial deste grupo como um dispositivo para ampliação da clínica de Saúde Bucal. O fato da dentista estar inserida no grupo como parte integrante do mesmo foi um diferencial que fez a equipe de saúde rever o lugar da Saúde Bucal na produção do cuidado, consequentemente na promoção da saúde.
Post-mining ponds in the Sandomierz Forest (SE Poland) as an important site for the conservation of a species-rich odonate assemblage
Authors: Bobrek Rafał
Published: June 2021

In this study, the species composition and diversity of dragonfly and damselfly assemblages of six post-mining ponds differing in habitat conditions, located within a single sand pit in the central part of the Sandomierz Forest (SE Poland) were assessed. In total, 42 species were recorded
in 2019, including 35 species considered resident to the site. In the six studied ponds, a range of 8 to 30 species were recorded, including 5 to 26 resident species. In each pond, at least one unique species was found, and one-third of all species were confined to single ponds only. As a
result, the qualitative (Jaccard) and quantitative (Bray-Curtis) similarity indices between the pairs of ponds were low, reaching 12-61% and 19-53%, respectively. Thus, despite a lack of distinct barriers and negligible distances between the ponds (max. 350 m), the structure of assemblages
in adjacent water bodies differed considerably. This is probably largely due to the habitat selectivity of species. A redundancy analysis (RDA) showed, that factors such as area and plant diversity of the pond were shaping odonate assemblages, explaining 49.1% of the total variance in the
dataset. Due to the high species richness and the identification of several species of special concern, the studied sand pit should be considered a valuable secondary habitat for odonates, which – after termination of exploitation – should be regarded as a good candidate for a
site designated for the conservation of biodiversity.
effect of diet composition, a probiotic and a symbiotic treatment on the ileal microbiota composition of one-week-old broiler chickens
Authors: Such Nikoletta , Farkas Valéria , Molnár Andor , Csitári Gábor , Pál László , Rawash Mohamad Ali , Husvéth Ferenc , Dublecz Károly
Published: June 2021

A healthy microbiota present in the small intestine contributes significantly to small intestinal function, including digestion, nutrient absorption and health. The current study investigated the effects of a prebiotic, a probiotic and a symbiotic supplementation on ileal microbiota composition of broilers at 7 days of age. In a total of 574 male Ross 308 day-old chickens were divided into four groups using six replicate pens and 24 chickens per pen. A maise-soybean based control diet (C), a control diet supplemented with probiotics (Broilact; Br), a control diet supplemented with symbiotic (inulin, yeast, Bacillus subtilis; Sy) and a wheat based diet supplemented with wheat bran (W) were formulated. On day 7 of life, two chickens per pen were slaughtered and ileal chymus samples were collected. For microbiota analysis 16S rRNA (V3-V4 region) gene targeted Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used. Feeding all diets supplemented increased the diversity to varying degrees compared to the control (C) diet (p=0.006). As a conclusion, all supplementation substantially influenced ileal microbiota of broiler chickens at an early age. All these results could offer some information for the future study on the relationship between early intestinal microbiota and the compounds of the feed.
Condensed tannin content and antioxidant activity of Hungarian sorghum varieties grown at Research Institute in Karcag
Authors: Nagy Róbert , Szőllősi Erzsébet , Bíróné Molnár Piroska , Murányi Eszter , Czimbalmos Róbert , Sipos Péter
Published: June 2021

Cereal-based products are one of our main energy sources, and are consumed on a daily basis. One of the weaknesses of wheat based products is their low antioxidant content. Sorghum is a minor cereal, mostly consumed in Africa and Asia. Amongst other phenolic components it contains tannins, which are potent antioxidants and have other positive effect on human health, for example anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral/bacterial effect. We evaluated the tannin content (vanillin-HCL) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH) of sorghum varieties (Alföldi1, Zádor, Foehn, Albita, Albanus) grown in Hungary, with two type of agronomy technology.. Red varieties especially Alföldi1 and Zádor had higher tannin contents than white varieties. The highest condensed tannin content was 1470±73 mg 100g-1 (Control, Alföldi1), 1810±154 mg 100g-1 (Fertilized, Alföldi1), and the highest total antioxidant capacity was 2099±19 mg 100g-1 (Control, Alföldi1) and 2117±26 mg 100g-1 (Fertilized, Alföldi) We found that sorghum type, variety and color influence their tannin and antioxidant contents in general.
Effect of different production types on the yield and ß-carotene content of sweet potato /cultivar Ásotthalmi- 12/
Authors: Balázs Viktor , Helyes Lajos , Pék Zoltán , Neményi András , Takács Sándor , Égei Márton , Daood Hussein  G.
Published: June 2021

Production of sweet potato is extending in Hungary, despite the fact that there is no field-specific production technology. Therefore, many growers cannot utilize potential yields and quality. The goal of this study was to determine the optimal production method of the Ásotthalmi 12, a Hungarian sweet potato cultivar which can adapt to the Hungarian climate. The effect of single and twin rows production on the yield of this cultivar was examined. The planting was carried out on June 24th, the harvesting on October 20th and the growing-season was 120 days long. Uniform nutrient supply was applied to the whole field experiment. During basic fertilization, 206 kg Knd 20 kg N, 36 kg P ha-1 were used on the soil. While forming the ridges, we used an additional 25 kg N, 45 kg P and 62.5 kg K ha-1. We adopted drip tape irrigation on the experimental field. After the planting, from the 8th week of the vegetation, another 21 kg ha-1 K, 10 kg ha-1 MgSO4, and 2 kg ha-1 Ca(NO3)2 was added in one dosage weekly, until the 13th week of vegetation. At the evaluation of the experiment, we examined the yield regarding the whole experimental plot. SPAD and fluorescence measurements were carried out on 08.16. 2019, 08.28.2019, and on 09.13.2019, during the watering break. To demonstrate the difference between the dates, we applied ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. For the measurement of phytonutrients HPLC, a liquid chromatograph was used, where the carotenoid content of the Ásotthalmi 12 cultivar was determined in connection with the different production methods. Test results showed that twin rows production leads to a nearly 30% greater yield, than single row production. We determined, that the growth of yield correlates negatively to the ß-carotene content of the Ásotthalmi 12 cultivar sweet potato.
‘Kindergarten’ keeping-system in farrowing house: effect the socialization of piglets on weight performances, fecal cortisol metabolite level and post-weaning behavior
Authors: Novotniné Dankó Gabriella , Huzsvai László , Huszenicza-Kulcsár Margit , Győri Zsolt , Jankowiak Hanna , Vaclavkova Eva , Balogh Péter
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to examine whether litters’ let-together system before weaning (‘kindergarten-system’) has any stress effect and effect on post-weaning behavior, respectively. One week before weaning piglets were socialized by removing four adjacent farrowing crate walls. After weaning, piglets from the same experimental groups were housed in the same rearing crates. The piglet’s body weight was measured at birth than weekly till the 7th life-week. Fecal cortisol metabolites were measured for evaluation of the adrenocortical activity. Personal observation and evaluation were carried out for behavioral analyses after weaning. There were no significant differences in weight development and cortisol metabolite levels between the control and experimental groups. Behavioral analysis showed that pigs grow up in a socialized system, rapidly evolve ranking in the rearing crates, and the self-maintenance and social behavior were more pronounced. In control groups, the activity involving movement (exploring, walking, and running) was much more decisive. Recent work suggested the beneficial effect of the ‘kindergarten’ system in the farrowing house in animal welfare aspects.
Structural studies in the pre-Cambrian of western Greenland. Part I. A small body of diorite, Godthaab District
Authors: Berthelsen A
Published: June 2021

A structural analysis af a small body of diorite as well as reconnaissance work in the surrounding region tend to show that within this region a division can be made into two kinetic phases, each followed and succeeded by granitization and mutually separated by a period with intrusions of basic dykes.
Scleractinian corals from the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary of Nûgssuaq, West Greenland
Authors: Floris S
Published: June 2021

Localities and deposits in north-west Nûgssuaq yielding fossil corals of the order Scleractinia are described. The age of the corals is Campanian?, Maastrichtian and Lower Paleocene (Danian), on the basis of other marine fossils. 22 species are considered; 7 are described as new and are indigenous, 2 are possibly North American forms, 3 are known from Europe, and 10 are identifiable only to generic level. The following genera and subgenera are represented: Haimesiastraea (Haimesiastraea), H. (Perupiastrea)?, Discotrochus?, Astrangia (Coenangia)?, Oculina, Caryophyllia, Trochocyathus, Paracyathus, Stephanocyathus (Stephanocyathus), Desmophyllum?, Lophelia?, Parasmilia, Flabellum, Balanophyllia, and Dendrophyllia . In addition, two new genera are described: Kangiliacyathus and Faksephyllia . Certain Danian corals from Scandinavia are also revised. In a survey of habitats, the lithology of the corallocalities is considered together with bathymetric and thermal ranges known for scleractinian genera and species from other parts of the world. Depth and temperature of the Campanian and Maastrichtian seas in Greenland cannot be estimated with any accuracy. The Lower and Upper Danian seas were generally rather shallow. There is little evidence on which to judge the Danian climate. Two species were perhaps hermatypic (no reef structures have been found). The remaining scleractinians are presumed to have been ahermatypic. A non-reef coral association has been found. Lower Danian rather sparsely populated polytypic coral thickets show signs of continual disturbance from water turbulence. The approximate depth of formation of these thickets appears to have been 80 m or shallower, which appears to be less than is usual for coral structures of this type. Some Lower Paleocene species provide conclusive evidence of a direct connection between the Danian seas of West Greenland and of Scandinavia.
Geologie et pétrographie des roches sédimentaires et volcaniques kétilidiennes (Protérozoique inférieur) de la baignoire d'Arsuk, Groenland méridional
Authors: Muller J
Published: June 2021

The Arsuk ø area is situated along the north-western border of the Early Proterozoic (> 1750 m.y.) mobile belt of South Greenland. Around Arsuk ø reactivated Archaean (> 2500 m.y.) basement is represented by gneiss, amphibolites and migmatites belonging to several lithological series. In the Arsuk basin Early Proterozoic (Ketilidian) supracrustals consist of a group of sedimentary rocks which is overlain by a group of volcanic rocks. The sedimentary Ikerasârssuk Group, with a thickness between 1000 and 1500 m, consists of semi-pelites and pelites with several zones of pyrite-bearing graphite schists and dolomitic limestones. There are also numerous sills of basic rocks which have the same age as the overlying group of volcanic rocks. In some localities the basal member of the group consists of feldspathic quartzites. The volcanic Arsuk Group, the upper part of which is eroded away, has a measured thickness of 4200 m. It consists of pillow lavas, basic massive lavas, volcanic breccias, lapillis and tuffites. There are also some ultrabasic rocks and thin horizons of pyrite-bearing graphite schists with chert. These supracrustal rocks underwent intense deformation at the close of the Early Proterozoic. Three phases can be recognised. The first phase produced N-S to NNE-SSW recumbent folds and the regional schistosity. Refolding during the second phase resulted in folds with E-W to ESE-trending axial planes and a strain slip cleavage. The last phase produced N-S trending structures. The grade of metamorphism during the first phase of deformation corresponds to greenschist facies. In the supracrustals close to the basement recrystallisation in amphibolite facies took place between the first and third phases of folding. This shows the existence of a gradient towards still higher grade metamorphic conditions in the underlying Archaean basement undergoing thorough reconstitution at the end of the Early Proterozoic. As a result of the deformation the stratigraphical unconformity between the Early Proterozoic (Ketilidian) supracrustals and the Archaean basement has been destroyed. During the Gardar period (Middle Proterozoic: > 950 m.y.) and again during the Mesozoic faulting and dyking occurred.
Holocene history of the Greenland ice sheet based on radiocarbon-dated moraines in West Greenland
Authors: Brink N.W.T
Published: June 2021

The Greenland ice sheet margin retreated at least 125 km in West Greenland during the Holocene, but frequent halts or readvances interrupted the general trend and formed extensive moraine systems. Local deglaciation was synchronous with marine invasion of the fjords, resulting in deposition of interrelated glacial and marine sediments. The marine deposits have been uplifted by postglacial isostatic rebound and now occur as emerged-marine sediments and strandlines up to 125 ± 5 m a.s.l. The age and altitude values of 21 radiocarbon-dated samples of mollusc shells collected from the emerged-marine sediments define two postglacial emergence curves, which have been used to date moraine systems by means of their relations to former relative sea levels. Major moraine systems were constructed by the inland ice about 8800 B.P., 8300 B.P., 7300 B.P., 6500 B.P. to perhaps 6000(?) B.P., and presumably c. 4800- 4000 B.P. and 2500-2000 B.P. An advance of the inland ice about 3 km beyond its present margin c. 700 lichenometric years B.P. was followed by oscillatory retreat and advance, culminated by an advance 330 ± 75 C-H years B. P. Moraines adjacent to the present ice margin were formed by a series of small advances culminated by local maxima between A.D. 1880 and 1920. The episodes of moraine construction were probably caused by slight decreases in mean temperature over periods of several decades to a few centuries, resulting in decreased ablation and immediate growth of the ice sheet margin. Long-term dynamic responses of the entire ice sheet, requiring thousands of years, were not necessary to form the moraines. The suggested short-term climatic cause of Holocene moraine construction is supported by palynologic and regional glacial geological evidence as well as historic temperature-glacier relations in West Greenland. Net retreat of the ice sheet margin during the Holocene was almost undoubtedly caused by hemisphere-wide climatic warming recorded in the 018/016 data for the Camp Century, Greenland, ice core as well as palynologic data from several sites in the Northern Hemisphere.