bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legumain‐Guided Ferulate‐Peptide Self‐Assembly Enhances Macrophage‐Endotheliocyte Partnership to Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Xu Delong , Bi Shenghui , Li Jiejing , Ma Shaodan , Yu Ze‐an , Wang Yenan , Chen Huiming , Zhan Jie , Song Xudong , Cai Yanbin
Published: September 2024

Promoting angiogenesis and modulating the inflammatory microenvironment are promising strategies for treating acute myocardial infarction (MI). Macrophages are crucial in regulating inflammation and influencing angiogenesis through interactions with endothelial cells. However, current therapies lack a comprehensive assessment of pathological and physiological subtleties, resulting in limited myocardial recovery. In this study, legumain‐guided ferulate‐peptide nanofibers (LFPN) are developed to facilitate the interaction between macrophages and endothelial cells in the MI lesion and modulate their functions. LFPN exhibits enhanced ferulic acid (FA) aggregation and release, promoting angiogenesis and alleviating inflammation. The multifunctional role of LFPN is validated in cells and an MI mouse model, where it modulated macrophage polarization, attenuated inflammatory responses, and induces endothelial cell neovascularization compare to FA alone. LFPN supports the preservation of border zone cardiomyocytes by regulating inflammatory infiltration in the ischemic core, leading to significant functional recovery of the left ventricle. These findings suggest that synergistic therapy exploiting multicellular interaction and enzyme guidance may enhance the clinical translation potential of smart‐responsive drug delivery systems to treat MI. This work emphasizes macrophage‐endothelial cell partnerships as a novel paradigm to enhance cell interactions, control inflammation, and promote therapeutic angiogenesis.
KPV and RAPA Self‐Assembled into Carrier‐Free Nanodrugs for Vascular Calcification Therapy
Authors: Zhang Li , Li Dongze , Aierken Yierpani , Zhang Jie , Liu Zhenyu , Lin Zipeng , Jiang Longqi , Li Qingzhu , Wu Ya , Liu Yong
Published: September 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally, and vascular calcification (VC) is an important independent risk factor for predicting CVD. Currently, there are no established therapeutic strategies for the treatment of VC. Although recognized combination therapies of nanomedicines can provide effective strategies for disease treatment, the clinical application of nanomedicines is limited because of their complex preparation processes, low drug loading rates, and unpredictable safety risks. Thus, developing a simple, efficient, and safe nanodrug to simultaneously regulate inflammation and autophagy may be a promising strategy for treating VC. Herein, an anti‐inflammatory peptide (lysine‐proline‐valine peptides, KPV) and the autophagy activator rapamycin (RAPA) are self‐assembled to form new carrier‐free spherical nanoparticles (NPs), which shows good stability and biosafety. In vivo and in vitro, KPV‐RAPA NPs significantly inhibit VC in mice compared to the other treatment groups. Mechanistically, KPV‐RAPA NPs inhibit inflammatory responses and activated autophagy. Therefore, this study indicates that the new carrier‐free KPV‐RAPA NPs have great potential as therapeutic agents for VC combination therapy, which can promote the development of nanodrugs for VC.
Rationalizing Defective Biomimetic Ceria: In Vitro Demonstration of a Potential “Trojan Horse” Nanozyme Based‐Platform Leveraging Photo‐Redox Activities for Minimally Invasive Therapy
Authors: Sarkar Sayoni , Malhotra Diksha , Debnath Monalisha , Kundu Gopal C. , Srivastava Rohit , Kulkarni Ajit R.
Published: September 2024

Semiconductor nanostructures with surface defect‐mediated chemistry have garnered pronounced interest due to their exceptional photo‐induced intracellular bio‐catalytic (enzyme‐mimicking) responses. However, designing defective nanozymes with pH‐responsive multi‐bio‐catalytic functions without any dopants is challenging. Herein, oxygen‐deficient “trojan horse‐like” folate‐functionalized, L‐arginine‐coated ceria (FA‐L‐arg‐CeO2) nanozymes with synergistic multi‐enzyme‐mimicking and anti‐cancer potential are introduced. Intrinsic surface oxygen vacancies (VO●) are strategically created in the nanozymes under kinetically favorable synthesis conditions. Increased surface VO● promotes band structure reconstruction and amplified photochemical‐response efficacy under single laser irradiation (808 nm), outperforming the defect‐free commercial nano‐CeO2 in rapid anti‐tumorigenic activities. Through folate receptor‐mediated endocytosis, these biostable nanozymes localized in MDA‐MB‐231 cells (84% in 48 h) and demonstrated NIR‐accelerated enzymatic functions depending on the pH of the biological milieu. The reduced band gap energy facilitated effective electron‐hole separation, up‐regulating in vitro photo‐redox reactions that impart exceptional therapeutic potential and inhibit 62% cell metastasis within only 12 h. By perturbing intratumoural redox homeostasis, VO●‐rich FA‐L‐arg‐CeO2 nanozymes unanimously killed 86% of MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells while preferentially shielding benign L929 cells. Transcending beyond conventional drug‐loaded or dopant‐incorporated‐CeO2 nanoplatforms, these defective multi‐modal nanozymes unravel a new avenue for developing smart, low‐cost, bio‐active agents with enhanced efficacy and bio‐safety.
Recent Advances in Linear Polarization‐Sensitive Photodetectors Based on Perovskites with Different Molecular Dimensions
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Zhang Fengyi , Xu Rongrong , Yin Qianxi , Li Mulin , Huang Xianliang , Ma Teng , Chen Ziyi , Chen Jun , Zeng Haibo
Published: September 2024

The function of photodetectors is to convert optical signals into current or voltage output. Polarization‐sensitive perovskite photodetectors have attracted significant interest because of their potential applications in imaging and remote sensing technologies. This study provides an overview of the advancements in research on halide perovskite photodetectors, particularly focusing on their capability for linear polarization‐sensitive detection. First, there is a brief description of the background and strengths of linear polarization‐sensitive photodetectors. Then, the core parameters of linear polarization‐sensitive photodetectors are introduced briefly. Third, according to the classification of active layer materials, linear polarization‐sensitive photodetectors are divided into 3D perovskites and low‐dimensional perovskites. The research on linear polarization‐sensitive perovskite detectors are reviewed. Finally, the developments and challenges faced by linear polarization‐sensitive perovskite photodetectors are analyzed.
Flat‐Field Lens Grating Microspectrometer for Spectroscopic Multiplex Bioassay
Authors: Kim Gi Beom , Park Jung‐Woo , Jeon Jaehun , Jeong Hyejeong , Yu Eun‐Sil , Jeong Ki‐Hun
Published: September 2024

Spectroscopic multiplex bioassay allows the rapid and simultaneous detection of various biomarkers in biomedical applications. The high cost and bulky configuration of conventional spectrometers hinder the decentralization of biomedical instruments for point‐of‐care diagnostics. Here a flat‐field lens grating‐based microspectrometer (FLG‐µSPEC) is reported for continuous detection of multi‐target nucleic acid amplification. FLG‐µSPEC features the vertical integration of microslit, integrated flat‐field lens and transmission grating (FLG), concave mirror, and CMOS line sensor. FLG effectively corrects the field curvature by flattening the focal plane of dispersed wavelengths and also facilitates compact module packaging. FLG‐µSPEC module is precisely assembled into a dimension of 10 mm × 16 mm × 10 mm. The average spectral resolution exhibits 3.4 ± 0.9 nm over an operating range of 500 to 950 nm. A spectral detection system utilizing FLG‐µSPEC demonstrates the amplification of lambda DNA (𝜆‐DNA) for each target, exhibiting a high correlation with the obtained result from a conventional real‐time PCR (qPCR) machine. Furthermore, multiplex qPCR analysis using FLG‐µSPEC and spectral deconvolution successfully demonstrates simultaneous and accurate quantification of three different targets. The FLG‐µSPEC module offers diverse on‐demand analytical applications, including not only multiplex bioassay but also environmental monitoring.
Reconfigurable Hologram Response to Liquid via the Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing of 3D Micropillars
Authors: Li Taoyong , Li Luqi , Jiang Lan , Yi Peng , Li Min , Li Songchang , Li Xibiao , Zhang Xiangyu , Wang Andong , Wang Zhi , Li Jiafang , Huang Lingling , Han Bing , Li Xiaowei
Published: September 2024

Reconfigurable and tunable holograms hold significant practical value in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting, optical security, and information display due to their ability to reprogram holographic patterns and create variable visual effects. However, current encryption techniques face challenges in achieving rapid encryption/decryption and ensuring consistent methods. In this study, a method for producing a reconfigurable encryption hologram utilizing the deformation and recovery properties of micropillars in response to liquid is demonstrated. Micron‐scale micropillars are fabricated using femtosecond laser two‐photon polymerization. By exploiting the rapid deformation and recovery capabilities of micropillars with specific pitches and aspect ratios in response to liquids, micropillar structures and holograms are combined to construct reconfigurable holograms. The encrypted pattern information in the reconfigurable holograms is only readable following immersion in alcohol and laser irradiation. The proposed method offers a facile, reversible, reusable, and practical solution for information encryption, with significant potential in anti‐counterfeiting and optical security.
Colloidal Stabilizer‐Mediated Crystal Growth Regulation and Defect Healing for High‐Quality Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xin Zhe , Ding Yang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Peng Yue , Zhang Qing , Cao Yusheng , Guo Qiyao , Duan Jialong , Dou Jie , Sun Liqing , Zhang Qiang , Tang Qunwei
Published: September 2024

High‐quality perovskite (PVK) films is essential for the fabrication of efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, unstable colloidal particles in PVK suspensions often hinder the formation of crystalline films with low defect densities. Herein, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a colloidal stabilizer into lead iodide (PbI2) is introduced colloidal solutions. EDTA forms chelated complexes with Pb2+, enhancing the electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance between colloidal particles. This stabilizes the particles and inhibits disordered motion (Brownian motion) and excessive aggregation. As a result, PbI2 films with a uniform hole distribution are formed, providing ample pathways for subsequent PVK film growth and sufficient space. During the film formation process, the replacement of molecules by formamidinium iodide (FAI) and EDTA slows down crystallization, ultimately leading to PVK films with large grain sizes and low defect density. By using this approach, champion power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 24.05% for FA0.97Cs0.03PbI3 PSC, 11.08% for CsPbBr3 PSC, and 25.19% for FA0.945MA0.025Cs0.03Pb(I0.975Br0.025)3 PSC are achieved. Moreover, the EDTA‐based FA0.97Cs0.03PbI3 device retains over 90% of its initial PCE after 1000 h at the maximum power point (MPP) under continuous illumination.
AMMI and GGE biplot analysis for barley genotype yield performance and stability under multi environment condition in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Derbew Shegaw , Mekbib Firew , Lakew Berhane , Bekele Agdew , Bishaw Zewdie
Published: September 2024

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a major grain crop farmed in Ethiopia throughout the long rainy season (Meher) and the short rainy season (Belg) of the year. Barley genotypes were subjected to multi‐environment experiments in six different settings to identify stable genotypes and estimate the impact of genotype × environment interaction (GEI) on grain production. In each area, the field experiment was conducted from mid‐July to January during the primary cropping season of 2021. Three replications of a randomized complete block design were used to set up the trials. According to the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) study, genotype (18.19%), GEI (22.98%), and environment (58.83%) all had an impact on the major treatment sum of squares. The more variance attributed to the environments is a sign of environmental diversity. Given that the two interaction principal component analysis (IPCAs) accounted for 76.94% of the interaction sum of squares, they were sufficient for cross‐validation of the grain yield variance explained by GEI. In contrast to the GGE biplot approaches, which indicated genotypes G12, G3, and G9 as stable and high‐yielding genotypes throughout the environments, the AMMI stability value identified genotypes G3, G12, and G9 as high yielding with stable performance across environments. In general, the GGE biplot and AMMI analysis models demonstrated that genotypes G12, G3, and G9 were stable and yielded well, making G3 acceptable for cultivation in a wider range of environments and G12 and G9 suitable for release.
Copper(II)‐Amine Complex‐Mediated Intramolecular Coupling of Gallates: A Bioinspired Solution to the Atroposelective Synthesis of Ellagitannins
Authors: Larrieu Romain , Richieu Antoine , Cornu Anaëlle , Daugey Nicolas , Pouységu Laurent , Deffieux Denis , Quideau Stéphane
Published: September 2024

Total syntheses of the C‐glucosidic ellagitannins (−)‐punicacortein A, (−)‐epipunicacortein A and (+)‐castalin were accomplished for the first time, and those of the glucopyranosic ellagitannins (+)‐tellimagrandin I and (+)‐pedunculagin were revisited. The atroposelective construction of their characteristic hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) and nonahydroxyterphenoyl (NHTP) units relied on the use of different cupric‐amine complexes under different reaction conditions to mediate the intramolecular dehydrogenative coupling of galloyl groups at different positions of glucose cores. In particular, the monodentate n‐butylamine and the bidentate (−)‐sparteine were found to be complementary in their capacity to promote the regio‐ and atroposelective coupling of galloyl groups on a 4C1‐glucopyranosic core into 2,3‐O‐(S)‐ and/or 4,6‐O‐(S)‐HHDP units. Furthermore, replacing (−)‐sparteine by its optical antipode not only counteracted the substrate‐controlled induction of atroposelectivity to forge a 4,6‐O‐(R)‐HHDP unit, but it also enabled a 4C1 to 1C4 ring flip of the glucopyranosic core and hence the formation of 2,4‐O‐(R)‐ and 3,6‐O‐(R)‐HHDP units, such as those featured in the glucopyranosic ellagitannins phyllanemblinin B and geraniin.
Cyclische Acetale als expandierende Monomer zur Verringerung von Schrumpfung
Authors: Ricke Alexander , Berk Oskar , Koch Thomas , Liska Robert , Baudis Stefan
Published: September 2024

Umpolungskatalysatoren (PRCs) für Wasserstoff‐Übertragungsreaktionen sind innerhalb der Radikalchemie seit mehr als 60 Jahren bekannt, werden allerdings im Bereich der Photopolymerisation bisher kaum beschrieben und genutzt. In diesem Artikel demonstrieren wir die Verwendung von Thiolen in einer einzigartigen Doppelfunktion als Thiol‐En‐Click‐Reagenzien und Umpolungskatalysatoren (PRC) für radikalvermittelte Redox‐Umlagerungsreaktionen von Benzylidenacetalen. Während der Umlagerungsreaktionen wandeln sich Benzylidenacetale in Benzoesäureester um, wodurch es zu einer signifikanten Volumenssteigerung kommt, die der Schrumpfung des Duromeren entgegenwirkt. Wir konnten zeigen, dass diese Expansion auf molekularer Ebene Schrumpfungs‐ und Polymerisationsspannungen reduziert ohne die (thermo‐) mechanischen Eigenschaften des Polymernetzwerkes wesentlich zu beeinflussen. Der Hauptvorteil dieser Herangehensweise liegt dabei in der Schlichtheit, da hier keine Additive wie Sensibilisatoren oder unterschiedliche Initiatorsysteme (radikalisch und kationisch) notwendig sind. Des Weiteren kann dieselbe Lichtquelle sowohl für die Polymerisation als auch für die Expansion im Zuge der Umlagerungsreaktion genutzt werden. Zusätzlich erlaubt der verwendete Photoinitiator eine Kontrolle der Polymerisation über Raum und Zeit, wodurch sich dieses System als hervorragende Grundlage zur additiven Fertigung anbietet.
Transforming Aryl‐Tetrazines into Bioorthogonal Scissors for Systematic Cleavage of trans‐Cyclooctenes
Authors: Wilkovitsch Martin , Kuba Walter , Keppel Patrick , Sohr Barbara , Löffler Andreas , Kronister Stefan , del Castillo Andres Fernandez , Goldeck Marion , Dzijak Rastislav , Rahm Michal , Vrabel Milan , Svatunek Dennis , Carlson Jonathan C. T. , Mikula Hannes
Published: September 2024

Bioorthogonal bond‐cleavage reactions have emerged as a powerful tool for precise spatiotemporal control of (bio)molecular function in the biological context. Among these chemistries, the tetrazine‐triggered elimination of cleavable trans‐cyclooctenes (click‐to‐release) stands out due to high reaction rates, versatility, and selectivity. Despite an increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms, application of this reaction remains limited by the cumulative performance trade‐offs (i.e., click kinetics, release kinetics, release yield) of existing tools. Efficient release has been restricted to tetrazine scaffolds with comparatively low click reactivity, while highly reactive aryl‐tetrazines give only minimal release. By introducing hydroxyl groups onto phenyl‐ and pyridyl‐tetrazine scaffolds, we have developed a new class of ‘bioorthogonal scissors’ with unique chemical performance. We demonstrate that hydroxyaryl‐tetrazines achieve near‐quantitative release upon accelerated click reaction with cleavable trans‐cyclooctenes, as exemplified by click‐triggered activation of a caged prodrug, intramitochondrial cleavage of a fluorogenic probe (turn‐on) in live cells, and rapid intracellular bioorthogonal disassembly (turn‐off) of a ligand‐dye conjugate.
High‐Resolution Ensemble Modelling of Coral Distributions in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Based on Geomorphometry: Coral Diversity and Benthic Habitat Fragmentation From Oil and Gas Infrastructure to Inform Spatial Planning
Authors: Lecours Vincent , Oxton Amy , Khor Danny , Tiplea Julia
Published: September 2024

The northern Gulf of Mexico is home to several species of corals that provide a wide range of ecosystem services to other organisms. Oil and gas infrastructure, such as platforms and pipelines, form an extensive network throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico. Detrimental impacts associated with oil and gas exploration and extraction have been recorded in this area at depths where corals are found. Due to these ecosystems' vulnerability to long‐term impacts, it is necessary to determine areas of interest that would benefit from further exploration and informed spatial planning. This study aimed to identify potential areas of interest for coral studies in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Ensemble species distribution models for 13 species of corals including scleractinians, black corals, and octocorals were produced based on seafloor characteristics and combined to identify areas with relatively higher coral diversity potential than others. The ensemble modelling approach produced robust outputs, as evaluated by the area under the curve, Cohen's kappa coefficient, sensitivity, specificity and the proportion of correct predictions. The proximity of suitable habitat to active and proposed oil and gas infrastructure was evaluated; this spatial analysis showed that oil and gas infrastructures potentially impact 23.5% of all predicted suitable coral habitat in the study area and contribute to benthic habitat fragmentation. Twelve areas of interest greater than 100 km2 and located outside a 4‐km zone of potential influence from oil and gas infrastructure were delineated and deemed of interest for further exploration and spatial planning, and hypothetical prioritization scenarios for spatial planning are presented. The maps produced can inform discussions among stakeholders to reach the best spatial planning outcomes while considering other ecological, social, economic and governance factors.
MOF Derived Ni‐Cu Double Hydroxide Based Self‐Powered Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitor Using Onion Scale as an Effective Bio‐Piezoelectric Separator
Authors: Maity Parna , Maitra Anirban , Ojha Suparna , Mondal Ankita , Bera Aswini , Bera Sumanta , Das Arkapriya , Bhusan Khatua Bhanu
Published: September 2024

Modern electronic devices necessitate the utilization of compact, wearable, and flexible substrates capable of simultaneously harvesting and storing energy by merging traditional energy harvesting techniques with storage mechanisms into a singular portable device. Here, we present the fabrication of a low‐cost, sustainable, all‐solid‐state, self‐powered flexible asymmetric supercapacitor (SPASC) device. This device features MOF‐derived nickel‐copper double hydroxide nanosheets coated stainless steel (SS) fabric sheet (NCDH@SS) as the positive electrode, while manganese dioxide decorated activated porous carbon on SS fabric sheet (MnO2‐APC@SS) acts as the negative electrode. The electrodes are isolated by a PVA‐KOH gel electrolyte, while onion scale, a bio‐piezoelectric separator, ensures effective separation. The self‐charging ability of the device is demonstrated through mechanical deformation induced by finger imparting. This rectification‐free SPASC device exhibits remarkable performance, achieving a charge up to ∼235.41 mV from the preliminary open circuit voltage of ∼20.89 mV within 180 s under ∼16.25 N of applied compressive force (charged up to ∼214.52 mV). Furthermore, three SPASC devices connected in series can power up various portable electronic devices like wristwatches, calculators, and LEDs upon frequent imparting. Our work thus demonstrates an innovative and advanced approach towards the development of sustainable, flexible, and advanced self‐powered electronics.
Unreliable association between self‐reported sense of direction and peripheral vestibular function
Authors: Gerb J. , Brandt T. , Dieterich M.
Published: September 2024

Background

Uni‐ or bilateral peripheral vestibular impairment causes objective spatial orientation deficits, which can be measured using pen‐and‐paper‐tests or sensorimotor tasks (navigation or pointing). For patients’ subjective orientation abilities, questionnaires are commonly used (e.g., Santa Barbara sense of direction scale [SBSODS]). However, the relationship between subjective assessment of spatial skills and objective vestibular function has only been scarcely investigated.

Methods

A total of 177 patients (mean age 57.86 ± 17.53 years, 90 females) who presented in our tertiary Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders underwent neuro‐otological examinations, including bithermal water calorics, video head impulse test (vHIT), and testing of the subjective visual vertical (SVV), and filled out the SBSODS (German version). Correlation analyses and linear multiple regression model analyses were performed between vestibular test results and self‐assessment scores. Additionally, groupwise vestibular function for patients with low, average, and high self‐report scores was analyzed.

Results

Forty‐two patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for bilateral vestibulopathy, 93 for chronic unilateral vestibulopathy (68 unilateral caloric hypofunction and 25 isolated horizontal vestibulo‐ocular reflex deficits), and 42 patients had normal vestibular test results. SBSODS scores showed clear sex differences with higher subjective skill levels in males (mean score males: 4.94 ± 0.99, females 4.40 ± 0.94; Student's t‐test: t‐3.78, p < .001***). No stable correlation between objective vestibular function and subjective sense of spatial orientation was found. A multiple linear regression model could not reliably explain the self‐reported variance. The three patient groups with low, average, and high self‐assessment‐scores showed no significant differences of vestibular function.

Conclusion

Self‐reported assessment of spatial orientation does not robustly correlate with objective peripheral vestibular function. Therefore, other methods of measuring spatial skills in real‐world and virtual environments are required to disclose orientation deficits due to vestibular hypofunction.
Fostering circular economy in small and medium‐sized enterprises: The role of social capital, adaptive capacity, entrepreneurial orientation and a pro‐sustainable environment
Authors: Alcalde‐Calonge Alberto , Ruiz‐Palomino Pablo , Sáez‐Martínez Francisco José
Published: September 2024

This study addresses the challenges faced by small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in undertaking sustainability projects due to limited resources and explores the factors influencing SMEs' adoption of circular economy (CE) practices, an area under‐researched in literature. Analysing data from 205 SMEs in Spain's forest bioeconomy sector using fuzzy sets (fs/QCA), the study finds that internal and external social capital, coupled with adaptive capacity, are crucial influences, particularly when SMEs exhibit an entrepreneurial culture. Conversely, if SMEs do not have an entrepreneurial orientation or the environment is not pro‐sustainable, these three characteristics may lead to low CE adoption. Thus, the study emphasizes SMEs' imperative to cultivate social capital, enhance adaptive capacity, and embrace innovation and risk‐taking to leverage internal and external resources and meet environmental demands, thereby reducing costs and time in adopting CE practices. Additionally, it underscores policymakers' pivotal role in fostering a pro‐sustainable environment, being critical for SME engagement in CE practices.
Factors impacting hospitalisation and related health service costs in cancer survivors in Australia: Results from a population data linkage study in Queensland (COS‐Q)
Authors: Merollini Katharina M. D. , Collins Louisa G. , Jones Andrew T. , Aitken Joanne F. , Kimlin Michael G.
Published: September 2024

Background

The global economic cost of cancer and the costs of ongoing care for survivors are increasing. Little is known about factors affecting hospitalisations and related costs for the growing number of cancer survivors. Our aim was to identify associated factors of cancer survivors admitted to hospital in the public system and their costs from a health services perspective.

Methods

A population‐based, retrospective, data linkage study was conducted in Queensland (COS‐Q), Australia, including individuals diagnosed with a first primary cancer who incurred healthcare costs between 2013 and 2016. Generalised linear models were fitted to explore associations between socio‐demographic (age, sex, country of birth, marital status, occupation, geographic remoteness category and socio‐economic index) and clinical (cancer type, year of/time since diagnosis, vital status and care type) factors with mean annual hospital costs and mean episode costs.

Results

Of the cohort (N = 230,380) 48.5% (n = 111,820) incurred hospitalisations in the public system (n = 682,483 admissions). Hospital costs were highest for individuals who died during the costing period (cost ratio ‘CR’: 1.79, p < 0.001) or living in very remote or remote location (CR: 1.71 and CR: 1.36, p < 0.001) or aged 0–24 years (CR: 1.63, p < 0.001). Episode costs were highest for individuals in rehabilitation or palliative care (CR: 2.94 and CR: 2.34, p < 0.001), or very remote location (CR: 2.10, p < 0.001). Higher contributors to overall hospital costs were ‘diseases and disorders of the digestive system’ (AU$661 m, 21% of admissions) and ‘neoplastic disorders’ (AU$554 m, 20% of admissions).

Conclusions

We identified a range of factors associated with hospitalisation and higher hospital costs for cancer survivors, and our results clearly demonstrate very high public health costs of hospitalisation. There is a lack of obvious means to reduce these costs in the short or medium term which emphasises an increasing economic imperative to improving cancer prevention and investments in home‐ or community‐based patient support services.
Understanding causes of adolescents' ascriptions of peers' dual ethnic and national belonging
Authors: Schlette Anniek , Stark Tobias H. , Smeekes Anouk , Lubbers Marcel
Published: September 2024

Descendants of migrants often feel belonging to the ethnic minority group of their parents and the national group (i.e., dual identifiers). If second‐generation migrants are recognized as members of both groups, they can create social bridges and improve intergroup relations. However, people often ascribe them only minority belonging, thereby not recognizing dual belonging. Following the social identity approach, we examined who ascribes dual belonging to second‐generation migrants and why they do so. We focus on the role of national self‐identification, and endorsing a civic or ethnic conception of nationhood on the ascriptions that national majority members make to their second‐generation peers. We collected sociometric data from secondary vocational school classes in the Netherlands (Nstudents = 397, Nclasses = 36). Findings replicated that many second‐generation migrants self‐identified as dual (69%), but only a small number of dual ascriptions were given to them (15%). Although we found no effects for the hypothesized relations on ascribing only minority rather than dual belonging, national majority members who had a stronger national identification displayed a stronger tendency to ascribe only national rather than dual belonging. This raises the question whether dual identifiers could act as ‘gateway groups’ to improve intergroup relations.
Learn to lead well through visibility
Authors: Freebairn‐Smith Laura
Published: September 2024

It's important for staff members and other key constituents to see you regularly. Visibility plays an important role in leading well.
Developing effective approaches to interpretations can help maintain compliance with NCAA rules
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: September 2024

LAS VEGAS — The art of interpretation plays a key role in ensuring that your athletics department successfully maintains compliance with the complex realm of NCAA rules and regulations.
On the Challenges to Develop Hybrid Faradaic‐Capacitive Electrodes Incorporating a Sacrificial Salt for Lithium‐ion Capacitors: The Case of Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)3‐AC‐Li2C4O4
Authors: Granados‐Moreno Miguel , Arnaiz Maria , Gucciardi Emanuele , Enkubahri Asres Nahom , Goikolea Eider , Ajuria Jon
Published: September 2024

The low capacity of activated carbon (AC) electrodes remains as one of the major limiting factors for the development of high energy density lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs). Hybridization of capacitive AC electrodes by incorporating faradaic materials into the electrode formulation could be performed to enhance the capacity of the overall device. However, this strategy requires an accurate electrode design to maximize the performance. In this work, Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)3 (LVNP) was selected as faradaic material due to its compatibility with AC, showing high capacity, fast ionic diffusion, and relatively high conductivity. Various formulations and mass loadings have been studied to analyze the impact of incorporating LVNP into the positive electrode on the performance of the hybrid electrode. Moreover, for practical LIC applications, a sacrificial salt ‐dilithium squarate, Li2C4O4‐ was included in the hybrid electrode as a pre‐lithiation additive, developing a ternary electrode. The sacrificial salt oxidized releasing lithium ions, while the electrochemical performance of the hybrid positive electrode remained almost unaltered. Finally, a cycle life test combined with a post‐mortem analysis allows understanding the failure mechanisms of the electrode, suggesting the need of further improvements of the electrolyte and electrode‐electrolyte interface to develop long lifetime hybrid faradaic‐capacitive electrodes based on LVNP‐AC active materials.
Intramolecular Pericyclic Re‐hydroboration via Six‐Membered Transition State: Synthesis of Fused Borolo[3,2‐b]siloles
Authors: Tok Oleg L. , Bavol Dmytro , Bould Jonathan
Published: September 2024

We experimentally demonstrate a new type of the intramolecular reaction between non‐activated alkyne units and the dialkylboryl group (9‐BBN), which was previously only hypothesized and studied on a calculational level. The reaction described here can formally be classified as a 1,2‐hydroboration reaction, but, in contrast to the classical mechanism via a cyclic four‐membered transition state, the reaction proceeds by a pericyclic mechanism involving a six‐membered transition state. In practice, the reaction allows the synthesis of a new class of the borolenes fused with silole or dihydrosilole units. Thus, the heating (125 °C) of 2,3‐dihydrosiloles or 2,3‐dihydrosilolo[2,3‐b]silole bearing 9‐BBN and propargyl or dimethylpropargyl groups in positions 4 and 5, respectively, affords, in high to moderate yields, di‐ and tricyclic compounds containing a borolo[3,2‐b]silole unit. In all cases, the reactions are accompanied by an unprecedented dehydroboration of the 9‐BBN fragment, leading, in the final products, to a cyclooct‐4‐enyl group on the boron atom. The effects of the substituents on the rate and the selectivity of the reaction are discussed. The structures of all the new compounds have been determined from HRMS together with multinuclear 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, the results of which are in excellent agreement with DFT calculated chemical shifts.
Empirical prediction on boilover onset and impact for liquid hydrocarbon fire in atmospheric storage tank
Authors: Buang Azizul , Zaaba Muhammad Ameer , Yusof Muhammad Izham Mohd , Manogaran Daneskumar , Hifni Hani Tiara Faihana , Bilad Muhammad Roil
Published: September 2024

Boilover can occur several hours after the fuel in a storage tank caught fire. The delayed occurrence is an unknown strong parameter when managing the emergency response operations. Those managing response operations must be aware of the boilover potential and take the precautions to ensure safety. Modelling the phenomenon enables predicting crucial event features and assists in highlighting safety measures, with a key focus on the ignition‐to‐boilover time interval. This study focused on the predictive empirical tool development aimed at estimating the boilover onset time and consequences. This was achieved through series of small‐scale boilover experiments, followed by validation using cases of boilover incidents. The results revealed a linear relationship between the boilover onset time and the initial depth of fuel. Consequently, an empirical correlation was derived to predict the time to boilover. The developed correlation has demonstrated its ability to offer conservative predictions while also exhibiting agreement with both the observed onset time and consequences of boilover events. The reported time to boilover for the Czechowice‐Dziedzice incident is 1050 min, while the predicted time is 1413.2 min. The model showed reasonable agreement with the Amoco Refinery incident. The predicted boilover time of 811.3 min aligns with the boilover incident, reported as 790 and 925 min, respectively. It is evident that the empirical model can predict the time to boilover to a similar order of magnitude. Certain considerations in the development of effective strategies in handling fire scenario with boilover potentials can be assessed using the predictive tool developed.
Prognostic Impact of Postoperative Recurrence in Patients With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Positive Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Morita Meiko , Ono Akira , Sekikawa Motoki , Doshita Kosei , Miura Keita , Kodama Hiroaki , Yabe Michitoshi , Morikawa Noboru , Iida Yuko , Mamesaya Nobuaki , Kobayashi Haruki , Ko Ryo , Wakuda Kazushige , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Naito Tateaki , Murakami Haruyasu , Isaka Mitsuhiro , Ohde Yasuhisa , Takahashi Toshiaki
Published: September 2024

Background

Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are the most common targetable gene alterations in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In Japan, approximately 40% of patients who undergo surgical resection for non‐squamous NSCLC have EGFR mutations. However, no long‐term studies have been conducted including a large number of EGFR‐positive NSCLC patients with postoperative recurrence (PR).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational study of the data of EGFR‐positive NSCLC patients with PR who had undergone surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center between October 2002 and November 2017. We evaluated post‐recurrence overall survival (PRS) and postoperative overall survival (POS) using the Kaplan–Meier method and identify any associations between the clinical variables at recurrence and PRS using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

We enrolled 162 patients. The median observation time for PRS was 4.95 years (range, 0.82–13.25) and POS was 5.81 years (range, 2.84–16.71). The median PRS was 5.17 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.90–5.61) and POS was 7.07 years (95% CI, 5.88–8.01). Univariate analysis identified male sex (median PRS: 3.32 vs. 5.39 years; p < 0.05), bone metastasis (median PRS: 2.43 vs. 5.33 years; p < 0.05), and central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (median PRS: 3.05 vs. 5.39 years; p < 0.05) and multivariate analysis identified bone metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.01; 95% CI, 1.23–3.28; p < 0.05) and CNS metastasis (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.14–2.98; p < 0.05) as poor prognostic factors. The pattern of recurrence (oligo vs. non‐oligo recurrence) was not a prognostic factor. Logistic regression analysis revealed the association between sex and the presence bone/CNS metastasis at recurrence.

Conclusion

Our data may help visualize future prospects and determine the timing of osimertinib initiation. New treatment strategies need to be developed for patients with bone/CNS metastasis at the first recurrence.
Coordination Chemistry and Reactivity of a Lewis Acidic Di‐Zinc Framework Supported by Bisphenoxymethanone Ligands
Authors: Wu Ding‐Hong , Lin Xin‐Jie , Benchaphanthawee Wachara , Lee Yen‐Hua , Lin Zih‐Chen , Li Han‐Jung , Chen Pei‐Lin , Kuo Ting‐Shen , Wang Chien‐Lung , Wu Yen‐Ku , Peng Chi‐How , Liu Hsueh‐Ju
Published: September 2024

We present the synthesis, structural characterization, and reactivity studies of a tetra‐zinc complex supported by the bisphenoxymethanone ligands and its transformation into various di‐zinc architectures. Our findings highlight the potential of these complexes in molecular recognition, supramolecular chemistry, and catalysis.
Indium‐Iron Oxide Nanosized Solid Solutions as Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Pollutants under Visible Radiation
Authors: Cani Damiano , Cuyvers Timo , Pescarmona Paolo P.
Published: September 2024

A series of solid solutions of indium and iron oxides with different In/Fe ratios (InxFeyO3, with x + y = 2) were synthesized in the form of nanoparticles (diameter of ca. 30–40 nm) with the purpose of generating enhanced photocatalysts with an intermediate band gap compared to those of the monometallic oxides, In2O3 and Fe2O3. The materials were prepared by co‐precipitation from an aqueous solution of iron and indium nitrates and extensively characterized with a combination of techniques. XRD analysis proved the formation of the desired InxFeyO3 solid solutions for Fe content in the range 5–25 mol%. UV‐Vis absorption analysis showed that the substitution of In with Fe in the crystalline structure led to the anticipated gradual decrease of the band gap values compared to In2O3. The obtained semiconductors were tested as photocatalysts for the degradation of model organic pollutants (phenol and methylene blue) in water. Among the InxFeyO3 solid solutions, In1.7Fe0.3O3 displayed the highest photocatalytic activity in the degradation of the selected probe molecules under UV and visible radiation. Remarkably, In1.7Fe0.3O3 showed a significantly enhanced activity under visible light compared to monometallic indium oxide and iron oxide, and to the benchmark TiO2 P25. This demonstrates that our strategy consisting in engineering the band gap by tuning the composition of InxFeyO3 solid solutions was successful in improving the photocatalytic performance under visible light. Additionally, In1.7Fe0.3O3 fully retained its photocatalytic activity upon reuse in four consecutive cycles.
A comprehensive 26‐color immunophenotyping panel to study the role of the gut‐liver axis in chronic liver diseases
Authors: Bruneau Alix , Shevchenko Yaroslava , Tacke Frank , Hammerich Linda
Published: September 2024

The gut‐liver axis includes the bidirectional communication between the gut and the liver, and thus covers signals from liver‐to‐gut and from gut‐to‐liver. Disruptions of the gut‐liver axis have been associated with the progression of chronic liver diseases, including alcohol‐related and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease and cholangiopathies. Immune cells and their expression of pattern recognition receptors, activation markers or immune checkpoints might play an active role in the communication between gut and liver. Here, we present a 26‐color full spectrum flow cytometry panel for human cells to decipher the role of circulating immune cells in gut‐liver communication during the progression of chronic liver diseases in a non‐invasive manner, which has been optimized to be used on patient‐derived whole blood samples, the most abundantly available clinical material. Our panel focuses on changes in pattern recognition receptors, including toll‐like receptors (TLRs) or Dectin‐1, and also includes other immunomodulatory molecules such as bile acid receptors and checkpoint molecules. Moreover, this panel can be utilized to follow the progression of chronic liver diseases and could be used as a tool to evaluate the efficiency of therapeutic targets directed against microbial mediators or modulating immune cell activation.
A compact 6‐shaped high isolation MIMO antenna for 28 GHz 5G applications
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Zikrul Bari , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Hossain Ismail , Samsuzzaman Md
Published: September 2024

This study presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of a novel MIMO antenna for 28 GHz 5G applications. The design includes two compact antennas with dimensions of 12.8 × 12.8 × 1.6 mm3, placed side by side in a symmetrical arrangement. The antenna being considered operates within the 28 GHz frequency range and has excellent characteristics in terms of reflection coefficient, isolation, and impedance matching. The measurements conducted encompassed both single and MIMO setups and focused on important parameters such the reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient, gain, and efficiency. The MIMO antenna exhibited a reflection coefficient of −62.52 dB at a frequency of 27.93 GHz, while the transmission coefficient was found to be −37.23 dB. The antenna attained a gain of 6.02 dB relative to an isotropic radiator (dBi) and exhibited a maximum efficiency of 90.73%, encompassing a bandwidth of 4.45 MHz (MHz). The simulated envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) was found to be less than 0.003, indicating a very low error rate. Additionally, the antenna attained a diversity gain of 9.998 dB. The suggested MIMO antenna is very suitable for 5G applications operating at 28 GHz.
The mechanism of action and chemical synthesis of FDA newly approved drug molecules
Authors: Shen Dan‐Dan , Zhang Yue‐Lin , Li Xiang , Bai Yi‐Ru , Xiong Jun‐Feng , Seng Dong‐Jie , Zhang Yao‐Dong , Liu Hong‐Min , Yuan Shuo , Yang Li
Published: September 2024

In 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved 29 small molecule drugs. These newly approved small molecule drugs possess the distinct scaffolds, thereby exhibiting diverse mechanisms of action and binding modalities. Moreover, the marketed drugs have always been an important source of new drug development and creative inspiration, thereby fostering analogous endeavors in drug discovery that potentially extend to the diverse clinical indications. Therefore, conducting a comprehensive evaluation of drug approval experience and associated information will facilitate the expedited identification of highly potent drug molecules. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the relevant information regarding the clinical applications, mechanisms of action and chemical synthesis of 29 small molecule drugs, with the aim of providing a promising structural basis and design inspiration for pharmaceutical chemists.
From land to deep sea: A continuum of cumulative human impacts on marine habitats in Atlantic Canada
Authors: Murphy Grace E. P. , Stock Andy , Kelly Noreen E.
Published: September 2024

Effective management and mitigation of multiple human impacts on marine ecosystems require accurate knowledge of the spatial patterns of human activities and their overlap with vulnerable habitats. Cumulative impact (CI) mapping combines spatial information and the intensity of human activities with the spatial extent of habitats and their vulnerabilities to those stressors into an intuitive relative CI score that can inform marine spatial planning processes and ecosystem‐based management. Here, we mapped potential CIs of 45 human activities from five sectors (climate change, land‐based, marine‐based, coastal, commercial fishing) on 21 habitats in Atlantic Canada's Scotian Shelf bioregion. We applied an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of results and identify hot and cold spots of CIs. Nearly the entire Scotian Shelf bioregion experiences the CIs of human activities, and high CIs were frequently associated with multiple stressors. CIs varied widely across habitats: CI scores in habitats >30 m deep were dominated by climate change and commercial fishing, while nearshore habitats were influenced by a much wider range of activities across all five sectors. When standardized by area, coastal habitats had among the highest CI scores, highlighting the intensity of multiple stressors in these habitats despite their relatively small spatial extent and emphasizing the importance of a multisector approach when managing coastal ecosystems. Robust hot spots of CIs (i.e., areas with high CI scores that were insensitive to alternative modeling assumptions and simulated data quality issues) occurred mostly in coastal areas where multiple high‐intensity activities overlapped with highly vulnerable biogenic habitats. In contrast, robust cold spots of CI mostly occurred offshore. Overall, our results emphasize the need to consider CIs in management and protection and demonstrates that, in many areas, targeting only one activity will be insufficient to reduce overall human impact. The CI map will be useful to highlight areas in need of protection from multiple human impacts, provide information for ecological indicator development, and establish a baseline of the current state of human use in the bioregion.