bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Military History of Italy
Authors: Paoletti Ciro
Published: August 2024

This book follows Italy's military history from the late Renaissance through the present day, arguing that its leaders have consistently looked back to the power of Imperial Rome as they sought to bolster Italy's status and influence in the world. As early as the late 15th century, Italian city-states played important roles in European conflicts. After unification in 1861, the military would become the nation's unifying force, the melting pot of the state. Italy's industrial and then colonial expansion brought it into the wars of the 20th century. The rise of fascist movement was the disastrous consequence of Italy's desire for colonial and military power, a history that the nation still confronts as it seeks to play a role in world politics.

Wealthy, urban Italy has always had great political, cultural, and strategic importance for Europe. The leaders of its independent city-states intervened militarily in struggles among the European powers to its north and west but also against the expanding Muslim empires to its south and east. Italian culture supported military innovation, developing (for instance) new fortifications and naval organizations. After centuries of division, which limited Italy's power against the larger, unified European nations, the military played an important role in the nationalist unification of the entire country. Rapid industrialization followed, and along with it Italy's forays into overseas colonialism. Italy became a major power, but its turn to militant fascism during its expansionist era continues to haunt its state and military.
The New Nation
Authors: Vickers Anita
Published: August 2024

Most historical studies bury us in wars and politics, paying scant attention to the everyday effects of pop culture. Welcome to America's other history: the arts, activities, common items, and popular opinions that profoundly impacted our national way of life. At the birth of the nation, when America's statesmen were laying the foundations of a new government, citizens were forging a popular culture to call their own. Patriotic symbols like the eagle and the profile of George Washington symbolized the virtues of the young nation. People from all classes—farmers, merchants, and the educated wealthy—turned away from European culture and began to recognize America's own prodigies. Homes, furnitures, fashions, and pastimes sprang from the new climate and topography. The styles, hobbies, and entertainments would evolve into the uniquely American popular culture we recognize today.

Early American artists such as Benjamin West, John Singleton Copley, and Charles Wilson Peale emerged along with original contributions to culture, including: • The first novels for women • The first American music, a unprecedented blend of religious hymns, African tribal music, and folk songs from the Middle Ages • Ninepins and skittles, the forerunners of bowling • Architecture incorporating the classical styles of Greece and Rome.

A wealth of facts, information, and interesting sidelights not available elsewhere makes this a treasure trove for students and interested readers.
Pain Control and Drug Policy
Authors: Faguet Guy B.
Published: August 2024

This book offers an in indictment of the nation's drug enforcement approach focusing on the short-sighted policies that often deny patients suffering from chronic pain the medications they need.

Pain Control and Drug Policy: A Time for Changefocuses on America's national crisis in pain management caused by the widening divergence between the enormous contributions of opioids ("narcotics") to pain management in the clinical setting and the mistaken belief that they are dangerous, highly addictive drugs. After dissecting the strategy and tactics of the War on Drugs from medical, historical, legal, socioeconomic, and geopolitical perspectives, Guy Faguet MD indicts the 40-year-long War on Drugs for having failed to stem the supply of illicit drugs in America despite expenditures of half a trillion dollars, despite violating the basic human right to pain relief of tens of millions of American chronic pain sufferers, and despite fomenting organized crime, government corruption, racial injustice, and social disruption in both the United States and the producer countries. He concludes with a clarion call for the abandonment of the War on Drugs, disbanding the Drug Enforcement Administration, and encouraging Congress to repeal the Controlled Substances Act.

As a clinical and research oncologist responsible for the chronic pain management of thousands of cancer patients over the course of his 30-year career, Dr. Faguet knows that the most effective and safest way to manage most cases of chronic pain is with opioids. All modern pain-management textbooks advocate "titration to effect" in cases where opioids help: that is, gradually increasing the dosage until either the pain is acceptably controlled or the side effects begin to outweigh the pain-relief benefits. Yet the vast majority of doctors don't practice what the medical textbooks teach and instead prescribe opioids very reluctantly and conservatively. As a result, only half of all chronic pain sufferers-and fewer than half of all cancer patients-get adequate pain relief from their doctors. Why do physicians radically undertreat pain that is susceptible to opioid analgesics? They fear that if they prescribe Schedule II opioids in accordance with the professional standards of pain management set by such medical bodies as the American Pain Society, they will be investigated by the DEA, stigmatized, prosecuted as criminals, stripped of their licenses, and sent to jail. Visit Guy B. Faguet, MD's website here: www.faguet.net.
The Phantom Defense
Authors: Eisendrath Craig , Marsh Gerald E. , Goodman Melvin A.
Published: August 2024

In the past four decades, the United States has spent $85 billion pursuing the fantasy of an effective missile defense system to shield our nation against the threat of a nuclear attack. Recent public tests, while less exotic than some of the original Star Wars proposals, were spectacular failures and call into question the whole program's rationale. Neither the land-based system proposed by the Clinton administration, nor the alternatives proposed by earlier administrations, would ever work--regardless of how much R&D money is channeled into the project. Rather than enhancing national security, these doomed efforts would provoke a new arms race and alienate key allies. The authors apply their extensive insiders' expertise to argue that thoughtful diplomacy is the only real answer to meet America's national security goals.

Like President Reagan with his Star Wars program, President Bush has again made national missile defense (NMD) a national priority at a cost which may exceed $150 billion in the next ten years. Defense experts Eisendrath, Goodman, and Marsh contend that recent tests give little confidence that any of the systems under consideration--land-based, boost-phase, or laser-driven--have any chance of effective deployment within decades. The interests of the military-industrial complex and the unilateralist views of the Bush administration are driving NMD, not a desire to promote national security.

Rather than increase U.S. security, the plans of the current administration, if implemented, will erode it. NMD will heighten the threat from China and Russia, alienate key allies, and provoke a new arms race and the proliferation of nuclear weapons, all in response to a greatly exaggerated threat from so-called rogue states, such as North Korea and Iran. Thoughtful diplomacy, not a misguided foreign policy based on a hopeless dream of a Fortress America, is the real answer to meeting Americas security goals. Designed to stimulate interest and debate among the public and policy-makers, The Phantom Defense provides solid facts and combines scientific, geopolitical, historical, and strategic analysis to critique the delusion of national missile defense, while suggesting a more effective alternative.
Physiotherapy interventions in treating patients following total hip arthroplasty: a narrative review
Authors: Ahmed Faruq , Islam Md Shofiqul , Hassan Md Nazmul , Ahmed Md Shahroriar , Nahid Zahid Bin Sultan , Rasel Md Aminul Hoque
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the most common, successful modern surgical intervention in orthopedic practice. Physiotherapy interventions are a major part of patient rehabilitation following THA. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for improving functional outcomes following THA.

Methods

This narrative review was conducted on electronic platforms and databases, including PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL, and EMBASE, using a combination of search terms related to “physical therapy”, “physiotherapy”, “physical exercise”, “physiotherapy intervention”, “hip arthroplasty”, “total hip arthroplasty”, and “hip joint replacement”. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials or clinical trials published in English from 2014 to 2021. Where THA was recognized as the primary concern, and physiotherapy management was one of the treatment options.

Results

The initial search of the databases revealed a total of 77 studies. Of those studies, 19 were selected as potentially meeting the inclusion criteria. Eventually, 10 studies were analyzed for the narrative review’s final conclusions. The evaluations supported the hypothesis that physiotherapy interventions have favorable outcomes for patients with THA.

Conclusions

After reviewing, it has been revealed that physiotherapy can improve physical function, balance, range of motion, muscle strength, and gait pattern following THA.
Pemanfaatan Video Animasi Menggunakan Website Animaker untuk Media Informatif pada Mata Kuliah Cyber Law
Authors: Indriyani Indriyani , Fernando Albert , Mahaputra I Kadek Anugrah Dewa
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki potensi website Animaker sebagai sarana produksi konten pendidikan animasi tentang Cyber Law. Pendekatan penelitian deskriptif dan kualitatif dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Peneliti menggunakan metode Research and Development untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis video animasi pada materi Cyber Law menggunakan website Animaker. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini terutama menghasilkan materi pembelajaran berbasis video animasi melalui situs web Animaker dan mengukur kemanjurannya. Hasil penelitian ini menetapkan bahwa Animaker adalah alat yang ampuh untuk membuat konten berbasis Cyber Law dalam format animasi dan informatif. Dari hasil yang diperoleh, terdapat 3 aspek penilaian yang mendapatkan kategori sangat baik dan 5 lainnya mendapatkan kategori baik. Dengan perolehan nilai 87,5% ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media video animasi berbasis Animaker ini termasuk dalam kategori "Sangat Layak". Media yang dibuat menggunakan Animaker menawan, menyenangkan secara visual, dan sangat mendidik, menjadikannya mode pengajaran yang efisien. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menekankan perlunya otentikasi dan penilaian spesialis untuk menjamin keunggulan dan efisiensi media pembelajaran. Disimpulkan bahwa website Animaker dapat digunakan untuk membuat media pembelajaran animasi berbasis video pada materi Cyber Law. Animaker menawarkan berbagai fitur dan pilihan template yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pembuat video animasi, sehingga memudahkan dalam menghasilkan video pembelajaran menarik yang mudah dipahami siswa
Using creative methods for public health messaging: experiences from an informal settlement in Kenya during the pandemic
Authors: Bowyer Cressida ,   University of Portsmouth, Collins Sophia , Gray Cindy M. , Hughes Erika , Kairu Cynthia , Loh Miranda , Netter Louis , Smith Matt , Warwick Melaneia , West Sarah ,   University of Glasgow,   University of Portsmouth,   University of Portsmouth,   University of Portsmouth,   Stockholm Environment Institute
Published: August 2024

This report provides an overview of Action Against Covid-19 Transmission in Nairobi (ACT Nairobi), a community-based, participatory public health project in an informal settlement of the city. The project sought to leverage citizen science and creative forms of expression to help combat misinformation about Covid-19, and encourage residents to take feasible steps to help reduce the spread of the virus.
Awareness of Colorectal Cancer Screening amongst Residents of Mt. Elgon Sub County, Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Chrispin O Ngwawe. Chrispin O Ngwawe. , Dr Doreen Othero. Dr Doreen Othero. , Dr Guya Benard Dr Guya Benard
Published: August 2024

Globally, Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of mortality with preponderance to low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Awareness of CRC screening remains suboptimal in LMICs. There is lack of empirical studies in Kenya, particularly in Mt Elgon Sub County that have documented the awareness of CRC screening. This study therefore assessed the awareness of CRC screening among residents of Mt Elgon Sub County, Kenya. The cross-sectional study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess the awareness of CRC screening.” From a population of 22,372 adults aged 45-75 years eligible for CRC screening in line with the Kenya Ministry of Health (MoH) CRC screening guidelines, 440 participants were sampled using Taro Yamane’s Equation a statistical formula used to determine sample size when the target population is known. Quantitative data was collected using a pretested researcher administered questionnaire while qualitative data was collected through Key Informants Interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 25, while qualitative data was thematically summarized and analyzed using the NVivo application. Out of the 440 sampled participants, some 402 participated in the study depicting a response rate of 91.4%. The study found that only 19 participants (4.7%) were aware of CRC screening, indicating a significant gap in public health knowledge of CRC screening. Chi-square analysis reported that there was no statistically significant association between socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors and CRC screening awareness. Th respondents in the qualitative survey similarly reported that awareness of CRC screening was low among the residents of Mt Elgon Sub County. These findings therefore underscore the need for targeted public health interventions to enhance CRC screening awareness at the global, national, and county levels.
Sosialisasi Sistem Informasi Pencatatan Keuangan Berbasis Digital bagi Pelaku UKM di Desa Wonreli Pulau Kisar Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya
Authors: Litualy Janet Wilsye , Leunupun Engrith Grafelia
Published: August 2024

In running a business, the success of SMEs is inseparable from the ability to manage business funds. Mistakes in managing funds can threaten the sustainability of SMEs. With good fund management, UKM can detect, prevent and make corrections to the recording of transactions that have been carried out by UKM. Clear accounting information can be obtained by preparing financial reports. For this reason, in an effort to arouse the enthusiasm of UKM players and at the same time to support government programs to create quality entrepreneurs who are able to compete in the Digital Era 4.0, the PSDKU Unpatti accounting lecturer team in Southwest Maluku Regency took the initiative to carry out community service by making activities in the form of system socialization digital-based financial recording information for SMEs in Wonreli Village, Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku Regency. This program is intended so that participants understand SMEs in the Digital Age and have more insight and ability to carry out financial reporting using a digital-based recording information system.
РАЗВИТИЕ НАВЫКОВ ПРОИЗНОШЕНИЯ И АНАЛИЗА У ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА С ФОНЕТИКО-ФОНЕМАТИЧЕСКОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Сабденова  , Қабылбаева
Published: August 2024

Мақалада сөйлеу тілінде фонетикалықжәне фонематикалықжетіспеушілігі бар 5-6 жастағы мектеп жасына дейінгі балалардағы дыбысты айту және талдау дағдыларын дамыту жолдарын зерттеген отандықжәне шет елдік ғалымдардыңой пікірлері мен көзқарастарына теориялықталдау жүргізілген. Мектеп жасына дейінгі балалардыңонтогенезде қарапайым және күрделі дыбысты талдау дағдыларыныңерекшеліктеріне, шешімін таппай келе жатқан мәселелерге шолу жасалған. Осы қателіктердіңалдын алудыңтиімді жолдары мақалада анықталып, көрсетілген. Тақырыптыңөзектілігін айқындай отырып дамытудыңнегізгі жолдары жүйеленіп, жұмыстыңжүру барысына шолу жасалған.Мектеп жасына дейінгі 5-6 жастағы бала дыбысты толықайта және сөздік қоры жеткілікті, сөйлемдерді грамматикалықтұрғыдан дұрыс құра алуы керек. Дегенмен, тілді меңгеру процесі барлығында бірдей қалыпты жүрмейді, сөйлеуініңдамуына кедергі келтіретін бұрмалаушылықтар болады. Баланыңфонематикалықдаму жағдайы дыбыстықталдау дағдыларын меңгеруге әсер етеді. Ауызша сөйлеуде фонемалардыңдифференциациялануы дыбыстардыңалмастырылуы мен араласуына әкеледі. Бұл сөздіңдыбыстыққұрамын талдау мен жинақтау дағдыларын меңгеруге кедергі келтіреді.Фонетикалық-фонематикалықжетіспеушілігі бар (ФФЖ) балаларда фонематикалыққабылдаудыңжетілмегендігі, бір жағынан, балалардыңдыбысты айтуыныңдамуына кері әсерін тигізсе, екінші жағынан, дыбысты талдау және жинақтау дағдыларыныңқалыптасуын баяулатып, қиындатады.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НАВЫКОВ ОБЩЕНИЯ С ОКРУЖАЮЩИМИ ЛЮДЬМИ В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СОЦИАЛЬНО-БЫТОВЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ У УЧАЩИХСЯ С ЛЕГКОЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Абаева  , Аязбаева
Published: August 2024

В статье отражена способы формирования навыков общения у учащихся с легкой интеллектуальной недостаточностью с окружающими людьми в различных социально-бытовых условиях.Трудности формирования навыковобщения, которые испытывают у учащихся с легкой интеллектуальной недостаточностью: ограниченный круг общения, бедный социальный опыт, недоразвитие интеллекта и эмоционально-волевой сферы, отношение к себе, ситуации, связанной собщением, недоразвитие всех компонентов речи (от фонематического до семантического уровней), отсутствие речевой инициативы, дефицитарность речемыслительных средств.Анализ теории и практики формирования навыковобщениясвидетельствует о его существенных недостатках. В меньшей степени уделяется внимание рассмотрению педагогических условий и путей формирования навыков общения при наличии индивидуального развития.

Абаева Г.А.1, Аязбаева А.2,¹научный руководитель, к.п.н, доцент,²магистрант 2курса по специальности7M01902 –Специальная педагогика: Логопедия, КазНПУ имени Абая., г. Алматы, Казахстан
СӨЙЛЕУ ТІЛІ ЖАЛПЫ ДАМЫМАҒАН (ІІІ ДЕҢГЕЙ) МЕКТЕП ЖАСЫНА ДЕЙІНГІ БАЛАЛАРДА ТІЛДІК ҚҰЗІРЕТТІЛІКТІ ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУДА ҚАЗАҚЕРТЕГІЛЕРІНІҢРӨЛІ
Authors: Ибатова  , Қораш
Published: August 2024

Мақалада сөйлеу тілі жалпы дамымаған балалардағы тілдік құзіреттілікмәні мен компоненттік құрамы келтірілген, сонымен қатар тілдік құзіреттілікті қалыптастыруда қазақертегілерініңрөліанықталды. Сөйлеу тілі жалпы дамымаған (ІІІ деңгей) мектеп жасына дейінгі балалардыңбасқа адамдармен қарым-қатынасыныңдамуы төмен, сонымен қатар өзін-өзі бағалау деңгейі төмен болып табылады. Сөйлеу тілі жалпы дамымаған (ІІІ деңгей) мектеп жасына дейінгі балаларда сөйлеу дағдыларын игеру қиын, бұл мектеп жасына дейінгі балалардыңсөйлеуін дамытудыңеңтиімді құралдарын табу қажеттілігі анықталады. Логопедиядағы көптеген зерттеулер сөйлеу тілі жалпы дамымаған балаларда сөйлеуді дамыту мәселелеріне арналғанына қарамастан, бұл тақырып өте өзекті болып қала береді, өйткені мектеп жасына дейінгі балалардыңтілдік құзреттілігін дамыту қиын түрі болып табылады
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯСОДЕРЖАНИЯ ПРОГРАМММ ИНКЛЮЗИВНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КВАЛИФИКАЦИИ (НА ОСНОВЕ ЦЕННОСТНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОГО ПОДХОДА)
Authors: Бахишева  , Калдыбаева  , Кемешова
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются ценностно-ориентированный подход в совершенствовании программ повышения квалификации в условиях инклюзивного образования. Теоретической основой инклюзивного образования являются гуманистическая психология и педагогика, которые объединены в общий подход к проблеме бытия человека – гуманный. В данной работе на основе изучения степени разработанности совершенствования содержания образования в системе повышения квалификации обозначен ценностно-ориентированный подход, как методологическая основа к совершенствованию содержания программ образования педагогов инклюзивного образования. Процесс реализации инклюзивного образования предъявляет высокие требования к педагогу, к его профессиональной компетентности, человеческим качествам. Педагог сегодня помимо сугубо традиционных профессиональных знаний должен иметь современные знания и навыки работы с детьми с особыми образовательными возможностями и их родителями, что, в свою очередь, требует изменения всего компонентного состава и структуры программы курсов повышения квалификации.
СЕНСОРНАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ КАК КОМПОНЕНТ АКТИВИЗАЦИИ РЕЧИ У ДЕТЕЙ С РАССТРОЙСТВОМ АУТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА.
Authors: Байтурсынова  , Калышева
Published: August 2024

В данной статье рассматривается роль сенсорной интеграции в активизации речи у детей с расстройством аутического спектра. Расстройство аутического спектра характеризуется нарушениями в области социального взаимодействия, коммуникации и поведения. Одним из основных симптомов этого расстройства является задержка или отклонение в развитии речи.Статья основана на обзоре научных исследований и практического опыта, показывающих, что использование методов сенсорной интеграции может способствовать активизации речи у детей с расстройством аутического спектра. Статья подчеркивает важность индивидуального подхода к работе с каждым ребенком и учет их особенностей и потребностей. Также отмечается, что сенсорная интеграция должна быть включена в комплексную программу реабилитации и обучения детей с расстройством аутического спектра, так как она способна улучшить адаптивные навыки и повысить эффективность речевого развития.Приведены направления работы на активизацию речевой деятельности с детьми расстройствами аутистического спектра, так же о понятии сенсорной интеграции
ИНКЛЮЗИВТІ САБАҚБЕРУ МЕН ОҚЫТУДА МҰҒАЛІМДЕРДІҢРЕФЛЕКТИВТІ ОЙЛАУ ДАҒДЫЛАРЫН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ ЖӘНЕ ПЕДАГОГИКАЛЫҚТӘСІЛДЕРДІ ПРАКТИКАДА ҚОЛДАНУ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Маханбетова  , Кабдылова  , Рыскулбекова
Published: August 2024

Мақалада мұғалімдердіңрефлексивті ойлау дағдыларын дамыту және инклюзивті білім беруде педагогикалықтәсілдерді тәжірибеде қолдану жолдары көрсетілген. Бұл сонымен қатар білім беру ұйымдарында ерекше білім беру қажеттіліктері бар балаларды оқытуда рефлексивті ойлауға ерекше мән береді. Рефлексия қазіргі мұғалімніңкәсіби іс-әрекетініңқұралы болып табылады, оныңжетістігін қамтамасыз етеді, өйткені әрбір мұғалім кәсіби саладағы өзгерістерге бейімделуі керек, сондықтан оныңөзін және қоршаған әлемді түсінуден тұратын өзін-өзі бағалау дағдылары болуы керек. өзін-өзі жетілдіруге дайын болыңыз. Педагогикалықтәсілдерді таңдаудыңтиімділігін және оны ерекше білім беру
PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DA VIDA COMO ASPECTO LIMITANTE DE MODOS SUBJETIVAÇÃO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE; UMA CRÍTICA AO MANEJO MECANICISTA NA CLÍNICA GESTÁLTICA
Authors: Cunha Gabriela Alcoforado Lopes , Barbosa Giulia Rufino dos Santos , Oliveira Etiane Cristine de
Published: August 2024

O presente trabalho propõe uma análise crítica ao movimento de patologização da vida e as repercussões disso na subjetividade dos sujeitos. Tem com principal objetivo trazer a perspectiva da clínica gestáltica acerca do psicodiagnóstico, explicitando um modo divergente de se enxergar e tratar os conceitos de saúde e doença, priorizando majoritariamente a expressão singular do sentir e a construção subjetiva do sentido de cada vivência, partindo do pressuposto fenomenológico de que,  a forma que se interage consigo e com o mundo é o que indica a possibilidade de um desenvolvimento saudável ou patológico. Utilizou-se o método bibliográfico com articulação de estudo de casos vivenciais.
A (IN)APLICABILIDADE DA LEI DE REPONSABILIDADE FISCAL AO PAGAMENTO DA PROGRESSÃO FUNCIONAL DOS SERVIDORES PÚBLICOS
Authors: Alves Marta Helena Ferreira , Santos Valdivino Passos
Published: August 2024

O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar a (in)aplicabilidade da lei de reponsabilidade fiscal ao pagamento da progressão funcional dos servidores públicos. Para conquistar as respostas da pesquisa o trabalho foi realizado por meio da metodologia do trabalho jurídico. O método de abordagem teórica foi o dedutivo. Para análise dos dados, aplicar-se-á a técnica quali-quantitativa. O resultado obtido foi que o Superior Tribunal de Justiça estabeleceu que não a aplicabilidade da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal nos casos de progressão ao servidor público, uma vez que o diploma legal em questão não proíbe a evolução na carreira do agente público. Isso porque não há qualquer proibição explícita sobre a progressão na LC 101/2000. Concluiu-se que é ilegal negar a promoção de um servidor público, desde que cumpridos todos os critérios estabelecidos por lei, mesmo ultrapassando as restrições financeiras estabelecidas pela legislação fiscal, relacionados aos custos com funcionários de órgão público, considerando que a promoção é um benefício garantido ao servidor público, proveniente de uma lei específica, sendo abrangida na situação específica descrita no item I do único parágrafo do artigo 22 da Lei Complementar 101/2000.
TÉCNICAS CIRÚRGICAS AVANÇADAS EM APENDICITE SUPURADA EM PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS: MANEJO CLÍNICO DE ABORDAGENS MINIMAMENTE INVASIVAS
Authors: Costa Rayssa Mara Ferreira , Maia Mayalu Alane Amaral , Araujo Hugo Gomes , Reis João Paulo Didier , Ferreira Júlia Lopes
Published: August 2024

A apendicite aguda é uma das emergências abdominais mais comuns na infância. A cirurgia, tradicionalmente realizada por laparotomia, tem evoluído com a introdução de técnicas minimamente invasivas, como a laparoscopia. Essas abordagens oferecem benefícios como menor trauma cirúrgico, menor tempo de recuperação e melhor resultado estético. No entanto, a apendicite supurada, caracterizada pela presença de pus no apêndice, representa um desafio adicional para o cirurgião pediátrico, exigindo um manejo cuidadoso e a escolha da técnica cirúrgica mais adequada. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática da literatura foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança das técnicas cirúrgicas minimamente invasivas no tratamento da apendicite supurada em pacientes pediátricos. Metodologia: A revisão sistemática foi conduzida seguindo os critérios do checklist PRISMA. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science para a busca de artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Os descritores utilizados foram: "apendicitis", "children", "laparoscopy", "minimally invasive surgery" e "suppurative appendicitis". Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos originais, pacientes pediátricos, diagnóstico de apendicite supurada e comparação entre laparoscopia e laparotomia. Os critérios de exclusão foram: revisões, metanálises, estudos de caso, pacientes adultos e apendicite não supurada. Resultados: A busca resultou em um número significativo de artigos, que foram analisados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os resultados indicaram que a laparoscopia é uma técnica segura e eficaz no tratamento da apendicite supurada em crianças, com menor tempo de internação hospitalar, menor dor pós-operatória e menor incidência de complicações em comparação com a laparotomia. No entanto, a conversão para laparotomia pode ser necessária em alguns casos, principalmente em pacientes com apendicite perfurada ou com peritonite difusa. Conclusão: As técnicas cirúrgicas minimamente invasivas, especialmente a laparoscopia, representam um avanço significativo no tratamento da apendicite supurada em pacientes pediátricos. Os benefícios dessas abordagens incluem menor trauma cirúrgico, menor tempo de recuperação e melhor resultado estético. No entanto, a escolha da técnica cirúrgica deve ser individualizada, levando em consideração as características do paciente e a gravidade da doença. A conversão para laparotomia pode ser necessária em alguns casos, mas a laparoscopia continua sendo a técnica de escolha para a maioria dos pacientes.
Los objetos y la arquitectura de El enemigo y Salamandra de Efrén Rebolledo
Authors: Morales Orozco Fernando Adolfo
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo aborda dos novelas del escritor hidalguense Efrén Rebolledo. Tradicionalmente abordado como un escritor de corte simbolista y parnasiano, este texto tiene como objetivo analizar El enemigo (1900) y Salamandra (1919) a través de dos herramientas: la construcción de cronotopos, así como la teoría de los objetos y su relación con la cultura material. A través de estos análisis quedará de manifiesto las transformaciones sufridas por la ciudad de México en el tránsito entre los siglos XIX y XX. En este sentido, considero que estas novelas son una muestra de la inquietud que produce la llegada de la modernidad a una sociedad tradicionalista y conservadora como lo es la sociedad mexicana de entresiglos. Al modificar la propuesta de lectura basada en movimientos literarios o en periodos cronológicos, e introducir nuevos conceptos teóricos, considero que es posible darle un nuevo valor a las obras de un escritor que ha sido encasillado solamente como poeta erótico o escritor del decadentismo trasnochado.
Identification of Information and Communication Technologies’ (ICTs) Needs regarding Professional Development and Modern Teaching Methods for Madarassa Teachers
Authors: Mohiman Ata Ul , Ullah Naeem , Zafar Jam Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to analyze, “Identification of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) Needs regarding Professional Development and Modern Teaching Methods for Madarassa Teachers”. The study was survey and descriptive in nature. The QUAN-qual technique was adopted. The explanatory sequential technique was used. The stratified sampling technique was adopted. The 30 students of madarassa, 3 madarassa’s instructors and one Mohtamim from each of 2 madarassas of all 9 divisions of Punjab. The 2 deoband madarassas were equally selected from each division of Punjab. The questionnaire based on Likert scale and interview protocol based on an open-ended item. The validity of questionnaire was ensured through experts’ opinion and reliability of was calculated through Cronbach Alpha using SPSS-20. The study concluded that majority of students of Shahadat ul alia and Shahadat ul almia viewed that ICTs make it easy to ensure online presence, access to internationally trained teachers facilitates learning methods as a modern teaching style. The study recommended that ICT may be included in teachers’ professional development for effective training and learning of Madrassas’ instructors.
The Use of Guess the Word Game in Learning English Vocabularies
Authors: Yuliana  , Antoni Rivi
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the use of the “Guess the Word" game in learning English vocabulary at public elementary school 25 Tambusai. Using a classroom action research design, the study involved 10 fourth-grade students who participated in two learning cycles over four weeks. Data was collected through pre-tests and post-tests, class observations, as well as students’ interviews. The research analysis results in a better improvement in students, vocabulary mastery and pronunciation skills. The majority of students achieved better progress; five students in the range of 55-75 and four students in g a high score in the area of 75-85. In addition, the use of the word game in learning activities also develops students’ confidence and active participation in comprehending new vocabulary. In short, this study concludes that the game "Guess the Word" was an effective strategy for improving vocabulary mastery and developing a fun learning activity.
Keywords : Game; guess the Word;Vocabularies
Elaborating the Derivational Morpheme in Students’ Thesis Acknowledgement in Higher Education
Authors: Eripuddin  , Rahayu Pipit , Kasyulita Evi , Rasyidah Ummi , Manalu Nurapriani
Published: August 2024

The students are still finding difficulties in formatting the sentences in the thesis acknowledgments. This study aimed to find out the types of derivational morphemes and the function of derivational morphemes used in the students’ thesis acknowledgments. This study is qualitative descriptive research. The instrument of this study was the documentation. There were nine acknowledgments of the student’s thesis.  The data were analyzed by using the descriptively characteristic analysis. The result of the data analysis, the researcher found four types of derivational morphemes in the thesis acknowledgment, which are noun derivation, verb derivation, adjective derivation, and adverb derivation. In this study, researchers also found the types of derivation morphemes that are dominantly used and those that are rarely used. Thus, the derivational morpheme should be comprehended by the students to write the acknowledgments academically.
Keywords : Derivational_morpheme; Acknowledgments; Higher_education
Propositions, Concepts, and the Fregean/Russellian Distinction
Authors: Dožudić Dušan
Published: August 2024

In this paper, I deal with recognising an appropriate criterion for distinguishing two competing conceptions of the propositional content among the content realists—the Fregean and the Russellian—especially in connection to some classical proponents of the realist view (Frege, Moore, and Russell). My starting point is a survey characterisation of the two conceptions and the accompanying classification of Russell’s and Moore’s conceptions of the propositional content, which I find problematic on several accounts. I set up a context for my consideration and elaborate on why I find it problematic. My central point is that, given how the classical proponents of propositions understood their respective conceptions, as well as how more recent proponents of propositions (for example, David Kaplan) understood them, one should draw the distinction between the Fregean and the Russellian conception on the grounds of what propositional components do rather than the nature of propositional components (unless, of course, one ultimately reduces the latter to the former).
About Mirza Umerbaqi’s way of life and eternal legacy
Authors: Xurramova Zebiniso ,   Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages.
Published: August 2024

The fact that the 70-year reign of the Shura period left its sad consequences in the history of our country is still more vividly reflected in the sources coming out from the depths of our recent history and the great people behind these sources, their lives, literary heritage - scientific and creative works. In fact, there are many individuals who lived in our coun- try from the beginning of the 20th century to the years of independence and secretly engaged in artistic and scientific creativity. A comprehensive study of the literary heritage of the representatives of this generation serves to enrich the gap in literature and literary studies with rare works, which were turned into an ideological weapon of the Shura period, removed from the real scientific and artistic direction. In particular, the literary legacy of Mirza Umrbaqi occupies a special place in this regard. In addition, the texts written by Mirza Umrbaqi in husnikhat are important and valuable works of calligraphy. This article summarizes the facts of the biography of Mirzo Umrbaqi, who was known as a «qilqalam» calligrapher and a skilled poet in Shahrisabz at the beginning of the 20th century, but after the establishment of the Shura government in Turkestan, he was subjected to various pressures and settled in the city of Samarkand. Preliminary analyzes were carried out from the point of view of textual studies.
Linguistics of literary names in Navoi’s works
Authors: Sharipova Mavluda ,   Turon Zarmed University.
Published: August 2024

In the article, it is proved with relevant examples that artistic arts are the main factor determining the level of the work, the artistic thinking power and skill of the creator, the linguistic tools that create these arts are identified, the opinions are expressed about spiritual, verbal and spiritu- al-verbal arts based theoretically in Eastern literary studies, these artistic arts in the system, the place and importance of literary art is defined, the lexical-artistic features of literonyms in Alisher Navoi’s poetic works are revealed, its literonomic metaphor, literonomic allusion, literonomic tazad, literonomic tasif, literonomic heart, literonomic simil, literonomic tajnis, tajnisi tomm, tajnisi imperfect, the role of tajnisi in the realization of artis- tic arts such as performance is determined, the skill of the poet in creating artistic arts using this literary name is proved with relevant examples, the place in the development of artistic arts is partially defined based on this literary name.
The phenomenon of assimilation in the phonetics of the Uzbek language of Afghanistan
Authors: Samadbek Feada ,   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi.
Published: August 2024

This research presents examples of assimilatory phenomena within the phonetics of the Uzbek language as spoken in Afghanistan. It utilizes both prose and poetic works written in this language to illustrate the various types of assimilation encountered. Specifically, it discusses progressive and regressive assimilation, highlighting instances of sound similarity in discrete segments and the alteration of lateral sounds influenced by surrounding phonemes. In the literary and spoken forms of the Uzbek language in Afghanistan, numerous instances of assimilation phenomena can be observed. However, dialectical variations have received minimal scholarly attention. Although a handful of studies by experts exist, these investigations have encompassed a restricted scope. Consequently, the existing research on dialects is insufficient for comprehensive academic inquiry.
The development of the Uzbek literary language in Afghanistan from the Timurid period to the early 20th century
Authors: Ehsonullah Quvonch ,   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the position of the Uzbek language in Afghanistan from the Timurid period to the beginning of the 20th century. It has been researched that the Uzbek language had many speakers in Central Asia, Movarunnahr, old Khorasan and today’s Afghanistan. It is also researched that the Uzbek language is considered one of the langua- ges with the largest number of citizens in the region and that the speakers of this language had political, cultural, economic and social power in the XIV-XV centuries. During the rule of the Timurids, great attention was paid to the old Uzbek language. The representatives of the Uzbek language gave a high value to their own language along with the Persian-Dari languages, the fact that the Uzbek language had a golden age during the Timurid dynasty, and the state of the Uzbek language after the Timurid dynasty was studied in the article.
Socio-political vocabulary in the epitaph of Kul-tigin
Authors: Abdushukurov Baxtiyor ,   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi.
Published: August 2024

In this article, the semantics of socio-political lexical units campaigns are analyzed. These words had arisen as a result of social system, labor processes of society members, their mutual relations, active involvement in society affairs, international relations, military. Social and political terms of Kultigin inscription are compared with the political terms used in such sources as Turfon texts, memoirs “Oltun yaruq”, “Irq bitigi”, also in the sources of old Turkish language such as “Qutadgu bilig”, “Devonu lughotit turk”, “Khibatul khakayik», “Qisasi Rabghuziy”, as well as, with the political terms used in the old Uzbek literary language through samples of the Alisher Navoi’s works, and the texts of “Boburnoma”, “Shajarayi Turk”. As a result of this study, the process of the language development is described through change and transfer of these terms to the modern literary language; change of the status of the lexemes from high frequent one to archaic one being replaced with the borrowed lexeme, and the role of different factors in this change.
Insights Into the History Of ‘Ali Shīr Navā’ī’s Lyrics of the 1480s (Based on the manuscripts Divāni jadid or Nawādir al-nihāya)
Authors: Madaliyeva Oysara ,   Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Published: August 2024

As ‘Ali Shīr Navā’ī wrote, he is the author of the preface (dibacha) to three of his works – Badāyi‘ al-bidāya, Nawadir al-nihaya and Khazayin al-ma’ani. However, the preface to Nawadir al-nihaya is still not known to Navā’ī studies, and this issue is the focus of attention of those who study the history of the poet’s lyrics. There is also the problem of repeating a number of poems from the first divan of the poet Badāyi ‘al-bidāya in the lists of this divan. In recent years, based on the above two cases, opinions have arisen that the manuscripts called Nawadir al-nihaya may in fact be selected diwans containing the texts of a poem by an author of certain years. This article attempts to find a solution to these issues using the example of two rare manuscripts (The Abu Rayhan Biruni Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences,”: No. 11675, 1995). The author of the study expresses an opinion about the abundance of ghazals in the fields of the list of Nawadir al-nihaya by ‘Abd al-Jamil kаtib, which is not in other manuscripts. The article presents for the first time the ghazals of ‘Ali Shīr Navā’ī, which were possibly written in 1487–1490, especially during the reign of Astrobad.
Linguistic terms used in works of the Karakhanid era
Authors: Sodiqov Qosimjon ,   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies.
Published: August 2024

As scientific sources testify, early and medieval eastern, in particular, Turkic linguistics were significantly ahead in their development of the level of linguistic knowledge in Europe. This is evidenced by the fact that by this period an integral system of linguistic terms had already been formed in the East, a significant part of which was preserved in written monuments of the Karakhanid period. And what is especially noteworthy is that many of them are of Turkic origin. And in this regard, the merit of linguists, historians and literary figures of this period is invaluable. The lion’s share of linguistic terms and requirements for them are inherited by modern Eastern linguistics. However, over time, they nevertheless underwent changes, which affected, first of all, their seman- tics. In particular, they developed polysemy. This article is devoted to the study of the history of the forma- tion and development of Turkic linguistic terms of the Karakhanid period.
Koroglu – Azerbaijan Folk Heroic Epos
Authors: Ibrohimova Aynur ,   Institute of Folklore of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Published: August 2024

The epos “Koroglu” is one of the most magnificent monuments of Azerbaijan folklore. The history of the epos “Koroglu” in Azerbaijan and writing of the poems of this epos according to the facts known to us begins in the first half of the 18th century (Ilyas Musheg from Tabriz, 1972) and at the beginning of the of the 19th century (Andalib Karajadagi, 1804). In its formation and popularization as the epos has the special labor of the folk singers – ashugs (ashug – Caucasian folk poet and singer). In the parts telling about the trips of Koroglu alone or with some daredevils to the enemy cities in the completed plots the ideas of heroism and freedom are sung. The origin of the character Koroglu is connected with the archetype the son of the God in Turkic mythology. Functionally Koroglu expresses the savior of the ethnos.
Kondycja ekonomiczna sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w latach 2008–2009 a problemy rozwoju przedsiębiorczości wiejskiej
Authors: Kłodziński Marek
Published: August 2024

Mimo kryzysu liczba nowo powstałych aktywnych małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce wzrosła zarówno w 2008 jak i 2009 roku. Były to wzrosty znacznie przekraczające średnio roczną stopę wzrostu liczby przedsiębiorstw w latach 2003-2007. Przyczyną takiego stanu rzeczy jest zapewne pomoc unijna dla osób zakładających nowe przedsięwzięcia gospodarcze. Kryzys dotknął najbardziej przedsiębiorstwa duże, a więc te, które są najbardziej powiązane z gospodarką światową. Liderami w rozwoju przedsiębiorczości są nadal województwa: mazowieckie, pomorskie, wielkopolskie, dolnośląskie i zachodniopomorskie. Najniższe miejsca w rankingu zajmują województwa wschodnie, z wyjątkiem Podlasia, które uplasowało się w grupie województw osiągających wyniki zbliżone do średniej krajowej. Na obszarach wiejskich przedsiębiorstwa funkcjonują w znacznie trudniejszych warunkach niż w dużych aglomeracjach miejskich i dlatego istnieje potrzeba stworzenia odmiennych form oddziaływania na rozwój małego biznesu wiejskiego. Z dotychczasowych doświadczeń krajów UE wynika, iż należałoby w Polsce w tym celu stworzyć specjalne programy nakierowane na rozwój przedsiębiorczości wiejskich regionów peryferyjnych. Rodzi to z kolei potrzebę powołania wyspecjalizowanych instytucji zajmujących się wyłącznie przedsiębiorczością na obszarach wiejskich.
Kilka uwag na marginesie seminarium CEAPS i IRWIR
Authors: Fałkowski Jan
Published: August 2024

Seminarium "Płatności, interwencja, rozwój obszarów wiejskich – oczekiwania wobec wspólnej polityki rolnej po 2013 roku", 9 czerwca 2011 r.
Prawo własności i prawo do polowania a odpowiedzialność za szkody łowieckie
Authors: Flis Marian
Published: August 2024

W ostatnich latach pojawiało się wiele kontrowersji dotyczących uwarunkowań prawnych w modelu i funkcjonowaniu łowiectwa w naszym kraju. Obecne rozwiązania prawne w tym zakresie sprawiają, iż prawo do polowania nie jest bezpośrednio powiązane z własnością gruntu, zwierzęta łowne w stanie wolnym stanowią dobro ogólnonarodowe, a ich prawnym właścicielem jest Skarb Państwa. Taka definicja własności zwierzyny jest swoistym podkreśleniem jej znaczenia jako wartości nadrzędnej w systemie środowiska przyrodniczego, jak również jego kształtowania i ochrony. W celu optymalizacji gospodarki łowieckiej w aspekcie zagadnień ochrony środowiska przyrodniczego, prowadzona jest ona w wyodrębnionych terenach administracyjnych, nazywanych obwodami łowieckimi, które wydzierżawiane są kołom łowieckim lub są zarządzane przez odpowiednie instytucje. Jednocześnie kontrowersje budzi prawna odpowiedzialność za szkody wyrządzane przez zwierzynę w uprawach rolnych. Scedowana jest ona na dzierżawców lub zarządców obwodów łowieckich, którzy zobowiązania te pokrywają ze środków własnych, w tym środków uzyskanych z tytułu sprzedaży tusz zwierząt łownych, które z mocy ustawy stanowią ich własność. Taka forma rozwiązań prawnych warunkuje dążenie do optymalizacji prowadzenia gospodarki łowieckiej, z jednoczesnym ograniczeniem kwestii odpowiedzialności za szkody, przez prawnego właściciela zwierzyny w stanie wolnym.
(wystąpienie na otwarcie) JUBILEUSZ 40-LECIA INSTYTUTU ROZWOJU WSI I ROLNICTWA PAN
Authors: Drozd-Piasecka Mirosława
Published: August 2024

(wystąpienie na otwarcie) JUBILEUSZ 40-LECIA INSTYTUTU ROZWOJU WSI I ROLNICTWA PAN
Refleksje związane z 40-leciem IRWiR PAN
Authors: Kłodziński Marek
Published: August 2024

(wystąpienie na otwarcie) JUBILEUSZ 40-LECIA INSTYTUTU ROZWOJU WSI I ROLNICTWA PAN
Recenzja książki Danuty Mierzwy „Przedsiębiorstwo spółdzielcze. Tradycja i nowoczesność”
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej
Published: August 2024

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wrocławiu, Wrocław 2010, s. 252.