bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Characteristics and Identification of Phytophthora Species Causing Gummosis and Root Rot of Citrus in Morocco
Authors: Dalal Boudoudou , Allal Douira , Hamid Benyahia
Published: February 2025

the persistence of diseases such as gummosis and root rot, mainly caused by Phytophthora spp. species, notably P. parasitica and P. citrophthora. These diseases result in symptoms such as leaf wilting, reduced growth, and root rot. However, a detailed characterization of the Phytophthora species involved in these symptoms and their distribution is necessary for the implementation of effective control. The aim of the study is to characterize the Phytophthora species associated with gummosis and root rot of citrus in Morocco, as well as to select the most resistant rootstocks to replace the Sou orange, often used in Moroccan citrus orchards. Fourteen isolates of Phytophthora spp. were identified as P. parasitica and P. citrophthora. Significant differences were observed in mycelial growth and sporulation potential among isolates and culture media used. Isolates also showed variability in their pathogenicity, with some displaying high sporulation and strong aggressiveness on the leaves and branches of rootstocks. The Sour orange appears to be relatively resistant, while Citrange C35
Study of Daily Diffuse Solar Radiation-Estimation Using Empirical Models
Authors: Hamatti Mohamed , Benchrifa Mohammed , Mabrouki Jamal , Elbaz Morad
Published: February 2025

Abstract The growth of world energy demand, the inevitable depletion of fossil fuels, and the environmental deterioration caused by these types of energy, has prompted the development of new, renewable energy sources, ensuring sustainability and environmental protection. The use of photovoltaic solar energy seems to be a necessity for the future. After all, solar radiation is the most abundant energy resource on earth. The amount of energy released by the sun (captured by planet Earth) during one hour could be enough to cover the world's energy needs for a year. To exploit this energy and optimize its collection by photovoltaic collectors, photovoltaic systems need to be correctly dimensioned. This requires a precise and detailed study of the various components of solar radiation. Hence the aim of this work is to develop an empirical model for estimating diffuse radiation on a daily scale, which will make it possible to quantify solar potential. Consequently, the developed model presents satisfactory results, with errors not exceeding 5%.
The Circular Economy and Waste Management in Morocco Toxicological Assessment of Heavy Metals in Different Types of Leachates According to Their Age
Authors: Khabouche Hajar , Agoud Soukaine , Mabrouki Jamal , Slaoui Miloudia
Published: February 2025

Through recycling, reuse, repair, and refurbishing, the circular economy offers a production and consumption paradigm that makes better use of materials, goods, and resources.Using the circular economy has become crucial in Morocco in order to solve the country's mounting environmental issues.Morocco produces about 6.5 million tons of garbage every year from households. The improvement of solid waste collection, transportation, treatment, and recovery is the goal of this initiative. Situated 30 km from Rabat, Oum Azza's controlled landfill is among the biggest in the nation. Established in 2007, it encompasses 110 hectares and receives approximately 1,500 tons of garbage every day from the region of Rabat, Salé, and Kenitra. Morocco's advancements and continuous obstacles in its shift towards a circular economy. To effectively implement circular economy concepts in waste management, further work must be done. The objective of the work is to characterize the three types of leachates based on their age.
Ethical Considerations in Applying AI and Data Science in Education
Authors: Baghavathi Priya S. , Harinderan T. , Rahaman Faiz , Tamilselvi M.
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) by applying Data Science in rapidly moving times, is a pedagogy that shifts and changes administrative aspects in the education sector. These include machine learning and deep learning; hence, these have significantly enhanced data-driven decision-making, although several ethical concerns are emerging. Major key issues within these are algorithmic biases, privacy of students, and lack of transparency within AI-driven decisions. Challenges That Confront Educational Institutions: Lack of quality datasets; overfitting in AI models. Fairness, transparency, and the security of data are enabled through ethical guidelines, which would mean periodic auditing, methods of mitigating bias, and a continuous process of integrating AI in schools by involving stakeholders. Ongoing monitoring will ensure that indeed AI's outcomes could be positive, meeting education-focused objectives coupled with ethics.
AI-Enabled Learning Ecosystems
Authors: Santhana Hari S. , Harine Rajashree R. , Dharani J. , Santhiya C.
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved from a speculative concept into a transformative force impacting multiple domains, with education being one of its most promising areas of influence. The potential of AI lies in creating dynamic, adaptive, and student-centered learning ecosystems that enhance the teaching and learning process. In this chapter, we will delve into how AI can transform education, starting with the concept of AI-integrated smart classrooms that foster personalized and efficient learning. We will explore the use of AI for asset tracking to ensure safety and support inclusive education for students with special needs. Furthermore, the chapter will discuss the integration of AI in design thinking, enhancing creativity and problem-solving skills. We will also examine generative AI's impact on learning, and how AI can revolutionize assessment methods. These discussions, supported by scholarly references, aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI's role in shaping the future of education while addressing associated challenges.
Transforming Student Assessments in the Era of Machine Learning
Authors: Ganesh S. Valai , Suresh V. , Rajakarunakaran S. , Ganesan L. , Suryakumar V.
Published: February 2025

Machine learning algorithms are now being used to improve personalised student assessments in higher education. This chapter examines the benefits and ethical considerations of using these algorithms to develop personalised and customised testing experiences. Through the analysis of vast datasets, machine learning algorithms may offer useful insights into student progress and identify specific areas that require work. This allows educators to customise their teaching methods to meet the individual needs of each student. Nevertheless, the implementation of these technologies gives rise to ethical considerations pertaining to privacy, bias, and openness. This chapter examines the difficulties associated with machine learning in personalised student assessments and proposes creative methods to ensure fair and responsible use. The objective of the discussion is to find a middle ground between utilising the potential advantages of these algorithms and upholding ethical principles, thereby promoting a more efficient and inclusive learning environment in higher education.
Implementing AI to Improve Educational Equity and Outcomes in a Rural School District
Authors: Sarvakar Ketan , Prajapati Dolly
Published: February 2025

This chapter, as outlined by the authors, investigates the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in rural school districts to enhance operational efficiency and educational outcomes. Through a survey-based approach, the chapter evaluates AI adoption and its effects in various educational contexts, focusing on rural schools' specific challenges, such as limited resources and technological infrastructure. Findings reveal that AI can offer personalized learning, boost student engagement, and streamline administrative tasks, thereby supporting a better learning environment despite resource constraints. The study highlights ongoing obstacles, such as inadequate infrastructure and the need for specialized teacher training. Proposed solutions include targeted infrastructure investments, comprehensive training programs, and policy measures to promote AI use in education. By providing insights into AI's benefits, this chapter aims to guide policymakers, educators, and stakeholders on effectively leveraging AI to improve educational equity and outcomes in underserved rural communities.
Medication adherence in patients with carotid artery stenosis before/after enrollment in CARUSO study
Authors: Lanza Michela , Aranzulla Tiziana , Cassinari Antonella , Musumeci Giuseppe , Gaggiano Andrea , Farotto Marianna , Bertolina Carlotta , Bertolotti Marinella , Maconi Antonio , Guagliano Alberto
Published: February 2025

Background: this work analyses the medical therapy adherence of patients enrolled in a clinical study. The primary end- point of this research is to find out if enrolment in a clinical study can improve adherence to antiplatelet and/or lipid- lowering therapy.Materials and Methods: the first 92 asymptomatic patients with carotid artery stenosis ≥50% enrolled in the CARUSO study were considered. Overall baseline “compliance” to anti-platelet treatment was stratified in patients with good, average, and poor adherence.
Results: overall compliance with anti-platelet therapy was good for 66 patients (95.7%) out of 69 patients already under this treatment. A significant correlation between good adherence to pharmacological therapy and the presence of previ- ous cardiovascular events at the time of enrolment: 92.3% (one event), 84.6% (two events), 50% (three events) vs 35.1% of those without events (p<0.001). After 6 months, good adherence was found to extend even to patients with no previ- ous events (p=0.083).
Conclusions: this research showed a positive trend in improving adherence to lipid-lowering therapy (88.3% vs 56.7%, p=0.002) and maintenance of a high level (> 95%) of adherence to anti-platelet therapy, after the enrolment in a clinical study.
On $2$-dominated operators on $\ell_{p}$ spaces
Authors: Popa Dumitru
Published: February 2025

We use the Maurey factorization theorem to obtain a new characterization of

2

-dominated operators on a product of

\ell_{p}

spaces. This new characterization is used to find the necessary and sufficient conditions for some diagonal operators on a product of

\ell_{p}

spaces to be

2

-dominated.
¿De qué hablamos cuando hablamos de derechos humanos? Notas sobre el fin de una acción virtuosa
Authors: Reyes Lobos Maximiliano
Published: February 2025

El artículo comienza reconociendo la creciente preocupación por la fragmentación de las respuestas a la crisis de los derechos humanos y las implicaciones políticas y filosóficas de su clasificación en generaciones de derechos. A continuación, propone un enfoque global de los derechos humanos basado en tres aspectos: disposiciones, criterios y sensibilidades. Este modelo, centrado en la dignidad humana, permitiría interpretar y aplicar los derechos con mayor eficacia, teniendo en cuenta tanto su universalidad como las circunstancias contextuales. Aunque esta propuesta está sujeta a ciertas limitaciones filosóficas, su enfoque en la dignidad evitaría la sobrecategorización de los derechos, a la vez que favorecería su comprensión y aplicación a la luz de la reflexión sobre la propia existencia, los aspectos normativos que la orientan y cómo interpretamos estas cuestiones de cara a la justicia y el bien común.
Instructional Planning and Performance Assessment Related Pedagogical Competencies Required of Office Technology and Management (OTM) Business Education Graduates
Authors:   Department of Business Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki., A. Igboke Dr. Stephen , Emezanena IDELE, Fredrick ,   Office Information and Management, Delta State University of Science and Technology
Published: February 2025

The study was carried out to determine the instructional planning and performance assessment related pedagogical competencies required of Office Technology and Management (OTM) business education graduates from public universities in South South Nigeria. Two specific purposes, two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Descriptive survey research design was used. The population of the study comprised two hundred and thirty-two (232) Business Educators (110 males and 122 females) in 13 public universities in the study area, out of which eight (8) are owned by the Federal Government and five (5) by state governments. The entire population was used because of its manageable size. The instrument for data collection was a 4-point rating scale questionnaire developed by the researchers. The instrument was validated by three experts and was further tested for reliability using Cronbach Alpha method. It yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.73. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while t-test statistic was used to test the research hypotheses at 0.05 confidence level. Results indicate that instructional planning and performance assessment related pedagogical competencies are required of OTM business education graduates. Also, there were no significant differences in the mean ratings of male and female respondents on the instructional planning and performance assessment related pedagogical competencies required of OTM business education graduates respectively. It was recommended, among others, that institutions offering OTM business education programme should inculcate in their students these pedagogical competencies and provide ample support and resources to enable the students acquire these competencies adequately so that they can be more effective in instructional delivery and performance assessment.
Water Ethics for sustainable Rural Community-Based Water Service Systemin Malang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Effendy Rochmad , Satriya Bambang , Sadhana Kridawati
Published: February 2025

The sustainability of rural-based water services for villagers is typically determined by technical operational factors of the service. These factors encompass the production and distribution of water to end users, themanagement of financial records, and the availability of managerial competence, environmental awareness, and social community support. The objective of this qualitative study is to elucidate the factors that contribute to the sustainability of the villagewater service system administered by the water users association. The data presented herein was collected through a combination of in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation with informants from the management of the association and the head of the Association of Water Users in Malang City. The findings revealed that the management of water users associations prioritizes the utilization of water for the social welfare of residents, particularly the economically disadvantaged, over the pursuit of financial gain for the institution. This approach is exemplified by the exemption from water pipe installation and monthly subscription fees for houses of worship, along with the provision of discounts ranging from 25 to 50 percent for economically disadvantaged households seeking to install water pipes. Moreover, the management establishes a more inexpensive subscription rate in comparison to that of the local government-managed drinking water company. Moreover, a portion of the profits from water management are allocated to enhance the social welfare of residents. The ethical norm of water for the common good is a determining factor in the sustainability of water services. This commitment is further reinforced by the values of sincerity, volunteerism, and a genuine concern for enhancing the well-being of residents.
Career Development of Indonesian Army Officers at the Korem 022/Pantai Timur Pematang Siantar
Authors: Daniel Andri , Ngarawula Bonaventura , Wiyani Wahyu
Published: February 2025

The research aims to describe and analyze the implementation of career development for TNI AD officers at the officer level based on Kasad's Decree Number Kep/462/VIII/2021 dated 4 August 2021 concerning career development for TNI AD officers within Korem 022/Pantai Timur Pematang Siantar as well as analyzing supporting factors and Barriers to Career Development for TNI AD Officers at the Officer Level based on Kasad Decree Number Kep/462/VIII/2021 dated 4 August 2021 concerning Career Development for TNI AD Officers in Korem 022/Pantai Timur Pematang Siantar. Based on the facts and phenomena obtained in the field, thefollowing research results were obtained: The process of dismissal, appointment and transfer of positions at Korem 022/Pantai Timur is formally based on structured guidelines, with an emphasis on officer performance and competency. However, in implementation, social factors such as litigation as well as practical constraints such as limited resources and environmental adaptation still influence decisions, even though transparency and objectivity are sought. In promotions, the implementation of a meritocracy-based performance evaluation system, supported by multi-layered verification mechanisms and fair assessments of all officers, including those in remote areas, will increase transparency, trust and effectiveness in the promotion process in Korem 022/Pantai TimurEducational selection is the main key in the officer career development process at Korem 022, which ensures that promoted officers meet the technical, leadership and physical and mental readiness standards required to occupy strategic positions.Supporting factors such as welfare, moral support, discipline and overall technical skills support the success of officer career development at Korem 022/Pantai Timur. And difficulties in policy, budget, physical and mental readiness, as well as geographicalchallenges together hinder officer career development.
Policy Implementation Analysis of Restrictions on Participatory Planning Proposals in Development Planning Consultation
Authors: Wahyudianto Idris , Sholahuddin Agus , Widjajani Roos
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the policy of Limiting Participatory Planning Proposals in the Development Planning Conference (Musrenbang), as well as to identify supporting and inhibiting factors based on the Circular Letter of the Head of Bappeda of Malang Regency. The research was conducted in Kasembon Village, Bululawang Subdistrict, Malang Regency. The data analysis technique in this research uses descriptive analysis. The findings show that implementing the policy limiting participatory planning proposals in Kasembon Village based on the Circular Letter of the Head of Malang Regency Bappeda has fulfilled communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure indicators. The main obstacles include the lack of direct socialization, limited technical capacity, community pressure to accommodate more than 10 proposals, and suboptimal coordination. Supporting factors include clear policies, Regional Government Information System(SIPD)application, and commitment of implementers. Efforts to improve communication, technical capacity, and coordination are needed to support the success of this policy. The study results are expected to provide input for 33 sub-districts in Malang District to organize Musrenbang more effectively per the policy.
Public Service Innovation through the E-Dayoh Application (Digital Guestbook) in Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency
Authors: Rulanda Getha , Hariyanto Tommy , Ndung Yustina
Published: February 2025

This paperdiscusses the implementation of public service innovation through the E-Dayoh application as a digital guest book in Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency. This research aims to utilize the impact of implementing E-Dayoh on the effectiveness and efficiency of public services and to produce government innovation policies regulated in Government Regulation Number 38 of 2017 concerning Regional Innovation. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The informants for this research are local government officials, public service officers, and service users. The data obtained was analyzed using the interactive analysis technique Milles,Huberman and Saldhana to identify the main focus related to public service innovation. The research results show that the implementation of E-Dayoh makes it easier for the public to access services, speeds up the administration process, and increases thetransparency of guest data management. However, there are challenges in terms of disseminating the application to the public as well as the need for training for officers in utilizing technological information. Apart from that, the success of the innovation in using the Digital Guest Book is supported by the commitment of the Kanigoro District government and the active participation of residents in using e-dayoh. Thus, the application of E-Dayoh innovation in public services is a response to the growing needs of society.This research can be a reference for further policy making and encourage other innovations in the context of public services in other regions. Apart from that, these findings also provide recommendations for application development by involving all stakeholders to maximize the positive impact of this innovation.
Impact of 2013 Tariff Billing Reforms on Economic Efficiency in Bwari Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja
Authors: Vongjen Iliya Haruna , Ihuoma Dr. Anthony , AC-Ogbonna Dr. Chris
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the economic inefficiencies arising from the Abuja Electricity Distribution Company's (AEDC) estimated billing practices for non-metered electricity consumers in Bwari Area Council, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The study explores the adverse impacts of these practices on household incomes, small business performance, and consumer trust through the lens of the neoclassical economic theory of efficiency, consumer behavior, and the modern theory of electricity demand. The findings highlight that inaccuracies in estimated billing practices disproportionately affect economically vulnerable groups, thereby hindering local economic stability.Employing a mixed-methods approach that integrates quantitative and qualitative data with content analysis, the research uncovers significant challenges associated with AEDC's estimated billing system. Overbilling and billing unpredictability not only erode consumer financial stability but also impair the operational efficiency of micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). These inefficiencies exacerbate inequality, amplify socio-economic pressures, and fuel widespread consumer dissatisfaction.
Harmonizing Education: A Case Study on the Constructive Alignment Approach to Crisis in Teacher Education Curriculumand Licensure Examination Competencies
Authors: B. Banjal Earshad , V. Berame Frances Jay , Elesio John Mart
Published: February 2025

This qualitative research examined how teacher education program coordinators address the misalignment between the teacher education curriculum and licensure examination competencies through the Constructive Alignment Approach, focusing on the intended learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities, and assessment methods. Through an in-depth interview with these coordinators from tertiary institutions who were selected through a purposive sampling technique, several themes emerged on how program coordinators deal with this crisis. The findings of this study highlight the multifaceted challenges encountered by the program coordinators that include misalignment of learning outcomes and standards due to conflicting directives, outdated and fragmented curriculum content, resource limitations, ineffective assessment methods, and difficulties in syllabus alignment. To address these issues, coordinators employ strategies such as prioritizing educational standards, continuously reviewing and revising curricula, seeking external assistance to fill resource gaps, tailoring assessments to better reflect competencies, and fostering collaboration among faculty members. They also adopt proactive and adaptive approaches by staying updated with policy changes, leveraging data and feedback for curriculum improvement, involving stakeholders in curriculum design, and promoting continuous professional development through training and expert consultations. We recommend a joint CHED-PRC-higher institution committee be organized to harmonize specifications and guidelines using constructive alignment to improve coherence and licensure exam preparation. Program coordinators must adopt flexible, feedback-driven curriculum reviews, engage in professional development, and update assessments to ensure relevance and alignment with evolving educational standards, while future researchers should explore comparative studies across board courses.
Teacher Leadership and Collaboration in Leading Curriculum Innovation: A Case Study on Effective Practices
Authors: Ainin Jamela , Tampus Maria Gloria , Eliseo John Mart
Published: February 2025

This case study investigates the role of teacher leadership and collaboration in facilitating curriculum innovation within the educational settings of Davao de Oro and Davao City. The research focuses on the effective practices that improve educational outcomes and how teacher collaboration and leadership drive curriculum reform. The study is guided by three key objectives: exploring teachers' lived experiences in implementing curriculum innovations, identifying coping mechanisms to overcome the challenges associated with curriculum changes, and uncovering insights and strategies that support curriculum reform. The study also seeks to address three central research questions regarding the challenges teachers face in implementing new curriculum practices, the strategies they use to cope with these challenges, and the lessons they have learned that can guide future curriculum innovations. Theoretical grounding for this study is provided by Transformational Leadership Theory, which emphasizes the role of leaders in creating an environment that fosters creativity, collaboration, and innovation. The theory underscores the importance of teacher leaders in driving educational change and promoting cooperative practices. This research employed a qualitative-case studyapproach, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather data from six public master teachersin the Department of Education, who were selected based on their extensive experience in teaching and leading curriculum initiatives. Thematic analysis was employed to interpret the data, allowing for an in-depth understanding of how teacher leadership and collaboration contribute to successful curriculum innovation. The findings highlight key strategies used by teachers to overcome challenges and provide valuable insights for educators and administrators seeking to foster a culture of curriculum innovation in schools. By documenting the practices of effective teacher leaders, this study contributes to the broader understanding of how teacher collaboration and leadership can drive meaningful curriculum reforms in diverse educational contexts.
Case report: adverse drug reaction due to ciprofloxacin - a case of fixed drug eruption
Authors: S Naga subrahmanyam , S Indu Harini , M Swathi , D Roshin
Published: February 2025

A 45-year-old female presented to the dermatology department with complaints of uterine itching and a burning sensation during micturition. Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BD was prescribed to alleviate the symptoms. However, within two hours of initiating treatment, the patient developed red lesions on her right forearm and left hand, associated with fluid-filled lesions on an erythematous base. Ciprofloxacin was identified as the causative agent of this adverse drug reaction (ADR). Given the potential severity of ADRs associated with Ciprofloxacin, it is crucial to closely monitor patients for early signs of reactions. Early recognition, prompt dechallenge, and effective management strategies are necessary to ensure patient safety.
Characteristics and Geological Significance of Middle and Late Triassic Bivalve Fossils in Ali Zada County,Tibet
Authors:   Military-Civilian Integration Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, HUANG Yunchuan , DAN Zhencidan ,   Military-Civilian Integration Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, ZHAO Yongxin ,   Military-Civilian Integration Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, WANG Maozhou ,   Military-Civilian Integration Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, CHEN Jiaqi ,   Military-Civilian Integration Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey
Published: February 2025

Zada County is located in the Zada Basin in the southwest part of the Tibetan Plateau, which is located between the Himalayan Mountains and the Ayira Mountains. The Zada Basin is generally distributed in a NORtheast-to-southwest direction, which is consistent with the northeast-to-southeast tectonic line of the western Himalayan region. It belongs to the tectonic movement product of the collision, subduction and splice convergence of the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate at the end of the Cretaceous period. The structural form. and structure pattern are relatively complex. The basement strata of the basin are mainly Mesozoic Jurassic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, including limestone, sandstone, mudstone and shale, and some pre-Mesozoic strata. The overlying strata are mainly Palaeogene-Quaternary fluvial lacustrine sedimentary rocks. The whole middle-late Triassic and even early Jurassic strata are relatively complete, the sedimentary phase transition rhythm is clear, and there are a large number bivalve fossils. The assemblage and distribution characteristics of these bivalve fossils can directly or indirectly reflect the characteristics of environmental changes such as ancient ocean and climate, etc. With the changes of the paleo-ocean and paleo- environment, bivalves are more sensitive to these slight changes in the environment, which are reflected in the biological characteristics of bivalve shell growth patterns and the diversity of combinations (growth grooves or radiating ridges) . Therefore, during the growth process of bivalves, these environmental and climate characteristics will be indirectly recorded in itself, and different environments can correspond to different growth characteristics, that is, different growth patterns reflected on the shell. The growth rate, shell shape and shell pattern of bivalves are more or less closely related to the sea temperature, salinity, climate characteristics, redox conditions, water depth, light and other factors at that time. According to the stratigraphic sequence characteristics from the Mid-Late Triassic to the Early Jurassic in Zada County, we find that this stage includes the complete process from the end of the Middle Triassic transgression to the late Triassic regressive to another transgression in the Early Jurassic, which corresponds to the information of the paleo-marine environment reflected by the characteristics of bivalve fossils
Analysis of Non-Disassembly Diagnosis Technology for Leakage of Transformer Oil Pillow Capsules
Authors:   State Grid Qinghai Ultra High Voltage Company, ZHANG Guodong
Published: February 2025

The oil immersed transformer body is immersed in oil, and the entire body is in a sealed state filled with oil. Affected by temperature changes, the thermal expansion and contraction volume changes of transformer oil need to be buffered, and the decrease in oil caused by leakage needs to be supplemented. An oil pillow should be installed above the transformer body. The capsule communicates with the outside air through a respirator, and the internal air pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure. When the oil expands and contracts, the airbag contracts and expands, and the respirator exhales and inhales to maintain the balanced oil level inside the transformer. A new discovery in the inspection process of transformer oil pillow capsules has been summarized and analyzed in the domestic transformer capsule leakage inspection methods. Three effective oil pillow capsule leakage inspection methods have been summarized, including cotton swab bottom oil detection, static pressure holding test, and micro positive pressure holding gas inspection. The combination of these three methods can accurately diagnose whether the capsule leaks without dismantling and lifting it out, avoiding complex oil treatment on site and improving work efficiency.
Recycling Intentions Among Karachi's University Students: An Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Approach Considering Convenience and Consumer Innovativeness
Authors: Ahmed Arsalan , Rashid Sara
Published: February 2025

Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan is facing the challenge of urban waste disposal. This makes academicians study the reasons for poor recycling culture and behaviour in Pakistan. The objective of this study is to analyse the factors impacting consumer recycling behaviour in urban households. This study integrates the extended TPB model with the Diffusion of innovation theory to investigate the influence of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, environmental concern, and packaging attributes on consumer recycling intention. Additionally, it also seeks to check the moderating role of convenience and consumer innovativeness between recycling intention and recycling behaviour. The hypothetico-deductive approach was used to test the conceptualized hypotheses based on TPB and DOI theory. Non-probability convenience sampling method was used and data was collected via internet-administered questionnaire from 639 participants comprising of university students in Karachi. The data has been analysed using Smart PLS version 4. Path analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) have been further used to analyse the direct and moderating relationship between the variables. The results of this study confirmed a strong influence of the determinants of the extended TPB model on consumer recycle intention. Consumer innovativeness was found to have a positive significant impact on the relationship between recycling intention and behaviour, while convenience was found to insignificantly moderate the relationship between recycling intention and behaviour. The research findings can be used by the government in making policies relating to waste collection and creating awareness campaigns highlighting the advantages of recycling and sustainable consumption behaviour, with same can be applied to educational institutions for curriculum designing. Moreover, marketers can enhance recycling behaviour through innovative sustainable packaging and proper recycling mechanisms. Certain initiatives on a public and private level relating to environmental awareness can greatly enhance the frequency of household recycling waste.
Keefektifan Konseling Kelompok Realita Dimensi Bernalar Kritis untuk Mengurangi Burnout Belajar Siswa SMP Pasca Pandemic
Authors: Sholihah Hana Wilda , Atmoko Adi , Ramli M.
Published: February 2025

Burnout belajar yang dialami siswa SMP pasca-pandemi menghambat motivasi dan prestasi akademik siswa. Motivasi yang rendah sangat berpengaruh dalam peningkatan prestasi dan kemauan belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan realita dimensi bernalar kritis dalam mengurangi burnout belajar siswa SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen semu (Quasi Experimental Design) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah 10 siswa kelas VIII D SMPN 1 Kalitidu, yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: eksperimen dan kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan skala burnout belajar dan dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan signifikan pada tingkat burnout belajar siswa setelah intervensi, dengan nilai Z = -2.023 dan signifikansi 0,043 (p < 0,05). Konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan realita dimensi bernalar kritis efektif mengurangi burnout belajar siswa SMP pasca-pandemi. Penelitian ini membuka peluang pengembangan program konseling serupa di sekolah lain untuk mengatasi burnout belajar sehingga dapat memotivasi belajar siswa.
Supply Chain Of Fresh Fruit Bunches From Independent Oil Palm Farmers
Authors: Sarkum Sumitro , Harahap Arman
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is to determine the supply chain losses caused by fluctuations in the selling price of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB).  The method used is to conduct direct surveys with palm oil Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) traders and end consumers at Palm Oil Mills in nine sub-districts in Labuhanbatu Regency.  The planned number of samples to be interviewed is 800 respondents, consisting of 784 Collecting Traders and 16 SMEs, with a total of 256 respondents successfully interviewed.  The research results explain the factors influencing the fluctuation of TBS purchase prices at the supplier level, namely the lack of transparency in TBS selling prices from Palm Oil Mills to traders and from traders to farmers.  The findings also suggest that the local government should establish a special institution that can provide information on palm oil prices released by the government through the North Sumatra industry office. In addition, we recommend that the North Sumatra government involve district governments and other stakeholders in the context of the triple helix in sustainable development, considering the imbalanced needs and productivity in implementing national strategic programs.  The next research question is about the sustainability of small-scale oil palm farmers, considering the continuous growth of oil palm.  Policymakers in key stakeholder institutions need to design strategies to manage global disruptions in palm oil trade, particularly by involving farmers in national strategic programs, one of which focuses on concentrating development on palm oil downstreaming.
Analyses of Requirements Established to Be Used for Design of a Test Workplace for Simulation of The Space Environment
Authors: DVORAK Josef
Published: February 2025

In this paper the author presents a part of results of the student teams projects elaborating the same assignment from industrial partner. The goal of the project was to design a workplace for testing parts for space (a modular vacuum chamber for simulating the space environment, a thermal unit including control with the help of a display and a pumping system including control) including handling of tested parts, testing progress, material flows, storage before and after testing, processing of test results etc. Part of the project is to design a suitable workplace configuration with regard to production costs, production difficulty, product quality and service life, work safety, ease of use, etc. A design study (visualization of the workplace), construction study and price balance were prepared for the system. It also includes a marketing market strategy. Design of the entire functional system was designed to meet all specified requirements.
COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR: Necessidades e motivação em relação a produtos e serviços
Authors: Mendes Gabriel Alves , Almeida Leandro Gabriel Martins de , Machado Cláudia Aparecida , Campos Gevair , Santos Lidiane Campos dos
Published: February 2025

O estudo aborda o comportamento do consumidor e sua influência nas decisões de compra. A concorrência é vital para incentivar a inovação e melhorar a qualidade dos produtos e serviços. A compra propriamente dita envolve várias etapas que o consumidor passa antes, durante e após a aquisição do produto ou serviço. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa buscou responder a seguinte problemática: Como identificar e atender as necessidades ocultas dos consumidores? Para responder esta questão, foi-se estabelecido como objetivo geral: maximizar a eficácia das estratégias de inovação, aumentando a competitividade e o sucesso da empresa a longo prazo. A pesquisa foi de natureza aplicada exploratória sendo realizada por meio de um questionário estruturado, qualitativo para pessoas aleatoriamente. Os resultados fornecem conhecimentos valiosos sobre o comportamento de consumo e atitudes, enfatizando a influência pessoal, o boca a boca, a importância de uma oferta competitiva e do atendimento de qualidade, bem como a responsabilidade do consumidor na escolha de produtos adequados.
Enhancement of near-inertial waves by cyclonic eddy in the northwestern South China Sea during spring 2022
Authors: Chen Qi'an , Xu Hongzhou , Wang Dongxiao , Hong Bo , Liu Chunlei , Zhang Zheyang , Jiang Huichang , Song Wei , Long Tong , Wang Ling , Liu Sumin , Chen Rongjie
Published: February 2025

Abstract. By analyzing dataset derived from four moorings during spring 2022, this study provides direct evidence that near-inertial waves (NIWs) can be largely enhanced by a passing cyclonic eddy (CE) in the northwestern South China Sea. Results show that the enhancement of NIWs mainly occurred at north side of the CE due to asymmetry of eddy structure. In vertical, the enhancement concentrated at above 200 m and reached peaks at around 100 m. Significant energy transfer rates between the CE and NIWs appeared at the same depth of the enhancement that can reach up to 6×10-10 m2/s3 at the CE’s edge. Under impact of the CE, power of the first five NIWs modes were promoted significantly and dominated by the second and third modes. Overall, the CE transferred energy to NIWs before near-inertial kinetic energy reaching its peaks, while NIWs gave energy back to the CE after the peaks.
Impact of extratropical cyclones on coastal circulation in a semi-enclosed bay within the Humboldt Current System
Authors: Contreras-Rojas Josse , Mardones Piero , Sobarzo Marcus
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study examines the hydrodynamic response of the Gulf of Arauco, a semi-enclosed bay within the Humboldt Current System, to the passage of extratropical cyclones and their associated changes in wind patterns during the austral winter. Characterization of these cyclones over central Chile and their effect on the gulf's meridional wind was conducted using ERA5 atmospheric pressure fields in conjunction with a cyclone tracking algorithm. The hydrodynamic response was assessed through acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations at two strategic sites, providing valuable insights into the currents at the gulf's connections with the open ocean. Measurements were conducted from July to September 2016 and May to July 2018. Additionally, the main modes of subtidal current variability were compared with the local wind through coherence wavelets, revealing a direct influence of cyclones on the modulation of the gulf's currents. Our findings suggest that intense northerly wind events, associated with the passage of extratropical cyclones, can cause surface water transport into the gulf, accumulating at the gulf's head. This would result in a pronounced pressure gradient, driving a water outflow through both connections with the open ocean, thereby altering the coastal circulation patterns. As the northerly wind decreases, the surface inflow in the northwest region attenuates, allowing the water to exit at shallower depths. This mechanism suggests cyclones play a vital role in renewing the waters of semi-enclosed bays such as the Gulf of Arauco, potentially reducing the water residence times. Consequently, these insights provide a broader understanding of wind-driven coastal dynamics, highlighting their significant impacts on marine ecosystems and coastal management in similar semi-enclosed bays globally. By contributing to the broader knowledge of the interaction between atmospheric and oceanic processes in coastal regions, this research offers a comparative perspective applicable to other regions affected by similar atmospheric phenomena.
Documentación histórica y resolución de conflictos de delimitación de los espacios en el ámbito territorial castellano
Authors: Baró Pazos Juan
Published: February 2025

La documentación histórica es un elemento más y de valor decisivo en la formación de la jurisprudencia de los tribunales en materia de delimitación de los espacios territoriales. Los conflictos habidos por este motivo a lo largo de la historia traen causa de unos límites de propiedad deficientemente definidos. Esa deficiente definición se extiende también a los límites de jurisdicción entre las distintas entidades territoriales. Avalados por su tradicionalidad, los libros de apeos entre jurisdicciones que se conservan contienen la información precisa para la resolución de los conflictos por la vía judicial institucionalizada, o por las vías alternativas de la justicia arbitral. Ante la falta de apeos, la doctrina jurisprudencial admite la validez de otros documentos históricos, que aun no siendo de deslinde, pudieran aportar información de los límites entre los territorios.
Para la consulta de toda esta documentación resulta imprescindible el acceso a los archivos. En la valoración e interpretación de los documentos que en ellos se custodian, cabe significar la aportación del historiador del derecho, cuya labor convenientemente asistida por las ciencias auxiliares, viene en auxilio de los órganos jurisdiccionales que en la actualidad deben resolver este tipo de conflictos que tienen suorigen en la historia. Y tratándose de una cuestión con estrecha vinculación histórica, los tribunales de justicia y la doctrina del Consejo de Estado y de los correspondientes consejos consultivos autonómicos, inciden en la importancia de esta documentación como fundamento de las sentencias que resuelven los conflictos que enfrentan a las distintas jurisdicciones.
Las Ordenanzas del Consulado de Bilbao: su difusión por España y América
Authors: Serna Vallejo Margarita
Published: February 2025

A diferencia de lo que había sucedido con las ordenanzas consulares bilbaínas del siglo XVI, las de 1737 superaron muy rápidamente el estricto marco de la institución en cuyo seno se habían elaborado y adquirieron vigencia en otros consulados, así en la Península como en las Indias. Y tanto en algunos de los consulados más antiguos establecidos con antelación a la redacción de la normativa de 1737, como en los posteriores a esta fecha. En esta ocasión nos ocupamos del análisis de lo que sucedió con las anteriores ordenanzas generalistas consulares bilbaínas del siglo XVI y del estudio de las distintas situaciones en las que el texto de 1737 alcanzó aquella divulgación tan amplia tanto en la metrópoli como en ultramar. De manera que con este planteamiento constatamos el retraso con el que el derecho del Consulado de Bilbao se incorporó a la tradición normativa consular de la Monarquía en los primeros siglos de Época Moderna,a diferencia de lo que sucedió ya en el siglo XVIII con el texto de 1737 que adquirió vigencia en todos los territorios de la Monarquía en un breve plazo de tiempo.Las fuentes utilizadas para este análisis han sido fundamentalmente normativas y bibliográficas, aunque ocasionalmente también se ha recurrido a algunas fuentes depositadas en distintos archivos.