bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internationalization moderating the relationship between investment and innovation in small businesses in Latin America
Authors: Santos Anderson Freitas dos , Costa Priscila Rezende da , Arantes Camila Naves , Pires Adriana de Castro , Cirani Claudia Brito Silva
Published: May 2024

Objective: This paper's main objective was to examine the extent to which internationalization efforts moderate the relationship between investments in research and development (R&D) and innovation outputs taken by small businesses, that is, small and medium-sized enterprises - SMEs. Methodology: The methodology used consisted of quantitative research with data from 10,621 SMEs, from 17 countries in Latin America. The present study involved factorial and regressive analysis as well. Main results: The results obtained led to the conclusion that internationalization efforts have a positive and statistically significant influence on innovation outputs, allowing SMEs in Latin American countries to increase their competitiveness through constructing or improving products, services, or processes. Theoretical contributions: At the end of the research, it was also concluded that R&D investments positively influence innovation outputs and that companies that invest in R&D and additionally employ internationalization efforts are more likely to present innovation. Relevance and originality: It was the first time that a study jointly and empirically evaluated the moderating effect of internationalization efforts on the relationship between investments in R&D and innovation outputs, totaling a sample of 10,621 SMEs. Managerial and social contributions: This study also contributed to the knowledge of Latin America, therefore, it is expected that a greater understanding of the barriers to the development of SMEs will be achieved, through the advancement of internationalization efforts, investment in R&D and innovation. In this way, the aim is to encourage academics and practitioners to search for solutions to break these barriers.
Nie tylko biurko i pióro – rekwizyty w filmach biograficznych o życiu Jane Austen
Authors: Śliwńska Anna
Published: May 2024

The following text begins with an introduction that discusses (relevant for the subsequent argument) issues related to biotopic and the role of props in the context of the discussed films. The subsequent part of the argument focuses on the significance of props (such as a desk, a quill, a letter, and a book) in Becoming Jane (2007, dir. Julian Jarrold) and Miss Austen Regrets (2008, dir. Jeremy Lovering). The analysis explores the situation where these objects convey specific information encrypted by the directors, while also allowing for viewer interpretations regarding their functions. The text argues that although it is not possible to present the “truth” about the writer’s life, one can still attempt to know and understand her world, and the props depicted in the films play a significant role in this process.
The use of artificial neural networks and decision trees: Implications for health-care research
Authors: Smith Shaina , McConnell Sabine
Published: May 2024

The use of decision trees and artificial neural networks (ANNs) in health-care research is widespread, as they enable health-care providers with the tools they need to make better medical decisions with their patients. ANNs specifically are extremely helpful in predictive research as they can provide investigators with knowledge about future trends and patterns. However, a major downside to ANNs is their lack of interpretability. Understandability of the model is important as it ensures the outcomes are true to the dataset’s original labels and are not impacted by algorithmic bias. In comparison, decision trees map out their entire process before providing the results, which leads to a higher level of trust in the model and the conclusions it supplies the investigators with. This is essential as many historical datasets lack equal and fair representation of all races and sexes, which might directly correlate to a lesser treatment given to females and individuals in minority groups. Here, we review existing work around the differences and connections between ANNs and decision trees with implications for research in health care.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-26a induces ferroptosis, suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation, and ameliorates liver fibrosis by modulating SLC7A11
Authors: Cao Ying , Yang Huan , Huang Yan , Lu Jian , Du Hong , Wang Bingying
Published: May 2024

Liver fibrosis is a key contributor to hepatic disease-related mortality. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been revealed to improve liver fibrosis. To explore the effect and mechanism of MSC-derived exosomal miR-26a on liver fibrosis, exosomes were separated from bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and used to treat with LX2 cells. The miR-26a level was decreased in BMSC-derived exosomes. Treatment with exosomes isolated from human BMSCs transfected with miR-26a mimics (miR-26a mimic-Exo) decreased the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cell rate, the protein level of α-SMA and collagen I, and the glutathione (GSH) level but enhanced the apoptosis rate and the reactive oxide species (ROS) level in LX2 cells, which were reversed by the treatment of deferoxamine. Mechanically, miR-26a directly bound SLC7A11 mRNA and negatively modulated the level of SLC7A11 in LX2 cells. Overexpression of SLC7A11 reversed the miR-26a mimic-Exo-induced alterations in the level of ROS, Fe2+, malonaldehyde, and GSH in LX2 cells. In vivo, miR-26a mimic-Exo decreased the level of SLC7A11 and attenuated CCL4-induced liver fibrosis. Collectively, miR-26a mimic-Exo induced ferroptosis to alleviate liver fibrosis by regulating SLC7A11, which may provide new strategies for the treatment of liver fibrosis, and even other relevant diseases.
Acoustical analysis and optimization design of the hair dryers
Authors: Che Luming , Lee Hsiao Mun , Lee Heow Pueh
Published: May 2024

The sound qualities and wind speeds of the four commercial hair dryers (Panasonic, Confu, Flyco, and Philips) were investigated through experimental methods in the present study. The sound qualities included loudness, sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength. The experimental results showed that the maximum sound pressure level (SPL) of all hair dryers occurred at about 200 Hz except Flyco hair dryer, which occurred at about 400 Hz. The highest loudness and highest sharpness were found when the hair dryers were set to hot mode and cold mode, respectively. No consistent relationship was found between the effect of room space and SPLs of the hair dryers. The Box–Behnken design method was used to design 13 pieces of oval and rectangular nozzles, and their sound levels and wind speeds were measured. Thereafter, these experimental results were used to derive correlation coefficients between the hair dryer nozzle area, aspect ratio, nozzle length, loudness, and wind speed using the Anova analysis method. Finally, an oval nozzle and a rectangular nozzle with an area of 0.0005 m

2

{}^{2}

, an aspect ratio of 1, and nozzle lengths of 0.052 and 0.055 m, respectively, were designed and were tested. These nozzles managed to reduce the sound loudness by 15 and 9.6%, respectively, while maintaining the same level of wind speed.
Synergistic effect of ZnO nanocomposite of Dodonea viscosa for corrosion inhibition in saline media
Authors: Alghamdi Maha D.
Published: May 2024

Dodonea viscosa-zinc oxide (DV-ZnO) nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric method (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The most abundant compounds in the plant extract were explored using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). FTIR indicated the existence of the different functional groups, XRD showed that the nanocomposite has the hexagonal wurtzite shape of ZnO nanoparticles, SEM-EDS showed a size of 50 nm, and elemental analysis depicts the existence of the different elements in the extract, which confirms, along with TGA results, the formation of DV-ZnO nanocomposite. The nanocomposite synergistic effect was examined for anticorrosion capabilities using gravimetric, electrochemical, and surface analysis methods. Both the plant extract and the nanocomposite exhibited corrosion inhibition abilities. However, the incorporation of the plant extract with ZnO increased the inhibition efficiency by 20 %. Weight loss and electrochemical methods concluded an inhibition efficiency of 80 % for DV-ZnO nanocomposite. The inhibition of the nanocomposite is due to the adsorption of the inhibitor on the carbon steel surface, which was verified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption was found to follow both Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. Surface examination using atomic force microscopy (AFM) found that the carbon steel surface roughness was decreased from the sample submerged in an uninhibited medium (Sa = 121.20 nm) when adding DV-ZnO nanocomposite (Sa = 22.95 nm) and DV plant extract inhibitor (Sa = 54.73 nm).
Culture of engagement
Authors: Fransén Lina , Hellgren Victor , Mortensen Magnus , Olsson Susanna , Proos Vedin Nathalie , Elmgren Maja , Lundberg Marcus , Kotronia Antonia
Published: May 2024

Students can influence their education through evaluations and as representatives in university decision-making bodies. A way to give them more power is through participation in course development as equal partners. In this study, the relationship between the outcome of a student-teacher partnership and a culture of student influence and engagement is explored. This is done through specifically targeting examination, an area where formal power rests far away from the actual partnership. The partnership outcome was evaluated through post-project surveys and group interviews, together with post-course evaluations. The students in the project, most of them with significant experience as student representatives, emphasized their ability to make meaningful change. At the same time, the students taking the revised course appreciated the implemented changes. A culture of engagement positively affected the outcome of the partnership, while the partnership itself strengthened students in their roles as change agents.
The potential of student as partners approaches for humanitarian developments
Authors: Lowe Tom , Moxey Maria
Published: May 2024

This article explores the potential for students-as-partners models developed in the scholarship of teaching and learning and educational development fields to be expanded to new agendas such as humanitarian developments and other agendas related to the so-called civic university. There is a growing appetite for students and staff to work in partnership due to the mutual benefits for both parties (Mapstone et al., 2017), yet the majority of the published works on students as partners is almost exclusively reporting upon partnership activities relating to curriculum and wider student experience developments in higher education. This paper explores the literature on best practice for working with students as partners in order to create new recommendations for how the students-as-partners model can be applied successfully for community and humanitarian development projects, rather than curricular, teaching, or research projects By drawing on literature from student voice, student engagement in quality assurance, and co-design, this paper will  highlight the great potential of student-staff partnerships for addressing other development agendas globally.
Visualizing Genomic Medicine
Authors: Babaian Caryn , Kumar Sudhir
Published: May 2024

The emerging field of genomic medicine offers an opportunity for biology and anatomy teachers to bring the topics of DNA, genetics, molecular processes, and evolution together into one experience. Through the genomic medicine paradigm, students see the unbroken connection between small biological topics such as mutations and their potential connection to disease phenotypes. In this paper, we present as a main example cystic fibrosis, which is an often-studied genetic disease in general biology class, for examination through the genomic medicine lens. Concepts such as genes, the plasma membrane, variation, mutations, the nucleus, and chromosomes can be used in a narrative and visual approach to genetics through the genomic medicine standpoint to engage and connect students with next-generation genomics and with the fundamental unit of life—the cell. It is through the genomic medicine lens that the cell’s context and relationship to the evolving world takes place.
Tactile Trees
Authors: Hasley Andrew O. , Jenkins Kristin P. , Orndorf Hayley , Gibson J. Phil
Published: May 2024

Phylogenetic trees are used throughout biology to represent evolutionary relationships and communicate ideas about evolutionary processes. Dedicated instruction in how to read and interpret phylogenetic trees (i.e., tree thinking) is necessary for students to be able to access this information. There are many cognitive barriers to mastering tree-thinking skills, and for some students, such as students who are blind or low-vision, there are physical barriers. We used a Universal Design for Learning (UDL) approach to increase the accessibility of the Great Clade Race, an effective activity for teaching tree-thinking skills. Here we provide an example of how applying a UDL approach reduced not only known barriers, but also barriers that were undetected until they were removed, providing benefits to all students.
An Investigation of the Impact of Online and In-Person Delivery of Undergraduate Biology Instruction
Authors: Bonney Kevin M.
Published: May 2024

Online learning is a well-established and growing, yet controversial and widely criticized, component of higher education. In this study, in-person and online versions of an undergraduate introductory biology class were compared to determine whether the online version of the course promoted student performance as well as the in-person course. Student survey responses were also analyzed to identify which teaching modality students perceived to be most effective at promoting learning, and to determine which components of the course were perceived by students to be most effective. No statistically significant difference was observed in exam scores or course grades between the two course modalities. Interestingly, some course components, such as completing virtual labs, were perceived to be more effective in the online version of the course, while others, such as participating in class discussions, were ranked as more effective for the in-person course offering; other components were ranked as similarly effective in both versions of the course. Therefore, this study provides evidence that online education can be effective if appropriately designed and implemented, and it provides a framework for strengthening the effectiveness of online education in the future.
An Apple a Day Keeps the Gray Mold Away
Authors: Hirsch Lou , Crouse Gabrielle , Scolpino Gabrielle , Peter Kari
Published: May 2024

Most consumers dispose of rotten food without a second thought; however, they also throw away a dynamic group of plant pathogens that can be utilized for inquiry-driven investigations into host/pathogen interactions. Botrytis cinerea is a common necrotrophic fungus that can infect most plants but causes substantial losses to the grape and fresh berry industries. Because most store-bought strawberries eventually succumb to this pathogen (due to the presence of spores from the field or packing facility), they are a dependable source of fungal inoculum to test novel hypotheses about the nature of disease. Across the produce aisle, apples are a diverse, well-characterized, and susceptible host population that enables students to construct individualized experiments about the nature of disease with adequate replication for meaningful analysis. This experimental protocol will outline how to conduct an infection assay with B. cinerea and commercially available apple varieties for students to develop their own experiments, inoculate their own plants, and analyze their own data to answer important questions about how pathogens cause disease.
Silica-derived materials from agricultural wastes: characterization and comparative studies
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, India, Rakesh B. , Chitdeshwari T. ,   Department of Sericulture, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, FC&RI, Mettupalayam-641301, Tamil Nadu, India, Maragatham S. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, India, Sharmila D. J. S. ,   Centre for Agricultural Nano Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, India, Senthil A. ,   Department of Plant Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, India, Chitra N. ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

The management and disposal of agro-wastes are the major environmental problems nowa-days and presence of substantial quantity of silica in agro-wastes made them possible to convert waste into valuable fertilizer materials. The present study aimed to extract silica from various agro-wastes such as paddy straw (PS), sugarcane bagasse (SB), maize cobs (MC) and coconut husk (CH) by exposing to various calcination temperatures (500o C, 600o C and 700o C) and characterized through XRF, FESEM-EDAX, TEM, FT-IR, XR-D and other basic properties. The recovery of silica from paddy straw calcined at 700o C was higher than that of other temperatures and sources tested.
Structural, bacteriostatic and antioxidant profiling of zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan, Azeem H. , Rehman S. U. ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan, Haq S. ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan, Din S. U. ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan, Elmnasri Kh. ,   Laboratory of bacteriological research, Institute of veterinary research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia, Ben Ali M. ,   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Elhadef Kh. ,   Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax 7 (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Hedfi A. ,   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Razzokov J. ,   Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, Kori Niyoziy 39, 100000 Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Mahmoudi E. ,   Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
Published: May 2024

The bacterial infection and generation of free radicals inside the body are serious threats to human health globally and researchers show their serious concern for these issues. Thus, in this study, an attempt has been made to control bacterial growth and scavenge the ABTs free radicals. ZnO-NPs were synthesized by an economical method, and the characteristics were investigated using a range of analytical techniques. These methods included FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, and TEM. The agar-well diffusion process has been followed to control the growth of selected bacteria and the ABTs free radicals have been scavenged using a standard protocol. The effect of the dose on both activities has been studied where the results has explore that the effectiveness of the ZnO-NPs gradually increases with increasing concentration.
Wearable flexible Kapton-graphene electromagnetic sensors
Authors:   Laboratory of Electronic Materials Studies for Medical Applications (LEMEAMED), Faculty of Technology Sciences, Departement of Electronic, Frères MENTOURI Constantine University (FST-UMC), Algeria, Bouherour M. , Nabila A. ,   Laboratory of Electronic Materials Studies for Medical Applications (LEMEAMED), Faculty of Technology Sciences, Departement of Electronic, Frères MENTOURI Constantine University (FST-UMC), Algeria, Meryem L. Z. ,   Laboratory of Electronic Materials Studies for Medical Applications (LEMEAMED), Faculty of Technology Sciences, Departement of Electronic, Frères MENTOURI Constantine University (FST-UMC), Algeria, Nourelhouda T. ,   Laboratory of Electronic Materials Studies for Medical Applications (LEMEAMED), Faculty of Technology Sciences, Departement of Electronic, Frères MENTOURI Constantine University (FST-UMC), Algeria, Sawsen R. ,   Laboratory of Electronic Materials Studies for Medical Applications (LEMEAMED), Faculty of Technology Sciences, Departement of Electronic, Frères MENTOURI Constantine University (FST-UMC), Algeria
Published: May 2024

This research is dedicated to the development of a new technology for a quick diagnosis of virial virus, using electromagnetic technology facilitated by either a Rectangular Patch Resonator (RPR) or a Wearable Flexible Sensor (WFS) designed for non-invasive viral disease detection, including Nano-virus, and macro-virus. These devices is tailored for a precise and non-invasive detection of a wide array of viruses. To enhance diagnostic precision, an electromagnetic sensor was meticulously explored and simulated, to be capable of detecting and identifying even the most minuscule viruses. Employing numerical modeling with a focus on the 10 GHz to 20 GHz frequency range. We hold a strong sense of optimism regarding this sensor's potential for non-invasive virus detection. Extensive simulations conducted throughout this study have underscored the WFS's selectivity across all viruses, boasting an exceptional limit of detection and sensitivity. Moreover, the WFS exhibited the capability to distinguish between varying infection percentages, each corresponding to a distinct reflection pattern.
Reproductive Ageing: Inflammation, immune cells, and cellular senescence in the aging ovary
Authors: Isola José V V , Hense Jessica D , Osório César A P , Biswas Subhasri , Alberola-Ila José , Ocañas Sarah R , Schneider Augusto , Stout Michael B
Published: May 2024

In brief

Recent reports suggest a relationship between ovarian inflammation and functional declines, although it remains unresolved if ovarian inflammation is the cause or consequence of ovarian aging. In this review, we compile the available literature in this area and point to several current knowledge gaps that should be addressed through future studies.

Ovarian aging results in reduced fertility, disrupted endocrine signaling, and an increased burden of chronic diseases. The factors contributing to the natural decline of ovarian follicles throughout reproductive life are not fully understood. Nevertheless, local inflammation may play an important role in driving ovarian aging. Inflammation progressively rises in aged ovaries during the reproductive window, potentially affecting fertility. In addition to inflammatory markers, recent studies show an accumulation of specific immune cell populations in aging ovaries, particularly lymphocytes. Other hallmarks of the aging ovary include the formation and accumulation of multinucleated giant cells, increased collagen deposition, and increased markers of cellular senescence. Collectively, these changes significantly impact the quantity and quality of ovarian follicles and oocytes. This review explores recent literature on the alterations associated with inflammation, fibrosis, cell senescence, and the accumulation of immune cells in the aging ovary.
Mašininio mokymosi pritaikymas reklamų aptikimui YouTube įrašuose
Authors: Kvedaravičius Karolis , Kurasova Olga
Published: May 2024

Šiame straipsnyje aprašyta kaip tyrimų metu buvo bandoma pritaikyti mašininį mokymąsi reklamų aptikimui YouTube vaizdo įrašuose naudojant transkribuotą tekstą. Reklamų aptikimas buvo laikomas teksto klasifikavimo užduotimi ir todėl buvo naudojamas BERT šeimos mašininio mokymosi modelis, kuris pasiekia aukštus rezultatus sprendžiant teksto analizės uždavinius. Tačiau šiam modeliui dėl įvairių priežasčių buvo sunku pasiekti aukštą tikslumo lygį. Bet naudojant antrą straipsnyje pasiūlytą klasifikavimo žingsnį, kuris atsižvelgia į BERT modelio klasifikavimą tam tikram laiko tarpe, rezultatai buvo pagerinti.
Early Detection of Rare Diseases using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Kondrataitė Eglė , Korvel Gražina
Published: May 2024

-
Termination of a Criminal Case (Criminal Prosecution) Due to the Imposition of a Court Fine
Authors: Volevodz Alexander , Ivanov Dmitriy , Polyakov Sergey , Bezryadin Viktor , Alyshkin Vladislav
Published: May 2024

Criminal cases in Russia often hinge on a critical decision during the preliminary investigation stage: whether to proceed to trial or terminate the case. While various grounds for termination exist, one central condition revolves around the compensation or reparation for harm caused by the crime. This article examines the termination of criminal cases through court fines to compensate for the damage caused by crimes. The research utilizes the general scientific method of cognition for detailed examination and analysis, the systematic approach method for procedural considerations, and methods of analysis and synthesis to identify law enforcement challenges. The study systematically analyses the legal provisions and judicial practices related to imposing court fines since 2016. Results indicate that total compensation for harm is crucial for applying termination grounds under Article 25.1 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Voluntary harm compensation often leads to the termination of criminal cases, effectively preventing the creation of a criminal record for the accused.
Система Гражданского Права в России и Ее Сопоставление с Другими Правовыми Системами (Civil Law System in Russia and Its Comparison with Other Legal Systems)
Authors: Bisay Ocrella Trisella Vera , Nur Rohim , Paramitasari Shinta
Published: May 2024

This article explores the civil law system in Russia and compares it with other legal systems. The main focus is on the historical roots and influence of the Roman-Continental legal system in the formation of Russian civil law. By analyzing the Russian Civil Code, this article investigates the structure, principles, and unique characteristics of the Russian civil law system. Comparisons are made with the common law legal system, the Islamic legal system, and the socialist legal system that previously influenced Russia during the Soviet Union. The comparative results highlight essential differences in approaches, legal sources, and the role of courts between these systems. This article has the potential to provide in-depth insights into the evolution and context of civil law in Russia, as well as its implications in the global legal framework.
Red Book: 2024–2027 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases
Authors:   Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: May 2024

For more than 85 years, health care professionals have “referred to the Red Book” for trustworthy guidance on pediatric infectious disease prevention, management, and control. The new 33rd edition continues this tradition of distinction with the latest clinical guidance on the manifestations, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of more than 200 childhood infectious diseases. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/Red-Book-2024-Report-of-the-Committee-on-Infectious-Diseases-33rd-Edition-Paperback
Improvement of economic and useful characters of wheat using RNA interference technology
Authors: Dubrovna O. V. , Mykhalska S. I. , Komisarenko A. H.
Published: May 2024

Wheat is a strategic cereal crop of global importance and plays a leading role in the food supply of mankind. Despite the general trend to increase in its production, climatic changes leading to significant temperature changes, unpredictable precipitation or droughts and the appearance of new races of pathogens and pests significantly affect its yield. In order to prevent the negative impact of changes in climatic conditions on the productivity of this crop, it is necessary to develop innovative technologies for improving the resistance of wheat to environmental stresses. RNA interference (RNAi) represents a new potential tool for wheat breeding by introducing small non-coding RNA sequences with the ability to silence gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. A decrease in the expression of a certain gene determines the acquisition of a new characteristic through the elimination or accumulation of certain plant traits, which leads to biochemical or phenotypic changes that the original plants do not have. This literature review describes the progress achieved over the past decades in the application of RNAi to create wheat plants with improved economic and valuable traits. The main stages of the gene silencing mechanism mediated by short interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA), features of their biogenesis, modes of action and distribution are presented. Examples of the use of various biotechnological approaches to wheat improvement using gene transformation, endogenous and exogenous double-stranded RNA molecules (dsRNA) are given. The possibility of using RNAi technology to increase the nutritional value and quality of grain, remove toxic compounds and allergens is highlighted. Considerable attention is paid to the practical results of various applications of RNAi to increase the resistance of wheat to biotic stress factors, in particular, viruses, bacteria, fungi, insect pests, and nematodes. Examples of the use of siRNA-mediated RNAi and the role of miRNA in improving wheat tolerance to abiotic stresses are summarized.
КОМПЛЕКСНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НОВИХ АДСОРБЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ
Authors: Якименко Ірина К. , Солодовнік Тетяна В.
Published: May 2024

У роботі було отримано та проведено комплексне порівняльне дослідження адсорбентів, отриманих поєднанням кокосового вугілля та коагулянтів на основі солей алюмінію (Al2(SO4)3 та AlCl3) і флокулянтів (альгінату натрію та хітозану), для видалення іонів феруму та мангану з модельних розчинів. Адсорбенти, на основі кокосового вугілля та флокулянтів, отримували методом просочування з подальшим висушуванням за температури 50 °C впродовж 6 годин (КАУ+Х1, КАУ+Х2 та КАУ+АН). Одержання адсорбентів на основі кокосового вугілля та коагулянтів проводили додаванням солей алюмінію до водного розчину карбаміду за температури 95°C з інтенсивним переміщуванням впродовж 30 хв з кокосовим вугіллям (КАУ+ AlC КАУ+AlS). Отримані адсорбенти були перевірені на ефективність вилучення іонів феруму та мангану з водних систем, та за результатами дослідження кінетики адсорбції наведено їх порівняльні характеристики. Встановлено, що найбільш ефективним для видалення іонів феруму та мангану в порівнянні з кокосовим вугіллям є адсорбент на основі кокосового вугілля та флокулянту альгінату натрію (КАУ+АН). Оптимальна тривалість контактування даного адсорбенту з адсорбатом складає 60 хв; за цей час досягається ефективний ступінь очищення для іонів феруму – 82.5 %, іонів мангану – 84.65 %, що на 7–15 % для іонів заліза та на 18–20 % для іонів мангану більше в порівнянні з кокосовим вугіллям КАУ та іншими досліджуваними адсорбентами. Встановлено оптимальну дозу адсорбенту КАУ+АН, що складає 5 г/дм3. Наведено переваги даного адсорбенту, який характеризується високим ступенем вилучення іонів заліза та мангану в статичних умовах і може бути рекомендованим для очищення водних розчинів та подальшого дослідження в динамічних умовах.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ СУДНОВИХ ТЕХНІЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ЗА РАХУНОК ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НИЗЬКОСІРЧИСТИХ СОРТІВ СУДНОВОГО ПАЛИВА
Authors: Мельник Олексій М. , Онищенко Олег А. , Шишкін Олександр В. , Волков Олександр М. , Волянський Сергій М. , Маулевич Владислав О. , Крейцер Кирилл О.
Published: May 2024

У цьому дослідженні розглядаються стратегії підвищення ефективності морського технічного обладнання за рахунок використання суднового палива з низьким вмістом сірки. Дослідження включає комплексний аналіз, що охоплює розрахунки зміни ентальпії та оцінки теплової ефективності за різних температурних перепадів. Дані розрахунки проливають світло на вплив питомої теплоємності суднового палива з низьким вмістом сірки, що є вирішальним фактором для аналізу характеристик згоряння. Дослідження також дає оцінку ефективності перетворення тепла в механічну енергію, пропонуючи практичні рішення щодо оптимізації експлуатаційних характеристик обладнання. Результати цього дослідження є частиною загальної стратегії, спрямованої на підвищення екологічної сталості та ефективності використання суднових енергетичних установок. Вивчаючи використання суднового палива з низьким вмістом сірки, дослідження має на меті надати інформацію щодо процесів прийняття рішень, визначивши температурні діапазони, які забезпечують максимальну експлуатаційну ефективність суднових технічних засобів і систем. Результати дослідження також висвітлюють сфери з потенціалом для покращення експлуатаційних характеристик суднових дизельних двигунів. Такий цілісний підхід є невід'ємною частиною розвитку як екологічної відповідальності, так і експлуатаційної ефективності транспортних засобів у морській галузі.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОСНОВНИХ ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТЕЙ КІНЕТИКИ БІОКАТАЛІТИЧНОГО ГІДРОЛІЗУ РОСЛИННОЇ ОЛІЇ
Authors: Некрасов Павло О. , Березка Тетяна О. , Некрасов Олександр П. , Гудзь Ольга М. , Мольченко Світлана М.
Published: May 2024

Харчування із самого моменту народження людини відіграє ключову роль у збереженні його здоров’я, формуючи потенціал, що забезпечує довголіття. Різні поживні речовини, надходячи з їжею в організм і переутворюючись у ході метаболізму в результаті складних біохімічних процесів у структурні елементи клітин, забезпечують його пластичним матеріалом і енергією, визначаючи здоров’я, фізичну і розумову активність та тривалість життя людини. Одними із таких речовин є поліненасичені жирні кислоти, які активно впливають на ліпіди плазми крові, а саме зменшують надлишок холестерину низької щільності, дозволяють значно знизити ризик розвитку та прогресування захворювань, спричинених атеросклерозом. Перспективним процесом виробництва поліненасичених жирних кислот є біокаталітичний гідроліз рослинних олій. В роботі здійснено комплексне дослідження кінетики і термодинаміки вказаного процесу, в результаті якого було розроблено відповідну математичну модель та встановлено основні закономірності кінетики. Визначено константи швидкостей прямих і зворотних реакцій, що протікають у реакційних системах, а також константи рівноваги кожної з них. На основі отриманих даних розраховано термодинамічні параметри та зроблено висновки про внесок кожної з реакцій в загальний процес у цілому. Результати дослідження слугуватимуть науковим фундаментом для розробки промислової біокаталітичної технології гідролізу рослинних олій, спрямованої на виробництво поліненасичених жирних кислот, які мають великий попит у харчовій галузі.
análise sistemática da sustentabilidade e ecodesign em processos produtivos
Authors: Sandim Maurício , Machado Ênio Leandro , Moraes Jorge André Ribas , Kipper Liane Mahlmann , Lutterbeck Carlos Alexandre , Iepsen Sandra Elisia Lemões , Iepsen Guilherme Lemões , Baggiotto Carine
Published: May 2024

A aplicação de ferramentas no processo produtivo buscando a sustentabilidade nas empresas gera não apenas benefícios ambientais, mas também sociais, econômicos e de governança. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi identificar e analisar a relação entre os temas da sustentabilidade e do ecodesign nos processos produtivos, relacionando-os com ferramentas de gestão ambiental. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) e através da meta-análise PRISMA foi possível considerar novos aspectos para responder às questões de pesquisa: “Qual a relação existente entre os temas sustentabilidade e ecodesign em processos produtivos?” e “Quais ferramentas de gestão ambiental estão relacionadas a estes temas?”. Com base nos artigos estudados, foi possível verificar que ferramentas e técnicas aplicadas ao processo produtivo, como a utilização de conceitos e técnicas de ecodesign na concepção de produtos e processos, e a identificação de impactos ambientais por meio de inventários de processos e de Análise de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) melhorando processos, reduzindo consumo de energia, geração de resíduos, custo de produção e uso de matéria prima.
Emerging adulthood in medical school. Gender, school-related factors and Big Five traits related to medical students’ quarter-life crisis
Authors: Hamvai Csaba , Baricz Dániel , Pócs Dávid , Kelemen Oguz
Published: May 2024

Background: Quarter-life crisis is the anxiety and discomfort the young might experience at the end of their studies and at the beginning of their career. Objectives: Factors related to medical students’ quarter-life crisis were explored in this study. Methods: in the cross-sectional study, 351 medical students (74.6% female, mean of age: 23.79 years, SD: 1.53 years) filled in the online questionnaire that contained Quarter-life Crisis Questionnaire, International Personality Item Pool version of Big Five markers, and questions about different aspects of medical school. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and linear regression analysis were performed. Results: Women reported higher quarter-life crisis (t = –3.44, p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.42). Higher quarter-life crisis displayed among those students who did not apply to medical university right after high school (U = 2865.5, p = 0.03, Cohen’s d = 0.24). Students who would have not applied to medical school again (t = –7.93, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.90); would have not encouraged their children to apply to medical school (U = 10414.5, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.57); were uncertain to finish university (t = 6.68, p< 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.74) showed higher quarter-life crisis. Students who failed at least one term for academic reason (U = 11809.5, p = 0.04, Cohen’s d = 0.23); did not feel to get proper knowledge to accomplish a medical job (t = –3.90, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.54); were not satisfied with their grades (U = 11560.5, p = 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.27) reported higher quarter-life crisis. Students who did not plan to work in a clinical field and patient care (t =–5.974, p = 0.00, Cohen’s d = 0.93); wanted to work abroad in the future (U = 12931.5, p = 0.00; Cohen’s d =0.27) had higher quarter-life crisis. Personality traits, such as extraversion (β = –0.20, p < 0.001), conscientiousness (β = –0.10, p = 0.01) were significant negative, neuroticism significant positive predictor of quarter-life crisis (β = 0.61, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The explored variables might be indicators of quarter-life crisis, and can be the basis of university counseling, when medical students’ quarter-life crisis and emerging adulthood is in focus.
„Én már hamu vagyok?” Kiégéskörkép – fókuszban a tanárok helyzetével
Authors: Szigeti Réka , Balázs Noémi , Urbán Róbert
Published: May 2024

A kiégés az egyik legsúlyosabb munkahelyi veszélyforrás, amely a pedagógusszakmát is erősen érinti. Narratív irodalmi összefoglalónkban a kiégés kutatásának kezdeteit is feltüntetve tekintjük át az aktuális kérdéseket a definíció, méréstan, a háttérokok és a prevenciós megközelítések terén – fókuszálva a tanárokkal kapcsolatos relevanciákra. A diverzifikált módszertan nehezíti az előfordulás pontos mérését és a kezelési protokollok kialakítását is. A kiégés kutatásának kezdetén a Maslach és munkacsoportja által létrehozott modell vált dominánssá, amely a mai napig a legelterjedtebb, de mivel sok kritika éri, számos új mérőeszköz alakult ki. Napjainkban a konszenzusra való törekvés a jellemző szintetizáló definíciókkal és mérőeszközzel. A munka- és szociálpszichológiai megközelítés mellett – amely ennek a cikknek is alapját képezi – a kiégés klinikai megközelítését is érintjük. A kiégés mint folyamat pontosabb feltérképezése pedig hozzájárul a személyre szabottabb prevenció kialakításához. A legújabb kutatási eredmények fényében összegezzük, hogy milyen egyéni és szervezeti szintű tényezők milyen differenciált hatással bírnak a kiégés mértékének alakulására. Végül kitérünk arra, hogy mindezeket az egyéni és szervezeti szintű tényezőket, illetve ezek interakcióit figyelembe véve melyek a leghatékonyabb prevenciós megközelítések – különösen az általános és középiskola világában.
The Geometric Construction of Hexagonal Apses in Mediaeval Hungary
Authors: Budaházi Fanni , Halmos Balázs
Published: May 2024

Geometric construction in Gothic architecture has been a popular subject of research for centuries. The use and extent of quadrature and triangulation grids has long been debated, as the few architectural drawings that survived from the era do not indicate the construction process. Modern surveying methods, however, allow us to inspect the exact geometry of a building with all its irregularities – in the case of this article we use 3D point clouds created by laser scanning, from which accurate measurements can be taken.

In our study we analyse four churches from mediaeval Hungary: the Franciscan church of Szeged-Alsóváros, the fortified church of Cincu (RO, Nagysink/Großschenk), the Franciscan church of GyöngyösAlsóváros and the fortified church of Mediaș (RO, Medgyes/Mediasch). Each of these are built with elongated choirs and approximately hexagonal apses. We explore the possible construction systems of these buildings and compare them to each other. We aim to present the similarities and differences between them and to offer likely explanations of their irregularities. Moreover, we propose the significance of construction circles used for creating a triangulation grid.
Relativistic Schrödinger equation and probability currents for free particles
Authors: Carfì David
Published: May 2024

In this work, we start from the problem of quantizing the relativistic Hamiltonian of a free massive particle (rest mass different from 0), a problem exceptionally difficult in the standard approaches to quantum mechanics. In fact, in tempered distribution state space, we find the natural way to define the relativistic Hamiltonian operator and its associated Schrödinger equation The existence of a linear continuous Hermitian operator associated with the Einstein's Hamiltonian of a free particle, defined on the entire tempered distribution space, automatically implies the conservation of Born probability flux (which doesn't mean the conservation of particles number, rather it implies the conservation of the total relativistic energy of the solution wave). We, then, deduce the continuity equation for the Born probability density and study some its different (but equivalent) expressions. We determine some possible forms of probability currents and flux velocity fields associated with the particle evolution. We provide the relativistic invariant expression for both Schrödinger equation and probability flux continuity equations.
Conformal recurrent Kӓhler spaces
Authors: Savchenko Olexandr , Shevchenko Tetyana , Hedulian Sergiy
Published: May 2024

In this paper we study pseudo-Riemannian spaces with recurrent tensor of conformal curvature, which admit a Kähler structure. It is proved that Kähler conformally recurrent spaces other than recurrent spaces do not exist, if their dimension is four. Recurrent Kähler spaces are divided into two types. For each type, the internal necessary characteristic is given. Some properties of four-dimensional Kähler conformally recurrent Kähler spaces are studied.
Періодизація московсько-української війни ХХІ ст. і ймовірні сценарії її розвитку й завершення
Authors: Ховрич Сергій
Published: May 2024

The study aims to characterize the essence and content of the ongoing Moscow-Ukrainian war since 2014, providing the author’s options for scientific periodization and forecasts for its conclusion. The research methodology adopts a systematic approach, relying on the method of periodization in historical analysis. General scientific methods, such as historical and logical approaches, along with specific scientific historical methods like comparative-historical and retrospective analyses, are employed. The method of theoretical modeling is extensively used to describe potential scenarios for the war’s end. The study emphasizes that any periodization should meet specific criteria, like the global context. Historical parallels are drawn to enhance the understanding of the problem, and various options for the periodization of the MoscowUkrainian war proposed by other scholars are critically analyzed. The term “ATO” (Anti-Terrorist Operation) is subject to a critical analysis, assessing its impact on historical thought about the conflict. The author presents several options for the periodization of the war, categorized as “detailed” and “optimal.” The study also formulates and systematizes various scenarios for ending the war and explores its potential consequences in the context of future international relations. The research assesses the influence of the “strange” military mutiny in June 2023 on the socio-political situation in Muscovy (historical name for the Russian Federation). This assessment allows the author to formulate probable scenarios for the war’s conclusion.
Stunting predictors among children aged 0-24 months in Southeast Asia: a scoping review
Authors: Togatorop Via Eliadora , Rahayuwati Laili , Susanti Raini Diah , Tan Julianus Yudhistira
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify predictors of stunting among children 0-24 months in Southeast Asia. Methods: This scoping review focused on articles with observational study design in English published from 2012 to 2023 from five international databases. The primary keyword used were: “stunting” OR “growth disorder” AND “newborn” AND “predict” AND “Southeast Asia”. Results: Of the 27 articles selected for the final analysis there are thirteen predictors of stunting in seven Southeast Asia countries. The thirteen predictors include the child, mother, home, inadequate complementary feeding, inadequate breastfeeding, inadequate care, poor quality foods, food and water safety, infection, political economy, health and healthcare, water, sanitation, and environment, and social culture factor. Conclusion: All these predictors can lead to stunting in Southeast Asia. To prevent it, health service providers and other related sectors need to carry out health promotion and health prevention according to the predictors found.
Lean methodology: contributions to improving work processes in health and nursing
Authors: Brancalion Fernanda Novaes Moreno , Souza Lara Gonçalves de , Berger Simone , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the contributions of applying the Lean methodology to improve work processes in health and nursing and its impact on associated financial aspects. Method: an integrative review, carried out in six databases, whose sample of ten (100.0%) studies was analyzed and summarized descriptively. Results: the outcomes obtained were stratified into: benefits/barriers to Lean Healthcare implementation; economic aspects involving Lean Healthcare implementation; and process improvements through Lean Healthcare implementation. The majority of studies (60.0%) were carried out in university hospitals, contexts that need to continually improve the quality of services provided, generally with scarce and limited resources, which support the viability of maintaining the teaching, research and extension tripod. Conclusion: three (30.0%) studies highlighted the financial aspects associated with Lean methodology application. The others only mentioned the possibility of financial gains through improving processes and reducing waste.