bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY INDIAN ART-CONTEMPORARY ART
Authors: Kesarwani Sachin
Published: March 2021

English: The overall development of art is part of the historical, social process. The artist establishes new dimensions through innovative experiments. In present times, not only in India but in the whole world, experimentism can be clearly marked. As change is a continuous process that exists from time to time in which the prevailing beliefs go on being accepted by generations. But a thoughtful conscious community rejects those beliefs and leads the society towards a new direction and new values. This is where change starts, as fast as the meanings of life are changing, the art is changing as fast as possible.

Hindi: कला का समग्र विकास ऐतिहासिक, सामाजिक प्रक्रिया का अंग है। कलाकार नित-नवीन प्रयोगों के माध्यम से नये आयाम स्थापित करता है। वर्तमान समय में भारत ही नहीं अपितु समस्त विश्व में प्रयोगधर्मिता को स्पष्ट रूप से चिन्हित किया जा सकता है। जैसा कि परिवर्तन एक निरन्तर प्रक्रिया है जो आदिकाल से आज तक विद्यमान है जिसमें प्रचलित मान्यताएं पीढ़ियों द्वारा स्वीकृत होती हुई आगे बढ़ती है। किन्तु एक विचारशील सजग समुदाय उन मान्यताओं को अस्वीकार करते हुए एक नवीन दिशा एवं नवीन मूल्यों की ओर समाज को ले जाता है। यहीं से परिवर्तन प्रारम्भ होता है जितनी तीव्रता से जीवन के अर्थ परिवर्तित हो रहे हैं उतनी ही तीव्रता से कला में परिवर्तन हो रहा है।
ANALISIS MARGIN PEMASARAN PRODUK SAGU (STUDI KASUS BIOINDUSTRI SAWA) DI NEGERI WARAKA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Latumahina Yohanes , Timisela Natelda R , Luhukay Johanna M
Published: March 2021

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk saluran pemasaran  dan besarnya margin pemasaran produk olahan sagu. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua saluran pemasaran pada produk olahan sagu. Pertama, bioindustri Sawa memasarkan produknya langsung ke konsumen sehingga keuntungan yang diterima oleh bioindustri Sawa dari masing-masing produk sebesar 100 persen karena tidak ada imbalan tenaga kerja yang diperoleh. Kedua, terdapat pedagang pengecer yang terlibat dalam pemasaran produk olahan sagu dari bioindustri Sawa. Pedagang pengecer membeli produk secara langsung dari perusahaan dan langsung menjualnya ke konsumen, sehingga  keuntungan yang diterima oleh bioindustri Sawa sebesar Rp. 1.671 atau 5,57 persen untuk produk tepung sagu kering, Rp.671 atau 4,47 persen untuk produk mie sagu dan Rp. 17.774 atau 59,24 persen  untuk produk beras sagu
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional Di Desa Piliana Dan Desa Hatu Kecamatan Tehoru Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Kiat Fatwa A. , Puttileihalat Maya M.S. , Sahusilawane John F.
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the ethnobotany of medicinal plants in Piliana Village and Hatu Village, Tehoru District, Central Maluku Regency. This research took place from February 2019. In connection with the implementation of this research, the method used is the purposive sampling method. Data is all information or material provided that must be sought and collected by the problem being studied. The data used in this study include primary data and secondary data. In this study, data collection in the form of interviews with the community was also carried out by determining the sample in the field of 10% of the number of families (heads of families). In addition to interviews to get in-depth results, observation and documentation are also carried out so that the data obtained is more accurate by the data obtained at the research time. There are 71 types of medicinal plants found in Piliana and Hatu villages; 48 ​​types of diseases are treated. Most of the plant organs used are leaves, and the most commonly used processing method is boiling. There are 21 different plant species found in Piliana Village and 29 medicinal plants in Hatu Village.
Analisis Sifat Fisis dan Kimia Produk Minyak Kayu Putih di Pasaran Kota Ambon
Authors: Maail Rohny S. , Purimahua Vence
Published: March 2021

This study analyzes the physical and chemical characteristics of eucalyptus oil products in the Ambon city market. Eucalyptus oil stamped Merpati Putih/MP to determine the quality grade of MP eucalyptus oil. The MP quality grade is based on the chemical component content level of 1,8-cineole. Furthermore, according to results of the testing on the physics properties of some parameters as required at SNI 3954-2014 about Eucalyptus (Cajuput) Oil standard, and the analysis of chemical components through GC-MS apparatus, the results shows that the MP Cajuput oil has the properties of physics that meet the required standards, among others: the specific gravity (BJ) of 0917, light green-colored towards clear, smelling as typical cajuput oil (original), the refractive indexes at ambient was about 1.469; there was no mixing with other oils (clear) and the absence of fatty oil with an optical rotation value at (-) 0, 33o, respectively. However, the results of the analysis of chemical components by GC-MS proved that the quality of the MP Cajuput oil at the first quality class was based on SNI 3954-2014 due to contains 1.8-cineole whose it value was within the standard ranges of 50 to < 55%, which is 52.51%
USING OF EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION METHOD IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ GRAMMAR ABILITY IN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AT CLASS X3 OF SMA NEGERI 4 LEIHITU
Authors: Lumaela Ernita , Que Stella Rose
Published: March 2021

Based on the preliminary study, almost students usually have some problems in finding out the verb form of simple present tense. There are omissions of be, and suffix -s/-es. It shows that students’ grammar ability is low in simple present tense. The research questions are how can explicit instruction method improve students’ grammar ability in simple present tense? And what are students’ responses about using explicit instruction method during teaching learning process? Its significant are for students, they have grammar ability in using simple present tense well. And they are accustomed to use the correct verb of simple present tense. Then, for teacher, is to provide the better method for teaching grammar. And the Explicit Instruction method helps the teacher to variety his or her instruction of teaching grammar. Type of this research is classroom action research by using Explicit Instruction method. It is conducted at SMA Negeri 4 Leihitu in Seith village of Central Maluku.  The subject is the first grade of class X3 with the total number 20 students. The research has been done in three cycles consisted of three times of meeting in each cycle during four weeks. And every last meeting of each cycle, researcher conducted a test to measure students’ improvement.  And the pre- test of students’ result show the mean 29,5 at the poor level. Then, in the first cycle, the students’ mean add 52,9 at the poor level. And the second cycle, the students’ mean increase 65 which show at the average level. And the last cycle, students’ mean improve highly 78 which shows at the good level. Finally, students show the good progress. They have been able to use the simple present tense of auxiliary verbs in sentences, determine the correct verbs of the subject-verb-agreement and transform the verb of the third singular person well
IMPROVING OF BASKETBALL GAME LEARNING OUTCOMES WITH STUDENTS’ LEARNING GROUP INVESTIGATION
Authors: Naheria Naheria , Amiruddin Baso , Buhari Muh. Ramli
Published: March 2021

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of passing and dribbling basketball in Samarinda State Vocational School 17 students in 2019/2020 academic year using a cooperative group type investigation model. This research was conducted in two cycle, which consists of four stages namely planning, implementing, observing and reflecting actions for each cycle. The research subjects were students of pharmacy class XI-1 of SMK Negeri 17 Samarinda in the 2019/2020 school year, totaling 32 students, 5 students and 27 students. Data sources of this research are students and teachers. Data collection techniques used in this study were to test skills, knowledge and also observation of student behavior as an assessment of aspects of attitude. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis techniques that are based on qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the study show that using a cooperative group type cooperative model can improve learning outcomes of basketball passing and dribbling in students from pre-cycle to cycle one from cycle one to cycle two. From the analysis of data obtained from the results of cycle one an increase in the results of learning to pass and dribble basketball is complete that is 43.75% or 14 students who complete. While the second cycle increases the learning outcomes of basic techniques of passing and dribbling basketball by 100% or 32 students who are complete. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that using the cooperative learning model type of investigation is appropriate in basketball learning especially the basic techniques of passing and dribbling.
INTRODUCING ENGLISH TO EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH SINGING WITH THE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE METHOD
Authors: Gumiandari Septi
Published: March 2021

Introducing English from an early age should be supported by adequate media and infrastructure. Learning should be arranged in such a way as to give birth to learning activities that are important and fun. Therefore, it requires perfect and efficient teaching methods. Research on "Introducing English to early childhood through singing with the TPR method" aims to introduce English by singing to early childhood at al-Hidayah Kindergarten, Greged District, Cirebon. The method used is a descriptive analysis of activities carried out by fostering the ability to recognize English in early childhood. The process is carried out using several methods such as singing while playing and singing, with movements using learning media. The conclusion is that by using the singing and playing method, early childhood children can easily recognize the vocabulary, and can accidentally add to the vocabulary of the child.
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF DICTION USED IN “KUE DADING MANG OLEH”
Authors: Almizan Almizan , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , Alek Alek
Published: March 2021

The background of this research comes from the viral post of Mang Oleh’s homemade named Odading cake. Well-known uniquely reviewed by a man named Ade Londok. The controversial diction that is used by Ade Londok is very interesting, unusual, and of course, amusing. His entertaining figure with his unusual review style made this man from the city of Bandung go viral. Previously, it was well-known that Ade Londok was promoting a typical Bandung home made cake called Odading in an amusing manner. He promoted Odading with his mixed accents, between Sundanese and Indonesian. He also slips in a tickling rhyme so that it makes his figure interesting to be viral. The approach used in this research is critical discourse analysis that used a video of Ade Londok and the script of his speech as the source to collect the data. The findings show that the content used Abstract word, Special word, Popular word, and Jargon. It can be concluded as in its original, primary meaning, refers to writers’ or speakers’ distinctive vocabulary choices and style of expression.
Realism and the Supernatural in Ghost Stories of the Fin de Siècle
Authors: Freeman Nick
Published: March 2021

This article examines the uses of realism in fin-de-siècle ghost stories by Vernon Lee, Ella D’Arcy, Rudyard Kipling, and Gertrude Atherton, It argues that forms of realist practice were central to the sophistication of these stories, and draws connections between their use in supernatural fiction and the work of modernists such as Joseph Conrad. Examining works from the late 1880s to 1905, it maintains that the dismissal of realism by modernists such as Woolf underestimated its importance and its versatility, and that the ghost story’s importance as a vehicle for literary experiment is insufficiently acknowledged.
“Our Filthy Liues in Swines are Shewd”: Deformed Pigs, Religious Disquiet and Propaganda in Elizabethan England
Authors: Baratta Luca
Published: March 2021

This article takes into account some broadsheets published in London between 1562 and 1570, a span of time in which the birth of deformed pigs is read in the light of the conflicts that destabilised the auroral decade of Elizabeth I’s reign. In this period, both Protestants and Catholics fostered a symbolic imagery, as a result of which deformed animals (and humans) were deciphered instrumentally as signs of God’s wrath against the religious and political enemy. The pig – a dirty and obscene beast – embodied further meanings when its anatomy exceeded the laws of nature, and could be interpreted as a mirror of moral and social non-conformity.
PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE STYLES IN THE PROCESS OF STRATEGIC PLANNING: EMPLOYEE PERCEPTION IN THE TURKISH PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ali Osman , GENÇ TETİK Elif
Published: March 2021

It is widely accepted that culture is an essential element to understand how any organization functions and public sector organizations are certainly not out of this. Comprehending organizational culture is a prerequisite to examine the public sector thoroughly because it forms the essence of all the actions, processes and outcomes in the organizations. Indeed, the vast majority of the previous studies emphasise that the concept has become much relevant with the strategy-making process in the public organizations, which mainly needs to be consistent with the culture types of organization. In times of change, the consistency between culture and strategy is key to create a sustainable organizational structure. The paper primarily intends to explore the culture of a higher education institution in Turkey and investigates to what extent the culture of the institution is ready for an organizational change, which is aimed to be generated through the strategic planning process. The empirical results show that hierarchical culture is seen as the most dominant existing culture among other types, while the desired culture, which the members of the institution would like to embrace, appears to be adhocracy culture. Theoretical, and empirical implications, are investigated throughout the paper.
ANALISA KOMPOSIT DIPERKUAT SERBUK SERABUT KELAPA BERMATRIK EPOXY TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK
Authors: Ferdianto Fery , Suhardiman Suhardiman
Published: March 2021

Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai dan sifat mekanik uji tarik dan mengetahui karakteristik patahan specimen. Serbuk kelapa hijau yang digunakan harus dipisah dari seratnya dan diayak ukuran mash 2.36 mm, pembuatan komposit menggunakan cetakan kayu dengan ukuran lebar: 14 cm, panjang: 28.5 cm, tebal: 5 mm. specimen benda uji mengacu pada standar ASTM D638-14 untuk uji tarik. Dari hasil pengujian, dengan variasi kandungan bahan 34 % Serbuk +  66 % Resin, 41 % Serbuk +  59 % Resin, 47 % Serbuk +  53 % Resin, 52 % Serbuk +  48 % Resin, 58 % Serbuk + 42 % Resin. Didapatkanlah hasil uji tarik tegangan maksium tertinggi variasi 41% serbuk kelapa + 59% resin sebesar 8.09 N/, regangan tertinggi variasi 58% serbuk dan 42% resin sebesar 0.3% dan modulus elastisitas tertinggi variasi 47% serbuk + 53% resin sebesar 80.83 N/. Morfologi yang menyatu baik dengan sempurna antara resin epoxy dan serbuk kelapa dengan variasi spesimen 59% resin epoxy dan 41% serbuk serabut kelapa. Kata kunci:  komposit epoxy, serbuk serabut kelapa, uji tarik
RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE PINTU PAGAR MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Afwadi Ifwal , Bukhari Bukhari , Dailami Dailami , Marzuki Marzuki , Sumardi Sumardi
Published: March 2021

Dengan berkembangnya teknologi mikrokontroler saat ini, sistem keamanan dapat dilakukan degan menggunakan alat elektronik sebagai pengganti sistem keamanan kunci konvensional dan dapat mempermudahkan suatu pekerjaan. Alat keamanan pintu ini menggunakan solenoid dan mengendalikannya melalui sensor ultrasonik. Alat ini dirancang dengan memamfaatkan Mikrokontroler, Arduino Uno sebagai pengendali utama, dimana sensor ultrasonik berfungsi sebagai alat untuk membuka pintu pagar dan memberikan perintah pada Mikrokontroler untuk mengendalikan motor. Alat ini bekekerja berdasarkan prisip pantulan gelombang suara dan digunakan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan suatu objet didepannya, maka mikrokontroler akan memberikan input high pada relay untuk mengaktifkan solenoid door lock dan motor berfungsi untuk menbuka pagar.Kata kunci: Sensor Ultrasonik, Selenoid Door Lock, Mikrokontroler Motor DC
Analisis Throughput Video Live Streaming pada Pengguna Layanan Internet Indihome dengan Resolusi Layar Berbeda
Authors: Mauliya Tihajar Sri , Hanafi Hanafi , Hanafi Hanafi
Published: March 2021

Throughput yang diperoleh pada pengguna layanan internet, berpengaruh dengan kualitas layanan internet dalam hal transfer data, terutama pada layanan video streaming yang sangat bergantung dengan throughput yang cukup besar. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran throughput terhadap layanan video streaming, pada sisi client jaringan, selama satu minggu. Pengukuran dilakukan pada layanan Indihome PT. Telkom Kota Lhokseumawe. Layanan video streaming yang diukur adalah video dengan resolusi layar 360p, 480p, 720p, dan 1080p, pada website lk21.org. Jumlah client saat pengukuran adalah 4 client yang mengakses website secara serentak. Throughput diukur menggunakan software wireshark. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa throughput rata-rata per client dalam kategori baik saat mengakses video streaming dengan resolusi video 360p, 480p, dan 720p, karena throughput rata-rata masing-masing video tersebut masih di atas kebutuhan bandwidth minimum masing-masing tipe video. Sementara untuk resolusi video 1080p dalam kategori buruk, kecuali hanya satu client saja yang mengakses video streaming, sehingga throughput yang diperoleh akan berada di atas kebutuhan minimum bandwidth tipe video 1080p.
La gestión cultural en los Colegios de Arquitectos. Balance de trece años entre dos siglos
Authors: Hernández Soriano Ricardo
Published: March 2021

El texto constituye el balance necesario de trece años de gestión cultural en el Colegio de Arquitectos de Granada, aplazado por la vorágine de una época convulsa, de permanentes retos profesionales y docentes, sin tiempo para el análisis razonado y reflexivo y expresado desde la contemplación nostálgica de la irremediable pérdida de peso social de los Colegios. La gestión cultural desarrollada añadió una mirada atenta y curiosa al panorama arquitectónico nacional desde ámbitos no exclusivamente profesionales y adoptó una postura comprometida con la cultura local para difundir y potenciar los valerosos ejemplos que supieron interpretar las posibilidades de transformación de la realidad existente a través de la arquitectura contemporánea.
1. Taller Cómo exponer la edición
Authors: Sobre Editor
Published: March 2021

FICHA TÉCNICA Fecha 16-24 marzo 2017 Lugar Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Granada Organización y profesorado David Arredondo Garrido. Profesor ETSA, Universidad de Granada. Coordinador. Tomás García Píriz. Profesor ETSA, Universidad de Granada. Domingo Campillo. Profesor BBAA, Universidad Murcia. Vanesa Aguilera Hatero. Profesora Escuela de Arte de Granada. Alumnos participantes José Manuel Moya Molina, María José Carrillo Pérez, Silvia Quesada Fernández, Patricia Hernández González, José Luis Rodríguez Martínez, Miguel Ángel Heredia, Manuel Navarrete, Carmen María García Sánchez, Cristina Medina Valverde, Loreto Corisco González, Estrella García Alcalde, Javier Vizuete Puyo, María Moreno García, Paula García Cerpa, Laura Pastor Rodríguez, Mario Martínez Santoyo, Alba Jiménez Navas, Agustín Valero Nuevo. Entidades colaboradoras Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas. Universidad de Granada. Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia. Universidad de Granada. Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Granada. Facultad de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de Granada. Faculta de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de Murcia. Grupo de investigación HUM813. Arquitectura y Cultura Contemporánea. Delegación de Alumnos de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura.
Динамика эффектов неконкурентного антагониста NMDA-рецепторов MK-801 в тесте распознавания зрительного стимула
Authors: Суханов Илья М. , Драволина Ольга Андреевна , Звартау Эдвин Эдуардович , Беспалов Антон Юрьевич
Published: March 2021

Недееспособность пациентов с шизофренией в большой степени определяется когнитивными нарушениями, которые не поддаются лекарственной коррекции. В связи с этим представляется актуальной разработка экспериментальных моделей характерных для шизофрении нарушений механизмов, регулирующих восприятие и обработку внешних раздражителей. Данное исследование было направлено на изучение вызванных блокадой NMDA-рецепторов изменений перцептивной вигильности в задаче распознавания зрительного стимула у крыс. Результаты проведённого эксперимента свидетельствуют, что введение блокатора NMDA-рецепторов (+)МК-801 сопровождается нарушением внимания только во второй половине экспериментальной сессии, что может объясняться происходящей во время теста сенсорной «перегрузкой» ЦНС.
To the question of universals in artistic and design activities
Authors: Barsukova Natalia
Published: March 2021

The article substantiates the need to unify the scientific approach to defining the universal categories of art and design. The conclusion about their key importance for design is made. It is proposed to consider them as universals and in ergodesign. This opens up new opportunities for cognition and application of the synthesis mechanism in ergodesign, the integral expression of the means of harmonizing the human environment that act in nature and design culture.
The adjunct’s initial level of training and creativity property as factors of a Ph.D. thesis successful defence
Authors: Pechnikov Andrey , Yakuba Grigoriy
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of studying the influence of the adjuncts’ initial level of training and creative abili-ties on the timeliness of writing and the success of defending candidate theses. Forecasting this indicator of the suc-cessful completing training in postgraduate studies has been determined.
Early morphogenesis of metacercariae of trematodes Paratimonia sp. Prevot and Bartoli, 1967 in gastropods Hydrobia acuta (Draparnaud, 1805) in the Black Sea environment
Authors: Belousova Yu. V.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the research is studying the morphology of larvae of Trematoda  Monorchiidae of the genus Paratimonia and establishing possible causes of their accelerated morphogenesis.

Materials and methods. The material for this study was trematode larvae (metacercariae) from 283 specimens of gastropods Hydrobia acuta that we collected in March 2012 at the estuary of the River Chernaya (Sevastopol, the Black Sea, 44°27′49″ N 33°51′37″ E). The gastropods were studied for helminths using the compression method. Some of specimens of the found trematodes were studied alive and others were fixed in 70% ethyl alcohol and then stained with acetocarmine according to the standard method. The morphological features of metacercaria were studied on live larvae.

Results and discussion. During helminthological research of gastropods Hydrobia, we recorded metacercariae of the family Monorchiidae. Non-encysted metacercariae were located freely in the host’s body cavity.
PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOR AGAINST COVID-19 AMONG VIETNAMESE PEOPLE IN THE SOCIAL DISTANCING CAMPAIGN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Si Hoan Luong Cu
Published: March 2021

In the global fight against the rapid spread of COVID-19, a variety of unprecedented preventive measures have been implemented across the globe, as well as in Vietnam. How Vietnamese people respond to threats to their health and life remains unclear. For this reason, the current study aims to examine Vietnamese people’s protective behavior and its factors. Based on 1,798 online survey respondents’ data collected on the last three days of the nationwide social distancing campaign in mid-April, it is found that gender, knowledge of COVID-19 and preventive measures, and attitudes towards the COVID-19 prevention policies are the three main factors of participants’ protective behaviors. We also find that males are less likely than females to adopt precautionary measures. People who are knowledgeable about COVID-19 may have inappropriate practices towards it. Further research is needed to examine other determinants of protective behaviors to provide more useful information for authorities, public health policy-makers, and healthcare workers to deliver the best practices to control COVID-19 in our country.
The COVID States Project #44: Trajectory of health-related behaviors in Massachusetts
Authors: Lazer David , Lin Jennifer , Baum Matthew , Perlis Roy H. , Santillana Mauricio , Druckman James , Ognyanova Katherine , Green Jon , Simonson Matthew , Quintana Alexi , Uslu Ata , Gitomer Adina
Published: March 2021

In this report, we analyze the trajectory of the pandemic in Massachusetts, from late April 2020 to March 1, 2021, examining public health behaviors and approval of Governor Charlie Baker’s handling of the crisis. For information on other states, please consult our interactive dashboard.
Phosphorus supply affects long-term carbon accumulation in mid-latitude ombrotrophic peatlands
Authors: Schillereff Daniel , Chiverrell Richard , Sjöström Jenny , Kylander Malin , Boyle John , Davies Jessica , Toberman Hannah , Tipping Edward
Published: March 2021

Ombrotrophic peatlands are a globally important carbon store and depend on atmospheric nutrient deposition to balance ecosystem productivity and microbial decomposition. Human activities have increased atmospheric nutrient fluxes, but the impacts of variability in phosphorus supply on carbon sequestration in ombrotrophic peatlands are unclear. Here, we synthesise phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon stoichiometric data in the surface and deeper layers of mid-latitude Sphagnum-dominated peatlands across Europe, North America and Chile. We find that long-term elevated phosphorus deposition and accumulation strongly correlate with increased organic matter decomposition and lower carbon accumulation in the catotelm. This contrasts with literature that finds short-term increases in phosphorus supply stimulates rapid carbon accumulation, suggesting phosphorus deposition imposes a threshold effect on net ecosystem productivity and carbon burial. We suggest phosphorus supply is an important, but overlooked, factor governing long-term carbon storage in ombrotrophic peatlands, raising the prospect that post-industrial phosphorus deposition may degrade this carbon sink.
Subclinical depression inhibits the sense of agency at the sensorimotor level
Authors: Nakamura Anna , Tanaka Akihiro
Published: March 2021

The sense of agency is a feeling that one’s actions affect the outer world, which can be implicitly measured by the intentional binding paradigm. Intentional binding is a temporal illusion in which the time interval of one’s voluntary action and the following effect is perceived as contracted. Although the abnormality of the sense of agency is related to various mental states, it is unclear how depression affects the sense of agency at the sensorimotor level in general. Twenty-four nonclinical participants judged the timing of a keypress and a tone, with or without action-effect association, and reported their depressive symptoms. Replicating the previous studies, in this study, the time prediction of the keypress shifted toward the tone and that of the tone shifted toward the keypress when a tone followed a voluntary keypress. It was found that individuals with more severe depressive symptoms had smaller intentional binding, indicating a decreased sense of agency at the sensorimotor level in subclinical depression. This finding could aid in further understanding the experience of depression at a fundamental level and treating such patients.
Opening the Black Box of Daily Life in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Research: With Great Opportunity Comes Great Responsibility
Authors: Kiekens Glenn , Robinson Kealagh , Tatnell Ruth , Kirtley Olivia J
Published: March 2021

Although non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) - deliberate damaging of body tissue without suicidal intent - is a behavior that occurs in interaction with real-world contexts, studying NSSI in the natural environment has historically been impossible. Recent advances in real-time monitoring technologies have revolutionized our ability to do exactly that, providing myriad research and clinical practice opportunities. In this vision paper, we review new research pathways to improve our ability to understand, predict and prevent NSSI, and provide critical perspectives on the responsibilities inherent to conducting real-time monitoring studies on NSSI. Real-time monitoring brings unique opportunities to advance scientific understanding about: (I) the dynamic course of NSSI, (II) the real-time predictors thereof and ability to detect acute risk, (III) the ecological validity of theoretical models, (IV) the functional mechanisms and outcomes of NSSI, and (V) the promotion of person-centered care and novel technology-based interventions. By considering the opportunities of real-time monitoring research in the context of the accompanying responsibilities (e.g., inclusive recruitment, sound and transparent research practices, participant safety and engagement, measurement reactivity, and researcher well-being and training), we provide novel insights and resources to open the black box of daily life in the next decade(s) of NSSI research.
Enhancing Participation in Probability-Based Online Panels: Two Incentive Experiments and their Effects on Response and Panel Recruitment
Authors: Witte Nils , Schaurer Ines , Schröder Jette , Décieux Jean Philippe , Ette Andreas
Published: March 2021

This article investigates how mail based online panel recruitment can be facilitated through incentives. The analysis relies on two incentive experiments and their effects on panel recruitment and the intermediate participation in the recruitment survey. The experiments were implemented in the context of the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study and encompass two samples of randomly sampled persons. Tested incentives include a conditional lottery, conditional monetary incentives, and the combination of unconditional money-in-hand with conditional monetary incentives. For an encompassing evaluation of the link between incentives and panel recruitment, the article further assesses the incentives’ implications for demographic composition and panel recruitment unit costs. Multivariate analysis indicates that low combined incentives (€5/€5) or, where unconditional disbursement is unfeasible, high conditional incentives (€20) are most effective in enhancing panel participation. In terms of demographic bias, low combined incentives (€5/€5) and €10 conditional incentives are the favored options. The budget options from the perspective of panel recruitment include the lottery and the €10 conditional incentive which break even at net sample sizes of 1,000.
Adolescent school injuries and classroom sex compositions in German secondary schools
Authors: Filser Andreas , Stadtmüller Sven , Lipp Robert , Preetz Richard
Published: March 2021

School injuries are an important adolescent health problem. Previous research suggests that relevant risk behaviors for school injuries, risk-taking and aggression, are highly susceptible to peer effects. Specifically, evidence suggests that the ratio of males and females in peer groups (sex ratio) affects individuals’ propensity for aggression and risk-taking. However, research so far has ignored potential associations of classroom sex ratios with adolescent school injury risks. In this paper, we investigate the association of classroom sex compositions with adolescent school injuries in a longitudinal survey dataset containing 13,131 observations from 9,204 adolescent students (ages 13-16) from secondary schools in Germany. The data also allow us to identify injuries that were due to aggressive behavior and analyze these injuries in detail. Results from multilevel logistic regression models reveal that adolescent students’ risk for school injuries is significantly and positively associated with male-skewed classroom sex ratios. Moreover, we find an even stronger positive association between male-dominated classrooms and aggression-injury risks. Finally, we find that both boys’ and girls’ injury risks equally increase with a higher proportion of males in their classroom. We discuss the implications of our findings with regard to the sex ratio literature and potential interventions.
River Culture in Nepal
Authors: Dahal Kamala
Published: March 2021

Most of the world civilizations are developed in the river basins. However, we do not have too big rivers in Nepal, though Nepalese culture is closely related with water and rivers. All the sacraments from birth to the death event in Nepalese society are related with river. Rivers and ponds are the living places of Nepali gods and goddesses. Jalkanya and Jaladeviare known as the goddesses of rivers. In the same way, most of the sacred places are located at the river banks in Nepal. Varahakshetra, Bishnupaduka, Devaghat, Triveni, Muktinath and other big Tirthas lay at the riverside. Most of the people of Nepal despose their death bodies in river banks. Death sacrement is also done in the tirthas of such localities. In this way, rivers of Nepal bear the great cultural value. Most of the sacramental, religious and cultural activities are done in such centers. Religious fairs and festivals are also organized in such a places. Therefore, river is the main centre of Nepalese cultural activities and we can find the remains of ld cultural remains in river basins.
कीर्तिपुर क्षेत्रका लिच्छविकालीन मानव बस्तीहरू
Authors: आचार्य Acharya महेश Mahesh कुमार Kumar
Published: March 2021

काठमाण्डांै उपत्यकाको दक्षिण पश्चिम क्षेत्रको डाँडोमा कीर्तिपुरसहर अवस्थित छ । पुरानो नेवार बस्ती र उनीहरूको भौतिक संस्कृतिका दृष्टिले समेत यो सहर सम्पन्न रहेको छ । सहरको ऐतिहासिकताको बारेमा वंशावलीहरूले यो सहर पूर्व मध्यकालमा राजा शिवदेवले निर्माण गरेको बताएको पाइन्छ । अध्ययनको क्रममा भने यस सहरका धेरै ठाउँमा लिच्छविकालका भौतिक अवशेषहरू पनि पाइएका छन् । हालसम्म पनि यो सहरमा नेपालको स्वर्ण युग मानिने लिच्छविकालमा मानव बसोबास रहेको थियो वा थिएन भन्ने विषयमा कुनै खोज हुन सकेको छैन । यसै पृष्ठभूमिमा यस क्षेत्रमा लिच्छविकालमा मानव बसोबास थियो वा थिएन ?, यदि मानव बसोबास रहेको भए कुन कुन क्षेत्रमा मानव बसोबास रहेको थियो ? भन्ने शोध प्रश्नको उत्तर खोज्ने उद्धेश्यले यो अध्ययन गरिएको हो । यस आलेखमा कीर्तिपुर क्षेत्रमा लिच्छविकालमा विकसित मानव बस्तीहरूको पहिचानलाई मुख्य उद्धेश्य बनाइएको छ । यो अध्ययन मूलतः अन्वेषणात्मक प्रकृतिको गुणात्मक र ऐतिहासिक अध्ययन भएको हुँदा आवश्यक तथ्यहरू ऐतिहासिक तथा पुराताŒिवक स्रोतहरूबाट संकलन गरिएको छ । विशेष गरेर लिच्छविकालीन मानव बस्तीको खोजी गर्नका लागि लिच्छवि अभिलेखहरूको अवस्थिति र अभिलेखमा वर्णित ठाउँ सम्बन्धी विवरणहरूबाट कतिपय तथ्यहरू संकलन गरिएको छ । त्यसबाहेक पुराताŒिवक अन्वेषणबाट भेटिएका लिच्छविकालीन भौतिक अवशेष विषेशगरी मूर्ति, सालिक वा अन्य वास्तुसंरचनालाई पनि तथ्य संकलनको आधार बनाइएको छ । पुरानो मानव बसोबासको सङ्केत गर्ने कतिपय मौखिक परम्परा वा किंवदन्तीहरू तथा आख्यानहरूबाट पनि केही तथ्यहरू संकलन गरिएको छ । यसबाहेक पूर्व प्रकाशित पुस्तक, लेख आदि द्वितीय स्रोतहरूबाट पनि आवश्यक तथ्यहरू संकलन गरिएको छ । यी तथ्यहरूलाई व्याख्या विश्लेषण गरेर हालको कीर्तिपुर क्षेत्रमा रहेका मानव बस्तीहरू मध्ये बाघभैरव, उमामहेश्वर क्षेत्र, चोभार, चारघरे, खाःसि बजार क्षेत्र र ट्याङ्ला क्षेत्रमा लिच्छविकालमा मानव बसोबास रहेको तथ्य यस लेखको माध्ययमबाट प्रकाशमा ल्याइएको छ । यस बाहेक यहाँका पुराना भनिएका पाँगा, इटागोल आदि बस्तीहरू मध्यकालमा मात्र विकसित भएको तथ्य पनि यस अध्ययनबाट प्रकाशमा आएको छ ।
शक्तिका श्रोत नवदुर्गाहरू
Authors: पोखरेल निर्मला
Published: March 2021

मानव सभ्यता संग–संगै मातृशक्तिको उपासना पद्दतिको शुरुवात भएको देखिन्छ । यो समयमाप्रजननमा समर्थ नारीमा देवी शक्तिको कल्पना गरिन्थ्यो । मानवको यही भावनाले आदिकालमा नै शक्तिकोरूप लियो । सिन्धु सभ्यतामा धरती मातालाई ‘पृथिवीकी रानी’ मानी शक्तिको रूपमा पूजा गर्दथे । देवताहरूकोसर्वाेच्च देवत्व शक्तिमा नै निहित भएको मानिन्छ । शक्ति सर्वव्यापी तत्व हो, त्री–देव लगायत सम्पूर्ण देवताहरूशक्तिको उपस्थिति विना क्रियाशील हुन सक्दैनन् । उनले देवीदेवता र प्राणीलाई जन्म दिई शक्तिको संचार गर्नेहुनाले स्त्रीरूपमा कल्पना गरियो र आमाको स्थान दिईयो र उनै विश्वशक्तिको नाम भगवती पनि रहन गयो ।विस्तारै यीनै भगवतीका विभिन्न स्वरूपको उपासना गरिन थालियो यही क्रममा दुर्गाका रूपमा पनि उनकोस्वतन्त्र अस्तित्व प्रारम्भ भयो । दुर्गास्वरूपमा पनि नवदुर्गा मण्डलीको छुट्टै समुह रहेको छ । नवदुर्गा समूहमामुख्य देवी दुर्गा हुन् र यिनैका अन्य आठरूपलाई जोडेर नवदुर्गा हुने हुन् । सर्वशक्तिमान देवी महिषासुरमर्दिनीपनि नवदुर्गा भवानी हुन् । नवैवटी देवीहरूको स्वरूपमा नवदुर्गा गण संस्कृति सुस्पस्ट रूपमा भने अंशुवर्माकोसमय देखि धार्मिक मतहरूमा तन्त्र सिद्धान्तको वढ्ता प्रभाव पर्न थालेपछि देखिएको पाइन्छ ।नवदुर्गा समूहमा गनिने दुर्गादेवीहरूको नाम नेपाल र भारत दुवै ठाउँमा फरक फरक देखिन्छ ।उपत्यकामा नवदुर्गा संस्कृतिको ख्यातिप्राप्त स्थान भक्तपुर रहिआएको छ । यहाँ देहधारी मानवलाई नै नवदुर्गावनाएर नृत्य, पूजाआजा आदि पनि गरिन्छ । आफुहरूले समाधान गर्न नसकेका समस्याहरू सल्टाउन, पराजितगर्न नसकेका दैत्यहरूलाई नष्टगर्न, आफुमा विशेष शक्ति आर्जन गर्न, देवताहरू पनि यिनै दुर्गा देवीहरूलाईआह्वान गरि पूजा–आराधना गर्दछन् । शक्तिका श्रोत नवदुर्गाहरू शीर्षकको यो लेखले समग्रमा नवदुर्गाकोपरिचय, प्राचीनता, विकाशको चर्चा गरेको छ साथै अरु उपशीर्षकहरूमा यिनै देवीहरूको विषयवस्तुमा केन्द्रितभएर विभिन्न सन्दर्भहरूको विष्लेषण सहित निष्कर्ष प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
Government Policies for Economic Recovery and Handling COVID -19 Virus in Indonesia
Authors: Anggarini Desy Tri , Rakhmanita Ani
Published: March 2021

WHO establishes coronavirus (coronavirus disease, COVID-19), as the Public Health Anxiety of the World on January 30, 2020. The increase in countries affected by the Covid-19 virus is widespread throughout the world such as America, Spain and Italy making the world economic situation even more get worse. Some institutions predict the weakening of the world economy. The contraction of the global economy is still ongoing, uncertainty in the global financial markets has declined as the sluggish spread of COVID-19. The limitation of economic activity as a step for handling COVID-19 risks reducing global economic growth in 2020. Research on Government Policy for  Economic Recovery and handling  COVID-19 Virus in Indonesia, taking stimulus from fiscal and monetary policies undertaken by the Bank Indonesian , Ministry of Finance and Regulations Government 2020, with descriptive qualitative research methods using secondary data such as literature books, review studies from the internet and policies from the government and related ministries. The results of this study have carried out monetary policy through Bank Indonesia, and fiscal policy through the Ministry of finance and supported by Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of the National Economic Recovery Program in the Context of Supporting State Financial Policies for Handling the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) and / or Facing Threats That Harm National Economy and / or Financial System Stability and Save the National Economy. Keywords: Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy, Covid -19, Corona Virus
СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТЬ И РАВЕНСТВО КАК АЛЬТЕРНАТИВЫ СВОБОДЕ В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОМ КОНТЕКСТЕ РОССИЙСКОГО СОЦИУМА
Authors: Гузынин Н. Г.
Published: March 2021

in the historical context of Russia, the correlation and interrelation of the concepts and values of freedom with justice and equality are considered. It is shown that in Russian society, historically, based on the Byzantine model of the relationship between the state and the Church, these institutions nurtured humility, patience, and asceticism to all the vicissitudes of life in the mentality and way of life of the Russian people. This is why the consciousness of the Russian ethnic group has a special craving for permanent affirmation of the values of equality and justice in everyday life at different times and periods. The discontent of the masses, which resulted in riots, uprisings, and other forms of protest, was the result of their feeling that the rich and the authorities were violating equality and justice in their way of life. The article shows the mediative role of justice in relation to equality and freedom and the constant mental perception of equality as justice in Russian historical realities. Special attention is paid to understanding the reasons for the ineradicable desire of Russian society for justice, which turns into opposites of injustice and inequality. An important statement is the idea that in Russian society it is necessary to form objective and subjective conditions that root the value of freedom, without which justice cannot be fully established. The author emphasizes the need to make a change in the culture and mentality of Russians in the understanding that justice without freedom is unfair, and justice is just only in Union with freedom. It is the transition from the confrontational model of “justice against freedom” to the model of “just justice based on freedom” that will largely determine the civilizational breakthrough to a successful future for Russia.
Dynamics and Interplay between International Politics and War Economy
Authors: Mehdi Mudassir , Ahmad Riaz , Jameel Arif
Published: March 2021

The experiences of developed countries about the cost of adjustment were quite different; therefore, it is very complex to analyze the interplay between these two variables relationship between military spending and economic development of the country; this also brought the significance of war politics, economies and the political economy of war industries at domestic, regional and international level. Therefore, it is necessary to take care of reallocating the national budgets for adopting the policies of conversion to aid structural adjustments in different sectors of the economy in developing countries. The circumstances differ; it is important to concede the role of military spending in socio-economic development and its effectiveness in economies. Only when the information on these variables are available, then the policies will be made possible at the national and international level for any developing countries to meet the challenge of development. This will lead the nourishment of human capital and human development index.
Coronal balance with circumferential minimally invasive spinal deformity surgery for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis: are we leaning in the right direction?
Authors: Walker Corey T. , Godzik Jakub , Angel Santiago , Giraldo Juan Pedro , Turner Jay D. , Uribe Juan S.
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

Coronal malalignment (CM) in adult spinal deformity is associated with poor outcomes and remains underappreciated in the literature. Recent attempts at classifying CM indicate that some coronal shifts may be more difficult to treat than others. To date, outcomes for circumferential minimally invasive surgery (cMIS) of the spine in the context of these new CM classifications are unreported.

METHODS

A retrospective evaluation of patients with degenerative scoliosis (Cobb angle > 20°) consecutively treated with cMIS at a single institution was performed. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative standing radiographs were used to make the comparisons. Clinical outcome measures were compared. Patients were subgrouped according to the preoperative distance between their C7 plumb line and central sacral vertical line (C7-CSVL) as either coronally aligned (type A, C7-CSVL < 3 cm); shifted ≥ 3 cm toward the concavity (type B); or shifted ≥ 3 cm toward the convexity (type C) of the main lumbar curve.

RESULTS

Forty-two patients were included (mean age 67.7 years). Twenty-six patients (62%) were classified as type A, 5 patients (12%) as type B, and 11 patients (26%) as type C. An average of 4.9 segments were treated. No type A patients developed postoperative CM. All type B patients had CM correction. Six of the 11 type C patients had CM after surgery. Overall, there was an improvement in the C7-CSVL (from 2.4 to 1.8 cm, p = 0.04). Among subgroups, only type B patients improved (from 4.5 to 0.8 cm, p = 0.002); no difference was seen for type A patients (from 1.2 to 1.4 cm, p = 0.32) or type C patients (from 4.3 to 3.1 cm, p = 0.11). Comparing type C patients with postoperative CM versus those without postoperative CM, patients with CM had worse visual analog scale back scores at 1 year (5 vs 1, p = 0.01). Moreover, they had higher postoperative L4 tilt angles (11° vs 5°, p = 0.01), indicating inadequate correction of the lumbosacral fractional curve.

CONCLUSIONS

cMIS improved coronal alignment, curve magnitudes, and clinical outcomes among patients with degenerative scoliosis. It did not result in CM in type A patients and was successful at improving the C7-CSVL in type B patients. Type C patients remain the most difficult to treat coronally, with worse visual analog scale back pain scores in those with postoperative CM. Regional coronal restoration of the lumbosacral fracture curve should be the focus of correction in cMIS for these patients.
Implementation of the alternative tourism paradigm in Bali Aga Traditional Village
Authors:   Universitas Ganesha, Andiani Nyoman Dini , Antara I Made ,   Universitas Udayana, Ardika Wayan ,   Universitas Udayana, Sunarta I Nyoman ,   Universitas Udayana
Published: March 2021

The paradigm of developing alternative tourism is a development option for Bali Aga village as a tourism village. This paper aims at investigating form of alternative tourism implementation in Bali Aga Village valued by its tourist activities. This research focuses on tourist aspects including the importance of culture, motives for traveling (what they do on holiday and how they feel and behave) such as participating with the local people making bamboo weaving, they felt like family members. Because of the interaction that makes tourists and local people very closely filled with a sense of kinship. The importance of this research is to determine how much the characteristics of alternative tourism have been implemented in Bali Aga village. This research is a qualitative research. Data were taken by administering purposive sampling technique. The results of the study are used as a basis for describing the application of alternative tourism concepts in two villages of Bali Aga, namely Pedawa Village and Sidatapa Village, Buleleng Regency. The study shows that (1) tourists really like the culture that is owned by the community, (2) the purpose of visiting tourists does have a purpose to get to know the culture of the community and be involved in people's lives; (3) visiting tourists live in the home of the Bali Aga village community. Thus, the totality of community involvement as actors of tourist service providers has been able to show the main characteristics of alternative tourism.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN IMPLEMENTASI INTERNET OF THINGS: DENGAN MEMAMFAATKAN ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT MODUL PADA MODA TRANSPORTASI DARAT RODA 4
Authors: Wibawa Sigit
Published: March 2021

“Internet of Things” adalah babak baru Perkembangan teknologi modern pada saat ini hampir semua perangkat dan mesin bisa berkomunikasi, interaksi dan komunikasi mesin dengan mesin, komputer dengan komputer sangat menarik untuk dilakukan penelitian dan dilakukan analisa implementasi, komunikasi mesin dengan mesin atau komputer dengan komputer membutuhkan satu protokol atau antarmuka sebagai sarana untuk interaksi antara pengguna dengan sistem operasi, kendaraan atau alat transportasi darat sudah dilengkapi dengan Electronic Control Unit (ECU), dengan konektor OBD-2 penulis memamfaatkannya sebagai protokol antarmuka komunikasi dengan perangkat telpon gengam melalui bluetooth sehingga kondisi dan status kendaraan bisa diketahui dan hasilnya bisa digunakan untuk pendahuluan analisa seorang mekanik di bengkel dan  status kendaraan ini bahkan kita bisa bagikan di media sosial.