New methods of integrated assessment of sows by indicators of reproductive qualities
Authors: Khalak V. I. 
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of studies of indicators of reproductive qualities of sows of large white breed of various intrabreed differentiation according to some evaluation indices, the criteria for selecting highly productive animals and the economic efficiency of their use are determined. On the basis of experimental data, аppendix 10 to the Instruction on the grading of pigs (correction factor for correcting the weight of the piglet nest at weaning at 60 days of age) has been modified and a new method has been developed for assessing sows according to the indicator "uniformity (uniformity) of a sow's nest in terms of live weight of piglets at weaning time" (IVG60). The studies were carried out in the «Druzhba - Kaznacheevka» JLLC in the Dnepropetrovsk region and the animal husbandry laboratory of the State Institution Institute of Grain Crops of the NAAS. The work was carried out in accordance with PSR NAAS No. 30 “Innovative technologies for pedigree, industrial and organic production of pig products (“Pigbreeding”). The assessment of sows in terms of reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: multiple fertility, head, large fertility, kg, number of piglets at weaning time, head, nest weight at weaning time, kg (actual), nest weight at weaning time of 60 days, kg (calculated), safety, %. A comprehensive assessment of sows in terms of reproducti-ve qualities was carried out according to breeding indices of reproductive qualities of sows (SIVKS) (A. N. Tserenyuk et al., 2010), the index of N.D. Berezovsky (cited by P. A. Vashchenko, 2019), biometric processing of research results – according to the methods of G. F. Lakin (1990). It was found that 26.4 7 % of sows of the controlled herd, according to the characteristics of reproductive qualities (abundance, head, nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 60 days (calculated), kg) belong to the elite class, 65.44 – I class, 7.35 – II class. The number of animals, according to the average score, are categorized as "out of class" is 0.73 %. The multiplicity of sows is 11.1 ± 0.15 heads. (Cv = 15.76 %), large fruit – 1.41 ± 0.009 kg (Cv = 7.88 %), the number of piglets at weaning time – 9.7 ± 0.13 head (Cv = 16.60 %), weight nests at the time of weaning, kg (actual) – 74.3 ± 0.85 kg (Cv = 13.48 %), weight of the nest at the time of weaning in 60 days, kg (calculated) – 175.9 ± 2.160 kg (Cv = 13.43 %), safety – 87.9 ± 0.49 % (Cv = 6.84 %). The index of uniformity (uniformity) of a sow's nest in terms of live weight of piglets at the time of birth is 5.21 ± 0.076 points (Cv = 17.11 %), at the time of weaning – 8.32 ± 0.156 points (Cv = 21.98 %), selection sow reproductive qualities index (SIVKS) – 88.31 ± 1.118 points (Cv = 14.77 %). Coefficients of pair correlation between the estimated indices IVG0, IVG60, SIVKS and signs of reproductive qualities range from -0.438 (index of uniformity (uniformity) of the nest of a sow in terms of live weight of piglets at the time of weaning, point (IVG60) × large fruit) to + 0.988 ± 0, 0020 (breeding index of reproductive qualities of a sow (SIVKS) × multiple pregnancy). The maximum increase in additional products received from animals of class M+ – 27.60 %, and its cost is equal to 685.33 UAH/head. Key words: sow, reproductive qualities, integrated assessment, evenness (uniformity) of the nest, variability, correlation, economic efficiency.