bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of statistical indicators in the study of public health
Authors: Volchatova I. V.
Published: October 2022

Public health depends on the ecological state and socio-economic development of the territory, the age and gender structures of the population, the health status, natural, climatic and other factors. Absolute and relative statistical indicators are used to describe public health. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relative statistical indicators of public health of the population of Irkutsk region for the last years. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2011-2021 were used as an information base for calculations. In the “precrisis” period, the mortality rate of the population in Irkutsk region was about 13.5%, which is slightly higher than the all-Russian indicator, but within the average level on the scale of the World Health Organization. The spread of COVID-19 increased the total mortality in 2021 to 17.7%. An increase in the mortality rate was 22.9% compared to 2010. The analysis of extensive indicators showed that in the structure of mortality of the population by the main classes of causes, the circulatory system diseases rank first, neoplasms rank second, and external causes rank third. During the pandemic, with the existing practice classifying the mortality causes the structure of mortality may be incorrect. Until the situation with COVID-19 becomes stable, it is advisable to focus both on relative and absolute indicators when studying demographic processes.
Assessment of the fire risk in using furnaces at housing and communal facilities of the Baikal region
Authors: Koryakin A. A.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze fire risks in using furnace heating at housing and communal facilities in the Baikal region. It was revealed that the largest number of furnace heating caused fires occurs in the residential sector of rural areas, followed by other objects serving various purposes: premises for temporary stay of people, buildings and premises for public services. The least number of fires occurs in new buildings in rural areas. An analysis revealed the causes of fires: poor–quality furnaces and their improper operation (the absence or insufficient size of cutouts, recesses and distances between the heated surfaces of furnace elements and combustible (difficult-to-burn) building structures, faulty furnaces, smoke channels and cutouts, furnace use rules violation). Moreover, in rural settlements, fires are often caused by the ineffective work of local governments.
Causes of intra-organization conflict: Telecommuting triggered by the epidemic
Authors: Li Junjun , Li Zhongwu
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has made many companies in China adopting telecommuting to continue their operations. Like traditional office work, telecommuting requires communication and cooperation to complete the work, and getting along with others means the possibility of conflict. Therefore, conflict can also occur in telecommuting. The purpose of this paper is to analyze telecommuting based on conflict process theory and build a model to test the hypothesis. Quota sampling and convenience sampling are used to conduct online questionnaires, and quantitative research methods are used to analyze the collected data and provide solutions. To this end, 282 Chinese respondents from different service industries completed online questionnaires. Through empirical analysis, the results show that telecommuting has a significant negative relationship with inter-role conflict and interpersonal conflict but has a significant positive effect on stress. In addition, interpersonal conflict, stress, and inter-role conflict have significant positive impacts on affective conflict. Similarly, interpersonal conflict and stress have significant positive effects on cognitive conflict. However, the relationship between inter-role conflict and cognitive conflict, cognitive conflict, and affective conflict is not significant. Thus, the results provide suggestions for managers on how to manage telecommuters and key factors that need to be considered. It also provides a new way for other scholars to study telecommuting.
Acknowledgments We thank LetPub (www.letpub.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.
Fortified Confectionery Creams on Vegetable Oils with a Modified Carbohydrate Profile
Authors: Zaytseva Larisa , Ruban Natalia , Tsyganova Tatiana , Mazukabzova Ella
Published: October 2022

The World Health Organization insists on limiting easily digestible carbohydrates, saturated fats, and trans-isomers of fatty acids in human diet. Therefore, formulations of high-calorie confectionery products have to be modified. The research objective was to develop confectionery creams with a modified carbohydrate profile and a reduced calorie content, fortified with omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fibers.

The study featured a traditional formulation of butter cream and experimental samples of confectionery creams on vegetable oils with a modified carbohydrate profile. The research involved standard methods of assessing sensory and physicochemical properties of the control and experimental cream samples. The content of soluble and insoluble dietary fibers was estimated by enzymatic gravimetric method, while the content of tocopherols was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

The test samples of creams on vegetable oil with modified carbohydrate profile had a fiber content of 4.0–18.5 g/100 g, represented by oat bran powder with 28% beta-glucan, arabinogalactan, and inulin. The amount of omega-3 fatty acids was 0.2 g/100 g, and the fat content was 15–26%. Easily digestible carbohydrates were represented exclusively by lactose of milk powder (0.5–3.5 g/100 g of cream). The test creams were fortified with D-α-tocopherol acetate: 2.6–4.5 mg/50 g. The density of the resulting products was 0.75–0.90 g/cm3, which made it possible to use them both as independent desserts and as semi-products.

The developed confectionery creams complied with the legislation of the EurAsEC on food products fortified with dietary fiber and omega-3 fatty acids. They can be labeled as sugar-free (≤ 0.5 g/100 g) or low sugar (≤ 5 g/100 g) products. Therefore, they are safe for customers with obesity and diabetes.
Cold Plasma Pretreatment in Plant Material Drying
Authors: Shorstkii Ivan
Published: October 2022

Efficient production requires reliable scientific foundations for new energy-saving technologies and drying processes that are able to transform plant materials into functional products. Mathematical modeling and control can provide efficient drying of cold plasma pretreated plant materials and predict its results.

The present research featured raw potatoes and apples that underwent an electrophysical treatment by atmospheric pressure plasma in an air gas medium. The Luikov drying model served as the main model of heat and mass transfer as a system of coupled differential equations of humidity and temperature potentials. The mathematical modeling procedure and the program code were implemented in the MathCAD software.

The cold plasma pretreatment proved to decrease the drying time. A greater disintegration index resulted in a shorter total drying time. The mathematical modelling of the heat and mass transfer processes almost coincided with the experimental results. The analysis of kinetic transfer coefficients of heat, moisture, and pressure potentials made it possible to develop a control parameter of the drying process of plant materials enti tled as the disintegration index.

The proposed mathematical model explained the emerging effects, while the refined kinetic coefficients supported by experimental data clarified the processes in the drying material.
Eksplorasi Liminalitas Event Online Komunitas di Komunitas Indo Harry Potter
Authors:   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Dalila Devara Mirrah , Refanda Andita ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Ardianto Eka ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Hartono Yudo ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: October 2022

Di masa pandemi COVID-19, pelaksanaan event online memuncak, baik yang diselenggarakan oleh berbagai event organizer, akademisi, hingga komunitas. Floo Network, diselenggarakan Komunitas Indo Harry Potter (IHP) secara online dengan salah satu tujuannya sebagai pengganti ajang pertemuan bagi anggota komunitas karena kegiatan fisik sementara harus dihindari. Event online komunitas yang melakukan ritual didalamnya dapat berpotensi menciptakan liminalitas. Liminalitas adalah proses dari pre liminal, liminal, dan post liminal. Liminalitas menjadi penting untuk diteliti karena dalam proses ritual terdapat unsur liminalitas yang dapat menghasilkan energi emosional secara kolektif dan solidaritas kelompok. Penelitian ini memiliki fokus untuk mengeksplor liminalitas yang terjadi pada event online komunitas. Metodologi naratif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui observasi online dan online in-depth interview akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis Freytag. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa di Floo Network liminalitas yang berbeda-beda pada setiap anggota Komunitas IHP yang terlibat.
Analisis Pengaruh Overall Experience Terhadap Memorable Tourism dan Revisit Intention
Authors:   Prodi Event Management, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Nurdiana Almira , Jauza Putri Disya ,   Prodi Event Management, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Soehadi Agus W. ,   Prodi Event Management, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Wijanarti Sri Widya ,   Prodi Event Management, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: October 2022

Overall experience merupakan faktor penting dalam memprediksi pengalaman yang dikenang pengunjung, sehingga overall experience perlu dibangun supaya pengunjung dapat datang kembali kepada suatu festival. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisa pengaruh overall experience terhadap memorable tourism experience dan revisit intention dengan objek penelitian yaitu Java Jazz Festival. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 196 pengunjung Java Jazz Festival yang telah mengunjungi festival pada jangka waktu 3 tahun terakhir (2017, 2018, dan 2019) dengan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif eksplanatif dengan analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan AMOS 24. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan 6 dimensi experience (entertainment, educational, esthetic, escapist, economic value, dan festivity) merupakan pengukur variabel overall experience. Overall experience mempengaruhi memorable tourism experience dan mempengaruhi revisit intention secara langsung.
Tourism Marketing 3.0 on Mangunan Orchad to Create SustainableTourism in Yogyakarta
Authors:   Hotel Departement, Ambarrukmo Tourism Institute Yogyakarta, Jl. Ahmad Yani Jl. Ringroad Timur No.52, Pelem Mulong, Banguntapan, Kec. Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55198, Sulistyo Agung , Nur Annisa Rosalina ,   Hotel Departement, Ambarrukmo Tourism Institute Yogyakarta, Jl. Ahmad Yani Jl. Ringroad Timur No.52, Pelem Mulong, Banguntapan, Kec. Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55198
Published: October 2022

The concept of Tourism Marketing 3.0 has been applied by several tourist destinations in the world to attract tourist visits. The indicators used are Technology Change, Political Legal Change, Economic Change, Socio-Culture Change and Market Change. The number of tourist attractions popping up in Yogyakarta encourage managers to set the right strategies and plans so that the tourist attraction of the Mangunan Orchard is increasingly in demand. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of the concept of Tourism Marketing 3.0 on the tourist attraction of the Mangunan Orchard, in order to attract tourist visits. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach combined with the concept of Tourism Marketing 3.0 analysis. Data collection in this study uses in-depth interviews, observation, documentary methods, visual material methods, and literature study. The subjects of this study were several people who came from the Department of Agriculture, Food, Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, the Department of Tourism, Managers in the field, as well as several tourists who visited the Tourist attraction of Mangunan Orchard. Based on research that has been done, the results obtained that the tourist attraction of the Mangunan Orchard is not in accordance with the concept of Tourism Marketing 3.0. This is because the attributes used: Technology Change, Political Legal Change, Economic Change, Socio-Culture Change and Market Change have not been fully applied. With these results, the right strategies and programs are needed in applying the concept to attract tourist visits.
Kenaikan Tingkat Pembelian Daring Secara Impulsif pada Situs Wisata
Authors:   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan,Tangerang, Banten15339, Imron Rosihan , Nurdaffa Oktavian Chaka ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan,Tangerang, Banten15339, Ramadhan Muhammad Kevin ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan,Tangerang, Banten15339, Abel Soeharto Muhammad ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan,Tangerang, Banten15339, Widarsyah Redha ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan,Tangerang, Banten15339
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk menyajikan model untuk menggambarkan bagaimana kualitas situs web (dimoderasi oleh nilai hedonis) mempengaruhi perilaku belanja impulsif dalam konteks pariwisata online. Metodologi model dan hipotesis yang disajikan di sini diuji dengan pemodelan persamaan struktural. Data empiris dikumpulkan dengan melakukan survei kuesioner. Studi ini menemukan bahwa situs web yang unik dan menarik secara visual, lebih mungkin untuk menarik pelanggan dan calon pelanggan dan tanggapan emosional yang menyenangkan maupun tidak menyenangkan. Pada akhirnya, pemanfaatan fungsi yang baik sangat membantu calon pelanggan menghemat waktunya untuk mencari layanan tertentu. Serta, dapat memicu stimulus yang mampu melakukan pembelian impulsif. Dalam upaya untuk menjelaskan perilaku belanja online impulsif, penelitian ini berfokus pada aplikasi online-to-offline, dan service dominant logic. Para penulis juga membahas pengaruh penting kualitas situs web terhadap pembelian impulsif dan bagaimana hal ini dibantu oleh nilai hedonis.Model penelitian yang disajikan dalam penelitian ini menyediakan instrumen yang dapat diandalkan untuk mengoperasionalkan konstruksi utama dalam analisis perilaku belanja impulsif dan memiliki implikasi penting bagi industri pariwisata online.
The Potential Development of Dark Tourism in Goa Gudawang, Bogor Regency
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Bogor, Jl. Curug Mekar No.17, RT.01/RW.04, Yasmin, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat 16113, Dinitri Seruni , De Sember Yohannes ,   Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Bogor, Jl. Curug Mekar No.17, RT.01/RW.04, Yasmin, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat 16113
Published: October 2022

Goa Gudawang is a natural cave site located in Bogor Regency. It was believed as a meditation by a number of warriors from the land of Pasundan and also often seen ’striped tigers’ who owned the pasundan land. The purpose of the study is to discover the potential development of dark tourism in Goa Gudawang. The methods used in this research are qualitative and quantitative method. The authors do direct exploration to the research site to get primary data regarding Goa Gudawang. Interviews and questioners were also conducted to Goa Gudawang Guards, local communities, Bogor Regency Culture and Tourism Office, and also visitors. In addition, the authors obtained data from literature related to research that is being done. The results found that Goa Gudawang has potential to become a dark tourism attraction as a dark exhibition. It has a symbol for dark tourism, but need more support from the local Government in order to make it as a dark exhibition. Nowadays, Goa Gudawawan is only focus on natural tourism. Its need added value to make it as special interest tourism especially for dark tourism. Moreover, Goa Gudawang only has one attraction to develop dark tourism, as a cave tourist usually uses it for meditation. But Goa Gudawang is rarely found in other places and has its own uniqueness for conducting dark tourism.
Kemampuan Berkomunikasi Front Desk dalam Melayani Tamu Hotel
Authors:   Department Tourism and Hospitality, Polytechnic Sahid Jakarta Jl. Gandaria III No.3, RT.7/RW.1, Taman Puring, Kec. Kby. Baru, Kota Jakarta Selatan, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 12130, Indonesia, Augus Rini Nuryadina
Published: October 2022

Hotel adalah sarana tempat menginap bagi beberapa orang yang sedang berkunjung ke suatu tempat. Kunjungan mereka memiliki tujuan tertentu yang pada umumnya untuk urusan bisnis atau berlibur. Alasan beberapa orang memilih hotel sebagai tempat menginap sementara karena mimiliki fasilitas yang tamu inginkan, dan mengharapkan pelayanan yang baik yang mereka ingin dapatkan. Salah satu departemen yang memberikan pelayanan disaat pertama kali masuk di ruang lobby adalah departemen Front Office. Departemen FO memberikan pelayanan yang lengkap bagi tamu yang datang. Sejak memasuki ruang lobby, tamu akan mendapatkan pelayanan reservasi, informasi, telephone operator, concierge bertugas melayani tamu dan barang-barang yang dibawa, dan kasir. Tamu akan lebih banyak berinteraksi dengan karyawan front desk, sehingga karyawan front desk perlu membangun interaksi yang baik melalui komunikasi. Komunikasi yang baik dan sopan menjadi daya tarik tamu untuk datang menginap berulang di lain waktu. Namun kadang komunikasi yang dijalin dapat memberikan dampak buruk apabila ada kesalahpaham yang ditimbulkan akibat beberapa faktor. Faktor-faktor terjadinya komunikasi yang membuat pemberi dan penerima pesan menjadi salahpaham sebisa mungkin di hindari. Ada berbagai macam solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk menghindari komunikasi yang berakibat kesalahpahaman yang fatal. Oleh karena itu peneliti mencoba memberikan faktor-faktor penyebab kesalahpahaman dan bagaimana menghindari kesalahpahamn komunikasi yang terjadi.
Pengembangan Manajemen Usaha Pempek Melalui Program Community Development di Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Authors:   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Gunawan Desya , Erlangga Ezra ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Febe Felicia ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Khalifah Agung Muhammad ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Standy Riando ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Wiratama Buntaran Rivaldi ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Ivanka Hasan Vanya ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Ardianto Ari ,   School of Business and Economics Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: October 2022

According to Disnakertrans, there is an increase of income from jobs in the sub-district which makes financial management even more important. The Community Development Program helps out small businesses with the help of Prasetiya Mulya University students majoring in business, finance, marketing, and events. The team will take on a small Pempek business with no brand name, no standard of operational procedure, and little financial management. The team’s task is to improve and develop the small business in one month to help the business sustain against competitions. The team has jumpstarted it’s sales, marketing, human resources, finance, and operation with an investment worth of IDR 2 million, an operational rework to make the production run smoothly, promotions, and constant mentoring from the team.
GERAKAN DONASI BUKU DALAM UPAYA MEMBANGUN BUDAYA LITERASI : TAHAP 1
Authors:   Sistem Komputer, Universitas Serang Raya, Rosalina Vidila , Hikmatullah Hikmatullah ,   Pegiat Literasi, TBM Cilegon, Oktri Widiyanto Wahyu ,   Teknik Industri, Universitas Serang Raya, Fernando Donny ,   Sistem Informasi, Universitas Serang Raya, Harsiti Harsiti ,   )Sistem Informasi, Universitas Serang Raya
Published: October 2022

Masyarakat suatu bangsa memiliki hubungan yang vertikal terhadap kualitas bangsa. Tingginya minat membaca buku seseorang berpengaruh terhadap wawasan, mental, dan prilaku seseorang. Bangsa Indonesia adalah bangsa dengan tingkat literasi yang masih rendah padahal sudah 70 tahun sejak Indonesia menjadi negara merdeka. Ada banyak faktor kenapa literasi masyarakat Indonesia memilki persentase yang rendah. Permasalahan ini harus segera mendapatkan perhatian serius bukan hanya dari pemerintahtapi dari kita semua. Bagaimana wacana mengenai minat bacamenjadi terlaksana untuksemua kalangan masyarakatketika kita masih memiliki keterbatasan jumlah buku yang dibaca ?. Maka gerakan donasi buku ini adalah dalam upaya membangun budaya literasi dan semangat literasi di Indonesia dan di Banten khususnya. Ketika budaya literasimenjadi sebuah budaya di Indonesia maka bukanlah mustahil bangsa kita akanmenjadibangsa yang maju
PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF PENGISIAN E-FILING BAGI PELAKU UMKM DI KELURAHAN CIPADU-CILEDUG-TANGERANG
Authors:   Akuntansi, Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN, Trisulo Trisulo , Indrawati Iin ,   Akuntansi, Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN
Published: October 2022

Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) mengembangkanberbagai aplikasi untuk mempermudah Wajib Pajak dalam melaksanakan kewajiban perpajakan melalui e-filing. Masih banyak Wajib Pajak yang belum memahami e-filingsehingga datang ke KPP untuk melaporkan SPT. Padahal dengan memanfaatkan e-filing, akan dapat lebih produktif waktu dan biaya. UMKM merupakan potensi baru dalam peningkatan kontribusi pajak. Pemerintah melalui beberapa regulasi membidik upaya peningkatan perpajakan dari sektor UMKM. Dianataya adalah penurunan tarif pajak UMKM dari 1% menjadi 0,5%. Masalah pemahaman dan kesadaran wajib pajak menjadi kunci keberhasilan upaya tersebut. Perlu dilakukan strategi khusus untuk mengedukasi masyarakat UMKM. Ini adalah bentuk tanggungjawab timbal balik antara rakyat dan pemerintah. Beberapa kendala dalam sosialisasi perpajakan diantaranya pengisian e-filing untuk keperluan pelaporan pajak. Ditemukan kesulitan di lapangan dalam memberikan materi sosialisasi pada UMKM terkait kewajiban perpajakan. Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dalam pengisisan e-filing, menjadi upaya untuk meningkatkan potensi perpajakan sektor UMKM, disamping sebagai bukti tanggungjawab pemerintah dalam pelayanan publik.
Detecting land surface water changes in the Upper Mzingwane sub-catchment using remotely sensed data
Authors: Chisadza Bright , Gwate Onalenna , Ncube France , Moyo Nkosinathi , Chiwara Phibion
Published: October 2022

Globally, water is acknowledged as indispensable. It is essential for both human life and environmental needs. However, surface water resources are threatened by human and climatic influences, which may result in changes in size and density. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the normalised difference water index (NDWI), modified normalised difference water index (MNDWI) and automated water extraction index (AWEI) in detecting land surface water changes using Landsat satellite data. The results showed that the AWEI performed considerably better than the MNDWI and NDWI for extracting water surface area in the Upper Mzingwane sub-catchment, with an overall accuracy of 0.93 and a kappa coefficient of 0.82. The MNDWI and NDWI had overall accuracy/kappa values of 0.88/0.74 and 0.89/0.73, respectively. The AWEI can enhance surface water features while effectively suppressing or eliminating pollution and noise from surrounding vegetation and muddy soil. NDWI/MDWI water information is often mixed with pollution noise, vegetation and muddy soil, overestimating the area of water. All the applied indices indicate a progressive loss in the surface area of the water bodies in the sub-catchment. The decrease in water surface area could be a result of degradation, as it coincided with a decrease in vegetation cover and an increase in degraded areas. Future research needs to investigate the hydrological response of the sub-catchment to the potential influence of climate, variability, change, and land use land cover (LULC) changes.
Combined ultrasound cavitation and persulfate for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater
Authors: Pandya Karan , T. S. Anantha Singh , Kodgire Pravin , Simon Saji
Published: October 2022

In recent years industrialization has caused magnificent leaps in the high profitable growth of pharmaceutical industries, and simultaneously given rise to environmental pollution. Pharmaceutical processes like extraction, purification, formulation, etc., generate a large volume of wastewater that contains high chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand, auxiliary chemicals, and different pharmaceutical substances or their metabolites in their active or inactive form. Its metabolites impart non-biodegradable toxic pollutants as a byproduct and intense color, which increases ecotoxicity into the water, thus this requires proper treatment before being discharged. This study focuses on the feasibility analysis of the utilization of ultrasound cavitation (20 kHz frequency) together with a persulfate oxidation approach for the treatment of complex pharmaceutical effluent. Process parameters like pH, amplitude intensity, oxidant dosage were optimized for COD removal applying response surface methodology-based Box–Behnken design. The optimum value observed for pH, amplitude intensity and oxidant dosage are 5, 20% and 100 mg/L respectively with 39.5% removal of COD in 60 min of fixed processing time. This study confirms that a combination of ultrasound cavitation and persulfate is a viable option for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater and can be used as an intensification technology in existing effluent treatment plants to achieve the highest amount of COD removal.
Targeting K-Ras Mutations Show Promise Towards Ending Ras’s
“Undruggable” Era
Authors: Adams Paul D. , Muhoza Djamali
Published: October 2022

It has almost been 40 years since the Ras proteins were discovered as the first human
oncogenes. They remain among the most important genes for regulating mammalian cell growth and
are involved in more than a quarter of human cancers. Out of 167 members of the Ras superfamily, KRas
mutations are the most abundant in human cancers. Particularly, the K-Ras G12C mutations are
known to be involved in pancreatic, colon and lung cancers as well as leukemias. Though progress has
been made, approaches targeting Ras proteins for therapeutic purposes remain challenging. No drugs
treating Ras-related cancers are currently on the market. However, there is now renewed interest in the
Ras area, and newer approaches have highlighted the targeting of several types of tumors and treating
cancer patients. This review will summarize recent K-Ras drug candidates and approaches in the preclinical,
clinical and post-clinical pipelines that show promise for targeting and reducing Ras-related
tumors. Macromolecules such as mRNA vaccines, siRNA, and T-cell receptors that target Ras will also
be discussed. The newer molecules and the recent approaches to be discussed suggest that the
“undruggable” era of Ras proteins could be coming to an end.
Topical Application of Ascorbic Acid and its Derivatives: A Review
Considering Clinical Trials
Authors: Vasques Louise Idalgo , Vendruscolo Cristina Wöhlke , Leonardi Gislaine Ricci
Published: October 2022

Background:

The topical use of vitamin C has been explored for many decades
due to its antioxidant potential, whitening action, and the essential role it plays in
the synthesis and maintenance of collagen. As Ascorbic Acid (AA) is unstable, derivative
molecules and stabilization strategies have been explored to facilitate its incorporation
into dermatological products. Even though these molecules are already for sale,
there is still a shortage of scientific data regarding efficacy studies of these assets, especially
in vivo.

Objective:

The purpose of this review was to investigate and discuss issues regarding the
topical application of vitamin C and its most common derivatives, including the difficulties,
biases, and prospects for future clinical studies to better elucidate its effects.

Methods:

A literature review was carried out to select studies that evaluated the topical
use of ascorbic acid and/or its derivatives. The studies which are “fully available”, “in
vivo” and “in vitro”, were used as inclusion criteria.

Results:

Due to the instability of Ascorbic Acid, it is essential to study derivative
molecules that maintain or even improve their effectiveness in dermatological products.
Despite this, the studies of these derivatives presented in the scientific literature are mostly
in vitro. In recent years, it has been possible to observe an increase in in vivo efficacy
tests, and this trend is expected to continue in the future. However, they present very different
approaches and issues.

Conclusion:

Studies of stability, safety, adverse reactions, and especially in vivo efficacy
studies with a relevant number of subjects and standardized parameters are essential for
better elucidating the effects of the topical application of vitamin C derivatives in comparison
to ascorbic acid formulations for the skin.
Microbiota- Brain-Gut-Axis Relevance to Parkinson’s Disease: Potential Therapeutic
Effects of Probiotics
Authors: Raj Khadga , Singh Shamsher , Chib Shivani , Mallan Sudhanshu
Published: October 2022

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common type of neurogenerative disease among middle-aged and older people, characterized by aggregation of alpha-synuclein and dopaminergic neuron loss. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a dynamic bidirectional communication network and is involved in the pathogenesis of PD. The aggregation of misfolded protein alpha-synuclein is a neuropathological characteristic of PD, originates in the gut and migrates to the central nervous system (CNS) through the vagus nerve and olfactory bulb. The change in the architecture of gut microbiota increases the level short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and other metabolites, acting on the neuroendocrine system and modulating the concentrations of gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, and other neurotransmitters. It also alters the vagus and intestinal signalling, influencing the brain and behaviour by activating microglia and systemic cytokines. Both experimental and clinical reports indicate the role of intestinal dysbiosis and microbiota host interaction in neurodegeneration. Probiotics are live microorganisms that modify the gut microbiota in the small intestine to avoid neurological diseases. Probiotics have been shown in clinical and preclinical studies to be effective in the treatment of PD by balancing the gut microbiota. In this article, we described the role of gut-microbiota in the pathogenesis of PD. The article aims to explore the mechanistic strategy of gut-brain axis and its relation with motor impairment and the use of probiotics to maintain gut microbial flora and prevent PD-like symptoms.
Flavonoids From Stems and Leaves of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi Improve
Composited Aβ-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Model Rats’ Memory
and Neuroplasticity Disorders
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu Qian-qian , Ding Sheng-kai , Li Hong , Shang Ya-Zhen
Published: October 2022

Aim:

To investigate the effects and mechanism of flavonoids from stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SSF) on the disorders in learning and memory and neuroplasticity induced by beta amyloid 25-35 (Aβ25-35) combined with aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) and human recombinant transfer factor-β1 (RHTGF-β1) (composited Aβ) in rats.

Methods:

A rat Alzheimer's disease (AD) model was established by intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35 combined with AlCl3 and RHTGF-β1. The successful AD model of rats was screened with Morris water maze. The successful model rats were randomly divided into a model group and three doses of SSF treated group. The Morris water maze was used to detect the rats’ learning and memory abilities. The real-time fluorescence quantitative (qPCR) was applied to assay the mRNA expressions of CaM, CamkIV and Ferritin, as well as the neuroplasticity factors of HuB, HuC and HuD. The Western blotting was used to measure the protein expressions of CaM, CamkIV, HuB/D, HuC+HuD and Ferritin in CaM-CamkIV-CREB signal pathway.

Results:

Compared with sham group, the abilities of learning and memory in the model group were significantly impaired (P<0.01), and the mRNA or protein expressions of CaM, CamkIV, HuB, HuC, HuD, HuB/D, HuC+HuD and Ferritin in CaM-CamkIV-CREB signal pathway were abnormal changed in model group. However, the three doses of SSF can differently ameliorated the impaired learning and memory and regulate the abnormal expressions of mRNA or protein in rats’ CaM, CamkIV, HuB, HuC, HuD, HuB/D, HuC+HuD and Ferritin induced by composited Aβ.

Conclusion:

The improvement of SSF on the learning and memory disorder induced by composited Aβ is primarily derived from the positive regulation in CaM-CamkIV-CREB signal pathway and activation in neuroplasticity.
Apolipoprotein-mimetic Peptides: Current and Future Prospectives
Authors: Pande Abhay H. , Nankar Sunil A. , Ahmed Sakeel , Sharma Shyam Sunder
Published: October 2022

Apolipoprotein-mimetic peptides, mimicking the biological properties of apolipoproteins, have shown beneficial properties against various diseases (central and peripheral diseases) and have emerged as potential candidates for their treatments. Progress has been made from first-generation to second-generation apolipoprotein-mimetic peptides. Understanding these peptides from the first generation to second generation is discussed in this review. First, we discussed the first-generation apolipoprotein-mimetic peptides structural feature and their therapeutic potentials. Further, we discussed the development of second-generation apolipoprotein–mimetic peptides, like dual-domain peptides and bihelical peptides. We conclude with a discussion on the emergence of second-generation apolipoprotein-mimetic peptides as potential candidates in different preclinical and clinical studies.
Recent Advances in the Development of Pyrimidine-based CNS Agents
Authors: Nain Sumitra , Pant Swati
Published: October 2022

Background:

In the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in CNS drug discovery, and various new CNS agents have been developed. Pyrimidine is an important scaffold in the area of medicinal chemistry. Recently, pyrimidine-containing compounds have been successfully designed as potent CNS agents. Substantial research has been carried out on pyrimidine-bearing compounds to treat different disorders of CNS in various animal models.

Methods:

Utilizing various databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, the literature review was conducted. The specifics of significant articles were discussed with an emphasis on the potency of pyrimidines derivatives possessing CNS activity.

Results:

Recent papers indicating pyrimidine derivatives with CNS activity were incorporated into the manuscript. (46) to (50) papers included different pyrimidine derivatives as 5-HT agonist/antagonists, (62) to (67) as adenosine agonist/antagonist, (70) to (75) as anticonvulsant agents, (80) to (83) as cannabinoid receptor agonists, (102) to (103) as nicotinic and (110) as muscarinic receptor agonists. The remaining papers (113) to (114) represented pyrimidine-based molecular imaging agents.

Conclusion:

Pyrimidine and its derivatives have been studied in detail to evaluate their efficacy in overcoming multiple central nervous system disorders. The article covers the current updates on pyrimidine-based compounds as potent CNS and molecular imaging agents and will definitely provide a better platform for the development of potent pyrimidine-based CNS drugs in near future.
Isolated Natural Antioxidants as a new Possible Therapeutic Alternative
for the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: da Silva Matheus Vinicius Barbosa , da Silva Lima Maria Alessandra , de Farias Lizandra Henrique , dos Santos Vanessa Maria , de Queiroz Thyago Moreira
Published: October 2022

Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of arterial
hypertension, inducing direct effects on the vasculature, and contributing to endothelial dysfunction
and consequent impairment of vascular relaxation. Despite a large number of pharmacological
treatments available, intolerable side effects are reported, which makes the use of natural
antioxidants a promising and complementary alternative for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
From this perspective, the current review aims to investigate and characterize the main antioxidants
of natural origin for the treatment of hypertension. Antioxidants act in the inhibition or
extinction of chemical reactions involving free radicals and consequently reduce the occurrence of
damage caused by these cellular components. The main natural antioxidants for treating hypertension
include caffeic acid, ferulic acid, curcumin, apocynin, quercetin, lipoic acid, and lycopene.
The effects associated with these antioxidants, which make them therapeutic targets for decreasing
high blood pressure, include increased activation of antioxidant enzymes, stimulation of nitric oxide
bioavailability, and reduction in angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, arginase, and
NADPH oxidase, whose effects contribute to reducing oxidative stress, improving endothelial
function, and preventing cardiovascular dysfunctions. Thus, several products with antioxidant
properties that are available in nature and their application in the treatment of hypertension are described
in the literature. The therapeutic effects of these products seem to regulate several parameters
related to arterial hypertension, in addition to combating and preventing the deleterious effects
related to the disease.
Stem Cells: Therapeutic Implications in Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy
Resistance in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Patil Tejaswini , Rohiwal Sonali S. , Tiwari Arpita P.
Published: October 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are transformed forms of normal stem cells within heterogeneous
mixture of cancer cells. These are mainly responsible for the recurrence of cancer after treatment because
of their ability to develop resistance against chemo and radiotherapy due to various factors such as activation
of signalling pathways important for self-renewal, DNA repair capacity, microenvironment and expression
of ABC transporters. Targeting these mechanisms as potential factors can eliminate CSCs, which
eventually decreases cancer recurrence. This review focuses on the characteristics of CSCs, their role in
the development of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy along with the therapeutic potential targets
for successful elimination of CSC population.
Circadian Rhythm and Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation after Acute
Ischemic Stroke Treated with Intravenous Thrombolysis - A Systematic
Review
Authors: Stan Adina , Dragos Hanna , Strilciuc Stefan , Ilut Silvina , Vacaras Vitalie , Cozma Angela , Panaitescu Paul Stefan , Stan Horatiu , Muresanu Dafin F.
Published: October 2022

Background:

A circadian pattern for the onset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been described,
with a higher risk in the early morning and a lower risk during nighttime. However, data assessing
the circadian distribution of hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis (ivT)
are still incongruent.

Objectives:

This review aimed to evaluate whether the time interval based on AIS onset or ivT time
could influence the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) related to ivT and if the circadian
rhythm of endogenous production of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) favors ICH occurrence.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed and
Embase for articles in English using the keywords: 'stroke', 'thrombolysis', and 'circadian'. Articles investigating
the AIS onset or ivT time effects on circadian variations of ICH in AIS adult patients treated with
ivT were included. Based on ICH's incidence and odds ratio, time intervals associated with higher risk
and time intervals associated with lower risk were defined. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess
the risk of bias. The resulting data were reported in a qualitative narrative synthesis.

Results:

From the 70 abstracts returned by electronic literature search, six studies with 33,365 patients
fulfilled the inclusion criteria, out of which three were retrospective analysis studies, one case-control
study, one prospective study, and one post hoc analysis of a multicentre trial. Some studies assessed
the relationship between ICH occurrence and circadian rhythm depending on AIS onset time (n = 2),
treatment time (n = 2), or both (n = 4). All studies investigated the patients' comorbidities as confounding
variables for the circadian pattern of symptomatic ICH (sICH). Two studies found no association
between AIS onset or ivT time and patient risk factors, but the other four found several differences and
used multivariate logistic regression models to balance these covariates. The overall score of the Newcastle-
Ottawa scale was 83.3%, which might be interpreted as overall high quality.

Conclusions:

ICH occurred after ivT seems to follow a circadian pattern; the 18:00-00:00 time frame was
the safest one, and patients with AIS onset or ivT time between these hours had the lowest incidence of
any ICH, including sICH. The 06:00-12:00 block was associated with the highest incidence of ICH and
sICH. However, the analysis is limited by the small number of included studies and the heterogeneous
findings reported. Further homogenized studies using comparable time frames and sICH definitions are
needed to demonstrate this circadian pattern. The review protocol was registered in the OSF database under
reference UHNF, doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/UHNF6.
Tirzepatide: A New Generation Therapeutic for Diabetes Type 2
Authors: Al-Horani Rami A. , Chedid Milad
Published: October 2022

Tirzepatide (mounjaro®) is a derivative of the human glucose-dependent insulinotropic
polypeptide (GIP) hormone with a position-20 being modified with 1,20-
eicosanedioic acid via a chemical linker. It acts as a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
receptor and GIP receptor agonist. It has recently been approved by FDA as an adjunct
therapy to exercise and diet to improve glycemic control in patients with type II diabetes
mellitus (T2DM). It represents a new transforming paradigm in the management of
T2DM. This mini-review will shed light on its different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic
aspects.
Reduplication in Banjarese
Authors: Rafiek Muhammad , Effendi H. Rustam , Nisa Raudhatun
Published: October 2022

Reduplication is a feature of the universal language but varies with dialect. This study aimed to examine the form of reduplication in the Banjarese using the reduplication theory of Lieber (2009), Haspelmath & Sims (2010), Rubino (2005), Mistica, Andrews, Arka, & Baldwin (2009), Kauffman (2015), and Kroeger (1989). It used the descriptive qualitative method and collected data through listening, typing, and documentation. Listening and typing techniques involved hearing and typing six informants’ utterances containing rephrases in the Banjarese. The informants comprised three speakers from the Kuala dialect and three from the Hulu dialect. The results indicated four types of reduplication in the Banjarese. These findings strengthen the theory of reduplication in the morphology of the Banjarese. Additionally, the results have practical implications for teaching Banjarese language reduplication.
Reduced glomerular filtration rate is associated with ascending aortic dilatation in South African chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Hassan Muzamil , Vachiat Ahmed , Grinter Sacha , Manga Pravin , Duarte Raquel , Naicker Saraladevi
Published: October 2022

Background: Ascending aortic dilatation (AAD) is an adverse prognostic cardiovascular marker in the general population. There are few data reporting its presence or clinical significance in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate ascending aorta dimensions and their correlates in a population of South African CKD patients.Methods: A total of 124 CKD patients and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Cardiac dimensions, systolic and diastolic function indices, and aortic root diameters were assessed by transthoracic echocardiography. The ascending aorta was measured at four levels (aortic annulus, sinuses of Valsalva, sino-tubular junction, and ascending aorta) and was normalised for body surface area. The prevalence of AAD was assessed in CKD patients compared with the control group.Results: In CKD patients, the ascending aorta dimension was significantly larger than in controls at all four sites of the aorta that were measured. The prevalence of AAD was 6.5% at the annulus, 12.9% at the sinuses, 15.3% at the sino-tubular junction, and 8.9% at the ascending aorta. Overall, 29 patients (23%) had AAD. On multivariate analyses, eGFR was independently associated with AAD (odds ratio 0.980; 95% confidence interval 0.965–0.996; P = 0.014).Conclusion: AAD is a common cardiovascular phenotype in South African CKD patients. Low eGFR was independently associated with AAD, suggesting a direct link between CKD and the development of AAD in South African CKD patients. Keywords: chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, ascending aortic dilatation