bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrospun graphene oxide–polyvinylidene fluoride composite film preparation and application for air filtration
Authors: Hsieh Ching-Ho , Chiu Wei-Min , Tsai Hao-Wen , Chien Yu-Shu , Yang Chane-Yuan
Published: February 2023

In this work, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and graphene oxide (GO) composite membranes were fabricated using electrospinning technology for particulate matter (PM) filtration. The preparation conditions like GO oxidation time, electrospinning solution composition, and GO content in the composite film, and the basic properties and filtration performance of PVDF–GO films were systematically analyzed. It was found that GO with lamellar structure was of great benefit to endow the membrane with excellent mechanical properties and particle capture capacity. The as-prepared PVDF–GO membranes with GO addition of 0.6 wt.% exhibited the highest tensile strength and PM filtration efficiency. This work demonstrated that blending GO in PVDF is a feasible modification to fabricate an effective PM filtration membrane.
Architectural Design Model Guided On-Demand Power Management of Energy-Efficient GPGPU for SLAM
Authors: Yan Kaige , Ma Zhujun , Li Caiwei , Fu Xin , Tan Jingweijia
Published: February 2023

Simultaneously localization and mapping (SLAM) is a core component in many embedded domains, e.g., robots, augmented and virtual reality. Due to SLAM’s high demand on computation resources, general-purpose graphic processing units (GPGPUs) are often used as its processing engine. Meanwhile, embedded systems usually have strict power constraint. Thus, how to deliver required performance for SLAM, yet still meet the power limit, is a great challenge faced by GPGPU designer. In this work, we discover the general principles of designing energy-efficient GPGPU for SLAM as “many SMs, enough SPs and registers, small caches”, by analyzing the implication of individual design parameters on both performance and power. Then, we conduct large-scale design space exploration and fit the Pareto frontier with a two-term exponential model. Further, we construct gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT)-based design models to predict the performance and power given the design parameters. The evaluation shows that our GBDT-based models can achieve [Formula: see text]3% mean average percentage error, which significantly outperform other machine learning models. With these models, a kernel’s requirement on hardware resources can be well understood. Based on such knowledge, we introduce design model guided power management strategies, including power gating and dynamic frequency and voltage scaling (DFVS). Overall, by combining these two power management strategies, we can improve the energy delay product by 36%.
On the transition monoid of the Stallings automaton of a subgroup of a free group
Authors: Guimarães Inês F.
Published: February 2023

Birget, Margolis, Meakin and Weil proved that a finitely generated subgroup K of a free group is pure if and only if the transition monoid M (K) of its Stallings automaton is aperiodic. In this paper, we establish further connections between algebraic properties of K and algebraic properties of M (K). We mainly focus on the cases where M (K) belongs to the pseudovariety of finite monoids all of whose subgroups lie in a given pseudovariety of finite groups. We also discuss normal, malnormal and cyclonormal subgroups of [Formula: see text] using the transition monoid of the corresponding Stallings automaton.
Studies of angular distribution of the grey particles in 16O-emulsion collision at 3.7A GeV
Authors: Abdallah N.
Published: February 2023

By means of [Formula: see text] emulsion track detectors, we report the characteristics of the experimental angular distributions of the fast target protons (grey particles) emitted in interactions of [Formula: see text]O with emulsion nuclei at 3.7A[Formula: see text]GeV. Grey tracks in nuclear emulsion corresponding protons with kinetic energy in the ranges [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]MeV. The angular distributions are compared with those resulting from interactions of other projectiles ([Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]Ne and [Formula: see text]Si) at nearly the same incident energy. These angular distributions are studied at different target sizes ([Formula: see text]-values) and at various projectile spectator charges ([Formula: see text]-values) in the framework of the modified Maxwell– Boltzmann statistical model. The nuclear limiting fragmentation hypothesis is shown to be fulfilled for these target protons angular distributions which are found to be independent of the target size and centrality of collisions. Also, the size of the projectile is found to be ineffective at Dubna energies. The angular distributions of all groups of events possess peaks positioned at [Formula: see text]. The calculated statistical moments of the distributions along with skewness and kurtosis are investigated in addition to the forward-backward asymmetry ratio [Formula: see text] for the different groups of events.
Analysis of the Czech Intraday Electricity Market During COVID-19 Pandemic from the Multifractal Perspective
Authors: Čurpek Juraj
Published: February 2023

This paper investigates a progress of the maturity of the Czech intraday electricity market during the COVID-19 pandemic by employing the multifractal analysis. Our results indicate that since intraday electricity returns display multifractal property originating both from long-range correlations and fat-tailed distribution, a sole use of the Hurst exponent is not sufficient, and multifractality characteristics should be used. The quantities describing a multifractal behavior indicate in some periods higher stage of market development operating on short temporal scales compared to the larger temporal scales, especially the MLM index. In some periods, they are in close agreement with the Hurst approach (e.g., July 2020). Moreover, the ADL models indicate a positive association of the Hurst exponent on short temporal scales with its lagged values and new cases of the COVID-19. On short temporal scales, the rate of new COVID-19 cases was positively related to the strength of multifractality, i.e., smaller degree of maturity, both by singularity spectrum width and MLM index. We found a nonlinear relationship between the government stringent policy and the Hurst exponent on long temporal scales, singularity spectrum width and the MLM index on short temporal scales, indicating that the loose anti-COVID policies are associated with more mature market and vice versa. On the contrary, on its long counterpart, the relationships are weaker and opposite in signs.
Exploring the Factors of Online Social Networks (OSNs) on Individual Investors’ Capital Market Investment Decision: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Haque Md. Ziaul , Qian Aimin , Lucky Suraiea Akter
Published: February 2023

Online social networks (OSNs) are a terrifically emerging platform for information dissemination around the world. Like other settings, acceptance and adoption of OSNs among the individual capital market investors are extensive. The study developed a conceptual model for behavioural finance integrating a technology acceptance model (TAM) and valence framework from the information systems and marketing disciplines, respectively. The integrated model added some persuasive constructs from social capital and diffusion innovation theory with a view to explore the key factors swaying investors’ intention to adopt and use the OSN’s services. By using an online and offline structured questionnaire, 510 data were collected from individual capital market investors in Bangladesh. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used for data analysis. The study determined that the proposed integrated model with additional constructs outperformed other models. Perceived usefulness (PU), perceived enjoyment (PE), trust and personal innovativeness in IT (PIIT) had a substantial sway on the investor’s intention to use OSNs. Hedonic value is more robust predictor of intention to use OSNs than utilitarian value. Intention to use properly mediated the relationships and had strong significant impact on investor’s investment decision. But perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived risk had no direct significant effect on intention to use. PEOU had significant impact on intention to use through PU and PE. Gender moderated the relationships of different constructs with the intention to use OSNs for investment decisions in the capital market. It contributes knowledge by including the integration of different models in stock market perspectives and the inclusion of technological aspect in the behavioural finance literature. The findings of the study will also succor different firms and regulatory authorities to adopt OSNs as an information dissemination platform.
Lacunary Statistical Convergence of Rough Variables in Trust
Authors: Savaş Ekrem
Published: February 2023

The goal of this paper is to present the notions of lacunary statistically convergent sequence, lacunary statistically Cauchy sequence for fuzzy variables in trust space and also give the lacunary statistical completeness for trust space.
Liquid-phase oxidation synthesis of WS2 –WO3 particles with enhanced gas sensing performance
Authors: Yoshizawa Chinatsu , Hasegawa Takuya , Okawa Ayahisa , Yin Shu
Published: February 2023

In this study, [Formula: see text] particles were successfully synthesized by a solvothermal liquid-phase oxidation process under various conditions and their gas sensing performance was evaluated at room temperature. The sample synthesized in ethanol-rich solvent at 210[Formula: see text]C showed excellent gas sensing performance. It is suggested that the crystalline phase and the particle morphology, which are essential for improving gas sensing performance, are effectively controllable by the present liquid phase oxidation process.
Anthocephaluscadambaas a Potential Functional Food and Nutraceutical Source
Authors: Sharma Tarubala , Khandelwal Vishal
Published: February 2023

Herbal nutraceuticals are a recently evolved category of food and supplementary food, seeking great attention of both pharmaceutical and nutritional companies, resulting in proliferation of numerous value-added products aimed to provide twin effect of nutritional and clinical health benefits. Anthocephalus cadamba, a sanctified epical evergreen tree gain momentous amongst the wide array of medicinal prerequistic plants due to treasuries of minerals, phytochemicals and/or secondary metabolites which are accountable for prominent clinical manifestations along with nutritional allowance. Multifactorial in vitro and in vivo studies provide explicable evidences about its nontoxicity and antimicrobial, anticancerous, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, laxative and lipid lowering activities along with their ethnomedical acquaintances. This review paper is devoted towards better understanding of the nutraceutical aspects of A. cadamba plant based on its phytoconstituents and disease-specific indications which makes it vulnerable for researchers to deliberate about its better exploitage and to understand reasonable molecular mechanism behind the scene.
Longitudinal left ventricular mass indexing for DEXA-measured lean mass and fat mass: novel normative reference centiles in postpubertal adolescents and young adults
Authors: Agbaje Andrew O.
Published: February 2023

Current left ventricular mass cut points for pediatric left ventricular hypertrophy are inaccurate. The inaccuracies are due, in part, to the average age of participants (11.6 yr) evaluated and also due to the lack of Echo and DEXA-measured body composition in postpubertal youth. Novel sex-based cut points are proposed for postpubertal youths at 17 and 24 yr. The new 95th percentile cut points are 15–20 g/m2.7 higher than the current cut point.
Contribution of skeletal muscle-specific microRNA-133b to insulin resistance in heart failure
Authors: Velasquez Fernanda Carrizo , Roman Barbara , Hernández-Ochoa Erick O. , Leppo Michelle K. , Truong Sharon K. , Steenbergen Charles , Schneider Martin F. , Weiss Robert G. , Das Samarjit
Published: February 2023

Heart failure is associated with systemic insulin resistance and abnormalities in glucose metabolism but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the skeletal muscle, the major peripheral site of glucose utilization, we observe an increase in miR-133b in heart failure mice, which reduces the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT4), glucose uptake, and metabolism in C2C12 and in myocytes. The antagomir for miR-133b restores GLUT4 protein and markers of metabolism in skeletal myocytes from heart failure mice demonstrating that miR-133b is an exciting target for systemic insulin resistance in heart failure and an important player in the cross talk between the heart and the periphery in the heart failure syndrome.
Spent Tea Leaves and Coffee Grounds as Potential Biocathode for Improved Microbial Electrosynthesis Performance
Authors: Tahir Khurram , Ali Abdul Samee , Kim Bolam , Lim Youngsu , Lee Dae Sung
Published: February 2023

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) has emerged as a sustainable energy platform capable of simultaneous wastewater treatment and valuable chemical production. The performance of MES, like other bioelectrochemical systems, largely depends on its electrode (cathode), providing the platform for microbial growth as well as electron transfer. However, most of the electrodes are expensive, and their nonrenewable characteristics, cost, and poisoning nature are major bottlenecks in MES commercialization. Thus, several efforts have been made to explore the potential of waste carbon-based electrodes to reduce carbon footprints as well as electrode manufacturing costs. In this study, the feasibility of using spent tea leaves (STL) and spent coffee grounds (SCG) as MES biocathode was tested. Different bioelectrochemical tests suggested improved MES performance with STL and SCG biocathode along with reduced electrode resistance and improved current density. A 1.5- and 2.0-fold increase in cyclic voltammetry (CV) current output was observed for SCG and STL, respectively, with substantial mediator peaks of high intensity indicating enhanced electrocatalytic activity. Enrichment of some fermentative and exoelectrogenic microbial classes such as Clostridia, Bacteroidia, and Deltaproteobacteria led to a 1.3- and 1.4-fold increase in butyrate production for SCG and STL cathode, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential of STL and SCG as MES cathode for improved energy and chemical production.
Prognosis of the Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database
Authors: Yu Hai , Xie Shuping , Zheng Xinkai , Zhao Qiqi , Xia Xichun , Ming Wai-Kit , Cheng Leong Nga , Duan Xi , Huang WenHsien Ethan , Huang Fang , Lyu Jun , Deng Liehua
Published: February 2023

Background. The objective of this study is to determine the prognostic factors of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (KTSCC) and to establish a prognostic nomogram of KTSCC to assist clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods. This study identified 3874 patients with KTSCC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and these patients were randomly divided into the training (70%, (n = 2711) and validation (30%, n = 1163) cohorts. Cox regression was then used to filter variables. Nomograms were then constructed based on meaningful variables. Finally, the concordance index (C-index), net reclassification index (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), calibration charts, and decision-curve analysis (DCA), were used to evaluate the discrimination, accuracy and effectiveness of the model. Results. A nomogram model was established for predicting the 3-, 5-, and 8-year overall survival (OS) probabilities of patients with KTSCC. The model indicated that age, radiotherapy sequence, SEER stage, marital status, tumor size, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, radiotherapy status, race, lymph node dissection status, and sex were factors influencing the OS of patients with KTSCC. Verified by C-index, NRI, IDI, calibration curve, and DCA curve, our model has better discrimination, calibration, accuracy and net benefit compared to the AJCC system. Conclusions. This study identified the factors that affect the survival of KTSCC patients and established a prognostic nomogram that can help clinicians predict the 3-, 5-, and 8-year survival rates of KTSCC patients.
Developing a Video Game as an Awareness and Research Tool Based on SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiological Dynamics and Motivational Perspectives
Authors: Messina Alexis , Schyns Michael , Dozo Björn-Olav , Denoël Vincent , Van Hulle Romain , Etienne Anne-Marie , Delroisse Stéphanie , Bruyère Olivier , D’Orio Vincent , Fontaine Sébastien , Guillaume Michèle , Lange Anne-Catherine , Louppe Gilles , Michel Fabienne , Nyssen Anne-Sophie , Bureau Fabrice , Haubruge Eric , Donneau Anne-Françoise , Gillet Laurent , Saegerman Claude
Published: February 2023

In mid-2020, the University of Liège (ULiège, Belgium) commissioned the ULiège Video Game Research Laboratory (Liège Game Lab) and the AR/VR Lab of the HEC-Management School of ULiège to create a serious game to raise awareness of preventive measures for its university community. This project has its origins in two objectives of the institutional policy of ULiège in response to the crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 to raise awareness among community members of various preventive actions that can reduce the spread of the virus and to inform about the emergence and progression of a pandemic. After almost two years of design, the project resulted in the creation of SARS Wars, a decision-making management game for browsers and smartphones. This article presents the creative process of the game, specifically the integration of an adapted SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model, as well as the modeling of intercompartmental circulation dynamics in the game’s algorithm, and the various limitations observed regarding the game’s original missions and possibilities for future work. The SARS-CoV-2 video game project may be considered an innovative way to translate epidemiology into a language that can be used in the scope of citizen sciences. On the one hand, it provides an engaging tool and encourages active participation of the audience. On the other hand, it allows us to have a better understanding of the dynamic changes of a pandemic or an epidemic (crisis preparedness, monitoring, and control) and to anticipate potential consequences in the given parameters at set time (emerging risk identification), while offering insights for impact on some parameters on motivation (social science aspect).
Vírus, guerras e novos heróis: a pandemia da Covid-19 sob o biomilitarismo
Authors: Sacramento Octávio
Published: February 2023

Desenvolvo um exercício compreensivo sobre as construções sociais mais proeminentes, induzidas sobretudo pela ciência, em torno da pandemia de Covid-19, considerando para tal conteúdos jornalísticos online segundo uma perspetiva inspirada no desígnio etnográfico da procura de sentidos. Constato que as metáforas bélicas assumem um papel hegemónico como recursos semânticos privilegiados de conceptualização da crise sanitária e do que é feito, a vários níveis, para lidar com a situação de emergência. Estas metáforas expressam-se desde a escala microfísica de caracterização do vírus e da sua relação com o organismo humano à escala social da epidemiologia da infeção, das respostas socio-sanitárias, das implicações geopolíticas e das expressões identitárias de diferentes agentes, sobretudo dos profissionais que atuam nas esferas da ciência e da saúde. Ironicamente, a pandemia que atrai tantos tropos que remetem para a guerra e o militarismo tem-se constituído, em simultâneo, como um campo de indução de guerras tácitas, dando azo a múltiplas disputas político-ideológicas e tensões geopolíticas.
Tempo e evento na onirocrítica ameríndia: um balanço bibliográfico
Authors: Shiratori Karen
Published: February 2023

Este artigo consiste na revisão bibliográfica da literatura etnológica sobre sonhos dedicada aos povos indígenas das Terras Baixas da América do Sul. O fio condutor da exposição é a análise do acontecimento onírico, resultado das perambulações da alma, e sua influência na vida desperta. Sustento que, como eventos reais — não restritos à psicologia individual —, as distintas relações que a alma estabelece com seus interlocutores oníricos influem diretamente na interpretação dos sonhos e nos efeitos que se fazem notar na vigília. Ao considerar a inadequação de um repertório conceitual pautado no método psicanalítico e nas noções de presságio, destino e fatalidade, busco uma concepção de onirocrítica que inclua a ideia de um tempo aberto e reversível. A reflexão que proponho organiza-­‐se em dois momentos: (I) o sonho como diagnóstico de eventos em curso e (II) a manipulação das possibilidades engendradas como virtualidade.
Viola tricolor. Lévi-Strauss e o pensamento selvagem
Authors: Valentim Marco Antonio
Published: February 2023

O ensaio propõe uma leitura de O pensamento selvagem em função da tarefa de reconstruir a tese lévi-straussiana segundo a qual o totemismo é um regime simbólico do pensamento selvagem. Para tanto, alguns pontos serão destacados: (i) o problema antropológico-filosófico do conceito de selvagem; (ii) a definição precisa e o emprego complexo do conceito em O pensamento selvagem; (iii) a distinção epistemológico-modal entre pensamento selvagem e pensamento domesticado; (iv) a lógica totêmica e a ontologia imagética do pensamento selvagem; e, como conclusão, (v) o seu rendimento cosmológico e filosófico para a inteligibilidade do Antropoceno.
Rituais da Mística. A mística do MST e as aporias da ação coletiva
Authors: Chaves Christine
Published: February 2023

Conceito com inequívoca origem religiosa, mística é uma categoria central nas concepções e práticas políticas do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra/ MST, presente em suas múltiplas esferas de ação e distintas atividades. Considerada “a alma do Movimento”, no presente artigo investigo alguns desdobramentos e implicações do uso dessa categoria religiosa como ferramenta organizativa e de ação política. Para tanto, valho-me de fragmentos etnográficos, temporalmente descontínuos, de cerimônias coletivas sem-terra também nomeadas mística. Os fragmentos selecionados subsidiam a apreciação de diferentes facetas do caleidoscópio de significados, práticas e fenômenos sociais acionados pela mística e continuamente recriados por seus rituais. Minha discussão analítica baliza-se numa interpretação histórico-etnográfica mais geral sobre o MST como fenômeno político e sobre o papel que a criação de eventos, entendidos como rituais, nele desempenha.
A troca do fio e os descaminhos do duplo: sonho e vigília entre os Ye’kwana do rio Auaris
Authors: Gongora Majoí Favero
Published: February 2023

O artigo versa sobre reflexões dos Ye’kwana do rio Auaris acerca das experiências oníricas e os seus efeitos na vigília. O sonho é um afastamento temporário do duplo em relação à pessoa (corpo) e, nesse sentido, é expressão dos caminhos e descaminhos do duplo em outros mundos. Meus interlocutores contam que as pessoas comuns não sonham bem, pois ao dormirem seus duplos andam por lugares onde o encontro com entes perigosos é corriqueiro. Diferentemente dos pajés, as pessoas comuns não controlam os percursos de seus duplos durante o sonho. Além de trazer à baila as histórias verdadeiras (wätunnä) sobre a origem da morte, da descontinuidade entre o sonho e a vigília e do sono, o estudo aborda conceitos centrais para o entendimento da configuração da pessoa ye’kwana - duplo (äkaato) e fio do duplo (wadeeku ekaato) - e analisa a onirocrítica nativa, uma reflexão especulativa e prática implicada em futuros possíveis prefigurados nos sonhos.
A publicidade testemunhal de medicamentos difundida por influenciadores digitais e seu enquadramento no direito luso-brasileiro
Authors: Amorim Ana Clara Azevedo de
Published: February 2023

A indústria farmacêutica tem encontrado novas técnicas para promover os medicamentos isentos de prescrição médica junto do público geral. Neste contexto, a publicidade testemunhal permite incrementar a credibilidade da mensagem, ficando o seu enquadramento dependente da categoria do emissor nos ordenamentos jurídicos português e brasileiro. Adotando uma perspectiva de direito comparado, o presente trabalho visou analisar a publicidade testemunhal, com especial enfoque nos depoimentos veiculados por influenciadores digitais que recomendam o consumo de medicamentos. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, assente no levantamento bibliográfico e legislativo, bem como na análise detalhada de decisões dos organismos de autorregulação competentes, tanto em Portugal como no Brasil. Concluiu-se que alguns influenciadores digitais podem ser considerados pessoas famosas, e não meros consumidores, o que determina a ilicitude da publicidade difundida, atenta a necessidade de acautelar a objetividade e o uso racional dos medicamentos. No entanto, resultou das decisões analisadas uma abordagem tradicional destas novas técnicas de promoção de  medicamentos, centrada ainda nas menções obrigatórias e nos princípios gerais vigentes em matéria de publicidade.
Os não nacionais imigrantes e o sistema público de saúde do Brasil: a universalidade do direito à saúde e a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Greco Pedro Teixeira Pinos
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar o direito humano e fundamental à saúde pública dos não nacionais imigrantes, especificamente durante a pandemia de covid-19. Para cumprir essa proposta, buscou-se compreender o contexto em que os não nacionais imigrantes estão inseridos em nosso país, bem como analisar o atendimento dessa população no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, em especial o preenchimento dos formulários do sistema público em relação aos não nacionais imigrantes no curso da covid-19 no Brasil. A metodologia incluiu análises doutrinária, legislativa e documental a partir de uma abordagem analítico-interpretativa. Concluiu-se que existe, por parte dos poderes públicos, relativo esquecimento dos não nacionais imigrantes. A fim de mitigar essa situação, defendem-se a mudança nos formulários do Sistema Único de Saúde para a inclusão do campo “não nacional”, a ampliação dos programas de medicina preventiva, a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde e a criação de canais de diálogo no idioma dos não nacionais imigrantes.
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease–Related Dementia: More Questions Than Answers
Authors: Elahi Fanny M. , Wang Michael M. , Meschia James F.
Published: February 2023

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has emerged as a common factor driving age-dependent diseases, including stroke and dementia. CSVD-related dementia will affect a growing fraction of the aging population, requiring improved recognition, understanding, and treatments. This review describes evolving criteria and imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of CSVD-related dementia. We describe diagnostic challenges, particularly in the context of mixed pathologies and the absence of highly effective biomarkers for CSVD-related dementia. We review evidence regarding CSVD as a risk factor for developing neurodegenerative disease and potential mechanisms by which CSVD leads to progressive brain injury. Finally, we summarize recent studies on the effects of major classes of cardiovascular medicines relevant to CSVD-related cognitive impairment. Although many key questions remain, the increased attention to CSVD has resulted in a sharper vision for what will be needed to meet the upcoming challenges imposed by this disease.
Heterogeneity in Neuronal Dynamics Is Learned by Gradient Descent for Temporal Processing Tasks
Authors: Winston Chloe N. , Mastrovito Dana , Shea-Brown Eric , Mihalas Stefan
Published: February 2023

Individual neurons in the brain have complex intrinsic dynamics that are highly diverse. We hypothesize that the complex dynamics produced by networks of complex and heterogeneous neurons may contribute to the brain's ability to process and respond to temporally complex data. To study the role of complex and heterogeneous neuronal dynamics in network computation, we develop a rate-based neuronal model, the generalized-leaky-integrate-and-fire-rate (GLIFR) model, which is a rate equivalent of the generalized-leaky-integrate-and-fire model. The GLIFR model has multiple dynamical mechanisms, which add to the complexity of its activity while maintaining differentiability. We focus on the role of after-spike currents, currents induced or modulated by neuronal spikes, in producing rich temporal dynamics. We use machine learning techniques to learn both synaptic weights and parameters underlying intrinsic dynamics to solve temporal tasks. The GLIFR model allows the use of standard gradient descent techniques rather than surrogate gradient descent, which has been used in spiking neural networks. After establishing the ability to optimize parameters using gradient descent in single neurons, we ask how networks of GLIFR neurons learn and perform on temporally challenging tasks, such as sequential MNIST. We find that these networks learn diverse parameters, which gives rise to diversity in neuronal dynamics, as demonstrated by clustering of neuronal parameters. GLIFR networks have mixed performance when compared to vanilla recurrent neural networks, with higher performance in pixel-by-pixel MNIST but lower in line-by-line MNIST. However, they appear to be more robust to random silencing. We find that the ability to learn heterogeneity and the presence of after-spike currents contribute to these gains in performance. Our work demonstrates both the computational robustness of neuronal complexity and diversity in networks and a feasible method of training such models using exact gradients.
Coping with the Forced Separation of Close Relationships during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Samokhvalova Anna G. , Saporovskaia Mariia V. , Khazova Svetlana A. , Tikhomirova Elena V. , Shipova Natalia S.
Published: February 2023

Background. Issues regarding close relations became especially prevalent within the context of the pandemic, due to the forced separation of these relationships. This is now seen as a significant stressor that influences emotions and subjective perceptions of the relationship. Objective. The current study aims to investigate the specifics of coping with the forced separation of partners with varying types of closeness. Design. The study was carried out with quantitative and qualitative methods. The sample included 43 women and 42 men (aged 21-47); all were involuntarily separated from their partners by impacts of the pandemic. Results. Three scenarios of romantic relationships were identified based on a balance of love components (intimacy, passion, commitment) and prevalent feelings (closeness or distance). The authors concluded that certain coping strategies (positive reassessment, acceptance, distraction) can help the individual to cope with the separation, but do not contribute to the closeness of the partners and the strengthening of the relationship. Coping primarily through active support was typical for partners with intense and balanced feelings based on closeness (Scenario 3). Ambivalent feelings toward a partner (Scenario 1) were associated with passive coping, which increased the risk of detachment. The moderate manifestation of balanced love components and closeness (Scenario 2) focused on acceptance of the situation, positive reassessing, and distraction, all of which reduce the stress of separation, but cause anxiety regarding the future of the relationship. Conclusion. The type of close relationship has been found to correlate to the coping strategy adopted by the couple following forced separation during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, further studies are required to investigate separation in various social contexts, not only in isolation due to the pandemic, as well as its connection to psychological well-being.
A Russian Version of the Emotional Autonomy Scale: Primary Adaptation Data
Authors: Konshina Tatiana , Sadovnikova Tatiana
Published: February 2023

Background. The formation of emotional autonomy in child-parent relations is one of the main developmental tasks of adolescence (Havighurst, 1972). The theoretical framework of our study comes from the Age-Related Cultural-Historical Approach (Vygotsky, 2000; Leontiev, 1978; Bozhovich, 2009; Elkonin, 1972) and the Theory of Emotional Autonomy Formation by L. Steinberg & S. Silverberg (1986). Here we present the results of a test with the Russian version of the “Emotional Autonomy Scale” (EAS) as validated by L. Steinberg & S. Silverberg (1986). Objective. We conducted a substantial psychometric analysis of the EAS scales on a Russian sample. Design. The participants were 222 pupils from the 9th to 11th grades in Moscow schools (age 14-17; M = 15.89; SD = 0.91). A comparative and structural analysis was conducted to review the reliability of the EAS Russian version, administered by the authors. Methods. The pupils were evaluated with 1) the authors’ Russian version of the EAS by L. Steinberg & S. Silverberg (1986); and 2) the Parent-Child Interaction questionnaire (PCI) by I. Markovskaya (1999). Results. The fit of Steinberg’s original Four-factor model (L. Steinberg & S. Silverberg, 1986) and of the Beyers’ and colleagues’ Seven-factor model (2005) were studied on a Russian sample for the first time. The Four-factor model was chosen as the final model due to better fit indices and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The CFA showed the model fit indices to be acceptable (RMSEA = 0.07) or slightly less than the good fit values (CFI = 0.74). The validity analysis was conducted using the PCI by I. Markovskaya (1999). Conclusion. The aim of theoretical analysis, approbation, and validation of the EAS on a Russian sample was achieved: the authors’ version of the EAS is a valid and reliable instrument to measure adolescents’ emotional autonomy in a Russian sample.
Impacts of parental breakfast consumption literacy on children's home breakfast consumption
Authors: Lu Yanming
Published: February 2023

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental breakfast consumption literacy and their children's home breakfast consumption. Methods: This study, employing a cross-sectional design, conducted in September 2021, consisted of a total of 275 children aged 6–7 years and 275 parents. One-way analysis of variance and independent-sample t-test were applied to compare children's home breakfast consumption amongst sub-groups. The relationship between parental breakfast consumption literacy and children's home breakfast consumption was assessed utilising multiple linear regression models controlling for socio-demographic factors. All data were analysed by the software of R Commander. Results: Parents with inadequate breakfast consumption literacy had less children's home breakfast consumption ( p = 0.006), such relationship ( p = 0.002, 95% CI: 4.76–7.65) had significance controlling for socio-demographic factors. Living in urban areas ( p = 0.006, 95% CI: 6.43–9.92), parental unemployment ( p = 0.004, 95% CI: 5.47–9.43), and low parental educational level ( p = 0.005, 95% CI: 2.34–4.76) were significantly associated with less children's home breakfast consumption. Conclusion: Adequate parental breakfast consumption literacy was associated with more children's home breakfast consumption. Parental-based health education interventions show promise in promoting home breakfast consumption in the family setting. Residential status, parental level of education, and parental employment were associated with children's home breakfast consumption. Future research should understand more about the experiences and contexts of children's home breakfast consumption within the family environments, with a focus on employing qualitative approaches.
“History can’t be written without us in the center”: Colonial trauma, the cartographic body, and decolonizing methodologies in urban planning
Authors: Sletto Bjørn , Novoa Magdalena , Vasudevan Raksha
Published: February 2023

Drawing on the concept of ‘cuerpo-territorio,’ we conceptualize non-Western “other mappings” as situated and historical performances that center embodied experiences, such as the multiple and persistent traumas of coloniality, that are invisibilized in Cartesian cartographic processes. In doing so, these mappings unveil how Cartesian cartography does the traumatic work of coloniality while fostering alternative, embodied spatial imaginaries based on situated practices and visceral geographies. The article discusses three mapping projects completed at different times through distinct approaches in Venezuela, Chile, and the Dominican Republic to illuminate the pluriversality of subaltern geographies within the context of historical trauma. We suggest that the process of developing other mappings in tandem with communities constitutes decolonial methodologies that disrupt the notion of maps as traditionally understood and utilized in urban planning and development. Thus, we go beyond the tradition of participatory mapping as a technical means of visibilizing subaltern territorial claims, land-uses, and preservation practices by focusing on the potentials of other mappings to foster critical thinking, dialogue, and action.
Episodic foresight is impaired following acute alcohol intoxication
Authors: Elliott Morgan , Terrett Gill , Curran H Valerie , Rendell Peter G , Henry Julie D
Published: February 2023

Background:

Alcohol intoxication disrupts many aspects of cognition, including the generation of phenomenological characteristics of future events (a component of episodic foresight), and the execution of directed preparatory behaviours (a component of prospective memory). However, no study has tested whether alcohol intoxication is also associated with deficits engaging episodic foresight to guide future-directed behaviour.

Aims:

This study was designed to provide the first test of how alcohol intoxication influences the functional application of episodic foresight. The secondary aim was to establish the degree to which any observed episodic foresight difficulties associated with alcohol use might reflect broader problems in retrospective memory and executive control. Sex differences were also examined.

Methods:

Healthy adult social drinkers randomly received either a moderate dose of 0.6 g/kg alcohol ( n = 61) or a matched placebo drink ( n = 63) and then completed a validated measure that met strict criteria for assessing the functional application of episodic foresight as well as a broader cognitive test battery.

Results:

Relative to the placebo condition, episodic foresight was impaired by acute alcohol consumption, with this impairment related to poorer retrospective memory, but not executive control. The negative effects of alcohol intoxication on episodic foresight did not differ as a function of sex.

Conclusions:

Even a moderate level of intoxication impairs the ability to use episodic foresight in a functionally adaptive way. These findings have implications for understanding many of the maladaptive behaviours that are often associated with acute alcohol use.
From playground swings to sway control of cranes: An active pendulum experiment
Authors: Stein Adrian , Parcic Tarik , Singh Tarunraj
Published: February 2023

Dynamics is a core discipline in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering programs and with the ubiquitous nature of control in modern-day applications, the field of mechatronics has gained popularity. Mechatronics refers to the field of engineering which integrates the engineering disciplines of mechanical, control, electronics, and computing. To create a testbed to illustrate a tabletop mechatronics system, the paper details the design, and fabrication of an active pendulum whose length can be changed in real-time using solenoids. This permits illustrating two concepts: (1) damping of pendulum oscillations which emulates the sway of a crane and (2) amplification of the oscillations which emulates the pumping of a playground swing. The paper describes the steps prior to experimental validation which includes: modeling, system identification, signal processing, and controller implementation. Numerical simulations are used to prototype the controller and eventually to compare the simulation results to the experimental ones. The results of all the experiments illustrate a close match between the simulated and experimental results. To permit reproduction of the experiment, the design details and code to implement the controllers are posted in a public repository.
‘We work for the Devil’: Oil extraction, kinship and the fantasy of time on the offshore frontier
Authors: Destrée Pauline
Published: February 2023

In the offshore oil industry of Takoradi, Ghana, white expatriate workers describe oil extraction as both ‘the work of the Devil’ and a ‘labour of love’. While companies strive to produce the offshore as a timeless and spaceless fantasy of ‘frictionless profit’, workers emphasize oil work as a sacrificial economy where risk, loss and distance are traded in the pursuit of an ideal of family life. In this article, I argue that the operational structures and labour regime of the offshore (characterized by a rotation pattern, continuous production, distant locations, a segregated workforce, and mobile installations) create not only a model of capital accumulation, but a mode of being and making kin. I describe oil workers’ aspirations to a ‘good family life’ and parental care, pitting time against distance, and the interpersonal ruins that remain when they fray. In probing how oil workers make petro-capitalism affectively workable, by exploring the entangled processes of extractive and reproductive labour, this article contributes to recent scholarship on the role of kinship in sustaining global capitalism.
Considerations for Professional Learning Supporting Teachers of the Gifted in Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors: Weber Christine L. , Mofield Emily L.
Published: February 2023

Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) requires that the teacher understands and applies not only knowledge about content, and not only knowledge about teaching strategies, but an intersection of the two. This article provides professional learning considerations for supporting teachers’ PCK and skills with gifted and high-potential students. These considerations are presented through the lens of the professional learning literature, the recent global principles of professional learning established by the World Council for Gifted and Talented Children, and the talent development paradigm. Two questions are addressed including: What is high-quality professional learning and how does it differ for educators of gifted learners? What needs to be emphasized when planning professional learning for supporting teachers’ PCK? The importance of strengthening teachers’ understanding of specific content knowledge and how to teach it through differentiated professional learning experiences using preassessments and then evaluating the effectiveness of those experiences are key for improving student results. Ongoing administrative support needs to be provided to teachers applying differentiated curricular and instructional approaches with gifted students.
The effect of insulin resistance on the heart rate recovery in healthy individuals with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular disease risk profile
Authors: Aktas Halil , Gul Murat , Inci Sinan , Yildirim Oguz , Turgut Mustafa
Published: February 2023

The association between insulin resistance (IR) and heart rate recovery index (HRRI) has been reported previously, but the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile of the subjects was unclear in these studies. Therefore, we evaluated the association between IR and HRRI in apparently healthy individuals without metabolic syndrome who had a low-to-moderate CVD risk profile. A total of 182 eligible subjects were retrospectively included in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) value. HOMA-IR ≥2.5 was defined as IR (+) group (92 subjects), and <2.5 as IR (−) group (88 subjects). HRRI-2 was found by subtracting the heart rate at the second minute in the post-exercise recovery period from the maximum heart rate. Abnormal HRRI was defined as HRRI-2 that is ≤42 beats. The mean age of the patients was 41.91 ± 8.64 and 49.4% of them were female. Abnormal HRRI rates were significantly higher in the IR (+) group (37.2% vs 18.2%; p = 0.004). A negative correlation was detected between HRRI-2 and HOMA-IR ( r = −0.416; p < 0.001). HOMA-IR (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.57; confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–2.23; p = 0.013) and maximum heart rate during exercise (OR = 0.95; CI = 0.91–0.99; p = 0.013) as independent variables of abnormal HRRI. The HOMA-IR value of 2.82 was identified as an effective cutoff point for the prediction of abnormal HRRI (area under the curve: 0.658; CI: 0.570–0.746; p = 0.001). In this study, it was shown that IR without metabolic syndrome reduces HRRI in healthy individuals with a low-to-moderate CVD risk profile.
Measuring family outcomes for young autistic children receiving interventions in China: The structure of the Family Outcomes Survey and predicting variables
Authors: Xie Huichao , Waschl Nicolette , Zeng Songtian
Published: February 2023

Given the importance of parent involvement and parent-implemented interventions in achieving maximum child outcomes, practitioners need valid measures to assess and monitor family outcomes in developing and delivering effective and sustainable interventions. This study examined the structure of the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A, using a sample of 467 caregivers of young children diagnosed with or at increased likelihood of autism in China and identified significant predictors of the five family outcomes. Findings supported a five-factor model but a poorer fit was reported when the overall family outcome factor was added to the model. Modeling shared variance between some items under Outcome 4, “having support systems,” and Outcome 5, “accessing the community” was found to significantly improve the model fit. Among the analyzed child and family characteristics, the number of hours that the caregiver spent with the autistic child, caregivers’ employment status, family income, and caregivers’ educational attainment were found to be significantly associated with Family Outcomes Survey, Form A scores. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Lay abstract

Efforts to measure, document, and monitor family outcomes can be helpful to practitioners in developing and delivering effective and sustainable interventions. Researchers have developed the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A, for measuring the outcomes experienced by families of children in the early intervention/early childhood special education system. Little has been reported on how well the five outcomes on the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A describe the experiences and expectations of families of autistic children in China. We conducted a survey using the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A, Chinese version with 467 caregivers of young autistic children in China. First, the five-outcome structure of the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A seemed to be appropriate for measuring family outcomes of autistic children in China. We also found that the Chinese caregivers of autistic children seemed to give general lower ratings on all five outcomes on the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A as compared to caregivers of children in early intervention/early childhood special education in Western countries like the United States and Australia. Furthermore, caregivers’ ratings on the five Family Outcomes Survey, Form A outcomes seemed to be related to their educational attainment, employment status, family income level, and how much time caregivers spent with their autistic child. This study supported the use of the Family Outcomes Survey, Form A, Chinese version with families of autistic children in China. We also discussed how the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic could have impacted the family outcomes as reported by the Chinese caregivers.