bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apuntes sobre la autotraducción catalana contemporánea
Authors: Arnau i Segarra Pilar
Published: April 2021

La autotraducción literaria catalana no es un fenómeno nuevo pero se ha intensificado desde 1975. Actualmente muchos escritores catalanes que escriben literatura de ficción en catalán deciden traducir ellos mismos sus obras al castellano. Los motivos que generan estas autotraducciones son muy diversos. En muchos casos el resultado de las autotraducciones catalanas va más allá del ejercicio de la autotraducción y se convierte en un proceso de reescritura literaria en lengua castellana.
Cloud führt in die digitale Zukunft
Authors: Greis Christoph
Published: April 2021

Die disruptive Kraft der Digitalisierung hat die Gesellschaft in wenigen Jahren bereits nachdrücklich beeinflusst. Immer deutlicher wird: An einer digitalen Transformation kommt langfristig auch kein Fertigungsbetrieb vorbei, wenn er wirtschaftlich erfolgreich und wettbewerbsfähig bleiben soll.
Produktion auf Überholspur
Authors: Teumer Nicki
Published: April 2021

Ein renommierter Pumpenhersteller hat seinen Stammsitz erneuert. Herzstück ist jetzt eine smarte Fabrik, die mit modernen Werkplätzen und autonomen Transportsystemen (AGVs) ausgestattet ist. Der Clou ist ein digitales Werkerführungssystem, das als Intelligenz der Fabrik fungiert, sämtliche Fertigungsabläufe überwacht und das Personal anleitet.
Automatisierte Konstruktion von Schweißvorrichtungen im Karosseriebau/Automated Design of Welding Jigs for Body Shops
Authors: Lichtenthäler Kolja , Höltgen Christian , Fiedler Falko , Bergweiler Georg
Published: April 2021

Inhalt Im automobilen Karosseriebau sorgen starre, bauteilspezifische Schweißvorrichtungen für hohe Kosten im Falle von Produktänderungen, die vor allem in der Prototypen- und Vorserienphase häufig auftreten. Die Verwendung von additiv gefertigten Vorrichtungselementen stellt eine Möglichkeit dar, produktspezifische Elemente kostengünstiger bereitzustellen [1]. Für die schnellere, und damit auch kostengünstigere Umsetzung von auftretenden Änderungsanforderungen an Schweißvorrichtungen, stellt die Automatisierung des Konstruktionsprozesses eine vielversprechende Lösung dar [2]. Am Werkzeugmaschinenlabor WZL der RWTH Aachen University wurde zusammen mit der Firma PTC ein Automatisierungstool für die Konstruktion von Schweißvorrichtungen für das Computer-Aided Design (CAD)-System „Creo“ entwickelt, welche auf einem modularen Vorrichtungssystem basiert. Eine Bauteilbibliothek bestehend aus Standardelementen (Normprofile, Spanner und Aufnahmestiften), 2D-geschnittenen Metallblechen sowie additiv gefertigten bauteilspezifischen Vorrichtungselementen bildet hierfür die Konstruktionsgrundlage. Die additiv gefertigten Kunststoff-Strukturelemente ermöglichen durch ihre beliebig anpassbare Struktur eine beschleunigte Anpassbarkeit während der Schweißvorrichtungskonstruktion. Durch die Erprobung an einer Versuchsbaugruppe konnte die Fähigkeit der Konstruktionsprozess- Automati- sierung exemplarisch nachgewiesen werden. Die Abschätzung der Konstruktionsdauer zeigt das Potenzial einer Konstruk- tionszeitsenkung um bis zu 88,5 % im Vergleich zur manuellen, nicht automatisierten Vorrichtungskonstruktion. Durch den Einsatz der additiven Fertigung im Vorrichtungsbau lassen sich Herstellkosten von Vorrichtungselementen reduzieren.
Augmented Reality in der Montagetechnik/Augmented Reality in assembly technology
Authors: Leiber Daria , Tanz Lukas , Reinhart Gunther
Published: April 2021

Modell- und simulationsbasierte Ansätze werden in verschiedenen Lebenszyklusphasen von Montageanlagen eingesetzt. Potenziale bestehen vor allem bei der Vereinfachung von Planung und Programmierung. Moderne Visualisierungsmethoden wie Augmented Reality (AR) können dabei genutzt werden, um Planungsergebnisse anschaulich darzustellen und existierende Anlagen in die Planung miteinzubeziehen. Auch zur Vereinfachung der Programmierung und Inbetriebnahme von Industrierobotern lässt sich AR einsetzen.

 

Model- and simulation-based methods are used in different life cycle phases of assembly systems. In particular, they offer potential for simplifying the planning and programming of assembly lines. Modern visualization methods such as Augmented Reality (AR) can be used to clearly visualize planning results and to include existing equipment in the planning process. AR can also be used to simplify the programming and initial start-up of industrial robots.
Auswahl und Weiterentwicklung von Anreizsystemen/Selection and further development of incentive systems - Current research into incentive systems in industry and digital advancement of manual assembly considering employment law
Authors: Sochor Robin , Greiter Franz , König Maximilian , Berger Julia , Schilp Johannes
Published: April 2021

Digitale Assistenzsysteme sowie betriebliche Anreizsysteme besitzen in ihrer Kombination das Potenzial, die Belastungssituation in der manuellen Montage zu senken und die Leistungsbereitschaft zu steigern. In diesem Beitrag wird eine auf Gamification beruhende Anreizimplementierung zur Verbesserung der Dimensionen Qualität, Produktivität und Wissensweitergabe unter Berücksichtigung geltenden Arbeitsrechtes und anwendungsspezifischer Anforderungen analysiert und weiterentwickelt.

 

The combination of digital assistance systems and operational incentive systems allows for improving the workload conditions and the motivation of manual assembly workers. This article analyzes and optimizes a gamification-based incentive system to stimulate quality, productivity and the spread of knowledge while considering current employment law and application-specific requirements.
Automatisierte KI-basierte Leckage-Erkennung/Automated AI-based leak detection
Authors: Dierolf Christian , Sauer Alexander
Published: April 2021

Obwohl Druckluftleckagen jährlich hohe Kosten verursachen, ist deren automatisierte und aufwandsarme Erkennung immer noch nicht möglich. In diesem Beitrag wird das Konzept einer automatisierten KI-basierten Leckage-Erkennung vorgestellt und auf einen Druckluft-Labordemonstrator angewendet. Erste Validierungen der Vorgehensweise zeigen, welche Potenziale und Herausforderungen sich für das Leckage-Management an Druckluftmaschinen ergeben.

 

Though incurring substantial costs every year, compressed air leakages still cannot be detected automatically and without much effort. This paper presents a method for an automated AI-based leak detection system, which is applied to a compressed air laboratory demonstrator. First validations of the approach show what potential and challenges there are in the leakage management of compressed air machines.
Upper Ordovician graptolites and biostratigraphy of the Röstånga 1 core,Scania, S. Sweden
Authors: Pålsson C.
Published: April 2021

A core drilling at Röstånga in 1997, referred to as Röstånga 1, penetrated a significant portion of the Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian succession in this classical Lower Palaeozoic outcrop area in W central Scania. In descending order the Upper Ordovician of the core embraces the following units (stratigraphic thickness in parenthesis): Lindegård Mudstone (27.8 m), Fjäcka Shale (13.6 m), Mossen Formation (0.6 m), Skagen Formation (0.8 m), and Sularp Formation (19.9 m+). Graptolites are described from the Lindegård Mudstone, the Fjäcka Shale, and the Mossen Formation. The graptolites are classified into 12 taxa, among which 9 are identified to species. Graptolites are very rare in the Mossen Formation, which has yielded only two specimens of Pseudoclimacograptus scharenbergi.The Fjäcka Shale yielded a fairly diverse graptolite fauna, indicative of the Pleurograptus linearis Zone.This zone is succeeded by the Dicellograptus complanatus Zone, with the zonal index appearing in the lower part of the Lindegård Mudstone immediately above graptolites indicative of the P. linearisZone. No graptolites were recovered from the Skagen Formation and the Sularp Formation.
Quantitative dynamic modelling of basin development in the central and eastern North Sea region – coaxial stretching and strain localization
Authors: Frederiksen Susanne
Published: April 2021

A new two-dimensional dynamic lithosphere model is used to simulate the Late Palaeozoic to end Danian evolution of the Norwegian-Danish Basin and the post Permian evolution of the Central North Sea including the Central Graben. The transient heat equation and the equations of motion are solved using the finite element method. The lithosphere deforms by brittle and ductile processes through an elasto-visco-plastic rheology depending on temperature, pressure, strain-rate and material parameters. Strain softening dependent on accumulated strain is incorporated. Deposition, erosion and compaction of sediments are simulated. Results show that it is possible to satisfy observations of crustal structure, sediment thickness and surface heat flow for both basins taking all major tectonic and thermal events into consideration. The evolution of the Norwegian-Danish Basin is modelled using a Late Carboniferous – Early Permian thermal event, main rift phase in Early Permian and a minor extensional phase in Triassic. For the Central North Sea two thermal and three tectonic events are simulated: Late Carboniferous – Early Permian and Middle Jurassic thermal events, Early Triassic and Late Jurassic extension, and Late Cretaceous compression. Results show that strain softening may lead to strain localization during extension and therefore may explain observations of upper mantle dipping reflectors in the North Sea. A pure shear dominated extensional regime may change into a simple shear system.
Post mid-Cretaceous inversion tectonics in the Danish Central Graben – regionally synchronous tectonic events?
Authors: Vejbæk Ole Valdemar
Published: April 2021

Structural analysis of the Upper Cretaceous to Palaeogene succession in the Danish Central Graben suggests continuous inversion heralded in the Late Hauterivian and continuing into Palaeogene times. The following phases of increased intensity are identified: 1) latest Santonian, 2) Mid Campanian, 3) late Maastrichtian, 4) Late Paleocene – Eocene, and 5) Early Oligocene. Phases 1 through 3 are Sub-Hercynian, phase 4 is Laramide, and phase 5 is Pyrenean according to Alpine Orogen nomenclature. A temporal change in structural style is noted from early inversion confined to narrow zones associated with reverse faulting along pre-existing normal faults to late inversion dominated by gentle basinwide flexuring and folding. Inversion phases in the Danish Central Graben seem to be synchronous with inversion phases along the Sorgenfrei-Tornquist Zone. The location of inversion is generally spatially linked to Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous depocentres, whereas older depocentres generally have remained intact. The origin of the compressional stress field is generally based on suggested compressional stresses transmitted into the foreland from the Alpine Orogen. In the Sub-Hercynian phase, orogenic compression dominated the Eastern Alps and Northern Carpathians to produce a likely NW oriented compression. However, structures in Denmark rather suggest a transpressional environment resulting from NNE–SSW compression. Furthermore, transmission of Alpine orogenic stresses into the foreland commenced in the Turonian, a considerable time after the Late Hauterivian and later inversion precursors. Ridge-push forces transmitted from sea-floor spreading south of the Charlie-Gibbs fracture zone, particularly from the Goban Spur SW of Ireland, acting in conjunction with Alpine orogenic stresses are suggested as the cause for the stress field.
Malnutrition in hospitalized older patients. Clinical case
Authors: Ostapenko V. S. , Balaeva M. M. , Runikhina N. K. , Krylov K. Yu.
Published: April 2021

Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome, which often undiagnosed, leads to impaired physical and mental functioning and patient prognosis. Geriatric patients admitted to hospital with acute and subacute conditions and pain syndrome are in an especial risk zone. The article presents a clinical case of the development and correction of malnutrition in an 84-year-old patient with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Risk factors and existing approaches to the management of patients with malnutrition are discussed.
Diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nodel M. R.
Published: April 2021

The article presents the current criteria for clinically reliable and clinically possible Parkinson's disease; the role of paraclinical methods in diagnosis is discussed.
Structural and optical characteristics determined by the sputtering deposition conditions of oxide thin films
Authors: Prepelita Petronela , Garoi Florin , Craciun Valentin
Published: April 2021

The influence of film thickness on the structural and optical properties of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on quartz substrates was investigated. The deposition conditions were optimized to achieve stoichiometric thin films. The orientation of crystallites, structure, and composition were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while the surface topography of the samples was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optical characteristics were measured for samples with the same composition but obtained with different deposition parameters, such as increasing thickness. The optical constants (i.e., the refractive index n, the extinction coefficient k, and the absorption coefficient α) of the SiO2 and ZnO oxide films were determined from the transmission spectra recorded in the range of 190–2500 nm by using the Swanepoel method, while the energy bandgap was calculated from the absorption spectra. The influence of thickness on the structural and optical properties of the oxide films was investigated. Good optical quality and performance were noticed, which makes these thin films worthy of integration into metamaterial structures.
Microwave-assisted multicomponent reactions in heterocyclic chemistry and mechanistic aspects
Authors: Gulati Shivani , John Stephy Elza , Shankaraiah Nagula
Published: April 2021

Microwave-assisted (MWA) multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have successfully emerged as one of the useful tools in the synthesis of biologically relevant heterocycles. These reactions are strategically employed for the generation of a variety of heterocycles along with multiple point diversifications. Over the last few decades classical MCRs such as Ugi, Biginelli, etc. have witnessed enhanced yield and efficiency with microwave assistance. The highlights of MWA-MCRs are high yields, reduced reaction time, selectivity, atom economy and simpler purification techniques, such an approach can accelerate the drug discovery process. The present review focuses on the recent advances in MWA-MCRs and their mechanistic insights over the past decade and shed light on its advantage over the conventional approach.
The Effect of Evaluation by the Chairman on The Performance of Nurses in Investigations in Medan Haji General Hospital
Authors: Alfian Rian , Fitriani Arifah Devi , Satria Beni
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of evaluation by the head of the room on the performance of nurses in the inpatient room of RSU Hajj Medan in 2020. This study used a quantitative method with a cross sectional design. The results of the study found that the effect of behavior evaluation on nurse performance showed a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05). The effect of the evaluation of professional abilities on the performance of nurses shows a significance value of 0.417 (p> 0.05). The effect of the evaluation of the nursing process on the performance of nurses shows a significance value of 0.006 (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of behavior evaluation and nursing process by the head of the room on the performance of nurses in the inpatient room of RSU Hajj Medan in 2020. Evaluation of professional abilities does not have a significant effect on the performance of nurses. The most influential variable is the behavior with the highest coefficient value, amounting to 0.512 with a positive value. The head of the room is expected to optimize his role in evaluating programmed, scheduled, and in accordance with the standards and principles of implementation.
Pelleting pruning residues of mandarin for bio-energy
Authors: Gürdil Gürkan , Dağtekin Metin
Published: April 2021

Aims: This study evaluates the biofuel potential of mandarin orchard pruning residues in the form of pellets.Methods and Results: Pellets were produced at M10 (8 – 10%) moisture content, from three different particle sizes (ground by sieves having 4, 6 and 8 mm). Some thermal and physical-mechanical properties of the pellets were studied and checked according to the recent EU (European Union) standards. Pellet bulk densities varied between 474 kg m-3 and 507 kg m-3, while the pellet densities varied between 1230 kg m-3 and 1270 kg m-3 Mechanical durability (MD) values varied from 79.46% to 92.14%. Firmness values changed from 2039.34 N to 2807.40 N. Ash content was 5.64% and heating value of the pellets was 18.66 MJ kg-1.Conclusions: The measured physical-mechanical properties of the produced pellets were in line with the related standards. In addition, flue gas emissions of all the produced pellets were in limits mentioned in heating regulations for the environmental protection aspects for bio-energy resource. Thermal values of pellets are very good as a solid bio-fuel.Significance and Impact of the Study: Results showed that the pruning residues of mandarin pruning residues were suitable both in technical and environmental.
Use of response surface method for the prediction of osmo-solar drying behavior of Anamur banana rings
Authors: Yıldız Zehra , Akkari Muhammed
Published: April 2021

Aims: In this study, banana rings were dried by a solar tray dryer together with osmotic dehydration called osmosolar dehydration. It was aimed to predict osmosolar dehydration drying conditions by Response Surface Method (RSM).Methods and Results: Banana rings were firstly immersed in sucrose solution and then dried in a solar dryer. Inputs as drying conditions were chosen as solution concentrations, slice thickness, immerse time and solar drying time. Also, outputs are chosen as water loss, shrinkage ratio and yellow color change. The results clearly showed that both water loss and shrinkage ratio have increased due to increased solar drying time and immerse time.Conclusions: The correlation coefficient (R2) values of the water loss, shrinkage ratio and yellow color change for the RSM model were respectively found as 0.979, 0.930 and 0.920.Significance and Impact of the Study: Anamur Banana, which has high moisture content and drying temperature, was dried using a combination of osmotic dehydration and solar drying. Pretreatment of osmotic dehydration was found to be effective in dried banana rings with solar tray dryer.
Uşak ilinde arı ürünlerinin tüketim durumları
Authors: Şahinler Nuray , Çetinkaya Selçuk , Toy Nesibe Özge
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Ege Bölgesinde yer alan Uşak ilinde arı ürünlerinin tüketici özelliklerinin, alışkanlıklarının ve farkındalıklarının belirlenmesi, arı ürünlerinin bilinirliği değerlendirmektir.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışmanın materyalini Uşak ilinden rastgele seçilen 20 Akademisyen, 20 Memur, 20 Üniversite dışı seçilmiş kişiler ve 20 öğrenci olmak üzeri 80 kişiye yapılmış olan anket çalışması sonucunda elde edilen orijinal veriler oluşturmuştur. Çalışmaya katılan tüketicilerin %50’sinin eğitim durumunun üniversite olduğu; %50’sinin 3000 TL ve üzeri gelire sahip olduğu, %99’nun arı ürünlerini tükettiği belirlenmiştir. Arı ürünleri arasında tüketiciler tarafından en çok tüketilen arı ürünün bal olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yine tüketicilerin %74 ‘ü arı ürünleri satın alırken ambalajlı, markalı ürünler tercih edilmektedir. Sonuç olarak arı ürünlerinin bilinirliğinin eğitim düzeyine ve artan gelir düzeyine göre kullanımın arttığı ifade edilmiştir.Genel Yorum: Ülkemiz zengin bitki florası ve bitkisel ürün çeşitliği ile arıcıların herhangi bir yere ve yöreye bağlı kalmayıp yıl içerisinde birkaç yer değiştirerek farklı besin madde içeriğine sahip çeşitli bal (salgı ve çiçek balı) ve arıcılık ürünleri elde etmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Arıcılık çalışmaları sonucunda, bal, ana arı ve oğul üretiminin yanı sıra bal mumu, arı sütü, polen, arı zehri ve propolis gibi birçok ürün elde edilmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda katılımcıların çoğunluğunun arı ürünleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olup tüketmekte olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ancak arı ürünleri ile ilgili tanıtımın yetersiz olduğu ve bu konuda gerekli kurumların daha efektif bir tanıtım çalışması yapması gerektiği belirlenmiştir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Yapılan çalışma ile Ege Bölgesinde bulun Uşak ilinde tüketicilerin arı ürünlerine olan eğilimleri belirlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda tüketim tercihleri, arı ürünlerini satın alma yerleri, arı ürünleri satışındaki eksiklikler belirlenerek arıcılık ile uğraşanlara ve yapılacak diğer çalışmalara kaynak teşkil edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Discriminative Image Enhancement for Robust Cascaded Segmentation of CT Images
Authors: Sakboonyarat Boonnatee , Taeprasartsit Pinyo
Published: April 2021

Objective: Cascaded/attention-based neural network has become common in image segmentation. This work proposes to improve its robustness by adding discriminative image enhancement to its attention mechanism. Unlike prior work, this image enhancement can also be applied as data augmentation and easily adapted for existing models. Its generalization can improve accuracy across multiple segmentation tasks and datasets. Methods: The method first localizes a target organ in a 2D fashion to obtain a tight neighborhood of the organ in each slice. Next, the method computes an HU histogram of a region combined from multiple 2D neighborhoods. This allows the method to adaptively handle HU-range difference among images. Then, HUs are nonlinearly stretched through a parameterized mapping function providing discriminative features for neural network. Varying the function parameters creates different intensity distribution of the target region. This effectively enhances and augments image data at the same time. The HU-reassigned region is then fed to a segmentation model for training. Results: Our experiments on liver and kidney segmentation showed that even a simple cascaded 2D U-Net model could deliver competitive performance in a variety of datasets. In addition, cross-validation and ablation analysis indicated robustness of the method even when the number of original training samples was limited. Conclusion: With the proposed technique, a simple model with limited training data can deliver competitive performance. Significance: The method significantly improves robustness of a trained model and is ready for generalization to other segmentation tasks and attention-based models. Accurate models can be simpler to save computing resources.
LA MORA LITERARIA Y SU REPRESENTACIÓN EN TRES ÉPOCAS DIFERENTES: EL ABENCERRAJE, “HISTORIA DEL CAUTIVO” Y DIARIO DE UN TESTIGO DE LA GUERRA DE ÁFRICA.
Authors: MARTINEZ GONZALEZ Julia
Published: April 2021

La mora literaria es un elemento fundamental de la herencia cultural y literaria española. Al cuestionarnos sobre su percepción en las diferentes épocas, se observa que esta figura representa una doble visión dentro de la literatura: por un lado, en obras tempranas se halla la tendencia a una aparente idealización femenina, mientras que en épocas posteriores suele despertar un sentimiento, no de temor como ocurre con el moro, sino de desprecio y de rechazo a causa de su fuerza disruptiva. Basándonos en moras literarias de diferentes periodos como Jarifa (El Abencerraje, 1561-1565?), Zoraida (“Historia del Cautivo” incluida en El Quijote, 1605) y las moras sin nombre que aparecen en Diario de un Testigo de la Guerra de África (1859-1860) de Pedro Antonio de Alarcón, el siguiente artículo analizará la relación de esta figura con los personajes “no-moros”, la manera en que la mora literaria se construye y cómo varía su percepción en las diferentes épocas fluctuando paulatinamente desde una visión casi idealizada hacia una mucho más degradante que incluye términos deshumanizados y de animalización.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PRODUK HERBAL INSTAN UNTUK PENINGKATAN POLA HIDUP SEHAT
Authors: Lolok Nike Herpianti , Ridwan Bai Athur , Ramadhan Dwi Syahfitra , Yuliastri Wa Ode
Published: April 2021

Warisan budaya bangsa Indonesia yang masih digunakan hingga saat ini khususnya dalam pemeliharaan dan peningkatan kesehatan serta pencegahan dan pengobatan penyakit adalah penggunaan obat tradisional. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza) yang dapat diolah sebagai minuman instan dalam bentukserbuk yang mudah dan praktis dalam penyajiannya serta dapat memperpanjang umur simpan. Namun sebagian besar masyarakat belum pernah memperoleh pelatihan tentang pemanfaatan produk herbal untuk peningkatan pola hidup sehat. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka perlu dilakukan suatu kegiatan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan tanaman obat secara praktis dan mudah sebagai bagian dalam peningkatan hidup sehat. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Boro-Boro Lameuru Kecamatan Ranomeeto Barat Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara dengan melibatkan masyarakat dengan menggunakan metode pelatihan dengan cara mendemonstrasikan pembuatan minuman instan. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan diperoleh produk herbal berbentuk serbuk temulawak berwarna kuning, aroma khas temulawak dan tekstur yang sedikit kasar dengan ukuran yang homogen serta masyarakat suka terhadap produk yang dihasilkan. Temulawak juga diketahui memiliki khasiat meningkatkan sistem imun, menyegarkan tubuh, memperlancar metabolisme, menyehatkan fungsi hati, menambah nafsu makan, sebagai imunomodulator, hepatoprotektor, dan dapat meningkatkan daya tahan dan stamina tubuh. Kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan keterampilan masyakat dalam memanfaatkan bahan alam yang tersedia untuk meningkatkan kesehatan atau mencegah paparan dari penyakit terutama dimasa pandemi seperti saat ini.
Presentación: tiempo de China en el nuevo mundo : retos para América Latina
Authors: Puty Claudio Alberto Castelo Branco , Jia Liu , Barros Pedro Silva
Published: April 2021

Esta edición de la Revista Tempo do Mundo presenta textos que ofrecen un análisis exhaustivo de la creciente relación entre China y América Latina, destacando el aumento del comercio, la inversión y la cooperación económica entre las regiones. Los textos discuten la evolución histórica de estas relaciones, los impactos macroeconómicos en las economías latinoamericanas y los desafíos enfrentados, como la dependencia de las commodities y las políticas de desarrollo. Además, examinan casos específicos de cooperación bilateral, como los acuerdos de swap cambiario y la colaboración en proyectos de infraestructura. La diversidad de enfoques busca ofrecer una comprensión más profunda de las dinámicas en juego y sus efectos en América Latina.
About the green vector of the strategy of social and economic development of Russia
Authors:   Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Porfiryev Boris N.
Published: April 2021

The prospect of reducing the environmental and climatic risks of economic growth is considered in the context of the implementation of the strategy of sustainable socio-economic development in Russia in the medium and long term.
Using banking statistics to assess the SME sector in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Institute for the Economy of Growth named after P.A. Stolypin, Alekhnovich Anastasia O. , Anuchin Leonid L. ,   Institute for the Economy of Growth named after P.A. Stolypin, Akhiev Anton O. ,   Institute for the Economy of Growth named after P.A. Stolypin
Published: April 2021

With the development of technologies for collecting, processing and storing data, many countries started to upgrade the systems of official statistics, complementing it with big and administrative data. One of the most detailed and operative sources of data on the economy is banking statistics. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the data of the SME Growth Index, formed on the basis of the data of Sberbank, and the data of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation. The analysis showed that the data of banking statistics correspond to the data of the Federal Tax Service of Russia both in the distribution of observations in various sections (regions of the Russian Federation, size of the business), and make it possible to more quickly obtain data on the state of the sector, and can be used both for analyzing the SME sector and forecast parameters of its development. Based on the analysis of banking statistics for the 3rd quarter of 2020, the effect of “the sector whitewashing” and an increase in deductions on insurance premiums and personal income tax due to a decrease in the rate on insurance charges for SMEs from 30% to 15% was revealed. Further analysis based on data from the Federal Tax Service of Russia also confirmed this conclusion.
Applied basis for assessing the economic efficiency of innovative energy efficiency clusters
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Palamarchuk Aleksey G.
Published: April 2021

The author’s research is devoted to the development of applied principles and methodological tools for assessing the economic efficiency of modern innovative energy-efficient clusters. In the introductory part of the article the author substantiates the expediency of formation of this type of clusters in the conditions of modern high-tech production. The criteria that should be met by the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of innovative energy-efficient clusters are formed. The methodology for assessing the economic efficiency of this type of clusters, based on the application of the dynamic approach to the assessment of investment efficiency, and consisting of the main and verification assessment criteria, is developed.
Estimates of the Early Electromagnetic Emission from Compact Binary Mergers
Authors: Li 李 Yan 彦 , Shen 申 Rong-Feng 荣锋
Published: April 2021

Compact binary mergers that involve at least one neutron star, either binary neutron star or black hole–neutron star coalescences, are thought to be the potential sources of electromagnetic emission due to the material ejected during the merger or those left outside the central object after the merger. Since the intensity of these electromagnetic transients decays rapidly with time, one should pay more attention to early emissions from such events, which are useful in revealing the nature of these mergers. In this work, we study the early emission of kilonovae, short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and cocoons that could be produced in those mergers. We estimate their luminosities and timescales as functions of the chirp mass, which is the most readily constrained parameter from the gravitational wave detections of these events. We focus on the range of chirp mass as 1.3–2.7 M
⊙, which is compatible with one of the merging components being a so-called “mass gap” black hole. We show that the electromagnetic observation of these transients could be used to distinguish the types of the mergers when the detected chirp mass falls in the range of 1.5–1.7 M
⊙. Applying our analysis to the subthreshold GRB GBM-190816, we found that for this particular event the effective spin should be larger than 0.6 and the mass of the heavier object might be larger than 5.5 M
⊙ for the phenomenological Steiner–Fischer–Hempel equation of state.
Two X-Ray Plateaus of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Energy Injection from Nascent Magnetars with an Evolving Magnetic Inclination Angle
Authors: Xu M. , Tang Q. W.
Published: April 2021

As the central engine of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), a nascent magnetar can release its rotational energy by magnetic dipole radiation. This energy is injected into the outflow of the GRB jet. With the rapid evolution of the magnetic inclination angle, the perpendicular component of the magnetar’s surface magnetic field decreases rapidly. The energy loss rate of the magnetar is characterized by two different timescales. This peculiar two-stage energy injection model will affect the shape of the X-ray afterglow light curve. It is shown that a new shallow decay phase will emerge following the initial shallow decay phase. As a result, there could be two plateaus in the X-ray light curve. The effects of various physical parameters on the light curves are studied in detail. It is found that the observed afterglows of GRB 161217A and GRB 190114A, both having two plateaus in the light curve, can be well fitted in our framework.
Progenitor Dependence of Hadron-quark Phase Transition in Failing Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Zha Shuai , O’Connor Evan P. , da Silva Schneider André
Published: April 2021

We study the consequences of a hadron-quark phase transition (PT) in failing core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) that give birth to stellar-mass black holes (BH). We perform a suite of neutrino-transport general-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations in spherical symmetry with 21 progenitor models and a hybrid equation of state (EoS) including hadrons and quarks. We find that the effect of the PT on the CCSN postbounce dynamics is a function of the bounce compactness parameter

. For

, the PT leads to a second dynamical collapse of the protocompact star (PCS). While BH formation starts immediately after this second collapse for models with

, the PCS experiences a second bounce and oscillations for models with

. These models emit potent oscillatory neutrino signals with a period of ∼1 ms for tens of milliseconds after the second bounce, which can be a strong indicator of the PT in failing CCSNe if detected in the future. However, no shock revival occurs and BH formation inevitably takes place in our spherically symmetric simulations. Furthermore, via a diagram of mass-specific entropy evolution of the PCS, the progenitor dependence can be understood through the appearance of a third family of compact stars emerging at large entropy induced by the PT.
Exploring the Origin of Thick Disks Using the NewHorizon and Galactica Simulations
Authors: Park Minjung J. , Yi Sukyoung K. , Peirani Sebastien , Pichon Christophe , Dubois Yohan , Choi Hoseung , Devriendt Julien , Kaviraj Sugata , Kimm Taysun , Kraljic Katarina , Volonteri Marta
Published: April 2021

Ever since a thick disk was proposed to explain the vertical distribution of the Milky Way disk stars, its origin has been a recurrent question. We aim to answer this question by inspecting 19 disk galaxies with stellar mass greater than 1010
M
⊙ in recent cosmological high-resolution zoom-in simulations: galactica and NewHorizon. The thin and thick disks are reasonably reproduced by the simulations with scale heights and luminosity ratios as observed. We then spatially classify the thin and thick disks and find that the thick disk stars are older, metal-poorer, kinematically hotter, and higher in accreted star fraction, while both disks are dominated by the stars formed in situ. Half of the in situ stars in the thick disks are formed before the galaxies develop their disks, and the rest are formed in spatially and kinematically thinner disks and then thickened with time by heating. However, the 19 galaxies have various properties and evolutionary routes, highlighting the need for statistically large samples to draw general conclusions. We conclude from our simulations that the thin and thick disk components are not entirely distinct in terms of formation processes but rather markers of the evolution of galactic disks. Moreover, as the combined result of the thickening of the existing disk stars and the continued formation of young thin disk stars, the vertical distribution of stars does not change much after the disks settle, pointing to the modulation of both orbital diffusion and star formation by the same confounding factor: the proximity of galaxies to marginal stability.
Syntaxonomy of the xero-mesophytic oak forests in the Republic of Tatarstan (Eastern Europe)
Authors: Kozhevnikova Maria , Prokhorov Vadim
Published: April 2021

Aims: To develop a syntaxonomic classification of the xero-mesophytic broad-leaved oak forests of the Republic of Tatarstan with a preliminary analysis of their unique ecological features. Study area: The Republic of Tatarstan (European part of the Russian Federation). Methods: A total of 91 relevés were processed. Most of them (73.6%) were sampled in Tatarstan during 2016 and 2017, the remaining ones (26.4%) were historical published data. They were classified by means of a modified TWINSPAN algorithm using total inertia as a heterogeneity measure. Diagnostic, constant, and dominant species were identified using analytical tools in the JUICE 7.0 program. Results: The xero-mesophytic forests of the study area were assigned to four clusters. We describe two of them as new associations: Astragalo ciceri-Quercetum roboris ass. nova and Sanguisorbo officinalis-Quercetum roboris ass. nova. We classify them within the class Quercetea pubescentis. Conclusions: Our study is the first attempt to classify thermophilous and xero-mesophytic oak forests of the Republic of Tatarstan using the Braun-Blanquet system.

Taxonomic reference: Czerepanov (1995).

Syntaxonomic reference: Mucina et al. (2016) unless stated otherwise in the text.

Abbreviations: GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases; NMDS = Non-metric multidimensional scaling.
Review of the Pachyprotasis flavipes group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from China with descriptions of two new species
Authors: Zhong Yihai , Li Zejian , Wei Meicai
Published: April 2021

The flavipes group of Pachyprotasis Hartig, 1837, with twenty-four species recognized in China, is reviewed. This number includes two newly described species, Pachyprotasis rufodorsata sp. nov., from Sichuan, Hubei, Ningxia, and Shaanxi provinces, and Pachyprotasis nigritarsalia sp. nov., from Hunan province. The mesopleuron and metapleuron of the two new species are reddish-brown, distinguishing them from other similar species of the P. flavipes group. Thirty-four species of this group have been recorded from China, one species (P. variegate Fallén, 1808) was found to be widespread throughout Europe and Siberia, twenty-four were originally described from the China and Burma-Yunnan frontier, eleven from India, and five from Japan. A key to the species of this group from China is provided.
La transition énergétique booste le local !
Authors: Régnier Yannick
Published: April 2021

En plus d’être une réponse évidente au réchauffement climatique, la production locale d’énergies renouvelables et plus largement la transition énergétique sont créatrices d’activité, d’emplois et de ressources financières dans les territoires, à plus forte raison si elles s’appuient sur l’utilisation de ressources, matériaux et savoir-faire locaux.
Les citoyens prennent leur destin énergétique en main
Authors: Nicoloso Barbara
Published: April 2021

Longtemps tenus à l’écart de la question énergétique, les citoyens s’en emparent désormais sous de multiples formes : production d’électricité par l’éolien ou le photovoltaïque, investissement dans des chaufferies collectives au bois, des centrales hydroélectriques ou des unités de méthanisation, constitution de communautés d’énergie citoyenne… La loi sur l’autoconsommation devrait accentuer la tendance, même si la résistance au renouvelable s’organise (phénomène NIMBY).
Dépasser l’injonction individuelle et sortir de la société consumériste !
Authors: Rotillon Sylvain
Published: April 2021

Pour atteindre les objectifs de sobriété énergétique qui avancent dans les esprits, les injonctions au seul changement de comportement individuel ne peuvent suffire et ne seront qu’un pansement tant que l’on n’agira pas sur la demande et que le modèle de développement encouragera la surconsommation.
Les métropoles sont passées à l’action !
Authors: Roumet Claire
Published: April 2021

De Vienne à Barcelone, d’Helsinki à Dunkerque, les exemples ne manquent pas de ces villes qui ont déployé des stratégies de neutralité climatique, visant parfois des objectifs de souveraineté énergétique et une transition plus vaste dans l’ensemble des domaines. Il reste souvent à préciser de quelle neutralité l’on parle, ainsi que les moyens de concertation à mettre en œuvre avec les citoyens.
D’abord une politique de récit
Authors: Teillet Philippe
Published: April 2021

Sous les projecteurs depuis l’élection de l’écologiste Éric Piolle en 2014, et encore plus depuis que celui-ci revendique des ambitions nationales, Grenoble fait partie des métropoles désormais scrutées en matière de politique de transition écologique et sociétale. Avant d’examiner de plus près les résultats concrets dans nos prochains numéros, l’analyse porte ici sur la stratégie politique adoptée et le choix revendiqué d’une politique de récit et événementielle.
Ministère épiscopal et presbytéral en perspective
Authors: Repole Roberto , Caldiroli Daniela
Published: April 2021

Des théologiens tels Moingt, Kehl, Küng, Rahner ou Schillebeeckx, se sont intéressés à plusieurs reprises au ministère ordonné, offrant des contributions qui peuvent stimuler, encore aujourd’hui, une réflexion sur le ministère épiscopal et presbytéral en perspective. En les relisant de manière critique et sur la base de cet intérêt, cet essai propose de revisiter le concept de présidence, la réforme des paroisses et des nouveaux styles de communauté, une redéfinition plus précise des tâches du diaconat, une avancée théologique sur l’épiscopat et le presbytérat, des éléments de réflexion concernant le processus de formation des presbytres et le débat autour de la question des viri probati et de l’accès des femmes au ministère.
Quelle psychodynamique, pour quel travail, pour qui ? - Changements au travail - Nouveaux défis pour la PDT
Authors: Uchida Seiji
Published: April 2021

La question centrale abordée tourne autour de la construction du sens à la lumière de la tradition compréhensive (Dilthey et Gadamer) et, plus spécifiquement, de la psychanalyse. Lors du dialogue avec différents domaines des sciences humaines, la psychodynamique du travail ( pdt ) a bénéficié de leurs contributions. En même temps, ce texte cherche à montrer la spécificité et l’originalité de la pdt dans la construction du sens à travers la clinique du travail.
Qual Psicodinâmica, para qual trabalho, para quem? Mudanças no trabalho. Novos desafios para a PDT
Authors: Uchida Seiji
Published: April 2021

La question centrale abordée tourne autour de la construction du sens à la lumière de la tradition compréhensive (Dilthey et Gadamer) et, plus spécifiquement, de la psychanalyse. Lors du dialogue avec différents domaines des sciences humaines, la psychodynamique du travail ( pdt ) a bénéficié de leurs contributions. En même temps, ce texte cherche à montrer la spécificité et l’originalité de la pdt dans la construction du sens à travers de la clinique du travail.
Probiotic properties of an indigenous Pediococcus pentosaceus strain on Tenebrio molitor larval growth and survival
Authors: Lecocq A. , Natsopoulou M.E. , Berggreen I.E. , Eilenberg J. , Heckmann L.-H. Lau , Nielsen H.V. , Stensvold C.R. , Jensen A.B.
Published: April 2021

Optimising the production of insects for food and feed and ensuring their health are growing concerns for producers. Insects suffer from a range of insect pathogenic microorganisms, and the management of such diseases is essential. One solution is the introduction of beneficial probiotic bacteria into the diet of the insects. Here, we show that a lactic acid bacterial strain, Pediococcus pentosaceus, isolated from the gut of the mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, was able to inhibit the growth of selected insect pathogens in vitro. Using in vivo assessments of the host’s fitness benefits conferred by the lactic bacterium we show a significant effect of P. pentosaceus on larval growth rate and survival into adulthood. Gut microbiota analysis focusing on bacterial composition based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing suggests that P. pentosaceus could have successfully colonised the guts, or altered their bacteria, of the larvae that received it. Finally, we discuss our results in the context of mass insect production systems and outline the remaining work needed to explore and secure the role of beneficial bacterial additives in the field.
Through the eyes of continuing education - England & Wales
Authors: Darling V H
Published: April 2021

Postbasic Education in Clinical Nursing

Specialties in England and Wales

The Work of the Joint Board of Clinical Nursing Studies
Methods of Teaching-Revisited Dramatic Representation: Skits
Authors: Cooper Signe S
Published: April 2021

The ninth in a series of articles on methods of teaching, this article describes another type of simulation. Readers are encouraged to submit articles describing teaching strategies they have found useful.
RADIAL NERVE PALSY ASSOCIATED WITH HUMERAL FRACTURES
Authors: Kaiser Thomas E , Sim Franklin H , Kelly Patrick J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Of 54 patients with radial nerve palsy complicating fractures of the humeral shaft, 93% improved after early surgical treatment whereas 82% improved with expectant treatment. Partial palsy of the radial nerve, whether immediate or delayed in onset, uniformly showed similar improvement with expectant treatment or with surgery. Of patients with delayed-onset radial palsy, 40% had a nerve lesion amenable to delayed surgery. All patients who did not recover radial nerve function had fractures involving the middle third of the humerus. The poorest prognosis for nerve recovery seemed to be in patients with comminuted, middle-third fractures who had radial nerve palsy of immediate onset-a situation indicating the severity of the injury.
BOTH BONE FRACTURES OF THE FOREARM: A REVIEW OF SURGICAL VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH UNION
Authors: Rosacker James A , Kopta Joseph A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: A review of 54 patients with both bone fractures of the forearm was undertaken in order to determine the relationship of various fixation devices to the treatment success rate. Three major types of fixation were utilized: conventional plates, compression plates and intramedullary rods.

Only one patient had primary bone grafting, regardless of the degree of comminution. Eleven patients had delayed bone grafting an average of five months post injury. There was one non-union. Nineteen patients had open reduction delayed from one to three weeks and all healed primarily.

All fractures which were anatomically reduced healed primarily, regardless of the type of fixation. The highest incidence of anatomic reduction (74%) was achieved with compression plate fixation. Conventional plate fixation was accompanied by the lowest incidence of anatomic reduction.
SKULL-C2 FUSION IN RHEUMATOID PATIENTS WITH ATLANTO-AXIAL SUBLUXATION
Authors: Sadeghpour Eghtedar , Noer H Rolf , Mahinpour Siavash
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Four rheumatoid arthritis patients with displacement of the atlanto-axial joint were treated by skull-C2 fusion, with iliac bone graft. Fusion of the skull to C2 is recommended in rheumatoid patients with sublaxation at C1-C2 because it prevents not only further deformity but also danger of cord compression and symptomatic relapse. All four patients have remained symptom-free after surgery.
COMPARISON OF COMPLICATIONS OF TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS, AND OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Lakatos Joseph , Csádkányi L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Between 1971 and 1985, 3080 arthroplasties were performed. The authors analyze patients reoperated because of primary surgery complications. Of the primary arthroplasties (2889), there were 1788 operations performed for primary osteoarthritis, and 379 hip replacements for rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Reoperation rates in both groups were the same (3.4%). In the group with rheumatoid arthritis, the rate was 1.45%, much lower than the osteoarthritic group.