bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Membangun Indeks Ketahanan Pangan Berkelanjutan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung
Authors: Rizki Putra Agung , Rahmani Zikri
Published: January 2025

Krisis Pangan yang melanda indonsia pada saat sekarang ini telah menjadi permasalahan yang dapat mengganggu pembangunan di Negara Indoensia, terutama di daerah kepulauan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Bangka Belitung merupakan daerah Kepulauan yang menjadi salah satu dareah yang merasakan dampak dari adanya krisis pangan yang terjadi di Indonesia, hal ini dikarenakan Bangka Belitung sangat bergantung kepada impor pangan dari daerah lain terutama daerah-daerah tetangga seperti Pulau Sumatra dan Pulau Jawa. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana indeks ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, dimana indeks Ketahanan Pangan Ini ditentukan oleh Ketersediaan, Aksesibilitas, dan Pemanfaatan Pangan di suatu daerah.metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan desain korelasional dan analisis regresi data panel yaitu 7 kabupaten kota yang ada di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ketiga variabel ini berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap indeks ketahanan pangan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, hal ini menunjukan bahwa Provinsi Bangka Belitung sangat bergantung akan ketersediaan pangan, keterjangkauan serta pemanfaatan untuk dapat memenuhi ketahanan pangan daerahnya, dengan lahan yang sudah banyak beralih fungsi maka diperlukan perhatian pemerintah dan juga stakeholder untuk dapat berkerja sama agar Provinsi Bangka Belitung dapat mencapai Indeks Ketahanan Pangan yang sangat baik.
The Effect of Toxic Workplace Environment and Job Burnout on Turnover Intention (Study: PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk – Unit V)
Authors: Monica Hesty , Ratna Hayati Neuneung
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this research is to explain the influence of a toxic workplace environment and job burnout on employee turnover intention at PT. Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk – Unit Karawang. Furthermore, this research aims to identify the influence of a toxic workplace environment and job burnout on employee turnover intention levels at PT. Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk – Unit Karawang. This research uses a quantitative approach and descriptive analysis, with a sample of 110 respondents. Data collection efforts in this research were carried out using a survey method in the form of a questionnaire. The results of multiple linear regression equation modeling were obtained using SPSS for Windows software. The research results show that toxic workplace environment and job burnout have a positive effect on turnover intention. The findings in this research will help company management, policy makers and practitioners to formulate policies to reduce toxic workplace environments, job burnout and turnover intention among company employees.
Actualization of Pancasila Justice Values In Regarding Wage Regulations In Realizing Social Welfare
Authors: Irham Rahman  , Restu Adi Putra  , Dominikus Rato  , Ahmad Basarah
Published: January 2025

Indonesia is a country of law and upholds the values ??of justice, as justice is outlined in the fifth principle, namely social justice for all Indonesian people. Apart from that, the state also plays a role in improving the welfare of the people, namely ensuring that people get decent work and wages through regulations regarding wages. The latest regulations regarding wages are contained in Government Regulation (PP) No.51 of 2023 concerning Amendments to PP No.36 of 2021 concerning Wages. The problem is that the values ??of justice and existing regulations often conflict and these regulations do not even have justice values ??in accordance with the character of Pancasila. So the problem is formulated whether the values ??of justice have been actualized in wage regulations in Indonesia. This type of research uses a normative juridical research method, namely studying norms through literature and a research approach using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a historical approach. The research results show that based on the emergence of new regulations, namely Government Regulation (PP) No. 51 of 2023 concerning Amendments to PP No. 36 of 2021 concerning Wages, there are several changes in determining minimum wages in each region and it is hoped that these changes will be able to actualize the values ??of social justice for all Indonesian people.
Legal Uncertainty of Administrative Sanctions in the Implementation of Digital Business: A Case Study of PT Sinergi Millenium Sekuritas
Authors: Tiara Aprilia  , Suherman Suherman
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze administrative sanctions in digital business, particularly focusing on investment aspects involving PT Sinergi Millenium Sekuritas. The urgency of this study lies in the rapid development of digital business, which necessitates a graduated and progressive approach to administrative sanctions that can support overall digital business growth.The research adopts a normative legal approach, emphasizing conceptualization and relevant legal provisions. The practical application of administrative sanctions in digital business becomes relevant when examining how the OJK enforces administrative sanctions against PT Sinergi Millenium Sekuritas. In a specific case, OJK imposed an administrative sanction by revoking PT Sinergi Millenium Sekuritas' license due to the company's failure to include Equity Appendices and Agency Appendices in the Repo Agreement.The research findings highlight legal issues related to administrative sanctions in digital business, particularly the uncertainty surrounding their implementation. The key question is whether administrative sanctions should be applied immediately through license revocation or whether a gradual approach, starting from warnings to eventual license revocation, is more appropriate. The implication of administrative sanctions lacking legal certainty is the risk faced by digital business operators who fail to provide mandatory information or data in their digital operations. Consequently, they may face direct administrative sanctions, such as license revocation. However, it is essential to recognize that making license revocation the primary step in administrative sanctions could adversely impact the business climate. Therefore, further consideration is necessary regarding utility, value, and efficiency aspects when implementing administrative sanctions in the digital business context.
Consumer Protection Against Buying and Selling Transactions of Mobile Legends Diamonds on Instagram Platform
Authors: Hutabarat Josefid Keitharo , Andriyanto Adhi Nugroho
Published: January 2025

The high number of players in a game can be leveraged by certain individuals to make a profit. In games, there are digital items that can be bought and sold. For example, in the game Mobile Legends, there is something called diamonds. Besides being able to be purchased through Mobile Legends, diamonds are also widely sold in stores opened on Instagram. As its function, Instagram is a social media platform. Unlike Tokopedia or Shopee, which are E-Commerce platforms, Instagram does not have any responsibility for buying and selling activities that occur on its platform. This makes purchases through stores on Instagram more vulnerable to crimes such as fraud. Therefore, the existence of the Consumer Protection Law and ITE Law serves as protection for consumers who wish to engage in buying and selling transactions on social media platforms. This research used a normative juridical research method, wherein law served as the primary guide to examine theories and cases related to this study. The author used two approaches in conducting this research: the statutory approach and the case approach. The results of this study aimed to reveal that legal protection for consumers is regulated by consumer protection laws, thereby necessitating businesses to provide it to consumers.
Application Of Utmost Good Faith Principles In Resolving Insurance Claim Disputes In Indonesian Courts
Authors: Musjab Imam
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the Application of the Principle of Utmost Good Faith in the Settlement of Insurance Claim Disputes in Indonesian Courts. This study uses a normative juridical legal research method with a case approach to Decision Number 62/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Bpp and is analyzed using an evaluative method. The results of the study show that in the evidentiary process in court proceedings, each party must be able to prove that they have acted in utmost good faith. The insured must be able to show that they have provided complete and accurate information when applying for insurance policies, while the insurer must be able to prove that they have processed claims in utmost good faith and in accordance with the provisions in the policy. If there is any ambiguity in the contract, the court will interpret it in the manner most favorable to the insured (contra proferentem rule), provided that the interpretation is still within the corridor of applicable laws and regulations.
Problems of Determining Suspect Against a Deceased Person In The Investigation Process
Authors: Jamaludin Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Bringing judicial proceedings against the body or memory of a deceased defendant was once possible, but this is no longer possible in today’s world, as criminal actions must be stopped even before a deceased complainant is named as a suspect. This research aims to examine the criminal justice system in Indonesia regulating the status of cases against the determination of a suspect in a person as a witness/reported person who has first died. The research method used in this study is normative juridical. According to the findings of the study, the current Criminal Procedure Code cannot provide an adequate answer regarding the validity of the determination of a suspect against a deceased person, because it only states that the investigation must be stopped if the suspect dies, which implies that the suspect should have been determined during the investigation process. Therefore, lawmakers should make rules regarding the mechanism for investigations when the reported or suspected guilty person dies. Because in fact, the death of a person as a reported person suspected of committing a criminal offense requires the termination of the criminal case because the legal subject who should be held accountable for the criminal offense has died.
Job Creation Law: A New Perspective for Business Actualization of Business Competition and Its Link to Corruption
Authors: Jonathan Andreas Sitorus  , Handoyo Prasetyo
Published: January 2025

This research aims to find out how the criminal law on business competition applies after Law Number 6 of 2023 and find out how the actualization of business actors in unfair business competition is related to the potential for Corruption Crimes. This research uses a normative juridical method through a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this research are that Law Number 6 of 2023 eliminates the criminal threat of business competition in Law Number 5 of 1999, where this effort is limited to decriminalization without anything else behind it. Then, it was also found that the elimination of the criminal threat of business competition in Law Number 6 of 2023 does not necessarily eliminate the criminal threat of business competition behavior absolutely, it is still possible that there is a threat of criminal acts of corruption which is indicated by unfair business competition. This needs to get the attention of business actors, so in this case the importance of considering the principles of business judgment rules in determining business policies is emphasized in order to avoid this threat.
The Importance of Specifying The Plaintiff's Boundaries In The Legal Regulations Concerning The Environment In Indonesia
Authors: Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Otong Rosadi  , Ahwan Fanani  , Dewi Nadya Maharani
Published: January 2025

It is important for the government to be actively involved in creating a balanced ecosystem, with the role of the community being a key factor. To maximize the community's contribution, it is recommended that environmental laws grant legal status to non-governmental organizations in this field, enabling them to file dispute resolution applications in the Administrative Court. Non-governmental organizations with legal status that emphasize their goal of preserving the environment can file lawsuits in court, as explained in Decision No. 41/G/LH/2018/PTUN. PBR in the Administrative Court of Pekanbaru, serving as the main subject of this research with a normative juridical approach. In conclusion, challenges arise when the scope of non-governmental organizations in filing lawsuits is too broad, resulting in multiple interpretations and potential harm to other parties. The suggestion is to revise the Environmental Law to address the legal standing limitations of non-governmental organizations as plaintiffs in the Administrative Court, making it more effective in enforcing the law and maintaining ecosystem balance.
Customary Law and Islamic Law Existence in the Reform of National Criminal Law
Authors: Rossa Ilma Silfiah  , Suwardi Suwardi , Khoirul Huda  , Indratirini Indratirini
Published: January 2025

The existence of criminal law is a necessity for a nation to regulate the lives of its citizens. Indonesia is a constitutional state that has experienced a long legal history. Prior to the independence, the Indonesian people were familiar with the customary laws and religious laws of each resident. Customary Law and Islamic Law were jointly obeyed by the people at that time. As a living law, both are the solution for society in facing legal disputes. It is not surprising, then, that besides Positive Law, which is known to originate from Western/Colonial Law, Islamic Law and Customary Law have a higher bargaining position. So that in the establishment of National Law, Islamic Law and Customary Law become material sources for the establishment of a positive law. The formation of national law, therefore, including criminal law, really needs the contribution of Islamic law, in addition to customary and western law. The history of the development of criminal law in Indonesia is colored by Islamic values, because the socialization process of Islamic law is integrated with the development of customs in resolving criminal cases.
The Role of The Indonesian Insurance Mediation Body (BMAI) in Resolving Insurance Conflicts
Authors: Elyani Elyani , Ida Nadirah  , Maria Rosalina
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we will review the regulation of insurance in Indonesia and the role played by the Indonesian Insurance Mediation Agency (BMAI) in resolving insurance-related conflicts. This research uses normative legal research methods. According to the definition of Soerjono Soekamto, method is a process, principles, and procedures for solving problems. This research is conducted through a careful, thorough, and comprehensive examination of certain phenomena with the aim of increasing human understanding. The regulation of the insurance industry in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance, while Law Number 30 of 1999 regulates arbitration and alternative methods of conflict resolution. Differences of opinion between the parties involved are often the cause of conflicts in this context. The Indonesian Insurance Mediation Agency (BMAI) has been actively involved in resolving insurance conflicts since 2006. BMAI is a legal entity based on Pancasila and based on the 1945 Constitution, which operates independently and is neutral. BMAI plays a role in resolving conflicts, especially in the field of insurance in Indonesia through mediation, education, and arbitration processes.
The Concept Of Maqashid Sharia In The Effectiveness Of The Implementation Of Presidential Regulation No. 72 Of 2021 Concerning The Handling Of Stunting Mandailing Natal Regency
Authors: Irawan Rangkuti Chairil , Sukiati Sukiati , Syahmedi Siregar Ramadhan
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effectiveness of the implementation of Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 72 of 2021 concerning the handling of stunting in Mandailing Natal Regency through the Maqashid Syariah approach. Maqashid Syariah, which includes five main objectives, namely the protection of religion (Hifz al-Din), soul (Hifz al-Nafs), intellect (Hifz al-Aql), offspring (Hifz al-Nasl), and property (Hifz al-Mal), provides a holistic framework that integrates moral and spiritual aspects in public health and welfare efforts. This study aims to assess how the application of Maqashid Sharia values can strengthen the effectiveness of stunting management programs in the area. The research methodology used includes a literature study, interviews with religious leaders, government officials, and communities, field observations, and secondary data analysis. The results showed that the integration of Maqashid Syariah principles in the stunting handling program contributed significantly in several aspects: Hifz al-Din (Religious Protection): Religious education that educates about the importance of nutrition and health through schools and madrasas increases public awareness about religious responsibilities in maintaining children's health. Hifz al-Nafs (Protection of the Soul): Health programs supported by posyandu services in mosques and other places of worship facilitate community access to health check-ups and proper nutrition. Hifz al-Aql (Protection of Intellect): Providing good nutrition education to pregnant and lactating mothers and young families helps in the cognitive development of children, preventing the long-term impact of stunting on children's learning ability. Hifz al-Nasl (Protection of Offspring): Religious activities that support reproductive health and family planning help in maintaining maternal and child health, reducing the risk of stunting in the next generation. Hifz al-Mal (Protection of Property): Family economic empowerment programs integrated with stunting response efforts help increase family income, enabling them to provide nutritious food for their children. The conclusion of this study is that the application of Maqashid Sharia in the implementation of Presidential Regulation No 72 of 2021 in Mandailing Natal Regency is effective in supporting the handling of stunting. This holistic approach that combines physical, mental and spiritual aspects not only helps reduce stunting rates but also strengthens the community's social welfare and resilience. The practical implications of this research include developing an integrated education curriculum, utilizing places of worship as health centers, and empowering religious institutions and local communities in public health programs.
International Interim Awards Enforcement under the Indonesian Arbitration Law and UNCITRAL Model Law
Authors: Labib Wajdi Muhammad , Adolf Huala , Amalia Prita
Published: January 2025

The Indonesian umbrella regulation for arbitration, Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, is silent regarding the enforcement of interim awards which creates uncertainty of law. This is in contrast to the arbitration-friendly regulations stemming from the UNCITRAL Model Law that are found in Asia’s leading arbitral seats such as Hong Kong and Singapore. Presently, there is a growing demand for seats to adopt a mechanism for enforcing interim awards in international arbitration, as the absence of such enforcement undermines the efficacy of an effective justice system in transnational trade. Therefore, an analysis is needed to review the enforcement of interim awards under the Indonesian arbitration law and how it compares to the UNCITRAL Model Law, the Hong Kong Arbitration Ordinance, and the Singapore International Arbitration Act. Through the research, we found that there is a discrepancy both in the existence of an enforcement mechanism for interim awards and in the consistency between the law and practice in Indonesia, Hong Kong, and Singapore. In order for Indonesia to enhance its appeal as an arbitral seat, the uncertainty regarding the enforcement of interim awards must be remedied.
Application of the Ex Aequo Et Bono Principle to the Reconsidered Arbitration Award (Case Study of the Decision of the Indonesian National Arbitration Board (BANI) NUMBER 43032/VI/ARB-BANI/2020)
Authors: Irgi Fahreza Chandra  , Syofiaty Lubis
Published: January 2025

In business cooperation agreements, it is important to establish measures to prevent future conflicts. This involves adding a "Dispute Resolution" clause in the agreement, which specifies how to handle conflicts using the application of the ex aequo et bono principle, either through the courts or arbitration. The purpose of the Research is to find out the arbitrators apply the principle of ex aequo et bono in arbitration awards, and the court's authority in handling arbitration award cases that are challenged in court. This research uses an empirical juridical method, which is research that seeks to see the law work in society,  By using a case approach and statutory approach which aims to study the implementation of a law or legal rule carried out in legal practice and examine references related to the issue being studied, namely the Decision of the Indonesian National Arbitration Board (Bani) NUMBER 43032/VI/ARB-BANI/2020 jo Medan District Court Decision Number 831/Pdt/G/2021/PN Mdn jo Supreme Court Decision 1371 B/Pdt.sus-Arbt/2022. The results showed that the application of the concept of ex aequo et bono can be done if the parties agree to use this principle but it is carried out carefully by the arbitrator, The authority of the court in examining arbitral awards is limited to the annulment of arbitral awards at the first and appellate levels (Supreme Court), registration of arbitral awards and requests for execution of arbitral awards, However, arbitral awards that have reached the final stage of Appeal (Supreme Court) cannot be sued to the court because it is not the authority of the court to examine the case, this is in accordance with court decision number 326/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mdn.
Juridical Study of Resolution of Land Ownership Conflicts In The Development of Legal Security In Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Dedi , Suprapto Suprapto , Satriawan Devi
Published: January 2025

Conflicts over land ownership rights occur because of the existence of two different legal systems, namely the western legal system used by the Dutch and customary law such as customary law which is still applied in Indonesia. As a result, documents that are still under control based on the legal system, for example girik documents, SKT, stakes and so on, make legal certainty unclear. Certainty of land ownership rights in Indonesia is currently regulated based on UUPA no. 5 of 1960 in the form of a certificate document as proof of strong land control which contains physical data and juridical data as proof of land ownership rights. The best solution to resolve land ownership conflicts is to register ownership rights to land obtained based on the Dutch legal and customary system in accordance with UUPA no. 5 of 1960 and PP no. 24 of 1997 concerning land registration in conjunction with PP No. 18 of 2021 concerning management rights, land rights, apartment units, and land registration in conjunction with jurisprudence No. 234 K/Pdt/1992.
Legal Consequences of a Notarial Deed That Does Not Accord to the Facts And is Not Signed in the Presence of a Notary (Study Decision Number 46/Pdt.G/2023/PN Cbi)
Authors: Christy Chandra  , Tjempaka
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has established its country as a rule of law so one of the goals of a rule of law is to create legal certainty in every interaction between society and the state. The agreement made by a notary in a notarial deed is a manifestation of legal certainty. Laws Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Laws Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notaries has given authority to notaries to make authentic deeds. One of the problems that often occurs is that the contents of the notarial deed are not by the wishes of the person present and are not signed in the presence of a notary. The purpose of this research is to determine the validity of a deed that was not made according to the wishes of the appeared and was not signed before a Notary and its application in the case of Decision Number 46/Pdt.G/2023/PN Cbi. This research uses normative legal research methods with an approach to legal cases (case study) and statute approach using secondary data types and data collection techniques, namely interviews and document studies, as well as using legal analysis and prescriptive data collection techniques. Based on the results of this research, it is necessary to know that the validity and legal force of a deed that has been made by a Notary but not in the appeared, where the contents of the deed are not per the wishes of the appearer and is not signed in the presence of the Notary, then the action carried out by the Notary is unlawful acts regulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code so that the person appearing can ask the Notary to be held civilly responsible as in the case in decision Number 46/Pdt/G/2023/PN Cbi..
Dispute Over Vote Count in the Election of The Head of Huta Julu Village, Mandailing Natal Regency From the Perspective of Fiqh Siyasah (Analysis Study of Decision Number: 73/G/2023/PTUN.MDN)
Authors: Nisyatu Zahra Azharani  , Ramadani
Published: January 2025

Law Number 6 of 2014 outlines the authority, responsibilities, and processes related to the election and dismissal of village heads. This study examines the mechanisms applied by Indonesian law to resolve disputes related to village head elections. The relevant decision is 73/G/2023/PTUN.MDN. This study uses normative legal research, which involves the analysis of laws and regulations as legal documents. Research findings indicate a discussion regarding the selection of village heads in Huta Julu, a community in Mandailing Natal Regency. Village leaders are appointed directly, bypassing the resolution of existing issues, while disputes regarding fair vote distribution by the election committee are handled unfairly. This study explains the strategies used by judges in resolving disputes that occurred during the village head election in Huta Julu.
Legal Reform of Corporate Criminal Liability Model in the National Criminal Code
Authors: Herlina Manullang  , Martono Anggusti  , Debora  , Binsar Manogu Tua
Published: January 2025

The National Criminal Code's Criminal Law Reform governs criminal offences perpetrated by, for, and on behalf of the Corporation. Concerning Article 48 of the National Criminal Code, the framework of corporate criminal liability has embraced three models: the Corporation as maker and responsible entity, management as maker and responsible party, and the Corporation as both maker and accountable entity. Simultaneously, imposing fines, supplementary punishments, and sanctions within the National Criminal Code exemplifies utilitarian philosophy, integrating distributive and commutative justice. The practical perspective assesses punishment based on its advantages or utility; in this instance, the punishment aims to deter corporations from engaging in similar actions in the future
Apêndice : Políticas e práticas da OCDE contra a pesca ilegal, não relatada e não regumamentada (IUU)
Authors: Mota Catherine Rebouças
Published: January 2025

Em relação ao indicador sobre pesca ilegal, não relatada e não regulamentada (illegal, unreported and unregulated – IUU), o questionário apresentado aos países para a construção do banco de dados da Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) de 2019.
Apresentação : Indicadores quantitativos da OCDE e o Brasil : meio ambiente
Authors: Abade Eduardo , Basso Larissa , Mota Catherine Rebouças , Paulsen Sandra
Published: January 2025

A Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) é uma organização internacional cujo objetivo é auxiliar na construção de melhores políticas que promovam prosperidade, igualdade, oportunidade e bem-estar para todos. O trabalho da organização, junto a governos, formuladores de políticas e cidadãos, inclui o estabelecimento de padrões internacionais a partir de evidências e a busca de soluções para desafios sociais, econômicos e ambientais.
Mudança do clima
Authors: Basso Larissa , Mota Catherine Rebouças
Published: January 2025

A mudança do clima é um tema central na Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), abordado desde os anos 1990, inicialmente em discussões especializadas e, a partir dos anos 2000, integrando comitês e políticas ambientais. Em 2009, o tema foi incorporado à definição de desenvolvimento sustentável da OCDE, com a Declaração sobre Crescimento Verde, que destaca a descarbonização como pilar fundamental. A OCDE também define objetivos claros para seus membros, incluindo estratégias para a neutralização das emissões de gases de efeito estufa até 2050 e a integração de políticas climáticas e ambientais em práticas econômicas e setoriais. No contexto do Brasil, o tema é destacado no roteiro de adesão à OCDE, com ênfase em metas de neutralidade de emissões e compromisso com acordos multilaterais. Para avaliar o desempenho ambiental, a OCDE utiliza diversos indicadores relacionados às emissões de gases de efeito estufa, uso de energia, tributação climática, e subsídios aos combustíveis fósseis, os quais são analisados periodicamente no relatório "Environment at a Glance Indicators".
Economia circular : materiais e resíduos
Authors: Abbade Eduardo
Published: January 2025

A estrutura física da economia é composta por recursos materiais, cuja extração, processamento e uso impactam o meio ambiente, a economia e a sociedade. Para mitigar os impactos ambientais e promover a sustentabilidade, a economia circular se destaca como uma abordagem importante, visando maximizar a eficiência dos recursos e minimizar o desperdício, através da reutilização, reciclagem e regeneração de produtos e materiais. Essa transição para uma economia circular exige mudanças em políticas, regulamentações e práticas empresariais, com a colaboração de diversos atores, como governos, empresas e consumidores. O desafio principal é melhorar a eficiência dos recursos em todas as fases do ciclo de vida do material e promover a gestão adequada dos resíduos. Isso inclui políticas de prevenção, ecodesign, reutilização, e o uso de práticas sustentáveis que favoreçam a redução, reutilização e reciclagem de materiais. Uma gestão eficaz dos recursos materiais é crucial para garantir o crescimento verde, o desenvolvimento sustentável e a preservação dos recursos naturais para as futuras gerações.
Índice de restrição ao comércio de serviços digitais (Stri Digital)
Authors: Thorstensen Vera , Arima Júnior Mauro Kiithi , Thomazella Fábio Jorge de Toledo
Published: January 2025

A OCDE tem grande interesse nas questões econômicas internacionais e reconhece a relevância crescente do comércio digital na economia moderna, compreendendo-o como o uso de tecnologias digitais para facilitar transações transfronteiriças de bens e serviços. Embora o comércio digital não seja uma nova forma de comércio, ele introduz novas maneiras de praticar transações, além de permitir a criação de novos produtos e serviços transacionáveis. A organização destaca o potencial do comércio digital para impulsionar o crescimento econômico, aumentar a eficiência do comércio e ampliar o acesso a mercados, oferecendo oportunidades para empresas de diferentes tamanhos. Contudo, a OCDE também alerta para os desafios associados a questões de privacidade de dados, segurança cibernética e proteção da propriedade intelectual, além da possibilidade de criar desigualdades econômicas entre setores e regiões. Em alinhamento com seus princípios, a OCDE defende políticas que promovam um comércio digital aberto, transparente e baseado em regras, além de incentivar a cooperação internacional. A organização também apoia esforços para melhorar as habilidades digitais e fortalecer as infraestruturas, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento, garantindo que todos os países possam se beneficiar das oportunidades do comércio digital. O capítulo discute ainda o Índice de Restrição ao Comércio de Serviços Digitais (STRI Digital) da OCDE e a situação do Brasil nesse contexto.
Indicadores de crescimento inclusivo da OCDE : comparação Brasil - OCDE
Authors: Pereira Karen Codazzi , Soares Fábio Véras
Published: January 2025

A OCDE (Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico) tem se dedicado à análise de indicadores que avaliem o crescimento econômico de maneira inclusiva, ou seja, considerando não apenas o aumento do PIB, mas também a distribuição dos benefícios do crescimento entre diferentes grupos sociais. O conceito de crescimento inclusivo visa reduzir desigualdades sociais e promover a inclusão econômica, sendo essencial para políticas que garantam igualdade de oportunidades. A OCDE usa dois tipos de indicadores: primários e compostos, que medem variáveis econômicas específicas e combinadas, respectivamente. O estudo discute a aplicabilidade desses indicadores ao contexto brasileiro, destacando áreas como mercados inclusivos, igualdade de oportunidades e governança. Além disso, são apresentadas políticas que podem promover um crescimento mais equitativo, com foco em investimentos em pessoas e lugares marginalizados, apoio à dinâmica empresarial e construção de governos eficientes.
O Lugar das compras públicas na governança pública
Authors: Marinho Sarah
Published: January 2025

Nos últimos vinte anos, o tema das compras públicas tem se consolidado como um campo importante da economia política, com estudos acadêmicos e de formuladores de políticas destacando sua relevância fiscal e os impactos da demanda governamental no mercado. As compras públicas são vistas como parte de um sistema institucional complexo, envolvendo gestão governamental, legislação, análise de desempenho e capacidade de gestão contratual. A literatura também se preocupou com o papel das compras públicas na promoção da competitividade e como instrumento de política industrial, além de integrar questões de direitos humanos e preocupações ambientais nas práticas de aquisição. O equilíbrio entre eficiência, gestão e regulação, incluindo os modelos de licitação e administração centralizada ou descentralizada, também é amplamente discutido. Além disso, destaca-se a necessidade de combater a má conduta, com foco na ética, anticorrupção e formação de profissionais especializados, enquanto a atualização tecnológica dos sistemas de compras públicas se tornou uma prioridade desde os anos 2000.
SIRI-2 Detection of the Gamma-Ray Burst 221009A
Authors: Mitchell Lee J. , Finke Justin D. , Phlips Bernard , Johnson W. Neil , Kong Emily
Published: January 2025

SIRI-2 is a collection of strontium iodide gamma-ray detectors sensitive at approximately 400 keV to 10 MeV, launched on the Department of Defense's STPSat-6 to geosynchronous orbit. SIRI-2 detected the gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A and, unlike most GRB detectors, was not saturated and did not require any pulse pileup corrections. The energetics of this burst as measured by SIRI-2 are consistent with those found by other instruments, and the Band function fits to the spectra are consistent with those from the unsaturated Insight and GECAM instruments and similar to corrected spectra from the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, but softer than those found by Konus-Wind when that instrument was saturated. The total fluence measured with SIRI-2 was measured to be 0.140 ± 0.002 erg cm−2, lower than other instruments, likely due to the increasing background of SIRI-2 forcing the calculation to use a smaller time interval. An extrapolation of the distributions of fluences from GRBs to the fluence of 221009A measured with SIRI-2 indicates bursts brighter than this one should occur about once every 4000 yr.
Physics-driven Explosions of Stripped High-mass Stars: Synthetic Light Curves and Spectra of Stripped-envelope Supernovae with Broad Light Curves
Authors: Lu 陆 Jing 晶 , Barker Brandon L. , Goldberg Jared , Kerzendorf Wolfgang E. , Modjaz Maryam , Couch Sean M. , Shields Joshua V. , Fullard Andrew G.
Published: January 2025

Stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) represent a significant fraction of core-collapse supernovae, arising from massive stars that have shed their hydrogen and, in some cases, helium envelopes. The origins and explosion mechanisms of SESNe remain a topic of active investigation. In this work, we employ radiative-transfer simulations to model the light curves and spectra of a set of explosions of single, solar-metallicity, massive Wolf–Rayet stars with ejecta masses ranging from 4 to 11 M
⊙, which were computed from a turbulence-aided and neutrino-driven explosion mechanism. We analyze these synthetic observables to explore the impact of varying ejecta mass and helium content on observable features. We find that the light curve shape of these progenitors with high ejecta masses is consistent with observed SESNe with broad light curves but not the peak luminosities. The commonly used analytic formula based on rising bolometric light curves overestimates the ejecta mass of these high-initial-mass progenitor explosions by a factor of up to 2.6. In contrast, the calibrated method by Haynie et al., which relies on late-time decay tails, reduces uncertainties to an average of 20% within the calibrated ejecta mass range. Spectroscopically, the He i 1.083 μm line remains prominent even in models with as little as 0.02 M
⊙ of helium. However, the strength of the optical He i lines is not directly proportional to the helium mass but instead depends on a complex interplay of factors such as the 56Ni distribution, composition, and radiation field. Thus, producing realistic helium features requires detailed radiative transfer simulations for each new hydrodynamic model.
Présentation du dossier. Savoirs scolaires, savoirs “on line” : les enjeux d’une confrontation
Authors: Pasquier Dominique , Barrère Anne
Published: January 2025

L’essor du numérique et des nouvelles technologies interroge l’éducation et l’école. Ce dossier contribue à la réflexion en analysant les usages de vidéos amateurs en ligne visant à diffuser des savoirs ou à former à des savoir-faire. Quel est le rôle de ces supports dans les apprentissages ? Comment s’articulent-ils avec le rapport aux études, aux enseignants et à la forme scolaire ? Si la production et la consommation de vidéos en ligne sont spectaculaires depuis la création de YouTube en 2005, la recherche s’intéresse plus aux vidéastes qu’à leurs usages et aux cours en ligne qu’aux productions des YouTubeurs scientifiques. Une enquête de l’INJEP (2019) montre cependant que la plupart des jeunes interrogés accordent plus de crédit aux enseignements en cours à l’école qu’aux vidéos YouTube. Il ne faut donc pas raisonner en termes d’univers de substitution, mais étudier les questions posées au système et à la forme scolaires par les ressources en ligne. L’école, au temps des tutos, doit faire avec une expérience numérique juvénile qui brouille les frontières avec le jeu et entre domaines du savoir, suscitant des envies d’apprendre, parfois associées à des regrets de ne pas avoir appris ou bien appris. Elle entraîne aussi les réflexions sur la démocratisation scolaire et culturelle vers de nouvelles pistes de recherche que ce dossier vise à donner envie d’emprunter.
S’entraîner à la maison : les pratiques sportives autonomes des 6-18 ans en milieu rural
Authors: Roques Noémie
Published: January 2025

Cet article décrit les usages des vidéos diffusées sur Internet dans la pratique sportive des enfants et adolescents vivant en milieu rural, en s’appuyant sur l’ethnographie d’un village. Le recours à des vidéos pour apprendre une pratique, s’entraîner ou s’y perfectionner, entraîne-t-il une autonomisation ? L’analyse de plusieurs sports pratiqués par des jeunes âgés de 6 à 18 ans, comprenant les pratiques sportives à domicile durant le confinement de 2020, souligne que l’autonomisation permise par le numérique ne touche pas uniformément tous les sports ; les sports gymniques et de glisse se démarquent par l’usage intensif de vidéos –tant consommées que produites par les jeunes– pour l’apprentissage et le développement d’expertise tandis que les sports collectifs et les loisirs intergénérationnels se caractérisent par un faible recours à la vidéo comme support d’apprentissage.
Estimating macroeconomic models of financial crises: An endogenous regime‐switching approach
Authors: Benigno Gianluca , Foerster Andrew , Otrok Christopher , Rebucci Alessandro
Published: January 2025

We develop a new model of cycles and crises in emerging markets, featuring an occasionally binding borrowing constraint and stochastic volatility, and estimate it with quarterly data for Mexico since 1981. We propose an endogenous regime‐switching formulation of the occasionally binding borrowing constraint, develop a general perturbation method to solve the model, and estimate it using Bayesian methods. We find that the model fits the Mexican data well without systematically relying on large shocks, matching the typical stylized facts of emerging market business cycles and Mexico's history of sudden stops in capital flows. We also find that interest rate shocks play a smaller role in driving both cycles and crises than previously found in the literature.
An ordinal approach to the empirical analysis of games with monotone best responses
Authors: Lazzati Natalia , Quah John K.-H. , Shirai Koji
Published: January 2025

We develop a nonparametric and ordinal approach for testing pure strategy Nash equilibrium play in games with monotone best responses, such as those with strategic complements/substitutes. The approach makes minimal assumptions on unobserved heterogeneity, requires no parametric assumptions on payoff functions, and no restriction on equilibrium selection from multiple equilibria. The approach can also be extended in order to make inferences and predictions. Both model‐testing and inference can be implemented by a tractable computation procedure based on column generation. To illustrate how our approach works, we include an application to an IO entry game.
Prospering through
Prospera: A dynamic model of CCT impacts on educational attainment and achievement in Mexico
Authors: Behrman Jere R. , Parker Susan W. , Todd Petra , Zhang Weilong
Published: January 2025

This paper develops and estimates a dynamic model, which integrates value‐added and school‐choice models, to evaluate grade‐by‐grade and cumulative impacts of the Mexican
Prospera conditional cash transfer (CCT) program on educational achievement. The empirical application advances the previous literature by estimating policy impacts on learning, accounting for dynamic selective school attendance, and incorporating both observed and unobserved heterogeneity. A dynamic framework is critical for estimating cumulative learning effects because lagged achievements are important determinants of current achievements. The model is estimated using rich nationwide Mexican administrative data on schooling progression and mathematics and Spanish test scores in grades 4–9 along with student and family survey data. The estimates show significant CCT impacts on learning and educational attainment, particularly for students from poorer households. Results show that telesecondary schools (distance learning) play a crucial role in facilitating school attendance and in fostering skill accumulation.
Is Hume a Perspectivalist?
Authors: Zahn Sam
Published: January 2025

Hume notoriously pursues a constructive science of human nature in the Treatise while raising serious skeptical doubts about that project and leaving them apparently unanswered. On the perspectivalist reading, Hume endorses multiple incommensurable epistemic perspectives in the Treatise. This reading faces two significant objections: that it renders Hume’s epistemology inconsistent (or at least highly incoherent) and that it is ad hoc. In this paper, I propose a perspectivalist account of epistemic justification in the Treatise that addresses, to a significant degree, these concerns. Hume has available to him an account—what I will call epistemic dispositionalism—that is internally consistent, allows for epistemic continuity between perspectives, and is thoroughly grounded in his naturalism.
The Depth of Margaret Cavendish's Ecology
Authors: Fasko Manuel , West Peter
Published: January 2025

We examine Margaret Cavendish’s ecological views and argue that, in the Appendix to her final published work, Grounds of Natural Philosophy (1668), Cavendish is defending a normative account of the way that humans ought to interact with their environment. On this basis, we argue that Cavendish is committed to a form of what, for the purposes of this paper, we call ‘deep ecology,’ where that is understood as the view that humans ought to treat the rest of nature as something of intrinsic value. The reading of Cavendish we defend in this paper also commits her to a naturalistic account of ‘moral facts’ about how humans ought to interact with their environment. That is, on our reading of Cavendish, ‘moral facts’ (i.e., facts about how we ought and ought not to behave, and what it is right or wrong for us to do) are grounded in facts about nature—and, in Cavendish’s case, its (ir)regularity. Such facts are hypothetical, rather than categorical: they are facts about how we ought to act if we wish to attain happiness or flourishing. We thus contend that Cavendish anticipates, at least loosely speaking, movements in both deep ecology and in naturalistic meta-ethics that came to prominence well after the time in which she was writing.
La maquette de Saint-Bertin de Saint-Omer du musée de l’Hôtel Sandelin : enjeux scientifiques et techniques de la numérisation d’un modèle réduit d’architecture
Authors: Hamon Étienne , Dehongher Hugo
Published: January 2025

Le musée de l’Hôtel Sandelin de Saint-Omer conserve, depuis le début du xxe siècle, une maquette au 1/144e de l’église abbatiale Saint-Bertin. Réalisée dans les années 1840, elle présente un état de l’église antérieur à sa destruction quasi-totale, état dont elle offre aujourd’hui le témoignage le plus complet. L’importance documentaire de cette maquette et sa qualité d’exécution, mais aussi sa fragilité et la difficulté d’accéder à ses parties internes, militent pour sa numérisation. La conception d’un double numérique peut en effet faciliter les investigations archéologiques tout en offrant des perspectives pour la valorisation patrimoniale et la médiation muséographique de l’objet. En marge d’une recherche doctorale commencée en 2022, consacrée à l’abbatiale gothique des xiiie aux xvie siècles, et dans le cadre d’un projet exploratoire du CPER Enhance, un programme de numérisation de cette maquette, intitulé « NuMa », a été entrepris au début de l’année 2023 grâce aux moyens humains et techniques offerts par la plateforme de la fédération SCV de l’Université de Lille.
L’équipement info-documentaire des chapelles peintes des Alpes Occidentales : comparaison de deux dispositifs numériques
Authors: Cailloux Marianne
Published: January 2025

Depuis 2018, deux applications numériques ont été développées de part et d’autre des Alpes Occidentales : Patrimoine.Hautes-Alpes en France et Chiese a porte aperte en Italie. Avec des moyens et des réseaux très différents, ces deux dispositifs souhaitent faciliter, à l’aide des nouvelles technologies, la mise en accès des biens culturels aux publics. L’étude comparative proposée ici explicite les modalités du fonctionnement pratique, les moyens techniques et l’équipement info-communicationnel déployé. Il s’agit de comprendre comment s’opèrent ces nouvelles formes de mise en corpus immatériel du patrimoine artistique isolé dans les régions de montagne en dehors du cadre muséal. Nous verrons ainsi comment les contenus sont produits – et reçus – dans et autour des deux applications, les impacts sur la communication, la fréquentation et les usages qui se développent, questionnant des enjeux culturels comme l’agentivité et la sérendipité des publics.