bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Theory-Informed Systematic Review of Barriers and Enablers to Implementing Multi-Drug Pharmacogenomic Testing
Authors: Youssef Essra , Bhattacharya Debi , Sharma Ravi , Wright David J.
Published: November 2022

PGx testing requires a complex set of activities undertaken by practitioners and patients, resulting in varying implementation success. This systematic review aimed (PROSPERO: CRD42019150940) to identify barriers and enablers to practitioners and patients implementing pharmacogenomic testing. We followed PRISMA guidelines to conduct and report this review. Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed Central were systematically searched from inception to June 2022. The theoretical domain framework (TDF) guided the organisation and reporting of barriers or enablers relating to pharmacogenomic testing activities. From the twenty-five eligible reports, eleven activities were described relating to four implementation stages: ordering, facilitating, interpreting, and applying pharmacogenomic testing. Four themes were identified across the implementation stages: IT infrastructure, effort, rewards, and unknown territory. Barriers were most consistently mapped to TDF domains: memory, attention and decision-making processes, environmental context and resources, and belief about consequences.
The Potential Impact of Age on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Secondary Analysis of the Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Miyaho Katsuma , Sanada Kenji , Kurokawa Shunya , Tanaka Arisa , Tachibana Tomoyuki , Ishii Chiharu , Noda Yoshihiro , Nakajima Shinichiro , Fukuda Shinji , Mimura Masaru , Kishimoto Taishiro , Iwanami Akira
Published: November 2022

We aimed to investigate the impact of aging on the relationship among the composition of gut microbiota, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and the course of treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) by analyzing the datasets from our previous study. Patients with MDD were recruited, and their stools were collected at three time points (baseline, midterm, and endpoint) following the usual antidepressant treatment. Gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their age: the late-life group over 60 years and the middle-aged group under 60 years. GI symptoms were assessed with scores of item 11 of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. One hundred and ninety samples were collected from 32 patients with MDD. Several gut microbes had higher relative abundances in the late-life group than in the middle-aged group. In addition, the late-life group showed significantly higher diversity in the Chao1 index at baseline compared with the middle-aged group. We further found possible microbial taxa related to GI symptoms in patients with late-life depression. The abundance of several bacterial taxa may contribute to GI symptoms in the late-life depression, and our findings suggest that the therapeutic targets for the application of gut microbiota may differ depending on the age group of patients with depression.
Predicting Intention to Participate in Community Physical Activities for Adults with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Xu Qi , Xie Hongwu , Zheng Dingzhao , Wu Xinhong , Zhang Yun , Li Taibiao , Yan Tiebin
Published: November 2022

Structural equation modeling was used to derive a relationship predicting the intention to participate in community physical activity among community-dwelling adults with a physical disability in Xiamen, China. The data were collected in a cross-sectional survey. The structural equation modeling combined biomedicine and the theory of planned behavior. It integrated ratings using the rehabilitation set from the international classification of functioning, disability, and health and role-physical scores from the short form 36 health survey questionnaire instrument. The model demonstrated a good ability to predict self-reported participation intentions, explaining 62% of the variance. The standard coefficients showed that activity limitation (27%), role-physical score (21%) and body impairment (14%) were the most influential predictors. ICF-RS ratings and role-physical ratings together can usefully predict physically disabled adults’ intention of participating in community physical activities. Suggestions are presented for multidisciplinary intervention and improving this portion of the WHO’s classification system.
A Study of Hydrogen Embrittlement of SA-372 J Class High Pressure Hydrogen Storage Seamless Cylinder (≥100 MPA)
Authors: Yin Ruifeng , Fu Ruidong , Gu Ningning , Liu Yongjiu
Published: November 2022

The spinning process will lead to changes in the micro-structure and mechanical properties of the materials in different positions of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, which will show different hydrogen embrittlement resistance in the high-pressure hydrogen environment. In order to fully study the safety of hydrogen storage in large-volume seamless steel cylinders, this chapter associates the influence of the forming process with the deterioration of a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder (≥100 MPa). The anti-hydrogen embrittlement of SA-372 grade J steel at different locations of the formed cylinders was studied experimentally in three cylinders. The hydrogen embrittlement experiments were carried out according to method A of ISO 11114-4:2005. The relationship between tensile strength, microstructure, and hydrogen embrittlement is analyzed, which provides comprehensive and reliable data for the safety of hydrogen storage and transmission.
The Presence of Dirofilaria immitis in Domestic Dogs on San Cristobal Island, Galapagos
Authors: Culda Carla , Dionnet Romane , Barbu Andra , Cârstolovean Andrada , Dan Teodora , Grijalva Jaime , Espin Priscilla , Vinueza Rommel , Cruz Marylin , Páez-Rosas Diego , Renato Leon , Mihalca Andrei
Published: November 2022

This study's concept was outlined around the principle of conservation medicine in a biodiversity hotspot from the Neotropical realm: the Galapagos Islands. The wildlife balance has been modified by multi-host parasites introduced with some domestic animals (dogs and cats). The endemic and endangered species, the Galapagos sea lion (GSL, Zalophus wollebaeki), has been exposed to pathogens of canine and feline origin that could become a significant conservation problem for this species. One of these potential cases is the filarial heartworm infection, Dirofilaria immitis, which has been reported on other pinnipeds, with fatalities and clinical symptoms. Therefore, this study evaluated the presence of the microfilaria of D. immitis in dogs from Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, San Cristobal Island, where the largest rookery of GSLs lives and where the proximity to domestic dogs is the most intimate compared to other rookeries of the archipelago. Between July and September 2021, 587 blood samples were collected from owned dogs of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno. Overall, 10 dogs (1.7%) were positive for the presence of the microfilaria of D. immitis with a confidence interval of 0.7–2.8%. No other filarial species were identified. Significant differences in prevalence between different dog categories were observed only for the age (p = 0.001). This study represents the first report of D. immitis, the agent of canine heartworm disease, in dogs from San Cristobal Island. Hence, the presence of the microfilaria of D. immitis in the blood of dogs could increase the risk of infection to which the GSL is exposed in the region.
The Fisheries Biology of the Big-Eye Scad, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch) in the Philippines
Authors: DALZELL P. , PENAFLOR G.
Published: November 2022

Age and growth of Selar crumenophthalmus (Pisces, Carangidae) from the Philippines were determined through the use of otolith daily growth increments and fish length-frequency data. The methods showed good agreement for computed growth parameters. Ages estimated from otoliths agreed well with those of the same species from the Mariana Islands, also determined by otolith microstructure. Apparent mortality rates, lengths at first capture and recruitment patterns were established from length-frequency data. Mortality rates and exploitation rates were high; sources of bias are discussed. Recruitment appears to occur in two pulses during the year, between four and five months apart. Catch rates of S. crumenophthalmus are highly seasonal, reflecting not only changes in biomass but also certain behavior associated with life-history stages.
Reproductive Biology and Spawning Periodicity of Endeavour Shrimps Metapenaeus endeavouri (Schmitt, 1926) and Metapenaeus ensis (de Haan, 1850) from a Central Queensland (Australia) Fishery
Authors: COURTNEY A.J.
Published: November 2022

Metapenaeus endeavouri and M. ensis from coastal trawl fishing grounds off central Queensland, Australia, have marked seasonal reproductive cycles. Female M. endeavouri grew to a larger size than female M. ensis and occurred over a wider range of sites and depths. Although M. ensis was geographically restricted in distribution to only the shallowest sites it was highly abundant. Mating activity in these open thelycum species, indicated by the presence or absence of a spermatophore, was relatively low and highly seasonal compared with closed thelycum shrimps. Seasonal variation in spermatophore insemination can be used as an independent technique to study spawning periodicity in open thelycum shrimps. Data strongly suggest an inshore movement of M. endeavouri to mature and spawn. This differs from most concepts of Penaeus species life cycles, but is consistent with the estuarine significance in the life cycle of Metapenaeus species. Monthly population fecundity indices suggest summer spawning for both species, which contrasts with the winter spawning of other shrimps from the same multispecies fishery.
Description of the Feminises Male Form of Macrobrachium malcomsonii from Prawn Catches in Bangladesh
Authors: PERSCHBACHER P.W.
Published: November 2022

Male Macrobrachium malcomsonii in drag net catches from the Old Brahmaputra River at Mymensingh, Bangladesh were 87% of the norm.al form and 13% of the feminises form. The latter male form was distinguished from typical males by lighter coloration, less carapace and second cheliped spination and significantly (.01 level) smaller second chelipeds. The second cheliped/body length ratio averaged 1.9 in norm.al males and 0.97 in the feminises form. As the tail yield increased from 36.4% to 51.4% and territorial area was reduced in this form compared to the norm.al males, further studies in terms of aquaculture potential appear warranted.
Feeding Ecology and Prey Selection in Larval Sahar (Tor tor Ham.) of Trisuli River, Nepal
Authors: KHADKA R.B.
Published: November 2022

The food and feeding habits of sahar (Tor tor Ham.) larvae inhabiting the hill streams of Nepal were investigated. Except for copepods, larval sahar tended to prey on larger zooplankters with increasing zooplankton abundance. Comparison of dietary and prey size frequencies revealed expanding diet breadth with age. Regression analysis for mean intensity of size selection versus mean densities of various prey indicated that the prey species were not differentiated by larval sahar.
Seduced Breeding of Indian Major Carps (Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala and Labeo calbasu)
Authors: SHAH M.S.
Published: November 2022

Seduced breeding was tested in Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala and Labeo calbasu in two different breeding pool selections, where the males were always injected with pituitary gland hormone (PG) and the females were either not injected or a portion of the females injected with a single or two split doses of hormone (PG). There were fourteen attempts involving 135 different females in all the species. The average percentage of females ovulating was 96% in the noninjected group (seduced breeding) while the percentage of females ovulating in the mixed group (sympathetic breeding) averaged 63%. The average rates of fertilization in t he two breeding pool selections were both around 83%. The results of the experiments suggest that the females during their optimum reproductive period can successfully undergo seduced or sympathetic breeding under hatchery conditions.
The Resazurin Test for Estimating Bacteriological Quality of Shrimps
Authors: REDDY Y.M.
Published: November 2022

Significant inverse correlations between viable bacterial count& and 0.0025% resazurin reduction times were observed in fresh and refrigerated shrimp. The derived regression equation for predicting bacterial counts is given. The results indicate that resazurin reduction test can be used to determine the bacteriological quality of raw shrimp.
ПЕНІТЕНЦІАРНА СУБКУЛЬТУРА У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ КРИМІНАЛЬНО-ВИКОНАВЧОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Коваленко В.
Published: November 2022

У статті розглядається питання пенітенціарної субкультури у контексті реформування кримінально-виконавчої системи України. Визначено, що пенітенціарна субкультура є специфічним набором традицій, ціннісними орієнтаціями, правилами поведінки та мережею стійких неформальних контактів серед засуджених у місцях несвободи України. Аналізується функціонування пенітенціарної субкультури, яка обумовлюється об’єктивними та суб’єктивними факторами, пов’язаними з умовами кримінального покарання у вигляді позбавлення волі.
ПРО ДЕЯКІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРАВА ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ НА ГУМАННЕ СТАВЛЕННЯ ТА ПОВАГУ ЇХ ЛЮДСЬКОЇ ГІДНОСТІ
Authors: Василюк І.
Published: November 2022

У статті з’ясовано сутність та зміст права засуджених на гуманне ставлення та повагу їх людської гідності, практику його забезпечення в Україні, а також визначено ті тенденції, що склались у зв’язку з цим на протязі 1991–2022 років у сфері виконання покарань
Contribuições do Peer Instruction para o ensino de Ciências
Authors: Camillo Cíntia Moralles , Graffunder Karine Gehrke
Published: November 2022

Esta pesquisa objetivou mapear artigos nas plataformas Scielo e Google Acadêmico, no período entre 2010 e março de 2021, o qual buscou identificar e analisar as contribuições da metodologia de ensino Peer Instruction no ensino de Ciências. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória a partir de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, com análise do nível de ensino; região; disciplina; conteúdo abordado; ferramentas e recursos tecnológicos; avaliação e, contribuições. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a maioria dos artigos tiveram como público-alvo o Ensino Médio, mas afirma-se que o Peer Instruction está em ascensão, principalmente no Ensino Superior. Conclui-se que é necessário investir na formação inicial do professor para que este mude toda uma cadeia de ensino e aprendizagem que a muito tempo vem formatando o professor na sua formação. Diante disso, o Peer Instruction se mostrou capaz de agir em prol da promoção de atitudes científicas e de uma aprendizagem conceitual.
Le tourisme : perturbateur des économies littorales traditionnelles. L'exemple du littoral atlantique entre la Vilaine et la baie de l'Aiguillon.
Authors: Renard Jean
Published: November 2022

Inactivité touristique provoque sur l'économie traditionnelle du littoral Atlantique entre Vilaine et Baie de 1'Aiguillon, une série de perturbations d'ordre géographique de grande ampleur. La structure par âge de la population et les structures de l'emploi sont profondément modifiées. Les activités traditionnelles périclitent. Le tourisme polarise à son profit les énergies et les capitaux et son développement sans freins n'est pas sans dangers sur l'équilibre économique et humain de lu région en dépit de l'enrichissement global certain qu'il apporte.
Trente cinq ans d'industrialisation en Vendée (1947-1982). Evolution et bilan
Authors: Renard Jean
Published: November 2022

L'auteur décrit la rapide industrialisation de la Vendée depuis la guerre et dresse un bilan des caractères et des problèmes des industries du département en 1982.

Après avoir rappelé les traits particuliers de l'industrialisation-ateliers dispersés en milieu rural , industries de biens de consommation (confection, chaussures, ameublement, agro-alimentaire), utilisation d'une main d'oeuvre peu qualifiée, jeune et largement féminisée, initiatives locales, rôle du milieu social et des collectivités locales dans les relations humaines dans les entreprises, il montre les évolutions du tissu industriel, l'industrialisation des villes, la résistance à la crise, la transformation progressive des rapports sociaux.

Il termine en soulignant les forces et faiblesses de ces industries, le ralentissement des créations d'emploi, la montée du chômage, le maintien des déséquilibres géographiques au sein du département, les risques de délocalisation et les difficultés lors de la transmission de ces entreprises familiales.
Le commerce extérieur de la France de l’Ouest et la mer
Authors: Vigarié André
Published: November 2022

Les deux régions de Programme de Bretagne et des Pays de la Loire font que la France de l’Ouest a la réputation

d’être parmi les secteurs les plus maritimisés, c’est-à-dire les plus pénétrés par la mer dans les activités humaines ; c’est vrai pour la pèche, pour le tourisme. Mais les indicateurs économiques conduisent à se poser la question pour le commerce extérieur de ces Régions. Cela mérite analyse.

Aussi, après avoir étudié ce commerce en définissant son volume et sa composition, puis après avoir caractérisé les ports bretons et ligériens, l’objectif poursuivi est de mettre en rapport ceux-ci avec celui-là. On s’aperçoit alors que la France de l’Ouest, pour une part notable de ses relations extérieures, tourne le dos à ses rivages. Il convient alors de montrer pourquoi et comment.
Les «Pays» : Territoire et pouvoir locaux
Authors: Galisson Isabelle
Published: November 2022

A comparison between three different areas allows for a dual reflection on the area itself and the authorities involved in the development of its amenities. Any area will bring together with some difficulty natural, cultural and administrative entities. Moreover, the local power of the elected representatives of that area remains under the control of political and economic decisions from outside.
Proposition pour un algorithme mesurant les variations des données à origine contrôlée : le coefficient de pulsation (e.g. thermologie dunaire)
Authors: Palierne Jean-Max
Published: November 2022

Data of time series (or another nonrandom variables) show large fluctuations between successive values. To calculate the fluctuations, the Coefficient of Variation is inadequate. The author sets up a Coefficient of Pulsation taken out the trend.
La protection du littoral : une approche méthodologique (deux années d'enquête collective du Certificat de Géographie de la Mer)
Authors: Miossec Alain , Cabanne Claude
Published: November 2022

During two years, some forms of coastal protection have been studied. The inquiry was devoted to the coast of the Region "Pays de la Loire". Methods and any results are presented.
Contribution du géographe aux missions littorales de la Délégation Régionale à l'Architecture et à l'Environnement des Pays de la Loire
Authors: Leroy Roger , Bailleul Didier
Published: November 2022

The Regional Delegations for Architecture and the Environment (DRAE) are working parties attached to the Junior Minister to the First Secretary in charge of the Environment.

These departments, short-staffed and with limited means, are concentrating their efforts on experimental, methodological and educational activities. They are principally concerned with the protection and enhancement of the natural and cultural heritage, through the application of important legislation concerning protection and planning. In order to improve the quality of its work, the Loire DRAE is drawing on the skills of local universities.

Specialists from the Nantes Geographical Institute are being sought, mainly on the Vendée and the Loire-Atlantique coast, with the object of bringing their skills to hear on the major development projects which are the subject of impact studies, such as yachting, marinas, coastal defence operations, water engineering. Some examples of recent researchs can show the interest but also the difficulties of this task.
Formations végétales : de l’information des systèmes au système d'information
Authors: Hotyat Micheline , Saint-Gérand Thierry
Published: November 2022

La définition du concept de formation végétale dans un modèle structural présente l’avantage de trouver son corollaire naturel dans une structure de données de type "information géographique”. Cette structure rapporte par principe toute donnée renseignant un descripteur thématique à d'autres données le définissant dans son contexte espace/temps. Pour cette raison, elle paraît être la plus apte à sous-tendre un S.I.G. permettant de reformuler les descripteurs thématiques et spatiaux en fonction d'une échelle d'analyse donnée.
Paysages ligériens
Authors: Luginbühl Yves , Cros Zsuzsa
Published: November 2022

Les auteurs proposent une méthode d'analyse et d'évaluation des paysages qui repose sur la reconnaissance et la délimitation d'unités paysagères, de repérage des sites et des lieux symboliques. La Vallée de la Loire sert d'exemple. Les secteurs prioritaires sont repérés en fonction des dynamiques observées et des différents éléments composant les paysages : îles sables, coteaux, arbres, mais aussi vergers, vignes et châteaux. L'étude répond à une demande du Conseil Régional des Pays de la Loire pour le Conservatoire des rives de la Loire et de ses affluents.
L'espace halieutique existe, je l'ai rencontré... Essai théorique et méthodologique sur la géographie des pêches
Authors: Corlay Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2022

Dans le domaine pluridisciplinaire de l'halieutique, le rôle du géographe est d'analyser les configurations spatiales induites de l'activité de pêche. L'espace halieutique, objet central de la recherche, est l'expression concrète, plus ou moins visible, du système halieutique. A l'aide de quelques modèles explicatifs, il est alors possible de mettre en évidence l'organisation de cet espace et sa dynamique spatio-temporelle qui relèvent des interactions entre la nature et la société. L'évolution actuelle des pêches, à toutes les échelles, remet quelque peu en cause les modèles spatiaux classiques et ouvre de nouvelles perspectives de recherche.
Le littoral du golfe du Bénin, atout stratégique
Authors: Adam Kolawolé Sikirou
Published: November 2022

The Gulf of Benin coastal plain stretches from “Three Points Cape” in the Takorady region of Ghana to the Niger Delta in Nigeria, covering about 475 km2. The coastal complex includes barrier islands and lagoons whose geomorphological evolution has been determined primarily by holocene sea-level fluctuations and climatic changes and secondarily by local tectonics. The sandy coast is a tremendous asset for maritime activity and has been an entry point into the countries of West Africa. This sandy coast has proved to be amenable to resource development, tourism and urban population growth. However, in the current century, rapid beach erosion has occured in many areas. In some places, the erosion rate is the product of natural processes and in others, it has been accelerated by human intervention, there are several alternatives available to occupying this shoreline, including allowing the natural system to prevail. Many studies have been conducted during the past 10 years to understand the natural dynamics and to evaluate the strategies for protecting the natural environment of the Gulf of Benin. The outcome of this research is proposing strategies to the decision-makers that is more protecting of the coastal environment of the Gulf of Benin.
Gravel beach stabilization measures in the Baie des Anges, Côte d’Azur (France)
Authors: Anthony Edward J. , Jagoudet Pascal , Perez Sandra
Published: November 2022

The Baie des Anges coast of the French Riviera is a densely developed area whose beaches represent a very important tourist attraction. These gravel beaches tend to retreat, mainly as a result of man-induced perturbation of their sediment supply. Although rates of retreat are moderate, the process nevertheless threatens seafront property and infrastructure. Shoreline protection measures have included a wall along the Nice seafront, block armouring, groyne fields and breakwaters. These measures have not been effective enough in stabilizing the beaches as they neglect the basic problem which is one of increasing sediment starvation, and they tend to generate other unexpected problems such as higher wave energy reflection and pollution. Since the 1970’s, a project of periodic nourishment using gravel has been implemented along certain sectors and has proved to be effective in stabilizing the beach along the Nice seafront. Erosion still proceeds along much of the rest of the groyne-protected unnourished stretches of beaches of four other communes in the study area. These communites lack a coordinated beach protection scheme. The necessity of a common policy of beach management, using soft solutions such as gravel nourishment, appears evident.
Terroirs, typicité, qualité
Authors: Rigaux Jacky
Published: November 2022

Le comportement d’un cépage sur un terroir donné confère au vin sa typicité, mais la qualité dépend d’autres facteurs. Les meilleurs terroirs viticoles de Bourgogne bénéficient d’une exceptionnelle conjonction de qualités physiques, dont les générations de vignerons ont su tirer le meilleur parti.
Les changements dans la fonction productive des ports de pêche en Galice (Espagne), 1950-1995 / Changes in the productive function of Galician fishing ports (Spain), 1950-1995
Authors: Lois Gonzales Ruben Camilo , Pérez Sánchez José Antonio
Published: November 2022

La pêche en Galice a enregistré une profonde transformation depuis les années 1950. Sa part dans l’économie régionale n’a cessé de croître et les systèmes d’exploitation des ressources marines ont évolué de modèles d’autoconsommation vers des modèles totalement ouverts sur le marché. En outre, le rayon d’action des navires s’est considérablement étendu et concerne maintenant toutes les grandes zones de pêche. En conséquence, les ports de la région se sont spécialisés en fonction de leurs capacités de production et de leur importance et on constate une tendance à la concentration de l’activité dans les lieux de forte tradition halieutique qui ont opté pour un développement de leurs équipements.
Le rôle des acteurs dans l'application de la loi Littoral. Le cas du Finistère (France) étudié à partir des travaux de la Commission départementale des sites / Part of the decision-makers in enforcement of the Coast Act. The case of Finistère (France) studied through the activities of the Department Sites Commission
Authors: Cleac'h Annick
Published: November 2022

The enforcement of the Littoral law of 3 January 1986 has been facing many difficulties due to the lack of clarity in the document itself, the absence of secondary legislation guidelines and the number of bodies involved as a consequence of administrative decentralisation. The result is that the law does not provide a satisfactory answer to the unanimous demand for planning measures specific to France seaside areas and creates discontent among local councillors and Mps. The department of Finistère, having the longest coastline in France, offers an ideal terrain for anyone wishing to study how the Littoral law is being enforced. Starting from the reports of the Commission départementale des Sites, Perspectives et Paysages (Local commission for the protection of landscapes and environment) the paper examines the balance of power and the strategies chosen by the authorities involved, before giving an assessment on the implementation of the law.
Toamasina (Tamatave) et ses arrière-pays
Authors: Ratavoson Céline
Published: November 2022

Située sur la côte orientale de Madagascar, à 357 km de Tananarive par la route, Tamatave est le premier port de l’île, porte océane assurant 50 % du trafic portuaire national et par laquelle sont exportés des produits agricoles provenant d’un arrière-pays riche mais excentré. Tamatave est le résultat d’une histoire chargée en événements d’importance mais surtout d’une lutte courageuse des populations dont la ténacité a eu raison des difficultés et des aléas climatiques pour faire de la ville une cité moderne au visage accueillant. L’agglomération urbaine de Tamatave est une donnée majeure pour le littoral oriental malgache. Avec 158 823 habitants en 1999, elle atteint un poids démographique qui se traduit en termes de mise en valeur et d’organisation de l’espace rural, et enfin, d’échanges. Tamatave exerce une influence considérable sur sa périphérie immédiate et les sous-régions environnantes. Elle organise l’espace qui l’entoure par ses relations humaines, administratives, politiques et économiques. S’y adjoint une fonction touristique qui en fait l’étape la plus fréquentée de toute la " côte de palissandre".
Les pharmacies dans l'organisation du système de soins. Évolution des répartitions géographiques d'après l'exemple des Pays de la Loire
Authors: Renard Jean
Published: November 2022

This paper is written with a double meaning. Firstly, it describes the distribution of chemist's shops in France, with the evolution during the last forty years, in the region of " Pays de la Loire". Secondly, it shows the links and relations between chemist's shops and geographical structures, because of particular rules about their localization. So, the distribution of chemist's shops is a special geographical problem which is worth investigating.
Anthropisation et conflits d'usage sur le littoral du Gabon : éléments de réflexion
Authors: Bignoumba G. S.
Published: November 2022

Cet article est une contribution à l'étude de quelques formes d'anthropisation du littoral du Gabon. Il tente de présenter cet espace original, par sa situation d'interface entre la terre et la mer, en soulignant sa richesse potentielle, l'attrait qu'il exerce sur les populations, les mises en valeur auxquelles il donne lieu et les conflits qui opposent ses différents usagers. À travers ce regard, il invite à plus de responsabilité dans la gestion de ce milieu riche, sensible quoiqu'encore peu dégradé, en optant pour un aménagement intégré.
Déclin et résistance de la propriété châtelaine en Sologne bourbonnaise au cours du XXe siècle
Authors: Etien Jean-Louis
Published: November 2022

Au cours du XXe siècle, l’emprise foncière et agricole du château et le château lui-même ont été fortement ébranlés. Soumise à de fortes pressions complémentaires, les unes internes à l’univers châtelain, les autres externes liées aux bouleversements démographiques et socio-économiques intervenus dans les campagnes, la puissance du château décline. Le château, dépourvu de ses terres, serait devenu une simple "coquille vide". Pourtant, comme le montre l’exemple de la Sologne bourbonnaise, malgré un déclin généralisé et incontestable, de nombreux châteaux conservent encore une solide assise foncière. Comme au début du XXe siècle, certaines bâtisses bourbonnaises contrôlent plusieurs centaines d’hectares. Affaiblie, la relation entre le château et la terre n’est pas brisée mais elle ne revêt plus les mêmes formes.
La dépoldérisation, composante d’une gestion intégrée des espaces littoraux ? Prospective sur le littoral picard et analyse à la lumière de quelques expériences : Baie des Veys (Normandie), Aber de Crozon (Bretagne), Tollesbury (Essex) et Freiston shore (Lincolnshire)
Authors: Bawedin Vincent
Published: November 2022

Since the 1980 s. in the North-West of Europe, though more timorously in France, some land claimed from the sea is now being allowed to revert to saltmarsh. Can this managed realignment of the coast be part of integrated management of coastal areas ? We will try to answer this question in studying the projects in the Baie de Somme, introduced by the CIADT in july 2001. A new public policy relating to coastal areas consists in giving again an estuary to a river and reverting some "renclôtures" to saltmarsh. Considering the examples of such initiatives in Normandy, Brittany, Essex and Lincolnshire, we will see if the project belongs to GIZC in a prospect of sustainable development, and in what conditions.
Existe-t-il un paysage de l'innovation et de la haute technologie industrielles ? Réflexion à partir de l'exemple de l'agglomération nancéienne
Authors: Edelblutte Simon
Published: November 2022

Largement utilisé depuis très longtemps et de façon extrêmement diverse, le paysage est un des fondamentaux de la géographie. Si les paysages industriels classiques issus des premières révolutions industrielles sont bien connus et largement étudiés, tant dans leur genèse que dans leur évolution récente marquée par le déclin et la reconversion, les plus récents, et notamment ceux liés à la haute technologie se résument souvent à l’image classique du technopôle, dont les composantes essentielles sont bien connues. Mais l’innovation et la haute technologie industrielles ne produisent-elles pas d’autres paysages ? Sont-ils tous aussi visibles que la vitrine qu’est le technopôle ? N’existe-t-il pas des paysages hérités d’innovations anciennes aujourd’hui largement diffusées ? N’y a-t-il pas des liens entre ces paysages hérités et les innovations industrielles actuelles ? Pour tenter de répondre à ces questions, ce travail utilise l’exemple de l’agglomération de Nancy, présentant le double avantage d’avoir largement participé aux cycles industriels anciens et de posséder les services de haut niveau nécessaires au développement d’activités de haute technologie.
Innovation et gouvernance territoriale
Authors: Long Xavier
Published: November 2022

L''étude de l'innovation dans un contexte socio-spatial est ici conduite sur un plan général : il s'agit de comprendre les articulations entre les mécanismes spatiaux de l'innovation, les processus qui animent la vie économique régionale et les choix contemporains en matière d'action publique à cet échelon.
Les impacts spatiaux de l'innovation dans les produits : l'exemple des textiles à usages techniques dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Authors: Battiau Michel
Published: November 2022

New goods production ant its spatial effects : the example of the technical textile industry in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region. Technical textile industry manufactures high-tech new products whereas standard textile industry is mainly concerned by process innovations. In the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, technical textile industry is mainly localized in the Roubaix-Tourcoing area and its neighbourhoods and also in the area situated around Caudry. These firms have more and more links between them and with the regional research centres.
Les territoires de la Formule 1
Authors: Woessner Raymond
Published: November 2022

The Formula 1 geography is declined on three scales : very few cities or districts are likely to both conceive and build these cars ; Europe interarticulates the differents territories ; globalization spreads first towards Asia. Among the local systems, technological innovation is rooted within the history as well as the culture of England and Northern Italy, but metropolisation is leading to questioning. Worldwide, organizational innovation lies upon economical liberalism, clashing with international institutions.
Du risque oublié à la contrainte environnementale : le cas des basses plaines du Languedoc-Roussillon
Authors: Vinet Freddy
Published: November 2022

Les zones littorales du Languedoc-Roussillon sont particulièrement soumises au risque d'inondation. L’aléa inondation, qui fait partie du fonctionnement des basses plaines, se décline en fonction des scénarios de crue sous la forme de crues lentes à faible débit de pointe et de crues rapides à fort débit de pointe. En plus des scénarios "naturels" d’inondation, l’homme a modifié l’aléa en endiguant les lits mineurs. La rupture de digue est devenue un risque majeur. Après une étude des scénarios d’inondation, l’article envisage les processus historiques de fabrication du risque par augmentation des enjeux dans les basses plaines, processus empreints des évolutions socio-économiques nationales mais aussi des spécificités locales du marché foncier. L’augmentation de la population dans les zones inondables est relativement récente et correspond aux décennies 1970-1990. L’urbanisation s’est ralentie dans les années 1990-1999 jusqu’à être stoppée dans les communes soumises à un strict contrôle de l’occupation du sol. La mise en place des plans de prévention des risques a été accélérée suite aux inondations catastrophiques de 1999 et 2002. Dans quelque vingt communes des basses plaines, le territoire est entièrement en zone inondable. Cette mise sous contrainte réglementaire du risque par les plans de prévention oblige les communes à remettre en cause leur développement qui ne peut plus ni se poser en termes démographiques ni se satisfaire du seul enclos communal.
Choc culturel et relations interculturelles dans la pratique des travailleurs sociaux
Authors: Cohen-Emerique Margalit
Published: November 2022

Culture shock and intercultural relations in the training of "social workers" .

Culture shock, that is an emotional and intellectual reaction, occurs in people who find themselves by chance or because of their jobs outside their usual socio-cultural environment. For those who face this shock, it is an important means of becoming conscious of their cultural representations, standards and values and of their ideological presuppositions. So it has been used as a pedagogical approach to intercultural relation in the training of "social workers" who work with migrant families. Critical incidents have been recorded in four groups of students and analysed. The study of the intercultural meeting not in relation to the migrant worker but from the point of view of the person confronted by him in order to help, leads to propositions for social and educational action.
Éléments pour une anthropologie des génies et des fées
Authors: Fromaget Michel
Published: November 2022

Cette étude, dont nous publions deux chapitres, est issue d’une recherche comparée centrée sur les représentations collectives des génies, de leurs pouvoirs et de leurs manifestations. L'intention de l'auteur est de montrer, à partir d'un ensemble de données empruntées à la tradition grecque, hébraïque ou chrétienne, ainsi qu'aux cultures africaines, que le mystère des génies exige des sciences humaines la construction d'une épistémologie nouvelle.
La dot endettée ou la question du père. Problématique psychologique de la dot au Cameroun
Authors: Tsala Tsala Jacques-Philippe
Published: November 2022

La dot en Afrique a progressivement perdu sa fonction primordiale d'échange entre deux groupes. Les transformations sociales ont accéléré le passage du "couple familial" au "couple conjugal". De sorte que la dot, largement maintenue, remplit plusieurs fonctions nouvelles et pose de manière insistante la question du père, celle des rapports complexes entre le sujet et ses traditions. La survie du couple camerounais contemporain dépend encore largement de la problématique de la dot entendue comme dette envers la Tradition.
André Siegfried et la psychologie politique. Contribution à la relecture d'une oeuvre scientifique
Authors: Claret Philippe
Published: November 2022

L’oeuvre scientifique d'André Siegfried est l'objet en France, depuis les années 1980, d'un réel regain d'intérêt auprès de certains spécialistes de géographie et de science politique. Cette oeuvre, importante et variée, témoigne d’une direction d'étude originale -la psychologie politique - pour l'analyse politique moderne, mais celle-ci n'a été suivie que très partiellement. Dans le prolongement des travaux de psychologie collective du dernier quart du XIXème siècle, André Siegfried s'est attaché à démontrer l'existence de personnalités collectives nationales (et aussi locales), dont les effets peuvent être mesurés dans l'analyse des comportements politiques et celle des comportements électoraux. La méthode suivie par l'auteur se révèle aujourd'hui d'une étonnante modernité et aussi d'une grande richesse.
Les relations filles-parents dans l'immigration maghrébine en France
Authors: Guerraoui Zohra
Published: November 2022

Vivre dans une autre culture bouleverse les rapports familiaux. La position et les attributs de chacun sont remis en cause. Les relations mari-femme, parents-enfants sont réaménagées non seulement pour répondre aux changements que traverse la cellule familiale mais aussi à ceux vécus par les sujets. Ces mutations complexifient les relations intra-familiales et plus particulièrement les rapports parents-filles qui se révèlent ambigus.
L’évolution des sociétés portuaires et la démaritimisation des villes ports en Europe continentale du nord-ouest
Authors: Vigarié André
Published: November 2022

The evolution of port societies and the “demaritimisation” of port-towns in North-Western Continental Europe.

The notion of “maritimisation” is not recent. It covers all forms of penetration and of modelling of a society or of a group through the influence of the sea, the ships and the port activities : social or economic organization, ways of thinking, behaviour, the vision of the external world etc. Now since the middle of the 19 th century, the evolution of transocean traffic has modified the maritime aspects of port-towns. It was first the patrician phase dominated by the upper middle classes owning ships and trading with far away countries, with the repercussions which followed on the labour force in the docks and on board the ships, and consequently on the urban population. Then this structure was disrupted with the progressive loss of management power among these seaport upper middle classes and that happened with some difference depending on the French or Hanseatic ports. The rise of new forms of authority, the recent callapse in the numbers of dock workers and sailors, the strong penetration of continental influences into the management of maritime trade have led to the weakening of the former decision power of the old sea cities on their ports and provoked the “demaritimisation” of these port-towns ; the repercussions on transocean exchanges should now be assessed.
La mission locale face aux jeunes : les enjeux sociaux de l’insertion
Authors: Jellab Aziz
Published: November 2022

The “local mission” and the young : the social stakes of insertion.

The objective of this article is to show, from the case of a “Local Mission” in the Department of Pas-de-Calais, that the insertion of young people, even though it aims at training them to begin their working life, is not just a matter of professional insertion. It is social insertion that matters first and all the steps the young person takes through his/her contact with this institution, can be identified with training in collective constraints and with the assimilation of behavioural patterns complying with the prevailing cultural standards. “To be regular in one’s work”, “to become autonomous and responsible”, “to fulfil one’s commitments”... such are some of contents of the socialization of young people looking for jobs. This socialization is considered as a means to prepare the most destitute young people for future professional insertion ; and this form of training would favour access to citizenship and to the feeling of public utility.
Initiations et apprentissages à l’hôpital : comment devient-on une infirmière ?
Authors: Véga Anne
Published: November 2022

Initiation and training at the hospital. How to become a nurse ?

This article presents the foundations of the human relations established in the work of the French, hospital nurses, through initiation stages which inscribe the distinctive marks of the nurses’identity not only on their memory but also on their bodies. The first hospital, training periods in which they become hardened to pain, through the sometimes tough disovery of suffering, are followed by informal training sessions, often very long, with older nurses who are firmly rooted in the field, allowing the young nurses to become more in tune with the emotions raised by the environment or the direct, dirtying, dangerous hand-to-hand fight with illness, death, contagion and madness, in the anthropological sense of the terms.
Les cafés kabyles de Belleville : entre tradition et innovation
Authors: Steiner Anne
Published: November 2022

Kabyle «cafés» at belleville : between tradition and innovation

This article accounts for the transformation of Belleville «bars» since the operations of urban renovation which have deeply modified the aspect of the district and its social structure. Nearly all these shops are kept by Kabyle people but they cannot be considered as «ethnic businesses» : neither the patrons nor the products offered ; neither the signs nor the decoration are specific. Very different in that from the Kabyle «hotel-cafés» of the 50s and the 60s, these shops are the only public places where, at some moments, the old and new inhabitants of different social status and origin can mix with each other. Some of them have become cultural places of festivity, turning the «café» into the last local leisure centre when all the cinemas and concert-halls which made the reputation of the district have disappeared from Belleville. These changes most often happened on the initiative of the owner’s sons, the salaried employees of their fathers and holders of some cultural wealth.

These young people thus resisted professional deskilling and were able to attract and to keep a new population in the district, with more qualifications than the older one and combining praise for multicultural awareness and the glorification of Belleville’s tradition. This survey is the result of field work founded on observation and the selection of interviews which lasted for two years, from 1996 to 1998.
Les relations interethniques à la Réunion
Authors: Labache  Lucette
Published: November 2022

Interethnic relationships on réunion island

Réunion Island has a multicultural, interethnic population in which one can find several communities or groups coming together on a social, religious or ethnic basis. In alphabetical order, these groups are Cafres, Chinois, Gros-Blancs, Malbars, Petit-Blancs, Zarabes and Zoreils. Taking such a diverse population into account, the question one asks is whether intergroup relationships are harmonious or conflicting. This article looks further into those interethnic relationships on Réunion Island, often a taboo subject.
Des concepts pour la médiation interculturelle
Authors: Demailly André
Published: November 2022

Concepts for intercultural mediation.

Pioneers of new sciences (systems science, cognitive sciences, organizational and social psychology) have created concepts that can provide guidance for projects and actions in intercultural mediation. In H.A. Simon’s opinion, human organizations are artificial products of our procedural minds ; following the example of technical objects, their functioning depends on the presence and the quality of interfaces which link their different components. In J.-J. Gibson’s opinion, any environment presents affordances which are sources of knowledge on condition that you train yourself to apprehend them or to bring them out. According to W.R. Ashby, the elements of a system must internalize the constraints of their external environment in order to increase the autonomy of the whole ; also its piloting subsystem must be provided with a range of answers more diverse than those of its performance subsystem.
Les relations mères-filles en migration : le cas des Marocaines installées à Gennevilliers
Authors: El Hariri Saâdia
Published: November 2022

Réfléchir sur la thématique des «rapports mères/filles» en immigration c'est construire et développer une vision assez large qui englobe deux générations de femmes : celles ayant vécu l'émigration et celles qui ne l'ont pas connue. Ainsi, on ne peut passer sous silence que les liens tissés entre les mères marocaines et leurs filles sont en général des relations variées. Elles peuvent aller du conflit intergénérationnel à la complicité interculturelle qui peut se dresser contre l'autorité paternelle. Cette diversité relationnelle marque les différents gestes de leur vie quotidienne au sein de l'espace domestique et de l'espace public. En dépit de cela, cette complexité des relations mères/filles a connu une certaine évolution qui a permis aux deux générations de se rapprocher et de tendre vers leur place respective dans la société d’accueil.