bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response surface methodology of subcritical water-reactive extraction of gingerol to shogaol ginger dregs through ultraviolet light pretreatment
Authors: Yulianto Mohamad Endy , Jos Bakti , . Budiyono
Published: May 2024

The increase of shogaol production through reactive extraction of subcritical water depends on the stages of the pretreatment process in destroying the cellular cells of ginger pulp. Pretreatment using ultraviolet B (UVB) is predicted to be able to damage cellular cell walls and outer cell membranes (plasmalemma). In addition, to initiate the degradation of gingerols to shogaols, the reaction conversion and selectivity of shogaols are increased. This study aimed to examine the optimum process conditions for the subcritical water-reactive extraction of gingerol to shogaol from the ginger pulp by utilizing UVB pretreatment: reactive extraction temperature (110 – 130oC), ratio solvent/feed (22:1 – 32:1 b/b), and time (10 – 30 minutes). The extract of shogaol in solvent was separated from the raffinate with a separator funnel and analysed using HPLC-MS. Interpretation of experimental data to optimize the reactive extraction process used the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The study results show that at 120°C, solvent:inlet ratio 27:1 for 20 minutes through ultraviolet B-light pretreatment for 10 minutes, the yield of shogaol increased from 177 µg/L (without UV) to 18646 µg/L. Moreover, the RSM model was very good at predicting shogaol acquisition responses with a determination coefficient of R2 to be 0.8554. The optimum condition for reactive extraction through UV-B light pretreatment was reached at a temperature of 121.46°C and an inlet solvent ratio of 27.96 at 18.36 minutes, with a shogaol concentration of 18567.1 µg /L.
El papel de la ética en la toma de decisiones empresariales
Authors: Castro Suárez Gabriela Catalina
Published: May 2024

El papel de la ética en la toma de decisiones empresariales es fundamental para garantizar la sostenibilidad y el éxito a largo plazo de las organizaciones. La revisión de la literatura destacó la necesidad imperativa de integrar principios éticos en todas las etapas del proceso de toma de decisiones, desde la planificación estratégica hasta la implementación práctica. La adopción de prácticas éticas no solo se considera una cuestión moral, sino también una estrategia empresarial efectiva, ya que las empresas que priorizan la ética tienden a beneficiarse en términos de reputación, lealtad de clientes y retención de talento. Sin embargo, existen desafíos significativos asociados con la implementación efectiva de políticas éticas, incluida la presión competitiva y la falta de supervisión. Se destaca la importancia de la educación y la formación ética en la preparación de líderes empresariales responsables, así como la necesidad de invertir en programas de capacitación que fomenten una cultura organizacional arraigada en valores éticos. En última instancia, este estudio subraya la importancia de continuar investigando y desarrollando estrategias efectivas para promover una ética empresarial sólida y perdurable, que refleje los valores fundamentales de responsabilidad e integridad en el entorno empresarial contemporáneo.
El papel de la educación ambiental en la formación de ciudadanos conscientes
Authors: Espinoza Coronel Ana Lucia
Published: May 2024

La educación ambiental desempeña un papel esencial en la formación de ciudadanos conscientes y comprometidos con la sostenibilidad. Esta disciplina no solo transmite conocimientos sobre los problemas ambientales, sino que también promueve actitudes y habilidades para abordarlos efectivamente. Los programas de educación ambiental tienen un impacto positivo en la adquisición de conciencia ambiental y en la promoción de comportamientos responsables hacia el medio ambiente. A pesar de los desafíos como la falta de recursos y la resistencia al cambio, la evidencia sugiere que la educación ambiental tiene un potencial transformador en la sociedad. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar en profundidad la influencia de la educación ambiental en la formación de ciudadanos conscientes y comprometidos con la sostenibilidad. Para ello, se empleará una metodología cualitativa que se centrará en el análisis crítico de la literatura académica. Se realizará una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos especializadas y se considerarán tanto estudios cualitativos como cuantitativos. Este enfoque permitirá obtener una muestra representativa de la literatura existente sobre el tema, identificando patrones y tendencias, y destacando áreas de investigación futura. En resumen, fortalecer y expandir los esfuerzos en educación ambiental es crucial para abordar los desafíos ambientales actuales y construir un futuro más sostenible para las generaciones venideras.
La influencia de la tecnología en la formación docente y el desarrollo profesional
Authors: Cunuhay Cuchipe Wilmer Clemente
Published: May 2024

El presente estudio examina la influencia de la tecnología en la formación docente y el desarrollo profesional, centrándose en la implementación de herramientas digitales en entornos educativos. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa de estudio de casos, se exploran experiencias específicas de docentes con la tecnología en su práctica pedagógica. Se analizan patrones y factores contextuales que inciden en la integración tecnológica. Los resultados revelaron la importancia de adaptar las estrategias de formación docente para abordar las necesidades cambiantes en el uso de la tecnología en el aula, así como la influencia positiva de las herramientas digitales en el desarrollo profesional de los educadores.
Herramientas digitales para fomentar la alfabetización mediática en la era digital
Authors: Chancusig Ruiz Freddy
Published: May 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar el uso de herramientas digitales para promover la alfabetización mediática en la era digital. Se emplea una metodología cualitativa basada en el enfoque de estudio de casos, para explorar en profundidad cómo estas herramientas son utilizadas y percibidas en el contexto de la alfabetización mediática. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y el análisis de contenido, se identifican patrones y tendencias relacionados con el uso y la efectividad de diversas herramientas digitales en este ámbito. Los resultados revelan la importancia de adoptar enfoques innovadores y centrados en el aprendizaje activo para maximizar el impacto de las herramientas digitales en la alfabetización mediática, así como la necesidad de programas inclusivos y adaptados a las necesidades individuales de los usuarios.
La influencia de la inteligencia artificial en la personalización del aprendizaje: Perspectivas y desafíos en la educación
Authors: Mera Castillo Debora Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación explora la influencia de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la personalización del aprendizaje en el ámbito educativo, con el objetivo de identificar perspectivas y desafíos. Para ello, se empleó una metodología cualitativa que consistió en un análisis exhaustivo de la literatura académica y científica relacionada con el tema. Los resultados revelan que la IA ofrece herramientas digitales innovadoras que permiten adaptar el contenido educativo a las necesidades individuales de los estudiantes, promoviendo así un aprendizaje más efectivo y significativo. Sin embargo, se identificaron desafíos importantes, como la accesibilidad equitativa a la tecnología, la resistencia al cambio por parte de algunos educadores y las preocupaciones éticas y de privacidad relacionadas con la recopilación y el uso de datos. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de abordar estos desafíos de manera proactiva y colaborativa entre  investigadores, educadores y desarrolladores de tecnología para maximizar los beneficios de la IA en la personalización del aprendizaje.
Kalendarium Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego im. Adama Chętnika za 2023 rok
Authors: Kijowski Jerzy
Published: May 2024

Konferencje naukowe
Wydawnictwa
Udział w konferencjach, wykładach, spotkaniach, itp.
Stopnie naukowe
Rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy ośrodków miejskich na Mazowszu Północnym w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej na przykładzie Ostrołęki i Makowa Mazowieckiego (analiza porównawcza)
Authors: Budelewski Dariusz
Published: May 2024

Ostrołęka podczas I wojny światowej została dotkliwie zniszczona. Początkowo sytuacja gospodarcza Ostrołęki poprawiała się powoli, ale z czasem miasto stopniowo się rozwijało. Wyraźnie wzrosło budownictwo oraz ilość zakładów przemysłowych i rzemieślniczych. Zwiększyła się też liczba ludności. Dobrze rozwijało się szkolnictwo i życie kulturalne. Maków Mazowiecki początkowo borykał się z podobnymi problemami społeczno–gospodarczymi jak Ostrołęka. Miasto jednak pokonywało trudności i stopniowo postępował jego rozwój. Dobrze rozwijało się rzemiosło i handel oraz spółdzielczość. Poprawiała się także sytuacja w szkolnictwie i nastąpiło ożywienie życia kulturalnego. Niestety, w porównaniu z Ostrołęką liczba ludności miasta wzrastała dużo wolniej.
Działania partyzanckie na Kurpiach w okresie powstania listopadowego i styczniowego – analiza porównawcza
Authors: Augustyniak Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Porównanie partyzantki okresów powstania listopadowego i styczniowego pozwala nam wyciągnąć kilka następujących wniosków co do podobieństw i różnic charakteryzujących oba zagadnienia. W obu przypadkach walka partyzancka znalazła się w kręgu zainteresowań planistów przygotowujących koncepcje walki. Warunki naturalne Kurpiowszczyzny znakomicie odpowiadały potrzebom tego typu walki. Do podobieństw zaliczymy także postawę ludności kurpiowskiej, przychylnie nastawionej wobec działań partyzanckich wojen lat 1831 i 1863–1864. Różnice zauważamy przede wszystkim w możliwościach praktycznej realizacji przyjętych planów. Sytuacja partyzantki w dobie powstania styczniowego była bez porównania trudniejsza niż podczas powstania listopadowego.
A Grounded Theory on the Research Conceptualization Process of Mechanical Engineering Research Students
Authors: A Angelo , Inocian Edsel , Olvido Michelle Mae
Published: May 2024

Research conceptualization refers to the entire process of developing a research proposal. Although there is ample research on students' experiences and outcomes in undergraduate engineering research, little is known about the specific processes that students undertake when conceptualizing their research. This study aimed to explore the unique processes involved in research conceptualization among mechanical engineering students. Understanding these processes can facilitate the development of effective interventions to enhance undergraduate research experiences. The researchers analyzed data obtained from interviews with eight undergraduate mechanical engineering research students regarding their experiences with research conceptualization. A constructivist grounded theory approach was employed to identify and analyse statements from the interviews and develop a conceptual model of research conceptualization. Three major categories emerged in the analysis of the data: encountering barriers, expressing influencers, and employing strategies throughout the process. The barriers encountered by the students include personal challenges, technical challenges, and research management challenges. The following strategies are being employed: Establishing Criteria for Decision-Making, Developing Concept and Design, Identifying and Validating Problems, Literature Review, Utilizing Technology, Managing Tasks, Consulting People, and Modification of Existing Technology. Influencers can be classified as internal influencers and external influencers. The grounded theory of the conceptual model of research conceptualization offers a comprehensive understanding of the research process among engineering students. It emphasizes the dynamic and cyclical nature of research conceptualization, emphasizing the interplay between barriers, influencers, and strategies. Further research is required to explore the limitations and expand the applicability of this model.
Development of a Device for Brazing Copper Pipes in HVAC Installations
Authors: Olandria Sydney , Cabesas John Vincent , Geganto Dominic , Olivar Brent Kenneth , Osa Gerald , Acenas Angelo
Published: May 2024

The brazing process plays a crucial role in HVAC installations, particularly in joining copper pipes. However, current brazing methods are often unsafe, time-consuming, laborious, and prone to inconsistencies. Interviews with construction workers involved in the process have highlighted the hazards associated with brazing in construction areas where conventional groundworks lack suitable devices. To address these challenges, this study developed a new device specifically designed for brazing copper pipes in HVAC installations. During the design phase, simulation techniques were employed to carefully consider factors such as thermal stress, heat distribution, and deformations caused by applied heat. This approach ensured that the final design would optimize performance and minimize risks. Subsequently, an actual prototype of the device was developed and has demonstrated significant potential in improving soldering in terms of safety and efficiency. The effectiveness of the device was evaluated through comprehensive testing, revealing noteworthy enhancements in production and accuracy rates. To fully realize its potential, it is strongly recommended to provide operators with thorough safety training. Clear guidelines on handling and positioning the device and the MAPP gas should also be provided to ensure safe and proper usage.
Factors Affecting Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs) Use by Shops in Tanzania: A Case study of Dar es Salaam Region
Authors:   MZUMBE UNIVERSITY, Ngowi Honest , Mmbaga Christopher ,   INSTITUTE OF FINANCE MANAGEMENT
Published: May 2024

This study aims at identifying factors affecting the use of electronic fiscal devices (EFDs) in shops in Dar es Salaam city. Data was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. A total of 100 traders were sampled using both purposeful and convenient sampling strategies with data being collected through a questionnaire. As an estimating technique, simple Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was applied. The study found several factors which influenced the use of EFD including the high cost of purchasing EFD machines, inadequacy of education on how to use them, constant breakdown of the EFDs system and inadequacy of taxpayer trust in using EFDs among others. The study concludes that the use of EFDs alone cannot enhance tax compliance. It is suggested that the government should invest more resources and increase taxpayer education and awareness programs to promote the use of EFD.
EXAMINING THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE OF AKSARAY CITY IN THE HISTORICAL PROCESS ACCORDING TO UPPER-SCALE INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Authors: Kuyrukçu Zafer , Akbaş Mücahit
Published: May 2024

As a result of both local and universal values that societies have created over the centuries, cities have been open to development and change. It is seen that the physical, social, cultural, economic and political factors that play a role in the change of cities affect the city in different ways in different periods. The study aimed to analyze the changes in the urban morphology of Aksaray according to upper-scale investment decisions. The research determined three investments that caused recent morphological development and change for Aksaray as breaking points. These are the opening of the Mercedes Factory in 1986, the establishment of Aksaray University in 2006, and the relocation of Aksaray Hospital in 2018. According to these three investment decisions, the morphological change of the city was investigated on an urban scale and periodically from an observer's perspective. Development plans and aerial photographs were used to reveal the periodic differences between these three investments that affect the morphological structure of the city. The morphological change in the city form in three different periods, 1986-2006, 2006-2018 and 2018-2024, was examined through the city perimeter and building blocks. The examination determined that with the increasing population in Aksaray, industry, health, education and management functions moved out of the city. From the opening of the Mercedes Truck Factory in 1986 to 2006, urban growth generally took place in the north-south direction. Although the city's orientation was towards the southwest after establishing Aksaray University in 2006, there was no intense interaction between the university and the city until 2018. Since 2018, with the New Hospital’s opening and the New Municipality’s construction, the city's influence area has completely shifted to the west. The city’s development is anticipated to continue in 2024 and beyond, depending on the newly constructed municipality service building.
POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE NEW MEDIA AGE: CANDIDATES' USE OF TWITTER (X) IN THE 2023 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS
Authors: Suiçmez Mehmet
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the political communication strategies of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu on the Twitter platform (X) during the first round of Presidential elections held on May 14, 2023, between April 30, 2023, and May 14, 2023. The research employed the content analysis technique, a qualitative research method, for data collection and analysis. The data subjected to content analysis were obtained by retrospectively scanning the Twitter (X) accounts of the candidates. All statistics included in this analysis were compiled from publicly available data shared by X. Only messages shared by the candidates' accounts were considered, and messages sent to the page by users were excluded from the evaluation. To examine the posts shared by the candidates on the Twitter (X) platform during the specified period in terms of message content and statistical distribution, a coding table was prepared in the Microsoft Excel environment. The posts in the coding table were evaluated utilizing the content analysis method. During content analysis, the data in the coding table were transferred to the SPSS-24 data analysis program. Frequency tables and graphs were created to provide descriptive statistics, including numbers and percentages for each variable derived from the categories. The results revealed that Erdoğan preferred reaching large masses and emphasizing leadership, while Kılıçdaroğlu focused on party members. Erdoğan's communication style was more formal and populist, while Kılıçdaroğlu adopted a more focused and critical approach. Erdoğan's posts emphasized rallies and current debates, while Kılıçdaroğlu encouraged solidarity within the party and criticized rival candidates. Although Erdoğan had a higher number of followers and interaction level, Kılıçdaroğlu's interaction number surpassed Erdoğan's. Both leaders' strategies reflected their political identities and priorities, with Erdoğan aiming for a wider audience and emphasizing leadership, while Kılıçdaroğlu prioritized unity within the party and a critical approach. The research concluded that communication strategies on Twitter play a crucial role in shaping voter perceptions.
Principal Component Analysis of Cognitive Executive Functions: A Predictive Model of Academic Performance of Students in Mathematics in Secondary Schools
Authors: Akpan Ekemini T. , Umoh Joseph B. , James Godwin D.
Published: May 2024

There is a growing interest from instructional scientists in using parameters of brain executive functions to unfold cognitive disorders, Mathematical Learning Difficulties (MLD), and assessment of learners’ academic performance. Thus, it is imperative to investigates, extracts and classify the major principal components of learners’ cognitive executive functions that predict academic performance of students in Mathematics and science related courses in secondary schools. An ex post facto quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study.  Students’ cognitive profile was measured using a validated and reliable cognitive assessment Battery (CAB) application. There were significant positive correlations between cognitive executive functions and academic performance of students in Mathematics. The major components of the executive functions that accounted for substantial effects on academic performance of students in Mathematics include working memory, conceptual memory, short-term memory, inhibition, updating, focus attention, divided attention, auditory perception, and visual perception. Also, processing speed, shifting, planning, hand-eye coordination and response time accounted for moderate effects on academic performance of students in Mathematics. Consequently, instructors should reinforce learners’ cognitive processes using cognitive retraining programmes, personalized learning, differentiated instructional strategies for exceptional students, and offer therapeutic interventions on the identified cognitive parameters that could reduce extraneous cognitive loads. These could facilitate mental internalization of external perception during instructional delivery and learning.
Otolith Shape Indices of Japanese Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus, Bloch 1791) from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia
Authors: Annisa Sri Nur , Kantun Wayan , Kabangnga Arnold
Published: May 2024

Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) is a demersal fish that plays a very important role in maintaining ecosystem stability related to webs and food chains. This fish often becomes prey for predatory fish. In efforts to reveal the relationship between predators and prey in food webs and food chains, there is still limited information due to the difficulty of identifying digested food. In connection with this, this study aims to identify the morphology shape index value otolith of Japanese threadfin bream. Sampling was carried out at the Labuang Maros Fish Landing Site with 150 samples and morphometric data were collected from 150 pairs of otoliths in April and May 2023. The calculation of the shape index uses six descriptors, which include form factor (FF), roundness (RO), circularity or compactness (C), rectangularity (Rt), ellipticity (E), and aspect ratio (AR). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the otolith morphometry of the right and left otoliths (P>0.05). Based on the shape index value obtained, it explains that the morphometric shape of the otolith of Japanese threadfin bream tends to be oval, elongated, and has an irregular surface.
Review of the Literature on Pain in Horses During Colic: Understanding Visceral Abdominal Pain for the Right Therapeutic Choice
Authors: S. Sourokou Sabi , Y. Kane , M. C. Kadja , A. Chabchoub , E. Kabura , S.A. Cisse , Y.Y. Kaboret
Published: May 2024

Pain is one of the most dreaded signs of colic in horses. The aim of this work is to facilitate understanding of the pathophysiology of this pain in order to improve therapeutic choices in equine clinics. The knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and innervation of the digestive tract will enable you to deal more effectively with algology during colic: understanding the pathophysiology, management of visceral pain during equine colic and well-being of horses. In this way, the management of a horse suffering from colic will be easier and more appropriate, by anticipating the deterioration in the animal's general condition and avoiding the side effects of the molecules to be used.
Preparation and Characterization of Ferrihydrite: Application in Arsenic Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Tiendrebéogo Rasmane , Sanou Yacouba , Paré Samuel , Senou Aboubacar
Published: May 2024

Arsenic pollution is a public health hazard in Burkina Faso due to its impact on human health and water resources. To mitigate this pollution, ferrihydrite material has been synthesized and characterized to be used as adsorbent for arsenic removal in aqueous solutions. This study aimed to contribute to improve of access to clean drinking water by removing arsenic from water using ferrihydrite. Arsenic species such as As(III) and As(V) were removed through batch adsorption. Experiments were carried out in batch mode using arsenic aqueous solutions. The characterization of ferrihydrite using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared (IR), and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) showed that an amorphous and microporous 2-line ferrihydrite. The total specific surface area and pH at point of zero charge (pHpzc) were 184.518 m²/g and 9.41, respectively. The optimal adsorbent doses were 4 g/L for As (V) and 8 g/L for As (III). The optimum pH range for the adsorption of As (V) and As (III) was between 2 and 10, The maximum adsorption capacity was 15.07 mg/g for As(V) and 13.01 mg/g for As(III) with increasing concentration between 2 and 16 mg/L. Equilibrium time for As (V) and  As (III) on ferrihydrite was found to be 720 min and 960 min, respectively. The adsorption of As(V) and As(III) was consistent with the Langmuir monolayer model on ferrihydrite. Arsenic adsorption was occurred according to spontaneous chemical reaction. Arsenic removal was occurred on a monolayer following the pseudo-second order kinetic.
Sero-prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Students Undergoing Medical Examination in a Tertiary Institution
Authors: Huldah Hanson Asikiya , Renner Briggs Bieye
Published: May 2024

Aims: To assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among students undergoing medical checkup in a tertiary institution.
Study Design:  The investigation utilised a cross-sectional study design technique.
Methodology: In this present study, 2114 participants were included in the age range 15-49 years. Serological method was used to detect the presence of HIV using a rapid diagnostic technique using determine. Tile method was used to determine the ABO and Rhesus D antigens in the individuals.
Results: Out of the 2114 participants sampled, the population studied according to various departments within the university were ME 95 (5%), EM 181 (9%), LIB 101 (5%), SPE 63 (3%), ENG 296 (14%), BIO 423 (20%), CHE 150 (7%), COM 305 (14%), MGT 236 (11%) and ACC 236 (12%). The prevalence of HIV among tertiary institution students is 1%.
Conclusion: This research gives an insight into the prevalence of HIV among students in tertiary institution for strategic intervention.
Effect of Time Interval, IBA and Rooting Media on Air Layering in Guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49
Authors: Meena Pooja Kakarwal , Joseph Annjoe V. , Bahadur Vijay , Shubham .
Published: May 2024

The experiment was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during the year 2023–2024. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications, and the study consists of Twelve treatment combinations by using two different concentrations of IBA viz., 4000 and 5000 ppm and four time of layering viz., 15th July, 30th July, 15th August, 30th August. The result indicated that treatment T9, i.e. Air layering done on 15th July using IBA 5000 ppm  was found to be the most effective for better rooting and growth parameters, and gave the best results with respect to number of days of root formation (32days), number of roots per layering (12.75), root length (7.82cm), root thickness (9.61mm), 83.33% success in rooting, number of new leaves (25.23), number of new sprouts (11.83), length of new shoot (6.67 cm) and survival percentage after transplant into polybags (94.44%), that was significantly higher as compared to other treatment combination. On the basis of result obtained in the present investigation, it can be concluded that air-layering performed during 15th July, treated with 5000 ppm IBA concentration with cocopeat and sphagnum moss have been found better compared to all other treatment under subtropical condition of prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh.
Effect of Quality Attributes of Potato by Using Biochar and NPK Fertilizers with Biozyme Granules
Authors: Reddy Iska Srinath , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Lal Alok Milton , Bharose Ram , Toppo Neha
Published: May 2024

The present study, which took place at the central Research Farm of Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, spanned across the years 2022-2023 and 2023-2024. Throughout this study, an experiment was meticulously conducted utilizing a variety of Kufri badhash under the Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) design. This experiment included three replications, each encompassing three levels (2.5, 5, 7.5 t ha-1) of Biochar and three levels (50%, 75%, 100%) of Inorganic fertilizers. Additionally, two levels (25 and 50 kg ha-1) of Biozyme granules were also part of this comprehensive research design. The results obtained regarding various quality parameters in the years 2022-23 and 2023-24, such as moisture content (80 and 81 100g-1), tuber dry matter content (20.98% and 21.96 %), starch content (13.54% and 14.12%), reducing sugar (0.28% and 0.30%), non-reducing sugar (0.35% and 0.37%), and total sugar (0.58% and 0.59%) were notably elevated with the application of T16. Notably, the maximum protein content (2.07 and 2.31%), carbohydrate (14.58% and 14.85%), and total soluble solid (6.44% and 6.77%) were observed with the application of T18 in accordance with the recommended practices. Conversely, the minimum values were recorded for T1, showcasing the significant impact of the application techniques on the various parameters studied.
Effect of Sitting Positions on Lower Back Pain among Office Workers: A Case Study at the Directorate General of New, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (EBTKE) in 2022
Authors: Prihantini Nur Nunu , Susanti Nabila Berkati , Hutagalung Patar , Hendrika Wendy
Published: May 2024

A condition known as lower back pain occurs when the back hurts so much that it makes routine tasks difficult. Employees who use computers for work and spend much time sitting during the day can pose ergonomic risks. This research aims to determine whether the incidence of low back pain in employees of the Office of the Directorate General of New, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (EBTKE) in 2022 is related to sitting posture while working. An analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach is the research method used. The research tool used is a questionnaire that collects primary data. After the data was calculated using the Slovin method, 53 respondents were selected randomly and used as samples. The results showed that there was no relationship between the division of departments (p=0.68) and the incidence of low back pain, but there was a relationship between sitting posture (p=0.605) and this condition, there was no relationship between slouched posture (p0.001) and conditions, and there was no relationship between the amount of time spent sitting at work (p=0.105).
Distal extremity pain as a presenting feature of Fabry's disease
Authors: Pagnini Ilaria , Borsini Walter , Cecchi Franco , Sgalambro Aurelio , Olivotto Iacopo , Frullini Anna , Cimaz Rolando
Published: October 2010

Objective

Fabry's disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disease. Distal extremity pain can be an early finding and renal, cardiac, and cerebrovascular complications may lead to complications and mortality. Treatment is now available for these patients, who may not be diagnosed correctly for years if the neuropathic nature of the pain is not recognized. The aim of our study was to describe early clinical features in a cohort of patients with FD and to emphasize the importance of distal extremity pain for early diagnosis.

Methods

The medical charts of 35 patients with FD followed in a single center were reviewed. When data were incomplete, a detailed pain questionnaire was sent to patients. Nonresponders were contacted by telephone.

Results

Distal extremity pain was present in the majority of cases (25 of 35). The mean age at diagnosis of FD was 43.5 years (range 5–77 years). Distal extremity pain was more prevalent in males than females and occurred mostly in childhood or adolescence. When present at onset, the disease progressed with subsequent organ system involvement. Misdiagnoses were frequent and included growing pains, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, connective tissue disease, and gout.

Conclusion

Clinical manifestations of FD, including episodes of severe pain in the feet and hands, often start in childhood. Distal extremity pain may be the only symptom for a considerable period of time. Patients may be wrongly labeled as having rheumatologic conditions, resulting in long diagnostic and therapeutic delays. Rheumatologists should be aware of the clinical aspects of FD and include it in the differential diagnosis of distal extremity pain in childhood and adolescence.
Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in different host's conditions: Pathobiology parameters, therapeutic options, and outcome
Authors: Carbone Antonino , Spina Michele , Gloghini Annunziata , Tirelli Umberto
Published: October 2010

Epidemiologic and molecular findings suggest that classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (CHL) is not a single disease but consists of more than one entity and may occur in different clinical settings. This review analyzes similarities and disparities among CHL entities arising in different host's conditions with respect to pathobiology parameters, therapeutic options, and outcome. For the purpose of this analysis, CHL entities have been subdivided according to the immune status of the host. In nonimmunosuppressed hosts, according to the age, CHL include pediatric, adult, and elderly forms, whereas, in immunosuppressed hosts, according to the type of immunosuppression, CHL include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐associated, iatrogenic, and post‐transplant types. CHL entities in different settings are similar in morphology of neoplastic cells, expression of activation markers, and aberrations/activation of NFKB, JAK/STAT, and P13K/AKT pathways, but differ in the association with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection, persistent B‐cell phenotype, and cellular background composition. Large B‐cell lymphomas resembling CHL may also be observed in the same clinical settings. These lesions, however, do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria of CHL and clinically display a very aggressive behavior. In this article, current treatment options for the CHL entities, especially for elderly CHL and HIV‐associated CHL, are specifically reviewed. ABVD remains the gold standard both in nonimmunosuppressed or immunosuppressed hosts even if there are several data suggesting a possible improvement in outcome using the aggressive BEACOPP regimen in advanced stages. Refractory CHL, a clinical condition that may occur throughout the entire spectrum of CHL, is discussed separately. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autophagy induction by Bcr‐Abl‐expressing cells facilitates their recovery from a targeted or nontargeted treatment
Authors: Crowley Lisa C. , Elzinga Baukje M. , O'Sullivan Gerald C. , McKenna Sharon L.
Published: October 2010

Although Imatinib has transformed the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), it is not curative due to the persistence of resistant cells that can regenerate the disease. We have examined how Bcr‐Abl‐expressing cells respond to two mechanistically different therapeutic agents, etoposide and Imatinib. We also examined Bcr‐Abl expression at low and high levels as elevated expression has been associated with treatment failure. Cells expressing low levels of Bcr‐Abl undergo apoptosis in response to the DNA‐targeting agent (etoposide), whereas high‐Bcr‐Abl‐expressing cells primarily induce autophagy. Autophagic populations engage a delayed nonapoptotic death; however, sufficient cells evade this and repopulate following the withdrawal of the drug. Non‐Bcr‐Abl‐expressing 32D or Ba/F3 cells induce both apoptosis and autophagy in response to etoposide and can recover. Imatinib treatment induces both apoptosis and autophagy in all Bcr‐Abl‐expressing cells and populations rapidly recover. Inhibition of autophagy with ATG7 and Beclin1 siRNA significantly reduced the recovery of Imatinib‐treated K562 cells, indicating the importance of autophagy for the recovery of treated cells. Combination regimes incorporating agents that disrupt Imatinib‐induced autophagy would remain primarily targeted and may improve response to the treatment in CML. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The behavioral phenotype of the Angelman syndrome
Authors: Williams Charles A.
Published: October 2010

The Angelman syndrome is clinically delineated by the combination of seizures, absent speech, hypermotoric and ataxic movements and certain remarkable behaviors. Those with the syndrome have a predisposition toward apparent happiness and paroxysms of laughter, and this finding helps distinguish Angelman syndrome from other ones involving severe developmental handicap. In this review the core neurological features of the syndrome are discussed with a focus on those behaviors that make Angelman syndrome a prototypical genetic disorder expressing a behavioral phenotype. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurobehavioral phenotype in Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Whittington Joyce , Holland Anthony
Published: October 2010

The focus of this article is on the lifetime development of people with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) and specifically on the neurobehavioral phenotype. We consider studies of this aspect of the phenotype (the “behavioral phenotype” of the syndrome) that have confirmed that there are specific behaviors and psychiatric disorders, the propensities to which are increased in those with PWS, and cannot be accounted for by other variables such as IQ or adaptive behavior. Beginning with a description of what is observed in people with PWS, we review the evolving PWS phenotype and consider how some aspects of the phenotype might be best explained, and how this complex phenotype may relate to the equally complex genotype. We then consider in more detail some of the neurobehavioral aspects of the phenotype listed above that raise the greatest management problems for parents and carers. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Behavioral features in young adults with FG syndrome (Opitz–Kaveggia syndrome)
Authors: Graham John M. , Clark Robin D. , Moeschler John B. , Rogers R. Curtis
Published: October 2010

Opitz and Kaveggia [Opitz and Kaveggia (1974); Z Kinderheilkd 117:1–18] reported on a family of five affected males with distinctive facial appearance, mental retardation, macrocephaly, imperforate anus, and hypotonia. Risheg et al. [Risheg et al. (2007); Nature Genetics 39:451–453] identified an identical mutation (p.R961W) in MED12 in six families with Opitz–Kaveggia syndrome, including a surviving affected man from the original family reported in 1974. The previously described behavior phenotype of hyperactivity, affability, and excessive talkativeness is very frequent in young boys with FG syndrome, along with socially oriented, attention‐seeking behaviors. We present case studies of five adult males who were previously published with the clinical diagnosis of FG syndrome and then subsequently proven by Risheg et al. [Risheg et al. (2007); Nature Genetics 39:451–453] to have the recurrent p.R961W mutation. These individuals had episodic and longstanding behavior patterns, sometimes aggressive or self‐abusing, that occurred more frequently in puberty and early adulthood. We try to describe the triggers for these behaviors, indicate how these behaviors change with advancing age, and suggest specific recommendations and interventional strategies based on the clinical histories of affected adolescent males with FG syndrome [Graham et al., 2008; Clark et al., 2009]. Young men who exhibit these behaviors may benefit from a careful examination to detect medical problems, use of mood stabilizers if needed, and/or behavioral intervention. The transition to a community living situation can be challenging without careful planning and timely behavioral intervention. They remain impulsive and can have aggressive outbursts when making the transition to adult life, but these challenges can be managed, as demonstrated by these clinical histories. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Disease exacerbation by etanercept in a mouse model of alphaviral arthritis and myositis
Authors: Zaid Ali , Rulli Nestor E. , Rolph Michael S. , Suhrbier Andreas , Mahalingam Suresh
Published: October 2010

Objective

Mosquito‐borne alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus, o'nyong‐nyong virus, and Ross River virus (RRV) cause sporadic, sometimes large, outbreaks of rheumatic disease worldwide. This study was designed to test the effect of treating RRV‐induced arthritis using the anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) drug etanercept in a mouse model of rheumatic disease.

Methods

Mice were infected with RRV and treated with etanercept. Weight gain was measured, tissue viral titers were determined, and histologic changes in muscle and joint tissues were assessed.

Results

RRV‐infected mice treated with etanercept showed decreased weight gain, higher viral titers in muscle, joints, and blood, and more tissue damage and inflammatory cell recruitment than RRV‐infected mice without treatment.

Conclusion

Anti‐TNF therapy is unlikely to be useful in treating alphaviral arthritides. During alphaviral epidemics, careful monitoring of patients being treated with anti‐TNF agents may be warranted.
Treatment response, drug survival, and predictors thereof in 764 patients with psoriatic arthritis treated with anti–tumor necrosis factor α therapy: Results from the nationwide Danish DANBIO registry
Authors: Glintborg Bente , Østergaard Mikkel , Dreyer Lene , Krogh Niels Steen , Tarp Ulrik , Hansen Michael Sejer , Rifbjerg‐Madsen Signe , Lorenzen Tove , Hetland Merete Lund
Published: October 2010

Objective

To investigate disease activity, treatment response, and drug survival, and predictors thereof, among Danish patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) receiving their first treatment series with a tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibitor.

Methods

Patients with PsA were identified from a prospective nationwide rheumatologic database, the Danish biologics registry DANBIO, using data registered from 2000–2009. Information was obtained on the patients' clinical response to anti‐TNFα treatment (defined as achievement of the American College of Rheumatology 20% [ACR20], ACR50, and ACR70 improvement criteria or a European League Against Rheumatism [EULAR] good response at least once during the first 6 months of treatment) and duration and rate of drug adherence (referred to as drug survival), as well as predictors thereof.

Results

Of 764 patients with PsA, 320 received adalimumab, 260 infliximab, and 184 etanercept. Median drug survival was 2.9 years, and 1‐year and 2‐year drug survival rates were 70% and 57%, respectively. Clinical parameters that showed improvement over 6 months were the C‐reactive protein (CRP) level, Health Assessment Questionnaire score, and 28‐joint Disease Activity Score. Male sex, CRP level >10 mg/liter, concomitant methotrexate use, and low patient health visual analog scale score at baseline were associated with longer drug survival. Improvement was achieved by 59%, 45%, 24%, and 54% of patients according to the ACR20, ACR50, ACR70 response criteria and EULAR good response, respectively. A CRP level >10 mg/liter was predictive of the improvement responses (odds ratio [OR] 2.6 for ACR20, OR 3.0 for ACR50, OR 3.6 for ACR70, and OR 2.2 for EULAR good response).

Conclusion

In these patients with PsA treated with their first TNFα inhibitor in clinical practice, high drug adherence and responder rates were observed. Moreover, increased levels of CRP at baseline were associated with both good treatment responses and continued treatment, which may be of clinical value in selecting the patients most likely to benefit from treatment with TNFα inhibitors.
Galectin 3 aggravates joint inflammation and destruction in antigen‐induced arthritis
Authors: Forsman Huamei , Islander Ulrika , Andréasson Emil , Andersson Annica , Önnheim Karin , Karlström Alexandra , Sävman Karin , Magnusson Mattias , Brown Kelly L. , Karlsson Anna
Published: October 2010

Objective

Galectin 3, an endogenous β‐galactoside–binding lectin, plays an important role in the modulation of immune responses. The finding that galectin 3 is present in the inflamed synovium in patients with rheumatoid arthritis suggests that the protein is associated with the pathogenesis of this disease. We undertook this study to investigate the influence of galectin 3 deficiency in a murine model of arthritis.

Methods

Wild‐type (WT) and galectin 3–deficient (galectin 3−/−) mice were subjected to antigen‐induced arthritis (AIA) through immunization with methylated bovine serum albumin. The concentration of serum cytokines (interleukin‐6 [IL‐6] and tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα]) and antigen‐specific antibodies was evaluated using a cytometric bead array platform and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cellular IL‐17 responses were examined by flow cytometry, ELISA, and enzyme‐linked immunospot assay.

Results

The joint inflammation and bone erosion of AIA were markedly suppressed in galectin 3−/− mice as compared with WT mice. The reduced arthritis in galectin 3−/− mice was accompanied by decreased levels of antigen‐specific IgG and proinflammatory cytokines. The frequency of IL‐17–producing cells in the spleen was reduced in galectin 3−/− mice as compared with WT mice. Exogenously added recombinant galectin 3 could partially restore the reduced arthritis and cytokines in galectin 3−/− mice.

Conclusion

Our findings show that galectin 3 plays a pathogenic role in the development and progression of AIA and that the disease severity is accompanied by alterations of antigen‐specific IgG levels, systemic levels of TNFα and IL‐6, and frequency of IL‐17–producing T cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of in vivo evidence that galectin 3 plays a crucial role in the development of arthritis.
Influence of growth temperature on the production of antibody Fab fragments in different microbes: A host comparative analysis
Authors: Dragosits Martin , Frascotti Gianni , Bernard‐Granger Lise , Vázquez Felícitas , Giuliani Maria , Baumann Kristin , Rodríguez‐Carmona Escarlata , Tokkanen Jaana , Parrilli Ermenegilda , Wiebe Marilyn G. , Kunert Renate , Maurer Michael , Gasser Brigitte , Sauer Michael , Branduardi Paola , Pakula Tiina , Saloheimo Markku , Penttilä Merja , Ferrer Pau , Luisa Tutino Maria , Villaverde Antonio , Porro Danilo , Mattanovich Diethard
Published: October 2010

Microorganisms encounter diverse stress conditions in their native habitats but also during fermentation processes, which have an impact on industrial process performance. These environmental stresses and the physiological reactions they trigger, including changes in the protein folding/secretion machinery, are highly interrelated. Thus, the investigation of environmental factors, which influence protein expression and secretion is still of great importance. Among all the possible stresses, temperature appears particularly important for bioreactor cultivation of recombinant hosts, as reductions of growth temperature have been reported to increase recombinant protein production in various host organisms. Therefore, the impact of temperature on the secretion of proteins with therapeutic interest, exemplified by a model antibody Fab fragment, was analyzed in five different microbial protein production hosts growing under steady‐state conditions in carbon‐limited chemostat cultivations. Secretory expression of the heterodimeric antibody Fab fragment was successful in all five microbial host systems, namely Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, Trichoderma reesei, Escherichia coli and Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis. In this comparative analysis we show that a reduction of cultivation temperature during growth at constant growth rate had a positive effect on Fab 3H6 production in three of four analyzed microorganisms, indicating common physiological responses, which favor recombinant protein production in prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic microbes. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011