bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Uneven Development of Siberian Regions: Impact on Migration Loss
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University (Omsk, Russia Federation), Roy Oleg M.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the impact of the uneven socioeconomic development of the regions of the Siberian Federal District on the migration loss. Using the GRP (gross domestic product) indicator, the author demonstrates significant differences in the level of the socioeconomic development of Siberian regions. The trend towards a decrease in natural increase in Siberia that has emerged in recent years is exacerbated by an increase in migration loss, which has covered a number of regions of the Siberian Federal District. The article contains an overview of modern trends in the field of migration movements, identifies the features of these movements in Siberian regions. On the example of Omsk Oblast, which has demonstrated the most profound migration loss in recent years, the leading factors of influence on migration processes are identified: the fiscal capacity of the region; low wages in the region, the share of the population whose cash income is below the minimum subsistence level; environmental woes; the opportunity of continuing education, obtaining future-oriented professions; conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses; the stability of the regional economy; and climatic conditions. Using the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, the author assesses the manifestation of each factor in the indicators of migration loss in Siberian regions. The study did not show a direct relationship between the fiscal capacity of the region, the level of wages, and the indicators of migration growth. At the same time, the connection between migration loss and the state support of regions in the educational sphere or the developing assistance to small and medium-sized businesses is more clearly visible. The special role of youth migration is emphasized. The analysis of the identified trends shows that the growing differences between regions will contribute to depopulation trends in some regions and to the loss of complexity in the reproduction of macroregional socioeconomic ties. The author emphasizes that the fiscal capacity of the region should remain the main criterion for federal support, and the state system of budgetary incentives should be implemented in accordance with the needs of the regions and the characteristics of the territorial labor market. In the final part, the measures to improve the spatial strategy of Russia at the present stage are proposed. The idea of macroregional development presented in the strategy should be supplemented by the prescribed mechanisms of interaction between business communities registered in different subjects of the federation, within the framework of promising cluster formations.
CHINESE NATIONAL PICTURE NIANHUA – A PHENOMENON OF CULTURE OF THE XX CENTURE
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics (Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation), Gultyaeva Galina S.
Published: September 2021

Chinese folk painting nianhua (literal translation, “New Year’s picture”) is a kind of Chinese graphic art, which received a wide popularity in the late XIX – early XX centuries. On the eve of the New Year in China everywhere decorated interiors of living rooms with colorful pictures containing New Year’s greetings, they were pasted on windows, doors, gates. Decorative pictures had a utilitarian and cultic purpose: images of mythological characters and gods symbolized happiness, longevity, prosperity, protected from disasters and misfortunes. At the beginning of the 20th century, nianhua was produced in the woodcutting shops in a woodcut way, since the middle of the 20th century have been used modern technologies, including printing. New Year’s paintings significantly different from national academic painting. The philosophical concept of New Year’s painting was to reflect the spiritual life of the people, moral values, and artistic tastes. The images were built on the basis of folklore motifs, a rhythmic combination of bright colors created a decorative effect, so nianhua is a valuable material that demonstrates the aesthetic representations of the Chinese people, their folk traditions and symbols. The themes of the New Year’s paintings are extremely diverse and includes the following: scenes from classical literature, religious and symbolic and benevolent drawings, genre art painting, calendars depicting 12 cyclic signs of animals, agricultural calendars and advertising pictures. During the history of its existence, the New Year’s picture plays an important political and ideological role. Traditional paintings propagated the foundations of the orthodox Confucian ideology about social and ethical relationships, including hierarchy in the family and society: “Wu lun – the five principles of relationships”, “Xiao – filial piety”, “Ren – patience”. In the second half of the XX century, the New Year's picture is developing as an agitational poster. Under the influence of European painting and modern political processes in Chinese society, artists began to use a new artistic method - revolutionary realism on purpose to illuminate sociopolitical events, propagandize government tasks and resolutions. The basic principles of painting the New Year’s picture are the decorative character (the brightness of colors, the rhythmic combination of color spots), the hyperbolism and idealization of images, the folklore basis of plots and the conventional symbolic-metaphoric language.
CLASS X: VALUES AND TRENDS OF FORMATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CREATIVE ECONOMY
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Ryabchenko Daniil O.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the process of formation of Class X, a new class called creative. It is shown that the need to form a creative class and a creative economy is due to the creative limits of the organizational era. Creativity is becoming a driving force. Knowledge has been declared a tool and working material of creativity; innovation has been turned into a product of creativity, acquiring various forms, such as a new technology, a new model of social relations, new forms of scientific and artistic practice. Referring to the Theory of Class X, set forth by P. Russell, the author explores the features that determine belonging to the Class X, highlighting among the indicators of these features the talent index, the creativity index, and the new creative ethos. As shown in the study, the economic function of the creative class determines the social and cultural decisions of creative professionals and their way of life. It is shown that the creative class consists of those who produce economic values in the processes of creative activity. The composition of the creative class is diverse, but the principle of unification of the Class X is its real role in the economy. In this case, the economic function, as stated in the article, plays the role of the foundation on which the identity of the representatives of the creative class is built. The author notes that the ability of representatives of Group X to refuse to interpret the designated group as a single and integral one is a specific property of the creative class, although the platform connecting the creative class is determined by tastes, interests, and preferences. This idea underlies the statement about the value system corresponding to the creative class. In comparison with the traditional one, it has undergone a radical transformation, including as the dominant values those of them on which the creative identity of Class X is based – the values of the system of an economy of abundance and economic stability (“the post-scarcity era”). Among them are the values of the way of life, which is defined by analysts as a transit from the values of survival to the values of “selfexpression” (the priority range of value preferences includes the categories “quality of life”, “standard of living”, “lifestyle”). The system of designated values (“post-materialistic values”) is classified in the article on grounds such as individual originality, personal abilities and merit, any manifestations of diversity (individuality, meritocracy, diversity and openness).
DIGITAL CULTURE AS AN OBJECT OF CULTURAL STUDIES: THE PROBLEM OF METHODOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVES
Authors:   Tyumen State University (Tyumen, Russian Federation), Yarkova Elena N.
Published: September 2021

Modern domestic research of digital culture, according to the author, is mainly based on scientific approaches developed by the Euro-American philosophical and scientific thought. This position seems counterproductive, as it condemns Russian scientists to eternal lag. The article offers a number of alternative approaches to the study of digital culture. The author presents some subject areas and methods of studying digital culture, which are on the periphery of scientific interests. It offers a number of steps away from established research traditions. First, the author shares phenomenal and noumenal aspects of digital culture. The emphasis on the nominal aspect opens up the possibility of analyzing the value-semantic content of digital culture, identifying the specifics of “digital creativity” as a semantic and syntactic process. Secondly, the author expands the ideas about the genealogy of digital culture. In particular, the role of philosophy in the formation of a new digital method of culture coding is explicated, the way some ideas of structuralism, axiology, phenomenology legitimized the formation of this method is demonstrated. Third, the author falsifies (in the sense of Popper) the tradition of identifying postmodern culture with digital culture. Based on comparative analysis it is proved that the value-semantic content of these cultures do not coincide, that digital culture is a synthesis of the ideals of modernism and postmodernism. Fourth, the author attempts to determine the ontological status of digital culture. He argues that the inherent ability of this culture to reproduce itself makes a person from the subject of cultural production to its object. This non-anthropocentric turn generates an unprecedented alienation of culture. Digital culture is turning into a force that dominates man, turns man into a being not just controlled, manipulated, but also devoid of authenticity. At the same time, non-anthropocentric turn creates unprecedented participation person to the culture. The growing dependence of man on artificial technologies puts culture at the epicenter of human existence. Changing the ontological status of culture entails the need for a radical revision of the conceptual apparatus of its research. The concept of “culture” is spontaneously replaced by the concept of “postculture”. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the vital importance of studying digital culture, the need for theoretical study of ideas about digital culture as a post-culture.
Métodos de análisis espacial para el cálculo de espacios libres, áreas verdes y espacios de recreación en áreas urbanas
Authors: Reghini de Moraes Weslei , Aparecida Zacharias Andréa , Bino Rodrigues Giovani
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica para evaluar cualitativa y cuantitativamente los espacios libres urbanos, la arborización urbana y las vías verdes y los rayos de influencia de los espacios libres, con dos microcuencas insertadas en el paisaje urbano de la ciudad de Ourinhos/SP. Mediante técnicas del análisis espacial, con el apoyo de Quantum Gis 2.18, la investigación utilizó el IAVp (Índice de área verde según la población), IAVs (Índice de área verde según la superficie de la cuenca) e índices ICV (índice de cobertura vegetal). Así, la primera etapa del trabajo consistió en una investigación bibliográfica sobre los espacios libres urbanos, áreas verdes,  verde viario y arborización urbana, seguido del análisis de áreas de estudio a través de imágenes satelitales. Posteriormente, se realizaron sucesivas salidas de campo para observar y hacer registro fotográfico de paisajes urbanos, destacando la presencia, tipos de equipamientos urbanos y el estado de conservación de los espacios libres. Finalmente, se realizaron mapeos que espacializaron la presencia y el estado de conservación de los espacios libres de uso público en Ourinhos. Al fin, la metodología resultó ser poco compleja y en gran medida eficiente, con datos confiables para ser utilizados en Políticas Públicas que aporten con la Gestión Urbana Sostenible.
Глубокая игра. Роман «Игрок» Достоевского
Authors: Koroleva Kseniya
Published: September 2021

Данное исследование посвящено рассмотрению феномена игры и фигуры игрока у Федора Михайловича Достоевского. Основным источником материала является опубликованный писателем в 1886 году роман «Игрок», а также другие произведения и биографические сведения. Достоевский рассматривает игру с позиции религиозного мыслителя, поэтому проблематика азарта приобретает в его работах демонический окрас и статус испытания для героя, в ходе которого предполагается радикальная трансформация его личности и духовное преображение. Рассуждения Достоевского включены в широкий контекст размышлений о феномене игры, относящихся как к эпохе писателя, так и к современности. Рассмотрение феномена игры у Достоевского разделяется на несколько принципиально значимых аспектов. Мы обратились к значению игр для культуры XIX века, показав, что распространенные в обществе игры напрямую соотносились с общественным сознанием того времени. Проблематичное соотношение случайности, свободы воли и рока, присущее азартной игре, продемонстрировали коммуникативный и экзистенциальный аспект игры. Наконец, игровая деятельность может выступать в качестве модели мира, равно как и проективного разыгрывания различных социальных ролей за счет той смены масок игрока, которую игровая деятельность с необходимостью подразумевает. В результате проделанного исследования были получены следующие результаты: показано, что в романе Достоевского игра рассматривается как система случайностей и закономерностей, как выбор, как этически окрашенное явление и как проявление власти. Достоевский понимает игру как коммуникацию с мирозданием, попытку изменить судьбу, проявление свободы воли у Богочеловека. Человеческая душа и ее страдания показаны Достоевским во временной длительности, создаваемой процессом игры, и в специфическом пространстве игры, очерченном им в описании фантастического города Рулетенбурга.
Цветовое конструирование действительности в романе Достоевского «Преступление и наказание»
Authors: Yerokhina Yuliya
Published: September 2021

В статье предпринята попытка смоделировать образ того, что могло быть миром бледного цвета в романе Ф.М. Достоевского «Преступление и наказание», включая все составляющие: лексику, название и значение цвета, коды, которые лежат в основе (культурные, государственно-правовые, социальные и пр.), нормативные правовые акты того времени, государственно-правовые идеи. Внимание в статье уделяется бледному цвету: определяется его герменевтическое поле, выявляются первичный (буквальный) и вторичный (иносказательный) смыслы. Ключом декодирования цветового кода в романе Ф.М. Достоевского «Преступление и наказание» выступает трактат И.В. Гете «Учение о цвете. Теория познания», в частности, прослеживается взаимосвязь бледного цвета с желтым и синим/голубым цветами, дается их интерпретация, отмечается слабая интенсивность синего/голубого и особенная насыщенность желтого. Делается вывод о возможности рассматривать бледный цвет в качестве знака при анализе отдельных сцен в романе. Обозначаются методологические и гносеологические трудности при декодировании и интерпретации бледного цвета в лексико-семантическом поле романа. Обращается внимание на необходимость изучения и реконструкции исторических условий создания литературного произведения для определения особенностей конституирования его смысла, для релевантного восприятия и интерпретации бледного цвета.
Между ангелом и бесом
Authors: Kolchigin Sergey , Kacheyev Denis
Published: September 2021

Ф.М. Достоевский положил начало тому пути развития русской философской мысли, основой которого стали экзистенциальные и духовные искания человека. Вот краткий список вопросов, которые задал человечеству русский писатель: «Если Бога нет, то все позволено?» Безбожие может выступать как богоборчество и отрицание высших человеческих качеств, но может не исключать и прекрасных качеств души. Ценности человеческой жизни, любви, семьи, социальной справедливости могут иметь гражданское основание, но только понимание их сакральной основы делает их подлинно всечеловеческими. «Со Христом или с истиной?» Ответ: конечно, со Христом, ибо Он и есть Истина. В своем вопросе Достоевский имел в виду истину логическую, умственную. «Тварь ли я дрожащая или право имею?» Трансцендировать наличные рамки — сущностное свойство человека. Но тут есть два пути: один — переступить в себе человеческое, другой — переступить в себе античеловеческое. «Стоит ли гармония слезинки ребенка?» XX век пытался опровергнуть ответ Достоевского на этот «проклятый вопрос», пытаясь утвердить некие образцы гармонии в жизни. Но нужно ли пытаться построить «царство Божие» на земле, которое и будет всемирной гармонией? Или страдания человека, та самая «слезинка», важнее любых утопических проектов? «Обратить камни в хлебы — самая ли великая мысль?» Если задача внутреннего роста души оказывается второстепенной в сравнении с задачами экономическими, то достичь социальной гармонии невозможно. Не изменятся люди — не изменится ничего, кроме внешних проявлений их жизнедеятельности. «Зачем я непременно должен быть добродетельным?» Вопрос о добродетельности — не просто экзистенциальный, но онтологический. Отринув добродетельность, можно уничтожить все вокруг и самого себя. Как в физическом, так и в духовном смысле.
“Chizhiki tak i mrut”
Authors: Tigountsova (Hellebust) Inna
Published: September 2021

My article will investigate the ways in which metaphors for birds, especially birds of song, in the correspondence between the protagonists of Dostoevsky's novel “Poor Folk” (Бедные люди, 1846) — Makar Devushkin and Varen'ka Dobroselova — refer back to Goethe's scandalously popular epistolary novel “The Sufferings of Young Werther” (Die Leiden des jungen Werthers, 1774). I propose that Dostoevsky involves a metaphoric net as an oblique subtext of references to recent popular European literature to convey the idea of Romantic death (bearing in mind the extent to which “Werther”, though written in the late eighteenth century, retained its cultural relevance for Russian readers in Dostoevsky's time). As I am investigating the larger picture of Dostoevsky's treatment of death and suicide in his shorter fiction as well as his dialogue with Goethe on this subject, I also argue that in “Poor Folk” the parody and stylization of Romantic discourse in Rataziaev's texts (and elsewhere) reveals thematic parallels between the Russian and the German narratives, and demonstrates Dostoevsky's viewpoint on death, Romanticism and Realism. For the methodological basis of my study, I will apply Mikhail Bakhtin's ideas on parody and stylization from his seminal “Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics” (especially from the chapter “Dostoevsky's Discourse”.
Неудача как философский сюжет в творчестве Достоевского
Authors: Murzin Nikolay
Published: September 2021

Достоевский часто изображает своих героев претерпевающими серьезный жизненный кризис или даже крах. Неудача — перманентное состояние их начинаний и проектов. В состоянии неудачи их души открывают в себе глубинную неудовлетворенность, незаполненность актуальным содержанием, отчуждение от мира, других людей и самих себя. Мировая философия рассматривает такую ситуацию как некую драматическую норму человеческой судьбы: от Гераклитова смыслообразующего Раздора и Парменидова неожиданно бытийствующего ничто до Платонова Эрота, вожделеющего к тому, чего он сам лишен и чем он не является, и Гегелева «несчастного сознания», обнаруживающего, что его первый проблеск в этом мире — Я — еще пуст и неопределенен, и стать чем-то ему пока только предстоит в размышлении и труде. Но в русском философско-художественном дискурсе у Достоевского эта ситуация обращается из драматической в трагическую, а фигура недовоплощенного человека демонизируется. «Оторванные» от почвы и жизни Я накапливают в себе особого рода силу, но сила эта сплошь и рядом преподносится как разрушительная. Индивидуум в поисках себя обречен найти не себя, а дьявола, а точнее — ничего не найти, поскольку дьявол, по Достоевскому, не что иное, как дух небытия. Становление, процессуальность — нечестивые стигмы для русской мысли и духа, чреватые революциями и нравственной катастрофой. Достоевский отвергает диалектику; его произведения призваны показать, что есть лишь жизнь (реальное, истинное, благое, божеское) и противостоящее ей ничто (дьявольское, смертоносное). Неудачливость, неудачность — роковая печать на человеке, означающая его затронутость ничто и закрывающая все перспективы для него, вместо того чтобы открывать их.
KAZAK HALK HEKİMLİĞİ ÜZERİNE YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALAR
Authors: ASHIRKHANOVA Karlygash
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışma kazak halk hekimliği üzerine Kazakistan ve Rusya’da yapılan çalışmaların açıklamalı kaynakça denemesidir. Makalede kitaplar, kitap bölümü, makaleler, tez çalışmalar taranmış, elde edilen bilgilere kısaca açıklamalı bibliyografya şeklinde yayın yılına göre sıralanıp verilmiştir. Halk hekimliği üzerine yapılan Rus ve yabancı araştırmacıların çalışmaları dahil yerli araştırmacıların çalışmaları da tespit edilmiştir. Makalemizde halk hekimliği üzerine yapılan bilimsel araştırmalara yer vermeyi uygun gördük. Çalışma esnasında tespit ettiğimiz gibi bilimsel değer taşımayan oldukça çok sayıda yazılar mevcuttu. Ele aldığımız eserler kazak halkının kültür hazinesi olan halk hekimliğinin değeri ve tarihi, önemi vs. ortaya koymakta, bir diğer taraftan da yazıldığı dönemde halkın yaşam hayatını yansıtan, geçmişi ve bugününü söz eden çalışmalardır. Emperyalizmin etkisinden kaybolmaya yönelen halk kültürünün temel kaynağı halk hekimliği konusunda bilim dünyasında farklı görüşler ve çalışmalar, çeşitli konuların inceleme ve araştırma alanı olmuştur. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak Kazakistan’da Halk hekimliği üzerine yapılan çalışmalar kitaplar, tezler, makalelerin bibliyografyası değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaların içeriğine açıklamalı inceleme yapılmıştır. Makalede Kazakistan’da Halk Hekimliği ile çalışmalar kitaplar, tezler, makaleler olmak üç başlık altında incelenmiştir. Makale “Kazakistan’da halk hekimliği” tez çalışmasından üretilmiştir.
The European Council, the Council, and the European Green Deal
Authors: Rosamond Jeffrey , Dupont Claire
Published: September 2021

We assess the response of the European Council and the Council of the European Union (hereafter the Council) to the emergence and development of the European Green Deal (EGD). First, we conduct a literature review of the historical role of the two intergovernmental institutions in EU climate policy development, drawing inspiration from new intergovernmentalism, historical institutionalism, and discursive institutionalism. Next, we provide an overview of the EGD itself and three of its core elements: (1) the ambition to achieve climate neutrality by 2050; (2) its systemic and integrative nature; and (3) the just transition approach. We then present the results of a qualitative content analysis of all Council and European Council Conclusions from 2018 to 2020. Our findings show that the European Council and the Council have declared support for the EGD and its underlying principles. The European Council engaged with all three elements but mentioned the objective of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 most frequently and with growing intensity over the years studied. The Council similarly discussed the three elements of the EGD and gave increasing focus to the integrated/systemic transition over the course of the years 2018–2020. Our empirical analysis suggests that, on paper, the Council and the European Council may manage to govern through the organisational turbulence of member state divisions on climate governance. Furthermore, environmental turbulence arising from external contexts (e.g., economic and health crises) did not dampen their declared support towards the goals of the EGD.
Deliberative Mini-Publics and the European Green Deal in Turbulent Times: The Irish and French Climate Assemblies
Authors: Torney Diarmuid
Published: September 2021

Innovative forms of deliberative democracy are gaining traction in governing responses to climate change in Europe and beyond. Proponents of deliberative democracy have drawn attention to its particular suitability for shaping responses to environmental challenges. Citizen engagement and participation is also a prominent feature of the European Green Deal. This article considers the relationship between turbulence and deliberative democracy in the context of climate transitions, exploring when and how such democratic innovations are likely to generate turbulence in the governance of climate transitions. A framework is developed that focuses on three important sets of characteristics of deliberative mini-publics (DMPs): (a) the nature of their formal mandates and the ways in which climate change is framed as a policy problem; (b) the nature of participation and the degree to which the participants are empowered to shape the deliberative processes in which they participate; and (c) the degree to which DMPs are coupled with relevant policymaking processes. This framework is used to explore two recent and high-profile cases of a particular type of DMP: citizens’ assemblies in Ireland and France. The article contributes to the literatures on turbulent governance and deliberative democracy by reflecting on key dimensions of DMPs from the analytical perspective of turbulent governance.
Microwave cyclotron protective devices for radar receivers
Authors:   RPC ", Bykovskiy Sergey V. ,   Istok",   named after Shokin"
Published: September 2021

Brief overview of the latest developments of microwave cyclotron protective devices, their functioning and parameters is given. It is noted that these devices have a number of important advantages over other types of protective devices: they are autonomous, provide no peak of microwave power leaking to the output, frequency filtering and low noise figure (0.7-1.2 dB). The upper limit of the linearity of cyclotron protective devices in the signal transmission mode when the transmission coefficient is compressed by 1 dB is ~ 1 mW. The devices can operate with an input pulse power of up to 10 kW or more, while the attenuation of the input power in the protection mode is more than 60-80 dB. The recovery time of parameters after the end of a powerful input pulse is 10-20 ns. For devices of the 3-cm wavelength range, experimental data are given on the recovery time, the upper limit of linearity, attenuation of the input power in the protection mode, and filtration characteristics.
Physiological aspects of visual information perception of the oculomotor apparatus
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Grachev Vladimir I. , Kolesov Vladimir V. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Menshikova Galina Ya. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ryabenkov Viktor I. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

The individual characteristics of the human visual apparatus are associated with the anatomical and psychophysiological parameters of his body. Based on the EyeTracking technology, the physiological aspects of the perception of visual information by the oculomotor apparatus, which are not associated with active cognitive activity, have been investigated. The individual features in the size of fixation when reading text and examining halftone graphic objects in various people have been investigated. The time durations of fixations in different people, associated with the process of accommodation, as well as the internal structure of fixations, were investigated. It is shown that the trajectory of the gaze shift in fixation has an internal heterogeneous structure. The total trajectory of eye movement in the fixation area is determined by a set of successive clusters. This fixation structure is apparently associated with the processes of restoration of the photosensitivity of rhodopsin in the photoreceptors of the retina. All the above studies of the fixations of various subjects on the basis of various images showed that the oculomotor system, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the visual apparatus, is equally controlled by the "video processor" of the brain when the eye is accommodated to the image elements. And the only objective individual feature of human vision, which uniquely characterizes the perception of graphic information, is the value of the average displacement in fixation. It is she who is the "visiting card" of the subject and remains practically unchanged both when reading and when examining halftone images and in test validation with forced fixation of the gaze.
Alexander A. Potapov (to 70th Anniversary oh Bird)
Authors:   RENSIT journal editorial воard, Vladimir I. Vladimir I.
Published: September 2021

Is presented the information about Alexander A. Potapov - Dr Sci Phys@Math, chief researcher in Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, academician of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, the well-known scientist in the field of radiophysics and radar, statistical radio engineering, recognition and processing of images and signals, fractal and texture analysis, fractional operators, fractal electrodynamics, fractal antennas and deterministic chaos.
Clinical efficacy of aflibercept treatment in patients with ranibizumab-resistant neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Egorov Victor V. , Smoliakova Galina P. , Danilova Lubov P. , Zhajvoronok Natalya S. , Solov'yeva Yulia B. , Polosina Anzhelika N.
Published: September 2021

THE AIMwas to evaluate clinical efficacy of aflibercept treatment in patients with ranibizumab-resistant neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
MATERIALS AND METHODS.13 patients (13 eyes) after intravitreal ranibizumab therapy for 1 year (from 6 to 8 injections with an interval of 1.5 to 2 months). However, in all patients, there was a recurrence of the exudative activity of the process.Aflibercept treatment method consisted of 3 monthly loading intravitreal injections with follow-up period of 4 months.
RESULTS.One month after 1st aflibercept injection among all patients, the average index of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased to 0.410.02 and the central retinal thickness (CRT) index decreased to 30714.5 m versus the initial CRT value 43164 m. After the 3rd aflibercept injection, the CRT index was the lowest and amounted to 189.513.0 m, which was accompanied BCVA increase to 0.420.03 versus 0.290.05 as the initial value. According to the optical coherence tomography data, after loading phase, good anatomical effect was observed with significant edema reduction, complete resorption of fluid in the subretinal space, and decrease of the pigment epithelial detachments height.
CONCLUSION.Evaluating the results of our study, we found that the use of angiogenesis inhibitor aflibercept made it possible to suppress the signs of activity of choroidal neovascularization and to obtain additional improvement of visual functions in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration, when the therapeutic effect from the early ranibizumab therapy was insufficient or completely absent.
Modern insights into ophthalmic manifestations of rheumatic diseases
Authors: Karpova Daria A. , Savina Ekaterina E. , Ponomareva Maria N. , Lushpaeva Yulia A. , Partikeeva Irina M.
Published: September 2021

This literature review is devoted to the analysis of modern insights into ophthalmological manifestations (according to the data of foreign scientific literature in the PubMed system for 20172020) of the most common rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, systemic vasculitis), which are characterized by damage to all structures of the eye and its adnexa: eyelids, orbital tissues, eyeball tunics, vessels, optic nerve and vitreous. Ocular lesion may be an onset, one of the diagnostic signs, or a biomarker of underlying medical condition.
A clinical case of bilateral exudative retinal detachment against the background of severe preeclampsia
Authors: Kolenko Oleg V. , Fil Anastasia A. , Sorokin Evgenii L.
Published: September 2021

This article describes a clinical case of a bilateral exudative retinal detachment development in a young woman with severe preeclampsia. The data of the ophthalmological examination, as well as those of the dynamic observation of the patient, are presented. The possible mechanisms of the formation of exudative retinal detachment on the background of preeclampsia are considered in detail. The described clinical case is of great interest, since this condition is a rare complication in preeclampsia. Exudative retinal detachment against the background of preeclampsia requires adherence to bed rest, normalization of blood pressure, control of proteinuria and, as a rule, does not require surgical intervention.
The features of diagnosis and treatment of unilateral concomitant strabismus with visual fixation defect in preschool children
Authors: Kononova Nadezhda E. , Somov Evgenij E.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND:Particular difficulties in treatment of children with monolateral strabismus are associated with the presence of severe amblyopia in the squinting eye in combination with a visual fixation defect (acentral or intermittent).
AIM:To assess the anatomical and functional status of children with visual fixation defects, to find out the causes of failures in treatment of this group of patients, to determine the tactics of their management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study included 92 children of preschool age (from 3 to 7 years) with monolateral concomitant strabismus. The follow-up period for the children ranged from 12 to 72 months. The average age of the examined children was 4.6 1.1 years. Three variants of visual fixation were identified in the squinting eye: central visual fixation (CVF) 68 eyes; intermittent visual fixation (IVF ) 7 eyes; and acentral visual fixation (AVF) 17 eyes. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination: visometry; strabometry; autorefractometry; determination of the critical frequency of light flashes; assessment of visual fixation; optical coherence tomography of the retina. All children underwent passive and active pleoptics.
RESULTS:The visual acuity of children with CVF significantly increased due to pleoptics. At the same time in cases of IVF and even more in those of AVF, visual acuity remained significantly lower than that of the fixating eye, pleoptics were ineffective in this group of patients. In patients with CVF, the critical frequency of light flashes of the squinting eye increased in statistically significant figures, while in IVF and AVF, the difference between squinting and fixing eye remained. According to OCT data, changes in the macular area were detected in 18 (75%) eyes in patients with IVF and AVF, which allows us to distinguish organic pathology from amblyopia.
CONCLUSIONS:In children with monolateral strabismus, it is necessary to determine visual fixation of the squinting eye. At IVF and AVF, it is mandatory to conduct optical coherence tomography of the macular area to exclude organic pathology. In patients with monolateral concomitant strabismus with IVF and AVF, surgery on oculomotor muscles is indicated.
Evaluation of retinal thickness and of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema incidence in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma treated with prostaglandin analogues
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Astakhov Sergey Yu. , Potemkin Vitaly V. , Potemkina Albina R. , Anikina Liliya K.
Published: September 2021

Background. Cataract is often associated with primary glaucoma. Prostaglandin analogues use is considered to be a risk factor for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.
Purpose. To evaluate the effect of prostaglandin analogues and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops on the central retinal thickness and the incidence of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.
Materials and methods. 91 patients were enrolled in the study. 22 patients (22 eyes) were included in the first main group and 22 patients (22 eyes) were included in the second main groups. All patients in main groups had glaucoma and used prostaglandin analogues. 47 patients (57 eyes) without glaucoma were included in the control group. All patients were treated with topical antibiotics and steroids after phacoemulsification. Patients in the main second and in the control groups also received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops. The retinal thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography 2 weeks, 2 months and 6 months after the operation.
Results. After the operation, the foveal thickness in patients of the first and the second groups was increased, but it had returned to the preoperative level after 6 months in the first group and after 2 months in the second group. The retinal thickness in the fovea in the control group decreased after the surgery and it has been increasing gradually but did not achieve the preoperative value.
Conclusion. Prostaglandin analogues use after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation does not affect the incidence of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops after the surgery helps to achieve faster normalization of the central retinal thickness.
Physical Education Teacher Training: the Challenges of Teaching Legitimation in the Debate Center
Authors: Bagnara Ivan Carlos , Fensterseifer Paulo Evaldo , Silva Sidinei Phitan da
Published: September 2021

Abstract This study aims to analyze the way the themes related to the political, curricular and didactic aspects, are being addressed by publications related to Initial Training (IT) at the Physical Education (PE) degree level. Thereunto, a bibliographic research was developed, taking as a background the productions published from 2013, linked to the Brazilian College of Sport Sciences. Thus, from 708 publications, 29 texts addressed the theme and constituted the final sample. From the political point of view, it is clear that most concerns are related to the National Curriculum Guidelines and not to the formation of a subject with the political capacity to teach. In the curricular perspective the studies address themes related to the contents of Initial Training (IT), curricular internships/Pibid, epistemological debate, curricular fragmentation and the division of formation. Concerning the didactic aspects, themes emerged which were associated mainly to supervised internships. Thus, we have the impression that IT is not developing a training process capable of translating into the school environment the legal and theoretical gains that the area has achieved in recent decades, which could help overcome the gap that the Brazilian School Physical Education (SPE) has experienced since it has entered into crisis.
Keywords: Teacher Training. Political Challenge. Curriculum Challenge. Didactic Challenge.
ResumoEste estudo tem como objetivo analisar a forma como as temáticas referentes aos aspectos políticos, curriculares e didáticos, estão sendo tratadas pelas publicações relacionadas à Formação Inicial (FI) em nível de licenciatura em Educação Física (EF). Para isso, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, tomando como pano de fundo as produções publicadas a partir de 2013, vinculadas ao Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte. Assim, de 708 publicações, 29 textos abordavam a temática e constituíram a amostra final. Do ponto de vista político, percebe-se que a maioria das preocupações estão relacionadas com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e não com a formação de um sujeito dotado de capacidade política para exercer a docência. Na perspectiva curricular os estudos abordam temas ligados aos conteúdos da Formação Inicial (FI), estágios curriculares/Pibid, debate epistemológico, fragmentação curricular e a divisão da formação. Acerca dos aspectos didáticos, emergiram temáticas vinculadas principalmente aos estágios supervisionados. Dessa forma temos a impressão de que a FI não está desenvolvendo um processo formativo capaz de traduzir no ambiente escolar os ganhos legais e teóricos que a área conseguiu nas últimas décadas, os quais poderiam ajudar a superar o hiato que vive a EFE brasileira desde que entrou em crise.
Palavras-chave: Formação de Professores. Desafio Político. Desafio Curricular. Desafio Didático.
Üç Denizler İnisiyatifi: Avrupa Bütünleşmesinde Minilateral Bir İşbirliği Modeli mi Yoksa Polonya’nın Denge Arayışı mı?
Authors: HEKİMLER Oktay
Published: September 2021

Avrupa Birliği (AB) içinde son dönemde artan fikir ayrılıkları ve liderlik mücadelesi üye ülkeleri yeni arayışlara sevk etmiştir. Özellikle görece küçük veya güçsüz üye ülkeler güçlüler arasında sıkışmak yerine adeta bir tür küçükler dayanışmasına gitmek, bu şekilde daha fark edilir olmayı tercih etmişlerdir. Bu arayış bir tarafta başta yeni işbirliklerinin önünü açarken, yeni jeostratejik ilişkiler ve müttefik arayışlarını da teşvik etmiştir. Bu çalışmada Trimarium düşüncesi, jeopolitik teori ve Avrupa kuşkuculuğu çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Polonya’nın jeopolitik yaklaşımı göz önünde tutularak henüz yeni bir minilateral işbirliği modeli olan Trimarium’un Avrupa bütünleşmesine olan katkısı tartışılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu girişimin Avrupa’da var olan uçurumu derinleştiren mi, yoksa tarafları birleştiren bir etki mi yaratığı sorusuna cevap aranacaktır.
Havayolu Sektöründe Devlet Destekleri: Türkiye’deki Teşvikli Uçuş Hatlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: UZGÖR Mustafa , ŞENGÜR Ferhan
Published: September 2021

Dünya genelinde havayolu pazarlarında artan serbestleşme, hava taşımacılığında gelişmeyi beraberinde getirirken; uzak, küçük ve kırsal bölgelerde havayolu hizmeti sunmak havayolu işletmeleri tarafından kârlı görülmemeye başlanmıştır. Hükümetler, bu bölgelerin havayolu hizmetinden faydalanabilmeleri için havayolu işletmelerini teşvik etmek adına çeşitli mekanizmalar geliştirmişlerdir. Bu bağlamda teşvikli hatlar, havayollarına verilen devlet destekleri arasında öne çıkan bir uygulamadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, akademik yazında daha önce ele alınmayan Türkiye’deki teşvikli hat programının özelliklerinin, işleyişinin ve son durumunun ortaya konulması, yurtdışındaki benzer uygulamalarla karşılaştırılması ve öneriler getirilmesidir. Çalışmada öncelikle teşvikli hat uygulamasına yönelik teorik bir çerçeve sunularak yurtdışındaki öncü uygulamalar anlatılmıştır. Sonrasında alan yazından ve ikincil veri kaynaklarından elde edilen bulgular incelenerek ve derlenerek Türkiye bağlamında betimsel vaka/durum çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, Türkiye’de teşvikli hatların amacına uygun şekilde uzak noktaları merkezlere bağlamak odaklı olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, programda finansal teşvik aracının olmamasının, teşvikli hat sayısının az olmasına neden olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Teşvikli hatlar uygulamasında yapılacak düzenlemelerle uygulama havayolu işletmeleri için daha cazip hale gelecek, bölgesel havacılığa yapılacak yatırımlarla teşvik uygulaması daha etkin işleyecektir.
Yeni Medya ve İletişim Çalışmalarının Etik Teoriler ve Yönetişim Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YANMIYAN Sema
Published: September 2021

Etik konusunun en çok tartışıldığı alanlar olan medya ve iletişim çalışmalarında bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerle birlikte yeni etik sorunlar da gündeme gelmiştir. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri etkileşimli olma, bireylerin aktif katılımını sağlama, özgürlükçü bir ortam yaratma, sınırsız bilgiye erişme gibi imkânlar sunan yeni bir medya ortamı oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı da bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin yeni medya ve iletişim çalışmaları alanlarında neden olduğu etik sorunları sonuççuluk, faydacılık, erdem etiği ve deontoloji etik teorileriyle değerlendirerek etik ikilemler üzerinden incelemektir. Ayrıca çalışma, yeni medya ve iletişim çalışmalarında ortaya çıkan etik ikilemleri medya yönetişim modelleriyle birlikte ele alarak etik sorunlara çözüm önerileri sunmaya çalışmaktadır. Etik teoriler, yeni medya ve iletişim çalışmalarında karşılaşılan etik sorunları MERITS modeli ile ikilemler üzerinden tartışarak karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısından analiz etmeyi sağlamaktadır. Yönetişim modelleri ise etik ikilemlere özdenetim mekanizmalarının oluşturulması, meslek etik ilkelerinin belirlenmesi ve medya okuryazarlığı eğitiminin alınması şeklinde çözümler sunmaktadır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak literatür taramasına dayalı ikincil kaynaklardan elde edilen verilerin toplanması tekniği kullanılmıştır.
A Review of Dreamland: The true tale of America's opiate epidemic by Sam Quinones
Authors: Wolf Julia Kay
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
Review of the Routledge International Handbook of Rural Criminology, Joseph F. Donnermeyer (Editor)
Authors: Sollund Ragnhild
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
Approaching the Promise of 5G
Authors: Campbell Leith H.
Published: September 2021

This editorial comes in two parts: some remarks on fulfilling the promise of 5G as it rolls out; and a brief introduction to the papers in this issue.
IMAGE OF CHINA IN THE DIARIES OF A SPECIALIST IN MONGOLIAN STUDIES O. M. KOVALEVSKY (1801–1878)
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, O. N. Polyanskaya , Y. V. Kuzmin ,   Baikal State University, J. Urangua ,   National University of Mongolia
Published: September 2021

В статье представлены материалы из дневников монголоведа Казанского университета О. М. Ковалевского о Китае первой половины XIX в. Ученому удалось побывать в Пекине в составе Российской духовной миссии, где он провел зиму и весну 1830–1831 гг. О. М. Ковалевский посещал только пригородные буддийские храмы и монастыри, при этом сожалея, что недостаточно хорошо владеет китайским языком. Вначале О. М. Ковалевский вел поденные записи о своем пребывании в Китае, а затем перешел к тематическим, интересуясь почти всеми сторона-ми истории и жизни Китая, что особенно представляется интересным. Обширное знакомство и дружеское общение с лицами разных сословий дали возможность О. М. Ковалевскому, кроме совершенствования в монгольском языке, приобрести основательные сведения о маньчжурском языке, ознакомиться с государственным строем Китая, с историей и литературой китайцев, маньчжуров и монголов, собрать данные об их религии, нравах и обычаях.
“MISSIONARY PUBLICATIONS” IN THE COLLECTION OF RARE AND VALUABLE BOOKS OF THE SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY OF D. BANZAROV BURYAT STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, N. E. Zhukova
Published: September 2021

Представленная статья посвящена раскрытию источниковедческих аспектов ряда книжных памятников, переведенных английскими миссионерами Забайкалья в первой половине XIX в. В настоящее время все они сосредоточены в фонде редких и ценных изданий Научной библиотеки Бурятского государственного университета в коллекции «Миссионерские издания». В связи с перевод-ческой деятельностью Английской духовной миссии стали доступными для бурят и монголов издания религиозного и учебного содержания, что вносило ощутимое культурное разнообразие и некоторая часть населения ознакомилась с европейской книжной культурой. Спецификой коллекции является ее оформление вне рамок отечественной книжной традиции. Ключевыми источниковедческими характеристиками коллекции являются удовлетворительная сохранность экземпляров и их высокая читабельность. Несомненная ценность изданий коллекции заключается в их образовательном и просветительском потенциале, что стало положительным фактором в культурном развитии региона.