bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political and territorial divisions in Silesia 1919–1926
Authors: Kulak Teresa
Published: July 2024

The article concerns the effects of the Resolution of the Prussian Parliament of 14th October 1919, according to which, before the Plebiscite envisaged in the Treaty of Versailles, the Opole (Oppeln) district (Regierungsbezirk) was separated from the Province of Silesia and given the status of the Province of Upper Silesia, and the Province of Lower Silesia was created from the merged Wrocław (Breslau) and Legnica (Liegnitz) districts. After the Plebiscite, in accordance with the decision of the Council of Ambassadors of 20th October 1921, the Plebiscite area was divided and the portions of the Upper Silesian and Lower Silesian Provinces (from the border region of Wrocław) were assigned to Germany and Poland according to decision made on 10th July 1922. As a result of the Act of the Prussian Parliament of 25th July 1923, two separate Provinces of Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia were established, but the division of the property of the former Province of Silesia between them was decided by the Act of 26th October 1926.
The events of 1938 in Silesia as a prelude to the outbreak of the Second World War
Authors: Kaczmarek Ryszard
Published: July 2024

The article presents the genesis of the Second World War in Central and Eastern Europe from the perspective of 1938, highlighting in particular the area of Silesia, which in the 20th century belonged to the German Reich, the Czechoslovak Republic and the Republic of Poland. The text focuses primarily on the diplomatic situation in which Silesia became an object of a political game, both of the great powers and of the actions taken by small and medium-sized Central European states (including Poland), seeking to guarantee their sovereignty in the new geopolitical conditions. The main role in these events was played by Nazi Germany, which occupied Czechoslovak Silesia, treating this fact as a preliminary to future territorial conquests during the Second World War.
Public history entering Poland
Authors: Wojdon Joanna
Published: July 2024

The article presents the short outline of history of public history in the USA and in Poland, referring to Barbara Franco’s definition that it is history for the public, by the public, with the public, and about the public. Emphasizing the role of the public, it focuses on these four aspects, addressing issues of the relationship between the past, the public and other stakeholders, and relating them to the ways of dealing with history that respond to changing external conditions, that take into account local specificities, but at the same time are a universal experience.
MARKETING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS: A CASE STUDY OF SAMPRAN MODEL
Authors: Katepan P ,   Ph.D. in Agricultural Economics, Dr., Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Faculty of Agriculture Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Mekhora T , Chanthumma B ,   Ph.D. in Agricultural Economics, Asst.Prof.Dr., Department of Agricultural Development and Resource Management, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand,   B.Sc. (Science), Graduate, Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Faculty of Agriculture Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
Published: July 2024

Green products commonly offer potential benefits to the environment and human health, which consumer preferences in sustainability at the present are continuously increasing. This study investigated the organic or green product distribution channels and marketing strategies of organic vegetable farmers. Survey research with a simple random sampling technique was conducted using 120 Sampran Model Project farmers in Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. The data were processed and analyzed using a statistical package for the social sciences. The results revealed: 1) 3.50% of the farmers sold organic products via each channel at a high level; and 2) 43.30% of the farmers had no promotion marketing strategy for selling organic products, while 27.50% used a price reduction strategy, and 9.00% used a price reduction strategy with a bonus product/gift, 7.00% applied a price reduction strategy when customers purchased in large quantities, and 7.00% applied a price reduction strategy when customers purchased a specified amount with free shipping, 3.00% used a promotion strategy, such as a sale, exchange, distribution, and giveaway; and 4) the rest of the strategies consisted of reward points collection (0.80%), 10% discount when customers purchased in bulk (0.80%), if customers purchased a specified amount they could visit the farm (0.80%), and a free trial (0.80%).
ŞIH DELİL-İ BERHECAN EVLATLARINDAN SEYİT HÜSEYİN ERDOĞAN
Authors: Kaval Yılmaz
Published: July 2024

İnsanlığın gelişim sürecinin en önemli parçalarından biri de hiç şüphesiz yemek kültürüdür. Bir toplumun yemek kültürü o toplum için sadece bir besin sağlama işlevi görmez. Yemek kültürü aynı zamanda bünyesinden doğduğu toplumun inancını, folklorunu, değerlerini, adetlerini dolayısıyla da yaşam tarzını gösterir.
BİR KILICIN ŞİİRİ LÂ SEYFE İLLÂ ZÜLFİKAR
Authors: Özbek Arslan Necmiye
Published: July 2024

Zülfikar, Hz. Muhammed’in hem “Hülefâ-yı Râşidin” in bir ferdi hem de al-i abâsından olan Hz. Ali’ye hediye ettiği kılıçtır. Hz. Muhammed’in kılıcını hediye ederken söylediği “Lâ fetâ illâ Ali, lâ seyfe illâ Zülfikar” ve “Ali’den başka yiğit, Zülfikar’dan başka kılıç yoktur” manasına gelen sözünden mülhem özellikle Türk-İslam edebiyatında efsaneleşmiş olan Hz. Ali ve kılıcı Zülfikar üzerine pek çok eser yazılmıştır. Çatallı ucu, kavisli yapısı ile fiziki özellikleriyle güç veren Zülfikar’ın manevi bir güç taşıdığına da inanılır. Türk-İslam medeniyetine mensup kişilerin Zülfikar kılıcının kutsal olduğuna dair inancından olsa gerek, söz konusu kılıç birçok olağanüstü özelliklerle bezenmiştir. Sadece olağanüstü özellikleri değil bunun yanında kılıcın çatalının bir ucunun ilmi bir ucunun da imanı temsil ettiği yine rivayetler arasındadır. İslamiyet’in dünyanın pek çok yerine yayılmasından ve Türklerin İslam’ı kendilerine din olarak kabul etmelerinden sonra kılıç üzerine yeni bir kültür oluşmaya başlamış. Özellikle Türklerde kılıç kuşanma adeti bu kültürün bir tezahürüdür, denilebilir. Zülfikar sadece Hz. Ali’nin kılıcı olarak sosyal ve dini kültüre yerleşmemiş aynı zamanda edebi eserlerde de adından sıklıkla söz ettirmiştir. Hz. Ali’nin her yönüyle edebi metinlere konu olmasının yanında Zülfikar’ın tek başına kullanımı oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmada Zülfikar üzerine oldukça detaylı bir araştırma yapıp bunu kitap haline getirmiş olan Doç. Dr. Hasan KAPLAN’ın Bir Kılıcın Şiiri Lâ Seyfe İllâ Zülfikar isimli kitabı üzerine bir inceleme yapılmaya çalışılacaktır.
HATA_HATA
Authors: Erkal Ayşe
Published: July 2024

.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata.hata_hata
19. YÜZYILDAN MACERAPEREST BİR KÂŞİF: İBNÜLCEMAL AHMET TEVFİK VE VELOSİPET İLE BİR CEVELÂN
Authors: Kılıç Mürsade Meryem
Published: July 2024

Gezip görülen yerlerden elde edilen izlenimlerin titizlikle seçilerek edebî bir metin dairesinde işlendiği coğrafya ve mekân odaklı bir tür olarak gezi, Türk edebiyatının en eski anlatılarından biridir. Gezi yazarlarının tarih boyunca yurt içi veya yurt dışı birçok coğrafyayı ziyaretiyle başlayan anlatı, hem okur hem de yazar için deneyimsel bir serüven sunmaktadır. Diğer yandan gezi metinleri ekonomi, coğrafya, mimari ve sosyal tarihe ışık tutarak geçmişi anlamada bir araç görevi taşımaktadır. Gezi metinleriyle yalnızca coğrafya değil bir şehrin veya bölgenin ekonomik veya siyasî yapısı, tarihî veya toplumsal değerleri takip edilebilir. Bu bağlamda gezi metinleri sosyokültürel tarih için de bir başvuru kaynağıdır.
İbnülcemal Ahmet Tevfik’in, bisikletiyle yola çıktığı Bursa gezisi gezi edebiyatında, gezi metodu bağlamında ender seyahatlerden birini oluşturmaktadır. 1800’lü yılların sonunda gerçekleştirilen gezinin yöntemi ve içeriği geziyi de dönüştürmüştür. Bu sayede yazar Bursa’nın en ücra kasabalarının 19. yüzyıldaki yansımalarını yakalayabilmiştir. Yazarın gezi yöntemi olarak bisikleti tercih etmesi, metnin ayrıntılarını seçimde temel odak noktası olmuştur. Bursa üzerine yazılan gezi metinleri arasında en ayrıntılı bakışlardan birinin İbnülcemal Ahmet Tevfik’e ait olduğu görülmektedir. Bununla beraber Velosipet İle Bir Cevelân, özellikle üslup ve anlatım teknikleriyle incelenmesi gereken edebî bir gezi metnidir. Yazar metninde kullandığı tekniklerle kurgusal metinlere yaklaşmış, bununla beraber merkezini geziden hiç ayırmamıştır. Yazar gezi edebiyatı için öngörülü bir atılımla pek çok anlatım metodunu gezi edebiyatı dairesinde yeniden yorumlamış ve okurun dikkatine sunmuştur. Çalışmada ayrıca orijinal metin ve düzeltilmiş metin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir.
“DANGALAK” SÖZCÜĞÜ ÜZERİNE
Authors: Özyaşamış Şakar Sezer
Published: July 2024

Sözcükler dilin doğasından ötürü tarihsel süreç içerisinde ses ve anlam bakımından değişir. Toplumsal ve kültürel değişiklikler, dil içi ve dil dışı etkenler kimi sözcüklerin temel anlamlarının zayıflamasına bunların yeni yan anlamlar kazanmasına sebep olur. Anlam bilimi kapsamında sözcükler bazen iyi yönde anlam iyileşmesine bazen de yozlaşma, bozulma ile anlam kötüleşmesine uğrar. Taŋ’dan türemiş olan dangalak da anlam kötüleşmesine uğramış sözcüklerden birisidir. Taŋ sözcüğünün zaman içerisinde ses, yapı ve anlam değişikliğine uğraması sonucu dangalak biçimi ortaya çıkmıştır. İlk olarak Eski Uygur Türkçesinde görülen taŋ sözcüğü Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerinde “olağanüstü, şaşırtıcı, hayret verici; tuhaf, acayip; hayret, şaşkınlık; mucize; tatlı, leziz, nefis, hoş” anlamlarını karşılamıştır. Eski Türkiye Türkçesinde taŋ ve daŋ biçimleriyle görülür. Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerinde taŋ sözcüğünden türemiş birçok ad ve birleşik fiil kullanılmıştır.
Bu çalışmada taŋ sözcüğü ve türevlerinin Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerinden bugüne hangi anlamlarla kullanıldığı; dangalak sözcüğünün kökeni, sözcüğün hangi kaynaklarda geçtiği ve anlam bilimi açısından durumu ele alınmıştır.
Taŋ ~ daŋ ad kökünden türeyen dangalak sözcüğü ilk olarak Osmanlı Türkçesi döneminde ortaya çıkmıştır. Kaynak eserlerde bu sözcüğün ait olduğu dil ve köken bilgisi konusunda farklı görüşler bulunur. Dangalak sözcüğünün Türkçe olduğu; taŋ ~ daŋ “hayret, şaşkınlık, şaşma” +a+lak biçiminde ortaya çıktığı düşünülmektedir. Dangalak sözcüğü bugün ölçünlü Türkiye Türkçesinde, Türkiye Türkçesinin ağızlarında ve argoda “akılsız, düşüncesiz kimse, şaşkın, bilgiçlik taslayan, kalın kafalı, aptal, kaba, budala, patavatsız kimse” anlamları ile kullanılmaktadır.
FUZÛLÎ’NİN LEYLÂ VÜ MECNÛN MESNEVİSİNDEKİ “EYLE SER-MESTEM Kİ…” GAZELİNE YAZILAN MUSAMMAT VE NAZİRELER
Authors: Kayaokay İlyas
Published: July 2024

16. asrın zirve şahsiyetlerinden Fuzûlî-i Bağdadî’nin (1483-1556), Divan’ı kadar Leylâ vü Mecnûn mesnevisi de edebiyatımıza büyük etki etmiştir. Mesnevinin kendisi gibi içerisinde yer alan bazı şiirler, asırlarca sevilerek okunmuş ve çeşitli formlarda da bestelenmiştir. Bilhassa aşk karşısındaki çâresizliği, hayranlık ve hayreti en samimi şekilde Mecnûn’un lisanından duyduğumuz “eyle ser-mestem ki idrâk etmezem dünyâ nedür” mısraıyla başlayan gazel, kanaatimizce mesneviyi gölgede bırakacak kadar hissiyatlı bir gazeldir. Leylâ ile Mecnûn’un 2658-2662 no’lu beyitleri arasında bulunan beş beyitlik mezkûr gazel, çeşitli şiir mecmualarına alınmış, 16. asırdan 21. asra kadar onlarca şair tarafından tanzir, tazmin ve tahmis gibi musammatlar yazılmıştır. Fuzûlî’nin adı geçen gazeline Şeyh Gâlib, Baba Tâhir, Şeref Hanım, Abdî, Emrî Murad ve Sipâhî olmak üzere altı şair tahmis, Âkif’ ise tesdis yazmıştır. 16. asırdan Usûlî ve Bağdatlı Rûhî, 17. asırdan Kâşif Es‘ad, 18. asırdan Âsaf, 19. asırdan Sutûrî, Ahmed Cezbî, Musâ Kâzım, Şeref Hanım, Abdî, Yenişehirli Avnî, Nâmık Kemâli Ahmed Kâmil ve Alî Emîrî, 20. asırdan Mestî ve Muhyiddin Râif de bu gazeli tanzir etmiştir.
Bu çalışmada, beş yüzden fazla divan ve şiir mecmuasının taranması neticesinde elde edilen otuz civarında nazire, tesdis ve tahmisin tanıtımı yapılmıştır. Zemin gazelin Fuzûlî’ye ait olup olmadığı ve başka nazire kollarının teşekkül edip etmediği soruları da yapılan mukayeselerle cevap bulmuştur. Fuzûlî’nin bu gazeli özelinde, onun klâsik edebiyatımıza tesiri ile nazire geleneğinin işlev ve önemine dikkat çekilerek alana katkı sunulmuştur.
Recent Advances In Interventional Pain Management
Authors: Ratri Dwi Indriani  , Dedi Susila  , Muzaiwirin  , Muhammad Ainur Rosyid Ridho  , Abdurrahman
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Due to limited access to therapy, 60 million individuals worldwide suffer from chronic pain, with a frequency of 20–25% in some nations. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately affected by this condition. The yearly cost of diabetes, cancer, and heart disease—including medical expenses, lost productivity, and disability programs—is less than that of pain complaints. Pain management techniques, the most recent discoveries in pain research, and the most recent advancements in pain therapy technology can work together to reduce the prevalence of chronic pain and lessen the financial burden that comes with pain syndrome. Objective: To determine the extent to which the latest technological developments in interventional pain management to personalized treatment techniques according to patient complaints and conditions. The scope of technological development here is not only pain intervention techniques but also advances in understanding the pathophysiology of pain, nerve and tissue regeneration, as well as the modalities of technology used for pain interventions. Review: By conducting literature searches including journals, systematic reviews, library surveys, and case reports from the last 10 years on the latest interventional pain management techniques and serial cases. Summary: Many new minimally invasive pain intervention techniques have been developed and used in the treatment of chronic pain within the past 10 years. The necessity for standardization of processes, safety, efficacy, cost, and accessibility to new technology and techniques are among the issues and debates surrounding technical advancements and strategies for managing chronic pain. Intervention pain management techniques have grown in importance as a less intrusive method of treating chronic pain. For optimal outcomes, used in conjunction with other pain management modalities such as medication, physical therapy, cognitive behavioral change therapy, and others.
Randomized Controlled Study: Comparing the Effectiveness of iSCOPE 3 and AirTraq Video Laryngoscope Examinations in Patients Undergoing Tracheal Intubation
Authors: Parveen Sania , Ahmed Syed Moied , Khan Mohd Najmul Aqib
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Nowadays, indirect laryngoscopy is a commonly used technique for teaching airway control skills. Incorporating small, less expensive, and yet more reliable video cameras into laryngoscopes has given the process of laryngoscopy and intubation, a big leap. The AirTraq has shown promise in several settings, while the iSCOPE 3 video laryngoscope is a newly launched device, and no literature is available to our understanding. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the iSCOPE 3 video laryngoscope with the AirTraq optical laryngoscope. Material and Method: It was a randomized controlled study conducted among sixty patients after approval from the Board of Study and ethical clearance, divided into two groups. In Group AT, patients were intubated with AirTraq, and in Group IS, patients were intubated with iSCOPE 3 as per the protocol. The primary outcome metric was the duration of tracheal intubation. Secondary outcomes were measured by the quantity of tries and intubation ease, glottic view or percentage of the glottic opening score (POGO), and Cormack & Lehane grade. Results: In the iSCOPE 3 and AirTraq groups, comparable mean intubation times were observed. (19.50 s vs. 19.16 s). The ease of intubation was significantly better with iSCOPE 3 (p< 0.05), single attempt was needed to intubate 96.7% of patients in the iSCOPE 3 group compared to 70% of patients in the AirTraq group (p< 0.05). POGO score and Cormack & Lehane grade were also significantly better with iSCOPE 3 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Pogo and CL grade were better with iSCOPE 3 than AirTraq, and hence the success rate of intubation, number of attempts, and ease of intubation were significantly better with iSCOPE 3.
The promise and challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Large Language Models (AI-LLMs) in obstetric and gynecology
Authors: Gumilar Khanisyah Erza , Tan Ming
Published: July 2024

HIGHLIGHTS
1. The article highlights how Artificial Intelligence with Large Language Models (AI-LLMs) greatly improves diagnosis and treatment personalization in obstetrics & gynecology, and also enhances medical education through interactive simulations and up-to-date learning materials.2. The article also discusses the ethical issues linked to AI, emphasizing the need for cooperation among different stakeholders to use AI responsibly in medicine, focusing on protecting data privacy and minimizing reliance on technology.
 
ABSTRACT
The introduction of Artificial Intelligence through Large Language Models (AI-LLM) into medicine holds great promise for improving patient care and medical education, especially in obstetrics and gynecology. AI-LLM can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficiency by utilizing large medical databases, which is especially useful for dealing with rare diseases that are difficult to document or understand by human practitioners alone. In addition, AI-LLM can provide informed patient care recommendations by analyzing large amounts of data and providing insights based on unique patient profiles, with the added benefit of being accessible 24/7 via the internet. This constant availability ensures that patients receive prompt information and assistance as needed.
In the field of education, AI-LLMs enhance the learning experience by incorporating interactive simulations into the curriculum, improving medical students' and professionals' practical knowledge. They also ensure that educational materials are always up-to-date reflecting the most recent research and worldwide medical standards. This access latest information from global resources helps to bridge the educational gap, making advanced knowledge more accessible to learners regardless of their geographic location.
However, the introduction of AI-LLMs is not without challenges. Ethical issues, such as data privacy and the risk of overreliance on technology, must be addressed. Effective management of these concerns necessitates collaboration among medical professionals, technological experts, academics, hospital committees, and representatives of patients. This multidisciplinary teamwork is vital for upholding ethical norms and preserving patient dignity and respect. AI-LLMs can considerably improve both patient care and medical education in obstetrics and gynecology provided they are appropriately balanced with innovation and ethics.
Acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation after cesarean section
Authors: Usman Fatimah , Sutrisno Muhammad Al Farisi , Effendi Kemas Yusuf , Abadi Adnan , Manan Heriyadi , Amran Rizani , Zulqarnain Iskandar
Published: July 2024

HIGHLIGHTS
1. Acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an uncommon sequela of cesarean section, warranting consideration in instances of persistent uterine bleeding in the puerperium.2. Embolization represents a viable and well-established treatment modality for AVM, providing a safe and efficacious intervention that serves as an alternative, less invasive modality for patients desiring fertility preservation.
 
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To demonstrate that embolization is a viable and well-established treatment for acquired arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), offering a safe and effective, less invasive option for patients seeking to preserve fertility.Case Report: A 20-year-old female experiencing recurrent massive bleeding with a history of previous caesarean section and wound infection resuturing. The transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound showed a hypervascularity in the uterus around the surgical lesion, suggesting a uterine AVM and its confirmed by angiography. The patient underwent a series of uterine artery embolization interventions, which proved to be a successful therapeutic approach. As a result of this treatment modality, not only was the patient's condition effectively resolved, but her fertility was also preserved.Conclusion: Acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an uncommon sequela of cesarean section, warranting consideration in instances of persistent uterine bleeding in the puerperium. Embolization represents a viable and well-established treatment modality for AVM, providing a safe and efficacious intervention that serves as an alternative, less invasive modality for patients desiring fertility preservation.
Body fat percentage and Body Mass Index in association with menstrual irregularities in young adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: De Liyis Bryan Gervais , David George , Gunawan Made Favian Budi
Published: July 2024

HIGHLIGHTS
1. Body fat percentage and BMI were found to be associated with menstrual cycle and menstrual bleeding period.2. The odds of having a prolonged menstrual cycle were increased by a factor of 1.109 with an increase of one unit of body fat percentage, while the odds of having a prolonged menstrual bleeding period was decreased by a factor 0.887 with an increase of one unit of body fat percentage.
 
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Body fat percentage measures overall amount of fat as a proportion of total body weight. Basal metabolic index (BMI) is an unreliable predictor of body fat percentage as excess fat, lean, muscle, or bone density are indifferentiable. However, the relation between body fat percentage and BMI on menstrual characteristics are still unclear. The aim was to compare the correlations between body fat percentage and BMI towards menstrual characteristics.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 211 young adults was taken by means of cluster random sampling. Cross tabulations were performed between variables and Pearson's chi square value were observed. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to observe the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.Results: Body fat percentage was found to be associated with menstrual cycle (p=0.000) and menstrual bleeding period (p=0.000) but not daily pads usage, intermenstrual bleeding, and menstrual pains. Age was found not to correlate with any of the collected menstrual characteristic data. BMI was also found to be associated with menstrual cycle (p=0.008) and menstrual bleeding period (p=0.003). Further analysis showed that a one unit increase of body fat percentage was linearly correlated with increased of menstrual cycle by a factor of 1.109 days (p<0.01) and a decreased of menstrual bleeding period by a factor of 0.887 days (p<0.01).Conclusion: Although both body fat percentage and BMI showed associations with menstrual cycle and menstrual bleeding period, only body fat percentage was linearly correlated with menstrual cycle and menstrual bleeding period.
The role of vitamin D supplementation on levator ani muscle remodeling post-delivery
Authors: Rahajeng  , Zaen Taufik Ali
Published: July 2024

HIGHLIGHTS
1. In pregnant women, vitamin D insufficiency may plays a role in the development of post-delivery illness.2. Vitamin D supplementation is significant in remodeling of post-delivery levator ani muscle.
 
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Vitamin D is considered a crucial vitamin for the restoration of levator ani muscle strength. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between vitamin D and levator ani muscle remodeling in the post-delivery period.Materials and Methods: The literature search was conducted across three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springerlink. Our investigation yielded a total of 2613 studies, out of which 8 studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria and were subsequently included in our study. Among these, 4 studies specifically examined the impact of vitamin D micronutrient status on the levator ani/pelvic muscles during the post-delivery period.Results: The mean maximum contraction strength of the levator ani muscles following the administration of vitamin D supplements was 26.77 ± 7.15 cmH2O. The analysis conducted utilizing a paired t-test yielded a p-value of less than 0.05, indicating statistical significance. Additionally, a coefficient correlation of 0.831 was observed, with a p-value also less than 0.05. The findings of this study indicate a noteworthy correlation between levels of vitamin D and the magnitude of levator ani muscle contractions, as evidenced by a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.05.Conclusion: The administration of vitamin D supplements has been found to play a significant role in the remodeling of the levator ani muscle during the post-delivery period. This is evidenced by the observed increase in strength of the levator ani muscles following vitamin D supplementation.
The Effect of Scan Length on Effective Dose in Emergency Brain CT Scans in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Emekli Emre , Zoroğlu Altınkaya Elif
Published: July 2024

The most significant source of human-made radiation is the radiation generated by techniques used in medicine nowadays. This study aimed to investigate the necessity of repetition of brain CT scans due to trauma in pediatric patients aged 0-6 in the emergency department, evaluate the adequacy of scan lengths, and assess the effect of the presence of a hand in the field of view on effective dose. Fifty-nine patients were evaluated in the study. Patients who underwent scanning beyond the vertex-C2 interval were recorded to have excessive scan length. Secondly, the presence of another person's limb (such as a hand) in the field of view to keep the patients for CT was recorded. Four groups were formed according to these parameters: group 1 (appropriate scan length, no hand), group 2 (appropriate scan length, hand present), group 3 (excessive scan length, no hand), group 4 (excessive scan length, hand present). The rate of images with non-diagnostic quality was determined to be 13.56%, and 54.34% had scan lengths longer than optimal. There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of ED1 and ED2 (p=0.033, p<0.001, respectively). Mean dose values were found to be higher compared to the literature. The analysis of ED values showed that excessive scan length increased the ED, whereas presence of a hand in the field of view did not show a significant difference. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that dose optimization in children is not optimally achieved in our hospital. These findings emphasize the importance of controlling radiation dose in this sensitive patient group.
ФОРМИ ТА ЧИННИКИ РОЗВИТКУ МІЖНАРОДНОГО СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ ТА КИТАЮ
Authors: Дунська А. Р. , Лайбин Сюй
Published: July 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню питань організації міжнародного співробітництва між підприємствами України та Китаю на основі дослідження сучасних тенденцій і змін у світовій економіці. Авторами обґрунтовано, що інтенсифікація конкуренції на світовому ринку не протирічить можливостям міжнародного співробітництва між підприємствами, яке сприяє розширенню доступу підприємств до нових зовнішніх ринків, до ресурсних можливостей, знань та технологій. Такі перспективи спрямовані на посилення конкурентоспроможності кожного підприємства, яке долучається до міжнародного співробітництва. Дослідження ґрунтується на статистичному та монографічному методах. Авторами здійснено статистичний аналіз поточного стану двостороннього торгового співробітництва між Україною та Китаєм, що надало можливість зробити висновок про перспективність міжнародної взаємодії українських підприємств у напряму посилення експорту з високою доданою вартістю. Визначено передумови, що стимулюють розвиток двостороннього співробітництва та деталізовано процес міжнародного співробітництва з виокремленням етапів, зміст яких охоплює необхідність чіткого розуміння спільних цілей, дослідження відповідальності партнерів, налагодження ефективної комунікації та довірчих взаємовідносин, зваженого розподілу ресурсів та контролювання і оцінювання досягнутих на основі двостороннього співробітництва результатів. Реалізація цих етапів сприятиме ефективній співпраці між підприємствами з різних країн. У дослідженні систематизовано організаційні форми, які можуть бути використані для реалізації міжнародного співробітництва між підприємствами України та Китаю, зокрема виділено такі форми як спільні підприємства, ліцензування, аутсорсинг, стратегічні альянси. Визначено напрями економічної діяльності, які отримають вигоди від позитивних результатів співробітництва між підприємствами з двох країн, серед яких розширення ринкових та інноваційних можливостей, оновлення технологій, диверсифікація ризиків, розвиток креативного та підприємницького мислення, що призведе до покращення економічних результатів функціонування підприємств з обох країн.
Digital Skills in Collecting and Interpreting Audit Evidence
Authors: TOFAN Dragoş Ovidiu ,   „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi, Romania, AIRINEI Dinu ,   “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi, Romania
Published: July 2024

The paper proposes a critical analysis of how Robotic Process Automation (RPA) technologies contribute to the performance of financial audit missions, mainly in the phases of evidence collection, classification, and interpretation. As support solutions or even viable options to replace the human factor by automating repetitive and routine tasks and by removing the risk of error specific to such operations, software "robots" have been rapidly and widely adopted in segments of operational flows where the volume of routine processes is high but also time- and money-consuming. Beyond the immediate and measurable benefits through various key performance indicators, the implementation of such systems within organizations – regardless of their nature – raises a rather thorny problem, namely, the need for "retraining" of the professional auditor in the spirit of the new technologies implemented or imperative to be included in their own working tools or in the information systems of the audited entities. The article carries out a realistic evaluation of the main aspects, including of an ethical nature, that digitization through RPA involves and, above all, of the effects that such technologies can have on an essential component of an organization's capital: the human resources.
Avaliação da expansão agropecuária como forma de indicador de degradação ambiental na mesorregião Noroeste do estado de Minas
Authors: dos Santos Arthur Pereira , Tondato Arantes Leticia , de Paula Ana Laura , da Cunha e Silva Darllan Collins
Published: July 2024

In Brazil, there is a need for studies that present subsidiary data to the public authorities and inspection agencies, in order to obtain a less costly and more efficient decision, especially in the Northwest mesoregion of the state of Minas Gerais. Therefore, this study aims to develop an Agricultural Expansion Index (AEI for the 19 municipalities that make up this location, based on validated data from Mapbiomas. The results indicate that 12 municipalities had an increase in the agricultural class compared to the other uses. In relation to the AEI the number of municipalities classified with the highest degree of AEI doubled between 1990 and 2020. Finally, it was noted that the proposed index can be used for spatial-temporal monitoring of the agricultural expansion process in the region, being useful for decision-makers and inspection agencies.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on CO2-Assisted Steamflooding in Ultraheavy Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Bingyan , Liu Pengcheng , Liang Jinzhong , Liu Fengchao
Published: July 2024

Certain ultraheavy oil reservoirs with depths approaching 1000 m feature wide well spacing. After cyclic steam stimulation (CSS), cold oil zones with high residual oil saturation exist between wells. This leads to a high oil saturation at the steam front during the subsequent steamflooding process, which in turn results in a high injection pressure. The simultaneous injection of CO2 and steam into the formation can optimize formation pressure and enhance steam utilization efficiency. A majority of laboratory-based experimental studies have reported favorable outcomes with CO2-assisted steamflooding. However, some field tests of CO2-assisted steamflooding have encountered severe steam channeling problems, resulting in oil recovery and an oil/steam ratio below the expected level. Consequently, this study uses an ultraheavy oil reservoir as a case study and integrates physical simulation with numerical simulation to investigate the impact of CO2-assisted steamflooding on enhanced oil recovery in ultraheavy oil reservoirs. The findings suggest that the beneficial effect of CO2 in reducing oil viscosity and injection pressure plays a significant role in models with smaller thickness, thereby improving oil production rate and recovery factor. However, as the thickness of the model increases, the adverse effect of CO2 exacerbating steam channeling becomes increasingly evident, leading to a decline in the oil recovery factor and a longer duration to reach the maximum recovery factor. Therefore, in field applications, it is essential to consider adjusting the CO2 injection method or using thermosetting plugging agents to achieve superior results.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Negatively Affects Sexual Function and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Syrian Women: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Alshiekh Ali , Hadakie Rana , Alkurdi M Fadi , sukkar Luna , Alhalabi Marwan , Hamed Hamoud
Published: July 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age worldwide, and its related features like obesity, mental health issues and hyperandrogenism may contribute to inadequately investigated health problems such as sexual dysfunction (SD) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Therefore, this study examined the impact of PCOS on sexual function (SF) and lower urinary tract in Syrian women by recruiting a total of 178 women of reproductive age, of whom 88 were diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria and 90 without PCOS were considered as the control group. Female sexual function index (FSFI) and Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Questionnaire (BFLUTS) were used to assess SF and LUTS respectively. PCOS group had higher SD prevalence compared to control group (65.9% vs 48.9%, p = 0.016), and BMI showed an inverse correlation with the total FSFI score in PCOS group (p = 0.027, r= -0.235). Furthermore, PCOS group exhibited significantly lower scores in orgasm and satisfaction subdomains. Additionally, PCOS patients had significantly higher total BFLUTS score compared to control group (median 8 vs 5, p = 0.025). Thus, PCOS may be related to SD and LUTS, highlighting the importance of evaluating SF and urinary symptoms in PCOS patients.
Study on the regulatory effect of Ligusticum chuanxiong on inflammation of human dermal papilla cells in alopecia areata based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiment
Authors: Wang Pu , Pan Suyue , Huang Qiao , Hu Min , Li Weijia , Peng Yi , Liu Lingyu , Jiang Qianfan , Qi Jiahui , He Yuqing
Published: July 2024

Ligusticum chuanxiong (CX) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating alopecia areata (AA). This study explored the molecular mechanism of CX active components for treating AA. In our study, we identified 13 potential targets of CX for treating AA. These targets include IL6, IL1B, IL10, IFNG, CCL2, TNF, INS, IL4, CRP, TGFB1, ALB, TP53, and BDNF.GO analysis identified 2014 meaningful items. Enriched pathways included JAK-STAT and others related to AA pathogenesis. The molecular docking results indicate that BDNF binds strongly with Thymol, the binding activity being -7.2 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics simulations showed a good binding capacity between Thymol and BDNF. The CCK8 results indicated that thymol positively affects hDPCs by reducing the inhibitory effect of interferon-γ. According to RT-PCR results, it was found that thymol can inhibit inflammatory cytokines in hair follicle (HF) cells. The Western blot assay results showed that Thymol decreased key protein expression in the JAK-STAT signalling pathway, which is linked to AA. Through network pharmacology, molecular verification and cell experiments, we preliminarily confirmed the potential mechanism of thymol in treating the AA cell model.
Enhancing Multi-Step Brent Oil Price Forecasting with Ensemble Multi-Scenario Bi-GRU Networks
Authors: Alruqimi Mohammed , Persio Luca Di
Published: July 2024

Despite numerous research efforts in applying deep learning to time series forecasting, achieving high accuracy in multi-step predictions for volatile time series like crude oil prices remains a significant challenge. Moreover, most existing approaches primarily focus on one-step forecasting, and the performance often varies depending on the dataset and specific case study. In this paper, we introduce an ensemble model to capture Brent oil price volatility and enhance the multi-step prediction. Our methodology employs a two-pronged approach. First, we assess popular deep-learning models and the impact of various external factors on forecasting accuracy. Then, we introduce an ensemble multi-step forecasting model for Brent oil prices. Our approach generates accurate forecasts by employing ensemble techniques across multiple forecasting scenarios using three BI-GRU networks. Extensive experiments were conducted on a dataset encompassing the COVID-19 pandemic period, which had a significant impact on energy markets. The proposed model's performance was evaluated using the standard evaluation metrics of MAE, MSE, and RMSE. The results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms benchmark and established models.
Factors Associated with Completion and Improvement Following Integrative Oncology Acutherapy in a Racially-Diverse Population
Authors: Zelaya María Grosso , Nicaise Edouard H. , Hartsoe Blaise , Melikian Margarite , Catic Almira , Patil Dattatraya , Ben-Arye Eran , Bausum Anna , Master Viraj A.
Published: July 2024

Background
Acutherapy is an important integrative therapy in oncology settings as an adjunctive management option for cancer-related adverse effects. However, barriers to utilization of acupuncture in minority populations have been reported. This study sought to assess factors that impact completion of a recommended acutherapy regimen in a racially diverse cohort of cancer patients, along with determining the usefulness of functioning and well-being questionnaires in evaluating acupuncture outcomes.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled 432 patients who completed at least one acutherapy visit from the Integrative Oncology Program at the Winship Cancer Institute. Demographic characteristics were collected. PROMIS-29 questionnaire was administered at baseline and follow-up to measure patient-reported outcomes across domains of functioning and well-being. Logistic regression models were created to examine factors associated with regimen completion among all patients, and domain improvement among patients with reported symptoms following regimen completion.
Results
There were 432 patients included: 153 (35.1%) attended 8 or more sessions. Multivariable logistic regression showed that non-white race (OR 0.63; p = 0.047) and active treatment status (OR 0.54; p = 0.005) were associated with decreased adherence to the recommended acutherapy regimen. No differences in rate of posttreatment improvement were observed across race or cancer status. Non-white patients had greater moderate/severe scores in the domains of physical functioning (baseline: 54.2% vs. 32.4%; p = 0.019 | posttreatment: 50.0% vs. 18.1%; p < .001) and pain interference (baseline: 34.3% vs. 62.5%; p = 0.005 | posttreatment: 60.4% vs. 27.6%; p = 0.001). Additional analyses suggest obesity and delay in treatment cadence were factors associated with any improvement of PROMIS-29 domains after regimen completion.
Conclusions
Race and active cancer treatment were notable barriers to completing a recommended acutherapy regimen. Although effective in managing cancer-related symptoms, non-white patients faced greater impairment in physical functioning, social participation, and pain interference. Future efforts to address these disparities and ensure appropriate schedule adherence can maximize the benefit of acutherapy among cancer patients.
Failed/difficult Intubation Comparing between Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 Pandemic Period using A National Insurance Claims Database and Information System of a University Hospital
Authors: Prathep Sumidtra , Geater Alan , Sripl Hutcha , Kumwichar Ponlagrit , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Endotracheal intubation can be difficult or even fail under certain patient and intubator conditions. During the COVID-19 pandemic a country-wide lockdown policy was enforced in Thailand which stipulated that intubators wear personal protective equipment, powered air purifying respirator, or goggles and surgical/N95 mask during the intubation procedure. Thus clad, an intubator’s vision is restricted and grip on the equipment less sure. Under these conditions, the incidence of difficult intubation was expected to increase.
Methods
This time-series study was based on the aggregated age- and sex-standardized monthly incidence of difficult intubation among all intubated patients whose data were recorded in the national insurance claims database and among patients recorded in the records of a university hospital from January 2018 to September 2022. Changes in incidence of difficult intubation following the implementation of a lockdown policy from 26 March 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic were explored using negative binomial regression and interrupted linear regression time-series analysis.
Results
Data of 922,274 individuals in the national database and 95,457 individuals in the university database were retrieved. The overall incidence of difficult intubation in both settings dropped by 25% following lockdown, significantly so in the national database (p < 0.001). Slight increasing and decreasing trends pre- and post-lockdown were not significant.
Discussion
The decreased incidence of difficult intubation during the lockdown period was contrary to expectation but might be related to the deployment solely of anaesthesiologists and more experienced anaesthetic staff using videolaryngoscopes during lockdown following the recommendation for intubation during respiratory disease pandemics.
Alkaline pretreatment of food waste with grass clippings for the enhancement of methane production in anaerobic digestion processes
Authors: GUERI MATHEUS VITOR DINIZ , Buratto William Gouvêa , Nied Ademir , Schirmer Waldir Nagel , Frare Laercio Mantovani , Furtado Andreia Cristina
Published: July 2024

The proper management of solid urban waste is essential to avoid the contamination of natural resources and greenhouse gas emissions. In Brazil, approximately 50% of municipal solid waste is made up of food and garden waste. Anaerobic co-digestion can convert this waste into energy and biofertilizer, but hydrolysis of the lignocellulosic components is a barrier and pre-treatment is necessary. This study sought to identify the biochemical methane potential of the co-digestion of food waste with garden waste (grass clippings) subjected to alkaline hydrolysis. 3% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (wet state) was added to the grass clippings for 12, 24 and 48 hours. The biochemical methane potential tests followed the recommendations of the German standard VDI 4630 (2006) for 31 days at a mesophilic temperature (37 ºC ± 1). Total and volatile solids, chemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total organic carbon, carbon/nitrogen ratio, carbohydrates, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were analyzed. The samples followed a ratio of ≤ 0.5 with the inoculum and 1:1 for substrate and cosubstrate (on VS basis). The results showed that the co-digestion of food waste with grass clippings was advantageous due to the balance of nutrients, raising the carbon/nitrogen ratio 21 to 25. The greatest generation of biogas and methane was seen in the co-digestion 12h sample, which showed the greatest reduction in solids. Alkaline hydrolysis was efficient, reducing the lignin content by 40.95% and increasing the substrate conversion and
maximum production rates by an average of 1.25 and 1.05 times. The improvement in the digestibility of food waste co-digestion samples with NaOH pre-treated grass clippings was evident in all configurations. It was possible to conclude that grass clippings subjected to pre-treatment with 3% of NaOH for 12 hours are recommended as a co-substrate with food waste, due to the improvement observed in methane generation.