bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neutral physical compact spherically symmetric stars with non-exotic matters in Einstein’s cluster model using Weitzenböck geometry
Authors: Nashed G. G. L. , Abebe Amare , Bamba Kazuharu
Published: December 2020

We revisit the neutral (uncharged) solutions that describe Einstein’s clusters with matters in the frame of Weitzenböck geometry. To this end, we use a tetrad field with non-diagonal spherical symmetry which gives vanishing of the off-diagonal components of the gravitational field equations. The cluster solutions are calculated by using an anisotropic energy–momentum tensor. We solve the field equations using two novel assumptions. First, we use an equation of state that relates density with tangential pressure, and then we assume a specific form of one of the metric potentials in addition to the assumption of the vanishing of radial pressure to make the system of differential equations in a closed-form. The resulting solutions are coincide with the literature $$ however \, \,in\, \,this\, \,study\, \,we\, \,constrain\,\, the\,\, constants \, \,of\, \, integration\, \, from\, \, \,the\, \, matching\,\, of\, \,boundary $$

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$$ condition\, \, in a\,\, way \,\,different\,\, from\,\, that\,\, presented \,\,in \,\,the\,\, literature. $$

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Among many things presented in this study, we investigate the static stability specification and show that our model is consistent with a real compact start except that the tangential pressure has a vanishing value at the center of the star which is not accepted from the physical viewpoint of a real compact star. We conclude that the model that has vanishing radial pressure in the frame of Einstein’s theory is not a physical model. Therefore, we extend this study and derive a new compact star without assuming the vanishing of the redial pressure but instead we assume new form of the metric potentials. We repeat our procedure done in the case of vanishing radial pressure and show in details that the new compact star is more realistic from different physical viewpoints of real compact stellar.
Relativistic Langevin dynamics: charm versus beauty
Authors: Li Shuang , Xiong Wei , Wan Renzhuo
Published: December 2020

The production of heavy quarks (charm and beauty) provides unique insights into the transport properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions. Experimentally, the nuclear modification factor $$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$$

R
AA

and the azimuthal anisotropy coefficient $$v_{\mathrm{2}}$$

v
2

of heavy-flavor mesons are powerful observables to study the medium-related effects, such as energy loss and collectivity, on the heavy quark propagation through the QGP evolution. The latest measurements of the prompt and non-prompt open heavy-flavor hadrons allow a systematic comparison of the transport behaviors probed by charm and beauty quarks. In this work we make such an attempt utilizing our recently developed framework. By performing a quantitative investigation of $$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$$

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AA

and $$v_{\mathrm{2}}$$

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2

, it is found that both charm and beauty quarks are efficient probes to capture the dynamical features of QGP, in particular the resulting mass hierarchy for the energy loss and azimuthal anisotropy, which are well inherited by the various D/B-meson species. Moreover, our calculations can describe simultaneously $$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$$

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AA

and $$v_{\mathrm{2}}$$

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2

data for the prompt and non-prompt $$D^{0}$$

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0

mesons in central ($$0-10\%$$

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) and semi-central ($$30-50\%$$

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) Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02~{\mathrm{TeV}}$$

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TeV

. The predictions for B-meson observables for upcoming experimental tests are also made down to the low momentum region.
SD-pair shell model: Vibrational and rotational limits in the interacting boson–fermion model for like-nucleon system
Authors: He B. C. , Zhang Y. , Li L. , Luo Y. A. , Pan F. , Draayer J. P.
Published: December 2020

Typical features of the Bose–Fermi symmetries associated with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] limits in the interacting boson model are described in the SD-pair shell model (SDPSM) framework for like-nucleon system. It is found that the limiting spectra associated with [Formula: see text] (vibrational) and [Formula: see text] (rotational) in the interacting boson–fermion model can be well reproduced in the SDPSM framework. It is shown that coupling of collective degree of freedom with the single-particle degree of freedom in the pairing interaction almost has no effect on the spectrum of odd-A system comparing to the adjacent even–even system, while the coupling of the collective degree of freedom with the single-particle degree of freedom in the quadrupole–quadrupole interaction results in the level splitting of several excited levels.
Fast Calculation of Far-Field Sound Directivity Based on Fast Multipole Boundary Element Method
Authors: Masumoto Takayuki , Yasuda Yosuke , Inoue Naohisa , Sakuma Tetsuya
Published: December 2020

A fast method for calculating sound radiation/reflection directivities at high resolution in the infinite far field is proposed with the use of the fast multipole boundary element method (FMBEM). This method calculates directivities using direction-dependent coefficients called outgoing coefficients, which are obtained in the calculation process of the matrix-vector products in the FMBEM. Since the outgoing coefficients are generally calculated for a large number of directions high-resolution directivities can be easily obtained with extremely small computational cost and minor modifications in the FMBEM program codes. It is confirmed via comparison with the numerical results using the conventional method that the proposed method can calculate directivities at infinity. Numerical results also show that the computational time for the proposed method is significantly shorter than that for the conventional method with no addition of the required memory.
Sound Field Modeling with Bottom Reflective Parameters (P,Q) Based on Parabolic Equation
Authors: Zhang C. J. , WU J. R. , Zhao Z. D. , Ma L. , Shang E. C.
Published: December 2020

Acoustical properties of the sea bottom can be described using geoacoustic (GA) models. Most existing propagation models use GA parameters as the bottom properties. It is difficult to obtain GA parameters for a layered bottom because of inter parameter coupling. These problems can be solved by inverting the model-independent reflective parameters P and Q. For a multilayered bottom, a sound field computation model, RamPQ, is developed using the mapping of GA and (P, Q) spaces. The mean square error of the transmission loss in numerical simulations and experimental data for low-frequency sound propagation are employed to validate RamPQ and demonstrate the performance of the model.
Collating European data on geological events in submerged areas: examples of correlation and interpretation from Italian seas
Authors: Battaglini Loredana , D'Angelo Silvana , Fiorentino Andrea
Published: December 2020

The European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Project provides freely available data on European seas. The main purpose of EMODnet is to overcome the fragmentation and dishomogeneity of the available data, providing access to a harmonized and interoperable database. The EMODnet Geology Lot includes information at multiple scales on the seabed and its substrate (
http://www.emodnet-geology.eu/
). The dataset on ‘Geological events and probabilities’ collects information on landslides, earthquakes, volcanic structures, active tectonics, tsunamis and fluid emissions. The Geological Survey of Italy, which coordinates the collation of ‘Geological events and probabilities’ data, provided guidelines to compile layers complemented by comprehensive and detailed patterns of attributes for each feature in order to characterize each type of geological event. Occurrences of events are often associated with each other, particularly in tectonically active areas. Geological events affect both submerged and coastal environments. Data gathered by EMODnet Geology provide a good basis for further studies, contributing to the outlining of different tectonic settings and providing support to the use of marine resources, as well as to the management of marine-coastal areas particularly regarding the identification and assessment of geological and environmental hazards.
Current Status of and Perspectives on the Application of Marmosets in Neurobiology
Authors: Okano Hideyuki
Published: December 2020

The common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus), a small New World primate, is receiving substantial attention in the neuroscience and biomedical science fields because its anatomical features, functional and behavioral characteristics, and reproductive features and its amenability to available genetic modification technologies make it an attractive experimental subject. In this review, I outline the progress of marmoset neuroscience research and summarize both the current status (opportunities and limitations) of and the future perspectives on the application of marmosets in neuroscience and disease modeling.
Pathogenesis of Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro M. , Olaizola Paula , Paiva Nuno A. , Olaizola Irene , Agirre-Lizaso Alona , Landa Ana , Bujanda Luis , Perugorria Maria J. , Banales Jesus M.
Published: December 2020

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) encompasses a group of malignancies that can arise at any point in the biliary tree. Although considered a rare cancer, the incidence of CCA is increasing globally. The silent and asymptomatic nature of these tumors, particularly in their early stages, in combination with their high aggressiveness, intra- and intertumor heterogeneity, and chemoresistance, significantly compromises the efficacy of current therapeutic options, contributing to a dismal prognosis. During the last few years, increasing efforts have been made to unveil the etiologies and pathogenesis of these tumors and to develop more effective therapies. In this review, we summarize current findings in the field of CCA, mainly focusing on the mechanisms of pathogenesis, cells of origin, genomic and epigenetic abnormalities, molecular alterations, chemoresistance, and therapies.
The Causes of Populism in the West
Authors: Berman Sheri
Published: December 2020

The global ascendance of populism has produced an explosion of research, bringing together scholarship on American and comparative politics as well as encouraging intellectual exchange among political scientists, economists, and sociologists. A good way to get a handle on what is now a wide-ranging and interdisciplinary literature is to focus on the key debates characterizing it. This article reviews the literature on the causes of populism, and in particular right-wing populism, in the United States, Europe, and other advanced industrial nations generally, but much of this literature draws on and refers to research on other parts of the world as well. This review analyzes the nature as well as the strengths and weakness of demand- and supply-side explanations of populism, economic grievance–based and sociocultural grievance–based explanations of populism, and structure- and agency-based explanations of populism.
Spinal cord injury and vascular function: evidence from diameter-matched vessels
Authors: Venturelli Massimo , Amann Markus , Trinity Joel D. , Ives Stephen J. , Richardson Russell S.
Published: December 2020

This study examined the effect of a spinal cord injury (SCI) and subsequent limb disuse on vascular function, assessed by %FMD, in diameter-matched vessels above and below the lesion in subjects with SCI and controls. The results reveal normal vascular function above the lesion and vascular dysfunction below the lesion (%FMD). However, below the lesion there was, actually, evidence of increased vascular responsiveness (%FMD/shear rate) in this population.
Reducing intracranial pressure by reducing central venous pressure: assessment of potential countermeasures to spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome
Authors: Hansen Alexander B. , Lawley Justin S. , Rickards Caroline A. , Howden Erin J. , Sarma Satyam , Cornwell William K. , Amin Sachin B. , Mugele Hendrik , Marume Kyohei , Possnig Carmen , Whitworth Louis A. , Williams Michael A. , Levine Benjamin D.
Published: December 2020

Spaceflight causes pathological changes in the eye that may be due to the absence of gravitational unloading of intracranial pressure (ICP) under microgravity conditions commonly referred to as spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), whereby countermeasures aimed at lowering ICP are necessary. These data show that impedance threshold breathing acutely reduces ICP via a reduction in central venous pressure (CVP). Whereas, acute thigh cuff inflation, a popular known spaceflight-associated countermeasure, had little effect on ICP and CVP.
Sympathetic and sensory-motor nerves in peripheral small arteries
Authors: Aalkjær Christian , Nilsson Holger , De Mey Jo G. R.
Published: December 2020

Small arteries, which play important roles in controlling blood flow, blood pressure, and capillary pressure, are under nervous influence. Their innervation is predominantly sympathetic and sensory motor in nature, and while some arteries are densely innervated, others are only sparsely so. Innervation of small arteries is a key mechanism in regulating vascular resistance. In the second half of the previous century, the physiology and pharmacology of this innervation were very actively investigated. In the past 10-20 yr, the activity in this field was more limited. With this review we highlight what has been learned during recent years with respect to development of small arteries and their innervation, some aspects of excitation-release coupling, interaction between sympathetic and sensory-motor nerves, cross talk between endothelium and vascular nerves, and some aspects of their role in vascular inflammation and hypertension. We also highlight what remains to be investigated to further increase our understanding of this fundamental aspect of vascular physiology.
Influence of “X” Fracture, Confining Pressure, and Temperature on Rock Masses’ Failure Process
Authors: Chen Yunjuan , Jing Yi , Yin Yanchun , Yin Fuqiang , Zhao Chenglong
Published: December 2020

Based on the similarity theory, sandstone was taken as the prototype, and rock‐like specimens were made with the strength ratio of 1 : 1. Single “X” fracture and double “X” fractures were prefabricated in rock‐like specimen, and crack propagation was studied through the compressive test. An improved discontinuous deformation analysis method (DDARF) was adopted to simulate on the cracking process. Further, other factors should not be ignored such as confining pressure and temperature, which were considered: rock’s crack propagations under loading and unloading with different confining pressures were studied; influences of temperature from 20°C to 300°C on crack propagation were analyzed.
Calculation of Electric Field on Substation Equipment considering AC Ion Flow Field
Authors: Tian Xiaoyun , Lan Zhijun , Huo Feng , Huang Zhi , Huang Shilong , Ding Yujian , Geng Jianghai , Yan Xiaoliang , Liu Yunpeng
Published: December 2020

With the increase of voltage levels in substation corona discharge on the surface of high voltage conductors and equipment in substations becoming more and more severe, the influence on the electromagnetic environment around substations is becoming more and more obvious. In order to study the influence of corona discharge on the ground electric field under substation equipment in AC substations, this paper proposes an improved method based on Abdel-Salam’s calculation of the ion flow field on AC power lines. By redefining the criterion of corona onset and the amount of emission charge and combining with the migration, motion, and recombination of the space charge, a new model which can be applied to the calculation of AC ion flow field electric field of multiphase bundle conductors in substations is established. The calculation results of the ground power frequency electric field of the conductor at the typical tower in the light, medium, and heavy ice regions of 750 kV typical AC transmission project show that the ground electric field gradually decreases with the increase of conductor height. At the same conductor height, the ground electric field strength in the heavy ice region is the largest, while under the conductor in a light ice region, it is the smallest, and the minimum allowable conductor-to-ground distance can be concluded that the national standard limit value is not exceeded when the conductor-to-ground distance in light ice region is 24.5 m, the conductor-to-ground distance in medium ice region is 25.5 m, and the conductor-to-ground distance in heavy ice region is 26 m.
Material Basis of the Difference between Hedysari Radix and Honey‐Processed Hedysari Radix in Buzhong Yiqi
Authors: Niu Jiang-tao , Cao Rui , Si Xin-lei , Bian Tian-tian , Xin Er-dan , Li Yue-feng , Yan Xing-ke
Published: December 2020

Objective. To compare the changes of chemical components of Hedysari Radix (HR) before and after honey‐processing, and to explore the material basis of the difference between HR and honey‐processed Hedysari Radix (HPHR) in Buzhong Yiqi. Methods. Different compounds in aqueous extracts of HR and HPHR were analysed by UPLC‐MS. A rat model of spleen qi deficiency was established. The rats were treated with different doses of water extracts of HR or HPHR, and pathological differences in spleen tissue, serum levels of D‐xylose, gastrin (GAS) and amylase (AMS) interleukin‐2 (IL)‐2 and tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), as well as spleen and thymus indices, were used as indicators. Differences in the efficacy of HR and HPHR in Buzhong Yiqi were studied. Results. The research showed that compared with the blank group, the spleen tissue of rats in the model group showed spleen tissue damage, which mainly manifested as unclear boundaries between red pulp and white pulp, irregular spleen morphology and irregular arrangement, and the structure of white pulp destruction, less lymphocytes, the number of germinal centers decreased or atrophied. Compared with the model group, the middle and high dose groups of HR and HPHR had protective effects on spleen tissue of spleen‐qi deficiency rats, and HPHR had a stronger effect; compared with those in the model group, rats in each treatment group showed remarkably higher serum D‐xylose, GAS and AMS levels and thymus and spleen indices, and remarkably lower serum IL‐2 and TNF‐α levels, among which HPHR group showed better regulation effect than HR group. A total of 16 differential compounds were found in the aqueous extracts of HR and HPHR, of which 10 compounds in HPHR were up regulated, while 6 compounds were down regulated compare to HR. Conclusion. The results indicated that both HR and HPHR can improve spleen qi deficiency syndrome of rats, the pharmacodynamic effect of the latter was better than the former. Differences in components of HR and HPHR potentially leading to variations in efficacy.
The Effect of Online Investor Sentiment on Stock Movements: An LSTM Approach
Authors: Wang Gaoshan , Yu Guangjin , Shen Xiaohong
Published: December 2020

With more and more investors exerting their voices through network forums or social media platforms, the relationships between online investor sentiment and stock movements have drawn more and more attention. In this paper, we crawl stock comments from China’s most popular online stock forum, East Money (www.eastmoney.com), and then develop a sentiment classifier using the LSTM method. Using the online investor sentiment of the stock forum, we explore the effect of online investor sentiment on the stock movements of CSI300. The results show that online investor sentiment has a significant positive impact on both stock return and trading volume and remains significant after controlling book-to-market ratio, BETA, and market value. Moreover, investor sentiment has a significant positive impact on order imbalance of big trade, which represents the main flow of money in the market. As a result, investor sentiment has a positive impact on the major fund flows in the market. In other words, an increase in investor sentiment can boost the major money flows in the market to some extent. From a practical point of view, investor sentiment can assist investors to make investment decisions and help the government to regulate the stock market.
Effects of Geometrical Parameters in Gravitational Water Vortex Turbines with Conical Basin
Authors: Bajracharya Tri Ratna , Shakya Shree Raj , Timilsina Ashesh Babu , Dhakal Jhalak , Neupane Subash , Gautam Ankit , Sapkota Anil
Published: December 2020

Gravitational Water Vortex Power Plant (GWVPP) is an appropriate means to convert kinetic energy of water to rotational mechanical energy at the very low head site. This study aims to establish a basic reference for the design of the runner for the Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine (GWVT) with a conical basin. Seven different geometrical parameters have been identified for runner design, and the effect of these parameters on the system efficiency has been studied numerically and experimentally. The effect of these parameters has been studied over the range of speed with torque. The results from performance tests of these runners suggest that runner height is the most significant parameter to be considered in the design of a turbine runner for GWVPP with a conical basin. The results show that the efficiency of GWVT has improved up to 47.85% as obtained from experiments.
Parathyroid Carcinoma in the Setting of Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cappellacci Federico , Medas Fabio , Canu Gian Luigi , Lai Maria Letizia , Conzo Giovanni , Erdas Enrico , Calò Pietro Giorgio
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Parathyroid carcinoma is one of the rarest cancers in normal population, and it is extremely uncommon in the setting of tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Indeed, only 24 cases have been reported in the literature. Presentation of the Case. We report the case of parathyroid carcinoma in a 51-year-old man, with a history of end-stage renal disease due to a horseshoe kidney treated with haemodialysis since 2013. He came to our attention due to an increase in calcium and parathyroid hormone serum levels. Neck ultrasound (US) showed a solid hypodense mass, probably the right inferior parathyroid gland, with an estimated size of 25 × 15 × 13 mm; the 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT scan revealed a large radiotracer activity area in the right cervical region, compatible with a hyperfunctioning right inferior parathyroid gland. So, a tertiary hyperparathyroidism diagnosis was made. In April 2018, resection of three parathyroid glands was performed. Histopathological examination demonstrated the right inferior parathyroid gland specimen to be a parathyroid carcinoma, due to the presence of multiple, full-thickness, capsular infiltration foci, and a venous vascular invasion focus. Discussion. Diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma in tertiary hyperparathyroidism is remarkably complex because of the lack of clinical diagnostic criteria and, in many cases, is made postoperatively at histopathological examination. Conclusion. To date, radical surgery represents the mainstay of treatment, with a five- and ten-year survival rates overall acceptable.
Complicated Rheumatoid Nodules in Lung
Authors: Wickrematilake Geetha
Published: December 2020

A 65-year-old nonsmoker lady carrying a diagnosis of seropositive erosive rheumatoid arthritis for nine years presented with acute shortness of breath, following a spontaneous pneumothorax while on combination therapy with methotrexate, leflunomide, and tocilizumab. Imaging studies revealed multiple cavitory lung nodules, and a transbronchial lung biopsy favoured a diagnosis of rheumatoid lung nodules. Her initial pathological samples were negative for any infectious cause. A follow-up computerized tomography scan (CT scan) confirmed enlargement of lung nodules with a positive antibody test for aspergillosis which needed antifungal therapy, and currently, her arthritis is managed well with rituximab therapy, sulfasalazine, and hydroxychloroquine.
Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Columnar Jointed Basalt
Authors: Zhu Shiyi , He Changdi , Peng Fei , Shi Anchi , Yuan Dongyang , Zhang Weikang
Published: December 2020

Columnar jointed basalts (CJB) are featured by the joint network of discontinuities, which is hard for geotechnical design and construction. Therefore, investigating the mechanical behaviors of CJB is significant for the long‐term use of the engineering structures. In this paper, field research studies, such as the rigid bearing plate tests and acoustic tests, were employed, to obtain the deformation modulus and the acoustic velocity of columnar jointed basalts, and the formula expressed by deformation modulus and acoustic velocity was then established, which would be a useful guidance for the site operation. Based on the monitoring and testing data of CJB, several numerical simulation models with different joint angles and weak thickness were built to further discuss the mechanical behaviors of CJB. The numerical simulation results show that the joint angle of 30° ∼ 60° presents weak antipressure abilities, for the shearing slipping force and interformational sliding are remarkable in them. Besides, the small material property difference is helpful for the compressive strength of rock masses. After adopting the most unfavorable joint angle and width to model the tunneling process in CJB, it suggests that it is easily damaged along the directions of rock joints in CJB when constructing in tunnels.
Long Noncoding RNA THAP9‐AS1 and TSPOAP1‐AS1 Provide Potential Diagnostic Signatures for Pediatric Septic Shock
Authors: Wu Yong , Yin Qigai , Zhang Xiaobao , Zhu Pin , Luan Hengfei , Chen Ying
Published: December 2020

Background. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory syndrome caused by infection with a high incidence and mortality. Although long noncoding RNAs have been identified to be closely involved in many inflammatory diseases, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in pediatric septic shock. Methods. We downloaded the mRNA profiles GSE13904 and GSE4607, of which GSE13904 includes 106 blood samples of pediatric patients with septic shock and 18 health control samples; GSE4607 includes 69 blood samples of pediatric patients with septic shock and 15 health control samples. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified through the limma R package; meanwhile, GO terms and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed via the clusterProfiler R package. The protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on the STRING database using the targets of differently expressed lncRNAs. The MCODE plug‐in of Cytoscape was used to screen significant clustering modules composed of key genes. Finally, stepwise regression analysis was performed to screen the optimal lncRNAs and construct the logistic regression model, and the ROC curve was applied to evaluate the accuracy of the model. Results. A total of 13 lncRNAs which simultaneously exhibited significant differences in the septic shock group compared with the control group from two sets were identified. According to the 18 targets of differentially expressed lncRNAs, we identified some inflammatory and immune response‐related pathways. In addition, several target mRNAs were predicted to be potentially involved in the occurrence of septic shock. The logistic regression model constructed based on two optimal lncRNAs THAP9‐AS1 and TSPOAP1‐AS1 could efficiently separate samples with septic shock from normal controls. Conclusion. In summary, a predictive model based on the lncRNAs THAP9‐AS1 and TSPOAP1‐AS1 provided novel lightings on diagnostic research of septic shock.
Vessel Density and Structural Measurements in Primary Angle‐Closure Suspect Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Zha Yi , Chen Juanjuan , Liu Shuyu , Zhuang Jinfei , Cai Jianqiu
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To measure the macular retinal vessel density (VD) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in primary angle‐closure suspects (PACS) by Angio‐OCT to be compared with normal subjects. Methods. Primary angle‐closure suspect patients and normal subjects were enrolled in this study. The demographic and clinical characteristics of all subjects, such as RNFL thickness, retinal vessel density, and ocular perfusion pressure, were compared. Results. No significant difference was found in both groups on age, sex distribution, intraocular pressure (IOP), and retinal vessel density. The PACS group exhibited significantly thicker RNFL thickness compared with the control group. The deep vessel density was negatively associated with age (P = −0.034), while IOP had negative association with ACD (P = −0.019). OPP was independently associated with RNFL (B = 0.334, P = 0.038) in the PACS group. Conclusions. OCTA showed significant thicker change on RNFL in the PACS group. Only OPP was independently associated with RNFL in the PACS group.
Semianalytical Modelling and 2D Numerical Simulation of Low-Frequency Noise in Advanced N-Channel FDSOI MOSFETs
Authors: Boutchacha T. , Ghibaudo G.
Published: December 2020

Thorough investigations of the low-frequency noise (LFN) in a fully depleted silicon-on-insulator technology node have been accomplished, pointing out on the contribution of the buried oxide (BOX) and the Si-BOX interface to the total drain current noise level. A new analytical multilayer gate stack flat-band voltage fluctuation-based model has been established, and 2D numerical simulations have been carried out to identify the main noise sources and related parameters on which the LFN depends. The increase of the noise at strong inversion could be explained by the access resistance contribution to the 1/f noise. Therefore, considering uncorrelated noise sources in the channel and in the source/drain regions, the total low-frequency noise can simply be obtained by adding to the channel noise the contribution of the excess noise originating from the access region (Δr). Moreover, only two fit parameters are used in this work: the trap volumetric density in the BOX, and the 1/f access noise level originating from the access series resistance, which is assumed to be the same for the front and the back interfaces.
Radix Rehmanniae and Corni Fructus against Diabetic Nephropathy via AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Jing , Chen Yuping , Shu Anmei , Lu Jinfu , Du Qiu , Yang Yuwei , Lv Zhiyang , Xu Huiqin
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims. Radix Rehmanniae and Corni Fructus (RC) have been widely applied to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN) for centuries. But the mechanism of how RC plays the therapeutic role against DN is unclear as yet. Methods. The information about RC was obtained from a public database. The active compounds of RC were screened by oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL). Gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed to realize the key targets of RC, and an active compound-potential target network was created. The therapeutic effects of RC active compounds and their key signal pathways were preliminarily probed via network pharmacology analysis and animal experiments. Results. In this study, 29 active compounds from RC and 64 key targets related to DN were collected using the network pharmacology method. The pathway enrichment analysis showed that RC regulated advanced glycosylation end product (AGE-) RAGE and IL-17 signaling pathways to treat DN. The animal experiments revealed that RC significantly improved metabolic parameters, inflammation renal structure, and function to protect the kidney against DN. Conclusions. The results revealed the relationship between multicomponents and multitargets of RC. The administratiom of RC might remit the DM-induced renal damage through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway to improve metabolic parameters and protect renal structure and function.
A Multiscale Chaotic Feature Extraction Method for Speaker Recognition
Authors: Lin Jiang , Yumei Yi , Maosheng Zhang , Defeng Chen , Chao Wang , Tonghan Wang
Published: December 2020

In speaker recognition systems, feature extraction is a challenging task under environment noise conditions. To improve the robustness of the feature, we proposed a multiscale chaotic feature for speaker recognition. We use a multiresolution analysis technique to capture more finer information on different speakers in the frequency domain. Then, we extracted the speech chaotic characteristics based on the nonlinear dynamic model, which helps to improve the discrimination of features. Finally, we use a GMM-UBM model to develop a speaker recognition system. Our experimental results verified its good performance. Under clean speech and noise speech conditions, the ERR value of our method is reduced by 13.94% and 26.5% compared with the state-of-the-art method, respectively.
Nonlinear Static Bending and Free Vibration Analysis of Bidirectional Functionally Graded Material Plates
Authors: Hong Nguyen Thi
Published: December 2020

Bidirectional functionally graded material (2D-FGM) plates have mechanical properties that vary continuously in both the thickness and one-edge directions; these plates are more and more widely used in design and engineering applications. When these structures are subjected to strong loads, they can be largely deformed; therefore, nonlinear calculations, in this case, are necessary. In this paper, nonlinear static bending and nonlinear free vibration behaviors of 2D-FGM plates are studied by using the finite element method based on the third-order shear deformation theory; the Newton-Raphson method is used to solve this problem. The accuracy of this approach is confirmed by comparing the results with respect to other papers. The effects of some numerical aspect ratios such as volume fraction index and thickness-to-length ratio on nonlinear static bending and free vibration of the plates are explored. This study shows that there is a big difference between the numerical results obtained from the nonlinear problem and those from the linear one.
A Group Recommendation System of Network Document Resource Based on Knowledge Graph and LSTM in Edge Computing
Authors: Wu Yuezhong , Liu Qiang , Chen Rongrong , Li Changyun , Peng Ziran
Published: December 2020

The Internet has become one of the important channels for users to obtain information and knowledge. It is crucial to work out how to acquire personalized requirement of users accurately and effectively from huge amount of network document resources. Group recommendation is an information system for group participation in common activities that meets the common interests of all members in the group. This paper proposes a group recommendation system for network document resource exploration using the knowledge graph and LSTM in edge computing, which can solve the problem of information overload and resource trek effectively. An extensive system test has been carried out in the field of big data application in packaging industry. The experimental results show that the proposed system recommends network document resource more accurately and further improves recommendation quality using the knowledge graph and LSTM in edge computing. Therefore, it can meet the user’s personalized resource need more effectively.
E2PP: An Energy-Efficient Path Planning Method for UAV-Assisted Data Collection
Authors: Ji Xiang , Meng Xianjia , Wang Anwen , Hua Qingyi , Wang Fuwei , Chen Rui , Zhang Jing , Fang Dingyi
Published: December 2020

Using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to collect data from wireless sensor networks deployed in the field, one of the key tasks is to plan the path for the collection so as to minimize the energy consumption of the UAV. At present, most of the existing methods generally take the shortest flight distance as the optimal objective to plan the optimal path. They simply believe that the shortest path means the least energy consumption of the UAV and ignore the fact that changing direction (heading) can also consume the UAV’s energy in its flight. If the path can be planned based on the UAV’s energy consumption closer to the real situation, the energy consumption of the UAV can be really reduced and its working energy efficiency can be improved. Therefore, this paper proposes a path planning method for UAV-assisted data collection, which can plan an energy-efficient flight path. Firstly, by analyzing the experiment data, we, respectively, model the relationship between the angle of heading change and the energy consumption of the UAV and the relationship between the distance of straight flight and the energy consumption of the UAV. Then, an energy consumption estimation model based on distance and the angle of heading change (ECEMBDA) is put up. By using this model, we can estimate or predict the energy consumption of a UAV to fly from one point (or node) to another (including the start point). Finally, the greedy algorithm is used to plan the path for UAV-assisted data collection according to the above estimated energy consumption. Through simulation and experiments, we compare our proposed method with the conventional method based on pure distance index and greedy algorithm. The results show that this method can obtain data collection path with lower energy consumption and smoother path trajectory, which is more suitable for actual flight.
Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Macular Hole Using Different Types of Tamponades and Different Postoperative Positioning Regimens
Authors: Veith M. , Vránová J. , Němčanský J. , Studnička J. , Penčák M. , Straňák Z. , Mojžíš P. , Studený P. , Piñero D. P.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To compare the effect of different types of intraocular tamponade and different types of postoperative positioning on the closure of idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods. Prospective randomized clinical trial enrolling 104 eyes of 100 patients (age, 57–87 years) undergoing MH surgery. All patients were operated on by an experienced surgeon using 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Patients were randomized according to the type of intraocular tamponade and postoperative positioning into the following four groups: SF6 + nonsupine reading position (n = 26) (group 1), air + nonsupine reading position (n = 25) (group 2), air + prone position (n = 26) (group 3), or SF6 + prone position (n = 27) (group 4). The follow-up period was 6 months. Results. MH closure was achieved in 87 eyes (83.7 %) in the overall sample after the first surgery, with closure rates of 100%, 56%, 84.6%, and 92.6% in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The group 2 was significantly less successful compared to the other three groups (

p

 < 0.05). MH of sizes ≤400 µm was closed in 97.2% of cases after the first surgery, with no significant differences between groups (

p

 = 0.219). MH with sizes over 400 µm was closed in 70.9% of cases after the first surgery, with both groups with air tamponade being significantly less successful than group 1. The nonsupine reading position was subjected to a better subjective evaluation in terms of postoperative comfort and quality of sleep, with no differences between air and SF6 tamponade tolerance. Conclusion. PPV with ILM peeling, intraocular tamponade, and positioning remains the basic surgical approach in the treatment of IMH. For MH ≤ 400 µm, a high closure rate can be achieved by combining air tamponade and nonsupine reading position. For macular holes >400 µm, the greatest anatomical success can be achieved by using the SF6 tamponade in combination with the nonsupine reading position.
HAL-Based Resource Manipulation Monitoring on AOSP
Authors: Doan Thien-Phuc , Park Jungsoo , Jung Souhwan
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, Android malware uses sensitive APIs to manipulate an Android device’s resources frequently. Conventional malware analysis uses hooking techniques to detect this harmful behavior. However, this approach is facing many problems, such as low coverage rate and computational overhead. To solve this problem, we proposed HALWatcher, an alternative technique to monitor resource manipulation on Android Open Source Project (AOSP). By modifying Hardware Abstract Layer (HAL) resource accessing interfaces and their implementation, we can embed more monitoring functions at critical methods that are in charge of transferring data between the Hardware Driver and the Framework Layer. Hence, HALWatcher provides a lightweight and high coverage rate system that can perform resource manipulation monitoring for Android OS. In this paper, we prove that the hooking technique is limited in detecting resource manipulation attacks. Besides that, HALWatcher shows an outperform detection rate with a low computational effort.
Perceptron Ranking Using Interval Labels with Ramp Loss for Online Ordinal Regression
Authors: Zhang Cuiqing , Zhang Maojun , Liang Xijun , Xia Zhonghang , Nan Jiangxia
Published: December 2020

Due to its wide applications and learning efficiency, online ordinal regression using perceptron algorithms with interval labels (PRIL) has been increasingly applied to solve ordinal ranking problems. However, it is still a challenge for the PRIL method to handle noise labels, in which case the ranking results may change dramatically. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose noise-resilient online learning algorithms using ramp loss function, called PRIL-RAMP, and its nonlinear variant K-PRIL-RAMP, to improve the performance of PRIL method for noisy data streams. The proposed algorithms iteratively optimize the decision function under the framework of online gradient descent (OGD), and we justify the algorithms by showing the order preservation of thresholds. It is validated in the experiments that both approaches are more robust and efficient to noise labels than state-of-the-art online ordinal regression algorithms on real-world datasets.
Dual-Band Maritime Imagery Ship Classification Based on Multilayer Convolutional Feature Fusion
Authors: Qiu Xiaohua , Li Min , Dong Lin , Deng Guangmang , Zhang Liqiong
Published: December 2020

Addressing to the problems of few annotated samples and low-quality fused feature in visible and infrared dual-band maritime ship classification, this paper leverages hierarchical features of deep convolutional neural network to propose a dual-band maritime ship classification method based on multilayer convolutional feature fusion. Firstly, the VGGNet model pretrained on the ImageNet dataset is fine-tuned to capture semantic information of the specific dual-band ship dataset. Secondly, the pretrained and fine-tuned VGGNet models are used to extract low-level, middle-level, and high-level convolutional features of each band image, and a number of improved recursive neural networks with random weights are exploited to reduce feature dimension and learn feature representation. Thirdly, to improve the quality of feature fusion, multilevel and multilayer convolutional features of dual-band images are concatenated to fuse hierarchical information and spectral information. Finally, the fused feature vector is fed into a linear support vector machine for dual-band maritime ship category recognition. Experimental results on the public dual-band maritime ship dataset show that multilayer convolution feature fusion outperforms single-layer convolution feature by about 2% mean per-class classification accuracy for single-band image, dual-band images perform better than single-band image by about 2.3%, and the proposed method achieves the best accuracy of 89.4%, which is higher than the state-of-the-art method by 1.2%.
Intrusion Detection Algorithm Based on Change Rates of Multiple Attributes for WSN
Authors: Bai Hongying , Zhang Xiaotong , Liu Fangjie
Published: December 2020

Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a second line of the security mechanism for the wireless sensor network (WSN), and it has a great influence on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. However, many existing IDS only detect single attack or multiple known attacks. In this paper, a novel intrusion detection algorithm based on change rates of multiple attributes (CRMA) is proposed, which can detect multiple attacks including known and unknown types simultaneously. The change rates of multiple attributes for sensor nodes usually reflect the running states of WSN over a period of time. First, the Observed Change Rate of attributes at different times is obtained by observing multiple attributes of different sensor nodes. Then, the convex optimization is alternately used to obtain the Normal Change Rate and corresponding weights by minimizing the distance between the Observed Change Rate and the Normal Change Rate of each attribute. Finally, the WSN is considered to be attacked when the weighted deviation of the Observed Change Rate and Normal Change Rate is beyond the corresponding threshold. Experimental results show that the CRMA can detect multiple attacks including known and unknown types simultaneously and has a fast convergence rate. The average true positive rates (TPR) of CRMA are high, and the average false positive rates (FPR) of CRMA are low. The detection performance of CRMA is superior to that of the ARMA and NeTMids algorithms.
Coumarins and Polar Constituents from Eupatorium triplinerve and Evaluation of Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Viet Huong Do Thi , Giang Phan Minh , Trang Vu Minh
Published: December 2020

In our study of antidiabetic compounds from the leaves of Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl. (Asteraceae), ten compounds were isolated from the methanol leaf extract. They were determined to be β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), ayapanin (4), ayapin (5), thymoquinol 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), thyrsifloside (8), (E)-4-methoxymelilotoside (9), and kaempferol 3,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) by using ESI-MS, 1D (1H-, 13C-, DEPT) and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) techniques. This is the first report of water-soluble compounds from E. triplinerve and compounds 6–10 were isolated for the first time from E. triplinerve. NMR profiling and HPLC analysis are fast and reliable methods to screen phytochemicals in plant samples. Due to their high concentrations in the leaf extracts of E. triplinerve, coumarins 4 and 5 could be fast screened by NMR profiling and RP-HPLC-PDA analysis. In the in vitro test for α-glucosidase inhibition of compounds 4–9, compounds 4, 5, and 7 showed the enzymatic inhibition of 40%, 46%, and 81%, respectively, at 256 μg/mL. An IC50 value of 58.65 ± 1.20 μg/mL (302 μM) was calculated for compound 7 which is lower than that of the positive control acarbose (IC50 197.33 ± 2.51 μg/mL; 306 μM).