bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catastrophic impact of 1947 partition of India on people’s health
Authors: Tanveer Tuba , Mathur Nixon , Sarwal Rakesh
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The partition of India on the dissolution of British Raj into two dominions is known to have been violent, polarizing and caused large-scale loss of life (about two million) and an unprecedented migration of 14 million people between the two dominions, India and Pakistan. It is not known how well the then scientific community covered this man-made disaster, and the response of the international community with aid.

Methodology:

A systematic review was conducted using different electronic databases of PubMed, Econlit, United Nations resolutions, Government of India websites, and Google Scholar for the period January 1947 to December 1951 on the impact of the partition of the Indian sub-continent, and to identify the international response toward this humanitarian crisis.

Result:

We could locate only twenty-four publications. Partition not only caused monumental humanitarian suffering, but also contributed to food deficits, adverse impact on trade and industries, national income and harmed public health. In contrast, no significant attention was expressed by the international scientific community or the United Nations, or aid provided during this catastrophic event.

Conclusion:

The review demonstrates the apathy by the contemporary international scientific research community on the social as well as economic damage caused by the partition of India. We suggest that the international scientific and research community should play the role of vigilante and fact finder to unearth the facets of mass human tragedy and its long-term consequences so that global consciousness is awakened, and help and aid flows when it is most needed.
Hypospadias with Intact Prepuce: A Spectrum of Anomalies and their Reconstruction
Authors: Ramaswamy Rajendran , Hegab Samir Morsi , Fawsy Hany , Ghalib Saif Saeed , Shawky Mohamed , Mukattash Ghazi
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:

The aim of the study was to perform a detailed analysis of the clinical characteristics of megameatus with intact prepuce (MIP) and to audit our results of reconstructive surgeries on MIP.

Materials and Methods:

Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Pediatric surgery department of tertiary level. Subjects, methods: Hospital records and pictures of MIP operated over a 9-year period. Age, size of penis, circumcised or not, shape of glans, external urethral meatus (EUM), urethral plate (UP), chordee, distal urethra, reconstructive surgery, and complications were analyzed. Postoperative result was objectively assessed by Hypospadias Objective Scoring Evaluation (HOSE).

Results:

Twelve of 254 hypospadias were MIP (incidence = 4.72%). The mean age at operation was 38.25 months (12–87 m). Patients sought circumcision or surgical correction of anomaly. Two patients were precircumcised. MIP was coronal 7, subcoronal 3, and glanular 2. Meatus was wide in 10 and normal in 2. Glans penis was wide in 9 and conical in 3. UP was wide (9), moderately wide (2), or narrow and shallow (1). In two cases of wide deep UP, distal septum was present. Distal urethra was nondilated in all but 1, which had megalourethra. Reconstructive surgery was Tubularized Urethral Plate Urethroplasty (7 cases) or classical Snodgrass (Tubularised incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU), with superimposed vascular dartos flap (5 cases). The megalourethra underwent partial excision and TIPU. Distal UP-septum was incised. Urethral injury (2 cases) and UP injury (1 case) were intraoperative complications. One postoperative complication (ventral glans necrosis) resulted. The mean follow-up period was 4.79 months (1–12 m). In the postoperative follow-up, 11 (92%) had HOSE score 14–16, whereas one had HOSE 13.

Conclusion:

Some hypospadias cases which have intact prepuce have no megameatus; hence, they cannot be termed MIP. All cases of hypospadias having intact prepuce can be covered by the umbrella term “Hypospadias with Intact Prepuce (HIP);” MIP is a large subgroup under HIP. HIP presents with a spectrum of anomalies of glans, EUM, and UP. Repair by tubularization of UP without or with midline incision gives excellent results.
Central Pancreatectomy – A Novel Surgical Technique Single Institution Experience
Authors: Raghul Maniam , Nathan R. Senthil , Hariharan G. , Sankkarabarathi C
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:

Children evaluated for abdominal pain are increasingly recognized to have pancreatic lesions by imaging modalities. Malignant lesions of the pancreas have also been diagnosed at regular intervals, the most common being solid cystic pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPT) – Borderline (uncertain malignant potential). Surgical resection of this tumor should provide adequate tumor free margins and also should preserve pancreatic tissue. Radical resection of the pancreas will lead to pancreatic insufficiency. Herein, we describe the technique of central pancreatectomy wherein tumor excision gives adequate clearance but preserves the pancreatic tissue, thereby reducing significant morbidity.

Materials and Methods:

Three children ages ranging between 11 to 12 years diagnosed to have SPT were included in the study.

Results:

All children underwent successful central pancreatectomy and had an uneventful post operative recovery.

Conclusion:

Central pancreatectomy offers a good volume of remanant pancreas preserving near normal pancreatic function making it an ideal procedure for select cases.
Unicentric Portocaval Castleman Disease in an Adolescent: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Mathew Priya , Mandelia Ankur , Kumar Tarun , Pal Lily , Khati Shikha
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Castleman disease is an unusual, benign disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by the proliferation of the lymphoid tissue. It can have a unicentric or multicentric presentation, depending on the number of lymph nodes involved. On clinical examination and imaging, it can imitate a malignancy and the diagnosis can only be confirmed on histopathological examination. Retroperitoneal location and presentation in the pediatric age group are extremely rare. We report a case of an adolescent girl with a unicentric lymph nodal mass in the portocaval space which was completely excised.
Association of Maternal Factors on Early Childhood Caries: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Pramod Sneha , Peedikayil Faizal C. , Kottayi Soni , Aravind Athira , Sreedharan Aswathi , Ramesh Athul
Published: March 2024

Background:

Early childhood caries (ECC) can have a substantial impact on the child’s quality of life. Postnatal maternal practices and care of the child are potential risk factors for ECC. Only a small number of cohort studies have looked at potential dietary risk factors at this age. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal caries status and child caries status along with its relationship with the postnatal factors in the development of ECC.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was designed amongst 300 mother–child pairs. Participants were randomly selected into two groups according to the caries status: Group A – children with ECC and Group B – children without caries. Caries status of the mother and child was recorded. A close-ended questionnaire was given to the mothers to know their knowledge and practices about child oral healthcare. Data obtained were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20.0. The level of significance adopted was 5%.

Results:

The mean decay rank is lowest for children <36 months of age (141.72) and is highest for children between 49 and 60 months (178.21). The children of working mothers are more affected by ECC when compared to children of non-working mothers (P < 0.05). There is a significant association between mother’s dental caries status and child’s dental caries status (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The present study showed that there is a clear relationship between ECC in children and maternal caries status and feeding patterns, especially night feeding.
Evaluation of Familial Similarity of Carabelli’s Trait in South Kerala Population: A Pilot Study
Authors: Krishnan R. J. Rahul , Joseph Anna P. , Varun B. Raghavan , Anandaraj  , Mary S Freeda , Mohan Amitha
Published: March 2024

Background:

The distribution of Carabelli’s trait is variable in different individuals and also amongst children and their parents. Knowledge and distribution of Carabelli’s trait and evaluating their familial similarity can be very useful in forensic dentistry. The forensic implication also includes the identification of deceased individuals, racial identification and cases of disputed paternity.

Aim and Objective:

The aim of this study was to determine the familial similarity of Carabelli’s trait in South Kerala population and to determine the extent of expression of Carabelli’s pattern in both child and parent.

Materials and Methods:

Children and their parents from the department of pedodontics over 1 month were selected and examined for the expression of Carabelli’s trait in the maxillary primary second molar and permanent maxillary first molars. For this study, non-carious teeth with good anatomical landmarks are selected. Caries tooth, fractured tooth and supernumerary para molars are excluded from the study. Child age groups between 6 and 12 years were selected and parents of any age groups were selected for the study. Informed consent both verbal and written was taken before taking intraoral impressions and photographs. Maxillary impressions and intraoral photographs of both child and their parent were recorded, and further examination and scoring were done on cast and photographs on the basis of the classification developed by the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology system which specifies the eight grades of expression of Carabelli’s pattern.

Result:

In our study, we are able to identify a familial similarity in the expression of Carabelli’s trait in children and parents in the South Kerala population.

Conclusion:

Cusp of carabell’s trait in south Kerala population.
A systematic review of salivary biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: De Bartolo Maria Ilenia , Belvisi Daniele , Mancinelli Romina , Costanzo Matteo , Caturano Claudia , Leodori Giorgio , Berardelli Alfredo , Fabbrini Giovanni , Vivacqua Giorgio
Published: March 2024

The search for reliable and easily accessible biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease is receiving a growing emphasis, to detect neurodegeneration from the prodromal phase and to enforce disease-modifying therapies. Despite the need for non-invasively accessible biomarkers, the majority of the studies have pointed to cerebrospinal fluid or peripheral biopsies biomarkers, which require invasive collection procedures. Saliva represents an easily accessible biofluid and an incredibly wide source of molecular biomarkers. In the present study, after presenting the morphological and biological bases for looking at saliva in the search of biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease, we systematically reviewed the results achieved so far in the saliva of different cohorts of Parkinson’s disease patients. A comprehensive literature search on PubMed and SCOPUS led to the discovery of 289 articles. After screening and exclusion, 34 relevant articles were derived for systematic review. Alpha-synuclein, the histopathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease, has been the most investigated Parkinson’s disease biomarker in saliva, with oligomeric alpha-synuclein consistently found increased in Parkinson’s disease patients in comparison to healthy controls, while conflicting results have been reported regarding the levels of total alpha-synuclein and phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, and few studies described an increased oligomeric alpha-synuclein/total alpha-synuclein ratio in Parkinson’s disease. Beyond alpha-synuclein, other biomarkers targeting different molecular pathways have been explored in the saliva of Parkinson’s disease patients: total tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β1–42 (pathological protein aggregation biomarkers); DJ-1, heme-oxygenase-1, metabolites (altered energy homeostasis biomarkers); MAPLC-3beta (aberrant proteostasis biomarker); cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (inflammation biomarkers); DNA methylation, miRNA (DNA/RNA defects biomarkers); acetylcholinesterase activity (synaptic and neuronal network dysfunction biomarkers); Raman spectra, proteome, and caffeine. Despite a few studies investigating biomarkers targeting molecular pathways different from alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease, these results should be replicated and observed in studies on larger cohorts, considering the potential role of these biomarkers in determining the molecular variance among Parkinson’s disease subtypes. Although the need for standardization in sample collection and processing, salivary-based biomarkers studies have reported encouraging results, calling for large-scale longitudinal studies and multicentric assessments, given the great molecular potentials and the non-invasive accessibility of saliva.
Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms of γ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Miao Yinglong , Wolfe Michael S.
Published: March 2024

γ-Secretase, called “the proteasome of the membrane,” is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+ peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine, including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface receptors. Mutations in γ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease. γ-Secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as well. However, critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates, the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations, and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage by γ-secretase. In this review, we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms of γ-secretase. Different mechanisms, including the “Fit-Stay-Trim,” “Sliding-Unwinding,” and “Tilting-Unwinding,” have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein by γ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. While an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-bound γ-secretase, molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-bound γ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-bound γ-secretase as a template successfully captured γ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch, being consistent with biochemical experimental findings. The approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates by γ-secretase. In addition, controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations, particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilize γ-secretase-substrate complexes, is discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided for future studies of γ-secretase, including pathways of substrate binding and product release, effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations of the γ-secretase-substrate complexes. Comprehensive understanding of the functional mechanisms of γ-secretase will greatly facilitate the rational design of effective drug molecules for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and perhaps Alzheimer’s disease in general.
Visual Design of Digital Display Based on Virtual Reality Technology with Improved SVM Algorithm
Authors: Zuo Hanshuo
Published: March 2024

NTRODUCTION: With the rapid development of virtual reality (VR) technology, digital displays have become increasingly important in various fields. This study aims to improve the application of virtual reality technology in the visual design of digital displays by improving the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The visual design of digital displays is crucial for attracting users, enhancing experience and conveying information, so an accurate and reliable algorithm is needed to support relevant decisions. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to improve the SVM algorithm to more accurately identify features related to the visual design of digital displays. By exploiting the nonlinear mapping and parameter optimization of the SVM algorithm, it aims to improve the performance of the model so that it can better adapt to complex visual design scenarios. METHODS: In the process of achieving the objective, multimedia data related to digital displays, including images and videos, were first collected. Through feature engineering, features closely related to visual design were selected, and deep learning techniques were applied to extract higher-level feature representations. Subsequently, the SVM algorithm was improved to use the kernel function for nonlinear mapping, and the penalty parameters and the parameters of the kernel function were adjusted. Cross-validation was used in the training and testing phases of the model to ensure its generalization performance. RESULTS: The improved SVM algorithm demonstrated higher accuracy, recall and precision compared to the traditional method by evaluating it on the test set. This suggests that the model is able to capture visual design features in digital displays more accurately and provide more reliable support for relevant decisions. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that by improving the SVM algorithm, more accurate visual design can be achieved in digital displays of virtual reality technology. This improvement provides reliable algorithmic support for the design of digital displays and provides a more prosperous, immersive experience for users. Future research can further optimize the algorithm and iterate with user feedback to continuously improve the visual design of digital displays in virtual reality environments.
Effect of Turbine Speed Parameter on Exhaust Pulse Energy Matching of
an Asymmetric Twin-Scroll Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Engine
Authors: Jin Jianjiao , Zhang Chenyun , Wu Liangqin , Zhu Hongping , Qian Yuanping
Published: March 2024

The two-branch exhaust of an asymmetric twin-scroll turbocharged engine are
asymmetrically and periodically complicated, which has great impact on turbine
matching. In this article, a matching effect of turbine speed parameter on
asymmetric twin-scroll turbines based on the exhaust pulse energy weight
distribution of a heavy-duty diesel engine was introduced. First, it was built
as an asymmetric twin-scroll turbine matching based on exhaust pulse energy
distribution. Then, by comparing the average matching point and energy matching
points on the corresponding turbine performance map, it is revealed that the
turbine speed parameter of energy matching points was a significant deviation
from the turbine speed parameter under peak efficiency, which leads to the
actual turbine operating efficiency lower than the optimal state. In addition, a
turbine speed parameter adjustment strategy was proposed by changing compressor
impeller diameters to reveal the effect on turbine matching based on pulse
energy weight. The testing results indicated that adjusting the impeller
diameter could change the turbine speed parameter effectively. The matching aim
is to make the turbine speed parameter close to the one under peak efficiency by
changing impeller diameters. At last, this strategy was tested on a 12.5 L
engine with EGR. The results showed that a more suitable turbine speed parameter
could increase the turbine operating efficiency and the fuel economy by about 2%
and 1%, respectively, at engine critical running region under the condition of
maintaining the same NOx emissions.
Influence of Exhaust Aftertreatment System on Powertrain Vibration
Behavior
Authors: Sarna Amit Kumar , Singh Jitender , Kumar Navin , Sharma Vikas
Published: March 2024

NVH refinement of commercial vehicles is the key attribute for customer
acceptance. Engine and road irregularities are the two major factors responsible
for the same. During powertrain isolators’ design alone, the mass and inertia of
the powertrain are usually considered, but in practical scenarios, a directly
coupled subsystem also disturbs the boundary conditions for design. Due to the
upgradation in emission norms, the exhaust aftertreatment system of modern
automotive vehicles becomes heavier and more complex. This system is further
coupled to the powertrain through a flexible joint or fixed joint, which results
in the disturbance of the performance of the isolators.

Therefore, to address this, the isolators design study is done by considering a
multi-body dynamics model of vehicles with 16 DOF and 22 DOF problems, which is
capable to simulate static and dynamic real-life events of vehicles. Design
indicators are thoroughly analyzed and validated through the rigid body modes
and real field events of the vehicle. As most of the research is done for
four-point mounting powertrain systems by considering 6 DOF or 12 DOF in
commercial vehicles but a novel approach with a 22 DOF model is proposed in this
study to predict the impact of the inclusion of the exhaust aftertreatment
system on torque roll axis and rigid body modes decoupling.

The results of the proposed system show that the rigid body mode decoupling of
the powertrain system improved and consequently the overall NVH performance of
the vehicle in real life is further improved. Therefore, it is suggested from
the study that ignoring the inclusion of the exhaust aftertreatment system in
the powertrain mounting system design reduces the NVH performance of the
vehicle, hence it is recommended to include it in the early phase of design.
Weld Fatigue Damage Assessment of Rail Track Maintenance Equipment:
Regulatory Compliance and Practical Insights
Authors: Patil Dipak , Petersen Michael
Published: March 2024

The use of appropriate loads and regulations is of great importance in weld
fatigue assessment of rail on-track maintenance equipment and similar vehicles
for optimized design. The regulations and available loads, however, are often
generalized for several categories, which proves to be overly conservative for
some specific categories of machines. EN (European Norm) and AAR (Association of
American Railroads) regulations play a pivotal role in determining the
applicable loads and acceptance criteria within this study. The availability of
track-induced fatigue load data for the cumulative damage approach in track
maintenance machines is often limited. Consequently, the FEA-based validation of
rail track maintenance equipment often resorts to the infinite life approach
rather than cumulative damage approach for track-induced travel loads, resulting
in overly conservative designs. The work presented in this article evaluates and
compares the weld fatigue damage of track maintenance equipment for EN loads
using infinite life approach and AAR loads using cumulative damage approach and
highlights the need of having distinct category for track maintenance machines
in regulations based on its usage and application to have close representative
loads for the endurance limit approach or suitable loads for the cumulative
damage approach. Additionally, the study utilizes the BS7608 regulation to
determine weld class and predict weld fatigue damage. Both nominal and hot-spot
stress approaches are employed to thoroughly investigate and calculate fatigue
damage, providing a comprehensive analysis of weld fatigue in rail maintenance
equipment.
HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION OF DIGITAL LEARNING AND E-LEARNING TRAINING
Authors: Putri Zaiyana , Yoestara Marisa , Munawir Munawir
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi guru-guru sekolah menengah atas di SMA N 1 Bandar Baru, Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia mengenai efektivitas kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) yang diberikan oleh Universitas Serambi Mekkah dengan topik efektivitas penggunaan e-learning dalam proses belajar mengajar. Kegiatan ini dirancang khusus untuk melatih para guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran digital dan E-learning yang merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang diamanatkan oleh pemerintah guna meningkatkan kualitas dan hasil belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif yang melibatkan 16 guru dari berbagai mata pelajaran di sekolah tersebut. Dalam mengumpulkan persepsi guru, kuesioner terbuka dibagikan kepada para guru, dan semua data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan persentase untuk menilai efektivitas pelatihan yang diberikan. Temuan studi menunjukkan bahwa para guru menanggapi pelatihan secara positif. Mereka juga menyatakan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan dianggap efektif dalam meningkatkan penguasaan digital dan memungkinkan para guru untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi ke dalam praktik mengajar mereka, sejalan dengan tuntutan sistem pendidikan yang berkembang di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan terkait teknologi harus dilakukan secara kontinyu agar guru dapat menguasai teknologi dan senantiasa update dengan perkebangan jaman.AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the perceptions of senior high school teachers at SMA N 1 Bandar Baru, Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia regarding the effectiveness of Stimulus Community Service activities (PKMs) provided by the University of Serambi Mekkah under the topic the effectiveness of using e-learning in the teaching and learning process. These activities were specifically designed to train teachers in using digital learning media and E-learning which is one of the approaches mandated by the government in order to improve learning qualities and learning outcomes.  This research employed a descriptive approach involving 16 teachers from various subjects at the school. In collecting teachers’ perceptions, an open-ended questionnaire was distributed to the teachers, and all the obtained data was analyzed using percentages to assess the effectiveness of the training provided. The study's findings indicate that teachers responded positively to the training. They further claimed that the training activities were perceived as effective in enhancing digital mastery and enabling teachers to integrate technology into their teaching practices, aligning with the growing demands of the educational system in Indonesia. Therefore, relevant educational technology teachers’ training should be continuously conducted in order to assist teacher in mastering technology and keep them updated with the era development.
MORAL SENSITIVITY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY CLINICIANS IN VARIED CLINICAL SETTINGS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Relao Andre F. , Advincula Jayson Alexis D. , Guantero Jessica Mae , Malayo Gabriel R. , Nuida Ian Louis L. , Ricahuerta Dianne Eunice C. , Reballos Christopher Allan F. , Graycochea Kathlyne Jane F.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Moral sensitivity (MS) is the personal attribute needed to handle ethical conflicts in a specific scenario that the medical practitioner face in vulnerable situations due to the patient’s presence of an illness. Physical Therapists (PTs) are licensed practitioners who assess, diagnose and provide treatment that restore patients to optimal function, which requires moral competence. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of moral sensitivity of PTs clinicians in the Philippines in varied clinical settings.

Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study where the MS of 40 licensed PTs with at least 3 years of experience practice in the Philippines were assessed. The Lutzen's Moral Sensitivity (MSQ) questionnaire (1997) was modified to a 21-item checklist to meet the internal consistency reliability measured by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.70 and above. The MSQ utilized a 7-point Likert scale along 6 elements of MS: interpersonal orientation, structural moral meaning, expressing benevolence, modifying autonomy, experiencing moral conflict and confidence in medical knowledge.

Results: Data shows that Structural Moral Meaning obtained the highest mean of 1.83+0.70. Overall MS of PTs in the Philippines was high (2.75+0.75). The levels of MS do not vary in all demographic profiles, except gender in Confidence in Medical Knowledge (X2=7.417, p=0.025) and years of experience in Modifying Autonomy (X2=17.625, p=0.0072). Male PTs have significantly higher MS compared to their counterpart; and >10 years of experience have significantly higher MS among the PTs.

Discussion: The years of experience towards modifying autonomy indicates the treatment choices and applications of PTs with more years of experience tend to be more flexible owing to their practice and knowledge of efficiency and effectivity. Moreover, the level of MS varies in gender towards confidence in medical knowledge as it demonstrate moral choices are governed by rules and regulations among the male PTs rather than subjective feelings on particular situation.
TELEREHABILITATION INTERVENTION PROTOCOLS FOR COVID-19 PATIENTS: A SCOPING
REVIEW
Authors: Garrido Marc Edward A. , Navarra Luis , Advincula Jason , Gacutan Mary Ferlyn
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Since the start of the pandemic, it became clear to
physical therapists through emerging studies that there are better
outcomes in managing the symptoms of COVID-19 patients if
they undergo physical therapy; however, face-to-face
rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients placed physical therapists at
risk of cross-infection. To address this issue, the use of
telerehabilitation as a mode of delivery of instruction and patient
monitoring was considered. Recent studies have expressed its
effectiveness; however, there are still no available standardized
protocols for the telerehabilitation of COVID-19 patients. Thus,
this study seeks to conduct a comprehensive search of the
published literature regarding COVID-19 physical therapy
interventions and to map out the current evidence and knowledge
gaps surrounding telerehabilitation protocols for COVID-19
patients.

Methods: The study has a Scoping Review Design in accordance
with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. In this study, 939 articles were
found through searching in the following databases with specific
MeSH Terms: PEDRO, PubMed, BioMed Central, & Cochrane
Central. These 939 articles were then screened and assessed for
their eligibility, specifically, to match the inclusion criteria of the
study. Specific details of each of the studies included the
following: Title, Author & Country, Digital Technology Used,
Research Design, Methodology, Intervention/Program, and Key
Findings/Results. Similar details between studies were tallied and
were then compared to their existing forms of literature.

Results: A total of 9 studies were reviewed after the 939 articles
were screened and similar details were tallied as well. A majority
of the studies were RCTs followed by Systematic Reviews/Meta-
Analysis. The most common interventions used in order were (1)
Strengthening Exercises, (2) Deep Breathing Exercises, and (3)
Aerobic Exercises. The most used telerehabilitation technology
was any internet-connected device that had access to video
conferencing. Four of the studies have shown better outcomes as
a result of telerehabilitation. Gaps in literature, specifically the
lack of studies conducted in developing nations and unevidenced
claims of better cost-effectiveness, were consistent in all studies.

Discussion: This study was able to map out the available research
and the surrounding protocols conducted through
telerehabilitation for COVID-19 patients. The current literature
shows the most common interventions and outcome measures
used during telerehabilitation and that some patients have become
better as a result of telerehabilitation. The findings can be used as
a basis for creating a telerehabilitation treatment plan and may be
used to systematically compare said studies in turn would create
a standardized protocol for COVID-19 telerehabilitation.
ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF CARBONIZED TITONIA DIVERSIFOLIA TOWARDS Cd2+ AND CU2+ UNDER DIFFERENT pH, ADSORPTION CAPACITY AND CONCENTRATION
Authors: Olaifa K. A. , Olaifa J.O. , Agbeja A. O. , Akindolu D. R. , Olaitan A.O. , Akinlade M.S.
Published: March 2024

Adsorption studies were performed to investigate the adsorption capacity of carbonized Tithonia diversifolia towards heavy metal ions (Cd2+ and Cu2+) under different pH, contact time, concentration and temperature conditions. Cadmium metal concentrations at; 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm of metal solutions were prepared and the pH was adjusted to 5. The uptake of copper (II) increases as the pH of the solution increases; at pH 1, pH 2, pH 3, pH 4 and pH 5, percentage metal bound were 20.59, 48.47, 94.26 and 94.08% respectively, at pH 5 and pH 6, percentage metal bound dropped to 93.26, 92.62% respectively. The increase in the removal of copper as pH increases is attributed to the decrease in competition between proton and Cu2+ ion for the surface site. Cadmium study showed that the optimum binding pH is 5 while at pH 1, pH 2, pH 3, pH4 and pH 6, percentage bound were 25.59, 59.12, 96.76, 96.14 and 98.31% respectively. The percentage removal for cadmium (II) ion is low at pH 1 and remains high and almost constant at pH 6. The high binding power of cadmium (II) ion at the initial stage is attributed to the biomass having maximum binding sites available for interaction. Our findings showed that the amount of Cu+2 and Cd2+ adsorbed was found to vary with the initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage and concentration.
ADSORTION POTENTIAL OF GARLIC, GINGER AND LEMON IN THE REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Cookey G. A. , Tambari B. L. , Wokocha D. P.
Published: March 2024

This work was conducted to assess the efficiency of Garlic, Ginger and Lemon in the removal of some Heavy Metals from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption process was employed in the experiments. Different dosages (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) g of the adsorbents and concentrations of the heavy metals (1000ppm, 800ppm, 600ppm, 400ppm, and 200ppm) were prepared and used. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic (FAAS) was used to determine the amount of heavy metal concentrations adsorbed at each stage of the experiment. Results obtained show that there was remarkable reduction of metal concentrations in the solutions. However, comparatively, the efficiency of garlic in absorbing the metals is greater than that of ginger and lemon at all conditions. Thus, results obtained suggest that Garlic, Ginger and Lemon could be promising adsorbents for heavy metal removal in aqueous solutions, but garlic has greater efficiency in adsorbing the metals particularly zinc and copper.
“El Buen Julio”. Análisis narrativo de la película ecuatoriana como estrategia de aprendizaje
Authors: Zambrano Jaramillo José Enrique , Guerra - Castellanos Yetzy Beatriz , Montoya Pintado Cristian Oswaldo
Published: March 2024

El Libro presenta un análisis de la narrativa de la película ecuatoriana “El Buen Julio” y su impacto en los estudiantes de un colegio de Guayaquil. Teniendo como premisa que el cine ecuatoriano es muy escaso, se pretende remover esta deficiencia cultural, presentado esta pieza audiovisual, para favorecer en la interpretación a los estudiantes de bachillerato, para que puedan discernir y comprender de mejor manera las propuestas narrativas cinematográficas. La tipología que se empleó fue el enfoque cualitativo; mediante un análisis narrativo con un diseño fenomenológico y funcional de carácter interpretativo, para cumplir con el objetivo general y los objetivos específicos en relación con el problema de investigación y los resultados obtenidos, se seleccionó a ocho participantes del colegio, aplicando una entrevista con ocho preguntas en total. La relación entre las categorías de estudio y el modelo de preguntas, para las entrevistas vía online, lograron definir el estudio comunicacional y el análisis narrativo del lenguaje cinematográfico, teniendo como resultados, la importancia del entretenimiento y la formación, como valor narrativo la obra audiovisual. Este trabajo se volvió una labor necesaria de estudio, que concluyó con aspectos que permitieron identificar el valor de la cultura.
The Use of Short Stories to improve English proficiency in Sixth Graders
Authors: Astudillo Tapia Byron Teodoro , Argudo-Serrano Juanita
Published: March 2024

Existing research suggests that short stories are an engaging and immersive experience that actively stimulates foreign language students' imagination and promotes their interest in language acquisition; they can also foster empathy, critical thinking, and creativity, all of which are essential tools for language development. By bringing short stories into the language classroom, a variety of narratives, characters, and cross-cultural experiences might be met. This research examines English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students’ improvement and perceptions of the implementation of short stories into their English classes after a six-week period of exposure to it as a teaching-learning strategy. The findings of the investigation showed a slight difference in students’ language improvement after comparing the pre- and post-test results; however, students’ perceptions of the implementation of short stories could bring insights into the English classrooms to enhance students’ language skills, promoting passion for reading, and encouraging critical thinking.
A Study on automated Administrative Decisions and Due Process by Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
Authors:   National Public Law Review, Kim Nam Wook
Published: March 2024

With the development of science and technology, the administration is increasing the number of fully automated administrative dispositions by automatic electronic systems without public officials' expressions or intervention based on artificial intelligence algorithms and big data in mass administrative procedures. Article 20 of the Framework Act on Administrative Law Affairs stipulates that fully automated administrative actions can be administered by a fully automated system based on the law, but it is emerging as a legal task for legislators to regulate the requirements and limitations of fully automated administrative actions and securing procedural fairness in individual laws.
It is also necessary to clarify the distinction between partially automated administrative actions and fully automated administrative actions by artificial intelligence algorithms, and to consider the limitations of automatic administrative decisions in discretionary and judgment areas. The German Federal Administrative Procedure Act does not provide an opportunity for hearings or an explanation of the reasons for disposal for automated administrative actions, and the British Data Protection Act prepares to object to automated administrative decisions.
In this paper, legislation on fully automated administrative actions under the Federal Administrative Procedure Act in Germany, the Framework Act on Taxes, the Social Security Act, and the Battery Act, legislation on the requirements and procedures of fully automated administrative actions under the Data Protection Act in the UK, the concept of fully automated administrative disposition and the establishment and presentation of administrative agencies stipulated in Spain's 2015 Act on the Legal System of the Public Sector, Galicia's Act on Digital Administration in 2019. By considering the legal principles on the promotion of fully automated administrative decisions under the Act on the Simplification and Organizational Rationalization of Andalusia, it seeks implications for Korea as well as examines the issue of ensuring due process for fully automated administrative decisions. In particular, we discuss the application of the legal reservation principle to fully automated administrative actions by artificial intelligence algorithms, procedural guarantees and procedural fairness for fully automated administrative decisions, transparency and explainability, and algorithmic impact assessment.
The Impact of The Safety Indicator On The Possibility Of The Airline Joining The Strategic Alliance
Authors: Taghiyev Tahir Taghi , Damirov Mahir Rasim , Bugayko Dmytro
Published: March 2024

The airlines themselves and competent civil aviation organizations constantly monitor and improve activities aimed at improving safety. Safety reports are constantly being printed, all cases of disasters and incidents are thoroughly investigated, and the results of the investigation are published in the open press. This gives people the opportunity to decide which airline they will use. Along with safety, users are also interested in the issues of self-replacement achievement of the scheduled item, comfort and quality of service during the flight, convenience of the schedule and the possibility of easily purchasing a ticket for the flight of interest. As ties between countries expanded, tourism developed and more and more people wanted to get acquainted with the culture and history of other peoples. The number of trips has increased many times and there is a need to reduce travel time. It is clear that one, even a large airline, if chosen by a passenger, cannot cover all continents and countries of the world, not to mention cities. Hence the need for airline interaction in order to jointly provide passengers with the opportunity to catch up with the intended goal with the least cost and time. If at the beginning of the airline achieved these goals by concluding bilateral agreements such as interline or code-sharing, then further tightening of competition led them to the idea of creating associations of airlines – alliances. As you know, today there are three global alliances in the world, under the control of which there are more than 60% of air transportation in the world. This is Star Alliance, One world and Sky Team. Currently, many airlines are seeking to join one of these alliances, but for this they must meet certain requirements and one of them is – high level of security.
The Influence of Influencer Marketing on Instagram towards Secondate Brand Awareness in Jakarta
Authors: Lie Shearent , Sitinjak Tony
Published: March 2024

This study explores the impact of Influencer Marketing on Instagram on Secondate brand awareness in Jakarta. Drawing on Influencer Marketing and Brand Awareness theories, the research employs a quantitative approach with 145 active Instagram users who follow Titan Tyra, an influencer associated with the Secondate brand. Using simple regression analysis, the study finds that the model effectively predicts brand awareness. The t-test indicates a significance value below 0.05, supporting the hypothesis that influencer marketing significantly influences Secondate brand awareness. The conclusion highlights a positive correlation between Influencer Marketing and Brand Awareness, emphasizing the importance of this strategy for companies in Jakarta seeking to enhance their brand presence on Instagram.
Construcción de una propuesta de medición de la pobreza alimentaria decolonial. Una experiencia de diálogo con Maya hablantes
Authors: Peña Yolanda Oliva , Pech María Guadalupe Andueza , Ancona-Manzanilla Juan M. , Macedo Andrés Méndez Palacios , Puc Luis Cambranes , Pacheco Víctor Manuel Ávila , Luna Manuel Ordóñez , Gil Gerardo García , Rodríguez Ricardo Ojeda , Itzá Bernardo Caamal , Navarro Paloma Casas , Oliva Marcos Quiroz , Carvajal Andrés Santana , Grajales Ángel Lendechy , Quintal Yuliana López , Almazán Carmen Ortega , Ângulo Elsa Rodríguez , Cárdenas Alina Dioné Marín , Izquierdo Odette Pérez , Araujo Zulema Morayma Cabrera , Cordero William Aguilar , Rosado Karla Rosanet Dzul , Cob Leydi Luceli Dorantes , Cohuó Gabriel Ek , Chablé Humberto , May Roger
Published: March 2024

El diálogo de saberes para la construcción de una propuesta de medición de la pobreza alimentaria decolonial es ante todo un ejercicio que exige transitar de la academia tradicional a una crítica, reflexiva y abierta. En este ejercicio se exploró el tema de la pobreza alimentaria que fue revisado y en diálogo generada una aproximación al estudio a partir de conceptualización del dilema temático desde el proceso de crear autonomías alimentarias a nivel colectivo. El trabajo fue realizado mediante la metodología de investigación-acción participativa. Se describe el proceso metodológico en esta perspectiva dialógica y desde la horizontalidad para reunir voces, experiencias y conocimientos que se tradujeran en una propuesta situada a la región. Como resultados principales se presenta la forma de evaluar el cambio en el sistema de la milpa, desde sus componentes y a partir de las 3 categorías de autonomía alimentaria elaboradas. Como conclusión principal es que se reconoce la trascendencia del diálogo de múltiples actores para avanzar en un pensamiento decolonial, crítico de la modernidad y el paradigma del buen comer y en la reflexión de la realidad alimentaria actual en lo local.
Respons Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorgum Bicolor L) Terhadap Dosis Pupuk Kompos Azolla Dan Pemangkasan Daun Bagian Bawah
Authors: Roynaldy Roynaldy , Hazmi Muhammad , Hasbi Hudaini
Published: March 2024

Sorgum merupakan salah satu jenis bahan pangan pokok yang memiliki kandungan gizi yang tidak kalah dengan padi sehingga tanaman sorgum memiliki  potensi yang besar untuk dibudidayakan dan dikembangkan secara komersil karena memiliki daya adaptasi yang luas. Dalam upaya peningkatan produksi sorgum, pemakaian pupukorganik sebagai salah satu upaya dalam mengembangkan pertanian. Bahan organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pupukorganik adalah Azolla Azolla mampu menambat N2 dari udara karena berasosiasi dengan sianobakteri (Anabaena azollae) yang hidup di dalam rongga daun Azolla. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kompos azolla, pemangkaan daun bagian bawah dan Interaksi antara dosis pupuk kompos azolla dan pemangkasan daun bagian bawah tehadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum (Sorgum bicolor L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan tiga ulanganr. Dua faktor tersebut yaitu beda umur pemangkasan (P) dalam 2 taraf, yaitu : P0 = tanpa pemankasan, P1 = pangkas umur 60 hst dan dosis pupuk kompos azolla (N) dalam 4 taraf, yaitu : N0 = tanpa kompos, N1 = 150 g/plot, N2 = 300 g/plot, N3 = 450 g/plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara perlakuan beda umur pemangkasan dan dosis kompos azolla berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum terbukti pada variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, berat 1000 biji, dan berat biji basah basah.
Kajian Sensoris Formula Permen Jelly Ekstrak Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora P.) dengan Variasi Basis Tepung Agar dan CMC
Authors: Brilliantina Aulia , Fadhila Putu Tessa , Kusumasari Findi Citra , Sasmita Irene Ratri Andia
Published: March 2024

Kopi sebagai komoditas perkebunan banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai minuman. Pola produksi tanaman kopi di Jember semakin meningkat seiring bertambah tahun. DIversifikasi olahan kopi dapat dilakukan dengan mengolah kopi menjadi permen jelly kopi. Penggunananbahan gelasi seperti cmc dan bubuk agar dapat dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi komposisi bahan gelasi CMC dan bubuk agar dengan variasi perlakuan F1 (10g bubuk agar), F2 (6g bubuk agar, 0,2g CMC), F3 (3g bubuk agar, 0,3g CMC) dan F4 (2g bubuk agar, 0,4g CMC) hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh nayata keempat perlakuan terhadap nilai mutu sensoris berupa warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur permen jelly kopi dengan pelakuan terbaik adalah F4 yang memberikan hasil sensoris warna cokelat mengkilat, aroma khas kopi, rasa manis agak asam dan tekstur kenyal