bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les effets de l’incertitude
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: March 2024

Cet article se penche sur les effets de l’incertitude croissante qui touche les sociétés contemporaines en raison de la fin des grands récits, l’accélération des changements, la fragmentation du corps social et l’essor de l’individualisation. De fait, la multiplication d’événements imprévus ayant des effets multiples et sur le moyen terme, et surtout l’intensification et la diversification de l’incertitude, sources de risques et d’insécurités quiprovoquent des sentiments de colère et d’anxiété, n’est pas sans incidences sur l’essor de phénomènes actuels, tels que le présentisme, le populisme ou le complotisme.
Se construire et exister entre singularité et universalité
Authors: Laplantine François
Published: March 2024

La tâche qui incombe aux universitaires est de contribuer à élaborer un mode de connaissance et d’action qui ne vise ni la dissolution des singularités dans une espèce de gelée mondialisée, ni le repli sur une origine et un temps mythique qui n’ont jamais existé. Il s’agit de s’affranchir des couples stériles de l’identité (confondue avec l’origine) et de l’altérité radicale, de la séparation et de l’indifférenciation, de la relativisation désabusée et d’une universalisation forcée ou fatale. Il s’agit de dire l’universel à l’envers : non pas comme donnée posée et imposée ; non pas comme principe mais comme processus ; non pas comme état mais comme devenir et devoir être, c’est-à-dire comme éthique. Cet universel n’est pas achevé, il est en coconstruction permanente.
Se construire comme maître d’apprentissage
Authors: Olivier Anne
Published: March 2024

Dans la formation professionnelle par apprentissage, deux catégories d’acteurs interviennent auprès de l’apprenti : le formateur et le maître d’apprentissage. L’article porte sur le maître d’apprentissage. À partir d’un corpus d’entretiens avec treize maîtres d’apprentissage, il cherche à comprendre de quelle manière le maître d’apprentissage exerçant en collectivité territoriale se construit et se forme dans son agir professionnel quotidien, en cherchant à déceler la part de l’explicite et la part de l’implicite, la part de soi et la part de l’autre.
« Ça va vite ! »
Authors: Zogmal Marianne , Ticca Anna-Claudia , Filliettaz Laurent
Published: March 2024

L’article expose la façon dont un dispositif de formation à et par l’analyse des interactions a été mis en œuvre dans le contexte particulier de la formation continue d’éducatrices endossant un rôle de « référentes » d’un programme d’encouragement précoce du langage. Dans ce dispositif, des éducatrices en charge du programme apprennent à animer des réunions d’équipe avec leurs collègues en vue de les former aux principes et aux attitudes pédagogiques propices au soutien langagier précoce. À cette fin, elles expérimentent des sessions d’analyse collective d’interactions dans lesquelles elles partagent des observations à propos de séquences filmées documentant des interventions éducatives auprès de différentes catégories d’enfants, engagés dans une grande variété de situations.
Introduction
Authors: Larivée Serge
Published: March 2024

L’importance de l’intelligence humaine pour l’adaptation au quotidien n’est plus à démontrer. La notion d’intelligence est cependant victime de nombreux mythes qui viennent obscurcir sa compréhension. Dans le cadre de ce numéro thématique, trois mythes sont abordés : celui selon lequel des enfants à haut QI seraient souvent à risque d’échecs scolaires et psychologiques, le mythe des intelligences multiples du modèle de Gardner (1996) et le mythe voulant que les tests de QI soient biaisés culturellement. L’objectif de ce texte est de présenter sommairement un état des lieux de la situation et de souligner les erreurs de raisonnements de ceux qui promeuvent ces mythes.
Un Espace transculturel intermédiaire pour « soigner » des délinquants juvéniles et violents en Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Thibouville Grégoire
Published: March 2024

Comment « soigner » des délinquants juvéniles et violents, non-névrotiques, avec des nouvelles problématiques psychopathologiques, psychosociales et culturelles ? Avec dix années de pratique de terrain, nous avons développé un groupe plurigénérationnel et multiculturel pour ces adolescents de la protection judiciaire de l’enfance et de la jeunesse. Le but de ce groupe est de les conduire dans une voie humanisante. Il est proposé à travers le parcours de Kurt, un adolescent mutilé « chasseur-meurtrier », de discuter de ce dispositif innovant et de sa conduite. Il est question pour eux de la relance des processus de symbolisation, d’historicisation et d’un contrat narcissique. Toute l’enjeu est également de développer une capacité de liaison, en étant un psychologue suffisamment « malléable » comme l’image d’un « roseau ».
Produire des « enfants » dans le cadre de rituels de possession tandroy (Madagascar).
Authors: Rossé Élisabeth
Published: March 2024

Cet article traite des enjeux sociaux qui fondent la relation thérapeutique inhérente aux rituels de possession pratiqués par les Tandroy, population du sud de Madagascar vivant en situation de mobilité à l’échelle de l’île. Il s’appuie sur des enquêtes en observation participante réalisées auprès de possédés vivant dans un contexte de migration régionale, entre la ville de Toliara et leur région d’origine. En s’appuyant sur une ethnographie, il décrit différents niveaux de discrimination entre consultants, qui s’effectuent sur critères nosographique et social, d’origine et de genre. L’analyse montre comment différentes catégories hiérarchisées de consultants s’inscrivent dans la vie rituelle, sur les différents espaces territoriaux expérimentés. Elle souligne en outre le sens de cette hiérarchie, en lien avec le rôle que joue l’institution rituelle de possession dans la reproduction des groupes sociaux lignagers.
Les deux médecines : pluralisme thérapeutique et santé mentale en Lorraine
Authors: Evrard Renaud , Kessler-Bilthauer Deborah
Published: March 2024

Les dispositifs non-conventionnels de soin se confrontent en France à une politique de tolérance qui encadre de manière indiscriminée les différentes pratiques impliquées. À partir de la recherche ALTERMENTAL portant sur l’articulation des dispositifs conventionnels et alternatifs dans les parcours de soin psychique des lorrains, nous avons étudié ce qui peut amener des personnes à consulter des praticiens non-conventionnels pour des questions de santé mentale. Nous avons conduit des entretiens semi-directifs avec 29 patients, praticiens non-conventionnels et conventionnels de cette région. Pour les praticiens conventionnels, la question des dérives et risques ne semble pas être une préoccupation majeure. Quant aux praticiens non conventionnels, la crainte d’être perçus comme dangereux ou illégaux a des conséquences sur leur pratique même. La multiplication des connexions entre les pratiques pourrait permettre une meilleure compréhension du pluralisme thérapeutique.
Survivre sous le régime des talibans
Authors: Abdul Lamia
Published: March 2024

Le 14 avril 2021, les gouvernements des États-Unis d’Amérique, du Royaume-Uni et leurs alliés ont annoncé le retrait de leurs troupes militaires d’Afghanistan à partir du 1er mai 2021. L’instabilité a dès lors repris place en Afghanistan. Le départ effectif des soldats étrangers le 15 août 2021 a laissé le pays dans un chaos sans précédent laissant place aux talibans à la tête du pays. Plus de deux ans après la prise du pouvoir par les talibans la situation du pays est alarmante. Les fondamentalistes islamistes continuent d’imposer de sévères restrictions afin de soumettre les filles et les femmes à leur conception intégriste de l’Islam. Ces dernières ont été largement exclues des emplois publics, privées d’éducation secondaire et depuis peu des études universitaires et de travail dans les Organisations Non Gouvernementales telles que Unicef ou bien encore l’ONU.
Les procédés (morpho-)syntaxiques de l’interrogation totale directe en français québécois des années 2000 : l’as-tu lu ?, tu l’as-tu lu ?, est-ce que tu l’as lu ?
Authors: Bergeron-Maguire Myriam , Dostie Gaétane , Lefeuvre Florence
Published: March 2024

Le présent article traite de l’interrogation totale directe en français québécois spontané des années 2000, dans une perspective sémantico-syntaxique. Trois procédés interrogatifs sont examinés : l’interrogative par inversion du verbe et du pronom, l’interrogative comportant le morphème est-ce que en tête de phrase et, enfin, l’interrogative impliquant le morphème interrogatif - tu postposé au verbe fléchi ou à l’auxiliaire. L’échantillon étudié a été extrait du Corpus de français parlé au Québec (2006-2019) ; sa taille est de 701 occurrences pour l’ensemble des trois procédés interrogatifs. L’objectif est d’identifier quelques constructions sémantico-syntaxiques saillantes propres à chacun d’entre eux.
L’adverbial prépositionnel à base adjectivale en français en Amérique du Nord : diachronie, vitalité, diversité
Authors: Wissner Inka
Published: March 2024

Les adverbiaux ont fait l’objet de nombreuses analyses en linguistique, que ce soit dans une perspective classificatoire ou, comme ici, variationnelle. Pourtant, les adverbiaux construits selon le schéma ‹PRÉP+ADJ›, comme en grand et par exprès , sont passés largement inaperçus dans la grammaticographie. Depuis peu, le projet panroman The Third Way en retrace l’évolution depuis le latin. Le présent article en cible une centaine en français en Amérique du Nord. L’analyse morphosyntaxique et sémantique confirme leur diversité et leur vitalité dans une perspective historico-variétale, qui tranchent avec leur forte marginalisation en Europe dès le xvii e  siècle.
Enseigner les contemporains : éclairage historique et enjeux
Authors: Houdart-Merot Violaine
Published: March 2024

À partir d’un éclairage historique confrontant la situation au lycée et à l’université, l’article tente de mettre en lumière les causes de l’absence ou la rareté des œuvres contemporaines avant les années 1980 et, à l’inverse, les enjeux de leur émergence au lycée comme à l’université : visibilité des écrivains, déplacement de la conception de la littérature, accès différent à l’histoire littéraire par le dialogue entre écrivains vivants et morts, ouverture à une nouvelle culture rhétorique associée à la culture du commentaire, réconciliant lecture et écriture.
Enseigner la littérature du XXI e siècle : intérêts et/ou réticences des professeurs de français ?
Authors: Ahr Sylviane
Published: March 2024

Si certains professeurs de français se montrent favorables à l’ouverture des corpus scolaires à la littérature du XXI e siècle, d’autres s’y montrent plus ou moins réfractaires. L’article propose d’interroger les facteurs susceptibles d’expliquer ces deux tendances. Après un rapide rappel de la place et du rôle accordés à la littérature du XXI e dans les programmes actuels du collège et du lycée général et technologique, sont interrogées, au regard des ouvertures institutionnelles constatées, d’une part, les conceptions professorales relatives non seulement à la littérature qui s’écrit aujourd’hui mais également à son enseignement, identifiées dans les fils de discussion développés sur le site Neoprofs de 2016 à 2022 ; d’autre part, les pratiques déclarées postées sur le site Weblettres entre 2018 et 2021. Cette double analyse conduit à mettre au jour les besoins en termes de formation, exprimés explicitement ou implicitement par nombre d’enseignants, auxquels les ressources proposées en ligne, entre autres, par l’institution sont susceptibles de répondre.
Pour une transculturalité de la littérature francophone caribéenne
Authors: Boudhau Marlène
Published: March 2024

L’étude interroge la mise en relation de la littérature patrimoniale et de la littérature contemporaine caribéenne dans le manuel scolaire autour de l’entrée littéraire « Individu et société : confrontation de valeurs », mise en exergue dans les programmes ministériels pour la classe de Quatrième. Questionner le paratexte et l’amphitexte du corpus dédié à l’œuvre d’Alexandre Dumas et à celle de Maryse Condé, autour de la question des injustices, permet d’ouvrir à la transculturalité laissant apparaitre un modèle de représentations culturelles communes. Cependant ce parcours de lecture littéraire diversifié, même s’il dévoile un renouveau dans l’engagement de l’écrivain contemporain, n’autorise pas toujours un véritable dialogue transculturel dans la classe.
Le style, notion hologrammatique ?
Authors: Saint-Gérand Jacques-Philippe
Published: March 2024

Le style est-il un objet saisissable à travers les catégories grammaticales ou linguistiques, ou est-il une forme nouménale rétive à toute saisie matérielle ?… L’article plaide en faveur de la nature hologrammatique de cette forme et des mirages qu’elle engendre dans l’esprit des stylisticiens. Les œuvres littéraires, mettant en relation un texte, des interprétants de nature variée et des lecteurs, ne peuvent que produire les images tridimensionnelles d’un objet triplement historicisé dont les herméneutes stylisticiens ne perçoivent que les reflets. Le propre des catégories grammaticales ou linguistiques étant d’être totalement neutres au regard des conditions de leurs pratiques par les auteurs et les lecteurs, la réduction des études de style à l’observation de la Lettre des textes qui dirait l’Esprit des œuvres devient dès lors nécessairement déceptive.
La sécurité de l’information devrait être plus présente dans les programmes des écoles de management
Authors: Meiller Yannick
Published: March 2024

Titulaire d’un doctorat en Informatique et Intelligence artificielle (systèmes industriels), obtenu à ISAE-Supaéro, Yannick Meiller est professeur à ESCP Europe . Ses travaux de recherche et ses enseignements portent pour l’essentiel sur le numérique et les domaines associés (traitements de l’information, Internet des objets, protection des données à caractère personnel, sécurité, systèmes d’information…), ainsi que sur le management de projets innovants . Il nous explique ici pourquoi la sécurité de l’information est un sujet à enseigner dans les écoles de management .
Advancing Nursing Practice: The Evolution and Impact of Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Graebe Jennifer
Published: March 2024

American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Accreditation in Nursing Continuing Professional Development (NCPD) emphasizes the importance of maintaining competence, ensuring patient safety, and supporting career advancement in nursing through learning and development. It underscores the shift toward competency-based and outcome-oriented education models, addressing challenges such as misconceptions about the demands of NCPD and focusing more on the impact. This column provides the “why” for organizations, leaders, and nurses to engage in ANCC accredited NCPD educational programs. It further explores a future where NCPD fosters a skilled, equitable, and diverse health care workforce, promoting transformational learning experiences.

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J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(4):153–156.]
Doctoral Nursing Education: Year 1 Survival Tips
Authors: O'Donnell Mary Gemma , Helbick Emily A.
Published: March 2024

The inaugural year of a doctoral nursing program is a challenging transition from a clinical practitioner to a scholarly expert. Drawing on personal and peer experiences, we offer a comprehensive guide for thriving in this transformative period. Covering crucial aspects such as work-life balance, time management, research skills, and self-care, we offer insights to empower future doctoral nursing students, equipping them to confidently navigate the challenges and emerge as successful scholars in the field.

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J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(4):157–160.]
Mentoring Models to Support Transition to Practice Programs: One Size Does Not Fit All
Authors: Johnson Jaliza , Bradley Kathleen , Bugos Kelly , Hernandez Grissel
Published: March 2024

One-on-one mentoring is not a fit for all transition to practice programs because of the need to recruit large numbers of mentors several times a year and the cost associated with supporting many mentor/mentee relationships. A group mentoring model is sustainable because it can foster a collaborative learning environment and emphasize knowledge sharing, skill acquisition, and emotional support within the group dynamic. Models can be replicated and applied in any setting.

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J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(4):161–164.]
Stochastic epidemic model for the dynamics of novel coronavirus transmission
Authors: Khan Tahir , Rihan Fathalla A. , Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Altanji Mohamed , Zaagan Abdullah A. , Ahmad Hijaz
Published: March 2024

Stochastic differential equation models are important and provide more valuable outputs to examine the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission than traditional models. SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission is a contagious respiratory disease that produces asymptomatically and symptomatically infected individuals who are susceptible to multiple infections. This work was purposed to introduce an epidemiological model to represent the temporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission through the use of stochastic differential equations. First, we formulated the model and derived the well-posedness to show that the proposed epidemiological problem is biologically and mathematically feasible. We then calculated the stochastic reproductive parameters for the proposed stochastic epidemiological model and analyzed the model extinction and persistence. Using the stochastic reproductive parameters, we derived the condition for disease extinction and persistence. Applying these conditions, we have performed large-scale numerical simulations to visualize the asymptotic analysis of the model and show the effectiveness of the results derived.
Exposing the Borders of Academia: Sign Language as a Medium of Knowledge Production, Preservation, and Dissemination (ASL, MP4)
Authors:   Deaf Studies Digital Journal, Boudreault Patrick
Published: March 2024

The _Deaf Studies Digital Journal_ (DSDJ) is a peer-reviewed, digital journal in American Sign Language and English text dedicated to advancing the cultural, creative and critical output of work in and about sign languages and its communities, in the form of scholarly video articles, original works of signed literature, as well as interviews, reviews, and historical resources. This project will preserve and migrate past issues of DSDJ to a new open-access, technologically sustainable platform, which adheres to and advances accessibility standards in publishing through fully bilingual video and text articles, advanced interactive videos, integration into library databases, and innovative peer-review processes that support the exclusive use of sign language to produce the next iteration of DSDJ in an effort to transform scholarly communication.
Unveiling the First French Translation of Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations
Authors: Carpenter Kenneth E. , Sabbagh Gabriel
Published: March 2024

The first French translation of Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations was published in 1778-1779 with a false place of printing and an anonymous translator. This article identifies the printing shop as the French ducal press of Deux-Ponts (nowadays Zweibrüken in Germany). The article also identifies the translator, Jean-Louis Carra, better known for his activity during the French Revolution. The article draws on a wide range of evidence, including ornaments used by the printer, the record of a customs confiscation, a very early French review (hitherto unknown) of the original English edition of Smith’s book, aspects of Carra's life and involvement with the Deux-Ponts press, and a peculiarity of the text of his translation.
Transposer la fiction à la radio-scénie : Beaux Jeunes Monstres, mettre en scène l’expression radiophonique
Authors: Schmitz Sébastien
Published: March 2024

La fiction radiophonique performée sur scène questionne d’une part un des fondements de son identité, à savoir son invisibilité, et d’autre part des usages et esthétiques de son aîné du spectacle vivant, le théâtre. Se mettant en situation de fragilité sur un terrain inattendu, la fiction radiophonique sur scène redéfinit-elle les contours d’une écriture radiogénique ? Quels apports, opportunités mais aussi limites sont observables dans ces processus de transposition ? Comment les outils d’écriture et de fictionnalisation issus d’une pratique de l’art radiophonique, peuvent se déployer sur scène ? Observation à partir de l’expérience d’un collectif de création hybride : Le Collectif Wow !
Catalytıc Pyrolysıs Systems of Lıght Hydrocarbons
Authors: Khalafova Irada , Mammadli Kenan
Published: March 2024

An alternative to thermal pyrolysis is catalytic pyrolysis, which provides a higher conversion of raw materials at a lower temperature than thermal pyrolysis, that is, it reduces the energy intensity of the process and increases the selectivity of pyrolysis for lower alkenes.
Thermodynamic Properties of GaAs Solid Materials Extended to Surface Adsorption under External Magnetic Fields, Pressure, and Temperature
Authors: Gindaba Alemu Gurmessa , Woldemariam Menberu Mengesha , Etana Senbeto Kena , Elangovan Sampandam
Published: March 2024

This research work instrumentalizes comprehensively the impacts of independent parameters like surface pressure, external magnetic field, and temperature on statistical thermodynamic quantities free energy, magnetization, occupied surface fraction, and equilibrium length. We approached it differently from a theoretical investigation conducted dealt with the behavioral dependence of surface parameters. Our mechanism was to investigate the interrelation between two dependent variables under exposure to two or more different independent parameters. Thus it seems complicated but it is used to probe surface information from the system at the same pace. We investigated the thermal excitation effect that leads to the detachment of the electron gas in contact with each occupied surface site, which reduces the adsorption of the surface in contrary external magnetic fields and pressure enhances the occupied surface probability of electrons to contact surface sites. Our findings reveal that the solid GaAs surface tends to capture electrons under the influences of external magnetic fields and pressure thus binding electrons and putting additional confining potential meanwhile the surface properties are affected. On the other hand surface, free energy has an inverse relation with magnetization, occupied surface fraction, in the case of equilibrium length it depended on the strong external magnetic fields.
Effect of Two Bacterial Isolates on Selected Improved Rice Varieties Under In Vitro and Greenhouse Condition
Authors: Chathurika L. G. I. , Mandic-Mulec I. , Greenberg E. P. , Senanayake G. , Geekiyanage S.
Published: March 2024

Sri Lankan rice cultivation has been heavily dependent on the large-scale use of inorganic fertilizers since the introduction of new improved rice varieties to farmers in the 1960s. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers is adverse on human health and the environment. Plant growth-promoting bacteria are recognized as an eco-friendly approach to replace inorganic fertilizer. However, there are a few numbers of reports on efficient biofertilizers for Sri Lankan conditions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of two selected local bacterial isolates (I-I and I-II) under in vitro and greenhouse condition, on commonly grown improved rice varieties in the low country of Sri Lanka. The experiment was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Bacterial isolates (106 colony forming units / millilitre) were inoculated on 2-day old sterile rice seedlings. Sri Lankan improved rice variety Bg 300 inoculated with I-I and I-II reported significant low number of days to flowering (DF) as 74 ±0 and 75±0.11 in contrast to that of control plants (79 ±0.16) and both isolates I-I and I-II significantly increased root length as 10 ±0.4, and 12±0.03 cm respectively, over control plants (7 ±0.2 cm) under in vitro condition. Above experiment was extended under greenhouse condition with three improved rice varieties of Bg 300, Bg 379/2 and At 308 in Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Sri Lanka (in ecological zone WL2 of Low Country Wet Zone) and with Bg 300 in Beliatta, Sri Lanka (in ecological zone IL1b of Low Country Intermediate Zone) under greenhouse condition with four replicates. The bacteria inoculated plants of Bg 379/2 reported significantly lower number of DF of 112.5±0.86 and 114±0.28 in contrast to that of control plants (118.5±1.22). The plants of Bg 300 and Bg 379/2 with I-I, produced the highest number of grains per first panicle (GP) as 134±7.35 and 157±11.2 respectively over those of the control plants of Bg 300 and Bg 379/2 (105.75±6.98 and 132±2.94 respectively). Bacteria inoculation did not affect DF and GP in rice variety At 308 indicating the different responses of variety on inoculation in the experiment at WL2. Bacterial isolate I-I inoculated plants showed significantly higher GP in contrast to control in greenhouse at IL1b. There is a potential for tested bacteria to be developed as a biofertilizer through subsequent field experiments in the future.
The status of intimate partner violence against pregnant women in contemporary China: a scoping review
Authors: Fan Xue Mei , Kim Hae Won
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This review explored the status of publications on intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women in contemporary China.Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycInfo databases were searched using the terms “IPV,” “pregnant woman,” “Chinese,” and synonyms in English, along with related keywords for Chinese publications. All literature pertaining to IPV during pregnancy, conducted in China, and published between 1987 and September 2023 was included.Results: A total of 37 articles from 30 studies were selected. The prevalence of IPV during pregnancy ranged from 2.5% to 31.3%, with psychological violence being the most common form. Frequently identified risk factors included unintended pregnancy, poor family economic conditions, male partners engaging in health risk behaviors, poor employment status of women or their partners, low education levels among women, physical or mental health issues, strained couple relationships, and in-law conflicts. IPV during pregnancy primarily led to mental health problems for the victims and could result in adverse obstetric outcomes, as well as negative effects on the temperament and development of the offspring. Victims in China demonstrated a low willingness to seek help from professionals. Furthermore, relevant research in mainland China is scarce, with a limited number of studies and non-standardized research methodologies.Conclusion: Future research should investigate IPV in pregnancy from various perspectives, identify factors unique to IPV during pregnancy, and focus on high-risk groups. Considering the conditions in China, there is a pressing need to increase public awareness of IPV and to investigate interventions aimed at addressing this issue.
Comparison and evaluation of the methods for measuring hemolytic activity of Stomolophus meleagris jellyfish tentacle extract
Authors: Wang Yongfang , He Yiran , Yang Fengling , Wang Yi , Peng Zhaoyun , Xiao Liang , Pozzolini Marina , Zhu Yina
Published: March 2024

Hemolytic activity assessment is a widely used method to evaluate the toxicity of marine organisms, including jellyfish. However, there are some challenges associated with testing hemolytic activity. In this study, four methods were employed to compare the hemolytic activity of jellyfish tentacle extract (TE). Firstly, a microplate reader was used to compare the mouse hemoglobin solution at three different wavelengths (415 nm, 541 nm, and 576 nm), and the most sensitive wavelength was selected for further experiments. Secondly, photomicrograph counting was used to determine the number of complete red blood cells in the field of view. Thirdly, a microplate reader was used to test hemolytic activity in a 96-well plate at 415 nm. Fourthly, a Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) kit was used to test the concentration of hemoglobin in the solution. Finally, a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer was used to test hemolytic activity at 415 nm. Among the three wavelengths tested, the absorption value was most sensitive at 415 nm. The photomicrograph counting method was able to reflect changes in the shape of Red Blood Cells (RBCs). The microplate reader method may exhibit deviations when the solution concentration is high, while external factors could influence the BCA kit when the toxin concentration in the experimental group is low. The spectrophotometer method was found to be relatively accurate and sensitive to changes. When optimizing the method, it is important to consider the applicability of the Beer-Lambert law and the concentration of solutions.
Rosmarinic acid improves tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats
Authors: Abbasnia Vahideh , Foadoddini Mohsen , Esfahani Delaram Eslimi , Khazdair Mohammad Reza , Oryan Shahrbanoo
Published: March 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of rosmarinic acid on tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.

Methods:

Rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control group, the asthmatic group, and the asthmatic groups treated with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg; oral gavage) or three doses of rosmarinic acid (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg; oral gavage). For induction of asthma, rats received intraperitoneal injections and inhalation of ovalbumin. After 21 days, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung samples were collected for histopathological analyses. Moreover, total and differential white blood cell counts were determined.

Results:

The rosmarinic acid-treated group had significantly lower tracheal smooth muscle responses to methacholine than the asthmatic group. In addition, rosmarinic acid reduced white blood cell count and the percentages of eosinophils, monocytes, and neutrophils while increasing the percentage of lymphocytes. Ovalbumin-induced lung pathological changes were significantly improved by treatment with rosmarinic acid.

Conclusions:

Rosmarinic acid improves tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.
Effects of Cervical Preparation Design on Fracture Strength of Lithium Disilicate Endocrowns in Endodontically Treated Molars: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jafari Hamid Reza Zaker , Koochaki Mahsa , Mohammaditabaar Mohammad Sadegh , Hendi Amirreza
Published: March 2024

Introduction: We aimed to assess the effect of the type of finish line and ferrule on fracture resistance of lithium disilicate endocrowns. Methods: The literature search was done in Pubmed, Scopus, Dimensions, and Web of Science till August 2023, without language restrictions, using the following terms: ("endocrown" OR "endocrowns" OR "endo-crown" OR "endodontic crown" OR "endodontically treated crown") AND ("preparation" OR "preparation design") AND "fracture resistance" AND "lithium disilicate" AND "molars". Grey literature was similarly investigated via WorldCat, Open Grey, and Google Scholar. An artificial intelligence-powered software, SWIFT-Review, is employed for text mining at the selection stage. Risk of bias among included studies according to the QUIN was also assesed. Results: From 49 articles resulted from a systematic search of databases, four of them qualified as eligible studies to be reviewed. All included articles were reports of in vitro studies and their outcome were controversial. Koosha et al. and Naji et al. reported non-significant differences between specimens with ferrule and shoulder finish lines and butt-joint finish lines. However, Einhorn et al., indicated that restorations with ferrule exhibited significantly higher fracture resistance than butt-joints. Amin et al., concluded ferrule design would improve fracture resistance. All included studies in the review are evaluated as medium risk. Furthermore, no study had considered blinding in the methods. Conclusion: Outcomes of included studies were controversial, and concerning the methodological limitations of included studies it is not that easy to reach a clear and definitive conclusion.
Determining Kidney Damage Risk Factors Associated with Urine Paraquat Levels and Biochemical Urine Profile of Farmers in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Perdani Rizki , Suhartono Eko , Syauqiah Isna , Kania Nia , Noor Meitria Syahadatina
Published: March 2024

Aim:

Kidney damage from paraquat is influenced by several factors, including the duration of work, the span of exposure from the pesticide spraying, and the nutritional status of the farmers. This damage can be indicated by the high levels of paraquat and changes of the biochemical status in the urine. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between the length of work, duration of spraying, and the nutritional status obtained from the measurement of body mass index (BMI) values, with the paraquat levels and biochemical status of the farmer’s urine samples.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a cross-sectional study and was conducted in September 2022 in North Landasan Ulin Village, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The length of work and spraying duration were obtained from the direct interviews, while the BMI values were calculated by dividing the body weight (kg) by the body’s height (m). Analysis of the paraquat levels in the urine was measured using a spectrophotometer, while the urine’s biochemical status was obtained using the dipstick colorimetric method. Statistical analysis used: the relationship between each variable is analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test.

Results:

Results from the study show that the length of work, duration of spraying, and BMI were moderately associated with an increase in the urinary paraquat levels (correlation coefficient [Rs] 0.26–0.50) (P < 0.05); although the previous factors did not appear to correlate with any changes in the urine’s biochemical status.

Conclusion:

In summary, prolonged exposure to the spray in combination with the farmers’ long work hours, and also factoring in the abnormal BMI values, resulted in an increase of paraquat levels in the urine.
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS) – Case Series from a Tertiary Center in Kerala
Authors: Padmanabhan Priya , P Jayameena , Mampilly Neena , Francis Shinto , Sherif Ajmal , George Sunil , Mathew Thomas
Published: March 2024

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) has gained importance because identifying the monoclonal deposit and addressing it, rather than treating renal dysfunction as the primary pathology, has salvaged the patients from progressing into end-stage renal disease. Since it affects elderly population, there could be a propensity to misdiagnose them with cardiorenal syndrome. We present four patients of MGRS diagnosed from our center. They presented with proteinuria or unexplained renal dysfunction. Three of the patients were diagnosed to have amyloidosis, of which two had lambda-type and one had kappa amyloidosis. The fourth patient had fibrillary glomerulonephritis with kappa restriction, further evaluation of which led to diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Absence of “M” band in protein electrophoresis and a normal bone marrow study should not stop physicians from further evaluation. Quantitative serum immunofixation electrophoresis and electron microscopic examination of renal biopsy have become a comprehensive diagnostic tool in such patients.
Full-thickness Ureteroneocystostomy in Kidney Transplant: Evaluation of Complications and Graft Survival Outcomes at a High-volume Center
Authors: Fernandes André Sobreiro , Lobato Nathália Ribeiro , Duarte Rafaela Girardi , Cavaleri Alexandre , Dávila Francisco Javier Salamea , Dos Santos Emanuel Burck , Neto Brasil Silva
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

To report a large series where the full-thickness (FT) technique was applied and evaluate infectious and functional outcomes and compare these to the available literature. The ureteroneocystostomy technique of kidney transplantation has great variability. Kidney transplants performed at our institution use the FT technique as opposed to most centers. Ureteroneocystostomy performed without an anti-reflux mechanism (without tunneling) may increase the risk of acute renal graft pyelonephritis (AGPN) and thus compromise graft survival.

Methods:

Retrospective cohort study, based on 1275 medical records of kidney transplanted patients between 2007 and 2018. The outcomes were renal graft survival, ureteral complications, and occurrence of AGPN. Kaplan-Meier’s analysis is used to describe estimated time averages and variability through the Log-Rank test. Poisson regression model is used to estimate multivariable prevalence ratios.

Results:

We found that renal graft survival rates were comparable to those found in the literature. The AGPN rate in our series was 12.53 episodes/100 patient-years, like other series in the literature. The ureteral complications rates are also similar. Our limitations were the impossibility to compare our results with a controlled group and the limited data underlying pathologies, rejection, and type of immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

The FT technique has survival outcomes and complications comparable to those of the Lich-Gregoir (LG) technique. The FT technique is simple and quicker to perform than LG and is a suitable alternative for ureteroneocystostomy for kidney transplant procedure.
Thrombotic Microangiopathy in ABO-incompatible Kidney Transplant – Eculizumab to the Rescue
Authors: Khan Mohammed Fahad , Siddini Vishwanath , Mahesha V. , Ballal Sudarshan
Published: March 2024

A 51 year old gentleman diagnosed with end stage renal disease due to Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease underwent an ABO-incompatible transplant with his wife as the donor. He was given two doses of Rituximab 500mg prior to transplant and started on tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil fourteen days prior transplant. His baseline titres for Anti-A IgG were 1:32 and he underwent three sessions of Double filtration plasmapheresis, and pretransplant titres reduced to 1:1. Within 6 hours of the transplant surgery his urine output showed a drop and Renal angiogram showed patchy enhancement of the kidney in the interpolar region and lower pole with suspected acute kink in the arterial branch supplying the upper pole. He was re-explored in view of the kink, and an allograft biopsy was done and no kink was detected. Intraoperative renal artery doppler showed good blood flow with no evidence of thrombosis. The renal biopsy was reported to have 20-25% cortical necrosis with Vascular and Glomerular Thrombotic microangiopathy. Anti A titres were 1:16. He was subsequently treated with 7 sessions of plasmapheresis, 60 grams of IVIg and 2250mg of methylprednisolone. His urine output showed marginal improvement and was subsequently treated with two doses of 600mg Eculizumab given one week apart. Over the next few weeks his urine output improved to more than 3000ml per day and creatinine improved to 2.5mg/dl. This case highlights salvage of a hyperacute rejection with TMA with timely plasmapheresis and Eculizumab.
Immunological Complexity of Anti-human Leukocyte Antigen-C Donor-specific Antibodies: Therapeutic Insights from Two Cases
Authors: Gaur Lovy , Kher Ajay , Singhal Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2024

Anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are associated with antibody-mediated rejection and chronic allograft nephropathy in kidney transplantation. The interpretation of immunological assays for DSAs can be challenging due to discordant results. In this report, we present two cases of kidney transplantation involving patients with anti-HLA-C DSAs. We discuss the interpretation of their immunological tests, including complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) crossmatches, flow cytometry crossmatches, and donor-specific antigen using single-antigen bead (SAB) assays, which influenced therapeutic decisions. In the first case, the patient exhibited isolated B-cell-positive crossmatch and autoantibodies, prompting the consideration of polyclonal autoantibodies in the context of underlying hepatitis C infection. The SAB assay detected only one DSA against HLA-C 03:03:01 (mean fluorescence intensity – 27,127). After careful evaluation and confirmation of negative CDC crossmatch, transplantation proceeded, and the patient demonstrated good graft function. In the second case, the patient showed a positive T-cell crossmatch along with anti-Class I HLA DSAs against HLA C*07:01 and HLA C*07:02. Despite these findings, transplantation was performed based on the absence of complement-binding antibodies. The patient experienced good graft recovery with stable kidney function. The presence of HLA-C DSAs poses challenges in transplantation decision-making. Despite conflicting studies, the pathological nature of these antibodies has been demonstrated. Careful interpretation of immunological tests and consideration of the overall clinical context are essential in making therapeutic decisions. Further research is needed to understand the clinical significance of HLA-C DSAs and their impact on graft outcomes.
Investigation of the Effects of Maternal Nutrition during Pregnancy on Cognitive Functions of Toddlers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jalali Chimeh Fatemeh , Aghaie Elham , Ghavi Saeed , Fatahnia Rangin
Published: March 2024

Background:

Growing the human brain requires all necessary nutrients to form and maintain, so the development of cognitive functions of infants and children depends on adequate nutrition. Children whose mothers had inadequate nutrition are at high risk for cognitive dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to review the studies conducted on “the relationship between nutrient intake during pregnancy and the development of cognitive functions in toddlers”. The present study was conducted by systematic review method using PRISMA checklist items.

Methods:

To conduct this study, the keywords “maternal nutrition”, “pregnancy diet”, “pregnancy supplement”, “IQ”, “intelligence quotient”, “neurodevelopment”, “cognitive function”, “toddler”, “early years” and “infant” were searched based on the Mesh database in scientific databases including Scopus, SID, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct to find articles related to the effect of nutrition during pregnancy on the development of the cognitive function of toddlers and its components in Persian and English. Finally, 17 articles were selected for review in this study.

Results:

The results showed that taking a supplement of iron, saturated fatty acids, vitamins B and D, and folic acid improved the cognitive functions of toddlers. On the other hand, taking supplements containing iodine and zinc had no significant effect on the development of cognitive functions. Diets containing seafood during pregnancy had a beneficial effect on the cognitive functions of children.

Conclusions:

The study results highlighted the importance of adequate nutrition during pregnancy and showed that maternal nutrition played an important role in the development of cognitive functions of toddlers.
Association of Postpartum Depression with Maternal Serum Magnesium Levels, Infant Growth, and Neurodevelopmental Indices
Authors: Pourmirzaiee Mohammad A. , Daniali Seyede S. , Riahi Roya , Majidi Sepideh , Kelishadi Roya
Published: March 2024

Background:

Postpartum depression (PPD) can exert both short-term and long-term effects on a child’s health. Offspring born to mothers who suffer from PPD face an elevated susceptibility to encountering psychological disturbances and developmental delays. Moreover, there has been conjecture surrounding a plausible connection between maternal magnesium (Mg) levels and psychiatric manifestations. This study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal Mg levels and PPD and the correlation between PPD and an infant’s growth and neurodevelopment at 6 and 12 months.

Methods:

This longitudinal study is a sub-study derived from the “PERSIAN Birth Cohort Study,” encompassing 224 mother–infant pairs randomly enlisted during 2019–2020 in Isfahan. Maternal serum magnesium (Mg) levels were measured at 38 weeks of gestation. PPD was evaluated employing the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) four weeks postpartum. Measurements of birth size were undertaken, adhering to standardized protocols at birth, 6 months, and 12 months. Anthropometric parameters and the Persian version of the validated Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) were employed to assess infant neurodevelopmental status at 6 and 12 months.

Results:

Overall, 22.3% of mothers grappled with PPD. The mean (standard deviation) maternal magnesium levels (Mg) were 1.95 ± 0.23 mg/dL. No statistically significant association was detected between maternal serum magnesium (Mg) levels and the incidence of PPD. Correspondingly, no significant association emerged between PPD and indices of growth. However, a noteworthy distinction materialized in the communication scores of offspring born to depressed and non-depressed mothers following adjustments for confounding variables at 12 months (β = 1.81; 95% confidence interval: 0.32-3.30). Furthermore, a substantial regression in communication skills became apparent between 6 and 12 months.

Conclusions:

This study failed to establish a significant association between maternal serum magnesium (Mg) levels and PPD. Nevertheless, research lends credence to an inverse correlation between maternal depression and subsequent behavioral difficulties in offspring, such as communication skills. Thus, the imperative nature of screening for PPD should be underscored to facilitate its early detection and intervention, thereby enhancing infant well-being.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Presenting to the Emergency Department with Headaches
Authors: Grossberg Aaron Jacob , Galwankar Sagar C.
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a thromboembolic disease of the intracranial venous systems. The disease can be difficult to diagnose as it often requires a high index of suspicion. Risk factors for the disease include pregnancy, oral contraceptive pills, congenital thrombophilia, infection, cancer, polycythemia, head trauma, and recent surgery. However, there have been no studies in the United States that have examined whether pregnancy and the postpartum stage are truly a risk factor for CVT. The aim of this study is to determine whether pregnant and postpartum women presenting to the emergency department with headaches have a higher incidence of CVT to better risk stratify which patients need to have advanced imaging pursued.

Methods:

A retrospective, observational case–control study was performing by querying the electronic medical record at a large county hospital for patients presenting with a headache to the emergency department. Patients were stratified into groups based on whether they were diagnosed with CVT, pregnancy status, and comorbid conditions to determine the risk associated between pregnancy, the puerperium stage, and CVT.

Results:

A total of 20,955 males and females presented to the emergency department between January 1, 2016 and April 13, 2023, with a chief complaint of headache. There were 19,474 female patients and 9581 male patients. In the case group, there were 793 pregnant women and 53 postpartum women. In the control group, there were 18,628 women who were not pregnant. Of the 22 patients diagnosed with CVT, 1 was in the puerperium stage and no patients were pregnant. Pregnant and postpartum patients were 1.05 (0.14–7.80) times more likely to develop CVT. Pregnant and postpartum patients were 1.73 (0.23–13.52) times more likely to develop CVT when controlled for comorbidities. Patients in the puerperium stage were 26.48 (3.33–210.87) times more likely to develop CVT when controlled for comorbidities.

Conclusion:

Pregnant patients presenting to the emergency department with headaches do not have a significantly higher risk of CVT; however, puerperium patients have a significantly higher risk of CVT compared to the general population.