bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Green Cloud Computing an Algorithmic Approach for Energy Minimization in Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Jeba Jenia Afrin , Roy Shanto , Rashid Mahbub Or , Atik Syeda Tanjila , Whaiduzzaman Md
Published: March 2021

The article presents an efficient energy optimization framework based on dynamic resource scheduling for VM migration in cloud data centers. This increasing number of cloud data centers all over the world are consuming a vast amount of power and thus, exhaling a huge amount of CO2 that has a strong negative impact on the environment. Therefore, implementing Green cloud computing by efficient power reduction is a momentous research area. Live Virtual Machine (VM) migration, and server consolidation technology along with appropriate resource allocation of users' tasks, is particularly useful for reducing power consumption in cloud data centers. In this article, the authors propose algorithms which mainly consider live VM migration techniques for power reduction named “Power_reduction” and “VM_migration.” Moreover, the authors implement dynamic scheduling of servers based on sequential search, random search, and a maximum fairness search for convenient allocation and higher utilization of resources. The authors perform simulation work using CloudSim and the Cloudera simulator to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. Results show that the proposed approaches achieve around 30% energy savings than the existing algorithms.
Processing IoT Data
Authors: Pramanik Pijush Kanti Dutta , Pal Saurabh , Brahmachari Aditya , Choudhury Prasenjit
Published: March 2021

This chapter describes how traditionally, Cloud Computing has been used for processing Internet of Things (IoT) data. This works fine for the analytical and batch processing jobs. But most of the IoT applications demand real-time response which cannot be achieved through Cloud Computing mainly because of inherent latency. Fog Computing solves this problem by offering cloud-like services at the edge of the network. The computationally powerful edge devices have enabled realising this idea. Witnessing the exponential rise of IoT applications, Fog Computing deserves an in-depth exploration. This chapter establishes the need for Fog Computing for processing IoT data. Readers will be able to gain a fair comprehension of the various aspects of Fog Computing. The benefits, challenges and applications of Fog Computing with respect to IoT have been mentioned elaboratively. An architecture for IoT data processing is presented. A thorough comparison between Cloud and Fog has been portrayed. Also, a detailed discussion has been depicted on how the IoT, Fog, and Cloud interact among them.
Unique Fog Computing Taxonomy for Evaluating Cloud Services
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep , Goundar Sam
Published: March 2021

Fog computing has the potential to resolve cloud computing issues by extending the cloud service provider's reach to the edge of the cloud network model, right up to the cloud service consumer. This enables a whole new state of applications and services which increases the security, enhances the cloud experience, and keeps the data close to the user. This chapter presents a review on the academic literature research work on fog computing, introduces a novel taxonomy to classify cloud products based on fog computing elements, and then determines the best fit fog computing product to choose for the cloud service consumer.
Resource Management in Sensor Cloud
Authors: Sangulagi Prashant , Sutagundar Ashok V.
Published: March 2021

Sensor Cloud is one of the attractive trend in present world. Sensor cloud is a combination of wireless sensor network and cloud computing. Due to the lack of battery energy and bandwidth the sensor nodes are incapable to store and process large data. Hence storing raw data is a challenging task. The sensor cloud comes into existence to accomplish multiple tasks that are not possible with existing sensor network. In sensor cloud the sensed data are processed and stored in the clouds and data can be accessed anywhere and anytime. Maintaining the resources and providing the resources to end users is a challenging task in sensor cloud. This chapter will brief the architecture of sensor cloud, application of sensor cloud in various sector, advantages of using sensor cloud compared to existing networks and management of resources in sensor cloud.
Fog Computing Qos Review and Open Challenges
Authors: Babu R. , Jayashree K. , Abirami R.
Published: March 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) enables inters connectivity among devices and platforms. IoT devices such as sensors, or embedded systems offer computational, storage, and networking resources and the existence of these resources permits to move the execution of IoT applications to the edge of the network and it is known as fog computing. It is able to handle billions of Internet-connected devices and is well situated for real-time big data analytics and provides advantages in advertising and personal computing. The main issues in fog computing includes fog networking, QoS, interfacing and programming model, computation offloading, accounting, billing and monitoring, provisioning and resource management, security and privacy. A particular research challenge is the Quality of Service metric for fog services. Thus, this paper gives a survey of cloud computing, discusses the QoS metrics, and the future research directions in fog computing.
A High Performance Model for Task Allocation in Distributed Computing System Using K-Means Clustering Technique
Authors: Kumar Harendra , Chauhan Nutan Kumari , Yadav Pradeep Kumar
Published: March 2021

Tasks allocation is an important step for obtaining high performance in distributed computing system (DCS). This article attempts to develop a mathematical model for allocating the tasks to the processors in order to achieve optimal cost and optimal reliability of the system. The proposed model has been divided into two stages. Stage-I, makes the ‘n' clusters of set of ‘m' tasks by using k-means clustering technique. To use the k-means clustering techniques, the inter-task communication costs have been modified in such a way that highly communicated tasks are clustered together to minimize the communication costs between tasks. Stage-II, allocates the ‘n' clusters of tasks onto ‘n' processors to minimize the system cost. To design the mathematical model, executions costs and inter tasks communication costs have been taken in the form of matrices. To test the performance of the proposed model, many examples are considered from different research papers and results of examples have compared with some existing models.
An Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Detecting Distributed Predicates
Authors: Al Maghayreh Eslam
Published: March 2021

Developing correct dependable distributed applications is a difficult task. The techniques developed to detect distributed predicates can be used to verify the satisfaction of specific properties (represented as predicates) in a given run of a distributed application. These techniques have several applications including the verification of the correctness of a particular implementation of a distributed system (runtime verification). Due to concurrency, the number of states to be considered in detecting a distributed predicate is exponential. This article investigates the effectiveness of using a meta-heuristic algorithm in solving the problem of detecting distributed predicates. Namely, the authors have used the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm to develop an algorithm to detect distributed predicates. The conducted experiments demonstrate that the ABC-based detection algorithm has a better performance compared with the traditional state enumeration-based detection algorithm.
Machine Learning Techniques Application
Authors: Karthikeyan P.  , Velswamy Karunakaran , Harshavardhanan Pon , Rajagopal R.  , JeyaKrishnan V.  , Velliangiri S.
Published: March 2021

Machine learning is the part of artificial intelligence that makes machines learn without being expressly programmed. Machine learning application built the modern world. Machine learning techniques are mainly classified into three techniques: supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised. Machine learning is an interdisciplinary field, which can be joined in different areas including science, business, and research. Supervised techniques are applied in agriculture, email spam, malware filtering, online fraud detection, optical character recognition, natural language processing, and face detection. Unsupervised techniques are applied in market segmentation and sentiment analysis and anomaly detection. Deep learning is being utilized in sound, image, video, time series, and text. This chapter covers applications of various machine learning techniques, social media, agriculture, and task scheduling in a distributed system.
Investigation Into Cloud Computing Adoption Within the Hedge Fund Industry
Authors: Cole Thomas , Bhardwaj Amit Kumar , Garg Lalit , Shrivastava Divya Prakash
Published: March 2021

Cloud computing is not associated with a specific technology, instead it as an alternative method to deliver technology as a service. This article investigates current cloud computing adoption in the United States (USA) and United Kingdom (UK) hedge fund industry. Hedge fund technologists, prime service consultants, technology service providers, industry application vendors, investors and an independent information security consultant participated were surveyed for this article. The article acknowledges the growth of cloud computing in the hedge fund sector. This research work also highlights that the private cloud definition is vague and requires further classification, elaborating on the variants of private cloud. This is important as the variants of private cloud computing offer varying benefits and risk which the hedge fund sector has proven to be sensitive. Equally, this article argues that some of the current security concerns are over-stated and perhaps reflect a conservative decision making framework rather than a realistic consideration of the options.
A Comprehensive Report on Security and Privacy Challenges in Software as a Service
Authors: Tiwari Pradeep Kumar , Joshi Sandeep
Published: March 2021

Researchers have done tremendous works for data security, but a robust security mechanism is not available yet. Researchers are doing continuous work to build robust SaaS mechanism. SaaS has several security vulnerabilities. Data security is still the most important challenge to researcher and they can constantly do research to protect the data over the network but they are facing numerous technical challenges to completely secure the cloud network and cloud storage. This work would be helpful to understand data security and privacy problems. Researchers can find the new way to understand SaaS security vulnerabilities and currently available solutions.
Vehicular Fog Computing Paradigm
Authors: Grover Jyoti
Published: March 2021

The main objective of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is to improve driver safety and traffic efficiency. Most VANET applications are based on periodic exchange of safety messages between nearby vehicles and between vehicles and nearby road side communication units (e.g., traffic lights, road-side lights, etc.). This periodic communication generates huge amount of data that have typical storage, computation, and communication resources needs. In recent years, there has been huge developments in automotive industry, computing, and communication technologies. This has led to vehicular cloud computing (VCC) as a solution to satisfy the requirements of VANETs such as computing, storage, and networking resources. Vehicular fog computing (VFC) is a standard that comprehends cloud computing and related services to the proximity of a network. Since VANET applications have special mobility, low latency, and location awareness requirements, fog computing plays a significant role in VANET applications and services. In urban cities, vehicles parked at shopping malls, offices and similar other places are under-utilized. These can offer great opportunity and value to implement applications of VFC by utilizing vehicles as an infrastructure. In this chapter, we present real time scenarios and applications of VANET that can be implemented using VFC. VANET applications and quality of service can be enhanced by aggregating the resources of these vehicles. We discuss different types of scenarios of moving and parked vehicles as computational, communication, storage and network infrastructures. We have also discussed the challenges and open problems to implement VFC system. This chapter provides the thorough understanding of novel research paradigm and about vehicular communication infrastructures.
Distributed Computing for Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Patel Dharmendra Trikamlal
Published: March 2021

In recent years, internet of things (IoT) has expanded due to very good internet infrastructure everywhere. IoT has the ability to create a network of physical things that use embedded technologies in order to sense, converse, cooperate, and team up with other things. IoT-based applications require scalability and fault tolerance, which is very difficult to implement in centralized systems and computing environments. Distributed computing is an ideal solution to implement IoT-based applications. The chapter starts with the basics of distributed computing where difference with centralized computing, challenges, and types of distributed computing applications are discussed. The chapter deals with the role of distributed computing for IoT based on advantages, issues, and related IoT-based applications. The chapter discusses the recent topic of distributed computing—FOG computing—in connection with IoT-based applications. At last, the chapter addresses research and interest trends about distributed computing and IoT.
Distributed Top-K Join Queries Optimizing for RDF Datasets
Authors: Gu Jinguang , Dong Hao , Liu Zhao , Xu Fangfang
Published: March 2021

In recent years, the scale of RDF datasets is increasing rapidly, the query research on RDF datasets in the transitional centralized environment is unable to meet the increasing demand of data query field, especially the top-k query. Based on the Spark distributed computing system and the HBase distributed storage system, a novel method is proposed for top-k query. A top–k query plan STA (Spark Threshold Algorithm) is proposed to reduce the connection operation of RDF data. Furthermore, a better algorithm SSJA (Spark Simple Join Algorithm) is presented to reduce the sorting related operations for the intermediate data. A cache mechanism is also proposed to speed up the SSJA algorithm. The experimental results show that the SSJA algorithm performs better than the STA algorithm in term of the cost and applicability, and it can significantly improve the SSJA's performance by introducing the cache mechanism.
An Efficient Stochastic Update Propagation Method in Data Warehousing
Authors: Bordoloi Bijoy , Kapoor Bhushan , Jacks Tim
Published: March 2021

This article develops a stochastic update propagation method for an operational data store (ODS) in data warehousing (DW) environments where data storage (and retrieval) is required as a sum of data at distributed source nodes. The authors' proposed method results in less network traffic (as compared with the real-time method) due to update propagation required because of changes in source data. More importantly, the method allows system users to place limits on the discrepancy between the source data and the ODS data that could result due to a time lag between source data changes and the update operation. Finally, the pre-specified limits on the discrepancy are maintained while accounting for two crucial factors in distributed systems: 1) some nodes are situated on more congested network links, and 2) some of the links on the network are less reliable. Real-time data propagation does not account for these frequently encountered networking concerns.
Attitude of Library and Information Science Professionals Towards Resource Sharing and Networking of Academic Libraries
Authors: Ramadhas G.  , Suman Sankar A. S.
Published: March 2021

Information explosion is the common phenomenon in the modern era in which no library can stand alone in fulfilling the information needs and requirements of its users. Resource sharing provides the means to maximize the usage of library collection irrespective of its type. Networking of libraries facilitates resource sharing among the participating libraries in an effective manner and it indirectly facilitates marketing of library sources among a group of libraries. Technology alone is not sufficient to bring together the sources. The attitudes of the people involved in the information dissemination are also a decisive factor in determining the success of resource sharing through networking of libraries. This chapter presents the attitude of information professionals for effective resource sharing and networking of academic libraries in the southern districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The study revealed that library and information science professionals have a positive attitude towards resource sharing and networking of libraries.
Economics of Resource Sharing via Library Consortia
Authors: Mwanzu Arnold
Published: March 2021

The chapter seeks to discuss the role played by library consortia in resource sharing among libraries, media organizations, and archives. It will outline the existing models that are functioning effectively especially in the developing countries and discuss the best practices. The target audience being libraries, archives, and media. While unravelling the economics of resources sharing among the information players, the chapter will address the challenges and opportunities in supporting research, teaching, and learning. The value of the book chapter is that it will give an insight into the development of library consortia and their significance as opportunities to provide equal access to research in libraries, archives, and media. The chapter will also provide a comprehensive comparison between library consortia in developing countries and developed countries highlighting how resource sharing in developing countries has helped to bridge the gap of information access, thereby showing progressive development.
Exploring the Use of Cloud Computing Systems in Tertiary Education
Authors: Adjei Joseph Kwame
Published: March 2021

Research on cloud computing systems has largely focused on the technology and security issues at the expense of understanding users' experiences with the technology. Through a phenomenological approach, this study explored the lived experiences of faculty members of tertiary institutions with respect to their use of cloud computing systems. We carried out an in-depth phenomenological interview among faculty members of selected tertiary institutions in Ghana. We explored their lived experiences on the use of cloud computing systems for academic activities. The results point to tensions between faculty members' identity and information privacy on one hand, and the requirement to effectively execute their academic and professional responsibilities. We conclude that while cloud computing systems enhance the reach and richness of academic information dissemination and academic interactions, faculty members must establish personal and professional boundaries in order to derive meaningful benefits from the use of such systems
Resource Management in Vehicular Cloud Computing
Authors: Ibrahim Sawsan Elfatih , Saeed Rashid A. Abd Elhaleem , Mukherjee Amitava
Published: March 2021

Vehicular ad hoc networks are relied upon to essentially enhance movement security and transportation productivity. Accessible correspondence, stockpiling, and calculation assets of the associated vehicles are not well used to meet the administration necessities of canny transportation frameworks. Vehicular cloud computing (VCC) is a promising methodology that makes utilization of the preferences of distributed computing and applies them to vehicular systems. Vehicles have turned out to be prepared with different sensors and assets, making them competent to convey, to share assets, and to carry on helpfully. VC can be depicted from the point of view of uses and administrations offered by vehicles that have a place with a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) due to the impediment of calculation, stockpiling, and data transfer capacity assets for complex in-vehicle sight and sound amusement applications.
Detection of Worms Over Cloud Environment
Authors: M. Thangavel , B. Jeyapriya , S. Suriya K.
Published: March 2021

In recent years, computer worms are the remarkable difficulties found in the distributed computing. The location of worms turns out to be more unpredictable since they are changing quickly and much more refined. The difficulties in gathering worm's payload were recognized for identifying and gathering worm's payloads and the honey pot which is high-intelligent to gather the payload of zero-day polymorphic heterogeneous and homogeneous stages in distributed computing. The Signature-based discovery of worms strategies work with a low false-positive rate. We propose an irregularity based interruption location instrument for the cloud which specifically benefits from the virtualization advancements all in all. Our proposed abnormality location framework is detached from spreading computer worm contamination and it can recognize new computer worms. Utilizing our methodology, a spreading computer worm can be distinguished on the spreading conduct itself without getting to or straightforwardly affecting running virtual machines of the cloud.
Advances in Green Cloud Computing
Authors: Ahuja Sanjay P. , Muthiah Karthika
Published: March 2021

Cloud computing is witnessing tremendous growth at a time when climate change and reducing emissions from energy use is gaining attention. With the growth of the Cloud, however, comes an increase in demand for energy. There is growing global awareness about reducing greenhouse gas emissions and healthy environments. Green computing in general aims to reduce the consumption of energy and carbon emission and also to recycle and reuse the energy usage in a beneficial and efficient way. Cloud data centers consume inordinate amounts of energy and have significant CO2 emissions. This chapter gives an overview about green cloud computing and its evolution, surveys related work, discusses associated integrated green cloud architecture (green cloud framework), innovations, and technologies, discusses green cloud computing scenarios, and highlights future work and challenges that need to be addressed to sustain an eco-friendly cloud computing environment that is poised for significant growth.
The constitution of bone china, part III, high temperature phase equilibrium studies in the system tricalcium phosphate-anorthite-silica
Authors: St. Pierre P D S
Published: March 2021

The primary phase fields of the system C3P-CAS2-S have been delineated, and the distribution of isotherms related to the firing of bone china. The system is a true ternary with a eutectic at 11% C3P, 51% CAS2, and 38% S melting at 1290 ±
5°C.
Correlation of clinical diagnosis of dactylitis by the dermatologist and ultrasonographic diagnosis by the rheumatologist in patients with psoriasis arthritis
Authors: Lo Yang , Wang Ting-Shun , Li Ko-Jen , Tsai Tsen-Fang
Published: March 2021

Background:

Dactylitis is a characteristic feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, early diagnosis of mild dactylitis is challenging and image examination, such as ultrasonography (US), can be helpful.

Objectives:

We aimed to compare the clinical diagnosis of dactylitis made by the dermatologist and ultrasonographic diagnosis by the rheumatologist.

Methods:

Consecutive patients diagnosed with peripheral PsA seen in the dermatologic clinics were referred to the same dermatologist for evaluation of dactylitis. Consecutive patients with and without clinical dactylitis were diagnosed in 19 and 19 patients, respectively, by the referred dermatologist. All patients were then referred to an experienced rheumatologist unaware of the clinical diagnosis for sonographic examination of all 20 digits. Dactylitis under US was diagnosed when both proximal and distal parts of a digit were at least 0.25 mm larger than the contralateral digit.

Results:

For the clinical dactylitis group, 7 (36.8%) patients had more dactylitis diagnosed by US than clinically, and 2 (10.5%) patients had no dactylitis diagnosed by US. For the clinically no dactylitis group, 4 (21.1%) patients had no diagnosis of dactylitis by US, and most of these patients (78.9%) were diagnosed with dactylitis under US by the rheumatologist. More digits affected by dactylitis were found for both groups, although no statistically significant differences were found, probably due to the small sample size.

Conclusion:

The results revealed concordance between the dermatologist and rheumatologist for clinical dactylitis but not for patients without dactylitis. For PsA patients, US is more sensitive and useful for early dactylitis diagnosis in a dermatologic clinic.
Comparative evaluation of photoactivated disinfection and sonic irrigation as an adjunct to conventional irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis in root canals
Authors: Kohli Tushar , Mehta Namrata , Garima Garima , Gupta Alpa , Mahesh Shakila , Abraham Dax , Singh Arundeep
Published: March 2021

Objective:

The aim of the in vitro study was to compare the antibacterial efficacy of photoactivated disinfection (PAD), sonic irrigation as an adjunct to conventional irrigation against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 75 extracted teeth were selected and prepared followed by inoculation with strains of E. faecalis, and a preirrigation sample was collected using sterile paper points. These teeth were then divided randomly into three groups for irrigation: Group I (Conventional irrigation), Group II (PAD), and Group III (EndoActivator) followed by postirrigation sample collection using the sterile paper points. The samples were swabbed on blood agar plates and incubated followed by the calculation of colony-forming units (CFU's).

Results:

The results were statistically analyzed using the SPSS software version 18.0. On comparing the mean values among the groups, the reduction in the number of CFU's after the treatment protocol was highly significant for all groups (P < 0.001). With the preirrigation sample, there is a statistically significant difference in the values of Group I and Group II (P = 0.047). However, in case of postirrigation samples, there is nonsignificant difference between Group II and Group III.

Conclusion:

PAD using 940 nm diode laser and methylene blue and endoactivator were more effective than sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in reducing E. faecalis counts.
Evaluation and comparison of the effect of 10% sodium ascorbate and propolis solution on the microtensile bond strength and resin tag penetration depth of composite after using 35% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent – An in vitro study
Authors: Anil Archa , George Liza , Dhanapal Prasanth , Thomas Priya , Paul Sinju
Published: March 2021

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of 10% sodium ascorbate and propolis solution on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) and resin tag penetration depth of composite after using 35% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent.

Materials and Method:

Sixty extracted human premolars were divided into five groups with 12 samples in each. Group I samples did not receive bleaching treatment and served as control. Group II samples were bonded with composite 2 weeks later, while those in Group III were bonded immediately after bleaching. The samples in Group IV and Group V were treated with antioxidants 10% SA and propolis solution at the rate of 1ml/min for 10 min, respectively, before composite bonding. The samples were then sectioned mesiodistally into two halves. One half was subjected to MTBS testing using a Universal Testing Machine. The other half was decalcified, sectioned, stained, and viewed under an optical light microscope to assess the resin tag penetration. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance followed by Post hoc test.

Results:

Group III showed significantly lower MTBS and resin tag penetration depth of composite compared to all other groups. Group V (propolis group) showed statistical significance with all groups except Group IV (SA group).

Conclusion:

Treatment with antioxidant propolis solution immediately following the bleaching will help to reverse the compromised bond strength which is comparable with sodium ascorbate.
A comparative evaluation of cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc Blue, WaveOne Gold and 2Shape nickel–titanium rotary files in different artificial canals
Authors: Lall Ankita Grace , Saha Suparna Ganguly , Alageshan Vijay , Banga Parmeet
Published: March 2021

Aim:

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of continuous rotation file systems (2Shape) and two reciprocating file systems (Reciproc Blue [RB] and WaveOne Gold [WOG]) in canals with different angulations.

Materials and Method:

Thirty files each of 2Shape (25, 0.06), RB R25 (25/0.08) and WOG Primary (25/0.07) were included in this study. All the instruments were used according to the manufacturers instructions in an endodontic fatigue testing block with three artificial grooves simulating root canals having angulations of 45°, 60°, and 90°. The files were allowed to rotate in the grooves, until fracture occurred and the time to fracture was recorded in seconds using digital chronometer. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey test.

Results:

The reciprocating file systems RB showed significantly higher CFR at all angles of curvature, i.e., 45°, 60°, and 90° (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Within the limitations of the present in vitro study, it may be concluded that RB tends to be more resistant to fracture in canals with a gentle curvature as well as may be more suited in canals with sharp and acute curvatures.
Analysis of clinical trial agreement and insurance policy submitted to the ethics committee of a tertiary care teaching institute in central India
Authors: Kalikar Mrunalini V. , Dakhale Ganesh N. , Sinha Vishakha V. , Giradkar Akhil B.
Published: March 2021

Purpose:

Very few studies conducted in India have analyzed insurance policies and clinical trial agreement (CTA) submitted to ethics committee (EC). This study was conducted to review and find out deficiencies in it.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective observational study. All the protocols for regulatory clinical trials and academic research sponsored by the Indian Council of Medical Research or other funding agency were included. Insurance documents and CTA submitted with the study protocols were analyzed.

Results:

A total of seventy CTA and insurance policies were analyzed. CTA mentioned that parties involved in 60 (86%) forms, scope of the agreement in 15 (21%) forms, responsibilities of the party in 68 (97%) forms, and payment details in 58 (83%) forms. Nearly 88.5% of the insurance policies mentioned whether the policy covers the participants for injury due to all clauses and 91% of the policies mentioned the validity period of insurance.

Conclusion:

It was found that both the documents contained almost all the required elements. This was probably because this institutional EC insisted on and thoroughly reviewed the documents to ensure that adequate compensation of research-related injuries has been provided for and this fact is informed to the trial subject. As very few studies are available in the literature, we could not compare majority of the findings of this study with others.
Current Global Status and Future Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Song Ze-Jia , Nik Nabil Wan Najbah , Xi Zhi-Chao , Xu Hong-Xi
Published: March 2021

Recognizing the potential of globalizing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this review summarizes the current global use of TCM for COVID-19, status of the internationalization of TCM, and strategy on globalizing TCM for COVID-19. COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus disease that has sparked a pandemic in March 2020 affecting over 110 countries. Although researchers have been racing to develop targeted anti-COVID-19 treatment and vaccine, they are still currently unavailable. Thus, in treating patients infected with COVID-19, western medicine mainly recommended symptomatic treatment and monitoring. Existing drugs are used in the context of clinical trials, and the FDA still not yet approved these drugs for COVID-19. On the other hand, TCM proposed herbal treatment for suspected individuals to take within their observation period, as well as for confirmed COVID-19 patients to take during active phase of disease and during recovery. In China, Integrative Chinese-Western Medicine had been used in treating 91.5% of COVID-19 patients and showed its strength in reducing disease severity, shortening recovery time, and lowering the mortality rate. Despite obstacles in globalizing TCM for the treatment of COVID-19, promoting appropriate use of locally registered TCM products may prevent disease in susceptible individuals, improve the quality of life, and assist in the recovery of COVID-19 patients. With increasing global acceptance, TCM may play a more important role in the battle against infectious disease in the future.
Effect of Moxibustion on Cardiac Remodeling and Myocardial Function in Rats with Exercise-Induced Fatigue
Authors: Shen Zheng-Xian , Zhu Jie , Liang Yu-Lei , Zhang Zhi-Fang
Published: March 2021

Objective:

To explore the effect of moxibustion at Shenque(CV8) on myocardial structure and function in rats with exercise-induced fatigue.

Methods:

A 12-week treadmill training program was used to establish a rat model of exercise-induced fatigue. Fifty-six male SD rats removed six rats that did not reach the molding condition, Remaining rats were randomly divided into the following five groups: a normal group (n=10) that did not under go the exercise routine and were not treated, a control group (n=10) that did not under go the exercise routine, but received a mild dose of moxibustion at “Shenque” (CV 8) for 15 min, an untreated group (n=10) that received no treatment after exercise, a CV 8 group (n=10) that received a mild dose of moxibustion at “Shenque” (CV 8) for 15 min after exercise, a non-acupoint(tail) group(n=10) that received a mild dose of moxibustion at “non-acupoint” for 15 min after exercise. At one hour after the end of the 12-week training program, the left ventricular diastolic volume (LVDV), left ventricular systolic volume (LVSV), peak early diastolic mitral blood flow velocity (E), and peak late diastolic mitral blood flow velocity (A) were measured,and the E/A ratio were calculated. The serum myoglobin (Mb), creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB), and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) levels were detected using an automatic biochemical analyzer.

Results:

When the values obtained before and after treatment were compared within the same groups, the LVDV, LVSV, E, and A were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the E/A were decreased (P<0.01) in the untreated group and the tail group. Regarding inter-group comparisons, the LVDV, LVSV, E, and A were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the E/A were decreased (P<0.01) in the untreated group and the tail group compared to the normal group and control group. Compared to the untreated group and the tail group, the LVDV, LVSV, E, and A were decreased (P<0.01) and the E/A were increased (P<0.01) in the CV 8 group. Compared to the normal group and the control group, the serum Mb, CK-MB, and cTnI levels were increased (P<0.01) in the untreated group and the tail group, and the serum Mb and CK-MB levels were also increased (P<0.01) in the CV 8 group. Compared to the untreated group and the tail group the serum Mb, CK-MB, and cTnI levels in the CV 8 group were decreased (P<0.01).

Conclusions:

Moxibustion at Shenque(CV8) can effectively prevent cardiac structural changes caused by exercise-induced fatigue and enhance heart function. This treatment does not have side effects in healthy rats and is a safe and effective technique..
Точное значение показателя сходимости особого интеграла проблемы Терри для однородного многочлена степени $n$ от двух переменных
Authors: Chahkiev Magomet Abdulgamidovich
Published: March 2021

В работе И. Ш. Джаббарова [1] получено точное значение показателя сходимости особого интеграла двумерной проблемы Терри с однородным многочленом степени $2$. В статье этот результат распространен на многочлен степени $n$.
Библиография: 10 наименований.
Ecological Aspects in Control of Small-scale Biomass Fired Boilers
Authors: Šulc Bohumil , Oswald Cyril
Published: March 2021

Control of combustion in small-scale boilers has been standing outside interest for a long time. More attention has been paid to design of the boilers than to economic and ecological aspects of their operation. To the question under which operating conditions of the boiler a controller carries out its activities has been paid a limited attention. The quick by developing use of biomass fired boilers, local shortage of quality biomass, legal restriction on emissions and available cheaper instrumentation have caused a turn in replacing older simple control solutions by more sophisticated technology. The final goal is evident: to achieve for small-scale boilers to be able to operate automatically fulfilling ecological limits comparable with those usual in fullscale boilers, even when firing biomass of lower quality and no skilled service can be expected. Some experience obtained from experiments aimed at this goal and improvements carried out on pilot boilers are reported in this paper.
HUMAN RESOURCE ACCOUNTING AND CORPORATE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Onyekwelu CO , Ironkwe UI
Published: March 2021

The principal aim of our study was to examine the effect of human resource accounting (Human resource accounting disclosure Index, Training cost, Number of staff and Increment in staff salaries) on corporate financial performance (return on assets and return on equity) of insurance companies quoted on Nigeria Stock Exchange for the period 2012 to 2017. Secondary data of 12 quoted insurance companies were collected mostly from their website and the Nigeria Stock Exchange Port Harcourt office. A non-experimental causal (Ex post facto) research design was appropriately adopted to address the research objectives of the study. The lease square regression analysis, precisely the random effect model was used (with the aid of E-views 10) to empirically answer eight research questions raised in the study. The results showed that human resource accounting disclosure and training cost significantly affect Return on Asset and Return on Equity positively while Number of staff and increment in staff salaries has a statistically significant negative effect on Return on Asset. Based on these results, recommendations were given as follows among others, that: Insurance firms should do more in terms of building the culture of capacity building training, developing and motivating the personnel to put in their best for the financial growth of their organizations and enhancing their capacity to improve organizational performance and Insurance firms should increase their human resource accounting disclosure in other to increase stakeholders’ confidence in doing business with them thereby improving its performance.
Derecho Privado Ambiental a la luz del Código Civil y Comercial
Authors: Cafferatta Néstor A.
Published: March 2021

RESUMEN:

El presente estudio aborda el Código Civil y Comercial de la Argentina (ley 26944), en vigor desde 2015, como una clara expresión de la existencia del Derecho Privado Ambiental, de base constitucional. Al introducir la materia ambiental en el Derecho Privado, produce una suerte de simbiosis: el Código Civil yComercial unificado (Derecho Privado) se impregna de Derecho Ambiental (se “ambientaliza”),y a la inversa, desde la especialidad, el microsistema jurídico, “DerechoAmbiental”, en la parcela que le corresponde, se internaliza en el Derecho Privado (se “privatiza”). El Cód. Civ. y Com. implica una reformulación de la teoría de las fuentes y aplicación (art. 1º), de la interpretación de la ley (art. 2º), de la teoría de los bienes (arts. 15 a 18), de la teoría de los derechos (art. 14), teoría de las normas (arts. 1º, 2º, 3º), del ejercicio de los derechos (arts. 9º y ss.), de la responsabilidad civil por daños (arts. 1708 y ss.), de la teoría de la decisión judicial (art. 3º), entre otros aspectos novedosos. El Cód. Civ. y Com incluye un nuevo paradigma en materia de bienes, al regular aspectos relativos a los bienes colectivos y valores colectivos en referencia a los derechos ambientales, y las comunidades como los pueblos originarios (parte de una sociedad multicultural y declara como principio general del derecho, la buena fe (la lealtad, el obrar transparente), una de las ideas fuerza del derecho ambiental, junto con la solidaridad, la cooperación, y la paz, diseñando un modelo o versión novedosa, de abuso del derecho ambiental, o “ECO- ABUSO” (Sozzo). Por útimo, el artículo 240, la regla de la compatibilidad, entre el ejercicio de los derechos individuales y los derechos de incidencia colectiva, y de no afectación del funcionamiento y sustentabilidad de los ecosistemas, el paisaje, el agua, suelo, agua, flora, biodiversidad, valores culturales, lo que implica un profundo replanteo de las relaciones del hombre y la naturaleza.
De nuevo el caso López Ribalda (“Caso Mercadona”) y la videovigilancia en el ámbito de las relaciones laborales:
Authors: Faya Barrios Antonio Luis
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio pretende analizar la doctrina que sobre videovigilancia encubierta resulta de la sentencia de la Gran Sala del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos de 17 de octubre de 2019 recaida en el caso López Ribalda y otros contra España . La misma deja sin efecto sentencia anterior del Tribunal recaida sobre el mismo caso el 9 de enero de 2018. Frente a la argumentación de esta, la sentencia de la Gran Sala concluye que si bien como regla general ha de existir información previa al trabajador sobre la existencia y finalidad de la videovigilancia, en determinados supuestos ante sospecha fundada de irregularidad grave la videovigilancia encubierta no constituye vulneración del artículo 8 del Convenio. Se analiza la sentencia en el contexto de la jurisprudencia nacional, singularmente constitucional, existente en la materia asi como de jurisprudencia anterior del propio Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos.
Notas de Jurisprudencia.- Tribunal Supremo
Authors: Gamero Casado Eduardo
Published: March 2021

SUMARIO:

I. ACTO ADMINISTRATIVOII. ADMINISTRACIÓN LOCALVI. CONTRATOSVII. CORPORACIONES DE DERECHO PÚBLICOVIII.CULTURA, EDUCACIÓN, PATRIMONIO HISTÓRICOIX. DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO ECONÓMICOX. DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO SANCIONADORXI. DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES Y LIBERTADESXIII. FUENTESXIV. HACIENDA PÚBLICAXV. JURISDICCIÓN CONTENCIOSO-ADMINISTRATIVAXVI. MEDIO AMBIENTEXVIII. PERSONALXIX. PROCEDIMIENTO ADMINISTRATIVOXX. RESPONSABILIDAD
Notas de Jurisprudencia.- Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Andalucía
Authors: Rivero Ysern José L.
Published: March 2021

SUMARIO:

III. BIENES PUBLICOS. IX. DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO SANCIONADORXIV. HACIENDA PÚBLICAXVIII. PERSONALXXII. URBANISMO Y VIVIENDA
Sobre la comisión parlamentaria de investigación de la FAFFE y sus comparecientes mudos
Authors: Vázquez Alonso Víctor Javier
Published: March 2021

RESUMEN:

La Comisión de investigación creada en el Parlamento Andaluz el día 25 de febrero de 2019, con la aquiescencia de todos los grupos parlamentarios y sobre el Fondo de Formación y Empleo (FAFFE), ha puesto sobre la mesa una de las cuestiones más controvertidas sobre este asunto que es la del alcance de la obligación de comparecencia por parte de aquellos que son requeridos por las cámaras.
Исследования проблемы формирования современных подходов к методологии дистанционного обучения
Authors: Kosharska L. , Brednyova V. , Levytsckiy A.
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы методологии дистанционного обучения и формирование некоторых современных подходов к его усовершенствованию. В условиях широкой информатизации одним из наиболее важных факторов обучения является осмысленность учащимися учебного материала, и роль преподавателя заключается, прежде всего, с одной стороны, в максимальном расширении смыслового поля изучаемого материала, а, с другой стороны, в его конкретике и детализации. Взаимодействие реальных субъектов образования в виртуальной среде осуществляется при помощи специальных средств коммуникации, к которым предъявляются особые требования – организационные, технические, психолого-педагогические и т.п.
Перепетии судьбы профессора Чарльза Кларка: к истории «Одесского» периода жизни ч. 2
Authors: Levchenko Valery , Levchenko Galina , Lyashenko Alexander
Published: March 2021

Во второй части статьи, посвященной профессору Ч.Д. Кларку, указано, что изучение истории становления высшего политехнического образования в Одессе на рубеже 1910-х-1920-х гг., когда ученый был на вершине своей административной карьеры в системе высшего образования, являлся не только членом академического сообщества, но и долгое время сам его возглавлял, невозможно без обращения к исследованию характеристики его повседневной жизни. Осуществлена попытка соединить изучение повседневной жизни Ч.Д. Кларка и истории функционирования академического сообщества высшей школы Одессы в начале 1920-х гг. С одной стороны, выбор фигуры Ч.Д. Кларка определяется тем, что его судьба представляет существенный интерес, так как он являлся неформальным лидером Одесского политехнического института и высшей школы Одессы. В период, когда он был председателем Одесского отделения Всеукраинского комитета содействия ученым академическое сообщество переживало наиболее драматические события истории 1920-х гг. С другой стороны, карьерный путь Ч.Д. Кларка являлся в некотором смысле показательным для тех ученых, кому доводилось одновременно совмещать научную и административную сферы деятельности. В то же время Ч.Д. Кларк прошел все основные стадии как научного, так и административного роста, поэтому на его примере хорошо видно, из каких составляющих складывалась потенциальная карьера ученого в академическом сообществе. Изучение персоны Ч.Д. Кларка дало возможность восполнить до сих пор существующий в историографии пробел, наличие которого все еще не позволяет составить ясное представление о нем как об ученом, педагоге, администраторе, организаторе науки, общественном деятеле и гражданине, что повышает значимость данного исследования. Осуществлена попытка раскрытия принципиальных взглядов ученого на развитие исторических событий того времени.