bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Сверхпроводимость эвтектического сплава Bi-Sn
Authors: Лихолетова М.В. , Чарная Е.В. , Шевченко Е.В. , Кумзеров Ю.А.
Published: November 2020

We present results of studies of superconductivity in a binary Bi-Sn alloy of the eutectic composition (57 wt.% Bi, 43 wt.% Sn). Temperature and field dependences of the dc magnetization were measured within a temperature range from 1.8 to 20 K in magnetic fields up to 20 kOe using a Quantum Design MPMS3 SQUID magnetometer. A two-stage phase transition with temperatures of the diamagnetism onset of 8.55 and 5.1 K was observed. A phase diagram was constructed. The coherence length for the first stage was estimated. The field dependence of the irreversibility temperature was found. Critical dependencies showed a positive curvature which was treated within the framework of the proximity effect model.
Резонансное рассеяние света оптическими фононами в гомоэпитксиальном нанослое n-GaP, выращенном на подложке (001)n-GaP
Authors: Байрамов Б.Х.
Published: November 2020

Представлены результаты обнаружения резонансного усиления интенсивности рассеяния света оптическими фононами в гомоэпитаксиальном наномасштабном слое n-GaP, толщиной 70 nm, выращенном методом газофазной эпитаксии из металлоорганических соединений на проводящей сильнолегированной подложке кристалла n-GaP, ориентированной по оси (001). Показано, что при комнатной температуре в спектре рамановского рассеяния света такого нанослоя (001) n-GaP в образце n-GaP/n-GaP (001) в сравнении со спектром высокоомного кристаллического образца (001) si-GaP в диапазоне частот от 600 до 800 cm-1 удается обнаружить достаточно узкие полосы линий рассеяния света второго порядка. Установлено, что такие полосы обусловлены суммарными комбинациями и обертонами поперечных TO() и продольных LO() оптических фононов, с волновыми векторами соответствующими точкам Sigma, K, Х, L и зоны Бриллюэна кристалла GaP. Показано, что рассеяние света носит резонансный характер, и обусловлено присутствием примесей вследствие проявления экситон-фононного взаимодействия. Ключевые слова: гомоэпитаксиальный наномасштабный слой (001) n-GaP, сильнолегированная подложка, резонансное двухфононное рассеяние.
Особенности определения параметров ориентационных магнитных фазовых переходов в гематите магнитоакустическими методами
Authors: Мигачев С.А. , Куркин М.И.
Published: November 2020

Представлены результаты измерения скорости магнитоупругих волн в гематите, соответствующих их квазифононной ветви. Исследована зависимость данной скорости (V) от магнитного поля (H) при постоянном одноосном давлении P, (VP(H)) и давления P при постоянном H, (VH(P)). В соответствии с существующей теорией магнитоакустических явлений зависимости VP(H) и VH(P) должны иметь минимумы в точках ориентационных фазовых переходов. Такие минимумы обнаружены, но их координаты на плоскости (P, H) оказались несовпадающими. Обсуждаются причины несовпадений и требования к точности измерений, обеспечивающие возможности их использования для определения параметров этих переходов. Ключевые слова: антиферромагнетик, магнитоупругость, ориентационные фазовые переходы, объемная акустическая волна.
Структурные характеристики выращенных методом RF-катодного напыления тонких пленок Sr-=SUB=-0.61-=/SUB=-Ba-=SUB=-0.39-=/SUB=-Nb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-/ MgO(001)
Authors: Павленко А.В. , Стрюков Д.В. , Ивлева Л.И. , Ковтун А.П. , Жидель К.М. , Лыков П.А.
Published: November 2020

Thin films of the congruent composition of the barium-strontium niobates solid solutions Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 (SBN: 61) with thicknesses from 30 to 630 nm on a MgO (001) substrate were fabricated by RF-cathode sputtering in an oxygen atmosphere. By X-ray diffraction it was found that the films are epitaxial and there are no impurities in them. In the films, there is practically no unit cell deformation in the interface plane and tensile strain is present in the normal to the surface direction, which increases with decreasing film thickness. Dielectric measurements indicate high tunability in the films.
Appropriate Vancomycin Use and Incidence of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Ferguson Jessica ,   Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA, Holubar Marisa , Concepcion Waldo , Ho Dora Y.
Published: November 2020

Liver transplant recipients (LTRs) are at risk for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections which can lead to significant morbidity or mortality. Antibiotic exposure, including vancomycin, is associated with greater risk of VRE infection. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of vancomycin use and rates of VRE infection in this population. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 327 patients who underwent liver transplantation at our center from January 1, 2012 to June 30, 2017. Sixty (18.3%) LTRs had at least one VRE-positive culture between six-months pre-transplant and six-months post-transplant. LTRs with VRE had greater vancomycin exposure as compared to VRE-negative LTRs (p < 0.05) and were more likely to receive prolonged vancomycin courses (> 72 hours, p < 0.05). Overall appropriateness of vancomycin use > 72 hours among VRE-positive LTRs was only 26.8%. Inappropriate vancomycin use most commonly occurred in patients with presumed sepsis without an identifiable source or pneumonia with negative respiratory cultures. Our findings illustrate an opportunity to improve antibiotic stewardship and reduce vancomycin use in the transplant population
Feasibility of Real-time Behavior Monitoring Via Mobile Technology in Czech Adults Aged 50 Years and Above: 12-Week Study With Ecological Momentary Assessment (Preprint)
Authors: Elavsky Steriani , Klocek Adam , Knapova Lenka , Smahelova Martina , Smahel David , Cimler Richard , Kuhnova Jitka
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Czech older adults have lower rates of physical activity than the average population and lag behind in the use of digital technologies, compared with their peers from other European countries.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the feasibility of intensive behavior monitoring through technology in Czech adults aged ≥50 years.

METHODS

Participants (N=30; mean age 61.2 years, SD 6.8 years, range 50-74 years; 16/30, 53% male; 7/30, 23% retired) were monitored for 12 weeks while wearing a Fitbit Charge 2 monitor and completed three 8-day bursts of intensive data collection through surveys presented on a custom-made mobile app. Web-based surveys were also completed before and at the end of the 12-week period (along with poststudy focus groups) to evaluate participants’ perceptions of their experience in the study.

RESULTS

All 30 participants completed the study. Across the three 8-day bursts, participants completed 1454 out of 1744 (83% compliance rate) surveys administered 3 times per day on a pseudorandom schedule, 451 out of 559 (81% compliance rate) end-of-day surveys, and 736 episodes of self-reported planned physical activity (with 29/736, 3.9% of the reports initiated but returned without data). The overall rating of using the mobile app and Fitbit was above average (74.5 out of 100 on the System Usability Scale). The majority reported that the Fitbit (27/30, 90%) and mobile app (25/30, 83%) were easy to use and rated their experience positively (25/30, 83%). Focus groups revealed that some surveys were missed owing to notifications not being noticed or that participants needed a longer time window for survey completion. Some found wearing the monitor in hot weather or at night uncomfortable, but overall, participants were highly motivated to complete the surveys and be compliant with the study procedures.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of a mobile survey app coupled with a wearable device appears feasible for use among Czech older adults. Participants in this study tolerated the intensive assessment schedule well, but lower compliance may be expected in studies of more diverse groups of older adults. Some difficulties were noted with the pairing and synchronization of devices on some types of smartphones, posing challenges for large-scale studies.
Co-Design to Support the Development of Inclusive eHealth Tools for Caregivers of Functionally Dependent Older Persons: Social Justice Design (Preprint)
Authors: Latulippe Karine , Hamel Christine , Giroux Dominique
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

eHealth can help reduce social health inequalities (SHIs) as much as it can exacerbate them. Taking a co-design approach to the development of eHealth tools has the potential to ensure that these tools are inclusive. Although the importance of involving future users in the development of eHealth tools to reduce SHIs is highlighted in the scientific literature, the challenges associated with their participation question the benefits of this involvement as co-designers in a real-world context.

OBJECTIVE

On the basis of Amartya Sen’s theoretical framework of social justice, the aim of this study is to explore how co-design can support the development of an inclusive eHealth tool for caregivers of functionally dependent older persons.

METHODS

This study is based on a social justice design and participant observation as part of a large-scale research project funded by the Ministry of Families as part of the Age-Friendly Quebec Program (Québec Ami des Aînés). The analysis was based on the method developed by Miles and Huberman and on Paillé’s analytical questioning method.

RESULTS

A total of 78 people participated in 11 co-design sessions in 11 Quebec regions. A total of 24 preparatory meetings and 11 debriefing sessions were required to complete this process. Co-designers participated in the creation of a prototype to support the search for formal services for caregivers. The majority of participants (except for 2) significantly contributed to the tool’s designing. They also incorporated conversion factors to ensure the inclusiveness of the eHealth tool, such as an adequate level of digital literacy and respect for the caregiver’s help-seeking process. In the course of the experiment, the research team’s position regarding its role in co-design evolved from a neutral posture and promoting co-designer participation to one that was more pragmatic.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of co-design involving participants at risk of SHIs does not guarantee innovation, but it does guarantee that the tool developed will comply with their process of help-seeking and their literacy level. Time issues interfere with efforts to carry out a democratic process in its ideal form. It would be useful to single out some key issues to guide researchers on what should be addressed in co-design discussions and what can be left out to make optimal use of this approach in a real-world context.
Promoting Physical Activity Through Conversational Agents: Mixed Methods Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Luo Tiffany Christina , Aguilera Adrian , Lyles Courtney Rees , Figueroa Caroline Astrid
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Regular physical activity (PA) is crucial for well-being; however, healthy habits are difficult to create and maintain. Interventions delivered via conversational agents (eg, chatbots or virtual agents) are a novel and potentially accessible way to promote PA. Thus, it is important to understand the evolving landscape of research that uses conversational agents.

OBJECTIVE

This mixed methods systematic review aims to summarize the usability and effectiveness of conversational agents in promoting PA, describe common theories and intervention components used, and identify areas for further development.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed methods systematic review. We searched seven electronic databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies that conveyed primary research on automated conversational agents designed to increase PA. The studies were independently screened, and their methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool by 2 reviewers. Data on intervention impact and effectiveness, treatment characteristics, and challenges were extracted and analyzed using parallel-results convergent synthesis and narrative summary.

RESULTS

In total, 255 studies were identified, 7.8% (20) of which met our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was varied. Overall, conversational agents had moderate usability and feasibility. Those that were evaluated through randomized controlled trials were found to be effective in promoting PA. Common challenges facing interventions were repetitive program content, high attrition, technical issues, and safety and privacy concerns.

CONCLUSIONS

Conversational agents hold promise for PA interventions. However, there is a lack of rigorous research on long-term intervention effectiveness and patient safety. Future interventions should be based on evidence-informed theories and treatment approaches and should address users’ desires for program variety, natural language processing, delivery via mobile devices, and safety and privacy concerns.
Feasibility of a Voice-Enabled Medical Diary App (SpeakHealth) for Caregivers of Children With Special Health Care Needs and Health Care Providers: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sezgin Emre , Noritz Garey , Lin Simon , Huang Yungui
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) require more than the usual care management and coordination efforts from caregivers and health care providers (HCPs). Health information and communication technologies can potentially facilitate these efforts to increase the quality of care received by CSHCN.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aim to assess the feasibility of a voice-enabled medical diary app (SpeakHealth) by investigating its potential use among caregivers and HCPs.

METHODS

Following a mixed methods approach, caregivers of CSHCN were interviewed (n=10) and surveyed (n=86) about their care management and communication technology use. Only interviewed participants were introduced to the SpeakHealth app prototype, and they tested the app during the interview session. In addition, we interviewed complex care HCPs (n=15) to understand their perception of the value of a home medical diary such as the SpeakHealth app. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlational analyses. Theoretical thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data.

RESULTS

The survey results indicated a positive attitude toward voice-enabled technology and features; however, there was no strong correlation among the measured items. The caregivers identified communication, information sharing, tracking medication, and appointments as fairly and highly important features of the app. Qualitative analysis revealed the following two overarching themes: enablers and barriers in care communication and enablers and barriers in communication technologies. The subthemes included parent roles, care communication technologies, and challenges. HCPs found the SpeakHealth app to be a promising tool for timely information collection that could be available for sharing information with the health system. Overall, the findings demonstrated a variety of needs and challenges for caregivers of CSHCN and opportunities for voice-enabled, interactive medical diary apps in care management and coordination. Caregivers fundamentally look for better information sharing and communication with HCPs. Health care and communication technologies can potentially improve care communication and coordination in addressing the patient and caregiver needs.

CONCLUSIONS

The perspectives of caregivers and providers suggested both benefits and challenges in using the SpeakHealth app for medical note-taking and tracking health events at home. Our findings could inform researchers and developers about the potential development and use of a voice-enabled medical diary app.

CLINICALTRIAL
Photoplethysmogram analysis and applications: An Integrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Shin Hangsik , Park Junyoung , Seok Hyeon Seok , Kim Sang-Soo
Published: November 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Photoplethysmogram is a biological signal with a high possibility of providing various hemodynamic information. Its measurement principle is simple and easy to implement. With the development of wireless communication technology, photoplethysmogram is increasingly used for the purpose of measuring the physiological state of an individual in a daily life beyond its use in a clinical environment. An example of this is that wearable devices such as smart watches and smartphones are increasingly providing healthcare services based on photoplethysmogram measurement. Despite increased spread and use of photoplethysmogram, it is not possible to specify the processing method of photoplethysmogram. Such method is considered a gold standard, including its pre-processing method. It is being studied in various ways by individual researchers. Unlike other reviews focusing on the measurement principle and clinical application of photoplethysmogram, this review examines existing research cases on photoplethysmogram about its generation mechanisms, measurement principles, clinical applications, noise definition, pre-processing techniques, feature detection techniques, and post-processing techniques for photoplethysmogram processing, especially from an engineering point of view. Furthermore, this review describes the flow of current signal processing techniques for photoplethysmogram and suggests future directions that photoplethysmogram processing research will be directed. In particular, this review looks at photoplethysmogram noise reduction technology using peak detection technology and signal quality assessment technology known to be important elements for the practical use of photoplethysmogram from a technical perspective.
Using a Multisectoral Approach to Advance Health Equity in Rural Arizona: Community-Engaged Survey Development and Implementation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Remiker Mark , Sabo Samantha , Jiménez Dulce , Samarron Longorio Alexandra , Chief Carmenlita , Williamson Heather , Teufel-Shone Nicolette
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Over the past decade, public health research and practice sectors have shifted their focus away from identifying health disparities and toward addressing the social, environmental, and economic determinants of health equity. Given the complex and interrelated nature of these determinants, developing policies that will advance health equity requires collaboration across sectors outside of health. However, engaging various stakeholder groups, tapping into their unique knowledge systems, and identifying common objectives across sectors is difficult and time consuming and can impede collaborative efforts.

OBJECTIVE

The Southwest Health Equity Research Collaborative at Northern Arizona University, in partnership with an 11-member community advisory council, is addressing this need with a joint community-campus effort to develop and implement a Regional Health Equity Survey (RHES) designed to generate an interdisciplinary body of knowledge, which will be used to guide future multisectoral action for improving community health and well-being.

METHODS

Researchers and community partners used facilitated discussions and free listing techniques to generate survey items. The community partners pilot tested the survey instrument to evaluate its feasibility and duration before survey administration. Respondent-driven sampling was used to ensure that participants included leadership from across all sectors and regions of northern Arizona.

RESULTS

Over the course of 6 months, 206 participants representing 13 sectors across the 5 counties of northern Arizona were recruited to participate in an RHES. Survey response rates, completion percentage, and sector representation were used to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of using a community-engaged apporach for survey development and participant recruitment. The findings describe the current capacity to impact health equity by using a multisectoral approach in northern Arizona.

CONCLUSIONS

The Southwest Health Equity Research Collaborative effectively engaged community members to assist with the development and implementation of an RHES aimed at understanding and promoting multisectoral action on the root causes of health inequity. The results will help to build research and evaluation capacity to address the social, economic, and environmental conditions of health inequity in the region.

CLINICALTRIAL
Derivation of Relation between a parameter of Inverse correlation and effective Charge of X-ray absorbing K-Edge of Copper atom in it’s different Compounds
Authors:   Department of Physics, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar, India, RANJAN RAKESH KUMAR
Published: November 2020

The article gives an overview of the XANES technique contribution to the analysis of multi-component catalysts. The theoretical basis of the technique, the interpretation of the energy position and intensity of XANES features, and the numerical methods developed to interpret XANES data on catalytic systems are described and discussed. XANES in the K-edge of copper in the systems. CuO, Cu(NO3)2, La2CuO4, CuCl2, and CuBr have been investigated and transitions have been assigned to the observed structures. The measurements have been used for calculating the first coordination bond distance in the above systems. It is observed that the values so determined agree fairly well with crystallographic values
Assessment of EFL Pre-service Teachers’ Teaching Performance: Analysis of Classroom Videos Using the Danielson Framework for Teaching Evaluation Instrument
Authors: Kwangsawad Thooptong
Published: November 2020

This study reports the results of the assessment of 84 EFL pre-service teachers’ teaching performance who completed a year-long practicum. The participants were videotaped during teaching for a total of ten times. All teaching videos were rated with the Danielson framework for teaching evaluation instrument, 2013 edition which consists of four domains and 22 components with four levels of performance for each component which includes unsatisfactory, basic, proficient, and distinguished. Three domains (planning and preparation, classroom environment, and instruction) including 16 components were used in this study. Analyzing data through a quantitative method found that the highest percentage of all teachers were rated basic, the lowest percentage of all teachers were rated distinguished. Interpretations of findings focus on unsatisfactory level are discussed in order to enhance the quality of teacher preparation programs.
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL MICROSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS FOR DISSOLUTION RATE ENHANCEMENT OF ALBENDAZOLE
Authors: J. A. CASTRO ALPIZAR , J. PACHECO MOLINA , R. VARGAS MONGE , G. MADRIGAL REDONDO
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study aimed to develop a microstructured lipid carrier that improves the rate of dissolution of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) Albendazole.

Methods: A solvent diffusion method was used for the development of microstructured lipid carriers. The developed carriers were characterized by optical microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and dissolution testing.

Results: The morphology of the carriers was irregular, and their size tends to decrease with the addition of modifiers. Furthermore, the diffractograms and the thermograms indicated a loss of crystallinity. The thermograms and infrared spectra showed that there are not chemical incompatibilities between the API and the excipients. When the lipid carrier particles were modified with Aerosil® 200 (specifically when using this excipient at a level of 6% w/w), dissolution was increased up to 85.96±1.17 % of the drug content as per USP test for Albendazole tablets in comparison with 36.13±0.52 % for a lipid carrier formulation without modifiers.

Conclusion: It was demonstrated that it is possible to develop a modified lipid carrier that improves the dissolution rate of an API with a low solubility, which was related to the amorphization of the API crystalline structure.
HYALURONIC ACID-DOCETAXEL CONJUGATE LOADED NANOLIPOSOMES FOR TARGETING TUMOR CELLS
Authors: SEIFU MULUNEH FROMSA , NATH LILA KANTA , DUTTA DEBASHIS
Published: November 2020

Objective: Docetaxel (DTX), a potent anticancer drug, is suffering from non-specificity and drug resistance as major limitations. In this investigation, we developed Hyaluronic acid (HA)-Docetaxel conjugate (HA-DTX) loaded nanoliposomes to target cancer cells via passive and active targeting approaches.

Methods: HA-DTX was synthesized and characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction and then loaded into nanoliposomes (L-NLs) by thin-film hydration method. L-NLs were characterized physicochemically and evaluated for anticancer efficacy by in vitro cytotoxicity study in glioma cells (C6 glial cells); cellular uptake and apoptotic effect were investigated by fluorescence microscopy.

Results: HA-DTX was successfully synthesized; L-NLs had an average size of 123.0±16.53 nm, polydispersity index of 0.246±0.01 and zeta potential of 44.4±6.79 mV. Also, L-NLs exhibited 90.54%±4.22 of drug loading efficiency and 2.68%±0.12 of drug loading, releasing about 57.72%±1.17 at pH 5.2 and only 14.14%±1.32 at pH 7.4 after 48 h. No significant change instability was observed after storage at 5 °C±3 °C as well as at 25 °C±2 °C/60% RH±5% RH for 6 mo. The cytotoxicity effect of L-NLs was higher by 10% that of marketed formulation at 10 µg/ml docetaxel concentration. Fluorescence microscopic investigation showed that more cellular uptake and apoptotic effect were observed in L-NLs treated C6 glial cells than in those treated with the marketed formulation.

Conclusion: HA-DTX loaded nanoliposomes enabled docetaxel to target C6 glial cells with better efficacy and might be effective to treat glioma.
DETERMINATION OF SPIROMESIFEN, QUINOLPHOS, MONOCROTOPHOS, CARBENDAZIM AND ACEPHATE RESIDUE BEHAVIOUR IN OKRA (ABELMOSHUS ESCULENTUS) BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND THEIR DECONTAMINATION USING HOUSE HOLD PROCESSES
Authors: MUPPALLA HYMAVATI , PEDDI KIRANMAYI
Published: November 2020

Objective: Field experiments were conducted at Agricultural University, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, Telanagana to study the dissipation kinetics of carbendazim, monocrotophos, spiromesifen, acephate and quinalphos in okra fruit. Decontamination study was also conducted to evaluate quality of okra pods by reducing the residues of carbendazim, monocrotophos, spiromesifen, acephate and quinalphos by using different processes such as 2% salt solution, acetic acid, biowash, butter milk, cooking, drying, Formula 1(T7), frying, lemon water, sodium bicarbonate, tamarind water and tap water.

Methods: All the pesticide residues with one test dose at two spray i.e., first spray at flowering stage and second spray after an interval of ten days was carried out. The samples drawn at specific periods were analyzed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results: The initial deposit of carbendazim, monocrotophos, spiromesifen, acephate and quinalphos in okra was found to be 2.239, 2.586, 2.401, 1.39, 0.78 mg/kg respectively. More than 98 % of carbendazim, spirofesifin, acephate and quinolphos dissipated after 15 d and monocrotophos was dissipated after 10 d. Sodium bicarbonate and 2% salt solution are the best methods for decontamination after cooking. The decontamination values of frying and formula 1 seems to be almost same. After these two methods biowash thought to be the method of choice.

Conclusion: These results are helpful in setting up maximum residual limit (MRLs) of these pesticides in okra in India. From the results, it could be recommended that cooking suits best for almost all of the pesticide residues.
CUSTOM DESIGN PERSPECTIVE IN THE PROCESS PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF NANO LIPID CARRIERS
Authors: M. ASHWINI , SUDHEER PREETHI , SOGALI BHARANI S.
Published: November 2020

Objective: Nanostructured lipid carrier is an emerging lipid-derived delivery system that is rapidly gaining popularity due to the simplicity of the manufacturing technique. The primary task in formulating nanoparticles is to optimize the parameters that are involved in the process. The rationale behind this study is to optimize the process parameters for the preparation of nanostructured lipid carriers. 

Methods: The optimization of selected techniques hot homogenization with ultra-sonication and melt dispersion technique, was carried out via statistical analysis software JMP version 13 Pro using custom design approaches. Sonication time, homogenization speed, stirring rate, and cooling temperature were selected as factors for hot homogenization. Stirring speed, stirring time, and dilution volume were the factors deliberated for melt dispersion. The impact of these factors on the responses, particle size, and polydispersity index were studied. The nanoparticles were prepared according to the ten experimental runs generated by the design. Based on the responses, the design space and optimum framework were selected. 

Results: The prediction profiler indicated maximum desirability at 81% and 80% for hot homogenization and melt dispersion respectively. The actual versus predicted plot of particle size indicated a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.98, and a p-value of 0.0001 for hot homogenization and for melt dispersion the corresponding values were 0.95 and 0.0003. For the response polydispersity index, these values were 0.92 and 0.0052 for hot homogenization and 0.90 and 0.0024 for melt dispersion.

Conclusion: The endorsing results indicated the authenticity of the model in predicting the significant processing parameters for NLC.
The tissue renin-angiotensin system (tRAS) and the impact of its inhibition on inflammation and bone loss in the periodontal tissue
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Germany, Saravi B , Lang G , Ülkümen S , Burchard T , Weihrauch V , Patzelt S , Boeker M , Li Z , Woelber JP
Published: November 2020

Recently, the existence of the tissue renin-angiotensin system (tRAS) has been described for multiple tissues in humans, suggesting its fundamental role in the progression of inflammation and fibrosis. Evidence arises that tRAS might have an impact on the progression of periodontitis and bone loss. However, neither the role of tRAS nor its impact as a therapeutic target have been systematically evaluated for periodontal tissue. The present study sought to characterise tRAS in the periodontal tissue and the effect of its inhibition on periodontal inflammation and bone loss. This systematic review was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyses (PRISMA) statement. Literature was searched using Web of Science core collection (Web of Science), Medline (Ovid), Cochrane central register of controlled trials (Ovid), Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Ovid), Google Scholar databases and the references of the retrieved studies in March 2020. Information on study design, sample size, population, procedure, type of intervention, observation time, as well as information on sources of bias, was extracted and evaluated. From 455 identified articles, 17 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 11 were included in the quantitative synthesis. Outcomes of studies indicated that the inhibition of tRAS components led to a reduction of periodontal bone loss and inflammation, dependent on the inhibitor used. The findings suggested an important role of tRAS in the periodontal tissue and indicate a potential therapeutic approach for periodontal diseases.
Assessment of the Potential of Wind Energy Resources in Southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Rufaee F. M. , Abdali L. M. , Kuvshinov V. V. , Yakimovich B. A.
Published: November 2020

Для увеличения в мировом энергетическом комплексе доли возобновляемой альтернативной энергетики и сокращения потребления традиционных топливных энергетических ресурсов необходимо проводить исследования потенциала возобновляемой энергетики в развивающихся странах. Эти государства сильно зависимы от импорта энергетических установок и технологий. В результате они недостаточно развивают свой энергокомплекс за счет использования альтернативной энергетики. Это происходит в том числе из-за недостаточного прогнозирования и оценки потенциала возобновляемых энергоресурсов на своей территории. Возобновляемые источники энергии призваны играть большую роль в сокращении выбросов с использованием альтернативных источников электроэнергии, таких как энергия ветраПроведено исследование данных о скорости ветра в различных районах Ирака. Данные показывают, что город Алхай, где фиксировались средние значения скорости ветра по годам, расположенный на юге Ирака, идеально подходит для создания проектной ветровой электростанции благодаря тому, что скорость ветра здесь является приемлемой. Также были разработаны и рассчитаны мощности и энергия, которые могут быть получены от ветроэнергетической установки.Результаты исследования показали, что предлагаемая система ветроэнергетики является хорошим выбором и может быть внедрена в Алхае для получения достаточного количества электроэнергии для городов Ирака. Распространение проектов по возобновляемой энергии сегодня во многом зависит от смелости и решимости лиц, принимающих решения в Ираке.
Hot Isostatic Pressing of Carbide Steels from Chip Waste of Metal Cutting Production
Authors: Khlybov A. A. , Belyaev E. S. , Ryabtsev A. D. , Belyaeva S. S. , Getmanovsky Yu. A.
Published: November 2020

Представлены результаты исследований процесса изготовления карбидосталей. При исследовании использован порошок, полученный из стружковых отходов стали Р6М5, порошок карбида титана фракции 5/3 мкм и технический углерод. Рассмотрены три состава карбидосталей.Принята следующая схема изготовления карбидосталей: отмывка и размол стружковых отходов – смешивание и пластификация шихты – холодное формование шихты – прессование в капсуле – спекание и изотермический отжиг в вакууме – заварка, дегазация и герметизация капсул – горячее изостатическое прессование – осадка полученных заготовок.Для исследуемой порошковой шихты определялись показатели прессуемости в интервале давлений 200...700 МПа. Установлено, что увеличение доли карбидов в шихте снижает прессуемость. Для формования брикетов рассматриваемых порошковых смесей рекомендовано использовать большое давление, что обеспечит бόльшую относительную плотность после спекания.Была выбрана оптимальная температура спекания брикетов и листов – 1150 °С, которая обеспечивает получение после спекания максимальной относительной плотности и исключает оплавления прессовок в процессе спекания. После спекания и изотермического отжига микроструктура прессовок состоит из равномерно распределенных карбидов в матрице из сорбита и пор.Горячее изостатическое прессование выполнено при температуре 1150 °С, давлении 200 МПа, в среде аргона, выдержке при заданной температуре и давлении 120 мин, охлаждении со скоростью 180 °С/ч до 400 °С, далее – охлаждение на воздухе. При исходной относительной плотности спеченных заготовок порядка 65…75 % цикл ГИП гарантирует их компактирование.Горячая осадка компактных газостатированных заготовок при различной степени обжатия проводилась для придания им приближенной к диску формы для последующего изготовления опытных дисковых фрез. Показано, что степень обжатия при горячей осадке способствуют дроблению карбидной фазы, формируют благоприятную микроструктуру. Карбидная неоднородность во всех полученных материалах не хуже 1 балла (шкала 2) по ГОСТ 19265–73.Из полученных материалов были изготовлены дисковые фрезы, которые прошли стандартную термическую обработку для стали Р6М5 и показали более высокую стойкость по сравнению с инструментами, изготовленными из аналогичной стали по обычной металлургической технологии.
Providing Quick Fastening of the Functional Module to the Frame of Special Equipment to Maintain the Combat Readiness of Armored Weapons
Authors: Akhtulov A. L. , Bukhovtsev E. V. , Dadayan S. E. , Maly V. V. , Moskalenko V. A.
Published: November 2020

В соответствии с концептуальными подходами к разработке перспективных комплексов специальной техники их дальнейшее развитие должно осуществляться на основе создания универсально-модульных мастерских на типовых унифицированных шасси за счет конструктивного и функционального сопряжения специального технологического оборудования с элементами шасси без изменения компоновки и конструкции.В ходе анализа исследований в этой области выявлен ряд вариантов решения данной задачи, каждый из которых обладает своими достоинствами и недостатками: применение стремянок, прижимающих кузов к раме автомобиля посредством гаечного резьбового соединения через амортизационный узел и устройства крепления; перестановка автомобильного кузова-фургона с шасси одного на другое транспортное средство, автономный грузовой модуль с кузовом-фургоном, оснащенный системой самопогрузки-выгрузки, и др.Представлена конструкция устройства быстрого крепления функционального модуля на раме автомобиля, применение которого на специальной технике для обеспечения боеготовности бронетанкового вооружения обеспечивает быстрое и надежное крепление функционального модуля на раме базового шасси. Работоспособность конструкции подтверждена машинным экспериментом, проведенным по разработанным алгоритмам методик компоновочного расчета комплекса, реализованных в виде самостоятельных программ узкого назначения, каждая из которых может транслироваться, компилироваться и записываться на внешний носитель. Программы составлены с использованием стандартного математического обеспечения и могут быть в зависимости от запросов реализованы в виде пакета прикладных программ с различной последовательностью их выполнения. Построенные алгоритмы позволяют использовать для компоновочных расчетов вычислительные комплексы и значительно их упрощают. Жесткостные, инерционные и демпфирующие свойства системы определяются из характеристик отдельных элементов, подсистем и подконструкций путем одинаковых автоматических операций матричной алгебры.Реализация обеспечения взаимозаменяемости шасси транспортного средства с возможностью быстрой замены его функционального модуля позволит помимо решения задачи унификации по составным частям обеспечить полную взаимозаменяемость шасси для различных типов специальной техники, а также формировать ее оптимальный состав для обеспечения боеготовности современных объектов бронетанкового вооружения.
Selecting Shunt Power Capacitors and Non-active Power Compensation Devices for Voltage 1000V
Authors: Fokeev A. E. , Vyatkin N. A.
Published: November 2020

Рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на выбор конденсаторов и устройств компенсации неактивной мощности напряжением до 1000 В. Приведены критерии выбора конденсаторов для устройств компенсации неактивной мощности: коэффициент изменения срока службы, коэффициент использования по реактивной мощности и коэффициент гармонической нагрузки.Проанализированы результаты выбора номинального напряжения конденсаторов для устройств компенсации неактивной мощности. Установлено, что для обеспечения нормативного срока службы устройств компенсации неактивной мощности в рассматриваемых случаях номинальное напряжение конденсаторов должно быть увеличено на 10…20 % по сравнению с типовыми решениями производителей. Срок окупаемости таких решений составляет от 3 до 6 лет при нормативном сроке службы оборудования 15 лет. Для объектов с долей полной мощности нелинейной нагрузки более 50 % в электрической сети напряжением до 1000 В для компенсации неактивной мощности необходимо использовать активные фильтры гармоник.Предложен алгоритм выбора конденсаторов и устройств компенсации неактивной мощности с учетом электромагнитной обстановки в электрической сети, предполагающий использование следующих параметров: коэффициент гармонической нагрузки конденсатора, приведенные годовые затраты.Предложенный алгоритм выбора устройств компенсации неактивной мощности может быть использован в составе методики расчета электрических нагрузок и выбора силового электрооборудования при проектировании трансформаторных подстанций для промышленных объектов, инфраструктурных объектов, жилых и общественных зданий.
Evaluating the Impact of Facility Management Credentials
Authors: Hurtado Kristen , Smithwick Jake , Sullivan Kenneth , Bown Michael
Published: November 2020

The field of facility management (FM) has existed alongside other related fields, such as engineering and construction, yet its place within traditional education pathways is less formalized than is the case with other areas of the built environment. As such, those seeking entry into the profession will discover that it is largely undefined and a function of experience, with many professionals looking to supplement their experience with credentials and continuing education to better prepare themselves for advancement in the FM profession. To better understand and evaluate the impact and value of FM credentials in the industry and for its members, data were collected through two online international surveys of FM professionals and FM organizations. The research was commissioned by the International Facility Management Association (IFMA). The results indicate that FM professionals experience value in attaining a credential, and their employers also benefit. The return on investment of the IFMA credentials was calculated to be 15:1 over five years.
EFL LEARNERS’ CODE-SWITCHING: Why do they switch the language?
Authors: Masna Yuliar
Published: November 2020

This qualitative study aims to figure out the factors that influence EFL learners’ code-switching. In collecting data, a semi-structured interview was conducted in which involved five EFL learners as the participants. Those participants were selected through the purposive sampling method: being second-semester students of the English Language Education Department of Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, and taking Basic Speaking class. Semi-structured interviewed was applied to collect the data needed. The finding of this study showed that all participants employed code-switching in their class. The reasons for EFL learners’ code-switching were influenced by participants’ roles and relationships, selected topics, and interactions. Thus, code-switching was regarded as a useful strategy that helped the learners convey their ideas to be fully understood and meaningful in the interaction process.
Flujo de energía a través de los hogares Tatuyo: análisis preliminar
Authors: Dufour Darna L.
Published: November 2020

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Tecnología de cazadores-recolectores subandinos: análisis funcional y organización tecnológica
Authors: Gnecco Cristóbal , Mohammed Amal
Published: November 2020

Este artículo trata de la organización tecnológica de un grupo de cazadores-recolectores que habitaron los bosques tropicales de las montañas del sur de Colombia durante la última parte del Pleistoceno y la primera mitad del Holoceno: además, presenta los resultados de un análisis funcional de un grupo de 200 artefactos líticos derivados de ocupaciones pre-cerámicas de estos cazadores-recolectores. El grupo de artefactos en el que se basa este estudio fue excavado en La Elvira, un sitio abierto de varios períodos a 10 km al norte de Popayán.
Los de la lengua de Cueva, de Kathleen Romoli
Authors: Morales Gómez Jorge
Published: November 2020

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Programa de arqueología regional del alto Magdalena. Informe sobre la temporada de 1993 en San José de Isnos, Huila
Authors: Sánchez Carlos Augusto
Published: November 2020

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Mobile applications as communication tools of social process in the information society
Authors:   the Far-Eastern federal university, Kolodin D. V. , Vatolina O. V. ,   the Pacific National University
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of pressing issues of relationship between the actors and agents of social process in the framework of using mobile applications. The author's definitions of the concepts “mobile application” and “mobile application store” are proposed in the article. The authors conducted an empirical data collection, a study of public opinion regarding the use of mobile applications and communication processes in the framework of information exchange. A hypothesis is put forward that economic factors prevail over the social factors in the information society. The authors conclude that the process of interaction of social agents through the mobile application store is of particular interest for sociological science and is relevant for the study of information society.
Monitoring implementation of the national project “Small and medium enterprises and support for individual entrepreneurial initiatives” in the territory of the Jewish autonomous region: results for 2019
Authors:   the Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher professional education of the Amur state university named after Sholom Aleichem, Kulagina O. V.
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes effectiveness of this national project (hereinafter referred to as NP) in the territory of the Jewish autonomous region included an assessment of the degree of implementation of tasks and achievement of the targets in accordance with the level of delivery of funds allocated for their achievements under 5 regional projects (hereinafter RP). The target of NP-wide in the region are 71,7%, the lowest percentage of implementation of the objective reasons is given by regional projects related to increasing SMEs’ access to financial support – 5,17% and creating a system to support farmers – 72%. Factors preventing acceleration of small and medium- sized businesses in the Jewish autonomous region have also been identified. Analysis of the dependence of degree of achievement of the regional project targets and the percentage of delivery of funds allocated for their achievement showed a weak correlation. This article outlines the prospects for implementation of regional projects in the Jewish autonomous region within the framework of national project focused on the entrepreneurship development.
Previsão em Sistemas Dinâmicos Caóticos com Ruído
Authors: Salustiano Wilson , L. D. Cavalvante Hugo
Published: November 2020

Um modelo muito comum para sistemas dinâmicos é que sua evolução seja dada por uma equação diferencial. Entretanto, a ocorrência de caos determinístico dificulta a aplicação deste modelo para fazer previsões em sistemas reais. Caos determinístico é um fenômeno com dependência sensível a perturbações, o que causa imprevisibilidade a longo prazo. Mostramos como usar dados de séries temporais de um sistema para estimar as equações diferenciais que determinam sua evolução. Usamos como exemplo o sistema de Lorenz e métodos numéricos que incluem o uso de funções polinomiais para ajustar as velocidades das variáveis do estado, e assim determinar um modelo para a sua evolução temporal. Mostramos também que pode ser usado mesmo na situação de dados com ruídos observacionais.
ThinkTank: Um Jogo Construtivista para Ensino de Pensamento Computacional
Authors: Coutinho Natucci Gabriel , Francisco Borges Marcos Augusto
Published: November 2020

Este artigo discute e apresenta o desenvolvimento do jogo Thinktank, com base construtivista  para o ensino de pensamento computacional e programação. O jogo faz uso de programação em blocos em uma mecânica de fácil entendimento para atingir públicos variados, com pouco ou nenhum conhecimento em programação. Um diferencial deste jogo é a competição multijogador em tempo real pela internet, que permite a aprendizes se desafiarem e jogarem em arenas competitivamente, estimulando-os a melhorar e aprender continuamente novos algoritmos e estratégias para ganhar a partida.  É apresentado um protótipo inicial do jogo, bem como futuras direções de pesquisa e melhorias.