bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENIE: Developing and Assessing State-of-the-Art Integrated Programming Environments
Authors: Goldenson Dennis R. , Chandhok Ravinder P. , Garlan David H. , Meter Glenn , Miller Philip L. , Pane John , Carrasquel Jacobo , Roberts James A. , Skwarecki Edward J.
Published: January 2007

This videotape demonstrates the functionality of Carnegie Mellon's GENIE programming environments. GENIE environment are publicly available on the Macintosh for Pascal and Richard Pattis' Karel the Robot teaching language. They are appropriate for use in introductory and intermediate computer programming methods courses at both the collegiate and secondary school levels. The Karel environment has been used successfully in group settings as early as the fourth grade.GENIE environments are built around syntax directed structure editors. [1, 2] Rather than edit only individual ASCII characters, the editors manipulate elements designated by a specific language grammar. Syntax errors are either prevented altogether or corrected immediately in context.Earlier structure editors often traded their syntax error prevention functionality for highly constrained and clumsy user interfaces. GENIE environments gracefully integrate text and structure editing, such that they have the "look and feel" of a good text editor, with the "intelligence" of a syntax directed structure editor.Through access to a common structure editor data base, GENIE environments combine many advanced tools for program design, comprehension and testing, all integrated in a single, uniform Macintosh user interface. Student program structures are maintained in "unparse" trees which can be mapped to and from text and graphics in many novel ways not constrained by a language's concrete syntax.[3] Different views of a common program database can be displayed and modified concurrently, emphasizing structure and design as well as implementation detail. [4] Similarly, arbitrary pieces of program structure can be hidden from view or displayed at will.At run time GENIE program can be traced at the level of expressions. Graphical data visualizations displaying arbitrary combinations of structured types are updated dynamically during run time and displayed in a representation of the program call stack. [5] Other notable GENIE features include an extensive contextual help system and a "notes" feature useful for project management, course assignments and "on-line" grading.User studies have been conducted at several universities and secondary schools throughout the United States. [6, 7, 8, 9] GENIE students in demanding courses have performed strikingly better than have students using other commercially available Macintosh software configurations.
Book review: Mastering Technical Writing by Joseph C. Mancuso (Addison-Wesley, 1990)
Authors: Langston Diane
Published: January 2007

I reviewed
Mastering Technical Writing
because the title suggested that it was a book of interest to technical writers. However, I do not feel that the book would be best used by technical writers or writing students. A more appropriate title would be
Technical Writing for the Engineer.
Exploring HCI into the '90s
Authors: Lindgaard Gitte
Published: January 2007

Australia only rarely enjoys an opportunity to host international conferences, being too many flight hours removed from the mainstream of research activities. However, at this year's annual conference, CHISIG tested one method for overcoming problems of distance. In an effort to add international flavour to the conference program, keynote speakers from outside Australia were deemed a necessary addition to the local content. Yet, operating on a shoestring budget, "importing" live speakers was well beyond our means.
Report on the CHI'91 UIMS Tool Developers' Workshop
Authors: Sheppard Sylvia
Published: January 2007

The ready availability of computer graphics workstations in the early 1980s generated a need for fast, easy-to-use tools for creating, managing and modifying user interfaces. The designs of the many user interface management systems (UIMSs) developed to fulfill this need have been influenced by model architectures such as the Seeheim model (Green; Pfaff and ten Hagan), the Seattle model (Lantz et al.), MVC (Krasner & Pope), and its more modern successor PAC (Coutaz).
A multi-national sales planning system in APL
Authors: Promisel Steven I.
Published: January 2007

A large multi-national chemical company has been using an APL-based logistics planning system called LOGISTICS*PLUS since 1984. Over the past five years, the original US-based system was extended into Canada and Europe. Recently, business units in Europe asked STSC to develop a sales planning system for LOGISTICS*PLUS. The developed system is used by many people with minimal training from many different countries. The software needed to be easy to access and easy to use. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the requirements of a system that needs to function across international borders. In addition, I will review the implementation of the system in regard to the need to manage multiple currencies, languages, product orientations and time-phased planning.
Do Russian children like APL2?
Authors: Skomorokhov Alexander O.
Published: January 2007

This paper describes the experience of teaching APL2 and computer science based on APL2 to thirteen and fourteen year old children. The paper analyses and illustrates teaching goals, curriculum, teaching methods, and common lesson plans. Examples of learning tasks and APL2 functions are presented. The benefits of APL2 for the education of children are discussed from the viewpoints of psychology, learning motivation, the integration of the teaching process, and practical effectiveness.
A Be´zier curve builder implemented in APL2
Authors: Tollet Gustav , Harrison Peter M.
Published: January 2007

The Be´zier representation of curves is commonly used in computer graphics. A different, less advanced way of representing a curve is that of using a polyline, i.e., a sequence of short straight lines. This paper describes a “curve builder” that converts a polyline into a sequence of one or more Be´zier curves.

Part of the method is based on mathematical groundwork by Pat Beirne of Corel Systems Corporation, with extensions by the authors.

The project was implemented in APL and could not otherwise have been completed with the resources and time available.
Porting and optimising star
Authors: van Batenburg F. H. D. , Bos V. , Riethoven J. J. M. , Abrahams J. P. , Pley C.
Published: January 2007

This paper has three main parts. The first part is a description of our project STAR. It explains what our program does and what makes it special compared to other similar programs.

The second part pertains to the porting of our program to other platforms. It enumerates the errors of our ways, how we struggled to overcome them and what we learned in the process.

The last part narrates our strategy to optimise the program. We will explain why we deviated from the general accepted strategy to optimise those parts with the highest potential gain.
HNC's
MatchPlus
system
Authors: Gallant Stephen I. , Caid William R. , Carleton Joel , Hecht-Nielsen Robert , Qing Kent Pu , Sudbeck David
Published: January 2007

HNC is developing a neural network related approach to document retrieval called
MatchPlus
. Goals of this approach include high precision/recall performance, ease of use, incorporation of machine learning algorithms, and
sensitivity to similarity of use
.
DR-LINK
Authors: Liddy Elizabeth D. , Myaeng Sung H.
Published: January 2007

DR-LINK is a multi-stage document detection system (see Figure 1) being developed under the auspices of DARPA's TIPSTER Project. DR-LINK's overall goal is to simultaneously
focus
the flow of texts through the system by selecting a sub-set of texts on the basis of subject content and then high-lighting those sub-parts of a document which are likely spots of relevant text while
enriching
the semantic representation of text content by: 1) delineating each text's discourse-level structure; 2) detecting relations among concepts; 3) expanding lexical representation with semantically-related terms, and; 4) representing concepts and relations in Conceptual Graphs.
Programming in PACLIB
Authors: Hong Hoon , Schreiner Wolfgang
Published: January 2007

This paper gives a short overview on PACLIB, a new system for
p
arallel
a
lgebraic
c
omputation on shared memory computers. PACLIB has been developed as a professional tool for the simple design and efficient implementation of parallel algorithms in computer algebra and related areas. It provides concurrency, shared memory communication, non-determinism, speculative parallelism, streams and pipelining and a parallelized garbage collection. PACLIB has been implemented on a Sequent Symmetry multiprocessor and is portable to other shared memory machines and workstations.
Spinor analysis and symbolic computation of partition functions
Authors: Lacolle B.
Published: January 2007

The Lenz-Ising model is a famous mathematical model in the field of Statistical Mechanics. The exact solution of this model in the thermodynamic limit, has justified a lot of works. In other way, we deal with finite systems and we present an application of the theory of Spinors to the symbolic computation of the partition function of some generalized finite Ising models. We set up an algorithm which has a polynomial time-complexity in the size of the model. Some significant results are presented.
Tlisp
Authors: Koorey Willcock Diane M.
Published: January 2007

Tlisp is an experimental concurrent lisp based on Xlisp. It is designed to run on an array of transputers with the Helios operating system. The eval-server model of parallelism is used with each transputer in the network reading, evaluating and printing s-expressions independently of the others. Tlisp has been developed for work with computer algebra algorithms, in particular, an interpolation algorithm for computing greatest common divisors of multivariate polynomials. Satisfactory performance has been observed with this application.
Facilitating technology-supported group work
Authors: Beise Catherine M. , Niederman Fred , Beranek Peggy M.
Published: January 2007

This paper discusses the group support systems facilitator as a new category of IS personnel, in terms of background, skills, and training, and how facilitation might be related to existing IS personnel categories, particularly that of the systems analyst. A study is then presented which aims to increase our understanding of the role of the human facilitator, by documenting and comparing skills, experiences, and perceptions of group process facilitators who have used GSS and those who have not.
CorelDRAW
Authors: Hazelwood Mike , Harding Carson
Published: January 2007

Would Matisse have given up his paints for CorelDRAW? Maybe not, but CorelDRAW's sophistication and colour-handling capabilities make it easy to create striking illustrations like the recreation of
Madame Matisse.
(See Figure 1.)
Software piracy
Authors: Tenisci Teresa , Alexander Wendy
Published: January 2007

When we speak of pirates in today's world, two different visions come to mind. The first is of a latter-day swashbuckling ruffian who captures cargo ships and steals the riches and wealth aboard for himself. The second is of a person who copies software from a source to their own PC, without purchasing it from a legal vendor. We may see both as underdogs, fighting the injustice of "the system," while remaining worthy at heart, and therefore somehow admirable. No wonder software piracy is not viewed as a crime by most people. In fact, software piracy is a crime. It is theft.
On computing per-session performance bounds in high-speed multi-hop computer networks
Authors: Kurose Jim
Published: January 2007

We present a technique for computing upper bounds on the
distribution
of individual per-session performance measures such as delay and buffer occupancy for networks in which sessions may be routed over several “hops.” Our approach is based on first stochastically bounding the
distribution
of the number of packets (or cells) which can be generated by each traffic source over various lengths of time and then “pushing” these bounds (which are then shown to hold over new time interval lengths at various network queues) through the network on a per-session basis. Session performance bounds can then be computed once the stochastic bounds on the arrival process have been characterized for each session at all network nodes. A numerical example is presented and the resulting distributional bounds compared with simulation as well as with a point-valued worst-case performance bound.
Analytical models of combining Banyan networks
Authors: Merchant Arif
Published: January 2007

We present in this paper an analytical model of a multistage combining Banyan network with output buffered switches, in hot-sport traffic. In a combining network, packets bound for the same destination are combined into one if they meet at a switch; this alleviates the problem of tree-saturation caused by hot-spot traffic. We model the flow processes in the network as Markov chains and recursively approximate the departure processes of each stage of the network in terms of the departure processes of the preceding stage. This model is used to predict the throughput of the combining network, and comparison with simulation results shows the prediction to be accurate.

A modified combining scheme based on low priorites for hot packets is proposed and analyzed. It is shown that this scheme yields substantial improvements in throughput over the standard combining scheme.
Characterization of database access skew in a transaction processing environment
Authors: Dan Asit , Yu Philip S. , Chung Jen-Yao
Published: January 2007

The knowledge of access skew (non-uniform access) in each database relation is useful for both workload management (buffer pool allocation, transaction routing, etc.), as well as capacity planning for changing workload mix. However, it is a challenging problem to characterize the access skew of a real database workload in a simple manner that can easily be used to compute the buffer hit probability under the LRU replacement policy. A concise way to characterize the access skew is proposed by assuming that the large number of data pages may be logically grouped into a small number of partitions such that the frequency of accessing each page within a partition can be treated as equal. Based on this approach, a recursive binary partitioning algorithm is presented that can infer the access skew from the buffer hit probabilities for a subset of the buffer sizes. This avoids explicit estimation of individual access frequencies for the large number of database pages. The method is validated of its ability to predict buffer hit from the skew characterization using production database traces.
A binary algorithm for the Jacobi symbol
Authors: Shallit Jeffrey , Sorenson Jonathan
Published: January 2007

We present a new algorithm to compute the Jacobi symbol, based on Stein's binary algorithm for the greatest common divisor, and we determine the worst-case behavior of this algorithm. Our implementation of the algorithm runs approximately 7--25% faster than traditional methods on inputs of size 100--1000 decimal digits.
Simulation of communications architecture specifications using Prolog
Authors: Citrin Wayne
Published: January 2007

The design of the Cara simulator, a Prolog-based simulator for communications architecture specifications, is described. Unlike other Prolog-based simulation methods, the Cara simulator supports “exploratory simulation”, in which high-level, incomplete specifications may be simulated, and various specification alternatives and elaborations added to the specification during the course of the simulation. Unlike other simulation methods, which construct Prolog procedures whose behavior models that of the specification, our simulator maintains execution traces of simulated protocol behavior and adds to these traces through the application of rules of inference reflecting the protocol behavior. This method provides a flexibility not found in other approaches.
A tour advisory system using a logic programming approach
Authors: Stamatopoulos Panagiotis , Karali Isambo , Halatsis Constantin
Published: January 2007

A PErsonalized Tourist INformation Advisor is presented, called PETINA, which is a system aiming at constructing tours that satisfy constraints specified by tourists. The system consults a database which contains information about activities, events and sites that refer to Greece. PETINA takes as input user wishes about tour generation expressed as constraints over visits' properties and its output is tours satisfying these constraints. The user wishes may be stated using either a formal language or a graphical interface. The method of computation applies to any problem domain, in case the problem involves combinatorial searching under some kinds of constraints that can be classified into some well defined categories. Although a logic programming approach is suitable and valuable for the formulation of combinatorial search problems, conventional Prolog systems fail to cope with them efficiently. PETINA has been implemented in the ElipSys language, which is a parallel logic programming system extended with various porwerful mechanisms to allow efficient execution. Most of the ElipSys' features were proved to be indispensable for handling the complexity of the encountered problems.
Book review: Computational Morphology Review of two recent texts from MIT Press
Authors: Goldman Robert P.
Published: January 2007

Like a good politician, Michalewicz begins by reducing expectations (he quotes Anthony de Mello: "[The Master] only points the way - he teaches nothing") and follows with a book that is a hodgepodge of introductory material and original work. The subject of the book, as the title suggests, is the study of evolution programs, which are genetic algorithms augmented by novel genetic operators and domain dependent data structures. Indeed, a better title for the book would be:
Genetic Algorithms * (Genetic Operators + Data Structures) = Evolution Programs.
Book review: The AI Workbench BABYLON: An open and portable development environment for expert systems by: T Christaller, F Di Primio, U Schnepf and A Voss (ed) (Academic Press)
Authors: Sasikumar M.
Published: January 2007

Realising the inadequacy of KR systems based on a single paradigm such as rules, frames, etc, many vendors and researchers are attempting to provide a multitude of these paradigms under one umbrella. Though several systems have been reported for over a decade, there are many issues which are not as yet solved satisfactorily. The semantics of integration is far from clear. The problem is much more complex because many of the paradigms overlap significantly in their expressive power. This paves the way for the same information to be represented by different users using different paradigms, often with different results. Hence the choice of an appropriate KR paradigm for a task continues to be difficult.
Book preview: Intelligent MultiMedia Interfaces Edited by Mark T. Maybury (MIT Press)
Authors: Maybury Mark T.
Published: January 2007

This collection is an outgrowth of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) Workshop on Intelligent Multimedia Interfaces which took place at Anaheim, California in August of 1991. Multimedia interfaces are computer interfaces that communicate with users using multiple media (e.g., language, graphics, animations, video, non-speech audio) in multiple modalities (e.g., written text versus spoken language). Intelligent multimedia interfaces go beyond traditional hypemedia or hypertext environments and both process input and generate output in an intelligent or knowledge-based manner.
Book reivew: Consciousness Reconsidered by Owen Flanagan (The MIT Press. 1992)
Authors: O'Rourke Joseph
Published: January 2007

Design and manufacturing play a crucial role in the wealth creation of nations and their use of computer technology forms an important element in the process. Much has been written on the application of AI to design and manufacturing [1,2,3,5,7] in which AI has been touted to be able to increase the effectiveness and sophistication of computer applications in these areas.
Tachyon
Authors: Stillman Jonathan , Arthur Richard , Deitsch Andrew
Published: January 2007

We provide an overview of Tachyon, an implementation of a constraint-based model for representing and reasoning about qualitative and quantitative aspects of time. Tachyon's data model provides substantial expressiveness, fast computation over convex intervals, and will serve as a testbed for topology-driven techniques for handling calculations over non-convex intervals. Our implementation of this model features a graphical interface using X-Windows and InterViews. We are currently exploring the use of Tachyon in a number of areas, including scheduling, project planning, feasibility analysis, and spatio-temporal data management.
A metric time-point and duration-based temporal model
Authors: Barber Federico A.
Published: January 2007

Constraint-based formalisms are a useful and common way to deal with temporal reasoning tasks. Assertions represent temporal constraints between temporal objects, time-points or intervals: Metric temporal constraints between time points permit us to express a minimum and maximum temporal distance between two time points and to define a valid temporal interval for each one. However, existing approaches have limited expressiveness for representing non-disjunctive qualitative constraints of point algebra and the empirical results do not seem very adequate for managing a great number of time points or when the time for management is limited.In this paper, an efficient and expressive time point and duration-based temporal representation model with metric constraints is presented. The main features of the model refer to the formal properties of the internal time model and the specific representation of temporal constraints, which integrates constraints on time-points and on durations and is more adequate for their computational management. Sound and complete management processes are specified on the basis of model properties. From this specification, two choices for management are proposed: (i) with neither propagation nor preprocessing techniques, complete management algorithms have an O(e*n) complexity, but a linear empirical cost is obtained; (ii) with complete propagation an O(n
2
) complexity is achieved.
Some open questions from PD86
Authors: Meyer Steven Jay
Published: January 2007

In my view this year's Physical Design Conference brought forth a number of interesting open questions. The questions involve the following three areas: active area utilization in semicustom circuits, comparison of standard cell and gate array area efficiency, and problems associated with multiple wiring layers.
The impact of end-user computing on information systems development
Authors: Sumner Mary , Klepper Robert
Published: January 2007

In their study of user manager's systems needs, Alloway and Quillard surveyed 529 managers to determine whether current systems supported their information needs. Managers reported that only 44% of the installed base of application systems, most of which were transaction processing systems, were useful. Inquiry systems, which enabled managers to query data bases and to generate reports, and data analysis systems, which provided opportunities for modeling, simulating, and statistical analysis, were overwhelmingly favored by the managers surveyed. However, few of these analysis and inquiry systems existed (Alloway and Quillard, 1983).
Book review: Information and misinformation: an investigation of the notions of information, misinformation, informing, and misinforming by Christopher Fox (Greenwood Press, 1983)
Authors: Frakes William B.
Published: January 2007

Information and Misinformation: An Investigation of the Notions of Information, Misinformation, Informing, and Misinforming. Fox, Christopher John. Westport Conn.: Greenwood Press; 1983: 223 pp.
An approximate analysis of a real-time database concurrency control protocol via Markov modeling
Authors: Ulusoy Özgür
Published: January 2007

Transactions processed in a real-time database system (RTDBS) are associated with real-time constraints typically in the form of deadlines. Computer-integrated manufacturing, the stock market, banking, and command and control systems are several examples of RTDBS applications where the timeliness of transaction response is as important as the consistency of data. Design of a RTDBS requires the integration of concepts from both real-time systems and database systems to handle the timing and consistency requirements together; i.e., to execute transactions so as to both meet the deadlines and maintain the database consistency.
HCI EDUCATION NEWS: HCI EDUCATION SURVEY NOW AVAILABLE
Authors: Gasen Jean B. , Perlman Gary
Published: January 2007

The HCI Survey of Educational Programs is now available to colleges, faculty, and students. The survey, developed jointly by Gary Perlman and Jean Gasen, contains information about degree and non-degree programs, faculty, and courses on Human-Computer Interaction. The primary goal of the survey is to provide prospective students (particularly graduate students) information about educational opportunities, and secondarily to provide HCI educators information about other HCI educators. Unlike some of the other surveys, we wanted the HCI Education Survey to be easily updated and accessed primarily in electronic form. The cost of printing and mailing the survey and the widespread availability of electronic mail and personal computers made the collection and dissemination of an electronic report preferred over print media.
VISUAL INTERACTION DESIGN SPECIAL INTEREST AREA
Authors: Wadlow Maria G.
Published: January 2007

Most of us have worked in design teams at one time or another. As visual interaction designers, we're accustomed to being the one graphic designer, or the one typographer, or the one human factors specialist in a team that is otherwise constructed entirely of computer scientists, or of engineers, or of psychologists. It's easy to think of ourselves as outsiders, foreigners who don't quite speak the language and aren't familiar with the customs of the rest of the team.
A headsup on GUI styleguides
Authors: Root Robert W. , Uyeda Kathy M.
Published: January 2007

This article reports on a Special Interest Group meeting at CHI'92 to discuss issues associated with the development, deployment and use of design guidelines for Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). We discovered that styleguide practitioners (those who are responsible for developing commercial or inhouse guidelines) are desperately in need of moral support, advice on how to construct styleguides, and access to a sound, scientific base of HCI information that can be used to help make design decisions in the real world. The immediate challenges facing the Human Factors community are the need for solid and timely research to support guidelines, better transfer of research results to the real world, and the evolution of styleguide development into a systematic methodology that produces good guidelines and, therefore, good user interfaces.
On lessons learned from A. A. Milne with contributions from Winnie the Pooh
Authors: Gasen Jean B.
Published: January 2007

No matter how many courses, semesters and years pass by, I never seem to reach Christopher Robin's state of self-assurance. I am continually baffled by the challenge of determining "the best" method for organizing an HCI course and, like Eeyore, am never quite satisfied to remain with the status quo. So what's the big deal?
Friend21 project
Authors: Ueda Hirotada
Published: January 2007

The FRIEND21 project was initiated by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. FRIEND21 is an acronym for Future Personalized Information Environment Development. The goal of this project is to develop the next-generation human interface architecture for the computing machinery of the 21st century. The research and development period of this project is six years. In October 1988, P.I.E. (Institute for Personalized Information Environment) was authorized to handle the project to its conclusion at the end of March 1994.
The making of the SIGCHI identity design
Authors: Watzman Suzanne
Published: January 2007

As of this writing (December 1992), SIGCHI is in the midst of developing an organizational identity program. As chair of the committee responsible for this identity program, I'd like to tell you about our plans and what we've done so far.
The role of menu titles as a navigational aid in hierarchical menus
Authors: Gray John
Published: January 2007

A between-subjects experiment was conducted to determine the effects of the presence/absence of menu titles on the search time and the number of incorrect choices made when navigating a hierarchical menu structure. Subjects were required to search for a randomly selected target item in a four level, three choices per level (4
3
) menu structure. Subjects in the experimental group had titles for each sub-menu screen. Titles reflected the path traversed from the previous sub-menu screens. Control group subjects did not have titles displayed. While subjects in the experimental group did not search at a statistically significant faster rate, as the depth of the search (level) increased they did search with greater accuracy than those in the control group.
Bibliography
Authors: Buie Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2007

At the first meeting of the Interest Group on Individual Differences, held at CHI'85 (and reported in the July 1985 issue of the
Bulletin
), many attendees stated that they came to find out what was meant by "individual differences." Others had noticed differences among their users and were looking for guidelines to assist them in designing user-system interfaces to accommodate this variation. Still others, myself included, were familiar with one or two specific kinds of individual differences and had some ideas about their possible implications for USI design. Some of us had begun to investigate some of the differences, but no one seemed to have comprehensive information on the current state of knowledge about individual differences.
TEMPORAL CONTEXT AND MEMORY FOR NOTES STORED IN THE COMPUTER
Authors: Monty Melissa L.
Published: January 2007

Observations of users of the Xerox NoteCards system have revealed the difficulties that occur when one must organize and keep track of large numbers of notes collected over a long period of time. Notes are almost inevitably incomplete, and if removed from their original context, frequently do not adequately remind the writer of the idea they intended to record. People often rely upon incidental contextual cues (e.g., coffee stains) to help them recognize a note, but these cues are lost in the computer environment. Advanced computer authoring systems are designed to provide organizational tools for describing, linking, and categorizing notes, but truly effective organizations require planning and effort in which the notetaker is often unwilling or unable to invest.
A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AUTHORING USING NOTECARDS
Authors: Monty Melissa L. , Moran Thomas P.
Published: January 2007

Authoring is a general term that includes the tasks of collecting and organizing notes and ideas, documenting sources, and building information structures to produce a report, article, or book. The Xerox NoteCards system was designed to assist in the authoring process and to develop models of authoring. We employed a history graduate student to use the NoteCards system to write a research paper and studied him closely through observations, interviews, videotapes of his working sessions, and archived versions of his working files. Over a period of seven months he collected and organized his notes and ideas and wrote an outline and first draft of his paper using NoteCards.
FEEDBACK FORMAT AND USER TRAINING IN ASR OF DIGITS
Authors: Canavesio Franco , Castagneri Giuseppe
Published: January 2007

Continuous improvements of algorithms for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), and the availability on the market of a variety of devices, will enhance the possibility of voice input applications in telecommunications.
HUMAN/COMPUTER INTERACTION IN THE YEAR 2000
Authors: Thomas John C.
Published: January 2007

The plan of this summary will be to first summarise the main points made during the discussion. My own comments focussed on the important but relatively neglected area of motivation, particularly intrinsic motivation as a factor in the design of Human/Computer interaction. As the work force moves away from farm and manufacturing toward an involvement with service and knowledge, intrinsic motivation, as opposed to extrinsic, will become increasingly important. Partly this is because it is easier to measure performance objectively in farm and manufacturing environments.
Developing computer aided design technology in China
Authors: Gallagher Richard S
Published: January 2007

Computer aided design (CAD) -- the use of computer graphics, geometric modeling and database technology to assist the automation of the design process -- has been one of the major technical advances in the engineering field in the last decade. As an accessible means of reducing the time and labor involved in the design cycle in industry, it is viewed by officials of the People's Republic of China as an important part of the country's modernization of technology.
Pictorial representations of abstract concepts relating to human-computer interaction
Authors: Rogers Yvonne
Published: January 2007

Recently, there has been a growing trend to develop interfaces which incorporate icons and various other visual symbols to represent system information. The idea behind this trend is that visual symbols can help reduce the complexity of the system and make it easier to understand and use. A problem with substituting this form of graphic interfacing for existing verbal command languages, however, is the extent to which abstract concepts, which underlie the operation of most systems, can be effectively represented in a graphic form that is both meaningful and discriminable.
Abstracts of interest
Authors: Humphrey Susanne M. , Shneiderman Ben
Published: January 2007

The following abstracts were selected from a computer search, using the BRS Information Technologies retrieval service, of the Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) database produced by University Microfilms International.Unless otherwise specified, paper or microform copies of dissertations may be ordered, using the UM order number, from University Microfilms International, Dissertation Copies, Post Office Box 1764, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; telephone for U.S. (except Michigan, Hawaii or Alaska): 800/521-3042, for Canada: 800/268-6090. Price lists, ordering and shipping information are in the introduction to the published DAI. An alternate source for copies is sometimes provided at the end of the abstract.The dissertation titles and abstracts contained here are published with permission of University Microfilms International, publishers of Dissertation Abstracts International (copyright 1985 by University Microfilms International), and may not be reproduced without their prior permission.
Reviews
Authors: Lepick Kling Julie
Published: January 2007

User Centered System Design
is a collection of 22 essays by 19 contributors writing individually and in various combinations. The book grew out of the Human-Machine Interaction project at the University of California, San Diego in 1984. (Its title alludes to the locus of the project at UCSD.)
User Centered System Design
represents the culmination of the collaborative efforts of the individuals who participated in this project.
The standards factor
Authors: Meads Jon
Published: January 2007

When Lorraine Borman asked me to act as the focal point for standards of interest to the SIGCHI community, I didn't expect it to be much of an effort. The only relevant issue appeared to be the infamous German DIN proposed standard for interactive screen presentations, which appeared to be too vague and indiscriminate to be applicable to much at all. Surely, after an initial furor, it would die a vagrant's death - unnoticed and unmourned.
School time table scheduling in Prolog
Authors: Monfroglio A
Published: January 2007

The school Time-Table Scheduling task is a very hard operations research and engineering problem, especially when-implemented in a conventional language. That is due to the imperative, deterministic nature of most conventional languages, such as BASIC and PASCAL and to the long series of constraints and goals inside the problem. The descriptive, logic-based and nondeterministic nature of Prolog language, and its ability to backtrack allows one to easily obtain a deductive data base, mixing the facts, rules, and constraints of the Time-table. Two systems, one nonmonotonic, and one monotonic with a non-monotonic reasoning structure are compared and their performances in a significant test are discussed. The approach may be easily generalized to other analogous engineering, scheduling and operations research problems.
Darwinian evolution as a paradigm for AI research
Authors: Fenanzo A
Published: January 2007

Modern Darwinian evolutionary theory is a robust set of concepts that must be transported as a whole if they are to be used paradigmatically in any other context than that of their origin. For Al, the most immediately relevant lessons of evolutionary theory and process are listed below. Their meaning for AI research is that evolution can provide a paradigm for and the outline of an evolving system beyond the metaphorical sense of "evolution," if the full Darwinian paradigm is adopted. This discussion outlines how AI research can make use of the full Darwinian evolutionary paradigm by constructing "learning systems" upon a simulated genetic basis. It also suggests how the Darwinian evolutionary process is already active in one non-biotic context, namely, large organizations (public and private) that extensively use data base management systems (DBMS).
Special Interest Areas: VISUAL INTERACTION DESIGN SPECIAL INTEREST AREA
Authors: Wadlow Maria G.
Published: January 2007

Visual Interaction Design is the first Special Interest Area within SIGCHI. A Special Interest Area (SIA) is a group with specialized interests in an area which falls within the boundaries of the larger CHI domain. SIAs have been discussed as a possibility within SIGCHI for some time but the Visual Interaction Design SIA is the first real application of this concept.
INTERCHI'93
Authors: Stevens Peter
Published: January 2007

User interface design, human factors and enterprise-wide technology planning continue to be increasingly important in the design of products ranging from industrial controls to workstation and PC software. According to a recent survey by Brad Myers and Mary Beth Rosson, reported in the proceedings of CH'92, "an average of 48% of the code is devoted to the user interface portion" for the projects they surveyed. CHI conferences in the past have provided important venues for learning about advances in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field. INTERCHI'93, a joint conference of INTERACT and CHI, looks to be especially important. Planned for April of 1993 in Amsterdam, the conference presents both unique advantages and challenges because of its European location.
Object-oriented software development in a commercial environment
Authors: Birrer Andreas , Bischofberger Walter , Gamma Erich , Schäffer Bruno , Weinand André
Published: January 2007

The objective of this poster is to show the evolution of the application framework ET++ from a university research project to a seamless platform for commercial application development in a banking environment. The presentation of our recent projects should stimulate the interaction between the ET++ developers and current and future ET++ users, application framework users and developers in general.
Measurement-driven restructuring of object oriented applications
Authors: Yousfi Nadir
Published: January 2007

In a class hierarchy, a method should have access to only as many attributes as it needs to do its job. In general case, object programmers do not have regard to such an optimizing criterion. Consequent defaults are displayed and measured. In analyzing the way class attributes are used by methods, can we define alternative classes, not containing more attributes than are needed? Is it possible to translate an application into one achieving the same purpose but with attributes more efficiently spread in class hierarchy? We propose a reversible technique for restructuring that may answer these questions. Indirectly, it provides by measurement a way for localizing attributes and restricting their use in an object system. [Lieb 88], [Parn 86].
A programming language based on the concepts of objects and fields
Authors: Nishio Fumihiko , Watanabe Toyohide , Sugie Noboru
Published: January 2007

The object-oriented model is very successful to represent various phenomena in our real world from an entity-category point of view. However, it is not sufficient to model the dynamic actions of autonomous entities under this paradigm. This model is in short of representing the relationships between entities and the environments. In this paper, we propose an experimental object-oriented programming language to manage the relationships together.
A comparison of object-oriented analysis and design methods (abstract)
Authors: Fowler Martin
Published: January 2007

This tutorial shows how to look inside design and analysis methods to see how they differ, and more importantly, how they are the same. It examines several of the most well-known methods, including Booth, Coad/Yourdon, Odell/Martin, Rumbaugh, and Schlaer/Mellor, but its analysis techniques can be applied to any method.

In general, each method is made up of several techniques (e.g. ER modeling, state transition diagrams) each of which emphasizes a particular aspect of the system. These techniques can be classified as being for structural (data), behavioral architectural modeling. The tutorial shows the techniques each method uses and how different methods use different dialects of the same I techniques, varying the notation and introducing new concepts. It uses examples to show how the same system is expressed in different ways by the various methods. The tutorial also compares the design approach advocated by each method.

This tutorial will help you decide which method will work best for you. In addition, you will learn how ideas from different methods can be combined to better suit the system under analysis.
Specification techniques for object-oriented software (abstract)
Authors: Dodani Mahesh H.
Published: January 2007

There are many techniques for specifying software. However, they are not usually presented in a way that is directly applicable to object-oriented software. This tutorial surveys both operational and descriptive specification techniques, shows how to use them in several popular object-oriented software engineering methods, and provides case studies of developing useful, formal specification mechanisms that are appropriate for object-oriented software engineering.

The tutorial first describes criteria for choosing specification mechanisms from both a theoretical (syntax and semantics, specifying properties, reasoning about properties, verification) and practical (ease of use, modularity, applicability, supporting tools) perspective. These criteria are then used to survey several popular operational (data flow diagrams, finite state machines, and petri nets) and descriptive (entity-relationship models, logic, and algebraic specifications) specification mechanisms. Finally it shows how to extend two of these techniques (algebraic specifications and finite state machines) so that they are suitable for object-oriented software engineering.
The design and management of C++ class libraries (abstract)
Authors: Riel Arthuir
Published: January 2007

Producing reusable C++ class libraries takes more than just knowing the language: it requires careful design. This tutorial shows how to create truly reusable C++ class libraries. It includes how to design a minimal public interface, variable-size objects, memory leakage, heuristics for operator overloading, designing reusable base-classes, using inheritance and containment, and deciding how to place classes in a class library.
Schema updates for object-oriented database systems (abstract)
Authors: Zicari Roberto
Published: January 2007

OODBMS are often used for complex data whose structure is likely to change over time, yet the problem of schema updates has not been completely solved by any commercial or research OODBMS. This tutorial describes the schema modification problem and why it is important, what is really offered by products, what a good solution would be like, and whether we are likely to see it soon.

The tutorial reviews several commercial OODBMS products that provide facilities for updating the schema, namely: Gemstone (Servio Corporation), ITASCA(Itasca), 02(02Technology), ObjectStore (ObjectDesign), Ontos (Ontologic) and Statice (Symbolics). It also describes the solutions proposed in some experimental research prototypes and the open problems that remain.
Applying text and graphic tools in parallel (abstract)
Authors: Coad Peter , Nicola Jill
Published: January 2007

Which is bettertext or graphicsfor exploiting and communicating
object-oriented results? Both! To illustrate the desirability,
effectiveness, and impact of using both mediums, this demonstration
works through a small OOA/OOD model with text and graphicson two
large screens, side-by-side, in parallel. The demonstration
includes practical insights on how to use both text and graphics
for better developing and communicating object-oriented results. It
also includes a look at the theories which point to a dramatic need
for a more multi-faceted approach. Special emphasis is placed on
the theory of seven intelligenceslinguistic, mathematical/logical,
spatial, musical, body-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and
intrapersonal.

Two tools for visualizing objectstext (Smalltalk) and graphics
(from the ObjecThink Series)are applied side-by-side, in parallel.
Participants experience first-hand the needand the impactof
applying multimedia approaches to stimulate more effective object
think.