bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of glyphosate-resistant weeds and starvation on biological, reproductive, and preference parameters ofChrysodeixis includens(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Leite Natália Alves , Redaelli Luiza Rodrigues , de Assis Larissa Souza , Mendes Simone Martins , da Silva Alexandre Ferreira
Published: October 2022

Glyphosate-resistant weeds are difficult to manage and can serve as hosts for pests that threaten cultivated crops.Chrysodeixis includens(Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the main polyphagous pests of soybean in Brazil that can benefit from weeds' presence during season and off-season. Despite its pest status, little is known aboutC. includenssurvival and development on alternative hosts, including those resistant to glyphosate. Therefore, we assessed the biology, reproduction, preference, and survival at different feeding periods ofC. includenson seven glyphosate-resistant weeds (Sumatran fleabane, Italian ryegrass, sourgrass, goosegrass, smooth pigweed, wild poinsettia, hairy beggarticks) commonly found in Brazilian agroecosystems, under laboratory conditions. Our results showed thatC. includenssurvival and reproduction were similar on soybean and wild poinsettia. Survival and reproduction were lower on smooth pigweed and hairy beggarticks. Also, these plants prolonged the larval stage. Larvae did not pupate when fed on sourgrass, goosegrass, Italian ryegrass, and Sumatran fleabane. However, on Sumatran fleabane their biomass was higher. The mean generation time was lower on wild poinsettia. This weed was preferred to soybean. An antifeeding factor was observed on Sumatran fleabane. Larvae fed for 11 days on soybean, wild poinsettia and smooth pigweed developed into pupae. In agricultural systems, farmers must pay attention to the management of these weeds, especially wild poinsettia, smooth pigweed, and hairy beggarticks, to interrupt the cycle of this pest, since these plants can serve as main sources of infestation for the soybean crop.
Characteristics and application of present in situ stress field of a strike-slip fault: a 3D finite-element simulation study
Authors: Zhao Teng , Zhang Jibiao , Ding Wenlong , Zhao Rui , Radwan Ahmed E , Wang Xinghua
Published: October 2022

Previous hydrocarbon explorations in the middle of the Tarim Basin indicate that strike-slip faults play an important role in the development of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation. The SB5 fault in the Tarim Basin was the target of this investigation. An evaluation of the stress in situ was carried out and provided boundary conditions to build a 3D geomechanical model. The distribution and application of present in situ stress in the strike-slip fault were studied. The results show good agreement between the absolute measured stress in situ and the modelled stresses, revealing a different stress regime along the strike-slip fault. The uplift segment belongs to a strike-slip stress state, and other areas belong to a normal fault stress state. The strike-slip fault has a significant influence on the present in situ stress distribution. The direction of the maximum horizontal stress deflects near the fault and tends to be parallel to the fault strike. This work introduces a comprehensive evaluation of the present in situ stress of the fractured carbonate reservoirs controlled by the strike-slip fault system. The present in situ stress direction can clarify the propagation direction of hydraulic fracturing and serve to evaluate the effectiveness of natural fractures.
Cuthbert’s relics and the origins of the diocese of Durham
Authors: McGuigan Neil
Published: October 2022

The established view of the Viking-Age Northumbrian Church has never been substantiated with verifiably contemporary evidence but is an inheritance from one strand of ‘historical research’ produced in post-Conquest England. Originatingc.1100, the strand we have come to associate with Symeon of Durham places the relics and see of Cuthbert at Chester-le-Street from the 880s until a move to Durham in the 990s. By contrast, other guidance, including Viking-Age material, can be read to suggest that Cuthbert was at Norham on the river Tweed and did not come to Durham or even Wearside until after 1013. Further, our earliest guidance indicates that the four-see Northumbrian episcopate still lay intact until at least the time of Æthelstan (r. 924–39). The article ends by seeking to understand the origins of the diocese of Durham and its historical relationship with both Chester-le-Street and Norham in a later context than hitherto sought.
Segnof the times: a new solution for Exeter Riddle 55
Authors: Burdorff Sara
Published: October 2022

This article proposes ‘military standard’ or ‘banner’, OEsegn, as the solution to the problematic Exeter Book Riddle 55 (Ic seah in healle…). The solution addresses each of the clues offered by the riddle-poet, using an object with attested sociocultural significance to the early English people. In so doing, it attempts to resolve several longstanding critical questions surrounding the riddle, and highlights some of the sociocultural insights to be gained from this riddle-solution pair.
Bankruptcy costs, idiosyncratic risk, and long-run growth
Authors: Acosta-Ormaechea Santiago , Morozumi Atsuyoshi
Published: October 2022

This paper analyzes how idiosyncratic risk, measured by the variance of firm-level idiosyncratic shocks, affects long-run growth when bankruptcy costs are present. These costs are incurred by creditors during the bankruptcy procedure of failing firms. In an endogenous growth model with bankruptcy costs where firms privately observe the outcome of idiosyncratic shocks, an increase in idiosyncratic risk reduces long-run growth. This happens because, when bankruptcy costs are present, higher idiosyncratic risk enlarges the wedge between the rental rate of capital and its marginal product, thereby slowing down capital accumulation. This growth-reducing effect of idiosyncratic risk is stronger when bankruptcy costs are higher. Empirical support for these propositions is provided in a growth regression that exploits cross-country variations in the dispersion of firms’ real sales growth as a proxy for idiosyncratic risk along with recovery rates as a measure that proxies the inverse of bankruptcy costs.
Learning How to Learn in a Real-Life Context
Authors: Arvanitis Alexios , Touloumakos Anna K. , Dimitropoulou Panagiota , Vlemincx Elke , Theodorou Marios , Panayiotou Georgia
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The soft-skills gap – the misalignment between the soft skills needed at the workplace and the soft skills possessed by the workforce – is considered to be widening, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents evidence from two focus-group interviews conducted in May 2021 and May 2022 in Greece. We wanted to understand the factors influencing the soft-skills gap and possible ways to narrow it. Participants were experts on soft skills, involved in various ways and roles in the teaching, training, and evaluation of soft skills. They expressed their concerns about the soft-skills gap and identified aspects that involved employees, employers, the work environment, and the broader social environment. The idea of a constantly changing environment led to the conclusion that adaptability, taking the initiative, and metacognitive skills are most important for university graduates. This conclusion came with a caveat: Learning should take place in real-life contexts, and universities should find ways to embed educational practices in social and work interactions, both inside and outside universities, working closely with local communities.
Projection of Streamflow Change Using a Time‐Varying Budyko Framework in the Contiguous United States
Authors: Li Zhiying , Quiring Steven M.
Published: October 2022

Predicting future streamflow change is essential for water resources management and understanding the impacts of projected climate and land use changes on water availability. The Budyko framework is a useful and computationally efficient tool to model streamflow at larger spatial scales. This study predicts future streamflow changes in 889 watersheds in the contiguous United States based on projected climate and land use changes from 2040 to 2069. The temporal variability of surface water balance controls, represented by the Budyko ω parameter, was modeled using multiple linear regression, random forest (RF), and gradient boosting. Results show that RF is the optimal model and can explain >85% of the variance in most watersheds. Relative cumulative moisture surplus, forest coverage, crop land and urban land are the most important variables of the time‐varying ω in most watersheds. There are statistically significant increases in mean annual precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and ω in 2040–2069, as compared to 1950–2005. This leads to a statistically significant decrease in the runoff ratio (Q/P). Streamflow is projected to decrease in the central, southwestern, and southeastern United States and increase in the northeast. These projections of water availability which are based on future climate and land use change scenarios can inform water resources management and adaptation strategies.
Entanglement-enhanced matter-wave interferometry in a high-finesse cavity
Authors: Greve Graham P. , Luo Chengyi , Wu Baochen , Thompson James K.
Published: October 2022

An ensemble of atoms can operate as a quantum sensor by placing atoms in a superposition of two different states. Upon measurement of the sensor, each atom is individually projected into one of the two states. Creating quantum correlations between the atoms, that is entangling them, could lead to resolutions surpassing the standard quantum limit1–3 set by projections of individual atoms. Large amounts of entanglement4–6 involving the internal degrees of freedom of laser-cooled atomic ensembles4–16 have been generated in collective cavity quantum-electrodynamics systems, in which many atoms simultaneously interact with a single optical cavity mode. Here we report a matter-wave interferometer in a cavity quantum-electrodynamics system of 700 atoms that are entangled in their external degrees of freedom. In our system, each individual atom falls freely under gravity and simultaneously traverses two paths through space while entangled with the other atoms. We demonstrate both quantum non-demolition measurements and cavity-mediated spin interactions for generating squeezed momentum states with directly observed sensitivity $$3\,.\,{4}_{-0.9}^{+1.1}$$

3

.

4

−
0.9

+
1.1

 dB and $$2\,.\,{5}_{-0.6}^{+0.6}$$

2

.

5

−
0.6

+
0.6

 dB below the standard quantum limit, respectively. We successfully inject an entangled state into a Mach–Zehnder light-pulse interferometer with directly observed sensitivity $$1\,.\,{7}_{-0.5}^{+0.5}$$

1

.

7

−
0.5

+
0.5

 dB below the standard quantum limit. The combination of particle delocalization and entanglement in our approach may influence developments of enhanced inertial sensors17,18, searches for new physics, particles and fields19–23, future advanced gravitational wave detectors24,25 and accessing beyond mean-field quantum many-body physics26–30.
Borgs are giant genetic elements with potential to expand metabolic capacity
Authors: Al-Shayeb Basem , Schoelmerich Marie C. , West-Roberts Jacob , Valentin-Alvarado Luis E. , Sachdeva Rohan , Mullen Susan , Crits-Christoph Alexander , Wilkins Michael J. , Williams Kenneth H. , Doudna Jennifer A. , Banfield Jillian F.
Published: October 2022

Anaerobic methane oxidation exerts a key control on greenhouse gas emissions1, yet factors that modulate the activity of microorganisms performing this function remain poorly understood. Here we discovered extraordinarily large, diverse DNA sequences that primarily encode hypothetical proteins through studying groundwater, sediments and wetland soil where methane production and oxidation occur. Four curated, complete genomes are linear, up to approximately 1 Mb in length and share genome organization, including replichore structure, long inverted terminal repeats and genome-wide unique perfect tandem direct repeats that are intergenic or generate amino acid repeats. We infer that these are highly divergent archaeal extrachromosomal elements with a distinct evolutionary origin. Gene sequence similarity, phylogeny and local divergence of sequence composition indicate that many of their genes were assimilated from methane-oxidizing Methanoperedens archaea. We refer to these elements as ‘Borgs’. We identified at least 19 different Borg types coexisting with Methanoperedens spp. in four distinct ecosystems. Borgs provide methane-oxidizing Methanoperedens archaea access to genes encoding proteins involved in redox reactions and energy conservation (for example, clusters of multihaem cytochromes and methyl coenzyme M reductase). These data suggest that Borgs might have previously unrecognized roles in the metabolism of this group of archaea, which are known to modulate greenhouse gas emissions, but further studies are now needed to establish their functional relevance.
Substrate-driven assembly of a translocon for multipass membrane proteins
Authors: Sundaram Arunkumar , Yamsek Melvin , Zhong Frank , Hooda Yogesh , Hegde Ramanujan S. , Keenan Robert J.
Published: October 2022

Most membrane proteins are synthesized on endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-bound ribosomes docked at the translocon, a heterogeneous ensemble of transmembrane factors operating on the nascent chain1,2. How the translocon coordinates the actions of these factors to accommodate its different substrates is not well understood. Here we define the composition, function and assembly of a translocon specialized for multipass membrane protein biogenesis3. This ‘multipass translocon’ is distinguished by three components that selectively bind the ribosome–Sec61 complex during multipass protein synthesis: the GET- and EMC-like (GEL), protein associated with translocon (PAT) and back of Sec61 (BOS) complexes. Analysis of insertion intermediates reveals how features of the nascent chain trigger multipass translocon assembly. Reconstitution studies demonstrate a role for multipass translocon components in protein topogenesis, and cells lacking these components show reduced multipass protein stability. These results establish the mechanism by which nascent multipass proteins selectively recruit the multipass translocon to facilitate their biogenesis. More broadly, they define the ER translocon as a dynamic assembly whose subunit composition adjusts co-translationally to accommodate the biosynthetic needs of its diverse range of substrates.
Spatial transcriptome profiling of normal human liver
Authors: Yu Shizhe , Wang Haoren , Yang Lingpeng , Yan Yingxue , Cai Qiang , Ma Duo , Jiang Long , Gao Zehai , Yu Zhiyong , Xia Zongping
Published: October 2022

The comprehensive study of the spatial-cellular anatomy of the human liver is critical to addressing the cellular origins of liver disease. Here we conducted spatial transcriptomics on normal human liver tissue sections, providing detailed information of liver zonation at the transcriptional level. We present 6581 high-quality spots from normal livers of two human donors. In this dataset, cells were mainly hepatocytes, and we classified them into four sub-groups. Collectively, these data provide a reliable reference for studies on spatial heterogeneity of liver lobules.
Distribution, source apportionment, and risk analysis of heavy metals in river sediments of the Urmia Lake basin
Authors: Rezapour Salar , Asadzadeh Farrokh , Nouri Amin , Khodaverdiloo Habib , Heidari Mohammad
Published: October 2022

The anthropogenic heavy metal dissemination in the natural environment through riverine sediments is a major ecological and public health concern around the world. This study gives insight into the source apportionment and potential ecological and health risks of heavy metals in river sediments of the Urmia Lake basin, a natural world heritage located in northwestern Iran. A comprehensive sediment sampling was conducted in seven major rivers feeding the basin during the summer and winter of 2021. Samples were analyzed for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) contents and a suite of chemical and physical properties. Subsequently, Pollution Index (PI), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Ecological Risk (ER), Hazard Quotients (HQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) indices were determined. The mean concentration of heavy metals in all rivers’ sediments exhibited the descending order of Ni > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd during both summer and winter. Multivariate analysis suggested that Zn was primarily initiated from natural processes, Cd and Pb were affected by human activities, and Cu along Ni were derived from natural and anthropogenic factors. The PI unveiled that most sediment samples were unpolluted to slightly polluted by Zn, Cu, and Pb, and slightly to moderately polluted by Cd. PLI and ER indices demonstrated that the sediment poses non to moderate pollution and low to moderate ecological risk, respectively. Using a human health risk approach, we found that the HI values of all heavy metals and THI were less than one for children and adults implying non-carcinogenic risk in the analyzed sediments. Carcinogenic effects of Cd and Pb at all rivers sediments via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact were almost within tolerable risks (1 × 10−6to 1 × 10−4) for children and adults. PI, PLI, ER, HQ, HI, and CR index values of sediment samples during the summer were higher than those during the winter. This is attributed to the greater heavy metal concentrations and the lower water flow during summer. Our results provide practical information for better management and control of heavy metal pollution in aquatic-sedimentary ecosystems.
Ultrasonographic changes in quadriceps femoris thickness in women with normal pregnancy and women on bed rest for threatened preterm labor
Authors: Takahashi Yohei , Kaji Takashi , Yasui Toshiyuki , Yoshida Atsuko , Yonetani Naoto , Suzue Naoto , Katoh Shinsuke , Maeda Kazuhisa , Sairyo Koichi , Irahara Minoru , Iwasa Takeshi
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the changes in quadriceps femoris muscle thickness during the pregnancy and postpartum periods and to elucidate the effect of bed rest for threatened preterm labor on muscle thickness. In 26 women with normal pregnancy, quadriceps femoris thickness was measured at 11–13, 26, 30, and 35 weeks’ gestation, and at 3–5 days and 1 month postpartum using ultrasonography. In 15 pregnant women treated with bed rest for threatened premature labor, quadriceps femoris thickness was measured at 30 and 35 weeks’ gestation and postpartum. In women with normal pregnancy, quadriceps femoris thickness increased, peaking at 35 weeks’ gestation, followed by a postpartum decrease. In women on bed rest, quadriceps femoris thickness showed no significant change during the pregnancy and postpartum periods, and the muscle was significantly thinner at 35 weeks’ gestation than that in women with normal pregnancy. In conclusion, a significant increase in quadriceps femoris muscle thickness during normal pregnancy was found using ultrasonography. Meanwhile, in pregnant women on bed rest treatment, the quadriceps femoris was significantly thinner in the late third trimester than that in normal pregnant women. Prolonged bed rest can affect normal changes in the quadriceps femoris muscle thickness during the pregnancy and postpartum periods.
Deep learning for religious and continent-based toxic content detection and classification
Authors: Abbasi Ahmed , Javed Abdul Rehman , Iqbal Farkhund , Kryvinska Natalia , Jalil Zunera
Published: October 2022

With time, numerous online communication platforms have emerged that allow people to express themselves, increasing the dissemination of toxic languages, such as racism, sexual harassment, and other negative behaviors that are not accepted in polite society. As a result, toxic language identification in online communication has emerged as a critical application of natural language processing. Numerous academic and industrial researchers have recently researched toxic language identification using machine learning algorithms. However, Nontoxic comments, including particular identification descriptors, such as Muslim, Jewish, White, and Black, were assigned unrealistically high toxicity ratings in several machine learning models. This research analyzes and compares modern deep learning algorithms for multilabel toxic comments classification. We explore two scenarios: the first is a multilabel classification of Religious toxic comments, and the second is a multilabel classification of race or toxic ethnicity comments with various word embeddings (GloVe, Word2vec, and FastText) without word embeddings using an ordinary embedding layer. Experiments show that the CNN model produced the best results for classifying multilabel toxic comments in both scenarios. We compared the outcomes of these modern deep learning model performances in terms of multilabel evaluation metrics.
Women’s quality of sleep and in vitro fertilization success
Authors: Reschini Marco , Buoli Massimiliano , Facchin Federica , Limena Alessia , Dallagiovanna Chiara , Bollati Valentina , Somigliana Edgardo
Published: October 2022

Women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) are emotionally challenged. Anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances are common complaints. The impact of these symptoms on IVF outcome is however debated. In this study, we aimed at investigating whether sleep quality and psychological health can affect the chances of success of the procedure. Women undergoing IVF were recruited at the time of oocytes retrieval. Women’s sleep quality and psychological health was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Baseline characteristics and results of the three scales were compared between women who did and did not succeed. Overall, 263 women were included, of whom 81 had a clinical pregnancy (31%). As expected, successful women were younger, and their ovarian reserve was more preserved. FPI and HADS scores did not differ. Conversely, a statistically significant difference emerged for the PSQI score, the median [interquartile range] in pregnant and non-pregnant women being 4 [3–5] and 5 [3–7], respectively (p = 0.004). The crude and adjusted OR of pregnancy in women with a PSQI > 5 (indicating impaired sleep quality) was 0.46 (95% CI 0.25–0.86, p = 0.02) and 0.50 (95% CI: 0.26–0.94, p = 0.03), respectively. In conclusion, low sleep quality is common in women scheduled for IVF and could influence the success of the procedure.
On the origin of multihole oxygen evolution in haematite photoanodes
Authors: Righi Giulia , Plescher Julius , Schmidt Franz-Philipp , Campen R. Kramer , Fabris Stefano , Knop-Gericke Axel , Schlögl Robert , Jones Travis E. , Teschner Detre , Piccinin Simone
Published: October 2022

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a crucial role in (photo)electrochemical devices that use renewable energy to produce synthetic fuels. Recent measurements on semiconducting oxides have found a power law dependence of the OER rate on surface hole density, suggesting a multihole mechanism. In this study, using transient photocurrent measurements, density functional theory simulations and microkinetic modelling, we have uncovered the origin of this behaviour in haematite. We show here that the OER rate has a third-order dependence on the surface hole density. We propose a mechanism wherein the reaction proceeds by accumulating oxidizing equivalents through a sequence of one-electron oxidations of surface hydroxy groups. The key O–O bond formation step occurs by the dissociative chemisorption of a hydroxide ion involving three oxyl sites. At variance with the case of metallic oxides, the activation energy of this step is weakly dependent on the surface hole coverage, leading to the observed power law.
Runup of landslide-generated tsunamis controlled by paleogeography and sea-level change
Authors: Sun Qiliang , Wang Qing , Shi Fengyan , Alves Tiago , Gao Shu , Xie Xinong , Wu Shiguo , Li Jiabiao
Published: October 2022

Pre-Holocene landslides and tsunami deposits are commonly observed on continental margins and oceanic islands. However, scarce evidence has thus far linked pre-historic submarine landslides to particular tsunami events. This work focuses on an 839 km3 submarine landslide that occurred in the South China Sea at 0.54 Ma. Bathymetric restorations show that the paleoshoreline at 0.54 Ma was 180–580 km to the south of its present-day location. In such a setting, the tsunami triggered by the landslide at 0.54 Ma was able to generate larger waves with shorter arrive times when compared to an equivalent landslide-generated tsunami under present-day conditions. This observation proves that tsunamis generated by submarine landslides during sea-level lowstands caused catastrophic damage to the South China Sea coast in the past, and so will do in future sea-level lowstands. This study stresses the importance of restoring paleoshorelines for detailed analysis of historic landslide-generated tsunamis.
Subsurface Characterization for Energy Applications
Authors: Knapp Jonathon , Larson Toti E. , Sivil J. Evan
Published: October 2022

X-ray fluorescence analysis and chemostratigraphy are fundamental tools used to characterize core, core plug, and drill cutting materials that are collected for oil and gas exploration. This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental methods required to conduct analyses and interpret X-ray fluorescence data and will familiarize the user with the development, application, and interpretation of pXRF methods, workflows, and research projects. The basic requirements necessary to clean and prepare core materials, the calibration techniques required to standardize datasets, and the multivariate statistical approaches that can be used to interpret collected datasets are discussed. These tools can be integrated into a robust workflow that will result in consistent elemental concentration datasets that can be interpreted by experienced geochemists looking to better characterize a rock unit of interest.
Sensors for the Food Industry: An Introduction
Authors: Cozzolino D.
Published: October 2022

A sensor is defined as a single or series of instruments that are founded on the utilization of chemical and/or physical principles such as electrochemistry, fluorescence, thermal, surface plasmon resonance, piezo, reflectometry, chemo- and bioluminescence, as well as optical sensors (e.g. visible and vibrational spectroscopy). More specifically, the term chemical sensor refers to or describes a small appliance that is capable of delivering instantaneous information about the chemicals (e.g. concentration) and other compounds present in either a food sample or food system throughout the different steps of the manufacturing, storage, process (e.g. on-line) and marketing of the food. This chapter presents a summary of the main characteristics of the most frequently used and novel sensors applied by the food industry to measure and monitor issues related to food contamination and spoilage, aroma and taste, among other applications.
Smart Food Sensing and IoT Technologies
Authors: Putra B. T. W. , Kuswandi B.
Published: October 2022

Smart food sensors with embedded microprocessors and wireless communication links have high potential to increase the speed in which food quality and safety are monitored, controlled, and maintained. Smart food sensing both off-package and on-package, and the application of the IoT (Internet of Things) have changed fundamentally the way that food is monitored and supply chain systems are managed. This chapter discusses smart food sensing and IoT application in the food sector so that producers can select which technology will benefit them most. Smart food sensing is used in the food sector to enhance functionality in terms of safety and shelf-life via technology. For instance, intelligent packaging can be used on an on-package sensor to monitor the food conditions, such as freshness or ripeness. In comparison, the IoT is applied to allow producers or consumers to interact with a food product through a sensor that can be accessed via a mobile device. Finally, the role of the IoT, including computer vision and deep learning, in the food industry is discussed.
Precautionary Measures for Developing Nanosensors for the Food Industry
Authors: Sanjay Sharda Sundaram
Published: October 2022

Nanotechnology has the potential to alter the food system and have a substantial impact on food science, as it could lead to advances in food texture, flavour, processability, and shelf-life sustainability. Due to their outstanding properties, nanoparticles are increasingly being employed to develop monitoring tools for detecting contamination, adulteration, and the freshness of food products also. Intelligent packaging makes use of barcodes, time–temperature indicators, gas indicators, and biosensors, etc., making sensing a crucial component of an intelligent packaging system. Despite its numerous advantages, the expanding use of nanotechnology in food technology has raised concerns about public safety, as well as ethical policies and regulatory issues. In fact, there is a scarcity of accurate knowledge on the potential safety risks linked with nanotechnology. Nanotechnology offers a great deal of potential for improving food products and opening up new avenues for food innovation at a breakneck rate, however it also raises concerns about safety and health. As a precaution, we must first analyse all of the advantages and disadvantages of modern technology while building nanosensors for the food business. To perform a comprehensive examination into preventive measures for producing nanosensors for the food business, we progress step by step, beginning with a quick introduction to sensors, nanosensors, and their uses in the food sector, followed by the outcomes of their exposure to human health, and then preventive measures.
Chemical synthesis of the EPF-family of plant cysteine-rich proteins and late-stage dye attachment by chemoselective amide-forming ligations
Authors: Kumarswamyreddy Nandarapu , Nakagawa Ayami , Endo Hitoshi , Shimotohno Akie , Torii Keiko U. , Bode Jeffrey W. , Oishi Shunsuke
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive synthesis and late-stage functionalization strategy of EPF derivatives allowed us to identify suitable fluorescent variants for bioimaging of the subcellar localization of EPFs.
In situ activation of COOH-functionalized ZIF-90-enabled reductive CO2N-formylation
Authors: Zhu Kaixun , Li Yuncong , Li Zhengyi , Liu Yixuan , Wu Hongguo , Li Hu
Published: October 2022

A heterogeneous COOH-functionalized ZIF-90 porous catalyst (ZIF-90-C) was prepared for enhanced CO2 adsorption/activation, and the in situ generated –COO− species can efficiently promote the N-formylation reaction.
A novel trigonal bipyramidal cage-based Zn(ii)-MOF featuring two types of trinuclear clusters with high gas sorption properties
Authors: Duan Hai-Yu , Li Xiu-Yuan , Zhang Chen-Xu , He Chaozheng
Published: October 2022

A unique trigonal bipyramidal cage-based Zn(ii)-MOF built from a linear trinuclear pin-wheel cluster and a triangular trinuclear cluster was prepared and shows a moderate gas adsorption amounts and high selectivities towards C2Hn/CH4and C2H2/CO2.
Planar pentacoordinate carbon in [XC7H2]2+(X = Be and Mg) and its derivatives
Authors: Sarkar Pratik , Thirumoorthy Krishnan , Anoop Anakuthil , Thimmakondu Venkatesan S.
Published: October 2022

Planar tetracoordinate carbon (ptC) and pentacoordinate carbon (ppC) with 20 valence electrons.
Non-sticky Li-alloy leaves for long-lasting secondary batteries
Authors: Zhang Can , Fan Huimin , Chen Xinlong , Xu Hui , Lou Jiatao , Li Yao , Huang Yunhui , Li Sa
Published: October 2022

By adding ∼1 at% Ag, the mechanical strength and surficial oxidation layer of Li metal is changed dramatically, which facilitates the preparation of ultrathin alloy leaf down to 1 μm.
Homogeneous cyanoethylation of cellulose with acrylonitrile in a CO2 switchable solvent
Authors: Mi Shu , Yao Zongze , Liu Fei , Li Yiguo , Wang Jinggang , Na Haining , Zhu Jin
Published: October 2022

Cyanoethyl cellulose is synthesized via homogeneous cyanoethylation of cellulose with acrylonitrile in a CO2 switchable solvent.
Enabling spectral barcoding of SERS nanotags using gold nanostars
Authors: Nguyen Nhung Thi Tuyet , Tavakkoli Yaraki Mohammad , Wang Yuling
Published: October 2022

Gold nanostars have shown the great potential in design of SERS nanotags for optical spectral barcoding technology.
Impact of mesoporous SiO2 support for Ni/polypyrrole nanocomposite particles on their capacitive performance
Authors: Ali M. Sagor , Rahman M. Mahabur , Hossain M. Kawsar , Minami Hideto , Rahman M. Mahbubor , Hoque S. Manjura , Alam M. Ashraful , Ahmad Hasan
Published: October 2022

The inclusion of mesoporous H2N-SiO2 support in H2N-SiO2/Ni/PPy nanocomposite particles improved their electrochemical performance, suitable for energy storage devices.
A DFT study on the isomerization mechanism of azobenzene derivatives on silicon substrates
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Yue Caiwei , Zhang Lin , Zhang Peihuan , Wang Luocong , Lei Ming , Pu Min
Published: October 2022

The cis–trans isomerization mechanism of azobenzenesulfonamide derivatives on silicon substrates was investigated using DFT. The most favorable cooperative mode of the N2 inversion of the L followed by the N1 inversion of the R was proposed.
Correction: β-1,3-Glucan synthesis, novel supramolecular self-assembly, characterization and application
Authors: Pylkkänen Robert , Mohammadi Pezhman , Liljeström Ville , Płaziński Wojciech , Beaune Grégory , Timonen Jaakko V. I. , Penttilä Merja
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘β-1,3-Glucan synthesis, novel supramolecular self-assembly, characterization and application’ by Robert Pylkkänen et al., Nanoscale, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR02731C.
Copper-catalyzed switchable cyclization of alkyne-tethered α-bromocarbonyls: selective access to quinolin-2-ones and quinoline-2,4-diones
Authors: Kang Qing-Qing , Wang Zi-Ying , Hu Sen-Jie , Luo Chun-Mei , Cai Xue-Er , Sun Yong-Bin , Li Ting , Wei Wen-Ting
Published: October 2022

Copper-catalyzed cyclization of alkynes has played a significant role in modern catalytic chemistry.
Trace-level detection of sulfonamide antibiotics using quaternary ammonium polymeric ionic liquid-based effervescence-enhanced dispersive solid-phase extraction followed by LC-DAD analysis in environmental waters
Authors: Ma Sai , Gao Ming , Ma Su , Wang Jun , Sun Yue , Wang Hanyu , Wang Huili , Wang Xuedong
Published: October 2022

An effervescent tablet-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction based on the utilization of quaternary ammonium poly ionic liquids (PIL) was proposed for the concentration/extraction of sulfonamides (SAs) in river and lake water samples.
3,4,3′-Tri-O-methylellagic acid as an anticancer agent:in vitroandin silicostudies
Authors: Wardana Andika Pramudya , Abdjan Muhammad Ikhlas , Aminah Nanik Siti , Fahmi Mochamad Zakki , Siswanto Imam , Kristanti Alfinda Novi , Saputra Mirza Ardella , Takaya Yoshiaki
Published: October 2022

We report a natural product compound isolated fromSyzygium polycephalumknown as 3,4,3′-tri-O-methylellagic acid (T-EA) as a candidate drug for cancer treatment usingin vitroandin silicoapproaches.
C–H activation and subsequent C–C bond formation in rigid alkenes catalyzed by Ru(iii) metallates
Authors: Dharani S. , Kalaiarasi G. , Lynch Vincent M. , Srinivasan K. , Prabhakaran R.
Published: October 2022

Pyrazolone derived Ru(iii) complexes were synthesized and applied as catalysts in the C–H activation reaction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. In addition to Heck type coupling, ethanol mediated ethoxylation was also witnessed.
Selective and stable tetraphosphite for Rh-catalyzed linear hydroaminomethylation of aliphatic and aromatic terminal olefins
Authors: Yan Xin , Zhang Runtong , Wang Jiang , Yu Hongyi , Wen Jialin , Bai Shao-Tao , Zhang Xumu
Published: October 2022

A highly selective and stable tetraphosphite ligand TBTP was reported for Rh-catalyzed linear selective hydroaminomethylation of both aliphatic and aromatic terminal olefins, giving up to 10 000 TON, 99.9% linear amines with isolated yields up to 98.2%.
Developing green chemistry educational principles by exploring the pedagogical content knowledge of secondary and pre-secondary school teachers
Authors: Nahlik Philip , Kempf Lauren , Giese Jayke , Kojak Elizabeth , Daubenmire Patrick L.
Published: October 2022

Green chemistry developed historically from twelve industrial principles for research chemists. Recently, interest has grown to begin introducing these principles in science classrooms even at the secondary and pre-secondary school levels. However, teachers must do significant work to adapt and translate green chemistry from the industrial or manufacturing perspective into one more appropriate to students at younger ages. This research project explores how a group of current teachers in the US and Canada have been developing their language and understanding of green chemistry through Beyond Benign's Lead Teacher Program. Transcripts from phone interviews with program participants are analyzed to propose a classroom-based definition of green chemistry and its justification as an approach at the secondary and pre-secondary school levels. This pedagogical understanding provides a foundation to solidify green chemistry as a standard practice in science education. Then classroom observations and case studies of four teachers are developed into a framework for green chemistry education at the K-12 level.
Engineering GO@Zn–Hap@CA porous heterostructure for ultra-fast and ultra-high adsorption efficacy: investigation towards the remediation of chromium and lead
Authors: Mahmud Monika , Hossain Md. Sahadat , Mobarak Mashrafi Bin , Quddus Md. Saiful , Bashar Muhammad Shahriar , Akhtar Umme Sarmeen , Jahan Shirin Akter , Islam Dipa , Ahmed Samina
Published: October 2022

A porous GO@Zn–Hap@CA adsorbent of high roughness offers ultra-high and rapid adsorption of Cr(vi) and Pb(ii) ions from aqueous environments.
Two‐timescale design for RIS‐aided full‐duplex MIMO systems with transceiver hardware impairments
Authors: Dai Jianxin , Zhu Feng , Pan Cunhua , Wang Jiangzhou
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)‐aided full‐duplex multi‐user massive multiple‐input multiple‐output system with transceiver hardware impairments (THWIs). Different from the existing works, the two‐timescale design scheme is considered. The phase shift at the RIS is designed only based on the statistical channel state information. Firstly, the closed‐form expression of the uplink and downlink achievable rate is derived. Then, the power scaling laws are revealed. Finally, the impact of THWIs on the system performance is analysed and genetic algorithm to maximize the achievable rate is used.
Autoencoder‐based deep learning for massive multiple‐input multiple‐output uplink under high‐power amplifier non‐linearities
Authors: Cherif Maha , Arfaoui Ahlem , Bouallegue Ridha
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the authors study the compensation of high‐power amplifier (HPA) non‐linear distortion in the multi‐user (MU) massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems and focus on uplink transmission, where the base station (BS) uses a large antenna array. First, the authors present a non‐linear distortion iterative cancellation (NDIC) algorithm‐based MMSE and approximate message passing (AMP) at the receiver level, in order to estimate and mitigate jointly a non‐linear distortion and the channel noise. Second, the authors propose a novel distortion cancellation technique based on deep learning. At this level, the authors first introduce a multilayer neural network, trained in the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm by eliminating HPA non‐linearities on the ‘Pre distortion’ transmitter and ‘Post distortion’ receiver side. Next, the authors developed a novel end‐to‐end (E2E) learning approach for the joint transmitter and non‐coherent receiver in the Rayleigh fading channel. The basic idea lies in the use of deep neural networks (DNNs), auto encoder (AE) for unknown channels, where DNNs are applied to perform several functions and modules existing in the transmission chain.

The simulation results demonstrate the strong potential of the proposed approach E2E in terms of improving the link quality and symbol error rate (SER) compared to other compensation techniques presented in this work.
Asynchronously finite‐time fault detection for switched systems with unstable modes and intermittent measurements
Authors: Haoyu Cheng , Ruijia Song , Zeshi Liu , Sining Li , Yangwang Fang , Wushan Jia
Published: October 2022

This study proposes a novel fault detection (FD) filter design approach for switched systems with unstable modes and intermittent measurement; the FD filter design approach considers asynchronous switching and ensures finite‐time stability (FTS). First, a model of switched systems with undesirable communication and unstable modes is established. The FD filter is developed using the observer technique, and the conditions of FTS and H∞ performance for the above systems are proposed and verified. The multiple discontinuous Lyapunov function (MDLF) method and the mode‐dependent average dwell time (DT) method are used to obtain the switching strategy, which includes fast and slow switching to address the stability of unstable and stable modes, respectively. Compared with conventional approaches, the proposed method can realize less conservative stability conditions and a more flexible design framework, providing an efficient approach for improving system performance. Finally, based on the determined FTS criteria and H∞ performance, the FD filter for switched systems is presented. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Innovative and automated method for vortex identification
Authors: Canivete Cuissa J. R. , Steiner O.
Published: October 2022

Context.As a universally accepted definition of a vortex has not yet been established, the community lacks an unambiguous and rigorous method for identifying vortices in fluid flows. Such a method would be useful for conducting robust statistical studies on vortices in highly dynamical and turbulent systems such as the solar atmosphere.

Aims.We aim to develop an innovative and robust automated methodology for the identification of vortices based on local and global characteristics of the flow, while avoiding the use of a threshold that could potentially prevent the detection of weak vortices in the process.

Methods.We present a new method that combines the rigor of mathematical criteria with the global perspective of morphological techniques. The core of the method consists of an estimation of the center of rotation for every point of the flow that presents some degree of curvature in its neighborhood. For this purpose, we employed the Rortex criterion and combined it with morphological considerations of the velocity field. We then identified coherent vortical structures based on clusters of estimated centers of rotation.

Results.We demonstrate that the Rortex is a more reliable criterion than the swirling strength and the vorticity for the extraction of physical information from vortical flows, because it measures the rigid-body rotational part of the flow alone and is not biased by the presence of pure or intrinsic shears. We show that the method performs well in the context of a simplistic test case composed of two Lamb-Oseen vortices. We combined the proposed method with a state-of-the-art clustering algorithm to build an automated vortex identification algorithm. The algorithm was applied to an artificial flow composed of multiple Lamb–Oseen vortices, with a random noisy background, and to the turbulent flow of a simulated magneto-hydrodynamical Orszag-Tang vortex test. The results demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of the method.

Conclusions.The present automated vortex identification method can be considered a new tool for the detection and study of vortices in dynamical and turbulent (magneto)hydrodynamical flows. By applying the implemented algorithm to numerical simulations and observational data, as well as comparing it to existing detection methods, we seek to successively improve the reliability of the detections and, ultimately, our knowledge on swirling motions in the solar, stellar, and planetary atmospheres.
PAIN2.0 – Präventiv gegen chronische Schmerzen
Authors: Schouten Leonie , Kaiser Ulrike , Gärtner Anne , Preißler Anke
Published: October 2022

Patient*innen vor einer Chronifizierung der Schmerzen bewahren: Hier führt das Projekt PAIN2.0 weiter, was als vom Innovationsfonds gefördertes Projekt PAIN2020 begonnen hatte. Erprobt wird nun eine innovative Versorgungsform, bei der vor allem interdisziplinäre und multimodale Inhalte im Vordergrund stehen: die ambulante interdisziplinäre multimodale Schmerztherapie (A-IMST) in der Gruppe.
Deep Brain Stimulation during Pregnancy and Delivery: Review of Current Literature
Authors: Baláž Marek , Búřil Jiří , Kunst Jonáš , Hrabovský Dušan , Hajda Šimon , Chrastina Jan
Published: October 2022

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established method in the treatment of not only Parkinson's disease motor complications but also dystonia and tremor, and there are data supporting the efficacy of DBS in epilepsy and some psychiatric problems. The alleviation of the neurologic problems may enable females of childbearing age to consider pregnancy because of being able to take care of their child. The aim of the study is to provide a review of the data available on the effect of DBS on the course of pregnancy and delivery in patients suffering from diseases amenable for DBS treatment (Parkinson's disease, dystonia, obsessive compulsive disorder, Tourette's syndrome, epilepsy). Although data available in the literature on pregnancy and childbirth in patients with an implanted active DBS system are limited to small case series and case reports, the number of younger patients implanted with DBS systems will potentially require more attention beyond specialized DBS centers. In emergency deliveries, general obstetricians and neurosurgeons should be provided with a protocol to prevent injuries to the implanted system with potentially devastating consequences for the patient.