Sergei Ivanovich SPASOKUKOTSKY - academician, Professor, chief surgeon of the Kremlin Medical and sanitary Department
(to the 150th of birthday)
Authors: Andreev Alexander Alexeevich , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich 
Published: February 2020

Sergei Ivanovich Spasokukotsky was born in Kostroma in 1870 in the family of a Zemstvo doctor. In 1879 he entered the Yaroslavl provincial gymnasium, in 1888 the medical faculty of Moscow University. Having received a doctor's degree, Sergey Ivanovich supervised the construction of the hospital on the Arkhangelsk railway, worked in the clinic of Professor L. L. Levshin in Moscow. In 1898, S. I. Spasokukotsky defended his thesis on" Bone grafting in amputation of limbs." In 1900. he makes a report on hernias at the I Congress of Russian surgeons, and 3 years later publishes his report on 600 performed hernias. In 1902, he presented a scientific study on "the gatekeeper's Obstruction and its surgical treatment". By the end of the 1900s, half of the stomach operations in Russia were performed by S. I. Spasokukotsky. In 1909-1911 he worked as the head of the surgical Department of Saratov city hospital, since 1912. Professor of the Department of topographic anatomy and operative surgery, then head of the Department of hospital surgical clinic of Saratov University. S. I. Spasokukotsky studied various aspects of the treatment of ulcers and stomach cancer, problems of acute appendicitis, liver surgery, biliary tract and postoperative complications, neurosurgery. He was the first to use fat swabs to fight bleeding in brain surgery (1913). In 1915, during the First world war, he worked as a consultant surgeon on the South-Western front. Invented a method of skin-bone flap, suggested puncture method of treatment of abscesses of the brain. In 1923 S. I. Spasokukotsky for the first time in the USSR made and highly estimated diagnostic value of encephalography; one of the first began to develop a problem of surgical treatment of brain tumors, made resection of a share of a lung, for the first time pointed to the actinomycotic nature of group of pulmonary suppuration. He demonstrated the advantages of thoracoplasty in his work "the Role of surgery in the treatment of purulent pulmonary diseases. Thoracoplasty" (1925). Since 1926 Sergey Ivanovich is the head of the faculty clinic and the Department of faculty surgery of the 2nd Moscow medical Institute. N. And. Pirogov (now Russian national research medical University named after N. And. Pirogov). He introduced a polyclinic reception, strict adherence to asepsis, visiting patients at certain hours, local anesthesia, developed a method of treating the surgeon's hands. Since 1927, S. I. Spasokukotsky chief surgeon of the Medical and sanitary Department of the Kremlin, head of the surgical sector of the Institute of blood transfusion in Moscow. His experience was summarized in the monograph "blood Transfusion in surgery" (1935). From 1935 to the end of his life S. I. Spasokukotsky was a member of the Board of the all-Union society of surgeons. He was a member of the editorial Board of a number of medical journals and from 1921 to 1932 was editor of the journal "New surgical archive". S. I. Spasokukotsky was awarded the Stalin prize of I degree (1942), the government cash prize of 30 thousand rubles and the ZIS car, orders of Lenin, the red banner of Labor and medals In 1942. Sergey Ivanovich was elected a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The scientific school of S. I. Spasokukotsky consists of 35 professors, 33 associate professors and candidate of medical Sciences. He published more than 143 scientific publications, including monographs. On November 17, 1943 Sergey Ivanovich died of liver cancer and was buried at Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow. His name is called surgery (herniation, gastric resection, amputation). The street was named after Spasokukotsky in Kostroma; in Moscow: faculty surgical clinic of the Russian national research medical University named after N. So. Pirogov and city hospital №50 (2015). In front of the main building of the City clinical hospital №1 on Leninsky Prospekt it has a monument-bust.