bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicoepidemiological Trends and Features of
Epidermophyton floccosum Infections in Korea:
Between Year 1998~2007 and 2008~2019
Authors: Park Kyung Duck , Lee Eun Hye , Lee Seon Hwa , Ha Nam Kyoung , Bang Yong Jun , Jun Jae Bok , Kim Jun Young , Jang Yong Hyun , Lee Seok-Jong , Lee Weon Ju
Published: October 2020

Background: The knowledge of the clinical features and changing epidemiology of dermatophytes helps in better managing them.

Objective: This study investigated the recent epidemiologic characters of Epidermophyton floccosum from January 2008 to December 2019 and attempted to compare these with previous studies.

Methods: The current study included 57 patients who visited our clinic and were diagnosed with E. floccosum infection through fungal culture between January 2008 and December 2019. Data on the date of visit, gender, age at onset, and site of infection were collected through a review of medical charts and were compared with previously reported studies.

Results: The frequency of isolation of E. floccosum decreased gradually, and the infections caused by E. floccosum were 33 cases of tinea cruris, 20 of tinea pedis, and 2 each of tinea corporis and tinea unguium. The male to female ratio was 10.4:1, and most infections occurred in the 10~29 year age group.

Conclusion: E. floccosum infections in Korea have been decreasing rapidly since 1987. However, the clinical features of E. floccosum infections remained unchanged even at a low incidence.
Study of fingerprint pattern among medical students
Authors: Kumar Binod , Sinha Rajiv Ranjan , Ratnesh Ruchi , Ashish Kumar , Lahoti Sonal
Published: October 2020

Dermatoglyphics/dactylography/dactyloscopy is the scientific study of epidermal ridge pattern on fingers, palm, and soles. The fingerprint is an impression of these friction skin ridges. It is used for personal identification, diseases condition, intelligence of individual and to solve disputed paternity.

To identify the distribution patterns of fingerprints amongst medical students.

A cross-sectional study was done amongst 200 students out of which 100 were males and 100 were females.

Finger prints were taken by using Ink Method by “Cummins and Midlo”. The four type and their subtypes were noted.

The most common pattern obtained was loop and least one was arch. The ulnar loops were more than radial loops in loops subtypes. Among whorl patterns, spiral whorl followed by circular whorl was noted. In composite patterns, twinned loops and lateral pocket loops were higher in percentage than accidental and central pocket loops. In arch patterns, plain arch was higher than tented arch.

In our study, Slighty different pattern was obtained as compared to worldwide.
Effect of internet addiction on psychomotor response and depression among adolescents
Authors: Thanalakshmi J , Praisy S , Sangeetha A , Kumar K Mahesh , Vijayalakshmi B
Published: October 2020

The study aims to establish a relationship between internet addiction and its effect on reaction time in adolescents and to correlate the results with psychological disorders like depression and anxiety. This cross sectional study was performed using validated questionnaires on Internet Addiction (IAT), Depression and Anxiety (KADS-11) and Human Benchmark Reaction Time test. One hundred students within the adolescent age group of 10-19 years old were selected randomly and were given the said questionnaires. The reaction time of the study population was calculated using the Human Benchmark Reaction Time test. Based on the IAT score, they were grouped into average internet user (n-50) and problematic internet user (n-50). Reaction time was significantly (P<0.04) higher in problematic internet user (534.2±52.83 msec) compared to the Average internet user (472.82±45.28 msec). KDS score also showed significantly (P<0.05) higher in Problematic internet users. Association between the IAT score with reaction time and KDS score showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.05). Internet addiction has a deleterious effect on reaction time and this in turn harms the day to day activities of adolescents and results in psychological disorders, like depression and anxiety in near future.
Yoga practicing medical and nursing students creating a ripple effect: An experience from a Government teaching institution
Authors: Surendran Athira , Devi M L Revathi , S N Manjunatha
Published: October 2020

Yoga is scientifically validated health promotion intervention developed thousands of years ago in India. It is helpful in improving attention, memory and learning efficacy of students along with reduced incidence of depression and anxiety. Introducing yoga in medical curriculum will not only improve the health of students, it will also make them advocates of the same for their patients in future.

1. To identify the students who are practicing yoga in medical and nursing college and assess the perceived benefits of yoga practice; 2. To use yoga practicing students to create a ripple effect in the institution for yoga awareness and practice; 3. To incorporate yoga module in the Competency Based Medical Education curriculum(CBME).

Interventional study among all medical and nursing students. Started with a pre tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics is used for analysis of data with Epi-Info7software.Yoga practicing students were motivated to influence the freshers to adopt yoga(Ripple effect).

Among 200 students 83 yoga practicing students were selected as study subjects. Among them 38% of them are practicing for more than 1 year and 25% of them for less than 1 month. 78% of students favorably perceived the health benefits of yoga. Sensitization program had influenced the students positively.

Students were aware of the importance of Yoga and all of them perceived some benefits by Yoga practice. Using yoga practicing student volunteers to create ripple effect is a novel method to spread awareness and practice.
A cadaveric study on variation in branching pattern of dorsalis pedis artery and its clinical perspectives
Authors: Vengadesan B , Balan V Vinu , Hermes R S
Published: October 2020

The study of Dorsalis pedis artery and variations in its branching pattern has been reported sporadically. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the arterial. Supply on the dorsum of the foot.

The study was carried out of forty dissected limbs of unknown sex and age from the department of Anatomy, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Pondicherry.

The incidence of classical text book description was found to be very less in present study. In 5% of cases the dorsalis pedis artery was replaced by the peroneal artery. In 5% of cases the anterior tibial artery was found on lateral side of leg, dorsalis pedis artery is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery seen passing above lateral malleolus and then it passes forwards along the lateral side of the dorsum of the foot.

The findings suggest that the lateral aspect of the dorsum of the foot has a poor nourishment.
Study of anatomical variations of mental foramen in dry adult human mandibles and its clinical importance in Karnataka population
Authors: Sylvia Sarita , Zainab Humaira , Ahmed Mohammed Khaleel
Published: October 2020

To provide anatomical information on the position, morphological variations and incidence of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen as they are important for dental surgeons, anaesthetists in nerve block and surgical procedures to avoid injury to the neurovascular bundle in the mental foramen area.

Present study was carried out using 120 dried adult human mandibles of unknown sex obtained from the Bone Bank of the Department of Anatomy. Campass asthesio meter was used to measure the shape, location and direction of opening of mental foramen on both sides of mandibles.

The results of our study about position shape and size were compared with that of other authors. In our study, the mean distance between the mental foramen and symphysis menti for right side was 23.21 mm±2.12 and for left side was 23.10 mm±2.41. The mean distance between mental foramen and posterior border of ramus of mandible for right side was 62.58 mm±4.23 and for left side was 63.84 mm±4.72. The mean distance between mental foramen and alveolar crest for right side was 15.23 mm±1.12 and for left side was 16.07 mm±1.01. The mean distance between the mental foramen and base of mandible for right side was 15.61 mm±1.03 and for left side was 15.98 mm±1.06.

The knowledge of the distances from surgically encountered anatomical landmarks in the present study provide valuable information to dental surgeons that will facilitate effective localization of the neurovascular bundle passing through mental foramen, thus avoiding complications from local anaesthetic, surgical and other invasive procedures. The study is also of forensic significance as the position of mental foramen also helps in determination of sex of an individual.
Atributos laborativos em Atividades Características do Turismo (ACT's): a serviço da hospitalidade produtiva
Authors: Martoni Rodrigo Meira
Published: October 2020

A pesquisa trata das interações socioprodutivas na dinamização dos espaços alcançados pelo turismo. O intuito central é demonstrar que há uma diversidade de questões somente indicadas nas formas aparentes desses espaços, sendo que, o ponto a ser observado e compreendido para se começar a empreender uma ultrapassagem rumo à realidade concreta-pensada deles, é justamente aquele concernente às interações e divisões estabelecidas entre os sujeitos ao levarem a cabo sua produção. Com o propósito de revelar a dinâmica real dos circuitos delimitados, paramentados e motivadores dos fluxos turísticos, inicialmente é realizada uma análise apontando os porquês de a hospitalidade, mediante o formato abstrato do trabalho, se constituir em uma relação efetivamente produtiva, sobretudo naquelas realidades caracterizadas por vantagens de localização. Em seguida, exemplificamos o trabalho produtivo no turismo, relatando, por um lado, a produção de serviços receptivos em territórios considerados como “modelos” e, por outro, certas configurações de ocupações nas chamadas Atividades Características do Turismo (ACTs) no Brasil, bem como alguns dos seus desdobramentos socioespaciais.
“Próxima parada, Nova Olinda/CE”: justiça distributiva no Turismo de Base Comunitária
Authors: Taumaturgo Ítalo Anderson , De Faria Pereira Rita De Cássia
Published: October 2020

Turismo Comunitário prioriza as vivências que traduzem o modo de vida em comunidade, sendo organizado a partir da autogestão dos recursos e repartição igualitária dos benefícios gerados. Utilizando como referência teorias sobre turismo e justiça distributiva no campo de marketing, esta pesquisa buscou entender como a estruturação do Turismo Comunitário contribuiu para a percepção de desenvolvimento de uma cidade e formação de um sistema mais justo para os moradores. O estudo foi realizado no município de Nova Olinda, Ceará, que abrange a experiência da Fundação Casa Grande, responsável pela criação e gestão do turismo local. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, com entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante. Os resultados apontam que um modelo que considera as partes interessadas, pautado em valores como a vivência em comunidade, a cooperação e o reconhecimento do espaço cultural, é capaz de alavancar o desenvolvimento socioeconômico local e estabelecer trocas justas. A discussão teórica e empírica da temática da justiça dentro do turismo e a análise de uma experiência de gestão que absorve os ideais de trocas justas são as principais contribuições deste estudo.
A mulher e o deslocamento turístico no mundo contemporâneo: uma contribuição teórico-metodológica aos estudos do turismo
Authors: Sales de Melo Giulia Praça Firmino , Moura Soeiro Ítalo César de
Published: October 2020

Tomando as viagens de mulheres na modalidade solo como objeto empírico, o presente artigo objetiva discutir a incompatibilidade da representação patriarcal da mulher com seu deslocamento livre. Para tanto, além de realizar uma revisão blibliográfica, partiu-se da análise de blogs de viagens, mais especificamente, de postagens de “dicas para mulheres que viajam sozinhas”. Isso, pois entendese que a busca por dica (breve conselho/informação privilegiada) demonstra uma  comunicação estratégica entre as mulheres para tentar reduzir as violências presentes no processo de deslocamento. Asssim, as dicas expressam a condensação de experiências individuais/coletivas e serve-nos como estruturas de redução fenomenológica intersubjetiva; serve-nos como material analítico capaz de aclarar um pouco mais essa relação conflituosa entre a representação patriarcal da mulher e o seu deslocamento. Ao final, conclui-se que o deslocamento da mulher é dificultado em múltiplas escalas, incluindo a dos deslocamentos turísticos; que o caráter simbólico e ideológico que marca sua representação numa sociedade patriarcal é onde reside a maior parcela dos obstáculos à liberdade.
Desdobramentos do Processo de Patrimonialização da Paisagem Carioca na Alimentação: o caso dos foods trucks
Authors: Oliveira Maria Amália Silva Alves de , Cunha Gabriela Elis da
Published: October 2020

A partir do processo de reconhecimento do bem “Rio de Janeiro: Paisagens Cariocas entre a Montanha e o Mar” enquanto patrimônio inserido na categoria Paisagem Cultural pela UNESCO, o presente trabalho objetiva descrever a inserção dos food trucks no contexto das práticas alimentares acionadas durante o período em que a cidade do Rio de Janeiro concentrou a recepção de vários eventos mundiais e assim, discutir sentidos e significados culturais atribuídos ao alimento e ao ato de alimentar-se em contexto de articulação entre patrimônio e turismo.
Editorial - Patrimônio e turismo: interfaces em debate
Authors: Botelho Eloise Silveira , Fraga Carla , Borges Vera Lúcia Bogéa , Deutsch Simone Feigelson
Published: October 2020

Editorial
L’orchestre : un milieu de convivence et d’éducation au sein des prisons
Authors: Pierre Lassus Marie-
Published: October 2020

L’objectif est de montrer comment l’orchestre peut être un lieu d’éducation capable de redonner confiance et estime de soi aux personnes détenues et améliorer le vivre-ensemble dans les prisons. L’étude s’appuie sur la méthodologie de la recherche-action (qualitative-quantitative) et de la recherche-création pour montrer que les valeurs apprises dans l’orchestre (écoute, responsabilité, discipline, solidarité, convivence) sont applicables au quotidien et peuvent engager des processus de transformation en faisant découvrir à chacun des possibilités inédites qui facilitent la réinsertion dans la vie sociale. Dans le contexte des prisons françaises, caractérisées aujourd’hui par une surpopulation croissante générant conflits et violence, ou celui des prisons vénézuéliennes où ces problèmes sont récurrents, la création d’orchestres est un projet politique, visant à instaurer un espace commun et personnel où peuvent interagir les personnes détenues vouées en ces lieux à la séparation et à la fragmentation des espaces et du temps. En conclusion, l’éducation ne peut avoir lieu sans la création d’un milieu convivial (au sens donné par le mouvement international convivialiste) où s’affirment les principes d’individuation et d’opposition créatrice qui sont au fondement de toute véritable démocratie comme de l’orchestre conçu comme une micro-société.
Experience and identities in re-construction
Authors: Sarmento Teresa , Martins Rosana Maria , Albuquerque Rocha Simone , Leal da Costa Conceição
Published: October 2020

The objective of the current research seeks at understanding how affects the knowledge re-construction, the professional action and the reconstitution of the teaching identity, the changes that have taken place in the last decades, the educational policies, the legislation, institutional changes, agreements, and the personal and professional experiences of each teacher. Originality: among the four dimensions that the project addresses (teaching development, experience, interactions and inclusion into organizations), we selected the approach of experience, focusing on the joint of knowledge of practice and professional identity. The method: The narrative research has researchers from the universities of Minho-Pt, Évora-Pt and UFR / UFMT / Br. As strategy, we opted to constitute the research corpus with narratives from three teachers of children. One from Brazil and two from Portugal, with 20 to 30 years of teaching practice. The question is, what are the most significant learnings identified by teachers? How is experience constituted as professional development? What experiences with children do teachers report as the most significant? To conclude, research shows that interactions with children, professional peers, and communities are the main pillar for the (re) construction of professional identities.
Oryantalizmden Anlamaya: İngilizce Literatürde Mecelle Algısı
Authors: ERDEM Sami
Published: October 2020

Mecelle, yayınlanmasından kısa süre sonra farklı dillere çevrilmiş,

hakkında çeşitli dillerde şerhler yazılmıştır. İngilizce

olarak Mecelle hakkında tanıtıcı bilgi ve değerlendirmeler

içeren ilk metinler, XIX. yüzyıl sonlarından itibaren, bu kanunun

uygulandığı Kıbrıs’taki mahkemelerde görev yapan

İngiliz kökenli hukukçular tarafından kaleme alınmıştır.

Avrupa-merkezci sömürgeci hukuk bakışının dar ve taraflı

yaklaşımının baskın olduğu bu metinlerde Mecelle, bir kanun

ve hukuk eseri olmaktan çok Osmanlı devleti tarafından

ortaya konmuş, fıkha dayalı yerel ve eskinin devamı niteliğinde

bir hukuki derleme olarak değerlendirilmiş, ileri ve

üstün özelliklere sahip olduğu düşünülen Avrupa hukukları

karşısında dini yönü de olan modası geçmiş bir hukuk

anlayışının ürünü sayılmıştır. XX. yüzyılın ortalarına kadar

İngilizce literatürde bu sınırlı değerlendirmelerin baskın

olmasına karşılık, II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında çok çeşitli

siyasi ve dönemsel gelişmelerin etkisiyle Ortadoğu’ya artan

ilgi ve Türkçede Mecelle üzerine oluşmaya başlayan yeni

literatürün de etkisiyle Mecelle ve onunla bağlantılı konu ların daha geniş ve objektif yaklaşımlara konu olmaya başladığı

görülmektedir. Bu makalede, XIX. yüzyılın sonları ve

XX. yüzyılın başlarında İngiliz kökenli hukukçuların kaleme

aldığı ve literatürde yeterince yer almamış olan bazı yazılar

ile The Encyclopaedia of Islam’ın ilk edisyonundaki ilgili

maddede ortaya konan Mecelle tasvirleri incelenerek sonraki

literatüre muhtemel etkileri üzerinde durulmaktadır.

Ayrıca sömürgeci anlayışın Mecelle ile ilgili ortaya koyduğu

tanımlamaların daha sonra gelişen literatür içinde hukuka

ve tarihe yönelik yaklaşımları bakımından hangi noktalarda

farklılaştığı, söz konusu ansiklopedinin ikinci versiyonunda

(1990) yayınlanan Mecelle maddesinin muhtevası merkeze

alınarak değerlendirilmektedir.
Translations as Ego-Documents: Notes of Two Ottoman Physicians in the Turkish Translation of Ibn Baytar’s Kit b Al-Mughn
Authors: ÇALIŞIR M. Fatih
Published: October 2020

This article examines the lives and ideas of two seventeenthcentury

Ottoman physicians, Muhammed b. Ahmed of Edirne

and his disciple İbrahim b. Hüseyin Çavuş, as reflected in

their notes in the Turkish translation of Ibn Baytar’s Kitab

al-Mughni. In these notes, Muhammed b. Ahmed emerges

as a Kadızadeli-minded Turkish physician, translator, and

a “world traveler” who claimed to have traveled the world

for “forty to fifty years.” In contrast, his disciple İbrahim b.

Hüseyin Çavuş appears as a religiously moderate Ottoman

officer who had a passion for medicine. These notes disclose

new interpretive possibilities for early modern Ottoman

cultural and medical history and help researchers explore

untold stories of several individuals and groups. They reveal

details that are often difficult to find in conventional sources

and constitute hitherto neglected personal narratives or

ego-documents. They also contain new insights into some

of the critical events in the period, including the Kadızadeli

movement and the 1672 Kamaniçe campaign. Ultimately,

these notes remind us of the need in Ottoman studies to

scrutinize translations under a new light.
Walter Benjamin’in Tarih Fikrinden Bir Devrim Doğurmak: Latin Amerika Örneği
Authors: OKUYAN Hümeyra
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, Walter Benjamin’in ilerlemeci tarih anlayışı

karşısında inşa ettiği tarih fikrini ve bu fikrin, arz ettiği benzerlikler

ve paralellikler bakımından Latin Amerika devrimlerinin

ortaya çıkışındaki yansımalarını ele alacaktır. Bu

anlamda politik eylemin imkanı olarak Benjamin’in tarih

kavrayışı değerlendirilecektir. Hegel’in ilerlemeci tarih fikri,

tarihi tinin ussal bilincinin ve bu bilincin meydana getirdiği

özgürlüğün gelişmesi olarak ele alır. Benjamin’e göre ise

ilerlemeci tarih fikrinde ortaya çıkan resmi tarihyazımı lineer,

profan ve homojendir; yani geçmişi cisimleştirerek onu

galip gelenlere hasreder. Buna karşın Benjamin, tarihi bir

inşa faaliyetinin nesnesi olarak ele alır ve tarihsel maddeciliği

ön plana çıkartır. Benjamin’in tarih kavrayışının öznesi

tarihsel maddeci; aracı mesiyanizm/teoloji; zamanı ise ‘şimdinin

zamanı’dır. Benjamin, toplumsal hafızanın tarihle bağ

kurduğu, tarihin galip gelenlerin değil; ezilenlerin gözü ile

okunduğu, geçmiş nostaljisini şimdiki zamanın eleştirisi için

bir yöntem olarak kullanan ve bir kurtuluş/devrim vadeden

bir tarih anlayışı ortaya koyar. Teoloji ve tarihin diyalektik

okunması sonucu ortaya çıkabilecek ve Benjamin’in ‘imdat

freni’ olarak adlandırdığı devrim imkanı, tarihsel bir gerçeklik

olarak 1940’larda tabandan bütüne doğru yayılarak başlayan

Latin Amerika devrimlerinde ortaya çıkar. Devrimlerin

hemen öncesinde devrimci Marksizm, tarihsel maddecilik

ve kurtuluş teolojisini birbirine eklemleyen metinlerin artışı,

teolojik-marksist diyalektikten etkilenerek devrimci hareketi

destekleyen Latin Amerika’daki kilise ve cemaatlerin çoğalması

bu benzerliğin en büyük göstergelerindendir.
Effect of Arka microbial consortium on growth and germination percentage of French bean and Amaranthus seeds
Authors: Pillai Priyadarshini , Punitha M. , Ranjitha S. , Ragavi R. , Roopa G. , Ramla Ramla , Sahana K. J.
Published: October 2020

Composting is an alternative for recycling biodegradable organic waste, transforming it into organic fertilizer that can be used as agricultural nutrients, avoiding its disposal in landfills. This study evaluated the composting of Jyoti Nivas college hostel kitchen waste using Arka Microbial Consortium, with a view to its applications on Germination percentage, Seed Vigour Index and plant growth parameters of French bean (Arka arjun) and Amaranthus (Arka arunima) seeds. Arka microbial consortium (AMC) is carrier based product which contain nitrogen fixing, potassium and zinc solubilizing plant growth promoting microbes used as decomposers. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design, with two treatments and three replicates. Assessments of plant growth parameters were performed and results suggest that using Arka Microbial Consortium with bio compost is suitable for better production French bean (Arka arjun) and Amaranthus (Arka arunima) seeds that may increase soil fertility and this integrated approach could be contributed to improve crop production.
A new species of Cycas L. (Cycadaceae) from India
Authors: Agrawal Praveen K. , Akhtar M. , Srivastava R. C.
Published: October 2020

A new species of Cycas viz. Cycas bglswamyii Praveen et al., endemic to Bellur locality in Hassan District of the erstwhile Mysore State (now Karnataka State), is reported through this communication. The species seems to be restricted to Bellur area of Hasan district in Karnataka State of India which was under Mysore state of British India.
İktisadi Büyüme ve Yolsuzluk İlişkisi: Türkiye için Ampirik Bir İnceleme
Authors: ERDOĞAN Sinan
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı iktisadi büyüme-yolsuzluk ilişkisini Türkiye’de 1995-2018 dönemi için sınır testi yaklaşımıyla araştırmaktır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular şöyle sıralanabilir; (a) açıklayıcı değişkenlerin durağanlık özellikleri I(1) ve I(0) olmak üzere karışıktır, (b) sınır testi sonuçlarına göre kişi başı yatırımlar, kişi başı hane halkı tüketim harcamaları ve ticari açıklık iktisadi büyümeyi pozitif etkilemektedir, (c) diğer taraftan yolsuzluk, enflasyon ve iktisadi büyüme arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki yoktur. Bu bağlamda Türkiye ekonomisinde yolsuzluk iktisadi büyüme sürecini etkilememekle beraber ne “tekerdeki kum” nede “tekerdeki yağ”’dır.
The Effect of Gastronomy Brand Value Components on Travel Intention: A Case of a Route
Authors: OĞUZ Sibel , HASEKİ Murat İsmet , BUZCU Zafer
Published: October 2020

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of brand image, perceived quality, brand awareness and brand loyalty components on the travel intention which constitutes gastronomic brand value. Within the scope of the research, questionnaires were applied to local tourists in Adana, Mersin and Hatay, who stand out with their culinary culture and gastronomy resources. According to correlation analysis, the brand size that has the strongest relationship with travel intention was brand loyalty for Adana province (.738), brand awareness size for Mersin (.666) and brand loyalty size for Hatay (.757). Brand loyalty, brand awareness and brand image dimensions have a positive effect on travel intention for Adana and Mersin provinces. For the province of Hatay, it was determined that only the brand loyalty dimension had a positive effect on travel intention.
COVID-19 Pneumonia in Patients with Chronic Myocarditis (HBV-Associated with InfarctLike Debute): Specifics of the Diseases Course, the Role of the Basic Therapy (Part II)
Authors: Blagova O. V. , Varionchik N. V. , Beraia M. M. , Zaidenov V. A. , Kogan E. A. , Sarkisova N. D. , Nedostup A. V.
Published: October 2020

Chronic infectious-immune myocarditis of severe course can potentially be considered as a factor that aggravates the course of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. The interaction of chronic myocarditis and COVID-19 during long-term immunosuppressive therapy has not been studied. We present a description of a 35-year-old female patient with chronic infectious-immune myocarditis (morphologically confirmed, with a history of infarction-like onset and thromboembolic complications), who had continuous immunosuppressive therapy with methylprednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. The patient also received new oral anticoagulants and tenofovir (for chronic HBV infection). COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2 RNA+) was diagnosed in May 2020. Risk factors for the adverse course of coronavirus infection included severe obesity, heart failure, and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Correction of immunosuppressive therapy (withdrawal of the cytostatic agent, administration of hydroxychloroquine) and therapy with levofloxacin, an interleukin-17 inhibitor (netakimab) were performed. The severity of pneumonia and respiratory failure was moderate despite high fever and high levels of inflammatory markers in the blood (including interleukin-6). Signs of exacerbation of myocarditis, increased levels of troponin T and anticardial antibodies (compared with the initial ones) were not found. It can be assumed that supportive immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis has a positive effect on the course of coronavirus pneumonia and avoids exacerbation of myocarditis. Careful continuation of immunosuppressive therapy with temporary withdrawal of aggressive cytostatics can be recommended in chronic myocarditis. Further study of the features of the course of previous myocarditis and COVID-19 pneumonia is necessary.
Problematika Pembelajaran At-Taraakiib Di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam (Studi Kasus Pada Pembelajaran Al-Kitabah I Mahasiswa PBA Stain Kudus)
Authors: Munajat Fuad
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk 1) mendeskripsikan pembelajaran menulis bahasa Arab di Prodi PBA STAIN Kudus, 2) mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk Taraakiib yang menjadi kendala utama dalam pembelajaran kitabah di Prodi PBA STAIN Kudus, 3) mengidentifikasi hambatan mahasiswa  dalam pembelajaran kitabah di Prodi PBA STAIN  Kudus.  Metode  penelitian  yang digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah metode  kualitatif dengan  human  instrument sebagai instrumen utama.  Dalam pelaksanaannya, peneliti juga menggunakan  instrumen bantu  seperti pedoman wawancara, pedoman observasi, dokumentasi, dan ceklis kesalahan tulis mahasiswa.Hasil  yang ditemukan  dalam  penelitian  ini  antara  lain  1) Realitas pembelajaran menulis Arab telah sesuai dengan tahapan  pembelajaran yakni pra menulis, penulisan, dan pasca penulisan, 2) Peta bentuk-bentuk  Taraakiib yang menjadi kendala utama  secara  berurutan  adalah tarkiib washfi 23,3 %, tarkiib idlafiy 20 %, tarkiib isnaadiy 16,7 %, dan tarkiib ‘adadiy 13,3 %, adapun sisanya sebesar  26,7 % adalah  kendala  dalam  diksi  yang memuat  beberapa  kategori morfologi. 3) Hambatan  yang dihadapi mahasiswa dalam belajar kitabah dapat berupa hambatan psikologis, hambatan pedagogis, dan hambatan linguistis.
Host phylogeny matters: examining sources of variation in infection risk by blood parasites across a tropical montane bird community in India
Authors: Gupta Pooja , Vishnudas C.K. , Robin V.V. , Dharmarajan Guha
Published: October 2020

Background: Identifying patterns and drivers of infection risk among host communities is crucial to elucidate disease dynamics and predict infectious disease risk in wildlife populations. Blood parasites of the genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus are a diverse group of vector-borne protozoan parasites that affect bird populations globally. Despite their widespread distribution and exceptional diversity, factors underlying haemosporidian infection risk in wild bird communities remain poorly understood. While some studies have examined variation in avian haemosporidian risk, researchers have primarily focused on host ecological traits without considering host phylogenetic relationships. In this study, we employ a phylogenetically informed approach to examine the association between host ecological traits and haemosporidian infection risk in endemic bird communities in the Western Ghats Sky Islands.Methods: We used parasite sequence data based on partial mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, that was amplified from genomic DNA extracted from 1177 birds (28 species) across the Western Ghats to assess infection of birds with haemosporidian parasites. We employed a Bayesian phylogenetic mixed effect modelling approach to test whether haemosporidian infection risk was affected by seven species-specific and four individual-level ecological predictors. We also examined the effect of host phylogenetic relationships on the observed patterns of variation in haemosporidian infection risk by estimating phylogenetic signal.Results: Our study shows that host ecological traits and host phylogeny differentially influence infection risk by Plasmodium (generalist parasite) and Haemoproteus (specialist parasite). For Plasmodium, we found that sociality, sexual dimorphism and foraging strata were important ecological predictors. For Haemoproteus, patterns of infection risk among host species were associated with sociality, species elevation and individual body condition. Interestingly, variance in infection risk explained by host phylogeny was higher for Haemoproteus parasites compared to Plasmodium. Conclusions: Our study highlights that while host ecological traits promoting parasite exposure and host susceptibility are important determinants of infection risk, host phylogeny also contributes substantially to predicting patterns of haemosporidian infection risk in multi-host communities. Importantly, infection risk is driven by joint contributions of host ecology and host phylogeny and studying these effects together could increase our ability to better understand the drivers of infection risk and predict future disease threats.
The impact of the fipronil crisis on the financial performance of Dutch laying hen farms
Authors: Sok Jaap , Horne Peter van , Meuwissen Miranda
Published: October 2020

Background: Illegal use of fipronil as an insecticide in 2017 has caused substantial damage to Dutch laying hen farms. We assessed how the fipronil crisis has affected the financial performance of affected farms as well as unaffected farms. While affected farms faced culling their flocks and lost revenue, unaffected farms benefitted from temporary high egg prices.Methods: A three-step normative modelling approach is taken using financial statements and a partial budget. The estimations are for a 50 000 laying hen farm facing the fipronil crisis for five months. First, a baseline is created by generating an income statement of this laying hen farm representing a ‘normal year’. Second, incremental costs and revenue as a result of the fipronil crisis are estimated. Third, the baseline income statement is updated with the outcomes of the partial budget. This result in two additional income statements that report the net operating result of this farm being unaffected and affected by the fipronil crisis. Results: While in a normal year this average-sized farm has a net operating result of around 18k euro, profitability was estimated to be -369k euro and +169k euro for the affected and unaffected farm due to the crisis respectively. For affected farms, impacts were especially high as there was no government compensation or insurance. Conclusions: As Dutch farms typically operate as independent family farms, there was also no compensation from other chain actors. The affected farms therefore likely have faced financial distress and have had to increase debt or use their financial reserves for household consumption and restarting the business. Outcomes contribute to discussions around liability claims and cost-benefit assessments of measures to improve chain food safety and rapid alert systems.
Investigating the Feasibility of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to facilitate Post-Stroke Overground Gait Performance in Chronic Stroke: a partial least-squares regression approach
Authors: Solanki Dhaval , Rezaee Zeynab , Dutta Anirban , Lahiri Uttama
Published: October 2020

Background: Cerebellar transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (ctDCS) has been shown to be promising as an adjuvant treatment to facilitate post-stroke gait rehabilitation; however, investigation of lobule-specific electric field effects on overground gait performance has not been performed.
Methods: Ten chronic post-stroke male subjects participated in this repeated-measure single-blind crossover study, where we evaluated the single-session effects of two bilateral ctDCS montages that applied 2mA via 3.14cm 2 disc electrodes for 15 minutes targeting a) dentate nuclei (also, anterior and posterior lobes), and b) lower-limb representations (lobules VIIb-IX). A two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed at 5% significance level on the percent normalized change measures in the overground gait performance. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was performed on the quantitative gait parameters as response variables to the mean lobular electric field strength as the predictors. Clinical assessments were performed with the Ten-Meter walk test (TMWT), Timed Up & Go (TUG), and the Berg Balance Scale based on minimal clinically important differences (MCID).
Results: The ctDCS montage specific effect was found significant using a two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test at a 5% significance level for 'Step Time Affected Leg' (p=0.0257) and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg' (p=0.0376). The changes in the quantitative gait parameters were found to be correlated to the mean electric field strength in the lobules based on PLSR analysis ( R 2 statistic = 0.6574). Here, the mean electric field strength at the cerebellar lobules, Vermis VIIIb, Ipsi-lesional IX, Vermis IX, Ipsi-lesional X, had the most loading, and were positively related to the 'Step Time Affected Leg' and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg,' and negatively related to the '%Swing Time Unaffected Leg,' '%Single Support Time Affected Leg.' Clinical assessments found similar improvement in the TMWT (MCID: 0.10m/sec), TUG (MCID: 8sec), and BBS score (MCID: 12.5 points) for both the ctDCS montages.
Conclusion: Our feasibility study found an association between the lobular mean electric field strength and the changes in the quantitative gait parameters following a single ctDCS session in chronic stroke. Both the ctDCS montages improved the clinical outcome measures that should be investigated with a larger sample size for clinical validation.
Secretory phospholipase A2-X (Pla2g10) is a novel progesterone receptor target gene exclusively induced in uterine luminal epithelium for uterine receptivity in mice
Authors: Park Hee Kyoung , Park So Hee , Lee Miji , Kim Gyeong Ryeong , Park Mira , Yang Seung Chel , Kim Yeon Sun , Lim Hyunjung Jade , Kim Hye-Ryun , Song Haengseok
Published: October 2020

Background: Aberration of estrogen (E2) and/or progesterone (P4) signaling pathways affects expression of their target genes, which may lead to failure of embryo implantation and following pregnancy. Although many target genes of progesterone receptors (PRs) have been identified in uterine stroma, only a few PR targets have been reported in the epithelium. Secretory phospholipase A2-(PLA2)-X, a member of the PLA2 family that releases arachidonic acids for the synthesis of prostaglandins that are important for embryo implantation, is dysregulated in the endometrium of patients suffering from repeated implantation failure. However, it is not clear whether sPLA2-X is directly regulated by ovarian steroid hormones for embryo implantation in the uterus.Result: P4 induced the Pla2g10 encoding of secretory PLA2-X in the apical region of uterine LE of ovariectomized mice via PR in both time- and dose-dependent manners, whereas E2 significantly inhibited it. This finding is consistent with the higher expression of Pla2g10 at the diestrus stage, when P4 is elevated during the estrous cycle, and at P4-treated delayed implantation. The level of Pla2g10 on day 4 of pregnancy (Day 4) was dramatically decreased on Day 5, when PRs are absent in the LE. Luciferase assays of mutagenesis in uterine epithelial cells demonstrated that four putative PR response elements in a Pla2g10 promoter region are transcriptionally active for Pla2g10. Intrauterine delivery of small interfering RNA for Pla2g10 on Day 3 significantly reduced the number of implantation sites, reinforcing the critical function(s) of Pla2g10 for uterine receptivity in mice.Conclusions: Pla2g10 is a novel PR target gene whose expression is exclusively localized in the apical region of the uterine LE for uterine receptivity for embryo implantation in mice.
The burden of the current curative expenditure of injury in Dalian, China-A study based on “System of Health Accounts 2011” 
Authors: Sun Shu , Yang Liuna , Hu Xinzhu , Zhu Yalan , Liu Boxi , Yang Yunbin , Wang Xin
Published: October 2020

Background: Injury is one of the major public health problems, which causes more than 5 million deaths in the world every year. Cases of specific types of injury put a great threat to human health and also add a heavy medical burden on individuals and societies. This study is aimed at assessing the financial burden of injury on patients. Methods: A total of 565 medical institutions were selected with multistage stratified cluster random sampling, containing 152553 valid samples. Subsequently, the distribution of injury current curative expenditure (CCE) in different dimensions (including age and site of injury) was analyzed under the framework of System of Health Accounts 2011(SHA 2011) using the established database. Results: In China, from 2006 to 2016, both urban and rural injury mortality rates showed an upward trend of more than 5 percentage points. In Dalian, the CCE of injury had reached 1572.73 million RMB, accounting for 7.45% of the total curative care expenditure. In the 15-24 age group, the cost of injury accounts for a larger proportion of CCE than other age groups. Among the injuries in different regions of the body, injuries to the spine, lower limb, head and foreign body entering cost the most.Conclusions: Dalian has a relatively serious burden of injury costs. The essential and primary goal is to reduce the cost. Young people in daily life and work should pay attention to protect their head and limbs from injury, the corresponding units should also do a good job in prevention.
Endochin-like quinolone-300 and ELQ-316 inhibit Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, B. caballi and Theileria equi
Authors: Silva Marta G. , Bastos Reginaldo G. , Doggett J. Stone , Riscoe Michael K. , Pou Sovitj , Winter Rolf , Dodean Rozalia A. , Nilsen Aaron , Suarez Carlos E.
Published: October 2020

Background: The most common apicomplexan parasites causing bovine babesiosis are Babesia bovis and B. bigemina, while B. caballi and Theileria equi are responsible for equine piroplasmosis. Treatment and control of these diseases are usually achieved using potentially toxic chemotherapeutics, such as imidocarb diproprionate, but drug-resistant parasites are emerging, and alternative effective and safer drugs are needed. Endochin-like quinolones (ELQ)-300 and ELQ-316 proved safe and efficacious against related apicomplexans, such as Plasmodium spp., and ELQ-316 was also effective against B. microti, without showing toxicity in mammals.Methods: Inhibitory effects of ELQ-300 and ELQ-316 were assessed on the growth of cultured B. bovis, B. bigemina, B. caballi and T. equi. Percentage of parasitized erythrocytes was measured by flow cytometry. Effect of the ELQ drugs on the viability of horse and bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was assessed by monitoring cell metabolic activity using a colorimetric assay.Results: We calculated IC50 ranging from 0.04 to 0.37 nM for ELQ-300, and from 0.002 to 0.1 nM for ELQ-316 at 72 h among all cultured parasites tested. None of the parasites tested were able to replicate in cultures in the presence of the ELQ-300 and ELQ-316 at IC100, which range from 1.3 to 5.7 nM for ELQ-300 and from 1.0 to 6.0 nM for ELQ-316 at 72 h. Neither ELQ-300 nor ELQ-316 altered the viability of equine and bovine PBMC at their IC100 in in vitro testing. Conclusions: ELQ-300 and ELQ-316 showed significant inhibitory activity on the main parasites responsible for bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis at doses that are tolerable to host cells. These ELQ drugs may be viable candidates for developing alternative protocols for the treatment of bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis.
EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMIES: VALIDATING THE ROLE OF SPINAL ANESTHESIA IN HIGH RISK CASES. A RETROSPECTIVE, FACILITY BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN SRINAGAR, GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND
Authors:   Professor and Head Department of Surgery VCSG Govt. MS&RI Srinagar-Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174., Singh Biant , Kour Manpreet ,   Trainee Observer VCSG Govt. MS&RI Srinagar-Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174., Pradhan Shwetabh ,   Assistant Professor Department of Surgery VCSG Govt. MS&RI Srinagar-Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174., Singh Surinder ,   Professor and Head Department of Anesthesia, VCSG Govt. MS&RI Srinagar-Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Perforation peritonitis is very rampant in hilly areas of Garhwal due to excessive consumption of alcohol, smoking and stresses of life due to difficult terrain and working conditions. Most of the patients with co-morbities like COPD have higher pulmonary related complications following surgery under G.A. It is a challenge and concern for surgeons and anesthetists to manage and provide optimal care to these patients. The study validates the role of spinal anesthesia in such cases. Materials And Method: We reviewed all cases of emergency laparotomies done between Jan 2019 and June 2020. Ninety cases were given spinal anesthesia as sole anesthetic agent out of which sixty cases were ASA IV and thirty cases were ASA III. Outcome in all cases was analyzed and recorded. Results: All cases were adequately operated and outcome was successful in all accept three cases which required G.A due to prolonged surgeries. None needed mechanical ventilatory support post operatively. Mean hospital stay was seven days and there was no report of major renal or respiratory complications. Conclusion: Spinal anesthesis is a safe option and alternate to G.A in high risk emergency laparotomies minimizing the requirement of ventilatory support in rural tertiary care hospitals were critical care facilities are compromised.
SERVICE SECTOR: MYRIAD FACADES
Authors:   P.G Deptt of Commerce ,TMBU, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India., Shah Priyanka
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we discuss the Services Sector of the economy, can be broadly grouped into three broad segments namely, the public sector, private corporate sector and the household sector. The first two are generally referred to as the organized part of the economy, as the accounts of all the business transactions of these sectors are recorded in specified documents and are made available as public documents at regular intervals. The remaining part of the economy, that is the household or unorganized sector, constitutes all unincorporated enterprises including all kinds of proprietorship and partnerships run by the individuals.
HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI) CAN HELP TACKLE COVID-19 - AN ANALYSIS
Authors:   Associate Consultant, Bristlecone, Mumbai, India., Patil Amey , Patel Aakash ,   System Engineer, Infosys, Mysore, India.
Published: October 2020

The unanticipated outburst of the Covid-19 since the month of December 2019 has put the world in the face of unforeseeable challenges when it comes to operating industries, whole business ecosystems and minimizing the loss of human life in fighting the battle against this virus. In times like these, where existing and traditional methods of operations cease to function, damage control solutions by using new technologies are being currently tested and implemented to minimize the loss of life and economic complexities. This article discusses various solutions that AI as an upcoming branch of technology can offer in various sectors to curb the spread of virus and reduce the risk of transmission of the Covid-19 virus.