bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the Optimal Fire Station Locations in Baghdad Al-Rusafa Using GIS Models and Data
Authors: AL-Aarajy Khalid H. Abbas , Albakry Sundus A. Abdullah
Published: November 2024

The study of sitology has a long historical background and has recently attracted the attention of many researchers. One of its most important branches is the location of fire stations, which are of great importance in major cities. One of the most important features of an appropriate location is increasing coverage and reducing access time. In this research, geographic information systems were used to choose the most appropriate sites on the Al-Rasafa side in the city of Baghdad/Iraq to facilitate access to the scene of the accident as soon as possible from the fire stations and through the use of the geographical database of the city of Baghdad. GIS analysis was used to build the mathematical model that was adopted based on a number of criteria, including land use, distance to commercial malls, government and educational institutions, hospitals, and distance from existing fire stations. A weight was given to each of these criteria using the Overlay Weighted tool from spatial analysis in geographic information systems to determine the most appropriate areas. Then the road network was added to the criteria used, and then the selection was made on the areas close to the main roads, so the search results were to determine the best sites in Al-Karrada, Al-Sadr City, and Al-Adhamiya.
Comprehensive Analysis of Pair Galaxy UGC 8335 Using Multiple Filters
Authors: Al-baqir Haydar R. , Ahmed Abdullah K.
Published: November 2024

The two galaxies, UGC 8335 (East) E and (West) W, were investigated through the utilization of photometric and spectroscopic approaches, employing g, r, i, and z filters to gather the maximum amount of details feasible; the observed data ware obtained using the data releases (DR7 and DR17) provided by "The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)." Subsequently, the data were fitted to ellipsoids through the utilization of "the Images Reduction & Analysis Facilities (IRAF)" through implementation of the STSDAS ELLIPS tool. Multiple characteristics of the two galaxies UGC 8335 E and W, have been scrutinized, including surface brightness, magnitudes, both vertical and horizontal changes, accumulated flux, central axis position angles, ellipticities, isophotal shape parameters (B4), and star-forming rates (SFRs), together with their astronomical characteristics. The UGC 8335 galaxy pair has been confirmed to be an interacting pair that exhibits significant indications of interaction and is undergoing a merging process. Furthermore, this combination is categorized as an intermediate galaxy pair and represents a physical set with refined star formation rates.
Stellar Thermonuclear Reaction Rates of Proton Radiative Capture by Closed Light Shell Isotopes
Authors: Abd Ali Fatimah Fadhil , Selman Ahmed Abdul-Razzaq
Published: November 2024

Light isotopes, especially closed shell nuclei, have significance in thermonuclear reactions of the Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen (CNO) cycle in stars. In this research, 12C(p, γ) 13N and 14N(p, γ) 15O reactions have been calculated by means of Matlab codes to find the reaction rate across a temperature range of 0.006 to 10 GK using non-resonant parts, as well as the astrophysical S- factor S(E) at low energies. It was concluded that the high binding energy of 12C and 14N nuclei make the reaction less probable thus enabling other competitive processes to develop, which enhances the probability of other competitive proton reactions in the CNO cycle.
Estimation of some Climatological Parameters by WEKA Software for Selective Regions in Iraq
Authors: Bakr Dher I. , Al-Khalidi Jasim , Abas Abas Wisam Mahdi , ALHak Layla A.
Published: November 2024

An Estimation is a direct summation that can produce new data from past measurements. In this study, we confirm the possibility of using the (WEKA) program in estimating the monthly values of some climatological parameters and investigate the influence of the time series' length parameters on the accuracy of estimation for selected regions of Iraq.  Satellite data were used, which represent the monthly values for each of the minimum and maximum temperature, wind velocity, and relative humidity for the 1981 – 2021 time period, the absolute error rate (MAE), and the square root of the error rate (RMSE) with the correlation
( R2) are also identified to test the confidence of the prediction. Using (WEKA) software, which depends only on the time series of the parameters in the estimation, 12 months were estimated for the mentioned parameters. The estimated values by WEKA were close to the satellite data, thus we can depend on the software as a good source of meteorological data. Also, the study indicates that the time series' length strongly affects the accuracy of the estimation, as the increase in the time series of weather parameters increases the estimate's accuracy, and this increase fluctuates among parameters and varies from one region to another.
Türkiye’deki Kalkınma ve Yatırım Bankalarının Performanslarının CAMELS Analiz Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi: Covid-19 Pandemi Öncesi Dönem ve Pandemi Döneminin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Seyhan Metin
Published: November 2024

Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde kalkınma ve yatırım bankaları yabancı sermayenin ülkeye girişini kolaylaştırmak, uygulamasına karar verilen projelere teknik destek vermek ve ülke ekonomisinin büyümesi için yatırımcılara kaynak sağlamak amacıyla kurulmaktadırlar. CAMELS analizi, finansal yönden problemleri olan bankaların risklerini önceden tespit etmek, performanslarını ölçmek, finansal krizlerin öncü göstergelerini belirlemek ve ekonomik kriz ya da durgunluk dönemlerinde gerekli önlemler almak amacıyla kullanılan ve uluslararası ekonomik birimler tarafından kabul görülen bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren kalkınma ve yatırım bankalarının Covid-19 pandemi öncesi dönem ve pandemi dönemi verilerini CAMELS analiz yöntemi kullanılarak mali performanslarını ölçmek ve karşılaştırmaktır. Analiz sonucunda bankaların büyük çoğunluğunun Covid-19 pandemi öncesi dönemde mali performansları artış eğilimindedir. Ancak Covid-19 pandemi döneminde bu performansları düşüş yaşamıştır. Ayrıca bankalar aktif kalitesi, likidite ve piyasa riskine duyarlılıkta daha başarılı bir performans gösterirken sermaye yeterliliği, yönetim kalitesi ve kârlılıkta daha düşük bir performans gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Küreselleşmenin Ekonomik Etkileri: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Aydın Rahman
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada küreselleşmenin Türkiye ekonomisi üzerine etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada 1990-2021 yılları arası kullanılan kişi başına düşen milli gelir ve küreselleşme verilerinin yanı sıra kontrol değişken olarak sabit sermaye yatırımları, kamu harcamaları, beşeri sermaye ve istihdam verileri kullanılmaktadır. Verilerin birim kök içerip içermediği ADF ve RALS-ADF yöntemi ile, veriler arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki ise RALS yöntemine dayalı olarak geliştirilen RALS-ADL ve RALS-EG2 eşbütünleşme testleri ile araştırılmaktadır. RALS-ADL ve RALS-EG2 eşbütünleşme testlerinden elde edilen bulgulara göre sabit sermaye yatırımları, beşeri sermaye ve istihdamın kişi başına düşen milli gelir üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fakat küreselleşme ve kamu harcamalarının kişi başına düşen milli gelir üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Dijitalleşmenin Kripto Varlık Fiyatları Üzerindeki Etkisi: G20 Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: Yaldizsal Samet , Şahin Serkan
Published: November 2024

Dijitalleşme, bilginin sayısallaşmasını sağlamakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda bireylerin dijital teknolojilere erişimini artırarak finansal sistemi etkilemektedir. Son yıllarda dijitalleşmenin ortaya çıkardığı değişimle birlikte kripto varlıklara olan ilginin de arttığı görülmektedir. Dijitalleşme süreci, kripto varlık fiyatlarını farklı açılardan etkileyebilmektedir. Öncelikle, dijitalleşme kripto varlıklara erişimi artırarak kripto varlıklara olan talep artabilmektedir. Artan talep ise kripto varlık fiyatlarının yükselmesiyle sonuçlanabilmektedir. Dijitalleşmeyi takip eden finansal teknolojilerin gelişimi de bu süreci hızlandırarak etkileri artırabilmektedir. Bu nedenle dijitalleşme ve kripto varlıklar arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi hem yatırımcılar hem de politika geliştiriciler açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, dijitalleşmenin kripto varlıklar üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, G20 ülkelerinde dijitalleşme ve Bitcoin arasındaki ilişki panel veri analizi kullanılarak 2014-2021 dönemi için incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında içsellik testleri, yatay kesit bağımlılığına ilişkin testler, otokorelasyon ve değişen varyans testleri kullanılmıştır. Bu testlerden yola çıkarak Beck & Katz (1995) tarafından geliştirilen ve metodolojik açıdan güvenirliği artıran dirençli tahminciler ile söz konusu ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, dijitalleşmenin kripto varlık fiyatlarını pozitif yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Buna göre sonuçlar, dijitalleşmenin kripto varlıklara erişimi artırarak talep artışına ve kripto varlıkların fiyatlarının artışına yol açtığı hipotezini desteklemektedir. Dijitalleşmenin kripto varlık fiyatları üzerindeki pozitif etkisini dikkate alarak kripto varlık ile ilgili politikaların dijitalleşme politikaları ile birlikte ele alınması önerilmektedir.
Evaluation of OECD Countries in Terms of Better Life Index According to Bulut Index
Authors: Yücel Şebnem , Bolukçu Ferhat , Bulut Tevfik , Yücel Recep
Published: November 2024

Background: The "Better Life Index", first developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2011, includes many criteria from the functioning of public services to environmental wealth, from security services to individual and social well-being. Method: The performances of OECD countries according to the decision criteria that constitute the Better Life Index has been evaluated with Bulut Index (BI) method, which is a multi-criteria decision-making method. Normalized Maximum Values (NMV) method, one of the objective weighting methods, was used to determine weights of decision criteria. Findings: Among the indicators of the Better Life Index, the murder rate per 100 thousand population ranks first in terms of criterion weight. In the study, due to the analysis and evaluation made with Bulut Index, Switzerland ranked first among OECD countries with 82.28 points in the welfare and well-being index ranking. On the other hand, Türkiye ranked fourth from the bottom among OECD countries. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that urgent and necessary measures be taken on homicide rates, long-term unemployment rates and air pollution criteria. The lack of criteria regarding civic participation, work-life balance and income status constitute limitations of the study. In future studies, it is especially recommended that other researchers include these variables.
Antonio Gramsci’nin Niccolò Machiavelli’yi Keşfetmesi: Siyasi-İktisadi Olgunun Önceliği Sorunu
Authors: Mollaer Fırat
Published: November 2024

Bu makale şu sorudan yola çıkmaktadır: Siyaset ve iktisat arasındaki ilişkiler üzerine düşünen bir Marksist iki dünya savaş arası dönemin çetin koşullarında 16. yüzyılda yaşamış bir siyaset filozofu olan Niccolò Machiavelli’nin kitaplarını okursa ne olur? Buradaki Marksist, Antonio Gramsci, Machiavelli’nin kitabı ise öncelikle Prens’dir. Machiavelli, Gramsci’nin “siyasi-iktisadi olgunun önceliği”ni ifade etmesinde ve ekonomik yapının tek belirleyici olmadığı bir politik ekonomi anlayışının benimsenmesinde etkili olmuştur. Gramsci, Modern Prens’de İtalyan faşizmi koşullarında eleştirel-devrimci bir siyaset bilimi incelemesinin zorunluluğu varsayımıyla, Machiavelli’nin yaklaşık beş yüzyıl önce yazılan (1513) ünlü Prens’inin izinden gider. Prens nasıl modern siyaset biliminin başlangıçlarını ortaya koyuyorsa, Gramsci’ye göre Modern Prens de Marksizm’in eleştirel gücüyle birleştirilmiş eleştirel bir siyaset bilimi çözümlemesinin mihenk taşı olacaktır. Machiavelli’nin temel sorunsalı, İtalya’nın bölünmüş yapısından siyasi önderliğin zorlayıcı ve meşru gücüne dayanan bir “yeni düzen”in nasıl kurulacağıdır. Gramsci, Machiavellici sorunsalın özünü devralır; burjuva hegemonyası ve faşizmin gelişimine karşı toplumun temel sınıfsal güçlerini eklemleyerek yeni bir düzene doğru seferber eden siyasi önderliğin nasıl kurulacağı sorusuna sevk eder.
Efeitos do tratamento anti-hipertensivo em obesos em um município do Sudoeste da Bahia
Authors: Silva Yuri Nunes , Brito Gabrielle Farias de , Amaral Gabriel Ramos Rodrigues , Assunção João Pedro Silveira dos Santos , Mendes Alysson Oliveira , Caires Lais Queiroz , Costa Rafael Alves da Silva , Magalhães Ana Cláudia Reis , Cruz Rafaela Pereira da , Cruz André Fabricio Pereira da
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da medicação anti-hipertensiva em pacientes obesos no município de Guanambi. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com análises de campo, com corte transversal, conduzido com 304 pacientes hipertensos em tratamento com idade superior a 18 anos de ambos os sexos. A pesquisa foi composta por pacientes de unidades de saúde do município de Guanambi. Os dados foram obtidos através de questionário contendo informações socioeconômicos, antropométricos, sinais vitais e uso adequado da medicação anti-hipertensiva. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa SPSS 24.0. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética. Resultados: Realizado com 304 pacientes, predominantemente mulheres (69,7%) com idade superior a 60 anos (47,7%). No índice de massa corporal (IMC) tinham mais pacientes com valores entre 25 e 29,9 Kg/m² (30,9%; p=0,000). Em relação à pressão arterial houve maior número de casos com pressão entre 140-159 x 90-99 mmHg (29.9%; p=0,000). Quando comparados o IMC e a pressão arterial observou-se uma relação diretamente proporcional entre o aumento do IMC e a pressão arterial (p=0,000). Conclusão: Conclui-se que a obesidade é um fator predisponente para o aumento dos níveis pressóricos e descontrole do tratamento anti-hipertensivo em pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e IMC aumentado.
Dinâmica epidemiológica do exame citopatológico cervical em mulheres paraenses
Authors: Coelho Erik William Farias , Ribeiro Gabriela de Assis , Paes Victor Leno Silva , Hanna Leila Maués Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Detalhar o perfil epidemiológico das mulheres que se submeteram ao exame citopatológico do colo do útero no Estado do Pará no período de 2014 a 2023. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico quantitativo, retrospectivo e longitudinal, com coleta de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) através do Sistema de Informação do Câncer (SISCAN), entre os anos de 2014 a 2023. Resultados: Nesse período, foram registrados 1.434.612 exames citopatológicos de colo uterino no Estado do Pará. O maior número de exames e a maior taxa de incidência foram registrados em 2023, com 241.506 exames totais (105 para cada 1000 mulheres). Houve predomínio da faixa etária de 35-39 anos (16,33%) e da etnia amarela (55, 61%). 99,38% das fichas não fizeram registro da escolaridade. A principal motivação para a realização do preventivo foi o rastreamento (96,66%). Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou conhecer o perfil epidemiológico das mulheres que realizaram exame citopatológico do colo do útero no Pará, avaliando fatores que influenciaram na adesão ou não do exame, podendo contribuir na elaboração de medidas estratégicas para a prevenção do câncer de colo de útero e futuras pesquisas a respeito do tema.
Caracterização epidemiológica da população em situação de rua
Authors: Silva Amanda Aguiar , Santos Laris Ferreira dos , Sousa Kândida Karoline dos Santos , Paiva Mariane Carvalho Santos , Sestrem Bruna Alice , Silva Tauana Wazir Mattar e , Gontijo Thiago Gomes
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as características epidemiológicas da população em situação de rua. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, que proporcionou o agrupamento e a sistematização de artigos já divulgados. Como critério de inclusão, os artigos deveriam abordar a temática de perfil epidemiológico da população em situação de rua, publicados há no máximo 10 anos, disponíveis para acesso em formato eletrônico e nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol.  Após levantamento  das bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health (PUBMED), foram identificados 207 artigos, sendo selecionados 17 após análise de resumo e título. Resultados: Ao explorar uma gama de artigos acerca da temática foi possível identificar que as características epidemiológicas das pessoas em situação de rua são descritas pela prevalência da tuberculose; uso de substâncias psicoativas e transtornos mentais; infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Considerações finais: As características epidemiológicas deste grupo social são determinadas por peculiaridades do seu modo de vida, assim como pela desigualdade e exclusão social. Logo, tendo em vista esse panorama, é possível constatar a necessidade de ampliação da atuação dos serviços de saúde para essa parcela da população.
Fotobiomodulação no tratamento de distúrbios neurossensoriais em âmbito odontológico
Authors: Horizonte Raquel Maronci de Oliveira , Porto Amanda de Menezes , Sousa Thayla Marla do Carmo , Gomes Milena Bezerra , Mascarenhas Karen Anne de Carvalho , Branco Laís Tajra de Castello , Sobrinho Maria Luísa Sousa , Furtado  Júnior João Hildo de Carvalho , Pinho Filho João Eudes Teixeira , Aguiar Andréa Silvia Walter de
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Revisar o uso da laserterapia de baixa potência em distúrbios neurossensoriais em Odontologia. Métodos: Foi feita uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PubMed, resultando em 83 estudos, dos quais 65 foram excluídos, resultando em 18 estudos. Resultados: A maioria dos artigos foi produzida em 2020, com predominância de publicações da Ásia e Europa. Comprimentos de onda variaram de 632,5 nm a 1064 nm, destacando-se o uso do infravermelho. Os resultados foram avaliados pela escala visual analógica e monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein. O protocolo mais eficaz para o tratamento dos nervos alveolar inferior e lingual foi o uso de luz infravermelha a 830 nm; para o nervo facial, luz a 810 nm, com dose total de 324 J/cm² em 21 sessões. Na terapia para distúrbios do nervo trigêmeo, a combinação de luz vermelha a 618 nm com ozonoterapia a 75% promoveu melhor cicatrização e aumento das células de Schwann. Considerações finais: A laserterapia de baixa intensidade é uma ferramenta eficaz na recuperação funcional de nervos lesionados, contribuindo para a regeneração e melhora dos sintomas dos pacientes.
Targeting the Ajuba/Notch axis increases the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil
Authors: Liang Xinghua , Liu Xuelian , Zhang Long , Liu Junhao , Yan Rong , Li Haiyan , Zeng Xiancheng , Wang Hong
Published: November 2024

Objective:

Colorectal cancer is severely challenging because of the insufficient understanding of the mechanism underlying its resistance to clinical chemotherapy. The purpose of our study is to investigate the role of the LIM protein Ajuba (JUB) in the chemoresistance of colon cancer and its potential effect on clinical treatment.

Material and Methods:

The protein levels of JUB in colon cancer tissues were evaluated using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry assays. The correlation between JUB and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer was determined using Kaplan–Meier plot analysis. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays were employed to determine the 50% inhibitory concentration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and thus assess the effect of JUB on the effectiveness of 5-FU. In addition, the rate of cellular apoptosis was measured using fluorescence-activated cell sorting assays. Side population and sphere formation analyses were conducted to determine the role of JUB in promoting the stem cell-like traits of colon cancer cells. In vivo assays were performed and detect whether the downregulation of JUB induces 5-FU sensitivity. Moreover, luciferase and Western blot assays were employed to uncover the mechanism through which JUB promotes chemoresistance in colon cancer.

Results:

JUB expression was upregulated in chemoresistant colon cancer (P < 0.001) and correlated with relapse-free survival (P = 0.000002). Functionally, the upregulation of JUB conferred 5-FU resistance to colon cancer cells in vitro, whereas the downregulation of JUB induced 5-FU sensitivity in colon cancer cells in vivo. The high expression of JUB promoted the tumorigenic capability of colon cancer cells. Furthermore, the increased expression of JUB activated multiple downstream genes of the Notch signaling pathway with increased expression in JUB-overexpressing cells but reduced expression in JUB-silenced cells. Importantly, the inhibition of Notch signaling using a small-molecule inhibitor significantly suppressed JUB-induced chemoresistance.

Conclusion:

Results suggest that JUB plays an important role and may serve as a biomarker for the clinical treatment of patients with 5-FU-resistant colon cancer.
Pergolakan Timor-Timur 1999 dan Relevansinya pada Penerapan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia
Authors: Sila Urbanus , Yustinus Yustinus
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on the role of the Indonesian State in fighting human rights violations during the 1999 East Timor Upheaval. The 1999 East Timor Upheaval was one of the most serious human rights violations that occurred in Indonesia. The Indonesian state has an important role in eradicating human rights violations that occurred in East Timor in 1999, namely by carrying out investigations and trials against perpetrators of human rights violations, providing compensation to victims of human rights violations, and reforming military security law. The method used in this paper is qualitative research through a literature review. Primary sources from books and articles. The Indonesian state needs to increase its role in eradicating human rights violations during the 1999 East Timor Upheaval by holding trials for perpetrators of serious human rights violations, providing adequate compensation to victims of human rights violations, carrying out reforms in the security and military sector, and implementing reforms in the security and military sector. consistently and sustainably, as well as providing education to the community. about the importance of human rights and preventing human rights violations. By taking these steps, the Indonesian state can demonstrate its commitment to fighting human rights violations and protecting the human rights of all its citizens.
Uso y complicaciones del cateterismo urinario en salas de cuidados moderados de un hospital universitario
Authors: Spiess Julio , Larrosa Nicolás , Ormaechea Gabriela
Published: November 2024

ResumenIntroducción: El cateterismo urinario es un procedimiento frecuente y en ocasiones es utilizado por fuera de las indicaciones aceptadas para el mismo. Esto aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones vinculadas a su uso, por lo que pueden ser prevenibles. El objetivo del estudio es conocer las características del uso de cateterismo urinario en pacientes ingresados en salas de cuidados moderados de un hospital universitario del tercer nivel de atención, determinar la frecuencia, duración e indicaciones más frecuentes, así como evaluar la presencia de complicaciones asociadas al mismo.Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal, realizado en salas de cuidados moderados de un hospital terciario y universitario de Montevideo, Uruguay, el 21 de diciembre de 2022. Se incluyeron pacientes hospitalizados que presentaban o presentaron catéter vesical en la presente internación y se completó la recolección de variables mediante la revisión de la historia clínica.Resultados: De 155 pacientes ingresados en salas de cuidados moderados, a 26 (16,7%) les fue colocado un catéter urinario. La mediana de edad fue 61 años, 80% eran de sexo masculino. La mediana de internación fue de 22 días. En todos los pacientes se utilizó sonda vesical y el 54% fue colocado en el Departamento de Emergencia. En el 46% de los pacientes no se encontró indicación escrita de colocación en la historia clínica. En 50% de los casos no está especificado el motivo de indicación de sonda vesical, mientras que las indicaciones identificadas más frecuentes fueron el control de diuresis (27%) y la desobstrucción de vía urinaria baja (23%). La duración de cateterismo fue de una mediana de 13,5 días, mientras que el 27% de los pacientes la usaron más de 30 días. 35% de los pacientes presentaron complicaciones vinculadas a la sonda vesical, en su mayoría no infecciosas (27%) y 15% presentaron infección urinaria. Estos pacientes tuvieron una duración de cateterismo mayor a los que no presentaron complicaciones (23 vs 10 días, p=0,411).Conclusiones: El catéter vesical fue utilizado en un porcentaje no despreciable de pacientes ingresados en salas de cuidados moderados, de forma prolongada y frecuentemente sin indicación precisa, lo cual expone a un riesgo aumentado de complicaciones vinculadas.
Implementación de un modelo de complementación público-privado (AMSJ – ASSE) de Asistencia Paliativa en el departamento de San José, Uruguay
Authors: Chapper Callorda María Carolina , Piriz Álvarez Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Introducción: En inicios del año 2015 se implementa el convenio de complementación público-privado entre los dos principales prestadores del Departamento de San José - Uruguay: AMSJ y ASSE San José, conformándose así la Unidad Departamental de Medicina Paliativa de San José (UDMP).  El convenio tiene como principal objetivo asegurar la asistencia paliativa a todos los usuarios de los prestadores involucrados con los principios fundamentales de calidad, equidad y accesibilidad, siguiendo los lineamientos del Plan Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Uruguay. El objetivo es describir y analizar la experiencia de la implementación del primer modelo de complementación público-privado del país en Cuidados Paliativos (CP).
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo analítico, retrospectivo que incluye datos de los primeros siete años de funcionamiento del convenio.
Resultados: El convenio de complementación público-privado en el Departamento de San José, permitió la creación de un equipo interdisciplinario que asistió en forma continua a 1422 pacientes provenientes de zonas urbanas y rurales, portadores de diversas patologías. La cobertura departamental de CP aumentó de forma significativa, pasando de 24 % en 2014 a 57% en 2021.
Estos resultados se lograron implementando un modelo de asistencia paliativa que asegura la continuidad asistencial en internación, consultorio y domicilio, que permitió respetar la autonomía del paciente, logrando el fallecimiento de 67% de los pacientes en su hogar. La satisfacción de usuarios y familiares de la asistencia brindada fue evaluada como muy buena.
Conclusiones: El convenio de complementación resultó ser una herramienta eficiente para favorecer el acceso a CP, evitando la superposición de equipos en la asistencia domiciliaria en todo el departamento de San José.
Fiebre reumática aguda en adultos corriendo el año 2023, diagnóstico poco frecuente
Authors: Santa Cruz Agustina , Mechelk Lucía , Clouzet Vanina , Rostán Sofía , Peverelli Franco
Published: November 2024

La fiebre reumática aguda es una enfermedad con baja incidencia en nuestra región. Sus complicaciones conllevan una elevada morbi-mortalidad. El diagnóstico es un desafío en la actualidad, teniendo la clínica un rol preponderante; permitiéndonos mantener una alta sospecha a pesar de su baja incidencia. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente sexo masculino cuyo diagnóstico fue un reto para el equipo de salud.
Vasculitis por IgA del adulto
Authors: Servioli Luisa Fernanda
Published: November 2024

La siguiente revisión bibliográfica está centrada los aspectos más relevantes y controversiales de esta entidad en cuanto a clínica, patogenia, diagnóstico y abordaje terapéutico. Aunque la vasculitis por IgA, es la más frecuente en pediatría, puede presentarse en adultos con una presentación clínica diferente y un pronóstico más grave que en niños, incluida la progresión a enfermedad renal terminal. En adultos no se dispone de criterios diagnósticos universalmente aceptados y el tratamiento es controvertido, dada la ausencia de estudios controlados randomizados que lo avalen. Existen avances recientes en la comprensión de los factores ambientales y genéticos, en las anormalidades de la inmunidad innata y adquirida y en el rol de los inmunocomplejos de IgA1 deficiente en galactos.
Consideraciones acerca de la relación entre la Psiconeuroinmunendocrinología y los Trastornos en la calidad del ritmo sueño-vigilia
Authors: Zayas Fundora Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

El sueño es considerado un fenómeno biológico y circadiano (diario) constituido por varias fases o estados. Su existencia ha sido demostrada en todo tipo de animales desde el elefante hasta la mosca de la fruta; existiendo múltiples teorías que abordan la causa de su evolución y permanencia en las especies durante todo el proceso de evolución.
Estudio de la citoqueratina- 18 como marcador no invasivo en pacientes con enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico
Authors: Suárez Marcia , Narváez Jorge , Beloso Carolina , García María Noel , Otegui Juan , Nuñez Martín , Nieto Gastón , Perendones Mercedes
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La enfermedad por hígado graso no alcohólico es una de las principales causas de afección hepática. La citoqueratina 18 surge como marcador no invasivo para la valoración de fibrosis hepática. El objetivo del trabajo fue validar el uso de la citoqueratina 18 en sangre periférica en el diagnóstico y evolución de los pacientes con enfermedad por hígado graso no alcohólico. Metodología: Para validar la citoqueratina 18 en el diagnóstico se realizó un estudio de tipo caso-control. El grupo caso fueron los pacientes mayores de 18 años, de ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de enfermedad por hígado graso no alcohólico vinculado al síndrome metabólico, captados entre 2/2/2019 al 2/2/2020. El grupo control fueron personas donantes de sangre. Se parearon 1-1 por edad y sexo. Se cuantificó la citoqueratina 18 en sangre periférica de ambos grupos. Para validar la citoqueratina 18 en la evolución de los pacientes con enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico se realizó un trabajo prospectivo, longitudinal. El grupo de pacientes captados fueron seguidos durante un año bajo tratamiento estándar, finalizando el mismo se realizó la cuantificación de citoqueratina 18 en sangre periférica. Las variables continuas se expresan con la media y desvío estándar. Se analizó con test de t Student, error α < 5% Resultados: 13 pacientes integran el grupo caso (12 mujeres), de 53 ± 11 años, con IMC 35.01 ± 8.9 kg/m2. El valor de citoqueratina 18 pre-tratamiento fue de 1410 ± 120 UI, y el valor post-tratamiento fue de 117 ± 56, p < 0,005.El grupo control fueron 13 personas (12 mujeres), de 43,4 ± 8,1 años e IMC 28,10 ± 5,4 kg/m2 El valor de citoqueratina 18 fue de 193 ± 7.2 UI, p < 0.005 vs grupo caso pretratamiento.Conclusiones: La citoqueratina 18 es más elevada en los pacientes con enfermedad hígado graso no alcohólico, siendo estadísticamente significativa y disminuye con el tratamiento con significación estadística, pudiendo constituirse en un marcador útil en este grupo de pacientes.
Prevalencia y caracterización de la anemia en cirugía electiva en un Hospital Universitario
Authors: Sierra Nicolás , Romero Selva , Ormaechea Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La anemia es un trastorno sumamente prevalente. La anemia preoperatoria se asocia a mayor mortalidad, más complicaciones, mayor estancia hospitalaria y mayores costos en salud. La transfusión de glóbulos rojos (TGR) no mejora estos resultados. La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda implementar medidas de Patient Blood Management (PBM), ya que permiten mejorar estos resultados clínicos, disminuir TGR innecesarias, ahorrando costos. A pesar de la contundente evidencia, dicha implementación dista de efectivizarse. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis de situación para concientizar sobre la problemática e incentivar la implementación de estas medidas.
Metodología. Se realizó un estudio observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo de cohorte histórica, unicéntrico. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes sometidos a cirugías de coordinación desde el 01/01/2022 al 01/04/2022 en el Hospital de Clínicas. Criterios de exclusión: ausencia de hemograma en los tres meses previos a la cirugía, y negación a participar del estudio.
Resultados. Se analizaron un total de 329 cirugías. 52 de cada 100 procedimientos fueron realizados en pacientes con anemia. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la anemia preoperatoria y recibir TGR durante la internación. OR 11,746 (4,518 – 30,540). La anemia y las TGR prolongaron significativamente la estancia hospitalaria. Días de internación en función de condición del paciente: Sin anemia: 10,1 ± 1,1 días, con anemia: 27,2 ± 2,3 días. Valor p < 0,001. No transfundidos: 14,5 ± 1,3 días, transfundidos: 41,8 ± 4,4 días. Valor p < 0,001. Únicamente 49 (28,6%) de los 171 pacientes con anemia contaban con metabolismo del hierro antes de la cirugía. De los 140 pacientes con Hb < 12 mg/dl sometidos a cirugías con sangrado no insignificante, 4 recibieron tratamiento específico para optimizar la hemoglobina. Se administraron en total 185 unidades de glóbulos rojos (UGR) durante la internación. 49 en pacientes inestables (intraoperatorio o hemorragia aguda) y 136 en pacientes estables. Del análisis de estas últimas, 42,5% de los pacientes recibieron 3 o más UGR.  La hemoglobina pretransfusional promedio fue de 7,0 ± 0,1. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre recibir UGR y fallecer durante la internación. OR 17,182 (3,360 – 87,872).
Conclusiones. Se realizó un análisis de situación en el que se observó una elevada prevalencia de anemia preoperatoria, un escaso estudio y tratamiento de la anemia antes de las cirugías y una cantidad excesiva de UGR recibidas por algunos pacientes. Este trabajo establece la necesidad de implementar programas de Patient Blood Management para disminuir la prevalencia de anemia preoperatoria y mejorar nuestras prácticas transfusionales. A la vez, establece un marco comparativo para evaluar el progreso de estas medidas y señala posibles indicadores para cotejar los beneficios de su implementación.
La aplicación del saber médico: Hipertensión y daño cognitivo
Authors: Díaz Viviana , Spósito Paola , Llorens Mario , Más Valentina , Rivero María Noel , Cuba Ximena , Viviano Luciana , Tregarthen Micaela
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La hipertensión arterial (HTA) es la primera causa de muerte por enfermedad cardiovascular. Pese a los avances, el porcentaje de hipertensos no diagnosticados y no tratados es de 58,4%. La evaluación del daño cognitivo en la HTA se centra en prevenir el ataque cerebrovascular, siendo soslayado el daño funcional. Este inadecuado manejo puede ser multifactorial. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar las opiniones que tienen los médicos sobre la relación entre hipertensión arterial y el daño cognitivo. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal desarrollado en el periodo comprendido entre agosto del 2020 y agosto del 2023. Análisis de datos obtenidos de un cuestionario autogestionado, de carácter anónimo y voluntario. Relevando información del perfil profesional, conocimiento de la HTA, su vínculo con el deterioro cognitivo diagnóstico y tratamiento. Resultados: Se incluyeron 222 profesionales, 215 (96,8%) están de acuerdo con la existencia de un vínculo entre la HTA y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en el DC, y 218 (98.1%) reconocen asistir a pacientes con riesgo de padecer DC. La evaluación del DC es realizada en casos seleccionados por 132 (59.4%) participantes y un 59 (26.7%) lo realizan siempre. De los que realizan evaluación, 103 (54%) usan el Examen Mínimo del Estado Mental (Mini Mental State Examination - MMSE), un 10 (5.2%) usan la Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA) y 9 (4.7%) el test de reloj. En cuanto al descenso de la presión arterial en los pacientes añosos y el vínculo con riesgo de DC: 54 (24.3%) no reconoce riesgo y 65 (29.2%) reconoce un riesgo moderado - alto. En referencia a la implicancia del tratamiento de la enfermedad cardiovascular y el DC: 217 (97.7%) reconocen un efecto beneficioso. Discusión. Dado el reconocimiento del vínculo entre HTA y DC se esperaría que se pesquise DC en la gran mayoría, sin embargo solo el 26.7% lo evalúa siempre. No hay consenso del método, siendo el más usado el MMSE, con una baja aplicación del test de MoCA y/o test de reloj, estos últimos son los que evalúa función ejecutiva, mayormente alterada en el DC vinculado a HTA. Si bien se reconoce beneficioso del tratamiento de la enfermedad cardiovascular respecto al DC, el control de la HTA en el adulto mayor se considera como riesgoso. Se realiza un diagnóstico de situación donde se evidencia una disparidad entre lo que se reconoce saber y lo que se dice hacer. Conclusiones: Es reconocido el papel de la enfermedad vascular en el daño funcional cerebral, considerando necesario conocer el estado cognitivo de los pacientes, sin embargo hay una baja aplicación de tests de screening que evalúen la función ejecutiva. En este contexto se muestra una brecha entre el saber y el hacer médico.
Documenting public health interventions with new technologies in rural Indonesia
Authors: Okonofua Friday
Published: November 2024

The African Journal of Reproductive Health is pleased to publish these compendia of articles that originated from an international symposium on public health which took place in Surabaya, Indonesia in 2023 (ISoPH 2023). Indonesia, the world’s fourth largest country, with a population of 280 million people, has a robust healthcare system that comprises a mix of public and private providers’ financing. Of interest, is Indonesia’s approach to health promotion through the digitization of its health services resulting in the development of multiple health applications by the central government, regional governments, and the private sector. The uniqueness of the ISoPH symposium is its strategic focus on providing an understanding of the ways that various communities in Indonesia have been engaged and are involved in using digital technologies to promote health outcomes. This being one of the first such descriptions globally, it remains an essential approach that will help to draw similar innovations from other parts of the world.
Influence of parental education on care patterns of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders in Indonesia
Authors: Dianti Meilina R. , Nurmala Ira , Sulistyorini Lilis
Published: November 2024

Severe disparities in the care of children with Attention Deficit-yperactivity Disorder (ADHD) against the background of financial stability and parental demographic areas are major public health challenges in Indonesia. This study was designed to investigate how parental education influences care pattern of children with ADHD. We carried out interventions in the form of counseling and assistance regarding the care of ADHD children in the family. Of the 70 children included in the study, 33 (47.1%) did not attend mental health appointments and 51 (72.9%) did not receive any treatment at 3 to 6 month follow-up. Logistic regression showed that increasing age and medication problems were associated with fewer follow-ups on mental health appointments (P < 0.05) and less treatment utilization (P < 0.05). The results of this study implicated that the higher the educational background the parent has, the more adequate treatment the ADHD children receive. This is the fact that care patterns are likely dependent on parental education’s status. Further study on which factor between financial status and socio-demographic that has higher impact on ADHD children’s parents and coping style should be conducted.
Determining factors affecting mother's behaviour in stunting prevention in rural Madura, Indonesia
Authors: Noviana Ulva , Devy Shrimarti Rukmini , Indriani Diah , Yasin Zakiyah
Published: November 2024

Stunting is one of the consequences of chronic malnutrition whose prevalence continues to increase in Indonesia. This study used an observational analytical approach to develop a model of mother behaviour in stunting prevention in children. The population consisted of 215 mothers who had children aged 0-24 months. The variables included assessment of behavioural beliefs, behaviour outcomes, attitudes, demographics, perceived control, and intentions. The SEM - smartPLS4 was used for the analysis. The validity test results indicate that the values for Cronbach's alpha and Composite Reliability (C.R) are above 0.7, and the value for Average Variance Extracted (AVE) is above 0.50, indicating that all indicators are valid and reliable. The results revealed that a mother’s behaviour in stunting prevention is directly influenced by her intention, whereas mother's intentions are influenced by attitudes, demography, and perceived control. We conclude that a mother who has high intentions to prevent stunting will be able to practice it because of having a positive attitude and a good perceived control. Behavioural intentions have been identified as the mediating variable of the transformation of behavioural attitudes into treatment, which is consistent with the TPB theory and other research on physician behaviour. In other words, intent can serve not only as an internal driving process of attitude, but also as a condition of preparation for behaviour.
Factors related to the collaboration of cadres in stunting prevention
Authors: Putri Dian U. P.
Published: November 2024

In the implementation of stunting prevention, the lack of cooperation between stunting cadres, no direct communication media and no one who facilitates the cooperation of stunting cadres to carry out data collection tasks as indicators of stunting achievement and for stunting prevention. This can result in repeated data collection, unequal data, and irrelevant data accuracy. Stunting cadres, who are community health workers selected and trained to monitor and prevent stunting at the village level, play a crucial role in these efforts. If stunting cadres collaborate, the performance of both will be more effective and efficient. This study aims to find out the factors related to the collaboration of stunting cadres in stunting prevention efforts. A quantitative research method with a cross-sectional study design was employed. The research sample consisted of 63 stunting cadres. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analysis. The results showed that variables such as trust (p-value 0.032), communication (p-value 0.021), agreement (p-value 0.002) and added public value (p-value 0.001) were significantly related to the collaboration of stunting cadres. The conclusion of this study is that stunting cadre collaboration is important in stunting prevention efforts and has an impact on optimizing stunting prevention programs.
The association of second-hand smoke with hypertension among adult males in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Purnawan Nyoman I. , Saputro Sigit A. , Sulistyowati Muji , Wahyuni Chatarina U. , Martini Santi , Widati Sri
Published: November 2024

Second-hand smoke (SHS), also known as passive smoking, is a widely accepted risk factor for hypertension. This study aimed to determine the association of SHS and hypertension among a cohort of adult males in Bali, Indonesia. A nation-wide cross-sectional study of males aged ≥18 years was included in the study. We included 7,087 males in this study out of 14,494 subjects in Bali, that participated in the Indonesian Basic Health Survey (IBHS) 2018. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association. The prevalence of hypertension among male adults was 32.3%. Among the hypertensive males, about 20.9% of the subjects was exposed to SHS. Multivariate logistic regression showed significant association between SHS (OR=1.16; 95%CI,1.02-1.32) and hypertension with adjusted odd ratio of age (aOR=1.03; 95%CI,1.02-1.04) and residence (aOR=1.10; 95%CI,0.99-1.23). The prevalence of hypertension among older males who were exposed to SHS was higher among urban residents. A public health campaign of anti-smoking is urgently needed to increase awareness of SHS exposure among older males who live in urban areas.
What is the most influential factor associated with youth smoking in Bantul Indonesia?
Authors: Wibowo Marsiana , Mudayana Ahmad A. , Nurmala Ira
Published: November 2024

Smoking is one of the risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Smoking worsens a person's health and can even cause death. This smoking behaviour is primarily initiated in adolescence. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of youths' smoking behaviour. The design of this study is cross-sectional, with a sample size of 368 youths (aged 15 to 24 years) in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The sampling technique used is multistage random sampling. The statistical test used is logistic regression. This study showed that 67.9% of the sample were smokers. The results of the logistic regression test show that gender, occupational, attitudes and the role of peers have a significant effect on the smoking behaviour of youths. From our findings, gender is the most influential variable, in terms of having the highest odds ratio, on youth smoking behaviour.
Strengthening Indonesia’s health system through community and technological engagements in public health interventions
Authors: Mamun Abdullah A. , Fahmi Mohamad Anis , Yudhastuti Ririh , Prayoga Diansanto
Published: November 2024

The 7th International Symposium on Public Health (ISoPH 2023), was held on October 2-3, 2023, in Surabaya, Indonesia, which brought together a diverse array of public health professionals, researchers, and policymakers from around the globe. The purpose of the symposium was to facilitate the exchange of the latest information and ideas within the realm of public health. The symposium aspired to foster discussions and the exchange of insights regarding scientific issues in the field of public health globally and within the context of Indonesia. Organized by the Faculty of Public Health at Airlangga University in Indonesia, the symposium addressed the urgent need for robust, resilient health systems capable of navigating the complex challenges of the modern era, particularly in the context of the Society 5.0 paradigm.