bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman Hewan Invertebrata di Pesisir Pantai Sarae Me’e Desa Tolotangga Kecematan Monta
Authors: Pipit Fadillah  , Sri Julita Winata  , Nilam Terpuji  , Nurjanah  , Sukarni
Published: March 2024

Invertebrates are a large group of living creatures that do not have backbones. In biological classification, these animals include various groups such as arthropoda, mollusca, annelida, and echinodermata. Even without backbones, invertebrates have various body suppart systems, such as exoskeletons or internal skeletons. The study of invertebrtes not only illustrates their morphological divetsity, but also shows their crucial role in ecosystems as pollinators, decomposers, and food sources.and 97% of species in the world are invertebrates. This research activity is an activity that aims to identify data about the types of invertebrate animals that exist on Sarae Me’e beach, Sarae Me’e Beach is an open sea type beach, causing the waves on the beach to be large. This research was carried out on January 3 2024. The method used in this research is the exploration and identification method using exploration techniques along the coastline. The research objects are Invertebrate animals found along the coast of sarae me’e, Tolotangga village, Monta subdistrict. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis technique. The results of the research faund four Invertebrate animals including the phylum Mollusca, Gastropoda, Athropoda and Annelida.and the salinity condition of the waterthat we tested using a salinity tool was 30% salt content on Sarae Me’e when we conducted the research.
Keragaman Makro Alga Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologis Di Pantai Ria Kecamatan Woja Kabupaten Dompu
Authors: Leni Maulani Puja  , Nikman Azmin  , Ariyansyah
Published: March 2024

sea. This study aims to find out the types of macroalgae found in Ria Beach, Woja District, Dompu Regency, to find out the Macro Diversity of algae in Ria Beach, Woja District, Dompu Regency. This study used an exploratory survey method, sampling using the Transect Line method with the Quadrant Sampling technique. Analysis of data types and utilization of research results using qualitative analysis techniques, while the level of diversity using quantitative analysis techniques, namely the index of diversity. The results of the study in the Ria Beach area, Woja District, Dompu Regency found 4 types of macroalgae, namely, Boergesenia forbesii, Ulva lactuta, Padina australis, Sargassum polycystum. The diversity of macroalgae species in the Ria Beach area, Woja District, Dompu Regency is moderate.
Afrikabilder im Spielfilm. Überlegungen zum ethischen Erzählen im Film
Authors: Bohrmann Thomas
Published: March 2024

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit unterschiedlichen Afrikabildern im Medium Film der letzten Jahrzehnte. Anhand von acht Spielfilmen werden zwei Perspektiven auf Afrika vorgestellt: die Außenperspektive westlicher Filmschaffender und die Innenperspektive afrikanischer Filmschaffender. Die westlichen Filmschaffenden verfolgen einen eurozentrischen Blick, der Afrika als Sehnsuchts-, Abenteuer- und Fluchtort darstellt. Afrikanische Filmschaffende hingegen legen mehr Wert auf die sozialen und politischen Probleme Afrikas, wie zum Beispiel Globalisierung, Bürgerkrieg, Zwangsheirat, Gewalt gegen Frauen, Migration, islamistischer Terrorismus. Der Aufsatz fußt auf einer Filmethik, die den Film als Kulturprodukt des moralischen Diskurses versteht.
Microtargeting im Bundestagswahlkampf 2021. Zielgruppen, Inhalte und ethische Beurteilung
Authors: Haller André , Freidhofer Christoph
Published: March 2024

Der Beitrag zeigt Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung der Facebook-Werbung während des Bundestagswahlkampfes 2021. Die Darstellung der Ergebnisse erfolgt vorwiegend mittels Principal-Component-Analysen. Es wird aufgezeigt, welche Zielgruppen und Regionen durch die im Bundestag vertretenen Parteien angesprochen wurden. Die Analyse zeigt, dass vor allem Personen anvisiert wurden, die laut den Facebook-Daten den Parteien nahestanden. Die Studie zeigt zudem, welche inhaltlichen Präferenzen durch die Parteien angesprochen wurden. Außerdem offenbaren die Daten, dass Parteien überwiegend versuchten, eigene Schwerpunktthemen als Targeting-Optionen auszuwählen. Die Ergebnisse werden dann ethisch hinsichtlich negativer Auswirkungen von Microtargeting beurteilt.
Der Werklohn beim Bauwerkvertrag
Authors: Danner Melanie
Published: March 2024

Das Entgelt ist das zentrale Thema bei Bauwerkverträgen. <Auch durch noch so sorgfältige Planung kann in der Regel nicht verhindert werden, dass sich der Werklohn in der Ausführungsphase erhöht. Aufgrund von Leistungsänderungen, Bauablaufstörungen und Mengenmehrungen kommt es sehr häufig zu Mehrkostenforderungen des Werkunternehmers. Diese sind deshalb die „causa prima“ aller Baujuristen. In diesem Buch werden die Rechtsfragen, welche sich zum Werklohn stellen, umfassend behandelt. Dieses Werk untersucht eingehend und besonders praxisnah Mehrkostenforderungen, Preismodelle, Kostenvoranschlag, Sphärenabgrenzung, Mengenmehrung sowie Mengenminderung, den widersprüchlichen Werkvertrag, Abbestellungsrecht des Werkbestellers, Nachteilsabgeltung, Sittenwidrigkeit von entgeltrelevanten Klauseln, Schutzmechanismen in Verbraucherverträgen. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf das Zusammenspiel von ABGB und ÖNORM B 2110 gelegt.
Der Wille als Ursache
Authors: Celik Eytan
Published: March 2024

According to Kant, the proof of free will forms the "Schlussstein" of a coherent system of theoretical and practical philosophy. Still, in the current debate it is controversial whether he has succeeded in proving this. This thesis argues for a coherent reading of Kant's philosophy and, with the concept of cause, has identified a connecting element that builds a bridge between Kant's theoretical and practical philosophy. To this end, the first part of the thesis traces the "deduction" of the concept of cause in theoretical terms, and the second part justifies its practical extension to the will, in order to derive an argument for freedom of the will. In this context, topics such as self-deception and the meaning of authenticity, as well as Hume's influence on Kant and the concept of transcendental freedom are also elaborated in detail.
Die Haftung von Zertifizierungsgesellschaften
Authors: Morath Yannick
Published: March 2024

Die Zertifikate von privatrechtlich organisierten Zertifizierungsgesellschaften über Produkte, Dienstleistungen und Unternehmen spielen im heutigen Wirtschaftsleben eine zentrale Rolle. Sie bieten Verbrauchern, Handelspartnern und staatlichen Aufsichtsbehörden eine zuverlässige Informationsquelle über den zertifizierten Gegenstand. Im Falle gesetzlich vorgeschriebener Zertifizierungen bilden sie regelmäßig die Voraussetzung für den Zugang zum Binnenmarkt. Die hohe Komplexität der Konformitätsprüfung wirft Fragen nach der zivilrechtlichen Haftung der Zertifizierungsgesellschaften auf. Dabei muss sowohl die Haftung gegenüber den Auftraggebern als auch gegenüber vertragsfremden Dritten in den Blick genommen werden. Aufgrund bestehender Haftungsunterschiede im nationalen Recht kommt der international-privatrechtlichen Behandlung derartiger Fälle eine zentrale, oftmals fallentscheidende Bedeutung zu. Angesichts der grenzüberschreitenden Tätigkeit der Zertifizierungsgesellschaften sowie der anhaltenden Beliebtheit des Instruments der privaten Zertifizierung besteht in der Praxis ein großes Interesse an Rechtssicherheit hinsichtlich dieser haftungs- und kollisionsrechtlichen Fragestellungen.
Kosmopoetik
Authors: Pohlmeyer Markus
Published: March 2024

Wie Schöpfung denken?

Vom Rig-Veda über die Genesis zu Dietrich Bonhoeffer.

Wie Dichtung schaffen?

Archilochos (Ich), Lukrez (Atome), Horaz (Humor), Vergil (Bienen), Ovid (Sterne) und Sulpicia (Dramen der Liebe).

Wie als Dichter auch Philosoph, Theologe und im Widerstand sein?

Hölderlin (Sein gegen Nichts), Kierkegaard (Trost in der Trostlosigkeit) und Hermann Broch (humanitas gegen Barbarentum).
Medicinal Herbs and Probiotics: Antioxidant Activities for Damaged DNA Protection and Cytotoxicity toward Cancer Treatment
Authors: Nguyen Tu
Published: March 2024

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidation and antioxidant responses caused by the accumulation of free radicals in the body. Cells produce free radicals that cause oxidative damage such as aging, atherosclerosis, arthritis, cancer, and neurological diseases. Antioxidants are substances that can neutralize free radicals, thereby reducing the damage to the body. Antioxidants are classified as synthetic and natural antioxidants. Natural products, mainly extracted from some medicinal plants, have strong antioxidant activity and low toxicity and side effects. Moreover, antioxidant activities are also detected in probiotics. Therefore, this chapter summarized the roles of antioxidants and then suggested antioxidants from natural sources have good prospects in the prevention and treatment of various diseases related to oxidative stress. In this study, antioxidant activities were mentioned in plants such as Basella alba, Cistanche sp., and representative probiotics such as Bifidobacterium breve ATCC 15700, Lactobacillus rhamnosus PN04, and Lactococcus lactis PN05 which could serve in DNA damage protection and cytotoxicity oriented for cancer treatment. With the results obtained in these medicinal herbs and probiotics, the antioxidant activities of more and more medicinal herbs and probiotics should be exploited in health care and pharmaceutical product development.
Navigational Experiences of Five Mexican Immigrant Mothers in U.S. Schools: Introducing Communal Capital
Authors: Yrigollen-Robbins Michelle
Published: March 2024

This qualitative study highlights the experiences of how five Latina immigrant mothers use their community cultural wealth (CCW) to settle in metro Atlanta. Data was generated over 3 years through semi-structured interviews. The participants’ testimonios collected from the interviews were deductively analyzed apriori by focusing on evidence of the six proposed elements of CCW revealed in their immigration stories. I found these women not only used the six components of CCW but also used what I term “communal capital”—the reliance on neighbors as cultivated through their relationships with strangers who lived in the same residential (apartment) dwellings. This study highlights the theory of communal capital as a tool that suggests how to research Latino immigrant communities in the United States.
A Case for the Neuroprotective Potential of African Phytochemicals in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ben-Azu Benneth , Marvellous Oghorodi Akpobo , Oritsemuelebi Benjamin , Oyinyechuckwu Chidebe Emmanuel
Published: March 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized of cognitive dysfunction. AD is believed to be a global menace with an estimated fourfold increase in prevalence by the year 2050. This increasing prevalence is linked to the unavailability of efficient treatment to halt the disease progression. While several hypotheses have been postulated on AD, oxidative stress, a state of an imbalance between antioxidant and free radical generation, has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-dependent late-onset AD. This state induces cognitive decline by stimulating neuronal damage, notably involving increased free radical production, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Pharmacological agents used in AD management have serious adverse effects and inability to halt disease progression. This has led to the emergence of naturally occurring neuroprotective phytochemical agents and herbal supplements as therapeutic option agents. Indeed, emerging studies have revealed the neuroprotective potential of different African herbal products, containing bioflavonoid compounds with central nervous system permeability and high antioxidant actions. Given this background, this chapter aims to discuss some of these African antioxidant bioflavonoids\\nutraceuticals, their neuroprotective functions against different epigenetic-derived oxidative stress, and ways ahead to facilitate their translation from “bench to bedside” as primary intervention or co-adjuvant therapies for AD treatment.
The Utilization of Prairie-Based Blend Pellet Products Combined with Newly Commercial Phytochemicals (Feed Additives) to Mitigate Ruminant Methane Emission and Improve Animal Performance
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Eugenia Rodriguez Espinosa Maria , Yan Xiaogang , Theodoridou Katerina , Samadi  , Peng Quanhui , Feng Bin , Zhang Weixian , He Jiangfeng , Yu Peiqiang
Published: March 2024

The objective of this review is to comprehensively upbring the development potency of value-added pellet products from prairie industry by-products or co-products in combination with newly developed hydrolysable tannins (HT) and saponin to mitigate ruminant methane emission and improve the productivity of ruminant animals. The prairie region often produced plentiful amount of co-products and by-products that still have nutritional properties and can be utilized as ruminant feed to keep the sustainability in the agriculture sector. In ruminants, rumen microbial fermentation produces methane (CH4) as one of the outputs that can cause energy loss and act as a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) in the open atmosphere. Recently, the newly developed HT extracted from nutgall (Gallae chinensis) and saponin extracted from tea (Camellia sinensis) products are commercially available at affordable prices and are able to reduce methane emissions. Reducing methane emissions is vital to aid and support carbon reduction goals, but it must be accomplished while preserving and increasing business, maximizing profit, and providing economic return and benefit to pulse, cereal, and oil-crop growers. In conclusion, the prairie unused product combined with the aforementioned phytochemicals can be developed as a new pellet product. However, further research may be needed to determine the most effective additive levels of both saponin and HT products due to their anti-nutritional abilities while maintaining and improving livestock productivity.
Organoid Intelligence: Bridging Artificial Intelligence for Biological Computing and Neurological Insights
Authors: Ballav Sangeeta , Ranjan Amit , Sur Shubhayan , Basu Soumya
Published: March 2024

Brain organoid implications have opened vast avenues in the realm of interdisciplinary research, particularly in the growing field of organoid intelligence (OI). A brain organoid is a three-dimensional (3D), lab-grown structure that mimics certain aspects of the human brain organization and function. The integration of organoid technology with computational methods to enhance the understanding of organoid behavior and to predict their responses to various stimuli is known as OI. The ability of brain organoids to adapt and memorize, is a key area of exploration. OI encapsulates the confluence of breakthroughs in stem cell technology, bioengineering, and artificial intelligence (AI). This chapter delves deep into the myriad potentials of OI, encompassing an enhanced understanding of human cognitive functions, and achieving significant biological computational proficiencies. Such advancements stand to offer a unique complementarity to conventional computing methods. The implications of brain organoids in the OI sphere signify a transformative stride towards a more intricate grasp of the human brain and its multifaceted intricacies. The intersection of biology and machine learning is a rapidly evolving field that is reshaping our understanding of life and health. This convergence is driving advancements in numerous areas, including genomics, drug discovery, personalized medicine, and synthetic biology.
FORMULASI DAN UJI EVALUASI SEDIAAN POMADE DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PARE YANG DIKOMBINASIKAN DENGAN LIDAH BUAYA
Authors: Maulana Ilham , Firmasyah Azhari , Saputra Reza Pratama , Ananda Resa Aulia
Published: March 2024

Kosmetik pomade digunakan oleh pria pada rambutnya agar terlihat lebih menawan. Namun terkadang dapat terjadi kemerahan, rontok, kering dan berketombe jika tidak cocok dengan produknya. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan formulasi pomade dari daun pare (Momordica charantia) dan lidah buaya (Aloe vera var. chinensis) yang dapat menggantikan penggunaan bahan-bahan kimia sintetis pomade sebagai zat aktifnya serta menguji evaluasi sediaannya yang merupakan tujuan penelitian ini.
Metode penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental, yaitu berupa formulasi pomade dengan ekstrak daun pare dan lidah buaya segar. formulasi 1 dengan perbandingan 10%:15%, formulasi 2 dengan konsentrasi 15%:20% dan formulasi 3 dengan konsentrasi 20%:20%. Daun pare dan lidah buaya segar dilakukan ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji evaluasi sediaan yang terdiri dari tiga uji yaitu uji homogenitas, uji pH dan uji organoleptis.
Hasil yang didapat adalah sebuah pomade berbentuk semi padat beraroma harum dan homogen. Diantara ketiga formulasi, formulasi 2 dan 3 memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dan memenuhi syarat evaluasi sediaan.
The Effect of Media Posters PENGARUH MEDIA POSTER TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAGUSIBU OBAT PADA KELUARGADI DESA KRAMATMULYA KABUPATEN KUNINGAN
Authors: Santoso Aman Budi , Fauziah Alvina Iza , Fauzia Rizki Rahmah
Published: March 2024

DAGUSIBU obat usaha untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai signifikansi dalam memahami penggunaan obat secara bijaksana tujuannya untuk menyokong wawasan dan pemahaman diri masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pemakaian obat yang rasional. Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan utama. Pertama, untuk memahami tingkat pengetahuan tentang DAGUSIBU obat sebelum dan setelah diberikan informasi dengan media poster. Kedua, untuk menilai dampak dari penyampain informasi dengan menggunakan media poster terhadap tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terkait obat DAGUSIBU dalam keluarga di Desa Kramatmulya Kabupaten Kuningan. Cara pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yakni Purposive sampling yang diterapkan terhadap 84 responden masyarakat di Desa Kramatmulya Kabupaten Kuningan, serta alat penelitian yang digunakan berupa kuesioner. Analisa data yang dilakukan dengan Uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat setelah pemberian poster obat DAGUSIBU dari 53,09% (pengetahuan cukup) menjadi 76,96% (pengetahuan baik). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data Uji T (Paired Sample Test) menunjukkan sig (0,00>0,05) sehingga terdapat perbedaan penegtahuan antara sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan media poster. Kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh pemberian poster terhadap tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap DAGUSIBU di Desa Kramatmulya, Kabupaten Kuningan
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FORMULA SABUN PADAT EKSTRAK BIJI ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Haryati Eti , Nurpatmawati Nurpatmawati , Lapekoli Elfarida
Published: March 2024

Biji alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, saponin, dan tannin yang merupakan komponen aktif sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri sabun padat ekstrak biji alpukat terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli, dan berapa konsentrasi yang paling efektif memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang paling besar terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi sabun padat ekstrak biji alpukat berupa variabel X1 yaitu 10%, variabel X2 yaitu 15%, variabel X3 yaitu 20% dan kontrol positif yaitu sabun padat Dettol. Data aktivitas antibakteri dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analisis varian satu arah (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian uji aktivitas antibakteri formula sabun padat ekstrak biji alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) diperoleh pada X1 (10%) dengan zona bening sebesar 2,55 mm, pada X2 (15%) dengan zona bening sebesar 4,33 mm, pada X3 (20%) dengan zona bening sebesar 7,09 mm, pada kontrol positif dengan zona bening sebesar 9,05 mm dan kontrol negatif dengan zona bening 0 mm. Kesimpulan diperoleh bahwa sediaan sabun padat ekstrak biji alpukat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dengan nilai sig F hitung (134,344) > F tabel (2,95). Sabun padat ekstrak biji alpukat konsentrasi 20% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling besar terhadap Escherichia coli dengan nilai sig 0,000 < 0,05.
Pendampingan Progam Penyusunan Artikel Ilmiah bagi Siswa MA Unggulan K.H. Abd. Wahab Hasbulloh Bahrul Ulum Tambakberas Jombang melalui Strategi Service-Learning
Authors: Arif Miftakhul
Published: March 2024

The writing ability of Indonesian students is generally low. It was marked by the lack of young writers in Indonesia who are able to produce scientific papers. Madrasah Aliyah Featured K.H. Abd. Wahab Hasbulloh (MAUWH) Bahrul Ulum Tambakberas Jombang is one of the boarding school-based formal education institutions that are committed to printing students to have the ability to write scientific articles. With a service-learning approach, community mentoring activities in MAUWH aims to (1) develop a program of writing scientific articles in the assisted community environment; and (2) improving the ability of assisted participants in preparing scientific articles. This community assistance activity is carried out through three stages, namely pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation. Through the involvement of internal and external stakeholders, this community assistance activity succeeded in developing a scientific article writing program at MAUWH. It was marked by the drafting of the guidebook for writing scientific articles, the publication of the Journal El-Hijaz with the OJS (Open Journal System) System, and the output of scientific research in the form of journal articles.
PELATIHAN APLIKASI LINKZ UNTUK PENGOLAHAN DATA INVENTARIS USAHA MIKRO BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Yasir Hasan  , Pristiwanto Pristiwanto , Abdul Sani Sembiring
Published: March 2024

Hampir setiap manusia sudah menggunakan perangkat komputer. Walau bentuk komputernya bukan untuk komputer yang digunakan pada pekerjaan kantoran. Komputer yang selalu berkembang lebih banyak digunakan untuk keperluan komunikasi dan hiburan. Komputer ini adalah smartphone android yang bersifat mobile, portable, dan cheap. Smartphone android memiliki teknologi yang tidak kalah dengan komputer PC, bahkan untuk pemakaian pribadi spesifikasi komputer android lebih tinggi dari pada komputer PC. Banyak pengguna android tidak mengetahui fungsi lebih dari teknologi smartphone android tersebut ataupun teknologi dan layanannya belum tersedia di lingkungan pengguna. Seperti penerapannya untuk pengolahan data inventaris, penjualan, dan bahkan akuntansi. Di PlayStore perangkat android banyak tersedia aplikasi-aplikasi untuk pengolahan data tersebut dengan berbagai jenis fungsi dan keperluan yang sama dengan komputer PC. Penggunaan smartphone android sebagai perangkat yang difungsikan untuk mengolah data inventaris dianggap sangat tepat dikarenakan dalam smartphone android fungsi dan layanan untuk keperluan tersebut include, intregrate, and usability.
Cross-Racial Voicing: Carl Van Vechten’s Imagination and the Search for an African American Ethos
Authors: Holmes David G.
Published: March 2024

The author uses a discussion of Van Vechten’s Nigger Heaven to argue that cross-racial voicing on the part of white writers may in fact express an attempt to acknowledge and perhaps explore the rhetorical efficacy of a black ethos. At the same time, the author suggests that English studies scholars of all races need to create forums where cross-racial voicing can be explored, that white English professors must continue to interrogate hegemonic attempts to control and colonize African American discourse, and that teachers should design assignments that help students gain insights into the historical and contemporary struggles blacks face to characterize their own discursive practices.
Reading Aloud: The Moby-Dick Marathon
Authors: Ross William David , Hunter Alyce , Chazanow Leon
Published: March 2024

William David Ross, Alyce Hunter, and Leon Chazanow describe a unique high school literary event: an all-day read-aloud of Moby-Dick, organized and run by the students. The authors discuss the challenges and benefits of undertaking such a project.
Getting Inside S. E. Hinton’s The Outsiders
Authors: Gillespie Joanne S.
Published: March 2024

The Outsiders continues to be relevant to adolescents, opening discussions on acceptance, rejection, and stereotyping. Middle school teacher Joanne S. Gillespie describes her unit on the novel, which includes art projects, blogging, and student-generated questions.
Why Is the Sky Blue? Using Children’s Questions to Motivate Research
Authors: Teitelbaum Deb
Published: March 2024

Deb Teitelbaum approaches the research project as a means of answering questions rather than simply teaching a process. High school juniors start by brainstorming questions they would have asked as small children and then use research to produce a children’s book answering the question.
Research Paper Baby Steps
Authors: Pfaffinger Kathryn A.
Published: March 2024

To increase student success with the traditional research paper, Kathryn A. Pfaffinger first assigns a short, highly prescribed paper. She teaches three specific skills—identifying sources, taking notes, and synthesizing information—that students apply to writing a five-hundred-word research paper.
Teaching the Research Paper for Local Action
Authors: Borsheim Carlin , Petrone Robert
Published: March 2024

Carlin Borsheim and Robert Petrone describe a research paper unit that focuses on social action at the local level. High school sophomores begin by critically examining their school and community to develop topics of real interest to them and then create a document usable for promoting positive change.
EJ in Focus: Collaboration and Social Interaction in English Classrooms
Authors: DeCosta Meredith , Clifton Jennifer , Roen Duane
Published: March 2024

The authors provide theoretical bases for collaboration in the classroom and discuss a rich array of new technologies that enable collaborative activities for students.
Cross-Level Collaboration: Students and Teachers Learning from Each Other
Authors: Phegley Missy Nieveen , Oxford Janelle
Published: March 2024

High school students and college students use online tools to respond to each other’s writing.
Using Regional American Short Stories to Promote Student Collaboration
Authors: Smyth Theoni Soublis , Hansen Angela
Published: March 2024

The authors suggest methods and works that can engage students in geographically organized US literature.
Mentoring Matters: Mentoring by Modeling: Informal Self-Evaluation Methods
Authors: Spangler Susan
Published: March 2024

“Mentoring Matters” focuses on effective ways to support new English teachers and student teachers.
Changing Our Minds/Changing the World: The Power of a Question
Authors: Laman Tasha Tropp
Published: March 2024

This article examines the curricular possibilities within critical inquiry-based primary classrooms. The children in this first through third grade multi-age, multi-lingual classroom participated in a two-year critical and collaborative inquiry around issues of segregation and the Jim Crow laws. A touchstone text, Freedom Summer (Wiles, 2001) and a critical reading strategy (Christensen, 2004) offered students opportunities to interrogate the cultural models that underpin the picture book, their interpretations of the book, and their social worlds. Findings from this study indicate that pivotal moments are key to learning and that read-aloud events go beyond community building. The study also examines the use of touchstone texts and positions critical reading strategies as tools for thinking. The findings from this article contribute to the growing body of research demonstrating the engagement of very young children in critical literacy and inquiry.
Announcing the Alan C. Purves Award Winner (Volume 39)
Authors: Allen Deborah , Heffernan Lee , Norton Nadjwa , West Kathleen , Williams Judith
Published: March 2024

Members of the Alan C. Purves Award Committee introduce the winner of the award for Volume 39 of Research in the Teaching of English, Mollie Blackburn. Her winning article is entitled “Disrupting Dichotomies for Social Change: A Review of, Critique of, and Complement to Current Educational Literacy Scholarship on Gender”; it was published in May 2005.
On Saying It Right (Write): "Fix-Its" in the Foundations of Learning to Write
Authors: Dyson Anne Haas
Published: March 2024

The basics of child writing, as traditionally conceived, involve “neutral” conventions for organizing and encoding language. This “basic” notion of a solid foundation for child writing is itself situated in a fluid world of cultural and linguistic diversity and rapidly changing literacy practices.
Orality And Literacy: A Symposium In Honor Of David Olson: Oral Discourse In a World of Literacy
Authors: Olson David R.
Published: March 2024

Preeminent scholar David Olson opens this symposium with a reflection on the decades-long debate concerning the relationship between written and oral discourse. His essay is followed by a series of responses by leading literacy researchers, including David Bloome, Anne Haas Dyson, James Paul Gee, Martin Nystrand, Victoria Purcell-Gates, and Gordon Wells. The symposium concludes with a further essay by Professor Olson, in which he offers his reflections on these scholars’ comments and looks to the continuing conversation.
Orality And Literacy: A Symposium In Honor Of David Olson: Literacy in a Child’s World of Voices, or, The Fine Print of Murder and Mayhem
Authors: Dyson Anne Haas
Published: March 2024

Preeminent scholar David Olson opens this symposium with a reflection on the decades-long debate concerning the relationship between written and oral discourse. His essay is followed by a series of responses by leading literacy researchers, including David Bloome, Anne Haas Dyson, James Paul Gee, Martin Nystrand, Victoria Purcell-Gates, and Gordon Wells. The symposium concludes with a further essay by Professor Olson, in which he offers his reflections on these scholars’ comments and looks to the continuing conversation.
Editors Introduction: The Joy of Study
Authors: DiPardo Anne , Sperling Melanie
Published: March 2024

This issue of Research in the Teaching of English offers an array of perspectives that, like the discipline of English language arts itself, hit some recurrent notes but tend toward a kind of choral complexity.
Sources of Writing Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Elementary, Middle, and High School Students
Authors: Pajares Frank , J. Johnson Margaret , Usher Ellen L.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Albert Bandura’s four hypothesized sources of self-efficacy on students’ writing self-efficacy beliefs (N = 1256) and to explore how these sources differ as a function of gender and academic level (elementary, middle, high). Consistent with the tenets of self-efficacy theory, each of the sources significantly correlated with writing self-efficacy and with each other.
Taking a Reading/Writing Intervention for Secondary English Language Learners on the Road: Lessons Learned from the Pathway Project
Authors: Olson Carol Booth , Land Robert
Published: March 2024

These two recipients of this year’s Alan C. Purves Award reflect on their work (reported in RTE Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 269â€“303) on “A Cognitive Strategies Approach to Reading and Writing Instruction for English Language Learners in Secondary School” and the lessons they learned from their original research study as they tried to replicate the project in two additional districts outside their service area, to determine if the implications of their study would hold beyond the local context. The Alan C. Purves Award is given to the RTE article in the previous volume year judged most likely to impact educational practice
Beyond Exposure: The Uses of Informational Texts in a Second Grade Classroom
Authors: Maloch Beth
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the uses of informational texts within an ethnically diverse, second grade classroom and how the teacher carefully scaffolded students’ developing understandings about these texts. A community of practice theoretical framework was employed to better understand the ways in which informational texts were embedded within the larger classroom community (Lave&Wenger, 1991).
Rewriting Writers Workshop: Creating Safe Spaces for Disruptive Stories
Authors: Lewison Heffernan Mitzi Lewison Lee
Published: March 2024

This article explores a third-grade teacher’s use of critical writing pedagogy to encourage students’ exploration of issues that were important in their lives from personal as well as social perspectives.
Growing Research Practices: Expanding Our Communities and Our Conversations
Authors: Maloch Beth
Published: March 2024

Beth Maloch reflects on her Alan Purves Award-winning article, which was chosen because of its demonstration of the ability of one teacher to make a difference in young students’ use of informational texts to develop complex, literate lives.
Writing with Visual Images: Examining the Video Composition Processes of High School Students
Authors: Bruce David L
Published: March 2024

This teacher-researcher study explored the manner in which students created video compositions in a secondary English language arts media studies program. The study found that video composition is a complex, recursive process that allows for sequential multimodal representation of thoughts and ideas. Four areas are addressed: video allows for the expansion of compositional choices, demonstrates the verisimilitude of students’ initial concept to videotaped image, highlights the visuality in students’ re-presentations of ideas, and provides research methodological considerations.
Standpoints: Researching and Teaching English in the Digital Dimension
Authors: Kirkland David E.
Published: March 2024

David E. Kirkland argues that our understanding of literate practice in relation to space needs to be radically reworked to account for new digital dimensions that are dispersed, discontinuous, and yet deeply woven into everyday and institutional worlds. His account highlights the way these digital spaces pepper the official landscape of schooling, fracturing the dominance of official discourse as students’ diverse linguistic, literate, and semiotic practices infuse this complex composite space.
Analyzing Voice in the Writing of Chinese Teachers of English
Authors: Spalding Elizabeth , Wang Jian , Lin Emily , Hu Guangwei
Published: March 2024

This study explored how voice developed in the English writing of 57 Chinese teachers of English who participated in a three-week writing workshop during a summer institute in a large, urban school district in southeastern China. Teachers from grades 3 through 12 wrote daily in English in a workshop environment. Primary data sources were pre- and post-workshop writing samples. Supporting data included various teacher writings completed in the course of the workshop, daily written reflections, a final essay exam, anonymous course evaluations, and biographical and professional surveys. The pre- and post-workshop writing samples were assessed using the 6 + 1 TraitÂ® analytical model of scoring writing (Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, 2006). Scoring showed that the teachers’ writing improved significantly in the course of the institute, but the greatest gain was made in the trait of “voice””the distinctive, individual way in which a writer speaks to a reader. This finding will be considered in light of the current direction of educational reform in China and of current debates over the value of teaching voice in diverse writing contexts. The study had implications for the teaching of writing to English language learners and for the professional development of teachers of writing, including those who teach English as a Foreign Language.
Ventriloquation in Discussions of Student Writing: Examples from a High School English Class
Authors: Lewis Samuelson Beth
Published: March 2024

This study examines discussions of model papers in a high school Advanced Placement English classroom where students were preparing for a high-stakes writing assessment. Much of the current research on talk about writing in various contexts such as classroom discourse, teacher-student writing conferences, and peer tutoring has emphasized the social and constructive nature of instructional discourse. Building on this work, the present study explored how talk about writing also takes on a performative function, as speakers accent or point to the features of the context that are most significant ideologically. Informed by perspectives on the emergent and mediated nature of discourse, this study found that the participants used ventriloquation to voice the aspects of the essays that they considered to be most important, and that these significant chunks were often aphorisms about the test essay. The teacher frequently ventriloquated raters, while the students often ventriloquated themselves or the teacher. The significance of ventriloquation is not just that it helps to mediate the generic conventions of timed student essays; it also mediates social positioning by helping the speakers to present themselves and others in flexible ways. This study also raises questions about the ways that ventriloquation can limit the ways that students view academic writing.
Sharing the Tacit Rhetorical Knowledge of the Literary Scholar: The Effects of Making Disciplinary Conventions Explicit in Undergraduate Writing about Literature Courses
Authors: Wilder Laura , Wolfe Joanna
Published: March 2024

The ethics and efficacy of explicitly teaching disciplinary discourse conventions to undergraduate students has been hotly debated. This quasi-experimental study seeks to contribute to these debates by focusing on the conventional special topoi of literary analysis”conventions that previous Writing in the Disciplines (WID) research indicates are customarily tacitly imparted to literature students. We compare student writing and questionnaires from seven sections of Writing about Literature providing explicit instruction in these disciplinary conventions to those from nine sections taught using traditional methods. We examine whether explicit instruction in disciplinary conventions helps students produce rhetorically effective discourse, whether English professors prefer student discourse that uses these conventions, and whether explicit instruction in disciplinary conventions hampers student expression, enjoyment, and engagement. Five English professors who rated the student essays gave higher ratings to essays that engaged the special topoi of their discipline. Furthermore, they significantly preferred the essays written by students who had received explicit instruction in these topoi. Meanwhile, students who received explicit instruction in the special topoi of literary analysis indicated comparable, often higher levels, of engagement, enjoyment, and perceived opportunities for self-expression to those students who experienced the course’s traditional pedagogy. These findings suggest several implications for WID instruction and research relating to student and faculty professionalization in higher education.
Reading Lolita in Tehran Leads to Reading, Writing, Drawing, Painting, Sewing, and Thinking in Saranac Lake, New York
Authors: Filler Shir
Published: March 2024

A dream literature class grew into an artistic and critical garden in which students’ and instructor’s thinking flowered.
Instructional Note: Grammar Instruction in the Land of Curosity and Delight
Authors: Pettersen Nancy-Laurel
Published: March 2024

This article describes two strategies for grounding grammar instruction in students’ lifelong experience as users of language. In both cases, students participate as active decision-makers in the process of analyzing conventions of language use.
Using Niche-Market Magazines to Teach Audience
Authors: Tichenor Stuart
Published: March 2024

Asking them to analyze the content in specialized magazines is a good way to teach students the meaning and importance of audience.
Cooperative Learning and Second Language Acquisition in First-Year Composition: Opportunities for Authentic Communication among English Language Learners
Authors: Mason Katherine
Published: March 2024

In an ESL first-year composition classroom, cooperative learning assists English language learners in developing their ideas, voice, organization, and sense of writing conventions, while simultaneously enhancing their production and comprehension of English.
Instructional Notes: Words to Voice: Three Approaches for Student Self-Evaluation
Authors: Diltz Sr. Judith
Published: March 2024

Three approaches—engaging first-year writers in naming strengths and weaker areas, determining descriptors that fit their various compositions, and applying a rubric that details all the grade-determinant components—serve to give students the vocabulary they need to wrap their voices around words and to describe their learning.
Bias and the Teachable Moment: Revisiting a Teacher Narrative
Authors: Crovitz Darren
Published: March 2024

Revisiting an episode of his own biased language in the classroom, the author tries to resist a conventional interpretation of events in the hope of raising useful questions.
A Creative Approach to the Research Paper: Combining Creative Writing with Academic Research
Authors: Blue Tim
Published: March 2024

This article describes a combination of a research essay and a creative writing assignment that encourages rigorous academic research while allowing students to get “outside the box” of traditional academic research papers.
Instructional Notes: Literature of Survival: A Literature Class as a Place for Healing
Authors: Dailey Kate
Published: March 2024

This article explores the ways that a literature course with a focus on survival stories can provide students with models for their own survival and healing.
Novices Encounter a Novice Literature: Introducing Digital Literature in a First-Year College Writing Class
Authors: Daemmrich Ingrid G.
Published: March 2024

Introducing Web-based literary hypertexts in an introductory writing course motivates students to ponder both the changing techniques of writing and reading and their own attitudes toward these two interrelated activities in a wholly new way. Evaluating a novice literature launches novice readers and writers on a journey to becoming “experts” at facing with confidence the many challenges that college and life will bring, including a fundamentally new approach to reading and writing.
TYCA and the Struggle for a National Voice: 1991–1993
Authors: Andelora Jeffrey
Published: March 2024

In the early 1990s, a small group of dedicated two-year college English faculty, led by Helon Raines, began the fight for the Two-Year College English Association (TYCA), a professional organization that would give two-year college English faculty across the nation a respected identity and voice within the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE).
Look Who’s Talking: Discourse Analysis, Discussion, and Initiation-Response-Evaluation Patterns in the College Classroom
Authors: Neal Maureen
Published: March 2024

In this article, an analysis and critique of one small but pedagogically significant component of classroom discourse (instructors’ use of long-familiar questioning routines in whole-group classroom discussion) is used to support the larger argument that analysis of classroom discourse at the college level offers many valuable ways to reflect on, and transform, our teaching.
Forging a National Identity: TYCA and the Two-Year College Teacher-Scholar
Authors: Andelora Jeffrey
Published: March 2024

This final essay in the series evaluates TYCA’s achievements since its inception, in particular its research and scholarship agenda.
Instructional Note: Creating a Community of Learners through a Class Archive
Authors: Cotugno Marianne
Published: March 2024

The article argues for the creative use of archives in the classroom as a way of building a community of learners.
Requiring First-Year Writing Classes to Visit the Writing Center: Bad Attitudes or Positive Results?
Authors: Gordon Barbara Lynn
Published: March 2024

The attempt of writing center consultants to discourage faculty from requiring classes to visit the writing center led to research that calls this longstanding practice into question.
Instructional Note: Linking Composition and Literature through Metagenres: Using Business Sales Letters in First-Year English
Authors: Devet Bonnie
Published: March 2024

By rewriting a sales letter about a short story into a literary analysis, first-year composition students not only learn rhetorical principles that are sometimes lost in a literature-based composition course but also discover the metagenres linking disciplines.
Connect: Breaking Down Barriers in Public Higher Education
Authors: Olendzenski Michael
Published: March 2024

This article describes the development of collegiality and the positive results of professional synergy within a group of English professors from three community colleges, a state college, a university, and a maritime academy in southeastern Massachusetts.
Review Cross Talk: A Series of Reviewer and Author Comments on Anne Beaufort’s College Writing and Beyond: A New Framework for University Writing
Authors: Brender Linda , Klausman Jeffrey , Beaufort Anne
Published: March 2024

What if two reviewers read and reviewed the same book and then commented on the review written by the other? And what if the book author could then respond to their entire exchange?
Instructional Note: Speaking of Sentences: Chunking
Authors: Wichman Nanette
Published: March 2024

The author offers a new strategy for working with sentences in college composition that prompts students to access and apply their native grammatical abilities.
Instructional Note: Here We Go ’Round and ’Round: A Process of Peer Evaluation
Authors: Engbers Susanna Kelly
Published: March 2024

This article describes a process of peer evaluation that is aimed at developing students’ sense of audience and at elevating the status of peer reviewers, whose opinions on successful writing are too often viewed as less trustworthy than those of their instructors.
Crossing Over into Language Exploration
Authors: Shafer Gregory
Published: March 2024

This essay explores the diverse uses, misperceptions, and passionate convictions about African American Vernacular among college students, revealing its complicated relevance to our culture.
Instructional Note: “Spotlighting”: Peer-Response in Digitally Supported First-Year Writing Courses
Authors: Strasma Kip
Published: March 2024

Peer-response remains a central process in first-year composition; faculty can make it effective and efficient by “spotlighting”—designing the process as digital, emergent, and distributive.
Imagining Better Futures: Standing TAWL Together
Authors: Sluys Katie Van , Shapiro Elizabeth , Mehlberg Lindsay , Galfi Shannon
Published: March 2024

Three new teachers and a university faculty member form a TAWL (Teachers Applying Whole Language) group to share experiences, inquire, support each other, and collectively challenge the status quo in English language arts classrooms.
What Students Want Writing Teachers to Know: A Readers Theatre Based on Longitudinal Listening, Grades 3-12
Authors: Casey Mara , Hemenway Stephen I.
Published: March 2024

Written in the form of a readers theatre, this article follows two students, Rose and Marshall, and some of their teachers, from third through twelfth grade. The students were interviewed every two years from third grade through high school for their thoughts about writing
Building Community in a “New” Professional Development School
Authors: Henkin Roxanne , Davis Lorri
Published: March 2024

As part of the NCTE Reading Initiative, the authors served as the staff developers for a three-year professional development program at a new elementary school. Here they share their insights on building community among the participants in the program.