bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cabbage and Basil intercropping on conservative biological control of Aphids
Authors: Jahnke Simone Mundstock , Redaelli Luiza Rodrigues , Pretz Viviane Falkembach
Published: September 2023

Conservative biological control seeks to preserve beneficial organisms as the natural enemies of pests through habitat management. These studies aimed to measure the potential of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in the biological control of aphids in green cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala); and to evaluate the influence of the intercropping on green cabbage productivity. In an organic commercial crop of green cabbage in Águas Claras, RS, basil was used as an associated border (BB) and contrasted with plants in beds with no border (WB). We compared Aphididae density and parasitism, in the spring/summer seasons of 2016 and autumn/winter of 2017. Brevicoryne brassicae L. and Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera, Aphididae) were recorded in the green cabbage, in 2016. A mean of 13.8 ± 8.72 aphids/leaf was recorded in the WB, significantly higher than in the BB, 3.4 ± 1.83 (Tukey 5% p = 0.00002). In the 2017 season, this difference was not significant at 10.3 ± 12.73 (WB) and 6.9 ± 11.34 (BB). The mean of parasitized aphids was 2.8 ± 2.84 in WB and 9.9 ± 2.87 BB (p = 0.0041) in the spring crop and 2.9 ± 4.10 (WB) and 14.25 ± 7.3 (BB) in the winter (p = 0.0039). The association of green cabbage and basil had an area equivalence index (AEI) in 2016 = 1.07 and 2017 = 0.99 indicating that basil did not affect green cabbage yield.
The potential of utilisation of birch bark suberinic acid residues as a component of the adhesive mass for bonding of wood composites
Authors: Gumowska Aneta , Kowaluk Grzegorz
Published: September 2023

The aim of the investigation was to determine the effect of the different amounts of suberinic acid residues (SAR) (2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 50%) introduced as a hardener to the adhesive mass-based on urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin on the mechanical and physical properties of manufactured solid birch wood bonded samples. The produced samples were compared to samples bonded with industrial UF resin without the addition of SAR. The scope of the work was to determine the shear strength, the share of in-wood damage, the contact angle, and the surface free energy (SFE) for wood and suberinic acid (SAR). The results show that increasing from 2-5% of SAR to 20% of SAR in the adhesive mass is not justified as there are no statistically significant differences between the mean values of shear strength for these four variants (2SAR, 5SAR, 10SAR, 20SAR).
International Functional Economic Accounting and Calculation of Energy by Equivalent on the BRICS+ Platform
Authors: Bryndin Evgeniy
Published: September 2023

According to the forecast of the International Energy Agency (International Energy Agency), global demand for electricity by 2040 will increase by 70%. The global energy production and distribution industry must be restructured. The solution to the problem will be the transition to energy efficient technologies and international functional accounting and calculation of all types of energy in terms of energy equivalent on the BRICS + platform using digital platforms.
Distribution and chemotaxonomic significance of phenolic compounds in Spermacoce verticillata (L.) G. Mey.
Authors: Lima Iasmim C. , Nora Rosane , de Carvalho Mário G. , Chaves Douglas S.A.
Published: September 2023

Context: Spermacoce verticillata, known as “poaia and vassourinha de botão”, is a species widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic. It is a native species, small, upright perennial, and broadly distributed throughout Brazil. Until now, few chemical studies have focused on the phenolic composition of this species. Aims: Evaluate the phytochemical profile of phenolic compounds from Spermacoce verticillata and search new compounds that have chemotaxonomic significance. Methods: Leaves of S. verticillata were extracted using distilled water. The extract (SVL) was purified by several chromatography processes. Extract and compounds were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and NMR. Results: Phytochemical analysis led to identification, for the first time, of three compounds (1-3) for the specie. Chlorogenic acid (1) was identified by HPLC-DAD compared with reported in the literature. Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (2) and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (3) were isolated from butanolic fraction and identified by spectroscopic analysis comparison with data reported in the literature. The flavonoid rutin is the major compound in SVL followed by kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and chlorogenic acid. Conclusions: This is the first report for these compounds (1-3) in S. verticillata. The presence of these three new compounds indicates chemical markers of the species for this genus and family. This information is extremely important because increases the resources for chemotaxonomic classification of these species.
Neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of Thalassia testudinum extract BM-21, against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in mice
Authors: Menéndez Roberto , García Teidy , Garateix Anoland , Morales Ruth A. , Regalado Erik L. , Laguna Abilio , Valdés Olga , Fernández Miguel D.
Published: September 2023

Context: Acrylamide (ACR) neurotoxicity is associated with the enhancement of lipid peroxidation and the reduction of the antioxidative capacity distal axon and nerve terminal regions. The aqueous ethanolic extract of the marine plant Thalassia testudinum, named BM-21, have shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Aims: To determine the neuroprotective and the antioxidant effects of BM-21, standardized to thalassiolin B content (5.8 ± 0.9%), on acrylamide (ACR)-induced distal axonopathy in male OF-1 mice. Methods: Animals were administered with ACR (70 mg/kg, s.c., 4 weeks), and BM-21 was co-administered p.o at the doses of 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg. The effect of BM-21 on neurobehavioral indexes (rota-rod test), compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of the sciatic nerve and oxidative stress parameters were investigated. Results: BM-21 significantly prevented the neurobehavioral sings of neurotoxicity and the alteration of CMAP amplitude and velocity. The lowest dose (4 mg/kg) failed to ameliorate these parameters whereas the highest dose (400 mg/kg) was the most active. BM-21 (400 mg/kg) significantly restored total hydroperoxides (THP) and glutathione (GSH) in the sciatic nerve as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Additionally, the extract also modified THP, GSH and the activity of SOD in cerebellum and brain towards the standard values. Conclusions: BM-21 given at doses that prevented ACR-induced neurotoxicity also produced antioxidant effect in the sciatic nerve, cerebellum and brain. Thus, the neuroprotective activity of BM-21 in this model seems to be mediated at least partly by its antioxidative properties.
Evaluation of microbial and physico-chemical qualities of some cough syrups marketed in Sana’a city, Yemen
Authors: Al−Kaf Ali G. , Alghalibi Saeed M. , Edrees Wadhah H.
Published: September 2023

Context: Microbial contamination of cough syrups can bring clinical hazards to the users or patients as well as physical and chemical changes in the product. Aims: To evaluate the microbial and physicochemical characteristics of two hundred samples of four different types of cough syrups marketed in Sana’a city, Yemen. Methods: All collected samples were subjected to the following examinations: the total microbial count, type of isolated microorganisms, physical parameters, and concentration of active ingredients were identified and assessed by standard techniques described in US Pharmacopeia. Results: All the cough syrup samples used contained viable microbial load within acceptable limit according Pharmacopeia specifications. Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus fulvum, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most commonly recovered bacteria. However, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium notatum, Mucor sp., and Aspergillus flavus were the most fungi isolated. The physical properties represented in the appearance, density, and pH of the analyzed samples complied with Pharmacopoeia standards. The concentrations of diphenhydramine HCl (92,51 – 108,78%), pseudoephedrine HCl (94,55 – 109,07%), and triprolidine HCl (98,20 – 104,19%) were recorded. Conclusions: All cough syrups marketed in Sana’a City had good microbiological and physico-chemical qualities.
Nanocarriers for skin delivery of cosmetic antioxidants
Authors: Montenegro Lucia
Published: September 2023

The demand of natural skin care products is steadily growing since consumers perceive them as safe. Currently, cosmetic manufacturers are focusing their efforts on developing innovative natural products to address skin-aging signs, thus meeting consumers’ needs of healthy appearance and well-being. To prevent or treat skin aging, topical supplementation with antioxidant is regarded as one of the most promising strategies. However, most antioxidants presently used in skin care formulations show unfavorable physicochemical properties such as excessive lipophilicity or hydrophilicity, chemical instability and poor skin penetration that actively limit their effectiveness after topical application. Therefore, nanocarriers such as liposomes, niosomes, microemulsions and nanoparticles have been widely investigated as delivery systems for antioxidants to improve their beneficial effects in the treatment of skin aging. In this article, the antioxidants most commonly used in anti-aging cosmetic products will be reviewed along with the nanocarriers designed to improve their safety and effectiveness.
In vitro antimycobacterial activity of acetone extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra
Authors: Nair Swapna S. , Pharande Rajesh R. , Bannalikar Anilkumar S. , Mukne Alka P.
Published: September 2023

Context: Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) has been used since ages as expectorant, antitussive and demulcent. G. glabra has been indicated in Ayurveda as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of respiratory infections and tuberculosis. Aims: To evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of acetone extract of G. glabra by in vitro techniques. Methods: The anti-tubercular activity of acetone extract of G. glabra, obtained by Soxhlet extraction, was evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294). The in vitro anti-tubercular activity was determined by Resazurin Microtiter Plate Assay (REMA) and colony count method. Further, the anti-tubercular activity of acetone extract of G. glabra was determined in human macrophage U937 cell lines and was compared against that of the standard drugs isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol. Results: G. glabra extract showed significant activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, when evaluated by REMA/colony count methods and in U937 human macrophage cell lines infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The activity of the extract was comparable to those of standard drugs. It was observed that the extract showed time and concentration dependent antimycobacterial activity. Conclusions: The present study reveals that G. glabra extract has promising anti-tubercular activity by preliminary in vitro techniques and in U937 macrophage cell line. Therefore, it has the definite potential to be developed as an affordable, cost-effective drug against tuberculosis.
High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography method for analysis of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in seized tablets
Authors: Duffau Boris E. , Rojas Sonia , Delgado Lorena A. , Jofré Sebastián
Published: September 2023

Context: Consumption of synthetic drugs had increased in recent years, used as a recreational drug by young people who presume that consumption of this drug is harmless for health; however clinical studies have shown that this stimulant and its metabolites are toxic. Due to these reasons, chemical analysis of this illicit drug is crucial from the points of view of occupational medicine, toxicology, and law enforcement with the aim of pursuit the traffic of illegal drug. Aims: Implement and fully validate a rapid and simple method for detection and quantitation of MDMA by High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography in seized samples. Methods: With the implemented method was analyzed 12 positive samples seized by Chilean police, to found the concentration of MDMA in ecstasy tablets. Results: The method was fully validated, the linearity of the method was evaluated by the calibration curve between 51.0 – 510.0 µg/band (R2 0.9977); limit of detection was 12.1 µg per band, and limit of quantitation was 36.8 µg per band. The precision of the method (RSD) was lower than 5.0%. Accuracy was evaluated by determination of the percentage of MDMA recovered by the assay (99.13%), and relative Uncertainty was 6.66%. With this method, it was analyzed real seized samples of MDMA, results showed that all samples contained MDMA and concentration was between 18.15 – 59.84 % w/w. Conclusions: The method is selective, sensitive, and specific, with possible application in forensic analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about concentration of MDMA in ecstasy pills in Chile.
Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations with Statin Therapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khalid Javed  , Prabhleen Kaur Manshahia  , Shamsun Nahar  , Srishti Kanda  , Uzair Chatha  , Victor A.  Odoma  , Aakanksha Pitliya  , Esraa AlEdani  , Japneet Bhangu  , Lubna Mohammed
Published: September 2023

This systematic review focuses on examining the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and preventing exacerbations. Despite the pharmacological interventions available, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not curable. The goal of treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is more focused on providing relief of symptoms such as dyspnea and shortness of breath. The purpose is to review the efficacy of daily Statin use in patients with newly diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
RURAL SETTLEMENTS FROM OTTOMAN ANATOLIA: THE CASE OF THE DISTRICT OF KIRELI OF KONYA OF 1845
Authors: ERDOĞRU Mehmet Akif
Published: September 2023

This research article is based mainly on Ottoman archival data of 1845. They are manuscripts, written in Ottoman

Turkish. Ottoman government needs cash in the years of 1820s due to wars with Russia and Iran. To achieve this,

the state demands extra taxes from all peasants of Anatolia. In this study, the economic situation of 22 small Muslim

villages of the district of Kıreli of Konya of Anatolia was examined in outline. Agriculture and livestock were the main

means of livelihood for the Muslim peasants. However, with the increase of the population, the economic resources

were not enough for the Muslim peasants and the nomads (Yörük) living in this region. Many men had to leave their

villages and went to the large cities to earn struggle for life. Ottoman administration founds them there and also

taxes the labor. This was a very heavy practice for them. In the region, most villages were abandoned. The peasants

had to be content with only rural resources. The vacant agricultural lands were immediately planted by the surrounding

peasants.
TÜRKİYE SAHASI AĞIZ SÖZLÜKLERİ ÜZERİNE YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALAR ÜZERİNE BİR BİBLİYOGRAFYA DENEMESİ (KİTAPLAR VE LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLER)
Authors: ERDOĞAN Songül
Published: September 2023

Ağızlar, dilin geçmişi ve geleceği arasında bağ kuran en güçlü kültür aktarıcılarından biridir. Ağızlar ayrıca fonetik,

morfolojik, söz varlığı ve anlam bilim açısından da ait olduğu dilin önemli veri kaynakları arasında yer alır. Bu verilerin

sağlandığı en temel kaynaklardan birisi şüphesiz ağız sözlükleridir. Ağız sözlükleri dil bilimin birçok alanına

hitap etmektedir. Bu sebeple bu alanda yapılan yeni çalışmaların daha yakından takip edilmesi gerekir. Bu amaca

hizmet etmek amacıyla bu çalışmada Cumhuriyet döneminin başından 2023 yılına kadar yapılan ağız sözlüklerinin

bibliyografyasına yer verilmiştir. Ağız sözlüğü özelliği taşıyan çalışmaların künyesi, 1. Malzemesi Türkiye Sahası

Ağızlarından Alınarak Hazırlanmış Sözlük Niteliği Taşıyan Kitaplar 2. Malzemesi Türkiye Sahası Ağızlarından Alınarak

Hazırlanmış Sözlük Niteliği Taşıyan Lisansüstü Tezler olmak üzere iki başlık altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu başlıklar

da kendi içerisinde konusunun genel veya özel olmasına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda

Türkiye sahası ağız sözlükleri ile ilgili 102’si’ü kitap, 33’ü tez olmak üzere 135 kaynak eser künyesine ulaşılmıştır.

Eserlerle ilgili herhangi bir açıklayıcı bilgiye yer verilmemiştir. Türkiye sahasında üzerinde ağız sözlüğü hazırlanan

il ve ilçeler, harita üzerinde gösterilerek bu alandaki durum tespiti yapılmış ve bundan sonrasında ağız sözlükleri

üzerine çalışma yapmak isteyen araştırmacılara yol gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır.
ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МЕТАФОРИЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ПРИРОДЫ В РУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ 19-ГО ВЕКА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЙ М. Ю. ЛЕРМОНТОВА И И. С. ТУРГЕНЕВА)
Authors: POLAT Sevda
Published: September 2023

В статье проводится анализ применения метафоры «природа» в русской художественной прозе начала 19-

го века в лингвокультурологическом аспекте. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении особенностей

и смыслов «природы» в русской художественной прозе этого периода с точки зрения лингвокультуро-

логии, а объект исследования – метафорический потенциал «природы». Предметом исследования явля-

ются особенности и смыслы «природы» как метафоры. В качестве примера для исследования взяты

художественные произведения русских писателей, таких как М. Ю. Лермонтов и И. С. Тургенев, живших в

начале 19-го века. Методологическую основу исследования составили идеи и положения, изложенные в

трудах, посвящённых изучению метафоры ведущих лингвистов современности, таких как Н. Д. Арутюнова,

Л. В. Балашова, А. Н. Баранов, М. Блэк, Дж. Лакофф. Применение лингвокультурологического подхода

позволило исследовать метафорический потенциал природы в единстве трёх составляющих: линг-

вистического, культурного, когнитивного. Основные выводы исследования: выявление денотативной

составляющей метафорического потенциала природы в русской художественной прозе начала 19-го века

может стать отправной точкой для создания межкультурных контактов, повышая степень понимания

межнациональных метафорических смыслов как при непосредственном общении, так и снижая уровень

ошибок при переводах. Материалом исследования являются роман Михаила Юрьевича
Whole genomic sequencing of Staphylococcus aureus strain RMI-014804 isolated from pulmonary patient sputum via next-generation sequencing technology
Authors: Wisal Ayesha , Ullah Asad , Anwar Waheed , Morel Carlos M. , Hassan Syed Shah
Published: September 2023

Nosocomial infections, commonly referred to as healthcare-associated infections, are illnesses that patients get while hospitalized and are typically either not yet manifest or may develop. One of the most prevalent nosocomial diseases in hospitalized patients is pneumonia, among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens cause pneumonia. More severe introductions commonly included Staphylococcus aureus, which is at the top of bacterial infections, per World Health Organization reports. The staphylococci, S. aureus, strain RMI-014804, mesophile, on-sporulating, and non-motile bacterium, was isolated from the sputum of a pulmonary patient in Pakistan. Many characteristics of S. aureus strain RMI-014804 have been revealed in this paper, with complete genome sequence and annotation. Our findings indicate that the genome is a single circular 2.82 Mbp long genome with 1,962 protein-coding genes, 15 rRNA, 49 tRNA, 62 pseudogenes, and a GC content of 28.76%. As a result of this genome sequencing analysis, researchers will fully understand the genetic and molecular basis of the virulence of the S. aureus bacteria, which could help prevent the spread of nosocomial infections like pneumonia. Genome analysis of this strain was necessary to identify the specific genes and molecular mechanisms that contribute to its pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and genetic diversity, allowing for a more in-depth investigation of its pathogenesis to develop new treatments and preventive measures against infections caused by this bacterium.
Identification of novel potential drugs and miRNAs biomarkers in lung cancer based on gene co-expression network analysis
Authors: Hajipour Sara , Hosseini Sayed Mostafa , Irani Shiva , Tavallaie Mahmood
Published: September 2023

Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an important cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Therefore, the exact molecular mechanisms of NSCLC are unidentified. The present investigation aims to identify the miRNAs with predictive value in NSCLC. The two datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNA) and mRNAs (DEmRNA) were selected from the normalized data. Next, miRNA-mRNA interactions were determined. Then, co-expression network analysis was completed using the WGCNA package in R software. The co-expression network between DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs was calculated to prioritize the miRNAs. Next, the enrichment analysis was performed for DEmiRNA and DEmRNA. Finally, the drug-gene interaction network was constructed by importing the gene list to dgidb database. A total of 3,033 differentially expressed genes and 58 DE miRNA were recognized from two datasets. The co-expression network analysis was utilized to build a gene co-expression network. Next, four modules were selected based on the Zsummary score. In the next step, a bipartite miRNA-gene network was constructed and hub miRNAs (let-7a-2-3p, let-7d-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7a-5p, and let-7b-3p) were selected. Finally, a drug-gene network was constructed while SUNITINIB, MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE, DOFETILIDE, HALOPERIDOL, and CALCITRIOL drugs were recognized as a beneficial drug in NSCLC. The hub miRNAs and repurposed drugs may act a vital role in NSCLC progression and treatment, respectively; however, these results must validate in further clinical and experimental assessments.
Molecular docking Study of Nuciferine as a Tyrosinase Inhibitor and Its Therapeutic Potential for Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Veerichetty Veerabhuvaneshwari , Saravanabavan Iswaryalakshmi
Published: September 2023

Melanin is synthesized by tyrosinase to protect the skin from ultraviolet light. However, overproduction and accumulation of melanin can result in hyperpigmentation and skin melanoma. Tyrosinase inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of hyperpigmentation. Natural tyrosinase inhibitors are often favored over synthetic ones due to the potential side effects of the latter, which can include skin irritation, allergies, and other adverse reactions. Nuciferine, an alkaloid derived from Nelumbo nucifera, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties. This study focused on the in silico screening of nuciferine for anti-tyrosinase activity, using kojic acid, ascorbic acid, and resorcinol as standards. The tyrosinase protein target was selected through homology modeling. The residues of the substrate binding pocket and active site pockets were identified for the purposes of grid box optimization and docking. Nuciferine demonstrated a binding energy of –7.0 kcal/mol and a Ki of 5 µM, both of which were comparatively higher than the corresponding values of kojic acid, which showed –5.3 kcal/mol and 122 µM respectively. Therefore, nuciferine is a potent natural tyrosinase inhibitor and shows promising potential for application in the treatment of hyperpigmentation and skin melanoma.
Causas de la falta de vinculación entre las empresas mexicanas y las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES)
Authors: Arvizu Narváez Ana Carolina , Arvizu Narváez Claudia Julieta
Published: September 2023

Este documento presenta un análisis sobre las causas que llevan, tanto a las universidades como a las empresas, a tener una vinculación pobre o nula entre ellas. El artículo se enfoca en los problemas que se han presentado en 3 tipos de vinculación que más se utilizan entre las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) y las empresas en México que son: transferencia y formación de recursos humanos, transferencia de recursos tecnológicos y de recursos para investigación y desarrollo en México, con el fin de entender mejor la relación entre estas dos instituciones. Problemas como la falta de iniciativa, los costos de la vinculación, la falta de compromiso por ambas partes, entre otras, son sólo algunas de las dificultades que se presentan en las relaciones de colaboración entre las universidades y el sector productivo.
The Grand Economy: Nietzsche and the virtual political economy of life
Authors: Çalcı Sercan ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

Tracing the themes of political economy in Nietzsche’s thought, this article has two main purposes. The first of these is to problematize some narratives such as eternal return, will to power, and revaluation of values, which are the crucial concepts of Nietzsche’s thought, in the critique of political economy. The second is to re-read Nietzsche’s themes of political economy in conjunction with the concept of the virtual political economy of life, to link Nietzsche’s ‘grand politics’ with the overshadowed concept of ‘grand economy’ by making the move that put Nietzsche’s hammer on the idols of the established grammar of political economy. All of these themes are part of an economy of power that goes against the grasp of economics and political economy by grammatical thought. I call this political economy the virtual political economy of life.
The Deontic Primacy of Actions?
Authors: Forcehimes Andrew T. ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: September 2023

Why ought we to perform the actions that we ought to perform? We can categorize the various answers to this question depending on whether they hold that the oughts governing actions are explained by the oughts governing non-actions. In this essay, I show how a handful of plausible claims from normative ethics, moral psychology, and the philosophy of action entail the conclusion that what an agent ought to do is explained by the attitudes she ought to have.
The Reconstruction of the Fields of Ancient Radonezh as of 1617
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the RAS, Сhernov Sergey
Published: September 2023

The article proposes the reconstruction of the fields of ancient Radonezh (Sergiev Posad city district of Moscow region), recorded by the 1617 description. It was established that in 1617 an area of 278.4 hectares was plowed, which was only 50 hectares larger than the size of the fields of the village of Gorodok (now the village of Radonezh) in the 20th century (229 ha). In addition, within the boundaries of the lands of the village of Gorodok Radonezh, there were abandoned arable lands designated by scribes as «fallow lands and overgrown with forest» with an area of 376 hectares. These abandoned arable lands were partially localized thanks to the plan of 1768 and military survey of 1852–1853. 12 wastelands were also assigned to the village of Gorodok Radonezh, most of which are localized. As the botanical description showed, secondary forests grow in the area of abandoned arable land in 1617 In the territories not affected by plowing, the natural composition of vegetation is preserved.
Field Survey of the Destroyed 17th–18th Centuries Objects of Industrial Heritage in the Urals
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of RAS, Kurlaev Eugeniy
Published: September 2023

The article considers the formation of the industrial landscape on the territory of the Ural region. The Urals’ modern industrial landscapes are a clear reflection of the centuries-old activity of the Russian state in peopling and developing this area. However, to date, many destroyed industrial monuments have not become the objects of archaeological research and inventory, since they are not recognized as archaeological, and there are no appropriate methods for their search and study. Furthermore, they cannot be identified and described by specialists from other fields of science. There is an opinion that written information is capable of completely independently and fully covering the historical period, but while working with documents it becomes obvious that these sources cannot always replace archaeological research. In domestic textbooks, educational and methodological manuals on archaeology, no attention is paid to the study of the written era sites, and there are no methods for complex historical and archaeological research. The purpose of this work is to analyze the accumulated experience and formulate recommendations for the search, excavation and reconstruction of destroyed industrial monuments of the 17th – 18th centuries. Survey based on data from the written sources makes it possible to identify the location of the site, excavations – to replenish information about the layout, technical equipment of the enterprise. The complex of sources allows creating an animated model of the enterprise using a computer. It is noted that there are significant differences in the methods of search, excavation and reconstruction of sites of the historical period from traditional research procedures.
Schrems vs. Facebook: Teil 3 – Netzneutralität: Endgerätefreiheit bei Mobilfunkanschluss – Regelung zum Löschen terroristischer Inhalte auf Plattformen
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: September 2023

Der Rechtsstreit zwischen Datenschutzaktivist Max Schrems und Facebook geht in die nächste Instanz. Mobilfunkanbieter dürfen die Nutzung kabelgebundener Endgeräte nicht vertraglich ausschließen.
Frei zugänglich im Netz: Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek startet historisches Zeitungsportal
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Pünktlich zur Konferenz „Zugang gestalten!“ startet die Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek das „Deutsche Zeitungsportal“. Es bietet digitale Ausgaben von 1671 bis 1950, lässt sich im Volltext durchsuchen und soll kontinuierlich ausgebaut werden. Kürzlich berichtete iRights.info über das historische Zeitungsportal der Neuen Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ). Es umfasst den Zeitraum 1780 bis 1915.
BGH: Urheberrechtsverletzung durch Framing – Urheber*innen dürfen geeigneten Schutz einfordern
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Urheber*innen und Rechteinhaber*innen können einen technischen Schutz gegen das Einbinden von Inhalten auf Internetseiten, die von Dritten betrieben werden, verlangen. Das entschied kürzlich der Bundesgerichtshof. Er setzt damit eine Entscheidung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs um. Der Entscheidung des Bundesgerichtshofs war ein längeres rechtliches Tauziehen vorangegangen. iRights.info berichtete mehrfach, zuletzt im März 2021.
Ende-zu-Ende-Verschlüsselung einfach erklärt
Authors: Stock Anna Maria
Published: September 2023

Sie gilt als die Königsdisziplin der sicheren Kommunikation im Netz. Doch wie funktioniert Ende-zu-Ende-Verschlüsselung eigentlich? Und warum ist sie bei vielen Messengern längst Standard – bei E-Mails aber nicht? Ein Überblick. Unsere Briefe aus Papier sind auf dem Postweg durch einen Umschlag, vielleicht sogar durch ein Siegel geschützt. Die Kommunikation im Internet begann ohne einen solchen Schutz.
Interdisziplinäre Betrachtungen zu den Wendepunkten des Urheberrechts
Authors: Steinhau Henry
Published: September 2023

Das rechtliche Tauziehen bei kurzen Musiksamples, die Gretchenfrage der Schöpfungshöhe, der Paradigmenwechsel durch Uploadfilter – diese und weitere, ebenso ungewohnte wie aufschlussreiche Perspektiven auf das Urheberrecht finden sich in dem nun erhältlichen Sammelband „Tipping Points“. Üblicherweise ist der akademische Diskurs über das Urheberrecht und dessen Anpassung ans digitale Zeitalter die Domäne von Rechtswissenschaftler*innen und
„Zugang gestalten!“ 2021: Umfangreiche Dokumentation freigeschaltet
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Nach dem rein digitalen Format im letzten Jahr fand „Zugang gestalten!“ Anfang November wieder vorwiegend als Präsenztagung statt. Interessierte können nun die knapp 30 Vorträge und Diskussionsrunden online anschauen.
Schrankenregelung: Kommt die Vergütungspflicht für Zitierfreiheit, Panoramafreiheit, Parodie und Co.?
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Der umstrittene Gesetzentwurf zur Urheberrechtsreform bringt ein Novum in das Urheberrecht: Besonders grundrechtsrelevante Schrankennutzungen wie Zitatfreiheit, Panoramafreiheit oder Parodie sollen vergütungspflichtig werden. Ein Vorschlag, der mehr Fragen aufwirft als Antworten liefert.  Die Urheberrechtsreform ist voll im Gange.
UNESCO verabschiedet Grundsatzpapier für Open Science – OERcamp.global vom 9. bis 11. Dezember
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Die UNESCO legt eine Erklärung vor, in der sich die Mitgliedstaaten dazu verpflichten, die Maßgaben offener Wissenschaft zu fördern und Hürden internationaler Zusammenarbeit abzubauen. Passend dazu findet in Kürze das OERcamp.global statt, ein zweitägiges Festival rund um offene Lehrmaterialien. Pandemie und Klimawandel stellen die internationale Gemeinschaft vor gewaltige Herausforderungen.
Rechtsstreit um Twitter-Block eingestellt – Facebook-Datenleck – Sicherheitslücke bei Betreiber von Corona-Testcenter
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: September 2023

Der US-Supreme-Court stellt das Verfahren über Twitter-Blocks von Donald Trump während seiner Präsidentschaft ein. Über 500 Millionen Nutzer*innen sind von einem Datenleck bei Facebook betroffen – doch Facebook weigert sich weiterhin, diese zu benachrichtigen. Wegen einer Sicherheitslücke auf der Webseite eines Betreibers von Testcentern waren personenbezogene Daten im Netz frei abrufbar.
E-Privacy-Verordnung und Verbraucherschutz mit neuen Entwürfen, Facebook-Gruppe „Stop the steal“ gesperrt
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: September 2023

Ein neuer Entwurf der E-Privacy-Verordnung soll die Verwertung von Cookies genauer regeln. Auch das BMJV zielt in zwei Gesetzesentwürfen auf Verbesserung des Verbraucherschutzes, unter anderem durch neue Hinweispflichten. Und Facebook sperrt bei der US-Wahl eine hetzerische „Stop the steal“-Gruppe.

Neuer Entwurf für eine E-Privacy-Verordnung

Es gibt einen neuen Entwurf der E-Privacy-Verordnung.
Bildung auf die Ohren – Der Gold-Standard zur Veröffentlichung von Podcasts als OER
Authors: Fahrenkrog Gabi
Published: September 2023

Podcasts sind beliebt und sie lassen sich sehr gut auch als Open Educational Resources (OER) produzieren und veröffentlichen. Mit welchen Kniffen und Tools es gelingt, den bestmöglichen offenen Standard für das Podcast-Format zu erreichen, erläutern Gabi Fahrenkrog und Chris Dies. Podcasts eignen sich grundsätzlich für den Einsatz in allen Bereichen der Bildung.
Tag der Gemeinfreiheit 2022: Bei welchen Werken seit 1. Januar das Urheberrecht erloschen ist
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Filme, Musikstücke, Bilder und Texte von Urheber*innen, die im Jahr 1951 gestorben sind, sind seit dem 1. Januar 2022 in die Gemeinfreiheit beziehungsweise Public Domain übergegangen. Sie können fortan frei genutzt, bearbeitet und veröffentlicht werden. Mit dabei sind unter anderem Wittgenstein und Pu der Bär.
Offene Abschöpfung: Wie sich wissenschaftliches Publizieren im Übergang zu Open Access verändert
Authors: Reitz Tilman
Published: September 2023

Kostenlos und frei auf wissenschaftliche Texte zugreifen – das dürfte bald Standard werden. Auch wissenschaftliche Verlage versuchen den Übergang zu Open Access für sich zu nutzen, etwa mit Gebühren für Autor*innen und Datentracking. Was die Open-Access-Transformation für die Wissenschaft bedeutet und welche Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten es gibt, das analysiert Tilman Reitz. Open Access kommt langsam.
Neue Forderung zur Patent-Aussetzung bei Covid19-Impfstoffen – Alternatives Insulin in der Entwicklung
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Mehr als 100 internationale Rechtswissenschaftler*innen fordern, geistige Eigentumsrechte bei Covid19-Impfstoffen temporär auszusetzen. Damit soll die Entwicklung und Produktion der Vakzine gesteigert werden. Derweil gibt es Fortschritte bei der alternativen Herstellung von Insulin – auf Open-Source-Basis. Die Covid19-Pandemie hat die Welt nach wie vor fest im Griff.
Urheberrechtsreform, neuester Stand. Lob und Kritik von Kulturerbe-Akteur*innen
Authors: Steinhau Henry
Published: September 2023

Mitte Oktober ging das BMJV in die entscheidende Phase zur Anpassung des deutschen an das EU-Urheberrecht. Kritische Stellungnahmen – von Bundesministerien und aus Verbänden und Organisationen – adressieren nicht nur die umstrittenen Uploadfilter, sondern auch den Umgang mit nicht mehr verfügbaren oder gemeinfreien Werken.
Google: Gruppenmerkmale statt Cookies – Bundestag: Jugendschutzgesetz verabschiedet – SteuerID: Erweiterung zu Personenkennziffer
Authors:   telemedicus.info
Published: September 2023

Die letzte Woche im netzpolitischen Rückblick: Google wird das Usertracking durch Drittanbieter-Cookies abschaffen; der Bundestag verabschiedet ein neues Jugendschutzgesetz; und der Bundesrat hat einem umkämpften Gesetzentwurf, mit dem die Steuer-ID zur individuellen Identifikationsnummer erweitert werden soll, zugestimmt.
Was die CC0-Freigabe bedeutet und welche Möglichkeiten sie eröffnet
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Bildungsmaterialien, die unter „Creative Commons Zero“ freigegeben sind, lassen sich ganz ohne Einschränkungen verwenden. Damit eignen sie sich besonders für offene Bildungsmaterialien. Was sind die Voraussetzungen für eine Freigabe unter CC0? Was steht rechtlich dahinter? Und wo sind sie zu finden? Dieser Artikel stellt die Freigabe nach CC0 vor.
Creative-Commons-Lizenzmodule richtig kombinieren – Besonderheiten des NC-Moduls (non-commercial)
Authors: iRights.info Redaktion
Published: September 2023

Creative Commons bietet vier Lizenzmodule für unterschiedliche Bedürfnisse an, die sich miteinander kombinieren lassen. Aber nicht alle Lizenzmodule sind miteinander kompatibel. Welche Kombinationsmöglichkeiten es gibt und was die Besonderheiten des sogenannten NC-Moduls sind, das erläutert dieser Text. iRights.info berichtet und informiert seit Jahren über Creative Commons.
US-Forscher*innen verlangen Anpassung des Urheberrechts während der Pandemie-Notlage
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Die Restriktionen geistigen Eigentums temporär außer Kraft setzen, um die Verbreitung des Covid19-Virus einzudämmen – diese Forderung richten derzeit mehr als 100 Organisationen sowie knapp 150 Einzelpersonen in einer gemeinsamen Erklärung an die Welthandelsorganisation (WTO). Initiiert wurde die Verzichtserklärung von Forscher*innen des College of Law der American University in Washington.
Stretching the Limits of Laparoscopy in Gynecological Oncology: Technical Feasibility of doing a Laparoscopic Total Pelvic Exenteration for Palliation in advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors:   Galaxy Laparoscopy Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Puntambekar S. P. , Agarwal G. A. , Puntambekar S. S. , Sathe R. M. , Patil A. M.
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Improving quality of life and supportive care are of paramount importance in helping patients of advanced cervical cancer. Pelvic exenteration has both palliative and curative role in the management of cervical cancer. We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of performing laparoscopic total pelvic exenteration in advanced carcinoma of the cervix and to evaluate the immediate morbidity associated with it. Methods: We performed laparoscopic total pelvic exenteration in 7 patients of advanced cervical cancer at Galaxy Laparoscopy Institute from August 2005 to December 2007. All patients underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy for assessment of resectibility of the tumor followed by pelvic exenteration in the same operative procedure. The purpose of this procedure was palliation. Results: The mean operative time was 230 +/- 15 min and mean blood loss was 250 +/- 50 ml. Five patients received intra-operative blood transfusions. All patients tolerated the procedure well. No patients required conversion to open surgery. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8 (7-21) days. The mean follow up was 11 (4-24) months and mean symptom free period was 8 (3-24) months. There was no major and unanticipated post-operative morbidity. There was no immediate post-operative mortality in the present study. Discussion: Laparoscopic total pelvic exenteration is technically feasible and can be offered to carefully selected patients with advanced carcinoma of the cervix. The feasibility of this procedure defines newer limits for the use of laparoscopy in gynecological cancers.
A Novel High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Determination of Ceftriaxone and Sulbactam in Sulbactomax
Authors:   Venus Medicine Research Centre, Hill Top Industrial Estate, EPIP Phase I, Jharmajri (Extn.) Bhatoli Kalan, Baddi, Solan (H. P.), India, Shrivastava Sanjay Mohan , Singh Rajkumar , Tariq Abu , Siddiqui Masoom Raza , Yadav Jitendar , Negi P. S. , Chaudhary Manu
Published: September 2023

An isocratic liquid chromatographic method with UV detection at 220 nm is described for simultaneous determination of ceftriaxone sodium and sulbactam sodium in Sulbactomax. Chromatographic separation of two drugs was achieved on a Hypersil ODS C-18 column using a mobile phase consisting of a binary mixture of acetonitrile and tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide adjusted to pH7.0 with orthophosphoric acid in ratio 70:30. The developed Liquid Chromatographic method offers symmetric peak shape, good resolution and reasonable retention time for both drugs. Linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the concentration range of 125-750 ppm for ceftriaxone sodium and 62.5-375 ppm for sulbactam sodium. The LC method can be used for the quality control of formulated products containing ceftriaxone and sulbactam.
Myeloperoxidase to Risk Stratify Emergency Department Patients with Chest Pain
Authors:   Harvard Affiliated Emergency Medicine Residency, Boston, MA, USA, Manini Alex F. , Bohan J. Stephen ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, McAfee Andrew T. ,   i3 Drug Safety, Auburndale, Massachusetts, USA, Noble Vicki E. ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Published: September 2023

Previous studies suggest that serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a potentially useful biomarker to risk stratify troponin-negative patients with suspected myocardial ischemia. We hypothesized that the relationship between initial serum MPO levels would correlate with 30-day adverse cardiac outcomes for low risk emergency department (ED) patients with suspected myocardial ischemia. This prospective cohort study enrolled ED patients with chest pain or suspected myocardial ischemia, non-diagnostic ECG, and initially negative cardiac troponin I. We defined 30-day adverse cardiac events as death, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization. We calculated summary statistics, standard deviation (SD), odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and receiver operating characteristics (ROC). We enrolled 159 patients who had a mean age of 55 ± 13, were 56% female, of whom 5.2% suffered at least one adverse cardiac event. MPO test characteristics were poor, with an ROC area of only 0.47 (CI 0.23-0.71). MPO levels were not associated with adverse events (OR 0.99, CI 0.98-1.01, p=0.62). The optimal ROC cutpoint to predict adverse cardiac events had poor sensitivity and specificity (57% and 52%, respectively). Mean MPO concentrations in the event group did not differ from the non-event group. In this limited cohort of low risk ED patients with chest pain, we were unable to demonstrate utility of MPO for risk stratification. If confirmed in larger studies, these findings may call into question the routine use of MPO for low-risk chest pain.
Reactions Lab
Authors:   Beyond Benign, Enright Mollie , Butler Janie , Sebuyira Annette
Published: September 2023

This lab discusses types of reactions and replaces traditional reaction experiments involving chemicals such as lead (II) nitrate, barium chloride, and silver nitrate. This lab challenges students to identify types of chemical reactions and distinguish between reactions that use safer, less hazardous chemicals from the more hazardous. Students will participate in the decision making by choosing safer starting reactants, using the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry. They will ultimately learn the difference between synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, and double-displacement reactions.
O CONCEITO DE RESISTÊNCIA NA OBRA DE FREUD E SUA FUNÇÃO NA PSICANÁLISE
Authors: Cesário Carla Grazielli de Castro
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda os tipos de resistência a partir da obra de Sigmund Freud: resistência transferencial, do ganho da doença e das instâncias psíquicas Eu, Isso e Supereu. Apesar de suas diferentes manifestações clínicas, a resistência é sempre considerada como um obstáculo no tratamento psicanalítico, identificada pelo jogo de forças entre os representantes pulsionais no aparelho psíquico. Mesmo sendo um obstáculo, sua manifestação durante o tratamento psicanalítico indica um caminho na direção da representação recalcada a partir das formações sintomáticas.
SABEMOS/PODEMOS/QUEREMOS SER SÓS? SUBJETIVAÇÃO E ANÁLISE EM TEMPOS DIGITAIS
Authors: Pitliuk Lia
Published: September 2023

Considerando a capacidade de estar só como elemento essencial da maturidade subjetiva, em meados do século XX Winnicott formula um caminho constitutivo dessa aptidão, apoiado num processo de interiorização de relações primárias sólidas, íntimas e continentes. Parece-nos, hoje, que esta é uma arquitetura não do humano, mas de uma época, cujas transformações têm implicado mudanças de peso nos nossos modos de individuação. Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre esta hipótese, trabalhando com a suposição de que a mediação das tecnologias digitais – em suas dimensões elásticas, brincantes, transicionais – seja, afinal, uma busca de reconstrução de sustentações necessárias.
BORDEANDO AS FRONTEIRAS: SOBRE UMA PSICANÁLISE DEFINIDA PELA ALTERIDADE
Authors: Lara Luciana Maccari
Published: September 2023

O trabalho pretende introduzir uma reflexão sobre o lugar da alteridade na origem e constituição do discurso psicanalítico, desde sua origem na modernidade colonizadora, e num modelo civilizatório que reduz as diferenças a categorias hierárquicas. Ao longo da construção freudiana, a alteridade impõe-se como o eixo fundamental na definição de rumos e sentidos da teoria e do método psicanalítico.
ENTREVISTA COM EX-EDITORAS DA SIG REVISTA DE PSICANÁLISE
Authors: Castiel Sissi Vigil , Moraes Eurema Gallo de , Farinati Débora , Silva Clarice Moreira da , Refosco Lísia da Luz
Published: September 2023

Nesta edição 20, chegamos aos dez anos da SIG Revista e pensamos em comemorar em uma entrevista que nos conte a sua história. Mesmo não sendo uma edição temática, acreditamos que o tema da transmissão em psicanálise é relevante e apropriado para marcar essa data e o significado de comemorar dez anos transmitindo a psicanálise através de uma revista científica. Ninguém melhor do que as editoras que fizeram parte dessa trajetória para historicizar esse percurso, mostrando os movimentos da revista, os desafios, as complexidades desse tipo de transmissão da psicanálise em um periódico. Nossas convidadas são Sissi Vigil Castiel (S), Eurema Gallo de Moraes (E), Débora Farinati (D), Clarice Moreira da Silva (C) e Lísia da Luz Refosco (L).