bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agricultural lime reaction and retention in a diversity of soils under continuous centrifugation
Authors: Boyko Rose , Norton Gareth , Walker Robin , Watson Christine , Paton Graeme
Published: May 2023

Agricultural lime is an important natural resource for changing soil pH values. Annual lime applications in the UK have fallen for decades. Estimating soil factors that contribute to the retention and losses of lime would be useful for farmers making resource decisions. The aim of this research was to analyse the soil factors contributing to leaching loss and retention of agricultural lime in Scottish grassland soils. This research also tested the applicability of a large centrifuge method for measuring leached solutions from soil, suggested as an alternative to leaching columns. The soils studied in this research were highly variable in their response to lime. Measures of soil exchange capacity (cation exchange capacity, lime buffering capacity and organic matter) and clay content were highly associated factors to calcium loss and retention within a soil. Suggestions to farmers include consideration of soil clay content, organic matter content (as expressed through C) and cation exchange capacity as factors in lime decision making. Higher exchange capacity soils lost more calcium, likely due to the greater liming requirement of these soils and potential increased excess calcium applied. It is suggested that methods for improving calcium exchange and soil uptake be explored for improving lime retention after liming events.
Comprehensive mapping of immune perturbations associated with Acute Gouty Arthritis
Authors: Zhong Limei , Gong Ying , Li Weinian , Li Lixiu , Yang Huawen , Huang Yukai , Huang Lixin , Chen Yinchun , Wu Xiaojun , Huang Liping , Xin Songqing , Tian Yan , Cao Donglin , Liu Yufeng
Published: May 2023

Background
Acute gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by a sudden, acute onset of pain, swelling, warmth, erythema, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. Although numerous studies have focused on the phenotypes of immune cells, the complete immunophenotypic atlas of patients with acute gout remains unelucidated. Hence, we aimed to comprehensively examine the general immunologic condition of patients with acute gout and compare it with that of healthy donors (HD).
Methods
We collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with acute gout (n = 31) and healthy donors (HDs) (n = 16) to investigate the immunophenotype of acute gout. Furthermore, the components and kinetics of the immune response were examined in these patients.
Results
By demonstrating the frequency and phenotype of immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells, we discovered that patients with acute gout had significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophil-to-T-cell ratio (NTR) than that in HDs. We also observed a significant association between NTR and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Furthermore, NK cell cytotoxicity was reduced, and heterogeneous T cell activation and plasmablasts (PBs) frequencies were increased in patients with acute gout.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate substantial perturbations in leukocytes, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, and monocytes, in patients with acute gout. Thus, NTR may serve as a biomarker of acute gout. These findings may facilitate the easier implementation of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies against acute gouty arthritis.
Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin for differentiation of bacterial meningitis from tuberculous meningitis or cryptococcal meningitis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Qi , Lin Qingwen , Wang Haiyan , Tang Minjie , Fan Kengna , Zhang Zeqin , Huang Er , Zhang Weiqing , Wang Fengqing , Ou Qishui , liu xiaofeng
Published: May 2023

Background The early differential diagnosis between bacterial meningitis (BM) and tuberculous meningitis (TBM) or cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is still an important clinical challenge. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) had been reported as a novel inflammatory biomarker in early stage of infection. This study aimed to explore whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NGAL is a potential biomarker for distinguishing between BM and TBM or CM. Methods Prospectively enrolled the patients with suspected CNS infections at admission and divided them into three case groups: BM (n = 67), TBM (n = 55), CM (n = 51), and an age- and sex-matched hospitalized control (HC, n = 58). Detect the CSF NGAL and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy to distinguish between BM and TBM or CM. Meanwhile, longitudinally measured the CSF NGAL of BM to evaluate whether it would be a monitor of antibacterial treatment. Results The CSF NGAL in BM was significantly higher than in TBM, CM and HC (allP < 0.05), while the serum NGAL was not significantly different among the three case groups. The ROC analysis showed CSF NGAL presented a good diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.834 (0.770 to 0.886) and at the optimal cutoff value of 74.27 ng/mL with 70.15% sensitivity and 77.36% specificity for discriminating BM with TBM and CM. Meanwhile, the CSF NGAL in the convalescent period of BM was significantly lower than the acute period (P < 0.05). Conclusions CSF NGAL might be a potential biomarker for distinguishing between acute BM and TBM or CM, and it also has some important clinical value for monitoring antibiotic therapy for BM.
Identification and fine mapping of Brmmd1 gene controlling recessive genic male sterility in Brassica rapa L.
Authors: Xiong Xingpeng , Li Xiaoyao , Zhang Shuting , Hu Zhen , Liu Tingting , Qiu Zhengming , Cao Jiashu , Huang Li , Yan Chenghuan
Published: May 2023

Recessive genic male sterility (RGMS) provides an effective approach for the commercial exploitation of heterosis, especially in Brassicacrops. Although some artificial RGMS mutants have been reported in B. rapa, no causal genes derived from these natural mutants have been identified so far. In this study, a spontaneous RGMS mutant Bcajh97-01A derived from the ‘Aijiaohuang’ line traced back to the 1980s was identified. Genetic analysis revealed that the RGMS trait was controlled by a single locus in the Bcajh97-01A/Bsystem. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) in combination with linkage analysis was employed to delimit the causal gene to an approximate 129 kb interval on chromosome A02. The integrated information of transcriptional levels and the predicted genes in the target region indicated that the Brmmd1 (BraA02g017420) encoding a PHD-containing nuclear protein was the most likely candidate gene. In the RGMS line, a 374 bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) was inserted into the first exon to prematurely stop the Brmmd1 gene translation, thus blocking the normal expression of this gene at the tetrad stage in the Bcajh97-01A. Additionally, a co-segregating structure variation (SV) marker was developed to rapidly screen the RGMS progenies from Bcajh97-01A/B system. Our findings reveal that BraA02g017420 is the causal gene responsible for the RGMS trait. This study lays a foundation for marker-assisted selection and further molecular mechanism exploration of pollen development in B. rapa.
Trajectories of antidepressant use and 6-year change in body weight: a prospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Lassale Camille , Lugon Gabriela , Hernáez Álvaro , Frank Philipp , Marrugat Jaume , Ramos Rafael , Garre-Olmo Josep , Elosua Roberto
Published: May 2023

Background: Antidepressant drug treatment may be associated with weight gain, but long-term studies are lacking.
Methods: We included 3127 adults (1701 women) from the REGICOR study, on average aged 55.6 (SD=11.6) years in 2003-2006, living in North-East of Spain. They had data at two time points (baseline and a median of 6.3 years later) on self-reported antidepressant use, body weight and height, and on baseline smoking, physical activity, diet quality, education, civil status, and depressive symptoms assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at follow-up. We defined four trajectories of antidepressants use: never use, new use at follow-up, initial use discontinued, persistent use. We used multivariable linear models to estimate the association of these trajectories with the percentage of weight change. In people without obesity at baseline (n=2404), we also estimated the association with obesity incidence at follow-up.
Results: The average 6-year weight gain was 0.53 kg (1.01% body weight), and 24.5% of the participants gained >5% of body weight. The majority (83.6%) of participants did not report any use of antidepressants, 6.2% initiated during follow-up, 5.1% discontinued it, and 5.1% reported their use at both time points. In multivariable analyses, compared to never users, all trajectories were associated with greater weight gain: +1.78% (0.57, 2.98) for initial use discontinued, +2.08% (0.97, 3.19) for new use at follow-up, and +1.98% (95% CI: 0.75, 3.20) for persistent use. In non-obese participants at baseline (n=2404), the odds ratio for becoming obese was 2.06 (1.03, 3.96) for persistent use, and non-statistically significant for the other trajectories.
Conclusions: In a population-based adult cohort, persistent use of antidepressants was strongly associated with weight gain. New and discontinued use was associated with weight gain, but non-significantly to obesity incidence. In light of the obesity pandemic, weight management in the context of antidepressant prescriptions is warranted.
MeViT: Medium-Resolution Vision Transformer for Semantic Segmentation on Landsat Satellite Imagery for Agriculture in Thailand
Authors: Panboonyuen Teerapong , Charoenphon Chaiyut , Satirapod Chalermchon
Published: May 2023

Semantic segmentation is a fundamental task in remote sensing image analysis that aims to classify each pixel in an image into different land use and land cover (LULC) segmentation task. In this paper, We propose MeViT (Medium-Resolution Vision Transformer) on Landsat satellite imagery for the main economic crops in Thailand as follows: (i) para rubber, (ii) corn, and (iii) pineapple. Therefore, our proposed MeViT enhances Vision Transformers (ViTs), one of the modern deep learning on computer vision tasks, to learn semantically rich and spatially-precise multi-scale representations by integrating medium-resolution multi-branch architectures with ViTs. We revised mixed-scale convolutional feedforward networks (MixCFN) by incorporating multiple depth-wise convolution paths to extract multi-scale local information to balance the model’s performance and efficiency. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conduct extensive experiments on the publicly available dataset of Thailand scenes and compare the results with several state-of-the-art deep learning methods such as AutoDeeplab1, SwinTransformer2, Twins3, CSWinTransformer4, SegFormer5, and HRViT6. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed MeViT outperforms existing methods and performs better in the semantic segmentation of Thailand scenes The evaluation metrics used are precision, recall, F1 score, and mean Intersection over Union (IoU). Among the models compared, MeViT, our proposed model, achieves the best performance in all evaluation metrics. MeViT achieves a precision of 0.9222, a recall of 0.9469, an F1 score of 0.9344, and a mean IoU of 0.8363. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach in accurately segmenting Thai Landsat-8 data. The achieved F1 score of overall using our proposed MeViT is 93.44% that is a major significance of this work.
Development and performance of diagnostic system for small marine Diesel engine functioning in dual fuel system
Authors: Arendt Ryszard , Hupka Jan , Kopczyński Andrzej , Grabowiec Aleksandra
Published: May 2023

The paper presents the PHOTON floating laboratory of Gdansk University of Technology, equipped with a stand for testing a dual fuel (liquid and gaseous) supply system. The influence of the type of fuel on functional effects, emission, and durability of the engine is considered. Engine mooring trials of the unit were carried out to assess the influence of the used fuel on: coolant temperature, lubricating oil temperature, engine housing temperature, and engine vibration in relation to the concentration of nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, and hydrocarbons in engine exhaust gases for dual engine supply with liquid and gaseous fuel.
Ritual robbery? Disturbation in Early Bronze Age graves in Eastern Poland in the light of microscopic tool marks examinations on the bones
Authors: Hyrchała Anna , Lorkiewicz-Muszyńska Dorota , Sobol Julia , Kurzawska Aldona , Sobkowiak-Tabaka Iwona , Niedźwiedź Józef
Published: May 2023

Analysed graves of the Strzyżów culture, materials obtained and investigated in the last decade, and results of anthropological analysis provided new information on the custom of disturbing burial pits in the Early Bronze Age. It is now possible to suggest and present entirely new conclusions concerning funeral rituals observed by the Strzyżów culture and distinguish five types of disturbed burials from the Early Bronze Age. This paper develops the research of various types of cutmarks disclosed on the bones of the skeleton found in grave no. 13 in Hrubieszów-Podgórze. The authors focused on the application of the morphological characteristics of the bone defects in complex skeletal remains studies, to discuss the possibility of dating occurrence and specifying the tool type. Digital microscopic analysis of different groups of defects (in form of indents, superficial linear grooves, wedge-shaped notches, and gap) was performed. Observed features of the defects of the right fibula and both iliac wings indicate postmortem occurrence, possibly at the same time, using a sharp-edged tool when the bones were ductile, not brittle. Additionally, the localization and characteristics of the tool features imprinted on the fibula and hip bones also indicate the state of skeletonization of the remains at the time the damages occurred. The time interval between death and the occurrence of the revealed bone damage (right fibula and both hip bones) could have been short enough for those still alive to remember the deceased well.
Increased IL-12p70 levels in intraoperative pericardial fluid is predictive of postoperative atrial fibrillation onset after coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Liu Yuhua , Xie Enzehua , Yang Yunxiao , Han Zhongyi , Yu Cuntao , Hua Kun , Yang Xiubin
Published: May 2023

Background
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most frequent complication after heart surgery, prolonging hospital stays, as well as increasing morbidity and death. Previous studies have investigated the determinants of post-heart surgery AF; however, the risk factors contributing to POAF occurrence after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) remains largely unknown.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine if biomarker levels, such as cytokines, within intraoperative pericardial fluid could be used as predictive markers for POAF onset among CABG individuals.
Methods
180 patients with no atrial arrhythmia history, who have undergone CABG, were identified, and the human magnetic Luminex assay was used to measure the levels of 36 pericardial fluid cytokines. POAF development was continuously monitored, using both postoperative electrocardiograms and telemetry strips, until the time of discharge.
Results
POAF was found in 30/124 patients (24.19%). These patients, compared to those with normal sinus rhythms (SR), had significantly higher levels of the interleukin (IL)-12p70 cytokine within their intraoperative pericardial fluids (p < 0.001). Subsequently, IL-12p70 was found to be an independent risk factor for POAF (OR = 1.201; 95% CI, 1.001–1.510; P = 0.014), and ROC analysis determined that the cut-off threshold for predicting POAF onset was 116.435 pg/ml, based on the maximum Youden index (area under the curve: 0.816).
Conclusion
In this study, we demonstrated that increased IL-12p70 levels within intraoperative pericardial fluid was an independent risk factor for POAF, particularly at levels above the cut-off of 116.435pg/ml. This finding thus could serve as a possible marker for detecting future POAF.
Antibiotic prophylaxis during oral implant surgery in Northwest China
Authors: Lin Yao , Yue Jiao , Huang Jing , Cheng Lifei , Pan Wen , Ju Jia , Wei Hongbo , Feng Bin
Published: May 2023

Background
There is still no consensus on prophylactic antibiotics in dental implants in China. This study aims to further understand the current status of prophylactic antibiotics in dental implants in China and to provide evidence-based data for the guidelines of prophylactic antibiotic use in dental implants.
Methods
This study is based on a cross-sectional study of a National dental implant specialist member. The questionnaire survey was conducted from April to December of 2021.It consisted of three parts:the basic information of respondents, the cognitive environment of using prophylactic antibiotics in dental implants in Northwest China, and the use of antibacterial in dental implants.The conclusion was drawn by statistical analysis of the questionnaire survey.
Results
A total of 318 dentists were surveyed. Approximately 65.41% of respondents generally prescribed antibiotics during dental implant surgery, 33.65% just prescribed antibiotics under certain circumstances,and 0.94% never prescribed antibiotics. The most frequently-used antibiotic classes were penicillin (such as amoxicillin), cephalosporin (such as cefazolin), and nitroimidazole (such as metronidazole). It is common to treat patients with a combination of antibiotics. Furthermore, 55.87% of respondents used antibiotics for more than 24 hours in common dental implants, and 85.08% used antibioticsin dental implants with bone grafts.
Conclusions
Since there are no standards for regulations about the choice of varieties, dosage, and course of prescribing antibiotics during dental implants, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is largely based on the experience of dentists. Therefore, it’s necessary to formulate guidelines for using antibiotics in dental implants, improve the standardization of antibiotics, and prevent overuse and bacterial resistance.
Identification and analysis of key miRNA for sex differentiation in hermaphroditic Juglans mandshurica Maxim.
Authors: Li Jingze , Zhang Mengmeng , Wu Jingwen , Qin Baiting , Liu Chunping , Zhang Lijie
Published: May 2023

Background: Juglans mandshurica Maxim. is a monoecious heteromorphic plant. The mechanism of miRNA-mediated sex differentiation and dioecious heterozygosity is unclear.
Results：In this study, 310 known and 278 unknown miRNA were identified and 129 differentially expressed miRNA were screened using high-throughput sequencing technology for microRNA sequencing analysis of male and female flower buds of the protogyny and protandry of Juglans mandshurica. 638 miRNA target genes predicted using PSRobots and these target genes are significantly enriched in reproductive, floral development and phytohormone signaling pathways. Therefore, it is hypothesized that miR159c-3p, miR156d-3p, miR172d, miR171b, miR164a, miR167a, miR319a, miR399a, and miR396t et al. may be the key miRNA affecting sex differentiation in Juglans mandshurica, among which miR164a, miR166c, and miR171c-5p may be the key miRNA for heterosexualism differentiation in Juglans mandshurica. 9 randomly selected miRNAs with significant differences were subjected to real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to verify the accuracy of high-throughput sequencing. Combined with transcriptome sequencing results for co-analysis, a differential miRNA-differential mRNA primary regulatory network was established.
Conclusion：It was further confirmed that these miRNA play an important role in the sex differentiation of Juglans mandshurica. This study lays the research foundation for the eventual discovery of the molecular mechanism of sex differentiation and heterosexualism in Juglans mandshurica.
Application of ultrasonic bone knife combined with dental electric motor in the extraction of mandibular middle and low impacted teeth
Authors: Wang qian , Zhang T. H.
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical application of ultrasonic bone knife (UBK) combined with dental electric motor (DEM) in the extraction of mandibular middle and low impacted teeth.
Methods: From January 2022 to May 2023,200 patients with wisdom teeth were randomly divided into three groups: experimental group A (UBK combined with DEM) and experimental group B (UBK combined with high-speed turbine mobile phone (HSTMP)), control group (bone chisel split crown (BCSC)). The operation time, psychological state during operation, pain, swelling, limitation of mouth opening and other complications on the first, second and third days after operation were recorded.
Results: The operation time of experimental group A(EAG) (12.95 ± 2.12) minutes was shorter than that of experimental group B (EBG) (17.06 ± 2.25) minutes and control group (CG) (23.43 ± 2.18) minutes, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The psychological state of EAG was significantly lower than that of EBG and CG (P < 0.05). The postoperative pain, swelling, limitation of mouth opening and complications in the EAG were significantly lower than those in the EBG and CG (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: UBK combined with DEM in the extraction of mandibular middle and low obstructed teeth has good results, good prognosis, high safety, short operation time, better psychological status of patients, low postoperative pain, swelling, mouth opening restriction and complication rate, and is currently the preferred extraction method.
Speed approach for genetic analysis of quantitative traits in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes under sub temperate conditions of Western Himalayas using shuttle breeding
Authors: S Ranjeet Singh , Paul Satish
Published: May 2023

Gene action studies are important component to formalize the breeding programmes. In the present study, genetic components of variation for different traits were determined in one and half year using triple test cross approach along with shuttle breeding in linseed. Epistasis was observed significant for all studied traits. The [i] type epistasis was significant for days to 50%ﬂowering, days to 75% maturity, secondary branches per plant, capsules per plant, 1000-seed weight and aerial biomass per plant. [j +1] type epistatic interactions were significant for all the traits except seed yield per plant. The additive (D) and dominance (H) component were significant for all the studied traits. This illustrated that both additive and dominance gene actions controlling all the traits but in higher order as epistasis is also present. The average degree of dominance indicated the preponderance of additive type of gene action for aerial biomass per plant, primary branches per plant, seed yield per plant, secondary branches per plant, capsules per plant, days to 50% flowering, harvest index, seeds per capsule, days to 75% maturity and technical height,whereas non-additive type of gene action was preponderant for plant height and 1000-seed weight. The additive gene effects were predominant as compared to dominance effects for almost all of the traits along with seed yield per plant. Under such genetic control in the expression of traits, early generation selection might be beneficial for the improvement of these traits. However, where both additive and dominance gene actions prevail, genetic disassortative mating followed by recurrent selection methodmight be suitable approach towards the genetic improvement of the traits.
Material requirements planning system considering batch size and minimum order quantity for items of suppliers
Authors: Javadi Seyed Mahdi , Sadjadi Seyed Jafar , Makui Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Material requirements planning (MRP) is an intelligent information system and a decision maker that determines the type of raw materials, the amount of them, and their supplying time in order to realize production schedule of products and work-in-process items in a manufacturing system. The inputs of MRP model include bill of materials, master production schedule, lead times, and inventory of the items. The main output of the model is material supplying schedule, and MRP sub-outputs include purchase advice, control report for the consumed items, financial planning, budgeting, and so on.
If in each manufacturing system we split production costs into three kinds of raw material costs, salary costs, and overhead costs, in the real environment, 60-90 percent of total costs are related to raw material costs. Therefore, in each manufacturing system, it is necessary to consider an appropriate inventory control system to control the costs of inventory system and provide right inventory, with right amount, at the right time, at the right price, and with appropriate quality.
In this research, two constraints on the size of the packaging of goods and the minimum order amount that a supplier provides for a product are added to the model. By closing the existing gap, the mentioned model can be operationally implemented and provide appropriate decision-making outputs. Therefore, at first, we will review the introduction and previous researches that have been done in this field. Then, we will describe the components of the material requirements planning model. In the following, the above-mentioned two constraints are added to the model and the material requirements planning system is presented.
Chlorophyllin as a Photosensitizer in Photodynamic Antimicrobial Materials
Authors: Jiang Chenyu , Scholle Frank , Jin Fangyu , Wei Qufu , Wang Qingqing , Ghiladi Reza A.
Published: May 2023

Self-disinfecting materials that are both safe and scalable for production are increasingly in demand, particularly in healthcare settings where they can be used to combat hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Here, we employed the natural food colorant chlorophyllin (E140ii) as a photosensitizer to prepare photodynamic antimicrobial materials through both chemical conjugation and electrospinning, resulting in chlorophyllin-grafted cotton fabric (Chl-fabric) and chlorophyllin-embedded polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (Chl-NF), respectively. The materials were characterized by a number of physical methods, as was their ability to generate singlet oxygen upon visible light illumination. The best results with Chl-fabric yielded 99.998% inactivation of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium and 99.994% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus after 60 min visible light illumination (400–700 nm, 80 ± 5 mW/cm2), whereas Chl-NF inactivated both bacteria by 99.9999%. Feline calicivirus was also photodynamically susceptible, with 99.8% inactivation by both materials. Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae was not initially susceptible to photodynamic inactivation by Chl-NF, however addition of the photothermal agent MoS2 fully inactivated (99.9999%) this pathogen under NIR illumination, indicative of synergistic photothermal and photodynamic activities. These findings suggest that chlorophyllin can be used in photodynamic antimicrobial materials against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, and that its efficacy can be synergistically amplified in the presence of a photothermal agent against Gram-negative pathogens.
The Curative Effect of Acupuncture Therapy Under Artificial Intelligence Combined with Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Lung Cancer Patients and The Intervention Effect of Side Effects After Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhu Dabin , Cai Genghui , Lin Xiuyao , Zheng Yuebao
Published: May 2023

Objective:
this work aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of artificial intelligence-based acupuncture combined with comprehensive drugs in the treatment of lung cancer (LC) and its intervention effect in the side effects after chemotherapy.
Methods:
88 patients with LC confirmed in Affiliated Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University were studied. They were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (EG-laser acupuncture robot + integrated Chinese and Western medicine program) and the control group (integrated Chinese and Western medicine program), with 44 cases. The therapeutic effects and chemotherapy side effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.In the EG, the number of patients whose treatment effects were not significantly effective, effective, and ineffective was 2, 33, and 9, and the number of patients whose treatment effects were not significantly effective, effective, and ineffective was 3, 20, and 21, respectively in the controls, P < 0.05. After treatment, the scores of each dimension in the EG and controls were 30.7 ± 11.2 VS 33.9 ± 10.07, 20.08 ± 4.33 VS 24.5 ± 5.11, 8.77 ± 3.31 VS 11.6 ± 2.88, 8.33 ± 3.36 VS 9.36 ± 4.08, 3.22 ± 1.18 VS 5.31 ± 1.27, P <0.05. After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores of the EG and controls were 19.8 ± 6.06 and 23.6 ± 7.33, P < 0.05. After treatment, the number of patients with nausea and vomiting grade 0, I, II, III, and IV in the EG and controls was compared, and the results were 20 VS 7, 18 VS 3, 3 VS 20, 2 VS 10, and 1 VS 4, P < 0.05. After treatment, the PFS score of the EG was 4.87 ± 2.01, and the PFS score in the controls was 7.11 ± 1.68, P < 0.05. After treatment, the measured values of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ in the two groups were 56.08 ± 22.3 VS 52.9 ± 21.81, 35.2 ± 12.3 VS 31.3 ± 11.09, and 26.08 ± 7.74 VS 20.7 ± 8.35, P < 0.05. Acupuncture combined with integrated medicine has a high application value in the treatment of LC and the reduction of adverse reactions (AR).
No tension, no change? - Use and influencing factors of a Dutch nursing guideline on Activities of Daily Living (ADL) – a pilot implementation study
Authors: Cremer Svenja , Zwakhalen Sandra M.G. , de Man Janneke M. , Metzelthin Silke F. , Bleijlevens Michel H.C.
Published: May 2023

Background
Care for activities of daily living (ADL) performed by nursing professionals is poorly informed by scientific evidence. To address the nursing professionals’ need for guidance, we developed a clinical practice guideline on ADL care. This guideline comprises key recommendations (KRs) on involving care receivers and informal caregivers in ADL care, identifying ADL care needs, and effective ADL interventions. With the actual guideline use depending on different factors, insight into these influencing factors is necessary prior to the actual implementation. In a pilot implementation, we aimed to measure the use of KRs in various relevant care settings and to identify and explore these influencing factors.
Methods
In a pilot implementation study, mixed methods were applied where (1) nursing professionals weekly and retrospectively registered the frequency of the used key recommendations in a three-week period; (2) a survey was used to identify impeding and facilitating factors; and (3) focus groups were conducted to explore additional factors and how they influence KR use. Descriptive analysis was performed on registration and survey data, while focus group data was analyzed deductively.
Results
Seven nursing care teams participated from the hospital (n = 1), rehabilitation (n = 2), home-care (n = 1), and long-term care (n = 3). The use of KRs varied between KRs and across care settings, with the most frequently used KRs being on involving care receivers in ADL related care choices. KRs were least applied to assessing ADL functioning. The survey on factors influencing the implementation showed how the majority of factors across domains and care settings were generally perceived as facilitating, including the inner setting, the innovation itself, and individuals. Impeding factors mainly related to low tension for change and limited personal benefits. Additional constructs addressed in six focus group sessions included innovation characteristics (e.g. procedural clarity) and cooperation with care receivers.
Conclusions
The KRs generally appear implementable across care settings, with limited factors hindering the KR use. Despite the impression that the KRs are generally perceived as highly compatible with current norms and workflows, low tension for change raises questions on the awareness of current opportunities for improvement in ADL nursing care.
A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of Bcl2-associated athanogene 2(BAG2) in human tumors
Authors: Liu Qian , Tang Baoyuan , Wei Hong , Tian Binbin , Zhang Zuyu , Wang Yaoqiang , Luo Ruiying , Luo Changjiang
Published: May 2023

Background: As a major public health problem in the world, malignant tumor seriously threatens human life and health. The pathogenesis of cancer has been widely discussed. It is usually caused by the dysfunction of genes that regulate the basic process of cells. Studies have confirmed that Bcl-2-associated antiapoptotic gene 2 (BAG2) is widely expressed in a variety of malignant tumors. Through interaction with relevant signal molecules in the tumor microenvironment, BAG2 is involved in regulating tumor cell apoptosis,
proliferation, and migration. BAG2 is expected to become a new target for
tumor therapy in the future. Although emerging a large number of evidence supports the relationship between BAG2 and cancers, no pan-cancer analysis is available.
Methods and Results: We thus explored the potential oncogenic roles of BAG2 based on the datasets of TCGA (The cancer genome atlas) and GEO (Gene expression omnibus). The comprehensive analyses for BAG2 in various tumors, including gene expression, diagnosis, prognosis, immune-related features, genetic alteration, and function enrichment, were conducted based on multiple databases and analysis tools. Immunofluorescence to detect the locations of BAG2 in three cancer cell lines. To verify the results further, immunoblotting was used to measure the expression of BAG2 in KIRC patients’ tissue samples. The drug of BAG2 were analyzed by using the Drugbank database. Take together, from our comprehensive pan cancer analysis of BAG2, we found a statistical association between BAG2 expression and clinical prognosis, immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden or microsatellite instability of a variety of human cancers.
Conclusions: These results suggest that BAG2 might be served as prognostic biomarkers for cancer.
Development of microfibrillated cellulose yarn with guar gum
Authors: Colares Jair Rogério , Correia Pedro Ygor , Silva Fernando Da Silva , Menini Poliana Dariva , Silva Danillo Wisky , Oliveira Michel Picanço , Moulin Jordão Cabral
Published: May 2023

Cellulose microfibrils (MFC) have interesting characteristics that make them promise for applications in replacement of fossil-based products. This study aims at the production and characterization of monocomponent, bicomponent, and mixed bicomponent MFC yarns with guar gum (GG), using alcohol as solvent and coagulation time of 60, 90 and 120 seconds in the dry-wet-spinning process. The three types of yarn were possible to be produced and had good interaction between MFC and GG. The bicomponent yarns were greater mechanical and showed interesting specific resistance compared to aluminum and steel.
Establishment of a regeneration system for ‘Minihyang,’ a domestic citrus variety with high utility as a genetic resource
Authors: Jin Seong-Beom , Choi Cheol-Woo , Park Suk-Man , Kim Min Ju , Kim Jae-Hong , Yun Su-Hyun
Published: May 2023

Background Citrus ‘Minihyang’ is a novel citrus cultivar created through the hybridization of Citrus kinokuni and Citrus poonensis. This domestic cultivar has a small fruit size and high sugar content, making it highly valuable in the niche market both for ornamental and commercial purposes. Additionally, as a genetic resource, ‘Minihyang’ is highly valuable. However, the lack of a tissue culture system for ‘Minihyang’ could potentially constrain the utilization of bioengineering techniques for its cultivation. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a regeneration system for ‘Minihyang’ using cultured cells of unfertilized and undeveloped seeds in mature fruits.Results Somatic embryogenic cells were obtained on somatic embryogenesis induction modified Murashige and Tucker (SIME) medium, and the propagated cells were obtained through subculture at 4-week intervals in a modified Murashige and Skoog (EMS) medium. Rather than normal cotyledon-stage embryos, abnormal globular embryos were observed after 4 weeks of culture in an EMS medium containing 70 g·L− 1 lactose and 16 g·L− 1 agar. Through the regeneration of plants from these abnormal globular embryos, somatic embryos with developing shoots and roots were obtained within 3 weeks of culture in an EMS medium containing 0.05 M sorbitol and 0.05 M galactose as carbohydrate sources, 0.5 mg·L− 1 GA3, and 2 g·L− 1 gelrite. These embryos were transferred to and cultured in a basic MS medium enriched with 500 mg·L− 1 malt extract, 50 g·L− 1 sucrose, and 8 g·L− 1 agar to produce normal plants.Conclusions ‘Minihyang’ can serve as a promising genetic resource for developing bioactive cultivars using biotechnological techniques and can be used to breed cultivars that can be consumed whole.
Deep Ensemble Stacked Technique for the Classification of Liver Disease Using Artificial Neural Networks at the Base Level and Random Forest at the Meta Level
Authors: Bhusnurmath Rohini A. , Betageri Shivaleela
Published: May 2023

Liver is the most noticeable and metabolically active organs in the human body. Damage to this organ might result in liver failure and a loss of life. The early detection of liver infection is critical for effective therapy. The main goal of the research is to identify liver illness using machine learning and deep learning classification algorithms. The proposed "Deep ensemble stacked model" is implemented on the “Indian liver Patient Dataset”. An attempt is made to analyze the data through various pre-processing and visualization techniques to understand which factors affect the liver. An artificial neural network is used as the model's primary training and testing tool. The new training set is created for the meta-level consisting of base-level predictions. The random forest classifier is used at the meta level which serves as a meta classifier for the final prediction. The deep ensemble stacked model performed better than the most recent research with 98.29% of classification accuracy, 97.43% of precision, 100% of recall rate, and 98.69% of f1-score. To evaluate the effectiveness of the suggested approach, the outcomes are also contrasted with well-known machine and deep learning models.
Determinants of Sun Protection Behaviors among Students: A Path Analysis Based on the Protection Motivation Theory
Authors: Okati-Aliabad Hassan , Hosseini Esmat-Sadat , MorowatiSharifabad Mohammad Ali , Borzu Zahra Arab , Ardakani Mohamad Ebrahimzadeh , Shahreki Sajad
Published: May 2023

Background: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun increases the risk of skin cancer. Understanding the factors that influence the adoption of preventive behaviors is crucial for designing effective interventions. This study utilized path analysis based on the Protection Motivation Theory to identify these factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 501 students randomly selected from elementary schools in Zahedan. Participants completed an online self-administered questionnaire that assessed constructs of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), as well as demographic characteristics. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software to perform path analysis and predict sun protection behaviors
Results: Among the participants, 46.1% reported wearing long-sleeved clothing, 24.0% wore wide-brimmed sun hats, 23.0% used sunglasses, 21.2% applied sunscreen, 14.6% sought shade, 13.0% had used sunscreen in the last month, and 8% reapplied sunscreen after washing their hands. The PMT accounted for 46% of the variance in protection motivation and 30% of the variance in sun protection behaviors. Self-efficacy emerged as the strongest predictor of protection motivation (ß .50, p< 0.001). Additionally, self-efficacy (ß .23, p< 0.001) and response efficacy (ß .20, p< 0.001) were the strongest predictors of sun protection behaviors.
Conclusions: The PMT effectively predicts sun protection behaviors and interventions based on this theory can serve as a framework for skin cancer prevention interventions among students. Emphasizing self-efficacy to protect oneself from the harmful effects of UV rays should be a priority in programs aimed at promoting preventive behaviors among students.
An exceedingly rare case of separated drainage of the cystic duct, the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct documented on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Brandi Nicolò , Fiscaletti Marta , Renzulli Matteo
Published: May 2023

Anatomical variations of the intra- and extra-hepatic biliary system are common, including those affecting the course and insertion point of the cystic duct. Adequate knowledge of such variations and an appropriate roadmap before any surgical, endoscopic or percutaneous procedure help in preventing associated iatrogenic complications. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) can precisely delineate the anatomy of the biliary system preoperatively. We report the case of a 72-year-old female patient who presented with chronic right upper quadrant abdominal pain of 6 months duration, which had acutely worsened over the previous 2 weeks, and no other comorbidities. Blood tests were normal. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a slight dilatation of the common hepatic duct (10 mm) but no gallstones or sludge were demonstrated. MRCP excluded choledocholithiasis but revealed a cystic duct coursing medial to the common bile duct before anastomosing at the level of the ampulla of Vater. Trifurcation (Type 2 variant) of the intra-hepatic bile system was also observed. To the best of the Authors’ knowledge, this is the very first report of this exceptionally rare anatomic cystic duct anomaly on MRCP.
Deciphering the role of MFGE8 in lactation biology using CRISPR- CAS9 based gene editing in Buffalo mammary epithelial cells
Authors: VATS PREETI , Kumar Rohit , Kumar Raghvendra , Kaushik Jai K. , Mohanty Ashok K. , Kumar Sudarshan
Published: May 2023

Milk fat globule EGF factor 8 (MFGE8) also known as Lactadherin is a glycoprotein which plays a crucial role in mammary gland remodeling. Our group has previously identified MFGE8 as a marker associated with high milk yielding cows. Here, we have generated MFGE8 knock-out buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMEC) via CRISPR-cas9 technology to decipher its role in lactation biology. Among three gRNAs used to generate knock-outs, gRNA3 reduced MFGE8 expression with better efficiency which was confirmed at transcriptomic and proteomic level and the stable knock-out cells obtained were named mfge8-/-/gRNA3. The amplicon sequencing of the edited region using next generation sequencing (NGS) showed that 54% of total reads showed indels, 3-4 bp upstream to PAM site in 2nd exon. To comprehend the role of MFGE8, mfge8-/-/gRNA3 cells were examined for proteome level changes in comparison to wild type cells using an iTRAQ experiment. A total 4282 proteins were identified in mfge8-/-/gRNA3 cells and among them 178 were found to be differentially expressed above and below a threshold of ≥1.5 and ≤0.6. Majority of DEPs were found to be associated with regulation of hydrolase activity, endopeptidase activity and cytoskeletal organization and some DEPs including FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, KNG1, MT2A, CD82 and SERPINH1 belonged to genes associated with milk synthesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which provides a comprehensive proteome profile of MFGE8 knockout BuMEC and explores the downstream effects of disruption of MFGE8 gene. Overall, the present study will provide new insights into lactation biology.
Improved Security Authentication technique base on Machine Learning for IoT Networks
Authors: ALI ARSHAD ALI ARSHAD , Ali Imran Ali Imran
Published: May 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Corrosion Resistance of Unlacquered Chromium-Plated Steel Sheets – Study on the Influence of Pickling and Chemical Treatment Steps of the Production Process
Authors: Oliveira Alessandro D. , Bettencourt Gabriel F. , Santos João L.C. , de Jesus Daniela F.G. , Almeida Tatiana C.
Published: May 2023

The corrosion resistance of chromium-plated steel sheets produced on an industrial scale was investigated. Two parameters of the production process were considered: pickling and chemical treatment. The specimens were produced at the industrial plant considering two different pickling conditions and two different chemical treatments: non-electrolytic and electrolytic pickling and non-electrolytic and electrolytic passivation respectively. Accelerated corrosion tests in the humid chamber, microscopy analyses, analyses of roughness and content of trivalent chromium in the passivation film and analyses of the content of metallic chromium in the coating by coulometry technique were performed. The results showed a low corrosion resistance of the materials produced with the non-electrolytic passivation, regardless of the pickling condition. The highest degree of protection of the base steel was achieved for the specimen produced by using the electrolytic route for both pickling and chemical treatment steps. This condition produced a mass of trivalent chromium in the passivation film greater than 8.0 mg∙m−², which provided an effective performance of the chromium-plated steel sheet.
Investigation on high-strength low alloy 0.35Cr-1.9Ni-0.55Mo steel deposited on 20Cr substrate by wire and arc-based directed energy deposition
Authors: Vu Duong , Le Van Thao
Published: May 2023

This article aims to observe the microstructure, mechanical properties, and interface bonding of a 0.35Cr-1.9Ni-0.55Mo alloy deposited on 20Cr steel by wire and arc-based directed energy deposition (WA-DED). For this purpose, different characterization techniques such as optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and high-resolution X-ray diffractometer were used to analyze microstructure, chemical composition, and phases of the deposited material. Microhardness and tensile tests were also carried out. The results show that the microstructure of the deposited material is relatively homogeneous with a slight increase in grain size from the bottom to the top of the deposited part, thus resulting in a gradually decreasing trend in microhardness, from 288±16.78 HV0.1 (in the bottom) to 256±17.04 HV0.1 (in the top). The heat-affected zone (HAZ) is the hardest (301±2.70 HV0.1), while the substrate has the lowest microhardness (203±17.64 HV0.1). The tensile strengths of deposited materials are relatively isotropic in both the horizontal direction (HD) and vertical (VD) direction: UTSVD = 1013±9.29 MPa, USTHD = 985±24.58 MPa, YS(0.2%)VD = 570±4.51 MPa, and YS(0.2%)HD = 614±19.66 MPa. The tensile strengths of interface specimens are also comparable to those of the substrate materials (e.g., 951 vs. 972 MPa in UTS), indicating an excellent metallurgical bonding between the deposited and substrate materials. The results of this work confirm the efficiency of WA-DED technique to produce high-quality components in industry