bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CROSS-CULTURAL REALITIES IN THE JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Glinka Natalia , Usyk Galyna , Ilchuk Yuliya
Published: December 2016

The paper examines the journalistic discourse as a linguistic phenomenon in the socio-cultural realities. The relevance of the study is determined by the great interest of linguistic science to the issues of cross-cultural communication and their significance in teaching English as a foreign language. The journalistic discourse is a peculiar phenomenon of linguistics because it reflects socio-cultural features of specific communication space; it creates a language picture of the world of a certain culture and society through the specific socio-cultural lexical units – realities. The main aim of the study is to examine, analyze, summarize and systematize socio-cultural linguistic resources as a means of creating and transmitting linguistic awareness, revealing the pragmatic aspects of their functioning in the journalistic discourse. In order to achieve this goal the following steps have been taken: 1) to study the characteristics of the journalistic discourse; 2) to determine the specific genres of the journalistic discourse of the English language periodicals and mass media on-line resources; 3) to investigate the cognitive and pragmatic features of the vocabulary functioning, which reflect the peculiarities of the English language context of the socio-cultural aspect of the journalistic discourse; 4) to categorize and analyze the thematic and typological groups of socio-cultural realities and study their functions in the context. The possible application of the obtained results is to develop the scientific and teaching facilities in the field of foreign language learning and translation.
Survival Rate, Growth and Seedling Quality Index of Baringtonia Asiatica Kurz Stump Due to Length Variation of Stems and Roots
Authors: Suryawan Ady
Published: December 2016

There are 14805.14 ha of North Sulawesi coastal ecosystems  that has been damaged. Baringtonia asiatica Kurz (Keben) is one type of coastal plants that can be used to protect  coastal areas . Unfortunately, the propagation technique of Keben was not widely studied. This study aims to determine the characters of seedlings produced from the stumps of seed germination. The research used Complete Random Design with nine treatments, consisting of combination betwen three levels of  root length (0 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm), and three levels of the stems length (5 cm, 15 cm and 30 cm). Parameters for analysis include percent of success, growth and quality index. The results show that root length and stem length factors significantly affect the height and robustness value.  Treatment of root length of 10 cm and 5 cm rods allegedly produces the most excellent quality with the survival rates 93%, height 10.3 cm, diameter 1.08 cm, robustness value  2.03 and index of seed quality 1.35. Based on regulation of land rehabilitation, the height of 10 weeks stump have not qualified yet.
Timber Volume Estimation Model for Merchantable Tree Species in Sarmi Regency, Papua
Authors: Kuswandi Relawan
Published: December 2016

Precise forest inventory to estimate standing stock is needed in forest management planning.  Therefore, it is necessary to have proper and reliable tools in estimating merchantable timber volume. This research was intended to build an accurate model to estimate timber volume for  merchantable species in logging concession of PT Wapoga Mutiara Timber, Sarmi Regency.  Regression equation between diameter and length did not have a significant correlation (coefficient of determination, R2 = 6.7 %). The best equation to estimate table tree volume based on validation test in logging concession of PT Wapoga Mutiara Timber was Log V = - 3.34 + 2.16 log d.
Identification of Sampiri Birds Colonies Roosting Tree Species in Karakelang Island Talaud Islands North Sulawesi
Authors: Arini Diah Irawati Dwi
Published: December 2016

The aims of this study was to identify the species and describe the morpohology of roosting tree used by sampiri colonies. The research was conducted form February to May 2014. Direct observation and recording morphology characteristic of the roosting tree were used as methodology. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively and then displayed in the form of images and tables. There were six sampiri colonies  using different roost trees. The roost trees were gehe (Pometia corriacea Radkl), binsar (Ficus variegata Blume), lawean (Sterculia sp.), dominated by gehe.
Historical Museums in Israel: Semiotics of Culture
Authors: Mayer Gabriel
Published: December 2016

Tiny by physical size, the State of Israel retains some of the world’s most important cultural treasures, along with many other great cultural institutions. Archeological treasures have yielded much information as far as biblical history and have been well adapted to a Zionist narrative by both the Jewish press and international news organizations, such as the New York Times whose archives are replete with reports of Jewish history being dug up by the Jewish people. Once the State of Israel gained independence in 1948, the course was set for the development of historical museums whose discourse would reflect the most significant events in Jewish history, most especially the Holocaust and the state of constant warfare that continues to imbue the cultural consciousness of its citizens. In this paper we outline, through categorization, the various historical museums, which are currently operating. Furthermore, this article hopes to shed some light upon the cultural sensibilities conveyed through these institutions.
Doing Better in Bad Times
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: December 2016

Technical Directors Outlook

The oil bust is forcing change, which is often difficult and sometimes for the better.

Another major round of layoffs hit exploration and production workers late last year, as companies came to the painful conclusion that a recovery is not coming any time soon. The cost pressures behind those cuts are also a force for more positive changes in the industry, such as simplified project designs, revised completion designs, and the application of unconventional innovations to conventional exploration and production.

The seven technical directors on the SPE Board of Directors are concerned about the long-term impact of this wrenching period. They addressed the issue during a panel discussion on “Managing the Future Impact of Current Cost Cutting” at the 2015 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. And it was on their minds as they talked about the industry’s future for this article.

One danger they cite is that money saved now by reducing the number of experienced petroleum engineers could have financial consequences later in the form of more expensive wells that are less productive, or shortages of skilled professionals.

“It is very hard for any professional in the industry to lose his or her job,” said J.C. Cunha, SPE’s technical director for Management and Information, adding, “These people are capable of doing a lot of other things. They will not sit and wait 2 to 3 years when the industry begins to look for them.”

The industry is cutting expenses, but lasting productivity will depend on how it measures costs. “We have to make sure that the drive to cut costs doesn’t impact the cost-effectiveness of wells,” said David Curry, the technical director representing Drilling and Completions. Rather than focusing on the number of days it takes to drill, the industry should design and build wells to maximize profitable output.
Method for Adaptive Optimization of EOR Performance Under Uncertainty
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: December 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 173295, “Method for Adaptive Optimization of EOR Performance Under Uncertainty,” by N. Chugunov, T.S. Ramakrishnan, A. Lukyanov, and W.J. Bailey, Schlumberger, and D. Wilkinson, Efficient Solutions, prepared for the 2015 SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium, Houston, 23–25 February. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) performance may be assessed quantitatively through a variety of metrics. Because formation and fluid properties are often poorly characterized, however, performance predictions of EOR processes are uncertain. The authors present a method to reduce such uncertainty in EOR performance adaptively while identifying an optimal operational strategy for a given tolerance to risk. The proposed approach allows one to reduce uncertainty progressively in the predicted performance of an iteratively optimized EOR strategy by systematic reduction of uncertainty in identified properties of the reservoir.

Introduction

Classic approaches to optimization under uncertainty use a mean-variance approach. However, they do not provide necessary insight into the underlying nature of the uncertainties inherent in the optimized model. More importantly, they do not provide any specific quantitative guidance on reducing such uncertainty, which is necessary from an operational point of view. This issue is addressed in this study directly by combining global sensitivity analysis (GSA) with optimization under uncertainty, in an adaptive work flow, for systematic uncertainty reduction of the optimized model prediction. Application of GSA to address various problems arising in the industry has been discussed in a number of studies. However, these studies focused mainly on quantifying uncertainty for specific physical quantities and using that analysis to gain insight into the subsequent measurement-program design and interpretation.
An Integrated Methodology To Locate Oil Opportunities in Mature Reservoirs
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: December 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper IPTC 18004, “An Integrated Methodology To Locate the Remaining-Oil Opportunities in Mature Reservoirs in Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia,” by M.J. Zulhaimi, W.M.S. Wan Ibrahim, S. Sanyal, K.A. Zamri, M.N. Mohamad, and K.N.M. Zaini, EORC; R.D. Tewari, Petronas; and A.K. Pradhan, ADCO, prepared for the 2014 International Petroleum Technology Conference, Kuala Lumpur, 10–12 December. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

A matured field is currently producing with greater than 85% water cut (WC) and has significant levels of uncertainty with respect to oil/water contact (OWC), flank structure, depth of spill points, production allocation, and residual oil saturation. A robust work flow was developed to identify infill opportunities by integrating material-balance study, cased-hole-log information, water diagnostic plots, decline-curve analysis, and other information. The comprehensive locate-the-remaining-oil (LTRO) methodologies applied have been successful and have helped to estimate the potential reserves as well.

Introduction

The field is 20 km offshore Sarawak, Malaysia, in water depths of 100 ft. The field structure consists of a 30,000×9,000-ft elongated anticline running northeast/southwest and comprises a series of stacked reservoirs at a depth of 4,000 to 9,500 ft. The field is considered structurally simple, with a normal growth fault affecting only the deep reservoirs and no other faults visible on 2D seismic or in the wells.

The field reservoirs were deposited during the Late Miocene in a lower coastal plain to the coastal environment. The depositional environment of this field is dominated by a sequence of shore-face deposits. Sands are loosely consolidated, fine- to very-fine-grained, and interbedded with layers of silts and clays. Porosity ranges from 14 to 26%, with a fieldwide mean of 20%. The permeabilities are on the order of 50 to 3,000 md. Net sand thicknesses are less than 30 ft, with most individual sands at approximately 10 ft. The reservoirs are subdivided into three categories:

Shallow reservoirs at depths of 4,000 to 5,300 ft are characterized by large gas caps and mostly thin oil rims and are currently considered unfaulted.

Main reservoirs at depths of 5,300 to 6,000 ft with no gas caps are also currently considered unfaulted.

Deep reservoirs at depths of 6,000 to 9,500 ft can carry high pressures and are dissected by a northwestheaded growth fault with possible associated additional faulting.
Conditioning Mature Vertical Wells To Stimulate and Test Shale Productivity
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: December 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 172724, “Conditioning Pre-Existing Old Vertical Wells To Stimulate and Test Vaca Muerta Shale Productivity Through the Application of Pinpoint Completion Techniques,” by Pablo Forni, Capex, and Juan C. Bonapace, Federico Kovalenko, Mariano N. Garcia, and Federico Sorenson, Halliburton, prepared for the 2015 Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference, Manama, Bahrain, 8–11 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

One of the most promising targets for resource-rock stimulation in South America is the Vaca Muerta (VM) shale in western Argentina. It is common practice for operators to begin exploration projects with vertical wells; however, in the Neuquina basin, most already-existing vertical wells are not viable candidates to assess the VM because they were not designed as shale-type completions. This paper discusses the preparation of a well originally drilled in 1974 to allow for the new objective of hydraulic fracturing the VM shale, to test the productivity of its different intervals.

Introduction

This field consists of three main formations— Los Molles, Tordillo, and Lajas—and oil is produced in the northern part, known as Agua del Cajon. In the Agua del Cajon area, the VM formation consists of mudstones and, very sparingly, wackestones.

The maximum temperature and productivity-index (PI) values indicate that the thickness of the center and northern area is in an oil window, while southward is an early oil window or an immature formation. The Agua del Cajon has two distinct areas for its history and development—a central zone gas, currently in full production (El Salitral field) and a north zone (Agua del Cajon), the drilling and exploitation of which were very active in the 1970s and 1980. Development was completed with a secondary-recovery operation in the 1990s. The latter zone had approximately 30 wells, which had exhausted their economic output from productive areas.
Smart Kick Detection - First Step on the Well-Control-Automation Journey
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: December 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE/IADC 173052, “Smart Kick Detection—First Step on the Well-Control- Automation Journey,” by J.D. Brakel, SPE, and B.A. Tarr, SPE, Shell; W. Cox, Noble Drilling Services; and F. Jørgensen, SPE, and H.V. Straume, National Oilwell Varco, prepared for the 2015 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition, London, 17–19 March. The paper was peer reviewed and published in the September 2015 issue of SPE Drilling & Completion.

On the basis of safety performance results achieved through automation downstream, an operator set out to achieve the same advances in its upstream business. Automating the initial well-control response to an influx was the initial focus area, with the goal of assisting personnel in identifying and stopping any influx without delay. This led to collaboration between an operator, a rig contractor, and a rig-equipment supplier. This paper describes the development, deployment, and field testing of the first upgraded kick-detection system from this collaboration.

Introduction

Kick detection is a critical activity during well construction that typically involves the driller monitoring various inputs to determine if there is any indication of an influx of formation fluids into the well. From a kick-detection perspective, the majority of well-construction operations can be categorized into one of the following three activities that require the driller to use different kick-detection methods:

Drilling or circulating

Making connections

Tripping in or out

The primary kick indicators for drilling or circulating are increase in mud-return- flow rate (vs. mud flow in) and pit gain. While making connections, continued return flow with pumps off and pit gain are the primary indicators. While tripping in or out, continued return flow and trip-tank gain (vs. expected change) are the primary indicators.

Given the challenge of finding a way to automate the initial well-control response to a kick, it soon became apparent that setting a goal to provide the driller with a reliable kick-detection system that uses the three different methods, as currently taught for each of the listed activities, would be a good starting point.

To better understand what a “smart kick-detection system” might look like for a deepwater floating rig, the essential kick-detection and well-shut-in response steps were identified for each of the three relevant well-construction activities listed.

By combining these steps with appropriate reliability data, it was possible to conduct a sensitivity analysis on a number of the key variables to help define the opportunities for designing reliability into any new kick-detection system.
Plasma-Based Tool Facilitates Plugging and Abandonment
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: December 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 175431, “Use of Plasma-Based Tool for Plugging and Abandonment,” by Matus Gajdos, SPE, Tomas Kristofic, Slavomir Jankovic, Gabriel Horvath, and Igor Kocis, GA Drilling, prepared for the 2015 SPE Offshore Europe Conference and Exhibition, Aberdeen, 8–11 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Plugging and abandonment (P&A) is the largest category of decommissioning expenditures, representing 40–44% of the total investment. If the well operator performs P&A inadequately, results may include water flows, gas or oil seeps from the seabed, or underground crossflow between formations, with a huge effect on the environment and marine life. This paper presents current advances in the development of a plasma-based milling tool and its use in casing-section milling for P&A.

Introduction

Only 7% of existing North Sea installations have been decommissioned, which creates an enormous opportunity for companies engaged in such a business. Naturally, operators worldwide are seeking effective solutions that would cut the massive expenses of decommissioning.

Each P&A job depends on well construction, well location, production history, casing condition, and many other factors. From time to time, there is an option to use a rigless solution for P&A. In this case, the well is plugged without pulling tubular or milling casing. Cement plugs are set directly to the production string, and, after successful pressure tests of the plugs, wellhead and casing strings are cut with a special device a few feet under the seabed and removed to surface. P&A in a wet-tree scenario is more expensive. Because all operations occur under water, remotely operated vehicles are needed. For this type of P&A, the deployment of a heavy rig is preferred, which is more expensive. Present casing-milling technology consists of using the common casing-section mill. This mill is a hydraulically actuated tool used for milling a section in casing or tubing. The main part of the mill consists of milling knives dressed with tungsten carbide. Once the casing mill is run into the hole to the desired depth, the circulation of drilling mud starts.
Soil Mineralogy of a Vernal Pool Catena in Southern California
Authors: Hawkins W.A. , Graham R.C.
Published: December 2016

Core Ideas

Soil mineralogy, as with morphology, varies with slope position in the vernal pool watershed.

Vernal pool soil mineralogy is determined by parent material, weathering, relative solubility of elements, and hydrology.

Kaolin dominates on upper slope positions; smectite dominates on lower slope positions.

Vernal pools are seasonal wetlands that are noted for their unique flora and fauna. Soils are critical to the hydrologic function of the vernal pools, but few studies have examined the mineralogy of vernal pool soils in detail. In this study, the soil mineralogy of a vernal pool catena on basalt in southern California was investigated to identify the mineral components, their origin, and their relationship to the soil hydrologic environment. Kaolin and smectite are found in the soil clay fraction throughout the catena. Kaolin, derived from plagioclase weathering, is the predominant clay mineral in the loamy upper slope soils. Excess silica and other soluble cations from the weathering of plagioclase and pyroxene are carried in throughflow to the lower slope positions where they precipitate primarily as smectite, producing clayey Vertisols. Minor amounts of quartz and biotite are present in the soils, apparently from eolian deposition. The biotite is interpreted to weather to vermiculite, and subsequently to a trioctahedral smectite, which is found in both upper and lower slope soils. Slope wash has transported soil material, including trioctahedral smectite and kaolin, from the upper slope to lower slope soils. Two dioctahedral smectite species are distinguished in the basin soils based on d(060) spacings and are interpreted to have neoformed and transformed from biotite or pyroxene. The mineralogy of the vernal pool catena is differentiated by pedogenic processes related to mineral weathering, relative solubility of released elements, slope wash, and soil hydrology.
Descriptive analytics: its power to test the applicability of cross-national scales in exploratory studies
Authors: Durvasula Srinivas , Lysonski Steven
Published: December 2016

Conventional methodology for validating measures in consumer research relies on structural equation modeling. But, this procedure requires a fairly large sample size and a clear conceptualization of the relationship between individual items and various scale dimensions. Neither of these requirements may be met in exploratory cross-national studies. Hence, this paper addresses scale validation issues in exploratory cross-national research, where sample size is a major concern. Specifically, it uses cross-national data on the vanity measure as an exemplar and a battery of descriptive analytics to show how to assess scaling assumptions, reliability, and dimensionality of consumer behavior measures. The scale validation procedure the authors describe in this paper has implications for researchers who use multi-item rating scales as measures of consumer behavior constructs.
Keywords: cross-cultural, scale validation, exploratory research, cross-national, scale applicability JEL Classification: L1, L13, D11, D12, M31
Comparison of phosphorus recovery from incineration and gasification sewage sludge ash
Authors: Parés Viader Raimon , Jensen Pernille Erland , Ottosen Lisbeth M. , Thomsen Tobias P. , Ahrenfeldt Jesper , Hauggaard-Nielsen Henrik
Published: December 2016

Incineration of sewage sludge is a common practice in many western countries. Gasification is an attractive option because of its high energy efficiency and flexibility in the usage of the produced gas. However, they both unavoidably produce sewage sludge ashes, a material that is rich in phosphorus, but which is commonly landfilled or used in construction materials. With current uncertainty in phosphate rock supply, phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge ashes has become interesting. In the present work, ashes from incineration and gasification of the same sewage sludge were compared in terms of phosphorus extractability using electrodialytic (ED) methods. The results show that comparable recovery rates of phosphorus were achieved with a single ED step for incineration ashes and a sequential combination of two ED steps for gasification ashes, which was due to a higher influence of iron and/or aluminium in phosphorus solubility for the latter. A product with lower level of metallic impurities and comparable to wet process phosphoric acid was eventually obtained from gasification ashes. Thus, gasification becomes an interesting alternative to incineration also in terms of phosphorus separation.
Parallel disasters: Wars and biodiversity loss in mountain areas
Authors: Schirone Bartolomeo , Al-Hirsh Iman , Al-Qaddi Nisreen , Battisti Corrado , Vessella Federico , Marras Tatiana , Ortolani Maria Raffaella
Published: December 2016

It is widely accepted that the Mediterranean Basin is a prominent hotspot of biodiversity hosting a significant richness of plant lineages and fauna.Â  Projected trends in the context of global change suggest this area will cope with strong increases in temperature and decreases in precipitation with consequent effects on forests and ecosystem services. Upward shifts of species range and/or mass extinction are expected to occur on a broad scale, especially in the Mediterranean.Â  Here, mountain ecosystems would undergo the most severe reduction and fragmentation events.Â  Further human based impacts aggravate the effects of global warming.Â  Among them, wars and civil disorders seriously affect mountain landscapes, marking them over time.Presently, many threats of war are occurring in the Mediterranean and mostly in mountain areas at a high level of biodiversity. Furthermore, these same scenarios are overlapped with global warming, thus exposing many species to an actual risk of extinction.The aim of this study was to find a solution to the disturbances created in the forest ecosystem by the consequences of war of an identified area in the Mediterranean basin.
Emisión de gases de efecto invernadero por uso de combustibles fósiles en Ibagué, Tolima (Colombia)
Authors: Andrade-Castañeda Hernán Jair , Arteaga-Céspedes Cristhian Camilo , Segura-Madrigal Milena Andrea
Published: December 2016

El cambio climático es causado por el aumento de las concentraciones de los gases de efecto invernadero (gei), especialmente, por el CO2. Estas concentraciones son provocadas por la proliferación del uso de combustibles fósiles. Los sistemas forestales pueden absorber carbono en la biomasa y mitigar el problema del cambio climático. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la emisión de gei de acuerdo con la venta de combustibles fósiles en Ibagué y plantear opciones de mitigación con sistemas de producción en el Tolima. Mediante revisión de literatura, se determinó el número de estaciones de servicio en el casco urbano de Ibagué. A través de encuestas a empleados que atienden al público, se estimó la venta de cada combustible estudiado (gasolina, diésel y gas natural vehicular-gnv) y, con base en la totalidad de estaciones y en los factores de emisión, se calculó la emisión total de gei para cada uno de estos combustibles en la ciudad. Se plantearon opciones de mitigación como cafetales, cacaotales o plantaciones de teca. Se estimó una emisión de 368 Gg CO2e/año (1 Gg = 10⁹ g) por ventas de combustibles fósiles equivalente a 718 kg CO2e/persona/año. Estas emisiones deberían ser mitigadas con reducciones en el uso de combustibles fósiles o mediante el establecimiento de sistemas de producción que fijen el CO2.
DEVELOPING A MEASURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT’S FINANCIAL CONDITION
Authors: Ritonga Irwan Taufiq
Published: December 2016

This study develops an instrument to measure the financial condition of local governments(LG) in Indonesia. The instrument will serve as an early warning system for local governments’financial management. The instrument to measure their financial condition consists of sixdimensions, namely short-term solvency, long-term solvency, budgetary solvency, service-levelsolvency, financial flexibility, and financial independence. Each dimension has its own indicators.There are a total of eighteen indicators examined in this study. These indicators are combinedto form a composite index, called a Financial Condition Index (FCI). The reliability andvalidity of the composite index is analyzed and the results show that the measures developed inthis study are reliable and valid. In addition, the instrument possesses the criteria of a goodmeasure: it is theoretically sound, a comprehensive assessment, it has predictive ability, distinctiveability, it is practical, objective, and a resistant to manipulation and gaming.Keywords: financial condition, local government, short term solvency, long term solvency,budgetary solvency, service-level solvency, financial flexibility, financial independence
STUDENT PERCEPTION ON BUSINESS ETHICS
Authors: Suwardi Eko , Artiningsih Arika , Novmawan M. Ridwan
Published: December 2016

Many research conducted on the behavior of business persons and their perception on businessethics. However, rarely similar study deals with the perception of students on businessethics. Indeed, students are our future generation who are going to have substantial role inIndonesian business and economy. Therefore this study focuses on students as a proxy for futurebusiness players in this country (Trawick and Draden, 1980). We compare among groups ofstudents based on their maturity, formal business ethic education, gender and specific professionalbackgrounds. The results of analysis show that in general students have good perceptionon business ethics. Further, there is a significant different perception on business ethics amongstudents with different academic maturity, professional background. Student with businessbackground are less ethical compare to those are with non-business background. This may consistentwith previous evidence found that ethical principles need to be introduced more tobusiness students. In contrast, there is no different perception on business ethics among studentwith different gender groups and formal business ethics course. This could be business ethicsformal education takes time to be internalized by participants or student with no formalbusiness ethics course also learn business ethics from other sources.Keywords: students, perceptions, business ethics
THE POWER OF PRODUCT LEADERSHIP IN GENERATING CUSTOMERS’ INTENTIONS TO BUY: THE CASE OF DAGADU
Authors: Santosa Markus Surkamta Eric
Published: December 2016

Marketing products is frequently not easy. Besides the need for brands and/or products to be recognized by consumers, they must be prominent among the other brands and/or products, which hopefully in turn will develop an interest in them and the intention to buy. The prominent brands and/or products usually become so because they comprise of a number of factors, such as good quality, good design, and good customer value. In addition, the performances of thebrands and/or products really meet the consumers’ expectations, and conform to the consumers perceptions of them. While the consumers’ intentions to buy are generally generated by their attitudes and subjective norms, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of product leadership in producing the customers’ intention to buy through the customers’ perception of value and quality. Data were acquired from a sample which consisted of 100 respondents who were interested in and wanted to buy Dagadu T-shirts. The sample itself was withdrawn by using the judgment method. The data were then analyzed using Amos 5.0 and SPSS 16.0. The result showed that product leadership affected consumers’ perception of value and quality, which sequentially generated the consumers’ intention to buy through the consumers’ attitude and subjective norm.Keywords: product leadership, perceived quality, perceived value, intention to buy
TASK-TECHNOLOGY FIT AND PERSON-JOB FIT: A BEAUTY CONTEST TO IMPROVE THE SUCCESS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Suryani Woro Dwi , Sumiyana Sumiyana
Published: December 2016

This study raises the issue that information system success could be enhanced by complementingother factors. This study investigates the success of information systems by inducing2the task-technology fit (TTF) and person-job fit (PJF) into the DeLone and McLean model. Thisstudy aims to examine, among the two induced factors, which one is able to explain andimprove the success of the information systems implementation.The results of this study indicate that the TTF explains the models’ goodness of fit betterthan that of the PJF when induced into the modified DeLone and McLean model. This studyimplies this in terms of both theory and practice. Theoretically, this research presents an alternativeresearch model that can be used to investigate the success of information systems byconsidering the aspect of the users’ cognitive suitability (the cognitive fit theory). Furthermore,practically, this study suggests the importance of focusing on users’ skills and competenciesand, subsequently, management should do so. Additionally, the TTF recommends a simpleproposition that it could be attached immediately into the individuals’ skills and competencies.However, the PJF needs to be deeply embedded in the job’s qualifications and recruitmentpolicies.Keywords: DeLone and McLean Model, inducement, task-technology fit, person-job fit
Analysis of Patients Visiting Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital with Chief Complaints of Metal Allergy and/or Focal Infection in the Previous 8 Years
Authors: Akiba Yosuke , Tomizuka Ken , Kaku Masaru , Kawasaki Maiko , Nagasawa Masako , Takano Ryohei , Uoshima Katsumi
Published: December 2016

Dental metal allergy and dental focal infection are possible causes of dermatological diseases, but have been the subjects of few reports to date. We have been treating such patients in our special clinic for more than 20 years.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mouths of patients visiting our dental hospital over an 8-year period, with the aim of clarifying whether dental metal allergy and/or dental focal infection affects their dermatologic conditions.We surveyed all clinical records of the 185 patients who visited Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital with chief complaints of dental metal allergy since 2002. Diagnostics of skin diseases, periodontal records, periapical lesions, dental caries, dental metal series patch test results and Electron Probed Micro-Analysis (EPMA) data were investigated. Ninety-two (49%) patients were suffering from pustulosis palmaris et plantaris and 20 (11%) patients had lichen planus. Eighty-two (49%) patients showed positive reactions on patch testing. Based on the result of patch tests, Ni showed the highest positivity rate (62%, 51 patients), but on EPMA, the number of patients with Ni as an allergen was 14 (27%). On the other hand, more than 98% of patients who showed positive reactions on patch test to Pd and Au had these metals in their dental prostheses. In addition, 112 (60%) patients showed the possibility of dental focal infections
Influence of Exposing Root Canal Dentin to Calcium Hydroxide on Its Flexural Strength
Authors: Ratih Diatri Nari
Published: December 2016

Calcium hydroxide has been used extensively in endodontic treatments, for instance as an intra-canal dressing; however, the exposure of root canal dentin to calcium hydroxide may affect its flexural strength and could have important clinical implications for endodontic treatment. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of calcium hydroxide on the flexural strength of root canal dentin.Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolars were used in this study. Each tooth was instrumented using crown-down technique and was irrigated using sterile saline. The teeth were assigned into three groups of 24 each. The prepared root canal system of each tooth was filled with calcium hydroxide mixed with sterile saline (group 1), a calcium hydroxide commercially available product (UltraCal®) (group 2) or saline solution (group 3, as control). The apices and access opening were sealed using composite resin, and the teeth were immersed in artificial saliva. After 7, 14 and 30 days of immersion, the inner root canal dentin of 8 teeth respectively from each group were sectioned to create dentin bars (1 X 1 mm, with 7 mm in length). Each dentin bar then was subjected to a three-point bending flexural test using MTS (Universal Testing Machine). Data gathered were then analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test with the level of significance of 95%. The results showed that exposure to calcium hydroxide either using calcium hydroxide mixed with sterile saline or UltraCal® for 14 and 30 days can reduce flexural strength of root canal dentin compared to control group (p<0.05). In contrast, after 7 days exposure, there was no significantly different of flexural strength between three groups (p>0.05).   It can be concluded that calcium hydroxide reduced the flexural strength of root canal dentin. The longer the exposure to calcium hydroxide would produce a greater effect on flexural strength of root canal dentin.
Gender Dependence In Mouth Opening Dimensions In Normal Adult Malaysians Population
Authors: Shaari Ramizu , Hwa Teoh Eng , Rahman Shaifulizan Abdul
Published: December 2016

While measurement of mouth opening is an important clinica examination in diagnosis and management of oral disease, data on non-Western populations are limited. This study was therefore conducted to determine the range of mouth opening in normal Malaysian male and female adults. A total of 34 dental students of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) were chosen randomly and their maximum mouth opening was measured after being asked to open their mouth sufficiently to accommodate three fingers. Measurement was performed from the edge of the upper incisor to the lower incisor using a caliper divider. The difference of median values between male (47.6 mm) and female (40.8 mm) were significant respectively (p<0.05). Thus the width of mouth opening in Malaysian student population is gender dependent although further study with a larger sample size and with other ethnic groups should be carried out, focusing on age.
Effects of Lidocaine Concentration on Streptococcus Mutans Bacteria
Authors: Haryono Muhammad Wildan Hari Subagya , Rahajoe Poerwati Soetji
Published: December 2016

Lidocaine is one of the local anesthetics agents that are frequently used in dentistry. Streptococcus mutan is a gram-positive, facultatively an aerobic bacterium commonly found in human oral cavity. The study aims to find out the effects of Lidocaine concentration against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The study used experimental design with liquid and solid dilution method to find out bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal effects of Lidocaine concentration. The test bacteria used in the study are the ones, which have been compared with Mcfarland standard solution with 10μCFU/ML concentration. The Lidocaine concentrations were 2%, 1%,0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, 0.0625%, 0.03125%, 0.015625%, and 0.007812%. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney methods were used for the statistical test. The result of the study suggests that Lidocaine concentration has effects against Streptococcus mutans bacteria in the concentrations of 2%, 1% and 0.5%, to inhibit bacterial growth (p<0.05), but there was no bacteriocidal potential of Lidocaine concentration against Streptococcus mutans bacteria (p>0.05).
Systemic IL-1β and TNF-α Productions of E. coli Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Periodontitis Model on Rats
Authors: Jonarta Alma Linggar , Asmara Widya , Astuti Indwiani , Tandelilin Regina TC
Published: December 2016

Periodontal disease, a common inflammatory oral disease involved periodontal tissues, has been linked with the evidence of some systemic disorders. Recently, periodontal disease has been suspected as a trigger of systemic disorders. Penetration of bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may reach into deeper periodontal tissues. Therefore there may affect systemic blood and cytokines production. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Tumour Nuclear Factor-α (TNF-α) are known as pro-inflammatory cytokines. The production of systemic IL-1β and TNF-α of E. coli lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis model on rats was investigated in this research. Fifteen male Wistar rats, aged 6-8 weeks used for this study were divided into 3 groups. For group 1 and 2, silk ligature 3/0 were inserted in interdental area between upper right molar 1 and 2. First and second group received solution containing 10μg/ml and 1mg/ml E. coli lipopolysaccharide, respectively, mixedwith 2% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) diluted in 100μl of phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The solution was topically applied on gingival tissues around the gingival sulcus, a single topical application of solution onceper 2 days for 14 days. Untreated subjects were used as negative control. On day 15, the blood was collected from vena orbitalis, and rats were sacrificed. The blood serum of each group was divided into 2 groups andcultured for 4 hours with or without 20μl of 100ng/ml of E. coli LPS. ELISA techniques were used to measure the cytokine productions of the supernatant. The data was analysed using Repeated Measure ANOVA. This study showed that there was a significant increase of IL-1β production on low dose of LPS compared to control and high dose of LPS groups (p<0.05). Whereas TNF-α not significantly showed increasing trend. The increasing trend of pro-inflammatory cytokine productions, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, on LPS-induced periodontitis model in this experiment supports the previous studies about the contribution of periodontal disease in the pathogenesis of systemic diseases.
Effect of Allicin for Re-epithelialization During Healing in Oral Ulcer Model
Authors: Novianty Renny Ayu , Chrismawaty Bernadetta Esty , Subagyo Goeno
Published: December 2016

Allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate) is the main component of fresh garlic with multi-bioactivities as therapeutic agent. Recently, allicin is being proposed as alternative therapy for aphthous ulcer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of topical allicin in aqueous garlic extract on re-epithelialization during healing of acetic acid induced oral ulcer model. Thirty males SD rats aged 2 months were equally divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. After sedated with 0.2 ml intramuscular Ketamine injection, ulcer model was made by applying 99.5% glacial acetic acid-moistened paper disc on rat buccal mucosa. This would gene- rate an immediate necrotic tissue, which produced a single crateriform ulcer in each of the experimental rats for the next two days.  In the experimental group, one drop of allicin was applied twice daily onto the lesion. Three rats in each group were sacrificed on days 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 after induction and were recorded as H0, H1, H4,H7 dan H10 groups, respectively. The tissue samples from buccal mucosa were processed for HematoxylinEosin (HE) staining, and then evaluated histologically. Re-epithelialization was assessed by measuring the thickness of the epithelium using an ocular micrometer under a light microscope. Data were analyzed statistically by Independent t-test with significant p-values of <0.05 (95%). Based on histological findings and trend graphs, it can be concluded that the topical application of allicin can accelerate re-epithelialization of ulcer healing process. This study suggests that allicin in aqueous garlic extract could be developed as therapeuticagent for aphthous ulcer
CDHA Ceramic Microspheres for Periodontitis Treatment: Synthesis, Characterization and Doxycycline Release Profiles
Authors: Victor Sunita Prem , Kumar TS Sampath
Published: December 2016

The present study is focused on the development of doxycycline loaded calcium–deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) microspheres for the treatment of periodontitis. The CDHA microspheres were formed by liquid immiscibility effect using gelatin and paraffin oil with varying Ca/P ratios using calcium hydroxide and diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate as precursors. The morphology of the microspheres as characterized by SEM was optimized by varying the gelatin content. The doxycycline incorporation and its release profiles were studied by UV-Visible spectroscopy in phosphate buffer at physiological conditions. The pH of the buffer solution was initially optimized to have maximum amount of drug loading. Doxycycline loading around the physiological pH of 7 has the highest amount of drug incorporation. All the microspheres exhibit similar release profiles with an initial gradual increase reaching a maximum value and then nearly constant release. The microspheres formed using 6% gelatin shows maximum amount of drug release of 80%.
Causal Nexus between Government Debt, Exports and Economic Growth for Three Eurozone Countries: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Dritsakis Nikolaos , Stamatiou Pavlos
Published: December 2016

The relationship between government debt, exports and economic growth has been the focus of a considerable number of academic studies in recent years. The economic crisis, which started in the United States mortgage market, quickly went global when mortgage-backed securities traded by financial institutions. Europe’s response was immediate regarding the measures to tackle the crisis. The establishment of common strategies was the long term goal of the European Union (EU). This paper examines the relationship between government debt, exports and economic growth in the EU countries with the highest level of government debt, using panel data over the period 1990-2014. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) methods are used to estimate the long run relationship between the variables. In addition, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is used in order to investigate the causal relationship between the examined variables. The empirical results of the study revealed that there are both short and long run relationships. Findings suggest that that there is a unidirectional causality running from exports to economic growth as well as from exports and economic growth to government debt. The results provide evidence to support the export led-growth hypothesis. Exports are an important factor for economic development. Moreover, the results reveal that government debt is affected by exports both directly and indirectly through economic growth. Policy implications are then explored in the conclusions.
Novel Protein Glycan–Derived Markers of Systemic Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein in Relation to Glycemia, Insulin Resistance, and Insulin Secretion
Authors: Lorenzo Carlos , Festa Andreas , Hanley Anthony J. , Rewers Marian J. , Escalante Agustin , Haffner Steven M.
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE

N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) and sialic acid (GlycB) moieties of glycosylated serum proteins are nonspecific measures of inflammation, but conclusive data on their relationship with insulin resistance or insulin secretion are missing. Therefore, we aimed to examine the relation of GlycA, GlycB, and C-reactive protein (CRP) to direct measures of insulin sensitivity (insulin sensitivity index [SI]) and insulin secretion (acute insulin response [AIR]).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This study used cross-sectional analyses and included 1,225 participants with and without type 2 diabetes in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). SI and AIR were measured using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, and GlycA and GlycB were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

RESULTS

GlycA and GlycB had a strong correlation with CRP (r = 0.60 [P < 0.001] and r = 0.46 [P < 0.001], respectively). In a linear regression model with both GlycA and CRP as independent variables, GlycA (β × 1 SD, −0.04 ± 0.02; P < 0.01) and CRP (−0.06 ± 0.02; P < 0.001) were independently associated with SI even after adjusting for demographics, smoking, physical activity, plasma glucose, and BMI. However, neither CRP nor GlycA had an independent relationship with AIR.

CONCLUSIONS

GlycA may complement CRP in evaluating the relationship between inflammation, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.