bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint MR T1 and T2* Parameter Mapping with Scan Specific Unsupervised Networks
Authors: Heydari Amir , Kim Tae , Ahmadi Abbas , Bilgic Berkin
Published: August 2024

We introduce a new method for joint T1 and T2* MR parameter mapping in MAPLE framework which takes advantage of multi-echo multi-flip angle (MEMFA) gradient echo data. It combines joint reconstruction of MEMFA data with a joint relaxation signal model to improve parameter estimation. The proposed method estimates T1 and T2* parameters jointly with enough flexibility to incorporate different standard and state-of-the-art reconstruction methods, including zero-shot self-supervised learning (ZS-SSL) reconstruction. It improves the reconstruction performance of the methods with learnable parameters by offering a physics-based additional regularization into their optimization process and exploiting spatio-temporal correlations.
In vivo T1 and T2* relaxation times of fast relaxing tissues of the healthy knee
Authors: Rothe Maik , Riedel Selina , Deistung Andreas , Richard Brill , Wohlgemuth Walter , Gussew Alexander
Published: August 2024

In this study, we used a method for fast in vivo T1 and T2* mapping of fast relaxing tissues of the knee using a high resolution 3D spoiled gradient ultrashort echo time research application sequence with spiral read out to quantitatively describe different tissues. We manually segmented 10 different tissues in five healthy young volunteers and found good agreement with literature values for fast relaxing tissues. The bivariate histograms showed tissue specific clusters, which can be used for tissue differentiation. Additional information, such as phase images, could further improve bivariate histogram-based tissue differentiation and should be explored in future studies.
Quantification of dynamic changes in sodium corticomedullary gradient in human kidney using 23Na MRI
Authors: Akbari Alireza , Lemoine Sandrine , Gast Lena , Müller Max , Nagel Armin , Tamasi Tanya , Dorie Justin , Scholl Timothy , McIntyre Christopher
Published: August 2024

In this work we demonstrate the use of sodium image histogram as an objective method to quantify dynamic changes in sodium corticomedullary gradient in the human kidney.
Improving Kidney Volume Measurement Reproducibility in ADPKD by Averaging Measurements on Multiple Sequences
Authors: Dev Hreedi , Zhu Chenglin , Sharbatdaran Arman , Raza Syed , Wang Sophie , Romano Dominick , Goel Akshay , Teichman Kurt , Moghadam Mina , Shih George , Blumenfeld Jon , Shimonov Daniil , Chevalier James , Prince Martin
Published: August 2024

Organ volume measurements on MRI are typically performed on a single pulse sequence because of the tedious process of manual contouring. Here we use deep learning to automate kidney segmentations so that kidney volume can be measured on five abdominal MRI sequences. In 17 subjects scanned twice within 3 weeks (when no change in kidney volume was expected), the power of averaging 5 measurements improved reproducibility, achieving 2.5% absolute percent difference compared to 5.9% with manual contouring (p<0.05). Absolute percent error was reduced further to 2.1%, p<0.05 compared to manual segmentations, by excluding outlier measurements.
Radiomics Nomogram Based on Multi-scale MRI for the Prediction of Microvascular Invasion in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Qian Xianling , Zhang Yunfei , Miao Gengyun , Dai Yongming , Zeng Mengsu
Published: August 2024

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant adverse prognostic indicator of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and affects the selection of individualized treatment regimen. However, the preoperative imaging-based identification of MVI status is rather difficult. This study sought to establish a multi-sequence and multi-scale MR image-based radiomics nomogram for the presurgical prediction of MVI in ICC.
Quantitative 3D tumor enhancement on contrast-enhanced MR imaging in patients with HCC after TACE: a consistency evaluation
Authors: Gong Xu Hua , Lv Lei , Qian Li Jun
Published: August 2024

Quantitative European Association for the Study of the Liver (qEASL) can better evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Conventional qEASL is often achieved semi-automatically, which is tedious, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. In this study, we provide and assess an automatic qEASL approach based on a VoxelMorph and Faster R-CNN framework named Shukun PortalDoc. We compared the consistency of the proposed method with the widely accepted semi-automatic software (MultiModality Tumor Tracking, Philips IntelliSpace Portal, Philips healthcare) in assessing qEASL of hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE.
Self-supervised Denoising of Pulmonary Perfusion Imaging in Human Subjects and Swine
Authors: Sun Changyu , Emter Craig , Tharp Darla , Altes Talissa
Published: August 2024

Self-supervised learning denoising networks can be applied to noisy only datasets when the clean-noisy pairs are not available, which is suitable for dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) pulmonary imaging where SNR is low and no ground truth clean image can be acquired. Blind-spot network with asymmetric pixel-shuffle downsampling (AP-BSN) was trained to utilize the advantages of self-supervised BSN and improve the denoising performance for pixel-wise independent and dependent noise. AP-BSN denoised images showed improved image quality by human reader assessment. AP-BSN showed generalization ability from human subjects to swine and from 1.5T to 3T.
3D MR Elastography-based Prediction of the Histologic VETC Pattern Associated with Aggressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Mengsi , Zheng Keni , Yin Ziying , Zhang Lina , Zhou Jinhui , Zhang Dingyue , Chen Jun , Glaser Kevin J. , Ehman Richard L. , Wang Jin
Published: August 2024

A histologic sign known as “vessels encapsulating tumor clusters” (VETC) has been shown to be a powerful predictor of aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with unfavorable prognosis. It has been previously demonstrated that MR elastography (MRE)-based stiffness and shear strain mapping are promising in prediction of HCC aggressiveness. We investigated the diagnostic performance of MRE for predicting the VETC finding in HCC. Our results showed that 3D MRE-based peritumor OSS-pLSL and tumor stiffness performed well in predicting VETC status preoperatively, and their combination achieved an AUC of 0.92 in predicting VETC with sensitivity (87.9%) and specificity (83.9%).
Prediction of visceral pleural invasion in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer by T2WI
Authors: Zhang Ning , Liu Bei , Shi Gaofeng , Xu Qian , Feng Hui , Liu Hui , Zhang Chen , Yang Fan
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the clinical value of MRI T2WI for VPI in early-stage NSCLC. Four MRI signs of VPI in lung cancer were summarized by MR T2WI of patients with early-stage NSCLC suspected of VPI. Among them, category 3 signs and category 4 signs had higher positive predictive values. This indicates that T2WI is useful in the prediction of VPI in early-stage NSCLC.
Tumor segmentation with nnU-Net on dynamic contrast enhanced MR images of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Xu Zhan , Pashapoor Sanaz , Panthi Bikash , Son Jong Bum , Hwang Ken-Pin , Adrada Beatriz , Candelaria Rosalind , Guirguis Mary , Patel Miral , Le-Petross Huong , Leung Jessica , Scoggins Marion , Whitman Gary , Mohamed Rania , Lane Deanna , Moseley Tanya , Perez Frances , White Jason , Ravenberg Elizabeth , Clayborn Alyson , Chen Huiqin , Sun Jia , Wei Peng , Thompson Alastair , Korkut Anil , Huo Lei , Hunt Kelly , Moulder Stacy , Litton Jennifer , Valero Vicente , Tripathy Debu , Yang Wei , Yam Clinton , Rauch Gaiane , Ma Jingfei
Published: August 2024

Quantitative image analysis of cancers requires accurate tumor segmentation that is often performed manually. In this study, we developed a deep learning model with the self-configurable nnU-Net for automated tumor segmentation on dynamic contrast enhanced MR images of triple negative breast cancers. Our results on an independent testing dataset demonstrated that this nnU-Net based deep learning model can perform automated tumor segmentation with high sensitivity and Dice coefficient.
To Compare the Application Value of Reduced Field-of-View IRIS-DWI Sequence and TSE-DWI Sequence in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Zeng Jianwei , Zhang Haini , Meng Yankai , Han Lu , Wu Peng , Xu Kai
Published: August 2024

The rFOV IRIS-DWI and rFOV TSE-DWI sequences are newer techniques in rectal magnetic resonance. In this study, we compared the image quality between reduced field-of-view (rFOV) diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) sequence based on image reconstruction using image-space sampling functions (IRIS) and rFOV turbo spin echo-diffusion weighted imaging (TSE-DWI) sequence. Through subjective and objective image quality analysis, we found different application values of rFOV IRIS-DWI and rFOVTSE-DWI sequences in rectal cancer.
Serum Biomarkers for Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer Patients on Active Surveillance by Untargeted 1H MRS Metabolomics
Authors: Cheng Leo , Rumpf Florian , Gonzalez Matteo Sanchez-Dahl , Feldman Adam
Published: August 2024

HRMAS 1H MRS was employed for an untargeted investigation of metabolism in prostate cancer patients on AS (n=52). Serum samples from two matched patient groups, progressive (n=26) and non-progressive (n=26) were measured with short and long T2 filter to investigate metabolites in the lipoprotein and LMWM regions respectively. PCA on 46 ROI from data acquired by HRMAS 1H MRS with short T2 resulted in a metabolomic profile, PC7, that separated the progressive and non-progressive groups (p = 0.0323). The findings of such studies could revolutionize healthcare by improving the diagnosis of diseases and contributing to multi-omics integration for precision medicine.
Ferumoxytol-Enhanced 5D ROCK-MUSIC with Low-rank Tensor Reconstruction: Initial Feasibility in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Zhao Zixuan , Lee Hsu-Lei , Shao Guowen , Ming Zhengyang , Han Fei , Ruan Dan , Christodoulou Anthony , Finn J. Paul , Nguyen Kim-Lien
Published: August 2024

ROCK-MUSIC is a 4D whole heart MRI pulse sequence that has shown promise for fast imaging in pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) without dependence on the ventilator respiratory gating signal. Recent research in cardiac multitasking with low rank tensor (LRT) reconstruction allows for decomposition of cardiorespiratory motion. In this preliminary work, we showed that LRT reconstruction can be applied to the ROCK-MUSIC acquisition to enable higher temporal resolution with cardiorespiratory resolved imaging. When compared to L1-ESPIRiT, the LRT approach is able to achieve comparable image quality.
Incorporation of View-Sharing and KWIC Filtering into XD-GRASP Reconstruction Improves Spatial Resolution in Thoracic NC-MRA
Authors: Fan Lexiaozi , Akuamoah Jeanette , Hong Kyungpyo , Robinson Joshua , Rigsby Cynthia , Kim Daniel
Published: August 2024

Conventional thoracic non-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (NC-MRA) often produces suboptimal image quality in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and results in lengthy scan times. We recently developed a NC-MRA pulse sequence using a stack-of-stars k-space sampling pattern with XD-GRASP reconstruction and evaluated its performance in adults. In this study, we sought to improve our NC-MRA pulse sequence by incorporating view-sharing (VS) and k-space weighted image contrast (KWIC) filtering to reduce blurring, which is critical for pediatric patients who have smaller hearts and faster heart rates than adults. We evaluated it performance against contrast-enhanced MRA in pediatric patients.
Non-Contrast Carotid Artery Imaging using 3D TOF and Time-SLIP bSSFP with centric ky-kz k-space trajectory.
Authors: Malis Vadim , Bae Won , Kassai Yoshimori , Mcdonald Marin , Miyazaki Mitsue
Published: August 2024

Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is one of the most common causes of acute ischemic stroke. MRA techniques are routinely used for the diagnostics of CAS, yet one of their drawbacks remains as a long scanning time. In this study we acquired and compared two sets of images of carotid arteries: 3D time-of-flight (TOF), time spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP) balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) and their accelerated versions that utilize centric ky-kz acquisition pattern (FAST3D).
Magnetic resonance imaging of fetal aorta
Authors: GANG LIN
Published: August 2024

Key words：fetal cardiovascular; coarctation of aortic arch;imaging technology Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis has always been the first choice of screening for perinatal birth defects. However, due to the influence of many factors, the difficulty of diagnosis is increased, even for experienced experts, so there is an urgent need to find better supplements and alternatives. With the development of the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, many congenital aortic diseases can be alleviated or cured by perinatal surgery or elective surgery, so early diagnosis can reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality.the author has made some innovative explorations in the MRI scanning method of fetal cardiovascular.
A Novel Approach to Metabolic Imaging of Migraine and Post Traumatic Headache Using Full Brain 3D-MRSI
Authors: Nikolova Simona , Schwedt Todd , Zhou Yuxiang , Chong Brian , Dumkrieger Gina , Chong Catherine
Published: August 2024

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides a means to quantify brain metabolites. Metabolites of interest are N-acetyl aspartate (NAA, neuronal marker), Choline (Cho, marker of cell membrane turnover), Myoinositol (Ins, astrocyte marker), Glutamate+Glutamine (Glx, neurotransmitters). Studies demonstrate metabolic changes associated with migraine such as increased Glx levels (signifying excitotoxicity), decreased NAA (suggestive of neuronal damage), as well as abnormal GABA in pain processing areas. The main goal of this work was to use using a novel, whole-brain three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) technique to collect preliminary data on metabolic differences between migraine, post traumatic headache (PTH), and healthy controls.
Feasibility of diffusion tensor imaging of the brachial plexus using iZOOM
Authors: Sada Takayuki , Yokota Hajime , Kurosawa Ryuna , Yoda Takafumi , Nitta Keisuke , Matsumoto Koji , Namiki Takashi , Yoneyama Masami , Wu Adam , Masuda Yoshitada , Uno Takashi
Published: August 2024

The brachial plexus is difficult to obtain diffusion tensor image (DTI) with good image quality due to the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field and motion artifacts. Zoom imaging based on 2D RF (iZoom) could both reduce the distortion dramatically and has better fat suppression effects. In this study, we compared DTI using conventional Zoom with that using iZoom for the brachial plexus and diffusion tractography with iZoom created higher mean length and fiber count than the conventional Zoom sequence, suggesting its feasibility as a new method for diffusion tensor imaging for the brachial plexus.
Validation of Diffusion MRI Biomarkers of Peripheral Nerve Degeneration in ALS
Authors: McCann Margaret , Mathew Ethan , Fuentes Alberto , Ferrante Samuel , Quarles Charles , Dortch Richard , Turner Gregory
Published: August 2024

ALS is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons. Assessment of disease progression is difficult and relies on tests that lack specificity/responsiveness. While imaging biomarkers may meet this need, previous work has focused on the motor neurons or skeletal muscles, with nerves that form the link between these tissues being largely understudied. Previous studies suggest DTI in human nerves may be sensitive to nerve degeneration in ALS and here we sought to validate these measures in a rat model. Preliminary findings showed a progressive decrease in FA, which correlated to the onset of motor neuron loss and muscle wasting.
Altered resting state functional connectivity in high-contact sports
Authors: Karimpoor Mahta , Georgiadis Marios , Mills Brian , Taghavi Hossein , Phouksouvath Narvin , Goubran Maged , Mouchawar Nicole , Sami Sohrab , Wintermark Max , Liu Charles , Van Horn John , Grant Gerald , Camarillo David , Zeineh Michael
Published: August 2024

Repetitive head impact exposure during contact sports may increase risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. We compared resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) networks between a group of high-contact collegiate PAC-12 athletes and a low-contact group from two institutions (groups comprised athletes of multiple sports and both sexes). A community chi-squared analysis evaluated differences in connectivity within/between 12 brain networks comparing high- vs. low-contact sports. Across both institutions, rsFC in the high-contact cohort was significantly increased (hyperconnectivity) between dorsal attention and default mode network (DMN), and significantly decreased (hypoconnectivity) between dorsal attention and frontoparietal networks, compared to the low-contact cohort.
Association of brain macrostructural changes and objective sleep measures in military service members after a remote mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yeh Ping-Hong , Werner J. Kent , Srikanchana Rujirutana , Kenney Kimbra , Song Chihwa , Pickett Treven , Bonavia Grant , Ollinger John
Published: August 2024

In this study, we quantitated the size of white matter hyperintense (WMH), enlarged perivascular space (ePVS) and diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI_ALPS) index in service members after a remote mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and associated them with objective sleep measures. There was no significant difference of the regional size of WMH, ePVS or hemispheric DTI_ALPS index between controls and mTBI. In mTBI participants, lifetime TBI/PCE events was associated amygdala-hippocampal complex ePVS load; and sleep arousal / awakening index was associated with temporal WMH load, periodic limb movement during sleep with basal ganglia WMH load.
Micro Fiber Disruption and Thalamus GABA Level Reduction in Lifelong Premature Ejaculation
Authors: Lu Jiaming , Zhang Xin , Zhang Bing
Published: August 2024

In this study, we using non invasion GABA-edited MEGA-PRESS MRS and NODDI model to measure the GABA content in bilateral thalamus and the water diffusion pattern in premature ejaculation patient. The PE patients have more dispersed neurites in the right putamen, more hindered water, and less space within axons in the orbitofrontal cortex. The bilateral thalamus GABA content in PE group is significantly lower than NC group. These findings may help us have a better neuroimage upstanding of PE from micro-structure to metabolism level.
Atrophy patterns of hippocampal subregions based on automated volumetry in Parkinson's disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Qu Mingrui , Gao Bingbing , Jiang Yuhan , Li Yuan , Xie Lizhi , Miao Yanwei
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the atrophy pattern of the hippocampus subregions in Parkinson's disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (PDDM) patients based on the 3DTI sequence and FreeSurfer software. The FreeSurfer provides extensive and automated neuroimaging analysis and has been successfully used to precisely segment the hippocampus. In this study, automated volumetry of hippocampal subfields in PDDM patients was performed, compared with Parkinson's disease without diabetes mellitus (PDND) patients and healthy controls. The results showed that PDDM patients have hippocampal subregions atrophy, especially in the right fimbria, right GC-ML-DG and right CA4.
Nigral volume as a marker for Lewy body pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Langley Jason , Hu Xiaoping
Published: August 2024

Up to 60% of Alzheimer's disease cases have Lewy body pathology. In Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body pathology is associated with more rapid cognitive decline, parkinsonism, and younger symptom onset. In this abstract, we examine nigral volume in Alzheimer's disease patients and patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy body pathology. We find that cognitively impaired patients with Lewy bodies have greater neuronal loss in substantia nigra pars compacta as well as reduced nigral volume.
Modiﬁcations of Large-Scale Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3
Authors: LIU Bing , Zhang Linwei , Yang Aocai , Luan Jixin , Lv Kuan , Ma Guolin
Published: August 2024

Large-scale resting-state functional network connectivity changes in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 patients were found in both inter- and intranetwork functional connectivity. Especially, the increased intranetwork functional connectivity within the lateral visual network may potentially be a compensatory mechanism of visual-related symptoms in SCA3.
Mapping of neurodegenerative changes with Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, 2 and 12 patients
Authors: Pankaj Pankaj , Kumaran S , Srivastava Achal , Agrawal Ramesh , Garg Ajay , Nehra Ashima , Rajan Roopa
Published: August 2024

The study assessed changes in brain tissue microstructures in SCA type 1, 2 and 12 patients using diffusion tensor imaging. Our findings exhibited widespread reduced fractional anisotropy (FA), increased radial (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD) in SCA with respect to that in healthy subjects. FA was decreased in SCA1 and SCA2 in the superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, inferior fronto-occipital fasiculus, forceps minor, corticospinal tract, cingulum, uncinate fasciculus as compared to controls. Abnormal white matter structure may be linked to cognitive and behavioural impairment in SCA 1 and SCA 2 patients.
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of cortical and subcortical brain regions in patients with REM sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Fiscone Cristiana , Bartiromo Fiorina , Baldelli Luca , Sambati Luisa , D'Aniello Serena , Evangelisti Stefania , Mitolo Micaela , Testa Claudia , Cortelli Pietro , Lodi Raffaele , Provini Federica , Tonon Caterina
Published: August 2024

REM sleep Behavior Disoder (RBD) is a parasomnia, possibly converting in a neurodegenerative α-synucleinopathy. We explored to role of iron accumulation in this condition exploiting Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM), a quantitative imaging technique returning susceptibility values voxel-per-voxel. RBD patients were compared to healthy controls; cortical and sub-cortical areas were segmented with automatic and semi-automatic methods and susceptibility distributions were compared. Significant increase of iron deposition resulted in multiple cortical areas, in the brainstem and in the gray matter nuclei of the limbic system, suggesting that QSM may help in identifying biomarkers that predict the conversion from RBD to neurodegeneration.
NODDI maximum abnormal signal area histogram analysis for differentiation between glioblastoma Multiforme and solitary brain metastasis
Authors: Qi Jinbo , Ma Xiaoyue , Wang Peipei , Gao Eryuan , Zhao Guohua , Zhao Kai , Song Yang , Zhang Huiting , Gao Ankang , Bai Jie , Zhang Yong , Cheng Jingliang
Published: August 2024

We aim to explore the value of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) maximum abnormal signal area histogram analysis for differentiation between glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and solitary brain metastasis (SBM). 50 patients with GBM and 50 patients with SBM confirmed by surgical pathology were enrolled and underwent MR examination. Result showed that multiple histogram parameters can significantly distinguish GBM from SBM, and the performance of logistic regression model is better than that of optimal single parameter.
Stop-Motion RF for Improving Spatial Resolution in Non-Linear Gradient-Free Low-Field MRI
Authors: Samardzija Anja , Selvaganesan Kartiga , Ha Younghyun , Zhang Zhehong , Sun Chenhao , Sun Heng , Galiana Gigi , Constable Todd
Published: August 2024

We developed a stop-motion imaging technique in which a 3x3 radiofrequency coil that transmits Bloch-Siegert encodings is placed in a different position within the field-of-view for each MR signal acquisition. This study is performed using a non-linear gradient-free low-field MRI system. High spatial resolution is achieved through stop-motion imaging. We show that stop-motion imaging done with a total of 200 encodings (20 imaging positions and 10 encodings per position) outperformed stationary imaging performed with 200 encodings (1 imaging position and 200 encodings per position).
Feasibility of integrating a wearable accelerometer in very low-field MRI to detect motion
Authors: Ravi Keerthi Sravan , Aggarwal Kunal , Vaughan John Thomas , Kim Yun Soung , Geethanath Sairam
Published: August 2024

These artifacts degrade image quality, often causing misdiagnosis. A 6-axis motion tracking sensor (ICM-20649, TDK-InvenSense) with a full-scale range of +-4000 degrees per second for the gyroscope and +-30g for the accelerometer was integrated with a 50mT scanner. The sensor’s readings can successfully be processed to detect motion. However, it resulted in zipper artifacts and degraded image quality in a phantom experiment. Still, the sensor’s placement on the forehead or the temples or the chin might not significantly impact brain data when coupled with slab-wise shimming.
Demonstrating the Scalability of Spokes-and-Hub Magnet Designs
Authors: Edmonds Liliana , Kuang Irene , Adalsteinsson Elfar , White Jacob
Published: August 2024

The easily constructed Aubert ring-inspired “spokes-and-hub” magnets show promise as a topology for handheld MR imaging, particularly for educational purposes. In this paper we show the scalability of the spokes-and-hub design, and associated tools and RF signal processing, by scaling up the magnet. Constructing a 2x larger magnet yields a volume large enough to potentially image a finger (with which we hope to inspire students). We used our simulator to design and optimize the magnet topology, then constructed it from off-the-shelf small bar magnets, and verified its fields by direct Hall-effect measurements as well as indirectly through spin echoes.
Zooming In: MR and PET Synaptic Density Imaging Techniques in Neuropathology
Authors: Ramakrishnan Divya , Toyonaga Takuya , Khazai Behnaz , Sala Matthew , Cai Jason , Aboian Mariam
Published: August 2024

There are many different modalities to image synaptic density in the brain. The advent of a novel SV2A targeted PET tracer provides the ability to measure in-vivo synaptic density changes in neuropsychiatric disorders. In this education exhibit, we review the current MR and PET-based approaches to synaptic density imaging and present findings from recent animal and human studies of synaptic density changes in neurodegenerative disorders and epilepsy. Our aim is to provide clinicians with the most up-to-date knowledge about imaging techniques of synaptic density that can be integrated into clinical practice.
An MRI protocol for RT planning: preliminary results for distortion, contrast and bulk density assignment
Authors: Sayaque Laura , Leporq Benjamin , Miran Chloé , Hamelin Olivier , Pilleul Frank , Gregoire Vincent , Beuf Olivier
Published: August 2024

The excellent contrast between soft tissues in MRI is of great interest for head and neck radiotherapy planning. This work presents an in vivo study aiming to evaluate a multimodal acquisition protocol for tumors and organs at risks delineation and synthetic CT reconstruction based on a density assignment method. Our results showed better contrast between the tumor and healthy tissues with injected T1 MRI compared to injected CT (44,7 +/- 30,5 vs 29,9 +/- 27,2) and acceptable geometric distortions (less than 2mm). Fat content mean absolute error between CT and synthetic CT is about 0,27.
Feasibility of R2*-based cerebral venous oxygenation mapping using a clinical susceptibility-weighted imaging protocol
Authors: Biondetti Emma , Villani Alessandro , Caporale Alessandra , Chiarelli Antonio , Garcia Darien Calvo , Caulo Massimo , Tomassini Valentina , Wise Richard
Published: August 2024

The brain’s oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a key parameter in assessing cerebrovascular function and brain oxygen consumption. We investigated the feasibility of measuring cerebral venous oxygenation (SvO2), the key determinant of OEF, based on R2* estimated from a clinical susceptibility weighted imaging protocol and vessel segmentation aided by gadolinium administration, in a cohort of patients with Multiple Sclerosis. We were able to estimate venous oxygenation in the superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, transverse sinuses and internal cerebral veins. The global median SvO2 ranged between 0.60 and 0.68, within the range of values expected in the human brain.
Application of six diffusion-weighted MRI models in predicting lymph node metastasis for resectable gastric cancer: A pilot study
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Shao-yu , Chen Xue-jun
Published: August 2024

This study firstly explored the potential of six diffusion-weighted MRI models for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in resectable gastric cancer (GC). The DKI_K, CTRW_D, DKI_D, FROC_D, IVIM_D*, IVIM_f, Mono_ADC, as well as morphologic indicators of tumor thickness, clinical T staging on MRI (cT), MRI reported LN status were significantly different between LNM positive and LNM negative groups. These parameters were statistically correlated with LNM. The cT, MRI reported LN, and CTRW_D were independent risk factors of LNM, combining these three parameters yielded the highest predictive efficacy.
Joint fitting of ADC and R2 with an estimate of the signal offset improves noise characteristics of whole-body R2 maps.
Authors: Knill Annemarie , Winfield Jessica , Barnsley Hannah , Malawo Benjamin , Hopkinson Georgina , Koh Dow-Mu , Messiou Christina , Blackledge Matthew
Published: August 2024

Joint fitting of ADC and R2 improves the noise characteristics of whole-body R2 maps when using an iterative weighted least squares (IWLS) estimation that accounts for the signal offset, ρ, between diffusion-weighted and multi-echo-time imaging sequences. This is demonstrated using simulation experiments using relevant values of R2, ADC, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), where we find an improvement in R2 precision using the joint-fitting approach. Initial validation was further performed in clinical imaging examples to demonstrate the improvement in R2 map detail.
A fat quantification approach based on longitudinal relaxation time
Authors: Wu Yanglei , Zhou Xiaoyue , Xu Ke , Xu Huayan
Published: August 2024

The quantification of fat in humans is plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and scientific research. Especially in some cardiomyopathy characterized by fat deposition like arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, and duchenne muscular dystrophy-associated cardiomyopathy. Current magnetic resonance imaging-based fat quantification methods have difficulty to characterizing cardiac etc. fat fractions. But the application of cardiac T1 mapping has been very extensive, and our proposed approach to build a partial volume model to utilize the T1 value of voxel obtained by T1 mapping can complete the measurement of cardiac fat content.
Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content on Allylic Proton T2 at 9.4 T
Authors: Carscadden Adam , Bly Nathaniel , Tessier Anthony , Field Catherine , Yahya Atiyah
Published: August 2024

In this work at 9.4 T, it is demonstrated that the apparent T2 (includes losses due to J-coupling) relaxation times of the allylic fat protons (≈ 2.1 ppm) is correlated with higher ω-3 content. J-coupling evolution appears to refocus with a PRESS TE of 270 ms rendering it a suitable TE for obtaining T2­ estimates. Experiments were performed on oils of varying ω-3 content and preliminary in-vivo experiments were performed on two mice, each fed a different fat diet.
Amide proton transfer-weighted imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation with Ki-67 labeling index
Authors: Huang Jingcheng , Wen Qingqing , Dou Weiqiang , Luo Xianfu
Published: August 2024

Conventional MRI methods are difficult to reveal histologic and molecular characteristic heterogeneity of HCC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between APTw and Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to evaluate whether APTw can reflect the pathological information of HCC at the molecular level. It was found that APTw values were significantly different between low and high Ki-67 LI in HCC, and the AUC to distinguish high and low Ki-67 LI was 0.794, indicating APTw imaging might be a potential molecular technique for predicting the malignancy grade of HCC
Evaluation the value of T1rho and Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced T1 Mapping for liver function reserve in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Zou Jie , Jiang Yanli , Fan Fengxian , Yang Pin , Ding Yuan , Zhang Jing , Ai Kai , Wu Zhigang
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of T1 rho and Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced T1 Mapping in patients with chronic hepatitis B in liver function reserve. For the two groups of Child-Pugh A vs. B/C and Child-Pugh A/ B vs. C, the AUC of T1 rho and T1post-10min is higher than other metrics. The AUC value combined with these two indicators is the highest (0.861; 0.912). Δ T1, Δ R1 and ECV and T1 rho quantitative techniques may be helpful for staging liver function reserve, and the combination of T1 rho and T1post-10min can provide higher diagnostic efficiency.
Test-Retest Repeatability and Cross-Platform Reproducibility of Optimized 2D MRE and 3D MRE Liver Protocols with Automated Analysis
Authors: Dzyubak Bogdan , Pepin Kay , Chen Jun , Le Yuan , Kalutkiewicz Kyle , Grimm Roger , Heilman Jeremy , Kruse Scott , Kugel Jennifer , Yin Meng , Glaser Kevin , Richard Ehman
Published: August 2024

Magnetic Resonance Elastography is a technique used to effectively stage liver fibrosis by measuring tissue stiffness. This work optimized several acquisition and processing parameters, and performed a comprehensive repeatability/reproducibility validation across the three types of MRE (GRE, EPI, 3DEPI), 1.5T and 3T field strengths, and the three major manufacturers (GE, Siemens, Philips). When using the optimized methods and automated analysis, the repeatability coefficients were 11.8% for GRE, 10.8% for EPI, and 7.7% for 3DEPI, all superior to QIBA’s 19% benchmark. Agreement between manufacturers was within 2%.
In Vivo Evaluation of a Novel Deep Learning-based MR Image Reconstruction for Liver Fat Quantification
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Nikolaos , Roberts Nathan , Harris David , Tamada Daiki , Cashen Ty , Oechtering Thekla , Hernando Diego , Sirlin Claude , Reeder Scott
Published: August 2024

Deep learning (DL)-based MR reconstruction methods show promise to reduce image noise compared to conventional image reconstruction while maintaining quantitative accuracy. The purpose of this work is to apply and evaluate the performance of DL reconstruction to chemical shift-encoded MRI for quantification of proton density fat-fraction (PDFF) in the liver. We compared quantitative PDFF results, test-retest repeatability, and standard deviation within regions of interest in nine patients with a wide range of PDFF (1-31%), for different levels of DL denoising. PDFF between reconstructions showed excellent agreement and constant test-retest repeatability. Standard deviation decreased with increasing DL denoising levels.
To evaluate the value of APT combined with T1 mapping in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Li Xiwei , Chen Lihua , Wang Nan , Lin Liangjie , Wang Jiazheng , Liu Ailian
Published: August 2024

At present, the prostate specific antigen (PSA) detection is a common method for screening prostate cancer. However, the specificity of PSA is very low, and it is easy to appear false positive. In recent years, multiparameter imaging has great value in the diagnosis of prostate diseases. Amide proton weighted(APTw) imaging and T1 mapping imaging can more accurately reflect the information of tumor tissue cell metabolism and pathological cell microstructure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of APT and T1 measurements in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Semi-Supervised Learning with Spatial Pseudo Labeling for Peritumoral Infiltration Prediction in Glioblastoma using MR Fingerprinting
Authors: Zhao Walter , Wang Xiaofeng , Tippareddy Charit , Akbari Hamed , Kazerooni Anahita , Davatzikos Christos , Couce Marta , Sloan Andrew , Badve Chaitra , Ma Dan
Published: August 2024

Existing glioblastoma (GB) infiltration models are often limited by lack of true infiltration labels and employ the assumption that edema closer to tumor has higher infiltrative potential relative to distant edema. Here, we propose a semi-supervised learning scheme that incorporates pretraining on the near-far heuristic and spatial pseudo labeling using true infiltration labels for voxel-wise tumor infiltration prediction. Our results show improved classification performance following finetuning on labeled infiltration data compared to training on the near-far heuristic alone and indicate the potential in employing MR fingerprinting-based models to guide GB diagnosis and treatment.
Prediction of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion postoperatively in women with biopsy-confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Huang Zhou , Chen Xue , Jiang Nan , Hu Su , Hu Chunhong
Published: August 2024

To predict ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCISMI) based on clinicopathologic, conventional breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) radiomics signatures in women with biopsy-confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to choose high-risk women who may benefit from sentinel lymph node biopsy at initial surgery. The mixed model showed better AUC values than both clinicopathological and DCE-MRI radiomics models in both training/test sets with heterogeneous enhancement and radiomics scores as significant independent predict factors. The mixed model showed the greatest overall net benefit for upstaging and the second was the combine model.
Multi-Modal Detection and Localization of Intracranial Aneurysms using 3D nnDetection Deep Learning Model
Authors: Orouskhani Maysam , Xia Shaojun , Mossa-Basha Mahmud , Zhu Chengcheng
Published: August 2024

Intracranial aneurysms are relatively common life-threatening diseases with a prevalence of 3.2% in the general population. Therefore, detection is a vital task in aneurysm management. Lesion detection refers to simultaneously localizing and categorizing the lesions in medical images. In this study, we employed nnDetection framework, a self-configuring framework for 3D medical object detection, to detect and localize the 3D coordination of aneurysms. To capture and extract diverse features of aneurysms, two modalities including TOF-MRA, and structural MRI from ADAM dataset have been used. The performance of the proposed deep learning model was evaluated by free-response receiver operative characteristics
Blood-brain barrier breakdown in COVID-19 ICU survivors: a preliminary study
Authors: Shi Wen , Jiang Dengrong , Rando Hannah , Khanduja Shivalika , Lin Zixuan , Hazel Kaisha , Pottanat George , Jones Ebony , Xu Cuimei , Lin Doris , Yasar Sevil , Cho Sung-Min , Lu Hanzhang
Published: August 2024

COVID-19 affects multiple organ systems in the acute phase, however, limited knowledge is known about the long-term impact on the brain following COVID-19 pneumonia, especially for those severe COVID-19 ICU survivors. Here, we used a water-extraction-with-phase-contrast-arterial-spin-tagging (WEPCAST) MRI which can non-invasively measure BBB permeability to water. The results showed significantly higher permeability-surface-area product (PS) in COVID-19 ICU survivors, which provided preliminary evidence that there was a BBB breakdown in COVID-19 ICU survivors at 4 months after initial infection.
Leakage phase perfusion in healthy volunteers and subjects post-COVID-19: results from the C-MORE study
Authors: Hughes Paul , Saunders Laura , Wain Louise , Brightling Christopher , Neubauer Stefan , Raman Betty , Group C-MORE/PHOSP-COVID Collaborative , Wild Jim
Published: August 2024

Disruption to pulmonary perfusion is seen in several diseases, with most work focusing on the first-pass to calculate metrics of pulmonary blood volume and flow and mean transit time. The additional information from the leakage-phase acquisition has shown utility in multiple organs but it is less commonly used in the lung. This work aimed to assess the differences between fitting data with and without the first-pass bolus to estimate the volume transfer constant and fractions of blood in the extravascular-extracellular space and plasma in a multicentre setting.
Multiparametric MRI assessment of botulinum-toxin treatment for a patient with cervical dystonia
Authors: Chai Xubin , He Le , Zhu Changhao , Hu Wanting , Xue Rong , Song Xiaolei , Wang Li
Published: August 2024

Cervical dystonia (CD) has been regarded as the most common form of focal dystonia, the affected neck muscles always in sustained situation lead to an abnormal rotation of the head[1]. The mechanisms of CD have not yet been thoroughly illustrated. Botulinum toxin (BT)is considered as the recommended first-line therapeutic method for the focal dystonia[2]. Traditional MRI Scan has been used to evaluate any pathophysiological changes of brain anatomy or the affected neck muscles[3]. However, seldom MRI have provided the cervical muscles metabolic messages[4]. The CEST MRI could provide the metabolic aspects of the cervical muscles before and after the treatment of the BT
Brain glymphatic impairment correlates with motor dysfunction after ischemic stroke
Authors: Qin Yue , Li Xin , Qian Yifan , Li Xiaoshi , Wang Lei
Published: August 2024

This present study used diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) method to investigate the glymphatic activity of the corticospinal tract in subacute ischemic stroke patients with impaired motor function. We found that the subacute ischemic stroke group had a lower DTI-ALPS value on the affected side of corticospinal tract, suggesting impairment of the glymphatic system in patients with subacute ischemic stroke, which may be related to motor dysfunction.
GluCEST MRI at 3.0 T Identifies Glutaminase Alteration in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Wen Qin , Huang Xingke , Su Yun , Yan Zhuoheng , Zhao Chen , Shen Zhiwei , Mao Jiaji , Shen Jun
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the feasibility of GluCEST at 3.0 T for detecting the change of glutamate in the human brain after stroke. The imaging capability of glutamate is validated on the phantom and human brain, respectively. Glutamate at physiological concentrations could be detected by in vitro MRI. The findings of an in vivo investigation revealed that the GluCEST signal of stroke patients differs from that of healthy individuals and that this difference may be detected by 3.0 T MRI. This work provides fresh insights into the use of endogenous glutamate MRI imaging.
The value of multimodal MR imaging in patients with acute cerebral infarction
Authors: Gui Haiyan , Yang Ningdi , Lian Jianxiu , Xia Qingyan , Du Jiaxiu
Published: August 2024

Cerebrovascular diseases are one of the main causes of death and disability in the adult population. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) could provide quantitative parameters to evaluate the process of diseases, including Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI), three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D ASL), and 4D-TRANCE. Results showed the maximum area size of 3D-ASL and 4D-TRANCE had predictive significance when evaluating patients with acute ischemic cerebral infarction by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, which could provide objective and useful parameters in further diagnosis.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles from 3D Aggregated Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke Assessed by MRI at 21.1 T
Authors: Bhagu Jamini , Grant Samuel
Published: August 2024

This study evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of transplanted extracellular vesicles (EV) secreted from 3D aggregated human mesenchymal stem cells to treat transient ischemic stroke in a female rat model. The objective is to verify the presence of EV at the lesion and monitor tissue recovery using T2- and diffusion-weighted MRI at 21.1 T.
Histogram model of DCE-MRI in predicting progression of enhancing non-measurable disease after chemoradiotherapy in high-grade glioma
Authors: Cao Haimei , Huang Zhousan , Qiu Ruowei , Li Zhiyong , Deng Kan , Pillai Jay J , Huang Guanglong , Xu Yikai , Hua Jun , Wu Yuankui
Published: August 2024

Early prediction of disease progression is of potential clinical significance for the management of high-grade glioma (HGG) patients. We investigated the value of histogram models based on volume transfer constant (Ktrans) between the plasma and extravascular extracellular space and extravascular volume (Ve) in predicting the progression of enhancing non-measurable diseases (NMD) of HGG after chemoradiotherapy. Our results showed that histogram models based on Ktrans and Ve can accurately predict the progression of enhancing NMD of HGG following chemoradiotherapy, and combining Ktrans and Ve helps improve the prediction performance.
Glioma grading using multiparametric MRI: head-to-head comparison among four different advanced techniques
Authors: Seo Minkook , Choi Yangsean , Lee Youn Soo , Ahn Kook-Jin , Kim Bum-soo , Park Jae-Sung , Jeon Sin-soo
Published: August 2024

Diagnostic performances differentiating low-grade (LGGs) from high-grade gliomas (HGGs) were compared between the four advanced techniques of multiparametric MRI—DSC, DCE, MRS and DWI. Sixty-four patients with pathologically confirmed glioma underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI with the four techniques, followed by histogram analysis of the tumors. HGGs showed significantly higher Ktrans, rCBV, and Cho/Cr than LGGs. The AUROC of the 95th percentile Ktrans was 0.83, being the most helpful parameter, followed by 95th percentile rCBV (0.72). Significant correlations were observed between the 95th percentile rCBV and Ktrans. Our findings demonstrate higher diagnostic utility of DCE and DSC MRI in glioma grading.
Prediction of Astrocytoma Pathological Grade Using Radiomics Extracted from Pre-operative Multiparametric MRI
Authors: Sümer Esra , Danyeli Ayça Ersen , Pamir M. Necmettin , Özduman Koray , Dinçer Alp , Ozturk-Isik Esin
Published: August 2024

The astrocytomas are currently graded from 2 to 4 according to World Health Organization 2021 central nervous system tumor classification. Increasing grade defines increasing malignancy. This study aims to explore the potential of radiomics features extracted from multiparametric pre-operative MRI to predict the grade of astrocytomas. For differentiation of grade 2 from grades 3&4, the FLAIR radiomics were predominantly determined by the feature selection procedure. The highest accuracy for differentiating grade 2 from grades 3&4 was 88.04±0.03% (92.37±0.04% precision and 86.76±0.04% recall).
Comprehensive evaluation of bicuspid aortic valve structure, hemodynamics, and tissue characterization in mice using MRI
Authors: Ibrahim El-Sayed , LaDisa John , Lincoln Joy
Published: August 2024

Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart disease affecting 1-2% of all live births. Current clinical management includes periodic surveillance of aortic valve dysfunction, and only when the valve becomes stenotic is intervention recommended, which includes surgical procedures that come with insuperable long-term outcomes. We optimized a small-animal MRI protocol for comprehensive evaluation of the BAV structure, function, flow pattern, and tissue characterization. Children and adolescents with BAV would benefit from this comprehensive assessment of their risk profile during early stages of the disease to better predict outcomes and clinical management strategies.