bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Origins of Public Health Nursing in Israel
Authors: Adams R.
Published: November 2012

Israel is now thirty years old, but its community health services date back to the early years of this century when the land was still under Turkish rule. The first written reports on the nursing services appeared in 1912 in New York City in the minutes of a group of Jewish women later known as Hadassah Women’s Organization. Some of the members had visited the Holy Land and, shocked by the state of health of the Jewish poor, saw the urgent need for improving care. It was decided to start with a system of community maternity nursing which would be carried out along the lines of the New York State Legislation. The nurses would be given funds to employ midwives, to supply linen to mothers and babies, and to distribute money for medicine and food to the poor. Furthermore, the nurses were to train probationers for community nursing, give talks to mothers and girls and nursing care to the sick poor. They were to be in contact with Hadassah by letters, monthly reports, and were to use an approved system of bookkeeping.
Die Evaluering Van Verpleging In Suid-Afrika
Authors: Steenberg H.
Published: November 2012

In any institution there must be a system of evaluation but it is important to remember that evaluation will be useless unless it follows careful planning. Planning gives direction for action. The planning process includes formulation of an objective towards which purposeful action, to the best of nursing ability, will be directed. Whenever a specific nursing procedure is decided on, provision must at the planning stage be made for continuous testing of the effectivity of the procedure in terms of predetermined objectives which the specific procedure is required to reach. These objectives will serve as the established criteria for evaluation.
Die Hart van Verpleging
Authors: Kotzé W.
Published: November 2012

‘Grant me the virtues of self-understanding, self-acceptance and selfrespect’
Die Keuring van Studenteverpleegkundiges aan die Randse Afrikaanse Universiteit — ’n Oorsig
Authors: Van Huyssteen M.C. , Fölscher C.W.
Published: November 2012

In student selection for the degree in nursing (B.Cur.) at the Rand Afrikaans University two rating scaies are used consisting of an academic and an interview component. In calculating the academic mark an extra weighting is given to subjects such as Biology, Science and Mathematics and to subjects taken at higher grade. In an overview comparing the selection results of 137 candidates, selected for the degree since 1975, with the examination results of the first year at University it is evident that the academic mark is a reasonably reliable norm in student selection. The value of the interview has not been established and further research and adaptations are necessary.
’n Ondersoek na die Behoefte aan en die Houdings Teenoor Voortgesette Onderwys by Geregistreerde Verpleegkundiges Werksaam by die Tygerberg-Hospitaal
Authors: Hofmeyr I.M.
Published: November 2012

The need for and attitude towards continuing education of 403 registered nurses at the Tygerberg Hospital were assessed by means of a questionnaire. Subjects in which the need for continuing education was felt were identified and a programme has been instituted in which continuing education by means of active participation in group work has been instituted.
Die Uitgebreide Rol van die Verpleegster
Authors: Beaton G.R. , McMurdo J. , Wilson T.D. , Conradie M.E.
Published: November 2012

There is need both for change in and extension of primary health care services in South Africa. It is felt that nurses receive inadequate training, recognition and support in this area; that they lack legal and professional protection; and that there should be many more of them in this area.
Aspekte Van Die Gesondheidsvoorligtingstaak Van Die Gemeenskapgesondheidsverpleegster
Authors: Grobbelaar E.
Published: November 2012

Health education is never-ending. It should be basic to the philosophy of the health worker and especially of the community health nurse. She stands at the heart of the community, knows the people and therefore bears a heavy responsibility to inspire them, help them to gain insight and lead them to take initiative. The success of her work as a whole will be measured by her guidance of the community as such to accept and experience as a way of life the promotion of health at all levels.
When The Walls Listened
Authors: Wisser S.H.
Published: November 2012

Copyright © 1978, The American Journal of Nursing Company Reprinted from American Journal of Nursing, June, Vol. 78 No. 6
Gesondheidsopvoedkundige Benadering Tot Vektorbeheer
Authors: Hartwig E.K.
Published: November 2012

Vector control in South Africa is governed by specific factors which must be taken into account in educational programs. Our basic aim is prevention. The community is directly concerned and must be educated in vector control and preventive measures. Present day border conditions and communication problems complicate matters. The various population groups necessitate different approaches. Understanding and goodwill are essential for success in vector control.
Love In Action
Authors: D’Oliveira C.S.
Published: November 2012

It was a cold winter’s night on a lonely mission in Pondoland. Alone with my thoughts I sat before my makeshift fireplace. I had just set light to the half-green wood through the paper and kindling placed beneath it. I was intrigued to see how the curled, broken fibres of the wood straightened out as they were caught in the ascending draughts of warm air fleeing before the strengthening flames from below. Then, as the temperature rose above a certain point, they glowed at the tips like brilliant stars shining through the stormwrack of clouds seeking to obscure them. It was an intermittent glow, fading out as the upward draught of hot air veered off on another course, then glowing again as it returned. This continued until each piece of firewood caught light in its turn; imparting this glow to others as they, in their own fiery refining, became translated from the coarseness of their solid material form into dancing flames, and giving form and expression to the thoughts welling up within me as I sat entrancedly gazing into them.
Aspekte Van Trauma As ’n Gesondheidsprobleem
Authors: Van Tonder S.
Published: November 2012

Man has been subjected to trauma since the beginning of time. War exposes civilians to greater risks of injury and death than members of the armed forces. In addition to civil defence measures South Africa must increase its ability to handle trauma in peacetime and during any future national emergencies by imposing its educational and research programs in traumatology for public and professional health personnel. Emphasis has been placed by industry on safe equipment and safety methods. The greatest exceptions in this regard are the automobile, density and diversity of traffic, and speed still leads to unprecedented numbers of accidents with many fatalities and disabilities. Lack of adequate control in handling new toxic chemicals as well as handling of household chemicals results annually in many accidental poisonings. Trauma continues to be the leading cause of death for people under the age of 37 years. Its causes are man-made except during natural disasters. It should to a great extent be preventable if we give it the priority and attention it deserves.
Adolessente betrokke by satanisme
Authors: Heathcote H. , Gmeiner A. , Poggenpoel M.
Published: November 2012

As far as the phenomena of adolescents previously involved with satanism that experience obstacles in the strive for mental health, no research has previously been done. Adolescents previously involved in satanism, presents behaviour problems like aggressive outbursts depression, “psychosis”, or suicide attempts that can even lead to suicide. In the phenomena-analysis semi-structured, phenomenological interviews with the respondents and their parents, were performed. The respondents were requested to write a naive sketch about there life.After the data-control was done, guidelines for nursingstaff had been set. The guidelines are set for the management of adolescents that has previously been involved in satanism, and experiences obstacles in their strive for mental health. Interviews with experts in satanism was done, literature in the form of books, magazines and newsclippings were used to verify the findings in the research. The most important guidelines are that: the caregivers have to be reborn Christians; they are not allowed to show any fear or sympathy; they have to have sufficient knowledge about satanism; the adolescent has to be unconditionally accepted; the caregivers have to work in a team; the adolescents have to be taught to deal with their emotions.
Studentverpleegkundiges se persepsie van faktore in die algemene kliniese ervaringsveld wat leer fasiliteer
Authors: Van Velden C.E. , Van Wyk N.C. , Van Niekerk S.E.
Published: November 2012

Learning through clinical experience forms an integral part of student nurses’ academic and professional foundation. The extent to which learning is facilitated for student nurses is determined by the structuring of the field of clinical experience as well as by student nurses’ perception of the field of clinical experience. The purpose of this study is to dertermine student nurses’ perception of factors in the field of general clinical experience which facilitate learning. Literature pertaining to factors in the field of general clinical experience which impact on the learning by students was studied. A descriptive, exploratory survey was done through the medium of a questionnare completed by B.Cur-students. The results of this study indicate, despite the fact that student nurses experience some aspects pertaining to learning in the general clinical field negatively, their overall impression is positive and favourable. Factors restraining learning were identified. Recommendations are made to counter the restraining factors.
Beleweniswêreld van die straatkind in Hillbrow
Authors: Hatting R. , Poggenpoel M. , Myburgh C.P.H.
Published: November 2012

The street child that is driven by circumstances to live outside the supportive structure of the family, is on his own. He doesn’t have the educational developmental opportunities that children who grow up in families and societies do. He finds himself in a unique educational and living environment. From an educational psychologist’s point of view, this environment is abnormal. It is therefore a great challenge for the educational psychologist to try and avoid or resolve negative effects of the child's living environment. An exploratory-, descriptive-, contextual- and qualitative study was done, with the aim of gaining insight and understanding into the life of the street child in Hillbrow as well as his experiences of his situation. The results obtained from the interviews were placed in four categories. These categories are: The street child’s continuous struggle to survive, his need for a “normal child life” , his inability to accept responsibility and the presence of a normative awareness within the street child. In conclusion it is clear that the experiential world of the street child is multi-facetted. In general it appears that the street child has many limitations and difficulties which he experiences, and that input by an educational psychologist can have meaningful influence in his life.
Perceptions of studemt nurses of their personal and academic development during placement in the community as a clinical learning environment
Authors: Dana N. , Gwele N.S.
Published: November 2012

A descriptive survey was conducted to investigate the perceptions of student nurses about the community as a clinical learning environment. Thirty nine students (21 second years and 18 third years) participated in the study. A seven-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to obtain data on how nursing students perceived the community as a clinical learning environment in facilitating their personal and academic development. The questionnaire items were categorised according to (a) independence on learning, (b) opportunities for learning, peer support, (d) organisational support, (e) quality of supervision, (f) role clarity, and (g) satisfaction with chosen career. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Of the eight clinical learning variables studied, means scores and standard deviations of seven variables yielded positive perceptions of students about the community as a clinical learning environment. On Spearman rank correlation all the variables correlated positively with personal and academic development. A difference on three variables, personal and academic development, opportunities for learning and satisfaction with chosen career was found between perceptions of second and third year students on analysis of variance (ANOVA). In two variables, that is, personal and academic development and satisfaction with nursing as a chosen career, the second year students were more positive than third year students. Third year students perceived the community negatively with regard to opportunities for learning.
The provision of Primary Health Care in two rural districts of the Eastern Cape Province with particular reference to human resources and accessibility
Authors: Thipanyana M. , Mavundla T.R.
Published: November 2012

The provision of Primary Health Care Services (PHC) is still a problem in developing countries like South Africa. In other countries, one finds enough human resources whilst in other countries there may be enough material resources. A both qualitative and quantitative research was conducted at Mqanduli and part of the Eastern Elliotdale districts in the Eastern Cape Province with the aim of investigating the provision of Primary health Care Services, reference was made to the availability of human resources and accessibility of PHC services.
The provision of Primary Health Care in two rural districts of the Eastern Cape Province with particular reference to human resources and accessibility - Part 2: The results and recommendations
Authors: Thipanyana M. , Mavundla T.R.
Published: November 2012

Part 1 of this article dealt with the introduction, problem statement and the research methods. This article details the results and the recommendations with the aim of improving the provision of primary health care in rural districts of the Eastern Cape Province. This article is dealt with in three phases: phase I gives the results of interviews of community people, phase II deals with the results of the questionnaire administered to professional nurses and phase III entails the recommendations.
Professional nurses as reflective clinical learning facilitators
Authors: Chabell M.
Published: November 2012

With the rapid changes taking place in the country, including the education system in general and nursing education in particular, the role of professional nurses as reflective clinical learning facilitators need to be re-visited in order to meet the changing health needs of the communtiy and to facilitate outcome- based nursing education and evidence-based quality nursing care. The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe the perceptions of professional nurses as reflective clinical learning facilitators in the clinical learning units, within the context of a specific health-care service in Gauteng. A phenomenological method using descriptive naïve sketches was used to collect data from twenty professional nurses complying with certain inclusion criteria. A content analysis was performed and eight categories (main concepts) were identified in order of priority as follows: communication/collaboration; role-modelling; continuous assessment and evaluation; up-to-date knowledge; scientific approach; clinical teaching; management and professionalism. After a literature control was conducted, these main concepts were confirmed. It is recommended that a model to facilitate reflective thinking in clinical nursing education be developed, using these concepts as basis for the provisional conceptual framework.
Satisfaction with family planning services - interpersonal and organisational dimensions
Authors: Westaway M.S. , Viljoen E. , Chabalala H.P.
Published: November 2012

In South Africa, client satisfaction with the quality of health care has received minimal attention; probably due to the lack of locally developed and tested measures. Therefore, we developed and tested a 20-item attitude scale to determine satisfaction with Family Planning (FP) services. The objectives of this study were to: ascertain reliability of the scale and confirm, through factor analysis, that satisfaction with the FP service was based on interpersonal and organisational dimensions. The sample comprised 199 black adult interviewees (158 women and 41 men), who had previously used or were currently using contraception, from an informal settlement in Gauteng, South Africa. Three items were removed from the scale due to unacceptable communality estimates. The reliability coefficient of 0.76 for the 17-item scale was satisfactory. The principal components analysis, with orthogonal and oblique rotations, extracted two factors; accounting for 51.8% of the variance. The highest loadings on Factor I involved an interpersonal dimension (friendly, encouraging, competent, informative and communicative). Factor II tended to focus on the organisational elements of the system, such as different methods, choice of methods, service availability and length of waiting time. It was concluded that this scale was a reliable, easily administered and scored measure of satisfaction, with underlying interpersonal and organisational dimensions.
Nursing professionals’ views on the workplace
Authors: Erasmus B.J.
Published: November 2012

This article reports on a survey done among registered, enrolled and auxiliary nurses registered with the South African Nursing Council. The survey was carried out in the period from the end of December 1997 to the beginning of 1998. The purpose of the survey was to obtain the views of female nurses on various aspects of the workplace. The important findings were the fact that nurses liked working as part of a team and that this contributed the most to th eir job satisfaction. The item that contributed least to job satisfaction was pay. The most important problems were that they felt that they were not paid enough and that they need better benefits. The majority of nurses were however positive about their jobs and the items the highest on the list of career expectations were job satisfaction, followed by a need for recognition.
Establishing a South African Honour Society of Nursing under auspices of Sigma Theta Tau International (Inc.)
Authors: Van der Wal D.
Published: November 2012

The information on Sigma Theta Tau International (Inc.) which follows is reproduced from official STTI documentation with permission from the STTI Chapter Manager. This section should thus be read with the United States context in mind as certain words and concepts have different meanings in the US and SA contexts, eg under graduate, graduate, college and the like. In addition, certain words are also spelled differently in American English and standard English.
A Management Model for Professional Wholeness
Authors: De Villiers M
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this article is to describe a management model for professional wholeness. A theory generating research design was followed. Based on this model the consequences of management could be a state, which varies dynamically between minimal and maximal professional wholeness. A list of descriptive words was developed to generate qualitative indicators of professional wholeness.
fi Procedure for Evaluating Primary Health Care Software
Authors: McDonald T
Published: November 2012

Managers in health care often find themselves in the difficult position of having to make decisions regarding the purchasing of software and hardware which they are not qualified to make. The aim of this paper is to support health managers in their decision making by means of a procedure and an instrument that can be used to evaluate primary health care software. A seven step approach to the evaluation process is proposed and each step is discussed in detail. The paper concludes with a proposed software evaluation instrument that is suitable for application in the health care environment.
Nursing Research: Can a feminist perspective make any contribution?
Authors: Ehlers V
Published: November 2012

As more than 90% of the RSA’s nurses are women and as at least 50% of the health care clients are also women, nursing research can definitely benefit by incorporating feminist research approaches. Specific feminist research issues which could be relevant to nursing research include: * inherent themes in feminist research * feminist research methodology * gender stereotypes and nursing research * gender-based stereotypes of researchers * potential benefits of incorporating feminist research approaches in nursing research.
Verpleegkundiges se persepsies oor indiensopleiding in ‘n privaathospitaal
Authors: Beisheim F
Published: November 2012

A private hospital aims at quality health care delivery with a profit making motive. Inservice education to nursing staff therefore plays an important role - it should add value to the hospital and should also be cost-effective. This research hospital has a formal inservice education programme for the professional nurses, but the question arises: what are their perceptions of the inservice education in this hospital? The aim with this research is to explore and describe the perceptions of the professional nurses on inservice education and to formulate guidelines for improvement. A qualitative research strategy was utilised, with individual focus interviews as method of data collection, followed by a content analysis of the transcribed interviews. Two main categories were identified, being the positive or facilitative perceptions and the negative perceptions/obstacles. Concluding statements were formulated to serve as basis for the description of guidelines on inservice education within this hospital.
Stimulating community participation in a group of farm workers using action research.
Authors: Jagananen P
Published: November 2012

This study assessed whether community participation in health related activity was a reality or just popular development rhetoric.Using action research methodology, focus group discussions and informal contacts were made with farm workers consisting of twelve families in Umkomaas, south of Durban in the province of Kwa-Zulu Natal. The aim was to establish whether this community could be actively involved in all aspects of community participation. The level of participation was described using Rifkin’s model (Rifkin et al, 1988). Results of this study revealed that the community was able to identify their own health problems, prioritize them and plan appropriate strategies to meet the needs identified.
The Use of Reproductive Health Information Material in the Rural Clinics of Umtata District
Authors: Mbananga ND
Published: November 2012

Though it appears that there has been a long history of development .distribution and dissemination of reproductive health information materials, impediments still exist in the health information .communication and education systems in South Africa. The aim of the study was to contribute towards improvement of the development, distribution and utility of reproductive health information material both in the Eastern Cape province and nationally. In-depth understanding of complexities surrounding development, distribution and utility of educational material is key to the provision of information to communities.
Teenage mothers' knowledge of sex education in a general hospital of the Umtata district
Authors: Williams CX
Published: November 2012

There has been growing concern about the increase in teenage pregnancies in relation to the teenagers’ knowledge of human sexuality and the impact sex education has on these teenagers in both the urban and rural areas. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of sex education and the health beliefs of teenagers with regard to teenage pregnancy.
Nursing ethics in a developing country
Authors: Botes Annatjie
Published: November 2012

Nursing is a true profession, distinguished by its philosophy of care, its full-time commitment to human well being, its particular blend of knowledge and skills and its valuable service to the community (Curtin & Flaherty, 1982:92). Ethics is vital to nursing. Being a professional implies ethical behaviour and knowledge of what it means to be ethical (Pera & Van Tonder, 1996:v). Ethics is the foundation of committed service to humankind. When nurses practice in an ethical manner they should adhere to ethical principles like autonomy, beneficence, justice, veracity, fidelity, confidentiality and privacy.
Clinical Skills of Nurses in Mobile Health Services
Authors: Mofukeng DB
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this study is to explore and describe the acceptability of the clinical skills of community nurses in mobile health services. An explorative, descriptive design was employed. After a literature study, interviews were conducted with patients, and analysed, the results were verified by means of observation of the mobile services. The clinical skills were described as favourable and not favourable by patients some of which were confirmed during the observation phase. Guidelines for a more user friendly service were written.
Evaluering van argumente in navorsingsverslae
Authors: Botes A
Published: November 2012

Sommige skrywers oor navorsingsmetodologie is van mening dat navorsingsverslae op die logika van argumentering berus en dat sulke verslae met die leser kommunikeer deur logiese samehangende argumente aan te bied (Bóhme 1975:206; Mouton 1996:69). Hierdie beskouing impliseer dat navorsers bepaalde gevolgtrekkings maak en sodanige gevolgtrekkings by wyse van argumentering regverdig word (Doppelt, 1988:105; Giere, 1984:26; Harre, 1965,11; Leherer en Wagner, 1981:3 & Pitt,1988:7). Die struktuur van navorsingsverslae bestaan dus hoofsaaklik uit gevolgtrekkings en redes vir sodanige gevolgtrekkings (Booth, Colomb & Williams, 1995:97). Hieruit blyk dat regverdiging by wyse van argumentering ‘n standaardprosedure in navorsing en navorsingsverslae is.
Perceptions of black women of obesity as a health risk
Authors: Ndlovo PP
Published: November 2012

This article focuses on the exploration and description of perceptions of patients and community nurses of the phenomenon of obesity as well as any potential problems that could be foreseen if health promotion programs were planned for obese people. Whilst the researcher sought to explore patients’ perceptions of obesity as a threat to health it was also necessary to obtain similar information from the community nurses who were giving health services to these patients’. The level of knowledge of obesity as a health problem as well as the nurses personal attitude towards the phenomenon of obesity is crucial in the manner and quality of her interventions. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was utilised.
Furthering caring through nursing education
Authors: Van der Wal D
Published: November 2012

The nursing students’ main quest is for self actualization by attributing meaning to life through caring. To assist student nurses in this quest, the nurse educator needs to plan educational interventions according to an anthropological model that posits care and caring as innate human attributes. Further, the structural essence of what professional nursing caring entails should also be posited as a point of departure for curriculum planning. The author proposes such models. The main implications include that the nursing curriculum must increasingly attend to the emotional needs of nursing students. Curricular content and teaching strategies toward this goal are suggested.
Standaarde vir Neonatale Intensiewesorgverpleging: Beperkte kliniese verpleegsorgstandaarde / Standards for Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing : limited clinical nursingstandards
Authors: Johnson M
Published: November 2012

Die neonaat het die reg op gehalteverpleging en die Neonatale Intensiewesorgverpleegkundige is professioneel-eties en persoonlik aanspreeklik vir gehalteverpleging. Die proses van gehalteverbetering is ‘n gestruktureerde, beplande en doelbewuste aksie waar standaarde gestel word en die verpleegsorg aan die hand van die standaarde gemeet word sodat remediërende stappe geneem kan word om gehalteverpleging te fassiliteer. In hierdie studie word daar gefokus op die eerste stap in die gehalteverbeteringsiklus, naamlik die stel van standaarde.
Adolescent Interpersonal Communication Patterns
Authors: Grobler S
Published: November 2012

Adolescents are admitted to psychiatric wards presenting with psychiatric problems which are essentially secondary to problematic interpersonal relationships. Successful interpersonal relationships however depend on effective interpersonal communication. Therefore the aim of research on adolescent interpersonal communication was to explore and describe the interpersonal communication patterns of adolescents and to develop an interpersonal communication skills approach to facilitate adolescent interpersonal communication skills within a training programme for adolescents. In this article however attention will be given to the description of the interpersonal communication patterns of adolescents. The target population of the research was 17 year old adolescents. The research consisted of a pre-phase where two contextual scenarios were formulated within group discussions with adolescents. During phase one of the research these scenarios were used to obtain video taped role plays from pairs of adolescents of the target population which were transcribed for data gathering purposes. Written dialogues were also obtained from each pair of adolescents on the same scenarios used for triangulation purposes. During phase two of the research the data was analysed according to Tesch’s method and a literature control was done to verify the results. Guba’s model for the trustworthiness of qualitative research was used.
The Whole Brain Creativity Model: Implications for Nursing Education and Practice
Authors: Potgieter E
Published: November 2012

Recent nursing literature has repeatedly proclaimed the need for creativity in nursing. Effective nursing practice in the new millennium will require innovative and creative nurses who can adapt to change and have the courage to take risks in order to provide holistic, individualised, context-specific care. An analytical study of the literature revealed interesting information on the concept creativity and teaching for creativity. The aim of this article is to describe the Whole Brain Creativity Model and its implications for nursing education and practice.
Bemagtiging van Verpleegkundiges - 'n Konseptuele Raamwerk
Authors: Jooste K
Published: November 2012

An increasing awareness of the value of employees is experienced in health services. Empowerment as a strategy can be used constructively to promote a health services. The problem identified was the absence of a acceptable conceptual framework regarding the concept empowerment. Incomplete and divergent definitions of empowerment were also a concern.
Perceptions of Postbasic Nursing Students in the Use of Seminars as a Teaching Method
Authors: Chabeli M
Published: November 2012

With the transformation of education inthe country, and the outcomes-basededucation that is learner-centred fastgaining ground, nurse educators needto revisit the teaching methods and considerthose that will foster reflective thinkingthrough interactive constructingprocess. These methods, according toCropley and Dave (1978:196) preparelearners for lifelong learning and to challengeproblems in the working world.
Facilitating positive attitudes towards an innovative programme for baccalaureate nursing education:
Authors: Adejumo O. , Ganga-Limando M.
Published: November 2012

A survey of nurse ward leaders understanding of, and their attitude to, community/ problem based learning (CPBL) approach adopted for the education of nursing students in the degree programme of the University of Natal in Durban (UND) was conducted. This was with a view to intervening, if necessary, to ensure positive understanding and attitude among the nurse leaders towards the non-traditional CPBL of UND nursing students. It was hypothesised that focused discussions, between facilitators and nurse ward leaders, aimed at providing information and explanation about the advantages of changing from traditional to non-traditional educational programmes in nursing would enhance positive attitude towards the students and their education programme. Using a questionnaire developed for this study, quantitative and qualitative data were twice collected at intervals of 5-6 months from 54 nurse ward leaders who interacted with the CPBL students in 27 wards of 2 provincial hospitals. The data, collected in the early part of the students’ deployment and at 5-6 months after included information about the participants understanding of CPBL; their rating of CPBL students in terms of expected knowledge and practice; and their attitude towards CPBL nursing students in clinical settings. Contact sessions were held with the participants in between the measures for a discussion about the CPBL programme and the expectations of the learners. Analysis of the pre and post measures showed more favourable attitude, improved understanding, and tolerance towards the students by the nurse ward leaders in the post-measures than in the pre-measures. The writers concluded that if students in this type of programme must experience satisfaction with less intimidation, implementers of CPBL programmes in nursing should relentlessly involve the qualified nurses and other professionals working with the students in informative discussions about the purpose and the process of learning in such programmes.
Perceived treatment efficacy o f the last experienced illness episode in a community sample in the Northern Province, South Africa
Authors: Peltzer K.
Published: November 2012

This study determined the perceived efficacy of various health care providers for the last illness episode patients had suffered. 104 African/Black participants (50 male and 54 female), chosen by quota sampling from the general public (urban population of Mankweng), Northern Province, were interviewed. The research design was a one-shot case study. Medical treatment (68%) was the major choice of treatment for minor, major and chronic medical condition as well as psychological/ mental disorders. The second most important treatment choice was the herbalist (19%) for minor and chronic conditions as well as traditional illness, followed by the diviner (9%) prophet or faith healer (4%) and psychologist (2%). Combined traditional or faith healing was utilized by 32% of the sample and combined western treatment by 68%. Regarding the self-rated treatment efficacy for the last illness episode western treatment was generally perceived as more effective than traditional or faith healing. However, traditional or faith healing was considered almost as long lasting as western therapy.
A community partnership programme addresses the needs of three partners in a unique way
Authors: Viljoen M.J.
Published: November 2012

The process for the establishment of a community development programme between three partners, namely the community of Mangaung, the University of the Orange Free State and the Health Department of the Free State is discussed from the beginning. The phases of the process, the related stumbling blocks, the reasons for success, the scope of the programme, as well as the extent to which the three partners benefited from it, are discussed.
Support for nurses directly involved with women who chose to terminate a pregnancy
Authors: Gmeiner AC , Van Wyk S , Poggenpoel M , Myburgh CPH
Published: November 2012

Research conducted by Poggenpoel, Myburgh and Gmeiner (1998:2-8) on “One voice regarding the legalization of abortion: Nurses who experience discomfort” indicated that the nurses were in favour of the fact that nurses should volunteer to participate in terminating a pregnancy of a woman. From our observations in clinics where nurses voluntarily participate in providing reproductive health services, including termination of pregnancy, it became clear that supporting these nurses may be essential. To be able to provide support, it is necessary to identify, explore and describe nurses’ experience of being directly involved with women who terminate their pregnancy. To enable us to address the identified problems, a qualitative research strategy was implemented in which respondents were included in the sample through purposive sampling. Phenomenological interviews were conducted individually. Data was analysed by means of Tesch’s descriptive approach. Thereafter, guidelines for operationalisation were inferred from the results and a literature control completed to verify and enrich guidelines. Measures to ensure trustworthiness have been applied in the research and ethical measures have been strictly adhered to regarding this sensitive issue.
Clinical accompaniment: the critical care nursing students’ experiences in a private hospital
Authors: Tsele N. , Muller Marie
Published: November 2012

The quality of clinical accompaniment of the student enrolled for the post-basic diploma in Medical and Surgical Nursing Science: Critical Care Nursing (General) is an important dimension of the educational/learning programme. The clinical accompanist/mentor is responsible for ensuring the student’s compliance with the clinical outcomes of the programme in accordance with the requirements laid down by the Nursing Education Institution and the South African Nursing Council. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of the students enrolled for a post-basic diploma in Medical and Surgical Nursing Science: Critical Care Nursing (General), in relation to the clinical accompaniment in a private hospital in Gauteng. An exploratory, descriptive and phenomenological research design was utilised and individual interviews were conducted with the ten students in the research hospital. A content analysis was conducted and the results revealed both positive and negative experiences by the students in the internal and external worlds. The recommendations include the formulation of standards for clinical accompaniment of students. the evaluation of the quality of clinical accompaniment of students and empowerment of the organisation, clinical accompanists/mentors and clinicians.
Die funksie van die gemeenskapsverpleegkundige in kuratiewe distriksgesondheidsdienste
Authors: SMIT H P , Roos Dr S D
Published: November 2012

In South Africa patients are discharged sooner from hospitals, because of a shortage in hospital beds, thus more patients are nursed at home. More prominence should be given to the function of the community nurse in these mainly curative health services. An explorative and descriptive study was performed in order to explore and describe the functions of the community nurse in the context of the district health service in South Africa. These functions described in this article were determined by means of an analysis of duty sheets as well as the use of questionnaires which was based on a literature study. Some conclusions and recommendations were made on which the community nurse can base these nursing services.
Profile of care given to patients with blunt chest injuries within the first 48 hours
Authors: Nyangena E
Published: November 2012

This study was conducted in the trauma unit of a large academic hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study aimed at describing the nature of care that patients with blunt chest injuries received during the first 48 hours after injury. A descriptive survey was chosen using retrospective and prospective record review to obtain data. The sample comprised 60 records of patients who were admitted to the hospital due to blunt chest injuries between January 1997 and June 1998. Descriptive statistics were used to present and analyse data. The study showed that: (i) Blunt chest trauma victims received a thorough initial assessment and care. No missed injuries were identified on subsequent assessment; (ii) More than half of the patients spent over one hour in the accident/emergency department before admission to the trauma ward or intensive care unit (ICU); (iii) Motor vehicle accidents (MVA) were the commonest cause of injury while pedestrian vehicle accidents (PVA) were often fatal; (iv) Nurses are good providers of care but poor in prescribing and documenting care; (v) Pain assessment and psychosocial care was often neglected; (vi) Less than half the patients developed complications during the first 48 hours; pain and pneumonia being the most common complications encountered.
The community health clinics as a learning context for student nurses
Authors: Makupu MB , Botes A
Published: November 2012

The purpose of the research study was to describe guidelines to improve the community health clinics as a learning context conducive to learning. The objectives of the study commenced by getting the perception of student nurses from a nursing college in Gauteng; community sisters from ten community health clinics in the Southern Metropolitan Local Council and college tutors from a college in Gauteng. The research design and method used, consisting of a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual approach and the design was divided into two phases. Phase one consisted of a field/empirical study and phase two of conceptualization. In all the samples follow-up focus group interviews were conducted to confirm the findings. To ensure trustworthiness, Lincoln and Guba’s model (1985) was implemented and data analysis was according to Tesch’s model (1990 in Creswell 1994:155) based on a qualitative approach. The conceptual framework discussed, indicating a body of knowledge, was based on the study and empirical findings from phase one to give clear meaning and understanding regarding the research study. The research findings were then compared with existing literature within the framework, to determine similarities and differences as literature control method. Guidelines were then formulated from phase one and two to solve the indicated problems based on the three different sample groups. Ethical consideration was maintained throughout the research study. Recommendations related to nursing education, nursing practice and nursing research were indicated accordingly.
Die belewenis van die pasiënt en die verpleegkundige tydens tuberkulose-onderrig
Authors: Strydom M , Greeff M , Nel A
Published: November 2012

This article focused on the problem that patients suffering from tuberculosis often stop taking their prescribed medicine and become defaulters. Although various factors could possibly contribute to the non compliance of the patients, this research had focused only on the teaching-learning situation. The experience of both the primary health nurse and the patient suffering from tuberculosis, during the teaching-learning situation in tuberculosis education, has been explored and described within the context of the North West Province. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with primary health nurses and defaulting patients suffering from tuberculosis. Interviews were recorded on tape and transcribed verbatim. The method of content analysis was used. The research has proven that adult-teaching principles have not been established in the teaching-learning situation and that the parent-child ego state predominates in communication.
Adolescent mothers’ utilisation of reproductive health services in the Gauteng province of the republic of South Africa
Authors: Ehlers VJ , Maja T , Sellers E , Gololo M
Published: November 2012

A financial grant was received from the World Health Organization (WHO) during 1998 to establish whether adolescent mothers (aged 19 or younger at the birth of their babies) utilized contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and termination of pregnancy (TOP) services in the Republic of South Africa (RSA). This report refers to data obtained from 111 questionnaires completed by dolescent mothers between January 2000 and May 2000 in the Gauteng Province; 61 in the Pretoria and 50 in the Garankuwa areas, and excluding the 12 completed questionnaires used foi pretesting the research instrument. The biographic data of the 111 adolescent mothers indicated that the minority were married, employed or earned sufficient income to care for themselves and their babies. However, the minority used contraceptives prior to conception, none used emergency contraceptives or termination of pregnancy (TOP) services. The minority attended ante-natal clinics five or more times during their pregnancies, and a negligible number indicated that they had ever been treated for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These findings indicate that the 111 adolescent mothers in Gauteng who participated in this survey did not make optimum use of the available reproductive health (RH) care services. Education about sex, pregnancy and contraceptives should commence at the age of 10, but no later than the age of 12 as the majority of respondents did not have the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions about their futures. The accessibility of contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and TOP services for adolescents should be investigated in specific areas and attempts made to enhance such accessi- bility. This might necessitate offering these services over weeker| ds or during evenings when school girls could attend without fear of meeting their mothers, aunts or teachers at these clinics.
Meanings and expressions of care and caring for elders in urban Namibian families:
Authors: Leuning CJ , Small LF , Van Dyk A
Published: November 2012

Since Namibia’s Independence in 1990, the population of elders—persons 65 years old and older—in urban communities is growing steadily. As such, requests for home health care, health counselling, respite care and residential care for aging members of society are overwhelming nurses and the health care system. This study expands transcultural nursing knowledge by increasing understanding of generic (home-based) patterns of elder care that are practised and lived by urban Namibian families. Guided by Madeleine Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and universality and the ethnonursing research method, emic (insider) meanings and expressions of care and caring for elders in selected urban households have been transposed into five substantive themes. The themes, which depict what caring for elders means to urban families, include: 1 nurturing the health of the family, 2 trusting in the benevolence of life as lived, 3 honouring one’s elders, 4 sustaining security and purpose for life amid uncertainty, and 5 living with rapidly changing cultural and social structures. These findings add a voice from the developing world to the evolving body of transcultural nursing knowledge. Synthesis of findings with professional care practices facilitates the creation of community-focussed models for provisioning culturally congruent nursing care to elders and their families in urban Namibia.