bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Use of Soil Water Resources and Crop High-Quality Production in Water-Limited Regions
Authors:   ISWC, Northwestern A & F University, CAS & MWR, Yangling, g, China, Guo Zhongsheng
Published: March 2024

Crop can effectively produce plant productions and services to meet the needs of the people. However, because land use changes alter the plant water relationship, resulting in soil dryness, soil degradation and crop failure in dry years, or waste of soil water resources in wet year in water-scarce areas, both are unfavorable for the sustainable utilization of soil water resources and crops high- quality production. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the unbalanced plant water relationship, obtain the maximum yield and services to realize the sustainable utilization of soil water resources by plants and crops high-quality management. However, there is not a universally accepted theory to provide guidance of regulation of plant water relationship in practice. Here we show that the theory of sustainable use of soil water resources includes the Soil Water Resources Use Limit by Plants (SWRULP) and Soil Water Vegetation Carrying Capacity (SWVCC). The SWRULP is the soil water resources in the Maximum Infiltration Depth (MID) in which the soil water content in every soil layer equal to wilting coefficient. The wilting coefficient is expressed by the wilting coefficient of indicate plant in the community. When soil water resources in the MID is lower than SWRULP, the plant water relation enters the Critical Period of Plant Soil Relationship Regulation (CPPSRR). The day on which the soil water resources in the MID is lower than SWRULP belong to soil water resources shortage period. If present plant density is more than SWCCV in the critical period of plant soil relationship regulation, plant soil relationship regulation has to be regulated based on SWCCV and then realize sustainable use of soil water resources and get the maximum yield and service. SWVCC is the population or density of indicator plants in a plant community when the soil water supply is equal to soil water consumption in the root zone in the CPPSRR, which changes with plant community type, site condition and time.
Relationship between Benzodiazepines and Other Sedatives and Sarcopenia in Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors:   Department of Intern Medicine/Geriatrics, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Spain, MGC Harmand , AT Concepción ,   Department of Intern Medicine/Geriatrics, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Spain, CD Fuentes ,   Pharmacy Department, University of La Laguna, Spain, Y Ramallo-Fariña ,   Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Tenerife, Spain
Published: March 2024

Little is known about the relationship between drug iatrogenesis and the pathogenesis of osteosarcopenia. Although some drugs are known to increase the risk of falls and fractures due to their action on the central nervous system, their direct relationship with loss of both the quantity and quality of muscle and bone is poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to determine whether osteosarcopenia is more frequent in patients hospitalized with a fragility fracture of the hip and with chronic administration of benzodiazepines, benzodiazepine analogs or muscle relaxants than in patients not taking these drugs. This prospective case-control study included 100 patients aged 65 years or older. Of these patients, 38 were taking benzodiazepines and 48 were taking other sedatives. Comparison of these two groups revealed no significant differences in the appearance of sarcopenia, but sedative use was related to the appearance of sarcopenia when analyzed as a dichotomous variable (20 [41.7%]; p=0.046), and as a continuous score on the SARC-F scale (3.46 ± 2.48; p=0.004). On multivariate analysis with sarcopenia as a dependent and continuous variable, the risk of its appearance was significantly increased by the use of non-benzodiazepine sedatives and a higher Charlson comorbidity index score. To avoid this disease and the iatrogenic effects of sedative use, drug prescription in older adults should be regularly reviewed in daily clinical practice.
Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes in the Geriatrimss Program at Hospital De Especialidades # 14, Veracruz Mexico, Imss
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital de Especialidades # 14, Veracruz, México, ME Isidro Simón , MA Pedraza Zárate ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estatal Veracruz Norte, Coordinación de Nutrición. Xalapa, Veracruz, México, N Franco álvarez ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital de Especialidades # 14, Veracruz, México, MG Montes Osorio ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estatal Veracruz Sur, Coordinador de Planeación y Enlace Institucional, Orizaba, Veracruz, México
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Geriatric syndromes are the set of symptoms and signs that can be manifestations of one or various pathologies that are frequently intertwined, producing greater morbidity and mortality. Objective: To know the prevalence of geriatric syndromes of the Geriatrimss program in the specialty hospital # 14, Veracruz Mexico, IMSS. Material and Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study, evaluating patients belonging to the GERIATRIMSS program of the specialty hospital # 14 of the city of Veracruz Ver. Mexico, in a period of 12 months. The comprehensive geriatric evaluation card was applied. Descriptive analysis with frequencies and percentages, in SPSS v24. Results: 538 patients in total, 347 (64.5%) were female, the traumatology service was the one with the highest prevalence with 215 (40.2%), arterial hypertension with 317 (58.9%), non-abuse and/or mistreatment predominated in 528 (98.1%) patients, with functional depression there were 325 (60.4%) patients, 442 (82.0%) patients had immobility and odontoprosthetic diseases in 276 (51.3%) patients. Conclusions: The female gender predominated, the traumatology service was the most prevalent, arterial hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity, in most of the patients there was no abuse and / or mistreatment, with greater functional depression, there was greater immobility, there was a predominance of dental prosthetic diseases as the most prevalent geriatric syndromes.
The Role of Melatonin in the Management of Insomnia in the Elderly
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital, Indonesia, Pratiwi Amalia Nur , Shatri Hamzah ,   Psychosomatic and Palliative Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital, Indonesia, Putranto Rudi ,   Psychosomatic and Palliative Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital, Indonesia, Irvianita Vinandia ,   Psychosomatic and Palliative Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital, Indonesia, Faisal Edward ,   Psychosomatic and Palliative Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital, Indonesia
Published: March 2024

Older people have various kinds of comorbidity that can reduce their quality of life, one of which is insomnia. The diagnosis of insomnia is established clinically through history taking and the assessment of sleep quality with PSQI (Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index) scoring. Insomnia can be a diagnosis of exclusion if there are no signs of other sleep disturbances through polysomnography examination. However, complaints of difficulty falling asleep (Sleep onset latency) and shortened sleep duration that disrupts daily activities during the day can be classified as insomnia. The elderly population has a high prevalence of insomnia, around 60%; therefore, this issue needs to be addressed. Various factors can trigger insomnia in old age, one of which is a decrease in serum melatonin levels. Thus, it is thought that melatonin therapy can improve insomnia symptoms in the elderly and have minimal side effects.
An Electrochemical Series for Materials
Authors: Mueller Tim , Montoya Joseph , Ye Weike , Lei Xiangyun , Hung Linda , Hummelshøj Jens , Puzon Michael , Martinez Daniel , Fajardo Chris , Abela Rachel
Published: March 2024

The electrochemical series is a useful tool in electrochemistry, but its effectiveness in materials chemistry is limited by the fact that the standard electrochemical series is based on a relatively small set of reactions, many of which are measured in aqueous solutions. To address this problem, we have used machine learning to create an electrochemical series for inorganic materials from tens of thousands of entries in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. We demonstrate that this series is generally more consistent with oxidation states in solid-state materials than the series based on aqueous ions. The electrochemical series was constructed by developing and parameterizing a physical, human-interpretable model of oxidation states in materials. This model enables the prediction of oxidation states from composition in a way that is more accurate than a state-of-the-art transformer-based neural network model. We present applications of our approach to structure prediction, materials discovery, and materials electrochemistry, and we discuss possible additional applications and areas for improvement. To facilitate the use of our approach, we introduce a freely available web site and API.
Complexation and Disproportionation of Group 4 Metal (Alkoxy) Halides with Phosphine Oxides
Authors: Seno Carlotta , Pokratath Rohan , Van den Eynden Dietger , Unniram Parambil Ajmal Roshan , Dhaene Evert , Prescimone Alessandro , De Roo Jonathan
Published: March 2024

Group 4 Lewis acids are well-known catalysts and precursors for (non-aqueous) sol-gel chemistry. Titanium, zirconium and hafnium halides, and alkoxy halides are precursors for the controlled synthesis of nanocrystals, often in the presence of Lewis base. Here, we investigate the interaction of Lewis bases with the tetrahalides (MX4 X = Cl, Br) and metal alkoxy halides (MXx(OR)4-x, x = 1-3, R = OiPr, OtBu). The tetrahalides yield the expected Lewis acid-base adducts MX4L2 (L = tetrahydrofuran or phosphine oxide). The mixed alkoxy halides react with Lewis bases in a more complex way. 31P NMR spectroscopy reveals that excess of phosphine oxide yields predominantly the complexation product, while a (sub)stoichiometric amount of phosphine oxide causes disproportionation of the MXx(OR)4-x species into MXx+1(OR)3-x and MXx-1(OR)5-x. The combination of complexation and disproportionation yields an atypical Job plot. In the case of zirconium isopropoxy chlorides, we fitted the concentration of all observed species and extracted thermodynamic descriptors from the Job plot. The complexation equilibrium constant decreases in the series: ZrCl3(OiPr) > ZrCl2(OiPr)2 >> ZrCl(OiPr)3, while the disproportionation equilibrium constant follows the opposite trend. Using calculations at the DFT level of theory, we show that disproportionation is driven by the more energetically favorable Lewis acid-base complex formed with the more acidic species. We also gain more insight into the isomerism of the complexes. The disproportionation reaction turns out to be a general phenomenon, for titanium, zirconium and hafnium, for chlorides and bromides, and for iso-propoxides and tert-butoxides.
Red-Light Photocatalytic Activation Of Pt(IV) Anticancer Prodrugs Using Methylene Blue
Authors: Carrasco Ana C. , Bajetto Greta , Scoditti Stefano , Pieslinger German E. , Gambino Francesco , De Andrea Marco , Sicilia Emilia , Martínez-Martínez Virginia , Dell’Oste Valentina , Salassa Luca
Published: March 2024

Catalysis-based approaches offer versatile strategies for activating anticancer prodrugs, potentially allowing precise control over drug release and localization within tumor tissues, while reducing systemic toxicity. In this study, we explore the role of the phenothiazine dye methylene blue (MB+) as a photocatalyst in conjunction with biologically relevant electron donors to facilitate the red-light conversion of two Pt(IV) complexes, denoted as cis,cis,trans-[PtCl2(NH3)2(O2CCH2CH2COOH)2] (1) and trans-[Pt(O2CCH2CH2COOH)21R,2R-(DACH)(ox)] (2), into cisplatin and oxaliplatin, respectively. Combining spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV-Vis, flash photolysis) with computational methods, we reveal that the doubly reduced MB+ (leucomethylene blue, LMB) triggers the reductive elimination of axial ligands in the two Pt(IV) precursors, generating the corresponding Pt(II) anticancer drugs. In vitro experiments conducted on the human cervical cancer cell line CaSki, which harbors multiple copies of the integrated HPV-16 genome, and on non-tumoral cells (HaCat) demonstrate that co-administration with Pt(IV) prodrugs improves MB+'s antiproliferative efficacy in cancer cells, particularly under red light exposure. This enhancement arises from the catalytic production of Pt(II) species within the cellular environment.
A dataset of compound-target pairs to analyse differences between drugs, clinical candidates and other bioactive compounds
Authors: Heinzke A. Lina , Zdrazil Barbara , Leeson Paul D. , Young Robert J. , Pahl Axel , Waldmann Herbert , Leach Andrew R.
Published: March 2024

Providing a better understanding of what makes a compound a successful drug candidate is crucial for reducing the high attrition rates in drug discovery. Analyses of the differences between active compounds, clinical candidates and drugs require high-quality datasets. However, most datasets of drug discovery programs are not openly available. This work introduces a dataset of compound-target pairs extracted from the open-source bioactivity database ChEMBL (release 32). Compound-target pairs in the dataset either have at least one measured activity or are part of the manually curated set of known interactions in ChEMBL. Known interactions between drugs or clinical candidates and targets are specifically annotated to facilitate analyses on differences between drugs, clinical candidates, and other active compounds. In total, the dataset comprises 614,594 compound-target pairs, 5,109 (3,932) of which are known interactions between drugs (clinical candidates) and targets. The extraction is performed in an automated manner and fully reproducible. We are providing not only the datasets but also the code to rerun the analyses with other ChEMBL releases.
The choice of pathogenetic therapy for a patient with dorsalgia: A review
Authors: Kamchatnov Pavel R. , Cheremin Roman A. , Skipetrova Liudmila A. , Chugunov Alexandr V. , Prikazchikov Sergei V.
Published: March 2024

Musculoskeletal pain syndromes are one of the common causes of temporary disability associated with a decrease in the quality of life of patients. Dorsalgia (DA) is the most common form of these syndromes. Currently, osteoarthritis of the facet joints has been replaced as one of the main mechanisms for the occurrence of DA. The article discusses the main causes of DA development, important inflammatory processes in its symptoms. The issues of treatment of patients with DA are discussed. Information about the efficacy and safety of the use of Nise® (nimesulide) is given.
The difficult way in diagnostics of neurological manifestations of Sjogren's disease. Case report
Authors: Shchepankevich Maria S. , Bogoderova Larisa A. , Veretelnikov Ivan A. , Taneeva Elena V. , Korobko Denis S.
Published: March 2024

Sjogren's disease is an immunoinflammatory rheumatic disease that is characterized by damage to the secreting epithelial glands with the development of parenchymal sialadenitis with xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca with hypolacrymia. Due to the high heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of this disease, diagnosis is difficult. This article presents a clinical case of a patient with a detailed description of the manifestation, course, and treatment of Sjogren's disease with a rare combination of extraglandular complications in the form of polymyositis and secondary polyneuropathy.
Vegetative disorders in anxiety disorder: A review
Authors: Marchenko Vladislav Y. , Petelin Dmitry S.
Published: March 2024

Vegetative disorders are characteristic of patients with anxiety disorders, which are becoming more common and negatively affect the quality of life of both the patients themselves and their environment. Almost 20% of the population suffers from anxiety disorders, and women are more prone to these diseases than men. Anxiety disorders include panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and other disorders. In most cases, anxiety disorders are accompanied by vegetative symptoms, such as palpitations, sweating, trembling, changes in appetite and others. Vegetative disorders often mimic somatic and neurological disorders in patients with anxiety disorders, therefore they create problems for diagnosis. In our country, a significant part of patients with anxiety disorders are observed by neurologists with a diagnosis of somatoform dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system or autonomic dystonia. The therapy of the underlying disease, which includes lifestyle optimization, psychotherapy and medications, is of leading importance in reducing vegetative disorders.
The role of timely rheumatoid arthritis treatment effectiveness control
Authors: Musaeva Larisa M. , Prokofeva Yulia A. , Menshikova Irina V. , Rasulova Aishat E.
Published: March 2024

Background. Regular assessment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity is a key factor in therapy effectiveness improving.
Aim. To prove that timely RA treatment control recommended by modern guidelines improves outcomes and reduce disability in real clinical practice.
Materials and methods. Fourty patients with RA hospitalized at the University Clinical Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were included into a retrospective single-center study and divided into 2 groups. In the first group, RA activity was monitored after 3, 6, and 12 months, with therapy adjusted if necessary. In the second group, monitoring of RA activity was carried out after 12 months. The patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations (Tender Joint Count (TJC) and Swollen Joint Count (SJC), common blood test with differential white blood cell count, ESR, biochemical blood test, CRP, RF, ACCP, hands, feet and chest X-ray, ECG). RA activity was assessed using DAS28, CDAI, SDAI indices in both groups.
Results. RA activity control after 12 months in patients of the first group regularly observed by a rheumatologist was better than in patients of the second group, who visited rheumatologist again only in 12 months. DAS28 decreased significantly, from 4.71±0.80 to 3.08±0.70 in the group with regular monitoring during the observation period. Remission or low activity was achieved by 75% of patients (5% remission and 70% low activity). Less dynamics was registered in patients of the second group: the initial DAS28 was 4.50±0.74, DAS28 after 12 months was 4.36±0.64, which corresponds to moderate activity. Low activity was achieved in 15% of patients, remission was not achieved in any patient.
Conclusion. Strict adherence to the recommended terms for disease activity monitoring is necessary for successful RA treatment in real clinical practice.
Evaluation of Inflammation Markers in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: ŞAHİN Fatih , TEKECİ Muhammed Halit , KOCAYİGİT Havva , PALABIYIK Onur , KOCHAİ Alauddin
Published: March 2024

Objectives: High inflammatory markers are thought to be important in evaluating poor postoperative outcomes in older orthopedic patients. We aim to investigate the effect of inflammatory markers in patients over 80 who have undergone a hip fracture surgery regarding 30-day mortality and preoperative evaluation.

Materials and Methods: Patients over 80 who had undergone hip fracture surgery were included. Age, gender, type of anesthesia, comorbidities, anticoagulant, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, hospitalization period, 30-day mortality rates, were recorded and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) values were calculated.

Results: The mean age was 85.48±4.07 years old. Postoperative ICU admission was found to be 41.1%, and the 30-day mortality rate was 3.3%. The PLR value was 191±105, the NLR value was 6.4±4.5, and the SII value was 1410±1210. A significant correlation was found between ICU hospitalization and mortality, preoperative and postoperative hospital stay.

Conclusion: While there was a positive correlation between intensive care hospitalization and mortality, although no statistically significant correlation was found between the PLR, NLR and SII values and mortality rates, high values close to those stated in the literature were found.
AN EVALUATION OF DATA ANONYMIZATION METHODS FOR DATA PUBLISHING
Authors: Singh Monika
Published: March 2024

Data anonymization approaches have been the focus of research recently for several types of structured data, including tabular, graph, and item set data. In this article, we provide a succinct yet thorough assessment of a number of anonymization approaches, including generalisation and bucketization, which have been created for publishing microdata while protecting privacy. Recent research has demonstrated that generalisation results in significant information loss, particularly for high-dimensional data. Bucketization, however, does not stop membership disclosure. While slicing both prevents membership disclosure and preserves the data’s superior utility than generalisation. The practical methods that can be employed to provide improved data utility and handle high-dimensional data are the main emphasis of this research.
MODELLING AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDUCTIVELY COUPLED CIRCULAR AND SQUARE LOOP WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER AT UHF BAND FOR AUTOMOBILE CHARGING
Authors: Adebayo Olusakin Adeniran, , Olusegun Olabisi, , Akankpo Akankpo , Okon Akaninyene , Emmanuel Bassey Umoren, , Kufre Israel Udo, , Odira Anyanor Oliver , Ebuka Okechukwu Agbasi,
Published: March 2024

Electric cars are now in high demand in every part of the world in order to minimise fossil fuel usage, which in turn will reduce environmental pollution with a view to achieving a green environment. Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) is now becoming a technology that is highly sought globally. Wireless Power Transmission is an approved and achieving technology, uncovering its applications in various fields. Power is transferred from a source to an electrical load without the need for interconnection. In this research, inductively square and circular loop wireless power transfer was simulated, modelled and analysed for charging cars (Electric Vehicles). The effects of orientation and alignment, as well as coupling losses, of transmitting and receiving loops were observed. Square and circular loop sizes and orientation were determined. Simulation was accomplished using the electromagnetic system COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 at a frequency domain of 1.8MHz. Results obtained from the simulation showed a strong coupling at 0 degrees and a heat coupling around the receiving antenna at an angle of 90 degrees for the square loop, while the circular loop displayed perfect coupling at all angles, with average electromagnetic wave energy/power flow for both circular and square ranges from 3.4433 to 12.308Wm2 and directivity of 6.7502 and 1.3018dB, respectively, which makes the circular loop more acceptable for electrical vehicle charging. The radiating coupling power at different varying angles depends on their reflection coefficient (S-parameters), which explain how much power is reflected and how the variation in the position and orientation of the loops affects the mutual coupling. These results indicate that a square loop is good for direct charging while a circular loop is absolutely perfect for both direct and indirect charging.
UTILIZING BUSINESS ANALYTICS FOR CYBERSECURITY: A PROPOSAL FOR PROTECTING BUSINESS SYSTEMS AGAINST CYBER ATTACKS
Authors: Marius Okafor Chiedozie , Odochi Agho Mercy , Vivian Ekwezia Awele , Louis Eyo-Udo Nsisong , Daraojimba Chibuike
Published: March 2024

In the age of digital transformation, businesses face an escalating challenge in managing cyber threats. The paper “Utilizing Business Analytics for Cybersecurity: A Proposal for Protecting Business Systems Against Cyber Attacks” delves into an innovative approach where the power of business analytics is harnessed to bolster cybersecurity defenses. An exhaustive exploration elucidates how data, a seemingly intangible asset, can be transformed into actionable insights that preemptively detect, mitigate, and counteract cyber threats. The discourse emphasizes the convergence of two distinct domains: business analytics and cybersecurity. This union is demonstrated to be synergistic, enhancing the capabilities of traditional cybersecurity methods. Predictive analytics forecast potential threats, behavioral analytics discern anomalies in user activities, and network analytics spotlight vulnerabilities in real-time. Moreover, the iterative nature of these analytical processes ensures a proactive and evolving defense mechanism. The paper underscores the myriad benefits of this integration, including efficient resource allocation, enhanced incident response, and the cultivation of an organizational culture centered on continuous learning. While the advantages are manifold, challenges are inherent. Issues related to privacy, data quality, and the necessity for regular model updates are discussed in depth. Furthermore, a detailed framework is proposed, guiding businesses in seamlessly incorporating business analytics into their cybersecurity strategies. From data collection and validation to model deployment and continuous monitoring, each stage is meticulously crafted to ensure maximum efficacy. In summation, the paper serves as both an enlightening exploration and a clarion call for businesses. In an era where threats evolve rapidly, the amalgamation of business analytics with cybersecurity presents a formidable solution, ensuring robust and resilient defenses.
INTEGRATED GEOLOGY AND ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LATERITIC SOIL AT ITA – ONIYAN AREA, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Tolulope Ogunribido Thompson Henry
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the geology and the engineering geological properties of lateritic soil of Ita – Oniyan area of Ondo state, Southwestern, Nigeria. Twenty soil samples were collected from twenty test pits at depth of about 1.0m and were air–dried for two weeks and, thereafter were subjected to laboratory analyses which include natural moisture content, particle size analysis, consistency limits, linear shrinkage, specific gravity, standard compaction, shear strength, and unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Results showed that the natural moisture content of the soils ranged from 7% to 28%, the liquid limit ranged from 30.2% to 69.1%, the plastic limit ranged from 17.5% to 43.4%, while the plasticity index ranged from 8.6% to 36.9%. The soils were grouped into CL (low plasticity), CI (medium plasticity), and CH (high plasticity). Linear shrinkage ranged from 3.7% to 11.9%. Grain size analysis gave coarse contents varying from 30.4% to 98.1% and fine contents from 27.4% to 86.9%. The unsoaked CBR ranged from 18% to 72%, for compaction, MDD ranged from 1482kg/m3 to 1981kg/m3, and OMC from 13.7% to 32.5%. Geologic mapping showed that the major rock types in the study area were biotite gneiss, charnockite, quartzite and granite parent rocks from which the soil was formed. The soil samples are made up of lateritic soil with high clay content mainly illite, since the soil samples in the study area have poor engineering properties therefore the soil needed to be stabilized to improve their engineering properties.
ECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION OF TURMERIC IN SURKHET DISTRICT OF NEPAL
Authors: Rajbanshi Santosh , Sapkota Saroj , Neupane Rijan , Dhungel Sushanta , Poudel Satish
Published: March 2024

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a high value spice crop of high medicinal and economic concern in Nepal. The most important component found in turmeric which makes it valuable in the market is curcumin which is very helpful in the treatment of many diseases. For this study, proportionate sampling technique was taken to select a total of 120 sample farmers from the five study areas of surkhet district viz. Panchapuri municipality, Lekbesi municipality, Bheriganga municipality, Chaukune rural municipality and Barahataal rural municipality. The study showed that the BC ratio of turmeric production was 1.32 with the total production cost of NRs. 13083.18 and gross revenue of NRs. 17225.91. The low BC ratio was due to the high seed rhizome price which shares about 34.07% of total cost of production and low mechanization. The regression analysis of the obtained data showed that the input resources like human labor, bullock labor, FYM cost and miscellaneous costs are underutilized whereas the seed cost is over utilized. The coefficient of return to scale is 0.317709 which indicates the diminishing rate of return in turmeric production meaning if 10% of the input resource is increased, only 3.2% of production will be increased. Price of turmeric seed rhizomes have been increased by 62.07% in recent 5 years showing the high price variation in seed rhizomes in study area. Thus, to fight with various problems associated with turmeric production, government intervention, extensive trainings, and mechanization are strongly recommended.
PRODUCTION ECONOMICS OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS) IN SURKHET, NEPAL
Authors: Ghimire Sudip , Gyawali Lekhnath
Published: March 2024

A study was undertaken on the economics of producing maize in the major maize-growing areas of Lekbeshi and Gurbhakot Municipality in Surkhet, Nepal. The study’s overarching goal was to assess and analyze the economics of producing maize in Surkhet A few specific goals were to identify the socio-demographic features of maize growers, as well as maize production and productivity. Many variables affect maize yield, including weed control, irrigation, insect and pest damage, and fertilizer use. Production economics examines the link between inputs and outputs, including labor, all economic investments, seeds, fertilizer, and irrigation, as well as outputs such as the price of produced maize. The required information was obtained with the help of a pre-tested questionnaire and 2 focus group discussions. Regarding the gender of the household head, most of them were male 75% and female 25% denoting a male-dominated society. Most of the respondents were female 52%. The fact that maize is primarily grown for self-consumption in this area makes it difficult to calculate costs, investments, returns, and benefits. Key problems that affect maize production include pests, diseases, marketing, fertilizer costs, low-quality seed, seed scarcity, and the lack of efficient technology. Fertilizers, seeds, and prepared fields were discovered to increase maize output. To improve maize production, key factors should be considered and limits reduced.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF POTATO CULTIVATION IN DOTI DISTRICT OF NEPAL
Authors: Gautam Bibek , Adhikari Sushma , Acharya Shreeja
Published: March 2024

A study entitled “Profitability and Resource use efficiency analysis of potato cultivation in Doti district of Nepal” was conducted on Bogtan and Jorayal RM of Doti on March April 2023 with an objective to access the profitability and resource use status in Potato production. 100 farming HH were randomly selected and interviewed using structured questionnaire. Data analysis was using SPSS and Microsoft excel to identify the BC ratio and resource use efficiency using Cobb Douglas production function. It was observed that potato production is Profitable in the study area with average yield of 446.02 Kg per kattha providing gross return of NRs. 13607.60 per kattha which statistically similar in both RM. Net return (NRs 2851.4) and BC ratio (1.25) by farmers of Jorayal is statistically par at 5% and 1% level of confidence in compared to Net return (NRs. 1875.59) and BC ratio (1.15) enjoyed by farmers of Bogtan. On production function analysis it was revealed that Cost of FYM in both Jorayal (0.24) and Bogtan (0.31) and Cost of total labor in Bogtan (0.39) was significant at 1% Confidence level. Similarly Cost of seed in Bogtan (0.33), Cost of Pesticide in Jorayal (0.12) and total cost of labor in Jorayal (0.20) was significant at 5% level of confidence, while Cost of seed (0.28) in Jorayal was significant at 10% level of Confidence. Efficiency ratios indicated that cost of seed in Bogtan (12.01) and Jorayal (10.61), Cost of FYM in Bogtan (11.33) and Jorayal (9.21), Cost of pesticide in Bogtan (1.98) and Jorayal (5.58), and labor in Bogtan (13.24) and Jorayal (7.20), while cost of land preparation and planting in Bogtan (4.46) were higher than 1 suggesting was underutilizing these resources while cost of land preparation and planting (-1.02) was overused in Jorayal. Therefore the findings suggests that number of factors, such as inadequate training and capacity building, traditional management techniques, a lack of investment in capital or technology, had led to underutilization of resources which must be addressed for optimal production and Income.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF REDEFINING AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: OVERCOMING CHALLENGES AND SEIZING OPPORTUNITIES IN A CHANGING WORLD
Authors: Ibukun Babalola Faith , Olaoluwa Oladayo Gbolahan , Eboigbe Emmanuel Osamuyimen , Daraojimba Rosita Eberechukwu
Published: March 2024

This paper critically examines the evolving field of agricultural economics and its imperative to transition towards sustainable development. Traditional agricultural practices have often been associated with environmental degradation, resource depletion, and social inequities. This paper reviews the current state of agricultural economics, identifies key challenges, and proposes a framework for redefining the discipline to align with the principles of sustainable development. It provides a comprehensive overview of the topic, demonstrating a clear understanding of the issues and challenges in agricultural economics. It offers valuable insights into the role of agricultural economics in promoting sustainable development and provides a well-structured framework for redefining the discipline to meet the needs of the future. The study highlights the evolving role of agricultural economics in achieving sustainable development, with a focus on both challenges and opportunities. The methods involve a thorough literature review, analyzing principles of sustainable agriculture, economic instruments, technological innovations, and social dimensions. Case studies from diverse regions illustrate successful implementations of sustainable practices. The findings underscore the significance of agroecology, economic incentives, and market mechanisms in promoting sustainable agriculture. Precision agriculture and biotechnology emerge as pivotal technologies, but ethical considerations are paramount. Social dimensions, including rural development and gender equity, play crucial roles in achieving sustainability. The review identifies barriers to adoption and proposes future research directions to advance the field. Overall, the review advocates for a paradigm shift in agricultural economics, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and sustainable approach to address global challenges and contribute to a more sustainable future.
ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY AND CUCUMBER PRODUCTIVITY AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
Authors: C. Onuwa Godfrey , Wuyep Gloria , C. Alamanjo Cosmos
Published: March 2024

In the tropics, cucumber is a popular vegetable to grow; and as such it becomes imperative to evaluate the levels of farm productivity, given that agricultural productivity has a linear relationship with overall farm profitability. Therefore, this study analyzed profitability and cucumber productivity among smallholders in Jos-South, Plateau State, Nigeria. For this study, 115 respondents were selected using a multistage sampling method. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting and total factor productivity techniques. The estimated gross and net farm incomes were respectively ₦204,000 and ₦95,200 per hectare; indicating a venture that has the potential to improve economic prospects and is relatively profitable. Additionally, the benefit-cost ratio and profit margin were estimated to be 0.88 and 46.7%, respectively. In addition, the majority of cucumber farmers (51.3%), whose TFP indices were below the optimal scale, were producing sub-optimally; due to an inefficient mix of inputs and the high cost of factors of production. Further, the following were barriers to cucumber production in the area under study: inadequate capital (93.9%); inadequate input supply (78.2%); labour cost (75.7%); limited access to microcredit (70.6%); lack of improved technology (67.8%); limited extension contact (53.9%); fragmented farm holdings (50.4%); and pest and disease outbreaks (43.5%). Therefore, this study recommends improved access to agricultural credit and farm capital; improved cooperative activities, input supply and subsidies, policy modifications, development and adoption of agricultural production technology, improved extension service delivery and farmer sensitization.
DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE OF SPACING AND MULCHING MATERIALS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS L.) IN MORANG, NEPAL.
Authors: Panthi Barun , K. Shreevastav Chandan , Kattel Dipak , Dahal Januka
Published: March 2024

One of the main vegetable crops grown by farmers in Nepal in the summer is okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Its total yield growth and quality are pretentious by diverse cultivation methods. This study was directed at Jahada -4 Morang, Nepal from 23 February to 30 May 2022. Three replications of the field experiment were conducted using the random complete block design (RCBD). Three inter-row spacings (30, 40, and 60) and three different types of mulching ingredients make up the treatment (silver plastic, paddy straw and bare soil or no mulch). The objective of this study was to determine how differently inter-row spacing and mulching materials affected okra development and yield. Okra produced the most (582.10 g/plant) when mulched with silver plastic, followed by paddy straw (502.74 g/plant), bare soil, and no mulch (445.26 g/plant), in that order. The germination percentage, DAS to first flowering, plant height, branch count, pod length, pod weight, yield per plant, and yield per plot are all improved by using silver plastic mulch. The spacing provide no significant effect however yield of okra was highest (20,9625 g/plot) under 30×30 spacing followed by (15,786 g/plot) under 45×30 and (11,824.37 g/plot) under 60x30cm respectively. Silver plastic mulch combined with 30×30 the greatest okra production was achieved by spacing. This study recommends that farmers of the Morang increase yield, and cultivate okra under a layer of silver plastic mulch at a spacing of 30 * 30 cm.
A TREND ANALYSIS ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION RESILIENCE CAPABILITY: THE CASE OF MALAYSIA
Authors: Kuppusamy Mudiarasan , Chaitanya Datti Lakshmi
Published: March 2024

Digital transformation happens perpetually, albeit with macro and micro-level disruptions. Countries must possess strategic capabilities to counter disruptions caused by economic, technological, and health crises, enabling and halting digital transformation initiatives. The capability of countries to be digitally resilient is crucial in sustaining digital transformation. This research examined the digital resilience capabilities of nine selected countries with the Covid-19 pandemic as the disruption context. Using the Institute for Management Development’s (IMD) secondary data, the research conducted a trend analysis on the digital resilience capabilities of nine countries (as denoted through the Human Development Index ranking 2021) over the period 2017 to 2021. With Malaysia being the focal point of the analysis, the result showed that Malaysia’s high digital resilience capabilities had enabled sustained digital transformation. With a significant investmentin knowledge, technology, and future-readiness, Malaysia has maintained its digital transformation initiatives across the pandemic’s onslaught. A sustained level of macro and micro initiatives is necessary to keep digital transformation afloat. At a high level, this research has identified how Malaysia’s concerted policies have enabled its digital transformation.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FACE RECOGNITION: SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors: Sahal Mohsen Fadhl Mohsen , Md Yunus Nur Arzilawati
Published: March 2024

Face recognition has recently been a popular study topic as a result of the growing demand for security. Security systems, identity verification, access control, surveillance systems, and social networks are just a few of the applications that can be expanded from facial recognition. However, as passwords and fingerprint scanners are supplanted by improved computer technology and more precise algorithms, facial recognition is becoming increasingly popular. Facial recognition technology is the simplest and most coherent of all the techniques. Face recognition does not necessitate an individual’s active participation. Face recognition systems are theoretically capable of minimizing risk and eventually avoiding future attacks in places where identity identification is necessary, such as airports and border crossings. If there are criminals on the loose, the same justification can be made as with surveillance devices. Surveillance cameras with face recognition capabilities will aid in the identification of these individuals. Alternatively, these surveillance systems can be used to track down the whereabouts of missing persons, although this is contingent on the use of powerful facial recognition algorithms and a fully built facial database. Face detection, facial feature extraction (image normalization), face identification, and results are the major operations to be conducted for face recognition.
DATA ANONYMIZATION IN HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY SURVEY PAPER
Authors: Singh Monika
Published: March 2024

As generations go by, our world is moving towards a technical dimension where information is becoming the most valuable resource. As a result, security and privacy must be taken more seriously as we develop. Therefore, when considering the most important human facilities needed for us to lead happy and comfortable lives, the health sector is a necessity. The data within hospitals needs proper protection and supervision by the government because research and medical studies depend on it. The numerous sorts of approaches that are accessible, as well as their benefits and drawbacks, were covered in this review paper.
THE EVOLUTION OF SECURITY DOCUMENTATION WITH AI: A REVIEW OF GLOBAL TRENDS IN AI-POWERED LOAN AND SECURITY PROTOCOLS AND THEIR POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE U.S.
Authors: Augustine Lottu Oluwaseun , Abiola Abdul Adekunle , Olaoluwa Oladayo Gbolahan , Olanipekun Hassan Azeez , Daraojimba Chibuike
Published: March 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the financial sector has ushered in a transformative era, particularly in the domain of security documentation. This paper explored AI’s evolution in this sphere, emphasizing its global implications with a concentrated focus on the U.S. landscape. The study’s purpose was to critically map the AI-driven financial landscape, discern challenges and opportunities, and extrapolate future trajectories. Employing a systematic review methodology, we sourced and analyzed peer-reviewed articles, industry reports, and regulatory documents. Our findings revealed a paradigm shift towards AI-enhanced personalized banking experiences, risk assessments, and transaction systems. Furthermore, the convergence of AI with emerging technologies, such as blockchain, was identified as a significant trend. However, the journey is not devoid of challenges. Data privacy, system vulnerabilities, and the opaque nature of certain AI models emerged as areas of concern. The U.S., with its intricate regulatory environment, faces the dual task of fostering innovation while ensuring consumer protection. Conclusively, while AI presents unparalleled opportunities, a balanced approach, emphasizing transparency and collaboration, is imperative. We recommend prioritizing AI decision-making transparency, fostering regulatory collaboration, and championing continuous learning in the face of evolving AI technologies. This paper serves as a compass, guiding stakeholders through the promising yet intricate maze of AI in financial security documentation.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTERACTIVE VIRTUAL ASSEMBLY SYSTEM FOR SLR CAMERAS BASED ON VR
Authors: Wang Zhikun , Yang Xusheng
Published: March 2024

To promote the construction and deepening of the “New Engineering” education, innovate teaching methods and means based on students’ interests, and using VR technology, a virtual assembly system for SLR cameras was designed and implemented. Students can learn and understand the overall structure of the SLR camera in a virtual reality environment, and conduct assembly training through interactive operation of the virtual reality device. By applying virtual reality technology in SLR camera assembly training, it has played a role in cost saving, quality improvement and efficiency enhancement.
RESEARCH ON THE INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF UNIVERSITY FINANCIAL ARCHIVES MANAGEMENT IN THE NEW PERIOD
Authors: Shang Kunlun
Published: March 2024

Financial file management in colleges and universities is a very important work, and it is a significant component of the daily work of the financial department in colleges and universities. It reflects the economic situation and financial management of universities, providing a real and reliable basis for their development and construction. In the new period, the economic development is very rapid, the number and scale of schools are also increasing and expanding, and the school leaders and managers of colleges and universities increasingly focus on the problem. With the reform of China’s education system and the continuous development of education, financial management accounts for an increasing proportion, which plays a very significant role in the daily management of colleges and universities. However, from the current situation of financial archives management in Chinese universities, there are still some problems in the specific work, so strengthening the informationization construction of financial archives management in universities has become an important topic facing universities in China. This article mainly investigates the problems in the management of financial archives in colleges and universities in the new period, and proposes some specific measures, hoping to further enhance the management efficiency of financial archives in universities, and provide support for the development of schools.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVE COUNTERMEASURES OF UNIVERSITY PERSONNEL ARCHIVES INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Authors: Han Jiangang
Published: March 2024

With the progress of information science and technology, the way of archives management is also constantly iterative update, now into the information age, university personnel file management mode also gradually to the direction of information management, this for colleges and universities, it is to improve the efficiency of personnel file management work, bring efficiency of university personnel management at the same time, to call read file convenience is also improved. Today, this paper takes the information management of university personnel files as the theme, and puts forward the effective practice of the information management of personnel files in colleges and universities, hoping to be helpful to the personnel file management of universities.