bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigative Study of the Properties of Low Solid Drilling Fluid Prepared by Using Iraqi Bentonite
Authors: Assi Amel H.
Published: March 2024

This study aims to investigate the properties of drilling fluids with low solids content prepared using Iraqi bentonite. Polyacrylamide polymer, sodium polyacrylate polymer, Nano silica, and fine silica were used, as the results demonstrated the success of these materials in preparing drilling fluids with low solids content. As for micro silica, it is a material used with cement, but it was used in this study with drilling fluids because it is cheap in addition to being an environmentally friendly material. Polyacrylamide is a highly absorbent and effective material, which is usually used during well injection, but in this study it was used to improve the properties of Iraqi bentonite. 10 samples of drilling mud were prepared using the aforementioned materials in different proportions, and Iraqi bentonite was also used as a dispersant or dispersant phase. The percentage of bentonite during preparation ranged between (1.5-5) % in order to achieve sufficient gel resistance and balance the filtration speed. By drawing the relationship between shear stress and shear rate, it was found that all prepared samples follow the power law model, as this was used in hydraulic calculations in order to determine the pressure loss in the hydraulic system of the well. The results show that polyacrylamide polymer has the best effect on Iraqi bentonite among the other used materials in this study, where 1% from this material is enough to enhance properties (rheology and filtration) of Iraq bentonite. However, it has been observed from the laboratory results that when the percentage of bentonite is reduced to 1.5%, the prepared liquid will fail to suspend the barite and therefore will not achieve the required density in spite of the addition of barite. The best sample for the drilling fluid is when the percentage of the total solid is 5%, i.e. (10 gm Iraqi bentonite, 7 gm barite, 1 gm polymeric, Nano, or nanomaterials). As this drilling fluid had the best performance in terms of pressure loss, as they gave the least pressure loss.
Iraq Crude Oil Exports, (January, February, March, April, May, June)/ 2022
Authors: SOMO Oil Marketing Company,
Published: March 2024

List of TablesTable 1. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – January 2022Table 2. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – February 2022Table 3. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – March 2022Table 4. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – April 2022Table 5. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – May 2022Table 6. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – June 202
The Sweet Revolution: Sustainable Development of Honey Sector in Rajasthan, India- a Value Chain Based Approach
Authors: Dr. S. R. Singh Mohammad Faraz Naim,
Published: March 2024

The primary objective to undertake this current study is to examine the Honey sector, specifically in the Rajasthan region of India. In particular, a value chain based approach is utilized to understand the existing challenges and prospects of the sector. In addition, the study aims to provide recommendations to strengthen the production, distribution, and sustainable development of Honey sector. India, being an agro economy, agriculture and allied activities constitute a substantial chunk of India’s GDP. Rajasthan, the largest state in terms of area in India, is well-known because of its abundant biodiversity and is acknowledged as the  top crop producer, accounting for an estimated 50% of the country's supply of seed spices. Drawing from the body of existing literature, this study demonstrates how the Indian honey industry has not been able to live up to its potential and instead has fallen short of expectations. These factors include a lack of technological adoption, access to markets, and value chain development.  A lack of governmental support, a lack of systematic marketing and distribution strategies, a lack of knowledge about beekeeping, limited access to sophisticated tools and technology integration, and a lack of chemicals required for efficient beekeeping and honey processing operations are the main obstacles impeding the rapid development of the honey's consumption industry. The primary approaches envisioned for the long-term growth of the honey industry should include effective methods of delivering components, knowledge-based methods of processing honey from bees, integration of processes that add value, and creation of market connections for local farmers, beekeepers, and honey producers. As a result, honey producers make more money while supporting the industry's participants' performance, profitability, and sustainable way of life. The findings of this study provide policymakers and government agencies with ideas on how to create programs for the long-term growth of Rajasthan’s honey sector.
ANTICORROSIVE PROPERTIES OF SULFONATE ADDITIVES
Authors: ANNAYEV G. , YERMAK A. , SOVETNIKOV N. , MAMMEDOV B.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the anticorrosive properties of sulfonate additives mixed with HC4
hydrocracking base oil. The results of a study of the anticorrosive effectiveness of sulfonate additives NSSK-30, S-150,
SSK-400 are presented. The patterns of changes in the protective properties of synthetic sulfonate additives depending
on the value of their alkaline number have been revealed. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of the effectiveness
of using sulfonate additives in a mixture with HC4 base oil as inhibitory compounds to protect steel from corrosion
under the action of an electrolyte, in a climatic chamber and a salt mist chamber was carried out. It has been shown
that the effectiveness of the protective action of inhibitory compounds increases with a decrease in the alkaline number
of the sulfonate additive. The nature of the change in the surface of steel plates in the process of their corrosion
destruction, accompanied by the formation of pitting, is revealed.
PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FROM OILY WASTE
CONTAINING DIESEL FUEL AND FUEL OIL
Authors: IVANOV V. , LYALYAKIN V. , DRONCHENKO V.
Published: March 2024

The analysis of spent oil-containing products formed at enterprises associated with the repair and maintenance

of machinery and equipment was carried out, which showed the presence of a large amount of waste containing diesel

fuel and fuel oil. It is indicated that the negative effect on the surface quality of building structures and products when

used in the manufacturing process as an anti-adhesive coating, an emulsion in the preparation of which oil-containing

waste containing diesel fuel and fuel oil was used. The effect of diesel fuel and fuel oil on the stability of an emulsion

prepared using oily waste from enterprises for the repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment has been experimentally

determined. Technological solutions have been proposed to increase the surface quality of reinforced concrete

products to the required level when using an emulsion based on oily waste with the presence of diesel fuel and fuel

oil as an anti-adhesive coating.
AUTOMATED SELECTION SYSTEM FOR MEASURING GEOMETRIC VALUES FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PREPARATION OF ADDITIVE AND SUBTRACTIVE ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES DETAILS OF COMPLEX SHAPE
Authors: POPOK N. , BELYAKOV N.
Published: March 2024

Based on the analysis of the characteristics of modern measuring instruments, the functioning of automated systems

of metrological equipment and the design of technological processes, methodological, algorithmic and software

procedures for the selection of measuring instruments of geometric quantities of parts of complex shape for the technological

preparation of additive and subtractive machine-building industries are proposed, taking into account the type

of magnitude, metrological characteristics of measuring instruments, measurement conditions and application features

related to the geometry of surfaces, the technology of their form formation, accessibility and location, which allows to

reduce the complexity of design work and improve the quality of technological solutions. The system can be used in

design bureaus of machine-building enterprises; IT companies for the creation and improvement of automated systems;

educational process for the training of specialists in the production of products based on additive and subtractive technologies.
STUDY OF THE EQUILIBRIUM POSITION OF THE MECHANISMS
OF THE WORKING CHAMBER OF A CHAIN UNIT
Authors: POTAPOV V. , RUSAN S. , SIVACHENKO L.
Published: March 2024

The object of study in the article is the working chamber of the chain unit. We consider its previously proposed threerod

model in the equilibrium position under the influence of gravity, the shape of which was determined using the angular

parameters αл and αп borrowed from experience. Here, in a new study, a variant of the analytical determination of these

parameters is proposed. To achieve the goal, transcendental equations are obtained and an algorithm for the successive

approximation method is developed to solve them. An algorithm used for numerical studies of the nature of changes in angles

αл, αп depending on the ratio of gravity forces applied in kinematic pairs and the crank rotation angle. The corresponding

graphs have been built. It has been established that the inclination of the plane of movement of the working parts of the

chamber does not affect the angular parameters obtained for the equilibrium position in the vertical plane.
REDUCING THE KINEMATIC ERROR OF AN ECCENTRIC TRANSMISSION
WITH A PARALLEL LOCATION OF INPUT AND OUTPUT SHAFT
AS A RESULT OF THE APPLICATION OF A DOUBLE-FLOW LOADING SCHEME
Authors: GROMYKO P. , KHATETOVSKY S. , TRUSOV I.
Published: March 2024

The article presents kinematic diagrams and computer analysis of three types of eccentric transmission schemes.

The graphical dependences of the kinematic error of the eccentric transmission are presented for the coaxial and

parallel arrangement of the input and output shafts in two single-flow loading schemes. Computer analysis of an

eccentric transmission with single-flow loading schemes showed that the kinematic error with the coaxial arrangement

of the input and output shafts is 30 times lower than with the parallel arrangement of these shafts. In order to reduce

the kinematic error of an eccentric transmission with a parallel arrangement of input and output shafts, a two-flow

loading scheme was proposed. It has been established that the use of a double-flow loading scheme makes it possible

to reduce the kinematic error by 12 times compared to a single-flow loading scheme with a load on the output shaft

of 10 N∙m.

It is planned to use the design of an eccentric transmission with a parallel arrangement of input and output

shafts with several power flows when designing various types of gearboxes for cultivators.
INFORMATION AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
IN THE CONTEXT OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION
Authors: SHVIATSOVA A.
Published: March 2024

A brief overview of information and transport systems implemented in the post-Soviet space is given. The concept

of an information and transport system for urban passenger transportation based on unmanned electric vehicles is

proposed, which implements a new technology for organizing the transportation process based on the use of intelligent

control algorithms, transport with separable parts and high-speed transportation. The proposed methods of organizing

transportation are aimed at ensuring the highest quality and timely service for system passengers with the most efficient

use of rolling stock.
COMPUTER SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF HEAT TRANSFER PROCESSES
IN ANSYS SOFTWARE USING THE EXAMPLE OF HEAT EXCHANGER
INSTALLATION AVT-2 JSC “NAFTAN”
Authors: SAFRONOVA Е. , SPIRIDONOV A. , MOLOTOK Е. , TRUS V.
Published: March 2024

The article provides a description of modern computer-aided design systems for heat exchange equipment, which

are united by common tasks and mathematical methods; their most important differences will be adaptability to the

perception of 3D models from other programs, ease of use for the designer and the method of providing reporting data.

This article discusses a method for designing heat exchange equipment using the Ansys Workbrench program with fluid

flow modeling using the finite element method.
Nutrizione News n.4 - ottobre - novembre 2023
Authors: Conti Nibali Sergio
Published: March 2024

The section on pediatric nutrition edited by the Nutrition Group of the Associazione Culturale Pediatri continues in this issue. The group monitors 38 of the most highly qualified international scientific journals based on EBM criteria to disseminate the results of the most relevant articles on paediatric nutrition. On these pages, the main articles published in the monitored journals will be summarized. All articles and editorials published and deemed worthy of attention are listed divided by topic, with a brief commentary. This issue is based on the systematic monitoring of publications between August and September 2023. The majority of the articles selected in this issue once again focus the attention of paediatricians to the importance of nutrition in the prevention of many noncommunicable diseases urging to undertake advocacy initiatives to defend our children and their families from the risks of inadequate nutrition. We hope that the service that may be useful to the readers of Quaderni acp.
التعليم المدمج ودوره في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة في فلسطين
Authors: فطافطة * إسراء ماهر
Published: March 2024

هدفت هذه  الدراسة إلى معرفة دور التعليم المدمج في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة في  فلسطين، وذلك باعتباره من المواضيع التي تلقى اهتماما كبيراً من جميع الدول، ومعرفة مدى استفادة واضعي السياسات التعليمية من هذا النوع من التعليم لتحقيق التنمية المستدامة، واتبعت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم اختيار عينة الدراسة بالطريقة العشوائية الطبقية  حيث تكونت من (303) من معلمي ومعلمات المدارس الحكومية في مديريات جنوب نابلس في فلسطين ،وتم استخدام الاستبانة لجمع البيانات من أجل تحقيق هدف الدراسة،  وكان من أهم نتائجها أن للتعليم المدمج دورا كبيرا في تحقيق أبعاد التنمية المستدامة(التعليمي، الاقتصادي، البيئي، الاجتماعي)، كما تبين عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد العينة تعزى لمتغير المؤهل العلمي وسنوات الخبرة، ووجود فروق دالة إحصائياً تعزى لمتغير الجنس وكانت لصالح الذكور.
جودة الحياة الجامعية وعلاقتها بدافعية التعلم لدى الطلاب الصم وضعاف السمع ببرنامج السنة التأهيلية
Authors: القحطاني * د. بدر بن ناصر بن محمد
Published: March 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على جودة الحياة الجامعية وعلاقتها بدافعية التعلم لدى الطلاب الصم وضعاف السمع ببرنامج السنة التأهيلية بجامعة الملك سعود، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (61) طالباً وطالبة من الصم وضعاف السمع في برنامج السنة التأهيلية بجامعة الملك سعود منهم (26) طالبًا و (35) طالبة، واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وطبق على العينة مقياس جودة الحياة الجامعية من (إعداد الباحث)، ومقياس الدافعية للتعلم من (إعداد الباحث)، ومن اهم النتائج:  وجود علاقة ارتباطية طردية دالة إحصائياً عند مستوى (0.05) فاقل بين جودة الحياة الجامعية والدافعية للتعلم لدى الطلاب الصم وضعاف السمع. وعدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً في بعد "طرق التدريس المستخدمة" ، والعمر ،فيما كانت دالة إحصائياً  في بعد " البيئة الجامعية" لصالح الإناث. ونوع الإعاقة "صمم- ضعف سمعي" لصالح ضعاف السمع "،   وفي الدافعية للتعلم لم تكن الفروق دالة إحصائياً وفقاً لمتغير الجنس. والعمر، فيما كانت دالة وفقاً لنوع الإعاقة " ولصالح ضعاف السمع.
أثر التدريب في أداء الموارد البشرية في مديرية التربية والتعليم بمحافظة الوسطى - وزارة التربية والتعليم - سلطنة عمان
Authors: الجنيبي* منصور بن عبدالله بن سالم
Published: March 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر التدريب في أداء الموارد البشرية في مديرية التربية والتعليم بمحافظة الوسطى- وزارة التربية والتعليم - سلطنة عمان، تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة لجمع المعلومات، ووزعت على عينة مكونة من 100 موظف(ة) بالمديرية ويمثلون المجتمع الأصلي ككل، واعتمدت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ومن خلال تحليل ومعالجة البيانات إحصائياً، تم التوصل إلى أهم النتائج، منها:

أن واقع تدريب الموارد البشرية في مديرية التربية والتعليم بمحافظة الوسطى عالٍ، وأداء الموارد البشرية في مديرية التربية والتعليم بمحافظة الوسطى عالي جدا، كما أن هناك أثر دال احصائيا عند (α< 0.05) للتدريب في أداء الموارد البشرية بمديرية التربية والتعليم بمحافظة الوسطى – سلطنة عمان. كما يوجد أثر لدعم الإدارة للتدريب وتحديد الاحتياجات التدريبية وتقييم التدريب في أداء الموارد البشرية بمديرية التربية والتعليم بمحافظة الوسطى – سلطنة عمان.
Health Facilities Readiness and Determinants to Manage Cardiovascular Disease in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal: Evidence from the National Service Provision Assessment Survey
Authors: Huda Md. Durrul , Rahman Mosiur , Mostofa Md. Golam , Sarkar Prosannajid , Islam Md. Jahirul , Adam Izzeldin Fadl , Duc Nguyen Huu Chau , Al-Sobaihi Saber
Published: March 2024

Background: In South Asia, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an increasing public health concern. One strategy for dealing with the growing CVDs epidemic is to make health facilities more ready to provide CVDs services. The study’s objectives were to: (1) assess healthcare facilities’ readiness to offer CVDs services; and (2) identify the variables that influence such readiness.
Methods: This study employed data from the Afghanistan Service Provision Assessment Survey 2018–2019, Bangladesh Health Facility Survey 2017, and Nepal Health Facility Survey 2021 that were cross-sectional and nationally representative. In Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, 117, 368, and 1,381 health facilities, respectively, were examined. A total of 10 items/indicators were used to measure a health facility’s readiness to provide CVDs services across three domains.
Results: The mean readiness scores of managing CVDs were 6.7, 5.6, and 4.6 in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, respectively. Availability of trained staff for CVD services are not commonly accessible in Afghanistan (21.5%), Bangladesh (15.3%), or Nepal (12.9%), except from supplies and equipment. Afghanistan has the highest levels of medicine and other commodity availability. Among the common factors linked with readiness scores, we ought to expect a 0.02 unit rise in readiness scores for three nations for every unit increase in number of CVDs care providers. In Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, availability of both diagnosis and treatment facilities was associated with increases in readiness scores of 27%, 9%, and 17%, respectively. Additionally, an association was observed between nation-specific facility types and the readiness scores.
Conclusions: Country-specific factors as well as universal factors present in all three nations must be addressed to improve a health facility’s readiness to provide CVDs care. To create focused and efficient country-specific plans to raise the standard of CVD care in South Asia, more investigation is necessary to ascertain the reasons behind country-level variations in the availability of tracer items.
Development of Probiotic Indian Cheese using Rennet by Potential Microbes Isolated from Natural Sources
Authors: D. Dhumal Darshana , Abhang Pranay , Pathade Girish
Published: March 2024

Rennet is an exogenous enzymes used in dairy processing industries and food sectors.Rennin acts on the milk protein in two stages, through enzymatic and non-enzymatic action,resulting in the milk coagulation.Traditionally, the enzyme is extracted from whole abomasum of ruminants.Microbial rennet contains enzymes having a high ratio of milk clotting activity and proteolytic activity This review aims to explore techniques of microbial production, characterization and cost benefits over current technologies used in dairy industries. Among the dairy product, cheese is an major choice for consumption with high nutritional values and probiotic activity. Cheese is a nutrient dense dairy product providing essential biomolecules such as proteins,minerals,fats. The viability of probiotic microorganism in cheese is high as found in other dairy product and shelf life is extended as compared to with other alternatives of production.The manufactured probiotic cheese have certain benefits over traditional cheese production processes.
Assessment of habitat and hydrological parameters of the lotic and lentic wetlands of the Sonitpur district, Assam, India
Authors: Mili Sangeeta , Kumar Saikia Prasanta
Published: March 2024

This paper represents the riparian zone and water parameters in twelve selected sampling sites of both lotic and lentic wetlands of Sonitpur district. The study has been carried out from January 2021 to February 2023. Data were collected representing all the four seasons of the year. Physical Characteristics viz; soil colour, soil moisture, soil texture, vegetation coverage, canopy coverage and litter depth were assessed during the survey period. Vegetation and canopy coverage of the riparian zone adjacent to the lotic wetlands were found to be the highest. Litter depth (3.1cm) was found to be recorded at a single sampling site S4 . Water quality assessment recorded that Water temperature was found to be one of the major factors having the most intense direct and indirect effect on the riverine system ranged from 4.85±0.02 to 27.60±0.10 in the lotic wetlands and between 11.15±0.02 to 27.44±0.05 in the lentic wetlands. The overall pH value ranged from 6.09±0.05 to 7.24±0.32 in the lotic wetlands and between 6.44±0.02 to 7.52±0.08 in the lentic wetlands which is a convenient zone. DO values ranged from 6.01±0.32 to 7.37±0.22 in the lotic wetlands and between 6.39±0.30 to 7.63±0.30 in the lentic wetlands. Maximum DO value was recorded in the monsoon period. Water velocity was observed to vary from 0.20±0.03 to 1.30±0.28 in the lotic wetlands. Highest water velocity was recorded during the monsoon period and lowest in the winter period.
Genetic Variation in Mungbean Yield-Related Characteristics under High Temperatures
Authors: Chandra Khushboo , Sinha Sima , Vashishtha Harsh , Bhatta Abhisha
Published: March 2024

Genetic Variability Studies for Yield Attributes in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) were conducted on 15 Mung bean genotypes at Horticulture Research Farm, SGT, Gurugram, Haryana during kharif 2021. The study was set up in a Randomised Block Design with three replications and focused on variability of 16 morpho-physiological characters. The analysis of variance revealed extremely significant variations across accessions for all characteristics. There is potential for improvement in traits with high mean and high range, such as Days to 50% blooming, Days to initial flower opening, Days to cessation of flower, Relative water content, Biological Yield, Harvest Index, and Grain yield per plant. IPM205-7 demonstrated advantage in terms of early blooming as well as a number of yield-related features like height of the plant, number of secondary and primary branches per plant, numbe
Microbial synthesis of Bio-polymers of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from spent wash as low-cost carbon source in the medium
Authors: G.V. Patil , Pathade G.R.
Published: March 2024

The use of plastics is widespread, from the automotive to the medical industries. The plastic takes a very long time to break down and is bad for the environment. It is best to use biodegradable plastics rather than such non-biodegradable polymers. The biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) has characteristics similar to those of synthetic polymers and is vulnerable to microbial deterioration in the environment. Microorganisms like yeast and bacteria produce PHB when under stress. The primary objective of the study was to isolate bacterial strains from soil capable of generating PHB. Sudan Black B was used to detect PHB for the initial screening of the isolates. The method of digestion with sodium hypochlorite was used to extract PHB. PHBs that had been extracted were measured using UV-VIS spectroscopy and identified using FTIR and DSC.
Antibacterial Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from plants and Fungi
Authors: A. Masurkar Snehal , Mishra Naman , Patil Mahendrakumar , R. Pathade Girish
Published: March 2024

The present study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNps) having antibacterial properties. Two fungal strains, viz Aspergillus niger and A. terreus were procured from NCIM, Pune. And were used to synthesize silver nanoparticles by reduction and precipitation of AgNO3 . The aqueous plant extract of Neem (Azadiracta indica) leaves was prepared for the synthesis of AgNps. All the AgNps derived from fungi and plant sources were evaluated for antibacterial properties against known laboratory pathogens. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and SEM. Silver nanoparticles were produced significantly from A. niger at 400nm and A. Terreus at 400 nm. The aqueous extract of the neem plant showed maximum absorption at 500 nm. Also, the extract nanoparticles showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas spp, Salmonella paratyphi-A and S. aureus.
Response of Various Levels of Nitrogen and Sulphur on the Growth, Yield attributes Yield and Economics of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Kumar Sah Vikash , Rajput Pradeep , Sharma Jaidev
Published: March 2024

A field experiment on Response of various levels of Nitrogen and Sulphur on the growth, yield, and quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was conducted during kharif season 2022 at the CRC-1, School of Agriculture, ITM University Gwalior (M.P.). The experiment was laid out in a Factorial randomized block design with 9 treatment combinations, which includes three Nitrogen Levels (viz., N1 -40 kg N ha-1, N2 -80 kg N ha-1and N3 -120 kg N ha-1), three Sulphur levels (viz., S1 -30 kg S ha-1, S2 -45 kg S ha-1and S3 -60 kg S ha-1) and one control (N0 -0 kg N ha-1+ S0 -0 Kg S ha-1), and each treatment were replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field was Sandy loam in texture with a medium in available Nitrogen (178.03), low in available Phosphorous (24.45) and High in available Potassium (382.15) and low in Organic Carbon (0.41). The result of the experiment revealed that an increase in the application of Nitrogen and Sulphur had significantly increased the growth, yield and economics of viz., plant population, plant height (cm), No. of leaves per plant, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation plant-1 (g), days taken in 50 % flowering, days taken in maturity, grain yield, stalk yield, biological yield, harvesting index and economics of sunflower, the application of 120 kg N ha-1 and 60 kg S ha-1 was at par on application of 80 kg N ha-1 and 45 kg S ha-1 and application of 40 kg N ha-1 and 30 kg S ha-1 were found significant with this treatment. Quality parameters viz., oil content and oil yield were significantly higher with higher levels of nitrogen (120 kg ha-1) and Sulphur (60 kg ha-1).
Palatability Assessment of Subsurface Water in South India: An Experimental and Numerical Study
Authors: Karthick J.  , Arutchelvan V  , Aleem M.I. Abdul , Govarthanambikai K.
Published: March 2024

Monitoring the quality of groundwater is crucial and important for the environment, the human health and agriculture practices. This study focused on evaluating the physical and chemical characteristics of subsurface water of different selected places in Coimbatore. This study was also aimed for identifying the influence of sampling location to its characteristics. Twenty-five subsurface water samples were taken from distinct places and sources. The tests were conducted as per Indian standards. The findings indicate that temperature, available and residual chlorine, and pH are nearly identical for all groundwater samples; turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, sulphates and iron change significantly depending on where the source was located. To determine the appropriateness of ground water samples for drinking purposes, findings were compared with Indian (IS 10500:2012) and WHO (2006) standards. It was determined that results for all parameters are within the acceptable limit. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software to know the significance of the predicted results and it has been found that the results were statistically significant.
Comparative study on Effects of Chemical Fertiliser, Vermicompost and Farm Yard Manure on Tomato Plant Growth and Soil Fertility
Authors: A.A. Raut  , P.S. Sarolkar  , Pathade G.R.
Published: March 2024

A healthy soil environment is necessary to produce the desired crops, which means it should have all the essential nutrients. Nutrients are used in large quantities in growing plants and therefore need to be replaced regularly to maintain productivity and for this purpose fertilizers are used in the fields. Chemical fertilizers are essential to increase proper growth and yield of crops and act as catalysts in providing nutrients to plants for better growth and yield. On the other hand, fertilizers can threaten our ecosystems, soil, plants, human and animal lives. Despite past gains in crop production through chemical fertilizers, recent observations of stagnant or declining yields have raised concerns about the long-term sustainability of crop production. In the long term, they also damage the natural composition of the soil, leading to unsustainable crop production. Of course, chemical fertilizers add nutrients to the soil, but they don’t add anything else. Plants need more than just nutrients to survive. They also need organic matter and living organisms. Thus, the integrated use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources will not only supply essential nutrients to the soil, but may also have a certain synergistic interaction to increase their effectiveness and thereby reduce environmental risks. Nutrients from chemical fertilizers improve initial crop establishment, while nutrients from mineralization of organic manure support yield later. In the present experiments, pot experiment was conducted to study the comparative effect on growth of tomato plant and its soil fertility. The soil parameters and growth of plant were observed and studied. The studies show positive impacts on farm yard manure and vermicompost on the soil as well as on the growth of tomato plant as compared to the chemical fertilizer. The healthy growth of plant with more green leaves and flowering and fruits were observed with application of farm yard manure and vermicompost. It concludes application of farm yard manure and vermicompost is effective and better for the healthy growth of tomato plant and fertility of the soil.
Production of Phyto hormone from Phosphate solubilising soil isolates
Authors: Ghatage Abhay , Tandulwadkar Pallavi , Yadav Swati , Pathade G.R.
Published: March 2024

The transformation of insoluble phosphorous into soluble form is carried out by a number of microbes present in the soil. Phosphorous is essential for growth and productivity of plants in terms of cell division, photosynthesis and development of good root system and utilization of carbohydrates. Phosphorous deficiency results in the leaves turning brown accompanied by small leaves, weak stem and slow development. The large fraction of soil microbes can dissolve insoluble phosphorous in the soil and make them available to plants for its growth and development. In the present work we isolated Phosphate solubilising bacteria from rhizospheric soil from Betel Wine plant and promising strain were subjected for phytohormone (IAA) production.
Chain of Title of a Film or Other Audiovisual Work
Authors: Nachev Ivan
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the place and importance of Chain of Title of a film or other audiovisual work, which is the basis of the successful sale of film industry products. The role of Chain of Title for film producers is imputed by film distributors, sales representatives and broadcasting organizations. The importance of proper and prompt formalization of business relationship between the industry product creators – which are the intellectual property rights holders, and the film producers is fundamental to the possibility the producer to generate revenue and profit from the film that will recoup the investment made, and also to provide rights holders with additional remuneration. In the Republic of Bulgaria, for the producers of films and other audiovisual works, the issue Chain of Title is still not fully clarified and the article focuses on the process of presenting this essential information from the point of view of the current regulations in the field, the requirements of distributors, broadcasters, and to present the author’s experience in obtaining the Chain of Title process. The methodology used, allows to present accessible and practical information, both for professionals in the field of the film industry, as well as for teachers and students.
Royalties Payable for Public Performance of Musical Works in Commercial Establishments and Other Public Locations
Authors: Strijlev Hristin
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses: Basic terms in the field of copyright and related rights, author and his basic characteristics and powers and holders of related rights and their powers, as an introduction to the topic; Public performance of musical works as a legal regulation; What, where and how is performed in public; What is the royalty payable for public performance in commercial and other public venues and is such royalty always payable to copyright and related rights holders; Examined are rulings of the ECJ related to the public performance of musical works in commercial and other public locations; Relevant conclusions and recommendations on the subject are made.
State and Barriers to the Digitalization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Bulgaria
Authors: Takov Boyko
Published: March 2024

In the year 2021, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constituted 99.81% of the total number of enterprises in Bulgaria. The number of individuals employed by SMEs accounted for 74.2% of the entire workforce. These enterprises contributed 66.5% of the overall economy’s added value, and this share has consistently been on the rise. Their development significantly influences the employment rate, overall economic growth, and the prosperity of our nation. Technological advancements and recent crises in recent years have spurred accelerated digitization across all spheres of public life, including business sector. It is increasingly penetrating SMEs in Bulgaria, albeit with a certain lag compared to the EU. There is no doubt that the digitization of SMEs serves as a crucial mechanism for achieving competitiveness and economic success, not only for the enterprises themselves, but also for our country as a whole. Given this context, the objective of this publication is to briefly present the summarized results of an analysis of the level of digitization of SMEs in Bulgaria and the examination of the key factors hindering its further development, serving as barriers to its progress. These findings can be valuable for guiding the efforts of managers and government entities in fostering the advancement of digitization in SMEs.
Enterprise Security as an Element of Market Competitiveness
Authors: Tsankova Gergana
Published: March 2024

The security of the enterprise is crucial for its competitiveness in the modern business climate. It involves the protection of assets, information, personnel, and business processes, including intellectual property. Insufficient protection can lead to the leakage of corporate information and infringement of patent rights, jeopardizing the competitiveness of the company. Focusing on security and implementing appropriate measures are essential for achieving market competitiveness and sustainability for the enterprise. The study pays attention to the complexity of defining suitable security measures for the enterprise, considering the dynamics of the environment, industry characteristics, and market presence. The aim of the research is to propose a competitiveness system focused on security, aiming to improve market position and enhance the sustainability of the enterprise. Proactively addressing threats and implementing mitigation measures are crucial for preventing uncertainty, ensuring the resilience of the enterprise, and preserving and increasing its competitiveness.
Artificial Intelligence and Its Protection as an Invention
Authors: Pаcheva Vladislava
Published: March 2024

The subject of this article is artificial intelligence (AI) and its protection as industrial property, more particularly as inventions. It indicates the essence of artificial intelligence and the areas of application of the technology. The protection of the results of AI as inventions is considered, also the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence are presented. The results of the done patent research are analysed. The filed applications for inventions and patents granted in the field of artificial intelligence in a national and international aspect are identified, with conclusions and recommendations for applicant activity in the study area.
Student Satisfaction on Service Quality: A Study at Malaysian Public University
Authors: Zakaria Nur Hamizah , Sulong Muhammad Suhaimi , Abdul Hamid Norashikin
Published: March 2024

Students will engage in informal learning outside the lecture hall in addition to the formal learning. The Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Centre’s for General Studies and Co-curriculum (PPUK) is a division that provides services focused on activities outside the lecture hall. Issues, particularly student satisfaction, become a critical concern for PPUK management as a result of these actions. The crucial element is determining the level of student satisfaction with PPUK's services where students have difficulty carrying out activities outside the lecture hall due to problems with the quality of services supplied by PPUK involving Credited Co-Curricular Courses (KKB) that the university has scheduled. As a result, if the services provided are unsatisfactory, which will have an indirect negative impact on the student's satisfaction as a student. The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of satisfaction with the services provided by PPUK, UTHM based on the SERVQUAL Model's five dimensions (physical evidence, responsive, empathy, guarantee, and trustworthiness). The study is designed in the form of a survey, with data collected via a questionnaire. The researcher focused on UTHM students who registered for KKB in the second semester for this study. To answer the research questions, the data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software to measure the frequency, mean score, t-test, and correlation of each element. Overall, the results show that students are extremely satisfied with the services provided by the PPUK UTHM. Other inferential and regression analyses will be investigated further and improved to the PPUK curriculum.
Jati Diri dan Cabaran Kehidupan Masyarakat Melayu Muslim di Perth Australia
Authors: Jamaludin Mohamed Sabir , Abdul Kadir Fakhrul Adabi , Mohd Yusoff Ahmad Nasir , Mokhtar Rosli
Published: March 2024

Orang Melayu telah lama berhijrah ke seluruh dunia. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan masyarakat Melayu berhijrah ke negara yang majoriti penduduknya bukan beragama Islam. Masyarakat Melayu Islam terus mengukuhkan jati diri umat Islam di mana sahaja mereka berada. Menjadi komuniti Muslim minoriti di negara majoriti bukan Islam adalah cabaran besar yang perlu dihadapi. Terdapat pelbagai isu, antaranya yang utama ialah memperkukuh jati diri umat Islam, amalan agama, pendidikan keluarga dan salah faham tentang Islam. Objektif kajian adalah untuk membincangkan bagaimana masyarakat Melayu Islam yang berhijrah dan menetap di Perth, Australia menangani isu-isu tersebut. Metodologi kajian menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan instrumen temu bual, pemerhatian dan rujukan dokumentasi. Dapatan ini memberi penjelasan tentang pendekatan yang digunakan oleh Komuniti Melayu Islam Perth, Australia untuk mengatasi cabaran tersebut. Kesimpulan kajian ini diharap dapat memberi manfaat kepada masyarakat Melayu Islam minoriti di Perth, Australia dan negara-negara lain serta dapat membantu mengukuhkan jati diri umat Islam dan menghadapi cabaran besar kehidupan sebagai masyarakat minoriti Islam di luar negara.
Othering: When Malaysians are Mocked for ‘Speaking London’
Authors: Kapong Joyce Morris
Published: March 2024

Malaysia is a multicultural society. There are over 130 languages spoken by various ethnicities in the country. The official language is Malay, and it is emphasised as a medium of teaching and learning and a language of knowledge. English continues to be the dominant language in the country's trade and industrial sector. Both languages are taught at primary, secondary and tertiary levels to equip learners for future undertakings. To advance in proficiency, English language users are encouraged to practice the language in non-academic settings. However, studies show that using English openly poses a specific challenge to its users. Speakers report experiencing instances of 'othering' when they use English. 'Othering' happens when speakers of a different language feel ostracised by members of their ethnic group due to prejudiced mentality. It can hinder their progress in English language proficiency by building resentment and insinuating betrayal against their own cultural identity. However, language attitude is shifting. More Malaysians recognise the importance of English in academia and business. This study explores the effects of ‘othering' on language learning and cultural identity and how a change in attitude toward English may help to minimise instances of othering. This paper presents findings from data collected and analysed through a semi-systematic review of published literature. The discussion focuses on how a shift in attitude about English might serve to eliminate cases of othering against English users in Malaysian.
Ritual Pelian Budaya Masyarakat Iban di Daerah Sebauh, Bintulu Sarawak
Authors: Tugau Mangai , Magiman Mohamad Maulana , Kundat Franklin Ragai , Salleh Norhuda
Published: March 2024

Pelian merupakan upacara pemisahan roh antara orang mati dan masyarakat hidup dalam kalangan masyarakat Iban yang sangat menjunjung tinggi pengarap lama (animism). Ritual ini mempunyai beberapa objektif seperti mimpi ngeri (jai hambar), untuk menyembuhkan pesakit, pemisahan roh antara orang mati dan masyarakat yang masih hidup dan proses pentahbisan untuk dukun baru (Manang). Proses Pelian hanya boleh dilakukan oleh Manang (bomoh) dengan objektif, adat dan tradisi yang berbeza mengikut jenis Pelian yang akan dilakukan. Kepercayaan terhadap ritual Pelian bermula dari kepercayaan Iban bahawa dunia terbahagi kepada tiga bahagian iaitu dunia ini, dunia orang mati (Sebayan) dan dunia di langit. Semasa proses Pelian, Manang sedang berhadapan dengan Raja Menjaya (Raja Manang) untuk mendapatkan kuasa penyembuhan dan pemisahan roh antara orang mati dan masyarakat hidup. Daripada bilangan Pelian tersebut terdapat 56 jenis Pelian, dan yang biasa dilakukan ialah Pelian Beserara Bungai (Pemisahan Roh), Besudi (untuk memastikan kesusahan), Nimang Lupung Enggau Ubat (berkat alat perubatan Manang), Bebunuh (untuk membunuh buyu atau incubus), Bebangun enggau Betimba (mengamula atau melantik dukun baru) enggau Mulai ke Semengat (menyelamat jiwa penyabar). Fokus kajian ini adalah mengkaji proses ritual Pelian dan menganalisis simbol yang berkaitan. Mengenal pasti unsur-unsur dalam Pelian yang telah menjadi identiti Masyarakat Iban. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif (etnografi) yang merangkumi Kajian Lapangan, Pemerhatian Peserta, Temu Bual dan Kajian Perpustakaan. Kawasan kajian meliputi seluruh daerah Sebauh yang meliputi kawasan Sungai Sebauh, Sungai Pandan-Binyo, Sungai Labang dan Sungai Tubau-Jelalong. Data yang diperoleh, dianalisis berdasarkan tafsiran, deskriptif, induksi, Grounded Theory dan juga kepercayaan dan pemahaman masyarakat yang dikaji. Antara dapatan kajian ini ialah, Pelian ialah ritual penyembuhan untuk menguatkan ayu (core being) seseorang dan memisahkan roh orang mati dengan masyarakat hidup. Setiap Pelian mempunyai fungsinya sendiri dan ia berbeza antara satu sama lain. Pelantikan (inisiasi) Manang terdiri daripada dua cara iaitu pelantikan yang dibuat oleh Petara atau Tuhan melalui mimpi dan pewarisan daripada ibu bapa atau ahli keluarga yang lain. Keunikan Manang dalam proses Pelian ialah kebolehannya berkomunikasi dengan Petara atau Dewa di Sebayan (Dunia Kematian) dan di langit. Terdapat banyak jenis simbol yang digunakan dalam proses Pelian seperti piring (persembahan kepada Tuhan), pua kumbu' (selimut tenunan), pisau, anak kebuk (balang kecil), manuk (ayam), kain sarung (jalur kain yang dipakai bulat). badan), pagar api (struktur yang sangat simbolik yang membentuk pusat ritual). Keunikan proses dan simbol yang digunakan telah menjadikan Pelian menjadi identiti Masyarakat Iban.
Effects of acidic environments and sorptivity on high-performance concrete containing natural pozzolan and limestone filler
Authors: Hadji Tarek , Attia Ahmed , Douara Taha Hocine , Guettala Salim , Queneudec Michèle
Published: March 2024

Even though high-performance concrete (HPC) is a more robust type of concrete, acidic environments can still have a negative impact on it. Acids can dissolve other components in the concrete as well, leading to a loss of material and increased porosity. This makes the concrete even more susceptible to further degradation. Acidic environments attack the calcium hydroxide (CH), a key component of the cement paste that binds the aggregate in concrete. This reaction weakens the structure and reduces the overall strength of the concrete. The purpose of this study is to assess how HPC containing natural pozzolan (NP) and limestone filler (LF) responds to acidic environments and sorptivity. The cement (PC) was replaced by NP and LF in different mass proportions. The mixtures HPCC (100% PC), HPC18 (10%LF + 90%PC), HPC7 (20%NP + 80%PC), and HPC14 (5%LF + 10%NP + 85%PC) were prepared. The sorptivity was evaluated by measuring the sorptivity coefficient (S, cm*s-0.5) after 28 days of submersion in distilled water. HPC specimens were submersed in distilled water, 5% sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and 5% hydrochloric acid (HCl) for up to 180 days in order to test their acid resistance. Visual inspection and changes in mass were used to evaluate the specimens' resistance to acid attack. The results showed that replacing PC with LF and NP reduced the sorptivity of HPC. Substituting 10% of PC mass with LF increased the HPC's resistance to sulfuric acid. However, substituting the PC with NP and/or LF reduced the HPC's resistance to hydrochloric acid. According to visual inspection and mass losses, the sulfuric acid was more aggressive than hydrochloric acid.
Fantasia Sul América para violino solo de Claudio Santoro: um memorial autoetnográfico
Authors: Farias Junior José Jonas Gondim , Soares Bárbara Bianca Carvalho
Published: March 2024

O artigo apresenta um registro autoetnográfico do processo de criação da performance da obra “Fantasia Sul América para Violino Solo” de Claudio Santoro. A pesquisa se baseou em uma ampla gama de materiais, incluindo a bibliografia sobre a Fantasia Sul América, artigos sobre performances de obras para violino do mesmo período composicional de Santoro e literatura que contextualiza o ambiente sociocultural em que Santoro estava inserido durante a composição da fantasia. Foram considerados também trabalhos sobre a mesma obra para outros instrumentos. Durante o desenvolvimento da performance, as orientações interpretativas da professora Irina Glibka foram seguidas. A partir desses elementos, foi possível desenvolver uma proposta interpretativa que resultou em um registro audiovisual da obra, interpretada pelo primeiro autor. Este artigo, portanto, oferece um estudo aprofundado e uma interpretação da “Fantasia Sul América para Violino Solo” de Claudio Santoro, considerando o contexto histórico e cultural da época em que a obra foi composta, bem como as orientações interpretativas específicas para a performance da peça.