bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Metode Ali Mustafa Yaqub dalam Memahami Hadis Intoleransi antar Umat Beragama
Authors: Arifin Azis
Published: September 2020

Bangsa Indonesia merupakan bangsa yang majemuk, bangsa terdiri dari berbagai budaya, etnis, suku, bahasa, bahkan agama dan lainnya. Kemajemukan yang merupakan keniscayaan tersebut, di satu sisi merupakan khazanah kekayaan bangsa sekaligus sebagai pemersatu kekuatan bangsa, namun di sisi lain justru berpotensi terhadap kehancuran bangsa karena banyaknya kepentingan dari masing-masing kelompok berbeda. 

Sungguh disayangkan, acap kali konflik terjadi disebabkan atas dasar perbedaan, salah satunya karena perbedaan agama atau keyakinan. Alih-alih agama menjadi penguat persaudaraan dan persatuan justru sebaliknya menjadi alat untuk melegitimasi setiap tindakan kekerasan dan permusuhan. 

Pemahaman terhadap teks-teks agama (Alquran dan hadis) yang tidak komprehensif hanya akan memberikan kesan kaku dalam mengamalkannya, bahkan lebih jauhnya menghasilkan pemahaman yang tidak sesuai dengan maksud teks itu sendiri. Dalil-dalil tersebut acap kali dipahami secara literalis tekstualis tanpa memperhatikan kondisi sosial, budaya, lokal, temporal, majaz, sabab al-wurūd dan aspek lain yang berkorelasi terhadapnya.

Ketidaktepatan memahami hadis-hadis yang nampak intoleran akan mengakibatkan rusaknya substansi dan tujuan hadis itu sendiri. Alih-alih meningkatkan kerukunan antar umat beragama dalam berbangsa dan bernegara, justru malah menciptakan suasana permusuhan nan mencekam dan mengancam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara.
Sebelum Shalat Nabi Mencium Istrinya (?); Menengok Perbedaan Standar Penilaian Kualitas Hadis antara Imam Ahmad dan Imam Bukhari dalam Kritik
Authors: Ahmad Lalu Turjiman
Published: September 2020

Tulisan kecil ini berupaya mendeskripsikan kualitas hadis tentang perilaku Nabi Muhammad saw. yang mencium istrinya sebelum melakukan shalat, melalui analisa takhrīj hadis. Hadis tersebut diriwayatkan oleh Imam Ahmad, dan dianggap lemah oleh Imam Bukhari. Perbedaan pandangan antara kedua tokoh, sebagaimana yang ditunjukkan dari artikel ini, muncul dari perbedaan standar yang ditetapkan oleh masing-masing dari keduanya tentang kriteria hadis sahih.
The asparagus production chain of the Ica valley, 2019: A general analysis with small asparagus producers [La cadena productiva del espárrago del valle de Ica, 2019: un análisis general con los pequeños Productores de esparrago]
Authors: Quispe Mayuri Alejandro Alfredo , Maldonado Bendezú Leonidas Alejandro
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article was to have a vision of some aspects of the asparagus production chain in the Ica valley, and thus have a clearer appreciation of the activities carried out by logistics distribution agents, the importance of financing funds, and also demand planning. An important factor in the transformations at agricultural institutions stems from the need for their managers to analyze and identify the enormous potential of production chains and development of strategic planning to obtain sustainable development. The study was oriented in establishing the theoretical frame of reference and in this way to understand the productive articulation.It is concluded that the productive chains in asparagus constitute a strategic alternative that is oriented towards the search for different lines of action that enable organizations to obtain better commercial results, better position themselves in the markets, reach productivity levels, and thereby achieve the efficient operation of its internal processes. In addition, it is established that in the logistics distribution agent dimension, an efficient level of performance will be achieved in order fulfillment activities, material handling, the use of a variety of packaging, and the transport of products of these activities.
竖井提升机无人值守的改造
Authors: 王 纪坤
Published: September 2020

采用自动化控制、更多安全保护/传感器/闭锁装置的使用使提升机控制系统更加安全，“一键式操作、PLC模仿人的行为式”的方式，简化了过去繁琐的控制流程，使操作更加简便、人性化，全自动方式能够提高生产效率，能够实现减员增效。
人防工程质量监督管理常见问题及对策
Authors: 牛 军利
Published: September 2020

人防工程在战时具有重要的战略意义，是保护人民生命安全与救护的地下防护场所。和平年代中的人防工程也被赋予了更多的意义，不仅仅作为一种战时紧急避难的场所，在空置中也可以作为仓库等场所。随着世界经济与国家社会的发展与进步，人防工程建设也在不断增加。人防工程不仅仅是国家国防安全的重要保障之一，同时对经济财产保护也有重要意义。当战争发生时，人防工程需要能够保证人民生命财产安全，需要能够抵御爆炸与大型武器的破坏，在科技发展不断进步的当今时代，武器发展更加先进，同时也就要求人防工程建设质量能够更加优秀。因此，除了在建造中选择更加有效的施工方案外，还需要做好质量监督工作，必须要求质量监督人员对人防工程建设质量负责，紧盯人防工程建设的方方面面，一旦发生问题需要在第一时间做出反应，并给予解决办法。
超低能耗被动式建筑可再生能源应用分析
Authors: 郭 欢欢 , 王 富谦 , 李 波
Published: September 2020

随着建筑工程的发展，超低能耗被动式建筑也在逐渐完善。超低能耗绿色建筑提倡可再生能源应用，当可再生能源供能量达到或超出超低能耗绿色建筑需求时，可实现零能耗建筑或正能建筑。文章通过对超低能耗被动式建筑进行分析，并提出可再生能源在超低能耗被动式建筑中的应用方式，希望为关注超低能耗被动式建筑的人群带来帮助。
试谈城建工程施工中注浆技术及运用
Authors: 严 雨飞 , 张 治雷 , 魏 亚君 , 赵 焰焰
Published: September 2020

在“美丽中国”、“美丽乡村”等基础设施建设规划的全面推进下，我国城建工程施工比例大大提升。文章主要介绍城建工程施工中注浆技术的运用优势，并简要概述注浆技术在城建工程墙体注浆、混凝土结构注浆、地下室注浆以及厨房和卫生间注浆中的应用要点，旨在全面保证城建工程施工质量。
滨海地区软弱地质条件下水中深基坑钢板桩围堰止水研究
Authors: 戚 培海 , 匡 丕榜 , 张 勇刚 , 刘 玥岩 , 凌 峰
Published: September 2020

滨海地区海水腐蚀地质条件下由于地层支承力弱、海水腐蚀性、深水围堰受水压荷载压力大，难以保证水中深基坑钢板桩围堰在水中防渗或大变形，甚至引发工程事故。通过对该条件下钢板桩止水技术研究和实践，总结了一些在滨海地区软弱地质条件下对水中钢板桩围堰止水施工经验技巧，文章即对重点问题和处理经验进行阐述。
煤化工项目建设人员安全教育现状分析和思路探讨
Authors: 蒋 海夫 , 娄 兴敏
Published: September 2020

针对当前煤化工项目建设过程安全培训和安全教育对事故预防和控制、应急反应和救援的重要性，以某煤化工项目气化装置为实例进行典型案例分析，以科学合理的手段就如何开展项目安全教育培训进行论述，并进一步探讨发现实施过程中存在的问题和不足，研究提升项目安全培训效果的办法并提出实施方案。
试论建筑工程造价合同管理及风险控制
Authors: 石 辉
Published: September 2020

近些年来，城市化建设步伐逐渐加快，也给建筑行业发展添加了动力。在进行工程建设的过程，合同是建设单位在进行工程管理工作时不可缺少的部分。要想保证工程可以顺利开展应不断强化合同管理，同时可以对各参建方的权利、义务进行规范，最大限度的规避施工过程中不必要的纷争，同时可以保证施工效率，提高施工质量，实现建筑工程管理目标，最大限度的提升工程项目经济效益。在文中对建筑工程造价合同管理中的风险进行了分析，并提出了相应的风险控制措施，通过此来确保合同管理效率，提升建筑工程整体建设效果。
Factors Influencing on the Duration of Breastfeeding in Ramathibodi Hospital Personnel
Authors: Sangwarn Matthana , Naromrum Kanjana
Published: September 2020

Background: Breast milk is the best food for newborn and the important base in physical mental intellectual and emotional development.

Objective: To identify rate of exclusive breastfeeding at least 6 months and to influencing factors on duration of breastfeeding in Ramathibodi Hospital personnel.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Participants were 483 Ramathibodi Hospital personnels who gave birth at Ramathibodi Hospital from October 1, 2012, to September 30, 2015. Instruments were demographic data and breastfeeding history questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the correlation between the factors associated with breastfeeding used chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: Questionnaires were returned 329 (68%). Exclusive breastfeeding for first 6 months was 20%. The finding showed that age, level of education, occupation, average family income per month, duration of breastfeeding intention, breastfeeding instruction at antenatal care clinic, and personnel have breast milk before discharge were related to the duration of breastfeeding for more than or equal 6 months (P < .05). Occupation and duration of breastfeeding intention predicted the duration of breastfeeding in Ramathibodi Hospital personnel 17.2%.

Conclusions: This study showed that high age, high level of education, maternal occupation, high family income, duration of breastfeeding intention, breastfeeding instruction at antenatal care clinic, and personnel having breast milk before discharge related to the duration of breastfeeding for equal or more than 6 months. The predictable factors on the duration of breastfeeding for equal or more than 6 months were occupation and duration of breastfeeding intention.
Prevalence of Influenza Virus Type and Subtype at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand During 2013 - 2017
Authors: Narong Nattapol , Manajit Siriwat , Athipanyasil Sirikarn , Athipanyasilp Niracha , Sutthent Ruengpung , Kantakamalakul Wannee , Horthongkham Navin , Chaimayo Chutikarn , Pattama Archiraya
Published: September 2020

Background: Influenza A (pandemic and seasonal H1/H3) and influenza B viruses were the predominant circulating seasonal influenza strains. Following its massive outbreak in 2009 globally, including Thailand, influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses have replaced the previous seasonal H1 strain and become one of the circulating strains ever since. Both influenza A and B viruses are highly contagious and potentially cause respiratory illness ranging from mild to severe.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of types and subtypes of circulating influenza virus strains in Bangkok, Thailand during 2013 - 2017.

Methods: The 4385 nasopharyngeal wash specimens were collected from patients presented with influenza-like illness from January 2013 to December 2017 at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Influenza virus types and subtypes were determined using real-time RT-PCR technique. Clinical characteristics of patients infected with influenza A viruses and influenza B virus were compared and analyzed.

Results: Of 4385 nasopharyngeal wash specimens, the prevalence of influenza virus infection during 2013 - 2017 was 18.22% (n = 799). Of 799 influenza-positive samples, 608 (76.09%) and 191 (23.90%) samples were positive for influenza A and influenza B viruses, respectively. Most patients were presented with fever, cough, and runny nose; however, patients infected with influenza A virus generally had higher severity than those with influenza B virus infection (P < .05).

Conclusions: The findings provided the characteristics of influenza virus types and subtypes at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand during 2013 - 2017. Sporadic cases of influenza occurred all year round, but the incidence peaked in March 2014 and August 2017. The outcomes of this study are potentially useful for prevention, treatment, and disease monitoring.
Histology Study in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Thintharua Pakpoom , Dharmasaroja Permphan
Published: September 2020

Histology is an essential field in the education of medical students, and competent knowledge in histology is very important when studying pathology. Current teaching methods for histology in medical schools involve using a conventional light microscope (CM) with or without a virtual microscope (VM). This review aims to present advantages and disadvantages of using CM and VM in terms of teaching and learning histology in the context of undergraduate medical education. One major advantage of the traditional CM histology learning method in laboratory practice is that this allows students to practice using a light microscope; however, study flexibility is limited as the students cannot take the microscope back home for self-study after the histology class has finished. Costly repairs and maintenance must also be considered when using CM. By contrast, VM technology can provide flexibility and convenience for both students and staffs. This method allows students to both self-study and group-study almost anywhere at any time. This review emphasizes that histology learning in undergraduate medical education using VM is no longer confined to the classroom. However, the basic skill of how to operate a conventional light microscope is still important for medical students because CM is commonly used in the hospital laboratories and some hospitals may not be equipped with VM technology.
ILLEGAL MIGRATION AND THE ROLE OF THE SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES
Authors: BROŽIČ LILIANA
Published: September 2020

Povzetek
Slovenska vojska pomaga Policiji pri varovanju zunanje schengenske meje od evropske migrantske krize leta 2015. Čeprav krize ni več, število ilegalnih migracij leta 2020 ne pojenja. Slovenska vojska še intenzivneje podpira Policijo pri preprečevanju ilegalnih prehodov meje tudi na notranji evropski meji z Italijo. Vojska pomaga pri preprečevanju ilegalnih migracij tudi v drugih državah članicah EU. V prispevku poskušamo ugotoviti, katero vlogo imajo oborožene sile pri preprečevanju ilegalnih migracij, ali je njihova uporaba na mejah pri preprečevanju ilegalnih migracij pravi odgovor na nacionalni in evropski ravni ter kako to vpliva na opravljanje njenih temeljnih nalog.
Ključne besede
EU, ilegalne migracije, oborožene sile, Slovenska vojska, Policija.

Abstract
The Slovenian Armed Forces have been assisting the police in protecting the Schengen external border since the European migrant crisis of 2015. Despite the fact that the crisis is over, the number of illegal migrations in 2020 is not decreasing, and the Slovenian Armed Forces is supporting the police even more intensively at the internal European border with Italy. The military also helps to prevent illegal migration flow in other EU Member States. In this paper, we try to analyze the role of the armed forces in the prevention of illegal migration, and determine whether their use at the borders in the prevention of illegal migration is the right answer both at the national and the European levels, and what effects it has on the SAF's ability to do its primary job.

Key words
EU, illegal migration, military, Slovenian Armed Forces, Police.
READINESS OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES FOR THE RETURN OF FOREIGN FIGHTERS OF THE ISLAMIC STATE
Authors: ČALETA DENIS , PERKOVIĆ SARA
Published: September 2020

Povzetek
V analizi smo želeli prikazati, ali so tuji borci resnično nevarni za evropsko varnost, saj vemo, da je morebitna grožnja vedno mogoča. Do zdaj je bilo zelo težko oceniti grožnjo vrnitve tujih borcev. V raziskavo smo vključili dve državi, v katerih so napade izvedli tuji borci, ki so se vrnili v državo. Vključeni državi sta bili Belgija in Francija. V raziskavi smo primerjali politiko posameznih držav s skupno zunanjo in varnostno politiko EU. Ugotavljali smo, kako se te države spoprijemajo z vrnitvijo tujih borcev in kateri ukrepi so bili glede tega sprejeti. Poleg tega smo poskušali oceniti, ali so bolj osredotočeni na pregon tujih borcev, ki se vračajo, ali je njihov poudarek na programih deradikalizacije in reintegracije.

Ključne besede
Tuji borci, terorizem, Islamska država, EU, zakonodaja.

Abstract
This analysis will consider whether foreign fighters pose a real danger to European security, knowing that the potential threat is always possible. Up to now, assessing the threat of returning foreign fighters has been very difficult. In this article we have attempted to analyze the attacks that have been carried out by returning foreign fighters in Belgium and France. Our research compared the politics of individual countries with the common foreign and security policy of the EU. We have investigated how these countries are dealing with the return of foreign fighters and what measures have been taken in this regard. In addition, we have tried to evaluate whether they are more focused on the prosecution of returning foreign fighters or whether their focus is connected with deradicalization and reintegration programmes.

Key words
Foreign fighters, terrorism, Islamic state, EU, legislation.
ASYMMETRIC WARFARE THREATS IN GREECE: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: NOMIKOS JOHN M.
Published: September 2020

Povzetek
Eden največjih izzivov današnjega časa je naraščanje asimetričnih groženj. Nato in EU sta tarča politično motiviranih nedržavnih in razvitejših državnih akterjev ter združenj, ki se ukvarjajo s kibernetskim kriminalom. Sovražna kibernetska kazniva dejanja spodkopavajo vse družbene ravni v državah Nata in EU ter ogrožajo politično, gospodarsko, civilno in vojaško varnost. S podobnimi grožnjami se spoprijema tudi Grčija. V članku so preučeni grška strategija kibernetske varnosti ter vzroki in posledice organiziranih terorističnih združb za nezakonite migracije v Grčiji. Prav tako je izpostavljen pomen izmenjave obveščevalnih podatkov med grško varnostno in obveščevalno skupnostjo.

Ključne besede
Grčija, asimetrično bojevanje, kibernetska varnost, trgovina z ljudmi, migracije.

Abstract
One of the biggest challenges of our time is the rise of asymmetric warfare threats. NATO and the EU are targeted by cybercrime syndicates, politically motivated non-state actors, and sophisticated state actors. Hostile cybercrime undermines all levels of society in NATO and the EU states, threatening political, economic, civil, and military security. Greece faces similar threats. This article focuses on the Greek cybersecurity strategy and analyses the causes and consequences of the terrorism-organized, illegal immigration nexus in Greece, and how essential it is to highlight the importance of collective intelligence sharing among the Greek security and intelligence community.
Key words
Greece, asymmetric warfare, cyber-security, human trafficking, migration
A legislação pandêmica e o perigoso regime de exceção aos direitos fundamentais trabalhistas
Authors: Neves Delgado Gabriela , Santos Amorim Helder
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem por objeto analisar a legislação trabalhista de emergência editada para enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19, consistente nas Medidas Provisórias n. 927 e 936/2020, e suas medidas flexibilizatórias de direitos fundamentais dos trabalhadores, em especial a autorização para celebração de acordos individuais de suspensão contratual e de redução proporcional de jornada e salário, ao largo da negociação coletiva exigida pelo art. 7º, VI, da Constituição. Analisa-se a interpretação judicial promovida pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, em torno da matéria, no julgado cautelar da ADI 6363/DF, que referendou a medida excetiva de direito fundamental, no contexto do amplo movimento jurisprudencial de flexibilização de direitos sociais trabalhistas, levado a cabo pelo Tribunal na última década. O artigo finaliza seu objetivo com uma reflexão sobre os fundamentos da decisão cautelar do STF, apontando neles argumentos que carregam perigoso risco de “contágio argumentativo” flexibilizatório de direitos fundamentais em qualquer cenário de crise econômica, para além do episódio pandêmico, como um alerta de preservação do marco civilizatório e democrático do trabalho firmado pela Constituição de 1988.
Limnological survey of dhaka-narayanganj-demra (dnd) dam area wetlands
Authors: Habib AHM Shafiullah , Sarker Mahiuddin , Uddin Md Gias , Akter Shimu , Naser M Niamul
Published: September 2020

Present investigation was conducted to assess the physicochemical characteristics of water and its suitability for fish production at Dhaka-Narayanganj-Demra (DND) dam wetlands. Data were collected at eight points of the study area between March 2014and February 2015on temperature, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and free carbon dioxide (CO2) in the water. The average maximum water temperature, transparency, pH, DO, free CO2, hardness were recorded as34.6±0.4°C, 40.3±0.8cm, 7.9±0.06, 7.6±0.4 mgL-1,85.6±6.6 mgL-1 and 491.2±76mgL-1while minimum average were found as26.3±1.0°C,7.1±0.2 cm, 7.4±0.05, 5.9±0.3 mgL-1, 11.9±0.8 mgL-1 and 87.6±11.3 mgL-1respectively.All the water parameters were found in favourable condition for optimum freshwater fish production with some modification. This study can be the baseline data toward fresh fish supply and production prospect in the Dhaka city at wetland of the DND canal area.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 93-103, 2020
Communicable Diseases Among the Female Inhabitants of Lower Socio-Economic Groups in Dhaka City
Authors: Karim Mst Tahmina , Khanum Hamida , Musa Sharmin
Published: September 2020

A total of 900 female inhabitants of lower socioeconomic in Dhaka city, were examined during September, 2013 to August, 2015. Among them, the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infestation was 66.22%. The prevalence of Urinary tract infection (UTI) was 31.44%. Among the female inhabitants, 41.33% were infected with different types of skin diseases; within these, viral, (19.35%) scabies and 38.09% were affected by boil disease. The prevalence of vector-borne diseases was infected and arthropod infections (9.41%) were found. Among them, the highest 54.28% were infected by scabies and 38.09% were affected by boil diseases. The prevalence of vector-borne diseases was 49.33%, among them four types of diseases were recorded of which 2% malaria, 7.33% filaria, 34.67% dengue and 5.33%. leishmaniasis. Four types of waterborne diseases were found such as cholera/ diarrhoea (28%), typhoid (17.11%), polio (5.11%) and hepatitis A/ Jaundice (9.67%); and overall prevalence was 59.87%. Regarding the airborne diseases, 58.44% were found to be infected, among them four types recorded, such as influenza (25.11%), mumps (10.22%), pneumonia (17.44%) and tuberculosis (5.67%).

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 105-117, 2020
Gastrointestinal Parasites of Captive Asiatic Black Bear in Three Zoological Parks of Bangladesh
Authors: Liza Fahmida Tasnim , Mukutmoni Mandira , Begum Aleya
Published: September 2020

Forty-two freshly defecated fecal samples from captive Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) were collected between May 2017 and April 2018 from Bangladesh National Zoo, Dhaka, Shaheed A.H.M. Central Park and Zoo, Rajshahi and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Gazipur. The collected samples were processed by Formol-ether concentration technique. Altogether nine different gastrointestinal (GI) parasites were observed and identified, which include one protozoan, Coccidia spp. (42.86%); four cestodes, Hymenolepis spp. (42.86%), Diphyllobothrium spp. (28.57%), Spirometra spp. (14.29%) and Taenia spp. (21.43%); and four nematodes Ascaris spp. (57.14%), Toxocara spp. (21.43%), Trichuris spp. (21.43%) and hookworms (35.71%). No trematode parasite was found during the study period. Dominance of helminth parasites (71.43%) over protozoan parasites was observed. The male bears were found more susceptible to parasitic infection than the females. The intensity of infection was found erratic in young and adult bears. The species diversity, animals feeding behavior and hygiene maintenance may be responsible for the high prevalence rate of gastrointestinal parasites in the present study.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 119-125, 2020
Effects of Salinity on the Growth, Survival and Proximate Composition of Pangas, Pangasius Hypophthalmus
Authors: Mandal Shankar Chandra , Kadir Shahin , Hossain Anwar
Published: September 2020

Climate change induced salinity intrusion has a global and local effect on the aquaculture production. Thai-Pangas (Pangasius hypophthalmus) has become one of the cheapest protein sources in Bangladesh because of its wide range of environment tolerance, excellent growth and survival rate. Present study was thus conducted to measure the effects of salinity on the growth performance and survival of pangas. For the determination of the effect of salinity on growth and survival, 15-day old fingerlings were reared in 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 20‰ for 60 day at laboratory condition. All fish fingerlings in treatment with 20‰ salinity died within 6 hours of stocking while 62.5% mortality was found within 6 hours at 14‰ salinity. No mortality was detected in other treatment groups. Significantly higher specific growth rate was detected at 0, 2 and 4‰ salinity than that of 12 and 14‰ salinity. No significant change in food conversation ratio was found among treatments. No significant difference was observed on proximate composition between and within treatments. Water quality parameters include temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were 27.23 ± 0.02 °C, 8.33 ± 0.05 mg/L and 8.05 ± 0.03, respectively throughout the experimental period. Thus, the present study suggests the suitability of pangas fingerlings at up to 4‰ saline water with desirable growth rate.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 141-149, 2020
Vesicouterine fistula – a rare delayed complication of cesarean section
Authors: Akter Sumaya , Begum Kohinoor , Saha Joysree
Published: September 2020

A vesicouterine fistula is an abnormal pathway between the urinary bladder and the uterus. It is a rare urogynaecological fistula. In vesicouterine fistula, clinical presentations are cyclic haematuria (menouria), amenorrhoea, urinary continence which mimics Youssef’s syndrome. This case presents, a 37 year old multiparous woman with vesicouterine fistula which she developed 8 years after cesarean section. Diagnosis was confirmed by cystoscopy and fistula was repaired through trans abdominal surgery. She regained normal vaginal menses 4 months after surgery.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(4): 209-212
Efficacy & Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies
Authors: Akhter Mohsena , Bhuiyan Ishrat , Hossain Md Shahadat , Khan Zulfiqer Hossain , Akhter Mahfuza , Mumtaz Fahima
Published: September 2020

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies.

Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. Group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the Group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patient were followed up on day 7, 14 and assessed for the efficacy and safety.

Result: The mean scoring with SD in Group A and Group B were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7th days. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Topical application of Permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies.

J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2019, Vol.11(2); 91-95
Early Outcomes of “Extended View Total Extraperitonial (eTEP)” Procedure for Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Reza Syed Masud , Hoque Md Mozammel , Akther SM Quamrul , Rahman Md Mamunur , Ahmed Farhad Uddin , Mamun Md Abdullah Al , Akhanda Muhammad Tanvir Alam , Khan Md Shamsuddoha
Published: September 2020

Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has become popular as an alternative to open surgery. The classical TEP technique is the laparoscopic technique of hernia repair which is considered closest to ideal for inguinal hernia repair, but this technique has several drawbacks such as limited space for dissection and mesh placement, restricted port placement, a low tolerance of accidental pneumoperitoneum, and difficulty in teaching and learning the technique. Extendedview modification, the eTEP technique, which overcomes several of these drawbacks. The eTEP approach can quickly and easily create an extraperitoneal space, enlarge the surgical field, provide a flexible port setup adaptable to many situations, allow unencumbered parietalization of the cord structures , ease the management of the distal sac in cases of large inguinoscrotal hernias, and improve tolerance of pneumoperitoneum, which is a common complication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of eTEP procedure with placement of polypropylene mesh and fixation by tackers.

Method : It was a observational study of 25 cases. The study was conducted in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from July 2018 to June 2019. Sociodemographic status, operation time, peroperative blood loss, unwanted events like peritoneal tear, vessel injury, nerve injury, duration of hospital stay, postoperative pain and urinary retention were recorded. All the patients were followed up for at least 3 times at the end of 1st week, 1st month and 3rd month. Any surgical site infection, mesh infection, seroma, scrotal swelling, severity of pain according to visual analogue scale, haematoma and recurrence within this time was recorded. All the data were analyzed on SPSS.

Result : Among the 25 patients average time of operation was 1 hour and 35 minutes, peroperative blood loss was below 20 ml in all patients, peritoneal tear occurred in 2 patients, 1 vessel injury but no nerve injury was observed during the procedure. One patient had mild chronic pain even after the end of 3rd month. One patient developed scrotal swelling which subsided by the end of 1st week. No SSI, mesh infection, seroma, wound hematoma, and recurrence found within this period.

Conclusion : This study showed that, eTEP procedure is cost effective, has minimum complication with easier learning. In the hands of an experienced surgeon, eTEP repair can be safe and effective. New study can be done to find out it’s effectiveness in incisional hernia in lower abdomen and bilateral inguinal hernia.

J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2019, Vol.11(2); 96-100
The Prevalence and Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Gall Stone Disease: Study in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Nadim , Alam ABM Muksudul , Alam Shoaeb Imtiaz , Ahmad Sami , Khan Rafiqul Karim , Rahman Md Asjadur , Hassan Md Rashedul , Islam Mansurul
Published: September 2020

Background: Gall stones are the most common biliary pathology. Subclinical hypothyroidism is not an uncommon problem in the population with thyroid disease, several explanations for a possible relation between hypothyroidism and lipid metabolism with gall stone formation proved that prevalence of gall stones is increased in patients with hypothyroidism.

Objective: To find the prevalence and correlation between the subclinical hypothyroidism and gall stone disease.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study was done in the Unit-II of department of Surgery of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical Hospital between July 2018 to June 2019, where 80 patients presented with gall stones. All the patients were assessed and prepared for cholecystectomy by detailed history, clinical examination, thyroid function test, abdominal ultrasound and others investigation needed for general anaesthesia.

Results: Among 80 patients, 78.57% were in 40–59 year age group, 56 (70%) of them were female and 24 (30%) were male. Of the total number of patients, 14 of them (17.5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 66 (82.5%) were euthyroid. Most of patients in the subclinical hypothyroid group were showing female gender predominance with 78.57%. While the prevalence among males were found 21.43%. Dyslipidemia was present among 81.25% patients (p=0.03) having subclinical hypothyroidism and gall stones. Besides single stone was common (57.14%) among this hypothyroid group and all stones of this group were >1 cm.

Conclusion: There is a gender speciûc relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and gall stone disease. As this study sharing statistically significant in the prevalence of the subclinical hypothyroidism among females in age groupe³40 years, dyslipidemia and single gall stone. This subset of patients should be assessed for thyroid dysfunction.

J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2019, Vol.11(2); 130-133
GIST as a Lead Point in Adult Intussusception: Study in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Akther SM Quamrul , Reza Syed Masud , Hoque Md Mozammel , Mamun Mohammad Abdullah Al , Ahmed Farhad Uddin , Khan Rafiul Karim , Ahmed Nadim , Marium Syeda Nishat
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Intussusception is very common in childhood between the ages of 5 months to 1 year. In adults it is a rarity, in whom it commonly presents with a nonspecific, repeated, chronic or subacute intestinal obstruction. Ninety percent of them have a variable number of secondary pathological ‘lead point’- from benign lesion to malignant.5

Objective: This study aims to find out the variations & the commonest ‘Lead points’ in rare adult intussusceptions.

Methodology: Study period was from January 2015 to June 2019. All patients of adult intussusceptions, admitted in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical college Hospital, were examined, investigated, & analysed peri-operative findings with post-operative histopathological results, in this prospective observational study.

Result: In this study, among 15 patients, GIST found to be the commonest (46%) Lead point in adult intussusceptions. Others include Adenocarcinoma, Leiomyomatous polyp, Meckel’s Diverticulum, intestinal TB, etc. Male was mostly sufferer (67%). Ileoileal (II) variety was found more in male & Ileocecal (IC) variety in female.

J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2019, Vol.11(2); 138-141
A Residential Satisfaction Assessment of Public Rental Board Housing in the Greater Suva Urban Area, Fiji Islands
Authors: Batikawai Eroni , Nawaqalevu Asenaca
Published: September 2020

Residential satisfaction is an important measure of overall quality of life and determines how individuals respond to their housing environment. The study examines the level of tenants’ satisfaction with Public Rental Board (PRB) flats in the Greater Suva Urban Area (GSUA), Fiji. The objective of the study is to investigate the factors affecting the residential satisfaction of tenants of PRB rental flats using a survey instrument measuring tenants’ perceptive responses to the various facets of their housing environment. The study finds that PRB tenants have relatively higher satisfaction level for the building quality features and neighbourhood factors, whilst lower satisfaction level is recorded for the building physical design and housing management services. Physical building design features such as the size of bedrooms, dining areas, together with housing management features such as handling of tenant’s complaints, and treatment of tenants, have been rated by tenants to be below satisfactory levels. The factorial ANOVA on the survey data indicates that there are no statistically significant differences in residential satisfaction levels attributed to independent variables such as age, education level, and family type. However, residential satisfaction levels were statistically different among the six PRB estates examined in the study.
Perlakuan Akuntansi Aset Biologis Tanaman Tebu Pada PTPN XI PG. Poerwodadie Magetan
Authors: Nugroho Sasmito Widi , Lapenia Merlin Nilam , Anggraeny Shinta Noor
Published: September 2020

Abstractâ€” This research aims to determine the accounting treatment of biological assets in terms of recognition, measurement and presentation in financial statements and also aims to determine the comparison of the accounting treatment of biological assets of companies based on Financial Accounting Standards namely PSAK 69 Agriculture. This study uses qualitative research methods with a case study approach conducted at PTPN XI PG. Poerwodadie. Data collected by interview, documentation and literature study. PSAK 69 regulates the accounting treatment for the agricultural sector which includes the recognition, measurement and disclosure of agricultural activities. The results showed that PTPN XI PG. Poerwodadie which is engaged in plantations recognizes biological assets in the form of estate crops classified into immature and mature plants. Biological assets are measured at cost and are presented on the balance sheet in the heading of Non-current Assets. PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XI PG. Poerwodadie still has not applied PSAK 69 Agriculture, it can be seen in the company's financial statements that measure its biological assets at fair value rather than acquisition costs.Â Keywordsâ€”: Biological Asset Accounting; Financial Statements; PSAK 69.
Melihat Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Mahasiswa Dalam Berinvestasi Di Pasar Modal Untuk Pengembangan Galeri Investasi (Studi di Universitas Merdeka Madiun)
Authors: Utami Saraswati Budi , Bakri Katti Siti Wardani , Prasetyo Yogik Eko
Published: September 2020

Abstractâ€” This study aims to determine the considerations taken by students of the Faculty of Economics, University of Merdeka Madiun to invest in the capital market through the Investment Gallery of Merdeka Madiun University. Some of the factors chosen to see the consideration in investing are (1) Minimum Capital variable, (2) Return variable, and (3) Capital Market Education variable. Students as investors still have limitations, so the factors that are considered in making investment decisions or investment interests are not too many. This research is an associative study because it is to determine the relationship between Minimum Capital for Investment, Return and Capital Market Education on Student Interest. The research analysis technique uses multiple linear analysis. Respondents in this study were still limited to the Faculty of Economics because in the Investment Gallery of Merdeka Madiun University most of the investors were from the Faculty of Economics. Meanwhile, from other faculties, knowledge of investment options is still common. This study used a sample of 106 students who met the criteria set, from a population of 417 students who had open accounts at the Investment Gallery of the Merdeka University of Madiun. The results showed that: (1) the Minimum Investment Capital variable partially had no significant effect on the Investment Interest variable, (2) the Return variable partially had a significant effect on the Investment Interest variable, (3) the Capital Market Education variable partially had a significant effect on the Interest variable. Investment, and (4) the Minimum Investment Capital, Return, and Capital Market Education variables simultaneously (simultaneously) have an effect on the Investment Interest variable. Of the three variables the dominant influence on student interest is Return. From the results of this research, it can be used as a basis for managers of the Investment Gallery at Merdeka Madiun University to develop a development strategy. Investors from students within the University of Merdeka Madiun itself can be increased through capital market education activities carried out on campus personally or by opening classes. In order to attract potential investors outside the campus, more intense education is also needed, through communities because investment in the capital market is still something new in Indonesian society.Â Keywordsâ€”: Investment Interests; Capital Market; Minimum Investment Capital; Return; Capital Market Education.
Uhka opistojen itsemääräämisoikeudelle vai mahdollisuus toiminnan kehittämiseen?
Authors: Sihvonen Juha
Published: September 2020

Artikkelissa käydään aluksi läpi kansalaisopistojen toiminnan arviointia opistoliikkeen pitkän historian näkökulmasta. Kirjoittaja jakaa kansalaisopistojen tässä suhteessa kolmeen ajanjaksoon, (1) myötäilevän sivistyspolitiikan kauteen, (2) suunnittelukeskeisen aikuiskoulutuspolitiikan kauteen ja (3) markkinaperusteisen aikuiskoulutuksen menossa olevaan vaiheeseen. Arviointi ja itsearviointi nykyisessä merkityksessä ovat käynnistyneet 1990-luvulla, vielä kokeiluluonteisesti ja vakiintumistaan hakien. Artikkelissa kuvataan Laatua opistotoimintaan -arviointiprojektia sekä siitä saatuja kokemuksia Valkeakosken Opistossa.
Kansalaisopistoissa on haettu itsearviointiin soveltuvia arviointimalleja. Tällainen on myös tänä keväänä päättynyt, seitsemän opiston yhteinen Laatua opistotoimintaan -projekti. Millaisen tulisi olla arviointimalli, joka tuottaa oleellista tietoa opiston kehittämiseksi? Mitä kokemuksia on saatu ja käytäntöjä luotu kirjoittajan omassa opistossa Valkeakoskella?
Väitöskirja keskushallinnon evaluaatiofilosofiasta
Authors: Lampinen Osmo
Published: September 2020

Opetustoimen keskushallinnon evaluaatioajattelun kehitys Suomessa 1970-luvulta 1990-luvulle / Reijo Laukkanen. Väitöskirja. Jyväskylä : Koulutuksen tutkimuslaitos, 1998.
Rajaviiva katoaa
Authors: Lambert Pirjo
Published: September 2020

Väitöskirjatutkimuksessani olen lähestynyt ammatillisten oppilaitosten opettajien työtä opettajankoulutuksen kautta. Rinnakkaisina prosesseina kulkevat näin ollen opettajankoulutuksen sekä opettajan työn kehittäminen. Kysymyksessä on omaa työtäni koskevasta tutkimus- ja kehittämisprojektista, jossa olen nostanut opettajan työn lähikuvaan opettajankoulutustyötä tekemällä, sitä rinnan tutkimalla ja kehittämällä. – Lectio praecursoria. Pirjo Lambert väitteli Helsingin yliopiston kasvatustieteellisessä tiedekunnassa 18.6.1999 tutkimuksellaan Rajaviiva katoaa. Innovatiivista oppimista ammatillisen opettajankoulutuksen, oppilaitosten ja työelämän organisaatioiden yhteistyönä. Vastaväittäjänä oli professori Pentti Hakkarainen Oulun yliopistosta.
Humanismista bioparadigmaan
Authors: Ylä-Kotola Mauri , Suoranta Juha
Published: September 2020

Artikkelissa väitetään, että seuraavan vuosituhannen ajattelun keskeinen tehtävä on humanistinen, ihmiskeskeinen maailmankuva. Kasvatustieteellisesti kysymys on pitkälti siitä, miten tuo ylittäminen tapahtuu. Valistus on saavuttanut vaiheen, jossa ihmisen suhdetta luontoon ja kulttuuriin (luontoa ja kulttuuria luovana olentona) on tarkasteltava uudelleen. Transformaatiota ihmisen historiallisessa tarinassa kutsumme siirtymäksi ihmisen ja inhimillisyyden humanistisesta määrittelystä kohti bioparadigmaa. Bioparadigma viittaa tilanteeseen, jossa koko elämä saatetaan muuntelun, suunnittelun ja laskelmoinnin piiriin. Kysymys on siitä, että biologiset ja teknologiset kysymykset palautuvat aina osaksi ihmisten elämismaailmaa tai sosiaalista semioosista. Elämismaailman kysymykset puolestaan ovat aina kasvatuksellisia. Bioparadigma kyseenalaistaa formaalin koulutuksen: miksi istuttaa ihmisiä koulunpenkillä, jos käytössä ovat digitaaliskeholliset opetuskoneet ja kenties mahdollisuudet farmakologiseen oppimisen suuntaamiseen? Bioparadigmassa ihminen tekee maailmasta kasvatuslaboratorion ja elämästään tässä laboratoriossa tehtävän kokeen.
Vapaa sivistystyö ratsastaa jälleen
Authors: Rantanen Pertti
Published: September 2020

Vapaa sivistystyö 2000-luvun kynnyksellä / Seppo Niemelä. (Tilaa sivistykselle ; nro 1) Helsinki : Kansanvalistusseura, 1999.
Kenestä ”sivistyspresidentti”?
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: September 2020

Yksi presidenttiehdokkaistamme ilmoitti ehdokkaaksi asettuessaan haluavansa olla ”sivistyspresidentti”. Kysyimme sen johdosta vuoden 2000 eri presidenttiehdokkailta, millä tavalla he näkevät oman roolinsa sivistyspresidenttinä. Kullekin tehtiin kolme kysymystä ja annettiin vastaamiseen 150 sanan maksimipituus.
Koulutus valtautumisen mahdollistajana?
Authors: Keskitalo-Foley Seija
Published: September 2020

Artikkeli perustuu kirjoittajan tekemään tutkimukseen, missä hän kokosi elämänkertahaastatteluin koulutuskertomuksia sekä lapsuuden- ja nuoruudenaikaisista koulunkäynnistä että aikuisopiskelusta. Tutkimukseen osallistui kymmenen maaseudun pienissä kylissä elävää, 1950-luvulla ja 1960-luvun alussa syntynyttä lappilaista naista. Tutkimuksessaan kirjoittaja jäljitti valtautumisen ideaa ja prosessia, missä hän ymmärtää valtautumisella emansipoitumista sekä yksilöllisesti että yhteisöllisesti. Kirjoittaja jäsentää naisten aikuiskoulutuskokemukset kolmeen valtautumisen mahdollistamaan piirteeseen: 1. myönteiseen vuorovaikutukseen opiskelija-opettaja suhteessa, 2. kokemuksien jakamiseen ja opiskelijaryhmän tukeen sekä 3. uuden suhteen luomiseen omaan itseen ja oppimiseen.
Koulutussukupolvet ja vapaan sivistystyön tulevaisuus
Authors: Antikainen Ari , Kauppila Juha
Published: September 2020

Olemme tarkastelleet koulutussukupolvia koulutuksen ja oppimisen merkityksiä ihmisten elämässä tutkivassa hankkeessamme (Antikainen & Huotelin 1996). Tuloksena oli neljän koulutuskohortin eli neljän koulutus- ja elämänkulkujen puitteiltaan eroavan ikäryhmän erottaminen. Koulutuskohorttien ydinkokemuksia tarkastellessamme saatoimme kuitenkin erottaa vain kolme kokemuksellista sukupolvea. Esittelemme nämä nyky-Suomessa elävät sukupolvet artikkelin alkuosassa. Tarkasteltaessa muutosta ja koulutussukupolvien dynamiikkaa saatamme todeta, että koulutusta koskevat ydinkokemukset voidaan palauttaa kahteen suureen kertomukseen: kansallisen kulttuurin kertomukseen ja taloudellisen rakennemuutoksen kertomukseen. Näin päädymme etsimään sivistystyön uusia mahdollisuuksia ensinnäkin aikuiskoulutukseen ja vapaaseen sivistystyöhön osallistuvien rakennepiirteiden valossa, toiseksi elämäkertatutkimuksemme pohjalta sekä lopuksi informaalin oppimisen eli arkipäivän oppimisen käsitteen ja sitä koskevan laajan kanadalaisen tutkimuksen (Livingstone 1999) tulosten siivittämänä. Vastaus sivistyksen kertomuksen postmoderniin katkeamiseen voi olla sivistys.
Johtamisen ja työskentelyn uutta ajattelutapaa etsimässä
Authors: Juuti Pauli
Published: September 2020

Hengittävä työyhteisö : johtamista muutosvirrassa / Marja Mäkipeska ja Terttu Niemelä. Helsinki : Edita, 1999.
Tutkimusretki taidon olemukseen ja osaajaksi kasvamiseen
Authors: Kojonkoski-Rännäli Seija
Published: September 2020

Meidän kulttuurissamme taidoista tärkeimpinä on perinteisesti pidetty henkisiä taitoja, kuten ajattelemisen taitoa ja ongelmanratkaisutaitoa. Sen sijaan ihmisen kehollisuuteen ja liikkuvuuteen perustuvat taidot ovat olleet vähemmän arvostettuja. Tämä Aristotelesta alkanut perinne on elänyt voimakkaana koulutuksen piirissä siitä huolimatta, että on esiintynyt myös toisenlaisia näkemyksiä. Muun muassa Dewey’n filosofiassa teoreettisen ajattelun ja käytännöllisen toiminnan, abstraktin ja konkreettisen, yhteys nähdään välttämättömänä sekä tiedon rakentamisessa että tietäjän (ihmisen) ymmärryksen kehittymisessä. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan ihmisen kehollisuuteen perustuvien taitojen olemusta mm. Martin Heideggerin filosofian valossa oppaana oman aikamme tutkija Timo Klemola ja hänen tutkimuksensa hengen ja liikunnan yhteydestä. Toisena artikkelin näkökulmana on taidon yksilöllisyys: taito on aina luonteeltaan taitajan omaa. Näkökulmaa lähestytään Thomas Hobbesin teorian pohjalta. Lopuksi kirjoittaja paneutuu ymmärretyn taidon oppimiseen Herbartin sivistyksellisyys-käsitteen valossa ja Pauli Siljanderin johdattamana.
Opetuksen ja kasvatuksen ongelmista erilaistuneissa yhteiskunnissa
Authors: Juuti Pauli
Published: September 2020

Moving horizons in education / Hannele Niemi (toim.). Helsinki : Helsinki University Press, 1999. 239 s.
Elinikäinen oppiminen elämänyhteyksissä
Authors: Huotari Vesa
Published: September 2020

Lifeworlds and learning : essays in the theory and practice of lifelong learning / B. Williamson. Leicester : NIACE, 1998.
Millainen laatujärjestelmä tunnistaa toiminnan tuloksellisuuden ja laadun?
Authors: Pesonen Keijo
Published: September 2020

Laatujärjestelmät ovat tehneet tuloaan opetustoimeen. ”Kokemukset ovat vielä vähäisiä, mutta paineet helposti mitattavan ja konkreettisen esiin saamiseen kasvavat”, pelkää kirjoittaja, jonka omassa oppilaitoksessa, Savonlinnan ammatti-instituutissa on vuoden verran haettu ja hiottu sen toimintojen arviointiin soveltuvia välineitä. Itsearviointimallia on Samissa testattu ja itsearvioinnin toteutus käynnistyy tänä syksynä.
Freire: epäilyn ja kritiikin etiikka
Authors: Suoranta Juha
Published: September 2020

Jos kysytään, kuka on maailman tunnetuin urheilija, aika moni osaa vastata Muhammed Ali tai Péle tai Michael Jordan. Jos sitten kysytään tunnetuinta kasvatusajattelijaa, luulen, että vastaukset eivät ole yhtä ilmeisiä – ellei sitten pidä Jeesusta kasvattajana Jumalan armosta. Yksi nimi Jeesuksen ohella saatetaan kuitenkin tuntea: Paulo Freire.
Freire-väitös on kulttuuriteko
Authors: Kemppainen Heikki
Published: September 2020

Tiedostaminen ja muutos Paulo Freiren ajattelussa. Systemaattinen analyysi sorrettujen pedagogiikasta, Aino Hannula, Helsinki (2000)
Verkkopedagogiikan osaamisalueista
Authors: Mäkinen Päivi
Published: September 2020

Johdatus verkkopedagogiikkaan, Kari Kiviniemi, Kokkola (2000)
Herännyt on hankala
Authors: Suoranta Juha
Published: September 2020

Havahtuminen, Anthony de Mello, Helsinki (1999)