bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Sensing Efficiency of C6O6Li6 for Detecting Lung Cancer-Related Volatile Organic Compounds: A Computational Density Functional Theory Approach
Authors: Aetizaz Muhammad , Ullah Faizan , Mahmood Tariq , Ayub Khurshid
Published: June 2023

Major cause of lung cancer is inhaling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), primarily acetone (AC), isoprene (IS), 1-hexene (HX), and benzene (BN). Human breath gases contain useful information, which makes them an effective way to diagnose these by detecting them via effective sensors. In this research, potential of C6O6Li6 is evaluated as a sensor for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetone, isoprene, 1-hexene and benzene. Different orientations have been evaluated to get the most stable orientation for the adsorption of each analyte over the surface. Interaction energies of most stable complexes are − 18.08 kcal/mol (AC@C6O6Li6), -14.06 kcal/mol (HX@C6O6Li6), -9.12 kcal/mol (IS@C6O6Li6) and − 8.31 kcal/mol (BN@C6O6Li6). Interaction energy analyses reveal that these gases are physiosorbed on the surface of C6O6Li6. Noncovalent interactions of analytes and C6O6Li6 are studied through quantum theory of atom in molecule (QTAIM), and non-covalent interaction (NCI) analyses. While the electronic properties are evaluated through frontier molecular orbital (FMO), natural bond orbital (NBO), electron density difference (EDD), and density of states (DOS) analyses. FMO analyses show that there is an increase in the band gap upon interaction of analytes (AC, IS, HX, BN) with surface (C6O6Li6). NBO analyses show that charges are being transferred from surface to analytes. We strongly believe that this study offers a thorough understanding of developing a potential sensor against harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Short-term and long-term outcomes of induction chemoimmunotherapy before radical thoracic radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ji Wenhao , Li Yuetong , Wang Zhun , Mao Weimin
Published: June 2023

Background Consolidation therapy of durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) has been the standard of care for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this retrospective study, we assessed the safety and efficacy of induction chemoimmunotherapy in unresectable stage III NSCLC.Materials and method unresectable stage III NSCLC who received at least one cycle of induction chemoimmunotherapy and underwent radical thoracic radiotherapy (RT) were retrospectively collected. The impact of induction chemoimmunotherapy on unresectable stage III NSCLC was assessed.Results 72 patients were included, after induction chemoimmunotherapy, 51 (70.8%) patients received partial response (PR) and 21 (29.2%) received stable disease (SD). Grade 3 and 4 adverse events (AEs) related to induction chemoimmunotherapy were reported in 13 (18.1%) and four (5.6%) patients. Grade 3, 4 and 5 AEs related to cCRT or RT were reported in 18 (25.0%), 4 (5.6%) and 2 (2.8%) patients. 18 (25%) had radiation pneumonia, of which, seven (9.7%) were Grade 3, two (2.8%) were Grade 5. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 18 months (95%CI: 12.3–23.7) and 29 months (95%CI: 25.7–32.3). The efficacy of induction therapy achieved PR was an independent factor for better PFS and OS, ≥ 3 cycles of induction chemoimmunotherapy was an independent factor for better OS.Conclusion Induction chemoimmunotherapy was efficacy for unresectable stage III NSCLC. Radiation pneumonia should take into consideration. ≥ 3 cycles of induction chemoimmunotherapy and the efficacy of induction therapy achieved PR was associated with better survival.
Neuroprotective Activity of Eriodictyol Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Wistar Rats by Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Malik Renu , Singh Balvinder , Kumar Manish
Published: June 2023

The present study explored the bioactivity of eriodictyol (Ed) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic neuropathy (DPN) and the probable role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.) was given to Wistar rats to induce diabetes. Ed (1 or 10 mg/kg, oral) or gabapentin (Gpn) (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or methyl vanillate (MV) (100 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered for 4 weeks starting 6 weeks after STZ administration. Feed/water intake, body weight (b.w.), blood glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and neuropathic pain parameters were measured at different intervals. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were determined in the sciatic nerve after 10 weeks. The data indicated that Ed or Gpn attenuated STZ-induced increase in b.w., polydipsia, polyphagia, glucose, insulin, and HbA1c levels. Ed or Gpn ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in the sciatic nerve of STZ-injected rats. The neuropathic pain parameters were significantly amended in Ed or Gpn-treated rats against DPN. MV (Wnt/β-catenin activator) significantly potentiated the neuropathic effects of STZ. However, Ed (10 mg/kg) ameliorated these indices and improved the pain parameters in STZ and MV-treated rats. It can be concluded that Ed ameliorated the pathogenic course of DPN and pain parameters possibly by antagonizing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Risk Assessment of Green Logistics in Renewable Energy Transition under Spherical Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Bonab Shabnam Rahnamay , Ghiaci Ali Memarpour , Ghoushchi Saeid Jafarzadeh
Published: June 2023

Ensuring the sustainability of renewable energy transition logistics relies on the successful management of various risk factors. In this study, the evaluation of risk factors related to the implementation of green logistics (GL) in renewable energy transition is carried out. To address the limitations of conventional risk priority number (RPN), a modified Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) approach that incorporates decision-makers' (DMs) perspectives DMs using a Spherical Fuzzy Set (SFs) is proposed. The use of SFs helps to mitigate the vagueness and imprecision inherent in DMs' opinions. The proposed framework leverages the Spherical Fuzzy Best-Worst Method (SF-BWM) to determine criteria weights and combines SFs with the Combinative Distance-Based Assessment (SF-CODAS) method to rank the recognized risk factors. The resulting critical risk factors provide valuable insights for effective risk management in GL implementation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was validated through a comparison of its results with those obtained from other MCDM methods, as well as through conducting sensitivity analysis. The outcomes of this evaluation provide strong evidence of the efficacy of our proposed method.
Characteristics and Seasonal Variations of Soil Bacterial Diversity and Life Strategies in Natural Vegetation and Different Ecological Restoration Sites on a Sea Island
Authors: Wang Zhikang , Li Chunlin , Geng Zengchao , Zhang Liangzhen , Sun Linting , Zhu Jianjun
Published: June 2023

While bacterial communities in ecologically restored soils have been extensively studied, the diversity and life strategies of those inhabiting soil environments formed by new restoration techniques like aggregate spray-seeding (ASS) remain unclear. To address this research gap, we compared the ASS restoration area (SRA) and AAS forest conversion area (FCA) with the natural vegetation area (NVA) and traditional afforestation area (TAA) on Triangle Island, China. Environmental DNA sequencing was employed to investigate diversity and life strategies of soil bacterial communities during summer and winter seasons. Results showed that (1) SRA and FCA exhibit significantly higher Chao1 index and relative abundance of r-strategy bacteria compared to NVA and TAA, accompanied lower DNA guanine-cytosine (GC) content. (2) The soil bacterial communities of NVA and TAA were similar, while those of SRA and FCA were also similar to each other. (3) Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota were the dominant phyla in our studied soils, accounting for 67.83–76.54% of the total relative abundance. (4) The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was higher in summer, while that of Acidobacteriota was higher in winter. (5) GC content showed a negative correlation (p < 0.0001) with the relative abundance r-strategy bacteria and a positive correlation (p < 0.01) with the relative abundance K-strategy bacteria. In summary, our study demonstrates the impact of ASS application on soil bacterial community diversity and life strategy, while confirming the correlation between the bacterial GC content and life strategy. These findings provide a foundation for regulating soil microbial communities in ecological restoration projects.
Examining the Effect of Location on the Effect of the Value of Residential Properties in Wa
Authors: Baidoo Jonas , Amoah Richard
Published: June 2023

The real estate market in Ghana has experienced notable changes and fluctuations over time due to factors such as economic conditions, urbanization and policy interventions. This study is to analyze and determine the relative roles of locational characteristics in the determination of housing values/prices of residential properties. In order to achieve this, attempts were made to evaluate the role of locational factors in the determination of house prices; study how house prices / values in WA Municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana. Data collection techniques such as review of relevant literature, group discussions and questionnaire administration were used and data Was analyzed by the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitatively as well. The significance of each variable involving socio-economic characteristics, landlord experience, building characteristics and locational characteristics Was evaluated through a multiple regression model. The findings are categorized into levels on the basis of the coefficient values. The results indicate that locational characteristics are the most significant variable that determines the value of houses in our study area. By comprehending the driving force behind property value, stakeholders can navigate the market more effectively and contribute to sustainable urban development in Upper West Region of Ghana.
Prediction of drug–drug interactions between roflumilast and CYP3A4/1A2 perpetrators using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) approach
Authors: Jia Guangwei , Ren Congcong , Wang Hongyan , Fan Caixia
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict changes in the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD, PDE4 inhibition) of roflumilast (ROF) and ROF N-oxide when co-administered with eight CYP3A4/1A2 perpetrators. The population PBPK model of ROF and ROF N-oxide has been successfully developed and validated based on the four clinical PK studies and five clinical drug-drug interactions (DDIs) studies. In PK simulations, every ratio of prediction to observation for PK parameters fell within the range 0.7 to 1.5. In DDI simulations, except for tow peak concentration ratios (Cmax) of ROF with rifampicin (0.63 vs. 0.19) and with cimetidine (1.07 vs.1.85), the remaining predicted ratios closely matched the observed ratios. Additionally, the PBPK model suggested that co-administration with the four perpetrators (ketoconazole, cimetidine, enoxacin, and fluconazole) may use with caution, while co-administration with CYP3A4 strong or moderate inducer (rifampicin, efavirenz), or with CYP3A4 strong inhibitor (itraconazole), or with dual CYP3A41A2 inhibitor (fluvoxamine) should avoid. Overall, the present PBPK model can provide recommendations for adjusting dosing regimens in the presence of DDIs.
Fast and Effective Deepfake Detection Method Using Frame Comparison Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Sarfraj , Shaun Mohd Akbar
Published: June 2023

Deep fake technology is an emerging technology that creates fake videos by using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) an artificial intelligence (AI) based technique to change the face of the person with the facial expression and lips sing effect. The development of tools for creating automatically deepfake is easily available. But the tools available for detecting deepfake are too complicated and not commonly available as compared to the deep fake creation tools available. The proposed method helps to detect deep fake video very fast as compared to the available CNN-based detection method. When the deep fake video has been created the edges of the imposed face are managed by creating or managing the distortion on the edges which creates an exclusive blur and noise on the edges of the face. The proposed model takes the advantage of this and does a comparative analysis of the frames using the Laplacian operator for edge detection and then detecting deepfake.
Correlation between circulating levels of cytokines and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a Mendelian randomization study and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xue Dan , Qian Yu , Tu Xiao , He Mu , Xing Fengling , Ren Yunqing , Yuan Chengda
Published: June 2023

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder, the etiology of which involves the alterations in circulating cytokine levels. However, the cause-and-effect relationships and in-depth clinical relevance of them remains to be systematically investigated. Methods We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using Wald ratio and Delta, inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods, to assess the causality of circulating cytokine levels and SLE. Furthermore, we performed an observational study using two datasets, including GSE99967 and GSE121239, to further reveal the association between 27 circulating cytokines and the severity measured by SLEDAI score, as well as lupus nephritis (LN), of SLE. Results In MR analysis, genetically determined elevated CTACK, and IL-18 were associated with an increased risk of SLE, whereas higher level of GRO-a was associated with a 5% decreased risk of SLE. In bioinformatics analysis, we identified 10 cytokines with significant differences between SLE patients and controls. Among them, there were 6 cytokines (MCP1, MIP-1b, CTACK, IP10, HGF, IL-18, IL-13) were identified as associated with clinical severity. Besides, 5 cytokines, including SDF-1a, IL-18, IL-8, IL-4, and TNF, were related with LN and may have good diagnostic value for LN. Moreover, we also predicted 4 compounds might have good binding activities with IL-18, which may have the potential therapeutic effects on SLE. Conclusion The evidence supported a potential causal role of circulating cytokines on the risk of SLE. Targeting IL-18 might be a meaningful strategy for the prevention or treatment of SLE, especially in LN patients.
Promoting climate-smart sustainable agroforestry to tackle social and environmental challenges: The case of Macadamia agroforestry in Malawi
Authors: Araya Yoseph N , Emmott Andrew , Rawes William , Zuza Emmanuel Junior
Published: June 2023

Our current global food system is understood to require a fundamental transformation based on a holistic approach to maintain long-term fertility, healthy biodiverse agroecosystems, and climate-proof/secure livelihoods. Recently, there has been a growing recognition of smallholder farmers' contributions to addressing key global environmental and social development issues (i.e., SDGs), including poverty, food security, climate change, and sustainable development. One specific approach is agroforestry-based agriculture, in which edible food and commercially important trees are grown on cropland, thereby improving the biodiversity of farming systems, enhancing agricultural productivity, and adding benefits such as nutrition and financial stability, not least climate resilience. In this context, we present lessons learned from an agroforestry system in Malawi that involves smallholder farmer cooperatives interplanting macadamia nut trees with annual crops such as groundnuts, maize, and soybeans. We review holistic advantages such as yield improvement, farmer perceptions, and challenges. We provide insights into what works in designing (NMT, linkage with finance plan) and draw lessons that can be applied to other comparable programmes worldwide.
Treatment outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery for primary and metastatic sarcoma of the spine
Authors: Kim Eunji , Kim Mi-Sook , Chang Ung-Kyu , Kong Chang-Bae
Published: June 2023

Purpose This study evaluated the treatment outcomes of spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in sarcoma patients. Materials and methods A total of 44 sarcoma patients and 75 spinal lesions (6 primary tumors, 69 metastatic tumors) treated with SRS were retrospectively reviewed between 2006 and 2017. The median radiation dose was 33 Gy (range, 18–45 Gy) in 3 fractions (range, 1–5) prescribed to the 75% isodose line. Results The median follow-up duration was 18.2 months. The 1-year local control was 76.4%, and patients treated with multiple vertebral bodies and large planning target volume (PTV) size were identified as unfavorable prognostic factors on multivariate analyses. Progression-free survival at 1 year was 31.9%, with the interval between initial diagnosis and SRS and extent of disease at the time of treatment being significant prognostic factors. The 1-year overall survival was 80.5%, and PTV > 16 cc and visceral metastases were independently associated with inferior overall survival. Conclusion SRS for spinal sarcoma is effective in achieving local control, particularly when treating a single vertebral level or a small treatment volume, resulting in an excellent control rate. The extent of disease at the time of SRS is significantly correlated with survival outcomes and should be considered when treating spine sarcoma.
Approximation and moduli of continuity of a function with first derivative f' belonging to Ha2[0,1) and solution of Bessel differential equation by ExtendedLegendre wavelet technique
Authors: Lal Shyam , Yadav Swatantra
Published: June 2023

In this paper, extended Legendre wavelet is considered. The solution of Bessel's differential equation has been obtained by extended Legendre wavelet technique and the convergence analysis of its solution has been studied. Two new extended Legendre wavelet estimators $E_{\mu^k,0}(f)$, $E_{\mu^k,M}(f)$ and two new moduli of continuity $ W\big(\big(f-(S_{\mu^{k},0}f)\big),\frac{1}{\mu^{k}}\big) , W\big( \big(f-(S_{\mu^{k},M}f)\big),\frac{1}{\mu^{k}}\big) $ of solution function with first derivative $ f^{'} $ belong to $H_{2}^{\alpha} [0,1)$ of order $0<\alpha \leq 1$, has been developed. These estimators and moduli of continuity are new and best possible in wavelet analysis. Extended Legendre wavelet collocation method has been developed to solve Bessel differential equations with unknown extended Legendre wavelet coefficients. In this process, Bessel differential equations are reduced into a system of algebraic equations and these equations are solved by collocation method. To show the utility and validity of the suggested approach, three Bessel type differential equations are solved. The solution obtained by proposed method are compared to their exact solutions. The absolute errors are negligible. This demonstrates the applicability and accuracy of the methodology presented in this paper.
Mathematics Subject Classification:42C40, 65T60, 45G10, 45B05.
Identifying the Origin of Yemeni Green Coffee Beans Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy: A Promising Tool for Traceability and Sustainability
Authors: Santos-Rivera Mariana , Montagnon Christophe , Sheibani Faris
Published: June 2023

Yemeni smallholder coffee farmers face several challenges, including the ongoing civil conflict, limited rainfall levels for irrigation, and a lack of post-harvest processing infrastructure. Decades of political instability have also affected the quality, accessibility, and reputation of Yemeni coffee beans. Despite these challenges, Yemeni coffee is highly valued for its unique flavor profile and is considered one of the most valuable coffees in the world. Due to its exclusive nature and perceived value, it is also a prime target for food fraud and adulteration. This is the first study to identify the potential of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and chemometrics – more specifically, the discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) – as a promising, fast, and cost-effective tool for the traceability of Yemeni coffee and sustainability of the Yemeni coffee sector. The NIR spectral signatures of whole green coffee beans from Yemeni regions (Al Mahwit, Dhamar, Ibb, Saada, and Sana'a), and other origins (n = 221) were discriminated and predicted with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity ≥ 98% using PCA-LDA models. These results show that the chemical composition of green coffee and other factors captured on the spectral signatures can influence the discrimination of the geographical origin, a crucial component of coffee valuation in the international markets.
Proposal of names for 328 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes
Authors: Chuvochina Maria , Mussig Aaron J. , Chaumeil Pierre-Alain , Skarshewski Adam , Rinke Christian , Parks Donovan H. , Hugenholtz Philip
Published: June 2023

The Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) is a taxonomic framework that defines prokaryotic taxa as monophyletic groups in concatenated protein reference trees according to systematic criteria. This has resulted in a substantial number of changes to existing classifications (https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org). In the case of union of taxa, names were applied based on the priority of publication. The division of taxa or change in rank led to the formation of new Latin names above the rank of genus that were only made publicly available via the GTDB website without associated published taxonomic proposals. This sometimes led to confusion in the literature and databases. A number of the provisional GTDB names were later published in other studies, while many still lack authorships. To reduce further confusion, here we propose names and descriptions for 328 GTDB-defined prokaryotic taxa, 223 of which are suitable for validation under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) and 48 under the Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data (SeqCode). For the latter we designated 21 genomes as type material. An additional 57 taxa that do not currently satisfy the validation criteria of either code are proposed as Candidatus.
In-game Heart Rate Variability in Habitual University Student League of Legends Players: Correlations with In-game Performance, Game Rank and Internet Addiction Scale
Authors: Long Kehong , Zhang Xuzhe , Wang Ningxin , Lei Hao
Published: June 2023

It has been reported that individuals with internet gaming disorder (IGD) display abnormal autonomic activities at rest and during gameplay. To further understand in-game changes of autonomic activity and how they are modulated by behavioral performance and human characteristics of the player, heart rate variability (HRV) was measured in 42 male university student habitual players (HPs) when they played a round of League of Legends game naturalistically. Various HRV indices derived from heart rate recording in the whole game (WG) were correlated with in-game performance and gaming-related personal attribute parameters, including ranking score, hours of weekly playing and revised Chen Internet addiction scale (CIAS-R) of the player. It was observed that HRV indicators of sympathetic activity correlated with the number of Slain in WG (Nslain). In comparison, HRV indicators of parasympathetic/vagal activity correlated not only with Nslain, but also with ranking score and CIAS-R. HRV indices representing autonomic balance were found to be predicted by CIAS-R only, regardless of in-game performance. In-game HRV/autonomic activities largely remained stable across different phases of gameplay. However, the individuals at high risk of developing IGD (i.e., CIAS-R>63) showed augmented sympathetic activation in the early and late phases, indicating that IGD-related autonomic dysregulation may have arisen from and reflected the complex interactions between the personal attributes of the player and situational factors embedded in game mechanics.
Validierung der deutschsprachigen Versionen der Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) und der Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP)
Authors: Bebermeier Sarah , Haaß Valeska
Published: June 2023

Beim Phubbing richten Personen ihre Aufmerksamkeit während sozialer Kommunikation auf ihr Mobiltelefon anstatt auf ihr Gegenüber. Diese Zweittätigkeit, die das Gegenüber als störend wahrnimmt, kann Ausdruck mangelnder Medienkompetenz sein. Mithilfe zweier Studien (N1 = 245, N2 = 270) validierten wir die deutschsprachigen Versionen der Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) zur Erfassung von Phubbing und die Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP) zur Erfassung von Phubbing-Erfahrungen von Chotpitayasunondh und Douglas (2018a, 8–9). Wir replizierten mithilfe konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalysen vier Faktoren für die GSP (Nomophobie, Interpersonelle Konflikte, Selbstisolation, Problembekenntnis) und drei Faktoren für die GSBP (Wahrgenommene Normen, Gefühl ignoriert zu werden, Interpersonelle Konflikte). Konvergente Validität und Kriteriumsvalidität zeigten sich in positiven Korrelationen mit einem anderen Phubbing-Fragebogen, der Sorge etwas zu verpassen und exzessiver Internet- und Mobiltelefonnutzung (GSP) sowie in positiven Korrelationen mit einem anderen Phubbing-Erfahrungs-Fragebogen und Einsamkeit sowie einer negativen Korrelation mit sozialer Unterstützung (GSBP). Diskriminante Validität zeigte sich in geringen Korrelationen mit Introversion (GSP) sowie Neurotizismus (GSBP). Abschliessend diskutieren wir Implikationen der Messinstrumente für die medienpädagogische Praxis.
NORMLARIN AYRILMASI TEORİSİ VE TÜRK ANAYASA MAHKEMESİNİN İPTAL YETKİSİ
Authors: GÜLGEÇ Yahya Berkol
Published: June 2023

Türk Anayasa Mahkemesi denetimine tâbi kılınmış anayasaya aykırı normları iptal etme yetkisine sahiptir. Anayasaya aykırı olabilen ve iptal edilebilen şey belli sözcük, ifade veya cümleler gibi metin parçaları değil, normlardır. Normlar ise metinlerin kendisi değil, metinlerden çıkan anlamlardır. Bu nedenle Anayasa Mahkemesinin yetkisinin belirlenmesi açısından ayrılma teorisinin önemi büyüktür. Ayrılma teorisi tek bir hukuk normunun hangi unsurlardan müteşekkil olduğuyla ilgilenir. Her hukuk normunda muhatap, konu ve gereklilik olmak üzere üç unsurun bulunması gerekir. Kimi durumlarda anayasaya aykırı olan normun iptali norm metninden bazı ifadelerin çıkarılmasıyla gerçekleştirilemez. Bu durumlarda metinden ifadelerin çıkarılmasıyla yetinilmesi anayasaya aykırı normla birlikte, anayasaya uygun olan normun da iptal edilmesine yol açabilir. Yalnızca anayasaya aykırı normu iptal etmek suretiyle yetkisini anayasaya uygun biçimde kullanmak isteyen Mahkemenin norm metninde değişiklik yapması icap eder. Çalışmada bu gibi durumlarda Anayasa Mahkemesinin “norm metnini değiştirerek iptal” yetkisine sahip olduğu, bu yetkide anayasaya aykırı herhangi bir durum olmadığı iddia edilmektedir. Bu iddia Türk Anayasa Mahkemesinin bir kararı üzerinden ve Mahkemenin yetkisine ilişkin anayasal hükümler dikkate alınarak savunulmaktadır.
Assessing machine learning tools for methane emission prediction from POME treatment in Malaysia
Authors: Selvanathan Kashwin , Ragu Kishaan , Yi Hia Hung , Kazemi Yazdi Sara , Chen Zhiyuan , Godary Reza
Published: June 2023

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment is an anthropogenic activity contributing to global warming through methane emission. The inability to address this issue would deem true the catastrophic impacts of global temperatures exceeding 2 °C as was predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2015. Little research and development exist on GHGs monitoring and methane emissions in POME treatment facilities as opposed to research on improving biogas production. A methane emission prediction tool based on machine learning models and tools can address this problem and consequently facilitate the development of efficient carbon neutrality approaches in POME treatment plants. In this study, six regression models were explored alongside their kernels using eight predictors, linking towards methane emission volume. The best model found was support vector machine (SVM), producing performance metrics for R2 and RMSE with values of 0.45 and 0.749, respectively.
Amine-Functionalized SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica-Anchored Ni Nanocatalyst
for CO2 Hydrogenation Reaction
Authors: Srivastava Vivek
Published: June 2023

In this study, we successfully synthesized amine-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silicasupported
Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) and investigated their potential for CO2 transition to formic
acid via high-pressure hydrogenation reaction. The metal-support interface between the Ni NPs and
the amine-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica was examined using various techniques, including
BET, TEM, and XPS analyses. Our findings reveal a robust metal-support interaction between the
NiNPs and the mesoporous silica substrate, highlighting the suitability of the catalyst for the CO2
conversion reaction. Additionally, the catalyst CAT$Ni-1 exhibited good catalytic activity over
CAT$Ni-2 and CAT$Ni-3, and we were able to recycle them up to five runs with no significant reduction
in catalytic activity. These results suggest that the synthesized Ni NP catalysts have the potential
for large-scale CO2 conversion, contributing to the development of sustainable technologies for
reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as Agents Against Human Infectious
Viruses
Authors: Hamidzade Malihe , Motlaghzadeh Saeed , Khales Pegah , Aminpanah Danesh , Minaeian Sara , Hosseini-Hosseinabad Seyed Morteza , Tavakoli Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Viral infections remain to be a serious threat to public health on a global scale. Recent
outbreaks of viral infections have highlighted the urgent need for novel antiviral treatments. The
recent development of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles for the treatment of various pathogenic
viruses has received significant attention. There are established mechanisms of action for metal/
metal oxide nanoparticles that can occur inside and outside host cells. These mechanisms
include the interaction of nanoparticles with viral receptors, interference with viral attachment,
interaction with the viral genome, inactivating virus particles prior to cellular entry, and interaction
with viral replication factors. In this article, we attempted to present a comprehensive review
of all published research on using metal/metal oxide nanoparticles against human infectious
viruses and their antiviral modes of action.
A Comprehensive Review of Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of
Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Shadab Sumbul , Rao GSN Koteswara , Paliwal Deepika , Yadav Devdhar , Alam Aftab , Singh Amit , Sultana Md Jaha
Published: June 2023

The choices of treatment for Alzheimer's are based on NMDA-receptor antagonists and
cholinesterase inhibitors, although their efficacy as a therapy is still up for debate. BPSD (Behavioural
and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia) have been treated using herbal medicine products,
with varying degrees of success. This manuscript sets out to answer the question, "Can herbs
be effective in the treatment of cognitive impairments in patients?" by examining evidences from
controlled research. The process by which Alzheimer's disease develops remains a mystery, and the
present Alzheimer's treatment strategy, which consists of administering a single medicine to treat a
single target, appears to be clinically ineffective. AD treatment will require a combination of approaches
that target many signs and causes of the disease. The results of currently available licensed
therapies for AD are often disappointing, and alternative medicine, especially herbal therapy, may
play a role. Over 80% of the world's population, particularly in developing nation, gets their main
health care from herbal medicines. They have persisted through the years due to their low risk, high
reward, widespread acceptance across cultures, and absence of detrimental side effects. In some
cases, herbal remedies have proven to be more effective than conventional medical treatments. They
are assumed to be natural unless proven otherwise by the presence of unnatural additives. The absence
of adverse reactions is a major advantage of herbal treatment. In addition, they provide ongoing
advantages to health. Salvia officinalis, Ginkgo biloba, Melissa officinalis, Panax ginseng, Coriandrum
sativum, Curcuma longa, Ashwagandha, Uncaria Tomentosa, Crocus Sativus and Allium
Sativum are all studied for their potential effects on Alzheimer's disease.
Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on Menstrual Cycle Patterns of
Reproductive-age Women: A Multi-centric Observational Study
Authors: Kumar Naina , Gangane Neha , Mohapatra Ipsita , Rukadikar Charushila , Sharmila Vijayan , Pushpalatha K. , Eerike Madhavi , Santhoshi G. , Samantaray Subha Ranjan , Seth Shikha , Trigunait Pragati , Reddy Nanditha Jangam , Patel Shweta , Rani Sandhya , Mishra Roopanshi , Negi Kamlesh
Published: June 2023

Aim:

The study was conducted to know the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on menstrual
cycle patterns and pre- and post-menstrual symptoms in women aged 18-45 years.

Background:

COVID-19 vaccination was introduced to combat the dreadful impacts of human
coronavirus infection. The two indigenously developed COVID-19 vaccines approved for use in
India are COVISHILED and COVAXIN.

Objectives:

To investigate the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the menstrual cycle, pre- and
post-menstrual symptoms and to establish the correlation with the type of vaccine received.

Methods:

Multi-centric observational study conducted in six institutes of national importance in
different states of India over one year. A total of 5709 female participants fulfilling inclusion criteria
were enrolled. Data about the impact of vaccines (COVISHIELD and COVAXIN) and prior
COVID-19 infection on the menstrual cycle and its associated symptoms were obtained using all
participants' online and offline interviews.

Results:

Of 5709 participants, 78.2% received COVISHIELD and 21.8% COVAXIN. Of the total
5709 participants, 333 (5.8%) developed post-vaccination menstrual disturbances, with 32.7%
having frequent cycles, 63.7% prolonged cycles, and 3.6% inter-menstrual bleeding. A total of
301 participants noticed changes in the amount of bleeding, with 50.2% excessive, 48.8% scanty,
and 0.99% amenorrhea followed by heavy bleeding. Furthermore, the irregularities of the menstrual
cycle (p = 0.011) and length (0.001) were significantly higher in the COVAXIN group
(7.2%) as compared to the COVISHIELD (5.3%) group. A total of 721 participants complained of
newly developed/worsening pre- and post-menstrual symptoms. These symptoms were significantly
higher in the COVISHIELD group (p = 0.031), with generalized weakness and body pains
as the main complaints (p = 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of
COVID-19 infection with these vaccines. No significant associations were observed when comparing
menstrual abnormalities among those with COVID-19 infection (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

COVISHILED and COVAXIN vaccines were associated with menstrual cycle disturbances
and pre-and post-menstrual symptoms in a small proportion of participants, with 94.7%
having no change in the amount of bleeding during menstruation post-vaccination. The menstrual
irregularities observed were significantly higher with the COVAXIN vaccine.

Others:

Further, long-term studies are required to confirm that the impact of COVID-19 vaccination
on the menstrual cycle may be short-lasting, with no severe effects on women’s menstrual health.
Ab-initio Investigation of 5-methoxybenzimidazole Compound
Authors: Khan Obeidullah , Gupta Deepak , Garg Bharti , Kumar Kundu Shyamal , Bhattacharjee Ayon
Published: June 2023

Objective:

This work aims to provide a detailed analysis of a biomedically relevant
compound with the chemical name 5-methoxybenzimidazole.

Methods:

The compound was analyzed for its thermochemical, charge distribution, electrical,
nonlinear optical, atomic force, and atomic orientations. Different ab-initio methods and their
combinations (ONIOM1 and ONIOM2) were used for quantum mechanical simulations and identification
of the compound.

Results:

For 5OB, a detailed vibrational analysis of 5OB was performed. The compound is
found to be highly active due to electronegative Nitrogen and the highly resonating structure of
benzimidazole. Its significant optical nonlinearity was proved by sizeable static hyperpolarizability.
From APT analysis, we found that there is a difference in the results given by ONIOM and
DFT while the results shown by the two ONIOM methods gave almost similar distribution patterns.
By performing NLO, ONIOM 2 is found to be better than ONIOM 1.

Conclusion:

After the analysis, we found that computationally cheaper ONIOM 2 is compatible
with DFT for the 5OB compound.
A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Impact on Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Khan Mohd Zafar , Badruddeen  , Khushtar Mohammad , Akhtar Juber , Khan Mohammad Irfan , Ahmad Mohammad , Chand Ishana
Published: June 2023

Background:

The world is confronted with the threat of a pandemic driven by a novel coronavirus,
namely Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was
spread in December 2019 in Wuhan (China). The virus has spread to 216 nations, regions, and territories
around the world. There were around 510306 confirmed cases and 333401 deaths by May 2020. Patients
with cardiovascular diseases and other co-morbidities were at a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection that
ultimately resulted in the death of the patient.

Objective:

This review highlights the impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular diseases and other comorbidities.

Methods:

This review was completed using different sources of search sites like Google Scholar, Pub-
Med, ScienceDirect, Scopus, etc.

Result:

The diseases associated with the cardiovascular system include myocarditis, heart failure, cardiac
injury, and microangiopathy. The mechanisms that cause cardiovascular problems in COVID-19 are myocardial
injury pathways, systemic inflammation, altered myocardial demand and supply ratios, plaque
rupture, coronary thrombosis, adverse effects of various therapies, and electrolyte imbalances. Several
studies provide an important clinical and molecular clue to cardiac involvement during COVID-19. The
high cytokine concentrations may contribute to myocardial lesions and a poor disease prognosis. In an
earlier study, autopsy reports of COVID-19 found the SARS-CoV-2 genome in myocardial tissues. This
also demonstrates that cytokine-induced organ dysfunction contributes to the disease process.

Conclusion:

This review concludes that the impact of coronavirus on the cardiac system has shown a
harmful effect, and patients with co-morbidities are likely to be more affected by COVID-19 infection.
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF IRRIGATION FARMERS AND FISHERY FARMERS IN MUSI RAWAS DISTRICT
Authors: Gunawan Hendra , Randana Muhammad Prima Cakra
Published: June 2023

griculture has been recognized as an important sector in Indonesia. In addition to providing food and industrial raw materials, it contributes significantly to the growth of gross domestic product (GDP), foreign exchange, employment, and rural household income. One of the important triggers for the decline in harvested area and rice production in Musi Rawas Regency is the decline in rice field area due to the conversion of rice fields to non-rice fields. Conflicts over water resources vary from one area to another because water is not evenly distributed both in space and time. Therefore, this paper describes changes in the household population of rice farmers and changes in the population of aquaculture farmers in Musi Rawas Regency. This research was conducted using quantitative methods through a descriptive observational approach to secondary data obtained from the Government of Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The distribution of descriptive data was analyzed univariately using the SPSS Statistic 25.0 application. The area of rice fields increased from 2019 to 2021, followed by the number of farmers which also increased. The area of aquaculture is relatively stable in 2020 and 2021 and has increased compared to 2019. Meanwhile, aquaculture households from 2019 to 2021 continue to increase. he findings indicate the expansion of new rice fields (extensification) due to the need for new rice fields due to the increase in the population of farmers. The population of fish farmers is increasing even though the fishery area is constant. This condition indicates the fragmentation of fishery land.
Recursive Algorithm for Forming Structured Sets of Information Blocks that Increase the Speed of Performing Procedures for Determining Their Source
Authors: Tanygin M. O. , Ahmad A. A. , Kazakova O. V. , Golubov D. A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose of research. The article examines the features of the synthesis of specialized devices that control the integrity and authenticity of individual information blocks based on CBC codes. Approaches aimed at reducing computational and resource costs when performing such procedures are considered. The dependencies between the performance indicators and the requirements for the volume of internal memory of specialized computers processing data in CBC mode are formulated..Methods. The implementation of data source authentication procedures using encoding in the mode of concatenation of individual data blocks is an effective method of increasing reliability in conditions of a limited size of verified authentication sequences. At the same time, its implementation in receivers requires the creation of specialized calculators that process tree-like structures that arise during data decoding, consisting of separate data blocks. To reduce resource and computational costs when processing such structures, indirect addressing is used, in which block data is stored in RAM, and their addresses are stored in the high-speed register memory of the computer itself.Results. A model of indirect addressing of data blocks in RAM has been created. Pointers to blocks are stored in a separate register memory and each pointer is placed according to the decoded sequence number of the block in the sequence. Each block address in RAM is supplemented by a set of pointers to subsequent blocks in the branches of the tree structure. The created mathematical model made it possible to estimate the size in bits of all the pointers involved and their number, which made it possible to determine the need for a computer processing a tree structure in register memory.Conclusion. The paper shows that using a combination of matrix and list organization of block address storage reduces the need for register memory of the calculator by 50-60%. At the same time, the computer can process the tree-like structure of information blocks using high-performance iterative algorithms, which would be impossible if only the list organization of address storage was used.
Construction of LDPC Codes Using Cole's Modified Importance Sampling Method
Authors: Usatjuk V. S. , Egorov S. I.
Published: June 2023

Purpose of researchis a modification of Cole's importance sampling method for finding trapping sets in an LDPC code to speed up their search.Methods.Cole proposed a method for searching for trapping sets in an LDPC code by using a Monte Carlo method that causes the decoding algorithm to fail at nodes potentially contained in trapping sets. His method makes it possible to accelerate the study of the efficiency of medium-length LDPC codes in the region of large SNRs. The modified method uses the properties of automorphisms of Tanner graphs, which make it possible to exclude a significant number of symbolic nodes from the enumeration. The modified method also provides for an ordered enumeration over subgraphs containing cycles.Results.The proposed method made it possible to speed up the search for trapping sets in Mackay's PEG(1008, 504) LDPC code by 5027 times compared to the Velasquez-Subramani method, and 43 times faster compared to the original Cole method. In the case of (2640, 1320) LDPC Margulis code, the proposed method is 28 times faster than the Velasquez-Subramani quasi-cyclic method and 134 times faster than the original Cole method.Conclusion.The result of experimental studies showed the possibility of using the developed method to improve the connectivity spectrum, increase the code distance of QC-LDPC codes. This made it possible to reduce the probability of a bit error at the decoder output by orders of magnitude at high signal-to-noise ratios in the AWGN channel.
Monitoreo de cultivos bajo invernadero utilizando tecnologías 4.0
Authors: Arregocés-Guerra Paulina , Restrepo-Arias Juan Felipe , Usme Martinez Manuela , Montoya-Yepes Juan Pablo , Branch-Bedoya John Willian
Published: June 2023

Implementar las herramientas de la “agricultura inteligente” en Colombia, sobre todo en el dominio de los pequeños agricultores, encuentra serias dificultades. Aunque estos representan un 70,8 % del total de unidades de producción agropecuaria (upa), según la Encuesta Nacional Agropecuaria (dane, 2019), solo el 2,4 % de ellos cuenta con una conexión a internet y con el “internet de las cosas” (o IoT según sus siglas en inglés) es posible el monitoreo de variables y mejoras de las estrategias de producción agrícola. Dado lo anterior, este trabajo explora el uso de herramientas tecnológicas 4.0 en zonas rurales, donde se utilizó una plataforma IoT de acceso libre y tecnologías LoRa y LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network), con referencia de arquitectura LoRaFarM (LoRaWAN-based Smart Farming Modular IoT Architecture) y también se emplearon sensores en dos invernaderos de producción de hortalizas en el municipio de San Cristóbal. Así, la plataforma permitió a los agricultores la visualización en el panel de control de lecturas de temperatura, humedad relativa del aire, espectros de luz (visible, infrarrojo y ultravioleta) y voltaje de alimentación de los nodos de sensores. La transmisión de datos se configuró a aproximadamente 3 km hasta una puerta de enlace a internet y se logró el almacenamiento de datos hasta por 5 GB. Se concluye que es posible enlazar a agricultores a un nodo de internet, mejorando la cobertura de la asistencia técnica y se propone aumentar las distancias de monitoreo y cubrir un número mayor de agricultores en futuros trabajos.