Administrative and legal enforcement of order calculation of time in Ukraine.
Authors: Kurinnyi Yevhen 
Published: December 2021

The article deals with a topical problem – a general description of the features of administrative-legal support of the calculation of time in Ukraine. In particular, the author emphasizes that the proper provision of public needs in the field of time calculation in Ukraine is entrusted to the executive authorities - the government and its relevant structures. Public administration relations arising from the above needs, based on the content of the subject of administrative law, belong to the scope of this branch of Ukrainian law. It has been noted that the history of the problem shows that during the stay of Ukrainian lands in other countries, the definition of time for Ukrainians, as well as for other European nations, was not stable and still has not become final. Time zone (UTC + 2) was introduced on the territory of the Ukrainian SSR as a component of the USSR on May 2, 1924, and maternity time was introduced on the territory of the Soviet Union on June 20, 1930, after which the time of the third zone (UTC + 3) on the territory of Soviet Ukraine became also year-round. The attention has been paid that from July 1, 1990 on the territory of the USSR the maternity time was abolished and the UTC + 2 time zone was restored, from September 29, 1991 summer time was also abolished. However, by the Resolution of March 6, 1992, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine restored the validity of this time. Thus, after the above-mentioned government decisions, Kyiv time became equal to the corresponding zone UTC+2, and during summer time - UTC+3. Another attempt to change the time took place last year, when at the initiative of R.O. Stefanchuk, the bill № 4201 of 09.10.2020 «On the calculation of time in Ukraine» was submitted to the parliament, which provided for the waiver of the seasonal transition of time from 2021. It has been emphasized that at least six factors, namely political, economic, international, physiological, socio-domestic and geographical, should be the basis of government decisions to change the time in the country (including in Ukraine). Peculiarities that characterize the current process of administrative and legal support for changing the procedure for calculating the time mine in our country are: its significant politicization, low level of preparedness, implementation in conditions of significant time lag, lack of proper communication between government and the people, the need for coordination and synchronization with EU, the implementation in the traditional format of legal (administrative-legal) regulation, in which, as a rule, is sufficiently simplified without due regard for the nature and characteristics of certain social relations is their legal regulation. The attention has been paid to the fact that there is a high probability that the 17 EU countries that currently live in the first time zone (GMT + 1) may permanently stay in summer time – GMT+2. According to the legislative initiative of R.O. Stefanchuk, at the same time GMT+2 as a year-round is proposed to be introduced in Ukraine. That is, 17 EU countries will remain in the summer, and we in the winter. As a result, Kyiv time will be equal to Warsaw, Berlin or Paris, which, given the significant actual difference in real time, can bring significant inconvenience to most Ukrainian citizens, and our country has major, including security problems. The author has stated that the administrative-legal support of the calculation of time in Ukraine is characterized by a number of features, the main of which is its actual absence. Instead of providing groups with relevant social needs, our state continues to use an outdated and ineffective format of legal regulation of social relations. This leads to one-sidedness, simplification and haste in the preparation of relevant regulations. Under the conditions of immediate introduction of a more effective scheme of providing administrative legal needs, the issues of time calculation in Ukraine will most likely be solved systematically, comprehensively with proper scientific substantiation, taking into account all specific social needs and significant features that characterize this important component of public life.