bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An unknown Roman bridge on sangarius and ancient road system around it
Authors: Arıkan Refik
Published: January 2023

Not only do road systems serve dominance claims, but they also occupy a vital place as a power instrument. Road systems, made use of, at war, through transportation of army, are also an indispensable instrument for trade network as well as taking the existence of state back of the beyond. In this context, Roman Empire, while generating one of the most important elements for humankind, was able to take its influence, through these road nets constituted by bridges and milestone, to the lands dominated. Courier service has great importance for the rendering of power. In Roman period, the main road, from Belgrade via Edirne (Adrianople) to Istanbul strait, had been extending to Izmit (Nikomedia), passing to Anatolia side. Thus, Izmit that, until the establishment of Istanbul (Constantinapole), was the center of Roman Empire in Asia Minor had rendered a service as a first distribution point of Anatolian road system. From there, routes, leading to Black Sea (Phontus) coasts, were covering a distance to the territorial enclaves of Anatolia. Hence, the main road, extending from Ä°zmit to Anatolia, was leading to Iznik (Nikaea) and from there via Osmaneli (Lefke) was bifurcating through Ankara (Ancyra) and EskiÅŸehir (Dorylaion). Milestones, bridges and roads fitted with stones, still existent, have the evidences for this road nets. Sakarya River (Sangarios) was one of the obstacles in the proceeding of the road net reaching to Lefke surroundings. It was extremely hard to cross this ferocious river described as a hell by traveler Ibn Battuta. Romans had built enormous bridges to cross this obstacle dominating the main road. Even though none of these bridges reached today, their remnants have certain clues. The bridge, to which we refer, is located close to SelÃ§ik Village encountered at 3 kilometers far from and northwest of Osmaneli province. This bridge, following the milestones, is one of the most important points of main road extending to Anatolia. In this context we have determined another bridge remnant in the same place through our field research. This ultimate bridge, constructed by six arches, three of which is under the water, was devastated by this river. In this study, this bridge, having no records in literature, will be dealt with the road net surrounding it, and the remnants of this road net penetrating into Anatolia will, also, be examined.Keywords: Sangarius, The Pilgrimâ€™s Road, Roman Bridges, Lefke, Roman and Byzantine Roads
Association crafter approach with technology: Customized product design with 3d printer
Authors: Gedik Ebru , Toğay Abdullah
Published: January 2023

Before the industrial revolution, production had been taking place on the basis of craft, products had been designing and producing specifically to people. Ä°n time, diversifying and expanding consumer needs had led to the evolution of mechanical production to the production of hand. The mass production associated with the industrial revolution had made it possible to produce many of the same products and cheaply. Initially ,this new mode of production maked easier to be able to access the objects but eventually human beings covered with surrounding objects had led to emergance concept of â€œman-made worldâ€ and began to look for new ways to get rid of the uniformity of mass production. This quest had emerged the concept of "mass customization". Companies wishing to increase user satisfaction began to offer personalized services and products to users. However, this can be done within certain boundaries in the traditional manufacturing approach. Today, 3D printer, which is a revolution in the production technology, a new way to produce Customizing products. It becomes possible to produce custom designed products just a craftsman with sensitivity quickly. This study aims to investigate the relationship between 3d printer with customization and detection future application areas.Â Keywords: ProductÂ  design, 3d Â printer, MassÂ Â  production, Customization
Visual rhetoric in educational animations; An analysis on TED education Lessons
Authors: Ersan Merve Åženoymak
Published: January 2023

Today, developments in the field of computer technology have facilitated the application of animations in computer environment and also led to the widespread use of animation in the scope of computer-aided education. Educational animations engage the learners of all ages and make the learning experience enjoyable in many areas such as physics, chemistry, biology and social sciences. Thanks to the possibilities of animation, many concepts that might be difficult to learn with static images can be described very attractively and catchy. At this point, rhetorical figures can be applied to animations in order to increase the effectiveness of the messages. TED Education Lessons can be given as a successful example of educational animations in this field. TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) Education is a set of lessons run by a private non-profit foundation, under "Lessons worth sharing" slogan. These lessons are 3-10 minutes of educational and enjoyable animations, which are created with the collaboration of professional educators and animators. There are various animations on Ted Education webpage aim at learners starting from the age of primary school and higher. Through TED Education lessons, this research examines how education takes the advantage of animation and how animations benefit from the rhetorical figures.Keywords: Animation, visual rhetoric, rhetorical figures, educational animations, TED Education.Â
Impact of foreign direct investment inflows on environmental pollution in Turkey
Authors: Bayar Yilmaz
Published: January 2023

The globalization accelerated especially as of 1980s and the countries began to integrate global economy and remove the constraints on the flows of goods, services and capital. In this context, the developed countries partly shifted their environmentally hazardous production activities to the developing countries especially by means of foreign direct investments. This study investigates the impact of foreign direct investment inflows on the environmental pollution in Turkey during the period 1974-2010 by using Toda and Yamamoto (1995) causality test. We found that there was a bidirectional causality between foreign direct investment inflows and Â emissions.Keywords: Foreign direct investment inflows, Â emissions, causality analysis
Determinants of word-of-mouth communication and purchase intention of trade offices in kish Island (Case of Mica Mall)
Authors: Mobasserian Arezou , Jafari Afsaneh
Published: January 2023

Word of mouth (WOM) is becoming recognized as an important form of promotion and an important source of information influencing consumerâ€™s purchase behavior. The purpose is to survey the effect of WOM on touristcustomersâ€™ decision for purchasing Trade Offices of Mica Mall in Kish Island. Data was collected through a field research among 145 customers who have invested in Mika Mall offices, and the data were analyzed using correlation and structural equation modeling. The survey period was from Jun 2 to Jun 29, 2015. A questionnaire was provided for theories test by researcher. The validity and reliability of questionnaire was confirmed consequently by experts and Cronbach's Alpha by SPSS software. SEM was used for hypotheses testing. Two findings have been concluded in this survey. First, tie strength, source expertise, and reference group are the main antecedents of WOM seeking behavior. Second, WOM seeking behavior is the main determinant of purchase intention of Mika Mall trade offices. Managers should develop the completely understanding of WOM and try to stimulate WOM about trade offices among potential customers, because most customers are influenced by information which achieved from informal resources.Keywords: word-of-mouth, expertise, reference group, tie stnegth, purchase intention, mica mall
A policy analysis study: Family medicine
Authors: Akyurek Cagdas Erkan , Mutluer Esin , Arslan Deniz Tugay
Published: January 2023

Every single government which accepts the reality that â€œhealthy nations comprise of healthy citizensâ€ choose to make reforms in the healthcare systems that they are responsible to govern, in the frame of policies they have adopted. The most extensive action in the last 20 year of Turkish Republic in this context is Health Transformation Programme (HTP). â€œFamily Physician Modelâ€ is one the significant steps through the purpose of abolishing the obstacles in front of access to health care services, which is one of the main aims of HTP. In this study, it is aimed to present a critical perspective by revealing the main reasons to adopt family medicine as a fundamental political choice, taking a glance at the history of family medicine, examining the changes created by family medicine and giving place to the views of shareholders.Keywords: family physician, healthcare, health policies, primary health care services, policy analysisÂ
The determinants of high technology product export in brict countries: An econometric approach
Authors: Kizilkaya Oktay , Ay Ahmet , Sofuoğlu Emrah
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between R&D expenditures, patent acceptance, openness and high technology product export. For this purpose, using panel FMOLS method, we examined BRICT (Brasil, Russia, India, China, Turkey) countries over the period of 2000-2011. According to the results, in the long run, all variables have positive impact on high technolgy product export. In the light of the findings obtained from the analysis, we present some policy recommendations in the conclusion.

Keywords: HighTechnology Product Export, R&D, Panel FMOLS.
The role of brand awareness on brand image, perceived quality and effect on risk in create brand trust
Authors: CAKMAK Ismail
Published: January 2023

Brands mediate the meeting of business and consumers. This is the first step in getting that brand awareness is the first step that occurs when the same judgment. Businesses are trying to be positive in this first step. It must have tool for positive judgment of brand awareness for create a strong brand value. In this study, brand trust which quality and effect on risk and this effect to creating it in occurring consumer perceived will be explaining information generated by the brand awareness and brand image. For this purpose, a theoretical model was created. The study will be discussed and hypotheses sample set of smart phones, the scale will be used to cover all aspects are dealt with.Keywords: brand awareness, brand image, perceived quality, perceived risk, brand trust.
The comparison of the westernization process in ottoman and Russian empires
Authors: Cosgun Melih
Published: January 2023

The point of origin in the comparison of the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire were not as different from each other unlike the similarities. Both empires has chosen to shape with their own internal dynamics and enclosed social life over the years. In addition, they have taken samples the West as their model for modernization. These Empires have been described as â€œotherâ€ by Western because of â€œIslamâ€ in Ottoman Empire and â€œOrthodoxyâ€ in Russian Empire. Similar social patterns, political unrest and modernization moves has been the starting point of the study. The study referred to in the title of â€œcomparisonâ€ did not include the concept of the just determination of similarity. Although both empires have many similarities, there were many striking differences each other. The most obvious differences in etymologic, Ottoman bureaucracy designate modernization as â€œWesternizationâ€, other side Russian administrators named modernization as â€œEuropeanismâ€. Another notable element was observed in various economic lives. The transition to capitalism in the Ottoman Empire directed by external forces on the other hand, Russia gave direction to this transformation of its own volition. The purpose of study is to show the similarities and differences in the Ottoman and Russian modernization with using the comparative historical sociological method.Keywords: ottoman empire, russian empire, modernization, westernization, political life
Time management in Turkish nurses
Authors: Ançel Gülsüm , Yilmaz Yasemin
Published: January 2023

Time management is an essential skill for the employees who work in a busy health settings. This was descriptive study and the aim of this study is to determine the importance paid for time management in nursing. in Turkey. Data was collected by searching â€œUlakbim National Databases and Turkish Medline and 22 studies out of 365 were included in the assessment.. While studies which determine time usage show that nurses do not use their time efficiently, studies which measure time management skill,Â  time management skill of nurses or students is at medium-high level. In order to clarify this contradiction, much more studies should be carried out and apart from descriptive studies factors which effect use of time in working environment should be analyzed. This study shows that the issue of time management in nursing is not analyzed as a privileged issue in Turkey and there has not been study that would evaluate time management of nurses.Keywords: Nurse, student, time management, work sampling
First step of the eurasian integration
Authors: Mekebaeva Maigul , Mussatayev Seilbek , Omargazy Yergali , Nassimova Gulnar
Published: January 2023

In article the author analyzed the history of emergence and development of the Eurasian economic union, there are considered the problems of its functioning in the conditions of accession to the World Trade Organization. It should be noted that the Eurasian integration approached to important point in its history. At the beginning of the first year of functioning of the Union optimists and supporters of unconditional integration without any questions were prevailed. However, recently, many questions and problems have been accumulated. The most part of questions is connected with the results of the first year of functioning of Eurasian economic union, and also, how economic model of this union is equitable to national and economic interests of each country separately. Therefore the author having investigated integration processes within EEU, feature of competitive fight in EEU, the reason of contradictions, and also, consequences to which devaluation of ruble and tenge have led, the dumping prices in Russia which negatively influence the competitiveness of economies of Kazakhstan and Belarus, has tried to answer a question whether there is a prospect at the Eurasian economic union. Complex research of a present state and problems of functioning of EEU was carried out with an application of comparative and system analyses, the content analysis, event-analysis, SWOT analysis, etc. methods of the political science analysis. Article is written on the basis of reliable factual materials. Also more often researchers do not write the political aspect of the integration processes taking place in the Eurasian space. Though it is obvious, that exactly the political motivation is the most important argument for many supporters of economic integration.Key words: Eurasian economic union, Eurasian integration, political issue, competitiveness, economic security.
Use of Social Networks in Open and Distance Education: What Sociology Students Share?
Authors: Yuzer Tevfik Volkan , Firat Mehmet , Dincer Gokhan Deniz
Published: January 2023

Facebook, Twitter, forums, blogs, and Wikis are the leading social web applications. Social Web is one of the most active electronic learning systems. Therefore, learners are able to interact with other learners and influenced by these interaction. InMap, Wolfram Alpha and Facebook Insight are the examples of analytics supported Social Web applications. In this study, 12 different Facebook groups and fan page oriented Anadolu Univesity, Open Education Faculty, Sociology Program, were investigated. Posts, comments and answers on the fan pages and the groups are subjected for content analysis. Inductive content analysis was used for qualitative data collected. Qualitative data were given in tables, tables were separated into appropriate groups, codifying applied for related themes in the groups and major themes were acquired. In analysis of data, NVIVO package software was utilized. According to the results of the research, it was determined that students share mostly about exam services, lessons orientation and accreditation of the distance education program.Â Keywords: social web; open and distance education; social networks; content analysis; sociologyÂ
Ethics of natural family planning (NFP) vs ethics of contraception
Authors: ObelenienÄ— BirutÄ— , Narbekovas Andrius
Published: January 2023

The article analyses the moral difference between Natural Family Planning (NFP) and contraception. Problem Statement: Today one of the most frequently asked questions is the following: if contraception and NFP both have the same purpose of avoiding pregnancy, how can there be any moral difference between them. Moreover, people state that it does not make any difference which method is used, if the end and purpose are the same. In fact, proponents of contraceptives often argue that there is no moral difference between contraception and NFP and even treat NFP as a natural form of contraception. Purpose of the study: To disclose the ethical/moral difference between contraception and NFP. Research methods: Theoretical structural method was used for thorough understanding of human person as a bodily and sexual being. Comparative analysis was used to find the distinction between Christian anthropology and dualistic anthropology. Action assessment criteria were used to evaluate the difference between contraceptive action and contraceptive purpose. Findings: In order to show the moral difference between contraception and NFP, firstly thorough understanding of human person as a bodily and sexual being is given, the difference of the use of NFP and contraception in the aspect of human dignity is revealed, and then a distinction between a contraceptive action and a contraceptive will is drawn. Conclusion. The end or purpose of family planning does not make all of the various practices ethically the same. NFP is not a natural contraception; it is the ethical opposite.Â Keywords: Christian anthropology, dualistic anthropology; bodility; sexuality; natural family planning; contraceptive action; conjugal act.
What Role does the Teachersâ€™ Union in Wisconsin have on Student Achievement?
Authors: Happel Tracie
Published: January 2023

Wisconsin has had mandated membership in its teacherâ€™s union for all public school teachers since 1959. In 2010, Wisconsinâ€™s teachersâ€™ unions have been under discussion when the new governor came into office and signed Act 10 into law, which allowed all public school teachers to have a choice in membership. Much debate, discussion and furor has surrounded this legislation. The purpose of this paper considers the impact the teacherâ€™s union has had on student achievement according to unionized and non-union teachers and the state standardized assessment.Keywords: Wisconsin; teacherâ€™s union, student success; WKCE; non-union; student achievement; math; reading; 8th gradeÂ
Estimation of Vocational Training School (IEK) studentsâ€™ contentment in relation to quality of their studies
Authors: Anastasiadou Sofia D , Fotiadoub Xristina G. , Anastasiadisc Lazaros
Published: January 2023

The current paper tries to capture the notion of service quality in post-secondary educational institutions. Determining studentsâ€™ needs, expectations, satisfaction, contentment, and loyalty provides great service to the post-secondary educational institutions, while it puts forward the option to distinguish the strengths and weaknesses of these institutions and determine the areas that ought to be improved. Studentsâ€™ contentment and satisfaction goes beyond teachersâ€™ evaluation, which is a short sighted perspective, and includes wider concepts of studentsâ€™ learning experience. In this context, knowing the degree of satisfaction is not enough. What is somewhat significant is to figure out the factors contributing to this satisfaction (BC College & Institute Student Outcomes, 2003). The current survey tries at revealing the causes leading to IEK studentsâ€™ satisfaction or obstructing it. The study was carried out at IEK of West Macedonia, Greece and the research instrument used was SEVQUAL scale. It brings to light service quality dimensions using SEVQUAL scale in the framework of tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Furthermore, Correspondence Factorial Analysis was used for data analysis. Results relating to studentsâ€™ contentment and quality of studies were not encouraging. Finally, problems affecting the quality of studies came forward. The identification of these obstacles will be the basis for seeking for solution in the framework of continuous improvement in post-secondary education.Â Keywords: expectations; satisfaction; contentment; loyalty provides
Blended Learning and MyEnglishLab Application as a Powerful Tool Leading Towards Autonomy in the Process of Learning English Language Targeting and Activating Both Brain Hemispheres
Authors: Vymetalkova Danuse
Published: January 2023

The benefits of blended learning encouraging students to become more active, autonomous, selfâ€“esteemed and responsible for their own approach to learning and self-perception as a student are obvious. As educators we find student engagement in the process of learning as a key factor to exploitation of provided learning. Basically, the more student engagement there is, the better results occur. As we understand blended learning, it does not mean the reduction of a face-to-face and person-to-person contact time spent in a classroom, but at the same time it means a greater demand on engagement and participation of learners. Choosing the right tool for blended learning is also challenging, neglecting the fact that most of such tools meet demands to create, add or adjust the content to teacherÂ´s or course needs, which can be considered as highly professional and very time-consuming work. In the article we give reasons and show that MyEnglishLab application is the ideal combination of all requirements of an up-to-date blended tool combining mobility and accessibility on the one hand, and a highly attractive content customized with the paper printed materials (textbooks) on the other hand. MyEnglishLab activities and exercises, generally the content itself, provide such a wide range that stimulates either the right or left brain hemispheres. Our results with teaching adult learners at the University of Hradec Kralove show studentsÂ´ preferences of using logical thinking, i.e. activated left hemisphere. Since MyEnglishLab application appears as an open application, in the article we also discuss troubling language issues from the Czech studentÂ´s point of view, and we give examples of different exercises targeting and activating both brain hemispheres whose activation or cooperation significantly influence learnersÂ´ outcomes.Â Keywords: blended learning; MyEnglishLab; multimedia application; adult learners; graphs and puzzles
New Learning Environments for Street Children
Authors: Povian Cristina Maria , Dumitrescu Cristian
Published: January 2023

Despite many efforts and programs meant to improve the life and the access to education for children in need, the number of children living or working on the street is not decreasing.Â In order to rehabilitate and to reintegrate this category of children in society, we conducted studies in order to understand their needs and perceptions better. The tests we performed proved that the needs of a child who lives or lived on the street are totally different from those of other children and also there perception of the architectonical environment also. The aim of this article is to present the tests which were performed on four categories of children: children who were in an orphanage, children who are in a centre, street children and children form common families; and the results that prove the necessity of creating special learning and rehabilitation environments for children who live or lived on the street.
E-Learning for all. A cross border project for strengthening the overall capacities of the CSOs
Authors: Vrabie Catalin
Published: January 2023

This article aims to present an e-learning conceptual framework that will lead to strengthen the overall capacities and accountability of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs). It will also provide ways to guarantee the quality of services of CSOs as well as ways to build up a sustainable role of them in the democratic process through e-learning. CSOs in EU have a well-developed content for the capacity development and taking this into consideration, we will use some already implemented projects as good examples for the present study. An important component of those projects was the Capacity Development of CSOs, the main objective being to increase the capacity of CSO representatives. This was done by offering them new knowledge on contemporary methodologies and techniques as well as the opportunity for exchange and practical knowledge via the development and delivery of e-learning capacity building programmes. This encompasses regional and national trainings, regional and national conferences, development of educational materials and so on. What is important is the fact that critical thinking of CSOs is increasing mostly because of the applied e-learning and blended learning approaches to the trainings and capacity building programmes to the organizations. Many CSOs in EU conduct local/regional/country level training courses on topics of common interest. Manuals and training guides are being published as part of the initiative â€“ but are those of any good? Why not use electronic media to develop a set of basic training components to successfully reach the target audience? The value of this paper came from the research we have made among the e-learning projects implemented in Romania and Turkey, trying to find out if the objectives and the scopes have been fulfilled properly. The way we are going to do that, is by analysing the outputs of the projects we have implemented as partners or leaders, looking mostly to the dissemination plans.Â  Â  Â
NET Generation. Thinking outside the box by using online learning methods
Authors: TÃ®rziu Andreea-Maria , Vrabie CÄƒtÄƒlin I.
Published: January 2023

The main feature of the NET Generation is the fact that it is the first generation which â€œgrew up digitallyâ€. Young adults today are so immersed in bits that they perceive them as an integral part of their natural environment, thus developing and imposing their culture and beliefs to the rest of the society, specifically by using digital media. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to show the framework on which young people develop a creative and innovative thinking by using online methods of obtaining and sharing information. Approach: It shows the literature that focuses on online learning, with priority to the generationsâ€™ updated skills and abilities. Results: With their reflexes adjusted to todayâ€™s speed and freedom, these resourceful young persons are starting to transform all institutions of modern life, replacing a culture of control with one based on performance. Value: In this paper, we will see that technology has started to play a main role in the social evolution, but this fact will not necessarily lead to a better society. This does not mean that technology should be blamed, but the other way around â€“ in the digital world, there are sketched many developments that raise legit hopes in regard to the existence of new forms of human cohabitation and social interaction. It is required however, in this context, to place technology in a new economic, political and social framework.Â  Â  Â
The effect of leadership styles on professional learning community
Authors: Ariratana Wallapha , Sirisookslip Saowanee , Ngang Tang Keow
Published: January 2023

The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of school administratorsâ€™ leadership styles on professional learning community in those schools under jurisdiction of the Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, Thailand. A total of 3,012 samples consisted of school administrators and teachers were selected from a population of 27,459. A survey quantitative method was employed using questionnaire which was constructed by researchers as an instrument to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like frequency, percentage, mean score, standard deviation, correlation Pearson Product Moment Coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the study indicated that all five leadership styles of school administrator were at high level particularly supportive leadership style. However reward and punishment leadership style was found to be the most unpopular leadership style. On the other hand, all the aspects of professional learning community were found to be at high level too. The highest mean score was learning enhancement and information technology whereas the lowest mean score was team empowerment. Implementation of professional learning community was significantly affected by three types of leadership style at significant level of 0.01. The significant predictors of professional learning community were reward and punishment, directive, and charismatic leadership styles. The multiple regression coefficient was 0.836 and the predictive power was 69.9 per cent. Finally, this paper also provided recommendations and suggestions for future research.
A Comparison of Lexical Processing in Monolinguals and Bilinguals
Authors: Mergen Filiz , Kuruoglu Gulmira
Published: January 2023

Bilinguals have twice as many words in their mental lexicon as compared to monolinguals. There means that bilinguals are slower and less accurate in lexical processing when compared to monolinguals. This study investigates whether Turkish-English bilinguals (n= 48) differ from Turkish monolinguals (n= 53) in their perception of Turkish words. Both groups were instructed to decide if the visually presented Turkish words were either real words or nonwords in a lexical decision task Response times and the accuracy of the answers were recorded. In line with the results in the literature, it was shown that bilinguals were slower and less accurate than monolinguals in processing Turkish words. The results were discussed in the light of psycholinguistic models of lexical processing.
Application of latest Anglicisms in teaching RFL to increase motivation and adaptation of bilingual students
Authors: L Savilova S , V Serysheva Yu , E. Agab S. , A. Dolganina A.
Published: January 2023

Inconsistency of the vocabulary of study texts and of words students actually use in everyday communication should become the subject of study of teachers of Russian as a foreign language. The inclusion in the curriculum of student slang phrases allows revitalizing the educational process, giving it practical significance. The article analyzes the experience of the use of modern technologies in teaching Russian as a foreign language by instructors of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University. The paper presents an innovative way to work with Anglicisms at lessons of Russian as a foreign language, an attempt to catalog lexical units students use in online communication.
The power of metaphors in the educational discourse
Authors: Iordachescu Grigore-Dan , Popescu Teodora , Herteg Crina
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to analyse metaphors of power present in the educational discourse, with specific emphasis on the Romanian educational landscape. The research involved questionnaires and interviews with students preparing to become teachers, teacher trainees enrolled on the teacher education module at the University of Alba Iulia, Romania, with students of other disciplines and with beginning teachers. The insights into the educational discourse and the way in which different metaphors, used almost unawares by the different discourse participants have provided us with a deeper understanding of how our future, our career path, attitudes and ideals are shaped by the way in which teachers talk to us.
Maritime figurative and literal multiword terms in the ESP classroom: A blueprint
Authors: Molina-Plaza Silvia
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is two-fold: a) look into the socio-cultural background of the most common twenty five sub-technical multiword naval units in a pilot corpus of 250,000 words, some of them metaphorical & metonymic expressions (Kovecses, 2002; Wray 2002); b) study ten of these metaphorical units in their contexts of production (EU maritime discourse, textbooks and http://www.sailingscuttlebutt.com/news/04/ras/. Multiword units have been chosen with WORDSMITH TOOLS, regarding frequency of use a key factor. The conclusions point out that these multiword units are highly productive in oral and written maritime discourse and worthy of investigation. They reveal that both denotative (in terminological collocations) and evaluative meanings may be embedded in lexical-semantic structures. The lexicographical description of these collocations in learnerâ€™s dictionaries available in Maritime English ends with the recognition that development of collocations seems necessary if we are to witness some further progress forÂ  ESL learners in productive mode.Â
The Impact of Story Retelling on Intermediate Iranian EFL Learnersâ€™ learning of Grammar
Authors: Nezakatgoo Behzad , Alibakhshi Goudarz , Mezajin Sohrab Rezaei
Published: January 2023

It has been argued that story retelling can affect language learning. Despite the existence a number of studies on the impact of telling and retelling story on the EFL learnersâ€™ learning of different aspects of language, no one has ever investigated the impact of story retelling on intermediate Iranian EFL learnersâ€™ learning of grammar. This study aimed at investigating the impact of story retelling on intermediate Iranian EFL learnersâ€™ learning of grammar. In doing so, 60 male and female students were selected through convenience sampling. They were divided into two intact classes. The experimental classes were requested to retell the stories told by the teacher twice. After, they received 15 stories, all classes received a test on grammar. The data were analyzed through running independent sample t-tests. The results showed that experimental group outperformed the control group. Therefore, it could be argued that retelling has significant impact on EFL learnersâ€™ learning of grammar.Â Â Â Â Â
Lifelong education system in Russian tourism and hospitality: Models, technologies, context
Authors: Kolodij Natalia A. , Konyukhova Tatiana Vasil'evna , Kolodij Vjacheslav V. , Birjukov Dmitry K. , Filandysheva Larisa B.
Published: January 2023

Paper's goal is to elicit features of formation a lifelong education system in Russian tourist and hospitality industry. Internet resources monitoring of 30 organisations realizing programs in tourist and hospitality; 10 in-depth interviews with program heads are used as methods. The results show that the absence of a special division for coordinating programs; that the existing theory and methodology do not correspond to a problem of training competitive experts; incoordination of purposes and problems of programs and priorities of employers; absence of professional competences; non-standard-issue documentations; absence of the unified registering of documents of graduation prgrams. The current system has to be modernized. The principle of lifelong education has to be the basis for developing drivenness and responsibility, strengthening ability to adapt to the economic, social and professional transformations.

Keywords: Continuing education system, hospitality, tourism, supplementary vocational education.
Undergraduate studentsâ€™ views on academic dishonesty
Authors: Lepp Liina
Published: January 2023

Studies have shown that academic dishonesty is a complex and a growing problem worldwide. The aim of this study is to explain the personal philosophy and understandings of students about academic dishonesty. The research is based on semistructured interviews with 26 undergraduate students. The results of the study indicate that undergraduate students mostly regard academic dishonesty as cheating on exams and giving answers to their fellow students. Participants inter alia mentioned reasons regarding academic dishonesty the indifferent attitude of university teachers who, as if, prompt and encourage students to cheat and who themselves also provide a negative model for students. The reasons behind academic dishonesty are associated with the widespread use of it in comprehensive schools and the internet makes participating in academic dishonesty easier for students. To reduce academic dishonesty the following option is mentioned: students should be interested in and should try to acquaint themselves with teaching methods of the members of university teachers. Understanding how undergraduate students think about academic dishonesty and their attitudes towards it could help reduce incidences of academic dishonesty. Keywords: Academic dishonesty, plagiarism, undergraduate students, cheating, qualitative study.
Building vocational skill training center for unemployed women to eradicate the cycle of poverty in District Nowshera, Pakistan
Authors: Babar Alina , Ali  Babar Ashraf , Mansoor Khan Shahid , Ullah Qureshi Shabir
Published: January 2023

Vulnerable and unemployed women of Nowshera district have no opportunity in their region to create their own employment and sustainable livelihood in order to redeem themselves and their families, out of extreme poverty. Vocational training (VT) is expected to offer skills to uneducated and jobless women there. Vocational training is an essential tool for integrating special people in society and makes them a productive member of community. This paper presents findings of an exploratory study conducted on vocational Centerâ€™s of Nowshera district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Keywords: Vocational training, kills development, homeless women, uneducatedhusbands, poverty reduction,rural employment.
The European legislation on the education of migrant workersâ€™ children. A pedagogical reading
Authors: Sani Serena
Published: January 2023

Since the last decades of the twentieth century the gradual stabilization of the immigration phenomenon has created also a significant increase in family reunification and, as a result, a great number of foreign students in European schools. In this context, the European institutions have seen fit to adapt to the situation by setting up a legislative system aimed not only to guarantee the right to education for immigrant children and to receive an equal treatment with the respect to native children, but also to lead the EU member States to promote integration school policies. The aim of this paper is to assess â€“ through the examination of the laws and other official measures issued by the Council of Europe and the European Union â€“ several initiatives undertaken in the last decades by the European political institutions to encourage cooperation among the member countries and to foster a common line of action on integration and education of immigrant children. Keywords: Immigrant children, EU member States, integration school policies
The strengthening of communities through a variety of traditions and cultures
Authors: Intaprom Wacharin , Sinnang Panlayamon , Intaprom Wacharin
Published: January 2023

The purposes of this research were; 1) to study the state of strength of the community of Ban Sala Daeng Nue, Sam Khok,Pathumthani Province, 2) to study factors, elements and traditions of the community which strengthen the community of Ban Sala Daeng Nue, Sam Khok, Pathumthani Province, and 3) to create models to strengthen up the community through tradition and culture of the community. This research was a qualitative research. The research tools were document analysis and in -depth interviews. The key informants were the people, the community leaders (official and unofficial), the temple abbot, the executives of local government organization and the Pathumthani Cultural Officials. The data were collected and the information had been analyzed and interpreted in order to answer the research questions.Ban Sala Daeng Nue community is a strong community which has been projected through the community activities are numerous and consistent all year. The activity communities have gathered the people cooperation and experiencing success without reliance on government sector.Factors, elements and traditions of the community which strengthen the community of Ban Sala Daeng Nue are the belief and faith of the people in the Buddhism and the religious leaders. Therefore, the tradition and culture of the community activities that strengthen cultural traditions and religious activities is primarily through the main element that is community meetings after the evening prayer everyday.Models to strengthen the community is to create and enhance belief and faith of the people in the community through tradition and culture and social activities of the community. The community has to meet regularly for motivated cultural and participatory activities which cooperate from community will lead to a strong sense of community.Keywords: Strengthening of communities, variety of traditions and cultures.
Integration of the CAEx in the education (teaching) of the physical sciences in the Moroccan high school
Authors: Atibi Azzeddine , El Kababi Khadija , Radid Mohammed , Tridane Malika , Belaaouad Said
Published: January 2023

As in most parts of the country, the integration of the CAEx in the teaching of physical science in Moroccan high schools has  seen an important development during the past years. The decision to implement CAEx in Moroccan education was taken by the department since 2009. From the academic year 2012/2013 the CAEx is part of the program of the CRMEF (teaching training to be able to use it). As part of a systematic research on the design of practical work by teachers of physics-chemistry of Moroccan school, we realized the majority of the experiences of the textbook of the secondary cycle which was a barrier to students in the absence of the CAEx (principale of inertia, second Newtonâ€™s law, response of a RC dipole at a voltage level...etc) Aquestionnaire to trainee teachers and the teachers about the use and the contribution of the CAEx to the physical science teaching in Moroccan high school. The results of this study and their interpretation are presented in this article : The time savings, presentation of the values and more accurate results, make less effort to achieve its objectives.Keywords: CAEx, Experience,obstacle,Moroccan high school,teacher trainee/holder.
Difficulties encountered by the Moroccan high school students at the level of the modelling and the course of a chemical reaction
Authors: El Kababi Khadija , Atibi Azzeddine , Radid Mohammed , Benmassaoud Ahmed Adile
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to explore the various difficulties encountered by the Moroccan high schoolers (senior high) as they relate to the modelling of chemical reactions, microscopic concepts (electronic structure of atoms, valence band, valence electron...) and macroscopic (colour change, gas emission...) linked to the chemical reaction; hence the distinction between chemical transformation and physical transformation. All studies on this topic have shown that most learners still suffer from numerous unresolved difficulties in this area. The symbolic register of the balanced equation represents a chemical reaction; its reading can be done at a macroscopic level (observed phenomenon) and/or a microscopic level (interaction of particles, imagined phenomenon). The originality of our study consists of suggesting, for the first time, a progression between both the microscopic and macroscopic phenomena: Lewis structure (Lewis diagram of atoms and molecules), Gramâ€™s model, and spatial representation of simple molecules in order to reach a symbolization of a chemical reaction. Consequently, our study was successful in reducing the degree of difficulty of obstacles encountered by learners at the level of symbolization of a chemical reaction by 55% and the representations aligned with the concept of a chemical reaction by 65%.Keywords: Modeling, chemical reaction, microscopic level, macro-level, symbolization, Lewis diagram, spatial representation,Gram model, high school.
The role of loneliness in quality of life among children
Authors: Çalık Var Esra , Kilic Ceyhan Esra
Published: January 2023

Loneliness in children and adolescents is explained as an emotionally obtrusive experience arising from sadness and anxiety coming out of quantitative or qualitative deficiencies in social relationships of the child. Loneliness which is expression of general well-being and gratification obtained from life of individual as a whole effect the life quality of a child. In this research a cross-sectional and correlational study out of quantitative research methods was designed and conceptual model constituted in the direction of aim of research was examined by structural equation modeling. According to result of study,loneliness predict life quality negatively. This situation is quite important because social workers, psychological counselors,teachers and administrators would determine studentsâ€™ feelings of loneliness and would develop and implement programs for these children to establish deeper and more stable relationships with their friends and families.Keywords: Loneliness, life quality, structural equation model.
Behavioral indicators of innovators. A search protocol for a systematic literature review
Authors: Montero Fleta BegoÃ±a , JosePerez-Penalver MarÃ­a , Aznar-Mas Lourdes
Published: January 2023

Introducing greater innovation into the culture and capabilities of organizations worldwide, a requirement of todayâ€™s society,is an issue currently in need of scholarly attention. The present investigation is being undertaken within the context of FINCODA, a European Project involved in the development of new reliable tools for innovation competences assessment. The study aims at devising a search protocol for a systematic review of the literature on behavioral indicators of innovators published from 2000 onwards, indexed in Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The specific keywords used in the search include the following fields: (1) workplace; (2) innovative behaviour, innovative work behaviour and individual innovation; (3) indicators. A preliminary search with these keywords retrieved 1,350 references. Then, the process of filtering data by title and abstract to meet inclusive and exclusive criteria refined the search. The materials identified are expected to prove useful in the definition of behavioural indicators of innovative people at work. Moreover, they will help in the analysis of the relation of the descriptors found with the innovative indicators of a barometer created within a previous European Project, INCODE, and in the further design of a tool to measure employeesâ€™ innovation.

Keywords: Workplace, innovative behaviour,indicators.