bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Design of Power Plant Biomass in Isolated Are From National Electricty Company in Indonesia With Aplication of Tar Wet Scrubber and Filter Gas
Authors: Siregar Kiman , Alamsyah Rizal , Ichwana Ichwana , Sholihati Sholihati , Tou Saminuddin B.
Published: May 2020

Abstrak. Mesin gasifikasi bertujuan untuk menghasilkan gas mampu bakar (CO, H2, CH4).  Gas mampu bakar yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan fossil fuel untuk menjalankan gas engine. Namun gas mampu bakar yang dihasilkan tersebut mengandung tar (kotoran) yang masih tinggi, sehingga terjadi pengotoran filter engine dan mengakibatkan mesin tidak dapat dioperasikan dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendisain Mesin Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Biomassa (PLTBm) pada daerah terisolasi dari jaringan listrik PT.PLN (Persero) di Indonesia melalui aplikasi tar wet scrubber dan gas filter. Mesin gasifier yang dirancang berupa tipe downdraft dengan kapasitas terpasang 25 kW. Tambahan komponen rangkaian PLTBm yang dirancang adalah  tar wet scrubber, gas filter dan gas engine. Secara keseluruhan mesin PLTBm yang dirancang terdiri dari : (1)Tangki pengisian biomassa, (2)Tangki biomassa, (3)Reaktor tipe downdraft, (4)Cyclon, (5)Tar wet schrubber, (6)Water tank, (7)Gas filter, (8)Blower, (9)Gas engine kapasitas 25 kW, (10)Air inlet nozzle, (11)Connection pipe, (12)Termometer indicator, (13)Exhaust gas, (14)Pressure indicator. Pengurangan nilai tar selain menggunakan karbon aktif, juga menggunakan sistem perangkap kotoran gas (wet scrubber). Gasifier yang digunakan pada penelitian ini memiliki diameter reaktor 900 mm dan tinggi 1000 mm. Cyclon memiliki diameter 580 mm dengan tinggi 1766 mm. Gas filter memiliki panjang 700 mm, tinggi 700 mm dan lebar 700 mm. Tar wet scrubber terdiri dari 5 tabung (diameter tabung 300 mm) yang terangkai satu dengan yang lainnya dengan tujuan untuk menangkap tar yang masih terkandung dalam gas mampu bakar yang dihasilkan dari reaktor gasifikasi dengan dimensi total yaitu lebar 1750 mm dan tinggi 1300 mm.
Analisis Perubahan Kapasitas Simpan Air Pada DAS Krueng Meureubo, Aceh
Authors: Sirait Sudirman , Maryati Sri
Published: May 2020

Abstrak. Perubahan kapasitas simpan air pada suatu DAS dapat mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan antara ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air untuk kegiatan pertanian maupun non pertanian. Metode analisis neraca air merupakan suatu metode yang dapat mengetahui tingkat daya dukung suatu DAS terutama perubahan kapasitas simpan air untuk pengisian air tanah sehingga dapat memberikan rekomendasi upaya pengelolaan limpasan dan pengisian air tanah khususnya di wilayah DAS Krueng Meureubo yang terletak pada koordinat geografis 04°06'-04°36' LU dan 95°06'-96°58' BT. Selama periode tahun 2007-2016 proporsi penggunaan lahan hutan di wilayah DAS Krueng Meureubo mengalami penurunan sebesar 3,12% yaitu 55,10% pada tahun 2007 dan 51,97% pada tahun 2016. Adanya perubahan proporsi penggunaan lahan hutan mengakibatnya penurunan kapasitas simpan air dari 182,84 mm pada tahun 2007 menjadi 177,99 mm pada tahun 2016 dan meningkatnya limpasan dari 821,72 mm pada tahun 2007 menjadi 833,71 mm pada tahun 2016.Analysis of Water Storage Capacity at Krueng Meureubo Watershed, AcehAbstract.The water storage capacity in a watershed could lead to an imbalance between the availability and necessity of water for agricultural and non-agricultural activities. The water balance analysis method is a method that can know the level of carrying capacity of a watershed, especially in water storage capacity for groundwater recharge. Thereafter provide the recommendations for the management of run-off and groundwater recharge, especially in the area of Krueng Meureubo watershed located at geographic coordinates 04°06'-04°36' LU and 95°06'-96°58' BT. During the period of 2007-2016, the proportion of forest area in the Krueng Meureubo watershed area decreased by 3.12% ie 55.10% in 2007 and 51.97% in 2016. Changes in the proportion of forest area resulted in a decrease in water storage capacity from 182.84 mm in 2007 to 177.99 mm in 2016 and an increase in runoff from 821.72 mm in 2007 to 833.71 mm by 2016.
Modeling of Sapodilla Fruit (Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen) Terminal Velocity in Water
Authors: Andasuryani Andasuryani , Eka Putri Renny
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Terminal velocity is one of the hydrodynamic fruits properties that significant in the development of sorting equipment. The study aimed to determine terminal velocity of sapodilla which could be used while develop a sorter. The terminal velocity of sapodilla fruit was determined experimentally and empirically by considering the theory of KHAT 2. Experimental measurements were made by dropping the fruit into the water column, while the calculations were empirically considering the parameters of physical properties such as differences in density between fruit and water, volume and shape factor. The results showed that the obtained model was vt = 165.370 (ρf -ρw) 0.026 V 0.813 Sh0+ 0.070. The model has maximized the value of R2, minimizing the RMSE value and reducing the chi-square value which were 0.9046, 0.008 and 7.300E-05, respectively. Volume was the most effective parameter while determining terminal velocity of sapodilla fruit. Pemodelan Kecepatan Terminal Buah Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen) Pada di Air Abstrak. Kecepatan terminal adalah salah satu sifat buah hidrodinamik yang signifikan dalam pengembangan peralatan penyortiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kecepatan terminal sapodilla yang dapat digunakan saat mengembangkan penyortir. Kecepatan terminal buah sawo ditentukan secara eksperimen dan empiris dengan mempertimbangkan teori KHAT 2. Pengukuran eksperimental dilakukan dengan menjatuhkan buah ke kolom air, sedangkan perhitungan secara empiris mempertimbangkan parameter sifat fisik seperti perbedaan kepadatan antara buah dan faktor air, volume dan bentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang diperoleh adalah vt = 165.370 (ρf -ρw) 0,026 V 0,813 Sh0 + 0,070. Model ini telah memaksimalkan nilai R2, meminimalkan nilai RMSE dan mengurangi nilai chi-square yang masing-masing adalah 0,9046, 0,008 dan 7,300E-05. Volume adalah parameter yang paling efektif saat menentukan kecepatan terminal buah sawo.
Kajian Penggunaan Katalis KOH pada Pembuatan Biodiesel Menggunakan Reverse Flow Biodiesel Reactor secara Batch
Authors: Furqon Furqon , Nugroho Arief Kelik , Anshorulloh Muhammad Kholid
Published: May 2020

Abstrak. Biodiesel terbuat dari minyak nabati melalui proses transesterifikasi. Salah satu faktor untuk memudahkan transesterifikasi adalah penggunaan katalis dalam proses reaksinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan konsentrasi katalis KOH (0,1%; 0,3%; 0,5%) pada suhu reaksi 450C dengan menggunakan reverse flow biodiesel reactor secara batch. Percobaan pada setiap konsentrasi dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini meliputi kualitas biodiesel yang dihasilkan yang terdiri dari: kadar metil ester, angka penyabunan, angka asam, dan gliserol total. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka asam, gliserol total pada konsentrasi KOH 0,5% dan angka penyabunan metil ester (biodiesel) memenuhi syarat SNI biodiesel. Kadar metil ester pada masing-masing konsentrasi katalis KOH didapatkan berturut-turut adalah 96,6%, 96,6%, dan 97,5% sehingga memenuhi yang dipersyaratkan dalam SNI-04-7182-2015 yaitu sebesar 96,5%.  Study of Using KOH Catalyst on Biodiesel Production Using Reverse Flow Biodiesel Batch Reactor Abstract. Biodiesel is made from vegetable oil through a transesterification process. Presence of catalyst is one of factor to succeed the transesterification process The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of KOH catalyst concentration (0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5%) with reaction temperature 450C by using reverse flow biodiesel batch reactor. Experiments at each concentration were carried out 3 times. The variables measured in this study include the resulting biodiesel quality which consist of: methyl ester content, saponification number, acid number, and total glycerol. Obtained data were then analyzed with descriptive analysis. The results showed the acid number, total glycerol at 0.5% KOH concentration and saponification number fulfilled the SNI biodiesel requirements. Methyl ester contents at each KOH catalyst concentration were obtained 96.6%, 96.6%, and 97.5% respectively, so that it fulfills what is required in SNI-04-7182-2015 which is equal to 96.5%.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Membran Untuk Regenerasi Refrigeran Dari Absorber Pada Sistem Pendingin Absorpsi Lithium Bromide-H2O
Authors: Rudiyanto Bayu
Published: May 2020

Abstrak. Sistem pendingin absorpsi  mempunyai karakteristik yaitu untuk menghasilkan siklus pendinginan tidak menggunakan kompresor tetapi menggunakan energi panas. Pemanfaatan energi tingkat rendah atau panas untuk proses regenerasi pada generator tidak semua bisa dimanfaatkan bila temperatur kurang dari 85 °C. Oleh karena itu perlu dicari alternatif proses  untuk memisahkan antara refrigeran dan absorban tanpa penggunaan panas yang tinggi. Salah satu teknik pemisahan yang sedang berkembang saat ini adalah teknologi membran, dimana prinsip kerjanya adalah dengan memindahkan pelarut dari larutan encer menjadi larutan pekat (strong solution). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tekanan operasi sebesar 7 bar  menunjukkan tingkat faktor rejeksi yang paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 0,96 tetapi massa fluks yang dihasilkan adalah paling rendah jika dibandingkan dengan tekanan operasi 7,2 bar dan 7,4 bar.  Tekanan 7 bar dengan tingkat rejeksi 0.96 akan menghasilkan waktu pendinginan yang lama, selain itu tingkat faktor rejeksi akan berakibat besarnya beda tekanan uap antara ruang evaporator dan absorber yang akan mempengaruhi temperatur terendah yang dicapai. Utilization Potential Of Membrane For Regeneration Refrigerant From Absorber On  Lithium Bromide Absorption-H2O Cooling System Abstract. The absorption refrigeration system has the characteristic is to produce cycle cooling not using compressor but using thermal energy. Utilization of low-level energy or heat to the regeneration process in the generator, not all can be used when the temperature is less than 85 ° C. So it is necessary to find an alternative process for separating between the refrigerant and absorbent to help or do not use high heat. One of the emerging separation technique today is the membrane technology. The working principle of membrane technology in the separation solution is to remove the solvent from weak solution to strong solution. The results showed that the operating pressure of 7 bar indicates the level of the highest rejection factor is equal to 0.96 but the resulting mass flux is low when compared to the operating pressure of 7.2 bar and 7.4 bar. Pressure of 7 bar with a rejection rate of 0.96 will result in a longer cooling time, otherwise it will result in rejection factor levels vapor pressure difference between the evaporator and the absorber chamber that will affect the lowest temperature attained.
Efisiensi Penyaluran Air Irigasi BKA Kn 16 Lam Raya Daerah Irigasi Krueng Aceh
Authors: Bancin Andriani Asarah , Jayanti Dewi Sri , Ferijal T.
Published: May 2020

Abstrak. Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Krueng Aceh memiliki jaringan irigasi permukaan teknis untuk mengairi 7.450 ha lahan sawah di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Peningkatan tekanan pada sumber daya air yang tersedia untuk irigasi dan kebutuhan lainnya, terutama selama musim kemarau, membutuhkan jaringan irigasi yang memiliki efisiensi yang tinggi untuk menyalirkan air irigasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyaluran dan jumlah kehilangan air di saluran sekunder dan tersier dari jaringan irigasi pilihan yaitu Jaringan Lam Raya.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi penyaluran rata-rata untuk BKA Kn 16 Lam Raya adalah 52,47%. Rata-rata kehilangan air dan efesiensi penyaluran air di saluran sekunder berturut-turut adalah 0.048 m3/dtk dan 81,11%. Kehilangan tersebut disebabkan oleh penguapan 2,73 x 10-7 m3/dtk, rembesan 0,00212 m3/dtk dan faktor lainnya 0,04548 m3/dtk. Kehilangan air rata-rata di saluran tersier adalah 0.01 m3/dtk yang merupakan kehilangan akibat adanya penguapan 5,046 x 10-8 m3/dtk, rembesan 0,00033m3/dtk dan faktor lainnya 0,00994 m3/dtk. Hal tersebut menyebabkan efisiensi penyaluran air di saluran tersier sekitar 71,88%. Namun, kinerja jaringan irigasi masih dikategorikan baik karena memiliki efisiensi penyaluran air yang lebih besar dari 60%. Kehilangan air di saluran tersier sebagian besar disebabkan oleh banyak bagian dinding dan dasar saluran yang rusak, dan adanya vegetasi dan sedimen pada saluran yang memperlambat aliran air. Conveyance Efficiency Of Irrigation Water At BKA Kn 16 Lam Raya Krueng Aceh Irrigation Area Abstract. Krueng Aceh Watershed has technical surface irrigation network to irrigate 7.450 ha of paddy fields in Aceh Besar District. Increasing pressure on available water resources for irrigation and other needs, particularly during dry season, requires an irrigation network having a higher level of efficiency to deliver irrigation water. This study aims to determine the delivery efficiencies and amount of water loss in secondary and tertiary channels of selected irrigation network. Lam Raya network was selected for the study area. Results showed that average delivery efficiency for BKA Kn 16 Lam Raya was 52.47%. The average water loss and water delivery efficiency in secondary channel were 0,048 and 81,11%, respectively. The loss was caused by evaporation 2.73 x 10-7 m3/s, seepage 0.00212 m3/s and other factors 0.04548 m3/s. The average water loss in tertiary channels was 0,01 m3/s contributed by losses from evaporation 5.046 x 10-8 m3/s, seepage 0.00033 m3/s and other factors 0.00994 m3/s. It caused tertiary channel's water delivery efficiency was approximately 71,88%. However, performance of irrigation network was classified as good since it has water delivery efficiency greater than 60%.  Water loss in tertiary channel largely due to many parts of wall and base of the channels were broken, and the presence of vegetation and sediment in the channel slowed the water flow.
Novel Display and Control for IoT-Based Home Automation
Authors: Steane Tyler Nicholas Edward , Radcliffe PJ
Published: May 2020

Home automation systems have long been dependent on a permanent central controller, which has many problems, but a significant barrier to eliminating this controller is its ability to supply user interfaces to display the status of devices and control them. This paper proposes a novel protocol which allows any device or several devices, such as a smartphone, to control many devices from any manufacturer in one application in a plug-and-play manner without a central controller. Current approaches to home automation do not offer this functionality, requiring many applications from many manufacturers. The proposed novel protocol uses a standardised dictionary of UI elements and a minimalist XML device description that describes not only the UI layout for a device but also the device’s capabilities and the control procedures for the device. This light-weight all-in-one XML description is a novel combination of display, capabilities, and control and is ideal for the highly contested domestic 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi space. This is achieved without the need for a permanent central controller or an Internet connection and together with other protocols allows the elimination of the permanent central controller.
The NBN Futures Forum: Learning from International Experience
Authors: Campbell Leith H
Published: May 2020

On 25 February 2020, TelSoc hosted the third NBN Futures Forum in Melbourne on the theme of learning from international experience for Australia’s National Broadband Network. Three speakers discussed various aspects of the topic, including comparisons via league tables, the experience in New Zealand, and the need for good broadband to participate in the global economy. Discussion following the speeches brought out a need to understand the range of demands for broadband from a variety of end users and industrial applications.
The Telephony Engineering History of Western Australia from 1887 to 1987
Authors: Moorhead Simon
Published: May 2020

A historic paper from 1991 which details the development of the public telephone system of Western Australia between 1887 and 1987.
Folklore Music on Romanian TV
Authors: Urdea Alexandra
Published: May 2020

Music genres rooted in folklore have often been interpreted as ideological manoeuvres to forge a sense of national identity (Gordy, Mihailescu, Baker, Cash). This article explores formalized folklore performances of muzică populară as forms ‘media rituals’ (Couldry), and focuses on the role that television has played in establishing the genre as we know it today. It analyses the link between muzică populară as rooted in mass participation activities during communism, and ‘media rituals’ as framed on television (Couldry), indiscriminately and democratically involving the entire population that it addresses (and is available beyond that).
Exploring Transnational Media Exchange in the 1960s
Authors: Gumbert Heather
Published: May 2020

This paper uses the history of the East German television service (DFF) to examine the emergence and implications of the international exchange of television content in the 1960s.
Comparing Socialist and Post-Socialist Television Culture
Authors: Peruško Zrinjka , Čuvalo Antonija
Published: May 2020

This article builds a theoretical model for comparative analysis of media culture based on the notion of genre, and applies it to a comparative analysis of television as a cultural form in socialist and post-socialist Croatia. The paper explores how the shares and generic composition of program modes of information, entertainment and fiction change in time, and how the contribution of different genres to program flow and modes varies with the changes of political, economic and technological context. Longitudinal trends in television flows are comparatively evaluated in relation to trends in genre developments in Europe and their relationship to the changes in the cultural role of television. The results show a decrease in the information and an increase in the fiction mode between socialism and democracy, with some similarities of the Croatian and western television culture in relation to genre and mode composition and flow, albeit with a belated introduction of neo television genres. Notwithstanding the limited freedom of expression and ideological content, which necessarily influenced socialist media culture, television as a cultural form in Croatia developed in concert with the global program flows. The article is based on original content analysis of television schedules where the unit of analysis is a televisions program listing. The analogue television universe is represented by longitudinal data for 1959, 1969, 1979, 1989, 1999, and 2009. The stratified systematic sample (N=3934) for each chosen year consists of two constructed weeks from a universe of all listed programs broadcast on all free to air television channels with a national reach license.
Prawo dziecka do wychowania w prawodawstwie Kościoła łacińskiego z elementami prawa polskiego
Authors: Pereta Martyna
Published: May 2020

Prawo dziecka do wychowania stanowi szczególną troskę Kościoła. Wskazuje na to chociażby liczba kanonów odnoszących się do dzieci. Dziecko jest podmiotem wychowania. Posiada niezbywalne prawo do wychowania z uwagi na przyrodzoną godność. Rodzice, ponieważ dali dzieciom życie, mają najcięższy obowiązek jego wychowania. W małżeństwach mieszanych należy uświadamiać nupturientów o zobowiązaniach w zakresie katolickiego wychowania potomstwa. Rodzice powinni wprowadzić dzieci w życie sakramentalne. Religijność rodziców przekłada się na późniejszy rozwój dziecka oraz jego funkcjonowanie w społeczeństwie. Prawo dziecka do wychowania zabezpieczają instytucje, których zadaniem jest wspieranie rodziców i wzmocnienie ochrony prawnej w tym zakresie. Rodzice nie powinni swoich obowiązków względem potomstwa przerzucać na instytucje i inne wspólnoty. Jest oczywiste, że ustawodawca prawo dziecka uważa za rzecz na tyle naturalną, że zrezygnował z uregulowania tego zagadnienia w formie przepisu.
La gobernabilidad en tiempos del COVID 19: una mirada desde Europa y Sudamérica
Authors: DiGiacomo Alejandro
Published: May 2020

Un virus de origen animal se ensañó con todo. Devoró vidas, hirió economías, desnudó las carencias de los sistemas sanitarios, evidenció la falta de respuestas y las contradicciones de muchos gobiernos y hasta planteó interrogantes sobre la libertad individual y el bien común. La pandemia por COVID-19 subrayó la importancia de criterios de gobernabilidad regional hoy debilitados, aunque necesarios para nivelar intereses nacionales herméticos, que derivan en desequilibrios e inequidades. Cuestionamiento que no sólo emergieron en la empobrecida y carente Sudamérica, sino también en la Unión Europea. El trabajo pretende un sobrevuelo por esos hechos recientes para, en medio de lo abrumador y lo trágico de la circunstancia, avivar nuevas reflexiones.
En torno a los antecedentes de la distribución de la tierra en el México Central. Cuestión social e ideología liberal. 1906-1909.
Authors: Torres Mariano Enrique
Published: May 2020

Este ensayo explora la venta en pequeñas fracciones de terrenos nacionales y de algunas propiedades privadas en los Estados de Tlaxcala y Puebla, localizados en el Altiplano central mexicano. En este proceso se percibe claramente una distribución territorial por parte de los gobiernos de estos estados que contrasta con la tendencia a la concentración de la gran propiedad y despojo de los pueblos campesinos señalada en la circulación de ideas que tuvo lugar antes de la renuncia del General Porfirio Díaz a la presidencia de la república mexicana el 25 de mayo de 1911 que puso fin a su largo periodo de gobierno. Así mismo, la evidencia empírica en las entidades mencionadas coincide con los resultados de la tesis doctoral sobre esta misma cuestión y época para el caso del Estado de Aguascalientes. Los registros conservados en los archivos notariales que dan cuenta de las ventas de predios agrícolas en fracciones, permiten matizar lo que siempre se había visto como una tendencia unilateral hacia la concentración de la propiedad agrícola apropiándose de las tierras de los pueblos. Sin negar que existan evidencias de esta lucha por el espacio rural en algunas regiones, encontramos un proceso más complejo: la simultánea expansión de la pequeña propiedad a partir de la venta de tierras nacionales y el fraccionamiento de fincas mayores, varios años antes de la movilización política de 1910.
La perplejidad del sentido
Authors: Belmes Paula Muriel
Published: May 2020

En este ensayo nos proponemos revisitar un tema que ha estado presente en la sociología desde sus orígenes: el tema del sentido. Entendemos que una manera de acceso a esta problemática puede ser la reflexión acerca del imperativo cultural que supone que toda sociedad necesita ineludiblemente producir un conjunto de significados validados que actúen como modo hegemónico de sentido y que permita a los sujetos relacionarse entre sí y con el mundo. Ese conjunto de significados, además, presupone la existencia de unos sujetos que, ya por cualidades intrínsecas, ya por posición social, sean los portadores, portavoces, transmisores, productores, reproductores y/o transformadores de esos significados dadores de sentido.  Son múltiples las voces que desde distintos ámbitos, se han pronunciado sobre esta problemática pero nos enfocaremos en una propuesta en particular, la del sociólogo Daniel Bell quien nos desafía a movernos hacia otros puntos de vista al sugerir que el sentido se va fragmentando en esferas autónomas y esa autonomía podría ser la fuente de la perplejidad.
A Rare Case of Spontaneous Intrauterine Skull Fracture
Authors: Dória Mariana , Viveiros Catarina , Rodrigues Lia Rodrigues e , Soares Fátima
Published: May 2020

Skull fractures are rare in newborns and normally caused by maternal abdominal trauma or complicated deliveries. However, in rare cases, these fractures are found in neonates born after an uneventful pregnancy and delivery. We report a case of a primigravida who underwent cesarean delivery due to failure of descent and malpositioning of the fetal head. After birth, a right temporoparietal fracture and congenital muscular torticollis were diagnosed. The newborn’s blood tests showed hypocalcemia and relative hypoparathyroidism. Both mother and newborn presented low vitamin D levels. Serial imaging control showed gradual resolution of the lesions, with the newborn being discharged at the 10th day of life with vitamin D supplementation. This is an interesting case because the combination of three conditions - maternal and fetal hypovitaminosis D, congenital torticollis and malposition of the cephalic pole during labor – may have synergistically contributed to a spontaneous intrauterine skull fracture.
Lexicon-Based Indonesian Local Language Abusive Words Dictionary to Detect Hate Speech in Social Media
Authors: Hayaty Mardhiya , Adi Sumarni , Hartanto Anggit Dwi
Published: May 2020

Background: Hate speech is an expression to someone or a group of people that contain feelings of hate and/or anger at people or groups. On social media users are free to express themselves by writing harsh words and share them with a group of people so that it triggers separations and conflicts between groups. Currently, research has been conducted by several experts to detect hate speech in social media namely machine learning-based and lexicon-based, but the machine learning approach has a weakness namely the manual labelling process by an annotator in separating positive, negative or neutral opinions takes time long and tiringObjective: This study aims to produce a dictionary containing abusive words from local languages in Indonesia. Lexicon-base is very dependent on the language contained in dictionary words. Indonesia has thousands of tribes with 2500 local languages, and 80% of the population of Indonesia use local languages in communication, with the result that a significant challenge to detect hate speech of social media.Methods: Abusive words surveys are conducted by using proportionate stratified random sampling techniques in 4 major tribes on the island of Java, namely Betawi, Sundanese, Javanese, MadureseResults: The experimental results produce 250 abusive words dictionary from 4 major Indonesian tribes to detect hate speech in Indonesian social media by using the lexicon-based approach. Conclusion: A stratified random sampling technique has been conducted in 4 major Indonesian tribes to produce 250 abusive words for hate speech detection using the lexicon-based approach.
Penjor in Hindu Communities: A symbolic phrases of relations between human to human, to environment, and to God
Authors: Arjawa I Gst. Pt. Bagus Suka , Jayantiari I Gst. Agung Mas Rwa
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article was to observe the development of the social meaning derived from penjor (bamboo decorated with flowers as an expression of thanks to God) for the Balinese Hindus. In the beginning, the meaning of penjor serves as a symbol of Mount Agung, and it developed as a human wisdom symbol. This research was conducted in Badung and Tabanan Regency, Bali using a qualitative method. The time scope of this research was not only on the Galungan and Kuningan holy days, where the penjor most commonly used in society. It also used on the other holy days, including when people hold the caru (offerings to the holy sacrifice) ceremony, in the temple, or any other ceremonial place and it is also displayed at competition events. The methods used were hermeneutics and verstehen. These methods served as a tool for the researcher to use to interpret both the phenomena and sentences involved. The results of this research show that the penjor has various meanings. It does not only serve as a symbol of Mount Agung and human wisdom; and it also symbolizes gratefulness because of God’s generosity and human happiness and cheerfulness. Penjor is a Tri Hita Karana (harmonious relationship between humans, humans with the environment, and humans with God) symbol.
Valores pessoais e significados atribuídos ao trabalho por concludentes de administração pública
Authors: Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida , Lima Alexandre Oliveira , Sousa Antonia Marcia Rodrigues
Published: May 2020

A pesquisa parte da questão: como os significados atribuídos ao trabalho, em função das expectativas advindas com o termino do curso, refletem valores pessoais de discentes de administração pública? Para tanto, foram analisadas 23 entrevistas com concludentes de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do Ceará. As categorias analíticas e empíricas que balizam o estudo são os valores pessoais, em seus dois polos (Abertura a Mudança versus Conservadorismo e Autotranscedência versus Autopromoção) e Significados do trabalho (Auto-expressão, Desgaste e desumanização, Responsabilidade, Recompensas e independência econômica e Condições materiais). Em torno de expectativas da transição para vida adulta, o Contexto de vida agregou seis códigos (Desafios, Dignidade, Existência humana, Honestidade, Responsabilidade e Flexibilidade). Em relação à transição Universidade-Mercado de trabalho, o Contexto de trabalho reuniu seis códigos (Competências, Equipe, Qualidade de vida, Justiça distributiva, Reconhecimento e Qualificação). Foram codificadas expectativas de recompensa emocional e financeira (Instrumentalidade), e preocupações em torno da Sociedade, em atenção ao Desenvolvimento econômico e social, às Normas sociais e ao Altruísmo. Constatou-se maior relação entre significações e valores de autopromoção, ao passo que recompensa emocional, contexto de trabalho e de vida apontam necessidades de realização e experiências efetivo-emocionais no trabalho. O valor segurança reflete um importante volume de citações, ao passo que a conclusão do curso suscita preocupações relacionadas à estabilidade financeira e de como projetos de vida-trabalho podem garantir subsistência.
The Influence of Cooperative Learning Model Type Group Investigation Toward Results of Learning Science Materials of Students
Authors: Haryono Heny Ekawati
Published: May 2020

Student learning outcomes are still low due to the use of learning models that are less varied. Therefore, researchers apply the cooperative learning model type group investigation in learning science. This study aims to describe the influence of the cooperative learning model type group investigation on the learning outcomes of science materials in the fifth grade students of SDN 1 Banjarejo. This type of research used is quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group design. The sample of this research is the VB class SDN 1 Banjarejo experimental class and class V SDN 1 Banjarejo as the control class. Data collection techniques for learning outcomes use multiple choice tests and descriptions. Learning outcomes data were analyzed by independent t-test and gain test. The results of the analysis of the pretest data showed that there was no difference in the average pretest score between the two samples. The results of posttest data analysis showed that there were differences in the average posttest scores of the experimental and control classes, with the difference in the average experimental class being higher at 5.50. Large increase in the average normalized gain in the experimental class by 0.41 (medium), while in the control class by 0.29 (low). These results provide the conclusion that the cooperative learning model type group investigation has a significant and positive influence on science learning outcomes in elementary students.
Validity of a Coastal Environments-Based Physics Learning Module on the Theme of Temperature and Heat
Authors: Irawan Deni , Prihandono Trapsilo , Nuraini Lailatul
Published: May 2020

Researchers have developed the coastal environments-based physics learning module. One of the quality modules developed can be seen from its validity. This research aims to describe the validity of the coastal environments-based physics learning module on the theme temperature and heat. The technique of collecting data is used a validation sheet by four validators, namely two as expert validators and two as validator practitioners. The validity aspects of the experts assessed are construct, content, and language. Aspects of validity seen from practitioners are relevance, accuracy, readability, and language. The criteria for stating the quality of the physics module developed in each component consist of four evaluations, 1) invalid, 2) less valid, 3) valid, 4) very valid. The results of this research indicated that the expert validity was 3.38 with a very valid category; also that practitioner validity is 3.64 with a very valid category. Thus, a physics learning module insight the coastal environment could be used in learning to observe aspects of quality from other aspects such as practicality and effectiveness.
Pengembangan Modul Elektronik Berbasis Real Life Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Analisis Siswa SMK
Authors: Maisaroh Maisaroh , Mayasari Tantri , Sasono Mislan
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini memaparkan pengembangan modul elektronik berbasis real life learning dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas modul elektronik berbasis real life learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan analisis dan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pendapat siswa terhadap penerapan modul elektronik berbasis real life learning. Metode penelitian mengunakan research dan development dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Modul diujicobakan pada 25 siswa untuk mengetahui efektifitas modul dalam meningkatkan kemampuan analisis siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan diantaranya lembar validasi ahli, tes tulis kemampuan analisis, dan angket respon siswa. Analisis data berupa uji beda N-gain untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir analisis siswa, CVR dan CVI untuk mengetahui hasil validasi ahli, dan hasil respon siswa mengunakan rumus persentase. Hasil CVI pada validasi ahli sebesar 1 dengan kategori layak dan N-gain tes soal kemampuan berpikir analisis menunjukkan 0,57 dengan kategori sedang, dan hasil respon siswa menunjukkan 80,17 % dengan kategori sangat layak. Simpulan adalah penerapan modul elektronik berbasis real life learning efektif meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analisis pada materi usaha dan energi.
Impact of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Cardiometabolic Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Patti Angelo Maria , Rizvi Ali A , Giglio Rosaria Vincenza , Stoian Anca Pantea , Ligi Daniela , Mannello Ferdinando
Published: May 2020

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease. Contributing pathophysiologic factors include endothelial dysfunction caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased activity of nuclear factor kB (NFkB), altered macrophage polarization, and reduced synthesis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). Consequently, there can be a potentially rapid progression of the atherosclerotic disease with a higher propensity to unstable plaque, leading to increased cardiovascular mortality. Management is aimed at prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of hyperglycemia and vascular complications. Innovative therapeutic approaches for T2DM seek to customize the antidiabetic treatment to each patient in order to optimize glucose-lowering effects, minimize hypoglycemia and adverse effects, and prevent cardiovascular events. The newer drugs (Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, GLP-1 RAs; Sodium GLucose coTransporter-2 inhibitors, SGLT2is; DiPeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors, DPP4is) impact body weight, lipid parameters, and blood pressure, as well as endothelial function, inflammatory markers, markers of oxidative stress, and subclinical atherosclerosis. The present review summarizes the results of trials that evaluated the cardiovascular safety of these drugs and found them to be safe from the CV standpoint.
Data Forensic Determination of the Accuracy of International COVID-19 Reporting: Using Zipf's Law for Pandemic Investigation
Authors: Iorliam Aamo , Ho Anthony T.S. , Tirunagari Santosh , Windridge David
Published: May 2020

Severe outbreaks of infectious disease occur throughout the world with some reaching the level of an international pandemic: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is the most recent to do so. As such pandemics cause extensive loss of lives, hamper industrial operations, and cause economic losses in both developing and developed countries, it is critical to establish common standards of accuracy in the determination and reporting of cases. In particular, there are current concerns that countries are hiding or incorrectly reporting cases of COVID-19. In this paper, we set out a mechanism for using Zipf's law to establish the accuracy of international reporting of COVID-19 cases via a determination of whether an individual country's COVID-19 reporting follows a power-law for confirmed, recovered, and death cases. We observe that the probability of Zipf's law (P-values) for COVID-19 confirmed cases show that Uzbekistan has the highest P-value of 0.940, followed by Belize (0.929), and Qatar (0.897). For COVID-19 recovered cases, Iraq had the highest P-value of 0.901, followed by New Zealand (0.888), and Austria (0.884). Furthermore, for COVID-19 death cases, Bosnia and Herzegovina had the highest P-value of 0.874, followed by Lithuania (0.843), and Morocco (0.825). China, where the COVID-19 pandemic began, is a significant outlier in recording P-values lower than 0.1 for the confirmed, recovered, and death cases. This raises important questions, not only for China but also any country whose data exhibits P-values below this threshold. The main application of this work is to serve as an early warning for the World Health Organization (WHO) and other health regulatory bodies to perform more investigations in countries where COVID-19 datasets deviate significantly from Zipf's law. To this end, we also provide a tool for illustrating Zipf's law P-values on a global map in order to report anomalies.
A Novel System Analysis Methodology: Transform Method, Relation Spectrum, and System Filter
Authors: Liu Gang , Wang Jing
Published: May 2020

We have presented a controllable and human-readable polynomial neural network (CR-PNN) that is the first human-readable neural network. One can imagine its influence on system identification. Subsequently, we developed a relation spectrum in a medical application, which is likely to stand alongside the Fourier spectrum. However, the system analysis methodology is incomplete in contrast to signal processing methodology. Here, we presented the system filters for the first time. In this paper, we used the simulation system to verify the availability of the system analysis methodology. The system analysis methodology showed great properties in system identification and filter. The contribution of this paper is the system analysis methodology: transform method (CR-PNN), relation spectrum, and system filter design.
Immunotherapies and Metastatic Cancers: Understanding Utility and Predictivity of Human Immune Cell Engrafted Mice in Preclinical Drug Development
Authors: Kähkönen Tiina E. , Halleen Jussi M. , Bernoulli Jenni
Published: May 2020

Metastases cause high mortality in several cancers and immunotherapies are expected to be effective in the prevention and treatment of metastatic disease. However, only a minority of patients benefit from immunotherapies. This creates a need for novel therapies that are efficacious regardless of the cancer types and metastatic environments they are growing in. Preclinical immuno-oncology models for studying metastases have long been limited to syngeneic or carcinogenesis-inducible models that have murine cancer and immune cells. However, the translational power of these models has been questioned. Interactions between tumor and immune cells are often species-specific and regulated by different cytokines in mice and humans. For increased translational power, mice engrafted with functional parts of human immune system have been developed. These humanized mice are utilized to advance understanding the role of immune cells in the metastatic process, but increasingly also to study the efficacy and safety of novel immunotherapies. From these aspects, this review will discuss the role of immune cells in the metastatic process and the utility of humanized mouse models in immuno-oncology research for metastatic cancers, covering several models from the perspective of efficacy and safety of immunotherapies.
Thermal neutron Relative Biological Effectiveness factors for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy from In Vitro Irradiations
Authors: Pedrosa-Rivera María , Praena Javier , Porras Ignacio , Sabariego Manuel Pedro , Köster Ulli , Haertlein Michael , Forsyth Trevor , Ramírez José Carlos , Jover Clara , Jimena Daniel , Osorio Juan Luis , Álvarez Patricia , Ruiz-Ruiz Carmen , Ruiz-Magaña María José
Published: May 2020

The experimental determination of the relative biological effectiveness of thermal neutron factors is fundamental in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Present values have been obtained using mixed beams consisting of both neutrons and photons of various energies. A common weighting factor has been used for both thermal and fast neutron doses, although such an approach has been questioned. At the nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin a pure low-energy neutron beam has been used to determine thermal neutron relative biological effectiveness factors. Different tumor cell lines, corresponding to glioblastoma, melanoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and non-tumor cell lines (lung fibroblast and embryonic kidney) have been irradiated using an experimental arrangement designed to minimise neutron-induced secondary gamma radiation. Additionally, the cells were irradiated with photons at a medical linear accelerator, providing reference data for comparison with that from neutron irradiation. Survival and proliferation were studied after irradiation, yielding the Relative Biological Effectiveness corresponding to the damage of thermal neutrons for the different tissue types.
Strategic Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: Comparative Lockdown Scenario Analysis, Public Perception, and Management Perspectives
Authors: Bodrud-Doza Md. , Shammi Mashura , Islam Abu , Rahman Md.
Published: May 2020

Global pandemic COVID-19 is in stage 4 of widespread local transmission in Bangladesh- the country which did not have a noteworthy health policy and legislative structures to combat COVID-19 like a pandemic. Early strategic planning and groundwork for evolving and established challenges are crucial to assemble resources and react in an appropriate timely manner. This article, therefore, focuses on the public perception of comparative lockdown scenario analysis and how they may affect the sustainable development and the strategic management regime of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh socioeconomically. Response from 159 respondents was collected via a purposive sampling survey method through a questionnaire, and 54 statements were collected for scenario analysis. Datasets were analyzed through a set of statistical techniques including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical Cluster Analysis (CA), Pearson’s correlation matrix (PCM), Linear regression analysis (LRA), and psychometric characteristics were included in the Classical Test Theory (CTT) analysis. There were good associations among the lockdown scenarios and response strategies to be formulated. A strong significant positive relationship was observed between people who will start moving towards regular life and the formal and informal economic activities will be started in lockdown scenario 1(r=0.671, p<0.01). The scenario one describes how the death and infection rate will increase if Govt withdraw the partial lockdown before 40 to 50 days. Scenario 2 outlines people’s movement will enable low-level community transmission of COVID-19 with the infection and death rate will increase slowly (r=0.540, p<0.01). Moreover, there will be less supply of necessities of daily use with a price hike (r= 0.680, p<0.01). Scenario 3, full lock down will reduce the community transmission and death from COVID-19 (r=0.545, p<0.01). Moreover, along with the other problems gender discrimination and gender-based violence will increase rapidly (r=0.661, p<0.01). Form regression analysis, due to full lockdown, the formal and informal business, economy and education sector will be hampered severely (R=0.695), there was a strong association between the loss of livelihood and unemployment rate will increase due to business shutdown (p<0.01) and poor communities both in urban and rural areas will be affected severely (p<0.01).All these will further aggravate the humanitarian needs of the most vulnerable groups in the country in the coming months to be followed which needs to be dealt with proper response plans. It will undoubtedly affect the targets of global sustainable development goals (SDGs) of 2030 and all other development targets.
Grammar Guided Genetic Programming for Network Architecture Search and Road Detection on Aerial Orthophotography
Authors: de la Fuente Castillo Víctor , Díaz-Álvarez Alberto , Manso-Callejo Miguel-Ángel , Serradilla García Francisco
Published: May 2020

Photogrammetry involves aerial photography of the earth’s surface and subsequently processing the images to provide a more accurate depiction of the area (Orthophotography). It’s used by the Spanish Instituto Geográfico Nacional to update road cartography but requires a significant amount of manual labor due to the need to perform visual inspection of all tiled images. Deep Learning techniques (artificial neural networks with more than one hidden layer) can perform road detection but it is still unclear how to find the optimal network architecture. Our system applies grammar guided genetic programming to the search of deep neural network architectures. In this kind of evolutive algorithm all the population individuals (here candidate network architectures) are constrained to rules specified by a grammar that defines valid and useful structural patterns to guide the search process. Grammar used includes well-known complex structures (e.g. Inception-like modules) combined with a custom designed mutation operator (dynamically links the mutation probability to structural diversity). Pilot results show that the system is able to design models for road detection that obtain test accuracies similar to that reached by state of the art models when evaluated over a dataset from the Spanish National Aerial Orthophotography Plan.
First Record of Presence of the Invasive Land Flatworm Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) in Guadeloupe
Authors: Justine Jean-Lou , Winsor Leigh
Published: May 2020

The land flatworm Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) is recorded for the first time from the island of Guadeloupe (French West Indies) in the Caribbean arc. Photographs and records were obtained from citizen science and ranged from the end of 2018 to 2020; specimens were deposited in the collections of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, France. This is the first record in Guadeloupe and the second for an island in the Caribbean, after Porto Rico.