bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Principais fatores que afetam o momento da primeira ovulação pós-parto em vacas leiteiras
Authors: Velasco Acosta D.A. , Maffi A.S. , Schneider A. , Cassal Brauner C. , Del Pino F.A.B. , Corrêa M.N.
Published: December 2024

O reinício da ciclicidade no pós-parto de vacas leiteiras é fundamental para garantir a gestação subsequente e a rentabilidade do sistema de produção. No entanto, o período de transição, compreendido entre as 3 semanas pré e pós-parto, caracteriza-se por ser o momento de maior desafio para vacas leiteiras, em especial para vacas de alta produção, uma vez que as demandas energéticas aumentam e ultrapassam a capacidade de ingestão, ocorrendo o balanço energético negativo (BEN). O BEN ocasiona alterações a nível metabólico, reduzindo os níveis de glicose, insulina e IGF-I circulantes. Por outro lado, os animais apresentam perda de condição corporal e incremento nos níveis de Ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNES) e Beta-hidroxibutirato (BHBA). Essas alterações metabólicas refletem no retorno a ciclicidade desses animais, através da influência sobre a produção e liberação de hormônios, esteroidogênese, crescimento folicular e a capacidade de ovulação. Na revisão a seguir abordaremos os principais fatores envolvidos no retorno a ovulação de vacas leiteiras após o parto.
Efecto de la fitasas y minerales quelatados en el desempeño e indicadores de mineralización ósea en pollos de engorde
Authors: Coloma X. , Gallardo C.
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la fitasa y los minerales quelados sobre el rendimiento, el peso de los órganos y los indicadores de mineralización ósea en pollos de engorde. Se evaluaron 240 pollos de engorde machos (Cobb 500) en tres tratamientos experimentales (dieta basal, dieta basal + fitasas y con dieta basal + minerales quelados) con 4 repeticiones (20 aves por réplica). El estudio se dividió en tres fases: inicio, crecimiento y finalización. Al final de cada fase, se realizaron autopsias para pesar los órganos gastrointestinales y evaluar los indicadores de mineralización ósea de las tibias izquierdas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p 0.05). En comparación con los animales de control, las aves con fitasa mostraron un peso relativo significativamente menor del páncreas (p
Láminas de riego y rendimiento de Cenchrus ciliaris L. en la zona semiárida, provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Solís L.A. , Orrala N.A. , León A.A. , Valladolid J.S. , Marín N.E.
Published: December 2024

El presente proyecto se focalizó en evaluar el efecto de diferentes láminas de riego sobre el rendimiento del pasto buffer (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) en la comuna Río Verde, provincia de Santa Elena, al no existir estudios sobre las necesidades hídricas en función de la producción de esta especie que podría ser una alternativa para el consumo nutricional de los rumiantes, puesto que podría mejorar los índices de productividad en la localidad. Para efectuar el ensayo se utilizó un diseño bloque completamente al azar (BCA) con tres tratamientos que correspondieron a las láminas de riego (80%, 100% y 120%) y 6 repeticiones, un total de 18 unidades experimentales. Los datos se tomaron cada semana durante un mes. Las variables medidas fueron: altura de la planta, longitud y ancho de la hoja medidos cada 7 días durante un mes y el rendimiento de biomasa a los 30 días. Los datos de las variables evaluadas al ser sometidos al análisis de la varianza y las medias comparadas con la prueba de Tukey (p
Ganado Blanco Orejinegro (BON) un recurso zoogenético disponible para una ganadería eficiente en Colombia
Authors: Navarro C.A. , Góngora A. , Flórez H.
Published: December 2024

La actividad ganadera en Colombia tiene gran importancia económica, pero sus índices productivos no son óptimos, debido en parte, a que la mayoría de los animales usados son de razas foráneas insuficientemente adaptadas a las condiciones ambientales locales lo cual les impide desarrollar a plenitud su potencial genético. Esta situación es favorecida por las condiciones ambientales adversas propias del trópico, tales como las altas temperaturas que implican situaciones de estrés térmico, y la baja calidad de los forrajes con una marcada fluctuación en su contenido nutricional, que condiciona bajos niveles energéticos y proteicos en los mismos. Todo lo anterior termina generando deficiencias en los nutrientes ofertados con respecto a los requerimientos de los animales, que implican desequilibrios o interacciones negativas entre los minerales, proteínas y energía, y que terminan expresándose con bajos parámetros productivos. En tales condiciones poco favorables, el ganado Blanco Orejinegro (BON), es una de las razas de bovinos criollos de Colombia, que naturalmente se han adaptado al ambiente propio de la zona, y que está siendo ampliamente utilizada en regiones tropicales de América por su capacidad reproductiva, productiva, resistencia a enfermedades, y por su buena habilidad expresada en cruces con razas cárnicas y lácteas especializadas. En este artículo se hace una revisión de dichos aspectos.
A Miostatina no melhoramento genético animal para a produção de carne
Authors: Oliveira R.S. , Ribeiro da Silva G. , De Sousa Borges A.A. , Morais Machado L.P. , Arhur Arrê F. , Mello de Araújo A. , Mendonça Diniz F. , Rocha Sarmento L. , Costa Silva V.
Published: December 2024

O gene da miostatina é considerado um dos candidatos no melhoramento da carne em animais de produção. O objetivo dessa investigação foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura reunindo estudos relevantes às temáticas referentes às metodologias e aplicabilidade dos marcadores moleculares, utilizados em estudos com bovinos, caprinos, suínos, ovinos e aves no mundo. O pacote R de análise bibliométrica (bibliometrix) realizou a análise dos dados das buscas por publicações indexadas nos portais científicos Scopus e Web of Science, realizado em julho de 2021. A China seguida pelos Estados Unidos, Índia e Nova Zelândia, se destacaram como os países de maior número de publicações relacionadas a essa temática. As ferramentas moleculares mais utilizadas foram as que apresentam como base o sequenciamento, sendo representadas por SNPs. Percebeu-se a necessidade de ampliação de pesquisas no Brasil com esses estudos genéticos focados no melhoramento do animal para a característica de interesse, visto que o mesmo apresenta poucos estudos relacionados ao gene miostatina no melhoramento da carne em animais de produção.
Teste de comportamento térmico em material alternativo para temperatura de Globo Negro
Authors: Brennecke K. , Pereira L.A.M. , Zeferino C.P. , Soares V.E. , Dian P.H. , Holanda M.C.F. , Santos Junior I. , Zampieri J.H.
Published: December 2024

Estudos relacionados à viabilidade do uso de materiais alternativos ao globo negro de cobre têm sido realizados, principalmente em decorrência ao preço elevado do cobre. Diante disto, justifica-se avaliar a eficiência da utilização de uma caneca de alumínio, com capacidade de 50 ml (modelo para pistola de pintura), como material alternativo para substituir o globo negro de cobre. A caneca foi pintada com tinta preto-fosca, em duas camadas e um termômetro de mercúrio foi inserido ao centro. Para realização do teste de comportamento térmico, um globo negro de cobre e um globo negro alternativo foram colocados lado a lado, no Laboratorio de Zootecnia de Precisão, da Universidade Brasil. As temperaturas dos globos foram coletadas durante cinco dias, em três períodos (manhã, tarde e noite) totalizando 15 minutos/período, com intervalo de cinco minutos. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, ao nível de 5% de significância. O resultado do comportamento térmico do globo negro alternativo foi semelhante ao globo negro de cobre, mostrando-se satisfatório. No entanto, durante o experimento foi observado que os tempos de aquecimento dos materiais de cada globo divergiam, sendo assim, o estudo será continuado para investigar efeitos de resistividade e histerese. Conclui-se que o comportamento térmico do globo negro alternativo é semelhante ao comportamento térmico do globo negro de cobre.
Adubação de pastagens degradadas
Authors: Oliveira L.O.F. , Gomes R.C. , Costa T.G. , Carvalho T.A. , Caramalac L.S.
Published: December 2024

O objetivo desde estudo foi avaliar a produção e a produtividade animal, em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, submetidas à adubação por cobertura. Foram utilizados dois módulos de pastagens divididos em oito piquetes e uma praça de alimentação central para cada módulo. Adotou-se o módulo A1 como sendo o tratamento de adubação (ADUB) e o módulo A2 como sendo o tratamentonão adubado (NADB), com áreas de 93,10 (A1) e 105,05 (A2) hectares respectivamente. Em ambos os módulos foram aplicados previamente por cobertura, 1,9 toneladas de calcário dolomítico. A estratégia de suplementação dos animais variou conforme o período (seca, águas), sendo ofertados diariamente 600 ou 1800 g/animal/dia. O tratamento ADUB teve um acréscimo em torno de 18,2% a mais na produção da massa forrageira comparado ao NADUB. Foram observadas diferenças em ganho de peso (P ≤ 0,05) apenas nos intervalos da seca, sendo maior para o tratamento ADUB (0,632 kg/dia) que nos animais do tratamento NADB (0,433 kg/dia). A produção de arrobas por hectare foi maior (P ≤ 0,05) no tratamento ADUB em todos os períodos avaliados (anual, águas e seca) em relação ao NADB. Quanto ao retorno sobre o investimento (ROI), é possível observar que o tratamento ADUB apresentou ROI positivo R$ 0,683, quando comparado ao NADB. Áreas com pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, quando adubadas apresentam produção de massa forrageira e a produtividade animal elevados, bem como retorno econômico satisfatório ao produtor rural.
O sistema fundamental generalizado de Jacobsthal: propriedades e identidades
Authors: Silva Reginaldo Leoncio , Almeida Roger Luiz da Silva
Published: December 2024

Neste trabalho estudamos o sistema fundamental generalizado de Jacobsthal, destacando suas principais propriedades e algumas identidades. São usadas as propriedades matriciais da bem conhecida matriz casoratiana para obtenção das identidades deste sistema. Também apresentamos expressões combinatórias para as propriedades e para as identidades. A metodologia que adotamos foi a revisão bibliográfica, onde procuramos responder a seguinte pergunta: Quais são as principais propriedades e identidades do sistema fundamental generalizado de Jacobsthal? Começamos falando sobre a família de números de Jacobsthal generalizados, destacando seu papel fundamental e em seguida, apresentamos propriedades e identidades através do estudo da respectiva matriz de Casoratian deste sistema. Ainda, destacamos a fórmula combinatória para os números generalizados. Esperamos que este trabalho contribua para uma divulgação deste conteúdo e a elaboração de outras pesquisas futuras.
Efficiency of different treatment modalities on radiation induced trismus for maxillofacial cases: A parallel randomized clinical trial
Authors: Aboelez Marwa Ahmed , Ibrahim Abdallah Mohammed , ElSawy Mohammed A , El-Khamisy Nermeen El sayed
Published: December 2024

Background
For more than 80% of patients with head and neck cancer, radiation therapy (RT) is a crucial component of their treatment plan which causes impairment for the masticatory apparatus functions leading to trismus. The study objective was to compare the efficacy of of different treatment modalities for patients with RT-induced trismus on patient satisfaction and experience.
Methods
Thirty-six patients with trismus after radiation therapy were classified equally and randomly into three groups (n = 12 per group): Group A was given threaded tapered screw appliance therapy (TTSA), Group B was given low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and Group C was given both threaded tapered screw appliance and low-level laser therapy therapy (LLLT + TTSA). Maximum mouth opening (MMO), visual analogue scale (VAS) and Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire (GTQ) scores and time required to achieve normal state were evaluated at baseline, 1, 2, 4 weeks, 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Data were collected and analysed using SPSS software
Results
Regarding VAS AND MMO, there was a statistically significant difference at different times of evaluation within all groups where (P < .0001). Regarding GTQ, group C recorded the least values for GTQ symptoms followed by group B followed by group A. Between groups A, B, and C at six months, there was a statistically significant difference for VAS. At week two and one, three, and six months, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups for MMO. There was a statistically significant difference between all groups for all GTQ domines after week two as well as at one, three, and six months.
Conclusion
all available therapy modalities have the potential to effectively improve radiation induced trismus; however, the combination of TTSA and LLLT group appears to yield the most rapid and optimal enhancement.
Clinical Trial Registry Number
(NCT06413628) (2024-03-30)
Study of pollution effects on groundwater caused by modified urea-formaldehyde resin grouting
Authors: Qian Ziwei , Zheng Haobo , Liu Jufeng , He Shenyang
Published: December 2024

It is of practical significance to carry out a study on the pollution effect of typical chemical grouting materials on the regional groundwater quality. A dynamic seepage reaction system was developed, and constant-flow, long-term percolation tests were conducted on two groups: no grouting and urea-formaldehyde resin grouted group. The study found that UF slurry and its reaction products can cause significant pollution damage to groundwater quality, and grout contamination can last for quite some time before completely degrading. UF slurry can affect conventional water quality indicators of groundwater and can alter the water chemistry type of groundwater. The UF grouting process has a significant effect on the ionic content of groundwater. In the process of continuous infiltration, the hydrochemical type of groundwater gradually converges to that of the control group. The water quality indicators and ion content also gradually converge to the values measured in the control group. At the same time, the degradation of the main pollutants from the grouting process shows an exponential decay pattern.
The Effect of Bacterial Inoculation and Organic Amendments for the Establishment of Some Multipurpose Trees on Degraded Land
Authors: Getahun Alemayehu , Muleta Diriba , Kiros Solomon , Assefa Fassil
Published: December 2024

Rehabilitating poor soil can be achieved in part by planting trees. In the field, bio-augmentation and organic amendments (OAs) promote plant establishment and growth. Hence, this study was initiated to assess the role of organic amendments and bacterial inoculations (BI) on tree establishment on degraded soil under field conditions. Six plots measuring 41 m x 4 m were established on which the soil was amended with organic matter and bacterial inoculation (BI) of the transplanted plants quarterly, which were followed by monthly bacterial counts and measurements of plant growth parameters and the survival rate of the plants for one year. Plots receiving OAs showed the highest counts of bacteria (21.66), actinomycetes (2.29), and fungi (0.82) x 105 colony-forming unit g− 1 soil. Also, there were significant (p ≤ 0.05) increases in stem height (1, 0.42, and 0.39 m/plant), girths (12.0, 2.28, and 11.33 cm/plant), and branch numbers (5, 4, and 4.3/plant) on transplanted apple, acacia, and prunus respectively, compared to the control. The highest survival rate was observed on an apple tree (Malus domestica) (80%) and acacia (Acacia abyssinica) (66%). The result concluded that using OAs and BIs enhanced the growth and establishment of trees for the successful rehabilitation of degraded land.
Nest structure and colony composition of two neotropical mound-building termites (Blattaria: Termitidae: Nasutitermes coxipoensis and Cortaritermes intermedius)
Authors: Mendoza Ato , Starr Christopher K. , Arneaud Linton L.
Published: December 2024

On the island of Trinidad, West Indies the mound-nesting Nasutitermes coxipoensus and Cortaritermes intermedius (Nasutitermitinae) are each only known from one distinct savanna habitat. The former builds larger nests that harbourlarger colonies. Consistent with what is known from other nasutitermitines, the proportion of soldiers in the colony is high in each species: 11-15% of adults in most N. coxipoensis and 7-19% in C. intermedius colonies. While this shows no correlation with overall colony size in N. coxipoensis, we found a negative correlation between these two parameters in C. intermedius. Consistent with what has been found in some mound-nesting fungus-gardening termites (Macrotermitinae), mounds of both species showed a higher concentration of some elements and organic matter than in the surrounding surface soil.
Opposing effects of rewarding and aversive stimuli on D1 and D2 types of dopamine-sensitive neurons in the central amygdala
Authors: Beroun Anna , Bijoch Łukasz , Szczypkowski Paweł , Wiśniewska Justyna , Pawłowska Monika , Hajdukiewicz Karolina , Łapkiewicz Radosław
Published: December 2024

Dopamine-sensitive neurons are organized in two classes of cells, expressing D1- or D2- types of dopamine receptors, and are often mediating opposing aspects of reward-oriented behaviors. Here, we focused on dopamine-sensitive neurons in the central amygdala – a brain structure critically involved in processing emotion-related stimuli. Exposing mice to rewarding and aversive stimuli we studied DRD1 and DRD2 cells activity using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in the CeM. We showed that cocaine and sugar predominantly increase the activity of DRD1(+) neurons and decrease DRD2(+) cells. Repeated exposure to cocaine, however, had the opposite effect on spontaneous excitatory synaptic transmission in the CeM than exposure to sugar. Quinine, an aversive stimulus, primarily engaged DRD2(+) neurons, activating predominantly those cells that were previously inhibited by sugar exposure. Our results show that though DRD1 and DRD2 populations are differentially engaged and regulated by appetitive/aversive stimuli, both participate in sugar, cocaine, and quinine processing.
Geoinformatics and AHP-MCDM integrated flood hazard zone mapping over Modjo catchment, Awash River basin, central Ethiopia.
Authors: Bedada Bereket , Dibaba Wakjira
Published: December 2024

Floods are natural disasters that profoundly influence the environment and society. To effectively control the incidence of flooding, it is crucial to identify and map regions susceptible to flooding. This study aimed to identify and locate the flood risk zones of the Modjo catchment employing the integrated use of multi-criteria decision-making and geoinformatics tools. Ten influencing factors were used to develop flood risk zones: drainage density, curvature, rainfall, distance from the river, soil type, elevation, slope, topographic wetness index, land use/cover, and the normalized difference vegetation index. Subsequently, raster-formatted thematic layers of these influencing elements were created, and appropriate weighting was assigned based on their relative responses to the occurrence of flood events and overlayed using the overlay GIS spatial analysis tool. The flood risk potential zone in the study area was generated and classified into five groups: negligible, low, intermediate, high, and severe. According to the results, the negligible, low, intermediate, high, and severe zones were represented by 0.686% (9.74 km2), 74.12% (1052.28 km2), 8.44% (119.94 km2), and 0.0012% (0.018 km2), respectively. The weighting and ranking processes are well reflected in the final flood risk zone map. The results revealed that a substantial area of the catchment is at risk. Ultimately, 28 historical flood datasets were used to confirm the outcome, yielding an accuracy of > 75% and an area under the ROC curve of 0.868. Most of the flood point data were found in high and severe regions. Considering the verified results, relevant organizations should participate in creating sustainable management plans.
Long-term treatment with recombinant human growth hormone in pediatric patients with growth hormone deficiency influences but does not destroy stem cells circulating in blood
Authors: Wedrychowicz Anna , Sielatycka Katarzyna , Kucia Magda , Kubis Ewa , Roztoczynska Dorota , Starzyk Jerzy B.
Published: December 2024

Very small embryonic/epiblast-like stem cells (VSELs), found in circulating blood are small, non-hematopoietic cells expressing markers of pluripotent embryonic and primordial germ cells. VSELs are responsible for postnatal tissue and organ rejuvenation. For the first time we performed long-term observations of VSELs in response to growth hormone (GH) therapy in pediatric patients. Enrolled 20 patients aged 5.2–13.4 with GH-deficiency were monitored periodically for first year of GH treatment. Eight of them were examined again after eight years of continuous GH therapy. Selected stem cells were analyzed in peripheral blood flow cytometrically. The number of 34 + VSELs was higher than baseline and the number of 133 + VSELs was comparable to the baseline number after long-term therapy. The increase in VSELs number paralleled the increase in circulating hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells. We found a significant, positive correlation between VSELs and MSCs, moreover both 34 + VSELs and MSCs positively correlated with postprandial glucose. Our data confirm that VSELs respond to GH treatment. Long-term therapy with GH modulates but did not damage, even improves the population of VSELs in GH-deficient patients. Therefore in contrary to experimental animals GH therapy seems not damage life span and organ rejuvenation in patients.
Essential oils biosynthesis is differentially regulated at different developmental stages of Curcuma longa L.
Authors: Majaw Teikur , Bharti Sanjan Kumar , Mishra Ashim K
Published: December 2024

Essential oils (EO) are plants secondary metabolites significant for plant’s defense and supplementary growth. These are synthesized in plants cells in response to various factors. Here, we demonstrate that essential oils extracted from leaves of Curcuma longa are differential expressed at different developmental stages. The EO yield was 1.13% at 4-month old, 1.79% at 6-month and 1.35% at 8-month old leaf in Rajendra Sonali variety. In the variety, Narendra Haldi, the essential oils yield was 0.81% at 4-month old, 1.75% at 6-month and 1.08% at 8-month old leaf. The number of compounds were 45, 41 and 42 in Rajendra Sonali and 47, 33 and 40 Narendra Haldi leaves at 4-, 6- and 8-month old leaves. Monoterpenes were the most abundant followed by sesquiterpenes. Terpinolene, accounts the highest component at 27.62%, 24.7% and 24.7% in Rajendra variety while it is 30.57%, 36.01% and 11.36% in Narendra haldi (NH) at three different stages. Differential genes expression showed that genes involve in biosynthesis of essential oils were highly expressed in 6-month old leaves. Most of the genes that acts as feeder pathway to EO biosynthesis such as carbohydrate metabolism are highly expressed in 6-month old leaves. The finding suggest that the essential oil content and chemical composition is due to the differential expression of genes involving in the essential oil biosynthetic pathway and the differential components may be used as a metabolic marker of developmental stages.
Growth Performance and Nutrient Removal Efficiency of Chlorella Vulgaris in Fish Wastewater for the Cuban Agro-Industrial Sector
Authors: Sorí Lilyana Carbonell , Garciga Julio Pedraza , Rivero Néstor Armando Carbonell , Davila Edelbis Lopez
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The study aimed to evaluate the growth capacity and nutrient removal efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris in fish wastewater (FWW) and Bold's Basal (BB) medium as a control. The research question was whether C. vulgaris could grow and remove nutrients in FWW effectively.
Methods
The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in a climatic chamber. C. vulgaris was grown in FWW and BB medium. Cell counting, optical density, and dry weight were measured daily. The nutrient removal efficiency was determined by analysing total nitrogen (TN) and phosphate (P-PO43−) concentrations.
Results
The growth of C. vulgaris in both media was gradual, with an exponential phase from day 2 to 10 in BB medium and from day 4 to 10 in FWW. TN removal reached 89.5% in BB and 92.1% in FWW, while P-PO43− removal was 78.9% in BB and 84.2% in FWW.
Conclusion
C. vulgaris demonstrated efficient growth and nutrient removal in fish wastewater, making it a promising candidate for wastewater treatment and biomass production in the Cuban agro-industrial sector.
Effect of Chinese Traditional Exercise on Reducing Fall Risk among Aging People: a single-blind randomized trial
Authors: Lu Jiali , Li Jiahao , Ren Shuangfeng , Yang Huizhi , Chai Xinyu , Yan Huiping , Shan Wei , Lu Yifan
Published: December 2024

This study was designed to determine the effect of 12 weeks of the Chinese traditional exercise, the Dao Yin Regime on reducing fall risk in aging population (>60 years).
The exclusion criteria for individuals were as follows: 1) were under 60 years; 2) were unable to read and write; 3) had any acute cardiovascular disease in the past month; 4) had any diagnosed disorder of balance function; 5) had visual problems; 6) had hearing problems; 7) had taken drugs that could lead to dizzy. 8) had regular exercising over 6 months. We novelly tried not to exclude people who take sleeping pills since it has already become a normal phenomenon, we also stipulated that people who live alone should be considered serious issues. We planned to recruit 90 people by calculating at the beginning, but in the end, 93 participants were recruited. Every person received a complete fall risk screening process and they were divided into low-risk (30), moderate-risk (29), high-risk (34) based on the STEADI screening toolkit. The age features in each group were: 80.63±6.83(low-risk),83.38±5.89(moderate-risk) and 82.12±5.64(high-risk), and the sex distribution were: male:14(45.16%) and female:17(54.84%) in the low-risk group, male:8(27.59%) and female:21(72.41%) in the moderate-risk group, male:9(26.47%) and female:25(73.53%) in the high-risk group.
The exercise program was set 90min in every training session, and was repeated 3 times a week. Every training session started with 10 min warm-up activity, followed by the standing training, which lasted approximately 40 min, and the last was dynamic training, which contained 12 movements lasting 40 min, with a 5 min cool down activity in the end. The entire training program lasted 12 weeks.
The methods to evaluate of the effects included demographic, physiological, and psychological aspects, gait characteristics were the main indices used to assess the effects, the within- and between-group differences were analyzed via paired t-test and chi-test. In the gait characteristics, only the low-risk group showed distinct decline in TUG test (p<0.01). The precise reason of why this outcome was not clear, but there was a small improvement in the participants’ physical function and also the frailty situation improved.
In this study, we found that low educational background was not an essential issue on increasing fall risk for old people(p<0.01). Since this was the first attempt on investigate the effect of the Dao Yin Regime on reducing fall risk among old people, some limitations remain, and more studies are needed.
Glutamine metabolism model for predicting prognosis and immune infiltration in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: He Ming , Zhao Wenjing , Sun Feng , Shen Nimei , Han Liang
Published: December 2024

Background
Laryngeal cancer, a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, is increasingly prevalent and poses significant challenges to patient health and quality of life. The primary pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma. Previous studies have shown that genes involved in glutamine metabolism are crucial for throat cancer development; however, their prognostic significance in laryngeal cancer remains unexplored.
Methods
Data from laryngeal cancer patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and glutamine (Gln) metabolism-related genes were sourced from the GeneCards database. Univariate Cox regression analysis, hub gene screening, and LASSO Cox regression identified five key genes linked to glutamine metabolism and LSCC prognosis. A risk score was calculated on the basis of median values to categorize patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Clinical features, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy effects were systematically analyzed.
Results
The model was closely correlated with patient prognosis. The risk score model, which is based on five characteristic genes, demonstrated excellent predictive performance, as validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis. Significant differences in immune cell infiltration, gene expression, and survival status were observed among the different risk groups.
Conclusion
This prognostic model can effectively predict outcomes and immune infiltration in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients.
Integrating HCY Metabolic Enzyme Gene Polymorphisms and Expression Data Reveals Key Genes in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Yuan , Gao Shan , Guo Yaqiong , Wei XueLing , Xu He
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the role of homocysteine (HCY) metabolic enzyme variants in ovarian cancer. HCY is a sulfur-containing non-protein amino acid and an important metabolic intermediate in the human body, with elevated HCY levels being linked to cancer by many researchers. We analyzed SNPs of six HCY metabolic enzymes using eQTL data to determine their effects on gene expression. By matching ovarian cancer gene expression data from the TCGA database and performing differential analysis using the GEO dataset GSE12470, we identified nine genes (MTHFR, PLOD1, U2AF, EIF2S2, EDEM2, MTR, WDR4, CHMP4B, AGTRAP) that were significantly differentially expressed in ovarian cancer patients. These findings suggest that SNPs of HCY metabolic enzymes influence the progression of ovarian cancer and hyperhomocysteinemia through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.
Association of Perioperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Newly Initiated Renal Replacement Therapy Following Heart Valve Surgery
Authors: Lee Seung Hyong , Lee Jun Ho , Shin Yong Hoon , Kim Ji Eon , Jung Jae Seung , Son Ho Sung , Kim Hee-Jung
Published: December 2024

Perioperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is frequently required in heart valve surgery but is associated with immunologic complications and potential renal issues. Limited data exist on the link between perioperative RBC transfusions and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). This study evaluated the association between perioperative RBC transfusion and new RRT initiation post-heart valve surgery using data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database (2003–2019). Patients were grouped by transfusion volume: 0 units (no transfusion), 1 unit, or ≥ 2 units. The primary outcome was new RRT initiation. Among 27,562 patients (45.3% female; mean age 62.1 ± 12.3 years), 85.1% received transfusions. Incidence of RRT per 100 person-years was 0.52 for no transfusion, 0.69 for 1 unit, and 0.93 for ≥ 2 units. Multivariable Cox analysis revealed a dose-dependent association, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.449 (1 unit; 95% CI: 1.042–2.015, p = 0.027) and 1.680 (≥ 2 units; 95% CI: 1.215–2.324, p < 0.002). Baseline eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m² was also a significant risk factor (HR: 1.717, p = 0.05). This dose-dependent association emphasizes the need for optimized transfusion strategies to mitigate long-term renal risks in heart valve surgery patients.
Enhanced P-wave velocity imaging by marine controlled-source seismic surveys with Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Authors: Fukushima SHUN , Shinohara Masanao , Yamada Tomoaki , Hino Ryota , Azuma Ryosuke , Ito Yoshihiro , Yamashita Yusuke , Takano Hiroki
Published: December 2024

P-wave velocity (Vp) structures in marine areas have been estimated using marine controlled-source seismic surveys and refraction methods. The spatial resolution of Vp structures depends on the number of receivers and shots. In marine environments, Vp resolution is often limited due to the sparse distribution of ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs). Recently, the use of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has enabled high-resolution strain measurements over long distances, with station density along DAS cables being much higher than that of OBSs. Applying seismic control surveys and refraction methods to DAS data can enhance the horizontal resolution of Vp structures. This study demonstrates that seismic refraction using DAS data is effective for imaging shallow Vp structures with high spatial resolution. A seismic survey was conducted using R/V Hakuho-maru, controlled sources, and DAS and OBS measurements along a seafloor optical fiber cable off Sanriku, Japan. Strong lateral heterogeneities in the Vp structure were observed, due to dense DAS data. The 2-D Vp structure obtained from the DAS data showed good agreement with the seismic reflection profile. This experiment highlights the unique advantages of DAS data over OBSs for seismic refraction.
Association between recurrence risk perception and health behavior in patients with recurrent ischemic stroke in China: The mediation effect of Self-efficacy
Authors: Zhang Huan , Wu Yao , Cai Shaona , Yuan Lifang , Tian Xingyin , Li Yingying
Published: December 2024

Background：This study aims to explore the relationship between recurrence risk perception and health behavior in patients with recurrent ischemic stroke, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy between recurrence risk perception and health behavior.
Method：This cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2023 to November 2023 in China on 280 recurrent ischemic stroke patients . Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Recurrence Risk Perception Scale for Stroke Patients, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Health behavior Scale of Stroke Patient were included in this study.
Result：There were 266 valid questionnaires (95% effective recovery rate). In correlation analysis, high recurrence risk perception and high self-efficacy were significantly associated with better levels of health behavior (P<0.05). In the multiple linear regression model, after controlling for sociodemographic variables and clinical characteristics information in the t/F test (P<0.05), it was found that recurrence risk perception and self-efficacy were significant predictors of health behavior, and that exercise status, Course of Disease, and family history of stroke in the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics information in the present study had a significant effect on health behavior (P<0.05). Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between perceived risk of recurrence and health behavior (95% CI 0.102 to 0.334), with the mediating effect accounting for 37.3% (0.202/0.541)of the total effect.
Conclusion：Recurrence risk perception and self-efficacy were influential factors in promoting health behavior. In addition, the effect of recurrence risk perception on health behavior was mediated by self-efficacy.
Bilateral Continuous Thoracic Paravertebral Block Versus IV Fentanyl Infusion for Perioperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery Through Median Sternotomy
Authors: Kassim Dina , Rashwan Samaa , Mohamed Youssef , Omar Ihab , El-Shaarawy Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Background
In patients who are undergoing open cardiac surgery, thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is advantageous for pain management. Our objective was to compare this type of block with intravenous Fentanyl analgesia in those patients.
Methods
This prospective, randomized study included 44 patients who underwent open heart surgery through a median sternotomy. Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups (each with 22 subjects). Group Ⅰ (Fentanyl group) (n = 22): received fentanyl infusion 2µg/kg/h after placing the endotracheal tube and stopped at the end of surgery. Group Ⅱ (TPVB group) (n = 22): Bilateral thoracic paravertebral catheters were inserted preoperative. Before induction, there was a maximum of 20 ml per side for each catheter, which received a bolus dose of 0.3ml/kg 0.25% bupivacaine. Continuous infusion of 0.25% bupivacaine at a rate of 0.1 ml/kg/h was administered through each catheter following intubation. The infusion was subsequently discontinued at the conclusion of the procedure.
Results
Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CCPOT) was lower in patients of group Ⅱ (TPVB group) than in patients of group Ⅰ (fentanyl group); in group Ⅱ at 8hs, 12hs, and 24hs postoperative were 2,3,3 respectively, whereas median CCPOT in group Ⅰ at 8hs, 12hs, and 24hs postoperative were 3,4,4 respectively (p value < 0.05). In comparison to group Ⅰ, there was a substantial decrease in the intraoperative fentanyl requirements of group Ⅱ (343.6 µg ± 44.1 and 926.8 µg ± 117.4) (p-value < 0.05). In comparison to group I (9 mg 2), the TPVB group's postoperative opioid requirements were significantly lower (6.2 mg 2.3). P-value was less than 0.05.
Conclusion
Compared with IV fentanyl infusion, Bilateral continuous thoracic paravertebral block was determined to be more effective in the operative and postoperative analgesia of patients who underwent heart surgery via median sternotomy.
Enhanced Cytotoxicity against Cholangiocarcinoma by Fifth-Generation Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Integrin αvβ6 and Secreting Anti-PD-L1 scFv
Authors: Phanthaphol Nattaporn , Somboonpatarakun Chalermchai , Suwanchiwasiri Kwanpirom , Yuti Pornpimon , Sujjitjoon Jatuporn , Baillie George S. , Junking Mutita , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai
Published: December 2024

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal bile duct cancer with high resistance and recurrence rates, with only one fifth of patients eligible for surgical treatment. The disease resists standard chemotherapy and often relapses. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown promise for hematological malignancies but faces challenges in solid tumors due to resistance mechanisms like PD-L1 expression, which tumors use to evade the immune system. To address this challenge, we developed fifth-generation CAR T cells targeting integrin αvβ6 that also secrete anti-PD-L1 single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) to target both tumor cells and the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. We examined integrin αvβ6 and PD-L1 expression in CCA cell lines and engineered T cells to express either fourth-generation CAR T cells targeting integrin αvβ6 (A20 CAR4 T cells) or fifth-generation CAR T cells with anti-PD-L1 scFv secretion (A20 CAR5 T cells). In vitro, A20 CAR5 T cells exhibited less exhaustion and superior long-term functionality compared to A20 CAR4 T cells. In 3D spheroid models of CCA, A20 CAR5 T cells demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity and better infiltration into the spheroid core. These findings suggest that A20 CAR5 T cells have significant potential and warrant further in vivo studies and clinical trials.
Incarceration history and HIV testing among people who inject drugs in the Boston metro area: a pooled cross-sectional study
Authors: Bovell-Ammon Benjamin J. , Onofrey Shauna , Kimmel Simeon D. , Wurcel Alysse G. , Klevens Monina
Published: December 2024

Background
The persistent incidence of HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID) underscores the urgency for HIV prevention efforts to end the HIV epidemic. Little is known about the role carceral settings play as touchpoints for HIV testing in this population.
Methods
Secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data of PWID in the Boston metro area from the 2015 and 2018 cycles of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS). Among self-reported HIV-negative participants, we examined incarceration and HIV testing histories and used a multivariable modified Poisson regression model to evaluate the association between incarceration history (main exposure) and past-year HIV testing (primary outcome).
Results
Among 957 participants, average age was 38.9 (SD 11.1) years, 70.1% were male, 15.2% were Hispanic (of any race), 8.4% were non-Hispanic Black, and 68.1% were non-Hispanic White. Regarding incarceration experiences, 43.5% of participants reported past-year incarceration, and 41.8% reported a history of incarceration but only prior to the past year. Among those with past-year incarceration, 23.4% said their last HIV test was done at a jail or prison. Adjusting for other characteristics, compared to no incarceration history, past-year incarceration (PR 1.39; 95% CI: 1.29, 1.49) and incarceration prior to the the past year (PR 1.19; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.38) were both associated with a greater prevalence of past-year HIV testing.
Conclusions
Among PWID, incarceration was very common and was a substantial source of HIV testing. However, more testing is still needed—in both community and carceral settings—to reach optimal testing rates in this key population.
Crop Row Detection for Agricultural Autonomous Navigation based on GD-YOLOv10n-seg
Authors: Tao Sun , Longfei Cui , Feixiang Le , Xinyu Xue
Published: December 2024

Accurate crop row detection is an important foundation for agricultural machinery to realize autonomous operation. In this paper, a real-time soybean-corn crop row detection method based on GD-YOLOv10n-seg with PCA fitting is proposed. Firstly, the dataset of soybean-corn crop row was established, and the image was labeled by line label. Then, an improved model GD-YOLOv10n-seg model was constructed by integrating GhostModule and DynamicConv into the YOLOv10n-segmentation model. The experimental results show that the improved model performs better in MPA and MiOU, and the model size is reduced by 18.3%. The crop row center line of the segmentation results is fitted by PCA, the fitting accuracy reaches 95.08%, the angle deviation is 1.75°, and the overall processing speed is 57.32FPS. This study can provide an efficient and reliable solution for agricultural autonomous navigation operations such as weeding and pesticide application under soybean-corn compound planting mode.
Guidelines for Seizure Prophylaxis in Patients Hospitalized withNon-Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage:A Clinical Practice Guideline for Healthcare Professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society
Authors: Frontera Jennifer A. , Rayi Appaji , Tesoro Eljim , Gilmore Emily J. , Johnson Emily L. , Olson DaiWai , Ullman Jamie S. , Yuan Yuhong , Zafar Sahar , Rowe Shaun
Published: December 2024

Background
There is practice heterogeneity in the use, type and duration of prophylactic antiseizure medications (ASM) in patients hospitalized with acute, non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing ASM primary prophylaxis in adults hospitalized with acute, non-traumatic ICH. The following Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome (PICO) questions were assessed: 1) Should ASM versus no ASM be used in patients with acute ICH with no history of clinical or electrographic seizures?; 2) If an ASM is used, should levetiracetam (LEV) or phenytoin/fosphenytoin (PHT/fPHT) be preferentially used?; and 3) If an ASM is used, should a long (> 7 days) versus short (≤ 7 days) duration of prophylaxis be used? The main outcomes assessed were early seizure (≤ 14 days), late seizures (> 14 days), adverse events, mortality, and functional and cognitive outcomes. We utilized Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to generate recommendations.
Results
The initial literature search yielded 1,988 articles, and 15 formed the basis of the recommendations. PICO 1: While there was no significant impact of ASM on the outcomes of early or late seizure or mortality, meta-analyses demonstrated increased adverse events and higher relative risk of poor functional outcomes at 90 days with prophylactic ASM use. PICO 2: We did not detect any significant positive or negative effect of PHT/fPHT compared to LEV for early seizures or adverse events, though point estimates tended to favor LEV. PICO 3: Based on one decision analysis, quality-adjusted-life-years were increased with a shorter duration of ASM prophylaxis.
Conclusions
We suggest avoidance of prophylactic ASM in hospitalized adult patients with acute, non-traumatic ICH (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence). If used, we suggest LEV over PHT/fPHT (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence) for a short duration (≤ 7 days, weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence).
Effect of factors on the space between the posterior capsule and IOL
Authors: da longd , zhou zhengbing , liu xiaohong , hu ping , long jinyi , xv ling , zhou chuyi , ye yuhong , wu xue
Published: December 2024

Objects: to evaluate the effect of factors on the space between the posterior capsule and IOL.
Methods: A total of 126 patients were included in the study. All patients underwent AS-OCT examinations after surgery. The relationship between the posterior capsule-IOL (PC-IOL) adhesion range and various factors, including IOL type, follow-up period, axial length, and lens thickness, were analyzed.
Results : When the follow-up period was shorter than 1 week, the proportion of PC-IOL adhesion range greater than 1/2 in the ZA9003, softec, SN6ATX, and 525 groups was 66.7%, 78.9%, 25%, and 53.8%, respectively. When the follow-up period was longer than 1 month, these proportions increased to 75%, 100%, 40.8%, and 100%, respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, only the IOL types and follow-up period were statistically significant, while axial length and lens thickness were not statistically significant.
Conclusion:The follow-up period and IOL types affect the space between the IOL and the posterior capsule, whereas axial length and lens thickness do not. Among the four IOL types studied, the softec IOL has the strongest adhesive power, while the SN6ATX IOL has the weakest.