bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calcium fluoride films with 2-10 nm thickness on Silicon-(111): growth, diagnostics, study of the through current transport
Authors: Banshchikov A. G.  , Vexler M. I.  , Ivanov I.A.  , Illarionov Yu. Yu.  , Sokolov N. S.  , Suturin S. M.
Published: January 2023

Epitaxial calcium fluoride (CaF2) layers with a nominal thickness up to 10 nm on the (111)-oriented Silicon (Si) are obtained. Surface topographies of the fluoride films are recorded and the current-voltage characteristics of the Au/CaF2/Si structures are studied. On a qualitative level, these structures exhibited all the features usual for metal-insulator-semiconductor systems. The current-voltage curves of the samples were reproduced by modeling considering a finite (0.1-1 nm) value of the standard thickness deviation of the dielectric CaF2 film. Keywords: calcium fluoride, thin films, MIS structure, leakage current.
Polaron mass of carriers in a thin film on ionic substrates
Authors: Maslov A. Yu.  , Proshina O. V.
Published: January 2023

A new approach to establishing a strong electron--phonon interaction in heterostructures is proposed. A three-layer structure consisting of an ionic substrate, a semiconductor film, and a covering dielectric (with air or vacuum possibly serving as such a dielectric) is examined. Interface optical phonons emerge near the heterointerface. Their parameters are governed by the dielectric properties of the substrate. It is demonstrated that the effective mass of carriers in the film is altered in the presence of interface phonons. Depending on the substrate ionicity, the magnitude of this change may vary from several tens to hundreds of percent. It is shown that the conditions for strong electron--phonon interaction may be established in a large number of semiconductor films. Measurements of the effective mass of carriers in identical films positioned on different substrates should make it possible to identify a transition from a weak electron--phonon interaction to a strong one. Keywords: electron--phonon interaction, effective mass, interface phonons, polaron, thin films.
Surface-emitting quantum-cascade lasers with a grating formed by focused ion beam milling
Authors: Babichev A. V.  , Mikhailov D. A.  , Kolodeznyi E. S.  , Gladyshev A. G.  , Voznyuk G. V.  , Mitrofanov  M.I .  , Denisov D. V.  , Slipchenko S. O.  , Lyutetskii A. V.  , Dudelev V. V.  , Evtikhiev V. P.  , Karachinsky L. Ya.  , Novikov I. I.  , Sokolovskii G. S.  , Pikhtin N. A.  , Egorov A. Yu.
Published: January 2023

The results of studies of 7.5-8.0 μm range surface-emitting ring quantum-cascade lasers are presented. A second-order diffraction grating with a calculated coupling coefficient of ~9 cm-1 is formed on the entire surface of the ring cavity by focused ion beam milling. Surface-emitting lasing at room temperature near 7.75 μm with a threshold current density of ~8 kA/cm2 and an outer radius of the ring cavity of 202 μm is demonstrated. The results of studying the intensity distribution in the far-field near the normal to the surface showed the presence of two maxima. It is shown that the implemented coupling coefficient is not sufficient to ensure single-mode lasing in the studied ring quantum-cascade lasers. Keywords: superlattices, quantum-cascade laser, epitaxy, indium phosphide, focused ion beam milling.
Structure and morphology effects on sensing properties Cd-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Pb-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-S films
Authors: Maskaeva L. N.  , Vaganova I. V.  , Markov V. F.  , Bezdetnova A. E.  , Selyanina A. D.  , Voronin V. I.  , Selyanin I. O.
Published: January 2023

Polycrystalline films of CdxPb1-xS (0.021≤x≤0.090) supersaturated substitutional solid solutions with a cubic structure B1 (Fm3m space group) have been obtained with varying cadmium acetate salt Cd(CH3COO)2 in the reaction mixture within 0.01-0.10 mol/l on the sitall substrates. Their thickness changed from ~0.4 to ~1.0 microns. A correlation has been established between the structural-morphological and functional properties of CdxPb1-xS thin-film layers. The extreme character of the voltage sensitivity dependence on the cadmium salt concentration in the reaction bath is associated with the nonmonotonic introduction of cadmium into the PbS crystal lattice. It is shown that the maximum photocurrent is possessed by CdxPb1-xS thin-film layers formed from crystallites with pronounced faceting. We have found the surface sensitivity of the CdxPb1-xS films to the presence of ~0.02 mg/m3 NO2 in the air, which is significantly lower than the maximum allowable concentration. Keywords: chemical bath deposition, film morphology, structural properties, CdxPb1-xS solid solution, photosensitivity, sensing properties.
Current generation in Pd/InP structures in hydrogen medium
Authors: Shutaev V. A.  , Grebenshchikova E. A.  , Sidorov V. G.  , Yakovlev Yu. P.
Published: January 2023

The current generation mechanism in Pd/InP Schottky diodes has been studied in the range of 90-300 K in vacuum, hydrogen-nitrogen mixture of concentration from 4 to 100 vol.%, and under illuminating of the structures by LED with the wavelength of 0.9 μm, corresponding to the absorption edge in InP. It was shown that at low temperature (T=90 K) I-V characteristics of the structures in vacuum have rectifying character with the barrier height of 130-150 meV. In hydrogen-nitrogen medium the barrier height decreases almost to zero with increasing the temperature to 300 K due to palladium work function decreasing. It was demonstrated that under simultaneous impact of illumination (λ=0.9 μm) and hydrogen-nitrogen mixture there are two opposite directed electron flows in the structures, one of which is related to the LED illumination and the other one to hydrogen absorption in palladium layer. Keywords: palladium, Pd/InP, hydrogen, work function, potential barrier.
Comparing the Use of a Mobile App and a Web-Based Notification Platform for Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Influenza Immunization: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bota A Brianne , Bettinger Julie A , Sarfo-Mensah Shirley , Lopez Jimmy , Smith David P , Atkinson Katherine M , Bell Cameron , Marty Kim , Serhan Mohamed , Zhu David T , McCarthy Anne E , Wilson Kumanan
Published: January 2023

Background

Vaccine safety surveillance is a core component of vaccine pharmacovigilance. In Canada, active, participant-centered vaccine surveillance is available for influenza vaccines and has been used for COVID-19 vaccines.

Objective

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of using a mobile app for reporting participant-centered seasonal influenza adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) compared to a web-based notification system.

Methods

Participants were randomized to influenza vaccine safety reporting via a mobile app or a web-based notification platform. All participants were invited to complete a user experience survey.

Results

Among the 2408 randomized participants, 1319 (54%) completed their safety survey 1 week after vaccination, with a higher completion rate among the web-based notification platform users (767/1196, 64%) than among mobile app users (552/1212, 45%; P<.001). Ease-of-use ratings were high for the web-based notification platform users (99% strongly agree or agree) and 88.8% of them strongly agreed or agreed that the system made reporting AEFIs easier. Web-based notification platform users supported the statement that a web-based notification-only approach would make it easier for public health professionals to detect vaccine safety signals (91.4%, agreed or strongly agreed).

Conclusions

Participants in this study were significantly more likely to respond to a web-based safety survey rather than within a mobile app. These results suggest that mobile apps present an additional barrier for use compared to the web-based notification–only approach.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05794113; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05794113
Sailing on Encrypted Seas: The Archive and Digital Memory in African and Diasporic Futurism
Authors: Furiasse Amanda
Published: January 2023

Digitization has commonly been marketed as a predictive technology that can enable humanity to intercede into the future. This faith in digital media’s prophetic powers, however, obfuscates the fact that digitization is unavoidably stuck in the past. In effect, digitization transforms the past into highly mutable and volatile data sets that are persistently rewritten by computer’s memory refresh circuits. While some lament this temporal incongruity as problematic to the archival process, African and diasporic futurist artists are utilizing digital distortion as an opportunity to emplace the archival process within the sea and reimagine the archive as an impermanent, transitory, and fluid practice that has the capacity to usher in a more culturally and scientifically nuanced understanding of memory. This article explores the capacity of the sea to reorientate digital humanities scholarship around the cyclical interplay between machinic, environmental, and human social systems and craft historiographical methods around envisioning a viable future for humanity.
Determinants of Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty (Case Study of Café Grind & Pull Makassar)
Authors: Said Miah , Tiong Piter
Published: January 2023

The lifestyle of drinking coffee is currently becoming a trend among people in the millennial era. This is the reason for the growth of the domestic coffee shop industry.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service quality, price on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. In addition to testing the effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty and testing the role of customer satisfaction in mediating the effect of service quality, price (price) on customer loyalty. This study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory method, namely in the research being conducted is to explain the symptoms that arise in a research subject. The data analysis technique of this study used Amos' SEM, where the findings of this study were that service quality and price had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty at Grind & Pull, Makassar.
INSTITUCIONALNI MODELI REGULACIJE KONFLIKATA U PODIJELJENIM DRUŠTVIMA
Authors: Vukojevic Stefan
Published: January 2023

Političko-institucionalno uređenje predstavlja jedno od najvažnijih pitanja vezanih za podijeljena društva. Obzirom da se radi o politički nestabilnim društvima, veoma je važno na koji način se vlast može dijeliti i ko sve može učestvovati u toj vlasti. Prema tome, u radu se prikazuju različiti institucionalni modeli koji se primjenjuju u podijeljenim društvima, kao i uslovljenost takvih modela različitim društvenim i političkim kontekstima. U prvom poglavlju se pravi razlika između pluralnih i podijeljenih društava i naglašava se strukturalna specifičnost podijeljenih društava. Drugo poglavlje problematizuje demokratski princip vladavine većine u podijeljenim društvima. Zbog veoma osjetljivih političkih odnosa između društvenih segmenata, institucionalni aranžmani se ne mogu svesti isključivo na političku participaciju i kompeticiju već moraju osigurati i dodatne političke garancije, pogotovo za manjinske društvene segmente. Stoga, treće poglavlje daje prikaz institucionalnih modela dolaska na vlast i organizovanja vlasti. Ta tri modela su konsocijacijski, centripetalni i model razdvajanja vlasti, te su prikazani kroz oblik horizontalne i vertikalne organizacije vlasti, kao i tipa izbornog sistema. Budući da institucionalni okviri funkcionišu u različitim političkim i društvenim miljeima, u četvrtom poglavlju se ukazuje na uslovljenost institucionalnih modela različitim kontekstualnim faktorima koji pospješuju ili ograničavaju institucionalnu djelotvornost.
RETORIČKA SVOJSTVA PARLAMENTARNE DEBATE O KOSOVU I METOHIJI 2022. GODINE
Authors: Perisic Nikola , Kalicanin Boris
Published: January 2023

Rad prikazuje kakav debatni stil su koristili predsednici poslaničkih grupa prilikom diskusije u Narodnoj skupštini koja se vodila o temi Kosova i Metohije tokom posebne sednice u septembru 2022. godine. Istraživanje je urađeno primenom metoda analize sadržaja i retoričke analize kroz okvir teorije parlamentarne debate. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da postoji jasna razlika u argumentaciji između opozicionih političkih stranaka koje spadaju u nacionalni blok, opozicionih političkih partija građanskog usmerenja i političkih stranaka koje čine trenutnu vladajuću većinu. Uz to, primento je da je većina predstavnika poslaničkih grupa ponovilo opštepoznate tačke bez konkretnog plana kako da se situacija na Kosovu i Metohiji reši.
STRUKTURNE PROMENE MULTILATERALNE DIPLOMATIJE EVROPSKE UNIJE U GENERALNOJ SKUPŠTINI UJEDINJENIH NACIJA
Authors: Đurčević Cucić Miljana
Published: January 2023

Predmet rada su strukturne promene multilateralne diplomatije Evropske unije (EU) posmatrane kroz unapređenje njenog diplomatskog sistema Ugovorom iz Lisabona i unapređeni položaj posmatrača u Generalnoj skupštini Ujedinjenih nacija (GSUN) koja je glavni organ stvaranja politike i predstavljanja u Organizaciji Ujedinjenih nacija. Primenom Ragijevog (John Ruggie) teorijskog pristupa i metoda diplomatske analize multilateralne prakse izvršeno je sagledavanje ostvarivanja multilateralnog diplomatskog delovanja EU u GSUN i pre sticanja unapređenog položaja posmatrača u UN i posle ostvarenog sticanja ovog jedinstvenog položaja. Cilj rada je da se izdvoje pouzdani međaši empirijsko-teorijske podloge povećanja teorijske refleksije izmena multilateralne diplomatije EU i izmena koje svojim multilateralnim diplomatskim delovanjem u GSUN vrši na ovoj globalnoj platformi na multilateralnu diplomatiju sveta. Prvi deo rada posvećen je teorijskoj refleksiji određenja inovativnosti diplomatije EU i prepoznavanju njenog elementarnog doprinosa postojećem diplomatskom sistemu. Drugo poglavlje odnosi se na hronološki prikaz izmena položaja i diplomatske aktivnosti EU pri UN do Ugovora iz Lisabona, kako bi se zatim u narednom poglavlju detaljno opisala diplomatska izmena EU u institucionalnom, normativnom i praktičnom smislu. U skladu sa tim pregledom diplomatskih izmena delovanja EU pri GSUN izdvajaju se glavne posebnosti u načinu vođenja EU diplomatije. Ključni nalaz je da multilateralni diplomatski DNK Evropske unije drži osnovu njenog diplomatskog preduzetništva u GSUN snažnom, uprkos bitnim unutrašnjim promenama i promenama svog diplomatskog sistema. Zaključno, inovativnost u diplomatiji EU ključni je element budućih naraštaja diplomatskih aktivnosti globalnih aktera gde se EU posmatra kao model koji je ujedno i jak globalni akter ali i model koji treba pratiti.
SUMRAK DEMOKRATIJE
Authors: Dostanic Dusan
Published: January 2023

Prikaz:
Applebaum, Anne. 2020. Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism. New York: Doubleday, 224 str.
ŽIVOTNA SREDINA I KLIMATSKE PROMENE – GDE JE SRBIJA DANAS?
Authors: Todorovic Lazic Jelena
Published: January 2023

Nekadašnje EU Poglavlje 27 – Životna sredina i klimatske promene danas se nalazi u okviru Klastera 4 – Zelena agenda i održiva povezanost. Zajedno sa njim, tu su još tri poglavlja – Poglavlje 14 Transportna politika, Poglavlje 15 Energetika, Poglavlje 21 Trans-evropske mreže. Pobrojana poglavlja su najdirektnije povezani sa politikom zaštite životne sredine.
DRAGOLJUB JOVANOVIĆ: RAZMIŠLJANJA O SLOBODI I MORALU
Authors: Nedeljkovic Radica
Published: January 2023

Mnogim značajnim ljudima istorija je tek odredila pravo mesto. Nekad se neko vreme u kome dominiraju „pobednici” ogreši o nekim ljudima, međutim, prave vrednosti vreme ne briše. Kad tad bez obzira na sva potiskivanja i sakrivanja jačinom svoje vrednosti razgrnu tamu i isplivaju na svetlo dana. Jedan od intelektualaca koji je došao u sukob sa dva autoritarna sistema, oličena u dve autoritarne ličnosti (Pašić i Tito), koji je mnogo nepravdi i zla pretpeo od njih, dugo bio zaboravljen, a koji se svojom veličinom i svojim delima u punom sjaju vraća na naučnu scenu Srbije je i dvostruki doktor Sorbone – Dragoljub Jovanović. Cilj ovog ogleda je dvostruk: sa jedne strane on bi predstavljao još jedan doprinos istinskoj rehabilitaciji nepravedno potisnutog i zaboravljenog značajnog srpskog intelektualca, a sa druge strane, njegovo shvatanje slobode i morala, posebno moralnih vrednosti, može biti korisno u traganju za moralnim orjentirima u vremenima amoralnog moralizma i „liberalnog fašizma”. U cilju da se ukaže na doprinos Dragoljuba Jovanovića, shvatanju slobode i morala, u radu će se korišćenjem istorijske, komparativne metode i metode teorijske analize, analitički pristupiti i teorijski objasniti trendovi promena u shvatanju slobode i morala, imajući u vidu istorijsku genezu, da njihov savremeni oblik predstavlja, u velikoj meri, odjek onoga što se dešavalo u prošlosti. Društveni i naučni cilj ovog rada sadržan je u afirmaciji poruke koju nam Dragoljub šalje i svojim delom svedoči, a koja treba da nam bude nit vodilja u ovim vremenima: moral i sloboda nisu fizičke kategorije već stanje duha. Čovek je iznutra slobodan i niko nikada ne može da mu oduzme slobodu i da ga natera da bude nemoralan ako sam na to ne pristane.
ARKTIČKI GEOSTRATEŠKI OBRUČ
Authors: Vignjevic marko
Published: January 2023

Empirija međunarodnih odnosa razvija se u traganju za novim gledištima sa kojih se dalje posmatraju i tumače svetski politički tokovi. Ovaj rad posvećeno tome nudi jedan analitički model – geostrateški obruč koji je rezultat izvesnog zapažanja u multipolarizovanom međudržavnom poretku. Zbog svog geografskog položaja, države konkurenti (regionalne i globalne sile) nalaze se jedna do druge, ili međusobno dovoljno blizu, tako da svojim položajem fizički formiraju obruč oko određene oblasti u svetu. Težnja svake od njih je da u toj oblasti obezbedi potpuni ili što je moguće veći strateški uticaj, što nosi u sebi rizik od potencijalno eskalirajućih tenzija. Između rivala u geostrateškom obruču može doći ili do direktnog oružanog sukoba ili šire saradnje koja, radi regionalne i svetske bezbednosti, treba da uravnoteži strateške interese. Saradnju (bezbednosnu, ekonomsku, političku, kulturološku) pokreću svest rivala o pogubnim posledicama oružane konfrontacije i indikator zajedničkog interesa – zajedničko rešavanje regionalno-globalnih problema koji pogađaju i same rivalske države. Regionalne organizacije ili drugi multilateralni formati javljaju se kao adekvatni kooperativni mehanizmi u geostrateškom obruču. Konstatacija iz priloženog zapažanja je da se geostrateški obruč za sada obrazuje oko dve oblasti u svetu, oko Centralne Azije i Arktika koji je inače i predmet istraživanja ovog rada. Prvi deo rada na temelju multipolarizacije međunarodnih odnosa objašnjava model geostrateškog obruča, njegovu strukturu (okvir, vektor strateškog interesa i centar) i unutrašnju dinamiku, dok se, primenom datog modela, u drugom delu konkretnije analizira arktičko pitanje.
PRIMORDIJALISTIČKO STANOVIŠTE O NACIONALNOM IDENTITETU
Authors: Milosavljević Stević Milena
Published: January 2023

Autorka u radu objašnjava nastanak, razvoj i političke implikacije primordijalističkog stanovišta o nacionalnom identitetu. Iako u akademskoj literaturi postoji mišljenje da je primordijalizam prevaziđen, u radu ćemo pokazati je prisutan na političkom nivou, kroz različite modalitete izražavanja. Primordijalističko shvatanje identiteta rehabilitovali su društveni istraživači i politički lideri.
Discrete-Time Modelling and State Feedback Control of a DC Motor with Inertial Load
Authors: Alves Uiliam Nelson Lendzion Tomaz , Breganon Ricardo , Pivovar Luiz Eduardo , Almeida João Paulo Lima Silva de , Martins Luís Fabiano Barone , Barbara Gustavo Vendrame , Palácios Rodrigo Henrique Cunha , Mendonça Marcio
Published: January 2023

The position control in electromechanical systems can many times be performed by direct current (DC) motors. Due to this, the control of these devices is studied via several control strategies in the literature. In this work, the modeling of a direct current motor with coupled load is presented, including the experiments performed to obtain the main system’s parameters and the dynamic’s discretization process. The discretization is taking into account in order to allow the controller to be performed by a computer. From the obtained model, the state feedback control approach along with an observer was explored to create a digital controller for the considered DC motor. The obtained results, both from the simulation and the experimental setup, show that the obtained model is valid. Moreover, it is possible to conclude that the proposed control strategy conducts to appropriate results both in simulations and in experimental tests.
Factors affecting income smoothing practice: Insights from the Indonesian capital market
Authors: Suyono Eko , Wiratno Adi , Purwati Atiek Sri , Suparlinah Irianing , Mustafa Rasyid Mei , Lestari Puji
Published: January 2023

The objective of this quantitative study is to examine the factors that influence income smoothing practices in the Indonesian capital market, including share ownership by groups/institutions, family-owned firms, and industrial sectors, with firm size serving as a control variable. This study used a purposive sampling technique to acquire a sample of 112 businesses over the years 2017 to 2021, yielding 560 observations by using a panel data approach. The findings indicate that neither share ownership by a group/institution nor a family-owned firm has a substantial impact on income smoothing practice. Among industrial sectors, only the sector of consumer products significantly influences income smoothing. As a control variable, business size has a favorable influence on income smoothing. This paper provides empirical evidence on financial accounting research, namely on the subject of income smoothing and the quality of earnings reporting, despite a number of limitations, such as a relatively short observation period.
The managerial entrenchment: The paradox of law and acts in state-owned enterprises in Cameroon
Authors: Lagmango Virginie Laurette , Feudjo Jules Roger , Zogning Félix
Published: January 2023

In Cameroon’s state-owned enterprises (SOEs), a number of managers have succeeded in maintaining their positions as the head of the corporation, paradoxically with disappointing results. Based on this unorthodox practice, this study strives to understand and explain the strategic levers used by these managers to maintain their positions at the top of the company, based on 12 cases in SOEs. The results corroborate existing knowledge and make it possible to identify the singular contingencies in the instrumentalization and instrumentation practices of governance bodies and structures that enable manager entrenchment.
QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT IN CHILDREN AND THEIR CAREGIVERS SUFFERING FROM ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND/OR ASTHMA
Authors: Wadhawan Pallavi , Gupta Neeraj , Prakriti * , Sachdev Anil
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis (AR) are among the most
prevalent diseases worldwide and they frequently persist throughout
life. These have significant effect on physical, financial and mental
wellbeing of patients and caregivers. There have been few attempts
previously, assessing quality of life in affected families suffering
from these diseases. However, data from developing countries are scarce.
Quality of life (QOL) assessment in children and caregivers of patients
suffering can help in symptomatic management and provide inputs for
better utilization of resources to achieve optimal treatment. Methods:
Patient and caregiver QOLs were ascertained using mPAQLQ and PACQLQ
respectively in the study and correlated with disease severity and
chronicity using parametric and non-parametric statistical tools.
Results: There were 246 pairs of children diagnosed with Asthma and/or
AR and their caregivers attending the Pediatric Allergy and Asthma
clinic. Symptom score, emotional domain and activity limitation in
children did not validate a statistically significant difference in QOL
in various grades of AR/Asthma (p=0.632)(p=0.772), (p=0.496) (p=0.918)
and (p=0.384), (p=0.561) respectively. Additionally there was no
significant correlation between the severity of asthma and caregiver
emotional disturbance (p=0.594) or caregiver activity limitation
(p=0.446). Conclusions: Quality of life in children and caregivers where
children are suffering from either AR or Asthma, or both has not shown
any significant difference as per the disease severity or chronicity in
various domains. There was no significant difference in quality of life
noted as per change in age group, gender of patients or education status
of caregivers.
Determination of Design Criteria for Composite Drive Shaft in Automobiles
Authors: Altın Beytullah , Altınbay Bekem Aylin , Ünal Ahmet
Published: January 2023

Thanks to their superior properties such as light weight, higher strength and stiffness, corrosion resistance, the use of plastic matrix composites become attractive in many applications. The weight reduction in the automotive sector is one of these applications. By use of plastic matrix composites, weight and CO2 emission reduction in automobiles could be achieved easily. In this study, carbon fiber and epoxy matrix were processed via filament winding method to produce composite drive shaft. Prior to production, finite element modeling were performed to determine the safest design parameters. Various winding angles were analyzed under torsional loading and number of layer was determined according to the failure index and strength ratio criteria. As a result of the numerical analysis, it was seen that the design with the minimum cost in terms of strength was the 10-layer model with a winding angle of +/- 45 degrees. To validate the design, the composite shaft was produced with the determined configurations and tested. The fiber volume fraction and the void content of the produced composite were found as ~46% was ~0.28%, respectively. No plastic deformation was observed in the torsion test. In the flattening and drift-expansion tests, plastic deformation occurred at 39 kN and 106.5 kN, respectively. Compared with a steel shaft, the obtained composite shaft has an 80% reduction in weight, and this could lead to a 1% fuel saving in passenger vehicles.
Çevik Proje Yönetiminde Scrum Takımlarının Başarı Sınıflandırmasına Yönelik Bir ÇKKV Modeli: AHS Bütünleşik TOPSIS-Sort-B
Authors: Yegen Neslihan , Gül Sait
Published: January 2023

Rekabetçi ve değişen piyasa koşulları, firmaların çevik yaklaşımların önemini her gün daha fazla benimsemesine neden olmakta ve çevik yaklaşımlar da hızla yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, çevik yaklaşımları takip eden takımların performanslarının ölçümlenmesi de gündeme gelmektedir. Bir çerçeve sunan çevik yaklaşımlarda, çeşitli metrikler ile takımların performansları ortaya koyulmaya çalışılırken, gerçekleşen performans potansiyelin altında kalabilmektedir. Çevik koçlar, takımların potansiyellerini tam olarak ortaya koyabilmek için yönlendirici uzmanlar olarak çalışmakla birlikte, mevcut durumu da değerlendirebilecek gözlem ve bilgiye sahiptirler. Uzmanların görüş ve değerlendirmelerini içeren verilerin, takım başarı sınıflandırmasında kullanılması Çok Kriterli Karar Verme yöntemleri ile mümkün olmaktadır. Öncelikle, literatür ve uzman değerlendirmeleriyle 23 başarı kriteri belirlenmiş ve Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) yöntemi kullanılarak her kriterin, takımın başarısına etkisinin önem ağırlığı hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra, Scrum takımlarının başarı sınıflandırması, TOPSIS-sort-B ve VIKORsort yöntemleri ile yapılmış; takımlar Çok Başarılı, Başarılı ve Az Başarılı olarak performans sınıflarına atanmışlardır. Yapılan çalışma ile Scrum takımlarının başarılarına göre bir sınıflandırma elde edilmiş ve kriterlerin başarı sınıfına etkisini gösteren şablonlar yakalanarak, gelişim alanlarının saptanması hedeflenmiştir. Oluşturulan model ile takımların belirli periyotlarla başarı sınıflarının değerlendirilmesi yoluyla sürekli gelişim için bir karar destek sistemi oluşturulmuştur.
Predicting Long-Term Cognitive Impairments in Survivors after Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review
Authors: Glimmerveen Astrid , Verhulst Marlous , Verbunt Jeanine , Van Heugten Caroline , Hofmeijer Jeannette
Published: January 2023

Objective: International guidelines recommend early screening for identification of patients who are at risk of long-term cognitive impairments after cardiac arrest. However, information about predictors is not provided. A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify early predictors of long-term cognitive outcome after cardiac arrest.Methods: Scopus and PubMed were systematically searched to identify studies on early predictors of long-term cognitive outcome in patients after cardiac arrest. The population included adult cardiac arrest survivors and potential early predictors were demographics, early cognitive screening scores, imaging measures, electroencephalographic measures, and levels of blood biomarkers. Two investigators reviewed studies for relevance, extracted data and assessed risk of bias.Results: Five articles were included. Risk of bias was assessed as low or moderate. Most detected longterm cognitive impairments were in the domain of memory. Coma duration (2 studies), early cognitive impairments by the self-developed clinical Bedside Neuropsychological Test Battery (BNTB) screener (2 studies), and high S-100B levels on day 3 (2 studies) were the most prominent identified determinants of cognitive impairment on the group level. On the individual patient level, a score on the BNTB of ≤ 94.5 predicted cognitive impairments at 6 months after cardiac arrest (1 study without external validation). Studies on brain imaging and electroencephalography are lacking. Conclusion: Early bedside cognitive screening can contribute to prediction of long-term cognitive impairment after cardiac arrest. Evidence is scarce for S-100B levels and coma duration and absent for measures derived from brain imaging and electroencephalography.
LAY ABSTRACTSurvival rates of patients after cardiac arrest have increased significantly over the past decades. However, many cardiac arrest survivors have impairments in different domains of thinking (memory, attention, and executive functions, such as planning). Early identification of survivors at risk of such impairments could guide personalized rehabilitation. However, such predictors are currently unavailable. This study reviewed the literature to identify possible early predictors for patients at risk of long-term impairments in thinking. A short, early, bedside test to screen domains of thinking during hospital admission may help to predict long-term impairments. Certain blood markers and a long duration of coma have also been associated with long-term impairments of thinking, but the evidence is weak. There are no studies on brain imaging and electroencephalography in this context.
Visual Problems are Associated with Long-Term Fatigue after Stroke
Authors: Pedersen Synne Garder , Løkholm Mari , Friborg Oddgeir , Halvorsen Marianne Berg , Kirkevold Marit , Heiberg Guri , Anke Audny
Published: January 2023

Objective: Post-stroke fatigue may be associated with functioning even in patients with mild stroke. In order to guide rehabilitation, the aim of this study was to investigate the independent contribution of 12 function-related domains to severe long-term fatigue.Design: Observational follow-up study.Subjects: A total of 144 stroke survivors (mean age 67.3, standard deviation (SD) 10.9 years) were included.Methods: Fatigue 3–4 years post-stroke was measured with the Fatigue Severity Scale (cut-off ≥5). Independent variables were the multidimensional Stroke-Specific Quality of Life scale with 12 domains, demographics, and baseline stroke characteristics.Results: Most of the participants had mild and moderate stroke. Thirty-five percent (n = 51) reported severe fatigue 3–4 years after stroke. Those living with a significant other, and working participants reported significantly less fatigue. All domains of the Stroke-specific Quality of Life scale were significantly associated with the Fatigue Severity Scale. Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and work status, the domains “energy”, “mood”, and, unexpectedly, the domain “vision”, were all variables independently associated with severe long-term fatigue.Conclusion: Stroke survivors with prominent self-reported visual problems were more likely to experience fatigue. This finding should be verified in further studies. Visual examination and visual rehabilitation may reduce fatigue in selected stroke survivors.
LAY ABSTRACTPost-stroke fatigue presumes worse outcomes for rehabilitation and recovery after stroke. More knowledge of how specific long-term consequences relate to fatigue is needed to guide care and rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to investigate whether specific areas of function are related to fatigue 3–4 years after stroke. In total, 144 stroke survivors with predominantly initial mild and moderate stroke severity were included. Self-reported questionnaires with 12 function-related areas from a stroke-specific health-related quality of life measurement were tested in relation to a fatigue scale. This study found severe fatigue in 35% of participants. All functional areas were related to fatigue. When corrected for age, sex, and marital status the domains “energy”, “mood”, and “vision” were of particular importance for severe fatigue. The results of this study indicate that stroke survivors with prominent visual problems may especially be at risk of severe fatigue.
Leder
Authors: Madsen Janne , Lindhult Erik , Gensby Ulrik
Published: January 2023

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Gender differences in Norwegian PIRLS 2016 and ePIRLS 2016 results at test mode, text and item format level
Authors: Schulz-Heidorf Katrin , Støle Hildegunn
Published: January 2023

Gender differences in reading are a common finding in international assessments with girls usually outperforming boys. This article investigates such gender differences by looking at test modes(paper-based versus digital assessments), reading purpose (literary versus informational), text features (associations between reading scores and how much students like a text) and item formatcharacteristics (multiple choice versus constructed response items). All analyses are based on dataof Norwegian fifth-grade students (n = 3610) from the most recent cycle of the Progress in International Reading Literacy Survey (PIRLS and ePIRLS) 2016. The results point towards a generalmode effect between the paper-based and digital assessment for constructed response items. Thiseffect seems to be less strong in boys, indicating that boys may be motivated to type responses on akeyboard as opposed to writing with a pen on paper. For text features, we found that boys might bedisengaged from reading when the text shows female characteristics such as a female protagonist,leading to boys’ lack of interest and, subsequently, to lower scores. The results are discussed in thelight of the test design of PIRLS and ePIRLS.
Veiledning som lederstøtte i skoleutvikling: den utfordrende oppstarten
Authors: Abrahamsen Lena , Aas Marit
Published: January 2023

Skoleledelse har betydning for skoleutvikling og påvirker dermed elevenes læring indirekte. Av den grunn trenger skolen ledere som har kunnskap om å lede endrings- og utviklingsarbeid, og en slik kompetanse kan utvikles gjennom veiledning eller coaching. I denne studien undersøker vi hva som skjer i en middels stor kommune i Norge når skoleeieren etablerer og iverksetter en veilederordning for å støtte skolenes ledergrupper i skoleutviklingsarbeidet. Innenfor rammen av aksjonsforskning undersøker vi hva som skjer når veilederteamene tar i bruk skolevurdering som redskap i oppstarten av veiledningsforløpet og skoleutviklingsarbeidet. Vi studerer også hvordan rektorenes respons på bruken av dette redskapet endrer veiledningspraksisen. Våre funn viser at vurderingen blir oppfattet som en kritikk av skolens praksis og fører til motstand hos ledergruppene. For å forstå og forklare det som skjer, drøfter vi funnene i lys av kulturhistorisk aktivitetsteori. Avslutningsvis peker vi på studiens implikasjoner i form av noen anbefalinger til andre som ønsker å støtte ledergrupper i arbeidet med skoleutvikling. 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Coaching as leadership support in school development: the challenging start-up phaseSchool leadership is important when it comes to school development and affects students’ learning indirectly. For this reason, school leaders should have knowledge about leading school development, and coaching leaders is one way to acquire such knowledge and competence. In this study, we examine what happens in a medium-sized municipality in Norway when the school owner establishes two coaching teams to support school leadership groups in their school development work. Within the framework of action research, we examine what happens when the coaching teams apply school evaluation as a tool in the start-up phase of the coaching and school development process. We also study how the principals respond to the use of this tool and how it leads to changes in the coaching practice. Our findings show that the school evaluation is perceived as a critique of the school’s practice and foster resistance within the leadership group. To understand and explain what happens we discuss our findings in light of Cultural Historical Activity Theory. Finally, we point to the study’s implications with recommendations for others who wish to support leadership groups pursuing school development.
Unngåelse som mestringsarbeid. En kvalitativ studie av jenters håndtering av sosiale utfordringer i skolen
Authors: Lund Janne , Madsen Ole Jacob , Håvås Haugland Siri , Wickstrøm Andersen Anders Johan
Published: January 2023

Mestring er et etablert begrep i arbeidet med å forebygge psykisk uhelse for ungdom. I 2020 kom mestring inn i læreplanen for grunnskolen gjennom det tverrfaglige temaet folkehelse og livsmestring. For å forstå mestring blant ungdom er konteksten og sammenhengen hvor handlingene foregår viktige momenter. I denne studien utforsker vi hva jenter selv gjør for å mestre sosiale utfordringer i skolen. Gjennom en innholdsanalyse av totalt 22 intervjuer med ti jenter om deres hverdag, og ved hjelp av begrepet arbeid, finner vi at jentenes mestringsarbeid er mangfoldig og har ulik intensjon. Unngåelse er et mestringsarbeid som er særlig utbredt. Vi forstår dette som et viktig mestringsarbeid for jentene, og drøfter hvordan våre funn kan utfordre gjengs forståelse av unngåelse. Studien inviterer dermed til en bredere forståelse av hvordan ungdom selv mestrer hverdagen sin, og hva som kan være formålstjenlig mestringsarbeid.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Avoidance as coping work. A qualitative study of how girls cope with social challenges in school
Throughout recent years, coping has become a well-established term concerning the prevention of mental ill-health for adolescents. In 2020, coping was incorporated into the curricula for secondary education concerning the interdisciplinary topic health and life skills (coping for life). To understand coping among adolescents, the context where the activity takes place is important. In this study, we explore what adolescent girls themselves do to cope with the relational challenges of everyday life in schools. Based on content analysis of 22 interviews with ten girls from Norway and by using the analytical term work, we find the girls’ coping work to be nuanced and with different intensions. Avoidance as coping work is widespread. We understand this as an important work for girls, and we discuss how our results challenge the dominant view on avoidance. Thereby, the study invites a widened understanding of how adolescents cope with their everyday life and what can be viewed as appropriate coping.
A descriptive analysis of the paradigm shift from real to reel classroom during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yadav Anuradha , Yadav Kavita , Sankhla Manisha
Published: January 2023

Medical educational institutes have begun offering online classes in preparation for the COVID-19 pandemic. The course work of MBBS phase-I was completed by an online mode of teaching, but the students' satisfaction feedback is still needed to improve online teaching. After receiving approval from the institutional ethical committee, the feedback from 250 Phase-I MBBS students was collected. The student participation was voluntary and 212 students respond about online-classes feedback on the google form.  The data were collected and analyzed in Excel and SPSS software. p-value <.05 was considered significant. The majority of students (90 percent of males and 94 percent of females) use their smartphones to attend online classes, and the majority of students experience network problems often or sometimes; only 6% of students were rarely affected by network issues. Only a quarter of students were satisfied with the online mode of teaching, half were neutral and the remaining quarter were unsatisfied. The internet access issue (p-value=0.101) as well as satisfaction level (p-value =0.985) were not affected by the student residence (urban/rural). The majority of students (62%) prefer face-to-face learning in the classroom, whereas 1/4th prefer watching a live playback video of online lectures and only 1/10th choose live-online sessions. Only one-fourth of students were satisfied with online classes and the majority of students suffer from the quality of internet services. Students prefer face-to-face interactive classroom learning. Students acknowledge the benefits of online teaching with the need for further improvement.
Mindfulness based therapy intervention for reducing stress among students In senior high school during covid19 outbrake
Authors: Amalianita Berru , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze the level of stress and the effect of mindfulness based therapy in reducing stress in senior high school students. The subjects in this study were thirteen students in conditions of severe stress. This research method uses single subject research (SSR) with research design A-B-A. In determining the increase in stress, the DASS scale measurement model instrument was used. Furthermore, the data were analyzed with non-parametric statistics using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results showed that before being given mindfulness based stress therapy the students were in the heavy category. Then, after treatmen of mindfulness based therapy, the students' stress levels decreased. Based on the results of the wilxocon test, it was also found that there was a decrease in student stress before and after being given mindfulness based therapy. Thus, it can be concluded that mindfulness based therapy is effective in reducing stress levels in students during the Covid19 outbrake
Female Family Echelon and Capital Structure Decisions in Family Firm
Authors: Sumarsono Hadi
Published: January 2023

This research aims to examine how female family echelons (the presence female family on commisioner or director) effect on leverage. Sample  use in research are 1374 firms years observation from nonbank and nonfinancial sector actived trade on Indonesia Stock Exchange over 2011 to 2015. Using regression of fixed effect model, this finding suggest that family firm are less leverage than nonfamily firm. Proportion of family ownership, family commisioner and family director insignificant affect on leverage, however, relationship between family ownership and leverage are significantly nonlinear (U-shape). Female family echelons effect on leverage. Family firms more risk averse than nonfamily firm due to involvement women on family echelons.
Book Building vs Fixed Price Revisited: The Case of Indonesia
Authors: Utami Tri , Irawan Arief Surya
Published: January 2023

We revisited the evidence on how IPO methods affect return (opening, close and initial return) and why does return affects the volatility in Indonesia. As one of the emerging countries, Indonesia had a changing regulation regarding the IPO method from the fixed price to the book building method since October 2000. Using a clustering regression analysis method, we find that the opening price and initial price in the book building period are significantly higher than that in the fixed price period. Furthermore, there is no effect of the opening return on the volatility. In contrast, closing return affects the volatility positively, while the relationship between initial return and volatility shows somewhat mixed results.
Audit Quality of The Engagement Partner and Audit Firm
Authors: Sambuaga Elfina Astrella , Herusetya Antonius
Published: January 2023

This study examines the effect of the number of clients and complexity on audit quality at the audit engagement partner (AEP) and public accounting firm (PAF) levels. We use discretionary accrual and real activities manipulation models to assess the audit quality at the AEP and PAF levels. Our study examines 506 firm-year observations as our sample for the companies in the industrial sector listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Using multiple linear regressions and controlling for year and industry fixed effects, our study discovered that the client complexity handled by AEPs is associated with the declining audit quality of AEPs using discretionary accruals. However, our study discovered no relationship between the number of clients at the AEP and PAF levels, and client complexity at the PAF level that influences the audit quality. Thus, the findings of our study suggest to standard setters, capital market participants, and other stakeholders that audit quality at the AEP level remains a significant concern.
The Presence and Capabilities of Women on Board and Corporate Financial Performance: a Study on Female vs Male-dominated Industry
Authors: Permatasari Widowati Dian , Cahyono Yuli Tri , Arifin Atwal
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the women presence and their capabilities on the companies’ financial performance in company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study splits the sample into two industry categories based on gender domination which are female and male-dominated industry. Using agency theory, resourced based theory and human capital theory, this study find that  the presence of a women on board has a significant positive impact on the company's financial performance as measured on market basis. In addition, their capability - such as education background in economics/business/finance and relevant work experience - have significant positive impact on the company's accounting performance. These results are seen mainly in the entire sample group and the male-dominated sample group.