bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pondasi Bangunan pada Permukiman Lahan Basah Tepian Sungai
Authors: Oktarini Maya , B. Putra Abizard , M. Paulus Alwine. R. , Bernando Albert. N. , Safitri Wanda. A.
Published: July 2024

Pembangunan permukiman di area riparian, khususnya di tepian sungai, menimbulkan tantangan signifikan terhadap keberlanjutan lingkungan. Kawasan seperti ini sering kali bertransformasi menjadi permukiman kumuh, dengan pembangunan yang bersifat sporadis, organik, dan tanpa perencanaan yang matang. Pemilihan teknik fondasi untuk bangunan di kawasan ini tidak hanya merupakan isu keberlanjutan lingkungan tetapi juga menyangkut aspek sosial-ekonomi serta keamanan penghuninya.  Penelitian kuantitatif yang dilakukan di tepian Sungai Musi, Palembang, bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jumlah rumah dengan pondasi kayu dan beton, serta memahami preferensi masyarakat setempat terhadap material pondasi yang digunakan. Melalui metode analisis deskriptif dari data 433 unit rumah, ditemukan bahwa mayoritas, yakni 344 unit, menggunakan pondasi kayu, sementara 89 unit lainnya menggunakan pondasi beton. Dari jumlah rumah dengan pondasi kayu, 183 pemilik memilih untuk mempertahankan penggunaan kayu, sementara 161 orang lainnya mempertimbangkan untuk beralih ke pondasi beton, umumnya didorong oleh persepsi kekuatan dan ketahanan terhadap ombak. Namun, faktor ekonomi tetap menjadi pertimbangan utama, dengan indikasi bahwa beton, meskipun kuat, dapat menimbulkan biaya konstruksi yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, penggunan pondasi beton pada rumah di riparian memerlukan penelitian mendalam, untuk menjamin bahwa pembangunan rumah tidak hanya ekonomis, tetapi juga aman dan berkelanjutan.
New records of two rare species of green algae (Chlorophyta) from snowfields of the Subpolar Urals and the Western Sayan
Authors: Novakovskaya I. V. , Patova E. N. , Makeeva E. G. , Shadrin D. M.
Published: July 2024

Two rare species, Chlamydomonas proteus and Xerochlorella minuta, were isolated from snow samples in sites of “algal blooms” in the Subpolar Urals and Western Sayan. As a result of the study of strains using light microscopy and molecular genetic methods (the nucleotide sequence analysis of 18S and ITS2 rDNA), new data on morphology, ecology and distribution of these species were obtained. The data expanded the species’ diagnostic characteristics. Chlamydomonas proteus is the first record on Russian territory supported by molecular studies.
The Evolution of Blockchain Technology: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Mondal Surajit ,   Abacus Institute of Engineering and Management, Hooghly, West Bengal, India, Goswami Shankha Shubhra ,   Abacus Institute of Engineering and Management, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
Published: July 2024

Blockchain technology, originating with Bitcoin in 2008, has evolved significantly, expanding beyond its initial purpose of facilitating peer-to-peer transactions. This paper aims to explore the multifaceted landscape of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies, investigating its diverse applications, challenges, future directions, and implications. The objectives include analyzing the evolution of blockchain technology, identifying its applications across industries, addressing challenges such as scalability and regulatory uncertainty, and proposing future directions for innovation. Significantly, blockchain's decentralized and immutable nature offers potential solutions to longstanding issues in finance, supply chain management, healthcare, and beyond. Motivated by the transformative potential of blockchain, stakeholders are investing in research and development to overcome challenges and harness its benefits. Implications include the need for collaboration among stakeholders to address challenges and the potential for blockchain to drive innovation and reshape industries. In conclusion, while blockchain technology faces hurdles such as scalability and regulatory uncertainty, ongoing innovation, and collaboration offer promising opportunities for realizing its full potential and achieving a decentralized digital future.
Evaluation of Serum Amino Acid and Carnitine Profile in Dogs with Transmissible Venereal Tumor
Authors: Akkuş Tuğra , Yaprakcı Ömer , Özaslan Nida
Published: July 2024

The presented study aimed to reveal the changes in serum amino acid and carnitine profiles in dogs with transmissible venereal tumor (TVT). The study material comprised 40 female dogs ranging in age from 3 to 5 years. The dogs were divided into two groups based on genital organ examinations. Group 1 (n=20) consisted of healthy dogs, while Group 2 (n=20) consisted of TVT-positive dogs. Blood samples were taken from dogs in both study groups, and serum was obtained. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for the determination of carnitine and amino acid profiles. The obtained data were compared using an independent samples t-test. The serum amino acid profiles of Lysine, Aspartic Acid, Tyrosine, Asparagine, Alanine, Arginine, Citrulline, Glutamic Acid, Glycine, Methylglutaryl, Phenylalanine, and Ornithine were found to be lower in the TVT group (P
Gloss discrimination: Towards an image-based perceptual model
Authors: Cheeseman Jacob Raleigh , Ferwerda James , Morimoto Takuma , Fleming Roland
Published: July 2024

Gloss is typically considered the perceptual counterpart of a surface’s specular reflectance characteristics, much as color is the perceptual counterpart of a surface’s diffuse reflectance spectrum. In many contexts, it is tempting to ask how discriminable two surfaces are on the basis of their reflectance properties. Yet, as we argue here, this is a poorly-posed question, as factors other than reflectance (e.g., lighting, shape, viewpoint) can have substantial effects on how discriminable two images of glossy surfaces are to human participants. This fundamental difficulty with predicting gloss discrimination, whether from a physical measurement or from proximal image data, has so far hobbled efforts to establish a rigorously defined perceptual standard for surface gloss, similar to those that exist for color. Here, we propose an experimental framework for making this problem tractable, starting from the premise that any perceptual standard of gloss discrimination must account for how distal scene variables influence the statistics of proximal image data. With this goal in mind, we rendered a large set of images in which shape, illumination, viewpoint, and surface roughness were varied. For each combination of viewing conditions, a fixed difference in surface roughness was used to create a pair of images showing the same object (from the same viewpoint and under the same lighting) with high and low gloss. Human participants (N=150) completed a paired comparisons task in which they were required to select image pairs with the largest apparent gloss difference. Importantly, rankings of the scenes derived from these judgments represent differences in perceived gloss independent of physical reflectance. We find that these rankings are remarkably consistent across participants, and are well predicted by a straightforward Visual Differences Predictor (Daly, 1992; Mantiuk et al., 2023). This allows us to estimate reasonable bounds on visual discriminability for a given surface across a wide range of viewing conditions. This has potential applications in both vision science, computer graphics and industrial contexts.
The Inauthentic Online Self: Perceptions of Naturalness Drive Judgments of Authenticity
Authors: Uhl Matthias , Knobe Joshua
Published: July 2024

People sometimes behave differently depending on whether they are interacting online (by email, social media, etc.) vs. interacting in person. Four studies test the hypothesis that when an agent’s behavior is different online vs. in person, people think that the online behavior is less reflective of who the agent truly is deep down. Study 1 found that the very same behavior is regarded as less reflective of the true self when it is performed online. Study 2 showed that this effect is not merely a matter of perceived impression management. Study 3 found that there is a general tendency such that behavior is seen as more reflective of the true self when it is performed in an environment regarded as “natural.” In Study 4, a manipulation that led participants to see online behavior as more natural had a downstream effect on the degree to which this behavior was seen as reflecting the true self. Taken together, these results suggest that people’s judgments about online behavior are not simply a reflection of idiosyncratic facts about the online sphere in particular but are instead driven in part by a far more general psychological process involving perceptions of naturalness.
Defining Protective Resilience: The 85% Threshold for Personality Development and Mental Health Risk Reduction
Authors: Rossouw Jurie Geldenhuys
Published: July 2024

Background: Effective primary prevention strategies can help mitigate rising global suicide rates. This study investigates the relationship between resilience, measured by the Predictive 6 Factor Resilience Model (PR6), and the Big Five personality traits, measured by the IPIP-NEO-120, to identify how resilience training can benefit mental health and personality development.Method: The study involved n = 2044 participants (61.1% female) who completed PR6 and IPIP-NEO-120 assessments. The PR6 assesses six domains of resilience, while the IPIP-NEO-120 measures the Big Five personality traits and 30 sub-factors. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, correlation, and effect size determination.Results: Significant correlations were found between PR6 resilience and the Big Five personality traits. Higher resilience scores were associated with a 2.9-fold reduction in Neuroticism, 52% higher Conscientiousness and 65% higher Extraversion. Notably, increases in resilience were linked to a 5.6-fold reduction in depression, a 4.2-fold reduction in anxiety, and a 5.9-fold reduction in emotional vulnerability. A PR6 score threshold of 85% was identified where participants exhibited marked improvements in personality traits and mental health protection, providing a practical target for protective resilience.Conclusion: Higher resilience is found to have significant positive relationships with personality traits, reducing Neuroticism and increasing Conscientiousness and Extraversion. Given a modern understanding of personality traits as changeable, this suggests resilience training could be a viable approach for mental health prevention and personality development, with substantial preventative implications for depression, anxiety, vulnerability, and improving overall well-being, particularly at PR6 = 85%.
Method for Sample Size Determination for Cluster-Randomized Trials Using the Bayes Factor
Authors: Ibañez Camila Natalia Barragan , Moerbeek Mirjam
Published: July 2024

Determining sample size is crucial in research study design. The hierarchical structure ofthe data in cluster-randomized trials (CRTs) complicates this process, thereby necessitatingthe determination of the sample size at each level. Most methods for these trials are basedon null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), which has numerous pitfalls. Thesedrawbacks can be avoided, however, by using the Bayes factor. Current methods forsample size determination when using the Bayes factor are limited to trials withoutmultilevel structure. This study presents a method to determine the sample size for aone-period two-treatment parallel cluster-randomized trial using the Bayes factor. Weintroduce the implementation of this method in an R package. Simulation results showthat the required sample size increases with decreasing effect sizes and with increasingintraclass correlation and Bayes factors.
Do prebunking and debunking protect against novel misinformation?
Authors: Tay Li Qian , Hurlstone Mark J. , Kurz Tim , Ecker Ullrich K. H.
Published: July 2024

Misinformation can negatively influence belief formation and reasoning. To counter these influences, a range of countermeasures have been developed, the two dominant approaches being (proactive) prebunking and (reactive) debunking. While psychological research has revealed important insights into the efficacy of these interventions, the literature (1) lacks comparative analysis contrasting the two approaches, (2) has mostly used time-constrained designs that provide conducive intervention contexts, and (3) has focussed predominantly on cognitive measures, neglecting behavioural outcomes. We addressed these limitations in an experiment (N = 793) that provided two misleading articles on separate topics. We contrasted prebunking and debunking interventions that targeted the initial misinformation (article 1), and tested to what extent the interventions conferred protection against novel misinformation (article 2) either immediately or after a one-week delay. We included standard questionnaire measures of inferential reasoning as well as a text-generation task (writing a social-media post). With no delay, prebunking effectively protected against novel misinformation on both measures, while debunking effects were statistically significant only on the cognitive measure. Neither intervention was effective after a seven-day delay.
Suggestions to Improve Research on Moral Education as Interdisciplinary and International Collaboration in Korea
Authors: Han Hyemin
Published: July 2024

In this chapter, I overviewed the strengths and weaknesses of research on moral education in Korea and discussed several future directions for its improvement. I started by overviewing the interdisciplinary and international nature of moral education research to the conceptual aspect of my discussion. Based on the conceptual overview, I examined the strengths and weaknesses of moral education research in Korea. First, I suggested the organization of academic units, teacher education, and nationwide curricula for moral education as strengths. Second, with a brief analysis of journal publications, I mentioned the availability of empirical works and international visibility as current weaknesses of Korean moral education research. Finally, I suggested several future directions for moral education researchers in Korea to address the weak points while maximizing the benefits of the strengths.
Global Perspectives on Climate Crisis in Postcolonial Literature: Decolonizing Ecological Narratives
Authors: Rajiv
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the intersection of postcolonial literature and global perspectives on the climate crisis, focusing on how literary narratives decolonize ecological discourse and advocate for environmental justice. Postcolonial literature, emerging from regions formerly colonized by Western powers, offers unique perspectives on environmental issues, challenging dominant Western narratives and proposing alternative frameworks rooted in cultural and historical contexts. Through a comparative and thematic analysis of selected texts, this research examines how postcolonial authors critique colonial legacies, highlight environmental degradation’s disproportionate impact on marginalized communities, and envision sustainable futures grounded in cultural resilience and ecological stewardship.
Trading Gods: Religious Syncretism Along the Silk Road and Indian Ocean
Authors: Jaipal Vishal
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the multifaceted phenomenon of religious syncretism along the ancient Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade routes. It investigates how these historic conduits not only facilitated the exchange of goods but also served as crucibles for the transmission and amalgamation of religious beliefs, practices, and iconography across vast geographical expanses. Through a comprehensive analysis of archaeological findings, historical texts, and artistic representations, this study illuminates the intricate encounters between diverse religious traditions such as Buddhism, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam. By delving into the dynamic processes of cultural interaction and transformation that unfolded along these pivotal trade routes, this paper aims to provide insights into the enduring legacy of religious syncretism in shaping the religious and cultural landscapes of Eurasia and beyond.
Kashmir problem and United Nations
Authors: Vardhan Raja Prabuddha
Published: July 2024

India was partitioned on the basis of the two-nation theory of the Muslim League, which led to the formation of two separate states, India and Pakistan. In the Indian Independence Act 1947, it was provided that any princely state can join any state, India or Pakistan, on its own. But there was a delay in taking the decision by the King of Kashmir, Hari Singh. Due to this, Pakistan does not accept the merger of Kashmir with India and claims that Kashmir was pressurized to sign the merger document. This led to a dispute between India and Pakistan. India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru believed in the UN. This is why when Pakistan launched a tribal attack in Kashmir in 1948, Nehru appealed to the UN Security Council to resolve this problem. But due to Pakistan's involvement in the American military group during the Cold War, the UN could not take any impartial action in this matter.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
भारत का विभाजन मुस्लिम लीग के द्विराष्ट सिद्वान्त के आधार पर किया जिससे भारत तथा पाकिस्तान दो पृथक राज्य बने। भारत के स्वतंत्रता अधिनियम 1947 में यह प्रावधान किया गया कि कोई भी देशी रियासत अपनी स्वतंत्रता से किसी भी राज्य भारत तथा पाकिस्तान में सम्मलित हो सकती है। परन्तु कश्मीर के राजा हरीसिंह के द्वारा निर्णय लेने में देरी हुई इस कारण कश्मीर के भारत में विलय हो पाकिस्तान स्वीकार नही करता और यह दावा करता है कि कश्मीर पर दबाब डालकर विलय पत्र हस्ताक्षर करवाये गये इसी को लेकर भारत तथा पाकिस्तान में मध्य विवाद उत्पन्न हुआ। भारत के प्रथम प्रधानमंत्री जवाहर लाल नेहरू ने यू.एन.ओ. में आस्था रखते थे इसी कारण जब 1948 में पाकिस्तान के द्वारा कश्मीर में कबिलाई आक्रमण करवाया गया तो नेहरू ने इस समस्या के समाधान के लिए यू.एन.ओ. की सुरक्षा परिषद में अपील की गई परन्तु पाकिस्तान शीतयुद्व काल में अमरीकी सैनिक गुट में सम्मलित होने कारण यू.एन.ओ. इसमें कोई निष्पक्ष कार्यवाही सम्पन्न नही कर सका।
Keywords: स्वतंत्रता अधिनियम, स्वतंत्रता, कश्मीर, यू.एन.ओ.
Role of Shakuntala in Abhijnan Shakuntalam written by great poet Kalidas in Sanskrit literature
Authors: Saini Naresh Singh
Published: July 2024

This gradual development of Shakuntala's character as a heroine is very natural. At the end of the play, the sacrifice of life was completed with the union of co-wife, good husband and good man. This is the ultimate ideal of human life. At the center of achieving this ultimate ideal, the character of ideal heroine Shakuntala is present everywhere. All the events have happened around this. In fact, the portrayal of Shakuntala is a picture of extremely joyful sweetness. Shakuntala's simplicity is mature, serious and permanent in crime, sorrow, knowledge, patience and forgiveness. We get a glimpse of her motherhood in the ashram of sage Marich. Where the entire love of her heart overflows for her son, thus Kalidas has given a bright and unique character to the world literature by portraying Shakuntala as the living embodiment of affection, cordiality, modesty, femininity, decency, compassion and motherhood. Shakuntala has been described in this world famous drama Abhigyan Shakuntalam by the great poet Kalidas.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
नायिका के रूप में शकुंतला के चरित्र का यह क्रमिक विकास परम स्वाभाविक है। नाटक  के अंत में सपत्नी, सदपत्य तथा सत्पुमान् तीनों के सम्मिलन से जीवन यज्ञ पूर्ण हो गया। यही मानवजीवन का चरम आदर्श है। इस चरम आदर्श की प्राप्ति के केंद्र में आदर्श नायिका शकुंतला का ही चरित्र सर्वत्र विद्यमान है। इसी के इर्द-गिर्द सारी घटनाये घटी हैं। वस्तुतः शकुंतला का चित्रण अत्यंत हर्षित करने वाली मधुरिमा का चित्र है। शकुंतला की सरलता अपराध में, दुःख में, अभिज्ञता में, धैर्य में और क्षमा में परिपक्व है, गंभीर है और स्थायी है। मारीच ऋषि के आश्रम में हमें उसके मातृत्व की झलक मिलती है। जहां उस के हृदय का समग्र प्रेम पुत्र के लिए उमड़ पड़ता है इस प्रकार कालिदास ने शकुंतला को स्नेह, सौहार्द, लज्जा, नारीत्व, शालीनता और करूणा तथा मातृत्व की साक्षात् प्रतिमा के रूप में अंकित करके विश्व- साहित्य को एक पवन, समुज्ज्वल और अनुपम चरित्ररत्न प्रदान किया है। यह नाटक अभिज्ञान शाकुंतलम में महाकवि कालिदास के द्वारा यह विश्व प्रसिद्ध नाटक में शकुंतला का वर्णन किया गया है।
Keywords: मानवजीवन, चरित्र, स्नेह, सौहार्द
Origin and Development of Hindi Dalit Literature
Authors: Kumar Sanjaya
Published: July 2024

Literature is not only a mirror of the society but also a motivator of change and reform. It presents social problems before the people and also suggests ways to solve them. Apart from the real and beautiful form of the society, it also describes its distorted anomaly and inequality with neutrality. Dalit literature is neither a protector of the caste system nor a supporter of hedonism; its main objective is to establish an egalitarian society.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
साहित्य समाज का दर्पण ही नहीं अपितु परिवर्तन और सुधारक का प्रेरक भी है। यह सामाजिक समस्याओं को लोगों के सामने प्रस्तुत करने के साथ ही उसके समाधान का उपाय भी सुझाता है। यह समाज के वास्तविक और सुन्दर रूप् के अलावा उसके विकृत विसंगति एवं असमानता के रूप को तटस्थता के साथ बया करता है। दलित साहितय न तो वर्ण व्यवस्था का संरक्षक है और न ही भोगवाद का पोषक इसका मुख्य उद्देष्य समता मूलक समाज की स्थापना करना है।
Keywords: साहित्य, असमानता, तटस्थता, भोगवाद
Women's Human Rights and Constitution
Authors: Vardhan Raja Prabuddha
Published: July 2024

Half of the world's population is women. Therefore, women should also get rights as human beings. When the UN declared human rights on 10 December 1948, many women's organizations of the world demanded women's human rights. In India, women had the same rights as men since ancient times, but with time, the status of women in India also declined. But when the Constitution of India was created, a provision for basic rights was made in it. In which women were given equal rights as men.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
विश्व की सम्पूर्ण जनसंख्या की आधी आबादी महिलाओं की है। अतः महिलाओं को भी मानव होने के नाते अधिकार मिलने चाहिए। जब 10 दिसम्बर 1948 मे यू.एन.ओ. द्वारा मानवाधिकार की घोषणा की गई तब विश्व के अनेक महिला संगठनो के द्वारा महिला मानवाधिकारो की मांग की गई। भारत मे प्राचीन काल से महिलाओं को पुरूषों के समान ही अधिकार थे परन्तु समय के साथ भारत में भी महिलाओं की प्रस्थिति में गिरावट दर्ज की गई। परन्तु जब भारत के संविधान का निर्माण हुआ तो उसमें मूल अधिकारो की व्यवस्था की गई। जिसमें महिलाओं को पुरूषों के समान अधिकार प्रदान किये गये।
Keywords: महिला, मानवाधिकार, संविधान
Study on Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Monika  , Katare Rajesh kr , Tripathi SBL
Published: July 2024

In this research paper, I have thoroughly described about the topic “Study on Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications.” Metal nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates for a myriad of biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties, offering a wide array of opportunities for innovation in healthcare. This abstract discusses metal nanoparticle creation, characterization, and biomedical applications. Chemical reduction, green synthesis, physical deposition, and biological methods allow fine nanoparticle size, shape, and composition control for biomedical applications. TEM, DLS, XRD, UV-Vis, FTIR, SEM, and TGA reveal metal nanoparticles' structural, chemical, and optical properties. Metal nanoparticles are used in medication delivery, imaging contrast, targeted therapy, and diagnostics. Their small size, large surface area-to-volume ratio, and tunable optical properties make them suitable for drug delivery, where they can encapsulate and release therapeutic substances at precise body regions. Metal nanoparticles also improve illness identification and monitoring in MRI, CT, and fluorescence imaging by acting as contrast agents. They provide innovative cancer and microbial infection treatments due to their photothermal and antibacterial characteristics. Metal nanoparticles also find utility in biosensing applications, facilitating the detection of biomolecules and disease biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. Overall, the synthesis and characterization of metal nanoparticles represent a vibrant area of research with significant implications for advancing healthcare technologies, offering versatile platforms for addressing key challenges in diagnostics, therapeutics, and imaging in biomedicine.
Varna system described in Buddhist literature
Authors: Paswan Kamlesh
Published: July 2024

Jataka tales are a part of the Buddhist book Tripitaka's Khuddaka Nikaya. They contain stories of Buddha's previous births. In these stories, an attempt has been made to explain ethics and religion through entertainment. The society of the Jataka period was influenced by the traditional caste system. Tendencies to accept the superiority of castes in social relations are also seen in the Buddha era, but there it is said to give special priority to good deeds rather than caste or birth. In Buddhist literature, instructions have been given to follow morality, good conduct and good character for all the four castes, because the path to nirvana proceeds through these. But at some places Buddha has accepted that the position of Kshatriyas and Brahmins is supreme in the society; other castes are inferior to them. Buddha has called the feeling of being superior by birth meaningless, but in Buddhist literature they have been described as blameless for seven generations from the maternal and paternal side. We find mention of this concept in many Jataka tales as well. Kshatriyas, Brahmins and Gahapatis (Vaishyas) were considered to be of high caste. In Dharmashastras, Brahmins have been given the highest position, but in Buddhist literature, Kshatriyas are given the highest position, followed by Brahmins, Vaishyas and Shudras. According to Buddhist literature and Jataka tales, the position of Kshatriyas, Brahmins and Vaishyas was respectable in the society, whereas the position of Shudras and lower castes has been described as pitiable.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
जातक कथाएँ बौद्ध ग्रंथ त्रिपिटक के खुद्दकनिकाय का भाग हैं। इनमें बुद्ध के पूर्व जन्मो की कथाएँ हैं। इन कथाओं में मनोरंजन के माध्यम से नीति और धर्म को समझाने का प्रयास किया गया है। जातक कालीन समाज पारम्परिक वर्ण-व्यवस्था से प्रभावित था। सामाजिक सम्बन्धों में वर्ण की श्रेष्ठता को स्वीकार करने की प्रवृतियाँ बुद्ध युग में भी लक्षित होती है, पर वहाँ वर्ण या जन्म की अपेक्षा श्रेष्ठ कर्म को ही विशेष प्राथमिकता देने की बात कही गयी है। बौद्ध साहित्यों में चारों वर्ण के लिए शील, सदाचार, और उत्तम चरित्र के अवलम्बन का निर्देश दिया है, क्योंकि निर्वाण का मार्ग इन्हीं से होकर आगे बढ़ता है। पर कहीं-कहीं बुद्ध द्वारा स्वीकार किया गया है कि क्षत्रियों तथा ब्राह्मणों का स्थान समाज में सर्वोपरि है; अन्य जातियों का उनसे निम्न है। जन्मना श्रेष्ठ की भावना को बुद्ध ने निरर्थक कहा है, परंतु बौद्ध-साहित्य में उन्हें ही मातृ तथा पितृ पक्ष से सप्त पीढ़ियों तक निष्कलंक बतलाया गया है। इस धारणा का उल्लेख हमें कई जातक कथाओं में भी मिलता है। क्षत्रिय, ब्राह्मण तथा गहपति (वैश्य) उच्च जाति के माने गये। धर्मशास्त्र में बाह्मण का स्थान सर्वोपरि बताया गया है, पर बौद्ध साहित्य में क्षत्रिय का उसके बाद ब्राह्मण, वैश्य, शूद्रों का। बौद्ध साहित्य एवं जातक कथाओं के अनुसार समाज में क्षत्रिय, ब्राह्मण, वैश्य की स्थिति सम्मानजनक थी तो वही शूद्र एवं हीन जातियों की स्थिति को दयनीय बताया गया है।
Keywords: क्षत्रिय, ब्राह्मण, वैश्य, बुद्ध, बौद्ध ग्रंथ
Digital Transformation and SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review Using Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Vu Dang Khoa
Published: July 2024

This article uses bibliometric analysis to integrate, synthesize, and expand the knowledge regarding digital transformation and small and medium enterprises. The author examined the Web of Science (WOS) core collection database for articles between 2021 and 2023, October. For a complete record, information is collected on the publication year, keywords, document type, journal, author, affiliations, country, abstracts, and the number of citations. The co-citation, co-occurrence, and publication patterns were analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.19. The study comprised 64 papers (N = 64), of which 94% were original research articles and just 6% were review articles. The study adopted the bibliometric approach in mapping out the research focus on digital transformation and small and medium enterprises which has been given considerable attention recently. The article concludes by identifying the gaps in the literature and proposing future study possibilities.
Economic Feasibility Analysis of Investment in International Circuit Development in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ)
Authors: Rahmadi Zaenadir , Hariyadi  , Pracoyo Atas
Published: July 2024

The Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has been planned from the start to build facilities and infrastructure by creating a management concept set out in the main plan for the area with the theme of eco green tourism. One of the developments that has been developed in the Mandalika SEZ is the Mandalika International Circuit. The construction of the Mandalika Circuit certainly provides many positive aspects, especially in the local economic sector. The impact of Covid-19 in the Mandalika SEZ could trigger a decline in the tourist market. The circuit as a symbol of the Mandalika SEZ was also affected by Covid-19, this resulted in a reduction in visitors to events at the Mandalika International Circuit. So an in-depth analysis is needed regarding the changes that have occurred as a result of Covid-19, especially in the financial aspect. For feasibility from the financial aspect, cash flow calculations are used with investment feasibility parameters, namely; NPV (Net Present Value), BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio), IRR (Internal Rate of Return), and PP (Payback Period). From the analysis of the financial aspects, the NVP value was obtained with an interest rate of 8.75% per year, in the initial planning phase the value was obtained at IDR 202,628,841,832,- in 2035, then during the operational phase the NVP result was IDR 14,497,533,652,- in 2041, and the NPV multiplier effect is IDR 552,401,765,515 in 2041. The BCR value in the initial planning phase is 1.112 in 2035. During the operational phase the BCR value is 1.008 and in the phase due to the impact of the multiplier effect it is obtained The BCR value is 1.304 in 2041. The IRR value in the initial planning phase was 13.96% in 2035. In the operational phase the IRR was 12.56% and the IRR due to the impact of the multiplier effect was 14.43% in 2041 . The PP value for the initial planning phase is obtained over 8 years. Meanwhile, in the operational phase, PP was obtained for 11 years and PP due to the impact of the multiplier effect was obtained for 9 years. The Mandalika International Circuit project was declared feasible based on analysis data that had been carried out in the operational phase and due to the impact of the multiplier effect, even though it took longer than the initial planning phase.
Development of Circular Economy in Agriculture in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Pham Tuyen
Published: July 2024

The introduction of circular economy principles into closed production systems is essential to address current socio-economic and ecological challenges efficiently. This approach not only saves costs, creates job opportunities, and fosters economic growth but also promotes the sustainable use of natural resources in agriculture. Transitioning to a circular economy model in agriculture contributes to achieving sustainable development goals. In Hanoi, Vietnam, sustainable agriculture development focuses on integrating natural processes and biological resources to enhance productivity while preserving the environment. Challenges persist in shifting from conventional to organic farming methods due to certification complexities and infrastructure limitations. Despite these hurdles, organic farming adoption is increasing, positively impacting agricultural productivity and biodiversity. The gradual expansion of certified organic agriculture in Hanoi indicates promising strides toward environmental conservation and economic development through a closed-loop agricultural system.
Design of an Android-Based Dam Flood and Drought Early Warning Information System (SI BANKER) in West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Kristiawan Nyoman Yoga , Sulistiyono Heri , Setiawan Ery
Published: July 2024

Dam construction in Indonesia is currently very developed, namely 235 dams that have been built and West Nusa Tenggara Province contributes 30% of the number of dams in Indonesia, namely 70 dams spread across the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa, where 32 dams are in the Lombok River Basin and 38 dams in the Sumbawa River Basin. The current problem for the Europeanization and maintenance of existing dams in West Nusa Tenggara province is that there is no information system that can make it easier for officers at each dam to report the latest condition of the water level of each dam and provide early warning of the condition of the dam's water level whether it will be close to flood or dry conditions. Currently, to report water level conditions in each dam, officials at each dam can only report the results of water level monitoring under normal circumstances, floods or droughts only manually. The purpose of this study is to provide early warning information / notifications on flood and drought conditions in dams in West Nusa Tenggara province based on android. The research method used in the process of developing this system is the waterfall development method which consists of 5 stages, namely defining needs, designing, coding and implementation, testing and documentation. The results of this study are in accordance with the description in the previous chapter including interface implementation, system testing and evaluating the system. Evaluation is carried out to determine the shortcomings of the system, so that it can be better for future development. The conclusion of this study from the design and testing that has been carried out shows that all functions have run in accordance with the proposed system. For further research, it is recommended to create a similar Android mobile application but using a more complete framework and having many references to perfect some features in the application that are still not perfect.
Flood Control Analysis with Polder Ponds in Tegal Made Village, Sukoharjo
Authors: Abdullah M Faruqi , Hartana  , Pracoyo Atas
Published: July 2024

A good drainage system should be able to drain back stagnant water into natural channels such as rivers and sea. Puddles and floods that occurred in Nawud Village in Sukoharjo Regency due to water from existing drainage channels cannot be directly discharged into the river because when the rain occure make the water level in river was higer than the water level from existing drainage. It causes water cant be discharged by gravity process and for this reason, a temporary water reservoir is needed. Design and capacity of the planned polder depends on the volume of water runoff. In determining the amount of runoff discharge to design a polder conduct a hydrological analysis based on rain that occurs in the area of ​​the study. Water runoff discharge analysis conducted using the HSS Nakayasasu method obtained runoff peak discharge of 33,3662 m3/sec and using the HSS SCS method obtained runoff peak discharge of 25,0379 m3/sec. Dimension plan of polder obtained that 15593 m2 is area of polder with 3,58 m pool hight which is planned to accommodate 55868,58 m3 a maximum puddle volume. the planned outflow volume is carried out using flow tracking analysis and using 3 pumps with each capacity of 2 m3 / sec.
Jagdish Chandra Gupta's poetry: Social concerns
Authors: Saxena Priti
Published: July 2024

Literature is a powerful medium of expression of social consciousness. A writer or poet is also a member of the society, who has his own social position, he is also social. Literature is related to many social institutions. The poet actually chooses the basis of his poetry from the faith, environment, religion, customs and social etiquette and public behavior of the society and presents it according to his ideals. The poet represents the same society in which he is born. He has expressed social consciousness in his epic poems 'Shambuk', 'Jayant', 'Gopa Gautam'. Any original poetry is a reflection of the poet's mind. He has discussed the caste system, inequality, blind faith and customs and traditions in his poetry.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
साहित्य सामाजिक चेतना की अभिव्यक्ति का एक सशक्त माध्यम है। साहित्यकार या कवि भी स्वयं समाज का एक सदस्य है, जिसका अपना एक सामाजिक स्थान है, वह भी सामाजिक है। साहित्य का संबंध में अनेक सामाजिक संस्थाओं से है। कवि वास्तव में समाज की आस्था, वातावरण, धर्म कर्म रीति नीति तथा सामाजिक शिष्टाचार तथा लोक व्यवहार से ही अपने काव्य के उपरान्त चुनता है और उसका प्रतिपादन अपने आदर्शों के अनुरूप ही करता है। कवि उसी समाज का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है जिसमें वह जन्म लेता है। अपने प्रबंध काव्य ‘शम्बूक’ ‘जयंत’ ‘गोपा गौतम’ में सामाजिक चेतना अभिव्यक्त की है। कोई भी मौलिक काव्य कवि मानस का प्रतिरूप होता है। उन्होंने अपने काव्य में वर्ण व्यवस्था, जाति व्यवस्था, विषमता, अंध विश्वास एवं रूढ़ि परम्पराओं का विवेचन किया है।
Keywords: जगदीश चन्द्र गुप्त, काव्य, चेतना, ‘शम्बूक’ ‘जयंत’ ‘गोपा गौतम’।
Beyond the Course Reading: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in English Language and Literature
Authors: Danecha Yash. H.
Published: July 2024

In recent years, advancements in artificial intelligence have pervaded various facets of education, and learning of English Language and Literature is of no exception. Artificial intelligence assessment tools, ranging from plagiarism checkers to essay writing tools, AI chat box, can aid students in crafting content within a matter of seconds. Artificial Intelligence possesses the potentiality to transform the functioning of the educational system, enhance the competitiveness of educational institutions, and empower educators and students at all levels. The objective of this paper is to scrutinize how the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on English language and Literature. It examines how Artificial Intelligence is redefining English language and Literature while reshaping its uses. It also provides an insight by addressing concerns regarding the ethical implications and limitations on these technologies.
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pencapaian SDGs melalui Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik
Authors: Hakeu Febrianto , Alim Mohamad Steven
Published: July 2024

Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat yang berfokus pada partisipasi masyarakat dalam pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) melalui peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik adalah upaya holistik yang bertujuan mengoptimalkan dampak pembangunan berkelanjutan. Dalam konteks ini, interaksi aktif antara pemerintah dan masyarakat menjadi landasan bagi pembentukan kebijakan dan program yang lebih responsif dan relevan dengan kebutuhan lokal. Melalui pendekatan partisipatif, kegiatan ini memperkuat ikatan sosial dan saling ketergantungan antara pemerintah dan masyarakat, menciptakan kemitraan yang berkelanjutan dalam pembangunan. Lebih lanjut, partisipasi masyarakat diintegrasikan dalam perumusan kebijakan dan evaluasi pelayanan publik, yang pada gilirannya meningkatkan akuntabilitas dan transparansi. Dengan melibatkan masyarakat dalam proses kebijakan, terungkap solusi inovatif yang dapat menanggulangi tantangan pembangunan dan memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap pencapaian tujuan SDGs. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bukan hanya tentang perbaikan pelayanan publik, tetapi juga tentang membentuk fondasi untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan yang inklusif dan berdaya masyarakat di seluruh dunia.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Gigi Pada Siswa di RA At Taufiq Kota Manado
Authors: Iman Dian Pratiwi , Takahepis Nelfa Fitria
Published: July 2024

Pendidikan kesehatan kepada masyarakat, termasuk anak-anak dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai upaya preventif dan promotif. Salah satunya dengan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan gigi sebagai bentuk edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak. Pendidikan kesehatan gigi harus diperkenalkan sedini mungkin agar anak dapat mengetahui cara memelihara kesehatan giginya. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian meliputi tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, pemutaran video dan praktik menggosok gigi. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan di RA At Taufiq Kota Manado, diikuti oleh 48 siswa. Kegiatan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa mengenai kesehatan gigi dan diharapkan nantinya siswa dapat secara mandiri melakukan kegiatan menggosok gigi dengan baik dan benar. Selama proses edukasi digunakan bahasa yang komunikatif dan ceria, siswa diajak bernyanyi sambil memperagakan urutan gerakan menggosok gigi yang baik dan benar. Dengan kegiatan pengabdian ini, dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang kesehatan gigi, meliputi cara menggosok gigi dengan baik dan benar serta pengetahuan tentang makanan yang merusak gigi.
Pemberian Informasi dan Pelatihan Langsung Menggunakan Skor Latch Pada Ibu Nifas
Authors: Rauf Efri Leny , Mulyaningsih Sri , Umar Siskawati
Published: July 2024

Menyusui memiliki potensi untuk menyelamatkan nyawa neonatal, bayi, dan anak kecil serta mengurangi angka kesakitan dan kematian, Faktor yang menyebabkan kegagalan menyusui sering kali disebabkan oleh masalah pada payudara serta berbagai aspek terkait kondisi medis ibu dan bayi. untuk itu pentingnya Skor  LATCH untuk memprediksi keberhasilan ASI eksklusif. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu memberikan informasi dan pelatihan langsung menggunakan SKOR LATCH pada ibu nifas hari pertama. metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu pertama tahap persiapan dan perencanaan, kedua Pemberian Edukasi dan pelatihan kepada ibu nifas dan yang ketiga monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil pengabdian ini didapatkan terdapat peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan dari 65% menjadi 88% dan tingkat kepuasan peserta dan sebesar 92% mengindikasikan bahwa program ini berhasil memberikan edukasi yang efektif dan bermanfaat. Kesimpulan dalam pengabdian ini pentingnya pendekatan personal dalam edukasi menyusui. sehingga dapat memberikan edukasi yang efektif dan bermanfaat bagi ibu nifas. dan saran dalam pengabdian ini diharapkan metode skor LATCH ini dapat diberikan untuk semua ibu nifas untuk memprediksi keberhasilan ASI eksklusif.
Sosialisasi dan Penerapan Edinburgh Postnatal Depresion Scale (EPDS) oleh Bidan dalam Upaya Deteksi Dini Depresi pada Ibu Post Partum di Puskesmas Limboto
Authors: Rauf Efri Leny , Hiola Fidya Aprianti , Ningsih Srimulya
Published: July 2024

Prevalensi Tinggi Depresi Post Partum: diperkirakan bahwa sekitar 50-70% ibu melahirkan menunjukkan gejala depresi postpartum. Meskipun beberapa gejala dapat hilang secara alami, adanya prevalensi tinggi menunjukkan pentingnya deteksi dini dan intervensi. Hasil survey pendahuluan di Puskesmas Limboto menunjukkan bahwa bidan tidak mengertahui atau menggunakan EPDS selama kunjungan ibu masa nifas. Hal ini menciptakan kesenjangan dalam upaya deteksi dini depresi postpartum. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah menggunakan powerpoint dan juga lembar EPDS. Adapun hasil temuan yang didapatkan yaitu adanya Keterbatasan Pengetahuan dan Penerapan EPDS di Puskesmas Limboto: berdasarkan temuan awal, terdapat keterbatasan pegetahuan dan penerapan EPDS oleh bidan di Puskesmas Limboto. Program sosialisasi dan penerapan Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) oleh bidan di Puskesmas Limboto adalah sebuah langkah inovatif yang menghasilkan sejumlah pencapaian positif. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan bidan tentang EPDS meningkat secara signifikan.
Peningkatan Perilaku Hidup bersih dan Sehat melalui Kegiatan Sosialisasi
Authors: Nurdin St. Surya Indah , Ahmad Zul Fikar
Published: July 2024

Sosialisasi merupakan langkah strategis untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran siswa mengenai pentingnya hidup bersih dan sehat. Pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan Pengetahuan Siswa tentang PHBS. Sasaran sosialisasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat yaitu siswa-siswi kelas 4-5 SDN 13 Mootilango. Kegiatan Sosialisasi dilaksanakan pada 13 Desember 2023. Sosialisasi dilaksanakan dalam bentuk ceramah dengan bantuan power point, demonstrasi dan praktek langsung oleh siswa. Untuk mengukur efektivitas pelaksanaan sosialisasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa, dilakukan pre-test dan post-test. Pengabdian berjalan dengan baik dan hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan ada perbedaan signifikan tingkat pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan setelah diberikan sosialisasi. Sosialisasi PHBS di sekolah memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa. Dengan dukungan dari berbagai pihak, penerapan PHBS di sekolah dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap kesehatan siswa dan menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan E-Service Quality terhadap Niat Pembelian Ulang
Authors: Putri Dalilah , Wisnalmawati Wisnalmawati , Astuti Widhi Tri
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya jumlah pengunjung Couvee Coffee Shop di Yogyakarta meskipun situasi sudah memasuki fase new normal setelah pandemi Covid-19. Kondisi ini menuntut pemilik bisnis untuk melakukan berbagai penyesuaian guna meningkatkan kembali minat pelanggan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk dan e-service quality terhadap niat pembelian ulang pelanggan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dari 100 responden yang merupakan pelanggan Couvee Coffee Shop. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kualitas produk dan e-service quality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Kepuasan pelanggan juga terbukti memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat pembelian ulang. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kualitas produk dan e-service quality secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi niat pembelian ulang melalui kepuasan pelanggan sebagai variabel mediasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan niat pembelian ulang, Couvee Coffee Shop perlu fokus pada peningkatan kualitas produk dan e-service quality yang dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Strategi ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan dan daya saing bisnis di tengah kondisi pasar yang semakin kompetitif.
Analisis Reaksi Pasar Modal Global atas Pernyataan International Monetery Fund mengenai Resesi Tahun 2023
Authors: Anugerah Marich Firsta , Sadeli Sadeli , Kancana Sauptika
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pasar modal global merespons pernyataan IMF mengenai resesi 2023 yang diumumkan pada 10 Oktober 2022 oleh Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva dan Presiden Bank Dunia David Malpass saat pertemuan tahunan di Washington DC. Reaksi pasar modal global dalam studi ini diukur melalui analisis perbedaan Average Abnormal Return (AAR) dan Average Cumulative Abnormal Return (ACAR) dengan menggunakan metodologi Event Study. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dengan populasi 60 negara yang memiliki pasar modal, dan sampel terdiri dari 24 indeks negara dengan pendapatan menengah ke atas dan tinggi, serta negara berpendapatan rendah yang memenuhi kriteria peneliti. Uji normalitas data menunjukkan bahwa AAR tidak berdistribusi normal, sementara ACAR berdistribusi normal. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Paired Sample Test untuk data berdistribusi normal dan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test untuk data non-normal, menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 25 sebagai alat analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada Average Abnormal Return (AAR) dan Average Cumulative Abnormal Return (ACAR) indeks global dalam 7 hari sebelum dan 7 hari setelah 10 Oktober terkait pernyataan IMF mengenai resesi tahun 2023.