bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LGBTQ+ Youth Identity Disclosure Processes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mousavi Mohammad , Chong Norman , Earnshaw Valerie A. , Layland Eric K.
Published: January 2024

Objective: Disclosure is a complex social process that can have a profound impact on LGBTQ+ youth wellbeing. Disclosure involves decision-making, interpersonal events, mediating processes, and psychosocial outcomes, but there is no review that considers disclosure as a developmental, multi-component process across contexts for LGBTQ+ youth. Guided by the disclosure process model, LGBTQ+ youth disclosure literature was systematically reviewed and synthesized.
Methods: After screening 5,433 articles, 29 studies were identified that investigated identity-disclosure processes among LGBTQ+ youth (aged 26 or younger). Included articles were reviewed for disclosure process components, individual and contextual factors that shape disclosure, and bias.
Results: Studies examining the disclosure decision making process focused more on avoidance goals (e.g., fear of rejection, LGBTQ+ stigma) than approach goals (e.g., find belonging, authenticity) for disclosure. Reactions to disclosures were most often mixed, with initial reactions characterized as negative and then becoming more positive over time. Mental health is the most studied outcome of disclosure. Additionally, disclosure processes appear to be shaped by disclosure recipients, social context, and cultural beliefs.
Conclusions: Research on LGBTQ+ youth disclosure is accelerating and increasingly examines disclosure goals and disclosure outcomes. LGBTQ+ youth identity disclosure is a complex, developmental process that extends over time and across multiple contexts. Future research should include study of disclosure content, longitudinal change, and dyadic processes.
Radyal Tabanlı Yapay Sinir Ağları Kullanılarak Yaprak Yay Sistemi Titreşim Karakteristiğinin Modellenmesi
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Mehmet Bahadır , İŞCİ Muhammed , URAT Naciye Nisanur
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, yaprak yay sistemleri üzerinde oluşan ivme etkilerini modellemek amacıyla Radyal Tabanlı Yapay Sinir Ağı (RTYSA) yapısı önerilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalarda, bir hidrolik piston tarafından çelik yaprak yay sistemine 4 ve 22 saniyelik sürelerde 25, 31.25, 37.5, 43.75 ve 50 bar basınç değerleri uygulanmış ve ardından oluşan ivme etkileri tek eksenli ivme sensörü kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Deneysel sonuçlardan, yüksek basınç değerlerinde ivme genliklerinin arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalardan sonra, yaprak yay sisteminden ilgili çalışma şartları altında ölçülen ivme verileri yayılma sabiti 0.5 ve 1.0 olan RTYSA yapıları ile analiz edilmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçlarından, 0.5 yayılma sabitine sahip RTYSA yapısının yaprak yay sisteminde meydana gelen gerçek zamanlı ivme değerlerini daha yüksek doğrulukla tahmin edebildiği gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, önerilen RTYSA yapısı ile bir yaprak yay sisteminde meydana gelen gerçek zamanlı ivme etkilerinin başarılı bir şekilde tahmin edilebildiği görülmüştür.
Trace element fractionation in magnetite as a function of Fe depletion from ore fluids at the Baijian Fe-(Co) skarn deposit, eastern China: Implications for Co mineralization in Fe skarns
Authors: Wen Guang , Li Jian-Wei , Hofstra Albert H. , Harlov Daniel E. , Zhao Xin-Fu , Lowers Heather A. , Koenig Alan E.
Published: January 2024

Magnetite is common in various magmatic and hydrothermal ore deposit types, and its trace element geochemistry has become increasingly used in ore genesis studies and mineral exploration. While fractional crystallization has been shown to influence the chemistry of igneous magnetite, the extent to which this process regulates the trace element composition of hydrothermal magnetite remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed trace elements in hydrothermal magnetite from the Baijian Fe-(Co) skarn deposit in eastern China and used Rayleigh and equilibrium fractionation modeling to demonstrate the importance of magnetite precipitation in controlling fluid and magnetite chemistry during Fe skarn mineralization.

The Baijian Fe-(Co) skarn deposit has three stages of magnetite. From early Mag-1 to later Mag-2 and Mag-3, the concentrations of compatible elements (Ni and V) decrease, whereas those of incompatible elements (Zn, Mn, and Co) increase. There are obvious trends of increasing incompatible/compatible element ratios (e.g., Co/Ni, Zn/V, and Zn/Ni) and decreasing compatible/incompatible element ratios (e.g., V/Mn, Ni/Mn, and V/Co) from Mag-1 to Mag-3, with strong correlations between each of these ratios. Such systematic trace element variations in successive stages of magnetite can be best explained by increasing degrees of fractional crystallization with time. The wide range of incompatible/compatible element ratios (spanning 2–4 orders of magnitude) in Mag-2 and Mag-3 suggests that magnetite crystallization follows a process akin to Rayleigh fractionation.

Results from this study highlight the significant role that magnetite crystallization during skarn formation has on the trace element chemistry of this mineral. Moreover, as the crystallization of magnetite progresses, the Co/Fe ratio of residual hydrothermal fluids is elevated, which favors the precipitation of Co in late-stage sulfides. This process helps to explain why some Fe skarn deposits, as well as magnetite-rich iron oxide-apatite and iron oxide-copper-gold deposits, are potentially important economic sources for Co, currently necessary as one component in Li-ion batteries.
Secondary metabolite estimation and antioxidant potential assessment of purple bell Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson
Authors: KOCHAR Nitin , VYAS Jayshree , VYAS Khushbu , CHANDEWAR Anil , MUNDHADA Dharmendra
Published: January 2024

To quantify the aqueous and methanolic extracts for primary and secondary metabolites, and the antioxidant potential of leaf extracts of the Thunbergia erecta plant and to adopt them in Ayurvedic medications for various illnesses. Primary metabolites like carbohydrates, proteins, and secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, total phenols, and tannins were estimated using standard procedures. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), hydrogen peroxide, and phosphomolybdenum free radical scavenging activities were employed to evaluate the antioxidative potential. The phytochemical examination of T. erecta exhibited the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, alkaloids, total polyphenolics, flavonoids, and tannins in significant quantity. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the species, clearly verifies that methanolic extract shows prominent antioxidant properties followed by the hydroalcoholic extract. From this study, it can be concluded that this species is effective in scavenging free radicals and may be a powerful antioxidant. The T. erecta leaf extract showed the existence of bioactive components which are known to exhibit medicinal activities. The findings of this study suggest that these plant leaves could be a potential source of natural antioxidants that could have great importance as therapeutic agents in preventing various diseases.
GC-MS profiling of anticancer and antimicrobial phytochemicals in the vegetative leaf, root, and stem of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Authors: LİNGFA Lali , TİRUMALA Aravinda , ANKANAGARİ Srinivas
Published: January 2024

Withania somnifera has been used for a long time in traditional medicine. Its crude extract, dried powder, and purified metabolites from mature plants have shown promising therapeutic potential. To further investigate its potential, the detection of phytochemicals with anticancer and antimicrobial properties in the vegetative stage is essential. Hence, this study was done to identify phytochemical constituents using GC-MS analysis for anticancer and antimicrobial activities in the vegetative stage from methanolic extracts of stem, leaf, and root in W. somnifera. The air-dried plant parts were extracted with methanol at low pressure to concentrate using a rotary evaporator at 40°C. To identify phytochemicals, Shimadzu GCMSQP2010, Japan, was used with the NIST107.LIB database. The GC-MS identified 35 unique phytochemical peaks at the vegetative stage in W. somnifera. In leaves, the antibacterial phytochemicals included cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl, with a high abundance, and cyclohexasiloxane, dodecamethyl, with the least abundance. In roots, the phytochemicals 2,2-dimethoxybutane, with high abundance, and cathinone, with least abundance, were found to have antibacterial properties, whereas trans-2,3-epoxyoctane, with high abundance, and 2,2-dimethoxybutane, with least abundance, were found to have anticancer properties. In stem, the antibacterial phytoconstituents octasiloxane, 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13,15,15-hexadecamethyl, and benzenemethanol, alpha.-(1-aminoethyl), were found to be the most abundant and least abundant, respectively, while arabinitol and pentaacetate had both anticancer and antibacterial activities. At the vegetative stage, GC-MS studies of stem, leaf, and root parts revealed the occurrence of potential phytochemicals for antibacterial and anticancer activities in W. somnifera.
Bioactive compounds of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi wild-growing populations from Bulgaria
Authors: NİKOLOVA Milena , ANEVA Ina , ZHELEV Petar , BERKOV Strahil , YANKOVA-TSVETKOVA Elina
Published: January 2024

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Sprengel (bearberry), Ericaceae is a valuable medicinal plant with diuretic and uroantiseptic action which is mainly due to arbutin. In Bulgaria the species is considered as rare. Content assessment of bioactive compounds of A. uva-ursi leaves from three natural populations from Bulgaria was the aim of the present study. Leaf samples were collected from Pirin, Vitosha, and Rhodope Mountains. Bioactive compounds in the methanolic extracts of the samples were analysed by GC/MS. Total phenolic content was determined using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. Arbutin, quinic acid and gallic acid were detected in the highest amounts. Catechine, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, triterpenes (α- and β-amyrin, uvaol and lupeol) and other primary and secondary metabolites were found, also. Differences in the content of individual compounds between samples of different origin were established. The highest total phenolic (182.98 mg GAE g-1) and arbutin (8.4%) content was found in the sample from Vitosha Mountain. The presented data characterizes the profile of bioactive compounds in the Bulgarian bearberry raw material for the first time.
Volitive Grey Wolf Optimizer
Authors: Silva Joao Paulo , Silva Rodrigo Cesar , Macedo Mariana , Siqueira Hugo , Bastos Filho Carmelo
Published: January 2024

Swarm-based metaheuristics have become the most prominent method for solving optimization problems. Several operators already proposed in the literature can also be reused to expand the current metaheuristics. We present in this paper the Volitive Grey Wolf Optimizer (VGWO), a Grey Wolf Optimizer variant created by the addition of the collective volitive movement proposed in Fish School Search. The Volitive operator allows a self-regulated balance between exploration and exploitation that generates diversity when necessary. We evaluate the performance of VGWO and five other metaheuristics by simulating them in ten different problems. VGWO has overcome in most cases compared to other well-known metaheuristics. Therefore, we found that by including a self-regulating operator as the volitive collective, we can improve the quality of results provided by GWO.
Üçüncü Ur Hanedanlığı’nın Yıkılış Sürecinde Nüfus Baskısı, İklim Değişikliği ve Tahıl Kıtlığı
Authors: AYTAN Ozan Arslan
Published: January 2024

Mezopotamya’da kurulan ilk kent devletlerinden beri tahıllar, siyasi ve ekonomik süreci belirleyen en temel gıda maddeleridir. Doğal ve siyasi faktörlere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan tahıl kıtlıkları devletlerin yıkılmasına yol açmıştır. MÖ 2200 dolaylarında başlayan 4,2 ka iklim olayı, Mezopotamya’nın coğrafi ve siyasi yapısını değişime uğratmıştır. Kuzey Mezopotamya’daki yerleşik ve göçebe toplumlar, aşırı kuraklıklar nedeniyle güneye göç etmiştir. Güney Mezopotamya’daki toplumlar ise nehir kaynaklarını bir süre daha kullanmaya devam etse de tarım arazileri, sürekli olarak nehir sularıyla sulanması sonucunda tuzlanmaya bağlı olarak çoraklaşmış ve bu durumda tahıl kıtlıkları meydana gelmiştir. Üçüncü Ur Hanedanlığı’nın kurulduğu dönemde bu kıtlıkların devam ettiği görülmektedir. Kıtlıklara önlem almak amacıyla tarım arazileri nadasa bırakılmış ve drenaj sistemleri geliştirilmiştir. Ancak Amurru göçlerinin devam etmesi nedeniyle kentlerde ortaya çıkan nüfus baskısı, tarım topraklarında sürekli olarak ekim yapılmasını gerektirmiştir. Üçüncü Ur Hanedanlığı’nda yaşanan bu tahıl kıtlıklarıyla vergi sistemi bozulmuş, tayınlar arpa ile ödenememiş ve tapınaklara adak olarak sunular hayvanların sayısı azalmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra arpanın gümüş karşısında aşırı değerlenmesi neticesinde, arz-talep dengesi bozulmuş ve krallık ekonomik olarak çöküntüye uğramıştır. Bu gelişmelerin akabinde Elam saldırıları başlamış ve krallığa bağlı bazı kentler bağımsızlığını ilan etmiştir. Tüm bu olayların sonucunda Üçüncü Ur Hanedanlığı yıkılmıştır.
Organizational Cultures and Internalization of Green Practices: A Comparative Research in Foreign Subsidaries
Authors: KURMAN Aysima , ÖZSEVEN Mustafa
Published: January 2024

This study aims to reveal whether organizational culture has an impact on the internalization of green practices. In this respect, the aim of this study is to show how structural practices arising from organizational culture are reflected in environmental practices developing at the organizational level. In line with the research purpose, a multiple case analysis was conducted on 3 subsidiaries that invested in the context of Türkiye. Eight interviews were conducted by following a semi-structured interview form to collect data on what kind of organizational culture three companies have and to what extent green practices are internalized. Subsequently, the collected data has been subjected to content analysis and research findings were obtained in this way. It was observed that the companies included in the research had an Eiffel tower and/or family type organizational culture. In the Company 1, which has an Eiffel tower culture, it was observed that green practices were adopted at a low-medium level. While it was observed that green practices were internalized at a high level in the Company 2, which incorporated eiffel tower culture and family-type culture elements, it was observed that green practices were internalized at a low-medium level in the Company 3, which adopted the same type of organizational culture as Company 3. Although the research findings show that there is no identical pattern in the adoption of green practices and organizational culture, the findings also shed light on how the elements of organizational culture should be in the context of required or volunteerism in the internalization of green practices in organizations.
Unravelling the Nexus Between Export Performance and Business Performance
Authors: SARIHAN Ahmed Yusuf
Published: January 2024

Exporting enterprises representing countries in global competition constitute a valuable research area and create the opportunity to conduct research on them. Exporting enterprises have a crucial place in the welfare of developing countries, especially with the foreign exchange revenues they will bring. Therefore, many different aspects of exporting enterprises need to be examined both from a business and scientific point of view. This study aimed to comprehend the mutual relationship between business performance and export performance among 192 exporters in Turkiye. In the study, data were collected through scales for export performance and business performance of enterprises, and performance outputs were revealed as a result of factor analysis. Afterwards, it was examined whether there is a significant difference in the export performance of companies with high and low business performance and whether there is a significant difference in the business performance of companies with high and low export performance. Achieved t-test findings, show that significant differences existed in both the export performance of companies with high business performance and the business performance of companies with high export performance. These findings of the study indicate that exporting companies' financial business opportunities may have an impact on export performance, and similarly, companies with good export performance can also achieve a strong financial output. In this context, it has been suggested that businesses should focus on performance outputs with a two-way perspective and that exporting businesses should not only focus on exports.
Tilmen Höyük’te Bulunmuş Olan MÖ 3. Binyıla Ait Bir Grup Açık Renkli Yalın Keramik
Authors: EZER Sabahattin
Published: January 2024

Tilmen Höyük’teki kazılar 1959-64 ve 1969-72 yılları arasında U. Bahadır Alkım tarafından yürütülmüştür. Söz konusu kazılar sonucunda Tilmen Höyük’te MÖ 4. binden MÖ 2. binyılın sonlarına kadar kesintisiz bir yerleşim saptanmıştır. Bu kazılar sonucu bulunmuş olan İlk Tunç Çağı’na ait çark yapımı, iyi pişmiş bir grup keramik tarafımızdan Açık Renkli Yalın Keramik (ARYK) olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Bu keramik grubu ilk olarak Braidwood tarafından Plain Simple Ware / Simple Ware olarak arkeoloji literatürüne girmiştir. Açık renkli, çark yapımı, hamuru iyi arıtılmış ve iyi pişmiş olan bu keramik grubu İlk Tunç Çağı’nda Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve Kuzey Suriye’de yoğun olarak görülür. Uluslararası terminolojide Orta Fırat Bölgesi, Fırat Nehri’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi ile Kuzey Suriye’de kalan kısmını tanımlamaktadır. Bu bölge ARYK grubunun çekirdek bölgesi olarak kabul edilebilir. Çok geniş bir yayılım alanı bulmuş olan ARYK Doğu ve Orta Anadolu’da ithal malzeme olarak görülmektedir. Söz konusu keramik grubu Geç Kalkolitik Çağ’dan itibaren gelişimini sürdürerek MÖ. 2. binyıl boyunca görülmeye devam eder. Özellikle İTÇ’den itibaren teknolojik gelişmeler gösterir. ARYK, İTÇ başlarında çarkta üretilmeye başlar ve İTÇ’nin sonlarına doğru hızlı çark üretimi bir keramik grubu olarak devam eder. İTÇ’nin sonlarında bu keramik grubunun belli standartlara bağlı, seri olarak üretildiğini söyleyebiliriz. ARYK grubunda görülen bazı formlar tarihlendirme açısından önemlidir. Cyma-recta olarak bilinen “S” profilli kâseler İTÇ I-II’ye, caliciform olarak bilinen çan biçimli bardaklar ise İTÇ’nin sonlarına tarihlenmektedir. Bu makalede incelenmiş olan Tilmen Höyük’e ait keramikler İTÇ I’den başlayarak İTÇ/OTÇ geçiş evresine tarihlenmektedir.
Development of an adsorption-enhanced heterogeneous Fenton process for abatement of natural organic matter by kaolin-supported phytogenic nanoscale zero-valent iron
Authors: Moyo Welldone , Chakachaka Vimbainashe M. , Fito Jemal , Gorimbo Joshua , Muleja Adolph A. , Nkambule Thabo T. I.
Published: January 2024

Natural organic matter (NOM) serves as a precursor for the formation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products when not adequately removed by conventional water treatment processes. The degradation of NOM by heterogeneous Fenton processes is particularly attractive because it results in prospects of zero sludge discharge. This work reports on NOM degradation and adsorption via the heterogeneous Fenton process using phytogenic zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) synthesised from green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) and supported on kaolin (fK-nZVI). The synthesised material was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Morphological analysis of SEM images and BET values revealed an increase in the surface area from 11.64 m2 · g−1 for kaolin to 27.07 m2 · g−1 for the kaolin-supported nZVI (K-nZVI), thus presenting an ideal modification for effective adsorption. Fenton process parameters were optimised, that is, H2O2 concentration (5 mM) and pH (4.5). At equilibrium, the adsorption by the fK-nZVI system was 0.127 mg · g−1, a value higher than reported in other adsorption systems at equivalent adsorbent dosage and NOM concentration. The promising results obtained in this study indicate heterogeneous Fenton degradation and adsorption can be a viable and effective method for NOM removal from aqueous media.
Synthesis and characterization of heavy metal-based hydroxyapatite for batch adsorption of turquoise blue dye: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Shafqaat Ujala , Munir Ruba , Albasher Gadah , Sayed Murtaza , Jahan Nazish , Muneer Amna , Zahid Muhammad , Yaseen Muhammad , Younas Fazila , Noreen Saima
Published: January 2024

In this study, different metal hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles were synthesized at a laboratory scale. All the methods used were very economical because all reagents used in this work were cheap and easily available in laboratories. The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis to confirm the synthesis of respective products by ensuring the presence of phosphate and hydroxyl functional groups. These metal HAP nanoparticles were applied in water treatment applications as adsorbents for the elimination of turquoise blue dye from the aqueous solution. Batch experiments were performed, and all effective parameters were optimized. Their optimized values were as follows: pH = 8, dosage of adsorbent = 0.05 g, contact time = 75 min, temperature = 30 °C, and dye concentration = 75 ppm. The order of adsorption capacity of four different metal HAP products was determined as calcium-HAP (Ca-HAP) > lead-HAP (Pb-HAP) > strontium-HAP (Sr-HAP) > barium-HAP (Ba-HAP). Ca-HAP, Ba-HAP, Sr-HAP, and Pb-HAP have the highest concentration of 0.5 N, giving 54–69.29% desorption. Moreover, the effect of surfactants and electrolytes was also studied. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were best fitted for turquoise blue dye adsorption. The reaction was exothermic and spontaneous in nature.
DAILY ANALYSIS OF ABUNDANCE AND SIZE VARIABILITY OF FISH LARVAE IN RELATION TO OCEANIC WATER INTRUSIONS IN COASTAL AREAS*
Authors: Castillo Gonzalo , Muñoz Hernann , González Humberto , Bernal Patricio
Published: January 2024

The daily variability of the summer ichthyoplankton assemblage in the Gulf oí Arauco (37°05'S, 73°20'W) was studied to characterize its composition, relative abundance, size distribution of larvae, and its response to environmental conditions. Three well defined environmental changes were observed during the 11 day study period: (1) sinking of isotherms and temperature increase of the surface layer, (2) a sharp decrease in chlorophyll concentration. Both (1) and (2) occurred on the 6th day of sampling, and (3) a storm on the 8th day. The first two events were due to onshore flow of oceanic water, which could have been enhanced by downwelling during the storm. The ichthyoplankton assemblage showed: (1) high concordance in the ranking of specific relative abundance among samples (Wc = 0.87, P < 0.01), (2) temporal concordance in the variations of relative abundance for larvae of the eight most dominant species (Wc = 0.35, P < 0.01), (3) presence of larger fish larvae after the storm for the four dominant species (P < 0.03), and (4) predominant ordination of samples into a pre-storm group and a post-storm group (Bray-Curtis índex). Implications of transport processes in the dynamics and structure of Coastal ichthyoplankton are discussed.
Análisis ecológico-pesquero del recurso Langotisno Colorado (Pleuroncodes monodon) y su interacción con Merluza común (Merluccius gayi) y Lenguado de ojos grandes (Hippoglossina macrops)
Authors: Arancibia Hugo
Published: January 2024

Se analiza la situación actual y la evolución de la biomasa presente ("standing stock") de Pleuroncodes monodon en Chile centrosur, bajo perspectivas ecológico-pesqueras. Se estima, específicamente, la ración diaria de este crustáceo en Merluccius gayi e Hippoglossina macrops, a partir de información de los "Cruceros Langostino" de marzo y noviembre de 1984. El consumo de P. monodon por M. gayi y H. macrops habría sido de unas 5.8001 en 1984, lo que corresponde a una biomasa equivalente a 18% de la biomasa presente del crustáceo. La mortalidad por depredación de P. monodon es alta y actuaría simultáneamente con la mortalidad por pesca para mantener la biomasa de P. monodon en un nivel de equilibrio menor que aquel existente antes del colapso de la pesquería, en 1978. Esta conclusión se apoya en la Teoría de Catástrofes.
Análisis de la alimentación de Merluccius gayi gayi (GUICHENOT, 1848) de Chile central , en el largo plazo.
Authors: Arancibia Hugo , Fuentealba Marta
Published: January 2024

Se analiza la alimentación de Merhtccitts gayi gayi de Chile central, en el largo plazo, usando la frecuencia de aparición porcentual de los taxa presas, basándose en información recopilada de diez trabajos, tanto publicados en revistas científicas como en tesis para optar a un grado o titulo universitario, los que cubren desde 1959 a 1987. En el período de estudio, la frecuencia de aparición de las presas de M. gayigayi no ha cambiado significativamente. Los resultados de los últimos siete trabajos se encuentran muy próximos, como lo revela el análisis de correspondencia. Las presas con mayor frecuencia de aparición son los crustáceos Galatheidae (Pleuroncodes monodon y Cervimuiiida jolmi), Pterygosquilla annata y Euphausidae, siguiéndoles peces como Engraulis ringens, la propia M. gayigayt y Strangomera bentincki. Los resultados de los primeros tres trabajos se apartarían de los otros por problemas de resolución en la determinación de taxa presas importantes, o debido a cambios en la frecuencia de aparición en un plazo mayor que el analizado en este estudio.
Determinación de edad y crecimiento de Seriolella caerulea GUICHENOT, 1848 de la zona Sur-Austral de Chile.
Authors: Chong Javier , Aguayo Mario
Published: January 2024

Se realizó un estudio de edad y crecimiento en Seriolella caerulea, sobre la base de la lectura de anillos anuales de crecimiento en los otolitos sagitales de 1.257 ejemplares, muestreados mensualmente durante 1985. El examen de los otolitos demostró con claridad la presencia de anillos hialinos y opacos en forma alternada, con la formación del primero en invierno (julio) y la existencia de una alta correlación entre el incremento de la longitud horquilla (LH) y el radio del otolito (Ro). La determinación de edad se efectuó mediante el retrocálculo a edades pretéritas y en la estimación del crecimiento en longitud se utilizó el modelo de Von Bertalanffy. La mejor estimación de los parámetros de crecimiento en longitud y en peso, tanto para hembras como para machos, se logró por el método no lineal, cuya comparación demostró la existencia de diferencias no significativas entre los sexos
Deficiencia de heterocigoto en una cohorte de Ostrea chilensis (PHILIPPI, 1845)
Authors: Toro Jorge , Vergara Ana , Galleguillos Ricardo
Published: January 2024

Una cohorte de Ostrea chilensis fijada en colectores artificiales en el estuario Quempillén, Chiloé, fue utilizada para determinar las frecuencias genotípicas a los 6,18 y 30 meses de edad, de las enzimas polimórficas: leucin-aminopeptidasa (LAP), fosfoglucoisomerasa (PGI) y anhidrasa carbónica (AC). Se analizó cada locus, utilizando la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para bondad de ajuste, expresando los resultados a través del índice relativo de desviación del valor esperado de heterocigotos (D). No se encontró valores negativos de D en los individuos de 6 meses de edad. Se encontró una deficiencia significativa de heterocigotos para los loci LAP (D= -0.260) y AC (D= -0.153) en los individuos de 18 meses de edad. En los adultos se observó valores negativos para D en todos los loci, presentando valores significativos para LAP (D= -0.243) y AC (D= -0.353). Considerando que la mortalidad entre los 6 y 18 meses y entre 18 y 30 meses fue de un 25 % y 17 % respectivamente, se puede concluir que en esta cohorte existiría un proceso de selección en contra de los heterocigotos en la etapa de juveniles, lo cual concuerda con lo registrado en la literatura para otras especies de moluscos bivalvos.
A Review on Chemical Structures and Biological Activities of Dopamine
Derivatives from Medicinal Insects
Authors: Wei Wen-Jun , Wang Dong-Ge , Ji Meng-Shan , Guo Tao
Published: January 2024

Medicinal insects play an important role in the treatment of refractory diseases due to
their unique and rich pharmacological activities. However, compared to plants, microorganisms, and
marine organisms, medicinal insects have been largely ignored. Some small molecules isolated from
insects are known to have defensive effects, but their majority roles remain unknown. In-depth research
on the small molecules of medicinal insects has been conducted in recent years. Then alkaloids,
dopamine derivatives, nucleoside derivatives, and other components are obtained. Among
them, dopamine derivatives are a unique class of components from medicinal insects. Thus, we present
a comprehensive overview of chemical structures and biological activities of dopamine derivatives
from some medicinal insects, which will bring more attention to other researchers for further
chemical and biological investigations on the unique dopamine derivatives as well as medicinal insects.
Recent Developments in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-based Nanotherapeutics for EGFR-resistant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kole Eknath , Jadhav Krishna , Singh Raghuraj , Mandpe Shilpa , Abhang Ashwin , Verma Rahul K. , Naik Jitendra
Published: January 2024

The advent of drug resistance in response to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-
tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeted therapy represents a serious challenge in the management of
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These acquired resistance mutations, attributed to several advanced
EGFR mutations and, necessitated the development of new-generation TKIs. Nanomedicine
approaches provide a plausible way to address these problems by providing targeted delivery and
sustained release, which have demonstrated success in preclinical trials. This review article provides a
summary of nano-formulations designed for EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC, highlighting their efficacy
in both in vitro and in vivo models. These findings reveal insights into the design of nanoparticles and
multifunctional nanosystems, offering a potential avenue for efficacious treatment of EGFR-TKIresistant
NSCLC.
A Comprehensive Review of the Benzimidazole Scaffold as a Potential
Nucleus for Anti-Ulcer Activity
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Bhushan Bharat , Varma Ajit Kumar , Shekhar Ravi , Sharma Rajeev Kumar , Ghosh Niladry Sekhar , Pandey Ekta , Saha Sunam , Kumar Shivendra , Mishra Avinash Kumar , Agrawal Mohit
Published: January 2024

The benzimidazole scaffold is a promising nucleus for developing novel therapeutic agents
for ulcer treatment. Its unique chemical structure provides desirable pharmacological properties, such
as excellent bioavailability, metabolic stability, and low toxicity, making it an attractive candidate for
ulcer treatment. Several benzimidazole derivatives have shown significant anti-ulcer activity in preclinical
and clinical studies, acting through multiple pathways, including inhibition of gastric acid secretion,
suppression of gastric inflammation, and promotion of mucosal protection. Some benzimidazole
derivatives have also demonstrated anti-Helicobacter pylori activity, suggesting their potential
for eradicating bacteria associated with ulcer formation. However, challenges such as poor solubility
and limited selectivity remain. Various approaches, such as prodrug design and formulation optimization,
have been explored to overcome these issues and improve the therapeutic profile of benzimidazole
derivatives. Overall, the benzimidazole scaffold holds great promise as a nucleus for developing
novel anti-ulcer agents. Further research and optimization efforts are needed to harness its full
potential and translate it into effective treatments for ulcers. With continued advancements in medicinal
chemistry and drug design, benzimidazole-based compounds may offer new therapeutic options for patients
suffering from ulcers and related gastrointestinal disorders. Hence, this review highlights the
knowledge about benzimidazole scaffold, the mechanism of ulcer formation, and various benzimidazole
derivatives with anti-ulcer activity, which can be further studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials.
A New Bioactive Thiazolidinone-based Azo Dye for Naked-eye
Colorimetric Detection of Cyanide Ions
Authors: Zamiraei Zahra , Rad-Moghadam Kurosh
Published: January 2024

A new bioactive azo dye embedding a thiazolidinone heterocyclic core was designed and
synthesized for antibacterial application and colorimetric sensing of cyanide ion (CNˉ) in organic solutions.
The structure of the prepared dye was elucidated from its 1H NMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral
data. It proved to be a fast and sensitive colorogenic sensor for detection of CNˉ. Spectroscopic
studies were carried out to investigate the effect of different CNˉ concentrations on the detection efficiency.
Moreover, the studies revealed no significant competition or influence of other anions on the
sensitivity of CNˉ detection by the synthesized dye. A Job's plot indicated a 1:1 stoichiometry of the
dye and CNˉ in their colorful complex. Further development of the method for naked-eye detection of
CNˉ in low-concentration aqueous solutions was achieved by using the cellulose papers painted with
the dye. The as-prepared testing paper allowed CNˉ sensing in concentrations as low as 2 μM. Evaluation
of the dye for antibacterial activities using the well diffusion technique displayed that its inhibitory
activity is at least as good as and in some cases superior to ampicillin against the bacterial strains
employed in the zone assay. In response to CN¯, the dye changes color from yellow to reddish brown
which accounts for its significant interactions with CNˉ and affords a naked-eye sensing method
without resorting to any spectroscopic instrumentation.
A Mild and Eco-friendly, One-pot Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-Narylacetamides
from 2-chloro-N-arylacetamides
Authors: Radhakrishna Vamshikrishna Y. , Khatik Gopal L. , Vijaya Bhuvaneshwari S. , Nair Vipin A.
Published: January 2024

A mild and eco-friendly one-pot, two-step procedure has been developed for the synthesis
of 2-hydroxy-N-arylacetamides from 2-chloro-N-arylacetamides. The procedure overcomes the
cleavage of the amide linkage in 2-chloroacetamides, which is usually observed under reflux conditions
with the hydroxide when the nucleophilic substitution of the halide is attempted. The reactions
were performed by refluxing 2-chloro-N-arylacetamides with Cu(OAc)2 and DIPEA in the ethanol
medium to facilitate an acetate exchange with the halogen. Subsequently, by the addition of ethanolic
KOH solution to the same reaction flask, the ester linkage was selectively cleaved in the presence of
the amide, taking advantage of the difference in electrophilicity. The procedure afforded good yields
of the desired products, which are valuable intermediates for several biologically active molecules, in
a short reaction time with ease of isolation. The experimental conditions employed are simple and offer
the possibility of scaling up to higher quantities.
In silico Exploration of the Therapeutic Potential of Alkaloids as Anti-infective Agents
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Kumar Praveen , Walia Aditya , Singh Randhir
Published: January 2024

Background:

Alkaloids are important phytoconstituents obtained from various plant
sources.

Methods:

The main objective of the study was to evaluate the anti-infective potential of alkaloids
against 14α-demethylase, transpeptidase, and omicron spike protein using molecular docking studies.
The potential constituents were identified and an ADMET study was performed.

Results:

The study concluded that reserpine and tubocurarine exhibited potential activity against the
three tested enzymes with good ADMET profile.

Conclusion:

Reserpine and tubocurarine can further be explored to attain new candidates as antiinfective
agents.
The Frequency of Intraventricular Hemorrhage and its Risk Factors
Authors: Haghshenas-Mojaveri Mohsen , Omran Forough Alikabranya , Khafri Soraya , Mehraein Raheleh , Hejazian Ebrahim , Akbarian-Rad Zahra
Published: January 2024

Background::

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (is the most prevalent type of cerebrovascular
accident in premature infants, which can result in lasting neurological complications. The
aim of this study was to ascertain the frequency of IVH and its associated risk factors within our
particular context.

Materials and Methods::

This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary neonatal intensive
care unit of a maternal and neonatal hospital from September 2018 to August 2019. Premature infants
under 34 weeks of age and with birth weight < 1500 grams who did not have significant congenital
anomalies participated in the study. A brain ultrasound was performed by a sonologist during
the first week. The infants were subsequently categorized into two groups: those with and without
IVH. A comparative analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and logistic regression.
A significance level of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results::

Of the 205 premature infants who completed the study, IVH was reported in 107 cases
(52.1%), of which 97.3% of ventricular hemorrhages were grade I and II and 2.7% accounted for
severe bleeding (grade III and IV). Gestational age less than 28 weeks, weight less than 1000 g,
vaginal delivery, asphyxia and resuscitation, history of intubation and mechanical ventilation,
cord blood acidity, dopamine infusion, and history of fever and chorioamnionitis in the mother
have been found to be significantly associated with increased risk of IVH (p<0.001). Antenatal
corticosteroids decreased the risk (OR=10.63).

Conclusion::

In this study, IVH has been found to be common in infants under 1500 g of weight,
but the severe form was low in frequency and was observed significantly in high-risk pregnancies.
Cost and Time Reduction of Industrial Mold Design and Manufacturing
by Implementing Additive Manufacturing for Premature Neonatal Prong
Authors: Mirnia Kayvan , Kialashaki Atousa , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Maghsoudi Amid , Pourashouri Zahra , Abaei Kashan Abbas
Published: January 2024

Introduction::

For a long time, molding was one of the most important methods of producing
metal, ceramic, and polymer materials. The two essential factors in this method were always
cost and time. Technology advancements have made it possible to design in 3D using a computer
and additive manufacturing. This article covers methods for using 3D printers to save time
and money in the process of creating the final product. The “Prong” molds for premature neonatal
respiratory aid were designed and produced based on neonatologists' considerations.

Methods::

The study was conducted on fifteen very low birth neonates at Alzahra Hospital in
Tabriz University from September 2017 to September 2019. In the first section, we described dental
plaster material for molding. When using this material, the printing material must be selected
and the parameters, like melting temperature and printer speed, must be controlled to achieve acceptable
quality for the final sample. CAD software can be used to print various objects if the final
3D design is appropriate.

Results::

We used additive manufacturing technology to create a new design and successfully resolved
bubble issues at a low cost through a combination of creativity and experimentation. The
new mold has cavities that allow the silicon to occupy the entire space and escape any bubbles.

Conclusion::

The use of 3D printers allows us to achieve the best design for the prong mold while
reducing both production costs and time. The ultimate mold made of aluminum was finally produced
by the CNC machine. The final product was tested at Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz, Iran, and
the results were satisfactory, with no reports of necrosis on the babies' noses.
Influence of Anaerobic Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Biomarkers: A
Systematic Review
Authors: de Assis Renata Carmo , Celedonio Roberta Freitas , Valentim Ashley Brito , Monteiro Gabrielly Rossi , da Silva Antonia Mariza Herculino , Dantas Ana Cecília Pereira , Maia Carla Soraya Costa
Published: January 2024

Aim:

Physical exercise is part of the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treatment. However,
this practice is still neglected due to the wide variety of glycemic responses under the influence
of anaerobic exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of anaerobic
exercise on biomarkers of T1DM.

Methods:

The systematic review was conducted on PubMed, Lilacs, and Embase, according to
PRISMA. For this purpose, three groups of descriptors were used: adults with T1DM, anaerobic
physical exercise, and glycemic control. The search filter was set to human beings older than 18
years of age, longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, with studies published from 2000 to 2023 in
English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Titles and abstracts were read independently by two reviewers,
and then the articles were selected for this review. The Kappa coefficient was measured to evaluate
the selection.

Results:

A total of 738 articles were identified, and five were selected to be part of the review after
applying the steps of the procedure. Some benefits were observed in fatigue reduction, absence of
diabetic ketoacidosis requiring hospitalization, and enhancement of glucose monitoring during exercise.
In the anaerobic workouts of the groups with T1DM, glycemic mean values ranged from
124.5-185.0 mg/dl, and glycated hemoglobin records ranged from 6.7-8.1%.

Conclusion:

Anaerobic exercise improved the biomarkers of T1DM, especially glycemic control,
and the reduction of symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes. Anaerobic exercise can be performed
by individuals with T1DM, suggesting an individualized training prescription and encouraging its
practice associated with aerobic exercise.
Production of Probiotic Yogurt Enriched with Laden (Cistus incanus)
Authors: Bolek Sibel , Kamcı Sevtap
Published: January 2024

Background:

Thanks to its rich polyphenols and antioxidant content, Cistus incanus
is a natural healthy ingredient.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 0-7.5 (v/v) C. incanus extract supplementation
on probiotic yogurt's physicochemical, sensory, and microbiological characteristics.

Methods:

Color, pH, texture profile analysis, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity,
fat, protein, syneresis, water holding capacity, and scanning electron microscopy analyses
were performed, as well as rheological, microbiological, and sensory analyses.

Results:

As the amount of extract increased, dry matter, protein, fat, water holding capacity,
phenolic content, antioxidant activity, pH, ash, a*, b*, and firmness values increased,
whereas titrable acidity and syneresis values of yogurts significantly decreased (p<0.05).
The probiotic bacteria count of the yogurts enriched with C. incanus was <7 log CFU/mL.
The samples containing 5 % extract received the highest scores from the panelists.

Conclusion:

It is possible to produce probiotic yogurt with functional properties using C. incanus
extract, which is a rich source of antioxidant compounds.
A Review on the Development of Novel Heterocycles as α-Glucosidase
Inhibitors for the Treatment of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Patel Prexa , Shah Drashti , Bambharoliya Tushar , Patel Vidhi , Patel Mehul , Patel Dharti , Bhavsar Vashisth , Padhiyar Shantilal , Patel Bhavesh , Mahavar Anjali , Patel Riddhisiddhi , Patel Ashish
Published: January 2024

One of the most effective therapeutic decencies in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus is the inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme, which is present at the brush border of the intestine
and plays an important role in carbohydrate digestion to form mono-, di-, and polysaccharides.
Acarbose, Voglibose, Miglitol, and Erniglitate have been well-known α-glucosidase inhibitors in
science since 1990. However, the long synthetic route and side effects of these inhibitors forced the
researchers to move their focus to innovate simple and small heterocyclic scaffolds that work as
excellent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Moreover, they are also effective against the postprandial hyperglycemic
condition in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In this aspect, this review summarizes recent progress
in the discovery and development of heterocyclic molecules that have been appraised to show
outstanding inhibition of α-glucosidase to yield positive effects against diabetes.
A Severe Case of Isotretinoin Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Pericardial Effusion, a Case Report
Authors: Kampman Anne , Keulers Laurien , der Maten Jan van , der Meij Jacqueline van , Bethlehem Carina
Published: January 2024

Background:

We report a case of a 25-year-old female who presented with fever, rash
and general malaise.

Case Presentation:

She was initially diagnosed and treated for peri-/myocarditis, but she deteriorated
quickly with the development of extensive bilateral consolidations for which she was mechanically
ventilated. Two weeks before admission, she took isotretinoin for less than a week for
disfiguring acne. Diagnosis of drug-induced acute eosinophilic pneumoniae (EP) was made after
excluding other causes of AEP. Even before starting steroid treatment, the patient improved significantly,
which was in alignment with the elimination of the active metabolite of isotretinoin.

Conclusion:

The presented case underlines the importance of performing a thorough history and
consider recently started drugs as the cause of eosinophilic pneumoniae, even if they have not yet
been described as a known trigger of drug-induced EP.
Application of Deep Learning Neural Networks in Computer-Aided Drug Discovery: A Review
Authors: Mathivanan Jay Shree , Dhayabaran Victor Violet , David Mary Rajathei , Karuna Nidhi Muthugobal Bagayalakshmi , Prasath Karuppasamy Muthuvel , Suvaithenamudhan Suvaiyarasan
Published: January 2024

:

Computer-aided drug design has an important role in drug development and design. It has
become a thriving area of research in the pharmaceutical industry to accelerate the drug discovery
process. Deep learning, a subdivision of artificial intelligence, is widely applied to advance new drug
development and design opportunities. This article reviews the recent technology that uses deep
learning techniques to ameliorate the understanding of drug-target interactions in computer-aided
drug discovery based on the prior knowledge acquired from various literature. In general, deep learning
models can be trained to predict the binding affinity between the protein-ligand complexes and
protein structures or generate protein-ligand complexes in structure-based drug discovery. In other
words, artificial neural networks and deep learning algorithms, especially graph convolutional neural
networks and generative adversarial networks, can be applied to drug discovery. Graph convolutional
neural network effectively captures the interactions and structural information between atoms and
molecules, which can be enforced to predict the binding affinity between protein and ligand. Also,
the ligand molecules with the desired properties can be generated using generative adversarial networks.