bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE DETERMINANTS OF FDI IN SIX FORMER FSU COUNTRIES: A STUDY OF DATA 1995–2017
Authors: SHENAI Vijay , SHCHERBYNA Artem , VORONIN Sergei , OLKHOVSKYY Dmitriy
Published: March 2020

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can bring in much needed capital, particularly in emerging markets, help improve manufacturing and trade sectors, bring in more efficient technologies, increase local production and exports, create jobs and develop local skills, bring about improvements in soft and hard infrastructure and overall be a contributor to sustainable economic growth in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). With all these desirable features, it becomes relevant to ascertain the factors which attract FDI to an economy or a group of adjacent economies. This paper explores the determinants of FDI in six Former Soviet Union (FSU): Ukraine, Belarus, Armenia, Russia, Moldova and Kazakhstan. After an extensive literature review of theories and empirical research and using a set of cross-sectional data over the period 1995–2017, an ARDL model is estimated with FDI/GDP as the dependent variable. Inflation, exchange rate changes, openness, economy size (GDP), Income levels (GNI per capita), Infrastructure (measured by the number of fixed line and mobile subscription per 100 persons) are tested as independent variables for explanatory power in long run and short run relationships. Over the period, higher inflows of FDI in relation to GDP appear to be have been attracted to the markets with better infrastructure, smaller markets and higher income levels, with lower openness, depreciation in the exchange rate and higher income levels though the coefficients of the last three variables are not significant. The results show the type of FDI attracted to investments in this region and are evaluated from theoretical and practical view points. Policy recommendations are made to enhance FDI inflows and further economic development in this region. Such a study of this region has not been made in the past.

JEL: C21, F21, F23.
COSTS OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL POTENTIAL IN ACCOUNTING SYSTEM FOR CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Authors: PSHINKO Alexander , GOLOVKOVA Liudmila , KOLOMIIETS Viktoriia , DOBRYK Liliia
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, human capital and social potential become the most valuable resource for the harmonious development of the national economy. Expenditure on human capital and social development should occupy a significant part in the state budgets of countries. Therefore, accounting of such expenses is extremely important.

The purpose of the study is to reveal the possibility of accounting for expenditures on the human capital and social potential development in the accounting system of the Central and Eastern Europe, provide recommendations for the current accounting system.

The research revealed the plurality and ambiguity of the interpretation for the categories «human capital» and «social potential». The regulatory and legislative uncertainty complicates the accounting of the human capital costs and development of the social potential. These categories must be defined by law. As per normative and methodological basis for the accounting of the human capital, it would be better to apply the International Financial Reporting Standards.

The absence or misrepresentation of information about available human capital are contrary to IFRS requirements and reduces or exaggerates the value of the organization. It is offered in IFRS, to provide a comprehensive accounting of the cost for the human capital and developing social capacity.

The budget of the Central and Eastern European countries includes only the costs of social protection, health, education, recreation, culture, religion. After the budget analysis was conducted, the authors proposed to develop new objects of accounting (human capital, social potential), accounting standards for it. A part of the GDP expenses should be directed to the financing of the human capital expenditures and social potential development.

JEL: E24, G41, H83.
Accessibility and the Promotion of Autonomous EFL Reading
Authors: Cheetham Catherine , Elliott Melody , Harper Alan , Ito Mika
Published: March 2020

Motivating English as a foreign language (EFL) students to read in English extensively can be a difficult task. EFL educators often use a wide range of methodologies to encourage their students to continue reading. Many of them also seek ways to motivate their students to engage in extensive reading (ER) autonomously. This paper presents a study of a private Japanese university’s ER program which uses graded readers through a mobile library cart system as well as a main library. The study utilized 2,075 student reading records and a survey of 755 Japanese EFL students in 75 required 1st and 2nd year EFL classes to better understand how the main and mobile libraries affected student ER. Results indicate that the main library plays an important role in the ER program by making students responsible for their own learning and initiative. However, the mobile library proves to be more successful at getting students to engage in ER and develop autonomous reading skills.
A CEFR-J Based Speaking Program for a Self-Access Learning Center
Authors: Worth Alexander , Fischer Dani , Fritz Erik , Moore Ashley R.
Published: March 2020

The following paper is a summary of a work in progress at a Self-Access Learning Center (SALC) called the Speaking Program, including the design process carried out to create it, and how the material is used and revised. Additionally, the paper provides some initial data on how the Speaking Program may have impacted the center’s overall user numbers, number of repeat users, and the number of requests for each type of service offered in the consultation service. The data collected has implications regarding how interactional spaces that provide access to learning advisors and teachers can be efficiently used and how they might be better served by using more structured activities in certain educational contexts such as a technical university.
Synthesis and Caracterization of some New 1H-3-aryl-7-etoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazoles
Authors: Sofei Maria-Daniela , Ilici Maria , Badea Valentin , Csunderlik Carol , Bercean Vasile-Nicolae
Published: March 2020

The synthesis of 1H-3-aryl-7-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazoles (2) was carried out by cyclization of 1H-5-arylidenehydrazino-4-ethoxycarbonyl-3-methyl-pyrazoles (1) in the presence of bromine using glacial acetic acid as solvent and sodium acetate as base. The new nine obtained compounds were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New 2-Hydroxy-N-(3-Trifluoromethyl-Phenyl)-Benzamide Derivatives
Authors: Ienascu Ioana M.c. , Lupea Alfa X. , Popescu Iuliana M. , Tomas Stefan Th. , Zamfir Alina D.
Published: March 2020

In the reaction between 2-hydroxy-N-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-benzamide and chloro-acetic acid ethyl ester, [2-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester was obtained. The ethyl ester was condensed with hydrazine giving 2-hydrazinocarbonylmethoxy-N-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-benzamide. This hydrazide is considered the key intermediate for the synthesis of new compounds. So, in the reaction between hydrazide and chloro-substituted benzaldehydes hydrazones were obtained. In order to establish their structures, all new synthesized compounds were analyzed by modern physico-chemical methods (FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS).
Study Concerning the Improvement of Biphasic Contact of the Coloumns with Structured Packing
Authors: Tamas Andra , Pop Nadia , Gropsian Zeno
Published: March 2020

In this paper is being studied the behaviour of structured packing subjected to certain chemical, thermal or electrochemical treatments, in specified conditions (temperature and exposure time). The wettability of the materials used has a direct effect on the liquid layer, being influenced by the density, viscosity and surface tension of the liquid as well as the surface condition, which has allowed the comparison of the thickness experimental values with those determined analytically. The treatments applied had in view the possibility of improving or regenerating the packing efficiency as a result of the changes that occur on the contact surface. The characterization was done after each treatment. Also, it was established the number of equilibrium stages related to one packing element used in the separation process.
Study of Chemical Modification of Some Starch Using the Amylographic Method
Authors: Leonte Mihai , Florea Traian
Published: March 2020

The amyl graphic behaviour for products like carboxymetil starch obtained in different reaction conditions was looked into. The procedure specific feature is the chemical modification that takes place in a heterogeneous medium though the reaction of the reactant starch particle in indestructible conditions.
Researches on the Renewable Fuels Gas Production and their Economical and Ecological Utilization
Authors: Pisa Ionel , Prisecaru Tudor , Negreanu Gabriel
Published: March 2020

The paper aims at researching the possibilities to introduce certain renewable gas fuels, obtained through synthesis procedures, gasification and fermentation in the country�s balance of primary energy.
Calculus of the Required Driving Power for Tube Ball Mills
Authors: Ene Gheorghe , Prodea Iuliana-Marlena
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the determining of the necessary driving power for tube ball mills, regarding frequently used working conditions: by rolling balls and by falling down balls, on parabolic trajectory. To make easier the calculation of driving power, the established correlations where used in Blanc formula.
Researches Concerning the Intake of Carbon Dioxide Resulted from the Fossil Carbon Burning
Authors: Dobre Tanase , Floarea Octavian
Published: March 2020

The research by modelling has been particularized at the case of removal of carbon dioxide from hot burning gases. The gases washing with specific solution in mobile packed bed expresses the basic of proposed removal procedure of carbon dioxide. A large assembly of differential equations give the mathematical model of the considered procedure. The given simulations show that the carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide removal occurs with high intensities depending of the concentration level of the liquid active species.
Intensive Biological Process Based on SBR Reactor for Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Nicolau Margareta , Patroescu Viorel , Cosma Cristiana , Dinu Laurentiu , Bumbac Costel , Constantin Lucian
Published: March 2020

A two-stage aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor system (SBR) designed and constructed by INCD-ECOIND�s specialists was used for treatment of the wastewater discharged from drugs fabrication (conditioning operations), with variable concentrations of organic load: COD = 1200-3300 mg O2/L, BOD5 = 490-1570 mg O2/L. After acclimation period, the 1st stage and 2nd stage SBRs were able to achieve COD and BOD removal, with global efficiencies ranging from 63-97% and 82-99% respectively (HRT = 9 h). The effluent quality is in compliance with the discharge standards (GD352/05 - NTPA002). The paper also presents laboratory-scale experimentation carried out for the processing of excess biological sludge (stabilization/conditioning, leaching tests) in order to find out its subsequent destination.
Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients in Plastic Materials
Authors: Piringer Otto G.
Published: March 2020

Plastics properties can be tailored through control of their syntheses and processing to fit every desired application, packaging beeing a major one. Measurable residual amounts or conversion products from the many different raw materials and processing aids used in the various plastic synthesis processes can remain in the finished material along with many chemically different additives which are incorporated into the polymer matrix. All these compounds can diffuse from the plastics into its environment, for example into foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals or other goods packed in plastic materials, as well into the atmosphere and other environments. A theoretical modeling of diffusion coefficients of n-alkanes in a polymer, wich allows to better correlate the diffusion behavior with well defined properties of the polymer matrix, is presented.
Influence of Different Initiators Against the Mechanical Properties of Poly(e-caprolactone) used for Biodegradable Bone Implants
Authors: Lungu Adriana , Zecheru Teodora , Comsa Stanca , Iovu Horia
Published: March 2020

The ability of a strict control for the advanced macromolecular structures synthesis has been an important objective in our research. The development of polymers with defined structures and properties, aimed at biomedical applications, leads to complex and advanced architecture and diversity of the biodegradable polymers. Ring-opening polymerization is one of the most common methods for the synthesis of polymers with improved characteristics. Poly e-(caprolactone) (PCL) is prepared by ring-opening polymerization of the monomer e-caprolactone. The main factors which influence the ring-opening polymerization are the reaction conditions, such as the nature of the initiator, type and concentration of catalyst, reaction temperature and time. Stannous (II) 2-ethylhexanoate is used to catalyze the polymerization and alcohols are used as initiators. The initiators are also used to control the polymers molecular weight. Despite the long use of this catalyst in both industrial use and polymer research, several questions about the properties of the final product still remain. Our study describes the polymerization of e-caprolactone performed in the presence of catalyst (stannous (II) 2-ethylhexanoate) and initiator (1, 6 hexandiol or trimethylol propane) at moderate temperature (110�C). The polymerization of e-caprolactone was also performed in the presence of catalyst alone in order to evaluate the effect of the initiator against the polymers molecular weight. The obtained polymers were characterized by FTIR, GPC and TGA with respect to their mechanical properties. It is crucial to control the molecular weight of PCL for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, because its molecular weight determines the hydrolysis rate. Several ratios among monomer, catalyst and initiator were studied, and we chose an optimum composition, in order to control the mechanical properties, degradation profiles respectively, and to avoid the cytotoxicity given by the reagents used.
Crystal Structures, Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Manganese Perovskites
Authors: Burzo Emil , Balasz Istvan , Albu Mihaela
Published: March 2020

The Y0.67Ca0.33Mn1-yAlyO3 system with y � 0.2, crystallizes in an orthorhombic type structure having Pnma space group. The La1-xPbxMnO3 perovskites with 0.24 � x 0.40 have a rhombohedral structure of R 3c�type. The Y0.67Ca0.33Mn1-yAlyO3 samples show a mictomagnetic type behaviour. The analysis of charge compensation mechanism suggests that the number of oxygen vacancies increases with Al content. A semiconducting type behaviour was also shown. The contributions of double exchange mechanism to magnetic ordering in La1-xPbxMnO3 increase as the lead content is higher. A nearly ferromagnetic type ordering was shown for the sample with x=0.4. The number of Mn4+ ions fits well with the Pb2+ ones, suggesting that the change in Mn valence state is the dominant mechanism for charge compensation. A transition from metallic to semiconducting type behaviour is shown at temperatures by@130 K lower than the Curie points. Magnetoresistivities up to @ 50 % were determined in fields of 60�70 kOe.
Some Applications of Spin Labels in the Study of Serum Albumin and Biomembranes
Authors: Benga Gheorghe , Dansoreanu Ioana-Costina , Frangopol Maria , Frangopol Petre T.
Published: March 2020

The main contributions of the groups lead by the two main authors (Gh.B and P.T.F.) in the field of spin labeling ESR in studies of serum albumin and of some biomembranes are briefly described, mentioning some priorities. These are: the description in Romanian publications of the methodology for using spin labels in studies of proteins and biomembranes using the type ART-6 ESR spectrometer manufactured in Romania; the adaptation to this ESR spectrometer of a computerized system for the acqusition and processing of data; the application of a newly synthesized spin label, reactive with SH groups, in the study of serum albumin; the finding of the effects of 25-hydroxycholesterol at low concentrations (0,5-10 %) on egg yolk lecitin; the finding of a relatively high fluidity of human liver microsomes.
Research Concerning Improvement of Uranium Waste Dumps Through Diminution 226Ra and Unat radionuclides Migration
Authors: Bragea Mihaela , Perju Delia , Jinescu Gheorghita , Toro Laszlo , Marinescu Sorin , Cristache Carmen , Poiana Mariana
Published: March 2020

To simulate the phenomenon of migration availability of radioactive elements in uranium waste product from waste dump into the environment it was taken into account the Ciudanovita area with its uranium waste dumps. There were made studies through experiments of static extraction in agitation pot (static regime), which allow to pursue the evolution of contaminants along a specific period of time. It was accomplish a study about sorption and adsorption process on the geological environment (clay). It was observed that 226Ra and Unat transition through the sorption and adsorption processes were induced by the type of clay (due to variable solubility of clay and the physics and chemical status of 226Ra and Unat into the clay) and the time interval until the water contacts the clay. The concentration measurements of radionuclides into different dimension of clay particles were made to give pertinent information about the way of choosing the repair strategies for the studied site.
Calculation of the Glaze Recipe for Porcelain Feldspar Products Based on their Molecular Formula Rationalization
Authors: Teoreanu Ion , Dumitrache Roxana Lucia , Stoleriu Stefania
Published: March 2020

Any change of the raw material sources for glazes, economically, ecologically motivated, and also from the glaze quality point of view, is conditioned by the molecular formula rationalization and by the variation limits of the molecular formula, respectively. The proper glaze compositions are placed within their limit variation intervals with optimized processing and utilization properties. For this purpose, the rationalization criteria and procedures of molecular formulas are summarized in the present paper, as well as the results referring to their rationalization obtained in the authors� previous work. Thus, one starts from a base of raw materials that are selected, usable and also accessible for the design and producing of the glazes. On these bases the groundwork and the design equation for the glaze recipes are developed, exemplified for a single glaze. For an easy access to results, computer programs are used for an easy access to results.
Obtaining and Caracterization of Biocompatible Supports as Microparticles and Chitosan-Alginate Films with Immobilized Urease
Authors: Roman Gabriela Paun , Neagu Elena , Radu Gabriel Lucian , Teodor Eugenia
Published: March 2020

This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of the microparticles and films from chitosan,alginate and alginate/chitosan in relation to their application as supports for the urease immobilization. These enzymes are imobilized by using the following adsorbtion on solid supports methods: direct immersion of the support into enzymatic solutions; direct attachment of the carbodiimide derivate or sodium citrate activated supports. Carbodiimide activated supports have proved to be the most appropriate imobilization procedure. In this case the immobilization yields exceed 70%.
Graphite Dispersion. I. Spectrocolorimetric Characterization
Authors: Radoiu Sorin
Published: March 2020

The aim of the present study is to characterize from the spectrocolorimetric point of view the graphite films dispersed in epoxy, chloral-rubber, polyurethane and acrylic resins. By using a HunterLab system the remission spectrum in the visible light spectrum (400 � 700 nm) of the resulted films was measured. With special programs, from the spectrum were calculated the color parameters L*, a*, b*, C*, h*, the total color differences in three chromatic color units DE*, DEcmc, the three chromatic coordinates X, Y, Z, the chromaticity coordinate y, black index (without coloured undertone) of the films My and black shade index (contribution of the coloured undertone), dM.
Production of Anhydrous Ethanol Using Azeotropic Distillation with Petroleum Cuts or Gasoline Pool
Authors: Oprea Florin , Stoica Ionut
Published: March 2020

It is now a fact that biofuels have a certain future, whether it is about �biodiesel� or �bioethanol�. EU intends to impose continuous increase of biofuels proportion in commercial products. Ethanol can be used �per se� in commercial gasoline (in different proportions) or can be used instead of methanol in etherification reaction. In both cases it is necessary to use anhydrous ethanol. There are several drying processes: azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, pressure swing distillation, and adsorption. Present work proposes azeotropic distillation using like entrainer petroleum cuts or commercial gasoline pool. Finally, anhydrous ethanol contains hydrocarbons in several proportions and can be used like commercial gasoline component. The main advantage of this process is that the separation alcohol-hydrocarbons is not so tight, resulting important reducing of the energy consumption in process. There is used a rigorous thermodynamic model as the results are very trusted.
New Substituted Indolizines by 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions I. 7-tert-Butylindolizines
Authors: Georgescu Emilian , Georgescu Florentina , Draghici Constantin , Filip Petru , Dumitrascu Florea
Published: March 2020

The new indolizine derivatives 6a-h containing a tert-butyl group grafted on the pyridinic ring were obtained by reaction of N-phenacylpyridinium bromides 3 with ethyl propiolate as acetylenic dipolarophile in medium of 1,2-epoxybutane at reflux. Structural proof for the compounds was provided by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy, including COSY and HETCOR experiments.
The Behaviour of Some Acylthiosemicarbazides in the Reaction with a-Halogenated Esters
Authors: Barbuceanu Stefania-Felicia , Almajan Gabriela Laura , Saramet Ioana , Draghici Constantin , Enache Cristian
Published: March 2020

New six unexpected 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were obtained starting from acylthiosemicarbazides. N1-[4-(4-X-phenylsulfonyl)benzoyl]-N4-(2/3-methoxyphenyl)-thiosemicarbazides 2,3a-c were treated with ethyl chloro- or bromoacetate in presence of anhydrous sodium acetate in order to obtain new thiazolidin-4-ones compounds. However, formation of desired thiazolidin-4-ones from these acylthiosemicarbazides failed and instead 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were obtained. For confirmation presence of these compounds, 5-[4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-(3-methoxyphenylamino)-1,3,4-oxadiazole 5a was synthetized by cyclodesulfurization of acylthiosemicarbazide 3a with mercury (II) acetate. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by FTIR, UV, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, MS spectra and elemental analysis.
The Study of Catalytic Degradation of Malvidin-3-Glucoside from Red Wines, using Molecular Absorption Spectrophotometry
Authors: Alecu Aurora , Saucier Cedric , Cretescu Igor
Published: March 2020

The presence of oxygen and heavy metals naturally found in red wines, leads to the depreciation of their qualities, due to the malvidin-3-glucoside degradation. In this paper, the kinetic of the malvidin-3-glucoside degradation, in synthetic wine model solutions, in the presence of different concentrations of iron and copper, at a temperature of 70oC and two pH values of the wines (2.9 and 3.4 respectively), was studied using the molecular absorption spectrophotometry method.
Structural Characteristics and Anticorrosive Properties of a Titanium Bioalloy
Authors: Rosca Julia Claudia , Vasilescu Ecaterina , Mareci Daniel , Ivanescu Steliana , Lopez Agustin Santana
Published: March 2020

In this paper, different thermal-mechanical treatments were applied on Ti6Al4V alloy and structural characteristics were correlated with anticorrosive properties in Ringer-Brown solution. Alloys present self-passivation with more electropositive corrosion potentials than of titanium; all electrochemical parameters have improved values, resulting the beneficial effect of the thermal treatment. Both alloys and base metal are very resistant in Ringer-Brown solution. Metallographic studies show that the thermal-mechanical treatments increased the corrosion resistance of the alloys in physiological fluids.
The Influence of Fretting Parameters on Tribocorrosion Behaviour of AISI 304L Stainless Steel in Ringer Solution
Authors: Bratu Felicia , Benea Lidia , Celis Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2020

Medical applications where tribocorrosion has to be considered are orthopaedic and prosthetic implants, hip joints, amalgam restorative materials, and orthodontic brackets-archwire structures. In most cases, the degradation of biocompatible implant materials can lead to failure of medical therapy and cause a tissue inflammation. The dependence of the tribocorrosion of stainless steels AISI 304L orthodontic archwires sliding against corundum in Ringer�s solution on applied normal force, and sliding velocity, has been investigated using in-situ electrochemical current-potential measurements. Applied normal force and sliding velocity were found to greatly affect current and potential during fretting-corrosion. An increase in normal force and sliding velocity induce an increase in current and a decrease in potential accelerating the depassivation rate of the tested stainless steels. Sliding wear affects the repassivation behaviour of stainless steel by increasing the anodic current in the wear track area.
Adsorbtia complecsilor surfactant neionic-colorant acid la interfata bumbac/apa
Authors: Moater Elena Irina , Olteanu Mihaela , Radulescu Cristiana
Published: March 2020

The study of the surfactant-dye joint systems adsorption on cellulose materials is very important because the surfactant-dye complexes can arrive in surface waters and the surfactants can be accumulated in soil by adsorption and can influence the normal development of the plants and the vivid organisms. It was demonstrated that the adsorption on cotton/water interface of some anionic surfactant (APG)-acid dye joint aqueous solutions with the reactive system represented by the izothiocyan group, is described by many rival processes. In the first stage of adsorption , surfactant-dye complexes with a little association degree type DSn (n=1-3) are adsorbed , but, at surfactant micelle concentrations in aqueous solution, there are two rival processes, the formation of joint micelles with big association degree (DS1, l=10-50) in competition with the surfactant simple micelles adsorption on cotton/water interface. It was observed the existence of a clear difference between the adsorbent system in the case of monomer surfactant and the adsorbent system when it is present the dye in solution, from the calculation of occupied surfaces with surfactant molecules on cotton/water interface. The type of interaction and the organization mode of surfactant-dye complexes on cotton/water interface through the modulation of original dates with classical and recent equations of adsorption isotherms were established (Fowler-Guggenheim, Zhu-Gu).
Combustion of Water Emulsion - Marine Diesel Oil Droplet
Authors: Moroianu Corneliu , Samoilescu Gheorghe
Published: March 2020

The vaporization and combustion characteristics of an heavy oil-water emulsion droplet are investigated with graphological method. The combustion graphology of fuel oils is defined as a new technical and scientific field which deals with the graphic transposition of the processes of fuels combustion development in a simulator. Thus, it is easy to establish the ignition-combustion characteristics, including the laws that govern their changes depending on the combustion conditions and fuel specifications.
Optical Properties of Ni/NiOx as Infiltration Agent in Cermet Solar Ir Absorber
Authors: Purghel Elena , Voinea Mihaela , Isac Luminita , Duta Anca
Published: March 2020

The Ni/NiOx films were deposited onto micro-glass substrates by spray pyrolysis (SPD). As precursors, aqua nickel acetate solutions were used. Deposition parameters such as temperature substrate and spraying solution concentration were varied for optimizing the Ni/NiOx cermet properties. The optical properties of the films (a, e) were correlated with their chemical composition, crystalline structure and morphology. At the deposition condition, the major phase is cubic NiO. The annealing increases the crystallinity degree offering good values of solar absorbance (a=0.91) and emittance (e=0.07).
Coordination Compounds of Several Transition Metals with Phenyl-2-pyridyl-ketone
Authors: Kriza Angela , Tatucu Mariana , Stanica Nicolae , Anoaica Paul Gabriel
Published: March 2020

Cobalt (II), nickel (II), copper (II), cadmium (II), and mercury(II) complexes with phenyl-2-pyridyl-ketone as ligand were synthesized at room temperature in ethanolic solution. The donor atoms and the possible geometry of the complexes were determined by means of elemental analysis, molar conductivities, IR, electronic, and EPR spectroscopies, magnetic measurements, and thermogravimmetric analysis.
N,N,N�N�-tetraacetyletylenedyamine (TAED) as an Activator for Persodiums, in Modern Compositions of Detergents and Disinfectants
Authors: Stepan Emil , Neamtu Constantin , Enascuta Cristina , Ordeanu Viorel , Necsulescu Marius , Andries Adrian A. , Irimia Adriana
Published: March 2020

The synthesis of N,N,N�,N��tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in two steps was approached, using as a basic raw material ethylenediamine, this one being acetylated in the first step with acetic acid to give N,N��diacetylethylenediamine (DAED), DAED being acetylated afterward with acetic anhydride up to TAED; both steps of the process are accomplished in a xylene medium. The purification of the raw product is made from a mixture of acetic acid and ethanol, giving TAED with a purity that allows it to be used in detergent and disinfectant mixtures. The activation capacity of the peroxidic compounds was tested using sodium percabonate, as a single compound or in a mixture with TAED, on several bacterias.
Effect of the Content on the Electrochemical Stability of Titanium Alloys with Vanadium or Zirconium
Authors: Popa Mihai Vasile , Vasilescu Ecaterina , Drob Paula , Vasilescu Cora , Prodana Mariana
Published: March 2020

Zirconium has very good osseointegration in human body and is considered inertly both the bare metal and its oxides. Zirconium is passive on a large pH range from 4 to 13 value and is protected by its ZrO2 resistant oxide. The new ternary Ti-6Al-4Zr alloy has higher corrosion resistance than Ti-6Al-4V alloy in Ringer 1 and Ringer 2 solutions of different pH values (from 2.33 to 9.4) that simulate the extreme functional conditions of an implant. All main electrochemical parameters and anticorrosive properties are improved as a result of the beneficial, favorable effects of the replacement of vanadium with zirconium.
Study of One Sort of Romanian Diatomite as Precursor in the Synthesis of Some Metallic Silicates
Authors: Macarovici Dan , Paraschiv Viorel , Popovici Elisabeth-Jeanne
Published: March 2020

The behaviour of one sort of Romanian diatomite as precursor in the synthesis of calcium and magnesium silicates was studied. The calcination of this diatomite, 3 h at 10000C in air, does not produce major modifications in structure and composition. In the same conditions, the thermal reaction between diatomite and calcium carbonate leads to a mixture of calcium silicates (CaSiO3, Ca2SiO4, Ca3SiO5) whereas the reaction product with magnesium oxide is orthomagnesium silicate (Mg2SiO4 - forsterite). This sort of Romanian diatomite can play the same role as other silica sources in the synthesis of alkaline-earth silicates.
Characterization of the Products and By-products Obtained in the Electrolytic Refining of Copper Using Scraps
Authors: Buzatu Mihai , Moldovan Petru , Bojin Dionezie , Butu Mihai , Juhasz Iozsef , Pop Elena
Published: March 2020

Experimental data from electrolytic refining of copper anodes obtained from scraps are presented in this paper. Alloying elements behaviour from the secondary copper was studied by SEM microscopy, EDAX chemical characterization, and atomic emission spectroscopy.
About the Contribution of Anodic Dissolution at Erosive Balance by Processing Through Complex Electric - Electrochemical Erosion
Authors: Trasca Teodor Ioan , Popovici Vasile , Calamar Popovici Despina , Rinovetz Alexandru , Dogaru Diana
Published: March 2020

This paper presents studies made to establish the contribution of erosive phenomenon as a result of anodic dissolution during processing through complex electric � electrochemical erosion used in industry to cut very hard conductor materials. The authors propose a relative simple calculation method for the amount of anodic dissolution phenomenon into erosive balance of the process.
Syringa (Melia azedarach L.) Berries Oil: a Potential Source for Biodiesel Fuel
Authors: Stavarache Carmen Eugenia , Morris John , Maeda Yasuaki , Oyane Ikuko , Vinatoru Mircea
Published: March 2020

The ultrasonically assisted transesterification of oil extracted from Melia azedarach L. berries, using base catalyst, in order to obtain biodiesel fuel, was investigated. The parameters that affect the yield and purity of the product include the oil quality, type of catalyst, type of alcohol and reaction temperature. The best results were obtained for the transesterification of purified oil with methanol in a 1:9 molar ratio, at 36�C, using 1% NaOH as catalyst. The time to complete the reaction was less than 40 minutes when methanol was employed and only 20 min when ethanol was employed. The product is characterized by specific parameters used to describe the biodiesel quality. The results presented in this paper show that this tree could be considered as a potential source for renewable biodiesel fuel, especially in South Africa where it is an alien invasive plant meant for destruction.
New Phenoxyacetic Acid Analogues with Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Moanta Anca , Radu Stelian
Published: March 2020

This paper presents experimental data regarding the synthesis and the antimicrobial activity of new 4-phenylazo-phenoxyacetic acids. All compounds were characterized by IR, UV-Vis, mass spectral data and by elemental analysis. These compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and for their antifungal activity against Candida albicans by disk diffusion method.
Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Bioinformatics - Two Modern Tools for Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase (SOD3) Gene Promoter Analysis
Authors: Samoila Corina , Lupea Alfa Xenia , Anghel Andrei , Motoc Marilena , Otiman Gabriela , Motoc Andrei , Tamas Liviu
Published: March 2020

Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography (DHPLC) is a relatively new method used for screening DNA sequences, characterized by high capacity to detect mutations/polymorphisms. This study is focused on the Transgenomic WAVETM DNA Fragment Analysis (based on DHPLC separation method) of a 485 bp fragment from human EC-SOD gene promoter in order to detect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) associated with atherosclerosis and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. The fragment of interest was amplified by PCR reaction and analyzed by DHPLC in 100 healthy subjects and 70 patients characterized by atheroma. No different melting profiles were detected for the analyzed DNA samples. A combination of computational methods was used to predict putative transcription factors in the fragment of interest. Several putative transcription factors binding sites from the Ets-1 oncogene family: ETS member Elk-1, polyomavirus enhancer activator-3 (PEA3), protein C-Ets-1 (Ets-1), GABP: GA binding protein (GABP), Spi-1 and Spi-B/PU.1 related transcription factors, from the Krueppel-like family: Gut-enriched Krueppel-like factor (GKLF), Erythroid Krueppel-like factor (EKLF), Basic Krueppel-like factor (BKLF), GC box and myeloid zinc finger protein MZF-1 were identified in the evolutionary conserved regions. The bioinformatics results need to be investigated further in others studies by experimental approaches.
About the Calculus of the Materials and Process Equipment Deterioratio
Authors: Jinescu Valeriu V.
Published: March 2020

In this second part of the paper, one puts into evidence the factors wich influence the fatigue resistance and the fatigue limit of materials (the frequency of applied load, mean stress, residual stresses, voids or cracks), as well as the influence of cyclic loading onto the monotonic stress � strain curves properties. On the basis of the principle of critical energy one have been established some relations for the influence of mean stress and residual stress about the fatigue strength and fatigue limit. In the same time one puts into evidence the influence of cracks, of the loading direction and of the type of loading one the fatigue limit.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Heterocyclic Condensed Systems with Bridgehead Nitrogen from Thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-6(5H)-ones Class with Potential Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Barbuceanu Stefania-Felicia , Saramet Ioana , Almajan Gabriela Laura , Draghici Constantin , Tarcomnicu Isabela , Bancescu Gabriela
Published: March 2020

In this study, the synthesis and characterization of new thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-6(5H)-ones 3-5 are described starting from 5-[4-(4-X-phenylsulfonyl)phenyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thioles 2. The treatment of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thioles 2 with chloroacetic acid and substituted or non-substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of sodium acetate, acetic acid and acetic anhydride gave fused ring compounds 3-5. The structures of thiazolo-triazolones 3-5 have been elucidate by elemental analysis and IR, UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS spectra. Some of the newly synthesized products were tested for their antimicrobial effects.
Electrochemical Determination of the Corrosion Resistance of Ag-Pd Dental Alloys
Authors: Mareci Daniel , Cretescu Igor , Aelenei Neculai , Rosca Julia Claudia Mirza
Published: March 2020

The electrochemical behavior of a three Ag-Pd alloys used in dental prosthetics construction for crowns and bridges was studied in artificial saliva using the polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The corrosion resistance was evaluated by means of the corrosion currents value and by coulometric analysis. The open circuit potential of Ag-Pd are attributed to dealloying followed by surface enrichment with Ag and the possible formation of an insoluble AgCl surface film on the respective alloy surfaces. Our results have shown that these alloys have a somewhat good corrosion resistance in artificial saliva. When increasing the content of Cu, corrosion resistance decreases. The passivation of all samples occurred spontaneously at the open circuit potential. The electrochemical properties of the spontaneously passivated electrodes at the open circuit potential were studied by EIS. The polarization resistance (Rp) and the electrode capacitance (Cdl) were determined. The polarisation resistance of all the samples increases with the immersion time. The polarization resistances are largest and decrease when increasing the content of Cu. Cu reduces the Ag-Pd alloy corrosion resistance. The present study, thought limited, has shown that electrochemical characteristics can be use to identify such alloys. Knowledge of the in vitro corrosion behaviour of these alloys may lead to better understanding of any biologically adverse effects in vitro.
The Role of Degreased Vitis Vinifera Seeds on the Oxidation of Coffee Lipids
Authors: Bita Mihaela Gabriela
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of degreased antioxidant used to prevent the oxidation of coffee lipids. The coffee samples in mixture with degreased respectively with regular antioxidant were medium roasted and packed in plastic pouches laminated with aluminum foil. All sets of samples were stored for one year at a medium temperature of 22.5�C. The extent of lipid oxidation was followed by determination of peroxide, acidity and refraction values and by chromatographic analyse of fatty acids content.The results show the advantage of using degreased antioxidant towards regular antioxidant to prevent coffee lipid oxidation.
Corrosion Process of Incoloy-800 in High Pressure and Temperature Aqueous Environment
Authors: Lucan Dumitra , Fulger Manuela , Jinescu Gheorghita
Published: March 2020

The Steam Generators (SG), equipment that ensures the connection between the primary and secondary circuits, creates several safety problems during operation, mainly due to corrosion and mechanical damages. To provide information about the corrosion behaviour of the structural materials from CANDU SG under normal and abnormal conditions of operation and to identify the failure types produced by the corrosion were performed corrosion experiments consisting in chemical accelerated tests, static autoclaving and electrochemical methods. The gravimetric method, optical metallographic microscopy, XRD and EDS analysis, as well as electrochemical measurements have been used to evaluate the corrosion behavior of the steam generator tubes material (Incoloy-800).
Systematic Studies Regarding the Introduction of a New Product in the Flow of Drinking Water of an Atypical Surface Source
Authors: Cical Elena , Oprea Gabriela , Mihali Cristina , Ardelean Laura , Burtica Georgeta , Lupa Lavinia
Published: March 2020

Polyaluminium chloride is a new coagulation reagent recommended for water treatment. This paper presents a study regarding water treatment from the storage lake St�mtori � Firiza with this new coagulation reagent in comparison with the classic method currently applied. The classic method uses cake of alum (aluminium sulfate) and hydrated lime. In the case of atypical waters having low temperatures, low alkalinity and variable turbidity, the classic method has poor results. The main purpose of the experimental studies is to establish the adequate doses of coagulation reagent for obtaining drinking water according to present legislations.
Synthesis and Chemical Characterization of New Derivative Complexes from UO22+and Th4+ Ions with the (iso)polioxomolybdate and (iso)polioxotungstate Clusters
Authors: Olariu Romeo-Iulian , Humelnicu Doina , Arsene Cecilia , Sandu Ion , Carja Gabriela
Published: March 2020

New isopolyoxomolybdates and isopolyoxotungstates with both UO22+ and Th4+ ions have been synthesized by self-assembly from raw materials as Na2MoO4�2H2O, Na2WO4�2H2O, uranyl acetate and thorium nitrate in acidic media under controlled conditions of temperature and pH. Accomplishments for the chemical characterization of the newly synthesized units is foreseen through the data obtained by the mean of state of art technique as Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis spectrophotometry, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) with electron diffraction X-ray (EDX) detection, and thermogravimetric analysis.
Review of the genus Coelostoma of Taiwan with description of a new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Authors: Liu Hsing-Che , Hu Fang-Shuo , Fikáček Martin
Published: March 2020

The water scavenger beetle genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 of Taiwan is reviewed based on freshly collected material and museum specimens. Seven species are recognized, of which one new species, Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) taiwanense sp. nov., is described. Distributional data of C. fallaciosum Orchymont, 1936 and C. stultum (Walker, 1858) are summarized. Coelostoma phallicum Orchymont, 1940, C. wui Orchymont, 1940, C. vitalisi Orchymont, 1923 and C. bhutanicum Jayaswal, 1972 are reported for the first time from Taiwan. Coelostoma vagum Orchymont, 1940 is excluded from Taiwanese fauna pending the rediscovery of vouchers or newly collected specimens. A distribution map and key to Taiwanese species of the genus are provided.
LA EDUCACIÓN COMO EJE FUNDAMENTAL PARA EL DESARROLLO
Authors: Bravo De la Ossa Altagracia
Published: March 2020

Este ensayo es producto de la reflexión  sobre las tensiones dadas entre un mundo globalizado, el desarrollo social y el sistema educativo; este último ha caído en la obsolescencia en nuestra región latinoamericana, toda vez que se presenta una brecha significativa en el uso y aplicación  de recursos como las comunicaciones, la   ciencia y la tecnología, pues se ha demostrado el potencial que tienen estos elementos  para desarrollar un país.  En el caso de las TICs se puede afirmar que éstas hoy no son  suficientes para permear la mayor parte de la población estudiantil, por otra parte se ha dado un avance en la cobertura educativa en detrimento de la calidad, lo cual no generaría las competencias necesarias en los estudiantes para enfrentar los retos del siglo XXI, finalmente se puede afirmar que  la escuela para asumir el  nuevo desafío  necesita de un gerente que utilice los recursos económicos, pedagógicos y humanos de  manera eficaz y eficiente. Sugiere prudencia en el análisis que se haga a la inserción de la formación por competencias en el desarrollo de un país. Valora la importancia de las nuevas tecnologías en el proceso de la globalización y su fortaleza en la educación virtual,  reconoce la implementación de las políticas  educativas como mecanismos que apoyan directamente la adquisición  construcción y  generación   del conocimiento;  elementos éstos considerados  esenciales en el desarrollo de un país.
UTOPÍA-DISTOPÍA: RETOS PARA LA MODERNIZACIÓN EDUCATIVA
Authors: Pinilla Monroy Magda Consuelo
Published: March 2020

Existen grandes contradicciones entre el ideal de modernización y la realidad que acontece en nuestro mundo globalizado. El progreso se da en forma desigual y la incertidumbre se apodera del futuro. En esa perspectiva un tanto pesimista aparece la noción de modernidad líquida, a la que alude Zygmunt Bauman, un espacio de incertidumbre y vacío, una transformación incesante de lo que antes era estable y sólido. Pero es en la crisis de valores, de la sociedad y la cultura, es en esta esta ambivalencia aparentemente infranqueable entre la utopía y la distopía del concepto de modernización en donde se puede pensar en una opción con el poder transformador necesario para enfrentar el miedo: la educación. Esta requiere repensar sus objetivos, procesos y la participación de sus actores. Su capacidad de reinventarse, adaptarse, hacer frente a la situación y propender por una formación de individuos capaces de  reconocer su devenir histórico, social, político, cultural. La educación  se erige como una opción para alcanzar una modernización desde centro mismo de la sociedad con una conciencia humanista y con la posibilidad de librar la batalla contra la desesperanza.