bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primer registro y ampliación en la distribución del murciélago Perimyotis subflavus para el estado de Hidalgo y sus implicaciones en la conservación
Authors: Pacheco Sara Melissa , Pacheco Jesús
Published: February 2024

Durante julio de 2018, registramos la presencia de una hembra del murciélago Perimyotis subflavus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) en la localidad de Pueblo Nuevo, San Bartolo Tutotepec, Hidalgo (20°25´13.7” N, -98°14´22.72” O), en un remanente de bosque mesófilo de montaña, a una altitud de 1,900 msnm. Dentro de los aspectos más relevantes reportados en este artículo al respecto de P. subflavus es que representa el primer y único registro hasta el momento en el estado de Hidalgo, con lo que se incrementa la riqueza de especies a 57 especies de murciélagos en dicha entidad. Además, este registro también representa: i) el primer reporte de P. subflavus en un bosque mesófilo de montaña, ii) incrementa su área de distribución a 147 km del registro más cercano, del estado de Veracruz y iii) es uno de los registros de mayor altitud para esta especie, en México, a 1,900 msnm.
Piebaldismo en murciélagos frugívoros (Artibeus jamaicensis parvipes) en la provincia Villa Clara, Cuba
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Ernesto , Hernández-Padrón Jesús C. , Amaro-Valdés Seriocha , Molina-Enriques Suanmy , Pérez-Lami Juan M.
Published: February 2024

El piebaldismo es un trastorno hipopigmentario que se distingue por la carencia total de melanina en algunas áreas de la piel y/o de los folículos pilosos, pero la coloración de los ojos es normal. A menudo este trastorno es confundido con leucismo. Al igual que el albinismo y el leucismo, esta anomalía cromática ha sido registrada en varios grupos de vertebrados neotropicales, particularmente en mamíferos. Sin embargo, estos eventos son raros en poblaciones silvestres. Entre las 26 especies de murciélagos cubanos solo han sido documentados cuatro casos de albinismo en dos especies, uno en el murciélago casero (Molossus tropidorhynchus) y tres en el murciélago frugívoro (Artibeus jamaicensis parvipes). En cambio, solo un caso de piebaldismo (reidentificado en esta nota) se conoce en esta última especie en Cuba. En esta nota registramos dos nuevos casos de piebaldismo en el murciélago frugívoro en el archipiélago cubano y, adicionalmente, damos a conocer (por primera vez) la fauna de murciélagos que habita en las tres cuevas visitadas de la provincia Villa Clara, Cuba.
A Review - Bamboo Industry
Authors: Pavate Vinayak
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The article highlights bamboo as a versatile material with numerous applications across various industries. Its widespread availability, rapid growth, and favorable physical and chemical properties make it a convenient and easily accessible resource globally. Bamboo, being one of the oldest traditional building materials, has a rich history of use in construction. Bamboo belongs to the grass family and is renowned for being the fastest-growing plant in the world. Its industrial applications span a wide range, including food production, wood substitute, pulpand paper production, medicinal products, cottage industries, and charcoal production
Efficient classical simulation of cluster state quantum circuits with alternative inputs
Authors: Atallah Sahar , Garn Michael , Jevtic Sania , Tao Yukuan , Virmani Shashank
Published: February 2024

We provide new examples of pure entangled systems related to cluster state quantum computation that can be efficiently simulated classically. In cluster state quantum computation input qubits are initialised in the `equator' of the Bloch sphere, CZ gates are applied, and finally the qubits are measured adaptively using Z measurements or measurements of cos⁡(θ)X+sin⁡(θ)Y operators. We consider what happens when the initialisation step is modified, and show that for lattices of finite degree D, there is a constant λ≈2.06 such that if the qubits are prepared in a state that is within λ−D in trace distance of a state that is diagonal in the computational basis, then the system can be efficiently simulated classically in the sense of sampling from the output distribution within a desired total variation distance. In the square lattice with D=4 for instance, λ−D≈0.056. We develop a coarse grained version of the argument which increases the size of the classically efficient region. In the case of the square lattice of qubits, the size of the classically simulatable region increases in size to at least around ≈0.070, and in fact probably increases to around ≈0.1. The results generalise to a broader family of systems, including qudit systems where the interaction is diagonal in the computational basis and the measurements are either in the computational basis or unbiased to it. Potential readers who only want the short version can get much of the intuition from figures 1 to 3.
DA CENA DO CRIME AO LABORATÓRIO: A CIÊNCIA FORENSE COMO METODOLOGIA DE ENSINO
Authors: Ribeiro Kessily da Silva , Friedrich Leidi Cecilia , Parisoto Mara Fernanda , Rufato Fabricio Duim
Published: February 2024

Contextualizar o ensino de ciências para o aluno possibilita ao estudante uma maior compreensão dos conteúdos. Adotar metodologias ativas que auxiliem o docente em suas aulas e que, ao mesmo tempo, permita ao aluno atuar como um sujeito ativo no seu aprendizado é uma forma inovadora de ensino e aprendizagem. Deste modo, o presente trabalho propõe um estudo de caso, separado em cinco etapas e conduzido por metodologias ativas e interdisciplinaridade no ensino de ciências exatas, ao utilizar como tema a ciência forense e a investigação criminal, a fim de apresentar ao estudante a aplicação das ciências na elucidação de crimes. A atividade foi baseada na participação ativa dos alunos em todo processo de coleta e análise dos dados identificados em uma cena de crime, recriada seguindo as evidências do caso “Isabella Nardoni”, assassinada em 2008. Objetiva-se que o aluno possa investigar e analisar as provas do possível crime, aplicando os conhecimentos das ciências exatas para tal finalidade. Nesse sentido, é importante ressaltar que as aulas teóricas e experimentais realizadas no contexto desta prática teve como objetivo principal envolver os alunos e promover o desenvolvimento de sua cognição em relação aos conceitos de ciências exatas abordados e sua aplicação na vida real. Assim, podemos concluir que a implementação de metodologias ativas, aliadas à prática investigativa forense, tem se mostrado eficiente no processo de ensino das ciências exatas. Os estudantes foram encorajados ao conhecimento de forma ativa, o que resultou em uma melhor compreensão das teorias científicas abordadas.
EXPLORANDO A QUÍMICA COM JOGOS DIDÁTICOS NO 3º ANO DO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA ABORDAGEM PRÁTICA PARA O ENSINO DE FUNÇÕES ORGÂNICAS
Authors: Vieira Maria Alice de Sousa , Aguiar Carlos Francisco dos Santos , Cardoso Francilene , Brito Cleiton de Sousa , Silva Mayron de Sousa e , Carvalho Rusbene Bruno Fonseca de
Published: February 2024

A Química é vista como desafiadora devido ser uma disciplina abstrata, e o uso de jogos é sugerido como estratégia envolvente para superar essa dificuldade. Os jogos não apenas estimulam a aprendizagem, mas também promovem interação, motivação e criatividade, tornando o ensino mais dinâmico. Nesse contexto, o estudo teve como objetivo criar e aplicar jogos didáticos para o ensino de Química Orgânica, buscando complementar a atuação do professor em sala de aula, oferecendo suporte na abordagem dos conteúdos e proporcionando aos alunos uma experiência lúdica e coletiva para a compreensão desses temas. Para a concepção deste estudo, inicialmente, realizaram-se observações nas aulas de Química em quatro turmas ao longo de um período de quatro meses. O propósito era identificar as áreas em que os alunos apresentavam maiores dificuldades. A partir dessas observações, foram desenvolvidos dois jogos didáticos, "Sorte Orgânica" e "Bingo Orgânico", com o intuito de abordar e superar as dificuldades identificadas. A análise dos dados foi conduzida mediante uma abordagem qualitativa, embasada na descrição, observação e interpretação do fenômeno em estudo, contribuindo para a compreensão e aprimoramento da aprendizagem dos alunos. Os jogos proporcionaram uma abordagem envolvente, estimulando a participação ativa e a revisão de conteúdo. Modificou a dinâmica da sala de aula, permitindo uma aprendizagem interativa e participativa. A aplicação dos jogos destacou a necessidade de estratégias diversificadas no processo de ensino, encorajando alunos e professores a buscarem métodos mais envolventes. Apesar dos desafios iniciais, os jogos resultaram em uma experiência educacional positiva, ressaltando a importância de abordagens diversificadas no ensino. Este estudo reforça a ideia de que a aprendizagem é um processo colaborativo e construtivo, no qual tanto os professores quanto os alunos desempenham um papel ativo na construção do conhecimento.
Cárcere e autonomia sexual feminina: a distribuição de parlatórios de visitas íntimas nas unidades prisionais do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Garau Marilha Gabriela , Martins Isabella
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo visa discutir questões relativas à visita íntima para mulheres privadas de liberdade no contexto atual do sistema prisional do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Tendo como referência, dados qualitativos e quantitativos, de fontes primárias e secundárias, análise documental e revisão bibliográfica, a pesquisa propõe discutir de que modo as decisões estatais relacionadas à distribuição das apenadas pelas unidades do estado são diretamente direcionadas por representações morais que impactam na autonomia sexual das mulheres privadas de liberdade. A pesquisa evidencia que a reorganização e gestão do corpo preso, no contexto específico, impacta diretamente na consolidação do direito à visita e no não acesso aos parlatórios, culminando num processo punição adicional dessas mulheres que perpassa pelo controle moral de corpos femininos fortalecendo o processo de abandono afetivo como parte de uma punição adicional, não prevista em lei.
DNA methylation-based assessment of cell composition in human pancreas and islets
Authors: Drawshy Zeina , Neiman Daniel , Fridlich Ori , Peretz Ayelet , Magenheim Judith , V Rozo Andrea , M Doliba Nicolai , A Stoffers Doris , H Kaestner Klaus , A Schatz Desmond , Wasserfall Clive , Campbell-Thompson Martha , Shapiro James , Kaplan Tommy , Shemer Ruth , Glaser Benjamin , Klochendler Agnes , Dor Yuval
Published: February 2024

Assessment of pancreas cell type composition is crucial to the understanding of the genesis of diabetes. Current approaches use immunodetection of protein markers, for example insulin as a marker of beta-cells. A major limitation of these methods is that protein content varies in physiological and pathological conditions, complicating the extrapolation to actual cell number. Here we demonstrate the use of cell type-specific DNA methylation markers for determining the fraction of specific cell types in human islet and pancreas specimens. We identified genomic loci that are uniquely demethylated in specific pancreatic cell types and applied targeted PCR to assess the methylation status of these loci in tissue samples, enabling inference of cell type composition. In islet preparations, normalization of insulin secretion to beta-cell DNA revealed similar beta-cell function in pre-T1D, T1D and T2D , which was significantly lower than in non-diabetic donors. In histological pancreas specimens from recent-onset T1D this assay showed beta-cell fraction within the normal range, suggesting a significant contribution of beta-cell dysfunction. In T2D pancreata we observed increased alpha-cell fraction and normal beta-cell fraction. Methylation-based analysis provides an accurate molecular alternative to immune detection of cell types in the human pancreas, with utility in the interpretation of insulin secretion assays and the assessment of pancreas cell composition in health and disease.
Antioxidants Capacity of Milk, Probiotics and Postbiotics: A Review
Authors: SK Moghadam
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the antioxidant capacity of milk, probiotics, and postbiotics. Antioxidants are compounds that can protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress. Milk is a rich source of antioxidants, including vitamins A and E, and some evidence suggests that milk consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. Probiotics are live microorganisms that can confer health benefits when ingested, and some strains have been shown to have antioxidant properties. Postbiotics are non-viable microorganisms or their metabolites, and recent research has suggested that they may have antioxidant effects. This paper reviews the current evidence on the antioxidant capacity of milk, probiotics, and postbiotics, and discusses the potential implications for human health. Overall, the findings suggest that these three sources may have antioxidant effects, which could contribute to their health-promoting properties. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to determine their clinical relevance.
User’s Perceived Attitudes and Acceptance Towards Wearable Devices in Healthcare
Authors: Gerold Lisa , Lutfi Helana , Spittler Thomas
Published: February 2024

With the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic uncovering several structural problems within the German healthcare system, especially within the inpatient sector, rapid improvements were needed to strengthen the preventive industry of the healthcare system. To adequately cover prevention as well as aftercare needs, some telemedical solutions, such as wearables can strongly contribute to the preventive sector. Therefore, this research aims to understand users’ perceived attitudes and acceptance towards wearable devices in healthcare. Following the Technology Acceptance Model, the essential factors that influence user acceptance were assessed using an online survey involving 154 participants, students of the Deggendorf Institute of Technology. The results of this survey indicate that among the students’ technology acceptance is generally high, participants had a favourable attitude towards digital health technologies, a high perception of usefulness, and a heightened perception of ease of use. Only a minor of the participants have stated that they have certain concerns, mainly regarding data protection. This study however gives very little insight into what elderly people, people in the active workforce, or those suffering from chronic illness think of wearables and digital health as a whole. So further research including this demographic of people is suggested.
The Effectiveness of the Skills Training Program at BAZNAS Kebumen Regency to Realize the Economic Independence of Mustahik
Authors: Ngaqidatul Qomariyah Siti , Dewi Laela Hilyatin
Published: February 2024

In Islam, there are several ways that can be done to alleviate someone from the poverty line, one of which is by utilizing zakat funds. The utilization of zakat is not only to meet consumptive needs, but needs to be empowered productively, meaning that zakat funds need to be developed so that they can be of long-term benefit to the recipients to realize economic independence. In creating an independent society, there are things that can be given, namely by forming a community business ethic, equipping competitive skills, conducting skills training to enrich resources, providing capital support through government programs, and mobilizing the community to be productive so that they can be financially independent. One of the important points in productive utilization of zakat is the process of managing empowerment programs by institutions that are carried out properly. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the skills training program carried out by BAZNAS Kebumen Regency to realize the economic independence of mustahik. To answer the problem formulation in this study, the type of research used is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research results obtained, it shows that the skills training program carried out by BAZNAS Kebumen Regency to realize the independence of mustahik can be said to be quite effective. With this program, the mustahik can empower themselves. Furthermore, to further streamline the skills training program in empowering its mustahik, BAZNAS Kebumen Regency is expected to improve again in terms of mentoring or monitoring to mustahik as a whole, especially for mustahik who have received skills training. The limited number of amil in BAZNAS Kebumen Regency is suggested to be overcome by opening volunteers.
Islamic Boarding School Economic Empowerment through Halal Industry Development in Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Ari Widiati  , Samsul Hidayat
Published: February 2024

Islamic boarding school as one of the educational institutions in Indonesia has an important role in assisting the government in advancing the religious spirituality of the students. In addition, Islamic boarding school also play a role in community economic development, one of the Islamic boarding schools that contributes to the economy is the Muinul Islamic boarding school in Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat. With the specifications of the halal honey kelulut industry. This research aims to describe 1) How is the halal management process for the kelulut honey industry in Islamic Boarding School? 2) What is the achievement of developing the kelulut honey industry business? 3) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the halal business of the kelulut honey industry? This type of research uses descriptive qualitative data collection through observation and in-depth interviews. The results of this research are 1) Halal management of the kelulut honey industry at Muinul Islamic boarding school is in accordance with halal standards set by the government. 2) The achievements of the kelulut honey industry business are a) There is a new business unit for kelulut honey farms, b) It already has business legality such as pirt permits, NIB and halal certification c) Learning media for students d) The proceeds from the sale of kelulut honey can be additional income for Islamic boarding schools 3) The supporting factors are internal (complete vegetation in Islamic boarding school environment, high entrepreneurial interest from Islamic boarding school managers and the existence of a marketing network) and external (support from government institutions and universities). The inhibiting factor is the weather in the rainy season and not increasing the amount of vegetation.

Keywords: Islamic Boarding School Economic Empowerment, Halal Industry Development
Este munca un „lucru” juridic?
Authors: Dobrinescu Iulian
Published: February 2024

Este munca un „lucru” în sens juridic? O opinie recentă a răspuns afirmativ la această întrebare. Aceasta este o eroare, întrucât operează cu material nediferențiat și nu face deosebirile pe care rigoarea conceptuală le impune. Pe deasupra, o atare opinie reprezintă o îndepărtare nejustificată de definiția în general agreată a conceptului de „lucru”. Prezintă interes și conexiunea dintre această concepție și turnura către „imaterial” în gândirea unor juriști care au început să contopească noțiuni precum „bunuri”, „drepturi patrimoniale” și „lucruri incorporale”.
Das mãos de Bernardo Vieira Ravasco e Gonçallo Ravasco Cavalcanty e Albuquerque: documentos raros dos séculos XVII e XVIII
Authors: Santos Emília Carneiro dos , Lacerda Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira , Carneiro Zenaide de Oliveira Novais
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo, apresenta-se o estudo filológico de documentos dos séculos XVII e XVIII(1660-1725), escritos por duas gerações da família Vieira Ravasco: Bernardo Vieira Ravasco e seu filho Gonçallo Ravasco Cavalcanty e Albuquerque, ambos nascidos no Brasil e escolarizados no Colégio dos Jesuítas, tendo ocupado a função de secretário do Estado do Brasil. Tal pesquisa está vinculada ao projeto Corpus Eletrônico de Documentos Históricos do Sertão (CE-DOHS), do Departamento de Letras e Artes (DLA), da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. O referido projeto volta-se, na sua segunda etapa de execução, atual, à constituição de corpus ilustrativo do período colonial brasileiro, sempre pautado nas proposições de Mattos e Silva (2004); os documentos encontram-se fisicamente no Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino (AHU), em Portugal, e foram digitalizados pelo Projeto Resgate Barão do Rio Branco.
A importância de uma história das gramáticas portuguesas no Brasil Colônia
Authors: Cardoso Lara da Silva
Published: February 2024

O objetivo desde estudo é discutir a relevância de compreender a história das gramáticas portuguesas no Brasil Colônia, a fim de ampliar os conhecimentos a respeito da dinâmica (multi)linguística do Brasil Colônia e, consequentemente, da formação do português brasileiro (PB). A partir das pautas de pesquisa propostas por Mattos e Silva (2008) para o estudo da formação da vertente prestigiada do PB, argumenta-se que a história das gramáticas portuguesas no período colonial brasileiro deve ser feito em paralelo à história das gramáticas portuguesas em Portugal, assumindo que os resultados dessa pesquisa tendem a contribuir para a história tanto do português europeu moderno (PE) quanto do PB. Para a construção da argumentação dessa proposta, são apresentados alguns fatores sócio-históricos (a koinezação portuguesa, o contato linguístico e a participação da língua portuguesa nos processos sociolinguísticos ocorridos no Brasil Colônia), linguísticos (a não linearidade das gramáticas portuguesas durante a colonização) e filológicos (a necessidade de levar em consideração a historicidade dos textos escritos). Por fim, são apresentadas algumas especificidades necessárias à constituição de corpora que leve em consideração essa sugestão de pesquisa e duas perguntas que podem ser feitas para direcionar a análise de dados linguísticos, relacionadas a entender qual a base gramatical portuguesa da vertente prestigiada do PB e a como ocorreu a dinâmica linguística do português no período colonial brasileiro.
Theater of Triumph and Transgression: ­Religious Discourse on Hospitality/­Hostility in the Viral Communication during the Pandemic
Authors: Epafras Leonard Chrysostomos , Kaunang Hendrikus Paulus , Tarigan Jekonia , Rafsanjani David Akbar Hasyemi
Published: February 2024

The present article is the outcome of the research project on religious discourse in social media (socmed) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research focuses on the concept of hospitality and hostility, through which a welcoming, along with hostile and unfriendly attitude are displayed by netizens toward other people, to understand the nature of social relationships over digital platforms. The research employs Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Social Media Analysis to explore and visualize viral communication on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. The framework is viral communication as condensed sequences of actions revolving around controversial topics. Several topics under scrutiny, among others, are klepon Islami, Hagia Sophia, and Pope Francis’ controversies. Jacques Derrida mainly informs the discourse of hospitality/hostility. The result demonstrated the sporadic vulnerability of traditional understanding of hospitality. It appeared in the presence of information arbiters as communication actors, taking the middle position and mediating controversial topics. The employment of SNA in dealing with interpersonal virtues in social media is promising, as it demonstrates its mechanism and making in a specific communication context. It allows for a deeper understanding and exploration of the theory of mediatization.
Religion-State Relation Within the Suryalaya Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah Tariqa
Authors: Salahudin Asep , Santoso Try Riduwan , Hj Abd Karim Norhayati Binti , Hilmi Akhmad Robittul
Published: February 2024

The assumption that a tariqa group opposes worldly attainment and power is incorrect; their engagement in practical politics stems from a moral duty to uphold the state’s unity and integrity. This article delves into the political communication established by a Sufi figure, Abah Anom, aiming to reinforce the teachings of the tariqa and its relevance to religion and the state. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review, this research obtained data from various documents such as lecture texts, announcements, and photographs. The findings reveal two strategies employed by Abah Anom to reinforce the relations between religion and the state. First, a focus on spiritual growth, emphasizing practice and religious knowledge as guiding principles. Second, the maintenance of relations with state leaders, fostering legitimacy as responsible citizens. This study concludes that the relations between religion and the state that constitute part of the teachings of the Qodiriyah Naqsabandiyah tariqa (TQN)serve as a means to advocate and position itself within Muslim communities and government, aligning with both religion and state objectives. Furthermore, it suggests that the roles of the kyai extend beyond a broker of culture; the kyai also plays the role of a broker of politics to preserve harmony among religious groups and uphold the state’s unity and integrity.
Apocalyptic Propaganda: How the U.S. Government Manufactured Consent on The War on Terror
Authors: Blom Carin , Lindgren Tomas
Published: February 2024

War and propaganda have been linked together for a long time because of a natural human inhibition against killing other humans. To get citizens to give their consent to go to war and kill, the leader(s) need to influence them. The aim of this study is to analyse the content and functions of the U.S. governments post 9/11 propaganda to find out how this where done. Coyne and Hall argue that propagandists need the publics enlighted consent to be able to influence them. This work will prove that the U.S. government used propagandistic tools, like the fear of our own and our civilizations annihilation through an apocalyptic language, to circumvent our rational thinking and talk unbridled to our emotions and thereby inhibit our higher cognitive functions. As method we use bricolage. Bricolage interpretations adapt different technical discourses to each other and move freely between different techniques and concepts. In this work it had an advancement over other methods because our field of investigation stretched over different fields of research and we were free to use the method that best suited our collected data. We demonstrate that the U.S. government functioned as fearmongers on their home audience to stir up emotions so the citizens would choose the path that best suited the leader(s), but that it was far from being enlighted.
PERBANDINGAN PENGEREMAN PENGUJIAN REM STATIS DAN PENGUJIAN REM JALAN PADA KENDARAAN PICK UP L300
Authors: Nurlina Ika Tyas , Kosjoko Kosjoko , Mufarida Nely Ana
Published: February 2024

Keselamatan adalah unsur utama dalam pelayanan jasa transportasi. Pemerintah berkewajiban memastikan bahwa kendaraan bermotor yang beroperasi di jalan memenuhi syarat teknis dan laik jalan. Terpenuhinya ambang batas minimal efisiensi pengereman, merupakan salah satu persyaratan teknis yang harus dipenuhi agar kendaraan dapat beroperasi di jalan. Pengujian efisiensi pengereman dapat  dilakukan  dengan  dua  cara  yaitu  Static  Brake  Test  dan  Road  Test.  Hasil  pelaksanaan kedua  pengujian tersebut menunjukkan adanya  perbedaan  hasil yang  diperoleh  yaitu untuk Pengujian Rem Statis menghasilkan efisiensi pengereman sebesar 64,8% sedangkan untuk Pengujian Rem Jalan menghasilkan efisiensi pengereman sebesar 53% dan  hal  ini  dapat menimbulkan  hasil  yang  berbeda  terhadap  pemenuhan  syarat  teknis dan laik jalan kendaraan.
Perancangan Algoritma Optimasi Menggunakan Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Untuk Model Wind Turbine Farm
Authors: Habiby Jawwad Sulthon , Triwiyatno Aris , Andromeda Trias
Published: February 2024

Di Indonesia dengan tuntutan energi listrik yang terus meningkat, produksi bahan bakar yang berupa batu bara dan minyak bumi mungkin akan mencapai batasnya dalam beberapa dasawarsa, disertai peningkatan sejumlah kasus cuaca ekstrim dan pemanasan global. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari semacam solusi terhadap pemenuhan listrik dengan pemanfaatan energi alternative terbarukan yang cukup berpotensi di Indonesia. Salah satu energi alternatif terbarukan yang saat ini adalah penggunaan teknologi turbin angin dimana energi angin yang diperoleh bebas dari alam, akan diubah sedemikian rupa hingga menjadi energi listrik. Dalam tesis ini dipelajari tentang efek dari penggunaan turbin angin dengan jarak hub yang berbeda di sebuah wilayah produksi pembangkitan listrik tenaga angin, untuk mencari jarak dan jumlah turbin terbaik yang digunakan. Disajikan sebuah formulasi matematis dalam membangun sistem multi-turbin. Mengingat turbin angin dengan jarak dan jumlah turbin yang bervariasi maka model tersebut diselesaikan menggunakan metode Algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Dengan hasil konfigurasi turbin yang terbaik akan diperoleh biaya yang minimum dan  pembangkitan daya yang maksimum.
DESAIN & ANALISIS VARIASI KETEBALAN PEGAS DAUN PARABOLIC PADA MINI BUS
Authors: Hamdi Fadlil
Published: February 2024

Dijaman yang modern ini moda transportasi Indonesia sudah sangat pesat perkembangannya baik secara system atau pun nonsystem. Tetapi ada yang menjadi bagian penting dalam dunia transportasi salah satunya pegas. Disini penulis ingin mengetahui desain dan permodelan pada pegas daun serta pengaruh variasi pada kekuatan pegas daun terhadap uji tekan yang diperoleh setelah melalui uji finite of element analisys. Dalam studi ini akan dilakukan analisa pembebanan menggunakan FEA pada pegas daun yang hasilnya akan dibandingkan dengan pegas daun original. Pada prosesnya pegas daun akan diberi kekuatan tekan sebesar 2350 N. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai di angka 15 tentu aman terhadap beban 2350 N. Sedangkan Von Misses  ada diangka 38.515 tentu aman karena masih jauh di bawah angka 710.000.000.
ANALISA WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE SERBUK KAYU SENGON LAUT DAN PLASTIK HDPE TERHADAP UJI TARIK DAN UJI STRUKTUR MIKRO
Authors: Putra Wawan , Prianto Agus , Arifin Rizal
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai kekuatan tarik dari pengaruh presentase serbuk kayu sengon laut dengan campuran plastik jenis HDPE (High Density Polyethtylene), dan diamati dengan uji struktur mikro. Bahan utama penelitian adalah plastik jenis HDPE (High Density Polyethtylene) dan serbuk kayu sengon laut, Xylene dan M.A. Komposit dibuat dengan Hot Plate Stirrer dan mesin suntik plastik. Presentase campuran HDPE (High Density Polyethtylene) adalah 60%, 65%, 70%, dan 80%. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji tarik dengan mengacu pada standar ASTM D-638 Tipe II, dan uji struktur mikro. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kekuatan tarik presentase campuran pertama yaitu HDPE (High Density Polyethtylene) 60% dengan nilai rata-rata tegangan sebesar 7,86 N/m2, dengan nilai regangan rata-rata 0,42%, dan nilai Modulus elastisitas sebesar 13,52 N/m2. Kemudian Campuran kedua yaitu HDPE 65% dengan nilai rata-rata tegangan sebesar 8,99 N/m2, dengan nilai regangan rata-rata 0,98%, dan nilai Modulus elastisitas sebesar 10,28 N/m2. Campuran ketiga yaitu HDPE 70% dengan nilai rata-rata tegangan sebesar 11,84 N/m2, dengan nilai regangan rata-rata 1,31%, dan nilai Modulus elastisitas sebesar 11,08 N/m2. Campuran keempat yaitu HDPE 80% dengan nilai rata-rata tegangan sebesar 14,57 N/m2, dengan nilai regangan rata-rata 1,93%, dan nilai Modulus elastisitas sebesar 8,51 N/m2. Uji struktur mikro pada spesimen campuran 4 yaitu HDPE 80% terlihat bahwa plastik HDPE mendominasi sebagian besar spesimen, maka dari itu spesimen campuran keempat ini adalah spesimen yang terbaik dan memiliki kekuatan tarik yang paling besar daripada spesimen sebelumnya.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PERAJANG KERIPIK KAPASITAS 30KG/JAM PISAU HORIZONTAL
Authors: Fadelan Fadelan , Putra Dandi Armana , Malyadi Muh.
Published: February 2024

Pada bagian penggerak menggunakan motor listrik bekas pompa air (sanyo) sehingga bisa digunakan dengat watt yang rendah. Komponen bagian transmisi pada mesin perajang menggunakan gearbox dengan pulley V-belt type A-32 sehingga menghasilkan putaran poros pisau 299,72rpm. Cara kerja pada mesin perajang ini akan bergerak jika motor listrik dihidupkkan yang akan memutar gigi rasio (gearbox) yang diteruskan ke poros piringan pisau melalui pulley yang memutar sabuk V-belt ke pulley poros, dan piringan berputar untuk merajang singkong menjadi keripik. Dalam pengujian yang dihasilkan pada perajangan bulat, waktu 15 detik menghasilkan 229 gr rajangan dan uji kedua 850 gr singkong terajang dengan waktu 2,20 menit daya yang dibutuhkan yaitu 157,79 W. Pengujian selanjutnya perajangan model panjang, dengan waktu 15 detik menghasilkan 205 gr dan uji kedua berat singkong 1kg dengan waktu 1,45 menit daya yang dibutuhkan 201,14 W. Dikarenakan daya yang dibutuhkan lebih besar makan adanya pemasangan transmisi gearbox. Dan hasil bisa melebihi atau kurang dari kapasitas yang dirancang karena dimensi pada singkong yang berbeda-beda. Tetapi pada dasarnya alat yang saya rancang ini mampu mendekati kapasitas yang telah direncanakan pada awal perancangan.
Kontrol Sistem Water Loop Untuk Pendingin Showcase Makanan dan Minuman
Authors: Wilarso Wilarso , Fitriaji Abdul Azis , Saepudin Asep , Dharmanto Asep
Published: February 2024

Dalam artikel ini, sistem pendingin pada bagian pengubah zat refrigerant berbentuk gas ke bentuk cair telah dimodifikasi yang dimana siklus tersebut terjadi pada unit PHE (Plate Heat Exchanger) dengan dilakukanya proses putaran air. Sistem water loop ini merupakan perubahan dari sistem pada umumnya. Dimana siklus air digabungkan dengan sistem pendingin menggunakan kompresor berkecepatan variabel. Untuk unit PHE (Plate Heat Exchanger) memiliki fungsi dimana fluida gas yang bertekanan tinggi akan mengalami proses pertukaran kalor oleh putaran air secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 2 unit showcase yang berbeda tipe secara observasi, dengan mengamati pada saat uji coba tes running di PT.XYZ. Selanjutnya dilakukan perbandingan hasil dari penelitian yang menggunakan sistem water loop dengan sistem pendingin pada umumnya melalui data. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian bahwa penggunaan sistem water loop, unit menjadi lebih terdistribusi, penggunaan pipa tembaga lebih sederhana, menghemat zat refrigeran, dan mengurangi kebisingan. Lalu pada hasil uji tes running didapat hasil suhu mencapai target yaitu -0,1 dengan daya 1,0255 KW pada showcase pertama, dan nilai suhu mencapai -21dengan daya 1,3695 Kw pada showcase kedua, dengan waktu yang berbeda
Pengaruh Knalpot Standar dan Knalpot Modifikasi Terhadap Performa Mesin Sepeda Motor Ninja SS 150 cc
Authors: Pangestu Robi Etdji , Sudarno Sudarno , Winangun Kuntang
Published: February 2024

Sepeda motor selain sebagai alat transportasi, sepeda motor juga digunakan untuk kepentingan kompetisi performance. Untuk menghasilkan sepeda motor dengan performa yang tinggi banyak cara yang dapat ditempuh, salah satunya yang paling penting adalah dengan melakukan modifikasi. Dengan adanya teknologi-teknologi baru tersebut akan semakin mempermudah mekanis melakukan pekerjaannya karena tuntutan dari konsumen atau keinginan dan mekanik sendiri yang terus berkembang. Mengetahui pengaruh knalpot standar dan modifikasi terhadap performa mesin Ninja SS 150 cc, pengujian ini dilakukan menggunakan alat dynotest, sound level meter. pengaruh knalpot standar dan knalpot modifikasi lubang saringan 23 mm, 24 mm, 26 mm, dan 27 mm. Torsi tertinggi 6,64 Nm, daya 8,16 HP di 9000 rpm pada knalpot modifikasi 27 mm, dibandingkan knalpot standar 25 mm torsi 5,44 Nm, daya 6,92 HP di 9000 rpm. Konsumsi bahan bakar paling tinggi pada knalpot modifikasi 27 mm 1,807 kg/jam di 9000 rpm, dibandingkan dengan knalpot standar 25 mm yaitu 1,734 kg/jam di 9000 rpm. Tingkat kebisingan terendah 93,6 Db di 6000 rpm pada knalpot modifikasi 23 mm, dibandingkan pada knalpot standar 25 mm 94,8 Db pada 6000 rpm. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa memodifkasi pipa saringan secara benar dapat meningkatkan torsi da daya tapi konsumsi bahan bakar dan tingkat kebisingan akan naik.
PENGARUH KOMPOSIT SANDWICH DENGAN PENGUAT SKIN CARBON CORE SERAT ALAM TERHADAP UJI BENDING DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO
Authors: Wijaya Risqi Wahyu , Putra Wawan Trisnadi , Malyadi Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Komposit merupakan suatu material yang terbentuk dari kombinasi antara dua atau lebih material pembentuk yang diproduksi dengan proses pencampuran. Keunggulan dari material komposit ini adalah strength to weight ratio yang tinggi, kekuatan, ketangguhan, dan ketahanan terhadap korosi yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan logam. Pada penelitian ini jenis serat yang digunakan untuk lapisan skin adalah serat carbon fiber, Serat nanas dan serat pisang sebagai core, dan resin epoxy sebagai matriks. Dengan metode yang digunakan pada proses pembuatan spesimen menggunakan Hand Lay Up (HLU) merupakan laminasi secara manual. Dilanjutakn dengan pengujian bending dan struktur mikro. Hasil uji bending memperoleh hasil Komposit sandwich serat carbon dengan core campuran serat nanas dan pisang yang diproses post-curing 900C selama 5 jam mendapatkan hasil rata-rata kekuatan bending tertinggi sebesar 113,67 Mpa dan komposit sandwich serat karbon dengan core serat nanas yang diproses post-curing 800C selama 5 jam mendapatkan hasil rata-rata kekuatan bending terendah sebesar 86,44 Mpa. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwasannya meningkatnya penggunaan temperature pada saat proses post-curing dan bertambahnya perpaduan serat yang digunakan maka akan membuat meningkatkan kekuatan bending komposit. Setelah dilakukannya  pengujian struktur mikro dapat dilihat semakin tinggi perlakuan panas yang dilakukan maka ronga yang ada pada setiap spesimen akan semakin sedikit keterikatan resin terhadap serat semakin baik.
Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Unsur Tembaga Pada Pengecoran Ulang Alumunium Limbah Otomotif Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Struktur Bahan
Authors: Winardi Yoyok , Achmad Nanang Suffiandi , Syah Moch. Aziz Zulian , Sudarno Sudarno , Arifin Rizal , Munaji Munaji
Published: February 2024

Alumunium merupakan salah satu bahan yang sering digunakan dalam komponen otomotif, salah satunya adalah velg.Untuk memperbaiki sifatnya dipadukan unsur lainnya yaitu tembaga bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sifat fisik dan mekanik paduan alumunium tembaga. Salah satu cara mengatasi limbah alumunium adalah dengan cara mendaur ulang. Variasi penambahan tembaga yaitu 5% 15%. Teknik pengecoran yang digunakan cetakan pasir, kemudian dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan empat pengujian yaitu kekuatan tarik, kekerasan bahan, struktur mikro, dan komposisi. Dari penelitian yang sudah dilakukan diperoleh hasil pada uji komposisi yaitu terjadi penurunan unsur silikon (Si), mangan (Mg), titanium (Ti), alumunium (Al) dan Timah (Sn) setelah dilakukannya pengecoran ulang,namun terjadi peningkatan unsur b e s i ( Fe), tembaga (Cu), mangan (Mn), seng(Zn), kromium(Cr), nikel(Ni) dan timbal (Pb) itu sendiri mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan sebelum dicorulang karena terjadi penguapan pada saat pengecoran alumunium. Pada struktur mikro terdapat perbedaan kerapatan susunan butir terjadisetelah pengecoran ulang begitu pula pada uji tarik terjadi peningkatan tingkat kekerasan dengan rata-rata hasil sebelum dipadukan tembaga dan dicor ulang 6,49 BHN sedangkanyang sudah dipadukan tembaga dan dicor ulang 6,73 BHN. sedangkan uji tariknya terdapat sedikit perbedaan hasil dari setiap spesimen, dari specimen kekuatan tarik maksimum paduan Al-Cu teringgi diperoleh pada paduan 15% dengan nilai kekuatan tarik 107,77 Mpa . dan kekuatan tarik minimum paduan Al-Cu terendah diperoleh pada paduan Al-Si 105,79%
ANALISIS SEM (SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE) DAN FOTO MIKRO PADA MATERIAL KOMPOSIT SERAT TANGKAI JAGUNG DENGAN MATRIKS PLASTIK POLIPROPILEN
Authors: Hariyanto Agus
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pada material serat serbuk tangkai jagung dengan matrik plastik polipropilen serta penggambaran  struktur mikro dan karakteristik dari komposit biodegradable. Pencemaran lingkungan merupakan suatu permasalahan yang harus ditanggapi secara serius oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat, khususnya pencemaran yang diakibatkan oleh pembebanan sampah plastik. Jumlah sampah plastik yang dihasilkan rata-rata sekitar 10% dari total volume sampah, dimana kurang dari 1% plastik dapat dihancurkan karena sampah plastik berbahan dasar polimer sintetik dan sulit diuraikan oleh bakteri pengurai. Guna mengatasi masalah lingkungan ini, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu mengembangkan bahan biodegradable plastik (bioplastik) yaitu plastik yang mudah diurai oleh mikroorganisme menjadi senyawa sederhana yang ramah lingkungan. Pada metode pengujian yang dilakukan pada komposit ini ialah SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) dan foto mikro, Objek yang difoto penampang melintang serat pada spesimen, Untuk komposit yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan matrik plastik polipropilen dengan serat serbuk tangkai jagung dengan variasi komposisi sebesar 95% plastik polipropilen, 5% serbuk tangkai jagung, komposisi sebesar 90% plastik polipropilen, 10% serbuk tangkai jagung dan komposisi sebesar 85% plastik polipropilen, 15% serbuk tangkai jagung. Hasil pengujian SEM menunjukan variasi 85:15% lebih merekat antara plastik dan polipropilen dapat memberi dampak yang lebih signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik komposit, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan foto hasil Scanning Electron Microscopy dimana permukaan serat terlihat lebih baik.
Pengaruh Variasi Pegas Kopling RMG & TDR Terhadap Daya dan Torsi Pada Kendaraan Megapro 160 cc
Authors: Sudarno Sudarno , Pratama Angga Yoga , Winangun Kuntang
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penggantian pegas kopling standar dengan pegas kopling variasi TDR dan RMG terhadap akselerasi, performa, dan emisi gas buang pada kendaraan bermotor. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan dynotest dengan putaran mesin 4000 rpm sampai 9000 rpm pada posisi transmisi lima. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pegas kopling standar memberikan torsi tertinggi sebesar 12,124 Nm pada 6000 rpm dan daya tertinggi sebesar 11,92 HP pada 7000 rpm. Sedangkan untuk emisi gas buang, hasil terbaik diperoleh pada variasi pegas RMG 2 dan TDR 2 dengan CO maksimum 2,68 % pada 9000 rpm, sedangkan untuk CO2 terbaik pada pegas standar dengan CO2 maksimum 9,38 % pada 5000 rpm dan O2 terbaik pada pegas standar dengan O2 maksimum 1,01 % pada 7000 rpm. Namun, CO2 yang dihasilkan pada putaran tinggi tidak akurat karena kondisi kinerja mesin yang sudah tidak stabil.
Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Jarak Gap (G/D) pada Silinder Sirkular yang Tersusun secara Tandem terhadap Karakteristik Aliran
Authors: Hanafi Muhammad Khamdan , Riani Novi Indah , Lostari Aini , Hartono R. Yudi
Published: February 2024

Aliran melintasi suatu bluff body salah satunya adalah bentuk silinder silkular yang banyak dijumpai dalam aplikasi engineering. Ketika melintasi suatu susunan silinder maka aliran tersebut akan membentuk pola (pattern) tertentu hal ini berdampak terhadap karakteristik aerodinamika dari silinder didalam susunan tersebut. Saat melintasi bodi aliran akan membentuk suatu pola aliran (flow pattern) yang sesuai dengan geometri kontur bodi dan juga menimbulkan gaya – gaya aerodinamika,untuk mengetahui tekanan aliran pada silinder silkular secara tandem. Penambahan pengganggu yang diletakkan di depan silinder sirkular bertujuan untuk mempercepat aliran dari laminar ke turbulen sehingga separasi aliran bisa ditunda lebih lambat sehingga pressure drag yang dihasilkan lebih kecil Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan menggunakan dua buah silinder sirkular disusun secara tandem berdiameter (D) 25 mm dengan variasi G/D 0, 1, 2, 3 dan dua buah bodi pengganggu berbentuk square di depan masing-masing silinder berdimensi 4 mm. Posisi sudut pengganggu konstan sebesar 30o dan jarak gap 0,4 mm. Bilangan Reynolds berdasarkan silinder yang digunakan yaitu 2,3x104. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan distribusi koefisien tekanan (Cp) koefisien drag pressure (Cdp) dan velocity profile dibelakang benda uji. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa yang terbaik pada variasi G/D 2 dengan nilai 0.22137 pada silinder upstream.
Nanodemulsifiers with the properties of crystalline liquids, intramolecular interblock activity and eternal intramolecular nanomotors
Authors: Abas Dashdiyev Rahim , Kamil Dashdiyeva Turana
Published: February 2024

The provided material presents a priority article on the scientific discovery titled “The phenomenon of simultaneous destruction of water-oil and oil-water emulsions”. The authors propose the corresponding formula: the previously unknown phenomenon of simultaneous destruction of water-oil and oil-water emulsions occurs when polynanostructured surfactant demulsifiers with characteristics akin to crystalline liquids, intramolecular interblock activity, and enduring intramolecular nanomotors (such as block copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxides, which act as sources of oligomer homologues of oxyethylene ethers) are added to crude oil during primary oil processing. This phenomenon is attributed to the redistribution of oligomer homologues, with the most hydrophobic oxyethylene ethers being dispersed in water-oil emulsions and the most hydrophilic ones in oil-water emulsions, resulting in robust nanodispersed phases with crystalline liquid properties.
Study on the relationship between structure and properties of electro-hydraulic positioning actuators
Authors: Li Qiang , Uzunov Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

In this work, a novel perspective is proposed to develop schematics solutions for electro-hydraulic positioning actuators. The basis of the design approach has been established, which includes: a set of possible desired properties of actuators; a series of defined typical positioning methods; variants of schematic structures; a quantitative assessment method for specific properties based on influencing factors; the quantitative relationship between the structure and properties of actuators, as well as the method for overall evaluation of the actuator's performance based on the total score. The results obtained can serve as the basis for an effective design approach, which allows for reducing the number of iteration cycles while developing new electro-hydraulic positioning actuator schematic solutions.
Verbal mobbning och normerande praktiker i flickors relationsprat
Authors: Evaldsson Ann-Carita
Published: February 2024

In this study data are drawn from ethnographic research combined with audio-recordings of everyday peer interactions in a multiethnic elementary school in Sweden. The analysis is based on longitudinal work among five preadolescent girls with low income and mixed ethnicities. Special attention is given to the social process (conflict talk, accounts, insults, threats, forms of membership categorization-work) of social exclusion in a girl group. The analysis combines ethnography with examination of talk-in-interaction (CA) and ethnomethodological concerns for membership categorizations (MCA). As will be demonstrated the targeted girl was affiliated with multiple negative categorizations such as “bad friend”, “bad girl”, ”friendless”, “insane” and “bullied”, and eventually socially excluded from the girl-group. In constructing such categorizations the girls’ engaged in relational talk in which they deployed diverse forms of judgmental work (complaints, accusations, justifications, insults, recycling, accounts, negative person descriptions). As a result, the girls arranged social relations of power, indexed social identities, policed gender-deviant behaviours and justified social exclusion. Overall the analysis provides a critical perspective on peer victimization that accounts for the complexities, dynamics and contradictions inherent in girl-bullying and feminine morality.