bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute stroke admissions at a Referral Stroke Center in Indonesia: A descriptive study
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Pinzon Rizaldy ,   Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Wijaya Vincent Ongko ,   Faculty of Medicine, Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia,   Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Background. Multiple countries affected by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have noticed a drop in the number of patients attending the emergency department with acute stroke. This study aimed to assess the numbers of acute stroke admission during the COVID-19 pandemic in a major hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods. This is a retrospective study design of stroke admissions, data on the numbers of hospital admissions and mortality from the same period (March to December) in 2019 and 2020 were collected. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results. We collected data from a total of 1928 patients admitted with acute stroke. From March to December, the mean rate of admission was 114.9 cases per month in 2019 (Pre-COVID era), which dropped to 77.9 cases per month in 2020 (COVID era), with an overall reduction of 32.2%. There was a decrease in the numbers of ischemic (-36%) and hemorrhagic (-18%) stroke admissions during the state of the COVID-19 era compared with 2019. Furthermore, we also observed a reduction in the mortality rate of ischemic (-43%) and hemorrhagic (-1%) stroke patients. Conclusions. The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the care for stroke patients, resulting fell in acute stroke admissions and mortality rate.
Frequency of pattern of clinical and laboratory features in patients presenting with neuroleptic malignant syndrome at Department of Neurology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi
Authors:   Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan, Amrat Suneeta , Bullo Naeemullah ,   Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan, Kumar Dileep ,   Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari. SGLGH, Karachi, Pakistan, Abbas Saira ,   Chandka Medical College, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan, Ali Aijaz ,   Dow International Medical College (DIMC), Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan, Asghar Muhammad Sohaib ,   Chandka Medical College, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan
Published: May 2022

Objectives. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening adverse reaction of antipsychotic drugs, especially of dopamine receptor antagonists (DRA’s). Excitation, exuberant behavior, violent behavior and lack of insight predispose the patients to the use of depot preparations and high doses of the antipsychotics. These behaviors also make the patients suffer from dehydration leading to cognitive impairment, confusion and incontinence. In addition to clinical and pharmacological risk factors, legal and ethical risk factors may be contributory towards the incidence, diagnosis and prognosis of NMS in Pakistan. Material and methods. This study was conducted as a descriptive, observational study to determine the frequency of deranged pattern of clinical and laboratory feature patients presenting with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome at Department of Neurology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi. Data was prospectively collected from patients after taking a verbal consent. 55 patients who met the diagnostic criteria were included. Quantitative data was presented as simple descriptive statistics giving mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables was presented as frequency and percentages. Effect modifiers were controlled through stratification to see the effect of these on the outcome variable. Post stratification chi square test was applied taking p-value of ≤0.05 as significant. Outcomes. A total of 55 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Mean age, duration of NMS symptoms, length of hospital stay, SBP and DBP in our study was 39.41±12.67 years, 10.56±7.29 hours, 9.74±3.21 days, 135.87±10.97 mmHg and 83.21±6.42 mmHg. 24 (43.6%) and 31 (56.4%) were male and female. Out of 55 patients, 81.8%, 38.2%, 69.1%, 56.4%, 47.3%, 74.5% and 25.5% had fever, autonomic dysfunction, EPS symptoms, altered GCS, elevated CPK, elevated WBC and abnormal LFT. Conclusions. NMS is an important preventable clinical entity. Early diagnosis and judicious use of antipsychotics is warranted to prevent mortality and heightened morbidity.
Clinical neurological characteristics of geriatic patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors:   Neurology Resident Faculty of Medicine Udayana University/ Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, Yolanda Adriana Marsha , Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu Putri ,   Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine Udayana University/ Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, Meidiary Anak Agung Ayu ,   Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine Udayana University/ Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Published: May 2022

Background and objectives. Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 associates multi clinical symptoms such as neurological manifestations with mild to advanced progression. This study aimed to determine the clinical neurological characteristics of geriatric patients with COVID-19. Methods. The study was an observational and descriptive study on 27 geriatric patients with COVID-19. All patients’ age was over 60 years old who treated in the In-patient Department of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar on July 2020 to January 2021. The data had taken from medical records. Outcomes. The mean age of all patients was 70.41 (± 8.902) years which dominated by the male (51.9%). The majority of manifestations in this study were fever in 13 people (48.1%), unconsciousness in 10 people (37%), and hemiparesis in 10 people (37%), and cough in 9 people (33.3%). Conclusion. The clinical neurology characteristics of geriatric patients with COVID-19 vary, which may involve general and neurological manifestations. Promptly accurate diagnosis is necessary for further management.
Colgajo libre antebraquial radial para reconstrucción microvascular en cáncer de cavidad oral localmente avanzado. Reporte de caso
Authors: Díaz Selles César , Bordonaba Leiva Sergio , Garcia Linares Jordi
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El cáncer de cavidad oral es la malignidad más frecuente dentro de los tumores de cabeza y cuello. El tratamiento estándar curativo corresponde a la cirugía radical cuyo resultado puede impactar de manera significativa la función y morfología del subsitio resecado. La transferencia de colgajos libres mediante técnicas quirúrgicas microvasculares permite expandir la capacidad de resección oncológica de manera segura con adecuada tasa de éxito limitando las secuelas.
Caso clínico: Varón de 48 años con cáncer de lengua oral localmente avanzado tratado quirúrgicamente con hemiglosectomía izquierda extendida, disección ganglionar cervical bilateral y reconstrucción microvascularizada con un colgajo libre antebraquial radial.
Discusión: Entre un 30% a 35% de las neoplasias de cavidad oral se presentan como enfermedad localmente avanzada. La reconstrucción intraoral suele ser un reto. La planificación quirúrgica del defecto anatómico y funcional son importantes para elegir la opción de reconstrucción y valorar el riesgo de complicaciones posoperatorias.
Conclusión: La utilización de colgajos microvasculares libres en la reconstrucción oncológica es fundamental para restaurar el volumen y función de los tejidos afectados por la resección radical. El colgajo libre antebraquial radial es una herramienta versátil debido a sus características físicas y baja tasa de complicaciones en el sitio donante.
Rekviem egy álomért
Authors: Korinek László
Published: May 2022

Aim: A look back at the successful history of scientific research in the field of home affairs prior to the establishment of law enforcement science, namely the theoretical and applied research carried out at the Law Enforcement Research Institute, established in 1991 at the Ministry of the Interior.Methodology: Review of the research carried out at the Institute during the existence of the Law Enforcement Research Institute, as well as the presentation to what extent the results of these research contributed to the later acceptance and accreditation of law enforcement science.Findings: The activities of the Law Enforcement Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior, and later of the Police College’s Institute for Leadership Training and Research between 1991 and 1998, are worth remembering as an important legacy of the research institute’s past. It can be stated that without the research carried out at the Law Enforcement Research Institute at that time, the academic recognition of law enforcement science could not have taken place, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Doctoral School of Law Enforcement.Value: We consider it a value that scientific research and leadership training took place in the above-mentioned research institute for several years, as a result of which the latest domestic and international results of law enforcement theory were always present in the training, and researchers could learn about the state of practice in leadership courses, they could check the reception of their work in the law enforcement services and also learn from the criticisms. Several aspirations that were first articulated during the regime change have become a reality. For example, the elevation of higher law enforcement education to university level, the establishment of master’s degrees, the strengthening of the acceptance of law enforcement science, the increasing exploration of sources of law enforcement history, and the appearance of all these results in the operation of the Hungarian Law Enforcement Society.
Gondolatok a gyermekek ellen elkövetett szexuális abúzussal (CSA) kapcsolatban
Authors: Fliegauf Gergely , Sófi Gyula
Published: May 2022

Aim: In this short overview article, we are exploring the topic of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) from different angles. We seek the criminological and psychodynamic features underlying CSA. Our aim was to analyse comprehensive research findings published after 2000.Methodology: During the analysis of these international findings, the child sexual abuse (CSA) is approached from different points of view: 1) problems arising from different definitions and conceptualizations of CSA, 2) CSA induced early changes in neurobiology of the brain, 3) traceable and CSA triggered conduct disorders in adolescence, 4) psychological background of sadism and torture, 5) issue of transgenerational CSA, 6) re-occurrence of CSA in childhood, and 7) disclosure of CSA.Findings: The conclusion from international research are wide-ranging. The problem requires a complex and more careful approach. Many professionals are working with people who have been victims of CSA in the past or with children who have recently experienced CSA. Law enforcement and health care play a prominent role in this respect. Early detection of CSA is also of paramount importance in the effective protection of mental health in society.Value: In this article, we have shown that it is reasonable to use a standardised system to confirm that a CSA has taken place. We have pointed out that the combination of CSA and certain forms of deviant behaviour is a strong risk factor for custodial measures. We highlighted that the psychological background of addiction and sadism may be similar. We noted that CSA can be associated with a failure to develop a sensitive educational attitude. Finally, we indicated that international research suggests that the disclosure of CSA is the result of a process and does not happen instantly. By publishing national case studies, the above-mentioned issues could be effectively explored for the Hungarian reader in the future.
Absztrakt rendőrség
Authors: Budavári Árpád
Published: May 2022

Aim: Managing global security risks and the development of information technology in the 21st century have led to significant changes in the relationship between the police and the society. Examining these changes is essential to determine the future role of law enforcement. With this in mind, the author undertakes to present a study by Jan Terpstra, Nicholas R. Fyfe, and Renze Salet, entitled “The Abstract Police: A Conceptual Exploration of Unintended Changes in Police Organizations,” published in the online edition of the Sage Journal in December 2019.Methodology: The review is based on the primary source analysis of this study and the elaboration of the international literature on the subject. As a side effect of the reform of the Scottish and Dutch police, which were reorganized in 2013, the internal relations of the police and the connections to the civil communities of the society are also becoming more formalized and abstract.Findings: The social and technological changes, that have helped the police to become abstract, are inevitable and therefore they can be hardly influenced. That is why the question is not what we can do against that, but how we can adapt to the changed situation.Value: Based on the phenomenon revealed in the study, it is necessary to examine in the future how the abstract police present in the Hungarian law enforcement and what responses can be made in order to maintain a close relationship between the police and the society.
A körzeti megbízotti szolgálat története 3. A rendszerváltozástól
Authors: Tihanyi Miklós , Papp Dávid
Published: May 2022

Target: The last element of the series of articles dealing with the history of the local officer service examines the period since the regime change. The aim of this article is to investigate how the democratization processes in the period since the change of regime have affected this form of service.Methodology: We examine the period under discussion primarily in relation to the population and local governments and the tasks of the criminal service as indications. We established our results by comparing the contemporary literature and normative provisions. We also relied on our own observations.Findings: From our results, it can be concluded that by 1978 the form of service had reached its existing form at the time of writing this article. However, contact with the population and local politicians has been increasingly relegated to the background since the time of the regime change. The same can be said for criminal service tasks and, in general, for the complexity of local police service.Value: Based on our findings, it seems necessary to reform the form of service otherwise, its existence will become questionable.
Az Európai Unió humanitárius segítségnyújtási és polgári védelmi szakpolitikájának bemutatása
Authors: Teknős László , Ambrusz József
Published: May 2022

Aim: The article aims to present the humanitarian aid and civil protection policy of the European Union; examines the COVID–19 situation and evaluates the effectiveness of the measures taken in response to the pandemic caused by the virus.Methodology: It analyses future development needs and opportunities in terms of prevention, preparedness and response. In order to accomplish this, in addition to analysing the infographic figures and data on the original website of the European Union, the authors studied the daily reports of the European Directorate-General for Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid, as well as reports of the European Commission.Findings: The data show that the European Union is providing global assistance through its civil protection mechanism, even in the epidemiological situation of COVID–19 – all during a time when the coronavirus has affected all EU Member States simultaneously, regardless of time and place.Value: The shortcomings of its collective co-operation in the first year of the crisis confirmed the need to increase the effectiveness of efforts to address the threats, to strengthen and develop the willingness, capabilities and capacities of the Member States to provide assistance.
MODIFICATION OF NATURAL OIL SORBENT FOR IMPROVEMENT OF HYDROPHOBICITY
Authors: Vaišis Vaidotas , Anužytė Eglė , Paliulis Dainius , Bradulienė Jolita
Published: May 2022

A sorbent made of natural materials (moss) was selected for the sorption of diesel from the surface of the water. The sorbent was modified to increase its hydrophobic–oleophilic characteristics. Typical natural organic sorbent from moss was selected and modified in three different ways: processed with hot water (80 °C and 100 °C), mercerized and coated with oil–water (10% and 50%). Water, diesel sorption capacity, and oil retention tests were performed. Tests showed that simple treatment with hot water and alkali can change surface properties and improve sorption capacity. Modification with hot water at 80 °C enhanced sorbents’ oil sorption capacity and showed the best results but meanwhile, this method readily increased hydrophilicity. This method of sorbent treatment could not be applied in cases where sorbents are used to clean oil spills from water surfaces. Meanwhile, better sorption results would be obtained in cases where cleaning operations take place on soil and other solid surfaces.
HD 83443c: A Highly Eccentric Giant Planet on a 22 yr Orbit
Authors: Errico Adriana , Wittenmyer Robert A. , Horner Jonathan , Li Zhexing , Brandt G. Mirek , Kane Stephen R. , Fetherolf Tara , Holt Timothy R. , Carter Brad , Clark Jake T. , Butler R. P. , Tinney C. G. , Ballard Sarah , Bowler Brendan P. , Kielkopf John , Liu Huigen , Plavchan Peter P. , Shporer Avi , Zhang Hui , Wright Duncan J. , Addison Brett C. , Mengel Matthew W. , Okumura Jack
Published: May 2022

We report the discovery of a highly eccentric long-period Jovian planet orbiting the hot-Jupiter host HD 83443. By combining radial velocity data from four instruments (AAT/UCLES, Keck/HIRES, HARPS, Minerva-Australis) spanning more than two decades, we find evidence for a planet with m sin

i
=

1.35

−
0.06

+
0.07

M
J, moving on an orbit with a = 8.0 ± 0.8 au and eccentricity e = 0.76 ± 0.05. We combine our radial velocity analysis with Gaia eDR3 /Hipparcos proper motion anomalies and derive a dynamical mass of

1.5

−
0.2

+
0.5

M

Jup

. We perform a detailed dynamical simulation that reveals locations of stability within the system that may harbor additional planets, including stable regions within the habitable zone of the host star. HD 83443 is a rare example of a system hosting a hot Jupiter and an exterior planetary companion. The high eccentricity of HD 83443c suggests that a scattering event may have sent the hot Jupiter to its close orbit while leaving the outer planet on a wide and eccentric path.
Leveraging Space-based Data from the Nearest Solar-type Star to Better Understand Stellar Activity Signatures in Radial Velocity Data
Authors: Ervin Tamar , Halverson Samuel , Burrows Abigail , Murphy Neil , Roy Arpita , Haywood Raphaelle D. , Rescigno Federica , Bender Chad F. , Lin Andrea S. J. , Burt Jennifer , Mahadevan Suvrath
Published: May 2022

Stellar variability is a key obstacle in reaching the sensitivity required to recover Earth-like exoplanetary signals using the radial velocity (RV) detection method. To explore activity signatures in Sun-like stars, we present SolAster, a publicly distributed analysis pipeline
10

10

https://tamarervin.github.io/SolAster/

that allows for comparison of space-based measurements with ground-based disk-integrated RVs. Using high-spatial-resolution Dopplergrams, magnetograms, and continuum filtergrams from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), we estimate “Sun-as-a-star” disk-integrated RVs due to rotationally modulated flux imbalances and convective blueshift suppression, as well as other observables such as unsigned magnetic flux. Comparing these measurements with ground-based RVs from the NEID instrument, which observes the Sun daily using an automated solar telescope, we find a strong relationship between magnetic activity indicators and RV variation, supporting efforts to examine unsigned magnetic flux as a proxy for stellar activity in slowly rotating stars. Detrending against measured unsigned magnetic flux allows us to improve the NEID RV measurements by ∼20% (∼50 cm s−1 in a quadrature sum), yielding an rms scatter of ∼60 cm s−1 over five months. We also explore correlations between individual and averaged spectral line shapes in the NEID spectra and SDO-derived magnetic activity indicators, motivating future studies of these observables. Finally, applying SolAster to archival planetary transits of Venus and Mercury, we demonstrate the ability to recover small amplitude (<50 cm s−1) RV variations in the SDO data by directly measuring the Rossiter–McLaughlin signals.
Sparse Identification of Variable Star Dynamics
Authors: Pasquato Mario , Abbas Mohamad , Trani Alessandro A. , Nori Matteo , Kwiecinski James A. , Trevisan Piero , Braga Vittorio F. , Bono Giuseppe , Macciò Andrea V.
Published: May 2022

Variable stars play a crucial role as standard candles and provide valuable insights into stellar physics. They can be modeled either through fully fledged hydrodynamical simulations or analytically as systems of coupled differential equations describing the evolution of relevant physical quantities. Typically, such equations are arrived at by simplified physical assumptions concerning the conservation laws governing stellar interiors. Here we apply a data-driven technique—sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy)—to automatically learn governing equations from observed light curves. We apply SINDy to 3100 light curves of three different variable types from the Catalina Sky Survey. The success rate depends systematically on variable type, with possible implications for variable star classification; however, it does not obviously depend on amplitude or period. Successful models can be reduced to the generalized Lienard equation

x

̈

+
(
a
+
bx
+
c

x

̇

)

x

̇

+
x
=
0

. Members of the Lienard class of ordinary differential equations, such as the well-studied van der Pol oscillator, already saw some application to variable star modeling. For a, b = 0 the equation can be solved exactly, and it admits both periodic and nonperiodic solutions. We find a condition on the coefficients of the general equation for the presence of a limit cycle, which is also observed numerically in several instances.
UV Counterpart of an X-Ray Ultrafast Outflow in IRAS 17020+4544
Authors: Mehdipour Missagh , Kriss Gerard A. , Krongold Yair , Longinotti Anna Lia , Costantini Elisa , Gupta Anjali , Mathur Smita , Nicastro Fabrizio , Panessa Francesca , Som Debopam
Published: May 2022

We report on the discovery of a UV absorption counterpart of a low-ionization X-ray ultrafast outflow (UFO) in the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 17020+4544. This UV signature of the UFO is seen as a narrow and blueshifted Lyα absorption feature in the far-UV spectrum, taken with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The Lyα feature is found to be outflowing with a velocity of −23,430 km s−1 (0.078 c). We carry out high-resolution UV spectroscopy and photoionization modeling to study the UFO that is seen in the HTS/COS spectrum. The results of our modeling show that the UV UFO corresponds to a low-ionization, low-velocity component of the X-ray UFO found previously with XMM-Newton’s Reflection Grating Spectrometer. The other higher-velocity and higher-ionization components of the X-ray UFOs are not significantly detected in the HST/COS spectrum, consistent with predictions of our photoionization calculations. The multiple ionization and velocity components of the UFOs in IRAS 17020+4544 suggest a scenario where a powerful primary UFO entrains and shocks the ambient medium, resulting in formation of weaker secondary UFO components, such as the one found in the UV band.
Global Mapping of Surface Composition on an Exo-Earth Using Sparse Modeling
Authors: Kuwata Atsuki , Kawahara Hajime , Aizawa Masataka , Kotani Takayuki , Tamura Motohide
Published: May 2022

The time series of light reflected from exoplanets by future direct imaging can provide spatial information with respect to the planetary surface. We apply sparse modeling to the retrieval method that disentangles the spatial and spectral information from multiband reflected light curves termed as spin–orbit unmixing. We use the ℓ
1-norm and the total squared variation norm as regularization terms for the surface distribution. Applying our technique to a toy model of cloudless Earth, we show that our method can infer sparse and continuous surface distributions and also unmixed spectra without prior knowledge of the planet surface. We also apply the technique to the real Earth data as observed by DSCOVR/EPIC. We determined the representative components that can be interpreted as cloud and ocean. Additionally, we found two components that resembled the distribution of land. One of the components captures the Sahara Desert, and the other roughly corresponds to vegetation, although their spectra are still contaminated by clouds. Sparse modeling significantly improves the geographic retrieval, in particular, of clouds and leads to higher resolutions for other components when compared with spin–orbit unmixing using Tikhonov regularization.
Simultaneous Evidence of Edge Collapse and Hub-filament Configurations: A Rare Case Study of a Giant Molecular Filament, G45.3+0.1
Authors: Bhadari N. K. , Dewangan L. K. , Ojha D. K. , Pirogov L. E. , Maity A. K.
Published: May 2022

We study multiwavelength and multiscale data to investigate the kinematics of molecular gas associated with the star-forming complexes G045.49+00.04 (G45E) and G045.14+00.14 (G45W) in the Aquila constellation. An analysis of the FUGIN 13CO(1–0) line data unveils the presence of a giant molecular filament (GMF G45.3+0.1; length ∼75 pc, mass ∼1.1 × 106
M
⊙) having a coherent velocity structure at [53, 63] km s−1. The GMF G45.3+0.1 hosts G45E and G45W complexes at its opposite ends. We find large-scale velocity oscillations along GMF G45.3+0.1, which also reveals the linear velocity gradients of −0.064 and +0.032 km s−1 pc−1 at its edges. The photometric analysis of point-like sources shows the clustering of young stellar object (YSO) candidate sources at the filament’s edges where the presence of dense gas and H ii regions are also spatially observed. The Herschel continuum maps along with the CHIMPS 13CO(3–2) line data unravel the presence of parsec scale hub-filament systems (HFSs) in both sites, G45E and G45W. Our study suggests that the global collapse of GMF G45.3+0.1 is end dominated, with the addition to the signature of global nonisotropic collapse at the edges. Overall, GMF G45.3+0.1 is the first observational sample of filament where the edge-collapse and the hub-filament configurations are simultaneously investigated. These observations open the new possibility of massive star formation, including the formation of HFSs.
Characterizing the γ-Ray Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei with the Stochastic Process Method
Authors: Zhang 张 Haiyun 海云 , Yan 闫 Dahai 大海 , Zhang 张 Li 力
Published: May 2022

Gamma-ray astronomy in the time domain has been by now progressed further as the variabilities of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on different timescales have been reported a lot. We study the γ-ray variabilities of 23 jetted AGNs by applying a stochastic process method to the ∼12.7 yr long-term light curve (LC) obtained by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT). In this method, the stochastically driven damped simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) and the damped random-walk (DRW) models are used to model the long-term LCs. Our results show that the long-term variabilities of 23 AGNs can be characterized well by both SHO and DRW models. However, the SHO model is restricted in the overdamped mode, and the parameters are poorly constrained. The SHO power spectral densities (PSDs) are the same as those of the typical DRW PSD. In the plot of the rest-frame timescale that corresponds to the broken frequency in the PSD versus black hole mass, the intrinsic, characteristic γ-ray timescales of 23 AGNs occupy almost the same space with the optical variability timescales obtained from the accretion disk emission. This suggests a connection between the jet and the accretion disk. As with the optical variability of the AGN accretion disk, the γ-ray timescale is also consistent with the thermal timescale caused by the thermal instability in the standard accretion disk of AGNs.
A Spectroscopic View of the JWST/GTO Strong Lensing Cluster A1489
Authors: Rines Kenneth J. , Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Diaferio Antonaldo
Published: May 2022

We discuss a spectroscopic survey of the strong lensing cluster A1489 that includes redshifts for 195 cluster members along with central velocity dispersions for 188 cluster members. The caustic technique applied to the redshift survey gives the dynamical parameters M
200 = (1.25 ± 0.09) × 1015
M
⊙, R
200 = 1.97 ± 0.05 Mpc, and a cluster line-of-sight velocity dispersion of 1150 ± 72 km s−1 within R
200. These parameters are very similar to those of other strong lensing systems with comparably large Einstein radii. We use the spectroscopy and deep photometry to demonstrate that A1489 is probably dynamically active; its four brightest cluster galaxies have remarkably different rest-frame radial velocities. Like other massive strong lensing clusters, the velocity dispersion function for members of A1489 shows an excess for dispersions ≳250 km s−1. The central dispersions also provide enhanced constraints on future lensing models.
A Study of Dimmings, CMEs, and Flares during the STEREO-SOHO Quadrature
Authors: Krista Larisza D. , Manning Drew , West Matthew J.
Published: May 2022

During the quadrature period (2010 December–2011 August) the STEREO-A and B satellites were approximately at right angles to the SOHO satellite. This alignment was particularly advantageous for determining the coronal mass ejection (CME) properties, since the closer a CME propagates to the plane of sky, the smaller the measurement inaccuracies are. Our primary goal was to study dimmings and their relationship to CMEs and flares during this time. We identified 53 coronal dimmings using STEREO/EUVI 195 Å observations, and linked 42 of the dimmings to CMEs (observed with SOHO/LASCO/C2) and 23 to flares. Each dimming in the catalog was processed with the Coronal Dimming Tracker which detects transient dark regions in extreme ultraviolet images directly, without the use of difference images. This approach allowed us to observe footpoint dimmings: the regions of mass depletion at the footpoints of erupting magnetic flux rope structures. Our results show that the CME mass has a linear, moderate correlation with dimming total EUV intensity change, and a monotonic, moderate correlation with dimming area. These results suggest that the more the dimming intensity drops and the larger the erupting region is, the more plasma is evacuated. We also found a strong correlation between the flare duration and the total change in EUV intensity. The correlation between dimming properties showed that larger dimmings tend to be brighter; they go through more intensity loss and generally live longer—supporting the hypothesis that larger transient open regions release more plasma and take longer to close down and refill with plasma.
Upper Limits on the Escape of Volatiles from (486958) Arrokoth Using New Horizons Alice Ultraviolet Spectrograph Observations
Authors: Randall Gladstone G. , Lisse Carey M. , Young Leslie A. , Wm. Parker Joel , Singer Kelsi N. , Spencer John R. , Weaver Harold A. , Alan Stern S.
Published: May 2022

During the New Horizons flyby of Kuiper Belt object (486958) Arrokoth on 2019 January 1, a search was made for escaping volatiles. Using the Alice spectrograph, appulse observations of both the Sun and the star HD42954 were performed to look for signatures of far-ultraviolet absorption by various species. No escaping volatiles were detected, and in this article we present upper limits to the escape rates for several species using a Haser model for the maximum line-of-sight column densities that would be undetected at 3σ. These results are useful for models for the formation and evolution of Kuiper Belt objects.
Resurfacing: An Approach to Planetary Protection for Geologically Active Ocean Worlds
Authors: DiNicola Michael , Howell Samuel M. , McCoy Kelli , Burgoyne Hayden , Hasnain Zaki , Reinholtz Kirk , Fleischer Sam
Published: May 2022

The putative and potential ocean worlds of our solar system span the asteroid belt to the Kuiper Belt, containing within their icy shells past or present global saltwater oceans. Among these worlds, those bearing signs of present-day geologic activity are key targets in the search for past or extant life in the solar system. As the icy surfaces of these bodies are modified by geologic processes, landforms are erased and replaced through what is called “resurfacing.” To avoid contaminating sites for robotic spacecraft exploration, planetary protection requirements obligate missions to these ocean worlds to demonstrate a less than 10−4 probability of introducing a viable terrestrial microorganism into a liquid water body. To constrain the probability of subsurface contamination, we investigate the interaction with geologic resurfacing on an active ocean world. Through the example of Europa, we show how the surface age can be used to constrain the resurfacing rate, a critical parameter to estimate the probability that nonsterile spacecraft material present on the surface is geologically incorporated into the subsurface, and extend this example to mission scenarios at Ganymede and Enceladus. This approach was critical to demonstrating compliance with planetary protection requirements for the Europa Clipper mission, reducing its probability of contamination by two to five orders of magnitude. We also show how a Europa lander mission might be brought close to complying with planetary protection requirements, that a Ganymede impactor could easily comply, and that the situation of Enceladus, while more complex, can greatly benefit from this approach.
Metastatic malignant melanoma of the breast: report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Mastoraki Aikaterini , Gkiala Anastasia , Theodoroleas George , Mouchtouri Ero , Strimpakos Alexios , Papagiannopoulou Despoina , Schizas Dimitrios
Published: May 2022

Melanoma is the most rapidly increasing cancer in the world. Associated morbidity and mortality are mainly related to metastatic potential. Metastases to the breast from malignant melanoma are rare and represent only 1.3%–2.7% of reported cases. The aim of this study was to present a rare case of metastatic malignant melanoma to the breast. A 51-year-old woman was admitted for management of a palpable mass of the left breast. The past medical history referred to a sizable nodular melanoma that was removed from her back. Classification of the breast lesion was BI-RADS 5. Core needle biopsy was compatible with the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Immunohistochemical evaluation was positive for Mart1 and Ki67. Subsequent staging was indicative of multiple secondary foci in the liver and bones. The patient was administered a combination of PD L1 inhibitor nivolumab with the anti-CTLA4 inhibitor ipilimumab followed by additional targeted therapy with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. Metastasis to the breast from malignant melanoma is extremely rare. Nevertheless, breast metastases must be suspected in patients with a history of malignant melanoma. Moreover, recent breakthroughs in the Braf and MEK inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibition therapies have impressively improved prognosis in patients affected by melanoma.
Aesthetic multimodality of speech and gesture: Towards its functional framework
Authors: Kiose Maria , Leonteva Anna , Agafonova Olga
Published: May 2022

The study develops a functional multimodal approach to speech and gesture behavior to explore aestheticism in more and less staged discourse of cinema and interview. We hypothesize that cinema and interview employ the same communicative functions; however, these functions constitute different frameworks which contribute to the higher aesthetic potential of cinema. This approach allows to study the aesthetic via communicative functions frameworks in multimodal discourse.

To establish the function frameworks in cinema and interview, we apply a contrastive functional analysis of speech and gesture in the highly ranked actors’ argumentative and descriptive monologues. With the help of variance and regression analysis, we explore the distribution of pragmatic and discourse-structuring functions (with sub-functions) in speech as contingent on pragmatic, deictic, representational and adaptive functions of gestures. The study confirms that cinematic discourse exploits fewer deictic, representational and adaptive gesture functions, whereas pragmatic gesture functions (especially emphatic ones) appear more frequently and are contingent on several pragmatic and discourse-structuring functions of argumentative and descriptive speech. Interview function frameworks display lower predictability, which shows higher spontaneity of gestures; however, there are specific gestures typical of interview (self-adaptors) which may serve as indicators of pragmatic functions of argumentation. The study also manifests individual variations within the function frameworks. Overall, cinema and interview display variance in replication and regularity of speech and gesture functions, which presumably helps create higher and lower aesthetic effects.
Pratiques linguistiques et langues officielles en pays numide
Authors: Bennour Khaoula
Published: May 2022

En pays numide, les pratiques linguistiques diffèrent d’une région à une autre en l’occurrence dans les zones urbaines et rurales. La diffusion de la langue écrite et gravée semble être spécifique aux différents groupes ethniques et culturels. En effet, le nombre des inscriptions libyques recensé au sein des royaumes numides compte à ce jour aux environs de 1 200 exemplaires, un nombre bien inférieur à celui des inscriptions puniques et néopuniques qui se comptent en milliers (Galand, 1997 : 50). La diffusion de la langue punique au sein des populations libyco-numides et hors des domaines phénico-carthaginois est très important, mais cette diffusion varie d’une région à une autre. Nous avons l’exemple de la cité numide de Mactar, malgré le maintien de l’écriture libyque bien tardivement, elle a livré le taux le plus élevé de stèles épigraphiques puniques (Mcharek, 1982). On se demande si la population libyco-numide utilise la langue punique essentiellement au niveau épigraphique et si la langue libyque, langue natale, est maintenue comme une langue orale. Ou bien si la majorité de cette population était lettré et s’adresse à l’épigraphe qui utilise la langue internationale de leur époque pour mémoriser leurs dédicaces. Comprendre pourquoi les libyco-numides utilisent la langue punique dans la plupart d’inscriptions que ce soit d’ordre religieux ou officiel nécessite de prendre en considération tous les aspects socio-culturels et politiques de l’époque. On doit également mesurer cette disparate de nombre d’inscriptions puniques par rapport aux inscriptions libyques dans un contexte plus large. D’après les inscriptions funéraires et votives, on remarque que c’est le dédicant qui choisit la langue de sa dédicace parfois il choisit de s’exprimer seulement à travers l’iconographie. Nous avons ainsi un grand lot important de stèles anépigraphes dans les sanctuaires numido-puniques, où l’adorateur fait schématisé l’acte sacrificiel sans pour autant que la scène ne soit accompagnée de formule votive ou funéraire.
Quelques réflexions sur les appartenances linguistiques d’Apulée et Saint Augustin
Authors: Lakhlif Mustapha
Published: May 2022

À travers les deux auteurs africains Apulée et Augustin, on s’est posé dans cet article une question essentielle : Y a-t-il une quelconque équivalence entre la langue et l’identité ? Au-delà du bilinguisme gréco-latin d’Apulée, pourquoi l’auteur de l’Apologie ne souffle pas un mot sur sa langue maternelle ? Et pourquoi l’évêque d’Hippone ignorait l’idiome libyque ? Il ressort des deux cas (Apulée et Augustin) qu’ils n’avaient aucune gêne de parler le latin et le grec. Mais si Apulée éprouvait un certain dédain à l’égard du punique et ne laisse apparaître aucune trace du libyque, Augustin ne maîtrisait pas le punique et ignorait complètement le libyque. La langue libyque ne servait pas de marqueur identitaire, car dans un système impérial, il faut dépasser l’horizon étroit du nationalisme. Juger Apulée ou Augustin à l’aune des idées actuelles sur l’Amazighité est un anachronisme qui risque de fausser le jugement de l’historien.
Que penser des récentes prises de position dans les études amazighes chez des anthropologues états-uniens ?
Authors: Peyron Michael
Published: May 2022

Ces cinquante dernières années plusieurs chercheurs états-uniens se sont penchés avec plus ou moins de bonheur sur les études amazighes. La production qui en résulte, fortement teintée de révisionnisme et d’idéologie woke , ce qui est somme toute normal dans l’actuelle ère postcoloniale, est rarement remise en cause de ce côté de l’Atlantique. Dans cet article, l’auteur démontre à quel point les écrits de cinq chercheurs de cette nouvelle vague nord-américaine appellent à une relecture soignée. Ceci dans la mesure où lesdits chercheurs donnent facilement dans la contre-vérité, qu’il s’agisse de faits avérés ou de la nature de l’approche de certains de leurs prédécesseurs, qu’ils taxent trop facilement de raciste ou d’inexacte. Ainsi prétend-t-on que le droit coutumier berbère aurait été inventé par les autorités du protectorat ; que le célèbre chercheur Arsène Roux aurait abusé honteusement de ses élèves afin de collecter son corpus de textes amazighes ; que les Berbères eux-mêmes n’auraient jamais existé aux temps anciens, mais ne seraient qu’une invention coloniale ; que les recherches de David Hart serait imprégnée de racisme ; enfin, que la bataille d’El Herri aurait été « un massacre des Berbères par les Français », alors que ce fut tout le contraire !
The Green New Deal in the United States: A Realistic Blueprint for Climate Action?
Authors: Olsson Daniel , Janssens Lauren
Published: May 2022

Les trois dernières années ont été des années de crise ; qu’il s’agisse de la pandémie de COVID-19, mais aussi les dizaines d’inondations, de feux de forêt et d’autres catastrophes naturelles dans le monde entier. La nécessité d’une approche globale du changement climatique a été exprimée par les pays du monde entier, comme ce fut le cas lors de la récente COP 26 à Glasgow. Cependant, 25 COP ont déjà eu lieu, et les opposants à un plan global de lutte contre le réchauffement de la planète restent nombreux. Aux États-Unis, plusieurs plans ont été désignés sous le nom de « The Green New Deal », que ce soit par leurs créateurs, la presse ou leurs opposants. Le « Green New Deal » constitue la base du projet de loi sur les infrastructures du président Biden, présenté au Congrès le 28 avril 2021. La faisabilité du Green New Deal est politique, et non économique, comme le clament ses opposants. Le projet de loi de Biden accorde délibérément la priorité à la création d’emplois et aux projets d’infrastructure pour tenter de surmonter l’animosité politique ressentie à l’égard du Green New Deal, que ce soit par le parti républicain ou par ses alliés médiatiques. Le Pacte vert pour l’Europe est présenté tel un « moment de l’homme sur la lune pour l’Europe » par la Commission européenne. En quoi l’UE et les États-Unis se distinguent-ils lorsqu’il s’agit de lutter contre le changement climatique au travers d’une approche globale ?
Utopies et réalités d’un centre universitaire expérimental : Vincennes (1969-1980)
Authors: Ohayon Annick
Published: May 2022

Cet article expose le contexte de création du centre universitaire expérimental de Vincennes dans la foulée des événements de mai 1968, son histoire et son développement jusqu’aux années 1980. L’auteure insiste sur les spécificités de cette institution « gauchiste » : la jeunesse des enseignants, les projets multiples et contradictoires qu’ils portaient, la nouveauté des disciplines des sciences humaines enseignées, l’hétérogénéité des étudiants et un mode de gestion tendant vers l’autogestion. À partir de l’exemple du département des sciences de l’éducation, elle retrace les passions, les conflits, voire les drames, qui scandèrent ce moment. La fin brutale de l’expérience au début des années 1980, conduisant à une normalisation managériale, montre la violence d’État, mais aussi les difficultés et les limites de l’autogestion et de l’utopie pédagogique.
Le complotisme, symptôme social
Authors: Cueille Julien
Published: May 2022

Les expertises dominantes du phénomène complotiste mettent en avant principalement ses enjeux politiques et insistent sur le déficit cognitif. L’approche alternative de la sociologie clinique, en l’analysant comme « phénomène social total », élargit la focale à la pragmatique des énonciations, mais aussi à l’articulation du psychique et de la « culture » au sens large. Les théories du complot apparaissent ainsi comme un symptôme, mais un symptôme social, qui dévoile la relation en miroir de la contestation du « système » et du pouvoir des experts, sur fond de malaise narcissique dans la société de l’information. Notre culture a les complotistes qu’elle mérite.
« Je ne tromperai jamais leur confiance » : analyse de l’influence des laboratoires sur la relation médecin-patient en France
Authors: Farvaque Étienne , Garçon Hancito , Samson Anne-Laure
Published: May 2022

Cet article évalue l’influence des avantages et rémunérations versés par les laboratoires pharmaceutiques aux médecins sur les pratiques de délivrance de ces derniers. A partir de données exhaustives couvrant la période 2014-2018, nous estimons l’influence des dépenses de promotion des laboratoires sur les prescriptions effectuées par les médecins correspondant à des ventes en officine. Nous observons une influence forte des laboratoires : 1 euro supplémentaire investi dans la promotion des ventes auprès de l’ensemble des médecins libéraux d’une région pourrait rapporter un peu plus de 5,15 euros de ventes. L’effet est plus marqué pour les généralistes (1 euro supplémentaire rapportant 6,41 euros). En outre, les laboratoires qui accordent les paiements les plus élevés (supérieurs au troisième quartile des paiements dans une région), augmentent significativement les montants de leurs ventes : + 8 % des ventes grâce à la promotion auprès des médecins salariés, + 22 % grâce à celle auprès des spécialistes libéraux, par rapport à des laboratoires qui effectueraient une promotion de faible ampleur. Le rendement de la promotion apparaît donc croissant. La discussion conduit à interpréter cette relation comme révélatrice de pratiques commerciales plus « abusives » que « positives », i.e., non nécessairement tournées vers la délivrance de médicaments permettant des gains en santé.
Le fonds de sortie des emprunts toxiques : une alternative au contentieux ?
Authors: Fajeau Maxime , Ligonnière Samuel , Mayol Alexandre
Published: May 2022

Face à la crise des emprunts toxiques des communes, l’État français a créé un fonds de soutien accessible sous condition d’abandon des poursuites judiciaires contre ces emprunts. Cet article étudie économétriquement la stratégie suivie par l’État, au travers des facteurs explicatifs de l’octroi d’une aide du fonds. Le ratio de surcoût du crédit ressort comme le principal facteur de l’octroi d’une aide, devant la situation financière des communes. Cet indicateur a servi de fondement aux instances judiciaires pour donner gain de cause aux communes. Le fait qu’il prédise l’octroi d’une aide du fonds rend compte d’une stratégie de l’État pour limiter l’opportunité du contentieux. Cette contribution discute ainsi les choix stratégiques de sortie de crise.