bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and comparison of conjunctival swab polymerase chain reaction results in SARS-CoV-2 patients with and without ocular manifestations
Authors: Kaur Prempal , Sehgal Gaurang , Shailpreet  , Singh KD , Singh Bhavkaran
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in tears of patients with and without ocular symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.

Methods:

The prospective observational study conducted on 60 consecutive SARS-CoV-2 positive patients with ocular complaints was compared with 60 controls who had no ocular manifestations. The tear samples were taken within 48 h of admission from both the eyes of the enrolled patients for evaluating the presence SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

Eleven cases (18.33%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in tears on RT-PCR from cojunctival swab compared to 10 (16.66%) controls. The difference was not statistical significant. The difference between mean age of patients who tested positive or negative was also without statistical significance (P = 0.652), but the difference between patients who tested positive or negative by conjunctival swab for SARS-CoV-2 was statistically significant in terms of severity of COVID-19 disease (P = 0.0011), presence of comorbidity (P = 0.0015), mean TLC (P = 0.00498), and mean d dimer (P = 0.00465).

Conclusion:

Though the percentage of patients with positive RT PCR from conjunctival secretions is significantly less than nasopharyngeal swabs, potential risk of transmission of SARS-Co-2 through tears cannot be ruled out. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 can be present in tears irrespective of ocular involvement.
Intricate scientometric analysis and citation trend of COVID-19-related publications in Indian Journal of Ophthalmology during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kaur Kirandeep , Gurnani Bharat
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

To analyze the trend of COVID-19-related publications in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO) and assess the specialty wise correlation, distribution, and citation trend during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of all COVID-19-related articles was performed from April 2020 to May 2021. The bibliographic records were obtained from the website of IJO, Editor IJO email, and PubMed. The data was then exported as XML into Microsoft access for scientometric analysis. The articles were segregated as Original, Review, Case Report/Series, Letter to the Editor/Commentary, Guest Editorial, PointCounterpoint, Consensus Criteria, Ophthalmic Images, Photo Essay, Surgical Techniques, and All India Ophthalmic Society Meeting Papers. The data was comprehensively analyzed for specialty-wise correlations, distribution, citation trend, and reasons for the same.

Results:

A total of 231 COVID-19-related articles were published during the study period. The maximum articles were [82 (35.49%)] letters to the editor, followed by [51 (22.08%)] original articles, [30 (12.99%)] commentaries, and [20 (8.66%)] editorials. The least were perspectives, consensus, images, and photo assay with [1 (0.43%)] each. The maximum publications were in July [44 (19.05%)] and least in April [1 (0.43%)]. Considering specialty, the maximum articles were related to general ophthalmology [124 (53.68%)] and least were in refractive surgery and community ophthalmology with [1 (0.43%)] each. The maximum citations were for original articles [352 (34.65%)], which was 2.3 times higher than review articles and letters to editor [150 (14.76%)]. General ophthalmology had 740 (72.83%) citations, which were nearly five times that of cornea [140 (13.78%)].

Conclusion:

The IJO showed a trough and crest pattern of COVID-19 publications month wise. Letter to editor and general ophthalmology COVID-19 articles had maximum publications with maximum citations for general ophthalmology owing to practice patterns and COVID-19 challenges.
Effect of 2 mg Versus 4 mg of Intravenous Zoledronic Acid on Bone Mineral Density at the Lumbar Spine in Indian Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis
Authors: Durgia Harsh , Kamalanathan Sadishkumar , Ramkumar Govindarajalou , Sarkar Sonali , Reddy Sagili Vihaya Bhaskar , Sahoo Jayaprakash , Palui Rajan , Raj Henith
Published: August 2021

Objective:

The primary purpose was to compare the effect of 2 mg and 4 mg of intravenous zoledronic acid (ZA) on change in the lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) at the end of 1 year in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The secondary objectives were changes in BMD at the total hip and femoral neck, change in bone turnover markers (BTMs), and the incidence of new fractures.

Methods:

This was a double-blind, parallel-arm, randomized control trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1 done in 70 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Findings:

The mean (±standard deviation) percentage increase in LS BMD at the end of 1 year was 4.86% ± 3.05% and 5.35% ± 3.73% in the 2 mg and 4 mg group, respectively. The dose of 2 mg ZA proved to be inferior to 4 mg with a noninferiority margin of 0.5%. There was no difference in BMD change at hip and BTMs between the two groups at the end of 1 year. Only one patient in 4 mg group developed two new vertebral fractures during a 12-month follow-up. Acute-phase reactions were the most common (43%) side-effects noted without any difference between the two groups (P = 0.63).

Conclusion:

This study failed to show the noninferiority of 2 mg ZA compared to 4 mg ZA for change in LS BMD at the end of 1 year.
The Pattern of Medication Usage in the Southern Region of Iran
Authors: Zare Marziyeh , Afifi Saba , Alizadeh Bahmani Amir Hossein , Karimzadeh Iman , Salehi-Marzijarani Mohammad , Zarei Leila , Honarvar Behnam , Ghahremani Sulmaz , Lankarani Kamran B. , Sabzghabaee Ali Mohammad , Peymani Payam
Published: August 2021

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to document the demographic data, to assess the proportion of consumed medicines and the amounts and types of drugs available to households, and to to estimate the probable prevalence of certain diseases in the southern region of Iran.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional population-based study carried out in Shiraz (the central city in the Southern part of Iran), we documented and evaluated the drug usage details in a random sample of 1000 households during 2018–2020. We analyzed the usage of drug categories based on the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification, which the World Health Organization recommends.

Findings:

In the studied population, the average age (± standard deviation) was 45.54 ± 15.82, ranged 18–91 years. More than 90% had medical insurance coverage. About 81.8% of the participants had individual family medicine practitioners, and most of them (93.8%) received medications with a physician's prescription. The most frequently used medications were cough and cold preparations (12.9%), nervous system drugs (12.6%), and cardiovascular system drugs (11.6%).

Conclusion:

Despite the easy access to medications for most participants, few individuals (about 6%) received their medications without a prescription. The most frequently prescribed medicines were the common cold, acetaminophen, and metformin. Common cold, gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, and diabetes were the most commonly used medication classes. Furthermore, we have found a probably higher than average prevalence of cardiovascular, GI, and endocrine disorders. This information could be used by the local policymakers as a basis for the estimation and allotment of health-care resources.
A new complemented subspace for the Lorentz sequence spaces, with an application to its lattice of closed ideals
Authors: Wallis Ben
Published: August 2021

We show that every Lorentz sequence space
$d(\textbf {w},p)$
admits a 1-complemented subspace Y distinct from
$\ell _p$
and containing no isomorph of
$d(\textbf {w},p)$
. In the general case, this is only the second nontrivial complemented subspace in
$d(\textbf {w},p)$
yet known. We also give an explicit representation of Y in the special case
$\textbf {w}=(n^{-\theta })_{n=1}^\infty $
(
$0<\theta <1$
) as the
$\ell _p$
-sum of finite-dimensional copies of
$d(\textbf {w},p)$
. As an application, we find a sixth distinct element in the lattice of closed ideals of
$\mathcal {L}(d(\textbf {w},p))$
, of which only five were previously known in the general case.
Алгебраическая квантовая теория с максимальной массой
Authors: Kravtsova Galina Al'bertovna
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается алгебраическая теория с максимальной массой (модифицированная теория Дирака с $\gamma_5$-расширением массы). Рассмотрены свойства спиноров, приведены необходимые доказательства. Произведено квантование.
Hyper, Multi, or Single? Thinking about Text in Graphs and Trees
Authors: Bleeker Elli , Haentjens Dekker Ronald , Buitendijk Bram
Published: July 2021

This paper explores the potential of combining the Text-As-Graph (TAG) and the XML data models. It proposes a digital editing workflow in which users can model, edit, and store text in TAG, and subsequently export the data to XML for further analysis or publication with XML-based tools. The conversion from TAGML to XML presents several interesting challenges on a technical level as well as a philological level. Overall, we argue that there may be many pragmatic reasons to encode cultural heritage texts in XML, but we have to be mindful of the XML framework becoming synonymous with the framework in which we conceptualize text. The paper therefore dives deep into the translation from conceptual model to logical model(s) and argues in favor of understanding the affordances and limitations of the text modeling technologies we use.
Introducing Citation Structures
Authors: Cayless Hugh , Clérice Thibault , Robie Jonathan
Published: July 2021

Text Encoding Initiative documents are notoriously heterogeneous in structure, since the Guidelines are intended to permit the encoding on any type of text, from tax receipts written on papyrus to Shakespeare plays or novels. Citation Structures are a new feature in the TEI Guidelines that provide a way for documents to declare their own internal structure along with a way to resolve citations conforming to that structure. This feature will allow systems ike the Distributed Text Services (DTS) API, which process heterogeneous TEI documents to handle tasks like automated table of contents generation, the extraction of structural metadata, and the resolution of citations without prior knowledge of document structure.
Printing recipes
Authors: Flynn Peter
Published: July 2021

In an earlier paper [Flynn 2020] I described the implementation of an XML/XSLT system (now named ℞, pronounced ‘recipe’: see http://xml.silmaril.ie/recipes/recipe/) for checking and reproducing cookery recipes where the ingredients were stored as disaggregated data in attributes rather than as plain-text phrases in unmarked element CDATA content. Since then, work has proceeded on three key aspects: a) the refinement of the categories for recipe ingredients; b) the implementation of the formatting algorithm in XSLT; and c) the implementation in CSS. This paper describes the third of these, recreating in CSS (for XML) the grammar of expressing the disaggregated data which the XSLT (for HTML) algorithms use to create the lists of ingredients and references to them. The categorization task is out of scope for markup conferences, and is best discussed over a good dinner.

In recipes written in English, the syntax of the List of Ingredients is a commonly-accepted format expressing quantity, units, item, and various modifiers. In the earlier paper I showed how XSLT can be used to manipulate the ingredient data to achieve the required format. I indicated that the original (pre-℞) site used XML as the print format with CSS, and that this raised challenges when the disaggregated data was in attributes. This problem has now largely been overcome, and I also give details of how to XSLT has been used to overcome some of the things CSS cannot do for the same tasks.

Note: The names used for the attributes discussed here are still experimental and subject to change. In particular the item categorization is a work-in-progress, and should not be taken as a statement of intent.
Fast Bulk String Matching
Authors: Holstege Mary
Published: July 2021

XQuery developers deserve to have access to libraries of implementations of useful algorithms, just as developers in other languages do. This paper describes an implementation of the Aho-Corasick algorithm and some applications of it, as part of an effort to build up one such a library.

The code described in this paper is available at https://mathling.com/code/ with CC BY 4.0 licensing.
Element order is always important in XML, except when it isn't
Authors: La Fontaine Robin
Published: July 2021

"Which came first," begins an old joke. But the more interesting question might be, "does it even matter?" There are many obvious and several not-so-obvious ways in which the order of items (be they XML elements or attributes, or JSON maps or arrays) can be understood to be significant or insignificant. These are not new questions and how they’re answered plays out across vocabulary design, schema design, and individual documents. They are important questions when it comes deciding if two documents are “the same” or “different” and to what extent.

This paper challenges the one-size-fits-all decree in XML that order needs to be preserved and reviews the implications of 'order'. When ordered elements can be moved then we have something that has some common ground with orderless. This paper establishes a continuum between ordered information and orderless information and proposes that these are not as far apart as they might at first appear.
The Model Made Me Do It! A Cautionary Tale From a Security Control Baseline Tool Developer
Authors: Lubell Joshua
Published: July 2021

Even the best written specifications can be complicated documents to read and understand. Normative prose is often supported by tables and diagrams intended to clarify the specification. What happens when a tool developer interprets those clarifying features as a different model than the prose intends? What does this say about relying on derived data models in tools that support the specification? A cautionary tale involving security control baselines from National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 800-53 provides some answers — and insights.
Structural Invariants in XForms
Authors: Pemberton Steven
Published: July 2021

XForms is a declarative XML-based programming language for writing applications for the web and elsewhere. One of its central aspects is invariants that describe relationships between values, such that if a value changes or is changed, its related values specified in invariants get updated automatically. This is much like how spreadsheets work, though more general. A major advantage of this approach is that much administrative detail is taken out of the hands of the programmer, and done automatically: the programmer specifies the relationships, and the computer does the work.

However, XForms in its current incarnation only allows invariants to be placed between simple content values, even though there are important relationships that could be specified over data structures as a whole. This paper explores the possibilities for extending the mechanism to more general cases.
Ariadne's thread
Authors: Sperberg-McQueen C. M.
Published: July 2021

Ariadne is a query language intended to be powerful enough to allow domain experts to find interesting passages in their documents, but simple enough for them to learn even if XPath and other expression languages are too complex. Its assumptions about document structure (elements have parents and are at least partially ordered) are compatible with XML and the XPath Data Model but are also compatible with many non-XML models of text; Ariadne could thus serve as a query language for documents with overlapping structures.
Clinical Usefulness of Nested Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
Authors: Kim Choon-Mee , Kim Dong-Min , Yun Na-Ra
Published: August 2021

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease. Few studies have assessed the clinical usefulness of nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for diagnosing SFTS. We performed conventional RT-PCR targeting the M segment, nested RT-PCR targeting M and S segments, and real-time RT-PCR targeting the S segment of SFTSV for four patients with suspected SFTS. Although conventional RT-PCR results for the first two patients were negative at admission, nested RT-PCR using the S or M targets was positive for the same samples. Likewise, in the other two patients, initial samples were confirmed positive in all three tests, but follow-up testing demonstrated negative conventional RT-PCR and positive nested RT-PCR results. Thus, delayed testing using conventional RT-PCR or real-time RT-PCR in symptomatic patients with SFTS may result in missed diagnoses, and compared with these methods, nested RT-PCR may increase the window for obtaining positive SFTSV PCR results. Meanwhile, the indirect immunofluorescence assay showed seroconversion to SFTSV antibodies in all four patients. Nested RT-PCR for SFTSV M and S segments could help diagnose SFTS in patients testing negative by conventional RT-PCR.
Clinical Features of Acute Chikungunya Virus Infection in Children and Adults during an Outbreak in the Maldives
Authors: Imad Hisham Ahmed , Phadungsombat Juthamas , Nakayama Emi E. , Suzuki Keita , Ibrahim Ahmed Mifthah , Afaa Aminath , Azeema Aminath , Nazfa Aminath , Yazfa Aminath , Ahmed Anoosha , Saeed Athifa , Waheed Azna , Shareef Fathimath , Islam Mohamed Moinul , Anees Shausha Mohamed , Saleem Sana , Aroosha Aminath , Afzal Ibrahim , Leaungwutiwong Pornsawan , Piyaphanee Watcharapong , Phumratanaprapin Weerapong , Shioda Tatsuo
Published: August 2021

The chikungunya virus is an arthritogenic arbovirus that has re-emerged in many tropical and subtropical regions, causing explosive outbreaks. This re-emergence is due to a genomic polymorphism that has increased the vector susceptibility of the virus. The majority of those infected with chikungunya virus exhibit symptoms of fever, rash, and debilitating polyarthralgia or arthritis. Symptoms can persist for weeks, and patients can relapse months later. Fatalities are rare, but individuals of extreme age can develop severe infection. Here, we describe the 2019 outbreak, the second-largest since the virus re-emerged in the Maldives after the 2004 Indian Ocean epidemic, in which a total of 1,470 cases were reported to the Health Ministry. Sixty-seven patients presenting at the main referral tertiary care hospital in the Maldives capital with acute undifferentiated illness were recruited following a negative dengue serology. A novel point-of-care antigen kit was used to screen suspected cases, 50 of which were subsequently confirmed using real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. We describe the genotype and polymorphism of Maldives chikungunya virus using phylogenetic analysis. All isolates were consistent with the East Central South African genotype of the Indian Ocean lineage, with a specific E1-K211E mutation. In addition, we explored the clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute chikungunya in children and adults, of which severe infection was found in some children, whereas arthritis primarily occurred in adults. Arthritides in adults occurred irrespective of underlying comorbidities and were associated with the degree of viremia.
W stronę dobrego życia. Dokument osobisty w przestrzeni moralnej (o Dzienniku Jana Józefa Szczepańskiego)
Authors: Spiechowicz Anna
Published: August 2021

W artykule zostają podjęte rozważania nad dokumentem osobistym w perspektywie etycznej. Przedmiotem analiz jest Dziennik Jana Józefa Szczepańskiego. Interpretacje są prowadzone głównie za pomocą rozpoznań Charlesa Taylora nad etyką i podmiotowością oraz przy użyciu badań Davida Parkera dotyczących etycznych interpretacji literatury autobiograficznej. Kluczowe dla wywodu są pojęcia między innymi „dobra konstytutywnego”, „silnych wartościowań”, „przestrzeni moralnej”, „jakościowych rozróżnień”, „ram pojęciowych”. W swoich rozważaniach staram się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy i jak dziennik, zwłaszcza Dziennik Szczepańskiego, może być aktem budowania tożsamości oraz konstytuowania podmiotowości oraz w jaki sposób artykułuje dobra konstytutywne i przybliża do moralnych źródeł. Próbuję również ukazać konieczność perspektywy etycznej w odniesieniu do badań nad literaturą (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem literatury autobiograficznej) w „epoce świeckiej”.

Towards a Good Life: Personal Documents in the Moral Space (on Dziennik by Jan Józef Szczepański)

The article discusses personal documents through the lens of ethics. The argument focuses on Dziennik [Journal] by Jan Józef Szczepański, which is analyzed primarily with the use of Charles Taylor’s deliberations on ethics and subjectivity and David Parker’s study of ethical interpretations of autobiographical literature. The discussion presented in the article is based on several key concepts, including “constitutive good,” “strong evaluations,” “moral space,” “qualitative differentiations,” “conceptual framework.” The author seeks to answer the question of whether – and if so, how – a journal, in particular Szczepański’s Dziennik, may constitute an act of building identity and establishing subjectivity and how it articulates constitutive good and reveals the roots of morality. The article is also an attempt to demonstrate the necessity to adopt an ethical perspective in literary research (with particular emphasis on autobiographical literature) in the “secular age.”
Archeologia pamięci i podróż w czasie: edytor jako nawigator. Wezwanie do dyskusji
Authors: Garbal Łukasz
Published: August 2021

Artykuł podejmuje kwestie problemów edycji dzieł autobiograficznych. Odwołując się do konkretnych przykładów (zwłaszcza redagowania dzienników Jana Józefa Lipskiego i Jana Józefa Szczepańskiego), Łukasz Garbal zwraca uwagę na znaczną rolę noty edytorskiej i komentarza edytorskiego. Autor zauważa, że nie ma w tej materii przejrzystych zasad i powszechnie aprobowanych praktyk. Artykuł stanowi wezwanie do metodologicznej dyskusji – nie ograniczonej do środowisk edytorów i przekraczającej granice specjalizacji w celu wypracowania powszechnie uznawanego kodeksu praktycznych rozwiązań edytorskich.

Archaeology of Memory and Time Travel: Editor as Navigator. Call for Debate

The present article discusses issues connected with the process of editing autobiographical works. On the basis of selected examples (especially the editing of journals by Jan Józef Lipski and Jan Józef Szczepański), the author emphasizes how significant a role is played by editor’s notes and comments. It is pointed out that there are no clear criteria or commonly accepted practices in this field. The article constitutes a call for a methodological discussion. The invitation is not directed exclusively at editors. The debate is intended to span various specializations and help develop a code of commonly accepted practical editing solutions.
Significados de la proporcionalidad promovidos por profesores mexicanos en segundo grado de la escuela secundaria
Authors: Luque Álvarez Karla Paola , Ibarra Olmos Silvia Elena
Published: August 2021

En este documento se presentan los resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue describir el grado de representatividad de los significados de referencia, pretendido e implementado, sobre el tema de proporcionalidad, con respecto a un conjunto de significados parciales que funcionan como referencia global. La investigación se llevó a cabo tomando en consideración la propuesta curricular de matemáticas para segundo grado de la secundaria mexicana (13 años), y está fundamentada teóricamente en algunos elementos del Enfoque Ontosemiótico del Conocimiento y la Instrucción Matemáticos. Metodológicamente se usó el estudio de casos. Los resultados de la investigación indican que los significados implementados por los profesores observados son poco representativos con respecto al significado de referencia, teniendo el riesgo de que existan repercusiones para sus alumnos en otros temas ligados con la proporcionalidad.
Description and Level of Difficulty in Learning Hematology for Medical Laboratory Technology (MLT) Students during One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Andriani Tri Susilowati  , Erma Lestari
Published: August 2021

This research aims (1) to determine the description of learning difficulties and the percentage of supporting and inhibiting factors for learning hematology in the COVID-19 pandemic era, (2) to determine the success rate of learning hematology in the COVID-19 pandemic era. This research is a qualitative descriptive type, with research subjects from D4 Analyst students at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang who study hematology. This data collection was carried out from February to March 2021. Data were collected from a questionnaire via Google Form. Based on the results of the study, the following findings were obtained: 1) description and percentage of supporting and inhibiting factors for hematology learning difficulties as follows: (1) health factors (53.33%), (2) cognitive factors (60%), (3) interest factors (50%). The average internal factor of hematology learning difficulties is 54,44% in the medium category. While the percentage of external factors of learning difficulties in hematology are as follows: (1) family factors (46.67%), (2) living place conditions (46.67%), (3) facilities (48.89%), (4) learning materials (54%). The average external factor of hematology learning difficulties is 49.06% in the medium category, 2) the success rate of learning hematology in the COVID-19 pandemic era with an average of 61.73 (medium). The study results can contribute in the form of information on the description of the factors of learning difficulties in the Hematology course in the COVID-19 pandemic era as a basis for finding solutions.
The Analysis of Students Critical Thinking using the Junior High School Student Online Module
Authors: Mulyono  , Wahono Widodo  , Suyono
Published: August 2021

This study aims to describe the results of the feasibility of the learning tools applied in class VII SMP based on the validator's assessment, test results and student responses. In research with a quantitative approach and the learning device development model used is Research and Development (R and D). The data collection method used critical thinking skills tests in the form of pretest and posttest, observation sheets, and student response questionnaires to the development of online modules. In line with the objectives of the research, the results showed that the validation results were valid and reliable so that the learning devices were declared suitable for use. The results of the observation of students' critical thinking skills showed very good, and the results of the N-gain showed that the medium category was 15 students, the high category was 5 students, and the student response questionnaire to the online module was 92.50% with a very good category. SPPS test shows that online module gives influence for critical thinking students. All of teachers can use the online module for many learning model to increase critical thinking students.
The Use of Biology Textbook based on Collaborative Learning Model to Improve Scientific Literacy Skill
Authors: Virlya Citra Dewi  , Endang Susantini  , Sri Poedjiastoeti
Published: August 2021

Scientific literacy skills are important skills taught to prepare students for the 21-st century learning era. Textbook based on collaborative learning model can be an alternative to improving students' scientific literacy skills. The purpose of the study was to describe scientific literacy skills and student responses through the use of biology textbook based on collaborative learning model. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative research with one group pretest-posttest research design. The instruments used are scientific literacy skills tests and response questionnaire sheets. The N-gain score, a paired sample t-test, and the results of the students' responses were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the value of the science literacy skills test increased with an N gain of 0.67, sig 0.05, and 95% of students responded positively. These results indicate that textbook based on collaborative learning model is effectively used to train students' scientific literacy skills and can be tested widely.
Female Leadership in the Local Governments: Reconstruction of Traditional Gender Identity of Women in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Tanjeela Mumita
Published: July 2021

The local government bodies of Bangladesh have always been dominated and controlled by men––the traditional power holders. Bangladeshi rural women are mostly confined to household chores and engaged in subsistence agricultural activities due to the patriarchal social system and a rigid gender division of labour. Moreover, women’s lives are controlled by cultural and religious gender norms which limit their mobility in public spaces and political participation. Hence, women’s participation in local government has always been a symbol of tokenism up until the introduction of a direct election system for women. Given this context, this study explores how Bangladeshi rural women have proved themselves to be the change-makers in the rural society and what influencing factors supported them in reconstructing their traditional gender identities despite social and structural constraints. The study was conducted through a qualitative inquiry by adopting a case study approach. Data and information for the study were collected through 12 in-depth (IDI) interviews of elected female Union Parishads (lowest local administrative unit) (UP) chairpersons, UP members and Upazila (subdistrict local administration council) female vice chairpersons along with four focus group discussions and five key informant interviews from four selected districts of Bangladesh. This study concluded that these female leaders are enormously motivated and committed to reshaping their traditional gender identity and altering unequal gender power relations that predominantly factor in the rural social fabric of Bangladesh.
An Ecofeminist Reading of Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’urbervilles and its Movie Adaptation by Roman Polanski: A Comparative Study
Authors: Benyoucef Djouher
Published: July 2021

Ecofeminist examination of audio-visual and textual narratives is the central concern of this article. At the core of my study is a comparative analysis of Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891) and its movie adaptation by Roman Polanski (1979), with an aim to explore convergent and divergent ecofeminist imperatives. I argue that the novel highlights the intersection between the oppression of women and exploitation of nature. By contrast, the movie adopts an ambiguous stance that undermines the potential of an ethical ecofeminist critique. This is clearly reflected through scenes that represent the encounter between Alec and Tess as a pastoral romance taking place against the backdrop of nature, that ultimately serve to cast their association as the result of natural instinct rather than a crime. This reworking of the novel seems to suggest that the movie’s thrust as a whole is towards exonerating Alec, which undermines the novels’ ecofeminist overtones.
Cuvântul rostit de actor. De la cuvântul scris la cuvântul celuilalt
Authors: Mihăilă Cătălina-Elena
Published: August 2021

Exceeding the level of everyday speech, the word spoken by the actor on stage aims to become a superior form of expression. Thus, we will follow a double approach of the word starting from the original word found in the dramatic text. On the one hand, we will look for that word which, taken from the written plan, is uttered following an act of creation, and the other hand, by inner assumption, we will follow the word that exceeds the level of auditory pleasure and is uttered under the imprint of a internal content.
Factors of Ethnic Conflict in the Ethiopian Federation
Authors: Bekele Bayu Takele
Published: July 2021

Since 1991 Ethiopia has made a change in thinking favoring federalism against the centralized hierarchical power to radically respond to the problem of diversity and better recognize and accommodate the country's ethnolinguistic and cultural diversity. Paradoxically, Ethiopia had experienced more ethnic-based conflict in its post-1991 existence than ever before. Among others, the Somali-Oromo conflict is the worst ethnic-based conflict in the country’s history. Though the two communities, have a long tradition of co-existence and strong socio-cultural integrations due to their shared Muslim-Cushitic identity, economic interdependence, and shared cultural practices; antagonistic relationships, and intermittent conflicts due to resource competition, territorial expansion, bad governance, and other factors have prevailed in the last three decades. It is the objective of this paper, therefore, to investigate and analyze factors of ethnic conflict along the shared border of the Somali and Oromia regional administrations, specifically Bable and Bobas districts, within the context of Ethiopian federalism. Methodologically, the study employed a comparative research approach and made use of key informant interview and survey questionnaires' techniques in gathering the relevant data, and in effect, both qualitative and quantitative data interpretation and analysis methods were utilized in the analysis section. The findings of this study demonstrate that the Somali-Oromo conflict is complex & dynamics and the result of the interplay of historical, institutional/structural/political, economic, socio-cultural, and environmental factors. Furthermore, the result of the study reveals that major drivers of ethnic conflict in both areas are similar.
Delusional psychotic disorder, substance use and murder with alevosia and cruelty
Authors: Nonis Bernat-Noël Tiffon
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

A case of murder perpetrated by a subject with paranoid schizophrenia is illustrated and, at the time of the events, he presented an acute psychotic crisis in the absence of antipsychotic medication due to abandonment of treatment. The clinical-symptomatological phenomenology of the perpetrator and the type of psychotic-paranoid thought that he showed at the time of the psychological-forensic interviews are described.

 

RESUMEN

Se expone un caso de asesinato perpetrado por un sujeto con esquizofrenia paranoide que, en el momento de los hechos, presentaba una crisis psicótica aguda en ausencia de medicación antipsicótica por abandono del tratamiento. Se describe la fenomenología clínico-sintomatológica del agresor y el tipo de pensamiento psicótico-paranoide que mostró en el momento de las entrevistas psicológico-forenses.
Double filicide for extended suicide (frustrated) of a subject with major psychotic depression and dependent personality disorder
Authors: Nonis Bernat-Noël Tiffon
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT:

A case of frustrated extended suicide is illustrated, where the perpetrator can’t commit her own suicide, but having perpetrated the murder of her own 2 children due to suffering from a severe major depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms and dependent personality traits. The case is illustrated with the psychometric tests administered and also, the forensic psychometry of the case is analyzed.

 

RESUMEN:

Se ilustra un caso de suicidio ampliado frustrado, en el que la autora no puede suicidarse, pero ha perpetrado el asesinato de sus propios 2 hijos debido a que padece un trastorno depresivo mayor grave con síntomas psicóticos y rasgos de personalidad dependiente. El caso se ilustra con las pruebas psicométricas administradas y además, se analiza la psicometría forense del caso.
Prevalence and correlates of geriatric depression in a rural community in Kerala, India
Authors: Thomas Ann Mary , Susan Babita , Kalliath Jacob Davies , Cherian Vinu , Rose Brilly M , Kizhatil Anuradha , John Alexander
Published: July 2021

Background: Elderly constitutes a vulnerable group for depression, as they are especially prone to suffer adverse consequences of a depressive episode and have greater rates of completed suicides. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and determinants of geriatric depression. 

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 250 elderlies from 1st January 2019 to 1st January 2020 in the different rural blocks of Ernakulam district, India. The multistage sampling technique and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) were used to collect the data. A score of 0 9 is considered "normal", 10 19 is labeled as "mildly depressed", and 20 30 as "severely depressed". Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS software. The Chi-square test /Fisher's exact test was used to study the association between the socio-demographic and behavioral variables with depression.

Results: The mean age was 69.33 ± 7.41years and male: female ratio was 0.55: 1.The overall prevalence of depression was 52.4%. Advanced age over 70years [OR=2.04;95% CI, 1.227 – 3.394; P=0.006], female gender[OR=2.844;95% CI,1.663-4.865; P =<0.001], lack of gainful employment [OR=3.504; 95% CI, 1.833–6.699; P =<0.001], physical dependence [OR=0.365;95% CI,0.162–0.821; P =0.012], financial dependence [OR=0.388; 95% CI, 0.219–0.687; P =<0.001], presence of medical co morbidities [OR=0.428; 95% CI, 0.212–0.866; P =0.016],poor lifestyle including the lack of regular exercise [OR =2.020; 95% CI,1.174–3.473; P =0.010], addiction to alcohol [OR=4.932;95%CI,1.600-15.208; P =0.004] and addiction to tobacco smoking [OR=2.905;95%CI,1.273-6.628; P =0.009] and poor family support [OR= 5.180;95% CI,716–15.636; P = 0.002] were found to be significantly associated with depression.

Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among the elderlies was high, and hence early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to reduce its burden in the community.
Occurrence of Ophionyssus natricis (Acari: Macronyssidae) on the captive corn snake, Pantherophis guttatus, (Squamata: Colubridae) in Turkey
Authors: KESKİN Adem
Published: July 2021

Exotic snakes may harbour numerous parasites and play an important role in the spreading of parasites. Ophionyssus natricis (Gervais) (Acari: Macronyssidae) has been found in natural conditions on a wide variety of snakes in Africa, but this mite has been distributed by exotic pet trade in various parts of the world. In the present study, O. natricis was reported on the captive corn snake, Pantherophis guttatus (L.) (Squamata: Colubridae), in Turkey, for the first time. Male and protonymph stage of O. natricis were also first time reported in Turkey. In addition, some setal variations in the pygidial shield of protonymphs were documented.
Isolation and characterization of 3D chitin from a mite species Trachytes pauperior (Parasitiformes: Uropodina)
Authors: ÇAKMAK Emel , KOÇ BİLİCAN Behlül
Published: July 2021

Chitin is the most abundant structural biopolymer after cellulose in terrestrial ecosystems. Until now, chitin isolation in powder or granule form has been carried out from many macro living groups (Arthropoda, Crustacea, Mollusca etc.). However, studies on chitin characterization of microscopic organisms have remained limited. In this study, three dimensional (3D) chitin extraction was performed for the first time from Trachytes pauperior (Berlese), a mite species. The obtained chitin was observed by light microscopy and characterized by FT-IR, and SEM analysis. Our findings suggest that chitin, which was obtained in high purity and constitutes a large part of the organism's body structure, could be a potential source for future studies.
FARKINDALIK TEMELLİ BİLİŞSEL TERAPİ: Temel Felsefesi, Kavramlar, Terapötik Süreç, Eleştiriler ve Katkılar
Authors: BAKIR Vedat
Published: July 2021

Farkındalık temelli bilişsel terapi (MBCT), tekrarlayan depresyon ataklarını önlemek amacıyla farkındalık temelli stres azaltma programının (MBSR) genişletilmesi ve bilişsel davranışçı terapi tekniklerinin birleştirilmesiyle meydana gelen etkili bir programdır. MBCT, format olarak MBSR’ye benzese de stresten çok depresyonu anlamaya odaklanmış bir programdır. MBCT programı, haftada bir oturum olacak şekilde 8 hafta ve ortalama 2 saat süren bir uygulamadır. Uygulama, hem resmi meditasyon olarak nitelendirilen vücut taraması, yoga oturma ve yürüme meditasyonu gibi aktiviteleri hem de bir yaşam biçimi olarak yapılan günlük rutinleri içermektedir. Bilişsel davranışçı yaklaşımın temel ilkeleri olan “şimdi ve burada” çerçevesinde ana odaklanarak düşünce, duygu ve diğer bedensel duyumları yargılamadan ele alan bir çeşit grupla yapılan farkındalık meditasyonu uygulamaları bulunmaktadır. Oturumlarda farkındalık ve otomatik pilot, zihinlerimizde yaşamak, dağınık zihnin toplanması, beden farkındalığı, bilişsel çarpıtmalar gibi konularla birlikte kuru üzüm egzersizi, oturma ve yürüme meditasyonu ve duyumlara yönelme gibi alıştırmalar uygulanmaktadır. Programın ilk uygulama amacı kronik ağrı, depresyon, anksiyete ve stresi azaltmak olsa da zamanla koroner kalp, şeker ve kanser hastalıkları, bipolar bozukluk, kaygı bozuklukları, DEHB’li yetişkinler gibi klinik ve klinik olmayan birçok problemde etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Bu anlamda bireylerin yaşam kalitesi, iyi oluş, farkındalık, öz-şefkat, duygu düzenleme, yaşam doyumu, merhamet ve memnuniyet düzeylerinin arttırılmasında oldukça fayda sağladığı bilinmektedir. Ayrıca MBCT, yapılandırılmış bir program olmasına rağmen içerik ve müdahaleleri bakımından kültürel özelliklere duyarlı esnek bir uygulama niteliği taşımaktadır.
An Experience with 31 Cases of Neonatal Appendicitis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Xuxu , Huang Xuefei , Mbugi Juma Mfaume , Wei Liu , Ziyu Hua , Ya Hu , Qianqian Zhao , Weihong Yue , Hong Wei
Published: July 2021

Background: Neonatal appendicitis (NA) is rarely diagnosed due to lack of specific symptoms and signs. The aim of this study is to share our experience with NA.Methods: We performed a retrospective data review from electronic medical records of patients admitted at Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CHCMU) with the clinical diagnosis of NA from October 2001 to July 2018.Results: Of 31 neonates, male neonates (n=20) accounted for 64.5%. Abdominal distension and anorexia were the most common clinical features (61.3%, n=19). Neonates with elevated C- reactive protein (CRP) accounted for 92.6% (n=25) where as 51.6% (n=16) had normal white blood cell count (WBC). Of 29 neonates who underwent surgery, 69% (n=20) had perforated appendicitis.Conclusion: Neonatal appendicitis lacks specific clinical features, and early diagnosis is difficult. Clinicians need to have high index of suspicion when attending neonates with features of abdominal sepsis.
Esophageal Bronchus: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Vidyanand , Tantia Mridul
Published: July 2021

Esophageal bronchus has communication with esophagus instead of trachea. We report a case of esophageal bronchus in a 12-day-old term neonate who presented with respiratory distress. Chest radiograph showed opacification in parts of lower lobe of right lung. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an abnormal bronchus arising from the lower third of esophagus and communicating with affected part of right lung. Subsequently, a right posterolateral thoracotomy was done, esophageal bronchus was divided and the affected collapsed part of lung was excised. Post-operative recovery was uneventful.
Finding One’s Tongue: The Curious Case of Intraoral Synechia
Authors: Mahadevappa Kiran , A Mahadeviah Shubha , Das Kanishka , Hegde Shalini
Published: July 2021

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Jejunoileal Atresia Associated with Situs Inversus Totalis
Authors: Sag Sefa , Basar Dilek , Saygın Berna , Acar Filiz Akturk
Published: July 2021

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Neonatal Neuroblastoma with Pepper Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Jha Shishir Kumar , Tomar Reena , Sarin Yogesh Kumar
Published: July 2021

Pepper syndrome can be associated with significant hepatomegaly causing an increase in abdominal volume to the extent of causing respiratory distress. Here, we present a neonate who succumbed to classical Pepper syndrome.
Unusual Recto-colonic Tubular Duplication in a Female Neonate
Authors: Nahla Kechiche , Farhani Rabeb , Lamiri Rachida , Mekki Mongi , Belguith Mohssen , Nouri Abdellatif
Published: July 2021

Complete tubular colonic duplication is exceedingly rare. A second ectopic opening in the perineum other than a normally cited anus could be an unusual presentation. We report an unusual case of recto-colonic duplication in a 16-day-old girl who presented with fecal discharge from a vestibular opening in addition to a normally situated anus. The diagnosis of total recto-colonic tubular duplication associated with a rectovestibular fistula and a normal anus was confirmed by barium enema and computed tomography scan with double contrast. At operation, we performed a long transanal incision of the common septum to create an anastomosis between the normal and duplicated colon with complete submucosal excision of the rectovestibular fistula. The patient was doing well at 3-year follow-up examination.
Calcification and Airway Stenosis in a Neonate with Chondrodysplasia Punctata
Authors: Garge Saurabh
Published: July 2021

Chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP) is a group of congenital bone and cartilage disorders. Laryngeal and tracheal calcification and subsequent stenosis are not frequently seen. We report here a case of an infant with CDP associated with tracheal stenosis.
Perirenal Macrocystic Lymphatic Malforamtion in a Neonate: A Case Report
Authors: Ammar Saloua , Hbaieb Manar , Zouari Mohamed , Zitouni Hayet , Regaieg Chiraz , Hamed Amel BEN , Dhaou Mahdi Ben , Gargouri Abdellatif , Mnif Zeineb , Mhiri Riadh
Published: July 2021

Perirenal lymphatic malformation (LM) is a rare benign lesion that often simulate as perinephric collection or parapelvic cyst. A neonate, antenatally diagnosed with a renal cystic mass, was investigated to have a perirenal LM on postnatal ultrasonography and MRI. The LM was excised successfully. Histopathologic examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis. Perirenal LM should be evoked for a renal cystic mass diagnosed prenatally. Knowledge of this entity can prevent an unnecessary nephrectomy.
Omphalitis Leading to Retroperitoneal Abscess in a Neonate: A Case Report
Authors: Orozco Hernández Juan Pablo , Mesa-Tobón Laura María , Mesa-Franco Jaime Alberto , Vinasco- Sánchez Luis Gabriel
Published: July 2021

Retroperitoneal abscess in neonates is extremely rare and can be fatal in case of late diagnosis. A 7-day-old newborn presented with irritability, fever, lethargy, periumbilical erythema, and a tender abdominal mass. The initial laboratory findings were a high c-reactive protein, and respiratory alkalosis. An emergent laparotomy was performed revealing a retroperitoneal abscess that required drainage. The only etiology identified in the patient was omphalitis.
Pancreas as a Content in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Rarity
Authors: Chakraborty Goutam , Sreedharan Anjana , Sugandhi Nidhi , Jadhav Amit , Acharya S.K , Bagga D
Published: July 2021

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Re: Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis following Repair of H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula Repair and Post-operative Erythromycin Therapy
Authors: Rogers Ian
Published: July 2021

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