bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synchronous, Crosstalk-free Correlative AFM and Confocal Microscopies/Spectroscopies
Authors: Fernandes Thales F. D. , Saavedra-Villanueva Oscar , Margeat Emmanuel , Milhiet Pierre-Emmanuel , Costa Luca
Published: April 2020

Microscopies have become pillars of our characterization tools to observe biological systems and assemblies. Correlative and synchronous use of different microscopies relies on the fundamental assumption of non-interference during images acquisitions. In this work, by exploring the correlative use of Atomic Force Microscopy and confocal-Fluorescence-Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (AFM-FLIM), we quantify cross-talk effects occurring during synchronous acquisition. We characterize and minimize optomechanical forces on different AFM cantilevers interfering with normal AFM operation as well as spurious luminescence from the tip and cantilever affecting time-resolved fluorescence detection. By defining non-interfering experimental imaging parameters, we show accurate real-time acquisition and two-dimensional mapping of interaction force, fluorescence lifetime and intensity characterizing morphology (AFM) and local viscosity (FLIM) of gel and fluid phases separation of supported lipid model membranes. Finally, as proof of principle by means of synchronous force and fluorescence spectroscopies, we precisely tune the lifetime of a fluorescent nanodiamond positioned on the AFM tip by controlling its distance from a metallic surface. This opens up a novel pathway of quench sensing to image soft biological samples such as membranes since it does not require tip-sample mechanical contact in contrast with conventional AFM in liquid.
Publisher Correction: A genetic analysis identifies a haplotype at adiponectin locus: Association with obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Palit Sayantani Pramanik , Patel Roma , Jadeja Shahnawaz D. , Rathwa Nirali , Mahajan Ankit , Ramachandran A. V. , Dhar Manoj K. , Sharma Swarkar , Begum Rasheedunnisa
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Opposing roles of hematopoietic-specific small GTPase Rac2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 in osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Kang In Soon , Jang Jin Sun , Kim Chaekyun
Published: April 2020

Vav1 regulates Rac activation as a hematopoietic-specific Rho/Rac-family guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Rac is a subfamily of Rho GTPases that regulates the bone-resorbing capacity of osteoclasts (OCs). In this study, we show that hematopoietic-specific Rac2 and Vav1 play opposing roles by enhancing or attenuating OC differentiation, respectively. This was demonstrated by higher and lower bone density in the femurs from Rac2-deficient (Rac2−/−) and Vav1-deficient (Vav1−/−) mice, respectively, compared to the wild-type (WT) mice. Accordingly, Rac2−/− cells displayed low numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells (41%) compared to WT cells, whereas, Vav1−/− cells showed high TRAP-positive cell numbers (150%), and the double-knockout Rac2−/−Vav1−/− mice nullified the effects on OC numbers achieved by the individual knockouts. These reciprocal roles of Rac2 and Vav1 in OC differentiation were confirmed by reduced and increased levels of OC-specific markers, such as TRAP, calcitonin receptor, cathepsin K, and DC-STAMP in the Rac2−/− and Vav1−/− OCs, respectively. Our findings of decrease and increase in actin ring formation and αvβ3 integrin-mediated adhesion in Rac2−/− and Vav1−/− mice, respectively, suggest that Vav1 and its downstream GTPase, Rac2, may counteract to fine-tune OC differentiation and bone resorption.
The 2018 periodontitis case definition improves accuracy performance of full-mouth partial diagnostic protocols
Authors: Botelho João , Machado Vanessa , Proença Luís , Mendes José João
Published: April 2020

We aimed to compare the accuracy performance of the new 2018 periodontitis case definition by the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP)/ American Association of Periodontology (AAP) with Centers for Disease Control (CDC)/AAP 2012 in full-mouth partial recording protocols (PRP). Retrospective data from NHANES 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 were analyzed. For each case definition, full-mouth diagnostic was defined as the reference standard. Patients were diagnosed for the presence of periodontitis and staging for each PRP. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and precision, through several indicators, were determined. Performance measurement was assessed through binary and multiclass ROC/AUC analyses. Our performance analysis shows that the new 2018 classification outperforms the 2012 classification regarding the diagnosis and staging of periodontitis on full-mouth PRPs. This recent case definition has strengthened the utility of PRPs and its improvements certainly explain the observed findings. Also, our findings contribute to the reliability of PRPs and its use in future worldwide epidemiological surveys.
Graphene Quantum Dot Oxidation Governs Noncovalent Biopolymer Adsorption
Authors: Jeong Sanghwa , Pinals Rebecca L. , Dharmadhikari Bhushan , Song Hayong , Kalluri Ankarao , Debnath Debika , Wu Qi , Ham Moon-Ho , Patra Prabir , Landry Markita P.
Published: April 2020

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are an allotrope of carbon with a planar surface amenable to functionalization and nanoscale dimensions that confer photoluminescence. Collectively, these properties render GQDs an advantageous platform for nanobiotechnology applications, including optical biosensing and delivery. Towards this end, noncovalent functionalization offers a route to reversibly modify and preserve the pristine GQD substrate, however, a clear paradigm has yet to be realized. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of noncovalent polymer adsorption to GQD surfaces, with a specific focus on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). We study how GQD oxidation level affects the propensity for polymer adsorption by synthesizing and characterizing four types of GQD substrates ranging ~60-fold in oxidation level, then investigating noncovalent polymer association to these substrates. Adsorption of ssDNA quenches intrinsic GQD fluorescence by 31.5% for low-oxidation GQDs and enables aqueous dispersion of otherwise insoluble no-oxidation GQDs. ssDNA-GQD complexation is confirmed by atomic force microscopy, by inducing ssDNA desorption, and with molecular dynamics simulations. ssDNA is determined to adsorb strongly to no-oxidation GQDs, weakly to low-oxidation GQDs, and not at all for heavily oxidized GQDs. Finally, we reveal the generality of the adsorption platform and assess how the GQD system is tunable by modifying polymer sequence and type.
A spatio-temporal analysis to identify the drivers of malaria transmission in Bhutan
Authors: Wangdi Kinley , Xu Zhijing , Suwannatrai Apiporn T. , Kurscheid Johanna , Lal Aparna , Namgay Rinzin , Glass Kathryn , Gray Darren J. , Clements Archie C. A.
Published: April 2020

At a time when Bhutan is on the verge of malaria elimination, the aim of this study was to identify malaria clusters at high geographical resolution and to determine its association with local environmental characteristics. Malaria cases from 2006–2014 were obtained from the Vector-borne Disease Control Program under the Ministry of Health, Bhutan. A Zero-Inflated Poisson multivariable regression model with a conditional autoregressive (CAR) prior structure was developed. Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation with Gibbs sampling was used to estimate posterior parameters. A total of 2,062 Plasmodium falciparumand 2,284 Plasmodium vivaxcases were reported during the study period. Both species of malaria showed seasonal peaks with decreasing trend. Gender and age were not associated with the transmission of either species of malaria.P. falciparumincreased by 0.7% (95% CrI: 0.3%, 0.9%) for a one mm increase in rainfall, while climatic variables (temperature and rainfall) were not associated withP. vivax. Insecticide treated bed net use and residual indoor insecticide coverage were unaccounted for in this study. Hot spots and clusters of both species were isolated in the central southern part of Bhutan bordering India. There was significant residual spatial clustering after accounting for climate and demographic variables.
Neonicotinoids suppress contact chemoreception in a common farmland spider
Authors: Korenko Stanislav , Sýkora Jakub , Řezáč Milan , Heneberg Petr
Published: April 2020

Neonicotinoid insecticides are increasingly recognized for their role as information disruptors by modifying the chemical communication system of insects and therefore decreasing the chances of reproduction in target insects. However, data from spiders are lacking. In the present study, we tested the responses of males of a common agrobiont spider, Pardosa agrestis, to the application of field-realistic concentration of acetamiprid, which was formulated as Mospilan, and trace amounts of thiacloprid, which was formulated as Biscaya. We applied fresh or 24-h-old residues of Mospilan or Biscaya to the males just prior to the experiment or treated only the surface of a tunnel containing female draglines. We evaluated the ability of the males to recognize female cues from female dragline silk in a Y-maze. The field-realistic, sublethal doses of Mospilan altered pheromone-guided behavior. The choice of the tunnel with female draglines by males was hampered by tarsal treatment of the males with 24 h-old residues of Mospilan. The mating dance display was commonly initiated in control males that came into contact with female draglines and was suppressed by the Mospilan treatments in all three experimental settings. Some males only initiated the mating dance but did not manage to complete it; this was particularly true for males that were treated tarsally with fresh Mospilan residues, as none of these males managed to complete the mating dance. All three experimental settings with Mospilan decreased the frequency of males that managed to both select the tunnel with female draglines and complete the mating dance. The responses to the low-dose Biscaya were much milder and the study was not sufficiently powered to confirm the effects of Biscaya; however, the surprisingly observed trends in responses to very low Biscaya concentrations call for further analyses of long-term effects of trace amounts of neonicotinoids on the pheromone-guided behavior of spiders. These are the first conclusive data regarding the effects of commercially available formulations of neonicotinoid insecticides on the intraspecific chemical communication of spiders.
Nectar mimicry: a new phenomenon
Authors: Lunau Klaus , Ren Zong-Xin , Fan Xiao-Qing , Trunschke Judith , Pyke Graham H. , Wang Hong
Published: April 2020

Nectar is the most common floral reward for flower-visiting flies, bees, bats and birds. Many flowers hide nectar in the floral tube and preclude sensing of nectar by flower-visitors from a distance. Even in those flowers that offer easily accessible nectar, the nectaries are mostly inconspicuous to the human eye and the amount of nectar is sparse. It is widely accepted that many flowers display nectar guides in order to direct flower-visitors towards the nectar. Using false colour photography, covering ultraviolet, blue and green ranges of wavelength, revealed a yet unknown conspicuousness of nectar, nectaries and false nectaries for bees due to concordant reflection in the ultraviolet range of wavelength. Nectars, many nectaries and false nectaries have glossy surfaces and reflect all incident light including UV-light. In most cases, this is not particularly conspicuous to the human eye, but highly visible for UV-sensitive insects, due to the fact that the glossy areas are often positioned in UV-absorbing central flower parts and thus produce a strong UV-signal. The optical contrast produced by the glossiness of small smooth areas in close proximity to nectar holders represents a widespread yet overlooked floral cue that nectarivorous flower-visitors might use to locate the floral nectar.
Dietary Patterns Associated to Clinical Aspects in Crohn’s Disease Patients
Authors: de Castro Marina Moreira , Corona Ligiana Pires , Pascoal Lívia Bitencourt , Miyamoto Josiane Érica , Ignacio-Souza Leticia Martins , de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono Maria , Torsoni Marcio Alberto , Torsoni Adriana Souza , Leal Raquel Franco , Milanski Marciane
Published: April 2020

Diet is an important factor in both the pathogenesis and in the clinical course of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, data on dietary patterns of CD patients are rather limited in the literature. This cross-sectional study included 60 patients with CD, aged 18–60 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire to measure food consumption patterns by principal component analysis (PCA). Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and clinical and demographic variables. Three dietary patterns were identified: “Traditional + FODMAP” was associated with symptoms, gender, previous surgeries, and duration of the disease. “Fitness style” was positively associated with physical activity and negatively associated with body mass index and smoking. “Snacks and processed foods” was positively associated with duration of the disease and negatively associated with age. According to the weekly food consumption analysis, patients with active disease consumed less coffee and tea. We found significant associations between the three dietary patterns and the variables, but not with the stage of the disease. Prospective studies are necessary to determine the effects of food consumption patterns on the clinical course of CD.
Heterogenetic parabiosis between healthy and dystrophic mice improve the histopathology in muscular dystrophy
Authors: Lu Aiping , Guo Ping , Wang Liang , Tseng Chieh , Huard Matthieu , Allen Chris , McCarrick-Walmsley Ruth , Whitney Kaitlyn E. , Huard Johnny
Published: April 2020

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle disease, characterized by mutations in the X-linked dystrophin, that has several therapeutic options but no curative treatment. Transplantation of muscle progenitor cells for treatment of DMD has been widely investigated; however, its application is hindered by limited cell survival due to the harmful dystrophic microenvironment. An alternative approach to utilize progenitor cells and circulatory factors and to improve the dystrophic muscle pathology and microenvironment is through parabiotic pairing, where mice are surgically sutured to create a joint circulatory system. Parabiotic mice were generated by surgically joining wild type (WT) mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) with mdx mice. These mice developed a common circulation (approximately 50% green cells in the blood of mdx mice) 2-weeks after parabiotic pairing. We observed significantly improved dystrophic muscle pathology, including decreased inflammation, necrotic fibers and fibrosis in heterogenetic parabionts. Importantly, the GFP + cells isolated from the mdx mice (paired with GFP mice) underwent myogenic differentiation in vitro and expressed markers of mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages, which may potentially be involved in the improvement of dystrophic muscle pathology. These observations suggest that changing the dystrophic microenvironment can be a new approach to treat DMD.
Method development and validation of ten pyrethroid insecticides in edible mushrooms by Modified QuEChERS and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Tian Fajun , Qiao Chengkui , Luo Jing , Guo Linlin , Pang Tao , Pang Rongli , Li Jun , Wang Caixia , Wang Ruiping , Xie Hanzhong
Published: April 2020

A method for simultaneous determination of ten pyrethroid insecticides residues in edible mushrooms was developed. The samples were pretreated by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged (QuEChERS) method. The ten pyrethroid insecticides were extracted from six kinds of edible mushrooms using acetonitrile and subsequently cleaned up by octadecylsilane (C18) or primary secondary amine (PSA). Instrumental analysis was completed in 16 min using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The overall average recoveries in the six kinds of edible mushrooms at three levels (10, 100 and 1000 μg kg−1) ranged from 72.8% to 103.6%. The intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSD) were lower than 13.0%. The quantification limits were below 5.57 μg kg−1 in different matrices. The results demonstrated that the method is convenient for the quick detection of pyrethroid insecticides in edible mushrooms.
A single nucleotide variant of human PARP1 determines response to PARP inhibitors
Authors: Cashman Rivki , Zilberberg Alona , Priel Avner , Philip Hagit , Varvak Alexander , Jacob Avi , Shoval Irit , Efroni Sol
Published: April 2020

The introduction of novel cancer drugs and innovative treatments brings great hope for cancer patients, but also an urgent need to match drugs to suitable patients, since certain drugs that benefit one patient may actually harm others. The newly developed poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) are a group of pharmacological enzyme inhibitors used clinically for multiple indications. Several forms of cancer tend to be PARP dependent, making PARP an attractive target for cancer therapy. Specifically, PARPis are commonly used in BRCA-associated breast cancers patients, since unrepaired single-strand breaks are converted into double-strand breaks and BRCA-associated tumors cannot repair them by homologous recombination so that PARPi leads to tumor cell death, by a mechanism called “Synthetic Lethality”. Unfortunately, not all patients respond to PARPi, and it is not currently possible to predict who will or will not respond. Here, we present a specific genomic marker, which reflects a single-nucleotide polymorphism of human PARP1 and correlates in vitro with response to PARPi, throughout all indications. In addition, we report that this SNP is associated with re-shaping mRNA, and mRNA levels, and influences the final protein structure to expose new binding sites while hiding others. The status of the SNP is therefore critical to patients’ care, as it relates responses to PARPi to the PARP1-SNP carried.
Simulating nephron ion transport function using activated wafer electrodeionization
Authors: Hestekin Christa N. , Hestekin Jamie A. , Paracha Sadia , Morrison Grace , Pakkaner Efecan , Moore John , Santos de Souza Leticia , Stephens Sam , Atchley Catey , Kurtz Ira
Published: April 2020

Current approaches for treating patients with end stage renal disease include hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, both of which are diffusion-based treatments that require a dialysate solution. The native kidney has separate filtration (glomerulus) and transport (nephron) capabilities. Although artificial methods for simulating glomerular function using membrane ultrafiltration have been proposed, there are no known technologies for simulating the ion transport functions of the nephron. Here we have created a synthetic nephron using activated wafer electrodeionization (AWEDI). AWEDI incorporates mesh electrodes within an electrodeionization wafer, allowing ion selectivity and transport rate to be modulated independently. We demonstrate the capabilities of AWEDI with several physiologically relevant ions which mimic the fine control of ion transport by the kidney. Furthermore, by integrating our AWEDI technology with ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis modules, the possibility of incorporating AWEDI technology in an artificial kidney is demonstrated.
A conductive PEDOT/alginate porous scaffold as a platform to modulate the biological behaviors of brown adipose-derived stem cells
Authors: Yang Boguang , Yao Fanglian , Ye Lei , Hao Tong , Zhang Yabin , Zhang Lei , Dong Dianyu , Fang Wancai , Wang Yan , Zhang Xiaoyang , Wang Changyong , Li Junjie
Published: April 2020

The development of three-dimensional conductive scaffolds is vital to support the adhesion, proliferation and myocardial differentiation of stem cells in cardiac tissue engineering.
Crosslinkable polymeric contrast agent for high-resolution X-ray imaging of the vascular system
Authors: Le Ngoc An , Kuo Willy , Müller Bert , Kurtcuoglu Vartan , Spingler Bernhard
Published: April 2020

A contrast agent for X-ray micro computed tomography (μCT), called XlinCA, that combines reliable perfusion and permanent retention and contrast properties, was developed for ex vivo imaging.
Interfacial modification of various alkali metal cations in perovskite solar cells and their influence on photovoltaic performance
Authors: Huang Yinyi , Li Shina , Wu Chaorong , Wang Shuo , Wang Chengyan , Ma Ruixin
Published: April 2020

The electron transport layer (ETL) between the perovskite material and cathode plays an important role in planar perovskite solar cells.
Machine learning model for fast prediction of the natural frequencies of protein molecules
Authors: Qin Zhao , Yu Qingyi , Buehler Markus J.
Published: April 2020

Natural vibrations and resonances are intrinsic features of protein structures and can be learnt from existing structures.
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and M2-phenotype polarization of macrophages on a titanium surface modified with graphene oxide for potential implant applications
Authors: Li Qingfan , Shen Anfeng , Wang Zuolin
Published: April 2020

Dual roles of graphene oxide modification for enhancing osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and M2-phenotype polarization of macrophages.
Targeted delivery of thermoresponsive polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated lycopene:in vitroanticancer activity and chemopreventive effect on murine skin inflammation and tumorigenesis
Authors: Bano Sameena , Ahmed Faheem , Khan Farha , Chaudhary Sandeep Chand , Samim M.
Published: April 2020

Nanolycopene demonstrated strong antioxidant activity and enhanced chemopreventive effect on skin tumorigenesis in mouse.
An electrochemical biosensor based on methylene blue-loaded nanocomposites as signal-amplifying tags to detect pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Bu Shengjun , Wang Kuiyu , Li Zhongyi , Wang Chengyu , Hao Zhuo , Liu Wensen , Wan Jiayu
Published: April 2020

Synthesis of new methylene blue–magainin I organic–inorganic nanocomposites as electrochemical signal labels for the detection of bacteria.
From coordination polymers to nanocrystals: general and facile synthesis of ultra-small metal oxide nanocrystals
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Cui Fang , Li Li , Liu Yang , Zhang Xiao , Cui Tieyu
Published: April 2020

Ultrasmall and well-dispersed ZnO QDs with special optical properties and polymerization activity were synthesised by using coordination polymers as templates.
An activity-based two-photon fluorescent probe for real-time and reversible imaging of oxidative stress in the rat brain
Authors: Liang Chunjing , Chen Xianghan , Tang Qiao , Ji Wenliang , Jiang Ying , Mao Lanqun , Wang Ming
Published: April 2020

We report herein a modular approach to design the Michael addition between glutathione and coumarin derivatives for fluorescence imaging of the reversible and dynamic change of oxidative stress in living cells and rat brain.
Protein patterning with antifouling polymer gel platforms generated using visible light irradiation
Authors: Iwasaki Yasuhiko , Bunuasunthon Sukulya , Hoven Voravee P.
Published: April 2020

Visible light-assisted protein patterning on a solid surface was performed with zwitterionic phosphorylcholine polymers bearing tyrosine residues.
Remarkably enhanced proton conduction of {NBu2(CH2COOH)2}[MnCr(ox)3] by multiplication of carboxyl carrier in the cation
Authors: Ōkawa Hisashi , Otsubo Kazuya , Yoshida Yukihiro , Kitagawa Hiroshi
Published: April 2020

{NBu2(CH2COOH)2}[MnCr(ox)3] (dic-MnCr) shows significantly enhanced proton conduction (1.8 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 95% RH at 25 °C) relative to {NBu3(CH2COOH)}[MnCr(ox)3] by the multiplication of the carboxyl carrier in the cation.
Introducing mesoscopic charge transfer rates into molecular electronics
Authors: Santos Adriano , Tefashe Ushula M. , McCreery Richard L. , Bueno Paulo R.
Published: April 2020

It has been demonstrated that the concept of mesoscopic rate is able to establish a bridge between electrochemical and molecular electronic concepts.
Photoinduced electron transfer dynamics of AuNPs and Au@PdNPs supported on graphene oxide probed by dark-field hyperspectral microscopy
Authors: de O. Pereira Maria Luiza , de Souza Paiva Ronald , Vasconcelos Thiago L. , Oliveira André G. , Oliveira Salles Maiara , Toma Henrique E. , Grasseschi Daniel
Published: April 2020

The time scale for interfacial photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) in plasmonic nanoparticles is not well established and the details are still under debate.
A bio-based benzoxazine surfactant from amino acids
Authors: Wang Zheng , Yao Shu , Song Kun , Gong Xinjian , Zhang Sujuan , Gao Sheng , Lu Zaijun
Published: April 2020

A bio-based benzoxazine surfactant is synthesized using amino acids as an amine source, and may have potential use in cosmetics and cleaning products.
Tandem catalytic aromatization of volatile fatty acids
Authors: Fufachev Egor V. , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Bruijnincx Pieter C. A.
Published: April 2020

The transition towards a circular economy requires closing the carbon loop, e.g. by the development of new synthesis routes to valuable intermediates and products from organic-rich waste streams.
Earth abundant colloidal carbon quantum dots for luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Liu Guiju , Wang Xiaohan , Han Guangting , Yu Jianyong , Zhao Haiguang
Published: April 2020

We reviewed the synthetic strategies, structure and properties of C-dots, and summarized the recent progress of C-dots based luminescent solar concentrators.
Computational discovery of promising new n-type dopable ABX Zintl thermoelectric materials
Authors: Gorai Prashun , Ganose Alex , Faghaninia Alireza , Jain Anubhav , Stevanović Vladan
Published: April 2020

We develop a chemical replacements in structure prototype (CRISP) approach for novel materials discovery with functional applications.
Reconfigurable all-dielectric Fano metasurfaces for strong full-space intensity modulation of visible light
Authors: Kim Sun-Je , Kim Inki , Choi Sungwook , Yoon Hyojin , Kim Changhyun , Lee Yohan , Choi Chulsoo , Son Junwoo , Lee Yong Wook , Rho Junsuk , Lee Byoungho
Published: April 2020

We demonstrated strong full-space modulation of visible intensities based on Fano resonances in all-dielectric VO2 metasurface gratings.
Refractive index of nanoconfined water reveals its anomalous physical properties
Authors: Le T. H. H. , Morita A. , Tanaka T.
Published: April 2020

Anomalously low refractive index of nanoconfined water.
Hierarchical Li-rich oxide microspheres assembled from {010} exposed primary grains for high-rate lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zi Zhongyue , Zhang Yantao , Meng Yangqian , Gao Ge , Hou Peiyu
Published: April 2020

The wide particle size distribution of LLO microspheres assembled from {010} exposed primary grains is proposed to improve their Li+ kinetics and tap-density.
Azine based AIEgens with multi-stimuli response towards picric acid
Authors: Sathiyaraj Munusamy , Pavithra Kumaravelu , Thiagarajan Viruthachalam
Published: April 2020

Selective detection of picric acid using AIEgensviafluorescence enhancement and quenching in the monomer and aggregated from respectively.
A silver-catalyzed radical ring-opening reaction of cyclopropanols with sulfonyl oxime ethers
Authors: Zeng Xiaobao , Wang Xin , Zhang Yanan , Zhu Li , Zhao Yu
Published: April 2020

A simple and efficient method for the radical ring-opening reaction of cyclopropanols with sulfonyl oxime ethers catalyzed by AgNO3 is developed, affording γ-keto oxime ethers in moderate to good yields.
Asymmetric copper-catalyzed conjugate additions of organometallic reagents in the syntheses of natural compounds and pharmaceuticals
Authors: Vargová Denisa , Némethová Ivana , Šebesta Radovan
Published: April 2020

Stereoselective copper-catalyzed conjugate additions of organometallic reagents serve as a versatile tool in the total syntheses of diverse natural compounds and pharmaceutical agents.
Origin of the ligand effect in the cobalt catalyzed regioselective hydroboration of 1,3-diene
Authors: Liu Yuhua , Jiang ZhongJie , Chen Jipei
Published: April 2020

The detailed mechanism and the origin of the ligand-controlled regioselectivity in the cobalt catalyzed hydroboration of 2-substituted 1,3-diene have been investigated.
Synthesis of biaryl ketones by arylation of Weinreb amides with functionalized Grignard reagents under thermodynamic control vs. kinetic control of N,N-Boc2-amides
Authors: Li Guangchen , Szostak Michal
Published: April 2020

A highly efficient method for chemoselective synthesis of biaryl ketones by arylation of Weinreb amides (N-methoxy-N-methylamides) with functionalized Grignard reagents after Mg/halide exchange with i-PrMgCl·LiCl is reported.
Redox- and solvato-magnetic switching in a tetrathiafulvalene-based triad single-molecule magnet
Authors: Pointillart Fabrice , Flores Gonzalez Jessica , Montigaud Vincent , Tesi Lorenzo , Cherkasov Vladimir , Le Guennic Boris , Cador Olivier , Ouahab Lahcène , Sessoli Roberta , Kuropatov Viacheslav
Published: April 2020

Simultaneous redox and solvato-magnetic switching was achieved for a dinuclear dysprosium single-molecule magnet involving an extended tetrathiafulvalene fused semiquinone based triad.
A slowly magnetic relaxing SmIII monomer with a D5h equatorial compressed ligand field
Authors: Pan Yong-Ze , Hua Qiu-Yan , Lin Li-Shan , Qiu Yi-Bo , Liu Jun-Liang , Zhou Ai-Ju , Lin Wei-Quan , Leng Ji-Dong
Published: April 2020

A D5h equatorial compressed ligand field of the central LnIII ion is achieved. The samarium complex is the first SmIII mono-nuclear complex with slow magnetic relaxation. The DyIII analogue, in contrast, relaxes much faster
Highly-selective synthesis of trimetallic PtRuCu nanoframes as robust catalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Yin Hai-Jing , Zhang Zhi-Ping , Guo Yu , Yuan Kun , Zhang Ya-Wen
Published: April 2020

PtRuCu NFs/C exhibited much higher mass activity and specific activity than commercial Pt/C and PtRuCu NPs/C towards the MOR due to the frame nanostructures and the synergistic effect of the trimetallics.
Facile template-free synthesis of multifunctional 3D cellular carbon from edible rice paper
Authors: Islam Monsur , Weidler Peter G. , Heissler Stefan , Mager Dario , Korvink Jan G.
Published: April 2020

Edible rice paper wrapper is found to be an interesting precursor for template-free synthesis of lightweight, stiff, and fire-resistant 3D cellular carbon material.
Structural investigation of ternary PdRuM (M = Pt, Rh, or Ir) nanoparticles using first-principles calculations
Authors: Hung Shih-Hsuan , Akiba Hiroshi , Yamamuro Osamu , Ozaki Taisuke
Published: April 2020

First-principles calculations and Monte Carlo sampling was used to investigate the structures of PdRuM (M = Pt, Rh, or Ir) nanoparticles with three different spherical shapes. Oxygen adsorption facilitates Ru penetration from core to surface sites.
Lateral diffusion of single polymer molecules at interfaces between water and oil
Authors: Li Zhuo , Yang Jingfa , Hollingsworth Javoris V. , Zhao Jiang
Published: April 2020

A new scaling law is discovered for polymer lateral diffusion at water/oil interfaces.
Sulfur vacancies promoting Fe-doped Ni3S2 nanopyramid arrays as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting
Authors: Sun Shu-Chao , Ma Fei-Xiang , Li Yang , Dong Li-Wei , Liu Huan , Jiang Chun-Ming , Song Bo , Zhen Liang , Xu Cheng-Yan
Published: April 2020

Fe-doped Ni3S2 nanopyramid arrays with sulfur vacancies exhibit superior transfer ability for intermediates, promoting electrocatalytic performance for overall water splitting.
Graphene oxide laminates intercalated with 2D covalent-organic frameworks as a robust nanofiltration membrane
Authors: Sui Xiao , Yuan Ziwen , Liu Chang , Wei Li , Xu Meiying , Liu Fei , Montoya Alejandro , Goh Kunli , Chen Yuan
Published: April 2020

Porous yet rigid 2D covalent–organic framework nanosheets can not only increase the interlayer spacing between graphene oxide nanosheets and provide direct transfer channels but also enhance the self-supporting capacity of graphene oxide laminates.
Semiconducting polymer contributes favorably to the Seebeck coefficient in multi-component, high-performance n-type thermoelectric nanocomposites
Authors: Tang Junhui , Chen Ruisi , Chen Lidong , Bazan Guillermo C. , Liang Ziqi
Published: April 2020

n-Type Co NWs/N2200 TENCs yield a high S, mainly from the semiconducting polymer, yet σ is limited by poor connectivity between inorganic and organic domains. By adding flexible n-doped SWCNTs to yield more conductive paths, σ and mechanical bendability are greatly enhanced.
Boosting the primary Zn–air battery oxygen reduction performance with mesopore-dominated semi-tubular doped-carbon nanostructures
Authors: Luo Xinyi , Li Zhaoxu , Luo Meifang , Guo Chaozhong , Sun Lingtao , Lan Shijian , Luo Ruyue , Huang Lan , Qin Yuan , Luo Zhongli
Published: April 2020

Mesopore-dominated semi-tubular doped-carbon nanostructures derived from nanoclay templates were designed for boosting the primary Zn–air battery oxygen reduction performance.
Ultrahigh capacity 2D anode materials for lithium/sodium-ion batteries: an entirely planar B7P2 monolayer with suitable pore size and distribution
Authors: Zhu Changyan , Lin Shiru , Zhang Min , Li Quan , Su Zhongmin , Chen Zhongfang
Published: April 2020

We propose that porous 2D materials with entirely planar structure and proper pore sizes are highly promising ultrahigh capacity anode materials for LIBs and SIBs, following which the B7P2 monolayer is identified with an ultrahigh capacity of 3117 mA h g−1.
Identifying the mechanism and impact of parasitic reactions occurring in carbonaceous seawater battery cathodes
Authors: Lee Wonsuk , Park Jehee , Park Jaehyun , Kang Seok Ju , Choi Yunseok , Kim Youngsik
Published: April 2020

Carbon corrosion and calcium carbonate precipitation were identified as parasitic cathode side-reactions occurring during charge and discharge of the seawater battery, hazardously impacting the cell performance.
A highly efficient artificial light-harvesting system with two-step sequential energy transfer based on supramolecular self-assembly
Authors: Sun Guangping , Qian Weirui , Jiao Jianmin , Han Tingting , Shi Yukun , Hu Xiao-Yu , Wang Leyong
Published: April 2020

An efficient artificial light-harvesting system with two-step sequential energy transfer has been successfully constructed based on supramolecular self-assembly.
Power and carbon monoxide co-production by a proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell with La0.6Sr0.2Cr0.85Ni0.15O3−δ for on-cell dry reforming of CH4 by CO2
Authors: Wei Tong , Qiu Peng , Jia Lichao , Tan Yuan , Yang Xin , Sun Shichen , Chen Fanglin , Li Jian
Published: April 2020

Highly efficient on-cell dry reforming of CH4 for power and CO co-production by H-SOFCs is achieved with an engineered LSCN@Ni layer.
Boosting the acidic electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction performance of MoS2 by strain engineering
Authors: Liang Jiawei , Ma Shuangxiu , Li Jing , Wang Yangang , Wu Junli , Zhang Quan , Liu Zhao , Yang Zehui , Qu Konggang , Cai Weiwei
Published: April 2020

The interlayer space of MoS2 was compressed by substituted F ions for the purpose of rationally boosting the NRR activity and selectivity.
Color tuning of dibenzo[a,c]phenazine-2,7-dicarbonitrile-derived thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters from yellow to deep-red
Authors: Kothavale Shantaram , Chung Won Jae , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: April 2020

A molecular design approach for synthesizing color-tunable and high-efficiency TADF emitters in the long-wavelength region was developed.
Kinetic model for photoluminescence quenching by selective excitation of D/A blends: implications for charge separation in fullerene and non-fullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Benatto L. , Bassi M. de Jesus , de Menezes L. C. Wouk , Roman L. S. , Koehler M.
Published: April 2020

Our findings demonstrate the importance of kinetic factors in determining the overall charge separation efficiency in D/A systems.
Azobenzene-functionalized graphene nanoribbons: bottom-up synthesis, photoisomerization behaviour and self-assembled structures
Authors: Shangguan Zhichun , Yu Chunyang , Li Chen , Huang Xianhui , Mai Yiyong , Li Tao
Published: April 2020

We show the strategy of introducing azobenzene groups into graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), which not only endows GNRs with fast photo-responsiveness but also induces the self-assembly of the GNRs into ultra-long nanowires.
Synergy effect of co-doping Sc and Y in Sb2Te3 for phase-change memory
Authors: Hu Shuwei , Xiao Jiankai , Zhou Jian , Elliott Stephen R. , Sun Zhimei
Published: April 2020

Co-doping Sc and Y is a feasible way to obtained better-performance and moderate-cost Sb2Te3 phase-change materials.
Flexible and luminescent fibers of a 1D Au(i)–thiophenolate coordination polymer and formation of gold nanoparticle-based composite materials for SERS
Authors: Vaidya Shefali , Veselska Oleksandra , Zhadan Antonii , Daniel Marlène , Ledoux Gilles , Fateeva Alexandra , Tsuruoka Takaaki , Demessence Aude
Published: April 2020

Formation of flexible, red emissive and highly stable fibers of [Au(SPh)]nthat can be calcined to generate gold nanoparticle composite fibers with a SERS effect.
From animal models to patients: the role of placental microRNAs, miR-210, miR-126, and miR-148a/152 in preeclampsia
Authors: Frazier Sonya , McBride Martin W. , Mulvana Helen , Graham Delyth
Published: April 2020

Placental microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the placental transcriptome and play a pathological role in preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Three PE rodent model studies explored the role of placental miRNAs, miR-210, miR-126, and miR-148/152 respectively, by examining expression of the miRNAs, their inducers, and potential gene targets. This review evaluates the role of miR-210, miR-126, and miR-148/152 in PE by comparing findings from the three rodent model studies with in vitro studies, other animal models, and preeclamptic patients to provide comprehensive insight into genetic components and pathological processes in the placenta contributing to PE. The majority of studies demonstrate miR-210 is upregulated in PE in part driven by HIF-1α and NF-κBp50, stimulated by hypoxia and/or immune-mediated processes. Elevated miR-210 may contribute to PE via inhibiting anti-inflammatory Th2-cytokines. Studies report an up- and downregulation of miR-126, arguably reflecting differences in expression between cell types and its multifunctional capacity. MiR-126 may play a pro-angiogenic role by mediating the PI3K-Akt pathway. Most studies report miR-148/152 family members are upregulated in PE. Evidence suggests they may inhibit DNA methylation of genes involved in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Given the genetic heterogeneity of PE, it is unlikely that a single placental miRNA is a suitable therapeutic target for all patients. Investigating miRNAs in PE subtypes in patients and animal models may represent a more appropriate approach going forward. Developing methods for targeting placental miRNAs and specific placental cell types remains crucial for research seeking to target placental miRNAs as a novel treatment for PE.
A statistical study of the long-term evolution of coronal hole properties as observed by SDO
Authors: Heinemann S. G. , Jerčić V. , Temmer M. , Hofmeister S. J. , Dumbović M. , Vennerstrom S. , Verbanac G. , Veronig A. M.
Published: April 2020

Context.Understanding the evolution of coronal holes is especially important when studying the high-speed solar wind streams that emanate from them. Slow- and high-speed stream interaction regions may deliver large amounts of energy into the Earth’s magnetosphere-ionosphere system, cause geomagnetic storms, and shape interplanetary space.

Aims.By statistically investigating the long-term evolution of well-observed coronal holes we aim to reveal processes that drive the observed changes in the coronal hole parameters. By analyzing 16 long-living coronal holes observed by the Solar Dynamic Observatory, we focus on coronal, morphological, and underlying photospheric magnetic field characteristics, and investigate the evolution of the associated high-speed streams.

Methods.We use the Collection of Analysis Tools for Coronal Holes to extract and analyze coronal holes using 193 Å EUV observations taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly as well as line–of–sight magnetograms observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. We derive changes in the coronal hole properties and look for correlations with coronal hole evolution. Further, we analyze the properties of the high–speed stream signatures near 1AU from OMNI data by manually extracting the peak bulk velocity of the solar wind plasma.

Results.We find that the area evolution of coronal holes shows a general trend of growing to a maximum followed by a decay. We did not find any correlation between the area evolution and the evolution of the signed magnetic flux or signed magnetic flux density enclosed in the projected coronal hole area. From this we conclude that the magnetic flux within the extracted coronal hole boundaries is not the main cause for its area evolution. We derive coronal hole area change rates (growth and decay) of (14.2 ± 15.0)×108km2per day showing a reasonable anti-correlation (ccPearson = −0.48) to the solar activity, approximated by the sunspot number. The change rates of the signed mean magnetic flux density (27.3 ± 32.2 mG day−1) and the signed magnetic flux (30.3 ± 31.5 1018Mx day−1) were also found to be dependent on solar activity (ccPearson = 0.50 andccPearson = 0.69 respectively) rather than on the individual coronal hole evolutions. Further we find that the relation between coronal hole area and high-speed stream peak velocity is valid for each coronal hole over its evolution, but we see significant variations in the slopes of the regression lines.
Holographic approach to the light-by-light contribution to the muon (g-2)
Authors: Cappiello Luigi
Published: April 2020

We discuss how holographic models of QCD are used to study the the hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) scattering amplitude contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. After a brief description of the various models, we focus on a particular one, introduced by Hirn and Sanz, emphasizing the role it assigns to the pion, and the vector and-axial vector resonances. We review how the parameters of the model are fixed by imposing condition on the low energy and the deep Euclidean limit of two-point correlators of QCD vector and axial vector currents. We then focus on the evaluation of the three-point axial-vector-vector current correlator and the pion anomalous transition form factor to be used in the one-pion exchange HLbL diagram and study its asymptotic properties. Finally, we present preliminary results on the four vector current correlator that defines the Hadronic Light-by-Light tensor. We find that axial-vector resonances play an important rule in recovering the correct asymptotic behaviour predicted by QCD at large Euclidean momenta.
Flavour Violating Axions
Authors: Di Luzio Luca
Published: April 2020

I review the physics case for flavour violating axions. In particular, I argue that relaxing the assumption of the universality of the Peccei-Quinn current opens up new pathways, including: the relaxation of the Supernova bound on the axion mass, a possible connection with the Standard Model flavour puzzle and the experimental opportunity of discovering the axion via flavoured axion searches.
Search for electric dipole moments
Authors: Kirch Klaus , Schmidt-Wellenburg Philipp
Published: April 2020

Searches for permanent electric dipole moments of fundamental particles and systems with spin are the experiments most sensitive to new CP violating physics and a top priority of a growing international community. We briefly review the current status of the field emphasizing on the charged leptons and lightest baryons.
A survey on pseudo-Chebyshev functions
Authors: Ricci Paolo Emilio
Published: April 2020

In recent articles, by using as a starting point the Grandi (Rhodonea) curves, sets of irrational functions, extending to the fractional degree the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th kind Chebyshev polynomials have been introduced. Therefore, the resulting mathematical objects are called pseudo-Chebyshev functions. In this survey, the results obtained in the above articles are presented in a compact way, in order to make the topic accessible to a wider audience. Applications in the fields of weighted best approximation, roots of 2 × 2 non-singular matrices and Fourier series are derived.
An investigation on effect of EDL on heat transfer of micro heat pipe with square and triangular cross section
Authors: Fallah Abbasi Maryam , Shokouhmand Hossein , Khayat Morteza
Published: April 2020

Electronic industries have always been trying to improve the efficiency of electronic devices with small dimensions through thermal management of this equipment, thus increasing the use of small thermal sinks. In this study micro heat pipes with triangular and square cross sections have been manufactured and tested. One of the main objectives is to obtain an understanding of micro heat pipes and their role in energy transmission with electrical double layer (EDL). Micro heat pipes are highly efficient heat transfer devices, which use the continuous evaporation/condensation of a suitable working fluid for two-phase heat transport in a closed system. Since the latent heat of vaporization is very large, heat pipes transport heat at small temperature difference, with high rates. Because of variety of advantage features these devices have found a number of applications both in space and terrestrial technologies. The theory of operation micro heat pipes with EDL is described and the micro heat pipe has been studied. The temperature distribution have achieved through five thermocouples installed on the body. Water and different solution mixture of water and ethanol have used to investigate effect of the electric double layer heat transfer. It was noticed that the electric double layer of ionized fluid has caused reduction of heat transfer.
Prunus avium kernel oil characterization: a comparative study of four varieties from Sefrou, Morocco
Authors: Aqil Younes , Ouassor Ihssane , Belmaghraoui Walid , El Hajjaji Souad
Published: April 2020

Four varieties of Prunus avium (Burlat, Napoleon, Coeur de pigeon, Van) kernel oils were extracted using a soxhlet apparatus with n-hexane as solvent. These oils composition was compared amongst them, with fatty acids, phytosterols and tocopherols identification and physicochemical characterization of said oils. Several differences, such as in oil yield were observed, “Coeur de pigeon” variety being the highest with a 23.5% yield. Twelve fatty acids were identified in all the varieties with linoleic and oleic fatty acids being the most abundant. β-sitosterol, Campesterol and Δ5-Avenasterol were the major compounds in the sterols assay performed. Also, total tocopherols ranged from 352.22 mg/kg (Var. Coeur de pigeon) to 2072.55 mg/kg (Var. Napoleon), with γ-tocopherol being the dominant one. These results suggest that these oils have numerous active compounds that can be further exploited.
Immer mehr Kliniken steuern Intensivkapazitäten in Echtzeit
Authors: Wichels Reinhard
Published: April 2020

﻿Jeden Tag sitzen Krisenstäbe in den Kliniken, aber auch in den Landratsämtern und Stadtverwaltungen zusammen und beurteilen die Lage. Wie viele Intensivbetten stehen uns in diesem Moment zur Verfügung? Welche davon sind bereits mit COVID-19-Patienten oder anderen Erkrankten belegt?
Sonografie-gestützte Injektionen der Wirbelsäule
Authors: Weidle Patrick A. , Legat Martin , Schultheis Björn C.
Published: April 2020

Die therapeutischen Injektionen an der Wirbelsäule sind etablierte Verfahren in der Behandlung von spezifischen Schmerzen im Bereich der Hals-, Brust- und Lendenwirbelsäule. Die Injektionen können anatomisch landmarkenorientiert, fluoroskopisch und computertomografisch assistiert oder MRT-gesteuert erfolgen. Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, einen orientierenden Überblick über die alternative Ultraschallsteuerung dieser Techniken zu vermitteln.