bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Shipping Flow of the Pattumbukang Ferry Port, Selayar Islands Regency South Sulawesi
Authors: Ashury Ashury , Suyono Suyono
Published: January 2024

The Pattumbukang Ferry Port is one of the ferry ports in the Selayar Archipelago, South Sulawesi. This port is located in a small bay which results in several problems related to sedimentation and narrowing of the water area. To prevent silting due to existing sedimentation, it is necessary to carry out shipping channel planning and dredging the seabed to obtain the required depth. The purpose of this study was to determine the hydro-oceanographic conditions at the Pattumbukang Ferry Port which was then used as a source of information regarding the depth and planning of water levels for material for evaluating shipping lane planning and estimating dredging volumes. Data collection in this study was carried out directly at the location for 15 days. Observations were made to obtain data in the form of: bathymetry data, tides, and soil sediment samples. The existing data is then processed and analyzed in shipping channel planning using assistance software, like :ArcGIS, Civilian 3D, Mapsource and software other supporters. Based on the results of the survey and processed data that has been carried out in this study, it can be concluded that: The existing condition of the shipping channel at the Pattumbukang Ferry Port does not meet the criteria based on the largest ship size, namely 1000 GT. Therefore, a one-way route planning is carried out with two alternative choices of channels where each alternative has its own advantages and disadvantages and with an ideal depth of 5.528≈ 6 m
The Effect of Locations Adjacent to Other Countries on the Development of Fishery Technology in the Sangihe and Talaud Islands
Authors: Bawias Ishak , Lungari Fitria
Published: January 2024

This article aims to analyze the effect of a location close to foreign countries on the development of fishery technology in the Sangihe and Talaud Islands. This location provides both opportunities and challenges for fisheries development in the region. This article uses a descriptive-analytical method with secondary data obtained from various sources. The analysis results show that the location close to foreign countries has a positive and negative influence on the development of fishery technology in the Sangihe and Talaud Islands. Positive influences include cooperation, technology transfer, and international markets. Negative influences include competition, fish theft, and environmental damage. This article recommends that the government and society increase efforts to seize opportunities and overcome existing challenges.
Jetty Extension Study Due to Addition of Power Capacity on Thermal Water Dispersion at PLTGU Grati Pasuruan
Authors: Cahya Ilham , Suntoyo Suntoyo , Lailiyah Inayatul , Nurdin Jihannuma Adibiah
Published: January 2024

PLTGU (Gas and Steam Power Plant) is a combination of gas power plant and steam power plant. PLTGU requires a cooling water systems during its operational life. The required amount of cooling water will increased along to increased power capacity of power plant. This project contains jetty extension study due to the addition of power capacity on thermal water dispersion at PLTGU Grati, Pasuruan. The results show using Delft3D hydrodynamic model, The alternative model showing quite good performance decreased temperature of cooling water on average 0.7975 oC at inlet canal. But it only need 2.5 oC increase of seawater temperature to decrease 0.33% efficiency, so it might change nothing to thermal power plant efficiency compared to the model result. Considering to the increasing risk of sedimentation rate, this alternative might be poor layout but further research needed. Still the best choice is on existing jetty design.
Development of a Shipping Higher Education Curriculum that is Responsive to the Challenges of Industry 4.0
Authors: Marsudi Sugeng
Published: January 2024

The rapid development of technology and the emergence of Industry 4.0 have brought new challenges to the field of shipping studies. To prepare students for this challenge, it is necessary to develop a curriculum that is responsive to the changing needs of the industry. This study aims to explore the development of a higher education curriculum for maritime studies at the Vocational Shipping Studies Faculty at Hang Tuah University that is responsive to the challenges of Industry 4.0. This study uses a qualitative research design, using a review of relevant literature and documents. The objective of research is the higher education curriculum for maritime studies at the Faculty of Vocational Sailing Studies at Hang Tuah University. Data obtained through review of relevant documents from experts. The findings show that responsive curriculum development requires a thorough understanding of industry needs and expectations, as well as a commitment to continuously improve and adapt. Based on these findings, this research proposes a framework for the development of a responsive higher education curriculum for maritime studies that incorporates elements such as industry collaboration, competency-based learning, and integration of technology and digital skills. This research has important implications for institutions seeking to develop curricula that are responsive to changing industry needs, and can contribute to the development of a skilled and competent workforce in the field of shipping studies
Analysis Of Seaport Safety In Nigeria: Case Of Apapa Port Complex Lagos
Authors: Nwaogbe Obioma , Bissalla Samuel , Omoke Victor , Eru John U , Wokili Hauwa Yakubu
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to assess the seaport operational safety of Apapa port Lagos. Primary data were collected using survey for the analysis. The study utilized Logit model and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to analyse the data collected from` the seaport. In running the analysis, SPSS software version 24.0 was used to analyse the data. The result from the Logit model shows that there is a high significant relationship between the dependent and independent variables tested in the study. This means that there is need for improvement in the area of safety at the port. Furthermore, the multi-criteria decision analysis result also shows various sections and their corresponding weights and ranks with a level of improvement that will be help to step up or enhance the safety variables during port operation. The study recommends that the seaport should be carrying out constant safety study from time to time to increase the safety and security levels of the seaport as recommended by the IMO
Analysis of Economic and Environmental Feasibility of Using Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel for Fishing Vessels in Indonesia
Authors: Riyadi Muhammad , Ilham Irawan , Hadi Syamsul
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the economic and environmental feasibility of using biodiesel as an alternative fuel for fishing vessels in Indonesia. This research uses cost-benefit analysis, greenhouse gas emission analysis, and sensitivity analysis methods to evaluate the impact of biodiesel use on economic and environmental aspects. The results show that the use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel for fishing vessels in Indonesia is economically feasible, as it can save fuel costs, reduce dependence on imported diesel, and increase the added value of fishery products. The use of biodiesel is also environmentally feasible, as it can reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and other pollutant emissions generated by fishing vessels. The economic and environmental feasibility of using biodiesel as an alternative fuel for fishing vessels in Indonesia is quite stable and not sensitive to changes in conditions that may occur in the future. This research provides recommendations for the government, fishery industry, and society to support the development and implementation of biodiesel as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel for fishing vessels in Indonesia.
The Concept of Moral Education The Perspective of Al-Ghazali and Thomas Lickona
Authors: Sholeh Anwar , Muhammad Devy Habibi , Susandi Ari
Published: January 2024

Morals are a determinant of whether or not a person is good, so that humans are able to adapt to their environment. The moral problem of this era makes moral education as the primary need of education.  The study aims to: know the educational concepts of Akhlaq Al Ghozali ,Thomas Lickona and the similarities of difference. This research uses literature. data collection by method of assessment and analysis of data with comparatively transcribed. The results of research that discusses the concept of moral education sourced from Al-Imam Al-Ghazali and Thomas can be concluded including: 1) Moral education Al-Imam Al-Ghazali guided by the Qur'an and Sunnah by using four methods (exemplaryness, habituation, advice and stories) which the focus of the concept of moral education is the sacredness of the soul from all impurities and diseases of the heart so as to become a perfect human being (human being),  2) While Thomas's moral education is based on the family, environment and society as a source of moral education with five methods (understanding, discipleship, habituation, example and punishment) so that intelligent, intelligent and skilled human beings are realized, 3)  Both Al Ghazali and Thomas broadly have the same concept of moral education, namely social dimensions, habits and examples.
Religious Moderation Representation in The Movie "My Name is Khan"
Authors: Nafi'ah Jamilatun
Published: January 2024

This discussion will examine more deeply the forms of religious moderation represented in the film "My Name Is Khan". This is intended to get a clear picture of how to apply religious moderation and its limits in diversity. Religious diversity is a natural trait that cannot be denied. However, how through this moderation can such diversity be accepted and remain peacefully side by side. The figure of Rizvan Khan who is the main character in the film "my name is khan" has displayed a Muslim character with his moderate attitude towards fellow human beings. His struggle to save non-Muslims who were being hit by storms and floods in Wilhelmina, Georgia to firmly fight the heretical teachings of Islamic terrorism who wanted to provoke other Muslim worshipers in a mosque. The film conveys a brief message that religion is not a differentiator that divides people. And Islam is not a religion of cruelty and terrorism, but Islam is a religion that can embrace diversity in moderation. The storyline is so full of conflict and Islamic studies that are quite heavy can be packaged lightly and can be enjoyed by the audience of the film My Name is Khan. The positive side of this film that we can take is how we as individuals must always try to continue to be good people because in this world there are only good people and bad people. To whom we must do good, regardless of race, religion, nation, and skin. And to complete it, we must always have a good attitude towards other people, whether they are Muslims or non-Muslims though.
Perspectives On The Philosophy Of Education Progressivism In Learning Models Ubiquitous Learning
Authors: Naatonis Remerta N. , Masitoh Siti , Nursalim Mochamad
Published: January 2024

The development of technology in the world of education gave birth to various new learning models and methods, one of which is Ubiquitous Learning. Ubiquitous Learning is u-u-learning, referred to as u-learning, leveraging digital content, physical environments, mobile devices, pervasive components, and wireless communication to provide users with a teaching-learning experience anytime, anywhere, and anywhere. The birth of Ubiquitous Learning is in line with and in line with the philosophical view of progressivism which considers education to always innovate or change in accordance with the changing times and science and technology in another sense the philosophy of progressivism is a school of modern educational philosophy that wants a change in the implementation of education to be more advanced. This study aims to analyze uLearning learning in the perspective of the philosophy of progressivism to see the relationship and assess the compatibility of the two concepts in indonesian education today, the research method uses qualitative methods with a literature review approach on Ubiquitous Learning and analyzed using the philosophical theory of progressivism. The results of the study can be explained as follows, first: Ubiquitous Learning is a learning model in which there is a separation between students and teachers in the teaching and learning process so that students are emphasized to learn more independently from where and at any time by using technological facilities and networks both the philosophy of progressivism education is a belief in the natural power of man, the power that is passed on to humans from birth who have been  bring basic talents and abilities or potentials, especially their resourcefulness, so that humans will be able to overcome all the problems of their lives Third: the philosophy of progressivism education views the elements contained in distance education model Ubiquitous Learning as an effort to provide alternative education that is constrained to follow education in general.
Development Of Biology Learning Tools To Improve Communication Skills Reviewed From Humanistic Philosophy
Authors: Asyari Dian Noer , Masito Siti , Nursalim Mochamad
Published: January 2024

This research is a developmental research because it develops learning tools to improve students' communication skills in terms of humanistic philosophy. The aim of this study is to create practicable learning instruments for training communication skills in the sense of a humanistic philosophy according to the criteria of validity, practicability and effectiveness. The development of learning devices was based on the four-D model. Research design using a pretest-posttest design with a group. Several insights were gained based on research data: the validity of learning tools developed in good categories; the readability of the developed student textbooks is appropriate for learning; the implementation of the RPP is well categorized; the dominant student activities are communicating information/opinions, asking questions and making presentations with a share of 18.88%; The obstacles encountered when using learning tools are that students are unfamiliar with communication skills, making some students less active participants in the learning process. Students respond positively to the learning process; Guided discovery learning can train students' communication skills; and student learning outcomes are 100% complete after participating in the teaching and learning process. The conclusion of this study is that guided discovery learning tools are feasible (valid, practical and effective) that are used to train students' communication skills.
Cultivating Discipline in Students Through The Application Of Kobimtaq in Class IV At MIMA 29 Miftahul Ulum Ambulu Jember
Authors: Yanuardianto Elga , Ilyas Muhammad , Al Karim Muhammad Fawwaz
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the method of establishing student discipline. Additionally, it would be helpful to be aware of how Kobimtaq was used in class IV at MIMA 29 Miftahul Ulum Ambulu to foster student discipline. As we all know, education currently places a strong emphasis on these three development goals: skills, knowledge, and attitudes. Promotion of character education is one method to change students' perspectives. One of the characteristics emphasized in character education is discipline, and MIMA 29 Miftahul Ulum is one of the madrasas that places a strong priority on the discipline of its students. Even the tiniest issues with discipline are handled very seriously at MIMA 29 Miftahul Ulum. In terms of discipline, the students are managed by MIMA 29 Miftahul Ulum using the contact book for religious guidance and piety (Kobimtaq). This research uses a qualitative research type approach with a descriptive type. Data collection techniques there are three ways, namely: observation, interviews and documentation. The findings of this study might be interpreted as indicating that MIMA 29 Miftahul Ulum pupils were pleased with the Kobimtaq book, which was used to manage student behavior. No students voiced opposition to the use of this Kobimtaq book, which may indicate the effectiveness of using Kobimtaq to impose discipline in students and act as a media bridge between instructors, students, and parents. Here, the link is the collaboration imposing student discipline between educators, homeroom educators, the school, and parents of kids. A disciplinary attitude must be ingrained not only in school but also outside of it, so it can be concluded that the Kobimtaq book can assist kids in becoming more disciplined in carrying out activities like praying, studying, reciting the Koran at home, and teaching them honesty.
Model of Multicultural Education In Religion As A Strengthening Strategy The Character of Tolerance In Early Childhood
Authors: Wahidah Finadatul , Maristyawati Dewi
Published: January 2024

Multiculturalism is a nation's priceless wealth, as a potential that must be developed and fostered; otherwise, if this diversity is not developed and nurtured correctly, it will grow into something frightening that impacts intolerance between communities. This research was conducted in formal institutions at the early childhood level. This study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use the theory of Miles and Huberman, namely data condensation, data presentation, and inference. This research concludes that the multicultural model in religion can be implemented in three forms: Content Integration, Equitable Pedagogy, and Empowering School Culture and Social Structure. First, this Content Integration can be carried out with the learning center model by providing examples that occur in everyday life from various points of view; this activity is structured in three stages: opening, core, and closing. Second, in applying equitable pedagogical education, namely praying according to their respective beliefs, there is no difference between Muslim and non-Muslim students. Still, activities that contain religious elements are carried out differently. Third, in applying cultural empowerment, empowering school culture and the social structure includes routine and exemplary habituation activities.
Basic Assumptions of Human Science (Rationalism, Empiricism, Criticism, Intuitionism) for The Development of Science
Authors: Rahman Arief , Zainal Abidin Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Knowledge is realized is something very valuable, and vice versa, ignorance is a bad thing in human life. However, most do not know in depth what they consider to be knowledge. This article discusses the basic assumptions of human science. First explained Rationalism, Empiricism, Criticism, and Intuitionism. The type of research used in this article is descriptive analytics, this article uses data collection techniques in the form of a literature study to collect data as the main source. This is followed by a description of the various basic assumptions.
Implementation of Virtual Office Management and Virtual Assistant Applications in Improving the Quality of Learning in Vocational Schools
Authors: Winarno Winarno
Published: January 2024

The rapid advancement of technology has revolutionized the field of education, providing new opportunities for enhancing the learning experience. This paper explores the implementation of virtual assistant technology and virtual office management in the context of education to improve teaching and learning processes. Additionally, virtual office management facilitates streamlined document sharing, project collaboration, and group discussions, promoting teamwork and enhancing the overall learning process. This paper investigates various case studies and pilot programs where educational institutions have successfully implemented virtual assistant technology and virtual office management systems. The impact of these technologies on student engagement, academic performance, and administrative efficiency are examined. Knowledge of virtual office management and virtual assistant applications (average value) increase from 4.5 for pre test to 9.5 for post test.  The use of virtual assistants in improving the quality of learning from 45% before training to 100% after training. The use of virtual office management in improving the quality of learning from 40 % before training to 90% after training. Furthermore, the challenges faced during implementation and strategies for overcoming them are discussed.
Sufism in the Perspective of Abdul Qadir Al-Jailani
Authors: Ni’am Syukron , Nurhuda Abid , Nur’Aini Khoirun Nisa
Published: January 2024

Sufism is often seen as a factor that hinders the progress of Muslims and is identified with the figure of someone lazy, stupid, poor, and backward. Even though it has a solid foundation and is sourced from the Qur'an and hadith. It has existed since the time of the Prophet Muhammad until later times, while one of the popular figures known at his time until now is Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. So the purpose of this study is to describe Sufism in the Perspective of Abdul Qadir Al-Jailani. The method used is a literature study by collecting primary and secondary data sources. Then analyzed the contents and the last is concluded. The results of the study indicate that Sufism in the Perspective of Abdul Qadir Al-Jailani includes repentance, shafa', territory, and mortal' following the book Sirr Al-Asrar Wa Madhhar AlAnwar. Whereas the book al-Ghunyah Li Talib Tariq al-Haq includes repentance, resignation, akhlakul karimah, gratitude, sabra, ridho, and Siddiq. All of the above shows a practical emphasis on tazkiyatun nafs through the process of mujahadah.
Educational Interaction Between Teacher and Student on KH. Hasyim Asy’ari’s Perspective in Adabul ‘Alim Wal-Muta’allim Classical Book
Authors: Fadlillah Fadlillah
Published: January 2024

In the world of education, a discourse about teachers and students is a study theme that is always interestingand current. This research is related to the educational interaction between teachers and students from KH.Hasyim Asy’ari’s perspective. Hasyim Asy’ari as stated in the book of Adabul ‘Alim wal-muta’allim. The approachused in this research is descriptive qualitative, this type of research takes the form of library research withcontent analysis used as the analytical tool. The results of the author’s analysis of the book of Adabal ‘Alim waal-Muta’allim, KH. Hasyim Asy’ari really emphasizes the importance of ethics in student interactions withteachers and vice versa. In fact, he quoted the words of the Prophet and the Ulama to emphasize the importanceof moral positions in teachers and students interactions by saying that all good deeds diniyyah (religion), boththose of the heart (my heart) or bodily, or of a nature Qauliyyah and fi’liyyahis not considered or has no value unlessit is surrounded/surrounded/adorned with good and noble morals, the key to success in the teaching andlearning process can only be produced if there is educational interaction (two-way communication) betweenteachers and students and it takes place well and harmoniously in accordance with the rules and mechanismsin the process of teaching and learning activities that are based on morals. There are several values or interactionpatterns that can be developed to create educational interactions between students and teachers from Kh.Hasyim Asy’ari’s perspective, including:Tazkiyatun Nafs, al-ikhlash, attarahum, attawadud, al-I’tina’ (care, attention),al adl or non-discriminatory, al-ijlal Watta’dzim, ash-shabr, and always maintain behavior and ethics and alwayspray for his students and/or teachers.
একক মাতৃত্ব এবং সেলিনা হোসেনের দুটি গল্প
Authors: চক্রবর্ত্তী প্রীতম
Published: January 2024

ওপার বাংলার বরিষ্ঠ কথাকার সেলিনা হোসেন, সাহিত্য চর্চা করে চলেছেন দীর্ঘ পাঁচ দশক ধরে, দীর্ঘকাল ধরে তাঁর জনপ্রিয়তাও অব্যাহত। সমাজ-রাজনীতি এবং অর্থনীতির বহুমাত্রিক সমস্যা-সম্ভবনা ঠাঁই পেয়েছে তাঁর কথাভুবনে। একইভাবে সেলিনা হোসেনের কথানদীর বাঁকে বাঁকে নারীভাবনাতেও যুক্ত হয়েছে নিত্য নতুন ভাবনা; ব্যক্তিত্বে ও বৈভবে নারীর বহুমাত্রিকতা ধরা পড়েছে সেখানে। আর আধুনিক মানবতাবাদের বিশিষ্ট একটি পর্যায় যে মানবী-ভাবনা, সে সম্পর্কে গভীর সচেতন তিনি। বহতা সমাজের পট-পরিবর্তন ও নারীভাবনার বিবর্তন সম্পর্কে সচেতন থেকেই কথাবিশ্বে মেয়েদের অবস্থান স্পষ্ট করেছেন। সমাজের বিবিধ শ্রেণির নারী বাস্তবতার সঙ্গে সেলিনা হোসেনের গল্পবিশ্বে জায়গা করে নিয়েছে, আবার প্রকাশ করেছে নিজেদের অনন্যতাও। তেমন বিশ শতকের একেবারে প্রান্তে এসে তিনি গল্পে এনেছেন একক মাতৃত্বের মত বিষয়কে, যা আজও সমাজের প্রতিটি স্তরে নির্দ্বিধায় গৃহীত হয়নি। অথচ তিনি একেবারে গ্রামজীবনের প্রেক্ষাপটে বিষয়টিকে উপস্থাপিত করেছেন গল্পে; এখানে আলোচনা করা হয়েছে লেখিকার দুটি গল্প ‘মতিজানের মেয়েরা’ এবং ‘পারুলের মা হওয়া’। আসলে দুই গ্রামীণ রমণীর এই বিপ্লবাত্মক সিদ্ধান্তের পিছনে আছে বধূ নির্যাতন ও উপেক্ষিত নারীর করুণ ইতিহাস; পুরুষতান্ত্রিক সমাজে নারী আবহমান কাল ধরে যে যাপন-যন্ত্রণা ভোগ করে এসেছে, আলোচ্য গল্পগুলি তার বিরুদ্ধে শুধু প্রতিবাদই জানায় না, উত্তরণের পথও দেখায়।
বাউল দর্শনে লালনের মানবতাবাদ: একটি পর্যালোচনা
Authors: মণ্ডল প্রেমানন্দ
Published: January 2024

আবহমান বাঙলার লোকসাহিত্য ও সংস্কৃতির অন্যতম উপাদান হলো লোকসঙ্গীত। আর লোকসঙ্গীতের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ শাখা বা ধারা হলো বাউল সঙ্গীত। বাউলরা তাদের সঙ্গীতের মধ্য দিয়েই তাদের ধর্মতত্ত্ব ও দর্শনের প্রকাশ ঘটিয়েছেন। বাউল দর্শনের উৎস নিহিত হৃদয় ধর্মে। দেহের মধ্যেই আছেন অন্তরবাসী দেবতা। মানুষে মানুষে ভেদ সৃষ্টিকারী প্রবৃত্তিসমূহকে ধ্বংস করে সোনার মানুষকে গড়তে পারলেই মনের মানুষকে পাওয়া সহজ হয়। মনের মানুষের সন্ধানে ব্রতী বাউলদের মধ্যে শ্রেষ্ঠ হলেন ফকির লালন শাহ। এজন্য তাঁকে বলা হয় বাউল শিরোমণি বা বাউল সম্রাট। লালনের সাধারণ পরিচয় তিনি একজন কবি, গীতিকার। কিন্ত প্রকৃতপক্ষে তিনি শুধুই কবি নন, বরং জালাল উদ্দিন রুমী, আল্লামা ইকবাল, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর প্রমুখের ন্যায় দার্শনিক কবি। কবিতা বা গানে কবি বা গীতিকারের আবেগ প্রাধান্য লাভ করে। কিন্ত লালনের গান তীক্ষ্ণ যুক্তির আশ্রয়ে রচিত হওয়ায় তা কেবল আবেগ সর্বস্ব নয়, বরং এক যুক্তিবাদী দর্শন। লালনের দর্শনে সন্নিবেশিত বিভিন্ন তত্তে¡র মধ্যে মানবতাবাদ অন্যতম। কিন্ত তাঁর মানবতাবাদী চিন্তা তাঁর সঙ্গীতের মধ্যে কীভাবে নিহিত ও প্রকাশিত, সে বিষয় আমাদের অনেকেরই অজানা। যে মানবতাবাদী চিন্তার জন্য লালন অধিকতর মহিমান্বিত হওয়ার দাবী রাখেন, নিবন্ধটি সে বিষয়েরই একটি পর্যালোচনা।
চৈতন্যপূর্ববর্তী বৈষ্ণবসাহিত্যে দাস্যভাবনা বনাম চৈতন্য-পরবর্তী বৈষ্ণবসাহিত্যে দাস্যপ্রেম
Authors: দত্ত শেলী
Published: January 2024

বৈষ্ণবীয় সাহিত্যের মুখ্য রস হচ্ছে ‘মধুর’ রস যেখানে শান্ত, দাস্য, সখ্য ও বাৎসল্য রসও বর্তমান। যা পর্যায়ক্রমে হৃদয়লোকে দানা বাঁধে আর এই রসের ভিত্তিতেই ভক্ত ঈশ্বরের সঙ্গে ব্যক্তিগত সম্পর্কে বাঁধা পড়েন। তবে আমাদের আলোচ্য বিষয় হচ্ছে দাস্য রস আর বৈষ্ণব সমাজেও দাস্যরসের এক বিশেষ স্থান রয়েছে। তাই চৈতন্য পূর্ববর্তী যুগের রচনাতেও যেমন দাস্যরস বর্তমান ছিল তেমনি চৈতন্য পরবর্তী রচনাতেও দাস্যরসের কথা এসেছে বিভিন্ন ভাবে। রস হচ্ছে ভাবেরই প্রকাশ তাই এই দাস্যভাবনা ভক্তের ভাবকে আশ্রয় করে মধুরে এসে প্রেমে (দাস্যপ্রেম) পরিণত হয় যা চৈতন্য পরবর্তী যুগে এসেই সম্ভব হয়েছিল। চৈতন্য পূর্ববর্তী এই যে দাস্যভাব চৈতন্য পরবর্তীতে দাস্যপ্রেমে পরিণত হওয়ার যে পথ তা নির্দিষ্ট করারই প্রয়াস করা হয়েছে এই প্রবন্ধে।
International cooperation of subjects of public control: towards the formulation of the problem
Authors: Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of international cooperation of subjects of public control. The author substantiates the role and importance of the institution of public control in the system of legal guarantees for the implementation, protection and protection of the constitutional principles of democracy and public participation in the management of state affairs. The paper notes the importance of organizing and implementing international cooperation of subjects of public control in order to achieve such goals as combining efforts and increasing efficiency in the organization and activities of subjects of public control. At the same time, the article classifies the forms of such international cooperation of subjects of public control, in particular, it highlights: their participation in international conferences, symposiums; participation in international associations and unions of subjects of public control; participation of certain types of public associations in the work of international non-governmental organizations whose activities are aimed at the development of civil society institutions.  A number of scientific research methods are used in the work, in particular: comparative legal; historical legal; statistical; sociological; formal logical; method of analyzing specific practical situations. The article formalizes and analyzes the main problems preventing the optimal participation of Russian subjects of public control in international cooperation, in particular: the lack of formalization of this institution of civil society in the country's Constitution; the failure to consolidate in the legislation on public control the legal foundations governing the grounds, limits and forms of the above-mentioned cooperation; weak use of positive foreign experience of cooperation of civil society subjects whose activities are aimed at organizing and exercising control over the apparatus of public power; weak financing of Russian subjects of public control; the risk of using international cooperation of Russian subjects of public control to undermine the national security of the Russian Federation. The work has developed and justified a system of measures to resolve these problems, including by making appropriate amendments and additions to the Constitution of Russia and legislation.
Russian-Iraqi relations in the field of energy
Authors: Mukhammad Nakhro Ismael
Published: January 2024

With President Vladimir Putin coming to power, Russia has emerged as an influential force in international politics, especially in its desire to end unipolarism and reduce US hegemony over the Middle East most notably, Iraq sought to consolidate relations with it because of its importance in Russia's strategy, Iraq has the fifth largest crude oil reserves in the world, and is considered one of Russia's most important producers and exporters. It is one of Russia's competitors in the oil market. The openness of the Iraq government was not particularly open to the United States, seeking to diversify its relations with influential powers in the arena, including Russia, with which it has a long history and still has its own political position in Iraq.
“Civilian” quadcopters (drones) and their role in modern military conflicts
Authors: Gonta Semen Nikolaevich
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of commercial quadcopters in modern military conflicts. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the experience of a special military operation (SVO) in Ukraine, as well as other military conflicts, has demonstrated to the whole world that even such a seemingly harmless tool as a quadcopter can become a formidable military force used in battle. The object of the study is commercial (also called “civilian”) quadcopters (drones). The subject of the study is the use of commercial quadcopters (drones) in modern military conflicts around the world. The author has studied in detail the process of development of commercial quadcopters (drones) as military instruments, and determined the role of quadcopters in modern military conflicts. Also, the author describes in detail the areas of application of civilian quadcopters in military conflicts. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods (content analysis method), as well as on special historical methods (narrative and historical-genetic). The scientific novelty of the article lies in a detailed study of the use of civilian quadcopters in modern military conflicts, namely: in a special military operation (SVO) on the territory of Ukraine, in military clashes between the Sudanese rapid reaction forces and the Sudanese armed forces, which began in April 2023, as well as in the Arab-Israeli conflict escalated again in October 2023. The author’s special contribution to the study of the topic is a detailed description of the use of civilian quadcopters in all of the above conflicts. The work also contains a large corpus of photographic materials on the use of quadcopters in military conflicts. Based on the study, we can conclude that the role of civilian quadcopters in modern military conflicts has significantly increased.
Pathergy After Endovenous Ablation for Lower-Extremity Venous Disease: A Case Report of an Unexpected Complication
Authors: Hussain Fahad , Lenz Robin
Published: January 2024

A 64-year-old woman presents with wounds to her left ankle. Although her soft-tissue cultures and arterial Doppler and duplex studies were unremarkable, her venous reflux studies showed right and left small saphenous vein insufficiency. After 8 weeks of standard treatment, her wounds to the left ankle did not improve, and she developed a wound to her right anterior leg. Her left ankle wound healed 8 months after initial presentation, and her right leg wound healed in 3 months. Thereafter she underwent an endovenous ablation of her left small saphenous vein, without apparent complications. Two weeks after surgery, she developed an incision site scab that worsened and ulcerated. This case report highlights pathergy from endovenous ablation for lower-extremity venous disease.
Salvage First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion with a Three-Dimensional–Printed Implant for Osseous Defects: A Case Series
Authors: Johnson Lance J. , Leatham Paul R. , Clougherty Coleman O. , Highlander Peter D.
Published: January 2024

Background: In this study, we aimed to describe a case series of revision first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion with a three-dimensional (3-D)–printed implant for osseous deficits of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Bone defects of the first ray are a common problem in foot and ankle surgery. Etiologies include nonunion, avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, failed first metatarsophalangeal joint implant arthroplasty, and failed hemijoint resection arthroplasty. Treatment options include acute shortening, block allograft, block autograft, distraction osteogenesis, vascularized free fibula, Masquelet technique, and partial first-ray amputation. Three-dimensional printing provides an opportunity to improve outcomes, with less donor site morbidity and less extensive recovery time than an external fixation device. It has been used in other facets of foot and ankle surgery with encouraging results.

Methods: Three patients (four feet) underwent revision first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion with a 3-D–printed implant. Reasons for revision included avascular necrosis after distal metatarsal osteotomy in one patient and bone deficit after failed first metatarsophalangeal joint implant in two patients.

Results: All patients had a minimum follow up of 12 months. Two patients had painful hardware and had to undergo revision due to implant design. At most recent follow up all patients were pain free with improved pain scores.

Conclusions: In revisional first metatarsophalangeal joint surgery with osseous deficits, the goal is to restore length and alignment, which improves function of the medial column. Custom 3-D–printed implants for first metatarsophalangeal joint revision can provide an opportunity for improved outcomes and healing.
The Nightmare of Calcaneus: Gustilo-Anderson Type IIIB Fractures
Authors: Batin Sabri , Ekinci Yakup , Gürbüz Kaan
Published: January 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to share the clinical results of open calcaneus fractures, which are extremely rare and have become the fearful nightmare of orthopedic surgeons.

Methods: Between June of 2014 and June of 2020, of 196 patients with the diagnosis of calcaneus fracture, Gustilo-Anderson type IIIB, 17 patients (11 men and six women; mean age, 36.2 ± 4.6 years; range, 22–56 years) under prospective follow-up were retrospectively screened and included in the study. Patients were recorded in terms of classification of fracture, mechanism of injury, comorbidities, surgical progress, complications, and associated orthopedic and nonorthopedic injuries. Functional clinical results and quality of life of the patients were evaluated at the 6-month follow-up with the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire.

Results: The most common etiologic factor was work-related injuries, with 29.4%. Although triple arthrodesis surgery was performed in three cases because of pseudoarthrosis, amputation was performed in one case because of deep infection. The most common soft-tissue defect was located at the medial aspect of the foot, which was commonly reconstructed with the used of reverse flow island sural flap. The average total American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society hindfoot score was 51.6 (range, 48–74) and similarly, physical component, pain, and social parameters on the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey were statistically significant compared to Turkish population normal scores.

Conclusions: A long and laborious process is required for both the patient and the surgeon in the treatment of open calcaneal fractures. However, it is possible to obtain good results with soft-tissue reconstructions.
Macrotraumatic Fractures of the Multisegmented Ankle-Foot Complex in Military Tactical Athletes: A Cohort Study
Authors: Fraser John J. , Ryans Camille P. , MacGregor Andrew J. , Janney Cory F.
Published: January 2024

Background: Ankle-foot injuries are common in military personnel and substantially degrade function and force readiness. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the incidence and contributing factors of traumatic ankle-foot fractures in the US military.

Methods: A population-based study of all service members in the US military was performed assessing the factors of sex, occupation, service branch, rank, and year on segmental tibia-fibula, rearfoot, and forefoot fracture incidence between 2006 and 2015. The Defense Medical Epidemiology Database was queried for the number of individuals with fractures of the tibia-fibula, rearfoot, and forefoot using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification on the initial medical encounter. Unadjusted relative risk (RR) calculations were performed assessing sex and occupation. A negative binomial regression assessed the adjusted factors of sex, branch, rank, and year.

Results: During this study, 95,540 enlisted service members (8.4 per 1,000 person-years) and 13,318 military officers (5.8 per 1,000 person-years) were diagnosed with ankle-foot fractures. In the adjusted analysis, sex was found to only be a significant factor in forefoot fractures (RR, 1.54), with female service members having a significantly higher risk. There were no significant sex-related differences observed in tibia-fibula or rearfoot fractures. US Navy and Air Force personnel had significantly lower risk of tibia-fibula fractures (RR range, 0.76–0.84) compared with the US Army. Forefoot fracture risk was significantly higher in the US Marine Corps (RR, 1.47) compared with the US Army. Officers had consistently lower risk for fractures in each segment (RR range, 0.68–0.77) compared with enlisted personnel. Enlisted engineers, aviation, and artillery/gunnery compared to infantry, and ground/naval gunfire officers had the greatest relative risk compared all other officer fields (RR range, 1.11–3.67).

Conclusions: Sex, occupation, branch, and rank were salient factors for macrotraumatic ankle-foot fractures. These findings can be used to inform and increase precision in medical planning and in the targeted development of preventive interventions.
Pronomenet “hen” praktisk og politisk
Authors: Bugge Edit , Bukve Trude , Myklebust Hege
Published: January 2024

I 2022 vart hen innført som kjønnsnøytralt pronomen i nynorsk og bokmål. I denne artikkelen presenterer me funn frå ei spørjegransking om pronomenet hen som var sendt til alle tilsette ved Høgskulen på Vestlandet (HVL) våren før rettskrivingsvedtaket. Analysen syner at det var høg grad av støtte mellom dei tilsette for innføringa av hen, på tvers av aldersgrupper, men med nokre skilnader mellom ulike grupper etter kjønn og fakultetstilhøyrsle. Den rapporterte bruken av pronomenet var også høg. I ein kvantitativ innhaldsanalyse av fritekstkommentarar som grunn-gjev støtte til innføringa av hen, dominerer to kategoriar: Den første er ein ‘politisk’ underkategori med vekt på rettane til personar som ikkje definerer seg som kvinne eller mann. Den andre er ein ‘pragmatisk’ underkategori der hen blir omtalt som eit praktisk alternativ til andre kjønnsnøytraliserande språklege uttrykk, utan at det nødvendigvis føreset ei kjønnsforståing ut over den binære. Argumentasjonen mot hen følgjer liknande skilje. I ein dominerande ‘pragmatisk’ underkategori legg ein vekt på at me ikkje treng hen fordi ein meiner det alt finst høvelege løysingar i språket, og i ein ‘politisk’ underkategori finn me ulike uttrykk for verdivurderingar. Artikkelen dokumenterer slik mønster i rapportert språkbruk og rapporterte haldningar til ei særskilt språkendring på eit avgrensa historisk tidspunkt frå ei avgrensa gruppe (høgskuletilsette), og dokumentasjonen legg eit grunnlag for framtidige undersøkingar av bruksmønstera og haldningane til pronomenet.
Stop-band type NGD RLC-resonant circuit sensitivity analysis
Authors: Sambatra J. R. , Haddad F. , Ngoho S. , Guerin M. , Rahajandraibe W. , Bilal G. H. , Fontgalland G. , Silva H. S. , Ravelo B.
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates on the rarely studied negative group delay (NGD) RF circuit with innovative stop-band (SB) behavior. In difference with the classical filter, the SB-NGD function is identified in function of frequency bands where the group delay (GD) presents negative sign. The ideal diagram specifying the SB-NGD function is introduced by indicating all the appropriate parameters. The S-parameter analytical model of the circuit is established. The SB-NGD analysis is developed. The main specifications of the SB-NGD circuit are expressed in function of its constituting components. Then, the design synthesis equations enabling to determine the SB-NGD circuit in function of the desired specifications as the center frequency and GD are built up. To illustrate concretely the feasibility of the SB-NGD function, a circuit proof-of-concept composed of LC-series network is theoretically analyzed. A parametric analysis on the SB circuit elements is accomplished to appraise the influence of each element on the SB-NGD specifications. To validate the unfamiliar SB-NGD theory, a prototype is fabricated and tested. The GD measured response of the considered circuit is compared by simulations and analytical calculations. SB-NGD responses showing a good agreement between the calculation and simulation are obtained with a 15 MHz center frequency, 44 ns GD and 3 MHz bandwidth.
Overview of Micro-Mechanical Accelerometer Research Based on ΣΔ Modulation TechnologyOverview of Micro-Mechanical Accelerometer Research Based on ΣΔ Modulation Technology
Authors: Chen Lingjia
Published: January 2024

This paper provides an overview of the current development status of acceleration sensors from three aspects: development methods, working principles, and sigma-delta (ΣΔ) modulation technology. The performance characteristics of the most representative EM-ΣΔM inertial sensor system are introduced. The optimized methodology for improving the performance and accuracy of capacitive Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometers while reducing mechanical and electronic noise is given. Finally, by comparing with advanced foreign technologies, the challenges and development directions faced by domestic MEMS accelerometer research have been identified.
Evolución Emocional y en Calidad de Vida Percibida de Cardiópatas mediante Programa de Rehabilitación Cardíaca
Authors: Valls Lázaro Esperanza
Published: January 2024

La enfermedad cardiovascular está relacionada con factores psicosociales, como la ansiedad y la depresión, repercutiendo éstos a su vez en una peor calidad de vida (CV) en los cardiópatas. Sin embargo, no está claro cómo influyen dichas emociones sobre la CV. Este estudio analizó la prevalencia y evolución de dichos factores psicosociales tras una intervención psicológica grupal en una muestra de 905 pacientes cardíacos que habían sido remitidos al programa de rehabilitación cardíaca (PRC) del Hospital Nª Sª Gracia, en Zaragoza (España), analizando la afectación depresiva (mediante BDI-II, Beck) y ansiosa (SAS, Zung) y su influencia sobre la CV (SF-36, Ware et al.). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, comparación de muestras (ꭕ2), análisis de varianza y análisis de regresión lineal. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron una comorbilidad psiquiátrica en un tercio de la muestra y una CV inferior en los pacientes con comorbilidad psiquiátrica. Respecto a su evolución tras realizar el PRC, aunque todos los pacientes mejoraron, el progreso emocional fue mayor en el grupo de depresivos, especialmente graves, frente al de no depresivos. Finalmente, se encontró que fue la depresión la que más peso mostró en la CV mental, mientras que la ansiedad lo hizo sobre la CV física. Este estudio contribuyó a ratificar no solo la presencia del estado emocional ansiosodepresivo en los problemas cardiovasculares, sino también el beneficio obtenido mediante intervenciones psicológicas grupales en la CV de los pacientes cardiópatas, además de constatar la importancia de diseñar intervenciones diferenciales según el perfil comórbido de los participantes.
Clinicopathological Outcomes in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Vakrani Girish P , Priyashree R , Nambakam Tanuja , Kumar KY Yashavantha
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a nephrotic syndrome with a variety of clinicopathological presentations and varied responses to treatment. Hence, this study attempts to classify FSGS based on clinical presentation and pathological findings on kidney biopsy, which is essential for appropriate treatment and avoidance of inappropriate use of immunosuppressants. Aim: To analyse clinicopathological findings and responses to immunosuppressants in FSGS. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Department of Nephrology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, to analyse clinicopathological parameters such as urine analysis, 24-hour urine protein, serum creatinine, serum albumin, lipid profile, renal biopsy details, and response to treatment in 97 patients. The study was planned, analysed, and executed between January 2023 and February 2023. All variables were expressed as mean±standard deviation or percentage. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.0. Results: Among a total of 97 patients, 64% were males. Sudden onset oedema was observed in 90% of the cases, while nephrotic proteinuria was seen in 71%. The Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) variant was noted in 60% of the cases. Complete remission was observed in 61%, suggesting a possible primary FSGS. Persistent nephrotic proteinuria with a poor response to therapy was noted in 32%, indicating a possible secondary/genetic FSGS, despite adequate immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, differentiating between primary and secondary forms of FSGS has therapeutic and prognostic implications. Accurate diagnosis of each form of FSGS is vital to avoid unnecessary immunosuppressive-based therapy and establish appropriate treatment. Conclusion: Resistance to steroid therapy was observed in one-third of FSGS patients. It is likely that unrecognised genetic FSGS or secondary FSGS were included among the study group of primary FSGS, leading to misinterpretation of treatment responses in primary FSGS. Hence, a clinicopathological approach for correctly differentiating between primary FSGS, secondary (maladaptive, viral, or toxic) FSGS, and genetic FSGS helps in making correct treatment decisions.