bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Innovation Efficiency in EU Countries: the DEA Approach
Authors: Cabinova Veronika , Burgerova Jana , Gallo Peter
Published: January 2025

Innovation, science and technology, which are among the most important tools for achieving economic growth, prosperity and competitiveness in the local and global business environments, are increasingly gaining attention. Thus, improving the level of innovation efficiency of countries should be one of the EU priorities. The aim of this paper is to analyse the development of the innovation efficiency of EU member states and to assess the use of resources entering their national innovation systems. To determine the efficiency of the EU countries, basic output-oriented DEA models were applied. The data were processed from databases of the World Bank. First, the development and comparative analysis of input variables (government expenditure on education as a percentage of gross domestic product, research & development expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product, researchers in research & development per million people) and output variables (patent applications, high-technology exports as a percentage of manufactured exports and scientific and technical journal articles) was performed. The level of efficiency of individual EU countries was subsequently quantified via DEA Solver (LV 8.0) software. Based on the scaling method, 5 groups of countries with similar levels of efficiency were identified and presented in the cartogram (efficient countries, above-average efficient countries, average efficient countries, below-average efficient countries, and inefficient countries). Over the period analysed, a total of 6 countries were identified as efficient – France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Romania (and the United Kingdom in 2018– 2019). Countries such as Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Finland and Austria recorded the highest values of the selected inputs, but the efficiency score showed average to below-average results. The findings of this study demonstrated that many of the top-ranked nations in global innovation rankings are misusing and underutilizing the resources that enter their national innovation systems. Makers of policies and strategic plans for the innovation efficiency of EU countries will thus have the opportunity to incorporate the results of the study into real proposals and solutions
Wood Chip Incorporation in Almond Orchard Planting Berms Increased Gravimetric Water Content, Soil CO2 Efflux, and Fine Root Length Density
Authors: You Hana , Martinez Paul , Culumber Mae , Holtz Brent , Volder Astrid
Published: January 2025

Incorporation of chipped woody material into soil instead of burning or transporting wood chips (WCs) off-site is a practical solution to dispose of old orchard trees. In woody plants, the most external (fine) lateral roots are critical in acquiring water and nutrients and are the part of the root system that is most responsive to changes in the soil environment. Our objective was to measure the impact of pre-planting WC incorporation into the planting site on young almond tree root parameters such as root length density (root length per soil volume) and root architecture. We hypothesized that presence of decomposing WCs in soils in the years following planting leads to increased fine root length density and changes in root architecture that increase soil exploration per unit root biomass. Plum WCs were incorporated into the orchard soil 6 months before planting and three blocks were established with paired treatment and control (no WC) plots. Root traits, soil water content, soil bulk density, and soil CO2 efflux were measured in both the berm and alleyways twice in years 2 and 3 after planting. We found significant increases in standing root length density in planting berms with WC incorporation 2 and 3 years after trees were planted. This was due to an increase in root mass per soil volume rather than an increase in specific root length or a change in proportion of fine roots produced. Thus, although root foraging was increased in planting berms with WCs incorporated, this was not due to a change in root architectural traits.
Watermelon Germplasm with Resistance to Whitefly-transmitted Viruses
Authors: Luckew Alex , Sari Nebahat , Pandey Swikriti , McAvoy Ted , Simmons Alvin M. , Meru Geoffrey , McGregor Cecilia
Published: January 2025

The current management of whiteflies is largely dependent on insecticides. However, pesticides are costly and do not provide effective control of whitefly-transmitted viruses (WTVs). However, breeding for resistant cultivars can provide a more effective and sustainable solution. Twenty-one Citrullus genotypes, including 10 C. lanatus, four C. mucosospermus, six C. amarus, and one C. ecirrhosus, were evaluated to determine their resistance to three WTVs common in Georgia in field trials for 2 years. Phenotypic data were collected weekly to determine viral disease severity, and the cumulative season data were calculated as the area under the disease progress curve. Leaves were collected 5 weeks after transplanting (WAT) in 2022 and at 7 WAT in 2023 to determine the viral loads of Cucurbit leaf crumple virus (CuLCrV), Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), and Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) via a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The CuLCrV and CYSDV viral loads were higher in 2022 than those in 2023, whereas the CCYV load was higher in 2023. Three accessions (PI 494528, PI 595203, and Grif 16444) outperformed the cultivars for viral disease resistance and CuLCrV load (2022). In 2022, there was a significant difference among cultivars regarding the CYSDV load, with ‘AU-Producer’, ‘Crimson Sweet’, and ‘Estrella’ having lower loads than those of ‘Charleston Gray’ and ‘Sugar Baby’. There were no statistical differences in CCYV loads between the best-performing accessions and ‘Charleston Gray’. Grif 16444 is a C. ecirrhosus accession, and this species has resistance to whiteflies. The two C. mucosospermus accessions (PI 494528 and PI 595203) provide a valuable resource for breeders to develop CuLCrV resistance in watermelon (C. lanatus) because there is no reproductive barrier between the two species.
WebCiência IQ-UFG: padrões temporais multiescala na transpandemia
Authors: BARBOSA Martin Schwellberger , SGOBBI Lívia Flório , PEREIRA Gustavo Nicolau , PAIVA João Vitor Fernandes , TELES Bianca Fagundes , PAULA Daniel Santos , FERRI Pedro Henrique
Published: January 2025

As redes sociais geram dados estruturados no espaço e no tempo, possibilitando analisar processos complexos em uma comunidade. O enorme fluxo de informação, no entanto, requer métodos para aquisição e análise de dados no tempo. Nesse contexto, avaliou-se o padrão temporal no desempenho do canal de divulgação científica WebCiência IQ-UFG, no YouTube®, durante a transpandemia. Para modelar a influência do tempo em múltiplas escalas, foram utilizados mapas de autovetores de Moran (MEM) em análises de redundância e variogramas multivariados. Os resultados indicaram que as métricas de desempenho do canal foram mais bem representadas por MEM gerados de conexões baseadas na distância temporal relativa e ponderadas não linearmente com a data de postagem dos webinários. As estruturas temporais relacionaram-se principalmente ao ensino remoto ou presencial e quanto à equipe de gestão (escala grande), bem como aos ciclos letivos e anos dos webinários (escala intermediária). Além de modelarem as múltiplas escalas, os MEM controlaram a variância crescente nas métricas de desempenho entre webinários vizinhos, ao longo do tempo, bem como a tendência unidirecional da coordenada temporal.
Influence of natural plant substances on quality indicators of broiler chicken meat
Authors: Duskaev G. K. , Nurzhanov B. S. , Rakhmatullin Sh. G. , Kurilkina M. Ya. , Atlanderova K. N.
Published: January 2025

The research was conducted in the vivarium of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies in 2023 to study the effect of biologically active substances isolated from medicinal plants on the productivity and meat quality indicators. Week-old broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups (N = 180, n = 45). Broilers in the control group received the basic diet; animals from experimental groups I, II and III, along with the basic diet, were fed cinnamaldehyde in the amount of 15, 30 and 55 mg/kg of feed, respectively. At the age of 42 days, the animals were slaughtered and the chemical, amino acid and mineral composition of the muscles was determined. Broilers that, in addition to the basic diet, received cinnamaldehyde in the amount of 30 and 55 mg/kg of feed, exceeded the control group in pre-slaughter live weight by 4.50% and 7.27%, respectively. Similarly, the mass of muscle tissue and edible part of carcass in group III increased by 8.67% and 8.40% relative to the control group values, respectively. It was found that the mass fraction of protein in the breast was higher in young animals from group II than in the poultry from groups C, CA-I and CA-III by 1.57%, 2.16% and 1.35%, respectively. In terms of calcium content in the thighs, broilers from groups CA-II and CA-III exceeded the control group by 2 times. Young animals from the experimental groups CA-I and CA-III exceeded the poultry from group C in the accumulation of the essential amino acid arginine in the thighs by 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively. Thus, the use of cinnamaldehyde as a feed additive for agricultural poultry has a positive effect on the chemical composition of meat, the content of essential elements and amino acids.
20. Yüzyıl Bestekârlarından Leon Hancıyan ve Karcığar Makamındaki Eserlerinin Makamsal Tahlili
Authors: Yalman Seda
Published: January 2025

20. Yüzyıl Türk Mûsikîsinin bestekârlarından olan Leon Hancıyan birçok formda eser besteleyerek klasik Türk Mûsikîsi repertuvarının gelişip zenginleşmesine büyük katkılarda bulunmuş önemli bir musikişinastır. Mûsikînin inceliklerini, nazari ve pratik yönlerini kendi kendine öğrenmesinin yanı sıra, bildiği eserlerin fazlalığıyla tanınmıştır. O dönemin yetişmiş ve ün yapmış musikişinaslarının büyük çoğunluğunun ders aldığı Leon Hancıyan, 19. ve 20. yy. başlarında yaşamış olan birtakım bestecilerimizin çalışmalarına nitelikli bir kaynak olmuştur. Bu araştırma Türk Mûsikîsinin yaygınlaşmasına önemli katkılarda bulunan Leon Hancıyan’ın şarkı formunda bestelenen Karcığar makamındaki üç eserinin makam unsurları açısından tahlilini ve de hayatına, eserlerine yönelik bilgilere ilişkin değerlendirmeleri kapsamaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi ile incelenen bu çalışmada ulaşılan veriler, doküman tahlili ile yüzde hesabı ve makam tahlili yapılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, Onur Akdoğu’nun makam analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Hancıyan’ın en çok Şarkı formunda eserinin bulunduğu, eserlerinde en çok Aksak Semai usulünü işlediği ve makam olarak en çok Suzinak makamını ele aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Hancıyan’ın makamsal tavrının anlaşılması bakımından örnek alınan Karcığar makamındaki eserleri makam unsurları yönünden tarih içerisindeki nazari tarifler ile mukayese edilmiştir. Bu karşılaştırmada Hancıyan’ın eserlerinin Kantemiroğlu’nun tarifi ile tam olarak uyum göstermediği, İsmail Hakkı Bey, Ekrem Karadeniz ve Tanburi Cemil Bey’ in tarifleri ile çoğunlukla benzerlik gösterdiği, Rauf Yekta, Suphi Ezgi ve Hüseyin Sadeddin Arel’in tariflerinin de makam seyrinin anlaşılması bakımından önem arz eden perdelerden bahsetmemesi yönüyle yetersiz kaldığı belirlenmiştir.
İbn Derrâc’ın Şiirlerinde Çiçek Tasviri
Authors: Yuceturk Kurtulmus Gamze
Published: January 2025

Endülüs’ün önde gelen tabiat şairlerinden İbn Derrâc, el-Mansur b. Ebî ‘Âmır’ın kâtibi ve şairi idi. Hem bulunduğu coğrafyanın doğal güzellikleri hem de uzun yıllar sürdürdüğü saray şairliği; onun hayal gücünü ve bunları şiire dökme becerisini geliştirerek özellikle nevriyyât (meyve ağacının çiçekleri) ve zahriyyât (diğer çiçekler) türündeki şiirleriyle diğer tabiat şairlerinden ayrılmasını sağlamıştır. Yani doğayı bir bütün olarak incelemek yerine parçaya odaklanmıştır. Endülüs Emevileri Döneminde yaşamış bu şair, konuyu işleyiş bakımından öncü şairlerden olsa da klasik Arap şiirinin üslubundan kopamamıştır. Bu yönüyle birçok Endülüslü şair gibi Doğulu şairlere benzetilmiş ve Endülüs’ün Mutenebbî’si olarak anılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra klasik tarzda ifadeler kullanması, “Endülüs’te yaşayan bedevî bir şair olarak tanınmasına” yol açmıştır. Mahmûd Ali el-Mekkî tarafından tahkiki yapılarak 1961 yılında Şam’da yayınlanmış ve 173 parça şiir içeren şairin divanı, çalışmanın ana kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada Arap edebiyatında doğa tasviri, bunun birer parçası olan nevriyyât ile zahriyyât türü şiirler ve İbn Derrâc hakkında kısa bir bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından şairin divanı baştan sona incelenmiş ve divanda geçen meyve, bitki ve ağaç isimleri hariç tutularak sadece zahriyyât türüne giren çiçek isimleri tespit edilmiştir. Böylece bu çiçeklerin farklı benzetme ve anlatımlarla şiirde işleniş amaçları ve şekilleri, herhangi bir duygunun, düşüncenin ya da durumun genel sembolik değerlerinden farklılıkları ortaya konmuştur.
Comparison transfer matrix methods and scattering matrix method for investigation the optical properties of multilayer structures
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Egorov Nikolay V. , Fedorov Arthur G. ,   M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Trofimov Vasiliy V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

This article presents an analysis of transfer matrix method (TMM) and scattering matrix method (SMM) for determining reflection and transmission coefficients of thin films. Investigated single layer structures of semiconductor materials (Si, Ge, GaAs), noble metals (Ag, Au, Cu) and multilayer structure of Si. Numeric results were getting in two diapason wavelengths: λ = 0.2067–0.8267 µm and λ = 0.2–20 µm. In this work obtained with TMM and SMM the reflection and transmission coefficient of layer structures. Numerical results of reflection coefficients of all investigation structures were exactly match with literature data. But results we got for the transmission coefficients did not match of literature data for the both of method. This mismatch is investigated, as we assume from some of normalization coefficient, corresponding a refractive index of right side of medium which we didn’t take into account.
Mathematical modeling and optimal control of energy management in microgrids with combined heat and power
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Yahya Mazen A. Q. , Golovkina Anna G. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

The production and integration of renewable energy sources into microgrid systems have recently demonstrated significant growth due to their ability to meet growing electricity needs while having minimal impact on environmental pollution. Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems, also known as trigeneration systems, are the most efficient and stable way to use energy, which has a wide range of applications. However, to increase energy efficiency and reduce overall operating costs of such systems, the development of a mathematical model and optimal control model for CCHP is required. This paper presents a review of known mathematical models and optimal control models that ensure cost reduction while meeting electricity, heating, and cooling needs. The problem of joint optimization of several efficiency criteria: electricity consumption from the grid, annual total costs, and carbon dioxide emissions is considered. The characteristics of CCHP systems obtained taking into account different exploitation strategies are compared with separate cooling, heating, and power systems.
Nonlinear impulsive Hahn — Sturm — Liouville problems on the whole line
Authors:   Khazar University, Allahverdiev Bilender P. , Tuna Huseyin ,   Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Isayev Hamlet A. ,   Khazar University
Published: January 2025

Impulsive Hahn — Sturm — Liouville problems in singular cases are discussed. The existence of solutions of such equations on the whole axis and in the case of Weyl’s limit-circle has been investigated. First, we construct the corresponding Green’s function. This boundary-value problem is thus reduced to a fixed point problem. Later, we demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the solutions to this problem by using the traditional Banach fixed point theorem. Finally, we derive an existence theorem without considering the solution’s uniqueness. We apply the well-known Schauder fixed point to obtain this result.
The Phenomenon of Arab Advertising: A Social and Cultural Perspective
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Mokrushina Amalia A.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of Arabic advertising. The study of this phenomenon gives the researcher the opportunity to analyze rich and multi-level material: from advertising we learn about the cultural and everyday characteristics of society, we can assess the political and economic course of the state, as well as the degree of its involvement in solving social problems. The language of advertising can be considered as a separate aspect, paying attention not only to the content, but also to the form. The visual component of advertising offers material for analyzing its artistic value. Arab advertising has its own characteristics, which are dictated by traditions and religious beliefs. At the same time, some Arab countries are more democratic in this matter, while others, on the contrary, subject advertising to strict censorship. Advertising aimed at the Arab market strictly prohibits the display of alcoholic beverages, gaming machines, cigarettes or drugs. The only exception is social advertising. Almost all Arab countries have restrictions on the display of nudity in advertising. In some cases, censors are forced to retouch exposed areas of the body in images that, according to Muslim traditions, should not be left exposed. Images of the traditional east are popular: desert, Bedouin, camel, etc. Sometimes marketers deliberately turn to them in advertising foreign products, wanting to overcome the consumer’s possible distrust of the product through familiar images. Well-known brands and logos are also being adapted for local consumers. As a rule, logo rework is limited to its translation into Arabic. Advertising that appeals to the Arab audience during the holy month of Ramadan, the period of fasting, deserves special attention. Advertising during the month of Ramadan actively uses the theme of universal fasting, uniting Muslims. There is one more feature of Arabic advertising related to the language situation. If until recently the use of a dialect was strictly fixed and did not go beyond the scope of everyday communication, now advertising deliberately addresses the consumer in their native dialect.
Arab Oil vs Green Agenda
Authors:   Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Roginko Sergey A. , Fazelianov Envarbik M. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the influence of the Climate Change Agenda on the policy of Arab oilproducing countries. Authors investigate transformation of the Climate Change Agenda into a mechanism used to compensate for the growing geopolitical influence of Arab oil-producing countries, including trends formed by global Climate Agreements to abandon hydrocarbon fuels and divestment in the oil industry. New types of risks generated by Climate Change Agenda for the oil industry in recent years and are analyzed, including environmental ratings for financing projects for the extraction and processing of organic fuels, developed by Western non-governmental organizations of an environmental profile and aimed at exerting pressure on financial institutions to change their credit policy in the direction of abandoning projects in the oil and gas industry. The practice of using legal instruments to influence oil and gas corporations, including lawsuits against oil and gas companies, undertaken to recognize the responsibility of the latter in the climate crisis and undermine their financial stability by imposing fines, is highlighted; this practice, which has become popular in recent years in the
jurisdictions of Western countries, acquires an openly extraterritorial character and becomes a threat to Arab oil and gas companies. Special attention is paid to such a new EU initiative as the CBAM Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, which carries obvious risks for Arab producers of oil and gas chemistry products and in the future may degenerate into a new type
of duty on mineral fuels, illegitimate from the point of view of international trade standards approved by the WTO. New moments in the policy of the Persian Gulf countries in 2022–2023 have been revealed: an attempt to promote the own version of the climate agenda and the concept of “net zero emissions”. Perspective of changing the role of Arab countries in the global Climate Change Agenda is assessed in the light of the fundamental changes in the world order that manifested themselves in 2022–2023.
“Russian Cause” in the South Caucasus at the Beginning of the 20th Century: People, Ideas and Institutions
Authors:   European University at St. Petersburg, Urushadze A. T.
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the formation and activity of institutions of public self-organization of the Russian
population of the South Caucasus at the beginning of the 20th century. The article considers the emergence and
activity of regional departments of the Society of Zealots of Russian Historical Enlightenment in memory of Emperor
Alexander III. The Tiflis and Batumi departments sought to provide assistance and support to Russian peasant
migrants. Departments tried to organize the opening of public libraries in the region. The Tiflis department
actively cooperated with other public organizations and the church. The Revolution of 1905–1907 it hampered the
work of departments and led to their closure. As a response to the revolutionary events in the South Caucasus,
new associations of the Russian population are being created. One of the most influential of them was the Patriotic
Society in Tiflis, which was headed by the famous public figure and publicist N. N. Shavrov. The Patriotic Society
took part in the elections of a deputy from the Russian population of the South Caucasus, in which a member
of the society F. F. Timoshkin won. In 1912 on the eve of the elections to the IV State Duma, political competition
began between the institutions of self-organization of the Russian population of the region, which led to mutual
discrediting and electoral failure. A Social Democrat became a deputy from the Russian population of the region.
The Chinese Soviet Studies in 21st Century. Part 1
Authors:   East China Normal University, Shen Zhihua , Kong Weiqin ,   East China Normal University
Published: January 2025

In the 21st century, due to the further declassification and publication of historical archives in Russia,
Chinese historians began to actively develop research on the history of the USSR. A large number of Russian
archival documents were translated into Chinese, and the level of research increased significantly. In the course
of more than 20 years, Chinese historians have put forward many distinctive concepts and opinions on a number
of issues, including the political and economic system of the USSR, social problems of Soviet society, the Cold
War, Sino-Soviet relations, and the collapse of the USSR, among others. At the same time, the number of young scholars was growing rapidly. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that there are also shortcomings in Chinese historiography.
For example, the lack of ‘problem consciousness’ limits many studies to specific events, people, and
descriptions of the course of events. This prevents in-depth analyses of social essence, structural relations, ideology,
and other crucial issues. Chinese historians also lack exchange and contact with the international academic
world. Currently, Chinese research on the history of the USSR is hampered by China’s closed archival policy
and the difficulty of publishing articles and monographs on the USSR. One cannot but recognize that Chinese
research has potential and its own foundation. However, Chinese scholars need to make more efforts to further
improve the scientific level. It is also important to further improve the scientific environment and conditions in
China. The first part of the paper is devoted to Chinese historiography on the internal policy of the USSR.
Mycotoxins contamination of grape wines marketed in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 2/14 Ust’inskii pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation, Sedova I.B. , Chalyy Z.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 2/14 Ust’inskii pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation, Tutelyan V.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, 2/14 Ust’inskii pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation,   Sechenov University, 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Grape wine is one of the most popular and widespread alcoholic beverages around the world. Contamination of grapes used in its preparation by mold fungi can lead to accumulation of mycotoxins that are harmful to human health. Due to their high toxicity of grape wines and potential health risks, the aim of this study was to investigate the contamination of grape wines sold in Russia with a wide range of toxins and to assess the population health risk associated with their consumption.

The concentration of 27 mycotoxins in 36 samples of grape wines was determined by high-performance liquid chroma-tography coupled to tandem mass-spectrometric detection. The list of mycotoxins included regulated ones, their derivatives and structural analogs, as well as emergent mycotoxins (Alternaria toxins, citrinin, sterigmatocistin, cyclopiazonic and mycophenolic acids, moniliformin, enniatins, beauvericin).

The resulting data indicated contamination of grape wines consumed in Russia with mycotoxins. Thirty-one percent of the samples contained toxins at relatively low levels of contamination. Aflatoxin G2, altenuene, mycophenolic acid and sterigmato-cystin were detected more often than other toxins; in some cases, zearalenone, tenuazonic acid and ochratoxin A. Red wine samples were the most contaminated with mycotoxins. Fumonisin B1, zearalenone, sterigmatocystin, altenuene and ochratoxin A were found only in imported wine samples. Several toxins were found simultaneously in four tested wine samples.

Despite a relatively low level of mycotoxin contamination of wine marketed in the Russian Federation, there is still a potential hazard of their chronic ingestion by humans. The calculated average intake of aflatoxins may reach 28 % of the reference value and the maximum intake can even exceed it. The calculated exposure of other mycotoxins detected in wine samples indicates an insignificant contribution of grape wine (up to 2.8 % of the reference value) to their intake by the Russian population.
Supporting the Supporters: The Role of Mentoring and Supervision in Healthcare
Authors: Kruszyńska Nadia , Lewicka-Rabska Agnieszka , Litaszewska Elwira
Published: January 2025

Marked by both profound rewards and significant challenges, health professions occupy a unique position in society. These careers offer a deep sense of empowerment and fulfillment, but also involve considerable stress, frustration, and personal sacrifice. Healthcare professionals—such as doctors, nurses, paramedics, and physical therapists—often work at the very limits of their mental and physical capacities, as they deal with the most difficult aspects of human life.
The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has placed additional strain on healthcare systems worldwide, exacerbating existing pressures. Alarming global statistics show an increase in suicide attempts and completed suicides among doctors (Harvey et al., 2021). Consequently, it is essential that all professionals involved in patient care and related support services possess a solid foundation of competencies, alongside access to a readily available support system. Equally critical is the promotion of self-care and attention to the psycho-physical well-being of healthcare workers.
This article explores two underutilized forms of support available to healthcare professionals: mentoring and supervision.
Trauma-Oriented Medical Care: Bridging Medicine and Psychotherapy
Authors: Kruszyńska Nadia , Kaminska Zofia
Published: January 2025

In the past decade, the issue of trauma has gained significant attention in psychological and medical research. Advances in psychophysiology, neuropsychology, and psychotherapy have greatly improved our understanding of the progression and consequences of psychological trauma. Treatment methods for trauma now boast a high success rate.
Trauma and psychotraumatology are especially critical in emergency and medical services. Recognizing the nature of trauma and applying principles of early intervention can considerably reduce its long-term negative effects (Goldstein et al., 2024). Additionally, understanding how past trauma—sometimes from long ago—affects current psychological and physical health can clarify behaviors often seen as maladaptive, such as excessive anxiety, heightened sensitivity to pain, uncontrollable anger, substance addiction, or self-harm. This insight can enhance the diagnostic and treatment process.
Trauma-informed care in medicine acts as a bridge between medical treatment and psychotherapy. Since trauma affects both the mind and the body, treatment should be grounded in a holistic view of the individual (Mikhail et al., 2018). Understanding trauma mechanisms is also crucial for preventive mental health care professionals (McKann & Pearlman, 1990).
Drug resistance in bacteria: An analysis of the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of primary care patients in areas that are key for better management of the problem
Authors: Handke Wiktoria , Karasiewicz Monika , Chawłowska Ewelina
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The growing issue of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem and requires urgent action, including at the stage of primary healthcare (PHC). Objective: The goal of the study was to assess patients’  knowledge of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and patients’ attitudes toward antibiotic therapy.
Material and method: The study, using the survey method by means of a self-developed questionnaire, was  conducted among 110 residents of the Wielkopolskie province in 2022.
Results: As many as 76.4% of the respondents had not come across information about antibiotic resistance at any PHC facility. A high percentage of the respondents believed that antibiotics are effective against influenza (60%) and the common cold (31.8%). In total, 27.3% of the study group reported taking medication that they had left over after previous therapies. Only 50.9% of the respondents properly handled expired antibiotics. At least eight out of ten  respondents had not encountered any educational campaigns on the issue. Demographic factors do not  differentiate the responses to key questions on antibiotic protection.
Conclusions: The unsatisfactory knowledge in the patient population that frequently undergoes antibiotic therapy calls for more effective health education. The role of medical personnel and conditions in which educational  campaigns are more accessible is crucial.
Expressão da Endopeptidase 24.15 nos órgãos linfóides
Authors:   , Oliveira Cayo Riketh Medeiros de
Published: January 2025

EP24.15 (endopeptidase 24.15, EC.3.4.24.15) também conhceida por thimet-oligopeptidase é uma metaloendopeptidase que está envolvida no metabolismo de neuropeptídeos, bem como na apresentação de antígenos via MHC-I e mais recentemente como um importante regulador das interações proteína/proteína. O objetivo do presente trabalho é verificar a distribuição tecidual e celular da EP24.15 nos tecidos linfóides (timo, baço e linfonodo) através da técnica de imunohistoquímica. A análise dos resultados revelou que a EP24.15 foi expressa em todos os órgãos estudados, no entanto a distribuição tecidual mostrou áreas com várias células marcadas e outras sem marcação. A distribuição citoplasmática foi mais frequente que a nucelar. O marcrófago foi o tipo celular mais frequentemente marcado. Os resultados sugerem que a enzima pode estar envolvida no metabolismo de peptídeos via MHC-I bem como na diferenciação de CTLs.
Frequência e intensidade de infecção por helmintos gastrintestinais de caprinos leiteiros criados em condições semi-extensivas no município de Afonso Bezerra - RN
Authors:   , Bezerra Adiza Cristiane Avelino
Published: January 2025

A caprinocultura se constitui em uma atividade de grande importância social e econômica para o Nordeste. No entanto, problemas sanitários representam relevante limitação para a produção de caprinos, notadamente o parasitismo gastrintestinal, devido às altas taxas de mortalidade e, principalmente, por levar à baixa produtividade dos rebanhos, decorrentes da parasitose subclínica. Dessa forma, objetivando buscar subsídio para o controle de verminose em pequenos ruminantes no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, foi realizado um levantamento epidemiológico das espécies de helmintos gastrintestinais que acometem caprinos leiteiros no município de Afonso Bezerra - RN. O estudo foi realizado em uma propriedade particular, no período de abril de 2008 a março de 2009. Para isso, foram necropsiados mensalmente três caprinos livres de nematóides gastrintestinais (traçadores) e recuperado o conteúdo do trato gastrintestinal. Este material foi levado ao Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), onde foram realizadas a recuperação, contagem e identificação dos nematóides gastrintestinais. Os resultados demonstraram que os helmintos mais frequentes encontrados foram Haemonchus contortus no abomaso (57,23%), Trichostrongylus columbriformis no intestino delgado (40,54%) e Oesophagostomum columbianum no intestino grosso (1,42%). Logo após o período chuvoso, a infecção parasitária se mostrou mais elevada, havendo diminuição gradual no período seco, seguindo a curva de precipitação pluviométrica.
The Effect of Cinnamon-Based Cookies on Blood Glucose and Antioxidant Levels of ST-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Verdini Liana , Setiawan Budi , Sulaeman Ahmad , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health concern as its global prevalence
continues to rise. Non-pharmacological treatments may offer promising results for diabetic
patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cinnamon-based cookies on blood glucose
and antioxidant levels in diabetic rats.

Methods:

A randomized block design was used, involving five groups: a non-diabetic group, a
positive control group receiving 0.6 mg/kg/day of glibenclamide, a negative control group receiving
aqua dest, a group receiving cinnamon extract cookies (0.2 g/kg), and a group receiving powdered
cinnamon cookies (0.6 g/kg). A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into
these groups (n = 8 per group). Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The intervention
lasted for 21 days, during which body weight and blood glucose levels were monitored
on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21. At the end of the intervention, the rats were sacrificed, and blood
serum was collected via intracardiac puncture. Body weight was measured using a digital scale,
while blood glucose levels were determined using a glucometer. The serum was then analyzed for
SOD, MDA, and insulin levels using the ELISA method.

Results:

The study demonstrated that both types of cinnamon cookies significantly decreased
blood glucose levels by day 3, with the cinnamon powder cookies achieving levels comparable to
those of non-diabetic rats by day 7. Additionally, both types of cookies significantly improved
SOD and insulin levels and reduced MDA levels in the rats. However, the body weight of the diabetic
rats was not fully restored.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that cinnamon could be utilized in food product development
for blood glucose control, with cinnamon powder potentially offering more favorable results.

conclusion:

These findings suggest that cinnamon could be utilized in food product development for blood glucose control, with cinnamon powder potentially offering more favorable results.
Metallic Nanostructures: An Updated Review on Synthesis, Stability, Safety, and Applications with Tremendous Multifunctional Opportunities
Authors: Nagime Pooja V , Shaikh Nishat M , Singh Sudarshan , Chandak Vaishali S , Chidrawar Vijay R , Nweye Eloise Parry
Published: January 2025

Metallic nanostructures play a vital role in technological advancement, providing exceptional
performance and improved adaptability in comparison to their bulk equivalents. Conventional
synthesis techniques frequently depend on dangerous reducing agents to transform metal ions into
Nanoparticles (NPs), which presents considerable environmental and health issues. In contrast, the
approach of green synthesis, which emphasizes the use of non-toxic reagents, has garnered significant
interest as a sustainable method for the fabrication of Metallic Nanoparticles (MNPs). This sustainable
approach utilizes biological sources, like actinomycetes, algae, fungi, polymers, crops,
waste biomass, and yeast, recognized for their excellent biocompatibility, availability, affordability,
and efficiency. Biological extracts act as reducing and stabilizing agents, with the metabolites and
enzymes present in these extracts aiding in the conversion of metal ions into nanoparticles. This review
offers an in-depth examination of different MNPs, such as copper, gold, platinum, silver, and
zinc, emphasizing their distinct characteristics and a variety of synthesis methods. The review further
explores the diverse applications of MNPs in biomimetics, agriculture, and various industrial sectors,
including energy, catalysis, and wastewater treatment, along with optical enhancement. This review
explores stability and toxicity profiles, filling a significant gap in the existing knowledge base and
providing valuable insights into the broad applicability of MNPs.
The Analysis of Women’s Decision to Work on Sandwich Generation in Indonesia
Authors: Mauri Mahesa
Published: January 2025

The Sandwich Generation refers to individuals of working age who are simultaneously responsible for raising their own children and caring for their aging parents, a dual responsibility that presents numerous challenges. This burden is particularly significant for women in Indonesia, where cultural expectations often require them to prioritize family caregiving over professional careers. Many Sandwich Generation women face difficult choices between raising their children, maintaining employment, and providing financial support for both their children and elderly parents. Using data from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) by probit regression, it is known that the responsibilities of being in the Sandwich Generationsignificantly impact women's decisions to work. This finding underscores the need for policies that support women who are balancing these dual roles, particularly in creating environments that enable them to participate in the workforce while fulfilling their caregiving duties. Implementing such policies could greatly enhance the quality of life for these women by reducing the strain of managing work and family responsibilities. Based on this research, sddressing the needs of the Sandwich Generation is crucial for fostering a more inclusive and supportive societal framework in Indonesia.
 
Abstrak
Generasi Sandwich merujuk kepada individu usia produktif yang secara bersamaan bertanggung jawab untuk membesarkan anak-anak mereka sendiri dan merawat orang tua yang sudah lanjut usia. Tanggung jawab ganda ini menciptakan berbagai tantangan bagi generasi sandwich, terutama bagi wanita Sandwich Generation yaang dihadapkan pada pilihan antara membesarkan anak atau bekerja untuk memberikan dukungan finansial baik untuk anak-anak maupun orang tua mereka yang sudah tua. Analisis data dari Survei Kehidupan Keluarga Indonesia (IFLS) tahun 2014 menggunakan regresi probit menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab sebagai bagian dari Sandwich Generation memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap keputusan wanita untuk bekerja. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya kebijakan yang mendukung wanita yang harus menyeimbangkan peran ganda ini, khususnya dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang memungkinkan mereka untuk berpartisipasi dalam angkatan kerja. Temuan yang telah ada menyiratkan bahwa perlu adanya kebijakan bagi perempuan sandwich generation yang dapat memudahkan mereka untuk bekerja guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup mereka. Memperhatikan kebutuhan wanita Sandwich Generation sangat penting untuk mendorong kerangka sosial yang lebih inklusif dan mendukung di Indonesia.
Analysis Of Economic Growth and Income Inequality Among Province in Indonesia 2018 – 2022
Authors: Agustin Rahayu Anzelina , Rachmad Kresna Sakti
Published: January 2025

The success of economic development can be characterized by an increase in economic growth and equitable development. However, in reality, the increase in economic growth is not necessarily followed by equity. This is evidenced by the persistence of inequality in several aspects related to development between regions in Indonesia. One of them is income inequality by calculating the Williamson Index which shows an upward trend from 2018 - 2022. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a more in-depth research related to the causality between economic growth and income inequality, as well as the factors that influence these two aspects in the period 2018 - 2022. This study applies a simultaneous equation model through the use of the Inderect Least square (ILS) method. The results of the analysis show that (1) income inequality and IP-ICT have a significant negative effect on economic growth. (2) TPAK and PMTB significantly affect economic growth in a positive direction. (3) Income inequality is significantly positively affected by economic growth. (4) Total population, TPAK, and IP-ICT have a significant negative effect on income inequality. (5) There is a unidirectional causality from economic growth to income inequality.
 
Abstrak
Keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi dapat ditandai oleh kenaikan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pemerataan pembangunan. Namun, kenyataannya kenaikan pertumbuhan ekonomi belum tentu diikuti oleh pemerataan. Hal ini terbukti dengan masih adanya ketimpangan dalam beberapa aspek terkait dengan pembangunan antar wilayah di Indonesia. Salah satunya adalah ketimpangan pendapatan melalui perhitungan Indeks Williamson yang menunjukkan kecenderungan kenaikan dari tahun 2018 – 2022. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian secara lebih mendalam terkait dengan kausalitas antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketimpangan pendapatan, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kedua aspek tresebut pada periode 2018 – 2022. Penelitian ini menerapkan model persamaan simultan melalui penggunaan metode Inderect Least Square (ILS). Hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan,  menunjukkan bahwa (1) ketimpangan pendapatan dan IP-TIK berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. (2) TPAK dan PMTB mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi ke arah positif secara signifikan. (3) Ketimpangan pendapatan secara signifikan positif dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan ekonomi. (4) Jumlah penduduk, TPAK, dan IP-TIK berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. (5) Terdapat hubungan satu arah (unidirectional causality) dari pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan.
Work Force Absorption on the Verge of Demographic Bonus Era at the Special Capital Region of Jakarta
Authors: Sabrina Mutmainah
Published: January 2025

As Indonesia's largest economic hub, DKI Jakarta plays a crucial role in national growth, reflected in its high Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and workforce absorption in sectors such as trade, transportation, and communications. However, Jakarta's appeal as an economic center with high minimum wages leads to intense competition in the labor market. The Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) has fluctuated, highlighting the challenges in creating adequate employment opportunities. Additionally, Jakarta faces the demographic bonus phenomenon, with a growing productive-age population dominated by millennials and Gen Z. This demographic bonus presents opportunities for economic growth, but it requires strategies to enhance the quality of human resources to ensure optimal employment absorption and maximize the region's economic potential
Jakość opieki pielęgniarskiej w świetle opinii opiekunów noworodków przebywających w oddziale neonatologii
Authors: Kochman Dorota , Jendrzejewska Aleksandra Angelika
Published: January 2025

Wstęp. Podnoszenie poziomu swojej wiedzy i umiejętności jest wpisane w zawód pielęgniarki i położnej. Warto zatem skupić się na badaniu jakości opieki, poznać opinię pacjentów. Dzięki temu personel medyczny będzie w stanie doskonalić jakość świadczonych usług.
Cel. Celem pracy jest analiza poziomu jakości opieki pielęgniarskiej świadczonej wobec noworodków hospitalizowanych w oddziale neonatologicznym oraz ich opiekunów.
Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono wśród opiekunów noworodków przebywających w oddziale neonatologii Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego im. Bł. Księdza Jerzego Popiełuszki we Włocławku, odnośnie jakości życia opieki pielęgniarskiej świadczonej w wyżej wymienionym oddziale. Przed rozpoczęciem badań uzyskano zgodę komisji bioetycznej. Za pomocą metody sondażu diagnostycznego, przy użyciu ankiet własnego autorstwa badano jakość opieki pielęgniarskiej. Procedurę badawczą przygotowano również przy użyciu II części skali zadowolenia Newcastle. Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 100 osób.
Wyniki. Za pomocą wymienionych powyżej narzędzi badawczych wykazano, że wiek oraz miejsce zamieszkania opiekuna nie wpływa na jego opinię odnośnie jakości opieki pielęgniarskiej. Ponad to kluczowe znaczenie w ocenie jakości opieki ma dla opiekunów noworodków okazywanie ze strony personelu empatii i zainteresowania zarówno dzieckiem jak i jego opiekunem.
Wnioski. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdzają, iż opiekunowie noworodków pozytywnie oceniają jakość opieki w oddziale neonatologii (średnia 81,48), jeśli personel medyczny będzie zapewniał skuteczną komunikację, opiekę opartą na dowodach naukowych oraz wykazywał empatię i zrozumienie zarówno wobec noworodka jak i jego opiekunów.