bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation of thermal scattering files with the CINEL code
Authors: Xu Shuqi , Noguere Gilles
Published: June 2022

The CINEL code dedicated to generate the thermal neutron scattering files in ENDF-6 format for solid crystalline, free gas materials and liquid water is presented. Compared to the LEAPR module of the NJOY code, CINEL is able to calculate the coherent and incoherent elastic scattering cross sections for any solid crystalline materials. Specific material properties such as anharmonicity and texture can be taken into account in CINEL. The calculation of the thermal scattering laws can be accelerated by using graphics processing unit (GPU), which enables to remove the short collision time approximation for large values of momentum transfer. CINEL is able to generate automatically the grids of dimensionless momentum and energy transfers. The Sampling the Velocity of the Target nucleus (SVT) algorithm capable of determining the scattered neutron distributions is implemented in CINEL. The obtained distributions for free target nuclei such as hydrogen and oxygen are in good agreement with analytical results and Monte-Carlo simulations when incident neutron energies are above a few eV. The introduction of the effective temperature and the rejection step to the SVT algorithm shows improvements to the neutron up-scattering treatment of hydrogen bound in liquid water.
Dual channel supply chain inventory policies for controllable deteriorating items having dynamic demand under trade credit policy with default risk
Authors: Choudhury Mukunda , Mahata Gour Chandra
Published: June 2022

Presently in the commercial environment, because of the high level of market globalization and rapid increase in industrialization, supply chain synchronization is playing an increasingly significant role in the proper management of the whole system including several factors at the same time. In real business world, both manufacturer and retailer accept credit to make their business position strong, as credit not only strengthens their business relationships but also increases the scale of their profits. The long period of credit may increase the demand ratebut simultaneously it can also increase the credit risk. We investigate a two-layer supply chain model under dynamic demand with a manufacturer and a retailer maintaining decaying items with controllable deterioration rates under two levels of trade credit policies. For the time of trade credit granted to the retailer, the manufacturer bears opportunity costs. To promote sales and optimize sales volume, both supply chain participants give trade credit periods to downstream members and due to the credit period, both of them are facing default risk. Both members work together to invest in preservation technologies to abate the rate of degradation. The proposed models are developed for both the centralized and the decentralized scenarios. A closed form model having profit maximization problem is developed for both the centralized and the decentralized scenarios. The focus of this study is to obtain the optimal selling price, replenishment cycle time, preservation technology cost, upstream and downstream trade credit period to optimize supply chain profit. The paper’s novelty lies in introducing two level trade credit with default risk considering decaying items with controllable deterioration and price and credit sensitive customer’s demand in a dual channel supply chain inventory policy. It is found that joint supply chain model can be able to enhance the total profit of the whole supply chain. Lastly, sensitivity analysis highlights the influence of major model parameters using numerical examples.
Personalisierte Resektionsverfahren bei neuroendokrinen Neoplasien des Pankreas
Authors: Bösch Florian , Ghadimi Michael , Angele Martin K.
Published: June 2022

Neuroendokrine Neoplasien des Pankreas (pNEN) haben eine steigende Inzidenz und erhalten klinisch dadurch eine immer höhere Relevanz. Neben den hormonell inaktiven pNEN gibt es die
hormonproduzierenden Tumoren, und sowohl die inaktiven als auch die aktiven pNEN können entweder sporadisch oder hereditär vorkommen. Die Behandlung orientiert sich an tumorassoziierten
Faktoren, aber auch an individuellen patienteneigenen Gegebenheiten. Für die Behandlung sind individuelle maßgeschneiderte Konzepte notwendig, welche die jeweiligen Faktoren und
Gegebenheiten berücksichtigen.
Hyperacute in-Stent Thrombosis Causing Large Vessel Occlusion after Stent-Assisted Aneurysm Coiling Secondary to Complete Clopidogrel and Prasugrel Resistance: a Case Report
Authors: Xian Elissa , Morrison Thomas , Wong Johnny
Published: June 2022

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is standard treatment for endoluminal stent insertion, and complete resistance to DAPT is rare. A case of in-stent thrombosis occurring 3 hours after stent-assisted coiling of internal carotid artery aneurysm is presented despite compliance with DAPT. Platelet function tests (PFTs) revealed complete clopidogrel and prasugrel resistance.
Audiological Findings in Children with PLA2G6-Associated Neurodegeneration
Authors: Vandana Valiyaparambath Purushothaman , Darshini Jeevendra Kumar , Sankaran Bindu Parayil
Published: June 2022

Abstract Background Audiological manifestations of patients with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration are limited. Objective To analyze the audiological findings in a cohort of 13 children with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD). Method Patients
underwent a battery of audiological tests including tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, impedance audiometry, and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs). Results Audiological studies of 13 children indicated sensorineural hearing loss in six children
and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in four children. Conclusion This study may extend the auditory findings for INAD. Additional studies on quality of life and cognitive-brain degeneration related to this disease are required before making appropriate recommendations
for aural rehabilitation.
Clinical Trial Combining Botulinum Toxin A Injection and Fissurectomy for Chronic Anal Fissure: A Dose-Dependent Study
Authors: Alsaleh Nuha , Aljunaydil Abdullah I. , Aljamili Gaida A.
Published: June 2022

Background Anal fissure is a common surgical disease that is usually treated conservatively. The golden surgical treatment for anal fissure is lateral internal sphincterotomy, but it may result in multiple complications. Therefore, other treatment methods have recently been introduced, and one of them is the injection of botulinum toxin A (BTA) and fissurectomy. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of fissurectomy and BTA injection in the treatment of chronic anal fissure by single surgeon.

Materials and Methods The present is a non-randomized prospective cohort study conducted by a single surgeon in Saudi Arabia. Our sample was composed of 116 female patients, with mean age of 36.57 ±  11.52 years, who presented to our Surgical Outpatient Clinic with chronic anal fissure between October 2015 and July 2020, and were treated with BTA injection combined with fissurectomy. They were followed up for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks, and after one year to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the treatment. The main outcomes analyzed were symptomatic relief, complications, recurrence, and the need for further surgical intervention.

Results The treatment with BTA injection combined with fissurectomy was effective and safe in 115 patients (99.1%) at 1 year of follow-up. A total of 5 patients experienced recurrence at 8 weeks, which resolved completely with pharmacological sphincterotomy, and 12 patients experienced minor incontinence, which disappeared later.

Conclusion In total, 70 units of BTA injection combined with fissurectomy is a suitable second-line treatment of choice for chronic anal fissure, with a high degree of success and a low rate of major morbidity.
Gallium nitride phononic integrated circuits platform for GHz frequency acoustic wave devices
Authors: Bicer Mahmut , Valle Stefano , Brown Jacob , Kuball Martin , C. Balram Krishna
Published: June 2022

Strong transverse confinement of high-frequency sound and low-loss routing in on-chip waveguides will bring new degrees of freedom to manipulate GHz frequency acoustic waves, analogous to the change brought forth by silicon integrated photonics to the routing and manipulation of light on a chip. Here, we demonstrate that high frequency (>3 GHz) sound can be efficiently guided in μm-scale gallium nitride (GaN) waveguides and ring resonators by exploiting the strong velocity contrast available in the GaN on silicon carbide (SiC) platform. Given the established use of GaN devices in RF amplifiers, our work opens up the possibility of building RF devices with tight integration between the active and passive components on the same die.
Estimation of the convolutional neural network with attention mechanism and transfer learning on wood knot defect classification
Authors: Gao Mingyu , Wang Fei , Liu Junyan , Song Peng , Chen Jianfeng , Yang Hong , Mu Hongbo , Qi Dawei , Chen Mingjun , Wang Yang , Yue Honghao
Published: June 2022

In the intelligent production process of wood products, the classification system of wood knot defects is a very practical solution. However, traditional image processing methods cannot handle it well due to the uncertainty of manually extracted features. Therefore, a lightweight and reliable artificial neural network model is proposed to classify and identify our objective. To solve this problem, a wood knot defect recognition model named SE-ResNet18 combining convolutional neural network, attention mechanism, and transfer learning is proposed in this paper. First, the Sequence-and-Exception (SE) module is combined with Basicblock and is constructed as two modules called RBBSE-1 and RBBSE-2. These modules learn to enhance features that are useful for the current task, suppress useless features, and fuse the output features with the original features. Then, the fully connected layer is replaced with a global average pooling layer, which can effectively reduce the parameters of the fully connected layer in the model. Finally, a SE-ResNet18 was constructed by one convolutional layer, five RBBSE-1 modules, and three RBBSE-2 modules of different channels. The SE-ResNet18 has a higher accuracy (98.85%) in the test set compared to the unimproved model ResNet-18. Compared with the previously proposed ReSENet-18, more SE modules are used in SE-ResNet18 to provide a basis for future training on a larger-scale dataset. Based on the same test set, a comparison with other classical models (such as LeNet-5, AlexNet, etc.) was conducted, and the results validated the superiority of the proposed model. The proposed model achieves the expected objective and provides a new way of thinking for non-destructive testing of wood.
Bose enhancement of excitation-energy transfer with molecular-exciton-polariton condensates
Authors: Phuc Nguyen Thanh
Published: June 2022

Room-temperature Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) of exciton polaritons have been realized in organic molecular systems owing to strong light–matter interaction, strong exciton binding energy, and low effective mass of a polaritonic particle. These molecular-exciton-polariton BECs have demonstrated their potential in nonlinear optics and optoelectronic applications. In this study, we first demonstrate that molecular-polariton BECs can be utilized for Bose enhancement of excitation-energy transfer (EET) in a molecular system with an exciton donor coupled to a group of exciton acceptors that are further strongly coupled to a single mode of an optical cavity. Similar to the stimulated emission of light in which photons are bosonic particles, a greater rate of EET is observed if the group of acceptors is prepared in the exciton-polariton BEC state than if the acceptors are initially either in their electronic ground states or in a normal excited state with an equal average number of molecular excitations. The Bose enhancement also manifests itself as the growth of the EET rate with an increasing number of exciton polaritons in the BEC. Finally, a generalization to the EET in many-donor-many-acceptor molecular systems is considered, and a permutation-symmetry-based approach to suppress the EET to the huge manifold of dark states in the acceptor group is proposed to facilitate the Bose-enhanced EET to the polariton BEC.
Turbulent transport regimes in the tokamak boundary and operational limits
Authors: Giacomin M. , Ricci P.
Published: June 2022

Two-fluid, three-dimensional, flux-driven, global, electromagnetic turbulence simulations carried out by using the GBS (Global Braginskii Solver) code are used to identify the main parameters controlling turbulent transport in the tokamak boundary and to delineate an electromagnetic phase space of edge turbulence. Four turbulent transport regimes are identified: (i) a regime of fully developed turbulence appearing at intermediate values of collisionality and β, with turbulence driven by resistive ballooning modes, related to the L-mode operation of tokamaks, (ii) a regime of reduced turbulent transport at low collisionality and large heat source, with turbulence driven by drift-waves, related to a high-density H-mode regime, (iii) a regime of extremely large turbulent transport at high collisionality, which is associated with the crossing of the density limit, and (iv) a regime above the ideal ballooning limit at high β, with global modes affecting the dynamics of the entire confined region, which can be associated with the crossing of the β limit. The transition from the reduced to the developed turbulent transport regime is associated here with the H-mode density limit, and an analytical scaling law for maximum edge density achievable in H-mode is obtained. Analogously, analytical scaling laws for the crossing of the L-mode density and β limits are provided and compared to the results of GBS simulations.
On the characteristic features of ionization in QED environments
Authors: Riso Rosario R. , Haugland Tor S. , Ronca Enrico , Koch Henrik
Published: June 2022

The ionization of molecular systems is important in many chemical processes, such as electron transfer and hot electron injection. Strong coupling between molecules and quantized fields (e.g., inside optical cavities) represents a new promising way to modify molecular properties in a non-invasive way. Recently, strong light–matter coupling has shown the potential to significantly improve the rates of hot electron driven processes, for instance, in water splitting. In this paper, we demonstrate that inside an optical cavity, the residual interaction between an outgoing free electron and the vacuum field is significant. We further show that since the quantized field is also interacting with the ionized molecule, the free electron and the molecular system are correlated. We develop a theoretical framework to account for the field induced correlation and show that the interaction between the free electron and the field, free electron–field interaction, has sizable effects on the ionization potential of typical organic molecules.
Control of the Walker breakdown by periodical magnetic wire-width modulation
Authors: Lozhkina Olga , Reeve Robert M. , Frömter Robert , Kläui Mathias
Published: June 2022

Suppression of the Walker breakdown in confined wires is key to improving the operation and reliability of magnetic domain-wall-based devices, including logic, memory, and sensor applications. Here, via micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate that periodical wire-width modulation with suitable geometric parameters can fully suppress the Walker breakdown of a field-driven domain wall, conserving its spin structure in the whole operating field range of a device. Key differences in the efficacy of the wire-width modulation are observed for wires with different widths and thicknesses such that different domain wall states are energetically stable. In particular, the approach is found to be effective in expanding the field-operating window of a device in the case of smaller wire widths and thicknesses (below 150 nm wide and 15 nm thick), whereas in larger wires, the advantages from the suppression in the Walker breakdown are counteracted by the increase in domain wall pinning and the reduction in the nucleation field for new domain walls. Simulations on intersecting magnetic wires prove the importance of suppression of the Walker breakdown. Since the domain wall behavior is chirality dependent, introducing periodical wire-width modulation conserves the spin structure, thus reducing stochasticity of the domain wall propagation.
Observing particle energization above the Nyquist frequency: An application of the field-particle correlation technique
Authors: Horvath Sarah A. , Howes Gregory G. , McCubbin Andrew J.
Published: June 2022

The field-particle correlation technique utilizes single-point measurements to uncover signatures of various particle energization mechanisms in turbulent space plasmas. The signature of Landau damping by electrons has been found in both simulations and in situ data from Earth's magnetosheath using this technique, but instrumental limitations of spacecraft sampling rates present a challenge to discovering the full extent of the presence of Landau damping in the solar wind. Theory predicts that field-particle correlations can recover velocity space energization signatures even from data that is undersampled with respect to the characteristic frequencies at which the wave damping occurs. To test this hypothesis, we perform a high-resolution gyrokinetic simulation of space plasma turbulence, confirm that it contains signatures of electron Landau damping, and then systematically reduce the time resolution of the data to identify the point at which the signatures become impossible to recover. We find results in support of our theoretical prediction and look for a rule of thumb that can be compared with the measurement capabilities of spacecraft missions to inform the process of applying field-particle correlations to low time resolution data.
Microplastic pollution assessment with digital holography and zero-shot learning
Authors: Zhu Yanmin , Lo Hau Kwan Abby , Yeung Chok Hang , Lam Edmund Y.
Published: June 2022

Microplastic (MP) pollution poses severe environmental problems. Developing effective imaging tools for the identification and analysis of MPs is a critical step to curtail their proliferation. Digital holographic imaging can record the morphological and refractive index information of such small plastic fragments, yet due to the heterogeneous sampling environments and variations in the MP shapes, traditional supervised learning methods are of limited use. In this work, we pioneer a zero-shot learning method that combines the holographic images with their semantic attributes to identify the MPs in heterogeneous samples, even if they have not appeared in the training dataset. It makes use of the attention mechanism for image feature extraction and the Kullback–Leibler divergence both to alleviate the domain shift problem and to guide the training of the mapping function. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and the potential use in a wide variety of environmental pollution assessments.
Inkjet-printed TMDC–graphene heterostructures for flexible and broadband photodetectors
Authors: Wan Xi , Gao Mingliang , Xu Shijia , Huang Tianhao , Duan Yaoyu , Chen EnZi , Chen Kun , Zeng Xiaoliang , Xie Weiguang , Gu Xiaofeng
Published: June 2022

The development of inkjet-printed 2D crystal inks offers the ability to print different 2D materials on various substrates to form vertical heterostructures. However, the detailed characterization of the atomic structures of the inkjet-printed MoTe2 nanosheets has been rarely reported. In this work, water-based 2D crystal inks of MoTe2, WS2, and graphene have been prepared and printed to obtain the flexible photodetectors. The absorption coefficient of MoTe2 has been estimated as α (500 nm) = 925 ± 47 lg−1 m−1 using the gravimetric method. Intriguingly, the inkjet-printed MoTe2 nanosheets down to 4 nm show both the semiconducting 2H and metallic 1T′ phases. The responsivities of the photodetectors based on MoTe2/graphene and WS2/graphene heterostructures can reach 120 mA/W and 2.5 A/W at 532 nm, respectively. Moreover, the inkjet-printed MoTe2/graphene shows a responsivity of 7.7 mA/W at 940 nm. The fabrication technique of inkjet printing will help design flexible optoelectronic devices based transition metal dichalcogenide–graphene heterostructures for the near-infrared photo detection.
Disordered quenching in arrays of coupled Bautin oscillators
Authors: Emelianova Anastasiia A. , Maslennikov Oleg V. , Nekorkin Vladimir I.
Published: June 2022

In this work, we study the phenomenon of disordered quenching in arrays of coupled Bautin oscillators, which are the normal form for bifurcation in the vicinity of the equilibrium point when the first Lyapunov coefficient vanishes and the second one is nonzero. For particular parameter values, the Bautin oscillator is in a bistable regime with two attractors—the equilibrium and the limit cycle—whose basins are separated by the unstable limit cycle. We consider arrays of coupled Bautin oscillators and study how they become quenched with increasing coupling strength. We analytically show the existence and stability of the dynamical regimes with amplitude disorder in a ring of coupled Bautin oscillators with identical natural frequencies. Next, we numerically provide evidence that disordered oscillation quenching holds for rings as well as chains with nonidentical natural frequencies and study the characteristics of this effect.
Anomalous rheological aging of a model thermoreversible colloidal gel following a thermal quench
Authors: Suman Khushboo , Wagner Norman J.
Published: June 2022

We investigate the aging behavior in a well-studied model system comprised of a colloidal suspension of thermoreversible adhesive hard spheres (AHS) but thermally quenched below the gel transition to much larger depths than previously studied. The aging behavior in the model AHS system is monitored by small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology measurements conducted while rapidly quenching from the liquid state at 40 °C to a temperature below the gel temperature, and new, anomalous aging behaviors are observed. Shallow quenches lead to monotonic development of the elastic modulus with time, consistent with prior reports for the development of a homogeneous gel [Gordon et al., J. Rheol. 61, 23–34 (2017)]. However, for deeper quenches, a unique and new phenomenon is reported, namely, after an initial rise in the modulus, a reproducible drop in the modulus is observed, followed by a plateau in the modulus value. This drop can be gradual or sudden and the extent of the drop depends on the quench depth. After this drop in the modulus, AHS gel evolves toward a quench-path independent state over the experimental timescale. These effects of the extent of quenching on aging behavior are hypothesized to be a consequence of quenching into different underlying thermodynamic states of colloidal gels and the possible influence of the adhesive glass dynamical arrest for the deepest quenches. The research connects homogeneous gelation with heterogeneous gel formation due to phase separation and shows that the extent of quench can be used as an independent parameter to govern the rheological response of the arrested gel.
Steep-slope Schottky diode with cold metal source
Authors: Shin Wongil , Myeong Gyuho , Sung Kyunghwan , Kim Seungho , Lim Hongsik , Kim Boram , Jin Taehyeok , Park Jihoon , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Liu Fei , Cho Sungjae
Published: June 2022

Today's circuit technology requires low-power transistors and diodes to extend Moore's law. While research has been focused on reducing power consumption of transistors, low-power diodes have not been widely studied. Here, we report a low-power, thus steep-slope Schottky diode, with a “cold metal” source. The Schottky barrier between metal electrode and bulk MoS2 enabled the diode behavior, and the steep-slope diode IV curve originated from the change in the density of states of a graphite (cold metal) source with a bias voltage. The MoS2 Schottky diode with a cold metal exhibits an ideality factor (η) < 1 for more than four decades of drain current with a sizable rectifying ratio (108). The realization of a steep-slope Schottky diode paves the way to the improvement in low-power circuit technology.
Noninvasive photoluminescence imaging of silicon PV modules in daylight
Authors: Vuković M. , Jakovljević M. , S. Flø A. , Olsen E. , Burud I.
Published: June 2022

Outdoor photoluminescence imaging on field-deployed solar cell modules has been conducted to an increasing extent in recent years. Photoluminescence images provide more details about defects than thermal infrared images, while the imaging procedure has the potential to be faster than electroluminescence imaging because it does not require electrical connection to the modules. However, when conducted with sunlight excitation, it is based on lock-in technique, which implies switching between the modules' two operating points. This often results in the need to connect additional electrical equipment dimensioned for the task and leads to production disruption for the investigated modules. The present study demonstrates image acquisition based on the string inverter's ability to sweep the IV curve. The advantage of this approach is twofold. This is a noninvasive method, which only requires imaging apparatus and, therefore, allows for a flexible imaging procedure on the string, module, or cell level without having to take into account additional equipment. Furthermore, photoluminescence images spanning the whole IV curve can be obtained during one sweep, as opposed to obtaining images in two operating points when using lock-in technique. Such image series can be used to investigate the state of the cells and modules by looking at the photoluminescence images acquired on different current extraction levels. This has been done for a healthy string and a broken module.
Ross Henry Day 1927–2018
Authors: Coltheart Max , Wade Nicholas J.
Published: June 2022

Ross Henry Day was an Australian experimental psychologist well known for his research on visual illusions and for his critical role in the establishment of experimental psychology in Australia. This role began with his creation of Australia’s first department of experimental psychology at Monash University in 1965. He also played a leading role in the formation of the Australian Psychological Society in 1966, and in the introduction to Australia of the study of human factors in engineering and ergonomics. He was the first psychologist to be elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science.
Survey on the use of general practice telehealth services for children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ramanathan Ashwin , Ramanathan Paddy , Saha Amit
Published: June 2022

In 2020, the Australian Government introduced temporary Medicare Benefits Schedule item numbers for GP telehealth consultations to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient satisfaction has been positive; however, the paediatric cohort has not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to explore the rates of satisfaction of paediatric patients undergoing telehealth compared with standard consultations, as well as looking at any barriers faced. We developed and distributed an online survey to eligible patients (or their guardian) aged 0–17 years who underwent a general practice telehealth consultation between March 2020 and May 2020 at 12 participating medical centres in Perth. We received 68 total responses with 35 deemed complete. The mean (s.d.) age of participants was 8.22 (5.34) years. A total of 88.2% of participants indicated that the level of care provided via telehealth was equal to or better than a standard consultation. A total of 70.6% of patients reported no barriers faced, with the most common barrier being lack of examination (20.6%). This study describes high public satisfaction with telehealth GP consultations for paediatric patients, with a good level of patient outcomes and minimal barriers. There may be benefit to widespread and ongoing use of telehealth consultations for the paediatric population and the extension of the temporary Medicare Benefits Schedule items.
Mechanism of voltage sensing in Ca
2+
- and voltage-activated K
+
(BK) channels
Authors: Carrasquel-Ursulaez Willy , Segura Ignacio , Díaz-Franulic Ignacio , Márquez-Miranda Valeria , Echeverría Felipe , Lorenzo-Ceballos Yenisleidy , Espinoza Nicolás , Rojas Maximiliano , Garate Jose Antonio , Perozo Eduardo , Alvarez Osvaldo , Gonzalez-Nilo Fernando D. , Latorre Ramón
Published: June 2022

In neurosecretion, allosteric communication between voltage sensors and Ca
2+
binding in BK channels is crucially involved in damping excitatory stimuli. Nevertheless, the voltage-sensing mechanism of BK channels is still under debate. Here, based on gating current measurements, we demonstrate that two arginines in the transmembrane segment S4 (R210 and R213) function as the BK gating charges. Significantly, the energy landscape of the gating particles is electrostatically tuned by a network of salt bridges contained in the voltage sensor domain (VSD). Molecular dynamics simulations and proton transport experiments in the hyperpolarization-activated R210H mutant suggest that the electric field drops off within a narrow septum whose boundaries are defined by the gating charges. Unlike Kv channels, the charge movement in BK appears to be limited to a small displacement of the guanidinium moieties of R210 and R213, without significant movement of the S4.
Tone-fidelity for enrichment – Herder’s translation theory and practices
Authors: Pang Wenwei , Zhao Jiafeng
Published: June 2022

The famous German thinker Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803) has insightful thought of translation. According to
Herder’s exposition of the historicity of human language, the German language is in the adult phase. It can be enriched by
translating from more sensuous languages. In order to achieve the enrichment, Herder advocates an accommodating translation
approach with tone-fidelity. The translator must catch the tone of the original and be able to enable the tone-fidelity when
translating. Herder’s folk song collections are regarded as one of his great translations. An important part of them is the
translation practices of Shakespeare’s plays. Through the translation with faithfulness to the tone, Herder tries to enrich the
German language and literature, which is why he is regarded as a brilliant innovator and initiator of literary translation.
The effects of different narrative structures in public service announcements on transportation and counterarguing
Authors: Siegenthaler Perina , Fahr Andreas , Ort Alexander
Published: June 2022

Narratives are an effective way of presenting persuasive health communication because audience members can be transported into the story plot, which is shown to reduce various types of resistance. Using a laboratory experiment (N = 144), this study examined the effects of different narrative structures on transportation and counterarguing. Results suggest that a narrative presenting events in chronological order increases transportation in the case of people who are not affected by the health issue addressed in the communication, and that transportation reduces counterarguing. The study also found that such narratives increase counterarguing in general.
Logarithmic Quantum Time Crystal
Authors: Xue Haipeng , Kong Lingchii , Wu Biao
Published: June 2022

We investigate a time-independent many-boson system, whose ground states are quasi-degenerate and become infinitely degenerate in the thermodynamic limit. Out of these quasi-degenerate ground states we construct a quantum state that evolves in time with a period that is logarithmically proportional to the number of particles, that is, T ∼ log N. This boson system in such a state is a quantum time crystal as it approaches the ground state in the thermodynamic limit. The logarithmic dependence of its period on the total particle number N makes it observable experimentally even for systems with very large number of particles. Possible experimental proposals are discussed.
Field-free reliable magnetization switching in a three-terminal perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction via spin-orbit torque, spin-transfer torque, and voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Yoshida Chikako , Tanaka Tomohiro , Ataka Tadashi , Hoshina Minoru , Furuya Atsushi
Published: June 2022

Magnetic field-free switching of a three-terminal perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction driven by spin-orbit torque (SOT) and spin-transfer torque (STT) in the presence of a voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) effect was investigated using micromagnetic simulation at 300 K. The VCMA effect assists or hinders magnetization switching depending on the polarity of the applied voltage. Thus, the impact of these effects on switching probabilities was evaluated using two write voltage pulses (V
SOT, V
STT). By optimizing the configuration of these voltage pulses, we demonstrated 100 successful switchings out of 100 trials within 3.2 ns under a limit voltage of 1.0 V. In addition, the write power consumption for SOT-STT writing with optimal pulse configurations was found to be one order of magnitude lower than that of STT-alone writing. We also found that the SOT-STT writing has the great potential in practical use compared with the external magnetic field assisted SOT-writing. Field-free, reliable, and deterministic SOT-STT switching with low power consumption offers significant advantages for embedded memory applications.
Spin–orbit configuration interaction study of spectral properties of PbO
Authors: Ramirez Gerardo , Sunga Felizsa , Tilson Jeffrey L , Ermler Walter C
Published: June 2022

Relativistic calculations of the structural and spectral properties of the PbO molecule can provide fundamental information about the importance of a proper treatment of angular momentum coupling among electrons in order to achieve accurate computational results for spectral properties. Specifically, the nature of these couplings in PbO is expected to be intermediate between the LS- and jj-coupling limits because of its light/heavy element composition. This article reports potential energy curves, transition energies, electric dipole transition moments, permanent dipole moments and spectroscopic constants of PbO calculated using a multireference single plus double excitations spin–orbit configuration interaction approach in the context of relativistic effective core potentials and their concomitant spin–orbit coupling operators. The calculated results are in general agreement with both available experimental results as well as earlier calculations. New values for properties of excited states are also reported. It is noteworthy that certain properties show larger deviations from previous calculations. These deviations are attributed to direct and indirect relativistic effects resulting from diatomic electron–electron angular momentum coupling effects, which are included consistently in the calculations reported herein.
A software-based approach for calculating spatially resolved radiation exposure for structural radiation protection in nuclear medical imaging
Authors: Schwan Stefan , Khezami Arbia , Hohnholz Janina , Lerche Christoph , Shah N Jon
Published: June 2022

The objective of the work described is the development of a software tool to provide the calculation routines for structural radiation protection from positron and gamma emitters, for example, 18F. The calculation of the generated local annual dose in the vicinity of these radioactive sources supports the engineering of structural measures necessary to meet regulatory guidelines. In addition to accuracy and precision, a visual and intuitive presentation of the calculation results enables fast evaluation. Finally, the calculated results are presented in a contour plot for design, evaluation, and documentation purposes. A python program was used to provide the calculation routines for structural radiation protection. For simplicity, the radiating sources can be considered as point sources. The attenuation of structural elements can be specified or, in the case of lead, calculated by virtue of its thickness. The calculated attenuation for the lead shielding is always slightly underestimated, which leads to a marginally higher calculated local dose rate than would be physically present. With the conservatively determined value, the structural radiation protection can be optimised in accordance with the general rule of as low as reasonably achievable. The pointwise comparison between the software results and the standard procedure for calculating the dose of points in space leads to similar values. In comparison with the general approach of calculating single representative points in the radiation protection area, the visual and intuitive presentation of the results supports the design and documentation of the measures required for structural radiation protection. In the present version of the software, the local dose rate and local annual dose are overestimated by a maximum of 4.5% in the case of lead shields. The proposed software, termed RadSoft, was successfully used to develop the structural radiation protection of a controlled area for hybrid magnetic resonance - positron emission tomography imaging, with the focus herein being on the requirements for PET.
Calibration of multicomponent force and moment transducers using uniaxial force standard machines integrated with tilted plates
Authors: Prato Andrea , Borgiattino Davide , Facello Alessio , Mazzoleni Fabrizio , Germak Alessandro
Published: June 2022

Traceability of multicomponent force and moment transducers (MCFMTs) is a metrological priority as stated within the document of future strategy 2017–2027 of the Consultative Committee of Mass and Related Quantities of Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). In this paper, a calibration system using force standard machines (FSMs) integrated with tilted plates is described. The main advantage of this method is the possibility to apply force and moment components using existing uniaxial FSMs without the necessity to modify them or to develop specific ones. On the other hand, force and moment components cannot be fully independently applied. Expanded uncertainties of the applied side forces and moments are in the order of around 5%, acceptable for several industrial applications. A procedure for the calibration and the uncertainty assessment of MCFMTs is also provided. Calibration results, in terms of main and cross-talk sensitivities, of a six-components transducer are shown. This method is easily implementable and can be adopted to improve the current standard.
Correlation clustering for robust gas recognition under mixed interference
Authors: Yang Mingzhi , Peng Cheng , Li Xiangyu , Zheng Yangong
Published: June 2022

Gas recognition by electronic noses under mixed interference is a challenging problem. We propose correlation analysis for robust gas recognition by calculating the similarity of signals between target gases and mixtures. The gas sensing datasets were clustered according to the values of correlation coefficients with the target gases. The correlation analysis outperformed neural networks and other clustering algorithms on robust gas recognition under mixed interference. The correlation analysis maintained 100% accuracy even with a response change of about 40% up to an interference ratio of 13%. The excellent performance of correlation analysis can be ascribed to its powerful capacity for measuring the similarity between signals via relative variation. Correlation analysis is suggested to be a robust clustering algorithm for gas recognition.
Structural damage detection based on decision-level fusion with multi-vibration signals
Authors: Zhang Jiqiao , Jin Zihan , Teng Shuai , Chen Gongfa , Bassir David
Published: June 2022

When a structure is damaged, its vibration signals change. If a single vibration signal is used for structural damage detection (SDD), it may sometimes lead to low detection accuracy. To avoid this phenomenon, this paper presents a SDD method based on decision-level fusion (DLF) with multi-vibration signals. In this study, acceleration (ACC), strain (E), displacement (DIS), and the fusion signal of all three of these signals (ACC, E and DIS), are studied. The damage information can be extracted from the vibration signal of a structure by using convolution neural networks (CNN). The above four vibration signals are used as the inputs to train four CNN models, and each model outputs a corresponding result. Finally, a DLF strategy is used to fuse the detection results of each CNN. To demonstrate the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method, a steel frame bridge is investigated with numerical simulations and vibration experiments. The research shows that the damage detection method based on DLF with multi-vibration signals can effectively improve the accuracy of the CNN damage detection.
Multisource cross-domain fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on subdomain adaptation network
Authors: Wang Zhichao , Huang Wentao , Chen Yi , Jiang Yunchuan , Peng Gaoliang
Published: June 2022

The excellent performance of current intelligent fault diagnosis methods based on deep learning is attributed to the availability of large amounts of labeled data. However, in practical bearing fault diagnosis, the high cost of large sample data and changes in operating conditions lead to the scarcity of available training data, which limits the engineering application of intelligent bearing fault diagnosis. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a cross-domain fault diagnosis method based on multisource subdomain adaptation networks (MSDAN). First, the data from multiple source domains are simultaneously input to a shared feature extractor composed of a one-dimensional residual network. Then, the private feature extractor is used to learn features from different source domains and reduce the domain shifts of each source and target domain using the local maximum mean discrepancy. Finally, the different classifier outputs of the target domain samples are aligned. The highlight of MSDAN is to obtain diagnostic knowledge from multiple source domains and further divide the subdomains using the categories as criteria, which not only aligns the global distribution of the source and target domain but also performs a more refined subdomain alignment. The method effectively alleviates the negative transfer phenomenon caused by insufficient domain alignment in multisource transfer diagnosis. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MSDAN method are verified by constructing seven multisource transfer tasks with two bearing fault diagnosis cases, including cross-operating-condition and cross-machine.
Advanced supercritical fluid technique to reduce amorphous silicon defects in heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Chou Sheng-Yao , Lin Shih-Kai , Chang Ting-Chang , Tsai Tsung-Ming , Huang Jen-Wei , Chen Shih-Wei , Shen Chang-Hong , Shieh Jia-Min , Lin Chao-Cheng , Yang Chih-Cheng
Published: June 2022

The advanced supercritical fluid (SCF) technique was applied to reduce defects in the amorphous silicon thin-film layer and enhance the efficiency of a heterojunction (HJT) solar cell from 18.1% to 19.6%. An amorphous silicon thin-film layer has been used as a passivation layer between the substrate and electrode contact in HJT solar cells; however, many dangling bonds exist in the amorphous silicon thin-film layer. Therefore, the SCF technique was developed to passivate defects. The advantage of a supercritical state is high penetrability and low temperature. Thus, this SCF treatment can passivate defects in the completed device without changing the original fabrication process. After treatment, the passivation of dangling bonds was examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, which confirmed the improved Si–H bonding. Moreover, electrical properties such as open-circuit voltage, short-circuit density, efficiency, shunt resistance, and leakage current were measured to confirm the enhancement. A simulated light source of 1 kW M−2 global AM1.5 spectrum was used to analyze the increase in cell efficiency, and the dark current was analyzed to confirm the leakage current improvement. Finally, a model for explaining the phenomenon in cells after treatment was developed.
High-energy Q-switched Nd:YAG oscillator and amplifier development for large-mode, low-alignment sensitivity applications
Authors: Coney Alexander T , Beecher Stephen , Damzen Michael J , Elder Ian
Published: June 2022

High pulse energy, low-alignment sensitivity master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) systems enable portable long range laser devices. Comprehensive amplifier modelling is an essential tool in producing efficient, optimised amplfication capable of producing high pulse energies. This paper outlines the development of a large-mode, low-alignment sensitivity neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) (MOPA) system, achieving a total output pulse energy of 265 mJ with an optical efficiency of 18%. A Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YAG zig-zag oscillator is developed with an output pulse energy of 98 mJ and slope efficiency of 31%. Through the use of an intracavity aperture, the beam quality exhibited an M2 of 4.3 and 4.6 and far field divergence of 1.3 mrad and 1.2 mrad in the horizontal and vertical, respectively. The oscillator output is amplified within a diode-pumped Nd:YAG zig-zag amplifier with a system amplification of 2.8. Comprehensive amplifier modelling based on a Frantz-Nodvik analysis is demonstrated, with the saturation characteristics suggesting a route to further energy enhancement and highlighting the necessity for amplifier modelling in high energy system design.
Spin activity correlations in driven disordered systems
Authors: Spasojević Djordje , Radić Sonja , Jovković Dragutin , Janićević Sanja
Published: June 2022

We study the spatio-temporal correlations in the spin flipping activities of the disordered systems realized within the frame of the field-driven three-dimensional zero-temperature nonequilibrium random field Ising model. Our results for the spatial activity correlations reveal that the rate-dependent scaling holds in the full range of rate regimes provided that the system parameters satisfy the finite-size and rate-dependent scaling conditions. Temporal activity correlations show high sensitivity to the driving, allowing the collapsing of waiting time distributions only in the limit of slow driving rates. These findings, based on extensive numerical simulations of large systems, reliably demonstrate the observed behavior and could be relevant for studies on various, particularly experimental, nonequilibrium systems driven at finite rates.
Red fluorescent BODIPY molecular rotor for high microviscosity environments
Authors: Maleckaitė Karolina , Dodonova-Vaitkūnienė Jelena , Žilėnaitė Rugilė , Tumkevičius Sigitas , Vyšniauskas Aurimas
Published: June 2022

Microviscosity has a strong impact for diffusion-controlled processes in biological environments. BODIPY molecular rotors are viscosity-sensitive fluorophores that provide a simple and non-invasive way to visualise microviscosity. Although green fluorescent probes are already well developed for imaging, thick biological samples require longer wavelengths for investigation. This work focuses on the examination of novel β-substituted meso-phenyl-BODIPYs possessing a red emission. We report a new red fluorescent BODIPY-based probe BP-Vinyl-NO2 suitable for sensing microviscosity in rigid environments of over 100 000 cP viscosities. Furthermore, we demonstrate that changing the methyl position from ortho to meta on the β-phenyl-substituted conjugate BP-PH-m2M-NO2 redshifts absorbance and fluorescence spectra while maintaining viscosity sensitivity. Finally, we show that nitro-substitution of meso-phenyl is a versatile approach to improve the sensitivity to viscosity while suppressing sensitivity to polarity and temperature of such derivatives. In summary, we present two nitro-substituted red fluorescent probes that could be used as lifetime-based microviscosity sensors.