bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis exacerbations
Authors: Ryabova M. А. , Ulupov M. Yu.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis, an increase in the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms, growing numbers of patients with allergic reactions to antibiotics necessitates the use of topical antibacterial therapy or the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, which are accessible for local remedies.

Aim. Efficacy and tolerability of topical antibacterial drug hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis exacerbation has been investigated in our study.

Materials and methods. An open non-invasive observational study of efficacy and tolerability of irrigation therapy with hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide in 50 adult patients with exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis has been conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pavlov State Medical University (Saint Petersburg). The patients were randomized into 2 groups. In the first group, patients were treated with 40 ml of 0.25% hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide solution nasal irrigation b.i.d. for 7 days, in the second – the same amount of normal saline was used. Duration and severity of symptoms, dynamics of nasal endoscopic picture, and the results of bacteriological study were evaluated before and after the treatment. Safety was assessed according to the data of complete blood cell count, mucociliary transport time and the incidence of adverse events.

Results and discussion. In the hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide group, there was a statistically significant improvement in the mucociliary transport time by the end of treatment from 19.1 ± 5.08 minutes to 15.2 ± 1.2 minutes (p = 0.002) compared to the normal saline group. According to the results of bacteriological study, eradication of the pathogen in the hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide group was achieved in 85% (n = 21), comparing to only 17% (n = 4) of cases in the control group.

Conclusion. Irrigation therapy with 0.25% hydroxymethylquinoxaline dioxide is more effective than saline flush solution. The drug can be recommended for irrigation therapy in adults with chronic rhinosinusitis exacerbation.
The history of the emergence and formation of state regulation of the non-banking financial services market
Authors: Shovkoplyas H. M.
Published: May 2022

The features of state regulation of the markets of non-banking financial services at different stages of the formation of the financial system in Ukraine are considered. The stages of formation and development of state regulation are defined and outlined. The main points that took place at each of these stages are investigated. The necessity of ensuring the stability of the financial services market as a significant issue in the development of a modern state is substantiated.The main problems that exist in the field of state regulation of the financial services market are: 1) the lack of special legislation and framework legislation on cooperation; 2) the absence of a state regulatory and supervisory body; 3) the lack of an effective mechanism to ensure the financial stability of credit unions and protect the interests of their depositors; 4) lack or insufficient efficiency of the system of professional training and certification of credit union specialists; 5) low level of education and awareness of the management of the real sector of the economy and the general population about the opportunities and nature of financial services provided by credit unions.
Assessment of road traffic accidents and the severity of its consequences in Ukraine
Authors: Holovkin B. M.
Published: May 2022

In Ukraine, the situation with road traffic accidents, mortality and injuries remains generally difficult. Relatively positive trends in traffic provision in the first half of the last decade are rapidly giving way to negative trends at the end of 2020. Ambitious of United Nations reduction target during 2011-2020 years 50% of road traffic mortality and serious injuries by UN Member States partially completed. Ukraine is no exception. According to the Patrol Police of Ukraine, during this period, the total number of deaths consequently of traffic accidents decreased by 26.7%, and those seriously injured by 15.5%. However, according to the World Health Organization, only the member states of the European Union have achieved the greatest progress in reducing deaths and serious injuries from road traffic accidents by one fourth, while in the post-soviet countries a decrease of only one tenth fixed. Based on official data, in Ukraine there are on average 8-8.5 deaths consequently of traffic accidents per 100,000 people. However, according to experts from the World Health Organization, the death rate from road traffic accidents is more than 13 people per 100 thousand of the population, which is 150% more than the European average (5 people per 100 thousand). A difference has been established in the data of state bodies regarding the level of mortality consequently of road traffic accidents. The conclusion is made about the shortcomings of the system of registration and accounting of road accidents used to hide the real number of deaths consequently of road accidents. The underestimation of mortality rates is carried out by not taking into account in the statistics those who died a month after the accidents, as well as by assigning those who died consequently of road traffic accidents to the total number of people who died as a result of traffic accidents.
On the dynamics of vibrational capture of rotation of an unbalanced rotor
Authors: Yaroshevich Nikolay , Gursky Volodymyr , Puts Vitalii , Yaroshevych Olha , Martyniuk Viktor
Published: May 2022

Stationary (near stationary) rotation modes of an unbalanced rotor with the oscillation frequency of its axis are considered. From the standpoint of I. I. Blekhman vibrational mechanics, explanations of the mechanism of vibrational capture of the rotation of an unbalanced rotor are given. It is demonstrated that the vibration moment arising as a result of oscillations tends to synchronize vibrational and rotational movements. In addition its effect in the stationary mode becomes unambiguous – either braking or accelerating. It is shown that when a stationary rotation mode is established, large, relatively slow oscillations of rotor’s speed can occur. Theoretical results are confirmed by computer simulation.
Effectiveness analysis of structural anomaly diagnosis based on ANN model
Authors: Ruan Zhigang , Ying Zuguang
Published: May 2022

Assessing and localizing damages are an important problem in structural engineering. Artificial neural networks (ANN) have an excellent pattern recognition capability. In this paper, a structural anomaly diagnosis method based on ANN model using displacement response signals is proposed to assess and localize damages, and applied to a five-story frame structure under random base excitation. The random displacement responses are used as the input to ANN for detecting structural damages, which differ from conventional methods such as using modal parameters extracted from responses. The ANN model is set up by training and then validation using random displacement responses. Damages in a structure are denoted by stiffness degradation. Detection results are mainly affected by incomplete measurement due to intensive noise, finite sampling time length and measured degree of freedom (DOF). Numerical results show the effects of the incomplete measurement on the accuracy of predicting damages based on the proposed method.
Reducing noise and vibrations in wind power plants with DFIG and planetary gearbox through improved rotor current control
Authors: Windisch Thomas , Hensel Eric , Drossel Welf-Guntram
Published: May 2022

Planetary gears in wind power plants transmit force excitations to the mechanical structure due to alternating tooth meshes. Structure-borne sound is generated and proceeds to tower and nacelle where it is radiated to the environment and may be a noise pollution to residents. In addition, unwanted vibrations can decrease the durability of the gearbox. So far, structural vibrations are being avoided by constructive measures or active absorbers. In contrast to this, our approach is to reduce gear mesh excitations only with the existing electric generator. Therefore, the rotor current control of the machine is enhanced to inject high frequency oscillations so that the wind power generator produces a specific oscillating torque. This anti-noise torque ripple is transmitted via the shaft to the gear stage and minimizes the gear mesh orders so that less force excitations are exposed to the mechanical structure at the bearings. In our knowledge this anti-noise torque approach using the electric generator and its current control is completely new in the field of wind power plants. Simulation is performed using a multi-body-model of the drivetrain to identify an optimal torque oscillation. Afterwards a control circuit model of the generator and the power converter for the rotor circuit is shown. Hence, it is possible to calculate the behavior of the system in high level of detail on the mechanical and the electrical side. Resulting bearing forces are analyzed to prove that excitation can be reduced significantly. No additional hardware, especially no additional actor is needed.
Influence determination of damage to mechanical structure based on modal analysis and modal assurance criterion
Authors: Khan Mehran , Mahato Swarup , Eidukynas Darius , Vaitkunas Tomas
Published: May 2022

Mechanical damages in structures changes its geometry in various ways. However, if damage size comparing to structure size is small, thus observation of this damage could be hard or even impossible in some cases. For this reason, changes in structure’s vibration responses are investigated nowadays. The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of damage size to the vibration response of the mechanical structure – aluminum alloy plate. To achieve this aim, modal analysis of a reference, i.e. health, and multiple damaged structures using ANSYS Workbench, and calculation of modal assurance criterion (MAC) using Matlab were carried out in this research. During this research 6 different damage sizes were modelled and its vibration response was compared to the health one. Obtained results revealed that the bending modes rarely shows any trend towards damages scenario. But, when observing the MAC values matrices, the values related to torsional modes even on the diagonal of the matrices decrease as the damage size increases, which indicates that the damage has more influence on the torsional modes.
The diagnostic effect of sensitive principal component method
Authors: Duan Min , Zhang Liangliang , Li Lili , Wei Fujia , An Xing
Published: May 2022

As the most front-end equipment in the monitoring system, sensors are the main means of obtaining information about the response of various environments and structures, and their performance will directly affect the subsequent structural damage identification and structural safety assessment. In this study, the influence of the scale of the fault on the diagnostic effect of the proposed method was analyzed, and the results showed that the sensitive principal component analysis (SPCA) method can identify smaller-scale faults and significantly improve the fault detection capability compared with the traditional PCA method.
Research and application of ultra-high pressure control system in strength tests
Authors: Hu Botao , Sun Xiaobo , Cheng Linan , Deng Fanchen
Published: May 2022

Based on the requirement of physical experiments, a ultra-high pressure control system which consisted of servo valves, a booster cylinder, and a multi-channel synchro-loading control system, was designed. A multi loop control strategy was adopted in this system, and hydraulic oil was loaded on the low-pressure side of the booster cylinder. In this way, the high precision control of low pressure increasing with high flow was attained, either was ultra-high pressure increasing, maintaining and reducing with low flow. The system was applied in a landing gear strength test successfully, the pressure control accuracy was smaller than 0.5 %, and the test task was completed satisfactorily.
A de jure study of social accountability for water and sanitation services in Uganda
Authors: Nansubuga J. , Smith H. , Jeffrey P.
Published: May 2022

The provision and sustainability of water and sanitation services in many countries is compromised by poor accountability for investment and maintenance programmes. Previous work has largely been concerned with processes, tools, and initiatives which support wider accountability without considering the ways in which accountability is formalised in law and regulations. We use a structured content analysis of 17 legislative and policy documents from Uganda to identify the evidence for de jure accountability across 21 key water and sanitation functions using the following four accountability themes: rules, process, and standards; responsibilities and duties; performance monitoring; and corrective measures, incentives, and sanctions. Results indicate that there is a strong provision for accountability across two of the four themes but also weaknesses relating to lack of complaint mechanisms, limited stakeholder engagement in regulation formulation, and weak performance monitoring. These findings are contextualised by reference to previous work in the field with particular emphasis on the discontinuities between legal requirements and local initiatives.
Water sensitive urban design (WSUD) approach for mitigating groundwater depletion in urban geography; through the lens of stakeholder and social network analysis
Authors: Sharifian Hoda , Emami-Skardi Mohammad Javad , Behzadfar Mostafa , Faizi Mohsen
Published: May 2022

In some respects, human communities have been sustainably adapted to live in urban areas, but sustainable coexistence with the water cycle has not been fully achieved. In this paper, to mitigate urbanizations' adverse effects, the water sensitive urban design (WSUD) approach, for the first time, is studied through the lens of social considerations. Stakeholder analysis and social network analysis concepts are considered to scrutinize the WSUD approach's role in an urban multi-stakeholder area. Detecting the changing of the stakeholders' powers and interests in an urban area using stakeholder analysis and enlightening the conflicting relationships between the stakeholders using social network analysis, the role of the WSUD approach is emphasized as a dispute resolution method. The western part of Tehran city is considered a case study. WSUD tools are considered using a physical-behavioral simulation model. The results indicate conflicts between developing and protecting stakeholders, requiring the WSUD approach.
Long-term monitoring of Mn and Fe removal in biofilters from a converted plant
Authors: Araya-Obando José A. , Pacini Virginia , Fernández Rubén G. , Romero-Esquivel Luis G.
Published: May 2022

Conversion from physicochemical to biological treatment in water treatment plants has received increased attention due to the potential benefits of biofiltration. However, information is limited about the operational performance of converted water treatment plants for iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) removal over a long-term period. In this study, Fe and Mn removal from biofilters was investigated in a converted plant from November 2011 until April 2021. The plant comprises an aeration unit followed by a modified up-flow roughing filter (URF) and by two rapid sand filters (RSF) in parallel. Data analysis was based on Fe and Mn concentrations collected from 222 water analysis reports. Results showed that 98% of Fe and 95% of Mn concentrations in treated water were below the local regulatory limits of Fe < 0.2 mg/L and Mn < 0.1 mg/L. Fe was mainly removed in the URF (68%), and Mn was removed nearly equally by the URF (46%) and the RSF (47%). The combination of the URF with RSF produced total Fe and Mn removal efficiencies of 95% and 88%, respectively. No significant differences between the seasonal variation of Fe and Mn concentrations in the URG and RSF were found. The effectiveness of biofiltration technology without the use of chemical reagents or nutrient substrate additions, was demonstrated over a long-term period of monitoring.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EXECUTING SUPERMANEUVER FLIGHTS
Authors:   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation, Zatsepilin A.V. , Khomenko A.V. ,   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation, Filatov V.N. ,   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation, Chistov S.D. ,   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation, Simukhin V.V. ,   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation, Kisliakov Yu.Yu. ,   Central Research Institute of the Air Force of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Acceleration and g-load values were calculated based on the objective control data records of supermaneuver flights. Pilots filled out. The authors propose methods of psychophysiological training substantiated by the results of analysis of pilots' entries in a questionnaire addressing some psychophysiological aspects of flying supermaneuver aircrafts.
UP-T0-DATE APPROACH TO IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SELECTION OF MILITARY TEST-PILOTS
Authors:   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Pisarenko Yu.E. , Chulaevsky А.О. ,   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Rybnikova M.N. ,   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: May 2022

The authors review the Russian and foreign concepts of psychophysiological selection (PPS) for test-pilots and ground the psychodiagnostic examination methods for applicants for test-pilots. The methods enable to reasonably well assess applicant's aptitude and by this means to reduce the risk of flights accidents.
HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF THE NOISE GENERATED BY AERODROME FACILITIES
Authors:   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Soldatov S.K. , Dragan S.P. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Bogomolov A.V. ,   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Pirozhkov M.V. ,   Central Research Institute for Precision Machinery Industry, Podolsk, Skriabin S.Yu. ,   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Gorodenko O.V. ,   Research and Test Center (Aerospace Medicine and Military Ergonomics) of the Central Research Institute of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Sinelnikov I.A. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St.-Petersburg
Published: May 2022

The paper deals with analysis of the technical staff acoustic environment in modern aviation facilities. Measurements in 4 aerodrome sites were aimed to determine signal amplitude and temporal characteristics, spectral (octave band 2 to 16 000 Hz), and levels of total infrared, maximal (LА, dB) and equivalent sound (LАeq, dB). It was found that the aerodrome conditioner is a source of high-intensity wide-band noise with character and intensity dependent on the conditioner location and operation mode. Noise measurements on esplanade and work stations during flight preparation of a fighter-bomber, and in the hanger with the aerodrome conditioner on showed that the equivalent sound varied in the range from 97 to 114 dB. Health effects of this acoustic environment should be reduced using engineering controls and personal protectors.
Novel Luliconazole Spanlastic Nanocarriers: Development and Characterisation
Authors: Marques Shirleen Miriam , Chavan Dikshita Ullas , Bhide Prashant Jivaji , Joshi Madhusudan , Kumar Lalit , Shirodkar Rupesh Kalidas
Published: May 2022

Background:

The formulation of spanlastic vesicles of luliconazole can be used to overcome
its poor skin permeation and improve its antifungal efficacy.

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to enhance the dermal delivery of luliconazole, an antifungal drug,
through spanlastic vesicles.

Methods:

A 23 regular factorial design was employed, using the Design Expert® software for optimization.
The independent variables chosen were Span: Edge activator ratio, type of edge activator, and sonication
intensity and their effect on the dependent variables, i.e., entrapment efficiency, particle size, and
percentage of drug release after 8h were determined. Spanlastics were formulated by ethanol injection
method using Tween 80 as an edge activator.

Results:

Spanlastics were found to possess sizes in the nano range with entrapment efficiencies between
77 - 88% with optimum zeta potential and polydispersity index indicating a stable formulation. Differential
scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared studies revealed complete
encapsulation of the drug within the elastic carriers. The optimized spanlastic formulation was further
incorporated into a gel base and was found to be sufficiently viscous, spreadable, homogenous, showed
a prolonged release for up to 8h and was also found to be non-irritant. The in-vitro permeation study
revealed that the flux value obtained for luliconazole entrapped in the vesicular spanlastics (0.2292
mg/cm2.h) was also found to be higher than that of the marketed (0.1302 mg/cm2.h) and conventional
gel (0.1122 mg/cm2.h). The optimized gel formulation was also evaluated for its antimycotic activity.
Moreover, the optimized gel formulation also possessed a greater antimycotic activity against Candida
albicans. The spanlastics loaded hydrogel formulation was found to have a greater zone of inhibition in
comparison to the marketed formulation, thus proving to have optimum antifungal activity against Candida
albicans.

Conclusion:

Collectively, the results revealed that spanlastics could be a potential nanocarrier for wellcontrolled
delivery and for targeting deeper skin layers, thus providing new opportunities for dermal
treatment.
Pharmaceutical Considerations of Translabial Formulations for Treatment
of Parkinson’s Disease: A Concept of Drug Delivery for Unconscious
Patients
Authors: Tiwari Gaurav , Tiwari Ruchi , Kaur Arshpreet
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

The goal of the present research was to isolate a biopolymer from Phaseolus vulgaris
(P. vulgaris) and Zea mays (Z. mays) plants and used it to construct Resveratrol (RES)-loaded
translabial films.

Methods:

Biopolymers were extracted from P. vulgaris and Z. mays seeds using a simple process. Separated
biopolymers, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) and tragacanth were subjected to formulation
development by incorporating RES-loaded translabial films. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR), physical appearance, weight, thickness, folding endurance, swelling index, surface
pH, percent moisture absorption, percent moisture loss, vapor transfer rate, and content uniformity of
the translabial films were examined. The mucoadhesive, ex-vivo permeation, in vivo and stability studies,
were performed.

Results:

The results showed that RES-loaded translabial films produced from P. vulgaris and Z. mays
biopolymers exhibited exceptional mucoadhesive, stability, and permeation properties. Results revealed
that the best formulations were prepared from a combination of biopolymer (P. vulgaris C or Z. mays
C) with tragacanth. Formulations with tragacanth revealed good swelling and thus permeation profiles.
In vivo release of TL 11 was found to be 24.05 ng/ml in 10 hours and it was stable enough at 45oC.

Conclusion:

This research suggested that RES-loaded translabial formulations can be potentially used
for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease with good patient compliance to geriatric and unconscious patients.
Dietary Flavonoids with Catechol Moiety Inhibit Anticancer Action of
Bortezomib: What about the other Boronic Acid-based Drugs?
Authors: Sak Katrin
Published: May 2022

Approval of the first boronic acid group-containing drug, bortezomib, in 2003 for the
treatment of multiple myeloma sparked an increased interest of medicinal chemists in boronic acidbased
therapeutics. As a result, another boronic acid moiety-harboring medication, ixazomib, was approved
in 2015 as a second-generation proteasome inhibitor for multiple myeloma; and dutogliptin is
under clinical investigation in combination therapy against myocardial infarction. Moreover, a large
number of novel agents with boronic acid elements in their structure are currently in intensive preclinical
studies, allowing us to suppose that at least some of them will enter clinical trials in the near future.
On the other hand, only some years after bortezomib approval, direct interactions between its boronic
acid group and catechol moiety of green tea catechins as well as some other common dietary
flavonoids like quercetin and myricetin were discovered, leading to the formation of stable cyclic
boronate esters and abolishing the anticancer activities. Although highly relevant, to date, no reports
on possible co-effects of catechol group-containing flavonoids with new-generation boronic acidbased
drugs can be found. However, this issue cannot be ignored, especially considering the abundance
of catechol moiety-harboring flavonoids in both plant-derived food items as well as over-thecounter
dietary supplements and herbal products. Therefore, in parallel with the intensified development
of boronic acid-based drugs, their possible interactions with catechol groups of plant-derived
flavonoids must also be clarified to provide dietary recommendations to patients for maximizing therapeutic
benefits. If concurrently consumed flavonoids can indeed antagonize drug efficacy, it may
pose a real risk to clinical outcomes.
Antibiotics’ Sustainability: Another Issue in the Fight against Antimicrobial
Resistance
Authors: Buroni Silvia , Chiarelli Laurent R.
Published: May 2022

The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is still a major threat to global health that is likely to worsen also as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, there is an urgent need to develop new compounds and novel alternative treatments. Furthermore, the new lines of action must consider the issue of antibiotics’ sustainability. Within this persrective, we have highlighted the main points on which actions in this perspective are possible.
An Efficient Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activities of
Organomercury (II) piperidine-N-thiohydrazide Complexes
Authors: Sharma Rama
Published: May 2022

Aim:

To synthesize and characterize organomercury complexes.

Background:

Organomercury complexes have reported for different antimicrobial activities.

Objectives:

Synthesis of organomercury complexes with piperidine thiohydrazide ligand and characterization,
applications.

Methods:

Complexes were synthesized by modified reported methods. Spectral (IR, UV, 1HNMR) and
TG/DTA analyses were used to characterize the generated complexes. For some of the complexes produced,
chemical kinetic characteristics such as activation energy, order of reaction, heat of reaction,
and apparent activation entropy were determined. The antimicrobial activities were also reported.

Results:

In these synthesized complexes, the thiohydrazides act as bidentate ligands, coordinating
through the thiol Sulphur and terminal nitrogen. Elemental and spectral data of the ligand and complexes
show that the compounds are pure enough.

Conclusion:

Every synthesized complex is diamagnetic in nature. The complexes have better antibacterial
activities against Z. mobilis than E. coli, with A. niger > Cerveleria in case of antifungal activities.
Efficient One-pot Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinone Derivatives
Catalyzed by a Novel and Recyclable CuO/NiO Nanocatalyst
Authors: Beni Zohreh Hashemi , Albadi Jalal , Kiyani Hamzeh , Shalamzari Heshmat Allah Samimi
Published: May 2022

Background:

In this study, the synthesis and characterization of a novel kind of NiO-supported
CuO nanoparticles (CuO/NiO nanocatalyst), as an efficient and recyclable catalyst, were carried out.

Methods:

Nanocatalyst was characterized by XRD, BET, FESEM, EDS, HRTEM, TGA and DSC
analysis. It was used in the three-component synthesis reaction between barbituric acid, malononitrile
and various aromatic aldehydes for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinone derivatives.

Results:

The advantages of using CuO/NiO nanocatalyst in this reaction are high yields of products,
a decrease in the reaction times and easy separation of catalyst from the reaction mixture, and the
reaction being performed in one-pot.

Conclusion:

The CuO/NiO nanocatalyst can be recycled for five consecutive cycles without significant
degradation in its catalytic activity.
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 During COVID-19: Psychological Symptoms and
Eating Attitudes
Authors: Benioudakis Emmanouil S. , Karlafti Eleni , Georgiou Evangelos D. , Kalaitzaki Argyroula , Kaiafa Georgia , Savopoulos Christos , Didangelos Triantafyllos
Published: May 2022

Background:

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 is a chronic metabolic disorder, the treatment of
which extremely burdens the patient. The lockdown, as a measure to prevent the spreading of the
2019 coronavirus disease, was a major challenge for the general public. People with chronic diseases,
such as T1D patients, have complex emotional and psychological needs and are at increased
risk for both depressive symptoms and anxiety.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index of T1D patients on
the psychological symptoms and eating habits, as well as the prognostic factors of the psychological
symptoms during the lockdown period.

Method:

Diabetes mellitus patients were invited to complete this survey from the outpatient Diabetes
clinic of the General Hospital of Chania and the “AHEPA” General University Hospital of
Thessaloniki in Greece. Psychological symptoms were assessed using the DASS-42 questionnaire,
and eating habits were assessed using the EAT-26 questionnaire.

Results:

Overall, 112 T1D patients were analyzed (response rate: 28.8%). Obese T1D patients appear
to be at greater risk of developing psychological symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, and
stress. Furthermore, disordered eating behaviors and bulimia and food preoccupation subscale are
associated with psychological symptoms.

Conlcusion:

The findings suggest that obese T1D patients are at greater risk of developing psychological
symptoms. Moreover, when an eating disorder is triggered, negative psychological symptoms
such as depression and anxiety are reduced. The results of this study may guide targeted interventions
among T1D patients
Nutritional Knowledge, Practices and Challenges of Food and Nutrition
Security in the Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Lanjwani Abdul Hameed , Shah Qararo , Shaikh Ghulam Serwar , Lanjwani Muhammad Farooque , Jesrani Vinay Kumar , Kapoor Aneel
Published: May 2022

Background:

Nutrition is a fundamental need of human beings worldwide. Hunger
has increased rapidly all over the world and reached a high level with more than one billion people
living with chronic hunger.

Objective:

The main objective of the proposed study was to identify the challenges of food and
nutrition insecurity.

Methods:

The research team conducted interviews in the respective union councils (UCs)
with support of the field team, and subsequently collected and analyzed the data.

Results and Discussion:

The findings of the present study indicated that 32% of households
gave their children food/fluids within one month, followed by breastfeeding. About 81% breastfeeding
practice is strictly followed at the household level. Only 23%, 22%, 27% and 28% of
children with the ages between 6 and 23 months were given one, two, three and four meals, respectively.
The data indicates that about 11% of children faced issues during their feeding practices,
while 89% of children did not face any feeding issues. The majority of pregnant and lactating
women (PLWs) reported that they did not receive any additional food. The consumption of
fresh vegetables and fruits was around 30% twice in a week. The vegetables and fruits, including
watermelon, jujube, peroon, singari, pipoon, musk melon, keria and gangheti, were cultivated,
which are solely dependent on the seasonal rain. The diseases, such as respiratory diseases, skin
diseases, cardiac disease, malaria, dengue and mental illness, were reported; whereas, measles
and night blindness were not reported in the selected area.

Conclusion:

There is a need of spreading the message through media at the district and province
levels with the involvement of multi-stakeholders, so that the efforts are synergized to have a
sustainable and long-term impact.
A Bird’s Eye View on Evaluation of Anti-Plasmodial Efficacy of Natural
Products Isolated from Marine Sources
Authors: Bhowmik Subhendu , Sivamurugan Vajiravelu , Dhanalakshmi Ravi Kumar , Dharani Venkatesan , Ravichandiran Valayutham
Published: May 2022

Malaria is one of the deadliest vector spreading diseases which causes enormous health concern in the tropical world, especially in sub-Saharan countries. Despite tremendous efforts around the globe, malaria is one of the leading causes of death in those areas. In addition, the appearance of resistance to the currently available drugs are making the situation more alarming, which highlights the urgency for continued research to stay prepared and evaluation of natural products could be the best approach in this direction. In drug discovery, nature plays an important role as most of the currently marketed drugs are either modified or nonmodified or synthetic compounds with a natural product as a pharmacophore. Even in the case of antimalarial drugs, starting from the discovery of quinine to the currently utilized artemisinin, most of the effective antimalarial drugs are derived from terrestrial natural sources. However, although the ocean constitutes almost 75% of the Earth, the exploration and discovery of antimalarial drugs from marine sources are very limited. This comprehensive review assimilates anti-malarial natural products derived from marine sources in recent times. In particular, the natural products from oceanic microorganisms and their plants are considered as sources for the review.
Long-term CR Multiple Myeloma Patients Show Cured or MGUS-like
Minimal Residual Disease Pattern by Next Generation Flow
Authors: Gozzetti Alessandro , Pacelli Paola , Raspadori Donatella , Bestoso Elena , Tocci Dania , Sicuranza Anna , Bocchia Monica
Published: May 2022

Background:

In the era of novel agents, many multiple myeloma patients can achieve a complete remission, but most of them relapse, and minimal residual disease detection can play a crucial role. Next-generation flow (NGF) can detect monoclonal plasma cells with a sensitivity of 10-6. Little is known about long-term remission patients (> 2 years) and in particular, if more sensitive techniques such as NGF can still detect minimal disease in those patients.

Objective:

Aim of the study was to analyze patients with MM in response to NGF at > 2 years of sustained remission after several treatments.

Method:

MRD was studied by NGF in bone marrow aspirates according to Euroflow Consortium indi-cations.

Results:

62 patients with sustained CR at >2 years were studied, MRD+ status was detected at a thresh-old cut-off of 10-6 in 32/62 (52%); 4/15 (27%) patients were MRD positive at >5 years of remission and they displayed a prevalence of normal vs abnormal monoclonal plasma cell immune-phenotype (MGUS-like).

Conclusion:

NGF is a powerful technique to detect MRD. Myeloma patients in prolonged sustained complete remission can show in high percentage an MRD negative status or MGUS like.
Оцінка клінічної ефективності ендоскопічної ендоназальної дакріоцисториностомії та особливості післяопераційного періоду у хворих на хронічний дакріоцистит та цукровий діабет 2-го типу
Authors: Bezditkov P.A. , Bezega N.M.
Published: May 2022

Мета роботи: оцінити ефективність ендоскопічної ендоназальної дакріоцисториностомії (ЕЕД) та визначити особливості післяопераційного періоду у хворих на хронічний дакріоцистит залежно від наявності цукрового діабету 2-го типу (ЦД2). Матеріали та методи. У дослідження включили 30 хворих на хронічний дакріоцистит та ЦД2 (основна група) та 30 хворих на хронічний дакріоцистит без ЦД (контрольна група), яким була проведена ЕЕД за стандартною методикою. Компенсований ЦД2 (НbА1с < 7,1 %) був виявлений у 6 хворих основної групи, субкомпенсований (НbА1с 7,1–7,5 %) — у 7 хворих, декомпенсований (НbА1с > 7,5 %) — у 17 хворих. Вік хворих основної групи в середньому становив 66,5 ± 9,5 року, контрольної групи — 66,3 ± 11,1 року. Результати операції оцінювали через 2 місяці, 6 місяців та через 2 роки. ЕЕД вважали ефективним методом лікування за відновлення вільного пасивного сльозовідведення при промиванні слізних шляхів, зникнення сльозотечі у хворого та відсутності повторного інфікування слізного мішка. Крім стандартних, методи офтальмологічного дослідження включали слізно-носову, сльозовсмоктуючу пробу та пробу рефлюксу, промивання сльозовідвідних шляхів, зондування слізних канальців, комп’ютерну томографію, ендоскопічне дослідження порожнини носа. Результати. Ефективність ЕЕД через 2 місяці після операції у хворих основної групи (70,0 ± 8,4 % хворих) була у 1,3 раза, через 6 місяців (63,3 ± 8,8 % хворих) — у 1,4 раза, а у віддалений період, через 2 роки (50,0 ± 9,1 % хворих), — у 1,6 раза нижчою, ніж у хворих контрольної групи (р < 0,05). Аналізуючи наявність основних симптомів хронічного дакріоциститу в динаміці спостереження, відзначили, що після проведення ЕЕД найчастішим симптомом була сльозотеча, проте частота її у хворих основної групи через 2 місяці (30, ± 8,4 % хворих) була у 4,5 раза, через 6 місяців (36,7 ± 8,8 % хворих) — у 2,8 раза, через 2 роки (50,0 ± 9,1 % хворих) — у 2,5 раза вищою, ніж у хворих контрольної групи (р < 0,05). Висновки. У хворих на ЦД2 клінічна ефективність ЕЕД при хронічному дакріоциститі нижча, ніж у хворих без ЦД, а післяопераційний період має свої особливості.
Ризик виникнення післяопераційного гемофтальму у хворих з діабетичною ретинопатією та цукровим діабетом 2-го типу
Authors: Rykov S.O. , Lytvinenko S.S.
Published: May 2022

Актуальність. Пошкодження судин, що розвивається при діабетичній ретинопатії (ДР), є прямим наслідком стійкої гіперглікемії за умов цукрового діабету 2-го типу (ЦД2) та супроводжується як спонтанним гемофтальмом, так і гемофтальмом після виконання сучасних вітреоретинальних втручань з приводу ДР та діабетичної макулопатії. Мета: оцінити ризики виникнення післяопераційного гемофтальму у хворих з діабетичною ретинопатією та цукровим діабетом 2-го типу. Матеріали та методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 118 пацієнтів (118 очей) з ЦД2 та ДР, які були розподілені на три групи: 1-ша — з початковою непроліферативною ДР (НПДР; 28 очей), 2-га — з помірною або тяжкою НПДР (49 очей) та 3-тя — з проліферативною ДР (ПДР; 41 око). Вік пацієнтів становив від 44 до 84 років, чоловіків було 52 (44,1 %), жінок — 66 (55,9 %). Усім пацієнтам була виконана закрита субтотальна вітректомія 25+ з тампонадою газоповітряною сумішшю, пілінгом внутрішньої пограничної мембрани та панретинальною лазерною коагуляцією. Пацієнтів обстежували за стандартним протоколом клінічних та офтальмологічних досліджень. Для побудови математичних моделей використано пакет EZR v. 1.54 (графічний інтерфейс до R statistical software v. 4.0.3, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Відень, Австрія). Результати. Протягом трьох місяців після вітректомії післяопераційний гемофтальм розвинувся у 33,1 % пацієнтів. Шляхом побудови однофакторних моделей логістичної регресії було встановлено, що на ризик виникнення післяопераційного гемофтальму позитивно впливали (p < 0,05): вік (ВШ = 1,18; 95% ВІ 1,10–1,26), тривалість ЦД2 (ВШ = 1,06; 95% ВІ 1,01–1,18), наявність доопераційного гемофтальму (ВШ = 5,66; 95% ВІ 1,05–30,6) та рівень HbA1с у крові (ВШ = 1,40; 95% ВІ 1,20–1,64). Також була побудована багатофакторна логістична регресійна модель прогнозу післяопераційного гемофтальму, до якої увійшли вік, стадія ДР, а також ступінь компенсації ЦД2 за рівнем HbA1с у крові та вміст HbA1с у крові. Поріг прийняття рішення моделі становив Ycrit = 0,296, при цьому чутливість дорівнювала 89,7 % (95% ВІ 75,8–97,1 %), специфічність — 84,8 % (95% ВІ 75,0–91,9 %). Висновки. 1. Установлено, що на ризик виникнення гемофтальму після сучасних вітреоретинальних втручань у пацієнтів з ДР, діабетичною макулопатією та ЦД2 позитивно впливали (p < 0,05): вік (ВШ = 1,18; 95% ВІ 1,10–1,26), тривалість ЦД2 (ВШ = 1,06; 95% ВІ 1,01–1,18), наявність доопераційного гемофтальму (ВШ = 5,66; 95% ВІ 1,05–30,6) та вміст у крові HbA1с (ВШ = 1,40; 95% ВІ 1,20–1,64). 2. До багатофакторної логістичної регресійної моделі прогнозу післяопераційного гемофтальму увійшли чотири факторні ознаки: вік, стадія ДР, а також ступінь компенсації ЦД2 за вмістом у крові HbA1с та вміст у крові HbA1с. Поріг прийняття рішення моделі становив Ycrit = 0,296, при цьому чутливість дорівнювала 89,7 % (95% ВІ 75,8–97,1 %), специфічність — 84,8 % (95% ВІ 75,0–91,9 %).
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya
Authors: Yuliawati Agustina Nila , Ratnasari Pande Made Desy , Rosalina Putri Riski
Published: May 2022

Knowledge is important to control blood sugar and prevent complications and subsequently have an impact on the quality of life (QOL) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients as a response to their health. This study aimed to determine the correlation between level of knowledge and QOL in type 2 DM (T2DM) patients, also its related factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a Public Hospitals, Buleleng, Bali on September 2020. Inclusion criteria included T2DM outpatients who ≥aged 18 years, get similar therapy for at least 3 months, filling out the questionnaire completely, able to communicate well, and not in a pregnant/breastfeeding condition. Data were obtained by medical records, questionnaires DKQ-24 (knowledge) and EQ-5D-5L (QOL). Correlation between knowledge and QOL of T2DM patients and its related factors were analyzed using bivariate statistical tests. Finding of 150 respondents demonstrated mostly were ≥60 years old (53.3%), female (50.7%), first educational level (64%), not working (54%), low income (49.3%), >5 years of T2DM duration (44%), no complications (75.3%), taking 4-6 item medicines (66.7%), moderate knowledge level (70.7%) with QOL based on the utility score was 0.892±0.154 and VAS  was 59.73±20.07. Statistical tests showed there was a significant correlation between knowledge and QOL based on utility value (p=0.01), but not with VAS value (p=0.165). These was reinforced by age has a significant correlation with knowledge (p=0.042), also employment status and complications condition has a significant correlation with QOL (p<0.05). Patients with a higher level of knowledge have a better QOL, despite different backgrounds.
Korelasi Efek Samping Antiepilepsi terhadap Ketaatan Pasien Epilepsi di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau
Authors: Aryani Fina , Aldelyn Lovina , Dewi Ratna Sari , Muharni Septi , Husnawati Husnawati
Published: May 2022

Epilepsy is a disorder that is seen as a symptom due to disruption of electrical activity in the brain caused by various causes. Adherence is an important point in the management of epilepsy and suspected discomfort of side effects is a factor that supports adherence of epilepsy patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the occurrence of side effects on the level of adherence in the treatment of epilepsy patients. This research was analytical descriptive observational with cross-sectional study. Data was collected by accidental sampling method by giving questionnaires directly to patients who met the inclusion criteria in Arifin Achmad Hospital of Riau Province. Samples are 31 outpatient epilepsy patients. The results showed that the side effects that often occur are headaches with percentages 38,7% and fatigue are 38.7% and 29% while patients with high adherence are 51.62% and low adherence is 48.38%. The results is no correlation between side effects and adherence of epilepsy patients (p = 0.144 and r = -0.269).
The Spectometric Quantification of Total Content of Flavonoid, Phenol, and Alkaloid in Kesum leaf (Polygonum minus Huds) from West Borneo with Methanol and Ethanol Solvent
Authors: Kartikasari Dian , Rahman Ika Ristia , Puspasari Heni , Ridha Abduh
Published: May 2022

Kesum (Polygonum minus Huds) is one of the typical plants that grow in West Borneo. The Kesum leaves are the part which is mostly used. Kesum leaves contain a lot of phytochemical compounds. This study quantitatively determined the total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid contents in methanol and ethanolic extract of Polygonum minus Huds leaves using a spectrophotometric method. The samples were extracted by maceration. The content was determined by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on the assay result, the methanol extract contained a total of phenolic 49.351±0.430 ppmEAG (equivalent to gallic acid); total of flavonoids 44.128±0.116ppmEQ (quercetin equivalent); total of alkaloids 356,798±1,004ppmEP (piperine equivalent). The 96% ethanol extract contained total of phenol 46,196±0.329ppmEAG; total of flavonoids 34,969±0.116ppmEQ; total of alkaloids 183.525±0.766ppmEP. The 70% ethanol extract contained total of phenol 64.189+0.215ppmEAG; total of flavonoids 27.834±0.158ppmEQ; total of alkaloids 432,947±1,533ppmEP. The ethanol extract 50% contained total of phenol 67,343±0.164ppmEAG; total of flavonoids 26.063±0.158ppmEQ; total of alkaloids 679,142±2,525ppmEP. All of the results are preliminary data for further research, especially for the isolation of compounds with specific targets or for utilization as main ingredients for traditional medicine.
The Multi-Determined Nature of Online Verbal Irony Processing: A Review of Empirical Studies Employing Eye-Tracking and Event-Related Potentials
Authors: Sun Zhongyang
Published: May 2022

Methodologies used in behavioral studies on the processing of figurative languages have been criticized for lack of sufficiently fine-grained recordings. Thus, recent literature on empirical studies on irony processing often talks about advantages of online-processing employing techniques with higher temporal resolution. This article reviews a series of selected Event-Related Brain Potentials (ERPs) and eye-tracking studies on the recognition and comprehension of verbal irony to provide an informed state of knowledge on this particular figurative language. First of all, we will introduce some common eye-tacking measures and ERP components recorded in these empirical studies; then we will enumerate factors involved in verbal irony processing from three differing but closely related dimensions. In this way, we expect to propose future research directions that could embrace more cognitive difference of individuals within the framework of theories about verbal irony comprehension.