bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells Grown by Pulsed PECVD Technique
Authors: Das Ujjwal K. , Morrison Scott , Madan Arun
Published: March 2017

The Pulsed PECVD technique involves modulating the standard 13.56 MHz RF plasma, in the kHz range. This allows an increase in the electron density during the ‘ON’ cycle, while in the ‘OFF’ cycle neutralizing the ions responsible for dust formation in the plasma. In this work, we report the increase of i-layer growth rate and silane gas utilization rate (GUR) for amorphous Si p-i-n solar cells grown in a large area (30 cm × 40 cm) single chamber deposition system. The i-layer growth rate of 5.4 Å/sec with a GUR of >15% has been achieved, which shows a device efficiency of 8.3% (almost same as of our conventional PECVD grown a-Si:H solar cell with ilayer growth rate of ∼1 Å/sec). We also deposited microcrystalline Si p-i-n devices using the Pulsed PECVD technique. The crystallite orientation of the films changes from a random to a (220) orientation near the microcrystalline-to-amorphous transition. The effects of crystallite orientation, grain boundaries and ion bombardment during growth on the solar cell performances are investigated. An efficiency of 4.8% for single junction μc-Si:H p-i-n device has been achieved for the i-layer thickness of 0.9 μm.
Large Area Electronics for Flat Panel Imagers Progress and Challenges
Authors: Lu J.P. , Schuylenbergh K. Van , Ho J. , Wang Y. , Boyce J. B. , Street R. A.
Published: March 2017

The technology of large area electronics has made significant progress in recent years because of the fast maturing excimer laser annealing process. The new thin film transistors based on laser processed poly silicon provide unprecedented performance over the traditional thin film transistors using amorphous silicon. They open up the possibility of building flat panel displays and imagers with higher integration and performance. In this paper, we will review the progress of poly-Si thin film transistor technology with emphasis on imager applications. We also discuss the challenges of future improvement of flat panel imagers based on this technology.
Microstructure Characterization of a-Si Based Alloys by Effusion of Implanted Helium
Authors: Beyer Wolfhard , Finger Friedhelm
Published: March 2017

The microstructure of amorphous alloys of silicon with oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and germanium is studied by effusion measurements of hydrogen and of implanted rare gases helium, neon, argon. The results suggest a general widening of network openings with increasing alloy concentration. Isolated voids disappear for wide bandgap alloys already at low alloy concentration of 5–10 at.% presumably because interconnected voids are formed. At an alloy concentration near 20–30 at.%, Ne and H2 become mobile at T < 500°C and at higher temperature/alloy concentration Ar becomes mobile, too. Void formation is mainly attributed to an increase in hydrogen incorporation.
Integration of Expanding Thermal Plasma deposited Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon in Solar Cells
Authors: Korevaar B.A. , Smit C. , Petit A.M.H.N. , van Swaaij R.A.C.M.M. , van de Sanden M.C.M.
Published: March 2017

A cascaded arc expanding thermal plasma is used to deposit intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon at growth rates between 0.2 and 3 nm/s. Incorporation into a single junction p-i-n solar cell resulted in an initial efficiency of 6.7%, whereas all the optical and initial electrical properties of the individual layers are comparable with RF-PECVD deposited films. In this cell the intrinsic layer was deposited at 0.85 nm/s and at a deposition temperature of 250°C, which is the temperature limit for growing the p-i-n sequence. The cell efficiency is limited by the fill factor and using a buffer layer at the p-i interface deposited with RF-PECVD at low growth rate can increase this. The increase in fill factor is a result of a lower initial defect density near the p-i interface then obtained with the expanding thermal plasma, resulting in better charge carrier collection. To use larger growth rates, while maintaining the material properties, higher deposition temperatures are required. Higher deposition temperatures result in a smaller optical bandgap for the intrinsic layer and deterioration of the p-type layer, resulting in a lower opencircuit voltage. First results on applying a buffer layer will also be presented.
Hyrogenated Amorphous Silicon with High Growth Rate, Gas Utilization and Homogeneous Deposition by Amplitude Modulated Vhf-Pecvd for Solar Cell Application
Authors: Rath J.K , Biebericher A.C.W. , Jimenez Zambrano R. , Schropp R.E.I. , van der Weg W. F. , Goedheer W.J.
Published: March 2017

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon samples have been deposited by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (VHF PECVD), using a square-wave amplitudemodulated radio-frequency excitation. It is observed that the gas-utilization efficiency improves by a considerable amount when amplitude modulation is combined with a reduction in the gas flows. Using a conventional continuous wave (cw) 50 MHz plasma with SiH4 and H2 gas flows of 30 sccm each at a pressure of 0.2 mbar, the gas-utilization efficiency is about 8%. It increases up to 50%, by modulating the amplitude of the radio-frequency excitation signal and reducing both gas flows to 10 sccm, keeping the pressure constant. In this case, the deposition rate amounted to 0.55 nm/s; which is twice as large as compared to the deposition rate of a cw deposition. Device-quality opto-electronic properties are obtained under these conditions. The refractive index at 2 eV is about 4.25 and the microstructure parameter has a value around 0.02. The materials exhibited a low defect density (CPM) which is in the order of 3-8x1015 per cubic centimeter and photo-to-dark-conductivity ratio of 4-6x106. N-i-p solar cells of size 0.16 cm2 deposited on 10cmx10cm stainless steel (SS) substrate in the configuration SS/n-a-Si:H/i-a- Si:H/buffer/p-μc-Si/ITO/Ag grid (without back reflector) using amorphous silicon i-layer made by amplitude-modulated VHF plasma CVD showed an efficiency of 6.5%. This is a similar efficiency to the cell with standard device-quality cw a-Si:H in the same n-i-p structure, but at a high growth of 0.55 nm/s and gas utilization of ∼50%.
Reduction of Dark Current Under Reverse Bias in a-Si:H p-i-n Photodetectors
Authors: Morrison S. , Servati P. , Vygranenko Y. , Nathan A. , Madan A.
Published: March 2017

This paper presents the development of low dark current amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) based heterojunction photodiodes. A series of p-i-n and n-i-p structures have been deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Junction properties and carrier transport are investigated in terms of dark and light current-voltage characteristics, time dependence of the dark current, and spectral photoresponse measurements. It is demonstrated that a thin (∼4 nm) undoped a-SiC:H buffer layer introduced between the p and i layers reduces the leakage current and improves the diode ideality factor. A dark current density of ∼10 pA/cm2 at reverse bias of 1 V was achieved for the n-i-p structure. Optimization of device design for further improvement of dark current and photoresponse is discussed.
Low Temperature Syntheses of Nano-crystalline Silicon Film and Si Nanorods by Hot-Wire CVD
Authors: Wong Te-Chi , Wu Jih-Jen
Published: March 2017

Low-temperature growth of nano-crystalline silicon film and silicon nanorods by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) using SiCl4/H2 gases are reported here. Nano-crystalline silicon films were deposited at a filament temperature of 1800°C, SiCl4/H2 flow rate ratio of 8/37 sccm and a substrate temperature of 150°C. The volume fraction of the crystallinity of the film characterized by Raman spectroscopy is 82%. The TEM analysis reveals that the average size of nano-crystalline silicon film is 5nm. Silicon nanorods with an average diameter of 80 nm were obtained as the SiCl4/H2 flow rate ratio was reduced to 5/30 sccm at substrate temperatures lower than 200°C. TEM analyses reveal that Si nanocrystals are embedded in an amorphous nanorods with fish-born like structure.
Probing Water Dynamics in Octahedral Molecular Sieves: High Speed 1H MAS NMR Investigations
Authors: Alam Todd M. , Pless Jason , Nenoff Tina M.
Published: March 2017

The water dynamics in molecular sieve materials are probe using high speed proton magic angle spinning NMR spectrscopy
The DIVAM Filter: A NMR Signal Selection Method that is Tunable to Various Structural Domains Within Semicrystalline Materials
Authors: Hazendonk Paul , Montina Tony , Iuga Adriana , Wormald Philip
Published: March 2017

The selection mechanism in the Discrimination Induced by Variable Angle Minipulse (DIVAM) sequence as a domain filter is investigated using spin dynamics simulations. Experiments on poly(vinylidinefluoride) (PVDF) show that 19F DIVAM selects on the basis of relaxation and the chemical shielding anisotropy interaction, where the role of the latter was confirmed by the simulations. The DIVAM filter was applied in domain selective 13C{1H,19F} experiments on poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)-phosphazene] (PBFP). The resulting spectra were sensitive to morphological changes in the crystalline domain, which was not previously observed with 19F and 31P methods.
Penetrant Diffusion in Triblock Polymer by Pulse-Field-Gradient NMR and Lattice Model Simulation
Authors: Kong Xueqian , Hargrove Tabitha , Ouellette Sara , Giotto Marcus V. , Aucoin Darryl , Lin Gouxing , Jones Alan A.
Published: March 2017

The three versions of poly-styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) triblock copolymers under investigation have different micro-scale morphologies: polystyrene (PS) spheres in poly-ethylene/butylene (EB) matrix, PS cylinders in EB matrix and EB cylinders in PS matrix. The diffusion phenomena of 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane (TMP) in SEBS probed with pulse field gradient NMR show distinct features related to the morphological characteristics. The micron scale size of grain boundaries may be obtained. In addition, the lattice model simulation was performed for the TMP diffusion in the membrane with spherical morphology.
Solid State NMR as A Probe of Inorganic Materials:Examples From Glasses and Sol-Gels
Authors: Guerry Paul , Carroll Donna L , Gunawidjaja Phillips N , Bhattacharya Prodipta , Carta Daniela , Pickup David M , Ahmed Ifty , Abouneel Ensanya , Thomas Pam A , Knowles Jonathan C , Newport Robert J , Smith Mark E.
Published: March 2017

To understand amorphous and structurally disordered materials requires the application of a wide-range of advanced physical probe techniques and herein a combined methodology is outlined. The relatively short-range structural sensitivity of solid state NMR means that it is a core probe technique for characterizing such materials. The aspects of the solid state NMR contribution are emphasized here with examples given from a number of systems, with especial emphasis on the information available from 17O NMR in oxygen-containing materials. 17O NMR data for crystallization of pure sol-gel prepared oxides is compared, with new data presented from In2O3 and Sc2O3. Sol-gel formed oxide mixtures containing silica have been widely studied, but again the role and effect of the other added oxide varies widely. In a ternary ZrO2-TiO2-SiO2 silicate sol-gel the level of Q4 formation is dependent not only on the composition, as expected, but also the nature of the second added oxide. Sol-gel formed phosphates have been much less widely studied than silicates and some 31P NMR data from xerogel, sonogel and melt-quench glasses of the same composition are compared. The effect of small amounts of added antibacterial copper on phosphate glass networks is also explored.
FMR Effects on Integrated Ferromagnetic Thin-film RF Inductors
Authors: Ni Weiping , Kim Jinsook , Kan Edwin
Published: March 2017

Ferromagnetic inductors with various geometries and permalloy thin film patterns were fabricated on the standard silicon substrate with a fully CMOS compatible process. The ferromagnetic resonance effects on the inductors were studied with the applied magnetic fields in different orientations. It showed that with the properly applied magnetic field, the ferromagnetic resonance for the patterned permalloy thin films can be pushed higher and the maximum quality factor for the ferromagnetic inductors can be improved. However, because the relative permeability decreases with increasing applied field, the trade-off between the effective inductance and the quality factor needs to be optimized for the practical designs.
PENILAIAN ULANG LIMA LOKASI SUAKA PERIKANAN DI DANAU TOBA BERDASARKAN KUALITAS AIR DAN PARA METER PERIKANAN LAINNYA
Authors: Krismono Adriani Sri Nastiti , Sarnita A.S
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai ulang lima suaka (reservat) perikanan di Danau Toba berdasarkan pada kualitas air dan parameter perikanan lainnya. Kelima reservat perikanan yang dinilai ulang adalah: Suaka Tiga Raja, Kecamatan Girsang S.P. Bolon (Stasiun l), Suaka Sitanggang Bao, Kecamatan pangururan (S-tasiun ll), Suaka Lumban Gaol, Kecamatan Balige (Stasiun lll), Suaka Bakklra, Kecamtan Muara (stasiun VI) Suaka Togging, Kecamatan Merek (Stasiun V).
BEBERAPA ASPEK BIOLOGI UDANG JERBUNG (Penaeus merguiensis) DIPERAIRAN MAYANGAN, PANTAI UTARAJAWA BARAT
Authors: Wedjatmiko Wedjatmiko , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: March 2017

Beberapa aspek biologi. yang dikaji dalam penelitian udang jerbung yang tertangkap dengan trammel net di perairan Mayangan Jawa Barat, meliputi: distribusi kelamin, frekuensi panjang karapas, hubungan panjang berat, ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc), tingkat kematangan gonad (Lm). Distribusi kelamin didominasi oleh udang betina, dengan'perbandingan 1:1,8 Frekuensi panjgng karapas yang dominan adalah 30-33,9 mm, yang tertangkap pada bulan Juli dan Agtustus tahun 2000.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN IOTAKARAGINAN PADA EKSTRAKSI AGAROSA DARI AGAR-AGAR MENGGUNAKAN CETYL PIRIDINIUM KLORIDA
Authors: Subaryono Subaryono , Utomo B.S.B , WIkanta T. , Satriyana N
Published: March 2017

Penelitian pemurnian agarosa dari agar-agar menggunakan cetyl piridinium itoriOa denganpenambahan iota karaginan telah dilakukan.
PRODUKSI KITINASE DAN KITIN DEASETILASE DARI Vibrio harueyi
Authors: Nasran Suyuti , Ariyani Farida , Lndriati Ninoek
Published: March 2017

Penelitian untuk mengetahui potensi Vibrio harveyi sebagai penghasil kitinase dan kitin deasetilase telah dilakukan.
PENELITIAN MENGENAI KEBERADAAN BIOTOKSIN PADA BIOTA DAN LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN TELUK JAKARTA
Authors: Mulyasari Mulyasari , Peranginangin Rosmawaty , Suryaningrum Th. Dwi , Sari Abdul
Published: March 2017

Penelitian dilakukan di perairan pantai Teluk Jakarta yaitu sekitar Muara Angke, Muara Dadap, Cilincing dan Tanjung Pasir.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI LARUTAN POTASIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP MUTU KAPPA-KARAGINAN YANG DIEKSTRAKSI DARI Eucheuma cottonii
Authors: Basmal Jamal , Syarifudin Syarifudin
Published: March 2017

Perbaikan teknik ekstraksi kappa karaginan dari rumput laul Eucheuma cottoniitelah dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi larutan KOH sebagai media pengekstrak.
ASPEK SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN KELEMBAGAAN SISTEM USAHA PERIKANAN (SUP) BUDIDAYA IKAN PATIN DI PROPINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Hikmayani Yayan , Koeshendrajana Sonny , Wahid Abdul , Nasution Zahri
Published: March 2017

Riset yang bertujuan mengetahui aspek sosial ekonomi dan kelembagaan sistem usahaperikanan (SUP) budidaya ikan patin telah dilakukan di Jawa Barat pada tahun 2002. Riset dilakukan menggunakan metode survai dengan menerapkan teknik wawancara terstruktur yang dipandu daftar pertanyaan. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis secara deskriptif yang diinterpretasikan menggunakan metode logik.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PERIKANAN TERPADU: (STUDI KASUS DI WILAYAH PENGEMBANGAN UTAMA III, JAWA TENGAH)
Authors: Purnomo Agus Heri , Suryawati Siti Hajar , Hikmayani Yayan , Reswati Elly
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini mencakup suatu rangkaian kegiatan studi lapang, analisis sosio-ekonomis dan pemodelan, dilaksanakan pada tahun 2002, dengan tujuan untuk merancang suatu model pengembangan industri perikanan. Contoh kasus 5 kabupaten di Propinsi Jawa Tengah (Rembang, Pati, Blora, Jepara dan Kudus) diacu untuk membangun model tersebut di lokasi penelitian, yang secara induktif dapat dikembangkan menjadi model umum yang berlaku di wilayah lain.
FORMULASI MODEL PUSAT INFORMASI BISNIS IKAN KERAPU DI BATAM, RIAU
Authors: Manadiyanto Manadiyanto , Nasution Zahri , Tajerin Tajerin , Pranowo Sapto Adi
Published: March 2017

Terdapat tiga alasan utama perlunya dibentuk pusat informasi bisnis ikan kerapu di Batam, Riau, (1) peluang eksporyang belum dimanfaatkan secara penuh, (2), sumbangan devisa negara dan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan (3) dapat mengurangi dampak negatif lingkungan perairan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk merancang model pusat informasi bisnis ikan kerapu di Batam, Riau.
ANALISIS PRODUK UNGGULAN AGRO INDUSTRI PERIKANAN LAUT DI KABUPATEN REMBANG
Authors: Giyatmi Giyatmi , Purnomo Agus Heri , Hubeis Musa
Published: March 2017

Kajian telah dilakukan untuk menganalisis produk agroindustri perikanan laut yang dapat diunggulkan di Kabupaten Rembang. Kajian dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi potensi perikanan laut, pemilihan komoditas potensial dan produk unggulan agroindustri, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kelayakan usaha dari produk unggulan tersebut.
BIOLOGI DAN EKOLOGI IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI PANTAI UTARA JAWA BARAT DAN SELAT SUNDA
Authors: Suwarso Suwarso , Hariati Tuti
Published: March 2017

Kajian tentang sifat biologi dan ekologi beberapa jenis ikan pelagis kecil pantai dilaksanakan di perairan utara jawa Barat dan Selat Sunda berdasarkan pada data hasil tangkapan, data biologi selama tahun 2002, dan survei laut pada dua musim (musim timur dan musim barat), Sampling dilaksanakan terhadap hasil tangkapan tiga tipe mini purse seine. Alat tangkap ini memiliki taktik dan zona penangkapan berbeda di kawasan pantai.
KOMUNIKASI RINGKAS BEBERAPA CARA PENANGKAPAN IKAN SIDAT(Anguilla spp') DAN NILAI EKONOMIS HASIL TANGKAPANNYA DI SUNGAI KETAHUN, BENGKULU
Authors: Samuel Samuel , Dharyati Emmy
Published: March 2017

penangkapan ikan sidat (Anguilla spp.) di Sungai Ketahun telah lama dilakukan oleh sebagian penduduk setempat, namun belum banyak informasi diperoleh. Riset beberapa cara penangkapan ikan sidat dan nilai ekonomis hasil tangkapannya dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan bahan informasi yang bergunadalam rangka pengleloiaan ban pemanfaatan potensi ikan sidat untuk menjamin kelestarian sumber dayanya.
DISTRIBUSI SPASIO TEMPORAL KELIMPAHAN DAN BIOMASSA FITOPLANKTON DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN POTENSI PRODUKSI IKAN DI WADUK IR. H. DJUANDA, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Kartamihardja Endi Setiadi , Krismono Adriani Sri Nastiti
Published: March 2017

Fitoplankton sebagai produser primer berperan penting dalam siklus energi di suatu perairan waduk atau danau. Distribusi spasio-temporal kelimpahan dan biomassa fitoplankton menggambarkan karakteristik umum suatu badan air dan dapat digunakan untuk menaksir potensi produksi ikannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi spasio-temporal kelimpahan dan biomassa fitoplankton dalam kaitannya dengan potensi produksi ikan di Waduk lr. H. Djuanda, Jawa Barat
The Relationship between Students’ Probationary History, Failure to Follow Career Counseling and Entry into the Supplemental Offer Acceptance Program (SOAP): A Comparison between Two Medical Schools
Authors: Cottrell Scott , Phillips Julie , Hedrick Jason , Nield Linda S. , Vos Jeffrey , Mavis Brian , Ferrari III Norman D.
Published: March 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: A probationary history reported on students' Medical Student Performance Evaluations (MSPE) may have implications on whether medical students match with a residency program in the National Residency Matching Program (NRMP) in the United States (US). Students who fail to follow academic advisors' advice and apply a considered residency application plan may be in jeopardy of needing to enter the Supplemental Offer Acceptance Program (SOAP). The SOAP is a much less desirable means to securing a position in a US residency program. The purpose of this study was to examine how a probationary history reported on the MSPE and failing to follow academic advice may put students at risk for entering the SOAP. Methods: The NRMP results for 3 graduating classes (N=380) at West Virginia University School of Medicine (2013-2016) and 2 graduating classes (N= 378) at Michigan State University College of Human Medicine (2015-2016) in the US were examined. A Pearson's chi-square was calculated to determine whether students with a probationary history were more likely to enter the SOAP. The numbers and percentages of students in the SOAP who failed to engage a back-up specialty plan or interview at an appropriate number of programs were also identified. Results: There was a statistically significant association between a probationary history and whether a student was required to enter the SOAP at both West Virginia University (X2(1) = 11.15,p < .001) and Michigan State University (X2(1) = 32.91, p < .001). The majority of students who entered the SOAP at both schools also failed to follow advice. Conclusion: While a probationary history may put students at risk for entering the SOAP, failing to listen to career advisors' counsel during the application process may be more important in achieving success in the NRMP. Future investigations may explore the characteristics of those students who do not adhere to career advice.
Optimising geotechnical data for analysis of levee resilience
Authors: Bheemasetti Tejo V , Puppala Anand J , Verreault Louie , Pedarla Aravind , Weatherton Yvette P
Published: March 2017

Sustainability and resiliency are two important factors that are being considered extensively in current geotechnical analyses. Over the years, several attempts have been made to provide sustainable geotechnical engineering solutions by reusing excavated native soils and recycled materials and adopting smart and environmentally efficient construction processes. Despite an increase in research in these areas, efforts to develop an analysis-based framework that can address and incorporate both sustainable and resilient engineering designs and solutions are limited. This paper presents one such framework and how it can be used to assess infrastructure. Critical-lifeline infrastructure such as ageing dams and levees require constant stability assessments and one such levee was considered in this analysis. A critical component of a dam or levee embankment system is proper identification of the soil layers and soil properties within the dam or levee. Several in situ seismic cone penetration tests with pore pressure measurement (SCPTu) studies were conducted on a levee embankment, and these test results were analysed by way of geospatial and optimisation studies to determine the soil layer configuration. Optimisation studies were carried out in order to reduce the number of SCPTu soundings required for a balanced, environmentally friendly and cost-effective field exploration while still providing reliable soil layer configurations needed for resiliency analyses.
Lodhi 5 Properties Investments CC v FirstRand Bank Limited [2015] 3 All SA 32 (SCA) and the Enforcement of Islamic Banking Law in South Africa
Authors: Tuba Maphuti David
Published: March 2017

On 22 May 2015, the Supreme Court of Appeal (“SCA”) handed down a judgment in the matter of Lodhi 5 Properties Investments Cc v Firstrand Bank Limited [2015] 3 All SA 32 (SCA). This judgement considered whether the prohibition against the charging of interest on loan in terms of Islamic law (Shariah law) may be a defence for a claim for mora interest in term of a loan agreement. This note critically discusses the judgement in light of the approach adopted by the SCA with regard to addressing dispute arising from a contract that has Islamic law as a governing law. As this is the first case that came before the SCA in South Africa, this note critically analyses how this court discussed the applicable principles of Islamic law as applicable to the dispute between the parties. In particular, it questions the court’s assertion that a claim for mora interest has nothing to do with and is not affected by the Shariah law's prohibition against payment of interest on a loan debt. It also looks at the SCA’s approach (as a common law court) with regard to the enforcement of Islamic banking law principles. This judgement raises important issues regarding the enforceability of Islamic finance law and therefore merits discussion, in light of the continuing growth and expansion of Islamic banking and finance law in South Africa.
Podocytes and the actin cytoskeleton as a feasible therapeutic target
Authors: Sever Sanja , Gu Changkyo
Published: March 2017

Podocyte injury is a hallmark of the glomerular disease, which is a direct cause of chronic kidney diseases. Importantly, podocyte injury is a consequence of the dysregulation of the actin cytoskeleton. In diverse animal models of proteinuric glomerular disease, recovering the integrity of the actin structure in podocytes resulted in beneficial effects. In this review, we focus on the premise of targeting the actin cytoskeleton as a feasible therapeutics for treating chronic kidney diseases
Evaluation of granisetron as an antiemetic in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia
Authors: Nikam Siddharth Uttam , Khandelwal Prakash N. , Gawali Ujwala B.
Published: March 2017

Background: PONV most common complications related to surgery and anaesthesia despite major advances in spinal, epidural and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia techniques IONV are still present in a significant number of patients. Ondansetron, used for controlling PONV induced by chemotherapy or radiation. Recently 5HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron has more potent, selective and longer acting activity than ondansetron. Granisetron is more active for control of PONV in cisplatin induced vomiting than ondansetron. It also reduces PONV in strabismus repair, tonsillectomy, and general surgeries, it has less side effects as compared to ondansetron. Objective of the study was to study efficacy and safety of granisetron and compare it with ondansetron for prevention of IONV and PONV.Methods: 80 ASA grade I and II women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia were studied. Patients in group A received injection granisetron 2 mg and group B injection ondansetron 4 mg,10 minutes prior to induction of spinal anaesthesia. Main outcome measures were occurrence of nausea, retching or vomiting in intraoperative and postoperative period at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours’ post-surgery. The response of patient to therapy and side effects were evaluated in both groups. The results were analyzed by ‘z’ test (p<0.5) considered significant.Results: Demographic characteristics of both groups were comparable patients in granisetron (80%) had more complete response as compared to ondansetron (47.5%). Adverse effects were lower in granisetron group.Conclusions: Granisetron 2 Mg has better efficacy and safety profile than ondansetron 4 Mg.
Analysis of diagnostic laparoscopy in chronic right iliac fossa pain
Authors: Vaishnav Umesh , Patel Harshad S.
Published: March 2017

Background: Chronic right iliac fossa pain with normal radiological and laboratory finding is common indication for diagnostic laparoscopy by general surgeon. Most common cause of chronic right iliac fossa pain is appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy is commonly done in diagnostic laparoscopy if other cause is not found.Methods: Patients of all the age group and either gender, undergone diagnostic laparoscopy for chronic right iliac fossa pain longer than 3 months with normal radiological finding in the surgical department. Diagnostic and therapeutic role of laparoscope was assessed.Results: 83% patients were showing visible positive finding on diagnostic laparoscopy. On follow up after 1 month, 90% patients show reliving of pain.Conclusions: Diagnostic laparoscopy is minimal invasive surgical procedure. It is useful when other pathological and radiological investigations are inclusive.
Abdominal skin incision closure with non-absorbable sutures versus staples- a comparative study
Authors: Muthukumar Vamseedharan , Venugopal Sarveswaran , Subramaniam Sureeskumar
Published: March 2017

Background: Bacterial smartness and innovations have clearly outsmarted and drained the antibiotic discovery pipelines of pharmaceutical brains throughout the globe. Postoperative infection is a major cause of antibiotic use. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of using non-absorbable suture materials and staples for abdominal skin incision closure in terms of the occurrence rate of surgical site infections, the level of comfort experienced by patient and the cosmetic acceptability of scar by the patient.Methods: A randomized control study conducted at the general surgical department of a tertiary hospital in Southern India. The final scores of the study in the categories of surgical site infection, pain and cosmesis were analyzed using Students t-test or Anova test.Results: The use of staples to close skin incision in laparotomy cases reduces surgical site infection, improves the perception of cosmetic appearance of scar to the patient and adds to the comfort of patient by reducing the pain experienced by the patient. The subgroup of population who may comprehensively benefit are patients below 40 years, middle and high socio economic status population, clean and clean contaminated surgeries where incision length is more than 5cm.Conclusions: The results of this study illustrated the fact that the use of staples in closure of skin incision in laparotomy case especially in selected subgroup of population significantly reduces the surgical site infection, hence slashing the use of antibiotics and in turn has the potential to reduce the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
Implantação da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Filho do Mineiro
Authors: Freitas Bibiana Trindade de , Rabelo Giani
Published: March 2017

O artigo aqui apresentado procura dar visibilidade à implantação da EMEF Filho do Mineiro na década de 1970, este que reconta parte se sua trajetória com o intuito de contribuir para a história e memória das instituições escolares de Criciúma. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi analisar como se deu a implantação da EMEF Filho do Mineiro, tendo como principal questão a origem do nome atribuído à escola e as características sociais e econômicas da comunidade do Distrito de Rio Maina no momento de sua implantação, entre outros. Como metodologia utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa com o uso de fontes documentais e orais.Através deste trabalho pude compreender a relação existente entre a Carbonífera Metropolitana e a Vila Operária de mesmo nome, esta relação que foi o alicerce de sustentação para que a localidade expandisse e deixasse de ser somente mais uma pequena Vila de Operários. Diante disso, se pode entender a importância da implantação da EMEF Filho do Mineiro para a comunidade do Bairro Metropol. Os objetivos propostos nesta pesquisa foram alcançados com base nos poucos documentos encontrados e nas memórias dos entrevistados. Contudo, é lamentável saber que muitos documentos e registros fundamentais para a história desta instituição de ensino tenham se perdido ao longo do tempo. De qualquer forma, acredito que esta pesquisa contribuirá para a preservação de parte deste patrimônio educativo que foi e é tão importante para as famílias que moraram no referido bairro e que ainda moram.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Educação. Carvão. Memória.
A relação dos professores regentes e professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado – AEE nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental no município de Criciúma
Authors: Santhiago Dyeniffer Simão , Colonetti Cinara Lino
Published: March 2017

O artigo discute a importância de uma boa relação entre professores³ regentes e professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado – AEE para a inclusão dos alunos com deficiência. Para a realização deste estudo foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, analisando o contexto histórico, social, educacional, legislação, conceitual da educação especial e o Atendimento Educacional Especializado, do ponto de vista de diferentes autores que discutem sobre a Educação Especial. É uma pesquisa de campo, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis professores dos Anos Iniciais da rede municipal de ensino de Criciúma, sendo que três dos entrevistados são professores regentes e três são professores do AEE. Com essa pesquisa é possível perceber que professores do AEE e professores regentes nem sempre tem uma relação de diálogo sobre o planejamento e as especificidades do aluno com deficiência, e a existência deste dialogo é fundamental para a inclusão desse aluno. Toda comunidade escolar é responsável pelo aluno com deficiência, todos tem um papel a ser cumprido. A gestão da escola tem a função de promover espaços e momentos para que o diálogo aconteça, os professores precisam garantir a aprendizagem do aluno dentro dos seus limites e o professor do AEE é o articulador da inclusão.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Educação Especial; AEE; Inclusão.
Memórias de um professor primário da Escola Isolada Rio Galo (Urussanga-SC/1956 a 1958)
Authors: Sartor Jordana , Rabelo Giani
Published: March 2017

Este artigo apresenta parte da trajetória percorrida pelo professor Celeste Candiotto quando lecionou na Escola de Rio Galo, entre 1956 a 1958, na comunidade de mesmo nome, que pertencia ao município de Urussanga (SC).O objetivo central da pesquisa foi compreender sua escolha pelo magistério, e que lembranças têm de suas práticas pedagógicas. Ele ter ocupado o magistério quando estava em curso a feminização do magistério, chamou a atenção, além deatuar em escola multisseriada. A abordagem desta pesquisa foi qualitativa e como fontes foram utilizados depoimentos do senhor Celeste e documentos cedidos por ele e pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação. Autores como Montenegro (1993), Le Goff (1990) e Bosi (1979) foram usados na discussão sobre memória. Os depoimentos do professor apontam que quebrou tabus, relativo à ideia do castigo escolar, prática comum no tempo em que a escola tradicional tinha fortes traços. Em 1950 já existiam debates que questionavam o castigo escolar, e crianças foram vítimas desta prática. Mas o senhor Celeste apresentou-se revolucionário sendo contra a punir crianças com castigo. Ele também criou nova forma de alfabetizar, por contação de história, algo tão contemporâneo, mesmo tendo o plano de trabalho definido pelo governo estadual para ensinar. O resultado foi positivo, e ele foi convidado a ministrar cursos para professores da região, criando novas oportunidades de conhecimentos sobre o método. A partir deste estudo, é possível conhecer parte da trajetória da escola pública, dando visibilidade aos sujeitos em vezes esquecidos, que fizeram parte dela e contribuíram para sua construção e consolidação.Palavras Chave: Memória. Magistério. Práticas Pedagógicas.
O programa mais educação na visão do aluno
Authors: Cordova Juciane Lopes de Souza , Castro Everson Ney Huttner
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho direciona seu foco ao Programa Mais Educação (PME) e tem como objetivo geral: analisar as contribuições do Programa Mais Educação percebidas por alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de educação de Criciúma/SC. O objetivo geral foi desmembrado nos objetivos específicos: estabelecer a diferença entre educação em tempo integral e educação integral; situar o funcionamento do Programa Mais Educação e suas bases legais; identificar o entendimento dos os alunos acerca do Programa Mais Educação; verificar como os alunos participantes do Programa avaliam o seu desenvolvimento. O campo investigativo foram duas escolas da rede municipal de Criciúma/SC. A pesquisa realizada foi do tipo qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva. Os dados foram levantados por meio de entrevista com 10 alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental ao total. Concluímos que os recursos materiais, legais e políticos precisam ser articulados às ações educativas efetivadas nas escolas, valorizando a criticidade estudantil, conhecimentos prévios, dando subsídios para alunos saberem o que, onde e para que, estão estudando. Torna-se necessária uma discussão educacional que valorize a dimensão da aprendizagem em que tenha os alunos como autores no processo e que, o PME atenda não só o que a lei determina, mas o que uma educação de qualidade exige.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Programa Mais Educação. Educação em Tempo Integral. Ensino e aprendizagem.
A avaliação no processo ensino aprendizagem do aluno com transtorno do déficit de atenção
Authors: Mattia Nadir De , Baumer Édina Regina
Published: March 2017

Durante a graduação surgiu o interesse em pesquisar sobre a avaliação no processo de ensino aprendizagem do aluno com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção já que a avaliação está sempre presente na escola. Assim, o problema deste estudo é qual o processo de avaliação realizado pelos professores para com os alunos que apresentam no laudo médico o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção – TDA? Os objetivos específicos foram: Identificar os instrumentos que são utilizados pelos professores para avaliar o aluno com TDA; Investigar se o método avaliativo proposto está adequado; Constatar a concepção de avaliação do professor e seu conhecimento sobre o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção; Verificar como ocorre o planejamento das aulas para o aluno com TDA. A pesquisa foi realizada em três escolas da rede municipal de ensino de duas cidades do extremo sul catarinense onde foram entrevistadas três professoras que atuam no 3º e 4º ano do ensino fundamental, que lecionam com alunos que apresentam no laudo médico o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção. Conclui-se através da pesquisa que as docentes possuem um conhecimento mínimo sobre o transtorno, que faltam metodologias e orientações da escola de como trabalhar com o aluno, que os instrumentos utilizados pelas professoras para avaliar o aluno com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção são bastante diversificados, textos, gráficos, desenhos, representação, trabalhos orais e acontecem bimestralmente. Também se constatou que o planejamento das aulas e avaliações estão dentro das sequências didáticas e que todas as avaliações são iguais para todos os alunos.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Avaliação. Ensino e aprendizagem. Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção.
Desmistificando os sujeitos com altas habilidades/superdotação: uma experiência da rede municipal de educação de Criciúma/SC
Authors: Pereira Tayná Gonçalves , Colonetti Cinara Lino
Published: March 2017

O artigo destaca a temática sobre Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (AH/SD), por tratar-se de um tema pouco pesquisado, além de estar ligado a vários mitos e estereótipos. Desse modo, estabeleceu como objetivo geral compreender a visão do professor³ do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) e do aluno que possui AH/SD sobre o trabalho voltado para o desenvolvimento e estimulação de alunos que foram identificados com altas habilidades. A partir do objetivo geral foram estabelecidos os objetivos específicos que se pautam em: a) identificar as metodologias utilizadas pelos professores do AEE; b) perceber a relação que os alunos AH/SD possuem com seus colegas de turma; c) verificar a formação dos professores de AEE e d) distinguir a visão que o aluno identificado com AH/SD tem em relação aos trabalhos voltados para ele mesmo. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola do município de Criciúma - SC, tendo a entrevista como método de análise. Os entrevistados foram uma professora de sala de AEE, quatro alunos identificados com AH/SD e, também, a mãe de um aluno que está em período de identificação. A pesquisa permitiu concluir que a escola em estudo está bem preparada e capacitada para trabalhar com alunos que apresentam AH/SD, considerando-se que toda a equipe escolar envolvida estabeleceu um relacionamento saudável não apenas com os discentes que frequentam a sala de AEE, mas também seus familiares.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Altas habilidades/superdotação. Atendimento Educacional Especializado. Inclusão.
Przemysł meblarski w Polsce i jego międzynarodowa pozycja konkurencyjna
Authors: Ulbrych Marta
Published: March 2017

Zagadnienie międzynarodowej konkurencyjności ma kluczowe znaczenie we współczesnej gospodarce światowej. Przy tym coraz większą popularność zyskuje przekonanie, że o konkurencyjności gospodarki narodowej decydują jej poszczególne sektory, które tę konkurencyjność kształtują. Celem artykułu jest określenie pozycji konkurencyjnej polskiego przemysłu meblarskiego za pomocą analizy statystycznej. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują, że Polska jest jednym z najszybciej rozwijających się pod względem poziomu produkcji rynków meblarskich w Unii Europejskiej. Potencjał produkcyjny branży sytuuje Polskę na wysokiej pozycji zarówno wśród producentów, jak i eksporterów. Ponadto zagregowane dane potwierdzają poprawę pozycji konkurencyjnej polskiej branży meblarskiej w badanym okresie.
Impact of Innovative Financial Products on Financial Systems: Exchange Traded Products and the Polish Financial System
Authors: Marszk Adam
Published: March 2017

Exchange Traded Products (ETPs) are one of the most recent and most rapidly developing financial products. As their assets grow they have an increasing impact on financial systems in many countries, including the USA, UK or Japan. Development of ETPs is linked with many opportunities and threats for the local financial systems. Their correct assessment is becoming more difficult due to the growing complexity of the available products, thus posing problems not only for the participants of the financial markets (including buyers and sellers of ETPs as well as intermediaries) but also for the supervising authorities. The main ETP development trends (e.g. size of the global assets under management) are outlined in this article. Structural changes are discussed in the context of their impact on both local and global financial systems. One of the key topics is the consequences of the changing landscape of the most popular type of ETP – Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs). Simple and safe physical ETFs are being replaced by complicated synthetic ETFs, significantly increasing possible risks for the holders of such products, for other entities involved in their creation and distribution, and, consequently, for the whole financial system. The last part of the article is devoted to the Polish perspective on this topic. It may be argued that in Poland the role of ETPs (even ETFs) is still marginal. ETPs can influence the Polish financial system, however, through a number of links between Polish and foreign financial institutions and markets. As a result, fast transmission of the future shocks caused by such products is increasingly more probable.
Polish Investments on Non-European Markets
Authors: Zaremba Michał
Published: March 2017

Foreign direct investment is probably one of the most visible signs of globalization in recent years. Developing countries seek FDIs as a potential tool to complement the level of domestic investment as well as a possible efficiency-gain in strument through the transfer of appropriate technology, management knowledge, business culture, access to foreign markets, increasing employment opportunities, and improving living standards. Undoubtedly, non-European markets, mostly represented by developing countries, are becoming an important and attractive area for economic activities for highly- and medium-developed economies.The aim of the paper is to discuss and present the investment activities of Polish companies on non-European markets as it poses challenge not only for the companies themselves but also for the government to support the logistical and financial needs of the potential investors.
A Performance Ranking of LGUs in Macedonia
Authors: Kraja-Sejdini Mirjana
Published: March 2017

Local government performance within public sector performance is coming back because local government is faced with the problem of increased responsibilities under tighter budgets. Therefore, the issues of managing taxpayers’ money more efficiently and effectively still remain a challenge for local government decision makers. In addition, increased social inclusion has created a need for increased accountability and transparency towards local government managers.This paper aims to facilitate decision makers as well as local government officials to offer a ranking system of local government units (LGUs/municipalities) in Macedonia by analyzing and normalizing some of the main financial indicators that make up the final annual accounts of all LGUs in Macedonia. The output of this work is a local government index showing the best and worst performing municipalities in the country. The provision of one aspect of LG government performance allows all local government stakeholders to have an overview of the budget spent as well as identify some best practices by comparatively identifying the practices of the best performing LGUs. However, the data availability has narrowed the scope of this performance ranking.We hope that this study will contribute modestly to the existing literature of the performance in the public sector and specifically in that of the local government sector. There is an increasing interest in studies related to public sector performance. However, this interest has been very little in Balkan Countries.
Regional Innovation Systems in Sweden
Authors: Ligenzowska Joanna
Published: March 2017

Over the past two decades, social scientists and governments have been paying more and more attention to regions as designated sites of innovation and competitiveness in the globalizing economy. Thus, innovation and innovation systems are becoming increasingly interesting to policy‐makers as ways of achieving their economic and social goals. Europe 2020, the European Union’s key strategy for the current decade, aims to foster a smart, sustainable, and inclusive economy. “Innovation has been placed at the heart of the strategy”, as it provides the “best means of successfully tackling major societal challenges” (European Commission 2010, p. 2). The new age of capitalism requires a new kind of region. In effect, regions are increasingly defined by the same criteria and elements which comprise a knowledge-intensive firm: continuous improvement, new ideas, knowledge creation and organizational learning (Florida 2003, p. 236). The increased policy and research interest in regional clusters and innovation systems reflects the growing significance of the regional level, and the importance of specific and regional resources, for stimulating the innovation capability and competitiveness of firms. The social and interactive practice of innovation also points to the importance of the relationship between the firm and its environment. The learning economy perspective affirms that learning and innovation are localized, not placeless processes (Storper 1997). Thus, it emphasizes that innovation is a territorially-embedded process, based not only on resources that are place specific but also on social and institutional contexts (Asheim, lsaksen 2002). This paper describes the role of innovations in Sweden and Swedish regions in development and growth, mainly by analysing the concept of regional innovation systems. Moreover, the actors and associations from the innovation system perspective are pointed out in the article. An analysis of the policy documents and a literature overview was the basis of the empirical material. Data comes from the OECD and EUROSTAT databases.