bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of information retention and adherence to treatment in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus after multidisciplinary group
Authors: Sousa Ana Maria da Silva , Fiuza Daine , Mikami Fernanda Cristina Ferreira , Abrão Karen Cristine , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Zugaib Marcelo
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate the retention of information after participation in multidisciplinary group in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) through a phone contact. Method: 122 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes were included. After diagnosis of gestational diabetes, the patients were referred to the multidisciplinary group where they received medical, nutrition and nursing guidelines related to the disease. After three days these patients received one telephone call from a nurse, who made the same questions regarding the information received. In the statistical analysis, results were presented as absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Most patients 119/122 patients (97.5%) were managing to do self glucose monitoring. Twenty-one patients (17.2%) reported having difficulty performing the blood glucose, especially finger pricking. When questioning whether the woman was following the proposed diet, 24/122 (19.7%) patients said they did not; the meal frequency was not reached by 23/122 (18.9%) of the women, and forty-seven (38.5%) of the women reported having ingested sugar in the days following the guidance in multidisciplinary group. Conclusion: Regarding the proposed treatment, there was good adherence of patients, especially in relation to blood glucose monitoring. As for nutritional control, we observed greater difficulty in following the guidelines demonstrating the need for long-term monitoring, as well as further clarification to the patients about the importance of nutrition in diabetes management.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in different populations: A clinical and epidemiological study – sample of São José do Rio Preto
Authors: Andrade Gabriel Costa de , Fujise Luciana Harumi , Santana Filho Jaime Euclides de , Oliveira Fabiane , Silva Rita de Cássia Martins Alves da
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Introduction: NAFLD is an heterogeneous condition that includes steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), in the absence of significant alcohol consumption, reaching 30% of the population. The most common risk factors are: age, gender, ethnicity, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, predisposition, metabolic syndrome (MS), insulin resistance (IR), drugs, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Objective: To describe the profile of patients with NAFLD seen at Hospital de Base of Rio Preto, in the state of São Paulo. Method: Patients with NAFLD were assessed, with medical and epidemiological data collected after informed consent. Results: Of the 62 patients evaluated, 76% were women, 73% Caucasians, and 71% were aged between 50 and 69 years and had no symptoms. Ultrasonography results showed steatosis in 84%. NASH was diagnosed in 61% of the sample. 21 patients underwent liver biopsy, of which 36% had cirrhosis, 1 had liver cancer, and 1 pure steatosis (5% each). Risk factors were found in 70% of patients with metabolic syndrome, 87% with increased waist circumference, 63% with dyslipidemia, 61% (n=38) with high blood pressure (HBP), 28% with DM, 52% physically inactive, and 44% with insulin resistance (IR) (HOMA> 3.5). There was an association between IR and NASH (p=0.013), IR and obesity (p=0.027), IR and MS (p=0.006), and MS and steatosis on medical ultrasound (USG) (p=0.014). Conclusion: The most frequent risk factors were MS and its variables: increased waist circumference, dyslipidemia and HBP. This underscores the importance of metabolic control in NAFLD and confirms its role as the hepatic component of metabolic syndrome.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the CDC Worksite Health ScoreCard questionnaire into Portuguese
Authors: Soárez Patrícia Coelho de , Ciconelli Rozana Mesquita , Pavin Thiago , Ogata Alberto José Niituma , Curci Kátia Audi , Oliveira Martha Regina de
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Objective: Despite the progress in the implementation of health promotion programs in the workplace, there are no questionnaires in Brazil to assess the scope of health promotion interventions adopted and their scientific basis. This study aimed to translate into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapt the CDC Worksite Health ScoreCard (HSC) questionnaire. Method: The HSC has 100 questions grouped into twelve domains. The steps are as follows: translation, reconciliation, back-translation, review by expert panel, pretesting, and final revision. The convenience sample included 27 individuals from health insurance providers and companies of various sizes, types and industries in São Paulo. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The average age of the sample was 38 years, most of the subjects were female (21 of 27), and were responsible for programs to promote health in these workplaces. Most questions were above the minimum value of understanding set at 90%. The participants found the questionnaire very useful to determine the extent of existing health promotion programs and to pinpoint areas that could be developed. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the HSC questionnaire may be a valid measure and useful to assess the degree of implementation of health promotion interventions based on evidence in local health organizations.
Efficacy of lactulose in the prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients presenting gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Aires Felipe Toyama , Ramos Paola Teruya , Bernardo Wanderley Marques
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a bad prognostic factor in patients with liver cirrhosis and its incidence is associated with several triggering factors being the most prevalent gastrointestinal bleeding. Lactulose, despite its questionable efficacy in the literature, is considered a first line treatment in patients with HE. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of lactulose in preventing HE in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Method: A systematic review of the literature using the Medline scientific database. Only randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of lactulose for HE prophylaxis in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding were included. Results: The incidence of HE in the intervention group was 7%, while the control group was 26% (p=0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of mortality in the group treated with lactulose compared to the group that was not treated (p=0.48). Conclusion: Administering lactulose to cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding reduces the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy.
Retrospective karyotype study in mentally retarded patients
Authors: Teixeira Wellcy Gonçalves , Marques Fabiana Kalina , Freire Maíra Cristina Menezes
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Objective: To describe the chromosomal alterations in patients with mental retardation (MR) using G-banding karyotype analysis. Method: A retrospective study of the results G-banding karyotype analysis of 369 patients investigated for MR was performed. Based on the structural rearrangements found, the authors searched all chromosomal regions related with breakpoints, and these were compared with the literature on MR and databases. Results: 338 (91.6%) normal cases, and 31 (8.4%) with some type of chromosomal abnormality were identified. Among the altered cases, 21 patients (67.8%) were identified with structural chromosomal alterations, nine (29%) with numerical alterations, and one (3.2%) with numerical and structural alterations. Conclusion: Structural chromosomal abnormalities were observed more frequently in this study. G-banding karyotyping contributes to the investigation of the causes of MR, showing that this technique can be useful for initial screening of patients. However, higher resolution techniques such as array based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MPLA) can detect submicroscopic alterations commonly associated with MR.
Occupational skin cancer: Systematic review
Authors: Sena Jéssica Suellen , Girão Régio José Santiago , Carvalho Sionara Melo Figueiredo de , Tavares Rosielly Melo , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Silva Patrícia Barros Aquino , Barbosa Maria Clara Fortes Portela
Published: June 2016

SUMMARY Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, risk factors in the workplace environment and prevention methods for professionals at risk of skin cancer. Method: A systematic review of articles on occupational skin cancer, published in the Lilacs, Scielo, Medline and Cochrane Library from January 1st, 2008, to December 31st, 2013, was performed. The search included the following terms: “neoplasias cutâneas” (DeCS), “exposição ocupacional” (DeCS), “epidemiologia” (DeCS) as well as the keyword “prevenção”, and their equivalents in English. Results: After analyzing the titles and summaries of articles, the search strategy resulted in 83 references, of which 22 articles met the eligibility criteria. Discussion: We found that sun exposure is the main occupational risk factor for skin cancer, causing outdoor workers to be the most vulnerable to developing occupational skin cancer. Professionals with low levels of education and European descent are at increased risk of developing this cancer. Conclusion: Outdoor workers are more vulnerable to developing occupational skin cancer, estimating that professionals with low level of education and European descent are at increased risk of developing this cancer. Therefore, companies need to invest more in the health of workers by providing protective equipment and thus preventing occupational skin cancer.
PROJETOS PROFISSIONAIS DE ESTUDANTES DE UM CURSO TÉCNICO EM AGROPECUÁRIA
Authors: Salvaro Giovana Ilka Jacinto , Quadros Samantha Maciel de , Estevam Dimas de Oliveira
Published: June 2016

Resumo O artigo apresenta a análise dos projetos profissionais de jovens estudantes de um curso técnico em agropecuária na interface com a produção de subjetividades, relações de gênero e reprodução da agricultura familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014, em um campus do Instituto Federal Catarinense. Os procedimentos analíticos foram quantitativos e qualitativos. As informações foram obtidas por meio de um questionário e os sujeitos foram jovens estudantes de um curso técnico em agropecuária. Na escolha pelo curso técnico, destacam-se a identificação com o rural e atividades agropecuárias, a qualidade da formação técnica oferecida pela escola e demandas socioeconômicas rurais.
O DISCURSO SOBRE A VADIAGEM NA PRAÇA DA SÉ (SP)
Authors: Diniz Beatriz Ferraz
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa de mestrado que buscou investigar se o discurso acerca da vadiagem está presente entre os frequentadores da Praça da Sé (SP), em relação àqueles que se "deixam ficar" nas imediações do logradouro em período comercial dos dias úteis. A realização de um trabalho de campo, de cunho etnográfico, na praça entre 2012 e 2013, aliado a uma análise documental de jornais sobre a temática, permitiu verificar a estigmatização de certa plêiade de pedestres que têm em comum o fato de sentar-se/deitar-se nas muretas ou no chão da praça. Neste cenário, a rua torna-se um espaço onde é preciso seguir certas regras de apresentação pública a fim de se discriminar daqueles que são vistos como "acomodados" que "não querem saber de trabalhar". Conclui-se ainda a presença da norma salarial identificada na figura do trabalhador, em oposição à "viração" das classes pobres associada às representações de vadiagem.
Additional chemical polymerization of dual resin cements: reality or a goal to be achieved?
Authors: UMETSUBO Luzia Sakaguti , YUI Karen Cristina Kazue , BORGES Alessandra Bühler , BARCELLOS Daphne Camara , GONÇALVES Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva
Published: June 2016

Abstract Introduction This study serves as a warning to dentists and researchers that dual-cured resin cements may not polymerize completely under some prosthetic crowns. Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the polymerization degree of dual-cured resin cements under prosthetic barrier, by microhardness test. Material and method Three cements (Bistite II, RelyX ARC and Variolink II) were light-cured through different barriers, placed between the cement and the light source: G1: without barrier; G2: composite resin (Cesead); G3: Inceram alumina; G4: IPS Empress; G5: Inceram zirconia; G6: tooth fragment. Photopolymerization was carried out using a halogen light unit (650 mW/cm2); microhardness was evaluated using the Microhardness Tester FM 700, under a load of 50gf with a dwell time of 15s, at two evaluation times (30min and 24h). Result The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%). Both Inceram alumina and Inceram zirconia ceramic barriers hindered polymerization. Bistite, followed by RelyX and Variolink, exhibited the highest microhardness values (p<0.05). As the highest values were obtained without a barrier, it was determined that the barrier, followed by the tooth, influenced microhardness. Both Empress and Cesead had the smallest microhardness values but with no statistically significant difference between them. Conclusion The barrier negatively affected the microhardness of dual-cured resin cements; evaluation time did not affect microhardness values for most of the conditions tested. There is a limited effect of the chemical activator on the polymerization of some dual-cured cements, and their performance is product specific.
Comparison of two methods of dental prophylaxis: evaluation of arterial pressure and patient comfort in a clinical randomized controlled trial
Authors: FERREIRA Camila Lopes , SANTOS Lucio Murilo dos , MELO FILHO Antonio Braulino de , SANTAMARIA Mauro Pedrine , JARDINI Maria Aparecida Neves
Published: June 2016

Abstract Introduction The number of hypertensive patients is increasing and prophylaxis with bicarbonate jet are widely performed in clinical practice using large amounts of this substance in a short period of time, which may lead to increased arterial pressure. In the literature there are several studies that analyze the effect of sodium bicarbonate jet on the biofilm and dental structures, but not report the effect on arterial pressure. Aim Evaluated the change in arterial pressure before and after two procedures of dental prophylaxis, jet baking soda application and conventional prophylaxis, and patient opinion of the comfort of each system was obtained. Material and method We selected 20 patients aged 18 to 30 in need of prophylaxis to remove biofilm. The patients were placed into three different treatment groups: sodium bicarbonate jet (G1), conventional prophylaxis (G2) and control (G3), with a one month interval between treatments. Patients were divided into groups randomly. Measurements were performed immediately before and after the procedure, 15 and 30 minutes after the end of treatment. Patient comfort was measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at the end of each treatment. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Result There was a statistically significant difference in the comfort of the procedures, with G2 and G3 being better than G1. Additionally, an increase in the diastolic blood pressure was observed in sodium bicarbonate jet group evaluated just after the procedure. Conclusion The conventional prophylaxis is more comfortable from the patient stand point and does not alter arterial pressure.
Influence of temperature, concentration and shear rate on the rheological behavior of malay apple (Syzygium malaccense) juice
Authors: Santos Pedro Henrique , Silva Luiza Helena Meller da , Rodrigues Antônio Manoel da Cruz , Souza José Antonio Ribeiro de
Published: June 2016

Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate the rheological behavior of malay apple, a traditional Amazonian fruit with high bioactive properties, at different temperatures and soluble solids concentrations. The experiments were carried out in a Brookfield R/S Plus rheometer with concentric cylinders geometry. Power Law, Herschel-Bulkley, Mizrahi-Berk, and Sisko rheological models were fitted to the experimental data. The malay apple juice (pulp and skin) showed a pseudoplastic behavior for all temperatures and concentrations with flow behavior indexes lower than 1. The temperature effect on the samples’ apparent viscosity was analyzed by the Arrhenius equation. The activation energy increased with a decrease in the soluble solids concentration, showing that the lower the concentration, the greater the temperature influence on the apparent viscosity. The soluble solids effect was described by the exponential equation. The exponential factor increased with the temperature increasing, showing that the higher the temperature, the greater the effect of the soluble solids concentration on samples’ apparent viscosity. Finally, a triparametric mathematical model combining temperature, concentration, and shear rate was proposed aiming to evaluate its effects on the samples’ apparent viscosity and has accurately adjusted to the data with high correlation index R2.
Inclusão de fibra alimentar em pães isentos de glúten
Authors: Saueressig Andressa Luciane Ceccon , Kaminski Tiago André , Escobar Thomas Duzac
Published: June 2016

Resumo Foram desenvolvidas quatro formulações de pães, isentos de glúten e com a inclusão de fibra alimentar solúvel e insolúvel, avaliando suas propriedades físicas, composição química, aceitação e intenção de compra do consumidor. O padrão (1) teve a farinha de arroz, fécula de mandioca, ovo, leite em pó, óleo de girassol, sal, açúcar, fermento biológico seco e água como ingredientes. Nos demais, a fécula foi parcialmente substituída por inulina (2), farelo de arroz desengordurado e inulina (3), e farelo de arroz desengordurado (4). A cor do pão 2 diferiu apenas na casca, que ficou menos vermelha e amarela que o 1. A inclusão do farelo de arroz proporcionou coloração mais escura, vermelha e amarela à crosta e miolo dos pães 3 e 4. A perda de peso e rendimento variaram apenas em relação ao pão 2, que teve maior perda de peso e menor rendimento, provavelmente devido ao colapso da massa, que não foi capaz de manter a estrutura na fase de crescimento. O custo dos pães com inulina foi maior, pois este ingrediente é um reconhecido prebiótico, adquirido em estabelecimentos farmacêuticos; enquanto que o custo do pão apenas com farelo diminuiu, já que se trata de um subproduto industrial, obtido da extração do óleo de arroz. Na composição química, houve incremento nos teores de cinzas, proteínas e fibra alimentar, principalmente insolúvel, nos pães 3 e 4; enquanto que o pão 2 apresentou menor teor proteico e maior teor de fibra alimentar, principalmente solúvel. Nutricionalmente, admite-se incremento do valor nutricional em detrimento de carboidratos digeríveis e do valor calórico. Sensorialmente, os pães 3 e 4 tiveram menor aceitação nos atributos cor e sabor, mas não diferiram dos pães 1 e 2 nos atributos odor e textura, e na intenção de compra dos consumidores. Conclui-se que o consumo dos pães que tiveram substituição parcial da fécula é garantia de alimento com qualidade funcional, nutricional e sensorial, principalmente para celíacos.
PRÁTICAS ESCOLARES E DESEMPENHO DOS ALUNOS: USO DAS ABORDAGENS QUANTITATIVA E QUALITATIVA
Authors: Salgado Junior Alexandre Pereira , Novi Juliana Chiaretti , Ferreira Jonas
Published: June 2016

RESUMO: O objetivo do artigo foi inter-relacionar as práticas administrativas e pedagógicas identificadas em escolas municipais do ensino fundamental que possam contribuir para o desempenho dos alunos na Prova Brasil. Para tanto, foi aplicada uma metodologia na qual são utilizadas as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa de forma integrada e colaborativa para se estudar a eficiência escolar. Primeiramente, é aplicada a Análise Envoltória de Dados, que, por seu caráter quantitativo, classifica as escolas em eficientes e ineficientes em relação ao grupo estudado. Na segunda etapa, qualitativa, são realizados estudos de múltiplos casos nessas escolas, visando compreender seus processos internos. Espera-se, com os resultados, poder contribuir para o alinhamento das práticas que visem auxiliar no desempenho dos alunos, na gestão escolar e, sobretudo, proporcionar melhorias na qualidade da educação.
DO PROJETO POLÍTICO-PEDAGÓGICO DE ROUSSEAU: ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES
Authors: Paiva Wilson Alves de
Published: June 2016

RESUMO: Embora a obra de Rousseau tenha sido objeto de uma farta produção intelectual ao l1ongo dos quase dois séculos e meio de sua existência, continuamente sofre por interpretações distorcidas e leituras parciais. Com o objetivo de contribuir com essa discussão, sobretudo no que diz respeito à formação do homem, este trabalho procura discutir o processo no qual o homem natural se torna o homem civil, defendendo o ponto de vista de que se trata de um empreendimento da razão devidamente guiado pelos princípios da natureza e voltado para uma autêntica formação humana na qual o homem se realiza plenamente apenas em sua dupla condição, ou melhor, em sua condição composta de homem natural e homem civil.
PRIVATIZACIÓN DE LA PROVISIÓN EDUCATIVA EN CHILE: CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS PROVEEDORES EDUCATIVOS DE UNA COMUNA POPULAR URBANA
Authors: López Juan González , Moreno Diego Parra
Published: June 2016

RESUMEN: La provisión privada ha estado presente en Chile desde los inicios del sistema educativo obligatorio a principios del siglo XX. Actualmente, el sistema está mayoritariamente controlado por los privados, aunque su financiamiento sea estatal. Esto se ha consolidado desde la Reforma Neoliberal desde el año 1982. La oferta particular subvencionada ha aumentado explosivamente desde el año 1995. ¿Quiénes son los sostenedores de estos establecimientos educacionales? El presente estudio avanza en la caracterización del sector a partir del análisis de las redes educativas, económicas, ideológicas y políticas que estos presentan, por medio de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Entre los principales resultados, se encuentran proveedores con fuertes vínculos religiosos, económicos, y secundariamente educativos y políticos, quienes se posicionan como un grupo de poder ante otros proveedores particulares subvencionados. Por lo tanto, este grupo es el que mejor se adapta a las regulaciones de la actual reforma educativa en el sistema obligatorio en Chile.
FINANCIAMENTO DA EDUCAÇÃO E LUTA SINDICAL: CONFLITOS EM UMA GRANDE REDE DE ENSINO
Authors: Gouveia Andréa Barbosa , Ferraz Marcos Alexandre dos Santos
Published: June 2016

RESUMO: Este trabalho apresenta um debate sobre o impacto da lei do piso salarial profissional nacional sobre as disputas dos professores de Curitiba, com o gestor da rede local de ensino. Como metodologia, optou-se por analisar as pautas de reivindicações do Sindicato da categoria, nas campanhas salariais desde 2008, focalizando os itens que diziam respeito a piso e remuneração e implementação de 1/3 de hora atividade. Como resultado foi possível observar diferentes maneiras de vocalizar as demandas de piso e diferentes impactos concretos sobre a remuneração. Em certos momentos, provocando achatamento da carreira e, em outros, achatamento do próprio piso. Quanto a hora atividade, esta deixa de ser uma reivindicação de organização do trabalho e assume a característica de um direito justo.
DE LAS ROCALLOSAS A LOS ANDES: EL EXPERIMENTO DE ESCUELAS CHARTER EN EL CONTEXTO POLÍTICO ARGENTINO
Authors: Moschetti Mauro Carlos , Gottau Verónica
Published: June 2016

RESUMEN: En 1999, se aprobó en la Provincia de San Luis (Argentina) la creación de las denominadas 'Escuelas Experimentales Autogestionadas', inspiradas en el modelo charter norteamericano aunque con importantes diferencias. Este artículo describe la experiencia y explora las circunstancias por las que el proyecto fue desarticulado y abandonado prematuramente. El estudio incluyó un profundo análisis documental y entrevistas con referentes del proyecto, ex-funcionarios del Ministerio de Educación e integrantes de las asociaciones adjudicatarias. Se encontraron profundas incompatibilidades entre los principios rectores del proyecto - democratización, cooperativismo, autonomía y pluralidad -, las prácticas del sistema político provincial, y las estructuras y lógicas de poder tradicionales organizadas a nivel nacional.
DESAFIOS URBANOS À DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DO ACESSO ÀS OPORTUNIDADES EDUCACIONAIS NAS METRÓPOLES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Ribeiro Luiz Cesar de Queiroz , Koslinski Mariane Campelo , Zuccarelli Carolina , Christovão Ana Carolina
Published: June 2016

RESUMO: O presente artigo sistematiza o progresso da pesquisa sobre os padrões de organização social do território das metrópoles brasileiras e seus impactos nos mecanismos de reprodução das desigualdades educacionais entre crianças e jovens. Ele tem como base os resultados de um grande número de investigações empíricas realizadas pelo grupo de pesquisa multidisciplinar "Educação e Cidade", integrante do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa e Tecnologia (INCT) - "Observatório das Metrópoles" - CNPq/FAPERJ. Além de apresentar o estado da arte sobre o conhecimento referente à relação entre os processos de segmentação e segregação residencial e as desigualdades de acesso à estrutura de oportunidades educacionais, o artigo também propõe a reflexão sobre a necessidade da consideração do território urbano como dimensão transversal das políticas de educação e da cidade.
PRIVATIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO NA AMÉRICA LATINA E NO CARIBE: TENDÊNCIAS E RISCOS PARA OS SISTEMAS PÚBLICOS DE ENSINO
Authors: Croso Camilla , Magalhães Giovanna Modé
Published: June 2016

RESUMO: A observação de distintas formas de privatização da educação na América Latina e no Caribe suscita indagações sobre seu impacto para a realização da educação como um Direito Humano universal. Neste artigo, compartilhamos algumas expressões do fenômeno, a partir especialmente dos dados encontrados no mapeamento Tendencias de la Privatización de la Educación en América Latina y el Caribe , realizado pela Campanha Latino-Americana pelo Direito à Educação (CLADE, 2014). A partir de análise bibliográfica e legislativa, de dados e entrevistas com ativistas da área, afirma-se o crescimento do fenômeno, a busca pelo lucro e a mercantilização da educação, fragilizando os sistemas públicos educativos, em particular as condições de trabalho do docente, a gestão democrática e o financiamento público adequado.
Schoenberg/Boulez: ideia/sistema
Authors: Loureiro Eduardo Campolina Viana
Published: June 2016

Resumo: Dois textos principais orientam o presente estudo: A música nova, a música demodée, o estilo e a ideia, escrito por Arnold SCHOENBERG (1977b) em 1946, e O sistema e a ideia, escrito por Pierre BOULEZ (1986) em 1986. Inicialmente é trabalhado o conceito de 'ideia musical' em diversos textos de Schoenberg. O conceito é então confrontado com uma análise de seu Prelúdio do Op. 25, elaborada por Jack BOSS (2014). Essa análise levanta a problemática da percepção, conduzindo à discussão do texto de Boulez. Esse último é trabalhado na relação da 'ideia musical' com o 'sistema', inicialmente em conexão com a segunda Escola de Viena e em seguida com sua própria estética. Procura-se compreender como se articulam esses dois conceitos nas reflexões dos dois compositores, que muito influenciaram a transformação da linguagem musical no século XX, e que se situam em uma linha evidente de conexão e continuidade.
La competencia mediática en educación primaria en el contexto español
Authors: García Antonia Ramírez , Sánchez-Carrero Jacqueline , Contreras-Pulido Paloma
Published: June 2016

Resumen Desde hace casi cuatro años un numeroso grupo de investigadores españoles de más de veinte universidades del país estudian los niveles de competencia mediática de la ciudadanía para promover así programas de alfabetización mediática en las escuelas y entornos no formales. La competencia mediática es un concepto que abarca nuestras habilidades y conocimientos frente a los medios de comunicación y puede ser medida a través de seis dimensiones: lenguaje, tecnología, producción y programación, recepción y audiencias, ideología y valores y finalmente la estética. Concretamente, en el estudio descriptivo que aquí se presenta, se explora el grado de dicha competencia en el caso concreto de escolares de cuarto de Educación Primaria de entre nueve y diez años, en el contexto español. Para ello fue necesario el diseño e implementación de un cuestionario online, adaptado a sus edades tanto en el contenido como en el diseño, para poder conocer si los 581 participantes que componen la muestra son competentes desde el punto de vista mediático. Los resultados muestran que nada es lo que parece. Pese a lo que se pudiera suponer, es necesario una mayor formación en medios entre el alumnado de esta etapa obligatoria y por tanto se precisan programas de alfabetización mediática en las escuelas y también en los entornos familiares.
Rendimiento académico e interacción sociocognitiva de estudiantes en un entorno virtual
Authors: Borgobello Ana , Roselli Néstor Daniel
Published: June 2016

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue el análisis del rendimiento académico vinculado con las características de interacción sociocognitiva en un entorno virtual, en un curso con diseño híbrido o blended learning de nivel universitario. El caso sostuvo un diseño multi-método basado en una estrategia ecológica observacional y un cuestionamiento a mediciones tradicionales de rendimiento académico. Se analizaron los clics –entradas en distintas zonas del entorno- realizados en la plataforma para navegar en el entorno, los mensajes escritos en foros, las respuestas a un cuestionario sobre hábitos y opiniones y las calificaciones obtenidas en exámenes regulares. Los tres ejes de análisis fueron: 1) relación entre uso de la plataforma con calificaciones académicas, opiniones y hábitos; 2) construcción de perfiles de sujetos a partir de análisis de clases en relación a las variables anteriores; 3) características de los mensajes escritos en foros de cinco sujetos con alto y bajo rendimiento académico general. Los resultados muestran que 1) hubo diferencias significativas en las calificaciones y el agrado por utilizar la plataforma; 2) se distinguieron tres clases: uso bajo, medio y alto de plataforma con preferencias distintas en recursos, agrado al utilizarla, entre otros; 3) hubo diferencias notables en el contenido de los mensajes, especialmente en lo no estrictamente cognitivo.
Multicultura e interculturalidad: implicaciones de una ausencia en la educación
Authors: Aguero-Contreras Fernando Carlos , Urquiza-García Cándida Rosa
Published: June 2016

Resumen Reflexión teórica desde las perspectivas sociológica – antropológica de la educación, sustentada en los enfoques de la multicultura e interculturalidad. Se parte de varios estudios realizados en la residencia estudiantil de la Universidad de Cienfuegos, al centro - sur de Cuba. Estos han combinados análisis cuantitativos y cualitativos, considerando variables e indicadores socio demográficos, relacionados con la satisfacción en el acceso a la cultura, la salud, las relaciones y dinámicas sociales, mediadas por una estructura social clasista y sociocultural que distingue especificidades en la biografía cultural de individuos y grupos. Se concedió importancia a la significación dada a la residencia como escenario relevante de la vida educacional, las percepciones de las relaciones múltiples y diversas entre los grupos que tienen presencia en ella, así como los niveles de diálogos en los ámbitos académicos, científicos y sociales. Se analizaron varios documentos, y se realizaron observaciones, entrevistas estructuradas y en profundidad. Desde este contexto se muestran las implicaciones del déficit teórico en la gestión formativa en la residencia universitaria, limitando el alcance del proyecto educativo como concreción curricular, para el desarrollo de procesos socializadores más coherentes. Se concluye que la ausencia de estas perspectivas teóricas en la educación superior posibilitaron que la visión política ocupara la primera interpretación del proceso, expresada en la acción solidaria y aun cuando se muestran resultados concretos de importancia en cuanto al número de alumnos graduados, el proceso formativo fue limitado en el diálogo profundo, la socialización cultural para la lograr la unidad en la diversidad.
Basal ganglia calcification as a putative cause for cognitive decline
Authors: Oliveira João Ricardo Mendes de , Oliveira Matheus Fernandes de
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Basal ganglia calcifications (BGC) may be present in various medical conditions, such as infections, metabolic, psychiatric and neurological diseases, associated with different etiologies and clinical outcomes, including parkinsonism, psychosis, mood swings and dementia. A literature review was performed highlighting the main neuropsychological findings of BGC, with particular attention to clinical reports of cognitive decline. Neuroimaging studies combined with neuropsychological analysis show that some patients have shown progressive disturbances of selective attention, declarative memory and verbal perseveration. Therefore, the calcification process might represent a putative cause for dementia syndromes, suggesting a probable link among calcinosis, the aging process and eventually with neuronal death. The increasing number of reports available will foster a necessary discussion about cerebral calcinosis and its role in determining symptomatology in dementia patients
Studies on semantic priming effects in right hemisphere stroke: A systematic review
Authors: Müller Juliana de Lima , Salles Jerusa Fumagalli de
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT The role of the right cerebral hemisphere (RH) associated with semantic priming effects (SPEs) must be better understood, since the consequences of RH damage on SPE are not yet well established. Objective: The aim of this article was to investigate studies analyzing SPEs in patients affected by stroke in the RH through a systematic review, verifying whether there are deficits in SPEs, and whether performance varies depending on the type of semantic processing evaluated or stimulus in the task. Methods: A search was conducted on the LILACS, PUBMED and PSYCINFO databases. Results: Out of the initial 27 studies identified, 11 remained in the review. Difficulties in SPEs were shown in five studies. Performance does not seem to vary depending on the type of processing, but on the type of stimulus used. Conclusion: This ability should be evaluated in individuals that have suffered a stroke in the RH in order to provide treatments that will contribute to their recovery.
Brief cognitive assessment of Alzheimer's disease in advanced stages: Proposal for a Brazilian version of the Short Battery for Severe Impairment (SIB-8)
Authors: Wajman José Roberto , Bertolucci Paulo Henrique Ferreira
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT The measurement of cognitive abilities of patients with severe dementia can serve a wide range of methodological and clinical needs. Objective: To validate a proposed severe impairment battery SIB-8 for a Brazilian population sample as part of the neuropsychological assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in advanced stages. Methods: After a systematic process of translation and back-translation, the SIB-8 was applied to 95 patients with AD at different stages; moderate, moderately severe and severe according to FAST subdivisions (5, 6 and 7), with scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) of between 5 and 15 and followed by the Division of Behavioral Neurology and the Center for Aging Brain of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP. Results: Inferential data revealed that the SIB-8 instrument behaved differently at each stage of the disease with a statistical value of sensitivity p<0.001, gradually reflecting the expected course of the dementia, inherent with the decline of cognitive functions. Conclusion: Findings indicated that the SIB-8 is a useful tool for the evaluation and prospective comparison of AD patients in advanced stages, retaining its original characteristics in our population.
Prevalence of brain calcifications in a Brazilian cohort: A retrospective study in radiology services
Authors: Oliveira Matheus Fernandes de , Silva Edison Barros e , Oliveira João Ricardo Mendes de
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Brain calcifications may be present in a wide range of neuropsychiatric, infectious traumatic, neoplastic and endocrine conditions, associated with motor and cognitive symptoms. They are often considered "physiologic" or pathologic. Objective: To determine the prevalence of brain calcifications in a Brazilian cohort. Methods: 1898 consecutive patients underwent skull CTs, comprising 836 men and 1062 women. Results: Among all 1898 patients, 333 (197 women and 136 men) presented with brain calcifications, representing an overall prevalence of 17.54%. The prevalence in the female group was 18.54% versus 16.26% in the male group. Conclusions: A growth in incidental findings on CT scans are likely as these exams become more widely available. However, a current debate between radiologists and regulators is set to redefine the CT usage, especially in the United States and the United Kingdom, considering new norms for use and radiation dosage per exam.
Hemostatic assessment of dogs associated with hepatic parasite load of Leishmania infantum chagasi
Authors: Torres Mariana de Medeiros , Almeida Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de , Paula Daphine Ariadne Jesus de , Mendonça Adriane Jorge , Nakazato Luciano , Pescador Caroline Argenta , Sousa Valéria Régia Franco
Published: June 2016

Abstract Leishmania infantum chagasi liver parasite load was compared to hemostatic abnormalities, as well as to clinical, laboratorial, and histopathological findings in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. The liver parasite load of 30 dogs L. infantum chagasi naturally-infected was evaluated by quantitative real- time PCR and the results were compared with serum biochemistry and primary and secondary hemostasis findings. Moreover, hepatic histological lesions were described in these dogs. Prolonged bleeding time, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), were observed in the group with visceral leishmaniasis. Eleven dogs presented inflammatory liver lesions, with predominance of mild multifocal mononuclear periportal hepatitis. No association between the presence of parasites and abnormalities in screening tests was observed by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The clinical progression in leishmaniasis is associated with the occurrence of hemorrhagic diathesis, which depends not only on the presence of the parasite but also the inflammatory process, compromised immunological response, hepatic and renal failure in symptomatic dogs.
Parasitological assessment in the hybrid surubim (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x P. corruscans), with uncommon occurrence of Monogenea parasites
Authors: Jerônimo Gabriela Tomas , Pádua Santiago Benites de , Ventura Arlene Sobrinho , Gonçalves Eduardo Luis Tavares , Ishikawa Márcia Mayumi , Martins Maurício Laterça
Published: June 2016

Abstract This study evaluated the parasite fauna of farmed hybrid surubim (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x P. corruscans) and the host-parasite-environment relationship in two fish farms located in Mato Grosso do Sul, Central Brazil, South America. A total of 120 hybrids from two different farms, 60 in each season (30 in the hot and 30 in cold season) were examined during a year. Water quality was weekly measured to evaluate the interaction among environmental conditions and parasitism. Histopathology was used to observe the effects of the parasites and environment on the fish gills. The ciliate protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and the monogeneans (Ameloblastella sp., Amphocleithrium paraguayensis, Vancleaveus ciccinus, V. fungulus and V. janacauensis) were the most prevalent parasites detected in both seasons in both farms, with prevalence above 80%. It was stated that parasites did not cause important damage in the health status of the hybrid surubim. These results might be related to general good management practices and environmental quality implemented by the fish farmers. The presence of uncommon monogenean parasites to this hybrid compared to their parents causing an environmental and ecological concern is here discussed.
Parasite communities of the predatory fish, Acestrorhynchus falcatus and Acestrorhynchus falcirostris, living in sympatry in Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Hoshino Maria Danielle Figueiredo Guimarães , Neves Lígia Rigôr , Tavares-Dias Marcos
Published: June 2016

Abstract This study investigated the parasite communities of wild Acestrorhynchus falcatus and Acestrorhynchus falcirostris populations living in sympatry in Brazilian Amazon. In these two hosts, a total of 12 parasite species e 1-9 parasite species were found per fish, and 10 of these species are metazoans. Eight species of parasites were common to both host species and four of them exhibited differences in abundance and/or prevalence. Parasite communities of the hosts were taxonomically similar (83%) and composed of both ectoparasites and endoparasites, and characterized by high prevalence and high abundance of endoparasites and an aggregated dispersion pattern. For A. falcirostris, the dominant parasite was Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, and for A. falcatus, it was Piscinoodinium pillulare. Shannon diversity and Berger-Parker dominance were similar for both hosts, while the parasites species richness and evenness showed differences influenced by the ectoparasites species. These two populations of hosts that inhabited the same geographical area had different sizes, but were exposed to the same infective stages, and acquired qualitatively and quantitatively similar endoparasites community, thus indicating that the amounts and types of prey congeneric that they were eating were similar. Therefore, the overlap in the same occurrence area play an important role in the parasite communities to these phylogenetically related hosts.
Neuronal projections from the Haller's organ and palp sensilla to the synganglion of Amblyomma americanum§
Authors: Borges Lígia Miranda Ferreira , Li Andrew Yongsheng , Olafson Pia Untalan , Renthal Robert , Bauchan Gary Roy , Lohmeyer Kimberly Hutchison , León Adalberto Angel Pérez de
Published: June 2016

Abstract The present study was conducted to elucidate the neuronal pathways between peripheral olfactory and taste sensilla and the synganglion in an Ixodidae tick species. The tarsus of the front legs (olfactory nerves) and the fourth palpal segment (gustatory nerves) of unfed Amblyomma americanum males and females were excised. A neuronal tracer, dextran tetramethylrhodamine, was used for filling of the sensory neurons. The synganglion preparations were examined using a confocal microscope. Neuronal arborizations from the Haller’s organ were confined to the olfactory lobes and the first pedal ganglion. The estimated number of olfactory glomeruli ranged from 16 to 22 per olfactory lobe in the females. The number of glomeruli was not counted in males because they were densely packed. Sensory neurons associated with sensilla at the distal end of the palpal organ projected into the palpal ganglion in the synganglion through the palpal nerve. Gustatory sensory neurons associated with palpal sensilla projected into a commissure with several bulges, which are confined in the palpal ganglion. The findings of distinct projection patterns of sensory neurons associated with the Haller’s organ and palpal organ in the lone star tick from this study advanced our knowledge on mechanisms of sensory information processing in ticks.
Composição florística e chave de identificação das macrófitas aquáticas ocorrentes em reservatórios do estado de Pernambuco
Authors: Lima Liliane Ferreira , Silva Simone Santos Lira , Moura-Júnior Edson Gomes de , Zickel Carmen Sílvia
Published: June 2016

Resumo Os estudos florísticos e taxonômicos de macrófitas aquáticas contribuem para a quantificação da flora, vislumbrando a riqueza e diversidade presente nos ecossistemas aquáticos. O presente estudo objetiva caracterizar a composição florística, fornecer chaves de identificação e detectar as formas biológicas das macrófitas aquáticas presentes em três reservatórios de abastecimento público, localizados em diferentes regiões fitogeográficas do estado de Pernambuco (Zona da Mata/Litoral, Agreste e Sertão). As coletas foram realizadas no período de abril de 2007 a fevereiro de 2010. Foram coletados indivíduos férteis ou não, encontrados na margem e interior dos reservatórios. Foram amostradas 59 espécies e 23 famílias, entre as quais foram mais representativas: Fabaceae (10 espécies), Asteraceae (9), Poaceae (8) e Cyperaceae (6). Dentre formas biológicas, as mais comuns foram as anfíbias com 36 espécies (61,01%) e as emergentes, com 14 espécies (23,73%). Comparativamente a outros estudos florísticos foi observado que as famílias mais representativas encontradas nesse estudo também são comuns a outros ecossistemas aquáticos. A elevada representatividade das anfíbias e emergentes deve-se, principalmente, a resistência dessas espécies a variação do volume de água nos reservatórios. Por se localizarem em diferentes zonas fitogeográficas, a flora dos reservatórios mostra-se bem distinta, com apenas uma espécie em comum.
Composição e distribuição de macrófitas aquáticas na lagoa da Restinga do Massiambu, Área de Proteção Ambiental Entorno Costeiro, SC
Authors: Alves Jonatha Alexandre Andrade , Tavares Aldaléa Sprada , Trevisan Rafael
Published: June 2016

Resumo Pesquisas com macrófitas aquáticas têm avançado significativamente no Brasil. Contudo, ainda é reconhecida a necessidade de estudos florísticos, particularmente relacionados à dinâmica da distribuição em lagoas costeiras. O presente estudo avaliou a composição e distribuição de macrófitas aquáticas na Lagoa da Restinga do Massiambu. No período de 2004 a 2007 foram realizados levantamentos da composição, estrutura e formas biológicas das espécies vegetais. Amostras da cobertura vegetal, declividade, nível de água e profundidade máxima foram registradas entre 2006 e 2007. Foram reconhecidas 63 espécies, sendo 48 formas biológicas puras e 15 em combinações. A lagoa revela alta riqueza de espécies, representadas pela ocorrência de táxons inéditos, tanto para área, quanto para o estado. No estudo quantitativo verificou-se maior riqueza de espécies nas zonas mais rasas da lagoa, onde o gradiente e a variação do nível de água criam uma maior diversidade de habitats. A profundidade mostrou-se um bom preditor da diversidade e riqueza de espécies. A declividade e a estrutura da comunidade estão associadas, modificando-se conjuntamente. As espécies possuem uma amplitude de ocorrência, tendendo a desenvolver maior cobertura em profundidades preferenciais. A distribuição da estrutura e composição das macrófitas aquáticas descreveram padrões espaciais que são corroborados em outros estudos similares para ambientes lacustres de águas rasas.