bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progressive Outcomes: is it a handy approach to support agile methods process improvement?
Authors: Fontana Rafaela Mantovani , Reinehr Sheila , Malucelli Andreia
Published: May 2021

While software engineering relies on reference models, such as CMMI-DEV, to improve its processes and gain maturity; agile teams that wish to sustain agility demand other guidelines to drive improvements. To address this need, in a previous study we have proposed the Progressive Outcomes Framework as a result of a research about how real agile teams evolve in agility. Although we could describe agile maturing mechanisms, we lacked a perception of how handy out approach would be to guide improvements. The objective of this study was, thus, to identify agile practitioners’ perception about the framework. We performed a survey with agile practitioners in Brazilian conferences and analyzed collected data using descriptive statistics. Results show that agile practitioners feel comfortable in following non- prescriptive guidelines, but they still lack guidance on how to improve in agility.
TAPN: Test Automation’s Pyramid of Needs
Authors: Rodrigues Anderson , Dias-Neto Arilo C. , Bezerra Allan
Published: May 2021

Testing is an essential activity to ensure quality of software systems, but it is expensive and time consuming. Thus, testing automation would be an alternative to improve test productivity and save costs. However, many organizations refuse to use test automation or had failed on implement it because they do not know how to deal with the implementation of a test automation strategy fitted to their goals and expectations. Most of them underestimate or have no knowledge about test automation factor of success. In addition, although there are many works and maturity models focused on improving the testing process, few ones focus on test automation issues. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a hierarchical model called Test Automation’s Pyramid of Needs (TAPN). TAPN is inspired in the Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs administration theory and it comprises five levels that influence on the success of test automation initiatives in software organizations. TAPN intends to help organizations to build their test automation strategy using good practices in test automation captured from the technical literature.
UseSkill: uma ferramenta de apoio a avaliação de usabilidade de sistemas Web
Authors: Souza Matheus M. C. , Oliveira Pedro A. , Ribeiro Rafael F. , Britto Ricardo S. , Santos Neto Pedro
Published: May 2021

A avaliação de usabilidade de sistemas Web é crucial para aumentar sua aceitação perante seus usuários finais. Entretanto, a complexidade e os custos associados a avaliação de usabilidade desencorajam a execução dessa atividade. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se a ferramenta UseSkill, que visa facilitar a execução desse tipo de avaliação. A ferramenta compara as açoes realizadas por usuários “experientes” e usuários sem conhecimentos no sistema, denominados “novatos”. Um experimento foi realizado para avaliar a ferramenta proposta. Os resultados mostram que é possível identificar problemas de usabilidade com base nas diferenças entre o comportamento de usuarios, de forma distribuída, facilitando assim a aplicação desse tipo de teste.
Avaliação da Gerência de Incidentes sob a Luz do MR-MPS-SV e Medição para Apoiar a Melhoria da Qualidade do Serviço de TI
Authors: Trinkenreich Bianca , Santos Gleison
Published: May 2021

O objetivo principal do gerenciamento de incidentes é restaurar o nível de serviço o mais rápido possível. Prestadores de serviços buscam continuamente métodos eficientes para medir e gerenciar seus serviços. Um processo de medição adequado ajuda a compreender as capacidades e desenvolver planos viáveis para entregar os serviços dentro da qualidade acordada. Este artigo apresenta a avaliação do processo de Gerência de Incidentes de uma empresa global de grande porte, sob a luz do MR-MPS-SV, e propõe um processo para seleção de medidas multiprocessos a partir do mapeamento e dos objetivos da organização para apoiar a melhoria de serviços de TI.
O Ensino Integrado de Gestão de Qualidade de Software e Engenharia de Software Aplicada como Modelo de Educação Interdisciplinar: Um Relato de Experiência no Ensino de Graduação
Authors: Aguiar Yuska P. C. , Saraiva Juliana , Dias Jorge , Malheiros Yuri
Published: May 2021

O processo ensino-aprendizagem de disciplinas relacionadas à Qualidade de Software pode ser dificultado pela natureza abstrata dos conceitos ensinados. Este artigo apresenta o relato de experiência da aplicação de uma abordagem interdisciplinar entre as disciplinas de Gestão de Qualidade de Software (GQS) e Engenharia de Software Aplicada (ESA), onde os processos, projetos e produtos desenvolvidos na disciplina de ESA foram avaliados pelos alunos de GQS. Foram envolvidos 38 alunos avaliando 5 projetos reais. Com adoção desse modelo, foi possível observar uma melhor compreensão do conteúdo pelos alunos, a aprovação do método de ensino e o melhor preparo dos alunos para o mercado da indústria de software.
Uma Abordagem Para Reestruturação de Sistemas de Software Orientados a Objetos
Authors: Santos Danilo , Afonso Júnior Paulo , Costa Heitor
Published: May 2021

A qualidade de software é uma das principais preocupações desde as fases iniciais de desenvolvimento do software. Para isso, o software deve evoluir constantemente para atender as necessidades dos usuários e do ambiente (lei da mudança contínua). Por isso, são realizadas manutenções no software. Mas, se as manutenções forem conduzidas em discordância aos padrões de projeto empregados e às melhores práticas de programação, o software se tornará progressivamente mais acoplado e menos coeso, degradando sua qualidade, pois se torna menos modularizado. Assim, neste artigo, é proposta uma abordagem para reestruturar sistemas de software baseada na movimentação de classes entre pacotes para aprimorar a modularização e a manutenibilidade desses sistemas, melhorando sua qualidade estrutural. A movimentação de classes é determinada por uma heurística de otimização combinatória (Simulated Annealing). O resultado da avaliação indica que essa abordagem aprimora simultaneamente o acoplamento e a coesão do software, movimentando baixo percentual de classes, sem afetar estrutura de pacotes do software.
Uso de uma abordagem baseada em gamificação para a disseminação da cultura de treinamento em uma empresa de tecnologia da informação: Um relato de experiência
Authors: Gonçalves Ana Carolina De Sousa , Jucá Emanuelle Nogueira , Amancio Francisco Dione de Sousa
Published: May 2021

O avanço tecnológico alinhado à competitividade de mercado vem fazendo com que empresas busquem formas de aumentar sua produtividade por meio da capacitação e qualificação de seus colaboradores. No entanto, para tal é necessário a participação ativa e motivação dos mesmos. Baseado nisto, este relato de experiência apresenta a aplicação de uma abordagem baseada em gamificação estruturada na forma de uma gincana para disseminar a cultura de treinamentos no corpo funcional e atingir a meta do indicador de treinamentos de uma empresa de tecnologia da informação.
Utilizando Modelagem de Interação para Projetar uma Aplicação Móvel Multiusuário: Um Relato de Experiência
Authors: Lopes Adriana , Valentim Natasha , Moraes Bruna , Zilse Renata , Conte Tayana
Published: May 2021

Modelos de interação especificam a estrutura e o comportamento do sistema durante a interação do usuário. Desta forma, estes modelos podem melhorar a qualidade de uso, uma vez que auxiliam engenheiros de software a projetarem as funcionalidades do sistema. Além disso, os modelos permitem a identificação de possíveis dificuldades de interação. Este artigo relata a experiência de uma equipe de projeto com modelos de interação durante o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação móvel. Os modelos foram usados como base para construir outros artefatos, como casos de uso. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que houve melhor compreensão da equipe sobre a aplicação móvel, diminuindo o retrabalho na construção dos demais artefatos.
Facilitando a Aprendizagem Organizacional em Melhoria de Processo de Software
Authors: Viana Davi , Conte Tayana , De Souza Cleidson
Published: May 2021

Melhorias em Processos de Software (MPS) envolvem diversos conhecimentos que podem ser novos para os colaboradores, e consequentemente, podem necessitar de Aprendizagem Organizacional (AO). Contudo, não é trivial aplicar a AO em Organizações de Software. Assim, este trabalho apresenta o Framework KL-SPI (Knowledge and Learning to facilitate Software Process Improvement). Este framework foi definido a partir de investigações em organizações de software e um mapeamento da literatura. Como principais resultados desta pesquisa, tem-se o desenvolvimento de um modelo conceitual para guiar a identificação de práticas de AO e um conjunto de práticas que visam facilitar a AO em iniciativas de MPS.
Maturity in Agile Software Development
Authors: Fontana Rafaela Mantovani , Reinehr Sheila , Malucelli Andreia
Published: May 2021

This paper summarizes the main objectives, research approach, and contributions of the doctoral dissertation named as “Maturity in Agile Software Development”. It was developed in the Graduate Program in Informatics of the Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, from 2013 to 2015. The study was ́developed with the objective to characterize maturity in agile software development, as a means to guide agile teams in software process improvements. Our results contribute to the software engineering body of knowledge by showing a picture of maturity in agile teams that goes beyond defining and controlling processes, as usually stated by reference models.
An Ontology-Based Approach for Software Measurement Systems Integration
Authors: Fonseca Vinícius Soares , Barcellos Monalessa Perini , Falbo Ricardo De Almeida
Published: May 2021

Software measurement is performed in the context of various software processes that, generally, have different supporting tools. Thus, organizations have to deal with integration issues to enable the communication between tools and to properly support the measurement process. A key factor for integration is that tools share a common understanding regarding the meaning of the exchanged terms and services, i.e., it is important to deal with integration at the semantic level. Ontologies have been acknowledged as an important means to address semantic integration. In this paper we present the Ontology-Based Approach for Measurement Systems Integration (OBA-MSI), an approach that uses ontologies as a basis to integrate tools aiming at supporting the software measurement process. In order to evaluate OBA-MSI, it was applied to integrate tools in a software development organization.
Die betriebliche Mitbestimmung im Zusammenhang mit Transferleistungen nach §§ 110, 111 SGB III
Authors: Jenning Dominik
Published: May 2021

Measures supporting employment for employees who lose their jobs due to a change in the company or who are not taken on at the end of their vocational training are eligible for funding through transfer payments under Sec. 110, 111 of the Third Book of the Social Code (SGB III). The payments are tied to conditions that must also be fulfilled by employers alone and in cooperation with works councils. The author examines which participation rights works councils are entitled to in this context. In particular, the question arises if employers can be obliged to fulfil the conditions. The author comes to the conclusion that this is possible in social plan proceedings and shows when the conciliation board must establish a transfer social plan.
Der rechtliche Rahmen für kooperatives Verteidigungs- und Verteidigerverhalten in unternehmensbezogenen Strafverfahren
Authors: Wagner Sebastian
Published: May 2021

In der Praxis unternehmensbezogener Strafverfahren hängt die Effektivität der Verteidigung nicht selten davon ab, inwieweit die verschiedenen Betroffenen und deren Verteidiger miteinander kooperieren. Ausgehend von einer Darstellung der den beschuldigten Unternehmensangehörigen sowie dem Unternehmensträger drohenden rechtlichen und faktischen Konsequenzen und der darauf basierenden Verteidigungsinteressen analysiert der Verfasser den Rahmen, den die Rechtsordnung einer solche Verteidigungs- bzw. Verteidigerkooperation setzt. Neben einer Untersuchung der bestehenden materiell-rechtlichen Grenzen wird dabei insbesondere auch den Fragen nachgegangen, inwiefern die einzelnen Verfahrensbetroffenen zu einem kooperativen Verhalten verpflichtet sind und in welchem Maße die Leitung des betroffenen Unternehmens rechtlich in der Lage ist, konfligierende Verteidigungsinteressen durch das Setzen bestimmter Anreize, wie etwa die Übernahme von Verteidigungskosten, zu egalisieren.
Horst Wolfram Geißler (1893–1983)
Authors: Schulz-Nieswandt Frank
Published: May 2021

This study analyses the work of Horst Wolfram Geißler and his poetics in the context of the post-1945 period. Its hermeneutical reconstruction focuses on questions relating to ontological reflections on freedom and destiny with regard to developmental challenges during the life cycle of individuals. Its central question relates to understanding the role of cheerfulness and merriment in confrontation with existential tasks of meaningfulness. The study’s autobiographical dimensions facilitate certain relevant intertextual mechanisms of hermeneutics. Understanding the compensatory role of the poetics of cheerfulness and merriment in relation to the melancholy and negativity of social reality’s critical theory is also one of its key points.
Die Rechtfertigung medizinischer Notfallbehandlungen nicht ansprechbarer Patienten
Authors: Bergschneider Michael
Published: May 2021

When treating unresponsive patients, the sword of Damocles hangs over emergency medicine and those involved in it in the form of liability and criminal law. The aim of this thesis is to resolve the tension between the right of self-determination and the protection of life, which is becoming particularly virulent in criminal law. After a comprehensive review of the state of opinion in criminal law, an interdisciplinary approach is used to present an alternative solution. This approach is convincing due to the realization of both constitutional rights as well as the minimization of liability and criminal liability risks. The thesis also offers important guidelines for practical action and thus contributes to increased legal certainty.
Effect of Operating Parameters and Foreign Ions on the Crystal Growth of Calcium Carbonate during Scale Formation: An Overview
Authors: Korchef Atef
Published: May 2021

Due to the insufficiency of freshwater resources and to supply the drinking water populations, many desalination processes such as reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and distillation are widely used. However, these processes are of large-scale consumers of energy and confronted with various problems such as corrosion and scale formation. In most cases, scales are made of calcium carbonate CaCO3. In the present chapter, an overview on the effect of operating parameters such as temperature, pH and supersaturation on the precipitation kinetics, microstructure, and polymorphism of CaCO3 is given. Additionally, I put special emphasis on the effect of foreign ions such as magnesium, sulphate, and iron ions on CaCO3 precipitation since they are present at significant concentrations in natural waters. Also, the mechanisms by which these ions affect the crystal growth of CaCO3 were pointed out. Knowledge about these operating parameters as well as the effects of foreign ions allow elucidating the polymorphs growth during water treatment. The control of these operating parameters allows reducing scale formation during drinking water and wastewater treatment. The economic impact is of greatest importance since this favorably affects the treatment costs, increases the equipment life, and allows enhanced product water recovery.
Dementia and Nutrition
Authors: Prasad Pathak Krishna , Mattos Emanuela
Published: May 2021

Global aging population worldwide increasing. As growing age, the aging related issues like dementia came to be seen not as an inevitable condition at the old age phase, but as a condition that results from the competition between multiple risk factors and protective factors acquired throughout life. There is currently no cure for dementia. Thus, strategies to prevent or delay onset of dementia by changes in lifestyle factors, such as diet, are important as non-pharmacological therapy. A healthy nutrition contributes in delaying the cognitive decline for the elderly people and dementia patients. Cognitive decline is a normal part of the aging process and it is a main clinical identification in between elderly and dementia. The group of B Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12) are significantly associated with healthy neuropsychological function. The lack of B12 can show impairment of cognition and neurologic deficit and impacts on educational achievement. The cognitive impairment is a main clinical symptom of dementia which can raise the prevalence rates of cognitive impairment that can be dementia accordingly at the end of life.
Genomic Tools to Accelerate Improvement in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
Authors: Lata Suman , Kumar Yadav Ramesh , Tomar B.S.
Published: May 2021

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench), is an important vegetable crop with limited studies on genomics. It is considered as an essential constituent for balanced food due to its dietary fibers, amino-acid and vitamins. It is most widely cultivated for its pods throughout Asia and Africa. Most of the okra cultivation is done exclusively in the developing countries of Asia and Africa with very poor productivity. India ranks first in the world with a production of 6.3 million MT (72% of the total world production). Cultivated okra is mostly susceptible to a large number of begomoviruses. Yellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD) caused by Yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) of genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) results in the serious losses in okra cultivation. Symptoms of YVMD are chlorosis and yellowing of veins and veinlets at various levels, small size leaves, lesser and smaller fruits, and stunting growth. The loss in yield, due to YVMD in okra was found ranging from 30 to 100% depending on the age of the plant at the time of infection. Exploitation of biotechnological tools in okra improvement programmes is often restricted, due to the non availability of abundant polymorphic molecular markers and defined genetic maps. Moreover, okra genome is allopolyploid in nature and possess a large number of chromosomes (2n = 56–196) which makes it more complicated. Genomics tools like RNA- seq. for transcriptome analysis has emerged as a powerful tool to identify novel transcript/gene sequences in non-model plants like okra.
Acute Postoperative Infectious Endophthalmitis: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: E. Hernandez-Da Mota Sergio , Luis Guerrero-Naranjo Jose , Dalma-Weiszhausz Jose , Velez-Montoya Raul , H. Gonzalez-Cortes Jesus
Published: May 2021

Acute postoperative infectious endophthalmitis remains one of the most dreaded complications of ophthalmic surgery. One of the keys to success in treating this complication is to make an early clinical diagnosis and, if possible, an etiologic diagnosis that can guide treatment with antibiotic therapy. Different antibiotic therapy modalities have emerged over the years that have made it possible to treat even resistant strains of various microorganisms that cause endophthalmitis. Another relevant advance made in the etiological diagnosis of endophthalmitis is the advent of molecular biology techniques, such as the real-time polymerase chain reaction, which can detect minimal amounts of the genetic material of the causative microorganism present in the vitreous in a short period of time, thus improving treatment outcomes with better-guided therapy with intravitreal antibiotics. Aside from advances in postoperative diagnosis methods, the surgical treatment of endophthalmitis has had significant improvements in vitrectomy techniques, and in many cases, it has been proposed as the first-line treatment concomitantly with intravitreal antibiotic therapy. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that prophylaxis with intracameral antibiotic therapy further decreases postoperative endophthalmitis incidence.
Brain Computer Interface Drone
Authors: Hari Hara Nithin Reddy Manupati
Published: May 2021

Brain-Computer Interface has emerged from dazzling experiments of cognitive scientists and researchers who dig deep into the conscious of the human brain where neuroscience, signal processing, machine learning, physical sciences are blended together and neuroprosthesis, neuro spellers, bionic eyes, prosthetic arms, prosthetic legs are created which made the disabled to walk, a mute to express and talk, a blind to see the beautiful world, a deaf to hear, etc. My main aim is to analyze the frequency domain signal of the brain signals of 5 subjects at their respective mental states using an EEG and show how to control a DJI Tello drone using Insight EEG then present the results and interpretation of band power graph, FFT graph and time-domain signals graph of mental commands during the live control of the drone.
Indium (In)-Catalyzed Silicon Nanowires (Si NWs) Grown by the Vapor–Liquid–Solid (VLS) Mode for Nanoscale Device Applications
Authors: Ajmal Khan M. , Ishikawa Yasuaki
Published: May 2021

Stacking fault free and planar defects (twin plane) free catalyzed Si nanowires (Si NWs) is essential for the carrier transport in the nanoscale devices applications. In this chapter, In-catalyzed, vertically aligned and cone-shaped Si NWs arrays were grown by using vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mode on Si (111) substrates. We have successfully controlled the verticality and (111)-orientation of Si NWs as well as scaled down the diameter to 18 nm. The density of Si NWs was also enhanced from 2.5 μm−2 to 70 μm−2. Such vertically aligned, (111)-oriented p-type Si NWs are very important for the nanoscale device applications including Si NWs/c-Si tandem solar cells and p-Si NWs/n-InGaZnO Heterojunction LEDs. Next, the influence of substrate growth temperature (TS), cooling rate (∆TS/∆𝑡) on the formation of planar defects, twining along [112] direction and stacking fault in Si NWs perpendicular to (111)-orientation were deeply investigated. Finally, one simple model was proposed to explain the formation of stacking fault, twining of planar defects in perpendicular direction to the axial growth direction of Si NWs. When the TS was decreased from 600°C with the cooling rate of 100°C/240 sec to room temperature (RT) after Si NWs growth then the twin planar defects perpendicular to the substrate and along different segments of (111)-oriented Si NWs were observed.
Integrative Activities with Suppliers and Customers to Achieve Supply Chain Integration
Authors: Molina-Quintana Bertha , Vaamonde-Liste Antonio , Berta Quintana-León María
Published: May 2021

This paper analyzes nine integrative activities about demand forecasts, production plans, long-term relationships, joint planning, information through technologies, product development processes, product design processes, joint goals, that companies do in their daily activities with suppliers and customers in order to achieve supply chain integration. The objective is to analyze these integrative activities to determine if it exists collaboration among external partners of the supply chain in the food industry companies, to know the level or intensity of the exchange of information, communication and collaboration between companies and their external partners of suppliers and customers. The measurement instrument was applied to 93 companies from the food industry sector of Michoacán, México which are divided into nine sectors; grinding grains and seeds, obtaining oils and fats, confectionery with and without cocoa, preserving fruits, vegetables and prepared foods, dairy products, meat and poultry processing, preparation and packaging of fish and seafood, bakery and tortillas. The Integrative activities are analyzed by means of statistical descriptions, paired samples test, one-sided contrast, mean difference and confidence intervals and associations. The results indicate that the difference is always in favor of customers than for suppliers.
Mental Health Issues during Covid-19 Pandemic in Portuguese Prisons
Authors: Abrunhosa Gonçalves Rui , Andrade Joana
Published: May 2021

During imprisonment, inmates face many difficulties to adapt to prison life well depicted in either classical works or recent research. They usually face many struggles related to the lack of contact with their families. For instance, the less the number of prison visits, the higher levels of aggressiveness and, consequently, the lower levels of adaptation. Additionally, this population is already problematic in “normal conditions” of their imprisonment. When facing crisis – such as the Covid-19 pandemic – their mental and emotional conditions become even worst. Inmates may experience higher levels of anxiety and stress due to the uncertain and high-risk circumstances they are all living. In addition, the deprivations of the support from their families, combined with the higher risk they are exposed due to the danger of Covid-19 virus’ contamination, substantially increase their concerns and could contribute to their lack of adjustment. The present chapter refers to the policies implemented by the Portuguese Prison Administration to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic and a provisional balance of its effects after one year of implementation. Besides information regarding inmate’s mental health conditions during pandemic, data on recidivism rates and criminal activity will also be discussed concerning their implication for future penitentiary policies.
Psychiatric Services and Teaching during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Romania
Authors: Valentina Micluţia Ioana
Published: May 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has been declared in Romania on the 16th March 2020.The medical system reacted promptly: chronic patients had to be discharged within 48 h and further scheduled admittances were postponed, adequate epidemiological measures and circuits were organized. Anxiety, insomnia, frustration, binge eating, domestic violence were reported. The majority respected the general advises but soon, persons selected their information sources rather from social media, being victims of the infodemia and peculiar conspirationist theories. A new disorder has been described: coronaphobia. The psychiatric hospitals and outpatient settings had to reduce or innactivate their activity, switch as much as possible to TelePsychiatry. Psychiatry admittances were: onsets of psychosis, relapses of schizophrenia and alcohol, other psychoactive substances abuses, intoxications, and withdrawal states. Later, there were depressions, bipolar disorders, suicide attempts, self-harm in borderline disorder, dementia and delirium. Due to the closure of outpatient units for several months, patients visited the Emergency rooms. Personnel experienced burnout and new psychiatric pathology developed in the aftermath of Covid-19 infection. A big relief occurred with the initial vaccination of the medical staff and seniors, chronically ill persons, psychiatric patients being again left behind. Medical teaching shifted entirely to online and in 2021 the hybrid teaching system has been employed.
AI-Powered Workforce Management and Its Future in India
Authors: Roy Mrinmoy
Published: May 2021

Day in and day out, the Workforce Department faces new problems and operational demands. It is very important for the department to respond quickly and understand the best possible action to be taken in each single case. It is unknown in a compromised setting of near-constant shifts in forecast and scheduling, increased customer demands, and changing recruitment and retention of employees. Workforce management around the world has begun to use artificial intelligence (AI)-based workforce management (WFM) software to solve the above problems and reach goals. These tools transform workforce management by helping to anticipate and plan short- and long-term planning. These tools improve Workforce Management by helping to predict short- and long-term scheduling and recruiting requirements, communicate with staff, and at the right time bring customers in contact with the right agent. This chapter addresses AI workforce management intervention and WFM instruments with industry-specific case studies and its experience with the product Workforce Dimensions. Present status and future expectations are also critically reviewed. Techniques of AI and machine learning (ML) are transforming industries, as are goods from thermostats to cars. The global enterprise value generated from AI continues to grow, according to Gartner, and is projected to reach up to $ 3.9 trillion by 2022. But what do these approaches mean for workforce management in the field? The current chapter examines the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in various HRM functions, as well as the ongoing debate about the expected decline in the usability of human resources in organizations. In the presence of AI in the workplace, HR practitioners are constantly afraid of being replaced by computers/robots/smart business machines. The study aims to recognize AI’s important contribution to enhancing organizational decision-making processes, as well as to enhance awareness of AI’s acceptability and inclusion in the HRM department. Despite the fact that the combination of AI and HRM is attracting a large number of researchers, many aspects of the field remain unexplored. The current research proposes a collaborative approach by stressing the complementary role of HRM in the successful use of AI, and it contributes to the existing literature. Since AI and HR are so intertwined, organizations should concentrate on incorporating AI as a supporting tool for HR rather than attempting to take over HR’s function. Business systems and smart business machines should be designed in such a way that they cannot produce results without the help of HR.
The Science and Philosophy of Emotional Intelligence: A Pragmatic Perspective
Authors: K. Jain Ajay
Published: May 2021

This article is aimed at exploring the relevance of the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) from a pragmatic perspective. Although the empirical and conceptual articles are written and published on EI, however it does not suffice the purpose for a practitioner of EI who is naïve to the field of EI, either s/he does not understand the psychological literature or does not have time to study EI in great details. Hence, this article is written from a naïve perspective to make the concept useful and that could be used in our daily life. Drawn from psychological literature, this article is simplifying a complex relationship between human intelligence and emotions and clarifies our understanding about the cognitive and affective spheres of human personality. Further, the article also explains the evolutionary or biological basis of EI and also suggests a managerial use of EI for the field of leadership and decision making. The chapter concludes with a developmental focus of EI. The article is mainly using observations and anecdotes based on the author’s personal experience from his training programs with more than ten thousand managers in India and taught students in Denmark, Italy and South Africa.
Contractile Effects of Radiofrequency Energized Helium Plasma on the Fibrous Septal Network
Authors: B. Doolabh Vaishali
Published: May 2021

Body contouring with liposuction has evolved significantly from the early approach of simply debulking excess fatty tissue, to affecting the mechanical properties of different tissue types and layers. Operative paradigms have been expanded to apply energy-based technologies intraoperatively to provide more uniform aspiration, selective fatty tissue emulsification in soft and fibrous body areas, minimize trauma to nerves and vessels, expose the fibrous septal network, reduce operator fatigue and help deliver smooth shapes with less discomfort and bruising. Advanced refinements with the delivery of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency energy for soft tissue heating have been shown to reduce the residual soft tissue laxity that often follows voluminous fat removal. The Renuvion® (Apyx™ Medical, Clearwater, FL) radiofrequency powered helium plasma technology introduces an emerging concept in which the delivery of subdermal thermal energy preferentially coagulates the fascia and fibrous septal network through a conductive helium plasma stream seeking the path of least resistance, which in turn results in collagen contraction and tissue shrinkage that permits re-draping of the skin and enhanced definition. The physics and mechanics of Renuvion® subdermal soft tissue coagulation will be presented, along with clinical applications that have provided the authors more contouring finesse and has augmented liposuction outcomes.
Premalignant Conditions of Larynx
Authors: Mehta Nitika , Tabassum Saima
Published: May 2021

Premalignant conditions of larynx encompass a variety of lesions that have the potential to evolve into malignant changes. The dysplastic premalignant epithelial changes of larynx have significantly increased Risk of developing in cancer than the hyperplastic stage of epithelial changes and this transformation significantly depends on the grade of dysplasia. Therefore, early diagnosis & prompt treatment should thus prevent the development of invasive carcinoma requiring more debilitating surgical resection. The histopathological examination is diagnostic & the evolution of advanced laryngoscopic surgical procedures including CO2 laser and newer treatment methods such as photodynamic therapy has shown promising results in their management.
Seagrass Metabolomics: A New Insight towards Marine Based Drug Discovery
Authors: Jeyapragash Danaraj , Saravanakumar Ayyappan , Yosuva Mariasingarayan
Published: May 2021

Metabolomics is one of the new field of “Omics” approach and the youngest triad of system biology, which provides a broad prospective of how metabolic networks are controlled and indeed emerged as a complementary tool to functional genomics with well-established technologies for genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. Though, metabolite profiling has been carried out for decades, owing to decisive mechanism of a molecule regulation, the importance of some metabolites in human regimen and their use as diagnostic markers is now being recognized. Plant metabolomics therefore aims to highlight the characterization of metabolite pool of a plant tissue in response to its environment. Seagrassses, a paraphyletic group of marine hydrophilous angiosperms which evolved three to four times from land plants back to the sea. Seagrasses share a number of analogous acquired metabolic adaptations owing to their convergent evolution, but their secondary metabolism varied among the four families that can be considered as true seagrasses. From a chemotaxonomic point of view, numerous specialized metabolites have often been studied in seagrasses. Hence, this chapter focus the metabolome of seagrasses in order to explore their bioactive properties and the recent advancements adopted in analytical technology platforms to study the non-targeted metabolomics of seagrasses using OMICS approach.
The Real Self and the Ideal Self
Authors: Irtelli Floriana , Durbano Federico , Marchesi Barbara
Published: May 2021

Every human psychic aspect, even the development of the Self, cannot be considered separately from the financial and cultural context in which it is inserted: ad a Matteo of fact the realization of individual freedom is correlated to broader economic and social changes, which influence the individual on self-realization. In the chapter, various theories about this topic and about the ideal self are explored, and it concludes by considering that self expression helps people to satisfy their real emotions and their real self, it also highlights the fact that self-realization and self-expression are among the highest needs on the human needs scale, and they affect human health.
An Overview of Salmonella Biofilms and the Use of Bacteriocins and Bacteriophages as New Control Alternatives
Authors: Lamas Alexandre , Regal Patricia , Sanjulián Laura , López-Santamarina Aroa , Manuel Franco Carlos , Cepeda Alberto
Published: May 2021

Salmonella is a major food-borne pathogen around the world. In the European Union (EU), this pathogen is responsible of more than 90,000 human cases of salmonellosis every year. Salmonellosis in normally linked to the consumption of contaminated food, especially poultry products as meat, eggs and the products elaborated with them. Several control measures have been implemented in the EU to reduce the prevalence of Salmonella in the food chain. However, the ability of Salmonella to form biofilm along the food chain difficult its eradication. Also, ineffective cleaning and disinfection measures favors biofilm formation. The widespread use of biocides along the food chain has led to the emergence of resistant Salmonella strains. Therefore, it is necessary to look for alternatives to biocides to eradicate Salmonella biofilms. In this chapter we evaluate the use of bacteriocins and bacteriophages and their derivatives as a new alternative to eliminate Salmonella biofilms along the food chain.
Coronavirus Disease: Epidemiology, Aetiology, Pathophysiology and Involvement of the Cardiovascular System
Authors: C. Gaze David
Published: May 2021

Since the emergence in China of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in December 2019; the virus causing the pandemic has infected the human population in almost every country and territory on the globe. At the time of writing there are over 84 million confirmed cases of infection and over 1.8 million deaths globally. Rates of infection differ as does the number of severe cases and subsequent deaths between countries and continents. This is due in part to lockdown measures, social distancing and wearing of face coverings. It is also reflected by how healthcare systems record coronavirus deaths along with access to testing as well as tracking and tracing of infected individuals. Symptoms of COVID-19 include a novel persistent cough, fever and anosmia (loss of smell). In most cases, such symptoms are mild. A small proportion of those who become infected however, have a severe reaction to the disease affecting multiple organ systems and often require respiratory support in the intensive care setting. One such physiological system affected is the cardiovascular system. This is likely due to the increased number of ACE2 receptors in co-morbid cardiac pathologies. ACE2 receptors serve as the entry port for the coronavirus into human cells. Those individuals with underlying cardiovascular risk factors are therefore disproportionately at risk of COVID-19 infection. This chapter reviews the aetiology and epidemiology of the coronavirus infection; potential pathophysiological mechanisms of disease involving the cardiovascular system including the clinical utility of biomarkers, electrocardiography and echocardiography as well as autopsy cardiac pathology and histopathology.
Factors Associated With Hospitalisation of Copd Exacerbations During a Winter Season In an Emergency Ward
Authors: AKIN KABALAK Pınar
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a difficult chronic illness to manage because it causes prolonged hospital admissions and repeated applications. We aimed to examine the factors affecting this situation in a winter emergency in a chest diseases emergency. Material and Method: We conducted a retrospective study in our emergency department (ED) with patients who admitted due to COPD exacerbations. Factors affecting hospitalization and ICU requirement were evaluated.

Results: Totally 128 patients were included. Mean number for ED admissions was 3.01±2.1. There were 73 (57%) hospitalized patients and 17(13.3%) patients transferred to intensive care unit (ICU). White blood cell (WBC) and C reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher in patients with ≥3 ED admissions than others (p=0.06 and p=0.007 respectively). Among categorical variables being current smoker, long time oxygen therapy (LTOT) and non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) devices and existence of bronchiectasis were related to frequent ED admission (p=0.025, p=0.01, p=0.046 and p=0.028 respectively). Existence of pneumonia and comorbidities had positive and significant correlations with hospitalization (r=0.18, p=0.04 and r=0.26, p=0.02). In terms of ICU requirement, pneumonia, partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) value and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAB) had significant correlations (r=0.27, p=0.001, r=0.34, p
What Do Medical Students Think About HIV/AIDS? Student thoughts on HIV / AIDS
Authors: KESMEZ CAN Fatma
Published: May 2021

Objective: With this study, we wanted to reduce the transmission of HIV/AIDS and to improve the attitudes and behaviors of physician candidates towards HIV/AIDS patients. For this reason, we first measured the knowledge levels of the students. Raising awareness of doctor candidates is a strategic move to protect against HIV / AIDS and to make these patients benefit from health services without any problem.

Methods: Using a questionnaire, we measured HIV/AIDS knowledge levels of students (960) who were continuing their education in the medical school of Atatürk University. The questionnaire consisted of five parts: demographic characteristics, general information, ways of transmission, ways of protection, attitudes, and behaviors. Ethics committee permission was obtained for the study and the survey data were analyzed in SPSS 20 package program.

Results: We noticed that physician candidates, especially ethical issues, were confused in some questions. The results were not enough for medical school. 960 volunteers participated in the study, of which 532 (55.4%) were women and 428 (44.6%) were men. The students knew that an HIV carrier and a patient diagnosed with AIDS are different from each other (78.2%). They said that HIV is a virus that weakens the immune system (86%) and AIDS has no radical treatment (97.4%). However, students' answers about pregnant women and nursing mothers were discrepancy.

Conclusion: We saw that young people need education on HIV/AIDS. For this reason, a training seminar was given by the academicians at Atatürk University on World AIDS Day. The students who participated in our study and education stated that they were not afraid of the patients with AIDS and learned the subject. We expect that this training will improve the approach of doctor candidates to the patient and that the provision of training in all faculties will reduce the increase in HIV / AIDS.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome In Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Its Relation To Attacks
Authors: BÖLÜK Cem
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective: Knowledge about bidirectional microbiome-gut-brain interactions has gradually increased in multiple sclerosis (MS) and many other diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in MS patients, to compare with a control group and to identify the relationship between MS attacks and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.

Methods: Patients with at least a two-year diagnosis of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) from our outpatient clinic were included in the study. The duration of disease, expanded disability status scale and time of MS attacks were recorded. ROME- IV criteria were used for diagnosis of IBS. Results were compared with the control group. IBS symptoms prior to, during and after an attack were recorded and their relationship to MS attacks was investigated.

Results: 93 RRMS patients and 101 controls were included in this study. The prevalence rate of IBS was found to be 16.1% (n=15) in MS patients and 8.9% (n=9) in the control group. No significant difference can be found in IBS prevalence rate between MS patients and controls (p=0.127). MS attacks had no significant effect on constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain and distention.

Conclusion: This study showed that MS patients have a similar IBS prevalence to the control group. In addition, MS attacks have no significant effect on GI symptoms.
Major Sitolojik Anormalliklerde Kolposkopik Histopatoloji Sonuçlarımız: Tersiyer bir Merkezde 5 Yıllık Deneyim
Authors: KOÇ Sevgi
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Sitoloji sonucu AGC, ASCH ve HSIL olan kadınlardaki kolposkopik girişimler sonucu tanı konulan yüksek dereceli servikal preinvaziv lezyon ve kanser(HSIL+) oranlarını Human Papillomavirus (HPV) durumu ve yaşa bağlı olarak karşılaştırmaktı.

Yöntemler: Ocak 2015-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz kolposkopi ünitesine başvuran sitoloji sonucu AGC, ASCH ve HSIL olan ve ilk kez kolposkopi yapılan 387 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Çalışmaya alınan hastalar histopatolojik HSIL ve kanser sonuçları açısından HPV durumu ve yaş grupları: 30 altı, 30-39, 40-49 ve 50 ve üstü şeklinde tabakalandırılarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: AGC, ASCH ve HSIL sitoloji gruplarında HSIL oranları sırasıyla %14,7, %40,8 ve %60,4’tür; kanser oranları ise sırasıyla %9,1, %3,2 ve %12,4 olarak bulunmuştur. HPV16 ve HPV18 tiplerinin AGC, ASCH ve HSIL gruplarındaki oranları sırasıyla %56,2, %84,4 ve %88,9’dur. HPV durumuna göre HPV16/18 pozitif AGC, ASCH ve HSIL sitoloji gruplarında HSIL+ oranları sırasıyla %50, %54.8 ve %81,5’dir. Sitoloji gruplarındaki invaziv kanserler yaşa göre değerlendirildiğinde; 30 yaş altında her üç grupta da invaziv kanser saptanmamış olup 30-39, 40-49 ve 50 ve üstü gruplarda sırasıyla %5,4, %8,1 ve %9,6’dır.

Sonuçlar: AGC, ASCH ve HSIL sitoloji gruplarında HSIL+ oranları literatürde olduğu gibi yüksek olup hemen kolposkopi gereklidir. Her üç grupta da en sık görülen HPV tipi HPV 16’dır. Kolposkopik histopatoloji sonuçları negatif olanlarda refleks HPV testi yararlı olabilir.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Orthopedics and Traumatology Service
Authors: ULUÖZ Mesut
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Each country has followed different paths in the fight against the COVID 19 pandemic that started in 2019. The pandemic and the measures taken have affected the whole country. The aim of this study was to investigate how the pandemic affected the practice in the orthopedic clinic.

Methods: Patients who presented at the Orthopedic Outpatients Clinic and Emergency Department with orthopedic complaints between March 15, 2020 and April 15, 2020, were screened. The diagnoses and treatments applied to these patients were recorded. These data were compared with equivalent periods in 2019 and 2018.

Result: There was a significant increase in home accidents, sharp object injuries and diabetic foot wounds compared to the last two years, and a decrease in workplace accidents, traffic accidents and sports injuries (p= 0.040, p=0.000, p=0.037, respectively). The frequency of hip and wrist fractures increased, and the frequency of ankle fractures decreased (p=0.044, p=0.002, p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: It was seen that dealing with the pandemic should not only include interventions against the causative agent. Psychological support for individuals, attention focussed on home accidents, and the provision of home exercises, especially for senior citizens, should be recommended.