bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENYULUHAN SADAR WISATA BAGI WARGA DESA KUTA UNTUK MENANGKAP PELUANG USAHA DARI PENGEMBANGAN KEK MANDALIKA LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Ardana I Gusti Lanang , Karismawan Putu , Mustain Mustain
Published: June 2021

Sektor pariwisata merupakan isu global.Hampir semua negara di dunia berusaha dengan segenap kemampuan dan menggali segenap potensi negaranya untuk memajukan sektor pariwisata termasuk Indonesia. Beragam cara, model pengembangan dan program-progam pendukung dipadukan. Salah satunya adalah model pengembangan kawasan ekonomi khusus yang dilaksanakan berdasarkan undang-undang No. 39 Tahun 2009.

Di daerah Nusa Tenggara Barat, pengembangan ekonomi model kawasan ekonomi khusus dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, berdasarkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No. 52 Tahun 2014 tentang Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Mandalika.Hasil penelitian oleh I Gusti Lanang Ardana dkk (2018) menemukan bahwa dengan pengembangan KEK Mandalika berdampak positif terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Lombok Tengah. Dampak pengembangan KEK Mandalika, tentu tidak terbatas pada peningkatan PAD Lombok Tengah saja, tetapi jangkauan dampaknya perlu lebih luas lagi, terutama kepada masyarakat Desa di sekitar kawasan. Untuk memperluas jangkauan dampak positif dari keberadaan KEK Mandalika perlu memberdayakan tentang potensi-potensi yang layak dikembangkan di desa-desa sekitar kawasan KEK Mandalika. Hal ini dapat dilakukan antara lain dengan memberikan penyuluhan sadar wisata kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat dalam menangkap peluang-peluang usaha dari adanya pengembangan KEK Mandalika tersebut.
As CEBs no Brasil: cidadania em processo
Authors: Teixeira Faustino Luiz Couto
Published: June 2021

As Comunidades Eclesiais de Base encontram-se novamente no foco das atenções. Nos anos 70 e inícios de 80 falava-se muito no impacto de sua atuação no campo sociopolítico, enquanto geradoras de uma nova consciência das camadas populares, e fator de grande importância no processo de libertação dos pobres. Nestes últimos anos, entretanto, o panorama conjuntural latino-americano e mesmo internacional sofreu grandes transformações, repercutindo claramente sobre a trajetória da experiência das comunidades...
SOSYAL DUYGUSAL ÖĞRENME NEDİR NEDEN ÖNEMLİDİR (İNSAN İLİŞKİLERİNDE BEŞ DUYGU ALANI)
Authors: UŞAKLI Hakan
Published: June 2021

Sınıf
ortamı farklı özellikli öğrencilerden oluşur. Bir sınıfta genel olarak
öğrencilerin yüzde sekizi kaynaştırma eğitimi almış, yüzde yirmi beşi
parçalanmış aileye mensuptur (Uşaklı, 2013a). Bu iki genel özellik yanında
öğrenciler farklı özellikleriyle sınıfın sosyal duygusal iklimini olumsuz
etkiler. Bu yazıda sosyal duygusal öğrenme (SDÖ) kavramı incelenmiştir. SDÖ’nin
insan ilişkilerinde neden önemli olduğu açıklanmıştır. Duygusal zeka
araştırmalarının bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan SDÖ çalışmaları otuz yıla yakın
bir geçmişe dayanmaktadır. Özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde başlayan
SDÖ çalışmaları gelişmiş ülkelerde yaygınlaşarak artmaktadır. SDÖ üzerine
Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalar ise son on yıldır artarak devam etmektedir. Genel
olarak okul ortamlarında verilen SDÖ eğitiminin diğer kurumlarda da
verilebileceği bu çalışmada tartışılmıştır. SDÖ’nin başladığı ülke olan
ABD’inde Collaboration of Academics for Social Emotional
Learning
(CASEL) tarafından tanımlanan ve SDÖ’ye atfedilen beş duygusal durum bu yazıda
irdelenmiştir. Temel olarak kendi ve başkalarının duygularının farkında olma
olarak tanımlanabilecek SDÖ sadece sınıf ve okul ortamında değil iki kişinin
bir arada olduğu tüm ortamlarda önemlidir.
BAHŞİŞİN EKONOMİK BOYUTLARI ÜZERİNE TEORİK-ANALİTİK YAKLAŞIM ALTINDA BİR İNCELEME
Authors: SARIÇALI Gözde , GÜRBÜZ Ali Kemal
Published: June 2021

Bu
çalışmada, özellikle hizmet sektöründe yaygın bir uygulama olan bahşişin,
istihdam ve ücret üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu yapılırken literatürdeki
bilgi ve verilerin yanı sıra, iktisatta genel kabul görmüş olan teorik-grafiksel
analiz araçlarıyla, bu analiz araçlarına uygun olarak üretilen bazı teorik verilerden
yararlanılmıştır. Bahşiş olgusu ve etkileri hakkındaki bilinen literatür
bilgilerinin söz konusu grafiksel analiz araçlarıyla “sentez” edilerek
bunlardan bazı sonuçlar üretilmeye çalışılması, bu çalışmanın orijinal yönünü oluşturmaktadır.
Bulgular göstermektedir ki, gerek işletme düzeyinde, gerekse sektör düzeyinde,
bahşişin varlığı hem ücreti hem de istihdamı azaltmaktadır. Bahşişin varlığı
işverenleri ücreti azaltmaya sevk etmekte ve buna olanak sağlamaktadır. Fakat ücret
azalmasında tek faktör bu değildir. Bahşişin varlığı nedeniyle sektör düzeyinde
talep edilen emek miktarının azalması da önemli diğer bir faktördür. Çalışma,
bahşişin etkisi hakkındaki başka çalışmalarda anket ya da gözlem yoluyla
ulaşılan bazı sonuçların, iktisat bilimindeki grafiksel analiz araçları
uygulandığında da elde edilebildiğini göstermektedir. Üstelik bahşişin
etkisinin iktisadi mekanizmalarını da ortaya koyması bakımından, söz konusu
diğer çalışmaları teyit edici bir yönünün bulunduğu da söylenebilir.
YABANCI DİL ÖĞRETİMİNDE KULLANILAN BİLGİSAYAR PROGRAMLARININ TASARIM SÜREÇLERİNİN EĞİTSEL YÖNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ASLAN Erdinç
Published: June 2021

Bilgisayar
ve İnternet teknolojileri alanında yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler, kişilerarası ve
toplumlararası iletişimin ve bilgi paylaşımının önünü açmış, bu alandaki
sınırlılıkları ortadan kaldırmıştır. Bu durum hiç kuşku yok ki, en çok yabancı
dil alanına olan ilgiyi artırmakta ve bilgisayar ve internet, yabancı dil
alanına olan ilgiyi artırmakla kalmayarak eğitim alanında sunduğu birçok
içerikle bu alanın ihtiyaç duyduğu gereksinimleri de karşılamaktadır. Bu
gelişmeler, yabancı dil öğretiminde uygulanan klasik yöntemleri yetersiz bırakırken
dilbilimcileri de yeni model arayışlarına sevk etmektedir. Dilbilimciler, bir
yandan bu icatların ders ortamında etkili biçimde kullanılmasına yönelik yeni
yöntemler geliştirmeye çabalarken diğer yandan tasarlanan programların
eğitim-öğretime uygunluğu üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yabancı dil
öğretiminde kullanılan bilgisayar programlarının tasarım süreçleri eğitsel
yönden değerlendirilerek elde edilen bulguların yeni hazırlanacak programların
daha etkin bir şekilde tasarlanmasına ve daha verimli bir şekilde
kullanılmasına, bunların sonucu olarak daha etkin öğrenmeler
gerçekleştirilmesine katkıda bulunması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci
bölümünde, teknoloji ile dil arasındaki ilişki öğretim yaklaşımları temel
alınarak incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise, yabancı dil öğretiminde kullanılan
bilgisayar programları eğitsel yönden ele alınarak tasarım aşamalarının hangi
süreçleri takip ettiği ve tasarım yapılırken hangi eğitsel unsurların
programlara ne şekilde yansıtıldığı araştırılmıştır. Bunun yanında eğitsel
yönden verimli bir bilgisayar programının hangi ölçütleri içermesi gerektiği
değerlendirilmiştir. Bunların sonucu olarak, uygun ölçütlere göre tasarlanan
bilgisayar programları, dil öğretimine ayrı bir boyut katarak dersleri tekdüzelikten
kurtarıp öğrencilerin derse olan ilgisini artıracak, bireysel öğrenme
gereksinimlerini karşılayarak öğrencilere öğrendikleri yabancı dili kullanma
fırsatı verecektir. Böylelikle interaktif bir sınıf ortamı yaratılarak öğrenme
yaşantıları zenginleştirilecektir. Bilimsel verilere dayanmayan tasarımlar ise
zaman ve emek kaybına neden olacak ve başarısız sonuçlara yol açacaktır.
COVID-19 dermatological manifestations
Authors: Broshtilova Valentina  , Stratieva Dalia  , Kantardjiev Vessel
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 is an ongoing multisystemic viral infection, which affects both adults and children. The virus has a complicated and not fully understood pathophysiological mechanism of damaging different organs and systems, including the skin. Cutaneous manifestations classification is complicated by the great variety of lesions and histological appearances, neither specific. Herein, a thorough overview of the clinical and pathological peculiarities of skin changes observed in the acute and re-convalescent stages of COVID-19 infection, is highlighted. The pathophysiological mechanisms, suggested to trigger and sustain the dermatological dysfunction, are also considered in the vicinity of authors’ personal experience.
Evaluation of antioxidants activity of some tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal Al Akhdar) Pinus halepensis Mill, Pistacia lentiscus L, Juniperus phoenicea L
Authors: Ahmed MA Hamad  , Milud A Altaiaf
Published: June 2021

The aim of the present study investigated anti-oxidant activity of various methanol-water extracts from tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal AL Akhdar) by four anti-oxidant assays FRAP. DPPH. H2O2 and Metal chelating activity. Additionally, these antioxidant activities were compared with BHA, BHT as reference antioxidants. Tree bark has a large, diverse class of compounds, many with antioxidant properties. This study showed FRAP inhibitory activity of the Pinus halepensis bark extracts 56.8%, while Juniperus phoenicea L 57.6%, and Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts was 69.2% The DPPH radical scavenging in the bark extracts exerted an inhibition of 66.8 %, 62.3% ,74.6% for Pinus halepensis, Juniperus phoenicea and Pistacia lentiscus L respectively. While H2O2 activity shows variation, ranging from 67. 8 to 81. 3%. The Metal chelating activity of the barks extract was 59% in Pinus halepensis and 57% in Juniperus phoenicea L bark extracts furthermore Pistacia lentiscus L was 67.8% in addition the Metal chelating activity of BHT and BHA 92%, 94% respectively. The high antioxidant activity of bark was founded in Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts.
Healthy foods for human consumption produced with amaranth, chia and quinoa seeds and precooked soybean
Authors: Hugo Dante Genta  , César Augusto Albarracin  , Marcela Adriana D’Urso Villar  , Cecilia Huerta Macchiarola  , Claudia Mónica Brito  , Amira Edith Ahumada  , Martha Sofía Santillán
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this report is to improve and make higher benefits on human diet through the consumption of seeds having high nutritional values. Different combinations of amaranth, chia and quinoa seeds and precooked soybean were used to elaborate a new sweet food. Mixed seeds (flour) and soybean whit peanut, sugar or stevia, glucose, hydrogenated oil and natural essence were prepared and tasted by people of both sex and age range from 1 to 78 years old. Previously nutritional composition was analyzed in the different samples. Sweet foods samples were given to persons to evaluate the acceptance and preference of them compared with two market candies of similar composition. The association analysis was performed using t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni´s multiple comparisons for quantitative variables and chi square test for qualitative variables. From all the samples having a standard protein content (more than 10% each), have a higher acceptance those composed by amaranth, chia and quinoa, including more acceptance by women. The same result was obtained respect the preference. The production for human consumption of this new sweet food would imply a better use of vegetable proteins as a complement of the diet animal proteins and improve the health preventive advantages.
Intercrop practices in cashew production
Authors: Olufemi Aremu-Dele  , Kehinde Ademola Adesanya  , Bunmi Olaoluwa Olorundare  , Oluwadamilola Ifedolapo Asunbo  , Elizabeth Feyisayo Odeyemi
Published: June 2021

Cashew is an important economic tree crop cultivated for its wood, apple and most especially the nut. The large plant spacing involved in its cultivation encourages intercropping. Intercropping cashew during the early phase of establishment with arable and sometimes tree crops is usually practiced which serves as food security, cultural weed control and means of additional income to farmers. The aim of this study is to look into some experimented cashew intercrop and gaps in the intercrop patterns. Review of past literatures was used in discovering cashew intercrop patterns in Nigeria and some major cashew producing countries. Intercropping cashew with arable crops is more popular and profitable than with tree crop except in Sri-lanka where intercropping with coconut seems profitable than cashew sole cropping. Intercropping of cashew with arable crops, legumes and vegetables did not affect the growth of young cashew except millet, sorghum and pigeon-pea. Cashew/maize and cashew/cassava/yam had high returns respectively. Intercrop combinations with more than two crops affected the growth of cashew. Cashew/rice and cashew/plantain intercrop suppressed the growth of weeds with no negative effect on cashew growth. More concise and implementable research can be done where information on weed control, growth parameters, nutrient demands, yield and economic returns can be gotten from an experiment on the various cashew intercrop patterns as this will make the findings more adoptable by the farmers. Intercropping cashew with more than 2 crops should be discouraged.
Increasing the Creative Economy through Utilization of Fruit Wrapping Waste and Food Bags as Decorative Flowers Crafts in Langon, Ambulu District of Jember Regency
Authors: Umilasari Reni , Cahya Dewi Ilanka
Published: June 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic causes the number of unemployed to increase in 2020. The National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) stated that the unemployment rate is expected to increase by 4 million to 5.5 million in 2020 and around 7.7 percent to 9.1 percent in 2021. This of course has an impact on the economic condition and welfare of the community. One of the efforts that can be made to prevent and reduce the unemployment rate is by creating new jobs, so that efforts to increase the creative economy must always be carried out to support the formation of new jobs.

Increasing the quality of human resources, efforts to increase the creative economy can be done. In this Stimulus Community Partnership Program (PKMSS) activity, a concrete manifestation of increasing skills and knowledge can be done by providing training on making decorative flowers made from fruit wrapping / sarong waste and food bags to PKK RT 003 RW 030 women in Langon Hamlet, Ambulu Village District Ambulu. In addition, marketing activities through social media or market places will also be given special training. The objectives of this PKMSS activity include: (1) Increasing the knowledge and skills of the community in waste management that are commonly encountered on a daily basis; (2) reducing the amount of waste for fruit wrappers and food bags; (3) Creating new business opportunities, especially for PKK RT 003 RW 030 women in Langon Hamlet, Ambulu District. Quoting data from CupoNation Indonesia, domestic e-commerce platforms still control the number of website visitors throughout 2019 even though several international online shopping sites are also included in the ranks of the e-commerce market in Indonesia. Therefore, digital-based marketing training through social media or e-commerce needs to be given to expand product marketing.
History and prospects of development of the Institute of Agro-Biotechnologies of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Yudin A. A. , Zainullin V. G.
Published: June 2021

Agricultural science in the Komi Republic dates back to 1911, when the Pechora Agricultural Experimental Station was opened on the initiative of the Northern researcher A.V. Zhuravsky. It was the first scientific institution of such specialization in the north of Russia above 65° north latitude. Zhuravsky identified the main tasks facing the agricultural science of the North: the development of agriculture (improvement of soil fertility, development of swamps for agricultural use), meadow and crop production, including vegetable growing, floriculture and fruit growing. He also defined the basis of agricultural production in the North – animal husbandry. While carrying out the studies, A.V. Zhuravsky Institute of AgroBiotechnologies solves all the problems raised. The modern structure of the Institute has three departments: the Department of Agriculture of the Far North, the Department "Pechora Experimental Station" and the Department of Agricultural Genomics organized on the basis of the youth laboratory in 2019. Over the past 20 years, the Institute has produced 12 varieties of perennial grasses, seven of which have been zoned. Among new breeding achievements are Pamyati Zhuravskogo Serpukh crowned (Serratula coronata L.) variety with an increased content of biologically active substances, potato varieties Zyryanets and Vychegodsky for food purpose, resistant to drought, cancer pathogen and golden nematode, highly resistant to late blight. Research on the technology of production of complex forms of nematocidal and insecticidal bio-preparations as a means of protecting agricultural crops from various soil-dwelling phytophages has begun. Thanks to the efforts of the Institute staff, in close cooperation with the farmers of the Arctic region of the Komi Republic, the Pechora sheep breed was preserved, and breeding work with rare native groups was widely developed. The Institute is the only agricultural research institution in the Komi Republic that provides scientific support for Nothern reindeer husbandry.
Use of Pyrimidine and Its Derivative in Pharmaceuticals: A Review
Authors: Nerkar Avinash U.
Published: June 2021

The pharmacological activities of the pyrimidine nucleus were impressive. Compounds with a pyrimidine nucleus have a broad variety of pharmaceutical applications, including antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, sedatives and hypnotics, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, anti-thyroid, anti-Alzheimer and, according to the literature. As a result, the focus of this review is on research on various pharmaceuticals activities of pyrimidine analogs that has recently been published in the scientific literature.
Vivienda Social: apuntes sobre un caso. El rol de la tecnología en prototipos del Programa Federal. 2005-2020
Authors: Fiscarelli Diego Martín
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo construye una discusión teórica sobre el alcance de las decisiones constructivas en relación con el proyecto de la Vivienda Social. Se analiza un caso instrumental que visibiliza las transformaciones sucedidas sobre un prototipo. Para explicarlas, desde un posicionamiento disciplinar, se recuperan los avances de un trabajo de campo desarrollado entre los años 2005 y 2020. A partir de este recorte, y sobre la operatoria SubPrograma de Urbanización de Villas y Asentamientos Precarios -La Plata-, se construye como interrogante de investigación: ¿En qué medida las decisiones técnico-proyectuales han resultado un condicionante para la eventual adaptación de las unidades construidas? 

Los resultados pretenden construir una renovada reflexión sobre el rol de los recursos constructivos en su articulación con estrategias proyectuales hacia la adaptabilidad. Se concluye que su implicancia contribuye con la definición de los aspectos cualitativos de la Vivienda Social, en el marco de estándares que comprometen el accionar de profesionales y técnicos.
Matriz de valoración de infraestructura y equipamiento de Terminales terrestres de ciudades intermedias del Ecuador: ciudad de estudio Quevedo
Authors: Suárez Loor Cristina Paola , Vanegas Peña Agustin Santiago
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo aborda la creación de una matriz de valoración para Terminales de transporte terrestres de ciudades intermedias, aplicado a la ciudad de Quevedo en Ecuador, con base en la necesidad de crear una estructura metodológica que evalúe y ponga en consideración las necesidades de la presente terminal. El objetivo general del presente trabajo de investigación fue establecer una matriz de análisis valorativo para determinar la eficacia en la infraestructura y el equipamiento a travéz de una perspectiva humana, definiendo las variables metodológicas, identificando los requerimientos funcionales y aplicando la matriz al caso en cuestión. Como metodología, se valoraron preguntas de investigación, con el planteamiento de variables, categorías e indicadores. Para la recolección de la información se hicieron uso de fichas de observación, entrevistas y encuestas. Los resultados obtenidos se enfocaron en cuanto a las variables como: ciudad, divisiones urbanas, construcción y requerimientos funcionales. Finalmente se concluye, con los resultados presentados en la matriz de valoración. 
Pathogenetic rationale for correction of endothelial dysfunction with quercetin in the complex treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Khukhlina O. S. , Antoniv A. A. , Kotsiubiichuk Z. Ya.
Published: June 2021

Objective — to determine effects of therapeutical complex, including metformin, rosuvastatin, essential phospholipids and quercetin, on the state of blood lipid spectrum, endothelial function, fibrinolysis system and platelet hemostasis, which are factors in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Materials and methods. The investigation was performed in the dynamics of treatment of 60 NASH patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) and DKD of stage I — III. Depending on the prescribed treatment patients were randomized into 2 groups. The comparison group 1 (28 subjects) was administered hypocaloric diet with account of dietary restrictions #9, received essential phospholipids 300 mg 2 caps. 3 times a day) during 30 days for the NASH treatment, and antidiabetic and lipid‑lowering therapy with metformin hydrochloride 1000 mg per day, rosuvastatin (5 mg 1 time per day) for 1 month. Group 2 consisted of 32 patients and in addition to the similar 30 days of dietary recommendations, essential phospholipids, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic therapy, received quercetin and povidone 500 mg intravenously in 100 ml of isotonic sodium 10 mg for 10 days. The mean age of patients was 53.8 ± 3.52 years. The comparison group consisted of 30 healthy age‑matching subjects.

Results. Parameters of endothelial dysfunction, fibrinolysis and platelet hemostasis were determined to check the degree of endothelial‑protective effects of Quercetin against the background of the recommended protocol therapy. As a result of treatment, baseline significantly reduced NO levels (in 1.7 times) in patients of group 1 increased insignificantly (p > 0.05), and significantly raised in 1.5 times (p < 0.05) in group 2. This can be explained by effects of Quercetin as an endothelial protector, as well as by metformin effects, which reduces degree of insulin resistance and promotes body weight reduction, as well as reduction of hyperlipidemia level and probability of deposition of subendothelial proatherogenic fractions.

Conclusions. Combined therapy of NASH with DM 2 and diabetic kidney disease with the use of essential phospholipids, statins and metformin with addition of Quercetin was more effective than traditional therapy: it significantly reduced the markers of NASH exacerbation, optimized blood lipid spectrum, restored endothelial functional state, eliminated the phenomena of hypercoagulable syndrome without the additional administration of antiplatelet agents.
Calcium-dependent complications of lactase deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Andrusha A. B.
Published: June 2021

Objective — to assess the degree of osteodeficiency and probability of osteoporotic fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the absence or presence of lactase deficiency.
Materials and methods. All examined patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence/absence of lactase deficiency. In addition to routine examination methods, specific methods were used for diagnosing lactase deficiency, assessing bone mineral density (using dual‑energy X‑ray absorptiometry) and bone quality (ultrasound densitometry), the state of bone remodelling (according to markers of bone resorption and formation), probability of osteoporotic fractures (using FRAX and QFracture calculators), dietary and lifestyle habits were also studied.
Results. The changes have been revealed in both processes of bone remodelling — increased bone resorption and insufficient bone formation, and the activity of bone formation, which was the lowest in patients with lactase deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results of X‑ray absorptiometry confirmed that osteoporosis was significantly more often in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the presence of lactase deficiency. The use of ultrasonic densitometry confirmed the violation of bone tissue micro architectonics. The indicator of broadband ultrasound attenuation, which reflects the qualitative characteristics of bone tissue, was the lowest in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied by lactase deficiency. The probability of osteoporotic fractures according to the results of the assessment with the online calculator FRAX® was higher than the average risk in both groups of patients. No significant difference was established in this indicator between these groups of patients in contrast to the risk calculated with the QFracture instrument — it was the highest in patients with lactase deficiency.
Conclusions. The presence of lactase deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be considered as a factor that contributes to the development of osteodeficiency, deterioration of the quality of bone tissue, imbalance in bone remodelling and an increase in the probability of osteoporotic fractures.
Role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase as a regulator of cell energy balance in patients with metabolic disorders
Authors: Zhuravlyova L. V. , Stoianova Yu. D.
Published: June 2021

The combination of diabetes mellitus type 2 and gout is common. It has been established that prolonged hyperuricemia leads to insulin resistance and suppresses the effects of insulin, which is why the study of pathogenetic links in the formation of metabolic disorders in synergistic pathologies is relevant. AMPK has been shown to be a regulator of cell energy balance, which plays an important role in preventing the development of insulin resistance. The purpose of this review is to determine the impact of AMPK on carbohydrate, lipid and purine metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and gout. The realization of the effects of AMPK on metabolic processes in the human body occurs in two main ways — inhibition of anabolism and stimulation of catabolism, which will be discussed in the article. It is advisable to consider the mechanisms of action of indirect activators of AMPK as potential components for the comprehensive treatment of patients with metabolic disorders. The mechanisms of activation and inhibition of AMPK are not investigated enough, but it is known that AMPK plays a significant role in the main metabolic processes in the human body. The mechanisms of cell sensitivity to most energy‑containing molecules and substances directly depend on the AMPK activation degree. The presence of these dependencies may be evaluated in the case of metabolic diseases. Thus, further study of the effects of AMPK and its influence on carbohydrate, lipid and purine metabolism is necessary, due to the possibility of predicting the formation of insulin resistance, the severity of diabetes mellitus type 2 in combination with gout, and optimizing treatment in patients with comorbid pathology.
Factors Implicated in Smartphone Usage Distressing Individual
Authors: Singh Nidhi , Medhavi Sanjay
Published: June 2021

In today’s era usage of communication technology is increasing day by day whether it may be in the field of education or any other field. The dependency on these technological devices has been increased; it may be fruitful on one hand and problematic from some aspects on other side. People are not realizing the negative aspects of the usage but when they were asked they seemed to neglect the negative aspects as they are not concerned but some other day it will certainly affect them. The present study was done to identify the communication technology induced stressor, exploratory factor analysis has been done on the data collected from 427 respondent and nine factor are extracted containing variables which simply explains the smartphone uses stressor that and those factors may be used for further analysis in various studies related to smartphone usage.
Field observations on rare or unnoticed dinoflagellates from the Argentine Sea
Authors: Fabro Elena , Almandoz Gastón O.
Published: June 2021

Background and aims: Planktonic dinoflagellates have a great ecological significance in marine environments. While some dinoflagellate species commonly reach bloom concentrations and are thus conspicuous components of marine phytoplankton, others occur in very low abundances which make them difficult to detect in field studies.Here we analyzed dinoflagellate composition and abundance in five oceanographic expeditions carried out in continental shelf and slope waters of the Argentine Sea.M&M: Plankton abundance was estimated by the Utermöhl method, using inverted microscopy, whereas further optical and scanning electron microscopy was applied for the identification of dinoflagellate species.Results: We focused on the occurrence of seven dinoflagellates that have been previously poorly documented or overlooked in marine environments worldwide: Dinophysis microstrigiliformis; Gyrodinium sp.; Karlodinium elegans; Oxytoxumlaticeps; Peridiniella danica; Peridiniella globosa and Prorocentrum nux. The latest and K. elegans are observed for the first time in field conditions after their original descriptions based on cell cultures. While most species were detected in low ormoderate abundances, P. nux, which is the smallest Prorocentrum species, reached 82,000 cells L-1 in slope waters. Very small Gyrodinium cells (11.5 µm long; 8.7 µm wide) with a distribution restricted to slope waters during spring, were not possible tobe accurately assigned to a species.Conclusions: This study contributes to the understanding of dinoflagellate diversity in the Argentine Sea and the worldwide distribution of little known species.
Volvariella volvacea (Pluteaceae, Agaricales), presencia de un hongo con potencial biotecnológico en la Argentina
Authors: Somrau Alex E. , Romero Amalia , Ramirez Natalia A. , Niveiro Nicolás
Published: June 2021

Introducción y objetivo: Volvariella volvacea es una especie de climas tropicales y subtropicales, conocida para el sudeste asiático, Europa y América, existiendo registros aislados de África y Oceanía, pero no se encontraron registros previos de esta especie en Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo es extender su área de distribución para Argentina.
M&M: Los especímenes fueron colectados en la localidad de Corrientes y depositados en la colección micológica del herbario CTES. Para su identificación y descripción fueron analizados macro y microscópicamente siguiendo la metodología tradicionalmente utilizada.
Resultados: Esta especie se caracteriza por su píleo de gran tamaño (50–100 mm), con superficie marrón oscura y abundantes fisuras que dejan ver el contexto grisáceo entre ellas, su hábito humícola y esporas de 6–11 µm de long.
Conclusiones: V. volvacea es una especie comúnmente asociada a ambientes antrópicos. La presencia de la misma en Sudamérica puede ser considerada como introducida, debido a que fue encontrada sobre bagazo de caña de azúcar y sobre compost en el interior de invernaderos. Se describe e ilustra esta especie por primera vez para Argentina.
Evaluation of OECD Countries with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods in terms of Economic, Social and Environmental Aspects
Authors:   Aksaray University, Vocational School of Social Sciences, Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Turkey, Arsu Talip , Ayçin Ejder ,   Kocaeli University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Business Administration, Turkey
Published: June 2021

Exhausted natural resources and deteriorating ecological balance, together with the social privileges that people expect to have, are proof that the development of countries cannot be reduced to economic development alone. In this respect, this study aimed to evaluate the economic, social and environmental aspects of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Within this scope, the countries were firstly divided into two groups by performing cluster analysis in order to create more homogeneous country groups. Then, 12 criteria, consisting of four economic, four social and four environmental criteria, were determined by considering the literature and expert opinions. The criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method was used to weight the determined criteria and using the calculated criterion weights, the countries in each cluster were then evaluated with the measurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution (MARCOS) method. As a result, the most successful countries in the first cluster were determined as Switzerland, Denmark and Ireland with 68.8%, 62.7% and 62.5% performance scores, respectively. Whereas, the most unsuccessful countries were USA, Canada and Australia with 49.8%, 50.0% and 50.1% performance scores, respectively. The most successful countries in the second cluster were found as Slovenia, Spain and Portugal with 65.9%, 65.5% and 64.5% performance scores, while the most unsuccessful countries were Turkey, Chile and Colombia with 45.9%, 55.4% and 55.9% performance scores, respectively. Finally, in order to test the sensitivity of the MARCOS method, the solution was repeated with the MAIRCA, WASPAS, MABAC and CoCoSo methods using the weights obtained by the CRITIC method. A high correlation (greater than 80%) was found between the rankings acquired using the other methods and the rankings obtained by the MARCOS method.
Fusarium graminearum species complex: A bibliographic analysis and web-accessible database for global mapping of species and trichothecene toxin chemotype
Authors: Del Ponte Emerson Medeiros , Moreira Gláucia Mara , Ward Todd J. , O'Donnel Kerry , Nicolli Camila Primieri , Machado Franklin Jackson , Duffeck Maíra Rodrigues , Alves Kaique Santos , Tessmann Dauri , Waalwijk Cees , Van der Lee Theo , Zhang Hao , Chulze Sofia N. , Stenglein Sebastian A. , Pan Dinorah , Vero Silvana , Vaillancourt Lisa J. , Schmale David G. , Esker Paul D. , Moretti Antonio , Logrieco Antonio , Kistler H. Corby , Bergstrom Gary Carlton , Viljoen Altus , Rose Lindy , Van Coller Gert , Lee Theresa
Published: June 2021

Fusarium graminearum is ranked among the five most destructive fungal pathogens that affect agroecosystems. It causes floral diseases in small grain cereals including wheat, barley and oats, as well as summer crops such as maize and rice. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies reporting species within the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) by creating two main data tables. The first contained data at the article level including bibliographic, geographic, methodological (ID methods), host of origin and species, while the second data table contained information at the strain level such as publication, isolate code(s), host/substrate, year of isolation, geographical coordinates, species and trichothecene genotype. Analyses of the bibliographic data obtained from 123 publications from 2000 to 2021 by 498 unique authors and published in 40 journals are summarized. We describe the frequency of species and chemotypes for 16,274 strains for which geographical information was available, either provided as raw data or extracted from the publications, and sampled across six continents and 32 countries. The database and interactive interface are publicly available allowing for searches, summarization and mapping of strains according to several criteria including article, country, host, species and trichothecene genotype. The database will be updated continuously and should be useful for guiding future surveys and exploring factors associated with species distribution such as climate and land use. Authors are encouraged to submit data at the strain level to the database, which is accessible at https://fgsc.netlify.app/.
Laporan Game Tebak Gambar Seputar TKJ
Authors: Malika Dheanovita
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah merancang game tebak gambar yang memiliki sisi edukasi dan berbasis smartphone android untuk anak – anak usia Remaja. Adapun manfaat game yang dihasilkan dari kajian ini adalah: 1)sebagai media pembelajaran yang menyenangkan bagi anak – anak usia Remaja 2)dapat menumbuhkan minat belajar anak – anak usia Remaja3)serta dapat meningkatkan kemampuan memahami bentuk Sofware, Handware, dan Brainware.. Game edukasi ini dirancang untuk anak – anak usia Remaja (15-18), ditargetkan pada smartphone dengan sistem operasi android. Rancangan game edukasi tebak gambar seputar Teknik Komputer dan Jaringna (TKJ) ini kita disuruh menjawab pertanyaan dan di berikan gambaran dan gambar seperti apa jawaban dari soal tersebut, Kita bisa meminta bantuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tebak gambar tersebut. [1]
Regional SST and SLP conditions related to tornado 'outbreak' environments 15 days later
Authors: Schroder Zoe
Published: June 2021

Global climate features are known to influence tornado frequency in the U.S., but more work needs to focus on understanding the extent to which climate variables contribute to increases in CAPE and shear on days with an outbreak of at least ten tornadoes. Here the authors quantify the conditional relationships between precursor SST and SLP variables and localized extremes of CAPE and shear associated with large outbreaks. They do this by fitting linear regressions to global climate variables averaged over the fifteen days before the outbreak to estimate the changes in CAPE and shear on days with at least ten tornadoes. Results show that for every 1° increase in the SST gradient between the Gulf of Alaska and the Caribbean, DLBS increases by 0.88 m s¯¹, SLBS increases by 0.62 m s¯¹, and CAPE decreases by 50.6 J kg¯¹, conditional on at least ten tornadoes, and holding the other variables constant. Further, results show that for every 1° E increase in longitude, DLBS increases by 0.15 m s¯¹, SLBS increases by 0.38 m s¯¹, and CAPE decreases by 39.3 J kg¯¹, conditional on at least ten tornadoes, and holding the other variables constant. Additionally, SLBS is the only environmental factor that has a significant upward annual trend.
Evolutionary linguistics can help refine (and test) hypotheses about how music might have evolved.
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio
Published: June 2021

Both the music and social bonding (MSB) hypothesis and the music as a credible signal hypothesis emerge as solid views of how human music and human musicality might have evolved. Nonetheless, both views could be improved (and tested in better ways) with the consideration of the way in which human language(s) might have evolved under the effects of our self-domestication.
Examining time-varying dynamics of co-occurring depressed mood and social anxiety
Authors: Piccirillo Marilyn , Frumkin Madelyn , SPINK KATIE , Tonge Natasha April , Foster Katherine T.
Published: June 2021

Dimensional frameworks of psychopathology (e.g., HiTOP models) call for multivariate approaches to map co-occurring symptoms clustered within spectra to index what symptoms emerge when and for whom. However, previous work measuring symptom dynamics and affective experiences has largely neglected transdiagnostic measurement of how symptoms co-vary between- and within-individuals over time. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) offers a method for assessing and differentiating the dynamics of co-occurring symptoms with greater temporal granularity and naturalistic context. The present study used multivariate mixed effects location-scale modeling to characterize the time-varying dynamics of depressed mood and anxiety for women diagnosed with social anxiety disorder, major depression, and related co-occurring diagnoses. Women completed five daily EMA surveys over 30 days (150 EMA surveys/woman, T 5,250 total observations) and two clinical diagnostic and self-report batteries conducted approximately two months apart. There was evidence of lagged effects within-factor (bs = .08-.09), but not cross-factor (bs < .01) during EMA. Symptoms co-varied such that momentary spikes from one’s typical level of anxiety were associated with increases in momentary depressed mood (b = .19) and greater volatility of depressed mood (b = .06). Similarly, spikes from one’s typical levels of depressed mood were associated with increases in momentary anxiety (b = .19). Furthermore, the presence and magnitude of effects demonstrated person-specific heterogeneity. Findings from this work help to characterize how daily experiences of co-occurring mood and anxiety fluctuate and offer insight to aid the development of momentary, person-specific interventions designed to regulate symptom fluctuations.
Typical Yet Unlikely: An Information Theoretic Approach to the Quantification of 'Normality'
Authors: Vowels Matthew J
Published: June 2021

Normality has historically been considered an aspirational trait, synonymous with harmony and ideality. The arithmetic average has been used to define normality, and is often used both productively and unproductively as a blunt way to characterize samples and populations. A number of prior commentaries in the fields of psychology and social science have highlighted the need for caution when reducing complex phenomena to a single mean value. However, to the best of our knowledge, none have described and explained why the mean provides such a poor characterization of normality. We demonstrate that even for datasets with a relatively low number of dimensions (<10), data start to exhibit a number of peculiarities which become progressively severe as the number of dimensions increases. One such peculiarity is that the mean is both the most likely as well as one of the least typical points in multi-dimensional space. The availability of large, multi-dimensional datasets is increasing, and it is therefore especially important that researchers understand the peculiar characteristics of such data. We show that normality can be better characterized with `typicality', an information theoretic concept relating to the entropy of a distribution. An application of typicality to both synthetic and real-world data reveals that in multi-dimensional space, to be normal is actually to be highly atypical.
Financialization as recombination: Bureaucracy and neo-patrimonialism on Wall Street
Authors: Foureault Fabien , Ajdacic Lena , Bühlmann Felix
Published: June 2021

Finance is widely seen as a driving force of modern capitalism, a progress of organizational rationalization, and scaffolding for meritocratic elite reproduction. Using Orbis data on over 28,000 US financial firms, and sociodemographic data on 806 founders and managers in key firms, we show that neo-patrimonial elements, such as hybrid legal forms and trust relationships, are spreading within finance. Our findings show that hedge and private equity funds rely heavily on secretive hybrid forms in which “elite white men” benefit from baked in advantages. Financialization is not a modernization process but a recombination of bureaucracy and neo-patrimonial logics.
Impact of Foreign Exchange Reserve on Economic Growth in Nepal
Authors: Kaphle Raghu Raj
Published: June 2021

This study primarily focuses on the analysis of the contributions of foreign exchange reserve to the economic growth of Nepal by using time series data obtained from the year 1975 to 2018 A.D. In order to assess a relationship between these variables, statistical procedure of unit root test, cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) are applied. In addition to the t-statistics, Wald-test for joint significance of coefficients is applied and VECM is performed for testing the impact of the past values of foreign exchange on dependent variables which show the nation’s economic growth. Based on the statistical outcome; Johansen cointegration test indicates the existence of the long-run relationship among variables. The Vector Error Correction outcome and Wald statistics confirm that the past values of foreign exchange have a positive contribution to the economic growth; and foreign exchange reserve has contributed to the economic growth of Nepal.
Gender Differences in Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Adult Patients with Vitiligo
Authors: Poudyal Yogesh , Jha Chandra Bhal , Parajuli Niraj
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION

Vitiligo is an acquired disorder of skin characterized by white macules. Though there are many studies describing clinical and epidemiological features of vitiligo; there are few studies which have attempted to see the differences between male and female. Understanding the gender differences in clinico-epidemiological features will help to find the direction for further research in understanding pathogenesis. The objective was to find the gender wise differences in clinico-epidemiological pattern of vitiligo.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This was cross sectional study done at Dermatology and Venereology out-patient clinic of Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching hospital, Bhairhawa, Nepal from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Consecutive sampling technique was used and the cases of 18 years and above were taken. Chi-square test, multi-variate logistic regression, two sample t-tests were used to analyze the data.

 

RESULTS

The total number of case was 190. Female to male ratio was 1.38:1. Vitiligo vulgaris was seen more in female and mucosal vitiligo more in male and the difference was statistically significant.   However, there was no statistically significant difference among gender in family history, duration of disease, mucosal and hair involvement, history of recurrence and various age groups.

 

CONCLUSION

Vitiligo vulgaris is seen more in female and mucosal vitiligo is seen more in male. This study has strengthened the evidence regarding the difference noted in clinic-epidemiological aspect of vitiligo. There should be more studies, so that more patterns in gender differences could be understood, and this will help in understanding the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
Hematological Findings in COVID-19 Patients at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Singh Mrinalini , Kafle Santosh Upadhyay , Parajuli Surya B , Kafle Neeta , Sinha Amrita , Singh Randhir Kumar
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION

The outbreak of 2019 novel corona virus has also affected the Nepalese population. Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is the diagnostic laboratory test for confirming the diagnosis. The complete blood count (CBC) is the laboratory test routinely done in patients suffering from any type of infection. This test provides the information to physicians regarding the inflammatory process. The objective of this study was to evaluate and find out whether hematologic parameters are affected in a person suffering from Covid-19 infections.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This is a prospective study done from 3rd December 2020 to 3rd February 2021 for a period of two months. All the confirmed patients of corona (COVID-19) with RT-PCR, between days-1 to day-15 of PCR positivity, whose hematological profile was sent to the pathology laboratory department, were studied. The hematologic parameters studied include total white blood cells count (TLC), differential white blood cell count (DLC), hemoglobin and platelet counts.

RESULTS

Out of one hundred (100) RT-PCR positive patients eighty (80%) were male and twenty (20%) were female. Age group of patients ranged from 27 years to 94 years. Ninety-four (94%) patients reveal leukocytosis and Ninety-six (96%) patients showed increased in differential neutrophil count. Fifty-two (52%) patients reveal anemia and platelets count was normal in seventy-eight (78%) cases.

CONCLUSION

Covid-19 infection causes changes in the hematological parameters. Study of these parameters provides significant clinical information.