bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics in Children Infected with Coronavirus Disease- 2019 in Iran
Authors: Khamenehpour Khatereh , Bagherabadi Fatemeh , Taherkhani Khadijeh , Rouhi Samaneh , Mohammadi Zahrasadat
Published: September 2024

Background:

Timely diagnosis and examination of clinical findings of children with
COVID-19 are important for treatment and control.

Objective:

The purpose of this research is to determine the clinical and laboratory findings of children
with COVID-19.

Methods:

A total of 850 children with a suspected diagnosis of COVID-19 in 2021 were considered
according to the HIS. Based on PCR, a total of 52 children were confirmed positive for COVID-19.
Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 23.0, the ANOVA, and the t-test (p < 0.05).

Results:

Fever (73.10%) was the most common symptom. Difficult breathing (23.10%), shortness of
breath (13.50%), required mechanical ventilation (11.50%), deaths (11.50%), genetic disorders
(7.70%), diabetes (7.70%), WBC in admiration (7.0; 5.25, 10.05), lymphocytes (47.0; 29.00, 66.50),
neutrophil (50.00; 29.00, 66.50), saturation O2 (87.37±13.58) and RR (37.41±14.04) were significantly
correlated with the ICU admission (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Differences between the rate of comorbidities, and clinical and paraclinical features,
were significant between ICU and non-ICU patients. Examining underlying diseases in children is
very important according to their clinical manifestations. Also, clinical and laboratory characteristics
of disorders should be done immediately for children's early treatment.
Autonomic Dysreflexia with Hypertension Following Durotomy-Related Intradural Spread of Irrigation Fluid and Air During Spinal Endoscopy
Authors: Vargas Roth A.A. , Lorio Morgan P. , Teixeira de Carvalho Paulo Sérgio , Yeung Anthony , Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe
Published: September 2024

Trivialization of durotomy can cause complications for endoscopic spine
surgeons when a patient's neurological or cardiovascular status unexpectedly
deteriorates during or after surgery. The literature on fluid management strategies,
irrigation-related risk factors, and clinical consequences of incidental durotomy during
spinal endoscopy is limited. However, it suggests that most patients can be managed
with supportive care without formal dural repair. There is currently no validated
irrigation protocol for endoscopic spine surgery. In this chapter, the authors report
severe complications in several patients, including the spread of irrigation fluid, blood,
and air into the intradural and intracranial spaces. They concluded that patients should
be informed about the risks associated with irrigated spinal endoscopy before surgery.
Infrequent yet not insignificant, adversities encompassing intracranial hemorrhage,
hydrocephalus, cephalalgia, cervical discomfort, convulsive events, and the perilous
autonomic dysreflexia manifesting as hypertensive episodes can transpire should the
irrigation fluid inadvertently enter the spinal cord or dural sac. Adept endoscopic spinal
surgeons postulate an association between durotomy events and equilibration pressures
associated with irrigation, a conjunction that, when amalgamated with copious
irrigation volumes, may prove disconcerting. Further research is needed to determine
whether specific thresholds for pressure, flow, and total volume of irrigation fluid should be established and to identify any additional risk factors beyond incidental
durotomy or prolonged surgery time.
Endoscopic Management of Basivertebral and Sinuvertebral Neuropathy for Chronic Back Pain
Authors: Kim Hyeun Sung , Hung Wu Pang , Jang Il-Tae
Published: September 2024

Chronic lower back pain significantly contributes to disability within the
musculoskeletal system, affecting a substantial portion of the global population.
Among the numerous factors contributing to chronic back pain, degenerative disc
disease plays a prominent role, particularly in the aging population. It is hypothesized
that the sinuvertebral and basivertebral nerves are the primary mediators of the
nociceptive response observed in degenerative disc disease, resulting from the
neurotization of these nerves. Extensive research has been conducted to explore the
pathoanatomy, pathophysiology, and pain generation pathways involved in
degenerative disc disease and chronic back pain. In this book chapter, the authors
describe management strategies for sinuvertebral and basivertebral neuropathy and
related low back pain symptoms. By examining the current literature, a better
understanding of the treatment options and approaches for addressing this condition
can be attained.
Percutaneous Spinal Endoscopic Procedures in Adjacent Segmental Disease after Lumbar Fusion
Authors: Rong Xueqin , Huang Lingan , Zhao Litao
Published: September 2024

Adjacent segment degeneration and disease (ASD) following spinal fusion
surgery can pose challenges, and various surgical approaches have been developed to
address this condition. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the current
literature, including clinical studies, comparing the outcomes of endoscopic and open
surgical techniques in patients affected by ASD. The authors' analysis reveals that
endoscopic surgery demonstrates comparable effectiveness in pain relief, functional
improvement, and patient satisfaction while offering potential advantages such as
reduced tissue trauma, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times. This chapter
also discusses each surgical approach's technical aspects, potential complications, and
limitations in comparison to endoscopic decompression surgery for ASD. The evidence
suggests that endoscopic surgery is a viable alternative to conventional open surgery
for treating adjacent spondylosis. However, further research and long-term follow-up
studies are necessary to better establish its long-term efficacy and durability.
Diversidad y nuevos registros de Cordyceps s.l. (Hypocreales: Ascomycota), hongos patógenos de artrópodos del estado de Morelos, México
Authors: Castro-Bustos Denis , Acosta-Urdapilleta Ma. de Lourdes , Téllez-Téllez Maura , Hernández-Velázquez Victor Manuel , López-Martínez Victor , Villegas-Torres Oscar Gabriel , Peña-Chora Guadalupe , Martínez Fernández Edgar
Published: September 2024

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Cordyceps s.l. agrupa especies de hongos morfológica, filogenética y ecológicamente diversos, que son parásitos de insectos y arácnidos. A nivel mundial se conocen más de 1000 especies y en México se han registrado 48, la mayoría procedentes del occidente, centro y sur del país. Particularmente en el estado de Morelos se han registrado 13 especies. El objetivo de este estudio es actualizar el conocimiento sobre las especies de Cordyceps s.l., hongos patógenos de artrópodos en el estado de Morelos y ampliar los registros para la micobiota mexicana.Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de especímenes de herbario y se recolectaron hongos del género Cordyceps s.l. en 14 localidades del estado de Morelos, México. Los ejemplares fueron caracterizados macro- y microscópicamente y la identificación taxonómica se realizó mediante literatura especializada. El material estudiado se depositó en la colección de Hongos Entomopatógenos del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Resultados clave: El género Samsoniella corresponde a un nuevo registro para el país con la especie S. haniana y se registra por primera vez para México el teleomorfo de Beauveria pseudobassiana y de Blackwellomyces cardinalis. Nuevos registros para el estado de Morelos son Cordyceps mexicana y Ophiocordyceps humbertii. Las familias representadas en la entidad son Cordycipitaceae con la mayor diversidad y distribución con cinco géneros y nueve especies, Ophiocordycipitaceae con tres géneros y seis especies, y Clavicipitaceae con un género y tres especies. La mayoría de los ejemplares se encontraron como parásitos de larvas y adultos de lepidópteros y coleópteros. Conclusiones: Se contribuye al conocimiento de Cordyceps s.l. en el estado de Morelos con cinco especies que hacen un total de 18 hasta ahora registradas, siendo la entidad con mayor número de registros. El catálogo de este grupo de especies para México se incrementa a 49.
Remote Patient Monitoring at Home in Patients With COVID-19: Narrative Review
Authors: Cornelis Justien , Christiaens Wendy , de Meester Christophe , Mistiaen Patriek
Published: September 2024

Background

During the pandemic, health care providers implemented remote patient monitoring (RPM) for patients experiencing COVID-19. RPM is an interaction between health care professionals and patients who are in different locations, in which certain patient functioning parameters are assessed and followed up for a certain duration of time. The implementation of RPM in these patients aimed to reduce the strain on hospitals and primary care.

Objective

With this literature review, we aim to describe the characteristics of RPM interventions, report on patients with COVID-19 receiving RPM, and provide an overview of outcome variables such as length of stay (LOS), hospital readmission, and mortality.

Methods

A combination of different searches in several database types (traditional databases, trial registers, daily [Google] searches, and daily PubMed alerts) was run daily from March 2020 to December 2021. A search update for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed in April 2022.

Results

The initial search yielded more than 4448 articles (not including daily searches). After deduplication and assessment for eligibility, 241 articles were retained describing 164 telemonitoring studies from 160 centers. None of the 164 studies covering 248,431 patients reported on the presence of a randomized control group. Studies described a “prehosp” group (96 studies) with patients who had a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and who were not hospitalized but closely monitored at home or a “posthosp” group (32 studies) with patients who were monitored at home after hospitalization for COVID-19. Moreover, 34 studies described both groups, and in 2 studies, the description was unclear. In the prehosp and posthosp groups, there were large variations in the number of emergency department (ED) visits (0%-36% and 0%-16%, respectively) and no convincing evidence that RPM leads to less or more ED visits or hospital readmissions (0%-30% and 0%-22%, respectively). Mortality was generally low, and there was weak to no evidence that RPM is associated with lower mortality. Moreover, there was no evidence that RPM shortens previous LOS. A literature update identified 3 small-scale RCTs, which could not demonstrate statistically significant differences in these outcomes. Most papers claimed savings; however, the scientific base for these claims was doubtful. The overall patient experiences with RPM were positive, as patients felt more reassured, although many patients declined RPM for several reasons (eg, technological embarrassment, digital literacy).

Conclusions

Based on these results, there is no convincing evidence that RPM in COVID-19 patients avoids ED visits or hospital readmissions and shortens LOS or reduces mortality. On the other hand, there is no evidence that RPM has adverse outcomes. Further research should focus on developing, implementing, and evaluating an RPM framework.
Social Cohesion and COVID-19: Integrative Review
Authors: Ware Paul
Published: September 2024

Background

Nations of considerable wealth and sophisticated health care infrastructures have experienced high rates of illness and death from COVID-19. Others with limited economic means and less developed health systems have achieved much lower burdens. To build a full understanding, an appraisal of the contribution of social relationships is necessary. Social cohesion represents a promising conceptual tool.

Objective

This study aimed to examine scholarship on social cohesion during the COVID-19 pandemic: specifically, the constructions of social cohesion being deployed, the variables chosen for representation, and the effects of and on social cohesion being reported.

Methods

The PubMed, Scopus, and JSTOR databases were searched for relevant journal articles and gray literature. A total of 100 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and analyzed from these using spreadsheet software.

Results

Several constructions of social cohesion were found. These concerned interpersonal relationships, sameness and difference, collective action, perceptions or emotions of group members, structures and institutions of governance, locally or culturally specific versions, and hybrid or multidimensional models. Social cohesion was reported to be influential on health outcomes, health behaviors, resilience, and emotional well-being, but there was some potential for it to drive undesirable outcomes. Scholarship reported increases or decreases in quantitative measures of social cohesion, a temporary “rally round the flag” effect early in the pandemic, the variable impacts of policy on social cohesion, and changing interpersonal relationships due to the pandemic conditions. There are numerous issues with the literature that reflect the well-documented limitations of popular versions of the concept.

Conclusions

Social cohesion has been used to express a range of different aspects of relationships during the pandemic. It is claimed to promote better health outcomes, more engagement with positive health behaviors, and greater resilience and emotional well-being. The literature presents a range of ways in which it has been altered by the pandemic conditions. There are significant weaknesses to this body of knowledge that greatly impede its overall quality.
Using AI to Differentiate Mpox From Common Skin Lesions in a Sexual Health Clinic: Algorithm Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Soe Nyi Nyi , Yu Zhen , Latt Phyu Mon , Lee David , Samra Ranjit Singh , Ge Zongyuan , Rahman Rashidur , Sun Jiajun , Ong Jason J , Fairley Christopher K , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The 2022 global outbreak of mpox has significantly impacted health facilities, and necessitated additional infection prevention and control measures and alterations to clinic processes. Early identification of suspected mpox cases will assist in mitigating these impacts.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI)–based tool to differentiate mpox lesion images from other skin lesions seen in a sexual health clinic.

METHODS

We used a data set with 2200 images, that included mpox and non-mpox lesions images, collected from Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and web resources. We adopted deep learning approaches which involved 6 different deep learning architectures to train our AI models. We subsequently evaluated the performance of each model using a hold-out data set and an external validation data set to determine the optimal model for differentiating between mpox and non-mpox lesions.

RESULTS

The DenseNet-121 model outperformed other models with an overall area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.928, an accuracy of 0.848, a precision of 0.942, a recall of 0.742, and an F1-score of 0.834. Implementation of a region of interest approach significantly improved the performance of all models, with the AUC for the DenseNet-121 model increasing to 0.982. This approach resulted in an increase in the correct classification of mpox images from 79% (55/70) to 94% (66/70). The effectiveness of this approach was further validated by a visual analysis with gradient-weighted class activation mapping, demonstrating a reduction in false detection within the background of lesion images. On the external validation data set, ResNet-18 and DenseNet-121 achieved the highest performance. ResNet-18 achieved an AUC of 0.990 and an accuracy of 0.947, and DenseNet-121 achieved an AUC of 0.982 and an accuracy of 0.926.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrated it was possible to use an AI-based image recognition algorithm to accurately differentiate between mpox and common skin lesions. Our findings provide a foundation for future investigations aimed at refining the algorithm and establishing the place of such technology in a sexual health clinic.

CLINICALTRIAL
Psychological Interventions and Those With Elements of Positive Psychology for Child and Youth Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Literature Review, Lessons Learned, and Areas for Future Knowledge Dissemination (Preprint)
Authors: Lyzwinski Lynnette , Zwicker Jennifer D , Mcdonald Sheila , Tough Suzanne
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

There was a marked decline in child and teenage mental health worldwide during the pandemic, with increasing prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicide. Research indicates that positive psychological interventions may be beneficial for mental health.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this review were to evaluate positive psychological interventions for child and youth mental health implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess overall effectiveness for mental health and knowledge.

METHODS

We undertook a literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar for all eligible studies on digital and hybrid in-person psychological interventions for youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. A particular emphasis was placed on positive psychological interventions or interventions that had components of positive psychology, including gratitude, acceptance, positive emotions, or resilience building.

RESULTS

A total of 41 interventions were included in this review. Most of the interventions were digital. Overall, most of the interventions assisted with one or more mental health or psychological indicators, such as depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, stress, and resilience. However, findings were mixed when it came to targeting both depression and anxiety together. The interventions that promoted youth mental health most often had a range of diverse positive psychology components and were evidence based. Not all studies measured changes in mindfulness. Few studies examined knowledge acquired on mental health self-care, managing mental health problems, knowledge of positive psychological techniques, mindfulness knowledge, or mental health self-efficacy.

CONCLUSIONS

Diverse multicomponent interventions appear to assist with youth mental health overall, although their effects on both depression and anxiety are less clear. There is also a need for more research on knowledge gains to determine whether the interventions improved knowledge on mental health–supportive behaviors, which may be sustained beyond the intervention. Finally, more studies need to evaluate whether the interventions assisted with increasing self-efficacy for practicing positive psychological techniques as well as changes in mindfulness levels. Future studies should not only assess effectiveness for mental health outcomes but also assess knowledge translation, with valid measures of knowledge and self-efficacy for mental health–supportive behaviors and positive psychological skills acquired (eg, the ability to practice mindfulness).
Impact of abdominal drainage on outcomes after uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparative clinical study
Authors: Katib Waseem Ahmed El , Meazher Nasser Madhlom , Jaddoa Afrah Hasan , Razaq Abdul Rahman Kadhim Abdul , Nasrawi Alaa Jumaah Manji
Published: September 2024

Background. The most common laparoscopic procedure worldwide is laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), which has become the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. However, there is still considerable disagreement about the effectiveness of regular drainage after LC in reducing postoperative morbidity. Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 randomly selected patients. Out of 200, 100 were chosen with a drain (group A) and 100 with no drain (group B). The same antibiotics were given to both groups postoperatively. Every patient has undergone LC using the standard four-port method. The post-surgical complications were noted and compared. Results. The results of this study showed that there was a statistically significant difference between group A and B in terms of length of hospital stay (P = 0.000), with group A length of stay being more extended. Nausea and vomiting were slightly more often in group A than in group B (P = 0.482, 0.153). Regarding abdominal pain, the distribution is as follows: 48.8 % in group A and 51.2 % in group B. For the moderate level of discomfort, it was recorded in 44.4 % of patients in group B and in 55.6 % of group A (P = 0.462). The current study also showed that using a drain significantly affected shoulder symptoms, which were more frequent in group B (P = 0.000). Regarding port site infection, there was no significant difference between two groups (P = 0.234). Finally, no patients developed deep vein thrombosis or postoperative ileus. Conclusions. In this study, there is no practical benefit from routine subhepatic drain insertion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Die Bedeutung der Josef Ressel Zentren für die angewandte Forschung an der Fachhochschule Oberösterreich
Authors:   FH Oberösterreich, Research Center Wels, Röhrl Clemens
Published: September 2024

Josef Ressel Zentren (JR-Zentren) als fachhochschulspezifische Förderschiene ermöglichen anwendungsorientierte Forschung in Zusammenarbeit mit Industriepartnern. Die strategische Bedeutung für die Fachhochschulen ergibt sich durch die Förderung von exzellenter angewandter Forschung, der Förderung des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses, die enorme Hebelwirkung durch die Möglichkeiten zur Akquise von Nachfolgeprojekten, sowie die Vernetzung mit Industriepartnern, was sich an der FH Oberösterreich durch konkrete Kennzahlen untermauern lässt. Weiters wird in diesem Artikel ein Überblick über die Forschungsaktivitäten der elf abgeschlossenen und laufenden JR-Zentren an der FH Oberösterreich gegeben und an Beispielen gezeigt, dass der Transfer angewandter Forschung in Produkte und Dienstleistungen erfolgreich gelingt.
Effects of Nanoparticle on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Gupta Rupesh , Norkey Gavendra
Published: September 2024

Abstract: “This study explores the “synergistic effects of Nanoclay and graphene oxide (GO) on the mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites. Epoxy resins, known for their excellent adhesion, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties, are widely used in” various engineering applications. However, their inherent brittleness limits their performance in high-stress environments. To overcome this limitation, nanoparticles such as nanoclay and GO were incorporated into the epoxy matrix at different concentrations. The resulting nanocomposites were subjected to comprehensive mechanical testing, including flexural strength and modulus evaluations. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in mechanical properties, with the optimal nanoparticle loading showing up to a 50% improvement in flexural strength compared to the pristine epoxy. “This enhancement is attributed to the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles within the matrix, leading to improved stress distribution and crack resistance. The study provides valuable insights into the design of”” high-performance epoxy nanocomposites for advanced engineering applications, emphasizing the role of nanoparticle selection and dispersion in tailoring material properties.
Lipid nanoparticles in the treatment of lung cancer
Authors: Wu Zhenggang
Published: September 2024

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Impact of cosmetics and self confidence level among women
Authors: Kaushik Neeru , Vijayasimha M , Singh Vikram , Jha R K
Published: September 2024

Numerous Indian ladies experience the ill effects of poor self-perception and low self-assurance. Wearing cosmetics is something they can do to rapidly and briefly change their appearance, in this manner expecting certainty. Most of research on ladies and their confidence have truly been identified with how they feel about their body shape and size. In any case, very little consideration has been given to a specific population, but movie ladies can make to improve their fearlessness applying beauty care products. Utilizing distinctive items and hues, ladies can utilize cosmetics to investigate and depict their very own uniqueness. Ladies of adolescent in explicit appearance practice to recognize day and night looks, basic looks and searches for unique events. They are regularly observed as an approach to upgrade ladylike excellence beliefs and serve to assist ladies with conforming to our general public's magnificence desires. Shift with respect to body estimate, skin composition, hair length and shading and the utilization of embellishments. Numerous ladies may wear cosmetics with the conviction that it will decidedly influence their dimension of physical engaging quality. Cosmetics hold the likelihood for a lady to by and by change herself, bringing about an expansion in self-assurance. A young lady's underlying experimentation with beauty care products is in early immaturity towards building up a ladylike character. This review is to evaluate the present status of cosmetics on women confidence.  Beauty care products are frequently an apparatus utilized for social self-introduction and mental self-view the executives. Pre-adult and school age young ladies wearing make-up is halfway because of their anxiety for their appearance and how they feel about themselves when others take a gander at their flawed skin. Such utilization of facial beautifying agents may support a lady's feeling of trust in her appearance, in this manner making her increasingly confident thought that certainty is accomplished when physical appearance coordinates the circumstance.
Determination of Albuterol in Bulk and Dosage Form by UV-Visible Spectroscopy using Buffer-Ethanol System
Authors: Phanasekar Prashant G , Sharma Pushpendra
Published: September 2024

A novel, simple, accurate and precise UV-visible spectroscopic method for determination albuterol in buffer-ethanol (1:1) system has been developed and validated. The linearity is obeyed over a concentration range of 10-100 μg/ml with correlation coefficient of 0.9989 for drug. The proposed method was validated by determining accuracy, precision and stability parameters. The method was found to be robust. The method was used successfully for the determination of albuterol in aerosol dosage form.
Keywords: Albuterol, Stress, Accuracy, Oxidation, Degradation
Evaluation of Anxiolytic Activity of Pitavastatin in Male Albino Mice
Authors: Chiluveru Premkumar , Thirupathi G. , Ravi Chander T.
Published: September 2024

To assess the anxiolytic activity of Pitavastatin in male albino mice. To compare the anxiolytic activity of Pitavastatin with standard drug as diazepam. Anxiety is an emotional state, unpleasant in nature, associated with uneasiness, discomfort and fear about something.  This Anxiety higher in developed countries than developing countries, moreover womens are more prone to this. At present we find number of marketed drugs all that are producing somewhat tolerated compounds. As by with that condition we conducted this study comparison with  pitavastatin with diazepam. Pitavastatin and Diazepam were dissolved in saline. Control group mice were injected with saline. All drugs and saline were injected intraperitoneally, placed all in plus maze method and collected the data. Elevated plus maze Pitavastatin at dose 30 mg/kg and 50mg/kg increased number of open arm and total arm entries, time spent in open arm and decreased time spent in closed arm. The results suggest that the significant dose-dependent antianxiety activity of Pitavastatin is similar to the behavioral effects of Diazepam.
Keywords: Anxiolytic activity, Pitavastatin, Diazepam.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, a modern epidemic: An overview
Authors: Mohd Maqsood , Maqbool Mudasir , Dar Mohmad Amin , Mushtaq Insha
Published: September 2024

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women, but can be very difficult to diagnose and treat due to vague presentation of symptoms and a lack of standardization in treatment. PCOS is characterized by hyperandrogenic manifestation like acne, hirsutism and chronic anovulation and is associated with metabolic derangement such as hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome is still unclear due to its multifactorial complexity; however, it has been observed and understood that there are several environmental and genetic factors, such as genetic variations like mutations and polymorphisms, differential regulation of genes, and pathways, may contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS.The occurrence of considerable heterogeneity in clinical symptoms and endocrine features associated with PCOS implies that some women with Polycystic Ovaries on ultrasound scan may even exhibit none of the other features of PCOS.There is a spectacular increase in the prevalence of PCOS all over the world especially in Asia. The condition seems to be on a rise in Kashmir valley although systematic studies on the subject are still underway. In this review article, we will briefly provide an overview about the polycystic ovary syndrome.
Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Genetic basis, clinical presentation
Extraction, Characterization and Evaluation of Okara Mucilage
Authors: Dhobale Shankar M. , Kolhe Shilpa S. , Darekar Pratiksha P. , Dere Tanhaji R. , Date Shubhangi H. , Badhe Pooja V.
Published: September 2024

Mucilage is the thick, gluey substances produced by nearly all plant and some microorganisms. Okra mucilage is extracted from the plant of the malavaceae [A. esculantus]. Which is originally from Egypt, but it also in cropped in southern Asia elsewhere for nutritional purposes. Their use as potential reinforcement in polymer composites requires the understanding of their microstructure and mechanical properties. This work investigates the extraction methods, solubility behavior, TLC, loss on drying, ash value, FTIR spectra, surface tension, organoleptic properties. Extracted mucilage is soluble in warm water while insoluble in organic solvents. This can shows that it safely used in dosage form without causing any adverse effect.
Keywords: Okara Mucilage, Pharmaceutical Excipients, Controlled-Release Formulation
Detection of Vaginosis causing by Gardnerella vaginalis among Pregnant Women attending a Khartoum State Hospitals by using conversional method
Authors: Mohammed Rayan Abdelwahid , Elmukashfi Salman Taha Ahmed , Khalifa Omer Abu Elgasim , Eltaib Hadia Abass
Published: September 2024

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of unpleasant vaginal odor and discharge in women of reproductive age. It is induced by an imbalance in naturally occurring microflora. Any change in the resident flora including reduction of lactobacilli allows for different anaerobic bacteria to gain a foothold and multiply. Nevertheless the process is multifactorial and the initial mechanism of replacement of normal lactobacillary flora by opportunistic pathogens. In pregnancy, certain complications such as preterm delivery, premature rupture of the membranes, and so on could ensue from Bacterial vaginosis.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of Gardnerella vaginalis among pregnant women at Khartoum state hospitals, and to find out risk factors predisposing to the infection.
Material and methods: A total of 140 of high vaginal swab were collected and examined by using wet preparation, Amsel criteria and culture method for detection of Gardnerella vaginalis from 70 pregnant women attended to Khartoum hospitals.
Results: The overall prevalence of the studied Gardnerella vaginalis among pregnant women at Khartoum hospitals was as follows:
Gardnerella vaginalis was isolated from 20 pregnant women (28.5%). The most frequent age group was 21-30 years (71.4%) and the most frequent group was second trimester (61.5%).
Conclusion: The highest rate with Gardnerella was detected from pregnant women that came from Khartoum, followed by Omdurman. The most infections were detected in second trimester of pregnancy. The rate of Gardenerlla was found to be higher within age group 21-30 years.
Keywords: Pregnant Women, vaginosis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Sudanese
Development and characterization of Glibenclamide containing Transdermal Patches
Authors: Rahman Syed Ata Ur , Sharma Neeraj
Published: September 2024

Transdermal drug delivery has had a rich past and is now emerging as a major alternative to other delivery systems. As this technique has matured and new fundamentals have been integrated into its development, new products and applications have shown new ways in which skin can play a larger part in healthcare and quality of life. Improved delivery has been shown for drugs of differing. The cumulative percentage of drug released in 12 h was found to be minimum and maximum for the formulations F4 and F10 i.e. 81.023 ± 3.013 % and 98.564 ±3.005%.The results of the drug content in all the formulations were found to be in the range of 96 to 98 %. The maximum moisture loss was 4.3300 ± 0.0360 %. The prepared film had tendency to absorb moisture effectively. Glibenclamide is a third generation oral anti-diabetic sulphonylurea drug frequently prescribed to patients of type 2 diabetes. Glibenclamide therapy improves postprandial insulin/C-peptide response, and overall glycaemia control. The development of Glibenclamide transdermal patch for anti-diabetic will be an excellent dosage form for market strategy due to its very fast action and better patient compliance.
Keywords: Transdermal, cyclodextrin, formulation, release
Oral Mucosal Immunization Recent Advancement and Exploit Dendritic Cell Targeting
Authors: Arora Daisy , Rana Sushmita , Gupta GD. , Chaudhary Amit , Singh Bhupendra
Published: September 2024

Oral mucosal vaccine thrive significant interest in developing vaccines that evoke mucosal moreover systemic immune response i.e. induction of IgA. Oral immunization consistently preferred over conventional immunization because it provides strengthens inpatient acquiescence, needle-free delivery, cost-effective. Thereby strong antibody production at the mucosal site is not refreshing by parenteral administration of the vaccines. Antibodies produced on the mucosal surface instead of it also start common mucosal immune system (CMIS). Vaccines allow particulate delivery protection of antigen. Polylactic-co-glycolic acid, poly lactic acid loaded nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers; proteosomes are some of the nanocarriers which protect the antigen from their degradation. Authentication concepts of various studies on the mucosal vaccine by using nanotechnology for targeting to dendritic cell presenting on Peyer's patch elicit antibody production. This review sums up current studies on mucosal vaccination by using nanocarrier. More of the studies have been done on mucosal for improvement in methodology.
Keywords: Antigen, Nanotechnology, Dendritic cells, Peyer’s patch, Vaccine
La Economía experimental, del comportamiento y de la información sobre la accidentalidad vial en Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez Ossa Jahir Alexander , Mira Olano Luz Elena
Published: September 2024

En principio, se hará hincapié sobre el fundamento experimental del comportamiento y de la información que explica la accidentalidad vial, seguido, de la trayectoria que para lo propio cumplen las divisiones de la economía, para finalmente, postular modelos de corte transversal y continua, que puedan dar una idea sobre lo que para uno y otro caso implica el análisis de la accidentalidad vial en la economía, teniendo como presente, la posibilidad de plantear hojas de ruta en cuanto a lo que ello conlleva con respecto a la teoría de decisiones, la elección racional e información incompleta que recae sobre la accidentalidad, explicando dicha situación a un hecho circunstancial ajeno a la prevención y, que corre por cuenta de la naturaleza del episodio que sea analizable en periodos cortos, pero que requiere mayor revisión cuando se busca naturaleza económica de la accidentalidad vial, se considera que está se sustenta en la economía experimental, del comportamiento y de la información desde las que se explican hechos que atentan, contravienen o perjudican la condición y las decisiones humanas de manera directa e indirecta frente a la sociedad al considerar la fundamentación de la economía sobre la accidentalidad en Colombia, superando a la salud pública. El concepto experimental, denota que no se comporta como un mercado en sentido estricto o exacto en cuanto a demanda, oferta, precios de mercado o equilibrio económico general, y es incompleto, porque no se toma bajo criterio racional, sino que son situaciones inesperadas. Por ende, el artículo es de reflexión, más que de revisión o de resultados, toda vez que la información es escasa y obedece más a discrecionalidad de los actores involucrados al igual que de ellos para con el sistema de salud conforme a la naturaleza del accidente vial, por ende, aún no es claro un concepto univoco, pero para efectos del artículo se toma este último para indicar lo experimental.
Perspectivas del perfil laboral y profesional del Contador Público en América Latina
Authors: Lemus Quintero Jennifer Andrea , Navarro Paba Astrid
Published: September 2024

Este artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo describir las perspectivas en el perfil laboral y profesional del Contador Público en América Latina centrándose en la revisión del diseño curricular de programas formativos en instituciones de educación superior, públicas, de la región. Además, se revisan diferentes orientaciones técnicas lideradas por instituciones nacionales e internacionales acerca de las respuestas que globalmente deben tenerse en cuenta para la recuperación en tiempo post pandemia, priorizando el bienestar de las personas. Se llevó a cabo una investigación documental con un enfoque descriptivo y cualitativo, utilizando un método deductivo. Los resultados revelan que las inclinaciones profesionales y laborales de los Contadores Públicos tras la crisis sanitaria, abordan aspectos relacionados con el desarrollo y mejora de las competencias y habilidades en el manejo de las tecnologías de la comunicación e información, inteligencia artificial, dimensiones ambientales y sociales, ética y responsabilidad social, participación activa en la planeación estratégica de las organizaciones y el desempeño docente e investigador, a la luz de las actuales dinámicas laborales y legales.
Do baianinho ao CB: um estudo sobre a transformação da mascote das Casas Bahia
Authors:   , Ludugério Geyvison Souto
Published: September 2024

A pesquisa tem como tema a humanização das marcas e suas transformações enquanto valores simbólicos, especialmente por meio da presença de mascotes nas redes sociais. Com o crescimento da digitalização na comunicação e o destaque dado ao consumo, tem ocorrido influência na forma como as marcas se comunicam com seus consumidores. Neste estudo, analisei a evolução das mascotes de marca, que deixaram de ser coadjuvantes na publicidade tradicional para se tornarem figuras interativas e participativas na internet, ganhando vida por meio de movimentos e vozes. A pesquisa se orienta pela seguinte pergunta: “De que maneira a crescente digitalização das formas de comunicação e a predominância da lógica do consumo têm impactado a comunicação das marcas, especialmente no que se refere às suas representações antropomórficas?”. O objetivo geral deste estudo é refletir sobre as transformações pelas quais a publicidade vem passando, com o advento das mídias digitais, a partir da figura dos assistentes virtuais de marcas. Além disso, defini os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) Compreender o contexto sociocultural no qual ocorreram as principais transformações na publicidade e no consumo a partir da segunda metade do século XX, destacando sua relação com a comunicação; 2) Analisar a evolução dos personagens de marca, desde mascotes estáticos até mascotes humanizados; 3) Realizar uma análise crítica, utilizando uma abordagem teórico-empírica, do advento do CB, mascote das Casas Bahia, no meio digital. Para alcançar esses objetivos, realizei uma revisão teórico-empírica, abrangendo obras de autores como Manuel Castells, Henry Jenkins, Gilles Lipovetsky, Zygmunt Bauman, Jean Baudrillard, Guy Debord, Pierre Lévy, Lucia Santaella e Clotilde Perez. Entre os resultados obtidos, destaco o paralelo entre o avanço da publicidade e da internet. Observo como as mídias sociais muitas vezes distorcem a realidade de uma sociedade dominada pela revolução informacional, refletindo uma forma de comunicação pós-massiva. Isso também está relacionado ao surgimento de um novo tipo de consumidor, que valoriza mais os aspectos simbólicos do que a finalidade do produto. É fundamental analisar criticamente o papel das mascotes digitais na publicidade. A aparente transformação da mascote das Casas Bahia reflete a identidade desse novo consumidor, que se identifica com um estilo visual neutro, não regional e altamente simbólico e visual. Isso é um reflexo de um novo público, que participa de uma economia diferente e está cada vez mais presente no mercado digital.
Refleksje wokół koncepcji marketingu w agrobiznesie
Authors: Pudełkiewicz Eugeniusz
Published: September 2024

Celem opracowania jest zwrócenie uwagi na potrzebę rozwijania nowej dziedziny wiedzy, związanej z wykorzystaniem różnych typów i rodzajów współczesnych koncepcji marketingowych w agrobiznesie. Potrzeba rozwijania nowej dziedziny określanej jako marketing w agrobiznesie wiąże się przede wszystkim z biznesową naturą, specyfiką i charakterem poszczególnych ogniw agrobiznesu. Praktyczne zastosowania marketingu w agrobiznesie mają coraz większe znaczenie ze względu na konkurencyjność, innowacyjność i procesy globalizacji we współczesnym świecie
Comparison of production and economic dependence within the growing of sunflower in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Dušan Dobák , Klimentová Katarína , Récky Roman
Published: September 2024

Growing of oil crops has spread considerably in the last years. The most important oil crop grown in our conditions is oilseed rape. Sunflower is the second most important crop grown in the Slovak Republic. In this paper we evaluate the growing of sunflower from the production and economic point of view. Only the years 1996, 2004 – 2009 are dealt with in the paper. Obtained results show that economic advantage of growing of sunflower is affected mainly by the climatic conditions as well as by the intensification of production and support policy. The year 2007 was economically most advantageous of evaluated years. The highest loss within the growing of sunflower was recorded in 2009. Higher hectare yield of sunflower can be achieved by the intensification of production.
Influence of cash flows from the Common Agricultural Policy on liquidity of Slovak trading companies in agriculture in the period 2000-2009
Authors: Gallová Zuzana , Serenčéš Peter
Published: September 2024

Slovak agriculture is constantly dynamically changing. Accession process to the EU of this sector is important for Slovak agriculture harmonization of agricultural policy related to the Common Agricultural Policy. Integration into the European Union and as well as using the funds of the Common Agricultural Policy significantly affect financial ratios and others indicators as liquidity, solvency and cash flow, which was evaluated the financial statements of assessed financial management. Financial situation of entity is a mirror through which the enterprise is perceived by its surroundings. The situation of liquidity is a determinant, which influences the opinion of external subjects about entity and its financial health. The paper compared the period before and after accession to the European Union (EU), it means the period from 2000 to 2009 with the aim to find the answer if the financial liquidity of Slovak enterprises in agriculture have had a positive or negative development trend.
Wydatki budżetu państwo na sektor rolny i KRUS w latach 2004-2008
Authors: Gołasa Piotr
Published: September 2024

W artykule przedstawiono wydatki budżetu państwa na zadania związane z rolnictwem i ubezpieczeniami społecznymi rolników w latach 2004-2008. Zwrócono uwagę na potrzebę rozróżnienia tych dwóch rodzajów wydatków z racji ich zupełnie różnego charakteru. Stwierdzono, iż wydatki na rolnictwo w badanym okresie wzrastały z ok. 11 mld zł. w 2004 roku do 38 mld zł. w 2008 roku. Natomiast wydatki związane z KRUS pozostawały na praktycznie niezmiennym poziomie ok. 15 mld zł., co było spowodowane znaczącym spadkiem świadczeniobiorców. W podsumowaniu zwrócono uwagę na potrzebą zmian w obu sektorach. W przypadku wydatków na rolnictwo miałyby one polegać na planowaniu wydatków w układzie zadaniowym, natomiast jeżeli chodzi o KRUS wymaga to znacznie głębszej reformy.
Zarządzanie strategiczne w lokalnej wspólnocie samorządowej jako narzędzie racjonalizacji wydatków publicznych – przegląd podstawowych obszarów
Authors: Milewska Anna
Published: September 2024

W artykule tym autorka przedstawiała wybrane elementy koncepcji nowego publicznego zarzadzania wraz możliwościami zastosowania postulatów z niej wynikających w zarządzaniu podstawową jednostkę samorządu terytorialnego. Gmina jako podstawowa jednostka samorządu terytorialnego jest specyficzną organizacją wyodrębnioną z otocznia i jednocześnie powiązana z nim poprzez sferę gospodarczą, spoleczną, przestrzenną, ekologiczną oraz kulturową. Wyposażona została w konstytucyjnie chronioną samodzielność działania będąc jednocześnie elementarną częścią powiatu, województwa i państwa, w związku z tym w swoim przedsiewzięiach zobowiazana jest uwzględniać obok interesu społecznosci lokalnej także interes całego kraju i ogółu społeczełstwa. Celem istnienia lokalnej wspólnoty samorządowej jest zaspokajanie zbiorowych potrzeb mieszkańców i przez to tworzenie odpowiedniego środowiska życia dla lokalnej ludności. Poprawa warunków życia mieszkańców gminy następuje w wyniku stwarzania najlepszych możliwosci dla rozwoju przedsiębiorczości oraz dostarczaniu o odpowiedniej jakości puli usług publicznych. Problem tej jest szczególnie istotny przy ograniczonych mozliwościach nakładania nowych danin publicznych i jednoczesnym wzroście wydatków budżetowych
Środowisko w budżecie zadaniowym – 2011 rok
Authors: Rudzka Beata
Published: September 2024

W tekście omówiono ujęcie wydatków na ochronę środowiska w polskim budżecie zadaniowym, zaprezentowane zostały planowane przez dysponentów części budżetowych i Narodowy Fundusz Ochrony Środowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej wydatki/koszty, mierniki i cele na rok 2011
Surface family interpolating a common spherical indicatrix curve
Authors: Güler Fatma , Bayram Ergin , Kasap Emin
Published: September 2024

The trajectory of a moving particle in space forms a curve. By moving a line
along a curve, a surface called ruled surface is obtained. The striction
point on a ruled surface is the foot of the common normal between two
consecutive generators or ruling. The set of striction points defines the
striction curve. In the present paper, we obtain surfaces passing through
the spherical indicatrix curves formed on the unit sphere by the end points
of the geodesic Frenet frame formed on this curve. We present conditions for
these curves to be asymptotic curves or geodesic on the surface. We
illustrate the method with several examples.