bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fossil fish assemblage of the Laguna Formation, Philippines: unveiling the uniqueness of Pleistocene freshwater ecosystems in Southeast Asia
Authors: Přikryl Tomáš , Castro Abigael , Fernando Allan Gil , Nogot Jaan Ruy Conrad , Magtoto Clarence , Garas Kevin , Mediodia Dominique , Lin Chien-Hsiang
Published: January 2025

This study offers a comprehensive analysis and detailed description of the fossil fish assemblage from the Pleistocene Laguna Formation in Luzon Island, Philippines. The fish fossils were collected from the deeper lacustrine facies of the formation, and a total of three fish families were identified. The identification is based on the recognizable synapomorphies in 10 moderately preserved semi-articulated individuals of ray-finned fish specimens, some of which include counterparts. The assemblage is predominantly composed of small clupeiforms of the family Dorosomatidae, accompanied by a gobioid fish (Gobiidae or Oxudercidae) and a synbranchid specimen (Synbranchidae), each represented by a single specimen. This taphocoenosis preserves free-swimming dorosomatids and demersal gobioid and synbranchid, suggesting an autochthonous assemblage with minimal postmortem sorting. Despite all recognized taxa being tolerant to changes in salinity, the environment is inferred to have been freshwater, analogous to modern Taal Lake, where a freshwater sardine thrives. This study represents the first systematic description of freshwater fish fossils in the Philippines and marks the first discovery of these taxa in the tropical West Pacific region.
Development of CPAP Overlay Interfaces for Efficient Administration of Aerosol Surfactant Therapy to Preterm Infants
Authors: Jubaer Hasan , Strickler Sarah , Farkas Dale , Dalton Caleb , Momin Mohammad A. M. , Dodson Kelley M. , Hindle Michael , Longest Worth
Published: January 2025

The administration of surfactant aerosol therapy to preterm infants receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) respiratory support is highly challenging due to small flow passages, relatively high ventilation flow rates, rapid breathing and small inhalation volumes. To overcome these challenges, the objective of this study was to implement a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and develop an overlay nasal prong interface design for use with CPAP respiratory support that enables high efficiency powder aerosol delivery to the lungs of preterm infants when needed (i.e., on-demand) and can remain in place without increasing the work of breathing compared with a baseline CPAP interface. Realistic in vitro experiments were first conducted to generate baseline validation data, and then the CFD model, once validated, was used to explore key design parameters across a range of preterm infant nose-throat geometries and aerosol delivery conditions. The most important factors for efficient aerosol delivery were shown to be (i) maintaining the aerosol delivery flow rate below the tracheal flow rate (to minimize CPAP line loss) and (ii) concentrating the aerosol within the first portion of the inhalation waveform. An optimized design was shown to deliver approximately 37–60% of the nominal dose through the system and to the lungs with low intersubject variability (1050–2200 g infants) across two modes of device actuation (automated and manual) with room for further improvement. Ergonomic curvatures and streamlining of the prong geometries were also found to reduce work of breathing and flow resistance compared with a commercial alternative.

Graphical Abstract
Microfluidic Approach for Enhanced Paeoniflorin Transdermal Delivery: A Comparative Study on Different Chips and Mixing Dynamics
Authors: Gu Qifei , Xiao Wuqing , Zhu Yingyin , Zhong Wanling , Sui Xue , Liu Yongchao , Zhang Jie , Wu Huichao , Zhou Rui
Published: January 2025

Paeoniflorin is a natural pharmaceutical ingredient with a widely biological activity. However, as a hydrophilic drug, the problem of low transdermal rate limits its clinical application. To overcome this shortage, LUVs were used as biocompatible carriers of paeoniflorin in this study. We prepared paeoniflorin-loaded large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) with W/O/W structure by microfluidics. We used four kinds of chips to prepare paeoniflorin LUVs and explored the effects of the chip structures on LUVs properties applying both experiments and numerical simulations. The difference of fluid mixing mechanisms was analyzed among four different channels, including straight and curved structures. Then we evaluated the differences in skin permeability among the three groups, paeoniflorin aqueous solution group, drug-loaded liposome group and blank liposome & drug mixture group, using the abdominal skin of male mice. The results showed that the structure of the microfluidic channel was a key factor affecting the flow rate and mixing efficiency. The mixing efficiency further affected the liposome size. The mixing efficiency of curved channel was not better than that of a straight channel due to the low flow rate and long mixing time. By the results of transdermal experiments, LUVs could reduce the transdermal time and increase the total transdermal amount. LUVs effectively improved the transdermal absorption efficiency of paeoniflorin. In conclusion, paeoniflorin LUVs with highly efficient transdermal were successfully prepared by using microfluidics. We explored the underlying fluid dynamics that lead to variations in the preparation with different chip structures. The transdermal effect of the LUVs was verified.

Graphical Abstract
Model Averaging Under Flexible Loss Functions
Authors: Gu Dieqi , Liu Qingfeng , Zhang Xinyu
Published: January 2025

To address model uncertainty under flexible loss functions in prediction problems, we propose a model averaging method that accommodates various loss functions, including asymmetric linear and quadratic loss functions as well as many other asymmetric/symmetric loss functions as special cases. The flexible loss function allows the proposed method to average a large range of models such as the quantile and expectile regression models. To determine the weights of the candidate models, we establish a J-fold cross-validation criterion. Asymptotic optimality and weight convergence are proved for the proposed method. Simulations and an empirical application show the superior performance of the proposed method compared with other methods of model selection and averaging.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning.

Funding: This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation [Grant Z240004], Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI) [Grant 22H00833 to Q. Liu], the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research [Grant YSBR-008], and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71925007, 72091212 and 72495124].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0291 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0291 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Comprehensive demonstration of link fiber-induced spurious signals in interferometric FBG hydrophones
Authors: Pan Tong , Hu Qihao , Shen Yu , Bian Yujie , Ma Lina
Published: January 2025

The interferometric Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) hydrophone has wide applications in ocean acoustic detection and seismic wave monitoring. The interference signal from external sources is routed to the elements through the link fiber connecting the dry and wet ends, which is a critical bottleneck that limits system performance. This paper presents a comprehensive model for link fiber-induced spurious signals, which demonstrates the physical processes and signal characteristics of the Doppler effect and the Rayleigh scattering effect, illustrating how they interact to generate the link interference signal. It is found that the dominant physical mechanism depends on the location of the link interference signal source. The interference signal source closer to the dry end mainly transmits signals to hydrophone elements through the Doppler effect, and the amplitude of the induced spurious signal depends on the frequency. When the link fiber is longer, the interference signal from the source near the wet end is simultaneously transmitted to hydrophone elements through the Doppler effect and Rayleigh scattering effect, during which the Rayleigh scattering effect leads to a spurious signal intensity increase of up to 10 dB. Additionally, the correlation with signal frequency decreases as instability rises. This thorough analysis of the physical process of link fiber-induced spurious signals will advance the development of interference suppression techniques, substantially boosting the sensitivity and reliability of interferometric FBG hydrophones for applications in harsh environments with disturbances.
Latitude- and temperature-based optimization of beam-down solar central receiver systems
Authors: Li Lifeng , Zheng Yihan , Li Xian , Wang Bo , Yang Song , Wang Wei , Lipiński Wojciech , Shuai Yong , Wang Chi-Hwa
Published: January 2025

Optical and energetic characteristics are studied for beam-down solar central receiver (SCR) systems. The geometrical configuration of the beam-down SCR system is optimized for maximum solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency, taking into account the effects of latitude and receiver temperature. System characterization and optimization are undertaken with a numerical model combining an in-house developed Monte-Carlo ray tracing optical model and a simplified receiver heat transfer model. A differential evolution (DE) algorithm is applied to automate the optimization process. Parallel computing using OpenMP is employed to reduce the computational time. From the simulations, the optimized optical configurations of the beam-down SCR systems under the specified conditions of receiver temperature and latitude are discovered. Under the assumptions made in this study, it is found that the acquired radiative power at the receiver aperture from the optimized systems ranges from about 35 MW to 45  MW, and the eccentricity of the hyperboloidal tower reflector is between 1.6 and 1.7. The maximum achievable solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency decreases from 0.43 to 0.36 when an SCR system operated at 1,800 K is moved from latitude 0° to 50°, mainly due to the increased cosine and shading losses with higher latitudes. In addition to reduced efficiencies, the heliostat field gets larger for higher latitudes, worsening its techno-economic performance when considering the cost per unit of useful energy output. A clear trend of efficiency decrease with the higher receiver temperature is demonstrated, resulting from the significant increase of receiver radiative emission losses with the temperature.
Near transform-limited nanosecond pulse generation in mode-locked fiber lasers
Authors: Chen Fanglin , Komarov Andrey , Tang Xiahui , Tang Ming , Zhao Zhi , Kovachev Lubomir , Cheng Xueping , Zhao Luming
Published: January 2025

By introducing significant anomalous dispersion in a fiber laser, we numerically obtained a mode-locked pulse with a pulse duration of 1.9 ns and 3-dB bandwidth of 1.3 pm, which corresponds to a time-bandwidth product of about 0.317. The output pulse energy is 1.9 nJ. The variation of output pulses versus introduced dispersion is presented. It is found that, determined by the soliton area theorem, transform-limited nanosecond mode-locked pulses could be expected. In addition, we numerically observed the period doubling phenomenon by increasing the pump power, which indicates that fiber lasers operating in the regime of significant anomalous dispersion can still exhibit rich nonlinear dynamics based on nanosecond pulses. For a fixed cavity dispersion, the pulse energy achievable is limited by the appearance of pulse nonlinear dynamics.
Transmitting squeezed states in a cascaded cavity-magnonic system
Authors: Yang Zhi-Bo , Yang Rong-Can , Liu Shutian
Published: January 2025

The squeezed state has wide applications in quantum information and metrology. This work demonstrates the long-distance transmission of a squeezed state, where we utilize a cavity-magnonic system composed of a cascaded cavity and a yttrium iron garnet sphere. The squeezed source, originating from a flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier, is mediated through six cavity modes and ultimately transmitted to magnon mode. With appropriate detuning matching, state transmission can be blocked at any mode, and the difference in squeezing phase between adjacent modes is π. Squeezed magnons exhibit high robustness against environmental temperature and magnetic damping. Our work provides prior guidance for multi-mode transmission of quantum states in continuous variable systems.
Connection between single-mode fiber and hollow-core fiber with large fabrication tolerance using a micro-ball lens
Authors: Cheng Tianqi , Li Zechen , Bai Linbin , Xiong Junjie , Chen Xiaoke , Ma Lin , He Zuyuan
Published: January 2025

We propose what we believe to be a novel interconnection technique between single-mode fiber (SMF) and nested anti-resonant node-less fiber (NANF), using a coreless fiber (CLF) melted micro-ball lens for mode field matching. The ball lens is fabricated by melting a section of the CLF, while the remaining portion provides an air gap for beam expansion and collimation. Theoretical analysis indicates that this structure exhibits significant dimensional tolerance, enabling efficient mode field matching for NANF with varying mode field diameters (MFDs). Experimental results validate the large fabrication tolerance of interconnection, with coupling loss fluctuations within 0.2 dB across a diffraction length variation of approximately 78 µm. The fabricated SMF–NANF–SMF sample achieves an insertion loss of less than 0.24 dB per interconnection and a return loss below −36 dB attributed to the anti-reflection coating applied to the ball lens. Furthermore, higher-order mode excitation is suppressed to below −45 dB, indicating good mode purity. This interconnection method offers a reliable and versatile solution for NANF-to-SMF integration across various applications.
Research Trends and Literature Review on Sewol Ferry in Korea
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jeon Yebin , Lee Soo-Bi
Published: January 2025

The Sewol ferry sinking near Jindo, Jeollanam-do, on April 16, 2014, resulted in 304 fatalities out of 476 passengers, profoundly affecting South Korea. This study analyzes 360 research papers spanning 10 years (2014-2023) to guide disaster research in the post-Sewol era. Research initially flourished but declined after three years, with most studies being qualitative or review-based, particularly in the social sciences. The topics covered were diverse, including disaster management policies, mental health impacts, humanistic interpretations, legal aspects, theological perspectives, media, politics, and individual experiences. The study recommends continuous, systematic research on large-scale disasters like Sewol, advocating for budgetary support and interdisciplinary approaches. It aims to direct post-Sewol disaster research towards enhancing disaster safety systems and response mechanisms in the future.
Hydrological and Geomorphological Vulnerability Analysis of Creek Watersheds to Flash Flood
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Changho , Lee Sungsu , Lee Seulgi
Published: January 2025

In this study, we analyzed the correlation among selected influencing variables such as stream length, runoff curve number, elevation difference, average slope, and agricultural land area within 72 creeks in the watershed of small streams in Miwon-myeon, Cheongju City, from a microscopic perspective. To investigate the relationship between the selected variables of the creeks and the scale of flood damage, we normalized the variables and calculated HGCV(Hydrological and Geomorphological Creek Vulnerability) using a formula based on Euclidean distance, classifying them into five grades. The analysis revealed that the high-risk group of flood damage, Grade 1, falls within the range of HGCV from 1.5 to 1.98, while the low-risk group, Grade 5, falls within the range of HGCV from 0.66 to 0.85. Furthermore, the combined scale of damage for Grade 1 and Grade 2 accounted for two-thirds of the total damage scale. Therefore, as an efficient measure for flood prevention, we propose prioritizing the maintenance of Grade 1(1.5-1.98), and Grade 2 creeks, determined based on their HGCVs.
Accuracy of pulse wave velocity for screening coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lever-Megina Carla-Geovanna , Cavero-Redondo Iván , Álvarez-Bueno Celia , Morales-Berenkova Cristina , Cabeza-Arrebola Germán , Saz-Lara Alicia
Published: January 2025

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of cardiovascular events and showed high prevalence and healthcare costs in 2019. However, CAD screening for cardiovascular event prevention is invasive and expensive. This study aims to estimate the ability of a noninvasive method, pulse wave velocity (PWV), to detect the presence or absence of coronary artery disease in patients with suspected CAD. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence was conducted, comparing PWV with the gold standard diagnostic method, angiography. The literature search was systematically performed in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases from inception to August 2024. Study quality assessment was performed using the Diagnostic Accuracy Study Quality Assessment Tool (QUADAS-2). Publication bias was assessed using the method proposed by Deeks. Statistical analyses were performed with the STATA SE software, version 15. The eight included studies had a cross-sectional design, in which the presence of CAD was measured simultaneously by PWV and angiography. To assess the accuracy of the tests, the overall sensitivity and specificity were combined into a single value, the diagnostic odds ratio (dOR), which provided a value of 3.61, indicating a high probability of detecting CAD by PWV. The implementation of PWV as a screening technique in healthcare centers could bring great benefits to patients with suspected CAD and increase efficiency in the use of healthcare resources.
Cardinal predation of the invasive Jorō spider Trichophila clavata (Araneae: Nephilidae) in Georgia
Authors: Pemberton Robert W.
Published: January 2025

The invasive Jorō spider (Trichophila clavata L. Koch: Araneae: Nephilidae), which was found to be established in Georgia in 2014, has become abundant and spread to many other states. Almost nothing is known about what predates the Jorō spider in its invasive range. A previous paper reported a Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis L. [Passeriformes: Cardinalidae]) perching on the web of a Jorō spider and lunging towards it, in what was interpreted to be a predation attempt. This note reports attacks by two Northern Cardinals (referred to hereafter as Cardinal) on Jorō spiders in Atlanta, Georgia. The first attack was observed when a male Cardinal continuously pecked at the top of a caged Jorō, just above the large female spider. Shortly after this attack a large living female Jorō spider was tethered by a thread around the pedicel and hung above and near to the caged Jorō that was attacked. After nearly an hour had passed, a female Cardinal flew in and grabbed the Jorō in its beak and tried to fly away with the spider. The Cardinal quickly returned and attacked the spider two more times but was unable to fly away with it because the tether held the spider in place. The spider was killed but not dismembered. Cardinals may be responsible for the destroyed and empty Jorō webs that are commonly seen. Although Cardinals are thought by many people as seed feeders, research has shown that they are among the most insectivorous of common birds.
Antiangiogenic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata extracts and molecular docking study by targeting VEGFR-2 pathway
Authors: Nazir Nausheen , Waqar Arbaz , Zaib Khan Amir , Ali Khan Ayaz , Aziz Tariq , Alasmari Abdullah F.
Published: January 2025

Background

Anti-angiogenesis or inhibition of blood vessel formation is the best way to prevent the growth and metastasis of tumors. Natural sources like plants are currently being explored for its antiangiogenic activity as they are factories of various phytochemicals. The goal of the current study is to investigate the antiangiogenic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata (E. umbellata) by using chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and molecular docking.

Methods

Based on our previous research, the antiangiogenic activity was carried out using active fractions including crude methanol (Eu-Met), ethyl acetate (Eu-EtAc), and chloroform (Eu-Chf) extracts using CAM assay. Furthermore, to understand the binding mechanism of identified compounds, molecular docking was performed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) using AutoDock vina as docking software. VEGFR-2 is overexpressed in pathological angiogenesis.

Results

In CAM assay, Eu-Met, Eu-EtAc, and Eu-Chf extracts showed antiangiogenic activities but notable antiangiogenic activities were exhibited by Eu-Chf with IC50 value of 65.02 μg/mL. In molecular docking, five compounds, catechin, catechin hydrate, morin, quercetin, and rutin, reported in the extract and active fractions (Eu-Met, Eu-EtAc, and Eu-Chf) of E. umbellata showed strong interactions with VEGFR-2 with binding affinities of −9.4, −9.3, −9.9, −10.2, and −9.4 kcal/mol.

Conclusion

Based on our results, we can claim that E. umbellata possess antiangiogenic activity which needs to be explored further.
Exploring metapragmatics of politeness lexemes using a computational approach
Authors: Chen Xi , Shin Gyu-Ho , Lee Jungmin
Published: January 2025

This study employs a computational method, together with qualitative analysis, to explore the metapragmatics of politeness lexemes that both scholars and laypersons fail to provide effective articulations for. We specifically choose two bewildering politeness lexemes – kyemson (‘modesty’) and kongson (‘politeness’) – in Korean, and use the computational approach to identify their metapragmatic differences by analyzing over 27,000 texts that feature their usage. Results show that, while kyemson is associated with speakers’ personal and interpersonal qualities, kongson is manifested in a range of normative semiotic practices. They both feature the concepts of lowering oneself and elevating others, but realize them at different levels. In addition, kyemson helps to achieve relational harmony regardless of social hierarchies, and kongson reinforces social hierarchies but speaks little of relational harmony. The findings make two important contributions – namely, providing a novel methodology to address the pitfall in analysing first-order and second-order politeness, and offering an insight into the underexplored politeness lexemes in Korean.
Synthesis and Structural Insight into the Bioactivity of Imines with 1,5-Dimethyl-2-Phenyl-1H-Pyrazol-3(2H)-One Structural Unit Derived from Phenolic Aldehydes
Authors: Dizdar Muamer , Topčagić Anela , Avdić Monia , Vidic Danijela , Maksimović Milka
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the synthesis, characterisation, and bioactivity evaluation of four imines derived from the condensation of 4-aminoantipyrine with different phenolic aldehydes: 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. These compounds were synthesised to explore their potential in various biological activities, including antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory, and antibacterial activities. Characterisation of these imines by IR, 1H and 13C NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and elemental analysis confirmed their proposed structures. The antioxidant activity of the synthesised compounds was assessed using five different methods, with the imine derived from 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde displaying the highest antioxidant activity, attributed to its catechol arrangement of phenolic groups. Additionally, the AChE-inhibitory activity of these compounds was investigated, revealing that the degree of hydroxylation and the introduction of a methoxy group significantly influenced their inhibitory efficacy. Molecular docking studies highlighted the main interactions between the imines and AChE, identifying the most energetically favourable binding sites. Antibacterial testing against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli indicated that all compounds exhibited broad antibacterial activities. This comprehensive analysis demonstrates the significant potential of these synthesised imines as bioactive molecules, offering insights into how structural modifications can enhance their biological functions.
Hydrogenases – Types, Sources, Properties, and the Potential for Their Application
Authors: Marić Ana-Katarina , Radan Anđela , Milčić Nevena , Sudar Martina , Findrik Blažević Zvjezdana
Published: January 2025

Hydrogenases are a group of versatile metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible transformation between hydrogen gas and its constituent protons and electrons. These enzymes have gained attention more recently due to their ability to use molecular hydrogen as a substrate in the reactions they catalyse, as well as their potential to synthesise hydrogen, an important biofuel. Although the existence of hydrogenases has been known since the 1930s, current research has not yet made them viable on the industrial scale. They are explored mostly from the biochemical point of view, which is very important, but there is a lack of research on how to adapt these enzymes for real industrial-scale processes. Only a few studies address this gap. Therefore, in this brief literature review, we provide an overview of what is known about hydrogenases. We explore their background, classification, and phylogeny, highlighting their presence in many different sources in nature, such as bacteria, archaea, and certain eukaryotes. We also discuss key factors influencing their activity, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, we summarise the methods available for determining their activity and emphasise the need for standardised units to ensure comparability of all data available in the literature. Finally, we discuss their potential applications, particularly in hydrogen production and synthetic reaction pathways for coenzyme regeneration, emphasizing the critical importance of these aspects in the investigation of hydrogenases.
Aditivna proizvodnja u kemijskom inženjerstvu. Prvi dio: procesi za polimere
Authors: Vrsaljko Domagoj , Marković Marijan-Pere , Cingesar Ivan Karlo , Car Filip
Published: January 2025

Aditivna proizvodnja, obično poznata kao 3D-ispis, skup je procesa koji stvara objekte dodavanjem materijala izravno iz digitalnih modela. Aditivnom proizvodnjom moguće je izraditi dijelove dodavanjem materijala točno tamo gdje je materijal potreban, smanjujući na taj način otpad i omogućavajući izradu predmeta složene geometrije koju je teško ili nemoguće postići konvencionalnim tehnikama. Primjena aditivne proizvodnje je i u kemijskom inženjerstvu sve važnija, a veže se uz četiri područja djelovanja: za krajnju upotrebu aditivno proizvedenih objekata; za proizvodnju farmaceutskih proizvoda; za razvoj novih materijala i za implementaciju 3D-pisača u Industriju 4.0. U ovome radu dan je pregled procesa aditivne proizvodnje koji se primjenjuju za proizvodnju polimernih proizvoda te njihova primjena u kemijskom inženjerstvu. Tehnologije poput višemlazne fuzije (MJF), stereolitografije (SLA) i digitalne obrade svjetlom (DLP) otvaraju nove mogućnosti za preciznu i održivu proizvodnju, dok jednostavniji postupci poput proizvodnje rastaljenim filamentom (FFF) osiguravaju široku pristupačnost. S daljnjim razvojem, aditivna proizvodnja će nastaviti igrati ključnu ulogu u transformaciji industrijskih praksi, osobito u kontekstu Industrije 4.0.
Balancing the equation: Reflections on masculinities, femininities and gender hegemony in Spanish Proverbs
Authors: Adokarley Lomotey Benedicta
Published: January 2025

Proverbs remain an excellent channel for the propagation of gender stereotypes in that they are considered as age-old truths, making it easy for them to evoke a certain form of social normality through discourse. Whereas sexism in proverbs has been widely studied from the perspective of women, the same cannot be said for research on how masculinities promote gender discrimination. The current study seeks to critique androcentrism in proverbs by finding the connection between old arguments and new debates from the perspective of gendered social expectations regarding men. It investigates the sustenance of gender bias within the Spanish context using insights from Connell’s (1995) theory of masculinities and Discourse Analysis. By so doing I aim to address concerns of female subordination as well as challenges males face in contemporary times. The analysis of proverbs shows how societal expectations of masculinities and femininities work in tandem in sustaining the gender order.
Pixel matching technique used for restoration of Mediterranean historical buildings
Authors: Ghoussayni Fouad , Ali Amer , Bayyati Ali , Aygun Haydar
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to address the discovery of an architectural application using metric/pixel technique for re-establishing a profound restoration language within pre-contemporary constructed environment. We also aim to uncover the forgotten bridge of any visual gap in Mediterranean built environment by introducing a comprehensive and innovative approach of re-understanding such Mediterranean’s historic structures. The methodology involves analysing the statical arrangement of building blocks within the Mediterranean building. This work reflects out major reoccurrences of old Ottoman architectural code and the commonness that modular dimension as a means of gaining confidence in any future architectural applicability. The objective of this paper lies in the precise distinguish between the human and non-human factors of the core relationships between any of two elements of a preserved structure and derive the most truthful code of remedy that values the profound historical establishment reflected by the pixel nature of dimensional patterns. To substantiate the difference between human and non-human entities, it is clear that the persistent uncertainty surrounding the actual builder of Mediterranean destroyed historical buildings, coupled with the authors’ effort to develop the appropriate restoration pixel terminology while presenting below methodical assumptions, will be robustly supported by clear definition for each found factor.
Industrial Production vs. Goods GDP: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Authors: Tito Maria D.
Published: January 2025

Since the early 2000s, there has been a growing divergence between the index of industrial production (IP) and the goods component of GDP—hereafter, goods GDP—breaking the close correlation the two series had maintained in earlier decades (figure 1). This note revisits the factors behind this divergence and provides a novel quantification of their role.
General and Specific Problems of the Formation of Intellectual Operations in Younger Schoolchildren with Learning Difficulties
Authors: Andriashina A.I. , Tishina L.A.
Published: January 2025

The modern system of inclusive education implies equal access to knowledge for all categories of children. Psychological and pedagogical studies show that there is a heterogeneity in the composition of students in terms of the level of mastering academic skills both within the classroom and among students of individual nosological groups. With the similarity of the symptoms of the manifestation of writing disorders in younger schoolchildren, the state of cognitive functions may be different. Understanding these general and specific features is necessary to organize a personalized approach to correction and education of children with impaired development, which determines the relevance of the study. The article presents the results of a research conducted to identify general and specific patterns of intellectual operations formations in younger schoolchildren who have writing disorders. The sample consisted of 3rd grade students with severe speech disorders and mental retardation enrolled in adapted basic education programs. In the structure of the speech therapy conclusion, all children had a violation of writing on the basis of the lack of formation of language analysis and synthesis operations. As a diagnostic technique for studying the specifics of the formation of basic intellectual operations on nonverbal and verbal material, the method “Classification of objects” was selected and adapted. The results allowed us to conclude about qualitative differences in the formation of thinking components in case of writing disorders of a primary and secondary nature.
Psychological Health and Spiritual and Moral Values of Young People of Conscription age in the Context of the Destructive Information and Psychological Influence
Authors: Serykh A.B. , Buksha L.F. , Osipova E.V. , Nazarskaya E.N.
Published: January 2025

The work is aimed at studying the psychological health and spiritual and moral values of young people of conscription age in the context of the destructive information and psychological influence. The results of an empirical study conducted in 2024 on the territory of 4 regions of the Russian Federation are presented: Arkhangelsk, Kaliningrad, Leningrad and Murmansk regions. The total number of respondents was 1,050 young people of draft age aged 16 to 20 years. The following were used in the study: the author's questionnaire “Information and psychological impact”; the questionnaire “Motivational structure of information activity”; the questionnaire “Spiritual personality”; the methodology “Individual model of psychological health”. The obtained results allow us to say that, on average, young people of conscription age often encounter content in the Internet space that has a destructive informational and psychological impact, while they have a fairly high degree of trust in this content. It is noted that young people exposed to destructive information may experience social isolation, mistrust and aggression, which prevents them from forming healthy social connections, leads to a decrease in psychological health and has a destructive effect on internal values and spiritual and moral guidelines. In such conditions, a more pessimistic perception of the world is formed, which undermines the basic principles of spirituality and morality, in particular, such as sincerity, politeness and the pursuit of truth.
Principios de medicina clínica para vuelos espaciales: el estudio de los gemelos de la nasa y más evidencias
Authors: Saavedra Torres Jhan
Published: January 2025

Background: A vision of space medicine as applied to deep space travel is challenging. As space missions increase in duration in space and extend beyond Earth's orbit, the risks involved in working in these extreme and isolated conditions will also increase. The effects suffered by astronauts in space can be related to two variables: radiation and microgravity. The health hazards range from increased exposure to radiation, decreased body mass, telomere lengthening, genome instability, carotid artery distension, increased intima-media thickness, and changes in the skin microbiome. If an astronaut overcomes a flight in microgravity for 3 to 6 months, he will develop physiological adaptations that lead to orthostatic intolerance. All of the above is necessary to interpret and recognize that zero gravity and a prolonged trip can cause problems in the body of an astronaut yet to be identified.
Objective: To demonstrate the conditions of astronauts in low orbit described by scientific studies in aerospace medicine.
Methods: A literature review was performed, and 58 articles were found from NASA, Pubmed, and Nature Reviews databases. The open-access Mendeley program was used to manage and organize information.
Curso de formação continuada para professores do Ensino Fundamental: estratégias e métodos de aprendizagem ativa de Matemática
Authors: Marques Senair Antunes , Sauer Laurete Zanol
Published: January 2025

Na busca contínua de melhoria da qualidade de ensino e da valorização do profissional docente, a formação continuada tem assumido um papel de extrema importância. Ela é compreendida como um processo permanente de aperfeiçoamento dos conhecimentos relativos à prática pedagógica e profissional, realizado depois da formação inicial, com a finalidade de assegurar um ensino com mais qualidade aos discentes. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um Curso de Formação Continuada para professores que atuam no Ensino Fundamental, utilizando estratégias e métodos de aprendizagem ativa, com conteúdos relacionados ao componente curricular Matemática. O artigo retrata a construção da proposta aplicada aos docentes durante os cinco encontros de formação, contemplando uma sugestão de planejamento que já foi executado, assim oferecendo um recurso didático a professores, equipes pedagógicas e estudantes de licenciaturas, que possa auxiliá-los a desenvolver na Educação Básica, ambientes de aprendizagem ativa, visando a melhoria da qualidade do ensino e da aprendizagem, com a utilização de práticas pedagógicas que impulsionem o fazer docente.
Statistical analysis of work-life balance and job satisfaction: an empirical study of female employees in the cigarette industry
Authors: Islamiah Rizka Lia , Faruq Faruq
Published: January 2025

The concept of work-life balance has become increasingly popular in recent years. The demands of dedicating oneself to work, managing household responsibilities, and fulfilling non-work obligations have led many modern workers to adopt work-life balance strategies to harmonize their professional and personal lives. This study aims to analyze the effect of work-life balance on job satisfaction among female employees at Pitoe Cigarette Factory, Trenggalek. The research employed a simple linear regression analysis method, using data collected from questionnaires completed by 95 female employees as samples. The results of the simple linear regression test indicated a positive relationship between work-life balance and job satisfaction, with a p-value of 0.000, which is less than the significance threshold of 0.05. This finding demonstrates that improved work-life balance can contribute to increased job satisfaction among female employees. The coefficient of determination (R²) was found to be 0.413, indicating that 41.3% of the variation in job satisfaction is explained by work-life balance. Furthermore, the study revealed that both work-life balance and job satisfaction levels were categorized as moderate, suggesting the need for greater attention to managing the balance between work and personal life. These findings are expected to provide insights for Pitoe Cigarette Factory management and other companies in designing policies that support work-life balance, ultimately enhancing job satisfaction and productivity among female employees.
Potrzeby osób doświadczających bezdomności w województwie łódzkim
Authors: Wygnańska Julia , Kostrzyńska Małgorzata
Published: January 2025

Przedstawiony w raporcie opis potrzeb osób doświadczających bezdomności opiera się na solidnej i rzetelnej analizie empirycznej (…). Na uwagę zasługuje również fakt, iż autorki raportu, stosując partycypacyjne podejście do badań, traktują uczestników jako „ekspertów przez doświadczenie”. Dzięki temu podejściu badani wnieśli cenne spojrzenie na temat systemu wsparcia, co podkreśla ich rolę nie tylko jako partnerów, ale również ekspertów w kontekście własnych życiowych sytuacji. Takie podejście wzmacnia również poczucie sprawczości uczestników badania (…). Obraz, który wyłonił się z badań, zmienia nie tylko teoretyczne podejście, ale także praktykę wsparcia społecznego dla osób doświadczających bezdomności w Polsce (…). Mocną stroną raportu jest także określenie rekomendacji na podstawie bogatego materiału empirycznego. Raport jest rzetelną, dobrze skonstruowaną publikacją, która wnosi istotny wkład do literatury przedmiotu, szczególnie w zakresie pedagogii społecznej oraz pracy socjalnej.
Z recenzji dr hab. Małgorzaty Ciczkowskiej-Giedziun, prof. UWM
Publikacja w ramach projektu pn.: „Działanie FELD.10.01 Pomoc Techniczna EFRR na rok 2024” współfinansowanego przez Unię Europejską ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Rozwoju Regionalnego w ramach programu regionalnego Fundusze Europejskie dla Łódzkiego 2021–2027.
Fazer e desfazer
Authors: Carboni Maria Cecilia Conte
Published: January 2025

Dulce Carneiro foi uma fotógrafa brasileira que iniciou sua carreira domesticamente e se profissionalizou na década de 1950. Passou a desenvolver suas fotografias na publicidade, na arquitetura e retratos. No final dos anos 90, Dulce se despede da fotografia e da cidade de São Paulo. Mais do que isso, destrói todo o acervo referente ao seu trabalho fotográfico e nunca mais fotografou. Sem o desejo de recuperar sua obra e respeitando sua ação ativa e radical, esse artigo, tem a intenção de reconhecer sua trajetória sem esquecer seu ato mais política e ruidoso, o da destruição de seu trabalho como um discurso de valorização/esquecimento.
Adopting Sustainability Competencies in Management Education - A Scoping Review of Progress
Authors: MacNeil Patricia , Khare Anshuman
Published: January 2025

There is growing urgency to address society’s complex issues, many of which are incorporated within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Higher education has a special role and a responsibility to support and promote these goals and to prepare students for the complex challenges they will face as future leaders. The SDG framework helps students understand SDGs, but special competencies are necessary to address them effectively. Sustainability competencies (SCs) impart the personal/emotional development missing from current programming, but higher education institutions (HEIs) have been reluctant to introduce them into the curricula. Meanwhile, graduating students are ill-prepared for the complex problems, like sustainability, they will face as new managers and leaders. We employed a Scoping Review (SR) to scope out the relevant literature and determine whether consensus could be found among scholars for a credible model for SCs that could kickstart the integration process. Contrary to a commonly expressed theme in the literature, the results revealed that scholarly opinion had converged around a framework proposed by Wiek et al. (2011) and the 2021 update. A thematic analysis identified key barriers preventing integration in HEIs, including the absence of a comprehensive policy to direct the implementation and sustain the change. We discuss these barriers and how they may be addressed. Integrating SCs into ME responds to SDG-4 (quality education) and yields far-reaching impacts. The study serves to increase awareness of the issues and barriers preventing much needed transformation of ME in HEIs and to stimulate discussion and potential action. Further research may involve a systematic review to inform policy and implementation.
A Metric for the Entropic Purpose of a System
Authors: Parker Michael C. , Jeynes Chris , Walker Stuart D.
Published: January 2025

Purpose in systems is considered to be beyond the purview of science, since it is thought to be intrinsically personal. However, just as Claude Shannon was able to define an impersonal measure of information, so we formally define the (impersonal) ‘entropic purpose’ of an information system (using the theoretical apparatus of Quantitative Geometrical Thermodynamics) as the line integral of an entropic “purposive” Lagrangian defined in hyperbolic space across the complex temporal plane. We verify that this Lagrangian is well-formed: it has the appropriate variational (Euler-Lagrange) behaviour. We also discuss the teleological characteristics of such variational behaviour (featuring both thermodynamically reversible and irreversible temporal measures), so that a “Principle of Least (entropic) Purpose” can be adduced for any information-producing system. We show that entropic purpose is (approximately) identified with the information created by the system: an empirically measurable quantity. Exploiting the relationship between the entropy production of a system and its energy Hamiltonian, we also show how Landauer’s principle also applies to the creation of information; any purposive system that creates information will also dissipate energy. Finally, we discuss how ‘entropic purpose’ might be applied in artificial intelligence contexts (where degrees of system ‘aliveness’ need to be assessed), and in cybersecurity (where this metric for ‘entropic purpose’ might be exploited to help distinguish between people and bots).
Fitting Copulas with Maximal Entropy
Authors: Bubák Milan , Navara Mirko
Published: January 2025

We deal with two-dimensional copulas from the perspective of their entropy. We formulate a problem of finding a copula with maximum entropy when some values of the copula are given. As expected, the solution is a copula with a piecewise constant density (a checkerboard copula). This allows to simplify the optimisation of the continuous objective function, entropy, to optimisation of finitely many density values. We present several ideas simplifying this problem. It has a feasible numerical solution. We present several instances which admit also closed-form solutions.
Health Care Facility Characteristics Associated With Providing Telehealth HIV Care Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Valverde Eduardo E. , Beer Linda , Pepin Dawn , Crim Stacy , Weiser John
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To describe provision of HIV telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Medical Monitoring Project Facility Survey for the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States initiative, which aims to achieve an at least 90% reduction in new HIV infections by 2030 and highlights telehealth as an important strategy.

Methods. During 2021, we surveyed 1023 facilities providing HIV care to a nationally representative sample of US adults with diagnosed HIV, of which 45% responded. We calculated weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals comparing the characteristics of facilities providing telehealth services.

Results. Overall, 83.4% of facilities provided HIV care telehealth services by the facility’s own providers (82.0%) or by outside providers through remote conferencing (27.0%). Gaps in coverage were identified in smaller facilities and in facilities in rural and primary care health professional shortage areas.

Conclusions. Although most HIV care facilities provided telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic, gaps were identified, which must be addressed to meet Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States goals and better prepare for future health emergencies. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(3):349–353. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307908 )
Cronourbanismo y ciudades medianas: análisis SIG de los desplazamientos peatonales en Cáceres (España)
Authors: Cáceres-Merino José , Nieto Masot Ana , Gutiérrez Gallego José Antonio
Published: January 2025

En los últimos años se ha adoptado el concepto de la Ciudad de los 15 Minutos como medio para lograr entornos urbanos más sostenibles. A pesar de que las ciudades medias se han desarrollado históricamente sobre el concepto de proximidad, actualmente presentan mayores dificultades para la movilidad sostenible. Este estudio analiza el paradigma de Cáceres (Extremadura, España) desde la perspectiva del cronourbanismo y la accesibilidad peatonal a diversos servicios por medio del análisis SIG de la red peatonal. La metodología empleada permite conocer el porcentaje de población servida por cuatro funciones urbanas propuestas: salud y cuidados, educación y cultura, espacios públicos y movilidad sostenible. Los resultados muestran un reparto desigual de estas características con un eje radial centro sur - periferia, y un centro urbano con menor diversidad en sus tejidos más densos e históricos.