bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case report of brain abscess caused by Streptococcus intermedius secondary to sinusitis in 16-year-old adolescents
Authors: Iacono Alessandra , Addeo Agnese Maria , Ferré Cristina , Gallo Paola , Bertelli Sara , Sprocati Monica , Borgatti Luca , Maggiore Giuseppe
Published: October 2020

Background:

A brain abscess is a rare but serious complication of sinusitis. It mostly involves adolescents and more specifically those of the male sex. A cerebral abscess is characterized by a heterogeneous clinical picture. The pathogenic organism mostly involved belongs to the Streptococcus milleri group. The diagnosis process is based on imaging. Treatment is based on an antibiotic therapy for 4-8 weeks which can be followed by surgery. Long-term sequelae occur in 40% of the cases, and mortality is about 10%.

Case Presentation:

This paper reports the clinical case of a 16-year-old boy affected by a sinusitis-induced brain abscess. The worsening of the clinical picture and of the neuroimaging, despite antibiotic therapy, made a surgical intervention necessary. An intravenous antibiotic therapy was administered for 2 weeks followed by oral antibiotics. Despite this, the condition of the patient was worsening, and he had to be treated again with intravenous antibiotic therapy for 4 weeks. This therapeutic choice had a positive outcome and the boy was declared healed.

Conclusion:

Sinusitis is an infection that can be complicated by brain abscess in 6%-8% of cases. Large-sized cerebral abscesses accompanied by neurological symptoms require prompt surgical treatment and a targeted antimicrobial therapy to reduce hospitalization and to speed up the healing process.
Komunikasi Antarpribadi Ibu dan Anak dalam Membangun Rasa Percaya Diri
Authors: Cecil Sarah , Tamburian H.H. Daniel
Published: October 2020

Communication is the most important thing in life. Communication is an interaction between one person and one or more people. This study will focus on interpersonal communication that occurs between mother and child in building self-confidence. The character of a child is determined by a mother, because of the closeness of a mother while at home. Child time with mother at home is much more than father. Therefore, the nature of a child is completely passed on by the mother. A mother's love and concern greatly affect a child's self-confidence. The mother communicates with her child so that the child feels happy and comfortable. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques by means of semi-structured interviews with mothers and children who are high school students. This research shows that the closeness between the child and the mother is not determined by gender. Mothers have a crucial role in making children appear confident. You do this by reminding children to be themselves, supporting children's hobbies, inviting intensive communication, reprimanding without violence, and creating a comfortable atmosphere at home.Komunikasi merupakan hal yang terpenting dalam kehidupan. Komunikasi merupakan interaksi antara satu orang dengan satu orang atau lebih. Penelitian ini akan memfokuskan pada komunikasi antarpribadi yang terjadi antara ibu dengan anak dalam membangun rasa percaya diri. Karakter seorang anak ditentukan oleh seorang ibu, karena adanya kedekatan seorang ibu selama berada di rumah. Waktu anak dengan ibu di rumah jauh lebih banyak daripada seorang ayah. Oleh karena itu, sifat seorang anak sepenuhnya diturunkan oleh ibu. Kasih sayang dan rasa perhatian seorang ibu sangat mempengaruhi rasa percaya diri anak. Ibu  berkomunikasi pada anaknya agar anak merasa senang dan nyaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara semiterstruktur pada ibu dan anak yang merupakan siswa SMA. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, kedekatan antara anak dan ibu tidak ditentukan oleh jenis kelamin. Ibu memiliki peran krusial dalam membuat anak tampil percaya diri. Caranya dengan mengingatkan anak untuk menjadi diri sendiri, mendukung hobi anak, mengajak berkomunikasi secara intensif, menegur tanpa kekerasan, serta menciptakan suasana yang nyaman di rumah.
Adaptif Poly Frame PRMA pada Jaringan M2M Kognitif Kapiler
Authors: Arifianto Eko , Sofwan Aghus , Prakoso Teguh
Published: October 2020

Komunikasi mesin ke mesin (M2M) pada jaringan kapiler, menggunakan metode transmisi Packet Reservation Multiple Access (PRMA), dan struktur frame data frame biasa, serta skenario komunikasi event driven. Seiring dengan pertambahan perangkat, metode, struktur frame dan skenario komunikasi tersebut tidak dapat menangani laju data yang sangat banyak, sehingga terjadi kemacetan yang memperlambat komunikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat komunikasi M2M yang lancar walaupun perangkat bertambah banyak, dengan membuat struktur frame baru dan skenario komunikasi baru, berupa Adaptive Poly Frame (APF) serta Scheduler Update (SU). APF dan SU dirancang dengan memberikan nomor urut serta prioritas pada data, yang kemudian dioptimasi dengan meningkatkan peluang persaingan MK (O), jumlah siklus huni slot (B), jumlah siklus huni kanal (S), dan Transmisi Sukses PRMA (TSPRMA). Penelitian ini menghasilkan transmisi sukses 92-28%, optimasi transmisi sukses 93-30%, siklus transmisi 1,5-8,1% dan reduksi siklus transmisi 0,9-7,2%.AbstractMachine to machine (M2M) communication in capillary networks, using the Packet Reservation Multiple Access (PRMA) transmission method, and ordinary frame data frame structures, as well as event driven communication scenarios. Along with the addition of devices, methods, frame structures and communication scenarios cannot handle very large data rates, resulting congestion that results in inefficient communication. This research aims to make M2M communication efficient even though the device is multiplying, by creating new frame structures and new communication scenarios, in the form of Adaptive Poly Frame (APF) and Scheduler Update (SU). APF and SU are designed by sequence number and prioritizing data, which is then optimized by increase the chance of MK contestation (O), the number of slot occupancy cycles (B), the number of canal occupancy cycles (S) and PRMA Success Transmission (TSPRMA). This research resulted in 92-28% successful transmission, 93-30% successful transmission optimization, 1.5-8.1% transmission cycle and 0.9-7.2% transmission cycle reduction
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Konstruktivistik Model Teaching with Analogies (TWA) pada Mata Kuliah Database Management System (DBMS) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Mahasiwa
Authors: Fathirma'ruf Fathirma'ruf , M. Said Budiman
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran kontruktivis model Teaching With Analogies (TWA)untuk melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Database Management System (DBMS). Pengembangan mengacu pada model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Sasaran penelitian ini yaitu dihasilkannya perangkat pembelajaran yang kemudian diimplementasikan pada 15 orang mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi STKIP Yapis Dompu. Data diujicobakan dengan desain penelitian One-Group Pre test-Posttest Design. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan hasil: Validitas perangkat berkategori valid (3,3); Kepraktisan perangkat yang meliputi: keterlaksanaan pembelajaran yang baik (3,3); respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran model Teaching With Analogies (TWA) positif (79%); Keefektifanperangkat pembelajaran dibuktikan dari hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa pada kriteria kreatif (76%); Simpulan penelitian ini adalah perangkat pembelajaran kontruktivistik model Teaching With Analogies (TWA) layak untuk melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa. AbstractThe purpose of this research was to develop constructivistic learning tool of the Teaching With Analogies (TWA) model to upgrade students' creative thinking skill in the Database Management System (DBMS) subject. The development refers to the 4D model (Four D) encompasses Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The target of this research was the production of learning tool which implemented in 15 students of the Information Technology Education Study Program of STKIP Yapis Dompu. The data was tested by using a one-group pretest and posttest research design. The data was tested using a One-Group Pre-Test-Post Test Design research design. The data in this research was analyzed by using descriptive qualitative. The result of the device validity was valid (3,3); the practicality of the device included: the implementation of the best learning (3,3); student university responses on learning the TWA model was positive (79%); The effectiveness of learning tools was evidenced by the results tested of students' university creative thinking ability was on creative criteria (76%); The conclusion of this research was the constructivist learning tool TWA model was appropriate for upgrade students' creative thinking skill.
Analisis Kinerja Algoritme TCP Congestion Control Berdasarkan Single dan Multiple Flow pada Multi-Path Routing
Authors: Sutawijaya Bayu , Basuki Achmad , Bachtiar Fitra Abdurrachman
Published: October 2020

Teknik multi-path routing merupakan solusi efektif untuk menambah kapasitas bandwidth jaringan. Namun, TCP menggunakan multiple paths sama dengan di single path. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis kinerja algoritme TCP congestion control Reno, BIC, CUBIC, dan BBR pada multi-path routing dengan setiap multiple paths menggunakan cost yang sama. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi perbandingan antara single path routing dengan multi-path routing, single flow, dan multiple flow. Analisis single flow meliputi link delay dan loss rate. Sedangkan analisis multiple flow meliputi inter TCP protocol fairness dan fairness antara TCP dengan UDP. Semua evaluasi dilakukan berdasarkan emulasi pada VirtualBox. Berdasarkan hasil emulasi, multi-path routing dapat berdampak pada packet reordering, tetapi tidak mengakibatkan penurunan rata-rata throughput yang signifikan. Pada single flow, BBR merupakan algoritme TCP congestion control terbaik pada multi-path routing. Namun, pada multiple flow, CUBIC merupakan algoritme TCP congestion control terbaik pada multi-path routing. Pada evaluasi link delay, rata-rata RTT BBR lebih rendah hingga 58 ms dibandingkan dengan Reno, BIC, dan CUBIC. Sedangkan pada evaluasi loss rate, rata-rata throughput BBR lebih tinggi hingga 12 Mbps dibandingkan dengan Reno, BIC, dan CUBIC. Pada evaluasi inter TCP protocol fairness dan fairness antara TCP dengan UDP, fairness CUBIC paling mendekati 1 dibandingkan dengan Reno, BIC, dan BBR. AbstractThe multi-path routing technique is an effective solution to increase network bandwidth capacity. However, TCP uses multiple paths similar to a single path. This study analyzes the performance of TCP congestion control algorithms Reno, BIC, CUBIC, and BBR on multi-path routing with each multiple paths using the same cost. The analysis includes a comparison between single path routing and multi-path routing, single flow, and multiple flows. In a single flow, the analysis includes link delay and loss rate. Whereas in multiple flows, the analysis includes inter TCP protocol fairness and fairness between TCP and UDP. All evaluations are based on emulation in VirtualBox. Based on the results from emulation, multi-path routing can have an impact on packet reordering but does not result in a significant degrade in average throughput. In a single flow, BBR is the best TCP congestion control algorithm on multi-path routing. However, in multiple flows, CUBIC is the best TCP congestion control algorithm on multi-path routing. In the link delay evaluations, the average RTT on BBR up to 58 ms lower than Reno, BIC, and CUBIC. Whereas in the loss rate evaluations, the average throughput on BBR up to 12 Mbps higher than Reno, BIC, and CUBIC. In the evaluation of inter TCP protocol fairness and fairness between TCP and UDP, fairness on CUBIC is closest to 1 than Reno, BIC, and BBR.
Deskripsi Kemampuan Berpikir Logis dan Pemahaman Konsep Sistem Hormon pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Sopian Herman
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to obtain information about logical thinking ability and understanding of the concept of students on the hormonal system material. This study was conducted in class XI in one of the high schools in the Serang city. The method used is descriptive quantitative. This quantitative descriptive method to describe, explain and interpret the logical thinking ability and understanding of students on the hormonal system concept by using instruments such as diagnostic tests and about the three-tier test and test of logical thinking (TOLT). The sampling technique is done by cluster random sampling as many as 33 students. Based on the results obtained TOLT that categorized either proportional reasoning, reasoning control variable and low category correlational reasoning, and reasoning probability and combinatorial reasoning sufficient category. Based on the three-tier test results showed that students had difficulty understanding especially on subconcepts hormone function as well as differences in the hormone system and nervous system�
Hubungan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Dengan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Annisa Lathifah , Oktaviana Chestalita , Habibi Abdul Aziz
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan hasil belajar pada sub konsep psikotropika di salah satu SMA Negeri Kota Tasikmalaya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasi. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu kelas XII MIA 1 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 36 siswa dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini berupa tes, tes yang digunakan berupa tes essay dengan jumlah soal sebanyak 14 soal untuk mengetahui berpikir kritis dan tes pilihan ganda (multiple choice) dengan jumlah soal 27 untuk melihat hasil belajar siswa. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan uji korelasi dan uji regresi linier sederhana. Pada penelitian ini terdapat korelasi yang positif antara berpikir kritis dengan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,364 < 0,05 dan juga ditemukan nilai f hitung sebesar 0,847 dan signifikasi sebesar 0,364 > 0.05 dapat disimpulkan bahwa berpikir kritis mempengaruhi hasil belajar peserta didik pada sub konsep psikotropika sebesar 24 %.
Efficient workflow for optimizing intelligent well completion using production parameters in real-time
Authors: da Cruz Schaefer Bruno , Sampaio Marcio Augusto
Published: October 2020

Intelligent Well Completion (IWC) has been successfully deployed over the years to improve reservoir management, with better results in heterogeneous reservoirs. This work proposes an efficient workflow to identify well candidates for Inflow Control Valves (ICV) application and production optimization using parameters in real time. The methodology searches for potential reservoir layer grouping in the producer well, in order to control zonal flow, without expending too much computational time in valve positioning. ICV control strategy uses real-time production guide rates generated by the simulator, reducing optimization parameters. The proposed workflow is applied to a synthetic reservoir model, with properties similar to the Brazilian pre-salt area. This novelty strategy for ICV modelling and control presented a significant reduction in optimization parameters. Results show that Net Present Value (NPV) – and IWC economic gain – are highly dependent on the economic scenario. Nevertheless, the methodology has potential for application in more complex simulations, with greater number of wells or optimization parameters, like multi-position or continuously variable position ICV.
5-aminolevulinic acid-guided surgery for focal pediatric brainstem gliomas: A preliminary study
Authors: Labuschagne Jason
Published: October 2020

Background:

There is a growing body of literature supporting the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in the pediatric population, however, its use is still considered “off label” in this setting. In this retrospective study, we report our experience using 5-ALA in pediatric patients with focal brainstem gliomas (BSGs).

Methods:

Patients younger than 16 years presenting with a newly diagnosed BSG that was focal in nature were considered suitable for treatment with 5-ALA-assisted surgery. Exclusion criteria included MRI features suggestive of a diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. A single dose of 5-ALA was administered preoperatively. Intraoperative fluorescence was recorded as “solid,” “vague,” or “none.” The effectiveness of the fluorescence was graded as “helpful” or “unhelpful.”

Results:

Eight patients underwent 5-ALA-assisted surgery. There were four tumors located in the pons, two midbrain tumors, and two cervicomedullary tumors. Histological analysis demonstrated three diffuse astrocytomas, three pilocytic astrocytomas, and two anaplastic astrocytomas. Solid fluorescence was found in three of the eight cases, vague fluorescence was found in two cases, and no fluorescence was found in three cases. Fluorescence was useful in 3 (37%) cases. No patients experienced any complications attributable to the administration of the 5-ALA.

Conclusion:

With a total fluorescence rate of 62.5% but a subjectively assessed “usefulness” rate of only 37.5%, the role of 5-ALA in BSG surgery is limited. Given the toxicological safety, however, of the agent, caution is perhaps needed before dismissing the use of 5-ALA entirely.
The relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor and histological grade in intracranial meningioma
Authors: Winter Rafael Contage , Antunes Apio Claudio Martins , Oliveira Francine Hehn de
Published: October 2020

Background:

Meningioma is the most common benign intracranial neoplasm, accounting for 30% of all primary brain tumors. In 90% of cases, meningiomas are benign. Several aspects of molecular biology, including potential biomarkers, have been studied in attempts to better understand the natural history of meningiomas. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a biomarker responsible for inducing physiological and pathological angiogenesis. VEGF expression has been investigated as a potential predictor of several tumor aspects, including growth rate, recurrence rate, brain tissue invasion, peritumoral edema and surgical prognosis, and also as a marker of histological grade. However, there is no consensus in the literature with respect to the association between this biological factor and meningioma. We digitally analyzed immunohistochemical images using ImageJ software with the aim of correlating VEGF expression with tumor histology.

Methods:

Tissue samples from patients presenting with meningioma who had undergone surgical removal between 2007 and 2016 at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), in Southern Brazil, were analyzed to identify possible immunohistochemical associations between VEGF and histological grade and subtype.

Results:

Seventy-six patients were included; 82% were female, mean age was 59.9 years (range: 18–91). No statistically significant associations were found between VEGF expression and histological grade or subtype (P = 0.310).

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that VEGF is frequently present in meningiomas regardless of histological grade and should not be used as a marker of severity or histological grade.
Der wahre Campus
Authors: Georgi Max , Winter Tobias
Published: October 2020

Im Zuge der Erweiterung des Campus der Technischen Hochschule Dresden in den 1950er Jahren wurden auch südlich des Zelleschen Wegs neue Gebäude für die Lehre und Forschung errichtet. Eine zentrale Grünfläche, im Norden und Süden durch kammartige Gebäudekomplexe begrenzt, wurde stirnseitig durch ein Hörsaalgebäude, den heutigen Trefftz-Bau, abgeschlossen. Die Gestaltung der dortigen Außenanlagen oblag dem von 1952 bis 1968 in Dresden als Professor für Landschaftsarchitektur tätigen Werner Bauch (1912–1983), der in dieser Zeit weite Teile der Freiraumgestaltung des Campus schuf. Mit der dem Beitrag zugrundeliegenden studentischen Arbeit wurde das Ziel verfolgt, aus der Aufarbeitung der Geschichte der Außenanlagen und der anschließenden Analyse des Bestands Schlüsse für eine gartendenkmalpflegerische Zielstellung zu ziehen.
Photoinduced Charge Transfer Dynamics in Carotenoid-Porphyrin-C60 Triad via the Linearized Semiclassical Nonequilibrium Fermi's Golden Rule
Authors: Hu Zhubin , Tong Zhengqing , Cheung Margaret S. , Dunietz Barry D. , Geva Eitan , Sun Xiang
Published: October 2020

The nonequilibrium Fermi’s golden rule (NE-FGR) describes the time-dependent rate coefficient for electronic transitions, when the nuclear degrees of freedom start out in a nonequilibrium state. In this letter, the linearized semiclassical (LSC) approximation of the NE-FGR is used to calculate the photoinduced charge transfer rates in the carotenoid-porphyrin-C60 molecular triad dissolved in explicit tetrahydrofuran. The initial nonequilibrium state corresponds to impulsive photoexcitation from the equilibrated ground-state to the ππ* state, and the porphyrin-to-C60 and the carotenoid-to-C60 charge transfer rates are calculated. Our results show that accounting for the nonequilibrium nature of the initial state significantly enhances the transition rate of the porphyrin-to-C60 CT process. We also derive the instantaneous Marcus theory (IMT) from LSC NE-FGR, which casts the CT rate coefficients in terms of a Marcus-like expression, with explicitly time-dependent reorganization energy and reaction free energy. IMT is found to reproduce the CT rates in the system under consideration remarkably well.
Dose COVID-19 Uncovered a New Feature of Metronidazole Drug?Dose COVID-19 Uncover a New Feature of Metronidazole Drug?
Authors: Seyedhamzeh Mohammad , Farasati Far Bahareh , Shafiee Ardestani Mehdi , Javanshir Shahrzad , Aliabadi Fatemeh , Reyhanfard Hamed , Pazoki-Toroudi Hamidreza
Published: October 2020

Studies of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a current global health problem shown the initial plasma levels of most pro-inflammatory cytokines increased during the infection, which leads to patient countless complications. Previous studies also demonstrated that the metronidazole (MTZ) administration reduced related cytokines and improved treatment in patients. However, the effect of this drug on cytokines has not been determined. In the present study, the interaction of MTZ with cytokines was investigated using molecular docking as one of the principal methods in drug discovery and design. According to the obtained results, the IL12-metronidazole complex is more stable than other cytokines, and an increase in the surface and volume leads to prevent to bind to receptors. Moreover, ligand-based virtual screening of several libraries showed metronidazole phosphate, metronidazole benzoate, 1-[1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-5- nitroimidazol-2-yl]-N-methylmethanimine oxide, acyclovir, and tetrahydrobiopterin (THB or BH4) like MTZ by changing the surface and volume prevents binding IL-12 to the receptor. Finally, the inhibition of the active sites of IL-12 occurred by modifying the position of the methyl and hydroxyl functional groups in MTZ.
Method to Predict Reagents in Iridium-Based Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Juneau Antoine , Hope Taylor O. , Malenfant Jason , Mesko Mihai , Mcneill Jacob A. , Frenette Mathieu
Published: October 2020

Visible-light photoredox catalysts with oxidizing excited states have been broadly applied in organic synthesis. Following photon absorption by the photocatalyst, electron transfer from an organic reagent is the most common mechanistic outcome for this class of reaction. Reduction potentials for organic reagents are therefore useful to predict reactivity and DFT proved to be useful as a predictive tool in this regard. Due to the complex mechanisms that follow electron transfer, kinetics play a crucial role in the success of photoredox reactions. We extend the predictive tools of DFT to estimate the electron transfer rates between an excited photocatalyst and various organic substrates. To calibrate our model, 49 electron transfer rate constants were experimentally measured in acetonitrile for the catalyst Ir[dF(CF3)ppy]2(dtbpy)+. The rate constants, kq, gave a clear predictive trend when compared to calculated ionization energies in “frozen solvent”, which was a better predictor than standard reduction potentials in our case. The calculated kq gave an average error of 17% for log(kq) values between 4 and 11. This simple method can predict the reactivity of hundreds of reagents in silico. Notably, the calculations offered unexpected insight that we could translate into success for the C-H activation of acetylacetone as a proof-of-concept.
Reinterpreting π-Stacking
Authors: Carter-Fenk Kevin , Herbert John
Published: October 2020

The nature of pi-pi interactions has long been debated. The term "pi-stacking" is considered by some to be a misnomer, in part because overlapping pi-electron densities are thought to incur steric repulsion, and the physical origins of the widely-encountered "slip-stacked" motif have variously been attributed to either sterics or electrostatics, in competition with dispersion. Here, we use quantum-mechanical energy decomposition analysis to investigate pi-pi interactions in supramolecular complexes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ranging in size up to realistic models of graphene, and for comparison we perform the same analysis on stacked complexes of polycyclic saturated hydrocarbons, which are cyclohexane-based analogues of graphane. Our results help to explain the short-range structure of liquid hydrocarbons that is inferred from neutron scattering, trends in melting-point data, the interlayer separation of graphene sheets, and finally band gaps and observation of molecular plasmons in graphene nanoribbons. Analysis of intermolecular forces demonstrates that aromatic pi-pi interactions constitute a unique and fundamentally quantum-mechanical form of non-bonded interaction. Not only do stacked pi-pi architectures enhance dispersion, but quadrupolar electrostatic interactions that may be repulsive at long range are rendered attractive at the intermolecular distances that characterize pi-stacking, as a result of charge penetration effects. The planar geometries of aromatic sp2 carbon networks lead to attractive interactions that are "served up on a molecular pizza peel", and adoption of slip-stacked geometries minimizes steric (rather than electrostatic) repulsion. The slip-stacked motif therefore emerges not as a defect induced by electrostatic repulsion but rather as a natural outcome of a conformation landscape that is dominated by van der Waals interactions (dispersion plus Pauli repulsion), and is therefore fundamentally quantum-mechanical in its origins. This reinterpretation of the forces responsible for pi-stacking has important implications for the manner in which non-bonded interactions are modeled using classical force fields, and for rationalizing the prevalence of the slip-stacked pi-pi motif in protein crystal structures.
Ethanol Dosage in Hydro-Alcoholic Gels
Authors: Akhdar Ayman , Hersan Yael , gautier arnaud.
Published: October 2020

A method of determination of the ethanol content in hydro-alcoholics is reported. Based on quantitative 1HNMR (q1HNMR), the results are obtained rapidly and accurately. The method is available for viscous solutions to which other simpler technics do not apply.
In Silico Studies of the Biomolecular Interactions Between Natural Products and SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Authors: Puma-Zamora Wilmar , Jimenez Fabian , Alvarado-Huayhuaz Jesus Antonio , Cordova-Serrano Gerson , Allard Pierre-Marie , Prado Acosta Mariano , Olivos-Ramirez Gustavo E. , Condori-Alagón Héctor , Camps Ihosvany
Published: October 2020

The rapid global spread of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, has set off the alarms of healthcare systems all over the world, the situation is exacerbated as no effective treatment is available to date. One therapeutic strategy consists in stopping the replication of the virus by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 main protease, an important enzyme in the processing of polyproteins from viral RNA. Applying techniques like virtual screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, our study evaluated the biomolecular interactions generated between more than 200 thousand natural products structures collected from the Universal Natural Product Database and the main protease active site. Through successive docking filters, we identified 3 molecules with a good affinity profile for the enzyme. These were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations and their binding free energies were calculated. Structures of the best natural products identified could be a starting point for developing novel antiviral candidates targeting SARS-CoV-2 Mpro
Consistent Inclusion of Continuum Solvation in Energy Decomposition Analysis: Theory and Application to Molecular CO2 Reduction Catalysts
Authors: Mao Yuezhi , Loipersberger Matthias , Kron Kareesa , Derrick Jeffrey , Chang Christopher , Mallikarjun Sharada Shaama , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: October 2020

To facilitate computational investigation of intermolecular interactions in the solution phase, we report the development of ALMO-EDA(solv), a scheme that allows the application of continuum solvent models within the framework of energy decomposition analysis (EDA) based on absolutely localized molecular orbitals (ALMOs). In this scheme, all the quantum mechanical states involved in the variational EDA procedure are computed with the presence of solvent environment so that solvation effects are incorporated in the evaluation of all its energy components. After validation on several model complexes, we employ ALMO-EDA(solv) to investigate substituent effects on two classes of complexes that are related to electrochemical CO2 reduction catalysis. For [FeTPP(CO2−κC)]2− (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin), we reveal that two ortho substituents which yield most favorable CO2 binding, −N(CH3)3+ (TMA) and −OH, stabilize the complex via through-structure and through-space mechanisms, respectively. The Coulombic interaction between the positively charged TMA group and activated CO2 is found to be largely attenuated by the polar solvent. Furthermore, we also provide computational support for the design strategy of utilizing bulky, flexible ligands to stabilize activated CO2 via long-range Coulomb interactions, which creates biomimetic solvent-inaccessible “pockets” in that electrostatics is unscreened. For the reactant and product complexes associated with the electron transfer from the p-terphenyl radical anion to CO2 , we demonstrate that the double terminal substitution of p-terphenyl by electron-withdrawing groups considerably strengthens the binding in the product state while moderately weakens that in the reactant state, which are both dominated by the substituent tuning of the electrostatics component. These applications illustrate that this new extension of ALMO-EDA provides a valuable means to unravel the nature of intermolecular interactions and quantify their impacts on chemical reactivity in solution.
Clinicopathological study of renal tumours in surgically excised specimens
Authors: Pranita Warhate  , Jagtap S V  , Sujata Kanetkar
Published: October 2020

A study on Clinicopathological Study Of Renal Tumours In Surgically Excised Specimens was conducted for two years from June 2016 to May 2018. The study was on twenty-eight surgically excised specimens of renal tumours in the Department of Pathology of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences at Karad District in Satara, Maharastra, India. The observed results stood as 75% of Radical Nephrectomy, 17.85% of renal biopsies and partial Nephrectomy in 7.14% cases. The reading revealed 28.5% of cases, that is, a maximum number were found in their 6th decade of life. The rest of the cases, 21.42% were either septuagenarian or quadragenarian. The male preponderance was noted with Male: Female ratio 2.5:1. Out of 28 cases of renal tumours, 50% of cases had flank pain, 28.57% cases with flank pain associated with hematuria in A maximum number of instances had issues that were involving the left-sided kidney. The most common site for tumour involvement was upper pole comprising of 35.71% followed by the lower pole in 28.57% of cases. In a maximum number of instances, grossly the size of tumour ranged from 0-4 cm. Out of all malignant tumours, Renal Cell Carcinoma-RCC was the most common tumour comprising (75%). The majority (42.10%) of renal cell carcinomas were of Fuhrman nuclear grade II. Majority of cases (56.5%) were at TNM stage I. A detailed histopathology examination and routine H and E staining help - to diagnose accurately and to determine the various histological type, subtype. It also helps to evaluate other histopathological determinants. The clinical results shifts as per the histologic subtypes.
Formulation, characterization, evaluation and in vitro study of transfersomal gel medroxyprogesterone acetate for transdermal drug delivery
Authors: Iskandarsyah  , Camelia Dwi Putri Masrijal  , Harmita
Published: October 2020

A hormonal contraception progestin such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is used to helps regulate ovulation thus as a part of contraception hormone therapy as a method of birth control. This study aimed to formulate, characterized, evaluated transfersomal gel containing medroxyprogesterone acetate and to increased subcutaneous penetration of medroxyprogesterone acetate. In this research, three transfersomes formulas were prepared and optimized, e.g. F1, F2 and F3 with phosphatidylcholine: tween 80 concentration were 90:10; 85:15; and 75:25, respectively. F2 was the best formula with the highest entrapment efficiency 81.20±0.42 %, Average 81.35 ±0.78 nm, morphology of vesicles were spheres, indeks polidispersity 0.198±0.012 and zeta potential was -34.83±0.64 mV. The transpersonal gel (FGT) containing F2, and non-transpersonal gel containing MPA in methanol(FG) were prepared. In vitro penetration test were conducted to both of them using Franz Diffusion cells. Analysis of medroxyprogesterone acetate used a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with an ultraviolet detector on reversed-phase C18, 5µm; 150 x 4.6 mmcolumn; using acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (60:40/v:v) and was detected at a wavelength of 240 nm with flow rate at 1.0 mL/min. Gel stability evaluation results showed that FGT was better than FG on pH stability, viscosity and rheological properties. Based on in vitro penetration study, cumulative subcutaneous penetration of medroxyprogesterone acetate from FGT was 2356.45 ± 197.73 ng.cm-2 and from FG 359.15 ± 13.60 ng.cm-2, respectively. Flux value for FGT and FG were 112.77 ± 6,47 ng.cm-2.hr-1and 17.99 ± 4.81 ng.cm-2.hr-1, respectively. It could be concluded that transfersomal gel medroxyprogesterone acetate for transdermal drug delivery increased cumulative transdermal penetration of medroxyprogesterone acetate by six times more than non-transfersomal gel dosage form.
Clinicohistopathological profile of malignant and pre-malignant lesions of oral cavity
Authors: Sunil V Jagtap  , Jyoti Tele
Published: October 2020

The present study on oral cavity lesions was a descriptive, analytical and observational study consists of total 173 cases, amongst which 38 cases were of pre-malignant lesions while 135 were of malignant lesions. A male preponderance was noted in both pre-malignant and malignant lesions. A maximum number of cases in pre-malignant lesions was from 50-59 years of age group while in case of malignant lesions a bit early age of presentation was noted, i.e. 40-49 years. Most of them were habituated to tobacco—the most common site of involvement for both, oral pre-cancer and cancer was the oral cavity. Leukoplakia was precancerous lesion (55.26%). The variant in the study was verrucous carcinoma. The predominant piece of the oral squamous cell carcinoma was a lot of isolated types. The current review was essentially indistinguishable with various examinations. The study noted a relatively late age of presentation of pre-malignant lesions. This delay could be explained by multiple factors like ignorance and lacking in medical facilities. In this scenario, many patients progress to full-blown malignancy. This examination reflects that there is a tendency to expose issues and instruct individuals concerning unfavourable impacts of liquor and tobacco usage, the significance of dental tidiness, oral self-appraisal and the openness of preventive services organizations.
Molecular Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases- Producer Serratia marcescens Causing Neonatal Sepsis in Iraq
Authors: Zahraa A Sahan  , Saad L Hamed
Published: October 2020

Serratia marcescens is an important nosocomial pathogen that causes a variety of infections, especially urinary tract and bloodstream infections. The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases is a threat to public health worldwide at present. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs) including TEM, SHV, and CTX-M are the predominant types that confer resistance to beta-lactam group of antibiotics. Many reports have been investigated ESBL-producing isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Iraq. However, there are few studies concerned about ESβL-producing Serratia marcescens particularly, detection of ESBLs encoding genes. Therefore this study aimed to identify ESβLs encoding genes in Serratia marcescens isolates from a neonatal intensive care unit. Fifty isolates were identified phenotypically using the VITEK® 2 compact system. For confirming the identification of bacterial strains, molecular detection of housekeeping LuxS gene was done using species-specific designed primers. Antibiogram was performed using the VITEK® 2 compact system. A phenotypic confirmatory test for ESβLs producers was performed using a combination disc method. The ESβLs encoding genes, including blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M, were amplified using a PCR-based technique; the amplified products of some selected isolates were sequenced. Molecular detection of isolates using PCR-based amplification of the LuxS gene showed that all isolates possessed this gene. The patterns of antimicrobial resistance for isolates under study showed very high resistance to cephalosporins, while they were susceptible to carbapenem drugs and tigecycline. Findings based on the PCR technique showed that the prevalence of ESβLs encoding genes of isolates was 13 (26%), 31 (62%), and 46 (92%) for blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M respectively. In the present study, it was concluded that blaCTX-M gene was the most prevalent ESβLs-encoding gene among ESβLs producing Serratia marcescens isolates.
Managing pediatric haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in a resource limited setting-A 3 years experience
Authors: Sanjay Kumar Sahu  , Palash Das  , Jyoti Ranjan Behera
Published: October 2020

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and fatal entity in children with fever, organomegaly, cytopenias, liver dysfunction and coagulopathy and does not respond to conventional therapies. It is categorized into two types: Primary (inherited) and Secondary (associated with infection, malignancy, autoimmune diseases, etc.). Prognosis of primary HLH is poor, whereas in secondary HLH outcome depends upon the underlying disease. This study is a retrospective analysis of case records of children admitted with a diagnosis of HLH from January 2016 to December 2019 in the Pediatrics department of a teaching hospital in Odisha, India. It describes the clinical features, laboratory findings, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of children with HLH.Thirteen children were diagnosed as HLH for 36 months in the age range from 1 month 11 days to 14 years. Fever and splenomegaly were present in 100% of cases while hepatomegaly in 69.2% and rash in 15.3% of cases. Anaemia, hyperferritinemia were detected in 100% whereas neutropenia in 76.9% and thrombocytopenia in 38.4%. Bone marrow aspiration was done in 7 patients out of whom 6 revealed haemophagocytosis. Serum fibrinogen was low in 8 cases. Out of 13 cases, 7 patients received corticosteroid, and 3 of them also received Cyclosporine along with Steroids. Two cases left against medical advice, 7 had infectious aetiology, and 3 cases were diagnosed as Systemic onset Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA). Seven patients required ICU care. Ten cases recovered, and one died as HLH is a rare entity and has a high chance of fatality early diagnosis and prompt therapy results in a better outcome.
Posological review of dose extrapolation methodologies in animal studies, early-phase clinical trials and special populations
Authors: Katharigatta N. Venugopala
Published: October 2020

Identifying the right dose is arguably an essential step in the design of experiments related to drug discovery and development. Often, dose extrapolation is done to scale the doses of a drug from one species to another. However, literature is replete with cases that warrant against the careless and inadequate application of dose-extrapolation methodologies. Increasing costs of research and the development and ethical considerations of experimentation in animals and humans do not condone injudicious design of experiments. This call to caution forms the essential premise of the current review, which focuses on the methodology of the dose extrapolation and its place in early-phase clinical trials and animal studies. Furthermore, the review also provides an update on within-species dose extrapolation to address the issues of adapting adult human doses to pediatric and geriatric settings.
Awareness on hyperthyroidism among dental students
Authors: Nauma Hafiz  , Dhanraj Ganapathy  , Subhashree Rohinikumar
Published: October 2020

Thyroid disease is a global health issue and is amongst the most common endocrine disorders prevalent worldwide. The prevalence rate of thyroid diseases depends on the geographical location, age group, ethnicity, and most importantly, the iodine intake of the population Dentists should be aware of its oral manifestations prior to starting treatment. Hence there is a need to understand and bring about awareness regarding hyperthyroidism. To assess awareness on hyperthyroidism among dental students. An online survey with pretested and validated questionnaire consisting of 10 questions testing awareness of hyperthyroidism was circulated among 100 undergraduate dental students. The Questions regarding adverse effects and clinical tests and symptoms of hyperthyroidism and its awareness were included in the survey. Data was collected, analysed and tabulated. 83% consider TSH, T3 and T4 to be important in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. 33% of the volunteers were aware of TSH levels in hyperthyroidism. 50% felt hypothyroidism is evenly distributed between both genders. 17% consider osteoporosis of the jaws to be the major oral manifestation. It is found from this study that there is acceptable knowledge on hyperthyroidism amongst dental students however, there is need to increase the recognition and management of the condition. Dental treatment modifications may become necessary for patients who are under medical management for thyroid disorder and follow-up for a thyroid condition even though there are no direct life threatening condition.
Authors: Mahmudah Kharisma Noor Latifatul , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the concept of Ibn Sina`s multilevel reasoning and its correlation with bloom`s taxonomy in Islamic education perspective of neuroscience. This research approach is library research using content analysis method. Data sources of this research are literature originating from books and journals in the field of Islamic education (Ibn Sina`s multilevel sense) and neuroscience (bloom`s taxonomy). Data collection is done by tracing related references, both manually and digitally. The data collected is then displayed, reduced and constructed into a whole new concept and also fres. This finding is different because there is an interdisciplinary science between Islamic education and neuroscience as well the correlation of Ibn Sina`s multilevel sense with bloom taxonomy. The result of this study indicate that Ibn Sina`s sense hierarchy has a historical correlation with Bloom`s taxonomy. This is identified semiotics or the same meaning. Therefore, Ibn Sina`s multilevel reasoning and bloom taxonomy have relevance in Islamic education especially in the stages of learning. For example the hierarchy of acquisition reason has the same meaning as being creative.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BUKU POP-UP TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 1 GONDOSULI
Authors: Prasetiyo Heru Budi
Published: October 2020

Media pembelajaran dan hasil belajar merupakan bagian yang saling terkait dalam pembelajaran. Hasil belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain yaitu media pembelajaran. Hasil belajar akan meningkat bila guru dalam proses pembelajaran menggunakan media pembelajaran. Dalam hal ini media pembelajaran yang dimaksud adalah media pembelajaran buku pop-up. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh dari penggunaan media pembelajaran buku pop-up terhadap hasil belajar IPA.Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksperimen. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis kuantitatif. PopulasiÂ  dan sample penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 22 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi untuk variabel media pembelajaran kemudian menggunakan tes untuk variabel hasil belajar. Setelah dilakukan analisis data hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : 1)Pengaruh penggunaan media pembelajaran buku pop-up (X) terhadap hasil belajar (Y) siswa kelas IV SDN 1 Gondosuli sangat signifikaan. Dengan hasil Â > Â yaitu 2.277 > 2.021 dan niali Sig.(2-tailed) < 0,05 yaitu 0,035 < 0,05.

Â 
Kata Kunci: Buku Pop-up, Hasil belajar IPA, Media
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PROBLEM CREATING SETTING PEER LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF
Authors: Puspasari Ratih
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh model pembelajaran problem creating setting peer learning yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model Plomp. Model pengembangan ini terdiri dari 3 tahap, yaitu: (1) prelimenary research (penelitian awal); (2) prototyping phase (fase pengembangan); (3) assessment phase (fase penilaian). Subjek penelitian melibatkan 45 siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 1 Kedungwaru Tulungagung. Hasil penelitian adalah sintaks model pembelajaran yaitu: (1) menentukan tujuan pembelajaran matematika; (2) menentukan konteks masalah; (3) menciptakan masalah; (4) pengajuan masalah oleh siswa; (5) mengantisipasi jawaban siswa; (6) menerapkan dan merefleksi. Berdasarkan penilaian dari validator dan guru, model dan instrumen yang dikembangkan sudah valid dan dapat diterapkan.
STUDY OF PLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Hamouda Samir Ahmed , Emgau Nada Eaz-Alden , Bohagar Rabab Muftah , Mohammed Eissa Aisha
Published: October 2020

Magnetic fields are an important phenomenon in the solar system and beyond. Their causes are complex and have a variety of effects on their surroundings; they have become a critical tool for the exploration of solar system bodies. Magnetic fields play a very important role in the Sun. From sunspots to coronal heating, from solar ares to coronal mass ejections all these apparently diverse phenomena have magnetic fields as their ultimate cause. The study of the terrestrial dynamo is a difficult problem made more so by the inability to construct planetary-scale dynamos for laboratory study. However, understanding the nature of the matter comprising the Solar System is crucial for understanding the mechanism that generates Earth’s geomagnetic field and the magnetic fields of other planets and satellites planetary dynamo models. In this study, in this study, classifications of planets are introduced. Development of planetary magnetism model is discussed. General concepts of the magnetic dynamo theory are introduced. Properties of planetary magnetic fields are presented and Earth crustal magnetic field is briefly discussed.