bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menaikkan performa dribbling sepakbola di usia muda melalui video tutorial
Authors: Pratama Vicky Yusid , Fajaruddin Syarief
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan video tutorial teknik dasar dribbling sepakbola guna meningkatkan kecepatan dribbling pada usia 12-15 tahun di SSB Bintang Fajar. Metode penelitian menggunakan model prosedural "ADDIE" dengan langkah-langkah Analisis, Desain, Pengembangan Produk, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi angket, dokumentasi rancangan produk, dan pre-test & post-test untuk menilai peningkatan kecepatan dribbling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan mencakup analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif berupa persentase. Pengembangan teknik dribbling sepakbola ini melibatkan evaluasi dari para ahli sepakbola, permain sepakbola, dan ahli media. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah video tutorial teknik dasar dribbling sepakbola yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan usia dan kondisi pandemi saat ini. Diharapkan pengembangan ini dapat memberikan kontribusi positif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan dribbling pada pemain usia muda.Â Improving youth soccer dribbling performance through video tutorialsÂ Abstract: This study aims to develop a video tutorial on basic soccer dribbling techniques to increase dribbling speed at the age of 12-15 years at SSB Bintang Fajar. The research method uses the "ADDIE" procedural model with the steps of Analysis, Design, Product Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The instruments used include questionnaires, product design documentation, and pre-test & post-test to assess the increase in dribbling speed. The data analysis technique used includes qualitative and quantitative analysis in the form of percentages. The development of this soccer dribbling technique involves evaluation from soccer experts, soccer players, and media experts. The result of this research is a video tutorial on basic soccer dribbling techniques tailored to the needs of age and current pandemic conditions. It is hoped that this development can make a positive contribution in improving dribbling skills in young players.
Aktivitas fisik untuk meningkatkan keterampilan bermain sepak bola
Authors: Atiq Ahmad , Purwanto Didi , Ali Muhammad , Candra Gustian, Erik , Hidayatululloh Septianggi Afrizal , Rafli Rafli , Anggini Selvi Bella , Riski Riski , Jumantara Warapada Annisa , Nanda Fitri Agung
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan aktivitas fisik bukan hanya sebagai media untuk meningkatkan dan memelihara derajat kesehatan manusia, banyak manfaat lain salah satunya adalah optimalnya peran dari kognitif dampak dari distribusi oksigen yang cukup ke otak manusia. Physical activity (PA) dapat mengembalikan setidaknya beberapa efek yang tidak diinginkan akibat gaya hidup sedentary secara nyata kalo di kaitkan dengan para pemain sepak bola yang terjadi sekarang dapat menunda penuaan otak, namun yang paling penting adalah PA dapat meningkatkan proses kognitif dan daya ingat, antidepresan bahkan menginduksi perasaan bahagia Secara fisiologis aktivitas fisik yang baik dapat membantu manusia untuk mengoptimalkan fungsi-fungsi otak. Aktivitas fisik yang menarik dapat menjadi salah satu cara yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan fungsi kognitif seseorang karena beberapa bukti menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik memiliki dampak positif untuk performa akademik Namun, Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan peserta didik kemudian menganalisis jenis aktivitas fisik yang relevan guna mendukung keterampilan bermain sepak bola. Penelitian ini menggunankan Metode penelitian yang di gunakan dengan pendekatan diskriftif kuantitatif Classroom Action Research (CAR) adalah cara menentukan bagaimana cara melakukanya pengambilan data yang di mulai dariÂ  siklus. I maupun II kegiatan penelitian, cara memperoleh data ini dikenal sebagai metode pengumpulan data, Analisis dataÂ  Dengan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Khususnya mahasiswa angkatan 2023 Yang Berjumlah 45 di dapatkan sebagai berikutÂ  Siklus 1 Lulus 25 mahasiswa Dengan Persentasi 55 % Dan yang belum lulus berjumlah 20 peserta didik dengan persentasi 45 % Di Lanjutkan Siklus II Dengan Perbaikan Perencanaan Dan Pelaksaan yang lebih baik denga tingkat Akurat Dan Tepat Sasaran Mengunakan keterampilan dimana seluruh atlet mendalamÂ  Baru Bisa Di Katakan Lulus 45 Peserta Didik Dengan Persentasi 100 %.
Analysis of aerobic and anaerobic endurance levels in junior soccer players in various field positions
Authors: Suhadak Ahmad , Syafii Imam , Nanda Fitri Agung
Published: February 2025

In football, the energy system used is aerobic endurance and anaerobic endurance. So every football player needs to have the quality of endurance in facing every match. The aim of this research is to determine the ability of aerobic endurance and the ability of anaerobic endurance. The subjects of this research were 20 junior football players aged 14 years. The research method in this research is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The instruments used in the research were the Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) for collecting data on anaerobic endurance and the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT) for aerobic endurance. The percentage results of aerobic endurance were 3 people in the very poor category, 6 people in the poor category, 8 people in the sufficient category, and 3 people in the good category. Meanwhile, regarding anaerobic endurance, 8 people were in a good category, 6 people were in the sufficient category, and 3 people were in the very poor category. From the description results for the anaerobic endurance variable, the mean is 5.99, the standard deviation is 0.39. Meanwhile, from the results of the description for the aerobic endurance variable, the mean was 39.90, standard deviation of 4.73. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that there is an influence of aerobic and anaerobic training on endurance in junior football athletes in the city of Kediri. Even though it has an influence on the durability of this research, it has several limitations, namely limited subjects and age categories.
Hubungan antara konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri dengan kemampuan tendangan penalti pada futsal
Authors: Sinangling Rival , Ariestika Elsa , Fahmi Fadlilah , Richard Victorian Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri merupakan aspek yang berpengaruh pada performa atlet dalam pertandingan futsal, terlebih pada keadaan krusial seperti tendangan penalti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri terhadap kemampuan tendangan penalti futsal. Metode yang digunakan yaitu desain penelitian korelasional dengan deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan didapatkan sebanyak 30 siswa laki-laki kelas 7 dan kelas 8 yang masih aktif mengikuti ekstrakurikuler futsal di MA Al-Islah Cikeusal. Instrumen konsentrasi menggunakan Grid Concentration Test, kepercayaan diri menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert, dan tendangan penalti menggunakan Tes Tendangan Penalti. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari uji prasyarat dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) ada korelasi antara konsentrasi terhadap kemampuan tendangan penalti futsal, (2) ada korelasi antara kepercayaan diri terhadap kemampuan tendangan penalti futsal, dan (3) ada korelasi antara konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri secara simultan terhadap kemampuan tendangan penalti futsal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri berperan penting dalam keadaan krusial pertandingan futsal seperti tendangan penalti. The association between concentration and self-confidence with penalty kick ability in futsal Abstract: Concentration and self-confidence affect athletes' performance in futsal matches, especially in crucial circumstances such as penalty kicks. This study aimed to determine the correlation between concentration and self-confidence in futsal penalty-kicking abilities. The study employed a correlational research design with a descriptive quantitative approach. A purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of up to 30 male students in 7th and 8th grade who were actively participating in extracurricular futsal at MA Al-Islah Cikeusal. Concentration scores were obtained using the Grid Concentration Test, a Likert scale questionnaire for self-confidence, and a Penalty Kick Test for penalty kick score. The data analysis technique consists of prerequisite tests and hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that (1) there is a correlation between concentration on futsal penalty kicking ability, (2) there is a correlation between self-confidence on futsal penalty kicking ability, and (3) there is a correlation between concentration and self-confidence simultaneously on futsal penalty kicking ability. This research indicated that concentration and self-confidence are important in crucial circumstances of futsal matches, such as penalty kicks.
The Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography in Diagnosis And Therapy of Patients With Chest Trauma
Authors:   Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Hilendarov A , Chervenkovrgiev L , Sirakov N
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chest traumas are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. They commonly occur
in the younger population and are the most common cause of death in people between 25 and 40 years
of age. This article summarizes the place of MDCT in the diagnosis, examination technique and findings
in injuries of the chest trauma patients.
Methods: Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is considered to be the most effective imaging
method in this field. Its advantages include especially high speed and high geometric resolution at any
plane. The method allows us to view large parts of the body with minimal motion artifacts and to create
accurate multiplanar and three-dimensional (3D) reformations.
Results: MDCT allows us to view diagnosis significantly more accurate. One hundred and twelve
patients are examined at the Emergency department. The injuries of the chest and intrathoracic organs
are found. In 56 (50%) of all 112 patients included in our study, fractures of the ribs are the most common
traumas. Also fracture of the scapula, sternum, extra pleural hematomas, pneumothorax, hemothorax,
pulmonary contusions, laceration of trachea and bronchi, rupture of esophagus, diaphragmatic rupture
and injuries of blood vessels are established.
Conclusion: Because of its advantages MDCT has become the first-choice method in chest trauma
patients
Painless Physiotherapy Application with Femoral Nerve Catheter in A Underwent Judet Quadricepsplasty
Authors:   Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University of Istanbul, Bahçelievler, Istanbul,, Bilge Aslan , Aktaş Suha Ahmet ,   Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University of Istanbul, Bahçelievler, Istanbul,, Karaca Kevser Yamen ,   Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University of Istanbul, Bahçelievler, Istanbul, TURKEY
Published: February 2025

Regional nerve blocks provide superior analgesia over opioid based pain management regimens for
traumatic injuries such as femur fractures, Judet quadricepsplasty. An ultrasound-guided regional
nerve block is placed either as a single-shot injection or via a perineural catheter that is left in place.
Continuous peripheral nerve block is associated with some limitations, including infection, neurologic
injury, local anesthetic toxicity, and patient falls. [1,2]. Perineural catheters allow prolonged and
titratable delivery of local anesthetic directly targeted to the injured extremity, resulting in opioid
sparing while maintaining high-quality pain relief with improved alertness. A catheter-over-needle
kit, resembling a peripheral intravenous line, is now available. Recent studies also suggest excellent
analgesic outcomes with intermittent perineural bolusing of local anesthetic, thereby dispensing with
the need for complex and expensive infusion pumps. Our experience suggests that this is a promising
new technique for emergency pain management of acute extremity injuries. Preparation included sterile
gown, gloves, hat, mask, and drape. With the patient supine, the left femoral nerve is visualized just
distal to the inguinal ligament and approximately 1 to 2 cm cephalad to the inguinal crease [1]
The Geopolitics of Access to Critical Minerals Necessary to Support Energy Transition
Authors: Lee Robert , Ahuja Jyoti , Čavoški Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

The decarbonisation of energy systems, as a vital component of the transition to a low carbon economy, continues to generate demand for finite resources. These come in the form not of coal, oil gas, or other fossil fuels but in the form of a suite of critical raw materials, usually minerals, which are crucial components to the working of renewable energy supplies and associated shifts such as that to electric mobility. In this article we assess the rising demand for these critical raw materials and their role in energy transition. This is in the context of efforts to decarbonise energy systems in line with their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to carbon reduction in pledges made under the Paris Agreement. The article suggests that the Paris Agreement fired a starting gun in a pursuit of economic growth based upon the notion of a green economy. This has driven demand for the materials in question to a point at which we witness a growing protectionism within world trade. Having explained the features of the new protectionist stance, the article reviews the role of circular economy structures in building energy security through control of secondary critical material resources, before concluding with a call for the need for access to critical materials to feature more prominently in current debates on energy security.
Renewable Energy Adoption in Communities: Bridging the Gap between Energy Transition Initiatives and Community Aspirations from an Energy Justice Lens
Authors: Ehanmo Ivie
Published: February 2025

The aim of transitioning from fossil-based energy sources to lower-carbon energy sources such as renewable energy is at the forefront of the energy transition debate, based on global commitments to climate change action through the COP process. Nevertheless, concerns about its impacts on equity and justice remain paramount, not least due to demographic variances across countries and regions in the Global North and Global South respectively. Such variances are particularly acute when communities are considered, given differences in community aspirations, and need to be factored in when promoting the adoption of low carbon technologies such as renewable energy, particularly in relation to energy justice principles, considerations of energy democracy and energy citizenship in advancing the global energy transition agenda. This article argues that strategic measures and policy options based on a multi-faceted approach therefore need to be designed and implemented, if community aspirations for increased adoption of renewable energy technologies are to be successful, ultimately allowing for a more just and democratic energy transition in communities.
Bullying and Cyberbullying. Module 13
Authors:   HoltIS Association, Association HoltIS
Published: February 2025

The Module ”Bullying and Cyberbullying” offers both theoretical and practical insights into the phenomena of bullying and cyberbullying. Parents will gain an understanding of the various forms these behaviors take: verbal, physical, and emotional/psychological bullying. They will explore the causes of bullying behavior and the effects of bullying and cyberbullying in the school environment. Additionally, they will learn how to identify victims and perpetrators of these phenomena. In the first part of the module, bullying is presented as one of the most complex forms of aggression and violent behavior. A key feature is the asymmetrical power relationship between the bully and the victim, with repeated behavior aimed at the same person, highlighting the clear power imbalance. Bullying is intentional, designed to frighten or intimidate the weaker individual. Therefore, this part of the module helps parents recognize the full extent of bullying and cyberbullying. In the second part, aspects of cyberbullying are discussed, including the effects these phenomena have on young people. This module is part of the materials dedicated to the training of parental educators.
Metabolomics study of osteopetrosis caused by CLCN7 mutation reveals novel pathway and potential biomarkers
Authors: Chen Xi , Wang Ziyuan , Fu Wenzhen , Wei Zhe , Gu Jiemei , Wang Chun , Zhang Zhenlin , Yu Xiangtian , Hu Weiwei
Published: February 2025

Objective

CLCN7 mutation caused abnormal osteoclasts, resulting in osteopetrosis. Depending on the type of mutation, CLCN7 mutations can lead to severe or relatively benign forms of osteopetrosis. However, the serum metabolic alterations in osteopetrosis caused by CLCN7 mutation are still unknown. We aimed to investigate the differences in the metabolome of osteopetrosis patients caused by CLCN7 mutation versus healthy controls (HC), uncovering potential subtype diagnosis biomarkers.

Methods

19 osteopetrosis patients caused by CLCN7 mutation and 19 HC were recruited for liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The screened pathway was validated in the myeloid cell specific Clcn7G763R mutant mouse model by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.

Results

Three metabolic pathways were significantly enriched, including glycerophospholipid metabolism (P=0.036948), arachidonic acid metabolism (P=0.0058585) and linoleic acid metabolism (P=0.032035). Ten differential expressed metabolites were located in these three pathways and classified ability with areas under the curve over 0.7 in receiver operating characteristic analysis, suggesting a certain accuracy for being the potential biological markers. Especially, we found that the proteins in glycerophospholipid metabolism were predicted to interact with ClC-7 and further verified that the expression of coding genes were significantly up-regulated in myeloid cell specific Clcn7G763R mutant mouse.

Conclusion

This study provides data on serum metabolomics in osteopetrosis caused by CLCN7 mutation and provides new potential metabolic markers and pathways for diagnosis and pathogenesis of osteopetrosis.
T1-relaxation times along the corticospinal tract as a diagnostic marker in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Dierksen Fiona , Geibel Johanna S. , Albrecht Janika , Hofer Sabine , Dechent Peter , Hesse Amelie C. , Frahm Jens , Bähr Mathias , Koch Jan C. , Liman Jan , Maier Ilko L.
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose

In the differential diagnostic workup of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is primarily used to rule out significant differential diagnoses. So far, whole-brain T1-mapping has not been assessed as a diagnostic tool in this patient population.

Methods

We investigated the diagnostic potential of a novel T1-mapping method based on real-time MRI with 0.5 mm in-plane resolution and 4s acquisition time per slice. The study included patients aged 18 to 90 years who met the revised El Escorial criteria for at least possible ALS. T1-relaxation times were measured along the corticospinal tract in predefined regions of interest.

Results

Twenty-nine ALS-patients and 43 control group patients (CG) were included in the study. Median ALS Functional Rating Scale revised (ALSFRS-R) was 37 (IQR, 35–44) points and the mean duration from symptom onset to MRI was 21 ± 17 (SD) months. ALS patients showed significantly higher T1-relaxation times in all ROIs compared to CG with mean differences in the hand knob of 50 ms (p < 0.001), corona radiata 24 ms (p = 0.034), internal capsule 27 ms (p = 0.002) and midbrain peduncles 48 ms (p < 0.001). There was a consistent negative correlation between the ALSFRS-R and T1-relaxation times in all ROIs.

Conclusions

T1-relaxation times along the corticospinal tract are significantly elevated in ALS patients compared to CG and associated with lower ALSFRS-R. These results imply the analysis of T1-relaxation times as a promising diagnostic tool that can distinguish ALS patients from the control group. Ongoing longitudinal studies may provide deeper insights into disease progression and the effects of therapeutic interventions.
A 5′ Promoter Region SNP in CTSC Leads to Increased Hypoxia Tolerance in Changfeng Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)
Authors: Feng Nannan , Li Xiaohui , Sha Hang , Luo Xiangzhong , Zou Guiwei , Zhang Jiquan , Liang Hongwei
Published: February 2025

Silver carp is a critically significant species in freshwater aquaculture in China, characterized by its limited tolerance to hypoxia. In this study, a significant SNP locus at Chr8: 29647765 (T/C) associated with hypoxia tolerance traits was identified in Changfeng silver carp, and the homozygotic CC genotype exhibited higher hypoxic tolerance than the homozygotic TT and heterozygotic TC genotypes. Under hypoxic conditions, the hemoglobin concentration increased, with the CC genotype demonstrating a significantly higher level compared with the TT genotype; the activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly higher in the CC genotype than in the other genotypes; the area of the gill lamellae was significantly smaller in the CC genotype than in the TT and TC genotypes; and the number of apoptotic cells in the brain was significantly lower in the CC genotype than in the TT and TC genotypes. Sequence analysis showed that this SNP was located in the promoter region of the cathepsin C (CTSC) gene. The expression levels of the CTSC gene were analyzed across the three genotypes, revealing that the CC genotype exhibited significantly lower expression compared with the TT and TC genotypes under hypoxia. This finding suggests that the SNP associated with the CC genotype leads to reduced CTSC expression, which may facilitate better physiological adaptation to hypoxia. Analysis of the promoter region of CTSC found a unique predicted hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) binding site (CGTG) in the T genotype, implying that the differential expression of CTSC among the three genotypes under hypoxic stress may be regulated by HIF-1α, a transcription factor integral to hypoxia adaptation, thereby affecting hypoxia tolerance, which further affects the immune response of the Changfeng silver carp in response to the hypoxic environment. Although SNPs represent significant genetic determinants, their phenotypic effects are predominantly mediated through complex interactions within gene regulatory networks and environmental influences. This study identified an effective SNP site in Changfeng silver carp, providing valuable guidance for future selective breeding and the development of new hypoxia-tolerant varieties.
The Use of Lidocaine-Infused Castration Bands to Castrate Beef–Dairy Calves and Its Effect on Animal Welfare and Performance
Authors: Mancke Madeline R. , Bortoluzzi Eduarda M. , Dahmer Payton , White Brad J.
Published: February 2025

Castration is a common management practice among livestock producers, and animal welfare concerns exist following this procedure. The study’s aim was to compare the behavior, performance, and blood parameters between calves castrated with a lidocaine-infused castration band (Lidoband™; LLB) to a standard band with no pain relief. In this blinded, randomized controlled trial, 26 male beef–dairy cross calves were followed for 7 weeks post banding. There were no significant differences between treatment groups in regard to overall body weight, average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (G:F), clinical illness scores, banding site scores, and approach tests. However, there were treatment differences in the weekly ADG and G:F (p < 0.05). There was a significant treatment by time interaction between the number of lying bouts and the average stand bout time (p < 0.05). There was also a significant treatment difference in the number of wound licks (p < 0.05). Overall, band castration presented acute and chronic pain, regardless of treatment. Performance, analyzed weekly, and behavioral patterns around the time of wound granulation (days 21–35 post castration) demonstrated positive outcomes for calves in the LLB group. Banding with an LLB proved to be beneficial in terms of both performance and behavioral aspects, implying greater animal welfare.
Retrospective Evaluation of Subpleural Consolidations Using Lung Ultrasound in 634 Dogs and 347 Cats
Authors: Kraszewska Katarzyna , Gajewski Michał , Boysen Søren , Buda Natalia
Published: February 2025

Background: Human literature describes vascular patterns in various types of lung consolidations; however, these changes have not been analyzed in dogs and cats. This retrospective analysis of medical records aimed to describe vascular patterns observed in the airless subpleural lung tissue of dogs and cats and to compare these patterns to various lung consolidations and clinical diagnoses according to parenchymal and vascular criteria described in human literature. Animals: This study included 347 cats and 634 dogs. Methods: This was a retrospective study encompassing medical records obtained between 2018 and 2023. Lung ultrasound was performed in dogs and cats and cases with different sonographically identified airless subpleural lung tissue were selected. Airless subpleural lung tissue was categorized into five types of consolidations: shred, nodule, wedge sign, mass, and tissue sign. Further classification was based on the parenchymal criteria, the presence or absence of bronchograms and the vascular patterns identified within these regions. Bronchograms were classified as air bronchograms (dynamic and/or static), fluid bronchograms, mixed fluid and air bronchograms, and/or absence of bronchograms. Vascular patterns were classified as tree-like, residual, chaotic, “vascular sign”, and whether they were continuous with and extended from the chest wall or not. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: It is possible to identify and characterize airless subpleural lung tissue in cats and dogs based on the parenchymal and vascular characteristics.
Protective Effect of Methyl Sulfonyl Methane on the Progression of Age-Induced Bone Loss by Regulating Oxidative Stress-Mediated Bone Resorption
Authors: Zhang Duo , Wang Leilei , Tang Lu , Zhang Yeting , Zhang Huaiyong , Zou Lin
Published: February 2025

Aging is associated with detrimental bone loss, often leading to fragility fractures, which may be driven by oxidative stress. In this study, the outcomes of comparing the differences among young, adult and aged C57BL/6J mice found that the trabecular bone volume was significantly lower in the aged mice compared to young mice, and the bone characteristics were significantly correlated with the oxidative status. To counteract the adverse effects of aging, methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM), a stable metabolite of dimethyl sulfoxide, was used to supplement the drinking water (400 mg/kg/day) of the aged mice (73 weeks old) for 8 weeks. The MSM supplementation improved the maximum load, bone microarchitecture, and mRNA levels of osteocyte-specific genes in the tibia. Furthermore, MSM reduced the serum level of the C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, a marker of bone resorption, and downregulated the mRNA levels of genes related to osteoclast proliferation and activity. MSM also decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both the serum and bone marrow. Importantly, the MSM-treated mice exhibited an enhanced antioxidant status, characterized by increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and glutathione concentration in plasma, erythrocytes and bone marrow. These improvements were linked to the activation of the nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and its downstream antioxidant gene expression, including that of superoxide dismutase and GPx. These findings suggested that age-related bone loss is closely tied to oxidative stress, and MSM supplementation effectively reverses bone loss by mitigating oxidative stress-mediated bone resorption.
Optimization of Laser-Induced Hybrid Hardening Process Based on Response Surface Methodology and WOA-BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Qunli , Ling Jianan , Chen Zhijun , Wu Guolong , Yu Zexin , Wang Yangfan , Zhou Jun , Yao Jianhua
Published: February 2025

The laser-induced hybrid hardening process integrates laser quenching and electromagnetic induction heating to overcome traditional heat treatment limitations, enhancing the depth and properties of hardened layers for applications like wind turbine bearings. This study uses Box–Behnken design (BBD) experiments to analyze key process parameters and develops response surface methodology (RSM) and whale-optimization-algorithm-optimized back-propagation neural network (WOA-BPNN) models for prediction and optimization. The WOA-BPNN model outperforms the RSM model, achieving superior predictive accuracy with R2 values exceeding 0.995 for both depth and hardness, with a root mean square error (RMSE) for depth of 0.099 mm and of 1.734 HV0.3 for hardness, and with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.697% and 0.7867%, respectively. The WOA-BPNN model provides an effective and reliable framework for optimizing laser-induced hybrid hardening, improving production efficiency and extending component life for industrial applications.
Thermal Comfort Assessment for Simultaneous Operation of Cooling and an Energy Recovery Ventilator in a Residential Building During Summer
Authors: Kang Kyungmo , Kim Daeung Danny
Published: February 2025

After the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea, residential buildings are equipped with an energy recovery ventilator for ventilation and building energy efficiency. During summer, it is required to operate both the ERV system and air conditioners to maintain thermal comfort as well as ensure indoor air quality. The ventilation efficiency of the ERV system can be varied by various layouts of the inlet and outlet vents. Moreover, cooling can be wasted through the exhaust of the ERV system. Considering this, the present study assessed thermal comfort by applying various layouts of the supply and exhaust of ERV systems with different supply air temperatures and air volumes of the air conditioners. Using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation, the ventilation and thermal performance with the PMV (predicted mean vote) were analyzed. As a result, the PMV was highly affected by the supply air temperature and ventilation flow rates of the air conditioners. While additional installations of the inlet or outlet vents showed improved ventilation performance, the PMV index presented “slightly cold” or “cold”. Considering energy saving, this proves that it can provide an opportunity to reduce cooling energy consumption through the intermittent operation mode of the air conditioners.
Study on the Method for Calculating the Flexural Rigidity of Reinforced Concrete Truss Hollow Composite Slabs
Authors: Chen Xudong , Liu Yunlin , Ma Qinyong , Wu Deyi , Shi Guodong
Published: February 2025

A static performance experimental study was conducted on six simply supported reinforced concrete truss hollow composite slabs to analyze their flexural rigidity. The study investigated the effects of the slab thickness, the dimensions of the hollow thin-walled boxes, and the composite interfaces on the flexural rigidity of the hollow composite slabs. The flexural rigidity was calculated using methods from American standards, Chinese standards, and the relevant literature, and the results were compared with the experimental data. Based on the experimental findings, a method for calculating the flexural rigidity of hollow composite slabs using a reduced moment of inertia equation was proposed, and the calculated results showed good agreement with the experimental results. The research indicates that the composite interface and the size of the hollow thin-walled boxes have minimal influence on the flexural performance of hollow composite slabs, while the slab thickness significantly impacts their flexural performance. By employing the effective moment of inertia method and substructure calculation theory, a calculation method for the flexural rigidity of hollow composite slabs was established, demonstrating high accuracy.
Exercise Guidelines in Pancreatic Cancer Based on the Dietz Model
Authors: Chang Philip J. , Hendifar Andrew E. , Gresham Gillian , Ngo-Huang An , Oberstein Paul E. , Parker Nathan , Coveler Andrew L.
Published: February 2025

Pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancers are associated with debility, frailty, and chemotherapy regiments with significant toxicity. Practical exercise guidelines to combat these ailments and optimize functional status are lacking. We present a model for exercise for these cancers based on the Dietz framework for rehabilitation in cancer. The Dietz framework for rehabilitation describes four phases of rehabilitation including preventative (prehabilitation), restorative, supportive, and palliative. We present practical guidelines for exercise at each phase. Prehabilitation seeks to optimize functional performance typically prior to surgical resection and may occur concurrently with neoadjuvant therapy. Restorative rehabilitation occurs following the development of a physical deficit such as after surgery and may utilize skilled therapies in the inpatient, subacute, outpatient, and home settings to address functional impairments. Supportive rehabilitation occurs during stable disease or remission and depends on the frequent monitoring of functional status and particularly the development of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy to ensure timely exercise interventions. Palliative rehabilitation occurs at the end stage of life and shifts to a focus on patient comfort and safety. Exercise is a critical component of treatment in cancer demonstrating numerous quality-of-life benefits. The customization of exercise recommendations to individual patients based on their functional status and phase in treatment is essential for safety and adherence.
A Review on the Design of Cathode Catalyst Materials for Zinc-Iodine Batteries
Authors: Cui Wanyi , Jia Weishang , Yu Bailin , Wang Shirui , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Qubie Xiaolong , Lv Xingbin , Wang Feifei
Published: February 2025

Zinc-iodine batteries, which have the advantages of low cost, high safety, long lifespan, and high energy density, currently rank as one of the most promising electrical energy storage devices. However, these batteries still face significant challenges, including sluggish iodine redox kinetics and the shuttle effect of polyiodides. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in cathode catalysts for zinc-iodine batteries, with a particular focus on the electrochemical processes and working mechanisms of catalysts, and delves into the prospects and scientific issues associated with their development. It then presents a detailed analysis of the mechanisms, principles, and performances of various catalysts, including heteroatom-doped carbon materials, single-atom catalysts, dual-atom catalysts, molecular catalysts, and transition metal compounds, in catalyzing the cathodes of zinc-iodine batteries. These diverse catalysts, with their unique functionalities and catalytic effects, can substantially address the kinetic challenges related to iodine conversion efficiency and the stability issues associated with polyiodide shuttle. Nonetheless, several challenges persist, such as reducing the synthesis cost of catalysts, minimizing catalyst usage to enhance the overall energy density of zinc-iodine batteries, and improving the long-term activity of catalysts. This review is expected to deepen our understanding of cathode catalysts for zinc-iodine batteries and facilitate their practical applications in the future.
Exergy Analysis of a Convective Heat Pump Dryer Integrated with a Membrane Energy Recovery Ventilator
Authors: Balaraman Anand , Rahman Md Ashiqur , Ziviani Davide , Warsinger David M.
Published: February 2025

To increase energy efficiency, heat pump dryers and membrane dryers have been proposed to replace conventional fossil fuel dryers. Both conventional and heat pump dryers require substantial energy for condensing and reheating, while “active” membrane systems require vacuum pumps that are insufficiently developed. Lower temperature dehumidification systems make efficient use of membrane energy recovery ventilators (MERVs) that do not need vacuum pumps, but their high heat losses and lack of vapor selectivity have prevented their use in industrial drying. In this work, we propose an insulating membrane energy recovery ventilator for moisture removal from drying exhaust air, thereby reducing sensible heat loss from the dehumidification process and reheating energy. The second law analysis of the proposed system is carried out and compared with a baseline convective heat pump dryer. Irreversibilities in each component under different ambient temperatures (5–35 °C) and relative humidity (5–95%) are identified. At an ambient temperature of 35 °C, the proposed system substantially reduces sensible heat loss (47–60%) in the dehumidification process, resulting in a large reduction in condenser load (45–50%) compared to the baseline system. The evaporator in the proposed system accounts for up to 59% less irreversibility than the baseline system. A maximum of 24.5% reduction in overall exergy input is also observed. The highest exergy efficiency of 10.2% is obtained at an ambient condition of 35 °C and 5% relative humidity, which is more than twice the efficiency of the baseline system under the same operating condition.
A Highly Stabilized Current Source Topology with Slope Compensation for a High-Power Microwave Guiding Coil
Authors: Zhang Dandi , Ding Hongfa , He Zhou , Zhou Wentao , Zhang Ziqi
Published: February 2025

For the waveguide coil in a High-Power Microwave (HPM) source, a strong repetitive Flat-top Pulsed Magnetic Field (FTPMF) is needed, which requires the power supply system to generate a high load current (3∼5 kA) with high stability (<1000 ppm) and a long pulse-width (15∼20 ms). To achieve this, this article proposes a novel topology which includes a capacitor bank as the main power supply to guarantee a long pulse-width, combined with an active current compensator to regulate the load current precisely. A PI control scheme with slope compensation is used to solve the current fluctuation caused by capacitor switching. The novel topology also features a fast rising and falling time, thus it is suitable for repetitive working applications. The parameters of the topology are calculated by analysis to guarantee the working condition of a 45 GHz HPM source, and the operating principle of this topology is verified through low-power-scale experiments.
New Landscape-Perspective Exploration of the Effects of Moso Bamboo On-Year and Off-Year Phenomena on Soil Moisture
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Jinglin , Sun Tao , Li Longwei , Li Nan , Jiang Lang
Published: February 2025

On-year and off-year phenomena are common in Moso bamboo forests and significantly affect economic value and ecological functions. However, observational evidence regarding the impact of these cycles on surface soil moisture (SSM) remains scarce, and little is known about the implications of their landscape patterns for regional water conservation. Here, we first quantified the spatial distribution and temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI) of on-year and off-year Moso bamboo forests based on remote sensing images and landscape metrics. We then analyzed the role of on-year and off-year phenomena and their landscape patterns on SSM. Results showed that: (1) the proposed index derived from remote sensing imagery extracted on-year and off-year Moso bamboo forests with satisfactory accuracy, and the areas were 161.4 km2 and 173.5 km2, respectively; (2) a significant disparity was observed in the TVDI between on-year and off-year Moso bamboo forests, and mismatched growth stages and phenological characteristics were identified as primary influencing factors; and the (3) landscape metrics of the perimeter–area ratio (PAR), proximity index (PROX), perimeter–area fractal dimension index (PAFRAC), connectance index (CONNECT), and aggregation index (AI) exhibited negative correlations with the TDVI, indicating that the high spatial connectivity of Moso bamboo forests enhances soil water conservation. Our findings suggested that on-year and off-year phenomena and their spatial distribution intensified the heterogeneity in SSM. Therefore, considerations regarding the connectivity and edge complexity within Moso bamboo forests should be prioritized in future management strategies to achieve a balance between economic benefits and ecological functions in water-deficient mountainous areas.
An Evaluation of the Nursing Practice Environments in Portuguese Prisons
Authors: Valente Vítor da Silva , Azevedo Tânia Maria Silva , Ribeiro Marlene Patrícia , Pereira Soraia Cristina de Abreu , Fernandes Sandra Rita Pereira , Vilela António Carlos Lopes , Trindade Letícia de Lima , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: The prison environment is a unique context of professional practice, characterized by specific challenges requiring conditions that ensure both the delivery of tailored care to inmates and the well-being of healthcare professionals. This study analyzes the characteristics of nursing practice environments in Portuguese prisons. Methods: A descriptive, exploratory, mixed-methods design, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches was conducted in 30 Portuguese prisons. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling method was used to select participants. Data were collected between June and July 2022 using an online self-administered questionnaire. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 28.0, was used to analyze the quantitative data, while Bardin’s Thematic Analysis was used to examine the qualitative data. The Ethics Committee granted ethical approval for the study, and the Directorate-General for Reintegration and Prison Services provided authorization. Results: A total of 77 nurses participated in the study, representing 39.4% of the target population. The dimensions with the lowest mean scores included “Nurses’ participation and involvement in institutional policies, strategies, and management”, “Institutional policy for professional qualification”, “Interdependent practices in professional activities”, and “Systematic assessment of nurses’ performance and supervision”. Participants highlighted the need for improved strategies targeting structural, procedural, and outcome-oriented components. Conclusions: Finding fields of weakness can greatly enhance the setting for nursing practices. Priority interventions in Portuguese prisons include the following: enhancing human resources; providing adequate infrastructure and equipment; implementing policies to involve, qualify, and assess nurses’ performance; and defining indicators centered on the safety and quality of care as well as the welfare of professionals.
Genome-Wide Identification of Peanut Pyruvate Kinase Gene Family and Their Potential Roles in Seed Germination and Drought Stress Responses
Authors: Chen Guanlong , Chen Shaona , Peng Zepeng , Zou Zhirou , Cheng Bangyi , Wan Xiaorong , Zheng Zhao , Yang Bin
Published: February 2025

Pyruvate kinase (PK), a pivotal enzyme in glycolysis, serves as a multifunctional regulator of plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. Despite its significance, the functional roles of PKs in peanut remain largely unexplored. Here, we performed a genome-wide identification and systematic characterization of PK genes in cultivated peanut, identifying 21 AhPK genes (AhPK1–AhPK21). Phylogenetic classification divided these genes into two subfamilies: PKc (comprising PKc-1 and PKc-2 subgroups) and PKp (comprising PKp-α and PKp-β subgroups). AhPK members within the same subfamily shared similar motif composition patterns, while genes from different subgroups showed significantly different exon–intron organizations. Collinearity analysis indicated that segmental duplication events and purifying selection predominantly drove the expansion and evolution of the AhPK family. Evolutionary analysis further indicated closer evolutionary relationships between peanut PKs and those of Arabidopsis than with rice. Predicted protein interaction networks suggested that AhPKs can form polymeric protein complexes (e.g., PKp-α and PKp-β) or interact with some important proteins, including FBA4, F14O13.7, APY, DLD, and T16L4.190. Promoter analysis identified abundant cis-regulatory elements associated with light responses, stress responses, hormone responses, and development. Expression pattern analysis demonstrated the significant induction of multiple AhPK genes during seed germination and under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress or abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Collectively, these findings provide critical insights into the functional roles of AhPK genes in seed germination and drought stress responses, establishing a foundation for future mechanistic studies.
4SIM: A Novel Description Model for the Ternary Spatial Relation “Between” of Buildings
Authors: Zhang Hanxue , Gong Xianyong , Liu Chengyi , Wu Fang , Qiu Yue , Wang Andong , Qi Yuyang
Published: February 2025

Natural language spatial relations are often ambiguous and polysemic. They are also pluralistic and subjective in nature. Their descriptive methods are crucial but difficult in cartography, geographic information science, and map generalization. “Between” is a context-concerned spatial concept which is widely used to describe the arrangement of spatial objects. It involves the spatial distribution of at least three spatial objects and describes a scenario in which one (or more) object(s) is surrounded by objects on both sides. Existing models based on RCC and the n-intersection model are mainly used to describe binary spatial logic and are inadequate in describing the “between” ternary relation effectively. At present, although existing models can describe and reason about such ternary spatial relations, their limitations still exist. The description capability of ternary spatial relations is unspecific and polysemic, and certain results are inconsistent with spatial cognition and perception and application requirements. Therefore, this paper proposes a 4 Sides Intersection Model (4SIM) to express the spatial relation among ternary buildings in detail. Theoretically, 4SIM can effectively describe 45 spatial relations among ternary objects through the topological distances among the four boundaries of the region formed by the intermediate object and the two adjacent objects. The 4SIM has been demonstrated to offer a superior degree of accuracy in the depiction of spatial relations in comparison to the extant RIM method, thus providing new possibilities for map generalization.