bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms for Data Acquisition to Train Artificial Intelligence Models for Detecting Increased Susceptibility to Fire Situations by Using Internet of Things Devices and Satellite Systems
Authors: Dawid Jurczyński  , Paweł Buchwald
Published: September 2024

Aim: Exploration and developing mechanisms of advanced data acquisition necessary for training an artificial intelligence model capable of effectively detecting areas with increased susceptibility to fire situations. The study focuses on utilizing data from satellite missions and ground-based sensors, which provide both high-resolution imagery and precise data on temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors. By analysing these diverse data sources, the research aims to create a comprehensive and efficient model capable of early detection of potential fire hazards, which is crucial for prevention for fire-prone situations. Project and methods: It centres on a project that aims to enhance fire detection and management through the integration of artificial intelligence with data acquired from satellite systems and internet of things devices. The methodologies employed in this project involve a combination of advanced data acquisition, machine learning techniques, and the synthesis of diverse environmental data to train artificial intelligence models that can predict and detect fire incidents more effectively. Results: Significant advancements in fire detection and management have been demonstrated through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with satellite data and IoT: 1. Enhanced monitoring capabilities the use of satellite data systems enabled real-time monitoring of thermal anomalies and vegetation health, crucial for early detection and effective monitoring of wildfires. This real-time capability allowed for quicker responses and more informed decision-making in firefighting efforts. 2. Effective integration of data sources: the integration of satellite and surface data proved to be effective in enhancing the predictive capabilities of the fire management systems. This comprehensive approach allowed for a better understanding of fire dynamics and contributed to more accurate and timely predictions. Conclusions: It could be emphasize the significant benefits and future potential of integrating artificial intelligence with satellite and internet of things data for improving fire detection and management. The integration of satellite imagery and internet of things sensor data is essential for enhancing the predictive accuracy of artificial intelligence systems. This integration allows for a comprehensive assessment of fire risks, providing actionable intelligence that is critical for prevention for fire-prone situations. These conclusions underscore the transformative potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing fire management systems. Keywords: data acquisition, artificial intelligence, IoT, satellite data systems, fire management systems
The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Equipped with a Thermal Imaging Camera in the Activities of the Fire Service in Poland. Suggested Parameters and Settings
Authors: Maciej Zawistowski  , Mikołaj Car  , Tomasz Kłoczewiak
Published: September 2024

Aim: The aim of this article is to present the current use and potential solutions for using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with thermal imaging cameras in firefighting operations. In addition, the article suggests optimal parameters and settings for thermal imaging cameras, which can significantly increase the efficiency and safety of rescue operations. Introduction: Modern technology is providing new tools to support emergency services. One of the latest developments is using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, in firefighting operations. These advanced devices are revolutionising the methods by which firefighters assess and manage emergencies. Of great importance for the potential use of UAVs are the sensors mounted on them, such as thermal imaging cameras. They register the infrared radiation emitted by objects, allowing precise identification of heat sources even in conditions of limited visibility, such as smoke or darkness. Drones equipped in this manner are becoming an indispensable tool in rescue operations, searching for missing persons, assessing the condition and development of fires or inspecting hydraulic infrastructure. Methodology: The article discusses technical issues related to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in firefighting operations. In developing the article, the authors used their own experience, a review of literature sources on the subject and expert interviews. Conclusions: The contemporary challenges of the Fire Service require modern solutions. The integration of drones with thermal imaging cameras creates opportunities to make rescues more efficient and safer. The article presents examples of how thermal imaging cameras are used in the fire service Keywords: termovisual camera, fire service, unmanned aerial vehicle
Formal and Legal Analysis of the Issues Related to the Placing on the Market and using Fire Pumps and Pump Kits
Authors: Mateusz Szostak  , Michał Chmiel  , Tomasz Popielarczyk
Published: September 2024

Aim: The aim of this article is to present the existing formal and legal conditions related to the placing on the market and using in the national market of pumps and pump kits – both fire pumps and those intended for firefighting water supply systems. The paper also discusses other selected regulations relating to the product group in question. In addition, an issue not arising from the construction regulations, but equally important in terms of ensuring an adequate level of safety in buildings, was raised, i.e. the admittance of control panels for firefighting equipment (in this case pumps), which can form an integral part of the pump kits in question. The results of the analysis can also be applied to other selected products in the area of fire protection and the requirements that these products must meet before they can be placed on the market and put into use. Introduction: Fire water systems are among the most commonly used fire extinguishing systems in buildings. Despite their popularity, quite often investors, designers and users of buildings, as well as the manufacturers of pump kits themselves, have doubts about the requirements for placing these products on the market. The authors’ discussion of the current requirements is intended to consolidate knowledge in this area, clarify the marketing of construction products and resolve possible doubts. Methodology: The publication uses the results of the authors’ own analysis on the basis of the interpretation of the legislation, as well as available normative and literature sources. Conclusions: The analysis shows that fire pumps and pump kits are covered by the obligation to carry out national assessment and verification of constancy of performance in system 1 and to draw up a national declaration of performance as well as to mark the product with a construction mark (before placing it on the market or making it available on the national market). Moreover, from 1 January 2021, the obligation under consideration was extended to pumps for fire water supply systems, and from 1 July 2022 also to pump kits for fire water supply systems. Furthermore, it was pointed out that the sub-assembly acting as the control panel for the firefighting equipment, insofar as it is present in the pump kits in question, is also subject to admittance Keywords: fire pumps, pumps for firefighting water supply systems, “B” construction mark, national technical assessment
Appendiceal bleeding, a rare yet important cause of lower gastrointestinal bleed
Authors: Tabcheh Ayman , Salem Johny , Zodeh Karim , Ghazale Ammar
Published: September 2024

Background: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding accounts for 20 to 25% of all gastrointestinal bleedings. Appendiceal bleeding is a rare, yet important cause of lower gastrointestinal bleed; in many cases, it can be misdiagnosed as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Here, we present a case of appendiceal bleeding in an elderly female. Case description: A 79-year-old female presented with acute onset of gastrointestinal bleeding of same-day duration. Investigations showed that she had an appendiceal bleed originating from an ulcer secondary to a small appendicolith, which has passed through the appendiceal orifice, combined with her aspirin use. Within 12 hours, a laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. No evidence of malignancy or vascular malformation was detected, and the post-operative course was smooth, with resultant discharge at day 3 after her surgery. Discussion: For lower gastrointestinal bleeding, it is crucial for the endoscopist to reach the terminal ileum during the colonoscopy, and thoroughly inspect the orifice of the appendix to assess any source of bleed including but not limited to Dieulafoy’s lesion, angiodysplasia or any vascular malformation. An effective treatment option for appendiceal bleeding is surgical management with appendectomy. Alternative approaches such as vessel embolization and endoscopic treatment have been reported to successfully control bleeding; nevertheless, the risk of acute appendicitis and recurrent bleeding following these procedures can be challenging to manage, potentially leading the patient to still need a surgical treatment with an appendectomy.
DIPNECH: a rare cause of slow-growing pulmonary nodules in a dyspnoeic patient with a history of breast cancer
Authors: Cassar Peter , Buhagiar Dione , Gauci Jonathan , Bartolo Kyra , Mizzi Adrian , Mallia Andrew , Micallef Josef
Published: September 2024

A middle-aged woman undergoing a computed tomography scan while being investigated for a retrosternal goitre, was found to have several solid intrapulmonary nodules of varying sizes with mosaic attenuation of lung parenchyma. After serial radiology follow-up, a radiologist with a special interest in thoracic imaging made the tentative diagnosis of diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) during discussions at the local multidisciplinary team meeting. Radionuclide imaging was performed to assist in reaching a diagnosis. Uptake of DOTATATE by the pulmonary nodules on a background of mosaic attenuation pattern supported a diagnosis of DIPNECH. Potential secondary metastatic disease from previous breast malignancy confounded a possible earlier diagnosis of DIPNECH, with subsequent diagnostic imaging modalities leading to the rare diagnosis. The patient was treated symptomatically with oral steroids with no improvement, and subsequently with octreotide which significantly improved her condition.
Coexistence of HHV-8-associated plasmacytic multicentric Castleman disease, Kaposi’s sarcoma, and multiple myeloma in a HIV-negative patient
Authors: Ismayilov Rashad , Cinar Olgu Erkin , Ozdede Murat , Ozogul Ece , Malkan Umit Yavuz , Uner Aysegul , Gullu Ibrahim Halil
Published: September 2024

Background: Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a rare, aggressive lymphoproliferative disorder. Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) has an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease and its association with Kaposi’s sarcoma has been reported, especially in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this report, we present the case of HHV-8 positive MCD accompanied by Kaposi’s sarcoma and multiple myeloma in an HIV-negative patient. Case Report: A 78-year-old man with Kaposi’s sarcoma presented with B symptoms, pancytopenia, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. The bone marrow biopsy demonstrated 70% lambda-restricted monotypic plasma cell infiltration consistent with plasma dyscrasia. Also, the patient was diagnosed with HHV-8 positive MCD as a result of inguinal lymph node excisional biopsy. Treatment was initiated including ganciclovir and methylprednisolone and followed by rituximab. The patient passed away at the 24th hour of rituximab infusion due to shock. Conclusions: MCD and associated malignancies are difficult to treat and have a poor prognosis. More studies and data are needed to manage these patients.
A Study on the Relationship between Ego-states and Self-esteem for nursing cadets by Ego-gram
Authors: Lee Ji Young
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between Ego-states and Self-esteem of nursing cadets by TA(Transactional Analysis) Ego-gram.The questions of this study were as follows :1. Are there any difference of Ego-states and Self-esteem among nursing cadets by 4 school years?2. Are there significant correlations between Ego-states and Self-esteem of nursing cadets?3. Are there any difference between high Egostates and low Ego-states in Self-esteem?The subjects of this study were 300 female nurs ing cadets. As the measuring instruments, Egogram checklist and Self-esteem inventory were administered. The collected data were verified by statistical methods such as Pearson’s correlation co efficient, t -test.The results of this study were as follows :1. The type of Ego-states profile was gentle slope M type and there were differences among nursing cadets by 4 school years in Ego-states(A Ego-state : F=2.7919, p<.05, FC Ego-state :F=6,2417,p<.001).2. There were significant correlations between Ego-states and Self-esteem of nursing cadets (A Ego-state : r=.4658, FC Ego-state : r=.3911, NP Ego-state : r=.3647, CP Ego-state : r=.1989, AC Ego-state : r= —.4604).3. There were differences between high Ego-states and low Ego-states in Self-esteem (A Egostate : t=6.21, p<.001, FC Ego-state : t—4.06, p<.001, AC Ego-state : t=-6.48, p<.001, NP Ego-state : t=3.88, p<.001).
Public Attitude and Opinion Toward Mental Illness in Cheju, Korea
Authors: Jung Min
Published: September 2024

This study was attempted to describe the public attitude and opinion toward mental illness in Cheju, Korea. The subjects were 129 adults residing in Che judo. Structural interview was used to ask about attitudes, opinions toward mental illness or mentally ill persons.Opinions about the signs of mental illness were divided 6 categories : bizarre behavior (47.4%), aggressive behavior(16.4%), withrawal (17.7%), inadequate thought (8.6%), inadequate emotion(4.3%), others (5.6%).Opinions about the cause of mental illness were divided 3 categories : sociopsychological (59.9%), supernatural (18.8%), physical (16.9%).Opinions about the treatment of mental illness were divided 6 categories ; folk psychological (36.8%), supernatural(28%), modern psychiatric (26.1%), other folk(3.9%), primitive medicine (1.7%), others(3.4%).Prognostic outlooks of mental illness were generally pessimistic.Attitudes about mentally ill person were divided 6 categories : pity(43.6%), unwellness( 21%), fear (14.9%), fear and pity(10.2%), curosity(7.1%), indifference (3.1%).66.9% of the subjects would feel shameful, if one of their family members were mentally ill, and also 65.4% of the subjects would not frankly their friends know this fact. 62% of the subjects preferred home treatment to hospital treatment and 60.9% of the subjects regard psychiatric hospital to be the place in which mentally ill patients are confined and gen erally attitudes for the open ward policy of mental hospital was negative.Considering the results in view of cheju community mental health, positive and humanistic attitudes would have favorable aspects in spreading the movement of community mental health with acceptable atmosphere for the improved patients. On the contrary the prejudice toward mental illness, family member's shame, supernatural illness concept, and negative response to the therapeutic function of mental hospital would result in a difficult social atmosphere in detecting patients and pursuing adequate treatment.
A study of relationship between health promoting behavior and quality of life in the elderly
Authors: Park Eun Sook , Kim Soon Ja , Kim So In , Chun Young Ja , Lee Pyoung Sook , Kim HaengJa , Han Kuem Sun
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between health promoting behavior and quality of life to provide the basic data for health promoting intervention in order to improve quality of life in the elderly.The subjects of this study were 571 elderly person over the age of 65, living in Seoul, Korea, during the period from November, 1997 to January, 1998.The instrument for this study were the health promoting behavoir scale developed by Walker et al.(1987) and the quality of life scale by 노유자(1988).The instruments for this study were pretested for reliability and validity.The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA.The results of this study were as follows :1. The average score of health promoting behavoir is 2.65(in 4 point scale) and the average score of quality of life is 3.44(in 5 point scale).2. There is a positive correlation between health promoting behavior and quality of life in the elderly(r=.48, p<.001) 3. Health promoting behavior showed significant difference according to residential area, sex, age, marital status, educational level, religion, occupation in past, occupation in present, number of daughter, type of family, economic status, pres ent illness, duration of illness. 4. The quality of life showed significant difference according to residential area, sex, marital status, educational level, religion, occupation in past, oc cupation in present, type of family, economic status, present illness, duration of illness.From the result of the study, recommendation is presented as follow :1. It is suggested to research of factors influencing on health promoting behavior and quality of life in the elderly.2. It is suggested to develop health promoting program for improving quality of life in the elderly.
A Study of the Autonomy and Professional Self Concept of Clinical Nurses
Authors: Kim Hyun Mi
Published: September 2024

This study was attempted to identify the autonomy and professional self concept of clinical nurses.This study was carried out with 410 nurses who are working at 4 general hospitals located in Daegu and Pusan, Korea, from July 7 to September 12, 1997. This study used the systematized questionnaires which contain 7 questions about general characteristics, Schutzenhofer's Professional Autonomy Scale and Arthur’s Professional Self-Concept of Nurses Instrument.By using the SPSS /PC program, this study obtained the real number and percentage for the general characteristics of the subjects, and mean and standard variation for the degree of autonomy and professional self concept of clinical nurses. The correlation between each variables was identified on the basis of the Pearson Correlations, and the degree of autonomy and professional self concept of the subjects were analyzed by using the t—test, ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test.The results of this study were summarized as follows.1) It was shown that the degree of the subjects’ autonomy is, on an average, 159.05. This score means mid level of autonomy. The average score of professional self concept was 69.46. Also, this score means mid level of professional self concept.2) The correlation between autonomy and pro fessional self concept of subjects showed normal correlation(r=.3740, p=.001) : the higher the degree of autonomy, the higher the degree of professional self concept.3) The relationship between general characteristics and the degree of autonomy showed a significant difference in regard to the age, the marital status, educatioal level, the period of nursing career and the state of position. The score of autonomy by age was highest 41 years old or more, while the lowest was for 26—30 years old(F=3.52, P=.OO8). The score of autonomy of a married nurse was higher than an unmarried (y =—2.97, P=.OO3). The score of autonomy by the period of nursing career was highest 9 years or more, the lowest was for 3—6 years(F=3.90, P=.OO9).Also, the higher the educational level (F= 11.66, P=.000) and the state of position(t=—2.00, P= .049), the higher the score of professional autonomy.But there were no significant difference in regard to the religion and the field of work.4) The relationship between general characteristics and the professional self concept showed a signifi cant difference in regard to the age(F=6.47, P= .000》，the marital status(t=-2.77, P=.OO6), educatioal level(F=7.35, P=.001), the period of nursing career (F=3.81, P.010) and the state of position(t=-2.51, P=.013). But there were no significant difference in regard to the religion and the field of work.In conclusion, this study suggested that we need to developed the program improving autonomy and professional self concept of clinical nurses.
A Case Management Practice Model Focused on the Health Center for Patients with Chronic Mental Illness
Authors: Lee Chung Sook , Bae Kang Sook , Kim Hwa Soon , Son Hyang Song
Published: September 2024

The enterprise object of me nt al health care of the twenty first century is an individual being, a family, and a community: and mental health care is not only to provide comprehensive heal' h care services but also to emphasize not disease treatment but health niaintenance, promotion, disease prevention and rehabilitation. Also mental health care puts emphasis on the direct participation of the clients in their health choice. The Mental Health Acts established in 1995 prescribe that the nation and the local autonomous entity must take charge of the finding of the patients with mental illness, counseling, medical consult and the management of arsons with chronic mental illness who returned to the social rehabili tation through the health center.In this si y has been suffering a bitter pain of IMF, and now il pursues new change.Therefore in order to act up to this, the establishment of innovative health policies, health service of higher quality and cost effectiveness are required. The health center now begins mental health services, and tries to develop practice models and to fix them which will be able to provide comprehensive and continuous services for the offer of good quality of services, cost effectiveness, and relapse prevention. The case management provides comprehensive health care for the patients with chronic mental illness as well as effective methods that can bring deep satisfaction of clients for the services, rehospitalization prevention, and the decrease of expenses. On this assumption, this study looked over general concept and model about case management, the goal and content oi mental health project based on mental health acts within the health center: and developed case management practice models which could be suitable for specific quality of this community: and identified the roles of men tal health nurses who work in the health center as a case manager. This practice niodel was modified and revised through one year's model enterprise, and so it will be expected to be helpful as a practice guide in the accomplishment of menial health project in the health center.
Comparative Analysis of the extent of Interest, Exposure and Modelling to Media Violence and Pornography between Student adolescents and Delinquent adolescents in Korea
Authors: Kim Hyun Sil
Published: September 2024

The present study was intended to investigate the differences of the extent of interest, exposure, modelling impulsiveness and modelling of the media viol ence and pornography between student adolescents and delinquent adolescents in Korea, and to develope therapeutic and preventive strategies for preventing juvenile delinquent behavior influenced by media violence.The research design of this smdy was a questionnaire survey over a period of 2 rrionths.Subjects served for this study consisted of 810 adolescents including 410 student adolescents and 400 delinquent adolescents in Korea, sampled from Korean student populations and delinquent adolescent populations confined in juvenile corrective institutions, using nonproportlonal random sampling method.Data were analysed by the S AS program.Statistical methods employed were Chi - square.The results of this study were as follows : .1. Delinquent adolescents have the higher viewing time of T. V. and video in weekdays, weekend and holiday than student adolescents.2. Delinquent adolescents have the higher viewing time of video movie in video room than student adolescents.3. Delinquents adolescents have the higher extent of interest in violence and war films, whereas student adolescents have the higher extent of interest in entertainment and comedy.4. Delinquent adolescents revealed the more excitement and the higher extent of modelling and mod elling impulsiveness after viewing pornography than student adolescents.5. Delinquent adolescents show the higher exposure of computer game, violent ant horror movie and pornography per 1 day than student adolescents.6. Delinquent adolescents show the higher viewing time video movie at video room per 1 day than student adolescents.In summarized conclusions, it was found that delinquent adolescents have the higher extent of interest in and exposure and modelling im pulsiveness and modelling to media violence, war films and pornography than students adolescents.Therefore, the authors suggests that establish rnent of therapeutic and preventive program based on community for deal with juvenile delinquency influenced by mass media are needed.
The Effect of Community Based Mental Health Rehabilitation Program on Perceived Family Support of Mentally Ill Patients
Authors: Won Jung Sook , Cho Hee
Published: September 2024

This study was designed to determine the effects of community based mental health rehabilitation program on perceived family support of mentally ill patients.Quasi experimental design, single group repeated measure, was used to carry out the resear The subjects were consisted of 26 chronic men tally ill patients who lived with their family members in the community and participated in community based mental health rehabilitation program of Seungbuk Public Health Center.The instruments used for this study was 20 items of family support scale, which was developed by Ji Won Park (1985) and revised by the researchers to 5 likert type scale.The data were gathered from August 1. 1996 to August 31. 1997, and analyzed using paired t-test and one way ANOVA with SPSS PC.The results of this study were as follow :The main hypothesis ‘There will be differences •:n the score of perceived family support measured by (six month intervals) of mentally ill patients participated in the community based mental helath rehabilitation program* was rejected(F=3.356, p = .557).The subhypothesis 1 * There will be a difference in the score of perceived family support between the first six months* : the subhypothesis 2 * There will be a difference in the score of same scale between the second six months’ : and the subhypothesis 3 'There will b a difference in the score of same scale and after 12 months of the participation in community based mental helath rehabilitation program were all rejected(t = 1.26 p=.220, t = -.49 p = .627, t=-1.49p=.149).
Using active listening in practice
Authors: Furber Lynn
Published: September 2024

Lynn Furber looks at how nurses can use this technique to set a shared agenda with patients
A Target Tracking Method Based on the Self-organizing Fuzzy Extended Kalman Filter for UAV
Authors:   Xian Yang Polytechnic Institute, Xian Yang, 711200, China, LIU Zhiyong , ZHAO Yong ,   School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytech University, Jiaozuo 454003, China, JIN Ying ,   Xian Yang Polytechnic Institute, Xian Yang, 711200, China, Wang Yulu ,   Xian Yang Polytechnic Institute, Xian Yang, 711200, China
Published: September 2024

T his paper proposed a novel approach based on integrated tracking and positioning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems. In the proposed scheme, a self-organizing fuzzy Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) system was studied to track the flight trajectory of an UAV. With this goal, the control model of the UAV system with the disturbances was established based on the dynamic equation firstly. Secondly, the self-organizing Fuzzy EKF system was designed to identify and estimate the errors of the UAV position adaptively. And then, the trajectory tracking control was determined for the UAV according to the obtained errors. Finally, the proposed strategy was applied to a UAV to demonstrate the effectiveness.
Responses of Khao Dawk Mali 105 and Pathum Thani 1 Rice to Different Soil Moisture Regimes on Physiological Traits and Productivity
Authors:   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Pairintra, Saranyapath , Wonprasaid Sodchol ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Machikowa Thitiporn ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Published: September 2024

Khao Da wk Mali 105 (KDML105) and Pathum Thani 1 (PTT1) are two popular rice cultivars in Thailand; KDML105 is known for its unique texture and fragrance and PTT1 for its high yield and ability to be grown year-round in various conditions. This research aimed to (1) study the morphological and physiological processes of two rice cultivars KDML105 and PTT1 under six levels of soil moisture including 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70% available water holding capacity (AWHC) in clay soil and sandy clay loam soil (SCL); (2) identify the critical soil moisture content (CMC) using the physiological response to drought. All physiological traits decreased with reduced soil moisture levels across all growth stages and soil types. The 20% AWHC maximum reduced plant height (1.61-folds), predawn leaf water potential (LWPpd, 3.07-folds), net photosynthesis rate (3.26-folds), stomatal conductance (17.00-folds), chlorophyll fluorescence (1.28-folds), dry matter (2.70-folds), grain yield (3.91-folds) in flowering stage. All physiological traits positively correlated with dry matter and grain yield in both cultivars and both soils, but the highest correlation was found between LWPpd with dry matter (0.884–0.961**) and grain yield (0.790–0.936**) in PTT1, or dry matter (0.883-0.973**) and grain yield (0.818–0.945**) in KDML105. Therefore, LWPpd was used to evaluate the CMC from the linear regression between LWPpd and soil moisture contents. At the seedling stage, the CMCs of PTT1 were at 60% AWHC in both soils, while KDML105 was at 60 and 70% AWHC in clay and SCL soils, respectively. At the tillering and flowering stages, the CMCs of both cultivars were at 70% AWHC in both soils. The results indicate that CMC values vary with soil texture, rice cultivar, and growth stage. This information is crucial for optimizing irrigation practices, such as implementing alternate wetting and drying systems tailored to specific soil textures and rice cultivars.
Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of myeloid sarcoma in the oral cavity
Authors: Martínez Nieto Melissa , González Gómez Luis Antonio , Gómez Mireles Juan Carlos , Lomelí Martínez Sarah Monserrat
Published: September 2024

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of immature myeloid precursor cells outside the bone marrow. The pathogenesis of MS is complex and not completely understood. Moreover, it develops in any extramedullary site of the body. In this editorial, we discuss the article published by Li et al , which presents a clinical case involving a 32-year-old man who exhibited gingival inflammation in the maxillary region. It was initially diagnosed as periodontal disease. However, clinical evaluation revealed a firm, grayish-white mass which underscored the need for comprehensive diagnostics to distinguish MS from other oral conditions. This article emphasizes the different clinical presentations of similar case studies in the literature, and highlights the difficulty in diagnosing oral MS due to its rarity and variability in clinical manifestation. The treatment of MS depends on the clinical presentation, tumor location, and the patient's response to conventional therapies. The various therapeutic options currently available are analyzed and discussed. Early intervention and multidisciplinary management are crucial for improving treatment outcomes. Increased awareness and education about the various clinical presentations of MS lead to earlier diagnosis and timely treatment, thereby enhancing patients' survival and quality of life. Continued research is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies and addressing the challenges presented by this rare neoplasm.
Ideals and Reality of Public Health Nursing in Korea: Influence of U.S. Nurse Advisors, 1945~1961
Authors: YI Kyunghee , JUNG Junho
Published: September 2024

South Korea’s national healthcare system after liberation often described as transformation from ‘sanitation’ to ‘public health’. The U.S. military government introduced public health nursing as the primary vehicle for communicating the newly introduced concept of public health to the Korean public. This meant that nursing, which had been in a subordinate position within the healthcare system during the Japanese occupation, had to be repositioned within the healthcare system as an independent and leading professional agent of healthcare. At the same time creating positions for public health nurses within the newly envisioned health center system, and convincing the public that nurses were the primary agents of public health activities. Yet, in resource limited setting, the role of public health nurses was significantly scaled back. Initial plans for institutionalized, community-wide health care through home visits shifted to addressing the challenges facing Korean society, including maternal and child health and infectious disease prevention. Ironically, the expansion of health centers during late 1950s diminished the position of public health nurses within local government health systems, who were gradually replaced by male administrative staff. The role of public health nurses was greatly curtailed in the 1960s, but they laid the groundwork for later community nursing and health care efforts. At the same time, public health nurses were assigned with new role of ‘visiting’ local health centers for observation, education, and management. Public health nursing allows to look beyond the ideological and institutional dimensions to examine how new concepts and practices of “public health” were actually transmitted to communities in post-liberation Korea.
Are We Depleted of Research Questions in Regional Anaesthesia?
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology, AIIMS, Bathinda, Punjab, India, Grewal Anju , Pruthi Gegal ,   Department of Anaesthesiology, AIIMS, Bathinda, Punjab, India, Tamilchelva Hemanthkumar ,   Department of Anaesthesiology, AIIMS, Bathinda, Punjab, India
Published: September 2024

Regional anaesthesia has significantly evolved, shaping pain management in surgery. This article examines whether research question in this field are becoming exhausted, or if new avenues remain unexplored. Key trends include the integration of ultrasound guidance for precision, optimizing drug combinations for enhanced safety and efficacy, and focusing on patient-concerned outcomes to improve satisfaction and recovery. Tailored approaches for special populations and long-term safety studies are also crucial. Future research may explore innovations in drug delivery, novel local anaesthetic adjuncts, neurostimulation techniques, global access, interdisciplinary collaborations, and the application of artificial intelligence. Emphasizing simplicity, innovation, and patient centric care will ensure continued progress in regional anaesthesia, fostering advancement that enhance both scientific knowledge and clinical practices. Keywords: Pain management, Regional anaesthesia, Research trends
Exit pupil uniformity improvement of holographic waveguide displays based on a genetic algorithm
Authors: Feng Qibin , Guo Yusong , Zheng Chen , Guo Min , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang
Published: September 2024

Waveguide displays based on a volume
holographic grating (VHG) have the benefit of expanding the exit
pupil. Exit pupil size and
exit pupil uniformity are two
important indicators of waveguide displays. Most current optimizations
for exit pupil uniformity are based on the central viewing angle.
However, this does not ensure satisfied exit pupil uniformity for
other viewing angles. In this paper, a method based on a genetic
algorithm to optimize the exit pupil uniformity under the whole
horizontal field of view (HFOV) is proposed. First, the
ray-tracing-based mathematical model to analyze the uniformity of the
whole HFOV at all wavelengths is established. Based on the
mathematical model, the objective function can be defined, which can
optimize the refractive index modulation distribution on several
regions of the out-coupling VHG. The simulation results show that for
a holographic waveguide display with the exit pupil size of 16mm×12mm, the average exit pupil uniformity
can reach 86.87% at a diagonal field of view (DFOV) of 30°, a 9.16%
improvement over the previous method. The genetic-algorithm-based
method proposed in the paper can effectively improve the exit pupil
uniformity.
SLIM-assisted automatic cartography of cell death types and rates resulting from localized photodynamic treatment
Authors: Belashov A. V. , Zhikhoreva A. A. , Salova A. V. , Belyaeva T. N. , Litvinov I. K. , Kornilova E. S. , Semenova I. V.
Published: September 2024

We report a spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM)-based methodology aimed at
automatic monitoring and analysis of changes in cellular morphology
within extended fields of view in cytological samples. The
experimental validation was performed on HeLa cells in vitro subjected to localized photodynamic
treatment. The performed long-term noninvasive monitoring using the
SLIM technique allowed us to estimate quantitative parameters
characterizing the dynamics of average phase shift in individual cells
and to reveal changes in their morphology specific for different
mechanisms of cell death. The results obtained evidenced that the
proposed SLIM-based methodology provides an opportunity for
identification of cell death type and quantification of cell death
rate in an automatic mode. The major sources of potential errors that
can affect the results obtained are discussed. The developed
methodology is promising for automatic monitoring of large ensembles
of individual cells and for quantitative characterization of their
response to various treatment modalities.
Cooling film’s suppressive effects on infrared system’s radiation noise in aero-thermal environment
Authors: Wang Shushen , Ding Hao , Tian Lifeng
Published: September 2024

Infrared imaging systems are crucial for guidance in supersonic vehicles due to all-weather capability, high resolution and high sensitivity. However, the imaging quality can be significantly impaired by aerodynamic thermal radiation noise. This paper incorporates cooling film that effectively eliminates the interference originating from supersonic thermal environments. A radiative transfer calculation framework that utilizes a high resolution line-by-line method for precise computation of radiative transfer from the target to the sensors of the imaging system is proposed. Heat flux across individual pixels indicates that the optical window serves as the primary source of interference within the 3 to 5 µm range. Additionally, the implementation of a cooling film significantly diminishes radiation noise, reducing interferences originating from both the optical window and the shock layer by an order of magnitude. Spectral analysis of the pixel’s heat flux underscores the pivotal roles of CO2 and H2O in the absorption and emission processes within radiative transfer, thereby complicating the observations of remote sensing. Contrasting with the traditional spectral band model, our methodology affords wavelength-specific visualization of radiative intensities for both target and interference signals. This enhanced spectral resolution provides a foundational reference for significant enhancements in both the clarity and accuracy of the imaging system.
Perfluorocarbons: a material platform for tunable nonlinear frequency conversion in liquid filled suspended core fibers
Authors: Hofmann Johannes , Huang Wenqin , Wieduwilt Torsten , Schneidewind Henrik , Frosz Michael H. , Schmidt Markus A.
Published: September 2024

This study investigates supercontinuum generation in suspended core fibers filled with perfluorocarbons, highlighting their potential for ultrafast nonlinear frequency conversion. Spectroscopic absorption and refractive index dispersions are analyzed for three perfluorocarbons in the visible and near-infrared. Experiments show that the insertion of these liquids into suspended core fibers changes the dispersion landscape, enabling broadband soliton-based supercontinuum generation from 0.6 µm to 2.4 µm due to the creation of a confined domain of anomalous dispersion in the telecom range. In addition, temperature-dependent output spectrum modulation is demonstrated, highlighting the utility of the platform in photonic applications such as spectroscopy, sensing, and microscopy.
Dual-frequency-comb UV spectroscopy with one million resolved comb lines
Authors: Muraviev Andrey , Konnov Dmitrii , Vasilyev Sergey , Vodopyanov Konstantin L.
Published: September 2024

We present high-resolution dual-comb spectroscopy across two broad UV
spectral regions spanning 372–410 nm and 325–342 nm.
This is achieved by generating sixth and seventh harmonics,
respectively, from a low-noise 2.35 µm Cr:ZnS dual-comb laser
system. The sixth harmonic band contains approximately 1,000,000
spectrally resolved comb lines, while the seventh harmonic band—around
550,000 comb lines. With the line spacing of 80 MHz, this
corresponds to a resolving power of up to 10 million, offering
remarkable spectral resolution.
Optimization of crystal length in pulse-pumped up-conversion single-photon detector for decoding femtosecond time-bin qubits
Authors: Kochi Yuta , Kurimura Sunao , Ishi-Hayase Junko
Published: September 2024

In advancing ultrafast quantum communication and computing, it is crucial to develop precise time-resolved measurement techniques for single-photon pulses. However, the measurement of photonic qubits, especially time-bin qubits, is limited by the temporal resolution of single-photon detectors, typically around tens of picoseconds. In this study, we developed a pulse-pumped up-conversion single-photon detector (UCSPD) using periodically poled Mg-doped stoichiometric lithium tantalate (PPMg:SLT) crystals of varying lengths to optimize femtosecond up-conversion. We evaluated the UCSPD’s efficiency and temporal resolution using a convolution model that accounts for group delay in nonlinear crystals. Our results demonstrate that the model calculations enable the accurate prediction of the crystal length dependence of temporal resolution and up-conversion efficiency without fitting parameters. The UCSPD achieved 415 fs resolution and 10.1 \% efficiency with a 2 mm crystal, enabling successful characterization of time-bin qubits with 800 fs pulse intervals.
Human Ascaris infection is associated with higher frequencies of IL-10 producing B cells
Authors: Zakzuk Josefina , Lopez Juan F. , Akdis Cezmi , Caraballo Luis , Akdis Mübeccel , van de Veen Willem
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Ascaris lumbricoides has dual effects on the immune system of infected hosts. The IgE response to this parasite has been thoroughly studied, but little is known about cellular responses induced by infection. This study aims to explore the interplay between A. lumbricoides infection and B cell responses, especially B regulatory cells.

Methods

Participants from Santa Catalina, Bolívar, Colombia, a helminth-endemic town, were screened for soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) using stool examinations. Eighteen A. lumbricoides-infected and 11 non-infected subjects were selected. Blood samples were analyzed for Breg cells and related cytokines, and immunoglobulins specific to the A. lumbricoides excretory/secretory product, ABA-1.

Results

Infected subjects exhibited higher frequencies of Breg cells, especially those with a higher A. lumbricoides egg burden. Higher frequencies of different Breg subsets were observed in infected individuals, with CD25+CD71+CD73- B cells being notably increased in strongly infected individuals. Additionally, A. lumbricoides infection was associated with reduced levels of circulating ABA-1-specific IgG1 and IgE. IL-10+ B cell frequencies correlated inversely with ABA-1-specific IgE.

Conclusions

A. lumbricoides infection has a significant impact on the immune response, particularly on Breg cell populations and antibody responses. Our findings suggest that A. lumbricoides infection mediates a dose-dependent immunosuppressive response characterized by an increase in Breg cells and concomitant suppression of ABA-1-specific humoral responses.
Performance characteristics of STANDARD Q Filariasis Antigen test (QFAT) to detect filarial antigens of Wuchereria bancrofti in the field
Authors: Dinesh Raja Jeyapal , Krishnamoorthy Kaliannagounder , Dhanalakshmi Rajendran , Jency Priskilla Johnson , Azad Palappurath Maliyakkal , Hoti Sugeerappa Laxmanappa , Kumar Ashwani
Published: September 2024

Background

Mapping, monitoring, and evaluation of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) rely on high-throughput diagnostics. While the WHO-recommended Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) is widely used to evaluate the programme, its use is limited by some technical and operational issues. We evaluated the performance characteristics of Q Filariasis Antigen Test (QFAT) compared to FTS for detecting Wuchereria bancrofti filarial antigen in the field.

Methods

The QFAT and FTS kits were tested simultaneously for circulating filarial antigen (CFA) during an epidemiological monitoring survey (EMS) in two blocks of a filariasis endemic district in Karnataka, India, as a part of evaluation of the filariasis elimination programme with three drugs (Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine, and Albendazole-IDA). Blocks are considered as the evaluation unit as per the revised national guidelines. Two sentinel and one random site from each block with a sample size of 300 individuals aged ≥20 years were selected for the EMS. The field evaluation of the new kit was carried out in the four sentinel sites. Positive tests with either FTS or QFAT or both were tested for microfilaria (Mf) using night blood samples. The performance of the tests was compared in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. The percentage agreement between the tests was verified using Cohen’s kappa statistics (k), with a P value of less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance.

Findings

A total of 1227 individuals were tested for CFA using both the QFAT and FTS tests. The QFAT test detected 299 positive individuals at the end of 10 minutes, while the FTS detected 310 positives. The QFAT showed high sensitivity (95.5%), specificity (99.7%), positive predictive value (99.0%), and negative predictive value (98.5%), and the results were in near perfect agreement with those of the FTS (k = 0.97, P <0.001) when the results were read at 10 minutes. There were 17 discordant results that were positive according to either one of the tests. Both antigen tests were positive for all 68 microfilaria-positive samples. None of the QFAT tests were invalid, while three FTS tests were invalid due to non-flow on the test pad. There was no cross-reactivity of the QFAT with Brugia malayi-positive samples (n = 5). The feedback from the technicians indicates that QFAT tests were easier to perform compared to FTS in the field.

Conclusions

The Q filariasis antigen test is a promising tool for detecting the Wuchereria bancrofti antigen. The kits may be further validated for the review of Diagnostic Technical Advisory Group for Neglected Tropical Diseases (DTAG), to be recommended for the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF).