bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN ATAS KEBUTUHAN LP KHUSUS BAGI NARAPIDANA KASUS KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Edy Nugroho F.H.
Published: March 2017

This article aims to study the necessity of special rehabilitation institutes for criminals of corruption cases. The placement for criminals of corruption cases in a special prisons (a rehabilitation institute) is a development punisment in Indonesia. It is very important because they have special characteristics. They also need special guidance and supervision different with the others criminals. The development of special rehabilitation institutes for them make control and supervision more easily than usual. It will accomplish the goals of punishment for them.  It will give sense of justice to society too.
MEMBANGUN LEGAL BASIS PENGISIAN JABATAN DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Mawarini Sukmariningsih Retno
Published: March 2017

Civil servants management at the Regional Agencies implemented by local governments in accordance with the legislation., The substance of the requirements for filling the positions (Contract Position Determination and Structural), can be set at the level of local regulations. A Civil State Apparatus in addition to unifying the nation primarily as a public servant and qualified professionals. In building the legal basis of structural filling positions, especially at the local level through the establishment of regional regulation is not easy, a fact often creates debate table because political aspects are the dominant rather than normative aspects required in forming the Government Area and the persistence of attitudes like and dislike.
PENELITIAN ILMIAH BATAS WILAYAH LAUT INDONESIA BERDASARKAN KONVENSI HUKUM LAUT PBB TAHUN 1982
Authors: Hendra Purwaka Tommy
Published: March 2017

According to UNCLOS of 1982, Indonesia has sovereignty over internal waters, archipelagic waters, and twelve nautical miles territorial sea. It has also sovereign rights over 200 nautical miles exclusive economic zones (EEZ) and continental shelves. It has not yet determined contiguous zones beyond its territorial sea. In this respect, it has duty to delimit and map maritime boundaries of its waters based on the best scientific data produced by marine scientific research. Marine scientific research, therefore, plays a very important role in the delimitation of maritime boundaries of Indonesian waters.
ANTARA UANG PENGGANTI DAN KERUGIAN NEGARA DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI
Authors: Genova Damanik Kristwan
Published: March 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui makna uang pengganti dan kerugian negara dalam tindak pidana korupsi; dan untuk mengetahui penerapan hukum pembayaran uang pengganti sebesar kerugian negara dalam tindak pidana korupsi apakah sudah tepat dan sesuai dengan asas kepastian hukum dan keadilan. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Uang pengganti adalah uang yang dibayar terdakwa sebesar harta benda yang “diperoleh atau dinikmatinya” dari tindak pidana korupsi, bukan sebesar kerugian negara yang ditimbulkannya. Penerapan hukum untuk menyatakan kerugian negara sebagai uang pengganti yang harus dibayar terdakwa tanpa didasarkan pada alat bukti adalah mencederai asas kepastian hukum dan keadilan serta hak asasi, dan merupakan kesalahan dalam penerapan hukum.
DISKRESI YUDISIAL: ANTARA KEADILAN DAN PENCITRAAN
Authors: Nurudin Agus
Published: March 2017

Dalam praktik penegakan hukum di Indonesia masih sering terjadi hakim menyimpang dari kaidah-kaidah hukum. Padahal, kaidah-kaidah hukum itulah yang seharusnya menjadi pertimbangan utama sebelum menjatuhkan putusan. Penyimpangan terhadap kaidah-kaidah hukum itu seperti kepastian hukum, kemanfaatan dan keadilan. Prasangka politik, ekonomi dan moral ikut menentukan putusan hakim. Selain itu, pemberitaan oleh media massa terhadap penanganan suatu perkara turut mempengaruhi putusan hakim. Kondisi tersebut diperparah dengan pengaruh politik pencitraan khususnya terhadap kasus-kasus korupsi. Ketika sedang menangani perkara-perkara korupsi, mind set hakim sudah terpola dengan hukuman yang seberat-beratnya dengan mengabaikan kepastian hukum, kemanfaatan dan keadilan.
OPTIMALISASI PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI BIDANG PERIZINAN
Authors: Sintha Dewi Dyah Adriantini
Published: March 2017

P di kantor pelayanan publik biasanya membutuhkan waktu yang lama. roses perolehan izin Sebaliknya Pemberian layanan publik yang baik adalah hak dari setiap warga Negara. Diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik menjadi landasan bagi pelaksana layanan publik, karena pada dasarnya birokrat adalah pelayan masyarakat. Namun, aturan untuk mewujudkan pelayanan yang baik, tidak hanya tergantung pada yang baik saja moral pelaksana. menentukan pemberian melainkan juga Hal itu keberhasilan dalam layanan publik. adanya model Sistem Pelayanan Terpadu, dapat menjadi solusi bagi Dalam praktik upaya optimalisasi layanan publi di bidang perizinan.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PROFESI DOKTER DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MEDIS
Authors: Trisnadi Setyo
Published: March 2017

Sejumlah kasus malpraktik medis baru-baru ini menjadi rubrik. Hal ini cukup memprihatinkan ketika dokter selalu terdegradasi sebagai pelaku kriminal atau dia telah digugat perihal gugatan malpraktik wanprestasi atau perbuatan melawan hukum. Perlindungan hukum profesi dokter dalam kasus malpraktik sebaiknya diterapkan terlebih dahulu hukum administratif melalui sidang MKDI, mengingat seorang dokter pemegang profesi yang memiliki kode etik. Apabila seorang dokter bersalah, maka putusan tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai alat bukti untuk perkara perdata atau pidana, sebaliknya jika dia tidak bersalah, maka dia harus dibebaskan dari segala tuntutan hukum baik administratif, perdata maupun pidana.
PRINSIP CHECKS AND BALANCES DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto
Published: March 2017

Menghindari pemusatan kekuasaan yang dapat mengarah pada kesewenang-wenangan, maka perlu diadakan pembagian kekuasaan negara. Salah satu teori pembagian kekuasaan adalah teori Montesquieu yang membagi kekuasaan negara menjadi kekuasaan legislatif, eksekutif, dan yudikatif. Agar tiga bidang kekuasaan tersebut dapat saling mengontrol dan terjadi keseimbangan kekuasaan perlu diterapkan prinsip checks and balances. Sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia pasca amandemen UUD 1945 menganut prinsip tersebut di mana DPR sebagai lembaga legislatif, Presiden sebagai lembaga eksekutif, dan Mahkamah Agung beserta Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga yudikatif dapat saling mengontrol dan terjadi keseimbangan kekuasaan antar lembaga-lembaga tersebut.
ASAS LEGALITAS DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM MENUJU TERWUJUDNYA KEADILAN SUBSTANTIF
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto
Published: March 2017

Penegakan hukum untuk mewujudkan keadilan, memunculkan suatu permasalahan yaitu keadilan yang bagaimana yang hendak diwujudkan. Asas legalitas dalam penegakan hukum ternyata hanya mengarahkan pada terwujudnya keadilan formal yaitu keadilan menurut undang-undang. Penegakan hukum idealnya bukan hanya mewujudkan keadilan formal tetapi juga keadilan substansial, yaitu keadilan yang benar-benar sesuai dengan rasa keadilan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penegakan hukum hendaknya bukan hanya mendasarkan pada asas legalitas, melainkan juga memperhatikan kebiasaan atau tradisi dan sistem nilai yang terdapat dalam kehidupan masyarakat.
REKONSTRUKSI PERAN POLRI DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI LUAR PENGADILAN
Authors: Poniman Poniman
Published: March 2017

Secara faktual POLRI menangani sengketa lingkungan hidup secara mediasi di luar pengadilan. Walaupun Undang-Undang Lingkungan Hidup (UU NRI Nomor 32 Tahun 2009) tidak mengatur, namun hal ini nyata manfaatnya bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sociolegal dengan paradigma Post Positivisme. Penelitian kualitatif dengan analisa dan metodenya induktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa idealnya POLRI sebagai mediator adalah: 1. Respons terhadap persoalan, memahami aspirasi yang bersengketa, memahami peraturan-peraturan lingkungan hidup dan penegakan hukumnya berorientasi pada keadilan substansif, 2. Berwawasan lingkungan yang ekosentris melihat manusia sebagai bagian dari lingkungan bukan diatas lingkungan, 3. Berwawasan Good Governance dalam melaksanakan tugas administrasi publik secara bersih, responsif dan akuntabel.
ISLAM SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: An Aqimuddin Eka
Published: March 2017

Perkembangan hukum internasional selama ini dianggap sangat dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan eurocristian.Bahkan beberapa pihak menyebutkan bahwa hukum internasional saat ini bersifat sekuler. Dengan demikian, relasi agama dengan hukum internasional merupakan suatu perkembangan yang menarik. Islam sebagai agama yang sempurna juga mengatur hubungan antarnegara. Hukum internasional Islam disebut dengan Siyar. Hukum internasional dan siyar memiliki sumber hukum yang berbeda. Sumber hukum internasional terdiri dari formiil, materiil dan kausal. Islam dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber hukum internsional baik formiil dan materiil melalui metode ijtihad.
REPOSISI POLITIK HUKUM PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL DALAM RANGKA MEWUJUDKAN TERTIB HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Puspitawati Dhiana , Kusumaningrum Adi
Published: March 2017

Di Indonesia tidak terdapat politik yang tepat dan sistem hukum mengenai penerapan Perjanjian Internasional dalam sistem hukum nasional. Pasal 11 dari UUD NRI Tahun 1945 hanya mengatur pembagian wewenang antara Presiden dan DPR dalam meratiﬁkasi perjanjian internasional. Kurangnya klariﬁkasi pada sistem hukum dan politik Indonesia menimbulkan masalah dalam penerapan perjanjian internasional di dalam negeri. Perlu dilakukan reposisi konsep politik hukum Perjanjian Internasional dalam rangka mewujudkan tertib hukum di Indonesia ke depan, antara lain dengan: (1) amandemen Pasal 11 UUD NRI Tahun 1945; (2) revisi Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2000 tentang Perjanjian Indonesia; (3) revisi Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan.
Impaired defenses of neonatal mouse alveolar macrophage with cftr deletion are modulated by glutathione and TGFβ1
Authors: Gauthier Theresa W. , Grunwell Jocelyn R. , Ping Xiao‐Du , Harris Frank L. , Brown Lou Ann S.
Published: March 2017

Our understanding of the intrinsic effects of cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) deletion on resident neonatal alveolar macrophage (AM) remains limited. We previously demonstrated that diminished glutathione (GSH) or excessive AM transforming growth factor beta one (TGFβ1) contributes to AM dysfunction in a variety of disease states. In this study, using a gut‐corrected cftr neonatal knockout (KO) mouse model and a siRNA‐manipulated macrophage‐like cell line (THP‐1 cell), we hypothesized (1) that cftr mutation alone increases neonatal AM oxidant stress and cellular TGFβ1 signaling via altered GSH, thereby impairing cellular function, and (2) that exogenous GSH attenuates AM alterations and dysfunction in the KO AM. In neonatal KO mice, the baseline bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated a near doubling in mixed disulfides (P ≤ 0.05) and oxidized GSSG (P ≤ 0.05) without concurrent inflammation compared to WT littermates. KO AM demonstrated diminished AM thiols (P ≤ 0.05), increased AM mitochondrial ROS (P ≤ 0.05), increased AM TGFβ1 (P ≤ 0.05) with increased TGFβ1 signaling (P ≤ 0.05), and impaired phagocytosis (P ≤ 0.05). KO AM mitochondrial ROS was modulated by exogenous GSH (P ≤ 0.05). Conversely, TGFβ1 was reduced (P ≤ 0.05) and impaired phagocytosis was rescued (P ≤ 0.05) by exogenous GSH in the KO AM. These results suggest that an altered neonatal AM phenotype may contribute to the initiation of lung inflammation/infection in the CF lung. Modulation of the AM in the neonatal CF lung may potentially alter progression of disease.
Individual variations in nitric oxide synthase‐dependent sweating in young and older males during exercise in the heat: role of aerobic power
Authors: Amano Tatsuro , Fujii Naoto , Louie Jeffrey C. , Meade Robert D. , Kenny Glen P.
Published: March 2017

We evaluated the association between aerobic power (defined by peak oxygen consumption;VO2peak) and the contribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to the sweating response in young and older individuals during exercise in the heat. Data from 44 young (24 ± 1 years) and 48 older (61 ± 2 years) males with meanVO2peakof 47.8 ± 2.4 (range, 28.0–62.3) and 39.1 ± 2.3 (range, 26.4–55.7)mLO2 kg−1 min−1, respectively, were compiled from our prior studies. Participants performed two 15‐ to 30‐min bouts of exercise at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production of 400 or 500 W, each separated by 15–20 min recovery in the heat (35°C, relative humidity of 20%). Forearm sweat rate (ventilated capsule technique) was measured at two skin sites that were continuously and simultaneously administered with lactated Ringers solution (Control) or 10 mmol/LNG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME, nonselectiveNOSinhibitor) via intradermal microdialysis. Sweat rate during the final 5 min of each exercise bout was lower withL‐NAMEcompared to the Control in both groups (allP < 0.05). The magnitude of the attenuation in sweat rate induced byL‐NAMEcompared to the Control was not correlated withVO2peak(allP ≥ 0.46) while this attenuation was negatively correlated with the sweat rate at the Control in both groups and in both exercise bouts (allP < 0.01,R ≤ −0.43). These results suggest thatNOS‐dependent sweating is not associated with aerobic powerper se, while it becomes evident in individuals who produce larger sweat rates during exercise irrespective of age.
New York, Capital of World Literature? On Holocaust Memory and World Literary Value
Authors: Vermeulen Pieter
Published: March 2017

The question of how world literary value is produced has been central to recent debates. While Pascale Casanova’s influential account of a relatively autonomous ‘world literary space’ follows the work of Pierre Bourdieu in applying economic metaphors to processes of world literary value production, this essay argues that Casanova’s 1999 account needs to be updated in light of recent economic and cultural developments: the economic and the literary sphere are no longer separate but fundamentally entwined, which means that processes of world literary value creation cannot be modeled as a pseudo-market. The essay traces ongoing debates on the transcultural circulation of Holocaust memory to put forward a more flexible and multifaceted model for the production of world literary value. To demonstrate the claim that world literary value is today articulated with other forms of value, the essay investigates the role of Holocaust memory in the recent world literary consecration of Roberto Bolaño, Karl-Ove Knausgaard, and Elena Ferrante. Concentrated around New York-based publishers and media, these three cases not only demonstrate the crucial role of Holocaust memory in articulating literary value, they also show the recent shift from Paris to New York as a primary center of world literary value production.
Celebrating Afropolitan Identities? Contemporary African World Literatures in English
Authors: Neumann Birgit , Rippl Gabriele
Published: March 2017

Against the background of today’s debate on Afropolitanism, this article discusses three contemporary African novels as instances of world literatures, focusing on their creative modelling of open, non-Eurocentric worlds in motion. Taking existing research in the field of world literature into account, we argue that the affective and effective uniqueness of world literatures only comes to the fore when considering their distinct power to creatively make worlds. We suggest understanding world literatures in terms of their capacity to create open, polycentric worlds, which enmesh diverse places, multiple temporalities, situated practices and locally grounded experiences into open networks of reciprocal change. In theorizing world literatures as pluralized and multiple, we also try to overcome the privileging of western literature. The final section negotiates how these imaginative worlds interact, intersect and possibly collide with that world which is configured by labelling, marketing and canonizing a specific text as ‘world literature’.
Impact of a single oral dose of 100,000 IU vitamin D3 on profiles of serum 25(OH)D3 and its metabolites 24,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 in adults with vitamin D insufficiency
Authors: Saleh Lanja , Tang Jonathan , Gawinecka Joanna , Boesch Lukas , Fraser William D. , von Eckardstein Arnold , Nowak Albina
Published: March 2017

Background:

We investigate the effect of a high dose of vitamin D3 on circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and its metabolites 24,25(OH)

Methods:

One hundred and seven study participants (age 20–50 years) were randomized to receive a single 100,000 IU dose of vitamin D3 (n=52) or placebo (n=55). Vitamin D metabolite concentrations in serum were measured before, and 4 weeks after, supplementation.

Results:

Overall, 52% of participants receiving vitamin D3 attained a serum 25(OH)D3 level >75 nmol/L. Among individuals who received vitamin D3, there were significant increases in serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and its metabolites 24,25(OH)

Conclusions:

Administration of a single high dose of vitamin D3 leads to a significant increase in concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)
Synthesis and comparative characteristics of biological activities of (La, Sr)MnO3 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Shydlovska Olga , Zholobak Nadiya , Dybkova Svitlana , Osinsky Sergej , Bubnovskaya Larissa , Yelenich Oleksandr , Solopan Sergii , Belous Anatolii
Published: March 2017

In the last decade, ferromagnetic nanoparticles that are able to be heated under an AMF (alternating magnetic field) have gained considerable interest in the field of nanotechnology. The current study explores the peculiarity of the synthesis and the properties of Fe
Management of Customer Service in Terms of Logistics Information Systems
Authors: Kampf Rudolf , Ližbetinová Lenka , Tišlerová Kamila
Published: March 2017

This paper is focused on perceiving the logistic services as the competition advantage in frame of the ecommerce. Customers consider their purchases in its complexity and all the logistic services should be designed to meet with customers’ preferences as much as possible. Our aim was to identify and evaluate of customers perceiving in frame of sales proposals offered by e-shops. Collected data of research were processed with the usage of cluster analysis. The aim of this paper is to present the results and conclusions from this research with focus on the elements of logistics services within e-commerce. These outputs can be used for knowledge base of information systems through which enterprises evaluate their decisions and selection of variants. For the enterprise, it is important to appropriate decisions about resource allocation and design of the structure of logistics services were set based on real customer preferences.
Ultralight sponges of poly(para-xylylene) by template-assisted chemical vapour deposition
Authors: Moss Tobias , Paulus Ilka E. , Raps Daniel , Altstädt Volker , Greiner Andreas
Published: March 2017

Particle foams and open cell sponges play nowadays an important role in academia and industrial research. The fabrication of new high-performance foams is one of the challenges. Until now, it is impossible to visualise the quality of particle foams, and the quantification is only possible with expensive analytical methods like scanning electron microscopy. In this work, we demonstrate a simple method for the visualisation of void sizes and defects inside particle foams on the basis of expanded polystyrene. The concept was transferred to porous materials, which work as templates for the formation of ultralight poly(para-xylylene) foams with stunning properties.
Wood based activated carbons for supercapacitor electrodes with sulfuric acid electrolyte
Authors: Dobele Galina , Volperts Aleksandrs , Zhurinsh Aivars , Vervikishko Darya , Shkolnikov Evgeny , Ozolinsh Jurijs
Published: March 2017

Activated carbons (ACs) based on wood charcoal were synthesized via sodium hydroxide activation and studied as electrode material in supercapacitors (sulfuric acid electrolyte). In focus were the porous structure of the ACs and their electrochemical properties as a function of the synthesis conditions. The data of surface area and pore volume and pore size dimensions (determined by N2 adsorption and evaluated based on three theories) of the ACs activated at 700°C and with NaOH/carbonizate ratios of 2 and 3.7 are reported, such as the specific capacitance (F g−1), specific resistance (Ohm cm), electrolyte volume (mm3 g−1) and the specific power capacity of a cell (Wh kg−1) of the supercapacitors made of various ACs. It was established that the porosity is increasing with increasing activation temperature and activator rate while the specific capacitance of the device increased up to 390 F g−1 based on elementary cell mass.
Effects of calcination temperature on sol-gel synthesis of porous La2Ti2O7 photocatalyst on degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red X3B
Authors: Han Dechang , Ma Zheng , Du Ling , Zhang Wenjie
Published: March 2017

The effects of calcination temperature on properties of porous lanthanum titanate using PEG4000 template in a sol-gel route were studied. Photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red X3B on the materials was evaluated. Monoclinic La
Provider variability in the initial diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism
Authors: Cielonko Luke , Hamby Tyler , Dallas John S. , Hamilton Luke , Wilson Don P.
Published: March 2017

Background:

Early diagnosis and expeditious treatment of newborns with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is necessary to avoid mental retardation.

Methods:

A survey of 44 practitioners in the southern US was conducted to better understand common practices regarding neonatal CH and the findings were compared with current guidelines in the US and Europe.

Results:

Responses indicated some consensus that 10–15 μg of thyroid hormone/kg/day was the appropriate dosage. However, despite guidelines advocating their use, practitioners reported that they did not commonly use imaging or laboratory tests, though experienced providers apparently used them more often.

Conclusions:

Together, these results show moderate adherence to published guidelines for treating and diagnosing CH. Further research is needed to determine why providers deviate from these guidelines and to generalize these results to other populations.
Clinical presentation and treatment response to diazoxide in two siblings with congenital hyperinsulinism as a result of a novel compound heterozygous ABCC8 missense mutation
Authors: Galcheva Sonya , Iotova Violeta , Ellard Sian , Flanagan Sarah E. , Halvadzhiyan Irina , Petrova Chayka , Hussain Khalid
Published: March 2017

Background:

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) can present with considerable clinical heterogeneity which may be due to differences in the underlying genetic etiology. We present two siblings with hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH) and marked clinical heterogeneity caused by compound heterozygosity for the same two novel

Case presentation:

The index patient is a 3-year-old boy with hypoglycaemic episodes presenting on the first day of life. HH was diagnosed and treatment with intravenous glucose and diazoxide was initiated. Currently he has normal physical and neurological development, with occasional hypoglycaemic episodes detected following continuous fasting on treatment with diazoxide. The first-born 8-year-old sibling experienced severe postnatal hypoglycaemia, generalised seizures and severe brain damage despite diazoxide treatment. The latter was stopped at 6-months of age with no further registered hypoglycaemia. Genetic testing showed that both children were compound heterozygotes for two novel

Conclusions:

These
Towards a Naturalistic Philosophy
Authors: Galparsoro José Ignacio
Published: March 2017

This paper is an invitation to reflect on the advisability of analysing philosophy from a naturalistic perspective. That is, from a perspective that considers philosophy as if it was one more cultural object, which can be studied using the tools that we have available to us today and that are provided by disciplines such as evolutionary psychology or anthropology oriented by a distinctly cognitivist approach. A central concept in the analysis is that of “intuitive ontology” – closely linked to intuitive (or folk-) philosophy or the spontaneous, naïve (natural) way of thinking that is associated with common sense – which is a result of the evolutionary process and a source of metaphysical prejudices such as dualism. A metaphilosophical reflection, such as that proposed here, identifies the “natural” character of a transcendent metaphysics that is still too close to intuitive philosophy, and the interest of constituting a naturalistic philosophy that is fully conscious of its “unnatural” or “counterintuitive” character.
Current scenario of catalysts for biodiesel production: a critical review
Authors: Jamil Farrukh , Al-Haj Lamya , Al-Muhtaseb Ala’a H. , Al-Hinai Mohab A. , Baawain Mahad , Rashid Umer , Ahmad Mohammad N.M.
Published: March 2017

Due to increasing concerns about global warming and dwindling oil supplies, the world’s attention is turning to green processes that use sustainable and environmentally friendly feedstock to produce renewable energy such as biofuels. Among them, biodiesel, which is made from nontoxic, biodegradable, renewable sources such as refined and used vegetable oils and animal fats, is a renewable substitute fuel for petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification in which oil or fat is reacted with short chain alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. The process of transesterification is affected by the mode of reaction, molar ratio of alcohol to oil, type of alcohol, nature and amount of catalysts, reaction time, and temperature. Various studies have been carried out using different oils as the raw material; different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, butanol); different catalysts; notably homogeneous catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and supercritical fluids; or, in some cases, enzymes such as lipases. This article focuses on the application of heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production because of their environmental and economic advantages. This review contains a detailed discussion on the advantages and feasibility of catalysts for biodiesel production, which are both environmentally and economically viable as compared to conventional homogeneous catalysts. The classification of catalysts into different categories based on a catalyst’s activity, feasibility, and lifetime is also briefly discussed. Furthermore, recommendations have been made for the most suitable catalyst (bifunctional catalyst) for low-cost oils to valuable biodiesel and the challenges faced by the biodiesel industry with some possible solutions.
A review on membrane applications and transport mechanisms in vacuum membrane distillation
Authors: Baghel Rakesh , Upadhyaya Sushant , Singh Kailash , Chaurasia Satyendra P. , Gupta Akhilendra B. , Dohare Rajeev Kumar
Published: March 2017

The main aim of this article is to provide a state-of-the-art review of the experimental studies on vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process. An introduction to the history of VMD is carried out along with the other membrane distillation configurations. Recent developments in process, characterization of membrane, module design, transport phenomena, and effect of operating parameters on permeate flux are discussed for VMD in detail. Several heat and mass transfer correlations obtained by various researchers for different VMD modules have been discussed. The impact of membrane fouling with its control in VMD is discussed in detail. In this paper, temperature polarization coefficient and concentration polarization coefficient are elaborated in detail. Integration of VMD with other membrane separation processes/industrial processes have been explained to improve the performance of the system and make it more energy efficient. A critical evaluation of the VMD literature is incorporated throughout this review.
Rescue pre-operative treatment with Lugol’s solution in uncontrolled Graves’ disease
Authors: Calissendorff Jan , Falhammar Henrik
Published: March 2017

Background

Graves’ disease is a common cause of hyperthyroidism. Three therapies have been used for decades: pharmacologic therapy, surgery and radioiodine. In case of adverse events, especially agranulocytosis or hepatotoxicity, pre-treatment with Lugol’s solution containing iodine/potassium iodide to induce euthyroidism before surgery could be advocated, but this has rarely been reported.

Methods

All patients hospitalised due to uncontrolled hyperthyroidism at the Karolinska University Hospital 2005–2015 and treated with Lugol’s solution were included. All electronic files were carefully reviewed manually, with focus on the cause of treatment and admission, demographic data, and effects of iodine on thyroid hormone levels and pulse frequency.

Results

Twenty-seven patients were included. Lugol’s solution had been chosen due to agranulocytosis in 9 (33%), hepatotoxicity in 2 (7%), other side effects in 11 (41%) and poor adherence to medication in 5 (19%). Levels of free T4, free T3 and heart rate decreased significantly after 5–9 days of iodine therapy (free T4 53–20 pmol/L, P = 0.0002; free T3 20–6.5 pmol/L, P = 0.04; heart rate 87–76 beats/min P = 0.0007), whereas TSH remained unchanged. Side effects were noted in 4 (15%) (rash n = 2, rash and vomiting n = 1, swelling of fingers n = 1). Thyroidectomy was performed in 26 patients (96%) and one was treated with radioiodine; all treatments were without serious complications.

Conclusion

Treatment of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism with Lugol’s solution before definitive treatment is safe and it decreases thyroid hormone levels and heart rate. Side effects were limited. Lugol’s solution could be recommended pre-operatively in Graves’ disease with failed medical treatment, especially if side effects to anti-thyroid drugs have occurred.
Persistence of myopathy in Cushing’s syndrome: evaluation of the German Cushing’s Registry
Authors: Berr Christina M , Stieg Mareike R , Deutschbein Timo , Quinkler Marcus , Schmidmaier Ralf , Osswald Andrea , Reisch Nicole , Ritzel Katrin , Dimopoulou Christina , Fazel Julia , Hahner Stefanie , Stalla Günter K , Beuschlein Felix , Reincke Martin
Published: March 2017

Background

Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is characterized by an excessive secretion of glucocorticoids that results in a characteristic clinical phenotype. One feature of clinical hypercortisolism is breakdown of protein metabolism translating into clinical consequences including glucocorticoid-induced myopathy. While surgery is effective in control of cortisol excess, the effect of biochemical remission on muscular function is yet unclear.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study we analyzed 47 patients with CS during the florid phase (ActiveCS). 149 additional patients were studied 2–53 years (mean: 13 years) after surgery in biochemical long-term remission (RemissionCS). Also, 93 rule-out CS patients were used as controls (CON). All subjects were assessed for grip strength using a hand grip dynamometer and underwent the chair rising test (CRT).

Results

Hand grip strength (85% vs 97% of norm, P = 0.002) and the CRT performance (9.5 s vs 7.1 s, P = 0.001) were significantly lower in ActiveCS compared to the CON group. Six months after treatment grip strength further decreased in CS (P = 0.002) and CRT performance remained impaired. The RemissionCS group (mean follow-up 13 years) had reduced hand grip strength (92% compared to normal reference values for dominant hand, P < 0.001). The chair rising test performance was at 9.0 s and not significantly different from the ActiveCS group (P = 0.45).

Conclusion

CS affects muscle strength in the acute phase, but functional impairment remains detectable also during long-term follow-up despite biochemical remission.
Very long-term sequelae of craniopharyngioma
Authors: Wijnen Mark , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M , Janssen Joseph A M J L , Catsman-Berrevoets Coriene E , Michiels Erna M C , van Veelen-Vincent Marie-Lise C , Dallenga Alof H G , van den Berge J Herbert , van Rij Carolien M , van der Lely Aart-Jan , Neggers Sebastian J C M M
Published: March 2017

Objective

Studies investigating long-term health conditions in patients with craniopharyngioma are limited by short follow-up durations and generally do not compare long-term health effects according to initial craniopharyngioma treatment approach. In addition, studies comparing long-term health conditions between patients with childhood- and adult-onset craniopharyngioma report conflicting results. The objective of this study was to analyse a full spectrum of long-term health effects in patients with craniopharyngioma according to initial treatment approach and age group at craniopharyngioma presentation.

Design

Cross-sectional study based on retrospective data.

Methods

We studied a single-centre cohort of 128 patients with craniopharyngioma treated from 1980 onwards (63 patients with childhood-onset disease). Median follow-up since craniopharyngioma presentation was 13 years (interquartile range: 5–23 years). Initial craniopharyngioma treatment approaches included gross total resection (n = 25), subtotal resection without radiotherapy (n = 44), subtotal resection with radiotherapy (n = 25), cyst aspiration without radiotherapy (n = 8), and 90Yttrium brachytherapy (n = 21).

Results

Pituitary hormone deficiencies (98%), visual disturbances (75%) and obesity (56%) were the most common long-term health conditions observed. Different initial craniopharyngioma treatment approaches resulted in similar long-term health effects. Patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma experienced significantly more growth hormone deficiency, diabetes insipidus, panhypopituitarism, morbid obesity, epilepsy and psychiatric conditions compared with patients with adult-onset disease. Recurrence-/progression-free survival was significantly lower after initial craniopharyngioma treatment with cyst aspiration compared with other therapeutic approaches. Survival was similar between patients with childhood- and adult-onset craniopharyngioma.

Conclusions

Long-term health conditions were comparable after different initial craniopharyngioma treatment approaches and were generally more frequent in patients with childhood- compared with adult-onset disease.
Le droit coutumier de la Noble Nation Sicule de Transylvanie et la doctrine de la sainte Couronne
Authors: Kalnoky Nathalie
Published: March 2017

Avec la couronne de Saint Etienne et l’universitas des sicules, l’histoire de la Hongrie révèle deux types d’organisation du pouvoir qui, tout en appartenant à la civilisation féodales au sens large, offrent des particularités concurrentes en ce qui concerne la détention du pouvoir et les relations entre les différents échelons de la hiérarchie. Le règne du roi Matthias, en particulier, met en lumière le rôle des spécificités sicules dans la conduite des réformes royales, peu avant la systématisation opérée dans le Tripartitum au début du XVIe siècle.
Essai d’interpretation metaphorique des memoires de Lujza Esterhazy (1899–1966)
Authors: de Montety Henri
Published: March 2017

Au lendemain de la première guerre mondiale, János et Lujza Esterházy s’engagent pour la cause de la restauration monarchique et pour la révision du traité de Trianon. Au cours des années vingt, leurs visions respectives de la nation hongroise s’éloignent. Lujza adopte peu à peu la conceptions ethnique de la nation, tandis que János reste fidèle au territoire de la couronne. Toutefois, les vicissitudes de l’histoire aux années trente et quarante les voient toujours unis, notamment en raison de leur foi chrétienne partagée. Les mémoires de Lujza Esterházy donnent une vision allégorique du destin de sa famille et de la Hongrie au XXe siècle.
Die frühe Filmtheorie von Béla Balázs
Authors: Kókai Károly
Published: March 2017

Béla Balázs‘ Der sichtbare Mensch wurde 1924 publiziert und gilt als das erste systematische theoretische Werk über das Medium Film in deutscher Sprache. Dem Buch wurde daher große Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet und es wurde mehrfach versucht, es im Werk von Balázs zu kontextualisieren. Im Aufsatz Die frühe Filmtheorie von Béla Balázs wird angestrebt, die Anfänge von Balázs‘ Beschäftigung mit dem Film differenzierter darzustellen, als das bislang geschehen ist, um das geistige Milieu und die Diskurskontexte, in denen Der sichtbare Mensch entstand, präziser rekonstruieren und einzelne Begriffe und Konzepte des Buches — wie Physiognomik, Sichtbarkeit und Visualität — genauer erfassen zu können. Aufgrund von Berichten in der Wiener ungarischen Migrationspresse lässt sich eine Diskussion über Film nachvollziehen, in der Balázs‘ erste Versuche auch zu verorten sind. Die Auflistung einiger Aspekte zur Wiener Filmindustrie der 1920er Jahre, filmbezogene Texte in der ungarischsprachigen Wiener Emigrantenzeitschrift Bécsi Magyar Ujság, Balázs‘ Auseinandersetzung mit Mitgliedern einer ebenfalls nach Wien emigrierten ungarischen Avantgardegruppe, der Sprachwechsel eines migrierten Literaturschaffenden und Balázs‘ Tagebucheinträge machen sichtbar: Der Verstehenshorizont von Balázs‘ Filmtheorie kann nur vor dem Panorama seiner breiten Interessensgebiete und Erfahrungswelten ausgelotet und bestimmt werden.
Investigation of permeation of acyclovir through skin using alaptide
Authors: Cernikova Aneta , Bobal Pavel , Bobalova Janette , Dohnal Jiri , Jampilek Josef
Published: March 2017

The investigation deals with the affection of the permeation of acyclovir through full-thickness pig ear skin using a Franz diffusion cell from the donor vehicles of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and propylene glycol–water (1:1) using synthesised (S)-8-methyl-6,9-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7,10-dione, alaptide as a transdermal permeation enhancer. Alaptide was applied in ratio 1:10 (w/w) relative to the amount of acyclovir. At the first hour after application, the permeated amount of acyclovir from propylene glycol–water system, simulating semisolid dosage forms, was ca. four-fold higher than from the formulation without alaptide. Despite that the enhancement ratio of alaptide in a steady state was 1.7, the pseudo-enhancement ratio of alaptide in the time range of first to third hour was 2.3. Both enhancement ratios indicate that alaptide modifies skin structure, while the short-term application of the alaptide formulation seems to be more advantageous.
Thermodynamic tests with nano-ceramic thermal insulation coatings
Authors: Bozsaky David
Published: March 2017

From nanotechnology-based thermal insulation materials nano-ceramic thermal insulation coatings are generally considered to be the most critical because of contradictory technical data that could be founded in special literature. Complete agreement had not been already found about the mechanism how does their insulating effect take. In the Laboratory of Building Materials and Building Physics at Széchenyi István University (Győr, Hungary) several thermodynamic tests were made in order to find out thermodynamic process inside this material. Several building structures with different order of layers were tested with heat flow meter. Results showed that convective heat transfer coefficient cannot be taken account in usual way using this material as thermal insulation.
Current heating energy demand by the residential sector in city Prishtina based on the main resources
Authors: Ahmeti Petrit , Dalipi Ilir , Basha Agon , Kistelegdi István
Published: March 2017

This paper has the main focus in energy consumption by the residential sector in city of Prishtina. Considering the fact that the energy production in Kosovo is not sufficient in relation with the everyday demand and at the same time the growth of the energy demand based on different resources is evident, a detailed analysis and identification of the energy performance of this sector is inevitable. One of the main components that cause the energy demand in residential sector is the heating energy demand. The energy resource and heating systems used by the residential sector in city of Prishtina are diverse.

This paper elaborates and identifies the number of residential buildings, number of dwellings, building typologies, heating energy resources, heating systems used by the dwellings and the energy demand for heating energy, by using quantitative methodology. Based on the results achieved by the research, future detailed analysis is possible to identify other components, which affect the heating energy demand by the residential sector. These first results can be used as a basis of the first district scaled energy modeling of the city of Pristhina. By applying the energy management method, developed by Prof. Gerhard Hausladen and his research group at the TU München, a first modeling step will be absolved. After analysis of the current state of the investigated districts, future concepts will be made increasing efficiency and sustainability.
Process network solution of a clothing manufacturer’s problem
Authors: Ercsey Zsolt
Published: March 2017

The current work focuses on a Hungarian clothing manufacturer’s problem. First the industrial problem is presented; its corresponding critical pass method graph is depicted. To answer all emerging questions with respect to alternative possibilities, a large number of critical pass method problems have to be solved cumbersomely. Instead, first this graph is transformed into a process network. Alternatives specified by mainly financial necessities as well as human resource constraints can now be easily managed, namely where specific activities can be performed in different ways by various employee having different qualifications, requiring different durations and obviously respective costs can be considered within this model. These separate cases can commonly be handled within the resultant sole process network and the corresponding mathematical programming model.
Methodology for clinical integration of e-Health sensor-based smart device technology with cloud architecture
Authors: Garai Ábel , Péntek István , Adamkó Attila , Németh Ágnes
Published: March 2017

The international healthcare systems interoperability is an unresolved technological area at the moment. This paper demonstrates the results of the software engineering research for simplex syntactic and semantic technical interoperability of hospital information systems, eHealth smart device technology and clinical telemedicine instruments through the recently developed Telemedicine Interoperability Hub. Several similar experiments exist. This research is unique in building a prototype interconnecting not only healthcare information systems with each other, but aiming to establish a general healthcare interoperability scheme including also the eHealth smart devices and telemedicine instruments. The aim of this research is to establish cloud-based data interchange capability with the newly developed information technology system interconnected with the emerging eHealth Internet of Things solutions and the classical hospital information system architecture. Notwithstanding the international information technology medical data exchange standards, like Health Level Seven, the adoption of an industry-wide open telemedicine syntactic and semantic interoperability standard is necessary. The research studied varying simplex, duplex, full-duplex, data package- and file-based information technology modalities establishing stable system interconnection among clinical instruments, healthcare systems and eHealth smart devices. This research is the manifestation of the trilateral cooperation of the University of Debrecen Department of Information Technology, Semmelweis University Second Paediatric Clinic and T-Systems Healthcare Competence Center Central and Eastern Europe. The developed experimental software engineering solution was embedded in hybrid cloud architecture after testing private cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service and Public Cloud Software-as-a-Service technical solutions.
Consideration of temperature at the moduli of asphalt layers for a suggested mechanistic overlay design method
Authors: Soós Zoltán
Published: March 2017

The paper addresses the determination of a stiffness-temperature correction model for the use in a mechanistic overlay design method, developed at the Department of Highway and Railway Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics. Eleven models are selected and evaluated based on 215 laboratory stiffness test results at various temperatures of 47 different AC22 binder course type mixes. As the results showed, for the rough temperature correction of Hungarian binder course mixes for the use in the proposed design method; the model used by the AASHTO 1993 pavement design method is most accurate based on the standard error of the estimate of the selected models.
Horizontal scraped surface heat exchanger — Experimental measurements and numerical analysis
Authors: Varga Tibor , Szepesi Gabor , Siménfalvi Zoltán
Published: March 2017

This paper deal with the overall heat transfer process and confrontation of experimental measurements and their numerical solutions on simplified model, inside the horizontal scraped surface heat exchanger. The experimental measurements were done on two horizontal scraped surface heat exchangers connected in series. As a product was thermally treated water, heated by vapor in the first stage and cooled by cold water in the second stage. Applied mass flow of the product: m=250, 500, 750, 1000 kgh−1 and rotary velocity of the shaft, scraper blades: rpm=20, 30, (45), 60, 90 min−1. For numerical analyses the simplified model was used, with taking only the area between the heat transfer tube, and the shaft with an aim to compare the result to experimental measurements and validate the obtained overall heat exchange, as justify the simplification. As a results from experimental measurements were obtained the correlations for Nusselt number in a form of Nu=f(Re,Pr,ηf/ηw). Based on the confrontation of results, it can be stated that the level of simplification used at numerical solutions, gives still an acceptable accuracy of overall heat transfer values. From numerical simulations were obtained further results as the velocity, temperature fields, which were used to make certain adaptation on proposed construction and their examination by additional numerical simulations. All these acquired results lead to better understanding the overall process inside the horizontal scraped surface heat exchangers and the proposed construction of mutators can increase the efficiency of heat transfer process for many products in a real processing.
Két generációban megfigyelhető mitokondriális DNS A8344G mutáció
Authors: Fekete Anett , Hadzsiev Kinga , Bene Judit , Nászai Antónia , Mátyás Petra , Till Ágnes , Melegh Béla
Published: March 2017

Abstract:

This article presents the case of a 62-year-old mother and her 41-year-old daughter, who have had severe neurological symptoms for a few decades. After a long investigation period the definite diagnosis of MERRF syndrome was confirmed. After DNA isolation from our patient’s blood sample we examined the mitochondrial DNA with direct sequencing. An adenine-guanine substitution was detected in the tRNA gene at position 8344, based on the sequence ferogram the heteroplasmy was over 90%. The clinical phenotype was not clearly characteristic for MERRF syndrome, adult-onset and lipomas are not typical in this disease. In our case report we would like to draw attention to the great phenotypic variation of the mitochondrial diseases and we emphasize that these disorders are underdiagnosed in Hungary even today. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(12), 468–471.