bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of small molecule inhibitors for the treatment of disease
Authors:   , Corkran Hilary Mary
Published: December 2021

Three aspects of the protecting-group-free (PGF) synthesis of small molecules have been described in this thesis. In the first part, the PGF azasugar synthesis methodology was applied to 2-deoxy-D-glucose with the intention of selectively forming the six-membered azasugar 5-epi-fagomine. Surprisingly, four products were formed in the key I2-mediated carbamate annulation step, with a pyrrolidine being the major product after optimisation. This was formed in 15% yield. A mechanism that explains the formation of the four carbamates was proposed, which was supported by an investigation into related halocyclisation reactions.  The next part of this thesis describes the development of a new PGF methodology for the synthesis of conduramines, another class of biologically interesting molecules. Conduramines are amino polyhydroxy cyclohexenes and some conduramines have glycosidase inhibitory activity. These molecules are also useful precursors to a variety of biologically useful molecules including aminocyclitols and azasugars. The key steps in the PGF synthesis of conduramines are a Vasella-Barbier amination, a reaction that forms new C-C and C-N bonds concomitantly, and a ring closing metathesis in the presence of free hydroxyl and amine groups. To this end, a 4-deoxy 3-conduramine was prepared in just four steps and in 27% yield.  Finally, the preparation of an amine library and its biological testing for the identification of a new anti-tuberculosis drug is described. Two short syntheses were used to prepare alkenylamines and amines from the corresponding sugar, with various lipophilic groups attached to the amine. A 20-member amine library was prepared, and the compounds were tested for anti-mycobacterial activity in a mycobacterial growth inhibition assay. The most active compounds were subjected to further biological testing to determine their general cytotoxic properties. Two amines, arabinohexadecylamine and arabinohexadecylmethylamine, were identified as having the best potential for use as anti-tuberculosis drugs, and have been sent to Colorado State University for subsequent in vivo testing in a mouse model of tuberculosis.
Understanding the impacts of humanitarian Menstrual Health Management for women’s confidence and agency: A case study on the Thai/Burma border
Authors:   , Bardsley Tessa
Published: December 2021

Menstrual Health Management (MHM) is a growing focus within global humanitarian and development work. MHM aims to increase women and girls’ ability to care for their menstruating bodies through period products, hygiene facilities and education. It also seeks to challenge wider barriers that women face during menstruation – stigma, shame and ‘period poverty’ (the lack of access to menstrual products). NGOs promote ‘menstrual activism’ campaigns to ‘Reduce the stigma’ and ‘Help women and girls. Period.’ They tell stories of girls who, with their menstrual products, can now attend school during their period.   Academic studies into the complexities of such programmes are sparse, however; particularly studies which privilege the experiences of the women involved and affected. Research on menstruation within the humanitarian field is also limited. This is despite the fact that women living in refugee camps and precarious spaces can have heightened difficulties due to scarcity of menstrual resources, disruption of support networks and facilities with inadequate privacy. Contextually and culturally embedded research that recognises the contributions and perspectives of these women can strengthen humanitarian MHM programmes and scholarship so that menstruating women can feel confidence and agency rather than stigma and shame.   In light of these gaps, this study investigates Partners Relief & Development’s (Partners) ‘Days for Girls’ menstrual health programme in Thailand. The programme employs migrant women from Burma to make reusable menstrual hygiene kits and donates these kits to women in conflict-affected areas. The research worked within a feminist epistemology and mixed-methods methodology informed by principles of Appreciative Inquiry, to explore what is working well and what could be improved in Partners’ menstrual health programme. It involved refugees and migrants from Myanmar living over the border in Thailand, as well as the programme’s staff.  Through thematic analysis, I found that the Days for Girls programme improves women’s agency (through increased community participation) and confidence (through menstrual literacy and menstrual provision). For the women who sew the Days for Girls kits, confidence and agency are also gained through income and skills-education. The strengths and challenges of Partners’ programme reveal the importance of menstrual literacy education, the use of women’s knowledge in NGO work with women, and a whole-of-community response to menstruation needs. The research also informs wider understandings of how MHM discourse and development practice affects menstrual stigma.
Contemporary Taonga: The Art Works of Brett Graham
Authors:   , White Anna-Marie
Published: December 2021

The production of taonga is a sovereign Māori tradition closely guarded in contemporary Māori society. Many Contemporary Māori Artists observe taonga principles in their work though these qualities are stifled within the New Zealand art system. In the 1990s these subjects were fiercely debated resulting in Contemporary Māori Art being defined differently to the ancestral tradition of taonga. This debate created a rupture, which disturbs the practice of Māori art and is a major concern in the emerging practice of Māori art history. Reviving earlier arguments for Contemporary Māori Art to be defined according to the principles of taonga, this thesis applies the concept of ‘contemporary taonga’ to the art works of Brett Graham (Ngāti Koroki Kahukura), to argue that taonga production is active in contemporary Māori life and offers a new method to reconcile Māori art histories.  The practice of Kaupapa Māori research and theory enlivened the taonga principles of Brett Graham’s art works. Intensive accounts of two art works, produced a decade apart, reveal ‘contemporary taonga’ to be a collaborative process involving recognition and instrumentalisation by authoritative Māori viewers. Kahukura (1996), produced in response to the debates was, however, overwhelmed by competing interests of the time. Āniwaniwa (2006) undertook an arduous journey—to the centre of the Western art world in order to be shown within the artist’s tribal rohe—where Ngāti Koroki Kahukura kaumātua recognised Graham as a tohunga. Iwi leaders also employed Āniwaniwa in their Treaty of Waitangi claims process, functionalising the art work as taonga to support the advancement of their people. Āniwaniwa then left New Zealand to play a role in the formalisation of an international indigenous art network.   As a type for contemporary taonga, Āniwaniwa is an expansive model to introduce this concept to contemporary art discourse. The impact of this concept is yet to be realised though immediately reconciles long-standing issues in Māori art. ‘Contemporary taonga’ has the potential to radically reconcieve, and reorganise, Contemporary Māori Art practice and history according to the practice of ancestral Māori traditions and determined by the authority and agency of Māori people.
Developing collaborative leadership practices in the Singapore early childhood education (ECE) context through professional learning communities (PLCs)
Authors:   , Vijayadevar Sukuna Devi
Published: December 2021

Leadership in early childhood education (ECE) has been promoted as a collaborative process in which all teachers, rather than just the positional leader, are involved (Thornton, 2010). Collaborative leadership practices are not well understood within the Singapore ECE context. Beyond mandatory leadership training, little is known how leaders are supported to strengthen their leadership practices and involve others in leadership activities. School-based literature suggests that learning through professional learning communities (PLCs) expands the collective capacity of organisations, however, literature on PLCs in ECE is limited. Located within an interpretive paradigm, this study employed a primarily qualitative approach with a supplementary quantitative strand. This mixed method design, encapsulated within a single embedded exploratory case study, embedded both face-to-face and online PLC processes over a period of 8 months. Qualitative data included both face-to-face and online activities whereas for the quantitative data the study used an adapted version of the PLCA-R survey designed by Olivier, Hipp and Huffman (2010).  Participants in two PLCs established as part of this study were six principals from an anchor group childcare provider and five principals from private childcare centres in Singapore. Two teachers working with each of the respective principals were also involved in focus group interviews to ascertain if there were changes in their principals’ leadership practices. Data were collected from PLC meetings, online reflections, pre- and post-PLC interviews with the principals and follow-up focus group discussions with the teachers. Key findings suggest that praxis as a result of participation in their PLC led to some shifts in principals’ thinking about collaborative leadership practices and resulted in changes to their leadership approaches, sharing of practices, distribution of leadership and improved collegiality and collaborative learning for teachers. Principals who participated in the study also indicated that the collaborative learning culture fostered through their PLC reduced their professional isolation and helped them to integrate ideas into practice. The study contributes to an understanding that considering and implementing collaborative leadership practices through PLCs, a collaborative learning model contextualised in Anglo-American settings, in the Singapore ECE context requires sensitivity towards Asian Singapore socio-cultural values related to hierarchy and economic pragmatism.
News, renewed: Towards a sustainable business model for online journalism
Authors:   , Clark Alexander Colin
Published: December 2021

The News, Renewed project was established to pursue the following core objectives: 1) To identify the most promising business model for funding online journalism, through academic research. 2) To enable implementation of the most promising monetisation strategy, through the development of a technology enterprise.  From March to April 2014, Alex Clark conducted an online survey completed by 416 consumers, assessing willingness to pay for ten online monetisation strategies.  Strategies assessed include: payment-per-article, a payment-to-remove advertising, crowdfunding, donations, a mobile application, a ‘freemium’ model (charging only for premium content), a standalone subscription to a single news website, a national package of all news websites in New Zealand, a global package of all news websites in the world, as well as a multimedia package containing news, music, television and movies.  Survey data revealed that strategies embracing global bundling were most popular with respondents. While only one respondent (0.24%) said they would ‘definitely’ pay for a standalone subscription at $10 per month (NZD), 23 respondents (5.4%) said they’d definitely pay for a global news package, and 46 (10.8%) said they’d definitely pay for a news and multimedia package. Consumer preference for global bundling remained strong when viewing survey data through other analytical lenses, such as an aggregate of ‘probably’ and ‘definitely’ responses, as well as estimated conversion rates calculated using Predicted Purchase Intent values.  Upon completion of the survey, Alex worked with two developers to create PressPass, a platform focused on enabling the implementation of a bundling strategy by the journalism community. Once a prototype had been developed, Alex met with leading news organisations within New Zealand and the USA to share his findings and seek feedback about his proposed solution. In New Zealand, he met with NZME, TVNZ and MediaWorks. In the USA, he met with the New York Times, The Economist and National Geographic.  The News, Renewed thesis analyses the qualitative and quantitative findings from Alex’s consumer survey, while also providing qualitative insights from his interviews with industry leaders. The thesis has been submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Advanced Technology Enterprise at Victoria University of Wellington.
Digital action campaigns in the global public sphere
Authors:   , Giwa Jumoke
Published: December 2021

This research project undertakes a critical analysis of the use of new media technologies by community activists engaging in local and global communities. Increasingly, community organizations are using digital media to augment their various activities and conduct campaigns. I will consider this development with regard to WorldPulse.com, a global organization whose aim is to foster and facilitate civic engagement. More specifically, the website attempts to function and serve as a global public sphere and vehicle for the expression and discussion of political, social and cultural issues relevant to women. The analysis conducted in this thesis focuses on the website’s digital action campaigns on gender-based violence, girl child education, and women’s access to technology between 2012 and 2014, and its ‘Voices of Our Future’ citizen journalism training program.  This project employs digital ethnographic methods using content and discourse analysis, participant observation, online web survey, semi-structured email interviews and a researcher’s journal to examine the potential of worldpulse.com to serve as a global public sphere for women. The research makes use of critical studies theories and data triangulation methodologies in order to identify and evaluate if, and to what extent, the site facilitates public sphere activity and activism. I have developed an inductive typology to assess levels and kinds of civic engagement that is enabled and augmented by the interconnection of online and offline advocacy. This thesis aims to contribute to the body of scholarly literature researching and evaluating the extent to which new media technologies enable and facilitate public sphere engagement.
Learning to Expect the Predictable: The Role of Expectation in the Cognitive Control of Attention
Authors:   , Botes Andre
Published: December 2021

Some of the visual world is relevant to our goals and needs. Much more is not. A problem we face frequently in day-to-day living is that we are distracted by what is not relevant to our goals at the cost of attention towards what is. Emotional stimuli in particular have been shown to be very effective distractors, out-competing task-relevant stimuli for our attentional resources (Carretié, 2014; Pessoa, 2005; Pourtois et al., 2013).  How often emotional distractors occur can alter our ability to ignore them and remain task focussed (Grimshaw et al., 2018; Schmidts et al., 2020). The Dual Mechanisms of Control framework (Braver et al., 2007; Braver, 2012) suggests that, because we can expect upcoming distractors when they occur frequently, we can effectively avoid distraction through proactive control; the use of effortful preparatory cognitive control strategies.  That said, when distractors are frequent, we also become more experienced with them, and resolving the attentional conflict they create. The present investigation spanned two experiments assessing whether expectation of upcoming distractors would elicit proactive control while holding the experience of previous distractors constant. In Experiment 1 participants performed a simple perceptual task at fixation while neutral or negative task irrelevant images appeared peripherally on 25% of trials, either predictably in sequence (every fourth trial) or randomly. Expectation of distraction did not improve participants’ ability to avoid emotional distraction. A paradoxical expectation effect was also found wherein distraction was increased rather than decreased when distractors occurred predictably.  In Experiment 2 distractors appeared either predictably (every fourth trial), on a random 25% of trials, or on a random 75% of trials. However, neutral and emotional images were now presented at fixation with the perceptual task presented above and below. Greater distractor frequency led to lower distraction and expectation of upcoming distractors again did not improve control, although a paradoxical increase in distraction was not replicated.  Findings indicate that expectation of upcoming distractors alone is not sufficient to drive individuals to implement proactive control. Rather, distractor frequency is suggested to drive proactive control through implicit changes in top-down control settings based on experience. While the processes behind experience-driven proactive control are unclear, conflict adaptation and selection history are discussed as possible mechanisms of experience driven proactive control. Critically, present findings also indicate that emotional stimuli may present a unique challenge to our ability to control our attention.
Housing Human Needs
Authors:   , Simpson Saskia
Published: December 2021

An ever-increasing population calls for more housing at higher densities. New Zealand is struggling to keep up with the demand for housing, and consequently, the country is experiencing a housing crisis. In addressing this demand, developer-led projects are becoming more frequent. However, the focus of developer-led construction is often on costs and profits, not its future occupants’ well-being. Many studies have shown that the physical environment, especially the quality of housing, affects the human psyche. New Zealand’s current situation offers the opportunity to alter the way housing is designed to benefit society. This design-led research portfolio informs architects and designers of human psychological needs and the importance of facilitating them through the design of housing. The study develops a framework based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs, which assists architects and designers in creating housing at higher densities, more holistically. Finally, the introduction of a specific site allows the framework to be tested and evaluated through an iterative process of architectural design in an appropriate situation; Christchurch, New Zealand.
A Paleoenvironmental Interpretation of the Pukenui Limestone and Hautotara Formation, Southeastern Wairarapa, New Zealand
Authors:   , Hobbs Lockie
Published: December 2021

Two sections from the northern part of the Nga-Waka-A-Kupe Range have been documented in detail. Both sections were expected to cut through sediments of Pleistocene age which at the southern end of the range have been attributed to the Greycliffs Formation, Pukenui Limestone, Hautotara and Te Muna Formations. The Longbush Road section only included the upper Pukenui Limestone to Hautotara Formation. The Hinakura Road section was as expected and included the entire Pukenui Limestone and Hautotara Formation. Previous works in the Popes Head area have recognised the same sequence there. However, only a few correlations can confidently be made between the two areas. This is largely due to the Pukenui Limestone at Popes Head exhibiting a markedly different set of facies to the section in the southern part of the range – its type section.  The facies analysis on the two sections here reveals that the depositional environment for the Pukenui Limestone in the Popes Head area is of a near-coastal environment close to the discharge of a large river, where the nearby type section is interpreted as representing deeper marine conditions. The differences in environments could be due to shallowing section or increased discharge from the river in the Popes Head area. More likely, however, it is a combination of these two factors that result in a shallow-water facies.
Reprogramming Versus Subdomain Substitution: An Exploration of Strategies for NRPS Engineering Using the Unique Model System BpsA
Authors:   , Collins Vincent
Published: December 2021

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are large enzymes that generate a plethora of important natural products, from antibiotics to immunosuppressants. These modular enzymes function like an assembly line, selecting and incorporating specific (and frequently nonproteinogenic) amino acids into a growing peptide chain. This modular structure offers promise for re-engineering NRPS units to generate new useful products, but progress has to date been limited by the complex and dynamic nature of key domains, and a failure to define generally applicable “rules” to guide engineering efforts. Early efforts to engineer NRPS enzymes relied on the substitution of entire NRPS modules or domains, but product yields were often very low. However, these studies did highlight the promise of targeting the adenylation domain, the part of each NRPS modules that is responsible for selecting each amino acid substrate. Two particularly promising strategies for NRPS engineering aim to manipulate the adenylation domain in ways that minimise steric disruption to the assembly line. The first of these, reprogramming, makes the fewest possible changes to the NRPS primary sequence, but is dependent on those precise changes conforming to the existing structure of the adenylation domain binding pocket. More recently a second technique has been developed, subdomain substitution, which recombines a larger region of the adenylation domain to avoid perturbation of the binding pocket. The research described in this thesis examined and compared both approaches using the unique NRPS BpsA as a model system. BpsA is a single-module NRPS that generates a vivid blue pigment product, making for a reductionist system that offers a robust visual reporter capacity. Experiments with the reprogramming technique showed that small changes to the protein sequence had potential to exert major impacts on enzyme function, even when no change to function was intended. In contrast, experiments with subdomain substitution were generally more effective, showing that NRPS enzymes are very sensitive to the precise boundaries of the substituted region, but that activity can be restored to otherwise non-functional subdomain substitutions by modulation of the regional boundaries.
You Could Never Have a Third Place in a Sausage Factory
Authors:   , Thomas Elinor
Published: December 2021

In the face of climate crisis, we must take action to curb greenhouse gas emissions. One key strategy for doing this is to decrease travel by private vehicles through increasing the use of other travel modes like walking and cycling. However, children’s travel by these active travel modes has decreased significantly in many western countries over recent generations. One of the main factors associated with this decrease is the proliferation of attitudes that constrain children’s presence in public spaces, including those of their home neighbourhood. These attitudes can result in local parenting norms where children are habitually taken by car, even for short trips. Apart from the contribution to traffic these attitudes and behaviour have, there are also a number of other benefits from active and independent travel that children miss out on. As well as providing a good source of physical activity, the experience of actively travelling through their neighbourhood equips children with a good knowledge of their local environment and can support a child’s development towards being an active participant in their society. This thesis aims to investigate whether child-led placemaking -where participants work collaboratively to take action in addressing a problem in their local area- can change these attitudes to increase children’s use of public spaces and active travel. This research was conducted in partnership with a primary school. Data was collected during a co-researching process where 30 children designed and built places within the marginal public spaces of their neighbourhood. These places were designed to provide opportunities for the wider community to engage with these spaces and each other. This study found that this placemaking process increased children’s sense of connection to their neighbourhood and created opportunities for spontaneous informal social interaction. There was also some increase in independent and active travel, but this was mainly for boys.
Expert Advisory Groups: Exploring the Sensemaking Process During a Public Health Crisis Response
Authors:   , Seto Iva
Published: December 2021

Crisis sensemaking research has focused mainly on acute crises such as wildfires or industrial accidents, with crisis response being approximately under 72 hours. However, there is limited research on long duration crisis sensemaking for crisis response that may be several weeks, months, or even years. This research study aims to explore long duration crisis sensemaking during a public health crisis.  During the crisis response period, key decision makers (KDMs) face a plethora of challenges, including being inundated with information, with varying levels of quality and relevance, or not having the right kind of information. They may rely on an Expert Advisory Group (EAG) to advise on the scientific/medical aspect of the disease. The EAG is comprised of specialists such as infectious disease physicians, infection prevention and control practitioners, epidemiologists, and public health physicians.  The 2003 SARS outbreak in Toronto, Canada, was the context for this research. Participants were recruited who served as members of the Ontario SARS Scientific Advisory Committee (OSSAC) or were stakeholders during the crisis. Among their duties, these experts were tasked to write directives (mandated protocols) that govern all aspects of hospital life, from patient transfers, to cleaning. Data was collected in multiple forms, including: public inquiry reports, meeting minutes, newspaper articles, and interviews. Following a constructivist grounded theory strategy, I conducted several iterations of data collection and analysis.  The findings include a conceptual framework of EAG social sensemaking through a long duration crisis, depicting the sequential process of a stream of sensemaking (the creation and revision of one directive). A second conceptual framework on the information dynamics of long duration social sensemaking reflects the learning over the course of the crisis period. Finally, a third conceptual framework on the regulation of expert advisory group sensemaking as a balance between the knowns and unknowns in the greater health system is presented.
Paper Space: High density housing experiments, exploring slope and pathway, in Wellington’s character suburbs
Authors:   , Cooke Alice
Published: December 2021

Wellington is a city defined by its hills, and the landscape and terrain have played a significant role in shaping urban growth. The steep terrain adds to Wellington’s striking landscape and contributes to ensuring the city remains compact. However, the incline has often been at odds with the city grid. ‘Paper roads’ or unformed legal roads are an outcome of this tension and provide a residual space in some of Wellington’s inner residential suburbs.  The problem of a growing population and lack of housing in Wellington is a well- documented and much discussed issue. Given this continually increasing demand for housing, the desire to conserve character suburbs often comes into conflict with desire to retain Wellington’s compact city form. Wellington City Council is currently undergoing a review of the Urban Growth plan, with the intention of developing strategies for a potential 80,000 new residents in the next 30 years.  This thesis suggests a possible method of further densifying proximate Wellington suburbs by utilising residual space provided by ‘paper streets’. More broadly, this thesis will develop and test a model of higher density housing in the identified residual spaces of existing suburbs. Although Wellington’s paper roads have special characteristics, including the public amenity provided and the close relationship to existing built fabric, they also provide the case studies for residential intensification on steep sites.  Existing practice for hillside projects largely conforms to the strategy of small elements tumbling down the hillside. The research explores an alternative approach, questioning the negative connotations associated with existing large scale projects. An iterative design process identifies and refines a series of design criteria in order to inform the possibility for intensifying development on these hillside sites. Analysis of the work and literature of celebrated Californian firm, MLTW, informs the approach to developing these sites. The consideration of the public pathway and the experience of inhabitation for both residents and members of the public emerges as a central to the design case study, and the resulting criteria.
Exacerbating the privacy paradox: Investigating cognitive load’s impact on disclosure
Authors:   , Harrison Paul
Published: December 2021

Consumers have become the targets of a dual threat; more frequent requests for personal information and increased multitasking leading to distraction. This paper investigates the impact of cognitive load on the propensity to disclose personal information. A between-subjects experimental design was employed wherein participants completed a fictitious company questionnaire which asked for personal information whilst participants simultaneously remembered a 7-digit (Cognitive load condition) or 2-digit (Control condition) number. Upon completion of the questionnaire participants were asked to recall their number before answering several additional surveys and demographic questions. The results suggest that cognitive load influences the level of personal information disclosure in such a way that individuals tasked to remember a 7-digit number were more likely to disclose their personal information. Results also demonstrated the impact of information sensitivity, perceived risk, perceived worry, and need for cognition on three dependent variables: absolute disclosure, quality of disclosure, and response latency. The research adds greater nuance to the privacy paradox literature by proposing cognitive load as a key factor. Moreover, the results provide implications for marketing practitioners and policymakers regarding the acquisition of consumer’s personal information.
Do EFL Teachers Reduce the Reading Gap in Qatar? A Study of Strategy Instruction in Government Schools
Authors: Morsy Wafaa H. M , Romanowski Michael H , Du Xiangyun
Published: December 2021

Teachers’ instructional practices are crucial to students’ achievement in reading comprehension. Students’ low English reading competence in Qatar’s government schools raises concerns about not only reading comprehension strategy instruction, but also, subsequently, learning as a natural outcome of teachers’ praxis. This quantitative survey investigated English as a foreign language (EFL) reading comprehension strategy instruction of a broad cross-sectional sample of (1-12) EFL teachers (n=754) of government schools in Qatar. The study examines teachers’ most frequently used strategies and explicit strategy instruction. To relate the findings of an exploratory data analysis, descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and frequencies, were calculated for each 5-point Likert scale questionnaire item using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-Version 24) statistics software. Results revealed that participant teachers reported a generally moderate and high frequency of using comprehension strategies (lowest mean 3.56 and highest mean 4.52). The seven most used strategies (mean score ≥4) were: Identify main ideas, set purpose for reading, predictions, preview text, monitor comprehension, prior knowledge activation, and handle unfamiliar words. Conversely, the five strategies reported a comparatively lower use frequency (mean score ˂4) were: Text structure, questioning, visualizing, summarizing, and think aloud. The major findings on explicit strategy instruction indicated that teachers ignored the gradual release of responsibility to students. The implications of these findings suggest that EFL teachers demonstrate moderate use of reading comprehension strategy instruction. Further recommendations for the Ministry of Education, school principals, and teachers are offered.
Impulsividad, monitoreo y relación parental entre adolescentes estudiantes y adolescentes usuarios de drogas
Authors: Colunga-Rodríguez Cecilia , Valadez-García Jorge Alberto , Oropeza-Tena Roberto , Ángel-González Mario , Vázquez-Colunga Julio , Vázquez-Juárez Claudia Liliana , Colunga-Rodríguez Bertha Alicia
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue comparar los niveles de la relación padres-hijos, monitoreo parental e impulsividad entre adolescentes estudiantes sin consumo de drogas y adolescentes usuarios de drogas en tratamiento. El estudio tuvo un diseño comparativo y de corte transversal y participaron 90 adolescentes, 45 usuarios de drogas con edad promedio de 15.40 años (DE = .539) y 45 estudiantes con edad promedio de 15.26 años (DE = 1.07). Se aplicaron tres escalas estandarizadas en adolescentes mexicanos: relación con padre y madre, monitoreo paterno e impulsividad. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la t de Student para muestras independientes. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las dimensiones comunicación paterna (t= 5.21, p= .000), comunicación materna (t= 4.66, p= .000), control paterno (t= 6.98, p= .000), control materno (t= 7.78, p= .000), monitoreo paterno (t= 6.20, p= .000), monitoreo materno (t= 7.54, p= .000) e impulsividad (t= -4.755, p= .000). En los jóvenes que consumen drogas se encontró mayor impulsividad, bajo nivel de monitoreo paterno y menores puntajes en comunicación y control del padre y la madre. A diferencia de otros estudios en esta investigación no se encontró una diferencia en la dimensión de afecto tanto paterno como materno.
Perbandingan Strategi Pengajaran Flipped Classroom dan Konvensional pada Mata Kuliah Teoritis dan Hitungan Saat Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh
Authors: Kristianada Viola , Halim Winda
Published: December 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 yang saat ini masih berlangsung di seluruh dunia memaksakan perubahan berbagai kebiasaan sehari-hari dalam hidup. Salah satunya terkait dengan proses belajar mengajar yang saat ini dilakukan secara jarak jauh. Proses belajar mengajar yang dilakukan secara daring ini memaksa baik dosen maupun mahasiswa untuk beradaptasi dengan baik karena suasana belajar yang tentunya sangat berbeda dengan saat hadir langsung di dalam kelas. Metode pengajaran yang dilakukan dosen saat ini pun sangat beragam yaitu ada yang menggunakan metode konvensional, yaitu ceramah dengan menggunakan platform video conference, serta terdapat pula yang menggunakan metode flipped classroom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kedua metode tersebut untuk mata kuliah yang bersifat teoritis (tidak ada responsi) dan hitungan (ada responsi). Berdasarkan pengolahan data yang dilakukan maka diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan baik untuk metode RSME dan NASA TLX, untuk strategi pengajaran konvensional atau flipped classroom untuk mata kuliah yang bersifat teoritis atau hitungan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pembelajaran jarak jauh ini memberikan beban mental yang cukup besar walaupun disajikan menggunakan strategi pengajaran apapun juga. Untuk meringankan beban mental mahasiswa dapat digunakan cara seperti membuat suasana kelas lebih kondusif dengan komunikasi dua arah, materi disajikan dengan lebih menarik, dan memberikan pendampingan saat proses pembelajaran dilakukan.
Peningkatan Kualitas Kuat Tekan Produk Scaffold Hidroksiapatit (Ha)-Gelatin-Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) Menggunakan Metode Taguchi
Authors: Rahmawati Lia , Sadi Sadi , Wibawa Tri
Published: December 2021

Kerusakan tulang yang akan terjadi di Indonesia pada golongan tenaga kerja sebesar 67,76% berupa penurunan massa tulang dan sebesar 28,58% berupa gangguan kepadatan tulang. Scaffold dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif dari perawatan penyembuhan kerusakan tulang dalam bentuk perancah berpori 3D. Scaffold dapat menyediakan lingkungan yang sesuai untuk regenerasi jaringan tulang. Biomaterial keramik sebagai bahan dasar yang cocok untuk scaffold karena karakteristiknya, namun memiliki kekurangan berupa elastisitas rendah dengan permukaan yang keras dan rapuh. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan material berupa biomaterial gelatin dan PVA yang mana sangat ideal untuk diferensiasi sel dan kekuatan mekanik dari scaffold. Dalam upaya memperbaiki kualitas produk dan proses pembuatan scaffold, desain eksperimen dengan Metode Taguchi untuk mengetahui parameter yang memberikan nilai kuat tekan yang sesuai dengan tulang manusia. Parameter proses yang digunakan yaitu rasio bubuk hydroxyapatite (HA), rasio bubuk gelatin, dan rasio bubuk polyvynyl alcohol (PVA). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan parameter proses rasio bubuk hydroxyapatite (HA), rasio bubuk gelatin, dan rasio bubuk polyvynyl alcohol (PVA) sangat berpengaruh terhadap nilai kuat tekan scaffold. Hasil eksperimen konfirmasi diperoleh mean sebesar 3,287 MPa menunjukkan bahwa nilai kuat tekan scaffold berada pada rentan nilai kuat tekan manusia.
Usulan Perbaikan Postur Tubuh & Perancangan Alat Material Handling untuk Petugas Pengantar Air Galon dengan Metode OWAS, REBA & LI-NIOSH (Studi Kasus: PT Z – Depok, Meruyung)
Authors: Maharsayani Derdya , Sarvia Elty
Published: December 2021

Kebutuhan jasa antar air galon di masa pandemi diperlukan agar konsumen tidak keluar rumah untuk membeli galon. PT Z adalah distributor yang dapat mengantar galon hingga 200 air galon/hari. Petugas pengantar galon sering merasakan sakit badan, terlebih di tangan karena mengangkat galon secara manual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keluhan sakit badan petugas, menganalisis tingkat risiko postur, dan merancang AMH untuk mengurangi tingkat risiko cedera postur tubuh. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner Nordic Body Map, mengambil foto postur, serta mengukur dimensi bak truk. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis risiko postur berdasarkan persentase waktu kerja dengan metode OWAS (Ovako Work Analysis System), menganalisis tingkat risiko postur menggunakan sudut segmen tubuh dengan REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), dan analisis LI  (Lifting Index)-NIOSH untuk menghitung batas rekomendasi pengangkatan yang aman. Hasil OWAS ada 5 kegiatan dengan risiko tinggi, REBA ada 6 kegiatan dengan risiko sangat tinggi, dan LI-NIOSH 4 kegiatan seluruhnya berisiko cedera. Perlu ada tindakan perbaikan yaitu dengan merancang Alat Material Handling  lift galon dan hand trolley, setelah dirancang Alat Material Handling dihitung kembali risiko postur tubuh dengan metode OWAS dan REBA agar dapat mengetahui penurunan tingkat risikonya. Didapatkan penurunan tingkat risiko hingga 38% untuk metode OWAS dan 52% untuk metode REBA.
Sistem Pengaturan Suhu Boiler pada Sterilisasi Baglog dengan Kontrol PI
Authors: Adhisuwignjo Supriatna , Fauziyah Mila , Dewatama Denda , Witono Kris , Maulana Achmad Wildan
Published: December 2021

Jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) merupakan jamur kayu yang tumbuh berderet menyamping pada batang kayu lapuk. Sterilisasi merupakan proses budidaya jamur tiram. Sterilisasi digunakan untuk membunuh mikrooganisme pengganggu yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur. Boiler adalah salah satu mesin yang memanfaatkan uap air panas untuk proses sterilisasi baglog. Boiler diisi air lalu dipanaskan agar hingga mencapai suhu 80°C - 110°C, lalu uap air akan disuplai ke steamer untuk proses sterilisasi. Sistem pengaturan suhu boiler pada sterilisasi baglog dengan metode kontrol PI ini bertujuan untuk menjaga suhu agar tetap pada set point. Alat ini memudahkan seseorang untuk memonitoring suhu dalam boiler tanpa harus khawatir jika ada kesibukan yang lainnya. Alat ini dilengkapi dengan sensor suhu thermocouple K untuk membaca suhu pada boiler, dan motor DC digunakan untuk mengontrol putaran pada katup kompor yang mengatur besar kecilnya api pemanas, lalu LCD 16X2 untuk menampilkan suhu terbaca pada boiler yang dihubungkan ke Arduino UNO R3 sebagai mikrokontroler.
Perancangan Self-Assesment untuk Audit Internal ISO 9001:2015 dengan Metode Baldrige Scoring pada PT Alam Jaya Seafood
Authors: Hilary Xena , Karuniawan Aditia , Rahardjo Jani
Published: December 2021

Dalam menghadapi pasar internasional, mutu merupakan salah satu perhatian demi keberlangsungan bisnis pada suatu perusahaan. PT Alam Jaya Seafood memiliki fokus pada kegiatan ekspor dengan target pemasaran utama yaitu pasar Eropa dan Amerika sehingga jaminan mutu seperti sertifikasi ISO 9001:2015 merupakan hal yang penting untuk didapatkan. Saat ini, PT Alam Jaya Seafood sudah memiliki sertifikasi HACCP namun belum mendapatkan sertifikasi ISO 9001:2015. Penerapan dan pemenuhan persyaratan ISO mewajibkan adanya pelaksanaan Audit Internal. Salah satu metode alternatif untuk melakukan audit internal adalah dengan melakukan self-assessment. Self-assessment dapat dilakukan secara mandiri oleh perusahaan tanpa auditor dari luar sehingga lebih murah dan memakan waktu yang lebih singkat. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian dirancang dengan sistem penilaian audit internal secara mandiri atau self-assessment dengan menggunakan metode Baldrige Scoring. Hasil penelitian yaitu rancangan self-assessment yang meliputi rancangan pertanyaan dan degradasi penilaian yang dapat membantu PT Alam Jaya Seafood untuk mendapatkan sertifikasi ISO 9001:2015. Hasil dari Self Assesment tersebut diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk melakukan peningkatan dan perbaikan pada sistem manajemen mutu di PT Alam Jaya Seafood sehingga dapat membantu PT Alam Jaya Seafood dalam menentukan langkah-langkah yang harus dilakukan dalam perbaikan sesuai dengan penilaian Baldrige Scoring.
Identifikasi Penyebab dan Analisis Risiko Kegagalan Proses Produksi Geomembrane Pabrik Plastik Menggunakan Pendekatan FMEA
Authors: Arifianto Endra Yuafanedi , Briliana Ridha Nurlita
Published: December 2021

Perkembangan sektor industri dan kemajuan teknologi yang pesat menyebabkan persaingan antar perusahaan semakin ketat. Kualitas output yang baik dapat dihasilkan apabila menggunakan input dengan kualitas yang baik serta menjalankan proses produksi yang tepat dan sesuai standar kualitas . Untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen, perlu dilakukan identifikasi dan perbaikan secara menyeluruh terhadap kualitas dari produk yang dihasilkan. Meskipun proses pengendalian kualitas telah dilaksanakan sebaik mungkin, masih sering ditemukan ketidaksesuaian antara produk jadi dengan produk yang diharapkan. Beberapa faktor bisa mempengaruhi kondisi tersebut seperti mesin, material, lingkungan, manusia, dan metode yang digunakan. Dalam suatu proses produksi, seringkali ditemukan defect pada output. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan analisa terhadap penyebab dan risiko kegagalan produksi. Penerapan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) serta Root Cause Analysis (RCA) untuk mengetahui akar penyebab dari masalah defect produk supaya dapat dilakukan peningkatan kualitas oleh perusahaan.
Analisis Perbaikan Postur Kerja dengan Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) dan Metode Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA) Beban Fisik Pekerja Konstruksi (Studi Kasus: Pembangunan Jembatan Mlowo, Cs Nguter Sukoharjo)
Authors: Hartanti Sri , Sari Maria Puspita
Published: December 2021

Proyek konstruksi memiliki tekanan bagi para pekerja, sehingga memicu kelelahan, penyakit akibat kerja, sehingga menurunkan produktivitas. Pekerja melakukan penanganan material yang tidak tepat menggunakan Manual Material Handling, menyebabkan pekerja mengalami nyeri pada bagian tubuh. Otot para pekerja menerima beban statis terus-menerus dalam jangka waktu lama berpotensi mengakibatkan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis postur kerja para pekerja proyek konstruksi pembangunan Jembatan Mlowo, Cs Nguter Sukoharjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental di lokasi proyek, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan kuesioner CMDQ dan metode REBA. Terdapat 7 aktivitas yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini, sebab memiliki tingkat risiko tinggi dan dilakukan berulang, antara lain aktivitas penulangan, pemindahan baja tulangan, pengecoran (menahan bak penuang cor), pemasangan bagesting, pengecoran (mengalirkan cor), pemindahan girder, dan pemindahan las listrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua aktivitas memerlukan proses perbaikan. Berdasarkan kuesioner CMDQ, bagian tubuh yang sering dirasakan nyeri oleh pekerja adalah lengan atas. Penilaian dengan REBA, penulangan skor 7 (perlu perbaikan), pemindahan baja tulangan skor 10 (harus segara perbaikan), pengecoran (menahan bak) skor 11 (saat ini dilakukan perbaikan), pemasangan bagesting skor 7 (perlu perbaikan), mengalirkan pengecoran skor 9 (segera perbaikan), pemindahan girder skor 12 (perbaikan saat ini), dan pemindahan las listrik skor 10 (segera perbaikan).
Analisis Efektivitas Tenaga Kerja di Masa New Normal pada Departemen Finishing Menggunakan Overall Labor Effectiveness (OLE) (PT Iskandar Indah Printing Textile, Surakarta)
Authors: Anjani Riya , Pratiwi Indah
Published: December 2021

Overall Labor Effectiveness (OLE) adalah indikator kinerja kunci yang mengukur utilisasi, kinerja, dan kualitas tenaga kerja beserta dampaknya terhadap produktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas tenaga kerja PT Iskandar Indah Printing Textiledepartemen Finishing di masa new normal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah OLE dan five why analysis yang merupakan salah satu dari metode Root Cause Analysis (RCA) untuk mengetahui akar penyebab masalah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai OLE sebesar 54%, nilai tersebut masuk dalam pencapaian dengan tingkat wajar (fairly typical level) pada standar dunia dan masih terindikasi banyak ruang perbaikan yang harus dilakukan, nilai Availability sebesar 84%, nilai Performance sebesar 78%, dan nilai Qualitysebesar 89%, dengan penyebab nilai OLE rendah adalah operator tidak mencari jalan alternatif yang lebih dekat menuju perusahaan, tidak ada kontrol sparepart dari maintenance, tidak ada genset di departemen finishing dan kurangnya pelatihan kerja. Berdasarkan akar penyebab masalah tersebut diberikan usulan perbaikan yaitu: pemberian surat keterangan bekerja di sektor esensial, menerapkan continous improvement, pengajuan pengadaan genset dan melakukan pelatihan kerja.
PROCESOS COMUNICATIVOS SINCRÓNICOS Y ASINCRÓNICOS, UNA EXPERIENCIA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Montenegro Hidalgo Vanessa
Published: December 2021

El artículo alude al contexto educativo universitario a partir de un caso, que analiza las circunstancias y efectos provocados por el transito de la modalidad presencial a la virtual a lo largo de un año y medio de Pandemia Covid-19. El objetivo es analizar la repercusión que ha provocado especialmente la modalidad virtual en los ambientes de aprendizaje, y los efectos en las relaciones entredocentes y estudiantes a partir de sus prácticas comunicativas en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se aplicó una metodología mixta considerando una línea base al inicio de la Pandemia en estudiantes de carrera de una universidad pública; talleres participativoscon estudiantes; aplicación de encuesta; observación participante desde el rol docente; análisis descriptivo e interpretativo de fuentes bibliográficas, manteniendo una perspectiva crítica. Los resultados plantean transformaciones y paradojas en el contexto socioeducativo, afectación de la calidad académica a partir de la interacción docente-estudiante en modalidad virtual; bondades y limitaciones de la comunicación sincrónica y asincrónica, acuerdos y desacuerdos en el retorno progresivo a la presencialidad. Las conclusiones se plantean desde una postura crítica y propositiva hacia nuevos escenarios híbridos.