bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan konflik keluarga dengan perlakuan buli dalam kalangan
murid sekolah yang mempunyai kecenderungan membuli (The relationship between family conflict and bullying among school students who have a tendency to bully)
Authors: Saibon Jamalsafri , Zulkafli Syamsol Azhar
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to identify the relationship between family conflict and the level of bullying behaviour among male students in secondary school since bullying has become a very critical issue in schools. A survey was conducted in Malaysia that involved 480 male students, who were purposely selected through the Level Bullying Behaviour (TTLB) questionnaire instrument. The Family Conflict Frequency Questionnaire (KKK) was used to measure the level of student’s
family conflict. KKK used the Likert scale which applied a scale of 1-5 to identify the level of family conflict for students. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics i.e., Pearson correlation coefficient test is used to analyse the data that indicated ‘low moderate’ level of bullying behaviour among male students. The study also found that there was a significant relationship between family conflict variables with levels of bullying behaviour among the sample. One of the significant implications of this study is that family conflict factors should be given serious attention and considered in planning intervention programs to curb and prevent
the bullying phenomena from escalating into other serious problems in schools. IT is suggested that this study should be expanded to other states in a nationwide study and should include both female and male students in order to understand and grasp the seriousness and extent of bullying problems among secondary school students.
The Challenges and Initiatives of Teaching Product Design’s Course
Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia
Authors: Mohamed Kamil Muhammad Jameel , Sani Mohd Najib Abdullah
Published: August 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the schools and universities around the globe, including Malaysia, were compelled to cease their operations and migrate to online teaching and learning environment. Along with this ‘forced approach’ to learning, the educators were faced with several barriers and challenges that need to be addressed. This paper intends to determine the challenges of teaching and learning Product Design courses in Malaysian universities using the online environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also highlights some of the strategies and initiatives adopted and adapted by the lecturers of this course in surmounting those challenges. Using a real-time video interview, data were collected from 10 respondents from various faculties of Malaysian higher education institutions offering product design courses. The findings of the study point to a range of difficulties in teaching Product Design courses online, including the need for more delicate interactions to ensure efficiencies in teaching and learning design courses, as well as the evaluation methods to achieve design learning and design outcomes.
The Role of Motivation in Incidental Vocabulary Learning through
Academic Videos
Authors: Reddy Arathi Jane , Khera Mangeet Kaur , McLaughlin Jessica , Szabo Csaba Zoltan
Published: August 2021

Recent studies suggest incidental vocabulary learning (IVL) through audio-visual input to be effective for ESL vocabulary development. However, no research has been conducted on IVL gains from academic videos, an accessible, cost- and time-efficient educational tool. Furthermore, as studies suggest that students tend to have high motivation when videos are used during teaching, it is suggested that IVL gains could vary according to student motivation levels. Therefore, this research intends to address the gap of potential IVL gains for ESL learners through academic videos and its possible relationship with motivation. A total of 56 ESL pre-university students in an English-medium university in Malaysia participated in this study. IVL gains were measured through a modified Vocabulary Size Test including a target words test before and after watching the 10-minute academic video. Students’ motivation level was measured using a video motivation questionnaire. The results indicated a significant IVL gain with 0.78 (3.9%) of the target words learned on an average. However, no correlation was found between student motivation level and IVL gains. Therefore, results from this study may give an insight on how TESOL educators can integrate academic videos into innovative, formal and informal teaching practices to develop the vocabulary of ESL students through IVL.
The Effect of Different Coverings on Total Body Score Development of Buried Carcasses
Authors: Teo Chee Hau , Hing Hiang Lian , Hamzah Noor Hazfalinda , Albakri Amir Hamzah Sri Pawita
Published: August 2021

Background: Examination of post-mortem changes is one of the ways to assess decomposition process on buried bodies. Nonetheless, studies on such assessment are still lacking, especially on the effects of body coverings by different materials in burial conditions. The aim of this research is to study the effect of different types of covering towards decomposition on buried rabbit carcasses by using Total Body Score (TBS) system.
Methods: Twenty-seven rabbit carcasses were divided into: (i) No Clothing; (ii) Thick Clothing and (iii) Plastic Wrapping groups, and buried into individual shallow graves. One subject was exhumed from first to ninth post-burial week and assessed by using TBS system.
Results and Discussion: There are significant differences among TBS between different coverings while controlling the time factor, F (2, 23) = 4.80, P < 0.05, partial η2 = 0.294. TBS score for Plastic Wrapping group is significantly lower than No Clothing group over times at α = 0.05, P < 0.05. The slightly delaying effect of thick clothing is caused by design of jacket, which allows arthropods access and microbial activity. Relatively strong delaying effect by plastic covering could be caused by impermeable property that caused accumulation of decompositional products and slow down the degradation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, TBS system is a potential tool in describing rate of decomposition for buried cases in Malaysia.
Harnessing Social and Behavioural Change Strategies for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19: A Perspective from Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Vivian , Mushi Lilian
Published: August 2021

Social and behavioural change strategies are crucial to facilitating the adoption of preventive behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. For the success of such social and behavioural changes, the community should be aware of the interventions and willing to adhere to health advice. This letter details the strategies employed in Tanzania to accelerate the adoption of preventive behaviour and contain the spread of COVID-19.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Postpartum Depression in Primary Healthcare Centres in Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Myo Theigi , Hong Seo Ah , Thepthien Bang-On , Hongkrailert Nate
Published: August 2021

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) can have serious consequences on both the mother and infant. Despite the higher prevalence, there are limited numbers of studies on PPD in low- and middle-income countries, like Myanmar. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and associated factors of PPD in primary healthcare settings in Myanmar.
Methods: This cross-sectional online study was conducted with 220 mothers under 6 months postpartum in April–May 2020 and who registered in public health centres in Kungyangone Township, Yangon, Myanmar. The postpartum depression was measured with the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS, ≥ 13 scores). Independent variables included sociodemographic factors, obstetric and infant factors, psychosocial factors (social support and social media usage), health services utilisation and accessibility factors. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression were performed.
Results: Overall prevalence of depressive symptoms in 220 women under 6 months postpartum was 31.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.9, 37.3). In multiple logistic regression, unplanned pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.946), less than four times antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR: 2.518), travel time more than 1 h to reach health centres (AOR: 3.068) and birth interval more than 5 years (AOR: 4.594) were more likely to be associated with PPD, while preterm delivery (AOR: 0.091) was inversely associated.
Conclusion: This study showed the relatively high prevalence of PPD and the strong association with preterm delivery, pregnancy intention, breastfeeding status, birth interval as well as frequency of ANC received and travel time to health centre. It may suggest that maternal mental health services should be integrated with existing maternal and child health (MCH) services for early detection and prevention of depression symptoms with promotion of MCH services utilisation and improved accessibility among mothers in primary healthcare setting.
The Cut-Off Score of Four Clinical Tests to Quantify Balance Impairment in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Udompanich Nontawit , Thanasootr Kanok-on , Chanavirut Raoyrin , Chatchawan Uraiwan , Hunsawong Torkamol
Published: August 2021

Background: Balance impairment is a common consequence of chronic ankle instability (CAI). This study aimed to assess the discriminative validity of four clinical tests for quantifying balance impairment in individuals with CAI.
Methods: Participants were screened for their balance using the single-leg balance test (SLBT) and were assigned to either the positive or the negative SLBT groups. Fifty-four individuals with CAI (N = 27 per group) were recruited and completed four clinical tests including the foot-lift test (FLT), the time-in-balance test (TIBT), the modified star excursion balance test in the posteromedial (mSEBT-PM) direction and the side-hop test (SHT). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve coupled with Youden index were calculated to determine the optimal cut-off scores of each test.
Results: We found significant differences in balance between groups for all tests, with good to excellent values for the area under the ROC curve (AUC). All four tests reached good to excellent sensitivity and specificity values and had significant cut-off scores to discriminate balance performance among CAI participants.
Conclusion: All four clinical tests can be conducted with their respective cut-off scores to quantify balance impairment in individuals with CAI.
Impact of COVID-19 on unorganized Indian retail markets
Authors: S.D. Khaled Amgad , Ismail Alshaketheep Khaled , I. Tabash Mosab , Azmi Khan Mohammad , Ahmad Al-Omari Mohammad
Published: August 2021

As informal workers struggle to survive the current crisis, there is reason to believe that more strain would also be exerted on the already fragile sector in the post-crisis era. The implications of the COVID-19 outbreak for the informal economy will continue. Faced with a long crisis, the global economy would likely shrink demand for informal goods and services. The primary goal of this paper is to study consumer behavior during the pandemic, investigate government-implemented Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the unorganized retail sector, and determine if consumers prefer to have goods delivered to their homes rather than visit retail stores. This paper collected information from a number of Indian customers who made unorganized retail transactions in New Delhi and NCR Region. The sample was taken from 700 citizens of New Delhi, India. The study found that product variety, digital payment, scheduling, free delivery and lower speed have a significant effect on customer behavior. In addition, SOPs do not influence consumer behavior. The main reasons for choosing a specific channel are simple availability, security, less hassle, and compliance with all laws. The pandemic led to a renewed trust in the local Kirana shop, with new clients visiting metro and non-metro shops locally. The system in Kirana has changed from physical sales to digital aviation because of the pandemic.
Managing research and development process in conditions of economic growth of Kazakhstan: Methods and analysis
Authors: Kireyeva Anel , Kangalakova Dana , Kredina Anna , Satpayeva Zaira , Urdabayev Marat
Published: August 2021

This study aims to assess the relationship between R&D and economic growth in terms of their ability to understand R&D management. In the paper, the algorithm of actions was used, which allows ensuring interconnection, sequence of work, validity of the choice of the methods used, and defining key factors over a long period. The following methods of the empirical study were used: analysis of the provision of level development; regional analysis of the data; correlation analysis. Based on correlation analysis the impact of economic growth on R&D was investigated, which is expressed by such variables as the number of organizations engaged in R&D, internal expenditures in R&D, expenditures for technological innovations, number of employees in R&D. The data were obtained from the World Bank, the Eurasian Economic Union, and the statistical yearbook of Kazakhstan for 2009–2019. The results obtained show that all determinants correlate not only with the GDP but with each other as well. According to the findings, viewing the GDP level, there is a positive and negative correlation link between such two factors as ‘the number of research organizations’ and ‘R&D technological innovations’. These coefficients of correlation between GDP and independent factors selected for the analysis are significant, i.e. they can significantly affect the value of the GDP. The obtained results are useful in formulating the R&D development management strategy.
AcknowledgmentsThis study has been funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (grant IRN AP08052800 “Intellectual potential of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan: assessment and development prospects”).
Duygusal Bağlılık, Örgüt Kaynaklı Öz Saygı, Örgütsel Adalet ve Destek Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi
Authors: POLAT Şule
Published: August 2021

Giriş: Çalışanlar üzerinde önemli etkileri olan örgütsel davranışlar görme yetersizliği olan öğretmenler bakımından daha hassas bir durum oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ilköğretim ve ortaöğretim kurumlarında görevli görme yetersizliği olan öğretmenlerin görüşlerine göre örgütsel adalet, duygusal bağlılık, örgüt kaynaklı öz saygı ve algılanan örgütsel destek arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.Yöntem: Örneklemi 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında ilköğretim ve ortaöğretim kurumlarında görevli 154 görme yetersizliği olan öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada, ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler nicel teknikler aracılığıyla çözümlenmiştir. “Duygusal Bağlılık Ölçeği, Örgütsel Destek Ölçeği, Örgütsel Adalet Algısı Ölçeği, Örgüt Kaynaklı Öz saygı Ölçeği” veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Veri analizinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve parametrik testler uygulanmıştır.Bulgular: Bulgular, öğretmenlerin örgütsel destek algı düzeylerinin erkek öğretmenler ve evli öğretmenler lehine farklılaştığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin örgüt kaynaklı özsaygı algı düzeylerinin de erkek öğretmenler lehine farklılaştığını göstermiştir. Örgütsel adalet algısı ile örgüt kaynaklı öz saygı arasında, örgütsel adalet algıları ile algılanan örgütsel destek arasında ve duygusal bağlılık ile örgüt kaynaklı öz saygı arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak; örgüt kaynaklı öz saygı, örgütsel adalet algısı ve duygusal örgütsel bağlılığın, örgütsel destek algısının anlamlı yordayıcıları olduğu saptanmıştır.Tartışma: İlköğretim ve ortaöğretim kurumlarında görevli görme yetersizliği olan öğretmenlerin okullarına olan duygusal bağlılıklarının orta düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Görme yetersizliği olmayan öğretmenlerle yapılan çalışmalar da benzer sonuçlar çıkması, görme yetersizliğinin öğretmenlerde duygusal bağlılığı etkilemediğini göstermektedir. Alanyazın incelendiğinde okul yöneticilerinin görme yetersizliği olan öğretmenle çalışmaya çok istekli olmamalarına karşın öğretmenlerine destek verdikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Okullarda örgütsel adaletin sağlanması durumunda örgütsel desteğin ve örgüt kaynaklı özsaygının arttığı bu çalışma ile bir kez daha görülmektedir.
The Image of Authority in Basma Abd al-Aziz’s Dystopian Novel The Queue
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Mokrushina Amalia A.
Published: August 2021

The article presents an overview of the new dystopia genre in Arabic literature as well as the main reasons and prerequisites for its appearance. The interest of Arab authors in the newly discovered genre of the dystopian novel has grown markedly, which is primarily due to serious political, economic and social changes affecting the region. The situation in some Arab countries offers many avenues in which society can develop, and literature was the first to respond to this. Egypt has become one of the centers of global change that has affected the Middle East. Young Egyptian intellectuals tend to soberly assess the situation that has developed since the Arab Spring and writers have offered their own vision of the situation in the country. As an example of a modern dystopia, the novel The Queue by Basma Abd al-Aziz was chosen. The Queue does not have a traditional dystopian oppositional character. However, of the significant images of the novel to which the writer draws attention is the image of authority, which is impersonal and inaccessible to the common people. There is no mention of the name of the country where the events of The Queue unfold, but the reader easily recognizes Egypt. In the study a comprehensive approach was used, as well as cultural and sociological methods of analysis and interviews.
Features of Chinese Animalistic Prose on the Example of Gerel-Сhimeg Black Crane’s Novel Black Flame
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rodionova Oxana P.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the themes, images, and artistic features of the animalistic novel Black Flame (2006) by the Chinese writer of Mongolian origin Gerel-Сhimeg Black Сrane’s. The general and comparative analysis of the novel not only reveals the peculiarities of the author’s individual style, but also characterizes the general trends in the development of animalistic prose in China and abroad. Respect for the laws of nature, as well as the theme of love and devotion of an animal to man, run through the entire novel Black Flame as red threads. A characteristic feature of the work is the combination of scientific and artistic styles. Such qualities of the writer as truthfulness and subtle understanding of animal psychology are also remarkable. Among the features of Black Crane’s artistic style, one can note the poetic language enriched with original metaphors and epithets. Instead of the usual narration of the characters’ actions, Gerel-Chimeg focuses on the physical and mental sensations evoked by these actions and transmitted to the readers. The writer does not humanize animals, nevertheless, he manages to penetrate their inner world through the use of a rich arsenal of smells, sounds and even tactile sensations. Today, Gerel-Chimeg is an original and iconic figure among Chinese writers of this genre. The article emphasizes that animalistic literature of such a level plays an important role both in the study of the wild world as well as in the education of humanity in people. The novel Black Flame not only enriches our knowledge of nature and animals of northern and western China, but also evokes a powerful emotional response from the readers.
Medical Terms in the Arabic Manuscript Kitāb al-mi’a fi al-ṭibb (“Hundred Books on the Skills of Medicine”) by Abu Sahl Isa b. Yahya al-Masihi (the 11th Century)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gerasimov Igor V. , Akel Yaser H. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2021

The article is based on the manuscript “Hundred books on skills of Medicine” by Abu Sahl al-Masihi from the collection of the Oriental Department of the Gorky Library of St. Petersburg State University (Ms. O 667). The author of this written monument was regarded as the teacher of Ibn Sina (Avicenna). The text of Abu Sahl al-Masihi is an encyclopedic medical treatise of the XI century. It consists of one hundred “books”, each of which is a separate and independent chapter dedicated to a specific problem of theoretical or practical medicine. The article presents an analysis of Arabic medical terms found in the table of contents to the first book. They can be divided into four categories: borrowings from other languages, obsolete terms, terms found in the Qur’an, and terms with Arabic roots. The authors of the article cited fragments of Quranic texts as an illustration of the early origin of some terms for physiological states. The medical knowledge and traditions of the Arabs played a decisive role in the development of Arab-Muslim medieval medicine. Medical terms of the Arabs, introduced into scientific circulation in the early Middle Ages, are actively used in modern Arabic. The results of the lexical analysis of medical terminology from the first “book” of the treatise reflect the scale of the phenomenon called Arab-Muslim medieval medicine.
Evolutionary theories and the philosophy of science
Authors:   Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Levit Georgy S. , Hossfeld Uwe ,   Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Published: August 2021

Philosophical theories proceeding from the history of physical-mathematical sciences are hardly applicable to the analysis of biosciences and evolutionary theory, in particular. This article briefly reconstructs the history of evolutionary theory beginning with its roots in the 19th century and up to the ultracontemporary concepts. Our objective is to outline the dynamics of Darwinism and anti-Darwinism from the perspective of the philosophy of science. We begin with the arguments of E. Mayr against the applicability of T. Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions to the history of biology. Mayr emphasized that Darwin’s publication of the Origin of Species in 1859 caused a genuine scientific revolution in biology, but it was not a Kuhnian revolution. Darwin coined several theories comprising a complex theoretical system. Mayr defined five most crucial of these theories: evolution as such, common descent of all organisms including man, gradualism, the multiplication of species explaining organic diversity, and, finally, the theory of natural selection. Distinguishing these theories is of great significance because their destiny in the history of biology substantially differed. The acceptance of one theory by the majority of the scientific community does not necessarily mean the acceptance of others. Another argument by Mayr proved that Darwin caused two scientific revolutions in biology, which Mayr referred to as the First and Second Darwinian Revolutions. The Second Darwinian Revolution happened already in the 20th century and Mayr himself was its active participant. Both revolutions followed Darwin’s concept of natural selection. The period between these two revolutions can be in no way described as “normal science” in Kuhnian terms. Our reconstruction of the history of evolutionary theory support Mayr’s anti-Kuhnian arguments. Furthermore, we claim that the “evolution of evolutionary theory” can be interpreted in terms of the modified research programmes theory by Imre Lakatos, though not in their “purity”, but rather modified and combined with certain aspects of Marxian-Hegelian dialectics.
Classical Eurasians on the civilizational identity of Russia
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Tsitkilov Peter Ya.
Published: August 2021

Philosophical and world outlook understanding of the problem of civilizational identity of Russia acquires special relevance in connection with the preservation of the Eurasian civilizational breakdown that arose at the end of the 20th century. To prepare a new civilization project, it is important to use the theoretical legacy of prominent Russian thinkers, including the classics of Eurasianism. The purpose of the article is an objective analysis of classical Eurasianism, the comprehension of its most important provisions, taking into account the modern realities of Russian society. Using historical and philosophical methodology, critical analysis, methodology of civilizational theories, the author of the article substantiates the conclusion about the scientific significance of the Eurasian concept of civilizational identity of Russia. Its components are examined in a systematic form, such as the perception of Russia-Eurasia as a whole civilizational continent of an equal Europe, the idea of a “symphonic personality” in Eurasian culture, the idea of pan-European nationalism, the idea of establishing social justice, the provision on strengthening the religious element to strengthen the spiritual principle, etc. The article provides a critical analysis of some judgments of historical Eurasians, including their idea of absolutizing the role of the state, the theory of “potential Orthodoxy”, etc. An important conclusion of the article is the provision that Eurasianism is not a teaching hostile to the West, but a different non-Western scientific perception of the historical fate and civilizational development of Russia. Concrete examples substantiate the claim that it is necessary to distinguish fair criticism of classical Eurasianism from its simplified and largely biased assessments. The author of the article concludes that understanding the heritage of the classics of Eurasianism is necessary to develop a social project for the cultural and civilizational revival of the Russian Federation and the entire area of Northeast Eurasia.
Ca2+ removal from water by the use of Na-palygorskite for potential water softening
Authors: Gianni Eleni , Panagopoulos Georgios , Katsanou Konstantina , Biniaris Alexandros
Published: August 2021

Sodium-treated palygorskite (Na-Pal) sample was investigated for the sorption of Ca2+ ions with the aim of treating water hardness. The effective modification of the mineral with Na+ was verified by XRD and FT-IR techniques. Batch kinetic experiments in standard solutions were performed proving that 30 g/L of Na-Pal were highly satisfactory as the Ca2+ removal reached the 85% for 100 mg/L Ca2+ initial concentration, which is very promising for the softening of moderate or hard waters. The Ca2+ removal found to be pH and temperature independent, with high removal rates at room temperature and common pH values of water samples (pH 4–12), rendering these circumstances ideal for the low-cost maintenance of the procedure that took place within the first 5 min. The linear form of the Langmuir isotherm model expressed better (R2 = 1) the Ca2+ sorption, which means that takes place at specific homogeneous sites of Na-Pal. Thermodynamic analysis proved the non-spontaneous (positive ΔG0), physical, and exothermic nature (ΔH0 = −10.8197 kJ/mol) of the reaction, while the kinetic models proved the chemisorption of Ca2+ by Na-Pal.
Investigation on the fate of quinolone antibiotics in three drinking water treatment plants of China
Authors: Liu Zhiquan , Xu Yongpeng , Wang Yuan , Cui Fuyi
Published: August 2021

Quinolone (QN) antibiotics are widely used all over the world and have been frequently detected in source water, but the occurrence in tap water and the treatment efficiencies of QNs by drinking-water treatment plants (DWTPs) were rarely reported. In the present study, the occurrence and distribution of six representative QNs in three urban DWTPs of China were investigated. The results showed that the concentrations of total QNs in the three source waters ranged from 26.4 ng/L to 313.8 ng/L and all of the six QNs were detectable with a detection frequency of 100% (4.6 to 121.7 ng/L). Enrofloxacin (ENR) and ofloxacin (OFL) were the dominant species of QNs and accounted for 40.1% to 79.5% of the total QNs. After the treatments, there were still considerable QNs in the finished water (total amounts of 74.9 ng/L to 148.4 ng/L). The adsorbed QNs could be readily treated with the removal of turbidity by DWTPs, but only a part of the dissolved QNs (13.6% to 68.5%) can be removed. This implies that the dissolved QNs were more hazardous in the source water. Pre-oxidation and disinfection could remove 15.8 ± 8.3% and 16.9 ± 10.8% of dissolved QNs, respectively, depending on the chemical structure of QNs and the types of oxidant. Chemical oxidation was more efficient than coagulation-sedimentation and filtration for the treatment of dissolved QNs. Ozone-granular activated carbon filtration may fail to remove dissolved QNs in the actual DWTPs, because of the insufficient dosage of oxidant and the competition effect of natural organic matter.
Características psicológicas de la intención emprendedora en egresados universitarios en la ciudad de Victoria de Durango, Durango (México)
Authors: Lechuga Nevárez Mayelo del Rayo , Vázquez Rueda Leonardo
Published: August 2021

El estudio de la intención emprendedora ha recibido una especial atención de investigadores, empresarios y docentes, sobre todo como un elemento que propicia la creación de empresas, fomenta el empleo y hace posible el desarrollo y el crecimiento económicos. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las características psicológicas como un factor que influye en la intención emprendedora. La teoría del comportamiento planificado de Azjen (1991) da lugar a la per-tinencia de este estudio. La hipótesis de la investigación es que la intención emprendedora se ve determinada por las características psicológicas de los emprendedores universitarios egresados de las diferentes especialidades de una institución de educación superior de la ciudad de Victoria de Durango, estado de Durango (México). El paradigma hipotético se confirmó con la técnica de modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados confirman la hipótesis. Los factores que conforman las características psicológicas analizadas son positivos y significativamente relacionados con la intención emprendedora.
Los inicios de la Capoeira Angola en Corea del Sur: un nuevo capítulo en la historia de una práctica transnacional
Authors: Contreras Domínguez José Antonio
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo expone los resultados de un trabajo de investigación realizado con el fin de encontrar los orígenes y llegada de la práctica afrobrasileña de Capoeira del estilo Angola a la República de Corea y en específico a su capital Seúl, a partir del establecimiento de grupos de practicantes. La reconstrucción de la narrativa está hecha a partir de las impresiones y relatos de sus principales protagonistas. Con esta información se entabla un diálogo con algunas de las teorías representativas de la globalización de la cultura y con los aportes de investigaciones previas acerca de la historia de esta práctica y su peregrinaje cultural.
Historiar fotografías
Authors: Chávez Mancilla Ángel
Published: August 2021

La presente reseña busca destacar la reflexión teórica y metodológica que guía la reflexión del libro Historiar fotografías de John Mraz, que se centra en las diversas relaciones que se pueden establecer entre la historia y la fotografía. Se abordan las diferencias entre la utilización de la fotografía como fuente y como objeto de estudio, que deriva en dos operaciones historiográficas diferentes: hacer historia con fotografía y elaborar historia de la fotografía. De igual forma se aborda la relación entre la historia de la fotografía y la del arte, en vínculo con la historia social y la cultural.
Design, Construction and Experimental Study of a Solar Still for Brackish Water Purification under Djiboutian Climate
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed-awal A. , Elmi Idil M. , Egueh Abdoul-Nasser D. , Igueh Abdourachid I. , Daher Daha H.
Published: August 2021

A single sloped solar still were designed and fabricated to operate under Djibouti city weather condition during the period April-May 2019. In this study, a single slope solar still has been constructed from materials available on the local market. Series of experiments were carried out on solar still using brackish water. Ambient temperature, water temperature in basin, absorber plate temperature, glass cover temperature and vapor temperature were measured along with the hourly water production. This study has revelead that the vapor temperature is always above that the others temperatures for all the four days of experiments. Then, the effect of water amount in the basin on productivity of solar still was investigated using different amount of water 6 L, 8 L, 10 L and 12 L. The experimental results show that the total accumulated distillate output for the single slope solar still is 2490 mL, 2390 mL, 2240 mL and 2015 mL, respectively. However, it is observed that with increase in basin water amount distillate water production decreases. On the other hand, the effect of wind speed on the daily productivity of solar still is evaluated. Experimental investigations show that the cumulative productivity increases when the wind speed average increase. Finally, water quality analyses were conducted before and after the experiments. The average analysis results obtained showed a removal efficiency of 98.16%, 98.42%, 97.43% and 95.39% for TDS, electrical conductivity, hardness water and chloride, respectively. It was also observed that data obtained of the product water were within the normal range prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO) standards.
Evaluation of seismic capacity and response according to the nonlinear modeling approach of members in steel moment frames
Authors: Mehr Alireza Kian
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the aim is to evaluate the seismic behavior of steel momment frames by nonlinear static analysis and incremental dynamic analysis. In this regard, 5 and 10 story frames in both intermediate and special ductility have been used. Since the type of sections and elements used in modeling are among the parameters that affect the behavior of the structure, in this study, which was performed using Opensees software, fiber sections were used for two types of beam elements. Non-linear column (distributed plasticity) and articulated beam element (concentrated plasticity) are used. The results of the analysis show that the ratio of the collapse capacity of the frames to each other varies between 1% to 6%. On the other hand, by deepening the research on one of the frames, it was shown that the stiffness ratio between the end springs and the middle member will affect the difference between the collapse capacity shown in the analysis.
Однофотонное излучение одиночной квантовой точки CdTeSe/ZnS в ближнем инфракрасном диапазоне при комнатной температуре
Authors: Jin Siyue , Xu Xingsheng
Published: August 2021

In this study, the photostability of a CdTeSe/ZnS colloidal single photon emitter with a wavelength of 800nm at room temperature was investigated. The second-order correlation function was much smaller than 0.1, which proved that the CdTeSe/ZnS single quantum dot at 800nm is a highly pure single-photon emitter. The effects of the irradiation time on the optical properties from single quantum dots were analyzed. As the illumination time increased, the emission of biexciton and multiexciton in the colloidal quantum dots increased, and the occurrence of Auger recombination increased.
Источник квантового шума на основе детектирования дробового шума балансного фотоприемника с управляемым интегрально-оптическим светоделителем
Authors: Лебедев В.В. , Петров В.М. , Ильичев И.В. , Агрузов П.М. , Шамрай А.В.
Published: August 2021

Broadband quantum noise source based on the shot noise detection of a balanced photodetector is demonstrated. Precise electro-optical tuning of the balanced photodetector circuit was carried out by an integrated optical beam splitter in the form of the dual output Mach-Zehnder interferometer on a lithium niobate substrate. The classical component of the detected noise related to the relative intensity noise of a laser diode was suppressed by more than 15 dB. At the maximum laser power of 100 mW, power spectral density of detected shot noise was 12 dB higher than the level of technical noise of the measuring system in the frequency band above 3 GHz.
Исследование фотоэлектрических характеристик GaAs-фотопреобразователей при различном расположении массива квантовых точек InGaAs в i-области
Authors: Салий Р.А. , Минтаиров М.А. , Минтаиров С.А. , Нахимович М.В. , Шварц М.З. , Калюжный Н.А.
Published: August 2021

The positioning of In0.8Ga0.2As quantum dots (QDs) array in the i-region of the solar cell (SC) on its photogenerated current and the dark saturation currents, which determine the operating voltage of the device, have been investigated. It was found that the indicated photoelectric characteristics depend on the location of the QD array relative to the electric field of the p-n junction. The displacement of the QD array to the boundary of the weakly doped base leads to a decrease in the photogenerated current. But at the same time, the voltage drop effect, which is well-known for nanoheterostructural SC, is minimal.
Влияние температуры отжига на кинетику процесса алюминий-индуцированной кристаллизации тонких пленок аморфного субоксида кремния
Authors: Меркулова И.Е. , Замчий А.О. , Лунев Н.А. , Константинов В.О. , Баранов -=SUP=-1-=/SUP=- Е.А.
Published: August 2021

In this work, the kinetics of aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) of non-stoichiometric silicon oxide a-SiO0.25 was investigated for annealing temperatures of 370, 385 and 400 °C, as a result of which thin films of polycrystalline silicon were obtained. It is shown that for low annealing temperatures, the surface morphology of the crystalline material is represented by dendric structures corresponding to the growth model with diffusion-limited aggregation. In addition, with an increase in the annealing temperature, the nucleation density increases from 3 to 53 mm–2. From the Arrhenius plot, the activation energy of the AIC process of a-SiO0.25 was obtained for the first time, which was 3.7±0.4 eV.
Political Change in Perspective of New Marxism
Authors: Abdullah Kanaan , Shareef Aryan
Published: August 2021

Political Change in Perspective of New Marxism this paper search the concept of political change in perspective of the new Marxist. The paper approved that new Marxist reject the violence as way to change in political life. The new Marxism support the reform and peace methods in change process, and they are rejected the perspective of Marxist parties that adopted revolution as the only methods of change.
The role of communication technology in political change and the freedom of digital media
Authors: Bali Ahmed , Saeed Kurdistan , Abdullah Kanaan
Published: August 2021

This study examines the nature of the relationship between journalists and politicians in the age of media entrepreneurship, with emphasis on the factors and challenges faced by both media entrepreneurs and politicians while using digital media. This study relies on an inductive approach through using the qualitative method, this involves conducting interviews (N: 41) with journalists to discover whether they work in traditional media organizations or/and own and manage digital media enterprises, it also brings to lights new information about politicians, especially those who have media inclinations. This study reveals that digital media provide journalists with opportunities to achieve professional and financial independence. However, their work in the context of Iraqi scope does not go beyond spreading propaganda and promoting various agenda of political parties and politicians. In terms of the content of media entrepreneurship, this study unveils anonymous social media which are affiliated with/ or supported by politicians which work as piracy for trolling political opponents and activists. It is assumed that such social media have serious repercussions for freedom and privacy. This worries activists and journalists that they are unable to express their opinions freely for fear of being attacked by anonymous social media working on behalf of politicians. Therefore, the ethics of social media and their ownership seems to be a major concern in the Iraqi political media space, and it should be taken into consideration in future research.
Public Attitudes and Factors of COVID-19 Testing Hesitancy in the United Kingdom and China: Comparative Infodemiology Study
Authors: Lin Leesa , Song Yi , Wang Qian , Pu Jialu , Sun Fiona Yueqian , Zhang Yixuan , Zhou Xinyu , Larson Heidi J , Hou Zhiyuan
Published: August 2021

Background

Massive community-wide testing has become the cornerstone of management strategies for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

This study was a comparative analysis between the United Kingdom and China, which aimed to assess public attitudes and uptake regarding COVID-19 testing, with a focus on factors of COVID-19 testing hesitancy, including effectiveness, access, risk perception, and communication.

Methods

We collected and manually coded 3856 UK tweets and 9299 Chinese Sina Weibo posts mentioning COVID-19 testing from June 1 to July 15, 2020. Adapted from the World Health Organization’s 3C Model of Vaccine Hesitancy, we employed social listening analysis examining key factors of COVID-19 testing hesitancy (confidence, complacency, convenience, and communication). Descriptive analysis, time trends, geographical mapping, and chi-squared tests were performed to assess the temporal, spatial, and sociodemographic characteristics that determine the difference in attitudes or uptake of COVID-19 tests.

Results

The UK tweets demonstrated a higher percentage of support toward COVID-19 testing than the posts from China. There were much wider reports of public uptake of COVID-19 tests in mainland China than in the United Kingdom; however, uncomfortable experiences and logistical barriers to testing were more expressed in China. The driving forces for undergoing COVID-19 testing were personal health needs, community-wide testing, and mandatory testing policies for travel, with major differences in the ranking order between the two countries. Rumors and information inquiries about COVID-19 testing were also identified.

Conclusions

Public attitudes and acceptance toward COVID-19 testing constantly evolve with local epidemic situations. Policies and information campaigns that emphasize the importance of timely testing and rapid communication responses to inquiries and rumors, and provide a supportive environment for accessing tests are key to tackling COVID-19 testing hesitancy and increasing uptake.
Peer Review of “Utility of the ROX Index in Predicting Intubation for Patients With COVID-19–Related Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Receiving High-Flow Nasal Therapy: Retrospective Cohort Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Roy Archisman
Published: August 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Peer Review of “Utility of the ROX Index in Predicting Intubation for Patients With COVID-19–Related Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Receiving High-Flow Nasal Therapy: Retrospective Cohort Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Sehgal Mukul
Published: August 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Effectiveness of Using Augmented Reality for Training in the Medical Professions: Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Baashar Yahia , Alkawsi Gamal , Ahmad Wan Nooraishya Wan , Alhussian Hitham , Alwadain Ayed , Capretz Luiz Fernando , Babiker Areej , Alghail Adnan
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive technology that uses persuasive digital data and real-world surroundings to expand the user's reality, wherein objects are produced by various computer applications. It constitutes a novel advancement in medical care, education, and training.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this work was to assess how effective AR is in training medical students when compared to other educational methods in terms of skills, knowledge, confidence, performance time, and satisfaction.

METHODS

We performed a meta-analysis on the effectiveness of AR in medical training that was constructed by using the Cochrane methodology. A web-based literature search was performed by using the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases to find studies that recorded the effect of AR in medical training up to April 2021. The quality of the selected studies was assessed by following the Cochrane criteria for risk of bias evaluations.

RESULTS

In total, 13 studies with a total of 654 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The findings showed that using AR in training can improve participants' performance time (I2=99.9%; P<.001), confidence (I2=97.7%; P=.02), and satisfaction (I2=99.8%; P=.006) more than what occurs under control conditions. Further, AR did not have any effect on the participants’ knowledge (I2=99.4%; P=.90) and skills (I2=97.5%; P=.10). The meta-regression plot shows that there has been an increase in the number of articles discussing AR over the years and that there is no publication bias in the studies used for the meta-analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this work suggest that AR can effectively improve performance time, satisfaction, and confidence in medical training but is not very effective in areas such as knowledge and skill. Therefore, more AR technologies should be implemented in the field of medical training and education. However, to confirm these findings, more meticulous research with more participants is needed.
Patient- and Provider-Reported Experiences of a Mobile Novel Digital Therapeutic in People With Opioid Use Disorder (reSET-O): Feasibility and Acceptability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kawasaki Sarah , Mills-Huffnagle Sara , Aydinoglo Nicole , Maxin Halley , Nunes Edward
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder, such as buprenorphine, are effective and essential for addressing the opioid epidemic. However, high dropout rates from medication remain a challenge. Behavioral treatment with contingency management and cognitive behavioral counseling has shown promise for improving the outcomes of buprenorphine treatment but is complicated to deliver. The delivery of behavioral treatment through technology-based platforms has the potential to make it more feasible for widespread dissemination.

OBJECTIVE

reSET-O is a prescription digital therapeutic and a commercial adaptation of the Therapeutic Education System, an internet-based program with a Community Reinforcement Approach to cognitive behavioral therapy. It delivers cognitive behavioral therapy modules and contingency management rewards upon completion of modules and negative urine drug screens. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of reSET-O in a community-based opioid treatment program with a Hub and Spoke model of care as part of a larger strategy to maintain individuals in treatment. Objective and qualitative results, as well as acceptability and likeability of reSET-O, were obtained from 15 individuals.

METHODS

English-speaking individuals aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of current opioid use disorder were recruited after being on buprenorphine for at least 1 week of treatment. Two 12-week prescriptions for reSET-O were written for the 24-week study. Patient reports of drug use and likeability scales of reSET-O were conducted at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 24 of the study. Qualitative interviews were also conducted. A total of 4 providers were recruited and provided feedback on the acceptability and feasibility of reSET-O.

RESULTS

Of the 15 participants who participated in this pilot study, 7 (47%) completed 24 weeks, and 8 (53%) were unable to complete because of dropout after enrollment, attrition in treatment, or incarceration. An average of US $96 in contingency management rewards were earned by participants for the completion of modules for the duration of the pilot study. Participants’ subjective feedback revealed that reSET-O was easy to use, enjoyable, and helped provide a safe space to admit recurring substance use.

CONCLUSIONS

reSET-O was well accepted based on patient and provider feedback in this pilot study; however, adherence and retention in treatment remain areas for improvement. Randomized control trials are needed to assess whether retention of community-based buprenorphine treatment is enhanced through the use of technology-based behavioral interventions such as reSET-O.