bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of corporate governance disclosure: a study on Brazilian companies
Authors: Oliveira Marcelle Colares , Ceglia Domenico , Lima Lais Silva , Ponte Vera Maria Rodrigues
Published: October 2017

This study aims to compare Brazilian legislation to United Nations’ international recommendation with respect to the influence of each on the disclosure level of Brazilian companies’ CG practices. The theoretical approach is institutional theory. It is an exploratory study because CG disclosure is an insufficiently studied phenomenon in the light of institutional theory. The research amounts to a qualitative but also a quantitative one since its procedures encompass content analysis techniques to collect data and statistical tools to analyze them. Data were collected from all the companies belonging to IBOV Index, an indicator of the average quotations of Brazilian stock market’s most traded, representative shares. It was concluded that coercive forces exert more influence on the disclosure of corporate governance by the Brazilian companies studied, which means legally required indicators were more disclosed than those simply recommended by United Nations.
Contabilidade para usuários externos: uma análise da produção científica brasileira à luz do congresso ANPCONT de 2007 a 2016
Authors: Ribeiro Henrique César Melo
Published: October 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o perfil e o comportamento das publicações relacionadas a área temática contabilidade para usuários externos divulgada no congresso Anpcont de 2007 a 2016. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa utilizou as técnicas de análise bibliométrica e sociométrica. Os principais achados foram: Fernando Dal-Ri Murcia, Marcelo Alvaro da Silva Macedo e Roberto Carlos Klann foram os autores mais profícuos. As instituições mais produtivas foram: USP, Fucape, UFPB, FURB, UFC e UFRJ. Observou-se pouca densidade e ao mesmo tempo alta centralidade de grau e de intermediação nas redes de coautoria e das instituições. Os temas mais publicados foram: gerenciamento de resultados, normas internacionais de contabilidade, disclosure, governança corporativa, informação contábil, investimento, auditoria, disclosure voluntário, gestão pública e disclosure ambiental.
Apropriação da informação: o processo de construção do conhecimento de catadores de materiais recicláveis
Authors: Gomes Suely Henrique , Ribeiro Geisa Müller de Campos , Rezende Laura Vilela Rodrigues
Published: October 2017

Este artigo aborda o processo de construção do conhecimento de catadores de materiais recicláveis organizados em cooperativas e assessorados pelo projeto de incubação social da Universidade Federal de Goiás, a partir do tensionamento entre o conhecimento científico e o comum. No que concerne aos aspectos metodológicos, trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa e quanto aos objetivos caracteriza-se como descritiva – exploratória. Os dados foram coletados via observação participante. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se que a construção do conhecimento dos catadores inseridos no contexto de incubação social ocorre via interação significativa. Isto é, quando, por meio do diálogo e imerso em estratégias metodológicas criativas, o sujeito significa as informações, provocando mudanças em sua base simbólica de conhecimento. Essa transformação ocorre somente mediante processo comunicativo. Por meio da interação, o sujeito é problematizado ao exercer a análise crítica sobre sua realidade atual como catador. Assim, ele ressignifica sua identidade, desenvolve seu sentimento de pertença, estabelece os vínculos com o grupo que trabalha e se apropria das informações que são mediadas pela equipe gestora de incubação.
Práticas culturais e comportamento social em informação
Authors: Presser Nadi Helena , Moreiro González José Antonio
Published: October 2017

O objetivo geral do ensaio é examinar como os aspectos sociais do comportamento humano se conformam no processo de identificação das necessidades, da busca e do uso de informação, na perspectiva de ampliar o debate na Ciência da Informação (CI) sobre perspectivas teórico-metodológicas do paradigma social. Em uma abordagem interdisciplinar, a análise tem seu suporte teórico epistemológico fundamentado em Bauman, especificamente, suas críticas às bases fundadoras do uso do conceito de cultura na sua dimensão social. Na área CI, o objeto de estudo são as teorias desenvolvidas por Chatman, especificamente suas análises sobre os fatores que agem como barreiras à informação em um contexto controlado por normas sociais. Esses referenciais sugerem deslocar a concepção de cultura para além do âmbito da reprodução de um conjunto de normas e valores compartilhados e aceitos coletivamente, para uma posição na qual a ação social é uma dinâmica de transformação do meio social.
O código RDA e a iniciativa BIBFRAME: tendências da representação da informação no domínio bibliográfico
Authors: Silva Luciana Candida da , Santarem Segundo José Eduardo , Zafalon Zaira Regina , Santos Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa
Published: October 2017

São apresentados o código de catalogação RDA e a iniciativa BIBFRAME à luz dos princípios gerais da catalogação. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva sobre os princípios gerais da catalogação, em que foram destacados os mais importantes teóricos e os principais fatos que influenciaram o desenvolvimento dos princípios da catalogação e do código RDA, bem como da iniciativa BIBFRAME. Descreve-se o código RDA a partir de sua proposta, características e desenvolvimento, sua utilização com o Formato MARC 21 e faz-se uma comparação entre os códigos RDA e AACR2r. Em seguida, a iniciativa BIBFRAME é descrita em seus dois segmentos: modelo e vocabulário. Por fim, acredita-se que as iniciativas RDA e BIBFRAME serão assumidas ao longo do tempo como base para a descrição de recursos no ambiente web.
Demarcações epistemológicas dos estudos de citação: teorias das citações
Authors: Silveira Murilo Artur Araújo da , Caregnato Sônia Elisa
Published: October 2017

Este artigo revela as demarcações epistemológicas que configuram os estudos de citação na contemporaneidade. Parte-se do pressuposto de que as teorias das citações existentes e amplamente discutidas são antagônicas e complementares. O presente estudo tem como objetivo estabelecer as marcas epistemológicas das teorias normativa e construtivista no âmbito dos estudos de citação. Os elementos que compõem as matrizes epistemológicas das teorias normativa e construtivista são apresentados e discutidos à luz das contribuições presentes na literatura especializada. Conclui-se que as teorias respondem parcialmente os problemas existentes, necessitando buscar aproximações investigativas úteis com outros campos e domínios.
Entrecruzamento dos estudos geracionais e a formação de usuários
Authors: Gomes Marcos Aurelio
Published: October 2017

Objetiva identificar as conexões históricas e sociais entre os estudos de gerações e as práticas desenvolvidas no uso dos recursos informacionais pelas bibliotecas. Estudo de natureza exploratória com enfoque na pesquisa bibliográfica. Quatro categorias foram estabelecidas: coorte; características; tempo histórico e social; e formação dos usuários. Ao se considerar tais categorias, delineou-se o cenário para cada classe geracional: veteranos, baby boomers e as gerações X, Y e Z. Conclui-se que cada classe geracional indica, em determinado tempo, uma possível correspondência direta com a formação de usuários da informação, essa, por sua vez, condicionada a uma demanda socioeconômica.
Diálogo entre as dimensões da competência em informação e os cursos de graduação em Arquivologia do sul do Brasil
Authors: Frasson Martendal Fernanda , Leite da Silva Eva Cristina , Vieira Vitorino Elizete
Published: October 2017

Este estudo busca identificar em que medida as quatro dimensões da competência em informação (técnica, estética, ética e política) relacionam-se ao perfil desejado para os egressos dos cursos de graduação em Arquivologia de três universidades do sul do Brasil: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. No tocante aos aspectos metodológicos, identifica-se como pesquisa exploratória, documental e bibliográfica e propõe-se a pensar a Arquivologia como ciência que contempla aspectos teóricos, práticos, imbuídos de diretrizes e diálogos entre os profissionais, os acervos e seus usuários. A pesquisa considerou que as quatro dimensões da competência em informação estão relacionadas ao perfil dos egressos constantes nos Projetos Pedagógicos das três universidades pesquisadas e que tal ponderação contribui para pensar a Arquivologia em seu macro espaço.
Competência leitora nas bibliotecas escolares
Authors: Gonçalves Dias Gasque Kelley Cristine , Silvestre Flor De María
Published: October 2017

O artigo analisa a contribuição dos projetos de leitura das bibliotecas escolares, das escolas que obtiveram os primeiros lugares no ranking do Enem, de 2013, no Distrito Federal. Os objetivos específicos são descrição da proposta pedagógica e da estrutura das escolas; descrição da estrutura, dos produtos e dos serviços oferecidos pelas bibliotecas escolares; identificação dos projetos de leitura e contribuição para o desenvolvimento de competências leitoras; e, por fim, identificação da relação entre docente e bibliotecário nos projetos de leitura. A metodologia tem natureza quali-quantitativa. A amostra abrangeu seis escolas, sendo três privadas e três públicas. Os resultados mostram que os projetos de leitura vinculados às disciplinas lecionadas pelos professores pesquisados, em geral, são realizados sem participação das bibliotecas escolares. Contudo, os professores relataram que as bibliotecas escolares contribuíram para os resultados do Enem em outros aspectos, tais como oferta de acesso à informação organizada, horário de atendimento adequado e recursos humanos.
Nurses' Perception of Patient Rounds – between the Real and the Ideal
Authors: Rassin Michal , Kanety Tamar
Published: October 2017

Background: Although patient rounds became part of the wards' routine for many years, there are still gaps regarding its tasks, cyclicality and participants and also the round was not backed by clear goals or instructions.Aim: to examine how nurses perceive rounding in terms of its cyclicality, tasks and participants.Method: research participants were 181 nurses of the internal, surgery-orthopedic, and maternity wards. They fill a questionnaire containing 41 items, specifically designed for this research. Data was analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics.Results: significant differences between nurses from the various wings (p=0.000) were found in the performance of actual rounding during all shifts. Rounding was performed in the internal wards every two hours and 48 minutes in average, compared with every two hours and 12 minutes in the surgery wards and every hour and 54 minutes in the maternity wards. A gaps were found between real and ideal (p=0.000), show the ideal timeframe between the rounds were shortened by 10-30 minutes in each shift. The tasks rated as most important in all shifts were: early identification of medical distress situations (respiratory, bleeding, changes in conciseness etc.), taking actions to avoid complications including identifying a malfunctioning transfusion, position changes, answering patient questions, pain assessment and treatment, and answering basic needs.Conclusions: A policy for the performance of rounding, may bridge the gap between real and ideal and promote the quality of nursing care will provide clear guidance as to its tasks, cyclicality and participants.
An Evaluation of the CHIMERE Chemistry Transport Model to Simulate Dust Outbreaks across the North Hemisphere in March 2014
Authors: Bessagnet Bertrand , Menut Laurent , Colette Augustin , Couvidat Florian , Dan Mo , Mailler Sylvain , Létinois Laurent , Pont Véronique , Rouïl Laurence
Published: October 2017

Mineral dust is one of the most important aerosol in mass over the world, affecting health and dynamics. This aerosol is mainly emitted over arid areas but may be long-range transported, impacting the local budget of air quality in many cities. While models were extensively used to study a single specific event, or making a global analysis at coarse resolution, the goal of our study is to simultaneously focus on several areas - Europe, North America, Central Asia, East China and the Caribbean area - for a one month period, March 2014, avoiding any parameter fitting to better simulate a given dust outbreak. The simulation is performed for the first time with the hemispheric version of the CHIMERE model, with a horizontal resolution of 10km. In this study, an overview of several simultaneous dust outbreaks over the north hemisphere is proposed to assess the capability of such modelling tools to predict dust pollution events. A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the most striking episodes is presented with comparisons to satellite data, ground based Particulate Matter and calcium measurements. Despite some overestimation of dust concentrations far from emission areas, the model is able to simulate the timing of the arrival of dust outbreaks on observational sites. For instance, several spectacular dust storms in the US and China are perfectly captured by the models. The high resolution allows to better describe and understand the orographic effects and the long-range transport of dust plumes.
Disturbance Elimination for Partial Discharge Detection in Spacer of Gas-Insulated Switchgears
Authors: Wang Guoming , Kil Gyung-Suk , Ji Hong-Keun , Lee Jong-Hyuk
Published: October 2017

With the increasing demand for precise condition monitoring and diagnosis of gas-insulated switchgears (GIS), it has become a challenge to improve the detection sensitivity of partial discharge (PD) induced in the GIS spacer. This paper deals with the elimination of the capacitive component from the phase resolved partial discharge (PRPD) signal generated in GIS spacer based on the discrete wavelet transform. Three types of typical insulation defects were simulated using PD cells. The single PD pulses were detected and were further used to determine the optimal mother wavelet. As a result, the bior6.8 was selected to decompose the PD signal into 8 levels and the signal energy at each level was calculated. The decomposed components related with capacitive disturbance were discarded whereas those associated with PD were de-noised by a threshold and a thresholding function. Finally, the PRPD signals were reconstructed using the de-noised components.
Importancia para los criterios de selección para la determinación de consumo de bebidas azucaradas en niños y adolescentes
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson
Published: October 2017

No aplica
The effects on nutritional status, bowel habits and tolerance of a high- protein, high-calorie, fiber- and fructo-oligosaccharide-enriched enteral formula: Safety and Effectiveness of Enteral Nutrition in Spanish patients (SENS Study).
Authors: Cuesta Triana F
Published: October 2017

Background: Enteral nutrition (EN) is an effective nutritional intervention for patients at risk of malnutrition or malnourished. However, complications such as gastrointestinal intolerance, hyperglycemia or refeeding syndrome can be triggered by EN.Aim:  To investigate the effects of a tube feeding formula (TFF) on patients’ nutritional status, biochemical status, bowel habits and safety.Methodology: Observational, prospective and multicentre study. Patients ≥18 years, undernourished or at nutritional risk, who were prescribed a high-calorie, high-protein, fiber-fortified TFF (Jevity® Plus HP, Abbott Laboratories S.A) were included. Patients were evaluated over a period of 8 weeks [baseline (V1), 4 weeks (V2) and 8 weeks (V3)].Results: A statistically significant increase in weight (1.5 kg), body mass index (0.6 kg/m2) and nutritional intake (59,7 kcal/day) was observed between V1 and V2. Between V1 and V3, there was a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of individuals with abnormal biochemical markers for glucose, sodium, potassium, total protein and albumin. The number of patients’ bowel movements remained stable throughout the study with a mean of 1.1 daily bowel movements.Conclusion: The TFF was safe and well tolerated, improved patients’ nutritional status, and normalized electrolyte balance and blood glucose levels without altering patients’ bowel habits.
Mengungkap Moral Hazard Pada Akad Murabahah Al-Wakalah di Sebuah Bank Syariah di Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Husain Sri Apriyanti , Ludigdo Unti , Adib Noval
Published: October 2017

Bank syariah sebagai bagian dari lembaga keuangan islam tidak terlepas dari praktik moral hazard. Moral hazard merupakan sebuah tindakan yang lahir dari adanya asimetri informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana cara nasabah dan pegawai melakukan moral hazard pada akad murabahah al-wakalah di sebuah Bank Syariah di Provinsi Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan etnometodologi sebagai metodologi penelitian. Alasan peneliti menggunakan etnometodologi adalah karena etnometodologi merupakan metodologi yang cocok untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana nasabah dan pegawai melakukan moral hazard pada akad murabahah al-wakalah di sebuah Bank Syariah di Provinsi Gorontalo.

Moral hazard yang terjadi di sebuah Bank Syariah di Provinsi Gorontalo dilakukan oleh pihak bank dan nasabah pembiayaan. Moral hazard yang dilakukan oleh pihak bank yakni pertama, bank tidak memberikan transparansi akad yang digunakan. Kedua, bank tidak memberikan transparansi informasi produk pembiayaan. Ketiga, bank yang lebih mementingkan angsuran nasabah. Keempat, bank kurang melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi. Kelima, bank hanya meminta nasabah hanya untuk menandatangani tanpa memberikan penjelasan kepada nasabah.
Efecto del programa de servicios SaludArte en los componentes de alimentación y nutrición en escolares de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Shamah-Levy Teresa , Cuevas-Nasu Lucía , Gómez-Acosta Luz María , Morales-Ruan Ma. del Carmen , Mendez-Gómez-Humarán Ignacio , Robles-Villaseñor Mara Nadiezhda , Hernández-Ávila Mauricio
Published: October 2017

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del programa de servicios SaludArte en sus componentes de educación en nutrición y de asistencia alimentaria, dentro de escuelas participantes, durante 2013-2015. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio comparativo de tres cohortes que consideró 1 620 escolares de 144 primarias. Se construyeron dos paneles: de tiempo continuo y de tiempo completo. Se obtuvo información de consumo y hábitos alimenticios, higiene y conservación de alimentos, actividad física (AF) y antropometría. El análisis fue por diferencia en diferencias y modelos de regresión logística dicotómica y multinomial. Resultados. Los efectos atribuibles al programa fueron: higiene personal (p=0.045), conocimientos en nutrición (p=0.003), AF (p=0.002, 2013-2014; p=0.032, 2015) y consumo de fibra (p=0.064). El consumo de azúcar total fue significativo contrario a lo esperado (p=0.012, tiempo continuo; p=0.037, tiempo completo). Conclusiones. SaludArte tuvo efectos positivos en algunos componentes. Sin embargo, es necesario considerar las lecciones aprendidas, a fin de institucionalizar el programa y darle permanencia y crecimiento en las escuelas.
Características familiares y exceso de peso en escolares mexicanos en 2012
Authors: Martínez-Espinosa Alejandro
Published: October 2017

Señor editor: Un aspecto que puede contribuir a una mayor comprensión de los niveles de exceso de peso (obesidad y sobrepeso) en la población en edad escolar de México, entre los más altos del continente, es el análisis de los hogares en los que vive dicha población. Ya algunos estudios han documentado el parecido en la composición corporal entre padres e hijos.
Inequidades en la mortalidad materna en México: un análisis de la desigualdad a escala subestatal
Authors: Pisanty-Alatorre Julio
Published: October 2017

Objetivo. Estimar la razón de mortalidad materna (RMM) de las distintas regiones subestatales del país, para identificar aquellas con mayores índices, así como el grado de desigualdad interregional. Material y métodos. De bases de datos oficiales y públicamente disponibles, se tomaron los datosde muerte materna y de recién nacidos registrados, de 2005 a 2014. Se realizó una regionalización a partir de divisiones político-administrativas de cada estado y se calculó la RMM para las mismas, así como los coeficientes Gini. Resultados. La RMM por región subestatal varía de 16 (en Nuevo Leónno metropolitano) a 160 (en Sola de Vega, Oaxaca); asimismo, se identificaron 13 regiones de muy alta o extremadamente alta mortalidad materna. El coeficiente Gini nacional es de 0.175; destacan Chihuahua, Nayarit, Oaxaca y Guerrero como estados con una distribución muy desigual de la mortalidad materna. Conclusiones. Los promedios estatales de mortalidad materna ocultan importantes desigualdades al interior de los estados, reflejo de múltiples inequidades subyacentes.
Enfermedad de Chagas: el poder de su confirmación
Authors: Sánchez-García Dulce Carolina , Castillo-de Haro Rosa de Jesús , Navarro-Guerrero Juan Carlos , Velarde-Félix Jesús Salvador
Published: October 2017

Señor editor: La función de los bancos de sangre, según la Norma Oficial Mexicana, es promover la donación altruista de sangre, así como extraer, preparar, conservar y almacenar sus derivados (NOM-253-SSA1-2012), una vez que ésta sea segura desde el punto de vista infectocontagioso. Latransmisión del Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), responsable de la enfermedad de Chagas, mediante productos sanguíneos constituye la segunda causa de transmisión más importante, despuésde la vectorial. Ante este riesgo inminente, nuestro país posee un marco regulatorio que asegura la inocuidad microbiológica de la sangre humana y sus componentes con fines terapéuticos (NOM-253-SSA1-2012, capítulo 9, numeral 9.4.14.2), así como también la obligatoriedad de la notificación epidemiológica (NOM-032-SSA2-2014; capítulo 7, numeral 7.3.2.3) en caso de haber sospecha.
Respuesta de los autores a la carta al editor de Sebastián García Saisó sobre el artículo Implementación de indicadores de calidad de la atención en hospitales públicos de tercer nivel en México
Authors: Saturno-Hernández Pedro Jesús , Martínez-Nicolás Ismael
Published: October 2017

Señor editor: Respondemos a los comentarios enviados por el doctor Sebastián García Saisó, director General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, en relación con el artículo titulado Implementación de indicadores de calidad de la atención en hospitales públicos de tercer nivel en México...
Slickwater Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures: New Experimental Findings and Scalable Correlation
Authors: Alotaibi Msalli A. , Miskimins Jennifer L.
Published: October 2017

Slickwater hydraulic fracturing is an important technology that has enabled the oil and gas industry to economically develop enormous unconventional resources. Despite its great success, this technology faces challenges, especially with proppant transport in complex fractures. Very limited work exists in the literature regarding slickwater proppant flow in subsidiary fractures or predictive correlations to estimate settled proppant-dune heights.

This paper provides a scalable correlation to predict dune height across a wide range of flow rates and proppant concentrations in the primary fracture. A unique feature of this correlation is its inclusion of the friction effect; roughness was introduced to the fracture-slot walls. A 30/70-mesh brown sand was used to conduct the slot-flow experiments and build the correlation. This paper also spotlights the proppant-transport mechanism during proppant-dune development in the primary fracture. Understanding this mechanism reveals key information regarding the horizontal and vertical settled-proppant-size distribution. In addition, experimental results are presented to answer the debatable question of whether slickwater can transport proppant into tertiary fractures. In fact, the data show that proppant in slickwater is not only capable of “turning the corner” but also developing high dune levels exceeding 97% of the tertiary fracture-slot heights.
Gas Field Subsurface Integrity: Performance Analysis of Glass Reinforced Epoxy Tubing Completion at High H2S Wells at Offshore Caspian Sea
Authors: Fablillah Wan Mohd
Published: October 2017

As the BHQ-field matures, sustaining well productivity throughout its lifespan requires an essential need to focus on the field's well subsurface integrity. Wells in BHQ that were completed with Glass Reinforced Epoxy (GRE) tubing have been undergoing a unique and targeted monitoring program for the past few years, parallel to the objective to understand the performance of well integrity of the BHQ-field wells as a whole, and GRE tubing at high H2S wells in particular.

The main challenge is related to H2S production as the field is producing around 100 - 500 ppm of H2S. During the well design stage where reference was made to the reservoir data obtained from a series of appraisal wells, the field development plan has concluded that the wells’ tubing is to be coated with GRE. The trim and sealing elements of the wellhead and Christmas tree were also made compatible to H2S. However, irregularities can still be observed at the surface apparatus during the production phase. In order to avoid more serious integrity issues, diagnostic surveys and logging were performed.

The result from the field monitoring activities together with existing reservoir data were then combined and analyzed. The result from the analysis has significantly contributed towards an understanding of GRE tubing performance and behavior at high H2S wells. Logging data of a calliper log ran at few wells with a one-year gap indicated that the corrosion did not appear to be present. However, it could be observed that the wellhead and Christmas tree sealing element made from a certain type of component is not compatible. The result from the analysis also has become important data for investment comparison for well development and production teams, between GRE and other types of completion tubing, such as 13-chrome and Super 13- chrome, for future project's reference. On top of this, the effectiveness of the well integrity program at BHQ-field, such as 6- monthly wellhead preventive maintenance, actuators and choke maintenance and annulus pressure diagnostic in relation to production sustainability and overall assurance of health and safety aspects of the field operation, can be concluded as meeting the standard with minor improvement.

This paper will provide the analysis on GRE tubing performance at gas wells with high H2S production. The analysis will present the data on GRE tubing compatibility with a harsh environment. It also allows the investment comparison to be made with other types of completion tubing. This paper also will provide the process flow in determining the effectiveness of the well integrity program and process safety program at gas wells with H2S production in the Caspian region.
Maximum Production and Safe Injection Through Cruise Control of Producers and Injectors
Authors: Aasheim Robert , Kittilsen Pål , Fjalestad Kjetil , Idsø Einar Skavland , Løvik Ingvild , Fredriksen Morten
Published: October 2017

Process disturbances may cause reduction in production as the necessary margins to process constraints need to take peak values into account. If the process disturbances can be suppressed, it is possible to operate closer to constraints resulting in higher production.

For both injection and production wells, process disturbance rejection is typically achieved with automatic choke control, which is also beneficial for efficiently achieving changing target values. Good control requires accurate and up-to-date measurements. For cases where no reliable physical sensor is available, robust soft sensor design is a key element in the well control solution.

The process disturbances caused by natural fluctuations of the underlying process require frequent adjustments of the well chokes to maintain key parameters at their desired values. If wells are choked to ensure operation within given constraints, it is normally beneficial to implement automatic choke control since this enables operation closer to these constraints. The control target may also be to track a calculated downhole pressure trajectory during well restart. A smooth restart is important for some wells to avoid excessive sand production. In addition, automatic actions can be taken to reduce the risk of safety issues.

This paper presents field experience as perceived by a control engineer from applying automatic choke control to a large number of water injectors to stabilize the downhole injection pressure or injection rate and application of automatic control for production chokes to control downhole pressure. During restarts of production wells, the downhole pressure follows a pressure trajectory set point to minimize pressure fluctuations to avoid excessive sand production. Exchanging manual infrequent choke manipulations with automatic control to keep the process close to the true, physical constraints, enables safe and optimal production.
Influence of Auto-Fracturing Phenomenon on Injection Well Work Regulation
Authors: Ostapchuk D. , Sintsov I. , Balin V.
Published: October 2017

Currently, a significant quantity of oil fields all over the world are developed with reservoir pressure maintanance mechanisms.

It is worth noting that sometimes water is injected into a reservoir with pressure, which is higher than the rock pressure. Such condition causes technogenic autofracture opening in productive layer. The autofracture is not strengthened with a proppant, so its geometrical size changes with the change of bottomhole pressure. And this feature leads to some difficulties with injection well work regulation.

An attempt to explain the reasons of ineffective well operations (bottomhole treatment and outflow profile alignment) on several fields of West Siberia was an occation for these studies. We found a considerable number of examples on these fields, where well operations had opposite results than were expected. So, we have hypothesized the causal link existence between holding ineffective well operation and the presence of autofracture in this injection well. For this aim, first of all, we describe the algorithm for autufracture detection in injection wells with the help of Bourdet diagnostic plots (which are used in well test interpretation) in conjunction with field data. Then, we checked our hypothesis by studying a statistic correlation between well operations with opposite result and autofracture presence. Finally, we show an explanation how opposite results of well operations in injectors with autofracture can be easily explained. The reason is rather obvious, but this phenomenon have never been described before: all the matter is in ratio between bottomhole pressure and pressure of autofracturing before and after well operation.

Based on these results, we made a clear conclusion about the necessity of considering possibility of autofracture appearance in injection wells. Also we will give some recommendations about work regulation for injection well with such feature.
Nuclear Attributes Selection and Utilization to Address ACG Late Field Development Challenges
Authors: Alkhasov Emin , Han Xiaogang , Zett Adrian
Published: October 2017

The late stage development of ACG field poses new challenges that can be addressed through completion technologies associated with new or improved methods of surveillance using Multidetector Pulsed Neutron (MDPN) instrumentation.

In this paper we will describe the techniques developed and deployed to address specific well and reservoir challenges. The topics will include: –Evaluate the quality of the initial fill and subsequent changes to various types of proppant with stand-alone and time lapse logging for Open Hole Gravel Pack completions–Identification of scale depositing behind the screens–Monitoring the gas cap movement and sweep efficiency in difficult environments (large casing in holes enlarged by reamer, heavy mud in borehole,)

The nuclear modelling has a key role in the early planning stage, enabling the selection of appropriate instruments and acquisition modes. This will reduce the interpretation uncertainty, and minimise the rig time and production deferment. Coupling MDPN measurements with innovative non-radioactive tracer doped gravel, enable a more efficient and accurate reservoir and well surveillance in Open Hole Gravel Pack Completions. The interpretational techniques combine the measured data with specific models of nuclear attributes benchmarked in yard tests that replicate some of ACG completions. Close quality control of the data during acquisition and proper communication with logging vendor is the key in to proper answers.

Using multiple nuclear attributes leads towards a more unique solution in such complex environments. The approach taken along with the results from seven wells will be presented and discussed in detail.
Application of Distributed Acoustic Sensing DAS Technology in Identification and Remediation of Sand Producing Zones in OHGP Completion
Authors: Sadigov T. , Thiruvenkatanathan P. , Sheydayev A.
Published: October 2017

Sand production remains a key technical challenge in the ACG (Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli) field as the target formation is comprised of weakly consolidated sandstone. Although sand control completions (such as open hole gravel pack) are used to limit sand entry into the well, water breakthrough, increased fines production, high flux across completed intervals amongst other factors may negatively impact on their effectiveness as well as stability of reservoir rocks, resulting in high sand production, consequently requiring choking back of wells. This, at times, leads to significant production deferrals, which are attributed to the impact on entire production system: completion, wellbore, chokes, flow lines and production vessels. Therefore, improving techniques and developing technologies for downhole diagnostic and remediation to restore production will be of value throughout the ACG field life. An effective remediation requires an understanding of the sand entry points. Over the last 24 months, BP has developed a new real-time technology solution that employs novel signal processing techniques using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) systems to detect sand entry points along the wellbore during production. The technology solution has been employed to the interpretation of over 30 conducted surveys to identify sand entry zones in real time. In some instances, the results have also been used to inform targeted remediation using expandable patches.

This paper summarizes the results from some of the DAS sand detection surveillance data acquired (in integration with other relevant dataset) and its use in remediation of compromised completion intervals. The authors will also share examples of drawdown optimization and risk management of wells with sand production based on acquired DAS data. This paper will cover a few examples of DAS survey data acquired both for wells with pre-installed fibre (25 wells) and those without it where the technology was deployed via wireline intervention (5 wells). The application of DAS technology in ACG has provided substantial value to date (both in terms of production and safety) and has much more value to be realized as the technology continues to mature.
Optimization of Recovery Using Intelligent Completions in Intelligent Fields
Authors: Abdullayev Azer , Kedia Rachit , Urakov Askar , Temizel Cenk
Published: October 2017

Throughout the previous few years, substantial attention has been paid to the usage of smart well technologies to help improve recovery, particularly with technological improvements and an increasing expanse of opportunities in more challenging and rewarding assets. The fundamental focus has been to propose and develop workflows that integrate several surface/subsurface subprocesses and automate the entire workflow. In cases where significant investment is made to complete smart wells with remotely controlled inflow control valves (ICV), reservoir sweep becomes decisive when evaluating the efficient recovery.

Application of this technology has been challenging because it is a modern concept. This study showcases the effective application of ICVs within intelligently completed fields to satisfy the objective function by augmenting reservoir sweep and oil recovery. In this study, a commercial full-physics numerical reservoir simulator has been used to evaluate a synthetic simulation model mimicking a realistic reservoir with waterflood. The wells are installed with smart well completions using ICVs that are controlled by conditional statements called procedures. The decision parameters varied to determine if the level of ICV opening within producer wells is water-cut and well-injection rates. Then, the cumulative oil recovery is used as an objective function to increase the maximum oil recovery.

The ultimate goal is to reach the highest net present value (NPV) through having higher cumulative oil production values with the lower water injection and water production rates. The relatively high expenditure linked with installing intelligent completions within wells drive further the importance to apply and study the advantages of this technology on multiple, diverse cases coupled with specifically planned workflows.

Recent studies have shown that a robust reservoir management plan along with an effective application of ICVs within intelligently completed fields can augment reservoir sweep and oil recovery. The results of the study demonstrated the positive impact when using ICVs on NPVs calculated compared to the base case where traditional completions have been used. It is also shown that, without a robust reservoir management plan, the use of intelligent completions might not always be successful. Augmenting the performance of the reservoirs, in addition to looking at the individual well performance, forms the crux of a sound reservoir management plan.

This study, therefore, examines the big picture by following a field-wide approach rather than focusing solely on individual or near-well performance. The core of this study is to provide a framework of effective integration of data from leading performance indicators attributing to intelligent well completions, with the ultimate goal of optimizing the reservoir recovery.
Best Practices in Calibration of Integrated Production Modeling for Tengiz Field
Authors: Onbergenov Ulan , Aitkazin Mirkhat , Tang Yula , Svyatov Aidar , Kairbekov Amirbek
Published: October 2017

Petroleum Experts Integrated Production Modeling (IPM) toolkit is widely used in Tengizchevroil (TCO) for short and long term production forecasting in the Tengiz field. The short and long term models each have their own strategic focus. The short term IPM model is used for day-to-day management of field activities to ensure business plan production volumes are delivered. The long term IPM model is used to manage base business and optimize scenarios for various future development projects. The short term IPM model is validated and history matched continuously and forms the basis of the long term model to meet business objectives.

Because of the complexity of the Tengiz gathering system, close collaboration among multiple teams, systematic updates and continuous improvement of the model is required. It is also important to have an accurate temperature prediction across the entire field network to conduct flow assurance studies, optimize plant inlet temperatures and maximize plant throughput.

As a result of the implemented calibration efforts, the model predicts field production rates within 1% of the actual field performance. The model provides more granularity and higher confidence in ensuring that the plant can produce at its maximum capacity when wells are shut-in for surveillance activities, pipeline repairs and meter station (MS) shutdowns for gathering line repairs. In a long term perspective, it's crucial to have an accurate model to plan MS shutdowns for upgrades and the successful startup of major capital projects.

This paper describes model improvement initiatives, the best practices and lessons learned during the calibration process of the complex IPM model. A structured workflow for the calibration of the IPM model is also provided. The calibration steps are described in detail with relevant examples throughout the paper. This workflow can be used by IPM practitioners in other fields to construct and maintain integrated production system models.
Unlocking the Development of Absheron Gas Condensate Field through an Integrated Asset Work and Modeling
Authors: Marmier R. , Decroux B. , Paran M.-A. , Raurich S. , Akhundov H. , Esor E.
Published: October 2017

Reservoir to surface Integrated Asset Modeling (IAM) is a cross-functional simulation, monitoring and decision tool. It captures the complex interactions all along the production / injection system of an oil or gas development. It is a powerful tool to maximize the value of an asset from the development phase to the end of the production period. This paper describes the successful work achieved for unlocking the challenging development of Absheron deep offshore gas condensate field through an integrated asset work and modeling.

The IAM has been the result of a multi-disciplinary and collaborative work where each disciplines, namely reservoir, well, network and surface process engineering, provided their inputs. A fully compositional fluid modeling was required to capture the challenges of such a long gas export production line with stringent thermal requirements due to the paraffinic content of the produced condensate, impacting at first order both plateau duration and economics. During all the pre-FEED engineering, attention was given to ensure consistency and synchronization between the IAM and the progress of the design work performed in parallel by each disciplines. Many sensitivity calculations on development parameters have been performed to quantify the impact of the geosciences uncertainties and other design parameters to define the optimum combination of production facility design, operating philosophy and monitoring strategy.

The first phase has been a screening with different production network design parameters associated to the base case reservoir model, namely the pipeline insulation and the arrival pressure.

The second phase has been to test the robustness of the proposed design towards reservoir base case uncertain parameters such as the well overall exchange coefficient, reservoir temperature, water break-through, fluid modeling and gas-water contact. The third phase has been to test the robustness of the proposed design towards low and high reservoir cases. All along these phases, many iterations and collaborative work between reservoir, well, network and process engineers occurred, all centered around the IAM offering the possibility to evaluate the production profiles associated to different designs assumptions while the different disciplines eventually performed more advanced "stand-alone" studies to further assess specific technical points.

The work performed for Absheron development highlights the benefits of integrated asset work and modeling to enable an economic development scheme robust towards uncertainties (petrophysical, structural modeling, water break-through…) and therefore not over designed
Improving Reservoir Conformance Control Through Next-Generation Supramolecular Gelators and Their Use in Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Yegin Cengiz , Temizel Cenk , Yegin Yagmur , Agharzayeva Zinyat , Sari Mufrettin Murat , Jia Bao , Urakov Askar
Published: October 2017

Recent developments in horizontal drilling and fracking technology have had a crucial role in increased shale gas and oil production in the U.S and the world. Natural resources kept in low permeability reservoirs, namely shale formations, can be recovered by a well-designed hydraulic fracturing process. Optimization of production and efficiency in hydraulic fracturing significantly depend on properties and efficiency of fracturing fluids. This work presents a pH-responsive supramolecular assembly solution system synthesized via complexation of maleic acid with an amino-amide in an aqueous media. Our previous studies on this system have verified its significant potential to be used as displacement fluids in EOR due to its highly adjustable and reversible viscosity behavior. Herein, we investigated its potential as fracturing fluids considering its mobility control, and proppant transfer and settling capacities.

The main protocol is: the viscosity of injected supramolecular solution is set to an optimum (moderate to high) value enabling both enhanced proppant transport and easy injection of the fluid, and then reduced with an external pH stimulus near fissures for proppant sedimentation and easy flowback. Flow-sweep experiments of the fracturing fluid using the supramolecular solution and proppants (silica sand) revealed that for only a 2wt.% concentration, viscosity could be varied nearly 1600 times by changing pH from ~4 to ~8, reversibly. Moreover, sedimentation studies showed that the settling rate of the silica proppants descended five orders of magnitude by increasing pH from 4 to 8 in a reversible fashion. On the other hand, our lab-scale preliminary experiments showed that these supramolecular assembly solutions both have reversible pH-responsive properties and high salinity and temperature tolerance. While degradation and breakage are observed in polymer viscosity modifiers used in hydraulic fracturing under high temperatures and sudden extreme shear stresses, supramolecular assembly solutions have ability to disassemble and re-assemble. Use of supramolecular solutions in fracturing fluids can also prevents reduction of permeability of reservoirs arising from polymer blockage during flowback period. Therefore, supramolecular solutions can be thought as self-healing polymer solutions.

Briefly, supramolecular assembly solution system described here has a potential to be a novel type fracturing fluid due to its pH-tunable and reversible viscosity and proppant transfer capacity, high salt tolerance, self-healing property, and sustainability and environmental friendliness.