bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politik Media dalam Transisi Politik: Dari Kontrol Negara Menuju Self-Regulation Mechanism
Authors: Wahyuni Hermin Indah
Published: March 2017

Abstract: The political transformation in 1998 introduced a new era of Indonesian media which respects the public interest and implements a democratic model. The changing led to a new media-politics that have democratic character. This article will focus on the self regulation mechanism that becomes very popular in democratic mass media system. Those favouring self-regulation mechanism have usually justified it on the grounds that it is less damaging to freedom of expression than legal control. However this mechanism is not a panacea for all ills, because self-regulation can only work if certain pre-conditions are met. The analysis will be done by several conceptual frames, i.e: the concept of media in political transition, concept of media politics, self regulation mechanism, and statutory vs voluntary regulation.
Personal Influence and Power Distance: Acknowledging Local Cultures Influence in Conceptualising Public Relations Pratices in Asian Countries
Authors: Puspa Ratih
Published: March 2017

Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan bukti-bukti baru yang berkenaan dengan praktek Public Relations di negara-negara Asia. Berbagai penelitian yang terangkum dalam tulisan ini akan menjelaskan mengapa mengaplikasikan teori-teori Barat begitu saja dalam kajian Public Relations seringkali kurang memberi hasil yang memuaskan. Ada faktor-faktor budaya lokal yang seringkali terlupakan, ternyata memberikan kontribusi yang besar dalam pemahaman praktek Public Relations dalam budaya tertentu. Penelitian extensif dari Krishnamurty Sriramesh (1999) telah berhasil mengkonseptualisasikan sebuah Model Public Relations khusus untuk negara-negara Asia. Banyak penelitian Public Relations di berbagai negara Asia telah membuktikan konseptualisasi tersebut.
Peran Strategis Public Relations di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Sulistyaningtyas Ike Devi
Published: March 2017

Abstracts: Public Relations emphasizes in building and maintaining a relationship between an organization and its public. It is applied also for a higher education institution or university. Nowadays, public relations in higher education institution become an integral part of the management team. It must contribute to achieve organizational goals and demonstrate an organizational accountability identified by measurable result. Synergy and cooperation are the strategic way to reach good relationship and reputation.
Public Understanding and Communication Strategy Evaluation of Local Regulation No. 09 Year 2004 on Zero Child Labour Zone in Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Authors: Juwita Rina
Published: March 2017

Abstract: Child labourÂ is aÂ universalÂ phenomenonÂ that occursÂ inÂ most parts of the world.Â IndonesiaÂ asÂ partÂ ofÂ developing countriesÂ cannot be separatedÂ fromÂ the issue,Â including KutaiÂ Kartanegara (Kukar) regency which is one ofÂ the richestÂ areasÂ in the country.Â Although Kukar regency is chosen as one of theÂ model in the eliminationÂ of child labour,Â this is accompaniedÂ byÂ peopleâ€™s understandingÂ onÂ Child Labor Free ZoneÂ programÂ enacted by theÂ localÂ government.Â This study tried to exploreÂ people's understanding ofÂ RegulationÂ No. 09/ 2004 onÂ ZBPAÂ andÂ evaluateÂ communication strategiesÂ effectively usedÂ toÂ buildÂ andÂ optimize theÂ sustainability ofÂ the program.Â It isÂ important asÂ publicÂ participationÂ can only be improvedÂ if the communication isÂ conductedÂ in a proper way.Â Abstrak: Pekerja anak merupakan fenomena universal yang terjadi di hampir seluruh belahan dunia. Indonesia sebagai bagian dari negara berkembang juga tidak terlepas dari masalah ini, termasuk didalamnya Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara yang merupakan salah satu daerah terkaya di negeri ini. Terpilihnya Kab Kukar sebagai salah satu daerah model pengentasan pekerja anak, ternyata tidak dibarengi dengan pemahaman masyarakatnya mengenai program Zona Bebas Pekerja Anak yang diusung pemerintah setempat. Penelitian ini mencoba menggali pemahaman masyarakat terhadap Perda No 09/2004 tentang ZBPA, dan kemudian mengevaluasi strategi komunikasi yang efektif digunakan untuk membangun dan memaksimalkan keberlangsungan program tersebut. Hal ini penting untuk dilakukan mengingat partisipasi publik hanya dapat dibangun jika komunikasi dilangsungkan dengan cara yang tepat.
EL CONCEPTO ANATÓMICO DE “ANGIOSOMA”: APLICACIONES EN CLÍNICA QUIRÚRGICA.
Authors: Dagobeth Edgar Vergara , Burgos Lisceicy Castillo , García Sergio Vergara
Published: March 2017

Los avances en técnicas quirúrgicas dependen en gran medida del conocimiento del área anatómica a intervenir, y cuando se trata de la vitalidad de un tejido es muy importante respetar su vascularización. En los últimos 25 años gracias al entendimiento de la irrigación por territorios musculocutáneos se ha dado a conocer un nuevo concepto anatómico, el de los angiosomas. Este se ha aplicado en cirugía vascular y en colgajos ayudando así al salvamento de extremidades. He aquí una pequeña descripción de este novedoso concepto de las ciencias básicas y su aplicación en clínica médica.
Religious Pluralism and the Buridan's Ass Paradox
Authors: Kvanvig Jonathan L.
Published: March 2017

The paradox of Buridan’s Ass involves an animal facing two equally adequate and attractive alternatives, such as would happen were a hungry ass to confront two bales of hay that are equal in all respects relevant to the ass’s hunger. Of course, the ass will eat from one rather than the other, because the alternative is to starve. But why does this eating happen? What reason is operative, and what explanation can be given as to why the ass eats from, say, the left bale rather than the right bale? Why doesn’t the ass remain caught between the options, forever indecisive and starving to death? Religious pluralists face a similar dilemma, a dilemma that I will argue is more difficult to address than the paradox just described.
Religious Pluralism and the Some-Are-Equally-Right View
Authors: Stenmark Mikael
Published: March 2017

In this essay I identify and develop an alternative to pluralism which is overlooked in contemporary debate in philosophy of religion and in theology. According to this view, some but not all of the great world religions are equally correct, that is to say, they are just as successful when it comes to tracking the truth and providing a path to salvation. This alternative is not haunted by the same difficulty as pluralism, namely the problem of emptiness. It is therefore more rational at least for many Muslims, but probably also for many Christians and Jews, to embrace it rather than to embrace pluralism. Whether it is also to be preferred over exclusivism and inclusivism is a topic which I will not address in this essay.
Ordinary Morality Implies Atheism
Authors: Maitzen Stephen
Published: March 2017

I present a “moral argument” for the non-existence of God. Theism, I argue, can’t accommodate an ordinary and fundamental moral obligation acknowledged by many people, including many theists. My argument turns on a principle that a number of philosophers already accept as a constraint on God’s treatment of human beings. I defend the principle against objections from those inclined to reject it.
Philosophical Theology and Indian Versions of Theodicy
Authors: Shokhin Vladimir K.
Published: March 2017

Comparative philosophical studies can seek to fit some Eastern patterns of thought into the general philosophical framework, or, on the contrary, to improve understanding of Western ones through the view “from abroad”. I try to hit both marks by means of establishing, firstly, the parallels between Indian versions of theodicy and the Hellenic and Christian ones, then by defining to which of five types of Western theodicy the Advaita-Vedānta and Nyāya versions belong and, thirdly, by considering the meaning of the fact that some varieties of Western theodicy, like the explanation of evil by free will and Divine dispensation aiming at the improvement of man, have Indian counterparts while others lack them. Some considerations concerning the remainders of primordial monotheisms (“an argument from theodicy”) under the thick layers of other religious world-outlooks are also offered to the reader at the end of the article.
On the Polish Roots of the Analytic Philosophy of Religion
Authors: Pouivet Roger
Published: March 2017

Philosophers of religion of the Cracow Circle (1934-1944) are the principal precursors of what is now called the analytic philosophy of religion. The widespread claim that the analytic philosophy of religion was from the beginning an Anglo-American affair is an ill-informed one. It is demonstrable that the enterprise, although not the label “analytic philosophy of religion,” appeared in Poland in the 1930’s. Józef Bocheński’s post-war work is a development of the Cracow Circle’s pre-war work in the analytic philosophy of religion, or at least of important elements of that earlier work. Bocheński’s approach in his Logic of Religion is quite original and might still be profitably studied and discussed by philosophers of religion of the analytic persuasion.
Clarifying the Concept of Salvation: A Philosophical Approach to the Power of Faith in Christ's Resurrection
Authors: Moreau Denis
Published: March 2017

In this paper, I develop a philosophical clarification of the statement “faith in the resurrection of Christ saves men from sin”, using some of the main arguments and hypotheses of my recent book, The Ways of Salvation (Les Voies du salut, Paris, 2010). I begin with some remarks on the theme of salvation in contemporary language and philosophy. I then sketch a conceptual analysis of the concept of salvation, first in its general sense, then in its specifically Christian one. Finally, I offer a hypothesis on the modus operandi of salvation, or at least of one aspect of salvation as understood by Christianity.
Openness, Privilege, and Omniscience
Authors: Hughes Christopher
Published: March 2017

According to egalitarians, there is no privileged now-possible history. Egalitarianism seems to provide an attractive way to reconcile openness and omniscience, but, I argue, it does not.
A Reformed Natural Theology?
Authors: Rehnman Sebastian
Published: March 2017

This paper aims to counter the recent opinion that there is a peculiar epistemology in the reformed Church which made it negative to natural theology. First it is shown that there was an early and unanimous adoption of natural theology as the culmination of physics and the beginning of metaphysics by sixteenth and seventeenth century philosophers of good standing in the reformed Church. Second it is argued that natural theology cannot be based on revelation, should not assume a peculiar analysis of knowledge and must not pass over demonstration.
Descartes' Ontological Proof: An Interpretation and Defense
Authors: Judycki Stanisław
Published: March 2017

It is widely assumed among contemporary philosophers that Descartes’ version of ontological proof, among other weaknesses, makes an impossible and unjustified move from the mental world of concepts to the real (actual) world of things. Contrary to this opinion I will try to show that Descartes’ famous principle of clear and distinct perception suffices to find an adequate inferential connection between the contents of the human mind and extra-mental reality. In a clear and distinct way we cognitively grasp the concept of supremely perfect being as the concept that we do not construct by an arbitrary definition of the word ‘God’.
Science, Religion and Common Sense
Authors: Caruana Louis
Published: March 2017

Susan Haack has recently attempted to discredit religion by showing that science is an extended and enhanced version of common sense while religion is not. I argue that Haack’s account is misguided not because science is not an extended version of common sense, as she says. It is misguided because she assumes a very restricted, and thus inadequate, account of common sense. After reviewing several more realistic models of common sense, I conclude that common sense is rich enough to allow various kinds of extensions. Just as science can be correctly seen as an enhanced version of common sense, so also religion.
Cosmic Purpose and the Question of a Personal God
Authors: Pinsent Andrew
Published: March 2017

Purported evidence for purposeful divine action in the cosmos may appear to warrant describing God as personal, as Swinburne proposes. In this paper, however, I argue that the primary understanding of what is meant by a person is formed by the experience of ‘I’ – ‘you’ or second-person relatedness, a mode of relation with God that is not part of natural theology. moreover, even among human beings, the recognition of purposeful agency does not invariably lead to the attribution of personhood in the usual sense. ‘Person’ is therefore a misleading term to use of God on the evidence of cosmic purpose alone in the absence of suitable revelation.
Internal Realism and the Reality of God
Authors: Grosshans Hans-Peter
Published: March 2017

How do religions refer to reality in their language and symbols, and which reality do they envisage and encounter? on the basis of some examples of an understanding of religion without reference to reality, I first answer the question of what ‘realism’ is. realism has been an opposite concept to nominalism, idealism, empiricism and antirealism. The paper concentrates especially on the most recent formation of realism in opposition to antirealism. In a second section the consequences for philosophy of religion and theology are considered. How the reality, as it is considered in philosophy of religion and in theology, has to be characterised, if and how this reality is relevant for human beings, and what its relation is to everything else, can only be answered and clarified in a presentation in a language that is specific for this reality, the reality of God.
Wittgenstein and the 'Factorization Model' of Religious Belief
Authors: Schönbaumsfeld Genia
Published: March 2017

In the contemporary literature Wittgenstein has variously been labelled a fideist, a non-cognitivist and a relativist of sorts. The underlying motivation for these attributions seems to be the thought that the content of a belief can clearly be separated from the attitude taken towards it. Such a ‘factorization model’ which construes religious beliefs as consisting of two independent ‘factors’ – the belief’s content and the belief-attitude – appears to be behind the idea that one could, for example, have the religious attitude alone (fideism, non-cognitivism) or that religious content will remain broadly unaffected by a fundamental change in attitude (Kusch). In this article I will argue that such a ‘factorization model’ severely distorts Wittgenstein’s conception of religious belief.
Cosmic Gratitude
Authors: Roberts Robert C.
Published: March 2017

Classically, gratitude is a tri-polar construal, logically ordering a benefactor, a benefice, and a beneficiary in a favour-giving-receiving situation. Grammatically, the poles are distinguished and bound together by the prepositions ‘to’ and ‘for’; so I call this classic concept ‘to-for’ gratitude. Classic religious gratitude follows this schema, with God as the benefactor. Such gratitude, when felt, is a religious experience, and a reliable readiness or ‘habit’ of such construal is a religious virtue. However, atheists have sometimes felt an urge or need for an analogous experience and virtue of gratitude, and theists sometimes feel intellectual discomfort with classical theistic gratitude on consideration of the misfortunes that characterize our life along with its blessings. In response, another conception of religious gratitude has been attempted, a construal that lacks the to-for structure. This paper probes the significance of the benefactor for gratitude, both secular and religious, and, with Søren Kierkegaard’s help, some features of the theology of classical religious gratitude that dissolve the problem of misfortunes.
The Rationality of Humility
Authors: Barth Roderich
Published: March 2017

In this paper I explore humility as a paradigm, with reference to recent debates over the morality and rationality of emotions, and to the relation between religion and emotion. In Ancient Greek ethics, humility did not yet play a role; with the rise of Christianity, however, it becomes one of the cardinal virtues – only to disappear again with the onset of modernity. Against a culture-pessimistic interpretation of this development, this article begins by characterising the relation between virtue and emotion, before reconstructing the inner rationality of humility and showing how it can be traced through several transformations to a modern ethics of responsibility. Against this background, possible manifestations of the humble attitude in the present are made plausible.
Consolation - An Unrecognized Emotion
Authors: Weber-Guskar Eva
Published: March 2017

Although consolation is one of the classic religious subjects it plays no role in the current debate about religious emotions. One reason for this neglect could be that this debate is mostly based on classical emotions such as joy and fear, love and hope, and that consolation is not understood as an emotion. This paper tries to show that consolation in fact can and should be seen as an emotion. After naming and refuting some reasons that speak against taking consolation to be an emotion, I will explain how consolation can be positively conceptualized as an emotion within a recent theory of emotions. It will be decisive to see that the experience of consolation can be understood not only hedonistically-qualitatively, but also intentionally. This structural conception allows for a differentiated description of various types of consolation as an emotion, also, in the tradition of William James, of a secular as well as a religious form of consolation.
Emotions, Music, and Logos
Authors: Järveläinen Petri
Published: March 2017

The article introduces a cognitive and componential view of religious emotions. General emotions are claimed to consist of at least two compounds, the cognitive compound and the affective compound. Religious emotions are typically general emotions which are characterized by three specific conditions: they involve a thought of God or godlike, they are significant for a person feeling them and their meaning is derived from religious practices. The article discusses the notion of spiritual emotions in Ancient theology and compares the idea of it with emotions in music. By referring to the notion of mental language, it is argued that some religious emotions are like emotions in music and as such they can be interpreted as tones of Logos.
Is Atheism (the Fact) Good Evidence for Atheism (the Thesis)? On John Schellenberg's Argument from Ignorance
Authors: Michon Cyrille
Published: March 2017

The argument from ignorance mounted by John Schellenberg argues from the existence of non-faulty unbelief to the non-existence of God, from the fact of atheism or agnosticism to the truth of atheism. It relies on two putative conceptual relations: between the idea of love and that of personal relationship, and between personal relationship and existential belief on each side of the relation concerning the other relatum. I argue that each is debatable, and so the argument cannot proceed.
Mystical Theology of St. Simeon New Theologian
Authors: Hilarion of Volokolamsk Metropolitan
Published: March 2017

The article deals with the problem of the divine light in the mystical works of St Symeon the New Theologian (949–1022) in the context of the Eastern Christian ascetical tradition. The author focuses on the passages referring to the divine light in the works of Evagrios Pontikos, St Isaac the Syrian, St Maximus the Confessor, and in the Makarian corpus. As is shown in the present contribution, none of these authors created a fully-developed theory of the vision of the divine light. Being close to these writers in many ideas, St Symeon was generally independent of any of them in his treatment of the theme of vision of light, always basing himself primarily upon his own experience.
Lectio divina, meditatio, imitatio as Basic Categories of Medieval Spirituality
Authors: Karpov Kirill
Published: March 2017

Mysticism is one of the most vague concepts in religious studies. In what follows I propose to boil down mysticism to spirituality and provide an analysis of lectio divina (a spiritual practice which originated in the Middle Ages and still exists). I will also show how we can understand spirituality and how people can produce ‘spiritual knowledge’.
Spirituality as a Subject of Academic Studies in Continental Theology of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Mikhaylov Petr
Published: March 2017

I examine mystical experience through the history of European religious thought, its modern state, and different spiritual practices of the Patristic epoch. The survey gives some definitions: mystical experience is situated in the field of spirituality along with practices of its acquisition – ascetics; and the fruits of it – theology and doctrine. The second part of the article is devoted to a wide field of Christian texts as a representative example of the same experience of the crystallization of mystical experience in ancient tradition, providing a few general types. Reading of religious texts is related very closely with the spiritual condition of the reader and supposes that he/she changes radically in the process of reading, being involved in some existential- hermeneutic circle.
How Are We to Think of God's Freedom?
Authors: Helm Paul
Published: March 2017

The paper discusses two conceptions of divine freedom. The first, Hugh McCann’s, proposes that God is a timelessly eternal act, whose agency is not deliberative and who, in that act, creates himself and the contents of his will. God is such an act. Following discussion of this view, its costs and benefits, a more traditional account of God’s freedom, in which he possesses vestigial alternativity, the freedom to choose an alternative should there have been a sufficient reason to do so.
Miracles Are Not Violations of the Laws of Nature Because the Laws Do Not Entail Regularity
Authors: Von Wachter Daniel
Published: March 2017

Some have tried to make miracles compatible with the laws of nature by re-defining them as something other than interventions. By contrast, this article argues that although miracles are divine interventions, they are not violations of the laws of nature. Miracles are also not exceptions to the laws, nor do the laws not apply to them. The laws never have exceptions; they never are violated or suspended, are probably necessary and unchangeable, and apply also to divine interventions. We need to reconsider not miracles but laws. The main claim of this article is that laws of nature do not entail regularities, and therefore that miracles do not violate the laws. We need a new theory of the laws of nature: the tendency theory.
Against Miracles as Law-Violations: A Neo-Aristotelian Approach
Authors: Archer Joel
Published: March 2017

Miracles are commonly understood in the way David Hume defined them: as violations of the laws of nature. I argue, however, that the conjunction of Hume’s definition with a neo-Humean view of the laws of nature yields objectionable consequences. In particular, the two jointly imply that some miracles are logically impossible. A better way of thinking about miracles, I suggest, is on a neo-Aristotelian metaphysics. On that view, the laws of nature contain built-in ceteris paribus clauses that allow for the possibility of external influences in the natural world. Miracles, understood as instances of external, divine influence, would therefore neither violate the laws of nature nor be instances of those laws. In this respect, neo-Aristotelians have an advantage over neo-Humeans in providing a coherent account of miracles.
Human Autonomy and Theological Ethics
Authors: Adams Robert M.
Published: March 2017

It is argued here that we have good reason to aspire to be autonomous in certain ways that deserve a place in the theory of virtue, but not in some of the ways that have figured most prominently in theories of moral obligation. This grounds an argument that the sorts of autonomy to which we have reason to aspire need not be enemies of theological ethics. The focus is on the relation of autonomy to obligation in sections 1-4, and on the relation of autonomy to love in section 5.
Metaphysical Supernaturalism and Morally Worthy Actions
Authors: Niederbacher SJ Bruno
Published: March 2017

This article is an attempt to solve the question whether there is a version of metaphysical supernaturalism that grants both: first, that moral facts depend in a metaphysical strong way on God, and second, that agnostics and atheists are nevertheless able to perform morally worthy actions. The solution that is developed in this paper builds on a distinction between the proximate and the remote goodmakers of actions. It is argued that the proximate goodmakers of actions can be cognized also by the non-believer and that such knowledge or justified belief of the proximate goodmakers might be sufficient to perform morally worthy actions.
Divine Motivation Theory and Exemplarism
Authors: Zagzebski Linda
Published: March 2017

In this paper I summarize two versions of a new form of ethical theory in which all basic moral terms are defined by direct reference to exemplars of goodness. I call the Christian form Divine Motivation Theory in a book by the same name (Cambridge University Press, 2004), and the more general form I call Exemplarist Virtue Theory (Gifford Lectures 2015) or Exemplarist Moral Theory (forthcoming 2017, Oxford University Press). In the Christian form the supreme exemplar is God. In exemplarist virtue theory exemplars are superbly admirable persons or fictional characters, whose goodness is identified through the emotion of admiration rather than through the satisfaction of descriptive properties. In both versions of the theory the terms ‘good person’, ‘virtue’, ‘good life’, ‘admirable act’, and ‘right act’ are defined by the acts, motives, judgments, and attitudes of exemplary persons.
Tertullian the Unitarian
Authors: Tuggy Dale
Published: March 2017

Tertullian is often celebrated as an early trinitarian, or at least a near- trinitarian, proto-trinitarian, or trinitarian with unfortunate ‘subordinationist’ tendencies. In this paper I shall show that Tertullian was a unitarian, and not at all a trinitarian.
The Problem of Evil and a Critique of Religious Reason
Authors: Shokhin Vladimir K.
Published: March 2017

The author’s goal is to weigh capabilities of theistic reason in regard to the problem of evil, and two formats of reasoning in this regard are strictly differed, i.e. attempts at building theodicies (as universal, generally valid and transparent for all reasonable persons, both believers and nonbelievers, models of explanation of causes, dimensions and distributions of evils and sufferings in the world of the Divine origin and government) and defenses (counterarguments to atheistic inference of the non-existence of God from the abundance of sufferings in the world). The upshot is that while there is no doubt that the great multitude of evils and sufferings in the world are surely beyond reach of any theodicies, it is similarly doubtless that many sound reasons are suitable for countering atheist “evidential refutations”. Some new arguments are offered to counterbalance Rowe’s “friendly atheism”, Draper’s “hypothesis of indifference”, and Schellenberg’s “argument from hiddenness”, along with analysis of wishful thinking underlying all of them.
Effects of Patellofemoral Taping on Patellofemoral Joint Alignment and Contact Area During Weight Bearing
Authors: Ho Kai-Yu , Epstein Ryan , Garcia Ron , Riley Nicole , Lee Szu-Ping
Published: March 2017

Study Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Background

Although it has been theorized that patellofemoral joint (PFJ) taping can correct patellar malalignment, the effects of PFJ taping techniques on patellar alignment and contact area have not yet been studied during weight bearing.

Objective

To examine the effects of 2 taping approaches (Kinesio and McConnell) on PFJ alignment and contact area.

Methods

Fourteen female subjects with patellofemoral pain and PFJ malalignment participated. Each subject underwent a pretaping magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan session and 2 MRI scan sessions after the application of the 2 taping techniques, which aimed to correct lateral patellar displacement. Subjects were asked to report their pain level prior to each scan session. During MRI assessment, subjects were loaded with 25% of body weight on their involved/more symptomatic leg at 0°, 20°, and 40° of knee flexion. The outcome measures included patellar lateral displacement (bisect-offset [BSO] index), mediolateral patellar tilt angle, patellar height (Insall-Salvati ratio), contact area, and pain. Patellofemoral joint alignment and contact area were compared among the 3 conditions (no tape, Kinesio, and McConnell) at 3 knee angles using a 2-factor, repeated-measures analysis of variance. Pain was compared among the 3 conditions using the Friedman test and post hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.

Results

Our data did not reveal any significant effects of either McConnell or Kinesio taping on the BSO index, patellar tilt angle, Insall-Salvati ratio, or contact area across the 3 knee angles, whereas knee angle had a significant effect on the BSO index and contact area. A reduction in pain was observed after the application of the Kinesio taping technique.

Conclusion

In a weight-bearing condition, this preliminary study did not support the use of PFJ taping as a medial correction technique to alter the PFJ contact area or alignment of the patella. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(2):115–123. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6936
Wenn Baumwunden dazu beitragen, Steinschlagmodelle weiterzuentwickeln
Authors: Eichenberger Verena , McArdell Brian , Christen Marc , Trappmann Daniel , Stoffel Markus
Published: March 2017

When tree scars contribute to develop rockfall models

Rockfall is an often occurring natural hazard in mountainous areas. Because rocks proceed very quickly with different types of motion, and because their run-out path is influenced by several factors, the implementation of rockfall processes in numerical models is complex. This article presents the methods of visual scar identification on trees and of measuring rock deposits, to validate the accuracy of the RAMMS::Rockfall model within the active rockfall area of Meretschibach (Canton of Valais, Switzerland). Scenarios with different rock shapes and modified terrain parameters were applied to test the sensitivity of the model to these parameters. Using scans of natural rocks from the field site, which are representative in shape and volume resulted in more realistic modelled median jump heights compared to rocks of the same size (small or large), but also to standard RAMMS rocks which were quite similar in shape and volume to the scanned rocks. The best simulations resulted when the terrain type was defined as two classes softer than registered in terrain. In this case, the difference between the simulated median jump height and the height of the scars on trees was just 23 cm. These results led to improvements in the model and handbook. This study highlights the importance of precise field data to better specify input parameters for rockfall modelling.
Abnormalities of Cerebral Deep Medullary Veins on 7 Tesla MRI in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bouvy Willem H. , Kuijf Hugo J. , Zwanenburg Jaco J.M. , Koek Huiberdina L. , Kappelle L. Jaap , Luijten Peter R. , Ikram M. Kamran , Biessels Geert Jan ,   on behalf of the Utrecht Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) Study group
Published: March 2017

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) contributes to cognitive impairment and dementia. SVD may affect veins, but veins are difficult to detect with 1.5 and 3T MRI. We compared deep medullary veins (DMVs) visualized on 7T-MRI between patients with early Alzheimer’s disease (eAD; n = 17) or amnestic MCI (aMCI; n = 12) and controls ( n = 40). The number and density of DMVs was similar in patients and controls, but tortuosity was higher in eAD (Cohen’s d = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.1–1.2, p = 0.02) and aMCI (Cohen’s d = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.2–1.5, p = 0.01), independent of brain atrophy. Venous changes provide a new perspective on vascular involvement in dementia.
Combined effects of internal heat generation and mass effects on MHD Casson fluid with convective boundary conditions
Authors: Ahmed B. , Iqbal Z. , Azhar E.
Published: March 2017

An analysis has been carried out to study combined effects of internal heat generation and mass effects on Casson fluid with convective boundary conditions towards linear stretching sheet and this physical phenomena is widely used in many food processing engineering. Appropriate transformations are invoked to renovate the leading partial differential equations into the ordinary differential equations. Exact solution for velocity profile is used. Further numerical solution for heat and concentration is acquired by shooting method. The explanation and analysis of the constraints are allotted by means of graphical results used for dimensionless velocity, temperature, concentration, skin resistance coefficient, surface heat and mass transfer.
The Synucleinopathies: Twenty Years On
Authors: Goedert Michel , Jakes Ross , Spillantini Maria Grazia
Published: March 2017

In 2017, it is two hundred years since James Parkinson provided the first complete clinical description of the disease named after him, fifty years since the introduction of high-dose D,L-DOPA treatment and twenty years since α-synuclein aggregation came to the fore. In 1998, multiple system atrophy joined Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies as the third major synucleinopathy. Here we review our work, which led to the identification of α-synuclein in Lewy bodies, Lewy neurites and Papp-Lantos bodies, as well as what has happened since. Some of the experiments described were carried out in collaboration with ML Schmidt, VMY Lee and JQ Trojanowski.
Study of Rape Cases Recorded at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , Chowdhury Md Habibuzzaman , Hossain Md Gisan
Published: March 2017

Background: Rape is a global problem. Epidemiology of Rape differs from country to country.Objective: This study was carried out to determine the incidence of Rape Cases in tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted on the characteristics of the rape cases reported in the Department of Forensic Medicine at Dinajpur Medical College from January 2005 to December 2007. Cases were examined by taking the proper papers from the legal authority. All the cases were eferred form 13th Police station of Dinajpur District, Dinajpur.Result: A total number of 300 cases were collected in this study. The overall cases of rape were 2.3%. More detailed data from 300 cases reveals that 2/3 of the cases were in the age group of 14 to 20 years. Consider the socio- economics status of the victim, it is found that the highest frequency of rape is within the lowest socio-economic group.Conclusion: In the conclusion, the study reveals that the majority of the rape cases were in lower social-economic group with an age 15 to 18 years.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2014; 6(2):64-66
Depression and Its Risk Factors Among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Barua Uttam Kumar , Ghosh Dilip Kumar , Biswas Amar , Nath Mukta , Biswas Bipul Kanti , Saha Nihar Ranjan , Ruble Mesbahul Karim
Published: March 2017

Background: COPDis accompanied with several co-morbidities among which depression is a major one. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of depression and associated risk factors in patients with COPD in a tertiary level hospital of Dhaka city, Bangladesh.Method: This Cross-sectional study was carried out the Department of Respiratory Medicine of ShaheedShurawardy Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to June 2014. 317 COPD patients were selected by systematic sampling. A questionnaire was administered among the respondents to collect the data regarding their socio-demographic conditions followed by Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) to measure the level of depression.Result: Among the 317 respondents, the mean age was 58.40 and 98.1% were male, 1.9% were female. The proportion of depression among patients with COPD was 81.6% (8 out of 10 COPD patients). Among the all respondents, 23.3% had moderate depression, 14.5% had moderately severe depression, and only 4.7% had severe depression. The risk factors which were found to be involved with the development of depression among COPD patients were stage 2 and stage 3 COPD, onset of COPD ? 40 years of age, literate respondents.Conclusion: The study highlight the importance of routine screening for depression of all COPD patients in all healthcare settings and implementation of strategies for proper management and prevention of depression in those patients.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2015, Vol.7(2); 44-48
Myelolipoma - A Rare Benign Adrenal Tumour: A case report
Authors: Begum Maksuda , Majib Mohammad Saiful Hoq Ibna , Mojumber Shibendu , Banajaba - , Khan Ashrafuddin , Ahmed Faroque , Akhter Shamima
Published: March 2017

Myelolipoma is a rare benign hormonally inactive adrenal neoplasm containing mature adipose tissue and a variable amount of haematopoietic elements.Their mostly small size,unilateral site and clinical quiescence are accountable for predominantly incidental disclosure. A symptomatic case of myelolipoma was presented in our hospital with generalized body swelling ,body rash and intermittent dull abdominal pain .He had H/O taking steroid for last 10 yrs to increase body weight and for better felling . All laboratory investigations were found within normal limit and he was referred to our department for radiological investigations. Plain X-ray, USG and CT scan of abdomen was done which revealed an well capsulated circumscribed highly echogenic , fat density soft tissue mass in right lumbar region which was suspected as suprarenal mass possibly myelolipoma and it was confirmed by FNAC as myelolipoma of right adrenal gland.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2016, Vol.8(1); 34-36
Emergence of Distinct Spatial Patterns in Cellular Automata with Inertia: A Phase Transition-Like Behavior
Authors: Kramer Klaus , Koehler Marlus , Fiore Carlos , Da Luz Marcos
Published: March 2017

We propose a Cellular Automata (CA) model in which three ubiquitous and relevant processes in nature are present, namely, spatial competition, distinction between dynamically stronger and weaker agents and the existence of an inner resistance to changes in the actual state S n (=−1,0,+1) of each CA lattice cell n (which we call inertia). Considering ensembles of initial lattices, we study the average properties of the CA final stationary configuration structures resulting from the system time evolution. Assuming the inertia a (proper) control parameter, we identify qualitative changes in the CA spatial patterns resembling usual phase transitions. Interestingly, some of the observed features may be associated with continuous transitions (critical phenomena). However, certain quantities seem to present jumps, typical of discontinuous transitions. We argue that these apparent contradictory findings can be attributed to the inertia parameter’s discrete character. Along the work, we also briefly discuss a few potential applications for the present CA formulation.
Analysis of the Temporal Structure Evolution of Physical Systems with the Self-Organising Tree Algorithm (SOTA): Application for Validating Neural Network Systems on Adaptive Optics Data before On-Sky Implementation
Authors: Suárez Gómez Sergio , Santos Rodríguez Jesús , Iglesias Rodríguez Francisco , De Cos Juez Francisco
Published: March 2017

Adaptive optics reconstructors are needed to remove the effects of atmospheric distortion in optical systems of large telescopes. The use of reconstructors based on neural networks has been proved successful in recent times. Some of their properties require a specific characterization. A procedure, based in time series clustering algorithms, is presented to characterize the relationship between temporal structure of inputs and outputs, through analyzing the data provided by the system. This procedure is used to compare the performance of a reconstructor based in Artificial Neural Networks, with one that shows promising results, but is still in development, in order to corroborate its suitability previously to its implementation in real applications. Also, this procedure could be applied with other physical systems that also have evolution in time.
Progress towards Spin-Based Light Emission in Group IV Semiconductors
Authors: De Cesari Sebastiano , Vitiello Elisa , Giorgioni Anna , Pezzoli Fabio
Published: March 2017

Spin-optoelectronics is an emerging technology in which novel and advanced functionalities are enabled by the synergetic integration of magnetic, optical and electronic properties onto semiconductor-based devices. This article reviews the possible implementation and convergence of spintronics and photonics concepts on group IV semiconductors: the core materials of mainstream microelectronics. In particular, we describe the rapid pace of progress in the achievement of lasing action in the notable case of Ge-based heterostructures and devote special attention to the pivotal role played by optical investigations in advancing the understanding of the rich spin physics of group IV materials. Finally, we scrutinize recent developments towards the monolithic integration on Si of a new class of spin-based light emitting devices having prospects for applications in fields such as cryptography and interconnects.
Detent Force Reduction of a C-Core Linear Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machine with Multiple Additional Teeth
Authors: Du Yi , Yang Gang , Quan Li , Zhu Xiaoyong , Xiao Feng , Wu Haoyang
Published: March 2017

C-core linear flux-switching permanent magnet (PM) machines (LFSPMs) are attracting more and more attention due to their advantages of simplicity and robustness of the secondary side, high power density and high torque density, in which both PMs and armature windings are housed in the primary side. The primary salient tooth wound with a concentrated winding consists of C-shaped iron core segments between which PMs are sandwiched and the magnetization directions of these PMs are adjacent and alternant in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, the secondary side is composed of a simple iron core with salient teeth so that it is very suitable for long stroke applications. However, the detent force of the C-core LFSPM machine is relatively high and the magnetic circuit is unbalanced due to the end effect. Thus, a new multiple additional tooth which consists of an active and a traditional passive additional tooth, is employed at each end side of the primary in this paper, so that the asymmetry due to end effect can be depressed and the detent force can be reduced by adjusting the passive additional tooth position. By using the finite element method, the characteristics and performances of the proposed machine are analyzed and verified.
Analytical Calculation of Magnetic Field Distribution and Stator Iron Losses for Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines
Authors: Tian Zhen , Zhang Chengning , Zhang Shuo
Published: March 2017

Permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are widely used in electric vehicles owing to many advantages, such as high power density, high efficiency, etc. Iron losses can account for a significant component of the total loss in permanent-magnet (PM) machines. Consequently, these losses should be carefully considered during the PMSM design. In this paper, an analytical calculation method has been proposed to predict the magnetic field distribution and stator iron losses in the surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) synchronous machines. The method introduces the notion of complex relative air-gap permeance to take into account the effect of slotting. The imaginary part of the relative air-gap permeance is neglected to simplify the calculation of the magnetic field distribution in the slotted air gap for the surface-mounted permanent-magnet (SPM) machine. Based on the armature reaction magnetic field analysis, the stator iron losses can be estimated by the modified Steinmetz equation. The stator iron losses under load conditions are calculated according to the varying d-q-axis currents of different control methods. In order to verify the analysis method, finite element simulation results are compared with analytical calculations. The comparisons show good performance of the proposed analytical method.
Insight into the Earthquake Risk Information Seeking Behavior of the Victims: Evidence from Songyuan, China
Authors: Li Shasha , Zhai Guofang , Zhou Shutian , Fan Chenjing , Wu Yunqing , Ren Chongqiang
Published: March 2017

Efficient risk communication is a vital way to reduce the vulnerability of individuals when facing emergency risks, especially regarding earthquakes. Efficient risk communication aims at improving the supply of risk information and fulfilling the need for risk information by individuals. Therefore, an investigation into individual-level information seeking behavior within earthquake risk contexts is very important for improved earthquake risk communication. However, at present there are very few studies that have explored the behavior of individuals seeking earthquake risk information. Under the guidance of the Risk Information Seeking and Processing model as well as relevant practical findings using the structural equation model, this study attempts to explore the main determinants of an individual’s earthquake risk information seeking behavior, and to validate the mediator effect of information need during the seeking process. A questionnaire-based survey of 918 valid respondents in Songyuan, China, who had been hit by a small earthquake swarm, was used to provide practical evidence for this study. Results indicated that information need played a noteworthy role in the earthquake risk information seeking process, and was detected both as an immediate predictor and as a mediator. Informational subjective norms drive the seeking behavior on earthquake risk information through both direct and indirect approaches. Perceived information gathering capacity, negative affective responses and risk perception have an indirect effect on earthquake risk information seeking behavior via information need. The implications for theory and practice regarding risk communication are discussed and concluded.