bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of hitting shock on the hatching of drifting fish egg
Authors: Zhang Xian-bing , Yang Wei , Qin Dong-mei , Hu Yaping , Yang Sheng-fa , Li Wen-jie , Hu Jiang
Published: October 2022

The drifting fish eggs are more likely to collide with ships, rocks etc.
as they hatch while migrating through the river. For fish resources
protection and waterway management, it’s important to clarify the upper
threshold of hitting velocity and the effect of the hitting shock on
their hatching. Thus, natural spawned and domesticated fish eggs were
studied and compared. The effects of hitting objects, hitting velocity
and the developmental level of the fish eggs on their hatching was also
studied. The developmental stage was the most sensitive factor to
hitting shock. Almost 70% of natural spawned semi-buoyant fish eggs
can’t hatch successfully when the hitting velocity was 4.4 m s
and collided with rock, and this hatching rate was
about 10%-30% higher than that of farmed ones at the same conditions.
The results are of great significance for the protection of fish
resources in the high-velocity rivers.
Efficacy and safety of metformin in adjuvant chemotherapy for non-diabetic tumor patients： Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: kan yang , zhao qingchun , Lu Haohao
Published: October 2022

Background: Meta-analysis results of observational studies show that
metformin can prolong progression-free survival and overall survival in
cancer patients However, these studies do not strictly distinguish
whether patients have type 2 diabetes or not Therefore, whether
metformin adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of
non-diabetic tumor patients still needs further verification Methods:
Embase、Pubmed and The Cochrane library was systematically searched for
metformin and tumor subject words and free words. Extract PFS,OS and
other related data according to the eligibility criteria. The pooled
data were analysed by meta-analysis using Revman 5.4 to assess the
efficacy and safety of metformin application. Results: A total of 3228
articles were retrieved from the database. After screening, a total of
13 studies and 1255 patients were included in meta-analysis. All
included studies were randomized controlled trials. Metformin combined
with adjuvant chemotherapy did not improve progression-free survival
(HR=0. 01, 95CI-0. 24-0.26) ，overall survival (HR=-0. 03, 95% CI-0.
32-0.26) and not increase the objective response rate of patients. There
was no significant difference in the occurrence of grade 3-4 adverse
reactions compared with placebo Conclusions: Our findings suggest that
chemotherapy combined with metformin may not be beneficial in patients
with non-diabetic tumors, especially in patients with non-small cell
lung cancer, Therefore more high-quality randomized controlled trials
are needed to verify the positive effect of metformin in chemotherapy in
non-diabetic tumors patients.
Oral Hormonal Treatment Adherence in Egyptian Patients with Breast cancer
Authors: Magdy Abdelrahman , Baghdady Noha El , Magdy Ahmed , Youssef Farah , Sayed Kareem , Hussine Mohamed , Megala Joseph , Hossam Salma , Elmaboud Zeyad , Mostafa Hesham , Elgazzar May
Published: October 2022

Introduction: In breast cancer, adjuvant endocrine therapy improves
treatment outcomes. Though, not the whole patients completed their
scheduled treatment protocols. This study aimed to assess adherence to
oral hormonal therapy in Egyptian breast cancer patients. Patients and
methods: From February 2022 to May 2022, a cross-sectional study was
conducted at the National Cancer Institute, Breast Cancer Hospital. An
interview was conducted, along with a survey to assess the adherence of
breast cancer patients to oral hormonal treatment. Adherence was
measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8).
Results: The survey was completed entirely by 300 patients. There were
98.3% females and 1.7 % males among the patients. 30% of the patients
belonged to this age group (40-50 years). The majority of patients were
postmenopausal (90.3%). 18% have a high level of education, while
53.3% are illiterates. 50.7% of patients have other chronic diseases.
44.7% prefer to get medication information from a physician, 27.7%
prefer pharmacists, and 27.7% get medication information from both.
99.7% of patients received proper medication counselling. As a result
of the MMAS-8 survey, 40.3% of all patients were high adherent to their
oral hormonal treatment, 32.7% of the patients have moderate adherence,
and 27% have low adherence. No subgroups (gender, age, educational
level, duration of endocrine therapy, Breast cancer stage, or other
co-morbidities) were significantly associated with adherence level.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates significantly high and moderate
adherence to oral endocrine therapy. Reasons for this could include
proper medication counselling in the setting and regular patients’
follow-up.
Estimating the distributions of inorganic nutrients and total suspended solids induced by soil erosion in an agricultural mountainous area using a revised SWAT+ model
Authors: Bedla Dawid , Halecki Wiktor
Published: October 2022

Processes involving surface water erosion are crucial to the functioning
of ecological systems and river-scale management. However, these
processes are not well understood at the regional and global levels, and
forested agricultural catchments have undergone major degradation
because soils in river valleys are continuously inundated with
rainwater. Most Carpathian catchments, particularly those at lower
elevations, are used for forest or agricultural purposes, which
experience the leaching of inorganic nutrients and fluxes of total
suspended sediments (TSS). The objective of the current study was to
investigate the distribution of inorganic nutrients and TSS in waterways
draining into flysch catchments by using a new SWAT+ tool. The highest
concentrations of inorganic nutrients were recorded in the main
watercourse and in the outflows from the catchments. Nevertheless, the
same trend was not observed for the TSS concentrations. Moreover,
statistically significant relationships were revealed between
agricultural use and N-NO ion
concentrations and between permanent grasslands and P- PO
anions. The SWAT+ model can be a
valuable tool for studying TSS distributions and inorganic nutrient
leaching.
Fate of Palynofacies (sedimentary organic matter) in suburban and urban flood plains of Gomati River, Lucknow, India
Authors: Thakur Biswajeet , Tiwari Pooja , Srivastava Purnima
Published: October 2022

Hydromorphodynamic interactions with vegetation are a part of fluvial
biomorphodynamics in actively meandering rivers. Using palynofacies and
grain size from sub-urban to urban reaches across the river valley, we
examine the spatial patterns of organic matter behaviour in a 38 km
reach of the river Gomati in Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India, in
an effort to understand how they responds to the alteration,
preservation, and degradation after getting transported and deposited in
sediment. To this we analyzed thirteen surface sediment samples of the
Gomati River flood plain for palynofacies and grain size to ascertain
its fate in this stretch which essentially is a big picture for past
settlements. The shifts in the proportions of palynofacies associations
viz. phytoclasts, palynomorphs, and amorphous organic matter (AOM) along
with grain size aims to visualize the depositional process. The CONISS
clusters analysis revealed four zones reflecting high degradation and
alteration of palynofacies in the urban regime compared to the sub-urban
reaches where the low interference with natural settings illustrate low
deterioration of palynofacies. The relationship between grain size and
palynofacies was obtained using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to
emphasize their correlation with palynofacies in this meandering fluvial
system of Gomati River. In the flood plains deposits, the behaviours of
palynofacies, allow for the distinction of the regional aspect of
fluvial disposition. The study offers a comparison between urban and
sub-urban settlement premises of today’s communities and contributes to
our understanding of the growth, dispersal, and decline of earlier human
settlements.
Divergent responses of carbon-degrading enzyme activities to litter alterations: Implications for soil respiration
Authors: Xu Qianhao , Chen Ji , Groenigen Kees-Jan van , Li Dejun , Moorhead Daryl , Osborne Brooke , Ma Zilong , Olesen Jørgen , Hungate Bruce , Smith Pete , Sun Xibin , Chu Chengjin , Chen Hao
Published: October 2022

Global change affects terrestrial litter inputs with cascading effects
on soil respiration (SR). Cellulase and ligninase are dominant
carbon-degrading enzymes, targeting the decomposition of readily
decomposable and structurally complex carbon pools, respectively.
Nevertheless, how litter alterations influence cellulase and ligninase
activities and the implications for SR remain unclear. We conducted a
meta-analysis to show that litter addition increased cellulase activity
by 25.2%, whereas litter removal decreased it by 25.9%. Neither litter
addition nor removal influenced ligninase activity. The changes in
cellulase activity correlated positively with changes in SR, but not for
ligninase activity. The effects of litter addition and removal on
cellulase activity decreased with treatment duration. These results
indicate that litter alterations affect SR primarily by controlling the
microbial decomposition of readily decomposable rather than structurally
complex carbon pools. Altogether, we suggest that the total and
long-term effects of litter alterations on SR might be smaller than
previously thought.
A Novel Capacitor Voltage-Reduced Bidirectional PWM DC-DC Buck-Boost Converter for Renewable Energy Battery Charge System
Authors: Sahin Yakup , Ting Naim Suleyman , Yesilyurt Huseyin
Published: October 2022

A novel capacitor voltage-reduced bidirectional (CVRB) PWM DC-DC
buck-boost converter is presented in this study. Compared to the
conventional bidirectional buck-boost converter, the proposed converter
has a lower voltage rating filter capacitor. Accordingly, the given
converter has a lower cost and 3.3% higher power density than the
conventional buck-boost converter. Additionally, the proposed converter
is more efficient due to the direct power transfer feature. Besides, the
semiconductor switches have no extra voltage/current stress. The
theoretical analysis of the converter is made, and its mathematical
analysis is presented. The novel converter is experimentally operated in
both the buck and boost modes. The experimental waveforms are shown for
both operations. The proposed converter is operated in 100 W output
power and 20 kHz switching frequency conditions.
Thermal oxidation of model molecules to reveal vegetable oil polymerization studied by NMR spectroscopy and self-diffusion
Authors: Barani Mara , Bonetti Rino , Parker Wallace
Published: October 2022

Oxidative polymerization of plant oils and lipids is poorly understood
yet widely encountered. Oil oxidation is accelerated at high
temperatures, typically above 110°C, where tri-acylglycerides are
converted into toxic compounds and viscous deleterious polymers.
Polymerization of mono-unsaturated oil (210°C, 3h, open to air) was
investigated by comparing four similar sized molecules with different
functional groups: oleic acid, methyl oleate, trans-7-tetradecene and
stearic acid. Non-volatile products identified by NMR spectroscopy are
minor ketones for saturated fatty acid (stearic acid), epoxides for acyl
chains without acid groups (methyl oleate, tetradecane) and copious
oligomerization, through ester cross-links, for acyl chains with acid
and olefinic groups (oleic acid). Long range C-H coupling clearly shows
ester (not ether) cross-links, contradicting long held beliefs. Chain
fragmentation also occurs as revealed by species with methylene groups
bonded to oxygen, -CH2-O-C(=O)-R. Large size (slow diffusion) of the
first oligomer (trimer) formed by thermal oxidation of oleic acid,
(representing hydrolyzed vegetable oil) was evidenced by DOSY (diffusion
ordered spectroscopy). Since the first oligomers formed still have
reactive groups (olefin, carboxylic acid), poly-ester formation is
inevitable at longer oxidation times. Model oil reactions monitored by
NMR spectroscopy are important for resolving the complex chemistry of
vegetable oil polymerization.
Effects of AoOTAbZIP on OTA production and food infestation by Aspergillus ochraceus in response to water activity stress
Authors: Li Mingxuan , Liu Yang , Wang Liuqing , Wang Meng , Zhou Jintao , Huang Weijian , Deng Chuanling , He Mingjun , Chen Li , Yu Xi , Xiao Ying , Ma Yanling
Published: October 2022

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin whose
toxicity includes hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and
immunotoxicity. Recently, there have been many studies on OTA
biosynthetic gene clusters. AoOTAbZIP (also known as otaR1) basic
region/leucine zipper (bZIP)-specific gene that controls the expression
levels of 4 biosynthetic genes in the OTA biosynthetic pathway, bZIP
gene is known to be involved in the regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis
by various environmental factors in eukaryotes. This study explored the
regulation of OTA biosynthesis in Aspergillus ochraceus under
AoOTAbZIP-mediated water activity stress. High water activity (0.96 AW)
was beneficial to the growth of A. ochraceus, and moderate water
activity conditions of 0.91 AW has a stress effect on A. ochraceus,
among them the growth of the mutant strain was better than that of the
wild type. The mutant did not produce OTA at any condition. Wild type
toxin production and expression levels of the OTA biosynthetic genes
decreased under both high water activity (0.96 AW) and moderate water
activity (0.91 AW), indicating that the toxin production of A. ochraceus
was also affected by this water activity degree, moreover, the
expression levels of the biosynthetic genes in the mutant strain were
inhibited to extremely low levels compared to the wild type. The
pathogenicity experiments revealed that pears infected with WT and
ΔAoOTAbZIP mutant strains showed no significant differences, indicating
that the deletion of the AoOTAbZIP gene has no significant effect on the
pathogenicity of A. ochraceus.
Development of Waterfalls and Penikit Hot Springs Tourism Objects in Belok Sidan Village
Authors: Nyoman Dwika Ayu Amrita  , Agus Wiryadhi Saidi  , Made Mulia Handayani
Published: October 2022

The attraction of Penikit Waterfall is unique, which is known as a hot and cold waterfall. However, the development of Penikit Waterfall tourism has not sufficiently affected the economy of the local community. The lack of visitors and the lack of information in the wider community about the place is one of the weaknesses of this tourist attraction. In addition, the infrastructure at this tourist attraction is still lacking. For this reason, it is necessary to hold a PKM for the development of Penikit Waterfalls and Hot Springs in Belok Sidan Village, Petang District, Badung Regency. The target partner in this PKM is the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) Wana Giri, totaling 33 people. The PKM activities carried out are, repairing toilets (structural work and finishing work), installing clean water for toilets, parking lot cleaning, hardening and cementing hot water pools, making WEB, training on using WEB and simple bookkeeping. The results of the PKM program on the Penikit Waterfall and Hot Springs help increase the economic potential that supports development in the Penikit area in particular, namely: there are business opportunities, there is an increase in income, and there is labor absorption.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Pangan Sumber Protein pada Kelompok Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Upaya Mencegah Stunting di Desa Fatumonas, Kecamatan Amfoang Tengah, Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Detha Annytha - , Maranatha Grace , Riwu Magdarita , Umbu Datta Sandra Clarissa
Published: October 2022

Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) menjadi provinsi dengan persentase balita stunting tertinggi nasional. Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting yaitu adanya praktik kebersihan dan sanitasi lingkungan, tingkat kecukupan protein dan tingkat pengetahuan gizi ibu. Potensi alam di wilayah Nusa Tenggara Timur sangat potensial untuk produksi ikan dan tanaman kelor yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan protein masyarakat di wilayah Nusa Tenggara Timur. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pelatihan pengolahan pangan sumber protein pada kelompok pemberdayaan perempuan. Kegiatan ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan seperti tahap penyuluhan, tahap praktik, tahap percontohan, dan tahap monitoring. Metodenya adalah pendidikan, pelatihan, pendampingan, dan monitoring, serta evaluasi. Pelatihan ini memberikan manfaat bagi kelompok pemberdayaan perempuan Fatumonas, dan meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan perempuan dalam memanfaatkan potensi pangan local sumber protein untuk diolah secara berkelanjutan menjadi sumber proien harian yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizi keluarga. Disarankan kegiatan ini dilanjutkan untuk pengemasan dan pelabelan.
Teacher Professionalism Development: Scientific Writing Training for Teachers in Madiun
Authors: Amita Tri Prasasti Pinkan , Lukitasari Marheny Lukitasari , Novi Primiani Cicilia Novi Primiani , Handhika Jeffry Handhika , Murtafiah Wasilatul Murtafi’ah , Zahroatul Khoirotil Umath Syamsiyatuz Zahroatul Khoirotil Umath , Khasanah Qurul Khasanah
Published: October 2022

Writing scientific papers is a very important activity for a professional and competent teacher in their field. This activity does not only need to be carried out in order to obtain credit scores for promotions or for accreditation purposes, but also to increase the professionalism of teachers. The purpose of this activity is to assist teachers in the district Madiun in improving the professionalism of teachers by producing scientific publications based on the results of the preparation of CAR. The implementation of activities is carried out separately for each teacher with different educational levels. The training is carried out in a planned manner so as to support the goals set. In detail, the series of activities are described as follows: 1. Coordination of the community service team of FKIP UNIPMA with the Education Office of Madiun Regency; 2. The office sends a letter of assignment to the appointed committee and resource persons and determines the date of activities at each level; 3. The committee prepares administrative needs (correspondence, attendance), place of activity, contacting resource persons and providing supporting equipment to support activities; 4. Resource persons carry out activities according to the provisions. Based on the results of the mentoring, scientific papers from 60 participants at every level of kindergarten, elementary and junior high school education have been given recommendations by the team to be continued in scientific publications. All participants produced CAR and scientific articles. 20% of the total scientific articles have been published in scientific journals.
Early Warning System for Potential Fires in the Dry Season Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Maitimu Excel Barthel , Widiasari Indrastanti Ratna
Published: October 2022

Almost every year, forest and land fires occur in Indonesia, the impact of which is felt by the surrounding community and neighboring countries. Such as the recent fires in East Kotawaringin and Katingan, Central Kalimantan. The land affected by the fire is believed to be a concession belonging to a Malaysian company. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the area of forest and land fires is calculated based on an analysis of Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite imagery, which is compared (overlay) with data on the distribution of hotspots. In this research, the Internet of Things (IoT) can be useful in preventing forest fires that usually occur on the slopes of Merbabu during the dry season. IoT sensor technology can detect air humidity, temperature, and wind speed parameters for fires in the dry season. This study aims to warn of potential forest and land fires in Mount Merbabu by providing notifications from IoT sensors. From the sensor testing that has been done, it can be seen that the sensor can provide information accurately and in real-time. The tests were carried out in three places: at the foot of Mount Merbabu, the SWCU FTI Peak, and the rice fields. The different results in three places with different vegetation indices indicate that the design of a fire potential warning system based on the Internet of Things in the dry season (July – September) can be used in areas with a low vegetation index on the slopes of Mount Merbabu, the majority of which are dry and easy grasslands burnt.
Pengaruh Kepercayaan dan Customer value Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Produk Sampo Lifebuoy
Authors: Wulandari Apriani , Rahmidani Rose
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the confidence of trust and customer value on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable in Lifebuoy shampoo in the city of Padang. This type of research is causative research. The population in this study is the people of Padang city who have used Lifebuoy shampoo more than 2 times and the determination of the number of samples using the choachroan formula is as many as 97 samples. This study uses the purposive sampling technique with the consideration that consumers have used Lifebuoy shampoo more than 2 times. The data used is the type of primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to the people of the city of Padang with predetermined criteria. The analytical method used is path analysis using SPSS 21. The results show that (1) trust has a significant and positive effect on customer satisfaction, (2) customer value has a significant and positive effect on customer satisfaction, (3) customer value significant and positive effect on customer loyalty, (4) customer satisfaction has a significant and positive effect on customer loyalty, (5) trust has a significant and positive effect on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable, (6) customer value has a significant and positive effect on loyalty customers through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable.Keywords : trust, customer value, customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction
Pengaruh Pengawasan dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (BAPPEDA) Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Edlin Nadya , Armiati Armiati
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of supervision and work discipline on employee performance at the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of West Sumatra Province. This type of research is an associative descriptive study. The sampling technique used in this study was a saturated sample technique with a sample of 89 employees. The data analysis technique used in this research is path analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that work discipline as an intervening variable does not succeed in mediating the supervisory relationship as an exogenous variable on employee performance as an endogenous variable. In more detail, it can be concluded that: (1) the supervision of the leadership affects the work discipline of the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of West Sumatra Province. This means that the better the supervision carried out by the leadership, the higher the work discipline of employees will be, and vice versa, (2) the supervision of the leadership affects the performance of employees at the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of West Sumatra Province. This means that the better the supervision carried out by the leadership, the higher the performance produced by the employees, and vice versa. (3) Work discipline affects the performance of employees at the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of West Sumatra Province. This means that the better the employee's work discipline, the higher the employee's performance will be, and vice versa..Keywords: supervision, work discipline, employee performance.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Sumatera Barat Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Yelfina Niva , Marwan Marwan
Published: October 2022

The porpuse of this research is to know the effect of population growth, human development indeks (HDI) and poverty toward economics growth in West Sumatera with Fixed Effect Model (FEM) as selected model using panel data during the period 2015 until 2019. The technique of collecting data are documentation and library studies from relevant institutions. Independent variables of this research are Population Growth (X1), Human Development Indeks (X2) and Poverty (X3). Then the dependent variable is Economics Growth (Y). The research method are determination coeffisient test (R2), hypothesis test used T-test and F-test with 5 % significance level. The result of this research are : population growth has a positive significant effect on economics growth, human development indeks has a positive significant effect on economics growth, and poverty has a negative significant effect on economics growth. Then the simultaneously result is population growth, human development indeks, and poverty has an effect on economics growth in West Sumatera.Keywords : economics growth, population growth, human development indeks, poverty
Analisis Pengaruh Work Stress and Burnout Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di DKI Jakarta Selama Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Ichsan Mohammad , Sudjatmoko Agung , Aprilianti Shifa , Nurshavira Amanda Putri
Published: October 2022

Abstract: This research was created with the aim to find out how the effects of Work Stress, and Burnout on Employee Performance in DKI Jakarta during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Based on the results of this study is expected to provide input, both to the company and to the employees themselves. This aims to find the most effective way so that employees can work comfortably and can still produce a good performance and still maintain the quality of the company. The data collection method used questionnaires to 200 people as respondents. Data analysis techniques use multiple linear regression analysis. Therefore, if Work Stress and Burnout can be controlled then employees are able to provide their best performance for the company as well as for the community
BOOK REVIEW: ENGLISH CURRICULUM AND MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Astri Zul
Published: October 2022

This textbook, entitled "English Curriculum and Material Development," covers a variety of subjects in 11 Chapters. It is good for educational practitioners who are always in touch with the curriculum and syllabus. This book was written by a lecturer at the Ponorogo State Islamic Institute named Pryla Rochmawati. It consists of 4 main parts, namely Curriculum and Syllabus, Component of Curriculum, Curriculum in Indonesian Context, and Material Development. However, here I will briefly explain one by one the chapters contained in this book.  Chapter 1 discusses the concept of curriculum and syllabus, including its definitions, the difference, kinds of the syllabus, and its importance in language teaching. Chapter 2 examines a component of the curriculum called Need Analysis. It discusses the definition, purpose, and targets, as well as the steps and techniques for doing a need analysis. Chapter 3 is concerned with the conceptualization of aims, goals, and objectives. Chapter 4 discusses Assessment and Testing, emphasizing the how and why of assessment and testing. Chapter 5 covers materials as a component of the curriculum. This section discusses the basis for material design, the material blueprint, and the origins of materials. Chapter 6 focuses on the teaching concept, which encompasses the roles of institutions, teachers, the teaching and learning process, and the application of curriculum through lesson plans. Chapter 7 examined the concept of evaluation. It discusses the approaches, purpose, and procedures used in conducting curriculum evaluation. Chapter 8 discusses the curriculum and syllabus in the Indonesian context. Chapter 9 discusses the SMA/MA English curriculum, including the syllabus and lesson plans for this grade. Chapter 10 focuses on the SMP/MTs level curriculum, including the syllabus and lesson plans for this grade. Finally, Chapter 11 examines the concept of material development in English language teaching. This textbook is intended to augment the teaching and learning processes in the English Curriculum and Material Development course, as well as to encourage students to be active and motivated learners.
READING ANXIETY OF EFL LEARNERS IN INDONESIAN RURAL SCHOOLS: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Mudra Heri , Mckinnon Timothy
Published: October 2022

The purposes of this current study were twofold. First, it attempted to find out the level of reading anxiety among EFL learners in rural schools. Second, it sought to determine whether there is a statistical difference in reading anxiety between rural EFL learners across gender and level of study. Seventy-seven EFL learners from several rural Indonesian schools were involved in completing a 27-items EFL Reading Anxiety Inventory (EFLRAI). The findings revealed different levels of top-down, bottom-up, and classroom reading anxiety among rural school learners. Regarding the statistical differences across gender, it is found that male learners outperformed females in terms of top-down and bottom-up reading anxiety. However, female learners offered a better understanding than male learners. Meanwhile, in terms of study grades, it is stated that freshmen learners are more dominant in experiencing reading anxiety than junior and senior learners. In short, reading anxiety has different levels among different EFL learners. In addition, differences occur when each learner with different gender and study grade experience anxiety in reading.
Welcome to this issue of the College’s Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management
Authors: Fong Neale
Published: October 2022

As I write the registrations for our Annual Asia-Pacific Health Leaders Congress are close to finalising with over 550 health leaders attending on 21-23 September 2023 in Perth, Western Australia. I am sure we are all looking forward to the opportunity to catch up with peers we have not seen for some time and meet new fellows and members of the College. If you have missed this opportunity, put the dates of 11-13 October in your diary as next year we are in Canberra, the capital of Australia.
CENGİZ AYTMATOV UN ESERLERİNDE KADER İZLEĞİ VE HZ. MUSA TEVİLİ
Authors: Akın Cüneyt
Published: October 2022

Cengiz Aytmatov, yazarlığındaki mükemmeliyet derecesine varan ustalığı ve anlatılarındaki olağanüstü kurgularıyla ve sembolik anlatımlarıyla dünyanın en büyük yazarlarından biri olmayı başarmış ve yüz doksan dört dile eserleri çevrilerek bunu ispatlamış bir yazardır. Aytmatov’un kurgularını sıradan olmaktan çıkaran başlıca hususlardan biri, bir
nevi yaratılış düzeni veya evrende birbiriyle son derece ilişkili hadiselerin ahengi diyebileceğimiz ve “ölçü veya düzen” kelimeleriyle de adlandırabileceğimiz “kader” kavramını çok ince bir ustalıkla işleyerek, eserlerindeki kahramanların, olayların, doğadaki varlıkların ve hayvanların kaderlerini birbiriyle kesiştirmesidir diyebiliriz. Söz konusu kaderler, bazen insan-hayvan-doğa üçgeninde bezen insan-doğa ve insan-hayvan, bazı durumlarda ise doğa-hayvan bağlamlarında kesişmektedir. Buradaki kesişmeleri ortaya koymadaki ana maksatlardan biri, yazarın sembolik anlatımında anlatmak istediğini, okurun anlayışına yaklaştırma endişesi veya evrendeki yaratılış ve buna bağlı olarak gerçekleşen olayların hikmetlerini ortaya koyma amacı söz konusu olabilir. Ayrıca Aytmatov’un söz konusu kaderleri örtük bir sistem eleştirisi aracı olarak kullandığı da söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda, yukarıda bahsedilen ortak kaderlerin birbiriyle münasebetleri ele alınarak, yazarın metin kurgusunun anlaşılması ve yazarlık kabiliyetinin dikkatlere sunulması mümkün olabilecektir kanaatindeyiz. Çalışmada, insanlığın ortak dertlerine çareler arayan ve bu çareleri eserlerinde işleyen Aytmatov’un, evrendeki işleyişi ve bu işleyişibozucu unsurları ortaya koyduğu eserlerinden yola çıkarak, “kader izleği”
çerçevesinde ve Hz. Mûsâ ile Hz. Hızır arasında geçen kıssa üzerinden bir inceleme yapılacaktır.
FATİH KERİMÎ NİN “TİLSİZ HATUN” ADLI HİKÂYESİ ÜZERİNE
Authors: Çakmak Cihan
Published: October 2022

18 ve 20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde farklı coğrafyalarda baş gösteren birtakım yenilik hareketleri İdil Ural sahasında geniş yankı bulmuş, özellikle eğitimin modernleşmesi zemininde ortaya çıkan yeni arayışlar beraberinde uzun yıllardır süregelen klasik eğitim kurumlarının sorgulanmasına da fırsat tanımıştır. Yüzyıllardır geleneksel bir anlayışın hüküm
sürdüğü Buhara medreselerindeki eski öğretim metodunun hâkim olduğu medreselere ilk itirazlar Şehabeddin Mercani gibi büyük âlimler tarafından dillendirilecektir. Mercani’yi takip eden yıllarda topluma hiçbir katkısı olmayan bu kadimci anlayış yüksek sesle eleştirilecek ve eğitimde modern anlayışın hâkim olması gerektiği ortaya konacaktır. Kendini “ceditçiler” olarak adlandıran aydınlar gurubu, bu eski medreselerle toplumun ileriye gitmesinin mümkün olmayacağını dile getirerek okuma yazmanın artması ve kız çocuklarının da erkeklerle eşit bir şekilde eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinden faydalanması gerektiğini dile getireceklerdir. İşte bu hareketin içinde yer alan Fatih Kerimî, yazdığı eserler ile gazete ve dergi faaliyetlerinde toplumdaki problemli alanlar üzerinde durarak bunlara çözüm önerileri sunacaktır. Toplumun dertleriyle dertlenen, halkın içinde bulunduğu sıkıntılar
üzerinde sürekli düşünen ve sorunlara çözüm bulmayı ilke edinen Kerimî, mensup olduğu Tatar milletinin gelişmesi için sürekli eğitim ve yayın faaliyetleriyle meşgul olmuştur. Bu itibarla yazdığı eserler ve yayıncılık faaliyetlerinde âdeta bir sosyolog gibi toplumdaki sorunlu alanları teşhis etme ve bu alanlara çözüm yolları bulma gayreti içinde bulunmuştur.
Bu çalışmada, Fatih Kerimî’nin 1908 yılında Orenburg’da yayımlanan “Tilsiz Hatun” adlı eseri üzerinde durulacaktır. Söz konusu eser Kerimî’nin gazetelerde kaleme aldığı fikrî yazıları ile hikâyelerinde üzerinde durduğu toplumsal konulardan farklı olarak, bireysel bir üslupla kaleme alınması ve mizahi unsurlar içermesi bakımından yazarın diğer eserlerinden ayrılmasıyla dikkat çekmektedir.
Partisipasi Kelas dalam Mata Kuliah Akuntansi: Persiapan, Frekuensi, Kenyamanan dan Pembelajaran
Authors: Nugroho Paskah Ika , Lestari Agung
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor - faktor yang memengaruhi kenyamanan mahasiswa dalam partisipasi kelas serta dampaknya terhadap ukuran objektif pembelajaran mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pembelajaran aktif, yang berfokus pada metode kasus dalam diskusi kelas pada mata kuliah akuntansi manajemen Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana. Kebiasaan awal mahasiswa serta persepsi mengenai diskusi kelas diukur dengan kuesioner pre dan post test, data nilai sebagai ukuran objektif pembelajaran diperoleh dari dosen pengajar. Tiga nilai dicatat dari tiap mahasiswa yaitu nilai ujian akhir, nilai rata-rata kasus, dan nilai partisipasi kelas. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi partisipasi mahasiswa dalam diskusi kelas berpengaruh positif terhadap kenyamanan mahasiswa berpartisipasi dalam diskusi kelas. Hasil pengujian juga mengindikasikan bahwa kenyamanan mahasiswa dan IPK awal berpengaruh positif terhadap ukuran objektif pembelajaran yang diperoleh mahasiswa.
Strengthening Self-Efficacy in Nursing Students as Preparation for Admission to Clinical Practices at a university in Boyacá – Colombia
Authors: Quemba-Mesa Monica Paola , Arenas-Cárdenas Yury Marcela , Vargas-Rodríguez Leidy Yemile , Díaz-Fernández Jenny Katherine , Díaz-Niño Sandra Lizeth
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Nursing students when entering clinical practices are faced with making use of all their personal and emotional resources to adapt to a challenging context. In this scenario, the concept of self-efficacy is essential to assertively assume this process. Objective: To describe the implementation of didactic strategies to strengthen self-efficacy in nursing students as preparation for entering clinical practices at a university in the department of Boyacá (Colombia). Methods: Reflection article derived from research, where five workshops with 44 fourth-semester Nursing students are documented, creating spaces for self-reflection and awareness in strengthening self-efficacy in the context of the development of an Action Participation Research study. Results: Self-efficacy is a skill that involves different internal and external characteristics and tools in its development; This is clearly influenced by the way in which students develop their autonomy, communicate, make decisions and apply them in daily life. The family, academic peers, and teachers are facilitators, guides and motivators in the development of personal and academic self-efficacy. Conclusions: Developing didactic activities as preparation for the beginning of clinical practices allows the strengthening of self-efficacy and contributes to the achievement of favorable academic results; thus, training must focus on both technical-scientific aspects and competencies related to decision-making and coping with academic, work and personal difficulties.
Investigation of the effect of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) on Ehrlich ascites tumor
Authors: Nisari Mustafa , İnanç Neriman , Tokpınar Adem , Al Özge , Uçar Sümeyye , Taştan Mustafa , Ateş Şükrü , Yılmaz Seher
Published: October 2022

Introduction

One of the most important health problems today is cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of yarrow (Y) with known anticarcinogenic effect on Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT).

Materials and Methods

The above-ground part (300 g) of Y was macerated with water and extracted three times for 24 hours at 37°C in a shaking water bath. In the study, EAT cells were divided into control, DMSO group 5-FU, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/ml YP groups.

Results

At the end of the hour, it was observed that total apoptosis increased significantly in Y groups (especially 50 μg/ml) compared to the control group (p<0.05). It was observed that Y slowed the division of EAT cells (especially 800 μg/ml) by stopping the cell cycle at the G0/G1 stage. It was concluded that Y (especially at high doses) triggered apoptosis by significantly increasing the percentage of total depolarized cells (p<0.001) in all three time periods.

Conclusions

The results obtained showed that Y extract may have an antitumoral effect on EAT cells. It is thought that this study will contribute to studies on cancer treatment.
The impact of type 2 diabetes duration on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and C-reactive protein concentration in Bosnian patients
Authors: Zaciragic Asija , Dervisevic Amela , Avdagic Nesina , Babic Nermina , Valjevac Amina , Lepara Orhan , Huskic Jasminko
Published: October 2022

Objective. The present study assessed the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) duration on the serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in Bosnian patients.

Methods. Participants for this cross-sectional study were randomly selected from the Family Medicine Clinic (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina). Serum ADMA concentration was determined by ELISA. Serum high-sensitivity (hs-CRP) was determined by particle-enhanced immunonephelometry. ANOVA test followed by Scheffe post-hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Man-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis.

Results. The study included 38 patients in up to 10 years diabetes duration (≤10 years T2DM) group, 22 patients in greater than 10 years diabetes duration (>10 years T2DM) group, and 60 controls. Serum ADMA concentration in the >10 years T2DM group (1.81±0.15 μmol/L) was significantly higher compared to serum ADMA concentration in the ≤10 years T2DM group (1.38±0.41 μmol/L; p<0.001) and in controls (0.62±0.15 μmol/L; p<0.001). A significant difference in serum ADMA concentration was found between the <10 years T2DM group and the controls (p<0.001). The serum CRP concentration in the >10 years T2DM group [5.95 (4.20–9.12) mg/L] was significantly higher compared to serum CRP concentration in the <10 years T2DM group [2.35 (1.40–4.30) mg/L; p<0.001] and controls [0.85 (0.50–1.30) mg/L; p<0.001]. Significant difference in serum CRP concentration was observed between the <10 years T2DM group and controls (p<0.001).

Conclusions. The present study showed an increase in the serum ADMA and CRP concentrations with the advancement of T2DM. These results suggest that ADMA and CRP may serve as indicators of endothelial dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation progression in patients with T2DM. Larger prospective studies are required to confirm the observed findings.
Indo-French Comprehensive Bilateral Cooperation: A Roadmap to Indo-Pacific Parks Partnership and Beyond
Authors: Bharti Mukesh Shankar , Kumari Suprabha , Bharti Sushant Shankar
Published: October 2022

Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of this research is to the a ssess the Indo-French bilateral cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region. The study aims to identify the main areas of cooperation between India and France. This paper assesses a roadmap for the broader strategy for the „Indo-Pacific Parks Partnership”.

Materials and methods: It uses the empirical approach to know to what extent the Indo-French cooperation achieves its goal. Further, this study answers the following research questions to test a hypothesis. What kind of bilateral partnerships are the two countries shaping for deeper comprehensive cooperation? Why is the Indo-Pacific the central part of the Indo-French partnerships? India and France strategically shifted their bilateral partnership towards the Pacific and Indian Ocean regions for deeper cooperation.

Results: The bilateral partnership between India and France has been tremendously accelerating for the last decade. Both the countries are better attuned in the context of Maritime Security and trade cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.

Conclusions: The article concludes that India and France need a deeper partnership in the Indo- Pacific region to accelerate trade and business in the maritime domain.
Green Bonds as an Opportunity to Rationalise Local-Government Finances
Authors: Milewska Anna
Published: October 2022

Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of the study was to identify the areas of activity of the local authorities in the context of the implementation of public tasks that could be financed with funds from the issue of the so-called green bonds.

Materials and methods: T he m ain r esearch method w as c ritical a nalysis of documents (using document of a normative nature and of various ranks) and the literature on broadly defined public finance and financial market issues. The individual case method, as well as inductive and deductive reasoning were also supportive in achieving the purpose of the study.

Results: The study presents areas related to the provision of public services and identifies those of them which represent negative environmental impact. The identified characteristics of public task entities included provide the premise for answering the question: will an instrument such as the ‘green bonds’ constitute a secure source of funding? The study shows the evolution of legislative changes relevant to the implementation of environmentally sustainable projects while presenting the benefits of their implementation.

Conclusions: The conclusions indicate the benefits of financing investments with funds from the issue of ‘green bonds’ for the budget of the local authority, the issuer and the bondholders.
JAK/STAT pathway targeting in primary Sjögren syndrome
Authors: Gandolfo Saviana , Ciccia Francesco
Published: October 2022

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune systemic disease mainly affecting exocrine glands and resulting in disabling symptoms, as dry eye and dry mouth. Mechanisms underlying pSS pathogenesis are intricate, involving multiplanar and, at the same time, interlinked levels, e.g., genetic predisposition, epigenetic modifications and the dysregulation of both immune system and glandular-resident cellular pathways, mainly salivary gland epithelial cells. Unravelling the biological and molecular complexity of pSS is still a great challenge but much progress has been made in recent years in basic and translational research field, allowing the identification of potential novel targets for therapy development. Despite such promising novelties, however, none therapy has been specifically approved for pSS treatment until now. In recent years, growing evidence has supported the modulation of Janus kinases (JAK) - signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathways as treatment strategy immune mediated diseases. JAK-STAT pathway plays a crucial role in autoimmunity and systemic inflammation, being involved in signal pathways of many cytokines. This review aims to report the state-of-the-art about the role of JAK-STAT pathway in pSS, with particular focus on available research and clinical data regarding the use of JAK inhibitors in pSS.
The effect of Ulva rigida (C. Agardh, 1823) against cadmium-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress
Authors: İrkin Latife Ceyda
Published: October 2022

Cadmium (Cd) is known as a pollutant source in recent years with the increase in industrialization. Algae have secondary metabolites with high biological activity, used for pharmaceutical agents. The liver and kidney are the primary organs involved in the elimination of systemic cadmium and the main targets of cadmium toxicity. In the previous research, it was determined the ameliorative effects of the extract obtained from Ulva rigida in the liver tissue of rats induced by cadmium. 35 female Wistar rats between 225-240 g were used. The subjects were injected subcutaneously with 1 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2) four times a week for four weeks. The study was carried out by groups as control (G1), Cadmium group (1 mg/kg CdCl2-G2), Algae group (100 mg/kg-G3), Cd+algae group (1 mg/kg CdCl2+50 mg/kg algae extract-G4) and Cd+algae group (1 mg/kg CdCl2+100 mg/kg algae extract -G5). The subjects were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Liver tissue and cardiac blood were collected. It was determined that oxidative stress with iNOS, inflammation and apoptosis with TNF-α increased with cadmium induction, while there was a statistically significant decrease in the groups that were given algae extract. In addition, biochemical changes in SOD, CAT and MDA values were found to be significant (p<0.05). As a result, it was determined that algae extract could play a protective role with its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties in experimentally induced cadmium toxicity in rats.