bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Civil law
Authors: Grishaev Sergey
Published: September 2022

The textbook has been prepared in accordance with the state educational standard of secondary vocational education. The content of the textbook covers the provisions of all four parts of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and other regulations adopted on its basis.
For students and teachers of educational institutions of secondary professional education of legal profile, as well as for practicing lawyers, entrepreneurs.
Perceptions of bereaved family members of nursing care on an inpatient hospice palliative care unit
Authors: Maze Carolyn , Wilkinson Carolyn , Stajduhar Kelli , Daudt Helena , Tysick Shelley
Published: September 2022

Background:

Understanding family members' (FMs) perceptions of the care provided by nurses is crucial to facilitating positive outcomes for FMs.

Aims:

To better understand how bereaved FMs perceive the care nurses provide in an inpatient hospice palliative care unit.

Methods:

An exploratory study was conducted, with an interpretive description methodology. It was guided by the question: ‘How do bereaved FMs perceive nursing care in our unit, and how does this influence their bereavement experiences?’ A total of 10 FMs—or close friends—who had a significant other die on a palliative care unit were interviewed.

Findings:

Findings support the belief that positive relationships and interactions with nurses impact families' perceptions of end of life. Nurses create a therapeutic environment, building a sense of ease and meaning for patients and families.

Conclusion:

Participation of nurses in rituals and patient-honouring practices after death may help families to cope and create positive memories during their grieving process.
Music as an inclusion tool: can primary school teachers use it effectively?
Authors: Devolli Ardita , Avdıu-kryeziu Shqipe
Published: September 2022

The music education subject, which is part of the curriculum area of arts, and music as a whole, as an educational activity by the teacher, is necessary to be used in activities with students for effective teaching in primary schools. It is very important that the teacher, during educational activities, includes, in every subject, music as a teaching tool with the aim of inclusiveness for all students in the classroom. The purpose of this research is to get teachers’ opinions on whether they can use music as a tool for inclusiveness for effective teaching in primary schools. This research was carried out with primary school teachers, grades 1-5, with the aim of incorporating music in all subjects as a tool for inclusiveness. The research methodology is oriented to the review of the literature that deals with this topic, and the semi-structured interview with primary school teachers in Kosovo. From this research, we have obtained satisfactory results, which argue our topic that music is an effective tool in inclusiveness on primary school education.
Klasik batı müziğinde kullanılan si bemol klarnet ekipmanlarının incelenmesi ve kullanım alanlarındaki farklılıklar
Authors: Kılıç Kaya
Published: September 2022

Enstrüman icracıları için başarılı performans sergileyebilmek, doğru enstrüman ve doğru ekipman kullanımıyla paralel olarak ilerleyen bir süreçtir. İcracı için uygun enstrüman ve ekipman seçimi bu bağlamda büyük önem taşımaktadır. Üflemeli bir enstrüman olan si bemol klarnet icracıları da, kendilerini müzikal açıdan ifade etmenin en iyi yolunu bulmak için farklı arayışlara girmektedirler. Enstrümandan çıkan tonun ve ses renginin önce kendisine daha sonra da dinleyenlere güzel gelmesi için yıllarca farklı ekipmanları deneyerek en güzel tınıyı bulmaya çalışırlar. Klarnetlerin ekipmanları teknolojinin de ilerlemesiyle yıllar içinde gelişim ve değişiklik göstermiştir. Bu gelişmeler neticesinde icracıların istedikleri tınılara ulaşmalarını sağlamak için enstrüman üreticisi olan müzik şirketleri her ekipman için farklı ürün geliştirme yoluna gitmişlerdir. Makalede bu ekipmanların kullanım alanları, farklılıkları gibi konulardaki bilgi eksikliğinin giderilmesi adına detaylı bir inceleme sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Makaleye konu olan ekipmanlar ile ilgili bilgilere literatür taraması yapılarak ulaşılmış ve detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Si bemol klarnette kullanılan ağızlıklar, bilezikler, kamışlar ve bariller incelenmiş; model, marka ve özelliklerine göre gruplandırılıp kullanım alanlarındaki farklılıklar hakkında detaylı bilgi sunulmuştur. Ayrıca araştırma sırasında dünyaca tanınmış çeşitli klarnet markalarının ürettiği farklı model ekipmanlar incelenerek karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın klarnet icracılarının performanslarını olumlu anlamda değiştirecek yararlı bir kaynak niteliği taşıdığı düşünülmektedir.
The names of the musical instruments in the Turkish translation of Shota Rustaveli’s Poem “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin”
Authors: Nikabadze Nona , Tandılava Lile , Baramıdze Maia
Published: September 2022

Shota Rustaveli’s poem “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin” is an epic poem containing medieval lyrical passages. The poem is distinguished by a variety of musical instruments. Our article deals with the issue of translating the most commonly used musical instruments in the Turkish translation of “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin “. Using empirical material, source and target texts have been compared to understand how adequately the musical instruments are translated in the Turkish translation of “The Knight in the Panther’s Skin “ performed by Bilal Dindar and Zeynelabidin Makas. Our goal is to investigate the principle of selection of equivalents and evaluate its adequacy. In this article, we will discuss the most commonly used musical instruments, which can be grouped as follows: String instruments - Chang, Eban, Barbuti, Chaghana; Wind instruments -Buki and Na; Percussion musical instrument -Tsintsilani; Drums - Noba and Nobati, Kosi, Tablaki. In many cases, these musical instruments have the corresponding words in the Turkish language, however, the translator does not translate them into the target language. Based on the comparison of the texts, we will empirically determine the proximity of the source text and the translation text.
Çağdaş dönem avangart trombon tekniklerinin kullanımı ve icrası üzerine bir analiz
Authors: Tandoğdu Kılıç Sevgünur
Published: September 2022

20. yüzyıl, müzik anlayışının değiştiği, geliştiği aynı zamanda da farklı arayışlara gidildiği bir dönemdir. Klasik müzik, caz ve blues gibi birçok müzik türünde, enstrümanlar üzerinde farklı teknik denemeler ve çalışmalar yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Küreselleşme ve teknolojinin de gelişimi ile birlikte değişen ve gelişen müzik anlayışı ile birlikte birçok yeni çalışma ortaya çıkmış, besteciler eserlerinde fark yaratmak için popüler tekniklerin yanı sıra farklı ve sıra dışı yöntemler geliştirmiş, bunları deneme amaçlı eserlerinde kullanmışlardır. Müzik tarihinde klasik enstrümanların birçoğu için repertuvar yüzyıllara yayılarak, hemen her müzik döneminde yazılmış eserlere rastlanabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, trombonun orkestraya diğer enstrümanlardan sonra eklenmiş olması ve yakın zamana kadar solo enstrüman olarak görülmemiş olması 20. yüzyıl öncesindeki müzik dönemlerinde kısıtlı bir trombon repertuvarı oluşmasına neden olmuştur. 20. yüzyıla kadar trombon repertuvarı az sayıda solo esere sahipken, 20. yüzyıldan itibaren solo enstrüman olarak kullanımının artmasıyla birlikte besteciler tarafından bu enstrümana çok sayıda eser yazılmıştır. 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında ise, trombon repertuvarında ve trombon tekniğinde aşağıdaki bölümlerde açıklanacağı üzere bir yön değişikliği yaşanmıştır. Teknolojinin gelişimi ile birlikte trombonun çalış limitlerini zorlayan besteciler artmış ve bu nedenle trombon üzerinde uygulanabilecek yeni teknikler ortaya çıkmıştır. Makalede 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında yazılmış eserler üzerinden “trombon ve ses”, “multifonik ve mikroton”, “trombon ve elektronik” başlıkları altında bir inceleme sunulacaktır. Ayrıca trombon sanat dalında kariyer arayan icracı ve eğitimcilerin modern solo trombon çalışmaları hakkında derinlemesine bilgi sahibi olmalarının avantajları değerlendirilerek yenilikçi eserlerin literatüre, eğitime ve müzikal kültüre olan katkıları incelenecektir.
A Sylvester-Kac matrix type and the Laplacian controllability of half graphs
Authors: Andelic Milica , M. da Fonseca Carlos , Kilic Emrah , Stanic Zoran
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we provide a new family of tridiagonal matrices whose eigenvalues are perfect squares. This result motivates the computation of the spectrum of a particular antibidiagonal matrix. As an application, we consider the Laplacian controllability of a particular subclass of chain graphs known as half graphs.
Recent Developments on Fuzzy AHP&ANP Under Vague and Imprecise Data
Authors: Kahraman Cengiz , Cebi Selcuk , Onar Sezi Çevik , Öztayşi Başar
Published: September 2022

When a decision maker is not sure in assigning a value for a pairwise comparison, he/she should assign a fuzzy value such as ‘between 3 and 4’ or ‘around 5’. These expressions can be represented by fuzzy numbers, which make the use of fuzzy AHP methods possible. Each new fuzzy set extension has caused new fuzzy AHP method to be developed by researchers. INFUS conferences is a scientific arena that the researchers can present their new fuzzy AHP extensions and benefit the discussions during the sessions. This paper summarizes the latest fuzzy AHP/ANP extensions developed in the recent years at INFUS conferences.
Metasurface Superstrate-based MIMO Patch Antennas with Reduced Mutual Coupling for 5G Communications
Authors: Dubazane Sthembile P. , Kumar Pradeep , Afullo Thomas J. O.
Published: September 2022

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have several advantages, such as providing high capacity, spatial diversity, etc. MIMO antennas suffer with high mutual coupling (m-coupling) between the ports. In this paper, the metasurface with negative permeability (MNG) is designed and utilized for m-coupling reduction of a two-port rectangular microstrip MIMO antenna (Antenna 1). Two metasurface superstrate-based MIMO antennas with reduced m-coupling for fifth generation (5G) are proposed. The first design (Antenna 2) is constructed using a single metasurface superstrate suspended above the two-port MIMO microstrip antenna. The second design (Antenna 3) is constructed using a double metasurface superstrate layers suspended above the two-port MIMO microstrip antenna. Both metasurface-based MIMO antennas achieve significant m-coupling reduction over the entire bandwidth. The edge-to-edge separation between the two patches is 0.29λ0. The proposed Antenna 3 obtains the reduced m-coupling of −44 dB along with the wide bandwidth of 5.92−6.2 GHz and a maximum gain of 6.79 dB. The proposed antennas are suitable for extended sub-6 GHz 5G applications with the operating frequency band of 5.9–6.1 GHz.
Modeling the Insertion Loss of Structured Ethernet Cabling Standard using the Scattering Parameters
Authors: Ogundapo Olusegun , Nche Charles
Published: September 2022

A method of simulating the insertion loss of different channel configurations of structured Ethernet cabling with reference to standard specifications is presented. The method can aid cable engineers in the study of the performance of Ethernet cabling systems during standardization in order to have a view of what to expect in real life. The paper considered the standard category 8 cabling system as a case study. The method presented used the scattering parameters implemented in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) to model the insertion loss of standard category 8 cabling system. The insertion loss simulation results provided good agreements with the standard category 8 cabling system. The method presented will serve as a basis to cable engineers who want to study future structured cabling systems under standardization to aid the design of prototype Ethernet cables.
Substrate Integrated Waveguide Antenna at Millimeter Wave for 5G Application
Authors: Hussein Yaqdhan Mahmood , Rahim Mohamad Kamal A. , Murad Noor Asniza , Hanoosh Hatem Oday , Nadzir Norsaidah Binti Muhamad
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a dual-band slot antenna using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology at 26 and 28 GHz. High loss is one of the main challenges faced by 5G base station network due to the severe path loss at high frequency. Hence, high gain antennas are required for 5G base station applications to overcome path loss issue. Hence, this work designs a high gain SIW antenna based on slot technology to excite dual-bands with high gain capability. The antenna is designed with two slots shaped to resonate at two different frequencies: 26 and 28 GHz. The antenna is analyzed using CST software and fabricated on Roger RT5880 substrate with permittivity of 2.2 and lost tangent of 0.0009 with thickness of 0.508 mm. The design operates at 26 and 28 GHz with measured reflection coefficients less than -10 dB. Measured high gains of 8 and 8.02 dB are obtained at 26 and 28 GHz, respectively. Overall, the antenna showed good performance that would benefit the fifth-generation applications.
Research on EMI of Traction Network Transient Current Pulse on Shielded Cable Terminal Load
Authors: Xiao Yingchun , Zhu Feng , Zhuang Shengxian , Yang Yang
Published: September 2022

The transient current pulse (TCP) caused by the traction network short-circuit fault (TNSF) will produce a high-strength transient electromagnetic field (TEMF). The electromagnetic field will interfere with nearby weak current equipment through the shielded cable. In this paper, a transient circuit model (TCM) for the short-circuit traction network is proposed to calculate the transient current. The short circuit is equivalent to a ring, and the TEMF transient electromagnetic field is calculated based on the magnetic dipole. The current response of the TEMF transient electromagnetic field on the shielded cable is deduced based on the transmission line theory and verified by experiments. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) of a TEMF transient electromagnetic field to the shielded cable terminal load were was studied under various incidence angles, azimuth angles, and polarization angles. The results demonstrate that the greater the incident angle and azimuth angle, the greater the EMI on the terminal load. The horizontal distance between the shielded cable head and the short-circuit point should be greater than 6 m, and the incident angle should be greater than 45∘. This method can provide a theoretical basis for the electromagnetic compatibility research of traction power supply systems and their nearby weak current equipment.
Filling in the middle: the ‘workless’ frame in action in UK welfare reform
Authors: Richards-Gray Laura
Published: September 2022

The gender-blind ‘workless’ frame has been increasingly prominent in UK welfare discourse in recent decades and has played a significant role in the political justification of Universal Credit – a key plank of UK welfare reform since 2013. Meanwhile, Universal Credit has been highlighted as problematic for gender equality. This article seeks to ‘fill in the middle’ between the use of the ‘workless’ frame in recent welfare discourse, including at the agenda-setting stage of Universal Credit, and the gendered implications of Universal Credit. It does this by analysing how the frame functions in government evaluation frameworks and impact assessments (including equality impact assessments), and in the implementation of Universal Credit (drawing on secondary analysis of interviews with claimants and focus groups with welfare practitioners). The analysis suggests that the ‘workless’ frame is promoting gender rowback by de-gendering welfare, devaluing care – particularly that performed by lone parents – and undermining the sharing of care in couple households.
Measuring untapped revenue potential in developing countries: cross-country frontier and panel data analysis
Authors: Bogetić Željko , Naeher Dominik , Narayanan Raghavan
Published: September 2022

Efforts supporting domestic revenue mobilisation in developing countries are often designed and evaluated based on empirical indicators, such as ratios of revenue to gross domestic product, which capture differences in achieved outcomes across countries. This article studies a complementary approach that also takes into account differences in countries’ fundamental economic structures associated with different capacities to raise revenue, which are not captured by simple ratios of revenue to gross domestic product. Non-parametric data envelopment analysis is applied to estimate domestic revenue potential in a panel of 118 low- and middle-income countries from 2008 to 2019. This approach provides a data-driven measure of how efficient each country is in raising domestic revenue given its national economic conditions. The results indicate that countries’ relative efficiencies do not exhibit the same strongly positive correlation with income levels as typically observed for ratios of revenue to gross domestic product. Instead, countries with low efficiency are spread across all income groups and geographical regions. This suggests that looking solely at ratios of revenue to gross domestic product might be misleading for drawing policy and normative conclusions about how much more revenue a country should aim to raise. Finally, panel regression analysis is used to investigate the extent to which international support is targeted at countries with larger untapped revenue potential.
Effectiveness and Safety of Acupuncture to Treat Sleep Difficulties in Women on Hormone Replacement Therapy for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mazzotti Eva , Jacoangeli Fabrizio , Sebastiani Claudia , Scoppola Alessandro , Cerutti Massimo , Castellucci Patrizia , Menichelli Franco , Marchetti Paolo
Published: September 2022

Sleep difficulties are commonly reported by cancer patients as consequences of cancer or its treatments. Aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture to treat sleep difficulties in breast cancer women on hormone replacement therapy. Methods: 58 breast cancer women were randomized to once weekly acupuncture session for 8 weeks (acupuncture group) or to a standard care session once a week, for 8 weeks (control group). The primary endpoint was change in sleep difficulties and insomnia, as measured by the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), administered at baseline and 8 weeks later. Results: Random assignment produced equivalent groups regarding demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. After 8 weeks, the changes in sleep quality and quantity were significantly different in the two groups. In the acupuncture group 43.33% go into complete remission (absence of insomnia), but none in the control group, and the mean ISI score decreased from 15.87 (standard deviation, SD= 3.95) to 9.80 (SD= 6.22), in the acupuncture group versus 17.46 to 15.39. No patient reported any problems or discomfort associated with acupuncture. Conclusion: A weekly session of acupuncture may have beneficial effects on quality and quantity of sleep among breast cancer women on hormone replacement therapy, after 8 weeks. The results could have important implications for Public Health to prioritize promotion of healthy sleep and acupuncture may be considered as alternative intervention in healthcare setting to ameliorate cancer patients’ sleep and quality of life.
Dwindling Resources and Funding: Superintendents' Leadership and School Board Members’ Decision-Making and Students’ Well-being and Academic Outcomes Remain a Challenge
Authors: Hilliard Ann Toler , Foose Renee A. , Jackson Charles H. Talbert
Published: September 2022

Superintendents have many challenges in performing the job in most school districts. A high percentage of superintendents see the most challenging tasks are to improve the performance of diverse underprepared students, how to help students who come to school from high poverty areas who need so much help and recruiting and maintaining quality teachers to work in schools. Other challenges for superintendents are strengthening academic rigor, budget shortfalls, recruiting and retaining principals/teachers, and rising demands for assessment from the state and federal levels. Superintendents are concerned about students being safe in schools, being successful in careers and education in post- secondary settings in a rapidly changing economy and a highly technologically driven society (Noonoo, 2018).
A Plethora of Roles Played by Teacher Unions in Fostering Improved Learning Environment in Schools in Zambia
Authors: Sinkala Henry , Simui Francis , Muleya Gistered
Published: September 2022

The study explores a myriad of roles played by Teacher Unions in fostering improved  learning environment in selected schools of Lusaka, district, Zambia.  A case study design was employed on a target population that comprised 28 participants from primary and secondary schools and teacher unions. Expert Purposive sampling technique was applied to sample participants from teacher union officials in Lusaka District. Data generated through interviews; Focus Group Discussion; and Document Review were thematically analyzed. Emergent from this study is a plethora of roles played by teachers’ unions such as participation in education policy making process, defending teacher members, presiding over disputes between member and the employer and improving peaceful learning environment in schools among others. In addition, Unions were actively engaged in fighting for professional recognition for teachers as well as fairness in promotion. Unions were involved in advocacy in relation to education reforms and teachers’ professional output as well as learner achievement in examinations. Thus, it is recommended among others that, Teacher Unions should enhance their knowledge and skills set to effectively deliver on various divergent mandate areas on behalf of their membership.
Efficient and Effective Management of Organizations Require Appropriate Ethical Relations Between Stockholders and Stakeholders. What Should be Their Morality (Ethics) on the Organization and the Relationship with Employees?
Authors: Kwadade-Cudjoe Francis
Published: September 2022

Peaceful co-existence of stockholders and stakeholders, comprising customers, consumers, employees, managers, suppliers/vendors, shareholders, etc. has always been problematic for organizations to thrive. Stockholders and owners of entities normally invest a lot of money into business with the sole aim of recouping their funds, and with interest. However, managers and employees also accept to work in organizations with the aim of earning good emolument to be able to live and survive. For the organization to be able to achieve competitive advantage, there should be understanding by employees to work hard and co-operate with stockholders by observing the laid down rules, and the owners equally providing good working conditions. This would enable managers and employees to give their best for the success and sustenance of the organization. Unfortunately, the globe is experiencing hard times due to the upsurge of Covid-19 which affected development and destroyed lot of lives, and currently the Russia and Ukraine war, which has also exacerbated the situation and escalated prices of goods. Both stockholders and stakeholders have the moral rights to co-exist peacefully for the success of organizations, which would benefit all parties.
Privatization of State-Owned Enterprises Has Been Endorsed Globally Since 1990, but There are Still Many Companies in Government Hands. What Should be the Appropriate Corporate Governance Strategies for Managing These Companies and Those in Private Hands?
Authors: Kwadade-Cudjoe Francis
Published: September 2022

The introduction of ‘information technology’ in the late 1950s brought in its wake increase in workflow efficiency which led to better performance of businesses to achieve organizational goals. Privatization of State-Own-Enterprises (SOEs) was championed by the formation of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in the early 1960s to enable governments concentrate on their core mandate of managing their economies well. This has helped the OECD nations to perform better. However, there are still many companies in government hands, as these regimes still run, control and have oversight management of SOEs. The OECD, therefore, developed the Guidelines on Corporate Governance for SOEs to favour both the SOEs and privatized companies of nations in such a way that organizations would give better account of their stewardship to their citizenry. The guidelines introduced by the OECD are also to enhance the achievement of competitive advantage by organizations in the global economy of intense competition, especially during this technological age of business. For efficient management of all businesses, the OECD has also produced guidelines/principles for non-listed companies.
Document Image Forgery Detection Using RGB Color Channel
Authors: Gornale Shivanand S. , Patil Gayatri , Benne Rajkumar
Published: September 2022

Using advanced digital technologies and photo editing software, document images, such as typed and handwritten documents, can be manipulated in a variety of ways. The most common method of document forgery is adding or removing information. As a result of the changes made to document images, there is misinformation and misbelief in document images. Forgery detection with multiple forgery operations is challenging issue. As a result, special consideration is given in this work to the ten-class problem, in which a text can be altered using multiple forgery types. The characteristics are computed using RGB color components and GLCM texture descriptors. The method is effective for distinguishing between genuine and forged document images. A classification rate of 95.8% for forged handwritten documents and 93.11% for forged printed document images are obtained respectively. The obtained results are promising and competitive with state-of- art techniques reported in the literature.
The e-Autopsy/e-Biopsy: a systematic chart review to increase safety and diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Kanter Michael H. , Ghobadi Ali , Lurvey Lawrence D. , Liang Sophia , Litman Kerry
Published: September 2022

Solving diagnostic errors is difficult and progress on preventing those errors has been slow since the 2015 National Academy of Medicine report. There are several methods used to improve diagnostic and other errors including voluntary reporting; malpractice claims; patient complaints; physician surveys, random quality reviews and audits, and peer review data which usually evaluates single cases and not the systems that allowed the error. Additionally, manual review of charts is often labor intensive and reviewer dependent. In 2010 we developed an e-Autopsy/e-Biopsy (eA/eB) methodology to aggregate cases with quality/safety/diagnostic issues, focusing on a specific population of patients and conditions. By performing a hybrid review process (cases are first filtered using administrative data followed by standardized manual chart reviews) we can efficiently identify patterns of medical and diagnostic error leading to opportunities for system improvements that have improved care for future patients. We present a detailed methodology for eA/eB studies and describe results from three successful studies on different diagnoses (ectopic pregnancy, abdominal aortic aneurysms, and advanced colon cancer) that illustrate our eA/eB process and how it reveals insights into creating systems that reduce diagnostic and other errors. The eA/eB process is innovative and transferable to other healthcare organizations and settings to identify trends in diagnostic error and other quality issues resulting in improved systems of care.
The Relationship between Cognitive and Contextual Factors: A Self-Regulatory Mechanism Underlying Persistence in Nascent Entrepreneurs
Authors: Mohand-Amar Sufia , Ruiz-Arroyo Matilde , Fuentes-Fuentes María del Mar
Published: September 2022

In this study, we present a new approach to understanding the persistence of nascent entrepreneurs, by examining the role played by context and cognition through the mediation of a self-regulatory mechanism. Drawing on a sample of 316 nascent entrepreneurs from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED II), we first consider whether entrepreneurial self-efficacy and goal commitment predict persistence in nascent entrepreneurs. We then evaluate the role of perceived institutional support, both formal and informal. Finally, we examine the relationships between cognitive and contextual variables and their impact on entrepreneurial persistence. Our results show that goal commitment has a direct effect on entrepreneurial persistence, while self-efficacy acts indirectly through goal commitment, from which we infer the existence of a self-regulatory mechanism impacting on persistence in nascent entrepreneurs. Among the contextual factors, only informal institutional support presents a direct relationship to persistence, while perceived formal support exerts an indirect influence through cognitive self-regulation. From a practical standpoint, our findings may be useful for institutions that design policies and programmes to foster sustained economic growth through the promotion of entrepreneurship.
New roles for GAPDH, Hsp90, and NO in regulating heme allocation and hemeprotein function in mammals
Authors: Stuehr Dennis J. , Dai Yue , Biswas Pranjal , Sweeny Elizabeth A. , Ghosh Arnab
Published: September 2022

The intracellular trafficking of mitochondrial heme presents a fundamental challenge to animal cells. This article provides some background on heme allocation, discusses some of the concepts, and then reviews research done over the last decade, much in the author’s laboratory, that is uncovering unexpected and important roles for glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), and nitric oxide (NO) in enabling and regulating the allocation of mitochondrial heme to hemeproteins that mature and function outside of the mitochondria. A model for how hemeprotein functions can be regulated in cells through the coordinate participation of GAPDH, hsp90, and NO in allocating cellular heme is presented.
A Markov process approach to untangling intention versus execution in tennis
Authors: Chan Timothy C. Y. , Fearing Douglas S. , Fernandes Craig , Kovalchik Stephanie
Published: September 2022

Value functions are used in sports to determine the optimal action players should employ. However, most literature implicitly assumes that players can perform the prescribed action with known and fixed probability of success. The effect of varying this probability or, equivalently, “execution error” in implementing an action (e.g., hitting a tennis ball to a specific location on the court) on the design of optimal strategies, has received limited attention. In this paper, we develop a novel modeling framework based on Markov reward processes and Markov decision processes to investigate how execution error impacts a player’s value function and strategy in tennis. We power our models with hundreds of millions of simulated tennis shots with 3D ball and 2D player tracking data. We find that optimal shot selection strategies in tennis become more conservative as execution error grows, and that having perfect execution with the empirical shot selection strategy is roughly equivalent to choosing one or two optimal shots with average execution error. We find that execution error on backhand shots is more costly than on forehand shots, and that optimal shot selection on a serve return is more valuable than on any other shot, over all values of execution error.
Crystal structure of (E)-N-(4-morpholinophenyl)-1-(quinolin-2-yl)methanimine, C20H19N3O
Authors: Jin Kun-Sheng , Wu Wei-Na
Published: September 2022

C20H19N3O, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.8776(10) Å, b = 7.6503(13) Å, c = 36.447(6) Å, V = 1638.8(5) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0374, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0950, T = 296 K.
Peritoneal regression grading score (PRGS) in peritoneal metastasis: how many biopsies should be examined?
Authors: Solass Wiebke , Meisner Christoph , Kurtz Florian , Nadiradze Giorgi , Reymond Marc A. , Bösmüller Hans
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The four-tied peritoneal regression grading score (PRGS) is increasingly used to evaluate the response of peritoneal metastases (PM) to chemotherapy. The minimal number of peritoneal biopsies needed for PRGS determination remains unclear.

Methods

A prospective cohort of 89 PM patients treated with 210 pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) cycles was investigated. Four biopsies from every abdominal quadrant were recommended. Histological tumor response was defined as a stable or decreasing mean PRGS between therapy cycles, progression increasing. We compared the diagnostic uncertainty induced by missing biopsies to the histological response.

Results

A total of 49 patients had at least two PIPAC and were eligible for therapy response assessment. Mean PRGS decreased from 2.04 (CI 5–95% 1.85–2.27) to 1.79 (CI 5–95% 1.59–2.01), p=0.14, as a proof of therapy effectiveness. 35 (71.4%) patients had a stable or decreasing PRGS (therapy response), 14 (28.6%) a PRGS increase (disease progression). Histology showed agreement between four biopsies in 42/210 laparoscopies (20%), between ≥3 biopsies in 103 (49%), and between ≥2 biopsies in 169 laparoscopies (81%). Mean loss of information with one missing biopsy was 0.11 (95% CI=0.13) PRGS points, with two missing biopsies 0.18 (95% CI 0.21). In 9/49 patients (18.3%), the loss of information with one less biopsy exceeded the change in PRGS under therapy.

Conclusions

A minimum of three biopsies is needed to diagnose PM progression with an accuracy superior to 80%. Missing biopsies often result in a false diagnosis of tumor progression.
Evaluation of the crystal structures of metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complexes
Authors: Öztürkkan Füreya Elif , Necefoğlu Hacali
Published: September 2022

When the structures of the complexes of the same primary ligand with different metals and different co-ligands are evaluated in detail, it is thought that it will be easier to reach the target molecules by determining the factors affecting the structure. The study of the structures of metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoates with various N-donor ligands is aimed to contribute to future research. In this study, the crystal structures of transition metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoates with N-donor ligand complexes such as 2,2′-bipyridine, 1,10′-phenanthroline, nicotinamide, isonicotinamide, 4-pyridylmethanol, and 2-aminopyridine were investigated. According to the literature review, it was determined that Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) 2-fluorobenzoates with N-donor ligand exhibit monomeric, dimeric, ionic, and polymeric structures. Although the fluorobenzoate anion has the most electronegative element (fluorine) at the 2-position in the benzene ring, only a few of its complexes have O–H⋯F, N–H⋯F, and C–H⋯F hydrogen bonds. A Pb(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complex without an N- donor ligand is the only complex in which the fluorobenzoate anion coordinates to the metal via the fluorine atom. The structures of the 19 complexes studied included 11 monomers, 5 dimers, 2 ionic, and 1 coordination polymer. In addition, 8 of these complexes are copper(II), 5 of them are Pb(II), 2 of them are Cd(II) and Zn(II), and one of them is Co(II) and Ni(II) metal centered. Many transition metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complexes can still be contributed to the literature, according to the findings of this study. Furthermore, because metal carboxylate complexes have various physical and biological potential applications today, their importance in materials science should be emphasized.
Study on the stress field concentration at the tip of elliptical cracks
Authors: Yang Yan-Shuang , Cheng Si-Pei , Zhang Zhan-Rong , Yin Meng-Yu , Hou Jia-Wen
Published: September 2022

The holes and defects in rock materials have a great impact on the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of rock, cracks often appear in the form of flat ellipses in natural rock mass, and the current research is still insufficient. For this purpose, based on the Particle Flow Code (PFC) of discrete element particle flow program, the numerical prefabricated fractured rock samples with the ratios of the long and short axes of the elliptical fractures being 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, and 15 were simulated in order to obtain the strength and failure characteristics, stress concentration characteristics at tips of numerical rock samples in uniaxial compression test. The results of the numerical test simulation show that: (1) When the rock models with prefabricated elliptical crack were damaged, the initial cracks occurred at the end of the short axis of the elliptical crack, and penetrated up and down from the surface of the elliptical crack, the wing cracks occurred at both ends of the long axis, gradually formed a macro-crack, and the secondary cracks extended near the wing crack. (2) With the increase of the ratios a:b of long and short axes of the elliptical fracture, the strength and elastic modulus of the numerical rock samples gradually decreased, Poisson’s ratio gradually increased, and the total number of micro-cracks in the rock models decreased. (3) The numerical solutions of stress concentration factor k obtained by numerical simulations at the tip of the elliptical crack increased with the increase in the ratio of a:b; it was highly consistent with the variation law of the analytical solution of the stress concentration factor calculated by the theory of flat ellipse. The stress concentration is an important reason for failure of rock with elliptical cracks. Study on the crack tip will be very useful and significant.
Mapping emotions on the body
Authors: Nummenmaa Lauri
Published: September 2022

Emotions are allostatic processes that transform the relationship between the environment and the desired bodily states into behaviour supporting homeostasis and well-being. Central emotion circuits are thus tightly coupled with the visceral signaling pathways and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Although ANS activity patterns are not always emotion-specific, self-reported bodily sensations and pattern recognition analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data suggest discrete bodily and neural basis of emotions. The advent of total-body positron emission tomography (PET) systems allows simultaneous measurement of the central and peripheral axis of the emotional response. This provides a unique opportunity for quantifying the systems-level biology of the human emotion circuits.
Aterosclerosis en ave cacatúa ninfa (Nymphicus hollandicus): Reporte de un caso en Costa Rica
Authors: Valverde Rodríguez Beatriz , Chaves Hernandez Aida
Published: September 2022

A ten-year old female cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) that suddenly died during the veterinary examination was analyzed through histopathology in the laboratory of the Avian Pathology Diagnostic Unit, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional. Macroscopic lesions showed thickening of the ascending aorta and of the aortic bifurcation, multiple nodules and tortuous vessels. Atherosclerotic lesions with variable severity were also observed. The present case report provides a description and characterization of the histopathological lesions of arteriosclerosis. The available diagnostic methods, preventive measures, and possible treatments against this avian pathology in Costa Rica are mentioned.
Extraction, purification, food applications, and recent advances for enhancing the bioavailability of 6-gingerol from ginger – A review
Authors: Dilukshi Vichakshana Ginithillawala Arachchilage , Young David James , Choo Wee Sim
Published: September 2022

6-Gingerol is the major pharmacologically active component of ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome widely used in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Various extraction and purification methods have been developed to obtain highly purified 6-gingerol. 6-Gingerol can be extracted using conventional and nonconventional extraction techniques. Hydroalcoholic solutions and liquid CO2 are the most suitable solvents for the extraction of 6-gingerol, while microwave-assisted extraction is the best extraction method. High-speed counter-current chromatography is the purification technique resulting in the highest purity of 6-gingerol. Despite the various biological properties of 6-gingerol, the low bioavailability of 6-gingerol is the main challenge that limits its application. Novel encapsulation and solubilization techniques, including nano-emulsion, complexation, micelles, and solid dispersion methods, have been introduced to enhance the bioavailability of 6-gingerol, overcoming its limitations. 6-Gingerol showed potential applications as a natural antioxidant, preservative, and flavor enhancer as well as demonstrated a synergistic effect with different ingredients for maintaining the quality and shelf-life of the food products. The current work provides a comprehensive review of the prevailing techniques applied for extraction and purification of 6-gingerol from the rhizome of ginger, current research on the application of 6-gingerol in the food industry, and novel advances for increasing its bioavailability.
4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğretim Programının Duyuşsal Öğrenme Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YÜKSEL Zeynep
Published: September 2022

Öğrenmenin salt bilişsel yönü, bilginin eyleme dönüşmesi bilginin kişiselleşmesi ve öğrenciler tarafından benimsenmesi hususunda yeteri kadar etkili olmayabilmektedir. Öğrenilen bilgilerin bireyselleştirilmesi ve yaşama aktarılması bilişsel öğrenmelerle birlikte duyuşsal öğrenmeleri de gerektirmektedir. Duyuşsal öğrenmeler, eğitimde olduğu gibi din eğitimi açısından da önem ifade etmektedir. Birey yaşamında pek çok kazanım açısından kritik dönem olarak ifade edilen okul öncesi dönem eğitiminde duyuşsal öğrenmelere yer verilmesi, bu dönem eğitiminin öğrenci kazanımlarına etkisi açısından dikkate alınması gereken bir durumdur. Araştırmada okul öncesi dönem din eğitimi hizmeti veren Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı 4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğretim Programında duyuşsal eğitimin yerinin ne olduğu ve duyuşsal hedeflere ne düzeyde yer verildiği sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Araştırma soruları doğrultusunda 4-6 yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğretim Programında yer alan kazanımlar duyuşsal açıdan değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma gerçekleştirilirken 4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğretim Programı içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. 4-6 yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğretim Programının içerik analiziyle incelenmesi sonucunda genel olarak öğrencilerin bilişsel ve psiko-motor gelişiminin yanı sıra duyuşsal, ahlaki ve dini gelişimlerinin de desteklenmesine yönelik amaçlarının olduğu görülmüştür. 4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğretim Programının genel hedeflerinde duyuşsal öğelere yer verilmesinin yanı sıra ünite kazanımlarında daha çok (% 81) bilişsel kazanımların ifade edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ünite kazanımlarında duyuşsal hedeflere %19 oranında yer verilmiştir. Bilişsel hedeflerin çoğunlukta olmasının yanı sıra etkinliklerin bazılarının duyuşsal kazanımlara yönelik olduğu görülmüştür. Bu öğretim etkinliklerinin planlanmasında ve yürütülmesinde duyuşsal boyuta yeterince olarak yer verilmediği şeklinde değerlendirilebilir. Ayrıca Kur’an-ı Kerim’e ait öğrenme alanı kazanımlarının tümüyle bilişsel açıdan ele alınmıştır. Okul öncesi dönem gelişim özellikleri göz önüne alındığında öğrencilerin yeni bir alfabeyi öğrenme ve ana dillerinden farklı bir dildeki metni okuma becerileri kazanmalarından çok Kur’an-ı Kerim’i okumaya karşı olumlu tutum geliştirmeleri, onu okumayı sevmeleri ve okumaya istekli olmalarının öncelikli olarak düşünülmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu da öğretim programını yeniden ele alınmasını gerektirecek bir durum olarak değerlendirilebilir. Programın temel kazanımlarında olan temel dini ve ahlaki değerlere vurgu yapan duyuşsal öğeler, öğreticinin de farkındalığı ve etkinliklerin duyuşsal öğelere vurgu yapılarak işlenmesiyle öğrencilerin din konusunda olumlu tutum geliştirmelerine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae) of the Brazilian Flora: Nomenclatural Survey Reveals Twenty-Five New Synonyms and Widely Applied Illegitimate Names
Authors: Andrino Caroline Oliveira , Costa Fabiane Nepomuceno , Hensold Nancy , Ramos Renato , Sano Paulo Takeo
Published: September 2022

Abstract— Paepalanthus is the second largest genus of Eriocaulaceae, with about one-third of the species recorded for the family, but it has not received a recent comprehensive taxonomic treatment. Detailed taxonomic studies show that many names currently in
use are actually synonyms. In addition, it was necessary to lectotypify some names. Twenty-five synonyms, associated with 15 species and 10 varieties, and 18 lectotypifications in Paepalanthus are here presented, yielding a revised total of 395 species in the genus, 327 of which occur
in Brazil. For each taxon treated here we provide taxonomic status, typification, synonymy, nomenclatural notes, comments, and distribution data.
Taxonomic Revision of Lycianthes (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) in Brazil
Authors: Costa-Silva Rafael , Agra Maria de Fátima
Published: September 2022

Abstract— Lycianthes, comprising approximately 200 species, is one of the largest genera of the Solanaceae family. The taxonomy of the genus is considered difficult, and for more than a century its species were included in Solanum. Despite its relative
diversity, Lycianthes has only a small number of diagnostic characters and has accumulated nomenclatural and systematic problems throughout its history, reflecting its great similarity with Solanum. Information concerning the genus in Brazil is still scarce, and the present work
was designed to provide a taxonomic treatment and revisionary study of the Brazilian members of Lycianthes. The circumscriptions of the species presented here are based on evaluations of more than 700 specimens from both Brazilian and foreign herbaria and the examination of types and
images from virtual herbaria. Lycianthes is represented in Brazil by 12 species belonging to Lycianthes subgenus Polymeris, with three subordinate sections (Lycianthes sects. Asaropsis, Simplicipila, and Eupolymeris). We provide keys to separate
the three sections and the 12 Brazilian species of Lycianthes and include synonymy, typification, updated descriptions, distributions, and illustrations of all treated species.
Assessing Morphological Species and Interspecific Relationships in North American Grapeferns (Sceptridium; Ophioglossaceae) Using ISSR Markers
Authors: Cao Daniel , Hauk Warren D.
Published: September 2022

Abstract— Relationships among North American Sceptridium (sensu Škoda) species are often difficult to assess because of few stable distinguishing characters and high intraspecific variability. We used ISSR-PCR to examine relationships among four samples
of Holubiella, 24 samples representing four diploid North American Sceptridium species, and a Russian Sceptridium sample. Nine ISSR primers yielded 147 polymorphic loci. We generated three neighbor-joining dendrograms using a Jaccard, Nei & Li, or Dice coefficient.
All three coefficients cluster based solely on the presence of bands and not the absence. ISSR data analyses across all three coefficients were consistent with published analyses of DNA sequence data in supporting Holubiella as sister to all Sceptridium species sampled. Sister
group relationships among the four Sceptridium species were not consistent across all three neighbor-joining analyses, and bootstrap support was generally low. However, 26 of the 29 samples consistently clustered with other samples of similar morphology, and these clusters generally
supported current species concepts. In taxa such as Sceptridium, with low DNA sequence variability among species, ISSR-PCR may provide an important tool for evaluating morphologically defined species, but additional data are necessary for establishing robust hypotheses of phylogenetic
relationships.