bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors That Effect The Nosokomial Phlebitis Infections in Hospital Bhayangkara TK II. H.S. Samsoeri Mertojoso Surabaya
Authors: Fitriyanti Sepvi
Published: April 2018

Nosokomial phlebitis infections, the cause of it about 60% of patients treated receiving invasive procedures, and the incidence of phlebitis nearly 4%. This research aims to learn the factors that effect the nosokomial phlebitis infections, in recognition of these factors is expected to be the input for Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital in Surabaya. To reduce the incidence of nosokomial phlebitis infections in order to improve the better quality of care in hospital. This researce use cross-sectional method, this research take sample consisted of 68 respondents, and 22 respondents exposed with pblebitis, while 46 respondents are not exposed with phlebitis. In this research, the factors observed were internal factors, such aa: age, gender and disease. And the external factors, such as the size of the needle, the type of fluid infusion, the location of the stabbing infusion, intravena treatment (infusion), the duration of intravena (infusion) installation and infusion installation techniques. From the analysis of the table obtained proportion of the risk of phlebitis incidence in patients based upon age (OR = 59.5), gender (OR = 2.487), disease (OR = 6.249), needle size (OR = 0.019), the type of fluid administered (OR = 18,943), the location of the stabbing infusion (OR = 2.4), infusion treatment (OR = 6.818), duration of infusion installation (OR = 14.286) and infusion installation techniques (OR = 4.048). The conclusion of this research is that the type of fluid variables have a greater effect on the incidence of phlebitis at Bhayangkara hospital in Surabaya. dan based on these results, it is suggested attention of the hospital officers, especially standard procedures of infusion installation againts factors that influence the phlebitis. and the need for surveillance and nosokomial teams of infection control in hospital.Keywords: nosokomial infections, phlebitis infection
The lack of counselling and passively case detection affecting the occurrance of grade 2 disability in Sampang
Authors: Kamal Muhammad , Martini Santi
Published: April 2018

Leprosy is a chronic disease that affects the skin, peripheral nerves, even the other of body organs. This disease can also causing permanent disability that can affect to quality of life of sufferers. Sampang as the region with the highest average of PR in 2010-2014, it has leprosy grade 2 disability proportion which is 13%, in the other words that it is higher than the specified standard that is 5% or less. This study aimed to analyze the health service factors that affecting the occurrence of leprosy grade 2 disability. This study was an observational-analytic by using case control design. This study conducted in 8 administrative territory of community health center in Sampang. Sample were 33 type MB leprosy patients with grade 2 disability (case group) and 33 with grade 0 or grade 1 disability (control group). Sample has been taken by using simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out simultaneously with multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the method of passive case detection (OR=7,005; 95% CI: 1,595-30,763), a very late diagnosis (OR=15,264; 95% CI: 1,469-158,594) ), lack of POD (OR=7,016; 95% CI: 1,574-31,274) and the lack of counselling (OR=8,241; 95% CI: 1,747-38,847) affecting the occurence of leprosy grade 2 disability. The conclusion that the passively case detection, a very late of diagnosis, the lack of POD and the lack of counseling affecting the occurrence of leprosy grade 2 disability at leprosy patients in Sampang. It is suggest to stakeholders to increase actively case detection, counselling.Keywords: disability, leprosy, case detection, counselling
Factors related to the active role of the volunteer in the crawl probable case of diphteriae
Authors: Alfina Riza , Isfandiari Muhammad Atoillah
Published: April 2018

Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphteriae. Children aged 2-10 years are a vulnerable group contracting. Diphteri crawl probable case is difficult, so there are still children who died from diphteri every year. Cadres holds a very important role in the field of public health services so that its presence should be maintained. Level of activity the role of cadres is very dependent on the LKMD role as a manager, and also the public community. This study aims to analyze the factors which associated with a cadres active role in detecting diphteri probable case in Sidoarjo health center. Type of this study is an observational analytic with cross sectional design. Population of this research was all cadres in Sidoarjo health center as much as 516 people. Samples are taken by simple random sampling of 103 respondents. The data was collected using a questionnaire research instruments (questionnaire). The variables of this study is the role of an active cadre to crawl probable case of diphtheria, internal factors (knowledge, attitudes of cadre), external factors (community support, support for community health centers, training of cadres). Techniques of data analysis was done by logistic regression.The results showed 75% of cadres in Sidoarjo health center is active in detecting diphteri probable case. Statistical analysis showed that the internal factors that affect the active role of cadres is the attitude of p = 0.024, external factors are affecting the support of community leaders with p = 0.022, p = 0.042 support community health centers, training of cadres p = 0.041. The advice that can be given is expected that the cooperation between the cadres, community leaders, health center personnel, in support of efforts to increase the capacity and activity of cadres in helping in the field of public health services.Keywords: diphtheria, crawl probable case, cadre, activeness, PHC in Sidoarjo
Risk Analysis of Typhoid Fever Based on Personal Hygiene and Street Food Consumption Habit at Home
Authors: Nuruzzaman Hilda , Syahrul Fariani
Published: April 2018

Typhoid fever is disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria transmission trought contaminated food and drink. Data from RSUD dr. Abdoer Rahem showing that from 2011–2013 typhoid fever case always increase and often happened to children age 5–14 years old. The objective research to analysis risk factor of typhoid fever according to snacking habit at school and at house of children age 7–12 years old. This research was observasional case control study. Data for case in this research are taken from medical record of ‘Unit Teratai’ for the past 1 year in RSUD dr. Abdoer Rahem Situbondo, whereas for control are case group. There are eighty person taken for this research as sample. This result was the risk of typhoid fever children which has habit of hand washing had after defecation at home OR 3.67 (1.29 < OR < 10.64), children which has habit of hand washing before eating had OR 4.33 (1.54 < OR < 12.44), children with short dirty fingernails had OR 7.79 (1.46 < OR < 46.18) frequent street food consumption OR 3.89 (1.39 < OR < 11.06), buy snack at food street OR 3.95 (1.40 < OR < 11.30), buy some snack with packing had OR 3.5 (1.26 < OR < 9.38). The conclusion is that habit hand washing after defecation, habit hand washing before eating, short dirty fingernail, frequent food street consumption, buy food street and buy some food with sealed packing can secrease the risk of typhoid fever for children age 7–12 yearsKeywords: typhoid fever, risk factor of typhoid fever, personal hygiene, street food consumption habit
Influence of Family Support and DM Status with Hemodialysis Patient’s Quality of Life
Authors: Bestari Anikha Widya
Published: April 2018

Handling CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) final stage is mostly done in Indonesia is hemodialysis. Hemodialysis can prevent death, but not fully restore the quality of life of patients as before. Psychosocial problems such as lack of family support sometimes be a severe problem that must be faced by the patient. While diabetes mellitus which is etiology of PGK can increase the risk of morbidity and mortality for patients. This study aimed to analyze influence of family support and DM status with hemodialysis patient’s quality of life. This study is an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. Samples of this study are 72 patients on hemodialysis Installation RSU Haji Surabaya, which is calculated using a simple random sampling from hemodialysis schedule. Data is collected using interviews and secondary data on the patient diagnosis document. The questionnaire is WHOQOL-BREF which assess quality of life and family support questionnaire in accordance with the theory of family support from House. The results showed that there is a influence between family support (p = 0.005) and diabetes status (p = 0.003) on the status of the patient's quality of life. From these two variables  known that DM status is strongest variable that influence quality of life. Therefore, interventions focused on controlling patients with DM and supportive therapy in the family. Keywords : Hemodialysis, Quality of Life, Family Support, Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection Based on Surveillance Attributes in RSU Haji Surabaya
Authors: Vebrilian Spica Redina
Published: April 2018

Surveillance system is instrumental in reducing the incidence of nosocomial infection. The implementation of this surveillance system is necessary in the hospital. Surveillance CAUTI is one of the focus prevention and infection control program in RSU Haji Surabaya 2015. The success of surveillance system highly depends on the association of attributes inside it. Surveillance attributes are indicator that describes the characteristics ofsurveillance system. In 2015, there was a delay in the collection of data reports which exceeds the prescribed time limit and there was also a lot of blank space in the confi rmation sheet. It affects the surveillance system in RSU Haji Surabaya. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the surveillance CAUTI based on the surveillance attributes in RSU Haji Surabaya2015. This research is a descriptive evaluative research. Subjects in this study are the surveillance attributes (simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, sensitivity, positive predictive value, representativeness, timeliness, data quality, and stability) CAUTI in RSU Haji Surabaya, while survey respondents are IPCN, IPCLN, and head nurse. Data collected by interview and documentation study. The results showed that the attributes of surveillance is already has simplicity, high acceptability, high sensitivity, high positive predictive value, representative, and high stability. However, other attributes were not fl exible, not timeliness, and has a low data quality. Alternative solutions that can be done are to improve the regulatory function in every unit, establish standardization of hospital data, and manage reward and punishment system.Keywords: surveillance system, surveillance attributes, evaluation, nosocomial infections, CAUTI
Reassessing Nation-Branding: Danish Public Diplomacy towards Muslim-Majority Countries after the 2005 Cartoon Crisis
Authors: Dharmaputra Radityo
Published: April 2018

This article reassesses Danish efforts of nation-branding towards Muslim-majority countries after the 2005 Prophet Cartoon Crisis. It disputes Rasmussen &Merkelsen’s (2012) findings regarding the shifting Danish policy to a more brand-conscious policy. This article differentiates reactive crisis diplomacy and a brand-informed policy and finds that Danish policy towards Muslim-majority countries was closer to the principle of reactive crisis diplomacy, rather than a conscious nation-branding. Result from this research could be used as the basis for future research on the idea that nation branding could complement the use of classic diplomacy. As the Danish case has shown, the lack of coordination between governmental and non-governmental actors and the lack of conscious effort on nation branding could negate the possibility of creating a good brand image.
Pemanfaatan Metode Etnografi dan Netnografi Dalam Penelitian Hubungan Internasional
Authors: Bakry Umar Suryadi
Published: April 2018

Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk membahas kontur metodologi yang muncul untuk mempelajari hubungan internasional yang telah mengalami perubahan mendasar setelah berakhirnya Perang Dingin. Makalah ini berfokus pada munculnya etnografi dan netnografi sebagai metode alternatif dalam penelitian hubungan internasional. Menurut penulis, etnografi dan netnografi dalam studi hubungan internasional berkembang sebagai respon terhadap berbagai analisis berorientasi teks (analisis wacana dan analisis isi) dan ketergantungan yang berlebihan pada interpretasi diskursif tentang hubungan internasional yang berkaitan dengan pendekatan bahasa. Etnografi dan netnografi adalah metode penelitian yang diadopsi dari antropologi. Kedua metode pada dasarnya menekankan pentingnya keterlibatan peneliti dengan subyek (orang-orang yang diteliti) untuk memperoleh pemahaman tentang lingkungan sosial atau budaya tertentu.
ASEAN-China Security Relations: Traditional and Non-Traditional Aspects
Authors: Wibisono Ali Abdullah
Published: April 2018

Both ASEAN and China used the concept of Non-Traditional Security (NTS) in order to pursue security diplomacy in the Asia Pacific. For ASEAN, NTS is an area of security cooperation that allows it to drive the agenda of security architectures involving extra-regional powers such as the ASEAN Defense Ministerial Meeting Plus (ADMM+) and ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). For China, NTS policy agenda allows it to gain acceptance among ASEAN member-states and an active role in the security agenda of ASEAN-led security architectures. The question that this article is pursuing is to what extent has ASEAN-China cooperation on NTS balanced between addressing the humanitarian aspect and the political objectives of security? This question is derived from the conceptual origin of NTS that stands on the importance of both the state and the individuals as the referent subjects of security. This article argues that ASEAN-China NTS cooperation emphasized more towards the strengthening of state’s capacity to deal with non-state actors’ transnational criminal activities, either for profit-seeking or subversive purposes. It is also apparent from evaluating the Memorandum of Understandings and Plans of Action between ASEAN and China that NTS cooperation is one China’s investments to engage a closer cooperation with ASEAN as well as a stronger presence in Southeast Asia’s strategic environment.
The Impact of Samsung Scandal in South Korean Corporate Culture: Is Corporate Governance Necessary?
Authors: Saadah Kholifatus
Published: April 2018

As one of the world’s poorest countries in the world 30 years ago, South Korea proved its remarkable economic development. Within three decades, South Korea’s economic development shot up and attracted international attention. The economic strength in South Korea is supported by several global corporations such as Samsung, LG, Hyundai and others. The corporations have South Korea’s “ala” power, chaebol. Chaebol itself is similar to keiretsu in Japan, which global corporations are run by families and are hereditary. As time goes by, South Korea with its corporate culture does provide many advantages for South Korea as a whole, but this condition does not last forever. Not on the decline in revenues to South Korea’s economy, but the scandal of some global corporations in South Korea, especially Samsung raises new questions, should the South Korean Corporate culture be changed in the future? This question will be answered and explained in this paper. The author will explain through the history of the Korean corporate culture that is influenced by Confucianism, Samsung’s history to become a global corporate power for South Korea as well as an analysis of corporate governance on the economic situation in South Korea.
Electrocatalytic Performance of Carbon Supported WO3-Contained Pd-W Nanoalloys for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Cui Nan , Guo Zengfeng , Li Wenpeng , Xu Xun , Zhao Hongxia , Dong Guang , Han Xin , Zhang Haoquan , Xu Shuzheng , Yu Peipei
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we first report that WOx contained nanoalloys exhibit stable electrocatalytic performance in alkaline media, though bulk WO3 are easy to be dissolved in NaOH solutions. Carbon supported oxide-rich Pd-W alloy nanoparticles (PdW/C) with different Pd:W atom ratios were prepared by reduction-oxidation method. Among the catalysts, the oxide-rich Pd0.8W0.2/C (Pd/W = 8:2, atom ratio) exhibits the highest catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data shows that ~40% of Pd atoms and ~60% of the W atoms are in their oxides form. The Pd 3d5/2 peaks in oxide-rich Pd-W nanoalloys are positive shift compared with that of Pd/C, which indicates the electronic structure of Pd is affected by the strong interaction between Pd and W/WO3. Compare to Pd/C, the onset potential of oxygen reduction reaction at the oxide-rich Pd0.8W0.2/C is positive shifted. The current density (mA·mg Pd−1) at the oxide-rich Pd0.8W0.2/C is ~1.6 times of that at Pd/C. The oxide-rich Pd0.8W0.2/C also exhibits higher catalytic stability than Pd/C, which demonstrate that it is a prospective candidate for the cathode of fuel cells operated with alkaline electrolyte.
Experimental Analysis of Heavy Metal Uptake in Soil and Citrus Plants from Irrigation Water
Authors: Zhang Ailin , Cortes Veronica , Phelps Bradley , van Ryswyk Hal , Srebotnjak Tanja
Published: April 2018

Oilfield produced water (OPW) is used to boost freshwater sources for crop irrigation in California's agriculturally important Central Valley. OPW is known to contain salts, metals, hydrocarbons, alkylphenols, naturally radioactive materials, biocides, and other compounds from drilling and production processes. Less is known about the potential uptake and accumulation of these compounds in crops and soil irrigated with OPW. In this study 23 potted mandarin orange plants were irrigated 2-3 times weekly (depending on season) with water containing three different concentrations of the known OPW heavy metals barium, chromium, lead, and silver. Seven sets of samples of soil and leaves and all fruits were collected and processed using microwave-assisted digestion (EPA Method 3051A). Processed samples were analyzed using ICP-OES. ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Tukey’s honest significant difference test were used to examine the effects of metal concentrations in the irrigation water, sample number, and number of watering days on the metal concentrations in the soil, leaf, and fruit samples. Accumulation of barium in soil and leaves was strongly positively associated with sample and number of watering days, increasing nearly 2,000-fold. Lead also showed an upward trend, increasing up to 560-fold over baseline level. Chromium showed an increase in the soil that tapered off, but less consistent results in the leaves and fruit. The silver results were more volatile, but also indicated at least some level of accumulation in the tested media. The smallest absolute accumulation was observed for chromium. Concentrations in the fruit were highest in the peel, followed by pith and juice. Accumulation of all heavy metals was generally highest in the soil and plants that received the highest irrigation water concentration. Considering the potential for adverse human health effects associated with ingesting soluble barium contained in food and drinking water, and to a lesser extent chromium and lead, the study signals that it is important to conduct further research into whether OPW contaminants can enter the food chain and pose risks to consumers.
Sumber Pendapatan dan Proporsi Pengeluaran Keluarga Petani untuk Konsumsi, Tabungan dan Investasi: Studi Kasus Petani di Kecamatan Pedan Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Djiwandi Djiwandi
Published: April 2018

Petani di Jawa pada umumnya menguasai tanah pertanian kurang dari setengah hektar, sehingga pendapatannya dari usahatani selalu kecil. Pendapatan tersebut tidak mungkin dapat digunakan untuk kebutuhan hidupnya, apalagi hidup makmur. Oleh karena itu petani dengan keluarganya berusaha mencari tambahan pendapatan dari usaha di luar sektor pertanian.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan keluarga petani dari usahatani dan dari luar sektor pertanian, serta proporsi pengeluaran keluarga petani untuk konsumsi, tabungan dan investasi. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari desa-desa Kecamatan Pedan Kabupaten Klaten.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendapatan dari usaha di luar sektor pertanian lebah besar daripada dari usahatani. Pendapatan dari usahatani tidak cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi rumah tangga petani dan harus ditambah dari pendapatan di luar sektor pertanian. Selain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan  konsumsi keluarga, pendapatannya juga ditabung untuk keperluan lain dan atau diinvestasikan dalam usahatani maupun usaha di luar sektor pertanian.
Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning of Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures
Authors: Vuillermin Carley , May Collin , Kasser James
Published: April 2018

Supracondylar humeral fractures are the most common elbow fractures in children requiring operative intervention. They are classified according to the Gartland system as nondisplaced (type I), displaced with hinging and the posterior cortex intact (type II), and completely displaced (type III). The standard treatment for type-II and III fractures is closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. The timing of surgery depends on the severity of the fracture and the presence of any neurovascular injury. Preoperative assessment of the neurologic and vascular status is imperative, and can be challenging in a young child. The steps of the surgical procedure consist of the following.

Position the patient supine with the affected extremity on a fluoroscopy detector or hand-table.

Perform closed reduction.

Apply longitudinal traction with the elbow in 30° of flexion.

Correct medial or lateral translational displacement.

Correct varus or valgus malalignment.

Maintain traction and flex the elbow, placing pressure over the olecranon process to correct extension at the fracture site.

Assess reduction using anteroposterior, oblique, and lateral fluoroscopic views.

Place divergent pins from the lateral side, using 2 pins for type-II and 3 pins for type-III fractures.

Assess stability by moving the elbow through a range of motion under live fluoroscopy in the lateral projection. If the fracture is determined to be unstable with lateral-only pins, proceed with medial pin placement through a mini-open approach.

Cut the pins and bend them outside the skin. Then apply a long-arm bivalved cast.

The pins are removed between 3 and 4 weeks postoperatively, depending on patient age, and range of motion is initiated. Elbow stiffness is common for 4 to 6 weeks, but a return to a nearly full range of motion can be expected. Resumption of normal activities should be delayed until the fracture is fully healed and the range of motion is nearly normal.
Solitary Trochleoplasty for Treatment of Recurrent Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Camathias Carlo , Speth Bernhard Maria , Rutz Erich , Schlemmer Thomas , Papp Kata , Vavken Patrick , Studer Kathrin
Published: April 2018

Background:

Solitary trochleoplasty for recurrent patellar dislocation offers a unique benefit in that it addresses the most important factor in patellar instability: the trochlear dysplasia.

Description:

The trochlea is visualized through a lateral arthrotomy of the knee joint. An osteochondral layer is peeled off with curved chisels and extended into the intercondylar notch. A triangular bone block is removed from the subchondral bone to form the new groove. A new groove is begun with a chisel and smoothed with a high-speed burr. Also, the osteochondral layer is thinned out and fixed back transosseously in the new groove with 2 Vicryl (polyglactin) bands. The bone block is used to lengthen the lateral condyle by placing it under the osteochondral layer at the proximal extension of the lateral femoral condyle with an overlap of 1 cm.

Alternatives:

Nonsurgical alternatives include a knee or patellar brace, taping of the patella, and physiotherapy for strengthening of the vastus medialis obliquus of the quadriceps muscle. Surgical alternatives include reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament; several femoral and tibial osteotomies, such as rotational osteotomies of the femur and tibia or medialization of the tibial tuberosity; and several soft-tissue interventions, such as medial reefing, relocation of the patellar tendon as described by Goldthwait
1
, and proximal realignments according to the method described by Insall et al.
2
or Green et al.
3
.

Rationale:

Most patients with recurrent patellar dislocation have a dysplastic trochlea
4
, which is considered to be the primary reason for a recurrence. While interventions such as reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament or femoral and tibial osteotomies also provide stability of the patella, they do not change the most essential factor of the instability—the trochlear dysplasia. The trochleoplasty addresses this underlying condition and reshapes the trochlea.
Co-Creation of the Curriculum: Challenging the Status Quo to Embed Partnership
Authors: Lubicz-Nawrocka Tanya
Published: April 2018

Many individuals in the higher education sector claim that co-creation of the curriculum is an innovative process of student engagement in which students and staff members become partners in curriculum development. This research analyses rare instances of co-creation of the curriculum in the Scottish higher education sector to understand individuals’ different conceptualisations of this collaborative teaching and learning practice. The researcher interviewed ten academic members of staff and ten students who participated in co-creation of the curriculum in Scotland to analyse their perspectives of the benefits as well as the challenges of this form of active student engagement. Staff and students participating in co-creation of the curriculum encounter such challenges as staff and students taking on different responsibilities, increased time and effort involved and institutional inertia as they challenge the status quo. This paper will explore how individuals have overcome these challenges to embed partnership and achieve strong benefits of co-creation of the curriculum, including shared ownership and the engagement of both students and staff in the learning community and their increased satisfaction and professional development resulting from working in partnership.
Changing a university culture to embed student learning partnerships
Authors: Weerakoon Shrinika
Published: April 2018

A common complaint from university lecturers is that students are ‘not interested’ and that it’s ‘difficult to get students engaged in learning’, portraying a passive student nature and student-blame culture. This paper draws on experiences at a university in a developing nation, Sri Lanka, where a student-led national insurrection led to thousands of student deaths, requiring universities to change teaching attitudes and the methods used to train those graduating. The article describes how a teaching-learning partnership evolved and was sustained to improve student learning and skills. Lecturer training-course comments and related student responses were analysed and lecturers were asked to use a 'script' when teaching. Initially, the script had only an 'Instructional Component', responding directly to staff complaints that students failed to follow, or followed poorly, guidance for effective learning. When that too failed, a further analysis led to the incorporation of a 'Motivational Component' to this script, which specifically clarified for students the partnership roles of teachers and students in order to bring about specified student learning benefits. This proved most effective in embedding a successful teaching-learning partnership, which engaged students and increased learning; it also changed lecturers' culture and their conceptions about student passivity.
Co creating by degrees – exploring experiences of co design
Authors: Becker Sue , Hopps Daniel , Owens Gill , Runze Jana , Morris Sarah , Bainbridge Victoria , Wylie Mark
Published: April 2018

This is a video article. To play the video, please click on the link at the bottom of this page.Co-creation of learning and student engagement in shaping their curricula are becoming more widespread as pedagogic practice in Higher Education. The literature surrounding co-creating the learning experience has focussed primarily on the benefits for staff and students involved in terms of increased student engagement (Cook-Slather et al, 2014). The barriers to co-creation, which include perceived threats to ‘academic as expert’ and role-blurring, in part derive from a lack of transparency about the strategies for embedding co-creation of learning in established learning and teaching practices (Allin, 2014).  The procedure and mechanics of co-creating curricula appear obfuscated by theoretical and academic discussions about the intersection of partnership, co-creation and student engagement. The current project seeks to throw light on and explore two different approaches to co-creating the curricula on level 6 option modules run by Psychology and Business programmes.
Nottingham to Ningbo: Students as Change Agents across the Globe
Authors: Watts Matthew , Neil Carina , Speight Sarah
Published: April 2018

The University of Nottingham is a global university, with campuses in the UK, China and Malaysia. The Students as Change Agents scheme runs on all three campuses, with students able to receive accreditation for their work through the Nottingham Advantage Award. This paper provides an overview of the scheme, exploring its launch and development, including the challenges faced in ensuring consistency and effective partnership working. It also examines the blended learning approach to training and some of the early impacts of the programme and individual projects.
Evaluating and Co-creating with Student Learning Developers
Authors: McKay Jane , Petrakieva Lina , Telfer Dickson , Williams Kim , Nielsen Calum , O'Neill Deborah , MacInnes Frances , Stevenson Lori
Published: April 2018

This is a research article supported by a video. To read the article, please click on the pdf. To play the video, click on the link at the bottom of this page.The Learning Development Centre (LDC) in the School of Health & Life Sciences at Glasgow Caledonian University serves over 6000 students, of whom over 70% have off-campus placement requirements. Provision of high-quality online support materials is therefore a priority. The LDC team has developed a suite of contextualised online resources to assist students in their development of academic and digital literacies. The LDC Team undertook a project to evaluate and enhance the resources and the LDC website. This involved the use of traditional evaluation tools in addition to the more innovative use of the 'Think Aloud Method' (Ericsson and Simon, 1984), to assess interface usability and online community content. A key to this project was the Team’s partnership with students, as ‘Student Learning Developers’ who played a pivotal role in the evaluation and co-creation of resources. This has helped to embed a culture of student collaboration within the LDC. In addition to showcasing the community and sharing students’ experiences of participating in the project, this submission will include discussion about effective ways of creating, evaluating and promoting online learning development resources, together with the LDC team’s reflections on partnership working with students.
The experience of BME commuting students
Authors: Smith Susan Virginia
Published: April 2018

The reasons for the black and minority ethnic (BME) student degree attainment gap are complex and multifactorial. However, it appears that increasing numbers of all students are commuting to campus from the parental and family home, something now disproportionately exemplified by BME students at Leeds Beckett University.This paper outlines findings from a small, qualitative project focusing on commuting BME undergraduates and explores how their issues and needs have been addressed through a range of cultural, infrastructural and curricular interventions.The main issue of concern which supports the recent report (Thomas and Jones, 2017) is that many commuting BME students will prioritise academic engagement but are unaware of the wider social and cultural capital that can be gained from participating in extra-curricular activities. It is clear that some difficulties faced by BME commuting students are identical to those faced by all commuting students: stress, impractical timetabling and assessment deadlines, ‘invisibility’. BME students (commuting and non-commuting) are already often disadvantaged by a poorer learning experience than that of their peers and consequently by lower degree attainment (Richardson, 2008a & b, Newbold et al., 2011) and reduced employability (Allen, 2016), an inequality that may be compounded in the case of those disproportionately high numbers of BME students who also commute. University action must be situated within a broader framework of inclusive academic practice, drawing on a “holistic engagement vision” (Pickford, 2016, p. 31) of infrastructural support and partnership working between students and staff.
Students as digital partners – empowering staff and students together
Authors: Harvey Fiona
Published: April 2018

Over the last four years, students from across the University of Southampton have been working in partnership with academic teams to support the development of digital skills for both staff and students. The ethos of everything that they do is ‘working together’ and they understand that they must evidence their activities, using open badges combined with a portfolio. This combination supports their online presence as well as providing an evidence base for impact, providing the University with a rich source of good practice and authentic learning.  Students are working on a range of projects in education and some research activities have also been supported, including eBooks, blogs, the creation of resources and engagement with new tools.  This case study explains the process of setting up and managing a cross-university digital literacies development programme, including plans for expansion to cover pathways for students and, potentially, staff, as they work together to become engaged and empowered learners.
Students as Change Partners in the School of English Language and Literature at the University of Reading.
Authors: Collier Joy
Published: April 2018

The pedagogic landscape in Higher Education has certainly witnessed change in recent years and involving students as partners in aspects of degree-programme development is part of that change. Darling-Hammond (2009) described how educational systems internationally are changing priorities to enable students to "cope with complexity, use new technologies, and work cooperatively to frame and solve novel problems" (p. 45). Zhao (2011) asserts that it is vital to engage students as partners in change, giving them an active hand in programme design, to enable students to develop into creative individuals who leave education with much more than just an academic qualification; it is an "authentic way to develop professional skills" (Giles et al., 2004, p. 681) as well as an opportunity to develop a positive and autonomous approach to lifelong learning. The case study which follows involved students' working cooperatively with each other and with staff in a school of English language and literature. Together, we redesigned a new module aimed at: developing students’ understanding of the demands of university-level study and writing; supporting them in their transition from sixth form to higher education.
The Co-creation of Exam Support: Students as partners in the research, planning, design and quality assurance of learning resources.
Authors: Grayson Nicola Jane , Blake Jennie , Stock Megan
Published: April 2018

This case study outlines the role of students as partners in the co-creation of workshops for the University of Manchester Library’s award-winning ‘My Learning Essentials’ (MLE) skills programme. It focuses on a new workshop – developed, piloted and delivered in 2017 and called ’Academic Writing for Exams’ – and situates it within the context of the wider MLE programme. The process of developing new workshops is outlined, to illustrate how student members of staff (the Library Student Team) contribute to the creation of new learning resources. The study reveals the extent of the Library’s partnership with students, in relation to researching the topic area, producing high-quality slides and materials and participating in the quality-assurance processes for all new and refreshed resources. The aim is to share best practice and explore how a student/staff working partnership can be mutually beneficial and lead to the design of excellent, inclusive and relevant academic skills support. The study includes valuation data from the live workshop and reflects on the partnership and the process, with a view to developing current practice for the future.
EFICÁCIA PERCEBIDA DA DECISÃO E ESTILOS DECISÓRIOS: UM ESTUDO NA POLÍCIA MILITAR DO PARANÁ
Authors: Bezerra Cicero Aparecido , Prado Bianca Louise Carvalho de Meira
Published: April 2018

O estudo busca associar características pessoais distintas de decisores em alguns departamentos da Polícia Militar do Paraná e a eficácia percebida das decisões. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, empregando abordagem quantitativa (especificamente, análise de correspondência múltipla) junto a 210 policiais militares lotados em setores administrativos da corporação. Os resultados mostram que as decisões percebidas como sendo mais eficazes são encontradas junto aos respondentes que frequentemente avaliam alternativas; cujo superior imediato aparenta ser mais democrático; que frequentemente ouvem seus subordinados, reavaliam as decisões e fornecem feedback sobre a decisão tomada.
A MOBILIZAÇÃO MUSEOLÓGICA TÉCNICA NA GESTÃO DE MUSEUS COMUNITÁRIOS: A FORÇA DA PARTICIPAÇÃO COMUNITÁRIA E DA IDENTIDADE TERRITORIAL
Authors: Cezário Hilda Bárbara Maia , Davel Eduardo Paes Barreto
Published: April 2018

Este artigo propõe estratégias de gestão para iniciativas museológicas comunitárias, tendo a participação e a identidade territorial como fatores substantivos a essas iniciativas, associando-os às técnicas básicas dos museus e aos conhecimentos próprios da museologia. A mobilização museológica técnica refere-se, portanto, a um conjunto de procedimentos relacionados às funções dos museus englobadas pelas seguintes áreas: pesquisa, preservação e comunicação, tendo a educação como dimensão transversal, através de práticas adequadas à gestão destes museus. Fruto da pesquisa qualitativa, análise documental e experiências vivenciadas por diferentes museus, dentro e fora do Brasil, as estratégias visam contribuir para o aprimoramento da formação em museologia e gestão social. Os resultados desta pesquisa buscam orientar a prática de gestores sociais, museólogos e líderes comunitários, tornando o desenvolvimento das funções museológicas mais dinâmico, territorializado e, consequentemente, mais apropriado aos seus contextos locais e aos seus princípios base.
Modeling and Simulating Multi-Polymer Injections
Authors: Preux Christophe , Malinouskaya Iryna , Nguyen Quang-Long , Tabary René
Published: April 2018

In a process of enhanced oil recovery (polymer flooding), of well treatment (conformance control, water shut-off) or eventually any other process, the injection of several types of polymer solutions can be envisioned. Polymers considered could have different chemical structure, may not have been dissolved in the same water and may not necessarily be injected in a single and unique well. The same question appears in connection with a method where a mixture of two (or more) polymers would be intentionally injected. The few studies available involve mixtures of polymers in organic solvents.

We could not find a study dedicated to an injection of a blend of polymers in porous media. Only a theoretical paper by V.P. Budtov [1] drew our attention, focusing on the estimation of the relative viscosity of a mixture of several polymers. Its main message is that, in order to make sense, the mixture is assumed as a single homogeneous phase, at least in a given area of concentration. The adsorption of several "polymer" components raises a difficult question about the so-called competitive adsorption.

There are two opposite answers. In the first one, at the laboratory scale, chemical interactions on the rock surface are instantaneous ("first come, first adsorbed"). According to the other one, at the reservoir scale, exchanges have all the time necessary to occur and they take place in the direction of a preferential adsorption of the stronger mass or higher affinity polymer ("hierarchical model"). In this paper, we present a complete modeling and simulation of multi-polymer injection(s), based on physical data. The concepts of mobility reduction and adsorption are studied and validated through some test cases. In particular, the effect of multi-polymer injection(s) on adsorption is investigated. In the first part, we introduce the mathematical system and the method used to solve it. The second part addresses the modeling of different parameters such as mobility and permeability reduction and hierarchical adsorption based on experimental data. Then, we discuss some numerical experiments realized thanks to the in-house software PumaFlowTM to validate the model and study the effect of multi-polymer injection(s) on adsorption. Finally, we conclude with the benefit provided by such type of modeling and we present the perspectives of this work.
Pore Shape Factors in Shale: Calculation and Impact Evaluation on Fluid Imbibition
Authors: Yang Bin , You Lijun , Kang Yili , Chen Zhangxin , Yang Jian , Han Huifen , Wang Liang
Published: April 2018

In shale gas reservoirs, the fluid imbibition was quite common during well drilling and stimulation, and it also related with engineering designs such as the borehole instability control and hydraulic fracturing operation, which fluid spontaneous imbibition into shales became a hot issues. In current fluid imbibition models, the pore shape was usually assumed to be circular tube, whereas scanning electron microscope (SEM) images analysis showed that the pore shapes in shale derived a lot from the ideal circular pores. One of the approaches to correct the deviation between the pore shapes and the ideal circular pores was to introduce a pore shape factor into the imbibition model. This paper provided a model to calculate the shape factors for specific geometric pores, and then based on the shape and proportion analyses of the inorganic and organic pores in shale, a comprehensive pore shape factor can be obtained. For tested two shale samples, the comprehensive pore shape factor was 0.54 and 0.61. Taking the values into the fluid imbibition model, it showed that the predicted curves accord quite well with the experimental data, and if the pore shape factors were ignored, there would present an overestimation of 37.0% and 27.9%, respectively. It seemed that calculating the pore shape factor accurately and involving it in the imbibition model would be very essential when dealing with the experimental fluid imbibition data or conducted field fluid imbibition volume predictions.
Optimization of Downhole Fluid Sampling Using Focused Probes
Authors: Kristensen Morten , Machado Cintia , Chugunov Nikita
Published: April 2018

Acquisition of fluid samples using wireline formation testers is an integral part of reservoir evaluation and fluid characterization. The use of focused probe technology, in which the flow of mud filtrate to the main sampling port is shielded by one or more guard ports, has proved to be particularly effective in acquiring clean formation fluid samples with short pump-out times. To both improve operational efficiency for the current focused probes and optimize the design of next-generation tools, it is necessary to understand how to optimally operate the tools in different sampling environments. The objective of this study is to investigate optimal sampling strategies for focused tools in presence of formation and fluid property uncertainty. In particular, the pump rates for the sample and guard ports in a focused tool can be manipulated, allowing for optimization of pump rate profiles to maximize overall sampling efficiency.

We use a numerical forward model of the filtrate cleanup process coupled with optimization. We study the problem of pump rate profile optimization in different sampling environments and compare the results against two operating strategies commonly applied in the field.

The optimization results show that significant sampling time savings are possible (for each sampling station) compared with a default fixed-rate strategy, especially in environments characterized by a high viscosity contrast between the formation fluid and mud filtrate. These savings translate directly into rig time savings for the operator. In general, the results in the paper provide guidance on optimal focused-sampling operation in different environments.
CO2–Stripping of Kerogen Condensates in Source Rocks
Authors: Baek Seunghwan , Akkutlu I. Yucel
Published: April 2018

Much work has been done targeting hydrocarbon fluids in organic materials of source rocks such as kerogen and bitumen. These were, however, limited in scope to simple fluids confined in nanopores and ignored multi-component effects. Recent studies using hydrocarbon mixtures revealed that compositional variation caused by selective adsorption and nano-confinement significantly alters the fluids phase equilibrium properties. One important consequence of this behavior is capillary condensation and trapping of hydrocarbons in nanopores. Fluid expansion is not an effective mechanism in these pores. To show the impact of lean gas injection on the hydrocarbons recovery, an investigation is carried out using equilibrium molecular simulations of hydrocarbon mixtures with varying concentrations of CO2. The results with N2 are also presented for comparison. We show that large molecules in the mixture are left behind in nanopores are generally responsible for the residual hydrocarbon amount, and that high-pressure CO2 injection extracts more hydrocarbons from the nanopores than that based on pressure depletion only. In these small pores, the injection pressure and the kind of injected gas play a critical role in recovery. We also show that the nanopore surface area, rather than the nanopore size, is the primary factor affecting the residual amount. CO2 molecules introduced into the nanpores during the soaking period of a cyclic injection operation lead to exchange of molecules and a shift in the phase equilibrium properties of the confined fluids. This exchange has a stripping effect and in turn enhances the hydrocarbons recovery. However, the subsequent production and pressure depletion has no additional impact on the recovery beyond the stripping effect. CO2 injection and soaking has the ability to extract the heavier hydrocarbon fluids irrespective of the operating pressure conditions, while the pressure depletion produces the lighter fluids from the nanopores.