bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SALUD Y EDUCACIÓN EN ECUADOR UNA RELACION EN TIEMPOS DE COVID-19: UNA PERSPECTIVA MULTIVARIANTE
Authors: Raffo Babici Vilma , Blanc Pihuave Glenda del Rocio , Ortega Ponce Laura Ximena , Yerovi Ricaurte Elke Jacqueline
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Uno de los sectores más afectados por la pandemia del COVID-19 ha sido el educativo. Según informe de la UNESCO, hay más de 1 mil millones de estudiantes afectados a nivel mundial. Debido, a varios obstáculos que esta misma organización señala, tales como:deficiencias en el aprendizaje remoto, el costo de la brecha digital entendido como la disparidad que hay en el acceso a la tecnología o internet, sobre todo en países en vías de desarrollo como Ecuador. Además, de que tanto, los estudiantes como los docentes, en su mayoría, no estaban preparados para asumir la educación a distancia. Objetivo: Analizar la incidencia de la declaración de pandemia producto del Covid19 en el ámbito académico desde la perspectiva de la salud mental en estudiantes de Educación Superior. Metodología: Se trata un estudio de campo descriptivo. El análisis se centró en una población de 500.000 mil estudiantes de educación universitaria, y la muestra fue de 384 sujetos. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de datos, tipo encuesta con una heterogeneidad del 50%, con un margen de error del 5% y un nivel de confianza de 95%. Resultados: Entre los resultados más relevantes se encontró que, el97% de los estudiantes encuestados consideraban que realmente existe el covid-19. El 89% manifestó que las cifras de infectados en Ecuador no son ciertas, porque consideran que existe una cifra mayor. Un 76% expresó que están preparados para asumir carga académica a distancia, pero con dudas, porque dudan del contenido y no sienten que haya rendimiento académico. Conclusiones: La declaración de pandemia producto del Covid 19 en el ámbito académico, desde la perspectiva de la salud mental en estudiantes de Educación Superior, ha tenido una incidencia directa en el proceso de enseñanza y de aprendizaje de los y las estudiantes de la universidad.
PLAN DE ACCIÓN PARA LA PROMOCIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL RESPONSABLE EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA NACIONAL SAN SEBASTIÁN ESTADO ARAGUA VENEZUELA.
Authors: López-Romero Luis Alberto
Published: March 2021

La sexualidad en los estudiantes es un tema de suma preocupación por la tendencia que presenta, en cuanto a la manera en cómo es asumida por parte de los estudiantes de bachillerato. El presente estudio tiene como fin proponer un Plan de Acción para la promoción de la educación sexual responsable en los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Nacional San Sebastián. La investigación se ubicó en el paradigma positivista, bajo el enfoque cuantitativo. La modalidad de la investigación fue el proyecto factible, apoyado en un diseño de campo. Se abordó directamente la realidad investigada con un nivel descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por cincuenta y tres (53) estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Nacional San Sebastián. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y el Instrumento el cuestionario. La técnica de análisis fue la estadística porcentual. El análisis de los datos dio como resultado que los estudiantes respondieron en un 63% que el docente no realiza ningún tipo de conversatorio acerca de la sexualidad con los estudiantes, mientras que el 37% de los consultados indicaron que los docentes si realizan. Por eso, es necesario implementar acciones que integren al docente y a la familia para crear una red de apoyo que promueva la sexualidad sana y responsable. Que motive a los estudiantes a tener una sexualidad responsable, desarrollando una cultura fortalecida en valores éticos, morales y de convivencia en su entorno social.
PERSPECTIVA EDUCATIVA PARA LA PREVENCIÓN SOCIAL DEL FEMINICIDIO.
Authors: Peñafiel-Martillo Pedro Félix , Peña-Briceño Daniel Antonio
Published: March 2021

Investigación concebida para examinar la violencia de género y su peor consecuencia, el feminicidio, que no, es más que el homicidio de mujeres. La presente investigación tiene como fin el analizar los elementos configurativos del feminicidio presentes en el marco legal ecuatoriano como contribución al desarrollo de estrategias pedagógicas para la prevención social del mismo. Para lo cual se empleó un diseño metodológico enmarcando esta problemática en el paradigma positivista, con un enfoque cuantitativo desde una investigación de campo, la cual presenta un nivel descriptivo. La población objeto de estudio estuvo constituida por: 120 estudiantes de los primeros semestres de la escuela de educación, de la facultad de educación de la Universidad Metropolitana UMET. La población fue de tipo finito. Como técnica de recolección de datos se utilizó la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario dicotómico. La técnica de análisis fue la estadística porcentual. Se encontró como resultado que el 58% de los consultados, no saben lo que es el feminicidio, además de que el 69% de los consultados, indicaron ser testigo de la violencia familiar. Entre las conclusiones: el Feminicidio es un concepto jurídico acuñado de manera más específica que el de Homicidio; siendo la forma más extrema de violencia contra la mujer. Constituye una acción que no responde a una coyuntura ni actores específicos, pues se desarrolla tanto en tiempos de paz como en tiempos de conflicto armado y las mujeres víctimas no poseen un perfil único de rango de edad.
A Comparative Study of Vocational Education in China and Germany
Authors: Liu Ruiyuan
Published: March 2021

Vocational education is the main way to improve the quality of national skills. In developed countries in the world economy, all are placed in an important position, but specific methods have their own characteristics. The dual system of vocational education in Germany is quite distinctive, and it is also extremely advanced. Today, it is particularly important to learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries when carrying forward the spirit of craftsmen in a great country. Vocational education between China and Germany differs greatly from eight aspects of culture, vocational education concepts and values, legal systems, vocational education models, as well as the construction of the teaching staff and the implementation process of education and teaching. Therefore, Chinese vocational education cannot replicate the German model. It must be based on China’s national conditions and learn from German vocational education experience, from improving laws and regulations, strengthening the construction of “dual-teacher” faculty, standardizing the construction of curriculum systems and curriculum standards, and forming an industry-enterprise participation mechanisms and other aspects, carry out practical reforms and innovations to promote the healthy and orderly development of China’s vocational education and serve the sound development of the social economy.
Online Gambling in Malaysia: A Legal Analysis
Authors: Dhillon Guru , Ling Lee Sook , Nathan Jason Tze-Xi , Nandan Maran
Published: March 2021

Gambling is a serious issue that comes with wide-reaching social, political, and economic consequences if not tightly monitored by governmental authorities. The advent of technology has provided gambling operators a virtual platform that caters to gamblers over the internet. Malaysian legislation that deals with gambling was drafted before online gambling came about. Malaysia has yet to introduce any amendment to existing legislation to better equip it with sufficiently clear wording and provisions for the purpose of regulating online gambling. The aims of this article are to (1) examine the prevalence of online gambling in Malaysia today and (2) analyze the application of existing legislation to regulate online gambling. In this article, the above aims are analysed from a legal perspective based on a qualitative doctrinal research method involving journal articles, relevant news articles, and Malaysian legislation. The finding of this article establishes that unregulated online gambling is growing into a pressing issue in Malaysia and relevant local legislation needs to be updated to better deal with its challenges. This article is not meant to be an all-encompassing thesis but to serve as an introductory guide into this niche area of the law.
An Assessment of Internet Addiction among Pre-University Students
Authors: Woon You Huay , Daud Nurulhaidah , Razak Nor Farhah
Published: March 2021

Online activities have become the norm in today’s society; therefore, it is necessary to investigate addictive internet usage especially among students. In this study, a total of 75 students aged 18–19 years old were randomly selected among the pre-university students as the respondents. They were required to fill in questionnaires, which included the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and demographic information such as gender and parental monitoring. However, five questionnaires were excluded due to the missing values. Overall, the findings indicated rates of internet addiction at 52.86%, with severe addiction at 1.43%. While severe internet addiction is not common, moderate internet addiction seems to be, as it was reported at 51.43%. Additionally, internet addiction was higher among males compared to females (72% vs 42%). The three highest-ranked online activities were school work (100%), entertainment (100%) and social networking (97.14%). Overall, parental monitoring significantly impacted the rates of internet addiction. Hence, parental monitoring needs to be considered when designing and implementing interventions for internet addiction.
Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy on Iranian Couples’ Marital Satisfaction in Malaysia
Authors: Hosseini Nastaranalsadat , Lau Poh Li , Baranovich Diana Lea , Chan Siaw Leng
Published: March 2021

This study investigates the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy (ACGT) on marital satisfaction among Iranian, postgraduate married couples residing in Malaysia. The study utilised a true experimental (pretest/posttest, control group) design. Seventy-two students (36 couples) with the lowest scores from the Marital Satisfaction Inventory were randomly selected and randomly assigned into either the experimental or control group to receive either ACGT or no therapy. Subsequently, analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) showed significant differences in marital satisfaction between the experimental and control groups. The current study finds that marital satisfaction showed considerable enhancement after the ACGT, and besides, the effects of ACGT on marital satisfaction were retained after four weeks. The evaluation of the couples of the ACGT programme was also collected, which appeared to be satisfactory. This study has significant implications for marital satisfaction and counselling practice holistically.
Conceptualisation of Financial Exploitation of Older People: A Review
Authors: Che Amani Nurfadhilah , Kahar Rojanah , Ibrahim Rahimah , Hasbullah Muslihah
Published: March 2021

The concept of financial exploitation has gained much interest in the field of elder abuse. The purpose of this study is to review the conceptualisation of elder financial exploitation as a first step towards exploring how financial abuse is interpreted differently by different groups. The search strategy includes the use of the SCOPUS database, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and open access for articles published between 1997 and January 2019. This study includes prevalence studies regarding the analysis of perceptions and conceptualisation of financial exploitation. This study excluded studies published in languages other than English with no relevance regarding the focus of the study. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria with four categories (older people, professional, public, and family members) and a range of settings across studies. Three overarching themes emerged in this review. The sub-themes include values, expectations, cultural considerations, characteristics of older people, relationship dynamics, situational factors, knowledge, and attitudes. Current evidence supports the on-going discussion on the lack of uniformity in definitions and conceptualisations of the financial exploitation of older people. The lack of consideration from the views of older people and community members may add to the complexity of defining financial exploitation, which can result in problems in detection, disclosure, and underreporting incidences.
The Nigerian State and International Human Rights Laws in the Fourth Republic
Authors: Ifejika Solomon I.
Published: March 2021

Nigeria, during her long period of military dictatorship, earned an appalling human rights record accompanied by various degrees of sanctions by the international community. Underlying these odious developments were the various instances of violations and gross disrespect for international human rights law by the successive governments of the day. Thus, as part of the efforts at redeeming the country’s global human rights image, pro-democracy forces pushed for the return of the country to the democratic system, a desire that eventually materialized in May 1999. This paper, therefore, examined Nigeria’s commitment to international human rights instruments towards the actualization of the International Community’s goal of Universal Human Rights. Relying on data collected through the secondary sources and the qualitative-descriptive method of data analysis, the study found, that Nigeria had exhibited an appreciable commitment to the actualization of the International Community’s goal of Universal Human Rights having ratified several important international treaties and conventions for the protection of human rights both at the global and regional levels. However, certain major challenges still hamper the country’s full commitment to these instruments, and adequate protection of the fundamental rights and liberties of her citizens. To enable Nigeria to overcome the challenges, the study suggests, among other measures, the revocation of section 12 of the 1999 Nigerian Constitution to enable seamless domestication and implementation of all existing human rights treaties Nigeria has acceded to, and those it may accede to in future times.
Understanding the Importance of Stakeholder Management in Achieving Sustainable Ecotourism
Authors: Salman Ahmad , Jaafar Mastura , Mohamad Diana
Published: March 2021

Ecotourism brings many economic, environmental, and socio-cultural benefits to the tourism destination, but its implementation is not simple. Several studies in the past have shown the importance of including stakeholders for the development of ecotourism in the area. Understanding stakeholders varied interests and their power of influence is vital to achieve sustainability in a tourism destination. The study aimed to develop a multi-stakeholder management model that could unite stakeholders towards achieving sustainable ecotourism in the area. A critical synthesis of the literature was conducted by classifying and then critically reviewing the literature to construct and integrate the variables that could help in the better management of stakeholders, which would lead towards the development of a framework that can guide in achieving sustainability in ecotourism. This study validates previous findings and also directs to develop a sustainable ecotourism framework through which the environmental, social, and economic benefits can be achieved in the destination. Understanding multiple stakeholders helps to achieve sustainability and, as a result, makes the tourist destination experience better for both the visitor and host. The developed model would add value to the literature by enriching tourism destination stakeholders understanding, precisely related to the multiple stakeholder management, and leads to achieving ecotourism sustainability.
Analysis on the Key Points of Information Teaching Design Results in Architectural Teaching
Authors: Chen Jiahui
Published: March 2021

As we all know, information teaching design belongs to the product of the application of modern educational technology theory, and its core lies in solving the difficult problems existing in teaching activities through multimedia technology and network technology.As far as the actual situation is concerned, the emergence of information teaching design has caused a certain impact on the traditional teaching mode.Therefore, information teaching design has become an important educational method for college teachers.The teaching practice shows that the introduction of information teaching design into the teaching of architecture is helpful to promote the high quality of teaching activities and to improve students’ interest in learning.Based on this, this paper will take the concept and design of information teaching design as the starting point, and then discuss it around it, in order to give some reference to the majority of colleagues.
Analysis on the Change of Enterprise Marketing Management in the Era of Network Economy
Authors: Wang Zheng
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the reform of enterprise marketing management under the background of network economy, understands the influence of the development of network economy on enterprise marketing management, and discusses the measures to promote the reform of enterprise marketing management. Hope to further improve the level of marketing management for its healthy development.
The Reform and Innovation of College Students’ Ideological and Political Education from the Perspective of Employment
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan
Published: March 2021

In recent years, the number of college graduates has gradually increased, but the number of overall jobs has basically remained unchanged, resulting in more and more fierce competition for employment, hundreds of people competing for a post is common. Under the background of more and more severe employment situation of college students, the thoughts and mentality of contemporary college students have gradually changed. Compared with the realization of personal life value, fame and interests are obviously more attractive. Under this huge employment pressure, the psychological defense line is also easy to collapse. In order to change this situation, colleges and universities begin to set up relevant ideological and political education courses for college students, help college students to set up a correct view of employment, cultivate a strong and optimistic attitude towards employment, and lay a good foundation for future employment.
An Overview of Drugs Used in COVID-19: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach
Authors: Aithal Archith , Dias Edwin
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus originated pandemic disease also called Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spread all over the world causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) called SARS-CoV-2 poses a difficult challenge to scientists, researchers, and practitioners to discover effective drugs for prevention and treatment. By using a huge amount of clinical data obtained from many SARS-CoV2 infected people, clinicians are trying to gather accurate evidence for effective treatment and also developing a suitable vaccine system for the prevention of spread of infection for many more people. With no proven therapies which can treat and prevent SARS-CoV-2 is developed until now, there is an opportunity for new researchers in virology to make such an attempt at this crucial time. In this regard, currently, two strategies are active. The first kind of strategy is on developing completely new molecules to prevent and treat this disease, or the second strategy is on testing the effectiveness of already available antivirals and antimalarials for possible potential recovery and prevention. This is done by testing several antivirals (Remdesivir, Favipiravir, etc) and antimalarials (Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, etc) for their potential therapies. Studies show that the most promising therapy is the use of antiviral Remdesivir. Remdesivir has shown the potential ability to exhibit vitro activity to control COVID-19. The drug is currently being tested by ongoing randomized trials. Until a widely accepted drug reaches the global market, different antiviral treatment strategies are used under urgent investigation. In this article, we review the latest research developments related to the systematic treatments for COVID-19 reported from various research labs of different countries. The article also provides a summary of various clinical research experience, intermediate results, and treatment guidance to combat the novel coronavirus epidemic based on pharmacotherapeutic analysis, along with insights to the attempts on vaccine development across the world in order to curb the COVID pandemic.
Diseño Estratégico, un diferenciador en las empresas del futuro.
Authors: Marroquín Gabriela , Sanz Abbud María del Mar
Published: March 2021

Atravesamos una transformación en la cual las empresas desempeñan un papel relevante, no solo en el ámbito económico, sino en la búsqueda del bienestar social y la preservación del medio ambiente. Se trata de un horizonte en el que la sociedad exige participar en aras de un desarrollo sostenible. Según tendencias globales, la sostenibilidad ya no será una opción para las empresas, sino una condición para poder operar y competir en el mercado. Este nuevo orden transforma la manera de vivir y con ello da lugar a nuevas necesidades y oportunidades de negocio para el futuro. De ahí que exista el Diseño Estratégico y las Empresas del Futuro, también conocidas como Empresas B.
İki Dünya Bir Aile 'Sosyolojik Bir Değerlendirme'
Authors: YARALIOĞLU Yusuf
Published: March 2021

Göç olgusu insanlık tarihiyle eş bir olgudur. Dolayısıyla göç olgusuna bağlı olarak bireylerin göç öncesi ve sonrası kültürel kodlarına ilişkin değişimler de sosyolojik anlamda önem arz etmektedir. Bu çerçevede ele alınmış olan İki Dünya Bir Aile eseri Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne göç eden Türklerin, farklı bir kültür içerisinde yetişmiş yabancılarla evliliklerinin doğurmuş olduğu sosyolojik sonuçları din kurumu bağlamında ele almaktadır. Bu durum eserde ‘karma evlilik’ üst başlığı altında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu vesileyle yapılan değerlendirmelerde din kurumunun aile kurumunun inşasında önemli bir yeri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sosyolojik bir birlik olan ailenin sosyalleşme sürecinde ve toplumsal kurumlar bağlamında bireylerin ilişkilerinde yine önem arz ettiği de belirlenmiştir. Eser göç sosyolojisi ve din sosyolojisi disiplinleri bağlamında kültürel kodların dini kurumlar bağlamında göç sonrası nasıl değişim ve dönüşüm gösterdiğini anlama çabasıdır. Bu çerçevede karma evlilik yapan Türklerin başta kültürel, dini ve kişisel farklılıklardan ötürü sorun-lar yaşadığı görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda değerlendirilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde eserin, derinlemesine mülakatlar ve nicel verileri temel alarak oluşturulduğu gözlenmiştir.
Association of the MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12 gene polymorphisms with COPD risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Hua , Jiang Xiao-Hong , Huang Qiu-Pin , Chen Min-Li , Xie Zheng-Fu
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Given the evidence that the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a number of case-control studies have attempted to assess the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in MMP genes and COPD risk. However, reliable measures of these results are lacking.

Material and methods

We assessed the published evidence for association of the MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12 polymorphisms with COPD risk using meta-analytic techniques. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for each study using fixed or random effect models.

Results

A total of 23 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. No significant association was observed between the MMP-9 rs3918242 polymorphism and COPD risk in the overall populations under the dominant (T/T + C/T vs. C/C: OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.00–1.69, p = 0.054) and allele contrast (T allele vs. C allele: OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.97–1.53, p = 0.088) models. However, in sub-group analysis the polymorphism rs3918242 was significant in Asians under the dominant model (T/T + C/T vs. C/C: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.02–2.72, p = 0.043). The results for MMP-12 rs2276109 showed an association with COPD only in mixed populations (G/G + A/G vs. A/A: OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.10–2.24, p = 0.013; G allele vs. A allele: OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.09–2.14, p = 0.015). We did not find any significant association of the MMP-12 rs652438 and MMP-3 rs35068180 polymorphisms with COPD.

Conclusions

The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that there is a risk of COPD associated with the MMP-9 rs3918242 and MMP-12 rs2276109 polymorphisms in certain ethnic groups.
BUDAYA PENDIDIKAN DI LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: AlMunip
Published: March 2021

Writing this article with viewpoints on the back of student ability of adjusting with culture of education and culture are in environment family adn Dormitory or boarding school. The methodology used is using a literature study and supported by experience. The result of article was first  to know the sate and culture is in environment family, both know culture is in boarding school and third knows the difference between culture education in evironment family and boarding school
Impacto de una intervención didáctica basada en el uso de un exergame en la activación del área motora suplementaria durante procesos de coordinación motora: un estudio piloto en primaria
Authors: Bustamante Juan Carlos , Quintas Hijós Alejandro , Segura Berges Manuel , Peñarrubia Lozano Carlos , Antoñanzas Laborda José Luis
Published: March 2021

Este estudio busca analizar el efecto de una intervención educativa, basada en el uso de un exergame, sobre la actividad cerebral relacionada con procesos de coordinación motora. Cinco alumnos formaron parte del grupo control (fueron los que recibieron la intervención didáctica tradicional) y cuatro alumnos formaron parte del grupo experimental (recibieron la intervención educativa basada en el uso del exergame). Las medidas de espectroscopía funcional de infrarrojo cercano (fNIRS) se recogieron en dos momentos diferenciados (antes –medida PRE– y después –medida POST– de la intervención) con un sistema NIRScout de 64 canales, cubriendo el área motora suplementaria (SMA) durante la realización de una tarea de coordinación bimanual de flexión-extensión digital. Los resultados mostraron que parece existir un patrón de actividad más eficiente en el grupo que realizó la intervención de exergaming gamificada en comparación con el grupo que realizó la intervención didáctica tradicional. En conclusión, nuestro estudio muestra evidencia neurofuncional sobre los efectos de los exergames en la coordinación motora.
Samsun İlinin Sahip Olduğu Gastronomi Turizmi Potansiyelinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: HAKKITANIR Gamze , BULUT Yetkin
Published: March 2021

Yeme içme insanlığın varoluşundan bu yana en temel ihtiyaçlar arasında bulunmaktadır. Maslow’un ihtiyaçlar hiyerarşisinde de ilk basamakta yer almaktadır. Turizm alan yazını tarandığında yeme içme kavramına daha çok gastronomi turizmi başlığı altında yer verildiği görülmektedir. Dünyada değişen turizm trendleri sayesinde yönümüzü deniz kum güneş üçlüsünden çevirip, alternatif turizm türlerine dönmüş bulunmaktayız. Gastronomi turizmi yılın her ayında turistleri destinasyona çekme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu yönüyle mevsimsellikten etkilenmemesi onu diğer turizm türlerinden bir adım öne taşımaktadır. Samsun’un yerel yemek kültürünün turistik ürün olarak belirlenmesinin, kentin turizmine fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada da Samsun ilinin gastronomi turizmi potansiyelini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılmış ve katılımcılara 14 yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat sorusu yöneltilmiştir. Samsun’da turizme yön veren 17 turizm paydaşından cevap alınmıştır. Bu cevaplar doğrultusunda elde edilen veriler ayrıntılı betimleme yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların %82’si Samsun’un turizm potansiyeline sahip olduğunu fakat bu potansiyelin değerlendirilemediğini ifade etmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda bulguların tamamından yola çıkarak Samsun’un gastronomi turizmini geliştirmek için öneriler sunulmuştur.
Early start of insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: pros and cons
Authors: Яргин С.В.
Published: March 2021

Своевременное назначение инсулина позволяет быстро нормализовать уровень гликемии. Показания к ранней инсулинотерапии часто возникают при дефиците инсулина у молодых пациентов с низкой массой тела, у пожилых больных с саркопенией, кахексией, хроническими инфекциями; при ранней манифестации микроагиопатических осложнений, при недостаточной эффективности двух- или трехкомпонентных схем; при выраженной симптоматике, связанной с гипергликемией. Адекватная инсулинотерапия уменьшает липо- и глюкозотоксичность, защищает бета-клетки, другие ткани и органы от повреждения. Вместе с тем существует мнение, что ввиду неблагоприятных эффектов экзогенного инсулина и появления новых сахароснижающих препаратов инсулинотерапию нужно начинать как можно позже. К нежелательным эффектам относятся риск гипогликемии, увеличения массы тела и, возможно, сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Обсуждаются комбинации инсулинотерапии с другими сахароснижающими препаратами и ее особенности в пожилом возрасте. Отмечена тенденция увеличения с возрастом целевых уровней гликемии. Очевидно, что подход должен быть индивидуальным с учетом возраста, клинико-лабораторных показателей, сопутствующих заболеваний, предпочтений и возможностей пациентов.

The timely insulin administration can promptly normalize the blood glucose level. Indications for early insulin therapy include severe insulin deficiency often in young patients with low body weight; sarcopenia, cachexia and chronic infections especially in elder patients; early manifestation of microagiopathic complications, insufficient effectiveness of two- or three-component combinations of anti-diabetic drugs, severe symptoms associated with hyperglycemia. Adequate insulin therapy reduces lipo- and glucotoxicity, protects beta cells, other tissues and organs from damage. At the same time, there is an opinion that, in view of adverse effects of exogenous insulin and appearance of new anti-diabetic drugs, the insulin therapy should be started as late as possible. Adverse effects include the risk of hypoglycemia, weight gain and possibly also cardiovascular complications. Combinations of insulin with other hypoglycemic drugs and special features of insulin therapy in elder patients are discussed. There is a tendency for the target glycemic levels to increase with age. Obviously, the approach must be individual, taking into account age, clinical and laboratory data, comorbidities, preferences and possibilities of patients.
Diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy in the practice of a primary care physician
Authors: Комелягина Е.Ю. , Анциферов М.Б.
Published: March 2021

Диабетическая периферическая сенсомоторная нейропатия относится к числу наиболее распространенных осложнений сахарного диабета. Диагностика диабетической периферической нейропатии состоит из оценки симптомов и клинического неврологического обследования с применением количественных тестов для оценки степени выраженности неврологических расстройств. В статье рассматриваются современные подходы к комплексному лечению болевой формы диабетической периферической нейропатии, начиная с компенсации углеводного обмена. Если, несмотря на нормализацию гликемии, у пациента сохраняются жалобы на боли или другие неприятные ощущения, необходимо назначать средства патогенетической либо симптоматической направленности с целью их уменьшения или полного исчезновения. Рассмотрены средства местной терапии для лечения диабетической периферической нейропатии, целью которой является купирование болевой симптоматики (антидепрессанты, противосудорожные средства, анальгетики, средства местного воздействия), а также средства патогенетической терапии, базирующиеся на воздействии на основные патогенетические компоненты диабетической периферической нейропатии (применение препаратов α-липоевой (тиоктовой) кислоты).

Diabetic peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy consists of symptom assessment and clinical neurologic examination using quantitative tests to assess the severity of neurologic disorders. The article discusses modern approaches to the complex treatment of pain form of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, starting with the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism. If, despite the normalization of glycemia, the patient continues to complain of pain or other unpleasant sensations, it is necessary to prescribe pathogenetic or symptomatic agents in order to reduce or completely disappear. The means of local therapy for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the purpose of which is to relieve pain symptoms (antidepressants, anticonvulsants, analgesics, topical agents), as well as pathogenetic therapy, based on the effect on the main pathogenetic components of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (use of drugs α-lipoic (thioctic) acid).
On the advisability of using antioxidants in the treatment of acute salpingooophoritis
Authors: Марзиева Т.А. , Рогожина И.Е. , Глухова Т.Н.
Published: March 2021

В работе проведено изучение состояния процессов перекисного окисления липидов в крови больных с острым сальпингооофоритом, а также обоснование использования антиоксидантной терапии в комплексном лечении пациенток с указанной патологией. В группе из 50 пациенток с острым сальпингооофоритом проведено традиционное лечение, включающее антибактериальные средства в соответствии с клиническим протоколом диагностики и лечения воспалительных заболеваний органов малого таза (2015), противовоспалительную, дезинтоксикационную терапию (группа сравнения). У 50 пациенток с острым сальпингооофоритом аналогичная комплексная терапия была дополнена назначением препаратов со свойствами антиоксидантов (основная группа). При поступлении больных в стационар и после проведения терапии выполнена оценка состояния процессов перекисного окисления липидов в крови по содержанию продуктов липопероксидации в плазме крови и в эритроцитах, а также состоянию антиоксидантной системы крови. Результаты проведенных исследований свидетельствуют об активации перекисного окисления липидов и дестабилизации биологических мембран у больных с острым сальпингооофоритом. Показано, что использование антиоксидантной терапии в комплексном лечении больных с острым сальпингооофоритом способствует сокращению сроков лечения в стационаре и улучшает отдаленные результаты лечения пациенток с указанной патологией.

The study of the state of lipid peroxidation processes in patients with acute salpingo-oophoritis, as well as the rationale for the use of antioxidant therapy in the complex treatment of patients with this pathology, was carried out. In a group of 50 patients with acute salpingo-oophoritis, traditional treatment was performed, including antibacterial agents in accordance with the clinical protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic inflammatory diseases (2015), anti-inflammatory, detoxification therapy (comparison group). In 50 patients with acute salpingo-oophoritis, similar complex therapy was supplemented by the appointment of drugs with antioxidant properties (main group). When patients were admitted to the hospital and after therapy, the state of lipid peroxidation processes in the blood was assessed by the content of lipid hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde in blood plasma and in red blood cells, as well as the state of the antioxidant blood system. The results of the studies indicate the activation of lipid peroxidation and the destabilization of biological membranes in patients with acute salpingo-oophoritis. It is shown that the use of antioxidant therapy in the complex treatment of patients with acute salpingo-oophoritis helps to reduce the treatment time in the hospital and improves the long-term results of treatment for patients with this pathology.
Management of patients with uterine bleeding during menopausal hormone therapy
Authors: Хашукоева А.З. , Бурденко М.В. , Оверко А.В. , Рыжова Т.Е. , Сафонина М.С.
Published: March 2021

Тенденции по увеличению продолжительности жизни, которые наблюдаются в последние десятилетия, напрямую затрагивают деятельность акушера-гинеколога ввиду того, что женщинам необходимо не только прожить долгую жизнь, но и снизить количество заболеваний, развитие которых нередко связано с наступлением периода менопаузального перехода и постменопаузы. Задача врачей – помочь пациенткам максимально мягко войти в период постменопаузы, минимизировав проявления климактерического синдрома. В настоящее время наиболее эффективным методом терапии ранних климактерических симптомов является менопаузальная гормональная терапия. В статье рассмотрены современные подходы к проведению менопаузальной гормональной терапии при возникновении менопаузальных расстройств, подходы к подбору менопаузальной гормональной терапии с учетом особенностей каждой конкретной пациентки. Рассматриваются терапевтические эффекты и возможности менопаузальной гормональной терапии, проблемы ее приемлемости, а также ведение пациенток в постменопаузальном периоде с маточными кровотечениями.

The trends in life expectancy that have been observed in recent decades directly affect the activities of an obstetrician-gynecologist due to the fact that women need not only to live a long life, but also to reduce the number of diseases, the development of which is often associated with the onset of the menopausal transition and postmenopause. The task of doctors is to help patients to enter the postmenopausal period as gently as possible, minimizing the manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. Currently, the most effective method of treating early climacteric symptoms is menopausal hormone therapy. The article discusses modern approaches to the conduct of menopausal hormone therapy in the event of menopausal disorders, approaches to the selection of menopausal hormone therapy, taking into account the characteristics of each individual patient. The therapeutic effects and possibilities of menopausal hormone therapy, the problems of its acceptability, as well as the management of postmenopausal patients with uterine bleeding are considered.
Datos abiertos entrelazados para una mejor información jurídica
Authors: Baquero Pérez Pedro Juan
Published: March 2021

La Unión Europea ha promovido la iniciativa European Legislation Identifier (ELI). En esta iniciativa se desarrolla la especificación técnica ELI, la cual define un marco flexible, de forma que cada país se adapte a sus peculiaridades con el fin de mejorar la información jurídica y tratando la legislación como datos abiertos y entrelazados. Su implementación se basa en el concepto de la WEB Semántica, y trata de facilitar el acceso, la interoperabilidad y reutilización de la información de los sistemas de publicación de normativa legal europeos, nacionales y regionales. En este trabajo, basado en la especificación ELI, se ha desarrollado un Marco Teórico que describe un modelo de evolución, tanto tecnológico como de servicios, para la aplicación de los datos abiertos entrelazados a la publicación de la legislación. En base a este Marco Teórico, se ha analizado el estado actual de la implantación en España de ELI.
Aproximación al Gobierno Abierto en España
Authors: Delgado Morales Francisco
Published: March 2021

El texto se presenta inicialmente como una aproximación al concepto de Gobierno Abierto para finalmente detenerse y exponer de manera breve la actuación de España en el marco de la OGP y su planes de acción, con especial referencia a la formulación y los contenidos del IV Plan de Acción 2020-2024.
Clustering diurnal cycles of day-to-day temperature change to understand their impacts on air quality forecasting in mountain-basin areas
Authors: Kong Debing , Wang Shigong , Ning Guicai , Cong Jing , Luo Ming , Ni Xiang , Ma Mingguo
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Air pollution is substantially modulated by meteorological conditions, and especially their diurnal variations may play a key role in air quality evolution. However, the behaviors of temperature diurnal cycles along with the associated atmospheric condition and their effects on air quality in China remain poorly understood. Here, for the first time we examine the diurnal cycles of day-to-day temperature change and reveal their impacts on winter air quality forecasting in mountain-basin areas. Three different diurnal cycles of the preceding day-to-day temperature change are identified and exhibit notably distinct effects on the day-to-day changes in atmospheric dispersion conditions and air quality. The diurnal cycle with increasing temperature obviously enhances the atmospheric stability in the lower troposphere and suppresses the development of the planetary boundary layer, thus deteriorating the air quality on the following day. By contrast, the diurnal cycle with decreasing temperature in the morning is accompanied by a worse dispersion condition with more stable atmosphere stratification and weaker surface wind speed, thereby substantially worsening the air quality. Conversely, the diurnal cycle with decreasing temperature in the afternoon seems to improve air quality on the following day by enhancing the atmospheric dispersion conditions on the following day. The findings reported here are critical to improve the understanding of air pollution in mountain-basin areas and exhibit promising potential for air quality forecasting.
Mesoscale convective systems as a source of electromagnetic signals registered by ground-based system and DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite
Authors: Martynski Karol , Blecki Jan , Wronowski Roman , Kulak Andrzej , Mlynarczyk Janusz , Iwanski Rafal
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are especially visible
in the summertime when there is an advection of warm maritime air from the
west. Advection of air masses is enriched by water vapour, the source of which can be found over the Mediterranean Sea. In propitious atmospheric conditions, and thus significant convection, atmospheric instability or strong vertical thermal gradient leads to the development of strong thunderstorm systems. In this paper, we discuss one case of MCSs, which generated a significant amount of +CG (cloud-to-ground), −CG and intracloud (IC) discharges. We have focused on the ELF (extremely low frequency; < 1 kHz) electromagnetic field measurements, since they allow us to compute the charge moments of atmospheric discharges. Identification of the MCSs is a complex process, due to many variables which have to be taken into account. For our research, we took into consideration a few tools, such as cloud reflectivity, atmospheric soundings and data provided by PERUN (Polish system of the discharge localisation system), which operates in a very high frequency (VHF) range (113.5–114.5 MHz). Combining the above-described measurement systems and tools, we identified a MCS which occurred in Poland on 23 July 2009. Furthermore, it fulfilled our requirements since the thunderstorm crossed the path of the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) overpass.
Criminalización de la protesta feminista: el caso de las colectivas de jóvenes estudiantes en México
Authors: Cerva Cerna Daniela
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es documentar las características que adquiere la experiencia colectiva en torno a las reivindicaciones feministas realizadas por jóvenes estudiantes en México, su activismo a través de las redes sociales y la reprobación y censura de la cual han sido objeto por parte de autoridades universitarias, medios de comunicación y gobierno. Desde el enfoque de los movimientos sociales y el ciberactivismo, estas jóvenes se han constituido en una fuerza política de confrontación sumamente importante desde el 2016 a la fecha, con irrupciones masivas en el escenario público que tiene un efecto de amplificación en el espacio virtual y redes sociales. El análisis integra entrevista a grupos organizados de universitarias, así como el seguimiento etnográfico en redes sociales.
Una introducción a la teoría queer de Paul B. Preciado
Authors: Domínguez-Benítez Melania
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo servir de introducción a la producción teórica del filósofo Paul B. Preciado en el marco de la teoría queery los feminismos actuales. En lo siguientes apartados articularemos el diálogo intertextual entre la producción de Preciado y las retóricas y prácticas mencionadas que, de forma dispersa, se habría ido generado a lo largo de las distintas obras del autor. Nos proponemos mostrar cómo sus principales tesis surgen de la experiencia de tráfico y reformulación de una serie de herramientas analíticas extraídas del contexto de los estudios postfeministas, postestructuralistas y queer, tales como la genealogía foucaultiana, la noción wittigniana de heterosexualidad como régimen político, el análisis butleriano de la identidad performativa, la concepción del género como tecnología ideado por de Lauretis o la política del ciborg diseñada por Haraway. Simultáneamente, expondremos cuáles son las aportaciones fundamentales del autor en tanto en cuanto teórico queery feminista, destacando su concepción del género y el sexo como tecnologías somato-políticas; y los análisis de los modos que el capitalismo actual desarrolla para “producir” la subjetividad contemporánea
La reapropiación del insulto como resistencia queer en el universo digital: el caso Gaysper
Authors: Bonfill Anna Zaera , Giménez Yolanda Tortajada , Gálvez Antonio Caballero
Published: March 2021

El auge y resurgimiento de grupos extremistas conservadores en el Estado español ha venido acompañado de un incremento de imágenes y mensajes de odio contra el feminismo y el colectivo LGTBIQ+ (Kimmel, 2019; Halberstam, 2018). Los discursos hegemónicos y no hegemónicos se encuentran en una batalla por la representación (Hall, 1997) de la que los grupos minoritarios han quedado excluidos y discriminados. La democratización que han supuesto las redes sociales ha generado un espacio crítico desde el que los públicos no hegemónicos pueden subvertir los discursos dominantes y generar nuevas imágenes simbólicas a partir de la apropiación y el sabotaje cultural (Morduchowicz, 2012; Harold, 2004). Este fue el caso de “Gaysper”, un fantasma con la bandera del orgullo LGTBIQ+, que el partido político Vox empleó en un meme de internet para representar al colectivo como uno de los enemigos nacionales. Esta investigación se ha realizado a partir de un análisis crítico del caso de estudio mencionado así como la constitución de dos grupos de discusión con participantes del debate online. El artículo supone una reflexión crítica sobre el apropiacionismo y el uso del humor como herramientas subversivas de desactivación a los ataques homófobos y sexistas de las nuevas olas conservadoras. “Gaysper” ejemplifica la consolidación de las redes sociales como escenario excepcional para la construcción de identidades políticas, y un símbolo del poder creativo del colectivo LGTBIQ+ para convertir en orgullo y esperanza, lo que surgió desde la violencia homófoba y sexista.
Del género a los bio/cis/trans/tecno/post-géneros: el paradójico destino de una extrapolación sociologista
Authors: Binetti María José
Published: March 2021

La categoría de género ingresó a la academia feminista estadounidense en el marco de los estudios socio-históricos con el objetivo de analizar las relaciones de poder jerárquicas y opresivas entre los sexos a los efectos de, en última instancia, eliminar la desigualdad estructural afecta a las mujeres. Sin embargo, lejos de lograr la abolición del género como sistema de opresión, los bio/cis/trans/tecno/post-géneros retornan hoy la academia posfeminista como categorías del deseo y la autopercepción individual a fin de ser reconocidos en su libre autodeterminación. En lugar de eliminar el género para liberar a las mujeres, el postfeminismo ha abolido la realidad ontológica de las mujeres y reificado los géneros por una suerte de esencialismo socio-discursivo asumido como profunda identidad individual. Intentar explicar en términos ontológico-filosóficos tal paradójico desenlace constituye la propuesta de las siguientes páginas.