bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Integrated Nano-Fertilizer Spray and Vermicompost in Growth and Quality of Corn Yield
Authors: Firas W. Ahmed  , AL-Tameemi Ali Jasim Hadi
Published: January 2025

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of integrated nano-fertilizer spray and vermicompost in growth and quality of corn yield in calcareous soil at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ University of Baghdad/ Iraq during the autumn season of 2022 using Split Split Plot Design in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Main plots were designated to two types of vermicompost (local and imported). The secondary plots were assigned to vermicompost added to the soil at three levels of 0, 10 and 20 Mg ha-1. The third plots were assigned to nano-fertilizer containing N, P, K, Zn, Fe and Mn at 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1 sprayed on plant at 20, 40 and 60 days after planting. The results showed a significant effect of local vermicompost achieving available nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil as 43.31 mg N kg-1 soil and 19.25 mg P kg-1 soil. In the leaves, nitrogen was 3.86 %, potassium 4.54 %, iron 174.22 mg Fe kg-1 and Zinc was 73.53 mg Zn kg-1, grain yield was 165.48 Mg ha-1. Adding vermicompost to the soil at 20 Mg ha-1 achieving in available nitrogen in the soil of 43.74 mg N kg-1 soil, available phosphorus of 19.72 mg P kg-1 soil and available potassium of 196.93 mg K kg-1 soil. In the leaves, nitrogen was 4.37 %, phosphorus was 0.44 %, potassium 4.87 %, iron was 182.63 mg Fe kg-1, zinc was 73.70 mg Zn kg-1 and grain yield was 168.43 Mg ha-1. Spraying nano-fertilizer on the plant at 150 mg L-1 achieved In the leaves, nitrogen 4.28 %, phosphorus of 0.46 %, potassium of 5.10 %, iron of 204.83 mg Fe kg-1, zinc of 89.28 mg Zn kg-1 and manganese of 234.07 mg Mn kg-1 and grain yield was 172.88 Mg ha-1.
PENGARUH LAYANAN AKADEMIK DAN LAYANAN ADMINISTRASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN HAFSHAWATY ZAINUL HASAN GENGGONG PROBOLINGGO JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Maharani Lia Kholida Putri
Published: January 2025

This research determines the influence of academic service and administrative services on the satisfaction of midwifery students Hafhawaty Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo, East Java. This research is quantitative with a causal study design. Based on non-probability sampling with a saturated sampling approach, a sample of 150 students was obtained. The data analysis method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis with Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS 26.0 software as the analysis tool. Based on the results of the research and discussion, researchers can conclude that academic service and administrative services both partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on student satisfaction. Thus, the better the academic services and administrative services provided to students, the greater the satisfaction of Hafhawaty Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo, East Java midwifery students (p-value <0.05). This research was only carried out by the Hafshawaty Zainul Hasan Genggong Midwifery Academy, Probolinggo, East Java, and does not use control variables as other variables that could influence student satisfaction. This research highlights that educational institutions should prioritize improving academic and administrative support systems to ensure students have a satisfying experience during their studies.
PENGARUH KOLEKSI PERPUSTAKAAN TERHADAP MINAT KUNJUNG PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Mentari Fajariyatul Islamiyah  , Tatang Ibrahim  , Heny Mulyani
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mendeskripsikan koleksi perpustakaan di MTs dan MA Ar-Rosyidiyah Kota Bandung 2) mendeskripsikan minat kunjung siswa MTs dan MA Ar-Rosyidiyah Kota Bandung 3) menganalisis pengaruh koleksi perpustakaan terhadap minat kunjung siswa MTs dan MA Ar-Rosyidiyah Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner melalui pengukuran model skala likert yang terdiri dari empat jawaban pilihan kepada 86 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan menggunakan uji instrument (validitas dan reabilitas), analisis statistik deskriptif (analisis parsial indikator dan interpretasi hasil), analisis asumsi (uji normalitas dan linearitas), uji hipotesis (uji regresi linear sederhana, uji T, dan uji koefisien determinasi).Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) Koleksi perpustakaan di MTs dan MA Ar-Rosyidiyah (Variabel X) memperoleh nilai rata-rata 2,77 berada dalam skala interval 2,60-3,39 yang mana termasuk kategori cukup. 2) Minat kunjung peserata didik di MTs dan MA Ar-Rosyidiyah (Variabel Y) memperoleh nilai rata-rata 2,78, berada dalam skala interval 2,60 – 3,39 yang mana termasuk kategori cukup. 3) hasil keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai thitung sebesar 11.491 > 1,663, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil pengujian koefisien determinasi (R square) diperoleh hasil koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,607, dengan kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara variabel X (Koleksi Perpustakaan) terhadap variabel Y (Minat Kunjung) sebesar 60,7%, dan sisanya sebesar 39,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor atau variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian ini
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KURIKULUM BERBASIS KEJURUAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN SKILL SISWA
Authors: Avicha Imani Nindhi , Wakhid Lutfi , Mamlukhah
Published: January 2025

Manajemen kurikulum dengan berbasis kejuruan merupakan seperangkat rencana pembelajaran yang dirancang khusus untuk mempersiapkan bekal keterampilan yang sesuai dengan minat bakat dan keahlian siswa sehingga dapat meningkatkan skill keterampilan yang diminati. Tujuan penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi manajemen kurikulum berbasis kejuruan dalam meningkatkan skil siswa di MAN 4 Banyuwangi (2) Untuk mengetahui Hambatan-hambatan dalam pengimplementasian manajemen kurikulum berbasis kejuruan dalam meningkatkan skill siswa di MAN 4 Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif, pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik pengumpulan data, dan triangulasi waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) penerapan manajemen kurikulum pada program unggulan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan siswa di MAN 4 Banyuwangi meliputi perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. (2) hambatan-hambatan dalam penerapan manajemen kurikulum terletak pada pendanaan dan tenaga pendidik pada program kejuruan diambil dari basic guru yang bukan selinier tetapi telah memiliki keahlian khusus dibidangnya, untuk kedepanya MAN 4 Banyuwangi akan memperbarui tenaga pendidik dengan basic yang linier.
Influence of the size of gas-filled pore and gas pressure in the pore on the bulk modulus of the material
Authors:   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Alymov M. I. , Galiev F. F. ,   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saikov I. V. ,   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrov E. V. ,   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

Currently, there is no direct method for measuring the pressure of gases inside closed pores. The use of various indirect methods for determining the gas pressure in closed pores allows us to assume that this pressure can reach a pressure of thousands of atmospheres. In the work, an equation was derived for the bulk modulus of elasticity of a porous material depending on the pressure in the pore. The expression for the bulk modulus with a solid inclusion is taken as a basis. The paper considers materials with a porosity of 0.1 or less when all pores are closed. To establish the effect of gas pressure in the pores on the elastic modules of the material, a ratio is introduced between the bulk modulus of the material with maximum pressure in the pores and in the absence of gas pressure. It is shown that the maximum pressure in porous materials varies in the range of 100 – 1000 MPa depending on the pore radius. It is established that the value of the bulk modulus in the absence of gas pressure in the pores and at maximum gas pressure differs by less than 1 %. It was also found that an increase in porosity from 0.01 to 0.1 leads to an increase in the ratio of bulk modulus. The measurement of elastic modules of porous bodies can be interesting from the point of view of measuring gas pressure in closed pores.
An Overlooked Explanation for Increasing Suicidality: LGBQ Stressors Felt by More Students
Authors: Cimpian Joseph R. , McQuillan Mollie T.
Published: January 2025

Recent data show rising suicidality among high school girls. We posit this increase may be related to an overlooked factor: more girls identifying as LGBQ. Using four cohorts of national Youth Risk Behavior Survey data ( N = 22,562 females, N = 22,130 males), we found that LGBQ identification among females rose from 15% in 2015 to 34% in 2021. LGBQ females consistently reported higher suicidality, although rates remained stable within both LGBQ and heterosexual groups. The rise in females’ suicidality may stem from social pressures faced by LGBQ youth. Male suicidality and LGBQ identification showed smaller changes. More support for LGBQ students is essential to address this trend.
Brown trout (Salmo trutta) redd locations in Iron Creek, Lawrence County, South Dakota, USA
Authors:   South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, McNenny State Fish Hatchery, 19619 Trout Loop, Spearfish, South Dakota 57783., Weavill Brody T. , Voorhees Jill M. ,   South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, McNenny State Fish Hatchery, 19619 Trout Loop, Spearfish, South Dakota 57783., Domagall Abigail ,   School of Natural Sciences, Environmental Physical Science, Black Hills State University 1200 University Street, Spearfish, South Dakota 57799., Barnes Michael E. ,   South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, McNenny State Fish Hatchery, 19619 Trout Loop, Spearfish, South Dakota 57783.
Published: January 2025

This study documented brown trout (Salmo trutta) redds and their locations in the eastern most 1.8 km stretch of Iron Creek, Lawrence County, South Dakota, USA, during the fall of 2023. The first redds were observed on September 19, 2023. Weekly observations continued until no new redds were observed on October 27. Throughout the six-week period, a total of 67 redds were documented, with a peak of 19 redds on September 23. Stream temperatures varied from 2 to 10°C throughout the study, with the highest number of redds observed at 9°C. This is the first and only study to document brown trout redd locations and the timing of redd construction in Iron Creek.
Assessment of biosecurity measures in fish farms of Udu Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal College of Fisheries and Marine Technology, Victoria Island, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria., Aladetohun Nike Funmilayo , Oche Charity ,   Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal College of Fisheries and Marine Technology, Victoria Island, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria., Okeoghene Caleb Michael ,   Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal College of Fisheries and Marine Technology, Victoria Island, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria., Barde Israel Joshua ,   Veterinary Pathology Division, Diagnostic Services Department, National Veterinary Research Institute Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Published: January 2025

The study assessed biosecurity measures in fish farms in the Udu Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to select four communities (Uwian, Orhuwhorun, Ugbisi and Kotokoto) in the study area, while cluster sampling was used to select one hundred and sixty-eight (168) fish farmers from Udu Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and interview. Descriptive and Chi-square statistic was used for data presentation and analysis. The study reveals that the majority of the fish farmers (67.9%) in the study area do not practice biosecurity measures and 58.9% have no understanding of biosecurity. From the study, fish farming is practised by youths between the age of 21 - 40 years (35.7%) and the majority of them have attained tertiary education (55.4%), yet have little experience in fish farming (2 - to 4 years) (31%). Hence, lack of fish farming experience, lack of awareness and understanding of biosecurity are major factors that influenced the non-compliance to biosecurity measures by fish farmers in the study area. This study created biosecurity awareness amongst the fish framers in the study area. The findings of this study will serve as a baseline source of information for further research. Fish farmers should adhere to strict biosecurity and biosafty measures in ponds and cages to avoid the spread of diseases in their fish population.
Measures of State Support of Nuclear Energy: The Experience of Foreign Countries
Authors: Lizikova M. S.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the factors of state participation and support of nuclear energy and approaches to the classification of its models and forms. It is noted that the models for the development of nuclear energy with an insufficient share of state participation and support in modern conditions have shown their inefficiency, which has led to the lag of the countries implementing them (first of all, the USA, Great Britain, France, Sweden, etc.) from the competing states. The analysis of the program-strategic documents and legislative acts of these states adopted in recent years showed their desire to expand and accelerate the development of nuclear energy through a significant increase in state support for the industry. Among the measures of the latter, the author identified and characterized: the introduction of tax credits and benefits, the search for and approval of new ways to finance large infrastructure projects, strengthening the role of state authorities and administration, reducing the regulatory burden on the industry, launching programs to support the development of nuclear energy, legislative support. The conclusion is made about the reassessment, revision and desire for modernization by individual foreign states of the previously existing models of state participation and support for nuclear energy. It is emphasized that only the coordinated, systematic and comprehensive nature of the measures reflected in the regulatory legal acts that ensure their implementation can contribute to an increase in the share of nuclear energy in the energy balance of these states and have a positive impact on the solution of their economic, energy and climate problems.
Polish Science and Higher Education in the Post-Socialist Period: The Development of the Reform Program and the Results
Authors: Kuvaldin S. A.
Published: January 2025

The article overlooks the processes which developed in the Polish academic and research sphere in the post-socialist period. The government’s approach toward scientific and higher education politics is being considered as well as the research organizations’ and universities’ accommodation to new economic and social realities. There are several stages of evolution of the Polish academic and science sphere at that period. The first one belongs to the period that followed the collapse of socialism and was characterized by vast autonomy of academic and research organizations without clear government’s scientific and educational policies. It resulted in huge educational expansion mainly by paid segment and decreasing of the research activity. At the same time research organizations were financed primarily by public means. The autonomy of academic organizations resulted in conserving traditional norms and spheres of activity in academic environment which didn’t create any stimulus for developing and integration in the international academic space. The Polish government became interested in developing research and higher education sphere approximately after the 2010s and undertakes a series of reforms that partly reduced the academic autonomy and created an evaluation system for the research effectiveness. Such reforms were criticized by some groups of the Polish academic community. At the moment we can say that some flagship research organizations have already emerged in Poland but a significant part of the academic community is partly marginalized.
Analisis Web Smash Pada PT. Hitachi Channel Solutions Indonesia Jakarta Dengan Menggunakan Metode Webqual 4.0
Authors: Normah Normah , Udin Komar , Rifai Bakhtiar
Published: January 2025

PT. Hitachi Channel Solutions Indonesia is a company engaged in the ATM sector since 2016 until now. The company has a website, namely web smash that this application is used for ticket making. The call center team or dispatcher will make when there is a report of a problem in the ATM machine by the client, the reporting is done by phone/email to the call center team. From the results of the report, it is summarized and made a ticket through web smash, the ticket will enter the ATM technician team to be checked, after the ATM problem has been fixed, the technician confirms to the call center team to close the ticket. In this study, it aims to conduct a web smash quality analyst where there are several obstacles found in web smash, namely related to sites that are accessed often have problems such as slow and lack of penetration between users so that development needs to be carried out to be able to improve the quality of web smash. From the results of the research using the webqual 4.0 method and SPSS Version 22 software, In the T test and F test, the significance result for the X3 variable (Service Penetration Quality) was found to be 0.000, the result was smaller than 0.05 which means that the variable greatly affects the quality of the web smash to improve the quality of the web smash for users, it is necessary to innovate the addition of features so that they can interact with each other and can facilitate the exchange of information
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pengguna Sistem Informasi Manajemen Panti Asuhan Menggunakan Metode Pieces Framework
Authors: Faqih Husni , Zulfa Puspa Fortuna , Suryanti Ery , Suci Adillah Bulan , Yulia Erika
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kepuasan pengguna aplikasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Panti Asuhan (SIMAPAN) di LKSA Puteri Aisyiyah Slawi. Penggunaan sistem informasi dalam manajemen panti asuhan sangat penting untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas operasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode PIECES Framework yang meliputi enam indikator utama, yaitu Performance, Information, Economics, Control and Security, Efficiency, dan Service. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 15 responden, terdiri dari ketua, pengurus panti, dan perwakilan anak asuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh indikator mendapatkan kategori PUAS dengan rata-rata kepuasan pengguna sebesar 4,39. Indikator information memperoleh nilai tertinggi dengan RK 4,57. Sementara indikator service memiliki nilai terendah dengan RK 4,05. Secara umum, aplikasi SIMAPAN dinilai cepat, akurat, dan efisien meskipun beberapa fitur layanan memerlukan perbaikan untuk memudahkan pengguna baru. Metode PIECES Framework yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memberikan pendekatan yang komprehensif untuk menilai kinerja sistem informasi dari berbagai aspek. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa SIMAPAN telah memberikan manfaat yang signifikan terutama dalam hal pengelolaan informasi dan efisiensi operasional. Namun hasil juga menyoroti perlunya peningkatan dalam layanan aplikasi, terutama terkait panduan pengguna baru dan penyempurnaan fitur. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengelola panti asuhan dan pengembang aplikasi dalam melakukan perbaikan sistem informasi untuk mendukung operasional yang lebih optimal di masa mendatang.
Kata kunci: Analisis Kepuasan Pengguna, PIECES Framework, Sistem Informasi Manajemen
GRAIN PRODUCTION AS AN INDICATOR OF THE QUALITY OF THE EXTERNAL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, M.Т. Lukyanova , A.S. Kanzafarov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, R.Sh. Valiakhmetov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

Grain has always been an important product for the population. Grain farming is
the most important agricultural production, on which the economic and social state of
the country depends. The efficiency and rationality of this production determines the
efficiency of the entire agro-industrial complex. The grain industry is constantly in
motion, with fresh ideas and tools coming to the fore. The introduction of new
technologies can help farmers obtain better quality grain, in larger quantities and at a
more favorable price. Obviously, to get the most out of their farms, farmers should
follow the latest technological trends.
DETERMINATION OF RESERVES FOR IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Z.A. Zalilova , D.D. Isaeva ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, R. D. Ayupov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, K.L. Osipkin ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University
Published: January 2025

This scientific article discusses the problem of determining reserves for improving
the financial results of an organization. The authors analyze the internal and external
factors influencing the formation of financial results, and list the main tasks facing
managers in this process.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Z.A. Zalilova , A.R. Ziazetdinova ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, E.E. Abzalilova ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, E.V. Zakharov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

The scientific article analyzes the financial results of the company's activities. The
paper examines the theoretical foundations of the formation of financial results and
methods of their research. In addition, the practical application of specific economic
analysis techniques for quantifying the impact of various factors on profit and
profitability dynamics is demonstrated.
STUDY OF THE SYSTEM OF LABOR MARKET INDICATORS BASED ON EMPIRICAL DATA
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, G.A. Salimova
Published: January 2025

The article presents theoretical approaches to modern research on the level of
employment of the population, the state and development of the labor market. During
the analysis, a system of indicators for modeling the modern labor market was built,
empirical data were collected to conduct a multidimensional grouping of the indicators
themselves in a spatial-dynamic aspect. The novelty of the study is the combination of
qualitative and quantitative aspects of the analysis, visualization in the form of colorful
infographics. Conclusions and recommendations for further development of the
analysis are formulated
CORRELATION-REGRESSIVE MODELING OF THE EMPLOYMENT LEVEL OF THE POPULATION
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, G.A. Salimova
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of constructing correlation and regression analysis
models of the dependence of the employment level of the population in the regions of
the Central and Volga Federal Districts of the Russian Federation on factors in a
dynamic aspect. Based on the results of the correlation and regression analysis, a
significant influence of factors on the employment level of the population of the regions
was revealed for almost all years. The combined influence of the selected factors on
the employment level of the population increases until 2020, then sharply decreases in
2021 and almost recovers in 2022. Constructing dependence models by year allows us
to identify reserves for increasing the employment level due to the factors included in
the model. Thus, there are potential reserves for increasing the employment level due
to the factors included in the model in 15 analyzed regions. The level of innovative activity of organizations had a significant impact on the employment level in 2020 and
2021.
CONSTRUCTING A RATING OF RUSSIAN REGIONS BY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, G.A. Salimova
Published: January 2025

Determining the economic efficiency of objects of social significance often causes
certain difficulties. However, investments in social issues, in particular, in the health
care system, financial resources should bring benefits in the form of public health,
prevention of dangerous diseases, the opportunity to receive qualified assistance to all
segments of the population regardless of place of residence, social status, and
ultimately increase labor productivity in the economy. This article develops a methodology and builds a rating of regions of the Russian Federation, characterizing
the efficiency of regional health care systems
Prevalence and distribution of Giardia lamblia infection among patients of children aged 5-11years treated in Sheno town health centers, North Shoa Oromia region, Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Damtew
Published: January 2025

The presence sof Giardia lamblia in food and water remains to be a major global food safety concern because of its potential to cause illnesses in humans. The main objective of this study was to assess the distribution of Giardia lamblia on children age 5-11 years in Sheno Town, which is located in Oromia regional States, North Shoa Zone kimbibit Woreda 72 kilometers away from Addis Ababa. Three health services in the town were selected using purposive sampling method. Instruments employed were questionnaire, interview and observation and document analysis. Frequency and percentage, were also employed to analyze the data obtained through questionnaire, while the data obtained through open-ended questions and interview were analyzed qualitatively. The study showed that there was a very high prevalence of Giardia lamblia in the target town due to shortage of clean drinking water, lack of awareness, poor sanitation systems that cause food and water contamination. The children infected by G. lamblia by percentage of the infection for the ages 5-8 years old were 53.3% in 2020 and 56% in 2021. To conclude, the communities of Sheno town of kimbibit woreda need awareness creation on Giardia transmission and prevention.
Effects of Caesarean Delivery on Early Infant Health -a Retrospective Study in a Low-Income Community in Ghana
Authors: Mensah Kwesi Boadu
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim: Caesarean birth is gradually becoming the preferred method of delivery among women in many developing countries. With increasing access and improved facilities in low-income countries, the myth and fear surrounding surgery gradually getting eroded with time, it is expected that Caesarean deliveries will increase. Increasing evidence also suggests that Caesarean birth may be associated more with poorer health outcomes in later life.

Objective: This study, sought to determine the effects of Caesarean delivery on early infant health in a low-income in Ghana.

Method: This was a retrospective study where 412 mother/baby pair medical records were reviewed at the Seventh Day Adventist Hospital, Dominase, Ashanti Region. The time-point incidences of dermatitis, respiratory tract diseases, clinical sepsis, neonatal jaundice, conjunctivitis and the mean number of non-scheduled hospital visits were used as indicators of early infant health in the first ninety (90) days.

Results: The prevalence of Caesarean birth in the study population was 26.7%. After adjusting for prenatal antibiotics usage and maternal socio-demographic factors, Caesarean birth was found to be strongly associated with the risk of early clinical neonatal sepsis (RR=3.5, p<0.001) and respiratory tract diseases (RR=2.74, p<0.001) and only weakly associated with the risk of neonatal dermatitis (RR=1.1, P=0.69), neonatal jaundice (RR=1.2 P=0.62) and conjunctivitis (RR= 1.3, P=0.43). Furthermore, babies delivered by Caesarean sections were twice as likely to visit the hospital for non-scheduled review visits compared with those delivered vaginally.

Conclusion: Caesarean birth is associated with poor early infant health outcomes and quality of life compared to vaginal birth.
The Ema and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: a Wake-Up Call.
Authors: Buttigieg George Gregory
Published: January 2025

The European Medicines Authority (EMA) is a decentralised agency of the European Union (EU) responsible for the scientific evaluation, supervision and safety monitoring of medicines in the EU and the European economic Area (EEA). On July 11th, 2023, it issued a press release stating that PRAC (The EMA’s safety committee) was reviewing data on the potential risk of suicidal thoughts and thoughts of self-harm with medicines known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, including Ozempic (semaglutide), Saxenda (liraglutide) and Wegovy (semaglutide). This was in response to reports by the Icelandic Medicines Authority of patients on liraglutide and semaglutide experiencing suicidal tendencies and thoughts of self-harm. Such reported signals are rightly taken very seriously by the EMA. However, looking at Ozempic, one is stricken by the EU’s Medicine’s Authority lack of publicly highlighting warnings in view of three burning issues. Firstly, the rampant, rarely seen meteoric use of the drug, which is becoming a seeming status symbol for use in weight loss and is openly promulgated as such by media and movie moguls as such. Secondly, the fact that the use of Ozempic in weight-loss is off-label. And thirdly, thirdly the established number of still-increasing, serious complications which carry serious health risks and even a risk to life in the face of this orgiastic misuse of a GLP-1 receptor agonist.
Empoderamiento de mujeres rurales en la agricultura, variables clave para su transformación
Authors: Martínez-Daza Magda Alejandra
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Empoderar a las mujeres rurales es esencial para superar barreras en su contexto. Este estudio identifica las variables clave y características que influyen en su empoderamiento dentro de la agricultura. Metodología mediante la técnica del análisis de contenido se ha revisado la literatura existente sobre el tema. Resultados: El análisis reveló que el desarrollo personal, la educación y capacitación, la salud y el bienestar, la autonomía económica, la toma de decisiones, el liderazgo, las redes de apoyo y la legislación son factores clave para medir el empoderamiento de las mujeres rurales en el ámbito de la agricultura. Discusión: El compromiso continuo de las autoridades locales es fundamental para materializar políticas, programas e iniciativas que promuevan el empoderamiento de estas mujeres. Conclusiones: Entender el perfil de las mujeres rurales es vital para comprender cómo interactúan con los recursos disponibles. Esto permite identificar dinámicas particulares y diseñar intervenciones para el desarrollo de capacidades y habilidades específicas para el empoderamiento y el emprendimiento femenino en la agricultura. De esta manera, se puede responder mejor a sus necesidades específicas y fomentar un cambio positivo  a nivel individual, comunitario y social,  contribuyendo al desarrollo rural sostenible e inclusivo.
Personas mayores en desplazamiento forzado y vulneración de derechos: revisión sistemática según las directrices PRISMA
Authors: Suffo Peñalver Natalia , Mota López Rosalía
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El creciente número de personas mayores afectadas por el desplazamiento forzado plantea la necesidad de comprender y abordar los riesgos que enfrentan. Metodología: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices PRISMA a partir de EBSCO y Google Académico, así como de repositorios de organismos internacionales de ayuda humanitaria. Los materiales analizados han sido 31. Resultados:  Las personas mayores tienen que hacer frente a retos muy concretos a lo largo de todo el ciclo del desplazamiento forzado. Afrontan riesgos específicos de indignas condiciones materiales de vida, mala salud, aislamiento social, pérdida de identidad cultural y social, falta de participación, y violencia interpersonal. Se destaca la invisibilidad en la respuesta humanitaria que sufren los adultos de más edad y la no inclusión de sus necesidades y riesgos específicos en los programas e intervenciones. Discusión: En el trabajo con adultos mayores en desplazamiento forzado se requiere un enfoque específico, transversal y participativo,
adecuando las respuestas a sus necesidades particulares. Es fundamental trabajar para amortiguar la descapitalización identitaria y participativa de los adultos de más edad. Conclusiones: La vulneración de los derechos humanos hacia personas mayores refugiadas y/o desplazadas es una realidad muy compleja que demanda atención inmediata.
DECISION-MAKING MODELS FOR COMPLEX THE ECO-ENERGY-ECONOMIC MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: SLIPCHENKO Volodymyr , POLIAHUSHKO Liubov , KRAVCHUK Dmytro
Published: January 2025

This article presents the development and implementation of a decision support system in a web application for complex eco-energy-economic monitoring. The study focuses on the analysis and development of decision-making methods, including decision tables, decision trees and expert systems, which ensure efficient and accurate problem-solving in complex environments. Decision tables are used for the systematic analysis of possible alternatives and select the best option based on specified criteria. Experts may use different criteria, including Wald, Bayesian-Laplace, Savage, or Hurwitz, to assess risks, averages, potential losses, or to integrate pessimistic and optimistic approaches. Decision trees provide a convenient way to model decision sequences and visualise scenarios. This method assesses the risks of each option, facilitating informed decision-making through analysis of potential future scenarios. The expert system is designed to accumulate and use knowledge in the form of rules containing conditions and actions. Knowledge engineers, working on the basis of expert experience, create a knowledge base that can be used to solve similar problems in the future. The developed decision support system allows experts to send their proposals to an analyst, who analyses the data in depth, assesses the available alternatives and formulates action programmes. The integration of decision tables, decision trees and expert systems into a single platform ensures high speed, accuracy and balanced decision making, which is essential for monitoring tasks. The system has significant practical value, providing analysts with tools for comprehensive data analysis, process optimisation and development of action strategies. Its implementation helps to improve the efficiency of management, particularly in the areas of the environment, energy and the economy, which is important for ensuring sustainable development and improving the health and quality of life of the population.
SOSYAL GÜVENLİK KURUMUNUN BİRDEN FAZLA ALACAĞININ AYNI ANDA EMEKLİ AYLIĞINDAN TAHSİLİ
Authors: Ardoğan Fatih
Published: January 2025

Kanun koyucu 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu’nun 93. maddesinin birinci fıkrasında; emekli aylıklarının kural olarak haczedilemeyeceğini, bununla birlikte Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’nun prim ve prime ilişkin diğer alacakları ile nafaka alacaklarının haciz yasağının istisnası olduğunu hüküm altına almıştır. Öte yandan 5510 sayılı Kanun’un 96. maddesine bakıldığında ise Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’nca fazla veya yersiz olarak yapıldığı tespit edilen ödemelerin de ilgililerin emekli aylıklarından mahsup edilerek geri alınmasının mümkün olduğu görülmektedir. Bu noktada birtakım sosyal düşüncelerle getirilmiş emekli aylıklarının haczedilemeyeceğine yönelik kuralın, hem prim ve prime ilişkin diğer alacaklardan birinin hem de fazla veya yersiz ödemenin emekli borçlu yedinde aynı anda mevcut olduğu durumlarda nasıl uygulanacağı sorunu akla gelmektedir. Nitekim araştırma kapsamında yapılan tespitten, Ombudsmana bu yönde bir uyuşmazlığın konu edildiği görülmüştür. Söz konusu başvuruda, emekli aylığında hatalı yapılan artıştan ve tüzel kişi işverenin sigorta prim borcundan doğan iki ayrı borcun ilgilinin aylığından aynı anda tahsil edilmesine yönelik uyuşmazlık ele alınmıştır. İşte eldeki bu çalışmada bu türden birden fazla borç için emekli aylığından yapılacak kesintiler bakımından çoğu durumda tek geçim kaynağı emekli aylığı olan borçlular için haczedilemezlik kuralının bir koruma sağlayıp sağlamadığı irdelenecektir.
VAKIFLARIN BANKASINDAN KAMU BANKASINA: TÜRKİYE VAKIFLAR BANKASI
Authors: Babur Mesut
Published: January 2025

Kuruluş sermayesi Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü (VGM) tarafından idare edilen vakıflara dayanan, bu yapısını da 2019 yılına kadar koruyan Türkiye Vakıflar Bankası özgün tarihi ve hukuki yapısıyla diğer kamu bankalarından ayrılmaktaydı. Gerçekleştirilen yasal değişiklikler, 2019 yılında sermayesinin Hazineye devri ve sonrasında Türkiye Varlık Fonuna (TVF) tahsisli sermaye satışıyla birlikte Banka kamu mülkiyetine geçmiştir. Çalışmada Vakıflar Bankasının özgün yapısı ve yaşadığı dönüşüm tarihi, hukuki ve idari bakış açısıyla ele alınmaktadır.
Topology design and upgrade of an optical network by bottleneck‐cut identification
Authors: Zhu Keyao , Sahasrabuddhe Laxman , Mukherjee Biswanath
Published: January 2025

We investigate the problem of topology design of an optical network by bottleneck‐cut identification. For an optical network, the topology‐design problem can be viewed as a combined two‐layer design problem: physical‐topology design and virtual‐topology design. In this study, we present the definition of bottleneck cut of an optical network. A heuristic algorithm is proposed to find the bottleneck cut, and then we show how to apply this algorithm to an optical network for topology design and upgrade.
Static versus dynamic establishment of protection paths in WDM networks
Authors: Anand Vishal , Qiao Chunming
Published: January 2025

In wavelength division multiplexed networks (WDM) with 1:1 path protection, a link‐disjoint protection (backup) path is also set up at the time of setting up a working (primary) path. Hence, the failure of a single fiber‐link does not cause huge data losses. This paper considers on‐line routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) of protection paths in such networks. In particular, we study two strategies based on the 1:1 path protection scheme. The Static strategy establishes protection paths such that once a route and wavelength have been chosen they are not allowed to change. On the other hand, the Dynamic strategy allows for re‐arrangement of protection paths, that is, both the route and wavelength chosen for a protection path can change so as to accommodate a new request. With either strategy, we assume that the working paths cannot be re‐arranged. This is to prevent the disruption of on‐going traffic. The two strategies are compared on the basis of the number of connections requests that can be satisfied for a given number of wavelengths, assuming that the requests come one at a time, and wavelengths are assigned according to the First‐Fit policy. One of the results of our study is that, contrary to intuition, the Static strategy performs better than the Dynamic strategy.
Recovery of metabolic activity in retinofugal targets after	traumatic optic nerve injury is independent of retinofugal input
Authors: Schmitt Ulrich , Sabel Bernhard A. , Cross Robert , Samson Fred E. , Pazdernik Thomas L.
Published: January 2025

Traumatic injury of the adult optic nerve causes a progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Despite this ongoing degeneration, a partial recovery of visual behavioral function and of local cerebral glucose use (LCGU) has been observed. To evaluate whether this partial recovery of LCGU is due to a recovery of visual conductance (extrinsic) or intrinsic neuronal activity, visual stimulation alone and combined with physostigmine,an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, were used to activate the retinofugal pathway. LCGU was determined in 30 male adult rats with or without physostigmine treatment 2 or 9 days after crush or 8 days after cut of the right optic nerve. Analysis of LCGU in contralateral first-order projection areas revealed no differences 8 days after cut and 9 days after optic nerve crush. Furthermore, LCGU in the contralateral areas could not be stimulated by the treatment with physostigmine. We therefore conclude that the increase in LCGU from 2 to 9 days after crush is not due to a recovery in the conductance of visual input. We hypothesize a relief of an injury-dependent active suppression (diaschisis) of LCGU. This reversal of diaschisis may, in part, account for the return of visual functions after mild optic nerve injury.
Phosphonate quinoxalinedione AMPA antagonists
Authors: Turski Lechoslaw , Schneider Herbert H. , Neuhaus Roland , McDonald Fiona , Jones Graham H. , Löfberg Boel , Schweinfurth Hermann , Huth Andreas , Krüger Martin , Ottow Eckhard
Published: January 2025

In the Western world, over 350,000 deaths and $30 billion in medical costs are attributed annually to stroke. Head and spinal cord trauma cause an estimated 250,000 deaths annually and result in medical costs of $15 billion. Although stroke and head/spinal cord trauma are leading causes of disability and death in humans, no adequate neuroprotective treatment is available. Glutamate antagonists derived from the quinoxa-linedione scaffold are as drug candidates for neuroprotection in stroke and trauma. Quinoxalinedione derivatives such as 2,3-dihydroxy-6- nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline and 6-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-7-nitro-2,3-(1H,4H)-quinoxalinedione failed clinical trials because of insolu-bility and resulting nephrotoxicity. Introduction of a phosphonate group into the quinoxalinedione skeleton improves solubility and leaves potency for the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor unchanged. Phosphonate quinoxalinedione derivatives ZK202000 and ZK200775 protected rodent brain against sequelae of permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and head trauma. No major deleterious effects on motor coordination, cardiovascular, or respiratory systems were detected in doses required for neuroprotection. No psychotomimetic and no neurotoxic side effects, typical for N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, were observed following treatment with phosphonate quinoxalinediones.
Inverse stimuli in perimetric performance reveal larger visual	field defects: Implications for vision restoration
Authors: Kasten Erich , Guenther Tobias , Sabel Bernhard A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: When studying the efficacy of vision restoration training (VRT), near-threshold and super-threshold perimetry revealed visual field enlargements whereas the Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) did not. Because the SLO procedure differs in many parameters from the other perimetric tests (task difficulty, inability to reveal relative defects, inverse stimulus presentation, bright red background) the question arises which of these parameters might be responsible for such discrepancies in outcome. We have therefore simulated with a computer-based campimetry test some of the SLO parameters and compared performance with that in standard perimetry.

Methods: A 46-year old female patient was evaluated with computer-based high resolution perimetry (HRP) using detection tasks of "positive" (bright) stimuli on grey background. Performance was compared with an SLO-like task using "inverse" black target stimuli on red background.

Results: Detection rate was 89% when the stimuli were positive (HRP) but dropped to 79.6% and 80.4% in the SLO-like "inverse" stimulation mode with red background, and striped red background, respectively. The number of false positives increased from 8.5 when a grey background was used, to 9.8 and 9.5 for plain red and striped red background, respectively. Reaction times were prolonged from 384 ms using a grey background to 412 ms and 391 ms using a plain red and striped red background, respectively. Thus, visual fields tested with SLO-like "inverse" stimuli showed larger scotomata and prolonged reaction time.

Conclusions: Inverse stimulus detection on red background is apparently a more difficult task for hemianopic patients than standard perimetric protocols (such as those used in Tuebinger Automatic Perimetry or HRP). The difference in stimulus features might explain why VRT-induced visual field enlargements could not be observed with the SLO. Our findings also suggest that vision restoration training does not improve all aspects of vision, such as inverse, chromatic stimulus detection.
Computer based vision restoration therapy in glaucoma patients: A	small open pilot study
Authors: Gudlin Julia , Mueller Iris , Thanos Solon , Sabel Bernhard A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Several studies have shown that computer-based visual stimulation improves detection performance in brain damaged patients with post-chiasmatic lesions after stroke or trauma. Because it is not known whether visual field defects after retinal lesions can also be modified by visual stimulation we explored if visual field enlargements are possible in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: Five patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) performed Vision Restoration Training (VRT), a computer-based vision training for a total of 6 months in two 3-months blocks with a 3-months training-free interval between the two training periods. Perimetric testing was performed with High Resolution Perimetry (HRP) as well as with 30° and 70° white/white (W/W) and 30° blue/yellow (B/Y) conventional automatic perimetry (Oculus Twinfield).

Results: After the first 3 months of training the average detection performance significantly increased in HRP (Z = -2.023, p < 0.05) and in 30° W/W perimetry (Z = -2.023, p < 0.05), but not in B/Y perimetry (Z = -1.214, p = 0.225) or in the 70° W/W perimetry, which included more peripheral, non-trained areas (Z = -0.406, p = 0.684). Visual improvements remained stable after the training-free interval. Measured by HRP after the second VRT period 3 patients achieved an increase in the ability to detect visual stimuli, however, this improvement did not reach significance (Z = -1.826, p = 0.068).

Conclusions: While a small patient sample does not permit general conclusions on visual field recovery after glaucoma, this pilot study suggests that visual field defects caused by retinal lesion may be improved by systematic vision stimulation. A larger sample, randomized clinical trial is now warranted.