bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VALUE OF ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION IN LEAD AVR IN PREDICTING LEFT MAIN AND OR 3-VESSEL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
Authors: Dieu Thanh Hung , Nguyen Anh Vu
Published: March 2020

Objects: We assessed the ability of ST-segment elevation in lead aVR to predict left main and/or 3-vessel disease (LM/3VD) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Meterial and Method: 410 patients with ACS, who underwent coronary angiography, were evaluated.
Results: 131 (31.9%) patients have been LM/3VD. ST segment elevation > 0.05 mV in leads aVR have been an independent predictor LM/3VD with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) 74.0%, 78.1%, 61.4% and 86.5%, respectively (p<0.001). ST segment elevation > 0.05 mV in leads aVR with ST segment depression in leads V4-V6 have related LM/3VD with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV 44.3%, 92.8%, 74.4% and 75.2%, respectively (p<0.001). ST segment elevation > 0.1 mV in leads aVR have related LM/3VD with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV 51.9%, 87.1%, 65.1% and 79.4%, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusions: ST segment elevation > 0.05 mV in leads aVR have been an independent predictor LM/3VD in patients with ACS.

Key words: Acute coronary syndromes, ST-segment elevation, aVR
Transcriptome analysis of Phytophthora infestans and Colletotrichum coccodes in tomato to reveal resistance mechanisms
Authors: Saidi Abbas , Hajibarat Zahra , Hajibarat Zohreh
Published: March 2020

Tomato is considered as an important commercial crop and protective food and it’s yield is extremely affected by different pathogens. Such harmful pathogens severely affecting tomato include Phytophthora infestans (oomycete) and Colletotrichum coccodes (fungi). In this study, gene expression analysis was performed using the microarray datasets available in the public database to investigate differentially expressed genes DEGs under developmental and anatomy conditions and consequently constructing the predicted PPI (Protein-protein interaction) network. Here, a comparison of abundances revealed that 51 genes were differentially expressed due to oomycete and fungi stresses in tomato. Expression analysis revealed that Solyc06g007510.3 was up-regulated whereas Solyc05g008850.3 was down-regulated in all developmental stages and anatomy conditions to manage auxin metabolism under fungi and oomycete infections in tomato. The gene ontology included cellular metabolic and organic substance metabolic processes, cellular biosynthetic, organic substance biosynthetic, and cellular macromolecule metabolic process, chloroplast, intracellular membrane-bounded organelle, heterocyclic compound binding, organic cyclic compound binding, ion binding, binding, and catalytic activity. Analysis of cis-elements illustrated that 12 most general cis-regulatory elements (CATT-box, TATA-box, MYB, MYC, ABRE, G-box, Box 4, AAGAA-motif, MBS, as-1, TGACG-motif, and CGTCA-motif) were identified in promoter region. The highest frequency of cis-elements included CATT-box and TATA-box in response to the pathogens at different growth stages in tomato. Our findings can provide a better insight to the regulatory mechanisms involved in response to fungi and oomycete infection in tomato which can aid to improve the efficiency of developing tomato varieties.
QUALITY AS A MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ACTIVITY AND ITS IMPACT ON COMPANY COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Stojmenović Gordana , Pavlović Miloš
Published: March 2020

The present time, as well as the period ahead, is a period of quality, and if it is to survive in the world of business, business system management and product development planning should focus on quality Developed countries based their development half a century ago on: quality of processes, products and services, which they still maintain today.Today, such a trend exists in underdeveloped countries. Numerous quality messages are regularly encountered in everyday life. Organizations and individuals through the media send messages that they are selling a product or providing a top quality service, and do not really know what the quality is and who is competent to evaluate the quality of a business system, process, product or service. The first modern quality concept, built on a methodological and scientific approach, was applied in Japan after the Second World War. Thanks to this concept of quality, by then, poor quality and cheap Japanese products were fast becoming in demand all over the world.
THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY: SOME EVIDENCES FROM ITALY AND SERBIA
Authors: Piccolo Rossana , Zaric Sinisa
Published: March 2020

Knowledge, over time, has assumed a central role in society. Today, in fact, it represents one of the main resources that can determine the competitive success of companies, facilitating the identification of a lasting "competitive advantage" (Calabi et al. 2015). First of all, it is necessary to make some clarifications, specifying what is meant by knowledge and then to understand what reality is. Knowledge and reality are linked and therefore cannot be separated. In fact, in order to know what reality is, we must know it and, therefore, know what knowledge is; moreover, individuals only want to know what is real (Lundvall, 2016). Consumer knowledge is and has been studied in a wide range of areas, in fact providing a synthetic definition of knowledge is not at all simple. The importance of knowledge in modern economies has found expression in the term "Knowledge Economy" (Tronti, 2015). The definition of Knowledge has taken on various interpretations. According to Davenport, knowledge "is a fluid combination of experience, values, contextual information and specialist expertise that provides a framework for the evaluation and assimilation of new experience and information. It originates and is applied through the connoisseurs. In organisations, knowledge is linked not only to documents, but also to organisational procedures and processes, practices and standards" (Davenport, Prusak, 2000, pp. 6-7). Knowledge is born from the interaction of more information between them and from the comparison with knowledge already acquired. Therefore, they are data organized and presented within a context. Depending on the degree of accessibility, knowledge can be divided into: Tacit and Explicit Knowledge (Fontana, Lorenzoni, 2004). The first typology can be explicit, defined as tacit because of the lack of incentives, while the second cannot be explicit, because it is tacit by nature (Cowan et al. 2000). Specifically, 'tacit knowledge' means all the knowledge that the human mind possesses and uses to guide actions and behaviours, but that it is not able to express, or can express with great effort, on particular occasions, and in any case in a nebulous and partial way (Marradi, 2003). It develops within the minds of individuals, in fact it is personal and as such is difficult to formalize and communicate. Explicit Knowledge, on the other hand, is objective and rational, in the sense that it is "codified", and can be expressed through a systematic language. The most important study on this difference was conducted by Polanyi, according to whom individuals know much more than they can relate and articulate. Knowledge, which can be expressed in words and numbers, represents only "the tip of the iceberg of the overall body of knowledge" (Polanyi, 1979). So if the tip of the iceberg is explicit knowledge, the body of the iceberg is tacit knowledge.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITION OF BULGARIAN BIOECONOMY AND POTENTIAL DIRECTIONS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nikolova -Alexieva Valentina , Alexieva Jordanka
Published: March 2020

The population of Europe and the world is constantly growing, and so does its need for food, more and more natural resources are exhausted, the environmental impact and the related climate change challenges are increasing. It is therefore essential to move to a new way of economic growth that is compatible with environmental protection and sustainable use of limited natural resources, while ensuring a much higher standard of living reducing poverty. The development and application of innovative biotechnology methods and processes in the agriculture, health, chemistry and energy sectors has recently been seen as one of the solutions to accelerate sustainable growth and development. By focusing more on scientific research and innovation, new products from biomass and new services needed for the development of the bioeconomy would be created, helping to reduce climate change, waste and create new jobs. According to the OECD, by 2055 the bioeconomy will be the key principle of development of the European economy. This means that the focus will be on production of renewable bio-resources in agriculture, forestry and aquaculture, and biomass will become the main source of industrial raw materials.The purpose of this Study is to evaluate the state and the potential of bioeconomy in Bulgaria, to take into account the best practices of the EU Member States and to present the conclusions and recommendations for the development of bioeconomy in Bulgaria and the innovation encouraging measures in this sector, to identify the areas of bioeconomy where the business cooperation between Bulgaria and other EU Member States has the greatest potential and to establish the measures for promotion of cooperation.Various research methods were used for the Study: general scientific abstraction, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, content analysis, statistical data analysis, econometric time series analysis, general equilibrium modelling, questionnaires, interviews, case studies and others.As the results the analysis of Bulgarian bioeconomy statistical indicators (gross value added, employment, labour productivity, turnover, exports, earnings and the number of economic entities in operation, including farms) was conducted according to the three first groups of activities attributable to bioeconomy - biomass production, fully bio-based manufacturing sectors and partly bio-based manufacturing sectors, and types of economic activities attributable thereto, which have also been referred to as subsectors in the Study.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREEN ECONOMY CONCEPT
Authors: Bichurova Iva , Yordanova-Dinova Petia
Published: March 2020

The paper outlines the leading theories and concepts in categorizing the concept of green economy. The idea of an environmental friendliness, competitive, green economy is interpreted as contributing to sustainable development and effectively use of resources. Green economy helps solving problems of the slowdown in economic growth and job losses, as well as the continued deterioration of environmental quality and ecosystem degradation. All this defines the green economy as an approach to achieving sustainable development. Economic growth measured by the size of the gross national / social product cannot continue to be used without the appearance of environmental problems. he green economy has become one of the pillars of major international and European strategies and is being considered as an approach leading to a structural transformation of the economy.The results of the Green Economy research distinguishnine strategic areas: sustainable consumption and production through responsible consumers and producers; knowledge society through information development and training; government to help adapting to new business realities; climate change and energy; sustainable transport and mobility; conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity and natural resources; public health and risk prevention with an emphasis on environmental quality; demography and migration and social inclusion; challenges in the field of sustainable development; global poverty reduction.The theme of green economy is more and more relevant for Bulgaria, it is constantly being discussed and there is an increasing awareness of the importance of this transition to a green economy, which is associated with the high price that a society has to pay. But this is the only way our generationto take care of the coming generations and thus conserve the planet's resources.
UNESCO LISTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE WORLD AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Majhoshev Darko , Koteski Cane
Published: March 2020

UNESCO was founded in 1946 as a UN specialized organization for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, whose main mission is to protect, promote and promote education, science and culture at the global level, ie to promote and respect human freedoms and rights. UNESCO has 195 member states and 8 associate members. UNESCO operates in five major programs: education, natural sciences, sociology, culture and communications. UNESCO, in its activities related to the protection of the world natural and cultural heritage, maintains separate Lists for specific areas. The most famous lists run by this organization are: World Heritage List; List of World Heritage in Danger; World Heritage List Nominations; List of UNESCO Global Geoparks; List of Creative Cities; List of Intangible Cultural Heritage; UNESCO Atlas of the Worlds Languages in Danger (Atlas Map). These lists are important for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, but they also have some impact on the sustainable development of tourism in the world. The Republic of Northern Macedonia, a member of UNESCO since 1993 with its natural beauties and cultural and historical heritage, is on some of the lists listed. The Ohrid region has been on the World Heritage List since 1979 and 1980 with its universal values, and in 2017 was nominated by the World Heritage Committee on the World Heritage List in danger of uncontrolled expansion. tourism, unplanned urban development and environmental destruction in the Ohrid region. The basic research question to be answered in the paper is "Are there natural or cultural heritage sites originating in the Republic of Northern Macedonia on the UNESCO Lists and does this affect the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage and the development of sustainable tourism?".
THE TRANSFORMATION FROM STUDENT COMPANY TO START UP COMPANY
Authors: Davidović Ranko
Published: March 2020

A student company is an educational program that allows students to be involved in the development and running of their own companies, with real products and services, and to manage their earned money during their high school education.In order to ensure the successful operation of their companies, students are encouraged to interact with the business sector, potential customers, institutions and the civil sector while promoting their work and community in a broader context than school. Through the Student Company program, in addition to gaining knowledge of the mechanisms by which business operates, students learn about the market economy and the benefits it brings.Although the basic idea of this program is to encourage entrepreneurial spirit and financial literacy, and the most important desired result of the program is to open the possibilities of self-employment and employability of young people, this program also contributes to the personal development of students.The word start-up is from the English language, becoming popular after the founding of a large number of dot-com companies in the West. The word itself means to initiate or start. Start-ups are mostly start-ups, that is, beginners in the business.Start up is a technology business that is innovative and can grow very quickly and a lot and into which, if they think it can succeed, everyone wants to invest money. You need to have the effect of making someone fascinated by your story. It depends on your performance. Why you, why you are better than others, what you want ... You have to be clear, short, fast, etc.Start up implies innovative technological entrepreneurship, and as a necessary feature includes "scalability", in translation: it has the potential to grow a lot in a short time. The aim of this paper is to explain in the short and simplest sentences the meanings and role of the Student Companies, as well as the Stat up companies, their similarities and differences.
BASEL III LIQUIDITY RISK AND KOSOVO BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Lajqi Hysen
Published: March 2020

The financial crisis 2007-2009 prompted the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) to intensify its efforts to strengthen the principles and standards for capital, as well as for the measurement and management of liquidity risk. Risk management is very important in the financial system, especially in banks. Among various risks Banks face is a liquidity risk it’s managing enables Banks to fulfil their obligationsBasel III consists of set of measures internally agreed. The implementation of Basel III will considerably increase the quality of banks' capital and significantly raise the required level of their capital. In addition, it will provide a "macro prudential overlay" to better deal with systemic risk.Like all Basel Committee standards, Basel III standards are minimum requirements which apply to internationally active banks. Members are committed to implementing and applying standards in their jurisdictions within the time frame established by the Committee.To ensure that banks have sufficient liquidity to survive potential liquidity shocks, as happened few years ago, the Basel Committee has issued two new globally revised minimum standards under the Basel III rules for the first time in the banking history: LCR – Liquidity Coverage Ratio and NSFR – Net Stable Funding Ratio that contain new requirements for bank capital, as well as standardized rules in the liquidity area.Banks need to fully comply with LCR and NSFR rules by January 1, 2019, according to the Capital Requirements Directive & Capital Requirements Regulation (CRD IV & CRR) rules.Basel III rules, in the European Union attain their applicable judicial form through REGULATION (EU) No 575/2013. The regulatory package is due to enter into force on January 1st, 2014, but some provisions will be implemented gradually between 2014 and 2019 and will fully come into force on January 1st, 2019. But these rules are likely to undergo some revisions due to a proposal by European Union (EU), so implementation horizon could go being beyond 2019.Performance of the Kosovo banking sector continued to be positive, thus contributing in maintaining the financial and economic stability of the country. Kosovo’s financial system continues to be characterized with sustainable increase in all its constituent sectors. The banking sector in Kosovo as most successful story is developed by many international institutions, characterized by a large presence of foreign capital, where 89. 2% of all assets are managed by foreign banks and development is based on international standards.Banking sector continued to have good liquidity position, with the main liquidity indicators standing above the minimal level as a required by the regulation.The implementation of Basel III rules in Kosovo related to liquidity depends on the local regulator and Basel III standards.
KRIVOLAK BATTLE- EXAMPLE OF A SENSELESS HUMAN TRAGEDY
Authors: Cackov Oliver
Published: March 2020

In this paper the battle of Krivolak is presented as an example of a senseless human tragedy that took place during the First World War and took place in central Macedonia. This battle showed all the nonsense, absurdity and futile tragedy of the participants in it. It outlines the schedule and military operations of the Bulgarian and French troops, enriched with geographical and topographical data. Also it points to the unbearable position in which soldiers from both sides found themselves, the cruel discipline and the specific and psychologically condition of the long-suffering in the shades. In the paper there is also a point about the complete eviction of the surrounding villages, some of which were completely destroyed. During this period the population was not spared not only by the military events but also by the many diseases that mercilessly decimated it. The subject refers only to one episode of the war in this part of the Macedonian front which I think will turn it around the attention.
CRITERIA AND APPROACHES FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF AIRSPACE OF THE MEMBER STATES OF EUROCONTROL BY MILITARY AIRCRAFTS
Authors: Stanev Hristo
Published: March 2020

Sustainable development of civil aviation is associated with the end of the block confrontation between East and West, which is directly related to the reduced use of military aviation. The modern military aircrafts are engaged in international air traffic in strict compliance with the requirements of each member state of the EU and Eurocontrol. Ensuring enough freedom to fly through the airspace of European countries depends on the equipment of the military aircrafts, the available military air traffic management infrastructure, the adopted rules and procedures for flight operations, and the training of the pilot and navigational staff. By providing adequate freedom to use airspace creates prerequisites for successful implementation of tasks in overcoming the consequences of disasters, accidents and catastrophes.With the use of area navigation and implementation of new airspace structures was put into action the concept proposed by Eurocontrol - the Concept of Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA). Combined with facilitating access to the aeronautical information of member states of Eurocontrol, opportunities are being created to conduct research into the use of airspace by military aircrafts. Through comparative study may identify best practices to inspire the creation of conditions for improving the interaction between civil air traffic service units and controlling military units in coordinating the use of airspace by military aircrafts.This study proposes criteria and approaches to assess the possibilities of using the airspace of member states of Eurocontrol by military aircrafts. Based on the results obtained, recommendations can be made to improve the legislation in determining the conditions for use of the national airspace by military aircrafts. The analysis stands conclusion that there are conditions to improve the possibilities of using the airspace of Bulgaria by military aircraft.
FACTORS AND CAUSES AFFECTING THE DIVORCE OF THE PARENTS MARRIAGE
Authors: Rakaj Bashkim
Published: March 2020

Divorce is the resolution of marriages, separation, and intermarriage. Divorce should be the last option of married partners, especially in cases where the parents, but marriage without proper relationships, would only damage the education of the children. There are a large number of factors, which can lead to a divorce of partners, although one can be difficult to identify. In some cases, partners develop a divorce, in some other cases an understanding of other effects, in some cases a small economic situation, and in other cases, the cause of the marriage is the violence caused by the partner. The purpose of the study is to identify the main causes of divorce leading to divorce, as well as to act as a divorce for a parent's spouse. In this study, through the empirical study, the cases of divorce of the spouse of the parents in the Municipality of Prizren were examined and compared, in the period 2017-2018.Based on the results, it was found that 38.8% were divorced from domestic violence, 14.9% because of adultery, 28.4% due to inconsistency, other reasons, and other reasons.
UNDERSTANDING STIGMA – THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL APPROACHES
Authors: Budjeva Rumiana
Published: March 2020

Stigma is a powerful tool for social control. It can be used to differentiate, exclude or exert pressure on certain individuals or groups of people who have certain characteristics. Stigma does great harm to both the individual and society as a whole. The main objective of stigma is to maintain visible the negative qualities of the individual in order to place them in a disadvantaged position and lasting social and psychological isolation. However, stigma goes beyond the level of the individual and becomes a social problem when it affects wider categories of people. The main purpose of the report is to seek adequate scientific approaches and methods to understanding and study of the phenomenon social stigma. Stigmatized people are often subject to rejection and social exclusion. In its extreme forms stigma turns into discrimination which directly violates their civil and human rights. Stigma and discrimination, seen as violations of fundamental human rights, can occur at different levels: political, economic, social, psychological and institutional. As social processes through which social control is created and maintained, generating, legitimizing and reproducing social inequality, stigma and discrimination are at the heart of the vicious circle in which some groups of people are underestimated and others feel superior and untouchable. To illustrate the process of stigmatization, we will use the example of people living with HIV / AIDS. Theory of stigmatization plays an important explanatory role in the experience of a comprehensive understanding of the social relations of phenomena such as HIV / AIDS. The deep understanding of the mechanisms by which stigma and discriminatory attitudes affect the overall life of people living with HIV / AIDS will help us not only to treat adequate them, but to form a workable and effective action against the spread of the disease. From the moment when scientists are confronted with HIV and AIDS, the social response to fear, denial, stigma and discrimination has accompanied the epidemic. It can be said that HIV and AIDS are more of a social phenomenon than a pure biological or medical problem. It leads to an unfounded sense of shame and guilt and a sense of futility. Stigma incites depression and despair, causes lack of self-esteem. It pushes people to mental and social isolation and deprives them of support and care, increasing their vulnerability. In this way, stigma exacerbates the negative impact of the disease and increases the risk of its spread.
MANAGEMENT FUNCTION OF SUPPRESING MOBBING
Authors: Mutatović Šaban , Paunović Nina , Šmelcerović Miodrag
Published: March 2020

This paper deals with emotional and physical abuse by co-workers or subordinates, as well as negative effects it might have on the personnel and the company performance. We also want to emphasise the role of management in its eliminating and suppressing. The first part explains the terms and the ideas of management and mobbing, including the functions and different levels of management, as well as different kinds of mobbing. The second part deals with the impact mobbing has on workers and business activities, the responsibility of management on suppressing physical and psychical abuse at workplace as well as creating positive working environment. n the last twenty years, workplace abuse has become a particularly significant problem. The first extensive study of this phenomenon was conducted in Sweden under the leadership of Heinz Leymann, who also defined mobbing as psychological terror in the workplace, which refers to unethical and hostile communication by one and / or more persons to the most commonly one person who becomes helpless and unable Defense. Such activities take place at least once a week for at least six months leading to mental and social disorders. It is believed that this problem is on the rise in almost all countries of the European Union and the world, and for this reason laws are being adopted addressing the issue of mobbing both at the national and European Union levels. In addition, numerous associations have been set up worldwide to prevent workplace abuse.
THE GREEN IDEA IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Authors: Bichurova Iva , Yordanova-Dinova Petia
Published: March 2020

Alternative forms of tourism are increasingly recognized as key to sustainable development. The reasons for this are that, contrary to mass tourism with its negative impact on the visited areas, alternative tourism causes a form of balanced growth, in harmony with the environment and in socio-cultural terms. The development of tourism in a sustainable way is relatedto the implementation of an innovative strategy by touristic organizations. The advantage of tourist resources is that they can be reused without compromising their quality, provided, however, that no actions are taken to destroy or change them irrevocably. The biggest guidance for strengthening tourism is the ability of managers to formulate a strategy for achieving competitive advantage for their organizations. The goals of sustainable touristic development are economic viability, local prosperity, quality of employment, social equality, visitor satisfaction, local control, social well-being, cultural wealth, physical integrity, biodiversity, efficient use of resources, cleanliness of the environment. In this respect, the cluster model of organization and coordination of tourism activity is a prerequisite for economic and social efficiency, especially for the development of touristic destinations in local settlements and resorts, in combination with various public authorities and especially between private companies and enterprises.Whatever the environment of the region, care must be taken to preserve it for future generations. Today's world is very dynamic and change is intangible. The purpose of adaptation is not to destroy the principles of sustainability. If they, as well as the adoption of adequate policies, remain unused, then tourism tourism will be to the detriment of the environment.
INDEPENDENCE OF DOCTORS IN PROVIDING MEDICAL ASSISTANCE TO PERSONS DEPRIVED FROM LIBERTY
Authors: Spasov Svetlozar
Published: March 2020

Building an effective healthcare system and providing quality patient care is a main priority for the international community and European countries. Achieving this priority requires active behavior on the part of all actors in the health care system - state and municipal authorities, health care providers, medical professionals, and taking adequate and appropriate measures. Part of these measures should be aimed at improving access to medical care for all citizens, overcoming health inequalities between social groups, and ensuring an appropriate environment in which doctors can effectively exercise their professional rights. In this sense, guaranteeing the right to independence of doctors and their right to personal freedom in providing medical assistance and medical care to patients is an extremely important obligation for any rule of law and democracy governed countries. This situation is conditioned by the fact that the full realization of the professional rights of doctors is one of the basic prerequisites for the delivery of quality medical care and for the protection of patients' health rights. The exceptional importance of the right to the independence of doctors and their right to personal professional freedom has been recognized in a number of international universal and regional instruments and in the domestic law of European countries. When providing health care under normal conditions, healthcare professionals do not have the serious difficulty of being independent and to make their own decisions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of patients. However, this is not the case in prisons and arrest, where the activities of doctors, their independence and professional freedom are in practice limited by the adopted structural models and the normatively established organizational rules. Admitting this trend is unacceptable. It has a negative impact, on the one hand, on the ability of doctors to pursue their profession, guided solely by their conscience and the rules of medical ethics, and, on the other, on the effective exercise of the right to health and the related health rights of persons deprived from liberty. Last but not least, limiting the independence of physicians in the provision of medical care to persons deprived from liberty has implications for the physician-patient relationship that should be built on the basis of mutual trust, respect and cooperation. This article will look at international standards that guarantee the right to independence of doctors, their manifestation in the practice of medical care in prisons and in arrest, and the factors that lead to the limitation of that right.
РОЛЬ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ДЕСТИНАЦІЇ ДЛЯ РОЗВИТКУ ГАСТРОНОМІЧНОГО БРЕНДУ
Authors: Дичковський Степан
Published: March 2020

Розглядається гастрономічний бренд, який надає можливість оживити і диверсифікувати культурний туризм, оскільки він одночасно втілює в собі традиційні цінності і нові тенденції в сучасному суспільстві, а саме повага до місцевої культури, здорового способу життя, автентичності, стійкості. Охарактеризовано роль туристичної дестинації у виборі напряму поїздки, що приведе до зростання на туристському ринку гастрономічних пропозицій, які засновані на локальних продуктах високої якості.
РОЛЬ ЗАСОБІВ МАСОВОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ ТА КОМУНІКАЦІЇ У СТАНОВЛЕННІ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ АКАДЕМІЧНОЇ МУЗИКИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Обух Людмила
Published: March 2020

Наведено огляд публікацій, дотичних обраній тематиці. Роль ЗМІ у менеджменті академічної музики розглянуто крізь призму ключових культурних індустрій, які мають справу з індустріальним виробництвом та розповсюдженням текстів (широкого мовлення, друку, інтернету). Описано їх безпосередню комунікацію завдяки єдиному в Україні спеціалізованому журналу «Музика», національному радіо та телевізійному каналу «Культура» і їх розміщенню в соціальних мережах. Визначено, що для становлення менеджменту академічного музичного мистецтва в Україні засоби масової інформації та комунікації відіграють роль іміджмейкера та лобіста, тобто є ефективним засобом піару та промоушину високого культурного продукту.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТЕАТРАЛЬНО-КРИТИЧНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В УКРАЇНІ 1920-х РОКІВ
Authors: Собіянський Віктор
Published: March 2020

Досліджуються закономірності розвитку театральної критики на тлі культурно-мистецького процесу та складних суспільно-політичних реалій 1920-х років. В Україні у першій пол. 1920-х рр. мав місце спонтанний вихід багатьох нових видань, для яких характерна несистематична поява, короткотривалість існування та нечітка редакційна політика. На відміну від політизованої преси ІІ пол. 1920-х рр. періодика І пол. 1920-х рр. не завжди відповідала ідеологічним настановам влади. Це обумовлено ситуацією у країні, невпорядкованою системою друку та, відповідно, відносною свободою слова. Зосереджено увагу на зміні мистецьких орієнтирів, вагомості та професійному стані театральної критики ІІ пол. 1920-х рр. у порівнянні з попереднім періодом. Адже саме тоді відбувається активізація представників різних поколінь театральних критиків.
UTILIZAÇÃO DA NATUREZA EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DE PROTEÇÃO INTEGRAL: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O PARQUE ESTADUAL DE VILA VELHA, PARANÁ
Authors: Franco Alexsande De Oliveira , Folmann Ana Cláudia
Published: March 2020

As Unidades de Conservação (UC) de Proteção Integral são uma modalidade de áreas protegidas de forma legal onde os recursos ou a natureza devem ser utilizados o mínimo, apenas 5%, com atividades de pesquisa e turismo. No entanto muitas das UCs mencionadas enfrentam problemas como má utilização da natureza ocasionando diferentes impactos ambientais e pressão ambiental. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo abordar a forma como a natureza é utilizada em Unidades de Conservação de Proteção Integral, especialmente no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, localizado no município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Para tanto, utilizou-se alguns procedimentos como construção de referencial bibliográfico, documental e visita in loco com observações diretas e coleta de informações relevantes. O respectivo parque possui relevância, seja por suas formações geológicas, seja pela proteção da fauna e flora da região, além de ser um grande atrativo turístico.
FLORESTAS CULTURAIS: UMA LEGÍTIMA CONCILIAÇÃO ENTRE HOMEM E NATUREZA
Authors: Thevenin Talita Benaion Bezerra , Thevenin Julien Marius Reis
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relevância dos povos tradicionais em sua relação com a natureza, destacando os seus saberes ambientais e a sustentabilidade de suas práticas, haja vista a necessária inversão das práticas degradantes de uso do solo, baseadas em monoculturas extensivas e no agronegócio. Para tal, buscou-se a priori destacar os instrumentos legais de reconhecimento e garantias aos povos tradicionais, bem como elucidar as florestas culturais como promotoras da conservação dos recursos naturais e os conhecimentos tradicionais desses povos por meio da etnociência. Neste sentido, destacam-se as práticas de manejo sustentáveis, notadamente os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAF), que se mostram como uma alternativa sustentável de produção, além de estimular o resgate e a reconciliação do homem com a natureza que o cerca.
Karol Dobrzeniecki, Prawo wobec sytuacji nadzwyczajnej. Między legalizmem a koniecznością, Toruń 2018. Recenzja
Authors: Barut Arkadiusz
Published: March 2020

The subject of the review is a monograph by Karol Dobrzeniecki “Law on emergency situations. Between legalism and necessity” (Toruń 2018). According to the reviewer, the nature of the work determines the distinction between an emergency situation, that is, a factual state requiring action not provided for by law and a state of emergency, i.e. a legal institution. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the relationship between the recognition of an exceptional situation only in legal terms, and its approach as a political and moral issue. The work has interdisciplinary character. Karol Dobrzeniecki, analyzing jurisprudence, political philosophical, doctrine of constitutional law, as well as constitutional, international and supranational legal regulations, points out the danger of legal "normalization" of a state of emergency, that is, the penetration of its specific solutions into the law intended for the ordinary situation, and hence blurring of the distinction between ordinary and exceptional situations. The author of the reviewed monograph believes that the exceptional situation should be assessed primarily in moral and political categories, being aware of the tragic nature of the choices made at the time.
Rozumowanie prawnicze jako rozumowanie praktyczne w świetle nowej teorii prawa naturalnego Johna M. Finnisa
Authors: Sopiński Michał
Published: March 2020

This paper presents practical reasoning in the light of John M. Finnis’ new natural law theory. Finnis’ views were shaped by Aquinas’ thoughts on natural law but he was also strongly inspired by Germain Grisez’ new approach, so his theory could be named a new natural law theory. The aim of this paper is to analyse the concept of legal reasoning as practical reasoning, which Finnis intended mainly as a strong critique of Ronald Dworkin’s theory of legal reasoning based on the concept of the one right answer. According to the author of this paper, Finnis’ critical approach to Dworkin leads to a gradual extension of the former’s concept of legal reasoning to include positivistic aspects (rapprochement with Joseph Raz’ views) and institutional aspects (rapprochement with Neil MacCormick’s views). Therefore, Finnis’ theory of legal reasoning seems to be a model example of the rapprochement between natural law and legal positivism in contemporary philosophy of law.
Dampak investasi sektor pertambangan hulu migas terhadap nilai tambah bruto penyerapan tenaga kerja dan import content di Indonesia
Authors: Effendy Nazorry
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to provide an important point of view on the impact of investment in the upstream oil and gas mining sector on gross added value (business surplus, wages, depreciation, and indirect taxes), transportation of labor, and imports. Research data were collected through external sources and synthesized with critical analysis to explain the linkages of the Indonesian mining investment sector. In general, the results of the study show that investment in the upstream oil and gas mining sector has a positive impact on the gross added value of its components (business surplus, wages, and revenues, depreciation, indirect taxes), employment search, and content import. Implications and suggestions are explained in this paper.
Pengaruh kualitas layanan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan dengan kepuasan pelanggan sebagai variabel intervening
Authors: Zahara Rita
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine whether the direct effect of service quality on loyalty and indirect influence through customer satisfaction. This type of research is a quantitative associative that discusses the influence of service quality on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The object of research is the users of Gojek service applications during the period of October 2018 to August 2019. The path analysis technique is used to test the hypothesis. The results showed that service quality has an influence on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, but satisfaction does not significantly affect loyalty so that the indirect relationship between quality and loyalty through customer satisfaction cannot be verified. Implications and suggestions are explained in the article.
A STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AWARENESS AMONGST YOUNGSTERS OF MUMBAI
Authors: Lad Dr. Devdatta , Chauhan Mr. Rustam , Gole Ms. Pooja
Published: March 2020

Solid waste management is the collection, treatment, and disposal of solid materials that are discarded by purpose or no longer useful. Improper disposal of solid waste result in unsanitary conditions which lead to pollution and spreads various infections and diseases. Solid waste management is one of the major challenges faced by many countries around the globe. Inadequate collection, recycling or treatment and uncontrolled disposal of waste in dumps can lead to severe hazards, such as health risks and environmental pollution. The present research survey clearly indicates that most of the youngsters are aware about the problem of the Solid waste management. They are also aware about the various soil and air pollution problems that arise due to the solid waste. The young generation clearly stated that because of the landfills there are serious health issues among the people that reside in the nearby areas. They know about the 3R philosophy, dry and wet waste, cutting down the production of the solid waste is the solution on this aggravating problem, ban on plastic is important and segregation of non biodegradable and biodegradable waste has to be done. Many young participants are unhappy with the mode of working of the Municipal corporation in the city with respect to solid waste management. About 86 % participants know about the Swachha Bharat Abhiyan and are willing to participate in such cleanliness campaign. The positive aspect of this study is that the youngsters are completely sensitized about the problems and issues related to Solid waste management. They are also ready to help and overcome such problems that are going to hamper the nature in the future. Indian Government must use such a sensitized workforce and must try to control the increasing problem of solid waste.

KEYWORDS: - solid waste, 3Rs, plastic bags, dry waste, wet waste, soil pollution.
Prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients in a primary care setting in Malaysia
Authors: Ng Jun-Ming , Kua Kok Pim , Lee Shaun Wen Huey
Published: March 2020

Aims: This study aims to describe the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications and short term outcomes of these patients, defined as repeat blood pressure measurements by a medical professional within 6 months, in a primary care facility in Puchong, located within the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of patients with essential hypertension, aged 18 and above, with blood pressure recorded at least twice within a 6-month period in an urban primary care clinic in Malaysia. Patients with history of co-morbidities were excluded. The prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications and proportion of patients who achieved blood pressure control of less than 140/90 mmHg were ascertained. Results: A total of 200 prescriptions were analysed, including 52.5% females taking a mean of 1.7 (0.7) antihypertensive medications with a mean age of 57.9 (12.4) years. Most of the patients were prescribed either a single medication (n=90, 45.0%) or two medications (n=90; 45.0%) to control their blood pressure. Only 20 patients (10.0%) were prescribed three antihypertensive medications. A total of 127 (63.5%) patients met the blood pressure target of less than 140/90 mmHg. All participants exhibited a significant drop in systolic blood pressure, reducing from 143.0 (16.0) mmHg at baseline to 135.3 (14.8) mmHg at the end of 6 months (p<0.001). Diastolic blood pressure also decreased significantly from 83.5 (11.7) mmHg at baseline to 79.0 (10.2) mmHg at the end of 6 months (p<0.001). The choice of antihypertensive medications by the prescribers was compliant with the hypertension guidelines of Malaysia. Conclusion: The most commonly prescribed antihypertensive class was calcium channel blockers. Significant reduction in blood pressure was observed in patients from baseline to the follow-up visit. Further research of larger sample size and longer monitoring period is necessary to provide more robust epidemiology and drug utilisation data.
Interval Delimitation of Mean Line of Geographical Phenomena from a Set of Polygons: Case Study of Mental Maps for Haná Region
Authors: Janoška Zbyněk , Voženílek Vít , Tuček Pavel
Published: March 2020

The paper proposes an innovative method for estimation of mean border from a set of polygons. This method is based on statistical estimation of mean line using distribution of distances at given directions. Confidence intervals for mean line are calculated, which allows to incorporate uncertainty into the analysis. Compared with currently used methods, the proposed procedure offers an objective statistical evaluation of data, it enables analyst to include his/her expert knowledge into the estimation process and enables statistical testing of hypotheses. Confidence intervals can be used to evaluate variability in different directions. Performance of method is demonstrated on both experimental and real data representing mental maps of ethnographic region Haná. The results with experimental data are very promising, since these data are generated by a well-known process. The results with real data are comparable with those, reported by previously published studies.
Factors associated with leg cleanliness of smallholder dairy cows in Kenya
Authors: Kimeli Peter , Dennis Makau  , John Van Leeuwen  , George Gitau  , Joan Muraya  , Shawn McKenna  , Luke Heider
Published: March 2020

Dairy cow cleanliness provides information about animal welfare, along with risk of diseases and quality of housing environments. This study determined animal- and farm-level factors associated with upper hind leg cleanliness in smallholder dairy cows. All lactating cows (n=234) on 118 randomly selected zero-grazing fams participated in this cross-sectional study between May to August 2015 in the Naari area of Meru County, Kenya. Cleanliness scores of hind legs were assessed visually on a 1-4 ordinal scale (clean to very soiled). Potential risk factors for poor leg cleanliness were evaluated by inspection of cows and their housing, along with a questionnaire about herd management. Descriptive statistics, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine factors associated with soiled legs (cleanliness score>2) in the analyses. Prevalence of soiled legs was 59.0% (137/234). In the final model, factors positively associated with soiled legs included failure of the knee wetness test on the stall floor (OR=11.2; 95%CI: 5.1, 24.7), animal restlessness in the stall (OR=4.9; 95%CI: 1.8, 13.5), and milk production in kg/cow/day (OR=1.09; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.16). Protective factors for soiled legs included having stalls without excessive space (OR=0.25; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.57), and having an intact stall roof (OR=0.34; 95%CI; 0.15, 0.76). Our results suggest that farmers should address both housing design (especially the roof and stall size) and management issues (especially stall cleanliness) to enhance leg cleanliness and animal welfare.