bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Etiologies and Antibiotic Sensitivities in Acute and Chronic Dacryocystitis: A Western U.P. Perspective
Authors: Rizvi Sara , Mehrotra Neelima , Mishra Amrita Bajpai , Gupta Neelam , Singh Sakshi , Batra Ria
Published: September 2023

The current study aimed to assess and compare the bacteriological spectrum of acute and chronic dacryocystitis and the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of the causative pathogens to commonly used antimicrobials. This was a prospective observational study. Cases of dacryocystitis were categorized as acute or chronic, based on clinical features. Specimens were obtained by sterile cotton swabs from the lower conjunctival fornix and from the puncta by applying pressure over the lacrimal sac area or by performing lacrimal syringing. Specimens were inoculated on appropriate culture media and incubated at 37ºC for 24-48 hours. Bacterial species were identified based on colony morphology and standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing was assessed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique using Mueller Hinton agar following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Out of 50 patients, 37 (74%) had chronic dacryocystitis and 13 (26%) had acute dacryocystitis. 35 bacterial species were recovered. Gram-positive organisms were the most isolated organisms i.e., 27 out of 35 (77.2%). In chronic dacryocystitis, the predominant bacterial species were Staphylococcus epidermidis (36%). In acute dacryocystitis, the predominant bacterial species were Staphylococcus aureus (40%). Against gram-positive organisms, Vancomycin and Linezolid were most effective (100%). Against gram-negative bacterial species, Amikacin was most effective (100%). High prevalence rate of antibiotic resistance was found, with 40% of the total bacterial species resistant to 5 or more antibiotics. The alarming rate of multi-drug resistance underscores the imperative need for tailored antibiotic strategies and continuous monitoring. Evidence based antibiotic therapy may also help to prevent failures of DCR, progression to chronicity and antibiotic resistance.
Characterization and Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Species from Various Clinical Samples in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Warghade Aditi Pradeep , Mudey Gargi , Meshram Supriya , Kombe Swati , Shaw Dipika
Published: September 2023

Fungi infections are becoming more prevalent and burdensome on a global scale leading to an important concern for immunocompromised patients. Hospitals often become infected with serious, invasive Candida infections. Higher frequency of Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species are found in the hospital setting, and some of these fungi can become opportunistic. Pathogens after a change in the host environment trigger them to move from a commensal to a pathogenic phase. Various clinical symptoms of Candida species, which are common human commensals, range from mucocutaneous overgrowth to bloodstream infections. In many hospitals, phenotypic methods are still considered the gold standard method for identification. Among the 112 isolates, Candida albicans (n=47; 52.64%) was noted as a significant etiology isolated from clinical samples. Further, C. albicans accounted the principal etiology in urine (n=28; 31.36%), and vaginal swab (n=13; 14.56%), followed by C. tropicalis (urine: n=15; 16.8% and vaginal swab: n=5; 5.6%). In blood C. pelliculosa (n=14; 15.68%) was found to be predominant followed by C. tropicalis (n=11; 12.32%). Antifungal susceptibility pattern was performed for (n=51) samples by VITEK AST and 100% susceptibility (voriconazole, and micafungin) was recorded in C. tropicalis and C. albicans. Whereas, fluconazole resistance was observed in C. tropicalis (n=3; 15%), and C. pelliculosa (n=1; 11.11%) and amphotericin B resistance in C. tropicalis (n=1; 5%) and C. albicans (n=1; 9.1%).
Hepatitis C Virus Genotyping from anti-HCV Negative Sera in Blood Donors
Authors: Nurtjahyani Supiana Dian , Handajani Retno
Published: September 2023

HCV transmission is commonly derived from blood transfusions. Some different aspects, such as location, infection prevalence, and genotype distribution, may affect the occurrence of HCV in blood donors. The blood donors have already been screened regularly for their anti-HCV serology, yet the test for HCV RNA has not been done yet. In this study, we aim to investigate the manifestation of HCV in Tuban by detecting HCV RNA from sera negative for HCV antibodies in blood donors. The blood donors from Tuban Red Cross Indonesia were recruited for a questionnaire interview and testing for HCV antibodies and HCV nucleic acids. Anti-HCV was serologically detected using ELISA. Nested PCR was used to amplify HCV-RNA in the NS5B and 5’UTR regions. The genotype or subtype of HCV is determined by direct sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. A total of 100 blood samples were collected. The HCV RNA positive rate was 6% in sera-negative anti-HCV blood samples. Furthermore, the genotyping resulted in 4 samples being dominantly HCV subtype 1c (66,67%); the other 2 samples were subtype 2a and type 1 (each counted as 1 individual, 16.67%, respectively). The serological test for HCV antibodies has been shown to be less sensitive than the nucleic acid amplification test. The detection of genotype 1c as a major HCV genotype circulating in the Tuban area may help to anticipate HCV transmissions and facilitate better medical treatment with respect to HCV carriers.
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC); An Eco Friendly Building Material: A Brief Study
Authors: Chougule Prashant
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is an eco-friendly building material. It is a product of fly ash which is mixed with lime, cement, aluminum powder and water in a certain proportion. The use of fly ash, a waste product collected from coal based thermal power plant can be consumed as a significant resource as building material. AAC is a best option for traditional red clay brick and cement brick. It is useful in residential, commercial and industrial construction projects. In this study, the review covers the study about AAC concrete blocks, advantages and its importance, AAC block manufacturing and its potential use as green construction material.
Java Collections Framework and Their Applications in Software Development
Authors: Khan Sadik
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Incorporating a variety of classes and interfaces, the Java Collections Framework provides a centralized and efficient means of managing and manipulating collections of objects within the Java programming language. In pursuit of thoroughly investigating the expansive array of data structures and algorithms housed within the Java Collections Framework, we craft this thoroughly researched paper. Accessing official records, scholarly works, and real-world instances, researchers employ a comprehensive approach. In software development, the Java Collections Framework (JCF) is a valuable resource for efficiently managing and manipulating collections of data. It offers a set of well-designed classes and interfaces that simplify the process. The research outcome suggests that the Java Collections Framework is an effective toolset for application developers to manage data with efficiency and accuracy.
Estimation of Transverse Shear Stresses across the Thickness of Three-Layered Orthotropic Sandwich Plates Using ABAQUS
Authors: Shiyekar S M
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This paper primarily focuses on presenting the results obtained through ABAQUS Finite Element Modelling (FEM) tool. These findings have been subjected to a comparative analysis with both the 3D exact elasticity solutions and the partial FEM solutions. Notably, the ABAQUS results, as described in reference demonstrate a remarkable level of accuracy, particularly in relation to transverse shear stresses. It is crucial to underscore that the principal objective of this research revolves around the precise determination of transverse shear stresses, as these have been identified as potential contributors to delamination within the studied structures. It can be asserted that the objectives, cantered on the accurate computation of transverse shear stresses, have been successfully achieved through the implementation of ABAQUS Finite Element modelling.
ANALISIS KEBAHAGIAAN PETERNAK SAPI PERAH DI KECAMATAN JABUNG KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Fahmi Amrul , Sutawi  , Khotimah Khusnul
Published: September 2023

Indonesia memiliki prospek pengembangan industri Sapi Perah yang reatif besar dengan melihat permintaan potensial susu oleh penduduknya. Pemerintah harus dapat meningkatkan jumlah populasi ternak Sapi Perah untuk memenuhi kebutuan susu nasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan peternak Sapi Perah di Kecamatan Jabung Kabupaten Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menyebarkan kuesioner, data primer dengan observasi wawancara terhadap responden dan data sekunder dengan pengumpulan dari jurnal, skripsi, buku, blog dan lain-lain. Hasil penelitian ini adalah peternak Sapi Perah di Kecamatan Jabung puas (Bahagia) terhadap kehidupannya saat ini yang telah dinalisa menggunakan indeks kebahagiaan dari berbagai dimeni, sub dimensi yang memilik 19 indikator. Masing-masing dimensi indeks kebahagiaan adalah (1) Indeks Kepuasan Hidup sebesar 7,19 (Bahagia), terdiri dari Kepuasan Kehidupan Pribadi. Indeks 7,04 (Bahagia) dan Indeks Kepuasan Kehidupan Sosial sebesar 7,35 (Bahagia); (2) Indeks Afeksi 5,59 (Bahagia); dan (3) Indeks Eudaimonia 6,99 (Bahagia). Menghasilkan Happiness Index sebesar 6,62 dantergolong “Bahagia. Peternak Sapi Perah yang memiliki interaksi dan hubungan yang harmonis dengan sesama serta kesehatan yang sangat baik karena itu skala skor kepuasan petani untuk 3 indikator diklasifikasikan sebagai puas atau bahagia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Peternak Sapi Perah di Kecamatan Jabung Kabupaten Malang mengalami Happiness Index sebesar 6,62 dan tergolong “Bahagia”.
cambiante localización de la población mayor en las áreas metropolitanas de Barcelona y Madrid. Análisis comparativo de tendencias espaciales
Authors: Gil-Alonso Fernando , Sanz López-Menchero Laia , Pujadas Rúbies Isabel
Published: September 2023

El artículo pretende contribuir a una mejor planificación futura de los recursos asistenciales y de cuidados para un grupo con potencial vulnerabilidad, las personas mayores, mediante el análisis de la evolución (1998-2021) de sus pautas de localización espacial en las dos mayores áreas urbanas de España. Los datos de stock para municipios y distritos del Padrón continuo (INE), muestran que es una población creciente, pero está reduciendo sus elevados niveles de segregación (mayores en Madrid que en Barcelona). Si en 1998 había mayor concentración de la población mayor en las dos grandes ciudades y estructuras más jóvenes en las periferias suburbanas, estos patrones de localización están cambiando por el envejecimiento de las generaciones del baby boom, protagonistas del gran crecimiento de la población de los municipios periféricos. Este creciente volumen y extensión geográfica de la población mayor en ambas metrópolis, plantea un reto político mayúsculo: la provisión de apoyo y cuidados.
Educação Baseada em Competências e o Ensino da bioética num curso técnico de radiologia médica
Authors: BORGES T. R. , BARRETO Maria Auxiliadora Motta
Published: September 2023

Currently, an ethical perspective in professional training is essential. In health courses, a fundamental aspect is the learning of bioethics, a perspective that critically analyzes problem situations and socio-scientific themes through an interdisciplinary perspective. This field of knowledge is related to that proposed by a Common National Curricular Base (BNCC) in the area of Natural Sciences and its Technologies. The objective of this work, the result of a master's dissertation, was to apply a didactic sequence in the discipline “Ethics” of a technical course in the health area with the intention of facilitating the teaching of bioethics together with the development of the transversal competence of ethics, for through Competency-Based Education (EBC). The design consisted of a descriptive case study. The target audience was composed of 32 students, from the 1st module of a radiology technical course from a private institution located in the interior of the State of São Paulo. The results showed that the didactic sequence facilitated the teaching of bioethics and helped in the development of ethics as a transversal competence. Greater scientific literacy of students was perceived, a greater understanding of interdisciplinarity in this field of saber, the development of different behavioral skills and criticality and awareness in self-assessments. It is concluded that the teaching of bioethics through EBC can assist in ethical training and stimulate transversal resources in students.
Dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais aos Temas Contemporâneos Transversais: o ensino de sexualidade sob o domínio da “Escola Sem Partido”
Authors: MARINS I. , OLIVEIRA R. R. , PEREIRA Marcus Vinicius
Published: September 2023

The present article has as its objects of study the National Curricular Parameters (PCNs) and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) concerning the curricular problematization of content on sexuality, how sexuality presents in the PCNs, what advances or setbacks the theme suffered after the enactment of the BNCC. The article also aims to investigate the posture of the Escola Sem Partido movement and its action in the fight against gender and sexual diversity issues in the approval of the National Curricular Common Base. The methodology used in the present study consisted of qualitative research through bibliographic and documental analysis, using the National Curriculum Parameters, the National Curricular Common Base, and the Transversal Contemporary Themes (TCT's) as a research reference. Data were grouped and analyzed according to Free Interpretation Analysis (ALI) assumptions
Clinical aspects of patients visiting the emergency department with febrile seizure
Authors: Kim Jong Min , Hwang Hee Yu , Lee Jung Hun , Kim Moon Kyu , Lee Soon Min
Published: September 2023

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, recurrence, neurological outcomes, and the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in children who visited 2 emergency departments (EDs) with febrile seizure (FS). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 3,172 episodes, involving 2,510 children aged 6-60 months whose diagnoses were FSs at the EDs in 2 hospitals from 2013 through 2022. Through the review, we analyzed clinical characteristics and associated factors for the recurrence of FS. As a sub-analysis, the variables were compared between before (2017-2019) and during (2020-2022) the pandemic. Results: A total of 3,172 FS-related visits to the EDs were found in 2,510 children. Of these, 890 children (35.5%) underwent recurrences of FS. The recurrence of FS was associated with boys (63.3% vs. 57.8%; P = 0.007), seizures lasting longer than 5 minutes (16.6% vs. 12.7%; P = 0.007), family history of FS (23.7% vs. 16.2%; P < 0.001), complex FS (13.3% vs. 8.0%; P < 0.001), and epilepsy diagnosed thereafter (9.1% vs. 3.0%; P < 0.001). During the pandemic, we noted a decrease in the number of FS-related visits to the EDs (from 1,274 to 383), an increase in the percentage of complex FS (9.3% vs. 13.8%; P = 0.012), and a decrease in the percentage of recurrent FS (49.4% vs. 33.4%; P < 0.001), compared to before the pandemic. Conclusion: Our study identified factors associated with recurrence of FS, and confirmed the increase in complex FS with the decrease in the recurrence during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. These findings could be helpful when caring for children with FS in EDs.
Analysis of 2011-2020 intentional drug poisoning in children and adolescents
Authors: Park Jin Seok , Cho Jin Seong , Woo Jae-Hyug , Jang Jae Ho , Choi Woo Sung , Lim Yong Su , Choi Jea Yeon
Published: September 2023

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the changing trends in intentional drug poisoning among pediatric and adolescent patients over the past 10 years.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients younger than 20 years who visited an academic hospital emergency department (ED) in Incheon, Korea, from January 2011 through December 2020. The study focused on patients who responded with “self-harm or suicide” in the ED-based Injury In-depth Surveillance, and whose injury mechanism was drug poisoning. Exclusion criteria were unintentional injuries and the ingestion of substances other than drugs. To describe the trend over the decade, we used the number of events/100,000 ED annual visits of the database. Results: A total of 3,388 cases with a median age of 17 years (interquartile range, 15-18 years) were included. The most frequently ingested drugs were acetaminophen (27.8%), followed by benzodiazepines (15.2%), antidepressants (14.1%), other sedatives and hypnotics (13.4%), and antipsychotics (8.3%). As for the events/100,000 ED annual visits, benzodiazepines showed the biggest increase, from 7.6 to 80.2 cases. Similarly, antidepressants increased from 10.2 to 71.1 cases, and antipsychotics from 3.6 to 53.7 cases.Conclusion: Intentional drug poisoning has increased over the past 10 years, particularly in benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and antipsychotics. It is advisable to establish injury prevention strategies according to patients’ characteristics and ingested drugs.
SPF Activity Sunscreen Spray Gel Ethanol Extract of Cinnamon Bark (Cinnamomum burmanii Ness. BI, Syn)
Authors: Sari Wulan , Kristantri Rika S. , Pebriani Tris H.
Published: September 2023

This cinnamon bark contains cinnamaldehyde, which is a secondary metabolite compound derived from aldehydes, including the polyphenolic group, which activity as a sunscreen and antioxidant by absorbing UV rays, so it can protect the skin from direct sun exposure (sunscreen). The study aimed to determine whether there was an effect of the concentration of the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmanii Ness. BI, Syn) on the physical characteristics and SPF value of spray gel preparations and to determine the concentration of the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark that produced spray gel with physical characteristics and SPF value. best. The study was conducted by extracting cinnamon bark by the maceration method using 96 % ethanol for 3 days. The extract obtained was then subjected to phytochemical screening TLC and then applied to a spray gel preparation with concentrations of FI (10 %), FII (15 %), and FIII (20 %), followed by testing the activity of sunscreen using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The results of phytochemical screening and TLC on the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark showed positive results for containing flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and antioxidants. The statistical test results showed that there was a difference with a sig value of 0.05. It was concluded that the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark affected pH, viscosity, spreadability, stickiness, drying time, and SPF value. The formula that gave the best physical characteristics and SPF value was found in the concentration of sunscreen spray gel: the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark with a concentration of FIII (20 %).
Analysis of Water-Soluble Vitamin Change in Tomato (S.lycopersicum) Due to Ozonolysis of Imidacloprid Degradation Treatment by Using Spectrometry and HPLC Method
Authors: Donanita Tysa , Safni Safni , Suryati Suryati
Published: September 2023

In this study, the effect of imidacloprid degradation on the reduction of water-soluble vitamins in tomatoes was observed, such as ascorbic acid, pyridoxine, niacin, and thiamine. Analysis was carried out using a spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography. Degradation method with ozone water for 15 minutes showed a better result than the ozonolysis method because the decrease in levels of water-soluble vitamins is smaller. The percentage decrease of each water-soluble vitamin in ozone water method is ascorbic acid by 17,103%, pyridoxine by 6,723%, niacin by 2,781%, and thiamine by 0,333%. Ozone water methods also produce a high percentage of degradation which is 90,56%.
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on export commodity trading
Authors: Elyta Elyta , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki , Jamaliah Jamaliah , Mujiono Dadang Ilham Kurniawan , Islam Rabiul , Daud Restuardy
Published: September 2023

This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on the export commodity sector in North Kalimantan province, Indonesia. The sector’s heavy reliance on hydrocarbon, seafood, and agricultural products, and lack of diversification in the commodity market pose significant risks to its long-term sustainability and growth. Studies critically analysing the trading of this commodity and the pandemic’s impacts on this sector remain lacking. Using a content analysis approach on data and information sourced from government reports and statistics, this qualitative-based study provides insight into the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and its resultant government intervention measures on North Kalimantan’s export commodities. Findings show that export commodities handled by the province’s ports decreased by 7 percent from 2019 to 2020, but in 2021, export values almost doubled compared to pre-COVID levels. The province’s economic growth has been heavily dependent on hydrocarbon, seafood, and agricultural products before and during the pandemic. To create a more business-friendly environment and reverse the downward trend of export commodities, the study suggests diversifying the commodity market, enhancing human resource capacity, and forging stronger private-public partnerships. The study provides insight into the effects of the pandemic on North Kalimantan’s export commodity sector, highlighting the need for long-term sustainability strategies.
Década de los ochenta del siglo XX en Colombia: Memoria sin ficción de unas violencias alucinantes
Authors: Gil Montoya Rigoberto , Vélez Quiroz Diego Alexander
Published: September 2023

¿Por qué fijar la atención en la década del ochenta del siglo XX en Colombia? Porque estamos convencidos de su relieve en el plano de nuestra historia reciente y, en particular, por la forma en la que la literatura de no ficción consiguió narrarla. Pocas décadas arrojan tantas luces como esta para entender, o por lo menos traslucir, eso que en nuestra labor de indagación denominamos violencias alucinantes. Se trata de una década que inicia con una esperanza: el otorgamiento del Premio Nobel de Literatura a Gabriel García Márquez (1982). Y cierra con un magnicidio: el del precandidato liberal Luis Carlos Galán (1989), como antesala a otro acontecimiento no menos grave: el secuestro de diez ciudadanos influyentes en el ejercicio del periodismo y la política (1990). Entre uno y otro hecho, se extiende un catálogo de sucesos cuya naturaleza implacable y frenética, quizá era muy compleja de descifrar en su momento. Para aventurar su examen, nos apoyamos en una memoria en perspectiva, desde la cual puede leerse entre líneas lo que, a fuerza de sustentarse en el poder de las palabras y en sus silencios, deriva en una sucesión de metáforas. ¿Cómo discernir el lugar que ocupan en nuestras narrativas victimarios como Pablo Escobar y Carlos Castaño? ¿Cómo aclarar los destinos de víctimas como Rodrigo Lara, Alfonso Reyes Echandía, Guillermo Cano, Héctor Abad Gómez y Diana Turbay? A falta de respuestas sólidas, este libro sugiere unas miradas a partir de quienes buscaron comprender lo incomprensible en sus relatos y testimonios. En el interés por despejar la bruma y animar el diálogo crítico, apelamos a una metáfora animal, de factura macondiana, acaso para hacernos más ecuánimes en el momento de revisar una memoria escrita a varias manos, potente en sus símbolos y resonancias.
A comprehensive verification study for computational modeling of high Reynolds number incompressible flow around a rectangular cylinder near a plane wall boundary
Authors: Sanchez Daniel K. , Venayagamoorthy Subhas
Published: September 2023

Verification and validation are key components to performing a quality
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. When referring to
verification, this traditionally implies a grid independence study to
ensure the CFD results are accurate with respect to the mesh sizing.
However, this study explores why a comprehensive verification study is
necessary to evaluate the influence of the flow domain size. The drag
coefficient was used as the basis to compare different flow domains. Due
to flow around a rectangular cylinder near a plane wall boundary, it was
found there are three main effects present that influence the domain
sizing in each coordinate direction. An insufficient vertical domain
leads to suppressed streamlines which locally accelerate the flow and
artificially increases the drag coefficient. An adequate horizontal
domain length upstream from the cylinder allows the stagnation pressure
on the rectangular cylinder to propagate unimpeded to the flow inlet. A
sufficient horizontal domain length downstream from the cylinder allows
the flow wake to completely develop before exiting the outlet. Through
appropriately sizing the CFD domain, a comprehensive verification study
leads to accurate and useful results.
Development of land degradation vulnerability protection strategies based on land degradation vulnerability assessment in different physiographic regions
Authors: Chen Xieyang , Li Tongsheng , Zhu Bingchen
Published: September 2023

The scientific formulation of conservation policies to address land
degradation vulnerability can better protect land resources. In this
work, Shaanxi Province in China was used as a case study, firstly,
Shaanxi Province was divided into several physiographic regions based on
the principle of spatial homogeneity, and the vulnerability to land
degradation of each physiographic regions was assessed by zoning using
superposition analysis. Secondly, an analytical framework was
constructed to identify the dominant factors of land degradation
vulnerability in each physiographic regions. Finally, the identified
dominant factors were used to formulate protection policies for land
degradation vulnerability in each physiographic regions. The results
show that the dominant factor of land degradation vulnerability in
Shaanxi Province’s low-hill basin area is soil erosion, which can be
managed through bioengineering measures. The dominant factor of land
degradation vulnerability in the Daba Mountain area, Qinling Mountain
area and the plateau hills and gullies area is vegetation cover, which
can be improved through afforestation engineering measures. The dominant
factor of land degradation vulnerability in the plains area is soil
erosion, which can be managed through agricultural technical measures.
The dominant factor of land degradation vulnerability in the Loess
Plateau area is the vegetation cover, which can be improved through the
measures of forbidding grazing, resting grazing and rotating grazing.
The dominant factor in the vulnerability to land degradation in the
plateau area north of the Great Wall is soil texture, which can be
improved through technical means by upgrading the content of soil
organic matter.
Clonality, trafficking, and molecular alterations among Hprt mutant T lymphocytes isolated from control mice versus mice treated with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea
Authors: Judice Stephen , Sussman Hillary , Walker Dale , O'Neill J. , Albertini Richard , Walker Vernon
Published: September 2023

Mutations in T lymphocytes (T-cells) are informative quantitative
markers for environmental mutagen exposures, but risk extrapolations
from rodent models to humans also requires understanding how T-cell
development and proliferation kinetics impact mutagenic outcomes. Rodent
studies have shown that patterns in chemical-induced mutations in the
hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt) gene of T-cells
differ between lymphoid organs. The current work was performed to obtain
knowledge of the relationships between maturation events during T-cell
development and changes in chemical-induced mutant frequencies over time
in differing immune compartments of a mouse model. A novel RTPCR based
method was developed to determine the specific T-cell receptor beta
(Tcrb) gene mRNA expressed in mouse T-cell isolates, enabling sequence
analysis of the PCR product that then identifies the specific
hypervariable CDR3 junctional region of the expressed Tcrb gene for
individual isolates. Characterization of spontaneous Hprt mutant
isolates from the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes of control mice for
their Tcrb gene expression found evidence of in vivo clonal
amplifications of Hprt mutants and their trafficking between tissues in
the same animal. Concurrent analyses of Hprt mutations and Tcrb gene
rearrangements in different lymphoid tissues of control versus
N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-exposed mice permitted elucidation of the
localization and timing of mutational events in T-cells, establishing
that mutagenesis occurs primarily in the pre-rearrangement replicative
period in pre-thymic/thymic populations. These findings demonstrate that
chemical-induced mutagenic burden is determined by the combination of
mutagenesis and T-cell clonal expansion, processes with roles in immune
function and the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease and cancer.
Activation of hTREK-1 by polyunsaturated fatty acids does not only involve membrane tension
Authors: Bechard Emilie , Arel Elodie , Bride Jamie , Louradour Julien , Bussy Xavier , Elloumi Anis , Vigor Claire , Soule Pierre , Oger Camille , Galano Jean-Marie , Durand Thierry , Guennec Jean-Yves Le , Maati Hamid Moha ou , Demion Marie
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE TREK-1 is a mechanosensitive channel also
activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). TREK-1 activation by
PUFAs is supposed to be linked to changes in membrane tension following
PUFAs insertion. Their ability to insert into the membrane increases
with their hydrophobicity and thus the length of the carbon chain.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this study, we compared the effect of multiple
fatty acids and ML402 in both whole-cell and inside-out configurations
of the patch-clamp technique. KEY RESULTS First, we showed a variable
TREK-1 activation by PUFAs related to the variable constitutive activity
of TREK-1. Then, we observed no correlation between TREK-1 activation
and acyl chain length or number of double bonds suggesting that the
bilayer-couple hypothesis cannot explain by itself the activation of
TREK-1 by PUFAs. The membrane fluidity measurement is not modified by
PUFAs at 10 µM. The spectral shift analysis in TREK-1-enriched
microsomes indicates a KD,TREK1 at 44 µM of C22:6 n-3. PUFAs display the
same activation and reversible kinetics than the direct activator ML402
and activate TREK-1 in both whole-cell and inside-out configurations of
patch-clamp suggesting that the binding site of PUFAs is accessible from
both sides of the membrane, as for ML402. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS
Finally, we proposed a two steps mechanism for TREK-1 activation by
PUFAs: first, insertion into the membrane, with no fluidity or curvature
modifications at 10 µM, and then interaction with TREK-1 channel to open
it.
Prochloraz induced alterations in the expression of mRNA expression in reproductive system of male offspring mice
Authors: hu junhe , cao ni , tang tao , zeng zhi , wu juan , tan xiansheng , dai qingxiang , chen yong
Published: September 2023

Prochloraz is a widely used fungicide in the world, which belongs to the
environmental endocrine disrupting estrogen pesticide of reproductive
system. The purpose of the present study was to investigate Prochloraz
on reproductive system of male offspring mice after perinatal exposure
to by prochloraz. The different doses of Prochloraz (group MA, MB and
MD) were given to male father mice by intragastric administration. The
results firstly showed that the average testicular weight in different
dosage groups were significantly lower than the control group (0.312g
,0.294g, Vs 0.355g; P < 0.05), and the testicular coefficient
index in group MB and MD is also lower than the control group. Secondly,
all valid RNA-Seq data were successfully mapped to the mouse genome
database for further analysis. Thirdly, we found that significantly
expressed mRNAs clustered in group B and D compared to control. Finally,
the results showed that male mouse reproductive relative genes response
to prochloraz invasion were greatly changed, which involved in the
regulation of sperm mitochondria function by two genes (Mt-nd6 and
Slc12a4) , and six genes (Greb1, Esrrb , Catsperb, Mospd2, Sohlh1 and
Specc1) is closely related to sperm functions and estrogen reaction. It
can be concluded that prochloraz play an important role on male
offspring reproductive system, which lays a foundation for the follow-up
evaluation of its reproductive toxicological effects.
Evaluation of foamed lauromacrogol sclerotherapy as a possible primary treatment for ranula: A case report
Authors: Guo Chao , Zha xiaoyu , Yang Fan , Sun Ercan , Li Yuanfen
Published: September 2023

Ranula are mucous cysts of salivary gland origin. The traditional
treatment is surgery to resect the ranula but it has disadvantages such
as postoperative pain, perioperative risks, and surgical side effects.
Our team firstly reported the case of a 21-year-old man with an
extraoral ranula who was successfully treated with foamed lauromacrogol
sclerotherapy. The extraoral ranula disappeared during the one-year
follow-up, and no adverse events were noted. This therapy can
potentially become a primary treatment for extraoral ranula.
Does anti-HPA-1a affect birthweight in Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia?
Authors: MCKELVY Margaret , TYAGI Srishti , HAAR Emilie VANDER , LAKKARAJA Madhavi , TOMY Tim , CORKE Stacy , PALMER Thea , Rottenstreich Amihai , Kapur Rick , ZHI Huiying , NEWMAN Debra , Schatz-Siemers Nina , Bussel James
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study tests the clinical hypothesis that FNAIT
secondary to anti-HPA-1a results in smaller newborns, and the corollary
hypothesis that antenatal management of FNAIT in HPA-1a-incompatible
pregnancies increases birthweight by reducing the effects of
anti-HPA-1a. Design: FNAIT-affected siblings, one untreated and
one treated for FNAIT, were paired for the purpose of comparing their
birthweights. Birthweights of FNAIT-affected and -unaffected pups in a
mouse model of HPA-1a-specific-FNAIT were also analyzed.
Setting: New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medical Center,
New York, NY; Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI.
Population: 270 FNAIT-affected newborns from a randomized
clinical trial; responders to a NAITbabies.org; and pups in a mouse
model of HPA-1a-specific-FNAIT were evaluated. Methods:
Birthweight percentiles of untreated FNAIT-affected neonates were
compared to those of published controls and treated FNAIT-affected
siblings using one-sample, two-tailed t-tests. Body weights of
FNAIT-affected and -unaffected pups in a mouse model of
HPA-1a-specific-FNAIT were analyzed similarly. Main Outcome
Measures: The difference in birthweight percentile between untreated
and treated FNAIT-affected siblings was analyzed. Results:
Untreated siblings were not small compared to normal controls. However,
treated siblings in both cohorts had significantly higher birthweight
percentiles compared to their untreated, affected sibling.
FNAIT-affected neonatal pups had lower body weights than
FNAIT-unaffected pups. Conclusions: The effect of treatment,
especially high dose IVIG believed to “block” FcRn and lower maternal
anti-HPA-1a levels, to increase birthweights suggests maternal
anti-HPA-1a reduces birthweights. We believe this is mediated by
anti-HPA-1a binding to placental syncytiotrophoblasts, resulting in
placental inflammation.
Clinical and laboratory considerations: Determining an antibody-based composite correlate of risk for reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 or severe COVID-19
Authors: Holdenrieder Stefan , Ferreira Carlos Eduardo dos Santos , Izopet Jacques , Theel Elitza S. , Wieser Andreas
Published: September 2023

Much of the global population now has some level of adaptive immunity to
SARS-CoV-2 induced by exposure to the virus (natural infection),
vaccination, or a combination of both (hybrid immunity). Key questions
that subsequently arise relate to the duration and the level of
protection an individual might expect based on their infection and
vaccination history. A multi-component composite correlate of risk (CoR)
could inform individuals and stakeholders about protection and aid
decision making. This perspective evaluates the various elements that
need to be accommodated in the development of an antibody-based
composite CoR for reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 or development of severe
COVID-19, including variation in exposure dose, transmission route,
viral genetic variation, patient factors, and vaccination status. We
provide an overview of antibody dynamics to aid exploration of the
specifics of SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. We further discuss
anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays, sample matrices, testing formats,
frequency of sampling and the optimal time point for such sampling.
Whilst the development of a composite CoR is challenging, we provide our
recommendations for each of these key areas and highlight areas that
require further work to be undertaken.
Switch from IV to SC Administration of Vancomycin-D-Arginine (STM-001) Maintains Effectivity to Combat NDM-1 E. Coli Burden in a Murine Model of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (cUTI)
Authors: LF Neville
Published: September 2023

Intravenous (IV)-bolus administered vancomycin-D-arginine (STM-001) was previously shown to be effective against E. coli in a mouse model of complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) at a putative low, humanized-dose. Herein, we investigated if a switch in its route of administration from IV to SC during a 3-day treatment window, could still maintain the conjugate's antimicrobial effects. Mice were treated with IV STM-001, BID at 50 mg/kg four days following infection driven by a carbapenem-resistant E. coli (NDM-1 positive) strain. Thereafter, identical treatment was maintained with IV or switched to SC on days 5 and 6 or just during day 6. Bacterial burdens in urine were determined kinetically as well as in various organs on day 7. As compared to vehicle groups which ranged throughout from log10 mean (± SEM) of 4.79 ± 0.51 to log10 mean (± SEM) of 5.56 ± 0.53 CFU/mL urine), SC STM-001 treatment groups reduced urinary burden to log10 mean (± SEM) from of 1.89 ± 0.33 to log10 mean (± SEM) 2.47 ± 0.47 CFU/mL, (p < 0.05 Cf. to vehicle), very similar to IV treatment throughout. In kidney, bladder, liver and spleen, irrespective of the mode of administration, STM-001 was highly effective in lowering bacterial load from baseline, ranging from mean log10 1.4 to 2.65 CFU/tissue reductions (p < 0.05). These data underscore the promise of SC-administered STM-001 as an alternative parenteral route to IV administration in the effective targeting of highly resistant E. coli strains. STM-001 could represent an attractive clinical candidate for outpatient subcutaneous antimicrobial therapy (OSCAT) in contrast with demanding outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) to treat cUTIs in the clinic.
Determinants of Carbon Emission Disclosure: A Study on Non-Financial Public Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Andriadi Komang Dandy , Werastuti Desak Nyoman Sri , Sujana Edy
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the direct and indirect associations between carbon emission disclosure with firm size, financial performance, and environmental performance. The samples were selected using a purposive technique and obtained 113 observations. Data are collected by downloading sustainability reports, annual reports, and annual financial statements and analyzed using WarpPLS 7.0 software. The authors find that firm size has a negative influence on financial performance. Firm size has a positive influence on environmental performance and carbon emission disclosure. Financial performance and environmental performance do not affect the carbon emission disclosure and do not mediate the effect of firm size on carbon emission disclosure.
Determinants of Use Behavior in Utilizing Fintech Investment Management for Gen-Z
Authors: Saraswati Kadek Gita , Ratnadi Ni Made Dwi , Sudana I Putu , Sisdyani Eka Ardhani
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze behavioral intention and use behavior in using fintech investment management through the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2) model, namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influences, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price values and habits. This study used quantitative approach. The population in this study were all Generation Z in Bali which determine using convenience sampling method. The data analysis technique in this research is multiple regression using Smart-pls software. The results of the analysis provide evidence that performance expectancy, social influences, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation and habits had positive effect on behavioral intention in using fintech investment management. In addition, behavioral intention had a positive effect on the use behavior of using fintech investment management.
The Effect of Environmental Performance on Financial Performance with Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) as Intervening Variable
Authors: Sisdianto Ersi , Razimi Mohd Shahril Ahmad , Masykur Rubhan , Mei Sari Rita Diana , Robiansyah Anton
Published: September 2023

Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) is one of the efforts to reduce social problems that occur in society, by encouraging community productivity and creating justice. This study aims to analyze the effect of environmental performance on financial performance with Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR). This research uses quantitative research. The population in this study is mining companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) from 2016 to 2020. The sampling technique used in this study uses a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples in this study is 15 companies. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of financial reports and annual reports obtained through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the official website of the related company. The dependent variable in this study is financial performance, while the independent variable is environmental performance. The data analysis method used is path analysis with the help of the Smart-PLS 3.0 application program. This study shows that environmental performance has an effect on financial performance, while Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) cannot mediate the relationship between environmental performance and financial performance.
Credit Decisions Making Through the Use of Information Company’s Financial Performance and Environmental Performance
Authors: Masdiantini Putu Riesty , Savitri Ni Luh Asri , Devi Sunitha
Published: September 2023

Before credit is given, the bank must first conduct a credit analysis to ensure that the customer can really be trusted. It is important for loan officers to understand other information or the latest information related to lending. Through the use of data on the company's financial performance and environmental performance, this study seeks to obtain empirical evidence about the provision of loan decisions. This study uses a quasi-experimental design with a 2X2 factorial layout, which is an experimental method. 81 students enrolled in the Bachelor of Accounting Program comprised the sample for this study, which was chosen using a purposive sampling technique and the non-probability method. The Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was employed in the data analysis process. The study's findings show that credit decisions are significantly impacted by both financial and environmental performance.
The Quality of Financial Statements with Human Resource Competence as Moderating Variables
Authors: Frederica Diana , Cristina Villery , Munandar Agus
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of accounting information systems, internal audit and human resource competencies on the quality of financial statements. This study also tested the variable of human resource competence as a moderating variable. The population in this study are accountants and internal auditors who work in companies domiciled in DKI Jakarta. The sampling technique used is convenience sampling. The data collected and can be processed are as many as 100 respondents. The data of this study were analyzed by multiple linear regression method. The results of this study indicate that the application of accounting information systems, the role of internal audit and the competence of human resources have a positive effect on the quality of financial statements. However, the competence of human resources does not strengthen the influence of accounting information systems and internal audit on the quality of financial statements. The contribution of this research is as a benchmark for companies to be able to optimize the use of accounting information systems, the importance of the role of internal auditors, and human resources owned must be competent to produce quality financial statements. Quality resources in terms of knowledge and skills if not balanced with good ethics, then do not guarantee the quality of good financial statements.
How Temporary Book Tax Differences Influence Earning Quality? An Integrated Analysis with Investment Opportunity Set and Human Capital
Authors: Widiatmoko Jacobus , Indarti Maria Goreti Kentris , Ifada Luluk Muhimatul
Published: September 2023

We examined three variables, including the differences of temporary book tax, investment opportunity sets, and human capital to recognize if any of these variables have different impact on earnings quality. The population use of this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2021. Based on the purposive sampling technique, a total of 338 data were obtained. By using ordinary least square technique of analysis, the test results reveal that the differences of temporary book tax have a negative impact on quality of earnings and the investment opportunity set has a positive impact on quality of earnings. Meanwhile, human capital has no impact on quality of earnings. Our study provides insight that the differences of temporary book tax and investment opportunity sets are important information that must be considered by investors in analyzing the quality of company earnings, so that investment provides optimal returns.