bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identity Fusion and Aggressive Behavior Among Chinese Freshmen: The Chain Mediating Role of Depressive Mood and Sleep Quality
Authors: Wang Jing , Duan Yixin , Yang Ying , Liu Meihe , Wu Lili
Published: October 2023

Aggressive behavior is considered one of the indicators of maladjustment and increases during the transition to college. Previous studies have demonstrated that having identity fusion with particular social groups significantly predicts college adjustment among freshmen. However, the relationship between identity fusion and aggressive behavior in college freshmen has rarely been studied. Thus, guided by the frustration-aggression theory, this study aimed to explore the association between identity fusion with class and aggressive behavior among Chinese college freshmen and examine the potential mediating roles of depressive mood and sleep quality. A cross-sectional survey study was carried out among 1,037 Chinese college freshmen ( Mage = 19.56, SD = 1.068, 29.12% males). Class identity fusion, depressive mood, sleep quality, and aggressive behavior were measured via four self-reported questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediation model. Analyses showed that identity fusion was negatively related to depressive mood and aggressive behavior and positively correlated with sleep quality. The results also revealed that the direct effect of identity fusion on aggressive behavior was significant, and identity fusion can indirectly affect aggressive behavior not only through the mediation effect of depressive mood but also through the chain mediation effect of depressive mood and sleep quality. Moreover, the mediating effect of depressive mood varied by gender. These findings suggest that strategies that help freshmen promote identity fusion and those that alleviate depressive mood and sleep problem may help reduce aggressive behavior.
The Role of Minority Stress in Psychological Distress and Hazardous Drinking Among Sexual Minority College Student Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Edwards Katie M. , Lim Stephanie , Bermea Autumn M. , Wheeler Lorey A. , Littleton Heather
Published: October 2023

Sexual minority, individuals who are not heterosexual, college students experience high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV), which is linked to a myriad of deleterious outcomes. However, little work has evaluated whether there are differences in IPV outcomes among sexual minority college students as compared to heterosexual college students. Further, the extent to which minority stress at the institutional and individual level relates to IPV outcomes among sexual minority students is understudied. As such, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate IPV outcomes in a large sample of undergraduate students attending 18 medium- to large-sized universities across the contiguous U.S. Results supported that sexual minority victims of IPV had more anxious and depressive symptoms than heterosexual victims of IPV but were not more likely to engage in hazardous drinking. Further, analyses supported that several campus-level (but not individual-level) indicators of minority stress moderated the relation between IPV victimization and negative outcomes among sexual minority students, such that the association between IPV and negative outcomes was stronger among students embedded in campuses with higher levels of minority stressors. Results support the critical importance of interventions addressing campus-level minority stressors to reduce deleterious IPV outcomes among sexual minority college student victims.
Modulation of Nrf2/HO1 Pathway by Thymoquinone to Exert Protection Against Diazinon-induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Wang Gang
Published: October 2023

Background

Modern strategies to alleviate the harmful effects of organophosphate pesticide diazinon (DN) abnormalities were focused mainly on using natural compounds or their derivatives. DN is an organophosphate compound that causes many health abnormalities in humans due to its usage as an insecticide in agriculture. TQ is one of the beneficiary active principles derived from plant sources that has pharmacological benefits.

Aim

This research reveals the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone (TQ) on DN-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats.

Materials and Methods

Male Sprague–Dawley rats were procured, acclimatized, and divided into four groups of six animals each with feed and water ad libitum. MI was induced in rats with a dose of 25 mg/kg DN by oral gavage and TQ in a dose of 20 mg/kg p.o. for the treatment. After animal sacrifice at the end of the experimental period, serum and heart tissue samples were collected and processed appropriately for various analyses such as changes in the body weight, heart weight, marker enzymes, oxidative markers, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines, histopathological studies, and cardiac-specific markers.

Results

DN-induced toxicity depicted decreased body weight (167.83 ± 4.62), heart weight (0.9 ± 0.06), and heart-to-body weight ratio (0.54 ± 0.03). Also, elevated marker enzymes (147.33 ± 20.85, 407.5 ± 31.3, and 110.67 ± 9.65 for CK-MB, AST, and ALT, respectively), elevated oxidative markers (12.87 ± 1.34, 125.17 ± 9.95, and 80.17 ± 5.78 for serum MDA, heart MDA, and heart GSSG, respectively), decreased enzymatic- and non-enzymatic antioxidants (3.15 ± 0.42, 12.23 ± 1.02, 5.75 ± 0.46, 2.02 ± 0.26, 0.72 ± 0.07, 18.05 ± 1.04, 8.62 ± 0.65, and 45.8 ± 2.43 for SOD, CAT, GST, GPx, heart GSH, serum GSH, vit.E, and vit.C, respectively), damaged cellular architecture, elevated inflammatory cytokines, and cardiac-specific markers were noticed.

Discussion

TQ significantly reduced the toxicities produced by DN in almost all the above parameters. The beneficial effect of DN could be attributed to the influential effect of DN on cardiac-specific Nrf2/HO1-related pathways.

Conclusion

These results suggest that TQ exerts protection against MI and could serve as a promising candidate for drug development.
Relatives’ Experiences of Being Involved in Assisted Dying: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Boven Charlotte , Dillen Let , Dierickx Sigrid , Van den Block Lieve , Piers Ruth , Van Den Noortgate Nele , Van Humbeeck Liesbeth
Published: October 2023

Recent literature demonstrates an interdependence between relatives and healthcare providers throughout euthanasia processes. Yet, current guidelines and literature scarcely specify the interactions between healthcare providers and bereaved relatives. The aim of this work consisted of providing an insight into bereaved relatives’ experiences (1) of being involved in euthanasia processes and (2) of their interactions with healthcare providers before, during, and after the euthanasia. The research process was guided by the principles of constructivist grounded theory. Nineteen Dutch-speaking bereaved relatives of oncological patients, who received euthanasia at home or in a hospital less than 24 months ago, participated via semi-structured interviews. These interviews were conducted between May 2021 and June 2022. Due to the intensity of euthanasia processes, relatives wanted to be involved as early as possible, in order to receive time, space, and access to professionals’ support whilst preparing themselves for the upcoming loss of a family member with cancer. Being at peace with the euthanasia request facilitated taking a supportive attitude, subsequently aiding in achieving a serene atmosphere. A serene atmosphere facilitated relatives’ grief process because it helped them in creating and preserving good memories. Relatives appreciated support from healthcare providers, as long as overinvolvement on their part was not occurring. This study advocates for a relational approach in the context of euthanasia and provides useful complements to the existing euthanasia guidelines.
Dynamic fracture behavior for hole-initiated cracks in functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic bi-materials
Authors: An Ni , Chen Yu , Zhang Jing , Song Tian-shu
Published: October 2023

In this article, the dynamic fracture behavior of hole-initiated cracks in functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) bi-materials with exponential variation is studied by Green’s function method, and SH-wave is considered as an external load acting on the bi-materials. The mechanical model of the cracks is constructed through interface-conjunction and crack-deviation techniques, thereby simplifying the crack problem to solving a series of the first kind of Fredholm’s integral equations, from which the dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF) at the crack tips is expressed. Numerical results clarified the factors that affect the DSIF, including wave number, incident angle, the geometry of the defect, and the gradient of the bi-materials. The accuracy of the present methods is examined by comparing the obtained results with the reference solutions. Compared with previous traditional numerical and analytical methods, the methods proposed in this paper are relatively more effective and applicable, and provide a new perspective for studying the fracture problems of FGMEE materials with more complex defects in practical engineering.
Ghana and the global climate crisis: Rethinking the legal approach for climate change regulation of corporations in Ghana
Authors: Kila Kikelomo O.
Published: October 2023

Ghana continuously suffers from the impact of the climate change crisis despite its minimal global carbon contributions. Although Ghana has instituted some climate change policies and general environmental regulations, it has not yet promulgated a Climate Change Act to aid the regulation of climate change mitigation, especially of corporations that are the major emitters of global greenhouse gas emissions. This article examines the climate change regulation of corporations in Ghana and its effectiveness in addressing climate change challenges. It assesses the country's international climate change profile and the role of corporations in contributing to its carbon emissions, evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of Ghana's general environmental regulation and discusses alternative regulatory frameworks such as judicial, market and surrogate regulation for managing climate change impacts in the absence of statutory climate change regulation. Further, this article looks beyond the presence of a statutory climate change regulation and examines the potential structuring of climate change regulation in Ghana. The article argues that the traditional command and control regulatory system will be unsuitable for effective regulation of the climate change participation of corporations in Ghana, and instead proposes the adoption of the Dilute Interventionism approach supported by a Veto Firewall system for this purpose. The article argues that these concepts present a practical and effective approach to regulating corporations’ involvement in climate change mitigation in Ghana. However, the successful implementation of this approach will require political will, corporate compliance, and technical capacity. This article provides policymakers, stakeholders and interested parties in Ghana and beyond with useful insights to address climate change challenges.
Hydrogen combustion in two-stage high-pressure gas turbine—thermal and flow simulations for performance comparison with fossil fuels
Authors: Kim Byungwook , Mai Thanh Dam , Vo Duy-Tan , Lee Hyeon Kyun , Jeong Yoonhyeong , Chang Sungho , Lee Hyoungsoon , Ryu Jaiyoung
Published: October 2023

Hydrogen energy forms an attractive solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from gas turbine systems. Although hydrogen combustion has been widely studied for combustors, only a few studies have considered the combustion effect downstream of the combustor. This study conducted an integral simulation of the combustion and flow of a GE-E3 aero-engine under hydrogen fuel and compared its performance with that of representative fossil fuels such as Jet A in an aero-engine and methane in an industrial gas turbine. All simulations were conducted under a constant heat input at the combustor and turbine inlet temperatures. During combustion simulation, the HyChem mechanism was applied to evaluate the composition of the products in an equilibrium model. Specifically, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes steady simulation of a two-stage high-pressure gas turbine was conducted using the calculated boundary condition from the combustion simulation and k − ω shear stress transport γ turbulence model. The results revealed the high velocity of the hydrogen combustion flue gas owing to its low density under a large pressure difference. Overall, the power output, thermal efficiency, and fuel consumption were improved by hydrogen combustion. The thermal and flow results of the simulation can be used to develop hydrogen gas turbines.
Effect of slide burnishing on the corrosion resistance and surface roughness on high strength steels
Authors: Marquez-Herrera Alfredo , Saldaña-Robles Alberto , Reveles-Arredondo Juan Francisco , Dorantes-Flores Jorge Luis , Gallardo-Hernandez Ezequiel Alberto , Capilla-González Gustavo
Published: October 2023

This work presents an experimental study aimed to determining the influence of the slide burnishing force on the surface roughness indicators ( Ra, Rz, Rt, Rv, and Rp) and corrosion resistance on the advanced high strength steels TRIP-440Y and DP-330Y and the high strength steel HSLA-SP780. For each steel, the tests were carried out at different burnishing forces between 30 and 450 N, using a zig-zag burnishing toolpath with a 50% of the footprint width of the spherical tip as length between burnishing traces. The results showed that the optimal burnishing force to minimize surface roughness for HSLA-SP780, DP-330Y, and TRIP-440Y steels were 60, 150, and 180 N. These burnishing forces enhanced the roughness indicators between 40.3% and 73.4% for DP-330Y, from 57.5% to 83.2% for TRIP-440Y, and around 2.8% and 41.6% for HSLA-SP780. Corrosion tests exhibited that sliding burnishing does not affect the corrosion resistance of the steels, which are coated with a zinc layer. This result was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction analysis of the burnished samples. The corrosion current for all samples burnished and not burnished with zinc were close to 25 µA. Therefore, slide burnishing technique is an excellent option to improve the surface roughness without affecting the corrosion resistance of these steels, as well as other mechanical and physical properties that have been investigated according to the literature.
Linked color imaging versus white light imaging in the diagnosis of colorectal lesions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sun Yining , Lv Xiu-He , Zhang Xian , Wang Jin , Wang Huimin , Yang Jin-Lin
Published: October 2023

Background:

Miss rate of colorectal neoplasia is associated with lesion histology, size, morphology, or location.

Objectives:

We aim to compare the efficacy of Linked color imaging (LCI) versus white light imaging (WLI) for adenoma detection rate (ADR), the detection of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs), serrated lesions (SLs), advanced adenomas (AAs), diminutive lesions (DLs), and flat lesions (FLs) by using per-patient and per-lesion analysis based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Design:

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources and methods:

PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched through May 1st, 2023. We calculated risk ratio for dichotomous outcomes and mean difference for continuous outcomes, and performed sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses.

Results:

Overall, 17 RCTs (10,624 patients) were included. In per-patient analysis, ADR was higher in the LCI group versus the WLI group ( p < 0.00001). This effect was consistent for SSL ( p = 0.005), SLs ( p = 0.01), AAs ( p = 0.04), DLs ( p < 0.00001), and FLs ( p < 0.0001). In per-lesion analysis, LCI showed a significant superiority over WLI with regard to the mean number of adenomas per patient ( p < 0.00001). This effect was in accordance with mean SSL ( p = 0.001), mean SLs ( p < 0.00001), and mean DLs ( p < 0.0001) per patient. A subgroup analysis showed that the beneficial effect of the LCI group on the detection of AAs, SSL, and FLs was maintained only for studies when experts and trainees were included but not for experts only.

Conclusions:

Meta-analyses of RCTs data support the use of LCI in clinical practice, especially for trainees.
Adverse childhood experiences in early life increase the odds of depression among adults with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Guerrero Karla S , Horton Mary K , Choudhary Vidhu , Bellesis Kalliope H , Dorin Pete , Mei Jin , Chinn Terrence , Meyers Travis J , Schaefer Catherine A , Barcellos Lisa F
Published: October 2023

Background

Adverse childhood experiences are demonstrated risk factors for depression, a common co-morbidity of multiple sclerosis, but are understudied among people with multiple sclerosis.

Objective

Estimate the association between adverse childhood experiences and depression among 1,990 adults with multiple sclerosis.

Methods

Participants were members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California from two studies between 2006 and 2021 and were diagnosed with multiple sclerosis by a neurologist. Adverse childhood experiences were assessed using two instruments, including the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Participants self-reported ever experiencing a major depressive episode. Meta-analysis random effects models and logistic regression were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and a history of depression across study samples. Adverse childhood experiences were expressed as any/none, individual events, and counts. Models adjusted for sex, birth year, race, and ethnicity.

Results

Exposure to any adverse childhood experiences increased the odds of depression in people with multiple sclerosis (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.21–2.42). Several individual adverse childhood experiences were also strongly associated with depression, including “significant abuse or neglect” (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 2.11–3.68).

Conclusion

Findings suggest that adverse childhood experiences are associated with depression among people with multiple sclerosis. Screening for depression should be done regularly, especially among people with multiple sclerosis with a history of adverse childhood experiences.
“这个真的不好说.” (It is Hard to Say): Positioning, Graphicons, and Culture: A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of a WeChat Discussion
Authors: Wang Min , McVee Mary , Ding Jingjing
Published: October 2023

This article examined the intersection and interaction among positioning, communication modes, and culture by taking positioning theory as a theoretical framework. Data were collected from a WeChat discussion group where three Chinese international students engaged in a community of English as a second language (L2) literacies. A multimodal discourse analysis reveals that three WeChat group members creatively, freely, and deliberately used verbal language and graphicons along with their cultural beliefs and situational contexts to construct, negotiate, and sometimes reject positions. Findings also show that three types of self-other positioning were frequently constructed and negotiated through their discussions, such as the “ Self-Agreed-to-Other,” “ Self-Opposed-to-Other,” and “ Self-Complained-to-Other” positioning. The “ Self-Agreed-with-Other” positioning was explicitly conveyed, but the “ Self-Opposed-to-Other” positioning was implicitly expressed, which can be attributed to one of the Chinese cultural values: face ( mianzi). In addition, graphicons, such as emojis and stickers, were used to challenge first-order positioning and negotiate second-order positioning. Also, the semiotic sign @ used to specify WeChat message recipients performed illocutionary acts as including someone or excluding them from the discussion based on a specific interactional discourse. Graphicons, collectively and sometimes independently, were utilized to contribute to positions that not only provided or limited opportunities for L2 literacies practice but also invited or sometimes rejected community memberships. Future research on the incongruent verbal and nonverbal expression for different types of positioning is needed, especially when verbal language and graphicons are used collaboratively to design meaning.
Secondary uranyl arsenates–phosphates and Sb–Bi-rich minerals of the segnitite–philipsbornite series in the oxidation zone at the Prakovce-Zimná Voda REE–U–Au quartz-vein mineralisation, Western Carpathians, Slovakia
Authors: Ondrejka Martin , Ferenc Štefan , Majzlan Juraj , Števko Martin , Kopáčik Richard , Voleková Bronislava , Milovská Stanislava , Göttlicher Jörg , Steininger Ralph , Mikuš Tomáš , Uher Pavel , Biroň Adrián , Sejkora Jiří , Molnárová Alexandra
Published: October 2023

This work is an investigation of the assemblages of supergene minerals occurring in hydrothermal REE–U–Au quartz-vein mineralisation at the Prakovce-Zimná Voda site, Slovakia. Heterogeneous uranyl arsenates and minor phosphates of the autunite group (nováčekite, kahlerite, threadgoldite, autunite, arsenuranospathite and chistyakovaite) together with scorodite and Sb–Bi-rich philipsbornite–segnitite-series minerals formed by oxidising fluids during decomposition and leaching of primary hypogene uraninite, brannerite and base-metal sulfides and sulfosalts. A progressive change of pH from acidic to near-neutral due to the gradual consumption of sulfides resulted in the formation of late phosphuranylite, pharmacosiderite and arseniosiderite. Goethite and other Fe oxides represent the latest hydrous ferric mineral phases and were formed after most of the As was already fixed in Fe arsenates. Antimony and Bi were taken up only into philipsbornite–segnitite and suggest unusual conditions during this process. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates that Sb in the philipsbornite–segnitite is fully oxidised (0.1–0.4 apfu Sb5+, octahedral coordination on the G site). Pentavalent Sb together with the presence of ferric oxides and arsenates and uranyl minerals suggest oxidative conditions during weathering. This study also indicates that hydrous ferric arsenates are dominant and stable secondary minerals in a supergene environment in a quartz vein rich in Fe and As accompanied by elevated concentrations of U, Pb, Sb, Bi, S, P, Ca and Ba under oxidising conditions.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: a CIBMTR analysis
Authors: Murthy Hemant S. , Zhang Mei-Jie , Chen Karen , Ahmed Sairah , Deotare Uday , Ganguly Siddhartha , Kansagra Ankit , Michelis Fotios V. , Nishihori Taiga , Patnaik Mrinal , Abid Muhammad Bilal , Aljurf Mahmoud , Arai Yasuyuki , Bacher Ulrike , Badar Talha , Badawy Sherif M. , Ballen Karen , Battiwalla Minoo , Beitinjaneh Amer , Bejanyan Nelli , Bhatt Vijaya Raj , Brown Valerie I. , Martino Rodrigo , Cahn Jean-Yves , Castillo Paul , Cerny Jan , Chhabra Saurabh , Copelan Edward , Daly Andrew , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Diaz Perez Miguel Angel , Freytes César O. , Grunwald Michael R. , Hashmi Shahrukh , Hildebrandt Gerhard C. , Jamy Omer , Joseph Jacinth , Kanakry Christopher G. , Khera Nandita , Krem Maxwell M. , Kuwatsuka Yachiyo , Lazarus Hillard M. , Lekakis Lazaros J. , Liu Hongtao , Modi Dipenkumar , Munshi Pashna N. , Mussetti Alberto , Palmisiano Neil , Patel Sagar S. , Rizzieri David A. , Seo Sachiko , Shah Mithun Vinod , Sharma Akshay , Sohl Melhm , Solomon Scott R. , Ulrickson Matthew , Ustun Celalettin , van der Poel Marjolein , Verdonck Leo F. , Wagner John L. , Wang Trent , Wirk Baldeep , Zeidan Amer , Litzow Mark , Kebriaei Partow , Hourigan Christopher S. , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Saber Wael , Kharfan-Dabaja Mohamed A.
Published: October 2023

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis and considered incurable with conventional chemotherapy. Small observational studies reported allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) offers durable remissions in patients with BPDCN. We report an analysis of patients with BPDCN who received an allo-HCT, using data reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). We identified 164 patients with BPDCN from 78 centers who underwent allo-HCT between 2007 and 2018. The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse, and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) rates were 51.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.5-59.8), 44.4% (95% CI, 36.2-52.8), 32.2% (95% CI, 24.7-40.3), and 23.3% (95% CI, 16.9-30.4), respectively. Disease relapse was the most common cause of death. On multivariate analyses, age of ≥60 years was predictive for inferior OS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.16; 95% CI, 1.35-3.46; P = .001), and higher NRM (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.13-4.22; P = .02). Remission status at time of allo-HCT (CR2/primary induction failure/relapse vs CR1) was predictive of inferior OS (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.14-3.06; P = .01) and DFS (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.11-2.76; P = .02). Use of myeloablative conditioning with total body irradiation (MAC-TBI) was predictive of improved DFS and reduced relapse risk. Allo-HCT is effective in providing durable remissions and long-term survival in BPDCN. Younger age and allo-HCT in CR1 predicted for improved survival, whereas MAC-TBI predicted for less relapse and improved DFS. Novel strategies incorporating allo-HCT are needed to further improve outcomes.
Diagnostic value of diuretic ultrasound in evaluating the need for reoperation in children undergoing pyeloplasty
Authors: Rashed Masoud Mahdavi , Abbasioun Reza , Aghaee Atena , Mirakhorli Houshang , Nejad Ehsan Hassan , Payandeh Asma , Karimabadi Neda
Published: October 2023

Background

Pyeloplasty currently stands as the standard treatment for UPJO. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of sonographic parameters following Lasix administration in patients who underwent pyeloplasty to predict the recurrence of obstruction and the need for reoperation.

Methods

The study included 70 children with UPJO who underwent pyeloplasty. Renal ultrasound was performed on patients three to six months after pyeloplasty. Following the Lasix administration, the changes in ultrasound parameters at the 18th and 30th minute were documented. Within two weeks, patients underwent radioisotope renography. Diuretic ultrasound's diagnostic value in predicting the need for reoperation was assessed through a comparison with radioisotope renography.

Results

The average age of the patients was 3.94 ± 3.52 years. Anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis (APD) changes at 18 and 30 min, and the average APD after surgery at 18 and 30 min was significantly higher in patients requiring reoperation. The best cutoff point of APD changes in the 18th minute was 9.50 (sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 82.8%). The best cutoff point of APD after surgery in the 18th minute was 25.90 (sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 81.0%). The best cutoff points of the resistive index (RI) in the 18th and 30th minutes were reported as 0.70 (sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 50.0%) and 0.71 (sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 37.9%), respectively.

Conclusions

The assessment of ultrasound findings following pyeloplasty has revealed that changes in APD can serve as a reliable means for assessing the efficacy of the operation.
Genomic introgressions from African rice (Oryza glaberrima) in Asian rice (O. sativa) lead to the identification of key QTLs for panicle architecture
Authors: Adam Hélène , Gutiérrez Andrés , Couderc Marie , Sabot François , Ntakirutimana Fabrice , Serret Julien , Orjuela Julie , Tregear James , Jouannic Stefan , Lorieux Mathias
Published: October 2023

Background

Developing high yielding varieties is a major challenge for breeders tackling the challenges of climate change in agriculture. The panicle (inflorescence) architecture of rice is one of the key components of yield potential and displays high inter- and intra-specific variability. The genus Oryza features two different crop species: Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the African rice (O. glaberrima Steud.). One of the main morphological differences between the two independently domesticated species is the structure (or complexity) of the panicle, with O. sativa displaying a highly branched panicle, which in turn produces a larger number of grains than that of O. glaberrima. The gene regulatory network that governs intra- and interspecific panicle diversity is still under-studied.

Results

To identify genetic factors linked to panicle architecture diversity in the two species, we used a set of 60 Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines (CSSLs) issued from third generation backcross (BC3DH) and carrying genomic segments from O. glaberrima cv. MG12 in the genetic background of O. sativa Tropical Japonica cv. Caiapó. Phenotypic data were collected for rachis and primary branch length, primary, secondary and tertiary branch number and spikelet number. A total of 15 QTLs were localized on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 7, 11 and 12, QTLs associated with enhanced secondary and tertiary branch numbers were detected in two CSSLs. Furthermore, BC4F3:5 lines carrying different combinations of substituted segments were produced to decipher the effects of the identified QTL regions on variations in panicle architecture. A detailed analysis of phenotypes versus genotypes was carried out between the two parental genomes within these regions in order to understand how O. glaberrima introgression events may lead to alterations in panicle traits.

Conclusion

Our analysis led to the detection of genomic variations between O. sativa cv. Caiapó and O. glaberrima cv. MG12 in regions associated with enhanced panicle traits in specific CSSLs. These regions contain a number of key genes that regulate panicle development in O. sativa and their interspecific genomic variations may explain the phenotypic effects observed.
The effect of telephone counseling based on Orem’s model on adherence to treatment and resilience of patients with coronary angioplasty: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rostami Khatereh , Maryami Mahsa , Rambod Masoume
Published: October 2023

Background

This study aimed to determine the effect of telephone counseling based on Orem’s Self-Care Model on adherence to treatment and resilience of patients with coronary angioplasty.

Methods

This randomized clinical trial was performed on 80 patients in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 (intervention and control). Questionnaires on adherence to treatment of chronic patients and resilience for patients with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were filled out before and 8 weeks after the intervention. In the intervention group, the telephone call schedule consisted of three calls per week for 8 weeks.

Results

Before the intervention, no significant difference was found between the groups about adherence to treatment and resilience. However, after the intervention, a significant difference was found between the groups as to adherence to treatment and resilience (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Nursing consultation using telephone calls based on Orem’s model increases the adherence to treatment and resilience of patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. Telephone counseling can help the patients adhere to their treatment plans and develop resilience skills.
Systematic review of research barriers, facilitators, and stakeholders in long-term care and geriatric settings, and a conceptual mapping framework to build research capacity
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Dinh , Forget Marie-France , Zhang Xi Sophie , Richer Catherine , Podbielski Renata , Gaudreau Pierrette , Desmarais Philippe
Published: October 2023

Background

Older adults are underrepresented in research. Heterogeneity of research processes in this population, specifically in long-term care (LTC) and geriatric acute care (GAC), is not well described and may impede the design, planning, and conduct of research. In this study, we identified, quantified, and mapped stakeholders, research stages, and transversal themes of research processes, to develop a mapping framework to improve research capacity by better characterizing this heterogeneity.

Methods

Multicomponent mixed methods study. An environmental scan was used to initiate a preliminary framework. We conducted a systematic literature search on processes, barriers, and methods for clinical research in GAC and LTC to extract and update stakeholders, research stages, and themes. Importance and interactions of elements were synthesized via heatmaps by number of articles, mentions, and content intersections.

Results

For our initial framework and environmental scan, we surveyed 24 stakeholders. Of 9277 records, 68 articles were included in our systematic review and allowed us to identify 12 stakeholders, 13 research stages, 17 transversal themes (either barriers, facilitators, general themes, or recommendations), and 1868 intersections. Differences in relative importance between LTC and GAC emerged for stakeholders (staff, managers vs. caregivers, ethics committees), and for research stages (funding, facility recruitment vs. ethics, individual recruitment). Crucial themes according to specific stakeholders were collaboration for the research team; communication, trust, and human resources for managers; heterogeneity for patients and residents. A heatmap framework synthesizing vital stakeholders and themes per research stage was generated.

Conclusions

We identified and quantified the interactions between stakeholders, stages, and themes to characterize heterogeneity in LTC and GAC research. Our framework may serve as a blueprint to co-construct and improve each stage of the research process.
Recurrence hyperparathyroidism caused by synchronous parathyroid carcinoma and parathyromatosis in a patient with long-term hemodialysis
Authors: Yang Jun , Lu Xili , Zhou Pingping , Liu Hao , Wang Jili , Su Xinhui
Published: October 2023

Background

Parathyroid carcinoma and parathyromatosis are very rare diseases in patients on hemodialysis. Its pathogenesis, clinical features, preoperative diagnosis, and surgery are challenging. We describe a rare case of recurrent hyperparathyroidism due to synchronous parathyroid carcinoma and parathyromatosis.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old Chinese woman was diagnosed with end-stage renal disease and received regular hemodialysis. Four years later, she experienced discomfort due to itching and was diagnosed with drug-resistant secondary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroidectomy was performed, and her parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were reduced. The pathology also revealed that the four nodules were parathyroid nodular hyperplasia without evidence of malignancy. Five years after surgery, the right subcutaneous nodule and left inferior nodule were detected by multiple imaging modalities, and the nodules were accompanied by recurrence itching and elevation of PHT. A complete resection of two nodules was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with parathyroid carcinoma and parathyromatosis. At 8 months postsurgery, her PHT and serum calcium levels were stable, and there were no signs of recurrence.

Conclusions

This is a rare case of synchronous parathyroid carcinoma and parathyromatosis in a patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy. We suggest meticulous handling of parathyroid hyperplasia to avoid rupture and spillage during surgery, and precise pro-operation location by multiple imaging modalities is crucial for successful parathyroidectomy.
Effects of media campaign videos on stigma and attitudes towards treatment seeking for alcohol use disorder: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Wallhed Finn Sara , Mejldal Anna , Baskaran Ruben , Nielsen Anette Søgaard
Published: October 2023

Background

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most stigmatized diagnosis, and stigma imposes a major barrier to treatment seeking. There is a need to develop interventions that can reduce stigma and increase treatment seeking. Little is known about the effects of video materials. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of different videos. The primary outcome was public stigma, and secondary outcomes were: self-stigma, and motivation to change own alcohol use; talking to someone else about their alcohol use; seeking information about AUD treatment or seeking AUD treatment.

Methods

This is a three-armed double blind randomized controlled study. The study included 655 Danish adults. Data was collected at a study webpage, and the survey could be completed anywhere with Internet access. After informed consent and completing baseline measures, participants were randomized, 1:1:1 ratio, to a video (video 1 n = 228; video 2 n = 198; video 3 n = 229). Video 1 and 2 have been used in a national mass media campaign and video 3 was recorded for use in the present study. Immediately after exposure, follow-up measures were completed. Outcomes were analyzed with mixed effects linear regression.

Results

In total n = 616 completed follow-up (video 1 n = 215; video 2 n = 192; video 3 n = 209). Randomization to video 1 and 3 decreased public stigma measured with “Difference, Disdain & Blame Scales”, while video 2 increased stigma. Video 2 compared to 1: 2.262 (95% CI 1.155; 3.369) p < 0.001. Video 3 compared to 1: -0.082 (95% CI -1.170; 1.006) p = 0.882. Video 3 compared to 2: -2.344 (95% CI -3.455; -1.233) p = 0.882. All videos reduced motivation to change own alcohol use. Participants with hazardous alcohol use, were more sensitive to the different videos, compared to low-risk alcohol use. Video 2 decreased motivation to seek information about treatment. No effects were seen on motivation to seek treatment, motivation to talk to someone else or self-stigma.

Conclusions

Videos can have an immediate effect on level of public stigma. Other types of interventions are needed to increase motivation and reduce self-stigma. To avoid adverse effects in future interventions, the use of theoretical frameworks and stakeholder involvement is emphasized.
Symptom burden, fatigue, sleep quality and perceived social support in hemodialysis patients with musculoskeletal discomfort: a single center experience from Egypt
Authors: Nassar Mohammed Kamal , Tharwat Samar , Abdel-Gawad Sara M. , Elrefaey Rabab , Elsawi Alaa A. , Elsayed Abdelrahman Mohamed , Nagy Eman , Shabaka Shimaa , Shemies Rasha Samir
Published: October 2023

Background and aims

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are commonly encountered in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, the causes linked to these disorders are still partially defined. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of MSDs and their relationship to a variety of clinico-social characteristics such as sleep quality, mood disorders, fatigue, and social support, in addition to the patients’ clinical and therapeutic profile.

Method

The study included 94 patients on maintenance HD. Clinical and Sociodemographic data was gathered. To investigate the prevalence and trends of MSDs, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E) was employed. Patients completed the modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), and Perceived Social Support from Family Scales. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to assess the determinants of MSDs.

Results

The patients' mean age was 49.73 and 59.6% were males. Seventy-two percent of patients were afflicted by MSDs. Knee pain (48.9%), low back pain (43.6%), shoulder pain (41.6%), hip/thigh pain (35.1%), and neck pains (35.1%) were the most reported MSD domains. Pain (p = 0.001), fatigue (p = 0.01), depression (p = 0.015), and anxiety (p = 0.003) scores were substantially higher in patients with MSDs. Furthermore, patients with MSDs engaged in less physical activity (p = 0.02) and perceived less social support (p = 0.029). Patients with MSDs had lower subjective sleep quality, daytime dysfunction domains, and global PSQI scores (p = 0.02, 0.031, 0.036, respectively). Female gender (p = 0.013), fatigue (p = 0.012), depression (p = 0.014), anxiety (p = 0.004), lower activity (p = 0.029), and PSQI score (0.027), use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), antihypertensive drugs, calcium and Iron supplementation were all significantly associated with MSDs. At the multivariable regression model, administration of ESAs (p = 0.017) and pain score (p = 0.040) were the only independent variables associated with the outcome.

Conclusion

MSDs are quite common among HD patients. Female gender, pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety, reduced activity, poor sleep quality, and use of ESAs are all significantly associated with MSDs in HD patients. Patients with MSD perceived less social support compared to the other group. Patients treated with antihypertensive drugs, calcium and iron supplements were more likely to suffer MSDs.
Study of prostate-specific antigen levels during salvage radiotherapy after prostate cancer surgery
Authors: Aizawa Takuya , Maebayashi Toshiya , Ishibashi Naoya , Sakaguchi Masakuni , Sato Akahiko , Yamaguchi Kenya
Published: October 2023

Background

Administration of adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy (RT) after prostate cancer (PCa) surgery is supported by clinical evidence and is a widely adopted strategy. On occasion, we detect changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, such as a transient elevation or decline, during RT. Thus, we retrospectively investigated the frequency of changes in PSA levels, their associations with histopathological parameters, PSA doubling time (PSADT), and biochemical recurrence (BR) of PCa.

Methods

This study included 23 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for PCa between 2012 and 2019, received salvage RT without hormone therapy, and exhibited changes in PSA levels during RT. The prostatic bed was irradiated with a total dose of 64 to 66 Gy. BR was defined as consecutive PSA levels exceeding 0.2 ng/mL or having to start hormone therapy because of PSA elevation after salvage RT.

Results

During salvage RT after PCa surgery, PSA levels transiently increased in 11 patients (47.8%) and decreased in 12 (52.2%). When factors associated with BR were examined in patients with transient PSA elevation, seminal vesicle invasion and preoperative PSA values were identified as being statistically significant. When factors for BR were examined in patients with a decline in PSA levels, the Gleason score and PSADT were identified as being significant. Among the cases of a decline in PSA levels during salvage RT, those who received a radiation dose of less than 36 Gy did not experience BR. Similarly, patients who exhibited changes in PSA levels during salvage RT and did not have perineural invasion did not experience BR.

Conclusion

This is the first study to examine the histopathological factors possibly affecting BR in patients undergoing salvage RT after PCa surgery. The results indicate that in patients with transient PSA elevation, seminal vesicle invasion is a significant risk factor. On the other hand, in patients with a decline in PSA levels during irradiation, the Gleason score and perineural invasion were found to be potential risk factors for BR. These findings suggest that a thorough examination of postoperative histopathological results may be necessary for the optimal management of patients with PCa.
The continuous adverse impact of COVID-19 on temporomandibular disorders and bruxism: comparison of pre- during- and post-pandemic time periods
Authors: Shalev-Antsel Tamar , Winocur-Arias Orit , Friedman-Rubin Pessia , Naim Guy , Keren Lihi , Eli Ilana , Emodi-Perlman Alona
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Some of the conditions affected by the COVID-19 pandemic were Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and bruxism. The present study compares the effect of the pandemic on TMD and bruxism (sleep and awake) in three time periods: before the pandemic (pre-COV), during the pandemic (during-COV) and after the pandemic subsided (post-COVR).

Material and Methods

A total of 587 adult patients (108 in the pre-COV group, 180 in the during-COV group and 252 in the post-COVR group) who arrived for a routine dental treatment between October 2018 and January 2023 were evaluated according to Axis I diagnosis of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Each patient received a DC/TMD Axis I diagnosis as follows: (i) Painful TMD (defined by the presence of at least one of the following - local myalgia, myofascial pain with referral, arthralgia or headache attributed to TMD); (ii) Non painful TMD (defined by the presence of disc displacement with/without reduction, degenerative joint disorders and/or dislocation), (iii) Possible sleep bruxism (SB) and/or (iv) Possible awake bruxism (AB).

Statistical methods

Logistic regression analyses were conducted to establish the impact of time and gender on the prospects of painful TMD, non-painful TMD, SB and AB.

Results

The odds of subjects to be diagnosed with painful TMD at the post-COVR era were 3.3 times higher compared to the pre-pandemic time period (pre-COV, 95% C.I. 1.438–7.585). The odds of subjects to be diagnosed with non-painful TMD during-COV were 4 times higher compared to the pre-COV era (95% C.I. 1.332–12.542). The odds of subjects to present possible SB at post-COVR were 2.7 times higher compared to pre-pandemic (pre-COV, 95% C.I. 1.258–5.889, p < 0.05) and the odds to present possible AB after the pandemic subsided (post-COVR) were 3.2 times compared to the pre-pandemic period (95% C.I. 1.496–6.949). The odds of female subjects to be diagnosed with either painful or non-painful TMD were 3.7–4.4 times higher, compared to males.

Conclusions

Results indicate that with regard to TMD and bruxism the pandemic adverse effects persist also after COVID-19 subsides and the restrictions caused by it are abolished. Apparently, during the pandemic females were affected more seriously by painful and non-painful TMD than males.