bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis analysis of Aggressive angiomyxoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li JunHu , You LiuPing , Wang Cheng , Zhao HanZheng , Guo WenLong , Yu JiaYong , Yuan ZhiHan , Qi Shuai , Huang YueNan
Published: December 2022

Background:Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare, locally invasive mesenchymal neoplasm with a high recurrence rate. However, our current research on the clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies and prognosis of aggressive angiomyxoma is limited. This study aimed to improve the management of aggressive angiomyxoma by evaluating the clinicopathological characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and prognostic factors associated with aggressive angiomyxomas.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients histopathologically diagnosed with aggressive angiomyxomas from May 2005 to January 2022. Data related to clinicopathological characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and survival time were recorded and analyzed. Survival and prognosis analyses were carried out to identify variables significantly associated with the outcomes.Results:fourteen patients were included in the study with a median follow-up of 78.8 months. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified tumor margin (P=0.012) and initial treatment site (P=0.039) as associated with disease-free survival (DFS). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that tumor margin had a greater effect on the prognosis of patients. Patients with positive tumor margins had a significantly lower probability of survival with DFS than those with negative margins (HR= 3.41, CI:2.73-15.74, P=0.012). Meanwhile, we found that patients who underwent surgery in other hospitals had a lower probability of survival with DFS. This difference in survival was statistically significant (HR=1.48, CI:1.09-2.50, P=0.039). To further demonstrate the results of this study, we constructed a Nomogram model. The results showed that the tumor margin and initial treatment site had the greatest effect on patient prognosis and the greatest contribution to risk score, which confirmed the results of Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis.Conclusion:Tumor margin and initial treatment site are closely associated with prognosis in aggressive angiomyxomas. Radical resection with negative tumor margins is the first choice of treatment for aggressive angiomyxomas. Patients with aggressive angiomyxomas should go to the comprehensive authoritative hospitals to obtain definitive diagnosis and effective treatment in in earlier stage. Furthermore, Patients with aggressive angiomyxomasrequire long-term follow-up, especially within three years after surgery.
Effect of Using Reclaimed Water via Furrow and Subsurface Drip Systems under Alternate Partial Root-Zone Irrigation Mechanism on Crops Growth and Soil Properties
Authors: Hashem Mahmoud S. , Guo Wei , Qi Xue-Bin , Li Ping , She Ying-jun , Cui Jiaxin , Li Tong
Published: December 2022

The growing population in conjunction with water scarcity forces us to search for alternative sources of irrigation water and integrate it with irrigation strategies for agricultural expansion to meet sustainable development objectives. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted over three years (2017, 2018, and 2019) to investigate the effect of water quality (reclaimed water (RW) and freshwater (CW)), irrigation techniques (subsurface drip irrigation (SDI and Furrow irrigation (FUI)), irrigation methods (Full irrigation (FI) and alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI (70% ETc)), and their interactions on the fresh fruit yield (FY), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of tomatoes. As well as evaluate the effects of these experimental factors on soil properties regard to electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and organic matter (OM) of Soil. The experiment was undertaken over three growing spring seasons in China. There were eight treatments in the experiment. For all three years, the yield, IWUE, and NUE values of all treatments under RW were high compared with the corresponding values under CW. The same occurred under SDI compared with FUI. Analysis of variances showed that there was no significant effect (P > 0.05) of water quality, irrigation technique, and irrigation methods on the soil EC, PH, and OM over the three years. In addition, there was no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the interaction between the experimental factors over the three years. In conclusion, the application of RW under SDI can result in saving CW and increasing productivity without any negative effect on the investigated soil properties, as well as, when RW-SDI is used in conjunction with APRI, it can result in increasing IWUE.
Isostearic acid is an active component of imiquimod formulations 2 used to induce psoriaform disease models
Authors: Burnet Michael , Strass Simon , Späth nadja , Geiger johanna , Martorelli Mariella , Geiger sophia , Cloos Natascha , Keppler Manuel , Fischer Tina , Riexinger laura , Schwamborn Anna , Guezguez jamil , Cruces Santiago , Guse jan-Hinrich , Luca-Sandri thaisa , Laufer stefan
Published: December 2022

Topical imiquimod based creams are indicated as immune stimulants for papillomas and various 13 skin neoplasms. Imiquimod is considered a TLR7 ligand. These creams are also used in research to 14 induce skin inflammation in mice as a model for psoriasis. We observed that this inflammatory 15 response was not strictly imiquimod dependent and we set out to establish which components 16 drive the proinflammatory effects. To this end, we examined the induction response in a 17 BALB/cJRj mouse model, in which 50 mg of cream is applied to 2 cm2 of skin (125 mg/kg imiquimod 18 – 5% W/V, and/or 625 mg/kg isostearic acid – 25% W/V). Comparing cream formulations contain- 19 ing isostearic acid, imiquimod and the combination, we observed that isostearic acid causes skin 20 inflammation within 2 days, whereas imiquimod requires up to 5 days for initial signs. Isostearic 21 acid activated an inflammasome response, stimulated release of proinflammatory cytokines and 22 upregulated the IL-23/17 axis. Animals treated with isostearic acid had enlarged livers (+40% 23 weight), which was not observed with imiquimod alone. Imiquimod was readily metabolized and 24 cleared from plasma and liver, but was maintained at high levels in the skin throughout the body 25 (200 mM at area of application; 200 µM in untreated skin). Imiquimod application was associated 26 with splenomegaly, cytokine induction/release and initial body weight loss over 3 days. Despite 27 high imiquimod skin levels throughout the animal, inflammation was only apparent in the treated 28 areas and was less severe than in isostearic acid groups. As the concentrations in these areas are 29 well above the 10 µM required for TLR7 responses in vitro, there is an implication that skin in- 30 flammation following imiquimod is due to effects other than TLR7 agonism (e.g., adenosine re- 31 ceptor agonism). In brain, isostearic caused no major changes in cytokine expression while 32 imiquimod alone sightly stimulated expression of IL-1β and CCL9. However, the combination of 33 both caused brain induction of CCL3, -9, CXCL10, -13, IL-1β and TNFα. The implication of these 34 data is that isostearic acid facilitates the entry of imiquimod or peripherally secreted cytokines 35 into the brain. Our data suggest that psoriaform skin responses in mice are more driven by isos- 36 tearic acid, than generally reported and that the dose and route used in the model, leads to pro- 37 found systemic effects, which may complicate the interpretation of drug effects in this model.
Immune cell targeted Fumaric Esters support a role of GPR109A as a 2 primary target of Monomethyl Fumarate in vivo
Authors: Burnet Michael , Strass Simon , Geiger johanna , Cloos Natascha , Spaeth nadja , Geiger sophia , Schwamborn Anna , d'oliviera Luciano , Martorelli Mariella , Guse jan-Hinrich , Luca-Sandri thaisa , Laufer stefan
Published: December 2022

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is approved as a treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), however, its mode of action remains unclear. One hypothesis proposes that Michael addition to thiols by DMF, notably gluta- thione is immunomodulatory. The alternative proposes that monomethyl fumarate (MMF), the hydrolysis product of DMF, is a ligand to the fatty acid receptor GPR109A found in the lysosomes of immune cells. We prepared esters of MMF and macrolides derived from azithromycin, which were tropic to immune cells by virtue of lysosomal trapping. We tested the effects of these substances in an assay of response to LPS in freshly isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this system, we observed that the 4’’ ester of MMF (compound 2 and 3) reduced levels of IL-1β, IL-12 and TNFα significantly at a concentration of 1 µM, while DMF required about 25 µM for the same effect. The 2’ esters of MMF (compound 1 and 2) were, like MMF itself, inactive in vitro. The 4’’ ester formed glutathione conjugates rapidly while the 2’ conjugates did not react with thiols but did hydrolyze slowly to release MMF in these cells. We then tested the sub-stances in vivo using the imiquimod/isostearate model of psoriasis where the 2’ ester was the most active at 0.06 to 0.12 mg/kg (approximately 0.1 µmol/kg), improving skin score, body weight and cytokine levels (TNFα, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-6, IL-1β, NLRP3 and IL-23A). In contrast, the thiol reactive 4’’ ester was less active than the 2’ ester while DMF was ca. 300-fold less active. The thiol reactive 4’’ ester was not easily recovered from either plasma or organs while the 2’ ester exhibited conventional uptake and elimination. The 2’ ester also reduced levels of IL-6 in acute MSU induced inflammation. These data suggest that mechanisms that are relevant in vivo center on the release of MMF. Given that GPR109A is localized to the lysosome, and that lysosomal trapping increases 2’ ester activity by >300 fold, these data suggest that GPR109A may be the main target in vivo. In contrast, the effects associated with GSH conjugation in vitro are unlikely to be as effective in vivo due the much lower dose in use which cannot titrate the more concentrated thiols. These data support the case for GPR109A modulation in autoimmune diseases.
Surface Inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate with Hypochlorous Acid is Impacted by Surface Type, Contact Time, Inoculum Matrix, and Concentration
Authors: Hamilton Allyson N. , Chandran Sahaana , Baker Christopher A. , Gibson Kristen E.
Published: December 2022

Indirect contact with contaminated surfaces is a potential transmission route for COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate convenient and inexpensive surface sanitization methods, such as HOCl, against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, Phi6 (~ 7 log PFU/mL), was prepared in artificial saliva and tripartite matrices, spot inoculated (8–12 spots, 100 µL) on 25 cm2 coupons of either stainless steel or vinyl, and allowed to dry for 45 min. The coupons were sprayed with ~ 3 mL of either 500 ppm or 1,000 ppm HOCl. Exposure times were 0 s (control), 5 s, 30 s, or 60 s. Samples were eluted with 2 mL of Dey-Engley neutralizing broth by 5x repeated pipetting and plated via the double agar overlay assay. Statistical analysis was completed in R using a generalized linear model with Quasipoisson error approximations. Time, concentration, surface type, and inoculum matrix were all significant contributors to log reduction at P = 0.05. Significant three-way interactions were observed for 1000 ppm, vinyl, and 60 s (P = 0.03) and 1000 ppm, tripartite, and 60s (P = 0.0121). A significant two-way interaction between vinyl and 60 s was also observed (P = 0.0168). Overall, increased HOCl concentration and exposure time led to increased Phi6 reduction. Notably, the highest estimated mean log reduction was 3.31 (95% CI: 3.14, 3.49) for stainless steel at 60 s and 1,000 ppm HOCl in artificial saliva, indicating that this method of sanitization may not adequately reduce enveloped viruses to below infective thresholds.
Prenatal diagnosis at different gestational times and clinical features of choledochal cysts: A single tertiary center report
Authors: Yang Dan , Li Long , Diao Mei , Xie Xianghui , Ming Anxiao , Tian Yu , Gao Ruyue
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of prenatal diagnosis at different gestational times on the clinical features of patients with choledochal cysts (CDCs).
Methods
Medical records of patients with prenatally diagnosed CDCs admitted to our hospital (April 2013-April 2018) were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics and pathological CDC features were analyzed.
Results
Two hundred twenty cases were included. Patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 and group 2 had a prenatal diagnosis at ≤ 27 weeks of gestation (second trimester of gestation, n = 158) and > 27 weeks (third trimester of gestation, n = 62), respectively. The incidence of jaundice and the TBIL, IBIL and GGT levels were higher in Group 1 (P = 0.019, P = 0.029, P = 0.042, P = 0.007, respectively). The maximum cyst diameter at the time of surgery was larger in Group 1 (P = 0.015). An association study showed that the time of prenatal diagnosis was negatively correlated with the maximum cyst diameter both postnatally (r=-0.223, P = 0.001) and at the time of surgery (r=-0.268, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Unlike patients diagnosed at a late prenatal age, patients diagnosed at an early prenatal age tend to present clinical symptoms (jaundice, manifested as high indirect bilirubin), hepatic function damage, and large cysts at the time of surgery.
The prevalence of various menstrual disorders and its association with psychological stress in medical faculties students. A Cross-sectional study.
Authors: Alshayeb Sarah , Kahal Fares , Helwani Omar Al , Helwani Ahmad Al , Torbey Andre , Kadri Saeed , Aldarra Ahmad , Alsaadi Aya , Al-Habal Sedra , Moufti Mayssa , Alswaedan Ghofran , Johari Massa , Albaghajati Sara , Sarraj Hala , Ataya Sham , Mansour Maznh , Sakka Kanaan
Published: December 2022

Background: Menstrual disorders are of the most prevalent health issues in young female students studying in health science faculties. The purpose of this study was to provide an insight on the menstrual patterns among medical faculties students, and to determine whether stress can be an identified factor for its various disorders.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Faculties of Medicine, Dentistry and pharmacy in the Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria, between October and November of 2022. Nine hundred and eighty female students anonymously completed the identification of menstrual problems and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire. The date was analyzed with Social Science Statistics Package.
Results: The mean age of the students was 21.52 ± 2.06 years. The most common menstrual disorders in this study were dysmenorrhea (88%), premenstrual syndrome (87%), and irregular menstrual cycle (21%). We found a statistically significant relationship between the occurrence of irregular menstrual cycle and amenorrhea, polymenorrhea, and oligomenorrhea. 82% had mild to moderate stress, 10% had high stress, while 8% had low stress. There was a statistically significant relationship between stress and abnormal vaginal bleeding, oligomenorrhea, and menstrual irregularity.
Conclusion: There was a really high prevalence of stress among these students, which was also associated with the occurrence of various menstrual disorders, both of which can not only have an impact on a student's ability to function academically, but also may potentially have detrimental impacts on their reproductive and mental health. It is for that reason we advise that all students of medical faculties get brief courses on stress management strategies as part of their curriculum. Additionally, all medical faculties universities should set up procedures for the early detection of individuals with stress and menstruation disorders. The identified students with high stress levels should also get prompt gynaecological and psychiatric counselling.
'Make No Little Plans' The Incomplete but Continuing Renaissance of Liverpool
Authors: Parkinson Michael
Published: December 2022

Liverpool is an endlessly fascinating, challenging city. It has a grip on people's imaginations in a way few other cities do – nationally or internationally. During the past century the city went from the second city of the greatest empire the world had ever seen into a post imperial
period of economic decline and political despair. But it has emerged Phoenix-like as one of the most signi ficant examples of urban renaissance in the UK. Its story has many lessons for the external world. This paper examines this continuing if incomplete renaissance of Liverpool. It assesses
the economic decline that caused its physical, social, and political fragmentation during the 1970s and the many plans since then seeking to revive and reconnect it. It charts the city's fall in the 1980s, its gradual normalization in the 1990s, its extraordinary success as a European city
in the first part of this century and its eff orts to remain ambitious in an age of austerity. It identi fies the key drivers of change, in particular local, national, and European regeneration initiatives and plans. It asks what needs to be done to continue the renaissance in terms of productivity,
place, and people. It examines the current risks to the city in the light of the impact of Brexit, COVID, the loss of UNESCO World Heritage Status as well as its recent political crises and the imposition of Government Commissioners. A key message from the Liverpool story for governments and
other cities is that renaissance is possible even in the most diffi cult circumstances, and that public resources, commitment, and planning have a large part to play.
Climate Change Adaptation and Built Environment Resilience: East Kolkata Wetland Strategies
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Chandrima
Published: December 2022

In developing countries, poverty alleviation and development are key policy drivers, and ideally these strategies should align with climate change adaptation and resilience as well. This study explores those challenges through an inductive investigation into the East Kolkata Wetland
(EKW), the 'wise-use' of wastewater, alignment with climate change adaptation, resilience and poverty alleviation. EKW is a 12,500 ha Ramsar site, close to Kolkata Metropolitan Area in eastern India and connected to Sunderban and the Bay of Bengal. While there are illegal demand-driven developments
within EKW, the study explores how planning might provide for development while preserving the critical functions of a wetland. The study addresses three topics: (1) the socio-ecological model; (2) planning approaches to the wetland; and (3) how those might contribute to poverty alleviation.
This study of EKW centres on the past and present ecological history of the city and includes analysis of future physical and institutional relations between the city and the wetland. The study benefits from participatory mapping exercises involving indigenous fishing and farming communities.
ALİ DEDE BOSNEVÎ’NİN İBN SÎNÂ’YA AİT KASÎDE-İ RÛHİYYE’YE YAPTIĞI MANZUM TERCÜME
Authors: ALZYOUT Hassan Abdallah
Published: December 2022

İbn Sînâ’nın ruh konusu üzerine alegorik bir üslupla Arapça olarak kaleme aldığı Rûhâniyye kasidesi, çok sayıda âlim tarafından Arapça olarak şerh edilmesinin yanı sıra İngilizce, Fransızca, Tacikçe ve Rusçaya tercüme edildiği gibi Türk edebiyatında da şerh ve tercüme geleneği içinde önemli bir yer kazanmıştır. Türk edebiyatında tespit edilmiş üç şerhi bulunan bu kaside dört defa da mensur olarak Türkçeye tercüme edilmiştir. Ancak kasidenin ilk ve yegâne manzum tercümesi Ali Dede Bosnevî’nin (öl. 1007/1598) tercümesidir. Kaynak metnin nazım şekline sadık kalan ancak vezni ve kafiyesi kaynak metinle aynı olmayan bu tercüme bugüne dek müstakil herhangi bir ilmi çalışmaya konu edilmemiştir. Ali Dede Bosnevî’nin Rûhâniyye tercümesini inceleyerek ilim âlemine sunmak amacını güden bu çalışma başlıca iki bölümden müteşekkil olup ilk bölümünde; Ali Dede Bosnevî’nin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında muhtasar bilgiler verilip söz konusu tercüme karşılaştırmalı edebiyat ve çevribilim disiplinleri odağında incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise söz konusu tercümenin tenkitli metnine yer verilmiştir.
DO PREOPERATIVE IL-1BETA, IL-6 AND TNF-ALPHA LEVELS OF PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY SURGERY AFFECT THE POSTOPERATIVE FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL RESULTS?
Authors: ERDEN Arzu , CANLI Kübra , EMİRZEOĞLU Murat , ÖZER  YAMAN Serap , PEKŞEN İbrahim , AYNACI Osman , CANER KARAHAN Süleyman , PARMAKSIZ Ayhan
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Serum cytokines were associated with symptoms and progression of osteoarthritis. It is unknown whether these cytokines have a predictive role on the severity of symptoms after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or not. This study was performed to investigate the effect of preoperative Serum Cytokine Levels (SCL) on length of stay in hospital (LOS), postoperative pain intensity, functional status, joint position sense, and change in X-ray.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with Grade 4 osteoarthritis degeneration level were included in the study. SCL (IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta) were assessed before surgery. Pain intensity at rest/activity and lower limb alignment were evaluated preoperative, postoperative 72nd hour and 6th week. Functional status and joint position sense were assessed before surgery and 6 weeks after surgery. Length of stay in hospital was also recorded.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 67.55±6.55 years. The length of stay in the hospital mean was 6.48±3.06 day (min:3, max:16 days). Preoperative IL-6 and TNF-alpha level negatively correlated with functional status in the 6th week after surgery (r=0.46; p=0.01, r=0.39; p=0.03). Also, there was a positive correlation between preoperative TNF-alpha and the lower limb alignment at the 6th week after surgery (r=0.39; p=0.04).

Conclusion: Patients with osteoarthritis who had lower preoperative IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels had better functional status and better lower limb alignment in the postoperative period. So in order to decide TKA surgery timing, primarily decreasing SCL might be caused better biomechanical development after surgery. Preoperative SCL was not directly related to the length of stay in the hospital.
Uncertainty analysis of water quality in water distribution system
Authors: Xiong Xiaolu , Wang Yumin
Published: December 2022

Water quality simulation is affected by uncertain parameters such as pipe roughness coefficients, chlorine bulk decay coefficients, and chlorine wall decay coefficients, which are usually considered to be fuzzy variables. The minimum and maximum nodal chlorine concentrations and water ages at each α-cut level were obtained by the genetic algorithm (GA) based on EPANET hydraulic and water quality simulation toolkit. The fuzziness of nodal chlorine concentrations and water ages were measured using the fuzziness measure (FM) proposed in this paper. The method was applied to four networks to analyze the fuzziness of nodal chlorine concentrations and water ages. The results indicated that the distribution of nodal chlorine concentrations does not follow typical trapezoid distribution, while the distribution of nodal water ages follows typical trapezoid distribution. In addition, the chlorine concentration and water ages of nodes farther from the source are affected by uncertain parameters to a greater extent. The greater demands of nodes lead to less effects of uncertain parameters on chlorine concentration, and greater effects of uncertain parameters on water ages. This study would help in analyzing the fuzziness of hydraulic and water quality simulation results in WDS under uncertain conditions.
Bayesian geoadditive water pipe failure forecasting model by optimizingthe updating period
Authors: Balekelayi Ngandu , Tesfamariam Solomon
Published: December 2022

Municipal water managers rely on pipe deterioration models to plan maintenance, repair, and replacement. Although efforts have been made to increase their accuracy, these models are subject to uncertainties in the predictions. In this paper, an optimization procedure of the Bayesian updating period of the parameters of an existing deterioration model is proposed to sequentially reduce the uncertainty in the prediction of the water pipe breakage rate variable. This latter is modeled using a structured geoadditive regression technique where covariates are allowed to have linear (e.g., categorical) and nonlinear (e.g., continuous) relationships with the response variable. Unknown and unobserved covariates are included in the model through a geospatial component that captures spatial auto-correlations and local heterogeneities. The optimization procedure searches through the time series data to identify the optimal updating period horizon that corresponds to the minimum error between the predicted coefficient of determination between predictions and observations using the unupdated and updated models. The process is repeated until the entire time series data is covered. The application of this approach to failure data of large Canadian urban water systems shows a significant reduction in the uncertainty of the parameters and increases the accuracy in the prediction of the output response variable.
Projection of extreme precipitation in the Minjiang River Basin, Southeast China
Authors: Li Xinxin , Chen Xiaochen , Yang Ting , Tang Zhenfei , Wen Zhenzhi , Meng Bingxiang
Published: December 2022

Extreme precipitation events, which have intensified with global warming, will have a serious influence on society. Based on the latest generation of CMIP6 climate models and high-resolution grid observation data, the quantile mapping method and Taylor diagrams were used to correct and evaluate the simulation values. Six extreme precipitation indices for the near (2021–2040), middle (2051–2070), and far (2081–2100) periods of the 21st century were analyzed under shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). The results show that most of the extreme precipitation indices will increase over the Minjiang River Basin in the future, and both extreme precipitation and persistent drought will increase at the same time, which is more likely to cause extreme drought and flood disasters. For seasonal variation, the total amount and intensity of extreme precipitation will increase fastest in autumn, while the frequency of extreme precipitation will increase most in summer. Multimodel median changes show a decrease in the return period of RX1day (the maximum 1-day precipitation). By the end of the 21st century, under SSP5-8.5, the extreme events expected once every 100 years under the current climate are expected to occur approximately every 18.6 years.
Spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of meteorological drought in the Northwest of Yellow River Basin and its response to large-scale climatic factors
Authors: Fu Yinghao , Shen Xiaojing , Li Wangcheng , Wu Xu , Zhang Qingqing
Published: December 2022

The Northwest of Yellow River Basin (YRB) is an arid and semi-arid region. This study employs wavelet analysis, dry area coverage, drought frequency, and Mann–Kendall test trend to investigates the evolution characteristics of drought in the Northwest of YRB and the impact of macro climatic conditions on drought. The scale of season and year Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was mostly represented as alternating dry and wet weather in this region. SPEI decreased significantly in each season, indicating increased drought. The drought situation changed abruptly in 1968, and the change was more obvious around 2000. Drought trend in autumn is more noticeable than in the other three seasons. The average annual dry area covers 34%. The drought frequency in each station at the annual scale was between 30.78% and 46.15%, its high values are mainly concentrated in the western region. The main cycles of annual SPEI changes are 37 and 5 years; spring is 45 and 10 years; summer is 20 and 5 years; autumn is 36, 10, and 5 years; winter is 45, 22, and 5 years. Furthermore, drought occurrence and changes are closely related to large-scale climatic factors, with El Niño-Southern Oscillation having the greatest impact on drought.
Insights into enhanced removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solutions by attapulgite supported sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron
Authors: Ren Jun , Ma Gui , Zhao Weifan , Tao Ling , Zhou Yue , Liao Caiyun , Tian Xia , Wang Huan , Meng Kai , He Yongjie , Dai Liang
Published: December 2022

The sulfidation of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has received increasing attention for reducing the oxidizability of nZVI and improving its reactivity toward heavy metal ions. Here, a sulfide (S)-modified attapulgite (ATP)-supported nanoscale nZVI composite (S-nZVI@ATP) was rapidly synthesized under acidic conditions and used to alleviate Cd2+ toxicity from an aqueous solution. The degree of oxidation of S-nZVI@ATP was less than that of nZVI@ATP, indicating that the sulfide modification significantly reduced the oxidation of nZVI. The optimal loading ratio was at an S-to-Fe molar ratio of 0.75, and the adsorption performance of S-nZVI@ATP for Cd2+ was significantly improved compared with that of nZVI@ATP. The removal of Cd2+ by S-nZVI@ATP was 100% when the adsorbent addition was 1 g/L, the solution was 30 mL, and the adsorption was performed at 25 °C for 24 h with an initial Cd2+ concentration of 100 mg/L. Kinetics studies showed that the adsorption process of Cd followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that chemisorption was the dominant adsorption mechanism. The adsorption of Cd2+ by S-nZVI @ATP is dominated by the complexation between the iron oxide or iron hydroxide shell of S-nZVI and Cd2+ and the formation of Cd(OH)2 and CdS precipitates.
Desafíos de la educación emocional en el sistema educativo escolar chileno
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Temuco, Fernández Calisto Camila , Tripailaf Sanzana Camila ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco, Arias Ortega Katerin ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco
Published: December 2022

En este artículo se presenta un análisis que problematiza los principales desafíos del sistema educativo escolar chileno, para incorporar la educación emocional desde primero a sexto año de Educación Básica en su currículum escolar. La metodología es cualitativa, de tipo descriptivo y corresponde a una revisión documental de las Bases Curriculares de nueve asignaturas del currículum escolar chileno. La técnica de análisis de la información es el análisis de contenido, mediante el cual se buscan develar los núcleos de sentido explícitos e implícitos sobre la educación emocional en la educación escolar. Los principales resultados permiten sostener que en el currículum escolar chileno predomina una invisibilización transversal del desarrollo de la educación emocional en sus contenidos escolares y, por consecuencia, en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Concluimos en la urgencia de repensar los currículos escolares, para así poder avanzar en la incorporación de la educación emocional, lo que favorecería el éxito escolar y educativo de todos los estudiantes.
Asociación entre factores institucionales y escolares con la propensión de deserción escolar en colegios militarizados
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Lozano Treviño David , Maldonado Maldonado Lauro ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Published: December 2022

El abandono escolar en los bachilleratos militarizados es un tema alarmante para los directivos escolares, ya que gran parte del estudiantado padece alguna situación de vulnerabilidad. Diversos factores explican este fenómeno y su atención se debe dar de manera focalizada. El objetivo de la presente investigación es asociar factores institucionales como la Reprobación, Aspectos Positivos Docentes, Orden Institucional, Características Positivas del Colegio y Recursos Institucionales con la Propensión de Deserción Escolar de los alumnos del CBM. El estudio fue no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional con una muestra de 350 estudiantes. Se plantea un modelo teórico que refleja los indicadores comprendidos en los constructos. Además, se sugiere un modelo empírico que muestra los resultados de las asociaciones negativas de Características Positivas del Colegio, Aspectos Positivos Docentes y Orden Institucional con la inclinación por renunciar al bachillerato y las asociaciones positivas de Recursos Institucionales y Reprobación con el constructo dependiente.
Análise epidemiológica do câncer de esôfago nas regiões do Brasil nos últimos 5 anos
Authors: Rezende Medeiros Leite Amanda , Corrêa da Silva Junior Sidnei , Rodrigues Ferraz Adriana , Teixeira Freitas Felipe
Published: December 2022

O câncer de esôfago apresenta altas taxas de mortalidade, podendo ser dividido em epidermoide ou escamoso e em adenocarcinoma. O diagnóstico geralmente é tardio e seus principais sintomas são disfagia e perda de peso. Predomina no sexo masculino e tem tanto influência hereditária quanto ambiental. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o panorama do câncer de esôfago nas regiões do Brasil nos últimos cinco anos, correlacionando dados importantes envolvendo número de internações, faixa etária, sexo, número de óbitos, taxa de mortalidade, gasto total e média de permanência hospitalar, além de avaliar características culturais de determinadas regiões e outros fatores de risco a fim de concluir se a doença se encaminha para um melhor controle na atualidade. Para isso foi realizada uma coleta de dados no DATASUS. Confirmando os dados já existentes a região Sul mostrou-se a mais afetada pela doença, com o maior número de internações considerando a proporção populacional, porém, obteve a menor taxa de mortalidade, sendo as maiores do norte e centro-oeste. O sexo mais acometido foi o sexo masculino e a faixa etária de maior incidência foi a de 50 a 79 anos. Por esse motivo, o rastreamento da doença precisa ser melhorado, sobretudo na faixa etária mais acometida a fim de possibilitar um diagnóstico precoce, assim como é necessário que o estímulo seja dado para que, com a modificação dos hábitos de vida, sua incidência diminua.

 

Palavras-chave: epidemiologia; neoplasias esofágicas; neoplasias; neoplasias gastrointestinais
Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes: Is a Cure Possible?
Authors: Chuzho Neihenuo , Mishra Neetu , Tandon Nikhil , Kumar Neeraj
Published: December 2022

The current standard method for type 1 diabetes (T1D) management majorly focuses on
controlling blood glucose levels with exogeneous insulin administration. Recent developments
have focused on finding ways to predict and prevent the development of T1D, as well as finding a
curative therapy for T1D. Such developments include β-cell replacement therapy by islet transplantation,
non-insulin adjunct therapy, gene and stem cell-based therapies, immunotherapy, and automated
treatment with an artificial pancreas. In recent years, non-traditional alternative therapy has
also become a popular treatment option for T1D. This review discusses the various therapeutic options
for T1D currently under various stages of development, the challenges associated with the
present strategies, and their potential to eventually change the way T1D is treated.
WITHDRAWN: Intermedin 1-53 Ameliorates Atrial Fibrosis and Reduces
Inducibility of Atrial Fibrillation via TGF-β1/pSmad3 and Nox4 Pathways
in a Rat Model of Heart Failure
Authors: Hou Yinglong , Ma Shenzhou , Wang Ximin , Li Zhan
Published: December 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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Wastewater Types, Characteristics and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Pathak Uttarini , Banerjee Avishek , Kumar Das Subham , Roy Teetas , Mandal Tamal
Published: December 2022

One of the most important issues in recent times is the remediation of wastewater discharged from different industries. Several of the growing economies have been investing heavily to reduce the discharged waste content for economic and environmental sustainability. The wastewater when discharged into natural water bodies harms the flora and fauna of the surrounding environment, which in turn disrupts the ecosystem and affects the food chain. It also increases and possesses a variety of health risks to human beings. To eliminate the potential threats, a critical analysis of the past research and upcoming remediation technologies is necessary. Over the years, a lot of advancements have been made to curb the disruption of the natural ecology from effluent discharges by different industries like the leather industry wastewater, Rice mill wastewater, pharmaceutical industry wastewater and Coke Oven wastewater. The common characterization techniques that are employed in all of them are to measure the COD and BOD levels, pH, odor, TSS, organic and inorganic materials. Subsequently, the common technologies that are in use to treat these wastewaters are mainly physicochemical treatments like adsorption, electro-coagulation/flocculation, nanofiltration, Fenton’s oxidation or biological treatments like aerobic/anaerobic microbial degradation. An important requirement is to understand the situation currently prevalent in wastewater treatment to develop better and advanced methods for increased efficiency and waste removal. The aim of this chapter is to give a detailed account on the composition, characterization, and treatment strategies of the discharged effluent to enhance the knowledge of available resources and instigate ideas of future improvements.
High Gravity Technology for Improving Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment Processes
Authors: Karmakar Sudhanya , Bhowal Avijit , Das Papita , Mondal Abhijit
Published: December 2022

Conventional technologies such as stripping, liquid-liquid extraction, chemical precipitation, adsorption, and the advanced oxidation process among others have been applied for the treatment of wastewater. The imposition of stricter regulations on discharge limits has led to a search for novel technologies to make the conventional wastewater treatment technologies efficient and cost-effective. High gravity technology uses centrifugal force to create artificial gravity which is hundreds of times the terrestrial gravitational force. Equipment working in high gravity environment intensifies the rate of mass transfer, micromixing and allows a higher amount of fluid to flow through the devices. The usefulness of high gravity technology for enhancing the performance of wastewater treatment processes has been discussed.
Recent Trends in Advanced Oxidation and Catalytic Processes for Removal of Heavy Metals, Dyes, and Xenobiotics
Authors: Kishor Rupak , Kumari Suneeta , Muthuraj Muthusivaramapandian , Selvaraju Narayanasamy
Published: December 2022

Heavy metals, dyes and xenobiotic compounds are the primary
environmental contaminants that are accumulating at higher rates attributed to
increased industrialization and uncontrolled release without treatment. These pollutants
have also raised serious concerns about life on earth, attributed to their recalcitrance
and tenacity in the environment. The treatment strategies currently utilize chemical
methods, such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and catalytic processes,
whereas biological processes such as adsorption and accumulation are also
predominant. However, AOPs and catalytic processes are proven to be the potential
methods for heavy metals, dyes, and xenobiotic pollutant remediation in large-scale
applications. Identification and synthesis of novel molecules/ materials that can
effectively recover and remediate heavy metals, dyes and xenobiotic compounds from
wastewater remain one of the key approaches. This chapter highlights the success of
AOPs and catalytic processes in the degradation of dyes, pharmaceuticals compounds,
and heavy metal ions from different water environments and possible future prospects.
Developments in Adsorption Technologies for Removal of Heavy Metals, Dyes, and Xenobiotics
Authors: Chatterjee Abhijit , Mahapatra Uttara , Schiewer Silke
Published: December 2022

Anthropogenic activities have led to widespread pollution in aquatic bodies
due to extensive dissemination of refractory contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes,
and xenobiotics. Adsorption is well recognized as a suitable technology for the removal
of these pollutants. The major objective of this book chapter is to summarize recent
advancement in this field. Accordingly, the book chapter starts with a brief introduction
explaining the potential of the technology as compared to other competitive operations,
followed by the identification of thrust areas to work on and the construction of a
“template” to evaluate the progress in the technology. Next, recent developments in the
preparation of various types of adsorbents (activated carbon-based traditional
adsorbents, zeolites and clay minerals, adsorbents of biological origin, composite
adsorbents having nanoparticles impregnated in a suitable matrix) have been
elaborated. The chapter then focuses on how different process parameters may affect
the efficiency of these adsorbents in removal of heavy metals, dyes, and xenobiotics.
Finally, a comprehensive discussion has been made about how different mathematical
models have been applied in recent times to fit experimental equilibrium and kinetic
data obtained from the batch adsorption experiments, along with a critical evaluation of
frequently used models. The chapter ends with a recommendation regarding future
trends in adsorption technology.
Bioderived and Bioconjugated Materials for Remediation of Heavy Metals and Dyes from Wastewater
Authors: Joshi S.R. , Kalita Debajit
Published: December 2022

The present review draws on a wide range of resources available on
bioderived, bioconjugated, chemisorption technologies and strategies known for
degradation of heavy metals. The prevalent escalation in application of heavy metals,
chemically synthesized dyes and xenobiotic compounds has created major
environmental disruptions. Industries, mining, vehicles, and household activities
release heavy metals and their derivatives into a multitude of water resources.
Contaminated water provides an easy ingress of these contaminants into human and
animal system resulting in exposure related disorders like mutagenesis, carcinogenesis
and other serious health issues. Minimization and management of such chemicals
demands high end technology, equipment, time, effort and cost. Thus, the less
demanding but more effective strategy would be adoption of biosorption, using whole
plant/microbial cells, components, derived and/or synthesized materials to convert
toxic compounds/metals into less toxic forms. This review documents, critically
analyses and collates heavy metals from mining, processing and industrial effluents
followed by remediation technologies based on plants and microbes. Each section in
the latter is discussed in detail with relevant examples that illustrate biosorption,
bioderived, bioconjugated, chemisorptions, and bioremediation strategies. In the final
analysis, though plant materials exhibit efficient removal strategies, particularly when
augmented by nanomaterial conjunction, the commercial scale and viability remain to
be validated
Trends in Bioremediation of Dyes from Wastewater
Authors: Debnath Chandrani , Bhunia Biswanath , Basak Bikram , Muthuraj Muthusivaramapandian
Published: December 2022

Over 100 tons of dyes are released per year into the wastewaters without
prior treatment which adds to the contamination of freshwater resources globally. Thus,
the development of economical, and sustainable control measures to avoid the pollution
of natural resources remains imperative. In the present scenario, recent advancements
in biological approaches have escalated bioremediation as a potential strategy for
treatment of dyes and associated derivatives. These biological approaches utilize
simple to complex microorganisms, plants, and wastes generated from different animal
products as tools to remediate and remove dye molecules from wastewater. This
particular chapter targets to address the recent advancements in the past three to four
years in the sustainable treatment of dye molecules from wastewater using
bioremediation approaches. The study also includes the prevailing hurdles, and
research prospects in the bioremediation techniques utilized for the reduction of dyes
from wastewater.
Bottlenecks in Sustainable Treatment of Wastewaters Using Physico-Chemical Processes and Future Prospects
Authors: Mahata Nibedita , Bhunia Biswanath , Muthuraj Muthusivaramapandian , Kumar Ramesh
Published: December 2022

This chapter covers bottlenecks in various sustainable physio-chemical
processes including membrane filtration, activated carbon filtration, adsorption,
advanced oxidation processes, dissolved air floatation, coagulation-flocculation and
sedimentation, and electrocoagulation process for removing heavy metal ions, dyes,
and xenobiotics from the aquatic environment. The approach taken in this chapter is to
give a quick overview of each phase before focusing on the bottlenecks that these
processes face when it comes to removing metal ions and organic matter from
wastewater. Performance, cost, and sustainability criteria for sustainable wastewater
treatment technologies are also covered in this chapter for each process.
Morphological processes found in lexicon of Tajen
Authors: Budiarta I Wayan , Kasni Ni Wayan , Warmadewi Anak Agung Istri Manik
Published: December 2022

This research is entitled "Tajen Language in Balinese Society". This study focuses on the linguistic aspects contained in Tajen activities. This study aims to reveal the lexicon and its categorization, as well as to identify the morphological process happens to those words found. The research data was collected using field linguistic methods supported by note-taking techniques and interview methods. The data that has been grouped is then verified again to Bebotoh as informants through interview techniques related to the meaning of forms or varieties of Balinese speech in the implementation of the Tajen. The data were analyzed using the distributional method with the Immediate Constituent Analysis technique. The results of the analysis found 146 lexicons related to Tajen. The lexicons then are classified based on grammatical forms which are divided into two, namely basic forms and derived forms. There are 72 basic forms and 74 derivative forms. The derived forms are the result of morphological processes, namely the process of compounding, affixation, clipping, and reduplication