bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiencia didáctica con las pacas biodigestoras en entornos educativos del estado de México
Authors: Rivera Espinosa Ramón , Ossa Carrasquilla Laura Catalina
Published: June 2017

Generar alternativas para el manejo integral de los residuos orgánicos, producción de abono orgánico y restauración de los suelos es una labor necesaria; toda vez que sea divulgada desde el ámbito escolar como una actividad pedagógica y formativa que promueva en los jóvenes estudiantes de bachillerato, la investigación, el pensamiento crítico y propositivo.Presentamos una bitácora de trabajo desarrollada con estudiantes y cooperativa de mujeres, integradas a organizaciones de producción ecológica y sostenible.La importancia de ser difusores de saberes que conservan y protegen los ecosistemas naturales nos compromete con encontrar alternativas para la conservación, la autosuficiencia alimentaria y el disfrute de los espacios habitables, a través del uso y apropiación del territorio.
Conditions for Contingent Instructors Engaged in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
Authors: Vander Kloet Marie , Frake-Mistak Mandy , McGinn Michelle K , Caldecott Marion , Aspenlieder Erin D , Beres Jacqueline L , Fukuzawa Sherry , Cassidy Alice , Gill Apryl
Published: June 2017

An increasingly large number of courses in Canadian postsecondary institutions are taught by contingent instructors who hold full- or part-time positions for contractually limited time periods. Despite strong commitments to advancing teaching and learning, the labour and employment conditions for contingent instructors affect the incentives and possibilities for them to engage in the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL). Through a collaborative writing inquiry, the 9 authors examine the influences of three key conditions of contingency: institutional knowledge, status, and role; invisibility and isolation; and precarity. Four composite stories demonstrate the ways varied conditions of contingency may play out in contingent instructors’ lives and typically undermine the possibilities for them to pursue SoTL. Institutions present contingent instructors with a mixed message: research and SoTL are desirable and frequently encouraged, yet contingent instructors are often ineligible or hindered from engagement.
Dans les établissements d’enseignement post-secondaires canadiens, un nombre de plus en plus élevé de cours sont enseignés par des instructeurs occasionnels ayant des contrats à temps plein ou à temps partiel pour des périodes contractuelles limitées. Malgré les solides engagements pour l’avancement de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage, les conditions de travail et d’emploi des instructeurs occasionnels affectent les motivations et les possibilités qui pourraient leur permettre de s’engager dans l’avancement des connaissances en enseignement et en apprentissage (ACEA). Grâce à une enquête menée en collaboration, les 9 auteurs examinent les influences de trois conditions clés de ces emplois occasionnels : connaissance institutionnelle, statut et rôle; invisibilité et isolement; et précarité. Quatre témoignages composés montrent les manières dont les conditions variées de ces emplois occasionnels peuvent jouer un rôle dans la vie des instructeurs occasionnels et comment cela affaiblit les possibilités auxquelles ils ont accès afin de poursuivre des activités en ACEA. Les établissements présentent la situation des instructeurs occasionnels avec un message mixte : la recherche et l’ACEA sont des activités désirables et fréquemment encouragées, toutefois les instructeurs occasionnels sont souvent empêchés de s’y engager ou inéligibles.
Reduplication in Russian verbs and adjectives: motivating form with morphosyntactic constraints
Authors: Enguehard Guillaume
Published: June 2017

In this paper, I argue that the Russian verbal suffix -iva and the adjectival suffix -Vj(V) result from a unique morphological process. To this end, I point out that -iva and -Vj(V) are complex items where -i- and -j- (respectively) play an unclear role. As a first step, I focus on the representation of -iva. I take up the hypothesis of Coats (1974) where -iva is assumed to be the reduplication of an imperfectivizing suffix -(v)a. Second, I show that -Vj(V) results from a similar phenomenon: it involves the repetition of a gender suffix. From this perspective, both -i- and -j- are conditioned by a reduplication process. Finally, I propose a derivation of these segments based on an identity avoidance constraint. I argue that these are realizations of an expletive root √I licensing sequences of two identical syntactic heads.
НОХОЙН АМЬСГАЛЫН ЭРХТЭН ТОГТОЛЦООНД УЛААНБААТАР ХОТЫН АГААРЫН БОХИРДЛЫН НӨЛӨӨ
Authors: Ө Нэргүй , А Алтанчимэг
Published: June 2017

Судалгааны ажлын хүрээнд Улаанбаатар хотын 9 дүүргийн агаарын бохирдлын хэмжээг харгалзан дүүргүүдийг үндсэн 4 хэсэгт хуваан, сонгогдсон дүүрэгт 3-5 жил амьдарсан амьсгалын замын өвчин, эмгэггүй тус бүр 5-аас дээш тооны нохойг санамсаргүй байдлаар сонгон судалгаанд хэрэглэв. Сонгон авсан нохойд үзлэг хийж, цээжний хөндийн мэс ажилбарын тусламжтай болон нохойг шууд унтуулан задлан шинжилгээ хийж амьсгалын замын эрхтнүүдээс дээж авч, үлэмж ба бичил бүтцийн шинжилгээ хийлээ. Бичил бүтцийн шинжилгээгээр уушигны эдийн судас орчмын үрэвсэл, уушгины цулцан, зарим тунгалгийн зангилаанд мөхлөгт зангилаанцар үүссэн, түүний дотор болон бронхиолын орчимд тоосонцрын ширхэг залгисан макрофаг, жижиг бронхиолын хучуур эсийн гиперплази, уушигны таславчийн хялгасан болон жижиг венийн судасны бүлэн, том жижиг бронхиолын тэлэгдэлт зэрэг өөрчлөлтүүд ажиглагдав.
ХҮНИЙ НӨӨЦИЙН БҮРТГЭЛ, МЭДЭЭЛЛИЙН СИСТЕМИЙН ХӨГЖҮҮЛЭЛТ “ХӨДӨӨ АЖ АХУЙН ИХ СУРГУУЛИЙН ЖИШЭЭН ДЭЭР”
Authors: Б Аззаяа , Д Мөнхтуяа
Published: June 2017

Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар Хөдөө Аж Ахуйн Их сургуулийн зорилго, үйл ажиллагааны онцлогт тохирсон хүний нөөцийн бүртгэл, мэдээллийн системийн програм хангамжийг хөгжүүлэн, нэвтрүүлж, цаашид энэхүү системийг хэрэглэх бодит хэрэглэгчдийн түвшинд Технологи хүлээн авах загвар (Technology Acceptance Model)-ыг ашиглан судалгаа шинжилгээ хийх болно. Хөдөө Аж Ахуйн Их сургуулийн Хүний нөөцийн бүртгэл мэдээллийн системийн програм хангамжийг хөгжүүлэхэд системийн шинжилгээний арга зүйг голлон ашиглаж улмаар програмчлалын стандарт фрэймворк, програм хангамжуудыг хэрэглэн програмчилсан билээ.
УДИРДЛАГЫН МЭДЭЭЛЛИЙН СИСТЕМД ХИЙСЭН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ “ИХ, ДЭЭД СУРГУУЛИУДЫН ЖИШЭЭН ДЭЭР”
Authors: Д Орхонтуул , Д Мөнхтуяа
Published: June 2017

Манай Улсын дээд боловсролын салбарт 2003 онд анх ШУТИС удирдлагын мэдээллийн системийг хөгжүүлэн хэрэглэх болсноор салбарын хэмжээнд УМС-ийг хөгжүүлэх эхлэл тавигдсан гэж үздэг. Одоогийн байдлаар удирдлагын мэдээллийн системийг их сургуулийн үйл ажиллагаанд бүрэн ашиглаж, тэрхүү системийг өөрийн дотоод нөөцөөр хөгжүүлж буй Монгол Улсын Их Сургууль Sisi, Шинжлэх Ухаан Технологийн Их сургуулиудын удирдлагын мэдээллийн систем нь хамгийн олон модултай ба найдвартай ажиллагаатай систем болох нь харагдаж байна. Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар олон улсын түвшинд хүлээн зөвшөөрөгдөн хэрэглэж буй Технологи хүлээн авах загвар (Technology Acceptance Model)-ыг ашиглан төрийн өмчийн дөрвөн их сургуулийн удирдлагын мэдээллийн систем хэрэглэгчдийн тухайн өөрсдийн ашиглаж буй системийг хэрхэн хүлээн авч хэрэглэж байгаа талаар судлан шинжилгээ хийсэн болно.
Response of Conjunctive Use of Fresh and Saline Water on Growth and Biomass of Cotton Genotypes
Authors: A.W. Gandahi  , Aftab Kubar  , Mohammad Saleem Sarki  , Naheed Talpur  , Mehtab Gandahi
Published: June 2017

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of conjunctive use of saline and fresh water on the growth and biomass of cotton crop and to observe varietal variability for salinity tolerance and ion contents of cotton genotypes. Four cotton genotypes (Sindh-1, BT-121, CRISS-494, CRISS-588) were irrigated with four treatments, C1 (control+ tape water), C2 (EC 4.0 dS m-1, throughout growth period), ( (six irrigation with C2 + six irrigation with C1), C3 (EC 8.0 dS m-1, throughout growth period), (six irrigation C1+ six irrigation C3), (six irrigation C3+ six irrigation C1), C4 (EC 12.0 dS m-1, throughout growth period), (six irrigation C1+ six irrigation C4). The results showed that highest fresh biomass, plant height, number of leaves plant-1, number of bolls and boll weight was obtained in the treatment where tape water was used. Whereas, these parameters were decrease significantly with the increasing salinity levels from 4 to 12 dS m-1 and when saline water was applied continuously throughout growth period. The cotton genotypes Sindh-1 and Bt-21 performed well under conjunctive use of saline and fresh water with maximum values in compare to genotypes CRIS 494 and 588. The Na+ and Cl- accumulation in cotton leaves and in soil significantly increased with rising EC levels of irrigation water. However, Na+ and Cl- contents were found more in CRIS 494 and CRIS 588 than Sindh-1 and Bt1. It is concluded that Sindh-1 and Bt-121 may be cultivated in saline areas with alternate irrigation.
Effect of Different Irrigation Water Qualities on Turnip Production and Water Productivity under Furrow Irrigation Method
Authors: Ashifa Soomro  , Abdullah Baloch  , Shakeel Ahmed Soomro  , Ahmed Ali Tagar  , Shoukat Ali Soomro  , Allah Wadhayo Gandahi
Published: June 2017

A field experiment was conducted at Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during the year 2015-16, aiming to investigate the response of turnip crop to various salinity levels of irrigation. The experiment was placed applying randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four different treatments i.e. Freshwater (I1), ECw with 2.5, 3 and ECw3.5 dS m-1 (I2, I3 and I4) respectively replicated thrice. The results for experiment placed revealed an average increase in soil ECe 0.09, 0.17, 0.26 and 0.38 dS m-1 under I1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively. An decrease in dry density (g cm-3) of soil profile, decrease in pH 0.19, 0.38, 0.5 and 0.84 in treatments I1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively and an decrease in agronomical data i.e. weight and diameter were also observed with an increase in ECw by the water being irrigated. Crop water productivity with 5.83, 4.35, 2.97 and 1.85 kg m-3 for treatmentsI1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively also decreased with an increase in ECw and Nacl. Average yield of 19.27, 14.37, 9.83 and 6.12 kg was obtained with applied treatments i.e. I1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively, thus a decrease in yield with 25.45%, 31.60% and 37.72% with treatments I2, I3 and I4 was observed when compared as treated by freshwater (I1). Therefore farmers can use irrigation water having ECw 3.5 dS m-1 for the turnip crop at reduction of 37.72% (approximately).
“A Model of Christ”: Melito’s Re-Vision of Jewish Akedah Exegeses
Authors: De Andrado Paba Nidhani
Published: June 2017

Several scholars have proposed that Melito, the second-century bishop of Sardis, manifests awareness of Jewish exegeses of Genesis 22 (or Akedah). This article investigates the extent and implications of Melito’s engagement with that Akedah tradition. The first part of this essay examines the Jewish exegetical strands that were in existence during Melito’s period. The second part analyzes Melito’s Fragments 9, 10 and 11, with reference to the Jewish exegeses. This article demonstrates the depth of Melito’s reliance on and response to the Akedah tradition, as he employs its motifs on Isaac, the ram and the Temple site. The Akedah tradition serves as a stimulus for Melito’s soteriological ideas, as he develops his perspectives on the sacrifice of Christ. The Fragments further reveal Melito’s complex attitude towards Judaism, marked by contact, tension and creativity.
De l’Internet, du Québec, et de l’Internet québécois. Essai sur les nouveaux modes de régulation numérique de la culture
Authors: Roberge Jonathan , Grenon Guillaume
Published: June 2017

L’Internet québécois s’appuie sur une histoire riche et variée qui rend d’autant plus surprenant le fait que la réflexion sociologique s’y soit jusqu’ici très peu intéressée. Le Web québécois, qu’est-ce fondamentalement? Quels sont les traits distinctifs d’un tel microcosme? En adoptant une perspective inspirée de la sociologie politique de la communication, l’article développe l’idée selon laquelle l’Internet se laisse d’abord comprendre à travers sesmodes de régulation, c’est-à-dire la capacité des différents acteurs de structurer les flux d’information. L’Internet québécois apparaît comme unecristallisation éphémère d’équilibres instables, qu’il convient d’étudier dans différentes épreuves de réalité. Trois exemples servent à montrer comment l’Internet québécois n’existe que comme une série d’oppositions à la fois profondes, instables et dynamiques.
Regards croisés sur une mobilisation éclair : l'à-propos de la médiatisation et du vieillissement
Authors: Grenier Line , Sawchuk Kim
Published: June 2017

Cet article présente une réflexion critique sur la médiatisation, son opportunité et sa pertinence aujourd’hui dans des sociétés contemporaines qui, à l’instar du Québec, se trouvent marquées non seulement par les avancées du numérique mais aussi par un vieillissement sans précédent de leur population. Il porte aussi sur le vieillissement : tant ses configurations hétérogènes dans un monde où l’espérance de vie en hausse contribue à accroitre le nombre et la présence des sujets vieillissants, que sa relative invisibilité en communication et dans les études médiatiques encore résolument tournées vers la jeunesse et les jeunes comme leur sujet de prédilection. Nous proposons de porter un tel regard croisé inspiré d’une mobilisation éclair ayant fait l’objet d’une recherche-action. Notre réflexion à propos de cette mobilisation éclair vise à en comprendre la pertinence et l’opportunité au moment où elle a eu lieu, de même qu’à saisir les enjeux historiques plus larges qui l’animent et dont elle participe. Elle en questionnel’à-propos, approximativement ce qu’en anglais on qualifie detimeliness.
Des canadiens français aux québécois : se nommer à l’épreuve du territoire?
Authors: Quirion Jean , Chiasson Guy , Charron Marc
Published: June 2017

Le présent article propose une réflexion sur la territorialisation de l’identité au Québec. À partir d’un corpus de journaux parus au Québec de 1944 à 1970, il tente de déterminer si cette territorialisation s’est amorcée avant la Révolution tranquille, période où la plupart des auteurs situent l’origine du phénomène. Les termes désignant le territoire et ses habitants sont systématiquement recensés et analysés. L’article propose entre autres le concept de déprovincialisation pour expliquer le phénomène alors en cours, et situe son avènement, en fait, bien avant la Révolution tranquille. Il présente aussi des données inédites sur le moment du passage de Canadien français à Québécois (à la fois comme adjectif et comme nom), et cherche à déterminer si l’usage a varié au gré des évènements qui ont ponctué l’actualité pendant cette période importante de l’histoire du Québec.
Struggling Towards Coherence in Canadian Administrative Law? Recent Cases on Standard of Review and Reasonableness
Authors: Daly Paul
Published: June 2017

Although the Supreme Court of Canada’s seminal decision in Dunsmuir v. New Brunswick has now been cited more than 10,000 times by Canadian courts and administrative tribunals, many of its key features remain obscure. In this article, the author analyzes recent cases decided under the Dunsmuir framework with a view to determining where Canadian courts might usefully go next. The author’s argument is that the two important principles said to underlie the Dunsmuir framework—the rule of law and democracy—can provide guidance to courts in simplifying and clarifying judicial review of administrative action. In Part I, the author explains how the relationship between Dunsmuir’s categorical approach and the contextual approach that it replaced is uncertain and causes significant confusion, and explores the potential utility of the two underlying principles in simplifying the law. The application of the reasonableness standard of review is the focus of Part II, in which the author criticizes the general approach to reasonableness review in Canada, but suggests that the rule of law and democracy may assist in clarifying the law, by setting the boundaries of the “range” of reasonable outcomes and structuring the analytical framework for identifying unreasonable administrative decisions. Finally, the author draws the strands of Parts I and II together by arguing for the adoption of a unified, context-sensitive reasonableness standard, underpinned by the rule of law and democracy, with the aim of providing clarity and simplicity to Canadian administrative law in a manner faithful to the Supreme Court of Canada’s decision in Dunsmuir.
Procédé de traitement des eaux usées par boues activées : lien entre les propriétés morphologiques des flocs et l’âge de boue
Authors: Oliveira Pedro , Coufort-Saudejaud Carole , Alliet Marion , Frances Christine
Published: June 2017

L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier les liens entre les propriétés morphologiques des flocs biologiques et les performances d’un procédé à boues activées en fonction de l’âge de boue. Un protocole d’analyse d’images a tout d’abord été développé afin de mesurer de façon répétable les propriétés morphologiques de flocs biologiques. Une installation pilote d’un procédé à boues activées a ensuite été mise en oeuvre dans des conditions d’alimentation contrôlées pour trois valeurs différentes de l’âge de boue. Un suivi des caractéristiques du pilote a été effectué en termes de propriétés physicochimiques (la demande chimique en oxygène [DCO] en sortie, matières en suspension, indice de boue, taux d’épuration) et de propriétés morphologiques des flocs biologiques (distributions en taille et circularité). Si l’augmentation de l’âge de boue ne semble pas avoir un impact sur la concentration en matières en suspension et le taux d’épuration, l’indice de boue en revanche augmente, induisant ainsi une diminution de la décantabilité de la boue. Concernant les paramètres morphologiques, lors d’un changement d’âge de boue, la taille et la circularité des flocs biologiques augmentent temporairement avant de se restabiliser à leurs valeurs initiales. En régime permanent, les distributions en taille et en circularité semblent indépendantes de l’âge de boue.
Étude comparative des procédés d’oxydation avancée UV/chlore et UV/H2O2
Authors: De Laat Joseph , Brachet Sophie
Published: June 2017

L’étude comparative des vitesses de photodécomposition du chlore (0,05-50 mM; pH = 4,5-11,5; 25 °C) et du peroxyde d’hydrogène (0,1-100 mM; pH < 8,5) dans l’eau pure a montré que les valeurs des rendements quantiques globaux de photodécomposition de HOCl et de ClO‑ à 254 nm sont pratiquement identiques (Φ = 1,0 ± 0,1) à celui de H2O2 (Φ = 1,0) et ne varient pas avec la concentration initiale en chlore et en ions bicarbonate (0-10 mM; pH 8,5). La décomposition du chlore s’accompagne d’une production d’oxygène et de chlorate. L’étude de l’oxydation de l’acide benzoïque (pH ≈ 8) a montré que les vitesses décroissent dans l’ordre suivant : UV/chlore > UV/H2O2 >> UV seul >> chloration. Les analyses de chromatographie liquide haute pression (HPLC) ont montré que l’oxydation de l’acide benzoïque par le procédé UV/chlore conduit à plus de sous-produits de dégradation que par le procédé UV/H2O2 en raison de la formation de chlorophénols résultant de réactions initiées par le chlore et Cl•.
Distribution spatiale et mobilité du phosphore sédimentaire dans une retenue hydroélectrique
Authors: Rapin Anne , Rabiet Marion , Grybos Malgorzata , Mourier Brice , Fay Alexis , Kestens Tim , Deluchat Véronique
Published: June 2017

Malgré la réduction des rejets de phosphore (P) dans l’environnement, les efflorescences phytoplanctoniques sont toujours observées dans un grand nombre de masses d’eau. C’est notamment le cas dans les retenues de barrage où la perturbation de la continuité sédimentaire peut conduire à une accumulation importante de phosphore au sein du compartiment sédimentaire. Ainsi, pour lutter contre l’eutrophisation, une meilleure connaissance de la distribution, de la réactivité et de la mobilité du P sédimentaire s’avère indispensable. Dans ce contexte, les sédiments de surface de la retenue de Champsanglard (Creuse, France) ont été prélevés en différents points selon un gradient amont/aval. Une caractérisation physico-chimique (granulométrie; teneurs en P, Fe, Al, matière organique; fractionnement chimique du P suivant le protocole de RYDIN et WELCH [1998]) a été effectuée afin d’évaluer le potentiel de relargage de P de ces sédiments. Les résultats montrent une évolution de la concentration et de la distribution du P dans les sédiments de surface dans la retenue de l’amont vers l’aval (de 1,5 à 2,3 mg P∙gsec‑1), qui semble corrélée avec l’évolution de la granulométrie. L’analyse du fractionnement chimique a montré que le P était majoritairement lié aux oxyhydroxydes de Fe et Mn amorphes (66 %), ces concentrations augmentant également à l’approche du barrage. Ces résultats indiquent que les conditions d’oxydoréduction sont l’un des paramètres clés du contrôle de la remobilisation du P sédimentaire vers la colonne d’eau. À l’opposé, le P associé aux fractions de la matière organique et de l’aluminium ne semble quant à lui ne pas évoluer spatialement de façon significative.
Direct measurement of conformational strain energy in protofilaments curling outward from disassembling microtubule tips
Authors: Driver Jonathan W , Geyer Elisabeth A , Bailey Megan E , Rice Luke M , Asbury Charles L
Published: June 2017

Disassembling microtubules can generate movement independently of motor enzymes, especially at kinetochores where they drive chromosome motility. A popular explanation is the ‘conformational wave’ model, in which protofilaments pull on the kinetochore as they curl outward from a disassembling tip. But whether protofilaments can work efficiently via this spring-like mechanism has been unclear. By modifying a previous assay to use recombinant tubulin and feedback-controlled laser trapping, we directly demonstrate the spring-like elasticity of curling protofilaments. Measuring their mechanical work output suggests they carry ~25% of the energy of GTP hydrolysis as bending strain, enabling them to drive movement with efficiency similar to conventional motors. Surprisingly, a β-tubulin mutant that dramatically slows disassembly has no effect on work output, indicating an uncoupling of disassembly speed from protofilament strain. These results show the wave mechanism can make a major contribution to kinetochore motility and establish a direct approach for measuring tubulin mechano-chemistry.
Guy Debord'un "Gösteri Toplumu" Adlı Çalışması Bağlamında Mekân ve Modanın Tüketim Unsuru Olarak İncelenmesi / The Examination of Space and Fashion as a Component of Consumption in the Context of "Society of Spectacles" of Guy Debord
Authors: Kaya Sevde
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Since the occurance of the concept of consumption, it has been discussed by a number of theorists. In these works, the concept of consumption has been analyzed in many different ways. Even though the consumption concept is a very financial issue, the social scientists have done some studies about consumption. In this work, I will examine the consumption perception of Guy Debord who is an influential figure for several future studies and who is a preminent actor among other consumption theorists. Debord states that the consumption is imposed to individuals via virtual reality and it is presented to the daily lives of individuals in a very pragmatic way. Debord calls the communities in which people give priority to consumption upon arranging the social relations as ‘society of spectacles’.

Debord relates the concept of spectacle to the consumption. He suggests that spectacle manipulates the daily life and increases the will to consume and passivates individuals. The concept of spectacle has grown with the emergence of the leisure time and has been directed to daily pratic after the places were related to consumption. In this work, the relation between spectacle and consumption that Debord set up is examined. In the work, it is deduced that in order to accelerate the consumption, spectacle utilizes some areas such as mass media, place and fashion.

Öz

Tüketim kavramı ilk ortaya çıktığı andan beri birçok kuramcı tarafından tartışılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar tüketim kavramını çok farklı yönleriyle ele almıştır. Tüketim kavramı iktisadi bir konu olsa da sosyal bilimciler de tüketim ile ilgili çalışmalar yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada tüketim kuramcıları arasında önemli bir yer tutan ve fikirleri gelecek araştırmalar için esin kaynağı olan Guy Debord’un tüketim anlayışı incelenecektir. Debord, tüketimin sanal bir gerçeklik yoluyla bireylere dayatıldığını ve bu dayatmaların son derece pratik yollarla bireylerin gündelik hayatlarına sunulduğunu ifade etmektedir. Debord bireylerin pasifleştiği ve tüketimin toplumsal ilişkileri düzenlemede temel etken olduğu toplumlara “gösteri toplumu” adını vermiştir.

Debord gösteri kavramı ile tüketim arasında ilişki kurmuştur. Gösterinin gündelik hayatı manipüle ettiğini, tüketim arzusunu arttırdığını ve bireyleri pasifleştirdiğini belirtmiştir. Gösteri kavramı boş zamanın ortaya çıkması ile filizlenmiş, mekânların tüketime eklemlenmesi ile gündelik pratiğe aktarılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Debord’un gösteri ile tüketim arasında kurduğu ilişki incelenmiştir. Gösterinin tüketimi hızlandırmak için kitle iletişim araçları, mekân ve moda gibi alanlara başvurduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Evaluating the Relation between Personality Properties with Job Satisfaction of the Staff
Authors: Golpayegan Maryam Alvankar
Published: June 2017

In any organization, any individual’s organizational role should be coordinated with his individual personality in order for the individual behavior to be coordinated with organizational behavior and in order for the organization’s life not to be disturbed in the case of lack of authenticity between individual personality with organizational role so that the members of organization may get in to trouble influenced by such a conflict and be inevitable before the organization. The aim of this research is evaluating the relation between personality properties with job satisfaction of the staff. The current research method is descriptive correlation. Statistical society of the present research were all staff of a governmental organization in Tehran city. Research sample was 80 people who were chosen through random sampling. Finally, in order for analysis of the data, SPSS software was used. The results of this research showed that there was a significant relation and positive correlation between introversion personality type with the extent of job satisfaction and also there was a negative and significant relation between two variables of extroversion personality type with job satisfaction. On the other hand, considering personality dimensions of the individuals in the organization is among the categories that has an efficient role in progress and health improvement of workforce.
Manifestations of Quranic Verses in Odes of Naser Khosrow
Authors: Amiri Mohammad , Davari Khadije
Published: June 2017

Naser Khosrow is the theologian and one of the famous poets of the fifth century. At first, he was secretary but he was evolved due to his spiritual dream. He started traveling and by hearing the promulgation of Isma‘ilism in Egypt went to that land and joined Ismaili sect. By the order of Fatimid imam of that time, Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah, he was named Hujjat-i Khorasan. Among his works, Jamial hikmatin can be named which is the answer of the Abol heitham’s philosophical and theological questions. His Diwan includes the poems defending Isma‘ilism thoughts and is rich in philosophical, theological, and religious thoughts. One of the manifestations of Quranic verses (ayah) and hadith in Naser Khosrow’s Diwan is the existence of a variety of Quranic allusions and interpretations. From the Naser Khosrow’s viewpoint, the apparent meaning of divine miracle (Quran) is not enough because the core of rules is foundation and discovering these core components of the verses is the responsibility of an innocent Imam as well as hardworking scholars.
An Inquiry into Teaching the Perceptual Effects of the Measures to the Students of Architecture
Authors: Zanjani Ali Rahmanpour
Published: June 2017

This paper investigates the “increasing level of consideration among students about the effects of environment’s perceptible dimensions on human’s mind”. Firstly, to recognize the topic, with a review in architecture and psychology, it seems that perceptible dimensions in environment have great effects on human’s mind. It is noticeable that mentioned effects are studied in combining format with other constructive elements such as shape and etc. To facilitate access, in first part of a classified information covering different effects of dimensions on human’s feeling and perception are provided to use it to form the educating criteria and to enter in educating architecture. Moreover to determine suitable method of education of basic students related to subject of issue, with investigating related theories about educating methods and referring to expert’s ideas about basic education of architecture and consequently considering their ideas it seems that: with providing opportunities in the form of “students’ guided attendance in environment by moving from instances to concepts” it is possible to simplify learning procedure among basic architecture students using various formats of Learned-Centered Instruction training method. The methodology of this research is based on Deductive-Qualitative approach. Analyzing professors’ interviews is performed to recognize the principles, by accurate coding and combing results, and finally codification an educating format for answering this research’s concern.
Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclizations of Alkynes with Alkenes and Arenes
Authors: Echavarren Antonio M. , Muratore Michael E. , López‐Carrillo Verónica , Escribano‐Cuesta Ana , Huguet Núria , Obradors Carla
Published: June 2017

This chapter reviews the gold‐catalyzed cyclization reactions of alkynes with alkenes that proceed via selective activation of the alkyne by π‐coordination of the transition metal. Mechanistically related intermolecular reactions between alkynes and alkenes are also discussed, as are reactions of alkynes with arenes, heteroarenes, and related nucleophiles.
β‐Catenin in desmoid‐type fibromatosis: deep insights into the role of T41A and S45F mutations on protein structure and gene expression
Authors: Colombo Chiara , Belfiore Antonino , Paielli Nicholas , De Cecco Loris , Canevari Silvana , Laurini Erik , Fermeglia Maurizio , Pricl Sabrina , Verderio Paolo , Bottelli Stefano , Fiore Marco , Stacchiotti Silvia , Palassini Elena , Gronchi Alessandro , Pilotti Silvana , Perrone Federica
Published: June 2017

Desmoid‐type fibromatosis (DF) is a rare mesenchymal lesion with high risk of local recurrence. Specific β‐catenin mutations (S45F) appeared to be related to this higher risk compared to T41A‐mutated or wild‐type (WT). We explored the influence of both mutations and WT on structure stability and affinity of β‐catenin for α‐catenin and the pattern of gene expression that may influence DF behavior. Using 33 surgically resected primary DFs harboring T41A (n = 14), S45F (n = 10), or WT (n = 9), we performed a comparative molecular analysis by protein/protein interaction modeling, gene expression by DASL microarrays, human inflammation gene panel, and assessment of immune system‐based biomarkers by immunohistochemistry. Mutated proteins were more stable than WT and formed a weaker complex with α‐catenin. Consensus unsupervised gene clustering revealed the presence of two DF group‐mutated (T41A + S45F) and WT (P = 0.0047). The gene sets ‘Inflammatory‐Defense‐Humoral Immune Response’ and ‘Antigen Binding’ were significantly enriched in T41A. The deregulation of 16 inflammation‐related genes was confirmed. Low numbers of T cells and tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) infiltrating the tumors and low/absent PD‐1/PD‐L1 expression were also identified. We demonstrated that mutated DFs (T41A or S45F) and WT are two distinct molecular subgroups with regard to β‐catenin stability, α‐catenin affinity, and gene expression profiling. A different inflammation signature characterized the two mutated groups, suggesting mediation either by T41A or by S45F. Finally, all mutated cases showed a low number of TIL and TAM cells and a low or absent expression of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 consistent with β‐catenin activation insensitive to checkpoint blockade.
Reduced lattice thermal conductivity of Fe‐bearing bridgmanite in Earth's deep mantle
Authors: Hsieh Wen‐Pin , Deschamps Frédéric , Okuchi Takuo , Lin Jung‐Fu
Published: June 2017

Complex seismic, thermal, and chemical features have been reported in Earth's lowermost mantle. In particular, possible iron enrichments in the large low shear‐wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs) could influence thermal transport properties of the constituting minerals in this region, altering the lower mantle dynamics and heat flux across core‐mantle boundary (CMB). Thermal conductivity of bridgmanite is expected to partially control the thermal evolution and dynamics of Earth's lower mantle. Importantly, the pressure‐induced lattice distortion and iron spin and valence states in bridgmanite could affect its lattice thermal conductivity, but these effects remain largely unknown. Here we precisely measured the lattice thermal conductivity of Fe‐bearing bridgmanite to 120 GPa using optical pump‐probe spectroscopy. The conductivity of Fe‐bearing bridgmanite increases monotonically with pressure but drops significantly around 45 GPa due to pressure‐induced lattice distortion on iron sites. Our findings indicate that lattice thermal conductivity at lowermost mantle conditions is twice smaller than previously thought. The decrease in the thermal conductivity of bridgmanite in mid‐lower mantle and below would promote mantle flow against a potential viscosity barrier, facilitating slabs crossing over the 1000 km depth. Modeling of our results applied to LLSVPs shows that variations in iron and bridgmanite fractions induce a significant thermal conductivity decrease, which would enhance internal convective flow. Our CMB heat flux modeling indicates that while heat flux variations are dominated by thermal effects, variations in thermal conductivity also play a significant role. The CMB heat flux map we obtained is substantially different from those assumed so far, which may influence our understanding of the geodynamo.
Aseptic Manufacturing Considerations for Biomanufacturing Facility Design
Authors: Odum Jeffery , Schaz Hartmut , Pressley Larry
Published: June 2017

Aseptic operations require sterilization of the environment, equipment, and process solutions to ensure the safety of drug products. In this article, the definition and attributes of aseptic manufacturing are provided, and suitable facility design to prevent contamination and regulatory compliance aspects are discussed.
Modifying Base Metal Substrates to Exhibit Universal Non‐Wettability: Emulating Biology and Going Further
Authors: O'Loughlin Thomas E. , Waetzig Gregory R. , Davidson Rachel E. , Dennis Robert V. , Banerjee Sarbajit
Published: June 2017

The design and fabrication of surfaces that are not wetted either by water or oil holds much significance for the energy infrastructure, particularly where corrosion represents a significant problem and cleaning, maintenance, and repair of containers, pipelines, and processing equipment is difficult or poses safety hazards. Nature has numerous examples of surfaces that resist fouling by repelling liquid (especially water) droplets. Designing a surface that is not wetted by low‐surface‐tension liquids such as hydrocarbons is a considerably more difficult task that is beyond the capabilities of most natural systems since the cohesive forces within such liquids are low and most interfacial interactions induce the spreading of oil droplets. A combination of hierarchical texturation, reentrant curvature, and low surface energy is thought to be necessary to design omniphobic surfaces. However, such surfaces are often constructed from polymers and thus prone to thermal degradation. In this contribution, we illustrate the modular design and development of a biomimetic architecture incorporating micro‐ and nanoscale texturation on etched carbon steel. Etching of the steel substrate endows microscale roughness; the substrate is further coated with ZnO nanotetrapods to define nanoscale texturation and further modified to expose pendant fluorous groups. The highly textured substrates exhibit simultaneous superhydrophobic and superoleophobic behavior. The utilization of ZnO nanotetrapods with protruding arms gives rise to a nanotextured morphology regardless of the specific orientation of the nanostructures and allows for the trapping of air pockets, thereby suspending liquid droplets as per the Cassie–Baxter mode. The textured ceramic/metal surfaces are stable up to high temperatures and are well adhered to the metal substrate upon application of a conformal amorphous SiO2coating. The incorporation of multiple design elements—microscale roughness, nanotexturation, a “cementing” layer, and surface modification with low‐energy pendant perfluorinated chains—provides considerable versatility and tunability for specific liquid‐handling conditions. The strategy described here is generalizable to other modes of texturation and surface modification and can be broadly adapted to prevent wettability of a surface by a specific liquid, thereby allowing for protection of components exposed to corrosive fluid environments.
Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Owens‐Baird Bryan , Heinrich Shannon , Kovnir Kirill
Published: June 2017

The field of thermoelectric materials has flourished over the last two decades. Significant successes achieved in the development of materials notwithstanding, novel and highly efficient materials are in steep demand due to a wide range of potential and current applications, ranging from wearable electronics to space missions. The main challenge in the improvement of the thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) is to optimize the intertwined intrinsic charge and thermal transport properties. High electrical conductivity and thermopower, along with low thermal conductivity, need to be achieved simultaneously to excel the thermoelectric efficiency. In this review, the thermoelectric concepts, basics of transport properties, and strategies forzToptimization are discussed in the first section. In the following sections, the predominate structure types associated with high‐performance bulk thermoelectric materials are discussed in detail: Bi2Te3, PbTe, TAGS/LAST systems, SnSe, Cu2−xSe, chalcopyrites, tetrahedrites, clathrates, skutterudites, zinc antimonides, Yb14MnSb11, Heusler and half‐Heusler intermetallics. The basic crystal structures, the possibilities for doping and substitutions to adjust charge carrier concentration and thermal conductivity, baseline thermoelectric properties, and strategies for efficiency improvement are considered for each structure type. Examples of recent work highlighting these strategies are briefly presented.
Thermal Light Emission from Monolayer MoS2
Authors: Dobusch Lukas , Schuler Simone , Perebeinos Vasili , Mueller Thomas
Published: June 2017

Layered transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors, such as MoS2 and WSe2, exhibit a range of fascinating properties and are being currently explored for a variety of electronic and optoelectronic devices. These properties include a low thermal conductivity and a large Seebeck coefficient, which make them promising for thermoelectric applications. Moreover, transition metal dichalcogenides undergo an indirect‐to‐direct bandgap transition when thinned down in thickness, leading to strong excitonic photo‐ and electroluminescence in monolayers. Here, it is demonstrated that a MoS2 monolayer sheet, freely suspended in vacuum over a distance of 150 nm, emits visible light as a result of Joule heating. Due to the poor transfer of heat to the contact electrodes, as well as the suppressed heat dissipation through the underlying substrate, the electron temperature can reach ≈1500–1600 K. The resulting narrow‐band light emission from thermally populated exciton states is spatially located to an only ≈50 nm wide region in the center of the device and goes along with a negative differential electrical conductance of the channel.
Carbon Nanotube–Multilayered Graphene Edge Plane Core–Shell Hybrid Foams for Ultrahigh‐Performance Electromagnetic‐Interference Shielding
Authors: Song Qiang , Ye Fang , Yin Xiaowei , Li Wei , Li Hejun , Liu Yongsheng , Li Kezhi , Xie Keyu , Li Xuanhua , Fu Qiangang , Cheng Laifei , Zhang Litong , Wei Bingqing
Published: June 2017

Materials with an ultralow density and ultrahigh electromagnetic‐interference (EMI)‐shielding performance are highly desirable in fields of aerospace, portable electronics, and so on. Theoretical work predicts that 3D carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene hybrids are one of the most promising lightweight EMI shielding materials, owing to their unique nanostructures and extraordinary electronic properties. Herein, for the first time, a lightweight, flexible, and conductive CNT–multilayered graphene edge plane (MLGEP) core–shell hybrid foam is fabricated using chemical vapor deposition. MLGEPs are seamlessly grown on the CNTs, and the hybrid foam exhibits excellent EMI shielding effectiveness which exceeds 38.4 or 47.5 dB in X‐band at 1.6 mm, while the density is merely 0.0058 or 0.0089 g cm−3, respectively, which far surpasses the best values of reported carbon‐based composite materials. The grafted MLGEPs on CNTs can obviously enhance the penetration losses of microwaves in foams, leading to a greatly improved EMI shielding performance. In addition, the CNT–MLGEP hybrids also exhibit a great potential as nano‐reinforcements for fabricating high‐strength polymer‐based composites. The results provide an alternative approach to fully explore the potentials of CNT and graphene, for developing advanced multifunctional materials.
Negative Differential Resistance Transistor with Organic p‐n Heterojunction
Authors: Kobashi Kazuyoshi , Hayakawa Ryoma , Chikyow Toyohiro , Wakayama Yutaka
Published: June 2017

Negative differential resistance (NDR) has large potential for versatile device applications, including high‐frequency oscillators, memories, fast switches, and multilevel logic circuits. NDRs are observed at heteromaterial interfaces in resonant tunneling diodes or Esaki diodes consisting of compound semiconductors or two‐dimensional (2D) atomic thin films. However, these devices suffer from poor peak‐to‐valley ratios (PVR) at room temperature; a cryogenic temperature is needed to improve the PVR. These negative factors are obstacles to practical applications. Here, a new NDR transistor is proposed, in which a p‐n heterojunction of organic semiconductors plays a key role. Well‐balanced carrier transport is manipulated at the organic p‐n junction to realize outstanding NDR. Experimental and simulation analyses reveal that the observed NDR can be explained by analogy with the shoot‐through current mechanism in complementary metal‐oxide‐ semiconductor (CMOS) devices. As a result, the NDR transistor shows large PVRs of up to about 104 even at room temperature.
Characterization of thrombosis in patients with Proteus syndrome
Authors: Keppler‐Noreuil Kim M. , Lozier Jay N. , Sapp Julie C. , Biesecker Leslie G.
Published: June 2017

Patients with overgrowth and complex vascular malformation syndromes, including Proteus syndrome have an increased risk of thromboembolism. Proteus syndrome is a mosaic, progressive overgrowth disorder involving vasculature, skin, and skeleton, and caused by a somatic activating mutation in AKT1. We conducted a comprehensive review of the medical histories and hematologic evaluations of 57 patients with Proteus syndrome to identify potential risk factors for thrombosis. We found that six of ten patients, who were deceased, died secondary to deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. Of the remaining 47 living patients, six had thromboembolic events that all occurred postoperatively and in an affected limb. Eleven of 21 patients had an abnormal hypercoagulable panel including Factor V Leiden heterozygotes, antithrombin III deficiency, positive lupus anticoagulant, or Protein C or S deficiencies. We observed that eight of 17 patients had an abnormal D‐dimer level >0.5 mcg/dl, but deep venous thromboses occurred in only four of those with D‐dimer >1.0 mcg/dl. We conclude that the predisposition to thrombosis is likely to be multifaceted with risk factors including vascular malformations, immobility, surgery, additional prothrombotic factors, and possible pathophysiologic effects of the somatic AKT1 mutation on platelet function or the vascular endothelium. The D‐dimer test is useful as a screen for thromboembolism, although the screening threshold may need to be adjusted for patients with this disorder. We propose developing a registry to collect D‐dimer and outcome data to facilitate adjustment of the D‐dimer threshold for Proteus syndrome and related disorders, including PIK3CA‐Related Overgrowth Spectrum.
The immune deficiency of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Morsheimer Megan , Brown Whitehorn Terri F. , Heimall Jennifer , Sullivan Kathleen E.
Published: June 2017

The syndrome originally described by Dr. Angelo DiGeorge had immunodeficiency as a central component. When a 22q11.2 deletion was identified as the cause in the majority of patients with DiGeorge syndrome, the clinical features of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome became so expansive that the immunodeficiency became less prominent in our thinking about the syndrome. This review will focus on the immune system and the changes in our understanding over the past 50 years. Initially characterized as a pure defect in T cell development, we now appreciate that many of the clinical features related to the immunodeficiency are well downstream of the limitation imposed by a small thymus. Dysfunctional B cells presumed to be secondary to compromised T cell help, issues related to T cell exhaustion, and high rates of atopy and autoimmunity are aspects of management that require consideration for optimal clinical care and for designing a cogent monitoring approach. New data on atopy are presented to further demonstrate the association.
Development of emotional and behavioral problems in neurofibromatosis type 1 during young childhood
Authors: Rietman André B. , Oostenbrink Rianne , van Noort Kimberley , Franken Marie‐Christine J. P. , Catsman‐Berrevoets Coriene E. , Aarsen Femke K. , Hendriksen Jos G. , de Nijs Pieter F. A.
Published: June 2017

This retrospective longitudinal study in young children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) aimed to identify if, and how early problems in behavior, intelligence, and language development are associated with later behavioral problems. At the first assessment at preschool age, we evaluated language skills, intelligence, and emotional and behavioral problems as reported by parents. The second assessment at school‐age we evaluated intelligence, and emotional and behavioral problems as reported by parents and teachers. Association of baseline assessments with secondary assessment was evaluated using multivariable linear regression analysis. Of the 61 patients (25 males, 36 females; mean age 4;5 years [SD 1;1 years]) with NF1 who had a first assessment, 38 children (21 males, 17 females; mean age 7;11 years [SD 2;1 years]) had a second assessment after a mean period of 3;5 years. Longitudinal data on behavioral problems were collected for 23 of these children. Intelligence and language development were not associated with internalizing problems. Parent‐rated internalizing behavioral problems significantly increased with age in this subgroup. Baseline internalizing problems predicted later internalizing problems (adjusted R2 = 0.33, p = 0.003). The presence of these problems at pre‐school age may be predictive of internalizing problems at a later age.