bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rate of decline in residual kidney function pre and post peritoneal dialysis initiation: A post hoc analysis of the IDEAL study
Authors: Ethier Isabelle , Cho Yeoungjee , Hawley Carmel , Pascoe Elaine M. , Viecelli Andrea K. , Campbell Scott B. , van Eps Carolyn , Isbel Nicole M. , Cooper Bruce A. , Harris David C. , Pollock Carol A. , Wong Muh Geot , Johnson David W.
Published: November 2020

Background

Residual kidney function (RKF) is associated with improved survival and quality of life in dialysis patients. Previous studies have suggested that initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) may slow RKF decline compared to the pre-dialysis period. We sought to evaluate the association between PD initiation and RKF decline in the Initiating Dialysis Early And Late (IDEAL) trial.

Methods

In thispost hocanalysis of the IDEAL randomized controlled trial, PD participants were included if results from 24-hour urine collections had been recorded within 30 days of dialysis initiation, and at least one value pre- and one value post-dialysis commencement were available. The primary outcome was slope of RKF decline, calculated as mean of urinary creatinine and urea clearances. Secondary outcomes included slope of urine volume decline and time from PD initiation to anuria.

Results

The study included 151 participants (79 early start, 72 late start). The slope of RKF decline was slower after PD initiation (-2.69±0.18mL/min/1.73m2/yr) compared to before PD (-4.09±0.33mL/min/1.73m2/yr; change in slope +1.19 mL/min/1.73m2/yr, 95%CI 0.48–1.90, p<0.001). In contrast, urine volume decline was faster after PD commencement (-0.74±0.05 L/yr) compared to beforehand (-0.57±0.06L/yr; change in slope -0.18L/yr, 95%CI -0.34—-0.01, p = 0.04). No differences were observed between the early- and late-start groups with respect to RKF decline, urine volume decline or time to anuria.

Conclusions

Initiation of PD was associated with a slower decline of RKF compared to the pre-dialysis period.
Molecular consequences of fetal alcohol exposure on amniotic exosomal miRNAs with functional implications for stem cell potency and differentiation
Authors: Tavanasefat Honey , Li Feng , Koyano Kikuye , Gourtani Bahar Khalilian , Marty Vincent , Mulpuri Yatendra , Lee Sung Hee , Shin Ki-Hyuk , Wong David T. W. , Xiao Xinshu , Spigelman Igor , Kim Yong
Published: November 2020

Alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) consumption during pregnancy can result in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), which are characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth restriction and craniofacial dysmorphology. Recently, cell-derived extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles containing several species of RNAs (exRNAs), have emerged as a mechanism of cell-to-cell communication. However, EtOH’s effects on the biogenesis and function of non-coding exRNAs during fetal development have not been explored. Therefore, we studied the effects of maternal EtOH exposure on the composition of exosomal RNAs in the amniotic fluid (AF) using rat fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) model. Through RNA-Seq analysis we identified and verified AF exosomal miRNAs with differential expression levels specifically associated with maternal EtOH exposure. Uptake of purified FAE AF exosomes by rBMSCs resulted in significant alteration of molecular markers associated with osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. We also determined putative functional roles for AF exosomal miRNAs (miR-199a-3p, miR-214-3p and let-7g) that are dysregulated by FAE in osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Our results demonstrate that FAE alters AF exosomal miRNAs and that exosomal transfer of dysregulated miRNAs has significant molecular effects on stem cell regulation and differentiation. Our results further suggest the usefulness of assessing molecular alterations in AF exRNAs to study the mechanisms of FAE teratogenesis that should be further investigated by using anin vivomodel.
Prediction of anterior chamber volume after implantation of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens
Authors: Takagi Yuki , Kojima Takashi , Nishida Tomoya , Nakamura Tomoaki , Ichikawa Kazuo
Published: November 2020

Purpose

To predict the anterior chamber volume (ACV) after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation based on ICL size and parameters of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Design

Retrospective study.

Methods

This study included 222 eyes of 222 patients who underwent ICL implantation at Nagoya Eye Clinic. The patients were divided into two groups: prediction group, for creating the prediction equation (148 eyes, mean age: 32.11 ± 8.04 years), and verification group, for verifying the equation (74 eyes, mean age: 33.03 ± 6.74 years). The angle opening distance (AOD), anterior chamber width (ACW), ACV, anterior chamber depth, lens vault, angle-to-angle distance, angle recess area, and trabecular iris space area were calculated using AS-OCT. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. After the creation of the prediction equation, its accuracy was verified in the verification group.

Results

The ACV, AOD750, ACW, and ICL size were selected as explanatory variables to predict postoperative ACV. Mean predicted (114.2 ± 21.83 mm3) and actual postoperative ACVs (116.1 ± 25.41 mm3) were not significantly different (P = 0.269); absolute error was 10.59 ± 9.13 mm3. In addition, there was high correlation between actual and predictive ACV (adjusted R2= 0.6996, p < 0.0001). Bland-Altman plot revealed that there was no addition or proportional error between predicted and actual postoperative ACV.

Conclusion

Postoperative ACV was accurately predicted using AS-OCT parameters and ICL size. This prediction equation may be useful for making decisions regarding ICL size.
Tick-transmitted thogotovirus gains high virulence by a single MxA escape mutation in the viral nucleoprotein
Authors: Fuchs Jonas , Oschwald Alexander , Graf Laura , Kochs Georg
Published: November 2020

Infections with emerging and re-emerging arboviruses are of increasing concern for global health. Tick-transmitted RNA viruses of the genus Thogotovirus in the Orthomyxoviridae family have considerable zoonotic potential, as indicated by the recent emergence of Bourbon virus in the USA. To successfully infect humans, arboviruses have to escape the restrictive power of the interferon defense system. This is exemplified by the high sensitivity of thogotoviruses to the antiviral action of the interferon-induced myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) that inhibits the polymerase activity of incoming viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. Acquiring resistance to human MxA would be expected to enhance the zoonotic potential of these pathogens. Therefore, we screened a panel of 10 different thogotovirus isolates obtained from various parts of the world for their sensitivity to MxA. A single isolate from Nigeria, Jos virus, showed resistance to the antiviral action of MxA in cell culture and in MxA-transgenic mice, whereas the prototypic Sicilian isolate SiAr126 was fully MxA-sensitive. Further analysis identified two amino acid substitutions (G327R and R328V) in the viral nucleoprotein as determinants for MxA resistance. Importantly, when introduced into SiAr126, the R328V mutation resulted in complete MxA escape of the recombinant virus, without causing any viral fitness loss. The escape mutation abolished viral nucleoprotein recognition by MxA and allowed unhindered viral growth in MxA-expressing cells and in MxA-transgenic mice. These findings demonstrate that thogotoviruses can overcome the species barrier by escaping MxA restriction and reveal that these tick-transmitted viruses may have a greater zoonotic potential than previously suspected.
The Eﬀect of Pesticide Application on QTLs Controlling Traits in Barley
Authors: Bakhtiari Samira , Sabouri Hossein , Mollashahi Mehdi , Moghaddam Hossein Hosseini
Published: November 2020

Among cereals, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) ranks fourth in consumption worldwide. Among barley breeding goals, one can refer to gene mapping, studying their inheritance, and saturated genetic linkage maps. Problems with pesticide applications include reduced genetic diversity, reduced nitrogen fixation, and destruction of the habitat of especially endangered species. The effect of pesticide application on the emergence of QTLs expressing traits in experimental barley was investigated using 104 barley F2:4 families from Badia × Kavir cross. A total of 25 QTLs were mapped for all traits. In non-using pesticides, 12 QTLs were identified for peduncle length, stem diameter, flag leaf length, and awn length. It was found that qFL-4 has major effects on flag leaf length. or using the pesticide, 13 QTLs were detected that QTLs related to stem diameter, grain weight, flag leaf length explained a high percentage of phenotypic variation. The results of this study showed that pesticide application affects the expression of some genes in barley. Besides, major-effect trait-controller QTLs and their associated markers can be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) programs.
O Poder Judiciário e as privatizações do setor elétrico brasileiro
Authors: Muller Matheus , De Morais Jennifer Azambuja
Published: November 2020

O estudo que segue tem como objetivo verificar a atuação do Poder Judiciário brasileiro no processo de privatização de empresas estatais do setor elétrico efetivado na década de 1990 e início dos anos 2000. Nesse período 26 empresas foram leiloadas para a iniciativa privada, fazendo do segmento elétrico o que mais contribuiu ao Programa Nacional de Desestatização - PND no âmbito do maior processo de transferência de patrimônio estatal no mundo. Mais especificamente, busca perceber se o Judiciário foi capaz de influenciar a política das privatizações do setor elétrico nacional? A metodologia que embasa o estudo é quantitativa. As técnicas utilizadas foram a análise documental e a análise descritiva de dados quantitativos. A fonte de dados é, ao mesmo tempo, primária e secundária. Ao final das contas se percebe que o Poder Judiciário não conseguiu mudar o rumo das privatizações. E, mesmo que algumas poucas ações tenham conseguido retardar a entrega das estatais elétricas, não foram eficazes na tarefa de impedir o desfecho da política privatista
Vulnerabilidades sociais expostas pelo Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Montana Mónica , Augusto Melo da Silva Mateus , De Aguiar Melo Mylena
Published: November 2020

O surgimento do Covid-19, responsável pelas mais severas e repentinas mudanças globais e individuais das últimas décadas, representa ameaças tangíveis à vida, ao equilíbrio emocional e psicológico da população e na estabilidade econômica, política e social das nações. De um lado, em virtude das dimensões de contagio e letalidade que alcançou essa doença, em termos globais e locais, e do outro lado, em função das medidas políticas e econômicas adotadas pelos representantes dos governos, considerados em uns casos oportunos e eficientes, e em outros casos, inapropriados. De certo, o ano 2020 trouxe à tona a grave crise preexistente na saúde, sendo agravada pela pandemia, deixando ao descoberto uma série de fragilidades estatais e humanas, relacionadas à emergência sanitária no Brasil. Situação essa que incita a reflexão e discussão de diversos questionamentos sociopolíticos, morais e constitucionais ao evidenciar profundas desigualdades sociais que vão em contradição com a Carta Magna de 1988. Nessa essa direção, o presente artigo se propõe discutir no âmbito brasileiro a ligação existente entre a composição da carta magna com a manutenção das desigualdades sociais, as quais ficaram em evidência, mediante a falta de infraestrutura física e humana para atender com celeridade e assertividade às exigências da pandemia atual ocasionada pelo Covid-19.
Políticas públicas e direitos das pessoas com deficiência no Brasil (1988-2016)
Authors: Gugliano Alfredo Alejandro , Mendes Thais Zanela , Stein Guilherme de Queiroz
Published: November 2020

O presente texto trata de questões relacionadas à integração social de pessoas com deficiência, um grupo ainda excluído nas principais democracias ocidentais; igualmente tem direitos básicos desconsiderados por diversos Estados; de modo semelhante está praticamente inexistente nas campanhas e programas eleitorais. A partir do caso brasileiro, o artigo analisa o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas voltadas para pessoas com deficiência no país, destacando alguns avanços importantes.
Cloroquina e os efeitos adversos da atual conjuntura política
Authors: Zanholo Vivian Cristina Borges , Mendes Samara Jamile
Published: November 2020

Em um cenário tão delicado e sensível da pandemia de COVID-19, os desafios enfrentados não se restringem somente ao combate do vírus, mas também às crises econômica e político-social por quais os países atravessam. Considerando esse contexto crítico por qual estamos passando, tem-se como principal objetivo deste artigo de debate: a análise e a reflexão sobre o tema, observando-se, a partir do cenário brasileiro: o uso indiscriminado da cloroquina e como ele se relaciona à atual conjuntura política do país.  Enquanto empresas farmacêuticas intensificam pesquisas e estudos clínicos em busca de vacinas e medicamentos eficazes na prevenção e tratamento do coronavírus, alguns governos disseminam e impõem a prescrição da cloroquina/hidroxicloriquina como sendo a cura para a pandemia, mesmo sem nenhuma comprovação de segurança e eficácia para essa indicação. No Brasil, temos um governo ultraliberal e neofascista que desde o início da pandemia vem tomando ações contrárias as orientadas pela OMS. Como agravante, possui ainda um cenário bem peculiar como: troca de dois ministros da saúde nos últimos 3 meses, incorporação da cloroquina no protocolo de tratamento de pessoas infectadas por COVID-19 e importação de 2 milhões de doses do medicamento dos Estados Unidos. Neste contexto, cabe aos trabalhadores da saúde e cientistas um olhar crítico sobre as medidas de enfrentamento à pandemia e suas contradições ao modo de produção capitalista.
THE INFLUENCE OF FRICTION STIR WELDED PROCESS PARAMETERS OF AA2519-T62 ON JOINT QUALITY DEFINED BY NON-DESTRUCTIVE LASER AMPLIFIED ULTRASONIC METHOD AND BY MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS
Authors: Kravcov Alexander , Kosturek Robert , Śnieżek Lucjan , Kluczyński Janusz , Franek Ondřej , Morozov Nikolaj , Maciejewski Pawel
Published: November 2020

The presented research contains a description of a non-destructive laser ultrasound internal structure analysis of aluminium joints made by friction stir welding. In the research, four selected technological parameter groups were taken into account. Modifications used in different parameter groups included changing tool traverse speeds and also its rotation speeds. The most important goal of this research was to determine the joint quality using a non-destructive laser amplified ultrasound method  To verify obtained test results, an additional microstructural analysis was also conducted.
Management von Innovationsprozessen für nachhaltige Entwicklung
Authors: Schäfer Martina , König Bettina , Kuntosch Anett , Richter Beate , Schaal Tamara
Published: November 2020

Ein Wandel in Richtung Nachhaltigkeit erfordert Innovationen in vielen Bereichen wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Handelns. Ein neues Instrument erleichtert die Steuerung der notwendigen Innovationsprozesse.
Public Spending on Health as Political Instrument? – Regime-type dependency of public spending
Authors: Münch Angela , Fielding David , Freytag Andreas
Published: November 2020

The paper argues that the level of public spending on health varies according to the type of political regime in a country. A simple political economic model is employed to analyse the rationale of policy makers when implementing healthcare policy. The theory of dictatorship as described by Wintrobe (1990, 1998, 2001) is used to differentiate between the types of autocratic regimes. Furthermore, an empirical analysis is conducted for 170 countries for the years 1995-2014. We found that public spending on health is decreasing with the level of political freedom. At the same time, public spending on health care competes with military expenditures. Moreover, public spending on health in neighbouring countries affects the level of public spending within the country.
Marketing Strategy in Wine Tourism: Tradition Versus Innovation
Authors:   Comrat State University, Levitskaia Alla , Ianioglo Nadejda ,   Comrat State University, Curaxina Svetlana ,   Comrat State University
Published: November 2020

The tools and technologies of traditional marketing cannot ensure the effective functioning of companies in the field of tourism and services. In this regard, the use of digital marketing technologies becomes a prerequisite for successful tourism activity. The results of the study confirm that the use of the digital marketing strategy approach in Moldovan wineries is at an initial stage while global trends prove the effectiveness of their application in the development of competitive advantages of wine tourism. In this article the authors consider it important and relevant to develop potential in the Republic of Moldova through the implementation of a digital marketing strategy in wine tourism promotion activity. Key words: wine tourism, digital strategy, mobile marketing.
Marketing Prerequisites for Entering the Enterprise in the International Market of Information Technologies
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Pererva Petro , Maksymenko Yana ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Sokol Kateryna ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: November 2020

It is substantiated that for a successful entry into the world market, an information enterprise needs to solve a number of important issues: to determine the desired and most attractive market segment that corresponds to the material capabilities of the enterprise; risks; choose the time to market; assess the scale of market entry; substantiate the way (form) of entering the international market. It is recommended to build a future strategy of the information enterprise in the international market using the concept of three horizons: the first horizon reflects the work of the enterprise to further improve the existing information product; the second horizon reflects the work of the enterprise to find new sources of profit; the third horizon reflects the capabilities of the enterprise, given the availability of the required amount of material and intellectual resources, access to international markets with a progressive information product developed on the basis of the blockchain. Key words: information technology, international market, marketing strategies, development horizons, risks
Digital technologies as means of increasing the efficiency and transparency of timber stock trading
Authors:   University of Economics and Humanities (Bielsko-Biala, Poland), Illiashenko Sergii , Shypulina Yuliia ,   NTU «KhPI», Smoliar Yuliia ,   Sumy State University
Published: November 2020

The aim of the article. Domestic stocks suffer a problem of ensuring information transparency and objectivity of trading results, manipulations caused by the distortion of trading results in favor of certain participants. One way to solve this problem is to introduce e-bidding, which reduces the degree of subjectivity in determining best offers during the trading process. However, the domestic practice of digital stock trading proves that existing procedures do not prevent the manipulation of dishonest participants. This situation undermines confidence in e-trading and stock trading in general, causing significant economic losses. This is a burning problem in the stock trading of unprocessed timber, which is due to deficient legislation and governmental regulations of this process. These facts, as well as the significant public response associated with large-scale theft of timber, arise the task of changing principles and improving the system of stock electronic trading of raw timber. The aim of the article is to improve principles and approaches to e-trading of raw timber to increase its efficiency and transparency. The results of the analyses. Main factors contributing to the introduction of digital technologies in various types of business are identified and systematized. The generalized scheme of carrying out effective and transparent electronic trading with application of modern digital technologies is developed, the system of principles of its functioning is formed. The scheme of interaction of stock trading participants at stages of decision-making is developed. Basic characteristics of an improved system of electronic trading of unprocessed timber are defined, the basic approaches to their maintenance are offered. The advantages of practical implementation of the proposed approach to the introduction of a new system of electronic bidding are outlined: wider functionality and increased bidding efficiency; improved informational support of substantiated decisions on purchase and sale; simpler, efficient and non-bureaucratized documentary; ensured bidding objectivity and transparency; advanced control and analysis of bidding, prevention of manipulation. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. The obtained results deepen the theoretical and methodological principles of the organizational and economic mechanism of electronic trading of raw timber in terms of increasing its efficiency and transparency. Further research should be aimed at assessing the feasibility and adaptation of developments for application in stock trading in other fields of the domestic economy. Key words: stock trading, digital trading technologies, trading transparency, trading objectivity, trading efficiency, raw timber.
Jon Abbink, Michael Bryant and Daniel Bambu, Suri Orature: Introduction to the Society, Language and Oral Culture of the Suri People (Southwest Ethiopia)
Authors: Lydall Jean
Published: November 2020

Review
Ronny Meyer, Yvonne Treis, and Azeb Amha, eds, Explorations in Ethiopian Linguistics: Complex Predicates, Finiteness and Interrogativity
Authors: Kapeliuk Olga
Published: November 2020

Review
Serge Dewel, Mouvement charismatique & pentecôtisme en Éthiopie: Identité & religion
Authors: Ancel Stéphane
Published: November 2020

Review
Editorial
Authors: Bausi Alessandro
Published: November 2020

Editorial
Diagnostic yield of the combined Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to predict malignant brain tumor
Authors: Mulyadi Rahmad , Islam Andi Asadul , Murtala Bachtiar , Tammase Jumraini , Hatta Mochammad , Firdaus Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Brain tumor is a neoplasm originating from various type of intracranial tissue. Histopathology is the gold standard to diagnose brain tumor. However, due to its invasive nature, the biopsy procedure poses a substantial risk. Therefore, advanced imaging, such as conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), has been widely developed to determine brain tumor type. Conventional MRI has been a routine examination for a suspected brain tumor in Indonesia, and with the utilization of MRS, could theoretically improve the diagnostic yield. This study aims to find diagnostic properties of conventional MRI, Choline/Creatine and Choline/NAA ratio extracted from MRS, and as a combined parameter to differentiate brain tumor type.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 52 patients who underwent conventional MRI, MRS, and histopathology examination for a suspected brain tumor. The cut-off from Dean Criteria of conventional MRI, Choline/Creatine and Choline/NAA ratio to classify tumor type was determined from the ROC curve and then the diagnostic parameters were calculated from cross-tabulation. Also, a novel approach was made with logical-mathematical equation (disjunction/ Ë… / â€œorâ€ and conjunction/ Ë„ / â€œandâ€) to combined parameter obtained from MRI and MRS to predict histopathological brain tumor type.Results: Conventional MRI combined with MRS improve diagnostic yield compared to a single parameter with a sensitivity of 87.5%, a specificity of 88.6%, accuracy of 88.5%, PPV of 58.3%, NPV of 97.5%, LR+ of 7.68, dan LR- of 0.1.Conclusion: Combination of conventional MRI and MRS parameter could improve the diagnostic yield in differentiating the type of brain tumor.
Limitations of serum albumin level as a marker of nutritional status in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Bawazir Lucky Aziza Abdullah
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Albumin is widely used to evaluate nutritional status. However, its usage on patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. This study was conducted to determine whether serum albumin levels can be used indicator of nutritional status in end-stage CKD patients undergoing routine hemodialysis.Methods. This cross-sectional study included 535 subjects who underwent hemodialysis twice per week in 2017 from three hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected from the medical records of the subjects and analysed using descriptive statistics and mean comparisons of independent samples.Results. Based on body mass index as a marker of nutritional status, the majority (85.9%) of subjects were not underweight. Almost an equal proportion of underweight subjects had normal serum albumin (15.1%) compared with hypoalbuminemia (14.4%). Hypoalbuminemia was found in 29.7% and 28.6% of non-underweight and underweight subjects, respectively. Moreover, there was no significant difference in serum albumin levels between underweight and non-underweight patients (p = 0.886, Mann-Whitney test).Conclusions. Our data do not support a role for serum albumin level as a marker for nutritional status in CKD patients.
A rare case report of symptomatic Bochdalek hernia in an adult
Authors: Supomo Supomo
Published: November 2020

Background: Bochdalek hernia is the most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and is commonly diagnosed prenatally or in the immediate postnatal period. Adult cases are extremely rare and mostly asymptomatic. Symptomatic cases are even more exceptional with a wide variety of gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms, which makes it difficult to diagnose.Case: A 58-year-old female had experienced nausea, vomiting, atypical chest pain, and productive cough for two weeks before admission. She was diagnosed and treated for pneumonia and dyspepsia before being referred to our hospital. Further investigation using computerized tomography (CT) scan of the thorax showed a defect at the posterior aspect of left hemidiaphragm with a protrusion of the stomach and its omentum to the left hemithorax.Conclusion: Symptomatic adult case of Bochdalek hernia is rare and difficult to diagnose. The CT scan can be used to confirm the diagnosis.
The cortisol level, depression anxiety stress score, and quality of life in patient with advance stage cervical cancer after two years of psychorative intervention
Authors: Soetrisno Soetrisno , Cahyanto Erindra Budi , Mulyani Sri , Nugraheni Angesti , Nurinasari Hafi , Tjiang Rubin Enhui
Published: November 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most cancer in women after breast cancer. Emotional stress is the most common comorbid attacking women with advanced-stage cervical cancer, where 13- 40% are depressed which can increase mortality by 39%. Management of cervical cancer has so far focused on standard chemoradiation treatment, but has paid less attention to other aspects such as cognitive, psychological, spiritual and physical. The study aims to determine cortisol levels, Depression Anxiety Stress (DAS) score and quality of life for patients with advanced-stage cervical cancer after two years of psychocurative interventionMethods: The pretest-posttest group design experimental study, continued previous studies, 30 subjects with advanced-stage cervical cancer patients, divided into 15 subjects received standard and psychocurative treatments, the other 15 as controls only received standard therapy. Psychocurative is done independently three times a week for two years based on psychocurative smart books. Home visits are conducted once per week to monitor, motivate the subject to do the psychocurative independently properly and discipline. Cortisol levels, DAS scores and quality of life were measured before and after treatment, the data were analysed by paired t-tests in the SPSS 25 program.Results: One control group subject died before the study was completed. Before and after psychocurative, cortisol levels in the treatment group were 12.29 Â± 4.36 and 6.71 Â± 3.88 with p<0.05. The Depressive scores were 14.13 Â± 3.02 and 8.46 Â± 3.07 with p<0.05. The Anxiety scores 12.13 Â± 1.64 and 6.73 Â± 2.40 with p<0.05. The Stress scores were 14.40 Â± 2.64 and 7.27 Â± 2.81 with p<0.05. The quality of life score of the physical domain were 55.00 Â± 6.54 and 62.67 Â± 8.63 with p <0.05. The Psychical domain was 57.00 Â± 9.41 and 65.66 Â± 8.42 with p <0.05. The Social domain was 33.67 Â± 9.15 and 41.67 Â± 10.29 with p <0.05. The Environmental domain was 63.00 Â± 1.93 and 69.33 Â± 7.76 with p <0.05Conclusions: Psychocurative decreases serum cortisol levels, decreases depression, anxiety, and stress scores and improves the quality of life of the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains.
Law and medical ethics in geriatric patient: current perspectives and a literature review
Authors: Kuswardhani Raden Ayu Tuty
Published: November 2020

Background: In the field of geriatrics, ethical issues (including the law) are very important, even among various branches of medicine, possibly in this branch that ethics and law have the most crucial role. Those several issues need special attention in Indonesia, in which geriatrics is a field of science which was just starting to develop. Therefore, some of the following ethical principles which will be put forward have often not yet present/executed in Indonesia. Meaning and knowledge regarding this matter will give a picture concerning how ethical and legal issues on the elderly patient should be enforced.Objective: This review aims to explore further about the law and medical ethics in geriatric patient.Method: A review of relevant literature was performed to elaborate the law and medical ethics in geriatric patient. A total of 12 qualified published literature of all years until 2019 were collected from several electronic database and manual search and included in this review.Result: According to the law and medical ethics in geriatric patient, there were several considerations that need to carried out in the service of the elderly patient, those are ethical principles, directives of patientâ€™s wish, administration of life sustaining device, condition of geriatric in unconscious/deep coma, approach to the patient, and religious and ethical aspects.Conclusion: In the practice of geriatric services in our country, several aspects should be a considerations by following the law and medical ethics.
The quality of Life in Panti Wreda Sosial Salib Putih (PWSSP): a study of social and nutritional aspects among elderly women
Authors: Donalia Betra , Sanubari Theresia Pratiwi Elingsetyo
Published: November 2020

Background: Vulnerability among older women than older men create a different challenge to achieve their quality of life. A different place to stay and the aging process can affect a high risk of malnutrition among older people. Based on Indonesia regulation, no. 11/2009, the government builds one program to ensure older people get social welfare. But negative stigma toward panti wreda from community provokes panti wredaâ€™s challenge in their services. Moreover, the different aging process creates a different challenge. Sometimes, older people find it difficult to communicate in recent places, different physical activity, and nutrition status.Â Objective: To explore quality life from older women in panti wreda from the social and nutrition aspect.Â Methods: This study uses descriptive quantitative methods. Recall, Index Bartel, and Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA) are used to collect data in Panti Wreda Sosial Salib Putih. Data can be obtained from 13 older women among 16 total older women in Panti Wreda. Three older women cannot be collected regarding their condition, i.e., bed rest and mental health problems.Result: Panti Wreda Sosial Salib Putih has the challenge of providing diet requirements among older women. The tight budget causes Panti Wreda Sosial Salib Putih only to provide indifferent food every day. Limited diet requirements among older people lead to a high risk of malnutrition. Recall data show that older people in Panti Wreda Sosial Salib Putih have excess in protein and fats. And based on MNA, 7 older women from 13 older women in total have malnutrition, while data from index bartel show that all older women have independent status.Â  Conclusion: older women in Panti Wreda Salib Putih still have the challenge to meet their diet requirements while independent status can create a new challenge to have malnutrition.
Concurrent infections of Trichomoniasis and nongonococcal cervicitis in a menopausal woman: a case report
Authors: Karna Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti
Published: November 2020

Background: Trichomoniasis is a rare, sexually transmitted infection. Trichomoniasis can often coincide with other pathogens that cause genital infections. Menopausal women remain at risk of developing this disease due to physiological and anatomical changes in the female genital organs.Case: A woman, age 61 years, experience vaginal discharge from one month with itching in the genital area. The last menstruation period was 7 years ago. The patient had one sexual intercourse a month ago with her boyfriend; it was the first sexual contact since 7 years ago, without using a condom.Result: Pelvic examination reveal vaginal wall erythema, yellowish discharge on the fornix posterior, and cervical, watery consistency. Leukocytes 20-25 per field view and Trichomonas vaginalis was found on laboratory examination. pH examination on the vagina was 8. The patient was diagnosed with Trichomoniasis, and nongonococcal cervicitis was given metronidazole 2 x 500 mg, azithromycin 1000 mg single dose for therapy. After therapy with metronidazole, there is an increase in pH that occurred a week after therapy, which amounted to 10 and decreased one week later to 8. An increase in leukocytes also accompanied increased pH in cases, so that co-infection with other germs should be considered.Â Conclusion: Examination of wet vaginal preparations revealed trichomonas vaginalis that are alive and moving. In follow-up observations, there was an increase in vaginal pH and increased leukocytes in the vaginal gram. Specific causative bacteria were not found, and thus, the patient was diagnosed with a non-specific genital infection on further observation.
Late latent syphilis accompanied by ocular syphilis in a geriatric patient: a case report
Authors: Puspawati Ni Made Dwi , Wiraguna Anak Agung Gede Putra , Indira I Gusti Agung Ayu Elis , Sari Ida Ayu Diah Purnama
Published: November 2020

Background: Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum and is transmitted primarily through sexual intercourse. However, late latent syphilis accompanied by ocular syphilis in geriatric patients is quite seldom. This study aims to determine a case report regarding late latent syphilis accompanied by ocular syphilis in a geriatric patient.Case Description: A 75 years old man, was consulted from the Ophthalmology Department to the Dermatology and Venereology Department with suspect syphilis. Patient came with a chief complaint of blurred vision in the right eye since 2 weeks ago, which is getting worse since 4 days ago. The laboratory results of complete blood routine, renal function tests, liver function tests, blood sugar levels are within normal limits. The titer result of VDRL was 1:16 and TPHA was 1: 160. Based on anamnesis, physical and laboratory examination, the patient was diagnosed with late latent syphilis and ocular syphilis. The patient was given three weekly interval dose of Benzathine Penicillin G 2.4 million international units intramuscularly.Conclusion: One-month follow-up after the treatment, the patient's condition improved. Blurred vision in the right eye was reduced. There are no complaints of headache and hearing loss.
Condyloma acuminatum in a 62-year-old patient with HIV infection
Authors: Wiraguna Anak Agung Gde Putra , Puspawati Ni Made Dwi
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Condyloma acuminatum is caused by infection from Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), mostly found in the perineum and genital area. Therefore HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Infection often occurs in patients with a decreased immune system, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.Case: A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with condyloma acuminatum in the penis and accompanied by stage IV HIV infection. CD4 + count is 23 cells/Î¼L. Patients were given electric surgical therapy and 80% TCA. After receiving 8 treatments in 3 months, there was no significant improvement.Discussion: There are several therapeutic modalities in the management of condyloma acuminatum. Some considerations in the selection of condyloma acuminatum therapy include size, number, anatomic location of the lesion, patient comfort, side effects and the experience of the doctor in charge. The immune system plays an important role in the successful treatment of HPV infections. The risk of persistence, recurrence, and malignant transformation can increase with the decrease in the immune system by HIV infection as measured by CD4 + counts. In this case, more aggressive treatment will be needed and immunomodulators can be given to increase the success of the therapy.Conclusion: Host immune status has a significant impact on the course of HPV disease and response to treatment. HIV patients have an increased risk of HPV infection, with an increase in the duration and persistence of the disease and thus require aggressive therapy.
Acute toxicity profile and Sun Protection Factor (SPF) nanoemulgel combination of C-phenylcalix[4]resorcinaryl octacinnamate, C-methylcalix[4]resorcinaryl octabenzoate, and quercetin in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Indrayani Agung Wiwiek , Jawi I Made , Artini I Gusti Ayu , Sucindra Ni Wayan , Martodihardjo Suwaldi , Radiono Sunardi , Jumina Jumina , Budiana I Gusti Made Ngurah , Arimurni Dewa Ayu , Wahyudi Made Dwi Pradipta , Chabib Lutfi , Mustofa Mustofa
Published: November 2020

Background:Â The ageing process (photoaging) can be caused by sun exposure, especially ultraviolet light. Organic and inorganic sunscreen products are commercially available. Two calixarene organic compounds, namely C-phenylcalix[4]resorcinaryl octacinnamate and C-methylcalix[4]resorcinaryl octabenzoate, have been successfully synthesized. Besides, the antioxidant quercetin can be potentially combined with these two compounds since ultraviolet rays also cause reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity profileÂ in vitroÂ by cell line Vero and to develop the optimal activity of the product in New Zealand rabbit skin.Methods:Â Optimal formulation of three formulas nanoemulgel of sunscreen was usingÂ Â D Optimal Mixture Design.Â Acute cytotoxicity testÂ in vitroÂ by culture cell line Vero was usingÂ randomized post-test only control group design. The activity of the product was measured by the value of Sun Protection Factor (SPF) in vivo usingÂ randomized post-test only control group design.Â Data of acute toxicity in vitro test (IC50 value) was analyzed using probit analysis and activity sun protection factor was analyzed using one-way ANOVA on SPSS version 20 for Windows.Â Results:Â TheÂ in-vitroÂ toxicity test of formula 1, 2, 3 nanoemulgel were 2,940.569 Âµg/mL, 13,489.728 Âµg/mL, and 6,289.248 Âµg/mL respectively. The formula 1 nanoemulgel sunscreen products were produced with the three highest SPF values. SPFÂ in vivoÂ test showed that the nanoemulgel protection capability of the formula 1 with three different doses were 34; 36; dan 43 respectively.Â Conclusion:Â It can be concluded that the nanoemulgel sunscreen products were successfully formulated with high in vivo SPF value and can be potentially developed as organic sunscreens in the future because it is not toxic in culture cell.
Clinical profile of patients with cerebrovascular disease at Stroke Unit, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Tini Kumara , Samatra I Dewa Putu Gde Purwa , Wiryadana Kadek Adit , Supadmanaba I Gede Putu
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Stroke is the leading cause of disability and has a high mortality rate with most death occur in developing countries. Unfortunately, only a few informations available about strokes in developing countries, including Indonesia. Thus, this research aimed to provide a general overview of stroke patients from stroke unit in Bali, Indonesia.Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar Bali between August 2017 â€“ January 2018 evaluating newly admitted stroke patients. There was no age limit, both male and female were enrolled. Data related to socio-demographic, risk factors, clinical features, and imaging result were extracted from medical records.Results. A total of 82 subjects were enrolled. Strokes were more common in males (61%) with most affected age group was 50-59 years (29.3%) and young stroke (age â‰¤45 years) accounted for 19.5% of the cases. Ischemic stroke (53.7%) was more common type encountered, and hypertension (76.8.3%) was leading risk factor. First-time stroke accounts for 80.5% while recurrent stroke accounts for 19.5% with 3.6% admitted for the â‰¥3 episodes. Overall, territories of middle cerebral artery including basal ganglia (25%) and internal capsule (20.5%) were frequently affected in ischemic stroke while lenticular-capsular (44.7) and lobar structure (18.4%) in hemorrhagic stroke. Typical chief clinical presentation was hemiparesis (42.7%) and altered consciousness (26.8%).Conclusions. Stroke tends to affect late adult with male predominance and hypertension as leading risk factor. Ischemic stroke was the most common type. There were differences in clinical presentations and anatomic site preferences between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke.
Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on pulmonary tuberculosis activity in people living with HIV/AIDS at Wangaya hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Suryana Ketut , Suharsono Hamong , Antara Jarwa , Rai Ida Bagus Ngurah
Published: November 2020

Background: Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) can reduce the Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis (APT) in People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Â IPT is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). It has not been implemented routinely in all countries.Aim: To evaluate whether IPT in PLWHA reduces the APT at Wangaya Hospital, in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted during October 2014 until November 2016. A total of 244 PLWHA were included in this study. The first group were 122 participants received antiretroviral therapy (ART) and IPT and 122 participants received only ART (second group). Cox regression analysis was employed to calculate effects in both groups and to identify predictor factors for active tuberculosis. The statistical analysis performed with cox proportional hazard model.Results: There were 137 (56.1%) males and 107 (43.9%) females. Incidence of APT in the IPT group was 1.09 per 100 person years and non IPT groups was 12.57 per 100 person years. Incidence of APT in the non IPT groups was significantly higher than in the IPT groups with crude hazard ratio (cHR) of 12.59 (95% CI: 2.70-53.43). After variables adjustment for age, sex and CD4 count, the incidence of APT in the non IPT group were found with adjustment hazard ratio (aHR) of 10.26 (95% CI: 2.15-48.99).Conclusion: Â The incidence of APT was significantly higher in the non IPT group than in the IPT group.
Platinum based chemotherapy for Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Kusumanto Ardhanu
Published: November 2020

Background: The management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has evolved to become a combination of initial cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy has been regarded as standard therapy for the majority of women with advanced EOC for several decades. A thorough understanding of drug resistance mechanisms is needed, as this remains the largest obstacle in treating patients with recurrent disease. The aim of characterized by age of women, type, stage, grade and clinical staging of the tumor.Methods: Data from regimens containing platinum (cisplatin or carboplatin) used in treating ovarian carcinoma in Sarjito General Hospital were analyzed prospectively. Relative dose intensity was calculated as a fraction of the dosage of a drug in the standard regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and platinum.Results: Â Â The higher age of women will have lower response to chemotherapy. Women aged below 50 years old are much higher responsive to chemotherapy.Conclusion: Cisplatin based chemotherapy has a better response to ovarian carcinoma in earlier stage. In higher stage, it will give a complete removal of all macroscopic tumor tissue.
Effect of mechanical bowel preparation in fibroblast, collagen density and histopathology analysis in colon anastomosis site of Wistar rat
Authors: Syahputra Dian Adi , Kusmayadi Dikki Drajat , Hernowo Bethy S
Published: November 2020

Backgrounds: Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) was almost considered dogmatic in colorectal surgery. There are several methods known to perform MBP. Anastomotic leakage is considered higher in patients who had MBP, and it is thought due to alteration colonic morphologic, electrolyte and fluid imbalance.Methods: This is an experimental study divided into two groups.Â  This study aims to determine the difference in collagen density, amount of fibroblast and histopathologic features in the anastomotic site between Wistar rats that had MBP and without MBP to the colonic anastomosis. The first group consists of 6 Wistar rats who had colonic anastomosis without MBP, and the second group consists of 6 Wistar rats who had colonic anastomosis with BMP. On the 10th day after surgery, histopathology examination is performed with regards to collagen density, the number of fibroblasts, infiltration of inflammatory cells and the degree of bowel wall damage at the anastomotic site. Independent t-test is used to analyze the data if it is normally distributed and Mann-Whitney test is used if the data is not normally distributed.Results: The amount of fibroblast was significant difference between two groups (p=0.02), which is amount of fibroblast in the second group (3.83 Â± 0.408) is higher than the first group (2.33 Â± 0.816). Meanwhile, there is no significant difference regarding collagen density, infiltration of inflammatory cells and the degree of bowel wall damage (p=0.59, p=0.082 dan p=1.00).Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is by performing MBP prior to colonic anastomosis will exert the effect of more abundant fibroblast.