bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PANJANG TUNGKAI DAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI TERHADAP HASIL LARI 100 METER ATLET ATLETIK
Authors: Sunardi Dewi rahmawati , Sujiono Bambang , Marani Ika Novitaria
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat  mengetahui hubungan panjang tungkai dan daya ledak otot tungkai terhadap hasil lari 100 meter pada klub atletik Jakarta Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan Teknik studi korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para anggota klub Atletik Jakarta Utara dengan jumlah atlet 50 atlet. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang, sampel ditentukan dengan Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: (1). Terdapat hubungan Panjang Tungkai dengan hasil lari 100 meter diperoleh koefisien korelasi ry1  = 0.69, yang berarti variabel panjang tungkai memberikan sumbangan terhadap hasil lari 100 meter sebesar 82.38 %. (2). Terdapat hubungan yang berarti antara daya ledak otot tungkai dengan hasil lari 100 meter, diperoleh koefisien korelasi ry2 = 0,94 yang berarti variabel Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai memberikan sumbangan terhadap hasil lari 100 meter  sebesar 88.50 %. (3). Terdapat hubungan berarti antara Panjang Tungkai dan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai dengan hasil lari 100 meter secara Bersama – sama, dengan koefisien korelasi ganda Ry1-2 = 0,94 hal ini berarti bahwa 88.50% Hasil Lari 100 Meter ditentukan oleh Panjang Tungkai dan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai secara bersama-sama.

 Kata Kunci : Panjang Tungkai, Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai, Hasil Lari 100 Meter.

 ABSTRACT        

               The purpose of this research is to find out relationship between leg length and leg muscle explosiveness to the results of running 100 meters at the North Jakarta athletic club. The method used in this study is a survey method with correlational study techniques. The population in this study were the members of the North Jakarta Athletics Club with 50 athletes. The number of samples is 30 people, the sample is determined by purposive sampling. The results of the study concluded that: (1). There is a relationship between the length of the limb with the result of running 100 meters and the correlation coefficient is ry1 = 0.69, which means that the leg length variable contributes to the 100 meter run by 82.38%. (2). There is a significant relationship between the leg muscle explosive power with the result of running 100 meters, the correlation coefficient ry2 = 0.94, which means the variable Explosion of Leg Muscle contributes to the 100 meter running result of 88.50%. (3). There is a significant relationship between Leg Length and Leg Muscle Explosion with the results of running 100 meters together, with a double correlation coefficient Ry1-2 = 0.94 this means that 88.50% 100 Meters Run Results are determined by Leg Length and Muscle Explosion Power. Limb together.

Keywords: Leg length and leg muscle explosive power, results of 100 meters run.
HUBUNGAN KOORDINASI MATA TANGAN, KAKI DAN KELINCAHAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DIG PADA ATLET BOLA VOLI PUTRI FORTIUS
Authors: Wardani Rosalina , Apriyanto Tirto , Novitaria Marani Ika
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui:  (1). Hubungan antara antara koordinasi mata tangan, dan kaki terhadap kemampuan dig pada atlet bola voli putri Fortius. (2). Hubungan antara kelincahan terhadap kemampuan dig pada atlet bola voli putri Fortius. (3). Hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan, kaki dan kelincahan pada kemampuan dig atlet bola voli putri Fortius. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan teknik studi korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para anggota klub bola voli puteri Universitas Negeri Jakarta dengan jumlah 45 atlet. Jumlah sampel sebayak 30 orang, sampel ditentukan dengan Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: (1). Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara koordinasi mata, tangan, kaki dengan hasil kemampuan dig. Variabel koordinasi mata, tangan, dan kaki memberikan sumbangan terhadap kemampuan dig sebesar 52,03%. (2). Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara kelincahan dengan hasil kemampuan dig. Variabel Kelincahan memberikan sumbangan terhadap kemampuan dig sebesar 43,96%. (3). Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara koordinasi mata, tangan, kaki dan kelincahan dengan hasil kemampuan dig secara bersama-sama. Variabel koordinasi mata, tangan, kaki dan kelincahan memberikan sumbangan terhadap kemampuan dig sebesar 55,81%.

Kata Kunci: Koordinasi Mata Tangan Dan Kaki, Kelincahan, Kemampuan Dig

 ABSTRACT

 This study aims to determine: (1). The relationship between eye, hand and foot coordination on dig ability in Fortius women's volleyball athletes. (2). The relationship between agility and ability to dig in the women's volleyball athlete Fortius. (3). The relationship between eye, hand and foot coordination and agility on the ability of Fortius women's volleyball athletes. The method used in this study was a survey method with correlational study techniques. The population in this study were members of the women's volleyball club Jakarta State University with a total of 45 athletes. The number of samples is 30 people, the sample is determined by purposive sampling.

The results of the study concluded that: (1). There is a positive relationship between eye, hand, and foot coordination with the results of dig ability variables contribute to the dig ability results by 52.03% (2). There is a positive relationship between agility with the results of the ability to dig variable only contributes to the results of the dig capability of 43.96%. (3). There is a positive relationship between the coordination of eyes, hands, feet and agility with the results of the ability to dig together contribute to the results of the dig ability of 55.81%.

 Keyword : Coordination Of Eyes Hands Feet, Agility, Ability To Dig
PENGARUH SPORT MASSAGE TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM LAKTAT PADA KOP SEPAK BOLA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Hendra Hasibuan Muchtar , H. Jutalo Yansen
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Perlakukan sport massage dalam suatu proses pemulihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penurunan kadar asam laktat pada tubuh dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektifitas penurunan kadar asam laktat secara manual yaitu sport massage. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan one group pretest dan postes design. Adapun perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan small sided games satu lawan satu dengan waktu satu kali perlakuan 45 detik dan waktu istirahat 90 detik, dan dilakukan selama 4 kali.

Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dimulai dengan mengukur kadar asam laktat setelah sampel melakukan tes sebanyak 4 kali, hal itu dijadikan sebagai data awal. Kemudian sampel diberikan treatment selama 30 menit, dan hasilnya dijadikan sebagai data akhir.

Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah diperoleh bahwa perlakuan sport massage terbukti dapat menurunkan kadar asam laktat lebih efektif. Hal itu dapat dilihat dari hasil tes akhir pada asam laktat sport massage dengan persentase penuruan asam laktat sebesar 62%.

Kata kunci        : Sport Massage, Asam Laktat

 ABSTRACT

 Sports massage treatment in a recovery process. This study aims to determine the level of decrease in levels of lactic acid in the body and to determine the comparison of the effectiveness of reducing levels of lactic acid manually, namely sports massage. This research was conducted with one group pretest and posttest design approaches. The treatment in this study was the use of one-on-one small sided games with a time of 45 seconds treatment and 90 seconds rest time, and carried out for 4 times. The data collection of this study began by measuring the level of lactic acid after the sample was tested 4 times, it was used as preliminary data. Then the sample is given treatment for 30 minutes, and the results are used as the final data.

The results of this study were obtained that the treatment of sports massage was proven to reduce levels of lactic acid more effectively. It can be seen from the results of the final test on lactic acid sports massage with a decrease in lactic acid percentage of 62%.

 Keyword           : Sport Massage, Level Of Lactic Acid
PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER DISIPLIN MELALUI SEPAKBOLA USIA DINI PADA LIGA INDONESIAN JUNIOR SOCCER LEAGUE 2018
Authors: Aristandi Dhika Aristandi , Juriana Juriana , Wardoyo Hendro
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengembangan karakter disiplin melalui sepakbola usia dini pada peserta Indonesian Junior Soccer League 2018. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode survei, yaitu dengan menggunakan kuesioner pembentukan karakter disiplin. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah incidental sampling, yaitu yang dijadikan sampel adalah orang tua atau wali dari peserta liga Indonesian Junior Soccer League yang peneliti temui secara kebetulan sebanyak 368 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket. Instrumen yang telah tersusun tersebut dikonsultasikan kepada ahli, selanjutnya dilakukan uji validitas dengan hasil r-tabel 0,254 dan r-total 28,93 dan reliabilitas sebesar 0,85. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan prosentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan karakter disiplin melalui sepakbola usia dini pada peserta Indonesian Junior Soccer League 2018 adalah sebagai berikut : sebanyak 148 orang tua (40%) menyatakan bahwa melalui sepakbola karakter disiplin anak sangat berkembang, sebanyak 121 orang (31%) cukup berkembang, dan 99 orang (27%) kurang berkembang terhadap pembentukan karakter disiplin anak melalui sepakbola.

Kata kunci: Pengembangan Karakter, Disiplin, Sepakbola Usia dini

ABSTRACT

This study aims to find out how far the development of the character of discipline through early soccer in the league of Indonesian Junior Soccer League 2018. The method used in this research is survey method, that is by using questionnaire forming character of cooperation. The sampling technique in this research is incidental sampling, which is taken as sample is the parent or guardian of the Indonesian league participants Junior Soccer League who researchers meet by chance as much as 368 people. This research is quantitative descriptive. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Instrument that has been arranged was consulted to the expert, then tested the validity with the result rtabel 0,254 and rtotal 28,93 and reliability equal to 0,85. Data analysis technique is descriptive analysis with percentage. The results showed that the development of the character of discipline through early soccer in the league Indonesian Junior  Soccer  League 2018  is in the category of low or bad as many as 148  people (40%) on the formation of discipline character, as many as 121 people (31%) have knowledge of being or enough to form the character of discipline, as many as  99 people (27%)

Keywords: Character Development, discipline, Soccer Grassroot
River Bank Analysis in the Vicinity of Sebatik Island and Its Influence to Determine Boundary of Indonesia-Malaysia
Authors: Jati Ardiawan , Pratomo Danar
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Sungai sebagai batas tercantum dalam Perjanjian Belanda-Inggris tahun 1915 dengan Peta Lampiran tanpa koordinat yang jelas. Ini merupakan kendala dalam melacak batas-batas di sungai karena yang mana sungai itu dinamis, perubahan bentuk dan tepi sungai dapat terjadi dalam kurun waktu lebih dari 100 tahun. Citra satelit Landsat multi-temporal yang diproses dengan kombinasi band (color composite) digunakan untuk mengamati posisi tepi sungai dari tahun 1989 hingga 2019 dengan interpretasi visual dan digitalisasi manual. Hasilnya, selama 30 tahun terjadi pergeseran di tepi sungai Sikapal dengan rata-rata 11,4 m di sisi kanan (Indonesia) dan 15 m di sisi kiri (Malaysia). Pergeseran rata-rata tepi sungai Tamboe adalah sisi kanan 25,1 m dan di sisi kiri 8,8 m. Pergeseran ini relatif kecil karena di sekitar sungai Sikapal dan Tamboe banyak ditumbuhi oleh hutan bakau yang dapat memperlambat laju erosi. Tepi sungai pada tahun 1989, 1999, 2009 dan 2019 digunakan sebagai dasar penentuan batas Indonesia-Malaysia menggunakan pendekatan tiga tahap. Hasilnya, ada perbedaan dalam bentuk garis batas meskipun kecil. Namun, wilayah sungai Indonesia dan Malaysia masih memiliki rasio proporsional 1: 1,03 pada tahun 1989, 1999, 2009 dan 2019. Meskipun rasio tersebut sama, luas sungai telah meningkat sebesar 0,08-0,11 km2.

Abstrak: River as the boundary is listed in the 1915 Netherland-British Agreement with its Annex Map without any clear coordinates. This is an obstacle in tracing boundaries in the real river because where river is dynamic, changes in the river shape and river bank can occur in more than 100 years. Multi-temporal Landsat satellite imagery processed with a combination of bands (color composite) is used to observe the position of the river bank from 1989 to 2019 with visual interpretation and manual digitization. As a result, over 30 years there was a shift in the Sikapal river bank with an average of 11.4 m on the right side (Indonesia) and 15 m on the left side (Malaysia). The average shift of the Tamboe river bank is the right side 25.1 m and on the left side 8.8 m. The shift is relatively small because around the Sikapal and Tamboe rivers banks are overgrown by mangrove forests which can slow down the rate of erosion. River banks in 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 were used as a basis for delimitation of the Indonesia-Malaysia boundary using a three-stage approach. As a result, there are differences in the shape of the boundary line although it is small. However, the river area of Indonesia and Malaysia still has a proportional ratio of 1: 1.03 in 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019. Although the ratio is the same, the area of the river has increased by 0.08-0.11 km2.
Kerentanan Masyarakat Kabupaten Karanganyar terhadap Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19)
Authors: Nugroho Rizky , Safira Lucky , Maya Safra Arrevi , Rani Dewi Novita , Puspitasari Ria , Rahmawati Eva Merita
Published: September 2020

Abstrak: Kabupaten Karanganyar, Provinsi Jawa Tengah terletak di jalur lintas provinsi yaitu provinsi jawa tengah dan jawa timur, karena tersebut maka interaksi dan mobilitas manusia terjadi secara intensif. Interaksi dan mobilitas tersebut berpotensi menjadi pemicu penyebaran Coronavirus Disesase 2019 (Covid-19). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kerentanan masyarakat Kabupaten Karanganyar terhadap Covid-19 dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara parameter kerentanan masyarakat dan jumlah kasus Covid-19 di Karanganyar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif, teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis korelasi spearman rank. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 13 dari 17 kecamatan di Kabupaten Karanganyar tergolong rentan sangat tinggi terhadap Covid-19. Namun demikian, hubungan antara tingkat kerentanan wilayah dan jumlah kasus Covid-19 tidak signifikan yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai signifikansi (1-tailed) 0,017<0,05. Hal itu terjadi karena kondisi kepadatan penduduk, tingkat Pendidikan, serta akses informasi tentang Covid-19 di Kabupaten Karanganyar tergolong tinggi.

Abstract: Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province is located in the cross-provincial route, namely Central Java and East Java, because of this, human interaction and mobility occur intensively. These interactions and mobility have the potential to trigger the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The purpose of this study was to determine the vulnerability of the people of Karanganyar Regency to Covid-19 and to determine the relationship between the parameters of community vulnerability and the number of Covid-19 cases in Karanganyar. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method, the analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis techniques and Spearman rank correlation analysis. The analysis showed that 13 of the 17 sub-districts in the Karanganyar Regency were classified as very vulnerable to Covid-19. However, the relationship between the level of regional vulnerability and the number of Covid-19 cases was not significant as indicated by the significance value (1-tailed) 0.017 <0.05. This happened because the condition of population density, education level, and access to information about Covid-19 in Karanganyar Regency was relatively high.
Synthesis of invariant circuit angular stabilization of unmanned aircraft at the pitch angle
Authors: Rozhkov I. V.
Published: September 2020

The article considers the synthesis methods of an automatic invariant system of the pitch angle stabilization of an unmanned aerial vehicle that is based on the concept of inverse dynamics problems. The methods and results of simulation mathematical results of synthesized stabilization loop with using the Simulink of program MATLAB. The results of a comparative analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the contour of angular stabilization of an unmanned aerial vehicle by pitch angle with a PID-controller and a synthesized robust controller are presented.
Isolation of a periodic component by singular wavelet decomposition
Authors: Romanchak V. M. , Hundzina M. A.
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we propose to use a discrete wavelet transform with a singular wavelet to isolate the periodic component from the signal. Traditionally, it is assumed that the validity condition must be met for a basic wavelet (the average value of the wavelet is zero). For singular wavelets, the validity condition is not met. As a singular wavelet, you can use the Delta-shaped functions, which are involved in the estimates of Parzen-Rosenblatt, Nadaraya-Watson. Using singular value of a wavelet is determined by the discrete wavelet transform. This transformation was studied earlier for the continuous case. Theoretical estimates of the convergence rate of the sum of wavelet transformations were obtained; various variants were proposed and a theoretical justification was given for the use of the singular wavelet method; sufficient conditions for uniform convergence of the sum of wavelet transformations were formulated. It is shown that the wavelet transform can be used to solve the problem of nonparametric approximation of the function. Singular wavelet decomposition is a new method and there are currently no examples of its application to solving applied problems. This paper analyzes the possibilities of the singular wavelet method. It is assumed that in some cases a slow and fast component can be distinguished from the signal, and this hypothesis is confirmed by the numerical solution of the real problem. A similar analysis is performed using a parametric regression equation, which allows you to select the periodic component of the signal. Comparison of the calculation results confirms that nonparametric approximation based on singular wavelets and the application of parametric regression can lead to similar results.
Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib-based therapies: Real-world data in the Han population
Authors: Mo Hongnan , Ma Fei , Li Qing , Zhang Pin , Yuan Peng , Wang Jiayu , Luo Yang , Cai Ruigang , Li Qiao , Xu Binghe
Published: September 2020

Background: Palbociclib combined with endocrine therapy has become the standard treatment for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer. However, little is known about the effectiveness of diverse palbociclib-based regimens other than letrozole and fulvestrant in the real-world clinical setting. This study aimed to reveal the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in Han patients in routine clinical practice.Methods: The clinical data of patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib were collected from the China National Cancer Center database. The efficacy profile of palbociclib in this Han population was evaluated, especially in patients younger than 40 years, in those with bone-only metastasis, for various regimen combinations, and as different treatment lines. Propensity score matching was employed to match patients with or without previous everolimus treatment. Results: A total of 186 patients from 89 cities in 18 provinces in China were enrolled. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was similar among different palbociclib-combined groups (P=0.566): 10.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.8–16.1) in the exemestane plus palbociclib group, 9.7 months (95% CI 6.3–13.1) in the letrozole plus palbociclib group, 7.8 months (95% CI 5.5–10.2) in the fulvestrant plus palbociclib group, 7.2 months (95% CI 3.2–11.3) in the toremifene plus palbociclib group, and 6.1 months (95% CI 1.2–11.0) in the anastrozole plus palbociclib group. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with bone-only metastasis (median PFS: 8.8 vs. 7.8 months; P=0.023) and those who received palbociclib as first-line treatment (median PFS: 14.0 months, 95% CI 11.4–16.6; P<0.001) had prolonged PFS compared with other patients. Patients pretreated with everolimus had significantly worse PFS (3.4 months, 95% CI 0.7–6.1) than those in the everolimus-naïve group (8.8 months, 95% CI 6.6–11.0, P=0.001) in the whole population. After propensity score matching, patients pretreated with everolimus had inferior PFS (4.4 months, 95% CI 0.5–8.2) compared with everolimus-naïve patients (6.1 months, 95% CI 4.7–7.5, P=0.439). Conclusions: Various palbociclib-based regimens have promising efficacy in real-world settings, even in patients with bone-only metastasis. Palbociclib resistance is more common in patients pretreated with everolimus, and in the settings of subsequent treatment compared with first-line treatment.
Effect of Masks on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test and Lower Limb Muscle Performance for Evaluating the Safety of Wearing Surgical Masks During Aerobic Exercise in Normal Subjects: Study Protocol for A Randomized Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Huang Haojie , Zheng Yuxin , Li Mei , Zhang Lingzi , Liang Junjie , Lang Shijuan , Xu Shaoming , Liu Yisha , Zheng Meifeng , Ou Haining , Lin Qiang
Published: September 2020

Background: Face masks are an important mitigation strategy against respiratory virus contact and community transmission. Sometimes, people must wear surgical mask at rest or during exercise to minimize the risk of cross-infection, but it is unclear whether wearing a surgical mask during exercise can impact cardiopulmonary health. Thus, we designed this study using the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with simultaneous surface electromyography (EMG) to objectively evaluate the impact of mask-wearing on ventilation, exercise intolerance, and aerobic functional capacity.Methods: Healthy young subjects without professional sports experience will be recruited in this randomized cross-over clinical study. The recruited subjects will be randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 will first receive an intervention protocol (CPET wearing surgical mask) followed by 2-7days of washout. This will be followed by a control protocol (CPET without wearing surgical mask). Group 2 will receive the opposite sequence of interventions. The surface EMG data will be simultaneously collected. The primary outcome is the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) between the two CPETs (with or without a mask). The secondary outcomes are peak oxygen consumption (VO2), volume of carbon dioxide released (VCO2), tidal volume (VT), and EMG parameters including root mean square (RMS), and median frequency (MF). An ANOVA with a two-stage crossover will be used. Three factors will be considered for the experimental effect: the type of intervention (wearing masks or not wearing masks), the experimental periods (period I and period II), and individual differences in subjects. The paired t-test will be used to compare the differences of CPET parameters and surface EMG values between subjects with and without a mask. Discussion: This study offers insight on the use of surgical mask during aerobic exercise by CPET in the normal subjects. The data expand on the use of CPET with surface EMG for insight into the pathophysiological relationship between cardiopulmonary function and muscular motor performance.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ID: ChiCTR2000033449. Data of registration: June 1, 2020.
Quality of Life in Women With Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - Pilot Studies in The Łódź Province
Authors: Górczewska Bogumiła , Jakubowska-Pietkiewicz Elżbieta
Published: September 2020

Osteoporosis is a social disease and epidemic of the 21st century, and is also a growing problem in the ageing Polish society. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Material and methods The study was an outpatient, questionnaire-based poll, carried out from VI.2018 to V.2019. A group of 198 women, aged 72.31±8.59 years with diagnosed postmenopausal osteoporosis in two Osteoporosis Clinics in the city of Łódź (Poland) were included. The paper uses: the Polish version of the QUALEFFO 41 quality of life scale, the VAS scale and a survey of my own authorship. The data were analysed using multiple linear regression.Results The average result of QUALEFFO-41 was 40.26±16.92 points. Analysing individual QUALEFFO-41 domains the lowest quality of life was found in the mental function domain (mental function 48.49±18.06 points). The visual analogue scale of pain was 4.87±2.39 points. The VAS scale positively correlated with all QUALEFFO 41 domains. Marital status, education and financial situation had a significant statistical impact on the quality of life (p<;0.05). Multiple regression step-by-step analysis showed that pain expressed on the VAS scale, pain awakening from sleep, taking sleeping pills and older age of respondents deteriorate the quality of life.Conclusion The analysis showed that Polish women with postmenopausal osteoporosis have an average quality of life. In Poland the assessment of quality of life of chronically ill patients and routine evaluation of pain severity on the VAS scale is not common.
Vascular Surgery Trainee Retention in the UK: How Many Leave and Why? A Survey of Trainee and Training Programme Directors’ perceptions.
Authors: Atkins Eleanor , Kandola Sandhir , Kent Frances , McBride Olivia
Published: September 2020

Background: It is currently not known how many trainees leave vascular surgery, and their reasons for doing so are unclear. This paper is the first to publish the number of UK trainees leaving the training programme and interrogates their reasons for doing so. Methods: An email survey was distributed to current and recent Training Programme Directors (TPDs) to quantify the number of trainees resigning between 2013 and 2019. Trainees resigning a National Training Number (NTN) were surveyed regarding their reasons for doing so. Results: Since 2013, 23 UK vascular surgery trainees have resigned NTNs, representing 15.4% of the 149 NTNs awarded between 2013 and our analysis. Reasons for leaving, as relayed by TPDs, included availability of an academic career, geography, health and many other reasons classified as “work-life balance” factors. Data from the trainees surveyed also highlighted work-life balance but also identified pressures within the training system and NHS. Conclusions: UK data of this sort has not previously been available. The authors recommend prospective data collection, structured exit interviews with trainees who decide to leave, improvements to the inter-deanery transfer process, increased consideration of flexible training options and early realistic exposure to vascular surgery for junior doctors to improve trainee retention rates in vascular surgery.
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on the Treatment and Care of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease in Germany: Results of a Nationwide Survey
Authors: Walendy Victor , Girndt Matthias , Greinert Daniel Frederik
Published: September 2020

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the treatment and care of patients with chronic kidney disease in Germany: Results of a nationwide survey Background/Aims The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a major challenge for patients, healthcare professionals and populations worldwide. Many peculiarities arise in dealing with outpatient and inpatient dialysis patients, patients with chronic kidney disease, or kidney transplantation. We conducted this first nationwide survey in German dialysis facilities to map the situation in May 2020, to explore the feasibility of the hygiene recommendations, and to identify changes in non-dialysis CKD-patient treatment. Methods A cross-sectional voluntary online questionnaire survey with 65 items was distributed by email using the mailing list of the DGfN as the scientific association for Nephrology, the “Verband Deutscher Nierenzentren (DN)” as the association of German dialysis facilities in private practice, and the “Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation (KfH)”, the largest non-profit dialysis service provider in Germany. The target population was nephrologists in dialysis facilities. 382 participants took part in the survey. Results The majority of centers were able to treat SARS-CoV-2- infected dialysis patients or had agreements with other centers to transfer these patients. Until mid-May 42% already treated SARS-CoV-2 infected dialysis Patients. Compliance with the hygiene recommendations is considered high among employees and patients. Nevertheless 18% of the facilities reported infected staff, which in 55% of the cases were presumably work-related. Changes in the area of deployment of employees who belong to the risk group pressurize personnel situation in the dialysis facilities, as well as sickness-related absences or quarantine orders by the health authorities. Perspectively a majority expects economic losses (82%), shortage of safety equipment (53%) and staff (74%), respectively. Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a significant impact on the care of patients with chronic kidney disease, but there were no obvious deficits in care. This is probably due to the high degree of cooperation among dialysis provider and comprehensive recommendations of nephrologists societies.
Epidemiology , clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors of atopic children hospitalised for adenovirus infection
Authors: Li Miao , Han xiao-hua , Liu li-yun , Yao hui-sheng , Yi li-li
Published: September 2020

Background

Atopy may be associated with the severity of disease and poor prognosis after adenovirus (Adv) infection in children. Our aim was to observe the clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in atopic children with Adv pneumonia in China.
Methods

Children hospitalised for Adv pneumonia from June 2018 to Dec 2019 were analysed. All children were divided into three groups: atopic with Adv, non-atopic with Adv, and atopic without Adv infection. Each group was further divided into mild or severe infection groups according to disease severity. Standard treatment was initiated after admission and regular follow-up evaluations were conducted at 1 month after discharge. Baseline and clinical characteristics, and pulmonary radiological changes of atopic and non-atopic children were collected. Risk factors associated with small airway diseases in Adv pneumonia patients were analyzed.
Results

Compared with non-atopic children with Adv infection, the cases of eosinophilic granulocyte count were significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P < 0.05). Among children with mild and severe infection, the number of patients with wheezing and small airway disease as observed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P < 0.05). Furthermore, coughing was more severe in atopic children than non-atopic children (P < 0.05). A family history of asthma (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.0]), personal history of asthma (OR 2.7 [95% CI 2.1–3.1]), atopy (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.2]), severe infection (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.0–2.7]), and Adv infection (OR 1.4, [95% CI 0.9–2.0]) were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease, both after admission and a month after discharge.
Conclusions

Atopic children with Adv infection experience more severe coughing during hospitalisation and are prone to wheezing and small airway disease on the HRCT. Family and personal history of asthma, atopy, severe infection, and Adv infection were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease on the chest HRCT scan.
Development and Application of Tools to Cost Delivery of Environmental Health Services in Healthcare Facilities: A Financial Analysis in Urban Malawi
Authors: Anderson Darcy , Cronk Ryan , Pak Emily , Fuente David , Tracy J. Wren , Mofolo Innocent , Hoffman Irving , Bartram Jamie
Published: September 2020

Background Environmental health services (EHS) in healthcare facilities (HCFs) are critical for providing a safe, functional healthcare environment, but little is known about their costs. Poor understanding of costs impedes progress towards universal access of EHS in HCFs. We developed frameworks of essential expenses that provide EHS and conducted an ex-post financial analysis of EHS in a network of medical research and training facilities in Lilongwe, Malawi serving an estimated 42,000 patients annually. Methods We estimated the cost of providing the following EHS: water, sanitation, hygiene, personal protective equipment use at the point of care, waste management, cleaning, laundry, and vector control. We developed frameworks of essential outputs and inputs for each EHS through review of international guidelines and standards, which we used to identify required expenses for EHS delivery and evaluate the completeness of costs data in our case study. For costing, we use a mixed-methods approach, applying qualitative interviews to understand facility context and review of electronic records to determine costs. We calculated initial costs to establish services and annual operations and maintenance.Results Available records contained little information on the upfront, capital costs associated with establishing EHS. Annual operations and maintenance totaled USD 220,427 for all EHS, although costs of essential inputs were missing from records. Annual operations and maintenance costs were highest for cleaning (USD 69,372) and waste management (USD 46,752).Discussion Missing expenses suggests that documented costs are substantial underestimates. Costs to establish services were missing predominantly because purchases pre-dated electronic records systems. Annual operations and maintenance costs are incomplete primarily because administrative records did not record sufficient detail to disaggregate and attribute expenses. Conclusions Electronic health information systems have potential to support efficient data collection. However, we found that existing records systems were decentralized and poorly suited to identify EHS costs. Our research suggests a need to better code and disaggregate EHS expenses to properly leverage records for costing. Frameworks developed in this study are a potential tool to develop more accurate estimates of the cost of providing EHS in HCFs.
Design and Psychometric Evaluation of Mothers' Perception of Postpartum Care in Comprehensive Health Centers
Authors: Vizeshfar Fatemeh , Ahmadinezhad Maryam , pakniat azadeh
Published: September 2020

Background: In order to properly evaluate postpartum services in comprehensive health centers, encouraging women to use these services and presence of a reliable and valid tool, is necessary to design and assess mothers' perceptions of postpartum care.Aim: Designed to evaluate the psychometric dimensions of Iranian version of Mothers' Perception of Postpartum Health care Questionnaire at Comprehensive Health Centers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The verbatim translation was used to translate the questionnaire from English to Persian. Face, content, and structural validity as well as reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated. Findings: The results showed that the face, content, and structure validity as well as reliability of this questionnaire to be appropriate. The calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.668. Interclass correlation coefficient was 0.688, which confirmed divergent validity.Conclusion: Mothers' Perception of Postpartum Health care Questionnaire at Comprehensive Health Centers is a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure mothers’ perceptions of these vital services.
Serum N-Terminal Telopeptide of Type I Collagen as a Biomarker for Predicting Bone Density Loss in Patients with Crohn Disease
Authors: Ishida Natsuki , Higuchi Tomohiro , Miyazu Takahiro , Tamura Satoshi , Suzuki Satoshi , Tani Shinya , Yamade Mihoko , Iwaizumi Moriya , Hamaya Yasushi , Osawa Satoshi , Furuta Takahisa , Sugimoto Ken
Published: September 2020

Background: The serum N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) is significantly higher in patients with Crohn disease (CD) than in healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. This study aimed to investigate whether an elevated serum NTx level is a risk predictor of osteoporosis in patients with CD.Methods: Based on whether the femoral Z-score decreased over a 2-year period, 41 CD patients were divided into the ΔZ-score <0 group (Z-score decreased) and the ΔZ-score ≥0 group (Z-score did not decrease). The risk predictors of a femoral Z-score decrease were examined. Furthermore, we investigated the correlations between the ΔZ-score (which represents the change in the Z-score over a 2-year period) and the mean levels of biomarkers including the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), serum albumin, C-reactive protein, and bone metabolism markers (including NTx) measured initially (i.e., in our previous study) and 2 years later (present study). The relation between anti-tumor necrosis factor α (anti-TNF-α) therapy and serum NTx levels were also examined.Results: Although there was no correlation between the mean CDAI and the ΔZ-score, the mean serum NTx and albumin levels were significantly correlated with the ΔZ-score (P<0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). Furthermore, the femoral Z-score tended to be lower in the anti-TNF-α administration group than in the non-administration group.Conclusions: These observations indicated that an elevated serum NTx could be a useful marker for predicting a decrease in the femoral bone mineral density in CD patients. Anti-TNF-α therapy maintained an elevated serum NTx level, suggesting that treatment with anti-TNF-α may help control increased bone resorption in CD patients.
Exploring the Socio-Economic Experiences of Women Post-Mastectomy in the Tamale Metropolis
Authors: Osei-Amoah Evelyn , Paarima Yennuten , Aziato Lydia
Published: September 2020

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among females. Mastectomy is the treatment of choice in most African countries due to late reporting. The majority of women diagnosed with BC experience socio-economic challenges. This study explored the factors that affect the socio-economic well-being of women post-mastectomy in Ghana. Methods: The study was conducted at the teaching hospital in the northern region of Ghana using descriptive exploratory qualitative design. A purposive sampling method was employed to recruit participants. Data was saturated with 15 participants aged between 28 and 78 years. The in-depth interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis procedures. Results: Participants isolated themselves as society frown on them after mastectomy. Some of the women loss their jobs/businesses and some did not get the needed support. The high cost of treatment placed a huge financial burden on them. Some of the participants felt rejected and loss their femininity, as their partners were not having sex with them after the operation. Conclusion: Women post mastectomy faces several challenges and family support is vital to improve their wellbeing. There is a need to educate the public against the stigmatization of women post mastectomy.
Stress and the City: Living in Rural Environment has a Protective Effect on Hospital Readmission Rates in Chronic Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Langguth Berthold , Frick Hannah , Frick Ulrich
Published: September 2020

Background:Living in urban environment represents a well-known risk factor for the development of mental disorders. Here we aimed to investigate whether urbanicity has also an effect on the trajectories of psychiatric disorders. For this purpose, we analyzed the relationship between urbanization and hospital readmission risk. Method:We analysed the impact of geospatial, demographic, clinical and socioeconomic data on hospital readmission risk in a sample of 17’145 patients observed during a 12 years period starting from 1996 and leading to 37’697 psychiatric hospitalizations by using a frailty model Results:Living in more urbanized regions was related to an increasing risk for earlier rehospitalization. The impact of urbanicity was less pronounced in patients with affective disorders and more pronounced in patients with co-morbid substance abuse disorder. Shorter distance to the hospital and change of residence increased the readmission risk. Population density, proportion of non-german citizens, local population growth tendency, and local unemployment rate were not associated with readmission risk. Conclusion:A clear impact of urban living environment on the course of mental disorders was demonstrated. In metropolitan regions of our sample it took one year till 50% of discharged patients had been readmitted to the psychiatric clinic, whereas this took 6 years in rural regions.
Desire to Limit Childbearing and Its Associated Factors Among Married Women: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Survey In Karachi, Pakistan 
Authors: Razzaq Shama , Jessani Saleem , Ali Sumera Aziz , Abbsai Zahid , Saleem Sarah
Published: September 2020

Background: Increasing population growth and uneven distribution of scarce resources is a hurdle for country’s economic growth. Hence, we aim to determine desire to limit child bearing and factors associated with limiting child bearing among currently married women aged 15 to 49 years residing in squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods:A multistage cluster, cross sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected households of urban squatter settlements of Karachi. A total of 4,485 married, non-pregnant, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and adapted Operational framework of “Pullum 1980” to determine potential factors associated with limiting family size. Outcome of interest was defined as a desire to limit childbearing among married women of reproductive age group. Multivariable regression was performed using SPSS version 13.0. Results:The median age of participants was 30 years (IQR 25-35 years) and the median number of living children was 3 (IQR 2-4). Of 4485 women, 2109 (47%) expressed desire to limit childbearing in future. Multivariable logistic regression showed that women of 18 to 27 years and 28 to 37 years (AOR 0.25, 95% CI: 0.19-0.39 and AOR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22-0.47 respectively), illiterate (AOR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.53), and low wealth quintile (AOR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25-0.57), not using any contraceptive method (AOR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.63), sons less than daughters (AOR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62-0.87), were less likely to limit childbearing. Women who practiced autonomy (AOR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.41) and perceived ideal family size as ≤ 2 children (AOR 2.62, 95% CI: 2.07-3.32) were more likely to limit childbearing.Conclusion:Age, education, low wealth quintile, having sons, autonomy and usage of contraceptives were determining factors of women’s desire for limiting childbearing. Behavior modification strategies should be devised to modify fertility intentions among women to increase contraceptive use and fertility decline.
Biological Profile of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and Its Predictive Factors According to Liver Histological Activity at the Renaissance Hospital, N’djamena, Chad
Authors: Mahamat-Saleh Tahir , Moussa Ali Mahamat , Bolti Mahamat Ali , Adjeka Doffou Stanislas , Habkreo Mayanna , Ahamat Ali Adam , Assi Constant
Published: September 2020

Background: the profile of chronic viral hepatitis B has been little studied in Chad. The factors predictive of the presence of hepatic fibrosis are not well known. The aim of the study was to determine the biological profile of chronic HBsAg carriers according to the new European classification of chronic hepatitis B.Method: This is a prospective cross-sectional study carried out in the gastroenterology outpatient department at the Renaissance Hospital in N’Djamena from January, 2018 to July, 2019. All patients with chronic HBsAg were included and documented for at least one year. Patients with hepatitis C, hepatitis D or HIV are known alcoholic patients and were excluded from the study. The biological profile was determined according to four forms; HBeAg positive chronic infection, HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis, HBeAg negative chronic infection, HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis and HBsAg negative phase. Factors associated with presence of significant liver fibrosis were founded by logistical regression.Results: The average age of the patients were 42.4 years old. The sex ratio was 1.43 in favor of men and a total number of 106 patients were included. The median of the transaminase concentrations were 24 IU/ml (AST) and 21 IU/ml (ALT). 61 patients had HBeAg negative chronic infection (59.8%) and 37 patients had HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis (36.2%). HBeAg positive chronic infection and HBeA positive chronic hepatitis were both seen in 2% of the cases. Significant liver fibrosis was independently associated with the ALT levels (Odds ratio=1.038 [1.009-1.068]; p=0.009).Conclusion: Chronic HBeAg-negative B infection is the main form found in chronic HBeAg-positive carriers. Transaminases are a predictive factor for the presence of hepatic fibrosis.
LncRNA CRNDE Acts as a ceRNA and Regulates AML Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis via miR136-5p/MCM5 Axis
Authors: Liu Chen , Zhong Liang , Shen Chenlan , Chu Xuan , Luo Xu , Yu Lihua , Ye Jiao , Xiong Ling , Dan Wenran , Li Jian , Liu Beizhong
Published: September 2020

Background: Increasing evidence demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as important factors in the regulation of cell processes and tumorigenesis. The long-noncoding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) gene has been found to be related to several types of cancer. Although CRNDE is highly expressed in AML, its mechanism of action in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unknown.Methods: The expression levels of CRNDE and miR-136-5p mRNAs were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The effects of CRNDE knockdown on cell proliferation was assessed by the CCK8 assay, while apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of proteins related to cell cycle, cell apoptosis and MCM5 were analyzed by Western blotting. The luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interaction between CRNDE and miR-136-5p and between MCM5 and miR-136-5p in AML. The RNA immunoprecipitation assay was used to verify whether CRNDE exists in the miRNA mediated RISC complex.Results: In this study, we used GEPIA database to confirm that CRNDE expression was significantly upregulated in AML samples. The silencing of CRNDE inhibited AML cells’ proliferation ability, increased AML cells’ apoptotic rate and arrested AML cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Mechanistically, CRNDE served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-136-5p and upregulated MCM5 expression by sponging miR-136-5p. In addition, rescue assays revealed that the effects of CRNDE knockdown could be reversed by miR-136-5p inhibitors in AML cells. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the CRNDE-miR-136-5p-MCM5 axis modulates AML progression and provide a new regulatory network of CRNDE in AML.