bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Change of Rankine–Hugoniot Relations during Postshock Relaxation of Anisotropic Distributions
Authors: Gedalin Michael , Golan Michal , Pogorelov Nikolai V. , Roytershteyn Vadim
Published: November 2022

Collisionless shocks channel the energy of the directed plasma flow into the heating of the plasma species and magnetic field enhancement. The kinetic processes at the shock transition cause the ion distributions just behind the shock to be nongyrotropic. Gyrotropization and subsequent isotropization occur at different spatial scales. Accordingly, for a given upstream plasma and magnetic field state, there would be different downstream states corresponding to the anisotropic and isotropic regions. Thus, at least two sets of Rankine–Hugoniot relations are needed, in general, to describe the connection of the downstream measurable parameters to the upstream ones. We establish the relation between the two sets.
Perfecting Our Set of Spectrophotometric Standard DA White Dwarfs
Authors: Calamida Annalisa , Matheson Thomas , Olszewski Edward W. , Saha Abhijit , Axelrod Tim , Shanahan Clare , Holberg Jay , Points Sean , Narayan Gautham , Malanchev Konstantin , Ridden-Harper Ryan , Gentile-Fusillo Nicola , Raddi Roberto , Bohlin Ralph , Rest Armin , Hubeny Ivan , Deustua Susana , Mackenty John , Sabbi Elena , Stubbs Christopher W.
Published: November 2022

We verified for photometric stability a set of DA white dwarfs with Hubble Space Telescope magnitudes from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared and ground-based spectroscopy by using time-spaced observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory network of telescopes. The initial list of 38 stars was whittled to 32 final ones, which comprise a high-quality set of spectrophotometric standards. These stars are homogeneously distributed around the sky and are all fainter than r ∼ 16.5 mag. Their distribution is such that at least two of them would be available to be observed from any observatory on the ground at any time at airmass less than 2. Light curves and different variability indices from the Las Cumbres Observatory data were used to determine the stability of the candidate standards. When available, Pan-STARRS1, Zwicky Transient Facility, and TESS data were also used to confirm the star classification. Our analysis showed that four DA white dwarfs may exhibit evidence of photometric variability, while a fifth is cooler than our established lower temperature limit, and a sixth star might be a binary. In some instances, due to the presence of faint nearby red sources, care should be used when observing a few of the spectrophotometric standards with ground-based telescopes. Light curves and finding charts for all the stars are provided.
Constraining the Origin of Stellar Binary Black Hole Mergers by Detections of Their Lensed Host Galaxies and Gravitational Wave Signals
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Lu Youjun , Zhao Yuetong
Published: November 2022

A significant number of stellar binary black hole (sBBH) mergers may be lensed and detected by the third generation of gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Their lensed host galaxies may be detectable, which would thus help to accurately localize these sources and provide a new approach to study the origin of sBBHs. In this paper, we investigate the detectability of lensed host galaxies for lensed sBBH mergers. We find that the detection fraction of galaxies hosting lensed GW events can be significantly different for a survey with a given limiting magnitude if sBBHs are produced by different mechanisms, such as the evolution of massive binary stars, dynamical interactions in dense star clusters, and production assisted by active galactic nuclei or massive black holes. Furthermore, we illustrate that the statistical spatial distributions of those lensed sBBHs in their hosts resulting from different sBBH formation channels can differ. Therefore, with the third generation of GW detectors and future large-scale galaxy surveys, it is possible to independently constrain the origin of sBBHs via the detection fraction of those lensed events with identifiable lensing host signatures and/or even to constrain the fractional contributions from different sBBH formation mechanisms.
Modeling Redshift-space Clustering with Abundance Matching
Authors: DeRose Joseph , Becker Matthew R. , Wechsler Risa H.
Published: November 2022

We explore the degrees of freedom required to jointly fit projected and redshift-space clustering of galaxies selected in three bins of stellar mass from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Main Galaxy Sample (SDSS MGS) using a subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) model. We employ emulators for relevant clustering statistics in order to facilitate our analysis, leading to large speed gains with minimal loss of accuracy. We are able to simultaneously fit the projected and redshift-space clustering of the two most massive galaxy samples that we consider with just two free parameters: scatter in stellar mass at fixed SHAM proxy, and the dependence of the SHAM proxy on dark matter halo concentration. We find some evidence for models that include velocity bias, but including orphan galaxies improves our fits to the lower-mass samples significantly. We also model the clustering signals of specific star formation rate (sSFR) selected samples using conditional abundance matching (CAM). We obtain acceptable fits to projected and redshift-space clustering as a function of sSFR and stellar mass using two CAM variants, although the fits are worse than for stellar-mass-selected samples alone. By incorporating nonunity correlations between the CAM proxy and sSFR, we are able to resolve previously identified discrepancies between CAM predictions and SDSS observations of the environmental dependence of quenching for isolated central galaxies.
Accelerating Spherical Harmonic Transforms for a Large Number of Sky Maps
Authors: Tian Chi , Li Siyu , Liu Hao
Published: November 2022

The spherical harmonic transform is a powerful tool in the analysis of spherical data sets, such as cosmic microwave background data. In this work, we present a new scheme for spherical harmonic transforms that supports both CPU and GPU computations, which is especially efficient on a large number of sky maps. By comparing our implementation with the standard Libsharp-HEALPix program, we demonstrate a 2–10 times speedup for the CPU implementation, and an up to 30 times speedup when a state-of-the-art GPU is employed. This new scheme’s software package is available via an open-source GitHub repository.
Multiple Stellar Populations of Globular Clusters from Homogeneous Ca–CN–CH–NH Photometry. VII. Metal-poor Populations in 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)*

†
Authors: Lee Jae-Woo
Published: November 2022

We present new large field-of-view (∼1°×1°) Ca-CN photometry of the prototypical metal-rich globular cluster 47 Tucanae (NGC 104). Our results are the following. (1) The populational number ratios of the red giant branch (RGB) and red horizontal branch (RHB) are in excellent agreement: n(CN-w):n(CN-s) = 30:70 (±1–2), where the CN-w and CN-s stand for the CN-weak and CN-strong populations, respectively. Both the CN-s RGB and RHB populations are more centrally concentrated than those of CN-w populations are. (2) Our photometric metallicities of individual RGB stars in each population can be well described by bimodal distributions with two metallicity peaks, [Fe/H] ∼−0.72 and −0.92 dex, where the metal-poor components occupy ∼13% of the total RGB stars. The metal-poor populations are more significantly centrally concentrated than the metal-rich populations, showing a similar result that we found in M3. (3) The RGB bump V magnitudes of individual populations indicate that there is no difference in the helium abundance between the two metal-poor populations, while the helium enhancement of ΔY ∼0.02–0.03 is required between the the two metal-rich populations. (4) The RHB morphology of 47 Tuc appears to support our idea of the bimodal metallicity distribution of the cluster. We suggest that 47 Tuc could be another example of merger remnants of two globular clusters, similar to M3 and M22.
Les professionnels de la critique
Authors: Fischer Nicolas
Published: November 2022

À partir d’une enquête combinant des entretiens et une série d’observations ethnographiques, cet article revient sur le travail critique effectué par les membres du Contrôleur général des lieux de privation de liberté (CGLPL), autorité indépendante créée en 2007 pour veiller au respect des droits fondamentaux des personnes enfermées dans un vaste ensemble d’institutions incluant les prisons ou les locaux de garde à vue. En étudiant cette nouvelle « bureaucratie du contrôle », cette contribution propose d’analyser quelle place y tient la critique, dès lors que celle-ci émane d’une institution pour laquelle la critique distanciée constitue littéralement un « métier », alors même que ces membres sont pour la plupart issus des institutions pénales ou répressives qu’ils sont amenés à évaluer. Pour mener cette interrogation, on se focalise ici sur la génération des 12 contrôleurs « fondateurs », recrutés au moment de la création de l’institution et dont la première tâche a consisté à définir l’approche et les méthodes de contrôle propres au CGLPL. Le premier volet de l’article retrace les trajectoires de ces contrôleurs, et met l’accent sur leur socialisation à la critique à la faveur de leur parcours institutionnel lui-même. Son second volet revient sur la négociation des critiques entre contrôleurs à l’occasion des visites d’établissement
La police du consentement
Authors: Pérona Océane
Published: November 2022

Bien qu'absente de la définition des violences sexuelles donnée par le code pénal français, la question du consentement est centrale dans les enquêtes policières pour viol. À partir d'une ethnographie de 10 mois dans un service d'investigation spécialisé dans les violences sexuelles sur adultes et de 20 entretiens avec des policiers travaillant en brigade des mineurs, cet article examine le travail policier de qualification des récits des plaignantes. Il montre que celui-ci consiste en l'écriture d'un script pénal de sexualité contrainte, qui comporte une dimension situationnelle, relationnelle et fait intervenir les positions des plaignantes dans l'espace social. L'existence ou l'absence du consentement sont appréciées par les policiers à l'aune de différentes normes, socialement situées, qui travaillent les conduites sexuelles féminines, de la relation entre les plaignantes et les mis en cause, ainsi que de l'éventuelle distance sociale qui les sépare.
Exact solutions for the insulated and perfect conductivity problems with concentric balls
Authors: Zhao Zhiwen
Published: November 2022

The insulated and perfect conductivity problems arising from high-contrast composite materials are considered in all dimensions. The solution and its gradient, respectively, represent the electric potential and field. The novelty of this paper lies in finding exact solutions for the insulated and perfect conductivity problems with concentric balls. Our results show that there appears no electric field concentration for the insulated conductivity problem, while the electric field for the perfect conductivity problem exhibits sharp singularity with respect to the small distance between interfacial boundaries of the interior and exterior balls. This discrepancy reveals that concentric balls is the optimal structure of insulated composites, but not for superconducting composites.
Territorial Fantasies, Sexual Nuances, and Savage Energy: Orientalism and Tropicality in Eugène Delacroix and Johann Moritz Rugendas
Authors: Gaete Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2022

In 1822, the German Romantic painter Johann Moritz Rugendas undertook his famed three-year journey across Brazil. Later, between 1831 and 1846, encouraged by Alexander von Humboldt and other Romantic artists, he would make a second trip through Mexico and South America. In 1832, Eugène Delacroix started a six-month journey to Spain and North Africa as a part of a diplomatic mission. Both artists profusely translated their travels into words and rich images of tropical America and the Orient. Their paintings and illustrations of remote lands and people became milestones in their respective careers while being prime examples of how Europe viewed and perceived the rest of the world in the nineteenth century. In hindsight, they were not only mere agents and promoters of two crucial aesthetic trends of that time: Orientalism and Tropicality but the embodiment of two ways of seeing and imagining the Others. This article places these two artists against each other, contrasting the set of ideas and cultural preconceptions resting behind a sizeable number of paintings, drawings, and illustrations of their Eastern and South American experiences. The central argument is that Tropicality and Orientalism were comparable phenomena based on similar tropes and assumptions. It brings forward recurring themes of Rugendas and Delacroix’s works, such as the eroticisation of female bodies and the linkage between South America and the East with everlasting ideas of violence, adventures, and savageness to prove such an equivalence.
Anticomunism, the Early American Conservative Movement and the Liberal Consensus (1955-1964)
Authors: Sarias Rodríguez David
Published: November 2022

This article re-examines the role that anticommunism played during the emergence of the early American conservative movement. Through a detailed re-assessment of published and archival material it challenges the two main assumptions consistently reproduced by the literature, and according to which evangelical anticommunist played a doubly crucial role. According to the established view, anticommunism set apart conservative intellectuals and activists from their liberal counterparts and, secondly, acted as the element holding together different ideological strands within the conservative community. These pages demonstrate that anticommunism itself was, in fact, never as dividing an issue as both conservatives and liberal activists claimed. Instead, relatively marginal differences of opinion about the Cold War were blown out of all proportion and employed by both conservatives and progressives as a tool in the midst of intensely sectarian partisan struggles. Similarly, anticommunism was never an element of consensus within a wider conservative community that at this point included traditionalist intellectuals, libertarians and adherents to the populist radical right. In fact, anticommunism often acted as an element furthering already existing ideological tensions.
The image of Spain as a tourist destination through audiovisual productions. The case of Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara (Zoya Akthar, 2011)
Authors: Ramón Gabriel María
Published: November 2022

This article studies the tourist image of Spain projected by the Bollywood film Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara, directed by Zoya Akhtar. Released in 2011, the film is a paradigmatic example of tourism promotion of the Spanish territory by foreign audiovisual media, that identifies the country as a destination with a wide tourist offer characterized by important cultural, landscape, artistic, and gastronomic attractions. The text is divided into two sections. In the first, the tourist implications of audiovisual productions are analysed in general terms and, more specifically, the economic impact and marketing activities, as well as the shaping of geographical imaginaries, derived from film screenings. Later, this conceptual framework is applied to the specific case of Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara, explaining the possible correlation between its premiere and the increase in Indian visitors to Spain within the framework of the I need Spain campaign (2010-2016). Next, the film is studied as a road movie that promotes experiential tourism and generates specific geo-touristic imaginaries through landscape beauty, neo-romantic exoticism, and gender stereotypes.
Les minorités raciales, la justice et la peine de mort dans les séries télévisées américaines de networks, 1950-1977
Authors: Richard Julie
Published: November 2022

Un corpus de 139 épisodes de séries télévisées américaines (diffusés pour la première fois entre 1950 et 1977), présentant le sujet de la peine de mort, et de l’exécution légale plus particulièrement, a été analysé pour décrire les conventions narratives et de mises en scène concernant les minorités raciales et leurs relations au crime et au système judiciaire. Cet échantillon est éclairé par sa confrontation avec le contexte historique, mais aussi un ensemble d’archives sur le développement de certains épisodes (scénarii et interviews de scénaristes et de producteurs actifs à la période étudiée). Dans un contexte de bouleversements majeurs aux États-Unis, ce sujet prête à polémique et peut repousser les spectateurs et les annonceurs. En effet, les tensions raciales sont rarement mises en scène à l’écran, de même que les violences interraciales. Dans la fiction, les minorités raciales apparaissent protégées de la discrimination par un système judiciaire insensible à la couleur de peau, ou condamnant le racisme le cas échéant. Cette forme de discrimination positive apparaît aussi dans la mise en scène des rares exécutions de condamnés non blancs (utilisation du hors champ, absence d’humiliation du condamné). Par ailleurs, les figurants de couleur apparaissent de plus en plus, en tant qu’acteurs du système judiciaire. Les archives nous renseignent sur les réticences des chaînes et des annonceurs à traiter ce thème, et sur les stratégies de « contournement » employées, qui permettent plusieurs interprétations des épisodes : choix du cadre historique et/ou géographique et de la minorité opprimée, représentation « équilibrée » des points de vue. Les épisodes diffusés peuvent par conséquent satisfaire un public aux opinions variées et contradictoires.
The X-Files : aux frontières du fantastique
Authors: Achemchame Julien
Published: November 2022

Cet article se propose d’analyser la série X-Files (Fox, 1993-2002 / 2016-2018), série feuilletonnante majeure des années 1990, généralement associée au genre de la science-fiction, à partir de la notion de fantastique. En nous appuyant sur quelques éléments de définitions canoniques de ce genre, notamment en littérature (R. Caillois, T. Todorov, D. Mellier), nous voulons mettre en lumière le système narratif et esthétique original que met en place la série, notamment à travers l’analyse du pilote. Il s’agit dès lors de voir comment le récit, s’ancrant dans le registre réaliste, et alternant les points de vue des deux protagonistes, Mulder, le profiler, croyant au « surnaturel », et Scully, « la scientifique », tenante d’une pensée rationnelle, permet l’apparition du genre fantastique et laisse les téléspectateur.trice.s face à l’indécidable d’un monde vacillant où règne le questionnement permanent. Nous souhaitons également montrer comment l’image, à travers ses paramètres audiovisuels, que ce soient par le cadrage, le montage, l’utilisation de la profondeur de champ, mais également par une ambiguïté de certains signes au sein des images, développe une friction entre volonté d’un cadre réaliste nécessaire et trouble surnaturel venant y faire « effraction » afin de proposer au public une lecture fondamentalement ambiguë du monde fictionnel de nature proprement fantastique et questionnant le réel même. Enfin, nous souhaitons voir comment ce mo(n)de fantastique, grâce à son indécidabilité caractéristique et son hybridité générique, devient l’articulation nécessaire à la série, alternant épisodes isolés et épisodes liés à la mythologie extra-terrestre, et permet, grâce à l’hésitation et aux récits souvent incomplets, la relance permanente d’un désir de fictions du public.
La mort de Mark Greene en saison 8 d’Urgences (ER, NBC, 1994-2009) : fin d’une ère et préfiguration de LOST
Authors: Hatchuel Sarah
Published: November 2022

Les épisodes 20 et 21 de la saison 8 d’Urgences, diffusés en 2002, mettent en scène la mort du médecin Mark Greene (interprété par Anthony Edwards). Cette mort est d’abord annoncée dans l’épisode 20 à travers une lettre lue à l’hôpital par le Docteur John Carter (Noah Wyle), puis donnée à voir dans l’épisode 21, en flashback sur l’île d’Hawaï. Cet article entend démontrer que la disparition de ce personnage-clé non seulement signe la vraie fin de cette série-phare des années 1990, mais marque aussi le début d’une nouvelle ère télévisuelle avec l’arrivée de LOST sur ABC en 2004.
University Students' National Identity and Its Role in Dealing With the Coronavirus Pandemic in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alajlan Sarah M.
Published: November 2022

This study aims to identify the national identity for Taif University's students, and that identity's role in facing the Coronavirus pandemic. A survey consisting of two measures was used. The first scale was the students' possession of national identity, and the second measure was the students' role in facing the Coronavirus. The results indicated that the Taif University students' national identity and their role in facing the Coronavirus was high. The results also showed that there were no significant differences due to the effect of gender for both scales. There were significant differences due academic level favored students (from the fifth-eighth level). Among the study's most important recommendations were the necessity of the students' awareness about the importance of attending educational sessions, national events, and volunteer participation as well as clarifying the implications of that participation for individuals and society so that students could see how valuable the activities were.
Statistical Analysis of Online Voting System Through Blockchain and ML Techniques
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Arora Priyanshu , Dhamija Luv , Srivastava Rajat
Published: November 2022

A digital voting system is a process that allows people to vote while sitting at their homes and is based on their face recognition identification. The votes will be counted and saved in a blockchain-based structure which is secure and immutable, thus giving availability with security in a system. The traditional voting system does not allow people to vote sitting at their home. Considering the situation of covid, everything is going digital. Questions on EVM from losing parties regarding some malfunctioning.
Consumer Purchase Intention for Food Products in Facebook E-Commerce Platforms During COVID-19 Lockdowns
Authors: Arceño Rose , Tuang-Tuang Jason G. , Asoque Romil , Olorvida Rey Cesar , Egloso Neil , Ramones Edwin , Bande Rey Ann , Encenzo Ruby Mary , Aclao Janeth , Mejos Romel , Turalba Jessa , Lacaba Ronald , Maturan Fatima , Evangelista Samantha Shane , Aro Joerabell Lourdes , Ocampo Lanndon
Published: November 2022

This work employs the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) analysis in elucidating the holistic relationships among the factors that affect the intention of consumers to purchase products via e-commerce. In demonstrating the DEMATEL, a case study evaluating 13 factors of consumer purchase intention of food products via Facebook e-commerce platforms, derived from a focus group discussion, was carried out in this work. The context of the analysis is positioned during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, where strict physical distancing measures were implemented. The findings of this work suggest that reliability, food product quality and safety, and convenience are the key factors influencing consumer purchase intention, with reliability as the most prominent. These results offer practical insights that would aid decision-makers in food enterprises in allocating resources and designing initiatives to attract consumers to purchase food products through e-commerce platforms. Some managerial takeaways are outlined in this work.
Living Educational Theory as a Model of Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Branch John D.
Published: November 2022

Living educational theory is a paradigm for scientific research in the academic discipline of education in which a teacher theorises her/his own professional practice. Using a kind of action research, she/he reflects on her/his educational values, and on the practice-solutions which were developed therefrom. The outcome is a ‘living educational theory' which describes and explains her/his professional practice, with educational values as its elementary unit. The teacher substantiates this living educational theory by demonstrating how the educational values are embodied in her/his professional practice. As such, living education theory could be considered a model of continuing professional development. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to review living educational theory. It begins by tracing the origins of living educational theory. It then describes the characteristics of living educational theory. Finally, it discusses the criticisms of living educational theory.
Query Relaxation and Result Ranking for Uncertain Spatiotemporal XML Data
Authors: Bai Luyi , Wang Jinyao , Zhang Chengyu , Meng Xiangfu
Published: November 2022

Due to the widespread uses of uncertain spatiotemporal data, web ordinary users have access to query these data in various ways. However, users often cannot accurately give query constraints so that the query results may be empty or very few. Traditional algorithms cannot be used to deal with uncertain spatiotemporal data because they have no relaxation query on spatiotemporal attributes. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose new flexible query algorithms, which add relaxation query processing for spatiotemporal attributes. Considering that XML has great advantages in exchanging and representing spatiotemporal data, they propose an uncertain spatiotemporal data model based on XML. According to the different number of relaxing attributes, they give SingleRelaxation algorithm and MultipleRelaxation algorithm. In addition, a T-List structure is designed to quickly locate the nodes' positions of uncertain spatiotemporal data, and RSort algorithm is proposed to sort accurate query results and extended query results. The experimental results show the superiority of the approach.
Editorial
Authors: Kumara P. A. P. Samantha
Published: November 2022

No abstract available
Hyperviscosity syndrome revisited
Authors: Gangopadhyay Debasree , Roy Mahua , Laha Somrita , Nandi Debabrata , Sengupta Rhitajyoti , Chattopadhyay Amitabha
Published: November 2022

Secondary erythrocytosis occurs in cyanotic heart disease as a physiological response to chronic hypoxia, and this leads to hyperviscosity and various complications of the same. Microvascular stasis due to hyperviscosity results in symptoms including headache, fatigue, paraesthesia, and loss of vision. An important and dreadful feature of hyperviscosity is overt thrombosis in organ systems, resulting in cerebrovascular accident and myocardial infarction. Limited body iron store in a state of secondary erythrocytosis brings forth iron-deficient microcytic red cells; these being more rigid and less deformable than normocytic cells, further aggravate vascular occlusion. The management of hyperviscosity syndrome starts with intravenous hydration and correction of latent iron deficiency. However, therapeutic phlebotomy may be employed as a rescue measure if symptoms persist despite correction of dehydration and anemia. We present a series of four patients with uncorrected cyanotic congenital heart disease who presented with a spectrum of features of hyperviscosity and discuss pathophysiology, clinical features, and management of hyperviscosity in detail.
Characterization of Genus Proteus Isolated from Various Clinical Specimens and Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Production
Authors: Anju M. , Kuruvilla Thomas S.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Among Gram-negative bacteria, the presence of beta-lactamases is a defined modality of resistance to antibiotics of the beta-lactam group. Proteus species also has been showing various degrees of resistance to these groups of antibiotics and thereby appearing multidrug resistant. The aim of our study was to know the occurrence of Proteus species from different clinical samples their antibiotic susceptibility, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, and the associated patient risk factors.

Materials and Methods:

This observational descriptive study was done from December 2020 to December 2021. All Proteus isolates obtained from various clinical samples, were biochemically identified, antibiogram, and screening for ESBL production was done using a combination of cefotaxime and cefotaxime clavulanic acid antibiotic discs.

Results:

Seventy-nine Proteus isolates were obtained from hospitalized patients. In that, Proteus mirabilis was the most common isolate followed by Proteus vulgaris. Proteus infections were common in the age groups of 41–60 years and males were affected more than females. Out of the 79 Proteus isolates 12 were ESBL producers. Among these, 25% of ESBL producers were P. mirabilis and 75% of them were P. vulgaris.

Conclusion:

The most common isolate was P. mirabilis among hospitalized patients and P. vulgaris was the main ESBL producers when compared to P. mirabilis. These pathogens mainly caused wound and urinary tract infections. The patient age groups ranged mainly from 49–60 years. Diabetes mellitus was the most significant risk factor in these Proteus infections.
Impact of cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) introduction on the detection of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Authors: Bal Himadri Bhusan , Kar Sarita , Otta Sarita , Kumar Sujeet , Samal Suryakanta , Pattnaik Archana , Rout Sunil Swick , Turuk Jyotirmayee , Das Dasarathi , Pati Sanghamitra , Giri Sidhartha
Published: November 2022

Background:

Compared to conventional microscopy, the cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF, Cepheid, USA) has the dual advantage of higher sensitivity to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the ability to detect rifampicin resistance.

Aim:

To evaluate the impact of the CBNAAT on the detection of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from private and public healthcare facilities in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Materials and Methods:

The study included specimens received between June 2015 to February 2017 from public and private health sectors for tuberculosis diagnosis at a national reference laboratory for tuberculosis in Bhubaneswar, where the CBNAAT was initiated in February 2016. We retrospectively collected the patients’ socio-demographic characteristics from their test request form, CBNAAT results from the CBNAAT register and PMDT culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) register and validated the data by comparing the patient details and test results from the CBNAAT software.

Results:

From June 2015 to January 2016, 106 samples were received from Bhubaneswar at the reference laboratory, of which there were zero referrals from the private sector and zero referrals of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) samples. After initiation of the CBNAAT, from February 2016 to February 2017, 1262 specimens were received, of which 55.2% (696/1262), 17.8% (225/1262), 17.2% (217/1262), and 9.8% (124/1262) were from government hospitals and medical colleges, private hospitals, private practitioners, and district TB centers, respectively.

Conclusion:

The availability of TB diagnostics at public sector facilities to patients from private sectors and the rollout of the CBNAAT increased the referral of patients from private health facilities and the referral of paucibacillary non-sputum samples.
Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: Reddy Harshitha K. , Raju Belliappa P. , Methre Vishal , Samagani Akshay
Published: November 2022

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative neoplasm that affects skin and other organs. It is one of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining conditions, which tends to occur at low CD4 count. It is the most common neoplasm among patients with AIDS in the Western population. It is rarely reported from India. We report the case of a 38-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-positive heterosexual male, with an unusual presentation of KS.
Disseminated histoplasmosis as a presenting manifestation in an HIV patient – A case report from South India
Authors: Kiruba Devi G. Anu , Rajamohanan Remya Raj , Sakkaravarthi Vinupriya , Toi Pampa Ch , Munisamy Malathi
Published: November 2022

Histoplasmosis has heterogenous clinical presentation ranging from mild and self-limiting respiratory disease to disseminated forms with high mortality. In progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH), patient presents with fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, adrenal enlargement, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and non-specific mucocutaneous lesions, usually in late stage of HIV. Cutaneous involvement is upto 25% in PDH which are papules, plaques, nodules and ulcers. Forty-two year old male, recently diagnosed as HIV positive presented with complaints of multiple painful ulcerated lesions over face, neck, tongue, arms, trunk & genitalia. Skin Biopsy was suggestive of histoplasmosis. Patient showed excellent response with amphotericin B and itraconazole. Since histoplasmosis is relatively uncommon, there should be a high-index of suspicion when an HIV patient presents with disseminated skin lesions.
Serum galactomannan in histoplasmosis in HIV
Authors: Baidya Ankita , Sachdeva Charu Goel , Bhatia Priyanka , Pruthi Ankur , Joshi Sangeeta
Published: November 2022

Histoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection (OI) in HIV infected patients. The Diagnosis is challenging due to lack of testing facilities. Hereby we report a young male who presented with fever & rash, was diagnosed with HIV and disseminated histoplasmosis. The timely management with antifungals was started after the of positive serum galactomannan report in the background of appropriate clinical setting.
Totally extraperitoneal versus transabdominal preperitoneal approach
Authors: Aslam Mohammad , Alam Junaid , Singh Manisha , Kujur Maikal
Published: November 2022

Background:

Groin hernia surgery is one of the most common procedures performed by surgeons worldwide. With the advent of minimal access surgery, the procedure for repair is now done either by transabdominal preperitoneal approach Transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) or totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach. The advantage of one procedure over the other is still controversial.

Objectives:

This prospective study was conducted to find out the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of TEP and TAPP for inguinal hernia repair in terms of operative time, intraoperative complications, conversion to open, visual analog scale (VAS) score, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and recurrence of hernia and chronic pain.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 88 patients of inguinal hernia enrolled prospectively between November 2017 and November 2019 and patients aged 18 years and above admitted in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital were included in this study. Forty-four patients were included in TEP group, while 44 patients were allocated to TAPP group.

Results:

The statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and unpaired t-test, respectively. The mean operative time in TEP was 91.14 ± 11.14 min and in TAPP repair was 103.16 ± 6.79 min, which was found to be significantly significant. The mean pain score on VAS score on postoperative day 1 was 5.70 ± 0.95 in laparoscopic TEP group and 5.86 ± 0.97 in laparoscopic TAPP group. The mean pain score on VAS score on postoperative day 2 was 3 ± 1.27 in laparoscopic TEP group and 2.95 ± 1.29 in laparoscopic TAPP group. Similarly, the mean pain score on VAS scale on postoperative day 7 was 0.863 ± 1.26 in laparoscopic TEP group and 0.659 ± 1.21 in laparoscopic TAPP group. No significant difference was observed in VAS between TEP and TAPP groups during follow-up. Both TEP and TAPP mesh techniques were comparable in terms of the intraoperative complications and postoperative complications (seroma [during hospital stay, after 1 week of discharge, after 1 month of follow-up]; hematoma [during hospital stay, after 1 week of discharge]; wound infection) and in conversion to open and length of hospital stay. The difference in mean cost of surgery was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Although the mean operative time and cost of surgery were significantly more in TAPP than in TEP group, no significant difference could be found between the intraoperative and postoperative complication rates, conversion to open, and length of hospital stay. Recurrence was observed in one case of TEP groups during follow-up. Our study supports the view that both laparoscopic TEP and TAPP mesh repairs of inguinal hernia are safe and efficacious.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in a healthy liver; Case report and literature review
Authors: Almasaad Ghaida A. , Alkarbi Mohammed A. , Hussein Weam S. , Al-Alem Faisal , Madkhali Ahmad M. , Bazuhair Abdulaziz A. , Hassanain Mazen M.
Published: November 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer worldwide with high mortality rate, and it most commonly develops in the presence of cirrhosis and chronic liver diseases, most commonly in hepatitis. In some cases, however, it may present in noncirrhotic liver or healthy liver without any chronic disease. Our case is a 60-year-old male with primary HCC with no liver disease and negative hepatitis serology. Presented with multiple liver masses in four different segments. Managed with embolization and staged liver resection.
Amnezja zaprojektowana. Albański kompleks etnogenetyczny we współczesnej ocenie macedońskiego środowiska intelektualnego
Authors: Miodyński Lech
Published: November 2022

W niepodległym państwie macedońskim niewielu słowiańskich autorów próbowało kompleksowo określić swój stosunek do etnokulturowych tradycji i mitologii historycznej Albańczyków. Wyraźniej zakwestionowano spójność składników ich kultury po roku 2001, gdy w atmosferze napięć etnicznych zaczęto opisywać albański kompleks etnogenetyczny w kategoriach falsyfikacji i kamuflażu elementów obcych. Przykłady pokazują, że kwestie autochtoniczności, języka czy oryginalności programu narodowego pojawiają się w tym kontekście jako dowody nienaturalnego wykreowania jednolitej tożsamości sąsiedniej wspólnoty.

Prescribed Amnesia. Albanian Ethnogenetic Complex in the Contemporary Opinion of Macedonian Intellectual Environment

In the independent Macedonian state few Slavic authors tried to determine comprehensively their attitude towards ethnocultural traditions and historical mythology of Albanians. The coherence of the components of their culture after 2001 was more directly questioned, when in an atmosphere of ethnic tensions the Albanian ethnogenetic complex began to be described in terms of falsification and camouflage of foreign elements. The examples show that the issues of indigenousness, language or the originality of the national program appear in this context as the evidence of the unnatural creation of the homogeneous identity in a neighboring community.
ANALISIS KINERJA APARATUR DESA DALAM MEMBERIKAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Wicaksono Eko , Ilyas Samsul Maulana
Published: November 2022

The quantity and quality of work done by employees requires a concern and compassion from the employees concerned in order to develop skills and expertise in supporting the success of a particular organization or agency. There is a synergistic performance improvement effort that each employee is required to optimize all the talent that can be found in employees in an effort to develop the capacity in serving the community, both individually and the team of all elements of work must be implemented proportionally so that what is desired can be realized at the cost and time available. This study uses descriptive research with qualitative analysis which focuses on efforts to explain the description (picture) related to the administrative skills of village officials in public services in Karanggeger Village with a view to knowing the performance of karanggeger village apparatus in providing public services. The results of this study show that the technical capabilities of karanggeger village administrative apparatus have not been able to be relatively good. This is because the majority of village officials in Karanggeger Village only pursue the most high school education, not least the head of his own. Village officials in the ability to be humane are not cut down, all get the same treatment and tend to attach importance to the needs of the community everything is done appropriately regardless of social status. In the implementation of administrative duties the ability of karanggeger village apparatus is quite low. It can be proven in the field, there are still complaints from people who perform services in Karanggeger Village
A Synthetic Chinese Renminbi: Uncovering the Anchor Currencies
Authors: Kunkler Michael
Published: November 2022

We investigate the de facto exchange rate arrangements of the Chinese renminbi. A recently enhanced methodology is used to estimate a synthetic Chinese renminbi to uncover any anchor currencies. We find two anchor currencies, namely the US dollar and the Singapore dollar. However, the average R-squared is only 43.6%. Thus, the Chinese renminbi is less anchored to the US dollar. This implies that future research can classify the Chinese renminbi as a potential anchor currency.
Analysis of intestinal flora and environmental microbial diversity of Takifugu rubripes
Authors: Ma Mingxing , Ye Xuying , Zhang Sai , Wang Xiuli , Qiu Xuemei
Published: November 2022

Takifugu rubripes (T. rubripes) is marine fish rich in protein and essential amino acids. With the continuous development of T. rubripes farming, intensive aquaculture has increased the infection rate with fish diseases. To explore the relationship between environmental microbial communities and gut microbiota, we sequenced the 16s rRNA gene V3–V4 region of the microorganisms in the aquaculture water and gut flora of T. rubripes. The results indicated 934 operational taxonomic units for T. rubripes gut contents and aquaculture samples. A total of 31 phyla and 498 genera were identified. At the phylum level, except for the phylum Proteobacteria, the dominant phyla in intestinal contents were Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Fusobacteria. However, the dominant phyla in water were Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Patescibacteria. At the genus level, intestinal contents included Photobacterium, Arcobacter, Vibrio, and Ruminococcaceae. The water samples mainly included Clade_Ia, Rhodobacteraceae, Eutreptiella pomquetensis, Lentibacter, Clade_III, and PeM15. Principal component analysis showed that the microbial compositions of samples from the same source were similar. There were significant differences between the intestinal flora and water microorganisms. Therefore, the research results showed the differences between the microbial communities in the intestinal tract and aquaculture water of T. rubripes and the characteristics of the main pathogenic bacteria; this could help guide the environmental regulation and disease prevention of T. rubripes aquaculture.
Treatment Challenges and Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Stenotrophomonas maltophilia an Emerging Pathogen Isolated from Leafy Greens and Clinical Samples
Authors:   Howard University, Department of Biology, 415 College St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20059., Yigrem, PhD Cherinet
Published: November 2022

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a commensal and an emerging pathogen earlier noted in broad-spectrum life-threatening infections among the vulnerable, but more recently as a pathogen in immunocompetent individuals. In the current study, S. maltophilia was identified from 78% of vegetable samples. Bacterial population count ranged from 5.50 × 10-1to 4.3 × 10-4 cfu/g (mean 8.9 × 105 cfu/g, median 7.75 × 103 cfu/g). Based on a cross-sectional study performed during 2015-2016 n=35 and 2016-2017 n=55 S. maltophilia was isolated from clinical samples. The occurrence of S. maltophilia from clinical samples increased during 2016-2017 with a significant value of P=.0008. Out of the total of n=90 S. maltophilia, clinical isolates (35.28%) were from tracheal aspirates, followed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (17.70%), sputum (15.20%), blood (16.82%), and urine (15.0%). Sample sources were taken from different age groups of patients between 0-75 years. Almost all the isolates > 97% confirmed multiple drug resistance (MDR). Above 95% of the isolates are biofilm formers and the resistance rate increases among the biofilm formers.
The Use of Free Fibular Flap with De-epithelization Technique for Reconstruction of Oral and Mandibular Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Elderly: A Case Report
Authors:   Intern of Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Gatot Soebroto Indonesia Army Central Hospital., Widhani Risandy Ditia
Published: November 2022

Background: The number of elderly patients with malignant head and neck tumors has been rising, resulting in an increase in the number of elderly patients requiring complex reconstructive surgery. The mandible is an important part of the human face, so in cases of mandibular reconstruction, the surgeon has a major responsibility to maximize function as well as cosmetics. The free fibular flap has been commonly used for mandibular reconstruction with its own indications, advantages and disadvantages. Methods: A 68-years-old Man with chief complaint a not healing lesion on the mandible. The patient was diagnosed with oral and mandibular squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent total jaw resections and after that a free fibular flap was used immediately for mandibular reconstruction. Result: On post-operative days 3- 6 free fibular flaps demonstrate colour and fine aesthetic appearance. There were no major post-operative complications. There no signs of infection, vascular crisis and haematoma were observed. Conclusion: The free fibular flap and de-epithelization technique are a safe and dependable options for comprehensive functional and aesthetic mandibular defect in elderly. Keywords: Free fibular flap, De-epithelization, Mandibular squamous cell carcinoma.
Development of Sustainable Tourism Based on Local Community Participation
Authors:   Faculty of Economic and Business, Udayana University, Indonesia, Ayu Rustini Ni Komang , Sri Budhi Made Kembar ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, Udayana University, Indonesia, Wiwin Setyari Ni Putu ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, Udayana University, Indonesia, Setiawina Nyoman Djinar ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, Udayana University, Indonesia
Published: November 2022

Sustainable tourism development is the main focus of tourism development right now. The idea of sustainability in tourism is a way to deal with the bad things that will happen as tourism grows. This article talks about how local communities can be involved in making tourism more sustainable. The method is a review of the literature, which is based on research results that have already been published on relevant topics. Based on the results of the literature review, community participation in sustainable tourism development can take the form of brainstorming participation, physical energy participation, participation skills and proficiency, and property participation. In order to make sure that local community participation works, sustainable tourism development can involve the community from the planning, overseeing, and putting plans into action stages on.