bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can wave coupling improve operational regional ocean forecasts for the North-West European Shelf?
Authors: Lewis Huw W. , Castillo Sanchez Juan Manuel , Siddorn John , King Robert R. , Tonani Marina , Saulter Andrew , Sykes Peter , Pequignet Anne-Christine , Weedon Graham P. , Palmer Tamzin , Staneva Joanna , Bricheno Lucy
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Operational ocean forecasts are typically produced by modelling systems run using a forced mode approach. The evolution of the ocean state is not directly influenced by surface waves, and the ocean dynamics are driven by an external source of meteorological data which is independent of the ocean state. Model coupling provides one approach to increase the extent to which ocean forecast systems can represent the interactions and feedbacks between ocean, waves and the atmosphere seen in nature. This paper demonstrates the impact of improving how the effect of waves on the momentum exchange across the ocean-atmosphere interface is represented through ocean-wave coupling on the performance of an operational regional ocean prediction system. This study focuses on the eddy-resolving (1.5 km resolution) Atlantic Margin Model (AMM15) ocean model configuration for the North-West European Shelf (NWS) region. A series of two-year duration forecast trials of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) North-West Shelf regional ocean prediction system are analysed. The impact of including ocean-wave feedbacks via dynamic coupling on the simulated ocean is discussed. The main interactions included are the modification of surface stress by wave growth and dissipation, Stokes–Coriolis forcing and wave height dependent ocean surface roughness. Given the relevance to operational forecasting, trials with and without ocean data assimilation are considered. Summary forecast metrics demonstrate that the ocean-wave coupled system is a viable evolution for future operational implementation. When results are considered in more depth, wave coupling was found to result in an annual cycle of relatively warmer winter and cooler summer sea surface temperatures for seasonally stratified regions of the NWS. This is driven by enhanced mixing due to waves, and a deepening of the ocean mixed layer during summer. The impact of wave coupling is shown to be reduced within the mixed layer with assimilation of ocean observations. Evaluation of salinity and ocean currents against profile measurements in the German Bight demonstrates improved simulation with wave coupling relative to control simulations. Further, evidence is provided of improvement to simulation of extremes of sea surface height anomalies relative to coastal tide gauges.
The effect of rock composition on muon tomography measurements
Authors: Lechmann Alessandro , Mair David , Ariga Akitaka , Ariga Tomoko , Ereditato Antonio , Nishiyama Ryuichi , Pistillo Ciro , Scampoli Paola , Schlunegger Fritz , Vladymyrov Mykhailo
Published: December 2018

Abstract. In recent years, the use of radiographic inspection with cosmic-ray muons has spread into multiple research and industrial fields. This technique is based on the high-penetration power of cosmogenic muons. Specifically, it allows the resolution of internal density structures of large-scale geological objects through precise measurements of the muon absorption rate. So far, in many previous works, this muon absorption rate has been considered to depend solely on the density of traversed material (under the assumption of a standard rock) but the variation in chemical composition has not been taken seriously into account. However, from our experience with muon tomography in Alpine environments, we find that this assumption causes a substantial bias in the muon flux calculation, particularly where the target consists of high {Z2∕A} rocks (like basalts and limestones) and where the material thickness exceeds 300 m. In this paper, we derive an energy loss equation for different minerals and we additionally derive a related equation for mineral assemblages that can be used for any rock type on which mineralogical data are available. Thus, for muon tomography experiments in which high {Z2∕A} rock thicknesses can be expected, it is advisable to plan an accompanying geological field campaign to determine a realistic rock model.
Estimation of sea ice parameters from sea ice model with assimilated ice concentration and SST
Authors: Prasad Siva , Zakharov Igor , McGuire Peter , Power Desmond , Richard Martin
Published: December 2018

Abstract. A multi-category numerical sea ice model CICE was used along with data
assimilation to derive sea ice parameters in the region of Baffin Bay and
Labrador Sea. The assimilation of ice concentration was performed using the
data derived from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E and
AMSR2). The model uses a mixed-layer slab ocean parameterization to compute
the sea surface temperature (SST) and thereby to compute the freezing and
melting potential of ice. The data from Advanced Very High Resolution
Radiometer (AVHRR-only optimum interpolation analysis) were used to
assimilate SST. The modelled ice parameters including concentration, ice
thickness, freeboard and keel depth were compared with parameters estimated
from remote-sensing data. The ice thickness estimated from the model was
compared with the measurements derived from Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity –
Microwave Imaging Radiometer using Aperture Synthesis (SMOS–MIRAS). The
model freeboard estimates were compared with the freeboard measurements
derived from CryoSat2. The ice concentration, thickness and freeboard
estimates from the model assimilated with both ice concentration and SST were
found to be within the uncertainty in the observation except during March.
The model-estimated draft was compared with the measurements from an
upward-looking sonar (ULS) deployed in the Labrador Sea (near Makkovik Bank).
The difference between modelled draft and ULS measurements estimated from the
model was found to be within 10 cm. The keel depth measurements from the ULS
instruments were compared to the estimates from the model to retrieve a
relationship between the ridge height and keel depth.
Mountain permafrost degradation documented through a network of permanent electrical resistivity tomography sites
Authors: Mollaret Coline , Hilbich Christin , Pellet Cécile , Flores-Orozco Adrian , Delaloye Reynald , Hauck Christian
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Mountain permafrost is sensitive to climate change and is expected to gradually degrade in response to the ongoing atmospheric warming trend. Long-term monitoring the permafrost thermal state is a key task, but it is problematic where temperatures are close to 0 °C. The energy exchange is indeed often dominantly related to latent heat effects associated with phase change (ice/water), rather than ground warming or cooling. Consequently, it is difficult to detect significant spatio-temporal variations of ground properties (e.g. ice-water ratio) that occur during the freezing/thawing process with point scale temperature monitoring alone. Hence, electrical methods have become popular in permafrost investigations as the resistivities of ice and water differ by several orders of magnitude, theoretically allowing a clear distinction between frozen and unfrozen ground. In this study we present an assessment of mountain permafrost evolution using long-term electrical resistivity tomography monitoring (ERTM) from a network of permanent sites in the Central Alps. The time series consist of more than 1000 data sets from six sites, where resistivities have been measured on a regular basis for up to twenty years. We identify systematic sources of error and apply automatic filtering procedures during data processing. In order to constrain the interpretation of the results, we analyse inversion results and long-term resistivity changes in comparison with existing borehole temperature time series. Our results show that the resistivity data set provides the most valuable insights at the melting point. A prominent permafrost degradation trend is evident for the longest time series (19 years), but also detectable for shorter time series (about a decade) at most sites. In spite of the wide range of morphological, climatological and geological differences between the sites, the observed inter-annual resistivity changes and long-term tendencies are similar for all sites of the network.
Presentation of Nuri Bilge Ceylan and his Cinema in the Turkish Media
Authors: Parlak Zafer , Işık Mehmet
Published: December 2018

Nuri Bilge Ceylan is the most famous Turkish film director with numerous international prizes. However, Ceylan’s presentation by the Turkish media is far from emphasizing his success, talent, creativity, style, technique, and cinematography. He often falls victim to undeserved and superficial criticism of “would be” critics who openly confess they did not watch Ceylan’s movies. He is sometimes portrayed as a political figure and critic of the present day Turkish politics and system. This article focuses on how two mainstream Turkish newspapers, columnists and microbloggers portrayed and reacted to Ceylan and his cinema after his film Winter Sleep won the top prize (the Golden Palm) at Cannes Film Festival in 2014 and the reasons behind this portrayal.
What’s in the Backdrop: Representation of Landscape in Bollywood Cinema
Authors: Mishra Naveen
Published: December 2018

Representation of landscape images is a ubiquitous feature of Bollywood films that provides cinematicscape to the storyline and aims to appeal to the sentiments and emotions of the audience by engaging with the narrative. Landscape images engage in the process of making and unmaking of meanings because of their symbolic value that constitute a sense of place and underpin human relations with immediate and distant spaces. Notwithstanding the ubiquity of its images in Bollywood cinema and its centrality to forming the collective imagination and, thereby, the sense of place for audience, landscape is yet to find its place in wider social discussion and debates, especially in the developing world. This paper critically examines the visual representation of landscape in Bollywood films and the various interpretations that can be found in both its production and consumption within the realm of the culture industry.
Order, Disobedience and Power in Kieslowski’s Dekalog
Authors: Barış Janet
Published: December 2018

The Dekalog series, comprised of ten films made by Kieslowski in 1989-90 for the Polish TV, inspired by the Ten Commandments (Decalogues) in the Torah, treats the goodness and innocence of human beings, as well as the evilness and anxiety. Generally, as a common element in all films of the series, appears the triangle of order-submission-disobedience and the power field becomes a tide moving back and forth between different characters. According to Foucault, power is perceived differently today, compared to the past. In the earlier times, power was perceived to be the rulership of a king over its subjects, while today, different types of power exist. Foucault argues that the punishment directed towards the body before is now directed to the soul. The discourse in the Ten Commandments that directs people what to do and what not overlaps the Foucauldian definition of power and the punishment of the soul. This phenomenon appears in every film of the series differently, through the characters and the plot. This article’s objective is to examine Kieslowski’s Dekalog series through the relationship between order, submission and power, and to discuss the effects of this relationship over the characters.
Violence in the Postcolonial Ghetto: Ngozi Onwurah's Welcome II the Terrordome (1994)
Authors: Herbert Emilie
Published: December 2018

As a film-maker who likes to transgress ideas of what is commonly expected from a black female artist to be making, British-Nigerian director Ngozi Onwurah has shown a particular interest in the various expressions of violence throughout her filmography. Her first feature film, Welcome II the Terrordome (1994), specifically grapples with themes of violence, memory, reincarnation and embodiment. The film follows the story of the McBride family : first as slaves, as the filmmaker evokes an ancient Igbo legend, and in their reincarnated life in the ghetto of Transdean, better known as the ‘Terrordome’. More than twenty years after its release, I will question Welcome II the Terrordome’s representations of violence through the ideas of postcolonial theorists Frantz Fanon and Achille Mbembe.
Global Cinematic Cities: New Landscape of Film and Media
Authors: Korolkova Maria
Published: December 2018

Johan Andersson and Lawrence Webb (eds), Global Cinematic Cities: New Landscape of Film and Media. London & New York: Wallflower Press, 2016. ix + 261 pp. ISBN 9780231177474
Altos funcionarios del estado y funcionamiento multinivel del Estado español
Authors: Crespo González Jorge
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo pretende analizar y comprender qué posición y visión tiene la alta función pública del Estado de la cooperación y coordinación en un contexto de fuerte descentralización política interna y de gran complejidad externa cual es el español. La selección de la alta función pública como instrumento para conocer el funcionamiento del Estado se justifica por las funciones que desarrolla, su cercanía al proceso decisional y la investigación comparada, que destaca sus funciones adhesivas y lubricantes en sistemas políticos complejos. La investigación ha implicado definir la relación existente entre alta función pública y coordinación y, respecto de esta última, establecer un concepto operativo inspirado en la obra de Metcalfe. Los resultados derivan de un trabajo empírico consistente en confrontar la escala de coordinación con las percepciones de los Administradores Civiles del Estado (cuerpo generalista de élite de la Administración general del Estado en España) y con entrevistas a importantes académicos y miembros de dicho cuerpo. Las conclusiones sugieren, por una parte, que el tejido organizativo e institucional que garantiza la coordinación multinivel en España no es el adecuado para la complejidad territorial del Estado español y, por otra, la posibilidad de replicar el estudio en otros niveles de gobierno interno e incluso a nivel internacional.
De gira por España. Prácticas y estrategias de los virtuosos que actuaron en los primeros conciertos públicos de Madrid (1767-1808)
Authors: Martínez Reinoso Josep
Published: December 2018

The introduction of concerts to the variety of public entertainment on offer in large cities was a cultural, social and economic phenomenon of a transnational nature that began in the eighteenth century and was consolidated throughout the nineteenth century. For this reason, the early public concerts organised in Spain presented almost identical repertories, production systems and formats of performance to those that were organised in the great musical centres of the time, principally Paris, Vienna and London. On this basis, this article describes the rise of the public concert through the practices and strategies of the travelling virtuosi who performed in Madrid. In particular, it analyses the cases of Antonio Lolli, Michael Esser, Agostina Lhoest, Luigia Gerbini, Pierre Rode and Bernhard Romberg, internationally renowned soloists who chose Spain as a destination on some of their tours.
El concierto sacro: de la iglesia a los salones y teatros
Authors: Montero Josefa
Published: December 2018

En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX abundan en la prensa las reseñas de interpretaciones de música sacra, dentro y fuera del templo, especialmente con motivo de las principales fiestas solemnes, como la Semana Santa. Inicialmente los periódicos describían e incluso comentaban la música de las funciones litúrgicas, pero a medida que avanza el siglo aumentaron las referencias a las interpretaciones de música religiosa fuera de los recintos sagrados y se centraron en su presencia en los teatros y salones de asociaciones cívicas, principalmente en periodos como la Cuaresma, cuando estaban prohibidas las representaciones teatrales. Este artículo se centra en las interpretaciones de música sacra en España durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, así como sus promotores, escenarios, repertorios y artistas. A partir de los datos obtenidos se extraen conclusiones sobre el significado de estas actividades y la recepción de determinadas obras y autores y se sugieren nuevas líneas de investigación.
La partitura como testimonio de la tradición. Un caso sobre identidad y etnomusicología en la historia
Authors: Vega Salvatierra Zoila Elena
Published: December 2018

En el presente trabajo se propone el empleo de obras de música académica como fuente para el estudio de géneros populares andinos en la época colonial tardía y albores de la república en los actuales territorios de Perú y Bolivia, época difícil de documentar debido a la escasez de fuentes escritas. Este planteamiento podría contribuir al estudio de fases tempranas de dichos géneros, cómo difieren de sus versiones contemporáneas, documentar aquellos que ya han desaparecido y la forma en que autores académicos plasmaron en sus obras el material de origen tradicional. Se emplea como ejemplo de estudio el tercer y quinto movimiento del Divertimento Concertante Opus 43 para guitarra, dos flautas y cuarteto de cuerdas del compositor peruano-boliviano Pedro Ximénez Abrill y Tirado (Arequipa, Perú, 1784?; Sucre, Bolivia 1856)
Capital, credit and the business cycle in Marx
Authors: Zaratiegui Jesús M. , Manterola Mikel
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this paper is to identify two inconsistencies that are found in the third chapter of Marx's Das Kapital, dedicated to the study of credit. In the first one Marx states that the distinction between commercial and bank credit is only nominal, but he resorts to it in order to provide an explanation for the nineteenth century crisis in England, thus implying that the distinction was not only nominal, but real. The second inconsistency is noticed between Marx’s statement that real and money capital move in opposite directions during the trade cycle (with-out an explanation of how it is possible), and the second book of The Capital where Marx states that capital in the form of money and real capital must move in the same directions during the business cycle
Geographic Endowment, Corruption, and Economic Development
Authors: Arefin Sazzadul
Published: December 2018

Corruption plays an important role in determining the effectiveness and quality of the institution, and growth. This paper investigates the linkage between corruption, various measures of geographical endowments and economic growth. I use corruption as a proxy for institutional quality and try to solve the endogeneity problem by Instrumental Variable approach as 2SLS for panel data for a sample of 192 countries and showed that corruption matters for economic growth. The results indicate that graphical endowments explain cross-country variation in economic development through their effect on corruption even when I control for other historical and cultural factors. Thus, when considering making policy for developing or developed countries much attention should be paid to this fact.
Determinants for Effective Implementation of Electronic Payment System by Hospitals in Tanzania: A Case of the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre
Authors: Mangana Kulwa , Katundu Mangasini
Published: December 2018

The era of rapid growth of the internet has witnessed the exponential growth of electronic payment systems (EPS); consequently, business transactions are constantly shifting from cash-based to electronic-based system. This paper is a product of a research conducted to explore factors that could influence effective adoption and implementation of the EPS among hospitals in Tanzania and the challenges associated with its adoption. The study used the KCMC as a case in point. The case study design was used. In this study we sampled 152 respondents randomly who included clients at the outpatient clinics of the hospital. The data were gathered using a structured questionnaire consistent with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The findings suggest that the majority of the clients preferred to use EPS whereas, intention to use EPS, previous experience in the use of EPS, and being banked were significant factors influencing both preference of EPS and intention to use EPS. It is recommended that in order to hasten adoption of EPS in Tanzania it is important to address the identified barriers and also to encourage clients to keep their money in and use the services of banks.
Bibliometric Analysis of the Research on Innovation Mechanism of Colleges in Civil-Military Inosculation
Authors: Guo Hongfei , Zhang Ru , Shi Jincheng , Zou Min , Chen Xiangyue , Zhang Jingge , Chen Xichuan , He Zhihui , Qu Ting , Li Congdong , Huang Guoquan
Published: December 2018

This paper focuses on the quantitative analysis of the construction and optimization of university innovation system in the integration of Chinese military and civilian. With the integration of military and civilian, colleges and innovation as the key words, data of the literatures is collected from the CNKI from 2005 to 2018, extract and pre-process the retrieval data, and then construct university innovation system in civil-military inosculation. The network uses keyword analysis, network density, centrality measurement, cluster analysis and core-edge structure analysis in the common word network analysis method to analyze keywords. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the research status of the university's innovation system in the integration of military and civilian, and proposes its future research direction, and provides reference for the further deepening and expansion of the university's innovation system under the background of military and civilian integration.
An Evaluation Study of Efficiency of Microfinance Institutions in Yemen
Authors: AboHulaika Eissa Hasan
Published: December 2018

This paper is intended to evaluate the efficiency of microfinance institutions in Yemen in terms of loan officer productivity and operational self-sufficiency. This study is based on empirical method. The population of this study were 11 Microfinance Institutions operating in Yemen. The data collected was based on both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected using questionnaire, open-end interviews, while the secondary data was collected from books, Microfinance Institutions Websites, annual reports, Social Fund for Development (SFD) annual reports, Yemen Microfinance Network (YMN), etc. The main findings of the study were that most microfinance institutions in Yemen are inefficient in terms of loan officer productivity and operational self-sufficiency. The study presented valuable recommendations and suggestions based on the findings of the study to strengthen, enhance & improve the efficiency of microfinance institutions in Yemen.
Introduction: Ecocriticism and Ecocivilization in the Confucian Cultural Environment
Authors: Wang Ning
Published: December 2018

In this introductory essay on the special issue “Ecocriticism in East Asia,” the author first offers a critical introduction and commentary on various essays included in this issue. And then, the author wants to argue that the issue of ecological and environmental problems is very relevant to our life in the present era, especially in China as well as in other East Asian countries or regions where economy has been developing by leaps and bounds during the past decades. On the other hand, environmental problems have also occurred in different countries or regions in East Asia. As literary scholars, what we should do is to find some ecological wisdom from ancient Asian philosophy, especially the Confucian and Daoist doctrines which are full of ecological resources. The articles in this issue do not merely offer their authors' critiques of the destruction of nature and environment in this area, but rather, they also try to provide some possible solutions although their proposals would not necessarily be adopted by the decision maker.
Re-interpreting Dao De Jing from an Ecological Perspective
Authors: Wang Jinghui
Published: December 2018

Dao De Jing contains the essence of Chinese philosophy and to study Dao De Jing from an ecological perspective in this article is to trace the ecological elements in this ancient Chinese philosophical work and its manifestation in literature east and west, past and present. This article examines how the principle of the harmony (unity) between nature and human beings is embedded in both this canonical book and the other Confucian classics—its pre- and after-life in the Four Books and Five Classics, especially the Book of Changes. Through analyzing the three sorts of harmony: between human beings and nature, between yin and yang, and between various obstacles, the article argues that the ecological concept in the book not only has had a deep impact on ancient Chinese people's life, but also is of contemporary relevance. It offers a sustainable proposal for the future development of the postmodern community, no matter it is with human fellow mates or with the natural environment. And that proposal is being water metaphorically speaking.
The Narrative Power of the Black Maternal Body: Resisting and Exceeding Visual Economies of Discipline in Margaret Walker'sJubilee
Authors: Wolfe Andrea
Published: December 2018

As theorist Robyn Wiegman has established, specular, and panoptic disciplinary measures together served to maintain hegemonic systems of power in American slavery, the Reconstruction period, and the era of segregation. Specular discipline is characterized by public scenes of torture, which discourage acts of opposition to the dominant power structure, while panoptic discipline uses constant surveillance, both real and imagined, to cause subjects to internalize the order of the discipline. In this article, I argue that Jubilee investigates and resists the visual control of the black maternal body in US slavery and Reconstruction, as these periods are depicted in the novel, as well as in the Civil Rights era contemporary to its publication. I focus on the changing narrative significance of the black maternal body in Jubilee as the protagonist carves out space within a disciplinary system of ocular control to claim ownership of her black maternal body and tell her story. I claim that the novel positions the black mother as uniquely able to subvert the narrative power enforced by the gaze throughout the past several centuries and counters stereotypical discourses about black women with an account of the strength and survival of the black female body.
A Teacher Goes Gothic: Walter White, Heisenberg, and the Dark Revenge of Science
Authors: McGrail J. Patrick , McGrail Ewa , Rieger Alicja
Published: December 2018

Much has been written on the natures and personalities of teachers in educational research and publications (Carter 2009; Beck 2012; Bulman 2015; Dalton 2013; Gillard 2012; Kelly and Caughlan 2011). However, mass media can have a powerful influence on how people see teachers. The television series Breaking Bad (Gilligan 2008–2013) and its representation of teachers, has contributed a unique—if warped—perspective on the subject of teachers and teaching in America. In this article, we argue that three important Gothic and mythic fables from literature are harbingers of Walter White and his transformation: the Faust legend, as told by Christopher Marlowe (1604), the tale of Victor Frankenstein and his monster, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (1818) and Robert Louis Stevenson's famous character, Mr. Edward Hyde (1886). We note that the comparisons, while apt, are imperfect, and we discuss their philosophical, social and literary implications.
Beauvoir's Ambiguity and Unruly Bodies
Authors: Blum Elaine M.
Published: December 2018

The aim of this project is to account for why we often denigrate intersex and trans bodies as disruptive and threatening. Within a binary understanding of sex and gender, we might call these bodies unruly. They deviate from what is normal but also challenge the very conceptions of normality. Appropriating Simone de Beauvoir's concept of ambiguity as the “paradox of man,” I argue that intersex and trans bodies unsettle us because they reflect the freedom of the body and our associated responsibility in choosing how we live the body. We denigrate these individuals from within a spirit of seriousness, claiming that sex and gender are absolute to abdicate any responsibility for them. That is, we denounce unruly bodies in an attempt to flee from the freedom and responsibility of our own bodies.
African Views of Just War in Mandela and Cabral
Authors: Cordeiro-Rodrigues Luis
Published: December 2018

In this article, I will carry out an epistemic and interpretative project, drawing out the implications of African values for the morality of war. More precisely, I wish to interpret the African value system and tease out some conclusions as to what this value system entails in terms of the following: the morality of when to enter war, how to act in war, and what to do after war. I carry out this inquiry by articulating the African value of Ubuntu in light of the actions and speeches of two prominent African leaders, Nelson Mandela and Amilcar Cabral.
La segregación laboral vertical y horizontal. Elementos estructurales del mercado laboral hondureño: 2001, 2005 y 2010
Authors: Calix Martha Lilian
Published: December 2018

La segregación laboral vertical y horizontal es una problemática internacional que atañe a todos los países con mayor o menor intensidad. En el caso de Honduras no es un hecho cíclico, mucho menos estacional pues esta irregularidad se ha sostenido a lo largo de los años; como lo evidencian los recuentos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples (EPHPM) realizada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE) de los años 2001, 2005, 2010. Los desajustes en la distribución de las mujeres y los hombres en las ocupaciones laborales pueden verificarse por un índice de segregación. Este método ampliamente empleado en investigaciones fue creado en 1955 por Duncan y Duncan. Con base en los datos censales, o encuestas de hogares, el método concede la posibilidad de verificar la clasificación de la fuerza laboral, asimismo demostrar el grado en el que difiere la participación relativa de los hombres y las mujeres. Indicadores como ocupación principal de la PEA, reveló que el sector primario, en el ámbito rural, sostiene una alta concentración de mano de obra masculina, lo cual remarca el índice de disimilitud laboral. Para el período de estudio alcanzó valores porcentuales entre 54.8% y 64.7%. Con relación a los ingresos monetarios, las cifras demostraron que en las grandes ciudades (Tegucigalpa-Comayagüela y San Pedro Sula), en promedio, los hombres son mejor retribuidos que el resto de los grupos en los dominios complementarios. La aplicación del índice de Duncan dejó ver la cuantificación del fenómeno de la segregación laboral, así como el estrecho vínculo, del mismo, con los tradicionales patrones de género. De igual manera la concentración de mano de obra masculina en las ocupaciones del primer sector de la economía; agricultura, ganadería y trabajos agropecuarios; la fuerza laboral de los hombres es altamente representativa en el área textil, albañilería y mecánica. La mano de obra femenina en el área rural está absolutamente excluida de las tareas de transporte.
Movimientos migratorios internos del Distrito Central y San Pedro Sula en Honduras, 1988-2013
Authors: Flores Fonseca Manuel Antonio
Published: December 2018

El estudio de la migración interna en el país ha sido relegado por la notoriedad que ha tenido la migración internacional. Los datos reflejan que en Honduras hay una tendencia al aumento en el número de migrantes internos en las últimas seis décadas, pero más recientemente a partir de la mitad de ese período hay una disminución de la proporción de migrantes. Este artículo con carácter descriptivo muestra el fenómeno migratorio interno partiendo de datos censales a nivel de División Administrativa Menor (DAME) que en este caso es el Municipio. Es de apuntar que la cuantía de la migración absoluta y reciente a nivel de DAME supera a los niveles estimados a nivel de División Administrativa Mayor  Departamental (DAM), ya que cuando el nivel geográfico es más reducido hay mayores probabilidades de desplazamiento. Si hay una mayor similitud en las migraciones recientes que en las absolutas a nivel de DAM y DAME, producto de la utilización de un período de referencia más cercano a la fecha de empadronamiento. En Honduras los dos municipios de mayor atractivo migratorio, absoluta y reciente, han sido el Distrito Central y San Pedro Sula. Sin embargo, la primacía migratoria de estos dos municipios ha cambiado espectacularmente al convertirse en divisiones con saldos migratorios recientes negativos, especialmente en San Pedro Sula (municipio con el más alto saldo migratorio negativo reciente del país), y en menor medida también el Distrito Central, aunque ambos reciben y envían fuertes contingentes de migrantes entre ellos, a su vez tienen intercambios a DAME cercanas y lejanas.
Tradición y costumbre en las Fiestas de San Roque, Pueblo de El Viejo, Chinandega
Authors: Andino Elvira Maritza
Published: December 2018

Reflexionar y describir las tradiciones y costumbres de las fiestas de San Roque, del Pueblo de El Viejo, surge por la necesidad de fundamentar las prácticas culturales que coexisten en las poblaciones de Nicaragua, específicamente se realiza el estudio en el municipio de El Viejo, departamento de Chinandega. En este espacio ocurren las fiestas tradicionales que tienen relación ancestral y por sus prácticas muestran elementos de identidad de forma individual y colectiva, se acentúan en las comunidades y sobre todo aquellas que tienen arraigo de la cultura original. El objetivo central de este trabajo aquí expuesto es presentar las fiestas como parte de las tradiciones y costumbres de la localidad y como ellas aportan al patrimonio de la cultura material e inmaterial de la población, de esta manera queda declarada la cultura, identidad y patrimonio cultural de la población viejana.
Reflexiones sobre los pueblos originarios del pacífico, centro y norte de Nicaragua
Authors: Cruz Olivas Uwe Paul
Published: December 2018

A lo largo y ancho de Nicaragua encontramos diferentes expresiones culturales de los pueblos originarios, quienes arduamente luchan por conservar sus bosques, sus tradiciones, formas de organización social, formas de hacer política y de maniobrar sus asuntos económicos y sociales en plena libertad. Pese a ello, los pueblos indígenas del centro norte de Nicaragua se encuentran en un complejo laberinto étnico, al asumir falsos positivos1 en relación a su origen histórico. Es decir, la construcción del discurso y de la identidad étnica en algunos pueblos del centro y norte, gira alrededor un falso positivo cultural denominada “chorotega2”, dicha aseveración tergiversa gran parte de la historia de los pueblos indígenas de las Segovia. En el presente ensayo, abordaré las tramas étnicas y políticas relacionadas a la identidad cultural de los pueblos indígenas del centro norte de Nicaragua, quienes asumen una identidad cultural que no concuerda con la historia, la lingüística y la antropología de la región. Dicho ensayo, tiene el propósito de reivindicar más allá, de las prácticas y tradiciones los asuntos de la auto identificación étnica, en las comunidades originarias de las Segovia. Para ello, retomé elementos de la antropología cultural y de la arqueología nacional, que permita dilucidar los orígenes y los procesos históricos de los pueblos en cuestión. Asimismo, la hipótesis que ubico en la antropología nacional tiene como base, debatir el discurso de los pueblos denominados “chorotega del centro y norte” a través de los registros primarios, los resultados de la arqueología en los últimos 20 años, en la región centro y norte. También, retomaremos losestudios lingüísticos de Alfonso Cónstenla en la región antes mencionada. Partiendo, de una corriente interdisciplinaria de la antropología del sur, que impulsa el reconocimiento de la identidad originaria de los pueblos, desde su origen étnico, historia en común, prácticas cotidianas y estructura sociocultural posmoderna existente en la región.
Guancasco: Cultura, tradición e identidad
Authors: Nieto Aguilar José Ramón
Published: December 2018

En este ensayo intento mostrar una práctica cultural propia del pueblo Lenca de Honduras. Enfocándome exclusivamente en el Guancasco o Paizanasgo de los municipios de Ojojona y Lepaterique, en el departamento de Francisco Morazán. Intento mostrar generalidades que sirvan de interés para la investigación a profundidad del tema.
Análisis comparativo del costo del kWh de plantas de potencia utilizando como combustible biomasa de los pinos afectados por el Dendroctonus Frontalis en Honduras
Authors: Zorto Aguilera Fernando , Licona Martínez Wilson
Published: December 2018

En Honduras en el 2106 se presentó un problema de aprovechamiento de madera de pino afectada por el Dendroctunus Frontalis, el cual afectó a 389.024.38 ha de pino. Por tal motivo es necesario una solución viable a dicho problema, por lo cual se propone el estudio de ubicación de dos escenarios para el manejo de la biomasa. En el Escenario 1 se desea instalar una planta con capacidad de 50MW y para el Escenario 2 se instala zonificado dos plantas de potencia una de 35 MW y otra de 25 MW para verificar, cuál de las dos soluciones genera un costo unitario de Kilowatio-hora más bajo. En este caso, se evaluaron cuatro tipos de tecnologías de plantas de potencia para recudir al máximo el flujo de combustible en cada escenario. En este caso el Escenario 2 nos presenta los mejores valores de costo unitarios de kilowatio-hora siendo estos en la planta de potencia CR3REG2REC para la número 1 con capacidad de 35 MW netos y en la planta de potencia CR3REG2REC número 2 con capacidad de 25 MW netos en US$ 0.0543/kWh y 0.0799 US$/kWH respectivamente.
The Role of Jordanian Public Universities in Promoting International Educational Principles from the Perspective of their Faculty Members
Authors: Al-Aqrabawi Yasmin Mesleh , Al-Zboon Mohammad Saleem
Published: December 2018

The present study aimed at exploring the role of Jordanian public universities in promoting international educational principles from the perspective of their faculty members. In order to meet the study’s goals, a descriptive approach was adopted and a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire consists from twenty five (25) items. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were measured. The study’s sample consists from three hundred (300) faculty members. They were selected from three Jordanian public universities (i.e. the University of Jordan, Yarmouk University and Mu’tah University). The researchers concluded the following results:

1)- The Jordanian public universities play a moderate role in promoting international educational principles from the perspective of the faculty members

2)- There isn’t any statistically significant difference between the respondents’ attitudes towards the role of Jordanian public universities in promoting international educational principles which can be attributed to gender. However, there are statistically significant differences between the respondents’ attitudes in this regard which be attributed to their academic rank. The latter differences are for the favor of the associate professors. There are statistically significant differences between the respondents’ attitudes in this regard which be attributed to type of faculty. The latter differences are for the favor of the ones who work in scientific faculties.

The researchers of the present study recommend exerting more efforts by the administrations of Jordanian public universities to promote international educational principles. They also recommend providing more attention for international education in Jordanian universities. That should be done through holding seminars in order for faculty member to attend and hold discussions about international educational principles and concepts. Such seminars shall enrich the knowledge that faculty members have in this regard. The researchers also recommend promoting awareness among faculty members about the significance of addressing international education-related issues in their lectures.
Assessment of Information Needs of Shea Butter Processors’ on Modern Processing Technologies in North Central Agro-Ecological Zone of Nigeria
Authors: Igene L. , Solomon O. , Osifo M. , Akagbosu B. E.
Published: December 2018

To ensure sustainable shea butter production in North Central Agro-ecological zone of Nigeria using modern shea butter processing technologies necessitated this study. The major objective of the study was to identify the information needs of shea butter processors’ on modern shea butter processing technologies whilst examining the respondents’ socio-economic characteristics, ascertaining their awareness, areas of information needs, sources of information, and perception on the effect of inadequate information on modern processing technologies were the specific objectives. Primary data were collected from 216 processors’ using multi-stage sampling procedure. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that most (90.3%) of the processors’ were females, young and married with little or no formal education and having between 6 to 15 years of processing experience. Respondents obtained information mostly from fellow processors ( =70) and cooperative societies ( = 67). Perceived areas of information need include kneading ( = 89), crushing ( = 88), roasting ( = 85) and milling ( = 84). Perceived effects of inadequate information on modern processing technologies were low yield of shea butter ( = 78), low income ( = 76), and local use of local technologies ( = 71) and poor packaging of shea butter ( = 78). Respondents’ sex (χ2 = 22.076, 0.000), educational level (χ2 = 86.983, 0.000) and years of processing experience (χ2 = 22.076, 0.000) had significant association with their perception of information needs. Creation of awareness on modern shea butter processing technologies through the use of more radio programmes aired at appropriate time and the use of leaflets produced both in English and local languages is recommended.
De Mededingingswet en de onderkant van de arbeidsmarkt
Authors: Canoy Marcel , Hellingman Kees
Published: December 2018

De Mededingingswet en de onderkant van de arbeidsmarkt

Het grote aantal zzp’ers in Nederland groeit nog steeds, mede door de komst van online platforms en de kluseconomie. Dit artikel verkent hoe de voordelen van een flexibele arbeidsmarkt kunnen worden gecombineerd met het verhinderen van sociale dumping in situaties van monopsonie. Het beschermen van schijnzelfstandigen door cao-afspraken, zoals voorzien in het arrest FNV KIEM, biedt niet in alle situaties voldoende duidelijkheid en soelaas. Alternatieven smoren mogelijk de ontwikkeling van nieuwe vormen van ondernemerschap. De auteurs bezien daarom welke ruimte de Mededingingswet aanvullend zou kunnen bieden voor het invoeren van goed onderbouwde minimumtarieven als variant met de minste schadelijke bijwerkingen.
Het Hof van Justitie oordeelt over de reikwijdte van de Europese standstillverplichting
Authors: de Jong Stijn
Published: December 2018

Het Hof van Justitie oordeelt over de reikwijdte van de Europese standstillverplichting

Het Hof van Justitie oordeelt in de zaak Ernst & Young P/S over de reikwijdte van de Europese standstillverplichting. Stijn de Jong annoteert dit arrest en geeft enkele praktische handvatten.
De elektronische betekening van gerechtelijke mededelingen: kanttekeningen bij een betrekkelijk nieuwe regeling
Authors: van Wetten J.W.
Published: December 2018

De elektronische betekening van gerechtelijke mededelingen: kanttekeningen bij een betrekkelijk nieuwe regeling

De auteur concludeert dat wanneer de huidige regeling van de e-betekening in ongewijzigde vorm in Hoofdstuk 9 van Boek 1 van het nieuwe Wetboek van Strafvordering zou worden opgenomen en in werking zal treden, niet verwacht mag worden dat deze in de praktijk enige toegevoegde waarde zal hebben. Bovendien kan worden geconcludeerd dat de regeling dermate techniekafhankelijk is geformuleerd dat deze in de weg staat aan de toepassing van een handige en gebruikersvriendelijke voorziening als de Berichtenbox app. Wenselijk is de regeling te herzien met als vertrekpunt dat het elektronisch ontvangen van gerechtelijke kennisgevingen geen geheel vrijblijvende aangelegenheid is voor de justitiabele. Het invoeren van een verplichting tot elektronische ontvangst voert wellicht te ver. Voorgesteld wordt aan een eenmaal gegeven instemming voor het elektronische ontvangen van gerechtelijke kennisgevingen de consequentie te verbinden dat de verzending van een kennisgeving door het Openbaar Ministerie voldoende is om een betekening in persoon aan te nemen. Dat zal het geval kunnen zijn indien de werking van de te gebruiken voorziening een grote mate van zekerheid biedt dat de kennisgeving de juiste persoon bereikt, dat – behoudens de mogelijkheid van een verstoring – de aan de persoon verzonden kennisgeving (doordat hij hiervan langs verschillende kanalen wordt genotificeerd) de persoon niet zal kunnen ontgaan en dat de verzending op bij wet voorschreven wijze wordt gelogd en in machinaal gegenereerde standaardverklaringen wordt vastgelegd opdat de rechter – mocht dit nodig zijn – de e-betekening kan controleren.
A Comparison of Factors Influencing Health Risk Behaviour of College Students in the Countries of the Carpathian Basin
Authors: Kovács Klára
Published: December 2018

An examination of the health behaviour of college students is important from several aspects. First, starting and continuing studies, being detached from the family and friends creates a new situation for students (Greene et al. 2001), the decreasing parental control may test the development of self-regulation in a young person. The chances of harmful forms of behaviour, especially binge drinking, increase among students (Von Ah et al. 2004; Hunt & Eisenberg 2010; O’Malley & Johnston 2002). In our study, we intended to find out how individual and socio-economic factors influence the health risk behaviour (smoking, excessive use of alcohol, and drugs) of higher-education students in Central and Eastern European countries. For the analyses, we used a database of the Centre for Higher Education Research and Development (CHERD-H), including the higher education institutions in the border regions of five countries: Hungary, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania and Serbia (IESA 2015, N = 2,017). Our results show that although the regions concerned share similar historical and cultural traditions, there are different factors influencing the health behaviour of students in the countries concerned. In general, we may state that, with the exception of Serbia, health risk behaviour is more characteristic of male students than of female ones. It is only in Hungary that subjective financial situations play a role in the health-risk behaviour of students in Hungary. The social-partying way of life is a risk factor in almost all the regions concerned. Recreational activity is a protective factor in Hungary against substance use, just as much as sports among the Subcarpathian students. Being familiar with the meaning of life is a protective factor for the students in the Partium and Transylvania. The level and different dimension of individual trust has an inconsistent influence in the specific countries.