bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INDIGENOUS POPULATION IN THE VIEWS OF THE YAKUT REGIONAL HEAD (1820S-1830S)
Authors: ВАСИЛЬЕВ А.Д.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена репрезентации коренного населения Якутской области - якутов, тунгусов, ламутов и др. - в ежегодных отчетах якутского областного начальника Н.И. Мягкова. В его отчетах большое внимание уделялось решению земельного вопроса, а также негативному влиянию на жизнь аборигенов ряда земских чиновников, казаков, духовенства и торговцев. Инородческое население в отчетах освещалось с позиций патернализма и позиционировалось как объект заботы и защиты со стороны областной администрации. Сконструирован образ «образованного инородца», способного к организации самоуправления. Прослеживается общеимперская тенденция, характерная для первой половины XIX в., связанная с высокой степенью этнической толерантности в административной политике самодержавия в контексте процесса инкорпорации региона в российское пространство.

The article examines the representation of the indigenous population of the Yakut region in the 1820s-1830s - the Yakuts, Tungus, Lamuts, etc., based on the content of the annual reports of the regional head Nikolai Ivanovich Myagkov, stored in the fonds of the Russian State Historical Archive (St. Petersburg), which the official provided to the Minister of Internal Affairs. The principle of historicism formed the methodological basis of the study. The article deals with the problems of “vagrant” and “nomadic” foreigners, it is noted that particular attention in the reports was given to the latter, the Yakuts, who constituted the main indigenous population in terms of their numbers in the Yakut region. The reports focused on the “land issue” associated with the shortage and non-equal distribution of mowing areas for the Yakuts; the problems of delimiting hunting areas between the Yakuts and Tungus. In addition, the issues of the negative impact of some categories of the population on the life of the aborigines were raised, primarily zemstvo officials, and then the Cossacks, the clergy and merchants; the fight against arbitrariness and the restriction of communications were proposed as a solution to the problem. The reports presented the indigenous population in a spirit of paternalism and positioned it as an object of care and protection by the regional administration. The image of an “educated foreigner” was created, capable of organizing self-government, in particular, the Yakut Steppe Duma, established on the basis of the Statute of Alien Administration of 1822; such qualities as laziness or mental retardation were not characteristic of the aboriginal population of the Yakut region, and among the negative qualities only “snitching” was noted. The content of the annual reports reveals a trend characteristic of the first half of the 19th century, associated with a high degree of ethnic tolerance in the administrative policy of autocracy in the context of the process of incorporation of the region into the all-Russian space, as well as the absence of Russification elements.
Técnicas de verificación y validación de modelos de simulaciones en la investigación operativa
Authors: Quispe Fajardo Adrian Ismael , Ramírez García Jorge Armando
Published: September 2024

Simulation models are a valuable tool for operations research (OR) as they enable the study of the behavior of complex systems. However, the effectiveness of these models depends on their accuracy and reliability. Therefore, it is important to employ verification and validation (V&V) techniques to ensure that the models adequately represent the real system. This article provides a review of V&V techniques for simulation models in operations research (OR).
Factores críticos de éxito en la gestión de proyectos de tecnología de información
Authors: Centeno Torres Tais , Leon Fernandez Cayo , Sobero Rodriguez Fany
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación tiene por finalidad determinar de qué manera los FCE influyen en la GPTI por parte de los profesionales que integran el capítulo PMI de Lima Perú. El estudio se aplicó a una muestra conformada por 53 gestores de proyectos, quienes trabajan usando diferentes metodologías de gestión de proyectos de entidades privadas y públicas. Después de analizar los datos estadísticos, se concluyó que existe una influencia positiva significativa con una correlación de Rho de Spearman de 0.581.
14th - 16th centuries Grand Duchy of Lithuania border Pacts and delimitation procedures
Authors: Čelkis Tomas
Published: September 2024

This article analyzes Grand Duchy of Lithuania (forward GDL) frontiers treaties and their practice - frontier marking process in 14th-16th century. State territory conception in GDL, which stimulated the beginning of frontiers delimitation, is under consideration as well. This article sifts through the State frontiers evaluating documents, pointing out some groups of them. Separate part of the article discuss frontiers determination process, State delimitation projects arrangement circumstances, the convention and conference organization of State ambassadors. The other part is up for State ambassadors (negotiators) board constitution, their functions; treaty formation and confirmation by oath and stamp ceremony. However, technical side of the frontiers marking, denotation and limitation processes are also pointed out. On the whole, this research article will help to realize GDL State conception development procedure, highlight some international law accents into the context of the territory.
Visit of the Soviet Union journalists' delegation to Finland and the Baltic countries in 1937: the report of the leader of the delegation, Boris Michailov, to Stalin and Molotov
Authors: Butkus Zenonas , Llmjärv Magnus
Published: September 2024

The article presents the leader's of the USSR journalists' delegation, Michailov's, report to Stalin and Molotov on the July 19-August 10, 1937 visit to Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, which was found in the Russian State Archive for Social and Political History, Molotov's Stock (f. 82, i. 2, r. 1020, p. 4-16). The document presented might seem to be complete propaganda, bloated with class struggle, and in general full of Marxist clichés. It is, however, an authentic testimony of the attitude formed by those in the highest circles of Soviet authorities towards the Baltic countries. The attitude became of high importance to those countries' fate in just a few years. Soviet clichés notwithstanding, the document also reflects the internal and international situation of the countries. The visit itself was not just an ordinary fact of cultural ties but an action motivated by international political considerations, which has not been addressed in historical works yet.
The aim of the visit of the delegation under the lead of Michailov was to collect information about the Baltic countries, which was outside the reach through normal diplomatic channels. First of all, an attempt was made to perceive the mood of the population and to foresee any possible changes in the course of a potential war. There was also a goal to shift the attitude in favour of the Soviet Union. An attempt was made to show that the ongoing repressions did not hinder its active foreign policy, and did not prevent it from having close relations with the neighbouring countries. This visit, to a certain extent, could also have been a demonstration against Germany - an attempt was made to make it understand that the Soviets were influential in the Baltic region, and therefore, the expansionary politics had to be done in coordination with them.
The USSR journalists were favourably welcomed in the Baltic countries. They were received by the official representatives of the authorities, and by social and cultural organizations. The report as a historical source is supplemented by the memoirs of the member of the Soviet delegation Tichonov, published in 1964. Both sources as well as the press reports indicate that the welcome of the delegation was the warmest in Lithuania - a large part of its politicians as well as influential intellectuals still believed that Moscow would help Lithuania to regain Vilnius and retain Klaipėda. Left-wing intellectuals of the Baltic countries, among whom it is already possible to notice Justas Paleckis and Johanes Vares-Barbarus, leaders-to-be of the puppet governments of the 1940 occupation in Lithuania and Estonia, actively adjoined the delegations. This fact alone already testifies the after-effects of the visit.
The Second Crusade and it's Contexts - Rec.: Jonathan Phillips. The Second Crusade. Extending the frontiers of Christendom. New Haven-London: Yale university press, 2007. 364 p.
Authors: Ščavinskas Marius
Published: September 2024

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Finding God in the Childhood and Adolescent Prose of V. P. Krapivin
Authors: Komin Maxim
Published: September 2024

The article presents an analysis of Vladislav Krapivin's children's prose in the aspect of spiritual realism, examines the main scientific publications highlighting Christian motives in the works of V.P. Krapivin and the features of describing religious culture, church life in fiction for children. The article describes the spiritual formation of the "Krapivinsky boy", his consistent progress from the first acquaintance with religious attributes (sometimes accidental) to conscious church formation, rapprochement with God through sincere faith and prayer, while it is shown that the spiritual evolution of the Krapivinsky protagonist reflects the spiritual quest and experiences of the writer himself. The image of the Krapivinsky protagonist, by virtue of his moral purity, is compared with the image of the boy Jesus, an angel; Christian values are organically embedded in the moral basis and the "code of honor" of the "Krapivinsky boy". The presence of cult Christian images, direct and hidden references to the gospel texts testifies to the preservation in V.P. Krapivin's prose of the spiritual traditions of Russian children's and adolescent literature. V.P. Krapivin's prose is characterized by posing deep spiritual questions to the heroes, striving for the search for truth, evaluating the actions of the heroes from the standpoint of Christian morality. The miracle inherent in the fantastic works of V.P. Krapivin often appears, according to the writer's plan, as a Divine miracle.
The Archetype “Byronic Hero” in the Literature of the 19th Century
Authors: Kornilova Elena
Published: September 2024

In the second period (after his expulsion from England), J. G. Byron created his most mature and most innovative works, which struck the imagination of his contemporaries and made the poet an iconic thinker for the European youth. The plots of the dramatic poem “Manfred” and the mystery “Cain” were based on the mythological structures of German folklore (the legend of Dr. Faust) and the biblical canon (Book of Genesis). However, in Byron’s imagination, they acquired a philosophical and social content that they had lacked before, exclusively characteristic of Romanticism and the period of disappointment in the Enlightenment ideals. This transformation resulted from the interaction of several contradictory influences in Byron’s poetic laboratory: the rebellious humanistic traditions of the Enlightenment, the declared Classicist doctrine, the apparent influence of the Gothic genre on mass consciousness, and the individualistic tendencies in public life (at least among the British aristocracy), up to a complete severance of old social ties. Unique archetypal models of the Modern times were born from this explosive mixture, including the “Byronic hero” and the “titanic images” of Manfred and Cain, around which a certain mystically tinted poetics of “formula literature,” such as the hermetic chronotope, was formed.
Pre- and Post-admission Care for Children Hospitalized With Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Authors: Rickey Lisa , Hall Matt , Berry Jay G.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Although skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are among the most common indications for pediatric hospitalization, little is known about outpatient care received for SSTI before and after hospitalization. We assessed peri-hospitalization care for SSTI, including antibiotic exposures and their impact on hospital length of stay (LOS).

METHODS

This is a retrospective cohort study of 1229 SSTI hospitalizations in 2019 from children aged 1-to-18 years enrolled in Medicaid from 10 US states included in the Merative Marketscan Medicaid database. We characterized health service utilization (outpatient visits, laboratory and diagnostic tests, antibiotic exposures) 14 days before and 30 days after hospitalization and evaluated the effects of pre-hospitalization care on hospital LOS with linear regression.

RESULTS

Only 43.1% of children hospitalized with SSTI had a preceding outpatient visit with a SSTI diagnosis, 69.8% of which also filled prescription for an antibiotic. Median LOS for SSTI admission was 2 days (interquartile range 1–3). Pre-hospitalization visits with a diagnosis of SSTI were associated with a 0.7 day reduction (95% confidence interval: 0.6–0.81) in LOS (P < .001), but pre-hospital antibiotic exposure alone had no effect on LOS. Most children (81.7%) filled antibiotic prescriptions after hospital discharge and 74.5% had post-discharge ambulatory visits.

CONCLUSIONS

Although most children did not receive pre-admission care for SSTI, those that did had a shorter hospitalization. Further investigation is necessary on how to optimize access and use of outpatient care for SSTI.
Bird Habitat Value and Management Priorities of the California Winter Rice Habitat Incentive Program
Authors:   US Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Peterson Sarah , Ackerman Joshua ,   US Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Schacter Carley ,   US Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Hartman C. Alex ,   US Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Herzog Mark ,   US Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center
Published: September 2024

Flooding rice (Oryza sativa) agricultural fields during winter to facilitate rice straw decomposition has mitigated the loss of some of the natural wetlands in California’s Central Valley. We conducted bird surveys in 253 rice checks (2,158 ha) within 177 rice fields in the Sacramento Valley during the fall and winter of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 to evaluate factors that influence bird use of winter-flooded, post-harvest rice fields enrolled in the California Winter Rice Habitat Incentive Program. We counted 143,932 birds from 57 species, including dabbling ducks (86.4%), geese (8.0%), shorebirds (0.9%), wading birds (0.7%), and other birds (4.0%). Extrapolating from the lowest densities observed in rice fields during the 70-day mandatory flooding period, we estimated that properties enrolled in this public-private partnership provided habitat for at least 271,312 birds day – 1 (16,248 ha; 2021-2022) and 147,315 birds day – 1 (8,448 ha; 2022-2023), totaling > 10 million bird-use-days each winter. Water depth had the greatest influence on bird abundance and diversity. Relatively shallow water depths (≤ 13 cm) had greater abundance of geese, shorebirds, and wading birds, and higher diversity, whereas intermediate depths (~23 cm) resulted in the greatest dabbling duck abundance. Duck, goose, and wading bird abundances were greatest—and species richness and family diversity were highest—8 days after the onset of flooding in rice fields (typically late October), followed by a decline in bird use until 65 to 87 days post-flooding, after which bird use increased slightly. Bird abundance and species diversity were lowest in rice fields with the greatest hunting intensity (≥ 3 days week – 1). We identified several habitat variables that could be managed and prioritized by landowner incentive programs to increase bird use of winter-flooded rice, including water depth, variation in emergent vegetation height, mudflat habitat availability, rice check shape, hunting intensity, and post-harvest treatment of residual rice straw.
Comparison of antibiotic resistance among biofilm-positive and negative Staphylococcus aureus mastitis isolates
Authors: Ghari M. , Heidarpour M. , Khoramian B. , Ghaemi M. , Amiri P.
Published: September 2024

Because the success of treating Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) mastitis depends on numerous factors, different cure rates have been reported. Since biofilm production is one of the most critical factors for pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance, this study aimed to assess the ability of S. aureus to produce biofilm and compare antibiotic resistance in biofilm-positive and negative S. aureus strains. Milk samples (n=110) were collected from two herds of cows and subjected to bacteriological analysis. PCR (nucA gene) was used to detect accurately the cause of mastitis. Colorimetric microtiter plate assay was used to evaluate the biofilm formation capacity of the strains. The agar disk diffusion technique was utilised to specify the susceptibility to common antibiotics, including ampicillin, enrofloxa­cin, tylosin, penicillin, tetracycline, lincomycin, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, oxacillin, ceftriaxone, methicillin, vancomycin, and cefazolin. From isolated S. aureus strains in this study, 31.8% were able to produce biofilm. In general, compared to biofilm-negative isolates, a higher percentage of biofilm-positive strains showed antibiotic resistance to antibiotics used, except for tylosin, cefazolin, and enrofloxacin. Resistance or susceptibility to penicillin, lincomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, oxacillin, methicillin and vancomycin was significantly distinct (P<0.05) between biofilm-positive and negative strains. Positive and negative biofilm groups demonstrated the highest sensitivity against enrofloxacin and cefazolin - most of biofilm-positive (85.7% and 77.1%, respectively) and biofilm-negative isolates (75.4% and 63.1%, respectively) were susceptible to these antibiotics. The present investigation revealed that a high percentage of S. aureus isolates causing bovine mastitis in Iran can form biofilms, so a practical therapeutic approach should be considered.
Sinitic Buddhism in Xixia: Aspects of Tangut Huayan
Authors: Solonin Kirill , Gao Yipeng
Published: September 2024

This paper addresses several important aspects of the historical spread of the Huayan and Chan Buddhist teachings in the Tangut state, and traces local developments of Chan and Huayan thought among the Tang-uts. These developments, as they emerge from the received texts, indicate not only local developments in Xixia, but also provide broader implications for the study of Sinitic Buddhism in Northern China and Central Asia during 11th–13th centuries. The core of the paper concerns Tangut Huayan commentaries, the Huayan lineage composed by Yixing Huijue, Tangut recensions of texts authored by Guifeng Zongmi and the Tangut texts of Hongzhou Chan Buddhism.
The importance of biochemical indicators in determining male infertility
Authors:   Department of Biological Chemistry of Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Nazarova Gunay Elshan
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Recently, infertility has become a global problem and the frequency of the “male” factor in family infertility has reached 40-50%. The aim of the research is to investigate the role of some biochemical indicators (endocrine factors and fructose) in determining male infertility. Material and methods. In the study, the spermogram of 101 men aged 20–46 with idiopathic male infertility, the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin and testosterone hormones in their blood, and the concentration of fructose in their sperm samples were analyzed, and their correlations were determined. Results. The concentration of FSH in the blood serum of men with asthenozoospermia and oligozoospermia increased statistically significantly by 57.7% and 2.4 times, respectively, compared to the control. More serious endocrinological disorders were recorded in men with azoospermia. In men with non-obstructive azoospermia, the concentration of FSH is 8.8 times, that of LH is 2.9 times; while prolactin increased by 89.0% compared to the control, testosterone concentration decreased by 22.9%. The fructose concentration in the oligozoospermia group compared to the control group increased by 60.8% (pH1<0.001), and in the non-obstructive azoospermia group by 2.0 times (pH1=0.001). A positive correlation between FSH and LH and a negative correlation between fructose concentration and forward motility of spermatozoa were determined in both asthenospermic and oligozoospermic patients (ρ=0.544; p=0.002). In case of non-obstructive azoospermia, FSH and prolactin, in azoospermia, LH and testosterone were directly proportional. Conclusion. During male infertility, there is a serious relationship between sperm indicators and endocrine disorders. An increase in the concentration of fructose is the main indicator of a decrease in the number and motility of spermatozoa. A high concentration of FSH and LH in men with azoospermia can be considered one of the important indicators in the diagnosis of non-obstructive azoospermia.
The importance of ultrasonography examination in renal abscesses in pediatric patients
Authors:   Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Kowalczyk Katarzyna ,   Clinical Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 Saint Jadwiga Queen in Rzeszów, Poland, Ożóg Katarzyna ,   Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University,   Clinical Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 Saint Jadwiga Queen in Rzeszów, Poland, Klęba Joanna ,   Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University,   Clinical Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 Saint Jadwiga Queen in Rzeszów, Poland, Kucharska-Miąsik Iwona ,   Clinical Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 Saint Jadwiga Queen in Rzeszów, Poland, Guzik Anna ,   Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University,   Pediatric Surgery and Urology Clinic, Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 Saint Jadwiga Queen in Rzeszów, Poland, Guz Wiesław ,   Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University,   Clinical Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 2 Saint Jadwiga Queen in Rzeszów, Poland
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Renal abscess is a rare finding in the pediatric population, estimated at 0.2% of all intra-abdominal abscesses. The most common manifestations are fever, flank pain and simultaneously increased inflammatory markers in laboratory tests. Symptoms of this condition are non-specific and can be dismissed with other pathologies like renal tumor. Although the management is based on widespread antibiotic therapy, some cases need surgical intervention because of poor general condition and major diameter of abscess (>5 cm). We undertook this study to analyze the ultrasonography findings correlated with the clinical manifestations of renal abscesses in children that can potentially improve detecting renal abscesses in children earlier. Material and methods. We retrospectively studied 9 patients with renal abscesses treated in our hospital. Results. All patients were diagnosed with renal abscesses based on ultrasonography (US) examination and each of them had elevated inflammatory parameters at the time of admission. For treatment, all patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics and two of them were treated with surgical drainage. All study group recovered completely or received a reduction of abscesses diameters. The renal abscesses were monitored by ultrasonography. Conclusion. In our study, we assessed the usefulness of the US examination for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in pediatric patients. Ultrasonography is a gold standard due to its wide availability, noninvasiveness and low price. It also allows for immediate diagnosis, which is crucial to institute proper treatment. Treatment of abscesses depends on the clinical condition of the patient, other comorbidities, imaging presentation and the size of the abscess.
Alcohol and nicotine use among Polish undergraduate students – the preliminary results
Authors:   Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland, Kawalec Agata
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. “DiSCO” (Dietary Supplements Consumption of Undergraduate Students) study aimed to characterize the chosen elements of lifestyle among university students, including alcohol consumption and nicotine use. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study was realized in cooperation with Italian Universities. The anonymous online survey was conducted from 01.02.2022 to 30.06.2023 among 294 Polish students (age range: 19-37): 202 women (mean age: 21.77; median: 21; SD: 2.46) and 92 men (mean age: 22.73; median: 22; SD: 2.89). The statistical analysis was performed with the use of Excel (Fisher’s exact test; Chi2 test; a significance level p<0.05) Results. 89.8% of students consumed alcohol in the last six months. 36.7% of students used tobacco products in the last year. The analysis of the frequency and type of nicotine products used and the frequency and circumstances of alcohol consumption by students did not reveal any significant differences among the sexes and age groups (p>0.05). Most of the students declared to occasionally use nicotine products (up to 3 times a week), most often traditional cigarettes or shredded tobacco. Most students consume alcohol 2–4 times a month, most often regardless of the meals. Conclusion. Alcohol consumption and nicotine use among Polish students are similar in both sexes.
Acute myocarditis mimicking ST – elevation myocardial infarction in a young adult with pharyngitis – a case report
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Patras “Agios Andreas”, Patra, Greece, Christou Andreas , Kaperonis Alexandros ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Veskoukis Nikolaos ,   Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Patras “Agios Andreas”, Patra, Greece
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Acute myocarditis (AM) is a life-threatening inflammatory disease that manifests with a highly variable range of clinical symptoms, sometimes mimicking those of myocardial infarction. The aim of this report was to describe the diagnostic challenges of AM. Description of the case. A 22-years old male previously diagnosed with pharyngitis arrived in the emergency room (ER) with retrosternal chest pain. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ST elevation in inferior and posterior leads and reciprocal changes with ST depression in anterolateral leads. Laboratory tests revealed elevated cardiac enzymes and bedside echocardiogram (ECHO) revealed hypokinesis of the inferior wall. Initial diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was made. Coronary angiogram showed normal epicardial coronary arteries and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) revealed subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Conclusion. This case was proven challenging due to the unusual ECG and ECHO findings, mimicking inferoposterior STEMI. The need for available angiography and CMRI was mandatory for the final diagnosis of AM.
Improving diabetes mellitus care in Nigeria – health promotion and education perspectives
Authors:   Department of Public Health, Achievers University Owo, Ondo State Nigeria, Agofure Otovwe , Abiodun Oluwafunmilayo Oluwaseun ,   Department of Nursing Science, Achievers University Owo, Ondo State Nigeria, Oyewole Oyediran Emmanuel ,   Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. In this review, we suggest ways to improve diabetes mellitus (DM) care in Nigeria from a Health Promotion and Education (HPE) perspective by addressing the gap in DM care through the adoption of strategies from the Ottawa Charter and National Health Promotion Policy (NHPP) guidelines. Material and methods. This review conducted a comprehensive literature search on Africa Journal Online, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, from 1986 to 2023, using relevant keywords. Analysis of the literature. The adoption of the Ottawa charter and NHPP remains a key strategy in addressing the gap in DM care in Nigeria. This could be achieved by the adoption of population-focused multi-sectoral interventions encompassing legislation, regulation, and fiscal measures, creating sustaining and expanding health-promoting environments to reduce modifiable risk factors, and reorienting the primary health care services to aid the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of DM patients. Conclusion. This review concluded that the government and other critical stakeholders should adopt the HPE strategies that covers increased financing, strict legislation on DM modifiable risk factors, reorientation of the primary healthcare system, and capacity building for HPE practitioners into DM care in Nigeria as a strategy to improving DM care and prevention in Nigeria.
Surgery experiences of patients with hematologic cancer, individual applications for the symptoms due to chemotherapy and determination of the anxiety levels
Authors:   Institute of Health Science, Nursing Department, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye, Yiğit Gülcan , Aygin Dilek ,   Institute of Health Science, Nursing Department, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. The aim of the study was to determine the surgical experiences of patients with hematologic cancer, their anxiety levels, and their individual practices regarding the symptoms they experience. Material and methods. The study was conducted by face-to-face interviews with 74 patients followed up in a hematology clinic. The “Patient information form” and “Beck Anxiety Scale” were administered to the patients before chemotherapy, and the “Questionnaire Form Including Patients Practices for Symptoms” was administered after chemotherapy. Results. The mean age of the participants was 63.76±15.1 years, 47.3% were female, 47.3% were diagnosed with lymphoma, 67.6% had undergone surgery, and 32% received education. The mean Beck Anxiety Scale score was 11.36±7.99 and was considered mild anxiety. A significant difference was observed between education and employment status and postoperative education status, gender and hair loss, employment status and anorexia, scale score and employment status, and the effect of COVID-19 on chemotherapy (p<0.05). Conclusion. It was determined that patients with hematological cancer had a low levels of knowledge about surgical procedures and they did not perform any negative practice due to chemotherapy. Their anxiety levels were mild and the pandemic process was effective on anxiety.
The impact of an educational game on rational drug use and society’s attitudes towards the role of nurses
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Türkiye, Dolu İlknur
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Despite critical role of nurses in managing medication1, public perspectives of the role nurses play in rational drug use is still unclear. The study aimed to asess the impact of the “HEALTHgain” game, an educational tool, on enhancing individual comprehension of proper medication usage and their perceptions of the significance of the contributions of nurses in society. Material and methods. This pretest-post-test, randomized control study took place betweenn May and November 2022 in Turkey. Two-hundred and thirty seven individuals aged 18 years and above were recruited. Results. The “HEALTHgain” game had a noteworthy impact on the knowledge of rational drug usage (F(1)=45.739, p<0.001) and attitudes of society towards a nurse’s role in rational drug use between the baseline and end measurements after 14-day of playing the game (F(1)=283.434, p<0.001). Morover, there were a significant improvement in both intervention and control group knowledge level of rational drug use between the initial and final assessments after a two-week period of game play, though it had not been presented in any table (t=-3.824, p<0.001 for control group; t=-35.492, p<0.001 for intervention group). Conclusion. The study recommends that enhancing the game through contributions from various disciplines could elevate the rational use of medical knowledge and positively influence individual attitudes toward the role of nurses.
Knowledge, risk perception and utilization of hepatitis B vaccine among youths in a semi-urban area in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Oyasope Beatrice Tomisin , Atibioke Oluyemi Peter ,   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Dipeolu Isaac Oluwafemi ,   Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Hepatitis B is a chronic liver disease responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of hepatitis B vaccine, the incidence of disease is increasing. This study was designed to investigate the knowledge, risk perception, and utilization of hepatitis B vaccine among youths in the Ido Local Government Area, Oyo state, Nigeria. Material and methods. A cross-sectional survey design was adapted, and 422 consenting youths were recruited. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. A 19-point knowledge scale was used; scores ≤6, >6–12, and >12– 19 were considered poor, fair and good knowledge, respectively. Risk perception was measured on a 14-point scale, with scores ≤7 and >7 as poor and good, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact at α0.05. Results. Respondents were 26.6±3.5 years, and 56.2% were females. Only 13.7% had good knowledge of hepatitis B, and 53.2% had a good perception of hepatitis B infection. Moreover, 48.9% had received at least one dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine. A significant association existed between knowledge, risk perception and utilization of hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusion. Knowledge and utilization of hepatitis B vaccine were low among the respondents. Health education programs in the study area are crucial to improving hepatitis B vaccine utilization among youth.
Forecasting software development costs in scrum iterations using ordinary least squares method
Authors: Kharchenko Kostyantyn , Beznosyk Oleksandr , Bulakh Bogdan , Kyriusha Bogdan , Yaremenko Vadym
Published: September 2024

During scrum iterations, it is possible to apply cost forecasting for software testing and operation, if the data from previous iterations are known. Since the data for estimating the scope of work and the deadline within one sprint are accumulated during the project execution, it is possible to use such data to build a forecasting algorithm for the estimated parameters of the subsequent sprints.
The approach is based on refining the assessment provided by the development team and the scrum master in a specific metric. The main parameters for evaluation are the execution time and the amount of work performed. As a result of forecasting, it is possible to obtain clarifications for the team's assessment regarding the scope of work for the next sprint. This estimate is based on planned and actual data from the previous sprints.
The article discusses the method of least squares and the proposed code for a machine learning model based on this method. An example and graphs for iterations in scrum and corresponding forecasting for the next sprints are presented.
The use of the least squares method allows creating a mathematical model that can be adapted to different project conditions, providing flexibility and accuracy in forecasting. For example, the study uses the real data from the previous sprints, which includes the team's resource assessment and actual expenditures. Based on these data, a model was built that demonstrates a high correlation between predicted and actual costs, confirming the effectiveness of using the least squares method.
So, the least squares method is an effective tool for forecasting software development costs in scrum iterations. This method allows development teams to better plan their resources and timelines, contributing to the overall efficiency of the project.
GUÍA METODOLÓGICA MEDIANTE TEP PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA GESTIÓN GASTRONÓMICA
Authors: Ramos Cuadrado Geovanna Estefanía , Barrera Gutiérrez Mayra Isabel
Published: September 2024

Las Tecnologías del Empoderamiento y Participación (TEP) se conforman como herramientas y plataformas digitales que facilitan el acceso a información, la expresión de opiniones, la colaboración y la participación en decisiones educativas, políticas o sociales. Estas tecnologías pueden contribuir a que, en la enseñanza de la gestión gastronómica, se promueva un aprendizaje interactivo y colaborativo. Este artículo propone una guía metodológica que utiliza las TEP como estrategia pedagógica en la enseñanza de la gestión gastronómica. Se espera que esta guía contribuya significativamente a la formación integral de futuros profesionales de la gastronomía, al prepararlos para enfrentar los desafíos del sector con solidez y versatilidad. El estudio asumió un enfoque metodológico mixto, se aplicó una revisión bibliográfica para identificar estrategias aplicables, seguida del desarrollo de una guía metodológica. Luego, se evaluó la guía mediante el método Delphi, a través de una encuesta a un panel de 6 expertos para asegurar su pertinencia y eficacia en el contexto educativo. En los resultados, la guía integró métodos pedagógicos innovadores y tecnologías emergentes para desarrollar competencias clave en gestión gastronómica. Además, la evaluación de expertos respaldó su credibilidad y potencial para mejorar la enseñanza en este campo.
Kanser Kök Hücre Proliferasyonunun Akciğer Kanseri Hastalarında Pilot Bir Çalışma ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Seçil , Doğan Sarıkaya Medine , Bağcı Burcu Şen , Beşparmak Elif Afra , Yaşar Elif , Önal Ömer , Canöz Özlem
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Akciğer kanseri kansere bağlı ölümlerin başında gelmektedir. Heterojen yapıdaki tümörler içinde nispeten küçük bir popülasyona sahip olan kanser kök hücreler (KKH), tedaviye dirençten ve metastazdan sorumludur. KKH'ler ile ilgili deneysel çalışmaların sınırlı sayıda olmasından dolayı bu çalışmada akciğer kanseri hasta KKH'lerinin proliferasyon profilinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri tanısı almış üç farklı metastazı olan hastalardan primer hücre kültürü yapıldı. KKH’ler flow sitometri ile CD133+, CD24-/düşük ve CD44+ biyobelirteçlerine göre izole edildi. İzole edilen kanser kök hücrelerinin in vitro proliferatif potansiyeli 10 gün boyunca değerlendirildi.
Bulgular ve Sonuç: 45-52 yaş arası hastalarda, farklı bölgelere metastazı olan iki hasta ile metastazı olmayan bir hastaya ait toplam 3 hastanın KKH profilleri flow sitometride CD133+, CD24-/düşük ve CD44+ biyobelirteçlerine göre karşılaştırıldığında bu oranlar %0,4 ve %1,3 arasında bulundu. KKH’lerin ikiye katlanma süreleri 49,24 ve 27,48 saat aralığında değiştiği görüldü. Hücre döngüsünü hedefleyen, kanser tedavilerinden kaçabilen KKH’lerin proliferasyon profili beklenildiği gibi durağan ve stabil süreçleri içerdiği gözlemlendi. Tüm hastaların proliferasyon sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında farklı proliferasyon profillerine sahip oldukları görüldü. Bununla birlikte bu pilot çalışmada üç hastanın büyüme eğrisindeki farklılıklar hastaların farklı proliferasyon profiline sahip olduğunu ve kanser tedavisinde kişiye özgü terapilerin kaçınılmaz olduğunu göstermektedir.
Examining alternative provision (AP) in two local authorities in Wales: Rationale, results, and resources
Authors: Bridgeman Jemma
Published: September 2024

As part of a larger ESRC project on the political economies of school exclusions in the UK, this research examines alternative provision (AP). AP is a term used to describe education outside of a mainstream classroom. Pupils can attend AP full-time as an alternative to mainstream education or on a supplementary basis in addition to mainstream education. It can be arranged by a local authority (LA) or a school. AP provides education to young people who do not attend mainstream school; this can be because of school exclusion, physical illness, behavioural issues, mental ill health or additional learning needs (ALN). Where pupils cannot attend school, whether for health reasons or because they have been excluded from school, it is important that they still receive an education. Research explains that the AP sector is a bewildering array of projects. Made up of public, private and third-sector organisations delivering interventions, including vocational, academic, life skills and therapeutic programmes. This research draws on findings from interviews with ten alternative providers with divergent rationales across two LAs in Wales. The three themes emerging from the data analysis undertaken were rationale, results, and resources. There were differences in rationale with educational and vocational providers focusing on qualifications and transition into employment, education, and training and therapeutic, sports and arts-based providers concentrating on building trust, relationships, and life skills. All the providers had challenges measuring the results of their interventions. Providers that worked in schools did not have young people’s contact details to track post-programme transition. Others could track transition to further education, training or employment in the short term but could not capture the longitudinal outcomes. The main finding of this research is that AP providers do not receive enough funding to cover costs, which could be exacerbated by a lack of evidence of effectiveness and clarity about rationales. The way AP programmes are resourced raises questions about the sustainability of provision, third-sector providers struggled to meet the core costs of programmes, private companies tended to be subsidised by more profitable parts of their organisations, and even public providers needed additional funding for activities.
Archwilio darpariaeth amgen mewn dau awdurdod lleol yng Nghymru: Rhesymeg, canlyniadau ac adnoddau
Authors: Bridgeman Jemma
Published: September 2024

Fel rhan o brosiect mwy’r Cyngor Ymchwil Economaidd a Chymdeithasol (ESRC) ar economïau gwleidyddol gwaharddiadau ysgol yn y DU, mae’r ymchwil hwn yn archwilio darpariaeth amgen. Mae darpariaeth amgen yn derm a ddefnyddir i ddisgrifio addysg y tu allan i ystafell ddosbarth brif ffrwd. Gall disgyblion fynychu darpariaeth amgen yn llawn amser fel dewis arall yn lle addysg brif ffrwd neu ar sail atodol ochr yn ochr ag addysg brif ffrwd. Gellir ei threfnu gan awdurdod lleol (ALl) neu ysgol. Mae darpariaeth amgen yn darparu addysg i bobl ifanc nad ydynt yn mynychu ysgol brif ffrwd; gall hyn fod oherwydd gwaharddiad ysgol, salwch corfforol, problemau ymddygiad, salwch meddwl neu anghenion dysgu ychwanegol (ADY). Pan na all disgyblion fynychu’r ysgol, boed hynny am resymau iechyd neu oherwydd eu bod wedi’u gwahardd o’r ysgol, mae’n bwysig eu bod yn dal i gael addysg. Mae ymchwil yn esbonio bod y sector darpariaeth amgen yn gasgliad dryslyd o brosiectau. Mae’n cynnwys sefydliadau cyhoeddus, preifat a’r trydydd sector sy’n darparu ymyriadau, gan gynnwys rhaglenni galwedigaethol, academaidd, sgiliau bywyd a therapiwtig. Mae’r ymchwil hon yn tynnu ar ganfyddiadau cyfweliadau â deg darparwr amgen sydd â rhesymeg wahanol ar draws dau ALl yng Nghymru. Y tair thema a ddaeth i’r amlwg o’r dadansoddiad data a wnaed oedd rhesymeg, canlyniadau ac adnoddau. Roedd gwahaniaethau mewn rhesymeg gyda darparwyr addysgol a galwedigaethol yn canolbwyntio ar gymwysterau a phontio i gyflogaeth, addysg, a hyfforddiant, a darparwyr therapiwtig, chwaraeon a’r celfyddydau yn canolbwyntio ar feithrin ymddiriedaeth, perthnasoedd a sgiliau bywyd. Wynebodd yr holl ddarparwyr heriau wrth fesur canlyniadau eu hymyriadau. Nid oedd gan ddarparwyr a oedd yn gweithio mewn ysgolion fanylion cyswllt pobl ifanc i olrhain pontio ar ôl y rhaglen. Gallai eraill olrhain pontio i addysg bellach, hyfforddiant neu gyflogaeth yn y tymor byr ond ni allent gofnodi’r deilliannau hydredol. Prif ganfyddiad yr ymchwil hwn yw nad yw darparwyr darpariaeth amgen yn derbyn digon o gyllid i dalu’u costau, a gallai diffyg tystiolaeth o effeithiolrwydd ac eglurder ynghylch rhesymeg waethygu hyn. Mae’r ffordd y mae rhaglenni darpariaeth amgen yn cael eu hadnoddau’n codi cwestiynau am gynaliadwyedd y ddarpariaeth - roedd darparwyr trydydd sector yn ei chael hi’n anodd talu costau craidd rhaglenni, roedd cwmnïau preifat yn tueddu i gael cymhorthdal gan rannau mwy proffidiol o’u sefydliadau, ac roedd hyd yn oed darparwyr cyhoeddus angen cyllid ychwanegol ar gyfer eu gweithgareddau.
Adolygiad o ystadegau Llywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer meincnodi Deddf Anghenion Dysgu Ychwanegol a’r Tribiwnlys Addysg 2018
Authors: Marsh Alan J. , Jeans Hayley
Published: September 2024

Mae Deddf Anghenion Dysgu Ychwanegol a’r Tribiwnlys Addysg (Cymru) (ALNET) 2018 yn darparu ar gyfer system statudol newydd i ddiwallu anghenion dysgu ychwanegol (ADY) rhwng 0 a 25 oed. Mae gan y Ddeddf gyfnod gweithredu trosiannol rhwng 2021 a 2025. Bydd Cynlluniau Datblygu Unigol (CDU) yn disodli datganiadau o anghenion addysgol arbennig (AAA) ac maent ar gael i boblogaeth llawer ehangach o ddysgwyr. Nod yr ymchwil hon yw darparu llinell sylfaen feintiol ar gyfer meincnodi’r gweithdrefnau ADY newydd yn y dyfodol. Defnyddiwyd ystadegau swyddogol gan Lywodraeth Cymru (2010–23), o gyffredinrwydd ADY, ar gyfer lefelau cyllid ac ar gyfer apeliadau i Dribiwnlys Addysg Cymru. Mae’r 22 Awdurdod Lleol (ALlau) wedi’u grwpio’n dri chlwstwr tebyg i’w dadansoddi, gan ddefnyddio Mynegai Amddifadedd Lluosog Cymru. Mae’r canfyddiadau’n dangos gwahaniaethau sylweddol, yn enwedig anghyfartaledd mewn gwariant wedi’i gyllidebu ar ddarpariaeth AAA o £25 miliwn, er bod lefel o gynaliadwyedd ar hyn o bryd nad yw’n cael ei brofi yng ngwledydd eraill y DU. Yr her barhaus i Lywodraeth Cymru a llywodraeth leol dros y 25 mlynedd nesaf yw craffu, cynnal cynaliadwyedd ac adolygu gweithrediad y ddeddfwriaeth ADY newydd yn rheolaidd, er mwyn sicrhau tegwch a chysondeb mewn polisi ac ymarfer.
El Sistema de Subsidio Familiar y la protección contra el desempleo: análisis a partir del modelo de intervención social
Authors:   Universidad Libre, Lozano Parra Johan Sebastián , Caballero Palomino Sergio Andrés ,   Universidad Libre, Morantes Franco Carlos Fernando ,   Universidad Libre, Jaimes Melgarejo María Fernanda
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo de investigación plantea como objeto de estudio el sistema de subsidio familiar en el Estado colombiano, que se vislumbra como un modelo proteccionista contra el desempleo. Se planteó como pregunta problema: ¿permite el Sistema de Subsidio Familiar un modelo de intervención social que proteja al trabajador contra el desempleo? Se analiza el marco normativo del Sistema de Subsidio Familiar como modelo de intervención social para el desempleo. La metodología empleada es una básica jurídica-teórica de tipo correlacional, descriptivo, explicativo y analítico. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar los elementos que caracterizan el sistema desde la normatividad y la jurisprudencia. Respecto a la Ley 789 de 2002, se establecieron las funciones propias destinadas para el desempleo. Finalmente, se identificó el modelo de intervención social y cómo el sistema de subsidio familiar es, en sí mismo, una herramienta que potencializa los principios constitucionales y el aparato estatal en pro del beneficio de los trabajadores.