bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE ON THE STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NiTsPc THIN FILMS
Authors: HANI MOHAMMED YARUB , AL-AARAJIY ADDNAN H. , ABDUL-LETTIF AHMED M.
Published: May 2019

Nickel(II) phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (NiTsPc) thin films were deposited on glass substrates at different substrate temperatures ([Formula: see text]) by chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique. The substrate temperature varied from 110∘C to 310∘C in 50∘C steps. The substrate surface temperature is the main parameter that determines the film morphology and properties of the thin films. The structural properties of the deposited NiTsPc thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and from the obtained results, it was shown that depositing thin films using 210∘C as [Formula: see text] results in higher crystallinity. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was employed to obtain the surface topography and to calculate the roughness and grain size. The smoothest thin film surface was obtained when using at 160∘C, while the highest roughness was obtained at 310∘C. The optical properties were investigated by ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and fluorescence spectrophotometer. From the absorption spectra recorded in the wavelength range 190–1100[Formula: see text]nm, two absorption bands were observed, which are known as Soret and Q-band. By observing the absorption spectrum, it can be concluded that the deposited thin films at 110∘C–310∘C have direct energy gap. From Tauc plot relation, the energy gap ([Formula: see text]) was calculated. The values of the energy gap were between 3.05 and 3.14[Formula: see text]eV. It was observed that different [Formula: see text] highly affects the structural and optical properties of the deposited thin films. The crystallinity, grain size, roughness and the optical properties were strongly affected by the different substrate temperatures.
Another Look: The Impact of Multi-Dimensional Corporate Transparency on US Firms’ Market Liquidity and Analyst Forecast Properties
Authors: DeBoskey D. G. , Gillett Peter R.
Published: May 2019

Using a multi-dimensional model of corporate transparency developed by DeBoskey and Gillett (2011) based on disclosure information, intermediary information, earnings quality information, and insider information, this study extends their findings to examine whether corporate transparency has significant power to explain cross-sectional variation in market liquidity (measured by bid-ask spreads and market depth) and analyst forecast properties (measured by analyst forecast accuracy and analyst forecast dispersion). We find that: (i) market depth and analyst forecast dispersion are significantly associated with public disclosure information transparency; (ii) market depth, forecast dispersion and forecast error are significantly associated with intermediary information transparency; and (iii) relative bid-ask spreads is signficantly associated with earnings quality information. Our findings offer an extended view of the impact of corporate transparency on a set of criterion variables expanded beyond firm-level ones to include market participants such as dealers/specialists who rely to some extent on company-provided information.
An Optimal Reconstruction of Chebyshev–Halley-Type Methods with Local Convergence Analysis
Authors: Alshomrani Ali Saleh , Argyros Ioannis K. , Behl Ramandeep
Published: May 2019

Our principle aim in this paper is to present a new reconstruction of classical Chebyshev–Halley schemes having optimal fourth and eighth-order of convergence for all parameters [Formula: see text] unlike in the earlier studies. In addition, we analyze the local convergence of them by using hypotheses requiring the first-order derivative of the involved function [Formula: see text] and the Lipschitz conditions. In addition, we also formulate their theoretical radius of convergence. Several numerical examples originated from real life problems demonstrate that they are applicable to a broad range of scalar equations, where previous studies cannot be used. Finally, a dynamical study of them also demonstrates that bigger and more promising basins of attractions are obtained.
Automatic Fact-Checking Using Context and Discourse Information
Authors: Atanasova Pepa , Nakov Preslav , Màrquez Lluís , Barrón-Cedeño Alberto , Karadzhov Georgi , Mihaylova Tsvetomila , Mohtarami Mitra , Glass James
Published: May 2019

We study the problem of automatic fact-checking, paying special attention to the impact of contextual and discourse information. We address two related tasks: (
i
) detecting check-worthy claims and (
ii
) fact-checking claims. We develop supervised systems based on neural networks, kernel-based support vector machines, and combinations thereof, which make use of rich input representations in terms of discourse cues and contextual features. For the check-worthiness estimation task, we focus on political debates, and we model the target claim in the context of the full intervention of a participant and the previous and following turns in the debate, taking into account contextual meta information. For the fact-checking task, we focus on answer verification in a community forum, and we model the veracity of the answer with respect to the entire question–answer thread in which it occurs as well as with respect to other related posts from the entire forum. We develop annotated datasets for both tasks and we run extensive experimental evaluation, confirming that both types of information—but especially contextual features—play an important role.
Compiler-Assisted and Profiling-Based Analysis for Fast and Efficient STT-MRAM On-Chip Cache Design
Authors: Sayed Nour , Mao Longfei , Bishnoi Rajendra , Tahoori Mehdi B.
Published: May 2019

Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory (STT-MRAM) is a promising candidate for large on-chip memories as a zero-leakage, high-density and non-volatile alternative to the present SRAM technology. Since memories are the dominating component of a System-on-Chip, the overall performance of the system is highly dependent on that memories. Nevertheless, the high write energy and latency of the emerging STT-MRAM are the most challenging design issues in a modern computing system. By relaxing the non-volatility of these devices, it is possible to reduce the write energy and latency costs, at the expense of reducing the retention time, which in turn may lead to loss of data. In this article, we propose a hybrid STT-MRAM design for caches with different retention capabilities. Then, based on the application requirements (i.e., execution time and memory access rate), program data layout is re-arranged at compilation time for achieving fast and energy-efficient hybrid STT-MRAM on-chip memory design with no reliability degradation. The application requirements have been defined at function granularity based on profiling and compiler-level analysis, which estimate the required retention time and memory access rate, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid STT-MRAM cache combined with profiling-based and compiler-level analysis for the data re-arranging, on average, reduces the write energy per access by 49.7%. At system level, overall static and dynamic energy of the cache are reduced by 8.1% and 44%, respectively, whereas, the system performance has been improved up to 8.1%.
TransPrint: A Method for Fabricating Flexible Transparent Free-Form Displays
Authors: Jensen Walther , Colley Ashley , Häkkilä Jonna , Pinheiro Carlos , Löchtefeld Markus
Published: May 2019

TransPrint is a method for fabricating flexible, transparent free-form displays based on electrochromism. Using screen-printing or inkjet printing of electrochromic ink, plus a straightforward assembly process, TransPrint enables rapid prototyping of displays by nonexperts. The displays are nonlight-emissive and only require power to switch state and support the integration of capacitive touch sensing for interactivity. We present instructions and best practices on how to design and assemble the displays and discuss the benefits and shortcomings of the TransPrint approach. To demonstrate the broad applicability of the approach, we present six application prototypes.
Service Time-Based Region Division in OVSF-Based Wireless Networks with Adaptive LTE-M Network for Machine to Machine Communications
Authors: Balyan Vipin , Saini Davinder S. , Gupta Bhasker
Published: May 2019

The 3GPP standards have presented the LTE-M as one of the main technologies to provide services to Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT applications are usually short-lived applications like smart sensing, surveillance systems for home or businesses, and data uploading applications like metering. In this paper, the proposed architecture of the base station has a LTE interface which assigns resource blocks (RBs) and another 3G interface which is equipped with orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) codes. The IoT devices deployed ubiquitously leads to massive machine type communication, which leads to burst traffic on current cellular services. The IoT devices when assigned large resources will reduce the radio efficiency. The work in this paper assigns OVSF codes available on 3G interface to the IoT devices. The LTE resources are used for IoT devices in case of emergency or when resources of 3G interface are 100% utilized. This will solve the problem of both small data transfer and connectivity requirement of IoT devices. The IoT applications are event-driven and time-bound also, and the resources are also reserved for these applications in the proposed work. The simulations and results show that proposed work increases both network efficiency and capacity.
Sternectomy for Treating Advanced Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Pinheiro Victor Emmanuel Gadelha , Bezerra Bianca Rohsner , Farias Luís Arthur Brasil Gadelha , Araujo Filho Irapuan Teles de , da Fonseca Marcio Ribeiro Studart
Published: May 2019

Introduction. Skin cancer is a rare indication of sternectomy. Our goal is to report the clinical course of seven patients who underwent sternectomy for skin cancer. Methods. The survey data were collected from medical records of patients treated between 2008 and 2018 at Ceará Cancer Institute. Results. All patients had prolonged sunlight exposure and average disease time of two years and age of 60 years. Most patients recovered favorably after treatment with prolonged survival. Conclusion. Sternectomy remains an option with curative purposes for locally advanced skin cancer.
Tunneled Peritoneal Catheter Placement in Palliation of Malignant Ascites: A Study with Two Different Types of Catheters
Authors: Kaya Ahmet , Nas Omer F. , Erdogan Cuneyt
Published: May 2019

Objective(s). Malignant ascites (MA) is abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity and has negative effects on the quality of life. The purpose of this retrospective study is to explore feasibility, safety and efficacy of tunneled peritoneal catheter placement using both peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis catheters in the palliation of MA.Methods. Between October 2013-June 2016, thirty patients with resistent MA underwent tunneled peritoneal catheterisation in our interventional radiology department. Tunneled peritoneal catheter (TPC) was placed in 22 (n=22/30; %73) patients, tunneled hemodialysis catheter (THC) was placed in 8 patients (n=8/30; %27). Routine visits were scheduled for months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the catheterization, and the records were evaluated retrospectively.Results. The overall duration of catheterization varied from 2 to 334 days (mean 66.4 ± 68.5, median: 57 days). Catheters remained intact in 29 patients (96.7%) until the endpoint. There was one (3.3%) malfunctioning catheter among both groups. Overall, four patients developed infection, which were classified into major (n=2/30, %6.7) and minor (n=2/30, %6.7) complications according to SIR criteria.Conclusion. Tunneled peritoneal catheterization using both TPCs and THCs provided a safe method with relatively high patency, and low infection and systemic complication rates in the palliation of MA.
A Case Study of Stevens–Johnson Syndrome-Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS-TEN) Overlap in Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Associated Tracheobronchitis
Authors: Sah Ranjit , Neupane Samikshya , Khadka Shusila , Poudyal Sagar , Paneru Hem Raj , Sah Ranjana , Sah Sanjit , Pant Vivek
Published: May 2019

Stevens–Johnson syndrome is a medical emergency which is characterized by skin and mucosal reaction to the use of certain drugs. Atypical Steven–Johnson syndrome can occur due to various microorganisms and Mycoplasma pneumoniae being one of them. We present a clinical course, diagnosis, and successful management of Steven–Johnson syndrome-toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS-TEN) overlap due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in a 17-year-old Nepalese female. In the resource-limiting country and hospitals where serology and PCR for M. pneumoniae is not easily accessible, a simple bedside cold agglutination test can be done to increase the suspicion of infectious cause (most common M. pneumoniae ) of SJS-TEN overlap. M. pneumoniae infection should be considered in all cases of mucositis, especially in patients having preceding respiratory tract infections (tracheobronchitis).
Mini-Extruder for 3D Magnetoactive Polymer Printing
Authors: Prem Nina , Sindersberger Dirk , Monkman Gareth J.
Published: May 2019

This work describes the development of a new miniature extruder, essential to cavity-free 3D printing of silicone-based smart materials. This makes the 3D printing of magnetoactive and electroactive polymer soft robotic components and devices directly from CAD data possible. The special feature of such an extruder is that it is designed for use with addition-crosslinking RTV-2 silicones, including solid particulate additives. The extruder merges the respective components automatically during extrusion which obviates the need for premixing and vacuum evacuation. Problems associated with inhomogeneities and unwanted cavity production are consequently eliminated. Rheological details necessary to the design, together with some preliminary performance results, are presented.
Viola Moderna: considerações sobre quatro violeiros contemporâneos
Authors: Cury Pedro Pereira
Published: May 2019

Neste trabalho busco refletir sobre a estética da viola instrumental no Brasil nas últimas décadas. Essa reflexão parte da identificação de elementos que foram incorporados nesse universo, apontando para um processo acentuado de modernização pelo qual passa o instrumento desde entornos dos anos 1980. O trabalho edifica a fundação de uma linguagem renovada da viola sobre  a obra de quatro violeiros compositores tidos como referência: Almir Sater, Tavinho Moura, Ivan Vilela e Heraldo do Monte. Abordo também algumas questões históricas uma vez que esse movimento recente de retomada da viola nos meios urbanos é também um processo importante da trajetória do instrumento desde sua chegada no Brasil, ainda no século XVI.
A viola e suas metalinguagens: notação do gesto e aprendizado não formal
Authors: Nogueira Gisela Gomes Pupo
Published: May 2019

O aprendizado da notação musical foi historicamente associado às camadas privilegiadas da sociedade. Assim o descrevem os textos amplamente conhecidos das áreas de História da Música e Musicologia. Temos por certo, contudo, tratarem de um excerto da produção musical, dado que a prática popular excede, em grande número, a das elites. O levantamento histórico das fontes de documentação musical de que se serviram tratou, exclusivamente, da música escrita em notação convencional e, em larga escala, de manuscritos e publicações até fins do século XIX. A partir da institucionalização do aprendizado musical com o advento dos conservatórios, surgiu a demanda por publicações de textos didáticos que uniformizassem o conhecimento musical. De outro lado, as cordas dedilhadas e, particularmente, as guitarras ou violas, serviram à produção musical de todas as camadas da sociedade, desde suas origens árabes, até a difusão pela Europa e por suas colônias. Seu aprendizado se deu por meio não formal, seja pela tradição oral ou não letrada, seja por outras formas de letramento (possivelmente a razão de sua enorme popularidade), desconsideradas naquelas publicações didáticas, à exceção de pequenas citações ao alaúde e às vihuelas. A institucionalização mesma do ensino desses instrumentos ocorreu muito tardiamente em relação aos instrumentos de orquestra e ao piano. Das representações utilizadas nas formas de letramento formal e não formal, a notação da produção instrumental das cordas dedilhadas reúne a notação do gesto, inclusa em um sistema próprio de signos conhecido como Tablaturas, cujos registros mais antigos datam do final do século XV, e Alfabetos Musicais (muito utilizados nos séculos XVII e XVIII). O letramento através dessa notação é, ainda hoje, amplamente utilizado nos meios informais de aprendizado das cordas dedilhadas. A especificidade de tal sistema promoveu a obliteração desses registros históricos dos textos didáticos e do letramento formal até recentemente. A Universidade brasileira ainda não os trouxe à luz.
Liolaemus jamesi (Boulenger, 1891): restriction of the type locality and holotype characterization (Squamata: Liolaemidae)
Authors: TRONCOSO-PALACIOS JAIME , DE GAMBOA MARGARITA RUIZ , CAMPBELL PATRICK D.
Published: May 2019

Liolaemus is one of the most diverse genus of lizards in the world (Esquerré et al. 2013), with 257 species listed in the last review focusing on its diversity (Abdala & Quinteros 2014). Certain species within this genus, especially the earlier ones, were described in very little detail, even lacking an appropriate description of the holotype and/or type locality. This has created uncertainties in the taxonomic identity of several Liolaemus species (Espinoza et al. 2011; Quinteros et al. 2008; Troncoso-Palacios & Garin 2013; Langstroth 2011).
Four new species of Plega Navás, 1928 (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) from Mexico
Authors: ARDILA-CAMACHO ADRIAN , CANCINO-LÓPEZ RODOLFO J. , ACEVEDO FERNANDO , CONTRERAS-RAMOS ATILANO
Published: May 2019

Four new species of Plega Navás, 1928 (Mantispidae: Symphrasinae) from Mexico are herein described and illustrated, namely P. mixteca sp. n. from Oaxaca and Jalisco, P. stangei sp. n. from Morelos and Oaxaca, P. sonorae sp. n. from Sonora, and P. spinosa sp. n. from Guerrero, Jalisco, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, and Veracruz. Including these new species, Plega’s diversity raises to 17 described species, of which 12 are recorded from Mexico, and one of them, Plega variegata Navás, 1928, is herein proposed as nomen dubium. A taxonomic key to the known species of Plega from Mexico is provided.
100 Years of Progress in Ocean Observing Systems
Authors: Davis Russ E. , Talley Lynne D. , Roemmich Dean , Owens W. Brechner , Rudnick Daniel L. , Toole John , Weller Robert , McPhaden Michael J. , Barth John A.
Published: May 2019

The history of over 100 years of observing the ocean is reviewed. The evolution of particular classes of ocean measurements (e.g., shipboard hydrography, moorings, and drifting floats) are summarized along with some of the discoveries and dynamical understanding they made possible. By the 1970s, isolated and “expedition” observational approaches were evolving into experimental campaigns that covered large ocean areas and addressed multiscale phenomena using diverse instrumental suites and associated modeling and analysis teams. The Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE) addressed mesoscale “eddies” and their interaction with larger-scale currents using new ocean modeling and experiment design techniques and a suite of developing observational methods. Following MODE, new instrument networks were established to study processes that dominated ocean behavior in different regions. The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere program gathered multiyear time series in the tropical Pacific to understand, and eventually predict, evolution of coupled ocean–atmosphere phenomena like El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) sought to quantify ocean transport throughout the global ocean using temperature, salinity, and other tracer measurements along with fewer direct velocity measurements with floats and moorings. Western and eastern boundary currents attracted comprehensive measurements, and various coastal regions, each with its unique scientific and societally important phenomena, became home to regional observing systems. Today, the trend toward networked observing arrays of many instrument types continues to be a productive way to understand and predict large-scale ocean phenomena.
Exploring the implications of ‘low visibility’ specialist cyber-crime units
Authors: Harkin Diarmaid , Whelan Chad
Published: May 2019

Using original data gathered within Australia, this paper argues that specialist cyber-policing units experience a pronounced level of low visibility within the police. This low visibility has three key dimensions. Firstly, there is low ‘vertical’ visibility as higher management and supervisors often have a limited understanding of the nature of the work and the needs of these units. Secondly, there is low ‘horizontal’ visibility as peers and colleagues within the wider organisation are similarly lacking in terms of their understanding of cyber-policing. The third dimension of low visibility concerns the external–internal visibility of the units as they relate to outside stakeholders including politics, media, the wider community and the judiciary. It is argued there is also a significant level of disinterest, disengagement and ignorance along this external–internal dimension. The implications of this ‘low visibility’ is explored and it is argued that there are consequences for the effectiveness of the units while also raising concerns around accountability and the overall prospects for progressive change.
Police officers’ implicit theories of youth offending
Authors: Richards Kelly
Published: May 2019

How police understand youth offending at least partly informs their responses to it. It is therefore vital to document police implicit theories about youth offending. However, little previous research has examined this topic. This article addresses this gap by examining police implicit theories about youth crime and how it ought to be addressed. Using social control theory as an analytic framework, it critically examines 41 semi-structured qualitative interviews with police undertaken for a larger study in Queensland, Australia. A number of implications stem from the analysis, not the least of which is the disjuncture between police implicit theories of youth offending, and the localised, historicised and contextual realities of young people’s – especially marginalised young people’s – offending behaviour.
Should I stay or should I go? Multi-focus identification and employee retention in post-acquisition integration
Authors: Steigenberger Norbert , Mirc Nicola
Published: May 2019

Retaining key employees is often one of the most crucial goals when an acquirer buys a target firm. However, what determines whether employees stay or leave once the firm has been bought? This article investigates how organizational and occupational identification influence employee exit intentions. Based on a longitudinal configurational study in two acquired hospitals, our findings challenge the popular belief that identification with the organization consistently increases retention, and we stress the important effect of occupational identification, which has been largely neglected by research on post-acquisition integration. We find that under certain conditions, occupational identification increases employees’ exit intentions but that neither identification with the firm nor identification with the occupation are necessary or sufficient to entice employees to stay or leave. Instead, their effects are contingent on the professionalization of an occupation and the degree to which employees’ expectations have been disappointed. Our findings further suggest that attention is an important mediating mechanism linking identification and exit intentions, as employees focus predominantly on topics that relate to the social entities they most strongly identify with. This article develops theory on the effects of social identification on exit intentions after acquisitions and contributes to research on multi-focus identification and post-acquisition integration.
Low-cost didactic platform for real-time adaptive filtering: Application on noise cancellation
Authors: Beccaro Wesley , dos Santos Rodrigo B , Peres Henrique EM , Justo João F
Published: May 2019

Didactic platforms, used in real-time digital signal processing courses, are generally dedicated digital signal processors or field-programmable gate arrays. These devices are expensive and difficult to program, preventing their widespread use in signal processing courses. On the other hand, the new technology of digital signal controllers, microcontrollers with floating point and mathematical operations, can reduce the cost of dedicated platforms for real-time digital signal processors, facilitating the development of digital signal processors projects and educational applications, such as teaching adaptive filters. Here, we present a low-cost didactic platform for developing real-time adaptive filters using the digital signal processors hardware based on the ARM Cortex-M7 processor. We present the theoretical aspects of the least mean squares and normalized least mean squares algorithms and an experimental script to help students learn real-time adaptive filters. We also describe the platform structure and the performance measurement, in terms of mean square error, signal-to-noise ratio, and computational efficiency. Finally, we present a brief discussion on the use of this platform in classes and the improvement in the student engagement and attendance.
Social Inequalities in Following Official Guidelines on Healthy Diet During the Period of Economic Crisis in Spain
Authors: Díaz-Méndez Cecilia , García-Espejo Isabel
Published: May 2019

In Spanish society, social inequalities continue in connection with diet; however, no data examines whether these inequalities altered during the period of economic crisis. This article aims to analyze trends in inequalities related to adherence to government guidelines concerning healthy diet during the period of economic crisis based on the data obtained from the National Health Surveys conducted by the National Statistics Institute. The approach involves studying first the data from the 2006 survey, shortly before the crisis, and then comparing these with the data from the 2011–2012 survey. Applying models of logistic regression shows that certain social inequalities were accentuated by the crisis. However, the general and widespread pattern of eating habits does not disappear in times of crisis. Inequalities are more commonly seen when socioeconomic factors affect foods that the guidelines indicate should be eaten daily. However, with respect to more expensive products, socioeconomic factors did not have so much negative effect on how far a healthy diet was followed because it is recommended that consumption of these foods should be limited. The results suggest that food policy should have specific focuses during times of economic recession.
Getting Creative With Resources: How Resilience, Task Interdependence, and Emotion Sharing Mitigate the Damage of Employee Role Ambiguity
Authors: De Clercq Dirk
Published: May 2019

This article investigates how employees’ experience of role ambiguity might inhibit their creative behavior but also how this harmful effect might be buffered by employees’ access to relevant individual (resilience), job task (task interdependence), and relational (emotion sharing) resources. The uncertainty resulting from information deficiencies about job responsibilities diminishes in the presence of these resources, such that employees might be less likely to react to this resource-draining work condition by exhibiting a reluctance to develop change-invoking ideas for organizational improvement. Using survey data from employees in a large organization that operates in the renewable energy sector, this study shows that role ambiguity diminishes creative behavior, but this detrimental effect is subdued with higher levels of resilience, task interdependence, and emotion sharing. As this study shows, organizations that cannot avoid ambiguity in their employees’ work roles should adopt efforts to offset the associated challenge of thwarted creative behaviors with pertinent resources.
Micro-computed tomography analysis of natural fiber and bio-matrix tubular-braided composites
Authors: Bruni-Bossio Brianna M , Melenka Garrett W , Ayranci Cagri , Carey Jason P
Published: May 2019

There is an increasing demand for the use of “green”-based materials as reinforcement and matrix materials in composites. However, the ability of these natural-based materials to perform as consistently and reliably as conventional materials is still relatively unknown. A key importance in the viability of these materials is the evaluation of the content of voids and imperfections, which may affect the properties of the entire composite. In this study, the microstructure of tubular-braided composites manufactured from cellulose fibers and a partially bio-derived resin was studied with the use of micro-computed tomography. These methods were used to determine the effect of modifying braid angle, resin type, and curing method on fiber volume fraction, void volume, and void distribution. It was determined that the void content increased with the increase in braid angle, and vacuum-bagging reduced the total void content. The sample with the smallest braid angle produced with vacuum-bagged curing contained a void fraction of 1.5%. The results of this study proved that the materials used could be viable for further testing and development and that micro-computed tomography imaging is valuable for identifying how to improve consistency and minimize imperfections to create more accurate and reliable natural fiber-braided composites.
After the Fall: British Strategy and the Preservation of the Franco-British Alliance in 1940
Authors: Chin Rachel
Published: May 2019

The conclusion of the Franco-German armistice in June 1940, followed by the severing of Franco-British diplomatic relations less than two weeks later, has been viewed by historians as the end of Anglo-French cooperation against the Nazi war machine and the beginning of a resurgence in tensions between two historical rivals. However, my research argues that in the days and weeks surrounding the French defeat the British government followed a policy of continuity in its depictions of the Anglo-French relationship. It did so by publically distancing the bulk of the metropolitan French population from Marshal Philippe Pétain’s government. Shining a light on these British policies provides new insights into a number of crucial points. First: the assumption that once victory was achieved, France would assume a place in the victor’s circle. Maintaining, rhetorically at least, the indivisibility of the French population with British war aims was thus crucial to the survival of the long-term and ultimately post-war Anglo-French relationship. Second: these early claims of the non-representativeness of Pétain’s government are important because they suggest that the construction of the French myth of resistance began much earlier and was in fact born out of the idea of Anglo-French cooperation rather than conflict.
A Comparative Analysis of Influences on Choosing a Music Teaching Occupation
Authors: Rickels David A. , Hoffman Edward C. , Fredrickson William E.
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare motivations and influences of high school music students who express an interest in a career in music teaching and those who do not. A previous survey was adapted for the study and administered to a pre-college population that included musicians who stated a preference to pursue music teaching or other music careers and musicians who stated a preference for other nonmusic occupations. Items were analyzed using a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) data reduction strategy, which used a principal components analysis as a first step to determine item loadings onto orthogonal components. The three occupation groups (music teaching, other music, and other nonmusic) were then compared using a discriminant analysis of the resulting components. The model correctly classified 69.8% of cases, with one significant component primarily separating both music groups from the nonmusic career group and three additional significant components separating the music teaching group from the other music careers group. Using this model, the choice of an occupation appears multidimensional, and discrete sources of influence (e.g., music teachers and music teaching experiences explored in prior studies) are not necessarily individually predictive of the overall choice to pursue music teaching.
Combination of ketamine and xylazine with opioids and acepromazine in rats: Physiological changes and their analgesic effect analysed by ultrasonic vocalization
Authors: Alemán-Laporte Jilma , Bandini Luciana A , Garcia-Gomes Mariana SA , Zanatto Dennis A , Fantoni Denise T , Amador Pereira Marco A , Navas-Suárez Pedro E , Kirsten Thiago Berti , Jimenez Randall R. , Alvarado Gilbert , Mori Claudia Cabrera
Published: May 2019

In this study, the effect of four anaesthetic protocols that included the combination of xylazine (X) and ketamine (K) with acepromazine (A) and opioids (methadone (Me), morphine (Mo) or tramadol (T)) was evaluated in laboratory rats of both sexes. Ultrasonic vocalization (USV) was used as an indicator of pain during the recovery period. The objective was to evaluate the physiological parameters and the analgesic effect of each protocol to determine which protocol was the safest and fulfil the requirements of a balanced anaesthesia. The better protocols were the XKA protocol for both sexes and the XKMe protocol for females because the combinations achieve surgical plane of anaesthesia in rats. However, pain assessment during the formalin test revealed that rats anaesthetized with XKA produced more numbers of USV, suggesting that it is not a good protocol for the control of immediate postoperative pain. All protocols produced depression in body temperature and respiratory and heart rates, and had important effects, such as micturition and maintenance of open eyes. Only rats anaesthetized with XKA protocol did not present piloerection. These results demonstrated that good monitoring and care during anaesthesia must be included to prevent complications that compromise the life of the animal and to ensure a good recovery. The inclusion of analgesia in anaesthesia protocols must be used routinely, ensuring minimal presence of pain and thus more reliable results in the experimental procedures.
The Development of Autobiographical Memory, Autobiographical Narratives, and Autobiographical Consciousness
Authors: Nelson Katherine , Fivush Robyn
Published: May 2019

In this article, we expand on aspects of autobiographical memory initially laid out in our earlier exposition of the sociocultural developmental model. We present a developmental account of the integration of an extended subjective perspective within an extended narrative framework both of which are mediated through language and shared cultural narratives that culminate in autobiographical consciousness. Autobiographical consciousness goes beyond simple memories of past events to create a sense of extended self through time that has experienced and reflexively evaluated events. We argue from philosophical, evolutionary, and developmental psychological perspectives that narratives are a critical form of human consciousness, and that this form is learned through everyday social interactions that are linguistically mediated. Language has “double-duality” in that it is both outward facing, allowing more explicit, organized and differentiated communication to and with others, and language is also inward facing, in that language provides tools for organizing and differentiating internal consciousness. Although consciousness itself is multifaceted, we argue that language is the mechanism without which this particular form of human autobiographical consciousness would not develop.
Use, Adaptivity, and Need Fulfillment: A Methodological Critique of Tests of the Functions of Autobiographical Memory
Authors: Beike Denise R. , Merrick Carmen R. , Cole Holly E.
Published: May 2019

In this article, we champion the study of autobiographical memory functions. We review the proposed functions and how they have been investigated. We describe seven commonly used research designs. We argue that although each design offers unique benefits, none of these designs is ideally suited to test the functional nature of autobiographical memory with high internal validity. We stress that each design does have a unique set of benefits in the exploration of autobiographical memory and none should be abandoned. However, we encourage researchers interested in function in particular to consider designs that will illuminate the use, adaptivity, and fulfillment of needs that is inherent in the definition of function.
Robotic cholecystectomy for duplicated gallbladder
Authors: Fung Andrew KY , Fai Lee Kit , CN Chong Charing , Lai Paul BS
Published: May 2019

Introduction

Duplication of gallbladder is a rare congenital condition. We describe a patient who underwent robotic cholecystectomy for duplicated gallbladder with symptomatic gallstones.

Conclusion

Surgeons performing cholecystectomies must be aware of duplicated gallbladders and robotic cholecystectomy is a feasible option for such patients.
Living Arrangements and Sleep-Related Outcomes Among Older Adults in China
Authors: Lee Yen-Han , Chang Yen-Chang , Chiang Timothy , Liu Ching-Ti , Shelley Mack
Published: May 2019

It has been discussed previously that older adults’ living arrangements are associated with mortality. This study investigated the relationships between older adults’ living arrangements and sleep-related outcomes in China. The nationally representative sample included 4,731 participants who participated on two different occasions, with a total of 9,462 observations (2012 and 2014 waves). Panel logistic regression and panel ordinary least squares regression models were estimated with outcomes of sleep quality and average hours of sleep daily, respectively. Approximately 62% of individuals reported good quality of sleep. We observed that older adults who lived with family members had 17% greater odds of reporting good quality of sleep (adjusted odds ratio = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [1.03, 1.34], p < .05) and reported longer sleep duration daily (β = .334, standard error = .069, p < .01), compared with those who lived alone. Social support is needed to strengthen the residential relationship, especially with family members.
Olfactory Dysfunction in β Thalassemia Major Patients Treated With Iron-Chelating Agents
Authors: Derin Serhan , Erdogan Selvet , Sahan Murat , Azik Mehmet Fatih , Derin Hatice , Topal Yasar , Topal Hatice
Published: May 2019

Ocular and ophthalmological adverse effects may be seen in β-thalassemia major (BTM) patients treated with regular blood transfusions and iron-chelating agents. We hypothesized that olfactory dysfunction may be present in this population. In this study, we aimed to investigate olfactory dysfunction in patients with BTM and determine the etiological factors. A total of 43 patients with BTM were included in the study. Forty-three patients without any nasal complaints, history of facial trauma, or nasal surgery were included as the controls. All participants had nasal endoscopy. The iron-chelating agents used, their duration of use, as well as hemoglobin and ferritin levels of the BTM patients were recorded. Sniffin’ Sticks test (SST) was used to assess olfactory functions, and BTM and control groups were compared for the results. The correlations of SST scores with the other study parameters were analyzed. Eight (18.6%) of 43 patients in the BTM group had hyposmia while none of the patients in the control group had hyposmia ( P < .001). Older age, low-hemoglobin level, and longer use of deferoxamine were found to be correlated with olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory dysfunction may be seen in BTM patients treated with iron-chelating agents. The results of this study suggest that screening for olfactory function may be needed in routine follow-up of BTM patients.
Individualized Instructional Delivery Options: Adapting Technology-Based Interventions for Students With Attention Difficulties
Authors: Shanley Lina , Strand Cary Mari , Turtura Jessica , Clarke Ben , Sutherland Marah , Pilger Marissa
Published: May 2019

Students who demonstrate mathematics difficulties (MDs) in the early grades are at risk of poor educational outcomes. Fortunately, strategic early mathematics intervention programs can improve academic outcomes for students with MDs, and instructional technology has demonstrated promise in delivering targeted and individualized mathematics instruction. However, it is unclear whether instructional technology is effective for all students, and there is a dearth of research on adaptations to technology-based interventions for students with difficulties attending to instruction. To this end, the current study investigated functional relations between the use of targeted instructional cueing and self-regulation support features in an iPad-based mathematics program and improved response accuracy for kindergarten students. Results presented here suggest a functional relation between the provision of instructional cueing and self-regulation support features and improved response accuracy for students who participated in an iPad-based mathematics intervention program. Implications for early mathematics instruction and technology-based intervention development are discussed.
Comparison of high and low molar activity TSPO tracer [18F]F-DPA in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Keller Thomas , López-Picón Francisco R , Krzyczmonik Anna , Forsback Sarita , Takkinen Jatta S , Rajander Johan , Teperi Simo , Dollé Frédéric , Rinne Juha O , Haaparanta-Solin Merja , Solin Olof
Published: May 2019

[18F]F-DPA, a novel translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO)-specific radioligand for imaging neuroinflammation, has to date been synthesized with low to moderate molar activities (Am’s). In certain cases, low Am can skew the estimation of specific binding. The high proportion of the non-radioactive component can reduce the apparent-specific binding by competitively binding to receptors. We developed a nucleophilic synthesis of [18F]F-DPA resulting in high Am (990 ± 150 GBq/µmol) and performed in vivo comparison with low Am (9.0 ± 2.9 GBq/µmol) [18F]F-DPA in the same APP/PS1-21 and wild-type mice (injected masses: 0.34 ± 0.13 µg/kg and 38 ± 15 µg/kg, respectively). The high level of microgliosis in the APP/PS1-21 mouse model enables good differentiation between diseased and healthy animals and serves better to distinguish the effect of differing Am on specific binding. The differing injected masses affect the washout profile and shape of the time–activity curves. Ratios of standardized uptake values obtained with high and low Am [18F]F-DPA demonstrate that there is a 1.5-fold higher uptake of radioactivity in the brains of APP/PS1-21 animals when imaging is carried out with high Am [18F]F-DPA. The differences between APP/PS1-21 and wild-type animals showed higher significance when high Am was used.
Using A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI) to predict risk of metabolic syndrome in Peruvian adults
Authors: Stefanescu Andrei , Revilla Luis , Lopez Tania , Sanchez Sixto E. , Williams Michelle A. , Gelaye Bizu
Published: May 2019

Objective

We examined the ability of anthropometric measures to predict the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Peruvian adults.

Methods

Participants were 1,815 Peruvian adults. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI) and Visceral Adiposity Index were examined. MetS components were defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios of MetS and MetS components in relation to increases in anthropometric measures. Receiver operating characteristic curves (and area under the curve) were calculated to compare each measure’s power to predict MetS and MetS components.

Results

BRI performed similar to or better than BMI and WC at predicting MetS and MetS components. ABSI underperformed other measures. In men, the odds of MetS and its components increased with unit increases in the anthropometric measures (e.g. a unit increase in BRI was associated with 2.43-fold increased odds of MetS; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95–3.02). A similar association was found for women (odds ratio: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.68–2.12).

Conclusion

Our study is the first to identify BRI as a potentially useful clinical predictor of MetS in Peruvian adults.
Half-dose thrombolytic therapy in patients with right heart thrombi
Authors: Moosavi Jamal , Shafe Omid , Alizadehasl Azin , Parsaee Mozhgan , Sadeghpour Anita , Khesali Fahimeh , Pouraliakbar Hamid Reza , Kalantari Kiara Rezaei , Farrashi Melody , Fesharaki Mehrdad Jafari , Sadeghipour Parham
Published: May 2019

The management of floating right heart thrombi (FRHT) in patients with acute pulmonary emboli is controversial. Several recent case series have revealed similar efficacy and better survival rates with systemic thrombolytic therapy than with surgery. In this case series, we present our experience with the efficacy of “half-dose” or “safe-dose” thrombolytic therapy in the resolution of FRHT. Five patients who were admitted with confirmed acute pulmonary emboli and FRHT were included in the present report. Half-dose thrombolytic therapy (50 mg of alteplase) was administered to the patients. Follow-up echocardiography revealed complete resolution of the FRHT and considerable improvement in the right heart function. No bleeding events were recorded. Our small case series shows the efficacy and safety of half-dose thrombolytic therapy in FRHT resolution in a group of patients with high bleeding risk. Our findings should be tested in larger populations.
Combination therapy with beraprost sodium and aspirin for acute ischemic stroke: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Cai De , Chen Xiao-Pu , Wei Dun-Can , Zhang Qian , Chen Si-Qia , He Wen-Zhen
Published: May 2019

Objectives

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the combination of beraprost sodium (BPS) and aspirin in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods

There were 384 patients with AIS enrolled in this single-center, retrospective study. The BPS group comprised patients who received combination therapy with BPS and aspirin, and the control group comprised those who received only aspirin. Primary measurements were glomerular filtration rate (GFR), cystatin-c (Cys-C), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, modified activities of daily living index (MBI), modified Rankin scale (mRS), and blood coagulation indexes. Recurrence and adverse events were recorded.

Results

There were no significant differences in patient characteristics at baseline between the two groups. GFR and Cys-C levels increased in the BPS group compared with the control group. After treatment, the NIHSS and mRS score were significantly lower in the BPS group compared with the control group, whereas the MBI scores were significantly higher in the BPS group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in blood coagulation between the two groups. There were no serious adverse events in either group.

Conclusions

Combination therapy with BPS and aspirin may be a safe and effective treatment for AIS.