bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unidade Demonstrativa de confinamento Compost Barn em pequena propriedade de atividade leiteira, no município de Douradina-MS
Authors: Muniz Elaine Barbosa , Gonçalves Thamiris Wolff , Oliveira Euclides Reuter , Menegat Alzira Salete , Gabriel Andréa Maria de Araújo , Gandra Jefferson Rodrigues , Peixoto Eduardo Lucas Terra , Marques Orlando Filipe Costa , Durães Hellén Felicidade , Silva Janaina Tayna , Neves Nathálie Ferreira , De Lima Brasilino Moreira , Alves Rosilane Teixeira , Pereira Danielle Sabrina Manganelli
Published: February 2022

Atualmente existem diversos tipos de sistema de criação para bovinos, como o pasto em semiconfinamento e confinamento. O sistema de confinamento é muito utilizado no Brasil na produção de leite, trazendo bem-estar aos animais, resultando em maior produtividade. Com isso, produtores rurais vêm optando pelo sistema Compost Barn (celeiro de compostagem). Objetivou-se com este trabalho apresentar os resultados obtidos com uma ação de extensão universitária com base no confinamento Compost Barn, desenvolvido por professores e alunos da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD). A atividade foi realizada no sítio Nossa Senhora do Abadia, localizado no município de Douradina – MS, que tem como principal atividade a produção de leite. A parceria para a ação ocorreu ao se implantar um sistema Compost Barn com capacidade para 30 vacas, em um barracão coberto,  tendo uma área de descanso com palha de arroz, maravalha ou serragem para os animais, sendo separado por um corredor dos cochos e bebedouros. Inicialmente, foi realizada a pesagem do leite de cada vaca sendo, então, incorporada no confinamento as que apresentaram maior produção e as não diagnosticadas com mastite. Foi fornecida alimentação de silagem misturada com concentrado nos períodos da manhã e tarde. Os bezerros foram separados de suas mães no primeiro dia e receberam leite por meio de mamadeira. Os resultados da ação de extensão demonstraram que a implantação do Compost Barn possibilitou aumento da produtividade, sendo que: as vacas passaram a produzir mais leite, a incidência de carrapatos diminuiu e não ocorria disputa pelo alimento, já que havia disponibilidade de maior de área de cocho e alimento em abundância. A ocorrência de casos de mastite foi menor, além da proteção contra o excesso de chuva e sol, evitando problemas com laminite. O conforto animal também gerou aumento na produção de leite, além de  possibilitar o controle da produção, do consumo e do ambiente, beneficiando, assim, o produtor rural. A ação também trouxe benéficos para a formação extensionista dos discentes, aprimorando seus conhecimentos com a vivência prática. Propiciou, ainda, avaliar um modelo de produção a ser a implantado em outras  localidades, como no grupo quilombola e de assentados que, devido à pandemia, não puderam visitar a unidade, mas puderam assistir ao vídeo gravado e editado. Os resultados deste trabalho fomentaram a realização de cursos junto a outros grupos assistidos com ações de extensão, sendo divulgado em reuniões com pequenos produtores, assentados e quilombolas, multiplicando o alcance da ação.
The bullet caucus: from the national congress to social media
Authors: Benetti Pedro Rolo , Alvarez Marcos César
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the discourses of congresspeople elected in 2018 as part of the so-called bullet caucus. To achieve this goal, we first explore the conditions that allowed this group to rise. While elections belong to the world of institutional politics, a number of social trends, both in Brazil and internationally, informed the creation of a distinctive identity by those congresspeople. Discourses attacking human rights and that have circulated in Brazil since the last democratic transition deserve special attention. Following this initial contextualization, we then discuss the arguments these congresspeople mobilized on social media during the 2018 election campaign, seeking to understand how they refer to issues such as violence, conflict, and human rights.
Human Rights Foreign Policy Under Bolsonaro: Pleasing The Conservative Constituency
Authors: Monte Déborah Silva do , Hernandez Matheus de Carvalho
Published: February 2022

Why is it difficult for Brazilian civil society organizations to stop the shift of Brazil’s positions in international human rights arenas? Why does the human rights dimension of Brazilian foreign policy suffer from the changes brought by Bolsonaro’s government? Based on new rational choice institutionalism and of foreign policy analysis, this study analyzes Bolsonaro’s human rights foreign policy, with a special focus on gender issues. Our hypotheses are that (1) Bolsonaro’s illiberal government, based on conservative and anti-human-rights positions of his constituency, instrumentalizes foreign policy because it allows him space to be more ideological and less pragmatic; and (2) the international arena is nestedwithin the electoral arena (the most important one), and the main objective of international inflections in the human rights issues of the Bolsonaro government is to please and energize Bolsonaro’s most conservative electorate. From these two hypotheses, we argue these changes are linked with a reconfiguration of the responsiveness of Brazilian foreign policy to societal pressures, privileging evangelical conservative organizations at the expense of progressive human rights organizations.
Sobre Invención de la Nación en Borges y Marechal. Nacionalismo, liberalismo y populismo, de Mariela Blanco
Authors: Navascués Martín Javier de
Published: February 2022

Reseña del libro Invención de la Nación en Borges y Marechal. Nacionalismo, liberalismo y populismo, de Mariela Blanco.
Peran Perbankan Syariah terhadap UMKM Selama Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Medan)
Authors: Ritonga Nasrun , Sinaga Riny Viri Insy
Published: February 2022

Bank Syariah Indonesia performs the function of a bank as a place to save and distribute funds from the public to assist development in Indonesia. The existence of a bank is also highly dependent on the public's trust. The higher the public trust, the higher the public awareness to save their money in the bank and use other services from the bank. Small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the leading driving forces in the development of the manufacturing industry.

The movement of the MSME sector is vital for creating economic growth and employment. This study aims to determinethe role of Islamic banking in MSME actors during the COVID-19 pandemic, this research was conducted at Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Ahmad Yani Medan. Research is using the methods of descriptive kualitatif and data used are primary data. Instruments that are used in primary data. Instruments that are used in primary data are interviews with speakers from Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Ahmad Yani Medan. From the research it can be known that Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Ahmad Yani Medan helped distribute the programs of government, namely Kredit Usaha Rakyak (KUR) to encourage perpetrators of MSMEs in future pancemic, wirh the help of customers who already receive disbursement of funds financing before a pandemic to provide relaxation or relief from paying installments.
Kajian Model Springate Pada Kelompok Saham Jakarta Islamic Index Periode 2013–2017
Authors: Anggara Windu , Nasution M. Syukri Albani
Published: February 2022

This  study  aims  to  find  out  and  analyze  the  health  condition  of  the company  based  on  the  magnitude  of  the  predicted  value  using  financial  ratios  in the  Springate  model.  The  research  method  used  is  descriptive  analysis  method with  a  quantitative  approach.  The  research  population  is  all  companies  listed  in Jakarta  Islamic  Index  (JII),  amounting  to  30  companies,  using  purposive sampling.  The  analysis  technique  used  is  the  analysis  of  financial  statements  with the  Springate  model  (S-Score)  which  aims  to  find  out  companies  that  experience financial  distress  and  bankruptcy.  The  results  showed  that  there  were  several companies  in  2013  and  2014  that  experienced  bankruptcy,  namely  16.67%,  then increased  to  26.67%  in  2016,  and  the  most  significant  occurred  in  2015  and  2017, namely  30.00%
Peningkatan Kuantitas dan Kualitas Sumber Daya Masyarakat (SDM) Karyawan di PT. Bank Sumut Kantor Cabang Syariah Padang Sidimpuan
Authors: Tanjung Johar Arifin , Tarigan Azhari Akmal
Published: February 2022

- Sumber daya manusia (SDM) merupakan faktor penting dalam suatu organisasi. Keberhasilan suatu organisasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas dan juga kuantitas  SDM yang berdampak pada pencapaian kinerja. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi PT. Bank Sumut Kantor Cabang Syariah Padangsidimpuan selama penulis melaksanakan kegiatan kerja praktek adalah kurangnya kuantitas/jumlah karyawan yang ada. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara empiris mengenai peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) karyawan sebagai solusi atas permasalahan yang terjadi di PT. Bank Sumut KCSy Padangsidimpuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, yang dimana prosedur pemecahan masalah yang diteliti menggambarkan keadaan subjek ataupun objek berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang tampak atau apa adanya. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diambil beberapa kesimpulan bahwa dalam mengatasi permasalahan kuantitas dan kualitas SDM karyawan di PT. Bank Sumut KCSy Padangsidimpuan, perusahaan perlu meningkatkan SDM dengan cara yaitu ; recruitment, seleksi, perencanaan sumber daya manusia, dan penilaian sumber daya manusia.
Оксидативный стресс как проблема психофармакологии. Биполярное аффективное расстройство и препараты лития
Authors: Арушанян Эдуард Бениаминович
Published: February 2022

В обзоре суммированы сведения о возможных патогенетических механизмах биполярного аффективного расстройства, в центре которого может находиться неадекватное усиление процессов оксидантного стресса и сопряжённых с этим в первую очередь нейровоспаления, нарушения нейропластичности и циркадианной дизритмии. Как показывают результаты современных клинических и экспериментальных исследований, препараты лития, чаще всего используемые для терапии заболевания, способны ограничивать сопутствующие ему клеточные и молекулярные нарушения. В том числе они ослабляют воспалительные явления в мозговой ткани, усиливают продукцию и эффект нейротрофинов, а также оптимизируют функцию ритморганизующих механизмов.
Resolving insolvency and ease of doing business reforms in BRICS nations with particular reference to India
Authors: Kumar Basanta , Chawla Neelam
Published: February 2022

The scope of the study is limited to BRICS nations.The study relied on published data from the World Bank's EoDB reports from 2010-2020 to achieve the first objective of analyzing the impact of EoDB parameters, particularly resolving insolvency issues, on its ranking. Descriptive statistics was the techniques applied for the analysis and interpretation of the findings. Besides, for the second objective, the research examined the legal framework of insolvency resolution through IBC 2016 vis-a-vis judicial pronouncement to understand government strategies, stakeholders' confidence and the business environment aiding EoDB ranking.
A Study on the Performance of Regional Rural Banks in India
Authors: Kathawala Anjum Mehtab , Sharma Vinod
Published: February 2022

Banking plays a vital role in the growth and development of developing countries like India. Banks lubricate the entire monetary and financial system and ensure smooth operations. Nearly 70%of the total of Indian population lives in rural areas. For the development of Indian economy, there is a need for the development of the rural areas. For the purpose of rural development, there is a need for the banking system in rural areas which provide credit at lower and at reasonable terms to the rural households unlike traditional moneylenders which exploit the rural people by providing loans at a very high interest rate which leads to rural people were unable to repay loans given by moneylenders and lost everything and also commit suicide. To avoid all those negative consequences, the government appoints a working group on rural credit, the narasimhan committee. On the basis of recommendations given by the narasimhan committee, regional rural banks were established. The main objective behind the establishment of these banks is the development of agriculture, trade, commerce, industry and other productive activities in the rural areas particularly in those areas where banking services does not exist and make available cheaper institutional credit to the weaker sections of the society. This research paper throws light on the need of banking system in rural areas and significant role played by banking system in the development of rural areas and discusses about the problem faced by regional rural banks in India and suggestions to overcome the problems. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the present level of financial performance of RRBs in India as on 31st march 2017 in comparison to 31st march 2016. This study is based on the secondary data collected from the annual reports of NABARD. This study finds and concludes that the RRBs play a very important role in the development of rural areas.
Research Productivity of Faculty Members of Taharabad College: A Scientometric Study
Authors: Fulari Arjun Ramdas
Published: February 2022

The Twenty-first century shaped a new atmosphere for education. Due to computer technology, internet, smart phones and other such devices, education reached to each and every corner of the world. Even people living in remote areas are able to reap the benefits of open education system and distance education system This paper presents a scientomentric study of Arts and Commerce College i.e. research productivity of faculty members during 2019-2021. This research paper covers gender wise, age group wise, writing/publication statues of teachers, language wise research productivity, use of communication channel for research, purpose of research productivity, and authorship pattern.
Impact of participation of women in Self Help Groups and their empowerment: A study on the women from vulnerable delta region of West Bengal
Authors: Mullick Sujata , Khanna Anoop
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To examine the relationship between participation in Self Help Groups (SHGs) and the overall socio- economic empowerment of women. Results: The comparative study covering 234 women representing functional and non-functional SHGs highlighted that the poor and vulnerable women often become inactive. A significant relationship was found between women’s active participation in SHGs and its impact on women’s perception of their rights and gender stereotypes, household decision making, and participation in other development activities. Women did access finance, though in a limited scale, due to the fear of repayment and lack of opportunities. Although the ability to take action differs in both categories of SHGs, women continue to experience domestic violence. Conclusion: Convergent effort needs to be undertaken to integrate gender equality and access to finance; to facilitate the process of empowerment of women through an inclusive method of forming, sustaining, mentoring and training the most vulnerable women in SHGs.
Edukacyjny potencjał Pawilonu Polonia na Biennale Sztuki w Wenecji: Halka/Haiti oraz Mały Przegląd
Authors: Kwiatkowska-Tybulewicz Barbara
Published: February 2022

Poland has been actively participating for almost a century in one of the largest and most important artistic events in the world, the international exhibition of the Venice Art Biennale. This artistic event is visited by over a half a million people every two years, so it is worth considering its educational impact on the audience. The article presents two projects which were shown in the Polish Pavilion during the 56th and 57th Venice Art Biennale in 2015 and 2017: Halka/Haiti 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W, created by C. T. Jasper and Joanna Malinowska and Sharon Lockhart’s Little Review. The author of the article describes, interprets and analyses the projects from a pedagogical perspective. The idea of art as an important tool for the transformation of man and the world can be found in pedagogy, in the area of knowledge about art, as well as in artistic activities. In the 21st century contemporary art is perceived as an important partner for pedagogy, but today pedagogy also becomes an inspiration for artists who more and more often use typically educational forms of activity in their artistic processes and appreciate the democratic, inclusive and emancipatory nature of educational practices. The aim of the article is to indicate the educational aspects of two art projects, which were presented in the Polish Pavilion in 2015 and 2017, taking into account their educational potential and the possibility of influencing both participants of the implemented activities and the secondary audience. The pedagogical perspective used by the author ranges from the theory of aesthetic education, through critical pedagogy, to the educational turn in contemporary art observed in the 21st century.
Evaluation of Patients Presenting to the Ophthalmology Department of a Tertiary Hospital for Nonemergency Reasons During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aslan Fatih , Öktem Çağlar
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate changes in the demographic and diagnostic distribution of patients presenting to the ophthalmology department during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the pre-pandemic period.

Methods: The study included patients who made outpatient appointments in our ophthalmology department. The COVID-19 group (CovG) comprised patients who presented between April 15 and May 15, 2020, the 30-day period with the highest daily number of new cases in Turkey. The control group (CG) was obtained by randomization through a computer program from among 2 245 patients who applied in the same period of the previous year. The patients’ presenting complaint(s), diagnostic(s) and demographic information’s were collected from a database, with all identifying information concealed. For patients who presented more than once, their initial complaint and diagnoses were analyzed.

Results: The study included a total of 400 patients: 200 in the CovG and 200 in the CG. Mean ages in the CovG and CG were 41.23 ± 14.48 and 48.20 ± 17.49 years, respectively (p < 0.001). The female to male patient ratio was 0.53 in the CovG and 0.83 in the CG (p = 0.032). There were fewer university graduates compared to other education levels among the patients who presented during the pandemic (p = 0.013). During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no increase in presentation frequency for any ocular disease compared to the previous year. The only statistical decrease in patient application complaints was observed in reading difficultness (11 % in CovG vs. 37 % in CG; p < 0.001). Presentations due to dry eye (DE) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) were similar to the same period of the year (p = 0.303 and p = 0.550, respectively). At least 1 chronic ocular disease was present in 25 % of the CovG and 45.5 % of the CG (p < 0.001). A statistically significant decrease was observed in CovG for age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma in the diagnoses made at the end of the examination (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: During the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey, the most common outpatient presentations to the ophthalmology department were for the diagnoses of DE and AC. During peak pandemic period, elderly patients, women and academically trained patients significantly reduced their visits to the Eye Clinic. The reduction in presentation of patients with glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration may be due to the long-term treatment planning for these patients and the social isolation measures issued for the older population. These patients should be encouraged to use video consultation / telemedicine in eye patients at risk of vision loss.
Changed Eye Functions and Quality of Life of Seniors with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Majerníková Ľudmila , Hudáková Anna , Kaščáková Mária , Obročníková Andrea
Published: February 2022

Aim: To monitor and evaluate the differences in the evaluation of monitored indicators of quality of life of patients with proliferative and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods: The research sample comprised a total of 80 patients with DR.The first group consisted of 27 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and the second group of 53 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The comparison was carried out according to the degree of DR. The data were collected using the standardized National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25).
Results: In both compared patient groups, T-tests showed significant differences in all studied quality of life parameters: general health and vision, difficulty seeing far away and up close, the impact of the disease on achieving life goals, being limited in control over and in length of their activities, being limited to their homes, relying on the information provided by other people and needing help from others.
Conclusion: In a holistic concept, i.e. biological, psychological and social dimensions, partial or complete loss of the ability to see due to diabetes has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients with proliferative DR. Therefore, this chronic complication must be prevented by any available means.
Writer-Designer Intersections at MODULE Digital Alchemy Creation Lab: A Conversation between Taylor Marie Graham and Beth Kates
Authors: Graham Taylor Marie , Kates Beth
Published: February 2022

Playwright Taylor Marie Graham and theatre/XR designer Beth Kates reflect on their collaborative digital theatre experiments throughout the week-long digital dramaturgy intensive Digital Alchemy Creation Lab: MODULE, funded by a Canada Council Digital Strategy Fund grant. MODULE was an experiment designed to provide playwrights and theatre artists with hands-on exposure to available and emerging technologies (projection design tools, virtual reality tools, etc.). The two discuss the need to dismantle rehearsal-room hierarchies, needed complications to the problematic binary of rural storytelling versus technology, creative process overlap between writers and designers, and theatremaking in virtual reality, as well as the expansive storytelling potential of writer-designer intersections at project inception.
A ‘Thankless Task’? My Work as a Book Review Editor
Authors: Batten Bruce L.
Published: February 2022

In this article, the book review editor of Monumenta Nipponica, a Japanese studies journal based in Tokyo, describes the satisfactions and frustrations of the job and provides a nuts-and-bolts view of how he does it.
Diagnostico de troboembolismo pulmonar agudo
Authors: Paizano Vanega Gindreska , Fernandez Zúñiga Evelyn , Villalobos Bonilla David
Published: February 2022

La tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP) consiste en la obstrucción del flujo sanguíneo arterial pulmonar por embolismo de un coágulo desde sitios distantes de la vasculatura, principalmente en miembros inferiores. La verdadera incidencia, prevalencia y tasa de mortalidad se desconocen.  El diagnóstico se basa en una serie de signos y síntomas,  inespecíficos y comunes a otras patologías cardiorrespiratorias, hasta el choque cardiogénico con muerte súbita debido a falla ventricular derecha aguda, su diagnóstico  es tanto clínico, como por imágenes, también se emplea métodos de laboratorio como el dímero D el cual es útil , ya que da un gran valor predictivo negativo en el diagnóstico de TEP.  La angiotomografía de tórax es actualmente el estándar de oro para su diagnóstico ya que presenta una alta sensibilidad y especificidad.
Síndrome de Lemièrre por Fusobacterium nucleatum: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Méndez Ramírez Erick David , Chacón Arce Pedro Pablo , Quesada Solano Stephanie
Published: February 2022

El Síndrome de Lemierre es una patología poco frecuente, potencialmente mortal, que se produce por la trombosis venosa que envuelve la vena yugular interna posterior a la infección de vías respiratorias superiores por microorganismos anaerobios gram negativos.  La inflamación producida puede provocar émbolos sépticos en otros órganos, como pulmones, tejidos blandos, bazo, hígado y cerebro. Esta condición fue llamada previamente “la enfermedad olvidada” debido a su rareza y a la poca familiaridad de los médicos con la misma. En este artículo se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 18 años, sana, en quien posterior a un cuadro agudo de faringoamigdalitis se documenta bacteremia por Fusobacterium nucleatum asociado a trombosis de la vena yugular izquierda y múltiples embolismos sépticos pulmonares.
DIMENSI DAN PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTIKULTURAL PADA MAHASISWA JURUSAN KEBIDANAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH BANJARMASIN
Authors: Ngalimun Ngalimun , Wulandari Wulandari , Mirawati Mirawati
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasikan pembelajaran berbasis multikultural pada mahasiswa jurusan kebidanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin dengan beberapa penemuan: pertama, memandang keberagaman mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi untuk dapat difungsikan oleh keberadaan tenaga pengajar dalam pendekatan pembelajaran. Kedua, membantu membangun perbedaan yang positif terhadap perilaku keberagamaan kultur, ras etnik dan kelompok keagamaan lainnya yang berada pada penerapan pendekatan multikultural. Ketiga, membantu memberikan ketahanan mahasiswa dengan cara mengajar mereka dalam mengambil keputusan dan keterampilan sosialnya. keempat, untuk membantu peserta didik dalam membangun ketergantungan lintas budaya dan memberi gambaran positif kepada mereka mengenai perbedaan kelompok. Selain itu, proses pendekatan dalam pembelajaran berbasis multikultural dibangun atas dasar konsep pendidikan untuk kebebasan dalam membantu mahasiswa mengembangkan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan dalam berpartisipasi dan kebebasan mahasiswa.
A description of Dendronotus shpataki sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) from the Sea of Japan: a contribution of citizen science to marine zoology
Authors: Ekimova I.A. , Mikhlina A.L. , Antokhina T.I. , Schepetov D.M.
Published: February 2022

The nudibranch genus Dendronotus Alder et Hancock, 1845 is a common component of boreal and arctic ecosystems, which has recently received a considerable attention due to its high cryptic diversity. Here we describe a new species Dendronotus shpataki sp. nov. from the northwestern Sea of Japan, using the material and observations provided by Andrey Shpatak, a local citizen, diver and underwater photographer. We studied morphological features of the new species, including external morphology, coloration, jaw and radular morphology, and configuration of the reproductive system, as well as its ecological traits including possible diet preferences. We obtained DNA sequences and reconstructed the phylogeny by Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood approaches using four molecular markers (mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA, and nuclear histone H3 and 28S rRNA), and tested the boundaries between the species by calculating the uncorrected p-distances and automatic species delimitation methods ABGD and GMYC. Our results show that D. shpataki sp. nov. differs both morphologically and genetically from all other Dendronotus species. The new species possibly represents a unique example of local endemism, being found in a single locality, while other local Dendronotus species demonstrate wide distribution in the North-West Pacific. We also report on a considerable wearing of the radular teeth during feeding, which is a remarkable case for the Dendronotus.
Instability in Afghanistan and its Impact on the Security of Pakistan
Authors: Afridi Manzoor Khan , Ali Rubina
Published: February 2022

Security implausibility due to a long history of conflict and the poor governess made a major contribution to making Afghanistan one of the unstable countries in the world, which poses a potential security risk for their surroundings. Instability in Afghanistan has a great impact on the security of Pakistan.Afghanistan's ability to overcome its security problems has a significant impact not only on the security and development of Pakistan but also the entire region. Furthermore, this paper will provide an overview of the importance, suggestions, and security policy of Pakistan. The Obama administration's strategy in Pakistan, particularly-in FATA, in which US drone strikes occurred, has generated insecurity in Pakistan. Therefore, the Imran Khan Government severely opposes the drone strikes and calls it a violation of the sovereignty and honor of the country.Finally, the paper highlights insecurity and instability in Afghanistan has serious regional implications. Consequently,a stable Afghanistan is more likely to make a contribution to regional security and serve as an economic partner
Implications of IDH mutations on immunotherapeutic strategies for malignant glioma
Authors: Richardson Leland G. , Miller Julie J. , Kitagawa Yosuke , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Choi Bryan D. , Curry William T.
Published: February 2022

Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating aggressive solid tumors, even within the CNS. Mutation in the metabolic gene isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) represents not only a major glioma defining biomarker but also an attractive therapeutic neoantigen. As patients with IDH-mutant glioma enter early-phase vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitor clinical trials, there is emerging evidence that implicates the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), generated by the neomorphic activity of mutant IDH, as a potential barrier to current immunotherapeutic approaches. Here, the authors review the immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive roles of 2HG within the unique IDH-mutant glioma tumor immune microenvironment and discuss promising immunotherapeutic approaches currently being investigated in preclinical models.
THE VOICE OF FRENCH REALISM IN YU HUA’S AND SU TONG’S FICTION
Authors: Castelli Alberto , 蒋惠聿 Jiang Huiyu
Published: February 2022

Chinese postmodern literature, or post-Mao fiction, comes with disillusionment among the intellectuals and cynicism among the fictional characters. According to this line of thinking, narrative enters a theoretical discourse that leaves aside the former ideological imprint and moves within the frame of realism. As in the experience of the nineteenth century French realism, Su Tong’s and Yu Hua’s fiction describe a process of Bildungsroman that is never accomplished. A crude Darwinian weltanschauung seems to be the key to understanding.
Los departamentos de branded content de los principales medios españoles: estructura orgánica y funcional, perfiles profesionales y procesos de trabajo
Authors: Zomeño Daniel , Blay-Arráez Rocío
Published: February 2022

En los medios de comunicación ha emergido en los últimos años, un departamento denominado de branded content, clave en la búsqueda de nuevos modelos de negocio. Esta búsqueda de renovadas fuentes de financiación se ha producido como resultado de la digitalización y los cambios en el consumo de medios. Esta novedosa forma de involucrar a las marcas a través de un contenido de calidad requiere de profesionales que respondan a esta hibridación entre el mundo editorial y el publicitario. En esta investigación de corte cualitativo se define, a través de entrevistas a directivos de los principales medios españoles, la estructura orgánica y funcional de estos departamentos, así como la metodología de trabajo empleada y su relación con la redacción y otros departamentos. Las conclusiones retratan la disparidad de perfiles involucrados y sus competencias profesionales, donde se prioriza la búsqueda de talento por parte de los responsables de los departamentos de branded content. La aportación de este trabajo es representar, por primera vez, el organigrama tipo y los flujos de trabajo de estos departamentos con una clara intención de transferencia práctica, puesto que los entrevistados afirman desconocer cómo otros medios están resolviendo dilemas propios de la formación reciente de estas estructuras.
Los perfiles de artistas de Leila Guerriero: las tramas en las versiones posibles de una vida
Authors: Ventura Laura
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar los perfiles de artistas creados por la narradora argentina Leila Guerriero, una exponente de los autodenominados Nuevos Cronistas de Indias de América Latina. En estas piezas plasma Guerriero la voz, las contradicciones y las obsesiones de estos realizadores hispanoamericanos a través de su mirada donde se advierte la subjetividad de la cronista. Esta perspectiva es una pieza clave de la destreza narrativa de la Guerriero, a través de la cual crea estos discursos biográficos. La cronista busca y encuentra, en la interacción con sus entrevistados, y en la interpretación de sus relatos y de sus actos, a través de una aproximación hermenéutica, “tramas”, en términos de Paul Ricoeur. Con ellas diseña estos perfiles o estas versiones posibles de una vida, que, en muchos casos cuestiona las versiones oficiales, y lo hace acudiendo a elementos de diversos géneros para cincelar una expresión original.
Los exoplanetas y su visibilidad creciente como piezas informativas en los periódicos ABC y El Mundo (1990-2018)
Authors: Moreno Otero María de los Ángeles
Published: February 2022

Internet sigue reconfigurando un nuevo espacio de comunicación y de nuevas oportunidades para la divulgación científica. La prensa nacional ha sabido converger hacia el entorno digitalizado. Este entorno ofrece una mayor notoriedad a los temas relacionados con el hallazgo de los planetas extrasolares. Se demuestra que estos objetos planetarios son los protagonistas de los grandes descubrimientos realizados en Astronomía en la última década del siglo XX, desde que se publicase en la prensa el primero hasta los más de 4000 planetas extrasolares descubiertos en la actualidad. Los medios de comunicación, en su labor de difundir estos acontecimientos astronómicos, han desarrollado su capacidad para dar una mayor cobertura informativa. Este trabajo estudia la evolución de las piezas informativas sobre exoplanetas publicadas en los periódicos ABC y EL MUNDO en sus ediciones impresas, desde el año 1990 hasta el 2014, y compara esta cobertura informativa con la que se ha contabilizado en las publicaciones de las ediciones digitales de estos mismos medios sobre los planetas extrasolares, desde 2001 hasta 2018.
Construir desde el trauma. Representación y testimonio en La imagen perdida (2013) de Rithy Panh
Authors: Martín Sanz Álvaro
Published: February 2022

La imagen perdida (2013) de Rithy Panh es una de las obras de no ficción del cine contemporáneo más celebradas que tratan de reconstruir imágenes traumáticas del genocidio cometido por los Jemeres Rojos. El presente artículo realiza un análisis de la película desde la perspectiva de los estudios culturales sobre la memoria y el trauma utilizando para ello una metodología basada en el análisis textual. Nuestra hipótesis de investigación se basa en la idea de que la propuesta de no ficción que el cineasta sostiene en la obra no consiste tanto en buscar una imagen (o imágenes) ausente(s) del genocidio camboyano, tal y como indica su título, como de proponer una metodología adecuada para testimoniar el trauma personal que pueda ser aplicable a fenómenos similares. Para argumentar a favor de ello, se plantea un análisis sobre tres elementos: las representaciones de los perpetradores, la inclusión de la fantasía en el relato y, por último, la metafórica apología del testimonio por parte del creador. Más allá de verificarse la hipótesis, la conclusión principal que se extrae es que el testimonio surge como un deber y una necesidad ante actos traumáticos, pudiendo ser representado a través de diversas formas cinematográficas.
Neuro-linguistic Programming and its Applicability in EFL Classrooms: Perceptions of NLP-Trained English Teachers
Authors: Rayati Mitra
Published: February 2022

The present study is an attempt to examine the applicability of NLP techniques in English Language Teaching (ELT), an under-investigated topic in the literature on EFL contexts. The researcher also attempts to examine the extent to which Iranian EFL instructors in language schools implement NLP techniques in their classrooms. In an effort to achieve the research aims, a sixteen-hour NLP training workshop for 20 conveniently chosen inservice EFL instructors was designed and held by the author. The workshop aimed at helping the participants to achieve a working knowledge of the concept of NLP. Prior to conducting the workshop, in order to gain a better understanding of the participants’ needs and the benefits of the implementation of the training program in teachers’ instructional practices, 60 class sessions of the 20 teachers were observed using a researcher-made observation checklist. To identify any changes in the teachers’ pedagogical skills and to assess any perceived learning outcomes from participating in the workshop, the researcher repeated the observations almost seven months after the last session of the workshop. Subsequently, in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out to explore the teachers’ perceptions of the topic under investigation. According to the findings of the thematic analysis, almost all the EFL teachers used NLP techniques to varying degrees in their language classes. The results of this study, provided at the end of the article, offer some valuable suggestions for different stakeholders in the field.
New Public Management und die Governance der Universitäten
Authors: Lange Stefan
Published: February 2022

Die deutschen Universitäten werden heute nach Vorgaben des New Public-Management (NPM) reformiert. Dabei wird häufig unter dem Eindruck der Vielfalt der Instrumente, die zum Einsatz kommen, aus den Augen verloren, dass es sich bei NPM – aus analytischer Perspektive – durchaus um ein ganzheitliches Modell der Governance von Hochschulen und anderer staatsnaher Organisationen handelt. Aber auch zahlreiche nichtintendierte Effekte dieser Reformen lassen sich beobachten. Der Beitrag versucht dies im Rahmen eines Überblicks über die aktuelle Literatur aufzuzeigen. Da andere Länder mit Blick auf NPM-Reformen ihrer Hochschulsysteme fortgeschrittener sind als Deutschland, wird ein Schwerpunkt auf die international vergleichende Literatur der letzten Dekade gelegt.
Right Buchberger Algorithm over Bijective Skew PBW Extensions
Authors: Fajardo William
Published: February 2022

In this paper we present a right version of the Buchberger algorithm over skew Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt extensions (skew PBW extensions for short) defined by Gallego and Lezama [5]. This algorithm is an adaptation of the left case given in [3]. In particular, we developed a right version of the division algorithm and from this we built the right Grbner bases theory over bijective skew PBW extensions. The algorithms were implemented in the SPBWE library developed in Maple, this paper includes an application of these to the membership problem. The theory developed here is fundamental to complete the SPBWE library and thus be able to implement various homological applications that arise as result of obtaining the right Grbner bases over skew PBW extensions.
A Non-Deterministic Multiset Query Language
Authors: Zieliński Bartosz
Published: February 2022

We develop a multiset query and update language executable in a term rewriting system. Its most remarkable feature, besides non-standard approach to quantification and introduction of fresh values, is non-determinism — a query result is not uniquely determined by the database. We argue that this feature is very useful, e.g., in modelling user choices during simulation or reachability analysis of a data-centric business process — the intended application of our work. Query evaluation is implemented by converting the query into a terminating term rewriting system and normalizing the initial term which encapsulates the current database. A normal form encapsulates a query result. We prove that our language can express any relational algebra query. Finally, we present a simple business process specification framework (and an example specification). Both syntax and semantics of our query language is implemented in Maude.
Fueling the passion: The role online brand experiences play in developing harmonious or obsessive brand passion
Authors: Chen Chunxiao , Zhang Jian , Bu Xing , Gao Jian
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The internet environment brings many challenges to brands through its intangibility, uncertainty, and information complexity. Inspiring consumers’ brand passion is the key to brand success in the internet environment. OBJECTIVE: Based on the dualistic division of harmonious or obsessive brand passion, this study explores the relationship between online brand experiences and brand passion. This study also examines the mediating effect of customer psychological ownership and the moderating effect of gender in this relationship. METHODS: In this study, we used a quantitative analysis approach to test how online brand experience affects brand passion and Mplus 8.0 was used for the structural equation model. RESULTS: The results indicate that (1) online sensory experiences and online affective experiences have a significant effect on both harmonious brand passion and obsessive brand passion; online intellectual experiences and online behavioral experiences positively affect harmonious brand passion; (2) customer psychological ownership mediates the relationship between different online brand experiences and harmonious brand passion; (3)Gender moderates the relationship between online affective experience, online intellectual experience and harmonious brand passion such that the relationship is stronger for women than men. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this paper provide some suggestions for marketers to enhance their marketing strategies in an internet environment.
Don Lindberg and the Creation of the National Center for Biotechnology Information
Authors: Masys Daniel R. , Benson Dennis A.
Published: February 2022

The highest priority new initiative resulting from the 1985–86 National Library of Medicine Long Range Planning exercise initiated by NLM Director Dr. Donald A.B. Lindberg was the creation of new information resources and services related to molecular biology and genetics, termed “biotechnology information”. Beginning with existing NLM resources and research projects associated with molecular data, and with Lindberg’s enthusiastic support, the institution launched a Congressionally-mandated Center that has become an essential part of 21st century biomedical science.
The Multiple Dimensions of Expanded Access to Health Information: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Authors: Humphreys Betsy L.
Published: February 2022

When Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. became Director of the U.S. National Library of Medicine in 1984, trained searchers, primarily librarians, conducted less than three million searches of NLM databases. They paid for their fair share of the commercial telecommunications costs to reach NLM’s computer system. In 2015 when Lindberg retired, millions of scientists, health professionals, patients, members of the public, and librarians conducted billions of free searches of NLM’s greatly expanded electronic resources via the Internet. Lindberg came to NLM intending to expand access to biomedical and health information along multiple dimensions: reaching more users, providing more types and volumes of information and data; and improving the conceptual, technical, and organizational connections needed to provide information to users when and where it is needed. By any measure he and NLM were spectacularly successful. This chapter discusses some key decisions and developments that contributed to that success.
Partnering for Education and Career Development of Librarians and Information Specialists
Authors: Holst Ruth
Published: February 2022

Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. was a strong proponent of self-improvement for all professions. He believed it was imperative for health sciences librarians to embrace lifelong learning as the Internet and networked information radically changed their work and opened new opportunities to increase their scope and impact. During Dr. Lindberg’s 1984–2015 tenure as its Director, the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) became an even more dominant influence on education and career development of health sciences librarians. This chapter focuses on the way NLM partnered with other institutions and organizations to ensure that education and training were consistently part of the roll-out of new NLM programs and services as they were implemented.
Don Lindberg’s Outreach Legacy at the National Library of Medicine
Authors: Siegel Elliot R.
Published: February 2022

Friends and colleagues of Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. came together to give tribute to his extraordinary contributions during his tenure (1984–2015) as Director of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). Dr. Lindberg died in 2019. The book, Transforming biomedical informatics and health information access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine. includes four sections. The ten edited chapters in section three (the Outreach section) are briefly summarized in this overview. As Associate Director for Health Information Programs Development, Elliot R. Siegel Ph.D. coordinated NLM’s outreach programming under Dr. Lindberg’s leadership from its inception in 1989 to his own retirement in 2010. Dr. Lindberg’s legacy at NLM is one of new possibilities imagined, significant changes made in the mission and ethos of a venerable institution, and numerous successes achieved in a variety of settings and contexts. Like so much else Dr. Lindberg accomplished, these Outreach programs that profoundly changed the character of NLM would likely not have occurred without him. He made a difference.
A submatrix spatial coherence approach to minimum variance beamforming combined with sign coherence factor for coherent plane wave compounding
Authors: Yan Xin , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The coherent plane wave compounding (CPWC) is a promising technique to enhance the imaging quality while maintaining the high frame rate in the plane wave ultrasound imaging. Recently, the spatial-coherence-based method has been specially designed to process echo matrix required by the minimum variance (MV) method. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, a novel beamforming method that integrates the submatrix-spatial-coherence-based MV with the sign coherence factor (SCF) is proposed to further improve the imaging quality. METHOD: The submatrix smoothing technique is modified to smooth and de-correlate signals of the receiving array dimension. Then, the SCF is used to modify the input vector of the beamformer, which can reduce side lobe noises with almost no increase in the amount of calculation. Simulation, phantom, in vivo, and sound velocity error experiments have been performed to verify the superiority of the proposed beamformer. RESULTS: The imaging results show that the proposed approach performs better in the imaging resolution and contrast compared to the traditional CPWC method. CONCLUSION: The robustness of the proposed method is enhanced, and the over-suppression phenomenon can be alleviated, which is a phenomenon that occurs in the original spatial-coherence and SCF methods.