bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platon au programme
Authors: Chirouter Edwige
Published: February 2020

L’article s’appuie sur une recherche-action dans 9 classes de l’école primaire en France, à Monaco et au Bénin. Nous y analysons pourquoi et comment une réflexion philosophique à partir de L’anneau de Gygès de Platon permet à de jeunes élèves de penser toute la complexité du rapport à la loi et du jugement moral. L’approche de ces questions par le récit permet d’éviter le moralisme, la fiction étant, selon, les mots de P. Ricœur, « un grand laboratoire » où les hommes peuvent « expérimenter les limites du Bien et du mal ». L’article fera ainsi le lien entre réflexions théoriques sur les fonctions herméneutiques du récit et expérimentations concrètes d’ateliers de philosophie dans les classes.
Apprendre à philosopher en cours moyen dans le cadre de l’enseignement moral et civique
Authors: Breton Laurence , Marro Cendrine
Published: February 2020

Depuis 2015 en France, la discussion à visée philosophique (DVP) est citée en tant qu’exemple de pratiques dans le programme de l’enseignement moral et civique (EMC) de l’école élémentaire. Cet article se propose de questionner le cadre d’apparition et l’usage de la DVP dans ce programme considérant qu’il existe une tension possible entre les finalités de l’enseignement moral et civique et les composantes essentielles de la discussion à visée philosophique, dont la finalité première reste l’apprentissage du philosopher. À partir de l’analyse des interventions d’enseignantes lors de DVP ayant lieu sur le même thème dans trois classes de cours moyen différentes, nous analyserons cette tension et nous nous demanderons si l’utilisation de textes philosophiques adaptés à la jeunesse n’est pas un moyen de garantir le caractère philosophique des DVP, y compris dans un cadre d’usage tel que celui de l’EMC.
Le rôle potentiel de la présence attentive et de la philosophie pour enfants dans le développement de l’autodétermination chez des élèves du primaire
Authors: Malboeuf-Hurtubise Catherine , Lefrançois David , Taylor Geneviève
Published: February 2020

Afin de s’acquitter de sa mission, l’école québécoise doit s’assurer du développement psychosocial optimal et de l’autodétermination de ses élèves. La pratique de la présence attentive a récemment fait l’objet d’une attention soutenue en recherche et se veut très prometteuse pour favoriser l’autodétermination des jeunes. Dans un même ordre d’idées, l’implantation d’ateliers de philosophie pour enfants gagne également en popularité en milieu scolaire. En s’appuyant sur la théorie de l’autodétermination et les recherches en psychologie existentielle, cet article propose d’explorer les cadres théoriques pertinents à l’application de la présence attentive et de la philosophie pour enfants auprès d’élèves du primaire, ainsi que les contextes dans lesquels ces deux pratiques ont été appliquées au Québec.
Apprendre à intégrer le tableau numérique interactif de manière collaborative à l’éducation préscolaire
Authors: Raby Carole , Charron Annie , Tremblay-Wragg Émilie , Beaupré-Boivin Kathy , Villeneuve Stéphane
Published: February 2020

Au Québec, l’implantation massive de tableaux numériques interactifs (TNI) en éducation a débuté en 2011, dans le but de rendre l’enseignement plus interactif. Mais l’implantation des TNI, en tant qu’innovation technologique, n’a pas mené à des innovations pédagogiques. Cet article rapporte les résultats d’une recherche-action menée auprès d’enseignants (n = 21) à l’éducation préscolaire, pour les former à une utilisation optimale du TNI et pour étudier le développement de leur capacité à l’intégrer en classe. Les données ont été recueillies à l’aide d’entrevues et de questionnaires en début et en fin de projet, de même que par des bilans de pratiques partagés et des journaux de réflexion complétés lors des rencontres collectives. Les résultats démontrent que les enseignants ont adopté des pratiques innovantes en s’éloignant de leur utilisation traditionnelle habituelle du TNI pour engager leurs élèves dans des activités de coconstruction des idées.
Lire-dire en sciences pour résoudre un problème ou pour problématiser ?
Authors: Avel Patrick
Published: February 2020

Cette recherche qualitative, qui croise la didactique de la lecturecompréhension et celle des sciences, explore deux situations. Une classe de CE2 doit résoudre un problème scientifique : un jardinier n’entend plus les oiseaux chanter dans son verger après utilisation d’un insecticide. En CM2, des élèves sont enrôlés dans un processus de problématisation concernant le fonctionnement du cœur qui permet une circulation ininterrompue du sang. Dans les deux cas, suite à l’analyse des transcriptions des dialogues et des productions écrites des élèves, il apparaît que les enseignants ont instrumentalisé des textes pour étayer les interactions langagières. Les élèves s’en sont majoritairement emparés en cohérence avec le rôle qui leur avait été assigné et se sont insérés dans une communauté discursive scolaire à caractère scientifique. Le scénario pédagogique visant la résolution d’un problème contextualisé, perçu comme une énigme, a généré chez les élèves une posture de détective, et ce, au risque de provoquer un malentendu sociocognitif masquant son véritable enjeu : nuire à un maillon d’une chaîne alimentaire a des conséquences parfois imprévues sur différentes espèces animales. Dans l’autre situation, beaucoup d’élèves ont accédé au processus de problématisation grâce à un étayage robuste de l’enseignante, mais leurs écrits finaux en contiennent peu de traces tout en étant de type explicatif.
Enjeux liés aux orientations des bacheliers en langue anglaise à l’Institut Supérieur des Sciences de l’Éducation de Guinée
Authors: Diaouné Thierno Moussa
Published: February 2020

La Guinée est l’unique pays francophone membre de la ZMAO 1 où l’anglais représente une langue largement valorisée en raison de son intégration dans cette zone. Pour les concepteurs des programmes scolaires, leur exploitation judicieuse favorise la poursuite harmonieuse des études jusqu’à l’insertion professionnelle. Mais, il résulte des entretiens de 4 enseignants, des réponses au questionnaire de 130 étudiants de l’ISSEG 2 et d’un focus-group de 11 étudiantes, appuyés par deux tests sur les acquis scolaires de 53 bacheliers, que les résultats restent décevants en termes d’apprentissage de l’anglais. L’article questionne les déterminants qui conduisent à ces résultats non satisfaisants. Les apprentissages identifiés n’apportent pas de préalables indispensables à l’entrée en formation permettant une insertion professionnelle satisfaisante des futurs enseignants. D’où la nécessité de revoir le bassin de recrutement.
Inclusion scolaire et formation initiale des enseignants au Canada
Authors: Tremblay Philippe
Published: February 2020

Dans une perspective comparative et pancanadienne, cet article s’intéresse à la formation initiale des enseignants au Canada en rapport avec l’intégration/inclusion scolaire. Dans la fédération canadienne, les provinces et territoires sont responsables de l’éducation en général et de la formation des enseignants en particulier. Cette étude comparée vise, par l’analyse des textes législatifs, les politiques et les normes dans les dix provinces et les trois territoires à identifier les modèles de formation, les titres, ainsi que les compétences/normes pour la formation des enseignants ou les enseignants débutants. Les résultats montrent une claire division entre modèle successif et modèle simultané dans la formation dans les provinces et territoires canadiens. Toutefois, concernant les titres, peu de différences sont observées sinon en ce qui concerne le Québec avec le titre d’enseignant en adaptation scolaire. Enfin, les compétences et normes pour les enseignants, disponibles dans une moitié de provinces, indiquent des positionnements différents en rapport à l’intégration/inclusion et par rapport à une population spécifique/un collectif diversifié.
La gestion de l’hétérogénéité des élèves par des enseignants débutants
Authors: Moussi Dalila , Luczak Christophe
Published: February 2020

Cet article se propose d’interroger les conceptions et les pratiques de futurs professeurs des écoles ainsi que celles d’enseignants plus expérimentés sur la gestion de l’hétérogénéité en classe. Que peut-on/doit-on attendre d’un enseignant fonctionnaire-stagiaire encore en formation ? Quelles sont les pratiques d’enseignants plus expérimentés pour accompagner au mieux les élèves dans leurs apprentissages ? Dans un contexte d’école inclusive, comment la formation initiale à l’INSPE peut-elle accompagner les néo-enseignants ? Nous présentons quelques résultats issus d’une recherche en cours sur les pratiques de la pédagogie différenciée telles qu’elles peuvent être reconstruites à partir de déclarations d’enseignants experts interrogés par des étudiants de 1ère année de Master MEEF dans le cadre de leur stage d’observation et du module d’initiation à la recherche et d’autre part, celles d’enseignants novices, fonctionnaires-stagiaires en Master 2, lors de leur stage en responsabilité.
Agir des enseignants de lettres dans le cadre de l’inclusion d’enfants présentant des troubles du spectre autistique en milieu ordinaire
Authors: Dizerbo Anne
Published: February 2020

Cette contribution présente une recherche inscrite dans la perspective anthropologique de la recherche biographique en éducation. Elle interroge la mise en œuvre de la politique inclusive au collège et au lycée à partir de 6 entretiens biographiques réalisés avec des enseignants de lettres. Ils concernent le vécu de l’inclusion d’enfants présentant des troubles du spectre autistique, mettent à jour différents facteurs influençant les agir des enseignants, freinant ou favorisant l’inclusion des élèves concernés. Ils révèlent également, à partir de la relation entre agir et identité professionnelle construite, les types de positions adoptées. Ces dernières permettent d’identifier les apports en matière de formation afin de mieux accompagner la transformation des pratiques dans le sens de l’inclusion scolaire effective de tous élèves.
Observer l’éducation inclusive des enfants avec des éducateurs
Authors: Andrys Marie , Lénérand Vanessa
Published: February 2020

Notre recherche, mobilisant l’observation en situation à partir de l’activité des éducateurs, questionne le processus de l’éducation inclusive dans deux contextes : le milieu de la petite enfance en Hauts de France et le secteur médico-social en Martinique, milieux à la fois proches et éloignés. La présence des éducateurs a une influence sur l’inclusion des enfants, quelle que soit leur particularité, au sein des différents espaces de vie.
Ce que disent des collégiens sourds ou malentendants et leurs parents sur le déroulement de la scolarité
Authors: Galle Patrice
Published: February 2020

Cet article présente une recherche à propos des représentations de collégiens sourds ou malentendants et de leurs parents sur le déroulement de la scolarité. Se situant dans deux temporalités différentes, les adolescents développent des représentations sur leur scolarité basées sur des ressentis vécus dans l’immédiateté alors que celles des parents, inscrites dans une temporalité plus large, mettent en exergue les difficultés rencontrées et les efforts à fournir pour la réussite du projet de scolarisation. Exprimant la nécessité d’être présent et disponible, certains parents développent de nombreuses stratégies pour assurer la cohérence du projet de leur enfant. La surdité est, certes, un marqueur de l’adolescence qui va, par exemple, déterminer les relations des collégiens déficients auditifs avec leurs pairs, néanmoins les comportements et les préoccupations relevés ne diffèrent pas des autres adolescents.
Analyse de l’évolution des pratiques évaluatives en éducation physique : revue de littérature
Authors: Grandchamp Annabelle , Méard Jacques , Quin Grégory
Published: February 2020

Les pratiques d’évaluation en éducation physique et sportive (EPS) ont été largement analysées et discutées dans les problématiques éducatives des pays industrialisés. Loin d’obtenir un consensus conceptuel, les contradictions et les tensions persistent notamment entre les concepts théoriques et les pratiques des enseignants. Cette revue de littérature tente dans un premier temps de clarifier les ambiguïtés intrinsèquement liées à l’évaluation en EPS en proposant un rappel des définitions et des différents objets de l’évaluation. Dans un deuxième temps, cet article présente les évaluations alternatives apparues dans certains pays en réponse à une insatisfaction en termes d’apprentissage des évaluations traditionnelles. Nous verrons toutefois que ces orientations plus formatrices peinent à se généraliser. Enfin, nous tenterons de dégager quelques hypothèses permettant d’expliquer la relative continuité des pratiques évaluatives en EPS.
Les relations russo-nordiques après la Crimée et Trump. La Russie est-elle trop importante pour une politique nordique commune ?
Authors: Mouritzen Hans , Chillaud Matthieu
Published: February 2020

Les pays nordiques interagissent avec la Russie, non seulement, en mer Baltique mais aussi dans la région de la mer de Barents et dans l’Arctique polaire. Dans cet article, les relations russo-suédoises, russo-danoises, russo-norvégiennes et russo-finlandaises sont analysées de façon diachronique dans un cadre unique et comparées. Il existe deux types de barrières à la coopération nordique en matière de sécurité et de défense : 1) Des intérêts géopolitiques différents des pays nordiques et 2) des idiosyncrasies entre couples de pays nordiques, enracinées, comme à leur habitude, dans différentes interprétations de leur histoire commune. Ainsi, le sol nordique a été traditionnellement propice pour les grandes puissances cherchant à «  diviser pour régner  ». Cependant, dans le sillage de l’implication de la Russie en l’Ukraine et de l’élection de Donald Trump à la présidence des États-Unis, des intérêts géopolitiques semblent converger avec des perceptions de menaces et des opportunités détectées dans les capitales nordiques. En l’absence d’idiosyncrasies contemporaines significatives, cela renforcera une coopération en matière de sécurité et de défense bien qu’une politique nordique commune vis-à-vis de la Russie ne se réalisera pas. Les quatre pays nordiques, en particulier la Suède, font face à des dilemmes difficiles dans la nouvelle situation.
L’énergie dans la région Baltique, un enjeu primordial de sécurité
Authors: Bayou Céline
Published: February 2020

Comme tous les autres, les pays de la région Baltique doivent faire face aux injonctions de la transition énergétique. Mais leur faible dotation en ressources énergétiques et leur forte dépendance vis-à-vis d’une Russie jugée de plus en plus menaçante ajoute un impératif supplémentaire à ce processus. Celui-ci prend dès lors une dimension sécuritaire évidente, particulièrement visible dans les secteurs électrique et gazier : il s’agit à la fois de gérer la déconnexion des systèmes ex-soviétiques, de réduire la dépendance vis-à-vis des approvisionnements en provenance de Russie et de mettre fin à l’insularité énergétique qui caractérise la région.
The Effects of Health Care Policies: LGBTQ Aging Adults
Authors: Zanetos Joanne M. , Skipper Alan W.
Published: February 2020

Projected estimates for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) populations in the United States reach 4 to 8 million older adults by 2030. Healthy People 2020 created goals to improve the health, safety, and well-being of these individuals. However, not all political agendas point to resolutions favorable for this population. Provisions under the Affordable Care Act once considered status quo protections for the LGBTQ community are now threatened as law makers are rolling back health care mandates, exposing members of the LGBTQ community to potential exacerbations of prejudice, discrimination, and stigmatization previously seen as historical violations of human rights. The purpose of this article is to identify how current health care policies have created legal windows of opportunity for persons to discriminate and create juxtaposition with goals and objectives of Healthy People 2020, promoting barriers in the health care continuum for LGBTQ aging adults. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46
(3), 9–13.]
Gamification in Adult Learning
Authors: Gul Abdulmenaf , Uz Bilgin Cigdem
Published: February 2020

Various methods and technological tools have been utilized to meet the unique needs of adult learners. One of the recent methods is gamification, in which game elements and mechanics were utilized within a non-gaming context. This chapter reviews the literature and presents an overview of gamification implementations to develop systematic understanding of how gamification can be integrated into the adult learning process. An electronic search of articles from 2009 to 2019 was conducted, and 23 studies were reviewed in detail. The study shows gamification has mainly been utilized within the workplace environment and in the health education. The principle investigated constructs were satisfaction, motivation, engagement, and knowledge acquisition. Although the reviewed papers reported promising results in terms of utilizing gamification for adult learning, further research is needed.
Adopting Organizational Cultural Changes Concerning Whistle-Blowing in Healthcare Around Information Security in the “Internet of Things” World
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman , Bhargava Nimisha , Springs Delores , Dawson Maurice , Burton Sharon L. , Anderson Damon P. , Wright Jorja B.
Published: February 2020

Medical labs, hospitals, doctor's offices, and medical devices face significant cyber risks. The insecurity of medical devices, including imaging hardware, threatens patient safety. Health organizations are rich with valuable data as well as weak with information security expertise, protocols, and infrastructure. It is critical for more health organizations to focus creating organizational cultures with processes that offer all employees to fully understand the nature of information security risks and have the ability to be active participants in the minimization and reporting of observable risks. This article will lay a foundation to establish techniques and practices for open door policies.
Predictive Model of Solar Irradiance Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Soni Umang , Gupta Saksham , Singh Taranjeet , Vardhan Yash , Jain Vipul
Published: February 2020

Solar power in India is growing at a tremendous pace. India's solar power capacity is 20 GW and has grown 8-fold since 2014. Assessing the solar potential in India is thus the need of the hour. The objective of this study is to make an optimized prediction model of the monthly potential of solar irradiance of the Indian Subcontinent, by utilizing hour-wise unstructured voluminous (80 million line item) satellite-based data from 609 locations for 15 years. The variables chosen are temperature, pressure, relative humidity, month, year, latitude, longitude, altitude, DHI, DNI, and GHI. Combining predictive models using combinations of SVM, ANN, and RF for factors affecting solar irradiance. This model's performance has been evaluated by its accuracy. Accuracy for DHI, DNI, GHI values on testing data evaluated through the SVM model is 95.11%, 93.25%, and 96.88%, respectively, whereas accuracy evaluated through the ANN model is 94.18%, 91.60%, and 95.90%, respectively. The achieved high prediction accuracy makes the SVM, ANN, and RF model very robust. This model with a sustainable financial model can thus be used to identify major locations to set up solar farms in the present and future and the feasibility of its establishment, wherever local meteorological data measuring facilities are not available in India. Along with the air temperature, air pressure, and humidity predictive interrelation model created to aid the irradiance model this can be used for climate predictions in the Indian sub-continental region.
Determining Safety Stock for an Omni-Channel Environment
Authors: Pham Thi Ngan , Tan Albert , Ang Alvin
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this article is to determine the safety stock for an omni-channel environment. The “Square Root Law” (for centralization of storage facilities) was proposed to combine the safety stock for both online and offline channels. A simulation study was conducted using a spreadsheet program and three scenarios were created based on review time, lead time and safety factor. This was based on the mean demand and standard deviation of the product's demand distribution. The study found that the sum of lead time and review time are significant in determining the amount of safety stock, and demand variability is a crucial determinant for safety stock. Recommendations are provided as guidelines for lowering the amount of safety stock in omni-channel environment.
Data-Driven Cash Replenishment Planning of Recycling ATMs with Out-of-Cash and Full-of-Cash Risks
Authors: Zhou Yongwu , Wang Qiran , Wu Yongzhong , Huang Mianmian
Published: February 2020

When banks replenish the cash held in automated teller machines (ATMs) it is crucial for them to reduce operational costs while maintaining service level. This article studies the replenishment planning for recycling ATMs, which allow cash deposits to be made as well as withdrawals. The problem is formulated as a special (s, S) inventory model with two safety stocks corresponding to out-of-stock and full-of-stock risks, based on which the ATMs to be replenished each day and the replenishment amount are determined. Experiments with real data show that the model can significantly reduce costs and improve the overall service level.
Machine Learning for Gastric Cancer Detection
Authors: Pouliakis Abraham , Foukas Periklis , Triantafyllou Konstantinos , Margari Niki , Karakitsou Efrossyni , Damaskou Vasileia , Koufopoulos Nektarios , Zoi Tsakiraki , Nifora Martha , Gouloumi Alina-Roxani , Panayiotides Ioannis G , Tzivras Michael
Published: February 2020

The objective of this study is the investigation of the potential value of a logistic regression model for the classification of gastric cytological data. The model was based on the morphological features of cell nuclei. The aim was the discrimination of benign from malignant nuclei and subsequently patients. Cytological images of gastric smears were analyzed by an image analysis system capable to extract cell nuclear features. Measurements from 50% of the patients were selected as a training set for model creation, while the measurements from the remaining patients were used as test set to validate the results. Furthermore, a model for the classification of individual patients, based on the classification of their cell nuclei has been developed. This approach set gave a correct classification at the level of 90% on the training and test sets on the nuclear level. Concluding the application of morphometric feature selection in combination with logistic regression may offer useful and complementary information about the potential of malignancy of gastric nuclei and patient cases.
Analysing Information Security Risk Ontologies
Authors: Meriah Ines , Rabai Latifa Ben Arfa
Published: February 2020

This research work presents existing security ontologies and identifies relevant security ontology requirements in information systems. Moreover, it proposes a new classification of security ontologies in which, two main families, namely ontologies-based security standards and ontologies-based security risk assessment, are defined. For each family, a set of related research works is selected and a thorough description of their security ontologies is presented. The purpose of this analysis is to identify security ontology requirements as well as ontological characteristics for each study in order to help a security decision maker to select an ontology based off of their security risks and requirements as well as their needed security models and standards. By selecting the appropriate ontology, security stakeholders support security compliance and risk assessment in an enterprise.
Slit2 May Underlie Divergent Induction by Thyrotropin of IL-23 and IL-12 in Human Fibrocytes
Authors: Fernando Roshini , Atkins Stephen J. , Smith Terry J.
Published: February 2020

IL-23 and IL-12, two structurally related heterodimeric cytokines sharing a common subunit, divergently promote Th cell development and expansion. Both cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), an autoimmune component of Graves disease. In TAO, CD34+ fibrocytes, putatively derived from bone marrow, can be identified in the orbit. There they masquerade as CD34+ orbital fibroblasts (OF) (CD34+ OF) and cohabitate with CD34− OF in a mixed fibroblast population (GD-OF). Slit2, a neural axon repellent, is expressed and released by CD34− OF and dampens the inflammatory phenotype of fibrocytes and CD34+ OF. In this study we report that thyrotropin (TSH) and the pathogenic, GD-specific monoclonal autoantibody, M22, robustly induce IL-23 in human fibrocytes; however, IL-12 expression is essentially undetectable in these cells under basal conditions or following TSH-stimulation. In contrast, IL-12 is considerably more inducible in GD-OF, cells failing to express IL-23. This divergent expression and induction of cytokines appears to result from cell type–specific regulation of both gene transcription and mRNA stabilities. It appears that the JNK pathway activity divergently attenuates IL-23p19 expression while enhancing that of IL-12p35. The shift from IL-23p19 expression in fibrocytes to that of IL-12p35 in their derivative CD34+ OF results from the actions of Slit2. Thus, Slit2 might represent a molecular determinant of balance between IL-23 and IL-12 expression, potentially governing immune responses in TAO.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Restricts Zika Virus Replication in Endothelial Cells by Potentiating Innate Antiviral Responses and Inhibiting Glycolysis
Authors: Singh Sneha , Singh Pawan Kumar , Suhail Hamid , Arumugaswami Vaithilingaraja , Pellett Philip E. , Giri Shailendra , Kumar Ashok
Published: February 2020

Viruses are known to perturb host cellular metabolism to enable their replication and spread. However, little is known about the interactions between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and host metabolism. Using primary human retinal vascular endothelial cells and an established human endothelial cell line, we investigated the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of energy metabolism, in response to ZIKV challenge. ZIKV infection caused a time-dependent reduction in the active phosphorylated state of AMPK and of its downstream target acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Pharmacological activation of AMPK using 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), metformin, and a specific AMPKα activator (GSK621) attenuated ZIKV replication. This activity was reversed by an AMPK inhibitor (compound C). Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of AMPK and the use of AMPKα−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts provided further evidence that AMPK has an antiviral effect on ZIKV replication. Consistent with its antiviral effect, AMPK activation potentiated the expression of genes with antiviral properties (e.g., IFNs, OAS2, ISG15, and MX1) and inhibited inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α and CCL5). Bioenergetic analysis showed that ZIKV infection evokes a glycolytic response, as evidenced by elevated extracellular acidification rate and increased expression of key glycolytic genes (GLUT1, HK2, TPI, and MCT4); activation of AMPK by AICAR treatment reduced this response. Consistent with this, 2-deoxyglucose, an inhibitor of glycolysis, augmented AMPK activity and attenuated ZIKV replication. Thus, our study demonstrates that the anti-ZIKV effect of AMPK signaling in endothelial cells is mediated by reduction of viral-induced glycolysis and enhanced innate antiviral responses.
T Cells Modified with CD70 as an Alternative Cellular Vaccine for Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Lee Sang-Eun , Shin A-Ri , Sohn Hyun-Jung , Cho Hyun-Il , Kim Tai-Gyu
Published: February 2020

PurposeSuccessful tumor eradication primarily depends on generation and maintenance of a large population of tumor-reactive CD8 T cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) are well-known potent antigen-presenting cells and have applied to clinics as potent antitumor therapeutic agents. However, high cost and difficulty in obtaining sufficient amounts for clinical use are the crucial drawbacks of DC-based vaccines. Here, we aimed to develop T cell–based vaccine capable of eliciting potent antitumor therapeutic effects by providing effective costimulatory signals.Materials and MethodsAntigenic peptide-loaded T cells transfected with retrovirus encoding costimulatory ligands CD70, CD80, OX40L, or 4-1BBL were assessed for antigen-specific CD8 T-cell responses and evaluated antitumor effects along with immunization of a mixture of synthetic peptides, poly-IC and anti-CD40 antibodies (TriVax).ResultsT cells expressing CD70 (CD70-T) exhibited similar level of stimulatory functionality and therapeutic efficacy as DCs. Moreover, CD70-T prime followed by TriVax booster heterologous vaccination elicited therapeutic antitumor effect against B16 melanoma where mediated by CD8 T cells but not CD4 T cells or natural killer cells. The combination with programmed death-ligand 1 blockade led to potent therapeutic efficacy which exhibited increased tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells. CD70-T pulsed with multi-antigenic peptide generated multiple antigen-specific polyvalent CD8 T cells that were capable of inhibiting tumor growth effectively. Moreover, CD70-T vaccination resulted in higher expansion and migration of adoptively transferred T cells into tumor sites and elicits enhanced therapeutic effects with peptide-based booster immu-nization.ConclusionThese results imply that T cells endowed with CD70 enable the design of effective vaccination strategies against solid cancer, which may overcome current limitations of DC-based vaccines.
Characterization of different adipose depots in fattened buffalo: histological features and expression profiling of adipocyte markers
Authors: Huang Jieping , Liu Xiaoyan , Feng Xue , Zhang Mingming , Qu Kaixing , Liu Jianyong , Wei Xuefeng , Huang Bizhi , Ma Yun
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Adipose tissue (AT) is a multi-depot organ in mammals. AT from various depots differs in composition and function. Revealing the composition feature of AT depots will provide valuable information for further research on the development and fat deposition patterns in buffalo. This study explored the cellular morphology and gene expression profiles of brown and beige markers in seven AT depots of fattened buffalo: three subcutaneous depots (back, sternum, and inguinal) and four visceral depots (perirenal, mesenteric, pericardial, and omental). Histological results showed unilocular adipocytes in all seven AT depots. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) mRNA, a brown and beige adipocyte gene, was detected in all depots with the highest level in VAT depots, and a limited number of UCP1-positive unilocular adipocytes were observed in the three VAT depots. The mRNAs of PPARG coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) and transmembrane protein 26 (TMEM26), brown or beige adipocyte markers, were identified in all seven depots and were mainly expressed in VAT depots. However, the mRNA of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 1 (ZIC1), a brown adipocyte-specific marker, was almost undetectable. Our results demonstrated that all seven AT depots are white adipose tissue (WAT), with potential function of non-shivering thermogenesis in fattened buffalo. Beige adipocytes are more active in VAT depots than in WAT depots. These results improve our knowledge on the feature of different adipose tissue depots in buffalo, which will be useful for the research of fat deposition.
Rainfall and weather conditions inducing intense landslide activity in northern Spain (Deba, Guipúzcoa)
Authors: Rivas Victoria , Remondo Juan , Bonachea Jaime , Sánchez-Espeso Javier
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The Deba area is intensely affected by frequent shallow landslides triggered by rainfall. Relationships between rainfall and landslides in northern Spain, particularly for rainfall events driving multiple movements simultaneously, have not been explored in depth so far. This contribution explores the role of rainfall in landslide activity during a quite long time span, (60 years), from a large network of rainfall gauges and a complete inventory of landslides, and utilizing three different strategies of analysis. 1,180 landslides have been inventoried, and 3,241 rainfall episodes automatically recognized and characterized in terms of rainfall amount, duration and intensity. Antecedent rainfall has also been considered. Six episodes of intense rainfall, which have produced multiple landslides (> 50 % of the recent past occurrences) have been identified. The analysis provides different results: the extraordinary character of the triggering rainfall has been assessed, the meteorological conditions associated to those extreme episodes have been recognized and empirical rainfall threshold producing multiple landslides has been found (I = 7.7D-0.428) and compared with others described in literature. Results show that multiple landslide occurrences are triggered by extreme convective rainfall, intense, short and with limited horizontal extent, as well as a marked summer-autumn seasonality, characteristic of Mediterranean climate.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 9 No. 1
Authors: Young Jenny
Published: February 2020

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (EMSD) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from November 1, 2019, to February 1, 2020. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether EMSD publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Daniel Badulescu, University of Oradea, RomaniaDavid Layfield, University of Maryland University College Asia., JapanGandhi Escajadillo Toledo, IVUDS, PeruGiacomo Chiesa, Politecnico di Torino, ItalyHebin Lin, International Environmental Management Services Ltd (IEMS), USAImen Hassen, University of Tunis El Manar, TunisiaKhan R. Rahaman, Khulna University, BangladeshMohammad Aghababaei, Washington State University, USANaeema Mohamed Alhosani, Assistant Dean for Student Affairs, United Arab EmiratesPankaj Maheshwari, University of Nevada, USASadegh Poozesh, University of Kentucky, USA
A Review of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Bangladesh: Status and Impact
Authors: Rashid Rafiath , Akkari Abdeljalil
Published: February 2020

This literature review has evaluated the effort and promise of investing in early childhood education in the context of Bangladesh in terms of policy, access, quality and impact. The findings on access showed that with improved policies and provisions from government, there has been a dramatic increase in pre-primary enrolment where along with government other private providers have come up in the early-years education space contributing significantly in terms of providing access. The review could not find consistent and disaggregated data on the access and provisions for the younger cohort of children aged 3 to 5 years old who are supposed to be under early childhood education provisions according to the ECCD policy. The review found evidences of positive correlation between quality and child learning outcomes in the context of Bangladesh, however, the criteria, definition and interpretation of ‘quality’ for ECE is yet to be studied and implemented. It is quite evident from the review that there are variation of teachers’ qualifications and lack of materials and evidences of pedagogical practices in the ECE classrooms. Along with quality, this review found impact of ECE in two areas: school readiness and primary school achievement.
Impact of Capital Inflows on Manufacturing Exports and Economic Growth: An Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Olayiwola Abiodun Sunday , Joseph Kehinde Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

A lot of studies have examined the relationship between capital inflows and economic growth in Nigeria; Most of these studies examined either oil export, non-oil export or total exports, without specific emphasis on manufacturing export; given that manufacturing export is fundamental to economic growth. In this case, we examined the dynamic impact of capital inflows on manufacturing exports and economic growth in Nigeria between 1981 and 2017 using annual data. Data collected were analyzed using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) econometric techniques and the results revealed that capital inflows have significant and positive impact on economic growth (t= 4.42884, p< 0.005) both in the short and long run; and positive but statistically insignificant impact on manufacturing exports (t= 0.73, p> 0.05). Therefore, the study concluded that capital inflows have significant impact on economic growth but no impact on the manufacturing exports in Nigeria; and we recommend that the government and monetary authorities’ in Nigeria should formulate economic policies that will promote manufacturing exports through adequate and efficient infrastructural facilities that would encourage the needed capital inflows to the manufacturing sector and increase the production of goods for local consumption and export.
Improving handoff efficiency from emergency department to intensive care
Authors: Hart Kelsey J. , Gormley Denise
Published: February 2020

The emergency department to intensive care unit nurse handoff process was found to be inefficient in a Midwest community hospital, resulting in prolonged admission times. The purpose of this project was to determine if implementation of a standardized bedside nurse handoff process would affect admission efficiency. Efficiency of nurse handoff, efficiency of emergency department to intensive care unit admissions, and rates of intensive care unit patient boarding in the emergency department were examined. A task force composed of staff nurses developed a standardized bedside nurse handoff process following guidelines from the literature. This new handoff process incorporated the evidence-based concepts of bedside report, standardization, and electronic medical record. Stakeholder and staff buy-in were obtained, and the process was implemented. Outcomes were evaluated six months prior to- and one-year post-implementation of the standardized bedside handoff process. Analysis of one-year post-implementation data revealed an improvement in average handoff time by 15 minutes, an improvement in average admission time by 17 minutes, and a reduction in intensive care unit patient boarding by 19.5%. By improving efficiency of the nurse handoff process, and therefore the admission process, the findings of this project have the potential to reduce patient boarding and improve the quality of patient care. This quality improvement project also contributes to a gap in the current body of evidence pertaining to interdepartmental nurse handoffs.
Relationship among organizational cynicism, perceived job insecurity and nurses’ work role performance
Authors: Mabrouk Sohair M. , Gab Allah Amal Refaat
Published: February 2020

Background and objective: Organizational cynicism is undesirable attitude that is reported to have a negative impact on employee security and performance. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship among staff nurses' levels of organizational cynicism, perceived job insecurity and work role performance.Methods: Descriptive correlational design was used to conduct this study. The study was conducted at a large university hospital, Egypt. Convenience sampling technique was employed to select (205) staff nurses. Three tools were used: Organizational Cynicism Scale, job insecurity scale, and Work role performance scale.Results: Organizational cynicism level was high, job insecurity level was moderate whereas nurses' work role performance was low. Organizational cynicism and all of its' three dimensions i.e. affective, cognition & behavioral had significant and positive relationship with job insecurity and negative with work role performance Also, there was a significant negative relationship between perceived job insecurity and work role performance.Conclusion: There were significant relationships among organizational cynicism, job insecurity and work role performance and theses three variables differed in relation to demographic characteristics of participants.
Gender Difference in the Scholastic Achievement Test (SAT) among School Adolescents
Authors: Akpotor Julie , Egbule Elizabeth Osita
Published: February 2020

The paper examined gender difference in the Scholastic Achievement Test (SAT) among senior secondary school adolescents using the physical science of physics in three (3) separate papers. The paper attempted to ascertain whether gender difference accounts for the score differential observed in the Scholastic Achievement Test (SAT). The study adopted a field experiment and a sample size of 410 respondents consisting of 208 males and 202 females respectively. The correlation matrix of the three (3) papers was performed and the two (2) hypotheses were tested with the quintessential Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that the gap between males and females widened from one paper to the other with males performing better than females in physics. It was therefore recommended that some motivational strategies should be adopted to stir up female adolescents in physics and other physical sciences as a way of enhancing their career prospects in science-related disciplines.
The Use of Cement in Hip Arthroplasty: A Contemporary Perspective
Authors: Blankstein Michael , Lentine Brandon , Nelms Nathaniel J.
Published: February 2020

Notable advances in hip arthroplasty implants and techniques over the past 60 years have yielded excellent survivorship of fully cemented, hybrid, and reverse hybrid total hip replacements as demonstrated in joint registries worldwide. Major advances in noncemented implants have reduced the use of cement, particularly in North America. Noncemented implants predominate today based on procedural efficiency, concern related to thromboembolic risk, and a historic belief that cement was the primary cause of osteolysis and implant loosening. With the decline of cemented techniques, press-fit fixation has become common even in osteoporotic elderly patients. Unfortunately, there is a troubling rise in intraoperative, as well as early and late postoperative periprosthetic fractures associated with the use of noncemented implants. Despite the success of noncemented fixation, an understanding of modern cement techniques and cemented implant designs is useful to mitigate the risk of periprosthetic fractures. Cemented acetabular components can be considered in elderly patients with osteoporotic or pathologic bone. Cemented stems should be considered with abnormal proximal femoral morphology, conversion of failed hip fixation, inflammatory arthritis, patient age over 75 (especially women), osteoporotic bone (Dorr C), and in the treatment of femoral neck fractures.
Analysis of Spacial Narrative in Point Omega
Authors: Hu Yue
Published: February 2020

Spatial narrative is an emerging theory of Narratology since Joseph Frank proposed it in 1945. Point Omega is one of Don Delillo’s work, completed in 2010, mainly tells stories about two persons: a nameless person alone in museum exhibition hall to watch a silent film and a high-level war adviser Richard Elster, away from the city in seclusion in the desert. This paper use spatial narrative to analyze the theme of Point Omega, which is divided into four parts: the first part briefly introduces spatial narrative and Point Omega; in the second part, the literature in China and others of spatial narrative and Omega Point are reviewed; in the third part, the text is interpreted from three aspects of spatial narrative, physical form, text structure and narrative perspective; the fourth part summarizes how the novel reflects the influence of the concept of time on people’s lives.
Ideal Classroom Setting for English Language Teaching Through the Views of English Language Teachers (A Sample from Turkey)
Authors: Yıldız Canan Demir
Published: February 2020

English is the most common foreign language given as a class in Turkey. Although English language education has been given for many years, it is seen that there is not a desired result yet. There are many factors that affect this situation such as language, program, method, language education policies, teacher, and student. One of the factors affecting language education is the pysical classroom setting. Within this context, it is searched for ideal classroom setting in language education at high schools. 22 English language teachers from 9 different high schools participated in the study. Views of teachers were reported to Word and analyzed through content analysis. In the context of the current research, it is stated that there are some technological problems, the areas where foreign language materials are exhibited in the classroom environment are limited, and the classrooms do not allow different seating arrangements. According to English language teachers, it was stated that there should be technological equipment and hardware in an ideal language learning setting, there should be sufficient areas for displaying visual materials, furniture should be flexible and classroom population should be at an ideal level.
Ethical Issues of Informed Consent: Students as Participants in Faculty Research
Authors: Tulyakul Phatcharapon , Meepring Soontareeporn
Published: February 2020

Educators may face an ethical dilemma when they conduct research by using their own students as participants. The dual role conflict, coercion, confidentiality, misconstruction, and unawareness of the informed consent documents have been discussed as ethical issues in such faculty research. The educators as the researchers should be aware of these ethical dilemmas and attempt to implement the informed consent effectively. Thus, this article explores the ethical considerations of informed consent for the educational setting that students are recruited in the faculty research. Furthermore, this article represented recommendations for potentially resolving the ethical dilemmas of informed consent surrounding this phenomenon which consisted of eliminating dual role conflict and coercion, guarding confidentiality, and promoting good construction and awareness of the informed consent documents.
Nostalgia: An Attractive Theme for Marketing Researchers
Authors: Hajlaoui Leila Lefi , Gharbi Abderrazak
Published: February 2020

The use of nostalgia in the marketing domain has been the subject of several researches about consumer behaviour in general and advertising in particular. This multi-faceted concept offers a better understanding of consumer behavior and brand preferences on one side, as well as a better understanding of the purchase intent. This paper discusses the nostalgia theories from different perspectives. It provides an overview of the contributions in the marketing domain for a better use of this concept by marketers.