bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of a MethyLight assay for methylated SFRP2 DNA detection in colorectal cancer tissue and serum
Authors: Li Hui , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhao Guodong , Ma Yong , Chen Ying , Xue Qi , Zheng Minxue , Fei Sujuan
Published: March 2019

Background:

Colorectal cancer is one of the five most common cancers in China, and its incidence is steadily increasing. An accurate and non-invasive screening method is needed to increase the population uptake of colorectal cancer screening. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 ( SFRP2) has been found to be hypermethylated in most colorectal cancer patients, and it may fulfill the role of a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening.

Methods:

Methylation status of SFRP2 was examined in 17 cancer tissues and paired adjacent paracancer tissues by a new SFRP2 MethyLight assay, which was also used to test the serum of 62 patients with colorectal cancer and 55 normal individuals.

Results:

The limit of detection of the SFRP2 MethyLight assay was about 200 pg per reaction. The SFRP2 methylation level was higher in 94.1% colorectal cancer tissues than in paired adjacent paracancer tissues ( P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of SFRP2 for detecting colorectal cancer in serum were 69.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 56.2, 80.1%) and 87.3% (95% CI 74.9, 94.3%), respectively.

Conclusion:

SFRP2 methylation in serum has the potential to be a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening.
Serum carcinoembryonic antigen to predict recurrence in the follow-up of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Ramphal Winesh , Boeding Jeske R.E. , van Iwaarden Maartje , Schreinemakers Jennifer M.J. , Rutten Harm J.T. , Crolla Rogier M.P.H. , Gobardhan Paul D.
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

Serum carcinoembryonic (CEA) antigen is used as a diagnostic screening tool during follow-up in colorectal cancer patients. However, it remains unclear whether preoperative serum CEA is a reliable marker in the follow-up to predict recurrence. The aim of the study is to determine the value of elevated pre- and postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels (CEA > 5 µg/L) as an independent prognostic factor for locoregional and distant recurrence in patients who underwent curative surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods:

This single center retrospective observational cohort study includes patients who underwent curative surgery for colorectal cancer between 2005 and 2015 and had pre- and postoperative serum CEA measurements. Five-year disease-free survival and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to adjust for confounding factors.

Results:

Preoperative serum CEA level was measured in 2093 patients with colorectal cancer. No significant association was found between an elevated preoperative serum CEA and locoregional recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.29 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91, 1.84; P=0.26)). However, a significant association was found between an elevated preoperative serum CEA and systemic recurrence (adjusted HR 1.58 (95% CI 1.25, 2.00; P<0.01)]. The five-year disease-free survival was lower in patients with elevated preoperative serum CEA levels ( P<0.01). Postoperative serum CEA level was the most sensitive for hepatic metastases during follow-up (73.3%).

Conclusions:

The preoperative serum CEA level is an independent prognostic factor for systemic metastasis after curative surgery for colorectal cancer in patients with stage I–III disease. The level is the most sensitive for hepatic metastasis compared to metastasis to other anatomic sites.
MicroRNA-373 promotes the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting LATS2 and OXR1
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Lifeng , Chang Weidong , Li Yongfang , Wang Linsong
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

MicroRNA373 was highly expressed in many tumors including esophageal cancer. However, its molecular mechanism is still unclear, especially epigenetic modification, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods:

In this study, we investigated serum levels of the miR-371-373 cluster in ESCC patients before and after surgical removal, and further focused on the expression level of miR-373-3p in tumor tissues of ESCC patients and its target genes. In addition, the epigenetic alterations of miR-373-3p promoter was analyzed.

Results:

The expression levels of miR-371-5p and miR-373-3p were significantly increased in preoperative serum of ESCC patients compared with that of healthy volunteers ( P<0.01); however, they dropped significantly after surgical removal ( P<0.01). Compared with adjacent normal tissues, miR-373-3p also showed significant up-regulation in cancer tissues ( P<0.05). The methylation levels of miR-373-3p promoter were 42.86% in ESCC cancer tissue and 66.67% in adjacent normal tissues. The low methylation of the miR-373-3p promoter may promote the expression of miR-373-3p. Large tumor suppressor 2 ( LATS2) and oxidation resistance 1( OXR1) are predicted to be targets of miR-373-3p by the bioinformatics method. They are the genes in the Hippo and the p53 signaling pathway, respectively. Their respective upstream genes, neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and Jun Kinase, and the downstream genes, transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and caspase 9, were also detected. The expression of all these genes were significantly decreased in ESCC cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues.

Conclusions:

This study shows that DNA epigenetic modification in the miR-373-3p promoter region and the Hippo and p53 signaling pathways play important roles during the miR-373-3p mediating ESCC development process.
Correlated reliability and an application: Propulsive landing on Mars
Authors: Sarper Hüseyin
Published: March 2019

This article discusses reliability of landers and provides a review and examples of correlated reliability. Examples are cited to show generally beneficial effects of correlation in system reliability. Then, reliabilities of two near future landing systems are studied using two analytical (Downton, and Marshall & Olkin) bivariate exponential distributions and two simulation methods that incorporate correlation in reliability calculations. Both landing systems are composed of correlated two-unit subsystems. Numerical examples show mean system life, standard deviation of the system life, mean system life confidence interval, and reliability for each lander’s propulsive descent. Both simulation method results are in between the results obtained from the two analytical methods and Downton’s method yields the most conservative reliability. This article also shows how the Downton method–based reliability value can be predicted as a function of the reliabilities obtained from the other three methods. An up-to-date literature review of all related topics is also provided.
The experiences of health care professionals, patients, and families of the process of referral and admission to intensive care: A systematic literature review
Authors: Rees Sophie , Griffiths Frances , Bassford Christopher , Brooke Mike , Fritz Zoe , Huang Huayi , Rees Karen , Turner Jake , Slowther Anne-Marie
Published: March 2019

Treatment in an intensive care unit can be life-saving but it can be distressing and not every patient can benefit. Decisions to admit a patient to an intensive care unit are complex. We wished to explore how the decision to refer or admit is experienced by those involved, and undertook a systematic review of the literature to answer the research question: What are the experiences of health care professionals, patients, and families, of the process of referral and admission to an intensive care unit? Twelve relevant studies were identified, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Most studies involved health care professionals, with only two considering patients' or families' experiences. Four themes were identified which influenced experiences of intensive care unit referral and review: the professional environment; communication; the allocation of limited resources; and acknowledging uncertainty. Patients' and families' experiences have been under-researched in this area.
Medical–legal partnerships: 11 years' experience of providing acute legal advice for critically ill patients and their families
Authors: Eynon C. Andrew , Robinson Lucy J. , Smith Kara M.
Published: March 2019

Background

Medical–legal partnerships integrate lawyers into health care to identify and address legal problems that can create and perpetuate disparities in health for patients and their families. They have previously been utilised for patients who are at high-risk of being disadvantaged such as the elderly, the disabled and those affected by chronic diseases. We have used a partnership to address the legal needs of patients with acute, critical illness including major trauma.

Method

In 2007, a free, comprehensive legal advice service was established at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust. The service is bound by strict guidelines which have been endorsed by NHS England. The legal service is specifically prevented from acting against the NHS. A retrospective analysis of the service over a period of 11 years was undertaken to look at the range of legal advice sought. Where a potential compensation claim against a third party was identified, the percentage of cases where the legal service was instructed was noted and the outcome for those cases was examined in further detail.

Results

Five hundred and fifty-one patients and or their families have been referred to the legal service. Of these, 343 had sustained major trauma. Over 2300 hours of free legal advice were provided on non-compensation issues, primarily related to welfare benefits, local authority assistance, obtaining power of attorney or seeking Deputyship from the Court of Protection and claims against existing insurance policies. Two hundred and seventy-five of the 551 patients (50%) were found to have a potential compensation claim against a third party. The legal service was instructed to pursue a claim in 82 cases. Interim payments of nearly £13 million were provided and £128 million of compensation has been awarded in 51 cases that have been settled.

Discussion

Medical–legal partnerships are well-established in the USA. We have demonstrated that in UK, there is a demand for early legal advice for patients who have sustained critical illness including major trauma. More data are required to identify the rehabilitation outcomes for patients who have received legal support. A similar medical–legal partnership should be considered at every acute NHS Trust.
Microsatellite loci and the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence characterised through next-generation sequencing and de novo genome assembly, and a preliminary assessment of population genetic structure for the Australian crane, Antigone rubicunda
Authors: Miller Adam D , Veltheim Inka , Nevard Timothy , Gan Han Ming , Haase Martin
Published: March 2019

The Brolga ( Antigone rubicunda) is a large Australian crane species with a broad distribution spanning from the tropical north to the south-eastern regions of the continent. Brolga populations throughout New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia have been in decline since the early twentieth century, with the species being listed as vulnerable in each state. To aid future conservation of the species, its taxonomic status needs to be validated, and patterns of gene flow and population connectivity across the species distribution need to be understood. To assist future genetic studies, we developed a suite of polymorphic microsatellite markers and the complete mitochondrial genome sequence by next-generation sequencing. A total of 18 polymorphic loci were characterised using DNA extractions from 47 individuals, comprising 30 and 17 individuals from Victoria and northern Australia, respectively. We observed moderate genetic variation across loci with only a single locus deviating significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. De novo and reference-based genome assemblies were used to assemble the A. rubicunda mitochondrial genome sequence, which consists of 16,700 base pairs, and a typical metazoan mitochondrial gene content and arrangement. We test these new markers by conducting a preliminary analysis of genetic structure between south-eastern and northern Australian Brolga populations. Mitochondrial analyses provided evidence of shared haplotypes across the species range supporting the conspecific status of extant populations, while microsatellite markers indicated weak but significant genetic differentiation suggesting gene flow is limited. We discuss the implications of these findings and the benefits that these genetic markers will provide for future population genetic research on this iconic Australian bird species.
State of the Science: A Scoping Review and Gap Analysis of Diabetes Online Communities
Authors: Litchman Michelle L. , Walker Heather R. , Ng Ashley H. , Wawrzynski Sarah E. , Oser Sean M. , Greenwood Deborah A. , Gee Perry M. , Lackey Mellanye , Oser Tamara K.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Individuals with diabetes are using online resources to engage in diabetes online communities to find diabetes-related support and information. The benefits and consequences of DOC (diabetes online community) use are unclear. This scoping review aims to map existing research focused on organic DOCs in which individuals affected by diabetes are interacting with peers.

Method:

A scoping review was conducted to comprehensively report and synthesize relevant literature published prior to 2018. Attention was paid to variations in study design, DOC user and platform characteristics, and potential or actual benefits and consequences.

Results:

Of the 14 486 titles identified, 47 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this scoping review. No overt definition of the DOC could be identified. Perceived or actual benefits associated with DOC use can be broadly categorized as clinical, behavioral, psychosocial and community outcomes. Perceived, potential, or actual consequences associated with DOC use were categorized as quality of information, risky behavior exploration, acute concerns, psychosocial, privacy, and inactivity.

Conclusions:

The results of this review strongly suggest DOC use is highly beneficial with relatively few negative consequences. DOC use is an emerging area of research and research gaps exist. Future research should seek to identify benefits and consequences to DOC use in experimental trials.
The future of penile prosthetic surgery in the UK
Authors: Bates AS , Pearce I , Terry TR
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

The provision of penile prosthetic surgery (PPS) in the United Kingdom needs to be reviewed given the twin popular philosophies of Centres of Excellence, as defined by high case volume yielding best outcomes, and Getting It Right First Time (GIRFT), defined as effective and efficient use of resources.

Methods:

To recognise centres of high volume of PPS and their location, we interrogated Hospital Episode Statistic (HES) data between 2014 and 2017. From this analysis we advance a model of the 10 British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) regions in England providing PPS, working largely to recommendations made by National Health Service (NHS) England through its Clinical Commissioning Policy for Penile Prosthesis.

Results:

Between 2014 and 2017, there were 2361 surgical procedures undertaken, and of these, primary implantations numbered 1330 and revisions 1031. University College London Hospitals performed more than 50% of all primary implantations and 52% of all revisions. Across England for the year 2017, there were 301 primary implantations and 442 revisions.

Discussion:

We suggest that revision surgery for device mechanical failure should be within the remit of these centres but referral of complex revision surgery irrespective of aetiology may warrant referral to defined tertiary centres in London, the Midlands and the North of England.

Conclusion:

Prospective data on patient outcomes from PPS are urgently needed, and NHS England should regard a national database of PPS as essential. We advance a model of the 10 BAUS regions in England providing PPS as a distributed and geographically equitable network for primary implantation. A regionalised network of revision surgery should be considered.

Level of evidence:

Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
Persuasion of voices: The effects of a speaker’s voice characteristics and gender on consumers’ responses
Authors: Zoghaib Alice
Published: March 2019

Voices are present in most communications. Yet, the literature on voice persuasion is astonishingly limited and fragmented, focusing on certain voice characteristics (e.g. pitch), contexts, and providing mixed results. This research attempts to integrate the various constructs and mechanisms involved in voice persuasion as a result of the cross-fertilization of the disciplines having studied voice (psychoacoustics, cognitive psychology, anthropology, psycho-sociology, marketing, and politics). Study 1 manipulates via acoustic software the key voice characteristics (i.e. pitch, roughness, and brightness) and gender of a speaker heard in a radio advertisement for a neutral, non-gendered product category. Study 2 explores a potential boundary condition of the effects of voice, the presence of context-specific expectations toward the speaker (i.e. gender and competence level), by manipulating the voice of a political candidate. The effects of the voice characteristics are consistent in both contexts: speakers with low- (vs high-) pitched, dull (vs bright), and smooth (vs rough) voices are the most effective. Speakers with high-pitched, dull, and smooth voices are perceived as the most competent. Finally, speaker gender plays a secondary persuasive role; listener gender only plays a role in the absence of context-specific expectations toward the speaker. Implications for voice and speaker persuasion as well as for voice casting and coaching are discussed.
Mobile Outreach: An Innovative Program for Older Orthopedic Patients in Care Facilities
Authors: Switzer Julie A. , Schroder Lisa K.
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

The worldwide incidence of fragility fractures is increasing and the greatest burden is borne by the oldest population. Mobile Outreach, an innovative orthopedic-based program providing on-site musculoskeletal care for individuals in nursing care facilities, was implemented as part of our Geriatric Orthopaedic Trauma Program. The objectives of this report are to describe characteristics of patients cared for through Mobile Outreach and to report specific services provided.

Program Description:

Based from a nonprofit, private hospital that serves as the community’s level 1 trauma center and teaching hospital, the Mobile Outreach Program is directed by an orthopedic surgeon with geriatric subspecialization and staffed by a full-time geriatric nurse practitioner. Patients receive care for musculoskeletal concerns and fracture assessments at their nursing care facilities by a Mobile Outreach care provider. Referral for care is from nursing care facilities or as scheduled postoperative follow-up.

Results:

In 2016, the program treated 458 patients (76% female) in the patients’ care settings for a total of 689 visits. The mean age was 81 years (standard deviation = 14; range 25-107). Care of patients included nonoperative fracture care in 100 (22%), postoperative fracture follow-up in 149 (33%), injections for pain management in 184 (40%), and other orthopedic care in 25 (5%). Visits occurred at 88 facilities, mean 7 visits per site (range 1-57).

Conclusions:

Mobile Outreach was implemented to improve postoperative fracture care in the elderly patients. The program also provides on-site nonoperative fracture care and care of frail elderly individuals with chronic musculoskeletal conditions. This report aims to establish the feasibility of a program focused on the provision of appropriate, coordinated care for older fracture patients in their care facility. Level of Evidence: Level V.
Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Ethiopia and Rwanda: A Qualitative Exploration of the Role of Social Norms
Authors: Coast Ernestina , Jones Nicola , Francoise Umutoni Marie , Yadete Workneh , Isimbi Roberte , Gezahegne Kiya , Lunin Letisha
Published: March 2019

This article seeks to address the dearth of evidence on early adolescent understandings and experiences of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in Ethiopia and Rwanda, drawing on a multisite qualitative research study with 10- to 12-year-old and 14- to 15-year-old male and female adolescents and a range of adult participants. The article is informed by a conceptual framework that draws on Amartya Sen’s capability approach, which calls for investments in a broad set of assets that expand individuals’ capacity to “be” and to “do.” Using SRH as a focal lens, the article considers the role played by gendered social norms in adolescents’ experiences of SRH-related understandings and experiences. Three key interrelated gender themes emerge from our thematic analyses of qualitative evidence generated by our multimethods approach: puberty transitions, sexuality, and victim blaming. In our analyses, we pay attention to diversity (e.g., age, gender, place of residence) among adolescents within and across the two focal countries and consider how discriminatory gendered social norms play a role in hindering the effective uptake of expanding health services. We conclude by emphasizing the need for program designers and implementers to address the role of underlying social norms in a more strategic and context-specific way to help young people navigate their sexual and reproductive lives.
Hereditary Cancer Genetic Panel Testing: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Harris Gillian P. , Hutson Sadie P.
Published: March 2019

Cancer genetic testing (CGT) is a powerful diagnostic test that improves cancer prevention and early detection among individuals at high genetic risk of cancer. Since the completion of the mapping of the Human Genome Project, CGT has become increasingly available in the clinical setting. However, as gene discovery and sequencing technology improve, the impact of these advancements on patients is less understood. The use of multigene cancer gene panel tests has become increasingly prevalent; as such, the likelihood of incidental or inconclusive findings has increased. The author conducted a literature review to outline the science on CGT methods, the psychosocial responses to testing among patients, and the unique role of nurses in this process. A significant gap in the literature exists regarding multigene cancer genetic panel tests and the associated experiences and decision-making processes among individuals who have had testing. Future research will specifically explore the experiences of young women with breast cancer who have undergone hereditary cancer risk assessment genetic panel testing that reveals incidental or inconclusive findings.
Measuring Adolescent Influence Tactics With Parents in Family Vacation Decisions: A Comparable Scale Across 19 Societies
Authors: Su Che-Jen , Liao Hsin-Hsing , Lorgnier Nicolas , Yen Wen-Shen , Bouchet Patrick , Hirooka Yuichi , Jallouli Rim , Roberts-Lombard Mornay , Lan Yi-Fang
Published: March 2019

Exhibiting evidence of the applicability of scales developed in one society to other societies is a critical issue in establishing the general models of consumer behavior. This study investigates the measurement model of adolescent influence tactics with their parents in family vacation decision making in 19 societies. By conducting a series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, adolescent influence behavior emerges in a refined and validated model of four subscales indicating its construct equivalence across societies. Procrustes rotation assessing the similarity of each society’s factor structure reveals a substantial degree of metric equivalence. Moreover, the original measures of influence tactics were relatively free from cross-cultural response bias, achieving the necessary degree of scalar equivalence. Our findings not only furnish future empirical research with cross-societal evidence of the generalized model of measuring adolescent influence behaviors but also highlight the participative role that adolescents play in family vacation decisions.
Shift Work, Light at Night, and the Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Reed Virginia A.
Published: March 2019

Studies of the effect of shift work have identified several negative health outcomes, most notably breast cancer. Disruption of circadian rhythm by exposure to light at night has been identified as the mechanism likely responsible for this outcome. This article recommends that health care institutions work with occupational health nurses to develop and implement hazard communication and policies concerning shift work, exposure to light at night, and increased risk for negative health outcomes, particularly breast cancer.
Selective Estrogen Modulators for the Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer
Authors: Chalupka Stephanie
Published: March 2019

Selective estrogen modulators can be used in the primary prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
The Role of the Professional Supervisor
Authors: Lukes Eileen
Published: March 2019

This article provides an overview of the responsibilities of the professional supervisor.
Facilitating Repositioning in Bed
Authors: Fragala Guy
Published: March 2019

Repositioning patients in bed presents an occupational hazard to direct care nursing staff. Much research has been conducted in the area of safe patient handling and movement. However, little progress has been made in reducing risks associated with patient repositioning, especially pulling patients toward the head of the bed. This laboratory study investigated risk reduction achieved by introducing the gravity assist feature into bed system design for post-acute health care. Through the application of gravity assist, the amount of work required to reposition a simulated 200-pound patient was reduced by 67%. This reduction in work should reduce some of the occupational risk for nurses.
Presenteeism Revisited
Authors: Lack Diane M.
Published: March 2019

Presenteeism is defined as employees being present at work but unable to be fully engaged in the work environment. Although presenteeism is pervasive in the workplace, the effects of the condition on employee health and productivity are less well understood. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the concept of presenteeism, including research and management practices.
Ergonomic Microscope Comfort and Control
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth Anne
Published: March 2019

Microscope use in the Inspection phase of computer chip manufacturing is a major cause of worker discomfort and injury. A two-phase ergonomics project to reduce employee fatigue and discomfort was planned, implemented, and evaluated in a microscope user environment within a high-technology manufacturing environment. Total Quality Management methodology and tools were employed by a multidisciplinary team led by an occupational health nurse practitioner to accomplish the project goals. A multifaceted approach including equipment changes, administrative changes, and focused training for behavior changes achieved the desired reduction in reports of fatigue and discomfort among microscope users. Occupational health nurses are ideal candidates to lead teams to accomplish meaningful health and safety goals consistent with corporate quality initiatives and strategic objectives.
Barriers to Physical Activity among Working Mothers
Authors: Dombrowski Jill J.
Published: March 2019

Working mothers experience several barriers to physical activity. If these barriers can be identified by occupational health nurses and they can partner with working mothers to reduce these perceived barriers, the health of these workers can be improved and chronic disease risk prevented. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of self-regulatory efficacy on physical activity among working mothers and to describe specific barriers to physical activity. The Barriers Specific Self-Efficacy Scale (BARSE) and the Kaiser Physical Activity Survey (KPAS) were used to measure the variables. Self-regulatory efficacy was found to be a strong predictor of physical activity in a diverse sample of working mothers who did not meet current recommendations for physical activity. Occupational health nurses can use these findings to design programs for groups and for counseling individuals.
Relationship between System-Level Characteristics of Assisted Living Facilities and the Health and Safety of Unlicensed Staff
Authors: McKenzie Glenise L. , Teri Linda , Salazar Mary K. , Farran Carol J. , Beck Cornelia , Paun Olimpia
Published: March 2019

This study examined system-level characteristics of assisted living facilities and the association between these characteristics and the health and safety outcomes of unlicensed staff. Forty-two unlicensed direct care workers completed a survey related to system-level stressors and the individual stress responses of staff. Measurement tools included the Work Stressor Inventory (WSI), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). High levels of emotional exhaustion, psychiatric distress, and work-related injuries were reported by unlicensed staff. Providing care to residents with dementia-related behaviors and supporting families were the most frequently reported work stressors. System-level factors were significantly associated with staff role competence, job commitment, and emotional exhaustion. These results support the need for continued exploration, development, and evaluation of strategies to reduce occupational stressors at multiple levels in assisted living facilities.
Diabetes at Work
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth Anne
Published: March 2019

Diabetes at Work is a qualitative grounded-theory pilot study designed to examine the factors impacting older adults' experience managing diabetes in the workplace and maintaining gainful employment. Six working adults, 55 years and older, with Type 2 diabetes were interviewed from a symbolic interactionist perspective using grounded-theory methodology. Categories that arose from this study included minimalization, fearing the future, and taking up diabetes self-management at work. The results provide insight for occupational health nurses about the issues faced by older workers with chronic disease, a starting point for planning future interventions with this potentially vulnerable population.
Stretching to Prevent Musculoskeletal Injuries
Authors: Gartley Rosanna M. , Prosser J. Lynn
Published: March 2019

A pre-shift stretching protocol to reduce employee injuries was initiated at a beverage company and a tin mill in the northeastern United States. The primary goal of this study was to determine the effects of a pre-shift stretching program on work-related musculoskeletal injuries. A secondary goal was to evaluate daily participation compliance during the 90-day program. Data on employee injuries during the stretching program were collected and compared to injury events during the same time period 1 year earlier. Comparison to injury events of the total eligible population during the study time frame was also included. Results of this pilot program in terms of injury rate reduction and participant compliance are promising. Study results may be useful for employers considering implementing similar programs and also suggest the need for further study in this area.
Implementation of Occupational Health Service Improvements through Application of Total Quality Management Processes
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth Anne
Published: March 2019

The occupational health services department for a manufacturing division of a high-technology firm was redesigned from an outsourced model, in which most services were provided by an outside clinic vendor, to an in-house service model, in which services were provided by an on-site nurse practitioner. The redesign and implementation, accomplished by a cross-functional team using Total Quality Management processes, resulted in a comprehensive occupational health services department that realized significant cost reduction, increased compliance with regulatory and company requirements, and improved employee satisfaction. Implications of this project for occupational health nurses are discussed.
Efficiency of Workplace Surveys Conducted by Finnish Occupational Health Services
Authors: Savinainen Minna , Oksa Panu
Published: March 2019

In Finland, workplace surveys are used to identify and assess health risks and problems caused by work and make suggestions for continuous improvement of the work environment. With the aid of the workplace survey, occupational health services can be tailored to a company. The aims of this study were to determine how occupational health professionals gather data via the workplace survey and the effect survey results have on companies. A total of 259 occupational health nurses and 108 occupational health physicians responded to the questionnaire: 84.2% were women and 15.8% were men. The mean age of the respondents was 48.8 years (range, 26 to 65 years). Usually occupational health nurses and foremen and sometimes occupational health physicians and occupational safety and health representatives initiate the workplace survey. More than 90% of the surveys were followed by action proposals, and about 50% of these were implemented. The proposals implemented most often concerned personal protective equipment and less often leadership. Survey respondents should have both the opportunity and the authority to affect resources, the work environment, work arrangements, and tools. Teamwork among occupational health and safety professionals, management, and employees is vital for cost-effectively solving today's complex problems at workplaces around the globe.
Occupational Reproductive Health and Pregnancy Hazards Confronting Health Care Workers
Authors: Gonzalez Cynthia
Published: March 2019

This article describes many of the potential workplace hazards confronting pregnant health care workers.
Promoting Occupational Health Nursing Training
Authors: Ward Julie A. , Beaton Randal D. , Bruck Annie M. , de Castro A. B.
Published: March 2019

In 2009, occupational health nursing faculty and professionals at the University of Washington developed an innovative continuing nursing education offering, the OHN Institute. The OHN Institute was designed to meet the following objectives: (1) extend basic occupational health nursing training to non-occupational health nurses in Federal Region X, (2) target new occupational health nurses or those who possessed little or no advanced education in occupational health nursing, and (3) offer a hybrid continuing nursing education program consisting of on-site and distance learning modalities. Evaluation findings suggested that the various continuing nursing education modalities and formats (e.g., asynchronous vs. synchronous, online modules vs. live modules) were essentially comparable in terms of effectiveness. Perhaps most importantly, the OHN Institute evaluation demonstrated that quality continuing nursing education outcomes for occupational health nurses depended largely on knowledgeable and engaging faculty and a compelling vision of desired outcomes, including the application of learned content to professional practice.
The Effect of Oil Spills on Workers Involved in Containment and Abatement
Authors: Moore Roberta , Burns Candace M.
Published: March 2019

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is the most recent manmade disaster to challenge occupational health nurses caring for a unique worker population. The effects of oil spills on wildlife, marine life, and the ecosystem are well studied and documented, but the effects on workers who contain and abate such disasters are not. These workers can suffer from a multitude of illnesses and injuries, such as ataxia, migraines, and various lung diseases, which can be a challenge for occupational health nurses.
Success of a Diabetes Health Management Program in Employer-Based Health Care Centers
Authors: McCarver Patti
Published: March 2019

Population health-based chronic care models of care are useful in improving the health of a population while decreasing the health care dollars spent on the population. Diabetes is a disease that can be evaluated and treated using these models of care. The Metro Nashville Public Schools Diabetes Health Management Program has been shown to be beneficial to both clients and their insurance trust in improving the health of this population of individuals and decreasing the dollars spent on this disease.
A Study of Brand Equity Formation in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods Category
Authors: Shariq Mohammad
Published: March 2019

Purpose:

To identify key relationships in building brand equity in the fast-moving consumer good (FMCG) category in the United Arab Emirates.

Design/methodology/approach:

It is postulated that marketing elements impact brand equity dimensions which in turn impact the brand equity construct. Five marketing mix elements were selected—price, distribution intensity, advertising, price promotions and non-price promotions, and four dimensions of brand awareness, brand loyalty, perceived quality and brand associations, finally to overall brand equity. Data were collected from a broad sample. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among the 10 constructs.

Findings:

Brand loyalty and perceived quality have a significant impact on brand equity, whereas brand awareness and brand association were weak. Brand awareness has a significant influence on brand loyalty. Distribution intensity and non-price promotions have a positive relationship with all the brand equity dimensions, whereas weak support was determined for pricing and advertising.

Conclusion:

In the FMCG category building strong brand awareness combined with wide distribution and supported by non-price promotions are critical to building brand loyalty which in turn impacts brand equity.

Originality/value:

This study contributes to the general body of knowledge on branding and provides a starting point for further research in the region.
A randomized controlled trial of trigger finger release under digital anesthesia with (WALANT) and without adrenaline
Authors: Mohd Rashid Mohd Zaim , Sapuan Jamari , Abdullah Shalimar
Published: March 2019

Background:

Trigger finger release utilizing wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) usage in extremity surgery is not widely used in our setting due to the possibility of necrosis. Usage of a tourniquet is generally acceptable for providing surgical field hemostasis. We evaluate hemostasis score, surgical field visibility, onset and duration of anesthesia, pain score, and the duration of surgery and potential side effects of WALANT.

Methods:

Eighty-six patients scheduled for trigger finger release between July 2016 and December 2017 were randomized into a control group (1% lignocaine and 8.4% sodium bicarbonate with arm tourniquet; given 10 min prior to procedure) and an intervention group (1% lignocaine, 1:100,000 of adrenaline and 8.4% sodium bicarbonate; given 30 min prior to procedure), with a total of 4 ml of solution injected around the A1 pulley. The onset of anesthesia and pain score upon injection of the first 1 ml were recorded. After the procedure, the surgeon rated for the hemostasis score (1–10: 1 as no bleeding and 10 being profuse bleeding). Duration of surgery and return of sensation were recorded.

Results:

Hemostasis score was grouped into visibility score as 1–3: good, 4–6: moderate, and 7–10: poor. The intervention group (with adrenaline) had a 74% of good surgical field visibility compared to 44% from the controlled group (without adrenaline; p < 0.05). Duration of anesthesia was longer in the intervention group (with adrenaline), with a 2.77-h difference.

Conclusion:

WALANT provides excellent surgical field visibility and is safe and on par with conventional methods but without the usage of a tourniquet and its associated discomfort.
Simplifying the diagnosis of inherited platelet disorders? The new tools do not make it any easier
Authors: Greinacher Andreas , Eekels Julia J. M.
Published: March 2019

The molecular causes of many inherited platelet disorders are being unraveled. Next-generation sequencing facilitates diagnosis in 30% to 50% of patients. However, interpretation of genetic variants is challenging and requires careful evaluation in the context of a patient’s phenotype. Before detailed testing is initiated, the treating physician and patient should establish an understanding of why testing is being performed and discuss potential consequences, especially before testing for variants in genes associated with an increased risk for hematologic malignancies.
Adjuvant Therapy for Resected Biliary Tract Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Shroff Rachna T. , Kennedy Erin B. , Bachini Melinda , Bekaii-Saab Tanios , Crane Christopher , Edeline Julien , El-Khoueiry Anthony , Feng Mary , Katz Matthew H.G. , Primrose John , Soares Heloisa P. , Valle Juan , Maithel Shishir K.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

To develop an evidence-based clinical practice guideline to assist in clinical decision making for patients with resected biliary tract cancer.

METHODS

ASCO convened an Expert Panel to conduct a systematic review of the literature on adjuvant therapy for resected biliary tract cancer and provide recommended care options for this patient population.

RESULTS

Three phase III randomized controlled trials, one phase II trial, and 16 retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on evidence from a phase III randomized controlled trial, patients with resected biliary tract cancer should be offered adjuvant capecitabine chemotherapy for a duration of 6 months. The dosing used in this trial is described in the qualifying statements, while it should be noted that the dose of capecitabine may also be determined by institutional and regional practices. Patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder cancer and a microscopically positive surgical resection margin (R1 resection) may be offered chemoradiation therapy. A shared decision-making approach is recommended, considering the risk of harm and potential for benefit associated with radiation therapy for patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder cancer. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/gastrointestinal-cancer-guidelines .
Provider Involvement in Care During Initial Cancer Treatment and Patient Preferences for Provider Roles After Initial Treatment
Authors: Radhakrishnan Archana , Li Yun , Furgal Allison K.C. , Hamilton Ann S. , Ward Kevin C. , Jagsi Reshma , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T. , Wallner Lauren P.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE:

Patients report strong preferences regarding which provider—oncologist or primary care provider (PCP)—handles their primary care after initial cancer treatment (eg, other cancer screenings, preventive care, comorbidity management). Little is known about associations between provider involvement during initial cancer treatment and patient preferences for provider roles after initial treatment.

METHODS:

Women who received a diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer in 2014 to 2015 were identified from the Georgia and Los Angeles County SEER registries and surveyed (N = 2,502; 68% response rate). Women reported the level of their providers’ involvement in their care during initial cancer treatment. Associations between level of medical oncologist’s participation and PCP’s engagement during initial cancer treatment and patient preferences for oncologist led ( v PCP led) other cancer screenings after initial treatment were examined using multivariable logistic regression models.

Results:

During their initial cancer treatment, 20% of women reported medical oncologists participated substantially in delivering primary care and 66% reported PCPs were highly engaged in their cancer care. Two-thirds (66%) of women preferred medical oncologists to handle other cancer screenings after initial treatment. Women who reported substantial medical oncologist participation in primary care were more likely (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.91) and those who reported high PCP engagement in cancer care were less likely (adjusted odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.53) to prefer oncologist-led other cancer screenings after initial treatment.

Conclusions:

Providers’ involvement during initial cancer treatment may affect patient preferences regarding provision of follow-up primary care. Clarifying provider roles as early as during cancer treatment may help to better delineate their roles throughout survivorship.
Gestão sustentável participativa transnacional: o direito de acesso a água potável, saneamento e sua governança global
Authors: Caldas Roberto Correia da Silva Gomes , Mata Diz Jamile Bergamaschine , Andreucci Álvaro Gonçalves Antunes , Rodrigues da Costa Elizabeth Accioly
Published: March 2019

Atualmente, o debate sobre os usos da água, seu saneamento e gestão sustentável, tanto em âmbito nacional quanto internacional, trouxeram como pauta de relevo para os Estados, as Organizações Internacionais e as entidades privadas a necessidade de procedimentos para uma regulação concertada transnacional deste recurso natural em criação de sua global governance. Nesse sentido, dentro de uma ética discursiva do agir comunicativo, trabalhada por Habermas e Apel, a concepção da água como um direito subjetivo (direito humano fundamental) e, ao mesmo tempo, um bem comum, contribui para a superação da dicotomia clássica entre público e privado, segundo uma racionalidade ambiental em que, inclusive enquanto um dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODSs), o seu tratamento se dá de forma concertada, (re)criando-se, assim, um novo contexto no qual tal recurso possa ser eficientemente disponibilizado e compartilhado com a humanidade.
Treatment of Demodex gatoi mange in two sibling Bengal cats with a combination of selamectin and sarolaner
Authors: Walker Charlie
Published: March 2019

This case report describes the rapid diagnosis and treatment of two 16-month-old sibling Bengal cats, from the same household, with a pruritic alopecic dermatitis caused by Demodex gatoi mite infestation. A combination spot-on product of selamectin and sarolaner (Stronghold Plus, Zoetis) was found to be a simple to use and effective treatment.
Redefining the paradigm of atypical hypoadrenocorticism in dogs
Authors: Shiel Robert E , Mooney Carmel T
Published: March 2019

The recognition of apparent isolated glucocorticoid deficiency can be challenging in a clinical setting because of vague clinical signs. The difficulty associated with diagnosis is exacerbated by a lack of standardised terminology, and often incomplete investigation and characterisation of the disease. Additional testing is usually necessary to confirm the underlying cause, optimise therapy and provide an accurate prognosis. This review suggests a classification system based upon aetiology as well as electrolyte concentrations, and provides an overview of the clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of glucocorticoid deficiency in dogs.
The impact of seasonal changes on the equine gut
Authors: Witherow Briony
Published: March 2019

Briony Witherow MSc RNutr. Practical Equine Nutrition, outlines how to minimise nutritional challenges to the equine gut from spring grass and changes to routine
When the grass is always greener: practical equine weight management
Authors: Furtado Tamzin , Perkins Elizabeth , Pinchbeck Gina , McGowan Cathy , Watkins Francine , Christley Rob
Published: March 2019

A research project by Tamzin Furtado, Elizabeth Perkins, Gina Pinchbeck, Cathy McGowan, Francine Watkins and Rob Christley
Acute abdominal crisis due to gastrointestinal rupture
Authors: Prutton Jamie SW
Published: March 2019

Jamie SW Prutton BSc (Hons) BVSc DipACVIM DipECEIM MRCVS Liphook Equine Hospital assesses the facts when faced with this frequently fatal condition
Get ahead of sweet itch
Authors: Chapman Stella
Published: March 2019

Stella Chapman BVSc (Hons), MSc, MRCVS describes the etiology and management