bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Testing Techniques: Paving the Way for New Oncology Screening Approaches
Authors: van Rijt Antonia , Stefanek Evan , Valente Karolina
Published: September 2023

Prior to clinical trials, preclinical testing of oncology drug candidates is performed by evaluating drug candidates with in vitro and in vivo platforms. For in vivo testing, animal models are used to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of drug candidates. However, animal models often display poor translational results as many drugs that pass preclinical testing fail when tested with humans, with oncology drugs exhibiting especially poor acceptance rates. The FDA Modernization Act 2.0 promotes alternative preclinical testing techniques, presenting the opportunity to use higher complexity in vitro models as an alternative to in vivo testing, including three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models. Three-dimensional tissue cultures address many of the shortcomings of 2D cultures by more closely replicating the tumour microenvironment through a combination of physiologically relevant drug diffusion, paracrine signalling, cellular phenotype, and vascularization that can better mimic native human tissue. This review will discuss the common forms of 3D cell culture, including cell spheroids, organoids, organs-on-a-chip, and 3D bioprinted tissues. Their advantages and limitations will be presented, aiming to discuss the use of these 3D models to accurately represent human tissue and as an alternative to animal testing. The use of 3D culture platforms for preclinical drug development is expected to accelerate as these platforms continue to improve in complexity, reliability, and translational predictivity.
Motor Coordination in Primary School Students: The Role of Age, Sex, and Physical Activity Participation in Turkey
Authors: Canli Tulay , Canli Umut , Taskin Cuneyt , Aldhahi Monira I.
Published: September 2023

Motor coordination (MC) is an essential skill underpinning precise and controlled movements, contributing significantly to daily functioning and overall performance. The developmental trajectory of MC in children is intricately shaped by a spectrum of factors encompassing age, gender, and physical activity engagement. Delving into the complex interrelation of these variables holds the potential to unravel nuanced developmental trends and offer targeted avenues for interventions aimed at augmenting motor proficiency in the pediatric population. This study aimed to assess the differences in MC of primary school students based on sex, age, and physical activity participation (PAP). A total of 848 students from public primary schools, aged between 6–9 years, including 412 boys and 436 girls. The MC was measured using Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK3+) test battery, which included Jumping sideways (JS), Balancing backward (BB), Moving sideways (MS), and Eye–Hand Coordination (EHC). One-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to determine the binary and triple interactions of sex, age, and PAP variables on the MC parameters of the participants. The study revealed that boys aged 6–9 had higher scores than girls on eye–hand coordination (EHC) (p < 0.02). No significant gender-related differences in balancing backward (BB), jumping sideways (JS), and moving sideways (MS) were found. When the subtests of KTK3+ were compared by age, a significant difference was observed between the groups in all subtests (p < 0.05). With respect to PAP, students with PAP had a significant advantage in all subtests of the KTK3+ (p < 0.05). The double co-effects or triple co-effects of age, sex, and PAP parameters do not influence the KTK parameters. This study presents evidence supporting sex differences in the motor skills of children within this age range and highlights the potential impact of age and physical activity on motor development.
Thermodynamic Conditions during August 2022 in Catalonia: The Monthly Record of Hail Days, Hail Size and the Differences in the Climatic Values
Authors: Rigo Tomeu
Published: September 2023

The hailstorm of 30 August 2022 in the NE of Catalonia (NE of the Iberian Peninsula) produced the largest hail size, with diameters exceeding 10 cm. Furthermore, hail occurrence exceeded 2 cm in fourteen days and 4 cm in seven days during August 2022. The size and the days number constituted new records in Catalonia for at least the last 30 years. The analysis has compared the thermodynamic values derived from the sounding of Barcelona with the climatic data for 1998–2022 (25 years of data). This fact has allowed the selection and evaluation of different thermodynamic parameters’ behaviour during hail days in Catalonia. In this research, the precipitable water mass provided the best results as a hail forecaster. Second, the study has evaluated if the different parameters have a significant trend during the study period. The answer is yes in all cases, but some parameters presented a stepped rise while others increased smoothly. Finally, the research has analysed if the parameter values during August 2022 were extraordinary compared with the rest of the period. In this case, the thermodynamic parameters nature was well correlated with the hail size and occurrence maximums of August 2022.
Statistical Downscaling of Precipitation in the South and Southeast of Mexico
Authors: Andrade-Velázquez Mercedes , Montero-Martínez Martín José
Published: September 2023

The advancements in global climate modeling achieved within the CMIP6 framework have led to notable enhancements in model performance, particularly with regard to spatial resolution. However, the persistent requirement for refined techniques, such as dynamically or statistically downscaled methods, remains evident, particularly in the context of precipitation variability. This study centered on the systematic application of a bias-correction technique (quantile mapping) to four designated CMIP6 models: CNRM-ESM2-6A, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MIROC6, and MRI-ESM2-0. The selection of these models was informed by a methodical approach grounded in previous research conducted within the southern–southeastern region of Mexico. Diverse performance evaluation metrics were employed, including root-mean-square difference (rmsd), normalized standard deviation (NSD), bias, and Pearson’s correlation (illustrated by Taylor diagrams). The study area was divided into two distinct domains: southern Mexico and the southeast region covering Tabasco and Chiapas, and the Yucatan Peninsula. The findings underscored the substantial improvement in model performance achieved through bias correction across the entire study area. The outcomes of rmsd and NSD not only exhibited variations among different climate models but also manifested sensitivity to the specific geographical region under examination. In the southern region, CNRM-ESM2-1 emerged as the most adept model following bias correction. In the southeastern domain, including only Tabasco and Chiapas, the optimal model was again CNRM-ESM2-1 after bias-correction. However, for the Yucatan Peninsula, the IPSL-CM6A-LR model yielded the most favorable results. This study emphasizes the significance of tailored bias-correction techniques in refining the performance of climate models and highlights the spatially nuanced responses of different models within the study area’s distinct geographical regions.
Sequential and Combined Efficacious Management of Auricular Keloid: A Novel Treatment Protocol Employing Ablative CO2 and Dye Laser Therapy—An Advanced Single-Center Clinical Investigation
Authors: Amato Simone , Nisticò Steven Paul , Pellacani Giovanni , Guida Stefania , Rossi Anthony , Longo Caterina , Berardesca Enzo , Cannarozzo Giovanni
Published: September 2023

Auricular keloids pose significant aesthetic and functional challenges, and traditional treatments often fall short in addressing these issues. Our study presents an innovative combined approach of ablative CO2 and dye laser therapy for improved keloid management. This treatment protocol was applied to 15 patients with auricular keloids after an initial multispectral analysis to assess keloid composition. The laser sequence was tailored per patient based on this analysis. Evaluations using the Vancouver Scar Scale and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale were carried out at baseline and at 3-week intervals post-treatment. The results showed a significant reduction in these scores at the final follow-up (p < 0.05), suggesting improvements in keloid color, texture, and pliability, with minimal adverse events. Additionally, no recurrence of keloids was observed. Our findings indicate that this novel methodology of multispectral analysis followed by tailored laser therapy may offer a safe and effective solution for auricular keloids, promising enhanced keloid treatment and prevention of recurrence. However, further investigations, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to confirm and optimize this treatment protocol.
Utility and Safety of Bronchoscopic Cryotechniques—A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Husnain Shaikh M. Noor , Sarkar Abhishek , Huseini Taha
Published: September 2023

Cryosurgical techniques are employed for diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy and serve as important tools for the management of pulmonary diseases. The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease requires multidisciplinary team discussions after a thorough assessment of history, physical exam, computed tomography, and lung-function testing. However, histological diagnosis is required in selected patients. Surgical lung biopsy has been the gold standard but this can be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy is an emerging technique and multiple studies have shown that it has a high diagnostic yield with a good safety profile. There is wide procedural variability and the optimal technique for cryobiopsy is still under investigation. There is emerging data that demonstrate that cryobiopsy is safe and highly accurate in the diagnosis of thoracic malignancies. Furthermore, cryorecanalization procedures are a useful adjunct for the palliation of tumors in patients with central airway obstruction. One should keep in mind that these procedures are not free from complications and should be carried out in a specialized center by a trained and experienced bronchoscopy team. We present a review of the literature on the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy-guided cryosurgical procedures and their safety profile.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Zirconia-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement’s Effectiveness in Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Manisha Srikurmam , Shetty Soumya S , Mehta Vini , SA Rizwan , Meto Aida
Published: September 2023

Dental cements are in a constant state of evolution, adapting to better align with the intricacies of tooth structure and the dynamic movements within the oral cavity. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer cement—an innovative variant of modified glass ionomer cements—in terms of its ability to withstand compressive forces and prevent microleakage during dental caries reconstruction. An extensive search was conducted across various databases, encompassing PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, prominent journals, unpublished studies, conference proceedings, and cross-referenced sources. The selected studies underwent meticulous scrutiny according to predetermined criteria, followed by the assessment of quality and the determination of evidence levels. In total, 16 studies were incorporated into this systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA). The findings suggest that both compomer and giomer cements exhibit greater compressive strength and reduced microleakage values than zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer cement. In contrast, resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) demonstrate less favorable performance in these regards when compared with zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer cement.
Solid-State Fermentation as a Sustainable Tool for Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Cascalote Pods
Authors: López-Cárdenas Francisco , Ochoa-Reyes Emilio , Baeza-Jiménez Ramiro , Tafolla-Arellano Julio C. , Ascacio-Valdés Juan A. , Buenrostro-Figueroa José J.
Published: September 2023

Cascalote pods are an important source of phenolic compounds, mainly recovered using solvent extraction methods. To find a sustainable alternative to these methods, this study aimed to evaluate solid-state fermentation (SSF) in order to enhance the extractability of total phenolic compounds (TPC) with antioxidant activity (AA) from cascalote pods. Aspergillus niger GH1 was selected based on the amount of TPC released and AA measured (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP) in a short period of time. Moreover, moisture, temperature, inoculum size, and mineral composition were evaluated. The largest amount of TPC released was 124.17 mg/gdw (g of dry weight) after 12 h of culture, which significantly correlated with the AA (Pearson’s R = 0.94). Moisture and KH2PO4 concentration were the main influencing factors of TPC release. Treatment 6 (1 × 107 spores/gdw, 30 °C, 60% moisture, mineral composition (g/L): KH2PO4, 1.52; NaNO3, 7.65; and MgSO4, 1.52) was selected due to the highest values of both TPC and AA. SSF-assisted extraction allowed for an increase of 118% and 93% in TPC and AA values, respectively. Corilagin, lagerstannin, geraniin, and ellagic acid were the main phenolic compounds identified by RP-HPLC-ESI-MS in the cascalote extracts. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of SSF-assisted extraction as a biotechnological alternative for the recovery of important bioactive molecules from this underutilized material.
Spotlight on the Multiscale Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Red Adzuki Bean Starch through Partial Amylose Removal Combined with Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Liu Xinyue , Sun Zhuangzhuang , Zhao Wenqing , Zheng Jiayu , Liang Wei , Li Wenhao
Published: September 2023

To explore the effect of amylose within starch granules on the efficiency of starch hydrolysis by acid, we chose the warm water extraction method to treat red adzuki bean starch to obtain different degrees of amylose removal granule models and to prepare samples in combination with acid hydrolysis. The amylose content was reduced after acid hydrolysis, reducing the peak viscosity (2599–1049 cP), while the solubility was significantly increased. In contrast, the short-chain content of the deamylose–acid hydrolysis samples was reduced considerably, exacerbating the trend towards reduced starch orderliness and increased solubility. This work reveals the granular structure of starch from the point of view of deamylose and contributes to a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of acid hydrolysis. It might add to knowledge in starch science research and industrial applications for the acid processing of starch-based foods, particularly with regard to the most important factors controlling the structure and function of starch.
Resilience in Older People: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Lima Gabriella Santos , Figueira Ana Laura Galhardo , Carvalho Emília Campos de , Kusumota Luciana , Caldeira Sílvia
Published: September 2023

(1) Background: Resilience has been presented as a potential protective factor to be promoted in difficult experiences in older people. However, further clarification of the concept of resilience for this population is required, as this is of critical interest for nursing care. (2) Aim: To develop the concept of resilience in older people to establish the elements that refer to the nursing outcome. Personal resilience (1309) from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), specifically in older people. (3) Methods: Concept analysis using Beth Rodgers’ evolutionary model. The attributes, antecedents, consequents, and empirical elements were described in the integrative review, with searches in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, LILACS, and Embase databases. A total of 2431 citations have been identified, and 110 studies were included. (4) Results: The concept of “resilience in older people” is composed of two attributes, available resources and positive behaviors, and is defined as positive attitudes of older people with the assistance of resources available from experiences of adversity. Conclusion: This analysis and concept development of resilience in older people provided sensitive indicators for nursing care in the context of adversity, considering available resources and with positive attitudes during this phase of life span.
A Fusion Underwater Salient Object Detection Based on Multi-Scale Saliency and Spatial Optimization
Authors: Huang Weiliang , Zhu Daqi , Chen Mingzhi
Published: September 2023

Underwater images contain abundant information, but many challenges remain for underwater object detection tasks. Various salient object detection methods may encounter low detection precision, and the segmented map has an incomplete region of the target object. To deal with blurry underwater scenes and vague detection problems, a novel fusion underwater salient object detection algorithm (FUSOD) is proposed based on multi-scale saliency and spatial optimization. Firstly, an improved underwater color restoration was utilized to restore the color information for afterward color contrast saliency calculation. Secondly, a more accurate multi-scale fusion saliency map was obtained by fully considering both the global and local feature contrast information. Finally, the fusion saliency was optimized by the proposed spatial optimization method to enhance the spatial coherence. The proposed FUSOD algorithm may process turbid and complex underwater scenes and preserve a complete structure of the target object. Experimental results on the USOD dataset show that the proposed FUSOD algorithm can segment the salient object with a comparatively higher detection precision than the other traditional state-of-the-art algorithms. An ablation experiment showed that the proposed spatial optimization method increases the detection precision by 0.0325 scores in the F-Measure.
An Overview on Candida auris in Healthcare Settings
Authors: Cristina Maria Luisa , Spagnolo Anna Maria , Sartini Marina , Carbone Alessio , Oliva Martino , Schinca Elisa , Boni Silvia , Pontali Emanuele
Published: September 2023

Candida auris has become a major concern in critical care medicine due to the increasing number of immunocompromised patients and candidiasis is the most frequent cause of fungal infections. C. auris and other fungal pathogens are responsible for at least 13 million infections and 1.5 million deaths globally per year. In immunocompromised patients, infections can quickly become severe, causing wound infections, otitis and candidemia, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. The clinical presentation of C. auris is often non-specific and similar to other types of systemic infections; in addition, it is harder to identify from cultures than other, more common types of Candida spp. Some infections are particularly difficult to treat due to multi-resistance to several antifungal agents, including fluconazole (and other azoles), amphotericin B and echinocandins. This entails treatment with more drugs and at higher doses. Even after treatment for invasive infections, patients generally remain colonized for long periods, so all infection control measures must be followed during and after treatment of the C. auris infection. Screening patients for C. auris colonization enables facilities to identify individuals with C. auris colonization and to implement infection prevention and control measures. This pathogenic fungus shows an innate resilience, enabling survival and persistence in healthcare environment and the ability to rapidly colonize the patient’s skin and be easily transmitted within the healthcare setting, thus leading to a serious and prolonged outbreak.
Anticonvulsant Properties of 1-Diethylamino-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one
Authors: Das Swagatika , Roayapalley Praveen K. , Vashishtha Sarvesh C. , Das Umashankar , Dimmock Jonathan R.
Published: September 2023

There is a need for novel antiepileptic agents whose modes of action differ from those of current antiepileptic drugs. The objective of this study was to determine whether 1-diethylamino-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (2) could prevent or at least diminish convulsions caused by different mechanisms. This amide afforded protection in the maximal electroshock and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole screens when given intraperitoneally to both mice and rats. A number of specialized tests in mice were conducted and are explained in the text. They revealed (2) to have efficacy in the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test, the corneal kindling model, the mouse temporal epilepsy screen and a peripheral neuronal transmission test using formalin. Three screens in rats were undertaken, which revealed that (2) blocked chloride channels, inhibited peripheral neuronal transmission (tested using sciatic ligation and von Frey fibres) and afforded protection in the lamotrigine-resistant kindled rat model. The biodata generated reveal that (2) is an important lead molecule in the quest for novel structures to combat epilepsy.
Effects of Two Exercise Programs on Neck Proprioception in Patients with Chronic Neck Pain: A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahnama Leila , Saberi Manizheh , Kashfi Pegah , Rahnama Mahsa , Karimi Noureddin , Geil Mark D.
Published: September 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of specific neck muscle training and general neck-shoulder exercises on neck proprioception, pain, and disability in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. Methods: Twenty-five patients with chronic non-specific neck pain were recruited into this preliminary single-blinded randomized clinical trial. They were randomly assigned to either a specific neck exercise (n = 13, mean aged 24 years) or a general neck exercise group (n = 12, mean aged 25 years). Specific neck exercises included eye-head coordination and isometric deep neck muscle exercises. General neck exercises included neck and shoulder free range of motion and shoulder shrug. Pain, disability, and neck proprioception, which was determined using the joint repositioning error, were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of training in both groups. Results: Both training groups showed significant improvements in joint repositioning error (p < 0.001, F = 24.144, ES = 0.8), pain (p < 0.001, F = 61.118, ES = 0.31), and disability (p = 0.015, F = 6.937, ES = 0.60). However, the specific neck exercise group showed larger variability in joint repositioning error (p = 0.006, F = 0.20, F critical = 0.36). Conclusions: Either specific neck exercise or a general neck-shoulder range of motion exercise could be effective in improving neck proprioception. Therefore, exercises could be recommended based on patient comfort and patients’ specific limitations.
Guanylate-Binding Protein 2 Exerts GTPase-Dependent Anti-Ectromelia Virus Effect
Authors: Gao Zhenzhen , Meng Zejing , He Xiaobing , Chen Guohua , Fang Yongxiang , Tian Huihui , Zhang Hui , Jing Zhizhong
Published: September 2023

Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are highly expressed interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that play significant roles in protecting against invading pathogens. Although their functions in response to RNA viruses have been extensively investigated, there is limited information available regarding their role in DNA viruses, particularly poxviruses. Ectromelia virus (ECTV), a member of the orthopoxvirus genus, is a large double-stranded DNA virus closely related to the monkeypox virus and variola virus. It has been intensively studied as a highly effective model virus. According to the study, GBP2 overexpression suppresses ECTV replication in a dose-dependent manner, while GBP2 knockdown promotes ECTV infection. Additionally, it was discovered that GBP2 primarily functions through its N-terminal GTPase activity, and the inhibitory effect of GBP2 was disrupted in the GTP-binding-impaired mutant GBP2K51A. This study is the first to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of GBP2 on ECTV, and it offers insights into innovative antiviral strategies.
Response of Osteoblasts on Amine-Based Nanocoatings Correlates with the Amino Group Density
Authors: Seemann Susanne , Dubs Manuela , Koczan Dirk , Salapare Hernando S. , Ponche Arnaud , Pieuchot Laurent , Petithory Tatiana , Wartenberg Annika , Staehlke Susanne , Schnabelrauch Matthias , Anselme Karine , Nebe J. Barbara
Published: September 2023

Increased life expectancy in industrialized countries is causing an increased incidence of osteoporosis and the need for bioactive bone implants. The integration of implants can be improved physically, but mainly by chemical modifications of the material surface. It was recognized that amino-group-containing coatings improved cell attachment and intracellular signaling. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the amino group density in this positive cell behavior by developing controlled amino-rich nanolayers. This work used covalent grafting of polymer-based nanocoatings with different amino group densities. Titanium coated with the positively-charged trimethoxysilylpropyl modified poly(ethyleneimine) (Ti-TMS-PEI), which mostly improved cell area after 30 min, possessed the highest amino group density with an N/C of 32%. Interestingly, changes in adhesion-related genes on Ti-TMS-PEI could be seen after 4 h. The mRNA microarray data showed a premature transition of the MG-63 cells into the beginning differentiation phase after 24 h indicating Ti-TMS-PEI as a supportive factor for osseointegration. This amino-rich nanolayer also induced higher bovine serum albumin protein adsorption and caused the cells to migrate slower on the surface after a more extended period of cell settlement as an indication of a better surface anchorage. In conclusion, the cell spreading on amine-based nanocoatings correlated well with the amino group density (N/C).
A Silica Capillary-Based Sensor with Access Channels for the Simultaneous Measurement of Pressure and Temperature
Authors: Santos João P. , Bierlich Jörg , Kobelke Jens , Ferreira Marta S.
Published: September 2023

A hybrid fiber sensor for the simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature is proposed. The sensor is constituted of a section of silica capillary tube (SCT) whereat access channels are created with two different methods: instilling a bubble on the fiber by employing successive arc discharges on the SCT whilst under pressure and splicing the SCT with another section of SCT with a smaller inner diameter. The reflection-based sensor enhances Fabry–Perot interference (FPI) and antiresonant (AR) guidance, simultaneously, in a single sensing element of a few millimeters. A comparison study between the access channel methods reveals higher spectral visibility for the bubble method and similar pressure and temperature resolutions. For a 2.58 mm long sensor with a bubble, the sensitivity to pressure is 4.09 ± 0.01 nm/MPa and −3.7 ± 0.1 nm/MPa for the FPI and AR, respectively, while its sensitivity to temperature is −0.20 ± 0.02 pm/°C and 24.0 ± 0.5 pm/°C, respectively, for the FPI and AR, which are within the numerically calculated sensitivities. The sensor is robust and has a convenient reflective probe with easy and low-cost fabrication, granting high competitiveness in actual applications.
Safer Working at Heights: Exploring the Usability of Virtual Reality for Construction Safety Training among Blue-Collar Workers in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Khiami Mohamad Iyad , Jaeger Martin
Published: September 2023

Virtual Reality (VR) construction safety training modules have reached a level of maturity which renders them as a serious alternative to traditional safety training modules. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usability of a particular safety training module related to “Working at heights” for blue-collar construction workers in Kuwait. A mixed study approach was applied based on a semi-quasi experimental research design, utilizing a control group/experimental group with pre-/post-test measurements, supplemented by observations. The findings indicate a statistically insignificant higher learning effectiveness of the workers exposed to the VR approach. Observations confirmed that trainees require an extended time of preparation to become familiar with moving within the virtual environment and using the related hardware. Furthermore, younger users with less work experience reported a higher usability than older users with more work experience. VR content developers are encouraged to investigate the possibilities of simplifying the virtual environment to make it more relevant for blue-collar workers, reduce the complexity of the hardware, and intensify the feeling of the consequences resulting from users’ choices. Construction companies and educational institutions training construction blue-collar workers can benefit from the VR approach to safety training if they allow sufficient time for familiarization with the virtual training module.
Do Consumers Adhere to a Sustainable Mediterranean Food Pattern? An Analysis of Southern Italian Consumer Practices
Authors: Scarpato Debora , Civero Gennaro , Simeone Mariarosaria
Published: September 2023

The Mediterranean diet (MD) concept has evolved in recent decades, moving from the perception of a healthy diet model to the awareness that it is also a sustainable food model. This dietary model, in fact, brings benefits in terms of nutrition, health, and maintenance of local traditions and food culture, but it also has a better impact in terms of the emission of greenhouse gasses, water and land use, energy consumption, and environment contamination. The aim of this study is to analyze the knowledge of and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a sample of adults in southern Italy during 2022, as well as their orientation towards the social dimension of sustainability (in terms of human health and animal welfare) and towards environmental sustainability. To collect information, a questionnaire was prepared for a population of 570 Italian consumers. Using the data from the questionnaires, a multivariate analysis was developed by performing a principal component analysis and a cluster analysis. The results of the empirical analysis proposed by the present study confirm the fact that the analyzed sample lacks adequate knowledge of the MD and, as a result, does not satisfactorily adhere to a healthier lifestyle marked by the criteria of this diet. Most of the clusters derived from the empirical analysis demonstrate low-to-moderate adherence to the MD. There is a need to generate renewed interest in the general population in a sustainable dietary pattern that provides nutritional, environmental, and social benefits. This requires effective health promotion and national interventions to promote the health benefits of the MD.
Personal data protection in the electronic communications sectors
Authors: Dobreva Alena
Published: September 2023

The right to protection of personal data is part of the rights protected under the European Convention on Human Rights, which guarantees the right to respect for private and family life, home and correspondence and defines the conditions under which limitations of this right are allowed. The development of communications and information technology in every public sector makes it increasingly easy to access and process personal data. This requires certain guarantees for the inviolability of personal information and privacy and at the same time implies the existence of clear rules to guarantee this protection. The specificity of data processing in electronic messages requires that, along with the general rules, additional requirements be introduced in the construction of networks and the provision of services.
Research of femtocell technologies for mobile cellular networks
Authors: Pasarelski Rosen , Pasarelska Teodora
Published: September 2023

The purpose of writing this article is to present and study femtocellular technologies for mobile cellular networks. With the introduction of the fourth 4G-LTE and the fifth 5G generation of mobile cellular systems, the term femto cell began to be strongly mentioned. Femto cells are very small cells that provide mobile service users with a home base station to connect to the telecommunications operator's network. The femtocell technologies are mainly looking for ever higher data rates indoors, which most often leads to the implementation of UMTS / HSPA modules in the femtocell access point, as well as LTE and 5G.
Актуальні питання організаційно-творчої діяльності театрів України у період воєнного стану
Authors: Пахарчук Олександр , Полонський Валерій
Published: September 2023

У статті артикульовано, що з 24 лютого 2022 року – вiд початку російського вторгнення та «гарячої фази» війни – українське театральне мистецтво стає потужним чинником патріотичного виховання, одним з важливих важелів осмислення подій і жахів т.зв. «спецоперації».
У cтаттi показано динаміку зміни настроїв діячів театру від тимчасового розпачу на початку війни – до поступової активізації патріотичного руху, що спричинило опанування просвітницьких форм мистецтва, таких як перфоманс, відеоблоги на YouTube-платформі та соціальних мереж уже на початку травня 2022
Мистецьке, художнє, візуальне, видовищне: до питання базової термінології в естетичній царині сучасної культури
Authors: Станіславська Катерина
Published: September 2023

Стаття презентує диференціацію деяких базових термінів сучасного культурознавства й мистецтвознавства. В термінологічній парі «художня форма / мистецька форма» аналізуються вихідні позиції художнього і мистецького як естетичних категорій. Розглядаються конотації понять «художнє мислення», «художня мова», «художнє бачення», «художня картина світу». В термінологічній парі «візуальність / видовищність» простежуються змістовні паралелі й суперечності, пропонується оновлений погляд на взаємодію мистецького і видовищного у рамках некласичної естетики.
Особливості розвитку жанру кіберпанк в японському кіно та інших видах мистецтва
Authors: Курбанов Георгій
Published: September 2023

У статті досліджується жанр (піджанр футурфантастики) кіберпанк і його прояви в різних видах літератури та мистецтва, насамперед – у кінематографі. На фільмічному матеріалі проаналізовано нюанси азійського погляду на кіберпанк, артикульована його співзвучність новітнім контекстам японської андеграундної культури на тлі неоднозначного ставлення японців до техніко-економічних успіхів нації у ХХ ст., притлумлених страхів перед екологічними загрозами тощо.
У дослідженні охарактеризовано особливості японського кіберпанку, відмінність від західних версій, запроваджено диверсифікацію та порівняльну характеристику модальностей жанру, досліджено засади його бурхливого розвитку в екранному мистецтві Японії.
Стаття спирається на корпус ідей з перетину естетики кіберкультури та світоглядно-міфологічних комплексів аніме й манги, що набули втілення в екранних творах режисерів Сого Ісії, Шинії Цукамото, Шозіна Фукуї, графічних коміксах відомого манґака Масамуне Сіро, а також у теоретичних розвідках Джеймса Балмонта, Стівена Т. Брауна, Джейн Чі Хьон Пак, Оріон Марвіду та вітчизняних дослідників, таких як Зоя Алфьорова.
«Політес Просвітництва» Філіпа Рено і французький культурно-просвітницький ландшафт: культурологічний «ескіз»
Authors: Троєльникова Людмила
Published: September 2023

Здійснено теоретизування культурного ландшафту Франції у часи Просвітництва, орієнтовно ХVІІІ століття – початок ХІХ століття. Акцентовано увагу на культурологічному осягненні сутнісного змісту узагальненого поняття – культурно-просвітницький ландшафт Франції в контексті французького політесу, в основі якого лежить – етично-національна картина життєдіяльності. Представлено культурологічний «ескіз» праці французького філософа та культуролога Філіпа Рено «Політес Просвітництва (закони, звички, манери)», який забезпечує розширення кордонів кроскультурного діалогу між європейськими народами, допомагає в розумінні ціннісних базисних засад їх культурних ландшафтів, зокрема французького.
Monumentality, Seriality and Social Intervention: Stone Sculptures from an 11th-Century Workshop at Sunari in Eastern Malwa
Authors: Singh Saarthak , Levillain Johan
Published: September 2023

本 文 以 中 央 邦 蘇 納 里 地 區 的 一 組 印 度 教 石 雕 為 研 究 對 象 ， 該 組 石 雕 由 當 地 作 坊 製 作 於 11 世 紀 。 迄 今 為 止 ， 這 組 石 雕 仍 未 得 到 關 注 。 由 於 長 期 處 在 大 型 城 市 中 心 的 掩 蓋 之 下 ， 該 地 區 的 藝 術 活 動 性 質 一 直 鮮 為 人 知 。 這 些 石 雕 靠 近 著 名 的 烏 代 普 爾 寺 廟 鎮 ， 正 好 能 為 我 們 提 供 相 關 的 寶 貴 信 息 。 筆 者 認 為 ， 就 創 作 過 程 中 的 差 異 和 一 致 ， 以 及 雕 像 對 腹 地 的 持 續 影 響 而 言 ， 紀 念 碑 性 和 系 列 性 是 理 解 作 坊 生 產 的 關 鍵 。
Les images du dieu Indra dans la vallée de Katmandou, Népal. La néwarisation d’une divinité indienne
Authors: Toffin Gérard
Published: September 2023

因 陀 羅 神 祇 在 尼 泊 爾 的 形 象 變 遷 十 分 引 人 注 目 。 12 世 紀 時 ， 因 陀 羅 神 像 在 次 大 陸 逐 漸 消 失 ， 僅 餘 少 數 例 外 。 但 加 德 滿 都 谷 地 作 為 尼 瓦 爾 文 化 的 發 源 地 ， 仍 然 信 奉 著 這 位 印 度 神 祇 ， 並 且 賦 予 了 祂 新 的 形 象 與 新 的 特 征 。 本 文 旨 在 介 紹 這 座 尼 泊 爾 神 像 （ 木 頭 、 金 屬 、 石 頭 ） 的 特 殊 性 ， 並 揭 示 自 11 世 紀 流 傳 至 今 的 部 分 神 像 類 型 與 因 陀 羅 亞 德 拉 節 日 之 間 的 密 切 關 聯 ， 該 節 日 由 王 室 每 年 在 八 月 底 或 九 月 舉 辦 。 為 了 闡 明 因 陀 羅 的 藝 術 形 象 ， 筆 者 著 眼 於 當 地 文 化 背 景 ， 側 重 於 因 陀 羅 亞 德 拉 節 日 形 成 的 相 關 傳 說 。 在 其 形 成 過 程 中 ， 佛 教 扮 演 了 重 要 角 色 ， 並 對 其 產 生 了 深 遠 影 響 ， 尤 其 是 被 認 為 是 因 陀 羅 之 母 的 雨 寶 持 世 菩 薩 。 本 文 探 討 了 因 陀 羅 的 崇 高 形 象 ， 亦 沒 忽 視 祂 更 加 世 俗 的 形 象 ， 因 陀 羅 也 被 塑 造 為 生 育 之 神 和 死 神 。 最 後 ， 筆 者 強 調 研 究 應 盡 可 能 地 同 時 結 合 藝 術 史 和 人 種 學 。
A Gold Finial from Java at Yale University Art Gallery: Its Narrative Theme and Possible Relationship to King Airlangga
Authors: Klokke Marijke J.
Published: September 2023

這 件 精 美 的 金 頂 飾 ， 與 其 它 來 自 印 度 尼 西 亞 的 金 器 傑 作 ， 一 同 展 出 於 耶 魯 大 學 美 術 館 （YUAG） 的 印 度 太 平 洋 藝 術 區 。 本 文 旨 在 探 討 該 件 金 器 的 製 作 背 景 。 筆 者 認 為 本 品 製 作 於 11 世 紀 ， 與 同 館 其 它 兩 件 藏 品 一 起 ， 組 成 皇 室 器 物 的 頂 端 部 分 。 這 件 皇 室 器 物 很 可 能 是 一 把 陽 傘 。 頂 飾 高 9.7cm， 在 其 精 緻 的 連 環 紋 飾 間 ， 可 以 辨 別 出 幾 個 近 似 人 類 形 象 的 圖 案 。 筆 者 認 為 ， 這 些 人 物 形 象 指 向 《 阿 周 那 的 婚 姻 》 故 事 中 的 兩 個 情 節 。 《 阿 周 那 的 婚 姻 》 是 11 世 紀 古 爪 哇 語 作 品 ， 被 認 為 創 作 於 艾 爾 朗 加 國 王 成 婚 之 際 。 在 此 背 景 下 ， 隱 藏 在 頂 飾 曲 面 中 的 上 部 場 景 ， 或 許 具 有 特 殊 含 義 。
Ressources naturelles, droits de propriété et gouvernance. Mesures d’imposition sur la pêche et la société aquacole de la région du lac Poyang 鄱陽 au cours des dynasties des Ming (1368-1644) et des Qing (1644-1911)
Authors: Shigu Liu
Published: September 2023

Les documents concernant les pêcheurs du lac Poyang 鄱陽湖, dans la province du Jiangxi 江西 , constituent de précieux matériaux pour reconstituer l’histoire de ces communautés. Les archives proviennent principalement de quatre familles de pêcheurs : les Yuan 袁 et les Wang 王 de Kangshan 康山, dans le district de Yugan 餘干 ; les Cao 曹 de Xiyuan 西源 et les Zou 鄒 de Beishan 北山, dans le district de Duchang 都昌. Ces textes représentent au total plus de 1500 pages. Outre les contrats de négoce des lieux portuaires et des étendues herbeuses, ainsi que des conventions et accords concernant la règlementation des pratiques sur les sites de pêche, ces documents contiennent aussi des livres de recension des impôts de la pêche et un nombre important d’attestations d’impôts. On trouve également beaucoup d’écrits concernant des litiges. Tous ces textes renseignent sur l’histoire des rapports continus entre les différentes communautés de pêcheurs quant aux questions portant sur « l’acquisition, la conservation et la transmission des droits de propriété aquatiques et sur les étendues herbeuses » de la fin des Ming au début de la République (1911-1949).
Remarques sur le village comme cadre de recherches anthropologiques
Authors: Maget M.
Published: September 2023

L'étude des phénomènes psycho-sociaux se fonde sur la discrimination préalable à la mesure des moyens dont dispose la recherche. De cette nécessité procède pour une bonne part la faveur dont jouissent les «groupes primaires». Parmi ceux-ci, les villages offrent cette particularité d'avoir constitué pendant des siècles, des groupes presque autonomes où toutes les fonctions essentielles étaient satisfaites localement avec un minimum d'échanges externes. Discontinuité spatiale de l'habitat, stabilité résidentielle d'ordre familial, autonomie socio-culturelle permettant encore la subsistance en temps de crise, etc., sont les principaux éléments d'une situation d'interconnaissance caractéristique. Celle-ci offre à la vie sociale comme à la recherche anthropologique des conditions spécifiques sur lesquelles convergent les efforts de transformation ou de connaissance. D'abord empirique, cette convergence ne peut que gagner à devenir systématique aussi bien sur le plan de l'action sociale que sur celui de la recherche anthropologique et de la définition des instruments de travail.
Image de l'émetteur et du récepteur dans la communication
Authors: Pagès Robert
Published: September 2023

1) Il y a intérêt à une discussion publique et explicite des concepts préparés pour la recherche, en ce qui concerne leurs propriétés et leur portée.

2) Jusque dans l'utilisation des mots en psychologie de la perception apparaît la structure statistique des communications. Celle-ci n'est pas seulement caractérisée par la distribution des fréquences de mots relatives à la langue, mais par des distribution de fréquence des signes ou mots propres à certaines phases de communication (claviers circonstanciels).

3) Toutefois l'ajustement des messages ne peut se faire, en général seulement en tenant compte des systèmes de signaux, mais en tenant compte aussi des contenus (sémantique) et des buts de communication. Une classification des modes d'ajustement est proposée.

4) Critique d'expérimentations relatives aux effets du va-et-vient de la communication (feed-back , latéralité) sur son efficacité. Rôle du temps. Relation avec la classification des modes d'ajustement.

5) Typologie des communications d'après le degré de latéralité. L'image du récepteur, particulièrement dans le cas de la diffusion, en rapport notamment avec les types de publics. Les publics artificiels de ce point de vue.

6) L'ajustement des communications sur public indéterminé ou électif est un des problèmes majeurs de l'esthétique ; tandis que l'ajustement sur un public qui se définit en partie par sa propre activité est celui des méthodes d'enseignement ou d'instruction. Rôle possible d'une connaissance préalable de l'auditoire.

7) L'image du récepteur se traduit notamment par des messages secondaires associés au message principal. Pour autant que les modes de communication se classent suivant leur richesse en canaux secondaires, leur efficacité dans chaque cas particulier doit dépendre avant tout du caractère concordant ou discordant des messages associés.
L'évaluation de l'efficacité des programmes d'éducation
Authors: Flanagan John C.
Published: September 2023

Il existe de nombreuses façons d'évaluer l'ef¬ ficacité des programmes d'éducation. L'une d'entre elles, décrite ci-dessus, n'a été qu'impar-faitement utilisée dans la plupart des travaux antérieurs. Cette approche porte sur la mesure dans laquelle le programme d'éducation répond aux besoins individuels des élèves. Une estima¬ tion valide nécessite quatre types d'informa¬ tions. Le premier consiste à jauger l'élève ; un inventaire complet des capacités et des dons de chaque élève est nécessaire. Il a été très diffi¬ cile dans le passé d'interpréter les performances des élèves aux tests d'aptitudes et de connais¬ sances par rapport à leurs performances ulté¬ rieures dans des rôles d'adultes, professionnels ou autres. Les post-enquêtes du Projet Talent fourniront des données très intéressantes qui

faciliteront cette interprétation. De nombreuses autres études de ce type seront d'ailleurs né¬ cessaires. Le second type d'informations a trait à une définition et à une prédiction meilleure des exigences éducatives nécessaires pour pré¬ parer chaque élève à remplir efficacement ses rôles futurs. Le troisième type a trait au contenu et aux moyens de l'éducation, et à leur efficacité dans la préparation de l'individu à ses rôles. Le dernier type concerne la mise au point de métho¬ des d'estimation efficaces des progrès de l'élève vers ces exigences. Un programme complet, incluant ces quatre facteurs, devrait aider les professeurs et les écoles à dispenser le type d'éducation qui permettra à chaque élève de développer ses aptitudes propres.
Les rapports du mot et de la phrase dans la dictée du débutant
Authors: Lurçat Liliane
Published: September 2023

Une épreuve de dictée administrée à des élèves du cours préparatoire, du cours élémentaire première année et de la classe de perfectionnement a permis d'analyser certains troubles des liaisons graphico-phonétiques au moment de leur établissement. Au niveau du mot, ils se caractérisent par des schématisations dont on a pu dégager trois stades : stade de la lettre, stade de la syllabe et stade du mot. Au niveau de la phrase ils se caractérisent par des enchaînements et par des coupures arbitraires dans le mot. Ces troubles disparaissent dans le cours élémentaire première année mais ils persistent et se systématisent dans la classe de perfectionnement.
Psychanalyse et idéologie
Authors: Caruso Igor Alexander
Published: September 2023

Cette recherche avait pour but l’étude de l'influence respective des facteurs âge (7 et 13 ans), milieu socio-professionnel (N.l et N.2) et place dans la fratrie (aînés et benjamins), sur les loisirs des garçons.

Ces facteurs ont été testés par un questionnaire (garçons de 13 ans) ou un entretien individuel (garçons de 7 ans) qui recouvraient tous les deux les mêmes catégories de loisirs.

Les résultats obtenus montrent qu’à âge égal le milieu socio-professionnel est le facteur le plus important.

Au niveau global, les loisirs apparaissent comme étant liés d'abord à l'évolution génétique, puis au niveau socio-professionnel. A aucun moment la place occupée dans la fratrie ne semble un facteur influent. Enfin, les différences dues aux deux milieux socio-professionnels vont généralement en s'accentuant avec l'âge.
Différentiation de l'approche des praticiens dans la description de la personnalité
Authors: Andrieux Cécile
Published: September 2023

Dans le projet d'une différenciation de l’approche de la personne par les méthodes de la sémiotique, nous avons entrepris une systématisation des imités de signification du discours psychologique et donné quelques exemples d'analyse des formes du discours. Nous attachant dans cette étape de notre recherche à l’analyse des formes du contenu ou du signifié des indices psychologiques, nous avons distingué trois grands types de fonctions sémiotiques du discours : fonctions de contexte intersubjectif de la situation, fonctions de contexte subjectif du moi, fonctions de perspective systémique sous-jacente au complexe psychophysiologique et opératoire des réponses. Les résultats de l'analyse du contenu du discours de quatre cliniciens ont montré des apparitions significatives de différents éléments formels, qui ont été associés, dans un but purement heuristique à trois critères externes : 1° psychanalyse, 2° psychologie, 3° médecine. La conclusion a porté sur l'intérêt d’un examen des niveaux sémiotiques des conduites, permettant de différencier les conduites et de relativiser leur interprétation.
Ontogenèse de la voie visuelle
Authors: Blozovski Denise
Published: September 2023

Au cours de l'ontogenèse de la voie visuelle, les différents éléments du système ne sont pas mis en marche simultanément. Ce sont, en premier, les cellules ganglionnaires de la rétine qui se développent et commencent à fonctionner, induisant très tôt des réactions postsynaptiques au sein des groupes neuroniques en différenciation dans diverses couches des structures centrales. Ainsi, la stimulation électrique du nerf optique évoque très tôt (période embryonnaire) des réponses électriques à la surface des structures cérébrales centrales. Ce n’est que plus tard (légèrement avant la mise en fonction réelle des yeux) que les éléments récepteurs de la rétine se différencient, deviennent sensibles à la lumière et capables de mettre en action (par la voie naturelle et sous le contrôle des neurones intégrateurs de la rétine) l'ensemble du système. La myélinisation, le grossissement des fibres, la multiplication des connexions interneuroniques, amélioreront progressivement les réponses visuelles.