bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles on bone grafting in dentistry
Authors: dos Anjos Lucas Menezes , Rocha Aurélio de Oliveira , Magrin Gabriel Leonardo , Kammer Pedro Vitali , Benfatti Cesar Augusto Magalhães , Matias de Souza Júlio César , Sanz Mariano , Henriques Bruno Alexandre Pacheco de Castro
Published: August 2023

Aim

This bibliometric study analyzed the characteristics of the 100 most cited articles on bone grafts in dentistry.

Materials and Methods

A database search was performed on the Web of Science Core Collection using a specific search strategy. Scopus and Google Scholar were also consulted for citation comparisons. Data extracted included: title, citation metrics, publication year, journal, study design, graft material, surgical technique, authors, institution, and country. Bibliometric networks were generated using VOSviewer.

Results

The identified articles were published between 1991 and 2019. Citation counts ranged from 120 to 1161 (mean: 240, 30). Clinical Oral Implants Research was the most cited journal (5175 citations; 25/100). Xenogeneic bone graft material was the most frequently used (5130 citations; 22/100). Europe had 62 articles (14,604 citations), and the United States was the most prominent country (5209 citations; 22/100). The University of Bern had the highest number of citations (2565 citations; 13/100), with Buser D as the author with the largest number of articles (2648 citations; 12/100).

Conclusion

This study shows the scientific progress on bone grafts in dentistry. The use of xenogeneic grafts for horizontal and/or vertical ridge augmentation was the most prominent trend.
Learnings from a prison‐based drug treatment program on planning for release: A qualitative study
Authors: D’Souza Bebe , Butler Tony , Shakeshaft Anthony , Calder Ivan , Conigrave Katherine , Doyle Michael
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Prison‐based drug and alcohol group treatment programs operate in all Australian jurisdictions. With more than two‐thirds of people in prison having a history of substance use prior to incarceration, such programs are needed. There have been few published papers on the impact of attending group treatment programs in Australian prisons, and the research published to date has been predominately quantitative. We aim to report the experiences of males in prison who completed and those who did not complete a group‐based drug and alcohol program, to gain insight into their strategies for reducing harm from drug and alcohol post‐release.

Methods

Qualitative thematic analysis of in‐depth interviews with 12 males who completed or were about to complete and 10 males who discontinued a prison‐based group drug and alcohol treatment program.

Results

Program completers were more likely to have well‐developed plans to reduce drug and alcohol harms and maintain abstinence upon return to the community, which included creating healthier social networks. They also showed stronger insights into the factors that led to offending. Those who did not complete the drug and alcohol program appeared to rely on self‐will as the main way to reduce drug and alcohol harms, with less awareness of options for support services to reduce or stop drug and alcohol use.

Discussion and Conclusions

Prison‐based drug and alcohol program engagement imparted useful information for program completers. Controlled trials are needed to examine whether such differences equate to improved outcomes after release.
Impaired erythropoietin‐producing hepatocellular B receptors signaling in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus following maternal immune activation in male rats
Authors: Shao Yiqian , Cai Yaqi , Chen Tengfei , Hao Keke , Luo Binbin , Wang Xiujuan , Guo Weiyun , Su Xi , Lv Luxian , Yang Yongfeng , Li Wenqiang
Published: August 2023

An environmental risk factor for schizophrenia (SZ) is maternal infection, which exerts longstanding effects on the neurodevelopment of offspring. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic disturbances may contribute to the pathology of the disease, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Erythropoietin‐producing hepatocellular B (EphB) receptor signaling plays an important role in synaptic plasticity by regulating the formation and maturation of dendritic spines and regulating excitatory neurotransmission. We examined whether EphB receptors and downstream associated proteins are susceptible to environmental risk factors implicated in the etiology of synaptic disturbances in SZ. Using an established rodent model, which closely imitates the characteristics of SZ, we observed the behavioral performance and synaptic structure of male offspring in adolescence and early adulthood. We then analyzed the expression of EphB receptors and associated proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Maternal immune activation offspring showed significantly progressive cognitive impairment and pre‐pulse inhibition deficits together with an increase in the expression of EphB2 receptors and NMDA receptor subunits. We also found changes in EphB receptor downstream signaling, in particular, a decrease in phospho‐cofilin levels which may explain the reduced dendritic spine density. Besides, we found that the AMPA glutamate, another glutamate ionic receptor associated with cofilin, decreased significantly in maternal immune activation offspring. Thus, alterations in EphB signaling induced by immune activation during pregnancy may underlie disruptions in synaptic plasticity and function in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus associated with behavioral and cognitive impairment. These findings may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying SZ.
VOICING VULNERABILITY: MEDIATING VIOLENCE, VICTIMISATION AND FEMALE SUBJECTIVITY IN NORA GOMRINGER'S MONSTER POETRY*
Authors: Märten Annegret
Published: August 2023

This chapter examines poetic works by the Swiss‐German performance poet Nora‐Eugenie Gomringer that draw on monsters as a conceptual lens to engage with experiences of vulnerable subjects, that is, those that have experienced harm or violence or are considered especially susceptible to these risks. The anthology Monster Morbus Moden (2013–17), with its initial collection Monster Poems (2013), reflects poetically on how female subjects and their bodies, which are conventionally represented as weak, are simultaneously and paradoxically considered dangerously non‐normative and in need of policing. Gomringer explores how this paradox emerges from the interplay of textual and media surfaces, institutional logic and intersubjective power imbalances. The author employs an experimental mix of intertextual, intermedial and performative strategies that draws attention to the embodied and culturally iterative nature of such subject constructions. Putting emphasis on visualising and voicing victimisation, these works can be seen to probe to what extent a monstrous poeticisation of such experiences might shift stereotyping scopic regimes that produce the conditions for the widespread sexual violence against women or curtail reproductive freedoms. This experimentation, this article argues, seeks to establish awareness around the potential mobility of the concept of ‘vulnerability’ that has also been raised in recent feminist discussions.
Report of the 23rd nationwide follow‐up survey of primary liver cancer in Japan (2014–2015)
Authors: Iijima Hiroko , Kudo Masatoshi , Kubo Shoji , Kurosaki Masayuki , Sakamoto Michiie , Shiina Shuichiro , Tateishi Ryosuke , Osamu Nakashima , Fukumoto Takumi , Matsuyama Yutaka , Murakami Takamichi , Takahashi Arata , Miyata Hiroaki , Kokudo Norihiro
Published: August 2023

For the 23rd Nationwide Follow‐up Survey of Primary Liver Cancer in Japan, data from 20 889 newly registered patients and 42 274 previously registered follow‐up patients were compiled from 516 institutions over a 2‐year period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015. Basic statistics compiled for patients newly registered in the 23rd survey were cause of death, past medical history, clinical diagnosis, imaging diagnosis, treatment‐related factors, pathological diagnosis, recurrence status, and autopsy findings. Compared with the previous 22nd survey, the population of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was older at the time of clinical diagnosis, had more female patients, had more patients with non‐B non‐C HCC, had smaller tumor diameter, and was more frequently treated with hepatectomy. Cumulative survival rates were calculated for HCC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (combined HCC and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) by treatment type and background characteristics for patients newly registered between 2004 and 2015 whose final outcome was survival or death. The median overall survival and cumulative survival rates for HCC were calculated by dividing patients by combinations of background factors (number of tumors, tumor diameter, Child–Pugh grade, or albumin‐bilirubin grade) and by treatment type (hepatectomy, radiofrequency ablation therapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, and systemic therapy). The same values were also calculated according to registration date by dividing patients newly registered between 1978 and 2015 into five time period groups. The data obtained from this nationwide follow‐up survey are expected to contribute to advancing clinical research and treatment of primary liver cancer in the world.
Abundance‐related systematic bias in the quantification of phenology using site presence‐based survey methods
Authors: Eddowes Mark J.
Published: August 2023

Reliable quantification of the timing of spring phenology is important to the understanding of ecological responses to climate change. Citizen science data have a potentially useful role supporting these types of studies. Site presence‐based methods represent a relatively simple means of following spring phenology, including migrant bird arrival. However, binary presence/absence observations are ill‐suited to following the build‐up of individuals during the spring emergence or arrival period because presence may be detected uniformly after a small proportion only of the population is present. The reliability of this survey method has been evaluated by mathematical modelling, further supported by comparison of model predictions with arrival date estimates determined in previous field studies. Modelling demonstrates a systematic abundance‐dependent bias in median arrival dates estimated using site presence‐based survey methods in which the apparent distribution is shifted increasingly ahead of the true distribution with increasing abundance, a feature also evident in field observations. Since this error in the estimate changes with abundance, abundance changes with time will lead to a distorted picture of the phenological trend with time, impacting on the reliability of these methods for characterizing phenological events. The model provides a general framework for identifying when this inherent bias will arise, and for compensating for it by reference to count data obtained from other sources, thereby assisting in the provision of improved estimates of phenological change. To ensure that the most appropriate conclusions concerning phenological change are drawn from studies using site presence data, it is imperative that these identified methodological limitations are recognized and properly considered during data interpretation.
Comparison of the performance of two automatic cell morphology analyzers for peripheral‐blood leukocyte morphology analysis: Mindray MC‐100i and Sysmex DI‐60
Authors: Zhang Shihong , He Yongjian , Wu Wenjing , Tan Hongxia , Xie Shuhua , Liu Min , Chen Wei , Sun Dehua
Published: August 2023

Introduction

To compare the morphological classification ability of peripheral‐blood leukocytes of the automatic cell morphology analyzers MC‐100i and DI‐60.

Methods

(1) MC‐100i and DI‐60 were used to analyze leukocytes in 432 venous blood samples collected from three tertiary hospitals across China. The preclassification results were compared with the results reported by senior morphological experts (postclassification results) to evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and consistency of leukocyte preclassification for both instruments. (2) In 200 of the 432 blood samples, morphological experts conducted manual microscopic examination for various types of leukocytes. The correlation between the MC‐100i and DI‐60 leukocyte postclassification results and the expert microscopist results were analyzed.

Results

(1) MC‐100i preclassified leukocytes and nucleated red blood cells (RBCs). Compared with the postclassification results, the total leukocyte preclassification accuracy of MC‐100i was 97.16%, while that of DI‐60 was 87.24%. The sensitivity of MC‐100i to abnormal cells (including blasts, promyelocytes, neutrophilic myelocytes, neutrophilic metamyelocytes, reactive lymphocytes, abnormal promyelocytes, plasma cells, abnormal lymphocytes and nucleated RBCs) was 90.24%, which was significantly higher than the 50.72% sensitivity of DI‐60. (2) Comparing the postclassification results with manual microscopy, except for reactive lymphocytes and basophils, the MC‐100i and DI‐60 results had good correlations with various leukocyte types and nucleated RBCs (r > 0.85), and MC‐100i was better than DI‐60 in the recognition of basophils.

Conclusion

Both MC‐100i and DI‐60 have good detection ability for five normal types of leukocytes in peripheral blood. MC‐100i has significantly better detection sensitivity for abnormal cells in peripheral blood than DI‐60.
Validation of the culturally adapted Edinburgh postpartum depression scale among east Asian, southeast Asian and south Asian populations: A scoping review
Authors: Salehi Ashkan , Zhang Melody , Kithulegoda Natasha , Vigod Simone , Ivers Noah
Published: August 2023

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a widely used self‐report instrument to screen for postpartum depression (PPD). Assessing the relevance of the EPDS as a screening tool for minority ethnic populations is pertinent for ensuring culturally appropriate care. This scoping review aimed to explore what is known about the cultural adaptations of the EPDS in antepartum and postpartum mothers and fathers in East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian populations, and to what extent these adaptations are able to accurately screen for postpartum depression symptoms among these cultural groups. The scoping review was guided by the PRISMA‐ScR checklist. The search strategy included databases of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL and Grey literature. Included studies were primary articles published in English language peer‐reviewed journals that investigated the validation or cultural adaptation of the EPDS in mothers who were pregnant and/or had recently given birth, or fathers who were new parents, and were limited to the following cultural groups, whether living locally or abroad in a foreign country: East Asian, Southeast Asian or South Asian populations. Thirty‐six of 2469 studies met criteria for inclusion. Twenty‐one of 36 studies utilizing a culturally validated EPDS demonstrated a cut‐off score lower than the original recommended cut‐off. Important themes identified included the Role of Culture, Somatization of PPD, Method of Interview, and contrasting performance compared to other scales used to assess depression and/or anxiety. Accessibility to translated and validated EPDS and mindfulness of ethnically relevant EPDS cut‐off scores are critical when using this tool among minority ethnic populations.
Climate risks and forecastability of the weekly state‐level economic conditions of the United States
Authors: Cepni Oguzhan , Gupta Rangan , Liao Wenting , Ma Jun
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we first utilize a dynamic factor model with stochastic volatility (DFM‐SV) to filter out the national factor from the local components of weekly state‐level economic conditions indexes of the United States (US) over the period of April 1987 to August 2021. In the second step, we forecast the state‐level factors in a panel data set‐up based on the information content of corresponding state‐level climate risks, as proxied by changes in temperature and its SV. The forecasting experiment depicts statistically significant evidence of out‐of‐sample predictability over a one‐month‐ to one‐year‐ahead horizon, with stronger forecasting gains derived for states that do not believe that climate change is happening and are Republican. We also find evidence of national climate risks in accurately forecasting the national factor of economic conditions. Our analyses have important policy implications from a regional perspective.
The impact of stockout‐based switching on fill rates
Authors: Pritchard Alan M. , Sweeney Kevin D. , Çelebi Heidi , Evers Philip T.
Published: August 2023

The possibility of product substitution due to a stockout provides retailers with a buffer against lost sales but can also complicate the management of inventory because both substitute and primary demand affect inventory levels. Since most retailers make their inventory decisions around a desired service level (e.g., fill rate), it is important to understand how customer substitution behavior can influence different measures of customer service. In this study, an extensive theoretical framework is presented and used to develop a decision tree approach for predicting realized item and category fill rates. We find that item fill rate is primarily a function of the target service level of the focal item and the willingness to switch from an alternate item to the focal item. Category fill rate is influenced by the target service level of both items, with willingness to switch amplifying their effect. The decision tree approach is found to be an accurate predictor in most cases, however, it tends to overestimate item fill rate when the willingness to substitute from the alternate item increases. The approach also accurately predicts category fill rates, outside of scenarios with asymmetric substitutability.
Value of genotyping and scar‐phenotyping for VT ablation procedures in patients with nonischemic left ventricular cardiomyopathies
Authors: Kovacs Boldizsar , Ghannam Michael , Liang Jackson , Moccoro Emmeline , Attili Anil , Cochet Hubert , Helms Adam , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Jongnarangsin Krit , Morady Fred , Bogun Frank
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Variants of cardiomyopathy genes in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) generate various phenotypes of cardiac scar and delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (DE‐CMR) imaging which may impact ventricular tachycardia (VT) management.

Methods

The objective was to compare the findings of cardiomyopathy genetic testing on DE‐CMR imaging and long‐term outcomes among patients with NICM undergoing VT ablation procedures. Image phenotyping and genotyping were performed in a consecutive series of patients referred for VT ablation and correlated to survival free of VT. Scar depth index (SDI) (% of scar at 0‐3 mm, 3‐5 mm and >5 mm projected on the closest endocardial surface) was determined.

Results

Forty‐three patients were included (11 women, 55 ± 14 years, ejection fraction (EF) 45 ± 16%) and were followed for 3.4 ± 2.9 years. Pathogenic variants (PV) were identified in 16 patients (37%) in the following genes: LMNA (n = 5), TTN (n = 5), DSP (n = 2), AMLS1 (n = 1), MYBPC3 (n = 1), PLN (n = 1), and SCN5A (n = 1). A ring‐like septal scar (RLSS) pattern was more often seen in patients with pathogenic variants (66% vs 15%, p = .001). RLSS was associated with deeper seated scars (SDI >5 mm 30.6 ± 22.6% vs 12.4 ± 16.2%, p = .005), and increased VT recurrence (HR 5.7 95% CI[1.8‐18.4], p = .003). After adjustment for age, sex, EF, and total scar burden, the presence of a PV remained independently associated with worse outcomes (HR 4.7 95% CI[1.22‐18.0], p = .02).

Conclusions

Preprocedural genotyping and scar phenotyping is beneficial to identify patients with a favorable procedural outcome. Some PVs are associated with an intramural, deeper seated scar phenotype and have an increase of VT recurrence after ablation.
The initial number of fetuses in multiple pregnancy before reduction affects perinatal outcomes
Authors: Akkuş Fatih , Doğru Şükran , Atcı Aslı Altınordu , Dal Yusuf , Arıcı Elifsena Canan Alp , Acar Ali
Published: August 2023

Objective

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the perinatal outcomes of dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancies reduced by the fetal reduction (FR) procedure and cases with continuing DCDA twin pregnancies without FR.

Materials and Methods

FR performed in a university hospital in the last 10 years was evaluated. Pregnancies reduced to DCDA twin pregnancies by reduction from three or more pregnancies and pregnancies that started with DCDA twins and continued with DCDA twins were compared in terms of perinatal outcomes. In the subgroup analysis, those who were reduced from three‐chorionic three‐amniotic (TCTA) triplets to DCDA twins and those who were reduced to DCDA twin pregnancies from four or more were compared in terms of perinatal outcomes.

Results

A total of 119 pregnant women were included in the study, 36 patients underwent FR, while 83 patients were DCDA twins who did not undergo FR. The groups were similar in terms of preterm delivery (p = 0.370). There was a higher rate of miscarriage (21.4% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.019) in the group that was reduced to DCDA twins from quadruplet and above pregnancies compared to the group that was reduced from TCTA triplets to DCDA twins. The gestational week at birth was lower in the group reduced to DCDA twins from quadruplets and above pregnancies (31.00 ± 4.31 vs. 34.64 ± 2.88, p = 0.019).

Conclusion

The study's results show that the perinatal outcomes of multiple pregnancies with and without FR are the same As the number of reduced fetuses increases, the rates of preterm birth and miscarriage also increase.
There is a party in my head and no one is invited: Resting‐state electrocortical activity and solitude
Authors: Huang Chengli , Butterworth James W. , Finley Anna J. , Angus Douglas J. , Sedikides Constantine , Kelley Nicholas J.
Published: August 2023

Objective

What are the motivational underpinnings of solitude? We know from self‐report studies that increases in solitude are associated with drops in approach motivation and rises in avoidance motivation, but only when solitude is experienced as non‐self‐determined (i.e., non‐autonomous). However, the extent to which individual differences in solitude relate to neurophysiological markers of approach–avoidance motivation derived from resting‐state electroencephalogram (EEG) is unknown. These markers are Frontal Alpha Asymmetry, beta suppression, and midline Posterior versus Frontal EEG Theta Activity.

Method

We assessed the relation among individual differences in the reasons for solitude (i.e., preference for solitude, motivation for solitude), approach–avoidance motivation, and resting‐state EEG markers of approach–avoidance motivation (N = 115).

Results

General preference for solitude was negatively related to approach motivation, observed in both self‐reported measures and EEG markers of approach motivation. Self‐determined solitude was positively related to both self‐reported approach motivation and avoidance motivation in the social domain (i.e., friendship). Non‐self‐determined solitude was positively associated with self‐reported avoidance motivation.

Conclusion

This research was a preliminary attempt to address the neurophysiological underpinnings of solitude in the context of motivation.
Characterization of sugarcane mosaic virus from Cymbopogon spp. plants in Brazil
Authors: Bello Vinicius Henrique , Carpim Larissa , Kitajima Elliot Watanabe , Rezende Jorge Alberto Marques
Published: August 2023

In April 2022, virus‐like symptoms were observed in a Cymbopogon spp. plant grown in the backyard of a house and in Java citronella (C. winterianus) plants in a flower shop in Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. In April 2023, ca. 700,000 Ceylon citronella (C. nardus) plants showing symptoms of mosaic were observed in a field crop in Dois Corrégos (SP). Evidence for a possible potyvirus infection was revealed by electron microscopy and confirmed by molecular assays. Nucleotide sequencing of amplicons from RT‐PCR identified the potyvirus infecting a Cymbopogon spp. plant, Java and Ceylon citronella as sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV, genus Potyvirus). Phylogenetic analysis of the coat protein gene indicated that the SCMV isolates from Cymbopogon (C1), Java (JC1), and Ceylon citronella (CC) belong to the clade of SCMV from sugarcane. The C1 isolate, and an isolate from sugarcane (SCMV‐SU) (control) were mechanically transmitted to Java citronella, sorghum, sugarcane and maize plants. Aphis gossypii transmitted the C1 and SU isolates to Java citronella plants, while Melanaphis sacchari transmitted only the SU isolate to Java citronella plants. This is the first molecular characterization of SCMV from Cymbopogon spp. plants.
Gastric electrical stimulation is safe during pregnancy and delivery: Results from a French cohort
Authors: Soliman Heithem , Schalla Martha A. , Coffin Benoît , Gourcerol Guillaume
Published: August 2023

Background

Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) is an effective therapy in medically refractory chronic nausea and vomiting. GES is assumed to be a contraindication for pregnancy. We examined the safety of GES during pregnancy and its clinical impact on vomiting symptoms.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed in two tertiary centers including all female patients of childbearing age implanted with GES. Patients without pregnancy while on GES were asked about their desire and concerns about pregnancy. Patients who were pregnant while on GES therapy were interviewed about the course of the pregnancy and labor, as well as the health of the children.

Key Results

Among 91 patients implanted at childbearing age, 54 patients without pregnancy answered the questionnaire. Nine patients (16.7%) reported a desire for pregnancy and five patients (7.4%) reported worries about the safety of GES during pregnancy. Sixteen pregnancies were reported in 10 patients. All pregnancies ended in a live birth with premature birth in 12 pregnancies (75.0%). No health concern was currently noted in these children. No severe GES‐related complications occurred during pregnancy with only pain at the implantation site reported during 3 pregnancies (18.8%). The severity and frequency of nausea and vomiting significantly increased during the first trimester (p = 0.04 and p = 0.005, respectively) and decreased after the delivery, becoming lower than before the pregnancy (p = 0.044 and p = 0.011, respectively).

Conclusion & Inferences

Patients are concerned regarding pregnancy while being treated with GES. No serious maternal or fetal complications related to GES were noted in our cohort.
Calmodulin and calmodulin‐like protein‐mediated plant responses to biotic stresses
Authors: Zeng Houqing , Zhu Qiuqing , Yuan Peiguo , Yan Yan , Yi Keke , Du Liqun
Published: August 2023

Plants have evolved a set of finely regulated mechanisms to respond to various biotic stresses. Transient changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration have been well documented to act as cellular signals in coupling environmental stimuli to appropriate physiological responses with astonishing accuracy and specificity in plants. Calmodulins (CaMs) and calmodulin‐like proteins (CMLs) are extensively characterized as important classes of Ca2+ sensors. The spatial‐temporal coordination between Ca2+ transients, CaMs/CMLs and their target proteins is critical for plant responses to environmental stresses. Ca2+‐loaded CaMs/CMLs interact with and regulate a broad spectrum of target proteins, such as ion transporters (including channels, pumps, and antiporters), transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, metabolic enzymes and proteins with unknown biological functions. This review focuses on mechanisms underlying how CaMs/CMLs are involved in the regulation of plant responses to diverse biotic stresses including pathogen infections and herbivore attacks. Recent discoveries of crucial functions of CaMs/CMLs and their target proteins in biotic stress resistance revealed through physiological, molecular, biochemical, and genetic analyses have been described, and intriguing insights into the CaM/CML‐mediated regulatory network are proposed. Perspectives for future directions in understanding CaM/CML‐mediated signalling pathways in plant responses to biotic stresses are discussed. The application of accumulated knowledge of CaM/CML‐mediated signalling in biotic stress responses into crop cultivation would improve crop resistance to various biotic stresses and safeguard our food production in the future.
Expanding the clinical and immunological phenotype of prolidase deficiency: A case report
Authors: Basu Suprit , Barman Prabal , Das Jhumki , Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Attri Savita Verma , Mahajan Rahul , Vignesh Pandiarajan , Rawat Amit
Published: August 2023

Prolidase deficiency (PD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with recurrent infections, immune dysregulation, and autoimmunity. PD is characterized by persistent dermatitis, skin fragility, and non‐healing ulcerations on the lower limbs as its main dermatologic characteristics. Herein, we report a boy with PD due to a novel variant in PEPD who had abnormal facies, cognitive impairment, corneal opacity, recurrent infections, and persistent non‐healing leg ulcers. Th17 lymphocyte counts and phosphorylated‐STAT5 expression following IL‐2 stimulation were reduced in our patient as compared to healthy control.
Neural dynamics of vicarious physical pain processing reflect impaired empathy toward sexually objectified versus non‐sexually objectified women
Authors: Cogoni Carlotta , Monachesi Bianca , Mazza Veronica , Grecucci Alessandro , Vaes Jeroen
Published: August 2023

Sexually objectified women are perceived as dehumanized. This may affect the behavioral and neural responses underlying the observer's empathic reactions for their physical pain, although this hypothesis still lacks empirical support. In the present study, we measured the electrophysiological activity of 30 participants (14 females and 16 males), in an empathy for physical pain paradigm in which pictures of sexualized and non‐sexualized women were presented in painful and non‐painful situations. The behavioral results revealed that sexualized women were evaluated as experiencing less pain than non‐sexualized women. Neural evidence corroborated this finding showing that the perception of vicarious physical pain is lacking for sexualized women in both event‐related potentials (ERPs) and brain oscillation domains. Specifically, the P2 component and the event‐related synchronization/desynchronization (ERS/ERD) on the mu frequency band differed between painful and non‐painful stimulation exclusively when women were not sexualized. Our results provide the first evidence that the neurophysiological responses to the vicarious experience of physical pain are dampened or even absent for sexualized women. These findings expand our understanding of the neurophysiological signatures of empathic processes and highlight the detrimental effect of a sexual‐objectification bias in everyday contexts.
Reinvasion of restored California vernal pools reveals the importance of long‐term restoration planning
Authors: Tang Joanna , Nolan Madeline , D'Antonio Carla , Cooper Scott D. , Stratton Lisa
Published: August 2023

Ecological restoration often focuses on short‐term intervention efforts with the goal of creating restored ecosystems that do not require continuous human maintenance. Here, we ask: Do short‐term restoration efforts result in self‐sustaining native assemblages, or do these restored ecosystems require long‐term management to prevent reinvasion of exotic species? We address this question using restored vernal pool wetlands in coastal California. Restoration efforts in vernal pool ecosystems are often hindered because many restored vernal pools exist within a grassland matrix that is highly invaded by exotic annual grasses and forbs. To test whether restored pools experienced reinvasion, we assessed plant species abundance and diversity at varying times after intensive weeding had ceased. The central bottom of pools, where inundation duration is the longest, showed stable or even increasing native cover and no trends in exotic abundance over time. However, exotic cover and richness increased in the upland edges of the pools, where drier conditions allow exotic grasses from the surrounding unrestored grassland to grow. Our findings indicate that edges of restored ecosystems are susceptible to invasion over time, but that this depends on abiotic and biotic conditions within the ecosystem, such as pool shape and landscape matrix, that can potentially be manipulated through initial planning (e.g., constructing circular pools) and long‐term management (e.g., annual weeding). Our findings highlight the importance of ongoing monitoring and adaptive management and support a paradigm shift away from short‐term interventions and toward viewing restoration as a longstanding relationship with the land that may require continuous human management.
Examination of real‐time variation in interpersonal hopelessness and suicidal desire in a college student sample reporting past‐2‐week suicidal ideation
Authors: Gerner Jessica L. , Moscardini Emma H. , Mitchell Sean M. , Hill Ryan M. , Tucker Raymond P.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Interpersonal hopelessness (IH), as outlined in the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, is theorized to include two correlated, distinct constructs: hopelessness about one's thwarted belongingness (IH‐TB) and about perceived burdensomeness on others (IH‐PB). Few studies have explored IH, and none have explored its temporal stability or prospective prediction of suicidal desire.

Methods

Undergraduates (N = 43) selectively recruited for past‐2‐week suicidal ideation completed five ecological momentary assessment surveys per day for 10‐days. Intraclass correlations, root mean square of successive differences, and multilevel models were used to examine the data and test relationships among predictor variables.

Results

IH‐TB and IH‐PB demonstrated greater temporal stability than general hopelessness. IH‐TB, IH‐PB, and their interaction were significant predictors of suicidal desire concurrently and prospectively. IH‐PB was no longer significantly predictive of suicidal desire when adjusting for general hopelessness. Post‐hoc models showed that suicidal desire was not predictive of IH‐TB, IH‐PB, or their interaction suggesting the relationship is not recursive.

Conclusion

Results showed that interventions aimed at decreasing one's hopelessness specific to TB and PB may be beneficial for decreasing suicidal desire. Future research should seek to replicate these results in larger and more diverse samples and consider the use of shorter ambulatory assessment intervals.
Examination of proinflammatory activity as a moderator of the relation between momentary interpersonal stress and suicidal ideation
Authors: Defayette Annamarie B. , Esposito‐Smythers Christianne , Cero Ian , Kleiman Evan M. , López Roberto , Harris Katherine M. , Whitmyre Emma D.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Peer‐related interpersonal stress can increase risk for suicidal thoughts among adolescents and young adults. However, not all individuals who undergo peer‐related interpersonal stressors experience suicidal thoughts. Heightened proinflammatory activity is one factor that may amplify the relation between interpersonal stress and suicidal thinking.

Methods

This pilot study examined the relation between interpersonal stress and suicidal ideation in real time, as well as whether proinflammatory cytokine (IL‐6 and TNF‐α) activity across a laboratory social stressor moderated this association in a sample of 42 emerging adults with recent suicidal ideation. Participants completed 28 days of 6×/daily ecological momentary assessment that assessed for suicidal ideation (presence vs. absence, ideation intensity), occurrence of negative peer events, and feelings of exclusion.

Results

There was a trend for within‐person increases in feelings of exclusion to be associated with increases in concurrent suicidal ideation intensity. Additionally, within‐person increases in negative peer events were associated with increased odds of subsequent suicidal ideation among individuals with very low IL‐6 activity. However, this finding is considered preliminary.

Conclusion

Interventions targeting perceptions of exclusion and increasing social support may be of benefit. However, findings require replication in larger samples, and thus must be interpreted with caution.
Evaluation of compressor fatigue at 150 compressions per minute during cardiopulmonary resuscitation using a large dog manikin
Authors: Reyes‐Martínez María , Herrería‐Bustillo Vicente J.
Published: August 2023

Objective

To determine whether CPR providers can perform chest compressions (CC) appropriately at a rate of 150 compressions per minute during a 2‐minute cycle and to identify the presence of rescuer fatigue.

Design

High fidelity simulator study.

Setting

University veterinary teaching hospital.

Subjects

Sixty subjects, 30 women and 30 men.

Interventions

Subjects performed CC at 150 compressions per minute on a dog manikin for 2 minutes. Real‐time depth of compressions, compression release, and compression rate were measured using a CPR training device. Demographic data from the subjects were analyzed alongside data obtained from the monitoring device.

Measurements and Main Results

Only 38.3% of participants were able to perform CC with appropriate depth and release at 150 compressions per minute during a 2‐minute cycle. There was a decay in the quality of CC between the first and the second minute. The number of compressions and percentage of compressions with correct release were similar among various genders, ages, and professions. In contrast, the percentage of compressions with correct depth was significantly higher among individuals with higher body mass index (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.293; P = 0.023) and higher biceps brachii muscle circumference during muscle contraction (r = 0.423; P = 0.001).

Conclusions

This study suggests that increasing the compression rate to 150 compressions per minute in large dogs using the thoracic pump technique might not be viable because most participants were not able to sustain enough appropriate CC. Rescuer fatigue affects compression depth at this rate, leading to a decay in CPR quality.
Effects of storage up to 1 year on the in vitro antimicrobial activity of preformulated antibiotic‐impregnated calcium sulfate beads
Authors: Hartman Emily Allyson , Pena Hernandez Daniela , Hendrix Gena Kenitra , Risselada Marije , Weng Hsin‐Yi , Papich Mark G. , Kim Sun Young
Published: August 2023

Objective

To compare antimicrobial activity as demonstrated by the zone of inhibition (ZOI) produced by antibiotic‐impregnated calcium sulfate (CaSO4) beads after storage for 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.

Study design

Controlled laboratory study.

Sample population

Three‐millimeter diameter CaSO4 beads impregnated with vancomycin (125 mg/mL), or amikacin (250 mg/mL), or without antibiotic (control).

Methods

Calcium sulfate beads were created at the onset of the study. Individual beads were separated in sterile containers and stored in a closed cabinet at room temperature and humidity for 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 months until testing. The ZOI against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recorded with serial replating on a fresh lawn of bacteria every 24 h until beads failed to produce a ZOI. The ZOIs and their changes were compared with mixed‐effects linear models. Eluted concentrations of vancomycin measured with high‐performance liquid chromatography were reported.

Results

At 24 h, ZOIs were comparable regardless of time since formulation, except vancomycin against P. aeruginosa, which failed to generate a ZOI. The daily changes of ZOI and duration of activity of antibiotics did not vary between storage length (p > .05). There was no consistent change in eluted drug concentration between storage length of beads.

Conclusion

Light protected storage at room temperature for up to 12 months did not impair the in vitro activity of antibiotic‐impregnated CaSO4 beads, as demonstrated through ZOIs.

Clinical significance

When stored correctly, antibiotic‐impregnated CaSO4 beads can be used at least up to 12 months after formulation.
Physical therapist use of telehealth in older adults within the home health setting: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Bartlett Andrew S. , Dawson Jacqueline
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

The objective of this scoping review is to summarize the available information on types of telehealth services provided to older adults when physical therapy is involved in their delivery of care. Methods of clinical assessment and outcomes will also be identified.

Introduction:

Information on telerehabilitation interventions for older adults is lacking, yet older individuals can greatly benefit from person-centered care within a home setting. Hence, it is important to synthesize the literature pertaining to telehealth and physical therapy to identify gaps and key implications.

Inclusion criteria:

This review will consider studies that include adults who are 65 years of age or older, who receive telehealth services within their home, and have a physical therapist involved. Quantitative, qualitative, and gray literature written in English and other languages will be included in this review.

Methods:

A 3-step search strategy will be followed, in line with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched will include JBI Evidence Synthesis, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PRIMO, PubMed Central, PsycInfo (Ovid), LWW Nursing/Medical Journals (Ovid), and OpenGrey. Data will be extracted by 2 independent reviewers. The results will be synthesized, charted, and mapped and the findings will be presented in a peer-reviewed journal.

Details of this review project are available at:

Open Science Framework https://osf.io/9kyus/
Composite receptive fields in the mouse auditory cortex
Authors: Lu Sihao , Ang Grace W.Y. , Steadman Mark , Kozlov Andriy S.
Published: August 2023

A central question in sensory neuroscience is how neurons represent complex natural stimuli. This process involves multiple steps of feature extraction to obtain a condensed, categorical representation useful for classification and behaviour. It has previously been shown that central auditory neurons in the starling have composite receptive fields composed of multiple features. Whether this property is an idiosyncratic characteristic of songbirds, a group of highly specialized vocal learners or a generic property of sensory processing is unknown. To address this question, we have recorded responses from auditory cortical neurons in mice, and characterized their receptive fields using mouse ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) as a natural and ethologically relevant stimulus and pitch‐shifted starling songs as a natural but ethologically irrelevant control stimulus. We have found that these neurons display composite receptive fields with multiple excitatory and inhibitory subunits. Moreover, this was the case with either the conspecific or the heterospecific vocalizations. We then trained the sparse filtering algorithm on both classes of natural stimuli to obtain statistically optimal features, and compared the natural and artificial features using UMAP, a dimensionality‐reduction algorithm previously used to analyse mouse USVs and birdsongs. We have found that the receptive‐field features obtained with both types of the natural stimuli clustered together, as did the sparse‐filtering features. However, the natural and artificial receptive‐field features clustered mostly separately. Based on these results, our general conclusion is that composite receptive fields are not a unique characteristic of specialized vocal learners but are likely a generic property of central auditory systems.

image

Key points

Auditory cortical neurons in the mouse have composite receptive fields with several excitatory and inhibitory features.

Receptive‐field features capture temporal and spectral modulations of natural stimuli.

Ethological relevance of the stimulus affects the estimation of receptive‐field dimensionality.
Offset-Free Quasi-Infinite Horizon Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller Design Using Parameter Adaptation
Authors: Bamimore Ayorinde , Rajhans Chinmay , Osinuga Abraham B. , Osunleke Ajiboye S. , Taiwo Oluwafemi
Published: August 2023

This paper proposes an offset-free Quasi-Infinite Horizon Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (QIH-NMPC) using online parameter adaptation. In the proposed method, the adaptation law is modeled by a first order differential equation as a function of the tracking error and subsequently combined with a QIH-NMPC algorithm for online updating of the unknown parameter. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated on a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and an experimental cascaded three-tank system with uncertain model parameters, structural plant/model mismatch and noisy measurements. For the purpose of comparison, the state-of-the-art online state and parameter estimators such as moving horizon estimation (MHE) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) were also incorporated into QIH-NMPC algorithm. The simulation and experimental results obtained showed the efficacy of the proposed adaptation scheme as it demonstrated a comparable performance to standard estimators (MHE and EKF) although with a lesser computational time.
Effect of Different Types of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament on the Dynamic Biomechanical Response of the Spinal Cord: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zheng Liang-dong , Cao Yu-ting , Yang Yi-ting , Xu Meng-lei , Zeng Hui-zi , Zhu Shi-jie , Jin Chen , Yuan Qing , Zhu Rui
Published: August 2023

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) has been identified as an important cause of cervical myelopathy. However, the biomechanical mechanism between the OPLL type and the clinical characteristics of myelopathy remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types of OPLL on the dynamic biomechanical response of the spinal cord. A three-dimensional finite element model of the fluid–structure interaction of the cervical spine with spinal cord was established and validated. The spinal cord stress and strain, cervical range of motion (ROM) in different types of OPLL models were predicted during dynamic flexion and extension activity. Different types of OPLL models showed varying degrees of increase in stress and strain under the process of flexion and extension, and there was a surge toward the end of extension. Larger spinal cord stress was observed in segmental OPLL. For continuous and mixed types of OPLL, the adjacent segments of OPLL showed a dramatic increase in ROM, while the ROM of affected segments was limited. As a dynamic factor, flexion and extension of the cervical spine play an amplifying role in OPLL-related myelopathy, while appropriate spine motion is safe and permitted. Segmental OPLL patients are more concerned about the spinal cord injury induced by large stress, and patients with continuous OPLL should be noted to progressive injuries of adjacent level.
Back Matter
Authors: Muzychka Yuri S. , Yovanovich M. Michael
Published: August 2023

This back matter contains the Appendix A. Special Functions, Appendix B. Hardness, Appendix C. Thermal Properties and Index.