bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medico-ethnobotanical exploration of Almora forest division, Uttarakhand, India—Need for the conservation of medicinal plants
Authors: Rawat Mohan S. , Rai Amit Kumar , Arya Deepshikha , Kumar Sanjiv , Mahajon Bidhan , Rath Chinmay , Tripathi Ashish Kumar , Mangal Anupam K. , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Medico-ethnobotanical exploration is an important part of drug research, which provides information on the distribution, availability, and natural habitat of medicinal plants. The collection of specimens and photographs during the survey tours acts as the reference materials for the description and characterization of raw drugs and their botanical source to avoid adulteration and substitution. The present study aimed to explore the potential of the medicinal plants of the Almora forest division and their present status in the natural habitat.

METHODS:

Medico-ethnobotanical exploration was carried out in the Almora forest division of Kumaun Himalayan region in Uttarakhand, India, from July 2018 to February 2019. Almora, Someshwar, Mohan, and Jaurasi ranges of the Almora forest division were explored in different seasons during these surveys. During exploration, herbarium specimens and photographs of medicinal plants, preferably flowering or fruiting twigs, were collected with locality and GPS data. Plants were identified and also referred to the herbarium of the Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Ranikhet, Uttarakhand, and the published literature.

RESULTS:

During these surveys, 204 medicinal plant species were documented with their local name and locality(s) with GPS location showing their distribution. Among the 204 identified medicinal plant species of this region, six species are found under the endangered and threatened category.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is an urgent need for the conservation of medicinal plants and their natural habitat for their perpetual existence. Further, medicinal plants having commercial potential should be cultivated by local inhabitants for their socioeconomic development.
Present scenario and future prospects of traditional healers from Hassan district, Karnataka
Authors: Venkatesh Amara Kushavara , Garampalli Rajkumar H.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Traditional medicines always played important role in meeting the global healthcare needs. In Hassan district, traditional medicinal practices are widespread, which may be attributed to rich plant diversity in the Western Ghats and presence of many ethnic groups. The study was conducted with a purpose of evaluating the current status of traditional medicinal practitioners in the study region and encompassed on the reasons behind depleting practices and future prospects.

METHODS:

The present study collected and reviewed information using questionnaire from 171 traditional practitioners from Hassan district, Karnataka during 2020–2021.

RESULTS:

The survey found that 36% of healers learnt from other practitioners in their community who were not family members, either as students or people who lived nearby, and 65% learned traditional medicine from their ancestors. In traditional medicine, plants are the main source of medication, and 83% of practitioners use plants solely in their concoctions. Sixty-six percent (66%) of healers were willing to share knowledge, whereas the remaining were conservative in their approach. Various categories of diseases were being treated with abdominal and skin diseases being the dominant.

CONCLUSIONS:

Given the similarities in disease diagnosis, plant harvesting, and processing that have been seen, additional rigorous research is required to put the relationship between Ayurveda and noncodified ancient systems of medicine on a more firm footing. The practise seems to be going extinct due to a lack of knowledge transmission and a shortage of medicinal plants.
Venerated and medicinal aspects of plants used in India
Authors: Sahoo Rudra Narayan , Kumar Suresh , Suryavanshi Amrita , Kain Dolly , Arya Atul , Chaudhry Bharti
Published: October 2023

Plants have always been the backbone of the entire ecosystem of life. Humans depend upon plants not only for fulfilling their basic needs but also for spiritual activities. Their significance has been attributed to their social importance. However, with modernization, these very traditional cultures and practices are increasingly at risk of extinction. Their associations with faith and religious practices have always been a boon for the conservation of plants and the entire ecosystem depends on it. India is a nation of rich cultural heritage, since ages, it has always emphasized the significance of plants in sacred texts and scriptures. Our ancestors linked divinity with several plants for their conservation and categorized them as sacred plants because of their miraculous medicinal properties. This situation reflects that though the knowledge of the medicinal value of the plants has vanished, it is still practiced in their religious culture. The study attempts to analyze both the religious and medicinal aspects of 21 plants on the basis of their analogous use across the subcontinent with respect to religions and shared beliefs which got incorporated in our culture because of their diverse benefits, making a divine way for the protection of nature and culture. This study shall stress the importance of ethnobotany and help in the constitution of realistic conservation strategies aiding sustainable development. The enlisted medicinal plants reveal ancient practices that have been scientifically accurate in terms of health and holistic lifestyle, promoting the sustainable use of plants for the betterment of the environment.
An exploration of the preliminary unit operative pharmaceutical process of Vajra Bhasma (diamond ash)
Authors: Parekh Dipali Narendrakumar , Bopaliya Dharmishtha J. , Chudhary Swapnil Y. , Patgiri Biswajyoti J.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Vajra (diamond) is a precious gemstone; classified under the Ratna Varga in Ayurveda. More than 13 GMP-certified companies are preparing and marketing Vajra Bhasma (diamond ash) for challenging disorders like cancer, tumors, etc. After reviewing their method for the preparation of Vajra Bhasma; mostly used the reference of Rasa Tantra Sara Evam Siddha Yoga Samgraha. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the preliminary unit operative pharmaceutical process of Vajra Bhasma with the same method.

METHODS:

Vajra has been analysed by Raman spectroscopy to standardize the material. The Shodhana (purifying process) was carried out with 108 times Nisechana (quenching). The Marana (the process of making Bhasma) has been carried out with Gulab Arka (rose distillate) and Kumari Swarasa (aloe vera juice) as a Marana media under the temperature of 900°C in an electric muffle furnace and maintained for 1 h. Vajra Bhasma was analysed for organoleptic and physicochemical parameters.

RESULTS:

108 times of repeated heating and quenching resulted in 2.84% weight loss after Shodhana. A 9.30% weight gain was found at the end of the Marana process. 60 Putas (a measure of heat) were sufficient for the Bhasma Sidhhi Lakshanas like Varitratva (sprinkled Bhasma floating on water), Nishchandratva (lustreless), etc.

CONCLUSION:

This study led to a better elucidation of the medicinal product Vajra Bhasma in accordance with Ayurveda. Medicines in Ayurvedic approaches to preparation should be used to consider recent designs and practices. The soaking method of the Bhavana method is advisable in the Marana process.
Quality assessment of Kajjali yoga
Authors: Singh Arjun , Ota Sarada , Srikanth Narayanam , Galib Ruknuddin , Bojja Sreedhar , Dhiman Kartar Singh
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Kajjali (black sulfide of mercury) is prepared with mercury and sulfur as per Ayurvedic classics and is an important ingredient in many Rasaushadhis (herbo-mineral/metallic drugs)/Ayurvedic medicines. Here, an attempt has been made to understand its chemical composition and microstructure characterization of this drug using AAS/ICP-AES, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Kajjali was prepared in three batches by taking equal proportions of Shodhita Parada (purified mercury) and Shodhita Gandhaka (purified sulfur) and ground in Khalwa yantra (mortar and pestle) till the disappearance of metallic luster of mercury and conversion of the compound into black powder. Ayurvedic specifications for the analysis of Kajjali yoga were carried out. Physico-chemical analysis, assay of elements by AAS and ICP-AES, and microstructure characterization by XRD and XPS were performed to ensure the chemical nature.

RESULTS:

The chemical analysis revealed that Kajjali yoga contains 49.50% of mercury and 45.50% of sulfur on average together with minor elements. It usually contains free sulfur as evident from a peak at 21.3° in the XRD pattern. The XRD pattern confirms to the low temperature cubic crystalline form of mercuric sulfide.

CONCLUSION:

The developed in-house quality standards for the Kajjali yoga may be used as quality standards for the Kajjali yoga and will also help the scientists and researchers for further studies.
Shelf-life evaluation of Kasisadya Ghritam prepared by two different methods: A preliminary evaluation
Authors: Yadav Pramod R. , Galib R. , Prajapati Pradeep Kumar , Singh Preeti
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Kasisadya ghritam (KG) is a herbomineral formulation comprising 32 natural ingredients mentioned in Sharangadhara samhita. Different methods of preparation have been mentioned regarding the same especially in respect to the heating pattern, that is, Agnipaki and Suryatapi. As this medicine has shown promising results in various ailments since the ages, the use of this medicine has become very prevalent in recent clinical practices. The globalization and commercialization of Ayurveda sought for the stability of this medicine is unfortunately not evaluated to date. Therefore, a plan had been made to evaluate the shelf life of this formulation by following parameters prevalent in the respective scenario. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shelf life of both the samples of Kasisadya ghritam Suryatapi (KGS) and Kasisadya ghritam Agnipaki (KGA) through basic analytical parameters and chromatographic fingerprinting.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Stability period of both the samples was determined by the accelerated stability study as per International Council of Harmonization (ICH) Guidelines Q1A (R2). The test drugs were stored at 40°C ± 2°C temperature and 75 ± 5% relative humidity and withdrawn at the intervals of 0, 1st, 3rd, and 6th months of storage. Physicochemical parameters of KGS and KGA were analyzed at the intervals of 0, 1, 3, and 6 months, whereas chromatographic fingerprinting was done initially and after 6 months of the study. Based upon the observations, intercept, slope, 10% degradation of the sample, and the shelf life of both the samples were calculated.

RESULTS:

Basic analytical parameters showed both the samples deteriorate by time. By calculating the analytical data, 10% degradation of KGS was found in specific gravity (0.83), viscosity (194.4), acid value (6.58), peroxide value (1.97), and total fatty matter (78.83). The data of KGA revealed 10% degradation in parameters, that is, specific gravity (0.8295), viscosity (496.8), acid value (0.864), peroxide value (1.341), and total fatty matter (82.81). Rf values obtained from high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) of both samples initially and after 6 months showed minimum deterioration of the product. Microbial count and heavy metals were below the permissible limits in both the samples. Accelerated stability study reveals the shelf life of KGS as 3.8 years, whereas that of KGA as 4.4 years.

CONCLUSION:

Rule 161 B of Drugs and Cosmetics Rule, 1945 mentioned the shelf life of medicated Ghrita as 2 years. This time period is general, and different formulations may have different shelf lives based upon several factors. The samples tested in the current study, that is, KGS and KGA, are found to have a shelf life of 3.8 and 4.4 years, respectively, which are more than the time specified in the guidelines. The findings suggest that the sample prepared by subjecting to heat has more shelf life than the sample prepared by subjecting to sunlight.
A narrative literary review on design of anti-diabetic (Prameha) formulations from various Ayurveda treatises
Authors: Kannan Amulya , Naik Raghavendra , Kavya N. , Monica K. P. , Bhat Sulochana
Published: October 2023

Ayurveda texts spanning from 100 BC to 18th AD, which have not been frequently scrutinised for management of Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) have been selected. This review is expected to enrich the documentary evidences about classical references on formulations related to Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) as add on to future researches. A total of 524 formulations out of 15 Ayurveda texts have been considered to observe drug design methods in this review paper. Formulations with Phalashruti (verse with indications) of “Prameha” were scrutinised. The preliminary data was categorised based on their dosage forms, indications of formulations in accordance to Doshas (regulatory functional factors of the body), adjuvants etc and the result have been substantiated. Drugs and formulations most enumerated amongst these 15 texts have been presented. Kwatha (decoction) is most enumerated dosage form (241 formulations). Honey is most enumerated adjuvant (172 formulations). Nyagrodadhi gana (kwatha or churna) and Dhanvantara ghrita were the most frequently mentioned formulation. Triphala was the most enlisted drug amongst 323 formulations (in formulation with less than 10 ingredients). Vidanga (Embelia ribes Burm.f.), Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight and Arn.) Patha (Cissampelos pareira L.) were most repeated drugs indicated in Kaphaja Prameha, Pittaja Prameha and Vataja Prameha respectively (in formulation with less than 10 ingredients). This review gives comprehensive detail related to formulations indicated in Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) compiled from 15 Ayurveda treatises.
A review on the protective role of selected Ayurveda herbs against skin cancer
Authors: Aniqa Aniqa , Kaur Sarvnarinder , Sadwal Shilpa
Published: October 2023

Melanoma skin cancer (MSC) is considered the most aggressive among all skin cancers due to its tendency to fast growth, metastasis, and high relapse rate. Although MSC is treatable if identified early, several side effects and aesthetic issues associated with its treatment impose a psychological burden and compromise patients’ quality of life. Thus, there is a dire need for primary prevention by adopting alternative remedies, which are accessible, safe, and cost-effective. The present review emphasizes the role of selected Ayurveda herbs, viz.,Azadirachta indicaA. Juss,Ocimum tenuiflorumL.,Phyllanthus emblicaL.,Santalum albumL.,Tinospora cordifolia(Willd.) Hook. F. and Thoms., andWithania somniferaL. Dunal, which are long being utilized in the Indian traditional system to tackle diverse health problems in preventing MSCs. PubMed and Google Scholar were used to search various research articles on the anti-oncogenic and chemopreventive roles of Ayurveda herbs. This review emphasizes the beneficial effects of Ayurveda herbs so that the ordinary public includes these herbs in their routine to prevent MSC and other cancers. The available literature clearly states that these herbs are beneficial in preventing MSCs. However, the scarcity of clinical trials on these herbs warrants extensive research in this area to obtain an efficacious drug.
Similarity and docking analysis of bioactive compounds from Adansonia digitata L. against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor—An in silico approach
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Shukla Vinay Janardan
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

The development of novel anticancer medications has been the most pressing necessity in recent years because cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. For more than 50 years, natural remedies have been acknowledged as powerful in the fight against many illnesses, including cancer. So in the current study, different similarity-based approaches were used to discover whether the bioactive present in Adansonia digitata has anticancer potential through similarity analysis and in silico docking study.

METHODS:

The chemotype similarity searching was done using KNIME using Tanimoto and dice (substructure) similarity measures against the molecules present in the CHEMBEL database having activity on the HepG2 cell line. After that, docking was performed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, which is responsible for hepatic cancer, using Pyrx AutoDock wizard with MGL tools 1.5.6 by using a genetic algorithm, and visualization was done using UCSF chimera.

RESULTS:

The study has shown that the bioactives present in Adansonia digitata have similarity with the anticancer molecules having activity against the HepG2 cell lines and the docking study revealed that the binding energy ranges from -0.72 to -10.32 (Kcal/mol). Smaller binding energies represent the stronger interaction of the molecules.

CONCLUSION:

Adansonia digitata has bioactives that may be an effective inhibitor against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and may possess anticancer properties.
Shelf life computation of Bhallataka Rasayana
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Yadav Pramod , Ruknuddin Galib , Prajapati Pradeep kumar
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Bhallataka Rasayana (BR), an Ayurvedic formulation, contains Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardium L.f.) as the main ingredient. This ingredient is well-known for its anti-oxidant, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-reproductive, CNS stimulant, hypoglycemic, and anti-carcinogenic activities. Although it is an effective classical formulation, yet no published data is available on its stability. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to evaluate the shelf life of each formulation following parameters predominant in the concerned scenario. Here, an attempt has been made to determine the shelf life of BR through an accelerated stability study.

METHODS:

Following classical reference, BR was prepared in the Pharmaceutical Laboratory, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi. The samples were subjected to an accelerated stability study maintaining temperature and humidity of 40°C ± 2°C, and 75% ± 5% respectively. Relevant analytical parameters were performed at an interval of 0, 1, 3, and 6 months to check the degradation levels in the formulation.

RESULT:

Insignificant changes were observed in the organoleptic parameters, while significant changes were observed in some of the physico-chemical constants at different stages of analysis. Also, microbial contamination and heavy metals examination tests were found within the permissible limits. On extrapolation of the observations, the shelf life of BR is found to be 4 years and 4 months.

CONCLUSION:

The shelf life of BR exceeds the classical standards for confectionary preparations. Increased shelf life may be due to minimal ingredients and strict following of standard manufacturing procedures with proper hygiene maintenance.
Critical note on pretreatment (Shodhana) of Bakuchi (Psoralea corylifolia L.)
Authors: Makwana Sarika , Mehere Nikhil , Bedarkar Prashant , Biswajyoti Patgiri
Published: October 2023

Bakuchi (Psoralea corylifolia L.) is an herb mainly indicated for the treatment of skin diseases in the classical text of Ayurveda. Before the use of several potent herbs, metals, minerals, and poisonous plants, specific processing is mentioned to be done to minimize the untoward effect of the drug or to make the drug more suitable for further processing as mentioned in Ayurveda classics. Such procedures are considered pretreatment (Shodhana). Although classical texts of Ayurveda have mentioned pretreatment of Bakuchi fruits before their therapeutic use, its internal administration after processing is not prevalent in clinical practice. This pretreatment may be considered as the Shodhana procedure of Bakuchi. Accordingly, data were assembled in the context of pretreatment of Bakuchi from Ashtanga Samgraha, Gadanigraha, Rasoudhhara Tantra, Vrunda Madhava, Anandakanda, Rasakamadhenu, and from published researches. Three procedures, viz. Nimajjana (immersion), Prakshalana (washing with water), and Bharjana (roasting), were mentioned for pretreatment of Bakuchi. Pretreatments are noted as soaking of Bakuchi fruits in Gomutra (cow’s urine) or Ardraka Swarasa (juice of Zingiber officinale Rosc.) for 7 or 21 days or Bibhitaka Kwatha (decoction of Terminalia belerica Roxb.) for 1 night and Bharjana (roasting) in Ghee. Blisters occur because of the presence of furanocoumarins like psoralen in formulations, which holds Bakuchi. Pretreatment performed on Bakuchi fruits may derive newer chemical moieties, further rendering it helpful to minimize adverse drug reactions, increase the efficacy of Bakuchi or its containing formulation, and further break the pathogenesis of the disease.
Antiproliferative potential of Amalaki Rasayana and the effect of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub on the cytotoxicity
Authors: Subramanyan Santhi , Selvakumar Deepika , Omanakuttan Vishnu K. , Maiti Kaustabh K. , Varma Ramavarma L. , Pillai Rajmohan V. , Radhakrishnan Kokkuvayil V.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Amalaki Rasayana is one of the prominent rejuvenating Rasayana described in Indian traditional Ayurvedic medicine for healthy aging.

AIM:

This work is focused on the comparative evaluation of the antiproliferative potential of AR, amla (a constituent), and Butea monosperma (BM; a component in the preparation) in the human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cell line and normal lung fibroblast (WI-38) cell lines. Also, we carried out the identification of phytoconstituents from the heartwood of BM.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Cell growth inhibitory effects of the extracts of AR, amla, and BM were carried out using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Isolation and characterization of compounds from BM were carried out using column chromatography and various spectroscopic techniques.

RESULTS:

AR exhibited a significant anticancer activity in HeLa cells compared to amla, and the Rasayana was found to be less cytotoxic toward normal cells. The results indicated an increase in the cytotoxicity to HeLa cells when amla is processed compared to AR in the heartwood of BM. The phytochemical investigation of BM revealed the presence of isoflavones as the major constituent. The isolated compounds were formononetin, daidzein, prunetin, lupiwighteone, afrormosin, erypoegin K, genistein, sterols β-sitosterol and stigmasterol and a monosaccharide D-mannitol. Erypoegin K, lupiwighteone, and D-mannitol were reported for the first time from this species and afrormosin was reported for the first time from the heartwood.

CONCLUSIONS:

Antiproliferative potential of AR was confirmed on cervical carcinoma. BM significantly enhances the therapeutic potential of AR, and AR could be an effective chemopreventive agent.
Neuroprotective role of Sida acuta Burm. f. in scopolamine-induced memory impairment rat model
Authors: Singh Jyoti , Nayak Prasanta Kumar , Kushwaha Ashwini Kumar , Gautam Dev Nath Singh , Nandi Manmath Kumar
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

In the present study, neuropharmacological effect of Sida acuta root extract was investigated by in vitro and in vivo experimental models.

METHODS:

In in vitro electrophysiological study, hippocampal slices of the albino rats’ brain were treated with three different concentrations of the extract (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL). Field excitatory postsynaptic potential slope (mV/ms) was assessed. In in vivo study, plant extract was given at three different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w., p.o.). Piracetam (200 mg/kg i.p.) was used as a standard drug and scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce dementia in rats. The effect of extract was assessed using elevated plus maze and Barnes maze model.

RESULTS:

The in vitro result showed reduction in the amplitude of field excitatory postsynaptic potential slope after wash in the extract at 0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, and 1 mg/mL due to the partial blockage of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor. In vivo study reveals that scopolamine-treated rats exhibited delayed latency time in elevated plus maze and Barnes maze, as well as numbers of error were also increased in Barnes maze as compared to the control. Animals treated with piracetam and root extract (200 mg/kg) reduced the effect of scopolamine-induced dementia to a great extent.

CONCLUSION:

This finding reveals that Sida acuta root extract has cognitive enhancing activity.
Preparation of Gomaya Swarasa (cow dung-expressed juice): A preliminary pharmaceutical evaluation
Authors: Sariga K. S , Acharya Rabinarayan
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Gomaya Swarasa (Cow dung expressed juice) is one of the commonly used materials in Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics. Available Ayurvedic pharmacopeias provide inadequate information about the process of preparation of Gomaya Swarasa. This article deals with the preparation of Gomaya Swarasa and its preliminary pharmaceutical evaluation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Fresh Gomaya (cow dung) obtained from Bos primigenius indicus species was used to prepare Gomaya Swarasa by using two different methods: first, by keeping a piece of clean muslin cloth inside the Gomaya for one Yama three hours and extracting the Swarasa by squeezing it. In another method, water was added, in three different ratios: half, same, and double the quantity with freshly collected Gomaya and properly mixed, set aside for three hours, and finally kept in a muslin cloth and tied like a Pottali for twenty four hours. The Swarasa obtained were collected on the following day; the yield, consistency, specific gravity, and pH were analyzed following standard methods of API. Each method was repeated three times.

RESULTS:

No yield was obtained in the first method of extraction. The maximum quantity of Swarasa obtained was 74% in 1:2 (Gomaya: water) ratio dilution, followed by 37.4% in 1:1 ratio dilution. The consistency of Swarasa obtained in 1:1/2 dilution was very thick with an average specific gravity of 1.009, whereas that in 1:1 dilution is somewhat thick but more liquid in nature with an average specific gravity of 1.006. The Swarasa obtained from 1:2 dilution is thin and of liquid consistency with an average specific gravity of 1.004. The maximum average pH obtained is 7.56 in 1:1/2 dilution, and the minimum average pH is 6.28 in 1:2 ratio dilution.

CONCLUSION:

Gomaya Swarasa prepared by adding the double quantity of water can be taken as a better method of preparation in terms of yield, consistency, and specific gravity. However, the pH of Gomaya Swarasa from this method was slightly acidic (average pH-6.28) in nature. Thus, Swarasa from 1:1 dilution can be taken as standard in terms of pH, where the other factors such as yield, consistency, and specific gravity are also acceptable. The Swarasa obtained from different dilutions can be used in pharmaceutics based on its need in terms of pH, yield, consistency, and specific gravity.
Botanical standardization, phytochemical analysis, and antioxidant studies of various fractions of Atibala [Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet] leaves
Authors: Bolleddu Rajesh , Venkatesh Sama , Mangal Anupam K. , Varanasi Subhose , Paria Deboleena , Prasad Peyyala Venkata Vara , Shiddamallayya Nagayya , Bandi Venkateshwarlu , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet (family: Malvaceae) is a perennial herb with golden yellow flowers called as Atibala in Ayurveda. The roots of this plant were widely used in traditional system of medicine as aphrodisiac, uterine tonic, and leaves are used in bronchitis, gonorrhea, fever, and urethritis.

AIM:

In this study, histological, powder microscopical studies of A. indicum (Malvaceae) leaves, followed by total phenolic, flavonoid content, antioxidant potential of hydroalcoholic extract, and its fractions, were determined.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Anatomical, powder microscopical studies were carried out according to the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Hydroalcoholic extract was subjected to fractionation with different solvents, performed phytochemical studies for all fractions, and screened for DPPH (diphenyl picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and reducing power capacity.

RESULTS:

The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in all the fractions. The total phenolic content of hydroalcoholic/mother extract and all fractions was ranged from 20 to 40 mg GAE/g. The flavonoid content of mother extract and all fractions was measured; values ranged from 16 to 30 mg RE/g. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was demonstrated by ethyl acetate fraction (IC50-60 µg/mL), followed by butanol fraction (IC50-95 µg/mL). The reducing powers of all the extracts were comparable with those of positive control butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT).

CONCLUSION:

The high content of phenolic compounds indicated that these compounds are responsible for antioxidant activity. Therefore, ethyl acetate fraction of A. indicum leaves can be considered as a promising candidate for natural plant sources of antioxidants.
Survival of tooth-implant connections: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Taneja Sukrit , Khalikar Arun , Wankhade Sattyam , Deogade Suryakant , Uchale Pooja , Lalsare Samiksha
Published: October 2023

Implant-supported prostheses have considerable biomechanical advantages in partially edentulous patients when compared to other prosthetic options. Given the steady drop in the frequency of patients reporting with complete edentulism, it is not unusual to see situations where teeth and implants can be splinted to provide support for fixed prostheses. A tooth implant prosthesis differs majorly from an implant-supported prosthesis in terms of force dissipation and design. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the survival rates of tooth-implant-supported prostheses with fully implant-supported and fully tooth-supported prostheses. Using the appropriate search terms, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other indexed journals were used to search the English-language literature. According to the review protocols and the PICOS inclusion criteria, the pertinent studies were chosen. The screening of appropriate studies, evaluation of study quality, and data extraction were carried out independently by two reviewers. The pooling of survival data by prostheses failure, implant failure, and marginal bone loss was used in the meta-analysis. The cumulative data of all included studies indicated that tooth-implant-supported prostheses showed a 5-year survival rate of 77%–84% and a 10-year survival rate of 72%. The pooled risk ratio for prostheses failure and implant failure was 0.99 and 1.76, respectively. These results were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The pooled standard mean difference for marginal bone loss was 0.59, and the results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A tooth-implant-supported fixed partial denture (FPD) has a similar survival rate when compared to implant-supported FPD or T-FPD.
Category $\mathcal {O}$ for truncated current Lie algebras
Authors: Chaffe Matthew , Topley Lewis
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we study an analogue of the Bernstein–Gelfand–Gelfand category${\mathcal {O}}$for truncated current Lie algebras$\mathfrak {g}_n$attached to a complex semisimple Lie algebra. This category admits Verma modules and simple modules, each parametrized by the dual space of the truncated currents on a choice of Cartan subalgebra in$\mathfrak {g}$. Our main result describes an inductive procedure for computing composition multiplicities of simples inside Vermas for$\mathfrak {g}_n$, in terms of similar composition multiplicities for${\mathfrak {l}}_{n-1}$where${\mathfrak {l}}$is a Levi subalgebra. As a consequence, these numbers are expressed as integral linear combinations of Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomials evaluated at 1. This generalizes recent work of the first author, where the case$n=1$was treated.
La Fábula de Mercurio y Herse. Suntuosa tapicería de la Casa Ducal de Lerma-Medinaceli. Notas en homenaje a Nello Forti Grazzini.
Authors: Herrero Concha
Published: October 2023

Este artículo, base de la conferencia pronunciada en la International Conference in memory of Nello Forti Grazzini (Academia Belgica, Roma, 25-26 October 2022), ofrece una síntesis de las últimas investigaciones sobre la Fábula de Mercurio de la colección ducal Lerma-Medinaceli. La colaboración de Nello Forti Grazzini en la exposición Los amores de Mercurio y Herse. Una rica tapicería de Willem de Pannemaker, celebrada en 2010 en el Museo Nacional del Prado, permitió avanzar en el conocimiento de la génesis de creación de los ocho tapices, que integran esta suntuosa tapicería, tejida en Bruselas por Willem de Pannemaker en 1570.
Nello Forti Grazzini as Tapestry Scholar
Authors: Delmarcel Guy
Published: October 2023

***
Neurofilaments as a biomarker of spinal muscular atrophy: review
Authors: Fisenko Daria A. , Kuzenkova Lyudmila M. , Kurenkov Alexey L. , Uvakina Eugeniya V. , Popovich Sophia G.
Published: October 2023

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive, disabling neuromuscular disease characterized by the death of motor neurons in the spinal cord, giving rise in the development both of muscle weakness and, subsequently, flaccid tetraparesis, swallowing and breathing disorders. There are 4 types of SMA, depending on the age of manifestation, the most severe is type I (not counting type 0 — prenatal type).
Modern diagnosis of SMA includes a molecular genetic study looking for mutations in the SMN1 gene and determining the copy number of the SMN2 gene. Instrumental and biochemical methods for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy for spinal muscular atrophy are currently under study. Neurofilament proteins have been investigated as potential biomarkers for several diseases characterized by axonal damage and degeneration. In clinical studies, there are isolated data on the use of blood neurofilaments as markers of SMA. This review considers the literature data of foreign authors and clinical studies of neurofilaments as perspective biomarkers of SMA, both heavy and light chains.
SCN8A epileptic encephalopathy: literature review and own observation
Authors: Nikolenko Dar`ya S. , Zholudova Agata A. , Globa Oksana V. , Kuzenkova Lyudmila M. , Savostyanov Kirill V. , Buksh Aleksandr A.
Published: October 2023

A genetic disease caused by pathogenetic nucleotide variants in the SCN8A gene (Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha, also known as Nav1.6), encoding the α-subunit of the Na channel type 8, is included in the group of early epileptic encephalopathies. In most cases, this pathology is characterized by the development of polymorphic pharmacoresistant epileptic seizures over the first year of a child’s life, a lag in psychomotor development or regression, loss of skills. In some patients, seizures may appear during the first days of life, while in others they appear later (at the age of 2 to 7 months), against the background of a pronounced or slight developmental delay. Types of seizures may include generalized, tonic-clonic seizures, infantile spasms, absences and focal seizures. Other signs and symptoms of encephalopathy caused by mutations of the SCN8A gene may include low muscle tone (hypotension), high pain threshold, motor disorders (such as dystonia and ataxia), mild to severe mental retardation, sleep problems and autistic traits. In some people with SCN8A encephalopathy, various other pathological changes in the body have been reported, including hearing or vision impairment, scoliosis, and thermoregulation difficulties. The disease is inherited by an autosomal dominant type.
To date, the disease in the OMIM system is referred to as «Developmental encephalopathy and epileptic encephalopathy type 13». Previously, the disease was called «Early infantile (infantile) epileptic encephalopathy, type 13». The serial number «13» indicates this form of early epileptic encephalopathy to be caused by a heterozygous mutation in the gene on the long arm of chromosome 12 in chromosome region 12q13.13.
This report also presents a clinical description of a patient suffering from early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, type 13.
PELATIHAN SOFTWARE AKUNTANSI ACCURATE DALAM MENGHADAPI DUNIA KERJA DI SMA SWASTA WIYATA DHARMA MEDAN
Authors:   Universitas Mikroskil, Sulia Sulia , Mie Mie , Situmorang Iskandar Muda
Published: October 2023

At present, this type of business cannot be separated from calculations in financial terms, both related to capital, profits and losses. Both small, medium and large scale businesses must be related to financial and accounting issues in their management. Along with technological developments, the use of accounting software can help companies so that they can minimize errors and company productivity in terms of efficiency. But unfortunately not many schools have introduced or implemented learning about this accounting software into their curriculum, especially in high school (SMA). Accurate software is accounting software that helps to record books and makes it easier to manage financial data with the right level of accuracy in calculations. Wiyata Dharma Private High School is an educational institution with a high school level which, in carrying out its activities under the auspices of the Ministry of Education and Culture, currently has not introduced or applied knowledge regarding the use of accounting software, namely the Accurate application. So the purpose of this Community Service Activity is to provide training to students in the introduction and use of digital-based accounting applications for the process of recording business activities in the business world and increase the abilities and skills of Wiyata Dharma Medan Private High School students so they can compete in the world job after graduating from school. This training is carried out directly by applying the use of accurate applications with case studies provided by the service team. Based on the results of the answers to the training participants' questionnaires, it can be seen that there is an increased understanding of the use of accurate applications before and after training. So it can be concluded that the Training on the Use of Digital Accounting Applications (accurate applications) was successful.
EDUKASI MEMBUKA KESUKSESAN PERAN PROFESIONALISME DAN ETIKA DALAM BEKERJA
Authors:   Akademi Teknologi Industri Dewantara Palopo, Hamdani Ibnu Mansyur , Bustamin Syamsumar
Published: October 2023

Providing education regarding the role of professionalism and ethics in achieving career success, especially for students. Professionalism and ethics play a crucial role in preparing students to enter the world of work successfully. Professionalism is defined as attitudes, behaviors and skills that reflect competence, responsibility, integrity and cooperation in the work environment. Meanwhile, ethics refers to the moral principles that govern behavior and interactions in the workplace. Important aspects of professionalism and ethics at work. First, professionalism involves maintaining integrity by demonstrating honesty, consistency, and respecting the professional code of ethics. Second, responsibility is a key factor in career success, including respecting deadlines, respecting obligations to work, clients, or teams. Third, cooperation is an important skill in achieving career success, including the ability to work in teams, listen, and communicate well. Several ethical aspects at work, respecting privacy and confidentiality, avoiding conflicts of interest, complying with laws and regulations, avoiding discriminatory behavior, and providing high quality services are ethical principles that need attention. By understanding the role of professionalism and ethics in work, students will be able to prepare themselves well to face challenges and achieve their career goals. By adopting good professional and ethical attitudes, they can build a good reputation, earn the trust of others, and expand their professional network.
PELESTARIAN BAHASA DAERAH BALI DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors:   Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Simamora Nurlaidy Joice
Published: October 2023

Globalization able to make the language of region extinct, it is because nowadays every people expecially youth generation more comfortable using English language than local language. Youth generation think local language is considered lacking. Language shift also supported by social media. That is way government and every people need cooperation in preserving the language of the region. Like using local language as a subject in every school, using local language on the public street billboard or any airport in the major cities. Or also duplicating the flogger or youtuber to preserve the language of the region, because today is social media time. Ths research focuses on the area of Bali, where Bali is a tourist area. It is very strong for the preservation of the language region.
SISTEM INFORMASI INDUKSI GURU PEMULA BERBASIS WEB Studi Kasus Yayasan Al-Musabbihin
Authors:   Universitas Potensi Utama, Alfina Ommi , Ummi Khairul , Syahputri Nita , Astuti Ermayanti , Ikorasaki Frans
Published: October 2023

The Beginner Teacher Induction Program is an introductory activity at a particular school/foundation, the training covers all teaching and learning activities and an introduction to the structure of the organization that exists in that institution, both the school and the foundation. The concept of work/method of work of the induction teacher includes 3 actors, namely the novice teacher as the object, the accompanying teacher as the provider of material directions and assignments to the novice teacher, and the Educational Institution as the control/validation of the results of learning/introduction to novice teachers. This research was built by applying a web base with the use of online media. The results of this study are in the form of a web-based application that can be used as an information tool to prepare novice teachers to become professional teachers in carrying out the learning process and as a reference in getting to know organizational schemes in a related agency.
TRANSFORMASI PUBLIKASI STMKG DIGITAL: PENINGKATKAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA UNGGUL DAN PERCEPATAN AKREDITASI INSTITUSI
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Sinambela Marzuki , Hidayat Nur , Adi Suko Prayitno , Sulistya Widada , Sudarisman Maman , Riama Nelly Florida
Published: October 2023

Improving excellent human resources is an initiative that aims to develop and strengthen individual and collective potential within the BMKG (Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency) organization to make it a leading global player in the fields of meteorology, climatology, geophysics and instrumentation. Excellent human resources in higher education institutions have the potential to conduct quality research and produce quality scientific publications. In this action of change, the integration of the STMKG Digital publication service program, both updating the E-Journal and building the STMKG PRESS publishing media as a single digital-based and indexed account, has been successfully carried out and is the key to the realization of a comprehensive publication information system. The integration of publication services is aimed at improving efficiency and effectiveness in both indexing and digital documents. This transformation will encourage teams involved in this change action plan to collaborate more, effective communication, and writing literacy. The results of this change action are expected to be useful for STMKG's internal interests, namely to facilitate the accreditation preparation process, academic data collection, and the accreditation assessment simulation process. The benefits for BMKG are the implementation of the BMKG 2022-2024 strategic plan and the improvement of superior human resources towards 500 Doctorates and BMKG Global Player.
EFFECT OF NP DOSES BY NEW CaCO3 AGROFUNDS ON THE FORMATION OF SOYBEAN YIELDS
Authors: Popescu Diana Maria , Badea Oana Daniela , Ionescu Nicolae , Nicolae Cristina Mariana
Published: October 2023

For the acid soils in the south of the country, it is more than necessary to apply calcareous amendments. Results in this sense were obtained over the years at the main crop plants in the station area. Considering the increasing importance of the soybean crop, it was considered necessary to resume these types of research, as new products based on limestone and dolomite appeared. Significant results were obtained by forming the total biomass of the plant as well as its components. In the case of the Cristina TD (00) variety, the interaction between several CaCOɜ formulations and NP fertilizers contributed as follows: plant biomass 6.46 t/ha (100%), pod biomass 4.16 t/ha (63%), and grains were 2.17 (33%). Of the two analyzed factors, NP fertilizer had the most important contribution to this variety, followed by the influence of the four CaCOɜ formulations. The interaction between the two factors was always negative demonstrating that there was some competition between the cations. The obtained correlations were in all cases positive, but of different intensities. Through the obtained results, it is recommended that new formulations of CaCOɜ be permanently used in the soybean cultivation technology on acid soils.
Revitalisasi Kinerja Badan Pengawasan Desa (BPD) Dalam Pengawasan Pemerintahan Desa Lingkis
Authors: Yamin Alex Muhammad , Minako Muchlis
Published: October 2023

This research is to find out the duties and performance of the BPD towards the Lingkis village government. With this research, it is hoped that the community can know clearly, know what the village supervisory agency is doing in the village scope and what it can do for the village government. research methoda This research is entitled the role of BPD in the government of Lingkis village, Jejawi sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir district. In this study using in-depth qualitative research methods, following the process carried out by the research itself, may not be represented or ordered by others to collect data. This research uses descriptive qualitative. Through a descriptive approach, in this study the researcher will make a description, description , or painting systematically, factually, accurately regarding the facts and the relationships between the phenomena found. This, of course, was obtained from the results of data collection by the researcher and some of the findings in the field that were taken by the researcher, thus these matters influence decision making and must be considered carefully and thoroughly so that there are no errors on the part of the researcher. The conclusion is based on the data obtained in the field that there was an error in the data and a lack of communication between the BPD and the Lingkis village government and then from the results of a meeting between residents and the government and the meeting was facilitated at the PMD office in OKI district with the meeting discussing and with satisfactory results for lingkis villagers.