bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of future microalbuminuria in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Egypt
Authors: El Habashy Safinaz , Adly Amira , Kader Mohamed , Ali Sherine
Published: January 2020

Introduction

The present study was designed to assess the validity and efficacy of urinary markers (NAG, RBP, transferrin, α1-microglobulin, and plasma homocysteine) as early predictors of microalbuminuria in diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes, and its relation with haemoglobin glycated (HbA1c), serum lipid profile, and blood pressure.

Material and methods

This study is a follow-up study to the 2002 study by Salem et al. The present study included 35 type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children and adolescents recruited from regular attendees of the specialised Diabetology Clinic, Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University, with previously measured urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (13) or homocysteine (11) or transferrin (28) or α1-microglobulin (27) or retinol binding protein (13) as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy in T1DM. Thirty-five patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were enrolled, and 24 patients were normoalbuminuric at baseline. The patients were tested for markers other than urinary microalbumin, to predict diabetic nephropathy and early renal impairment in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Results

Regarding the metabolic control between the studied groups, we found that there is significant difference in HbA1c between the microalbuminuric patients and the normoalbuminuric patients. According to the number of positive markers of diabetic nephropathy, the only parameter that was higher in patients with more than one elevated marker was mean systolic blood pressure. Although mean diabetic blood pressure was higher, it was not statistically significant. Regarding to the predictability of urinary markers, urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase is the most predictable marker with high sensitivity and specificity. The least sensitivity noticed was urinary RBP and the least specificity noticed was urinary α1-microglobulin.

Conclusions

Regarding the predictability of urinary markers, urinary NAG is the most predictable marker with both high sensitivity and specificity, with a sensitivity of 60%, specificity 75%, positive predictive value 60%, negative predictive value 75%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 0.58%. Urinary RBP is another marker with low sensitivity but high specificity. Urinary α1-microglobulin is a valid marker with high sensitivity but low specificity. Contrary to previous markers, plasma homocysteine has high specificity but low sensitivity.
MiR-29b-3p affects growth and biological functions of human extravillous trophoblast cells by regulating bradykinin B2 receptor
Authors: Wang Likui , Li Yunguang
Published: January 2020

Introduction

This study investigated miR-29b-3p’s effects and mechanisms in preeclampsia development.

Material and methods

In this study, we analysed the pathology and expression of miR-29b-3p and B2R mRNA from normal and preeclampsia placenta tissues using hematoxylin and eosin staining and RT-qPCR assay. For cell experiments, we used transwell assay CCK-8, flow cytometry and wound healing assay to determine the effects and correlation of miR-29b-3p and B2R in HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, cell invasion and migration in a preeclampsia cell model. Moreover, the mechanisms were determined using Western blot or immunofluorescence in different groups.

Results

Clinical analysis revealed that miR-29b-3p gene expression dramatically increased with increasing degree of preeclampsia (p < 0.001 or p < 0.05, respectively). The HTR-8/SVneo cell biological activities of the model group were significantly depressed (p < 0.001). However, with miR-29b-3p inhibitor or B2R transfection, the HTR-8/SVneo cell biological activities significantly recovered (p < 0.001). Western blot assay showed that B2R, VEGF-A, CCND-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were suppressed in the model group, compared with those in the NC groups (p < 0.001, respectively). With miR-29b-3p inhibitor or B2R transfection, the protein expression levels of B2R, VEGF-A, CCND-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 dramatically increased (p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

The down-regulation of miR-29b-3p could improve HTR-8/SVneo cell biological activities in a preeclampsia cell model by targeting B2R.
The role of personality and love style in marital satisfaction: Does similarity matter?
Authors: Odilavadze Mariam , Panjikidze Mariam , Martskvishvili Khatuna , Mestvirishvili Maia , Kvitsiani Mariam
Published: January 2020

Background

Scientific study of marital satisfaction attracted widespread attention decades ago. Since then, hundreds of studies have been conducted on determinants of marital satisfaction. The present study attempted to extend previous research on marital life by discussing two important correlates of marital satisfaction: personality traits and love styles. By emphasizing the similarity of personality traits and attitudes toward love in dyads, the study seeks the possible influential constituents for marital outcomes.

Participants and procedure

Eighty-seven (N = 174) married heterosexual couples recruited through a convenience sampling procedure participated in the study. They completed the following questionnaires: the HEXACO Personality Inventory, Love Attitudes Scale, and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS).

Results

Husbands’ honesty/humility level was positively correlated with their own and wives’ marital satisfaction. Spouses were similar in some love styles. The discrepancy in their attitudes toward love may have negative as well as positive outcomes, depending on whether we consider husbands’ or wives’ marital satisfaction. Personality traits and love styles discrepancy scores predicted participants’ marital satisfaction.

Conclusions

Personality traits and love styles play a significant role in marital satisfaction for both women and men. Marital satisfaction has somewhat different correlates in the case of wives and husbands. Having a different personali-ty or love styles also has different associations with the marital satisfaction of spouses.
Why we put on the sorting hat: motivations to take fan personality tests
Authors: Proudfoot Steven , Plante Courtney , Reysen Stephen
Published: January 2020

Background

There is little reason to believe that fan-related personality tests, which tell fans what type of person they are based on their fa-vorite fan content, are valid or reliable. Nevertheless, fan-related personality tests remain incredibly popular online.

Participants and procedure

Building upon existing fan research, the present study tests whether fans may have other motivations for taking such personality tests, drawing upon prior research by Wann. Self-identified fans (N = 425, Mage = 26.41, SD = 8.44) completed measures re-garding degree of identification with their fan interest, motivations to take fan quizzes, and frequency of taking fan personality quizzes.

Results

Highly-identified fans were found to more frequently take fan-related personality tests, an association significantly mediated by both self-esteem and escapism motivations, but not mediated by eustress, entertainment, belongingness, or family motivations.

Conclusions

The results suggest that highly identified fans participate in more fan personality quizzes to escape from the hassles of everyday life and increase positive self-worth. These results are discussed with respect to their theoretical relevance – both for research on personality testing and on fan activities – as well as for their practical implications.
Clinical features and outcome of mixed connective tissue disease in developmental age – observational study from one center
Authors: Rutkowska-Sak Lidia , Gietka Piotr
Published: January 2020

Objectives

Mixed connective tissue disease is a rare systemic connective tissue disease of developmental age and it includes the features of arthritis, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, with presence of anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies (anti-RNP) in serum. Early diagnosis of the disease is difficult but essential in preventing development of systemic complications, which are often irreversible. International literature does not report many studies on large cohorts of children with this disease. The aim of this retrospective study was to define clinical characteristics and long-term results of treatment of the disease in 60 children with mixed connective tissue disease hospitalized in the period between 1978 and 2018. The diagnosis was established on the basis of Kasukawa’s criteria.

Material and methods

It was a group of 60 children (46 girls and 16 boys) aged 10.5 on average (4–16.5). When assessing general symptoms at the onset of the disease according to Kasukawa’s criteria, the highest number, over 80% of children, demonstrated symptoms suggesting SLE, about 40% suggesting DM and about 25% suggesting SSC. In the period of observation the number of children with clinical symptoms suggesting SSC increased. The most common clinical symptoms included Raynaud syndrome, arthritis and myositis and the most common irregularities in the test results included presence of anti-RNP antibodies and rheumatoid factor and hematological symptoms such as leukopenia/thrombocytopenia. Restrictive lung function impairment was demonstrated by 20% of children. Treatment most often included combined therapy (glucocorticosteroids + methotrexate/azathioprine).

Results

In 70% of the patients stable improvement was observed. Remission concerned 7% of the patients, frequent exacerbations were found in almost 20% of patients, and 2 children (3.5%) died.

Conclusions

The long term observations of patients in developementeal age with mixed connective tissue disease revealed that the majority of them had domination of SLE symptoms, only in 7% achieved remission and 70% remained in stable improvement. Serious infections with septic state were the cause of death in two cases.
Acute Achilles tendon rupture after levofloxacin in a patient with giant cell arteritis
Authors: Stasiek Małgorzata , Głuszko Piotr
Published: January 2020

The authors report a case of a 67-year-old woman with giant cell arteritis with acute Achilles tendon rupture, which occurred after 3 days of levofloxacin therapy introduced because of newly diagnosed erosive gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The Achilles tendon rupture was surgically treated and the patient made a complete recovery. In view of the widespread use of levofloxacin in practice, this case report raises important clinical implications. Tendinopathies are a known complication, quite rare in the healthy population, but the risk of rupture significantly increases in the population of patients over 60 years of age, with chronic usage of glucocorticosteroids, impaired renal function and recipients of organ transplants. What needs underlining, there are also described differences between individual fluoroquinolones as a cause of tendon damage in this group.

Considering the widespread use of this group of drugs in patients, knowledge about the risk of adverse events including tendinopathy promotes safe use of fluoroquinolones.
Monogenic autoinflammatory diseases in adults – a challenge to rheumatologic practice at the onset of the Polish national programme of interleukin 1 inhibitor treatment
Authors: Milchert Marcin , Makowska Joanna , Brzezińska Olga , Brzosko Marek , Więsik-Szewczyk Ewa
Published: January 2020

Monogenic autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs, formerly known as hereditary periodic fever syndromes) cover a spectrum of diseases which lead to chronic or recurrent inflammation caused by activation of the innate immune system. The most common monogenic AID is familial Mediterranean fever. Monogenic autoinflammatory diseases are generally considered intracellular signalling defects. Some stereotypical knowledge may be misleading; e.g. monogenic AIDs are not exclusively found in children, family history is often negative, fever frequently is not a leading manifestation and frequency of attacks in adults is usually variable. Lack of genetic confirmation should not stop anti-inflammatory ex juvantibus therapy. The pattern of tissue injury in AIDs is basically different from that observed in autoimmunity. There is no autoaggression against organ-specific antigens, but substantial damage (amyloidosis, cachexia, premature cardiovascular disease) is secondary to long-lasting inflammation.

The Polish national programme of anti-interleukin 1 treatment opens new possibilities for the treatment. However, monogenic AIDs are frequently misdiagnosed and more awareness is needed.
Tropospheric ozone radiative forcing uncertainty due to pre-industrial fire and biogenic emissions
Authors: Rowlinson Matthew J. , Rap Alexandru , Hamilton Douglas S. , Pope Richard J. , Hantson Stijn , Arnold Stephen R. , Kaplan Jed O. , Arneth Almut , Chipperfield Martyn P. , Forster Piers M. , Nieradzik Lars
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone concentrations are sensitive to natural emissions of precursor compounds. In contrast to existing assumptions, recent evidence indicates that terrestrial vegetation emissions in the pre-industrial were larger than in the present-day. We use a chemical transport model and a radiative transfer model to show that revised inventories of pre-industrial fire and biogenic emissions lead to an increase in simulated pre-industrial ozone concentrations, decreasing the estimated pre-industrial to present-day tropospheric ozone radiative forcing of up to 34 % (0.38 W m-2 to 0.25 W m-2). We find that this change is sensitive to employing biomass burning and biogenic emissions inventories based on matching vegetation patterns, as co-location of emission sources enhances the effect on ozone formation. Our forcing estimates are at the lower end of existing uncertainty range estimates (0.2–0.6 W m-22), without accounting for other sources of uncertainty. Thus, future work should focus on reassessing the uncertainty range of tropospheric ozone radiative forcing.
Stream temperature and discharge evolution in Switzerland over the last 50 years: annual and seasonal behaviour
Authors: Michel Adrien , Brauchli Tristan , Lehning Michael , Schaefli Bettina , Huwald Hendrik
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Stream temperature and discharge are key hydrological variables for ecosystem and water resource management and are particularly sensitive to climate warming. Despite the wealth of meteorological and hydrological data, few studies have quantified observed stream temperature trends in the Alps. This study presents a detailed analysis of stream temperature and discharge in 52 catchments in Switzerland, a country covering a wide range of alpine and lowland hydrological regimes. The influence of discharge, precipitation, air temperature, and upstream lakes on stream temperatures and their temporal trends is analysed from multi-decadal to seasonal timescales. Stream temperature has significantly increased over the past 5 decades, with positive trends for all four seasons. The mean trends for the last 20 years are +0.37±0.11 ∘C per decade for water temperature, resulting from the joint effects of trends in air temperature (+0.39±0.14 ∘C per decade), discharge (-10.1±4.6 % per decade), and precipitation (-9.3±3.4 % per decade). For a longer time period (1979–2018), the trends are +0.33±0.03 ∘C per decade for water temperature, +0.46±0.03°C per decade for air temperature, -3.0±0.5 % per decade for discharge, and -1.3±0.5 % per decade for precipitation. Furthermore, we show that snow and glacier melt compensates for air temperature warming trends in a transient way in alpine streams. Lakes, on the contrary, have a strengthening effect on downstream water temperature trends at all elevations. Moreover, the identified stream temperature trends are shown to have critical impacts on ecological and economical temperature thresholds (the spread of fish diseases and the usage of water for industrial cooling), especially in lowland rivers, suggesting that these waterways are becoming more vulnerable to the increasing air temperature forcing. Resilient alpine rivers are expected to become more vulnerable to warming in the near future due to the expected reductions in snow- and glacier-melt inputs. A detailed mathematical framework along with the necessary source code are provided with this paper.
From research to applications – Examples of operational ensemble post-processing in France using machine learning
Authors: Taillardat Maxime , Mestre Olivier
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Statistical post-processing of ensemble forecasts, from simple linear regressions to more sophisticated techniques, is now a well-known procedure in order to correct biased and misdispersed ensemble weather predictions. However, practical applications in National Weather Services is still in its infancy compared to deterministic post-processing. This paper presents two different applications of ensemble post-processing using machine learning at an industrial scale. The first is a station-based post-processing of surface temperature in a medium resolution ensemble system. The second is a gridded post-processing of hourly rainfall amounts in a high resolution ensemble prediction system. The techniques used rely on quantile regression forests (QRF) and ensemble copula coupling (ECC), chosen for their robustness and simplicity of training whatever the variable subject to calibration. Moreover, some variants of classical techniques used such as QRF or ECC have been developed in order to adjust to operational constraints. A forecast anomaly-based QRF is used for temperature for a better prediction of cold and heat waves. A variant of ECC for hourly rainfall is built, accounting for more realistic longer rainfall accumulations. It is shown that forecast quality as well as forecast value is improved compared to the raw ensemble. At last, comments about model size and computation time are made.
Micromechanical modeling of snow failure
Authors: Bobillier Grégoire , Bergfeld Bastian , Capelli Achille , Dual Jürg , Gaume Johan , van Herwijnen Alec , Schweizer Jürg
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Dry-snow slab avalanches start with the formation of a
local failure in a highly porous weak layer underlying a cohesive snow slab.
If followed by rapid crack propagation within the weak layer and finally a
tensile fracture through the slab, a slab avalanche releases. While
the basic concepts of avalanche release are relatively well understood,
performing fracture experiments in the laboratory or in the field can be
difficult due to the fragile nature of weak snow layers. Numerical
simulations are a valuable tool for the study of micromechanical processes
that lead to failure in snow. We used a three-dimensional discrete element
method (3-D DEM) to simulate and analyze failure processes in snow. Cohesive
and cohesionless ballistic deposition allowed us to reproduce porous weak
layers and dense cohesive snow slabs, respectively. To analyze the
micromechanical behavior at the scale of the snowpack (∼1 m), the particle size was chosen as a compromise between low computational
costs and detailed representation of important micromechanical processes.
The 3-D-DEM snow model allowed reproduction of the macroscopic behavior observed
during compression and mixed-mode loading of dry-snow slab and the weak snow
layer. To be able to reproduce the range of snow behavior (elastic modulus,
strength), relations between DEM particle and contact parameters and macroscopic
behavior were established. Numerical load-controlled failure experiments
were performed on small samples and compared to results from load-controlled
laboratory tests. Overall, our results show that the discrete element method
allows us to realistically simulate snow failure processes. Furthermore, the
presented snow model seems appropriate for comprehensively studying how the
mechanical properties of the slab and weak layer influence crack propagation
preceding avalanche release.
O uso de jogos por professores de Geografia na Educação Básica
Authors: Oliveira Tais Pires de , Lopes Claudivan Sanches
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa cujo objetivo foi discutir, no contexto das didáticas específicas, a utilização de jogos como recurso didático por professores de Geografia no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A metodologia adotada para a realização do trabalho privilegiou os aspectos qualitativos, sem desconsiderar os dados quantitativos, embasando-se em aportes teóricos que discutem a temática contemplada. Para atingir o objetivo, a coleta de dados foi desenvolvida junto aos professores de Geografia do Núcleo Regional de Educação de Maringá – NRE/SEED - Paraná e realizada em dois momentos: o primeiro a aplicação de questionários e o segundo a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Essas informações foram tabuladas e analisadas considerando a metodologia da análise de conteúdo e da bibliografia estudada. As discussões ora abordadas revelam que o emprego dos jogos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Geografia é recorrente e leva a refletir se os materiais empregados, tipologias e finalidades, possibilitam que o aluno desenvolva e exercite significativamente modos de pensar próprios da ciência geográfica.
Palavras-chave: Didática da Geografia; Ensino de Geografia; Jogos geográficos.
A A deriva e a psicogeografia e suas possibilidades para os trabalhos de campo em Geografia Urbana
Authors: Gonçalves Glauco Roberto
Published: January 2020

Deriva e psicogeografia são propostas prático-teóricas elaboradas pela Internacional Situacionista com o intuito de desvendar criticamente o cotidiano atrelado ao processo de urbanização. Este artigo oferece um percurso constitutivo destas propostas ao longo da história da Internacional Situacionista e tenta estabelecer as relações e razões pelas quais a deriva e a psicogeografia constituem ferramentas de grande valia para os trabalhos de campo em Geografia Urbana.

Palavras-chave: psicogeografia; deriva; Internacional Situacionista; trabalho de campo em Geografia Urbana; urbano e vida cotidiana.
FILMES HISTÓRICOS E GÊNERO: ENTRE VEROSSIMILHANÇA E CARNAVALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Carneiro Maristela , Gonçalves Vilson André Moreira
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho propõe discutir as construções do conhecimento histórico e das relações de gênero em quatro filmes históricos brasileiros, tendo como recorte contextual o caso da colonização portuguesa: Xica da Silva (Carlos Diegues, 1976), Carlota Joaquina, Princesa do Brazil (Carla Camurati, 1994), Caramuru, A Invenção do Brasil (Guel Arraes, 2001) e Desmundo (Alain Fresnot, 2003). Ao escolher filmes, entendemos que, no uso público de balizas históricas específicas, encontram-se tensões entre a cultura e as referências dos grupos envolvidos e dos padrões de consumo próprios a um objeto da cultura de massa. Esses fatores dão a conhecer a experiência de um passado, mas também estruturam uma narrativa que dá sentido às experiências de vida. Mesmo que o filme retrate certo passado histórico, pode dialogar com as relações de gênero na contemporaneidade. Essas narrativas são como teias de significados, os quais são constantemente relembrados, modificados e trabalhados, o que mantém sua natureza dinâmica e aberta. Isso significa que a prática de construir narrativas históricas se configura num espaço central da própria experiência de vida humana, uma vez que este sentido possível de orientação temporal constrói uma espécie de conexão com os diferentes entendimentos do passado e nossas identidades atuais. A escolha pelos filmes sobre a colonização portuguesa enxerga neste suporte narrativo um espaço de produção de sentido histórico e de referência cultural, um espaço em que o olhar histórico de uma sociedade pode ser analisado de maneira mais ampla.
ABOLIÇÃO, PODER E LIBERDADE NO NORTE DE GOYAZ: O CASO DE FAUSTINO PEREIRA E JOAQUIM AYRES.
Authors: Nunes Radamés Vieira
Published: January 2020

Ao longo de toda década de 1880 nas páginas impressas, nas ruas, nos trieiros, clubes e outros ambientes a abolição da escravidão ocupava significativo espaço nas mentes goianas, principalmente em relação às incertezas quanto aos desdobramentos que causaria. Na cidade de Porto Imperial, Joaquim Ayres da Silva, proprietário de escravos, acompanhou de perto as conversas atento aos muitos posicionamentos sobre a questão. Nesse trabalho a proposta é perscrutar a trama entre poder e liberdade que envolveu Joaquim Ayres e um negro chamado Faustino Pereira de Oliveira, bem como seus desdobramentos atuais na cidade portuense. O episódio, que ainda suscita ecos, foi acompanhado pelos principais jornais goianos se tornando um símbolo do jogo de forças travado entre a população goiana sobre como as ideias abolicionistas se assentariam em Goiás.
APRENDIZAGEM HISTÓRICA: MEMÓRIA, CULTURA E SENSIBILIDADES NO OLHAR DE UMA HISTORIADORA NO MUSEU
Authors: Matos Julia Silveira
Published: January 2020

No presente texto, almejo discutir para além desses que envolvem os processos e cenários de ensino-aprendizagem contemporâneos, sem, no entanto, perder-los de foco. Nossa proposta visa explorar o ensino, as aprendizagens, a memória e o regime de tempo através da perspectiva da experiência da própria autora no espaço museológico. Sem desfocar no debate do papel que as experiências com o passado tem nas aprendizagens significativas, no presente texto bucamos extrapolar o debate do ensino de História formal. Entretanto, antes que se possa pensar nos possíveis debates sobre o Museu e seus acervos enquanto conjuntos de objetos patrimonializados, já alerto que não visamos uma abordagem pela Educação Patrimonial, pois o foco será pensar dois Museus especificamente enquanto exemplos de espaços de aprendizagem histórica a partir de uma abordagem da História das sensibilidades.
E. P. Thompson, a New Left e a dialética da liberdade/necessidade histórica
Authors: Vasconcelos Eduardo Henrique Barbosa de , Franklin Ruben Maciel
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as inquietações que atravessaram o pensamento o historiador inglês Edward Palmer Thopson, abrindo um diálogo bibliográfico com autores que nos possibilitem debater como determinados temas foram trabalhados e discutidos por E. P. Thompson. Nesse sentido, os temas: determinação social, cultura & antropologia, “elitismo intelectual” e questões pertinentes ao materialismo histórico marxiano. No entrecruzamento dessa gama de preocupações, circunscrevemos a coerência interna da obra “thompsoniana” num intervalo grande de tempo (entre os textos da The New Reasoner os da década de 1970), com frentes de contestação que transitaram do stalinismo para o estruturalismo, assumindo posições consistentes quanto a pesquisa histórica e aos procedimentos do historiador.
The incremental processing of focus, givenness and prosodic prominence
Authors: Baumann Stefan , Schumacher Petra B.
Published: January 2020

This study on German investigates the real-time comprehension of items in First Occurrence Focus (focused and new), Second Occurrence Focus (focused and given), Quasi Second Occurrence Focus (derogatory expressions that are referentially given and lexically new) and Background (non-focused and given), which are marked by different levels of prosodic prominence. While previous electrophysiological research tested mismatches between prosody and information structure, the present study assessed contextually licensed, appropriate prosodic realizations of stimuli. Our EEG experiment revealed distinct topographic profiles for information structure and prosody. As to prosody, we found a biphasic pattern over anterior brain regions for (secondarily prominent) phrase accents (marking Second Occurrence Focus) and deaccentuation (marking Background) but not for pitch accents (marking First Occurrence Focus), indicating an inverse relation between processing effort and the level of perceived prominence. The event-related potentials for Quasi Second Occurrence Focus items resembled First Occurrence Focus items although the former were deaccented. As to information structural contrasts, First Occurrence Focus engendered a pronounced negativity over posterior sites relative to Second Occurrence Focus and Background. Quasi Second Occurrence Focus showed an intermediate negativity. These differences can probably be accounted for by (lexically) new rather than focused information. In general, the data indicate that both prosodic cues and information structural categories influence the incremental processing of spoken language and that pitch accents and newness fulfill independent prominence-lending functions.
Propuesta de regeneración urbana del centro turístico de la costa del lago Cocibolca con el centro histórico de la ciudad de Granada, Nicaragua
Authors: Pares Maria Isabel , Portocarrero Ingrid
Published: January 2020

El proceso de metabolismo que sufren las ciudades como consecuencia de sus propias dinámicas, lleva a que estas sufran transformaciones, llegando en algunas ocasiones al deterioro y la pérdida de identidad. A finales del siglo XX la Regeneración Urbana se convirtió en una herramienta para las transformaciones y desarrollo de las ciudades, debido a su visión de invertir los procesos de deterioro a través de un enfoque participativo donde se contemplan los aspectos legales, económicos, físico espacial, social y medioambiental de una manera integral, para mejorar las condiciones de vida de los habitantes. Esta investigación consiste en la propuesta de Regeneración Urbana mediante un sistema de espacios públicos que permita integrar el centro Turístico de la costa del lago Cocibolca con el Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Granada, Nicaragua. El Centro Turístico cuenta con condiciones paisajísticas privilegiadas, por su cercanía con el gran lago Cocibolca, sin embargo no se ha podido aprovechar y se encuentra desvinculado con la ciudad, lo que significa que no está integrado al resto de la trama urbana ni del circuito turístico que se oferta, a través de la historia no se ha podido hacer la vinculación entre ciudad y lago, siendo este un importante potencial respecto al espacio público. Los espacios públicos juegan un papel importante dentro de la ciudad y la intención de esta iniciativa es poder rescatarlos mediante un proceso que permita el surgir de ideas y propuestas que se retro alimenten a favor de todos los involucrados. La propuesta resalta la importancia de los espacios públicos, así mismo como identificar las áreas de oportunidad y el sentido de pertenencia que estos deben de tener.
La conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico preindustrial
Authors: Pastrana Daniel
Published: January 2020

El proceso de satisfacción de las necesidades humanas va ligado al desarrollo de la arquitectura preindustrial. Esta arquitectura preindustrial y todos sus elementos forman una máquina arquitectónica. Sus espacios son una heterotopía maquinicista, porque contienen otros espacios dentro, dándose una duplicidad de significados. La maquinaria y el proceso productivo de la arquitectura preindustrial forman parte de esta y por lo tanto del patrimonio a conservar. En este artículo se plantean algunos criterios para la conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico preindustrial. La hipótesis es que estos criterios se pueden obtener a partir del análisis conceptual de lo que significa este patrimonio y la valoración del desarrollo de la técnica que representa. Esto se explica por medio de un análisis deductivo de los procesos históricos alrededor de estas edificaciones, mostrando los elementos de la arquitectura preindustrial como un patrimonio.
Reply to Beata Stawarska
Authors: Oksala Johanna
Published: January 2020

Reply to Stawarska's review in this issue.
O FabLab como semente da transformação democratizadora da economia de mercado
Authors: Biasoli Felipe Iraldo de Oliveira
Published: January 2020

O artigo questiona o suposto cenário fatalista para a organização das instituições, especialmente daquelas de ordem econômica. É o que Roberto Mangabeira Unger chama de ‘ditadura da falta de alternativas’. Diante deste cenário urge pensar sobre as alternativas. Discute aspectos da teoria social de Unger, ao enfatizar a noção das vanguardas produtivas e conectá-las a uma experiência produtiva prática que vem ganhando espaço mundialmente: os FabLabs e o movimento maker. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica que caracteriza os principais pontos das vanguardas produtivas, bem como da visita de campo a um FabLab no Rio de Janeiro, concluiu-se que algumas de suas particularidades, como a tolerância com o erro, a revisão das tarefas e a prática do compartilhamento coadunam-se com a noção das vanguardas, de modo a potencializar transformação democratizadora da economia de mercado.
As estratégias de manutenção dos bens materiais e simbólicos no futebol carioca do início do século XX: Bangu Athletic Club e Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama
Authors: Vasconcellos Pedro Jorge Lo Duca , Costa Andrea Lopes da , Vieira Jose Jairo
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do artigo ora apresentado é o de realizar uma investigação, a partir do arcabouço teórico elaborado por Carlos Hasenbalg, das estratégias de manutenção das desigualdades raciais e sociais no futebol carioca em seus primeiros anos. Para isto, consideraremos como marcos empíricos os casos do Bangu Athletic Club e do Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama, clubes de caráter popular, e as reações dos rivais consolidados da cidade, vinculados às elites socioeconômicas, para impedir a ascensão esportiva destes clubes. A cor e a posição social aparecem como critérios de distinção e obstáculos aos benefícios materiais e simbólicos. A tensão entre amadorismo e profissionalismo, com a ascensão do Vasco da Gama, provocaria consequências irreversíveis ao futebol da cidade.
Índice de pobreza humana municipal para Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Barbosa Francis Régis Gonçalves Mendes , Balsalobre Cristiane de Matos , Sonaglio Claudia Maria
Published: January 2020

A identificação dos fatores que causam a pobreza multidimensional é imprescindível para a obtenção de uma visão apurada dos problemas enfrentados pela sociedade decorrentes desse problema. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral foi mensurar a pobreza multidimensional e analisar a sua evolução para os municípios de Mato Grosso do Sul nos anos de 1991, 2000 e 2010. Foi criado o Índice de Pobreza Humana Municipal (IPHM) a partir das variáveis de saúde, educação e acesso a serviços básicos domiciliares. Os resultados apontam que os municípios de Japorã, Tacuru, Paranhos e Juti permanecem entre os mais pobres no período estudado. Os municípios de Campo Grande, Chapadão do Sul, São Gabriel do Oeste e Dourados permanecem entre os menos pobres. Conclui-se que houve melhoria no bem-estar social dos munícipes, como consequência de políticas públicas adotadas para o desenvolvimento e qualidade de vida da população. ABSTRACT The identification of the factors that cause the multidimensional poverty is essential for obtaining an accurate view of the problems faced by society arising from this reality. In this sense, the main objective was to measure the multidimensional poverty and to analyze its evolution for the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul in the years 1991, 2000 and 2010. The Municipal Human Poverty Index (MHPI) was created based on health, education and access to basic household services variables. The results indicate that the municipalities of Japorã, Tacuru, Paranhos and Juti remain among the poorest in the studied period. The municipalities of Campo Grande, Chapadão do Sul, São Gabriel do Oeste and Dourados remain among the poorest. It was concluded that there was an improvement in the social well-being of the counties, as consequence of public policies adopted for the development and quality of life of the population. Keywords: Multidimensional Poverty; Poverty Index; Regional Disparities.
Behavior of Five Sulfonylurea Herbicides and a Low-Dose Glyphosate on Cynodon nlemfuensis Pasture
Authors: Brighenti Alexandre M. , Benites Flávio R. G. , Sobrinho Fausto Souza , Martins Carlos E. , Rocha Wadson S. D.
Published: January 2020

African star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst) is an excellent forage for animal feed, especially in tropical and subtropical climates. However, there is little information on weed management in African star grass pastures. Two experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the response of African star grass to five herbicides of the sulfonylureas chemical group and glyphosate at a low dose. The treatments were as follows: metsulfuron-methyl (Ally®) (7.8 and 15.6 g ai ha-1 plus 0.1% v/v mineral oil); chlorimuron-ethyl (Staron®) (15.0 and 30.0 g ai ha-1 plus 0.05% v/v mineral oil); halosulfuron (Sempra ®) (112.5 and 225.0 g ai ha-1 plus 0.1% v/v surfactant); ethoxysulfuron (Gladium®) (150.0 and 300.0 g ai ha-1); nicosulfuron (Sanson®) (60.0 and 120.0 g ai ha-1); glyphosate (Roundup Original®) (360 g ae ha-1); and a control without herbicide application. The herbicides nicosulfuron (60.0 and 120.0 g ai ha-1) and glyphosate were the most phytotoxic treatments; however, none of the treatments caused the total death of African star grass plants. The herbicides metsulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, halosulfuron and ethoxysulfuron were selective and are potential products for use in African star grass pastures.
Genetic Structure and Diversity of Attalea vitrivir Populations in Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Nassau Bárbara Rayane Ramos Muniz , Mata Lorena Ramos da , Moretzsohn Márcio de Carvalho , Azevedo Vânia Cristina Rennó , Cavallari Marcelo Mattos , Brandão Murilo Malveira , Valério Henrique Maia , Fagundes Marcílio , Faria Maurício Lopes de , Araújo Walter Santos de , Pimenta Marcio Antonio Silva
Published: January 2020

The Babassu (Attalea sp.) is a native palm tree, belonging to the family Arecaceae, with a wide distribution in Brazil. The species Attalea vitrivir Zona occurs in the Northwest of Minas Gerais State and Southwest of Bahia State, where the Cerrado is the predominant biome. Babassu is an important native oil resource and one of the main extractive products in Brazil, besides contributing significantly to the economy of some Brazilian States. The results of an ongoing study of the conservation status and genetic diversity of populations of the palm A.vitrivir are presented. The distribution of A. vitrivir has been reduced by habitat fragmentation, resulting in two main regions of occurrence (northern and southern), with a large gap between them, being only one of them protected by a conservation unit. A total of 84 microsatellite primer pairs designed for Attalea speciosa were screened for polymorphism and transferability in A. vitrivir individuals and 21 transferable primer pairs were used to better understand the distribution of genetic variability, gene flow and conservation status of A. vitrivir populations.The genetic diversity estimates using these primers indicated high levels of genetic variation and showed that a higher variation was located within than among populations, probably due to reproductive isolation. The five populations evaluated were grouped into two distinct groups, coinciding with northern and southern regions. High genetic diversity within populations and high differentiation among both regions indicate limited gene flow. The northern unprotected populations presented high genetic variability and should also be considered for protection for the long term conservation of the species.
Harvest Seasons and Physiological Quality of Buffel Grass cv. Aridus Seeds
Authors: Figueiredo Josiane Cantuária , David Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza , Alves Dorismar David , Amaro Hugo Tiago Ribeiro , Araújo Eduardo Fontes , Silva Cleisson Dener da , Nobre Danúbia Aparecida Costa
Published: January 2020

The objective of this research is to study the maturation process of buffel grass cv. Aridus seeds in order to determine their best harvest season, aiming at maximum seed quality. During the inflorescence emergence phase, they were labeled upon showing from five to ten inflorescences emerged per m2. The first seed harvest was done 20 days after inflorescence emergence, and the other harvests were done at 5-day intervals, totaling six harvests. In each harvest season, the seeds were assessed as to water content, dry matter mass, germination, first germination count, seedlings emergence, emergence speed index, and electrical conductivity. The physiological maturity of buffel grass seeds (maximum germination, vigor and dry matter accumulation) occurs from 38 to 42 days after inflorescence emergence, moment when harvest must be done.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 2
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: January 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2020.
Complementary Irrigation Effect on Seed Cotton Yield in North Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Traoré Brahima , Tiho Tagouèlbè , N’gatta Zégoua Régis , Pohé Jean
Published: January 2020

The study was set to assess a complementary irrigation effect on seed cotton yields in the Northern Côte d’Ivoire where the cotton is the main cash crop. Firstly, the soil samples were collected from the surface down to 30 cm depth and analyzed. The soil was sandy and silty. So, 65 kg of 46%urea and 285 kg of NPKSB15-15-15-6-1 were applied for its correction. Secondly, in a complete randomized blocks, four tests were conducted, within those were T0 (no complementary irrigation and no crop protection products and fertilizers), T1 (no complementary irrigation, with crop protection products and fertilizers, the cotton cultivation ongoing practice in the Northern Cote d’Ivoire, therefore the reference), T2 (complementary irrigation, along with crop protection products and fertilizers), T3 (only complementary irrigation, without any crop protection products and fertilizers). Thirdly, the tests were replicated in 3 blocks. As a result, from T1 to T2, the plants heights, the plants density at harvest period, bolls number per plant and seed cotton yields were respectively 88.58±1.78 vs 96.08±1.78 cm (+8.47%) at day 73; 53,934±1,260.78 vs 67,593±1,260.78 plants per ha (+25.32%); 23.11±0.81 vs 26.39±0.81 bolls per plant (+14.19%) and 1,616.26±67.86 vs 2,657.77±67.86 kg/ha (+64.44%). Conversely, the complementary irrigation led to higher pest damages on bolls, because 13±2.2% of T2 bolls were attacked, while just 4.6±2.2% of T1 bolls were damaged by insects’ pest. Looking for solutions linked to climate change effects, a complementary irrigation in cotton farms in the Northern Côte d’Ivoire could be profitable to the cotton growers. Nonetheless, the farmers should pay a great attention to the pest management.
Editorial
Authors: Weber Mary Beth
Published: January 2020

Happy New Year! I enter each new year looking forward to the submissions I receive and also what information I will gain from attending the American Library Association (ALA) Midwinter Meeting. Although I am an experienced and long-term library professional, there is always something new to learn and information to acquire. Networking with colleagues, both those new to the profession and those who are experienced, is wonderfully productive and draws on our collective perspectives. Attending professional conferences and reading journal papers are two ways to contribute to our profession. There are other ways to be involved, too, such as writing a book review, serving on a committee, giving a presentation (including webinars), teaching courses and/or providing training, or writing a research paper. Geography is no longer an issue, and many groups conduct their work virtually, eliminating some barriers that might have formerly hampered participation.
Att upptäcka det som inte går att fånga
Authors: Lundkvist Hannes , Apelmo Per
Published: January 2020

I denna artikel undersöker vi vilka utmaningar estetiken och etiken ställer pedagogik inför. Vi diskuterar skärningspunkten mellan Emmanuel Lévinas etikbegrepp och Jacques Rancières estetikbegrepp i en pedagogisk kontext genom Expressive Arts (EXA) som redskap och metod. Vi börjar med att introducera Lévinas etik och dess roll i hans filosofiska system, samt dess implikationer för relationer människor emellan. Därefter introducerar vi Rancières estetik och dess potential att leda till etik genom att betrakta icke-konst som konst. Efter dessa genomgångar introducerar vi EXA som redskap och metod genom fyra intervjuer med deltagare från ett EXA-baserat arbete som vi själva är väl insatta i. Vi analyserar denna praxis i ljuset av de ovannämnda filosofiska begreppen och avslutar med en diskussion om de pedagogiska implikationer som följer av detta filosofiska perspektiv på användningen av konst i utbildning. Vi menar att EXA är en gynnsam praxis för en pedagogik som vill beakta de utmaningar och den komplexitet som detta etiskt-estetiskt förhållningssätt synliggör. Vår slutsats är att detta förhållningssätt ställer tre utmaningar till all pedagogik som syftar till att vara mer än bara kunskapsförmedlande: den behöver utgå från jämlikhet-i-alteritet, den behöver uppmana till ett etiskt subjektskap och den behöver ha redskap för att både bryta mot det vi tar förgivet och att ständigt fortsätta leva i denna process, utan att nå ett slut.
Om læraren sin levande kunnskap
Authors: Æsøy Knut Ove
Published: January 2020

Det er eit uttalt mål å gjøre grunnskulelærarutdanninga forskingsbasert. I det dominerande tankemønsteret i grunnskulelærarutdanninga er det konstruert ei motsetning mellom vitskapleg kunnskap og erfaringskunnskap. Vitskapleg kunnskap vert skildra som noko positivt, medan erfaringskunnskap får ei negativ omtale. Dette filosofiske essayet vil framskrive ei re-oppfatning av denne dikotomien. Målet med arbeidet er å redusere dikotomien mellom desse to kunnskapsformene og vise ei forståing som er meir jambyrdig, og som samlande kan bli kalla for lærarens levande kunnskap. Teorien om levande kunnskap tar utgangpunkt i mennesket si heilskapande erkjenningsevne. Mennesket sin kognitive kapasitet inneheld både rasjonelle, etiske, emosjonelle og motoriske erkjenningar. Eit avgjørande aspekt med den levande kunnskapen er lærarens etiske- emosjonelle kunnskap og sensibilitet i tillegg til den logisk rasjonelle evna.
Duplik til Hans Vejleskov – om Jean Piaget og konstruktivisme
Authors: Kauffmann Oliver
Published: January 2020

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Om Jean Piaget og konstruktivisme
Authors: Vejleskov Hans
Published: January 2020

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Etikkens kuperede terræn - etiske principper og etiske kompetence i socialt arbejde
Authors: Engelsen Søren , Christiansen Regina , Emiliussen Jakob
Published: January 2020

En praksisorienteret professionsetik er vigtigt i socialt arbejde. Med udgangspunkt i en fi losofi sk undersøgelse, som vi understøtter med kvalitativ analyse af interviews af ældreplejere, argumenterer vi i artiklen for, at et fokus på etiske principper i professionsetik for socialt arbejde er utilstrækkeligt. Vi må udvide fokusområderne for den normative professionsetik og gøre den besværlige vej til etikkens højere mål til selvstændigt emne. Vi må undersøge, hvad der skal til for at kunne navigere kvalifi ceret i etikkens kuperede terræn.
ArtFutura 2007 – Introducción
Authors: Marín Antoni , Córcoles Cíesar , Rodríguez René
Published: January 2020

La nueva edición de ArtFutura 2007, el festival itinerante de creación y cultura digital, tuvo lugar el mes de octubre de 2008 en el Mercat de les Flors de Barcelona. El futuro de Internet ocupó una parte importante en la programación de este año. Tal como pudimos presenciar en la charla del viernes 26 de octubre que reseña César Córcoles para Mosaic, la Web que viene deberá tener en cuenta las siguientes tendencias: una infraestructura que sea capaz de transmitir vídeo de alta definición, la investigación en los buscadores de Internet que centra su atención en las búsquedas complejas, una Red marcada por las personas y por el uso que hacen de ella, y el hecho de que Internet sigue creciendo como medio de comunicación (actualmente absorbe el 20% de la inversión en el sector publicitario).
Un cava con huella digital
Authors: Draper Blanca
Published: January 2020

Cristina Fàbregas y Blanca Draper, ganadora y una de las finalistas del Primer concurso de diseño de chapas de cava La Virtual, cuentan en sus artículos el proceso creativo que emplearon para el diseño de estas chapas. Fàbregas y Draper son estudiantes del Graduado Multimedia de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya.