bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological features ofNitraria sibiricaPall. and the structure of its coenopopulation (the Republic of Khakasia)
Authors: Barsukova Irina , Leonova Tatiana
Published: October 2021

The life form ofNitraria sibiricaPall. and the structure of its coenopopulation has been studied in natural conditions. Laboratory germination of seeds was investigated. Individuals build the life form of a hypogeogenic-geoxyle vegetative-mobile shrub. It is found that the coenopopulation is normal incomplete, the ontogenetic spectrum is of a centered type. The germination of seeds does not exceed 6 %.
The genetic diversity ofPaeonia anomala(Paeoniaceae), as indicated by nuclear ITS and plastid ycf1 molecular markers
Authors: Degtjareva Galina , Efimov Sergey
Published: October 2021

Variability of nuclear ITS rDNA and plastid ycf1 gene was studied to elucidate genetic diversity ofPaeonia anomala(Paeoniaceae), which possesses the most extensive range among all species of the genus. Sixteen populations were sampled across the entire distribution range of the species. The principal coordinate analysis suggested the existence of three ycf1 haplotype groups distributed in distinct geographical locations. For ITS region, no variability throughout the range was found; only samples ofP. anomalafrom its north-western range margin (the Kola Peninsula) are characterized by unique nucleotide substitutions.
Biology of Begonia sect. Wageneria (Klotzsch) A.DC. under cultivation conditions (ex situ)
Authors: Fershalova Tatiana , Baikova Elena
Published: October 2021

Morphological structure, features of growth and development of Begonia species of the Wageneria section (B. convolvulacea, B. glabra, B. fagifolia) under ex situ conditions were studied. The architectural model and structure of inflorescences, as well as the dynamics of shoot growth and flowering, are established and described. Recommendations for the optimal cultivation of the Wageneria section begonias in greenhouses and rooms are presented. The main factor affecting the success of cultivation and decorative effect is the air temperature; the optimal one is +20-30 °C. Begonia convolvulacea and B. glabra proved to be the most resistant to various cultivation conditions.
Botanic component in training bachelors of ecology at the Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies (SSUGIT)
Authors: Fershalova Tatyana , Bochkareva Irina
Published: October 2021

Ecologist is among the specialties in high demand, especially under the conditions of urban environment. Plant knowledge is an essential component in preparing ecology students to academic, research and development activities. Plants knowledge gained through education is an important element for diagnostics and improvement of the ecological environment affected by various anthropogenic and natural factors. Education involves practical courses aimed at consolidation of the skills for plant identification, phyto indexing and formulation of recommendations on environmental optimization. It is shown that the application of interdisciplinary approach to the formation of universal competence through learning botany is relevant.
Flowers of Campanula species as a source of biologically active substances
Authors: Fomina Tatiana , Kukushkina Tatiana
Published: October 2021

The content of the major groups of biologically active substances in flowers of 7 Campanula species, cultivated in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, were investigated for the first time. Freshly collected flowers were found to contain 0.06-0.15 % of catechins, 0.31-3.17 % of flavonols, 3.31-6.47 % of tannins, 3.10-15.57 % of pectic substances, and 0.66-16.4 mg% of carotenoids calculated per absolute dre weight of raw material. The amount of ascorbic acid was 36.9-114.0 mg% per wet weight. The data indicate that Campanula flowers are promising for the production of phenolic compounds, the development of food additives and fresh consumptions a seasoning.
ISSR primer screening for analysis of genetic diversity among Scutellaria tuvensis (Lamiaceae) populations
Authors: Muraseva Dinara S. , Guseva Alexandra A.
Published: October 2021

Using the Diamond DNA kit, high quality nuclear DNA was isolated from dry leaves of the endemic species Scutellaria tuvensis. The selection of primers for ISSR analysis of genetic polymorphism of natural populations is described. During the experiment, 22 primers were tested, their effectiveness was assessed on a point scale. When assessing the primers, the number of reproducible amplified DNA fragments, the clarity and brightness of the obtained fragments, and only distinctive bands were taken into account. As a result, 10 ISSR markers were selected that are the most informative for assessing the population diversity of the species.
Inventory of some Tulipa species from Uzbekistan using DNA barcoding
Authors: Nikitina Elena V. , Karimov Farkhod I. , Savina Natalja V. , Kubrak Svetlana V. , Kilchevsky Aleksandr V.
Published: October 2021

Climate fluctuations in the Quaternary period in significantly influenced the evolution and distribution of plants, which caused to a serious genetic effects and speciation activity [1]. Thus, Central Asia is distinguished by a wide variety of flora, including 9520 species, while 20% are endemics [2]. Great phenotypic diversity of the wild flora in Uzbekistan, numbering about 4400 species of vascular plants is determined by the peculiar climatic conditions, a variety of zoning, altitudinal zones [3]. At the same time, being one of the centers of early diversification of monocotyledonous geophytes, taxonomically complex representatives of this group are not sufficiently involved in phylogenetic studies. This study is a pilot study of the flora of Uzbekistan using DNA barcoding method, that based on sequencing of phylogenetically significant sequences. Four plastid (rbcL, psbA-trnH, matK, trnL-F) and one nuclear (ITS) markers were used for species identification of the genus Tulipa. The results of molecular phylogenetic analysis for 15 species of Tulipa (Liliaceae) using the marker sequence encoding ITS fragment are presented. The successful usefulness of DNA technology for genetic inventory has been demonstrated.
Some biochemical characteristics of species of the genus Monarda
Authors: Petruk Anastasia , Lobanova Irina , Bolotnik Elisaveta
Published: October 2021

The paper presents a comparative study of the content and composition of biologically active substances of the aboveground parts of plants of some Monarda species cultivated in the Botanical Garden, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg. The greatest quantity of flavones, tannins were found in M. citriodora Cerv. ex Lag., carotenoids, pectins, saponins in M. fistulosa L., pectins in M. didyma L., protopectins in M. media Will. The component composition of the phenolic complex of the samples was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography on an analytical HPLC-system Agilent 1200. 70% ethanol extracts of plants of Monarda species contained at least 35 compounds of phenolic nature, including flavones luteolin, luteolin 7-glucoside, chlorogenic acid.
Possibilities to determine biometric parameters using airborne laser scanning data
Authors: Polyakova Mariya , Otmakhov Yury
Published: October 2021

The paper brings forward ways to solve the problem of estimating the trunk diameter using data of airborne laser scanning (LIDAR) relevant for forest inventory. At the first stage of studying, it was defined the regularities of tree height and diameter relations for various species, as well as the coefficients of coupling equations of the significance of “height-diameter” relations based on field data. At the second stage, it was calculated the relations of crown parameters (diameter and volume) and the trunk height and diameter at 1.3 m level accounting parameters dependent of species. Based on the estimated and LIDAR data, the resulting calculations of tree diameters were made with 83.2% accuracy. The proposed calculation of the trunk diameter is an important step for further development of an automated algorithm to obtain basic taxation indicators, such as the tree trunk number, height and diameter. The data got by this way can be used for high density forests while cuttings assessment using LIDAR.
The first records of a rare species of Reticularia olivacea (Myxomycetes) and Hypsizygus marmoreus (Fungi) in Inner Asia
Authors: Vlasenko Anastasia , Budsuren Dondov , Nazyn Chechekmaa
Published: October 2021

A rare species of fungi, Hypsizygus marmoreus, collected in the Republic of Tyva, Russia, and a rare species of myxomycetes, Reticularia olivacea, collected in the Mongolia, were recorded for the first time in Inner Asia. The article provides a photographs of fruiting bodies of these species, distribution in world is provided.
Morphological features of fruits and seeds of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Apiaceae)
Authors: Yugrina Polina , Urbagarova Bayarma , Elisafenko Tatyana
Published: October 2021

The article presents the characteristics of the fruits and seeds of the medicinal plant Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.), obtained from natural habitats and under conditions of introduction. Heterocarpy has been established, which is expressed in the difference in color, the surface of the mericarp, the size of the mericarp and the seed. The size of the embryo differs slightly. The coefficient of variation of signs is from 9 to 22 %, regardless of the place of origin of the fruits.
Study of the content of rare and rare earth elements in ash and slag waste of the Kemerovo state district power plant
Authors: Cherkasova Tatiana , Tikhomirova Anastasia , Cherkasova Elizaveta , Golovachev Andrey
Published: October 2021

In the context of restrictions due to the sanctions imposed, a key factor in the country's development is the development of new Russian high-tech materials and their production technologies. The study of ash and slag waste from the Kemerovo State District Power Plant was carried out in this work using the methods of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It has been established that matrix elements make up the predominant share of ash and slag waste. Rare and rare earth elements in terms of their content are classified as trace elements, however, some of them either have commercial values, or are close to it.
On the need to consider the lithological composition of overburden rocks in the design of waste water treatment plants at open pit mines
Authors: Murko Elena , Janočko Juraj , Makridin Eugene , Kapko Martin
Published: October 2021

The issue of wastewater treatment in open-pit mining of mineral deposits is associated with great difficulties. Due to the constant tightening of requirements for the quality of discharged wastewater, its treatment in the sedimentation reservoirs and clarification ponds does not ensure the achievement of MPC values; in addition, these treatment facilities occupy significant areas of land. It should also be noted that the open-pit mines, as a rule, have several water outlets remote from each other, besides changing their location as the development of mining operations proceeds. For example, OJSC "UK "Kuzbassrazrezugol" has more than 30 places of water use, taking into account that the company structure includes 7 open-pit mines. In the article some results of analyses of pit waste water before and after its treatment in artificial filtering massifs at the mining enterprises of Kuzbass are presented. Preliminary dependences of changes in pollutant impurities in quarry water on different composition of coal waste have been established.
Environmental safety as the most important area of ensuring national security and sustainable development of the Russian Federation
Authors: Vorontsova Elena , Vorontsov Andrey , Drozdenko Yuriy
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of problematic issues of ensuring environmental safety in the Russian Federation as an urgent task of the state and society, on the solution of which the national security of the country and the possibility of its sustainable development largely depend. The role and importance of environmental safety in the system of national security of Russia is analyzed, the necessity of forming and implementing a long-term state policy in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources is proved. On the basis of environmental monitoring data, the current state of the environment is characterized, especially in areas of intensive industrial production (the Urals, Siberia, the Arctic), negative anthropogenic factors are identified that violate the ecological balance in the territories of active resource extraction, and the environmental threats arising in this connection are analyzed. It is noted that in the context of increasing economic activity and global climate change, compliance with environmental safety requirements becomes a factor capable of ensuring sustainable economic development.
Socio-ecological aspects of the realization of the human potential of workers in resource-producing regions
Authors: Gafarov Hasan , Gafarova Iuliia , Belkov Anton , Bikmetov Rachid , Zolotukhin Vladimir
Published: October 2021

One of the problems of resource-producing regions, both in Russia and in other countries, is provision of industrial enterprises with professional personnel. It has an impact on the development of socio-economic infrastructure, the degree of technological development, the state of the environmental situation and other aspects. Depending on the state structure and socio-political situation, these problems have their own specifics, in particular, it concerns the coal industry of Kuzbass in the XX-XXI centuries. In the XX century, the formation of human resources was first ensured by free recruitment, organized recruiting and party mobilizations. It is emphasized that under these conditions, the state authorities and the party leadership were forced to make a decision to use the labor of special settlers, labor settlers, home front soldiers, as well as the labor of Soviet Germans deported to Kuzbass at industrial facilities, including at coal industry enterprises. At the end of the XX - beginning of the XXI century, there is a change in the approaches to the formation of human resources, depending on the socio-economic, demographic and other conditions of the development of modern Russia. The problems of the formation and development of industry, the dynamics of human resources potential and demographic changes in Western Siberia were considered in the works of A. B. Konovalov, S. V. Soboleva, E. M. Shcherbakova, and others. Climatic conditions, the lack of basic household infrastructure, staff turnover on the one hand, and the lack of environmental standards on the other, have led to inefficient socio-economic regional development and an increase in environmental problems. In modern conditions, this is manifested not only in the growth of oncological diseases in Kuzbass, but also in the degree of environmental pollution by industrial waste, including the tendency to alienate agricultural land for the construction of technological roads, warehouses for the fertile soil layer and sites for auxiliary equipment. Attention is focused on the fact that for the rise of industry and the increase in coal production, it was necessary to attract labor, and the demographic situation is contradictory: on the one hand, the dynamics of the natural birth rate of the population decreased, which was a characteristic phenomenon for all regions of Western Siberia, and on the other, the lack of labor resources was compensated due to internal migration processes.
Selection and experimental study of the linear displacement converter for the automated monitoring system of mine roofs
Authors: Inozemtsev Maxim , Grigoreva Natalia , Volynkina Natalia , Alibaev Atabek
Published: October 2021

The justification of the linear displacement sensors installation in mine workings is described in this paper. The required technical characteristics of the sensors are given. The main types of primary linear displacement converters are presented. The choice of inductive solenoid-type converters and sensors based on linear differential transformers (LVDT) is justified. The advantages and disadvantages of inductive transducers, their accuracy and measurement limits are described, and measuring methods of inductance of the solenoid-type transducers and the converter output signal based on LVDT are considered. The results of sensors experimental studies based on the solenoid-type inductive transducers are presented.
Development of an Algorithm for Reducing Accidents in the External Power Supply System of Kuzbass Coal Mines
Authors: Belyaevsky Roman , Gerasimenko Alexey
Published: October 2021

One of the most important areas is to ensure the required reliability of power supply to coal mining enterprises. This problem is associated with the high hazard due to accidents at coal mines. The article discusses approaches to solving the problem of finding the best ways to improve the efficiency of the external power supply system. This makes it possible to increase the reliability of power supply to the coal mines of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass. On the basis of the information method, an algorithm has been developed that makes it possible to take into account the topology of the electrical network, increasing its reliability. Measures to improve the external power supply of LLC “Mine“ Pervomayskaya” are proposed and substantiated. A feasibility study for the direction of increasing the stability of the structure of the electrical network is presented.
Development of an electrical exploration data post-processor
Authors: Ignatov Yuri , Tailakov Oleg , Saltymakov Evgeniy , Gorodilov Daniil
Published: October 2021

In modern times, the development of geology and geophysics is associated with complex experiments. The results of these experiments are large arrays of numerical data, which require processing and further analysis. If to process these data manually, it can be a very difficult and routine task. For such studies, specialized tools are important, which are necessary to significantly speed up the processing process and to render visualization of geophysical data in real time. The software is worked out to automate the geophysical data processing obtained after electrical exploration procedure. The designed postprocessor performs functions of data correction and geological and geophysical profile visualization. The user interface of the program provides researchers with the ability to interactively process the initial geophysical data.
Balancing resources, demand, new challenges, and risks: what is next for the coal industry of Kuzbass
Authors: Fridman Yuri , Rechko Galina , Loginova Ekaterina , Pimonov Alexander
Published: October 2021

The article gives an overview of the main external and internal challenges currently facing the coal industry and thus defining where the economy of Kemerovo Oblast – Kuzbass (a key coal-mining center in Russia) is heading. We claim the fourth energy transition as the most important among such challenges, whose basic paradigm is global economic and, in particular, energy systems decarbonization. Countries striving for a low-carbon economy chose coal as their primary target; for instance, Western Europe expects to exit coal-fired power generation by 2030–2035. Experts do not rule out that the world coal market will depend on China and India, the two emerging economies, in the foreseeable future. In this regard, the competitiveness of its coal products compared to solid fuel producers from Eastern Siberia and the Far East is becoming very important for Kuzbass: rivals are ready to supply higher-quality and logistically less expensive coal to the Asia-Pacific markets. In view of the fact that the idea of creating a coal-chemical cluster in Kemerovo Oblast as a long-term driver for the region’s economy has turned out to be untenable, it is now up against the task of forming a new economic doctrine of relations between the coal industry and Kuzbass. We believe it should rest upon the following idea: resources (including coal) have an enormous social and economic value. However, it is only possible to exercise this idea on the principles of harmonized development.
A fully-mixed formulation in Banach spaces for the coupling of the steady Brinkman–Forchheimer and double-diffusion equations
Authors: Caucao Sergio , Gatica Gabriel N. , Ortega Juan P.
Published: October 2021

We propose and analyze a new mixed finite element method for the nonlinear problem given by the coupling of the steady Brinkman–Forchheimer and double-diffusion equations. Besides the velocity, temperature, and concentration, our approach introduces the velocity gradient, the pseudostress tensor, and a pair of vectors involving the temperature/concentration, its gradient and the velocity, as further unknowns. As a consequence, we obtain a fully mixed variational formulation presenting a Banach spaces framework in each set of equations. In this way, and differently from the techniques previously developed for this and related coupled problems, no augmentation procedure needs to be incorporated now into the formulation nor into the solvability analysis. The resulting non-augmented scheme is then written equivalently as a fixed-point equation, so that the well-known Banach theorem, combined with classical results on nonlinear monotone operators and Babuška–Brezzi’s theory in Banach spaces, are applied to prove the unique solvability of the continuous and discrete systems. Appropriate finite element subspaces satisfying the required discrete inf-sup conditions are specified, and optimala priorierror estimates are derived. Several numerical examples confirm the theoretical rates of convergence and illustrate the performance and flexibility of the method.
Renewable energy systems implementation in road transport: prospects and impediments
Authors: Ajanovic Amela , Haas Reinhard
Published: October 2021

The transport sector accounts for about one quarter of the global carbon dioxide emissions. It is dominated by fossil fuels, leading to different negative impacts on humans and the environment. Over the last years, interest in alternative automotive powertrains such as different types of electric vehicles as well as low-carbon fuels has been increasing. The main objective of this paper is to provide review of the current state of the major renewable energy systems in road transport focusing on the EU. Based on a detailed literature review, the major prospects and impediments for the future use of biofuels, renewable electricity and green hydrogen in road transport are discussed considering policies implemented, as well as emission reduction targets set for the future with a special focus on passenger car transport. The major conclusions are: (i) The prospects of biofuels depend on their future economic and environmental performance as well as on land availability and the food versus tank discussion. (ii) The high investment costs of battery- and fuel cell electric vehicles are still a major barrier for their faster market penetration but they could be reduced in future due to technological learning. In addition, their contribution to the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions is achievable only in combination with the increasing use of renewable energy sources in electricity generation.
Selbstbestimmtes Wohnen mit Unterstützung – Entwicklung und Überprüfung der „Modelltreueskala Selbstbestimmtes Wohnen (MSSW)“ für Menschen mit psychischen Beeinträchtigungen
Authors: Richter Dirk , Adamus Christine , Mötteli Sonja , Myszor Franziska , Wienberg Günther , Steinhart Ingmar
Published: October 2021

Ziel der Studie In der psychiatrischen Versorgung fehlt bisher eine umfassende Beschreibung der Struktur- und Prozessmerkmale unterstützter Wohnformen im deutschsprachigen Raum. Die Entwicklung und Testung einer Modelltreueskala für selbstbestimmtes Wohnen wird dargestellt.

Methodik Im Rahmen einer länderübergreifenden Kooperation wurde eine Skala entwickelt und in Interviews mit Leitungspersonen in 87 Diensten und Einrichtungen in Deutschland und der Schweiz eingesetzt.

Ergebnisse Die Modelltreueskala umfasst 31 Items in 4 Bereichen. Unterstützungsdienste in der eigenen Wohnung wiesen eine leicht höhere Modelltreue gegenüber besonderen Wohnformen (stationäre Einrichtungen) auf. Dies galt insbesondere für die Bereiche Wohnbedingungen und Inklusionsorientierung. In den Bereichen Mitarbeitende/Team und Unterstützungsbedingungen wurden keine Unterschiede gemessen.

Schlussfolgerung Mit der Modelltreueskala steht erstmalig ein überprüfbarer Kriterienkatalog für das selbstbestimmte Wohnen in der psychiatrischen Versorgung zur Verfügung.
The Impact of Body Mass Index on Postpartum Infectious Morbidities and Wound Complications: A Study of Extremes
Authors: Sheikh Iqra , Fuller Kylie A. , Addae-Konadu Kateena , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. , Varvoutis Megan S.
Published: October 2021

Objective As body mass index increases, the risk of postpartum infections has been shown to increase. However, most studies lump women with a body mass index (BMI) of above 40 kg/m2 together, making risk assessment for women in higher BMI categories challenging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of extreme obesity on postpartum infectious morbidity and wound complications during the postpartum period.

Study Design The present study is a secondary analysis of women who underwent cesarean delivery and had BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 in the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Cesarean Registry. The primary outcome was a composite of postpartum infectious morbidity including endometritis, wound infection, inpatient wound complication prior to discharge, and readmission due to wound complications. Appropriate statistics used to compare baseline demographics, pregnancy complications, and primary outcomes among women by increasing BMI groups (40–49.9, 50–59.9, 60–69.9, and >70 kg/m2).

Results Rates of postpartum infectious morbidity increased with BMI category (11.7% BMI: 50–59.9 kg/m2; 13.7% BMI: 60–69.9 kg/m2; and 21.9% BMI >70+ kg/m2; p = 0.001). Readmission for wound complications also increased with BMI (3.1% for BMI: 50–59.9 kg/m2; 6.2% for BMI: 60–69.9 kg/m2; and 9.4% for BMI >70+ kg/m2; p = 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, increased BMI of 70+ kg/m2 category remained the most significant predictor of postpartum infectious complications compared with women with BMI of 40 to 49.9 kg/m2 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–29.7). The adjusted odds of readmission also increased with BMI (aOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.35–4.02 for BMI 50–59.9 kg/m2; aOR = 4.91, 95% CI: 2.07–11.7 for BMI of 60–69.9 kg/m2; and aOR = 36.2, 95% CI: 7.45–176 for BMI >70 kg/m2).

Conclusion Women with BMI 50 to 70+ kg/m2 are at an increased risk of postpartum wound infections and complications compared with women with BMI 40 to 49.9 kg/m2. These data provide increased guidance for counseling women with an extremely elevated BMI and highlight the importance of postpartum wound prevention bundles.

Key Points
Estudo radiográfico em pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total de joelho não cimentada: Segmento mínimo de 2 anos
Authors: Mainine Sérgio , Marinho José Antônio , Oliveira Bruna Gabriela Passarini de , Zanon Enrico Montorsi , Pereira Bruno Machado , Souza Rafael Fonseca Rodrigues de
Published: October 2021

Objetivo Avaliar radiograficamente a existência de sinais de soltura precoce das artroplastias totais de joelho não cimentadas Score (Amplitude Surgical SAS, Valence, France), verificadas com um tempo de seguimento que variou de 2 a 5,75 anos (média de 3,75 anos).

Métodos Investigação longitudinal descritiva de caráter observacional, não comparativa, realizada através de estudo radiográfico estático de controle anual, de uma série de casos, em um único centro, todos operados pelo mesmo cirurgião (S.M.). Foram incluídas todas as artroplastias não cimentadas que se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão realizadas no período de março de 2012 a outubro de 2014.

Resultados Dentre as 46 artroplastias de joelho não cimentadas avaliadas em 40 pacientes, não foram verificados sinais radiográficos de soltura precoce.

Conclusão A artroplastia não cimentada promove ótima osteointegração, não havendo soltura precoce, sendo fundamental que a técnica cirúrgica seja perfeitamente respeitada.
Alívio da dor após bloqueio do gânglio ímpar e ablação por radiofrequência em pacientes com coccigodínia: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Choudhary Ranjeet , Kunal Kishor , Kumar Dhirendra , Nagaraju Venishetty , Verma Shilp
Published: October 2021

Quase 90% dos casos de coccigodínia podem ser tratados por meio de tratamento clínico conservador; os 10% restantes precisam de outras modalidades invasivas para o alívio da dor, como o bloqueio do gânglio ímpar (BGI) ou ablação por radiofrequência (ARF) do gânglio ímpar. Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do BGI e ARF do gânglio ímpar no controle da dor em pacientes com coccigodínia, foi realizada uma pesquisa sistemática no PubMed, MEDLINE e Google Scholar, a fim de identificar estudos que relatam o alívio da dor, em termos de Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) ou dos seus homólogos, após o BGI ou ARF em pacientes com coccigodínia por 2 autores diferentes, de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA. Foram definidos sete estudos com um total de 189 pacientes (104 no grupo BGI e 85 no grupo ARF). No grupo BGI, a média da pontuação EVA melhorou de 7,83 no início do estudo para 3,11 no acompanhamento de curto prazo, 3,55 no acompanhamento de médio prazo e 4,71 no acompanhamento de longo prazo. No grupo ARF, a média da pontuação EVA melhorou de 6,92 no início do estudo, 4,25 no acompanhamento de curto prazo e 4,04 no acompanhamento de longo prazo. No grupo BGI foram relatadas 13,92% de falhas (11/79) e complicações de 2,88% (3/104), enquanto que no grupo ARF foram relatadas 14,08% de falhas (10/71) e nenhuma complicação (0%). A taxa total de êxito foi >85% em qualquer uma das modalidades. O BGI e ARF do gânglio ímpar fornecem um método confiável e provavelmente excelente no controle da dor, em pacientes com coccigodínia que não respondem ao tratamento médico conservador. No entanto, deve ser estabelecido um limite entre os que responderam, os que não responderam e aqueles não respondedores tardios, sendo necessários estudos mais amplos com acompanhamento mais longo (>1 ano).
Prevalência de displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril em uma maternidade de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Motta Giovanna Galvão Braga , Chiovatto Alessandra Rodrigues Silva , Chiovatto Eduardo Davino , Duarte Márcio Luís , Rodrigues Natasha Vogel Majewski , Iared Wagner
Published: October 2021

Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência de displasia de desenvolvimento de quadril (DDQ), ou seja, quadris de tipo de Graf IIc ou maior, em amostra da população de recém-nascidos de 0 a 3 dias de vida, e correlacionar os achados com os principais fatores de risco descritos na literatura.

Métodos Estudo observacional, transversal e prospectivo em amostra de recém-nascidos, em um hospital maternidade em São Paulo, para avaliar a prevalência da DDQ diagnosticada pelo método de Graf e verificar sua correlação com os fatores de risco.

Resultados Um total de 678 recém-nascidos foram submetidos a ultrassonografia de quadril (1.356 quadris). A prevalência de DDQ (quadris tipo IIc, D, IIIa, IIIb, e IV de Graf) foi de 5,46%. A análise de regressão logística mostrou razões de chances (RCs) com significância estatística para os parâmetros etnia branca (RC = 2.561; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1,07 a 6,11), multiparidade (RC = 3,50; IC95%: 1,62 a 7,38), sexo feminino (RC = 4,95; IC95%: 1,86 a 13,13), e apresentação pélvica (RC = 2,03; IC95%: 1,01 a 4,11).

Conclusão A prevalência de DDQ na amostra foi de 5,45% usando a ultrassonografia como método de diagnóstico. Este resultado é diferente do dos estudos que avaliam a prevalência exclusivamente do exame físico (manobra de Ortolani). Os principais fatores de risco associados ao maior risco de DDQ foram recém-nascidos do sexo feminino, com apresentação pélvica, primogênitos, e de etnia branca.
Numerical curved artery model relates blood entrance conditions to evolution of vortices
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: October 2021

Simulations show the role of uniform velocity in reducing shear stress along blood vessel walls, inducing cardiovascular disease.
Martensitic transformation in superlattices of two non-transforming metals
Authors: Tripathi Shivam , Titus Michael S. , Strachan Alejandro
Published: October 2021

A number of studies have shown that the coherent integration of a second non-transforming phase in martensitic materials results in unprecedented thermo-mechanical properties. We demonstrate the possibility of martensitic transformation by epitaxially combining two non-transforming materials, Mg (hexagonal closed packed) and MgLi (body centered cubic). Density functional theory calculations predict that MgLi/Mg superlattices undergo a transformation crystallographically equivalent to MgSc alloys and can be expected to result in finite temperature shape memory behavior. We predict the zero-temperature energy of the martensite phase to be 9.3 meV/atom lower than austenite for a 50–50 at. % MgLi/Mg nanolaminate, which is expected to result in a martensitic transformation temperature of approximately 150 K. This energy difference can be tuned between 4.9 and 18.1 meV/atom by varying the fraction of the pure Mg phase in the superlattice, potentially enabling the transformation from cryogenic to room and higher temperatures. While Li diffusion might limit the applications of the systems proposed, this work opens the door to a new approach to create martensitic materials.
Neuromorphic computing: Devices, hardware, and system application facilitated by two-dimensional materials
Authors: Bian Jihong , Cao Zhenyuan , Zhou Peng
Published: October 2021

Conventional computing based on von Neumann architecture cannot satisfy the demands of artificial intelligence (AI) applications anymore. Neuromorphic computing, emulating structures and principles based on the human brain, provides an alternative and promising approach for efficient and low consumption information processing. Herein, recent progress in neuromorphic computing enabled by emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials is introduced from devices design and hardware implementation to system integration. Especially, the advances of hopeful artificial synapses and neurons utilizing the resistive-switching-based devices, 2D ferroelectric-based memories and transistors, ultrafast flash, and promising transistors with attractive structures are highlighted. The device features, performance merits, bottlenecks, and possible improvement strategies, along with large-scale brain-inspired network fulfillment, are presented. Challenges and prospects of system application for neuromorphic computing are briefly discussed, shedding light on its great potential for AI.
Adlayer control for tunable AlGaN self-assembled superlattices
Authors: Engel Zachary , Clinton Evan A. , Motoki Keisuke , Ahmad Habib , Matthews Christopher M. , Doolittle W. Alan
Published: October 2021

AlGaN self-assembled superlattices (SASLs) and their customization were investigated via metal modulated epitaxy. Using the dynamics of metal accumulation, surface strain, and surface segregation, coherent SASL structures were demonstrated with high repeatability over 910 nm (63 periods) with no growth interrupts at rates as high as 2.8 μm/h. High customizability was shown with control over period thickness as well as the thickness of the individual layers. Factors effecting the thickness and composition of each layer are discussed and methods of customization are presented. Transmission electron microscopy shows abrupt interfaces between individual layers of the SASL and good coherency throughout the structure and strong wavelength tunable ultraviolet photoluminescence was observed. Such a method of SASL fabrication offers promise for the growth of multi-quantum well structures, distributed Bragg reflectors, strain relaxation buffers, and beyond without the need for growth interrupts, and thus unintentional contaminant incorporation, between layers.
Ammonia electrosynthesis on single-atom catalysts: Mechanistic understanding and recent progress
Authors: Li Panpan , Fang Zhiwei , Jin Zhaoyu , Yu Guihua
Published: October 2021

Ammonia has been regarded as an irreplaceable chemical for human life as its essential role in fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. At present, ammonia is industrially derived from fossil fuels with the well-known Haber–Bosch process, which is energy-consuming as well as environmentally unfriendly. The electrosynthesis approach is currently under intensive research as a future basis for producing ammonia from renewable sources. This review presents in-depth mechanistic studies and recent progress in single-atom electrocatalysts as an emerging platform for ammonia synthesis from the electroreduction of molecular dinitrogen and nitrogen oxides, particularly nitrate anion. In the conclusions and outlook, our discussion explores some key perspectives of future developments in the field. It is believed that ammonia electrosynthesis from a variety of nitrogen species via renewable electricity is of a great prospect to offer environmental, energy, and sustainability benefits.
Escape kinetics of self-propelled particles from a circular cavity
Authors: Debnath Tanwi , Chaudhury Pinaki , Mukherjee Taritra , Mondal Debasish , Ghosh Pulak K.
Published: October 2021

We numerically investigate the mean exit time of an inertial active Brownian particle from a circular cavity with single or multiple exit windows. Our simulation results witness distinct escape mechanisms depending on the relative amplitudes of the thermal length and self-propulsion length compared to the cavity and pore sizes. For exceedingly large self-propulsion lengths, overdamped active particles diffuse on the cavity surface, and rotational dynamics solely governs the exit process. On the other hand, the escape kinetics of a very weakly damped active particle is largely dictated by bouncing effects on the cavity walls irrespective of the amplitude of self-propulsion persistence lengths. We show that the exit rate can be maximized for an optimal self-propulsion persistence length, which depends on the damping strength, self-propulsion velocity, and cavity size. However, the optimal persistence length is insensitive to the opening windows’ size, number, and arrangement. Numerical results have been interpreted analytically based on qualitative arguments. The present analysis aims at understanding the transport controlling mechanism of active matter in confined structures.
The degree of maternal nutrient restriction during late gestation influences the growth and endocrine profiles of offspring from beef cows
Authors: López Valiente S. , Rodriguez A. M. , Long N. M. , Lacau-Mengido I. M. , Maresca S.
Published: October 2021

Context Cow–calf operations in Argentina are managed under extensive grazing condition and the quality of forages is often poor during the second half of gestation. The severity of nutrient restriction in bovine gestation, caused by seasonal pasture production, often results in poor production traits in progeny. Aims The objective of the current study was to determine whether different levels of maternal nutrient intake in beef cows during late gestation affect fetal and postnatal growth, glucose metabolism, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations in offspring of beef cattle. Methods At 180 ± 4 days of gestation, multiparous Angus cows (n = 56) were blocked by bodyweight (BW) and expected calving date, and assigned to pens (2 or 3 cows/pen). Pens (n = 8 per treatment) were then randomly assigned to the following treatments: severely restricted (SR; 50% of net energy and 58% of CP requirements), moderately restricted (MR; 75% of net energy and 85% of CP requirements), or control (CON; 100% of net energy and 116% of CP requirements). Pen was the experimental unit and data were analysed by ANOVA or repeated measures analysis, as appropriate. After calving, all cows were managed in a single group until weaning. Key results Cow BW and body condition score decreased as nutritional restriction increased (P < 0.05). At parturition, birth weight of calves from SR dams and MR dams was lower than that of calves from CON dams (P = 0.05; 4.9 kg and 2.1 kg respectively). Average daily gain of calves from birth to 24 days of age was higher (P = 0.01) in calves from SR dams than in calves from CON and MR dams. Calves from MR dams were lighter (P = 0.04) than were calves from SR and CON dams at weaning. Treatments did not affect milk production or composition (P > 0.10) or glucose–insulin metabolism of offspring during lactation (P > 0.10). Concentration of IGF1 tended to be lower in MR progeny than in SR and CON progeny during lactation (P = 0.09). Conclusions Late gestation maternal nutrient restriction, irrespective of the severity of the restriction, decreased birth weight of offspring; however, severe nutrient restriction induced early postnatal compensatory growth. Implications The severe nutritional restriction produced calves with weaning weights indistinguishable from the control cows due to early postnatal compensatory growth. However, the longer-term effects of nutritional restriction of the dam in the second half of pregnancy on metabolic and reproductive performance in replacement heifers or meat production/quality in steers is yet to be determined.
The effect of filler complexity and context on the acceptability of wh-island violations in
Dutch
Authors: Beljon Maud , Joosen Dennis , Koeneman Olaf , Ploum Bram , Sommer Noëlle , de Swart Peter , Wilms Veerle
Published: October 2021

Acceptability judgements of syntactic island violations are often claimed to improve by either increasing the
complexity of the wh-filler phrase or integrating the violating sentence into a discourse. In two acceptability
judgement tasks, we looked at wh-island violations in Dutch by varying the complexity of the filler phrase and by
presenting the sentences either in isolation or with a preceding discourse. We found that neither variable had a significant
effect in isolation, but that only in their combination a significant effect was observed. The same effect showed up in non-island
conditions, however. This is in contrast to findings in the literature on English and French and suggests that the complexity
effect in Dutch is not syntactic. We therefore conclude that wh-islands are strong islands in Dutch (Broekhuis & Corver 2015) and show that the contrast with English and French can be
made to follow from featural Relativized Minimality (Rizzi 2017), taking into account
the verb second property of Dutch.
Ta as an emergent language practice of audience design in CMC
Authors: Sluchinski Kerry
Published: October 2021

This study examines the use of ungendered third person Chinese pronoun ta in digital first-and-third
person voiced discourses (i.e. small stories). The study asks what implications the script choice ta, as opposed to
gendered 他 ta ‘he’ and 她 ta ‘she’, has for audience design and the facilitation
of character empathy. The study draws on 131 digital texts from celebrity verified accounts on social media platform Sina Weibo in October
2015. From a Discourse Analytical perspective focused on deixis relative to the notion of empathy in storytelling, the study investigates
emergent practices which involve the orthographic manipulation of gender. The study proposes that ta is an interpersonal
resource whose deictic properties as a non-standard spelling are exploited as a property of audience design to facilitate an appeal to
empathy. This facilitation is advanced by the script choice which offers a wider scope of reference, and thus targets a wider audience.
LYVE1+ macrophages of murine peritoneal mesothelium promote omentum-independent ovarian tumor growth
Authors: Zhang Nan , Kim Seung Hyeon , Gainullina Anastasiia , Erlich Emma C. , Onufer Emily J. , Kim Jiseon , Czepielewski Rafael S. , Helmink Beth A. , Dominguez Joseph R. , Saunders Brian T. , Ding Jie , Williams Jesse W. , Jiang Jean X. , Segal Brahm H. , Zinselmeyer Bernd H. , Randolph Gwendalyn J. , Kim Ki-Wook
Published: October 2021

Two resident macrophage subsets reside in peritoneal fluid. Macrophages also reside within mesothelial membranes lining the peritoneal cavity, but they remain poorly characterized. Here, we identified two macrophage populations (LYVE1hi MHC IIlo-hi CX3CR1gfplo/− and LYVE1lo/− MHC IIhi CX3CR1gfphi subsets) in the mesenteric and parietal mesothelial linings of the peritoneum. These macrophages resembled LYVE1+ macrophages within surface membranes of numerous organs. Fate-mapping approaches and analysis of newborn mice showed that LYVE1hi macrophages predominantly originated from embryonic-derived progenitors and were controlled by CSF1 made by Wt1+ stromal cells. Their gene expression profile closely overlapped with ovarian tumor-associated macrophages previously described in the omentum. Indeed, syngeneic epithelial ovarian tumor growth was strongly reduced following in vivo ablation of LYVE1hi macrophages, including in mice that received omentectomy to dissociate the role from omental macrophages. These data reveal that the peritoneal compartment contains at least four resident macrophage populations and that LYVE1hi mesothelial macrophages drive tumor growth independently of the omentum.
Technique and the Threat of Deethicalization
Authors: Sidnell Jack
Published: October 2021

Students at a yoga school in southern India learn physically demanding sequences of āsana (posture, pose) that they conceptualize as tools with which to cultivate inner qualities. In a wide range of contexts, teachers and master practitioners insist that these techniques of the body must be executed in particular ways and accompanied by specific mental states if they are to have their intended ethical effects. Yoga is thus understood to combine outwardly observable technique with an unobservable yet essential, inner component. One consequence of this to which students and teachers are pervasively oriented is that the techniques become vulnerable to a kind of deethicalization by which they are “bleached” of their spiritual content and reduced to mere physical exercise. The paper begins by comparing concerns about deethicalization among yoga practitioners with similar ideas about folklorization among participants in a women’s mosque movement described by Mahmood (2012). I then turn to consider three semiotic processes relevant to the specific case: circumscription, performed demonstration and photographically enhanced entextualization.
International comparison CCQM-K117 ammonia
Authors: Veen Adriaan M H van der , Wijk Janneke I T van , Harris Kimberly , Goodman Cassie , Hodges Joseph , Uehara Shinji , Kang Ji Hwang , Kim Yong Doo , Kim Dal Ho , Lee Sangil , Worton David R , Bartlett Sam , Aswegen Sivan van , Brewer Paul J , Efremova Olga V , Zhang Tiqiang , Wang Defa , Han Qiao , Zeyi Zhou , Iturrate-Garcia Maitane , Pascale Céline , Niederhauser Bernhard
Published: October 2021

Main text

At the highest metrological level, ammonia gas standards are commonly prepared gravimetrically as Primary Standard Mixtures or using a dynamic standard. This international key comparison addressed the measurement of the amount fraction ammonia in nitrogen, to support calibration and measurement services for mainly environmental applications. The nominal amount fraction was 14 μmol mol-1. The results in this Track C key comparison on the composition of biogas are generally good.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).