bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cation controlled rotation in anionic pillar[5]arenes and its application for fluorescence switch
Authors: Zheng Hao , Fu Lulu , Wang Ranran , Jiao Jianmin , Song Yingying , Shi Conghao , Chen Yuan , Jiang Juli , Lin Chen , Ma Jing , Wang Leyong
Published: February 2023

Controlling molecular motion is one of hot topics in the field of chemistry. Molecular rotors have wide applications in building nanomachines and functional materials, due to their controllable rotations. Hence, the development of novel rotor systems, controlled by external stimuli, is desirable. Pillar[n]arenes, a class of macrocycles, have a unique planar chirality, in which two stable conformational isomers pR and pS would interconvert by oxygen-through-the-annulus rotations of their hydroquinone rings. We observe the differential kinetic traits of planar chirality transformation in sodium carboxylate pillar[5]arene (WP5-Na) and ammonium carboxylate pillar[5]arene (WP5-NH4), which inspire us to construct a promising rotary platform in anionic pillar[5]arenes (WP5) skeletons. Herein, we demonstrate the non-negligible effect of counter cations on rotational barriers of hydroquinone rings in WP5, which enables a cation grease/brake rotor system. Applications of this tunable rotor system as fluorescence switch and anti-counterfeiting ink are further explored.
Tailoring water structure with high-tetrahedral-entropy for antifreezing electrolytes and energy storage at −80 °C
Authors: Qiu Meijia , Sun Peng , Han Kai , Pang Zhenjiang , Du Jun , Li Jinliang , Chen Jian , Wang Zhong Lin , Mai Wenjie
Published: February 2023

One of unsolved puzzles about water lies in how ion-water interplay affects its freezing point. Here, we report the direct link between tetrahedral entropy and the freezing behavior of water in Zn2+-based electrolytes by analyzing experimental spectra and molecular simulation results. A higher tetrahedral entropy leads to lower freezing point, and the freezing temperature is directly related to the entropy value. By tailoring the entropy of water using different anions, we develop an ultralow temperature aqueous polyaniline| |Zn battery that exhibits a high capacity (74.17 mAh g−1) at 1 A g−1 and −80 °C with ~85% capacity retention after 1200 cycles due to the high electrolyte ionic conductivity (1.12 mS cm−1). Moreover, an improved cycling life is achieved with ~100% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at −70 °C. The fabricated battery delivers appreciably enhanced performance in terms of frost resistance and stability. This work serves to provide guidance for the design of ultralow temperature aqueous batteries by precisely tuning the water structure within electrolytes.
Atlas of plasma NMR biomarkers for health and disease in 118,461 individuals from the UK Biobank
Authors: Julkunen Heli , Cichońska Anna , Tiainen Mika , Koskela Harri , Nybo Kristian , Mäkelä Valtteri , Nokso-Koivisto Jussi , Kristiansson Kati , Perola Markus , Salomaa Veikko , Jousilahti Pekka , Lundqvist Annamari , Kangas Antti J. , Soininen Pasi , Barrett Jeffrey C. , Würtz Peter
Published: February 2023

Blood lipids and metabolites are markers of current health and future disease risk. Here, we describe plasma nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) biomarker data for 118,461 participants in the UK Biobank. The biomarkers cover 249 measures of lipoprotein lipids, fatty acids, and small molecules such as amino acids, ketones, and glycolysis metabolites. We provide an atlas of associations of these biomarkers to prevalence, incidence, and mortality of over 700 common diseases (nightingalehealth.com/atlas). The results reveal a plethora of biomarker associations, including susceptibility to infectious diseases and risk of various cancers, joint disorders, and mental health outcomes, indicating that abundant circulating lipids and metabolites are risk markers beyond cardiometabolic diseases. Clustering analyses indicate similar biomarker association patterns across different disease types, suggesting latent systemic connectivity in the susceptibility to a diverse set of diseases. This work highlights the value of NMR based metabolic biomarker profiling in large biobanks for public health research and translation.
Tunable sliding ferroelectricity and magnetoelectric coupling in two-dimensional multiferroic MnSe materials
Authors: Liu Kehan , Ma Xikui , Xu Shuoke , Li Yangyang , Zhao Mingwen
Published: February 2023

Sliding ferroelectricity (SFE) found in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials, such as BN and transition-metal dichalcogenides bilayers, opens an avenue for 2D ferroelectric materials. Multiferroic coupling in 2D SFE materials brings us an alternative concept for spintronic memory devices. In this study, using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that MnSe multilayers constructed by the recently-synthesized MnSe monolayer have large sliding-driven reversible out-of-plane electric polarization (~10.6 pC m−1) and moderate interlayer sliding barriers superior to the existing 2D SFE materials. Interestingly, the intrinsic electric polarization is accompanied by nonzero net magnetic moments which are also switchable via lateral interlayer sliding. Additionally, both SFE and magnetoelectric coupling can be effectively regulated by external strain and/or hole doping. Our findings suggest the potential of MnSe multilayers in 2D multiferroic and spintronic applications.
Maternal antibodies induced by a live attenuated vaccine protect neonatal mice from cytomegalovirus
Authors: Le-Trilling Vu Thuy Khanh , Jagnjić Andreja , Brizić Ilija , Eilbrecht Mareike , Wohlgemuth Kerstin , Rožmanić Carmen , Herdman Alan , Hoffmann Katja , Westendorf Astrid M. , Hengel Hartmut , Jonjić Stipan , Trilling Mirko
Published: February 2023

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) frequently causes congenital infections, resulting in birth defects and developmental disorders. A vaccine is needed, but unavailable. We analyzed the potential of CMV mutants, lacking their STAT2 antagonists to serve as live attenuated vaccine viruses in mice. Infections with attenuated viruses elicited strong ELISA-reactive binding IgG responses and induced neutralizing antibodies as well as antibodies stimulating cellular Fcγ receptors, including the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-eliciting receptors FcγRIII/CD16 and FcγRIV. Accordingly, vaccinated mice were fully protected against challenge infections. Female mice vaccinated prior to gestation transmitted CMV-specific IgG to their offspring, which protected the progeny from perinatal infections in a mouse model for congenital CMV disease. To define the role of maternal antibodies, female mice either capable or incapable of producing antibodies were vaccinated and subsequently bred to males of the opposite genotype. Challenge infections of the genotypically identical F1 generation revealed the indispensability of maternal antibodies for vaccine-induced protection against cytomegaloviruses.
Disease state associated with chronic toe lesions in hellbenders may alter anti-chytrid skin defenses
Authors: Hardman Rebecca H. , Reinert Laura K. , Irwin Kelly J. , Oziminski Kendall , Rollins-Smith Louise , Miller Debra L.
Published: February 2023

Hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) are large, aquatic salamanders from the eastern United States. Both subspecies, eastern and Ozark hellbenders, have experienced declines resulting in federal listing of Ozark hellbenders. The globally distributed chytrid fungus,Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)has been detected in both subspecies, andBatrachochytrium salamandrivorans(Bsal) poses a new threat if introduced into North America. Ozark hellbenders also suffer a high prevalence of toe lesions of unknown etiology, with changes in host immunocompetence hypothesized to contribute. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted from dermal granular glands may play a role in hellbender health. We collected skin secretions from free-ranging hellbenders and enriched them for small cationic peptides used for growth inhibition assays againstBdandBsal. Generalized linear mixed models revealed the presence of active toe lesions as the strongest and only significant predictor of decreasedBdinhibition by skin peptides. We also found skin secretions were more inhibitory ofBsalthanBd. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry revealed candidate peptides responsible for anti-chytrid activity. Results support the hypothesis that hellbender skin secretions are important for innate immunity against chytrid pathogens, and decreased production or release of skin peptides may be linked to other sub-lethal effects of disease associated with toe lesions.
Self-association of the glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin A2 in aqueous solution studied by molecular hydrodynamics
Authors: Chun Taewoo , Pattem Jacob , Gillis Richard B. , Dinu Vlad T. , Yakubov Gleb E. , Corfield Anthony P. , Harding Stephen E.
Published: February 2023

The natural glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin is used for the treatment of serious Gram-positive related bacterial infections and can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, topically (ocular infections), or orally. It has also been considered for targeting viral infection by SARS-CoV-2. The hydrodynamic properties of teicoplanin A2 (M1 = 1880 g/mol) were examined in phosphate chloride buffer (pH 6.8, I = 0.10 M) using sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium in the analytical ultracentrifuge together with capillary (rolling ball) viscometry. In the concentration range, 0–10 mg/mL teicoplanin A2 was found to self-associate plateauing > 1 mg/mL to give a molar mass of (35,400 ± 1000) g/mol corresponding to ~ (19 ± 1) mers, with a sedimentation coefficient s20, w =  ~ 4.65 S. The intrinsic viscosity [$$\eta$$
η
] was found to be (3.2 ± 0.1) mL/g: both this, the value for s20,w and the hydrodynamic radius from dynamic light scattering are consistent with a globular macromolecular assembly, with a swelling ratio through dynamic hydration processes of ~ 2.
Research on blasting cumulative dynamic damage of surrounding rock in step construction tunnel
Authors: Cui Yaozhong , Wu Bo , Meng Guowang , Xu Shixiang
Published: February 2023

In the process of cyclic blasting during tunnel excavation, the reserved surrounding rock sustains irreparable damage accumulation. For safe tunnel construction, it is imperative to understand the characteristics of blasting dynamic cumulative rock damage. Sonic wave test and numerical simulation methods were applied to the research. The JH-2 model was adopted as the damage model of surrounding rock. Based on the data transfer method between solvers in ABAQUS software, the cumulative damage was calculated. The damage characteristics were obtained by combining the sonic wave test results. According to the research findings, the entire reserved surrounding rock has periodic damage characteristics. Each periodic damage area has a funnel shape along the tunnel’s longitudinal direction, with a length of 160 cm, and 1.07 times the excavation footage. The latter excavation footage's blasting effect on the damaged area of the previous footage rock is 40 cm long, with three cumulative damage patterns. The three cumulative damage patterns more clearly reveal the surrounding rock's additional damage law, the degree of additional damage is greatest with the distance of 5–20 cm from the latter excavation footage. The research can provide appropriate theoretical guidance for the design of the step-blasting construction tunnel's blasting scheme and lining.
Post-GWAS screening of candidate genes for refractive error in mutant zebrafish models
Authors: Quint Wim H. , Tadema Kirke C. D. , Kokke Nina C. C. J. , Meester-Smoor Magda A. , Miller Adam C. , Willemsen Rob , Klaver Caroline C. W. , Iglesias Adriana I.
Published: February 2023

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have dissected numerous genetic factors underlying refractive errors (RE) such as myopia. Despite significant insights into understanding the genetic architecture of RE, few studies have validated and explored the functional role of candidate genes within these loci. To functionally follow-up on GWAS and characterize the potential role of candidate genes on the development of RE, we prioritized nine genes (TJP2, PDE11A, SHISA6, LAMA2, LRRC4C, KCNQ5, GNB3, RBFOX1, and GRIA4) based on biological and statistical evidence; and used CRISPR/cas9 to generate knock-out zebrafish mutants. These mutant fish were screened for abnormalities in axial length by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and refractive status by eccentric photorefraction at the juvenile (2 months) and adult (4 months) developmental stage. We found a significantly increased axial length and myopic shift in refractive status in three of our studied mutants, indicating a potential involvement of the human orthologs (LAMA2, LRRC4C, and KCNQ5) in myopia development. Further, in-situ hybridization studies showed that all three genes are expressed throughout the zebrafish retina. Our zebrafish models provide evidence of a functional role of these three genes in refractive error development and offer opportunities to elucidate pathways driving the retina-to-sclera signaling cascade that leads to myopia.
The impact of oxygen supply and erythrocytes during normothermic kidney perfusion
Authors: von Horn Charlotte , Zlatev Hristo , Lüer Bastian , Malkus Laura , Ting Saskia , Minor Thomas
Published: February 2023

The influence of erythrocytes and oxygen concentration on kidneys during long-term normothermic kidney perfusion is under debate. This study compares acellular and erythrocyte-based NMP with focus on oxygen delivery to the tissue as well as the effects of high oxygenation on tissue integrity. Pig kidneys were connected to NMP for six hours. The first group (n = 6; AC500) was perfused without addition of oxygen carriers, arterial perfusate pO2 was maintained at 500 mmHg. In the second group (n = 6; RBC500) washed erythrocytes were added to the perfusate at pO2 of 500 mmHg. Third group (n = 6; RBC200) was perfused with erythrocyte containing perfusate at more physiological pO2 of 200 mmHg. Addition of RBC did not relevantly increase oxygen consumption of the kidneys during perfusion. Likewise, there were no differences in kidney functional and injury parameters between AC500 and RBC500 group. Expression of erythropoietin as indicator of tissue hypoxia was comparable in all three groups. Cell free NMP at supraphysiological oxygen partial pressure seems to be a safe alternative to erythrocyte based perfusion without adverse effect on kidney integrity and provides a less cumbersome application of NMP in clinical practice.
Intrasexual cuticular hydrocarbon dimorphism in a wasp sheds light on hydrocarbon biosynthesis genes in Hymenoptera
Authors: Moris Victoria C. , Podsiadlowski Lars , Martin Sebastian , Oeyen Jan Philip , Donath Alexander , Petersen Malte , Wilbrandt Jeanne , Misof Bernhard , Liedtke Daniel , Thamm Markus , Scheiner Ricarda , Schmitt Thomas , Niehuis Oliver
Published: February 2023

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) cover the cuticle of insects and serve as desiccation barrier and as semiochemicals. While the main enzymatic steps of CHC biosynthesis are well understood, few of the underlying genes have been identified. Here we show how exploitation of intrasexual CHC dimorphism in a mason wasp, Odynerus spinipes, in combination with whole-genome sequencing and comparative transcriptomics facilitated identification of such genes. RNAi-mediated knockdown of twelve candidate gene orthologs in the honey bee, Apis mellifera, confirmed nine genes impacting CHC profile composition. Most of them have predicted functions consistent with current knowledge of CHC metabolism. However, we found first-time evidence for a fatty acid amide hydrolase also influencing CHC profile composition. In situ hybridization experiments furthermore suggest trophocytes participating in CHC biosynthesis. Our results set the base for experimental CHC profile manipulation in Hymenoptera and imply that the evolutionary origin of CHC biosynthesis predates the arthropods’ colonization of land.
Three-dimensional mapping in multi-samples with large-scale imaging and multiplexed post staining
Authors: Chen Siqi , Liu Guangcai , Li Anan , Liu Zhixiang , Long Ben , Yang Xiaoquan , Gong Hui , Li Xiangning
Published: February 2023

Dissection of the anatomical information at the single-cell level is crucial for understanding the organization rule and pathological mechanism of biological tissues. Mapping the whole organ in numerous groups with multiple conditions brings the challenges in imaging and analysis. Here, we describe an approach, named array fluorescent micro-optical sectioning tomography (array-fMOST), to identify the three-dimensional information at single-cell resolution from multi-samples. The pipeline contains array embedding, large-scale imaging, post-imaging staining and data analysis, which could image over 24 mouse brains simultaneously and collect the slices for further analysis. With transgenic mice, we acquired the distribution information of neuropeptide somatostatin neurons during natural aging and compared the changes in the microenvironments by multi-component labeling of serial sections with precise co-registration of serial datasets quantitatively. With viral labeling, we also analyzed the input circuits of the medial prefrontal cortex in the whole brain of Alzheimer’s disease and autism model mice. This pipeline is highly scalable to be applied to anatomical alterations screening and identification. It provides new opportunities for combining multi-sample whole-organ imaging and molecular phenotypes identification analysis together. Such integrated high-dimensional information acquisition method may accelerate our understanding of pathogenesis and progression of disease in situ at multiple levels.
Genome-wide association study reveals BET1L associated with survival time in the 137,693 Japanese individuals
Authors: Akiyama Masato , Sakaue Saori , Takahashi Atsushi , Ishigaki Kazuyoshi , Hirata Makoto , Matsuda Koichi , Momozawa Yukihide , Okada Yukinori , Ninomiya Toshiharu ,   The Biobank Japan project, Koido Masaru , Morisaki Takayuki , Nagai Akiko , Sagiya Yoji , Terao Chikashi , Murakami Yoshinori , Kubo Michiaki , Kamatani Yoichiro
Published: February 2023

Human lifespan is reported to be heritable. Although previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several loci, a limited number of studies have assessed the genetic associations with the real survival information on the participants. We conducted a GWAS to identify loci associated with survival time in the Japanese individuals participated in the BioBank Japan Project by carrying out sex-stratified GWASs involving 78,029 males and 59,664 females. Of them, 31,324 (22.7%) died during the mean follow-up period of 7.44 years. We found a novel locus associated with survival (BET1L; P = 5.89 × 10−9). By integrating with eQTL data, we detected a significant overlap with eQTL of BET1L in skeletal muscle. A gene-set enrichment analysis showed that genes related to the BCAR1 protein–protein interaction subnetwork influence survival time (P = 1.54 × 10−7). These findings offer the candidate genes and biological mechanisms associated with human lifespan.
Life on a beach leads to phenotypic divergence despite gene flow for an island lizard
Authors: Brown Richard P. , Jin Yuanting , Thomas Jordan , Meloro Carlo
Published: February 2023

Limited spatial separation within small islands suggests that observed population divergence may occur due to habitat differences without interruption to gene flow but strong evidence of this is scarce. The wall lizard Teira dugesii lives in starkly contrasting shingle beach and inland habitats on the island of Madeira. We used a matched pairs sampling design to examine morphological and genomic divergence between four beach and adjacent (<1 km) inland areas. Beach populations are significantly darker than corresponding inland populations. Geometric morphometric analyses reveal divergence in head morphology: beach lizards have generally wider snouts. Genotyping-by-sequencing allows the rejection of the hypothesis that beach populations form a distinct lineage. Bayesian analyses provide strong support for models that incorporate gene flow, relative to those that do not, replicated at all pairs of matched sites. Madeiran lizards show morphological divergence between habitats in the face of gene flow, revealing how divergence may originate within small islands.
On the interplay between lipids and asymmetric dynamics of an NBS degenerate ABC transporter
Authors: Tóth Ágota , Janaszkiewicz Angelika , Crespi Veronica , Di Meo Florent
Published: February 2023

Multidrug resistance-associated proteins are ABC C-family exporters. They are crucial in pharmacology as they transport various substrates across membranes. However, the role of the degenerate nucleotide-binding site (NBS) remains unclear likewise the interplay with the surrounding lipid environment. Here, we propose a dynamic and structural overview of MRP1 from ca. 110 μs molecular dynamics simulations. ATP binding to NBS1 is likely maintained along several transport cycles. Asymmetric NBD behaviour is ensured by lower signal transduction from NBD1 to the rest of the protein owing to the absence of ball-and-socket conformation between NBD1 and coupling helices. Even though surrounding lipids play an active role in the allosteric communication between the substrate-binding pocket and NBDs, our results suggest that lipid composition has a limited impact, mostly by affecting transport kinetics. We believe that our work can be extended to other degenerate NBS ABC proteins and provide hints for deciphering mechanistic differences among ABC transporters.
Role of optical rectification in photon-assisted tunneling current
Authors: Février Pierre , Basset Julien , Estève Jérôme , Aprili Marco , Gabelli Julien
Published: February 2023

Emission of light and conversely rectification of an optical signal using an all-metallic electronic device is of fundamental and technological importance for nano-optics. However despite recent experimental efforts in the development of electrically-driven plasmonic sources, the interplay between quantum transport and optics is still under debate. Here, we measure the photon-assisted current in a planar tunnel junction under infrared illumination. To address the microscopic mechanism at the origin of the optical rectification, we compare the photon-assisted current and the current-voltage characteristic of the junction measured on a voltage range much greater than $${V}_{0}=\frac{hc}{e\lambda }=0.825\,{{{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}}$$

V

0

=

h
c

e
λ

=
0.825

V
, previously unexplored. The experimental results do not agree with the theory based on the existence of a non-thermal distribution function corresponding to the exchange of energy quanta between electrons and photons. We show instead that the illumination power mainly goes into heating and that the rectification results from the tunneling Seebeck effect.
High-entropy grain boundaries
Authors: Luo Jian , Zhou Naixie
Published: February 2023

As high-entropy alloys receive an increasing amount of attention, an interesting scientific question arises: can grain boundaries be “high entropy”? In 2016, we proposed “high-entropy grain boundaries” as the grain boundary counterparts to high-entropy materials. Here, we discuss the underlying interfacial thermodynamics to elaborate relevant concepts. We emphasize that “high-entropy grain boundaries” are neither equivalent to grain boundaries in high-entropy materials nor simply “compositionally complex grain boundaries”, but they should possess specific thermodynamic characters. Using a simplified segregation model, we illustrate that both grain boundary and bulk high-entropy effects can reduce grain boundary energy with increasing temperature for saturated multicomponent alloys, where the effective grain boundary entropy can be positive and increase with the number of components. We show that high-entropy grain boundaries can stabilize nanocrystalline alloys at high temperatures via thermodynamic and kinetic effects. Grain boundary structural disordering and transitions may offer further opportunities to attain higher effective grain boundary entropies.
Projected decrease in trail access in the Arctic
Authors: Ford J. D. , Clark D. G. , Copland L. , Pearce T. ,   IHACC Research Team, Ford James D. , Harper Sherilee , Ford Lea Berrang , Carcamo Cesar , Garcia Patricia , Lwasa Shuaib , Namanya Didacus , New Mark , Zavaleta-Cortijo Carol , Harper S. L.
Published: February 2023

Transportation systems in northern Canada are highly sensitive to climate change. We project how access to semi-permanent trails on land, water, and sea ice might change this century in Inuit Nunangat (the Inuit homeland in northern Canada), using CMIP6 projections coupled with trail access models developed with community members. Overall trail access is projected to diminish, with large declines in access for sea ice trails which play a central role for Inuit livelihoods and culture; limits to adaptation in southern regions of Inuit Nunangat within the next 40 years; a lengthening of the period when no trails are accessible; and an unequal distribution of impacts according to the knowledge, skills, equipment, and risk tolerance of trail users. There are opportunities for adaptation through efforts to develop skillsets and confidence in travelling in more marginal environmental conditions, which can considerably extend the envelope of days when trails are accessible and months when this is possible. Such actions could reduce impacts across emissions scenarios but their potential effectiveness declines at higher levels of global warming, and in southern regions only delays when sea ice trails become unusable.
Genomics discovery of giant fungal viruses from subsurface oceanic crustal fluids
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ananda S , Schulz Frederik , Woyke Tanja , Orcutt Beth N , Martínez Joaquín Martínez
Published: February 2023

The oceanic igneous crust is a vast reservoir for microbial life, dominated by diverse and active bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Archaeal and bacterial viruses were previously detected in oceanic crustal fluids at the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR). Here we report the discovery of two eukaryotic Nucleocytoviricota genomes from the same crustal fluids by sorting and sequencing single virions. Both genomes have a tRNATyr gene with an intron (20 bps) at the canonical position between nucleotide 37 and 38, a common feature in eukaryotic and archaeal tRNA genes with short introns (<100 bps), and fungal genes acquired through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events. The dominance of Ascomycota fungi as the main eukaryotes in crustal fluids and the evidence for HGT point to these fungi as the putative hosts, making these the first putative fungi-Nucleocytoviricota specific association. Our study suggests active host-viral dynamics for the only eukaryotic group found in the subsurface oceanic crust and raises important questions about the impact of viral infection on the productivity and biogeochemical cycling in this ecosystem.
Multi-stimuli-responsive molecular fluorescent probes for bioapplications
Authors: Xue Shan-Shan , Li Yuanyuan , Pan Wei , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: February 2023

This feature article summarizes multi-stimuli molecular fluorescent probes that are based on small organic molecules and metal complexes for bioapplications.
Competitive crystallization, in situ separation and solidification mechanism of Cr-spinel crystal from Cr-bearing slag
Authors: Li Yu , Gao Jintao , Lan Xi , Feng Guoliang , Zhang Yanling , Guo Zhancheng
Published: February 2023

The competitive crystallization, in situ separation, and solidification mechanism of Cr-spinel crystals were studied and the occupancy of Cr in the Cr-spinel lattice remained constant with the substitution of Fe and Mn.
Zinc borate glasses: properties, structure and modelling of the composition-dependence of borate speciation
Authors: Topper Brian , Möncke Doris , Youngman Randall E. , Valvi Christina , Kamitsos Efstratios I. , Varsamis Christos P. E.
Published: February 2023

The short-range order of binary zinc borate glasses, xZnO–(1 − x)B2O3, has been quantitatively described as a function of ZnO content over the entire glass forming range for the first time, to the best of our knowledge.
Artefact removal from micrographs with deep learning based inpainting
Authors: Squires Isaac , Dahari Amir , Cooper Samuel J. , Kench Steve
Published: February 2023

We present a novel inpainting algorithm for microstructural image data using generative adversarial networks. This enables fast artefact removal via a simple graphical user interface.
An unexpected feasible route for the formation of organosulfates by the gas phase reaction of sulfuric acid with acetaldehyde catalyzed by dimethylamine in the atmosphere
Authors: Yang Ju-Rui , Liu Ai , Long Bo
Published: February 2023

A new mechanistic route for the formation of organosulfates in the gas phase of atmosphere.
Designing a solar interfacial evaporator based on tree structures for great coordination of water transport and salt rejection
Authors: Xu Zhicheng , Ran Xueqin , Zhang Zhijie , Zhong Mingfeng , Wang Da , Li Pengping , Fan Zhihong
Published: February 2023

A porous structure with gradient pores similar to those found in trees has been constructed for the first time, which demonstrates excellent coordination of water transport and salt rejection in interfacial evaporation desalination.
Elucidating collective translocation of nanoparticles across the skin lipid matrix: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Badhe Yogesh , Sharma Pradyumn , Gupta Rakesh , Rai Beena
Published: February 2023

The top layer of skin, the stratum corneum, provides a formidable barrier to the skin.
Effects of γ-ray irradiation on the molecular structure of collagen in different product forms
Authors: Xu Chengzhi , Hu Wenjing , Xiao Xiao , Zhu Lian , Zhang Juntao , Wei Benmei , Wang Haibo
Published: February 2023

Multi-dimensional systematic comparison of radiation tolerance of collagen molecules in different product forms.
Flexible humidity-tolerant γ-Fe2O3-rGO-based nanohybrids for energy efficient selective NO2 gas sensing
Authors: Kumar Atul , Kumar Anil , Varma G. D.
Published: February 2023

A γ-Fe2O3-rGO-based NO2 gas sensor at RT/0.3 V with 56% response in 15–97%RH exhibiting rapid response/recovery (0.08 min/0.25 min)/selectivity making it efficient.
Mono- and di-ferrocene conjugated 5-methyl benzimidazole based multi-channel receptors for cations/anions with their antimicrobial and anticancer studies
Authors: Nedunchezhian Kavitha , Nallathambi Sengottuvelan
Published: February 2023

Two receptor molecules containing 1-(ferrocenylmethyl)-2-ferrocenyl-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole and 2-ferrocenyl-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole having the capability of sensing cations and anions have been synthesized and characterized.
Narrow-bandgap Sn–Pb mixed perovskite single crystals for high-performance near-infrared photodetectors
Authors: Chang Zhizhen , Lu Zhengjun , Deng Wei , Shi Yandi , Sun Yuye , Zhang Xiujuan , Jie Jiansheng
Published: February 2023

Herein, a low-temperature space-confined technique (LT-SCT) was developed to fabricate pure-phase (FASnI3)0.1(MAPbI3)0.9 single crystals with excellent optical and electronic properties for high-performance near-infrared photodetectors.
Tunable orientation of two-dimensional assembled Au octahedron superlattices in polymer films as flexible SERS substrates
Authors: Tian Xiang-Dong , Zhang Yun
Published: February 2023

An air–water interface mediated co-assembly strategy to prepare flexible 2D superlattices of Au octahedra with tunable orientations, which show orientation-dependent SERS activity, is reported.
Forming a composite electron blocking layer to enhance the performance of carbon-based CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells
Authors: Song Yongfa , Li Weiping , Wang Hailiang , Liu Huicong , Deng Yue , Zhang Qixian , Rao Han , Jiang Xiaoyu , Chen Haining
Published: February 2023

Carbon-based CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) have attracted much interest due to their high chemical stability.
Wrapping silicon microparticles by using well-dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes for the preparation of high-performance lithium-ion battery anode
Authors: Cho Youngseul , Lee Kyu Sang , Piao Shuqing , Kim Taek-Gyoung , Kang Seong-Kyun , Park Sang Yoon , Yoo Kwanghyun , Piao Yuanzhe
Published: February 2023

Silicon microparticles were wrapped by using well-dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubesviaa facile freeze-drying method and used as an anode material in lithium-ion battery.
Three-dimensional free-standing gold nanowire networks as a platform for catalytic applications
Authors: Li Mohan , Ulrich Nils , Schubert Ina , Sigle Wilfried , Peter Wagner Michael Florian , Trautmann Christina , Toimil-Molares Maria Eugenia
Published: February 2023

Highly interconnected Au nanowire networks synthesized by electrodeposition in etched ion-track polymer templates show promising catalytic performance for methanol oxidation reaction.
Insight into fast lithium diffusion in disordered rock-salt ω-Li3V2O5in a wide temperature range
Authors: Lan Xiwei , Meng Tao , Yang Shanshan , Hu Xianluo
Published: February 2023

Disordered rock-salt ω-Li3V2O5(ω-LVO) is regarded as a promising fast-charging anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs).
Enzymatically hydrolyzed sodium caseinate nanoparticles efficiently enhancing the solubility, stability, and antioxidant and anti-biofilm activities of hydrophobic Tanshinone IIA
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Qi Haole , Wang Mingxia , Wei Yongqin , Liang Hao
Published: February 2023

Enzymatic hydrolysis has been validated as an appropriate strategy for improving the properties of natural protein.
Redox-dual-sensitive multiblock copolymer vesicles with disulfide-enabled sequential drug delivery
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Ma Jiayun , Zhao Jinling , Lu Haiying , Liu Yang , He Chuanshi , Lu Man , Yin Xiaohong , Li Jianshu , Ding Mingming
Published: February 2023

A facile redox-controlled sequential delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs was achieved by multiblock copolymer vesicles containing disulfide as the only kind of responsive linkage.
Tunable optical properties of transition metal dichalcogenide nanoparticles synthesized by femtosecond laser ablation and fragmentation
Authors: Chernikov Anton S. , Tselikov Gleb I. , Gubin Mikhail Yu. , Shesterikov Alexander V. , Khorkov Kirill S. , Syuy Alexander V. , Ermolaev Georgy A. , Kazantsev Ivan S. , Romanov Roman I. , Markeev Andrey M. , Popov Anton A. , Tikhonowski Gleb V. , Kapitanova Olesya O. , Kochuev Dmitry A. , Leksin Andrey Yu. , Tselikov Daniil I. , Arsenin Aleksey V. , Kabashin Andrei V. , Volkov Valentyn S. , Prokhorov Alexei V.
Published: February 2023

Control of the chemical composition and optical properties of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles by laser ablation and fragmentation is demonstrated.
Highly optically and thermally stable carbon dots enabled by thermal annealing for laser illumination
Authors: Liu Xinghua , Yan Lingpeng , Zheng Jingxia , Yang Yongzhen , Liu Xuguang , Xu Bingshe
Published: February 2023

Carbon dots with high optical and thermal stability for laser illumination are prepared by thermal annealing.
An effective pathway to design and synthesize UV birefringent crystalsviarational assembly of π-conjugated [CO3]2−and [NO3]−triangles
Authors: Hu Zhaowei , Liu Lili , Zhang Ruixin , Jing Qun , Wang Huan , Tian Jindan , Xu Jiayue , Halasyamani P. Shiv
Published: February 2023

Na3Rb6(CO3)3(NO3)2X·6H2O has the potential to serve as an excellent UV birefringent crystal due to its large birefringence and wide band gap.
Assessing the role of substituents in ferrocene acylphosphines and their impact on gold-catalysed reactions
Authors: Vosáhlo Petr , Štěpnička Petr
Published: February 2023

The donor properties of ferrocene acylphosphines were evaluated through 1JPSe coupling constants and the results used to rationalise trends in catalytic performance of their Au(i) complexes.
A novel extended Portuguese of Interactive and Multi‐Criteria Decision Making and Archimedean Bonferroni mean operators based on prospect theory to select green supplier with complex q‐rung orthopair fuzzy information
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Mahmood Tahir , Gwak Jeonghwan , Jan Naeem
Published: February 2023

The word sustainable or green supply chain refers to the concept of incorporating sustainable environmental procedures into the traditional supply chain. Green supply chain management gives a chance to revise procedures, materials and operational ideas. Choosing the fuzziness of assessing data and the spiritual situations of experts in the decision‐making procedure are two important issues. The main contribution of this analysis is to derive the theory of Archimedean Bonferroni mean operator for complex q‐rung orthopair fuzzy (CQROF) information, called the CQROF Archimedean Bonferroni mean and CQROF weighted Archimedean Bonferroni mean operators which are very valuable, dominant and classical type of aggregation operators used for examining the interrelationship among the finite number of attributes in modern data fusion theory. Inspirational and well‐used properties of the initiated theories are also diagnosed with some special cases. Additionally, the theory of extended TODIM tool using the prospect theory based on CQROF information was discovered, which play an essential and critical role in the environment of fuzzy set theory. Finally, a real life problem by computing a green supply chain management based on the initiated CQROF operators was evaluated and fully illustrating the feasibility and efficiency of the diagnosed work with the help of a comparison between existing and prevailing theories.
Big Bang nucleosynthesis as a probe of new physics
Authors: Bertulani Carlos A. , Hall Francis W. , Santoyo Benjamin I.
Published: February 2023

The Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) model is a cornerstone for the understanding of the evolution of the early universe, making seminal predictions that are in outstanding agreement with the present observation of light element abundances in the universe. Perhaps, the only remaining issue to be solved by theory is the so-called “lithium abundance problem". Dedicated experimental efforts to measure the relevant nuclear cross sections used as input of the model have lead to an increased level of accuracy in the prediction of the light element primordial abundances. The rise of indirect experimental techniques during the preceding few decades has permitted the access of reaction information beyond the limitations of direct measurements. New theoreticaldevelopments have also opened a fertile ground for tests of physics beyond the standard model of atomic,nuclear, statistics, and particle physics. We review the latest contributions of our group for possible solutions of the lithium problem.
Study for the long-lived gamma background due to neutron emitting calibration reactions
Authors: Bar Tanmoy , Basak Dipali , Saha Sukhendu , Sahoo Lalit Kumar , Basu Chinmay
Published: February 2023

In this article, a detailed theoretical investigation has been done on the long-lived gamma background due to neutron emitting reactions. It mainly focused on the experiments that will be used to calibrate energy with the terminal voltage of an upcoming Facility for Research in Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics (FRENA). Many reactions like (p, n), (p, γ) have been utilized in various accelerator facilities around the globe for energy calibration purposes. Neutron emitting reactions like 7Li(p, n), 13C(p, n), 19F(p, n), 27Al(p, n), etc. have been very commonly used. For such reactions, a significant number of neutrons produced from such experiments can interact with surrounding elements like copper, tantalum, stainless steel (SS304 and SS316), concrete materials,etc. These interactions may create long-lived gamma activity in the vicinity of the accelerator and detection area. Background gammas from these radioactive isotopes can interfere with gamma measurements in future experiments. The present study has been done to investigate those possibilities of gamma background which may occur due to the calibration study by neutron emitting experiments. Here 7Li(p, n), 13C(p, n), 19F(p, n) and 27Al(p, n) reactions having neutron threshold energies 1.8803, 3.2355, 4.2351, 5.8036 MeV respectively are chosen keeping in mind the proton energy available at the facility.
Comparison of buccal based triangular flap and lingual based triangular flap on postoperative course after impacted mandibular third molar surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Rajendran Balamurugan
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The present study is to compare the buccal based triangular flap with lingual based triangular flap on postoperative pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar surgery. Materials and methods: This study comprised of 100 patients, of which, 50 patients underwent buccal based triangular flap technique and 50 patients underwent lingual based triangular flap. The patients in both the groups were evaluated for pain, swelling and trismus on 1st, 3rd and 7th postoperative days. The wound healing was assessed on the 7th postoperative day. The obtained data's were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Patients in lingual based triangular flap group had less pain on all three postoperative days (P < 0.001). While, the amount of swelling was less on the 3rd postoperative day (P < 0.05) and the degree of trismus was less on 1st and 3rd postoperative days (P < 0.05). The patients in buccal based triangular flap group showed statistical significance for swelling on 1st and 7th postoperative days (P < 0.05) and for trismus on 7th postoperative day (P < 0.05). 2 Patients reported with tissue dehiscence in lingual based triangular flap group. In buccal based triangular flap group, 7 patients presented with wound gaping and 2 patients developed dry socket. Conclusion: Lingual based triangular flap was found to be superior and effective flap design in controlling pain, swelling and trismus with reduced postoperative complications when compared to buccal based triangular flap.
Numerical modeling of grade mixing and inclusion entrapment in eight strand billet tundish
Authors: Song Sicheng , Sun Yanhui , An Hanghang
Published: February 2023

This study aims to investigate the effect of tundish level control on the change in element content and inclusion amount in molten steel during the low tundish-level steel grade transition. Based on multiphase flow, mass transfer, and discrete phase, a three-dimensional transient numerical simulation of the tundish was established in Ansys Fluent. The model uses moving mesh refinement technology to obtain clear steel and slag interface with a small number of meshes. The numerical simulation results were verified through industrial experiments and physical simulations. The results indicate that when the tundish is at a low level, strand 3 becomes a short-circuit flow, and the number of inclusions in strand 3 is approximately four times that in strand 1. If the old grade density is higher than that of the new grade, the unqualified length of the element content in the transition billet is 10.2 m shorter than that in the opposite order. When the filling speed of the tundish is three times the normal flow rate, the length of the transition billet with an unqualified number of inclusions is 7.1 m less than that when the filling speed is 2 times the normal flow rate. In addition, at the initial stage of the low tundish level steel grade transition, the minimum amount of inclusions in the transition billet can be reduced to 40% of the average amount of inclusions in the old grade; however, the maximum number of inclusions in the transition billet increase by a factor of 2.5 times the average number of inclusions in the new grade at the end stage of the low tundish-level steel grade transition. It can be observed that the inclusions in the initial stage of the low tundish-level steel grade transition have less effect on the quality of the old grades; however, they have a greater effect on the new grades in the final stage of the low tundish-level steel grade transition.
Hereditäre Nierentumore – einfach abgeklärt mit ToSCaNA
Authors: Fuhrmann Christian , Czerner Christoph P. , Ripperger Tim , Imkamp Florian
Published: February 2023

Hintergrund In den letzten Jahren konnten große Fortschritte in
der Diagnose und Differenzierung verschiedenster hereditärer Syndrome mit Prädisposition für
Nierentumore erzielt werden.

Aktuelle Lehrmeinung ist, dass 5–8% aller Nierentumore auf einer hereditären
Prädisposition beruhen. Diese Zahl wird in der Realität wahrscheinlich deutlich höher liegen,
da die genetischen Komponenten vieler Nierentumore noch nicht abschließend erforscht und
verstanden sind.

Hereditäre Nierentumore zeigen in der Regel zwei charakteristische Eigenschaften:

Während das durchschnittliche Diagnosealter sporadischer Nierenzellkarzinome bei 64 Jahren
liegt, sind Patienten mit hereditärer Tumorgenese bei Diagnosestellung durchschnittlich 20
Jahre jünger. Weiterhin treten diese Tumore oft multilokulär bzw. bilateral auf.

Hieraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit eines speziellen Managements mit erweiterter
Beratung bei diesen jungen Nierentumorpatienten.

In der Literatur sind diverse Artikel über hereditäre Syndrome mit Nierenbeteiligung
publiziert, die jedoch zumeist den Focus auf die einzelnen Syndrome legen.

Ziel dieses Artikels ist es dem behandelnden Urologen eine kompakte Übersicht mit einem
praktischen Diagnostikleitfaden zu den häufigsten hereditären Syndromen mit Nierenbeteiligung
an die Hand zu geben und so die Primärdiagnostik und -behandlung dieser Patienten und ihrer
Familien zu optimieren.

Material und Methoden Wir führten hierzu eine Literaturrecherche
zu den 5 wichtigsten hereditären Syndromen mit Nierenbeteiligung durch und fassten die
Ergebnisse in einer übersichtlichen Tabelle zusammen.

Darüber hinaus erstellten wir das Akronym ToSCaNA, welches die wichtigsten extrarenalen
Manifestationen dieser Syndrome zusammenfasst.

Hieraus erarbeiteten wir einen Workflow eines sinnvollen Behandlungspfades.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt handelt es sich bei hereditären
Nierentumoren um eine seltene Entität, die in high-volume Zentren eine relevante Größe
darstellen können.

Denjenigen, die selten mit diesen Tumoren zu tun haben, bietet sowohl das Akronym als auch
der Flowchart eine einfache Hilfestellung im klinischen Alltag.

Eine möglichst frühe Identifikation und Diagnostik der Betroffenen und ihrer Angehörigen
ermöglicht es, die Patienten frühzeitig der richtigen Therapie und Früherkennung zuzuführen
und evtl. ebenfalls betroffene Angehörige zu identifizieren/therapieren.

Schlussfolgerung Ein früher Krankheitsbeginn sowie ein
bilaterales/multifokales Auftreten von Nierentumoren im klinischen Alltag sollten dringend an
eine hereditäre Genese denken lassen.

Dieser Anfangsverdacht kann dann mittels des Akkronyms ToSCaNA erhärtet und schließlich
über den vorgeschlagenen Workflow weiter abgeklärt werden.
Cervical Cerclage to Prevent Intrauterine Balloon Prolapse
Authors: Suzuki Toshifumi , Takeda Jun , Seyama Rie , Makino Shintaro , Takeda Satoru , Itakura Atsuo
Published: February 2023

Intrauterine balloon prolapse sometimes occurs, and the intrauterine balloon must be reinserted. Furthermore, intrauterine balloon tamponade (IBT) failure can necessitate additional invasive procedures. We report a case of cervical cerclage with IBT for placenta previa with a cervical dilation. In our case, emergency cesarean section was performed at 35 + 4 weeks of gestation because of persistent hemorrhage. During the operation, we performed IBT to prevent further postpartum hemorrhage. However, immediately after the operation, uterine cervical dilatation was 6 cm, which resulted in cervical dilation and prolapse of the intrauterine balloon. Therefore, we performed cervical cerclage using absorbable sutures with IBT and blood transfusion. We speculated that the intrauterine balloon might have induced cervical canal ripening during the operation. Our case suggested that cervical cerclage with IBT is a useful method to prevent intrauterine balloon prolapse in cases with cervical dilation.