bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Timely Wildfire Perimeter Mapping for Unmanned Aerial Platforms
Authors: Rittenbach Andrew , Imes Connor , Walters John Paul
Published: September 2024

Wildfire perimeter mapping currently relies on deferred processing of data from manned and orbital platforms using hand-tuned physics-based models. We demonstrate real-time on-board multispectral data processing on cost-efficient unmanned aerial platforms using ML-based semantic segmentation.
Holographic Illumination for Fast Wide-Field Third-Harmonic Generation Imaging
Authors: Bernard Olivier , Stergiopoulou Vasiliki , Hasegawa Satoshi , Hayasaki Yoshio , Squier Jeff , Vetterli Martin , Bellouard Yves
Published: September 2024

We demonstrate a throughput increase of third-harmonic generation microscopy imaging using arbitrary illumination patterns. A ‘camera-in-the-loop’ feedback control optimizes the hologram displayed by a spatial light modulator and two different image reconstruction methods are implemented.
Wigner Rotation Performed by a System of Skew Lenses
Authors: Soboňa Matúš , Sokol Radovan , Bělín Jakub
Published: September 2024

We present an arrangement of six non-parallel lenses that perform Wigner rotation of an object space. This device could be used for image rotation around the optical axis.
Single Image Fourier Ring Correlation
Authors: Rieger Bernd , Stallinga Sjoerd
Published: September 2024

We address (super)resolution assessment of light microscopy via Fourier Ring Correlation (FRC), based on a single camera image. Based on Poisson statistics we can split an image into two noise independent halves, and use this to compute the FRC. The technique is demonstrated on widefield, STED, ISM, and RCM modalities.
Multizonal design to correct ocular regular astigmatism with increased tolerance under rotation
Authors: Gargallo Diana , Perchés Sara , Collados Victoria , Ares Jorge
Published: September 2024

Two novel optical designs for compensating astigmatism with enhanced rotation tolerance are introduced. The design features concentric annular regions with varying spherocylindrical powers. Visual quality was assessed by numerical simulation demonstrating superior performance under rotation errors compared to the conventional compensation.
High-temperature evolution processes of exciplex states in the TBRb/C60 planar-heterojunction OLEDs via in-situ heating
Authors: Zhu Hongqiang , Yin Kaihui , Wu Zebang , Luo Lei , Jia Weiyao , Zhao Xi , Chen Jing , Yang Song , Yi Yingfei , Liu Yun , Xiong Zuhong
Published: September 2024

Magneto-conductance (MC) was used as a fingerprint detection tool to contactlessly visualize high-temperature evolution processes of exciplex (EX) states in the TBRb/C60 planar-heterojunction (PHJ) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Specifically, MC was used to contactlessly observe at room temperature around 300 K, the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process from triplet to singlet EX states (EX3 → EX1) in the device at 300 K is observed for the first time from the TBRb/C60 PHJ-OLED, and the device which shows a half-band-gap turn-on photoelectric characteristics. Temperature-dependent MC traces of the device present an interesting conversion from RISC to triplet-charge annihilation (TQA) process between EX3 and charge carriers (T1 + q → e + h + q`) after the device temperature increasing from 300 to 425 K via in-situ heating. By comprehensively analyzing MC traces, current-voltage characteristic curves, transient electroluminescence spectra, and optical microscopy images of the device and atomic force microscopy images of the TBRb film, we find that the increase of temperature destroys the molecule structures of organic materials, which leads to the generation of many traps inside the organic semiconductor films comprising the TBRb/C60 PHJ-OLED. These traps will capture polaron-pairs, EX, and exciton states and then affect their interactions, which finally induces the changes of MC traces. This work not only deepens understandings of high-temperature evolution processes of polaron-pairs, EX, and exciton states in the TBRb/C60 PHJ devices, but also provides a new method to study the microscopic mechanisms in OLEDs operating at under high temperature environment.
Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm to Retrieve Phase of Laguerre-Gaussian Beams that Carry OAM
Authors: O’Malley Owen , Avramov-Zamurovic Svetlana , Ferlic Nathaniel A. , Judd K. Peter
Published: September 2024

We estimate the phase of laser beams using the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm after propagation through experimental and simulated optical turbulence. Synchronous pupil-plane and focal-plane intensities of Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian beams are leveraged.
Impact of atmospheric turbulence on optical signal near the ground from Large Eddy Simulations
Authors: Kermarrec Gaël , Sühring Matthias , Al-Younis Wardeh
Published: September 2024

Atmospheric turbulence alters the propagation of optical waves, particularly near the ground. We use Large Eddy Simulations and simulate wave propagation to investigate what affects the outer scale length of turbulence (surface heterogeneities, daily variations).
A model for atmospheric optical turbulence using low-frequency measurements
Authors: Hegde Ravikiran , Anand N. , Satheesh S. K. , Moorthy K. Krishna
Published: September 2024

A model for atmospheric refractive index structure parameter is presented based on low-frequency measurements carried out at a semi-arid region. The model considers wind shear and thermal gradients also as input parameters.
Atmospheric C n 2 Profile Requirements for GEO-Feeder Uplink AO Optimisation
Authors: Lognoné Perrine , Farley Ollie , Griffiths Ryan , Conan Jean-Marc , Osborn James
Published: September 2024

To prepare telecom ground-to-GEO AO optimisation demonstrations, we evaluate the state-of-the-art phase estimator at PAA sensitivity to prior uncertainties, especially the
C
n
2 profile resolution. Four layer profiles are shown to suffice reducing the pre-compensation phase error.
A Controversy Regarding the Identity of the Enzyme That Mediates Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Synthesis in Human Alpha Cells
Authors: Teitelman Gladys
Published: September 2024

Processing of proglucagon into glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GLP-2 in intestinal L cells is mediated by the prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) while PC2 is responsible for the synthesis of glucagon in pancreatic alpha cells. While GLP-1 is also produced by alpha cells, the identity of the convertase involved in its synthesis is still unsettled. It also remains to be determined whether all alpha cells produce the incretin. The aims of this study were first, to elucidate the identity of the proconvertase responsible for GLP-1 production in human alpha cells, and second, to ascertain whether the number of glucagon cells expressing GLP-1 increase during diabetes. To answer these questions, sections of pancreas from donors’ non-diabetic controls, type 1 and type 2 diabetes were processed for double-labelled immunostaining of glucagon and GLP-1 and of each hormone and either PC1 or PC2. Stained sections were examined by confocal microscopy. It was found that all alpha cells of islets from those three groups expressed GLP-1 and PC2 but not PC1/3. This observation supports the view that PC2 is the convertase involved in GLP-1 synthesis in all human glucagon cells and suggests that the regulation of its activity may have important clinical application in diabetes.
SARS-CoV-2 impairs male fertility by targeting semen quality and testosterone level: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: V. J. Ashonibare , P. J. Ashonibare , T. M. Akhigbe , Akhigbe R. E.
Published: September 2024

Background

Since the discovery of COVID-19 in December 2019, the novel virus has spread globally causing significant medical and socio-economic burden. Although the pandemic has been curtailed, the virus and its attendant complication live on. A major global concern is its adverse impact on male fertility.

Aim

This study was aimed to give an up to date and robust data regarding the effect of COVID-19 on semen variables and male reproductive hormones.

Materials and methods

Literature search was performed according to the recommendations of PRISMA. Out of the 852 studies collected, only 40 were eligible for inclusion in assessing the effect SARS-CoV-2 exerts on semen quality and androgens. More so, a SWOT analysis was conducted.

Results

The present study demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 significantly reduced ejaculate volume, sperm count, concentration, viability, normal morphology, and total and progressive motility. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 led to a reduction in circulating testosterone level, but a rise in oestrogen, prolactin, and luteinizing hormone levels. These findings were associated with a decline in testosterone/luteinizing hormone ratio.

Conclusions

The current study provides compelling evidence that SARS-CoV-2 may lower male fertility by reducing semen quality through a hormone-dependent mechanism; reduction in testosterone level and increase in oestrogen and prolactin levels.
Acute effects of lower limb wearable resistance on horizontal deceleration and change of direction biomechanics
Authors: Philipp Nicolas M. , Johnson Quincy R. , Cabarkapa Dimitrije , Fry Andrew C.
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of lower limb wearable resistance on maximal horizontal deceleration biomechanics, across two different assessments. Twenty recreationally trained team sport athletes performed acceleration to deceleration assessments (ADA), and 5-0-5 change of direction (COD) tests across three load conditions (unloaded, 2% of BW, 4% of body weight (BW)), with load attached to the anterior and posterior thighs and shanks. Linear mixed effect models with participant ID as the random effect, and load condition as the fixed effect were used to study load-specific biomechanical differences in deceleration mechanics across both tests. Primary study findings indicate that for the ADA, in the 4% BW condition, participants exhibited significantly greater degrees of Avg Approach Momentum, as well as significant reductions in deceleration phase center of mass (COM) drop, and Avg Brake Step ground contact deceleration (GCD) in both the 2% BW, and 4% BW condition, compared to the unloaded condition. In the 5-0-5 tests, participants experienced significant reductions in Avg Approach Velocity, Avg deceleration (DEC), and Stopping Time in the 4% BW condition compared to the unloaded condition. Similar to the ADA test, participants also experienced significant reductions in Avg Brake Step GCD in both the 2% BW and 4% BW conditions, and significant increases in Avg Approach Momentum in the 4% BW condition, compared to the unloaded condition. Therefore, findings suggest that based on the test, and metric of interest, the addition of lower limb wearable resistance led to acute differences in maximal horizontal deceleration biomechanics. However, future investigations are warranted to further explore if the use of lower limb wearable resistance could present as an effective training tool in enhancing athlete’s horizontal deceleration and change of direction performance.
A machine learning model for early candidemia prediction in the intensive care unit: Clinical application
Authors: Meng Qiang , Chen Bowang , Xu Yingyuan , Zhang Qiang , Ding Ranran , Ma Zhen , Jin Zhi , Gao Shuhong , Qu Feng
Published: September 2024

Candidemia often poses a diagnostic challenge due to the lack of specific clinical features, and delayed antifungal therapy can significantly increase mortality rates, particularly in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study aims to develop a machine learning predictive model for early candidemia diagnosis in ICU patients, leveraging their clinical information and findings. We conducted this study with a cohort of 334 patients admitted to the ICU unit at Ji Ning NO.1 people’s hospital in China from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2022. To ensure the model’s reliability, we validated this model with an external group consisting of 77 patients from other sources. The candidemia to bacteremia ratio is 1:1. We collected relevant clinical procedures and eighteen key examinations or tests features to support the recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm. These features included total bilirubin, age, platelet count, hemoglobin, CVC, lymphocyte, Duration of stay in ICU and so on. To construct the candidemia diagnosis model, we employed random forest (RF) algorithm alongside other machine learning methods and conducted internal and external validation with training and testing sets allocated in a 7:3 ratio. The RF model demonstrated the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) with values of 0.87 and 0.83 for internal and external validation, respectively. To evaluate the importance of features in predicting candidemia, Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values were calculated and results revealed that total bilirubin and age were the most important factors in the prediction model. This advancement in candidemia prediction holds significant promise for early intervention and improved patient outcomes in the ICU setting, where timely diagnosis is of paramount crucial.
All-cause and cause-specific mortality risk among men and women with hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Wang Hung-Wei , Wang Yen-Chung , Huang Yun-Ting , Jiang Ming-Yan
Published: September 2024

Background

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects men and women differently, yet few studies have investigated sex differences in long-term mortality risk among the HCV-infected population. We conducted a population-based study to elucidate all-cause and cause-specific mortality among men and women with HCV infection.

Methods

The study population consisted of adult participants from the 1999–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including 945 HCV-infected and 44,637 non-HCV-infected individuals. HCV infection was defined as either HCV seropositivity or detectable HCV RNA. Participants were followed until the date of death or December 31, 2019, to determine survival status.

Results

The HCV-infected population, both male and female, tended to be older, more likely to be Black, single, have lower income, lower BMI, higher prevalence of hypertension, and were more likely to be current smokers. During a median follow-up of 125.0 months, a total of 5,309 participants died, including 1,253 deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 1,319 deaths from cancer. The crude analysis showed that the risk of death from all causes and from cancer, but not from CVD, was higher in the HCV-infected population. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that both HCV-infected men (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10–1.81) and women (HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.36–3.02) were equally at increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to their non-HCV infected counterparts (p for interaction > 0.05). The risk of cancer-related mortality was significantly increased in HCV-infected women (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.01–4.53), but not in men, compared to non-HCV-infected counterparts. Among HCV-infected population, there was no difference in the risks of all-cause, CVD-related, or cancer-related death between men and women.

Conclusion

Both men and women with HCV infection had an increased risk of death from all causes compared to their non-HCV infected counterparts, but we did not observe a significant sex difference.
The importance of test order in external and standardized test results: The case of PISA 2018
Authors: van Grieken R. , Tena J. D. , Pires Luis , Sanz Ismael , Avendaño-Miranda Lilliana L.
Published: September 2024

Standardized tests intend to reduce information asymmetry by providing a common and objective measure of students’ academic performance. The basic assumption underlying standardized testing is that differences in student performance on standardized tests should be attributed primarily to differences in the quality of education received by students. However, there is evidence that environmental factors can affect standardized test scores, which may result in anomalous observations or outliers that show a distortion of student performance. In this regard, the exclusion of Spain from PISA 2018 is particularly interesting as Spanish data met PISA 2018 Technical Standards but showed implausible student-response behavior. The aim of this paper is to complement the OECD’s analysis of Spain’s exclusion from PISA 2018 by exploring the potential reasons behind the outlier results, focusing on the Madrid region.
Prediction models for intradialytic hypotension in hemodialysis patients: A protocol for systematic review and critical appraisal
Authors: Li Zifeng , Yang Luhuan , Xi Zuyang , Yi Wen , Zeng Xiaoqian , Ma Dongling , Lei Yunhong
Published: September 2024

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is common in hemodialysis patients and can lead to several complications. Risk factors for IDH include demographic characteristics, comorbidities, dialysis procedure factors, and so on. Clinical studies on predictive models for dialysis-induced hypotension have shown inconsistent results. This systematic review aims to evaluate published prediction models for IDH, analyzing their characteristics, predictors, efficacy, and the methodological quality and applicability. The protocol has been prepared using the Preferred Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The systematic review protocol for IDH prediction in hemodialysis patients has been registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (INPLASY2023110081, DOI: 10.37766/inplasy2023.11.0081). A comprehensive search across five major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang) will be conducted for studies on prediction models of IDH among hemodialysis patients. Two researchers will independently screen literature, extract data, and evaluate the bias risk and applicability of included studies using prediction modelling study tools. This systematic review will provide critical insights into the efficacy and quality of reporting of the IDH model in hemodialysis patients. This will guide clinical staff in selecting the most appropriate IDH prediction model and inform future research endeavors in IDH prediction.
Fragmenting cripistemology: Gap movement and choreographic practice
Authors: Esteban Jose Miguel , Motley Elisabeth
Published: September 2024

This article attends to the creative process of our choreographic video essay, Mourning Movements (2023). Between the distances of Tkaranto (Toronto) and Lenapehoking (New York City), we explore approaches and methods for choreographic practice through gaps of space, time and differing corporealities. Theorizing our creative collaboration within these gaps, the methodological framework of fragmentation emerges as a network for disjointed choreographic sense-making. Refiguring our ‘gap’ movement as crip choreographic practice, we consider fragmentation as a basis for a choreography that embraces disability, distance, pauses and non-cohesion. We reflect on our practices of score-work, dance improvisation, audio-description, poetry, storytelling, theoretical provocation, text messaging, Zoom meetings and Google Doc harbouring to reveal our collaborative and care-full labour of creation. We offer a proposal of ‘fragmenting cripistemologies’ which considers fragmentation as reciprocal with disabled knowing and questioning or cripistemology. Our proposal imagines disability as a source for fugitive choreographic practice through which we can potentialize, refuse and reinterpret movement.
Evaluation of the Effect of 5-Fluorouracil in Combination with NAC and L-arginine in Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Invasion and Migration:

In Vitro
Authors: Paul Souvik
Published: September 2024

Chemoresistance, being a major challenge in breast cancer, and decreasing the harmful effects of chemotherapy on normal cells such as endothelial cells is a key aspect in therapeutic effectiveness. The goal of this study is to see how N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, and L-Arginine, an amino acid, work together with the cytotoxic medicine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to affect BAC cell invasion and migration.

In vitro cell culture experiments on BAC were carried out with or without NAC and L-Arginine. The MTT test was used to determine cell viability. VEGF analysis verified cell invasion and migration. The results demonstrated that NAC decreased VEGF levels due to its powerful anticancer effect. L-arginine enhanced 5-FU's impact on BAC by decreasing cell viability and boosting apoptosis. Furthermore, L-arginine reduced BAC metastatic capacity, which was supported by migration, invasion, and gene expression data on the cell line. Overall, our data strongly imply that L-arginine prevents 5-FU-induced cell death in BAC. The results showed that L-arginine enhanced the anticancer impact of 5-FU BAC. As a result, combination therapy with L-arginine and 5-FU might be regarded a successful approach in the treatment of breast cancer.
COMPARISON OF RESPIRATORY PREHABILITATION FOR IMPROVEMENT OF POSTSURGERY OUTCOMES IN MITRAL VALVE PATIENTS
Authors: Umar Dr Umama , Hussain Ahad , Tariq Komal , Tahir Ramesha , Tabassum Munaza
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Purpose : Mitral Valve surgical procedure is done to repair or replace the disease valve which causes numerous postoperative problems. To evaluate the effects of Prehabilitative Respiratory Muscle Training for improvement of post surgical Outcomes in mitral valve patients.

Methods: Quasi- experimental study , conducted at Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Sample size 40 patients, aged 25-50 years of both genders was undergo mitral valve replacement were selected and divided into two groups Group 1 (Respiratory Muscle Training Group) was received Respiratory muscle training consisting of 10-15 repetitions a day for 5 days ; for 3 weeks. Whereas Group 2 (Conventional Group) was receive breathing exercise consisting of 10-12 repetitions a day for 5 days; for 3 weeks. (HHQ-GP-1) was used as screening tool. In outcome measuring tools (EuroQol 5D-5L) , (NYHA), was used at baseline, 3
rd week and postoperatively. Duration of Postoperative Mechanical Ventilation (hours) and Hospital Stay was also noted as outcome measures of this study.

Results: Results obtained indicate that level of Self-Care in EuroQol-5-D-5L has improved in group 1 3.35±1.03 to 1.35±0.48 showing significant improvement similarly in case of Hospital Length of Stay, Mechanical ventilation 4.05
±0.68 to 5.05±0.51 and Pain 65.25±8.34 to 71.50±6.70 has improved.

Conclusion: It was concluded that Prehabilitative Respiratory Muscle Training effective in improving post surgical outcomes including self-care, reducing pain, Hospital Length of Stay and Mechanical Ventilation as compared to Conventional Muscle Treatment.

Keywords: Breathing, Exercise, Health-Related Quality Of Life, Muscle Training
Macular degeneration case report
Authors: Singh Maneesh
Published: September 2024

What makes this case noteworthy is the fact that this patient, who was homeless developed blindness in both eyes due to macular degeneration. This is due to the fact that he had no access to any sort of healthcare or even to basic resources such as proper shelter and food. This resulted in the deterioration of his overall health, including his eyes. If he had access to proper resources and healthcare, his severe macular degeneration could have been slowed or even prevented.
Follow up on case of Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis Acuta (PLEVA) after COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Singh Maneesh
Published: September 2024

This is a follow up on a case of PLEVA 2 weeks after COVID-19 vaccination. The patient in this case did not have any such rash or reaction prior to the vaccine. Following the vaccine, he had a major breakout of PLEVA (acute form)has since had minor episodes of the rash due to the PLC(chronic form). This case is noteworthy is that the patient now has the PLC (chronic form) after suffering the acute form of PLEVA following is COVID-19 vaccination. Further investigation this disease would be helpful to better understand the causes and treatments. While this is an unsightly rash, It should not discourage patients from receiving the COVID-19 vaccination.
The Faxinal System in the State of Paraná: a Review
Authors: Almeida Amanda Machado de , Antoneli Valdemir , Batista Marcelo , Thomaz Edivaldo Lopes
Published: September 2024

The Faxinal System is a traditional silvopastoral system located in fragments of Araucaria Forest in the state of Paraná (PR). In these areas, there is extensive animal husbandry between properties associated with the selective exploitation of forest resources. The Faxinal has been the subject of study by various branches of science, so new gaps and methods have emerged as research has progressed on the subject. To verify the evolution and new challenges of research on faxinals, a bibliometric review was carried out based on 125 articles collected by the Publish or Perish 8 program. The articles were organized according to the decade of publication (1980s; 1990s; 2000s; 2010s and early 2020s), the topic researched (economy, territory, cultural and environmental)and the geographical location of the faxinals. The number of articles on the Faxinal System has increased in recent decades, with a tendency for an even greater increase by 2029. Research has shown that, due to capitalist expansion,the strengthening of agribusiness and environmental problems, the Faxinal is failing to sustain itself in the traditional way and its long-term continuity is under threat. Considering this, we see the need for an integrated approach that promotes cooperation between the community, the private sector and government entities. In addition, initiatives aimed at research, education, training, technical support, and monitoring are fundamental to maintaining the Faxinal System, taking advantage of its sustainable potential.
Helena y Afrodita, atetizadas: los comentarios de Aristarco a Ilíada III, 395-418
Authors: Belelli Camila Lucía
Published: September 2024

El diálogo entre Helena y Afrodita en el canto III de la Ilíada despertó las sospechas de Aristarco de Samotracia, considerado el fundador de la filología moderna. El gramático atetizó los versos 396-418 y brindó cuatro argumentos como justificación. En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar atentamente sus razones, partiendo de la hipótesis de que estas están perfectamente direccionadas. Todas apuntan a elementos que no tienen precedente ni igual dentro del mundo homérico; aunque Aristarco no haya podido expresarlo en estos términos, el pasaje en cuestión es efectivamente extraño porque se aparta de las expectativas del código cultural griego arcaico.
Del tribunal al aula, y del aula al tribunal
Authors: Kostenwein Ezequiel
Published: September 2024

Este artículo busca analizar el funcionamiento de la institución judicial a partir de algunas representaciones que ofrecen los actores que trabajan en la justicia penal y además realizan actividades docentes. En concreto, exploramos aquello que les gusta y les disgusta a dichos actores respecto de la propia institución judicial junto a las intersecciones que se generan entre los tribunales y las aulas en las que dictan contenidos relacionados con el derecho.
Comentario a Ana Milena Passarelli: “La local: un estudio de jóvenes (y) policías en Quilmes”. Quilmes: UNQ Editorial, 2023.
Authors: Truchet Rocío María
Published: September 2024

reseña - no lleva
High throughput nanopore sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes from patient samples
Authors: A. Pater Adrian , S. Bosmeny Michael , A. White Adam , J. Sylvain Rourke , B. Eddington Seth , Parasrampuria Mansi , N. Ovington Katy , E. Metz Paige , O. Yinusa Abadat , L. Barkau Christopher , Chilamkurthy Ramadevi , W. Ben-zinger Scott , M. Hebert Madison. , T. Gagnon Keith
Published: September 2024

In late 2019, a novel coronavirus began spreading in Wuhan, China, causing a potentially lethal respiratory viral infection. By early 2020, the novel coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2, had spread globally, causing the COVID-19 pandemic. The infection and mutation rates of SARS-CoV-2 make it amenable to tracking introduction, spread and evolution by viral genome sequencing. Efforts to develop effective public health policies, therapeutics, or vaccines to treat or prevent COVID-19 are also expected to benefit from tracking mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here we describe a set of comprehensive working protocols, from viral RNA extraction to analysis using established visualization tools, for high throughput sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes using a MinION instrument. This set of protocols should serve as a reliable "how-to" reference for generating quality SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences with ARTIC primer sets and long-read nanopore sequencing technology. In addition, many of the preparation, quality control, and analysis steps will be generally applicable to other sequencing platforms.
Organic antimony compounds. Synthesis, structure, possibilities of practical application
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sharutin V.
Published: September 2024

Based on the analysis of the literature published mainly from 2020 to 2023, the methods of prep-aration have been systematized and described, together with some reactions, structural features of organic antimony compounds, and examples of their possible use.
Synthesis of powdered carbon composite nanomaterials by thermal decomposition of Fe(III) aromatic carboxylates.
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Tolstoguzov D. , Zherebtsov D. , Tarasov A. , Paladiy M.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the principal methods for obtaining carbon composite nanomaterials and highlights the thermolysis method as one of them. In order to understand the essence of thermal decomposition processes as a method for synthesis of carbon nanomaterials, aromatic iron(III) carboxylates have been considered. These are iron(III) 8-hydroxyquinolinate, benzoate, salicylate, phthalate, and p-aminobenzoate. The article discusses the procedure for the synthesis of these iron(III) carboxylates under standard conditions in detail. The thermal decomposition process was carried out in two media (air as oxidizing one and argon as neutral one) to compare the obtained products. For a detailed study of the processes of decomposition of iron(III) carboxylates, the thermal analysis methods (TG and DSC) were used on a Netzsch 449 Jupiter synchronous thermal analyzer. In order to study the morphology and composition of the products, X-ray phase analysis, optical and scanning electron microscopy, as well as X-ray fluorescence microanalysis were used. We used a Rigaku Ultima IV X-ray diffractometer and a scanning electron microscope with a Jeol JSM-7001F elemental microanalysis attachment. Based on the obtained results, the expected formulas of the initial iron(III) carboxylates were calculated. The mechanisms of the processes occurring during the thermal decomposition of iron(III) aromatic carboxylates were also proposed. For a more accurate determination of the composition of the synthesized iron(III) carboxylates and a more appropriate description of the processes of thermal decomposition of these salts, the corresponding aromatic carboxylic acids were also subjected to thermal decomposition. The appendix to the article contains the data for a more accurate interpretation of the results and a more detailed description of the thermal decomposition processes.
PEMETAAN ANCAMAN BENCANA TANAH LONGSOR BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Bener, Kecamatan Loano dan Kecamatan Kaligesing, Kabupaten Purworejo)
Authors: Aulia Fatah , Sasmito Bandi , Qoyimah Shofiyatul
Published: September 2024

Purworejo Regency is one of the districts in Central Java that often experiences natural disasters. Based on the Indonesian Disaster Risk Index, Purworejo Regency is in the high category or prone to natural disasters. Based on BPBD data from Purworejo Regency throughout 2021, Purworejo Regency often experiences landslides with high landslide intensity in Bener, Loano and Kaligesing Districts. This condition is the basis for this research as one of the disaster mitigation efforts in the sub-district area. This research is based on a Geographic Information System using Minister of Public Works Regulation No.22/PRT/M/2007 and AHP. Both methods were verified with landslide disaster event data. The results of landslide threat mapping based on Minister of Public Works Regulation No.22/PRT/M/2007 showed that the high zone threat was 6.67% or an area of 1,561,205 Ha, the medium zone was 77.52% or an area of 18,140,315 Ha, and 15.80% or an area of 3,698.145 Ha is in the low category. Meanwhile, the AHP results showed that the high threat area for landslides was 12.45% or an area of 2,913,889 Ha, the medium zone was 77.14%, or an area of 18,050,276 Ha, and 10.41% or an area of 2,435,500 Ha was in the low category.Keywords: Landslides, Permen PU No.22/PRT/M/2007, AHP
Sebaran Klorofil-a dan Material Padatan Tersuspensi (MPT) di Muara Sungai Loji, Pekalongan
Authors: Wardani Adella Eka , Zainuri Muhammad , Wulandari Sri Yulina , Rochaddi Baskoro
Published: September 2024

Aktivitas manusia di daratan, seperti kegiatan konversi lahan untuk pemukiman, pertanian, dan keberadaan industri di daratan dapat mempengaruhi adanya peningkatan masukan MPT yang terbawa oleh aliran sungai menuju ke laut. Salah satu sungai di Kabupaten Pekalongan yang terdampak adalah muara Sungai Loji. Masukan MPT yang tinggi tersebut dapat menyebabkan kekeruhan kolom perairan dan selanjutnya mempengaruhi fotosintesis fitoplankton, yang biomassanya dapat ditentukan melalui konsentrasi klorofil-a. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sebaran MPT dan klorofil-a hasil pengukuran lapangan pada musim timur serta menganalisis hubungan antara keduanya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 19 Juni 2022 dengan pengambilan sampel air untuk dianalisis klorofil-a dan MPT pada 11 titik stasiun penelitian. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan hasil penelitian di overlay menggunakan peta yang diunduh dari satelit Sentinel-2 dengan interpolasi spline with barrier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, konsentrasi klorofil-a berkisar antara 1,494 – 3,788 µg/L dan  konsentrasi MPT berkisar dari 57,73 – 70,27 mg/L. Sebaran klorofil-a dan MPT secara umum ditemukan lebih tinggi pada perairan dekat daratan dan secara perlahan menurun ke arah laut dan pola sebarannya dipengaruhi oleh arah pergerakan arus dan angin pada periode musim timur. Pola sebaran bergerak dari arah tenggara menuju ke barat laut. Hasil analisis korelasi antara MPT dan klorofil di muara Sungai Loji, menunjukkan hubungan yang negatif dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) kedua variabel sebesar 0,08. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa keberadaan MPT dapat mempengaruhi proses fotosintesis sehingga konsentrasi klorofil-a menjadi menurun.
Studi Pengaruh Siklon Tropis Flamboyan Terhadap Suhu Permukaan Laut Dan Klorofil-a Di Perairan Samudra Hindia Barat Daya Sumatra
Authors: Selkofa. M Warisatul Anbiya , Wirasatriya Anindya , Kunarso Kunarso
Published: September 2024

Siklon tropis flamboyan merupakan siklon tropis yang terjadi di perairan Samudra Hindia Barat Daya Sumatera tanggal 28 Aapril-3 Mei 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari siklon tropis flamboyan berdasarkan data kecepatan angin, curl, dan Ekman Pumping berupa data komponen angin permukaan dan hubungannya dengan pola persebaran Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Klorofil-a. Data komponen angin akan digunakan sebagai data yang mengidentifikasi pola kecepatan dan arah pergerakan dari siklon tropis flamboyan. Data curl digunakan untuk menunjang identifikasi pola rotasi siklon tropis dan ekman pumping digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi adanya upwelling. Data Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Klorofil-a akan di overlay dengan parameter angin permukaan yang kemudian dianalisis hubungannya. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketika terjadi siklon tropis Flamboyan, kecepatan angin akan meningkat mencapai 21 m/s dan menunjukkan pola pergerakan dari arah Timur Laut ke Barat Daya, kemudian berbelok cenderung ke arah Selatan. Hubungan ketika terjadi siklon tropis Flamboyan antara pola arus dengan Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Klorofil-a ditunjukkan dengan kecepatan angin yang meningkat dan pola rotasi curl bernilai positif kuat, konsentrasi Suhu Permukaan Laut akan menurun dan konsentrasi Klorofil-a akan meningkat karena adanya upwelling  akibat mekanisme ekman Pumping kuat.
Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Seng (Zn) Pada Sedimen Di Perairan Kabupaten Batang
Authors: Nata Muhammad Azizi Dirgantara Buana , Muslim Muslim , Maslukah Lilik
Published: September 2024

Wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Batang dimanfaatkan untuk menjadi tambak, pemukiman, kawasan wisata, industri, dan sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). aktivitas antropogenik di wilayah pesisir dapat meningkatkan kandungan logam berat. Salah satu sumber pencemar logam berat adalah limbah yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran batubara memiliki kandungan logam berat yang berbahaya untuk lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui konsentrasi logam berat timbal (Pb) dan seng (Zn) di dalam sedimen di perairan Kabupaten Batang dan hubungannya dengan jenis sedimen. Wilayah penelitian terletak pada 109°48'32,95" - 109°48'14,01" BT dan 6°53'59,15" - 6°53'15,40" LS. Data yang digunakan adalah sedimen dasar perairan Kabupaten Batang yang diambil pada September 2022. Analisis kandungan logam berat Pb dan Zn diperoleh dengan serapan atom dengan menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kandungan logam berat Pb berkisar antara 3,62 – 8,11 mg/Kg dengan rata-rata sebesar 5,07 mg/Kg dan kandungan logam berat Zn berkisar antara 20,97 – 45,45 mg/Kg dengan rata-rata sebesar 28,32 mg/Kg. Sebaran sedimen dasar perairan didominasi ukuran pasir dan lanau. Adapun jenis sedimen dasar perairan tidak mempengaruhi kandungan logam berat pada sedimen dasar.
Potensi OTEC Sebagai Sumber Energi Bersih Masa Depan IKN Menuju Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Wijayanto Mirda Prisma , Zakia Zulfa Siti
Published: September 2024

Peningkatan suhu permukaan air laut telah membuka peluang inovasi bagi para peneliti untuk mengembangkan sumber energi bersih baru yang bersumber dari panas laut yang dikenal sebagai Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). Dalam penelitian ini dianalisis potensi OTEC sebagai energi bersih baru di Indonesia. Sebagai batasan penelitian, sasaran implementasi OTEC dipilih di wilayah perairan Kalimantan Timur yang merupakan lokasi terdekat dengan Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN). Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis karakteristik suhu permukaan laut, analisis pembangkit energi, dan analisis ekologi dari pembangunan OTEC. Berdasarkan karakteristik suhu permukaan laut, didapatkan bahwa nilai efisiensi rata – rata OTEC adalah 6,95%. Berdasarkan analisis pembangkitan energi didapatkan bahwa OTEC di perairan Kalimantan Timur berpotensi menghasilkan daya listrik sebesar 7.720 kW dengan total biaya produksi sebesar Rp526,29/kWh. Berdasarkan analisis ekologi, didapatkan bahwa salah satu dampak negatif pembangunan OTEC adalah pembuangan air laut yang kaya nutrisi dalam volume besar berpotensi menimbulkan fenomena ganggang mekar sehingga dapat menyebabkan kematian massal bagi ikan dan biota laut lainnya. Kedepannya, OTEC diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu sumber energi bersih baru bagi IKN di masa depan menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan.
The Effect of Mole Ratio Natural-CaCO₃/KF in the Synthesis of KCaF₃ Perovskite Base Catalyst
Authors: Nurcahyo I. F. , Heraldy Eddy , Cahyaningsih Suciana Nur , Rahmawati Fitria , Nugrahaningtyas Khoirina Dwi , Hidayat Yuniawan , Larasati Firanda
Published: September 2024

The KCaF3 perovskite catalyst was successfully synthesized by reacting limestone (natural-CaCO3) with potassium fluoride (KF). The synthesis of the KCaF3 catalyst was conducted with several variations in the mole ratio of CaCO3 to KF (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). The research results showed that the addition of KF can affect the characteristics of the catalyst. The optimal catalyst is the KCaF3 catalyst with a mole ratio variation of 1:3. X-ray diffractometer analysis revealed that the highest KCaF3 phase composition reached 74.05%, while thermogravimetric analysis indicated a CaCO3 concentration of 34.50%. Surface Area Analyzer analysis shows that KCaF3 has the largest surface area, which is 187.1 m2/g. This catalyst efficiently facilitated the transesterification of palm oil, yielding 93.4% biodiesel.
Pedagogické myšlení studentů oboru Dramatická výchova
Authors: Tomková Anna
Published: September 2024

Cílem studie je deskripce koncepce pedagogických předmětů v přípravě budoucích pedagogů a obraz pedagogického myšlení studentů na vysoké umělecké škole, konkrétně v oboru Dramatická výchova na katedře výchovné dramatiky na DAMU v Praze. Studie představuje koncepci předmětů Pedagogika a Aktuální otázky pedagogiky a didaktiky a ukotvuje význam pojmu pedagogické myšlení. Obraz pedagogického myšlení studentů oboru je popsán na základě analýzy terénních poznámek učitele, průběžných a závěrečných výstupů a sebereflexe dvaceti sedmi studentů oboru. Studie dokládá, že studenti umělecko-pedagogického oboru uvažují v souvislosti všech komponent celistvého a otevřeného přístupu k výchovně-vzdělávacímu procesu a vztahů mezi nimi a že v centru jejich hlavního zájmu je péče o dítě, jeho tvořivost a vztahy s druhými. Ukazuje, že většina studentů se cítí být v porozumění pedagogickým otázkám „na cestě“ a že řada z nich sama aktivně přispívá k prozkoumávání inspirativních cest výchovy a vzdělávání a k prolínání pedagogiky a umění.
Influences of the Literary Canon: Statistical Analysis of High School Reading Lists in the Czech Republic
Authors: Hrdličková Marcela , Křápek Milan
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on the analysis of the school lists of literary works for the graduation exam, which were published for the exam in the school year 2019/2020. The aim of this pilot study is to determine if there is a relation between school lists and the state-certified list, which is also a determining factor for the graduation exam in the Czech language and literaure. Questions regarding the influence of the school list on the success rate of the graduation exam or the relation between the type of school and the size of the list and the graduation exam are also discussed. We analyze the lists from 72 schools from the South Moravian Region in the Czech Republic. In total, we are dealing with 7 551 items, on which the correlation analysis, regression analysis and cluster analysis are applied.
Ctirad and Šárka. Comparative analysis of selected aspects of the style of historical epics by Jaroslav Vrchlický and Julius Zeyer
Authors: Schacherl Martin
Published: September 2024

The aim of the paper is a comparative analysis of selected aspects of the singular styles of the historical epics Šárka by Jaroslav Vrchlický (1853–1912) and Ctirad Julius Zeyer (1841–1901); classical authors of Czech literature from the so-called Lumira generation of the second half of the 19th century. The juxtaposition of thematically similar texts allowed for a more pronounced identification of the characteristic features of the singular styles of both poets, possibly the specificity of their historical and mythic epic poetry, ideally the stylistic dominance of the authorial styles of Jaroslav Vrchlický and Julius Zeyer in mutual comparison. In order to achieve the set objectives, the methods of comparative and mathematical stylistics were used.
Time is playing with what happened yesterday. The Czech Literary Response to The Holocaust. The Overview (1945–1989)
Authors: Kowalska-Nadolna Urszula
Published: September 2024

The article provides an overview of the history of Czech literary representations of the Holocaust (with particular emphasis on prose) in the second half of the twentieth century, the period of the so-called Cold War (1945–1989). The author tries to show the sinusoidal presence of reflection on the Shoah experience in the works written by Czech writers, depending on the political situation and current artistic trends.
O aktualności nastrojów melancholicznych w ponowoczesnej literaturze czeskiej
Authors: Gawarecka Anna
Published: September 2024

Literatura czeska w Polsce kojarzona bywa przede wszystkim z pełnym dystansu – ironicznym i/lub humorystycznym, ale jednocześnie pobłażliwym i skłonnym do akceptowania „zastanego kształtu świata” we wszystkich jego przejawach podejściem do rzeczywistości. Innymi słowy, nie łączy się jej zazwyczaj z ekspresją nastrojów pesymistycznych, nastawionych na eksponowanie negatywnych aspektów bytu. Obraz ten, zdeformowany czy raczej radykalnie zredukowany, choć zarazem korespondujący z jednym z wariantów czeskiej autoimagologii, wymaga swoistego od- kłamania czy przynajmniej uzupełnienia. Obejrzenie tej kultury od innej, „ciemniejszej”, strony i odnalezienie w niej odmiennej perspektywy aksjologicznej okazuje się zatem dogodnym narzędziem rewaloryzacji i – w efekcie – może przyczynić się do wypracowania i rozpowszechnienia jej bardziej złożonego opisu, który uwzględniałby różnorodne modele emocjonalnego stosunku do rzeczywistości i pozwolił na wytyczenie nowych tropów badawczych. Pobieżne nawet prześledzenie czeskiej literatury, zarówno publikowanej w ostatnich latach, jak i pochodzącej z czasów dawniejszych (Haška i Hrabala nie wyłączając) dowodzi zresztą, że nie tylko nie unika ona wyrażania negatywnego światoodczucia, lecz także nierzadko czyni z niego pierwszoplanowy „znak rozpoznawczy” swego noetycznego stanowiska.
Improving the productivity and profitability of maize (Zea mays L.) using optimum blended inorganic fertilization
Authors: Daemo Berhanu Bilate , Bore Wolancho Getahun , Ashango Zeleke
Published: September 2024

There is limited information on the best NPSB rate for maize production. Thus, the study aimed to determine the optimal NPSB fertilizer dose for maximizing maize yield and profitability. The nine treatments that included 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 NPSB kg ha−1 were tested using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that increasing NPSB application significantly influenced maize plant height, ear height, hundred-seed weight, aboveground biomass yield, and grain yield. Specifically, the application of 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPSB consistently produced the tallest plants, highest ear heights, heaviest hundred-seed weights, and maximum aboveground biomass and grain yields across both sites. Economic analysis revealed that the 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPSB earned the highest net benefits and marginal rates of return, indicating its economic viability for smallholder farmers. Beyond 150 kg ha⁻¹, further increases in NPSB did not enhance yield or economic returns significantly. These findings underscore the importance of balanced fertilization for maximizing maize productivity and profitability while ensuring efficient resource use and environmental sustainability. Implementing optimized fertilizer practices with 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPSB can empower farmers in the study area and similar agroecological zones to achieve sustainable maize production and economic success.