bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrition of Florida Citrus Trees, 3rd Edition: Chapter 4. Soil and Leaf Tissue Testing
Authors: Obreza Thomas A. , Zekri Mongi , Hanlon Edward A.
Published: May 2020

The information provided in the 2008 2nd edition is still sound for healthy citrus trees under Florida production conditions. Much of the information provided in this document on nutrients, application methods, leaf and soil sampling and irrigation scheduling are also effective for huanglongbing (HLB) affected citrus trees. However, research conducted since HLB was detected in Florida in 2005 has established changes in many production practices, including nutrient rates, irrigation scheduling, soil pH management, and use of Citrus Under Protective Screen (CUPS). Changes to the 2nd edition of SL253 will appear in boxes similar to this one at the beginnings of chapters 2, 6, 8, 9, and 11.
How to Properly Dispose of Unwanted Medications
Authors: Reisinger Alexander Joseph
Published: May 2020

Properly disposing of expired or unused medications can help reduce the prevalence of prescription drug abuse in Florida. It also helps prevent accidental ingestion by children or pets, helps prevent accidentally taking the wrong medication, and prevents medications from entering water sources. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences provides some dos and don’ts for disposing of your medications. Written by Alexander J. Reisinger.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss680
White-tailed Deer of Florida
Authors: Boughton Raoul K , Wight Bethany Rose , Wisely Samantha , Hood Karen , Main Martin B
Published: May 2020

The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is the most economically important big game mammal in North America and Florida. This 12-page fact sheet written by Raoul K. Boughton, Bethany Wight, Samantha Wisely, Karen Hood, and Martin B. Main and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation provides an overview of the various subspecies of white-tailed deer with populations in Florida and describes their history, biology, and management.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw121
Florida Agritourism Building and Fire Codes
Authors: Henry Mary Beth , Stofer Kathryn A
Published: May 2020

Agritourism marries Florida’s two largest industries, tourism and agriculture, to provide an on-farm recreational experience for consumers. Although Florida trails many other states in the number of agritourism operations, the number of Florida farms offering recreational experiences more than doubled from 2007 to 2012. This new 4-page document describes building codes relevant to Florida agritourism operations. Written by Mary Beth Henry and Kathryn A. Stofer, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural Education and Communication.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/wc349
A companion document, Florida’s Agritourism Laws, EDIS publication AEC623, Florida’s Agritourism Laws, http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/wc285, discusses Florida Statutes related to definitions, liability protections, and limits to regulatory authority of local governments over bona fide agricultural operations engaged in agritourism.
Inorganic Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Abrahamse Heidi , Montaseri Hanieh , Kruger Cherie
Published: May 2020

The application of porphyrins and their derivatives have been investigated extensively over the past years for phototherapy cancer treatment. Phototherapeutic Porphyrins have the ability to generate high levels of reactive oxygen with a low dark toxicity and these properties have made them robust photosensitizing agents. In recent years, Porphyrins have been combined with various nanomaterials in order to improve their bio-distribution. These combinations allow for nanoparticles to enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) cancer treatment and adding additional nanotheranostics (photothermal therapy—PTT) as well as enhance photodiagnosis (PDD) to the reaction. This review examines various porphyrin-based inorganic nanoparticles developed for phototherapy nanotheranostic cancer treatment over the last three years (2017 to 2020). Furthermore, current challenges in the development and future perspectives of porphyrin-based nanomedicines for cancer treatment are also highlighted.
Enthalpy, entropy, and temperature of the phase change liquid-gas – An analysis of data of 719 materials regarding systematic correlations
Authors: MEHLING HARALD
Published: May 2020

In this paper, literature data of 719 materials on the enthalpy of evaporation hv and boiling temperature Tb, including calculated entropy of evaporation sv, have been analyzed regarding systematic correlations in phase change liquid-gas. It has been observed that several groups of materials exist that form clusters with an almost linear correlation in an hv – sv/R graph. One such cluster is formed by the metallic elements. A second cluster is formed by the halogens, the noble gases, and most of the diatomic molecules. A third cluster is formed by the linear alcanes. The knowledge about these clusters can be used to improve rules to predict certain values like in group-contribution methods, and maybe also to identify a common microscopic origin. Additionally, the analysis has shown that many materials have sv/R deviating significantly from the Trouton constant. Deviations are more frequent to higher values, and deviations are more pronounced in compounds with few atoms. A chemical reaction upon evaporation has been identified in 12 cases; the formation of larger compounds upon condensation seems to be the main reason for exceptionally high values of sv/R. The analysis thus led to a deeper understanding of the physical and chemical origins on the atomic and molecular level.
Critical behaviour of binary mixtures: Calculation by the Heidemann-Khalil method
Authors: GRINE HICHEM , MADANI HAKIM , FEDALI SAIDA
Published: May 2020

The critical temperature and critical pressure are two important parameters to characterize a particular fluid. In this paper, we have studied the critical points of 24 binary mixtures containing hydrocarbon derivatives, carbon dioxide and alcohols. Computations were performed using the Heidemann-Khalil method, combined with the following equations of state (Eos): van der Waals (vdW), Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and Peng-Robinson (PR). The Newton-Raphson method was used to solve a set of nonlinear equations in three independent variables (molar fraction x, temperature T and volume V). Comparisons between predicted and available reference data are given to evaluate the accuracy of the thermodynamic model employed. The average absolute relative error (AARE) of the simulated data was less than 0.2% for critical temperature and 3% for critical pressure. A good agreement has been found between model prediction and reference data.
Theoretical study of Specific heat and thermal conductivity variation in nanomaterials
Authors: RAWAT KOMAL , GOYAL MONIKA
Published: May 2020

In the present paper, the authors study the specific heat dependence on shape, size and dimension of the nanomaterials. Using an analytic quantitative model for melting temperature, the expression of specific heat for nanomaterials is deduced. Further, the model is extended to study the shape, size and dimension effect on thermal conductivity of nanoparticles. Phonon scattering term is taken into consideration for calculation of thermal conductivity of nanomaterial to explain the roughness and scattering effect on thermal property. The specific heat is observed to increase from model calculations as size of the nanomaterial decreases. However, the thermal conductivity in nanoparticles is observed to decrease with size decrement of nanoparticle. It is observed that inclusion of phonon scattering term help to better understand the variation in thermal conductivity. The variation in specific heat and thermal conductivity with size is determined for spherical, regular tetrahedral, octahedral nanoparticles, cylindrical and hexagonal nanowires and nanofilms. The results calculated from model are in good consistency with the available experimental and simulated results and help to judge the suitability of the present model.
James McNeill Whistler. De Valparaíso a Venecia: un viaje de ida y vuelta
Authors: Cross Gantes Amalia , Ogaz Sotomayor Julieta
Published: May 2020

Este artículo aborda la experiencia del pintor James McNeill Whistler durante su estadía en Valparaíso en 1866 y las obras que allí realizó, con el objetivo de indagar el efecto que tuvo este viaje en su obra y explorar su posible influencia en el arte chileno. Se trata de un avance de un proyecto de investigación que gira en torno a la pregunta por los viajes en la historia del arte, a través de imágenes, libros y documentos que dan cuenta de relaciones —reversibles, a destiempo o cruzadas; de movilidad, intercambios e influencias— más complejas, con múltiples direcciones y en diversos sentidos.
Descriptions of God
Authors: Woodlee John
Published: May 2020

This paper uses the lessons gathered from a brief consideration of the workings of substantive descriptive phrases to develop two objections to Anselm’s ontological proof of God’s existence. First, one’s understanding of the definition of God does not, as Anselm claims, guarantee that God exists in one’s understanding. Second, the proof depends on a flawed interpretation of the denial of God’s existence. The paper concludes by discussing the broader significance of this second objection.
In Defense of Strong AI
Authors: Baron Corey
Published: May 2020

This paper argues against John Searle in defense of the potential for computers to understand language (“Strong AI”) by showing that semantic meaning is itself a second-order system of rules that connects symbols and syntax with extralinguistic facts. Searle’s Chinese Room Argument is contested on theoretical and practical grounds by identifying two problems in the thought experiment, and evidence about “machine learning” is used to demonstrate that computers are already capable of learning to form true observation sentences in the same way humans do. Finally, sarcasm is used as an example to extend the argument to more complex uses of language
Relational Obligations
Authors: Farmer Thomas Jared
Published: May 2020

This paper attempts to demonstrate that special responsibilities exist as a necessary and fundamental component of relationships. It seeks to show that, while special responsibilities may be superseded by other relevant concerns, they remain absolute. The paper attempts to demonstrate further that, even in cases of repugnant conclusion, special responsibilities exhibit a residual nature. It argues that such obligations are not always voluntary entered, but nevertheless represent prima facie duties to those parties involved.
The Universe Began to Exist?
Authors: McAllister Blake
Published: May 2020

William Lane Craig offers two philosophical arguments for the conclusion that the universe began to exist. To be compelling, these arguments must not only be sound—we must also have reasons to believe that they are sound. I determine that these arguments do not provide such reasons to many individuals. The arguments ultimately rely on supposedly intuitively obvious absurdities. However, if one fails to seethese ostensible absurdities—as many philosophers do—then for her, Craig’s arguments lack all epistemic force.
Gettiering Goldman
Authors: Stalkfleet Kenneth
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the causal theory of knowledge put forth by Alvin Goldman in his 1967 paper “A Causal Theory of Knowing.” Goldman contends that a justified, true belief is knowledge if and only ifit is causally connected to the fact that makes it true. This paper provides examples, however, of justified, true beliefs with such causal connections that are clearly not knowledge. The paper further shows that attempts to salvage the causal theory are unsatisfactory.
Carruthers and Constitutive Self-Knowledge
Authors: Hill John C.
Published: May 2020

In his recent book, The Opacity of Mind, Peter Carruthers advances a skeptical theory of self-knowledge, integrating results from experimental psychology and cognitive science.1 In this essay, I want to suggest that the situation is not quite as dire as Carruthers makes it out to be. I respond to Carruthers by advancing a constitutive theory of self-knowledge. I argue that self-knowledge, so understood, is not only compatible with the empirical research that Carruthers utilizes, but also helps to make sense of these results.
Not So Innocent
Authors: Davanger Oda Storbråten
Published: May 2020

Leibniz seeks to establish the tenability of faith and reason in his moral philosophy through a tripod of thought, consisting of 1) fundamental human goodness; 2) human error in judgment; and 3) that God is just. A difficulty arises concerning how God can justly punish human beings if they always will what is Good. By considering akrasia, which occurs when error is committed despite its clear nonconformity with the Good, and examining the Leibnizian concept of “judgment,” Leibniz’s tripod can be upheld.
An Examination of Disgust and Its Relation to Morality
Authors: Wood Jessa
Published: May 2020

In his book Yuck!: The Nature and Moral Significance of Disgust, Daniel Kelly synthesizes a growing body of research on disgust and briefly explores the philosophical role of the emotion. This paper presents arguments for the position that disgust should not be considered a source of moral knowledge, a position that Kelly suggests but fails to illustrate. The paper also explores implications of this view, specifically concerning the ways we should seek to manipulate our disgust reactions in order to improve moral reasoning.
Defending a Benefit-Based Approach to Compensation for Necessary Losses
Authors: Ferrick Brandon
Published: May 2020

This paper examines cases when compensation follows from necessary actions that cause harm. I posit that we can determine when compensation is due in instances of necessity by referring to the distribution of benefits and losses that result from the action.
Duality Unresolved and Darwinian Dilemmas
Authors: Tullis Anson
Published: May 2020

By using Sharon Street’s Darwinian Dilemma, Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek and Peter Singer attempt to show that Sidgwick’s duality of practical reason, whereby an agent has equal reason to act in their own interests or act impartially for the benefit of all, is not actually a duality; rather, reasons for action are solely impartial due to the unreliability of intuitions favoring self-interested behavior. I argue that Lazari Radek and Singer fail to accomplish their goal. I argue that Singer has previously provided an account of impartiality that makes it just as unreliable on the same grounds as self-interested tendencies. Sidgwick’s duality remains unresolved.
The Intersections between Self-Deception and Inconsistency
Authors: Bahnmiller Hannah
Published: May 2020

The relationship between the concepts of bad faith, coined by Jean-Paul Sartre, and cognitive dissonance, developed by Leon Festinger, is often misunderstood. Frequently, the terms are over-generalized and equivocated as synonymous ideas. This paper attempts to clarify the intricacies of these two concepts, outlining their similarities and differences.
KARAKTERISTIK ROTI TAWAR SUBTITUSI TEPUNG KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lamk.)
Authors: Yustina Wuri Wulandari Novita Sari Aryani, Akhmad Mustofa &
Published: May 2020

Roti tawar adalah suatu jenis makanan yang dibuat dari minimal empat macam bahan yaitu tepung terigu,air, ragi dan garam yang dicampur menjadi satu membentuk suatu adonan dan selanjutnya difermentasi dandipanggang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui presentase rasio tepung komposit (terigu-kentang) denganpenambahan tepung kelor sehingga menghasilkan roti tawar yang memiliki protein paling optimal dandisukai konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri 2 faktor denganmasing-masing 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu tepung terigu dan tepung kentang sedangkan faktor keduatepung daun kelor sehingga diperoleh perlakuan 900:100:10, 900:100:20, 900:100:30, 800:200:10, 800:200:20,800:200:30, 800:200:30, 700:300:10, 700:300:20 dan 700:300:30. Hasil penelitian terbaik menunjukan bahwakombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi tepung terigu:tepung kentang:tepung daun kelor 900:100:20 g didasarkanpada kadar protein paling tinggi dan organoleptik terbaik yang terdapat pada roti tawar. Pada perlakuan inidihasilkan kadar air 41,53%, kadar abu 8,62%, kadar protein 8,62%, kadar lemak 2,26%, kadar karbohidrat46,39%, volume pengembangan 145,36%, serta uji organoleptik terhadap warna 1,97 hijau, flavor kelor 2,44terasa, flavor kentang 1,62 terasa, tekstur lembut 3,03 lembut dan kesukaan keseluruhan 2,51 disukai.Kata kunci: Roti tawar, tepung daun kelor, tepung kentang, subtitusi.
深基坑支护施工技术在土建基础施工中的应用探讨
Authors: 刘 欢
Published: May 2020

近年来，在我国全面推进改革开放工作的带动下，使得科学技术水平得到了全面的提升，从而使得大量的新型建筑工程施工技术被研发出来，并在实践中加以运用取得了显著的成效。城市化建设工作大范围的铺展开来，从而使得城市土地资源匮乏的问题越发的凸显出来，为了能够提升土地资源的利用效率大量的高层建筑应时而生，建筑结构高度的不断提升，为了保证结构整体稳定性，那么就需要提升建筑结构的土建基础结构的深度，所以我们要在实际开展工程施工工作的过程中，综合各方面实际情况挑选恰当的技术来保证土建基础结构的稳定性。鉴于此，本文结合笔者工作经验，分析了排桩支护施工技术、钢板桩支护施工技术、桩锚结构施工技术、地下连续墙施工技术等常用深基坑支护施工技术，指出了施工中存在的各种问题，最后给出针对性的改进建议和优化措施，希望能够对土建工程施工质量的不断提升有所帮助。
我国普通国省干线公路养护管理措施探究
Authors: 任 亚玲
Published: May 2020

在当前时期，国内经济呈现出良好的发展态势，普通国省干线公路建设工作也在持续进行，为了保证公路的作用能够充分发挥出来，相关的养护管理工作一定要切实做到位。通过养护管理可以使得公路保持正常的通行，养护行车安全也能够得到切实保证。当然，在展开公路养护时，必须要切实提高专业化、机械化程度，同时要将养护工作逐步推向市场。从我们国家的现状来看，人工养护依然存在，这和国省干线公路的养护需求是存在差距的。在展开人工养护的过程中，将相关的机械设备予以充分利用，可以使得养护作业的整体质量有大幅提升，质量也可得到保证，而且可以使得投入的资金控制在合理范围内。在时代发展速度持续加快之际，必须要对公路养护体制予以革新，确保和时代、市场发展是相同步的，使得国省干线公路维护能够真正实现市场化。
交通工程管理存在的问题及解决方案研究
Authors: 赵 会全
Published: May 2020

在当前的道路工程项目的建造施工的过程中，要想确保工程项目的建造保持一个较高的水准和质量，必须要不断地加强工程项的施工管理，在这个环节，要对整个工程项目的施工技术的选择，施工工序，工程项目的建造细节以及工程项目的维护保养进行深入系统的管理和控制，进而保障工程项目的建造施工的质量符合工程设计方案的标准，可以说，工程项目的建造施工的总体管理情况直接影响到整个工程项目的建造施工的质量和水平，特别是工程项目的建设质量直接影响到工程使用的寿命和安全。我们都知道，建设道路交通工程项目的时候，质量和安全事非常关键的，如果工程项目的质量不符合标准要求，那么在使用的时候就可能会出现很多安全隐患甚至是严重的安全事故，因此，如何针对工程项目的建造施工建立一个科学合理的、实用系统的工程质量管理体系，保证道路工程项目的建造施工的质量和安全，形成一个高效率、高水准的工程项目质量控制方案，就必须首先全面的梳理和分析工程项目建设施工的每一个关键的步骤和环节，并且做好施工的管理工作，这样可以建造更高质量、更高水平的道路工程项目，为交通运输行业的发展打下坚实的基础。
Optimizing the Marketing Strategies of Qantas Airways and Thai Airways
Authors: Heiets Iryna , Prakittachakul Varit
Published: May 2020

First, we revisit the concepts of airline marketing strategy, its components, code-share agreements, Business Model Canvas (BMC) and the benefits of marketing via strategic alliances. Due to the growth in the low-cost airlines sector and air transport passengers, traditional airlines have become increasingly exposed to a highly competitive international market, with airfares having to be reduced and efficiency increased. In response, airline companies have shifted their focus to investing in airline marketing and strategy research. In the meantime, passenger expectations change, and markets evolve rapidly. Hence, this case study is aimed at examining recent trends in passenger satisfaction and expectations, with reference to the marketing factors and airline cooperative strategies of Qantas and Thai Airways. For the study, both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed and the results are presented separately. In the quantitative section, the BMCs of Qantas and Thai Airways are discussed to determine whether these two airlines can implement the code-sharing agreement. In the following part, customer satisfaction and expectations survey results are used to identify optimal marketing strategies and to formulate recommendations.
Mobile technologies in library work: foreign experience
Authors: Savitskaya T. E.
Published: May 2020

The current foreign trends of library informatization based on mobile technologies, radical information personalization and diversification of user auditorium are examined. The study is novel in that the author investigates into the current trends in foreign librarianship like advance of mobile sites, services based on augmented reality interfaces and RFID method. The author emphasizes that optimization based on mobile technologies is being accomplished in scientific and public libraries – leaders of the digital revolution but also in the major libraries of the developing states. The modern library practice abroad is analyzed: the mobile versions of www-sites and catalogs and applications; resources for mobile devices are being designed and implemented; new services with mobile interfaces are offered. Mobile-based service features, like trans-border and instant access, time saving, absence of spatial constraints are discussed. The role of mobile technologies in transforming library services in the developing states as the chance to overcome the increasing digital gap is emphasized.
The future for the libraries: Information or communication
Authors: Gildebrant G. V.
Published: May 2020

The findings of two sociological surveys held in Arkhangelsk in 2017-2018 are discussed: expert interviews “The thoughts on the future of libraries” and the poll “What are the libraries needed for?”. The administrators and experienced librarians, professors in library sciences and other specialists of the library sphere in several Russian regions took on the role of experts. The author summarizes their views on the current status of libraries, and suggests forecasts and recommendations for the future to all interested players: i.e. librarians, library administration, the ministry, and users. Over 500 Arkhangelsk residents participated in the online poll. The respondents are over 18 year-old age, and the survey appears to be representative in terms of gender and age. The topics under discussion are: frequency of visits to the library, relevancy of library services, user pre­ferences. The Arkhangesk residents’ satisfaction with library services is evaluated; their attitude toward closing libraries is revealed, residents’ reviews are cited. Based on the survey findings, the collective portrait of opposite groups — frequent-goers and non-goers is described. The professional library community and the users contend that the libraries are highly demanded in the modern society.
Результаты натурных огневых испытаний центрифугированных железобетонных колонн кольцевого сечения
Authors: Полевода Иван , Нехань Денис
Published: May 2020

Цель. Оценить огнестойкость и поведение под совместной температурно-силовой нагрузкой центрифугированных железобетонных колонн кольцевого сечения путем проведения натурных экспериментальных исследований.

Методы. Проведение натурных огневых испытаний колонн в составе фрагмента каркасного здания. Визуальное наблюдение за поведением колонн в процессе испытаний. Измерение температур огневой газовой среды, арматуры, бетона на внутренней поверхности колонн, в том числе в месте узла соединения с монолитным перекрытием. Измерение температуры и избыточного давления газовой среды в полости колонн.

Результаты. Получены экспериментальные зависимости изменения температур арматуры, бетона на внутренней поверхности колонн, в том числе в месте узла соединения с монолитным перекрытием. Получен характер изменения температуры и избыточного давления в полости колонн. Выявлено, что стенки центрифугированных железобетонных колонн со свободной воздушной полостью имеют более высокую скорость прогрева, чем стенки с монолитной шпонкой в полости. Существенное влияние нарастающего давления газовой среды в полости колонн на их несущую способность не зафиксировано. Взрывообразное разрушение бетона колонн в ходе испытаний не зафиксировано. Разрушение одной из колонн в процессе огневых испытаний произошло в средней части высоты после образования магистральных трещин, направленных под углом 75–80º к продольной оси конструкции, и нарастание деформаций изгиба. Фактический предел огнестойкости опытных центрифугированных железобетонных колонн кольцевого сечения при внецентренно приложенной нагрузке в 18,25 т составил R60.

Область применения исследований. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при определении теплофизических характеристик центрифугированного бетона и разработке расчетной модели огнестойкости центрифугированных железобетонных колонн кольцевого сечения.
Ways of cross-media research formation
Authors: Heneraliuk Lesia
Published: May 2020

The paper offers to extend the historical time frame of modern cross-media studies formation. The start of this research direction dates not from the 1950-60s, as it is usually considered to be, but from the early 20th century, the ‘synthesis epoch’. Development of neosyncretism was accompanied by creating bright theories in aesthetics and art criticism and promoting the concept of arts’ interaction by the humanities. Three scholars — H. Wolfin, M. Dessoir, and A. Warburg were the pioneers of the modern interdisciplinary research field. The author considers that the range of influences on the cross-media studies in literary criticism should be broadened with the works of philosophers and art critics who started to use the cross-media strategies (not the term itself) when analyzing the works of literature and arts. The leading role belonged to the Iconology school (E. Panofsky, R. Wittkower, E. Gombrich et al.). Their methods were based on applying tools of various disciplines. In the first place, they took into account connections between literature and visual arts. Henceforth, philology interpolated the iconological method into visual and comparative studies. One of the contemporary leading cross-media researchers, W. J. T. Mitchell, named his first book “Iconology: Image, Text, Ideology” (1986).

In the middle of the 20th century, philosophy had a considerable influence on the cross-media research formation. In particular, literary critics referred to phenomenology (the works by M. Dufrenne, R. Ingarden. M. Merleau-Ponty) and actualized the analysis of interacting arts once more. A visual turn in culture caused growing attention to the issues of apperceptive cross-sensual experience. The newest works in the fields of perception psychology, gestalt psychology, neurolinguistics, and neurophysiology also support the general cross-media theory. It is possible that, due to the mutual influences of sciences, a uniform platform for studying syncretic phenomena will be created.
İkinci Dünya Savaşı Sonrası Türk Modernleşmesindeki Aks Değişiminin İzleri: Hür Fikirler Mecmuası
Authors: SUCU İlyas
Published: May 2020

II. Dünya Savaşı ertesi değişen uluslararası konjonktürle birlikte Türkiye’de Kemalist modernleşme sorgulanmaya başlanmış, demokratikleşme yönünde yeni bir sürece girilmiştir. Bu süreçte liberal/muhafazakâr söylemler eleştiri ve önerilerini daha güçlü bir şekilde ifade etme imkânı bulmuşlardır. Böylesi bir konjonktürde Ali Fuad Başgil ve Ahmet Emin Yalman’ın öncülüğünde bir grup fikir adamı tarafından 1947 yılında Hür Fikirleri Yayma Cemiyeti kurulmuş ve cemiyetin yayın organı olarak da Hür Fikirler Mecmuası yayınlanmıştır. Mecmua, cemiyet kadar uzun ömürlü olamasa da -1948 ve 1949 yıllarında 11 nüsha yayınlanmıştır- yayınlandığı dönemin siyasal bağlamı dikkate alındığında ve ayrıca ele aldığı meseleler ve bu meseleleri ele alış biçimi itibariyle oldukça etkilidir. Bu incelemede, kimi kaynaklarda Cumhuriyet dönemi liberal düşünce geleneğinde ilk sivil hareketi olarak da ifade edilen Hür Fikirleri Yayma Cemiyeti’nin süreli yayını olan Hür Fikirler Mecmuası monografik olarak ele alınmış ve mecmuadaki yazılar temalaştırılarak incelenmiştir.
Pengaruh Perawatan Metode Kanguru (PMK) terhadap Pencegahan Hipotermi pada Bayi Baru Lahir
Authors: Parti  , Malik Sumiati , Nurhayati
Published: May 2020

Most causes of infant death are problems that occur in newborn/neonatal (0-28 days old), Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) is one of the factors which has a contribution to infant mortality, especially in the neonatal period. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is a benchmark in determining the degree of public health, both at the National and Provincial levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Kangaroo Mother Care Method (KMC) on the prevention of hypothermia in low birth weight infants at Morowali District Hospital in 2019. The type of research used was a quasi-experiment. The population is all low birth weight babies born from May to July 2019. The sample in this study was all newborns with low birth weight born from May to July 2019, totaling 30 babies. There is a difference (influence) on the baby's body temperature before and after KMC with a p-value=0,000. The kangaroo mother care can continue to be affiliated considering its benefits for both infants and mothers, as well as increasing the ability of health workers in conducting KMC so that they can provide in-house training for mothers to be carried out at home.
A constituição dialógica na produção textual do gênero carta do leitor no Ensino Médio
Authors: Bessa José Cezinaldo Rocha , De Oliveira Joseilda Alves
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a constituição dialógica na produção textual realizada no ensino médio, focalizando, mais especificamente, como o aluno mobiliza a palavra do outro e dialoga com ela na constituição do projeto de dizer expresso na escrita do gênero carta do leitor. Para isso, analisamos um texto do gênero carta do leitor, o qual foi produzido por um aluno do 1º ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública do estado da Paraíba e selecionado de um arquivo composto por 22 textos. O trabalho assume como orientação teórico-metodológica central contribuições da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), depreendida das reflexões do Círculo de Bakhtin, e de comentadores desse Círculo, em diálogo com estudos que discutem o ensino de língua materna. Inserida em uma perspectiva de pesquisa de natureza interpretativa e de abordagem qualitativa, a análise empreendida mostra que a versão reescrita da carta do leitor produzida pelo aluno se constituiu como uma resposta tecida e enriquecida pelo diálogo com vozes de outras fontes de leitura indicadas pela professora/pesquisadora e pelas intervenções que ela realizou, revelando-se, consequentemente, um produto textual com argumentos mais consistentes e adequados aos seus propósitos de atuação comunicativa. Além disso, a análise permite perceber como a qualidade do texto produzido pelo aluno do ensino médio pode ser potencializada à medida que se instaura um trabalho, via mediação do professor, que valorize o diálogo com a palavra do outro e as formas de inseri-la na construção textual.
Anthelmintic Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Ivermectin Paste after Oral Administration in Mules Infected by Cyathostomins
Authors: Bazzano Marilena , Di Salvo Alessandra , Diaferia Manuela , Veronesi Fabrizia , Galarini Roberta , Paoletti Fabiola , Tesei Beniamino , McLean Amy , Veneziano Vincenzo , Laus Fulvio
Published: May 2020

Ivermectin (IVM) is an anthelmintic compound commonly used off-label in mules due to its broad-spectrum of activity. Despite the general use of IVM in mules with the same dose and route of administration licensed for horses, significant pharmacokinetic differences might exist between horses and mules, as already observed for donkeys. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile and anthelmintic efficacy of an oral paste of IVM in mules naturally infected with cyathostomins. Fifteen adult mules with fecal egg counts (FEC) ≥ 200 eggs per gram (EPG), with exclusive presence of cyathostomins, were included in the study. All mules were orally treated with IVM according to the manufacturer's recommended horse dosage (200 µg/kg body weight). FECs were performed before (day-10 and day-3) and after treatment at days 14 and 28 by using a modified McMaster method. The FEC reduction (FECR%) was also calculated. Blood samples were collected from five animals at various times between 0.5 h up to 30 days post treatment to determine pharmacokinetic parameters. The maximum IVM serum concentration (Cmax) was 42.31 ± 10.20 ng/mL and was achieved at 16.80 ± 9.96 h post-treatment (Tmax), area under the curve (AUC) was 135.56 ± 43.71 ng × day/mL. FECR% remained high (>95%) until the 28th day.
Secret Image Sharing Revisited: Forbidden Type, Support Type, and Their Two Approaches
Authors: Chao Che-Yi , Lin Ja-Chen
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we introduce two new image-sharing types to extend the applicability of sharing. Type 1 is our so-called forbidden type. In its sharing system, any t of the n shares can recover the secret image, unless the t shares form a forbidden group listed in a forbidden list. Type 2 is our so-called cross-department support type. If a government has 3 departments {DEPH, DEPM, DEPL}, then 3 thresholds (tH, tM and tL) exist. Any tH number of officers from department DEPH can unveil the secret image, and likewise for any tM and tL number of officers from departments DEPM and DEPL, respectively. Type 2 image sharing allows a secret to be disclosed not only in an intra-department meeting but also in a cross-department meeting. In this study, both types are implemented through two approaches: the polynomial and linear-equations approaches. Hackers can be confused when two approaches are mixed. As for the applications, use Type 1 to protect sensitive information in medical or military images or legal documents; and use type 2 to support cross-department crime investigation, industrial production, etc.
Growth Response of Endemic Black Pine Trees to Meteorological Variations and Drought Episodes in a Mediterranean Region
Authors: Proutsos Nikolaos , Tigkas Dimitris
Published: May 2020

Weather variations affect natural ecosystems, while in regions where climate change is anticipated to intensify extreme events such as droughts, the vitality of vulnerable species may be reduced. The sensitivity of key-species to the climatic conditions may illustrate their adjustability in specific areas and assist decision making towards proper mitigation and adaptation measures. Pinus nigra, commonly known as black pine, is an endemic species, forming many protected habitats in the Mediterranean. In this study, black pine tree-ring data from Greece are used to assess the response of tree growth to specific temperature-related (mean, max. and min. temperature and diurnal temperature range) and water-related (precipitation, evapotranspiration, relative humidity and vapor pressure deficit) meteorological parameters. Additionally, the effect of drought episodes is estimated using indices, including the well-established standardised precipitation index (SPI) and reconnaissance drought index (RDI), as well as two recently proposed modifications, namely, the agricultural SPI (aSPI) and the effective RDI (eRDI). The outcomes reveal several seasonal patterns, emphasising the sensitivity of black pine principally to water-related meteorological parameters, with winter and early spring conditions having a primary role on annual tree growth. Black pine seems to be tolerant to drought in the study region, in terms of its resilience; however, there are indications that multiyear droughts may have prolonged effects on tree growth, which may last approximately three years after drought ends. Additionally, it is derived that both aSPI and eRDI illustrate more efficiently tree growth response to drought, indicating that these modifications provide increased accuracy regarding drought characterisation in the forest environment.
Study on the Pollution Characteristics and Sources of Ozone in Typical Loess Plateau City
Authors: Li Bin , Zhou Zhuangzhi , Xue Zhigang , Wei Peng , Ren Yanjun , Cao Liyuan , Feng Xinyu , Yao Qingchen , Ma Jinghua , Xu Peng , Chen Xuan
Published: May 2020

Ground-level ozone is a secondary pollutant produced by photochemical reactions and it adversely affects plant and human health. Taiyuan City, a typical city on the loess plateau, is suffering from severe ozone pollution. We utilized the data from eight national environmental monitoring sites of Taiyuan, including concentrations of O3 and nitric oxide, and meteorological factors, such as air temperature and wind, to study the pollution characteristics and sources of ozone (O3) in Taiyuan in 2018. Results show that during 2018, the maximum value and 90th percentile of the maximum 8-h running average of O3 concentration were 257 μg/m3 and 192 μg/m3, respectively. There were 72 days where the O3 concentration exceeded the standard in 2018, which were mainly during April to August. The O3 concentration increased from March, reached a high level in April through August, and decreased significantly from September. The O3 concentrations displayed a typical “single peak” diurnal variation, which was high during the day with peak at around 13:00–15:00 and low at night. From April to August, the O3 concentrations at Jinyuan was the highest, followed by Xiaodian and Taoyuan, and the O3 concentrations at Shanglan and Nanzhai were the lowest. When the O3 concentration exceeded the standard value, Jinyuan contributed the most to the O3 pollution of Taiyuan, followed by Taoyuan and Xiaodian. High temperature and pressure, south and southwest winds can lead to an increase in O3 concentration. The O3 pollution in the Taiyuan urban area is caused by local generation, and the transportation of polluted air masses containing oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by industries, such as the coking and steel plants in counties of Jinzhong City in southern Taiyuan, and Qingxu County, and some counties in Lyuliang City to the southwest. In addition, the mountain winds and low nitric oxide concentration are the main reasons for the increase of O3 concentration, often observed in Shanglan at night.
Distribution and Drivers of Marine Isoprene Concentration across the Southern Ocean
Authors: Rodríguez-Ros Pablo , Cortés Pau , Robinson Charlotte Mary , Nunes Sdena , Hassler Christel , Royer Sarah-Jeanne , Estrada Marta , Sala M. Montserrat , Simó Rafel
Published: May 2020

Isoprene is a biogenic trace gas produced by terrestrial vegetation and marine phytoplankton. In the remote oceans, where secondary aerosols are mostly biogenic, marine isoprene emissions affect atmospheric chemistry and influence cloud formation and brightness. Here, we present the first compilation of new and published measurements of isoprene concentrations in the Southern Ocean and explore their distribution patterns. Surface ocean isoprene concentrations in November through April span 1 to 94 pM. A band of higher concentrations is observed around a latitude of ≈40 ∘ S and a surface sea temperature of 15 ∘ C. High isoprene also occurs in high productivity waters near islands and continental coasts. We use concurrent measurements of physical, chemical, and biological variables to explore the main potential drivers of isoprene concentration by means of paired regressions and multivariate analysis. Isoprene is best explained by phytoplankton-related variables like the concentrations of chlorophyll-a, photoprotective pigments and particulate organic matter, photosynthetic efficiency (influenced by iron availability), and the chlorophyll-a shares of most phytoplankton groups, and not by macronutrients or bacterial abundance. A simple statistical model based on chlorophyll-a concentration and a sea surface temperature discontinuity accounts for half of the variance of isoprene concentrations in surface waters of the Southern Ocean.
Ecological Assessment of Particulate Material (PM5 and PM10) in Urban Habitats
Authors: Simon Edina , Molnár Vanda Éva , Tóthmérész Béla , Szabó Szilárd
Published: May 2020

Trees are especially useful biological indicators. We tested the suitability of tree leaves (Common Lime) to assess PM5 and PM10 deposition in the three summer months of 2018 in Debrecen city, Hungary. We also tested the usefulness of the cheap and simple gravimetric method to assess the PM deposition, and compared to the expensive, but standard laser diffraction method. We found significant differences between the concentrations of PM10 deposited on tree leaves, and on dust traps. A significant difference was found in the concentration of PM5 only in July. A significant difference was also found in the concentration of PM10 among months based on leaves and dust traps. For PM5 there was a significant difference among months based on leaves deposition. We found a significant positive correlation between the PM10 concentration deposited on leaves and on dust traps. A positive correlation was found between the concentration of PM based on the gravimetric and laser diffraction measurement methods. Our findings pointed out the particulate material’s washing by rain from leaves; thus, dust deposition on the surface of leaves is limited. Our results demonstrated that trees play an important role in the mitigation of air pollution, and they are a useful indicator of PM deposition for biomonitoring studies.
The Relationship between Emotionally Laden Landmarks, Spatial Abilities, and Personality Traits: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Ruotolo Francesco , Sbordone Filomena L. , van der Ham Ineke J.M.
Published: May 2020

Separate research lines have shown that the way we process spatial information is influenced by individual factors, such as personality traits and basic spatial abilities. Alongside, recent studies suggest that environmental landmarks can be represented differently depending on their emotional content. However, to our knowledge, no study has addressed so far the issue of whether there is a relationship between individual factors and the way we represent and use spatial information that conveys emotional content. Therefore, this exploratory study aimed to (i) investigate the relationship between personality traits and the use of spatial strategies in relation to emotional stimuli; (ii) investigate if a different pattern emerges according to a body- or object-based spatial encodings. After watching movies of routes characterized by positive, negative, or neutral landmarks, participants performed a “route continuation” (RC, i.e., left/right decision) and a “distance comparison” task (DC, i.e., what was the landmark closest to X?). Furthermore, participants performed a mental rotation task (MR), the Corsi block tapping (CBT), and the Bergen right-left discrimination tests (B-RL). Personality traits were assessed through the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Results showed that a better performance at the RC task was associated with higher scores at CBT tasks in the positive condition and at B-RL test and agreeableness scale from TIPI in both positive and neutral conditions. Instead, the MR task positively correlated with the DC task in all conditions. In sum, individuals’ spatial abilities, personality traits, and task requests influenced the way emotionally laden landmarks were memorized.
Amazon Employees Resources Access Data Extraction via Clonal Selection Algorithm and Logic Mining Approach
Authors: Zamri Nur Ezlin , Mansor Mohd. Asyraf , Mohd Kasihmuddin Mohd Shareduwan , Alway Alyaa , Mohd Jamaludin Siti Zulaikha , Alzaeemi Shehab Abdulhabib
Published: May 2020

Amazon.com Inc. seeks alternative ways to improve manual transactions system of granting employees resources access in the field of data science. The work constructs a modified Artificial Neural Network (ANN) by incorporating a Discrete Hopfield Neural Network (DHNN) and Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA) with 3-Satisfiability (3-SAT) logic to initiate an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model that executes optimization tasks for industrial data. The selection of 3-SAT logic is vital in data mining to represent entries of Amazon Employees Resources Access (AERA) via information theory. The proposed model employs CSA to improve the learning phase of DHNN by capitalizing features of CSA such as hypermutation and cloning process. This resulting the formation of the proposed model, as an alternative machine learning model to identify factors that should be prioritized in the approval of employees resources applications. Subsequently, reverse analysis method (SATRA) is integrated into our proposed model to extract the relationship of AERA entries based on logical representation. The study will be presented by implementing simulated, benchmark and AERA data sets with multiple performance evaluation metrics. Based on the findings, the proposed model outperformed the other existing methods in AERA data extraction.
Cross-Entropy as a Metric for the Robustness of Drone Swarms
Authors: Cofta Piotr , Ledziński Damian , Śmigiel Sandra , Gackowska Marta
Published: May 2020

Due to their growing number and increasing autonomy, drones and drone swarms are equipped with sophisticated algorithms that help them achieve mission objectives. Such algorithms vary in their quality such that their comparison requires a metric that would allow for their correct assessment. The novelty of this paper lies in analysing, defining and applying the construct of cross-entropy, known from thermodynamics and information theory, to swarms. It can be used as a synthetic measure of the robustness of algorithms that can control swarms in the case of obstacles and unforeseen problems. Based on this, robustness may be an important aspect of the overall quality. This paper presents the necessary formalisation and applies it to a few examples, based on generalised unexpected behaviour and the results of collision avoidance algorithms used to react to obstacles.
Determining the Financial Inclusion Output of Banking Sector of Pakistan—Supply-Side Analysis
Authors: Adil Fareeha , Jalil Abdul
Published: May 2020

Financial inclusion is the process of including the people who lack formal financial services. The concept of financial inclusion emerged globally in the times of millennium and is defined as the availability and usage of formal financial services. It essentially facilitates economic growth; the financially included individuals can invest in business, education, and entrepreneurship, which can pave way to poverty alleviation and economic development. In the context of Pakistan, a developing economy of South Asia, the financial landscape presents a grim picture of financial inclusion where only 16 percent of the population is financially included. Despite the current focus of policies and regulations devoted to enhancing access to finance in Pakistan from the supply side, the current state of financial inclusion is limited. Therefore, this study investigates the financial inclusion process for Pakistan from the supply side. We analyze the supply-side dimension of access by employing econometric technique of autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) and using time series data of banking sector of Pakistan. Our empirical findings suggest that the greater the size, geographic outreach, and demographic outreach of the banks, the greater the contribution to the financial inclusion. Additionally, improvement in soft consumer loans and increase in small-sized advances reinforces the financial inclusion process.
Partial Discharge Imaging Correlated with Phase-Resolved Patterns in Non-Uniform Electric Fields with Various Dielectric Barrier Materials
Authors: Florkowski Marek , Krześniak Dariusz , Kuniewski Maciej , Zydroń Paweł
Published: May 2020

This paper describes a correlation of partial discharge phase-resolved patterns with an optical imaging performed in a non-uniform electric field configuration. The influence of different dielectric barrier materials, placed on the plane electrode, on the discharge propagation and surface landing was investigated. The investigations were focused on the corona at positive polarity of AC high voltage. It was found that the initial positive corona stage is similar for all cases whereas the discharge propagation and surface landing strongly depends on the barrier material properties. The observed streamer discharge modes have been described by the geometrical measures such as stem length, stretch of a discharge profile on the dielectric barrier surface and an hemispherical envelope of discharge filaments. Since various dielectrics reveal different properties of charge accumulation and surface neutralization, the charge memory effect may be visible and can be related to the ability to create and sustain of additional electric field component. It may refer to subsequent discharges as well as to conditions faced at the voltage polarity reversal. The correspondence between different forms of phase-resolved patterns have been associated with the modes of streamer discharges observed by optical imaging. Presented methodology poses huge potential for both scientific investigations on underlying discharge phenomena as well as on the application in future diagnostic systems of HV insulation.