bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sulphur and Zinc Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] under Nagaland Condition
Authors: Imsong W. , Tzudir L. , Longkumer L.T. , Gohain T. , Kawikhonliu Z.
Published: June 2023

Background: A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Research Farm of School and Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University, during the Kharif season of 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of sulphur and zinc fertilization for biofortification in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) under Nagaland condition. Methods: The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 15 treatments combinations viz sulphur (0 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1 and 40 kg ha-1), zinc (0 kg ha-1, 5 kg ha-1, 10 kg ha-1, 15 kg ha-1, and 20 kg ha-1) replicated thrice. Result: The results obtained showed that the plant growth and yield attributes were significantly influenced by the treatment combination of S20Zn20. The application of 20 kg S ha-1 showed higher plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, shoot dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), number of nodules and was found to be quite comparable with the treatment of 40 kg S ha-1. The zinc fertilization of 20 kg Zn ha-1 showed greater response by the plant and showed increased plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, shoot dry weight, leaf area index (LAI) and number of nodules at par with 15 kg Zn ha-1. A higher number of pods (40.48 and 40.89), seed yield of (1.07 t ha-1 and 1.10 t ha-1) and stover yield (1.97 t ha-1 and 2.02 t ha-1) were observed in 20 kg S ha-1 and 20 kg Zn ha-1 fertilization respectively as compared to the other levels of treatments. However, the length of pods, number of seeds per pod, test weight and harvest index did not differ significantly by the treatments.
Growth and Yield Attributes of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Influenced by Tank-mix Application of Early Post Emergence Herbicides
Authors: Ravi S. , Rangasami S.R. Shri , Vadivel N. , Ajaykumar R. , Harishankar K.
Published: June 2023

Background: Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is known as the ‘king’ of oilseeds. It is one of the most important food and cash crop of India. Among different constraints that limit the productivity of groundnut, weed menace is one of the serious bottlenecks. A field experiment was conducted at Perunthalaivar Kamaraj Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Puducherry during 2019 to 2020 to study the tank mix application of post-emergence herbicides for efficient weed control in Groundnut. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 13 treatments and replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of weed management practices viz., pre emergence herbicide pendimethalin and post emergence herbicide viz., imazethapyr, quizalofop-ethyl and those herbicides used either alone or combined with hand weeding once. In addition, hand weedings twice at 15 and 30 DAS were tested with unweeded check. Result: The experiment results of the two years study revealed that the Pendimethalin @ 1.5 kg ai ha-1 (PE) + tank mix of Imazethpyr (40%) + Quizalofop ethyl (60%) at 20-30 DAS recorded maximum plant height (58.17 cm), DMP (36.81 g plant-1), Significantly higher pod yield (3752 kg ha-1), highest net income (₹ 90,762 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.80). Correlation and Regression analysis also indicated that the yield attributes had a positive impact on groundnut yield.
Pedagogical practice as a basis of being a teacher
Authors: Montoya Grisales Noelva Eliana , Arroyave Giraldo Dora Inés
Published: June 2023

The present text was interested in exploring pedagogical practice as a pillar of the process of formation and constitution of what it means to be a teacher, in which reality, this concept is assumed both as a component of their formation, but also as an effective practice of the practicing teacher. A study with a qualitative-documentary approach was developed from a documentary review and analysis, the revised texts, 50 in total, were extracted from academic databases: Dialnet, EBSCO, Scopus and Google Academic between the years 2006 and 2021, which were systematized in analytical research summaries analyzed in the Atlas-ti software. From the results it could be inferred that pedagogical practice can be assumed from three categories, one that conceptualizes it as an integral component of formation; another that determines it as the basis of professional development and finally, pedagogical practice is assumed as integration to the real context of the profession of being a teacher.
Descripción morfológica de Lucilia purpurascens (Walker, 1836) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), cepa Boyacá-Colombia
Authors: Mancipe Villamarin Ángela Patricia , Segura Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Calliphoridae es una familia de dípteros importantes en el ámbito médico-legal; Lucilia purpurascens es una especie perteneciente a esta familia, que ha sido reportada en distintos países, incluido Colombia, y aunque para Boyacá existen registros, no han sido publicados. El género Lucilia, presenta dificultades para separar taxonómicamente sus especies por la existencia de sinonimias, L. purpurascens es un ejemplo de ello. Considerando esto, el estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar y describir las características morfológicas de L. purpurascens de Boyacá. Se colectaron ejemplares adultos de L. purpurascens entre machos y hembras y se colonizaron bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Diariamente se extrajeron individuos de todos los estados de desarrollo. Las larvas fueron aclaradas y fijadas en placas permanentes. Una característica distintiva de la larva de tercer estadio fue el patrón de espinas de una punta con presencia de algunas de doble punta. En cuanto a los adultos, hubo un marcado dimorfismo sexual, evidente en la parafacial plateada en machos y naranja en hembras, así como diferencia en el tamaño del ocelo medio. De manera general, se describieron caracteres taxonómicos de las caliptras, ampolla y alas, los cuales combinados son relevantes para la identificación taxonómica de la especie empleando machos y hembras. Los caracteres fueron registrados por medio de fotografías, lo cual facilitará la correcta identificación mediante la taxonomía tradicional. El presente trabajo presenta por primera vez la descripción completa de la hembra de L. purpurascens.
Nueva evidencia de aparición de Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) en colmenas de Apis mellifera en Colombia
Authors: Salamanca Grosso Guillermo , Osorio Tangarife Mónica Patricia , Barrera Cruz Adrian Mauricio
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar evidencias circunstanciales en relación a presencia de Aethina tumida en colmenas de Apis mellifera en Colombia. Se realizaron excursiones de campo para diagnosticar e identificar la presencia de A. tumida, en municipios asociados a zona cafetera, aislando ejemplares escarabajos cuando fue posible, removiéndolos de las colonias de abejas de la cámara de cría y de residuos de frutas dispuestos cerca de las colmenas. Los ejemplares fueron evaluados considerando parámetros morfométricos, sobre 18 variables. Se logró establecer la presencia de A. tumida en las localidades de Dosquebradas y Pereira, Risaralda. Las variables morfométricas concuerdan con las estructura propia del espécimen A. tumida para la cabeza, protórax, pterotórax, abdomen, apéndices y el peso, caracteres inequívocos y diferenciados respecto de Cychramus luteus Fabricius 1787, que evidencian la presencia del agente etiológico. Los hallazgos tras la captura y análisis de los pequeños escarabajos confirman la presencia de A. tumida en colmenas de Apis mellifera en zona cafetera colombiana
Effect of a transversal channel on the vortex-antivortex state in a superconducting film
Authors: Ovadiah Y. , Aguirre C. A. , Barba Ortega Jose Jose
Published: June 2023

In this work, the resistive state of a mesoscopic superconducting sample in presence of an external transport electric current, Ja, and at zero magnetic field was studied. A non-centered channel of depleted superconductivity (of width m and at lower critical temperature Tc) is positioned at a distance d of the center of the sample. We vary the width a of the metallic contact in which the external current is applied. We study the superconducting electronic density, the vortex-antivortex velocity, and the annihilation rates of the supercurrent for several widths of the metallics contacts and position of the channel. Our investigation show that critical currents and the velocity of the v − Av of the studied system depend strongly on the size of the contact and of the position of the channel in the sample.
Red de Tevecentros de secundaria de la República Dominicana, exitosa y abandonada
Authors: Martínez R Jorge Adarberto
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Este articulo académico tiene como objetivo describir los resultados de la red de Centros de Televisión Educativa para el Nivel Medio (Tevecentros) de la República Dominicana a partir de las calificaciones logradas por los estudiantes en las pruebas nacionales.
Originalidad/aporte: La red respondió satisfactoriamente a la falta de cupos y a la baja calidad de la educación secundaria destinada a los jóvenes pobres de las comunidades rurales, un mal de la región, y pesar de su éxito fue desatendida y abandonada. Estudiar su sentido de oportunidad y pertinencia es un aporte original, relevante.
Método: Hubo revisión de numerosos documentos y la literatura disponible, deductivamente fueron identificadas y sistematizadas abundantes experiencias acumuladas, directas e indirectas; luego, en forma inductiva, se hicieron análisis y reflexiones críticas sobre el impacto y los resultados del referido programa, que, como otros, fue uno de los esfuerzos del país en educación desde mediados de la década de 1990.
Estrategia/recolección de información: Como parte de la estrategia seguida fueron estudiados los problemas principales de la educación secundaria en la región, hitos de la educación no presencial y semi-presencial y las series históricas de calificaciones de las pruebas nacionales de la República Dominicana como indicador de los aprendizajes.
Conclusiones: Se concluyó en que mejoró el cupo y los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes fueron positivos, por lo que el modelo debió ser fortalecido y replicado como solución estratégica de educación secundaria para la zona rural dominicana; en cambio, fue desatendido y abandonado.
La primera Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos en Guatemala
Authors: Cortez Sic José Enrique , Crispín López Haydee Lucrecia , Hori Herrera Angela Kiku
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Analizar el desarrollo histórico de la primera Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos, creada en 1928 en la ciudad Capital de Guatemala, como  entidad emblemática en la formación de maestras de preprimaria a nivel nacional.

Originalidad/aporte: este proceso de investigación sigue la línea de la recuperación de la parte histórica y busca visibilizar la experiencia vivida en las diferentes etapas del desarrollo formativo, haciendo hincapié en la evolución curricular y en la importancia de continuar con la formación de calidad para maestras de preprimaria. La historia de las escuelas normales en Guatemala data de 1875 con el inicio de la Escuela Normal Central para Varones. Posteriormente se crearon otras que contribuyeron en la formación de docentes y especialmente la que hoy es objeto de investigación; la Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos “Dr. Alfredo Carrillo Ramírez” institución educativa que fue la primera en su género partir de 1928.

Método: se siguió el método cualitativo con revisión documental, por medio de fuentes primarias, acudiendo a la parte hemerográfica y a una entrevista con un directivo que ha tenido relación directa con el quehacer docente y administrativo de este establecimiento educativo.

Estrategias/recolección de información: se procedió a la revisión de documentos inéditos y bibliografía relacionada con la historia de la Educación en Guatemala, e información base sobre el acontecer de la Escuela Normal a partir de 1928. Así mismo, se procedió a la estructuración de un instrumento para el desarrollo de la entrevista con el personal directivo a partir de preguntas semiestructuradas.

Conclusiones: la primera Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos ha sido un bastión experiencial en el sistema educativo guatemalteco, sus aportes han sido ejemplos valiosos en la formación docente y en la ampliación de cobertura para la atención de niños y niñas del nivel preprimario.
E-LEARNING AS A COMPLEMENTARY MECHANISM TO TEACH POLITICAL SCIENCE – BETWEEN THE VOID OF THE CLASSROOM AND THE DEMANDS OF AN ONLINE GENERATION
Authors: Costa Bruno F.
Published: June 2023

Online teaching has occupied a prominent place in the training process of new generations, whether through formal models of education and training, or through informal education and training. The pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus has had an effect on the way societies function, having produced the need to adapt work and educational contexts to the demands associated with physical distancing. This paper derives from a reflection that takes into account the pedagogical dimensions associated with the context of the classroom, with the need to adapt training to the online model, at a time when digitalization occupies a leading place in the western way of life. For this purpose, the teaching experience in the academic year 2020/2021 at the University of Beira Interior is based on a characterization of the pedagogical models associated with Political Science teaching.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI AUGMENTED REALITY SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI DAN SIMULASI TES PRAKTIK PADA PEMBUATAN SIM C BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Mubarok Fadlan Sani , Prasetyo Novian Adi , Wardhana Ariq Cahya
Published: June 2023

Perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknologi (IPTEK) yang pesat membuat jumlah kendaraan sepeda motor di setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan. Tercatat dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun terakhir dari 2015 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 2019 terdapat peningkatan jumlah kendaraan sepeda motor sebanyak 24,12 juta. Dengan adanya hal inimembuat pengendara juga mengalami peningkatan. Sehingga dengan peningkatan tersebut harus diimbangi dengan kepemilikan SIM C agar pengendara dapat memahami peraturan lalu lintas dan terampil mengemudikan kendaraan bermotor. Disisi lain Teknologi Informasi dan Telekomunikasi mengalami kemajuan yang pesat. Salah satunya teknologi yang sedang ramai yaitu Augmented Reality. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini membuat aplikasi yang bertujuan untukmemberikan informasi dan simulasi mengenai tes praktik pada pembuatan SIM C dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Augmented Reality akan jauh lebih mudah. Pembuatan aplikasi ini menggunakan Unity dan Vuforia dengan dengan menggunakan metode Marker Based Tracking.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle) sebagai pengembangan aplikasi Multimedia. Hasil akhir akan ujikan dengan menggunakan uji performansi sistem dan kepuasan pengguna menggunakan metode System Usibility Testing (SUS). Pada metode SUS terdapat 10 pertanyaan dengan 5 opsi jawaban pada setiap pertanyaannya, mulai dari sangat tidak setuju hingga sangat setuju. Pada kuisioner SUS sedikitnya melibatkan 10 orang pengguna sistem.  Kata Kunci : Augmented Reality, Unity 3D, SIM, MDLC, System Usibility System.
Wkład imigrantów w podnoszenie innowacyjności miasta. Przykład Wrocławia
Authors: Klintsevich Volha
Published: June 2023

Wyniki badań — zwłaszcza dotyczące Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki — wskazują, że istnieje istotna zależność między obecnością imigrantów a innowacyjnością państw przyjmujących. Celem podjętego badania jest sprawdzenie podobnego związku w Polsce na przykładzie Wrocławia. Miarą innowacyjności przyjętą w artykule jest liczba aplikacji patentowych. W zbiorze danych Urzędu Patentowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej za okres 1989–2020 przeanalizowano wszystkie zgłoszenia patentowe zarejestrowane jako aplikacje, które pochodziły z Wrocławia, pod kątem liczby i udziału cudzoziemców w tych aplikacjach. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że wkład imigrantów w innowacyjność jest różny w zależności od obszaru technologicznego wynalazków. Cudzoziemcy nie przyczynili się w dużym stopniu do zwiększenia innowacyjności miasta, ale mieli wpływ na podtrzymanie rozwoju branży elektrotechnicznej we Wrocławiu.
Exploring pre-service visual art teachers’ competitiveness through porter’s five forces model
Authors: Koshkinbayeva Nurgul , Shagataeva Zaure , Utepova Almagul , Taukebayeva Kunsulu , Kurmantayeva Sulugul
Published: June 2023

The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to explore the degree to which 117 pre-service visual art teachers’ competitiveness within the education field. A self-reported competitiveness scale (six items distributed between three factors) was designed and validated by the authors based on the focal points of Michael Porter’s Five Forces framework. Additionally, the   respondents’ digital competence was assessed as an auxiliary criterion of educator attractiveness in the art education domain. Both competitiveness and digital skills measurements yielded mediocre scores. Regression analysis showed that respondents’ competitiveness perceptions were predicted neither by digital skills level nor by socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, rural or urban background, marital status or whether the student was a graduate or undergraduate. The present study highlights the need for understanding of how visual art majors perceive the sector and   evaluate competitiveness among visual art students which itself indicates its sizable contribution to educational research. Other researchers can employ the competitiveness questionnaire introduced to gain deeper insights into the topic or related subjects.
Identification of novel genera and subcluster classifications for mycobacteriophages
Authors: O’Connell Laura M. , Buttimer Colin , Bottacini Francesca , Coffey Aidan , O’Mahony Jim M.
Published: June 2023

Aim: To identify novel genera amongst mycobacteriophages (MP) and verify a hypothesised correlation between the taxonomy set by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with that of the Actinobacteriophage Database, which may help formalise subcluster assignment. Methods: A dataset of 721 MP genomes was analysed using VIRIDIC, a nucleotide alignment-based software that predicts genus assignments. Potentially novel genera were analysed using Gegenees and VICTOR, respectively. These genera were then compared to the subclusters assigned by the Actinobacteriophage Database to verify a hypothesis that one genus can be assigned to one subcluster (i.e., the genus-subcluster hypothesis). Results: Initially, when comparing the current genus classifications of the 721 MP dataset to the Actinobacteriophage database subcluster assignments, 83.3% of subclusters supported the genus-subcluster hypothesis. Following the sequential VIRIDIC, Gegenees and VICTOR analyses, a total of 20 novel genera were identified based on a ≥ 70% and ~ 50% similarity threshold for VIRIDIC and Gegenees, respectively, and a monophyletic nature in the VICTOR output. Interestingly, these criteria also appear to support the creation of 13 novel subclusters, which would increase the support for the genus-subcluster hypothesis to 97.6%. Conclusion: The link between genus and subcluster classifications appears robust, as most subclusters can be assigned a single genus and vice versa. By relating the taxonomic and clustering classification systems, they can be easily kept up to date to best reflect MP diversity, which could aid the rapid selection of related (or diverse) phages for research, therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.
Reference Values for the Grocery Shelving Test among United Arab Emirates Population: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alaparthi Gopala Krishna , Gatty Aishwarya Prabhakar , Isa Huda , Hassan Latifa , Khalid Noura , Osman Abdullah , Mahmoud Sara , Tamim May , Bairapareddy Kalyana Chakravarthy , De Sa Ferreira Arthur
Published: June 2023

Background: Arm elevation plays an important role in simple and complex daily tasks. Muscles that stabilize the shoulder girdle also function as respiratory accessory muscles. Dual demand on these muscles, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory conditions, leads to dyspnea and fatigue of the upper limb, making simple daily activities difficult. Various tests, including Grocery Shelving Task (GST), are designed to assess functional performance during upper limb activities. The aim of the study is to derive reference values for GST among the population of the United Arab Emirates Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 220 healthy individuals of both genders between the ages of 20 and 69. Duration required to complete GST was recorded. The correlation between duration and age, height, body mass and body mass index (BMI) were also assessed. Results: Reference values for duration (in seconds) in females for age groups 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 are 43.5±5.5, 43.1±8.08, 48.1±6.7, 44.9±7.1, 46.7±6.5 respectively. Values for males of age groups 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 are 45.7±6.7, 44.8±8.9, 42.5±10.01, 53.4±4.2, and 53.9±5.4 respectively. Conclusion: Reference values for GST duration were obtained. Weak correlations were found between duration and age, height, body mass, BMI of the participants.
Reconstructing the Global Stress of Marine Structures Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhang Tao , Hu Jiajun , Oterkus Erkan , Oterkus Selda , Wang Xueliang , Jiang Zhentao , Zhu Qua , Chen Guocai
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes an AI-based approach to overcome the limitations of the SHM system in measuring global stress with limited sensors. Feature elements are selected based on correlation analysis among finite elements and used as stress-measured points. An ANN is used to establish the solution relationship between the feature and correlation elements. The proposed method is applied to the connector structure of an offshore platform, and an optimal ANN is established to optimize accuracy by considering factors like the number of sensors, neural network framework, and convergence criteria. The accuracy of the ANN is verified through a real-scale model test, demonstrating 93.6% accuracy. This technology represents a significant advancement, enhancing the practicality of the structural health monitoring (SHM) system from “point monitoring" to “field monitoring".
Experimental Investigation of Convective Drying of Ginger Rhizomes Using the Environmental Stress Chambers and Linear Heat Conduction
Authors: Depiver Joshua Adeniyi , Mallik Sabuj
Published: June 2023

This study presents an experimental investigation of the convective drying process of ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale). It analyses the effect of moisture content on the thermal properties of dried ginger rhizomes. Drying experiments were conducted under controlled conditions to establish the relationship between moisture content and thermal conductivity. The drying kinetics were examined to provide insights into the drying behaviour of ginger rhizomes and the influence of moisture content on their thermal properties. The results demonstrated a significant impact of initial moisture content and convective drying conditions on the drying process. As drying progressed, the moisture content decreased, leading to a reduction in thermal conductivity. It was observed that drying under convective drying takes 24 hours compared to open sun drying at nine days and solar tunnel drying at eight days. The drying temperature of 60°C was considered optimum.

The results show that dried ginger at an absolute moisture content of 6.63% (wb) with a thermal conductivity of 0.0553W/m. K for unblanched ginger, 9.04% (wb) with thermal conductivity of 0.0516W/m. K for blanched ginger, 8.56% (wb) moisture content with a thermal conductivity of 0.0483W/m. K for peeled ginger and 5.98% moisture content with a thermal conductivity of 0.0460W/m. K for unpeeled ginger would be ideal for making powdered ginger rhizomes. These findings have practical implications for the food industry, as they can aid in designing and improving drying processes for ginger rhizomes and similar agricultural products. By understanding the relationship between moisture content and thermal properties, more efficient drying strategies can be developed to minimise energy consumption and maintain the quality of the dried product.
Development of AI and Robotics Assisted Automated Pavement
Crack Evaluation System
Authors: Khan Md. Al-Masrur , Harseno Regidestyoko Wasistha , Kee Seong-Hoon , Nahid Abdullah-Al
Published: June 2023

Crack inspection is important to monitor the structural health of pavement structures
and to facilitate an easier rehabilitation process. Currently, pavement crack inspection is conducted
manually, which is inefficient and costly at the same time. For solving the problem, this work has
developed a robotic system for automated data collection and analysis in real-time. The robotic
system navigates on the pavement and collects visual images from the surface. A deep learning-based
semantic segmentation framework named RCDNet was proposed and implemented on the onboard
computer of the robot to identify cracks from the visual images. Simulation results show that the deep
learning model obtained 96.29% accuracy for predicting the images. The proposed robotic system was
tested on both indoor and outdoor environments and was observed that it can complete inspecting a
3m × 2m grid within 10 minutes and a 2.5m × 1m grid within 6 minutes. This outcome shows that
the proposed robotic method can drastically reduce the time of manual inspection. Furthermore, a
severity map based on the results from visual images was also generated to provide an idea of which
locations should be paid more attention to repair in a test grid.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Winged Bean [Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus (L.) DC.] Accessions Using Morphological Traits and Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Olatunde Temitope Esther , Adebayo Adeolu Moses , Bhadmus Ayomide Ajoke , Adejumobi Idris Ishola , Oyatomi Olaniyi , Faloye Benjamin , Abberton Michael
Published: June 2023

Winged bean productivity and the potential to enhance food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa are recurrently affected by several constraints, including but not limited to the lack of genetic improvement. The dearth of adequate information on the genetic diversity that guides the choice of progenitors’ selection among other advantages has been a major setback in planning appropriate improvement programs. This study assessed 15 winged bean accessions for genetic diversity using 10 quantitative traits and 10 microsatellites (SSRs) markers. These accessions were evaluated using RCBD with three replicates for two growing seasons. Ten plants constitute each accession during evaluation from where leaf samples were obtained for SSR marker genotyping. Phenotypic results revealed significant variation (p < 0.05) in the performances of the accessions for the measured traits. H2 estimates varied from 18.92% for seed length to 72.67% for seed weight per plant. Pod weight had a positive and significant correlation with pod length (0.53), pod width (0.70), and number of seeds per pod (0.64). However, the number of seeds per pod negatively correlated with days to maturity (-0.71). The number of seeds per pod was positively predicted by pod weight, seed thickness, and days to maturity. Cluster analysis revealed two genetic groups characterized by different traits. The ten SSRs revealed an average allele count of 4.2, gene diversity of 0.25, and polymorphic information content of 0.22. Analysis of molecular variance revealed within the population of 95% as compared to between population variance of 5%. Phylogeny analysis revealed two primary genetic groups from where five secondary genetic subgroups were identified and only three accessions (TPt-6, TPt-126, and TPt-48) showed genetic purity. This study provides the basis for further studies aimed at exploiting existing variations in winged bean germplasm for its improvement.
A Nonequilibrium Thermodynamic Approach for Analysis of Power Conversion Efficiency in the Wind Energy System
Authors: Shchur Ihor , Lis Marek , Biletskyi Yurii
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the linear nonequilibrium thermodynamic approach is used to analyze energy processes in the wind energy conversion system (WECS), with a directly connected vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) and vector controlled permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). Both elements are considered as linear universal energy converters (EC) linearized at the points of the given range of common to VAWT and PMSG angular velocity. The dependences on the angular velocity of the coupling coefficients between the ECs input and output and the dimensionless parameters of their operating modes were received. This allows for choosing the optimal points of ECs operation according to the specified criteria and obtaining indicators of their maximum efficiency. To assess the quality of the cascade connection of two ECs, the appropriate coefficient was introduced, the dimensionless parameters and characteristics of the equivalent EC were obtained, and the conditions of its maximum efficiency were determined. Analysis of the VAWT-PMSG connection quality showed reserves for improving WECS efficiency. The impact of VAWT and PMSG variable parameters on the quality of this connection is studied, and further research directions are shown. The proposed thermodynamic approach allows an effective search for solutions for the efficiency improvement of various systems with energy transfer and transformation.
Microbial PolyHydroxyAlkanoate (PHA) Biopolymers – Intrinsically Natural
Authors: Mukherjee Anindya , Koller Martin
Published: June 2023

Global pollution from fossil plastics is one of the top environmental threats of our times. The end-of-life scenarios of fossil plastic, including recycling, incineration and disposal result in mi-croplastic formation, elevated atmospheric CO2 levels, and littering of terrestrial and aquatic environments by plastic waste.
Currently thought-out regulations centered around banning plastics production and use and only recycling on a regional, national and global level are impeding efforts to rapidly replace fossil plastics through the use of natural alternatives. In particular, this review demonstrates how mi-crobial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), a class of intrinsically natural polymers, can easily remedy for the fossil and persistent plastic dilemma. PHA are bio-based, bio-synthesized, bio-compatible, bio-degradable, and home- and industrially compostable. Therefore, they are one of the perfect replacements for our fossil plastics pollution dilemma, providing us with the benefits of fossil plastics and meeting all requirements of a truly circular economy.
PHA biopolyesters are natural and green materials in all aspects of their life cycle. The review elaborates in detail how PHA’s production, consumption, and end-of-life profile are perfectly embedded in the current topical 12 Principles of Green Chemistry, which constitute the basis for sustainable product manufacturing.
It is shown that it is time for a paradigm shift in plastics manufacturing, use and disposal. Hu-mankind needs alternatives to fossil plastics, which, as recalcitrant xenobiotics, contribute to the increasing deterioration of our planet. Natural PHA biopolyesters represent that paradigm shift!
Simultaneous Tracking and Recognizing Drone Targets with Millimeter-Wave Radar and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Solaiman Suhare , Alsuwat Emad , Alharthi Rajwa
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a framework for simultaneous tracking and recognizing drone targets using a low-cost and small-sized millimeter-wave radar is presented. The radar collects the reflected signals of multiple targets in the field of view including drone and non-drone targets. The analysis of the received signals allows multiple targets to be distinguished because of the different reflection patterns. The proposed framework consists of four processes including signal processing, cloud points clustering, target tracking, and target recognition. Signal processing translates the raw signals into spare cloud points. These points are merged into several clusters, each representing a single target. Target tracking estimates the new locations of each detected target. A novel convolutional neural network model is developed for drone and/or non-drone targets feature extraction and recognition. For performance evaluation, a dataset collected with an IWR6843ISK mmWave sensor by Texas Instruments is used for training and testing the convolutional neural network. The proposed recognition model achieves an accuracy of 98.4% for one target and 98.1% for two targets.
Metabolic Reprogramming Toward Aerobic Glycolysis Involved in the Brain Amyloid Pathology
Authors: Murai Toshiyuki , Matsuda Satoru
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the formation of senile plaques consisting fibrillated amyloid-β (Aβ), dystrophic neurites, and the neurofibrillary tangles of tau. The oligomers/fibrillar Aβ damages the neurons or initiate an intracellular signaling cascade for neuronal cell death leading to Aβ toxicity. The Aβ is a 4 kDa molecular weight peptide originating from the C-terminal region of the amyloid precursor protein via proteolytic cleavage. Apart from the typical AD hallmarks, certain deficits in metabolic alterations have been identified. This study describes the emerging features of AD from the aspect of alternation in the main pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in the human brain. Particularly, the neurons in patients with AD favor glycolysis despite a normal mitochondrial function indicating a Warburg-like effect. In addition, certain dietary patterns are well known for their properties in preventing AD. Among those, a ketogenic diet may substantially improve the symptoms of AD. An effective therapeutic method in the treatment, mitigation, and prevention of AD has not yet been established. Therefore, the researchers pursue the development and establishment of novel therapies effective in suppressing AD symptoms and the elucidation of their underlying protective mechanisms against neurodegeneration aiming for AD therapy in near future.
Design of Metamaterial Antenna for Wideband Applications
Authors: R Gokul , T Deepak Akash Raj , M Charan , S Gnaneshwaran , C Gomatheeswari Preethika
Published: June 2023

A wideband antenna with excellent efficiency is the most important requirement of wireless communication. There are many ways to improve the antenna bandwidth, such as using a low permittivity substrate, increasing the substrate thickness, and using different shapes of radiating patches. However, this cannot achieve wideband. This problem can be solved by using a metamaterial-based microstrip antenna that can achieve wideband. The proposed patch antenna has a metamaterial unit cell loaded on the top patch and on the bottom ground plane. The top unit cell, which consists of a square loop with Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) and the bottom unit cell, which is a Square Shaped Cross-Slot (SSCS), is loaded on the patch and ground. The objective is to achieve a compact metamaterial-loaded antenna with enhanced radiation characteristics and to design a metamaterial antenna for wideband applications. The wideband and high gain features of the proposed antenna make it suitable for 5G NR FR1 and Wi-Fi 6E applications.
The German Climate Verdict, Human Rights, Paris Target and EU Climate Law
Authors: Ekardt Felix , Bärenwaldt Marie
Published: June 2023

The German Constitutional Court’s climate verdict provides a re-interpretation of liberal- democratic core concepts and is highly relevant for liberal constitutional law in general – including EU and international law. The verdict accepts human rights as intertemporal and globally applicable; it applies the precautionary principle to these rights and frees them from the misleading causality debate. However, the court fails to address the most important violations of human rights, and it categorised climate policy as a greater threat to freedom than climate change. And the court does not make it clear that the Paris 1.5-degree limit implies a radically smaller carbon budget. Furthermore, little attention has so far been paid to the fact that the ruling implies an obligation for more EU climate protection, especially since most emissions are regulated supranationally. To be effective, the EU emissions trading system demands a reform, which should go well beyond the existing EU proposals to enable societal transformation to sustainability.
Nanomaterials Used in the Preparation of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the Fight against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: De Luca Pierantonio , Macario Anastasia , B.Nagy Janos
Published: June 2023

Following the well-known pandemic, declared on 30 January 2020 by the World Health Organi-zation, the request for new global strategies for the prevention and mitigation of the spread of the infection has come to the attention of the scientific community. Nanotechnology has often managed to provide solutions, effective responses, and valid strategies to support the fight against SARS-CoV-2. This work reports a collection of information on nanomaterials that have been used to counter the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In particular, the objective of this work is to illustrate the strategies that have made it possible to use the particular properties of nanomaterials, for the production of personal protective equipment (DIP) for the defense against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Genetic Architecture of Vitamin D Deficiency Among an Elderly Lebanese Middle Eastern Population: An Exome-wide Association Study
Authors: Hindi Nagham Nafiz , Chakhtoura Marlene , Al-Sarraj Yaser , Bacha Dania Saleh , Albagha Omar , Fuleihan Ghada El-Hajj , Nemer Georges
Published: June 2023

Middle East region experiences a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, yet most genetic studies on Vitamin D have focused on European populations. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the genomic risk factors affecting the elderly population, who are more susceptible to health burden. We investigated the genetic determinants of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in elderly Lebanese individuals (n=199) through a whole exome-based genome-wide association study. We identified new loci with suggestive evidence of an association with Vitamin D levels, including rs141064014 in the MGAM gene (P-value of 4.40 × 10−06) and rs7036592 in PHF2 (P-value of 8.43 × 10−06). A meta-analysis of the Lebanese data and the largest European genome-wide association study confirmed consistence replication of numerous variants, including rs2725405 in SLC38A10 (P-value of 3.73 x 10-08). Despite the lower performance of European-derived polygenic risk scores compared to the European estimations, it still effectively predicted Vitamin D deficiency among elderly Lebanese individuals. Our findings provide novel insights into the genetic mechanisms of Vitamin D deficiency in Middle Eastern elderly populations, facilitating the development of personalized approaches for more effective management of hypovitaminosis D. Additionally, we demonstrated that whole exome-based genome-wide association study is an effective method for identifying genetic components associated with phenotypes.
DEVELOPMENT OF BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES FOR STRENGTHENING OF TURBO-EXPANSION INSTALLATIONS ELEMENTS
Authors: Moiseiev Sergiy , Novikov Maksym , Burniashev Arkadii , Pakki Glib , Tkachuk Mykola А. , Lvov Gennadiy , Kravchenko Sergiy , Podrieza Sergii
Published: June 2023

The paper is aimed at the development of breakthrough technologies for the strengthening of turbo-expander installations. For this purpose, new ways proposed for ensuring the strength of the most hardly loaded elements of turbo-expander installations. They involve a combination of known methods of discrete and continuous strengthening. However, at the same time, the problem of justification of rational parameters and modes of technological operations arises. This problem is caused by the fact that such complex strengthening methods are characterized by a significantly expanded set of varied parameters. In this wide parametric space, their optimal set differs from the optimal sets in narrower subspaces. To determine the influence of varied parameters on the characteristics of the stress-strain state of contacting discretely-continuously strengthened bodies, a number of studies were carried out. The shape of the strengthening area and the material properties of the strengthened zones are varied. A significant influence of varied parameters on the distribution and level of contact pressure and equivalent stresses in the system of contacting bodies has been established. Based on the analysis of the results of these and a number of other studies, recommendations have been developed regarding the design and technological solutions of elements of turbo-expander installations. On this base, a number of turbo-expander units with improved technical characteristics have been developed. In particular, the growth of their resource and efficiency have been ensured.
Keywords: turbo-expander, discrete and continuous strengthening, contact interaction, stress-strain state, technical characteristics
INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE SYNTHETIZED GAS ON THE COMBUSTION PROCESS OF THE MIXTURE IN THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Authors: Chríbik Andrej , Poloni Marián , Magdolen Ľuboš , Majkut Andrej , Protasov Roman
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the use of low-energy synthesized gas (synthesis gas) as a fuel for internal combustion engines, which in turn transmit mechanical energy to a cogeneration plant (combined production of heat and electricity). Such power plants allow you to achieve high values of total effective efficiency when using a conventional internal combustion engine with spark ignition. The analysed synthetic gases can be obtained by the method of gasification of household waste with access to air. In this work, synthesis gases were obtained in laboratory conditions. The composition of the components of the studied synthesis gases corresponds to several gas mixtures that are created during the artificial gasification of household waste of certain categories. The influence of the composition of the synthesis gas components on the internal parameters of the internal combustion engine was studied. The process of supplying fuel to the engine was controlled by a standard block with several sensors connected to it in the combustion chamber and the exhaust manifold. Engine operation on all synthesis gas mixtures was compared with operation on pure methane mixture. The analysis shows that the drop in efficiency indicators in the form of indicator mean effective pressure (IMEP) ranges from 10% to 40% compared to work on a pure methane mixture. With an increase in the proportion of hydrogen in the synthesis gas, the stiffness of the engine, as well as the rate of heat generation, increases. When the synthesis gas contained a high proportion of carbon monoxide, the stiffness of the engine was the lowest. The main combustion time of synthesis gas is reduced when hydrogen is added to the mixture, and due to an increase in the proportion of methane or carbon monoxide, it increases on the contrary. The presented results make it possible to analyses the processes occurring in the internal combustion engine, as well as the influence of the components of the synthesis gas produced from renewable energy sources. This will make it possible to adjust the gas production process in such a way as to achieve the highest possible energy and economic indicators of its utilization in the cogeneration plant.

Keywords: internal combustion engine, synthesis gases, analysis of pressure
Development and Utilization of Drug Lifecycle Data in the United States, Japan, and Europe
Authors: Yang Hee-Soo , Kim So-Young , Park Jong-Hyock
Published: June 2023

Objectives: With the growing interest in big data, regulatory agencies in United States, Japan, and Europe are showing active movements to use RWD and RWE to manage drug safety and development activation. Along with the global movements, it is necessary to establish a basic system for utilizing RWD based drug lifecycle data for drug safety management in Korea. The purpose of this study is to review and find implication of the collection and utilization of drug lifecycle data in the U.S., Japan, and Europe.Methods: In order to investigate the current status and contents of each country’s system, we searched the websites of each country’s regulatory agency and related agencies, and collected and investigated related laws, papers, and reports. We compared and analyzed focusing on solving regulatory problems that may occur in the drug lifecycle or exploring the safety and potential effects of drugs in drug lifecycle phases.Results: Based on FDA Sentinel 5-year plan and MID-NET, the U.S. and Japan are accelerating the generation of real data and real evidence for regulatory decision-making in post-marketing safety management. In Europe, various clinical field-specific projects have been undertaken to assess the effectiveness and safety of drugs due to disease. Various research cases using drug lifecycle data collected from drug safety management systems in each country have been represented.Conclusions: By identifying drug safety management systems and cases of drug lifecycle data utilization in various countries, we expect to serve as a stepping stone for discussions on the direction and utilization plan to efficiently develop drug safety management systems in Korea.
Enhancing the Success of College Algebra Students by Incorporating Adaptive Technologies
Authors: Stefanov Alina , Griffiths Barry J
Published: June 2023

College students in the United States often enrol in introductory mathematics courses to acquire skills and knowledge that will enable them to solve related problems in their careers and daily activities. However, previous studies have shown limited levels of improvement that perpetuate a lack of proficiency. As a result, the gap in performance between top students and those at the bottom continues to increase. Using modern technology has been suggested as part of the solution to help students resolve their difficulties in mathematics and achieve better learning outcomes. This study assesses the longitudinal effect of redesigning College Algebra classes at a large public university, switching from a modified emporium model to a lab-based adaptive model. The results show that after redesigning the course, the pass rate increased from 68% to consistently being over 80%, while the withdrawal rate fell from 8% to 3%.
Building Trust: Strategies for Recruiting Underrepresented Populations in Research during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Claus Leah K. , Jarvis Sara S.
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected racial and ethnic populations within the United States, creating a distinct set of circumstances that exacerbated barriers to research participation for underrepresented communities. This article aims to provide a rationale that validates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these groups and suggests strategies for participant recruitment while sharing lessons learned from our own laboratory. By understanding the barriers that limit the recruitment of intended populations, researchers can implement culturally sensitive strategies and work towards a more inclusive body of literature with improved participation from underrepresented racial and ethnic populations.