bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological profile and management practices of animal bite cases in a tertiary care hospital of Haryana: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sachdeva Aman , Vinay  , Kumar Tarun , Yadav Garima , Tondwal Jyotsna
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Rabies is one of the oldest and deadliest diseases known to man. After the clinical occurrence of rabies, there is no comprehensive treatment possible. However, the development of rabies can be prevented to a large extent if animal bites are managed appropriately and in time. The post-exposure treatment of animal bite cases is of prime importance in this regard. India has the highest burden of animal bite and rabies cases in the world. This imposes a substantial burden on the healthcare delivery services of the country.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Haryana from January 2018 to December 2018. A total of 614 cases were interviewed using a pre-designed, pre-tested, and semi-structured interview schedule.

Results:

Around 80.5% of the bites were inflicted by stray animals, among which 70% of cases were by stray dogs. Precisely, 97.7% of cases took anti-rabies vaccine and 96.6% of cases took Tetanus Toxoid. 204 (33.2%) of victims were category III cases, who needed local infiltration of immunoglobulin but only 46% of them got it. The association of time lag between bite and reporting to the first health facility with socio-economic status, residence, and education was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:

To conclude it was observed that proper wound management practices were lacking in the people of the study area and there is a need to strengthen the availability of provision of free-of-cost life-saving immunoglobulin at the health facility, under the rabies control program.
Identification of spectrum of persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms and their duration in Central India: A pilot study
Authors: Sree Sudha T.Y. , Sasanka K. S. B. S. Krishna , Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , Kuotsu Ruuzeno , William Akanksha G.
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To uncover numerous post-COVID symptoms in individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to raise concerns about the consequences for health care planning.

Methodology:

Patients declared negative with RTPCR and discharged from the hospital were followed up for three months.

Results:

The majority of patients who suffered from weakness since discharge are 63 (25.40%), body aches 40 (16.12%), loss of taste 26 (10.48%), and loss of smell 18 (7.25%). The total of reinfected patients in the 4th week was 9 (3.62%), in the 6th week 10 (4.03%), in the 8th week 7 (2.82%), and in the 12th week 11 (4.43%). A total of 54.7% of individuals still have the persistence of symptoms at the end of the 12th week.

Conclusions:

A significant number of participants developed long-term health issues as a result of post-COVID-19 syndrome. Our findings highlight the importance of initial preventive measures and patient-centered benefit programs in reducing post-COVID-19 complications.
Comparison of bone mineral density in forearm and hip regions and evaluation of area of these 2 sites
Authors: Rajaei Alireza , Abbasi Zahra , Emam Mohammad Mehdi , Ahmadzadeh Arman , Farsad Faraneh , Sadraee Haleh
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Osteoporosis is a common disease among middle-aged and older people. Because bone mineral density (BMD) is obtained by dividing bone mineral content by area, accurate measurement of the surface of the studied area plays an important role. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the area of the hip and forearm regions based on gender and height.

Methods:

In a cross-sectional descriptive study of 758 individuals (702 female and 56 male, divided into 2 groups of ≥50 years old and <50 years old), experienced personnel performed densitometry of the forearm and femur using a Hologic device. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 21.

Results:

In women ≥50 years old who were of white race, one-third of the forearm BMD showed moderate agreement with the femoral neck BMD, and in this group, total forearm BMD showed moderate agreement with the femoral neck BMD. In women <50 years old of Caucasian race, one-third of the forearm BMD showed good agreement with the femoral trochanter. In the same group of individuals, total forearm BMD also showed very good agreement with the femoral trochanter. In women <50 years old of white race, one-third of the forearm BMD showed good agreement with all 4 regions in the femur (trochanter, intertrochanteric, neck, total), and in the same group of individuals, total forearm BMD showed very good agreement with all 4 regions of the femur.

Conclusion:

According to the results obtained for comparison of forearm one-third with hip areas, it seems that simultaneous measurement of the forearm one-third area and different hip areas increases the accuracy of total BMD measurement.
A cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratory characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus in tribal region of Jharkhand at RIMS, Ranchi
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kumar Abhay , Saroj Usha , Kumar Madhusudan , Singh Satyendra Kumar , Kumar Awanish , Singh Pramod Kumar , Munda Punam Kumari , Choudhary Anil Kumar , Farheen Zobia
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, mainly affecting female of child-bearing age group. Clinical scenario of SLE is not well defined in east region of India, especially in tribal region of Jharkhand. This article is mainly focused on clinical and laboratory characteristics of SLE in tribal region of Jharkhand.

Materials and Methods:

This was an analytical cross-sectional single-centered study conducted at RIMS, Ranchi, a tertiary care center of Jharkhand, between November 2020 and October 2021. A total 50 patients were diagnosed as SLE based on Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria.

Results:

Forty-five (90%) of patients in our study were female, with female to male ratio of 9:1. The mean age of presentation was 26.78 ± 8.12. Constitutional symptoms were found in 96% of patients, followed by anemia in 90% of patients. Renal involvement was found in 74% of patients, followed by polyarthritis (72%), malar rash (60%), and neurological manifestations (40%). Anti-nuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA, and anti-Smith antibodies were found positive in 100%, 84%, and 80% of patients, respectively.

Conclusions:

Clinical characteristics of SLE as per our study would help the health care professionals in this region to identify the disease at early stage and initiate appropriate treatment.
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among diabetes, prediabetes and healthy population
Authors: Kumar Pratyush , Rawat Sonia , Kakar Atul , Sinha Abhay K.
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global emerging health issue, which is due to extra fat deposition in the liver that poses a serious risk of liver cirrhosis. Our study assessed the glycaemic status and NAFLD in health patients coming for a regular health check-ups.

Material and Methods:

This descriptive study was done on 192 healthy populations aged 30–70 years who underwent general health check-ups. History, clinical examination, heamtological and radiological workup were done and data were statistically evaluated.

Results:

The age of the study population was between 30 and 70 years with an average age of 50 years and the study sample size was 190. Prevalence of prediabetes was 35.93%, diabetes at 17.18% and euglycaemics were 45.83% in our study group. Among diabetics and prediabetics, 30% and 31% were having raised transaminase. Among euglycaemics, around 19% had raised transaminase. On ultrasound scans among the diabetic group, the prevalence of fatty liver was 57.6% whereas in the prediabetic group it was 46.4%. Among the normal euglycaemic group, 22.7% had fatty liver.

Conclusion:

NAFLD is multifactorial and associated with diabetes and can progress to cirrhosis of the liver if untreated. There is a need to have more focus on screening, awareness, nutritional counselling and treatment at the primary care level.
Clinical and epidemiological profile of snakebite cases – A study from an industrial teaching hospital at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Authors: Satyanarayan Bhagyalakshmi , Panda Suman Kumar , Sunder Ashok , Kumari Sarita
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

India accounts for approximately half of the worldwide snakebite deaths. It is often a neglected public health problem and particularly in Jharkhand region where medical facilities are limited. Epidemiological and clinical profile-related studies are scarce. The present study aims to assess the epidemiological profile and clinical features of snakebites encountered in a tertiary-care teaching hospital at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.

Aims and Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, outcome and epidemiological factors of snakebite cases, admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Jamshedpur.

Material and Methods:

This was a retrospective study from 2014 to 2021 wherein a total of 427 snakebite patients were admitted and had received treatment for snakebite at a tertiary-care teaching hospital at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. All patients who reported with a history of snakebite were included in this study. The demographic and clinical details of each case were obtained and analysed.

Result:

A total of 427 snakebite cases were admitted to the hospital during the study period. The victims were predominantly males. Majority of the bite cases encountered were from rural areas and were in the second quarter of the year. The site of the bite was largely on the lower limb and the upper limb had fewer bites. The Glasgow Coma Scale was normal in those who presented early. Acute kidney injury, neutrophilic leucocytosis and deranged liver enzymes were associated with bad prognosis. Timely intervention with anti-snake venom offered good result.

Conclusion:

We had more male patients (69.55%), belonging to rural areas (67.91%), more bites in lower limbs and more cases in the second quarter of the year. Mortality rate was 0.7%.
Comparing the efficacy and complications of Endoscopic Biliary Drainage (EBD) and Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sanjari Pirayvatlou Peyman , Roushan Nader , Sanjari Pirayvatlou Pouyan , Majidi Alireza , Khorshidi Zeinab
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objective:

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is a rare malignancy in patients with biliary disease. If jaundice and obstruction before surgery are left untreated, then they can cause side effects such as cholangitis, delayed tumor treatment, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality. Surgery is the main treatment for HCCA. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the efficacy and complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD).

Methods:

This cohort study was conducted on 20 patients with biliary obstruction who had been selected by simple random sampling and divided into two groups of EBD and PTBD. Three weeks after surgery, patients were compared in terms of bilirubin levels and postoperative complications. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (table, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher’s test).

Results:

Independent t-test did not show a significant difference between the two groups in terms of bilirubin level (P = 0.77). However, despite a decrease in bilirubin level in both groups, independent t-test showed that this difference was not significant (P = 0.08). Fisher’s exact test showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative complications (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Using both drainage methods before surgery reduced bilirubin levels in patients, but EBD method had fewer side effects than PTBD method. The EBD method was performed under the direct supervision of a gastroenterologist. In performing this procedure, specialist physicians should have more supervision.
Comparing intensity of pain due to intravenous injection of sodium thiopental, propofol, diazepam, and etomidate during induction of general anesthesia
Authors: Abdi Naeem , Alizadeh Masumeh , Bashti Somayeh , Hejr Hossein , Sabz Gholamabbas , Zaj Parisa , Mansourian Afshin , Gholamiyan Avishan
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to compare the pain intensity due to intravenous injection of sodium thiopental, propofol, diazepam, and etomidate during the induction of general anesthesia.

Methods:

This was a non-controlled quasi-experimental double-blinded study performed on eligible patients referred to the operating room of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Yasouj. A total of 200 patients were randomly selected by convenience sampling and based on a table of random numbers generated on a computer. They were then randomly divided into four intervention groups based on random blocks (sodium thiopental, propofol, etomidate, and diazepam). Finally, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive as well as analytical statistical tests such as Chi-square, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and Bonferroni post hoc test were analyzed in SPSS ver. 24.

Results:

The results of the present study showed that the diazepam group experienced the highest pain intensity (8.42) compared to other groups, which was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Also, the sodium thiopental group experienced the highest pain (6.92) after the diazepam group, which was also statistically significant as compared to the other remaining two groups (P = 0.001). Propofol and etomidate groups experienced the lowest pain intensity (3.30 and 3.26, respectively).

Conclusion:

The present study revealed that the use of diazepam and sodium thiopental as anesthetic drugs was generally associated with greater pain intensity during injection and less hemodynamic stability. The results of the present study indicated that propofol and etomidate are preferred over diazepam and sodium thiopental in abdominal and gastrointestinal surgeries, considering their less pain intensity and fewer hemodynamic changes.
Double encephalocele: A rare neural tube defect
Authors: Singh Aditya P , Kumar Ajay , Barolia Dinesh K , Solanki Narayan , Bathia Harsha V
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Neural tube defects are common pediatric surgical conditions. Among them, encephalocele represents the protrusion of the brain component through the cranial defect. Double encephalocele is a rare entity, with only five cases reported in literature.We report a case of congenital double encephalocele with review of literature.
Enhancing spinal subdural collection in an operated case of pediatric posterior fossa ependymoma
Authors: Gala Foram Bharat , Gupta Neeti , Chawla Pawan , Agarwal Harshal , Andar Uday
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Enhancing spinal subdural collections can occur post-operatively in posterior fossa tumors. These are transient, benign, do not cause spinal cord compression, and usually resolve without any intervention or active treatment. These may be misdiagnosed as leptomeningeal metastases which are typically seen in subarachnoid space and not in subdural space. The radiologist must be aware of this entity to avoid misdiagnosis. We report a case of pediatric posterior fossa ependymoma who post-operatively showed enhancing subdural collections in spinal canal.
Ruptured ACoM Aneurysm with Anomalous Origin of Bilateral ACA from the Cavernous Segment: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tripathi Manjul , Singh Tejasvi , Batish Aman , Ahuja Chirag K. , Mohindra Sandeep
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Anterior communicating artery (ACoM) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) are the most common locations of anomalous variations and aneurysm formation. Infraoptic origin of ACA is an extremely rare anatomical variant. This case report illustrates an extremely rare anatomical variation of bilateral infraoptic origin of ACA with ruptured ACoM aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The authors detail this case in the light of the available literature and operative nuance in its management. For the treatment of a complex situation, accurate understanding of the anatomic variations, intraoperative three-dimensional orientation, proper imaging study, and extremely careful technique are essential.
Sjögren syndrome in childhood mimicking pediatric multiple sclerosis
Authors: Cavusoglu Dilek , O Dundar Nihal , Gencpinar Pinar , Kaya Furkan , Oztekin Ozgur
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The differential diagnosis of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) presents a wide spectrum of diseases. Sjögren syndrome (SS) is also a rare cause of this disease. Neurological involvement in SS ranges from peripheral neuropathies to the central nervous system (CNS). We report the case of a 5-year-old boy with a possible diagnosis with SS based on positive minor salivary gland biopsy findings and positive anti-smooth muscle antibodies, also fulfilling the 2017 McDonald criteria. If a patient is younger and meets the MS criteria clinically and radiologically, it is suggested to carefully examine the CNS demyelination in a patient for autoimmune diseases, particularly SS.
Pituitary Carcinoma in Paediatric Age Group: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Bhandari Virendra , Lodhi Anand , Lodi Ashar Iqbal , Sharma Somya
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Pituitary Carcinoma is a rare neoplasm and presentation in paediatric age group is even rarer (1:1,000,000). In contrast to pituitary adenomas, pituitary carcinomas are more commonly non-functioning. Furthermore, due to the lack of specific markers, the diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma remains difficult prior to demonstration of metastasis. In view of the rarity of this disease, treatment is often difficult to plan. We present a case of seven years age old female who presented with left eye ptosis associated with squint, double vision and headache. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Brain revealed large mass lesion in region of sella extending into suprasellar cistern and left parasellar region suggestive of Pituitary Macroadenoma. She underwent partial excision of tumour under neuro navigation. Histopathology suggestive of pituitary lesion with atypical feature. Block review showed pituitary carcinoma. We present here the details of this rare tumour.
Rhombencephalo Synapsis: A Rare Cerebellar Anomaly with Gómez–López-Hernández Syndrome
Authors: Cornelius Leema Pauline , Elango Neeraj , Jeyaram Venkateswaran Kuttava
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Rhombencephalo synapsis (RES) is a rare cerebellar anomaly characterized by vermian agenesis and fusion of cerebellar hemispheres. It can occur as an isolated anomaly or with other cerebral, extracranial anomalies. The syndromic associations include Gómez–López-Hernández syndrome (GLHS) and VACTERL association.
Spontaneous Regression of Fetal Dural Sinus Malformation
Authors: Yarlagadda Sneha , Rangasami Rajeswaran , Suresh Indrani
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Fetal dural sinus malformation is a rare, congenital cerebrovascular malformation which requires proper diagnosis and follow-up. Here, we report a case of dural sinus malformation with partial thrombosis diagnosed in the second trimester by sonography and fetal magnetic resonance imaging, with subsequent spontaneous regression.
Epilepsy in Children: Cognitive Development and Academic Performance
Authors: Kacheria Aayushi N. , Kanhere Sujata V. , Goel Anjalee
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Context:

Majority of epilepsy begins in childhood and may adversely affect cognitive development making children with epilepsy (CWE) vulnerable to educational problems. Paucity of studies from India evaluating the cognitive development and academic performance of school-going CWE emphasizes the need for this study.

Aims:

The aim of this article is to assess the cognitive development and academic performance of school-going CWE, between 6 and 12 years of age.

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Pediatric Neurology Clinic in a tertiary level teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Forty CWE aged 6–12 years, attending regular school, and taking anti-epileptic drugs were assessed for their cognitive development (IQ) using Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children and their academic performance using the school annual report card.

Statistical Analysis:

Tests of significance such as χ2, one-way analysis of variance, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used, P < 0.05 taken as statistically significant.

Results:

The mean IQ of CWE was 85.6. Sixteen children (42.1%) had an IQ of 90 and above, 15 (39.5%) had an IQ of 70–89, and 7 (18.42%) had Intellectual Disability (IQ<70). Eighty-five percent of CWE scored above 50% in their previous academic year. The category with a higher academic performance had a higher mean IQ (P = 0.001). The category with a lower academic performance had a higher mean number of seizures (P = 0.048).

Conclusion:

The majority of school-going CWE on treatment (81.58%) did not have intellectual disability with average-to-good performance in school. Seizure control affected academic performance positively.
Anesthetic considerations and care management of children with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Palaniswamy Sangeetha R , Mishra Rajeeb , Srinivas Dwarakanath
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the pediatric population persists to be a global health burden contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. The in-hospital management of pediatric TBI differs from adult TBI due to the various inherent age-specific anatomical, physiological, and pathological differences. Their peri-operative care encompasses initial stabilization in the emergency room, sedation for diagnostic imaging, medical management in the intensive care unit, anesthesia for emergent decompressive craniotomies in the operating room, support of recovery from anesthesia in the postoperative suite, and postoperative management in the emergency trauma care unit until hospital discharge. Disturbed cerebral autoregulation and compromised intracranial compliance predispose to cerebral ischemia and edema. Refractory intracranial hypertension is observed to be the most important predictor of poor outcome and mortality in these patients. Multimodal neuromonitoring paves the way for a better contemplation of the underlying intracranial pressure, cerebral hemodynamics, cerebral oxygenation, and neuronal electrical activity. The peri-operative goals revolve around the maintenance of cerebral and systemic homeostasis, the key components of which are discussed here. This review also discusses the key recommendations and practice guidelines proposed by the Brain Trauma Foundation for the critical care management of pediatric patients with severe TBI. A thorough knowledge about pediatric neuroanatomy and neuropathophysiology of TBI in concordance with the multidisciplinary application of best management practices fosters the best possible neurocognitive outcome among pediatric TBI survivors.
Calvarial melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare case report
Authors: Nandigama Pratap Kumar , Manne Srikrishnaditya , Musali Siddartha Reddy , Beniwal Hemant Kumar , Rao Gollapudi Prakash
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background:

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MTNI) is a rare congenital tumor of neural crest origin. It is a locally aggressive tumor affecting infants during the first year of life. It commonly arises in the maxilla, mandible, and in the cranial vault. MTNI is usually a benign lesion. Occasionally, it may turn malignant. Though the tumor can be detected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, an exact diagnosis can only be made by histopathology and immunostaining. Complete surgical excision of the tumor is the gold standard treatment of choice. Benign cranial vault tumors have a good prognosis in contrast to malignant tumors.

Case Description:

A 3-year-old male child was brought by his mother to the outpatient department with complaints of a large swelling on the left temporal-parieto-occipital region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were done which revealed a large hyperdense and hypointense mass in the left temporal-parieto-occipital region with lytic alterations in the skull. The tumor was excised, and tissue sent for histopathology and immunostaining, which revealed a diagnosis of a malignant neuroectodermal tumor of infancy. The patient recovered well in the follow-up period.

Conclusion:

We report an exceedingly rare case of giant malignant neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (progonoma).
Spinal metastasis from pediatric supratentorial glioblastoma: Is it the price of an extended survival? An interesting case and review of literature
Authors: Maurya Ved Prakash , Datta Aanchal , Das Kuntal Kanti , Singh Mayank , Pal Lily , Misra Shagun , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Srivastava Arun K , Jaiswal Awadhesh Kumar , Behari Sanjay
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common of all the primary brain tumors with a dismal prognosis. Pediatric GBM, despite being rare, is associated with a relatively better survival than the adults. However, an increased survival could subject these children to some rare events like a spinal metastasis. Herein, we report an interesting case of a 9-year-old boy who was operated on under emergent circumstances for a left fronto-temporo-insular GBM at our institute. A maximal safe resection of the tumor was achieved followed by adjuvant chemoradiation. The boy was doing well in the follow-up visits until about a year and a half after the surgery when he presented again with quadriparesis. On a cervical spine imaging, a circumferential, enhancing mass was seen draped around the cervicothoracic spinal cord, consistent with a spinal subarachnoid (leptomeningeal) metastatic deposit. We discussed the prognosis and the relatives preferred a supportive treatment. The child eventually died after 4 weeks. We discuss the literature on the incidence, pattern, and outcome of spinal metastasis from supratentorial GBM in general and the pediatric population in particular.
Leishmania RNA Virus Is Not Detected in All Species of the Leishmania Viannia Subgenus: The Case of L. (V.) panamensis in Colombia
Authors: Rosales-Chilama Mariana , Y. Oviedo Monica , K. Quintero Yury , L. Fernández Olga , Gómez María Adelaida
Published: January 2023

The endosymbiotic Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) has been associated with severity and clinical manifestations of American tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by species of the Leishmania (Viannia) subgenus. Between and within Leishmania species, and among endemic countries, the prevalence of LRV is highly variable. The LRV virus has not been detected in L. (V.) panamensis, the second-most prevalent species in Central America and Colombia. However, no systematic screening of LRV has been conducted in L. (V.) panamensis, and thus it is still controversial whether this virus is truly absent from the species. We sought to determine the prevalence of LRV1 in L. (V.) panamensis clinical strains isolated from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), from different geographic areas of Colombia. We analyzed 219 clinical strains; 78% were L. (V.) panamensis, 18% were L. (V.) braziliensis, and 4% were L. (V.) guyanensis. Screening for LRV1 was performed by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The LRV1 was detected in 18% (7 of 40) of L. (V) braziliensis strains, and was not detected in any of the L. (V.) guyanensis or L. (V.) panamensis strains. The LRV1-positive L. (V). braziliensis strains came from the Amazon Basin. Of the seven LRV1-positive strains, two were isolated from patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and the remaining from patients with CL. Our results confirm the absence of LRV1 in L. (V.) panamensis in Colombia.
Case Report: Mpox – Not Just a Rash
Authors: Contag Caitlin A. , Karan Abraar , Studemeister Lucy , Bansil Rajat , Fong Isabel , Srinivasan Krithika , Salinas Jorge L. , Narasimhan Supriya , Cooper Joseph D. , Sahni Harleen
Published: January 2023

Mpox (formally monkeypox) is an Orthopoxvirus associated with both zoonotic and person-to-person spread. Human mpox classically presents with rash and systemic symptoms. Although sporadic outbreaks of mpox have occurred worldwide, the 2022 outbreak is the first of pandemic significance. Thousands of geographically dispersed cases were reported beginning in May 2022. The clinical presentations and outcomes of mpox infection have varied greatly based on viral clade. Further guidance is needed for clinicians to diagnose and treat this emerging infection. We present five clinical vignettes of confirmed cases diagnosed in June and July 2022 in northern California to demonstrate the range of mpox disease, including myocarditis, pharyngitis, epididymitis, and proctitis. We note a significant overlap with HIV infection and a high rate of concurrent sexually transmitted infection. Given the heterogenous presentations of mpox disease, clinicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion in patients with oropharyngeal or genital lesions, proctitis, or new rash.
Are tourism strategies responsive to critical events?
Authors: Marot Naja , Klepej David , Ograjenšek Irena
Published: January 2023

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought tourism to an abrupt halt. Supply-side stakeholders suddenly found themselves in a lockdown with unusable assets, unprofitable investments and jobs in jeopardy. Using qualitative research, we take a closer look at how they dealt with this unprecedented crisis in the Slovenian urban destinations of Ljubljana and Maribor. Our results show that existing policy and strategy mechanisms did not equip the supply-side stakeholders to tackle the pandemic challenges. However, both institutional ad hoc responses were quick and to some extent adequate.
Produtividade de minicepas e enraizamento de miniestacas de sapucaia (Lecythis lanceolata)
Authors: Sant'Ana Bruna Tomaz , Berude Marciana Christo , Feletti Thaís Arão , Caldeira Marcos Vinicius Winckler , Gonçalves Elzimar de Oliveira
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a miniestaquia como técnica de propagação vegetativa e o efeito da aplicação de diferentes doses de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de miniestacas de Lecythis lanceolata. Os tratamentos constituíram-se em duas coletas de brotações, nas doses de 0, 2.000, 4.000 e 8.000 mg L-1 de AIB, (fatorial 2 x 4), com quatro repetições, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O minijardim seminal de Lecythis lanceolata apresenta potencial para fornecimento de miniestacas. Não houve influência da aplicação de auxina no enraizamento das miniestacas, sugerindo que a espécie apresenta baixa capacidade de emitir raízes.
Role of Forgiveness in The Grief Process for Children in Crisis
Authors: Gaskin Judy Ann
Published: January 2023

Children are a group of people who often experience trauma, which then leads to a cycle of cycle. Various psychological help has been sought but has not addressed spiritual recovery. This study discusses forgiveness in the process of children who are in crisis so that spiritual development occurs in children. The author uses various library sources and analyzes the biblical text in discussing the topic. This study uses hermeneutical approaches to promoting biblical texts as applicable to everyday life. Forgiveness plays an essential role in the recovery process. Children need help identifying what they are grateful for regarding the forgiveness process. Gratitude produces liberation and leads to hope, thus leading to change thatresults in spiritual healing. To help children forgive, children need reconciliation with the creator. To meet this need, spiritual directors play an important role in assisting children to meet their spiritual needs. Spiritual directors can help traumatized children replace their distorted view of themselves, others, and God with a proper view of the truth. This study aims to involve the contribution of existing practical theology to propose the idea of the role of forgiveness in the grieving process for children experiencing a crisis.
Das fluide Ich: Tränen in Goethes ‚Die Leiden des jungen Werthers‘ (1774) und Jacobis ‚Woldemar‘ (1779)
Authors: Alt Peter-André
Published: January 2023

Departing from a brief survey of enlightened studies on medical and anthropological functions of tears, the essay tackles the poetic and psychological aspects in which German novels of the late 18th century are depicting crying heroes and their affective economies. Goethe’s ‘Werther’ is showing a main character whose tears as a form of emotional comment are following the verbal apperception of reality. In Jacobi’s ‘Woldemar’ the stream of tears turns into the major medium of self constitution. The novels characterize an ambiguous ego, both unstable and presumptious, weak and powerful. They prelude the romantic ego and its autonomous constitution by acts of self-imposition as a medium of hybrid subjectivity.
"Des Pöbels Herzen sind mein.": Schillers Abgrenzung und Funktionalisierung der Plebs als Programm
Authors: Take-Walter Viktoria
Published: January 2023

Building on Friedrich Schiller’s canonisation as a poet of the entire nation that was united in the reception of his works, at least in the 19th century, I examine his utilisation and functionalisation of the term ›Pöbel‹ (rabble). According to concepts of history of ideas and cultural studies, I understand the usage, however pejorative and excluding, as a provocative means of addressing the audience. Analysing selected dramas (‘Die Räuber’, ‘Die Verschwörung des Fiesko zu Genua’, ‘Don Karlos’, ‘Wallensteins Tod’ and ‘Maria Stuart’) as well as some of Schiller’s theoretical texts (for example ‘Gedanken über den Gebrauch des Gemeinen und Niedrigen in der Kunst’), I map out the semantic tendencies of the term which are expressed by the ‘dramatis personae’. Although it could be assumed that Schiller’s view of the people may have changed over the events of the French Revolution, I conclude that Schiller used the term ›Pöbel‹ as a dramaturgical tool to ›aesthetically ­educate‹ his audience during all stages of his career.
Wissenschaft und Kunst: Die Begriffe ‚Vereinigung‘, ‚Wechselwirkung‘ und ‚Bestimmbarkeit‘ in Fichtes ‚Wissenschaftslehre‘ und in Schillers ‚Ästhetischen Briefen‘
Authors: Lucke Alexa
Published: January 2023

On the basis of the identical terms ›Vereinigung‹, ›Wechselwirkung‹ and ›Bestimmbarkeit‹ in Fichte’s ‘Foundations of the Science of Knowledge’ and Schiller’s letters ‘On the Aesthetic Education of Man’, this article examines the relationship between science and art in both texts. In order to analyse the respective underlying concepts of knowledge, the semantic uses, methodological differences, and epistemological relations of the three terms are compared. Whereas Fichte ultimately rejects his own concept of ›Wechselwirkung‹ due to his adherence to strict scientific and disciplinary guidelines, Schiller uses its epistemological potential to practice his claim to an ›aesthetic art‹. This aesthetic and artistic transformation of philosophical issues represents a temporary connection between the knowledge systems science and art as well as philosophy and literature.
Naturwissenschaft, Mythos, Kunst: Licht und Finsternis in Goethes ‚Faust‘
Authors: Weber Valentin
Published: January 2023

Light and darkness are examined as central motifs in Goethe’s ‘Faust’ in four thematic complexes: 1. christian-divine light; 2. art; 3. remembering and forgetting and 4. seeing. These themes are brought together with four contemporary discourses: 1. natural science, specifically the physics of light; 2. mythology; 3. psychology and 4. art. This results in many interpretative approaches for ‘Faust’, such as the light that creates harmony/order in the ›Prolog‹ or Mephisto as the attacker of this harmony/order, who implicitly pleads for the dark unconscious. The concept of obscure or dark and light states of consciousness as well as the psychology of obscure perceptions are also discussed several times. The role of reflection from contemporary painting as a way of illuminating dark shadows is applied to Mephisto. The thesis that light in ‘Faust’ emerges from darkness is anchored in the discourses of the physics of light, natural philosophy and religion and, related to this, the Romantic idea of a dialectical world formula, is identified. In the ›Zueignung‹, the wavering forms are made legible as muses, and the poetic figure and consequently the text itself are interpreted as holding the key to the world formula. Illusion and (self-)­deception are discussed as well as the correspondences between the lighting situation and the inner brightness level of the figures. In addition to the link between the night and ­remembering and forgetting, the performance of a contemporary glare experiment in the ›Anmutige Gegend‹ is elaborated. In the case of seeing, the sinful-sexual side is also illuminated, as well as the nocturnal blindness towards the end of Part II.
Nachleben und Dokumentation: ‚Antigone‘ als Modellbuch bei Bertolt Brecht
Authors: Knierzinger Lucas
Published: January 2023

The paper elaborates on the format of the model book in Bertolt Brecht’s work, focusing on the 1948 production of ‘Antigone’. For this performance, Brecht developed a model book together with Ruth Berlau and the stage designer Caspar Neher in order to document the development and staging of the play. The paper explores the interrelation between Brecht’s concept of the model and the practices, narrative procedures, and media of documentation. In this context, the question of afterlife proves to be central both to the plot of ‘Antigone’ and to questions of documenting and archiving theatrical work. The paper problematizes the model book as an essential example of Brecht’s work politics, in which claims of regulation and control conflict with those of unplanned change and renewal.
"Die Welt glaubt nicht an die Gerechtigkeit des Weibes, sobald ein Weib das Opfer wird": Geschichtstheater als Literaturgeschichtstheater. Elfriede Jelineks ‚Ulrike Maria Stuart‘
Authors: Lenz Anna
Published: January 2023

In 2006, Elfriede Jelinek wrote a play in which Ulrike Meinhof and Gudrun Ensslin ­appeared on stage in interaction with Mary Queen of Scotts and Elizabeth I. By referring back to Schiller’s ‘Maria Stuart’, ‘Ulrike Maria Stuart’ raises questions about the female role and voice within history on the one hand, but also in literary history on the other. How much agency does the woman have in the story? How does historiography deal with femininity and violence? How is historical knowledge conveyed in historical theater? How does historical theater deal with women and what is its relationship to the political discourses of its time? Jelinek’s intertextual return to what is probably the most important German-language history play in connection with the two women at the head of the RAF formulates historical-theoretical questions which – according to the thesis of the following article – also deal poetologically with aspects of historiographical inter­pretation in historical dramas and the responsibility those plays may withhold towards a collective and cultural memory.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LITERATURA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: DISCUSSÕES NECESSÁRIAS
Authors: PIRES WEISSBOCK ECKSTEIN MANUELA , MARIA JOHANN MAGALI , CAMARGO ARRUDA MARIA JULIA
Published: January 2023

Levando em consideração que as crianças estão integradas a uma sociedade letrada, acredita-se que as mesmas estão expostas à leitura e à escrita de maneira frequente. Nesse sentido, algumas pesquisas colaboram para uma discussão sobre como a Literatura Infantil contribui para as práticas de alfabetização e letramento durante a pandemia do Covid-19, especialmente no contexto do isolamento social. Soares (2000), Abramovich (1997) e Annie Rouxel (2013), tornam-se referências para essa discussão, que buscou responder a seguinte questão: diante da pandemia do Covid-19 e do isolamento social, qual foi a contribuição da Literatura Infantil no processo de alfabetização e letramento de crianças matriculadas no primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental? Para conhecer as possíveis respostas a esse questionamento, utilizamos uma abordagem do tipo qualitativa e de caráter bibliográfico. Foram utilizadas as entrevistas (com perguntas do tipo abertas) com professores que trabalharam no ano de 2020 e 2021, atuando como docentes do primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental em escolas públicas e privadas no município de Pitanga/PR. Percebeu-se que durante o período de pandemia do Covid-19, as escolas passaram a adotar estratégias diferentes para se manter conectados com os estudantes, medidas estas, que ocorreram por meio do espaço virtual, no modelo remoto. Emerge dos dados coletados, a constatação de que os professores alfabetizadores tiveram que selecionar obras literárias de grande interesse para as crianças, à medida que as liam e as experimentam como elementos da prática alfabetizadora. Percebeu-se que com a literatura, o docente deveria pensar em estratégias que pudessem proporcionar, mesmo remotamente, experiências para a construção da identidade das crianças com suas famílias e as novas percepções de mundo.
PRÁTICAS DE PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL NO CICLO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO: ENTRELACES DO PROJETO EU SOU ESCRITOR
Authors: FERNANDES DE LIMA DAMASCENO GERVIZ , HÉLIO DAMASCENO FERREIRA FRANCISCO , FERNANDES DE LIMA GENIZIA , MARIA SAMPAIO DA SILVA FEITOSA DIAS IDALINA
Published: January 2023

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular propõe construir o domínio progressivo das práticas de letramento, focalizando a produção de textos em diferentes gêneros, a partir da situação comunicativa das práticas de linguagens e seus campos de atuação, sempre tendo em vista a interatividade, protagonismo e autoria. Nos primeiros anos, isso representa saber para que serve a escrita e como ser capaz de começar a praticá-la. O presente artigo tem por finalidade compreender as contribuições da produção textual no processo de alfabetização nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental através do projeto “Eu sou Escritor”, implementado no ano de 2021 e desenvolvido durante o ano letivo de 2022, na rede pública de ensino do município de Tianguá-Ceará. Caracterizada metodologicamente, como uma pesquisa qualitativa, com que utiliza, enquanto procedimentos técnicos, a pesquisa-ação. Busca dialogar a teoria através de autores como Geraldi (1997, 2006), Macedo (2005), Leal (2005), Glayds Rocha (2005), tecendo contribuições que colaborem com a prática de produção de texto no Ensino Fundamental. Em cada etapa percebemos gradativamente a descoberta através da escrita que deve ser iniciada e vivenciada desde cedo com as crianças, a princípio está interligada com o mundo da fantasia, do imaginário dos livros infantis, promovendo desenvolvimento cognitivo, afetivo e social. Os resultados alcançados através das atividades propostas em sala de aula demonstraram que o uso dos gêneros textuais como ponto de partida para a leitura e escrita no início da alfabetização, desloca a criança de uma posição menos autônoma para uma maior, em relação à sua própria escrita. Ainda que os alunos dessa etapa de ensino, não estejam plenamente apropriados do sistema de escrita alfabética, o professor pode adotar estratégias, transformando o escritor iniciante em um descobridor de conhecimentos escondidos entre as linhas de uma história.
Artritis ve Omfalitisli Buzağılarda Serum İmmünoglobulin ve Nitrik Oksit Seviyeleri
Authors: KAYIKCI Caner , GENÇCELEP Musa , KARASU Abdullah , ÖZKAN Cumali , ASLAN Loğman , SANCAK Tunahan
Published: January 2023

Omfalitis ve artritis buzağılarda sıklıkla karşılaşılan ve ciddi ekonomik kayıplara sebep olan hastalıklardandır. Bu çalışmada omfalitisli ve artiritisli buzağılarda serum immünoglobulin ve NO düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve sağlıklı buzağılara göre bu parametrelerdeki değişimlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın hayvan materyalini Van ili ve çevresinden sağlanan 20 artritisli ve 20 omfalitisli değişik ırk, yaş ve cinsiyette buzağı (çalışma grubu) ile klinik olarak sağlıklı 15 buzağı (kontrol grubu) oluşturmuştur. Hayvanların klinik ve radyolojik muayeneleri yapılarak kan örnekleri toplandı. Kan örneklerinden, immünoglobulin A (IgA), immünoglobulin M (IgM), immünoglobulin G (IgG), gama glutamil transferaz (GGT) ve nitrik oksit (NO) düzeyleri ELİSA cihazı ile tespit edildi. Çalışmamızda artritisli buzağıların ortalama kan serum IgA, IgM, IgG, GGT ve NO seviyeleri sırasıyla 0.55 mg/ml, 4.63 mg/ml, 4.33 mg/ml, 29.63 ng/ml, 624.1 µmol/L olarak bulunmuştur. Omfalitisli buzağıların ortalama kan serum IgA, IgM, IgG, GGT ve NO seviyeleri sırasıyla 0.52 mg/ml, 4.39 mg/ml, 2.04 mg/ml, 28.51 ng/ml, 538.75 µmol/L olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, omfalitis ve artritis tanısı konan hayvanların serum IgA, IgM, IgG ve GGT seviyelerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlemlenmemiştir. Serum NO seviyelerinde ise omfalitis grubunda istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlemlenmezken, artritis grubunda anlamlı bir fark gözlemlenmiştir.
Omnichannel Business Strategy for MSME to Increase Profit during Post-Pandemic: A Case of Jaya Raya Store
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Gelap Nyawang, No. 1, Bandung, Indonesia, 40132., Gunawan Cedric
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze business issue of Jaya Raya Store as one of the MSME in Indonesia during post-pandemic, determining what kind of channel can be beneficial, how the channels proposed work well, determining the possible combination of channels as strategies to solve the business issue. The business issue was identified by using 5 why analysis and this study was made by using quantitative data obtained through distributing questionnaire surveys to 203 potential customers of Jaya Raya Store. The data is then analyzed by using regression analysis through SPSS statistics. Result of the research shows that for the business to keep improving especially during post-pandemic, expanding business channels is necessary and it is proofed that some channels such as phygital, digital promotions and digital catalogs have a great influence on customer awareness and their purchase decision. This study has the value that can be seen form the interesting strategies which can also be used for other business that experience the same business issues as Jaya Raya Store. The author has researched through channels as the variables of this study and provided four business solutions with implementation plan proposed for 1 year period. Business stakeholders need to focus on expanding the business channels so that more potential customers can be reached. This study discussed on four variables as the solutions such as phygital, digital promotions, social media, and digital catalog. The findings of this study can be a consideration for other business stakeholder to choose the best strategy for their business and it can be used for those who agree by applying the proposed business solutions and implementation plan to influence the potential customer awareness and their purchase decision.