bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a Formula to Estimate Precipitation at Ungauged Location and Analysis of Rainfall Pattern: Case Study for Rastra Bank Chowk, Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Basnet Keshav , Poudel Kabita
Published: February 2022

Pokhara receives the second highest amount of rainfall in the country, according to Department of Hydrology and Meteorology. The rainfall distribution within this small region is random. The precipitation in Pokhara is measured from limited rain gauge stations. For understanding the spatial variation, it is necessary to access the daily rainfall data at the gauged as well as ungauged stations.  In view of this problem, this study is aimed at developing the formula to estimate the rainfall value at an ungauged station, Rastrabank Chowk Pokhara using the calibration and validation method. For this purpose, the daily rainfall data of the sample station was measured using standard rain gauge for a period of four months from May 13, 2020 to September 15, 2020. The analysis of the spatial distribution and variation of daily rainfall at meteorological stations as well as sample station was done to select the data for the development of the formula. Calibration and validation of formula was performed for equal period using the statistical indices NSE, R2 and PBIAS. Calibration was performed using rainfall data of available meteorological stations of Pokhara in the first two consecutive months. From the numerous hit and trial procedures, the equation developed with rainfall data of Airport and Malepatan stations comprising of three constant values were obtained with the highest NSE and R2. PBIAS value was then calculated for maximum NSE and R2. In the next phase, validation of the equation for other two months (14 July- 15 September,2020) was performed to obtain maximum possible value of NSE and R2 and a smaller value of PBIAS. The equation was obtained with 0.980 NSE, 0.980 R2 and 6.437 % PBIAS value which indicated good agreement between observed and predicted rainfall value. Spatial rainfall pattern analysis using SURFER model demonstrated that there was a homogenous distribution of rainfall in Malepatan, Airport and sample stations. The temporal trend showed that the month July of 2020 had a higher amount of precipitation at Pokhara valley. From the HYSPLIT model, it was observed that the rainfall events in Pokhara valley was due to westerlies dominance. This study would provide the rainfall estimation techniques and hence would significantly contribute to meteorological investigations and water resource planning.
MODELING THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS’ HEALTH SAVING AND EMOTIONAL AND ETHICAL COMPETENCIES IN POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION
Authors:   Institute of Higher Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Skyba Yurii , Kocherha Yevheniia ,   Dnipro Academy of Continuing Education
Published: February 2022

У статті розкрито актуальність розвитку здоров’язбережувальної та емоційно-етичної компетентностей учителів, які є складовими їхньої професійної компетентності. Обґрунтовано теоретичну модель розвитку здоров’язбережувальної та емоційно-етичної компетентностей учителів у післядипломній освіті. Розкрито змістове наповнення мотиваційно-ціннісного, організаційно-змістового, діяльнісно-операційного та аналітико-результативного блоків розробленої моделі. Запропоновано впровадження у практику артвправ «Прорости зернятко», «Каракулі», «Люблю і роблю», «Моя тканина», «Чарівна паличка», які сприяють розвитку у вчителів навичок знаходження власних ресурсів для професійного вдосконалення та активної життєдіяльності.
THE ESSENCE OF DEFINITIONS AS «INNOVATION», «INNOVATION ACTIVITY» IN THE HIGHER SCHOOL
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Sharata Nataliia , Tvelina Alisa ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University
Published: February 2022

Based on the challenges facing the country's higher education institutions, it can be concluded that each educational institution should review its activities and identify further prospects for development. The need to increase the availability of quality, competitive education in accordance with the requirements of innovative sustainable development of society involves the development of strategic activities of higher education institutions in accordance with the provisions of modern educational policy of the state. The article outlines the strategic goals of innovative activities of Higher Education Institutions and identifies the main objectives of innovative activities of higher education. The main directions of innovative activity of higher school are considered and allocated.
FUNCTIONING OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN A PANDEMIC
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Kuzminskyi Anatoliy
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on the issue of preschool education in a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems that Preschool Educational Institutions (PEI) may face during a pandemic. Particular attention is paid to the topic of the article - the activities of PEI in a pandemic. The research broaches such issues as the mode of PEI functioning, the organization of an educational process in PEI, and the specific features of the activities of the PEI staff under quarantine conditions. To complete the study the following methods were used: theoretical – analysis of psychological- pedagogical and methodological sources, review of educational designs and programs, educational and methodological complexes, and actual educational resources of PEIs; empirical – questionnaires, surveys, interviews, testing, direct and indirect observation, and expert evaluation. The article explores the specificity of PEI activities both under the conditions of distance functioning and under the conditions of normal activity, observing quarantine measures. It also reveals and analyses complications and difficulties in the work of the PEI staff, as well as inconveniences for children and parents. Furthermore, the study considers the measures aimed to eliminate the negative factors of distance learning and gives recommendations for the heads of Preschool Educational Institutions on the peculiarities of their activities in a pandemic.
EVOLUTION OF FORESTRY EDUCATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Khryk Vasyl
Published: February 2022

У статті проаналізовано еволюцію лісівничої освіти в Україні в аспекті поєднання історично складених педагогічних парадигм, економічних моделей суспільства, політичного устрою, філософських поглядів. Виокремлено етапи еволюції лісівничої освіти в Україні: початковий (до 1729 р.), дореформений (1929–1872 рр.), постреформений (1872–1917 рр.), радянський (1917–1991 рр.), сучасний (з 1991 до сьогодні). Розкрито сутність, тенденції, підходи, кадрове забезпечення кожного етапу. Висвітлено історію становлення, розвитку лісівничої освіти та виокремлено чинники та античинники якісної професійної підготовки фахівців лісового господарства.
MEANS OF INTENSIFYING EUROINTEGRATION STUDIOS IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS (PROCEEDING FROM THE COURSE «EUROPEAN POLITICAL INTEGRATION: HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE AND MODERNITY»)
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Zinchenko Volodymyr , Chumachenko Olena ,   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University
Published: February 2022

У статті розглянуто технологічні аспекти формування у майбутніх учителів розуміння євроінтеграційних процесів, їх історії, сьогодення, перспектив. Характеризуються методичні особливості та умови, що забезпечують успішність оволодіння здобувачами програмовим матеріалом: доцільне розміщення в аудиторії, що сприяє вільній комунікації; мотивація навчання за рахунок актуалізації знань та створення проблемних ситуацій; викладач у ролі фасилітатора для зменшення авторитарного впливу; використання ділових та рольових ігор; використання ментальних карт при підготовці відповідей; написання есе при вивченні окремих проблем. Охарактеризовано ставлення здобувачів до вивчення курсу.
HUMANIZED COMMUNICATION WITH CHILDREN OF EARLY AND PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Artemova Lyubov
Published: February 2022

У статті проаналізовано принцип гуманізації згідно із сучасною концепцією оптимального розвитку дитини в умовах суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії з дорослими. Встановлено, що недостатньо вивчені сутність і застосування принципу гуманізації в умовах суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії батьків, педагогинь з дітьми раннього і дошкільного віку. Виявлено, що принцип гуманізації, реалізований у суб’єкт-суб’єктній взаємодії дорослих з дітьми, оптимально забезпечує самореалізацію дитини з раннього віку: її вибір, потребу в соціалізації, задоволенні пізнавальних інтересів, своєчасний розвиток базових діяльностей – спілкування, гри, предметної, пізнавальної, творчої тощо. Заявлено про ідентичні типові гуманістичні рушії взаємин і спілкування дітей незалежно від їхнього віку: раннього, дошкільного, шкільного. Взаємодія дорослих з дітьми на основі суб’єктності її учасників є пропедевтикою і основою гуманізації їхніх міжособистісних взаємин, які складаються, розвиваються, виражаються у спілкуванні. Партнерська взаємодія стає для малих дітей школою взаєморозуміння з дорослими (батьками і педагогинями). Спілкування суб’єктів гуманізованої взаємодії привчає дорослих рахуватися з правомірним вибором дітей як проявом їхньої особистості з народження, створюючи умови для їх самовиявлення, самоствердження і своєчасного оптимального розвитку.
“Dreamland”
Authors: Toliver S.R.
Published: February 2022

The rampant murder of Black women and girls in the United States proves that this place is not safe for them. In fact, it is questionable whether any space currently known can be safe when antiblackness and misogynoir are interwoven into the fabric of our world. For this reason, researchers must explore the unbound landscapes Black girls create for themselves in fantastic narratives. In this article, I examine the fantasy short stories of two Black middle school girls who participated in a writing workshop to explore how they resisted spatial control by creating new worlds they had the power to construct and dismantle.
Spatializing Black Girlhood
Authors: Franklin-Phipps Asilia
Published: February 2022

In this article, I begin by taking seriously the cultural contributions that Black women and girls make to hip-hop, thereby shifting the sociocultural and political landscape. Black girls and women do this in a variety of ways, but here I focus on how Black women rappers model and perform multiple embodied refusals that expand the possibilities for Black girls. Inspired by the cultural force of the current moment in hip-hop that is increasingly dominated by young Black women, I reflect on how Black women rappers reconstitute space through performance, music, and performances rooted in practices of refusal.
Prospective Directions of Increasing Operating Reliability and Providing Operational Management of the NPP Main Equipment Resources
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Sharaevsky І. G. , Vlasenko Т. S. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Zimin L. B. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Nоsоvskyi А. V. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Fіаlkо N. М. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Sharaevsky G. І. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2022

On the basis of generalization tendencies of safety problems development concerning the basic types of water-cooled power nuclear reactors, the analysis of a condition of the corresponding researches and own scientific experience the most important scientific and practical directions are formulated and the complex of the priority scientific and technical problems connected with maintenance of reliability and prolongation existing and promising nuclear power plants. The main shortcomings of the existing systems of control and diagnostics of complex multifactor neutron-physical, thermohydraulic and vibration processes, which accompany the operation of these reactors, including their most important main equipment — core zones, are identified and the fundamental imperfection of these systems. The stochastic nature of controlled physical processes and the need to introduce real-time methods of spectral analysis and artificial intelligence to take into account the fluctuation components of the sensors of the main technological parameters. To this end, the need to radically change the determined principles of building control and diagnostic systems by creating the latest software and hardware for automatic diagnostics, capable of detecting the initial phases of potentially dangerous operational anomalies, which should alleviate information-intensive working conditions of operational personnel, increase efficiency. and the cost-effectiveness of management decisions made by them, and to optimize the repair policy with a significant extension of the life of the main equipment. The basic requirements to the created intelligent diagnostic functionality of water-cooled power nuclear reactors are formulated, the directions of construction of mathematical models, algorithmic and software of future computer complexes of automatic control and diagnostics are defined.
In vitro antimalarial activity of essential oils of Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur | JBES
Authors: Hammoudi Roukia
Published: February 2022

The essential oils of the plant Deverra scoparia Coss. & Dur. (Apiaceae) used in traditional medicine in Algeria were subjected to testing the antimalarial activity. Their potential ability to inhibit the in vitro proliferation was evaluated in two strains of Plasmodium falciparum; chloroquine-resistant (K1), and chloroquine-sensitive (3d7) strains. The essential oils displayed good antimalarial activity with IC50 values 1.51 ± 0.71 μg/mL and 0.93 ± 0.89 μg/mL against the 3d7 chloroquine-sensitive and the K1 chloroquine-resistantstrains respectively. So, Deverra scoparia presented a potential source of antimalarial molecules.
Seam Strength Prediction for Different Stitch Types Considering Stitch Density of Cotton Woven Fabrics
Authors:   Department of Textile Engineering, Northern University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Islam Md. Mazharul , Hossain Md. Tanjim ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Northern University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Repon Md. Reazuddin ,   Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania, Islam Tarikul ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology , Jashore, Bangladesh, Kibria Golam ,   Department of Apparel Manufacturing and Technology, BGMEA University of Fashion and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Jalil Mohammad Abdul ,   Department of Textile Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
Published: February 2022

Seam strength is critical in achieving the proper and adequate quality seam, which eventually determines the overall quality of any garment. The target of this research was to investigate exactly how different stitch density affected seam strength for different stitch types. Commercially available, 100% cotton plain weave structured woven fabric with mass per unit area of 270 g/m2 was used in this analysis. Two different stitch types, such as lock stitch (ISO#301) and chain stitch (ISO#401), along with four stitch densities like 8, 10, 12 and 14 per inch were utilized. The seam strength of the prepared samples was determined using a tensile strength tester followed by the ASTM D1683 standard procedure. The impact of independent variables on superimposed seam strength was statistically analyzed using a regression correlation with the help of SPSS software to construct a regression equation to predict seam strength before the manufacturing process. The study found a non-linear relationship between seam strength and stitch density. When the stitch density is too low, the seam strength is shown low as well, because the cloth cannot be held under tensile load. In a very compact woven fabric, structural jamming or intrinsic puckering occurs if it is too high. As a result, the best stitch density should be chosen to achieve the best seam strength. This study will help the manufacturers choose a suitable SPI for lock and chain stitches from polynomial regression equations before the sewing production of cotton woven fabric, which was not predicted by any researcher before. Therefore, the optimum stitch density can be chosen using regression equations to get the best result for seam strength.
Novel Ultrasensitive Detection Technologies for the Identification of Early and Minimally Invasive Alzheimer’s Disease Blood Biomarkers
Authors: Álvarez-Sánchez Lourdes , Peña-Bautista Carmen , Baquero Miguel , Cháfer-Pericás Consuelo
Published: February 2022

Background: Single molecule array (SIMOA) and other ultrasensitive detection technologies have allowed the determination of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) for diagnosis and monitoring, thereby opening up a promising field of research. Objective: To review the published bibliography on plasma biomarkers in AD using new ultrasensitive techniques. Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed database was carried out to identify reports on the use of blood-based ultrasensitive technology to identify biomarkers for AD. Results: Based on this search, 86 works were included and classified according to the biomarker determined. First, plasma amyloid-β showed satisfactory accuracy as an AD biomarker in patients with a high risk of developing dementia. Second, plasma t-Tau displayed good sensitivity in detecting different neurodegenerative diseases. Third, plasma p-Tau was highly specific for AD. Fourth, plasma NfL was highly sensitive for distinguishing between patients with neurodegenerative diseases and healthy controls. In general, the simultaneous determination of several biomarkers facilitated greater accuracy in diagnosing AD (Aβ42/Aβ40, p-Tau181/217). Conclusion: The recent development of ultrasensitive technology allows the determination of blood-based biomarkers with high sensitivity, thus facilitating the early detection of AD through the analysis of easily obtained biological samples. In short, as a result of this knowledge, pre-symptomatic and early AD diagnosis may be possible, and the recruitment process for future clinical trials could be more precise. However, further studies are necessary to standardize levels of blood-based biomarkers in the general population and thus achieve reproducible results among different laboratories.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Liver Fibrosis, and Regional Amyloid-β and Tau Pathology in Middle-Aged Adults: The Framingham Study
Authors: Weinstein Galit , O’Donnell Adrienne , Davis-Plourde Kendra , Zelber-Sagi Shira , Ghosh Saptaparni , DeCarli Charles S. , Thibault Emma G. , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. , Beiser Alexa S. , Seshadri Sudha
Published: February 2022

Background: Liver steatosis and fibrosis are emerging as risk factors for multiple extrahepatic health conditions; however, their relationship with Alzheimer’s disease pathology is unclear. Objective: To examine whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and FIB-4, a non-invasive index of advanced fibrosis, are associated with brain amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology. Methods: The study sample included Framingham Study participants from the Offspring and Third generation cohorts who attended exams 9 (2011–2014) and 2 (2008–2011), respectively. Participants underwent 11C-Pittsburgh Compound-B amyloid and 18F-Flortaucipir tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and abdomen computed tomography, or had information on all components of the FIB-4 index. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship of NAFLD and FIB-4 with regional tau and Aβ, adjusting for potential confounders and multiple comparisons. Results: Of the subsample with NAFLD information (N = 169; mean age 52±9 y; 57% males), 57 (34%) had NAFLD. Of the subsample with information on liver fibrosis (N = 177; mean age 50±10 y; 51% males), 34 (19%) had advanced fibrosis (FIB-4 > 1.3). Prevalent NAFLD was not associated with Aβ or tau PET. However, FIB-4 index was significantly associated with increased rhinal tau (β= 1.03±0.33, p = 0.002). Among individuals with prevalent NAFLD, FIB-4 was related to inferior temporal, parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal and rhinal tau (β= 2.01±0.47, p < 0.001; β= 1.60±0.53, p = 0.007, and β= 1.59±0.47, p = 0.003 and β= 1.60±0.42, p = 0.001, respectively) and to Aβ deposition overall and in the inferior temporal and parahippocampal regions (β= 1.93±0.47, p < 0.001; β= 1.59±0.38, p < 0.001, and β= 1.52±0.54, p = 0.008, respectively). Conclusion: This study suggests a possible association between liver fibrosis and early Alzheimer’s disease pathology, independently of cardio-metabolic risk factors.
Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease- and Neurotoxicity-Related microRNAs Affecting Key Events of Tau-Driven Adverse Outcome Pathway Toward Memory Loss
Authors: Tsamou Maria , Carpi Donatella , Pistollato Francesca , Roggen Erwin L.
Published: February 2022

Background: A complex network of aging-related homeostatic pathways that are sensitive to further deterioration in the presence of genetic, systemic, and environmental risk factors, and lifestyle, is implicated in the pathogenesis of progressive neurodegenerative diseases, such as sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer’s disease (sAD). Objective: Since sAD pathology and neurotoxicity share microRNAs (miRs) regulating common as well as overlapping pathological processes, environmental neurotoxic compounds are hypothesized to exert a risk for sAD initiation and progression. Methods: Literature search for miRs associated with human sAD and environmental neurotoxic compounds was conducted. Functional miR analysis using PathDip was performed to create miR-target interaction networks. Results: The identified miRs were successfully linked to the hypothetical starting point and key events of the earlier proposed tau-driven adverse outcome pathway toward memory loss. Functional miR analysis confirmed most of the findings retrieved from literature and revealed some interesting findings. The analysis identified 40 miRs involved in both sAD and neurotoxicity that dysregulated processes governing the plausible adverse outcome pathway for memory loss. Conclusion: Creating miR-target interaction networks related to pathological processes involved in sAD initiation and progression, and environmental chemical-induced neurotoxicity, respectively, provided overlapping miR-target interaction networks. This overlap offered an opportunity to create an alternative picture of the mechanisms underlying sAD initiation and early progression. Looking at initiation and progression of sAD from this new angle may open for new biomarkers and novel drug targets for sAD before the appearance of the first clinical symptoms.
Enhancement of Aging in Place: An Evolving Understanding of Person-Centered Dementia Care in Home Settings
Authors: Wang Jing , Ding Ding , Wu Bei
Published: February 2022

Background: There has been a rich body of literature on informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD). However, little has been discussed on how to facilitate person-centered dementia care in home settings with spouses as primary caregivers. We tend to take it for granted that spouses provide person-centered care for PWD. However, being spouses of PWD and living with them for several decades does not necessarily mean that it is easier for them to provide person-centered dementia care and maintain valued and healthy relationships. Objective: The current study aimed to explore dyadic experiences of PWD and their spousal caregivers and develop a culturally and contextually-sensitive understanding of person-centered dementia care in home-based settings. Methods: A total of 20 dyads of PWD and their care partners were selected for this study. A trained qualitative interviewer conducted a one-on-one interview with each participant with dementia and their care partners separately. We adopted both conventional and directed content analyses. Results: Our findings provide examples of care partners provide person-centered care, resulting in a profound positive impact on their wellbeing. Adaptive leadership and collaborative work emerged as a key finding in facilitating person-centered dementia care. Cultural relevancy of person-centered dementia care was also interpreted from the data. The study findings provide implications for the evolving of person-centered dementia care model in home-based settings. Conclusion: Findings from this study highlight the significance of facilitating person-centered dementia care in home-based settings between PWD and their primary family caregivers.
Preparing community rehabilitation providers to deliver a provision of employment supports: A tiered training approach
Authors: Remund Corban , Jones-Parkin Tricia , Hase Hillary , Riesen Tim
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Despite legislation and policy designed to promote employment for people with disabilities, outcome data suggest that individuals with disabilities, especially those with the most significant disabilities, remain unemployed and underemployed. While several variables may contribute to these poor outcomes, the capacity of organizations and individuals who provide employment supports to employment seekers with disabilities may contribute to the perennially low employment outcomes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe the training structure for employment specialists and job coaches who implement supported and customized employment. RESULTS: Utah has developed a tiered training approach model to address the different levels of training needed to provide quality training to direct support professionals. The tiers of training included (a) workplace supports training, (b) employment specialist training, and (c) customized employment training. CONCLUSION: To improve quality employment outcomes for people with disabilities, community rehabilitation providers and funding agencies must have a thorough understanding of validated employment support strategies. The tiered training offered in Utah represents one state’s attempt to provide quality training and support to direct support staff. Several training-related recommendations for funding and capacity building have been identified because of training initiatives.
Working with chronic health conditions and the disclosure decision-conflict: Development of a web-based interactive self-test to support an informed decision – A brief report
Authors: Greifenberg Anja , Bauer Jana F. , Chakraverty Veronika , Niehaus Mathilde
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: For employees with chronic health conditions the decision of whether or not to disclose their condition to colleagues or supervisors is both far reaching and hard to make. OBJECTIVE: Collaborating with a panel of experts on their own behalf, we developed a web-based self-test to provide easily accessible decision support for those who are not (yet) ready for personal counseling. METHODS: This report provides an overview of the web-based self-test supporting an informed disclosure decision in the workplace. RESULTS: The self-test consists of a series of questions about the user’s personal situation. In order to reach a broad target-group it is applicable across health conditions and is made available online. CONCLUSION: Unlike other existing web-based offers the self-test is interactive, considers the personal situation of the user and provides individualized feedback that refers to additional resources (e.g., personal counselling).
Evaluation of synthesized inorganic nanomaterials Plumeria alba against Aedes aegypti and in vivo toxicity
Authors: Al-Hakimi Ahmed N. , Alhag Sadeq K. , Abdulghani Mahfoudh A. M. , Aroua Lotfi M. , Mahyoub Jazem A.
Published: February 2022

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were fabricated using Plumeria alba leaf extracts to control the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Synthesized AgNPs and AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. Susceptibility levels of Ae. aegypti mosquito larvae to the plant extract P. alba and its silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles were determined. The AgNPs and AuNPs spectra displayed their maximum absorption at 300 nm and 500 nm, respectively. The larval mortality of AgNPs and AuNPs were highly effective LC50 were 69.9592 ppm and 88.2635 ppm compared to the aqueous leaf extract of P. alba LC50 was 178.4713 ppm. Furthermore, no significant effects of nanoparticle preparations of P. alba extract 10,000 ppm dose up to one week revealed neither toxic signs nor death within seven days of administration. However, there were no apparent signs of delayed toxicity when the rats were observed for an additional seven days. Current studies revealed that the P. alba leaf extract, AgNPs and AuNPs are biologically safe on animals and eco-friendly for control of Aedes aegypti mosquito.
Activity dependent stimulation increases synaptic efficacy in spared pathways in an anesthetized rat model of spinal cord contusion injury
Authors: Borrell Jordan A. , Krizsan-Agbas Dora , Nudo Randolph J. , Frost Shawn B.
Published: February 2022

Background:

Closed-loop neuromodulation systems have received increased attention in recent years as potential therapeutic approaches for treating neurological injury and disease.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS), triggered by action potentials (spikes) recorded in motor cortex, to alter synaptic efficacy in descending motor pathways in an anesthetized rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods:

Experiments were carried out in adult, male, Sprague Dawley rats with a moderate contusion injury at T8. For activity-dependent stimulation (ADS) sessions, a recording microelectrode was used to detect neuronal spikes in motor cortex that triggered ISMS in the spinal cord grey matter. SCI rats were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups differing by: a) cortical spike-ISMS stimulus delay (10 or 25 ms) and b) number of ISMS pulses (1 or 3). Four weeks after SCI, ADS sessions were conducted in three consecutive 1-hour conditioning bouts for a total of 3 hours. At the end of each conditioning bout, changes in synaptic efficacy were assessed using intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) to examine the number of spikes evoked in spinal cord neurons during 5-minute test bouts. A multichannel microelectrode recording array was used to record cortically-evoked spike activity from multiple layers of the spinal cord.

Results:

The results showed that ADS resulted in an increase in cortically-evoked spikes in spinal cord neurons at specific combinations of spike-ISMS delays and numbers of pulses. Efficacy in descending motor pathways was increased throughout all dorsoventral depths of the hindlimb spinal cord.

Conclusions:

These results show that after an SCI, ADS can increase synaptic efficacy in spared pathways between motor cortex and spinal cord. This study provides further support for the potential of ADS therapy as an effective method for enhancing descending motor control after SCI.
BALNEOLOGICAL RESORT OF GREAT LUBINY IN THE HISTORICALARCHITECTURAL AND RECREATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE SUBURBAN ZONE OF LVIV
Authors: Harashchak Nazariy
Published: February 2022

The peculiarities of the architectural and spatial organization of the balneological resort "Velykyi Lyubin" are revealed, its place and role in the historical - architectural and recreational environment of the suburban zone of Lviv are established. The architectural and spatial organization and genesis of the formation of the resort space of Velykyi Lyubyn have been studied, the architecture of its resort buildings has been characterized, the problems and principles of protection and use of the historical and recreational resort zone have been identified. The value of balneological complexes in the recreational centers of the city and its suburban area has been confirmed. The ways of organization and development of the architectural and spatial image of the resort are outlined, taking into account the location, new conditions, historical, architectural and recreational potential of the balneological complex. Attention is focused on the need to: increase the efficiency of the recreational sphere, architectural and spatial organization of the complex, village and region; neutralization of harmful consequences of activity near recreational zones; limiting deforestation to preserve the microclimate; observance of norms and rules of protection and use of deposits of mineral waters, rivers and reservoirs, preservation and improvement of the natural-recreational and architectural environment; development of engineering and recreational infrastructure of the resort without changing the existing architectural environment and color of the territories.
PREREQUISITES FOR THE CREATION OF ECOLOGICAL NETWORK IN UKRAINE
Authors: Merylovа Іryna
Published: February 2022

The relevance of the article is determined by the global direction towards the greening of the environment which finds its manifestations both in scientific research in various fields of knowledge and in the general policy of developed countries. Nowadays, the problems of climate, environmental friendliness and biodiversity are of vital importance. The current approach to land use leads to fragmentation of natural environment, stagnation of natural habitat, degradation of ecological systems, which affects nature-related anthropogenic culture.

The article considers political measures that are the basis for the methodology of environmental regulation at global level. This research shows how they are reflected in the Ukrainian legal framework and provides specific results.

The analysis of legislative and literary sources allowed finding out that the creation of the ecological network of Ukraine has a deep level of integration into the European ecological programs and is a part of the ecological network of a higher order. The study found that the organization of the ecological network of Ukraine takes place immediately at the national, regional and local levels. The national level ensures the establishment of state strategies and directions of the ecological network, the establishment of interstate communications on the organization of transboundary ecological objects as well as the positioning of the state ecological network as a part of the "Green Infrastructure" (GI). At this level there is communication with world environmental organizations, setting goals, directives and compliance with environmental programs.

The regional and local levels determine the activities of regional and district councils in relation to specific environmental measures aimed at the protection and reproduction of natural biological and landscape diversity, its protection, regulation of land use in protected areas. The article highlights the hierarchical model of ecological networks organization (Regional Ecological Network Scheme - Consolidated Scheme of Ecological Network of Ukraine - European Ecological Network Scheme "Green Infrastructure"), which reveals the relationship between the initial global environmental initiative and the scheme of ecological network formation in Ukraine.
Insolation of the premise as a factor of vitamin d producing radiation in bedridden patient
Authors:   State Institution ", Akimenko V.Ya. ,   O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Serheichuk O.V. ,   Kyiv National Construction and Architecture University, Voznesenskyi S.O. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Steblii N.M. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU"
Published: February 2022

Objective: We substantiated the conditions of the use of premise insolation to organize a prophylactic irradiation of human skin in order to ensure a synthesis of the required doses of vitamin D. Materials and methods: Using geometric methods for constructing shadow mask of a light slot of the window according to the State Standard B V.2.2-27: 2010, we calculated a duration of the insolation at 63 points in the conditional model premise with an open half of the window on a horizontal surface at a height of 0.50 m above the floor at different heights of the sun in the warm months of the year (May–September). The dimensions of a conditional bed were 0.84 m width and 1.94 m length. The required exposure time for bedridden patient in the sunspot to receive a prophylactic dose of vitamin D (1000 IU) into organism was calculated by the A.R. Webb, & O. Engelsen model (2020). Results: The study determined the duration of insolation with the open half of the window of the model premise on a parallel plane in the warm months of the year (May - September) at a height of 0.50 m from the floor at points located on the coordinate grid with a step of 0.50 m and at the average values of the sun standing height which forms a sunspot. At the same time, the duration of the insolation at the points near the window ranged from 1 hour 10 minutes to 3 hours 38 minutes on some above mentioned months. The results of the analysis on the limitations of the application of the model by A.R. Webb and O. Engelsen (2020) for the determination of the required duration of the human body indoor insolation to achieve the effective ultraviolet B (UVR) doses for vitamin D production equivalent to the oral intake of the recommended prophylactic doses of vitamin D are also presented in the study. Conclusions: In the insolated premise on a clear day of the warm months of the year (May - September), it is in principle possible to organize the exposure of the part of the skin of a person lying on a bed in a sunspot, formed by an open window, with the required duration and intensity of UVR B that provide a bioeffective dose equivalent to the oral intake of the prophylactic dose of vitamin D (1000 IU).
ANALISIS BUKTI EMPIRIS TENTANG DAMPAK EKUITAS SOSIAL EKONOMI OPERASIONAL BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT) DI NEGARA BERKEMBANG
Authors: ANWAR SYAMSUL
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini menawarkan analisis bukti empiris tentang dampak ekuitas sosial ekonomi operasional Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) di Negara berkembang. Fokusnya adalah pada ekuitas vertikal, yaitu apakah sistem BRT mencapai manfaat progresif untuk segmen populasi yang lebih miskin. Temuan dari Afrika, Asia dan Latin Amerika semua menyarankan bahwa BRT memang menawarkan manfaat signifikan bagi kelompok berpenghasilan rendah, dalam hal waktu perjalanan dan penghematan biaya, peningkatan akses, dan manfaat keselamatan dan kesehatan. Namun manfaatnya sering condong ke pengguna berpenghasilan menengah dan karenanya kurang progresif daripada mereka. Dua alasan ini adalah cakupan spasial yang tidak mencukupi, dan kebijakan tarif yang tidak sesuai. Sementara banyak fitur BRT berpotensi memungkinkannya untuk memberikan hasil yang berpihak pada orang miskin, hasil tersebut hanya terwujud jika BRT pelaksana memberikan perhatian khusus dan berkelanjutanuntuk ekuitas. Tulisan ini mengidentifikasi masalah-masalah utama yang perlu ditujukan untuk mengarahkan implementasi BRT menuju hasil yang lebih berkelanjutan secara sosial, penting di antara yaitu untuk meningkatkan integrasi dengan layanan transportasi transit, paratransit, dan tidak bermotor lainnya, dan dengan sektor perumahan.Kata Kunci : BRT, ekuitas, kemiskinan, dampak sosial, ekonomi.
Asistensi Mengajar, Adaptasi Teknologi, Dan Administrasi Dalam Program Kampus Mengajar
Authors: Santoso Heri Dwi , Sari Diana Puspita , Fadilla Apriliana Dian , Utami Faidah Fitri , Rahayu Fitria Pangesti , Sari Della Chamelia , Sya'bani Niken Putri
Published: February 2022

Kampus Mengajar dibuka sebagai program yang memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan pengalaman belajar di luar kampus dengan konversi 20 SKS. Program ini bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi mahasiswa untuk berkontribusi di dalam pendidikan di tingkat sekolah dasar dan sekolah menengah pertama, di bawah bimbingan dosen pembimbing lapangan. Metode pelaksanaan program ini antara lain meliputi asistensi mengajar, adaptasi teknologi, dan administrasi bagi guru dan siswa sekolah yang bersangkutan. Kampus mengajar Angkatan 2 di SD Negeri 1 Pandak, Kecamatan Baturraden, Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah dilaksanakan oleh enam mahasiswa dari perguruan tinggi yang berbeda dengan 1 dosen pembimbing. Hasil dari program ini meliputi peningkatan pelayanan pendidikan di sekolah tersebut baik dari segi pengajaran, pemanfaatan teknologi, dan administrasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa program Kampus mengajar ini memberikan manfaat yang baik bagi semua pihak yang terlibat, baik sekolah, mahasiswa, maupun dosen pembimbing.
THE EFFECT OF TEACHER SELF-EFFICACY TOWARD ENGLISH LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH MOTIVATION AS A MODERATOR VARIABLE
Authors: Damayanti Adelia Shovi , Musafik Mohammad Naim
Published: February 2022

In this study, the results of this research to analysis the effect of each variable. There are; (1) to analysis the significant effect of teacher self-efficacy toward English learning achievement, (2) to analysis the significant effect of motivation toward English learning achievement, (3) to analysis the significant effect of teacher self-efficacy toward motivation, (4) to analysis the significant effect of teacher self-efficacy toward English learning achievement through motivation. The results of this study (1) Teacher Self-Efficacy has no significant effect toward English Learning Achievement. (2) Motivation has significant effect toward English Learning Achievement. (3) Teacher Self-Efficacy has significant effect toward Motivation. And the last (4) Teacher Self-Efficacy toward English Learning Achievement through. Motivation has significant effect indirectly.  The analysis of this study used descriptive quantitative approach as a research design. In this research questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. The use of this questionnaire was intended to measure the variable (X1) teacher self-efficacy with a total of 16 questions in the form of statements, (X2) motivation with 15 questions in the form of statements and variable (Y) English learning achievement with a total of 15 questions in the form of statements. Using Google Form to find the significant effect of teacher self-efficacy toward English learning achievement through motivation as a moderator variable. In this study, researchers used a sample of 11th grade students of SMA Negeri 7 Kediri to determine the effect of each variable to be studied. The total population of grade 11 students is 392, so that from the total number of students, 198 students will be taken by random sampling.
Use of Bayesian, Lasso Binary Quantile Regression to Identify Suitable Habitat for Tiger Prey Species in Thap Lan National Park, Eastern Thailand
Authors:   Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Paansri Paanwaris , Suksavate Warong ,   Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Chaiyes Aingorn ,   School of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Nonthaburi 11120, Thailand, Chanteap Prawatsart ,   Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Prachinburi 25220, Thailand, Duengkae Prateep ,   Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Published: February 2022

A Bayesian approach was used to develop binary quantile regression models featuring the lasso penalty. The models afford the advantages of all quantile regression models, such as robustness and detailed insights into covariate effects; they also handle issues associated with overfitting well. Thus, this model was used to investigate habitat suitability for the management of tiger prey species. Field data were collected from 150 sampling sites (2,416 sub-plots) in Thap Lan National Park of the Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex (DPKY) from August 2019 to March 2021. We focused on sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) and gaur (Bos gaurus) because they are the principal prey species of tigers. Vegetation was sampled for biomass and nutrient content to identify suitable habitat. The “bayesQR” package of R was used to identify habitats appropriate for these species. The correlation between forage crop biomass and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was significantly associated with tiger prey species presence. The habitat can be improved by increasing grass and forb biomasses as the prey species prefer open habitats, such as grassland and open areas of dry evergreen forest. Habitat management has ensured that the grass biomass of open forest is significantly higher than that of dense forest. In addition, the hemicellulose content of open forest was significantly greater than that of dense forest. We found that spatial modeling combined with Bayesian, lasso binary quantile regression could aid wildlife habitat management in a Thai National Park.
CNN-Bidirectional LSTM Based Optical Character Recognition of Sanskrit Manuscripts : A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kataria Bhavesh , Jethva Harikrishna B.
Published: February 2022

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a technology that allows you to convert different types of documents or images into searchable, editable, and analyzable data. The current work on Sanskrit Character Recognition from Images of Text Documents is one of the most difficult due to similarities in the forms of unique letters, script complexity, non-forte in the representation, and a vast number of symbols. The Devanagari script is used to write the Sanskrit language. There are a variety of approaches for recognizing characters in a scanned image. The present research initiatives highlight the importance and needs of efforts in recognition of printed and handwritten documents written in Sanskrit language. This paper is aims at reviewing the state of various scripts in use including those from medieval to present era and explores the prospective of digital recognition of printed texts and thereby pointing towards futuristic trends in developing restoration software for Sanskrit scripts. Challenge is due to the number of languages and their diverse scripts. The scarcity of digitized linguistic resources makes the task a tougher one. The paper also highlights on the characteristics and challenges of recognition of scripts of Sanskrit origin. Largely the digital recognition is limited to simple numerals and isolated characters. In addition, this review article serves the purpose an optical character recognition (OCR) system that enables to analyse the word recognition and translate various types of Sanskrit documents or images into text using deep learning architectures which include Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional long-short term memory (Bidirectional LSTM).