bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Which Way Equitable Access to Quality and Relevant Education in South Africa? A Comparative Review of NGO versus Quintile One Primary Schools in KwaZulu-Natal Province
Authors: Buyiswa Mokhosi , Specioza Asiimwe
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore the direction the South African education is taking regarding ensuring equitable access to quality and relevant education focusing on primary education level and by way of comparing an NGO philanthropic primary school and Quintile One primary schools. The setting was the rural, low income and underserved communities of KwaZulu-Natal province.
Methodology: The study utilised a qualitative research design. The study population included the school management members and grade 1-6 teachers in both school settings with a sample size of 27 purposively selected participants. In addition, documents were reviewed and observations of the study sites made. Data were analysed using TAGUETTE software. The researchers ensured that all necessary ethical guidelines were followed before, during data collection, analysis, and dissemination through this article.
Findings: The findings indicate that the NGO philanthropic primary school was more prepared to provide equitable access to quality and relevant education in KwaZulu-Natal province than the Quintile One primary schools. The NGO School had relatively adequate funds to build the necessary physical infrastructure, facilities, employ quality teachers, and to build and sustain a conducive teaching and learning environment compared to the Quintile One primary schools that lacked the aforementioned features.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends that the government of South Africa at national and provincial levels should allocate adequate resources to facilitate the Quintile One primary schools to ensure equitable access to quality and relevant education. In addition, it is enjoined to review the school curriculum to respond to national and international labour market demands. This study makes a significant contribution to the scholarship and practice of education as an equalising tool in South Africa and among the nations implementing the SDGs specifically, SDG-4 on education.
Deep learning and probabilistic neural networks-based identification and classification of Pneumonia-related lung diseases
Authors: Vinothkumar N. , Rao Ch. Madhava , Nitnaware Swati R. , Shakunthala M. , Shahnaz K. V. , Sreevidya Nelli , Bhagyalakshmi L. , Kumar Nitesh
Published: February 2025

In every part of the world, lung disease is a major issue. Early lung disease identification is crucial. A variety of deep learning techniques, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Visual Geometry Group (VGG) networks, capsule networks, and traditional neural networks, are commonly employed for predicting lung diseases. Since the emergence of the novel COVID-19, extensive research has been conducted to explore its ability to make precise predictions. Given that many fatalities were attributed to severe chest congestion, Pneumonia an early-stage lung condition is likely closely associated with COVID-19 (pneumonic condition). Medical professionals may find it difficult to differentiate COVID-19 from other lung diseases, such as Pneumonia.
Book Review of Strings of the Universe
Authors:   University of Agriculture Shandong, LIU Shihao
Published: February 2025

Strings of the Universe is an undergraduate book by B. Green in which the author focuses on the classical physics concept of string theory. In the book, String Theory shows that all matter and fundamental interacting forces in the universe are not made up of point particles, but rather of tiny vibrating strings, and that different vibrational modes of the strings can determine different properties of matter. In the book, the authors review the two fundamental theories of modern physics, starting with Einstein' s theory of relativity, which describes the structure of space-time and gravity on a macroscopic scale, and quantum mechanics, which reveals the characteristics of microscopic particles. The two have some inherent conflicts in in explaining the basic structure and mechanics of the universe. Using different metaphorical approaches and more straightforward and understandable language, Greene describes the intricacies of string theory in detail and can help readers understand the problems this theory has in resolving the conflicts between relativity and quantum mechanics. Throughout the book, the author discusses the potential of string theory in the development of physics and its far-reaching implications for future scientific inquiry. In conclusion, Strings of the Universe is an informative and accessible book on physical science, which introduces readers to the basic principles of string theory and its development, and presents the great exploratory spirit of mankind in exploring the deep structure and fundamental laws of the universe.
Book Review of Mathematics and Life
Authors:   University of Agriculture Shandong, LIU Shihao
Published: February 2025

Mathematics and Life is a meticulously crafted book on mathematics by renowned and accomplished mathematics educator Kei Toyama, which rigorously and meticulously explores the wide-ranging applications and multidimensional impact of mathematics in people􀆳s daily lives from a scientific perspective. The book covers a wide range of hierarchical structure of mathematical knowledge, from elementary to advanced mathematics, and demonstrates the intrinsic connections between various fields of mathematics and their development through historically enriched and logically rigorous discussions. By using different vivid examples, the author closely integrates abstract mathematical concepts with real-life scenarios, such as analyzing the physical laws of ball movement through mathematical formulas, and the practical application of mathematics in toy design and art creation, which emphasizes and highlights the remarkable capabilities of mathematics in solving practical problems. These examples can foster a deeper appreciation for the practicality of mathematics and further stimulate readers’ interest and enthusiasm in mathematics. The author delves into the role of mathematics in the cultural sphere, and introduces the creative works of mathematical artists, thus expand readers’ horizons on the multifaceted value of mathematics. The book adopts a captivating and reader-friendly narrative approach that effectively simplifies the understanding of complex mathematical concepts, enabling readers to realize that mathematics is not only a scientific tool, but also a profound and beautiful art
Revolutionizing the Development Path of “Human-Machine Synergy” in News Anchoring Amid the AIGC Wave
Authors:   Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, LI Luanying
Published: February 2025

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) is emerging as an innovative content production model, gradually attracting widespread attention from the media and news industries. Leveraging advanced technologies, AI news anchors are gradually emerging as a key driver of transformation in news reporting, owning to their unique communication advantages. This paper, based on the compensatory media theory, thoroughly analyzes the application advantages and development bottlenecks of AI news anchors in comparison with human news anchors. The research indicates that AI news anchors have demonstrated new developments in upgrading audiovisual capabilities, providing customized services, and addressing the demand for intelligent solutions. Meanwhile, human anchors still maintain core competitive advantages in emotional communication, improvisation, and ethical awareness. However, as metaverse technology is in its infancy and AIGC technology remains immature. AI anchors face several practical challenges in news reporting, including threatening the professional growth of human anchors and ethical risks under the black-box operations of technology. Based on these observations, this paper explores the development path of human-machine synergy in news anchoring, aiming to promote the healthy development of the news industry.
Research on Movie Short Reviews Based on Text Analysis
Authors:   Minzu University of China, LI Zehong , ZHAO Yuchen ,   Minzu University of China, HAN Xu ,   Minzu University of China
Published: February 2025

Traditional film evaluations often stem from expert reviews or surveys, but they fail to comprehensively reflect the genuine opinions of audiences. The rise of online media and user comments has made web-based text a valuable resource that can assist us in understanding audience evaluations of films and assessing their quality. Taking the film “Spicy and Hot” as an example, this study collected a vast amount of online comment data from 2024. 2. 10 to 2024. 6. 10 and analyzed these comments using natural language processing and text mining techniques based on ROST_CM6 to explore the factors influencing film quality. Firstly, the study evaluated the sentiment polarity in the text to determine the overall emotional orientation of audiences towards the film. Secondly, it analyzed the film characteristics mentioned in the comments, such as plot, actor performance, visual effects, and explored the correlations between these characteristics and film quality. Additionally, this study employed the analytical perspective of the agenda-setting theory to deeply discuss how media influence audience perceptions and evaluation criteria of these topics through reporting strategies, aiming to provide beneficial insights for future film creation and marketing strategies.
The Breakthrough Path of Dialect-based Programs from Local TV Stations to New Media Platforms:A Case Study on the Promotion of Fuzhou Dialect Programs
Authors:   Jinan University, XU Mengqi
Published: February 2025

With its regional cultural characteristics and localized content forms, dialect programs highlight the daily lives of local communities, and become an effective way for local TV stations to break through the power and resource advantages of CCTV and provincial TV stations and seek for self-survival and development. However, with the rapid development of society and the frequent flow of population, the audience base of dialect programs has gradually weakened, and their room for survival and development has been severely challenged. Especially amid the rapid rise of new media, dialect programs are facing fiercer competition and greater pressure of transformation. The successful case of Fuzhou Dialect program Panjiang provides a useful reference for the transformation of dialect programs. The program not only deeply cultivates local culture, but also builds an information exchange platform. for Fuzhou residents through the medium of local accents. It also provides an all-round and multi-level audio-visual experience for the audience through the integration of interesting stories sharing, civil mediation, folk customs display and other dimensions. At the same time, Panjiang actively embraces new media and expands its communication boundaries through short videos, live broadcasts and other forms to attract the attention of young audiences.
Primjerna studija iz komunikologije, historije novinarstva Bosne i Hercegovine i etnogeneze Bošnjaka muslimana / An Exemplary Study from Communicology, History of Journalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Ethnogenesis of Bosniak Muslims
Authors: Halilović Enver
Published: February 2025

This text is a review of a book Communication variable by Najil Kurtić, University Press, Sarajevo, 2024.
Hidup Sejahtera Melalui Perilaku Hidup Sehat dan Pengelolaan Keuangan Keluarga Desa Sifluru, Kecamatan TNS
Authors: Joselina Tuhuteru  , Olyvia Ririmasse  , Hennie Tuhuteru  , Ruben Lumatalale
Published: February 2025

Desa sifluru merupkan salah satu desa di kecamatan Teon Nila Serua Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan koordinasi dengan kelompok mitra dalam hal ini pemerintah negeri sifluru terdapat berbagai permasalahaan prioritas mitra yang digolongkan dalam tiga bidang yaitu 1). Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat, 2). Bidang Sosial Budaya dan 3). Prasarana Fisik. Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat antara lain pembudidayaan tanaman toga, rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam melakukan vaksinasi, 4 orang balita mengalami stunting, kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjalankan protokoler Kesehatan dalam rangka pencegahan covid-19. Permasalahan yang paling menonjol di masyarakat ialah Sebagian besar masyarakat bekerja sebagai petani dan wiraswasta yang tidak memiliki pendapatan tetap sehingga perlu ditingkatkan pengetahuan tentang pengelolaan keuangan pribadi. Pelaksanaan program pada bidang prasarana fisik antara lain pembuatan struktur pemerintahan dan dena desa Negeri Sifluru, Renovasi papan nama RT dan Pemindahan papan nama sekolah TK. Berdasarkan indentifikasi permasalahan mitra, kemudian dilakukan perencanaan program sesuai dengan permasalahan tersebut. Metode pelaksanaan program dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap pelaporan. Hasil perlaksanaan program mecerminkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat baik di bidang Kesehatan masyarakat maupun bidang sosial budaya. Bidang prasarana fisik semua adapat berjalan dengan baik karena arahan dan dukungan dana yang baik dari pemerintah negeri sifluru.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Makron Kenari Tepung Tulang Ikan Tuna di Kelurahan Salero Ternate
Authors: Ahmad Talib
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan pemberdayaan kepada masyarakat merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting dalam melakukan transfer knowledge atau proses duplikasi pengetahuan dari dosen kepada masyarakat. Salah satu transfer knowledge dan teknologi kepada masyarakat adalah dengan melakukan pemanfaatan limbah tulang ikan yang selama ini menjadi sampah justru dapat di olah kembali menjadi tepung tulang dan dapat diaplikasikan pada produk makron kenari. Makron kenari merupakan produk cemilan khas Maluku Utara yang sudah melegenda karena memiliki sensasi rasa yang enak dan gurih untuk dikonsumsi. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk melakukan pemberdayaan kelompok masyarakat di Kelurahan Salero Ternate melalui pelatihan pembuatan makron kenari tepung tulang ikan tuna. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabdian ini adalah dengan metode ceramah dan demonstrasi atau pelatihan langsung kepada para peserta, agar mereka memiliki skill dalam mengelola limbah tulang ikan. Hasil pendampingan dan pelatihan ini berhasil mengubah mindset masyarakat dalam mengolah limbah tulang ikan menjadi tepung tulang dan dapat diaplikasikan pada produk makron kenari. Produk makron kenari hasil inovasi memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi terutama kalsium dan fosfor yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan tubuh manusia.
Sosialisasi Mitigasi Bencana Alam pada Anak usia Dini di Kota Ternate
Authors: Yanny
Published: February 2025

Kerap terjadinya bencana alam yang terjadi di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari posisi geografisnya yang diapit oleh tiga lempeng utama. Bencana alam yang berpotensi terjadi meliputi erupsi gunung api, gempa bumi, tsunami, banjir, kekeringan, angin topan, dan tanah longsor. Akibat dari bencana alam tersebut menimbulkan jatuhnya korban jiwa dan materi. Usia anak-anak merupakan kelompok yang sangat rentan menjadi korban bencana. Hal ini juga karena kurangnya pemahaaman mengenai bencana alam dan mitigasinya pada kelompok usia tersebut. Edukasi mengenai bencana dan mitigasinya yang juga belum terintegrasi dalam kurikulum 91endidikan menjadikan masih rendahnya kesadaran dan kesiagaan terhadap bencana alam. Untuk itu, kegiatan sosialisasi mengenai bencana alam dan mitigasinya perlu diberikan kepada anak-anak sejak usia dini. Kegiatan sosialisasi bencana ini melibatkan guru dan murid dari Paud/TK Tuan Guru Alim, Kelurahan Akehuda, Kota Ternate. Kegiatan sosialisasi berupa penyampaian materi, simulasi dan tanya jawab. Tujuan dari kegitan ini yaitu tumbuhnya kesadaran dan pola 91endi yang tanggap bencana serta dapat meyebarkan informasi bencana dan mitigasinya ke lingkungan sekitar. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini bejalan 91endid dan antusias yang tinggi dari peserta. Metode penyampaian edukasi dengan bernyanyi, simulasi dan pemutaran video animasi dipilih sesuai dengan tingkat belajar peserta agar mudah dipahami.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Pewara dan Retorika Pada Pengurus Forlab di Kelurahan Tanganapada Kota Baubau
Authors: Nadir La Djamudi  , Asrul Nazar  , Muslim
Published: February 2025

Tujuan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah pelatihan keterampilan Pewara dan Retorika pada anggota Forum Latsitarda Bersatu (FORLAB) di Kelurahan Tanganapada Kecamatan Murhum Kota Baubau. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah, diskusi dan praktik. Hasil kegiatan PKM adalah: 1) Terlaksananya sosialisasi pentingnya Pewara dan Retorika dalam berorganisasi, 2) Meningkatnya keterampilan retorika yang dilihat dari perubahan dan peningkatan hasil Preetest ke hasil Postest setelah mengikuti pelatihan keterampialn pewarah. sebagai berikut: (a) Penampilan dari 30% menjadi 70%; (b) Gerak dari 40% menjadi 60%, (c) Ekspresi dari 50% tetap menjadi 50%, (d) Diksi dari 30% menjadi 70%, (e) Bahasa Baik dan Benar dari 20% menjadi 80%, (f) Keefektifan Kalimat dari 10% menjadi 90%, dan (g) wawasan dan Isi dari 10% menjadi 90%.
The Role of Marketing Skills in the Growth of SMMEs in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Jongwe Pamire , Seeletse Solly Matshonisa , Ladzani Watson
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the role of marketing skills in the growth of Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe. It focused on four key components: certified marketing per-sonnel, knowledgeable marketing personnel, the success of marketing campaigns, and customer engagement. The research examined whether these marketing skills contribute to the growth and success of SMMEs in the region. Two sets of samples were engaged namely 233 SME operators/employees for a structured questionnaire survey with analysis focused on correlations between marketing skills and busi-ness growth outcomes. The findings indicate a positive relationship be-tween marketing skills and business growth, with many participants recognizing the impact of marketing activities on development. However, challenges regarding the certification and expertise of marketing personnel were identified. The manuscript offers valuable insights into the way marketing skills drive SMME growth and provides actionable recommendations for improving marketing competencies. It under-scores the importance of certified, knowledgeable personnel, success-ful campaigns, and effective customer engagement, advocating for in-vestment in certified marketing professionals and continuous training. Additionally, the study emphasizes the role of marketing in fostering business growth and recommends enhancing marketing strategies, customer relationships, and policy support to ensure the sustained success of SMMEs
Mediterranean archaeology in a time of flood
Authors: Bevan Andrew
Published: February 2025

Even at a time when archaeology is almost everywhere awash in new evidence, the Mediterranean still boasts one of the most densely explored and intriguing records in the world. Curious combinations of regional connection and fragmentation mark the full span of Mediterranean human history, whether we are referring to human-impacted landscape ecologies, political structures or artefact traditions. The end result of these interactions or their absences has also been a picture of Mediterranean life that swings between abundance and scarcity, opportunity and isolation, perhaps even between utopia and dystopia. In academic terms, these extremes have been matched by a healthy to-and-fro between minute attention to the detail of Mediterranean evidence on the one hand, and more sweeping synthetic statements on the other, both over time and space. This paper looks to contextualise the state of Mediterranean archaeology at a time of evidential flood, and argues why and how we might exploit more of this potential.
Local, import and imitation pottery at Cerveteri: new perspectives on early Etruscan connectivity in Italy and in the eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Cerasuolo Orlando
Published: February 2025

From the ninth to the seventh century BC, the Etruscan city of Cerveteri was one of the major cities of the Mediterranean. Its advantageous position allowed the aristocratic rulers of the town to establish an intense network of trade and cultural connections. In this paper I will examine the material evidence, with a focus on imports, imitations and hybrid pottery at Cerveteri and on Caeretan products abroad, to investigate three major (though not the only) connection routes: the Tyrrhenian-Adriatic link, between the two opposite shores of central Italy, connecting Cerveteri to the Ager Picenus; the Tyrrhenian coastal route, linking the Etruscans to the diverse populations of Campania and Sicily; and the overseas connections, reaching the central and the eastern Mediterranean. The study of the material outcomes of these three routes helps in understanding the dynamics of pottery import and imitation as well as their potential correlation with movements of people.
Socio-political networks of the Late Bronze Age Euboean Gulf: the ceramic evidence
Authors: Kramer-Hajos Margaretha
Published: February 2025

This paper applies a framework of network thinking to pottery evidence from the Late Bronze Age Euboean Gulf coasts to suggest possible mechanics behind observed changes. It is suggested that especially the manipulation of ‘weak ties’ (long-distance contacts) by elites shaped the fortuities of the area. It drove the emergence of elite Mycenaean culture along the coasts in the early Mycenaean period; then propelled Thebes to the status of palace. The Theban elites re-oriented the pre-existing trade network to access the coast, resulting in a decline of the coastal areas. After the Theban collapse, the coastal network re-formed and allowed Euboean Gulf coast settlements to prosper once more.
Naming trees in fifteenth-century herbals: translations and bilingualism in botanical vocabulary
Authors: Laforêt Alice
Published: February 2025

During the late Middle Ages, an increasing number of texts written in vernacular language conveyed theoretical knowledge on plants. Some of these herbals were the result of translations and adaptations of earlier Latin texts, while others formed new compilations. The plants treated were broadly the same as those in the herbals from the previous period. Nevertheless, some new plants began to appear in those texts, thanks to the use of other sources, and required a name to be identified. Some other plants were until then only found in scholarly texts; there was no term in vernacular language to designate them. Naming these plants was therefore a challenge for the authors, working on lexical adaptations and contributing to the creation of a specialized botanical vocabulary.
Botany and diplomacy: Pietro Andrea Mattioli and his Flemish correspondents in Constantinople (1557–1568)
Authors: Ciancio Luca
Published: February 2025

The relations between the Flemish humanist and diplomat Augier Ghiselin de Busbecq and several of his fellow countrymen such as Carolus Clusius are well known in connection with the introduction of various plants such as the tulip into the gardens of Europe. Less well known but nonetheless significant is Busbecq’s role as a contributor to Pietro Andrea Mattioli’s botanical investigations during and after his mission to Constantinople. The main purpose of this chapter is to understand how the interplay between Mattioli’s position in the Habsburg court and his participation in various Venetian information networks was strategic to adding to the botanical knowledge of his time.
Peregrine empires: The “fruitful neighbourhood and great trade” of Leonhart Rauwolf’s plant collecting
Authors: Carrión María M. , Espigares Violeta Ruiz
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the contributions of Leonhart Rauwolf’s Kreütterbuecher to developing epistemologies, politics, and economics of science, religion, and empire in sixteenth-century Europe. The first three volumes of this collection hold plants from various European sites Rauwolf visited; the fourth one is home to a singular collection of plants harvested by Rauwolf in various points of the Middle East. Following Tilmann Walter’s reading of this collection as “a journey into the (un)known,” this study focuses on the bonds between these four volumes and the naturalist’s 1582 Aigentliche Beschreibung der Raiß inn die Morgenländerin (translated in 1693 by John Ray as Rauwolf’s Itinerary into the Eastern Countries) as material evidence of the Germanic imperial drive in Rauwolf’s collecting.
Quality Characteristics and Sensory Profile of Flavoured Yogurt Enriched with Banana and Pineapple
Authors: Okoroafor Clara Nneka , Obinwa Ezinne Prisca
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to enhance nutritional and consumer wellbeing through a holistic approach of evaluating the proximate and sensory attribute of flavoured yogurt enriched with banana (Musa acuminata) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) in order to meet the increasing demand for functional meals that improve nutritional qualities and overall health. To assess the yogurt samples proximate composition and sensory qualities, the study used an experimental design. A defined recipe that included 5% fruit with 1.5 litres of water, sugar, gelatin, and starter culture were used to produce the yogurt. In order to ascertain the level of moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates, proximate analysis was carried out using AOAC procedures. A panel of 40 judges used a 9-point hedonic scale to evaluate the flavour, aroma, texture, appearance, and overall acceptability of the products. The results showed that attribute of pineapple flavoured yoghurt after fermentation had the overall acceptability of 6.2 followed by banana flavoured yoghurt after fermentation 6.1. Addition of pineapple and banana to the yoghurt production enhanced both its nutritional and sensory qualities, which increased its consumer appeal. The results show how local fruits can be used to make yoghurt, which can lead to healthier, more nutrient-dense products that satisfy consumer preferences and correct nutritional inadequacies. The development of functional dairy products that can enhance health outcomes for groups with dietary problems is made easier by this research. It is advised that more research be done to determine the long-term health advantages of these flavoured yoghurts and whether larger markets will accept them.
SCARLET FEVER IN PEDIATRICS
Authors: Pedro do Valle Varela João , Alves Ribeiro Matheus , Aiala de Sousa Lopes Layane , Cardoso Caus Amanda , Dias Duarte Torres Nicolli , Soares Gonçalves Julia , Trajano Silveira Martins Kailane , Carolina Fernandes Mendes Ana , Tibério Campos Calegário Luiza , Da Glória Lopes Brito dos Reis Thainá , Gava Lara , Maria Moreno Lobo Marcelle , Machado dos Reis Yago , Ricardo Moreira de Oliveira Carriço Hamilton , Viola Machado Eloísa , Larissa Morozewsky Costa Isadora , Dos Santos Batista Thayna
Published: February 2025

Scarlet fever is a bacterial infection caused by *Streptococcus pyogenes* which predominantly affects school-age children. Although its prevalence has decreased over the years due to the advance of antibiotics, outbreaks still occur, requiring special attention regarding early diagnosis and the prevention of post-streptococcal complications, such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. The aim of this study is to review updates in the diagnosis of scarlet fever in pediatrics, emphasizing clinical and laboratory methods, as well as assessing the impact of post-streptococcal complications on children’s health. This literature review addresses the diagnostic, epidemiological and therapeutic challenges of group A streptococcal (GAS) diseases, with a focus on scarlet fever, antimicrobial resistance, post-infectious complications and vaccine development. The analysis includes global trends, management strategies and scientific advances in dealing with these diseases. The clinical diagnosis of scarlet fever is based on the presence of fever, pharyngitis, a characteristic rash and classic signs such as strawberry tongue. Rapid tests for streptococcal antigen and oropharyngeal culture are essential laboratory tools for confirmation. Treatment with antibiotics, such as penicillin or amoxicillin, is effective in resolving the infection, but failure to start treatment early can lead to serious complications, including post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever, both of which have potential long-term impacts on cardiovascular and renal health. Therefore, scarlet fever remains a relevant concern in pediatrics due to the risk of post-streptococcal complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are key to preventing serious outcomes. Constant updates to clinical guidelines and access to rapid diagnostic tests are essential to improve care and reduce the impact of the disease in children.
ESTABILIDADE DA GESTANTE NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO: COMO ESTÁ A PROTEÇÃO APÓS ANOS DA REFORMA TRABALHISTA?
Authors: MELO DIOGO FORTUNATO , ZEFERINO MORGANA COMIN , DA SILVA FÁBIO LOPES , DE LIMA  JEANDERSON OLIVEIRA REIS
Published: February 2025

The 2017 Labor Reform introduced substantial dynamic changes to the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT), directly impacting the job security of pregnant women. Among the main changes, the new wording of article 10 of the Transitional Constitutional Provisions Act (ADCT) stands out, which restricted the clause to the arbitrary or unjustified dismissal of pregnant employees, from the confirmation of pregnancy until five months after delivery. The ambiguity in the interpretation of the rule generated legal certainty and challenges in the application of the law, leading to a diversity of case law understandings on the matter. Additionally, the flexibilization of labor relations allowed the formalization of out-of-court agreements for contract termination, a factor that can compromise the guarantee of job security for pregnant women. The permission for pregnant women to work in medium or minimally unhealthy environments, upon presentation of a medical certificate, also generated debates about possible risks to maternal and fetal health. These changes have drawn criticism from trade unions and labor experts, who claim that they represent a setback in maternity protection and a possible worsening of working conditions for pregnant women. Given this scenario, a critical analysis of the impacts of the Labor Reform on the job security of pregnant women is essential, considering the legal, social, and economic implications. This study seeks to assess whether there was an increase or reduction in the number of dismissals of pregnant women after the implementation of the reform, to examine the effectiveness of the new wording of Article 10 of the ADCT, and to verify the consequences of the regulatory changes for labor relations. In addition, other related labor rights will be discussed, such as maternity leave and maternity pay, as well as the adequacy of the new legislation to the constitutional principles of protection of maternity and human dignity.
Simulation of Glycol Regeneration in a Natural Gas Dehydration Unit to Minimize Losses at Optimal Operation Conditions
Authors: Bassam Alhamad  , Ali Hasan Alhalwachi  , Komail Husain Mohamed  , Mohamed Shehab Yusuf
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The focal point of this study is to analyse the workings of a glycol dehydration unit in a natural gas plant and minimize the losses in the triethylene glycol solvent at the optimal operating conditions, by using Aspen HYSYS to simulate the plant, and to suggest different optimization paths that maximize the profit or functionality of the plant.
The simulation was conducted in the steady-state mode by relying on the data provided from real data by the natural gas plant to establish a model that reflected the results seen in the actual plant accurately. On validation, the case studies were established by choosing the prominent operating conditions and gauging their effects on the characteristic process outputs of a dehydration unit.
Furthermore, to find the optimum conditions to maximize the profit or functionality, 350,640 HYSYS cases were conducted to record the data of every possible sensible combination of operating conditions, then the weighted normalized method was applied to find the optimum conditions. Six alternatives were generated depending on the optimization problem. Among the suggested alternatives, two cases were recommended based on the objective function, where the first objective function was to provide the maximum profit, with 923 $/h over the base case, and the second objective function was to provide the minimum moisture content of 0.00014% wt., which eventually provides a less profit, thus only being recommended for processes that require extreme drying.
African regional integration: An analysis of the possibility of advancing towards a supranational structure. a study using SVAR
Authors: EL Hajoui Yassine  , Radouane RAOUF  , Adil Ez-Zetouni
Published: February 2025

The objective of this article is to identify the degree of (a)symmetry of macroeconomic shocks affecting African countries in order to test the possibility of progressing towards a supranational structure. To achieve this goal, we employ a structural VAR process to decompose the macroeconomic shocks and then determine their degree of correlation. The results show that the economies of the continent are marked by relatively high degrees of asymmetry, as the responses to the same type of shock differ. Indeed, 79.02% of the correlations of real supply shocks between African countries are asymmetric, as well as 86.76% of the correlations of demand shocks, and 88.13% of the correlations of monetary shocks. Thus, a deepening of integration towards the harmonization of policies would lead to an increase in real divergence between countries, resulting in a reinforcement of the asymmetry of shocks on the African continent.
 Keywords: Macroeconomic Shocks, Supranational Structure, SVAR Model, Degrees of Asymmetry.
Efficiency Energy Usage by Hospitals in Poland in 2010-2019
Authors: CYGANSKA Malgorzata
Published: February 2025

Energy consumption in Polish hospitals has changed over the years. In order to improve energy efficiency in these buildings, it is necessary to know the trends and determinants of energy consumption. The study aimed to examine the size of the hospitals and the efficiency of energy use by hospitals in Poland in 2010-2019. Data from 3,061 hospital reports on financial data and medical activities for 2010–2019 were used for the analysis. To measure and compare energy use efficiency in hospitals, we developed energy efficiency indicators and analyzed them by hospital size. Means and SDs were calculated for all data. Variables were compared using the Student’s t-test. Statistical analysis was performed using StatSoft Statistica version 13.3. The article provides new empirical evidence on the determinants of electricity consumption in Polish hospitals regarding their size. The size of the hospital varies the electricity efficiency use related to the number of doctors, nurses, operating rooms, and the value of fixed assets. As expected, larger hospitals seem to use more energy.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Commodity Put Options Market: A Case Study of WTI Crude Oil
Authors: ŁAMASZ Bartosz , MICHALSKI Marek
Published: February 2025

The energy commodity options market is characterized by high price volatility, often exceeding that of traditional asset classes such as stocks, bonds, interest rates, or stock indices. This volatility is directly reflected in the pricing of options. As one of the key determinants of the option premium, volatility implies that any significant fluctuations in the underlying asset’s market can lead to higher costs for option buyers. Consequently, sudden and unpredictable events – such as the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic – can significantly alter the dynamics and characteristics of the options market.

The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare the state of the commodity put options market before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, using WTI crude oil options contracts as a case study. The study examines a four-year period – two years before and two years after the onset of the pandemic –focusing on American put options with maturities of no more than 30 days. The analysis includes options with various strike prices, deviating by 5% from the WTI crude oil price at the position’s opening. The findings indicate a significantly higher level of option premiums across all option categories, along with a notably lower frequency of option exercise. Prior to the pandemic, put options with the highest strike price (5% above the WTI price at the time of position opening) and the shortest maturities provided the most effective hedge against declines in oil prices. Although this category remained the most favorable during the pandemic, the frequency of profitable option exercises was 2.5 times lower compared to the pre-pandemic period.
OPTIMALISASI KUALITAS PRODUK DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE DMAI DALAM PENERAPAN SIX SIGMA PADA PT. RM
Authors: Perdana Dony , Ardhyani Ika Widya , Lestariningsih Wiji , Garini Sherly Ardhya
Published: February 2025

ABSTRAK
Kebutuhan mendesak terkait optimalisasi kualitas produk dan daya saing suatu perusahaan di tengah persaingan pasar yang ketat menjadi alasan utama dilakukan penelitian ini. Tingginya tingkat cacat dan kerusakan produk berdampak pada peningkatan biaya produksi, rusaknya reputasi perusahaan serta turunnya kepuasan pelanggan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, penelitian menerapkan metode Six Sigma dengan pendekatan DMAI (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve) pada PT. RM, sebuah perusahaan patungan Jepang-Indonesia di industri furnitur. Hasil dari tahap define mengidentifikasi cacat utama, yaitu pecah V-Cut 49% dengan persentase 49% dari total cacat. Tahap measure menunjukkan tingkat cacat produk melebihi target optimal, dengan DPMO sebesar 47.667 dan nilai sigma rata-rata 3,2. Melalui tahap analyze, ditemukan faktor utama penyebab cacat, yakni ketidaksesuaian proses pemotongan, kebersihan material, dan kurangnya kontrol kualitas. Solusi pada tahap improve mencakup perbaikan prosedur kerja, pelatihan karyawan, dan pemeliharaan rutin mesin. Hasil penelitian diharapkan mampu mengurangi frekuensi cacat produk, meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, dan memperkuat daya saing PT. RM di pasar domestik maupun internasional, serta mendukung keuntungan jangka panjang bagi perusahaan
ABSTRACT
The urgent need to optimize product quality and a company’s competitiveness amid intense market competition is the primary motivation for this research. High defect and damage rates increase production costs, damage the company’s reputation, and reduce customer satisfaction. To address this issues, this study applies the Six Sigma methodology using the DMAI (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve) approach at PT RM, a Japanese-Indonesian joint venture in the furniture industry. In the define stage, the main defect identified was V-Cut breakage, accounting for 49% of total defects. The measure stage revealed that the product defect rate exceeded the optimal target, with a DPMO of 47,667 and an average sigma value of 3.2 The analyze stage identified inconsistencies in the cutting process, material cleanliness issues, and inadequate quality control as the primary causes of defects. To address these problems, the improve stage proposed solutions such as refining work procedures, conducting employee training, and implementing routine machine maintenance. The study’s findings are expected to reduce product defect frequency, enhance operational efficiency, and strengthen PT RM's competitiveness in domestic and international markets, ultimately supporting the company’s long-term profitability.
PENGGUNAAN OMNI DIRECTIONAL WHEELS 4-AXIS DALAM PERGERAKAN ROBOT MAZE-SOLVING
Authors: Wardhana Dimas Aditya Putra , Septyan Mamat , Nurul Irawan Guntur Bagus
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas pengujian kemampuan robot berbasis roda omni 4-axis dalam menyelesaikan labirin dengan tingkat kesulitan yang bervariasi. Robot diuji pada empat konfigurasi utama labirin, mulai dari lintasan sederhana hingga lintasan kompleks yang memiliki elemen loop. Parameter yang diamati meliputi durasi penyelesaian lintasan, konsumsi daya, tingkat akurasi navigasi, dan jumlah koreksi jalur selama proses navigasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada lintasan sederhana, waktu rata-rata penyelesaian mencapai 12,3 detik dengan akurasi 98,8%, sedangkan pada lintasan kompleks dengan loop, waktu meningkat menjadi 58,6 detik dengan akurasi menurun hingga 89,5%. Selain pengujian navigasi, studi ini juga mengevaluasi pola gerakan robot berdasarkan sudut arah tertentu. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan pola rotasi motor yang sesuai dengan desain sistem, dengan kecepatan stabil sebesar 300 RPM. Efisiensi motor mencapai nilai tertinggi (87%) pada gerakan maju, namun sedikit menurun pada manuver geser dan diagonal. Penggunaan roda omni 4-axis memungkinkan robot bergerak lebih fleksibel di lintasan berbelok tajam atau pada konfigurasi lintasan yang memerlukan gerakan lateral. Meskipun sistem ini menunjukkan kinerja yang baik, terdapat tantangan yang perlu diatasi, termasuk kebutuhan untuk menyempurnakan algoritma navigasi agar lebih responsif dan efisien. Dengan integrasi teknologi kontrol mutakhir, sistem ini berpotensi untuk diterapkan dalam skenario robotika yang lebih kompleks, seperti eksplorasi otomatis dan operasi industri.
ANALISA PENGARUH VARIASI RPM TERHADAP SUDU-SUDU PADA Trainer PLT MIKRO HIDRO
Authors: Lestariningsih Wiji , Choifin Moch. , Sholichin Sholichin
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui cara kerja alat pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro (PLTMH) terhadap keluaran daya dengan variasi kecepatan putaran atau rpm. Pengujian ini dilaksanakan di technopark Universitas Maarif Hasyim Latif Sidoarjo dimana menggunakan variasi kecepatan putaran, yaitu 539 rpm dan 677 rpm. Metode yang digunakan di Tugas Akhir ini adalah kuantitatif. Cara kerja alat ini dimulai ketika aliran air masuk ke dalam alat PLTMH dan memutar turbin. Putaran turbin tersebut kemudian diubah menjadi keluaran daya listrik dan menghasilkan debit air. Variasi kecepatan putaran atau rpm ini berdampak signifikan pada besarnya daya dan debit air yang dihasilkan oleh alat. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan daya sebesar 0,56 volt antara kecepatan putaran 539 rpm dan 677 rpm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kecepatan putaran turbin dapat mempengaruhi efektivitas produksi daya listrik alat PLTMH.
MENELUSURI KEARIFAN LOKAL: RAGAM LEGENDA MASYARAKAT BIMA SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA TINGKAT DASAR
Authors: Ifan Muhammad
Published: February 2025

AbstractLegends are a form of oral literature rich in cultural and moral values, with significant potential for teaching and preserving local cultural heritage. This study aims to explore and analyze the cultural values embedded in the legends of the Bima community in West Nusa Tenggara, focusing on their use as teaching materials in elementary-level literature education. As a form of oral literature, legends hold considerable potential in teaching moral, cultural, and social values. This research employs a literary anthropology approach and digital ethnography methods to document various types of folktales and analyze the values they contain. Data was collected through online interviews with key informants who shared these tales. The findings reveal that the four primary legends studied La Hila Putri Ma Mbora, Wadu Ntanda Rahi, the Legend of Mount Tambora, and Daeng La Minga contain important multicultural values, such as respect for nature, family values, emotional resilience, religious beliefs, tolerance, as well as morality and ethics. This research is expected to contribute to the development of relevant and meaningful literary teaching materials, while introducing the rich local culture of Bima to younger generations through elementary literature education.Keywords: Folktales, Oral Literature, Cultural Values, Literature Education, Bima community MENELUSURI KEARIFAN LOKAL: RAGAM LEGENDA MASYARAKAT BIMA SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA TINGKAT DASARAbstrakLegenda merupakan salah satu bentuk sastra lisan yang kaya akan nilai-nilai budaya dan moral, yang memiliki potensi besar dalam pengajaran dan pelestarian warisan budaya lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan menganalisis nilai-nilai kultural yang terkandung dalam legenda masyarakat Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat, dengan fokus pada pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan ajar dalam pengajaran sastra di tingkat dasar. Legenda, sebagai salah satu bentuk sastra lisan, memiliki potensi besar untuk mengajarkan nilai-nilai moral, budaya, dan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan antropologi sastra dan metode etnografi digital untuk mendokumentasikan berbagai jenis dongeng dan menganalisis nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara daring dengan informan kunci yang menyampaikan dongeng-dongeng tersebut. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa empat dongeng utama yang diteliti, yaitu La Hila Putri Ma Mbora, Wadu Ntanda Rahi, Legenda Gunung Tambora, dan Daeng La Minga, mengandung nilai-nilai multikultural yang penting, seperti penghormatan terhadap alam, nilai kekeluargaan, ketahanan emosional, keagamaan, toleransi, serta moralitas dan etika. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan bahan ajar sastra yang relevan dan bermakna, serta memperkenalkan kekayaan budaya lokal Bima kepada generasi muda melalui pendidikan sastra di tingkat dasar.Kata kunci: Legenda, sastra lisan, nilai kultural, pengajaran sastra, masyarakat Bima