bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ring at Clava as the allusion to the dimensional features of the pyramid of Cheops
Authors: Shatalov Alexander
Published: October 2023

The proposed study was devoted to the analysis of the scheme of dimensional and geometric ratios of the circle of stones in Clava and is a kind of continuation of the topic raised in our previous publication, analyzing such megalithic monument as "calendar circle" in Nabta Playa. Like the previous study, this one relies on the application of some prime numbers, most commonly 37, but also others related to the "Cupola Algorithm's" sequence of numbers. The article shows that the creators of the circle in Clava were well acquainted with the methods of precise geometric constructions, and with the ancient Egyptian system of linear measures, in addition, the dimensions of this circle with a high degree of probability is the allusion at the dimensional and geometric features of the Cheops pyramid.
Modern methods of managing household finances in Russia
Authors: Kodolova I.A. , Yusupova L.M. , Nikonova T.V. , Khisamova E.D. , Veslogusova M.V.
Published: October 2023

In today’s world, the household is an essential part of a country’s economy, and the efficiency and quality of household activity determine a country’s well-being. In order to function effectively in a country’s economic system, the household has to analyse the needs and desires of the immediate participants. The data then informs the creation of savings opportunities and goals. In addition to setting the direction and objectives of household financial management, the immediate participants in the household make an indicative assessment of the financial resources they need to meet their needs. The economy of the household is based on a rather complex and contradictory set of relations between its participants. These relationships are determined by differences in age, character traits, habits of people, the unequal level of their needs and incomes. At the same time, the normal development of the household is possible only if the participants find mutual understanding when making economic decisions. Coordination of the socioeconomic interests of different members of the household is ensured by the regulation of these interests, which implies a possible change in the part of disposable income that comes to one member of the household.
Developer status assessment based on its aggregate capacity estimation
Authors: Voronina Natalia , Steksova Svetlana
Published: October 2023

Investment and construction activity development entailed not only the improvement of existing systems and approaches to the assessment of the state of participants of this process, but also the emergence of new areas of analysis based on a comprehensive space-oriented structure of both the project itself and its environment. The methods of the complex estimation of the investment and construction project condition which takes into account not only the design risk and the stage of the project realisation but also the financial and economic condition of the participants of the investment and construction activity, first of all the developer. The estimation of financial and economic conditions of the developer is suggested to be carried out on the ground of aggregate potential that characterises the possibilities to achieve the objectives set before the enterprise and solve the current problems taking into account resource constraints and factors of the internal and external environment. Consideration of the aggregate potential of the enterprise as a complex multilevel system that covers all subsystems and organisational and technological processes, allows developing a comprehensive and objective assessment of the financial and economic condition of the developer that allows identifying reserves to further improve the efficiency of its activities.
Human capital and employment transformation in the context of digitalisation
Authors: Kumisheva Zalina , Mambetova Fatimat
Published: October 2023

The ongoing fourth industrial revolution, characterised by the technological singularity, has introduced significant changes in the development scenarios of the global and Russian economy. The changes caused by the new technological mode occur with exponential acceleration, which inevitably transforms the way of life, culture, education model and forms a new system of values, which implies replacing the existing model of human capital with a standard set of highly specialised skills with a new model that promotes the development of flexible skills and abilities on the basis of interdisciplinary approach to learning. In this regard, the article is devoted to the study of transformational forms of employment, its standard and non-standard forms, as well as to the identification of adaptive capabilities of human capital to new forms of employment in the conditions of digital and structural transformation. The methodological basis of the study was the provisions of economic theory and macroeconomic analysis. Based on a comparative analysis, the adaptive capacity of human capital to new forms of employment was evaluated. The research allowed us to classify transformational - new forms and types of employment, identify the main features of new forms of employment, identify the main professional skills in demand in the conditions of digitalisation, and propose possible options for the adaptation of human capital in the era of digitalisation.
Design of methodology for estimation of parcel investment attractiveness using spatially adjusted predictive modelling
Authors: Kurlov Aleksey
Published: October 2023

Determining investment attractiveness is an important task, in the meaning of economic and administration operation. The investment attractiveness of a land parcel can be assessed quantitatively as a value of dynamics in its sale price. In addition, spatial parameters can be accounted when estimating the investment attractiveness. To ensure prediction of land parcel sale prices and their dynamics we implemented ensemble regression analysis. Methodology was tested on publically accessible data of Russian cadastral agency. To elaborate an investment attractiveness clustering of cadastral units depending on price and spatial parameters, we conducted k-means clustering with Silhouette metric control.
Creation of a methodology for assessing the impact of the intellectual capital management mechanism on key indicators of sustainable development of an enterprise
Authors: Akatov Nikolay , Mingaleva Zhanna , Andronov Sergey , Kosyakin Sergey
Published: October 2023

Annotation. The sustainable development of an enterprise is increasingly dependent on the creation of effective intellectual capital management systems, on the applied intellectual capital management mechanism. In turn, this implies the creation of a reliable mathematical tool for monitoring and evaluating this efficiency, as well as assessing the impact of the mechanism for managing the intellectual capital of an enterprise on key indicators of its sustainable development. The article presents a description of the creation of a methodology and a model for such an assessment. The fuzzy-multiple approach is used as the main one. The article presents a cognitive model of the relationship between assessment indicators, a procedure for assessing the relationship, models for assessing the influence of factors, the procedure for identifying and evaluating key results, identifying critical factors, and calculating the final complex indicator.
Modeling of strategic management of business processes of production and entrepreneurial structures
Authors: Shashlo Nina , Kotesova Anastasia , Kotesov Anatoly , Isaenko Alexander
Published: October 2023

The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological provisions and develops practical recommendations for modeling the strategic management of business processes of production and business structures. The necessity of reformatting the structure and content of the system of strategic management of business processes of industrial enterprises is proved. The key principles of the system of strategic management of business processes of industrial enterprises are offered. The concept of business process management of industrial enterprises has been formed, emphasizing that effective business process management involves their improvement and optimization. It is proved that the optimization of business processes is a necessary tool to ensure the efficiency of enterprises in modern conditions. It is proved that in order to make effective management decisions it is advisable to use process and project approaches. As part of the process approach, it is proposed to use the Workflow method, which involves approaches to accelerate adaptation and optimization, and reduce the response time of the enterprise to dynamic changes in the business environment. As part of the concept, a mathematical model was developed that characterizes the system of distribution of manufactured products for sale in domestic and foreign markets. It is determined that the task of optimization is to calculate the specific volumes of products that need to be sold in each of the markets. The main results of effective implementation of strategic management of business processes of industrial enterprises are highlighted. The proposed developments will help improve the quality of products and services of enterprises in order to fully meet the requirements of consumers.
Legal mechanisms of the Kyrgyz Republic to promote sustainable development and environmental protection
Authors: Akmatova Amanai , Niyazbekova Shakizada , Britvina Valentina , Karabaeva Kanzada , Osmonova Aigul
Published: October 2023

This article examines in detail the green economy and law are closely related, since the green economy is aimed at sustainable development and environmental protection, which requires legislative support and regulation.
Cartographic approach to comparative urban planning analysis of the territory
Authors: Samoylova H.A. , Magomedova D.A. , Moskalenko I.V.
Published: October 2023

The analysis of the urban planning territory has been improving for a long time, including the achievements in urban planning and cartographic representation of the territory. Using the thematic map, which represents the centers of ancient agriculture, i.e., the origin of the urban planning territory, the hypothesis of preservation and urban development of such territories is put forward. This hypothesis was tested by utilizing the online cartographic tool called “Atlas of Light pollution map” and by creating urban planning zones based on settlements in the North Caucasus region of Russia.
Management of industrial development projects in special economic zone
Authors: Iskandarov Daler , Borozdina Svetlana
Published: October 2023

Article examines problem of improving efficiency of industrial development project management in special economic zones (SEZ) at various stages of their life cycle. Conducted analysis of functioning features of SEZs in the context of implementation state policy on their development in the Russian Federation (RF), with subsequent determination nature of prevailing trends and changes in application of this tool in macroeconomic environment to promote economic activity. To solve problem that posed in study, authors have developed a method for evaluating effectiveness of industrial development project management in SEZ, which consists in using the benefits and advantages of preferential management regime in the activities of construction organizations implementing similar projects. Purpose of study is to improve methods of assessing effectiveness of management activities for implementation project activities in the SEZ based on a balanced spatial arrangement of construction objects. Result of research consists in development a model that describes role of SEZ in ensuring improvement of industrial and construction sphere of state and creation a project management assessment method that considers provisions of spatial development strategy. Key research methods that served as basis for solving scientific problems are theoretical analysis, synthesis, measurement, and modeling. In addition, article pays special attention to reflection the role of "one window" principle, which operates on SEZ territory and has a positive impact on implementation investment and construction projects (ICPs). Authors of study suggest that possibility of accelerated passage of administrative procedures for obtaining executive permits for construction activities largely shapes effectiveness of industrial development projects.
Placement of social bonds through crowdfunding: Global trends and prospects for implementation in domestic practice
Authors: Sidorenko Elena , Semiglazova Vladislava , Sukhinin Sergey
Published: October 2023

The article considers the possibility of using additional sources of financing in the construction and operation of social infrastructure facilities. We are talking about the use of social bonds. The idea belongs to the International Capital Markets Association (ICMA), where the issue of social bonds is designed to solve specific problems of society, ensuring the saving of public fundsThe issue and circulation of social bonds must comply with a number of principles: the mandatory use of funds from the placement of these bonds for the development of the company, special criteria for the selection of projects of social impact and assessment of social effect, requirements for disclosure of information and its transparency. At the same time, it is necessary that investment projects are aimed at achieving positive social results that can be quantified. An attempt was made to develop measures to combine the instrument of social bonds and the principles of investment crowdfunding for the accumulation of funds by municipalities. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the work of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of analyzing government debt obligations to expand investment in infrastructure facilities at the regional and local levels, as well as research on the use of crowdfunding in the implementation of non-capital-intensive investment projects. The information base of the study was compiled by analytical reviews of the National Center for Public-Private Partnership, data from domestic statistics, analytical reviews of the Bank of Russia.
Digital logistics platforms as a current trend to ensure the transport competitiveness of the state on the example of China's LOGINK platform
Authors: Drozdova Maria , Udalova Daria
Published: October 2023

The article discusses current trends in the development of digital logistics platforms, changes in international legal regulation of the transport and logistics industry to create a regulatory framework governing the functioning of logistics platforms, China's experience in creating a logistics platform LOGINK, as well as the impact of digitalization processes and anti-globalization sentiment in the global economy on the formation of new trends in the regulation of cross-border logistics. The analysis of Chinese experience in creating an international digital logistics platform LOGINK allows us to identify best practices and adopt successful experience of digitalization of cross-border logistics to increase the resilience of the Russian transport and logistics ec to external geopolitical challenges and the formation of a digital logistics ecosystem within the EAEU. In the context of digitalization and automation of processes, the rupture of Russian-European logistics routes, strengthening of international cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region, modernization of international legal regulation of transport and logistics cooperation is required in order to create and implement a unified digital platform to fully ensure the 5th level logistics provider, to create a standard of international electronic document management and electronic consignment note.
The influence of biotechnologies, information and communication technologies on the formation of a healthy lifestyle among studentsу
Authors: Ivanova Anna , Ryzhkin Nikolay , Savchenko Yulia
Published: October 2023

This paper reflects the results of determining the impact of biotechnologies, information and communication technologies on the results in amateur and professional sports. The paper discusses the main issues of the impact of the achievements of biotechnology and information technology on the practice of sports, as well as their prevalence. Students involved both in groups of general physical training and in sports sections participated in the experiment. Among the participants of the study were both amateur athletes and athletes with sports categories and titles. The study was divided into areas: the prevalence and impact of sports trackers among athletes; biotechnological approach to monitoring and tracking the biological indicators of an athlete; systems for the formation of training programs based on the processing of biological indicators by neural networks. The main ways of using information and communication technologies and biotechnologies in sports were identified by studying current trends in amateur and professional approaches to playing sports: digital systems for fixing sports results, a biotechnological approach to monitoring and tracking an athlete’s biological indicators, systems for creating training programs based on processing biological indicators by neural networks. The influence of the combination of the above directions and factors on amateur and professional approaches to physical culture and sports is considered.
Electromagnetic quality of a linear asynchronous motor with different designs of the secondary element
Authors: Yunusov Rustem F. , Imomnazarov Azizbek B. , Rajabov Muzaffar N. , Karimov Ilxom N. , Оblaqulov Sohib T. , Mamatkulov Asam N.
Published: October 2023

Linear asynchronous electric motors drive the working bodies of the mechanisms directly and quite fully fulfill their drive characteristics, allow eliminating mechanical converters and increase performance. This solves the problem of maximum articulation, splicing of a source of mechanical energy - an electric motor and an executive technological mechanism. Linear electric motors with a massive ferromagnetic secondary are the most cost-effective, taking into account the operating modes - when operating in starting modes and on stop, therefore, in practice, it often becomes necessary to calculate them in a short circuit mode. With a simplified calculation, it is convenient to use correction factors for increasing magnetic fluxes in the yoke, secondary losses and efforts of linear induction motors compared to the same values in a circular analogue. The dependences of such coefficients on the quality factor, the number of pairs of poles and the relative magnetic resistance of shunting. In the general case, the comparison and selection of the design of a linear induction motor is carried out at the stage of preliminary design using the optimality criteria - the quality factor.
Numerical Investigation to Assess the Cyclic Performance of RBS Connection using Cover Plates
Authors: Casita Cintantya Budi , Suswanto Budi , Iranata Data , Matsumura Masahide
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the result of four welded connections under cyclic loading using finite element analysis, those are: Conventional Connection (C-Con), Cover Plates Connection (CP-Con), Reduced Beam Section Connection (RBS-Con), and RBS Connection using Cover Plates (RBSCP-Con) using the same material properties, including dimension of the profile and its span. Previous research indicates that, even though the fact that the initial seismic yield must be located far from the column’s face, it still occurs on the majority of RBS connections on occasion. By adding a cover plate to the top and bottom flanges of the beam, the research can provide a seismic design improvement for RBS connections. The analysis results observed that cyclic performance of RBSCP-Con was much superior to the other connections in terms of plastic hinges location, panel zone’s performance, and failure modes. However, CP-con has the maximum value of energy dissipation, which correlates with its hysteresis curves. Furthermore, all of the four types of connections already satisfy SMF category requirements in accordance with AISC 341-16.
Study on the acid polysaccharide from the purslane plant Portulaca olerácea
Authors: Khakimova Bakhor , Atkhamova Saida , Ruzmetova Dildora , Kurambaev Sherzod , Samandarov Abror , Masharipova Mukhabbat , Sabirova Nadira , Khakimova Oliya
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, searching for new raw materials and sources of biologically active substances of plant origin is very important. The wide distribution, relative ease of isolation, and high physiological activity have made the practical application of the acid polysaccharide attractive. An intensive study of the relationship between the structure and physicochemical properties of acidic polysaccharides is currently underway. The objective of the research is to isolate and study the physicochemical properties of the acidic polysaccharide (pectic substances) isolated from the medicinal plant Portulaca (lat. Portúlacaolerácea) growing on the lower part of the Amu Darya. The article presents the results of the isolation and chemical study of the acid polysaccharide by paper and gas-liquid chromatography. It has been established that this carbohydrate complex is represented by pectin substances. Their qualitative and quantitative monosaccharide composition has been established. The physicochemical parameters and monosaccharide composition of garden purslane have been studied. According to chromatography, the monosaccharide composition consists of uronic acid, galactose, glucose, arabinose, xylose, and minor rhamnose. The obtained pectin substances from the garden purslane plant belong to high molecular weight acidic polysaccharides, arabinoglucouranans.
Mechanism of H2O Vapor Adsorption in A Type Zeolites: A Model Based on Adsorption Calorimetry
Authors: Rakhmatkarieva Firuza , Davlatova Odina , Kokhkharov Mirzokhid , Xudoyberganov Mansur , Ergashev Oybek , Abdurakhmonov Eldor , Abdulkhaev Tolib
Published: October 2023

In this study, the energy characteristics of water vapor adsorption in NaA and NaA(NaBO2) zeolites were measured by adsorption calorimetry. Information of differential heats, isotherms, entropy and kinetic of adsorption in the matrix of NaA and NaA(NaBO2) zeolites were obtained. Adsorption isotherms (a) and differential heats of adsorption (Qd) of water vapor by NaA and NaA(NaBO2) zeolites were measured at 303 K. The heats of adsorption are stepwise and each step corresponds to the stoichiometric formation of adsorption complexes of H2O molecules with Na+ or H+ ions, (H2O)n/Na+ or H+, (n = 1-4), which are located on the SIII, SII and SI crystallographic positions of NaA and NaA(NaBO2). Hydration mechanism of NaA and NaA(NaBO2) are complex and at saturation, the zeolites are occupied by the next water zeolitic host/guest systems: NaA – 2.2[(H2O)4/Na+III+H+], 3[(H2O)2/Na+II] and 6.6[(H2O)2/Na+I]; NaA(NaBO2) - 2[(H2O)4/Na+III], 3[(H2O)4/Na+II] and 6.86[(H2O)/Na+I]. The complete hydration of the α- and β cages of NaA amounts thus to 21,8 and 6,2 respectively H2O/u.c. and α-cage of NaA(NaBO2) – 26,3 H2O/u.c. The mean molar integral adsorption entropy of water is ~-30,5 J/mol K less than the entropy of the bulk liquid. This value nearly the same as entropy of crystalline water so the mobility of water in the zeolitic matrix is solidlike.
Magali Deleuil : « L’astrophysique, une passion depuis toujours ! »
Authors: Escoffier Stéphanie , Morin Sandrine
Published: October 2023

Magali Deleuil est professeure des universités au Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Marseille (LAM/CNRS). Elle a été responsable scientifique du programme de la mission spatiale CoRoT, qui a permis la découverte de la première planète rocheuse en transit autour d’une étoile semblable au Soleil.

Aujourd’hui, elle est responsable pour la France de la mission européenne CHEOPS, lancée en 2019, qui vise à déterminer les propriétés des populations des petites exoplanètes, proches de leur étoile. Pour la future mission spatiale PLATO, elle est membre du Conseil scientifique de l’Agence spatiale européenne (ESA). Par ailleurs, Magali Deleuil est membre sénior de l’Institut universitaire de France depuis 2016.

Elle vient de recevoir le prix CNES-Astrophysique et sciences spatiales 2023 de l’Académie des sciences.
Horse allergy: Curly Horses can mediate immune tolerance
Authors: Mitlehner Alexandra , Mitlehner Caspar , Reißmann Monika , Stoll Peter , Swoboda Ines , Mitlehner Wolfgang
Published: October 2023

American Bashkir Curly Horses are claimed to be hypoallergenic, but this has not been clinically proven. In the present study, the effect of exposure to Curly Horses was investigated in 141 patients allergic to horses by measuring their lung function and nasal patency during Curly Horse contact. Continuous contact with Curly Horses, including riding and brushing, decreased the allergic ridersʼ reactivity as measured by FEV1, PEF, and PNIF. Subsequent visits (up to 40 or more hours of riding) further reduced reactivity to the Curly Horses. Allergic events to horses occurred only in 72 out of 1312 riding hours, mainly in the first ten riding hours.

In 41 out of the 141 patients, it was further investigated whether repeated exposure to Curly Horses could induce tolerance to other horses. Patients in the tolerance induction study were tested annually for horse allergy using a nasal provocation test. The tolerance induction study showed that exposure to Curly Horses induced immune tolerance to other horses in 88% of patients who completed the study.

To understand the mechanism causing hypoallergenicity, we performed IgE immunoblots to determine whether Curly Horse hairs contain IgE binding proteins. However, no differences in IgE reactivity were found between Curly and non-Curly Horses. Moreover, the immune tolerance induction study patients did not show decreased IgE reactivity to hairs from Curly or non-Curly Horses even though patients had developed tolerance. However, we did find increasing levels of anti-horse IgG antibodies in the study patients.

Overall, our data strongly suggests that continuous exposure to Curly Horses can induce immune tolerance, rendering these patients non-reactive to horses. The reason for the reduced clinical allergenicity of Curly Horses remains unclear, but the data suggest that blocking IgG antibodies may be of importance for immune tolerance development.
Pathologie der Nierentransplantatabstoßung
Authors: Büttner-Herold Maike , Velden Joachim , Amann Kerstin
Published: October 2023

Die Abstoßungsdiagnostik an Biopsien der Transplantatnieren erfolgt unter Anwendung der Banff-Klassifikation, die auf eine lange Historie von Anpassungen an den Stand der aktuellen Kenntnis zurückblickt. Die neueste Banff-Klassifikation stammt aus dem Jahr 2019 1. Neben den einzelnen Abstoßungskategorien werden morphologische Parameter, die zur Diagnose einer Rejektion herangezogen werden sollen, semiquantitativ definiert, und es wird empfohlen die einzelnen Parameter als Liste oder Tabelle im Befundbericht neben der Kategorie anzugeben. Bei der Bewertung der Befunde ist es wichtig, diese im Kontext anderer Nierenveränderungen und der klinischen Befunde der Patienten sowie der Erfahrungswerte der Pathologen zu interpretieren. Diese Herangehensweise hat sicherlich ihre Limitationen, u. a. was die Reproduzierbarkeit der morphologischen Parameter angeht und was die Dichotomisierung in antikörpervermittelte Abstoßung (ABMR: „antibody mediated rejection“) und T-Zell-vermittelte Prozesse (TCMR: „T-cell mediated rejection“) angeht, gibt jedoch medizinischem Personal, das in die Betreuung nierentransplantierter Patienten involviert ist, eine gemeinsame Basis und Sprache an die Hand. Über die Jahre hat sich die Banff-Klassifikation Schritt für Schritt aus einer Expertenmeinung in eine evidenzbasierte Klassifikation weiterentwickelt.
Tapirira guianensis is Selectively Cytotoxic, Induces Apoptosis to the Glioblastoma and Decreases Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in vivo
Authors: Oliveira Ana Gabriela Silva , Rocha Marina Andrade , de Azevedo Lucas Santos , Coelho Aline Thaynara de Moura , Chagas Rafael César Russo , Santos Hélio Batista , Thomé Ralph Gruppi , Samuel Peter , Wolfram Evelyn , Kim Bonglee , Reis Rui Manuel , Ribeiro Rosy Iara Maciel Azambuja
Published: October 2023

Glioblastoma is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor without effective treatment, which makes this work extremely relevant. The study of the bioactive compounds from medicinal
plants plays an important role in the discovery of new drugs.

This research investigated the constituents of Tapirira guianensis and its antitumor potential (in vitro and in vivo) in glioblastoma. The T. guianensis extracts
were characterized by mass spectrometry. The ethyl acetate partition (01ID) and its fractions 01ID-F2 and 01ID-F4 from T. guianensis showed potential antitumor treatment evidenced by
selective cytotoxicity for GAMG with IC50 14.1 µg/mL, 83.07 µg/mL, 59.27 µg/mL and U251 with IC50 25.92 µg/mL, 37.3 µg/mL and 18.84 µg/mL. Fractions 01ID-F2 and 01ID-F4 were 10 times more
selective when compared to TMZ and 01ID for the two evaluated cell lines. T. guianensis also reduced matrix metalloproteinases 2 – 01ID-F2 (21.84%), 01ID-F4 (29.6%) and 9 – 01ID-F4
(73.42%), ID-F4 (53.84%) activities, and induced apoptosis mainly through the extrinsic pathway. Furthermore, all treatments significantly reduced tumor size (01ID p < 0,01,
01ID-F2 p < 0,01 and 01ID-F4 p < 0,0001) and caused blood vessels to shrink in vivo. The present findings highlight that T. guianensis exhibits considerable antitumor
potential in preclinical studies of glioblastoma. This ability may be related to the phenolic compounds and sesquiterpene derivatives identified in the extracts. This study deserves further
in vivo research, followed by clinical investigation.
A Novel, Deep Learning-Based, Automatic Photometric Analysis Software for Breast Aesthetic Scoring
Authors: Park Joseph Kyu-hyung , Baek Seungchul , Heo Chan Yeong , Jeong Jae Hoon , Myung Yujin
Published: October 2023

Background Breast aesthetics evaluation often relies on subjective assessments, leading to the need for objective, automated tools. We developed the Seoul Breast Esthetic Scoring Tool (S-BEST), a photometric analysis software that utilizes a DenseNet-264 deep learning model to automatically evaluate breast landmarks and asymmetry indices.

Methods S-BEST was trained on a dataset of frontal breast photographs annotated with 30 specific landmarks, divided into an 80–20 training–validation split. The software requires the distances of sternal notch to nipple or nipple-to-nipple as input and performs image preprocessing steps, including ratio correction and 8-bit normalization. Breast asymmetry indices and centimeter-based measurements are provided as the output. The accuracy of S-BEST was validated using a paired t-test and Bland–Altman plots, comparing its measurements to those obtained from physical examinations of 100 females diagnosed with breast cancer.

Results S-BEST demonstrated high accuracy in automatic landmark localization, with most distances showing no statistically significant difference compared with physical measurements. However, the nipple to inframammary fold distance showed a significant bias, with a coefficient of determination ranging from 0.3787 to 0.4234 for the left and right sides, respectively.

Conclusion S-BEST provides a fast, reliable, and automated approach for breast aesthetic evaluation based on 2D frontal photographs. While limited by its inability to capture volumetric attributes or multiple viewpoints, it serves as an accessible tool for both clinical and research applications.
Staged Tendon Repair to Improve Range of Motion in Tamai Zone 4 Replantation: Two Case Reports
Authors: Matsusue Takeo
Published: October 2023

Tamai zone 4 replantation, defined as the replantation at a level proximal to the flexor digitorum superficialis' insertion and distal to where the common digital artery branches into the proper digital artery, has poor functional results because making orthosis and rehabilitation protocols that protect the bone and the flexor and extensor tendons simultaneously difficult. Two cases of Tamai zone 4 replantation are presented: one case of an index finger replantation at the proximal phalanx and a case of ring finger replantation at the proximal interphalangeal joint. The author did not repair the flexor tendon intentionally in the primary replantation and performed two-stage flexor tendon reconstruction later. The total active motions (TAMs) at the last follow-up were 215 and 180 degrees, respectively, with the latter distal interphalangeal joint being an arthrodesis. Both cases had no extension lag in the proximal interphalangeal joint. These results were much better than those in previous reports, in which the mean TAM was 133 degrees or less. The good results appeared to be mainly due to the reasonable and clear postoperative rehabilitation protocols made by the proposed procedure. This procedure may be useful for obtaining reproducible functional results even in Tamai zone 4 replantation.
Polyconjugated Materials for Printed (Opto)Electronics: Introducing Sustainability
Authors: Beverina Luca , Sassi Mauro , Mattiello Sara , Fappani Alice
Published: October 2023

This account summarizes the impact that the quest for sustainability is having on the field of organic polyconjugate molecules and polymers for plastic (opto)electronics. While at the proof-of-concept level, the design criteria as well as the preferred synthetic strategies to access new and improved materials have been dominated by the need for performance. The ongoing transition from the lab environment to the industrial scale imposes strict limitations on the cost and overall environmental impact of new materials. We here summarize our efforts on the development of new design criteria and synthetic strategies aimed at improving sustainability – without compromising performance – in organic polyconjugated molecules. The article is composed of three sections: Introduction and motivation, sustainability through improved synthetic methods and through improved design.

Outline

1 Introduction and Motivation

2 Sustainable Reaction Methods

2.1 The New Tools: Reactions in Aqueous Solution of Surfactants

2.2 Intrinsically More Sustainable Reactions: Direct Arylation

2.3 Sustainable Multistep Protocols: Combining Micellar, Solventless, and Mechanochemical Methods

3 Sustainability as a Design Criterion: De Novo Design

4 Conclusion
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Indoles with Partially Hydrogenated Benzene Ring (Tetrahydroindoles)
Authors: Mamedov Vakhid A. , Zhukova Nataliya A.
Published: October 2023

In this review, a fragmentary analysis of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles was performed and, on its basis, the existing methods of their synthesis published over the past 15 years have been summarized, and analyzed, as well as, if necessary, an analysis of earlier works is carried out. The proposed reaction mechanism is considered, as well as factors that significantly influence the course of the process. Among such factors: temperature, type and content of the catalyst, promoting additives, method of the process, etc. Particular attention is paid to fundamentally new methods that make it possible to synthesize various derivatives of the mentioned heterocyclic systems from available and cheap reagents, and in some cases under environmentally benign conditions.

1 Introduction

2 Intramolecular Reactions Leading To Tetrahydroindoles

2.1 Ring Closure Reactions with N–C2 Bond Formation (a)

2.2 Ring Closure Reactions with C2–C3 Bond Formation (b)

2.3 Ring Closure Reactions with C3–C3a Bond Formation (c)

2.4 Ring Closure Reactions with C7a–N Bond Formation (e)

2.5 Ring Closure Reactions with C4–C5 Bond Formation (g)

2.6 Ring Closure Reactions with C3a–C4 Bond Formation (h)

3 Intermolecular Reactions Leading To Tetrahydroindoles

3.1 Ring Closure Reactions with N–C2 + C3–C3a Bond Formation (ac)

3.2 Ring Closure reactions with N–C2 + C7a–N Bond Formation (ae)

3.3 Ring Closure reactions with C3–C3a + C7a–N Bond formation (ce)

3.4 Ring Closure Reactions with N–C2, C3–C3a, and C7a–N Bond Formation (ace)

4 Recovery Processes (Hydrogenation) of Indoles and Oxidation of Perhydroindoles in the Synthesis of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydroindoles

5 Conclusion
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Role of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Preventing Surgical Site Infections after Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Singh Harjeet , Irrinki Santosh , Krishnamurthy Gautham , Kurdia Kailash
Published: October 2023

Background Surgical site infection (SSI) after pancreaticoduodenectomy is associated with significant morbidity, increased hospital stays, delay in adjuvant treatment, and overburden on hospital resources. There is no consensus in the management of these wounds.

Methods We performed a systematic review. We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus on March 23, 2022 for studies reporting on negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in patients operated on with pancreaticoduodenectomy. We included all studies that reported the comparative outcomes of NPWT in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. All data were extracted by two reviewers separately. The pooled odds risk of SSI was calculated using the metabin command and Mantel–Haenszel approach.

We assessed the risk of bias using Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool for cohort studies.

Results Four studies with 878 participants were included. The pooled odds ratio for SSI was lower in the NPWT group as compared with standard care (0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24–0.54; I
2 = 0). The pooled odds ratio of organ space infection was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.24–0.67; I
2 = 0) on the basis of three studies (484 participants). We did not perform any subgroup analyses because of lack of heterogeneity in the reported results and limited number of studies.

Conclusion Pancreaticoduodenectomy is associated with high risk of SSI. The use of prophylactic NPWT after pancreaticoduodenectomy is associated with decreased risk of SSI. The cost–benefit ratio of NPWT over standard care requires further comparative study.
A Study to Evaluate Prognostic Factors and Define a Critical Volume for Early Surgery in Patients with Bifrontal Brain Contusions
Authors: Kumari M Manoranjitha , Senthilkumar T.P. Jeyaselva , Ravi Yamunadevi
Published: October 2023

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate various prognostic factors and their impact on the outcome of patients with bifrontal brain contusions and to define the critical volume of bifrontal brain contusions and to advice early surgery

Materials and Methods This is a prospective study performed with 250 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai.

Observations and Results In this study, we have studied the various findings in computed tomography (CT) scan brain that haves influence over the outcome. These are: Bilateral squashing of frontal horn, Posterior shift of genu, The deformation of third ventricle, The complete obliteration of basal cisterns, 5. Development of delayed intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). All these factors are associated with worst outcome and in patients those developed delayed increase in contusion volume, the median volume of contusion at the admission time ranged from 22 to 32 mL and the mean being 27 mL, we recommend prophylactic surgery in this subset of patients to prevent them from developing rapid deterioration in Glasgow coma scale (GCS) due to delayed ICH.

Conclusion Critical volume of bilateral frontal contusion that warrants prophylactic surgical intervention irrespective of the admission GCS is 27 mL. Younger age and good admission GCS are independent predictors for better outcome. Patients with volume of contusion more than 50 mL are always associated with unfavorable outcome. Bilateral frontal horn squashing, anteroposterior shift of genu of corpus callosum, deformation of third ventricle, and obliteration of basal cisterns are CT predictors for poor outcome in bifrontal brain contusions.
Usefulness of Indian Diabetes Risk Score in Predicting Treatment-Induced Hyperglycemia in Women Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Prasad Krishna , Hegde Sanath , Rao Suresh , D'souza Rhea Katherine , George Thomas , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath , Suresh Sucharitha
Published: October 2023

In the curative treatment of cancer with adjuvant chemotherapy, antineoplastic drugs, along with glucocorticoids, can induce hyperglycemia. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in predicting treatment-induced hyperglycemia in women who were nondiabetic and normoglycemic at the start of chemotherapy. This prospective study was conducted with nondiabetic women who required adjuvant chemotherapy. Participants voluntarily completed the IDRS, providing information on age, waist circumference, family history of diabetes, and physical activity. Chemotherapy-induced hyperglycemia was defined as fasting blood glucose levels ≥100 mg/dL or random blood glucose levels ≥140 mg/dL during treatment. Data were categorized into women who developed hyperglycemia and those who remained normoglycemic during treatment and were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to validate the IDRS for predicting hyperglycemia. A total of 208 women met the inclusion criteria and participated in the study. The results revealed that 38.93% (81/208) developed hyperglycemia by the end of chemotherapy, as observed during their first follow-up after treatment. Fisher's exact test demonstrated a significant difference in the total IDRS score and its domains, including family history, physical activity, and waist circumference (p = 0.017–< 0.001), but not age. ROC analysis indicated that an IDRS score above 60 increased the likelihood of developing hyperglycemia, with a sensitivity of 81.3%, specificity of 54.7%, and an area under the curve of 0.727. These findings suggest that the IDRS is a sensitive tool for predicting adjuvant chemotherapy-induced hyperglycemia in breast cancer patients without diabetes. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the utility of the IDRS in predicting treatment-induced hyperglycemia in women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Ongoing efforts are focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms and strategies for mitigation.
Trends (2020–2022) toward Reduced Prevalence of Postcoronavirus Disease Syndrome and Improved Quality of Life for Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Severe Infection and Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Bozzani Antonio , Arici Vittorio , Tavazzi Guido , Ragni Franco , Mojoli Francesco , Cavallini Elena , Vugt Floris van , Cutti Sara , Figini Silvia , Venturi Alessandro , Sterpetti Antonio V. , Arbustini Eloisa
Published: October 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic seems to be at its end. During the first outbreak, alfa was the dominant variant, and in the two following years, delta was the dominant variant. Questions remain about the prevalence and severity of post-COVID syndrome (PCS). We compared the medium-term outcomes of a selected group of patients considered at high risk for PCS: hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 infection who presented clinical evidence of the acute onset of venous thromboembolism. Weighted Cox regression was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios for the risk of early and medium-term complications and quality of life (QoL) in COVID-19 patients developing acute venous thrombo-embolism according to the period of admission to the hospital. The primary outcome was the modification of QoL at a median follow-up of 24 months in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The secondary outcome was the modification of QoL related to COVID-19 severity. The absolute risk of mortality for hospitalized COVID-19 patients was higher during the first outbreak (risk difference, 19% [95% confidence interval [CI], 16–22%]). Patients with acute onset of thromboembolism during the first outbreak had increased mortality, hospital stay, and need for intensive care unit treatment (p < 0.01). In patients who suffered from severe COVID-19 infection and thromboembolism in the following 2 years, symptoms during follow-up were less common and milder (risk difference 45% [95% CI, 40–52%]. In total, 19 patients were alive at 24 months follow-up: 12 patients (63%) reported important physical symptoms and 10 patients (52%) relevant emotional/mental symptoms. All patients reported reduced QoL in comparison with the preinfection time; in 15 patients (79%), the reduced QoL limited significantly their social and work activities. All patients reported permanent worsening of QoL after discharge from the hospital. Comparing the three different February to April interval years (2020, 2021, and 2022), patients reported a somewhat worse perception of health condition in comparison with the preinfection time, respectively, in 100, 79, and 56% respectively. The findings of our study show reduced prevalence and severity of PCS in the last 2 years. Less virulent variants, herd immunity, and vaccination may played a significant role.
The Diagnostic Role of Lung Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Boccatonda Andrea , Andreetto Lorenzo , Vicari Susanna , Campello Elena , Simioni Paolo , Ageno Walter
Published: October 2023

The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) relies essentially on a probabilistic approach that requires careful clinical assessments, targeted laboratory tests, and the use of appropriate imaging tools. Nowadays, the diagnostic gold standard is computed tomographic pulmonary angiography. Lung ultrasound (LUS) can play a role in the diagnosis of PE mainly by allowing the visualization of peripheral lung infarctions. Hypoechoic, pleural-based parenchymal consolidation is the most typical and common finding of pulmonary infarction. More than 85% of infarct lesions are wedge-shaped, extending to the pleural surface and are localized to where the patient complains of pleuritic chest pain. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be performed in addition to basic ultrasound examination to ascertain nonvascularization of the consolidation, thus confirming that the lesion is an infarct. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the latest evidence on the application of LUS to the diagnosis of PE, focusing purely on thoracic/lung signs.
Examining the impact of the number of sources on students’ writing performance and self-efficacy beliefs
Authors: Allagui Besma
Published: October 2023

Source-based writing is a commonly required task in many academic settings. However, understanding the effect of important task-related characteristics on the students’ writing performance and self-efficacy beliefs remains underexplored. This study used a between-subject design to examine the impact of the number of sources on students’ writing performance and self-efficacy beliefs. A total of 57 students were tested and assigned randomly into two conditions. One group wrote an opinion essay based on information contained in a single source and the other group was requested to complete the same task while being exposed to the same information contained in four sources. Participants in both groups were surveyed on their self-efficacy beliefs before the start and after completion of the task to further determine the effect of each task on their writing confidence. Results showed that the number of texts used as the basis of writing does not in itself necessarily enhance student writing and source use skills, but may help generate more ideas and build up confidence in writing from multiple sources.