bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Walking the Tightrope: Coopetition Capability Construct and Its Role in Value Creation
Authors: Rai Rajnish , Gnyawali Devi R. , Bhatt Himanshu
Published: June 2022

Prior research emphasizes the paradoxical nature of coopetition and the need for specialized capabilities—coopetition capability—to deal effectively with opportunities and challenges stemming from the simultaneous pursuit of cooperation and competition and to create superior value. However, we know little about the underlying conceptual properties of coopetition capability (construct clarity) and lack a reliable and valid scale to measure it (construct validity). We conduct a study in three phases to address this critical gap. First, building on paradox literature, we conceptualize coopetition capability as a multidimensional construct reflected by three underlying dimensions: coopetition mindset, analytical acumen, and executional skills. Second, we develop a 15-item psychometrically valid scale using a sample of 647 coopetitive alliances in high-technology sectors. Finally, using a matched sample of 536 coopetitive alliances, we extend the focal construct's nomological network by examining two relationships: coopetition experience's impact on coopetition capability and the effect of coopetition capability on the relationship between the coopetition paradox and value creation. Overall, our paper lays a foundation for deeper theory development and empirical research on coopetition by providing much-needed construct clarity and psychometrically valid measures for coopetition capability.
The effects of three different types of macronutrient feedings on golf performance and levels of fatigue and alertness
Authors: Thompsett Daniel J. , Vento Kaila A , Der Ananian Cheryl , Hondula David , Wardenaar Floris C
Published: June 2022

Background: No study has evaluated the effect of macronutrient feedings on golf performance. Aim: Determine the effect of feedings during simulated golf game using a randomized cross-over study design. Methods: Male participants (n = 6, USGA handicap index 8.5 ± 6.72) played three standardized nine-hole rounds, consuming 30 g of carbohydrate, 15 g + 15 g protein and carbohydrate, or a zero-calorie control. Measurements of driving, chipping, and putting distance and accuracy were taken, as well as perceived levels of fatigue and alertness. Results: No relevant differences ( P > 0.05) were seen in golf performance or alertness, but self-reported fatigue differed between conditions ( P  = 0.02), with scores of 2.5 (0.8 to 3.6) for the combination of carbohydrate and protein, 3.0 (1.5 to 4.3) for carbohydrate, and 4.0 (2.9 to 6.5) for the control, with higher levels indicating more fatigue. Conclusion: Macronutrient feedings led to a significantly lower level of self-reported fatigue without affecting golf performance and alertness compared to a control.
Redefining the Koizumi model of mouse cerebral ischemia: A comparative longitudinal study of cerebral and retinal ischemia in the Koizumi and Longa middle cerebral artery occlusion models
Authors: Justić Helena , Barić Anja , Šimunić Iva , Radmilović Marin , Ister Rok , Škokić Siniša , Dobrivojević Radmilović Marina
Published: June 2022

Cerebral and retinal ischemia share similar pathogenesis and epidemiology, each carrying both acute and prolonged risk of the other and often co-occurring. The most used preclinical stroke models, the Koizumi and Longa middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) methods, have reported retinal damage with great variability, leaving the disruption of retinal blood supply via MCAO poorly investigated, even providing conflicting assumptions on the origin of the ophthalmic artery in rodents. The aim of our study was to use longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance assessment of cerebral and retinal vascular perfusion after the ischemic injury to clarify whether and how the Koizumi and Longa methods induce retinal ischemia and how they differ in terms of cerebral and retinal lesion evolution. We provided anatomical evidence of the origin of the ophthalmic artery in mice from the pterygopalatine artery. Following the Koizumi surgery, retinal responses to ischemia overlapped with those in the brain, resulting in permanent damage. In contrast, the Longa method produced only extensive cerebral lesions, with greater tissue loss than in the Koizumi method. Additionally, our data suggests the Koizumi method should be redefined as a model of ischemia with chronic hypoperfusion rather than of ischemia and reperfusion.
Clinical Outcomes of Arthroscopic Bony Bankart Repair for Anterior Instability of the Shoulder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Aaron Z. , Greaves Kaylre M. , deMeireles Alirio J. , Fortney Thomas A. , Saltzman Bryan M. , Trofa David P.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Individual studies reporting the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic bony Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability have reported excellent results but have been limited by their small sample sizes. No systematic review of the literature has been performed examining the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic bony Bankart repair.

Purpose:

To provide a systematic review of the literature to examine the functional outcomes, recurrence rate, and return to sports rate after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair for anterior instability of the shoulder.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic review of the literature based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines was conducted using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Ovid/Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies that examined clinical outcomes after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability were included. Data pertaining to study characteristics and design, patient demographic characteristics, and clinical results, including functional outcomes, recurrence rate, and return to sports, were collected. The results from the studies were pooled, and weighted means and overall rates were calculated.

Results:

In total, 21 studies with 769 patients were included for analysis. Most patients were male (91.7%), the mean age was 26.7 years (range, 12-71 years), and the mean follow-up was 42.7 months (range, 6-120 months). The most commonly reported functional outcome score was the Rowe score (12 studies), which improved on average from 41.9 preoperatively to 90.8 postoperatively. The rate of recurrent instability was reported by all 21 studies, and the overall recurrence rate was 11.9% (88/738). Return to sports after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair was reported by 11 studies, with a pooled return to sports rate of 91.0% (264/290).

Conclusion:

Arthroscopic bony Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability resulted in improvements in functional outcomes, a low rate of recurrent instability, and a high rate of return to sports. Although these findings are extremely promising, future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further evaluate the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic bony Bankart repair.
Still edible wasted food from households: A regional Italian case study
Authors: Boccarossa Massimiliano , Cespi Daniele , Vassura Ivano , Passarini Fabrizio
Published: June 2022

A 2-year monitoring campaign was carried out within the Marche Region (Italy) to quantify the potential still edible wasted food (seFW) within the sorted (seFWsorted) and unsorted (seFWunsorted) waste streams. Results were elaborated to estimate the distribution of seFW among the five provinces and the amount per capita. Results in terms of total quantities per inhabitants (seFWindex per capita) depict an important variability between districts but almost constant in years (26–38 kg/inhabitants in 2018 and 26–36 kg/inhabitants in 2019). Scores in Marche were then used to study the national situation, adopting the same percentage factors. Analysis was performed on 2019 data. Gradual colour shade was used to identify the Regions with greater seFW production potential. Worst scores are achieved by Lazio, Lombardia and Sicilia (red), followed by others classified as orange and yellow. More than 1.5 Mt potential seFW was estimated at national level, 29% of which is due to the unsorted fraction. Results at national level were used to assess the potential environmental impact related to seFW in terms of climate change. Carbon footprint indicator was quantified per capita (69 kg equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2e)/inhabitant/year in the case of Marche) and overall (3.5 MtCO2e). In addition, an evaluation of the potential economic implications related to the greenhouse gases emitted was made using the Social Cost of Carbon. Results showed that cost of the tCO2e global damage related to seFW in Italy ranges from 35 to 700 M$.
Design and Development of a Scaffolding-Based Mindtool for Gamified Learning Classrooms
Authors: Chen Yu-Chi , Hou Huei-Tse , Wu Chang-Hsin
Published: June 2022

A scaffolding-based mind tool was designed to allow teachers to easily create lesson plans for in-class gamified activities and to embed various scaffoldings in the lesson plan design. The purpose of this study was to investigate the learning outcomes of a scaffolding-based mind tool integrated with gamified learning activities applied to a science course. The study was conducted to investigate students' learning outcomes, flow, and qualitative feedback on the scaffolding-based mind tool. A total of 134 high school students participated in the experiment. The results showed that the gamified activity with the scaffolding-based mindtool significantly improved students' learning effectiveness, but the learning effectiveness did not differ significantly from that of the students in the lecture-based instruction. In addition, the study found that the learners' flow was high, the students were engaged in the activity. The qualitative feedback analysis also revealed high positive evaluations of the usefulness of the gamified activity, mind tool, and scaffolds. In addition, students with low prior knowledge or low learning effectiveness had significantly higher active engagement in flow than those with high prior knowledge/learning effectiveness.
Meanings of Loneliness for Women Using Social Services in Spain: An Intersectional Analysis
Authors: Arnoso Ainara , Arnoso Maitane , Elgorriaga Edurne , Asla Nagore , Aiertza Miren , Bengoetxea Ane , Pizarro Maribel
Published: June 2022

Loneliness and social isolation are widely recognized problems facing society. Women in situations of economic and social vulnerability are particularly impacted by loneliness. Yet, we know less about the intersectional dimensions of women’s experiences. The study, carried out in Basque Country (Spain) used phenomenological interviews and non-random sampling ( N = 8) to explore the subjective experiences of loneliness among women clients at community social services using an intersectional approach as an analytical strategy. Intersectionality theory provides insight into how different forms of marginalization intersect to shape the experiences of loneliness of women with high social disadvantages. Among other aspects, the study explores the intersection of loneliness with different variables such as gender, socio-economic and residential inequality, migratory status, as well as physical or mental health problems. The results yielded four themes associated with the loneliness of women, with an interweaving of gender in different axes of exclusion: loneliness and unfulfilled need for meaningful relationships; vulnerability to situations of violence suffered during life; social and economic inequality and responsibility for care; and multiple stigma and discrimination. From a practical perspective, this study identifies policy implications that can be used by social workers to understand and mitigate women’s loneliness in community social services.
Active Design: Architectural Interventions for Improving Occupational Health Through Reducing Sedentary Behavior - A Systematic Review
Authors: Mustafa Faris Ali , Ali Janan Sabah
Published: June 2022

Objectives

To systematically review architects' literature concerning stair promoting design interventions for reducing sedentary behavior and improving occupational health.

Data Sources

English language, manuscripts published between 2000 and 2022 in Google scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, CINAHL, and ERIC.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

The criteria for inclusion in this review include; Presence of two words from the searching term in the title, a study conducted by an architect (or at least one architect author), English language, published after 2000, investigate built environment and design features that influence stair use in the building.

Data Extraction

The data extraction process included; Author (year), country, study design, type of buildings, the population of the study, duration of the study, measured variables (dependent and independent), measurement tool, analysis and outcomes.

Data Synthesis

Extracted data were synthesized in a tabular format and analytical figures with narratives summary.

Result

Nine features of the built environment that affect stair use determined from the literature; safety, motivations, appeal and comfort, and legibility were the most common features in the studies, followed by connectivity, building codes, and elevator programming. The good quality of mentioned features positively affects stair use level and vice versa. However, the review also reports a shortage of architects in both practice and research concerning active stair design.

Conclusion

Stair use is of great importance in increasing physical activity and improving occupational health in the workplace. Architects and designers should pay special attention to the design of staircases and encourage their everyday use by considering the largest number of features that encourage stair use.
Terminating a Wanted Pregnancy: A Feminist, Analytic Autoethnographic Account
Authors: Guy Batsheva
Published: June 2022

With screening for fetal anomaly becoming more common, more families are faced with making decisions based on receiving fetal anomaly diagnoses after the first trimester. After receiving a diagnosis of fetal anomaly, which is typically associated with shock and denial, pregnant people and couples immediately become faced with a difficult decision of either continuing or terminating the pregnancy. Once a pregnancy termination decision has been made, following abortion of a wanted pregnancy, feelings of grief and sadness are common. While research has been done on the impact of decision-making and mental health diagnoses pre- and post-terminating a wanted pregnancy, there has been little research detailing effective coping strategies for dealing with these unexpected and devastating circumstances. The current study is a feminist analytic autoethnography, which details the experience of my own abortion through a reflexive account. I aim to explore my own methods of coping that were successful as I overcame grief, guilt, and anxiety after terminating my wanted pregnancy due to a fetal anomaly.
Open-hole tensile properties of 3D-printed continuous carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic laminates: Experimental study and multiscale analysis
Authors: Hoshikawa Yamato , Shirasu Keiichi , Yamamoto Kohei , Hirata Yasuhisa , Higuchi Ryo , Okabe Tomonaga
Published: June 2022

The mechanical properties of open-hole tensile (OHT) specimens made of 3D-printed continuous carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) were investigated. The stacking sequence of the OHT specimens were [0/90]2s, and the as-printed specimens possessed higher porosity (15.19%) than conventional fiber reinforced composites. The OHT tests demonstrated that the tensile modulus and fracture strength of the as-printed specimens exhibited 36.7 ± 0.3 GPa and 226.0 ± 9.0 MPa, respectively. To evaluate the effects of voids on the OHT properties, the 3D-printed CFRTPs were hot-pressed, where fiber orientation and porosity (3.41 ± 0.10%) were improved. Additionally, the tensile modulus was increased to 45.1 ± 0.8 GPa, which is 23% higher than the as-printed specimens, even though the fracture strength were comparable or lower than that of as-printed specimens. To validate such OHT properties, a numerical multiscale model was introduced, with a microscale periodic unit cell (PUC) analysis for determining the effective tensile moduli and mesoscale extended finite element method (XFEM) analysis for OHT properties. In the PUC analysis, we considered a two-scale numerical model including a fiber-resin scale with fiber orientation for effective tensile moduli of a CFRTP filament, and filament-void scale for those of a CFRTP laminate. The porosity and fiber orientation were measured by X-ray computed tomography and digital microscopy observations, and the porosity for the 0° specimen were 14.86%. By substituting the effective tensile moduli of the filament-void scale and those of the fiber-resin scale into the XFEM, respectively, the stress-strain responses of the computational OHT models were found to be in good agreement with those of the experimental results of as-printed and hot-pressed CFRTP, respectively. Both the OHT models showed that the Weibull criterion was satisfied without significant delamination at the failure strain, corresponding to the brittle failure mode due to fiber breakage, which agreed reasonably well with the experimental observations.
Olfaction in (Social) Context: The Role of Social Complexity in Trajectories of Older Adults’ Olfactory Abilities
Authors: Goldman Alyssa W.
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Olfaction is an important correlate of later-life health, including cognition and mortality risk. Environmental enrichment protects against olfactory decline, yet little research considers the social context as a source of sensory enrichment or stimulation. This study examines how exposure to social complexity (i.e., diversity or novelty in social networks and activities) shapes later-life olfaction. Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal ordered logit models analyze data from 1,447 older adults interviewed at Rounds 1 and 2 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Results: Exposure to greater social complexity (larger social networks, greater network diversity) is associated with significantly better olfaction at baseline. Increases in network diversity and fewer network losses significantly protect against olfactory decline over time. Discussion: Findings highlight the social context as an important, yet relatively overlooked source of sensory enrichment, and underscore the need for biological applications to integrate social life dynamics into studies of health trajectories.
Mute Demons, Silent Grace
Authors: Batho David
Published: June 2022

How are we to explain the sort of evil exemplified by Shakespeare's Richard III? Some authors argue that we can only understand this sort of evil as undertaken for its own sake and, in this sense, as ‘diabolical’. Michelle Kosch has argued that Kierkegaard is such an author. In this article I have two aims. My first is to argue that Kierkegaard's analysis of what he calls ‘demonic evil’ offers a psychologically nuanced and compelling account of a distinctive quality of evil without ever abandoning the idea that action is always performed under the guise of the good. My second aim is to connect Kierkegaard's psychological analysis with his broader ethico-religious concerns and, in this way, to do justice to the unity of his ethico-religious psychology as anatomical, diagnostic and therapeutic. To this end, in the second half of this article I aim to show how Kierkegaard's psychology of the demonic is the basis for his valuation of silence as an ethico-religious ideal.
A comparative study on the effect of grid printing methods and camera hardware in automatic strain measurement through CGA
Authors: Wankhede Pankaj , Mahesh K , Kurra Suresh , Priyadarshini Amrita , Kotkunde Nitin
Published: June 2022

Strain analysis is an important step in sheet metal forming operations to identify the potential locations of failure. Circle grid analysis is a widely used method to evaluate the strains in sheet metal forming, where deformed circles on a formed component are measured to evaluate the strains at different locations. In this paper, two different USB cameras are used to capture the images of the deformed grids. The images are processed using the in-house software developed in MATLAB for strain measurement. The effect of image acquisition hardware and grid printing methods on strain measurement accuracy has been analyzed. For this, the sheets are printed with circular grids by screen printing, laser engraving, and electrochemical etching. The sheets are then deformed in incremental forming to produce different levels of strain in the formed components. The deformed grids on the formed components are captured using proposed USB cameras with appropriate attachments and processed by in-house strain measurement software. The strain measured using proposed hardware and software is also compared with the commercial strain measurement system. The mean absolute percentage error in strain measurement with the proposed USB cameras was found to be 0.671 and 0.761. The statistical results show that there is no evidence to support the hypothesis that the two hardware perform differently on average. Hence, the proposed hardware and software can be used in industry and research laboratories for strain analysis in sheet metal forming operations.
Creating a decarbonized economy: Decoupling effects and driving factors of CO2 emission of 28 industries in China
Authors: Luo Gangfei , Baležentis Tomas , Zeng Shouzhen , Pan JiaShun
Published: June 2022

Identifying the carbon emission characteristics, driving factors, and decoupling status of the industrial subsectors is important for developing effective policy measures. This allows for implementing industrial emission reduction that, eventually, decouple carbon emission and economic growth. Such an analysis is especially important for the case of China on its way towards sustainable development and increasing global interrelationships. However, the literature still lacks comprehensive analysis, especially, at the industry level. This study uses the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index and decoupling indicator to analyze how different factors contribute to CO2 emissions in 28 industries in China during 2002–2017. The results reveal that the growth of industrial CO2 emissions has been positive but decreasing. The highest CO2 emission change is observed for production and supply of electric and heat power, processing of petroleum, coking, and nuclear fuel, and smelting and pressing of metals. These sectors also show high carbon intensity levels. The economic output (scale) effect and population effect comprise the two major factors promoting the CO2 emission. The energy intensity effect is the key inhibiting factor of the industrial energy-related CO2 emission in China. The suppressive effects of energy and industrial structure have been continuously increasing. The economic growth and CO2 emission has been gradually decoupling in the case of the 28 sectors analyzed. Manufacture of cloths, leather, fur, feather, and related products as well as production and supply of gas exhibit a relatively stable strong decoupling. Based on the decoupling analysis, this study shows that energy intensity has induced the decoupling, whereas the opposite effect has occurred due to economic growth, and the other factors showed little effect on CO2 emission decoupling.
Potential applications of granite waste powder as an add-value polymer composite product
Authors: Tawfik Magda E , Eskander Samir B , Ahmed Nivin M
Published: June 2022

The objective of the present study is to formulate added value polymer granite composite (PGC) based on granite (G) waste scraps as filler and unsaturated polyester (UP) obtained from chemically recycled post-consumed poly (ethyleneterephthalate) wastes (PET) as a matrix to be used in different candidate applications. Both wastes were collected from local dumping sites. Factors affecting the properties of the acquired PGC products e.g. polymer constitutions, granite/styrenated polyester ratios were studied systematically. The reached polymer granite composite has many advantages e.g. low density, very small water absorption percentage, short curing and hardening time, acceptable compressive strength values and significant thermal stability. Moreover, the environmental reward due to the utilisation of accumulation of the two problematic solid wastes is certainly a gain.
Comparison with first round findings of faecal haemoglobin concentrations and clinical outcomes in the second round of a biennial faecal immunochemical test based colorectal cancer screening programme
Authors: Clark Gavin RC , Fraser Callum G , Strachan Judith A , Steele Robert JC
Published: June 2022

Objective

How faecal haemoglobin concentrations (f-Hb) vary from one round to the next in a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme, and relate to colonoscopy findings, are unknown. Our aim was to use data from the first two rounds of the faecal immunochemical test (FIT) based Scottish Bowel Screening Programme (SBoSP) to explore these issues.

Methods

Faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) percentiles in the second round were compared with those in the first when the first round yielded a negative FIT result (<80 µg Hb/g faeces), a positive FIT but no colonoscopy, CRC, all adenoma, and a negative colonoscopy. In addition, the outcomes in the first and second rounds were compared.

Results

The profiles of f-Hb in the first and second rounds differed in (a) those who had had a negative FIT result in the first round and (b) those in whom neoplastic pathology had been found. In contrast, the pattern of difference between profiles in those who had had a negative colonoscopy was very similar to that in those in whom an adenoma had been found. In addition, the risk of CRC being diagnosed in the second round after a negative colonoscopy in the first was 3.0%, not very different to that after a negative test result (4.9%).

Conclusions

Adenomas may be rarely the cause of a positive FIT result. An alternative explanation as to why these are detected using FIT is required. In addition, a negative colonoscopy for a positive FIT result does not rule out the finding of significant neoplastic pathology in the next round.
When is a sentence manifestly excessive?
Authors: McGorrery Paul , Weatherson Matthew
Published: June 2022

The most common basis for sentence appeals in Victoria is that the original sentence, or some part of it, was manifestly excessive. To date, no empirical research has been undertaken examining the bounds of manifest excess. When is a sentence not just excessive, but manifestly so? This article fills that gap by examining 100 successful manifest excess sentence appeals between 2014 and 2020, finding that the minimum reduction in a manifestly excessive sentence is about 10 per cent, but that even then, such small reductions are rare and usually in the context of sentences of four years or more.
Counter-Narratives of Structural Oppressions, Stigma and Resistance, and Reproductive and Sexual Health Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Henriques Emilia , Schmidt Catherine , Pascoe Rachael , Liss Kira , Begun Stephanie
Published: June 2022

Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) face myriad injustices regarding their reproductive and sexual health and rights. Reproductive and sexual health research with YEH often explores condom-use and sexually transmitted infections, potentially contributing to narrow conceptualizations of YEH as “unclean” or in need of disease-screening. A narrative theory perspective was applied to this study, which allowed for the emergence of alternative storylines, or counter-narratives, which attend to manifestations of power and oppression within the lives of marginalized individuals. Qualitative interviews engaged 30 young people (ages 18–21) accessing shelter services. Narrative analyses identified YEHs’ documentations of dominant narratives related to structural oppressions, stigma, and numerous dimensions of reproductive and sexual health including how they create, through their resistance, counter-narratives that include their preferred futures. YEH emphasized systemic sources of stigma and outlined their criticisms of the state. Within-group stigma emerged as a noteworthy theme, with YEH showing both empathy and ambivalence towards other YEH, along with internalization of stigmatizing narratives about pregnancy and homelessness. Approaches to service provision that further amplify youths’ voices in naming and challenging the many oppressions and stigmas they face should be prioritized. Moreover, policies should be implemented to dismantle the actual root causes of challenges faced by YEH, rather than perpetuating them through measures rooted in interlocking oppressions of discrimination, inequity, and judgment.
Compassionate Discourses: A Qualitative Study Exploring How Compassion Can Transform Healthcare for 2SLGBTQ+ People
Authors: Joy Phillip , Thomas Andrew , Aston Megan
Published: June 2022

Compassion can be seen as a necessary, but often lacking, concept and practice in healthcare. Due to the cis-heteronormative nature of societies, people who identify as Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (2SLGBTQ+) often experience health disparities and disparities in accessing compassionate healthcare. We aimed to explore the meanings of compassion in healthcare for Canadian 2SLGBTQ+ people. Using a poststructuralist framework, 20 self-identifying 2SLGBTQ+ participants were interviewed. Data was analyzed through discourse analysis. Three main discursive considerations are discussed, including (1) meanings and expectations of compassion in healthcare, (2) compassionate healthcare is not guaranteed, and (3) prescription for care: self-compassion for healing and health. The results provide insights into how compassionate healthcare is framed for 2SLGBTQ+ participants and how compassion is often lacking for them due to discourses of cis-heteronormativity and healthism.
Success in Emergency Treatment of Neonatal Giant Teratoma with Cleft Palate: A Case Report
Authors: Ge Shengyou , Wang Ning , Shang Wei , Feng Yuanyong
Published: June 2022

Neonatal teratoma, a common congenital malformation, rarely occurs in the head and neck region, especially not within the oral cavity. This report presents a case of neonatal giant teratoma in the oral cavity and oropharynx along with cleft palate, which caused postnatal airway obstruction and respiratory distress and required postnatal resection in a female newborn. After the delivery and routine neonatal examination, the anesthesiologist conducted orotracheal intubation to establish the airway, and tumor resection was immediately done under local anesthesia. The optimal treatment of neonatal teratoma is exclusive emergent surgery. Immediate postnatal resection is necessary to prevent airway obstruction.
What We Know and Don’t Know About Consumer Happiness: Three-Decade Review, Synthesis, and Research Propositions
Authors: Dhiman Neeraj , Kumar Ajay
Published: June 2022

The recent rise of consumer happiness research in marketing literature is noticeable. This article presents a systematic review of consumer happiness research from 1991 to 2020. From an initial pool of 600 articles on consumer happiness from 158 marketing journals in the ABS and ABDC lists, 71 articles were selected. The procedure was as follows: (1) search of articles, (2) quality assessment, (3) extraction of data from articles, and (4) thematic synthesis. The review concluded that the term “consumer happiness” does not have a standardized definition in the existing literature. However, happiness has been studied in a variety of contexts, and consumer research is one of these contexts. Further, the review concluded that consumer happiness research is largely segregated across three themes: marketing beyond satisfaction, marketing for health and mind, and digital felicity. Seven areas of future research on consumer happiness are also proposed. The authors present academic and managerial contributions with scholarly implications for the literature in the areas of consumer well-being, the role of marketing/interactive marketing, and the positive side of marketing. The authors also suggest that marketers not only seek consumers’ need fulfillment and satisfaction from their product or service consumption but also try to elicit hedonic associations with their products or services.
Radioiodine treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats: results of 165 cats treated by an individualised dosing algorithm in Spain
Authors: Xifra Pilar , Serrano Sara I , Peterson Mark E
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Although radioiodine (131I) is the treatment of choice for feline hyperthyroidism, 131I-dosing protocols commonly induce iatrogenic hypothyroidism and expose azotaemia. A recently reported patient-specific 131I dosing algorithm minimised the risk of 131I-induced hypothyroidism and azotaemia, while maintaining high cure rates. The aim of the study was to report results of 131I treatment in a European population of hyperthyroid cats using this patient-specific dosing algorithm.

Methods

This prospective case series (before-and-after study) evaluated 165 hyperthyroid cats referred for 131I treatment. All cats had serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measured (off methimazole ⩾1 week). Thyroid volume and percentage uptake of 99mTc-pertechnetate (TcTU) were determined using thyroid scintigraphy. An initial 131I dose was calculated by averaging dose scores for T4/T3 concentrations, thyroid volume and TcTU; 70% of that composite dose was then administered. Twenty-four hours later, percentage 131I uptake was measured, and additional 131I administered as needed to deliver an adequate radiation dose to the thyroid tumour(s). Serum concentrations of T4, TSH and creatinine were determined 6–12 months later.

Results

Median calculated 131I dose was 2.15 mCi (range 1.2–7.5), with only 51 (30.9%) receiving ⩾2.5 mCi. Of 165 cats, 124 (75.2%) became euthyroid, seven (4.2%) became overtly hypothyroid, 27 (16.4%) became subclinically hypothyroid and seven (4.2%) remained hyperthyroid. A higher proportion of overtly (85.7%) and subclinically (26.9%) hypothyroid cats developed azotaemia than euthyroid cats (13.6%; P = 0.0002). Hypothyroid cats were older ( P = 0.016) and more likely to have detectable TSH concentrations ( P = 0.025) and symmetrical bilateral distribution of 99mTc-pertechnetate uptake ( P = 0.0002), whereas persistently hyperthyroid cats had higher severity scores ( P = 0.012).

Conclusions and relevance

Our results confirm that 131I dosing with this new algorithm results in high cure rates, with a lowered prevalence of 131I-induced overt hypothyroidism and azotaemia. Age, serum TSH concentrations, bilateral, symmetrical uptake and severity score help predict outcome.
Urine bacterial culture growth and association with urine sedimentation and clinical findings in cats with acute kidney injury
Authors: Siu Kenneth , Diaz Amanda , Chadwick Abigail , Keys Deborah , Shropshire Sarah , Summers Stacie C
Published: June 2022

Objectives

A urine culture is often pursued in cats with acute kidney injury (AKI) to screen for bacterial growth in the urine, but it can be cost prohibitive. The aim of the study was to determine the ability of a urinalysis and lower urinary tract signs (LUTS) to predict urine culture results in cats with AKI.

Methods

Ninety-seven cats with AKI were included in this study. This was a retrospective, observational study. Medical records from 2008 to 2018 were reviewed to identify cats with AKI that had a paired urinalysis and urine bacterial culture. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values of microscopic bacteriuria, pyuria, hematuria and the presence of LUTS for predicting urine culture results was calculated.

Results

Thirty-two percent of cats (n = 31) had a positive urine culture. Of these, 28 (90%) had bacteriuria, 21 (68%) had pyuria, 13 (42%) had hematuria and 10 (32%) had LUTS. Of the 42 cats without hematuria or pyuria, seven had a positive urine culture (17%). Bacteriuria had a high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (92%) for predicting urine culture bacterial growth. The absence of bacteriuria had a high negative predictive value for no bacterial growth (95%). The odds of a positive urine culture were increased with bacteriuria (odds ratio [OR] 114, 95% confidence interval [CI] 29–621; P <0.001), pyuria (OR 21, 95% CI 7–70; P <0.001) and LUTS (OR 5, 95% CI 1.7–16; P = 0.004). Hematuria was not associated with a positive culture (sensitivity 42%, specificity 52%).

Conclusions and relevance

Microscopic bacteriuria and pyuria on urine sediment evaluation and LUTS can be helpful for predicting bacterial culture results in cats with AKI and in settings where submitting a urine culture may not be financially feasible.
Reported Cases of Urinary Tract Infections and the Susceptibility of Uropathogens from Hospitals in Northern Ghana
Authors: Karikari Akosua B , Saba Courage KS , Yamik David Y
Published: June 2022

As global studies report varying trends in antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens, it is necessary to have current and constant information on the prevalence of urinary tract infections, the causative pathogens, and their susceptibility profiles, for effective management in specific geographical settings. This prospective cross-sectional study focused on the prevalence of urinary tract infections, etiological agents, and their antibiogram in a secondary and tertiary care hospital in Northern Ghana. Urine samples collected from 219 patients of all age groups were cultured on cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar. Pathogens were identified following standard microbiological methods, and their susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Approximately 34% of the patients had significant bacteria, but the prevalence was slightly higher ( P = .763) in the Tertiary care hospital (37.3%) than in the Secondary hospital (30.3%). Patients who were 60 years and above (27.0%) were commonly found with UTIs followed by the year group 20 to 29 years (20.3%). Although all the diagnoses had a positive relationship with urinary tract infection except Pyelonephritis, none of the underlying conditions was a significant ( P > .05) predictor of urinary tract infection, with the odds ratio indicating that patients with hyperparathyroidism and dysuria had 2.606 times more likely increased risk or predictor of urinary tract infection. Ten different pathogens were identified, but Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were frequently encountered. Gram-negative isolates generally showed more resistance. High resistance against ampicillin (100%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (88.5%), chloramphenicol (84.6%), augmentin (69.2%), ceftriaxone (69.2%), and ciprofloxacin (61.5%) were recorded. Amikacin was relatively effective against isolated pathogens. The high records of resistance among uropathogens and the occurrence of multidrug resistance (92%) reiterate the urgent call for rigorous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among infectious pathogens in Ghana.
Effect of Psyllium husk fiber and lifestyle modification on human body insulin resistance
Authors: Bacha Amjad Ali , Din Zia Ud , khan Imran
Published: June 2022

Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder that is increasing worldwide and is associated with some of the most common diseases affecting modern societies including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and coronary heart disease. Changes in diet and physical activity have a profound effect on lowering the risk and cost of managing insulin resistance compared to the pharmacological approach. An interventional study of 16 weeks explored the effect of Psyllium husk fiber in combination with lifestyle modification on insulin resistance among the centrally obese school teachers of district Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. One Hundred twenty school teachers with central obesity, aged 40-60 years, with no chronic disease history were divided into four subgroups (n = 30) with equal gender bifurcation; a control group, lifestyle modification (LSM) group, psyllium husk fiber (PSH) group, and the combined intervention of LSM & PSH group. Fasting serum was collected to analyze fasting blood glucose, and insulin resistance by using the HOMA-IR method at baseline and post-intervention. A significant effect of the intervention was observed on fasting blood glucose. The combined group of LSM&PSH showed the highest mean change of −7.5 ± 2.6 mg/dl (−9%), followed by the PSH group with a mean change of −6.3 ± 2.1 mg/dl, (−7%). Likewise a significant effect ( P < 0.05) on HOMA-IR was observed in the combined group of LSM&PSH with a mean of 1.02 ± 0.14 molar units (−58%), followed by the PSH group with a mean of 1.55 ± 0.14 molar units (−33%). The current study was carried out to assess the effect of regular consumption of Psyllium husk fiber in combination with lifestyle modification on insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose.
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Pregnant Women in Central South Africa: The NuEMI Study
Authors: Spies Hermina Catharina , Nel Mariette , Walsh Corinna May
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

The Mediterranean diet (MeD) has been shown to have significant health benefits for adults and children. A mother’s diet during pregnancy directly impacts the health of her offspring. This study aimed to investigate the adherence to the MeD of pregnant women attending antenatal care at a Regional Hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa (SA).

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 681 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic of a Regional Hospital in Bloemfontein. Socio-demographics included: age, highest level of education, household income, employment status, and income stability. Food group intake was assessed with a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The adapted Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MeDAS) consisted of 13 of the original 14 questions that measured intake of key food groups (score of ⩽7 poor, 8-9 moderate, ⩾10 good) (wine intake was excluded for pregnant women).

Results:

A total of 681 pregnant women with a median age of 31.8 years (IQR: 26.8-36.5 years) and a median gestational age of 32.0 weeks at the time of the interview participated in the study. The vast majority showed poor adherence to the MeD (99.6%), with only 0.4% (n = 3) having moderate adherence and 0% good adherence. The median adherence score was 5 points and the maximum 8 points. Of those with poor adherence, only 11.5% had tertiary education, 43.2% earned less than R 3000 (<201 USD) per month, 52.5% were unemployed, and 42.0% did not have a stable income in the past 6 months. Of the 3 participants with moderate adherence, all had grade 11 to 12 education, 2 out of the 3 earned more than R3000 (201 USD), one was unemployed, and 2 had a stable income over the past 6 months. Compared to those with an income ⩽ R3000 (⩽201 USD), those with an income above R3000 were significantly more likely to eat nuts (including peanuts) (2.0% vs 4.6%, P = .05), and adhere to sofrito (similar to tomato and onion relish) intake (9.2% vs 15.6%, P = .02). Compared to those who only had a primary education level up to grade 10 (n = 229), those who had a secondary education level or more (grade 11 and higher, n = 452) were significantly more likely to consume enough olive oil per day (1.3% vs 5.0%, P = .01), and to consume sofrito (6.6% vs 18.0%, P = .02).

Conclusion:

Pregnant participants showed poor adherence to the MeD. Although almost all women fell in the poor adherence group, secondary education contributed to consuming recommended amounts of olive oil and sofrito and higher income was associated with an adequate intake of nuts and sofrito. Based on the findings, we recommend the development of a contextualized MeDAS tool that includes foods that are typically eaten by most South Africans for similar MeD benefits.
Optimizing Patient Outcomes Through Sequential EGFR TKI Treatment in Asian Patients With EGFR Mutation-Positive NSCLC
Authors: Liu Rong , Zhou Jianying , Ling Xia
Published: June 2022

Patients from Asia with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often have mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) gene. While an increasing number of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are now available for patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, most patients inevitably develop resistance to the treatment. Evidence from clinical studies suggests that treatment outcomes and resistance mechanisms vary depending on the choice of TKI therapy in the first-line setting. Hence, it is important to develop optimal treatment sequencing strategies that can provide maximum survival benefit for the patient. In this review we present clinical evidence in Asian patients with NSCLC for various EGFR TKIs, with the goal of supporting the optimization of treatment sequencing.
Paramagnetic rim lesions are associated with pathogenic CSF profiles and worse clinical status in multiple sclerosis: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Hemond Christopher C , Baek Jonggyu , Ionete Carolina , Reich Daniel S
Published: June 2022

Background:

Paramagnetic rims have been observed as a feature of some multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions on susceptibility-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and indicate compartmentalized inflammation.

Objective:

To investigate clinical, MRI, and intrathecal (cerebrospinal fluid, CSF) associations of paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) using 3T MRI in MS.

Methods:

This is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis. All patients underwent 3T MRI using a T2*-weighted sequence with susceptibility postprocessing (susceptibility-weighted angiography (SWAN) protocol, GE). SWAN-derived filtered-phase maps and corresponding T2-FLAIR images were manually reviewed to determine PRL. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression determined demographic, clinical, MRI, and CSF associations with PRL.

Results:

A total of 147 MS patients were included; 79 of whom had available CSF. Forty-three percent had at least one PRL. PRL status (presence/absence) did not vary by sex or Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) but was associated with younger age, shorter disease duration, worse disease severity, high-efficacy therapy use, and poorer dexterity, as well as lower age-adjusted brain volumes and cognitive processing speeds. PRL status was moreover associated with blood–brain barrier disruption as determined by pathologically elevated albumin quotient. Sensitivity analyses remained supportive of these findings.

Conclusion:

PRLs, an emerging noninvasive biomarker of chronic neuroinflammation, are confirmed to be associated with greater disease severity and newly shown to be preliminarily associated with blood–brain barrier disruption.
Vacation rental market regulation and accommodation supply growth
Authors: Boto-García David , Baños-Pino José Francisco , Del Valle Eduardo , Sustacha Inés
Published: June 2022

Short-term residential vacation rentals (RVRs) have increased their popularity in recent years. Local governments have introduced different regulatory changes to control their supply growth. This paper evaluates a policy intervention in a Northern Spanish destination that has reduced the bureaucratic procedures to officially open a RVR since 2016. We compare the evolution of accommodation growth of RVRs with that of tourist apartments exploiting a panel data set of 78 municipalities between 2013 and 2019. Using difference-in-differences, we provide evidence that the easing of the administrative procedures increased the number of establishments and bed places in RVRs by 5 and 26 units, on average, per municipality.