bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between loss of cervical lordosis and the degree of cervical disc herniation
Authors: Widyasari Ni Nyoman , Martadiani Elysanti Dwi , Asih Made Widhi , Widiana I Gde Raka , Sitanggang Firman Parulian , Patriawan Putu
Published: February 2022

Background: Chronic neck pain is a common health problem and is increasingly relevant in health-related quality of life, not only in industrialized countries. The etiology of neck pain is very complex and may be associated with disc herniation, facet joints, muscles, and ligaments that cervical stability will gradually decrease and can cause damage and lead to loss of cervical lordosis. However, studies rarely report the correlation between cervical lordosis and cervical herniation in patients with neck pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of cervical lordosis curves in patients with chronic neck pain and prove the correlation between the degree of cervical disc herniation with loss of cervical lordosis.Method: This study was designed as an analytic study with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. Cervical lordosis curves are measured from mid sagittal cervical MRI while the degree of cervical disc herniation is evaluated using a herniation score. The Spearman correlation test and a simple linear regression test were performed to assess the relationship between loss of cervical lordosis and cervical herniation severity. Multivariate analysis was performed to adjust for the effect of confounding variables.Result: A total of 67 study samples, 64.2% male and 35.8% female, with an average age of 54.7 Â± 12.5. Cervical lordosis angle was found not normal (86.6%), most are in the form of hypolordosis (41.8%) and kyphosis (43.3%). The most herniation was in protrusion stage (47.8%). There was a significant correlation between the loss of the cervical lordosis and the degree of disc herniation (r -0.259, and p-value 0.034), each increase of one cervical disc herniation score affects the angle of the lordosis curve by -1.9 degrees, with a coefficient value of B = -1,914 (95% CI, p = 0.026).Â Conclusion: there is a significant correlation between loss of cervical lordosis and cervical disc herniation (p <0.05).Â
Pure prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma with elevated prostate-specific antigen level: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Rizal Agus , Mochtar Chaidir Arif , Umbas Rainy , Lucianto Stevano , Saraswati Meilania , Matondang Sahat
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is rare, representing approximately 0.4 to 0.8% of all prostate malignancies. It usually occurs in the prostatic urethra around verumontanum, its prognosis is generally considered to be worse compared to acinar adenocarcinoma.Case description: We present a 75-year-old male with PDA with an elevated PSA level. PDA histologically characterized by pseudostratified columnar cells. It is associated with aggressive behavior with an overall poor prognosis. Although normal PSA is a common finding in those with PDA, the presence of elevated PSA levels should not be used to exclude the possibility of PDA.Conclusion: PDA is a rare variant of prostate cancer which is histologically characterized by pseudostratified columnar cells. Although normal PSA is a frequent finding in those with PDA, the presence of elevated PSA should not be used to exclude the possibility of PDA.
Administration of Caffeine Cream Increased Apoptotic Cells and Decreased Phosphorylated ATR (Thr 1989) Expression in Ultraviolet B Exposed Skin Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Angriawan Florensia Orisa Ponnio , Sriwidyani Ni Putu , Dewi Ni Nyoman Ayu
Published: February 2022

Background: Chronic exposure of human skin to ultraviolet B (UVB) affects the structure and function of the skin, and causing skin aging. Caffeine is hypothesized to inhibit the skin aging process through the inhibition mechanism of the Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-Related–Checkpoint Kinase 1 (ATR-Chk1) pathway. This study aimed to prove that caffeine cream can increase the apoptotic cells and decrease the expression of phosphorylated ATR (Thr 1989) in the skin of male mice (Mus musculus) exposed to UVB.Methods: This study used a randomized post-test only control group design. The subject used in this study was 36 mice and divided into two groups. The control group was treated with emulgide cream as a placebo and the treatment group was treated with cream containing 4.8% of caffeine. Both groups were exposed to UVB at a dose of 343 mJ/cm2 for 8 weeks. Skin biopsy from the central area of the back obtained after the last session and followed by an examination of apoptotic cells of epidermis using H&E staining and phosphorylated ATR (Thr 1989) expression in epidermis using immunohistochemistry.Results: It showed that the mean number of apoptotic cells in the treatment group was higher (2.15±0.43 cells/hpf) than the control group (0.81±0.55 cells/hpf) (P<0.001). The mean phosphorylated ATR (Thr 1989) expression in the treatment group was lower (8.03±3.91%) than the control group (23.62±4.39%) (P<0.001).Conclusion: The administration of caffeine cream can increase apoptosis and decrease phosphorylated ATR (Thr 1989) expression in the UVB-exposed male mice (Mus musculus) skin epidermal cells.
Expression of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 on spermatogenesis and fertility in rat testis with diabetes mellitus: an experimental study
Authors: Maulana Pongky Alend , Ghinorawa Tanaya , Heriyanto Didik Setyo , Brodjonegoro Sakti Ronggowardhana
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide that may cause organ failure and dysfunction such as reproduction dysfunction, including infertility. Glucose metabolism is an important process in spermatogenesis. Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) play an important role in transferring glucose into cells to carry out the sperm capacitation process and maintain sperm motility. Although glucose is needed in spermatogenesis, hyperglycaemic conditions may cause detrimental effects on male fertility. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of hyperglycaemic status in rats on testicular function of spermatogenesis, specifically regarding GLUT-1 and GLUT-3.Methods: This study was an experimental study done in the integrated research and testing laboratory of Universitas Gadjah Mada from June to August 2018. This study used male Wistar rats, randomly divided into three groups as two intervention groups given Streptozotizin (STZ) induction for 4 and 8 weeks and one control group. The minimum sample size in each group was 9. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 genes were assayed by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).Results: This study showed an increase in GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 expression in rats that experienced hyperglycemia for 4 weeks (p = 0.008 and p = 0.002, respectively). Increased expression of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 also occurred in rats that experienced hyperglycemia for 8 weeks, but the increase was not statistically significant (p=0.36 and p=0.079).Conclusion: Hyperglycaemia may cause an increase in GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 expression. This expression indicates that GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 are very sensitive to glucose levels changes and may play a role in spermatogenesis changes in patients with diabetes mellitus.
The consistency of visual acuity measurement using PEEK acuity and Snellen-E performed by trained teachers in elementary school students
Authors: Andayani Ari , Saraswati Ni Made Gita , Suryathi Ni Made Ari , Rahayu Ni Kompyang
Published: February 2022

Background: Visual impairment in children affects growth and development, psychological, social, daily activities, which reduce the quality of life. Children often don't realize that they see "lack of" and do not complain of any difficulty in seeing. Collaboration between medical and non-medical personnel could be developed as a tiered health service team. Teachers as educators could help the health service team through health education and eye screening. The purpose of this study was to find out the consistency of visual acuity measurements by trained teachers using PPEK acuity and Snellen-E.Methods: This study is an analytic cross sectional study conducted on 178 samples in elementary school. Visual acuity was measured by trained teachers using PEEK Acuity and Snellen-E cards and ETDRS by an ophthalmologist. Data analysis using Bland Altman and Rank-Spearman correlation test.Results : Mean difference in visual acuity measurement with PEEK Acuity by trained teacher and ETDRS by ophthalmologist are 0,0028 logMAR (p = 0,543; 95% CI -0,0063 – 0,0119; 95% limit of agreement -0,11766 - 0,12326). Mean difference in visual acuity measurement with Snellen-E by trained teacher and ETDRS by ophthalmologist shows 0,0090 logMAR (p = 0,103; 95% CI -0.0018 – 0.0198; 95% limit of agreement -0.13426 –  0.15225). Mean difference in visual acuity measurement with PEEK Acuity and Snellen-E by trained teacher shows -0,0062 logMAR (p = 0.248; 95% CI -0,0175– 0,0052; 95% limit of agreement -0,15667 – 0,144269).Conclusion: Visual acuity measurement using PEEK Acuity and Snellen-E by trained teachers and ETDRS by an ophthalmologist are consistent and could replace each other.
A case of Nevus of Ota treated with laser picosecond Alexandrite 755 nm: A case-report
Authors: Winaya Ketut Kwartantaya , Setiadji I Made
Published: February 2022

Background: Nevus of Ota is a well-defined dermal melanocytosis characterized by bilateral multiple small, bluish-brown macules in the area innervated by the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve. Currently, the therapeutic modalities for this condition are still limited and complete resolution is difficult to achieve.Case Description: A 23-year-old woman complained a brown spot on the right cheek since the patient was born. It looked like the skin but slightly darker than its surroundings. Four years ago the patient had received 6 sessions of QS: Nd-YAG laser therapy, but the spot is still clearly visible. Dermatological status of the orbital, infraorbital, zygomatic, and right buccal regions showed multiple hyperpigmented patches, gray-brown, well-defined, geographically in shape with size 0.2 x 0.3cm – 5 x 7cm. The lesion was unilateral and distributed within the innervation area of the second and third trigeminal nerve. Miravex® skin analysis showed that the average level of melanin was 0.464 with a melanin variation of 45%. Therefore, patient was diagnosed with Nevus of Ota. The proposed treatment was  picosecond alexandrite 755nm laser, with a frequency of 2.5 Hz, pulse duration 550-750 ps, spot size 4 mm, and fluence 1.59 J/cm2. A marked improvement was observed after the treatment and after 21 days, a good grade of improvement was reported.Conclusion: Nevus of Ota can effectively treated with 755nm picosecond alexandrite laser therapy and results in a good grade of improvement.
Skin manifestations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review
Authors: Novena Odilia Dea
Published: February 2022

To date, skin manifestations in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients cannot be certainly described and predicted, as immunologic factors, viral load, hypercoagulable state, and treatment response varied among each case. Skin lesions in COVID-19 are similar to other viral infections, including dengue fever, morbilli, or varicella. The skin has Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors that bind to spike proteins on SARS-CoV-2. Damaged skin surface can be the port d'entrée for the virus to reach ACE-2 receptors in keratinocytes. Skin manifestations in COVID-19 include maculopapular eruption, pseudo-chilblain, urticarial lesions, vesicular eruption, and vasculopathy-related lesions such as petechiae, purpura, livedo, acrocyanosis, thrombosis/ischemia, and dry gangrene/necrosis. Pseudo-chilblain and urticarial lesions are associated with younger age and milder disease, while vasculopathy-related lesions are often seen in severe infections. Treatment depends on the severity, morphology of the lesion, and the symptoms that the patient complains of. The treatment may consist of systemic/topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and emollients. More research regarding the correlation between the etiopathogenesis of skin lesions in COVID-19 and the prognosis are needed. By identifying skin manifestations in COVID-19, clinicians can differentiate COVID-19 from other similar-looking lesions; therefore, early diagnosis, transmission prevention, treatments, and complication prevention can be conducted accordingly. This literature review aims to discuss the skin manifestations in COVID-19, understand the underlying etiopathogenesis, and explore the proper treatment for each case.
Management of tuberculous epididymal-orchitis: a literature review
Authors: Hadiansyah Hilman , Wahyudi Irfan , Rasyid Nur
Published: February 2022

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can develop in a large number of sites; the 3 common sites are the skeleton, genitourinary tract, and central nervous system. Involvement of these organs due to hematogenous spread of bacilli. Tuberculous (TB) epididymal-orchitis is the most common male genital tuberculosis, followed by prostate tuberculosis and tuberculosis of seminal vesicles. Infections of TB epididymal-orchitis usually start from globus major due to its rich blood supply. Based on clinical findings, tuberculous infection of the epididymal-orchitis is hardly distinguishable from tumor and infarction. In chronic stage, painless or painful swelling is seen. Several laboratory tests such as Urine Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) Stains, Culture, and Interferon-? release Assay (IGRA) can be performed to diagnose the disease. Radiology and Histopathology findings with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) also play an important role. Until now, TB epididymo-orchitis has been difficult to diagnose due to non-specific presentation. Therefore, this paper was created to provide an understanding based on current literature studies on the management of TB epididymal orchitis. This paper will discuss the clinical manifestations of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis, methods for diagnosis, and treatment concepts. This paper is also expected to be a guidance for primary healthcare doctors to be aware with the clinical findings of the TB epididymal-orchitis.
In-vitro anti-bacterial effectiveness test of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and ethanol extract of green meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) on the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacterial colony
Authors: Widiadnyani Ni Kadek Eka , Giri Putu Ratna Kusumadewi , Sidiartha I Gusti Ayu Fienna Novianthi , Tunas I Ketut
Published: February 2022

Background: Necrotic teeth with periapical lesions often experience root canal treatment failure. Enterococcus faecalis bacteria cause 85-90% of root canal infections. 2% Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) can eliminate Enterococcus faecalis bacteria but cannot dissolve necrotic tissue, while green meniran phytochemical compounds (Phyllantus niruri Linn) have anti-bacterial properties. This study aims to determine the effectiveness, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) between green meniran leaf extract with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and meniran extract only against the growth of Enterococcus faecalis.Method: This is an in vitro experimental study with a broth microdilution method consisting of two treatment groups. The negative control contained BHIB media and 0.05 ml of bacteria; the positive control had 0.05 ml of bacteria with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, the group one consisted of BHIB media, bacteria and various concentrations of meniran extract. In contrast, group two consisted of BHIB media, bacteria, various concentrations of green meniran with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate. Data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test with LSD test.Results: Compared with negative control, in group one, we found the MIC of meniran extract was 3.125% with 94% anti-bacterial power, and the MBC was 6.25% with no bacterial growth. In group 2, we found the MIC of meniran extract and the 2% chlorhexidine digluconate was 0.78% with 9.3% anti-bacterial power, while the MBC was 1.56%.Conclusion: The increasing concentration of meniran extract also increases the anti-bacterial effect. A combination of meniran extract and 2% chlorhexidine digluconate give better anti-bacterial effects than meniran extract only.
Kematian janin dalam kandungan pada ibu hamil dengan infeksi sifilis laten: laporan kasus
Authors: Lusyana Hani , Damayanti Lina , Walujo Agus
Published: February 2022

Background: Pregnant women and newborns are a group that is prone to contracting sexually transmitted infections, although they do not directly engage in high-risk sexual behavior. One that has an unexpected impact on pregnant women and newborns is syphilis by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Transmission of syphilis from mother to fetus is usually worse when the infection in pregnant women is not detected or not appropriately treated early in pregnancy. This case report aims to evaluate fetal death in the womb in pregnant women with latent syphilis infectionCase Presentation: A 19-year-old pregnant woman aged 31-32 weeks diagnosed with late postpartum spontaneous Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD) with early latent syphilis. The diagnosis of syphilis was made based on the Veneral Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) serological test (1:64), Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) (1:1,280), and without any mucocutaneous complaints. The patient received Benzathine Penicillin G 2.4 million IU single dose intramuscularly. The diagnosis of IUFD was made one day after the administration of therapy and the baby was born with multiple congenital abnormalities.Conclusion: Undiagnosed and adequately treated syphilis in pregnant women can result in perinatal death caused by multiple congenital abnormalities. Latar Belakang: Ibu hamil dan bayi baru lahir merupakan kelompok rawan tertular infeksi menular seksual, walaupun tidak secara langsung berperilaku seksual resiko tinggi. Salah satu yang memiliki dampak kelahiran yang tidak diharapkan pada ibu hamil dan bayi baru lahir adalah Sifilis oleh bakteri Treponema pallidum. Transmisi sifilis dari ibu ke janin biasanya berakibat buruk ketika infeksi pada ibu hamil tidak terdeteksi atau tidak diobati secara benar di awal kehamilan. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kematian janin dalam kandungan pada ibu hamil dengan infeksi sifilis latenPresentasi Kasus: Seorang wanita hamil berusia 19 tahun usia kehamilan 31-32 minggu dengan diagnosis akhir postpartum spontan Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD) dengan sifilis laten dini. Diagnosis sifilis ditegakkan berdasarkan tes serologis Veneral Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) (1:64), Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) (1:1.280), dan tanpa adanya keluhan mukokutaneus. Pasien mendapatkan terapi Benzatin Penisilin G 2.4 juta IU single dose secara intramuskular. Diagnosis IUFD ditegakkan satu hari setelah pemberian terapi dan bayi yang dilahirkan memiliki kelainan kongenital multipel.Kesimpulan: Sifilis pada ibu hamil yang tidak terdiagnosis dan diterapi dengan adekuat dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya kematian perinatal yang disebabkan oleh kelainan kongenital multipel.
Karakteristik pasien kanker kulit non-melanoma di RSUP Sanglah pada periode tahun 2014 - 2018
Authors: Yogiswara I Gusti Agung Ivan , Saputra Herman , Ekawati Ni Putu
Published: February 2022

Background: Skin cancer is a disease caused by changes in the properties of the constituent skin cells from normal to malignant. There are 3 most common types of skin cancer: Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), and malignant melanoma. This study aims to determine the clinicopathological characteristics of non-melanoma skin cancer patients, especially BCC and SCC, at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, in 2014 – 2018.Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive study. Clinicopathological data of non-melanoma skin cancer patients were obtained from the histopathological examination archive at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Sanglah General Hospital from 2014 – 2018. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: During 2014 – 2018, there were 100 patients with non-melanoma skin cancer at Sanglah Hospital. Based on histopathological type, there were 39 cases (39.0%) of BCC and 61 cases (61.0%) of SCC. BCC was predominant in the age group above 70 years (33.33%) and the highest type of SCC in the age group 50-59 years (32.79%). Based on gender, BCC is more frequent in women by 53.85% and SCC is more frequent in men by 54.10%.Conclusion: The highest non-melanoma skin cancer cases were SCC with age more than 50 years and were more commonly found in men. Latar Belakang: Kanker kulit adalah salah satu penyakit yang diakibatkan oleh berubahnya sifat-sifat penyusun sel kulit yang awalnya normal menjadi ganas. Terdapat 3 jenis kanker kulit yang tersering, yaitu Karsinoma Sel Basal (KSB), Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa (KSS), dan melanoma maligna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik klinikopatologi pasien kanker kulit non-melanoma khususnya karsinoma sel basal dan karsinoma sel skuamosa di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada periode tahun 2014 – 2018.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif retrospektif. Data klinikopatologi pasien kanker kulit non-melanoma diperoleh dari arsip pemeriksaan histopatologi di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2014 – 2018. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.Hasil: Selama periode tahun 2014 – 2018 terdapat 100 pasien kanker kulit non-melanoma. Berdasarkan tipe histopatologi, terdapat 39 kasus (39,00%) KSB dan 61 kasus (61,00%) KSS. KSB ditemukan terbanyak pada kelompok usia diatas 70 tahun (33,33%) dan tipe KSS terbanyak pada kelompok usia 50-59 tahun (32,79%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, KSB lebih banyak pada perempuan sebesar 53,85% dan KSS lebih banyak pada laki – laki sebesar 54,10%.Kesimpulan: Kasus kanker kulit non-melanoma tertinggi adalah KSS dengan usia lebih dari 50 tahun dan lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki – laki.
Preoperative factors influencing surgical site infections (SSIS) in inguinal hernia patients undergoing tension-free mesh hernia repair at regional public hospitals in Bali
Authors: Pramesti Putu Anggia Dimitri , Wijaya Made Dharmesti , Bharata Made Dwi Yoga
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common nosocomial infection, affecting one out of three patients undergoing surgical procedures. The incidence of SSI in clean surgical wounds is still higher, especially in inguinal hernia repair. Today, tension-free mesh hernia repair is the primary method used in inguinal hernia management to reduce the risk of recurrence. This study aims to analyze preoperative factors influencing the incidence of SSIs in inguinal hernia patients that underwent tension-free mesh hernia repair at several regional public hospitals in Bali.Methods: This is a case-control study with samples taken from seven regional hospitals in Bali. Data used in this study were obtained from patients’ medical records from 2017-February 2021. Samples included in this study are inguinal hernia patients that underwent tension-free mesh hernia repair and postoperative check-up. Samples are selected through the purposive sampling method. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 18.0 software. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed, and Pearson chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were applied.Results: From the 61 samples in the case group and 61 samples in the control group, the results showed a significant relationship between the incidence of SSIs and elderly patients (OR = 2.262, 95% CI 1.086-4.711), between SSIs and obesity (OR = 9.057, 95% CI 1.096-74.808), and between SSIs and diabetes mellitus (OR = 9.620, 95% CI 2.094-44.201).Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between these preoperative factors and the incidence of SSIs in inguinal hernia patients that underwent tension-free mesh hernia repair at seven regional public hospitals in Bali.
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) with aortic dissection Stanford A in middle aged man: a case report
Authors: Umam Anbiya Khairul , Widiarta Ida Bagus Wisnu , Intizam Marwa Humaira , Prasetyo Aizar Vesa , Yasa Ketut Putu
Published: February 2022

Background: Heart failure is a clinical syndrome with shortness of breath, fluid retention, and the heart's structural and functional disorder. Each year, there were 7,2 cases every 1000 people on male and 4,7 cases every 1000 people on the female. Aortic dissection is an emergency disease in which the symptoms are similar to ischemic heart disease, that 38% of patients got misdiagnosed on the first evaluations. Because of the clinical course of heart failure and misdiagnosed aortic dissection that frequently happened, authors are interested in making a case report with both conditions.Case report: A male patient, 39 years old, complained of shortness of breath and epigastrium pain. The patient was diagnosed with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) profile B with emergency hypertension and suspected aortic dissection based on history and physical examination. The patient was also diagnosed with acute kidney injury stage 1. CT angiography showed widening of the aorta ascending until arcus aorta with a Stanford type A aortic dissection diagnosis.Conclusion: The condition of aortic dissection can coincide with acute heart failure. Therefore, a clinician must be aware of the emergency of dissection and know the initial symptoms of dissection. The typical clinical symptoms of dissection lead us to perform imaging studies that ultimately lead to a thoracoabdominal CTA to diagnose the dissection.
Efektivitas terapi inhibitor janus kinase pada vitiligo: tinjauan pustaka
Authors: Gunawan Harry , Rakhmawati Flora Anisah
Published: February 2022

Background: Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease that causes progressive skin melanocyte destruction, clinically seen as asymptomatic depigmentation macule and poliosis. CD8+ T cell is the primary effector of melanocyte destruction, and the activities of CD8+ T cell are driven by interferon-? (IFN-?). The current vitiligo treatment options are often not satisfied with many limitations and a high recurrence rate. Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor is one of the emerging vitiligo therapies which has a more specific target with a direct effect on CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity and IFN-?.Methods: In writing this article, the literature review method was used, and sources consist of relevant journals obtained through online search engines.Result: Several studies show that repigmentation in the facial area increases between 51-92%. Repigmentation occurs better in areas exposed to sunlight or a combination of phototherapy because repigmentation in vitiligo lesions requires suppression of the autoimmune process and melanocyte regeneration.Conclusion: Many studies showed the results of vitiligo therapy using JAK inhibitors were very promising and safe. The vitiligo therapy using JAK inhibitor showed higher efficacy on the facial area and combined with ultraviolet exposure. Latar belakang: Vitiligo merupakan penyakit autoimun yang menyebabkan destruksi melanosit secara progresif pada kulit, menimbulkan makula depigmentasi asimtomatik dan poliosis. Sel T CD8+ merupakan efektor primer yang menyebabkan kematian melanosit dan aktivitasnya ditingkatkan oleh interferon-? (IFN-?). Pilihan terapi vitiligo saat ini seringkali tidak memuaskan, memiliki keterbatasan, dan memiliki tingkat kekambuhan yang tinggi. Inhibitor Janus Kinase (JAK) merupakan salah satu terapi baru vitiligo yang memiliki target lebih spesifik dengan efek langsung terhadap sitotoksisitas sel T CD8+ dan IFN-?.Metode: Dalam penulisan artikel ini digunakan metode tinjauan pustaka dengan bersumber pada artikel relevan yang didapatkan melalui pencarian secara daring. Hasil: Beberapa studi menunjukkan adanya repigmentasi pada area wajah meningkat antara 51-92%. Repigmentasi terjadi lebih baik pada area terpapar sinar matahari atau kombinasi fototerapi disebabkan karena repigmentasi pada lesi vitiligo membutuhkan supresi dari proses autoimun dan regenerasi melanosit.Simpulan: Berbagai studi menunjukkan hasil terapi inhibitor JAK terhadap vitiligo sangat menjanjikan dan cukup aman. Terapi inhibitor JAK menunjukkan efektivitas lebih tinggi pada area wajah dan dengan kombinasi paparan ultraviolet.
Physical activity and vasomotor symptoms in perimenopausal women at Wukirsari Village, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Liesdiyanata Iwi , Rizal Dicky Moch , Dasuki Djaswadi
Published: February 2022

Background: Menopause is an event that marks the end of the reproductive phase of a woman. Vasomotor symptoms are one of the primary symptoms of menopausal women and affect about 40-60% of perimenopausal women. This research aims to investigate the relationship of physical activity with vasomotor symptoms in perimenopausal women.Methods: The population in this study were 173 women aged 45-54 years who are still experiencing menstruation in the Wukirsari village working area of Puskesmas Cangkringan Sleman-Yogyakarta. The instrument for measuring vasomotor symptoms adopted two questions from the menopause rating scale (hot flushes and night sweats) questionnaire while measuring physical activity using a questionnaire from Riskesdas. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Windows.Results: Most of the participants were in the 45-50 years age group (75.73%), followed by severe vasomotor symptoms (95.95%), sufficient physical activity (91.91%), medium level education (49.71%), and informal occupation (94.80%). In addition, this study found that most of the participants were normal Body Mass Index (BMI) (54.34%), passive smoking (64.74%), and pre-hypertension (46.20%). There was a significant relationship between physical activities and BMI to the vasomotor symptoms among women of perimenopausal age (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between physical activities and BMI the vasomotor symptoms among women of perimenopausal age.
Diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan tuberkulosis sistem saraf pusat
Authors: Yogi Prima , Andrika I Putu , Sajinadiyasa I Gede Ketut , Bagiada I Made
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculous are the most dangerous form of extrapulmonary TB. CNS tuberculous can present as meningoencephalitis, intracranial tuberculomas, and vasculitis. CNS tuberculous accounts for about 1% of all TB cases and is associated with high mortality. Tuberculous meningoencephalitis commonly presents with classic symptoms of fever, headache, meningism (neck stiffness), seizures as well as focal neurologic deficits, and altered consciousness. The diagnosis and treatment of CNS tuberculosis is still a formidable clinical challenge.Case report: Patient presented with fever, headache, meningismus, convulsion, and decreased consciousness. CT scan showed cerebral tuberculoma in the left parietal lobe. Examination gene-Xpert of the cerebrospinal fluid showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was given category 1 of anti-tuberculosis drugs.Conclusion: CNS tuberculosis has non-specific symptoms, difficult diagnosis, and high mortality. In this case report, the diagnosis of CNS tuberculosis was established based on the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the CSF molecular rapid test examination, and a CT scan of the head with contrast found cerebral tuberculoma.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MASERAT DAUN MANGROVE (Avicennia marina) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI PADA IKAN LAYANG BENGGOL (Decapterus russelli) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Sumartini Sumartini , Ratrinia Putri Wening , Andini Rekha
Published: February 2022

Mangrove Avicennia marina mengandung senyawa bioaktif antibakteri yang dapat digunakan untuk memperlambat pertumbuhan mikroba pada ikan, salah satunya ikan Layang Benggol (Decapterus russelli). Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial terdiri dari perlakuan konsentrasi maserat 15%, 20%, 25%) dan tiga kondisi penyimpanan yaitu suhu ruang (23º-27ºC), suhu dingin (10ºC), suhu beku (0ºC) selama 24 jam dengan tiga kali ulangan. Jumlah kadar air dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji Jarak Nyata Terdekat Duncan (JNTD) pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada perlakuan suhu penyimpanan dan pengaruh tidak signifikan pada perlakuan konsentrasi maserat terhadap kadar air pada proses kemunduran mutu ikan layang benggol. Perlakuan dengan kesegaran terbaik terdapat pada penyimpanan suhu beku dengan konsentrasi maserat 25% yang menunjukkan nilai kadar air adalah 76,73%. Sedangkan pada pengujian E coli, perlakuan suhu dingin dan suhu beku pada semua konsentrasi maserat menunjukkan bahwa kandungan E coli pada ikan layang negatif. (KATA KUNCI: Antibakteri, Avicennia marina, Decapterus russelli)
ISOLASI KAPANG KONTAMINAN PADA IKAN ASIN YANG DIJUAL DI MOROTAI SELATAN, PULAU MOROTAI
Authors: Aris Jufri Anto , Nur Rinto M , Asy’ari Asy’ari , Saibi Ningsi
Published: February 2022

Ikan asin di Kabupaten Morotai diperjualbelikan di pasar tanpa kemasan. Ikan asain hanya diikat denga tali plastik dan digantug begitu saja. Hal ini dapat memicu pertumbuhan mikroba pada ikan asin, terutama kapang. Kapang kontaminan merupakan salah satu kelompok mikroorganisme yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan mutu bahan makanan dengan menyebabkan kerusakan/pembusukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi kapang kontaminan pada ikan asin yang dijual di Morotai Selatan Pulau Morotai. Isolasi dan identifikasi kapang dilakukan di Laboratorium FPIK, Universitas Pasifik Morotai. Media untuk pertumbuhan kapang berupa media Tauge Ekstrak Agar (TEA). Isolasi kapang dari ikan asin dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran seri dan penanaman secara aerob (dengan teknik sebaran). Kapang yang tumbuh dipisahkan menjadi biakan murni dan dilakukan pengamatan isolat secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 2 isolat kapang yaitu isolat IA.A1 dan isolat IA.C1. Isolat IA.A1 memiliki ciri-ciri seperti kapang Acromonium sp. dan isolat IA.C1 memiliki ciri-ciri seperti kapang Aspergillus niger.
“The End of Sacrifice” and the Absence of “Religion”: The Pecuiar Case of India
Authors: Larson Gerald James
Published: February 2022

Gerald James Larson’s paper discusses five principal questions posed in relation to the topic of the “end of sacrifice” and the emerging concept of “religion” in the Late Antiquity. The first two questions concern the use of the concepts of “religion,” “philosophy” and “theology,” and the apparent absence of their counterparts in the early Indian material. By outlining important notions in Indian thinking, Larson stresses the extent to which the worldviews between Mediterranean Europe and the Indian subcontinent differ. The third question concerns the possible naming of a second axial age that occurred around the first centuries CE in both of these cultural spheres. This could be postulated at least in terms of far-reaching changes taking place within their respective intellectual discourses. The two last points of discussion concern the need for rethinking and rectifying Jaspers’ notion of a first axial age and his notions of “religion,” “philosophy,” and “theology.”
A Modern Kalpavr̥kṣa: Sathya Sāī Bābā and the Wish-fulfilling Tree
Authors: Rigopoulos Antonio
Published: February 2022

In Chapter 1, Antonio Rigopoulos explores the significance of divine trees in the construction of the charismatic persona of Sathya Sāī Bābā (1926–2011), the famous god-man of Puttaparthi in southern Andhra Pradesh. Particular attention is paid to the pārijāta, the tamarind tree as kalpavr̥kṣa and the vaṭa/bodhi tree, which in the saint’s hagiography are related to his advent, his miraculous powers and the meditative practice conducive to final liberation (mokṣa), respectively.
Configuraciones subjetivas e ideales
Authors: Sánchez-Antillón Antonio
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las narrativas de miembros de colectivos para comprender cómo las prácticas del saber dependen de ideales que reconfiguran sus formas del ser. Se problematiza: configuración subjetiva e ideales. El método de análisis es la teoría del relato. Los resultados destacan tres momentos narrativos: el antes biográfico de vivencias de abandono y abuso; el después, que implica el ingreso a la universidad y con ello la adquisición de nuevos ideales y prácticas actuales reivindicativas. Se muestra en las secuencias: aprendizajes de resistencia, revelación y transformación de sí mismo. Se discute cómo los ideales y la configuración subjetiva del antes está implicado en la praxis actual en procesos de reparacióndel sí mismo perdido en la imagen masculina.
Competencias docentes de los profesores responsables de la formación de psicólogos
Authors: Benavides-Bastidas Oscar Manuel , Rojas- Zapata Andrés Felipe , Hernández- Arteaga Isabel
Published: February 2022

En la actualidad la tendencia de la formación del psicólogo se orienta bajo el enfoque de competencias, por lo tanto, los profesores de estos programas académicos deben acreditar competencias docentes que permitan una formación pertinente y de calidad. El objetivo fue analizar la teoría existente sobre competencias, docencia y competencias docentes transversales y específicas del profesor de programas de psicología. El método se llevó a cabo mediante el proceso de investigación bibliográfica con enfoque hermenéutico, se revisaron 65 documentos sobre el tema, correspondientes a artículos, libros y capítulos de libro resultado de investigación de los 14 últimos años; fundamentalmente la consulta se realizó en las basesde datos como Scielo, ProQuest Social Science Journals, Publindex y ISOC-psicología. Como resultados y conclusiones, la revisión bibliográfica con enfoque hermenéutico, muestra la importancia y la necesidad que en la última década tiene la implementación de la formación de profesionales bajo el enfoque de competencias, hecho que demanda nuevas funciones de los profesores universitarios que requiere acreditar en su perfil profesional competencias docentes, que les permitan orientar adecuadamente la formación del estudiante. Sin embargo, es evidente que la literatura es muy escasa cuando se indaga en el tema particular de competencias docentes transversales y específicas del profesor de programas de psicología; evidenciando la necesidad de investigación para aportar teóricamente sobre este tema.
Habilidades sociales para la vida: empatía, relaciones interpersonales y comunicación asertiva en adolescentes escolarizados
Authors: Flórez-Madroñero Andrea Carolina , Prado - Chapid Manuel Fernando
Published: February 2022

Se aborda el estudio de las habilidades sociales para la vida (HSpV) en adolescentes de una institución educativa del departamento de Putumayo, Colombia. El estudio se desarrolla desde el paradigma cuantitativo, enfoque empírico-analítico, de tipo no experimental, transversal, utilizando el Inventario ERCA II, instrumento válido y confiable para la evaluación de empatía, relaciones interpersonales y comunicación asertiva en adolescentes. Entre los 37 adolescentes evaluados durante el tiempo de confinamiento por Covid-19, el 92% de los estudiantes obtuvo nivel alto de comunicación asertiva; el 70% un nivel moderado de empatía; el 62% alcanzó nivel alto de relaciones interpersonales. Los niveles adecuados de habilidades sociales se deben continuar fortaleciendo a través de programas psicoeducativos que fomenten la competencia social. Se recomienda evaluar presencialmente a una mayor muestra de la comunidad, y asísuperar las limitaciones de conectividad a internet que tiene esta población.
Modelo de vinculación universidad-empresa-estado para la internacionalización de la PYME
Authors: Gil-Gaytán Olga Leticia , Cárdenas - Gil Denisse Leticia
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo propone el modelo de vinculación Universidad-Empresa-Estado, conocido al interior del ITESO bajo el nombre de PAP Internacional y cuyo objetivo es apoyar la internacionalización de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas mexicanas. En el caso de México, estas empresas representan el 99.8% del sector empresarial del país. La internacionalización de esta clase de empresas es un asunto prioritario para el desarrollo del país y de su competitividad. El Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional Internacional, tiene su sustento teórico en el modelo conocido como la Triple Hélice, el cual busca la generación de conocimiento e innovación a partir de la interacción de tres actores principales: universidad, empresa y estado. Se consideran así mismo otras aportaciones teóricas que igualmente fundamentan la importancia de esta interacción para el impulso de la internacionalización de las empresas. Este modelo tiene como objetivola internacionalización de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa mexicana a través del conocimiento gestado en las universidades. Con la desaparición de PROMEXICO y otros organismos estatales como JALTRADE en Jalisco, los recursos del Estado no son suficientes para tan ardua tarea. Entre los resultados obtenidos por este modelo, se encuentran: catorce años de operación en el ITESO, apoyo a 225 empresas y la participación de 900 alumnos de distintos programas educativos. Acompañando este modelo, se presenta el caso de la empresa INATEQ. Esta empresa actualmente exporta a Europa y es cien por ciento exportadora.
Estudio sobre modelos de clúster automotriz en la zona andina transfronteriza de Ecuador-Colombia
Authors: Almeida- Pillajo Roberth James , Sierra- Lara Yoandris
Published: February 2022

El desarrollo del tema presentado en este artículo centra su objetivo principal en identificar el interés de asociatividad de los principales actores en la propuesta de un modelo de Clúster Automotriz en la Zona Andina Transfronteriza de Ecuador-Colombia, contribuyendo como una alternativa al desarrollo económico social en esta región transandina, con la articulación de la provincia del Carchi al norte de Ecuador y la subregión exprovincia de Obando al sur del Departamento de Nariño en Colombia. Para ello, se emplea una metodología de investigación no experimental, transversal y descriptiva. En este sentido, se describe un entorno socioeconómico en el que existe una dinámica de desarrollo local en la productividad de maneracompleja dado que se evidencia una interrelación en el ámbito comercial que permite comprender dicho desarrollo sobre la base de la teoría de sistemas en el diseño de un modelo de organización empresarial que facilite la interacción dinámica de los actores regionales desde un enfoque complejo en las ciencias económicas. En este orden de análisis, se espera que los resultados positivos, de los datos derivados sobre los procesos estadísticos y de prospectiva contribuyan a validar el diseño de un modelo de simulación basado en dinámica de sistemas con el programa de computación Vensim PLE x32 V.7, 2a. Esto permitirá conocer el impacto de un Clúster automotriz como alternativa de desarrollo en la región. En conclusión, se considera que un modelo único de Clúster automotriz como alternativa de desarrollo en esta zona transandina será de gran utilidad para el desarrollo productivo.
Financial education is in need of a shake-up: Three guiding reorientations
Authors: Goldingham Newsom Jack
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a rethink of many areas of our society. Financial education should be no exception. Based on the assumptions of 20th century neoclassical economics, and not catering for cultural, social and ecological considerations in our purchasing decisions, the New Zealand offering of resources to teach financial wellbeing are lacking in several key areas. I expose the gaps in the current approach by discussing the financial reality for many people in New Zealand. I propose three reorientations towards financial education based on 1) changes to people’s current financial situations and financial prospects; 2) changes to our understanding of the importance of ecological and social factors in purchasing decisions, and the role of cultural factors in access to financial products; and finally, 3) developments in our knowledge of how we make decisions. I conclude that a new set of assumptions should be adopted, and that educators commit to preparing our young people for a future of both financial instability and change, and financial wellbeing and success, encouraging them to define their own success measures individually and in their communities.
Taunaki Puna Reo: Kaiako Considerations of Mana and Kaitiakitanga
Authors: Rameka Lesley , Soutar Brenda Eva , Paki Vanessa Anne , Clayton Leanne
Published: February 2022

Wellbeing is fundamental to an individual’s ability to function and live well. Māori have some of the worst wellbeing statistics in New Zealand (Chalmers & Williams, 2018). From a Māori worldview, mana (power, authority) and kaitiakitanga (guardianship) encapsulate the critical relationships necessary to Māori understandings of wellbeing. These relationships reflect the interconnectedness and interdependence of humans with the people, places and things in their worlds, as well as the responsibilities associated with these relationships.

This article discusses findings from phase two of a Teaching and Learning Research Initiative funded project Te Whakapūmautia te mana: Enhancing Mana Through Kaitiakitanga (2020–2021), and outlines implications for early childhood education (ECE) from the findings. The project aimed to explore the ways that ECE accords mokopuna (children) opportunities to recognise mana and understand ways to accrue and attain mana through being kaitiaki (guardians) of themselves, others and their environment, thereby contributing to a collective sense of wellbeing. Phase two of the research focused on kaiako (teachers’) understandings of mana and kaitiakitanga and how they are currently reflected in Māori medium ECE services.
Beginning Spanish ¡Empecemos por aquí!
Authors:   Portland State University, Ceciliano Jenny , Notman Lisa
Published: February 2022

Beginning Spanish ¡Empecemos por aquí! focuses on the development of communication skills in interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational modes while centering student voices. Activities engage learners in real exchanges of information on topics that are relevant to adult students. In addition to language-acquisition learning outcomes, this text supports learning outcomes in diversity, equity, inclusion, cultural sustainability, and social justice.
COMPETÊNCIAS SOCIOEMOCIONAIS: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA
Authors: Schorn Solange Castro , Sehn Amanda Schöffel
Published: February 2022

Medidas adotadas para o enfrentamento da pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus impuseram mudanças na rotina e nos hábitos de grande parte da população. Instituições de ensino básico até o ensino superior, em sua maioria, foram fechadas, trazendo impactos para estudantes e professores no mundo e colocando em evidência o contexto educacional. Com base no exposto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre a importância das competências socioemocionais para o exercício profissional de professores diante da pandemia. A partir de revisão narrativa da literatura, considera-se que a implementação de estratégias voltadas às competências socioemocionais neste momento pode fornecer subsídios para o enfrentamento dos efeitos da pandemia no contexto escolar, uma vez que podem auxiliar professores e alunos na resolução de conflitos e na superação de desafios. Também pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de propostas inovadoras, a partir de uma postura empática e solidária em relação a todos os sujeitos envolvidos.
Nutrition and Immune Function: A Science Review of the Role of Micronutrients in the Immune System
Authors: P Mason , G Jenkins
Published: February 2022

Almost all vitamins and minerals and essential fatty acids such as omega-3 fatty acids are essential for immune function. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of nutrition has been highlighted, but vitamins and minerals are often forgotten or intakes assumed to be adequate. Dietary surveys in the UK show that intakes of these essential micronutrients are below recommended intakes particularly in some population groups.