bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eating Sustainably: Protein Consumption at Home, at Restaurants, and While Traveling
Authors: Lapan Chantell , Greenwood Jerusha , Kline Carol
Published: May 2020

Proenvironment consumer behavior is generally greater among individuals who perceive their choices as making a difference (e.g., consumers who believe their purchase of sustainably raised meat products creates a stronger market for those products and decreases the demand for nonsustainably
raised meat products). However, little is known about how consumers change or maintain their behaviors while at home, eating out, or traveling. This article explores factors driving individuals to purchase sustainably raised animal products, specifically looking at how respondent characteristics,
knowledge of social and environmental issues, and perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) relate to patterns of meat consumption while traveling. Survey participation was solicited from Animal Welfare Approved (AWA) electronic and social media outlets, as well as during food-related events.
Significant relationships were found between PCE and the consumption of meat products, as well as knowledge of social and environmental issues. Specifically, significant relationships existed between consistent purchasing behaviors, most PCE items, and the frequency with which preferred attributes
are sought while eating out and traveling. When at home and while traveling, consumers who perceive their behaviors as making a difference are more willing to seek out meat products that match their preferred "green" attributes. Retail establishments and organizations tasked with marketing
travel destinations should look to find methods of promoting their green activities, particularly regarding sustainable meat production, to environmentally conscious consumers who are consistent in their purchasing decisions at home and while traveling.
Haji Dalam Budaya Masyarakat Bugis Barru: Suatu Pergeseran Makna
Authors: Nasruddin Nasruddin
Published: May 2020

This research aims to reveal the change of the symbolic meaning of pilgrimage.  Type of this research uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects were people who have carry out the pilgrimage. Data were collected through observation, interview and documentation technique. The data were analyzed through qualitative descriptive using phenomenology approach. The result of this research revealed that  the forms of the change of pilgrimage symbolic meaning are shown through the ceremony of mappatoppo and construction clothes of the pilgrim. Factors encouraging those changes were social status and prestige asa well as expected appreciation.
Akuntabilitas Kinerja dalam Bingkai Tauhid Sosial: Suatu Refleksi Teologi Al Ma’Un
Authors: Rayyani Wa Ode , Abbas Ahmad
Published: May 2020

The study of this research aims to comprehend the concept and meaning of the accountability of social performance in Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This study is qualitative using interpretive paradigm through etnomethodology approach. This study finds that Al Ma’un teology in Muhammadiyah University of Makassar is termed in the form of the servitude to God. In the university, a lot of products are the manifestation of accountability of social performance providing fundamental values including ukhuwah and sincerity in conducting the performance program, profesionalism, and independency.
Studying the Effectiveness of Ribavirin® in the Experimental Form of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Authors: Loginova S. Ya. , Shchukina V. N. , Borisevich S. V. , Hamitov R. A. , Maksimov V. A.
Published: May 2020

The effectiveness of Ribavirin® was evaluated by the certainty of disease severity reduction and the coefficient of therapeutic action of drugs at the peak of the pathological process calculated by the following indicators: accumulation of the virus in the lungs, lung damage degree reduction, reduction observed in the severity of changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of white blood, as well as the severity of changes in biochemical blood parameters. Ribavirin® is most effective when used according to the emergency prevention regimen at a dose of 20 mg/kg (therapeutic action coefficient — 70%); at a dose of 40 mg/kg according to the therapeutic and prophylactic regimen (therapeutic action coefficient — 60%). Increasing the dose of Ribavirin® did not contribute to the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug.
Formation of Persisters in Clinical Isolates of K.pneumoniae Induced with Meropenem, Amikacin, and Their Combination
Authors: Markelova N. N. , Tutelyan A. V. , Sedykh N. G.
Published: May 2020

A study of induced antibiotic tolerance of clinical isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae sensitive to meropenem and amikacin revealed the formation of phenotypically heterogeneous persisters in them, represented by the SCV (small colony variant) and NCV (normal colony variant) forms. There was no correlation of persister formation between these antimicrobial drugs (R=-0.37), which indicates different mechanisms of tolerance to antibiotics. The ability of amikacin to induce the formation of SCV persisters was higher than that of meropenem (p-level > 0.05), and the synergistic effect of both drugs contributed to a decrease in their number, to a maximum of 80.0%. At the same time, SCV-persists of K.pneumoniae were characterized by a short-term increase in adaptive resistance to antibiotics, which were used as inducers of the formation of persistent bacterium fractions (p-level > 0.05), which may contribute to their more effective survival in media with antibiotics.
Non-resolving atelectasis after foreign body aspiration in a 17-month-old boy
Authors: Didović Diana , Valenčak-Ignjatić Ivana , Baudoin Tomislav , Roglić Srđan
Published: May 2020

Foreign body aspiration is an important emergency and cause of morbidity and mortality in children. We present a 17-month-old boy who developed pneumonia and atelectasis a few weeks after unnoticed peanut inhalation. Despite prompt foreign body removal atelectasis persisted for three months. This case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of foreign body aspiration.
Modeling the impact of hospital logistics on quality of care and patient satisfaction: Results of a survey in three public healthcare facilities in Fez, Morocco
Authors: Frichi Youness , Jawab Fouad , Boutahari Said
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The objective of this research is to examine the role of hospital logistics in improving quality of care and patient satisfaction. Thus, the paper focuses on modeling and evaluating the relationship between these three constructs.Design/methodology/approach: In the present study, hospital logistics was specified as a second-order construct composed of five first-order constructs: physical accessibility, waiting time, consultation time, hospital hotel services, and administrative procedures. A questionnaire was developed and administered face-to-face to 384 hospitalized patients in three public healthcare facilities in Fez-Morocco. Collected data were processed and analyzed deploying the PLS-SEM method and using SmartPLS3 software. Data analysis was carried out by considering two types of patient circuits according to the admission modes in the healthcare facility: Urgent Patients Circuit and Scheduled Patients Circuit. Thus, two PLS-SEM models were evaluated and validated.Findings: Results highlighted the significant impact of hospital logistics on quality and satisfaction. In particular, the results of the two models showed that the most preponderant hospital logistics component is physical accessibility which consists of the availability and accessibility of ambulances, medical and nursing staff, support and guidance staff, technical facilities and equipment, etc. Thus, hospital managers and health system stakeholders should pay particular attention to hospital logistics activities in general and specifically to the physical accessibility to improve the quality of care and patient satisfaction.Research limitations/implications: This study only included patients from three public healthcare facilities in Fez-Morocco. Also, the model variables of hospital logistics construct are restricted and were applied in a specific context. Besides, the sample size was relatively reduced. Thus, results generalization might be limited. Further studies including more patients from other territories and including other logistics components are needed for large-scale validation of the proposed model. Originality/value: The results of this study contribute to the scientific literature on hospital logistics and its role as a lever for quality of care and patient satisfaction.
Simulation study on tractive performance of off-road tire based on discrete element method
Authors: Zhou Linxuan ,   College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410072, China, Gao Jingwei , Li Qiao , Hu Cheng
Published: May 2020

In order to improve the applicability and prediction accuracy of the existing simulation test methods of vehicle tractive performance on sandy soil, the off-road tire model using the discrete element method (DEM) under each operating condition is separately established in this paper. The contact parameters of DEM model are calibrated by rubber-sand friction test and soil bin test combined with corresponding simulation test. On this basis, the tire-sand simulation model is calculated under straight and inclining driving conditions, and the variation law of drawbar pull, torque, tractive efficiency and sinkage is obtained. This paper proves the feasibility of DEM simulation in studying vehicle tractive performance, and also provides a systematic parameter calibration method for improving the accuracy of DEM simulation, which is of great significance to enrich vehicle testing methods.
Las bases de datos españolas con información artística
Authors: Azorín López V. , Sorli Rojo A.
Published: May 2020

Se describen las bases de datos con información artística producidas en España, manifestándose la total supremacía del sector público, estando a la cabeza el Ministerio de Cultura a través de los Puntos de Información Cultural (PIC).
Las revistas españolas de ciencia y tecnología como vehículos de difusión de la investigación científica
Authors: Ortega Fernández C. , Plaza Gómez L. M.
Published: May 2020

Se identifican y analizan los principales factores que limitan la difusión y el reconocimiento internacional de las revistas científicas y técnicas españolas. Son objeto de estudio las características de edición y presentación de la información científica contenida en estas publicaciones, su disponibilidad, así como determinados hábitos de publicación de los investigadores. Entendemos que la problemática planteada en este estudio y las reflexiones que de él se derivan son, en gran medida, aplicables a sectores editoriales científicos de otros países.
Análisis comparativo de los costes de acceso a centros de servicio y bases de datos
Authors: Pérez Aranda J. M.
Published: May 2020

A pesar de ser el precio uno de los elementos más importantes en la estrategia de implantación y desarrollo de cualquier producto o servicio, por diferentes circunstancias no hay disponibles trabajos suficientemente accesibles y explícitos que faciliten a los no especialistas en telecomunicaciones la comprensión de las tarifas y de su concreción en las diversas situaciones de nuestro diario quehacer. Con este artículo se intenta paliar, al menos en una pequeña parte, esa carencia. Contiene, junto a un resumen simplificado de las tarifas de algunos servicios de transmisión de datos comercializados por Telefónica de España, un pequeño análisis comparativo de los costes de acceso en línea a bases de datos españolas y de otros países
Physician-Friendly States for Mental Health: A Comparison of Medical Licensing Boards
Authors: Wible Pamela , Palermini Arianna
Published: May 2020

Do medical boards undermine physician mental health by breaching physician confidentiality and privacy? We analyze the initial medical licensing process in each state to determine if qualified applicants who report mental illness experience discrimination. We then identify the most favorable states for physician mental health.
Релаксационные колебания в логистическом уравнении
с непостоянным запаздыванием
Authors: Golubenets Vyacheslav Olegovich
Published: May 2020

Рассматривается логистическое уравнение с запаздыванием,
зависящим от состояния и от параметра.
При достаточно больших значениях параметра доказывается
существование у этого уравнения
нелокального релаксационного периодического решения.
Доказательство проводится методом большого параметра.
Также строятся асимптотические оценки основных характеристик
этого решения при больших значениях параметра.
Библиография: 18 названий.
$\mathbb T$-пространства $n$-слов в относительно свободной
алгебре Грассмана без единицы в характеристике $2$
Authors: Tsybulya Liliya Mikhaylovna
Published: May 2020

В статье мы продолжаем изучение относительно свободной алгебры
Грассмана $\mathbb F^{(3)}$ без единицы над бесконечным полем
характеристики $2$, начатое в предыдущих работах автора. При
этом основное внимание уделяется вопросу взаимосвязи
$\mathbb T$-пространств $n$-слов, т.е. $\mathbb T$-пространств,
порожденных всеми одночленами из $\mathbb F^{(3)}$, содержащими каждую
свою переменную с кратностью $n$. Результаты настоящей заметки позволят
составить более полную картину о том, какими возможными включениями
связаны $\mathbb T$-пространства $r$-слов и $n$-слов при $r>n$.
Библиография: 7 названий.
О простых $\mathbb{Z}_2$-инвариантных и
угловых ростках функций
Authors: Гусейн-Заде Сабир Меджидович , Gusein-Zade Sabir Medzhidovich , Раух А.-М Я , Raukh A.-M Ya
Published: May 2020

В. И. Арнольд классифицировал простые (т.е. не имеющие модулей
при классификации) особенности (ростки функций),
а также простые краевые особенности: ростки функций,
инвариантные относительно действия
$\sigma(x_1;y_1,…,y_n)=(-x_1;y_1,…,y_n)$
группы $\mathbb{Z}_2$. В частности, было показано,
что росток функции (соответственно росток краевой особенности)
прост тогда и только тогда, когда форма пересечений
(соответственно ограничение формы пересечений
на подпространство антиинвариантных циклов) ростка
от $3+4s$ переменных, стабильно эквивалентентного данному,
отрицательно определена, и тогда и только тогда,
когда (эквивариантная) группа монодромии
на соответствующем подпространстве конечна. Формулируются и
доказываются аналоги этих утверждений для ростков функций,
инвариантных относительно произвольного действия
группы $\mathbb{Z}_2$, а также для угловых особенностей.
Библиография: 9 названий.
О производной Шварца $p$-листной функции
Authors: Dubinin Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: May 2020

Показывается, что сравнение емкостей подходящих конденсаторов
дает неравенство для производных Шварца голоморфной $p$-листной
в единичном круге функции со значениями в заданной области
комплексной плоскости. В случае, когда указанная область
также является кругом, а функция однолистная, данное неравенство
совпадает по существу с классическим неравенством Нехари.
Обсуждаются случаи равенства в полученном соотношении.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Интерполяционное неравенство Соболева
и логарифмическое неравенство Гросса-Соболева
Authors: Nasibov Sharif Mamed ogly
Published: May 2020

В настоящей заметке доказывается одно точное интегральное
неравенство, с помощью которого выводится одно интерполяционное
неравенство Соболева. Далее, предлагается новое доказательство
логарифмического неравенства Гросса-Соболева на основе
интерполяционного неравенства Соболева.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Taxonomy and Guidelines for Design, Fabrication, and Installation of Brake NVH Fixtures for Inertia Dynamometer Testing
Authors:   Brake NVH Standards Committee
Published: May 2020

This IR defines a general taxonomy (classification) of the most common fixture designs. This IR provides guidelines for design, fabrication, and installation to improve the way tests repeat, reproduce, and correlate to vehicle conditions. The different types of fixtures in this IR (including their preloading) apply to single-ended brake inertia dynamometer NVH testing, with a frequency range between 1.25 kHz and 16 kHz (per SAE J2521). This IR applies to passenger car and light trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg or below. This IR does not address other sources of variability such as (a) test procedure itself, (b) environmental conditions, (c) dynamometer design, including its NVH test chamber, (d) data collection and data analysis methods, and (e) part-to-part, batch-to-batch, and design-level variation for brake and suspension hardware.
Qualidade física do solo sob sistema silvipastoril com Peltophorum dubium e Panicum maximum cv. Aruana
Authors: Dalposso David Marlon , Brun Eleandro José , Schroeder Felipe , Canônico Cristian Medrado , Macedo Vicente De Paulo
Published: May 2020

Com o aumento da demanda de produção agropecuária e florestal no Brasil e no mundo, tornou-se necessária a maximização da produção numa mesma área, de forma sustentável, onde o sistema silvipastoril torna-se uma forma de integração de desempenho crescente. Objetivou-se avaliar os atributos físicos de dois sistemas de uso do solo: pastagem pura com Panicum maximum cv. Aruana e um sistema silvipastoril com Peltophorum dubium em linhas e pastagem nas entrelinhas. Foram abertas quatro minitrincheiras (repetições) em cada área (linha, entrelinha e pastagem pura de P. maximum cv. Aruana), subdivididas em quatro profundidades (00-10; 10-20; 20-40 e 40-60 cm), compondo 48 amostras de solo, coletadas com anel volumétrico. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à densidade, macroporosidade, microporosidade e porosidade total. A macroporosidade e a microporosidade variam com a profundidade, inversa e diretamente, respectivamente. A maior densidade do solo se deu na pastagem pura, entretanto sem atingir valores impeditivos ao crescimento radicular. Embora a porosidade total do solo não tenha apresentado diferenças significativas, essa sofre interferência do manejo aplicado sobre a área. O efeito do uso de leguminosa arbórea no sistema silvipastoril já é perceptível, apesar de ainda incipiente.
Geochemistry of groundwater and saltwater intrusion in a coastal region of an island in Malacca Strait, Indonesia
Authors: Bagus Eka Putra Dewandra , Sapari Dwi Hadian Mohamad , Yoseph CSS Syah Alam Boy , Yuskar Yuniarti , Zuhairi Wan Yaacob Wan , Datta Bithin , Puspa Dwi Harnum Widya
Published: May 2020

Most people in Bengkalis island use groundwater as their primary resource, but brackish water discovered in the wells located near the shore as well as in the distance. A hydrogeology study through geochemistry and isotope aspect conducted for the first time to identify the effect of saltwater intrusion (SWI) on groundwater. Na > Mg > K > Ca were the most dominant cation sequence in groundwater, while Cl > HCO3 > SO4 was the most dominant for anion. NaCl is the main type of groundwater in shallow aquifer and NaCl & NaHCO3 both became the most dominant type of groundwater in the deeper aquifer system. Most of the groundwater samples from dug wells indicating the weak acid exceeding strong acid. Meanwhile, the groundwater samples from bore wells dominated by alkalis exceeding alkaline earth. SWI analysis shows 36.4% of groundwater samples from dug wells and 40% of bore water samples experiencing the salinization process. From isotope analysis, the groundwater samples found to be originated from the higher elevation or distance source. Meanwhile, there are lighter 2H values in the samples that are indicating the groundwater flown in the deeper part of the aquifer.
Litter-dwelling invertebrates in natural and plantation forests in the southern Carpathians, Romania
Authors: Cicort-Lucaciu Alfred-Stefan , Cupsa Diana , Sucea Felicia , Ferenti Sara , Covaciu-Marcov Severus-Daniel
Published: May 2020

Forest plantations usually have a poorer fauna than native forests of the same region. Exceptions seem to appear in colder areas of Europe with few native forests. The Jiu Gorge National Park (JGNP) is situated in the Southern Romanian Carpathians, where numerous native, especially beech, forests are present. However, in the southern part of JGNP there are plantations with non-native species, like pine or black locust, where previous studies had reported a poor fauna. Based on this information, we supposed that this fauna poverty in plantations will be obvious also in the case of the litter macrofauna. This was verified by analyzing the litter macrofauna from 15 forests in the JGNP (10 natural forests and five forest plantations). We collected 12,950 individuals belonging to 28 invertebrate groups. The highest number of taxa was registered in the sessile oak forest, while the highest individual number and taxa diversity was observed in two beech forests. In the beech and birch reforestation areas the fauna was poorer than in old mature forests of the same tree species. In contrast to native forests, the fauna in plantations was much poorer, especially in the pine plantations. Detritiphagous taxa were the most affected by factors of the plantations. In the plantations, more mobile groups with various trophic regimes prevail. The plantations that are present in the southern areas of JGNP, replaced the original sessile oak forests, compared to which they have a much poorer fauna. Forest plantations from JGNP have low value for biodiversity, compared to the northern European areas where natural forests became very rare and the fauna is recent. JGNP is not in the same situation, having extended native forests, which are present in the area since the glacial periods. Therefore, these forests shelter the native fauna of the region. There are few plantations, present only in the disturbed part of JGNP, but even there they have only a very low importance for biodiversity. The data from JGNP confirms the fact that zones with high biodiversity and native forests should be conserved.

Key words: Carpathians, beech, forest plantations, past, native, invertebrates, leaf litter, forestry.
Characteristics of chosen biometric features of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) due to the age of trees and the forest site type
Authors: Turczański Krzysztof , Kaźmierczak Katarzyna , Zawieja Bogna
Published: May 2020

The dieback of European ash contributes the disappearance of the species from the typical ash sites such as floodplain forests or alder-ash forests. The species occurs more often in moist broadleaved forests and fresh broadleaved forests. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to determine the influence of ash age and the forest site type on the chosen biometric features of dominant and codominant trees. We also aimed to compare the sizes of European ash growing in optimal forest site types with less fertile ones, where it does not occur as the main species. We collected the empirical material from 25 plots representing 4 forest site types: fresh broadleaved forest, moist broadleaved forest, floodplain forest, and alder-ash forest. The research plots were located in the Babki, Konstantynowo, and Łopuchówko Forest Districts, western Poland. The age of ash varied from 52 to 144 years. On each plot, we measured a tree height and a diameter at breast height of 15 dominant and codominant ash trees. Subsequently, we used measured features to calculate the volume of each tree. We carried out the analysis of covariance of diameter at breast height, height, and volume. The analysis showed the strong relationship of examined features with the age of the species and the forest site type. Furthermore, our results indicated the underestimation of the growth possibilities of European ash in fresh broadleaved forest and moist broadleaved forest. In these sites, ash achieved similar sizes in comparison to optimal forest site types, i.e. floodplain forest and alder-ash forest. This result cannot be omitted in forestry practice, especially in silviculture, which should aim to support the natural regeneration of European ash in differentiated site conditions.

Keywords: European ash, forest site type, age of a tree, biometric features
Management of border zone forests of transmission line corridors
Authors: Poikolainen Teemu , Malinen Jukka
Published: May 2020

The resilience of power transmission has been required in Finland by the electricity market act since 2013. As a consequence, Finnish electricity companies began to manage border zone forests of transmission lines more extensively. Five years later, the experiences of experts representing different interest groups in border zone forest management projects along medium-voltage (MV) and high-voltage (HV) transmission lines were summed and analysed in this study utilising argument Delphi method. The first-round interview included 13 experts, and the second-round survey 33 experts representing electricity companies, forest management associations, forest companies and forest machine operators.

According to the results, landowners’ knowledge of border zone forest management should be increased by video clips linked to electricity companies’ web-pages, project-specific work demonstrations and demonstrations in exhibitions and other events. Increased knowledge and activation of landowners is crucial when a new MV transmission line corridor is being built. This could offer cost-efficient possibilities to extend joint harvestings in the vicinity forests.

Planning of border zone forest operations and marking estate borders, border zone forests and dangerous spots were found helpful and increase the safety and productivity of harvesting operators. Harvestings by cut-to-length harvesters in the vicinity of transmission lines require calm and experienced harvester operators.

According to the experts, on MV transmission lines, the corridor should be utilised in harvesting operation if possible. If a strip road is needed, it should be placed next to the transmission line corridor, enabling felling away from the transmission line. In HV transmission line border forest operations, the closest strip road to transmission line should be placed on the border zone. Strip road planning of individual thinning nearby transmission lines should consider the need for strip road in the border zone as well.

As a conclusion, information exchange between interest groups of border zone forest management projects and guidance for landowners is crucial for successful border zone forest management projects and needs to be further enhanced.
The soil fungal communities in nurseries producing Abies alba
Authors: Behnke-Borowczyk Jolanta , Kowalkowski Wojciech , Kartawik Natalia , Baranowska Mariena , Barzdajn Wladyslaw
Published: May 2020

Silver fir is an important forest-forming species in the mountain and upland parts of Poland. It was determined that fir lost the possibility of spontaneous return to the forests of the region. That is why the Polish State Forests has launched a programme to restore its resources in the Sudetes. Until now, fungi and their relationship with fir have not been fully addressed in the Sudetes Restitution Programme, therefore this study was undertaken. The aim of this study was to determine the species composition of soil fungi from quarters producing silver fir seedlings. The research material was rhizosphere soil collected from 3-year-old saplings produced in forest nurseries of the Międzylesie Forest District. Fungal composition was determined by Next-Generation sequencing (Illumina NextSeq 500). The total number of OTUs obtained (638 435) included sequences of cultivated horcultured fungi (433 412 OTUs = 52.7%), non-cultivable fungi, that is which cannot be cultured (97 108 OTUs = 22.41 %) and potential fungi with no reference sequence in UNITE (73 419 OTUs = 16.93%) and non-fungal organisms (34 496 = 7.96%). The following taxa as Mortierella sp. (8.23%). Tylospora sp. (6.68%) and Russula sp. (3.76%) had the largest share in the soil fungal communities. The results of the study indicate the dominance of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi in the communities of fir roots, which proves that saplings are of good quality. Small share of pathogens sequences suggests that soil-born fungal pathogens are not a major threat to fir seedlings in nurseries.

Key words: mycorrhizal fungi, nursery, Abies alba, seedlings, Międzylesie Forest District.
Diversity of old-drained forests in Estonia
Authors: Paal Jaanus , Jürjendal Iti
Published: May 2020

Due to originating from various mire or paludified forests and consequently developing after drainage under different growth conditions, the drained forests are very heterogeneous and complex. In the official Estonian forest typology, the old-drained stands are divided into Myrtillus and Oxalis site types, but recently the validity of the autonomous Dryopteris (expansa) forest site type was again asserted. The aims of the current study were to (i) elucidate the main factors determining the structure and variation of the Estonian old-drained forests, (ii) elaborate the typology of these forests at the community level and, (iii) establish the indicator species of the established community types. 218 forest stands drained not less than 35–40 years ago were analysed. According to multivariate data analyses (cluster, ordination and variance analyses, multi-response permutation procedures, indicator species analyses) it appeared that the soil reaction, nutrients, and moisture content, assessed by the Ellenberg ecological indicator values for habitats are much more significant factors for plant growth and community structure than the thickness of soil/peat horizons. Nevertheless, the litter and peat horizons in soils of drained Dryopteris site type forests is significantly thinner than in Oxalis and Myrtillus site type stands. The Dryopteris site type forests can be divided into six, the Oxalis site type forests into three, and the Myrtillus site type forests into two types of communities. Each of the 11 established community types differ significantly (p < 0.05) from each other and have their own dominant and significant indicator species. When comparing the Estonian old-drained forests with analogous stands in neighbouring countries (Latvia, Finland, Sweden, northwestern Russia) we can find rather large similarities; the typological differences result mainly from the methodological approaches and geographical scope of countries.

Key words: community types, drainage impact, Dryopteris forest site type, fern-rich forests, indicator species, Ellenberg indicator values, nutrition gradient.
Surface sterilization of English oak (Quercus robur L.) acorns using wet water steam
Authors: Vasinauskienė Regina , Silingiene Gerda , Sinkevičienė Jolanta
Published: May 2020

Effective and environmentally friendly methods of protection to reduce seed contamination from fungi are constantly sought. The use of thermal impulses of 100 °C wet water steam to reduce fungal contamination has not been sufficiently investigated, and the potential of this physical approach has not been estimated.The aim of the study was to investigate what impact 100 °C wet water steam with different time durations had on acorn contamination with fungi, acorn germination and biometric indicators of English oak (Quercus robur) seedlings during the first year of growth. Different treatment durations with wet water steam were used: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 s.Research showed that 6 seconds impact of wet steam on the surface of the oak acorn destroyed Alternaria spp., 8 seconds impact destroyed Penicillium spp. and 14 seconds impact destroyed Mucor spp. Using 14 seconds water steam treatment Penicillium, Alternaria and Mucor spp. fungi were eliminated.Wet water steam treatment for 2 - 4 seconds not only stimulated the acorns germination by 4.0 - 7.6%, but also had positive influence on the root collar diameter of seedlings. Wet water steam treatment for 2 - 12 seconds had a positive effect on the root development of oak seedlings, however, high temperature environment had a suppressive effect on the oak seedling height.

Keywords: biological control, wet water steam, fungi, oak acorns, seedling production
Moldova as a site of hybrid war from Russia: myth or reality? (or on some aspects of strengthening the Russian presence in the Republic of Moldova)
Authors: Kharyshyn Mykhailo
Published: May 2020

Russia’s violation of the permanent system of international relations formed after World War II, the creation of managed conflict situations (by the Russian Federation) in the post-Soviet space and their "settlement" trough Russian mediation, etc., require a thorough and comprehensive study of the nature of emerging challenges, the defining of their main criteria and the ways of their solutions. The article presents a unique experience of the Republic of Moldova, which has been in disintegration conditions for almost 30 years. In the author’s opinion, the attempts of its leaders to solve urgent problems with the help of Russia and the geopolitical effects of such efforts should set a clear example for Ukraine, which is currently in a state of war unleashed by the Kremlin. The purpose of the article is to carry out a deep and comprehensive analysis of the situation in Moldova and its possible repercussions in the future for both the Republic of Moldova and neighboring Ukraine. The paper identifies the origins of the conflict situation in the Transnistrian region of Moldova, the causes of the country's disintegration, the main stages and the influence of the permanent "settlement" of the Transnistrian problem under the scenario of Moscow on the overall situation in the country. The article analyzes the current state of political, economic, demographic, interdenominational, ethno-national, humanitarian and media situation in the Republic of Moldova as a result of the country's geopolitical and economic dependence on the Russian Federation. The article informs about the search by the Moldovan governmental circles for the optimal ways of the reintegration of Moldova, the overcoming of a deep and comprehensive crisis that has taken over all spheres of the country's life. The scientific justification of the Russian Federation's "right" to use force or coercion to peace of other countries for the protection and safety of its citizens abroad occupies an important place in the article. The work presents the practical results of the formation of a "real" basis for the use of military force by Russia on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. In this context, the main possible scenarios for the further development of Moldova as a state, their impact on the geopolitical situation in Ukraine and in the region as a whole are modeled by the author. It contains concrete proposals on the Ukraine’s countermeasures to prevent the negative aspects for Ukraine in case of further similar development of the situation in Moldova.
Prevalensi dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Wibisono Freshinta Jellia , Sumiarto Bambang , Untari Tri , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Permatasari Dian Ayu , Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari
Published: May 2020

Multidrug resistance is a problem that is difficult to overcome in terms of treating infectious diseases. Multidrug resistance is the term used to describe when a bacteria is resistant to three or more different classes of antibiotics. Escherichia coli as a commensal bacterium which has multidrug resistance, this causes more issues because Escherichia coli can transfer its resistant properties to other bacteria within the poultry digestive tract. The observational study is used to determine the risk factors and to estimate the quantitative effects arising from various components that contribute to the emergence of a disease. The sampling in this study was carried out randomly through cloaca swabs from commercial chicken farms in Blitar and 345 samples were collected. Complementary data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. The results showed the incidence of multidrug resistance in commercial chickens in the Blitar District was 72.5%. There is a relationship between causative factors with the incidence of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli bacteria that is significantly associated with positive risk factors. The strength of this relationship can be seen from the value of OR and RR, among others factors of chicken breed (OR = 3.07; RR = 1.34), breeder's education (OR = 2.3; RR = 1.29), type of livestock business (OR = 7.5; RR = 1.43), type of animal feed (OR = 1.91; RR = 1.2), veterinary support for livestock raising management (OR = 3.09; RR = 1.44). The reference variables are whether the antibiotics are administered by non-veterinarians (OR = 2.35) or by the TS (OR = 7.92), and whether there is an antibiotic administration program (OR = 3.16; RR = 1.47). The overseeing function of farm maintenance, management, and implementation of antimicrobial administration in commercial chicken farms needs to be improved, to increase breeders' awareness of the careful usage of antibiotics and controlling the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
Keracunan Parasetamol Pada Kucing Dan Anjing: Gejala Klinis dan Terapi
Authors: Yanuartono Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Raharjo Slamet , Purnamaningsih Hary , Haribowo Nurman
Published: May 2020

Acetaminophen, commonly known as paracetamol, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used in human medicine for its antipyretic and analgesic action. As paracetamol became readily available in many over-the-counter and no-prescription products, reports of paracetamol poisoning in dogs and cats became more common. The toxicity of paracetamol is more pronounced in cats when compared to dogs. Clinical signs of paracetamol toxicity include depression, weakness, tachypnea, dyspnea, vomiting, hypothermia, facial or paw edema, hepatic necrosis, and death. The characteristics of severe paracetamol poisoning are methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, anemia, and jaundice. Although there are no specific antidotes, acetylcysteine is the drug of choice for paracetamol poisoning treatment. Symptomatic and supportive therapies play a more definitive role in the management of paracetamol poisoning. This paper aims to briefly review the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of paracetamol poisoning in dogs and cats.
Dion Boucicault: showman and Shaughraun
Authors: Murphy Maureen
Published: May 2020

Dion Boucicault’s three Irish plays: The Colleen Bawn (1860), Arrah-na-Pogue (1864) and The Shaughraun (1874), while not critically significant, owe their perennial popularity to their appeal to Irish romantic nationalism and to their memorable character types. While Boucicault’s character Myles Murphy or Myles na gCopaleen (Myles of the Ponies), an example of his native Irish hero, was the first of a series of rogue heroes that John Millington Synge developed in his character of Christy Mahon, Boucicault also owes the character of Myles to American native heroes like Sam Patch, Davy Crockett and Mose the Bowery B’hoy. While the plays are not great drama, they are good theatre and a less self-conscious national theatre has found room for both Boucicault and Synge.
Review: Lanters, José. The theatre of Thomas Kilroy: no absolutes. Cork UP, 2018
Authors: Duncan Dawn
Published: May 2020

For anyone studying contemporary theatre, José Lanters’ new book on Thomas Kilroy is essential.  Lanters examines Kilroy’s writing and theatrical process for ten plays, positioning him as an Irish writer who blends global influences, works cooperatively with production teams, and is postmodern in thematic sensibility and experimental stylizing. She divides the study of these plays into three sections: “Nationalism and Identity,” “Gender and Sexuality,” and “Art and Mysticism.”
One Hundred Years of Socialism
Authors: Sassoon Donald
Published: May 2020

On 14 July 1889, the centenary of the French Revolution, socialist parties from all corners of Europe met in Paris. On the same day in the same city, the Exposition Universelle was launched to mark the achievements of capitalist production. The two events symbolized the beginning of the epic struggle between socialism and capitalism in Europe. In this comprehensive study of a century of socialism, the author traces the fortunes of the political parties of the Left in Western Europe. From the rise of the Bolsheviks to the fall of the Berlin wall, from the Second International through two world wars to the Cold War and the birth of the welfare state, from the working class militancy and student uprisings of the 1960s, through the revival of feminism and the arrival of "green" politics, to the reluctant embrace of market economics en route to the millennium, Donald Sassoon charts the course of socialism across 14 countries. He shows that throughout their history the fortunes of socialism and capitalism have been inextricably linked. They have grown up side by side, each one challenging and seeking to destroy, yet nourishing and shaping the other.
Deleuze Reframed
Authors: Sutton Damian , Martin-Jones David
Published: May 2020

Are your students baffled by Baudrillard? Dazed by Deleuze? Confused by Kristeva? Other beginners’ guides can feel as impenetrable as the original texts to students who ‘think in images’. “Contemporary Thinkers Reframed” instead uses the language of the arts to explore the usefulness in practice of complex ideas. Short, contemporary and accessible, these lively books utilise actual examples of artworks, films, television shows, works of architecture, fashion and even computer games to explain and explore the work of the most commonly taught thinkers. Conceived specifically for the visually minded, the series will prove invaluable to students right across the visual arts. Deleuze disdains easy answers. Yet easy answers to Deleuze are what students need. Without reducing Deleuze’s complex body of thought to simplistic solutions, this very contemporary guide leads the reader into the world of Deleuze's spiralling thought through concrete examples from art, film, TV and even computer games.

From ‘Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind’ and ‘The Cell’ to ‘Pac Man’ and ‘Doom’ and from the work of Matthew Barney and Helen Chadwick to ‘Lost’ and ‘Doctor Who’, this easily digestible introduction looks at the key ideas promoted by Deleuze, both in his own work and in his notoriously difficult collaborations with Felix Guattari, to make them both fresh and relevant to the visual arts today.
Heidegger Reframed
Authors: Bolt Barbara
Published: May 2020

It is frequently commented that Heidegger writes impenetrable texts that are difficult to read and comprehend, but he also, as Barbara Bolt demonstrates in this clear, original guide to his oeuvre, provides an “artists’ guide to the world”. ‘Heidegger Reframed’ grounds Heidegger’s writings in the critical questions confronting contemporary visual artists and students of art. Barbara Bolt takes the most relevant of his texts, including his most famous work, ‘Being and Time’, and sets out ways of thinking about art in a post-medium, digital, technocratic and post-human age. She does so through the frame of works by international artists, including Sophie Calle, Anish Kapoor and Anselm Keifer. A glossary of terms completes this full and clear companion to Heidegger.
Lyotard Reframed
Authors: Jones Graham
Published: May 2020

Lyotard's claims concerning the postmodern have often been misunderstood or misrepresented. Lyotard Reframed provides an analysis of Lyotard's most influential writings on the postmodern alongside a detailed commentary on his broader philosophy, demonstrating and clarifying his work's ongoing relevance to creative endeavour and debates concerning the value and significance of the visual arts. It also situates Lyotard's discussion of the postmodern within the context of his other key concepts: the figural, the libidinal and the sublime. Accessible in style and approach, Lyotard Reframed employs numerous examples drawn from the arts to critically examine and evaluate the nature, history and significance of these important concepts and explore their respective links with phenomenology, Marxism, structuralism, psychoanalysis and deconstruction.
Race: Antiquity and its Legacy
Authors: McCoskey Denise Eileen
Published: May 2020

How do different cultures think about race? In the modern era, racial distinctiveness has been assessed primarily in terms of a person’s physical appearance. But it was not always so. As Denise McCoskey shows, the ancient Greeks and Romans did not use skin colour as the basis for categorising ethnic disparity. The colour of one’s skin lies at the foundation of racial variability today because it was used during the heyday of European exploration and colonialism to construct a hierarchy of civilizations and then justify slavery and other forms of economic exploitation. Assumptions about race thus have to take into account factors other than mere physiognomy. This is particularly true in relation to the classical world. In fifth century Athens, racial theory during the Persian Wars produced the categories ‘Greek’ and ‘Barbarian’, and set them in brutal opposition to one another: a process that could be as intense and destructive as ‘black and ‘white’ in our own age. Ideas about race in antiquity were therefore completely distinct but as closely bound to political and historical contexts as those that came later.

This provocative book boldly explores the complex matrices of race - and the differing interpretations of ancient and modern – across epic, tragedy and the novel. Ranging from Theocritus to Toni Morrison, and from Tacitus and Pliny to Bernal’s seminal study Black Athena, this is a powerful and original new assessment.
Nazi Buildings, Cold War Traces and Governmentality in Post-Unification Berlin
Authors: Copley Clare
Published: May 2020

Bringing together approaches from cultural and urban history, as well as German studies and political theory, Clare Copley’s probing study reflects on post-unification responses to iconic Nazi architecture to reveal insights into power, legitimacy and memory politics in the Berlin Republic.

Analysing public debates, physical interventions into the buildings and the structuring of the memory landscapes around them, the book demonstrates that the politics of memory impact not just upon the built environment of the post-dictatorship city, but upon the way decisions about it are made. In doing so, Nazi Buildings, Cold War Traces and Governmentality in Post-Unification Berlin makes the case for conceiving of a specifically ‘post-authoritarian’ governmentality and uses the responses to constructions like Göring’s Aviation Ministry, Tempelhof Airport and the Olympic complex to explore its features.
The Fifth Notebook of Dylan Thomas
Authors: Goodby John , Osbourne Adrian
Published: May 2020

Between May 1930 and August 1935, Dylan Thomas kept numerous notebooks of poems. They contain the drafts of almost all of the work that would form his first two reputation-making collections, 18 Poems (1934) and Twenty-five Poems (1936), and many of those in his third collection, The Map of Love(1939). Thomas sold four of the notebooks, spanning May 1930 to May 1934, to the University of Buffalo in 1941. However, the existence of a fifth notebook, covering the period July 1934 to August 1935, was unknown until 2014, the centenary of his birth.
The Fifth Notebook of Dylan Thomas makes this newly-discovered text available to readers and researchers for the first time. It contains the only existing MSS versions of Thomas’s most challenging poems, ‘I, in my intricate image’ and ‘Altarwise by owl-light’, and seventeen other early poems. It contains facsimiles and full transcripts of the originals, is annotated throughout, and has a full scholarly introduction. Exploring the contexts of these brilliant and experimental lyrics – many with substantial reworkings and variant passages – this landmark publication sheds new light on the creative practice of one of the most important and well-known poets of the twentieth century.