bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypothyroid symptoms and the likelihood of overt thyroid failure: a population-based case–control study
Authors: Carlé Allan , Pedersen Inge Bülow , Knudsen Nils , Perrild Hans , Ovesen Lars , Laurberg Peter
Published: October 2014

Background

It is generally accepted that patients suffering from hypothyroidism may express few symptoms, but this has not been studied in a population-based study design.

Objectives

To study the array of symptoms as they are reported in newly diagnosed overt autoimmune hypothyroidism using a population-based case–control design.

Methods

Patients with new overt autoimmune hypothyroidism (n=140) and their individually matched thyroid disease-free controls (n=560) recruited from the same population underwent a comprehensive program and self-reported a number of symptoms. We identified the symptoms associated with overt hypothyroidism and calculated positive (LR+) and negative (LR−) likelihood ratios as well as diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) as measures for the association between disease state and symptoms.

Results

Among 34 symptoms investigated, 13 symptoms were statistically overrepresented in hypothyroidism. Hypothyroid patients suffered mostly from tiredness (81%), dry skin (63%), and shortness of breath (51%). Highest DORs (95% CI) were reported for tiredness (5.94 (3.70–9.60)), hair loss (4.58 (2.80–7.51)), and dry skin (4.09 (2.73–6.16)). A hypothyroidism-component-score was defined as the number of hypothyroidism-associated symptoms (range: 0–13). LR+ for participants with a hypothyroidism-component-score of 0 was 0.21 (0.09–0.39), meaning that the post-test probability was lowered to 21% of what it was before asking for symptoms. LR+ for scores of 1–2/3/4–6/7–9/10–13 were: 0.47 (0.30–0.72)/1.16 (0.70–1.87)/1.90 (1.29–2.45)/3.52 (2.30–5.36)/6.29 (2.30–17.7).

Conclusions

None of the individual symptoms of hypothyroidism had high LRs or DORs. Thus, neither the presence nor absence of any individual hypothyroidism symptom was reliable in the decision making of who should have their thyroid function tested. Therefore, even minor suspicion should lead to a blood test.
Effect of storage in overcoming seed dormancy of Annona coriacea Mart. seeds
Authors: DRESCH DAIANE M. , SCALON SILVANA P.Q. , MASETTO TATHIANA E.
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-treatments on overcoming dormancy of A. coriacea seeds. Seeds were processed and stored in polyethylene bags at temperatures of at -18°C (42% RH), 5°C (34% RH), 15°C (60% RH) and 25°C (34% RH), during 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days. After storage, seeds were immersed in 350 mg.L−1 gibberellic acid for 144 hours. Sowing was carried out in plastic bags containing Red Latosol + Bioplant®. Moisture content, emergence percentage, emergence speed index, length and dry mass of seedlings, were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial with four replications of 50 seeds each. The seed storage at 5°C and subsequent immersion in gibberellic acid was efficient to reach high percentage, emergence speed and plant growth. A. coriacea seeds showed non-deep simple morphophysiological dormancy wherein the physiological component can be overcome after the seeds are storage at 5°C for a maximum period of 53 days and subsequent immersed in exogenous GA (350 mg.L−1 for 144 hours).
Seasonal changes of water quality in a tropical shallow and eutrophic reservoir in the metropolitan region of Recife (Pernambuco-Brazil)
Authors: OLIVEIRA FÁBIO H.P.C. DE , ARA ANDRÉ L.S. CAPELA E , MOREIRA CESAR H.P. , LIRA OSMAN O. , PADILHA MARIA DO ROSÁRIO F. , SHINOHARA NEIDE K.S.
Published: October 2014

This study investigated the water quality in an urban eutrophic reservoir in Northeastern Brazil, considering the influence of seasonality. Monthly, samples were collected in the sub-surface reservoir. The following abiotic variables were analyzed: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, apparent color, turbidity, conductivity, fluoride, total nitrogen, chlorides, total dissolved solids, total hardness, iron, copper, manganese, aluminum, chlorophyll-a and phaeophytin. Total and thermotolerant coliforms were analyzed according to APHA (2012). Cyanobacteria density was quantified through its biomass. The data were analyzed using one- way ANOVA and Pearson correlation test. Higher values mean phytoplankton biomass (26.3mm3.L–1) occurred in the dry season, especially Planktothrix agardhii and Geiterinema amphibium, which occurred in 100% of samples. High trophic state index was detected throughout the year. Seasonality exerted some influence on both biotic and abiotc variables, leading to changes in water quality of the reservoir.
Japan and India: soft balancing as a reaction to China's rise?
Authors: Amorim Wellington , Silva Antonio Henrique Lucena da
Published: October 2014

What are Indian and Japanese reactions to China's rise in economic, political and military terms? According to realist tradition, their option would be between balancing and bandwagoning. Applying Stephen Walt's balance of threats approach, this work aims to analyze Indian and Japan responses to an increasingly powerful China; its conclusions point to an evolving relationship between India and Japan, in military terms, especially after 2005.
The international implications of the Chinese model of development in the Global South: Asian Consensus as a network power
Authors: Vadell Javier , Ramos Leonardo , Neves Pedro
Published: October 2014

This paper analyzes People's Republic of China (PRC) economic and political ascendance in the 21st century focusing on the evolution of the sui generis economic development model and its significances of the evolution of relationship between China and the developing countries in the peripheral "Global South." The objective of this article is to analyze the relationship between China and the Global South (Africa and South America) in the 21st century, characterized as a new Center-periphery global network power based on trade and investment that we call as "Asian Consensus."
The tale of a Trojan horse or the quest for market access? China and the World Trade Organization
Authors: Kerckhoven Sven Van , Luyten Adriaan
Published: October 2014

In 2001, China finally joined the WTO. The accession of China was looked forward to by many WTO members and China itself. However, observers had some fears that the Chinese accession would prove to be a Trojan horse, disrupting the working of the WTO. This paper looks into the Chinese accession and its involvement in the WTO Dispute Settlement and argues that these fears seem so far to be unfounded.
Peaceful rise and the limits of Chinese exceptionalism
Authors: Vaz-Pinto Raquel
Published: October 2014

Throughout the last thirty years of opening to the world Beijing has stressed that its rise will be peaceful and that, from a strategic point of view, China is exceptional. There are many challenges facing Beijing's response to the US rebalancing to the Asia-Pacific, but we consider that the ones with greater impact are, in point of fact, of a domestic nature and constitute limits to Chinese exceptionalism.
Macau in China's relations with the lusophone world
Authors: Mendes Carmen Amado
Published: October 2014

After the transfer of the Portuguese administration to China, Macau kept its role as a bridge between East and West, inspired in the Portuguese settlement 500 years ago. The pragmatism of the Chinese central government, using the Lusophone specificities of this Special Administrative Region, supported the creation of the Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries, reviving the statute of the Portuguese language and culture in its own territory.
Muddle or march: China and the 21st century Concert of Powers
Authors: Mao Weizhun
Published: October 2014

Concert of Powers has emerged as an attractive modality in global governance. As an emerging power, China must seriously take this template into account. This article seeks to analyze the incentives, possibilities, and uncertainties for China to participate in Concert with reference to China's history memory on Concert, China's intellectual endeavors, as well as China's evolving foreign preferences. It concludes that China is generally qualified and capable of being a key participant in Concert of Powers with increasing willingness. Yet, China's involvement depends on 1) if Concert template can overcome its own deficiencies; 2) if Concert have competitive advantages compared with other governance alternatives for China; and 3) if China can keep its momentum on both willingness and capacity in power transition.
Use of functional bandages in patients with stroke
Authors: Mota Dreyzialle Vila Nova , Silva Lícia Vasconcelos Carvalho da
Published: October 2014

Introduction Functional bandages have been used in physiotherapeutic practice with the purpose of minimizing disabilities and favoring functional improvement. However, there is still a shortage of research regarding the use of these devices in patients with neurological sequelae, especially those resulting from stroke. Objective To report the motor evolution of patients living with sequelae of stroke, who have been submitted to the use of functional bandages associated with conventional physical therapy. Materials and methods We assessed the active range of motion, strength and degree of spasticity in the flexor and extensor muscles of the wrist and elbow joints, and functionality of the upper limb during the performance of daily activities at the first and the twentieth session of conventional physical therapy associated with the use of functional bandages. Results There was an increase in range of motion and muscle strength of patients, and reduction in spasticity of the wrist and elbow flexor muscles. Conversely, the functionality scores remained similar before and after treatment. Conclusion The subjects of this study showed a good evolution in the aspects studied. Thus, the use of functional bandages associated with conventional physical therapy seems to contribute to the rehabilitation of patients with stroke sequelae. Further research needs to be conducted in order to increase the scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of functional bandages in the treatment of patients with stroke sequelae.
Perception of the Family Health Program professionals about the need for insertion of physiotherapist in the team
Authors: Ferretti Fátima , Lima Lisiele , Zuffo Aline
Published: October 2014

Introduction Although the physiotherapist is provided by the Nucleus of support to family health (NSFH), is not expected in the Family Health Strategy team and, to this inclusion occur exist the need to reformulate the process of education in this area. Objective To know the professionals' perception of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) about the need for insertion of the physiotherapist in the team. Materials and methods A qualitative study in which data collection was carried out with interviews and field diary with subsequent content analysis. Results and discussions The team affirms the need for insertion of the physiotherapist in the strategy, but their perception is that the therapist acts in the secondary and tertiary care. Final considerations Therefore, it emphasizes the need for restructuring of educational projects to generate new knowledge that will bring the teaching-service, prioritizing a model of care focused on integral health care of the individual and the community, improving the education of physiotherapists for UHS.
Absenteeism for low back pain in the municipal administration of Goiânia in the years 2008 and 2009
Authors: Ribeiro Cristina Aparecida Neves , Moreira Demóstenes
Published: October 2014

Objective To establish and evaluate the indicators of absenteeism for low back pain among municipal public servants of the city of Goiania in 2008 and 2009. Material and methods This is a descriptive, epidemiological, retrospective study. We used secondary data provided by the Municipal Medical Board of Goiânia. The sample was composed by active, statutory and commissioned civil servants of the executive branch, of both sexes, who took sick leaves for health care in the period from January 2008 to December 2009. We analyzed all cases of sick leave for health care which were taken for a period of more than 3 days and caused by low back pain. Frequency and severity indexes, proportion of lost time and average length of absences were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results 625 sick leaves were analyzed. In 2008, 32% of public servants took sick leave for health care. 2.83% of these leaves were for low back pain, generating 3541 days of absence. In 2009, the total percentage of sick leaves was 30%. 5.38% of these were due to low back pain, leading to 6890 lost working days. The indicators of absenteeism for 2008 and 2009 were, respectively: frequency index = 0.009 and 0.015; severity index = 0.14 and 0.26, proportion of lost time = 13.89% and 27.34%; average length of absences = 16.39 and 16.84 days. Conclusion The results indicate the need for the creation of intervention policies on work organization, since low back pain is a disorder that can be prevented at the primary level.
Inspiratory muscle strength in subjects with tetraplegia: viability of evaluation through the measurement of maximal inspiratory pressure
Authors: Moreno Marlene Aparecida , Paris Juliana Viana , Pereira Raphael do Nascimento , Zamunér Antonio Roberto , Camargo Tais Mendes de , Barros Ricardo Machado Leite de
Published: October 2014

Objective To analyze the values of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) and to verify the existence of concordance between the two evaluation methodologies, in subjects with tetraplegia. Materials and methods Cross-sectional study with 17 tetraplegic men, aged 30.42 ± 7.67 years, who underwent MIP and SNIP evaluation using a respiratory pressure meter. Results The MIP and SNIP values obtained showed no difference when compared to each other (88.42 ± 29.39 vs. 86.68 ± 25.40 cmH2O, respectively). They were, however, significantly lower compared to the predicted values (MIP = 128.92 ± 7.18; SNIP = 114.11 ± 3.19 cmH2O), with the MIP values presenting correlation (r2 = 0.94; p < 0.0001) and concordance with those of the SNIP. Conclusions Both the MIP and SNIP values obtained were lower than the predicted values, indicating a reduction in inspiratory muscle strength (IMS). Both techniques showed correlation and concordance, suggesting that MIP can be used as a noninvasive method for IMS evaluation in this population.
Effect of peripheral muscle fatigue during the testing of handgrip strength
Authors: Fernandes Alex de Andrade , Brito Ciro José , Vieira Breno Cesar , Marins João Carlos Bouzas
Published: October 2014

Introduction Muscle fatigue is a phenomenon associated with physical work. It is common in endurance sports, physical fitness tests and daily activities. Some tests can be directly affected by the effect of peripheral muscle fatigue, including the handgrip strength (HGS) test, which is considered baseline measure for assessing the functionality of the hand. Objectives a) verify the effect of peripheral muscle fatigue (between trials) during the testing of HGS, with a 60-second recovery interval; b) to analyze whether there is a difference in considering the mean value obtained in three trials or the best result as the final result. Materials and methods The final sample comprised 1,279 men. We followed the standard methodology and used a hydraulic hand dynamometer. Results There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the dominant hand among all the trials: first (46.5 ± 8.6 Kgf), second (46.4 ± 8.5 Kgf) and third (46.1 ± 8.6 Kgf); and also in the non-dominant hand: first (44.9 ± 8.4 Kgf), second (44.5 ± 8.3 Kgf) and third (44.0 ± 8.3 Kgf). We also found statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between the two ways of considering the final result. For the dominant hand, the mean of the three attempts was 46.3 ± 8.3 Kgf and the best result was 48.1 ± 8.5 Kgf, whereas for the non-dominant hand, these results were 44.5 ± 8.2 Kgf and 46.0 ± 8.2 kgf, respectively. Conclusion Peripheral muscle fatigue directly interferes in the final result. A significant reduction in strength levels occurs in course of the assessment. The best result is frequently obtained at the first trial, which indicates that the highest value obtained should be considered as the final result.
Prevalence of postural alterations in students of Basic Education in the city of Vila Velha, Espírito Santo state, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Paula Lopes , Yamada Eloá Ferreira
Published: October 2014

Introduction Human posture goes through a series of changes in the course of body growth and development, i.e., in childhood and adolescence. Moreover, during these phases, individuals are subject to risk behaviors for spinal problems, especially those related to the use of backpacks and to poor sitting posture. Objective This study aimed to detect the prevalence of postural alterations in school children enrolled in the UMEF Vila Olímpica, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo. Methods We evaluated 513 schoolchildren in the orthostatic position and in the anterior, posterior and side view. The following structures were analyzed: head, shoulder, the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine, pelvis and lower limbs. Results There was a high prevalence of postural deviations: rotated or tilted head, elevated shoulder and pelvis, valgus or varus knee, head protraction, alterations of the thoracic spine, anteriorized shoulders, pelvis in anteversion, knees semiflexion or hyperextension and cavus or planus feet. Conclusion Our results suggest that there is a high prevalence of postural alterations in students in the school network of Vila Velha (ES). This could be detected through public health policies, such as the federal government´s Health at School Program (PSE).
Isokinetic performance, functionality, and pain level before and after lumbar and pelvic estabilization exercise in individuals with chronic low back pain
Authors: Melo Filho Jarbas , Eduardo Fernanda Maria Cercal , Moser Auristela Duarte de Lima
Published: October 2014

Introduction Chronic low back pain with a mechanical and degenerative origin is among the most common symptoms experienced by people all over the world. Objective To analyze the effects of a protocol for lumbar and pelvic segmental stabilization with regard to isokinetic variables, functionality, and pain in patients with low back pain. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 21 subjects, 8 female and 13 male, with a mean age of 42.6 ± 12.5 years. We used tests for mobility (modified Schober index), flexibility (finger-floor distance), functionality (Roland-Morris questionnaire), pain (Visual Analog Scale of Pain), and the isokinetic variables torque peak, work, flexors/extensors ratio before and after application of a protocol for segmental stabilization in subjects with chronic low back pain with a mechanical and degenerative origin. This protocol was used for two months, being applied twice a week. The data were statistically tested by means of the software Statistica, version 8.0. Results There were significant improvements for the variables flexibility (p = 0.014), functionality (p < 0.001), pain level (p < 0.001), torque peak flexion (p = 0.008), torque peak range (p < 0.001), torque flexion (p = 0.001), torque range (p < 0.001), and flexors/extensors ratio (p = 0.001). Conclusion Even with the improved levels of trunk muscles strength, both flexors and extensors, it was not possible to rebalance the segment according to data available in the literature. It is believed that there is a need for a protocol with a longer application period, maintaining the recruitment of extensor muscles. Regarding mobility of the lumbar segment, the protocol showed no significant differences in post-treatment (p = 0.520). This may be attributed to improved muscle control, providing the increased passive stiffness required to promote stability.
Associated laparoscopic-assisted gastropexy and ovariohisterectomy in a Great Dane bitch
Authors: Pinto Filho Saulo Tadeu Lemos , Dalmolin Fabíola , Oliveira Marília Teresa de , Souza Fernando Wiecheteck de , Sprada Arícia Gomes , Rosa Matheus Pippi da , Feranti João Pedro Scussel , Brun Mauricio Veloso
Published: October 2014

Gastropexy techniques are performed aiming to adhere permanently the stomach to the abdomen, being this one of the most common indications for prevention and treatment of gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV). The only accepted method for the prevention of GDV is the prophylactic gastropexy, and the laparoscopic-assisted procedure is quick and easy to perform. It is aimed to report the association of laparoscopic-assisted prophylactic gastropexyand elective ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in a two years old Great dane bitch using the two-portals access, when it was observed rapid and complete recovery. It is concluded that the two portals laparoscopic-assisted prophylactic gastropexy is feasible and safe in dogs, when combined with elective OVH. It makes the technique a suitable option for prevention of GDV in predisposed breeds
Densidade de semeadura de duas espécies de ervilhaca sobre caracteres agronômicos e composição bromatológica
Authors: Ortiz Sidney , Martin Thomas Newton , Brum Marcos da Silva , Nunes Nathália Vasconcelos , Stecca Jessica Deolinda Leivas , Ludwig Rodrigo Luiz
Published: October 2014

O estande de plantas é um dos principais componentes do rendimento que altera a produtividade das culturas, maximizando o ambiente produtivo para a cultura. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a produção de forragem e a composição química de duas espécies de ervilhaca em diferentes densidades de semeadura. O experimento foi conduzido no ano de 2011, em área experimental do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Os tratamentos constaram de duas espécies de ervilhaca (ervilhaca peluda e ervilhaca comum) em quatro densidades de semeadura (50, 100, 150 e 200 sementes m-2). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao caso, disposto em fatorial (2x4), em quatro repetições. Os valores de FDA aumentaram conforme o aumento da densidade de semeadura, o que não ocorreu para as demais características bromatológicas avaliadas. A densidade ótima de semeadura deve ser ajustada conforme a espécie e o corte, variando de 66 a 200 sementes viáveis por metro quadrado. A produção de massa seca total é maximizada quando a densidade de semeadura for de 136 sementes viáveis m-2
Diagnose visual de deficiencia de nutrientes em mudas de Bombacopsis glabra
Authors: Camacho Marcos Antonio , Camara Ana Paula , Zardin Andrei Rodriguez
Published: October 2014

Bombacopsis glabra é uma espécie ornamental arbórea utilizada em programas de recuperação de áreas degradadas e composição paisagística. o conhecimento sintomatológico da deficiência nutricional apresentados por essa espécie possibilita a identificação e a correção em exemplares plantados. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se identificar sintomas visuais de deficiência nutricional em mudas de Bombacopsis glabra. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições e nove tratamentos, sendo um completo e com omissão individual de N, P, K, Mg, S, Fe, B e Zn. Com exceção ao tratamento de omissão de K, em todos os outros tratamentos foram evidenciados sintomas de deficiência nutricional. Dentre os sintomas diagnosticados, a clorose foi um sintoma característico nos tratamentos com omissão de N, Mg, S e Zn, alternando apenas a intensidade e órgãos afetados. A omissão de boro foi caracterizada por folhas necrosadas e crestamento. A omissão de K provocou diminuição na massa seca das mudas, contudo as mesmas não manifestaram sintomas visuais, o que pode estar associado a um estoque de K na semente suficiente para o desenvolvimento inicial das mudas.
Retratibilidade da madeira de Toona ciliata M. Roem proveniente de três municípios do sul de Minas Gerais
Authors: Ribeiro Alessandra de Oliveira , Mendes Rafael Farinassi , Mendes Lourival Marin , Mori Fábio Akira , Ziech Raiana Quirino de Souza
Published: October 2014

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a retratibilidade, nos sentidos base-topo e medula-casca, da madeira do Cedro australiano proveniente de três municípios do Sul do estado de Minas Gerais, além ainda de verificar a variação na constituição química da madeira, em decorrência da localidade de plantio. A madeira de Cedro australiano foi obtida com quatro anos de idade e em três municípios da região sul do estado de Minas Gerais (Campo Belo, Cana Verde e Santo Antônio do Amparo). Foram determinados os constituintes químicos da madeira, os valores de retratibilidade (tangencial, radial, longitudinal e volumétrica) e o coeficiente de anisotropia. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que não houve variação significativa dos teores de holocelulose, lignina, extrativos e cinzas, entre as três localidades de plantios avaliadas. Para as retratibilidades da madeira no sentido base-topo, não houve variação significativa das contrações radial e longitudinal para as três localidades avaliadas. Contudo, foi observada variação significativa para as contrações tangencial e volumétrica para as localidades de Campo Belo e Cana Verde, e variação significativa da contração tangencial para o plantio de Santo Antonio do Amparo. Na direção medula-casca, foi observada variação significativa apenas da contração radial e do coeficiente de anisotropia para a localidade de Cana Verde.
Woods with physical, mechanical and acoustic properties similar to those of Caesalpinia echinata have high potential as alternative woods for bow makers
Authors: Longui Eduardo Luiz , Lima Israel Luiz de , Lombardi Daniel Romeu , Garcia José Nivaldo , Alves Edenise Segala
Published: October 2014

For nearly two hundred years, Caesalpinia echinata wood has been the standard for modern bows. However, the threat of extinction and the enforcement of trade bans have required bow makers to seek alternative woods. The hypothesis tested was that woods with physical, mechanical and acoustic properties similar to those of C. echinata would have high potential as alternative woods for bows. Accordingly, were investigated Handroanthus spp., Mezilaurus itauba, Hymenaea spp., Dipteryx spp., Diplotropis spp. and Astronium lecointei. Handroanthus and Diplotropis have the greatest number of similarities with C. echinata, but only Handroanthus spp. showed significant results in actual bow manufacture, suggesting the importance of such key properties as specific gravity, speed of sound propagation and modulus of elasticity. In practice, Handroanthus and Dipteryx produced bows of quality similar to that of C. echinata.
Atividade enzimática durante a germinação de sementes de Melanoxylon brauna schott sob diferentes temperaturas
Authors: Flores Andressa Vasconcelos , Borges Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e , Guimarães Valéria Monteze , Gonçalves José Francisco de Carvalho , Ataíde Glauciana da Mata , Barros Daniela de Pádua
Published: October 2014

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, investigar o efeito da temperatura sobre o metabolismo oxidativo, por meio da atividade das enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), ascorbato peroxidase (APX) e catalase (CAT) no eixo embrionário e no endosperma micropilar de sementes de Melanoxylon brauna Schott, durante a germinação. As sementes foram semeadas em rolos de papel germitest umedecidos com água destilada e submetidas às temperaturas constantes de 15, 25, 30 e 40ºC, durante 10 dias. As determinações das atividades das enzimas SOD, APX e CAT foram feitas nas sementes colocadas para germinar sob as mesmas condições descritas acima e a cada 12 horas foram retiradas amostras até a protrusão radicular de 50% das sementes ou 168 horas para a temperatura de 15ºC. Não foram detectadas atividades das enzimas SOD, APX e CAT no endosperma micropilar nas diferentes temperaturas. No eixo embrionário, as atividades das enzimas SOD e CAT apresentaram maiores alterações ao longo da germinação em 15ºC e 40ºC, demonstrando que temperaturas estressantes provocam danos oxidativos. A atividade da enzima APX, no eixo embrionário, não foi afetada pela temperatura ao longo da germinação e sua atividade foi extremamente baixa.
Modificação da cor original da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis através de tratamentos termorretificadores
Authors: Garcia Rosilei Aparecida , Lopes Juliana de Oliveira , Santos Wanessa Aparecida
Published: October 2014

Neste estudo, objetivou-se determinar a modificação da cor original da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden após a termorretificação. Amostras de madeira foram termorretificadas sob diferentes condições de temperatura (180, 200, 215 e 230ºC) e tempo (15 minutos, 2 e 4 horas). As análises colorimétricas foram realizadas por meio do sistema CIE L*a*b* com o auxílio do espectrofotômetro Color Eye XTH-X-Rite 200d. Todos os tratamentos termorretificadores causaram uma alteração na cor original da madeira. As madeiras termorretificadas apresentaram menores valores de L* (luminosidade), quando comparadas à madeira não tratada (controle), caracterizando o escurecimento da madeira, principalmente para as condições mais severas de temperatura e tempo. As coordenadas cromáticas a* e b* apresentaram comportamentos diferentes, dependendo da combinação temperatura-tempo. A modificação da cor original da madeira possibilitou a criação de novos padrões de cor, podendo agregar maior valor à madeira estudada.
Caracterização colorimétrica das madeiras de três espécies florestais da amazônia
Authors: Barros Sâmia Valéria dos Santos , Muniz Graciela Inês Bolzon de , Matos Jorge Luís Monteiro de
Published: October 2014

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar a variabilidade da cor da madeira nas seções anatômicas (radial, tangencial e transversal) das espécies Breu-vermelho, Tauari-vermelho e Pequiarana, por meio de colorimetria quantitativa, utilizando o sistema CIELAB de cores. As espécies são provenientes da área de exploração florestal da empresa Mil Madeiras Preciosas, localizada no município de Itacoatiara/AM. Foram selecionadas 5 amostras da madeira de cada espécie, sendo determinados os parâmetros colorimétricos: L*, a*, b*, C e h*. Foram realizadas 225 medições no total, por meio do espectrofotômetro Konica Minolta CM-5 acoplado ao computador. As espécies Breu-vermelho, Tauari-vermelho e Pequiarana apresentaram diferenças estatísticas nos parâmetros colorimétricos, e baixa saturação na coordenada a*. De acordo com agrupamento de Cluster, a madeira de Breu-vermelho é oliva e/ou rosa-acinzentada, Tauari-vermelho é cinza-rosado e Pequiarana é rosa-acinzentado e/ou cinza-rosado. As espécies florestais apresentaram diferença de cor entre os planos anatômicos (radial, tangencial e transversal), sendo influenciados pela coloração amarela, definida no parâmetro b*. A utilização da colorimetria para conhecimento da cor da madeira mostrou-se de aplicação simples e podendo ser empregada desde o desdobro da tora, até aproveitamento final, com possibilidade de agregação de valor ao produto.
Crescimento inicial de Stryphnodendron polyphylum (Mart.) em resposta à adubação com N e P
Authors: Souza Natália Hilgert de , Marchetti Marlene Estevão , Carnevali Thiago de Oliveira , Ramos Diovany Doffinger , Scalon Silvana de Paula Quintão , Oliveira Maiby Teodoro de
Published: October 2014

O barbatimão é uma importante espécie nativa do Cerrado, com potencial econômico e de restauração de áreas degradadas, no entanto, são escassos estudos agronômicos com a espécie, principalmente no que se refere à adubação com nitrogênio e fósforo em solos de Cerrado. Assim, objetivou-se estudar o crescimento inicial e índice SPAD em função de doses de N e P em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em vasos de 8 dm³ e mantidos em casa de vegetação. Foram estudadas quatro doses de N (0; 20,82; 41,64 e 62,46 mg.kg-1 de N) e quatro doses de P (0; 41,72; 83,44 e 125,16 mg.kg-1 de P2O5), em esquema fatorial 4x4, no delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Decorridos 210 dias após a semeadura mediu-se a altura, o diâmetro do caule, teor indireto de clorofila das folhas, massa seca da parte aérea e radicular e teor de N foliar. A adubação nitrogenada e fosfatada proporcionou maior incremento para todas as características avaliadas.
Variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos do solo em povoamento de Tectona grandis
Authors: Pelissari Allan Libanio , Caldeira Sidney Fernando , Santos Vanderley Severino dos
Published: October 2014

Considerando a necessidade por informações que visem a identificar e medir as relações espaciais dos fatores edáficos que limitam o desenvolvimento dos povoamentos de teca, neste trabalho, objetivou-se caracterizar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos pH, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, matéria orgânica e alumínio do solo e compará-las em dois períodos de avaliação, ao segundo e nono ano de idade, de um povoamento de teca no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foram alocadas 46 unidades amostrais e coletadas amostras de solo, a 0-0,2 m de profundidade, para a posterior modelagem geoestatística. Foram observadas alterações espaciais dos atributos químicos do solo entre as avaliações, o que permite recomendar adubações e correções de acidez do solo em regiões específicas da área florestada, visando ao estabelecimento dos indivíduos pós-plantio e o desenvolvimento daqueles conduzidos pós-desbastes.
Estimativas de índice de área foliar de plantios de Eucalyptus spp. segundo três alternativas metodológicas
Authors: Cantinho Roberta Zecchini , Ponzoni Flávio Jorge , Santos Sandra Benfica dos
Published: October 2014

Foram realizadas estimativas de Índice de Área Foliar (IAF) e de Índice de Área de Vegetação (IAV) em 36 parcelas posicionadas em plantios de Eucalyptus sp. localizados nos municípios de Aracruz e São Mateus (ES), de propriedade da empresa FIBRIA S/A, mediante a aplicação de três diferentes técnicas: método destrutivo, processamento de fotografias hemisféricas tomadas no interior dos dosséis e utilização do equipamento LAI-2000 (LICOR). As coletas de dados em campo foram realizadas em duas épocas do ano, procurando explorar diferenças fenológicas atuantes principalmente sobre os valores de IAF e de IAV. As estimativas de IAF efetuadas a partir do método destrutivo, em termos absolutos, foram sempre superiores àquelas do IAV efetuadas a partir dos métodos indiretos. No período chuvoso, as relações entre as estimativas de IAF e de IAV, para ambos os métodos indiretos, foram mais fortes e consistentes do que aquelas verificadas no período mais seco do ano. As relações entre as estimativas de IAV efetuadas pelos dois métodos indiretos (fotografias e LAI-2000) foram consistentes e com grau de aderência mais elevado do que aquelas verificadas entre o IAF e IAV.
Frequência espaço-temporal dos focos ativos em Minas Gerais durante o período de 1999 a 2009
Authors: Pereira Allan Arantes , Barros Dalmo Arantes de , Pereira José Aldo Alves , Acerbi Júnior Fausto Weimar , Morelli Fabiano , Scolforo José Roberto Soares
Published: October 2014

Neste estudo, objetivou-se resgatar o histórico de focos ativos no estado de Minas Gerais, durante os anos de 1999 e 2009 para uma análise exploratória dos dados. Por meio de análise temporal, procedeu-se a uma análise dos meses e anos em que os focos foram mais frequentes, e do período crítico de ocorrência de focos ativos. Já, a análise espacial considerou a frequência e a densidade de focos ativos nos Núcleos do Instituto Estadual de Florestas (IEF). No caso das Unidades de conservação, analisou-se também a recorrência anual. No total, foram detectados 67.334 focos ativos em MG, no período de 1999 a 2009. A análise temporal revelou que o ano de 2003 apresentou o maior frequência, totalizando 10.929 focos, enquanto o ano de 2009 apresentou apenas 2.378 focos. O mês de maior frequência foi outubro com 24.149 focos registrados. As áreas com maior frequência, maior densidade e maior recorrência de focos ativos (neste último caso só em unidades de conservação), são consideradas mais críticas quanto aos focos ativos. Porém, a baixa frequência de focos e a alta densidade também são apontamentos de áreas críticas. Nas áreas de maior frequência de focos e baixa densidade, o tamanho da área influenciou diretamente na elevada ocorrência de focos ativos. Nessas áreas, sugere-se uma análise de distribuição espacial para verificar se os focos ativos estão concentrados ou esparsos. O melhor cenário aqui apresentado é baixa frequência e densidade de focos ativos.
Propriedades anatômicas, químicas e de densidade da madeira de Coffea arabica L.
Authors: Pereira Marisa Aparecida , Silva Jose Reinaldo Moreira da , Rabelo Giovanni Francisco , Andrade Anna Carolina de Almeida
Published: October 2014

O estado de Minas Gerais é o maior produtor de café do Brasil e a quantidade de resíduo nas lavouras pode ser adequada para subsidiar a confecção de produtos sólidos da madeira de Coffea arabica L., que atualmente é utilizada para fins energéticos ou permanece na área. Essa atividade agrega baixo valor ao material, além de promover a liberação de CO2, que possui efeito nocivo ao ambiente. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de caracterizar tecnologicamente a madeira de Coffea arabica L. para potencializar sua utilização na confecção de móveis. Realizou-se a caracterização anatômica, química e de densidade básica da madeira de Coffea arabica L. A madeira apresentou densidade básica média de 0,608 g.cm-3. Na análise anatômica, a madeira apresentou camadas de crescimento distintas, vasos semiporosos com placas de perfuração simples, O parênquima axial é apotraqueal difuso em agregado, raios heterogêneos, não estratificados e fibras libriformes não septadas com pontuações areoladas distintas. Para a análise química os teores de extrativos em água fria e quente foram respectivamente de 6,1% e 9,6%. O teor de cinzas encontrado foi de 0,68%. Os dados foram comparados com a madeira de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla) e Piptadenia peregrina Benth, (angico-vermelho) utilizadas na produção de móveis.
Avaliação da rugosidade superficial da madeira de Eucalyptus sp submetida ao fresamento periférico
Authors: Lopes Camila Santos Doubek , Nolasco Adriana Maria , Tomazello Filho Mário , Dias Carlos Tadeu dos Santos
Published: October 2014

Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de superfície usinada da madeira de três espécies de Eucalyptus sp, para a produção de produtos madeireiros. Para os ensaios, foram confeccionados e usinados 48 corpos de prova de madeira de cada espécie, nos tratamentos de usinagem em fresadora de eixo vertical, no sentido discordante, em sete velocidades. Na avaliação da qualidade da superfície dos corpos de prova de madeira, utilizou-se o rugosímetro marca Taylor Hobson modelo Surtronic 3+, utilizando o filtro 2CR, com comprimento de amostragem com 0,80 Ie ou ln (mm) e cut-off de 0,80 λc (mm). Os resultados indicaram que a madeira do E. urophylla apresentou a melhor qualidade de superfície com os menores valores de coeficiente de variação; a madeira do E. grandis mostrou-se intermediária e a do E. dunnii apresentou o pior desempenho e o maior valor de coeficiente de variação. Observou-se, também, que o desempenho dos tratamentos para a madeira das espécies de Eucalyptus sp mostrou relação da redução da velocidade de avanço da usinagem com a rugosidade superficial; melhor na de 3-4 m.min-1 e pior na de 22 m.min-1. Constatou-se, também, que a qualidade da superfície da madeira usinada relacionou-se com a sua densidade e tipo de grã.
Parameters that influence microtensile bond testing of adhesive systems
Authors: LULA Estevam Carlos de Oliveira , LEITE Taissa Helena Martins , ALVES Cláudia Maria Coelho , SANTANA Ivone Lima , ALMEIDA Ana Maria Lima , COSTA José Ferreira
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to provide a critical review of the literature regarding factors that can interfere with microtensile test results for enamel and dentin adhesive systems. Primarily, reports in English, Spanish, or Portuguese that were published between July 1994 and September 2009 and are catalogued in MEDLINE and BBO were used. Additionally, we compiled relevant articles found in the references of these articles and dissertations and theses available in electronic databases of Brazilian universities that examined factors that can influence implementation of the microtensile test at each stage. The search strategy included searching for the following key term groups: microtensile and test; microtensile and assay; microtensile and test and parameters; microtensile and test and factors; microtensile and specimen; microtraccón and especimen. We reviewed 25 selected articles and found that they showed that even after adjustment of test parameters, changes found in the dentin could be responsible for variations observed amongst results. This influence could potentially be reduced by using the cohesive strength value of dentin adjacent to the adhesive interface as a standard for comparison, but more studies are needed to confirm whether such an approach would be reliable. Data analysis methodology should be taken into account when comparing studies.
Indirect pulp treatment without re-entry in a permanent tooth: 36 months of follow-up
Authors: SIMONE Giovanna Izola , STEINER-OLIVEIRA Carolina , BRAGA Mariana Minatel , IMPARATO José Carlos Pettorossi
Published: October 2014

An alternative approach in the management of deep caries lesions is the indirect pulp treatment, without re-entry in the cavity. It has been shown that the complete removal of the carious dentin became unnecessary after the total tooth sealing, because the remaining microorganisms of the affected dentin would stop proliferating and/or die. This case report describes the management of a deep caries lesion of an 11-year-old girl with great coronary destruction in the left mandibular permanent first molar. Infected dentinal walls were excavated with manual instruments and the remainder affected dentin was filled with ionomer glass cement and composite resin. After 36 months of follow-up, no clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms of pulp damage were observed. In conclusion, the indirect pulp treatment was considered a good alternative for the treatment of deep caries lesions as it reduced the risk of pulp exposure by not reopening the cavity, saved the patient and the dentist clinical time and arrested the lesion progression with radiographic density increase and absence of any pain symptoms.
A rare case of giant verruciform xanthoma in the palate
Authors: ROSA Eduardo Augusto , AMORIM Rivadávio Fernandes Batista de
Published: October 2014

Verruciform xanthoma represents a rare disease of unknown etiology that typically affects the oral mucosa. In most cases, it is asymptomatic and characterized by a well demarcated elevation with irregular or papillary surface. The gums are the most affected oral site, and the lesion is usually less than 2 cm in diameter. The aim of this study is to report a rare case of an extensive verruciform xanthoma in the hard palate and gums of a 55-year-old male. Clinically, the well delimitated, reddish, elastic lesion measuring approximately 2.8 X 1.5 cm had a slightly granular surface. Histopathological analysis found proliferative epithelial activity with evident papillomatosis, parakeratosis, and large epithelial ridges. Xanthomatous cells with clear, vacuolated cytoplasm were detected in the lamina propria. The patient has been disease free for 18 months. According to an extensive research in the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Lilacs databases, this paper describes one of the most extensive cases of verruciform xanthoma reported in the literature.
Variation of digital palpation pressure used in the clinical examination of TMJ disorders and orofacial pain
Authors: LIMA Camilo Massa Ferreira , RODRIGUES Luciane Lacerda Franco Rocha , TEIXEIRA Marcelo Lucchesi , GUIMARÃES Antonio Sérgio
Published: October 2014

OBJECTIVE: The present research aims to evaluate the calibration of digital palpation pressure as well as to assess the inter-examiner variation and mean pressure used by a sample consisting of 56 professionals of the TMJ disorders and Orofacial Pain area. METHODS: Each participant was asked to press a digital balance to approach 1.0 kg and subsequently 0.5 kg without seeing the display, in order to obtain a blind data. The values of 1.0 kg and 0.5 kg are recommended by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder in the refined Axis I, the Physical Assessment. Participants were considered calibrated when they applied the correct pressure in at least 4 of the 5 measurement taken; within a 20% variation interval (pressures between 0.4 and 0.6 kg were acceptable for the reference value of 0.5 kg and between 0.8 and 1.2 kg for the reference value of 1.0kg). The t-student test was used to analyze data (p≤0.05). RESULTS: 70% of the sample was classified as non- calibrated for the 0.5 kg pressure while 57% were not calibrated for the 1.0 kg pressure. The mean inter-examiner variations, 0.3 kg for the pressure set at 0.5kg and 0.6 kg for the pressure set at 1.0 kg, were considered high. CONCLUSION: The mean pressures applied by participants (0.7 kg for joint palpation and 1.4 kg for muscle palpation) were also considered high in comparison with those recommended by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder, but acceptable according to the tendency of applying higher values of 1.0 - 1.5 kg, as proven by recent study.
Association between preference for sweet foods and dental caries
Authors: CAGNANI Adriana , BARROS Andréia Moreira de Souza , SOUSA Luciana Luz Araújo de , OLIVEIRA Arlete Maria Gomes , Zanin Luciane , FLÓRIO Flávia Martão
Published: October 2014

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between caries prevalence and sugar preference in schoolchildren. METHODS: The sample has consisted of 96 schoolchildren of both genders and age ranging from 5 to 12, enrolled at the Maria Aparecida de Jesus Segura Rural School in Sumaré, São Paulo, Brazil. The inclusions criteria were: enrolled schoolchildren; with an authorization to participate in the research, from the parents or guardians; cooperative and not having orthodontic appliances, difficulty with mouth opening and no restriction on sugar consumption. The history of caries was performed by calibrated examiners (Kappa= 0,85) according the World Health Organization criteria. The preference for sugar was assessed using a modified version of the Sweet Preference Inventory. Each schoolchild tasted five grape juice solutions, in which the sugar concentration varied from 0 to 40g/liter. The association between the variables, DMFT and dmft was dichotomized into DMFT=0 and DMFT≥1; dmft=0 e dmft ≥1 and the sugar preference as low (A, B, C, D) and high (E). RESULTS: There was no significant association between the genders as regards preference for sugar in the solutions (Fisher Exact Test, p= 0.2150), and as regards the DMFT (Chi-Square Test, p=0.2789). In both caries history situations, the majority of the children preferred a high sugar concentration (Chi-Square Test, p=0.2463). CONCLUSION: There were no association between history of caries and preference of sugar. There no was association between gender and preference for sugar.