bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased PINK1 Confers a Neuroprotective Role After Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Neuronal Cells
Authors: Dou Ya-Nan , Wu Xiu-Quan , Fei Xiao-Wei , Fei Zhou
Published: July 2021

Background: Ischemic insults often leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal injury. The neuronal damage induced by ischemia can be partly attributed to glutamate excitotoxicity. Previous studies have indicated that PINK1 plays a neuroprotective role against ischemic brain injury via regulating mitochondrial integrity and function. However, there are few reports elucidating the expression changes and effect of PINK1 on neuronal survival in glutamate excitotoxicity model.Methods: We utilized HT22 cells and primary cortical neurons to establish glutamate excitotoxicity neuronal model. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to investigate the effects of different concentrations of glutamate on neuronal activity; RT-PCR assay was used to investigate PINK1 transcription level following glutamate excitotoxicity; Western-blot and immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate PINK1 translation level after glutamate injury. Moreover, we established HT22 cell stable transformants by lentiviral transfection to determine the role of PINK1 on neuronal damages in glutamate excitotoxicity.Results: Different concentrations of glutamate inhibited the cell viability of HT22 line and primary cortical neurons. Following glutamate treatment at different times, the mRNA level, protein level and cellular fluorescence intensity of PINK1 firstly increased and then decreased. In addition, cells with low PINK1 expression could reinforce the inhibitory effect of glutamate on neuronal activity compared with normal cells, while high PINK1 expression showed a protective effect on neurons.Conclusion: PINK1 may play a neuroprotective role in glutamate induced neuronal excitotoxicity.
A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Muscle Strength, Spinal Shrinkage and Recovery During a Working Day of Military Police Officers
Authors: Holfinger Francielle , Rodacki Andre Luiz Felix , Tavares Janny Miriam , Neto Milton Isac Fadel , Paulo Anderson Caetano , Fowler Neil Edward , Rodadki Cintia de Lourdes Nahhas
Published: July 2021

Background: Military personnel has a large prevalence of back, especially those involved in patrolling routines as they are required to wear heavy protective equipment. Patrolling includes long periods sustaining the protective equipment is sustained in a sitting either on or in a motor vehicle (motorcycle or car). Thus, understanding spinal loading of Military Police Officers (MPO) after patrolling by car (CAR; n=14), motorcycle (MOT; n=14), and administrative (ADM; n=14) routines is relevant to establish preventive strategies. Design: The torque of the trunk and working and anthropometric characteristics were assessed to explain and spinal loading using stature variation measures. Precise stature measures were performed before and after a 6h journey (LOSS) and 20min after a resting posture (RECOV). The isometric peak torque of the trunk extensor (PTE.BM-1) and flexor (PTF.BM-1) muscles were measured before the working journey. Results: The LOSS was similar between CAR and MOT (4.8 and 5.8mm, respectively) after 6h of patrolling. The ADM presented the lowest LOSS (2.8mm; p<0.05). No changes in RECOV between groups were observed (p>0.05). Vibration may explain the greater spinal loading involved in CAR and MOT in comparison to the ADM. A GLM analysis revealed that only BMI was the only explanatory factor for stature loss. No independent variables explained RECOV. The ability of the trunk muscles to produce force did not influence LOSS or RECOV between groups. Conclusions: MPOs involved in CAR or MOT patrolling may require greater post-work periods and strategies designed to reduce the weight of the protective apparatus to dissipate spinal loading. The external load used in patrolling is a relevant spinal loading factor.
Effect of MnO2 and MnO2-NCNO addition on structural and nonlinear optical properties of CoWO4 ceramics
Authors: nadafan marzieh , Ghalkhani Masoumeh , Sohouli Esmail
Published: July 2021

The nitrogen-doped carbon nano-onions (NCNOs) were prepared by annealing the ultra-dispersed aminated-nanodiamond solution under He gas at 1150°C followed by calcination at 400°C. The nanostructures of CoWO4, MnO2, CoWO4-MnO2, and CoWO4-MnO2-NCNO were synthesized through the simple precipitation method under ultrasonication followed by calcination at 450°C. The morphology, structure, and optoelectronic properties of the samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Z-scan method. The homogeneous distribution of the tiny aggregated plate-like and spongy particles throughout the nanocomposite created a highly porous nanostructure with a large surface area. The nonlinear absorption (NLA) coefficient and nonlinear refractive (NLR) index were of the order of 10-3(cm/W) and 10-8(cm2/W), respectively. In different incident intensity of laser, all synthesized samples show TPA effect implying the positive sign of NLA coefficient. MnO2 and NCNO structure have positive NLR index indicating the self-focusing optical nonlinearity. The self-defocusing effect and the negative sign of nonlinearity in the CoWO4 nanoparticles, MnO2-CoWO4, and MnO2-NCNO-CoWO4 nanocomposites are vivid. The porous structure of CoWO4 nanoparticles and trapping the light into CoWO4 nanoparticles are the main reasons for nonlinearity of this nanoparticles. Porosity is also one of the most important reasons for the nonlinear optical responses of NCNO structure. The NLR index and NLA coefficient of MnO2 decreased by increasing the incident intensity. Moreover, an increase in the incident intensity improved the nonlinear responses in the rest of samples. The present nonlinear optical results of the synthesized samples can be applied in optical devices.
Invasion front dynamics of interactive populations in environments with barriers
Authors: Azimzade Youness
Published: July 2021

Invading populations normally comprise different subpopulations that interact while trying to overcome existing barriers against their way to occupy new areas. However, the majority of studies so far only consider single or multiple population invasion into areas where there is no resistance against the invasion. Here, we developed a model to study how cooperative/competitive populations invade in the presence of a physical barrier that should be degraded during the invasion. For one dimensional environment, we found that a Langevin equation as $dX/dt=V_ft+\sqrt{D_f}\eta(t)$ describes invasion front position. We then obtained how $V_f$ and $D_f$ depend on population interactions and environmental barrier intensity. For the 2D case, for the average interface position we found a Langevin equation as $dH/dt=V_Ht+\sqrt{D_H}\eta(t)$. Similar to the 1D case, we found how $V_H$ and $D_H$ respond to population interaction and environmental barrier intensity. Finally, the study of invasion front morphology through dynamic scaling analysis showed that growth exponent, $\beta$, depends on both population interaction and environmental barrier intensity. Saturated interface width, $W_{sat}$, versus width of the 2D environment ($L$) also exhibits scaling behavior. Comparing results for the 2D environment revealed that competition among subpopulations leads to more rough invasion fronts. Considering the wide range of shreds of evidence for clonal diversity in cancer cell populations, our findings suggest that interactions between such diverse populations can potentially participate in the geometry of the tumor border.
Identification of the gut commensal Candida parapsilosis as a causative fungus for the development of high fat-diet induced obesity in mice
Authors: Sun Shanshan , Sun Li , Wang Kai , Qiao Shanshan , Zhao Xinyue , Hu Xaomin , Chen Wei , Zhang Shuyang , Li Hantian , Dai Huanqin , Liu Hongwei
Published: July 2021

Gut fungi is known to play many important roles in human health regulations. Herein, we investigated the anti-obesity efficacy of the antifungal antibiotics (amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5-fluorocytosine) in the high fat diet-fed (HFD) mice. Supplementation of amphotericin B or fluconazole in water effectively inhibited obesity and its related disorders, whereas 5-fluorocytosine exhibited little effects. The gut fungus Candida parapsilosis was identified as a key commensal fungus related to the diet-induced obesity by the culture-dependent method and the inoculation assay with C. parapsilosis in the fungi-free mice. In addition, the increase of free fatty acids in the gut due to the production of fungal lipases from C. parapsilosis was confirmed as one mechanism by which C. parapsilosis promotes obesity. The current study demonstrates the gut C. parapsilosis as a causal fungus for the development of diet-induced obesity in mice and highlights the therapeutic strategy targeting the gut fungi.
Outbreak of Cryptosporidium hominis in northern Sweden: persisting symptoms in a five-year follow-up
Authors: Sjöström Malin , Arvidsson Malin , Söderström Lars , Lilja Mikael , Lindh Johan , Widerström Micael
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesIn 2010-2011, a waterborne outbreak of the parasite, Cryptosporidium hominis, affected approximately 27,000 inhabitants in the city of Östersund, Sweden. Previous research suggested that post-infectious symptoms, such as gastrointestinal symptoms and joint pain, could persist for up to two years after the initial infection. In this study, we investigated whether the parasite caused post-infectious sequelae for up to five years after the outbreak. This prospective cohort study examined whether individuals infected during the outbreak were more likely than uninfected individuals to report post-infectious symptoms five years later. The participants completed a questionnaire on whether they experienced a list of symptoms. We analysed data using logistic regression and calculated odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.Results The analysis included 626 individuals. Among the 262 individuals infected during the outbreak, 56.5% reported symptoms at follow-up. Compared to uninfected individuals, infected individuals were significantly more likely to report watery diarrhoea, diarrhoea, swollen joints, abdominal pain, bloating, joint discomfort, acid indigestion, alternating bowel habits, joint pain, ocular pain, nausea, and fatigue at the follow-up, after adjusting for age and sex. Our findings suggested that cryptosporidiosis was mainly associated with gastrointestinal- and joint-related post-infectious symptoms for up to 5 years after the infection.
Manifestation of Waste Silicate Type Additives and Electron Beam Irradiation on Properties of Sbr/devulcanized Waste Tire Rubber Composites for Floor Tiles Applications
Authors: El-Nemr Khaled F. , Ali Magdy A. , Gad Yasser
Published: July 2021

Virgin styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) was replaced by devulcanized waste tire rubber (DWR) 50/50 and used as a rubber base for preparing composites to depend on different silicate types at fixed content 40 phr (part per hundred part of rubber). All composites were mixed on a rubber roll mill and then subjected to electron beam irradiation to induce cross-linking at a dose of 100 kGy. Different silicate fillers were used in this study like precipitated silica (PS) 40 phr, waste glass window (WG) - PS 20/20 phr, fly ash (FA)-PS 20/20 phr, and micaosilica (MS)-PS 20/20 phr. Waste silicate was treated with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) and blended with PS. Mechanical properties were investigated for composites like tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile modulus, and calculation of cross-link density from mechanical. As well as, application for floor tiles included compression set and abrasion resistance measurements. All results indicated an enhancement in tensile strength, modulus, and cross-link density by adding silicate fillers and more enhanced in presence of radiation. For the application of floor tiles, the MS filler gave a good compression set and abrasion resistance followed by other silicate fillers (PS, FA), except WG.
Precision and Accuracy of a Simple Consumer-oriented Wristband Activity Tracker During Walking at Different Speeds
Authors: Konishi Shozo , Nakatani Daisaku , Nishimura Kiminobu , Shigyo Maki , Yamasaki Keita , Kurakami Hiroyuki , Takeda Toshihiro , Matsumura Yasushi , Katsu Masanori , Sakata Yasushi
Published: July 2021

Objective: FAIT Tag is a wrist-worn consumer-oriented pedometer composed of a small and lightweight core and silicone wrist band. The aim of this study was to validate the measurement precision and accuracy of the FAIT Tag during walking.Results: To assess intra-subject precision, five subjects wearing a FAIT Tag performed a repeated 200-step walking test in which they walked 200 steps a total of 10 times. To assess inter-subject accuracy, 30 subjects wearing a FAIT Tag and ActiGraph walked for 3 minutes at two different speeds. Step count measured by these devices was compared with the actual step count counted visually and simultaneously by an investigator. The average intra-subject precision was 2.2. For the inter-subject precision of FAIT Tag, the concordance correlation coefficient and the absolute percentage error ranged from 0.35 to 0.39 and 5.4% to 10.0%, respectively. In conclusion, the FAIT Tag is a practical pedometer with low intra-subject error and acceptable measurement accuracy. It may be a useful tool for long-term patient monitoring and digital biomarker acquisition.
Post Covid-19 urbanization requires new standards and per capita in planning, design, and building
Authors: Shahraki Abdol Aziz
Published: July 2021

This paper studies investment reductions in urban health protection programs in the recent decades under the umbrella of plutocratic ideas. It studies the densely populated slums with little urban spaces, narrow sidewalks, traffic jams, and degraded environmental components. This paper addresses the question of how shall we reopen post-covid-19 cities sustainably and lively? Our method to find a solution is an innovative mathematical model that suggests revision in the current regulations and standards, sizes, and per capita of urban spaces with the help of maximizing necessary investments. This paper analyzes crowded neighborhoods, urban transport sites, and polluted environments where people cannot respect world health organization protocols concerning individual and public health protection. This research aims to maximize investment in public health protection for supplying suitable urban places’ sizes. Outcomes of this research will be helpful to reopen cities in the post-covid-19 everywhere in the world.
Tocilizumab Treatment Reduces Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Saliaj  , Li BCCCP BCPS PharmD Matthew , Rizzo  , Nassar  , Nso  , Idrees Zarwa , Medina Luis A. , Novikov Anastasia , Yaghi Salim , Cuevas Francisco J. , Salafia  , Razaki BCPS PharmD Hamid , Berman Charles , Sachmechi Issac , Trandafirescu Theo , Brennessel Debra , Martin George T. , Mantis Jazila
Published: July 2021

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the potential of tocilizumab therapy in minimizing mortality and mechanical ventilation (MV) requirements among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methods

A single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study of 375 patients with severe COVID-19 (March 1 and April 22, 2020) included 150 patients treated with Tocilizumab and 225 consecutive control patients adjusted for age and gender. Both groups received concomitant standard of care treatments in addition to Tocilizumab. The statistical methods relied on survival analyses, conditional logistic regression models, and contingency analyses. The primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and the MV requirement.
Results

Tocilizumab associated with improved in-hospital mortality (34.7% vs 46.7%, P = 0.0136) and lower requirement for MV on days 1, 3, and 5 after treatment (P = 0.005, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.0021, respectively). Lower mortality was observed if tocilizumab was administered within 48 hours after admission (P = 0.0226). Older age and low blood oxygen saturation on admission decreased the odds of survival (P < 0.005).
Conclusion

Our study demonstrates a significant reduction in mortality and decreased requirement of MV with tocilizumab treatment in addition to the standard of care. Early administration of Tocilizumab within 48 hours reduces the risk of mortality.
Experimental test of the sample reduction random error formula
Authors:   Mining and Metallurgical Company “Norilsk Nickel”, Stupakova Ekaterina
Published: July 2021

Introduction. An immediate estimate of the accidental error of sample reduction can only be made if the measurement method of execution is zero. This can be achieved by imitating the grains of a useful component with markers fully extracted from the reduced sample. The markers can be larger than 44 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 4. 2021 ISSN 0536-1028 the maximum size of the sample material and are extracted from the sample using screens. Markers whose granulometric composition matches the sample composition should be extracted completely from the reduced sample using a hand magnet in the case. Methodology. A small number of markers of the correct shape imitates forgeable gold grains or d99 platinum. A much larger number of free-form markers simulate the granulometric composition of a sample in the –1+0.5 mm class. It is necessary to find a form factor linking the particles real volume with the cube volume. For magnetite markers, the form factor is 0.4. Results and analysis. The samples have been reduced with regular shaped and free-form markers, which makes it possible to experimentally determine the error of reduction. Theoretical formulas found errors for the conditions of experiments. For experiments with the regular shaped markers, a 54.77– 58.43% relative reduction error has been obtained according to 480 parallel measurements. Theoretically determined 57.64% relative error falls into this range. Similar relative reduction errors with free-form markers are 8.82–10.00% and 9.15%. Conclusion. The fairness of the reduction error analytical formula has been directly evaluated for the first time. The reduction error analytical formula can be applied when analyzing the schemes of sample preparation.
Technological characteristics of sulfide-magnetite ore washability at the magnetite skarn Peschanskoe deposit
Authors:   JSC “Uralmekhamobr”, Mamonov Sergei
Published: July 2021

Introduction. In the magnetite lime-skarn Peschanskoe deposit, the Zapadno-Peschanskaya ore deposit is distinguished, which differs from other ore bodies by an increased content of copper and precious metals. Due to the fact that the technology of processing magnetite ores of the Peschanskoe deposit at the enterprise of the subsurface user is configured to receive only iron concentrate, the development of a comprehensive technology for processing sulfide-magnetite ores is an urgent task. Research aim is to study the material composition and sulfide-magnetite ore concentration of the ZapadnoPeschanskaya ore deposit and to develop a comprehensive technology for its processing. The technology should ensure gold-containing, copper and iron concentrates production. Research methods consisted in studying the material composition of sulfide-magnetite ore by means of quantitative chemical analysis using Arcos emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma, Solaar atomic absorption spectrometer, CS-800sulfur analyzer, Titration Excellence T-70 automatic titration system, and Specord 250 Plus scanning spectrophotometer; chemical phase analysis for the forms of iron, copper, gold, silver and sulfur compounds; mineralogical analysis using the Axio Imager A1m optical microscope and Mineral C7 automated analyzer. Technological research was carried out by various concentration methods: X-ray radiometric separation on the SRF1-100L separator; dry magnetic separation on the PBS-90/25 magnetic separator; gravity on the KC-MD3 centrifugal concentrator and the SKL-0.2 concentration table; flotation on the FMP-L series flotation machines; wet magnetic separation on the electromagnetic separator EBM-32/20. Scope of results. The present research result can be used at complex sulfide-magnetite ores processing. Conclusions. The results of the material composition research and technological properties of the sulfidemagnetite ore of the Zapadno-Peschanskaya deposit of the Peschanskoe skarnovo-magnetite deposit are presented. It is established that the researched ore can be efficiently processed using a complex gravityflotation-magnetic technology, which allows to obtain: gravity gold-containing concentrate with a mass fraction of gold of 50 g/t at recovery of 27%; copper concentrate with a mass fraction of 23.71%, gold – 18.9 g/t and silver – 60.0 g/t when extracted, respectively, 93.6%, 42.9% and 54.6%; magnetite concentrate with a mass fraction of iron 66.5%, sulfur 0.7% with the recovery of total iron 76.6%.
Improving the design of the tunneling shield cutting working body
Authors:   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, Letopolskii Anton
Published: July 2021

Object of research. The article presents a variant of improving the design of the working body of the tunneling shield, namely, its cutting part. Research aims to confirm the performance of the proposed design using the method of solid 3D modeling in T-Flex CAD. Methodology. The working body of the tunneling shield has been improved by making changes to the design of the working surface of the rotor. Theoretical studies have been carried out to determine the strength characteristics of the proposed rotor design. The proposed rotor model was visualized using the T-Flex CAD software product. The advantages of the solid-state method of 3D modeling are that the mathematical model is endowed with the real physical properties of the object (weight, volume, material, surface area, etc.), and the technology of rapid prototyping allows you to get layouts of photorealistic images in the shortest possible time. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the data obtained in the course of theoretical studies, a comparative analysis of the strength characteristics of the basic and modernized models of the tunneling shield cutting working body was carried out. The studies carried out in T-Flex CAD have confirmed the functionality of the modernized design of the tunneling shield working body. An algorithm for calculating the strength characteristics of the proposed rotor design is presented. The algorithm is universal and can be used to calculate other designs of the tunneling shield working body. Conclusions. As a result of the research carried out, the strength characteristics of the rotor have been determined. Maximum values: displacement modulus – 2.875 · 10–5 m, equivalent stresses – 29.47 MPa, and safety factor for an equivalent stress is 9.446 · 106.
Method of effective circulation control of high speed fans impellors
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Makarov Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Research relevance. The high-level competitiveness of Russian oil and gas sector enterprises in the global economic space is impossible to reach without accelerating the restructuring of existing air-cooling apparatuses and developing new ones. It should be carried out with regard to modern technology introduction and advanced achievements in mining. The cost of gas cooling during its transportation via main gas pipelines in the cost structure reaches 22%. Besides, annual energy wastage on compressed gas cooling by fan installations is commensurate with the cost of the air cooling devices. It is essential to develop active means of air conditioning units control in order to improve their efficiency and aerodynamic adaptability that affect the competitiveness of oil and gas enterprises. ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 4, 2021 99 Research aim is to develop a mathematical model for fan unit parameters active control. Research methods are based on the experimentally proven hypothesis about the dependence between the control flow rate on the impeller blades and the position of the rear critical points of the blades. Research results. A method was developed based on conformal transformations, the theory of residues, singular equations, and hydrodynamic analogy. The dependence between the position of the profiles critical points and flow circulation was obtained. The dependence of the aerodynamic adaptability of the fan units in air conditioning devices on effective critical point position and the energy characteristics of the impeller blades flow controlling source has been established. A patent was obtained for the fan unit impeller with active circulation control from air flow sources from the fan casing. High efficiency of the developed circulation control method for increasing the operational efficiency and aerodynamic adaptability of air-cooled fan units has been proved. An aerodynamic scheme of ОV 121TN was developed. A fan unit OGM VU2.7-1.8K4 with aerodynamic adaptability increased by 34% was created.
Macro-Micro Element Variation in Traditionally Grown Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum) and Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank)
Authors: ZENCİRCİ Nusret , PEHLİVAN KARAKAŞ Fatma , ORDU Bülent
Published: July 2021

Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum and emmer wheat (T. dicoccon (Schrank) Schubl.), disease and insect resistant, macro and microelement rich, and high quality are still grown in Turkey highlands (1000-1400 m). In this study, plant and soil samples were sampled for macro and micro elements and quality where appropriate. Nine traditional einkorn and emmer wheat farms soils were sampled in Bolu, Kastamonu, Karabük, Sinop, and Samsun provinces in the Western Black Sea Region, Turkey. Plants were sampled during July-August 2016. Methods applied according to the literature. Except for crude ash and copper in grains and the total salt and EC in soils, characters significantly differed. Grain wise, Population-4 had the highest P, K, Cu, Fe, and Mn; Kunduru-1149 had the highest 1000-grain weight, crude protein, energy, raw cellulose, and hectolitre; Population-8 had the highest energy, crude oil, carbohydrate, and starch. Soil wise, Population-5 had the highest Cu, Ca, and Mg; Population-8 had the highest N, Fe, and Mn; Population-2 had the highest N and Zn, CaCO₃, active lime, EC, K₂O, organic matter, P₂O₅, and salt. Correlations among grains were highly significant for N-Cu, P-Mn, P-K, carbohydrate-starch, energy-starch, and energy-carbohydrate. Correlations among soil samples were highly significant between Fe-Mn, total N-Mn, CaCO₃-active lime, saturation-salt, organic matter-P₂O, CaCO₃-K₂O, and active lime-K₂O. In conclusion, there was a wide variation in traditionally grown einkorn and emmer grain and soils in the Western Black Sea Region.
Stavovi roditelja osnovnoškolskih učenika grada Zagreba o uporabi IKT u nastavi na daljinu tijekom pandemije bolesti COVID-19
Authors: Ivanković Iva , Igić Ivan
Published: July 2021

Informacijsko-komunikacijska tehnologija (IKT) uključena je u sve društvene slojeve, a njezina se uloga u odgoju i obrazovanju intenzivirala. Spremnost učitelja kao odgojno-obrazovnih profesionalaca ključan je element za uporabu i implementaciju IKT-a u odgojno-obrazovni proces. Iznenadnom pandemijom bolesti COVID-19 učitelji su stavljeni pred zadatak osmišljavanja i provedbe nastave na daljinu. S ciljem utvrđivanja stavova roditelja o uporabi IKT-a u takvom obliku nastave, tijekom proljeća 2020. godine provedeno je istraživanje na uzorku od 465 sudionika na području Grada Zagreba. Utvrđeno je da najveći broj sudionika postiže prosječne rezultate koji su iznad srednje vrijednosti, što znači da je njihov stav o uporabi IKT-a u provedenoj nastavi na daljinu generalno pozitivan. Pronađene su statistički značajne razlike u pojedinim varijablama stavova o uporabi IKT-a u nastavi na daljinu s obzirom na spol, dob i stupanj naobrazbe sudionika te s obzirom na razred koji djeca sudionika istraživanja polaze. Kvalitativnom analizom pitanja otvorenoga tipa ustanovljena je potreba standardizacije nastave na daljinu u smislu uporabe istih ili sličnih digitalnih alata kako bi se osigurale jednake šanse za sve učenike.
La ética en la universidad: paralelismos entre la universidad tradicional y la universidad popular en el rol docente
Authors: Camargo Escobar Cristian Estiven , Causil Orrego Juan Daniel
Published: July 2021

El presente texto tiene como propósito analizar teórico-conceptualmente las prácticas pedagógicas de la ética implementadas por los docentes en la universidad tradicional y la universidad popular en los años 2010 – 2020. Teniendo en cuenta, primero, las características inherentes de la universidad tradicional tanto en sus orígenes y principios fundamentales; segundo, las practicas pedagógicas de la ética en el rol docente; y tercero, el advenimiento, desarrollo y propuesta de la Universidad popular. Mediante este análisis fue posible develar los paralelismos entre sus divergencias y puntos de encuentro con base en la ética-práctica del rol docente, para el mejoramiento continuo tanto de esta área del conocimiento como de los demás saberes en general.
La juventud: una preocupación en el pensamiento de Ernst Bloch y Julián Marías
Authors: Lázaro Quintero Manuel Andrés
Published: July 2021

El siguiente artículo de reflexión es el resultado de un análisis y contrastación entre el pensamiento de Julián Marías, filósofo español y Ernst Bloch, filósofo alemán, sobre el tema del joven como lugar común en el desarrollo de la reflexión de ambos pensadores. ¿Qué han pensado y dicho cada uno de estos autores? ¿Cuáles son los lugares comunes o puntos de encuentro sobre esta etapa de la vida humana para estos filósofos tan divergentes en sus posturas? Al contrastar estos filósofos tan dispares podremos encontrar en la reflexión sobre el joven interesantes coincidencias.
A perspectiva emancipatória do Direito ao desenvolvimento no contexto de uma cultura de sustentabilidade
Authors: Aguiar Marcus Pinto
Published: July 2021

Esta pesquisa propõe a aplicação do conceito de desenvolvimento, outrora sinônimo de crescimento econômico, a partir de um entendimento ampliado, especialmente por conta da Declaração sobre o Direito ao Desenvolvimento de 1986; de modo que, ao integrar as perspectivas econômicas, sociais, culturais e políticas em determinado contexto histórico, garante maiores condições de efetivar direitos humanos de forma indivisível e interdependente. Trata também das novas possibilidades de busca de um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável, nesta perspectiva alargada do seu conceito, a partir da valorização da soberania popular, com a participação efetiva do povo na condução das funções estatais, como proposta de um constitucionalismo emancipador. O trabalho apresenta ainda, como exemplo concreto para avaliação das possibilidades e desafios de efetivação do direito ao desenvolvimento e de uma cultura de sustentabilidade, uma visão crítica de como tem sido resolvida a questão da construção da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte, no Pará, Brasil. Com base na revisão bibliográfica crítica, análise de normas convencionais e estudos acerca do desenvolvimento, conclui-se que é urgente a necessidade da superação de uma concepção economicista de desenvolvimento, a partir de uma concepção ampliada de desenvolvimento humano com base em uma cultura de sustentabilidade forte e biocêntrica.
O individual e o coletivo no trabalho por plataformas digitais: possibilidades de compreensão da Constituição a partir da experiência do "Breque dos Apps"
Authors: Lourenço Filho Ricardo
Published: July 2021

O “breque dos apps”, realizado em julho de 2020, se destacou por aspectos como a tentativa de superação, pelos trabalhadores, dos desafios postos pela gestão empresarial por algoritmos e a visibilidade conferida aos coletivos de entregadores. Mas também revelou ambiguidades, como as atinentes à própria denominação do movimento e à classificação jurídica das relações laborais por aplicativos digitais. De toda forma, a experiência dessa mobilização permite afirmar que o debate sobre a regulação estatal do trabalho por plataformas digitais deve considerar as perspectivas e os riscos correspondentes nos planos individual e coletivo, em especial, quanto a esse último, no que diz respeito às dimensões da liberdade sindical, da negociação coletiva e da greve. A reivindicação e o exercício, por parte dos entregadores por plataformas digitais, de direitos fundados na Constituição têm o condão de indicar novas possibilidades de interpretação jurídica e efetivação do texto constitucional. Também podem servir para viabilizar a participação desses trabalhadores na discussão pública sobre a regulação jurídica do labor por aplicativos, assim como em outros espaços de debates que envolvam direitos fundamentais.
A Mobile Health App (WYZ) for Engagement in Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Youth and Young Adults Living With HIV: Single-Arm Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Saberi Parya , Lisha Nadra E , Erguera Xavier A , Hudes Estie Sid , Johnson Mallory O , Ruel Theodore , Neilands Torsten B
Published: July 2021

Background

Youth are globally recognized as being vulnerable to HIV. Younger age has been correlated with worse health outcomes. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to interact with youth where they are, using a device they already access.

Objective

Using predefined benchmarks, we sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of WYZ, an mHealth app, for improved engagement in care and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among youth and young adults living with HIV. WYZ was designed and developed with input from youth and young adults living with HIV using a human-centered design approach and was based on the information, motivation, and behavioral skills framework to address common barriers to care and ART adherence among youth and young adults living with HIV.

Methods

We recruited youth and young adults living with HIV (18-29 years old) from the San Francisco Bay Area to take part in a 6-month pilot trial. Their participation included completing baseline and exit surveys, and participating in seven phone check-ins about their use of WYZ.

Results

Youth and young adults living with HIV (N=79) reported high levels of feasibility and acceptability with WYZ use. We met predefined benchmarks for recruitment (79/84, 94%), mean logins per week (5.3), tracking ART adherence (5442/9393, 57.9%), posting chat topics per week (4.8), and app crashes reported per week (0.24). The ease of app download, install, and setup, and comfort with security, privacy, and anonymity were highly rated (all over 91%). Additionally, participants reported high satisfaction for a research project that was remotely conducted. Participants used the app for shorter timeframes compared to the predefined benchmark.

Conclusions

We noted high feasibility and acceptability with WYZ. Further research to examine the efficacy of WYZ will enable youth and young adults living with HIV and their providers to make informed decisions when using, recommending, and prescribing the app for improved engagement in HIV care and ART adherence.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03587857; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03587857
Remote Blood Pressure Monitoring With a Wearable Photoplethysmographic Device (Senbiosys): Protocol for a Single-Center Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Schukraft Sara , Boukhayma Assim , Cook Stéphane , Caizzone Antonino
Published: July 2021

Background

Wearable devices can provide user-friendly, accurate, and continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring to assess patients’ vital signs and achieve remote patient management. Remote BP monitoring can substantially improve BP control. The newest cuffless BP monitoring devices have emerged in patient care using photoplethysmography.

Objective

The Senbiosys trial aims to compare BP measurements of a new device capturing a photoplethysmography signal on the finger versus invasive measurements performed in patients with an arterial catheter in the intensive care unit (ICU) or referred for a coronarography at the Hospital of Fribourg.

Methods

The Senbiosys study is a single-center, single-arm, prospective trial. The study population consists of adult patients undergoing coronarography or patients in the ICU with an arterial catheter in place. This study will enroll 35 adult patients, including 25 patients addressed for a coronarography and 10 patients in the ICU. The primary outcome is the assessment of mean bias (95% CI) for systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean BP between noninvasive and invasive BP measurements. Secondary outcomes include a reliability index (Qualification Index) for BP epochs and count of qualified epochs.

Results

Patient recruitment started in June 2021. Results are expected to be published by December 2021.

Conclusions

The findings of the Senbiosys trial are expected to improve remote BP monitoring. The diagnosis and treatment of hypertension should benefit from these advancements.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04379986; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04379986

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/30051
Expressiveness of an International Semantic Standard for Wound Care: Mapping a Standardized Item Set for Leg Ulcers to the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine–Clinical Terms (Preprint)
Authors: Hüsers Jens , Przysucha Mareike , Esdar Moritz , John Swen Malte , Hübner Ursula Hertha
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Chronic health conditions are on the rise and are putting high economic pressure on health systems, as they require well-coordinated prevention and treatment. Among chronic conditions, chronic wounds such as cardiovascular leg ulcers have a high prevalence. Their treatment is highly interdisciplinary and regularly spans multiple care settings and organizations; this places particularly high demands on interoperable information exchange that can be achieved using international semantic standards, such as Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine–Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT).

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the expressiveness of SNOMED CT in the domain of wound care, and thereby its clinical usefulness and the potential need for extensions.

METHODS

A clinically consented and profession-independent wound care item set, the German National Consensus for the Documentation of Leg Wounds (NKDUC), was mapped onto the precoordinated concepts of the international reference terminology SNOMED CT. Before the mapping took place, the NKDUC was transformed into an information model that served to systematically identify relevant items. The mapping process was carried out in accordance with the ISO/TR 12300 formalism. As a result, the reliability, equivalence, and coverage rate were determined for all NKDUC items and sections.

RESULTS

The developed information model revealed 268 items to be mapped. Conducted by 3 health care professionals, the mapping resulted in moderate reliability (κ=0.512). Regarding the two best equivalence categories (symmetrical equivalence of meaning), the coverage rate of SNOMED CT was 67.2% (180/268) overall and 64.3% (108/168) specifically for wounds. The sections general medical condition (55/66, 83%), wound assessment (18/24, 75%), and wound status (37/57, 65%), showed higher coverage rates compared with the sections therapy (45/73, 62%), wound diagnostics (8/14, 57%), and patient demographics (17/34, 50%).

CONCLUSIONS

The results yielded acceptable reliability values for the mapping procedure. The overall coverage rate shows that two-thirds of the items could be mapped symmetrically, which is a substantial portion of the source item set. Some wound care sections, such as general medical conditions and wound assessment, were covered better than other sections (wound status, diagnostics, and therapy). These deficiencies can be mitigated either by postcoordination or by the inclusion of new concepts in SNOMED CT. This study contributes to pushing interoperability in the domain of wound care, thereby responding to the high demand for information exchange in this field. Overall, this study adds another puzzle piece to the general knowledge about SNOMED CT in terms of its clinical usefulness and its need for further extensions.
Perbandingan Waktu Pengukuran Pipet Ukur Glasfirn Pi Pump dan Micropipet Socorex pada Uji TPC Acetobacter xylinum
Authors: Rohmatningsih Rini Nuraini
Published: July 2021

Salah satu kegiatan yang dilaksanakan di laboratorium Bioindustri saat ini adalah pengukuran karakteristik pertumbuhan Acetobacter xylinum. Karakteristik pertumbuhannya diukur pada rentang waktu hari ke-1 sampai ke-8 dengan inkubasi pada suhu 30 oC. Untuk pemeriksaan beberapa sampel dengan pengulangan tiga kali membutuhkan waktu lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektifitas penggunaan Glasfirn Pi Pump dan Micropipet Socorex  sebagai alat bantu memindahkan cairan dari satu tempat ke tempat yang laindalam penanaman bakteri Acetobacter xylinum.Waktu pengukuran volume 0,1 ml dan 1,0 ml menggunakan Glasfirn Pi Pump dan Micropipet Socorex dihitung menggunakan Stopwatch dengan pengulangansebanyak 30 kali untuk masing-masing pipet. Data yang diperoleh di uji beda menggunakan software SPSS. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil, bahwa waktu tercepat pemipetan 0,1 ml dan 1,0 ml  menggunakan Glasfirn Pi Pump adalah 37,52 detik dan 37,36 detik dan waktu tercepat pemipetan 0,1 ml dan 1,0 ml  menggunakan Micropipet Socorex  adalah 26,37 detik dan 21,28 detik. Hasil statistic ujibeda menunjukkan bahwa sebaran data berbeda nyata pada pemipetan 0,1 ml dan 1,0 ml, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Micropipet Socorex dapat memindahkan cairan lebih cepat.
Assessment of Academic Staff Performance in English Medium Instruction
Authors: Kalnbērziņa Vita , Karapetjana Indra
Published: July 2021

One of the internationalisation strategies for higher education institutions is internationalisation of their curricula by delivering English-medium instruction programmes. These internationalization efforts can be successful if support for the language needs of all stakeholders involved is provided. English language proficiency assessment of academic staff is an essential prerequisite to the implementation of a high-quality study process in the English language. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to validate the assessment system of academic staff performance in English medium instruction at a university in Latvia and the use of mediation strategies as a basis for the assessment system development. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the test results suggests that the integrated assessment tasks demonstrate higher internal consistency and higher correlation with the test results and the performance of the academic staff in the international setting.
Intertextuality and Arthurian Women in David Lodge’s Small World (1984)
Authors: Ropa Anastasija
Published: July 2021

The present article analyses intertextual references in David Lodge’s Small World. An Academic Romance (1984), focusing on allusions to the corpus of medieval and twentieth-century Arthuriana in the representation of women characters. An analysis of Arthurian allusions in the portrayal of women characters shows that Lodge introduces Arthurian women to his academic ‘Camelot’ in response to medieval and post-medieval literature about King Arthur and the Grail quest. In this respect, his representation of academic women in Small World is different from the way they are described in Lodge’s other academic novels, Changing Places and Nice Work. Lodge rarely recasts Arthurian women characters as his heroines with the exception of Prof Fulvia Morgana, who is modelled on the Arthurian sorceress Morgane/Morgause. Nevertheless, in Small World, women appear in the traditional roles of being the object of a ‘knight’s’ quest, such as Persse’s beloved Angelica and Swallow’s lover Joy, and wise advisors (Miss Maiden). Alternatively, women are portrayed as antagonistic or negative characters, the so-called ‘whores’ or ‘demonic temptresses’: such are Angelica’s twin sister Lily and the lusty Fulvia Morgana.
Pororoca: a criação “brasileira” enquanto levante (Pororoca: “Brazilian” creation while raising)
Authors: Job Nelson
Published: July 2021

Investigaremos a emergência de novos conceitos e práticas brasileiras. Para isso, será necessário denunciar o nazifascismo ubíquo e a colonização estruturalista e transcendente no pensar brasileiro. A partir dessa crítica, vamos buscar no conceito de ninguendade de Darcy Ribeiro, imanência de Spinoza, na esquizoanálise de Deleuze e Guattari, a educação de Tim Ingold, a confluência em que emergem os transaberes enquanto um criar brasileiro ressoante e micropolítico, cujo fazer é norteado não por método, mas por um poestéticaos que chamaremos de pororoca. Dessa pororoca, nasce uma peculiar clínica brasileira e uma apreensão do que é, de fato, a singularidade brasileira, a partir do sertão político, literário e cinematográfico, que ressoa com diversas novas produções no Brasil.
SARS-COV-2 Vaccines Immunological Impact
Authors: Tallima Hatem , Ridi Rashika El
Published: July 2021

The immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are herein detailed to clarify the innate immunity protective effects in a large fraction of individuals exposed to the infection, and the drawbacks of the interference of the acquired immunity cytotoxic T cells and antibody-dependent natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity arms. Very precisely, the available vaccines based on full-length spike glycoprotein in a mRNA or DNA-based construct, or whole virus potently lead to generation of these immunologically damaging effectors, especially following exposure to the pathogen. Conversely, a vaccine exclusively based on spike glycoprotein subunit 1 in a protein form can protect against the life-threatening virus infection and never lead to adverse side effects.