bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth of Highly (110) Oriented Diamond Film by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Xi Yi Fan , Huang Jian , Tang Ke , Zhou Xin Yu , Ren Bing , Wang Lin Jun
Published: August 2018

In this study, we propose a simple and effective approach to enhance (110) orientation in diamond films grown on (100) Si substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. It is found that the crystalline structure of diamond films strongly rely on the CH4 concentration in the nucleation stage. Under the same growth condition, when the CH4 concentration is less than 7% (7%) in the nucleation stage, the diamond films exhibit randomly oriented structure; once the value exceeds 7%, the deposited films are strongly (110) oriented. It could be verified by experiments that the formation of (110) orientation in diamond films are related to the high nucleation density and high fraction of diamond-like carbon existing in nucleation samples.
Selective Wet Etching in Fabricating SiGe and Ge Nanowires for Gate-all-Around MOSFETs
Authors: Liu Wen Dar , Lee Yi Chia , Sekiguchi Ryo , Yoshida Yukifumi , Komori Kana , Wostyn Kurt , Sebaai Farid , Holsteyns Frank
Published: August 2018

A selective wet etching process for fabricating SiGe and Ge nanowires for gate all around transistors is introduced in this paper. Two formulated proprietary chemical mixtures with highly selective etching properties (Si vs. SiGe and SiGe vs. Ge) can effectively dissolve the sacrificial layers with minimal damage to the interstitial nanowire materials. The Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) surface characterization indicates that no chemical contamination is left after the wet etching process.
A New Method to Fabricate Ge Nanowires: Selective Lateral Etching of Gesn:P/Ge Multi-Stacks
Authors: Porret Clement , Vohra Anurag , Sebaai Farid , Douhard Bastien , Hikavyy Andriy , Loo Roger
Published: August 2018

A new method is proposed for the formation of Ge nanowires in a gate-all-around integration scheme. We combine the use of GeSn:P/Ge epitaxial stacks and low-temperature Cl2 vapor-phase etching to demonstrate a high etch selectivity of GeSn:P versus Ge. The process can be combined with an insitu passivation of the Ge nanowires, which can bring several advantages in view of improved process reliability and control.
AlCu Pitting Prevention in Post Etch Cleaning
Authors: Votta Annamaria , Morandi Roberto , Ravasio Marcello , Tagliabue Giovanni , Pipia Francesco , Alessandri Mauro
Published: August 2018

Three different cases of wet polymer removal in presence of AlCu are described: namely a) oxide passivation opening, b) vias etch and c) pad patterning. The occurrence of pitting at such levels is analyzed and linked to halogens presence. Moving from these results, a proposal to limit such kind of defects is given, focusing on a trimmed DIW rinsing step and on a possible AlCu passivation through a plasma ashing process.
Investigation of Defectivity Coming from the Back Side of Wafers during AlCu Polymer Removal Processes Performed in a Batch Spray Tool
Authors: Venegoni Ivan , Brazzelli Silvia , Gomarasca Roberta , Pipia Francesco , Alessandri Mauro
Published: August 2018

The defectivity of a batch process for polymer removal in AlCu BEOL technology has been investigated, reasearching the defectivity source and studying the composition of the defects. Different solutions for the minimization of this defectivity have been found, working on the positioning of the wafers or additional cleanings. The complete eradication of the defectivity has also been demonstrated performing the process on a single wafer tool.
Influence of VPT Treatment on Microscopic Distribution of Trace Metal Contaminants and its Effect on TXRF Measurement
Authors: Ohno Rikiichi , Saga Koichiro
Published: August 2018

We have found that to the detection sensitivity of Total reflection X-ray fluorescent spectrometry (TXRF), the total volume of trace particles generated by vapor phase treatment (VPT) must be increased and metal atoms need to be included in the particles. The detection sensitivity for Cu is enhanced by assisting Cu ionization in the liquid drops condensed form the vapor. We consider that since incident and reflected X-rays resonate 30nm from the surface, the total reflection intensity of metals included in the particles is enhanced.
Effect of WET treatment on Group III-V Compound Semiconductor Surface
Authors: Nishio Kenya , Saito Suguru , Hagimoto Yoshiya , Iwamoto Hayato
Published: August 2018

In this work, we investigated interfacial properties of InP, which is a typical group III-V compound used for semiconductors, by using a chemical-treated metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitor. The interfacial properties of InP is more affected by interface state density than the surface roughness and is greatly affected by In2O3in particular. Additionally, we evaluated In2O3growth during 24-hour rinsing and air exposure and found that In2O3on an InP surface grows larger during rinsing than during air exposure. To reduce In2O3, the rinse needs to be optimized.
Nanoscale Etching of GaAs and InP in Acidic H2O2 Solution: A Striking Contrast in Kinetics and Surface Chemistry
Authors: van Dorp Dennis H. , Arnauts Sophia , Laitinen Mikko , Sajavaara Timo , Meersschaut Johan , Conard Thierry , Holsteyns Frank , Kelly John
Published: August 2018

In this study of nanoscale etching for state-of-the-art device technology the importance of the nature of the surface oxide, is demonstrated for two III-V materials. Etching kinetics for GaAs and InP in acidic solutions of hydrogen peroxide are strikingly different. GaAs etches much faster, while the dependence of the etch rate on the H+ concentration differs markedly for the two semiconductors. Surface analysis techniques provided information on the surface composition after etching: strongly non-stoichiometric porous (hydr)oxides on GaAs and a thin stoichiometric oxide that forms a blocking layer on InP. Reaction schemes are provided that allow one to understand the results, in particular the important difference in etch rate and the contrasting role of chloride in the dissolution of the two semiconductors.
THE SPECTRUM OF HYPEREOSINOPHILIA AND ASSOCIATED CLONAL DISORDERS – A REAL WORLD DATA FROM A TROPICAL SETTING.
Authors: Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Varma Neelam , Singh Sachdeva Man Updesh , Naseem Shano , Malhotra Pankaj , Bansal Deepak , Trehan Amita , Varma Subhash
Published: August 2018

Objective: To determine the frequency, etiological spectrum and treatment outcome of hypereosinophilia (HE) and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) in a tropical setting.Methods:  A retrospective analysis of hospital data of five years and a comprehensive prospective evaluation of patients presenting with HE/HES over a period of 33 months was performed.Results: HE/HES was diagnosed in total of 125 patients during study period with an estimated prevalence of 0.5-1 case per one lakh population in our hospital settings. Infections, especially helminthes were the commonest cause (34%) followed by primary/clonal HE/HES (24%) and reactive HE/HES secondary to various clonal disorders (14.3%). Lymphocytic variant of HES and FIP1L1-PDGFRA positive HES were diagnosed in 3.6% each.  Imatinib responsive BCR-ABL1 negative HE/HES constitute 7.1% in our patients.Conclusions: None of the clinical or routine laboratory features including the age of patients, duration of HE, presence or absence of organomegaly, hemoglobin levels, eosinophil %, absolute eosinophil count, total leukocyte count, platelet counts, serum IgE levels or presence of myelofibrosis can be used to predict or exclude malignancy in patients with HE/HES. The absence of blasts in peripheral blood or the absence of >5% blasts in bone marrow does not exclude primary/clonal HES. Clonal disorders (Primary HES and reactive HES secondary to clonal disorders; 38%) are diagnosed with nearly equal frequency compared to infections (34%) in tropical settings necessitating a thorough follow-up and comprehensive work-up in these patients.
MUTATIONAL PROFILES OF F8 AND F9 IN A COHORT OF HAEMOPHILIA A AND HAEMOPHILIA B PATIENTS IN THE MULTI-ETHNIC MALAYSIAN POPULATION
Authors: Zahari Maimiza , Sulaiman Siti Aishah , Othman Zulhabri , Ayob Yasmin , Abd Karim Faraizah , Jamal Rahman
Published: August 2018

Background: Haemophilia A (HA) and Haemophilia B (HB) are X-linked blood disorders that are caused by various mutations in the factor VIII (F8) and factor IX (F9) genes respectively. Identification of mutations is essential as some of the mutations are associated with the development of inhibitors. This study is the first comprehensive study of the F8 mutational profile in Malaysia.Materials and methods: We analysed 100 unrelated HA and 15 unrelated HB patients for genetic alterations in the F8 and F9 genes by using the long-range PCR, DNA sequencing, and the multiplex-ligation-dependent probe amplification assays. The prediction software was used to confirm the effects of these mutations on factor VIII and IX proteins.Results: 44 (53%) of the severe HA patients were positive for F8 intron 22 inversion, and three (3.6%) were positive for intron 1 inversion. There were 22 novel mutations in F8, including missense (8), frameshift (9), splice site (3), large deletion (1) and nonsense (1) mutations. In HB patients, four novel mutations were identified including the splice site (1), small deletion (1), large deletion (1) and missense (1) mutation.Discussion: The mutational spectrum of F8 in Malaysian patients is heterogeneous, with a slightly higher frequency of intron 22 inversion in these severe HA patients when compared to other Asian populations. Identification of these mutational profiles in F8 and F9 genes among Malaysian patients will provide a useful reference for the early detection and diagnosis of HA and HB in the Malaysian population.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT IN LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS
Authors: Sabatelli Mario , Laurenti Luca , Luigetti Marco
Published: August 2018

Peripheral neuropathies are a vast group of diseases with heterogeneous aetiologies, including genetic and acquired causes. Several haematological disorders may cause an impairment of the peripheral nervous system, with diverse mechanisms and variable clinical, electrophysiological and pathological manifestations. In this practical review we considered the main phenotypes of peripheral nervous diseases and examined the haematological disorders which may associate with each of them.The area of intersection of neurological and haematological fields is of particular complexity and raises several problems in clinical practice. The personal crosstalk between neurologists and haematologists remains a fundamental tool for  a proper diagnostic process  which  may lead to successful treatments in  most cases.
Applied Virtual Environments: Applications of Virtual Environments to Government, Military and Business Organizations
Authors: Allen Patrick D. , Demchak Chris C.
Published: August 2018

Virtual environments (VEs) such as Second Life or World of Warcraft can be more than entertainment; they also offer new ways to test concepts and prototypes, train employees, and anticipate actions of an opponent.  The U.S. military and other government organizations are applying VEs to support achieving training, operational, and rehearsal objectives.  Business enterprises are starting to use virtual realities to lower costs and increase capabilities.  This paper provides a systematic characterization and analysis of the features of VEs that improve organizational effectiveness.  The paper describes: first, the key elements of a virtual world; second, the Use Modes or methods by which virtual worlds can be used to achieve a wide range of business or military objectives; third, a categorization of the wide range of application areas to which VEs can be applied; and lastly, the current limitations, emerging opportunities, and future research recommendations for using VEs to achieve organizational objectives.
Changing thoughts towards digital literacy interventions for South African entrepreneurs
Authors: Steyn Riana A.
Published: August 2018

It has long been the focus of many countries around the world to see their entrepreneurs grow and to introduce interventions to assist them, as they realise the impact these entrepreneurs have on their economies. Technology is believed to be one of the biggest tools that entrepreneurs can use to assist them in growing sustainable businesses. There is an increased need for small businesses to employ information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance their businesses as part of their countries’ socio-economic development. This, in turn, leads to an increased need for digital literacy interventions for these entrepreneurs. Many interventions have tried to assist a country’s residents to adopt ICT and enhance their digital literacy levels. However, many of these did not have the desired outcomes. Many barriers prevent these initiatives from being successful, for example difficulty in retaining the current workforce, a lack of skills and human capital development, a lack of resources, security concerns, mistrust regarding ICT and ICT service providers and a lack of trust. Data were gathered over three years (2012, 2013 and 2017) to determine whether there has been any change in the uptake of technology over time, whether technology is indeed the answer to many entrepreneurs’ problems and whether some of the barriers could be overcome. An interpretivist paradigm using a qualitative approach was employed and 193 entrepreneurs were interviewed over three years to see if there was any change in their adoption of technology, which should be the case if one recognises the pace at which technology is changing. The identified barriers no longer seem to exist for South African entrepreneurs. It emerged that technology adoption and digital literacy studies should be industry-specific and should not be based on a generic approach. Thus, digital literacy cannot be used as a broad term and needs to be focused for each sector. This article proposes that most entrepreneurs have addressed one of the main barriers. These main barriers include a lack of expertise, in-house knowledge or a one-stop shop to assist with ICT queries and problems. Most of the entrepreneurs now have access to an information technology consultant or expert who can help them to become more digitally literate. Although many new technologies are being developed, certain standard software systems, such as the Microsoft Office package, will always be used. Thus, these standard software systems should be the focus of digital literacy training interventions. These interventions should be simple and easily accessible to everyone.
Detection of a climatological short break in the polar night jet in early winter and its relation to cooling over Siberia
Authors: Ando Yuta , Yamazaki Koji , Tachibana Yoshihiro , Ogi Masayo , Ukita Jinro
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The polar night jet (PNJ) is a strong stratospheric westerly circumpolar wind
at around 65∘ N in winter, and the strength of the climatological
PNJ is widely recognized to increase from October through late December.
Remarkably, the climatological PNJ temporarily stops increasing during late
November. We examined this “short break” in terms of the atmospheric dynamical
balance and the climatological seasonal march. We found that it results from
an increase in the upward propagation of climatological planetary waves from
the troposphere to the stratosphere in late November, which coincides with a
maximum of the climatological Eliassen–Palm (EP) flux convergence in the lower
stratosphere. The upward propagation of planetary waves at 100 hPa, which is
strongest over Siberia, is related to the climatological strengthening of the
tropospheric trough over Siberia. We suggest that longitudinally asymmetric
forcing by land–sea heating contrasts caused by their different heat
capacities can account for the strengthening of the trough.
High resolution EPICA ice core dust fluxes: intermittency, extremes and Holocene stability
Authors: Lovejoy Shaun , Lambert Fabrice
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Recent research in climate variability as a function of temporal or spatial scale has shown that the majority of the variance power lies in what has up until now been considered an unimportant background with relatively little power in well-known frequencies, such as daily, seasonal, or orbital oscillations. Atmospheric variability as a function of scale can be divided in various dynamical "regimes" with alternating increasing and decreasing fluctuations: weather, macroweather, climate, macroclimate, megaclimate. Although a vast amount of data is available at small scales, the larger picture is not well constrained due to the scarcity and low resolution of long paleoclimatic time-series. Here, we analyse a unique centimetric resolution dust flux series from the EPICA Dome C ice-core in Antarctica that spans the past 800 000 years. The temporal resolution is 5 years over the last 400 kyrs, and 25 years over the last 800 kyrs, enabling the detailed statistical analysis and comparison of eight glaciation cycles. The main spectral peak of the complete record is superposed on a scaling (power law) process and accounts for only 4–15 % of the variability, the rest being in the scaling continuum, thus inverting the classical notions of foreground and background processes. We analyzed the glacial-interglacial cycles using two definitions: a fixed duration of 100 kyrs (segments) and a variable duration defined by the interglacial dust minima (cycles). Segments and cycles were further divided into eight consecutive "phases". We found that the first two phases of each segment or cycle showed particularly large macroweather to climate transition scale Tc (around 2 kyrs), whereas later phases feature centennial transition scales (average of 250 kyr). This suggests that interglacials and glacial maxima are exceptionally stable when compared with the rest of a glacial cycle. The Holocene (with Tc ≈ 4 kyrs) had a particularly large Tc but it was not an outlier when compared with the phase 1 and 2 of other cycles. For each phase we quantified the drift, intermittency, and extremeness of the variability. Phases close to the interglacials (1, 2, 8) show low drift, moderate interm–7 display strong drift, weak intermittency, and weaker extremes.
Ideas: Photoelectrochemical carbon removal as negative emission
technology
Authors: May Matthias M. , Rehfeld Kira
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The pace of the transition to a low-carbon economy – especially in the fuels sector – is not high enough to achieve the 2 °C target limit for global warming by only cutting emissions. Most political roadmaps to tackle global warming implicitly rely on the timely availability of mature negative emission technologies, which actively invest energy to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it permanently. The models used as a basis for decarbonisation policies typically assume an implementation of such large-scale negative emission technologies starting around the year 2030, ramped up to cause net negative emissions in the second half of the century and balancing earlier CO2 release. On average, a contribution of −10 Gt CO2/year is expected by 2050.(Anderson and Peters, 2016) A viable approach for negative emissions should (i) rely on an unlimited source of energy (solar), (ii) result in a safely storable product (e.g. liquid or solid, not gaseous), (iii) be highly efficient in terms of water and energy use, to reduce the required land area and competition with water and food demands of a growing world population and (iv) be large-scale feasibility and affordability.
Advanced calibration of magnetometers on spin-stabilized
spacecraft based on parameter decoupling
Authors: Plaschke Ferdinand , Auster Hans-Ulrich , Fischer David , Fornaçon Karl-Heinz , Magnes Werner , Richter Ingo , Constantinescu Dragos , Narita Yasuhito
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Magnetometers are key instruments onboard spacecraft that probe the plasma environments of planets and other solar system bodies. The linear conversion of raw magnetometer outputs to fully calibrated magnetic field measurements requires the accurate knowledge of 12 calibration parameters: 6 angles, 3 gain factors, and 3 offset values. The in-flight determination of 8 of those 12 parameters is enormously supported if the spacecraft is spin stabilized, as an incorrect choice of those parameters will lead to systematic spin harmonic disturbances in the calibrated data. We show that published equations and algorithms for the determination of the 8 spin-related parameters are far from optimal, as they do not take into account the physical behavior of science-grade magnetometers and the influence of a varying spacecraft attitude on the in-flight calibration process. Here, we address these issues. Based on decades-long developments and experience in calibration activities at the Braunschweig University of Technology, we introduce advanced calibration equations, parameters, and algorithms. With their help, it is possible to decouple different effects on the calibration parameters, originating from the spacecraft or the magnetometer itself. A key point of the algorithms is the bulk determination of parameters and associated uncertainties. Lowest uncertainties are expected under parameter specific conditions. By application to THEMIS-C magnetometer measurements, we show where these conditions are fulfilled along a highly elliptical orbit around Earth.
Evaluation of the WRF lake module (v1.0) and its improvements at a deep reservoir
Authors: Wang Fushan , Ni Guangheng , Riley William J. , Tang Jinyun , Zhu Dejun , Sun Ting
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Large lakes and reservoirs play important roles in modulating regional hydrological cycles and climate; however, their representations in coupled models remain uncertain. The existing lake module in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) system (hereafter WRF-Lake), although widely used, did not accurately predict temperature profiles in deep lakes mainly due to poor lake surface property parameterizations and underestimation of heat transfer between lake layers. We therefore revised WRF-Lake by improving its (1) numerical discretization scheme; (2) surface property parameterization; (3) diffusivity parameterization for deep lakes; and (4) convection scheme, the outcome of which became WRF-rLake (i.e., revised lake model). We evaluated WRF-rLake by comparing simulated and measured water temperature at the Nuozhadu Reservoir, a deep reservoir in southwestern China. WRF-rLake performs better than its predecessor by reducing the root-mean-square-error (RMSE) against observed lake surface temperatures (LSTs) from 1.4 °C to 1.1 °C and consistently improving simulated vertical temperature profiles. We also evaluated the sensitivity of simulated water temperature and surface energy fluxes to various modelled lake processes and parameters. We found (1) large changes in surface heat fluxes (up to 60 W m−2) associated with the improved surface property parameterization and (2) that the simulated lake thermal structure depends strongly on the light extinction coefficient and vertical diffusivity. Although currently only evaluated at the Nuozhadu Reservoir, we expect that these model parameter and structural improvements could be universal and therefore recommend further testing at other deep lakes and reservoirs.
ESTUDO DE TENDÊNCIA DE VAZÕES DE RIOS DAS PRINCIPAIS BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Lira Flávia Almeida , Cardoso Andréa de Oliveira
Published: August 2018

A análise de tendências de vazões pode auxiliar no planejamento hídrico e nacompreensão do comportamento hidrológico. Este estudo objetivou analisartendências de vazões em bacias hidrográficas brasileiras, utilizando o métodode Mann-Kendall. Avaliaram-se tendências trimestrais e anuais de 16 postosfluviométricos distribuídos nas principais bacias. Os resultados apontamtendências positivas nas vazões anuais de 75% dos postos da Região Sul doBrasil e na faixa sul do Sudeste; e tendências negativas anuais de 50% dospostos na faixa norte do Sudeste e no Nordeste e Norte do país. Resultadossemelhantes foram observados nas vazões trimestrais. Observou-seainda tendência de intensificação dos extremos, principalmente no Sul eno Nordeste, o que pode intensificar ou gerar conflitos no uso da água ouaumentar a ocorrência de cheias, inundações e estiagens. Variabilidadesclimáticas e ações antrópicas são fatores que podem ter contribuído para astendências observadas.
TOXICIDADE DOS METAIS NÍQUEL E COBRE E SUA POSSÍVEL ATUAÇÃO COMO INTERFERENTES ENDÓCRINOS EM AMBIENTES AQUÁTICOS
Authors: Novaes Glaucia Helena Castro de Freitas , Aureliano Bianca Cadurim , Fragoso‑Moura Evelise Nunes , Cavalcante Werbate , Fracácio Renata
Published: August 2018

Apesar de serem originados de fontes naturais, o níquel é muito utilizadona produção de equipamentos e materiais de construção e o cobre éempregado em fios elétricos, canos, automóveis. Os metais cobre e níquelsão conhecidos pelo seu potencial tóxico ao ambiente aquático, além deserem elementos bioacumulativos e persistentes. O presente trabalhoteve como objetivos principais: 1) testar a toxicidade dos metais cobre eníquel; 2) avaliar o potencial como interferente endócrino dos referidosmetais. Diante do exposto, foram realizados testes crônicos utilizando oorganismo-modelo Danio rerio durante 21 dias de exposição com os metaiscobre (9 μg/L) e níquel (25 μg/L) em regime semiestático, com troca totalda água a cada 72 horas, temperatura de 25°C, com alimentação uma vezao dia. Posteriormente, os organismos foram eutanasiados e destinadosao procedimento de histologia com inclusão na parafina, coloração comhematoxilina e eosina (HE), para análises morfológicas de gônadas e fígado,utilizando microscópio de luz. Ambos os metais apresentaram alteraçõesmorfológicas nos tecidos hepáticos; o níquel mostrou ser potencialmenteum interferente endócrino, podendo comprometer o desenvolvimento daespécie e, consequentemente, da homeostase do ecossistema.
Constituição e feminismo entre gênero, raça e direito: das possibilidades de uma hermenêutica constitucional antiessencialista e decolonial
Authors: De Magalhães Gomes Camilla
Published: August 2018

Na tentativa de utilizar gênero e raça como categorias de leitura e interpretação da Constituição brasileira, nesses seus trinta anos de existência, o presente artigo promove, em primeiro lugar, uma discussão sobre a linguagem jurídica, para assentá-la como performatividade, e, em segundo, apresenta o direito como parte da colonialidade. Com essas duas bases teóricas, a performatividade e a colonialidade, entende-se a Constituição como texto performativo que cria realidades e que, para que possa ser interpretada de modo feminista, antiessencialista e decolonial, precisa revelar e reinscrever essa sua herança colonial. A defesa de uma hermenêutica constitucional de gênero e raça, assim, passará por pensar o corpo como categoria jurídica, desnaturalizando as compreensões que temos a seu respeito e tomando-o em suas múltiplas formas e vivências, para permitir mais em nossas leituras sobre o humano no direito e no constitucionalismo.
Universidad en el siglo XXI: ¿extensión, responsabilidad social universitaria, vínculo con el medio o conocimiento para el desarrollo de los territorios?
Authors: Castro Guillermo Williamson , Fuentes Néstor Contreras
Published: August 2018

La universidad en Chile enfrenta enormes desafíos producto de la crítica de movimientos sociales, indígenas, académicos, empresariales y de los partidos políticos debido a su distanciamiento factual de los grandes problemas que enfrentan los territorios y sus procesos de desarrollo. La búsqueda de respuestas a esos requerimientos, justos y democráticos, en el marco de una economía neoliberal, lleva a reflexionar críticamente sobre las relaciones entre la universidad y el territorio según las concepciones dominantes en diversos momentos o instancias en el país: extensión, responsabilidad social universitaria, vínculo con el medio. La reflexión se inicia con un análisis contextual de la realidad universitaria chilena respecto de la temática, luego se discute brevemente la cuestión del territorio para continuar revisando, de modo crítico, las concepciones que han marcado las interacciones con la sociedad desde 1990 a la fecha, para terminar presentando la propuesta actual: vínculo con el Medio, que se instala desde el estado –aún de modo inicial- como componente clave en los sistemas de aseguramiento de la calidad universitaria, particularmente en los procesos de acreditación. Finalmente plantea algunas conclusiones y realiza algunas propuestas desde una concepción de comunicación para el conocimiento orientado al desarrollo de los territorios.
Tessituras entre concepções, curricularização e avaliação da extensão universitária na formação do estudante
Authors: Silva Kátia Curado , Kochhann Andréa
Published: August 2018

Este artigo trata das concepções de extensão universitária na formação do estudante, da curricularização dessas atividades no processo formativo e da avaliação das ações extensionistas. Defende-se que as ações extensionistas influenciam na formação do estudante. Dessarte, é importante compreender qual concepção as atividades carregam e como ocorre seu movimento de avaliação, visto que estão em processo de validação curricular. A metodologia adotada foi qualitativa e bibliográfica, embasada no Plano Nacional de Educação (BRASIL, 2001a, 2014), no Plano Nacional de Extensão Universitária (BRASIL, 2001b, 2011), no Fórum dos Pró-Reitores de Extensão das Universidades Públicas Brasileiras (FORPROEX, 2001, 2012), no Ofício Circular MEC/Sesu n. 263 (BRASIL, 1994 apud REIS, 1996), em Reis (1993, 1995, 1996), entre outros. A tessitura entre a extensão e o processo formativo passa pela compreensão de que as atividades não podem ser de prestação de serviços e assistencialismo, mas acadêmicas, visando à transformação do real. A participação em projetos e programas de extensão deve compor, no mínimo, 10% dos créditos totais do currículo do estudante, como processo indissociável da pesquisa e do ensino. O acompanhamento e a avaliação das ações extensionistas devem ocorrer seguindo os critérios de indissociabilidade, interdisciplinaridade, interprofissionalidade, produção acadêmica, dialogicidade, transformação social e impacto na formação do estudante, estabelecidos pelo Forproex.
Contribuições de projeto de extensão à formação inicial em curso de Pedagogia em universidade pública
Authors: Silva Wiezzel Andreia Cristiane
Published: August 2018

Este artigo apresenta reflexões em torno da concepção, da execução e da avaliação de um projeto de extensão universitária desenvolvido no âmbito do programa Núcleos de Ensino da Universidade Estadual Paulista, no período de 2009 a 2016. O texto está organizado em quatro seções: a primeira apresenta, em linhas gerais, o programa Núcleo de Ensino; a segunda destaca a concepção, as bases teórico-metodológicas e o procedimento do projeto de extensão; a terceira seção aponta os resultados gerais obtidos sobre a população atendida, no caso, crianças com dificuldades nas relações interpessoais na escola; e a quarta traz a repercussão à formação dos universitários do curso de licenciatura envolvidos no trabalho. Conclui-se, a partir deste projeto, que a extensão universitária, em sua articulação com o ensino e a pesquisa, oportunizou formação diversificada e ampla aos alunos universitários, além de impactar na realidade das crianças participantes do projeto nas escolas públicas envolvidas. Diante desses resultados, fazem-se necessários aprofundar as discussões e ampliar essas práticas nos cursos de graduação.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Hypothermia After Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Kleimeyer John P. , Harris Alex H. S. , Sanford Joseph , Maloney William J. , Kadry Bassam , Bishop Julius A.
Published: August 2018

Introduction:

Postoperative hypothermia is a common complication of orthopaedic surgery associated with increased morbidity. We identified the incidence and risk factors for postoperative hypothermia across orthopaedic surgical procedures.

Methods:

A total of 3,822 procedures were reviewed. Hypothermia was defined as temperature <36.0°C. Incidences were calculated and associated risk factors were evaluated by mixed-effects regression analyses.

Results:

Hypothermia was observed in 72.5% of patients intraoperatively and 8.3% postoperatively. Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia included intraoperative hypothermia (odds ratio [OR], 2.72), lower preoperative temperature (OR, 1.46), female sex (OR, 1.42), lower body mass index (OR, 1.06 per kg/m2), older age (OR, 1.02 per year), adult reconstruction by specialty (OR, 4.06), and hip and pelvis procedures by anatomic region (OR, 8.76).

Discussion:

Intraoperative and postoperative hypothermia are common in patients who have undergone orthopaedic surgery. The high-risk groups identified in this study warrant increased attention and should be targets for interventions to prevent hypothermia and limit morbidity.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, prognostic study
Recurrent Fragility Fractures: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Dang Debbie Y. , Zetumer Samuel , Zhang Alan L.
Published: August 2018

Introduction:

Despite growing rates of fragility fractures, there has been a lack of research investigating the risk and characteristics of recurrent fragility fractures.

Methods:

The Medicare Standard Analytic Files database was used to identify patients from 2005 to 2009 who were older than 65 years, had a diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteopenia, and sustained a fragility fracture of the proximal humerus, distal radius, hip, ankle, or vertebral column. The incidence and type of recurrent fragility fracture were tracked over a 36-month period.

Results:

A total of 1,059,212 patients had an initial fragility fracture from 2005 to 2009. Of these patients, 5.8% had a subsequent fragility fracture within 1 year for their initial fracture, 8.8% within 2 years, and 11.3% within 3 years. At 3-year follow-up, hip fractures were the most common type of subsequent fracture, regardless of the initial fracture type (6.5%, P < 0.001). Vertebral compression and proximal humerus fractures (13.8% and 13.2%, respectively) were most likely to be associated with a recurrent fragility fracture.

Conclusion:

Patients who have any type of fragility fracture have a notable risk of subsequent fractures within 3 years, especially hip fractures. These patients should be evaluated and treated for underlying risks factors, including osteoporosis and/or osteopenia.

Level of Evidence:

Retrospective, level III
Services Marketing Mix of Starbucks Coffee in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Koojaroenprasit Sauwaluck
Published: August 2018

The purposes of this study were to identify the importance of services marketing mix influencing the Starbucks consumers in Bangkok, Thailand, to examine the relationship between personal factors and consumer behaviors and to examine the relationship between services marketing mix and consumers behaviors.A questionnaire survey was used. The sample was 400 Starbucks coffee consumers. It was found that the respondents were female and male of 63.90 percent and 36.10 percent respectively. The majority respondents were in age group 21-30 years old, the majority occupation were office workers with level of monthly income more than 30,000 baht. The majority of respondents went to Starbucks coffee 1-2 times a week. The average expenditure of each purchase was 101-200 baht with the beverage size of Grande (16 oz.).The majority favorite beverage was Iced Cappuccino. The reason for buying Starbucks beverages was the flavor of coffee.The results indicated that the most importance of services marketing mix was product, process, people, place, physical environment, promotion and price, respectively. Both personal factors and components of services marketing mix affected consumer behaviors. The results showed that gender affected three consumer behaviors; the frequency of visit at Starbucks shop, cup sizes and favorite beverage. Career affected all five consumer behaviors. Age affected the frequency of visit the Starbucks shop and favorite beverage. While education and income level affected two consumer behaviors; the frequency of visit the Starbucks coffee shop and expenditure of each purchase.
Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Sun Alyssa
Published: August 2018

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2018.
Measuring the restorativeness of restorative justice: the case of the Mosaica Jerusalem Programme
Authors: Gal Tali , Dancig-Rosenberg Hadar , Enosh Guy
Published: August 2018

Measuring the restorativeness of restorative justice: the case of the Mosaica Jerusalem Programme

This study uses a Jerusalem-based restorative justice programme as a case study to characterise community restorative justice (CRJ) conferences. On the basis of the Criminal Law Taxonomy, an analytical instrument that includes seventeen measurable characteristics, it examines the procedural elements of the conferences, their content, goals and the role of participants. The analysis uncovers an unprecedented multiplicity of conference characteristics, including the level of flexibility, the existence of victim-offender dialogue, the involvement of the community and a focus on rehabilitative, future-oriented outcomes. The findings offer new insights regarding the theory and practice of CRJ and the gaps between the two.
Rhinoscleroma
Authors: Umphress Brandon , Raparia Kirtee
Published: August 2018

Context.—

Rhinoscleroma is a rare, chronic, infectious granulomatous process involving the upper respiratory tract caused by gram-negative bacilli, Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. The site most commonly affected is the nasopharynx; however, lesions in various other locations have been described.

Objective.—

To review the literature for all the reported cases of rhinoscleroma in the past 5 years.

Data Sources.—

Published cases of rhinoscleroma from a PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, Maryland) search were reviewed.

Conclusions.—

Rhinoscleroma in nonendemic regions is extremely rare; however, with increased travel, immigration, and globalization, it is imperative to recognize this entity because the symptoms can be devastating and in some cases fatal. Although nasopharynx is the common site of involvement, unusual sites such as the trachea can be involved in rare cases. Rhinoscleroma can be managed effectively with a combination of antibiotics and surgical debridement and repair; however, recurrence rates do remain high.
Cianofíceas de solo e calçamento no Campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Bertagnolli Marlene Pilecco , Prado João Fernando
Published: August 2018

The work consists in a taxonomic survey and classification of genera of blue green algae from soil and paving, which were found in eight samplis and conducted in five stations in the Campus or Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Twenty two genera were obtained and distributed in five families and three orders.
The Art of Curve Stitching: A Creative Mathematics Project for Students
Authors: Garfinkel Kate , Albrecht Masha
Published: August 2018

Many essential ideas in mathematics depend on the practice of using multiple straight segments to approximate a curve. Certainly, this notion is an underpinning of calculus. Curve stitching is an art form that illustrates this idea: The artist uses many straight stitches to create the illusion of a curving shape. We created and assigned a curve-stitching project for an algebra unit, and in this article we include our handouts, sample student work, and our grading rubric in addition to our reflections on the activity.
Four Ways to Determine Equivalent Ratios
Authors: Martinez Ricardo , Yeong Ji
Published: August 2018

Ratios and proportions are important concepts that occur in real life, but they are difficult to learn and complicated to teach (Lamon 2007). In general, proportional reasoning in the middle grades is an area in need of attention because of its connection to later concepts (Ojose 2015). In this article, we explain the meanings of ratios, proportions, and equivalent ratios and then provide useful methods to determine equivalent ratios using students' examples. Because multiple definitions exist, it is necessary to determine definitions to avoid possible confusion. Johnson (2010) defines a ratio as a pair of positive nonzero real numbers such that there are a units for every b units, written a:b; read a to b; and represented as a fraction, a/b. We follow definitions suggested by the writers of the Common Core (CCSSI 2010): Fraction representation is known as the associated unit rate or the value of a ratio A:B and is found by dividing B into A, where “equivalent ratios have the same unit rate” (McCallum, Zimba, and Daro 2011). Using both contextual and noncontextual proportion tasks, we saw various ways that students found the equivalency of ratios as well as misconceptions they have.
Mood self-assessment in children from the age of 7
Authors: Simoës-Perlant Aurélie , Lemercier Céline , Pêcher Christelle , Benintendi-Medjaoued Sarah
Published: August 2018

The evaluation of emotions is one of the main challenges facing theorists and applied psychology researchers. In children, in order to focus on subjective feelings, psychologists mainly use non-verbal scales that measure both the intensity and valence of the emotions felt. The use of these scales poses a main research questions: What is the children’s knowledge of the emotion presented? In order to properly assess the emotional state of a child, it is first necessary to measure the child’s understanding of the major characteristics of emotion. Secondly, it is important to assess the child’s ability to designate the primary emotion associated with a particular situation, and assess how these emotional situations alters their own assessment of their emotional state. This research aims to know if children from the age of seven to eleven can be emotionally induced and if this induction varies in the lifespan.
Emotional intelligence and self-perception in adolescents
Authors: Calero Alejandra Daniela , Barreyro Juan Pablo , Injoque-Ricle Irene
Published: August 2018

Emotional intelligence includes self-perception regarding attention to feelings, clarity of feelings and mood repair. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between emotional intelligence, self-concept, and self-esteem. The sample included 137 adolescents from Buenos Aires City, that attended middle school, with a mean age of 13.12 years old (SD = 1.79). Correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed. Results showed significant positive correlations between self-esteem and clarity of feelings on the complete sample and the female subsample, and between mood repair and self-esteem on the male subsample. The linear regression analyses showed results on the same line. It´s concluded that positive self-evaluation regarding emotions, emotion comprehension and recovery can minimize the effect of negative experiences.
Reconsidering the differences between shame and guilt
Authors: Miceli Maria , Castelfranchi Cristiano
Published: August 2018

Although most researchers maintain that shame and guilt are distinct emotions, the debate on their differences is still open. We aim to show that some of the current distinctions between shame and guilt need to be redrawn, and their adaptive and social implications need to be revisited. We suggest the following distinguishing criteria: the kind of self-evaluation involved (inadequacy versus harmfulness); one’s focus on the perceived discrepancy between actual and ideal self versus one’s focus on the perceived responsibility for one’s fault; and consequently the different domains of self-esteem involved. Although these criteria have been in part suggested or alluded to in the relevant literature, we use and integrate them with each other in a novel way. This allows to better distinguish between shame and guilt, as well as to account for their possible coexistence or the shift from one emotion to the other.
Exploring performance calibration in relation to better or worse than average effect in physical education
Authors: Kolovelonis Athanasios , Dimitriou Eleni
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study was to explore students’ calibration of sport performance in relation to better or worse than average effect in physical education settings. Participants were 147 fifth and sixth grade students (71 boys, 76 girls) who were tested in a soccer passing accuracy test after they had provided estimations for their own and their peers’ performance in this test. Based on students’ actual and estimated performance, calibration indexes of accuracy and bias were calculated. Moreover, students were classified in better, worse, or equal than average groups based on estimated scores of their own and their peers’ average performance. Results showed that students overestimated their own performance while most of them believed that their own performance was worse than their peers’ average performance. No significant differences in calibration accuracy of soccer passing were found between better, worse, or equal than average groups of students. These results were discussed with reference to previous calibration research evidence and theoretical and practical implications for self-regulated learning and performance calibration in physical education.
The possible as a field of inquiry
Authors: Glăveanu Vlad Petre
Published: August 2018

In this editorial I introduce the possible as an emerging field of inquiry in psychology and related disciplines. Over the past decades, significant advances have been made in connected areas – counterfactual thinking, anticipation, prospection, imagination and creativity, etc. – and several calls have been formulated in the social sciences to study human beings and societies as systems that are open to possibility and to the future. However, engaging with the possible, in the sense of both becoming aware of it and actively exploring it, represents a subject in need of further theoretical elaboration. In this paper, I review several existing approaches to the possible before briefly outlining a new, sociocultural account. While the former are focused on cognitive processes and uphold the old dichotomy between the possible and the actual or real, the latter grows out of a social ontology grounded in notions of difference, positions, perspectives, reflexivity, and dialogue. In the end, I argue that a better understanding of the possible can help us cultivate it in both mind and society.
REVERSE ENGINEERING USING PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND SEGMENTATION FOR INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES
Authors: COSIDO COBOS OSCAR , SALCINES MENEZO ALBERTO , LOUCERA MUÑECAS CARLOS , LORENZANA IBAN ANTOLIN
Published: August 2018

This paper presents an interdisciplinary approach to achieve a new working method for the three-dimensional modeling of buildings and structures. Using conventional digital cameras, the main achievement is the reduction of costs and time involved in the process of gathering information, keeping the dimensional accuracy. The results of this methodology are precise 3D models that are valid for reverse drawing documentation, structural assessment and retrofitting of existing buildings.

Keywords: photogrammetry, tridimensional reconstruction, 3d modeling, structures, segmentation