bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The POTRET EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN DARING (E-LEARNING) MAHASISWA KESEHATAN DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Astuti Lisa Dwi
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAK

Pembelajaran dengan metode konvesional (tatap muka) saat ini tidak memungkinkan untuk dilaksanakan di masa pandemic COVID-19, namun kompetensi dan ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran merupakan hal yang mutlak untuk dikuasai mahasiswa. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut adalah dengan pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran evaluasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring bagi mahasiswa kesehatan di Stikes Panti Wilasa Semarang. Jenis penelitian evaluasi program, metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, menggunakan metode evaluasi program CIPP. Jumlah sampel 68 responden yang dipilih secara simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner yang dibagikan dalam whatsapp group. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan selama pembelajaran daring 42,65% responden berada di kost/rumah di pulau Jawa, 95,59% responden mampu mengoperasikan sarana belajar secara mandiri, 47,05% responden menggunakan sarana handphone dan laptop pribadi, 80,88% responden menggunakan kuota internet, 94,12% belum pernah mendapatkan bantuan kuota internet, 76,47% responden mengalami kendala saat pembelajaran daring, 47,05% menggunakan aplikasi google classroom, 69,12% responden menilai pembelajaran daring sesuai RPS, 39,71% responden menilai jadwal perkuliahan kurang sesuai dengan jadwal kuliah, 58,82% responden  cukup paham dengan materi yang disampaikan

 

Kata kunci : evaluasi, pembelajaran daring, mahasiswa

 

ABSTRACT

Learning using the conventional method (face-to-face) is currently not possible to be carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic, however competence and achievement of learning objectives are essential for students. One alternative that can be used to overcome these obstacles is online learning (e-learning). This study aims to provide an overview of the evaluation of the implementation of e-learning for health students at Stikes Panti Wilasa Semarang. This type of program evaluation research, quantitative method with a descriptive approach, using the CIPP program evaluation method. The number of samples was 68 respondents who were selected by simple random sampling. Collecting data by means of a questionnaire distributed in the WhatsApp group. The results of this study indicate that during online learning 42.65% of respondents are in a boarding house / house on the island of Java, 95.59% of respondents are able to operate learning facilities independently, 47.05% of respondents use personal cellphones and laptops, 80.88% of respondents using internet quota, 94.12% have never received internet quota assistance, 76.47% of respondents experienced problems when learning online, 47.05% used the google classroom application, 69.12% of respondents rated online learning according to RPS, 39.71% Respondents considered the lecture schedule was not in accordance with the class schedule, 58.82% of respondents quite understood the material presented.

Keywords: evaluation, online learning, student
Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage in Support to Post-war Biak Tourism
Authors: Evi Aryati Arbay  , Bambang Shergi Laksmono
Published: December 2020

The Biak battle was part of World War II and fought by the United States Army and the Japanese Army in 1944. Out of the 24,000 soldiers from both sides involved in the war, 6,600 were killed; 6,100 of them were the Japanese soldiers. Remnants of war and remains of the fallen soldiers scattered in post-war Biak. The war zone then started to get visits from the Japanese for pilgrimage, remnants of war were unearthed and human remains were cremated and repatriated. The battlefield drew more tourists’ interest for the dark tourism experience. Remnants of war became valuable tangible items while war history and mystical cave atmosphere became intangible items. The study aimed at exploring issues in importance and preservation of tangible and intangible in support to post-war Biak tourism. It turned out that the post-war tangible and intangible heritage in Biak require better handling and management in support to post-war Biak tourism sustainability.
LA ORIENTACIÓN FAMILIAR COMO UNA ALTERNATIVA PARA OPTIMIZAR LA CALIDAD DE LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA BOLIVARIANA
Authors: García Alis Alicia
Published: December 2020

La educación básica es el encuentro de los niños y niñas con la educación formal. Es por ello que la vinculación de los padres y representantes es vital para el logro de un aprendizaje significativo. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue proponer estrategias de orientación familiar como alternativa para la optimización de la integración familiar en función de la calidad educativa en la Escuela Primaria Bolivariana Libertador. La investigación se enmarca en el paradigma positivista, con un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental. La modalidad fue proyecto factible, apoyada en una investigación de campo, de nivel descriptivo. La población objeto de estudio la constituyeron 10 Docentes y 20 Padres y/o Representantes. Como técnica de recolección de datos se utilizó la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario. La técnica de análisis de datos fue el estudio estadístico. Los resultados confirman la poca o nula participación de los padres y representantes en el plantel educativo donde cursa estudios su niño –niña. Se concluye que tanto los docentes como los padres y representantes están conscientes de que la familia debe participar en las diversas actividades planificadas en el plantel en general, como de las aulas en particular, donde estudia su representado. Se sugiere estrategias para que el personal directivo enconcordancia con los docentes de aula realice planificaciones que integren a la familia y todos los involucrados en el proceso educativo.
Standard Maintenance Practice for Feed Pellet Operation
Authors: Pagolu Sreenivasa Rao
Published: December 2020

Plant Engineering, Maintenance, Repair and over hauling are most important in manufacturing industries. The aim of this paper is to identify and suggest good standard maintenance practice for feed milling operation in an animal feed manufacturing unit. It derives various results based on practical implementation in feed mill operation and data provided are an actual drawn in feed mill in a feed manufacturing industry. The outcome is discussed and studied in compare with standard maintenance practices.
Development and Research Implementation of Remote Object Monitoring Through Video Streaming Based on Android Mobile
Authors: Kumar Sumit
Published: December 2020

Android is a bright young, vibrant, completely open source mobile platform packing warm chirpy waves in the world all around. Android is the first open source software toolkit for mobile environment. Economic Techno Commercial incentives through Market Android has been kindling a tremendous stimulations to technical developers worldwide and has promoted Techno Entrepreneurial influence to Developers as a social boon of Google Android to the Society & Fraternity. This research paper explores the concept of video streaming by implementing Android Applications and uploading the Apps on Android Market. Application for online stored video streaming has been developed. Along with Object Monitoring with Webcam fitted in Laptop and USB based Web Camera works fine with VLC Media Player for capturing Live Video uploading on Media Server which can watched on Android Mobile by authenticating the application. The same concept has been implemented on Android Mobile by capturing video with Mobile Camera uploading the MJPG video on IP network which can be observed on VLC or any supported browser. The system implemented can be used as video surveillance and monitoring application to monitor objects in remote locations and makes use of the camera on the Mobile or Laptop device to capture real time video image from remote stations which is then streamed over the WiFi network so that the video can be viewed on VLC media player as well as browser applications. Android based Webserver application is customized to work as Media Server for this research paper. Finally the Processor Performance Analysis is done to compare the two Video Streaming application for the performance of Processor while each of them is running on Android Mobile The project finds application in Healthcare monitoring, Employee surveillance, Patient monitoring, Baby monitoring, Pets and Remote Location monitoring. It can be implemented for automatic surveillance of Students of Examination centers by Controller of Examination and several other remote video surveillance applications. The applications covered in the research papers has been successfully accepted and uploaded in Android Market by Google.
Buyer-Supplier Relationship and E-Commerce-An overview
Authors: Moharana Himanshu Sekhar , Sarangi Bimal , Sahoo Binaya Biswaranjan , Sahoo D. K
Published: December 2020

Information exchange between the buyer and supplier is an important aspect of supply chain management. Business to Business e-commerce helps firms to share information, maintain relationships, and conduct transactions more efficiently. The choice of e-commerce transactions will influence, and as well as affect, the relationships between exchange parties. In this paper, we examine a collection of diverse studies on EDI and e-marketplace from marketing and information systems literatures. Findings for managers considering choices on e-commerce transaction mechanisms will provide a more consistent understanding of buyersupplier relationships in the e-commerce context.
Surface To Surface Map Algorithm For Protein - Small Molecule Matching
Authors: Gupta Neha , Bajaj Megha
Published: December 2020

Current methods for protein analysis are based on either sequence similarity or comparison of overall tertiary structure. These conserved primary sequences or 3-dimensional structures may imply similar functional characteristics. However, substrate or
ligand binding sites usually reside on or near protein surface, so, similarly shaped surface regions could imply similar functions. Our current work includes development of an algorithm that would allow surface matching over specific regions on related proteins with
an output equal to the match percentage between two proteins. Initial results indicate that we can successfully match a family of related active sites, and find their similarly shaped surface regions. This method of surface analysis could be extended to help us
understand functional surface relationship between the proteins within which there is no relationship in sequence or overall structure.
An Algorithm to Detect Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Authors: i Sain Radhika , Khari Manju
Published: December 2020

Each node in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) communicates with each other for transferring the packet (or data) to destination node. Any anomalous behavior of a node can confine it from executing this operation and even can disturb the whole network process. Therefore, the need of monitoring the nodes arises to keep a check on the
behavior of a node. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to monitor the nodes & to check if a node is any under attack or not. Moreover, a second layer of security is added which is furnished by a test bed to monitor the nodes.
An Investigation On The Concept Of Triage In The Event Of Disasters And Emergences: Definition, Ethical Decision-Making
Authors: CANATAN Hacer
Published: December 2020

All rescuers and health professionals, who take part in minimizing injuries and deaths depending on the status of a disaster and emergency in case of an extraordinary incident, undertake great responsibilities. Disaster triage decision is a vital practice to save as many human lives as possible by using the right methods fast and effectively, with a focus on creating optimal benefit. Ethical decision-making and ethical dilemma problems may arise during disasters. The effectiveness of disaster triage services has been established for all disaster service workers. The goal of this study is to provide suggestions to all rescuers and health professionals with regards to making ethical decisions and cope with ethical dilemmas they may face during triage. This study has been prepared by analyzing national/international reports and national documents and reviewing documents from electronic databases and printed resources by taking previously published resources as a basis. This study is a document analysis study based on investigation of reports. The amount of basic medical resources and the number of intervening healthcare professionals are limited during disasters, therefore triage applications during disasters are crucial to reducing the number of preventable mortality and morbidity. It is a fact that healthcare professionals' ethical knowledge level regarding disaster triage has an impact on their ability to make triage decisions. It is inevitable for them to fall into ethical dilemmas due to various factors during triage. In this section, examples from world literature and studies from our country will be presented. Meaningful suggestions will be made at the end of the study.
Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue as a predictor of high-grade renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Rodríguez Covarrubias Francisco
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: information about the influence of abdominal adipose tissue on the prognosis and aggressiveness of renal cell carcinoma is scarce.OBJECTIVE: to identify and quantify the relationship between abdominal adipose tissue and histopathologic characteristics of renal cell carcinoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: data on patients with renal cell carcinoma treated with partial or radical nephrectomy were retrospectively collected. Visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured on preoperative computerized tomography scans. Histopathologic (pathologic 2002 TNM classification, tumor size, nuclear grade, necrosis, and metastasis) and clinical (sex, age, body mass index) variables were assessed. Visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue were adjusted by patient height (VAT-I and SAT-I). The association between adipose tissue measurements, patient characteristics, and histopathologic variables was assessed through a correlation, comparison, and regression analysis. A survival analysis was also carried out.RESULTS: one-hundred and five patients were included. No significant relationship between visceral adipose tissue and histopathologic characteristics was found. SAT-I was a significant variable inversely related to sex, but more importantly to nuclear grade, pN+, and necrosis. There was no influence of visceral adipose tissue or subcutaneous adipose tissue on survival.CONCLUSIONS: subcutaneous adipose tissue was related to the histopathologic characteristics of renal cell carcinoma. A larger amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue predicted a low nuclear grade and a lower frequency of pN+ and necrosis. Further study to clarify the interaction between adipose tissue and renal cell carcinoma biology is required.KEY WORDS: renal cell carcinoma, subcutaneous-abdominal adipose tissue, prognosis
Primer estudio mexicano comparativo entre prostatectomía radical abierta y asistida por robot
Authors: Herrera Muñoz Javier Antonio
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: hay controversia en cuanto a los resultados perioperatorios, oncológicos y funcionales entre la prostatectomía radical abierta versus prostatectomía radical laparoscópica asistida por robot.OBJETIVO: comparar los resultados perioperatorios, oncológicos y funcionales entre la prostatectomía radical abierta versus prostatectomía radical laparoscópica asistida por robot.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico, efectuado mediante el análisis de los expedientes de pacientes posoperados de prostatectomía radical laparoscópica asistida por robot y prostatectomía radical abierta, de enero de 2012 a junio de 2016. Se analizaron variables preoperatorias (edad, estado funcional según los criterios del ECOG, comorbilidades, concentración de antígeno prostático específico, escala de Gleason y grupo de riesgo de la NCCN), perioperatorias (sangrando transoperatorio, tiempo quirúrgico, requerimiento de transfusión sanguínea, días de estancia hospitalaria, tiempo de permanencia de la sonda transuretral y complicaciones posquirúrgicas) y oncológicas (estadio clínico, criterios de Gleason de la pieza quirúrgica, márgenes positivos, persistencia y recurrencia bioquímica de la enfermedad; continencia urinaria [3, 6 y 12 meses] y potencia o desempeño sexual [6 y 12]). Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS; se calcularon frecuencias y pruebas de normalidad. Se implementó la c2 de Pearson para variables cualitativas, y t de Student y U de Mann-Whitney para variables cuantitativas.RESULTADOS: se registraron 35 pacientes con prostatectomía radical laparoscópica asistida por robot y 36 con prostatectomía radical abierta. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 64 vs 63 años; tiempo quirúrgico de 286 ± 68 vs 225 ± 65 minutos (p<0.001); sangrando transoperatorio de 869 ± 657 vs 1567 1110 mL (p=0.001); tasa de transfusión de 37 vs 47% (p=0.26), respectivamente, y estancia hospitalaria de 5 días para ambos procedimientos. Se registraron complicaciones posquirúrgicas en 29 vs 28% (p=0.58) de los pacientes; márgenes positivos de 63 vs 33% (p=0.01) y tasa de continencia a los 3 meses de 57 vs 53% (p=0.7), respectivamente. El seguimiento de los pacientes con prostatectomía asistida por robot fue de 3 a 21 meses y de prostatectomía radical abierta de 1 a 4 años.CONCLUSIONES: este estudio confirma las ventajas de la prostatectomía radical laparoscópica asistida por robot: menor sangrado transoperatorio y de trasfusión; los parámetros restantes fueron similares, pero no inferiores, a los de la prostatectomía radical abierta. PALABRAS CLAVE: prostatectomía radical laparoscópica asistida por robot, prostatectomía radical abierta.
Origen, evolución y tratamiento de la estenosis uretral en un centro de referencia de México
Authors: Ruiz Hernández José Alfredo
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: la estenosis uretral es una alteración provocada por una cicatriz que disminuye el lumen de la uretra. Hasta el momento existe información limitada del tratamiento y evolución de la enfermedad en la población mexicana.OBJETIVO: evaluar el origen, tratamiento quirúrgico y evolución de pacientes con estenosis uretral en un centro de concentración mexicano.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio retrospectivo, del que se obtuvieron los datos de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Central Militar con diagnóstico de estenosis uretral, intervenidos quirúrgicamente entre febrero de 2012 y junio de 2016.RESULTADOS: se identificaron 174 pacientes intervenidos de estenosis uretral con edad promedio de 58.2 años. El 94.2% (164) de los casos se intervino por estenosis de uretra anterior y 5.8% (10) posterior. La uretrotomía interna fue la cirugía más frecuente en 70.1% (115; 78 con láser y 37 con corte en frío) de los pacientes con estenosis de uretra anterior, con tasas de éxito de 68.5% en el primer procedimiento y de 81.3% en uretroplastia con injerto de mucosa oral. La uretroplastia término-terminal fue el principal procedimiento en 60% de los pacientes con uretra posterior, con tasa de éxito de 61.5%. En total se realizaron 41 uretroplastias (35 uretra anterior, 6 uretra posterior), con tasa de éxito de 73.8%.CONCLUSIONES: las tasas de éxito de la uretrotomía interna y la uretroplastia son similares a las obtenidas en los centros de referencia mundial.PALABRAS CLAVE: estenosis uretral; uretroplastia; uretrotomía interna.
Sistema de cierre asistido por vacío en el tratamiento de la gangrena de Fournier: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Preciado Estrella Diego
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: la gangrena de Fournier es un proceso inflamatorioinfeccioso, agudo y fulminante que produce necrosis de la piel y fascias del escroto, pene y periné, incluso puede provocar la muerte en 45% de los casos.CASO CLÍNICO: paciente de 62 años de edad, sin alteraciones de importancia para el padecimiento actual, con antecedente de intervención quirúrgica por estenosis de uretra una semana previa al ingreso hospitalario. A la exploración física se encontró edema, eritema genital y perineal, que se extendía hacia ambas ingles e hipogastrio, sin afectación del ano. Las pruebas de laboratorio reportaron concentración de 32,000 leucocitos y bandemia con índice de severidad de 10 puntos de gangrena de Fournier. Se realizó debridación agresiva de los genitales y el periné, donde se encontró necrosis y exudado purulento que se infiltraba y extendía a las fascias de Camper, Scarpa y aponeurosis anterior hasta 10 cm por arriba de la sínfisis del pubis. Se continuó con debridamiento y a partir del tercer lavado se implementó el sistema de cierre asistido por vacío, hasta completar 5 lavados más en quirófano, con cambio del sistema. El paciente evolucionó adecuadamente, por lo que egresó a los 24 días postratamiento.CONCLUSIÓN: el sistema de cierre asistido por vacío representa un método efectivo, útil y reproducible en pacientes con gangrena de Fournier. Garantiza buenos resultados funcionales y estéticos, además de disminuir las complicaciones y estancia hospitalarias.PALABRAS CLAVE: gangrena de Fournier, sistema de cierre asistido por vacío.
Aspectos actuales en el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres
Authors: Téllez Díaz Trujillo Jorge Augusto
Published: December 2020

De acuerdo con la Sociedad Internacional de Incontinencia, la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo se define como la salida involuntaria de orina con esfuerzo físico al toser o estornudar. La prevalencia estimada de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo es de 49%. Entre los factores de riesgo se encuentran: edad, embarazo y paridad; antecedentes de histerectomía, obesidad y radiación pélvica. Se han descrito múltiples estrategias de tratamiento para la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, desde un protocolo conservador, con entrenamiento vesical y cambios en el estilo de vida, hasta intervención quirúrgica. Actualmente, el tratamiento de primera línea para la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo es el cabestrillo mediouretral, que es el patrón de referencia con el que se comparan los demás tratamientos quirúrgicos. El tratamiento correctivo es importante para mejorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes que padecen dicha enfermedad.PALABRAS CLAVE: incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, entrenamiento vesical, cabestrillo mediouretral.
Del autor hasta su publicación.
Authors: Guzmán Esquivel José
Published: December 2020

El tiempo actual apresura los pasos, corre contra el tiempo y deja en el camino la parsimonia y la calma que tiene la observación.Las revistas médicas, por su parte, han tenido cambios de la misma forma: acelerada y en  constante movimiento, porque así lo marcan los tiempos y quien no se adapta o no se mueve, queda rezagado, dejado y olvidado.Parte de este editorial está basado en el reporte publicado en 2015 por la Asociación Internacional de Editores Científicos, Técnicos y Médicos (STM), que se refiere a una gran variedad de conceptos y al análisis de reportes de informes relacionados con la publicación.
Bloqueo regional genital en urología
Authors: Carrillo Cordova Luis Daniel , Carrillo-Córdova Jorge Raul , Villena-Lopez Elba Luz , Carrillo-Esper Raul
Published: December 2020

El bloqueo regional genital en urología ofrece ventajas como: menor tiempo de estancia hospitalaria y de complicaciones relacionadas con la técnica anestésica, mejor control del dolor peri y posoperatorio y disminución de costos asociados con la cirugía. Este tipo de bloqueo se utiliza para efectuar diversos procedimientos quirúrgicos en los genitales, principalmente: circuncisión, meatotomía, corrección de la enfermedad de Peyronie, incisión dorsal del prepucio, inserción de prótesis del pene, cirugía escrotal y testicular, hidrocelectomía, quiste de epidídimo, vasectomía, varicocelectomía, biopsia testicular, orquiectomía y orquidopexia. Esta revisión describe las técnicas de bloqueo genital en urología.PALABRAS CLAVE: bloqueo regional genital, bloqueo del pene, bloqueo en urología.
Efecto de la electroestimulación percutánea del nervio tibial en pacientes con enuresis monosintomática. Experiencia inicial en México
Authors: Pérez Martínez Carlos
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: Analizar el efecto de seis sesiones de neuromodulación por electroestimulación del nervio tibial posterior en pacientes con enuresis monosintomática resistente al tratamiento y describir los factores de riesgo de la técnica.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, controlado y prospectivo, efectuado en pacientes de 6 a 15 años de edad, con antecedente de enuresis monosintomática de seis meses de evolución, sin reacción al tratamiento de primera y segunda línea. Los pacientes se asignaron al azar a dos grupos: 1) grupo activo (con electroestimulación) y 2) grupo placebo (sin electroestimulación), a quienes se aplicaron seis sesiones de neuromodulación por electroestimulación del nervio tibial posterior (grupo activo) o seis sesiones simuladas (grupo placebo). Se analizaron las variables de edad, nivel socioeconómico, sexo, evolución de la enuresis, diario vesical (antes y después del tratamiento) y uroflujometría. Para determinar la normalidad de los datos se aplicó la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk. La comparación entre grupos por sexo y tipo de tratamiento se realizó con la prueba paramétrica t de Student.RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 8 pacientes: 4 niñas y 4 niños, con promedio de edad de 10.6 ± 1.6 años. La edad y el sexo no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La mejoría de los pacientes (noches secas) fue de 80 ± 7.5% en el grupo activo vs 3.7 ± 1.2% en el grupo placebo (p<0.001). Los efectos adversos fueron escasos.CONCLUSIONES: La neuromodulación por electroestimulación del nervio tibial posterior durante seis sesiones es efectiva en el tratamiento de pacientes con enuresis monosintomática resistente al tratamiento; es una técnica de bajo costo, fácilmente reproducible y con efectos adversos casi nulos.PALABRAS CLAVE: Enuresis; nervio tibial; vejiga.
Carcinoma avanzado de conductos colectores. Reporte de tres casos
Authors: Almeida-Magaña Ricardo , Aguilar-Davidov Bernardo , Priego-Niño Alejandro , Castillo-Canto Carlos
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: El carcinoma de conductos colectores es una neoplasia de células renales, extremadamente rara, cuya incidencia varía de 0.5 a 3% de los tumores malignos del riñón. Es un tumor agresivo, de crecimiento local, rápidamente invasivo y con evolución a metástasis temprana.CASO CLÍNICO: Se reportan tres casos de carcinoma de conductos colectores en etapas avanzadas confirmado mediante estudio histológico. Se revisaron las características clínicas de manera retrospectiva. Todos los pacientes tenían antecedente de tabaquismo, no manifestaban síntomas al momento del diagnóstico y se estadificaron en etapa clínica avanzada. Todos los pacientes fueron tratados con nefrectomía radical, fallecieron antes de cumplirse dos meses de la intervención quirúrgica: 2 por complicaciones posquirúrgicas y 1 por evolución temprana de la enfermedad.CONCLUSIONES: La nefrectomía citorrreductora puede ser una fuente de morbilidad y mortalidad, se requieren series más amplias para definir la función del tratamiento del carcinoma de conductos colectores.PALABRAS CLAVE: Carcinoma de conductos colectores; nefrectomía radical; cáncer renal; complicaciones posoperatorias.
Precisión diagnóstica y complicaciones de la biopsia por congelamiento de masas testiculares malignas equívocas.
Authors: Cayetano-Alcaraz Axel Alberto , Halilovic Mirha , Olavarría-Sayavedra Natalia , Quiñones-Capistrán Christian Aníbal , Arceo-Olaiz Ricardo , Castillejos-Molina Ricardo Alonso
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: La mayor parte de las lesiones testiculares se detectan en etapa temprana. En 10 a 20% de los casos pueden ser benignas. La biopsia por congelamiento ha demostrado ser confiable para evaluar lesiones testiculares. El diagnóstico de histología benigna puede evitar orquiectomías radicales innecesarias y sus complicaciones.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la precisión diagnóstica de la biopsia por congelamiento de lesiones testiculares malignas equívocas, las complicaciones a corto y largo plazos asociadas con este procedimiento.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo efectuado de 2005 a 2015 en un centro hospitalario terciario, en pacientes con exploración testicular con biopsia por congelamiento debido a lesiones testiculares malignas equívocas. Se obtuvieron medidas de precisión diagnóstica. Se registraron las complicaciones a corto y largo plazo. El diseño del estudio se realizó siguiendo las recomendaciones STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy, por sus siglas en inglés).RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 23 pacientes, con una mediana de seguimiento de diez meses (rango intercuartil: 60). El 73.9 y 26.1% de las lesiones fueron benignas y malignas, respectivamente. No se observaron cambios en el diagnóstico entre el reporte de la biopsia por congelamiento y el reporte definitivo de patología. Las medidas de precisión diagnóstica tuvieron un valor de 100%. El grado de concordancia entre la biopsia por congelamiento y el reporte definitivo de malignidad, fue estadísticamente significativo (κ = 1.0, p<0.05). Debido al reporte benigno de la biopsia por congelamiento, se evitaron 12 orquiectomías radicales. Tres pacientes (12.5%) tuvieron complicaciones grado I. Se encontró atrofia testicular, a largo plazo, en 2 pacientes. En los pacientes que no se sometieron a orquiectomía radical por reporte benigno de biopsia por congelamiento, no se detectaron formaciones malignas durante el seguimiento.CONCLUSIÓN: La biopsia testicular por congelamiento representa una técnica confiable en el tratamiento de lesiones malignas equívocas y se relaciona con complicaciones de bajo grado.PALABRAS CLAVE: Biopsia por Congelamiento; Precisión diagnóstica; Neoplasias testiculares; Estudios retrospectivos; Patología testicular.
Urología en el espacio y cambios genitourinarios en el ambiente de microgravedad
Authors: Carrillo-Esper Raul , Carrillo Cordova Luis Daniel , Villena-López Elba Luz L.D , Carrillo Córdova Dulce Maria
Published: December 2020

EL objetivo actual de los vuelos tripulados en el espacio es la colonización de marte. Uno de los sistemas que se ve afectado con mayor frecuencia es el genitourinario, con afección en 10% de los astronautas, principalmente: litiasis, retención aguda de orina, infecciones de vías urinarias y alteraciones en la fertilidad. El objetivo de este estudio es revisar el efecto de los vuelos espaciales en el sistema genitourinario de los astronautas.PALABRAS CLAVE: Litiasis; vuelos espaciales; fertilidad; infecciones urinarias.
Study on vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in patients with urinary tract infections conducted in Northwestern Mexico
Authors: Becerra-Loaiza Denisse Stephania , Sánchez-Zazueta Jorge Guillermo , Ochoa-Ramírez Luis Antonio , Velarde-Rodríguez Ismael , Rodríguez-Millán José , Velarde-Félix Jesús Salvador
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene (FokI: rs2228570, BsmI: rs1544410, ApaI: rs7975232, and TaqI: rs731236) on the clinical parameters of patients with urinary tract infections.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative, prospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital General de Culiacán Dr. Bernardo J. Gastélum within the time frame of August 2016 to July 2017. The polymorphisms were detected through the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length method in 119 patients diagnosed with urinary tract infection and in 206 individuals with no urinary tract infection. The data analysis was carried out using the c2 and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The logistic regression method, adjusted by age and sex, was employed to evaluate the relation between clinical characteristics and genotypes, utilizing the STATA version 13.0 program. Statistical significance was set at a p<0.05.RESULTS: We found differences in the prevalence of the CA-ApaI genotype between the study groups. The FokI and BsmI polymorphisms and the TGAT and CGCT haplotypes were associated with certain clinical characteristics.CONCLUSIONS: A possible link between the vitamin D receptor gene and bacterial urinary tract infection in a Mexican population was suggested.KEYWORDS: Vitamin D receptor; Urinary tract infection; Polymorphisms; Haplotypes.
Historia de la urología en Chihuahua
Authors: ´Grajeda Jesús
Published: December 2020

La historia de la Urología en Chihuahua se describe brevemente por el Dr. Grajeda, con gran visión a través de múltiples historiadores que, sin duda, la relatan con detalle y amplitud. Reseña la formación del Hospital Militar y ofrece datos de la casa de la Beneficencia, que perdura hasta nuestros días; expone el tratamiento inicial de los padecimientos urológicos en Chihuahua y la llegada de los urólogos a la región, como la del Dr. Chapa (primer residente de Urología egresado del Centro Médico 20 de Noviembre del ISSSTE), por consecuencia mejorando la atención y metodología en la práctica urológica institucional y privada, hasta colocarla en los mejores niveles nacionales e internacionales. Así, pues, deleitémonos con el escrito que a continuación compartimos y seguro disfrutarán en una sesión de lectura.
Educação em Ciências em tempos de pós-verdade: pensando sentidos e discutindo intencionalidades
Authors: Azevedo Maicon , Borba Rodrigo Cerqueira do Nascimento
Published: December 2020

O presente texto se debruça sobre a tarefa de pensar a Educação em Ciências dentro de um cenário no qual auto e pós-verdades, fake news e boatos na internet podem ser interpretadas como metonímias dos nossos tempos. Seu principal objetivo é realizar um exercício teórico de análise sobre o papel social que a Educação em Ciências pode desempenhar na construção de uma sociedade que seja capaz de problematizá-las. Para esse empreendimento, produzimos interlocuções com referenciais ligados às Ciências Humanas e Sociais, tais como Michel Foucault, Michel De Certeau e François Dubet. Sem abrir mão do diálogo com o campo educacional, também recorremos às considerações de obras elaboradas por autores como Ivor Goodson e Paulo Freire. Considerando que a especialização e o crescimento da natureza técnica da Ciência Moderna, desagregada de sua popularização, aumentam as desigualdades e promovem processos de exclusão e de alienação, apresentamos um modelo de formação escolar amparado nas aprendizagens narrativas propostas por Goodson que privilegia a construção de outras relações entre conhecimentos e vivências produzidos nas escolas. Argumentamos que, evidenciando como se processa a construção dos saberes discentes cotidianos e a forma como suas experiências são erigidas em diferentes realidades, é possível trabalhar múltiplas dimensões dos conhecimentos científicos. Isto oportuniza a construção de novos sentidos para as experiências estudantis, enquanto o entendimento dos conceitos e conteúdos científicos podem ser desenvolvidos de modo não apartado das culturas e das emoções que interpelam os processos de escolarização e as instituições educacionais.
Ensino de ciências e os desafios do século XXI: entre a crítica e a confiança na ciência
Authors: Junges Alexandre Luis , Espinosa Tobias
Published: December 2020

O presente ensaio reflete sobre o papel do ensino de ciências frente aos desafios colocados pelas diferentes questões sociocientíficas que permeiam a sociedade contemporânea. Na medida em que a ciência desempenha importante função na busca de soluções para tais questões, como as crises socioambientais e de saúde pública, é também imprescindível que o ensino de ciências fomente um entendimento que possibilite avaliar informações científicas e distingui-las daquelas que podemos chamar de pseudocientíficas. Contudo, na busca por fomentar essa capacidade avaliativa no aluno, o ensino de ciências corre o risco de incorrer numa valorização excessiva do ideal crítico que visa a autonomia intelectual do aluno, muitas vezes expresso num ceticismo que elege a dúvida pela dúvida. Neste ensaio, problematizamos algumas consequências indesejáveis dessa postura, entre as quais está a perda de confiança na própria ciência. Para tanto, propomos reflexões que: (1) orientam o ensino de ciências para uma confiança na ciência, sem perder a criticidade com relação ao fazer científico; (2) problematizam a justificativa de uma educação científica voltada exclusivamente para a autonomia intelectual do educando que elege a dúvida e o ceticismo como objetivos de ensino. Nessa discussão acentuamos a importância de uma “confiança equilibrada” em relação à ciência, destacando a confiança como elemento complementar ao exercício da dúvida e da crítica. Ao final, apresentamos algumas reflexões e possíveis desdobramentos dessa temática para o contexto da sala de aula e da educação científica.
Mídia, Ciência e Ensino: análise de materiais desenvolvidos por licenciandos em Física
Authors: Cardoso Danilo
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho analisa materiais desenvolvidos por licenciandos em física. O material analisado compreende análises, feitas pelos licenciandos, de materiais de mídia por eles selecionados e planos de aulas de física que desenvolveram, envolvendo o uso desses materiais selecionados e analisados. O material foi categorizado em três eixos interdependentes: mídia, ciência e ensino e foi analisado a partir da metodologia da análise textual discursiva e com base em fundamentação teórica pautada na epistemologia freireana. Nossa análise mostrou, dentre outros resultados, que os licenciandos desenvolveram análises críticas de materiais da mídia e propuseram planos de aula de física com abordagens contextualizadas da ciência. Contudo, a análise também demonstrou obstáculos à proposição de atividades que buscassem uma apropriação crítica e propositiva da mídia em aulas de física. Estes obstáculos são interpretados como fruto de tensões entre a busca por implementar novas perspectivas educacionais e as condições concretas nas quais estão inseridos os licenciandos. Por fim, defende-se que o enfrentamento das questões relacionadas à mídia no contexto de pós-verdade não deve se dar pelo controle do que deve ou não ser publicado, mas sim por uma educação comprometida com a problematização da mídia, que busque proporcionar condições para que cidadãs e cidadãos lidem de maneira crítica com a mídia.
Crença Forte, ciência fraca? Contribuições sobre a relação Ciência e crença para a educação científica e tecnológica em tempos de pós-verdade
Authors: Chrispino Alvaro , Albuquerque Marcia Bengio de , Melo Thiago Brañas de
Published: December 2020

O presente ensaio busca contribuir com reflexões sobre o fenômeno da pós-verdade partindo das pesquisas sobre ciência e crença/religião, especialmente as que tratam de criacionismo e evolução, disseminadas na área de ensino de ciências, bem como a relação entre ciência e ideologia, sob a ótica de Natureza da Ciência de forma geral e CTS, em particular. Apresenta (1) as contribuições da Teoria da Dissonância Cognitiva para melhor entendimento da dicotomia entre o conhecimento que se tem e a obediência à crença que se professa e para melhor orientação das práticas de formação de professores e aulas sobre o tema na Educação em Ciência e (2) um exemplo de estudo do perfil de movimentos protestantes no Brasil, a fim de melhor entender o comportamento geral deste segmento frente ao Livre Exame que caracteriza sua origem. Propõe que a dissonância cognitiva resultante das informações científicas e suas crenças favoreçam o fenômeno da pós-verdade, quando as crenças se sobrepõem às informações baseadas em evidência.
Pareceristas do volume 37
Authors: Peduzzi Sônia S.
Published: December 2020

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7941.2020v37n3p1748
Visualization of Multidimensional Surfaces and their Extrema
Authors: Batyukov A. , Popov E. , Vogt N.
Published: December 2020

The article describes a method for multidimensional visualization of a hypersurface and its extrema according to the Lumigraph model. The article shows the shortcomings of classical Lumigraph and formulates the reasons for this. To overcome these disadvantages, the authors introduce the concept of an additional screen. The paper describes the rules for constructing an image on this screen. The final image makes the entire hypersurface and its extrema areas visible. It also demonstrates the possibility of visualizing hypersurfaces with a dimension of more than 5D as a development of the Lumigraph model, the way the Exidiagraph model has been developed, and a method for its construction. The concept of a pseudo-voxel is introduced for displaying a hypersurface represented by a multidimensional table and a software package for the visualization of table-defined multidimensional surfaces.
Geometric Model of the Shaping of the Working Surfaces of the Bevel Gear Elements
Authors: Ryazanov S.
Published: December 2020

A method of solid-state geometric modeling of technological processes of the shaping of spatial gears in 3D space is proposed. Working and transition surfaces of the teeth are formed as envelopes of the generating surface of the tool. The result is the final shape of the tooth surfaces in the form of accurate computerized solid models. A block diagram and an example of "computer cutting" of a bevel gear are given.
Construction of 3D Wireframe Model in Problem of Converting Paper Drawing and Design Documentation into an Electronic Model of an Object
Authors: Romensky Sergey , Rotkov Sergey
Published: December 2020

This work is devoted to various stages of the formation of a three-dimensional wireframe model when solving the problem of converting paper drawings into drawing-design documentation. The stages of obtaining geometric-graphic information by an application program and forming a three-dimensional skeleton model are considered in detail. The study of the temporal characteristics of the developed algorithm is also given.
Photo Image Method for Diagnostics of Local Efficiency of Solar Panels
Authors: Manyakhin F. , Levchenko R. , Mokretsova L.
Published: December 2020

The photo scanning method is directed on the physical and mathematical study of the current condition of solar cells (SC). The device for receiving local efficiency of SC has been created. Surface scanning is carried out by the personal computer monitor. Special software has been developed for communicating with the device and controlling the process of receiving data from the SE. The software allows configuring diagnostics, data processing, and storage with a user interface. The configuration includes a choice of the diagnostic algorithm, the number of data reading cycles, and the color of the light spot. The results of the experiment displayed on the monitor screen in matrix form and visualized as an image. The program is designed to work with Windows OS. Experimental tests were carried out on monocrystalline solar cells based on silicon or perovskite. The results showed data repeatability and accuracy.
Hardware and Software Implementation of Constructive Geometric Models
Authors: Voloshinov Denis , Solomonov Konstantin
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of a number of issues of hardware and software implementation of constructive geometric models. A rich arsenal of theoretical research in the field of constructive geometry has not been properly used for a long time due to the lack of tools for translating such models using computer technology. The development and improvement of the Simplex geometric modeling system, in which any geometric design is considered as a converter of information represented by signals of a geometric nature, has opened the possibility of applying the achievements of geometric science in computing applications, as well as the development of hardware that implements geometric calculation methods and provides a new graphical interface. The concept developed by the authors is aimed at creating specialized accelerators of geometric transformations.
A study on pulmonary function tests among rice mill workers in Mysuru, Karnataka
Authors: Uma Vijayashankar , L Rajeshwari
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Rice is the largest consumed food grain in south India. Rice cultivation, harvesting and milling is done since ages in India. Respiratory diseases are greatly induced by the occupational dusts that are influenced by the duration of exposure. A large amount of dust is produced from rice milling process and hence the workers breathe air mixed with dust into their lungs every day. This study aims to assess the effect of rice mill dust on lung functions among rice mill workers.

Materials and Methods: Fifty non-smoking male adult workers from rice mills were selected for the study and fifty age and sex matched from the general population who were not exposed to such occupational hazard were included as controls. Pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR and MVV) were recorded using computerized RMS Helios Spirometer during their working hours in both the groups and were statistically analyzed by using student’s‘t’ test. Further the cases were classified according to the duration of exposure and inter group comparisons were made using one-way Anova.

Results: Rice mill workers showed a significantly greater percentage of decline in FVC, FEV1, PEFR, MVV and also a significant decrease in FEV1/FVC ratio suggestive of obstructive pulmonary disorder. Also, there is a negative correlation between duration of exposure and deterioration of the lung function.

Conclusion: The respiratory parameters were significantly declined among rice mill workers compared to controls.
Anti-inflammatory activity of nutmeg oleoresin mediated silver nanoparticles- An In- vitro study
Authors: Narendra Shivani , Roy Anitha , Shanmugam Rajeshkumar , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: The most emerging area of research in nanotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanoparticles which are of great importance due to its use in various biological fields. Myristica fragrans is commonly known as “nutmeg”. It is popular as a spice and also possesses various therapeutic properties. It has a characteristic pleasant fragrance and a slightly warm taste. It has various therapeutic uses and is widely used. The aim is to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of nutmeg oleoresin mediated silver nanoparticles.

Materials and Methods: The nutmeg oleoresin mediated silver nanoparticles were synthesized and was confirmed by UV Vis spectroscopy. The anti-inflammatory property of the prepared nutmeg oleoresin mediated silver nanoparticles was assessed using albumin denaturation inhibitory assay technique.

Results: The nutmeg oleoresin mediated silver nanoparticles showed good anti-inflammatory activity with increasing concentration of the nanoparticles.

Conclusion: Although a variety of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed, researchers are focusing on natural substances to develop new anti-inflammatory agents. Nutmeg mediated silver nanoparticles showed a good range of inhibition and can be used against inflammation. The myristicin present in the nutmeg maybe responsible for its anti-inflammatory action. Increased albumin denaturation is reported in conditions like in rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and cancer. Hence this may pay way to manage such conditions.