bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Image Classification for Retinal Disease Using a Random Forest Classifier
Authors: Wali Asad , Suhail Zobia , Sipani Arjun
Published: June 2024

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a vital imaging technique that provides detailed images of the retina and plays a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring various retinal conditions, such as diabetic macular edema (DME), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and DRUSEN. However, there is a need to improve the early detection and treatment of these common eye diseases. While deep learning methods have demonstrated superior accuracy in analyzing OCT images, the potential of machine learning approaches, especially concerning data volume and computational efficiency, requires further exploration. This study aimed to improve the diagnosis and management of retinal diseases using OCT images through a machine learning framework employing a random forest classifier, with a focus on comparing its efficacy against that of popular image processing filters. We propose a novel approach that uses raw image data embedding (RIDE) as input to our machine learning model. This approach uses translated image raw data as opposed to metadata-driven preprocessing algorithms. We systematically benchmark its performance against established built-in methods, such as histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), local binary patterns (LBP), and features from the opponent space for filtering (FOSF). This comparative analysis serves to assess the efficacy of our approach in relation to these widely recognized methods. The proposed method achieves higher accuracy but also optimizes the time complexity of the system. The proposed model exhibited a commendable accuracy rate of 80% in the classification of retinal diseases, surpassing the performance of various other classifiers and methods. This research represents a small step toward the creation of an accurate and efficient machine learning-based system for diagnosing and monitoring retinal diseases, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and diagnostic accuracy.
Detection and Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy using Optimized BiLSTM Classifier
Authors: Senapati Archana , Tripathy Hrudaya Kumar , Mishra Sushruta , Mallik Saurav , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: June 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common consequence of diabetes mellitus resulting in vision-impairing lesions on the retina. Treatment of DR in its early stages can extensively minimize the chance of blindness. Diverse machine learning approaches were developed for DR detection; however, the classical models may create certain limitations including overfitting issues, data requirements, and vanishing gradient problems. To mitigate these shortcomings, this research proposed a Wolf social leader algorithm-enabled Bi-directional long short-term memory (WS-BiLSTM) for DR detection. The integration of a weighted shape-based texture pattern enhances the capability of the model to extract pertinent texture and shape features. Additionally, the ResNet 101 model obtains the informative regions from the fundus images which leads to attaining better performance. The statistical features extracted from the input fundus images enhance the robustness of the framework. The hyperparameters of the WS-BiLSTM model are optimized using the suggested Wolf social leader algorithm, which imitates the social dynamics of American jackals and the hunting characteristics of gray wolves. In addition, the model improves the performance effectively with high detection performance and achieved accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 96.32%, 97.21%, and 95.42% compared to other convolutional methods.
Association between fear of future workplace violence and burnout among pediatricians in China with psychological resilience as a moderator
Authors: Shi Yuntian , Mao Fangxiang , Zhang Xuan
Published: June 2024

Background: Fear of future workplace violence can lead to withdrawal intentions and poor physical and mental health. However, no study has focused on fear of future workplace violence (FFWV) among pediatricians, who may be at high risk. This study explored the relationship between FFWV and burnout, and the moderating effect of psychological resilience between this relationship.
Methods: We recruited 413 pediatricians from 26 specialized and general hospitals in China’s Shandong and Ningxia provinces from August 2021 to April 2022. FFWV was measured using the Fear of Future Violence at Work Scale. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Psychological resilience was measured using the 10 items Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between FFWV and burnout. SPSS PROCESS macro was used to examine the moderating effect of psychological resilience on this relationship.
Results: About 85.7% pediatricians experienced a medium or high level of fear. FFWV was significantly and positively associated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment (B=0.23, SE=0.39, P< 0.001; B=0.06, SE=0.13, P < 0.001; B=0.17, SE=0.03, P < 0.001, respectively). The interaction effects of FFWV and psychological resilience on emotional exhaustion (B=-0.008, 95% CI: -0.001 to -0.004) and cynicism (B=-0.003, 95% CI: -0.005 to -0.001) were statistically significant. The protective effect conforms to the ‘protective-stabilizing’ model. Low levels of FFWV were associated with low levels of emotional exhaustion and cynicism, and increased personal accomplishment.
Conclusions: Psychological resilience training may be beneficial for pediatricians in preventing high levels of burnout resulting from FFWV.
Fixing the insidious trend to quantity and unethical practices over quality in scientific publications
Authors: Pilia Simone , Mora Peter
Published: June 2024

Since the advent of online research metrics, which began with Web of Science in 19971, these metrics have been increasingly used to rank researchers and universities2. Over the last two decades, the easy access to research metrics has greatly benefited the academic community and beyond by providing quantitative measures for ranking researchers, universities and departments3,4,5,6,7,8. However, this accessibility, accompanied by a ten-dency to quantitatively evaluate research quality, has also shifted the focus towards practices aimed at enhancing research metrics rather than pursuing high-quality, poten-tially path-breaking research9,10,11,12,13. This trend threatens to degrade global research advancement and invalidate rankings. Here, we demonstrate that an accelerating num-ber of researchers – on the order of 10% or 20,000 researchers on Stanford’s Top 2%14 researchers - are achieving implausibly high-publication and new co-author rates, with many producing tens to hundreds of papers per year, and gaining hundreds to thou-sands of new co-authors annually. Based on an analysis of statistics from Stanford’s top 2% list and Nobel Laureates, we propose a method to renormalise research metrics to better reflect research quality. Our renormalised metrics aim to remove the existing incentive to prioritize quantity or resort to unethical practices to boost their metrics.
Genome sequence of the Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum
Authors: Ganot Philippe , Rausch Tobias , Fritz Markus , Zoccola Didier , Wang Xin , Aranda Manuel , Benes Vladimir , Allemand Denis , Tambutté Sylvie
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Corallium rubrum, the precious red coral, is an octocoral endemic to the western Mediterranean Sea. Like most octocorals, it produces tiny, calcified structures called sclerites. Uniquely, it also produces a completely calcified axial skeleton that is a bright red color. This combination of color and hardness has made the red coral prized for centuries, leading to extensive fishing and trade for use in jewelry. Understanding how it produces this red skeleton is thus a central question in economics, culture, and biology. To gain insights into this process, we sequenced the C. rubrum genome.Data description: Our C. rubrum genome assembly is 655 megabases (Mb) in size, distributed across 2,910 scaffolds with a very low level of unknown nucleotides (0.95%). We used a pipeline based on the MaSuRCA hybrid assembler, combining long PacBio reads and short Illumina reads, followed by several steps to improve the assembly, including scaffolding, merging, and polishing. This represents the third published genome of an octocoral and the first within the order Scleralcyonacea.
Malaria Outbreak Investigation And Associated Risk Factors In Siraro District, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.An unmatched case-control study
Authors: Mideksa Girma
Published: June 2024

Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is highly seasonal in many communities ,with epidemic-prone transmission patterns and serious public health emergencies that have a major impact on health and the economy. This investigation aimed to assess the malaria outbreaks, determine risk factors for infection and preventive measures in the Siraro district.
Methods: An unmatched case-control study with a 1:1 case-to-control ratio was conducted in the Siraro District from 16 June 2021 to 03 August 2021. The calculated sample size for this study was 148 and a simple random sampling technique was used to select cases and controls. We reviewed the previous five year’s malaria data to establish a threshold level. Both descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were performed. The data were entered using Epi-Info version 7.2.4.0 software and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent factors associated with malaria infection.
Results: Of the total malaria cases (n=183), Plasmodium falciparum species are about 149(81.4%) and almost 100% of the cases were confirmed by RDT/Microscopy . Age group ≥ 5 years were the most affected with an attack rate (AR) of 2.04/1000. Multivariate analysis revealed the place of stay during night adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.62, 95% CI= 1.016–31.069, a person with malaria in the house with AOR 15.74,95% CI= 3.029-81.865, presence of stagnant water near to house AOR of 25.60, 95% CI= 4.696-139.649, availability of plants with temporary water pools in the compound an AOR of 90.94,95% CI= 9.019-917.012 and a person who does not hear about malaria prevention on insecticide-treated bed nets utilization adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) of 0.14,95% CI: 0.076, 1.061 were the main associated risk factors for the occurrence of the outbreak.
Conclusions: The malaria outbreak in Siraro District mostly affected children above 5 years of age. Of the variables studied, apeople with malaria in the house, stagnant water, and plants with temporary water pools and lack of awareness about malaria transmission were all significantly associated with the occurrence of malaria outbreaks. The community should be aware of malaria prevention and control measures.
Concomitant pheochromocytoma and hyperaldosteronism in a 47-year-old man: A case report
Authors: Majidi Fatemeh , Shabbak Ali , Nazarizadeh Shadi , Madady Aryan
Published: June 2024

Background: The coexistence of pheochromocytoma and hyperaldosteronism is a rare and clinically significant finding with diagnostic challenges that need to be considered in the workup of patients with hypertension.
Case Presentation: This case report describes a 47-year-old man who initially presented with cold symptoms, chills, and headaches. Despite being diagnosed with panic disorder, his symptoms worsened, leading to a systolic blood pressure crisis. The results indicated elevated levels of 24-hour urine vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), metanephrine, and normetanephrine, suggesting increased catecholamine levels. An increase in serum aldosterone was also observed. Further evaluation revealed a 4 cm left adrenal mass and subsequent tests confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and hyperaldosteronism. The patient underwent left adrenal gland resection, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms and normalization of test results.
Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of considering rare coexisting endocrine disorders in patients presenting with hypertension. Appropriate diagnosis and management of concomitant pheochromocytoma and hyperaldosteronism are crucial for favorable outcomes and may offer insights into potential overlaps in disease pathways.
The Balance of Payments Effects of Natural Disasters
Authors: Koutchogna ASSOGBAVI
Published: June 2024

This article evaluates the effects of large natural disasters on the balance of payments using the local projection (LP) method developed by Jordà (2005) between 2000 and 2020. Our findings reveal that natural disasters lead to a decline in the deficits of the current and capital accounts one year after the event. Additionally, imports and exports of goods and services drop in the two years following a disaster. The impact varies by geographical location, highlighting the significant roles of capital transfers in recovery. Services are particularly affected in island countries.
JEL Classification: Q54; F41 ; F14 ; F32 ; C23 ;
Political Behavior and Quantitative Methods in Southern Europe: a systematic review.
Authors: Farantos Georgios , Bidikoudis Panagiotis , Dounias Christos , Tsialta Fotini , Dounias Georgios
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Through data analysis of the literature we aim to answer the central question that fills a gap in the literature: Do the methods used to interpret political behaviour in Southern Europe lead to homogeneous results for the political attitudes? Methods: For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Heal-link, Register PROSPERO, and forward and backward citations for studies published between databases inceptions and May 30, 2024. We included studies reporting on political science and quantitative methods, without date or country restriction. We planned to extract results on studies' reporting on the impact of quantitative methods on political behavior. We used the open-source software KNIME. We ranked the studies according to their characteristics. Main findings: We classified the variables for voting behavior, quantitative analysis and we performed cluster analysis and sorted the variables for the different methods of quantitative analysis. We performed a cluster analysis and classified the studies into 3 categories. The studies using Quantitative Analysis in the interpretation of political behavior positively correlate the use of quantitative methods by using correlation with p-value (p = 0.985, < 0.015) and negative Methodology variables of quantitative analysis with the extent of using quantitative methods (p=-0.962,<0.038) and the reporting of political behaviour in the findings using quantitative method in which a p-value correlation is used (p=-0.908, < 0.092). The studies show that the application of quantitative research is usually done using correlation analysis, but the application this recedes in studies of general quantitative behaviour. Discussion: Clustering of the studies showed that studies were classified into three categories. The heterogeneity in the studies is due to the variation in their targeting. Future growth of studies in the region will lead to a reassessment of the situation. Conclusions: A heterogeneity in methodology was found among the included studies. Although the studies used the quantitative methods in a similar way, variations in the independent variables lead the studies to different conclusions. The survey question was answered in negatively: studies using quantitative analysis to explain political behaviour are not homogeneous. The social impact and the contribution of research to political decision-making is important.
Effects of Innovation and Economic Freedom on Female Economic Inclusion
Authors: Ofori Pamela E. , Ofori Isaac K. , Castelnovo Paolo
Published: June 2024

The Sustainable Development Goal 5 emphasises the need to achieve gender parity in economic participation. Perusing the extant scholarship on female economic inclusion in Africa, we identify two pressing gaps. First, we find that previous studies have not explored how innovation affects female economic inclusion (FEI). Second, we note that prior studies have not examined the interactive effect of innovation and economic freedom on FEI. This study addresses these gaps by using macro data from 1995-2022 for a sample of 51 African countries. Findings from the two-step system GMM estimator reveal the following: (1) innovation reduces FEI, whereas economic freedom increases it, and (2) economic freedom moderates innovation to promote FEI. Further, we find that this positive total effect of innovation on FEI is remarkable at higher thresholds of economic freedom. We conclude that for innovation to promote FEI in Africa, investments in promoting economic freedom are critical.
JEL Code: 031; 055; E24; J16; J21
Heterogeneous Effects of Frontier Technology Readiness on Economic Growth in Africa
Authors: Ofori Isaac K. , Gbolonyo Emmanuel Y. , Vezzulli Andrea
Published: June 2024

Despite the remarkable growth in frontier technology adoption (FTR) in the Global South, empirical evidence concerning their socioeconomic impacts in the context of Africa is hard to find. This study, therefore, employs macro data for a sample of 39 African countries to bridge three pressing gaps in the growth literature. First, we examine the impact of FTR on economic growth. Second, the study assesses whether FTR and egalitarian democracy synergistically enhance economic growth. Third, this study examines the heterogeneous effects of FTR across growth quantiles. Robust evidence, based on the dynamic system-GMM and the method of moments quantile regression, reveals the following: first, FTR promotes economic growth, but the effect is modest; second, egalitarian democracy amplifies the growth-enhancing impact of FTR, but only at higher thresholds of egalitarianism. Third, although FTR is growth-enhancing across all growth quantiles, the effect diminishes from the 1st to the 9th quantile. However, in the presence of egalitarian democracy, FTR significantly enhances growth across all growth quantiles from the 1st to the 9th. We conclude that progress in egalitarian democracy and investments for enhancing FTR are crucial for economic growth in Africa.
JEL Code: O31; O38; O55; Q01; P48
Cutting-Edge AI Technology to Recognize Signs of Suicidal Thoughts in Social Media Posts
Authors: R Anjit Raja , B Nagarajan
Published: June 2024

Detecting signs of suicidal thoughts from social media poses significant challenges for researchers. Many individuals who may be at risk of suicide express their emotions and thoughts openly on these platforms, offering valuable clues for identification. However, comprehending the intricate risk factors and warning signs associated with suicide prevention remains a formidable endeavour. Automating the recognition of abrupt changes in user behavior is crucial in this context. This task leverages natural language processing techniques to scrutinize social media interactions for behavioral patterns and textual content. These insights are then processed using specialized frameworks designed to pinpoint unusual behaviors indicative of potential suicidal intentions. Cutting-edge deep learning and machine learning methodologies play a pivotal role in swiftly identifying suicidal ideation. For instance, combining RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) models with LSTM proves effective in capturing emotional nuances from user posts. Strategies such as expanding the training dataset and incorporating attention mechanisms are utilized to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of these models. This study introduces an innovative LSTM-Attention-RNN model specifically crafted for analyzing social media content to detect potential suicidal tendencies. Evaluation of this model yielded promising outcomes, achieving an accuracy of 93.7% and an F1-score of 95.8%, representing notable improvements compared to baseline models. These findings underscore the model's potential for practical implementation in suicide prevention initiatives.
Enhancing the Accuracy of Reference-Guided Genomic Assemblies: Implementing Ragtag Correction for Reference-Guided Scaffolds
Authors: Liu Kai , Xie Nan
Published: June 2024

Recent advancements in long-read sequencing technologies are renowned for providing extended read lengths and lower error rates, which enhance the assembly of complex genomes. However, high costs and stringent sample quality requirements limit their widespread adoption, especially for degraded DNA samples. In contrast, short-read technologies require shorter DNA fragments but produce reads challenging genome assembly continuity. Reference-guided assembly offers a practical solution by aligning contigs with a reference genome, thereby improving scaffold continuity. However, the reference-guided assembly can introduce more misassemblies. To address this limitation, this study explores using Ragtag's Correct function integrated with in silico libraries to correct misassemblies in reference-guided assemblies. Using three draft genomes from two fish species, we demonstrate that this hybrid strategy significantly improves scaffold assembly accuracy. Specifically, in Megalobrama amblycephala, misassemblies were reduced from 8298 to 4920, and cross-links between different chromosomes decreased from 192 to zero in the corrected assemblies. In two Culter alburnus draft genomes, misassemblies were reduced from 5689 and 6582 to 4728 and 5861, respectively, while cross-links between different chromosomes were significantly reduced from 132 and 13 to five and ten in the corrected assemblies. This approach allowed precise correction of scaffold assembly errors, showcasing its potential to enhance the accuracy of genomic assemblies. Our findings underscore the importance of integrating additional genomic data to achieve reliable genome assemblies, especially for species with significant structural variations. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing genome assembly processes, contributing to advancements in genomic studies.
Implementing Automated Safety Circuit Breakers of Large Language Models for Prompt Integrity
Authors: Han Gaoshan , Zhang Qingchun , Deng Baisen , Lei Mengzhu
Published: June 2024

The proliferation of natural language processing applications has brought to light the critical need for robust mechanisms to safeguard against malicious prompts that can lead to harmful or misleading outputs. The novel concept of automated safety circuit breakers significantly enhances the reliability and integrity of large language models by integrating advanced machine learning algorithms with dynamic rule-based systems, providing a scalable and efficient solution for real-time threat mitigation. Comprehensive evaluation of the implemented system revealed high precision, recall, and F1-score, demonstrating its effectiveness in accurately filtering out malicious content and reducing the incidence of misleading responses. Comparative analysis with existing methods highlights the superiority of the automated approach, which offers significant advantages in terms of adaptability and operational efficiency. The research underscores the importance of continuous innovation in the field of natural language processing to ensure the safe and trustworthy deployment of language models across various applications. The findings reinforce the necessity of developing sophisticated automated tools to maintain the security and dependability of generated outputs, addressing both current vulnerabilities and potential future threats.
The effect of using different needle size on patient comfort and pain during the sonographically guided fine needle biopsy of thyroid nodules
Authors: Mehmet
Published: June 2024

Backround
Fine needle biopsy has been used for many decades, but afew studies showed the relationship between pain and needle diameter.
Object
This study aimed to compare patients’ pain and satisfaction levels between 22 and 27-gauge (G) needles used for fine-needle biopsy of thyroid nodules.
Materials and methods
In our study, one hundred sixty-nine patients with thyroid nodule biopsies (159 nodules) were included. Patients with nodules were separated into two independent groups depending on which needle were used. The questionnaire was applied to all the patients after the thyroid biopsy. The main study method was the pain scale measuring a patient’s pain intensity, based on a self-report regarding Visual Analog Scale. The numeric variables between two groups used the Student t test, more than two independent groups used a one-way ANOVA test, and between two categorical variables used a Chi-square test.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference between 22 G and 27 G needles in terms of pain sensations. (P > 0.05). And also there was no statistical differences between gender, pattern of nodule and diameter of nodules. But the women is more prone to feel sensation than men. (P<0,05)
Conclusion
Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy is one of the invasive methods that could cause unsatisfactory and pain in patients. The use of different gauges of biopsy can affect the biopsy pain and satisfaction. The results of our study showed that fine needle biopsy with 22-G needles had no difference when we compared it to 27- G needle biopsy
Mortality review of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Addis Ababa Public Hospitals: Case Series.
Authors: Boru Yared , Belay Ermiyas , Sultan Menbeu , Gebreyesus Alegnta , Melaku Agazhe , Kassahun Mihret , Kifle Fitsum
Published: June 2024

Background
Intensive care units (ICUs) play a crucial role in healthcare but face challenges in terms of resource availability and allocation. This is especially evident in low-resource regions such as Ethiopia, where ICUs are scarce and often lack the necessary resources for proper data recording. Although progress has been made in improving healthcare infrastructure in Ethiopia, significant gaps remain in meeting national and global healthcare goals, especially in tertiary care services. This study conducted a retrospective review of ICU records at public tertiary-level facilities in Addis Ababa between January 15 and March 17, 2022. This study aimed to gain insight into disease conditions, identify strategies to reduce preventable deaths, and develop programs to improve patient outcomes.
Results
The study reviewed 65 patient records from varying age groups, from 11 months to 97 years, with a mean age of 48 years. Most patients (35%) were older than 60 years. Nonoperative patients (71%) were the most common reason for admission, with the remainder being operative patients. The primary systems leading to ICU admission were the respiratory (19%), neurological (18%), and cardiovascular (12%) systems. Most patients required mechanical ventilation, and endotracheal intubation (ETI) was the most common method used (58.5%). Among the 65 patients, the cause of death was recorded in 46 of the records. The most frequently documented causes of death were septic shock (23.9%), and cardiorespiratory arrest (17.4%).
Conclusion
This mortality review of ICU-admitted patients in Addis Ababa offers valuable insights into the primary causes of ICU admission and the comorbidities that contribute to ICU mortality. This study emphasizes the necessity of evidence-based protocols to improve patient outcomes in the ICU and the importance of understanding the underlying factors that contribute to ICU mortality. Further research could focus on identifying risk factors for septic shock and cardiorespiratory arrest in ICU patients to develop targeted interventions for prevention and treatment
The Impact of Including Diverse Historical Narratives in Science Education on Student Engagement and Learning Outcomes: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: M Poornesh
Published: June 2024

This study examines how incorporating diverse historical narratives into science education affects student engagement and perceptions. The research used a mixed-methods approach, including a pre-test/post-test survey on student engagement (n = 50) and interviews/focus groups with students. The quantitative data showed a significant increase in student interest in the science topic after exposure to the narratives. Qualitative analysis revealed two main themes: (1) a newfound interest in specific scientific fields due to the historical context, and (2) an appreciation for the diverse perspectives that contribute to scientific progress. To illustrate these themes, student quotes from interviews/focus groups were strategically included. These findings emphasize the potential of diverse historical narratives to ignite student interest, enhance understanding of scientific discovery as a global endeavor, and foster a more inclusive learning environment. The research provides valuable insights for science curriculum development, teacher training, and promoting social justice in science classrooms.
Predictors of deep brain stimulation (DBS) response
in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD):
a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Thavarajasingam Santhosh G. , Zand Amir Puyan Divanbeighi , Ramsay Daniele S. C. , K Sajeenth Vishnu , Thakker Roma D. , Nagi Jasleen , Eraifej John , Amirthalingam Guru , Shaked Zoe , Sivov Hugo , Jankovic Dragan , Kramer Andreas , Linsmayer Denise , Nowacki Andreas , Groppa Sergiu , Glaser Martin B. , Ringel Florian , Green Alexander L.
Published: June 2024

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating condition, often resistant to conventional treatments. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) emerges as a promising intervention, but its efficacy varies among patients, underscoring the need to understand the predictive factors influencing its outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate and compare disease and patient characteristics in their ability to predict response to DBS in OCD patients.
Methods: All major databases were searched for original studies. This study differentiated responders, partial responders, and non-responders based on relative post-treatment Y-BOCS score changes and pre-defined Y-BOCS cut-off scores. Clinical predictors were assessed using qualitative synthesis, univariate analysis, stepwise and regularisation-tuned multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses.
Results: The meta-analysis, with an overall pooled sample size of 289 patients from 28 studies found that higher baseline Y-BOCS scores and elevated mood /hypomania significantly predicted favourable long-term DBS response (p = 0.00129 and p =0.04637, respectively). Conversely, aggression/intrusive thoughts symptomology was found to be a significant negative predictor in the short-term (p = 0.0499) and long-term (p = 0.04765). Antidepressant use was found to be a negative predictor for long-term DBS response (p = 0.00468). Symmetry/hoarding/perfectionism baseline significantly predicted non-response in the short-term (p = 0.0017) and long-term (p = 0.00185). Disease duration, gender, anatomical target location and age did not predict DBS response (p>0.05).
Conclusion: This study found that a heightened baseline severity of OCD symptoms and specific OCD mood dispositions significantly enhances the efficacy of DBS therapy, while the presence of specific compulsive behaviours and concurrent antidepressant treatment hinders long-term response. Further research with homogenous methodology and outcome reporting, as well as randomised control trials, are required to further elucidate these phenotypes, and allow for more personalised and, and thus likely more effective, DBS treatment strategies for all OCD patients.
UNE METRORRAGIE INDUITE PAR LA PAROXETINE : A PROPOS DUN CAS CLINIQUE
Authors:   Medecin Psychiatre, Service de Psychiatrie, Hopital de la Sante Mentale et des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Mohammed VI, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie Oujda - Maroc., El Mir Kaouthar , El Jabiry Salah-Eddine ,   Professeur Assistant, Service de Psychiatrie, Hopital de la Sante Mentale et des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Mohammed VI, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie Oujda - Maroc., Oneib Bouchra ,   Professeur de lenseignement Superieur, Service de Psychiatrie, Hopital de la Sante Mentale et des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Mohammed VI, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie Oujda - Maroc., Elghazouani Fatima ,   Professeur de lenseignement Superieur, Service de Psychiatrie, Hopital de la Sante Mentale et des Maladies Psychiatriques, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Mohammed VI, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie Oujda - Maroc.
Published: June 2024

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly prescribed antidepressants. They can have unexpected adverse effects, such as haemorrhagic events. In the light of the literature and a clinical case, we discuss the case of a patient presenting with moderate metrorrhagia following the use of paroxetine in combination with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The diagnosis of iatrogenic metrorrhagia was made after ruling out other possible diagnoses. The aim of this clinical presentation is to provide a clear understanding of the haemorrhagic side-effects of paroxetine and its interactions with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
ADSORPTION PROCESS OF PESTICIDE ON SWCNT FUNCTIONALIZED AND CROSSLINKED WITH CHITOSAN USING PM3 SEMI-EMPIRICAL METHOD AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION
Authors: de Jesús-González Alfredo , Rangel-Vázquez Norma Aurea
Published: June 2024

In this work, using the PM3 semi-empirical method, the oxidation of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was studied by sulfuric and nitric acid for the incorporation of carbonyl (C=O), phenol (OH) and carboxylic (COOH) groups in the C=C bonds present on the surface of the nanotube. Subsequently, the crosslinking of the oxidized SWCNT (SWCNTox) and chitosan (Q) was observed through hydrogen bonds of the C=O and OH bonds with 2.34 Å, the process was endothermic and soluble in polar solvents due to the presence of OH and NH groups in the structure of SWCNTox/Q. The Monte Carlo modeling allowed to study the adsorption of pesticides in the SWCNTox/Q at different temperatures, where the QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) properties allowed predicting the behavior of the pesticides, that is, the degree of hydrophobicity (log P) and accessible surface area (ASA) were important parameters in the evaluation of SWCNTox/Q as an adsorbent and surface interacting with pesticides respectively. Finally, the adsorption was a physisorption process due to the electronegativity of the CO, OH, NH2, NH and C=O bonds.
Diversidad funcional vs. educación inclusiva. En la búsqueda de un camino para orientar la formación inicial del docente de ciencias
Authors: Bolaños Ortega Eliana María
Published: June 2024

En la actualidad, los docentes se encuentran con una realidad en el aula: la presencia de estudiantes que poseen diversas habilidades. Por tanto, este escrito hace parte de una investigación que busca aportar a la formación inicial de docentes, particularmente de ciencias, en contextos de aula con estudiantes que poseen diversas habilidades. Durante la búsqueda de antecedentes se encontraron artículos que describen propuestas fundamentadas en la discapacidad, las necesidades educativas especiales y la diversidad funcional. Esta mezcla de términos promueve una revisión documental que permite identificar algunas tendencias investigativas sobre la formación inicial del docente de ciencias para la diversidad funcional. Para ello, se establecen tres momentos: el primero revela las problemáticas, las necesidades y la pregunta ¿cuáles son las tendencias en la investigación sobre formación de docentes de ciencias que se plantean relacionadas con diversidad funcional, educación inclusiva, discapacidad y necesidades educativas especiales? El segundo momento describe las formas metodológicas para la construcción de una matriz de análisis. En el tercer momento, con ayuda del software Atlas.ti, se construyen unas redes de análisis que determinan que el camino de la diversidad funcional aportará a la formación inicial de los docentes de ciencias.
EFFECT OF NEW NICOTINE ACID DERIVATIVES ON RAT'S HIPPOCAMPUS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Yasnetsov Vik.V. , Ivanov Yu.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Yasnetsov V.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Experiments on hippocampal slices in rats showed that new nicotine acid derivatives LKhT 8-20 and LKhT 9-20 at a concentration of 5 mM inhibited orthrodromic population responses in field СА1 by 89  1 % and 84  2 %, respectively; in comparison, mexicor (reference preparation) in equal concentration inhibited these responses by 52  4 %. Effectiveness of LKhT 8-20 and LKhT 9-20 exceeded that of mexicor in 1.7 and 1.6 times, respectively; LKhT 8-20 exceeded LKhT 9-20 in 1.1 times. Also, in the presence of L-glutamate (0.75 М) LKhT 8-20 (5 mМ) inhibited the evoked neuron responses by 95  2 % and LKhT 9-20 (5 mМ) by 86  1 %. Therefore, LKhT 8-20 and LKhT 9-20 inhibit synaptic transmission between Schaffer collaterals and pyramidal neurons in rat's hippocampal field СА1. Both compounds are L-glutamergic by nature which reveals itself by almost complete in LKhT 8-20 and to a less degree (primarily) in LKhT 9-20. It may be deduced that hippocampus has an important role in the central effect of these new compounds.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELIABILITY CRITERIA OF A LUNAR BASE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM AT THE EARLY STAGE OF MOON EXPLORATION
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow, Kudriavtseva N.S. , Sorokin А.Е. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow
Published: June 2024

It is proposed to provide an initial manned Lunar base with an updated life support system (LSS) exploited at the Mir orbital station and ISS in context of such criteria as minimal mass expenditure and maximal closure. Preliminary estimation of such LSS reliability was made, as well feasibility and suitability to improve regeneration subsystems in order to reduce expensive resupply delivery and save crew time for assembly of the lunar infrastructure. LSS reliability is defines as a probability of crew loss in consequence of failure of an essential regeneration subsystem. It was shown that with a 5-fold increase of the mean error-free running time of all subsystems the probability of crew loss may be equal to 0.005–0.01 at the condition that each subsystem has 2 cold redundancy units if its functional time is two years, 3 units if its functional times is 10 years and 4 units if its functional time is 15 years. Calculations made with the use of 3 cost-reliability models demonstrated that the proposed updating is justified, as the cost of subsystems will increase in 4.6 times on the average.
Modelación computacional de deslizamientos de tierra masivos inducidos por sismos usando el Método del Punto Material
Authors: Lemus Luis , Rodríguez Jaime , Cáceres Vicente , Mery Diego
Published: June 2024

Los deslizamientos de tierra representan uno de los riesgos naturales más frecuentes y destructivos en los últimos años. En países altamente sísmicos, la ocurrencia de sismos de gran magnitud es un relevante factor desencadenante en la generación de estos deslizamientos. Bajo este contexto, es de interés para diversas disciplinas de la ingeniería civil, el estudio de estos fenómenos mediante análisis empíricos, métodos analíticos y modelación numérica, que permitan reproducir o predecir estos complejos problemas. Para avanzar en el entendimiento de este tipo de deslizamientos, en este trabajo, se desarrolla una modelación computacional que permita describir la dinámica de un deslizamiento de tierra y/o roca producto de una acción sísmica, utilizandoel Método de Punto Material (MPM). Actualmente, el uso del MPM resulta de gran interés al tratarse de un método numérico desarrollado con la capacidad de modelar grandes deformaciones. Esto a diferencia de los métodos tradicionales, como por ejemplo el Método de los Elementos Finitos (MEF), el cual no logra representar de manera precisa este tipo de problemas debido a que en el proceso se generan errores asociados a distorsión de la malla. En este trabajo, se lleva a cabo una modelación sobre un caso real y documentado, consistente en el deslizamiento masivo ocurrido en la localidad de Daguangbao, China, provocado por el terremotode Wenchuan el año 2008. Los resultados obtenidos logran capturar la dinámica del deslizamiento en términos de velocidades, deformaciones y distancia de recorrido según los reportes existentes y otros trabajos de investigación. Las velocidades máximas alcanzadas del deslizamiento, del orden de los 100 km/h, corroboran la categoría catastrófica de este evento.
Marketing strategy and business development to improve product quality and innovation in Omah Kepiting Micro, small and medium enterprises in Surabaya
Authors: Purwanti Upik , Adiyani Rini , Darmaningrung Kurniawati
Published: June 2024

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in improving the regional economy and the economy of a country. The government pays great attention to the development of MSMEs to survive the global crisis. Various initiatives are always pursued by the government through the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises so that more and more individuals want to pursue the entrepreneurial world. UMKM Omah Kepiting is one of the Pakal Emas MSMEs groups located in Surabaya. MSMEs Omah Kepiting provides a variety of foods with certain characteristics, both traditional and modern foods. Omah Kepiting strives for several innovations and creations in food to attract consumers. Omah Kepiting also always strives to improve the quality of food products so that consumers are satisfied with the taste of food and service. This research is quantitative. Data collection through questionnaires and other similar research reference data. Data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study showed that quality is influenced by marketing strategies and Business Development by 88.2%, while the remaining 11.8% is influenced by other variables that are not included in this study.
Features of Ummah Functioning in the Border Town of Zaisan until 1920
Authors:   independent researcher, Alexander Pavlovich Yarkov , Yuri Aleksandrovich Denyakin
Published: June 2024

The article examines the history of the Muslim community in the town of Zaisan (now in the territory of Kazakhstan) until 1920. The community was established in a Russian military out-post on the border with China and in the first decade of its existence consisted of two parts – immi-grants from the Russians provinces and nomads from the newly annexed territories. The difference in confessional practices and the absence of Kazakh imams oriented towards “steppe Islam” with remnants of archaic beliefs and ancient monotheistic Tengriism led to the adoption of the practices of conducting services by the nomads. For example, Jadidism calling for enlightenment and equality for Muslim women was introduced. The missionary activities of the Orthodox church were hindered by locally trained ulema. A tacit competition in piety grew up in the multi-confessional urban com-munity. Events of the early twentieth century led to severities for believers, when families and the ummah were split by political views. In fact, 1920 became the starting year for Muslims to go un-derground and the confrontation of some of them with the Soviet authorities led to human trage-dies. The revival of the community in modern conditions is fraught with difficulties.
Polar Islam in the Context of Russia’s “New Muslim Geography”: Social, Institutional and Identificational Features
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Arbakhan Kurbanovich Magomedov , Magomedemin Magomedrasulovich Gadzhiev ,   Moscow State Linguistic University,   Dagestan State University
Published: June 2024

The article examines one of the most underexplored aspects of Russian Islamic studies, i.e. the development of Islam in the regions of the rapidly changing Russian North. It introduces the concept of “new Muslim geography” of Russia to describe how new Islamic areas appear and develop in Northern Eurasia. The development of polar Muslim communities indicates that domestic Islam can no longer be considered as a socio-religious phenomenon, confined to its historical regions – the North Caucasus and the Volga region. It appears to be a by-product of intensive migration processes in the industrial cities of the Arctic. The processes of social mobility lead to the influx of a large number of Muslims from various post-Soviet states and regions into the northern cities of Russia. The study answers the question: is there any new “special Islam” emerging in the conditions of the Russian Arctic that differs from the all-Russian one? The authors believe that it is premature to talk about this. Most of the characteristic features inherent in Arctic Islam are also present in other Is-lamic regions of Russia. Nevertheless, such characteristics of the Russian North as severe climatic conditions, territorial remoteness and the industrial nature of the polar cities make it necessary to focus on some specific social characteristics to which the Muslims of the region adapt. The rapidly growing Muslim communities in the cities of the Russian Arctic show the close connection of Islam with the future of Russia and open up new ideas about Islam as a more modern and broader social factor that has a great influence on changing labor markets and the urban social structure. The work outlines a new research prospect: how new migrants and social groups can influence the collective and individual identity of the northern regions.
Muslim Practices of Conflicts Resolution: Doctrinal Bases and Their Implementation in Contemporary Russia
Authors:   The Center for Islamic Studies of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Ilshat Amirovich Mukhametzaripov
Published: June 2024

The article summarizes the main provisions of the theory of conflict regarding the practices of conflict resolution (G. Simmel, L. Coser, K.E. Boulding, R. Darendorf), reveals the foundations of the Islamic doctrine of reconciliation, mediation, arbitration and judging, provides examples of these prac-tices in Dagestan and Tatarstan. Conflictologists identify three ways to resolve conflicts: negotiation, mediation and arbitration, while judging is viewed as coercion. The Qur’an, the Sunnah and fiqh litera-ture also mention four practices of settlement, but the focus is on reconciliation and fair judging in ac-cordance with Allah's commandments. Muslim conflict regulators have various tools for resolving con-flict and can act in different roles: arbitrators and judges can simultaneously advise and reconcile the parties, depending on the circumstances, while respect for religious norms is the main element of the Muslim system. In contemporary Russia, traditional Muslim practices are used taking into account re-gional and cultural features. For example, the regulators of conflict situations in Dagestan and Ta-tarstan are Muslims who are authoritative due to their knowledge, experience and status: Sharia special-ists, imams, qadis and other representatives of muftiats, businessmen, and other people respected in their communities. The cases are various: marriage and family matters, property and business disputes, issues of compensation in cases of death, health harm and other conflicts between believers.