bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is the proportion of per capita fat supply associated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity? an ecological analysis
Authors: Swarnamali Hasinthi , Jayawardena Ranil , Michail Chourdakis  , Ranasinghe Priyanga
Published: January 2022

Background

Although it is reported in numerous interventional and observational studies, that a low-fat diet is an effective method to combat overweight and obesity, the relationship at the global population level is not well established. This study aimed to quantify the associations between worldwide per capita fat supply and prevalence of overweight and obesity and further classify this association based on per capita Gross National Income (GNI).

Methods

A total of 93 countries from four GNI groups were selected. Country-specific overweight and obesity prevalence data were retrieved from the most recent WHO Global Health Observatory database. Per capita supply of fat and calories were obtained from the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization database; FAOSTAT, Food Balance Sheet for years 2014–2016. The categorizations of countries were done based on GNI based classification by the World Bank.

Results

Among the selected countries, the overweight prevalence ranged from 3.9% (India) to 78.8% (Kiribati), while obesity prevalence ranged from 3.6% (Bangladesh) to 46.0% (Kiribati). The highest and the lowest per capita fat supply from total calorie supply were documented in Australia (41.2%) and Madagascar (10.5%) respectively. A significant strong positive correlation was observed between the prevalence of overweight (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and obesity (r = 0.59, p < 0.001) with per capita fat supply. The lower ends of both trend lines were densely populated by the low- and lower-middle-income countries and the upper ends of both lines were greatly populated by the high-income countries.

Conclusions

Per capita fat supply per country is significantly associated with both prevalence of overweight and obesity.
We are all migrants
Authors: Valsiner Jaan
Published: January 2022

Migration is the basis for development—economic, social, and psychological. In this paper I will examine borders on migration that entail the ambivalent relating by the societal context of migration to the act of movement of the people who become migrants, and their counterparts (“counter-migrants”) who do not. My focus on the issue stems from my theory of Cultural Psychology of Semiotic Dynamics that can deal with the process of becoming, being, and feeling as “migrant” or “counter-migrant”. A societal rule system is fortified by the system of social representations of the people who—by the act of moving from one place to another—are designated to become migrants by the rule systems of the non-migrants. Cultural psychology contributes to the study of the emerging prejudices and ways of their overcoming by the non-migrant local recipients as well as to the ambivalences of the persons who move to the relating with the social role “migrant” and its overcoming. Historically speaking—we as the species of Homo sapiens are all migrants—only at differing times and circumstances.
Association between preference and e-learning readiness among the Bangladeshi female nursing students in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kabir Humayun , Tonmon Tajrin Tahrin , Hasan Md. Kamrul , Biswas Lila , Chowdhury Md. Abul Hasnat , Islam Muhammad Didarul , Rahman Mamunur , Mitra Dipak Kumar
Published: January 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic jeopardized the traditional academic learning calendars due to the closing of all educational institutions across the globe. To keep up with the flow of learning, most of the educational institutions shifted toward e-learning. However, the students’ e-learning preference and e-learning readiness did not identify, particularly among the Bangladeshi female nursing students, where those can pose serious challenges. A cross-sectional study was carried out among the female nursing students between December 26, 2020, and January 11, 2021. A total of 237 students were recruited who have enrolled in e-learning at least the last 30 days of the participation. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to find the association of students’ preference, e-learning readiness domains, and other variables.

Results

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the female nursing students to assess perceived e-learning readiness in the subdomains of readiness; availability, technology use, self-confidence, acceptance and training. The findings of the study revealed that the prevalence of preference for e-learning was 43.46%. The students did not prefer e-learning compared to ‘prefer group’ has significantly less availability of technology (β = − 3.01, 95% CI − 4.46, − 1.56), less use of technology (β = − 3.08, 95% CI − 5.11, − 1.06), less self-confidence (β = − 4.50, 95% CI − 7.02, − 1.98), less acceptance (β = − 5.96, 95% CI − 7.76, − 4.16) and less training need (β = − 1.86, 95% CI − 2.67, − 1.06). The age, degree, residence, parents’ highest education, having a single room, and having any eye problems were significantly associated with the variation of availability of technology, use of technology, self-confidence, acceptance, and training need of e-learning.

Conclusions

The outcomes of the study could be helpful while developing an effective and productive e-learning infrastructure regarding the preparedness of nursing colleges for the continuation of academia in any adverse circumstances like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Seismic wavefield model excited by a finite long cylindrical charge
Authors: Xu Qian , Wang Zhong-Qi , Han Wen-Gong , Yu Cheng-Long
Published: January 2022

The amplitude-frequency characteristic of a seismic wave excited by explosion sources directly affects the accuracy of seismic exploration. To reveal the effect law related to a cylindrical charge, this research proposes a seismic wavefield model excited by a long cylindrical charge. According to the characteristics of the blasting cavity generated by a finite-length cylindrical charge, the seismic wavefield characteristics of a cylindrical charge excitation are obtained by superposing the seismic wavefield excited by a series of spherical charges. Numerical simulation results show that the calculation error of the blasting cavity characteristics of the theoretical model is within 10%. The comparison with field experimental results shows that the error of the model is within 9.4%. The velocity field of the excited seismic wave is almost the same as that of the spherical charge when the explosion distance to the cylindrical charge with finite length is 16–21 times longer than the charge length, but the frequency of the seismic wave is 30% higher than for a spherical charge. Moreover, the explosive velocity has a certain influence on the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the seismic wave excited by the cylindrical charge. The established theoretical model can accurately describe the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the seismic wavefield excited by a cylindrical charge with finite length.
Fractal characteristics of the micropore throats in the shale oil reservoirs of the Chang 7 member of the Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin
Authors: Li Peng , Liu Zhongbao , Bi He , Liu Jun , Zheng Min , Wu Guoqiang , Bian Ruikang , Wang Pengwei
Published: January 2022

With the development of the global shale oil and gas revolution, shale oil has became an important replacement field to increase oil and gas reserves and production. The Chang 7 member of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin is an important shale oil exploration series in China. To study the micropore-throat structure characteristics of the Chang 7 member, we have conducted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-pressure mercury intrusion (HPMI) experiments to analyze the pore-throat structure features of the Chang 7 reservoir, and we have considered fractal theory to study the fractal characteristics. The NMR results indicate that the [Formula: see text] spectral morphology of the Chang 7 reservoir can be characterized by three main patterns encompassing early and late peaks with different amplitudes: the type 1 reservoir contains mostly small pores and few large pores, and the porosities of the small and large pores range from 4.16% to 9.04% and 0.70% to 2.40%, respectively; the type 2 reservoir contains similar amounts of small and large pores; and the type 3 reservoir contains few small pores and mostly large pores, while the porosities of the small and large pores range from 1.81% to 2.74% and 3.32% to 5.64%, respectively. The pore-throat structure parameters are obviously affected by the pore size distribution, which in turn influences the reservoir seepage characteristics of the reservoir. The micropore-throat structure of the reservoir exhibits obvious piecewise fractal characteristics and mainly includes dichotomous and trilateral fractals. The type 1 reservoirs are dominated by dichotomous fractals, and these two fractal types are equally distributed in the type 2 and 3 reservoirs. The fractal dimension of the pore throats of different scales exhibits a negative correlation with the corresponding porosity, but no correlation is observed with the permeability, indicating that the size of the reservoir determined by pore throats imposes a strong controlling effect on their fractal characteristics.
A longitudinal study of post-traumatic stress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms trajectories in subjects with bipolar disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Carmassi Claudia , Cordone Annalisa , Bertelloni Carlo Antonio , Cappelli Andrea , Pedrinelli Virginia , Sampogna Gaia , Massimetti Gabriele , Dell’Oste Valerio , Dell’Osso Liliana
Published: January 2022

Background

Bipolar disorder (BD) is recognized to be at high risk for developing negative psychopathological sequelae to potentially traumatic events. Nevertheless, scant data are still available about the effects of the COVID-19 emergency on the clinical course of BD. The present study examined prospectively the development and trajectories of post-traumatic stress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms among subjects with BD that were followed in an outpatient psychiatric clinic at the time of pandemic onset.

Methods

A cohort of 89 subjects with BD was enrolled during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and assessed at baseline (T0), 2-months (T1), and 6-months (T2) follow-up. A K-means cluster analysis was used to identify distinct trajectories of depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms during the three time points.

Results

We identified three trajectories: the Acute reaction (13.5%); the Increasing severity (23.6%); and the Low symptoms (62.9%) groups, respectively. In the Acute reaction group a significant prevalence of female gender was reported with respect to the Low symptoms one. Subjects in the Increasing severity group reported significantly lower employment rate, and higher rate of relatives at risk for COVID-19 medical complications. Subjects in the Increasing Severity group reported higher rates of previous hospitalization and manic symptoms at baseline than those included in the Low symptoms one.

Conclusions

Our results describe three distinct symptom trajectories during the COVID-19 emergency in a cohort of subjects suffering from BD, suggesting the need of a long-term follow-up for detecting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in this vulnerable population.
ANSWER: Annotation Software for Electronic Reporting
Authors: Raulerson Chelsea , Jimenez Guillaume , Wakeland Benjamin , Villa Erika , SoRelle Jeffrey A. , Malter James , Gagan Jeffrey , Cantarel Brandi
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE

To better use genetic testing, which is used by clinicians to explain the molecular mechanism of disease and to suggest clinical actionability and new treatment options, clinical next-generation sequencing (NGS) laboratories must send the results into reports in PDF and discrete data element format (HL7). Although most clinical diagnostic tests have set molecular markers tested and have a set range of values or a binary result (positive or negative), the NGS genetic test could examine hundreds or thousands of genes with no predefined list of variants. Although there are some commercial and open-source tools for clinically reporting genomics results for oncology testing, they often lack necessary features.

METHODS

Using several available software tools for data storage including MySQL and MongoDB, database querying with Python, and a web-based user application using JAVA and JAVA script, we have developed a tool to store and query complex genomics and demographics data, which can be manually curated and reported by the user.

RESULTS

We have developed a tool, Annotation SoftWare for Electronic Reporting (ANSWER), that can allow molecular pathologists to (1) filter variants to find those meeting quality control metrics in the genes that are clinically actionable by diagnosis; (2) visualize variants using data generated in the bioinformatics analysis; (3) create annotations that can be reused in future reports with association specific to the gene, variant, or diagnosis; (4) select variants and annotations that should be reported to match the details of the case; and (5) generate a report that includes demographics, reported variants, clinical actionability annotation, and references that can be exported into PDF or HL7 format, which can be electronically sent to an electronic health record.

CONCLUSION

ANSWER is a tool that can be installed locally and is designed to meet the clinical reporting needs of a clinical oncology NGS laboratory for reporting.
Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes of Physicians in Low- and Middle-Income Countries on Fertility and Pregnancy-Related Issues in Young Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Khan Shah Zeb , Arecco Luca , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia , Sirohi Bhawna , Ponde Noam F. , Habeeb Baker , Brandão Mariana , Azim Hatem A. , Chowdhury Arman Reza , Bozovic-Spasojevic Ivana , Kovalenko Iryna , Odhiambo Andrew , Seid Fahmi Usman , Mutombo Alex Baleka , Petracci Fernando , Vidra Radu , Altuna Sara C. , Petrova Mila , Kourie Hampig Raphael , Ozturk Mehmet Akif , Razeti Maria Grazia , Lengyel Csongor György , Talibova Narmin , Mariamidze Elene , Sacardo Karina Perez , Duma Narjust , Gyawali Bishal , Trapani Dario , Tagliamento Marco , Lambertini Matteo
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE

Fertility and pregnancy-related issues are highly relevant for young (≤ 40 years) patients with breast cancer. Limited evidence exists on knowledge, practice, and attitudes of physicians from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) regarding these issues.

METHODS

A 19-item questionnaire adapted from an international survey exploring issues about fertility preservation and pregnancy after breast cancer was sent by e-mail between November 2019 and January 2020 to physicians from LMICs involved in breast cancer care. Descriptive analyses were performed.

RESULTS

A total of 288 physicians from Asia, Africa, America, and Europe completed the survey. Median age was 38 years. Responders were mainly medical oncologists (44.4%) working in an academic setting (46.9%). Among responders, 40.2% and 53.8% reported having never consulted the available international guidelines on fertility preservation and pregnancy after breast cancer, respectively. 25.0%, 19.1%, and 24.3% of responders answered to be not at all knowledgeable about embryo, oocyte, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation, respectively; 29.2%, 23.6%, and 31.3% declared that embryo, oocyte, and ovarian tissue cryopreservation were not available in their countries, respectively. 57.6% of responders disagreed or were neutral on the statement that controlled ovarian stimulation can be considered safe in patients with breast cancer. 49.7% and 58.6% of responders agreed or were neutral on the statement that pregnancy in breast cancer survivors may increase the risk of recurrence overall or only in those with hormone receptor–positive disease, respectively.

CONCLUSION

This survey showed suboptimal knowledge, practice, and attitudes of physicians from LMICs on fertility preservation and pregnancy after treatment completion in young women with breast cancer. Increasing awareness and education on these aspects are needed to improve adherence to available guidelines and to promote patients' oncofertility counseling.
HIV and Hodgkin Lymphoma Survival: A Prospective Study in Botswana
Authors: Moahi Kaelo , Ralefala Tlotlo , Nkele Isaac , Triedman Scott , Sohani Aliyah , Musimar Zola , Efstathiou Jason , Armand Philipe , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience increased risk of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) despite effective initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). In high-income countries, outcomes following HIV HL have been reported to be non-differential, or inferior for PLWH. We sought to assess the effect of HIV on HL survival in Botswana, an African country with a generalized HIV epidemic and high ART coverage, to describe a context more reflective of global HIV populations.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In the Thabatse Cancer Cohort, consenting participants initiating treatment for HL at one of four cancer centers in Botswana were enrolled from 2010 to 2020. Patients were followed quarterly for up to 5 years. The impact of HIV on survival following treatment initiation was assessed using an inverse probability–weighted Cox marginal structural model adjusted for age, performance status, and disease stage.

RESULTS

Seventy-eight new HL cases were enrolled, 47 (60%) were PLWH and 31 (40%) were HIV-uninfected. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The majority (61%) of patients presented with regional disease (stage I or II) with no statistically significant difference by HIV status ( P = .38). Nearly all (87%) PLWH participants were on ART before their HL diagnosis (median ART duration 42 months), and median CD4 count was 413 cells/μL (interquartile range 253-691). Survival, in unadjusted analyses, was lower among patients without HIV compared with PLWH (log rank P = .021). In adjusted analysis, HIV infection was not significantly associated with survival in inverse probability–weighted Cox model (hazard ratio 0.43; 95% CI, 0.16 to 1.16; P = .094).

CONCLUSION

In this cohort of patients treated for HL in Botswana, survival in PLWH (87% on long-standing ART) was at least as good as in individuals without HIV.
Human INHBB Gene Variant (c.1079T>C:p.Met360Thr) Alters Testis Germ Cell Content, but Does Not Impact Fertility in Mice
Authors: Houston Brendan J , O’Connor Anne E , Wang Degang , Goodchild Georgia , Merriner D Jo , Luan Haitong , Conrad Don F , Nagirnaja Liina , Aston Kenneth I , Kliesch Sabine , Wyrwoll Margot J , Friedrich Corinna , Tüttelmann Frank , Harrison Craig , O’Bryan Moira K , Walton Kelly
Published: January 2022

Testicular-derived inhibin B (α/β B dimers) acts in an endocrine manner to suppress pituitary production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), by blocking the actions of activins (β A/B/β A/B dimers). Previously, we identified a homozygous genetic variant (c.1079T>C:p.Met360Thr) arising from uniparental disomy of chromosome 2 in the INHBB gene (β B-subunit of inhibin B and activin B) in a man suffering from infertility (azoospermia). In this study, we aimed to test the causality of the p.Met360Thr variant in INHBB and testis function. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate InhbbM364T/M364T mice, where mouse INHBB p.Met364 corresponds with human p.Met360. Surprisingly, we found that the testes of male InhbbM364T/M364T mutant mice were significantly larger compared with those of aged-matched wildtype littermates at 12 and 24 weeks of age. This was attributed to a significant increase in Sertoli cell and round spermatid number and, consequently, seminiferous tubule area in InhbbM364T/M364T males compared to wildtype males. Despite this testis phenotype, male InhbbM364T/M364T mutant mice retained normal fertility. Serum hormone analyses, however, indicated that the InhbbM364T variant resulted in reduced circulating levels of activin B but did not affect FSH production. We also examined the effect of this p.Met360Thr and an additional INHBB variant (c.314C>T: p.Thr105Met) found in another infertile man on inhibin B and activin B in vitro biosynthesis. We found that both INHBB variants resulted in a significant disruption to activin B in vitro biosynthesis. Together, this analysis supports that INHBB variants that limit activin B production have consequences for testis composition in males.
A human stem cell resource to decipher the biochemical and cellular basis of neurodevelopmental defects in Lowe syndrome
Authors: Akhtar Bilal M. , Bhatia Priyanka , Acharya Shubhra , Sharma Sanjeev , Sharma Yojet , Bhuvanendran Nair Suseela Devi Aswathy , Ganapathy Kavina , Vasudevan Anil , Raghu Padinjat
Published: January 2022

Human brain development is a complex process where multiple cellular and developmental events are coordinated to generate normal structure and function. Alteration in any of these events can impact brain development, manifesting clinically as neurodevelopmental disorders. Human genetic disorders of lipid metabolism often present with features of altered brain function. Lowe syndrome (LS) is an X-linked recessive disease with features of altered brain function. LS results from mutations in OCRL1, which encodes a phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase enzyme. However, the cellular mechanisms by which loss of OCRL1 leads to brain defects remain unknown. Human brain development involves several cellular and developmental features not conserved in other species and understanding such mechanisms remains a challenge. Rodent models of LS have been generated but failed to recapitulate features of the human disease. Here we describe the generation of human stem cell lines from LS patients. Further, we present biochemical characterization of lipid metabolism in patient cell lines and demonstrate their use as a ‘disease-in-a-dish’ model for understanding the mechanism by which loss of OCRL1 leads to altered cellular and physiological brain development.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Estrogens regulate early embryonic development of the olfactory sensory system via estrogen-responsive glia
Authors: Takesono Aya , Schirrmacher Paula , Scott Aaron , Green Jon M. , Lee Okhyun , Winter Matthew J. , Kudoh Tetsuhiro , Tyler Charles R.
Published: January 2022

Estrogens are well-known to regulate development of sexual dimorphism of the brain; however, their role in embryonic brain development prior to sex-differentiation is unclear. Using estrogen biosensor zebrafish models, we found that estrogen activity in the embryonic brain occurs from early neurogenesis specifically in a type of glia in the olfactory bulb (OB), which we name estrogen-responsive olfactory bulb (EROB) cells. In response to estrogen, EROB cells overlay the outermost layer of the OB and interact tightly with olfactory sensory neurons at the olfactory glomeruli. Inhibiting estrogen activity using an estrogen receptor antagonist, ICI182,780 (ICI), and/or EROB cell ablation impedes olfactory glomerular development, including the topological organisation of olfactory glomeruli and inhibitory synaptogenesis in the OB. Furthermore, activation of estrogen signalling inhibits both intrinsic and olfaction-dependent neuronal activity in the OB, whereas ICI or EROB cell ablation results in the opposite effect on neuronal excitability. Altering the estrogen signalling disrupts olfaction-mediated behaviour in later larval stage. We propose that estrogens act on glia to regulate development of OB circuits, thereby modulating the local excitability in the OB and olfaction-mediated behaviour.
Inactivity Causes Resistance to Improvements in Metabolism After Exercise
Authors: Coyle Edward F. , Burton Heath M. , Satiroglu Remzi
Published: January 2022

Prolonged sitting prevents a 1-h bout of running from improving fat oxidation and reducing plasma triglycerides. This “exercise resistance” can be prevented by taking 8500 steps·d−1 or by interrupting 8 h of sitting with hourly cycle sprints. We hypothesize that there is an interplay between background physical activity (e.g., steps·d−1) and the exercise stimuli in regulating some acute and chronic adaptations to exercise.
Sistema de integridade local no Brasil: Análise de atores internos em pequenas cidades de Santa Catarina
Authors: De Bona Rodrigo
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar e descrever o Sistema de Integridade Local (LIS) existente em uma amostra de pequenas cidades brasileiras, com ênfase nos atores internos do Poder Executivo, e no funcionamento prático dos mecanismos de freios e contrapesos por eles coordenados (atividades e produtos), sob uma perspectiva institucional com cinco dimensões: a existência e enforcement das regras e a existência, capacidade e autonomia das instituições. Três atores foram selecionados: o setor de controle interno e auditoria, a ouvidoria e o setor de corregedoria e sanções administrativas. Foi aplicada análise estatística sobre dados de 282 municípios com até 100 mil habitantes do Estado de Santa Catarina. Os achados confirmam estudos recentes de que o LIS em pequenas cidades possui instituições internas extremamente frágeis, quando não inexistentes. Onde há, não existe enforcement, autonomia nem capacidade para implementação dos mecanismos necessários ao ciclo anticorrupção. Sistemas de integridade podem ser impostos aos governos locais pelo governo central, ou por pressões externas, como da OCDE, da qual Brasil tem tentado ser aceito como membro, o que pode ser um caminho para o caso brasileiro.
Observatórios sociais e desigualdades no Brasil: Uma análise exploratória e descritiva
Authors: Mazzini Marcondes Mariana , Duarte de Araújo Maria Arlete , José de Souza Washington , Karinyn da Silva Monteiro Gabriellen
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é sintetizar resultados de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva sobre observatórios sociais, realizada como subsídio à criação de um observatório de desigualdades em uma universidade brasileira. Entendemos os observatórios sociais como mecanismos que produzem, difundem e “traduzem” informações, instrumentalizando a participação e o controle social contribuindo, assim, para qualificar ações públicas, inclusive para o enfrentamento das desigualdades. A pesquisa, realizada com base, principalmente, em artigos e documentos, abrangeu duas etapas. Na primeira, construímos um panorama da produção científica sobre observatórios sociais no Brasil, por meio da revisão sistemática de 23 artigos científicos, indexados ao SciELO e Spell (2010-2020). Na segunda, investigamos 56 observatórios, majoritariamente brasileiros. Como principais resultados, identificamos, primeiramente, a inexistência ou incipiência de uma agenda de pesquisa sobre o tema. Na análise de experiências, descrevemos os seguintes elementos estruturais: 1) temas e tipos; 2) origem, parcerias e financiamento; 3) objetivos, resultados esperados e produtos. Em relação a boas práticas, destacamos: 1) produção e difusão de informações (incluindo indicadores e metodologias de monitoramento); 2) “tradução” de informações para a linguagem popular e cidadã; 3) construção e consolidação de redes (incluindo estratégias participativas de governança). A pesquisa dos casos confirma o que a literatura destaca a respeito dos observatórios sociais: funcionam como ferramentas para a participação e o controle social, independentemente da origem, parcerias, tipos, temas e objetivos.
Inovação em compras públicas: Atividades e resultados no caso do robô Alice da Controladoria-Geral da União
Authors: Panis Amanda , Isidro Antonio da Silva Filho , Carneiro Dayse Karenine de Oliveira , Montezano Lana , Resende Junior Pedro Carlos , Sano Hironobu
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em analisar atividades e resultados do processo da inovação no setor público à luz do caso do robô Alice. O framework utilizado para analisar a inovação foi do Modelo Integrado de Gestão Pública Inovadora (GESPUBLIN), proposto por Isidro (2018), considerado como a estratégia mais aderente para acessar o fenômeno como um todo, já que possibilitou analisar o processo de inovação desde sua criação até seus resultados. O GESPUBLIN possui quatro dimensões: ambiente, capacidades, atividades e resultados e este estudo procurou analisar as dimensões, assim como discutir concomitantemente a sua aplicabilidade e seu nível de eficiência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, grupos focais, documentos e literatura. Assim, a pesquisa é considerada de campo, onde se realizou uma investigação empírica no local onde ocorreram os fenômenos inovativos. A análise dos dados desta pesquisa baseou-se na análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2016). Os resultados mostram, de forma geral, que a inovação ocorreu principalmente para a introdução de um novo produto, a fim de solucionar problemas em processos e serviços da organização pública analisada. Conclui-se que o modelo GESPUBLIN foi essencialmente bem adaptado à análise do caso do robô Alice, sendo que sua aplicabilidade deve ser encorajada em modelos semelhantes, a fim de tornar o processo de inovação na administração pública mais claro e conciso, otimizando o setor público nesta esfera tão complexa.
Management of historical information and preference in massive datasets
Authors: Κοσματόπουλος Ανδρέας
Published: January 2022

H εκρηκτική αύξηση του ρυθμού παραγωγής δεδομένων η οποία παρατηρείται από πλήθος διαφορετικών πηγών, αποτελεί ένα χαρακτηριστικό φαινόμενο των τελευταίων δύο δεκαετιών. Ιστοσελίδες παροχής περιεχομένου, κοινωνικά δίκτυα καθώς επίσης και επιχειρήσεις ή οργανισμοί διαφόρων πεδίων όπως Αστρονομία και Γονιδιωματική έχουν καθημερινές ανάγκες αποθήκευσης και επεξεργασίας δεδομένων οι οποίες απαιτούν ένα σημαντικό πλήθος πόρων. Προκύπτει, επομένως, η ανάγκη εύρεσης λύσεων στα προβλήματα των σύγχρονων εφαρμογών οι οποίες θα χαρακτηρίζονται τόσο από χρονική όσο και από χωρική αποδοτικότητα. Για το σκοπό αυτό, η παρούσα διατριβή μελετάει ζητήματα που σχετίζονται με τον αποδοτικό υπολογισμό ερωτημάτων προτίμησης καθώς και την αποδοτική διαχείριση ιστορικής πληροφορίας προτείνοντας αλγορίθμους και δομές δεδομένων με γραμμικό χωρικό κόστος. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, το πρώτο μέρος της διατριβής ασχολείται με τη δυναμική διατήρηση των k κορυφαίων σημείων κυριαρχίας και τον υπολογισμό 3-πλευρών ερωτημάτων κορυφογραμμής σε πλήρως δυναμικά σύνολα δεδομένων. Το δεύτερο μέρος της διατριβής παρουσιάζει ένα πρότυπο σύστημα με το όνομα HiNode το οποίο διαχειρίζεται ιστορική πληροφορία σε ακολουθίες εξελισσόμενων γραφημάτων και χαρακτηρίζεται από ασυμπτωτικά βέλτιστο χωρικό κόστος. Τέλος, περιγράφονται δύο υλοποιήσεις για το σύστημα HiNode, που βασίζονται σε διαφορετικές υποκείμενες τεχνολογίες, οι οποίες ακολούθως αξιολογούνται πειραματικά.
Η ποίηση για παιδιά των Γιάννη Ρίτσου και Κώστα Μόντη υπό το φως της συναλλακτικής θεωρίας της L. M. Rosenblatt
Authors: Ντάκα Τσαμπίκα
Published: January 2022

Με την παρούσα διατριβή επιδιώκουμε να συνεισφέρουμε στο πεδίο μελέτης για την ποίηση για παιδιά. Εξετάζουμε το έργο δύο σπουδαίων λογοτεχνών της Ελλάδας και της Κύπρου, των Γιάννη Ρίτσου και Κώστα Μόντη, αντίστοιχα. Αντικείμενο μελέτης αποτελούν οι παιδικές ποιητικές συλλογές των εν λόγω ποιητών, καθώς και άλλα ποιήματά τους που μπορούν να διαβαστούν από παιδιά. Για τις ανάγκες εκπόνησης αυτής της διατριβής, λάβαμε υπόψη μας τις σύγχρονες απόψεις για το παιδί-αναγνώστη, την ποίηση για παιδιά (θεωρία και διδακτική), καθώς και το ιστορικο-κοινωνικό πλαίσιο της εποχής στο οποίο έζησαν και δημιούργησαν οι δύο ποιητές. Το θεωρητικό εργαλείο για την ανάλυσή μας αποτελεί η Συναλλακτική θεωρία τής Louise Michelle Rosenblatt, βάση τής οποίας αποτελεί η ισότιμη συναλλαγή κειμένου-αναγνώστη. Δίχως να παραμερίζεται το κείμενο, δίνεται έμφαση στην υποκειμενική ανταπόκριση του αναγνώστη η οποία πραγματοποιείται με βάση τις δομημένες εμπειρίες του/βιώματα από τη ζωή, τη γλώσσα και τη λογοτεχνία, καθώς και τη συναισθηματική και διανοητική εμπλοκή του για την αναδημιουργία τού κειμένου. Επίσης, σύμφωνα με τις διδακτικές προεκτάσεις τής Συναλλακτικής Θεωρίας το παιδί-αναγνώστης προτρέπεται να εστιάσει την προσοχή του στις προσωπικές αντιδράσεις σε σχέση με το κείμενο. Συνεπώς, η σχέση δασκάλου-μαθητή-κειμένου επαναπροσδιορίζεται· τίθεται ως ισότιμη και αμφίπλευρη επικοινωνία και απαλλάσσεται από παραδοσιακές φορμαλιστικές προσεγγίσεις για το ένα και μοναδικό νόημα. Για την προσέγγιση του θέματός μας, σε ένα πρώτο επίπεδο, αναδεικνύουμε πτυχές του κειμένου, μορφής και περιεχομένου, σε συνάρτηση με τον ρόλο τού παιδιού-αναγνώστη το οποίο καλείται να εμπλακεί στην αναγνωστική διαδικασία, με βάση τις εμπειρίες, τη συναισθηματική και διανοητική του ενεργοποίηση, ώστε να βιώσει τη λογοτεχνική εμπειρία που του προσφέρεται. Σε ένα δεύτερο επίπεδο, και με γνώμονα το θεωρητικό μας εργαλείο, προτείνουμε τρόπους δημιουργικής διδασκαλίας τής ποίησης των Ρίτσου και Μόντη στο πλαίσιο διδασκαλίας σε τάξη τού δημοτικού σχολείου και παραθέτουμε προτάσεις προσέγγισης σε επιλεγμένα ποιήματα. Τέλος, παραθέτουμε δύο παραδείγματα εφαρμογής με μαθητές της Δ΄ τάξης τού δημοτικού σχολείου.
Ultrasound findings in lateral elbow tendinopathy: A retrospective analysis of radiological tendon features
Authors: Droppelmann Guillermo , Feijoo Felipe , Greene Cristobal , Tello Manuel , Rosales Julio , Yáñez Roberto , Jorquera Carlos , Prieto David
Published: January 2022

Background: Lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) is prevalent in the upper extremity, with various therapeutic options. Understanding the types and the relations between the radiological tendon features would help to develop more specific treatments. This study reviewed ultrasound exams of LET to investigate the types of degenerative findings and the relationships between them in one of the most prominent sports medicine clinics in Latin America.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed. We evaluated 4335 ultrasonographic exams with LET from 2017 and 2018. Five principal degenerative ultrasound criteria with subtypes were selected: hypoechogenicity, neovascularity, calcification, enthesopathy, and intrasubstance tear. A multiple linear regression model was conducted to explore the association between the findings, sex, and age.

Results: Overall, 4324 ultrasound exams were analyzed; 2607 (60.29%) were males. Multiple degenerative tendon findings were found in adults (≥18 years) with LET. Hypoechogenicity (67.77%) and neovascularity (37.8%) were the most frequent. The mean length of a tendon tear in both sexes was 4.44 (± 2.81) millimeters. Mild hypoechogenicity (P < .001), and depth intrasubstance tear (P < .01) were statistically significant between them. Severe hypoechogenicity was associated with an increase in all tendon tear dimensions for length 1.37 ([95% Confidence interval (CI), 0.57, 2.17]; P < .001), for width 1.10 ([95% CI, 0.33, 1.87]; P < .01) and for depth 1.64 ([95% CI, 0.40, 2.88]; P < .01). Additional findings associated with an increase in the length dimension were 0.42 associated with focal neovascularity ([95% CI, 0.19, 0.65]; P < .001), and 0.71 associated with multiple neovascularity ([95% CI, 0.27, 1.15]; P < .01).

Conclusions: Hypoechogenicity and neovascularity findings presented a positive association with the size of tendon tear in patients with LET. This study reaffirms the increased predominance of tendon tear during the 4th to 6th decades of life.
Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of rurioctocog alfa pegol for prophylactic treatment in previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Witarto Bendix Samarta , Visuddho Visuddho , Witarto Andro Pramana , Sutanto Henry , Wiratama Bayu Satria , Wungu Citrawati Dyah Kencono
Published: January 2022

Background: Patients with severe hemophilia often present with painful joint and soft tissue bleeding which may restrict them from their daily activities. The current standard of care still relies on a regular prophylactic factor VIII (FVIII), which has a high daily treatment burden. Recently, rurioctocog alfa pegol, a third-generation recombinant FVIII with a modification in its polyethylene glycol (PEG) component, has been developed. Several trials have studied this synthetic drug as bleeding prophylaxis in severe hemophilia A. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of rurioctocog alfa pegol for previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A.

Methods: This study was conducted in conformity with the PRISMA guidelines. Data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, and CINAHL (via EBSCOhost). Study qualities were assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) and Modified Jadad scales.

Results: Four studies involving 517 previously treated severe hemophilia A patients were included in this study. The pooled mean of total annualized bleeding rate (ABR) and hemostatic efficacy was 2.59 (95% CI = 2.04–3.14) and 92% (95% CI = 85%–97%), respectively. Only 30 (2.3%) non-serious and one (1.4%) serious adverse events were considered related to rurioctocog alfa pegol treatment. At the end of the studies, no development of FVIII inhibitory antibodies was observed. None of the developed binding antibodies to FVIII, PEG-FVIII, or PEG was correlated to the treatment efficacy and safety.

Conclusions: Despite the limited availability of direct comparison studies, our analyses indicate that rurioctocog alfa pegol could serve as a safe and effective alternative for bleeding prophylaxis in previously treated hemophilia A patients. Moreover, it appears to have low immunogenicity, which further increases the safety profile of the drug in such clinical conditions.
COVID-19 risk perceptions and precautions among the elderly: A study of CALD adults in South Australia
Authors: Hamiduzzaman Mohammad , Siddiquee Noore , McLaren Helen
Published: January 2022

Background: Coping with COVID-19 is a challenge for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) older adults. In Australia, little attention has been given to understanding associations between cultural contexts, health promotion, and socio-emotional and mental health challenges of older CALD adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we have collected data from older CALD adults to examine their COVID-19 risk perceptions and its association with their health precautions, behavioural dimensions and emergency preparation.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in South Australia. The CALD population aged 60 years and above were approached through 11 South Australian multicultural NGOs.

Results: We provide the details of 155 older CALD South Australians’ demographics, risk perceptions, health precautions (problem-and-emotion-focused), behavioural dimensions and emergency preparation.  The explanatory variables included demographic characteristics (age, gender, education and ethnicity); and risk perception (cognitive [likelihood of being affected] and affective dimension [fear and general concerns], and psychometric paradigm [severity, controllability, and personal impact]. The outcome measure variables were health precautions (problem-focused and emotion-focused), behavioral adaptions and emergency preparation.

Conclusions: This dataset may help the researchers who investigate multicultural health or aged care in the pandemic and or who may have interest to link with other datasets and secondary use of this primary dataset in order to develop culturally tailored pandemic-related response plan. The data set is available from Harvard Dataverse.
Harmonising the human biobanking consent process: an Irish experience
Authors: O'Sullivan Lydia , Carroll Tomás P. , Clarke Niamh , Cooper Sarah , Cullen Ann , Gorman Laura , McCann Billy , Mee Blánaid , Miller Nicola , Murphy Verena , Murray Máiréad , O'Leary Jackie , O'Toole Sharon , Snapes Emma , Bracken Suzanne
Published: January 2022

Biobanks are repositories of human biological samples and data. They are an important component of clinical research in many disease areas and often represent the first step toward innovative treatments. For biobanks to operate, researchers need human participants to give their samples and associated health data. In Ireland, research participants must provide their freely given informed consent for their samples and data to be taken and used for research purposes. Biobank staff are responsible for communicating the relevant information to participants prior to obtaining their consent, and this communication process is supported by the Participant Information Leaflets and Informed Consent Form (PI/ICFs). PILs/ICFs should be concise, intelligible, and contain relevant information. While not a substitute for layperson and research staff discussions, PILs and ICFs ensure that a layperson has enough information to make an informed choice to participate or not. However, PILs/ICFs are often lengthy, contain technical language and can be complicated and onerous for a layperson to read. The introduction of the General Data Protection Regulation and the related Irish Health Research Regulation presented additional challenges to the Irish biobank community. In May 2019, the National Biobanking Working Group (NBWG) was established in Ireland. It consists of members from diverse research backgrounds located in universities, hospitals and research centres across Ireland and a public/patient partner. The NBWG aimed to develop a suite of resources for health research biobanks via robust and meaningful patient engagement, which are accessible, General Data Protection Regulation/Health Research Regulation-compliant and could be used nationally, including a PIL/ICF template. This open letter describes the process whereby this national biobank PIL/ICF template was produced. The development of this template included review by the Patient Voice in Cancer Research, led by Professor Amanda McCann at University College Dublin and the Health Research Data Protection Network.
Diagnosis and successful visual biofeedback therapy using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in a young adult patient with psychogenic dysphagia: a case report
Authors: Kim Youngmo , Han Sang Hun , Shin Yong Beom , Yoon Jin A , Kim Sang Hun
Published: January 2022

Psychogenic dysphagia is a deglutition disorder characterized by a fear of swallowing, with no structural or functional causes. This report presents the case of a young male patient who had severe malnutrition due to psychogenic dysphagia and was provided visual biofeedback using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). A healthy 25-year-old man presented to our clinic with a complaint of throat discomfort when swallowing that had started 6 months prior. As the symptoms worsened, he became fearful of food spreading to his lungs after swallowing and the development of respiratory difficulties. His food intake gradually decreased, resulting in a weight loss of 20 kg within 2 months. Evaluation of organic and other functional causes of dysphagia was performed, but no abnormalities were detected. The sensation of a lump in his throat, fear of swallowing, and anxiety were transformed into somatic symptoms. The patient was diagnosed with psychogenic dysphagia. After visual biofeedback by a physician who performed FEES, the patient resumed eating normally and increased his food intake. If routine tests do not reveal structural or functional causes of dysphagia, assessment of a psychogenic swallowing disorder should be considered. FEES can help in the diagnosis and management of psychogenic dysphagia.
Institute of Administrative Responsibility of Minors in Russia
Authors: Kirillova Elena
Published: January 2022

The monograph examines the features of the institute of administrative responsibility of minors in the Russian Federation, gives a general description of this institution, examines the concept, legal nature, features of this institution, classifies punishments applied to adolescents, and considers judicial practice. Special attention is paid to the proceedings in cases of administrative offenses of minors, the legal status of the commission on juvenile affairs and protection of their rights is investigated, the features of prosecutorial supervision in the proceedings of cases of administrative offenses of minors are considered. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn and recommendations for improving the current Russian legislation are proposed.
For a wide range of readers interested in the issues of administrative responsibility of minors. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of law schools.
Technology: a workshop on labor training
Authors: Vygonov Viktor
Published: January 2022

The textbook discusses the main types of practical work on the subject of "Technology", highlights various types of artistic, creative and design activities of children that underlie this aspect of teaching younger schoolchildren. Detailed material is given on the processing methods and the possibilities of using various types of paper and cardboard.
It can be useful for primary school teachers, educators and counselors of children's recreation camps, students of pedagogical colleges, parents, teachers of additional education.
Family harmony, or the values of family education in Russia
Authors: Volodina Larisa
Published: January 2022

The leading idea of the monograph is the idea of the unity of national priorities in the field of values of family education on the territory of the Russian Federation and the place of the region in its formation. Russian Russian peasant family values formation process in the second half of the XIX — early XX century is presented: in its historical and cultural context in the aspect of correlation with the stages of development of the Russian state; in its historical and pedagogical context in the aspect of correlation with the value priorities
of education in the Russian peasant family, which determined the essence and content of the family way.
The grounds for the representation of the North-Western region of Russia as significant in the formation of values of family education are revealed. The social conditionality of the process of development of traditional values of upbringing in the Russian peasant family is shown, provided by the coordinated actions of social institutions significant in a certain historical period: the state, pedagogical science, the socio-pedagogical movement, religion, the peasant community. The mechanisms
of their translation of the values of upbringing in the Russian peasant family are revealed.
It is addressed to a wide range of readers interested in the history of their region. It can be used in the implementation of basic educational programs of primary, basic, secondary general (vocational) education as the basis of educational work within the framework of educational, extracurricular activities of students; studying courses on the theory of education in the system of professional development of teaching staff; development of legislative and regulatory acts regulating issues of marriage and family relations.