bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING THE STUDY-TECHNOLOGY DISCIPLINE TO FUTURE BORDER OFFICERS
Authors: Tushko Klavdiia , Sovva Serhiy
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the content of the methodology of teaching the course «Start-up-technology» to future border guards. Applied research methods: search and bibliographic (for systematization and organization of the source base; system and subject analysis (to clarify the content of scientific and pedagogical concepts and categories in accordance with the research problem); analysis of scientific and methodological literature, dictionary and reference literature). The article highlights the specifics of the methodology of teaching the discipline «Start-up Technology» to future border guards. The authors touched upon the problems of the quality of higher education in Ukraine, and in particular higher military education. A number of scientific works on the research problem are analysed: publications, monographs, and dissertations. The essence of the methodology of teaching «Start-up-technologies» the authors revealed on the example of the specialty «Telecommunications and Radio Engineering» at the Border Academy. The main features of the methodology are: construction of the working program of the prescribed discipline, taking into account the content of the professional activities of border guards; the distribution of classroom hours was carried out in such a way that most of them provided practical training for future border guards. Approximately 26 teaching hours out of 46 classroom classes are practical classes, the rest are lectures and seminars; a wide range of pedagogical technologies was used during practical and seminar classes with future border guards: from interactive conversations to collaborative technologies; ensuring interdisciplinary communication, as «Start-up technologies» are related to the disciplines «Philosophy», «Political and economic systems», «Project management» and others; use of managerial potential of academic discipline, in order to form the ability to make decisions and awareness of responsibility for these decisions; formation of a new style of thinking, demonstrated by the owners of start-ups around the world; expanding the worldview of border cadets; ensuring the education of future border officers, in particular such qualities as tolerance, restraint, etc.
FEATURES OF THE USE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROSSES OF CONDUCTING PRACTICAL ON FOOD PROFILE SPECIAL COURSES
Authors: Filimonova Iryna
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the problem of scientific research is due to the need to improve the quality of training of future specialists for vocational education institutions. Also practicing teachers have a need to develop practical recommendations for the introduction of innovative technologies in the educational process. The effective use of innovative technologies can optimize the process of conducting an occupation, as well as increase students' interest in professional disciplines. The article reveals the features of the use of innovative technologies when conducting practical classes in special disciplines. The author also analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, substantiates the expediency of their use at various stages of practical work. Also the innovative technologies in conducting professional disciplines contribute to the formation of professional competence. They develop mental activity, help to acquire new knowledge and skills. Their practical application is an important condition for the modern European education. The purpose of the article is to study the features of the use of innovative technologies that will improve the quality of training of future specialists for vocational education institutions. Research methods applied: theoretical (analysis of educational and methodological literature, generalization, forecasting, modeling), empirical (observation, comparison), varieties of heuristic methods (brainstorm, project method, etc.). The practice examples of innovative technologies are based on the research results. They characterize the innovative methods and forms of the Nutrition Physiology discipline’s practical classes. That is why, use of various innovative methods and techniques by practicing teachers, in particular, business games, problematic industrial situations, modern computer technologies of test control, at different stages of practical classes in special disciplines will not only increase students’ interest in learning, but also improve the quality of future specialists' training.
DISORDERS OF COMMUNICATION IN RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GIRLS AND BOYS
Authors: Furda Iryna , Urbanovska Tetyana , Parfanovych Ivanna
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to reveal the specifics of communication disorders in the relationship between a boy and a girl, their origin, the emergence of a couple at the initial stage of communication. It is necessary to take into account those manifestations that lead to serious violations in communication and a couple breakup, in particular, conflicts, and crises. Research methods applied: theoretical (analysis, generalization) and empirical (questionnaire development and implementation, analysis of answers and comparison of data). The consequences of crisis situations in a young couple’s relationship are as follows: it can serve as a motive for self-awareness or rethinking oneself in the relationship; as a push to change behavior; as a risk for another girl or boy; as a risk of suspicions, quarrels and accusations. Elimination of deformations, establishment of relations help young people to get out of problem situations in the right way. Young people mention communication disorders: abuse of time, resources; violation of personal boundaries; directive behavior; ignoring the position of a partner, indifference; attempts to act illegally, inadequately; neglect of opinion, position; manipulation in relationships; immoral manifestations. To determine the specifics of violations in the relationship between a boy and a girl, factors are characterized by personal areas − cognitive, emotional, volitional. The results of the study show that young people find important the factors of influence and correctly understand the ways of establishing interpersonal communication. However, overcoming the crisis is to become a conscious desire.
THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF LEGAL AND REGULATORY LEGISLATION ON PRESERVATION OF HEALTH IN QUARANTINE CONDITIONS
Authors: Shukatka Oksana , Kryvoruchko Illya
Published: June 2021

The article raises an issue of preservation and strengthening health in pandemic conditions, because self-isolation and restrictions on the movement of people cause the loss of physical activity and the emergence of chronic diseases. It is known that all quarantine restrictions and rules are being created and regulated by the state at the legislative level. We appeal to the primary sources of quarantine legislation for deeper understanding of the issue. The purpose of the article is to investigate the historical background of legal and regulatory legislation on preservation of health in quarantine conditions. The following methods of analysis have been used: comparison and synthesis of theoretical data. The period of formation of quarantine legislation is divided into 3 phases: the period of the Middle Ages, the period before the First World War (the 19th century) and the postwar period. The article investigates the history of conduction of the first quarantine measures in Europe during the Middle Ages and the history of creation of the first quarantine legislation in Venice, Hetmanshchyna and the Russian Empire during the 14th – 18th centuries. It has been revealed that the rules of the fight against the spread of epidemiological diseases were established in the 19th century, the first international sanitary conventions and medical authorities in the Russian and Ottoman Empires were created to slow the spread of such dangerous diseases as cholera, plague and yellow fever, not harming the free international trade at that time. The article analyses the results of the first (1851), the fourth (1874) and the seventh (1892) International Sanitary Conferences and the positive and negative consequences of them. It also describes the creation of the first international medical organisations, such as the Office International d'Hygiène Publique (L'Office International d'Hygiene Publique), established in 1907, the Health Organization of the League of Nations, established in 1923 after the First World War, the Hygiene Committee of the League of Nations, established in 1926, and the World Health Organisation (WHO), established in April, 7, 1948 as the medical authority of the United Nations Organisation. The article generalizes the aims of the above-mentioned organisations and their contribution to the combat against the epidemiological diseases of the first half of the 20th century. It has been concluded that we should adhere to the classical principles of the preservation of health in the conditions of coronavirus pandemic to effectively withstand the spread of this virus.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF CHILDREN OF SENIOR PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors: Borysenko Karyna , Bader Svitlana
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the study of the conditioned capabilities of society for the development of active, successful, harmoniously developed, self-sufficient personality, that is capable of effective communication with other people. This becomes possible due to the high level of development emotional intelligence. The purpose of the article is to determine the leading features of the development of emotional intelligence of children of senior preschool. Theoretical methods used: analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, classification, etc. The essence of the leading categories is determined, in particular: «emotional intelligence», «emotional intelligence of children of senior preschool»; the leading features of its development at this age stage are characterized. Thus, the leading features of the development of emotional intelligence of a senior preschooler include: active development of the emotional sphere of a child; expansion of social contacts, which affects the intensity and quality of communication with others on the one hand, on the other − helps to navigate the diversity of emotional states of people, promotes the accumulation of emotional experience in senior preschoolers; expanding the range of emotions that a child is able to recognize, their verbalization; formation of ability for the volitional regulation of emotional manifestations against the background of situationality; formation of emotional decentration and the formation of ability for the emotional foresight. Instead, a fundamentally important thesis on the development of emotional intelligence of senior preschoolers still needs systematic, purposeful work by adults in this direction, because it is difficult for a child to recognize the causes of emotional state, effectively regulate emotions and build an adequate model of behaviour based on emotions they demonstrate. Prospects for further research on the development of emotional intelligence of senior preschoolers are identified.
VARIETIES OF GROUPS OF MASS BEHAVIOR FORMED IN THE PROCESS OF GROUP SOCIAL WORK
Authors: Shandor Fedir
Published: June 2021

The key goals of social group work are to set a group climate that makes group members feel confident enough to share problem-solving experiences; supporting the initiative of group members, developing communication skills, awareness of self-worth; restoration of self-esteem. The purpose of the study is to update the skills of psychological protection of clients, which helps to develop them with the help of a group, to find different options for functioning, through the dialogue of the individual with the environment. The study used theoretical methods, namely analysis, abstraction, generalization, explanation and classification. Group social work is defined as a method of psychosocial work and as a form of social work when criterion is the number of objects of socio-psychological influence. In the scientific literature, social work with a group is traditionally defined as a method of social work. Clients who are included in the group process are considered as an object of social work. In fact, the development of psychological approaches, techniques, activities of such groups occurs in the framework of psychotherapy and practical psychology. The group process is built according to psychoanalysis, behaviorism, cognitive psychology, humanistic psychology and other psychological theories and directions. Clients of group social work are people with problems of social adaptation and integration, victims of adverse socialization conditions, those who have problems of psychological and emotional state as a result of life crises of different ages and social status. One of the central in the sociology of social work is the idea of creating support networks for clients, as well as the activation of the community, the development of its social capital as a means of mitigating or solving social problems.
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Varnavska Inna , Cheremisin Oleksandr
Published: June 2021

Cultural competence is an integral quality of personality, which is manifested in the general ability and willingness of man to various creative activities, socially orients higher education to independent and successful life. The aim of the article is to analyze the formation of cultural competence of higher education seekers as a dynamic process of change of the person himself, his formation as a cultural personality. Research methods applied: system-chronological, culturological, axiological, comparative, retrospective, didactic. The approaches are based on a set of methodological principles, including: dialectical, systematic, historicism, chronological, personalized. The article reveals the problem that until recently the pedagogical research did not define the exact parameters, indicators and criteria according to which it would be possible to accurately and unambiguously assess the cultural competence of applicants. This is partly due to the fact that the key competencies that characterize the cultural competence of applicants are not a separate part of the curriculum, they are integrated into its content. The difficulty of such a definition is also due to the value nature of culture and the process of its assignment by the individual. The translation of culture into the language of competencies in the educational process does not eliminate this problem. In contrast to structured subject learning, the cultural development of the individual is supra-subject in nature and is associated with the definition of values and personal positions of applicants. It is concluded that in pedagogical science there is a theoretical basis that allows meaningful and organizational development of the assessment of the process of cultural development of higher education institutions. The study proves that in the practice of higher education it is not yet possible to avoid one-sidedness and limitations in the assessment of cultural competence; certain difficulties arise in the question of its holistic representation as a result of quality education. The problem of assessing cultural competence requires a purposeful study, taking into account the specifics of the educational process of higher education institutions of different profiles, the individual characteristics of the assignment of culture to applicants and their mastery of key competencies.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE USE OF ANIMATED FILMS IN THE EDUCATION AND EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Garbar Svitlana
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of the period of preschool childhood in the upbringing and education of the child and the creation of conditions and prerequisites for the harmonious, full development. The direct contact of the child with electronic media determines the impact of information and screen culture on the education and training of preschoolers. The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of cartoons on the development of the child's personality and to identify the pedagogical conditions for the use of cartoons for the education and training of preschool children. Research methods applied: theoretical (analysis of the literature on research problems), empirical (questionnaires, interviews, pedagogical observations, creation of special diagnostic situations). Cartoons have been found to perform a great educational, cognitive, developmental and educational function. The main pedagogical conditions for the use of cartoons in the education and training of preschool children are determined. The system of thematic planning of watching cartoons for preschool children is offered, which provides for three stages of work: preparatory, screening, reflective. The expediency of using cartoons as a means of education and training of preschool children is experimentally substantiated.The above material allows us to draw the following conclusions: animation can be considered not only as entertaining, but also a developmental genre that has a clearly defined content and structure, while performing tasks in the purposeful child’s development, upbringing and education. Active use of animated products will be effective if the demonstrated situations are explained to a smaller audience. Thus, the cartoon, intended for children’s audiences, contains significant developmental potential to influence the child’s individualityy. The quality and direction of this effect depends on the cartoon products that a child «consumes».
Multi-Genre Strategies of “Walking with Pushkin” by A. Terts (A. Sinyavsky)
Authors: Bogdanova O. V. , Vlasova E. A.
Published: June 2021

Based on the material of the book “Walking with Pushkin” by Abram Terts (Andrey Sinyavsky), the goal is to determine the main narrative strategies that the writer implemented. The authors demonstrate that along with the genre definitions of “novel”, “novella”, “essay”, the narrative is mediated by the techniques of “philological prose” and scientific discourse. It is shown that markers of scientific discursively narrative SinyavskyTerts in “Walking with Pushkin” is the number of characteristic features: composite partitioning, the extension of the goals and objectives  of  the   analysis,   the   coverage of  the  history  of  the  problem,  selection   of  research  methodology,  the   definition   of the novelty of the work, the establishment of perspectives, providing structural integrity, respect of chronology in understanding material, the use of the bibliographic apparatus, etc. According to the authors, the experience of Sinyavsky, a research scientist, who defended the dissertation at MSU, working in world literature of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, who read lectures at Moscow state University and the Moscow art theatre Studio, influenced the nature of the material in  the  “Walking.” and served as canon  of  structural  research. It is established that a “free”    manner    of    presentation of scientific observations is expressive means of focusing attention on the most pressing issues  of  domestic scientists  to update the relationship of history and modernity (his understanding of own creativity, manifestation of the principle of “pure art”, the semantics  of the principle of freedom within the literature of socialist realism, etc.).
Motives of Story “Queen of Spades” by Alexan der Pushkin in Novel “Bad Weather” by Alexander Ivanov
Authors: Sukhikh O. S. , Yukhnova I. S.
Published: June 2021

The novel by A. Pushkin “The   Queen  of Spades” and the novel by A. V. Ivanov “Bad weather” from the point of view of literary relationships is examined in the article, the method of intertextual analysis is used. The aim of the study is to identify parallels   in the problematic, motivational structure and systems of images of these works. The article analyzes the relationship between the work of  A. Ivanov and  directly  with  the  text   of “The Queen of Spades”, and with the epigraph to it. The results of the research allow us to conclude that the image of bad weather as a background for the development of action connects the Pushkin story and the novel by A. V. Ivanov. It is noted that in both works the theme of the change of epochs is artistically realized, and the past is interpreted as    a time much brighter and more meaningful than the present. The studied works are also united by the plot-forming motive of playing with fate, which, in turn, is associated with the theme of passion for money. In addi tion, commonality can be noted in the nature of the characters and the principles of their representation; to a certain extent, the fates and nature of women characters of the works are similar. Comparison with Pushkin's story helps to see deep philosophical problems in A. Ivanov’s novel “Bad Weather”.
Symbols of Time in Russian Wedding Folklore of Udmurtia
Authors: Tolkacheva S. V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the system of artistic images of Russian wedding  folklore of the modern Udmurt Republic.  The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the temporal processes of the wedding ritual itself, as well as family-clan  and natural rhythms are first considered on the example of wedding folklore that exists in the territory of the modern republic. Particular attention is paid to the images of heavenly bodies, the kingdom of plants, zooand ornithomorphic   images,   the   symbolism   of sound signals. The sun  is  shown  to  be the central artistic  image  associated  with  the display of time. As a result of the analysis, it was found that  semantically,  the  images of evening dawn, morning dawn and night have significant  similarities.  The  question of the possible division of the night into two time periods is considered — a dark one, which does not correspond to a wedding situation, and a light one,  which  regulates the course of ritual time. It  is  shown  that  the image of the night is a symbol of the first conjugal intercourse. It has been established that the mention of the trumpet and the bell   in the songs emphasizes  the  sacred  status  of the wedding ceremony.  It is  noted  that  in wedding songs, the symbolism of the sound of the bell and trumpet merges with  the symbolism of the sun. It was revealed that in the description of emporal processes there may be categories of morality.
Resettlement of British and Irish Catholics to Continental Europe in 16th—18th Centuries
Authors: Apryshchenko V. Yu. , Lagoshina N. А.
Published: June 2021

The problem of large-scale migration of British and Irish Catholics to continental Europe in the 16th—18th centuries is investigated. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the religious schools of Catholics in Europe were seen as examples of pious communities, the foundations on which the emerging traditions of religious tolerance, stability and commercial prosperity were built in England. It is noted  that  this  fueled  the  arguments  of the supporters of liberal religious reforms in the UK in the 19th century. The novelty   of the study is seen in the fact that the study of the movement of Catholics to Europe makes  it  possible  to   reveal   the   degree   of influence of religious schools on British politics and public opinion, to understand how the expatriate community in exile functioned, adapted and communicated. Migration has been proven to be most intense during the Elizabethan period and early Stuart  reign,  but its impact on religious life in Britain and Ireland was felt over a longer period, until  the end of the 18th century. The authors conclude that for Catholics who remained in England, religious institutions in Europe were not only a source of supply of missionary priests and religious literature, but also a link with the continental Counter-Reformation.
French Prisoners of War in South of Soviet Russia in Spring and Summer of 1919
Authors: Bespalova K. A.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the plot about the stay of French servicemen in captivity in the south of  Russia  at  the  end  of  the  intervention  of the Entente countries (spring-summer 1919). The relevance of the study is due to the need to revise the point of view established in Russian historiography about the voluntary and massive transition of the French military to the side of the Bolsheviks. The author dwells on the circumstances of captivity and the period of detention of foreigners. Particular attention is paid to the attempt by the Bolsheviks to spread the ideas of the left movement and attract prisoners to the ranks of the Red Army. This activity was carried out through the creation of communist groups at the Foreign Collegium in Odessa. Using the example of the work of the French Communist Group employees, it was possible to identify agitation and propaganda methods of persuading the compatriots to the side of the Bolsheviks. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that for the reconstruction of the  methods of campaigning, the author involved materials from the archives of the French Ministry of Defense, which make it possible to determine the circle of agitators and concretize methods of recruiting foreigners. The author proved that there was no mass transition to the side of the Bolsheviks, the agitators managed to persuade only a few prisoners of the French and most of the servicemen remained faithful to this oath.
Bohdan Pavlu and His Activities in Russia (1915—1919)
Authors: Vasilchenko M. A. , Vaculik J.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the political activity of one of the prominent figures of the Czech and Slovak national movement Bohdan Pavlu, who played a significant role in the Civil War in Russia. The material was documents of personal origin and official documents containing information on the activities of sCzech-Slovak organizations in Russia. The author pays attention to the evolution of political views of B. Pavlu, his attitude to the tsarist government. It is shown how external circumstances influenced the support of the course of T. G. Masaryk. Particular attention is paid to the activities of B. Pavlu during the Civil War in Russia. The novelty of the research is due to the fact that for the first time the socio-political views of one of the leaders of the Czech national movement in Russia are comprehensively studied. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of consensus in Russian society on the role of foreign intervention in the events of 1917—1922. It is proved that B. Pavlu’s activities contributed to the consolidation of the Czech and Slovak national movement in Russia. It is emphasized that it was he who formulated the concept of “Czechoslovakia”, which formed the basis for the idea of creating a single state for the two peoples.
Between Innovation and Dogmatism: ‘Party Economic Functionaries’ as an Actors of Interaction between Regions and Center in Context of Transformation of Socio-Economic Sphere of USSR in 1970s — Early 1980s
Authors: Nikiforov Yu. S.
Published: June 2021

The ideas of heads of Soviet enterprises from different regions of the country concerning the socio-economic development of the USSR, expressed at a meeting in Moscow in 1983, are analyzed. The socio-psychological characteristics that were inherent in the Soviet economic leaders at the regional level, who were involved in discussing the problems of ‘improving the economic mechanism’, are studied in detail. The source base of the study includes documents from the Russian  State  Archive of Socio-Political History and the Center for Documentation of the Recent History of the Yaroslavl Region, oral history data (interviews with representatives of the regional authorities of the 1970s-1980s, which were personally conducted by the author of the article) and scientific literature. It is argued that the opinions of directors of the largest enterprises were perceived by party officials with the same level of trust as the opinions of representatives of the scientific community. It is concluded that the ideas of the party and economic activists intertwined the innovative nature of thinking with the dogmatic patterns of Soviet ideology. It is noted that the activities of the party and economic activists contributed to the formation of a kind of proto-bourgeoisie in the USSR in the 1970s-1980s. It is emphasized that the ideas of the party active on expanding the rights of enterprises and material incentives were a manifestation of latent capitalist tendencies. It is concluded that the main factor in the effective interaction of the regional ‘party economic functionaries’ with Moscow was close informal relations.
Formation of Banking in Western Transbaikalia in 19th Century: Merchant Initiatives
Authors: Plekhanova A. M. , Shirapov A. А.
Published: June 2021

An analysis of the contribution of regional merchants to the process of forming a system of credit and financial institutions in the territory of Western Transbaikalia is presented in the article. The history of both successful and unsuccessful attempts to create bank ing institutions in the region has been reconstructed on the basis of reporting and officework documentation stored in the funds of the State Archives of the Republic of Buryatia and the Irkutsk Region, the Russian State Historical Archive. It was found that the creation of the regional banking system was based not on the state, but on the private initiative; the key role in the process  was  played  by the merchants. According to the authors, in the process of organizing banks and loan offices, representatives of the merchants were guided not only by making a profit, but envisaged the use of part of the proceeds for charitable purposes. It was revealed that merchant initiatives were caused not only by the desire to expand the opportunities for entrepreneurial activity, but also by the desire to contribute to the development of the native land. It is concluded that the Transbaikal merchants played an important role in the socio-economic development of Western Transbaikalia and became the main driving force in integrating the region’s economy into the all-Russian financial system.
“Routes of Friendship”: Organization of International Tourism in Countries of Socialist Camp in 1950-1980s
Authors: Popov A. D.
Published: June 2021

The institutional foundations, organizational features, the main trends and problems of cooperation between European member states of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) in the field of international tourism in the second half of the 1950s — 1980s are described in the article. Specific examples show the formula for building bilateral cooperation in this area, as well as organizational principles and main directions of work of special annual meetings of tourist operators and government agencies in the field of tourism. Particular attention is paid to the description of the mechanisms of mutual settlements between socialist countries for the rendered mutual tourist services, including in a non-currency form. Based on the analysis  of publications of the Soviet period and archival sources, the author concluded that syncretism of economic, economic and ideological approaches was characteristic of large-scale international tourist exchange between European socialist countries, and the Soviet Union played not so much the role of a “big brother” with a decisive vote as an ideological “mentor”. It is emphasized that, despite the declaration of the systemic advantages of “socialist tourism”, in general, it was characterized by numerous organizational difficulties.
Diplomatic Service of Italian Diplomat J.-C. de Ludolf (1805–1861)
Authors: Reinhardt R. O.
Published: June 2021

The issue of periodization and  establishment of chronological frames of  the  stages of the diplomatic service of J.-C. de Ludolf, who represented the Kingdom of Naples abroad from 1805, and after its unification with the Sicilian Kingdom in 1816 and un  til the abolition  in  1861  —  the  Kingdom  of the Two Sicilies. It is shown that, despite Ludolf's many years of work in the Russian direction in various qualities, the coverage of the role and place of his figure in foreign policy processes is very fragmentary in Russian historiography. With the aim of the initial reconstruction of the key milestones in the diplomatic career of this historical person, study of foreign sources: materials from the State Archives of Naples, the memoirs of his daughter, as well as biographical works was carried out. By analyzing and systematizing the information presented in them, four periods of Ludolf's diplomatic activity are highlighted and briefly characterized. His most important achievements at each of the respective stages are outlined, while it is noted that a long stay in the service line in the Russian Empire at least had a significant impact on the professional development of a diplomat. It was revealed that St. Petersburg became the first and last point of his career path, during which he managed to work there as an attaché, plenipotentiary envoy and ambassador-at-large.
Typology of Words and Constructions with a High Degree of Meaning
Authors: Ioanesyan E. R.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the semantics of units expressing the value of intensity. The concept of the lexical function Magn of the “Meaning ↔ Text” model is used in the article. Lexical functions are a tool for describing limited lexical collocation. Magn is an abstract typical meaning of ‘very’, ‘intensity’, ‘high degree’, which is expressed in a significant number of different words, and in many cases in an idiomatic way.  Lexical units expressing the meaning of ‘very’ / ‘large’ / ‘intense’ are represented in different languages by a large number of words and constructions. The designation of intensity in many languages has lexically determined variants of expression, often linguistic specific. A brief overview of the main models of the formation of the meaning of intensity in a language, examples of linguistic-specific units are given. The novelty of the research is determined by the presentation in the work of new models of the formation of the meaning of Magn and linguistic-specific expressions of this meaning. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the study of models of the formation of the value of intensity is in line with modern research on the study of semantic evolution, the construction of a typology of semantic transitions, the identification of the features of the picture of the world of different languages, the creation of explanatory models of the language.
Everyday Life of Population of Siberian Province in Context of Peter’s I Reforms in First Quarter of 18th Century
Authors: Suslova L. N. , Yarkova I. V. , Bukanova R. G.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of the culture of everyday life of the Siberian province population in the first quarter of the 18th century, the characteristics of the development of traditional forms of material culture of Siberians, and new features of everyday life that arose under the influence of the implementation of Peter's reforms on the territory of Western Siberia. Changes in the material culture, leisure and life of the population of the Siberian province in the first quarter of the 18th century are considered, the traditions of building houses, making clothes, the level of medical care and health care, leisure activities of the population of Western Siberia in the first quarter of the 18th century are described. The study was carried out on the basis of an analysis of the complex of legislative and office-work sources of the State Archives in Tobolsk. Among them, an important place is occupied by decrees regulating the organization of medical care for the population, documents reflecting the actions of local authorities in relation to the occupation of Swedish prisoners of war in Tobolsk by distilling. The authors  of the article show that Peter's modernization processes in the field of culture, customs and everyday life had little effect on the traditions of building houses, making clothes, and everyday activities of the majority of the peasant population of the Siberian province and local non-Russian peoples. It is concluded that the main changes affecting the area of everyday culture are associated with the implementation of the military and administrative reforms of Peter I, the appearance of captured Swedes on the territory of the province, the implementation of the provincial reform,  a change in the local administration system, the emergence of medical professional personnel and health care institutions.
Lexical Aspects of Russian Bible Translations
Authors: Kazakov G. A.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the lexical aspects of Russian Bible translations of the 19th—21st centuries in comparative coverage and is a continuation of a study pre-viously conducted by reference to English Bibles. A historical overview of the existing Russian translations is given (the Synodal translation and the texts preceding it, the New Testament of Bishop Cassian, the Bible of the World Bible Translation Center, the “Central Asian translation”, the translation of Jehovah’s Witnesses, the Bible of the Inter-national Bible Society, the modern translation of the Russian Bible Society, the “Zaoksky Bible”). Special attention is paid to modern editions. Samples of texts are compared according to the lexical parameters of adaptiveness, terminologicalness, style and literalness. On the basis of this comparison, a classification of the considered translations is proposed, and their typological features and interconnections are established. The lexical nature of translations is interpreted in terms of their sociolinguistic effect (public perception). The data obtained confirms the pattern previously found in the English-language Bibles — the inverse relationship between adaptiveness on the one hand and terminologicalness, high style and literalness of the translation on the other.  In terms of lexical characteristics, the Synodal and the “Central Asian” translations differ most from each other, which is probably due to their focus on church tradition and missionary goals, respectively.
Vocabulary for Lower Back and Lumbar Pain in Russian Dialects: an Overview
Authors: Berezovich E. L. , Leontyeva M. O.
Published: June 2021

The semantic-motivational and etymological analysis of the Russian dialectal designations of lumbar and lumbar pain is presented. The material was extracted from dictionaries of Russian dialects, from unpublished card files of the Ural University toponymic expedition to the territories of the Russian North and the Upper Volga region, as well as folklore and ethnographic sources related to folk medicine. The main semantic-motivational models underlying the designation of the lower back, which can reflect the idea of the “topography” of this part of the body, correlation with adjacent bodily areas, the functions of the lower back, and pain symptoms are considered. It is noted that in the “lumbar” vocabulary the main place belongs to the names of lumbar pain, the abundance of which is determined by the nature of agricultural labor. It has been shown that several names contain an indication of the localization of pain, but in most cases the nature of the pain is conveyed — cutting, stabbing, aching, etc. The authors analyze linguistic material in combination with folklore and ethnographic: texts of conspiracies, ritual dialogues, descriptions of magical healing practices. Sign complexes are identified, within which the designations of pain symptoms are projected onto methods, means and tools of treatment. In such complexes, the principle of etymological magic can be realized, consistent with the concept of the “witchcraft” origin of pain symptoms. Motivational and etymological solutions for dark words are proposed.
Game as a Phenomenon in Kyrgyz Family Traditions
Authors: SAADANBEKOVA Cholpon
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the philosophical understanding of the concept of “game” is caused by the great interest in this phenomenon from the humanities and mathematical sciences (game theory). The subject of research is the socio-philosophical aspects of the game in the Kyrgyz family traditions. The purpose of the study is to conduct a historical and philosophical analysis of the game component within the framework of the specifics of the Kyrgyz ethnos. In the course of our research, we identified such properties of a game as non-utilitarianism, irrationality, the presence of rules, aesthetics, and the predominance of the child over the adult. We conclude that the nomadic and rhizomatic structure of Kyrgyz society played a decisive role in the sustainability of the transmission of family traditions through the game component. The author analyzed the main historical periods of the Kyrgyz ethnos and found that the game is a part of the daily activities of the Kyrgyz at all stages of the historical process and the life of individuals. The following methods were used conceptual analysis, synchronic and diachronic method, comparative-historical approach, network methodology with elements of the post-structuralist topological approach.
Features of Interaction Between the State and Civil Society in the Context of the Philosophy of Law
Authors: KAZANCHIAN Lilit
Published: June 2021

The article explores the notion and peculiarities of concept of “civil society” in the modern, legal state. In the given research the author implements holistic, systematical (methodical) analysis of peculiarities of the relationship between the state and society. Therefore, the theoretical and practical research of problems of development of relation between civil society and the state gives an opportunity to find new solutions in problems of cooperation of individual and common interests. Moreover, study is also focusing on various approaches of well-known jurists on the essence, content and legislative consolidation of the civil society.

The author comes to conclusion that in recent decades, the philosophy of law took under its active protection the civil society, where the harmonious combination of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the person should correspond to public interests. Therefore, the theoretical and practical analysis of interactions between the state and civil society gives an opportunity to find new solutions in problems occurred in modern society.

Key words: civil society, democratic legal state, fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, government, citizen, organizations, institutions, political life.
Epistemological-Methodological and Applied Aspects of Georg Brutian’s Philosophy
Authors: HOVHANNISYAN Hovhannes O.
Published: June 2021

The article presents a number of key episodes and elaborations of the philosophical legacy of the famous Armenian philosopher of the 20th-21st centuries Georg Abel Brutian, each of which is a valuable contribution to the treasury of world philosophical thought. In particular, the paper deliberates on the epistemological-methodological and applied aspects of the concept of polylogic, transformational logic as a non-classical logical value system, the principle of linguistic complementarity. The paper analyzes the main achievements of the famous thinker in the field of study of the semantic theory of knowledge, logical principles of translation art, issues of argumentation theory, methodological bases of Armenology, their methodological significance in the context of further development of science.
Reconstrucción de la trayectoria del sistema de comunicación comunitaria de la CRAC-PC durante el periodo 2012-2018
Authors:   , Barrios Salvador Marisol
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación concibe a la comunicación como objeto de problematización conceptual, específicamente la comunicación alternativa y medios de comunicación que se originaron en el marco de la acción contestataria de la Coordinadora Regional de Autoridades Comunitarias-Policía Comunitaria (CRAC-PC). Asimismo, se establecen las indagatorias sobre la relación existente entre los medios de comunicación alternativos asociados a procesos de movilización social o movimientos sociales. Lo anterior nos llevó a rastrear tres categorías analíticas fundamentales para nuestra investigación: medios de comunicación de masas, medios de comunicación comunitarios o de movimientos sociales y comunicación alternativa, a partir de la década de los setenta del siglo pasado. Identificar las causas que contribuyeron al proceso de desarticulación del Sistema de Comunicación comunitarios a través de la reconstrucción de la trayectoria de los medios de comunicación comunitarios, durante el periodo 2012-2018, dividido en tres etapas: inicio, auge, desarticulación.
A Comparative Analysis of Men and Women’s Hourly Earnings in Poland with Particular Emphasis on the Education Sector
Authors: Landmesser Joanna , Rusek Marian , Zajkowska Olga
Published: June 2021

Research background: There is the lack of a sector based analysis of wages for different genders. We present such an analysis regarding the education sector in Poland.

purpose: The study aims to compare hourly earnings for men and women in Poland, with particular emphasis on the education sector. We go beyond the simple Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition and compare earnings distributions.

Research methodology: First, we examine the hourly earnings inequalities using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition procedure. Second, we extend this procedure to different quantile points along the whole earnings distribution by the use of the residual imputation approach. The results are obtained for the whole sample (people of all professions), for a group of teaching professionals, and for university and higher education teachers.

Results: The magnitude of the gender hourly wage gap varies substantially depending on how the sample of interest is defined. It also heavily depends on the quantile of the analyzed distribution. Although the average gap in the educational sector is negative, the differences turn positive and increase with higher quantiles of distribution in favor of men. The disparity was most pronounced for university top professionals.

Novelty: Our results provide novel insights into the sectoral dimension of the income gap. We analyze inequalities over whole distribution in the educational sector and compare them with wage inequalities in enterprises employing more than 9 people.
Impact of Government Health Expenditure on Health Outcomes in the West African Sub-Region
Authors: Mustapha Rafiu Ayobanji , Onikosi-Alliyu Saidat Oluwatoyin , Babalola Abdurrouf
Published: June 2021

Research background: Health outcome such as infant mortality rate is an important measure of the standard of living. It is a part of Millennium Development Goals, which all countries of the World strive to achieve, by allocating enormous economic resources to the health sector respectively.

Purpose: The study assessed the impact of government expenditure on health and on health outcome (infant mortality rate) in the West Africa Sub-region.

Research methodology: Secondary data were collected from 2000 to 2015 on thirteen countries in the Sub-region. Owing to the fact that the nature of the data involved is macro-panel data, the study performed the pre-estimation test (such as panel unit-root test and co-integration test) to ascertain the time series properties of the series. Based on the results of the pre-estimation tests, the work employed the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS).

Results: It is found in the study that public health spending has an indirect impact on infant mortality rate in the West Africa Sub-region.

Novelty: No extant study examined the impact of public expenditure on health and on maternal mortality rate using the West Africa Sub-region as an area of coverage. This study employed a fully modified OLS (FMOLS) to assess the impact of public expenditure on health and on infant mortality rate in the West Africa Sub-region.