bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of CalliSpheres drug-eluting bead bronchial arterial infusion chemoembolization vs. bland embolization in advanced lung cancer with hemoptysis: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Liu Song , Yin Maoli , Liu Song , Xu Huichao , Yu Guangji , Liu Xianchuang , Chen Guimin , Zhang Weiwei
Published: November 2024

Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening complication in patients with advanced primary lung cancer, and effective, safe treatments are crucial. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of CalliSpheres drug-eluting bead bronchial arterial infusion chemoembolization (DEB-BACE) for managing this condition. A retrospective analysis included 144 patients with advanced primary lung cancer and massive hemoptysis treated at multiple hospitals from January 2019 to January 2023. Patients undergoing bronchial artery embolization were divided into two groups: the observation group (n=76) received CalliSpheres DEB-BACE with epirubicin, and the control group (n=68) received 8spheres blank embolization. Both groups achieved successful hemostasis, with no statistically significant difference in success rates (observation group: 88.16%, control group: 86.76%). However, the observation group had a significantly longer median duration without hemoptysis (96 days vs. 50 days). Two months post-therapy, the observation group showed higher objective response rates (82.89% vs. 38.24%) and disease control rates (92.11% vs. 66.18%) compared to the control group. Adverse reactions were manageable and similar between groups, with no serious complications observed. By January 31, 2024, the observation group had significantly longer median overall survival (11 months vs. 7 months). The DEB-BACE treatment demonstrates safety and efficacy in managing massive hemoptysis in patients with advanced lung cancer. However, the superiority of this approach over bland embolization remains to be established through well-designed prospective studies. Future research is anticipated to provide a definitive comparison and further validate the role of DEB-BACE in clinical practice
Analysis of the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Paweł Rajewski , Małgorzata Pawłowska , Justyna Kwiatkowska , Alena Fadzina-Abukhouska , Anna Nowicka-Matuszewska , Dorota Kozielewicz , Dorota Dybowska , Anita Olczak , Jakub Cieściński
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common and important cause of morbidity, hospitalisation, and mortality in Poland and worldwide. Hence, in recent years there has been a strong emphasis on preventive cardiology, aimed at early identification and prevention of cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle changes. The main classical risk factors include lipid disorders, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and smoking. A new non-classical risk factor is HCV infection. The study group consisted of 320 patients with a mean age of 43 years, diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C. In the study group, ischaemic heart disease was diagnosed in 4 patients, representing 1.25%. Six people had a history of ischaemic stroke, representing 1.87% of the study group. Among the subjects, the most common cardiovascular risk factor was hyperlipidaemia (28%); there was no correlation with the severity of liver fibrosis for total cholesterol, LDL fraction, or TG, but more advanced liver fibrosis was observed in patients with low HDL fraction cholesterol values. Hypertension was present in 25% of patients and occurred in patients with more advanced liver fibrosis and steatosis. Diabetes was found in 11,56% of patients, also the mean fasting glucose level was elevated and was associated with more advanced liver fibrosis. The majority of patients were overweight and 32% were diagnosed as obese. The mean CRP value was 1.73 which may indicate moderate -cardiovascular risk. The results obtained may contribute to the awareness of physicians and the attempt to create recommendations for comprehensive - interdisciplinary care of patients chronically infected with HCV, concerning the need for systematic periodic examinations to assess individual cardiovascular risk factors, with the aim of prevention and early prevention of cardiovascular events.
Redesigning Social Groups. Understanding the Young-Elder Divide
Authors: Martino Valeria
Published: November 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine the explanatory power of the concept of “generational social group”. With this aim, we will analyze the three main meanings of “generation”, namely cohort, kinship, and social group. Among them, the social group meaning appears to be the most promising one, as it enables us to understand group behavior and its normative implications. However, some clarifications are necessary. Firstly, the conventional understanding of social groups within social ontology needs to be supplemented with a sociological analysis that recognizes them as peer groups. This entails considering shared characteristics, social interaction, and the sharing of values, which contribute to the recognition of belonging within the group by both insiders and outsiders. Secondly, in literature, the concept of generation inherently implies the existence of generational conflicts. However, these conflicts can be mitigated and reconceptualized within the framework of the advantaged-disadvantaged dichotomy, which is, to some extent, independent of age.
Portal Project as a Study of Digital Sculpture in the Public Space in the 21st Century
Authors: Ayata Levent , Demircan Özlem
Published: November 2024

This article examines the effects of digital technologies on art in the 21st century and the transformation of art in the public sphere. After the Internet revolution, significant progress has been made in areas such as artificial intelligence, big data, the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and biotechnology. These technologies have also created significant transformations in art disciplines, offering artists new forms of expression such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and interactive installations. Today, one of the main goals of public art practices, which also use these new forms of expression, is to convey social, cultural, and political messages by reaching large segments of society. Digital art, on the other hand, transforms these practices, offering viewers more interactive, participatory, and innovative experiences. The article discusses how digitalization transforms the social context of art through the discussions of Jürgen Habermas, Hannah Arendt, Henri Lefebvre, and Michel Foucault on the concept of public space. What these theorists have in common is that they emphasize that the public sphere is a central concept for understanding and transforming society's political, social, and cultural structure. While Habermas sees the public sphere as the ground for democratic debates, Arendt considers this space an arena based on the visible actions of individuals. While Lefebvre argues that the public sphere is constantly reproduced by social relations and power dynamics, Foucault, on the other hand, draws attention to how the relations of power and surveillance shape this field. With the approaches of these theorists, it has been tried to associate the redefinition of the public sphere through digitalization and the transformative role of art in this process.
In addition, Benediktas Gylys' Portal Project, a public artwork discussed in the axis of all these discussions, aims to strengthen cultural and social ties by combining digital sculpture and relational aesthetics. While the project aims to increase the interaction of different cultures through live video connections between cities, it also raises important ethical questions about surveillance and privacy. In addition, it has been examined that the new forms of expression and interaction methods offered by digital technologies make public spaces more dynamic and democratic and strengthen the role of art in social interactions.
Protocol for evaluating the outcome of nurse-led education on coping skills and quality of life among diabetes patients in Kaduna State, Nigeria v1
Authors: Babangida Ali , O Otutu Michael , U Nwose Ezekiel
Published: November 2024

The available empirical data on awareness and management of diabetes indicate health seeking behaviour lower than the level of good knowledge. Whether nurse-led education on coping strategies for people living with diabetes could yield better quality of life has yet to be investigated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcome of nurse-led education on coping skills and quality of life among diabetes patients compared to usual care. The significance of the study is to generate empirical evidence that could potentially motivate health seeking behaviour among patients, or review of service provision by healthcare professionals and providers.
Tiger Tiger, Burning Bright: A Legal Perspective On The Plight of the Malayan Tiger
Authors: Ramalingam Sheila
Published: November 2024

Today, the Malayan tiger faces an urgent and distressing situation. As of August 2023, there are fewer than 150 of these magnificent animals left in their natural habitat. Despite having in place laws, policies, action plans and various other efforts, the Malayan tiger population continues to show no signs of improvement. Using a qualitative method of an analysis of the relevant literature, this article seeks to analyse the conservation efforts made in Malaysia for the Malayan tiger, primarily from a legal perspective. In order to determine whether these conservation efforts are effective, a few references will be made to the legal regime currently in place in India and southern Africa, which has seen successful conservation numbers of the Bengal tiger and the African elephant, respectively. The findings show that Malaysia severely lacks a comprehensive and holistic legal framework that is catered specifically to the protection of the country’s most endangered animal.
Analisis Gender: Menyingkap Kecenderungan Ahli Parlimen dalam Menyuarakan Isu Rakyat
Authors: Abdullah Rozana
Published: November 2024

Gender dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai satu konstruksi sosial yang membezakan peranan, perwatakan serta perlakuan antara lelaki dengan wanita. Kesaksamaan hak mengikut konteks perundangan antara lelaki dan wanita diperuntukkan dengan jelas dalam Perkara 8, Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Setiap Ahli Parlimen menggalas tanggungjawab yang sama untuk menyuarakan hak dan kebajikan rakyat di kedua-dua Majlis Mesyuarat Parlimen. Institusi Parlimen adalah landasan terbaik bagi Ahli Parlimen untuk membincangkan permasalahan rakyat serta hala tuju negara pada masa kini dan hadapan. Selain diwakili oleh 189 (85.1 peratus) Ahli Parlimen lelaki, Parlimen Keempat Belas turut ditunjangi oleh seramai 33 (14.9 peratus) Ahli Parlimen wanita. Statistik ini jelas menunjukkan representasi wanita dalam parlimen pada masa ini, masih jauh untuk mencapai tahap 30 peratus. Oleh itu, kajian ini menganalisis soalan-soalan yang dikemukakan oleh Ahli Parlimen kepada Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat di Dewan Negara dan Dewan Rakyat untuk mengenal pasti kecenderungan Ahli Parlimen dalam mengutarakan isu rakyat. Data berkaitan kecenderungan Ahli Parlimen mengikut gender diperolehi melalui analisis yang dilakukan ke atas soalan lisan dan bertulis yang dikemukakan oleh Ahli Parlimen kepada Dewan Negara dan Dewan Rakyat dalam Mesyuarat Pertama dan Kedua Penggal Keempat, Parlimen Keempat Belas pada tahun 2021 sahaja. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjentik minda pembuat keputusan untuk menggubal dasar yang lebih bersifat gender responsif, dan wanita diberi ruang untuk menyumbang secara holistik dalam pembangunan negara. Dapat disimpulkan bahawa kerusi Parlimen perlu diisi oleh lebih ramai wanita supaya isu rakyat dibangkitkan secara inklusif di dalam Majlis Mesyuarat Parlimen dan menjadi sebahagian daripada dasar dan pelan pembangunan negara.
The Perfection of the Chinese-style System of the Right to Silence
Authors: Ye Meng
Published: November 2024

For nearly half a century, China’s criminal procedure law has been developing in the direction of human rights protection, but it still has not established a perfect human rights judicial protection system. On the occasion of the fourth revision of the Criminal Procedure Law, it is proposed to establish a human rights protection system with the right to silence as the focus. The reason for this is that the premise of the right to silence is the principle of presumption of innocence, the right to silence is expressed the privilege against self-incrimination in the law of criminal procedure, the right to silence requires the cooperation of the right to defend by a lawyer, and the legal consequence of violating the right to silence is to exclude illegal access to evidence, and these systems in China’s Criminal Procedure Law are not perfect. Therefore, the construction of a Chinese-style right to silence is conducive to improving the human rights protection system in China’s Criminal Procedure Law. The Chinese-style right to silence system should add the principle of presumption of innocence, abolish the existing “truthful answers”, improve the right of lawyers to defend, introduce the right of lawyers to be present, and improve the rules for the exclusion of illegal evidence. It is necessary to use comparative methods to introduce mature experience from other countries to eliminate contradictions in the criminal justice system, and to find and improve the deficiencies in judicial practice, so as to achieve the goal of protecting human rights.
Establishment of Data Intellectual Property Rights and Anti-Monopoly Regulation in China
Authors: Han Xiao , Althabhawi Nabeel Mahdi
Published: November 2024

Data drives innovation, expands markets, and improves efficiency, enabling companies to better meet market demands. In the AI market, data has even become a significant barrier to market entry. Currently, data laws primarily focus on personal information protection and data security in China. Despite recognizing the value of data, current legislation lacks definitions and protections for data rights, leading to data misuse and monopolistic practices, highlighting the urgent need for specialized intellectual property protection and regulatory legislation. Through doctrinal research and comparative analysis, this study evaluates the characteristics of data, existing legal frameworks, and relevant cases, comparing them with the European Union’s data legal framework. The aim is to clarify the concept of data IP, fill the legislative void in data IP protection and antitrust regulation, and propose recommendations to enhance digital IP protection and anti-monopoly regulation. Recognizing data as IP is the best approach to accommodate its public and proprietary nature, effectively protecting data innovation. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a comprehensive and forward- looking legal framework to protect data as IP and prevent data monopolies.
FOREIGN POLICY OF TURKEY REGARDING THE COUNTRIES OF THE BALKAN REGION IN THE POST-DAVUTOĞLU ERA (2016–2020)
Authors:   The State Institution «Institute of World History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Motsiiaka Olha
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of Turkey’s political influence on the countries of the Balkan region in the period 2016–2020. The internal prerequisites and reasons for the change in Ankara’s geopolitical tactics and the place of the Balkans in it are revealed. It is emphasized which countries of the region played a primary role for Turkey, and which were in the background. The author examines the formats and mechanisms of interaction between Turkey and the Balkans (both new and improved), shows changes in the nature of Turkey’s foreign policy through the prism of internal reasons in the country itself. The author comes to the conclusion that, in contrast to the previous years of the Justice and Development Party, the period 2016–2020 is characterized by specificity, which, in particular, is due to the departure from the political activity of A. Davutoğlu, the maximum concentration of political power in the hands of the current president of Turkey («еrdoğanism»), the dominance of pragmatism, economic expediency in international relations. At the same time, the attempts in Ankara’s European integration progress through the Balkan region were reduced to a minimum, although Turkish politicians never stated this directly. Relations with the Balkan region were also affected by the failed coup of 2016, after which R.T. Erdoğan began searching for possible accomplices of his political opponent F. Gülen all over the world, including the Balkans. The article reveals in detail the peculiarity of Turkey’s relations with the countries of the Balkan region precisely through the prism of their attitude to the political opposition of R.T. Erdoğan. The article highlights numerous personal relationships of R.T. Erdoğan with the heads of the Balkan states, which became a new and extremely important feature of this period. We are primarily talking about Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić, Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama, Kosovo President Hashim Thaci and Bosnian Muslim Presidium member Bakir Izetbegović. In Erdoğan’s foreign policy during 2016–2020, the Balkans, as before, occupied a prominent place.
GREAT BRITAIN MEDITERRANEAN AXIS: STAGES OF FORMATION AND ROLE IN THE COLONIAL SYSTEM
Authors:   K.D. Ushinsky South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University, Odesa, Ukraine, Kovalskyi Stanislav
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the paper is a comprehensive analysis of Great Britain’s colonial policy in the Mediterranean. The stages of the Mediterranean axis formation were studied also. The author shows Great Britain’s Mediterranean policy background from its origins to the mid-twentieth century. Focused on the integration of Gibraltar, Malta, Cyprus and the Suez Canal into the British colonial system. The historical context of these territories’ entry into a single geopolitical structure that guaranteed Britain the security of routes from the metropolis to India was reflected in the paper. The strategic value of these Mediterranean axis elements was analyzed and the impact on the world system of colonialism as a single geostrategic complex was proved. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author for the first time studied the Mediterranean policy of Great Britain as a purposeful action aimed at forming a single complex that provided infrastructure for transit routes between Europe and Asia. The article provides the author’s interpretation of the phenomenon of the Mediterranean axis and its development timeline. The author concludes that the Mediterranean axis played an important role in the colonial policy of Great Britain and forced it to make efforts to preserve this structure. There are several stages of the Mediterranean axis`s evolutionary path associated with a particular period of the British Empire`s history. The initial stage was marked by the understanding of the Mediterranean Sea’s importance in terms of its strategic and economic interests. This was manifested in Britain’s participation in the European wars of the 17th and early 18th centuries. The key event of this stage was the conquest and retention of Gibraltar. In the subsequent period, the United Kingdom actively built an ‘axis’ that included different territories in the Mediterranean Sea from Gibraltar to the Suez Canal. From the 1870s to 1945, Great Britain actively exploited this route, expanding and improving its infrastructure. Between 1945 and 1960, the Mediterranean axis collapsed amid the general process of decolonization. At the present stage, we can observe the relic state of the former route, where Great Britain uses only Gibraltar and two Cyprus naval bases for its strategic purposes. The subject of the Mediterranean axis has perspectives for further research, as it allows for a comprehensive analysis of the problems of international relations in the Mediterranean region and Great Britain’s colonial policy.
Deep Slip Rates Along the Fault Zones of the 1927 M 8 Gulang Earthquake Estimated from Repeating Microearthquakes
Authors: Li Le , Niu Fenglin , Chen Qi-Fu , Wang Jianjun
Published: November 2024

The 23 May 1927 M 8 Gulang earthquake is the largest historical earthquake along the Hexi Corridor at the northeastern edge of the Tibetan plateau. Because of few records and limited investigations, the seismogenic faults of this event and their regional deformation at depth remain unclear. The observations of repeating microearthquakes allow improved understanding of the variation in slip behavior and seismic potential around the seismogenic faults. We investigated deep slip rates along the fault zones where the devastating 1927 M 8 Gulang earthquake occurred with repeating earthquake sequences. We used waveform data recorded by three digital seismic networks from 2001 to 2019 and the second phase of the CHINArray deployment between February 2013 to March 2016. Because of the sparsity of the network in the study area, we employed an empirical method to constrain the relative distance between event pairs using S−P differential times measured at subsample precision. We identified a total of 14 sequences of repeating earthquakes and estimated fault-slip rates at seismogenic depths based on their sizes and recurrence intervals. The slip rates estimated at various parts of the fault zones vary from 0.6 to 7.5 mm/yr in the depth range of 4–15 km along the Huangcheng–Shuangta fault (HSF), ∼3.8 mm/yr at ∼10 km deep along the southern Wuwei basin fault, ∼0.4 mm/yr at a depth of ∼11 km along the Tianqiaogou–Huangyangchuan fault. The highest slip rate of 7.5 mm/yr was observed at the junction between the east end of HSF and the Wuwei–Tianzhu fault. Our results have significant implications to the understanding of the regional tectonic deformation as well as seismic risk assessment.
«РЕЛИГИОЗНО-ФИЛОСОФСКАЯ МЫСЛЬ ЧЕХОВА» В ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ 1990-х−2000-х гг.
Authors:   Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, А. Ю. Денисов
Published: November 2024

В статье анализируются работы 1990-х−2000-х гг., заявленные как исследования «религиозно-философской мысли Антона Павловича Чехова». Выявляются методологические недостатки этих работ, главный из которых — неразличение категорий «образ автора» и «автор-творец» (по Н. Д. Тамарченко), приводящее к ложному отождествлению идей в художественных произведениях Чехова и мировоззрения самого писателя. Анализ поэтики чеховских рассказов, повестей и пьес неправомерно и нелогично оказывается в приводимых исследованиях способом уточнения отношения А. П. Чехова к философии и религии. Кроме того, в указанных исследованиях нередко игнорируется или недостаточно обсуждается вопрос о принципиальной (не)возможности влияния той или иной философской системы на А. П. Чехова с учетом фактов его биографии, круга его чтения, содержания его пере-писки. Методологически корректное же исследование данной темы сталкивается с ограниченностью материала. Однако тема остается актуальной для чеховедов.
ОБРАЗ ЧЕЛОВЕКА НОВОГО ВРЕМЕНИ В МЕЩАНСКОЙ СРЕДЕ ГУБЕРНСКОГО ГОРОДА N: ПРОТОТИПЫ ГЕРОЯ ОЧЕРКА Н. Д. ХВОЩИНСКОЙ «У ФОТОГРАФА» (1879)
Authors:   Рязанский историко-архитектурный музей-заповедник, Н. Е. Куликова
Published: November 2024

В статье исследуется очерк «У фотографа» из цикла «Альбом. Группы и портреты» (1879) писательницы 2-й половины XIX в. Н. Д. Хвощинской, в котором представ-лен собирательный образ «дельца» в качестве одного из типичных представителей губернского мещанства. На основе исторических архивных документов делаются предположения относительно его прототипов, отмечается сходство образов произведений Н. Д. Хвощинской и А. И. Куприна. Материалы научных конференций и специальная литература помогают автору определить возможные исходные локации описаний жизни провинциального города N. Исследователь анализирует актуальные для прозы Н. Д. Хвощинской 70-х гг. XIX в. темы исчезновения идеалов и падения нравов, обесценивания женственности, описывает формирующую образы героев дворянско-мещанскую культуру губернской Рязани, выявляет архитектонику творческого метода автора.
ИМЕНОВАНИЕ ЛИРИЧЕСКОГО ГЕРОЯ В ПОЭЗИИ Н. ТУРОВЕРОВА
Authors:   -, К. Г. Иванов
Published: November 2024

Идиостиль Н. Туроверова воплощает особенности менталитета донского казачества. Мироощущение лирического героя чаще всего совпадает с мировосприятием автора в стихотворениях. Поэт не принимает обозначение прощания с Россией как эмиграции, вкладывая в эту лексему отрицательные коннотации. Творческая индивидуальность поэта-казака, поэта-воина определила именование лирического героя: скиталец, пилигрим, казак, поэт, певец. Его герой нашел свой истинный путь пилигрима, возвращающегося к родным станицам, и это путь поэтический. Данный подход и обозначил особенности воплощения мотива прощания с Россией — прощание с вечной надеждой на возвращение. Именование лирического героя Н. Туроверова сформировалось под воздействием классической традиции, казачьего и эмигрантского контекстов. Эти художественные векторы и определили взаимодействие и оппозиция различных семантических единиц, обозначающих название лирического героя.
Pulpitis tendency in teeth with vital pulp restored with composite resins: a cross-sectional retrospective study
Authors: Aqili Tariq M. , Hakeem Muhannad M. , Almahmadi Daren S. , Alahmadi Reem B. , Alsani Abdulrhman A. , Binmahmoud Suhail M. , Alotaibi Waad K. , Mirah Mahir
Published: November 2024

Background: This study evaluates pulpitis tendency in vital teeth restored with composite resin after at least one year, focusing on the effect of cavity depth and the use of a base material on pulp status.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 212 patients with one tooth restored by dental senior students. At the follow-up, periapical and bitewing radiographs, cold tests, percussion, and palpation were performed. Cavity depth was measured from bitewing radiographs, and the periapical index (PAI) was recorded. The restored teeth were compared with contralateral sound teeth to assess the impact of the resin on pulp tissue.
Results: Composite resin restorations significantly affected pulp status compared to intact teeth (p=0.002). Five out of 212 teeth became necrotic, and four developed symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). Four necrotic cases occurred in cavities deeper than 3.60 mm, and all SIP cases were associated with cavities deeper than 3.10 mm. Cavity depth was a significant predictor of adverse pulpal outcomes. However, using calcium hydroxide as a base did not significantly affect pulp health.
Conclusions: The study concludes that composite resin restorations, mainly in deep cavities, can negatively impact pulp vitality. Cavity depth is a key factor in the risk of pulp necrosis and SIP, while calcium hydroxide base did not reduce pulpitis incidence. Larger studies with longer follow-up periods are recommended to confirm these findings and explore potential protective factors.
Población y economía en la Puna de Jujuy (Argentina) en la transición entre la Colonia y la República. Análisis histórico y arqueológico de un hallazgo singular
Authors: Gil Montero Raquel , Giusta Marcos N. , Angiorama Carlos
Published: November 2024

Este artículo propone analizar componentes específicos de la economía doméstica de la población de la Puna de Jujuy en tiempos de guerra (1810-1838), relacionados con un hallazgo arqueológico singular. Se trata de un paquete escondido que contenía monedas de plata de diferente denominación y año de acuñación, botones de cobre y pepitas de oro. Sobre la base del análisis arqueológico del hallazgo, y apelando a diversas fuentes escritas (registros parroquiales, padrones, ingresos de las cajas reales, expedientes judiciales), reconstruimos aspectos de la circulación de plata amonedada en la región, las posibilidades que tenían sus habitantes para obtener ese dinero, y los bienes y obligaciones en los que las monedas eran el único medio de pago posible.
Hecho de la víctima como eximente de responsabilidad civil extracontractual
Authors: Córdova Vacas Emilio José , Proaño Vélez María Emilia
Published: November 2024

En la búsqueda para la aplicación de la responsabilidad civil extracontractual uno de los elementos clave a analizar es la causalidad. Sin embargo, este requisito se dificulta ante la presencia de eximentes de responsabilidad. El presente trabajo pretende exponer las razones tanto fácticas como jurídicas por las que el hecho de la víctima, como eximente, no es eficiente. Se manifestará, entre otras razones, que el mismo incumple la función de distribución de infortunios, es inaplicable de acuerdo a las tesis de causalidad y  desconoce la presunción del principio de buena fe. Además, se identifica una figura jurídica que puede sustituir su función. Para sustentar esta premisa se condensan importantes aportes doctrinarios, así como referencias a casuísticas ecuatorianas y nociones generales del derecho. Se concluye que no se contraviene, con la presente postura, a lo dispuesto en el ordenamiento ecuatoriano.
Standardisation and Antimicrobial Activity of Hedychium spicatum (Shati)
Authors: Patil Aappa Sakharam , Upadhye Vijay Jagdish
Published: November 2024

Background: Hedychium spicatum Buch. Ham. (Zingiberaceae), also known as the spiked ginger lily, is a versatile herbal medicine used in traditional systems of medicine for its therapeutic properties. It has been used as an analgesic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antispasmodic, Central Nerves System (CNS) depressant and for cytotoxic activities, fevers, pediculicidal and respiratory disorders. Aim: To standardise and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of H. spicatum (Shati). Method: A study was conducted to standardise the anti-microbial activity of H. spicatum (Shati). An extract was prepared using hydroalcoholic and organoleptic methods and physico-chemical analyses were performed. Results: It was discovered that High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) was more flexible than traditional Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) methods. The hydroalcoholic extracts inhibited good antimicrobial activity against all tested fungi and bacteria. The study concludes that the standardisation and potential antimicrobial activity of H. spicatum extracts against tested bacteria and fungi have been evaluated. Conclusion: Further investigation is needed to explore polyherbal formulations for infectious skin disorders.
Harnessing Herbal Ingredients in Hair Cosmetics: A Natural Approach to Hair Care
Authors: Sen Himeswar , Nainwal Nidhi , Sautha Vanshika , Bachta Pallavi , Bhatt Anjali , Negi Teena , Pandey Saurav , Jakhmola Vikash
Published: November 2024

Hair plays a crucial role in the human body and it is imperative to uphold a healthy scalp. Various factors, including hormonal influences, age, gender, pollution, and food habits impact the hair. Herbal ingredients such as amla, hibiscus, brahmi, neem, saw palmetto etc are widely used to treat hair disorders such as premature hair loss, dandruff, and canities. Herbal ingredients may be used in hair shampoos, oils, tonics, serums, gels, conditioners etc. This article offers a detailed examination of the utilisation of natural components in hair care products, emphasising their importance and advantages in supporting scalp health, encouraging hair growth, and improving overall hair condition. It also reviews the sensory aspect and potential aromatherapy of herbal hair treatments. The article addresses the challenges and considerations related to herbal formulations, such as individual sensitivities, shelf life, and the need for transparency in labelling.
Errata Title: Administration of Garlic Essential Oil Restored the Altered Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic Parameters and Pulmonary Histoarchitecture in Mice Subjected to Lead Nitrate
Authors: Gupta Surabhi , Sharma Veena
Published: November 2024

The focus of the current research work was to unfold the therapeutic potential of Garlic Essential Oil (GEO) in altered oxidative stress, biochemical parameters and histoarchitecture of pulmonary tissue of mice intoxicated with the inorganic salt of Lead. Thirty six (36) mice were used in the experiment, and they were divided into 6 groups, with 6 mice in each group. The experimental groups were as: control/untreated, Lead Nitrate (LN), LN + low dose of GEO, LN + high dose of GEO, LN with standard drug (silymarin) and LN with vehicle olive oil. The total duration of the experimental study was of 30 days. The outcome of the study showed downstream levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and TPC and upstream levels of LPO, total level of cholesterol, LDH, ADH and GGT. Toxicant exposure also de-structured the pulmonary tissue and on the other side both low and high doses of GEO, standard compound silymarin and vehicle olive oil improved the altered enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters and re-structured the distorted pulmonary tissue to a greater extent. Thus, it is concluded that GEO plays a vital role in imparting protection to lung tissue from lead poisoning.
Promoter Ownership and Leverage: An Empirical Evidence of Agency Problem in Select FMCG Companies
Authors: Mistri Pinky
Published: November 2024

The study examines the association between promoter ownership and leverage of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies listed at BSE in the ‘A’ category. The FMCG Industry is a vital sector for the Indian economy. Leverage decision is a critical financial decision. In the year, 2020 the revenue of the FMCG market was USD 110 billion. The study tries to investigate the impact of promoter shareholding on the leverage decision of Indian FMCG companies. The study is conducted on a sample of 46 companies and the study period ranges from 2017-2022 for 5 years. The study conducted A panel data model is opted for data analysis. The study also conducted a diagnostic test to further check the reliability of the data. The study indicated a significant positive association between ownership structure and leverage. Due to the existence of agency problems, the leverage decisions deviate from neoclassical models. The study’s finding adds to the extant literature on promoter ownership. The positive relationship indicated the existence of an agency problem. Firm executives should try to reduce Agency problems to enhance firm performance.
Global Trends in the Job Performance: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kohli Pooja , Kohli Kamlesh , Sharma V. C.
Published: November 2024

The study aims to provide a clear picture of the current dynamics and research heterogeneity in the field of Job Performance (JP). Using bibliometric analysis, this study offers a critical examination of job performance in the literature. The objective of the study is to identify the most prominent JP trends in research papers based on publication dates, prolific authors, journals, citations, keywords, and affiliated nations, as well as to analyse the network of keyword occurrences and co-authorship within nations. This review was conducted using the Scopus database and is based on 1,600 research articles published between 2012 and 2022. The significance of the research is assessed by examining the top nations, institutions, authors, and the most frequently cited papers by year. Using the bibliographic coupling feature of VOS viewer software, analysed keyword occurrences, co-authorship networks, and international co-authorship networks. Major findings indicate that 2022 had the highest number of published articles on JP. The most cited paper is “The Impacts of Perceived Organisational Support and Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance: The Mediating Effects of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour.” The author, Bakker, A.B., from Erasmus University Rotterdam, is the most frequently cited in JP research, and the university is also the most productive in this area. The Journal of Applied Ergonomics, an Elsevier publication, has published the most articles on JP. This research will serve as a valuable guide for academics interested in JP, helping them identify which antecedents of JP have been less explored and where future opportunities may lie.
Assessment of Relationship between HR Practices and Employee Empowerment Among Differently-Abled Employees in Services Sector in Coimbatore District
Authors: Jayagowri N. , Arthi J.
Published: November 2024

India has made significant strides in recognizing and addressing the rights and needs of differently-abled individuals. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, of 2016 replaced the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, of 1995, broadening the scope and coverage. However, there exists a social stigma about the capabilities of the differently abled employees, while, on the other hand, such employees face several challenges in terms of infrastructure and accessibility, limited skill development opportunities and less employer awareness towards suitable work environments for differently-abled employees. Based on this premise, there arises a need to study how empowered are the differently abled employees working in various sectors. In any organization, HR practices determine the effectiveness of people management. An analysis of the HR Practices that actively engage differently-abled employees may be looked at as an indicator to understand the empowerment status of such employees. The objective of this article is to explore the association between HR Practices and Employee empowerment among the differently abled employees working in the services sector in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. To assess the relationship between these two criteria; the “canonical correlation” tool is applied. The result illustrates the correlation between HR practices and Employee Empowerment. There exists a strongly significant correlation between HR Practices and Employee Empowerment. The derived result portrays the direct relationship between HR Practices and the Empowerment of differently abled employees, with the Grievance Redressal Mechanism as a key indicator. Therefore, it may be vividly expressed that every organization must tailor its HR Practices to make the differently abled employees feel more empowered. It may be comprehensively stated that the stakeholders ought to collaborate and build a positive environment to create a more inclusive and equitable future for all, to achieve organizational success. The study has suggested significant measures like compatible software, mental wellness, skill-specific Training and exclusive PwD cells that could be implemented in the organizations for the increased performance and empowerment of differently-abled employees.
On Lorenz-type attractors in a six-dimensional generalization of the Lorenz model
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Sukharev Dmitry , Koryakin Vladislav ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Kazakov Aleksej ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: November 2024

The topic of the paper — Lorenz-type attractors in multidimensional systems. We consider a six-dimensional model that describes convection in a layer of liquid, taking into account impurities in the atmosphere and liquid, as well as the rotation of the Earth. The main purpose of the work is to study bifurcations in the corresponding system and describe scenarios for the emergence of chaotic attractors of various types. Results. It is shown that in the system under consideration, both a classical Lorenz attractor (the theory of which was developed in the works of Afraimovich–Bykov–Shilnikov) and an attractor of a new type, visually similar to the Lorenz attractor, but containing a symmetric pair of equilibrium states, can arise. It has been established that the Lorenz attractor in this system is born as a result of the classical scenario proposed by L. P. Shilnikov. We propose a new scenario for the emergence of an attractor of the second type via bifurcations inside the Lorenz attractor. In the paper we also discuss homoclinic and heteroclinic bifurcations that inevitably arise inside the found attractors, as well as their possible pseudohyperbolicity.
Cost Analysis of Fuzzy Discrete (s, S) Queueing Inventory System with Positive Lead Time and Optimization using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jain Mridula , Kumar Indeewar
Published: November 2024

In this article, a queueing inventory model with discrete time (DQIM) FGEOM/FGEOM/1 with (s, S) replenishment policy incorporating fuzzy numbers as input parameters is considered. The system has a fuzzy pentagonal number arrival rate according to a Bernoulli process and a fuzzy pentagonal number service rate that follows a geometric distribution. Here, S represents the highest level of stock where the process of replenishment is stopped, and s represents the lowest level of stock at which replenishment is started again. Using matrix geometric method, the steady-state solution is obtained followed by derivation of various fuzzy performance measures. Further, the total cost function is defined as a two-variable function of the minimum and maximum stock level. Genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the total cost. Various examples are presented to highlight the dependence of cost on input parameters. The use of PFN in DQIS and genetic algorithm in the optimization of DQIS is introduced in this paper for the first time.
 JEL Codes: C44, C61, C62, D11, D12, L89
Received: 17/07/2024.  Accepted: 29/09/2024.  Published: 04/10/24.
Intención emprendedora en estudiantes Universitarios en Colombia: Un estudio bibliométrico
Authors: Paéz Leonardo , Suarez-Gomez Danna , Hernández-Moreno Laura , Blanco-Mesa Fabio
Published: November 2024

La intención emprendedora en Colombia es un fenómeno prometedor que requiere de un enfoque íntegro que combine escenarios de educación, transferencia de conocimiento, apoyo institucional y creación de entornos propicios para el desarrollo de nuevos negocios. El objetivo del presente estudio es desarrollar un análisis bibliométrico de las investigaciones sobre la intención emprendedora en jóvenes universitarios en Colombia. La metodología considera tres (3) bases de datos: Web of Science, Scopus y Redalyc, para obtener los datos relacionados con la intención emprendedora mediante ecuaciones de búsqueda utilizando operadores boléanos. Los resultados del mapeo bibliométrico se visualizan usando VOSviewer, destacando los análisis de coocurrencia, citaciones, autores y publicaciones. Los resultados determinan que las investigaciones tienen un mayor crecimiento en el último lustro, que los enfoques con mayor estudio se enmarcan en emprendimiento, educación, actitudes y motivaciones. Además, se identifican tres escenarios de análisis en común acuerdo de los autores consultados, tales como el comportamiento de la persona, la capacidad de actuar y el ambiente universitario. Finalmente, se aborda una mirada holística de la producción bibliográfica sobre la intención emprendedora, lo que conduce a que se generen bases de trabajo a futuro sobre un tema de interés que puede ser usado para investigaciones futuras.
Códigos JEL: I23, L26, M10
Recibido: 28/08/2024. Aceptado: 06/09/2024. Publicado: 15/09/2024.
TRA ALTERITÀ E IDENTITÀ: UN DIALOGO TRA ANNA FRANCHI E ADA NEGRI
Authors: Habrle Tanja
Published: November 2024

Il contributo si presenta come risultato della lettura di una intervista della giornalista e scrittrice Anna Franchi all’autrice Ada Negri, pubblicata nel Primo Novecento nella rivista mensile illustrata «Varietas». La relazione si propone di discutere e mettere in luce, attraverso le voci delle due autrici, alcuni aspetti della relazione speculare e dualistica tra identità e alterità della donna scrittrice. Il dialogo, come sostiene Adriana Cavarero in Tu che mi guardi, tu che mi racconti (1997), si concettualizza e si realizza in uno scambio e in un riconoscimento reciproco come condizioni per la costruzione dell’identità. Si riportano alcuni frammenti delle loro vite, degli scritti, nonché i motivi che, principalmente, spronarono le due scrittrici alla creazione letteraria e al desiderio di raccontarsi.
Prevalence and Distribution of Thalassemia Trait Screening
Authors: Husna Nailil , Sanka Imanuel , Al Arif Ahmad , Putri Chintya , Leonard Elory , Handayani Niken Satuti Nur
Published: November 2024

Thalassemia is an inherited disorder of autosomal recessive gene caused by decrease or absent production of one or two type of globin chain. This disorder will affect the quality and quantity of blood production. In Indonesia, thalassemia is not concerned as urgency, although it lies in thalassemia belt area. Thalassemia is classified according to the particular globin chain which affected such as α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia. Besides thalassemia, there are variant hemoglobinopathy called HbE. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of thalassemia carriers among the volunteer of screening in province DI Yogyakarta from 2012 until 2015. The thalassemia carrier screening was conducted by collaborating with Indonesian Association of Parents of Children with Thalassemia (POPTI) Yogyakarta. The hematological measurement and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were performed on Prodia Laboratory Yogyakarta. The analysis of carriers prevalence was conducted in Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. From 241 volunteers, we found 44 volunteers was diagnosed as β-thalassemia carrier, 30 volunteers as α-thalassemia carrier as well as HbE disorder carrier, and 1 volunteer was diagnosed as α-β-thalassemia carrier. The number of thalassemia carrier shows no significant difference each year. The prevalence of thalassemia carrier was high, even though the distribution is limited by the location where the screening took place.Keywords : Thalassemia trait screening - α-thalassemia - β-thalassemia – HbE – HPLC
The role of nickel contact allergy in nummular dermatitis in Indonesia
Authors: Indrastuti Niken , Hakimi Moh , Soesatyo Marsetyawan HNE , Soebono Hardyanto
Published: November 2024

In the recurrence of nummular dermatitis (ND) as a problem for patients, it is necessary to identify interferon-γ (IFN- γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and stimulation of lymphocytes against nickel. This study aimed to investigate the role of nickel contact allergy in ND. Forty-two patients with ND were studied and 42 healthy subjects who were equal in age, sex and atopy history as control. All subjects underwent nickel skin patch test, detection of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 in blood, and lymphocyte stimulation assays. To determine cut off point of the variables, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to measure the strength of association using odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Statistical analysis was performed using McNemar X2-square test and multiple conditional logistic regression. Nickel contact allergy was shown by nickel patch test (OR= 3.5; 95% CI = 1.09–14.60), stimulation index/SI (OR= 29; 95% CI = 4.81-1184.43), IFN-γ (OR= 4.25; 95% CI = 1.39–17.36). These results were supported after multivariate analysis with conditional logistic regression which showed nickel patch test (OR= 9.63; 95% CI= 1.02–109.38; p= 0.04), SI (OR= 42.19; 95% CI = 2.32–766.03; p= 0.01), IFN-γ (OR= 11.51; 95% CI = 1.08–122.63; p= 0.04). Nickel contact allergy is an important risk factor for ND. Patients with ND are recommended to be tested for nickel contact allergy.