bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mulroney Government and the Problem of Sovereignty of Canada in the Arctic in 1980s
Authors: Volodin Dmitry
Published: May 2023

The Mulroney Government's decision to draw direct baselines around the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and explicitly assert Canadian sovereignty over these waters marked a move away from a functional approach that was aimed merely to increase Canadian control over shipping in these waters. From that time onwards, the straight baseline method has been a key element in the justification for Canadian sovereignty over the waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. As the largest Arctic power with similar positions on some Arctic issues (the legal status of the Northwest Passage and the Northern Sea Route) and a potential field of conflict of interest (the continental shelf), it is crucial for Russia to understand the nuances of Canada's position regarding its sovereignty over various types of space in the Arctic (land, sea space, continental shelf). The article draws on a wide range of sources: transcripts of debates in the House of Commons; news articles; ministerial documents and statements by their leaders; and the memoirs of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. Significant among the sources are articles by Canadian lawyers of the time who substantiated the benefits for Canada of using the straight baseline method to justify its sovereignty in the Arctic. The author concludes that the measures taken by the Mulroney Government are important for the international recognition of Canadian sovereignty over the waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
Diplomatic Activities of Councillors to the German Princes During the Thirty Years' War, 1618–1648
Authors: Lazareva Arina
Published: May 2023

. In this article the author examines the development of the European diplomatic service during the Thirty Years' War, 1618–1648. There was no diplomatic post on the payroll of German princes in the seventeenth century, so it was left to court counsellors to represent the monarch on the foreign policy stage and gather relevant information from outside their dominions, which would influence the choice of international policies. A diplomatic career required a number of factors, among them ancestry, education, and breadth of vision. Practically all of the councillors who represented their patron on the international stage were noblemen, with a few exceptions where a burgher was entrusted with diplomatic functions. All of them were university educated, knew foreign languages and had spent several years abroad travelling. The core responsibilities of counsellors-diplomats included gathering information, which was constantly shifting during the war, and negotiating potential political alliances. Among the duties of diplomatic counsellors, foreign policy activities relating to dynastic marriages occupied a special place. One of the most important qualities of the councillors-diplomats, as repeatedly emphasised in their eulogies, was a pronounced patriotism. The councillors-diplomats themselves saw their diplomatic service as an integral part of their service to the Fatherland. Their patriotism played an important role in shaping German national ideas during the Thirty Years' War, and gradually became an integral part of service in the diplomatic corps.
Corruption Scandals During the Presidency of Ulysses Grant
Authors: Alent'yeva Tatiana
Published: May 2023

In this article, while examining the state of corruption in the upper echelons of power in the United States during the presidency of Ulysses Grant (1868–1877), the author focuses on methods of combating it. The topic is a timely one, not least due to the current practice of fighting corruption on a global scale. The struggle against corruption during the presidency of Ulysses Grant has not yet been studied by Russian specialists in American Studies. In American historiography, there are still conflicting assessments of this phenomenon, as well as of the personality of Ulysses Grant himself. The problem of the President's involvement in corruption schemes is still largely unresolved. The purpose of this article is to analyse corruption scandals and the struggle against corruption during Ulysses Grant's presidency. The source base includes documents and papers of the 18th President, congressional records, memoirs of contemporaries and periodicals. The study shows that as President Ulysses Grant relied too much on his relatives and his comrades-in-arms, yet took the necessary steps to deal with corruption scandals: dismissing unworthy officials and replacing them with honest and capable administrators such as Bristow, prosecuting and punishing the culprits. The scale of corruption was largely attributable to the chaotic state of the economy after the Civil War. Congressional investigations and revelations in the periodical press had a powerful effect in combating corruption.
Application of Contextual Problems to Help Students Mathematic Understanding Ability in Science and Social Class Grades XI
Authors: Anin Fendy Reza , Dirgantoro Kurnia Putri Sepdikasari
Published: May 2023

Learning mathematics aims to instill the ability to understand mathematics. This ability is important because it trains students to think deductively and realize the relationship between mathematical concepts in real life. Field facts prove that XI IPA IPS students from a private high school in the Lampung area have difficulty working on contextual questions as a result of their low ability to understand mathematics. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of contextual questions in helping students' mathematical understanding abilities. The subjects in this study were 21 students of class XI IPA IPS at a private school in Lampung. The research method used is descriptive qualitative and data collection through written tests and interviews. The results of the study show that contextual questions can help students' mathematical understanding abilities. Through the results of this study, it is suggested that schools provide training in making contextual questions, teachers need to use contextual questions in learning, and further researchers expand the variables reviewed.
STATUS KEPEMILIKAN HAK ATAS TANAH HASIL REKLAMASI OLEH SUBJEK HUKUM ASING
Authors: Suganda Yosua Simon
Published: May 2023

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang cepat yang tidak diiringi dengan peningkatan luas lahan dapat menimbulkan masalah besar dalam jangka panjang, seperti mahalnya harga tanah. Oleh karena itu reklamasi perlu dilakukan agar dapat membantu masyarakat untuk memiliki tanah dengan harga yang terjangkau. Namun, reklamasi tidak bisa dilakukan tanpa mengikuti syarat dan ketentuan dari pemerintah. Tulisan ini dibuat agar kita dapat mengetahui siapa saja yang berhak melakukan reklamasi, subjek hukum apa saja yang dapat melakukan reklamasi. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif dan metode analisis yuridis kualitatif. Dengan mengikuti semua persyaratan hukum subjek hukum orang dan badan dapat melakukan reklamasi, baik subjek hukum lokal maupun asing.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN DAN PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT MENULAR
Authors: Arifin Jajang
Published: May 2023

Health is a basic need of every individual community that must be met by every nation and country. Including the state's obligation to protect its people from contracting diseases that are considered dangerous. The state as the largest organization is expected to be able to provide maximum services to overcome certain diseases, because the state has authority that covers the entire life of society. This research uses a doctrinal legal research model with a statutory approach method. Research results: 1. In fact, the Government is obliged to carry out efforts to prevent Infectious Diseases in accordance with Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health in article 152: (a) The Government, Regional Government, and District/City Government are responsible for implementing efforts to prevent, control, and eradicate infectious diseases; (b) The Government, Regional Government, and District/City Government are responsible for providing facilities, infrastructure, medicines, and vaccines in efforts to prevent, control, and eradicate infectious diseases; etc; 2. The national health system (SKN) reflects the efforts of the Indonesian nation to increase the ability, willingness and awareness to achieve the highest degree of health as a manifestation of general welfare, the government formulates the National Health System (SKN) policy reflects the efforts of the Indonesian nation to increase the ability, willingness and awareness to achieve the highest degree of health as a manifestation of general welfare.
Partizipation im deutschen Profifußball – Eine Untersuchung der institutionalisierten Mitbestimmungsmöglichkeiten von Vereinsmitgliedern
Authors: Bauers Sebastian Björn , Adam Sandy , Kaden Martin , Leis Oliver , Hovemann Gregor
Published: May 2023

Im Rahmen der zunehmenden Kommerzialisierung des deutschen Profifußballs lassen sich bei Mitgliedern der Vereine teilweise Indizien einer Unzufriedenheit erkennen. Bei Unzufriedenheit präferieren Vereinsmitglieder – insbesondere aufgrund der emotionalen Bindung und der damit verbundenen Loyalität zum Verein – die Ausübung ihrer Mitbestimmungsrechte (Voice-Option), während nicht-loyale „Kund:innen“ eher die Exit-Option ergreifen. In diesem Zusammenhang lässt sich beispielhaft die Mitgliederversammlung des FC Bayern München e.V. im November 2021 anführen. Aufgrund der Unzufriedenheit mit dem Sponsor Qatar Airways hatte ein Mitglied versucht, über den diesbezüglichen Sponsoring-Vertrag abstimmen zu lassen. Der entsprechende Antrag wurde mit Verweis auf die Vereinssatzung abgelehnt, wobei sich folgende grundsätzliche Frage ergibt: Welche institutionalisierten Möglichkeiten der Mitbestimmung existieren für Mitglieder im deutschen Profifußball? Durch die Sammlung und Auswertung von 135 Satzungen von den Vereinen der ersten vier deutschen Fußballligen wird erstmals eine systematisch basierte Übersicht von Mitbestimmungsmöglichkeiten generiert, aus denen sich acht Kategorien und 65 Indikatoren der Mitgliederpartizipation ergeben.
Pregnancy-related low back/pelvic girdle pain: Prevalence, severity, and risk factors in Zhengzhou, China
Authors: Shi Zhiyi , Yan Fan , Lu Ying , Liu Weihua , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhang Hongmei
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-related low back pain (LBP) and pelvic girdle pain (PGP) significantly affect the quality of life of pregnant women. Understanding their severity and risk factors may help prevent and alleviate such pain and their resulting dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the prevalence, severity, and biopsychosocial risk factors of pregnancy-related LBP and PGP in Zhengzhou, China. METHODS: The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Chinese version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and other questionnaires were self-administered by 1020 pregnant women undergoing treatment at a tertiary hospital between July and December 2019. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with pregnancy-related LBP and/or PGP. RESULTS: The prevalence of LBP and/or PGP during pregnancy was 63.0%, and most participants (80.4%) had both. The mean NPRS and RMDQ disability scores were 2.44 ± 2.10 and 6.66 ± 4.65, respectively. A higher gestational body mass index, LBP and/or PGP during menstruation, history of pregnancy-related LBP and/or PGP, and constant pressure were significantly associated with pregnancy-related LBP and/or PGP. Subjective support was a protective factor against LBP and/or PGP. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of LBP and/or PGP was high. The risk factors should be included in routine prenatal care to identify patients at risk of LBP and/or PGP.
An OER on digital historical research on European historical newspapers with the NewsEye platform
Authors: Suire Cyrille , Sidère Nicolas , Doucet Antoine
Published: May 2023

In this article, we introduce an Open Education Resource (OER) on digital historical research with historical newspapers,11The URL will be given with the camera-ready version of this paper. intended to give students the means to understand the induced risks in working with large collections of digitised documents, as well as the keys to benefit from the advances of natural language processing over large multilingual collections of European historical newspapers. This resource exploits results of the NewsEye Horizon 2020 research and innovation project. It is part of a set of 7 OERs developed and shared within the Erasmus+ project Digital Methods Platform for Arts and Humanities (DiMPAH).
Hybrid heuristic mechanism for occlusion aware facial expression recognition scheme using patch based adaptive CNN with attention mechanism
Authors: Prasad A. Reddy , Rajesh A.
Published: May 2023

In computer vision, the recognition of expressions from partially occluded faces is one of the serious problems. By the prior recognizing techniques it can solve the issue by various assumptions. A benchmark-guided branch was proposed for detecting and eliminating the manipulated features from the occluded regions since the human visual system is proficient for eliminating the occlusion and the appropriate focal point was obtained on the non-occluded areas. In recent years deep learning has attained a great place in the recognition of facial reactions Still, the precision of facial expression is affected by the occlusion and large skew. In this research work, a deep structure-based occlusionaware facial expression recognition mechanism is introduced to provide superior recognition results. Firstly, the required image is taken from publically provided online sources and the gathered images are subjected to the face extraction method. The face extraction method is done via the ViolaJones method for the extraction of redundant patterns from the original images. Secondly, the extracted face features are given to the pattern recognition stage, where the Adaptive CNN with Attention Mechanism (ACNN-AM) is introduced. This mechanism automatically forms the occluded region of the face and the focal point was on the most discriminative un-occluded regions. Moreover, the hidden patterns in the Occlusion aware facial expressions are identified through the Hybrid Galactic Swarm Yellow Saddle Goatfish Optimization (HGSYSGO). Finally, the overall effectiveness of the developed occlusion aware facial expression recognition model is examined through the comparative analysis of different existing baseline recognition techniques.
Development of VGG-16 transfer learning framework for geographical landmark recognition
Authors: Bansal Kanishk , Singh Amar
Published: May 2023

Computer vision mandates the development of landmark recognition paradigms for efficient Image Recognition. In this article, the concept of Visual Geometry Group Network (VGG-16) transfer learning is used to develop an AI model over a geographical landmarks’ dataset. The dataset is a small part of Google Landmarks dataset V2 which originally consists of over 4M images. A VGG-16 model trained on ImageNet dataset is used to transfer knowledge. A positive transfer of knowledge is seen and it was observed that the trained model was a highly generalized model for our dataset. Not only a training accuracy of more than 0.85 is observed but equivalent validation accuracy suggests that the developed model is highly robust with minimal overfitting. A comparison of our proposed approach was made with classical machine learning techniques like KNN (K Nearest Neighbor), Decision Trees, Random Forest, SVM (Support Vector Machines) and a 3 Layered CNN. The results clearly depict that the proposed approach outperforms all other machine learning classifiers in consideration.
Memory, Sleep, and Tau Function
Authors: Avila Jesús , Perry George
Published: May 2023

Memory consolidation related to the hippocampal-cortex connection takes place during sleep. This connection may involve at least two steps— one in the NREM phase of sleep (transmission) and the other in the REM phase (consolidation). In this brief report, we comment on the role of tau protein in these two phases of sleep. The absence of tau decreases δ waves in NREM, whereas the overexpression of modified (phosphorylated and/or mutated) tau alters θ waves in REM.
Axitinib beyond first-line therapy of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Real World Data from the STAR-TOR registry
Authors: Uhlig Annemarie , Uhlig Johannes , Woike Michael , Fischer Thomas , Trojan Lutz , Bergmann Lothar , Bögemann Martin , Goebell Peter J. , Rink Michael , Schlack Katrin , Leitsmann Marianne , Strauß Arne
Published: May 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety profile of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Axitinib for patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (a/mRCC) in a real-world setting.

Methods:

Adult patients from the German non-interventional post-approval multicenter STAR-TOR registry with a/mRCC (NCT00700258) were included if treated with Axitinib in second line or beyond. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse events were evaluated across subgroups using descriptive statistics and survival analyses.

Results:

Between November 2012 and December 2020, 75 study sites recruited 210 patients treated with Axitinib (69,6% male; median age 69 years; median Karnofsky Index 80%). Clear cell RCC was the most frequent histological subtype (81.0%). Axitinib was administered as second-line in 51.4%, third-line in 24.8%, and fourth-line treatment and beyond in 23.8% of the patients, respectively. MSKCC score was 15.0% favorable, 33.6% intermediate, and 51.3% poor risk. Median PFS was 5.6 months, and median OS 18.3 months. Patients with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels > 300U/l had a nominally significantly shorter OS than patients with LDH≤300U/l (8.2 vs. 19.0 months, p = 0.008). Drug related adverse and serious adverse events were reported in 56.7% and 17.6% of the patients, respectively (most common adverse event: gastrointestinal disorders; 37.6%).

Conclusions:

This real-world study confirms the clinical relevance of Axitinib in the second-line and beyond setting for a/mRCC with OS and PFS reported in concordance with pivotal trials, while demonstrating a favorable safety profile. A high LDH serum level could be a negative predictive marker for Axitinib effectiveness, which can aid in clinical decision making.
War and Peace: Structural changes in the U.S. industries 1939–1958
Authors: Tsujimura Kazusuke , Tsujimura Masako
Published: May 2023

In his memoir published in 2002, George Dantzig, who had invented the simplex algorithm to solve linear programming problems, praised Wassily Leontief as a great pioneer for proposing a large but simple matrix model that represents the interindustry input-output structure of an economy. Input-output tables, which depict the transactions of goods and services between industries, have been intensively used to prepare the U.S. economy for World War II, and to eventually liberate Europe. This paper not only revisits the early development of structural analysis but also applies it to the 1939, 1947 and 1958 U.S. input-output tables using triangulation and dispersion indices as fundamental tools. The degree of integrity represented in the Leontief inverse significantly increased as the division of work progressed in the time of war to achieve maximum productivity. The structural changes ensured a smooth transition of the American economy from peacetime to wartime, and later, the fast rebuilding of European economies that had been completely devastated during the war.
Application of a rehabilitation management strategy based on symptom management theory in postoperative functional exercises in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans
Authors: Yuan Youyuan , Chen Jiaqi , Wang Xueqi , Song Jialu
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) is the most common occlusive disease of the peripheral blood vessels. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application effect of symptom management-based rehabilitation strategy in postoperative functional exercises in patients with lower extremity ASO. METHODS: The researchers selected 136 patients that underwent lower extremity ASO surgery for the first time in their department from January to September 2020. Patients were divided into a control group (n= 68) and an experimental group (n= 68). The control group implemented routine discharge rehabilitation education and continuous nursing. On this basis, the experimental group applied the symptom management theory to the rehabilitation management strategy to compare the degree of pain, the ankle-brachial index, self-care ability and quality of life between the two groups before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Three months (P= 0.045) and six months (P=0.013) after discharge, the experimental group’s degree of pain was significantly lower than that of the control group. At one month (P= 0.019), three months (P= 0.003) and six months (P= 0.000) after discharge, the experimental group recovered significantly better than the control group. At six months after discharge, the self-care ability, mood status and physical pain of the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The rehabilitation management strategy, which is based on symptom management theory, can effectively improve the symptoms, quality of life and self-efficacy of ASO patients in continuous care. This nursing strategy is worthy of clinical promotion.
Adverse events in the global healthcare practice of an Occupational Mutual Insurance Company in Spain
Authors: Ortner Jordi , Moya Diego , Manzanera Rafael , Torres Marta , Vives Albert , Farrus Xavier , Grau Norma , Mira Jose Joaquin
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Patient safety is currently a main issue in healthcare practice. Adverse events (AEs) management is a key instrument for the application of strategies to prevent harm to patients. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the type, severity and preventability, according to validated scales, of AEs occurring annually in the healthcare practice of an Occupational Mutual Insurance Company in order to implement action plans to improve patient safety. METHODS: We analyzed the reported AEs in an Incident Reporting System and AEs detected in the Audit program of clinical records as a result of treating injured or ill workers in our 88 ambulatory care centers. RESULTS: We detected 28 AEs in the clinical records (CR), representing 0.05 AE/CR, with maximum values in the COM sample (26 AEs, 0.11) and much lower in INT (1 AEs, 0.02) and MIN (1 AE, 0.02). The most frequent AE type was procedure-related, followed by infection and care. AEs of severity level D (11 cases) and E (9 cases) predominated, while level F was also detected (6 cases). Intermediate values in preventability (3 and 4) predominated, 61.5% were preventable. With the Incident Reporting System, 27 AEs were identified, predominated by procedural type. Most reported AE severities was in levels E (10 cases) and C (8 cases), 89% were preventable. CONCLUSION: Our company detects AEs via the Incident Reporting System and annual Audit program of clinical records, both of which are complementary, and may result in the implementation of more effective Patient Safety measures.
Assessing work speed using MODAPTS: A tool for occupational therapists
Authors: Harmse Suzanne , Buys Tania Lee , Claassen Nico
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: The importance to be able to work is recognised as one of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. Occupational therapists working in vocational rehabilitation require cost effective, valid, and reliable tests that offer flexibility during the work evaluation process. The use of self-developed work samples standardized using Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standards (MODAPTS) as an objective measure of work speed could meet this need. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the face, content, and criterion validity of MODAPTS work samples to assess work speed. METHODS: We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional, descriptive study. Occupational therapists completed electronic surveys to evaluate face and content validity. We evaluated criterion validity during a multiphase process that involved a realist synthesis, online survey, and comparing MODAPTS to Methods Time Management (MTM) time standards using three work samples that measured work speed. RESULTS: MODAPTS had good face validity for measuring work speed. We also confirmed the content and criterion validity of codes used to analyse basic movement and handling of smaller and larger articles as well as other body actions. CONCLUSION: MODAPTS demonstrated adequate face, content and criterion validity of tasks involving basic movements, handling of articles and other body actions.
Emotional intelligence on job performance: A study on Malaysian employees
Authors: Moorthy Krishna , Juan Lee Mei , Kamarudin Aufa Amalina , Govindarajo Normala S. , T’ing Loh Chun
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the emotional intelligence of employees through the negative effects on their mental health, and led to poor workplace performance. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research is to examine the level of EI of Malaysian employees in various sectors affecting their job performance through the mediating influence of psychological capital by using the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Test (SSEIT), 24-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24) and Role-Based Performance Scale (RBPS) theories. METHOD: A quantitative study was conducted. 350 sets of questionnaires were given out to Malaysian employees, of which 311 were returned. Data were analysed through regression analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that all emotional intelligence subscales, except for utilising emotions, have a significant relationship with job performance through the effect of psychological capital. CONCLUSION: This study offers valuable and insightful implications by combining the SSEIT, PCQ-24, and RBPS models to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence on job performance in Malaysia, which is an unusual combination model to analyse employees’ job performance. It helps Malaysian companies, managers, employers, and other related parties to recognise the processes and elements that influence employees’ work performance. This research also successfully developed an extended SSEIT model together with PCQ-24 and RBPS and verified their applicability on workplace performance.
Anxiety and work overload perception levels of primary healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yiğit İrem , Özkan Filiz
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has greatly affected healthcare workers at the physical and psychosocial level. In this process, primary healthcare workers have taken the most active role by taking part in the filiation groups. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the anxiety and workload perception level of primary healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. An online survey was conducted among 197 healthcare workers. Personal Information Form, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale and Work Overload Scale were used as data collection tools in the research. Independent Two-Sample T-Test, One-Way Analysis of Variance, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were used to evaluate the data. Moreover, the relationships between the scales were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis and simple regression analysis. RESULTS: The median total score of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale of healthcare workers was 3.0, and the mean score of the Work Overload Scale was 37.89±7.47. It was found that there was a correlation between the Coronavirus Anxiety and the Work Overload Scales and 21.0% of the variance changes in the Work Overload Scale were affected by coronavirus anxiety. CONCLUSION: It was determined that the level of coronavirus anxiety affects the perception of workload. Therefore, it is recommended that work plans should be made considering this situation.
STUDY OF THE ROLE OF HEMOCOAGULATION DISBALANCE AS A KEY PATHOGENETIC PREDICTORS IN THE FORMATION OF SYSTEMIC DISORDERS IN EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS
Authors: Gutsulyuk V. G. , Savуtskyi I. V.
Published: May 2023

Background. Peritonitis today continues to be one of the most difficult problems of both abdominal surgery and theoretical pathophysiology. One of the leading pathogenetic mechanisms of peritonitis is disorders in the hemostasis system and the development of dissemination vascular syndrome. Blockade of microcirculation caused by the development of dissemination vascular syndrome leads to tissue hypoxia and, as a result, to dysfunction of organs and body systems.

Aim: is to study changes in vascular-platelet and coagulation hemostasis under conditions of experimental fecal peritonitis in rats.

Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 24 non-linear laboratory rats, which were divided into 2 groups: 1 group – intact control (animals received distilled water), 2 group – animals of the control pathology group. According to the "Methodological recommendations for preclinical study of medicinal products", experimental peritonitis was studied on the model of V. A. Lazarenko. Indicators of vascular-platelet and coagulation hemostasis were determined according to generally accepted methods.

Results. On the first day of experimental peritonitis, a sharp increase in the rate of blood clotting and changes in the quality properties of platelets were noted, affecting their aggregation ability and retraction of an already formed blood clot. On the 4th day of the experiment, changes in the vascular-platelet link were established, indicating the exhaustion of the platelet potential, due to a decrease in blood clotting time, platelet aggregation ability, and blood clot retraction against the background of a probable increase in the number of blood platelets, which probably by now had time "get" to the bloodstream from the depot. Changes in the coagulation hemostasis system against the background of experimental fecal peritonitis indicate the development of hypercoagulation already on the first day, which is replaced by a hypocoagulation state, which indicates the exhaustion of the enzymatic systems of blood coagulation potential (as early as on the 4th day), which lasted until the end of the experiment.

Conclusion. In the development of disorders of the hemostasis system in fecal peritonitis, the key role belongs to both the internal and external mechanisms of activation of the blood coagulation system.
THE ROLE OF POST-MORTEM BIOCHEMISTRY IN THE FORENSIC MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MECHANICAL INJURY (literature review)
Authors: Erhard N. , Biliakov A.
Published: May 2023

Background. Mechanical trauma occupies one of the leading places in forensic medical examination. The main task of the expert, when conducting this kind of examination, is to provide a scientifically based answer to the questions of the pre-trial investigation bodies or the court, which relate not only to the determination of the mechanism of the injury, but also to the time period of its occurrence. Traditional methods of morphological research and methods of laboratory analyzes cannot always provide comprehensive information, especially in cases of determining the age of mechanical trauma in the early Post-mortem period. Therefore, new methods of biochemical research are being actively introduced into forensic medical practice.

Aim: Analysis of the literature devoted to the application of various biochemical diagnostic methods in forensic medical practice to establish the antiquity of mechanical trauma.

Results. In pathological conditions, such as, for example, trauma, certain molecular changes occur in the human body, which are associated with a systemic reaction to a stress factor and are manifested before the appearance of morphological changes in tissues and organs. Therefore, the use of biochemical research methods will significantly expand the possibilities of forensic diagnostics. The publication shows promising directions for the application of the biochemical method for forensic trauma diagnosis. Issues of establishing the statute of limitations for mechanical injuries are considered. Today, scientific studies of the body's stress state in cases of fatal injuries are becoming more and more common. Which is of great importance for forensic medical expert practice. Therefore, the role of manifestations of the body's systemic response to trauma is described. The role of natriuretic peptides, creatine kinase and procalcitonin in diagnosing the duration of the traumatic process is also shown.

Conclusion. The relevance and practical significance of biochemical research for the forensic diagnosis of the time of occurrence of a mechanical injury, as well as the development of new diagnostic criteria for determining the body's systemic response to trauma, necessitated a deep and comprehensive study of the above problems.
Omicron Variant Could be an Antigenic Shift of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kaushal Anju
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of various variants and recombinants since the arrival of the D614G recombinant in 2020. Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants of concern are ascribed to predominate increasing the cases and hospitalizations. VOCs have already created a big impact on people’s lives, livelihoods, mental health, businesses & economies, etc. all around the world. The prime boosting concept emerged seeing the lowered vaccine efficacy due to the occurrence of Ab-resistant RBD mutations. Omicron has evolved separately from subvariant BA.1 continuing to provide antibody resistance due to heavy mutations in RBD, NTD, and S1 /S2 regions of the virus, especially in case of vaccination and breakthrough infections. The overall mutational landscape of Omicron showed a drift from other variants lowering potency. The collective information, in this short review, is on the mutations affecting antibody efficacy, besides explaining some limitations prompting further research studies.
Mental Recognition of Objects via Ramsey Sentences
Authors: Tozzi Arturo
Published: May 2023

Dogs display vast phenotypic diversity, including differences in height, skull shape, tail, etc. Yet, humans are almost always able to quickly recognize a dog, despite no single feature or group of features are critical to distinguish dogs from other objects/animals. In search of the mental activities leading human individuals to state _“I see a dog_”, we hypothesize that the brain might extract meaningful information from the environment using Ramsey sentences-like procedures. To turn the proposition _“I see a dog”_ in a Ramsey sentence, the term dog must be replaced by a long and complex assertion consisting only of observational terms, existential quantifiers and operational rules. The Ramsey sentence for _“I see a dog”_ sounds: “_There is at least an entity called dog which satisfies the following conditions: it is an animal, it has four legs, …, etc, …, and is something that I have in my sight_”. We discuss the biological plausibility and the viable neural correlates of a Ramsey-like mechanism in the central nervous system. We accomplish a brain-inspired, theoretical neural architecture consisting of a parallel network that requires virtually no memory, is devoid of probabilistic choices and can analyze huge but finite amounts of unique visual details, combining them in a single concept. In sum, Ramsey sentence stands for a versatile tool that can be used not just as a methodological device to cope with biophysical affairs, but also for a model to describe the real functioning of cognitive operations such as sensation and perception.
ОСНОВНІ ШЛЯХИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Боднар І. Р.
Published: May 2023

Розвиток інформаційного суспільства базується на новітніх інформаційно-телекомунікаційних технологіях і засобах зв’язку. Національний інформаційний простір переживає новий етап розвитку, пов’язаний із інтеграцією у світовий та європейський інформаційний простір. Формування інформаційного суспільства базується на реалізації ефективної інформаційної політики. Інформаційні технології відкривають нові унікальні можливості для розвитку економіки та підвищення рівня життя суспільства. Прикладне використання інформаційних систем дає змогу вдосконалити механізми гуманізації та демократизації суспільства, підвищує рівень добробуту його членів, забезпечує економічне зростання та сприяє підвищенню конкурентоспроможності національної економіки. На сучасному етапі в Україні відсутня модель обчислення впливу інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій на галузі економіки та сфери життя. Рівень споживання ІКТ-продукції та послуг свідчить про рівень модернізації країни та рівень її продуктивності, ефективності та конкурентоздатності. Відсутні офіційні дані щодо покриття території країни цифровими інфраструктурами та рівня споживання відповідних послуг. Для цього важливо виявити та вивчити фактори об’єктивного та суб’єктивного впливу на вітчизняну інформаційну сферу. Одним із напрямів є аналіз передумов входження України у світовий інформаційний простір та необхідність визначення шляхів удосконалення функціонування інформаційної сфери. У статті розглянуто проблеми формування державної інформаційної політики. Проаналізовано інформаційні загрози національній безпеці України та шляхи забезпечення інформаційної безпеки. Запропоновано перспективні підходи щодо забезпечення ефективності реформування інформаційної політики України.
ОЦІНКА ОСНОВНИХ ЗАСОБІВ У СИСТЕМІ УПРАВЛІННЯ НЕОБОРОТНИМИ АКТИВАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Бойко Р. В. , Чік М. Ю. , Побережниченко М. В.
Published: May 2023

У статті досліджено основні аспекти оцінки основних засобів у бухгалтерському обліку. Встановлено, що оцінка є частиною методу бухгалтерського обліку, на основі якої відбувається процес визначення вартості об’єкта. Перелічені нормативно-правові акти, якими регулюється процес здійснення оцінки основних засобів. Оцінка активів розкриває існуючу вартість капіталу підприємства, її значущість як майнової системи. До проблем, пов’язаних із оцінкою основних засобів, належать: відсутність регламентації та закріплення дефініцій справедливої, залишкової вартості в законодавчих актах, відмінності при віднесенні витрат до первісної вартості активів у бухгалтерському та податковому обліку тощо, які порушують об’єктивність бухгалтерської інформації. У статті також перелічено та надано характеристику видам оцінки основних засобів. Визначено ключові способи надходження основних засобів на підприємство. Зарубіжні дослідники розглядають абсолютні методи оцінки та відносні методи оцінки. Моделі абсолютної вартості оцінюють активи лише на основі характеристик цього активу. Ці моделі відомі як моделі дисконтованого грошового потоку (DCF) і оцінюють активи, такі як акції, облігації та нерухомість, на основі їхніх майбутніх грошових потоків та альтернативної вартості капіталу. Відносні моделі оцінки визначають вартість на основі спостереження ринкових цін подібних активів. У зв’язку зі складністю оцінки активів у майбутньому одним із найбільш спірних питань залишається методика визначення ліквідаційної вартості основних засобів. Дослідження розглянутих джерел інформації свідчить про те, що вітчизняні науковці вивчають поняття ліквідаційної вартості, а втім, єдиний підхід до його визначення нині все ще відсутній. Окреслено методи розрахунку ліквідаційної вартості, запропоновані провідними вченими-економістами. У статті також визначений алгоритм дій для отримання правдивих показників відносно оцінки об’єктів основних засобів.
ШЛЯХИ ПІСЛЯВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ІНДУСТРІЇ ТУРИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Миронов Ю. Б.
Published: May 2023

У статті розглядаються особливості функціонування індустрії туризму в Україні під час повномасштабної російсько-української війни. Відзначено, що війна стала важким випробуванням для туристичної галузі України, завдавши нещадного удару по туристичній галузі, яка тільки почала оговтуватися після років карантинних обмежень, фактично зупинивши туризм, похитнувши продовольчі, фінансові й енергетичні ринки. Проаналізовано основні перешкоди для нормального функціонування індустрії туризму в Україні. Разом з тим, визначено і можливості в туристичній сфері України. Після завершення збройного конфлікту виникне питання відновлення господарської діяльності у зонах післявоєнних дій, а також відновлення туристичної галузі на національному рівні. Запропоновано перспективні напрями відновлення індустрії туризму в Україні у повоєнний період, а саме: розвиток в’їзного та виїзного туризму; реновація інфраструктури туризму; якісне інституційне забезпечення туристичної діяльності; підвищення інтересу іноземних відвідувачів до меморіальних маршрутів та знакових місць повоєнного періоду; активізація маркетингової діяльності задля просування туристичного бренду України на зовнішніх ринках; розроблення якісних освітніх програм у сфері туризму й удосконалення існуючих та ін. Зазначається, що основою формування національної туристичної політики у післявоєнний період має стати деталізація важелів регіонального розвитку й державно-приватного партнерства. Плануючи відновлення післявоєнної індустрії туризму в Україні, слід також враховувати досвід інших країн у відновленні цієї галузі, які також постраждали внаслідок збройних конфліктів. Війна в Україні, безсумнівно, змусить всю туристичну галузь перебудовуватися, а після закінчення військових дій з’являться нові популярні туристичні об’єкти та дестинації. Визначено перспективні напрями подальших наукових досліджень у даному напрямі.
La fibra ottica tra piano e conoscenza istituzionale: il caso di Milano
Authors: Andreassi Fabio , Bellone Cinzia B. , Naselli Fabio
Published: May 2023

Il controllo dell'organizzazione spaziale e funzionale della città attraverso il "digitale connesso" sollecita la conoscenza urbanistica della dotazione infrastrutturale, la quale, superando i tecnicismi, guarda alle relazioni multilivello tra il costruito, lo spazio aperto urbano e la società. L'articolo approfondisce, con un focus sulla città di Milano, il ruolo svolto dal Piano dei sottoservizi nelle analisi e nelle previsioni sugli assetti urbani, con particolare attenzione alla fibra ottica.
Il gran canale dell'Arno di Leonardo da Vinci fra visioni strategiche e invarianti strutturali: un'utile lezione per l'urbanistica contemporanea
Authors: Poli Daniela , Butelli Elisa , Chiti Michela
Published: May 2023

L'ambizioso progetto di Leonardo da Vinci del canale navigabile dell'Arno rafforza- va il sistema policentrico della pianura fra Firenze e Pistoia, valorizzando in chiave multifunzionale gli elementi ecosistemici. A metà del '900 l'asse attrezzato di scor- rimento da Firenze a Prato ricalca il tracciato dell'idrovia ma, contrariamente alla visione leonardiana, si relaziona al territorio in un'ottica puramente funzionalista. L'articolo propone un confronto tra due visioni opposte di progetto del territorio.
Semiosi affettiva e cultura di pace: studi psicoanalitici sui conflitti
Authors: Miscioscia Diego
Published: May 2023

L'articolo, inizialmente, prende in esame il significato psicologico dell'idea di pace e ne analizza le complesse dinamiche intrapsichiche caratterizzate da processi di integrazione armoniosa tra tutte le parti del Sé. Riassume poi gli studi più importanti sulle cause della guerra, approfondendo in particolare gli studi di Franco Fornari e Luigi Pagliarani su questo tema. Nella seconda parte, l'autore propone una lettura socioanalitica della cultura affettiva prevalente oggi in Europa, potenzialmente avviata verso una cultura di pace, ma molto impoverita da agenti patogeni narcisistici che svuotano e impoveriscono queste sue potenzialità positive sullo scenario internazionale. Nel finale l'autore propone alcune idee su come poter sviluppare una cultura di pace.
La matrice del soldato, l'Ucraina e l'anti-matrice del soldato
Authors: Friedman Robi
Published: May 2023

Si descrive la Matrice del Soldato quale sviluppo delle risposte della società alle minacce all'esistenza o alla gloria potenziale. La storia delle comunità ebraiche in Europa, la società Israeliana e quella Tedesca, la Matrice dell'Anti-Soldato, sono qui utilizzate per spiegare l'insicurezza relazionale e l'identificazione con leader violenti. I processi potenziali di transizione dal conflitto alla guerra, che danno forma ad una Matrice del Soldato, sono discussi insieme con la possibilità di allontanarsi da una qualche forma di Matrice del Soldato
Abitare la soglia. Il piacere della guerra e la ricerca della non distruttività
Authors: Morelli Ugo
Published: May 2023

Il confronto a cui chiama questo contributo è un'ipotesi sulla distruttività e la guerra che le consideri come una possibilità umana, una possibilità di soglia, dalla quale una delle direzioni che può scaturirne è l'attrazione desiderante e giocosa del piacere che deriva dalla sofferenza e dall'annientamento dell'altro. Qualora dal livello di coppia si passi a quello di gruppo o collettivo, i rinforzi derivanti dalla molteplicità condivisa possono produrre, e producono, macchine di distruzione basate sul principio del piacere, fino all'appagamento e alla lunga elaborazione della colpa. Una simile ipotesi implica la necessità di accogliere l'inconscio come forza generativa più che come difesa. Sembra importante privi-legiare una lettura psicoanalitica dei fenomeni intesa come esperienza radicale di apertura, volta a comprendere anche uno dei fenomeni più perturbanti della nostra vita collettiva, come la guerra. Prima ancora che una terapeutica, solo una comprensione derivante da un adeguato esame di realtà potrà aprire a qual-che possibilità di intervento per prevenire la distruttività umana. Per ora, siamo ben lontani da una comprensione attendibile, e il moralismo non aiuta.
Pace-guerra-conflitto: le risposte di uno storico
Authors: Vercelli Claudio
Published: May 2023

La guerra si propone di cancellare il pluralismo dell'esistenza individuale e col-lettiva, la differenza, l'alterità. La guerra, alimentata dalla razionalità utilitaria della modernità, rende gli individui perfettamente anonimi e, pertanto, esclusi-vamente funzionali ad una macchina di insensata distruzione. In una società evo-lutiva e inclusiva, ovvero basata sulla generazione di cittadinanze attive, il con-flitto è invece parte integrante nei processi di emancipazione. Si tratta però di restituire alla politica il suo ruolo di telos civile e sociale non con un generico richiamo alla partecipazione, bensì con la condivisione della necessità di un pensiero critico, l'unico che possa fondare comunità etiche basate sulla solida-rietà. Il conflitto si colloca in esse non come elemento dilacerante bensì come fat-tore generativo di appartenenze non esclusiviste.
Transizione energetica transnazionale
Authors: Poliseno Alessandra
Published: May 2023

Il contributo analizza i contenuti della proroga del "Quadro temporaneo di crisi per misure di aiuto di Stato a sostegno dell'economia a seguito dell'aggressione della Russia contro l'Ucraina" che si colloca nel solco delle numerose iniziative intra- prese dalla Commissione, come, ad esempio, il progetto "REPowerEU", il regolamento relativo a misure coordinate di riduzione della domanda di gas nonché quello relativo ad un intervento di emergenza per far fronte ai prezzi elevati dell'energia. In tale contesto si rafforza il cambio di rotta delle politiche sugli aiuti di Stato teso a una maggiore flessibilità ma sempre in linea con quanto stabilito nel diritto dell'economia. Cambia e si consolida il rapporto Stati-Commissione, così come anche gli obiettivi che tendono a una più veloce transizione ecologica conciliando le politiche energetiche con le politiche ambientali, sensibilizzando anche le imprese attraverso incentivi mirati al green. Il tutto conduce alla creazione di una politica energetica comune e a un primo passo verso una politica industriale a livello europeo in risposta al cambiamento geopolitico in corsa.