bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An analytical insight of discussions and sentiments of Indians on Omicron-driven third wave of COVID-19 using twitter data
Authors: Vatsa Deepika Vatsa Deepika , Yadav Ashima Yadav Ashima
Published: April 2022

Microblogging has become one of the most crucial tool for expressing and sharing the opinions and views of everyday life events. Digital channels are being used to monitor public health issues on the Internet. Twitter is a very popular source that provides tweets related to the sentiment of the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many researchers have used tweets to monitor the opinion of the people towards the coronavirus vaccine, mental health problems, treatment received by the doctors, impact of lockdown, etc. However, these works were mostly limited to the first and second waves of the pandemic. In this work, we aim to study the impact of the third wave of the pandemic, which started in December 2021 in India. We accomplished this by collecting tweet data set of two months, i.e., December 2021 and January 2022, discussing COVID-19 and having country code as "IN". We employed the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) technique for topic modeling and labeled each tweet message with the topic words that best describe it. We also utilized sentiment labels for each tweet and analyzed the distribution of different topics across different sentiment labels. This helped us to analyze the perspectives and sentiments of the people with respect to different topic discussions. Our analysis discovered that the two most discussed topics were ``precautionary measures" like get well soon, stay safe, wear mask, etc., and ``vaccine" where people have discussed about its effectiveness and vaccination drive in India. We found that people mostly had neutral sentiments for the former topic while for the latter, overall sentiment polarity was negative, reflecting peoples' mistrust in the COVID-19 vaccine.
Global three-dimensional draping of magnetic field lines in Earth's magnetosheath from in-situ spacecraft measurements
Authors: de Welle Bayane Michotte , Aunai Nicolas , Nguyen Gautier , Lavraud Benoit , Génot Vincent , Jeandet Alexis , Smets Roch
Published: April 2022

Magnetic field draping occurs when the magnetic field lines frozen in a plasma flow wrap around a body or plasma environment.
The draping of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) around the Earth's magnetosphere has been confirmed in the early days of space exploration.
However, its global and three-dimensional structure is known from modeling only, mostly numerical.
Here, this structure in the dayside of the Earth's magnetosheath is determined as a function of the upstream IMF orientation purely from in-situ spacecraft observations.
We show the draping structure can be organized in three distinct regimes depending on how radial the upstream IMF is.
Quantitative analysis demonstrates how the draping pattern results from the frozen-in condition with the magnetosheath flow, deflected around the magnetopause.
Moisture- and period-dependent interactive effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and AM fungus on water use and yield formation in dryland wheat
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Maqsood Ur , Zhu Ying , Abrar Muhammad , Khan Wasim , Wang Wei , Iqbal Awais , Khan Anum , Chen Yuan , Rafiq Muhammad , Tufail Muhammad Aammar , Ye Jian-Sheng , Xiong You-Cai
Published: April 2022

Purpose
In drought-prone soils, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) might positively affect water uptake and crop yield via rhizosphere interactions.
Methods
Sole and combined additions of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase and Rhizophagus irregularis into rhizospheric soils were performed under well-watered (WW; 80% field water capacity), moderate water stress (MWS; 50% FWC) and severe water stress (SWS; 35% FWC) in pot-cultured wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Results
In moderate and severe drought stress, water use efficiency (WUEB) was increased by 27.9–34.3% in PGPR and 20-22.1% in AMF treatments, respectively, and grain yield was improved by 20.03–30.77% in PGPR and 12.13–34.34% in AMF treatments, respectively, compared with CK. Importantly, the co-inoculation of AMF and PGPR significantly promoted WUEB by 57.46–98.49% and grain yield by 131.82–94.94% compared to the average value of two sole inoculations in MWS and SWS treatments, respectively. Biomass production followed a similar trend as yield. Particularly, the above parameters were significantly enhanced with the prolonged developmental stages (p < 0.05). ACC deaminase significantly reduced ACC accumulation in MWS and SWS, enhanced AMF root colonization, and promoted rhizosphere microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen levels across all three developing stages. Furthermore, AMF-PGPR co-inoculation enhanced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents during anthesis while reducing them during pre-harvesting. Enhanced water uptake and root activities upsurged photosynthetic attributes throughout the growing season.
Conclusion
AMF-PGPR co-inoculation acted as a promising solution to cope with the droughted environment via root activities for stronger water capture.
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with the Vero cell lines by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Malá Zuzana , Vojta Marek , Loskot Jan , Sleha Radek , Ježek Bruno , Zelenka Mgr. Josef
Published: April 2022

In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the cell structure of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Our measurements revealed infection remodeling caused by infection, including the emergence of new specialized areas where viral morphogenesis occurs at the cell membrane. Intercellular extensions for viral cell surfing have also been observed. Our results expand our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with cells, its spread from cell to cell, and their size distribution. Our findings suggest that SEM is a useful microscopic method for intracellular ultrastructure analysis of cells exhibiting specific surface modifications that could also be applied to studying other important biological processes.
The GPR120 Agonist TUG-891 Alleviates Neuronal Pyroptosis by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress after Experimental Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Mice
Authors: Wang Haoxiang , Liu Chang , Li Yuanyou , Cao Yi , Zhao Long , Zhao Yanjie , Deng Ziang , Tong Aiping , Zhou Liangxue
Published: April 2022

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a disease with high disability and mortality rate and lacks specific therapy, and which basic causes lies in the unclear mechanism. Recently, the pyroptosis in central nervous system diseases has received more attention, which is closely related to traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic stroke. Furthermore, excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress can cause dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum and even cell pyroptosis by regulating NLRP3 pathway. However, the relationship between pyroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress after IVH is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and its relationship with pyroptosis in a mouse model of IVH. Our results show that intracerebroventricular injection of autologous blood induced pyroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The mechanism is that after IVH, the endoplasmic reticulum stress--NLRP3 inflammatory body--pyroptosis pathway is activated, which results in brain tissue damage. This effect can be reversed by the combination of TUG-891 and GPR120. In summary, we revealed that TUG-891 inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress and reduces neuronal pyroptosis by activating GPR120, which might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of IVH.
Risk perception of sun exposure and knowledge of vitamin D among the healthcare providers in a high-risk country: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Siddiqee Mahbubul Hasan , Bhattacharjee Badhan , Hasan Md Mahbub , Mohammad Shojon , Hassan Md Mehedi , Rouf Rashawan Raziur , Siddiqi Umme Raihan , Rabbi Fazlay , Siddiqi Umme Ruman
Published: April 2022

Background: High levels of vitamin D deficiency are commonly reported even in regions with abundant sunshine. This necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the determinants that influence sun exposure practices. As the primary source of health-related knowledge for the general public, the attitude of the healthcare professionals towards sunlight and their awareness related to vitamin D deficiency can be critical in this regard. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,242 physicians, intern doctors, and senior medical students in Bangladesh from October 2019 to February 2020. A pre-tested structured questionnaire (containing twelve close-ended questions) was used. The perceptions of health risks due to sun exposure, and basic knowledge of the physiological and epidemiological aspects of vitamin D deficiency were tested. Results: An overall negative attitude towards sunlight in the context of Bangladesh was highlighted – 68% participants thought regular sun exposure would be harmful or very harmful; 26% thought the level of UV radiation was very high; 44% recommended using sunscreen always; skin burns, heat stroke, and cancer were selected as potential consequences of regular sun exposure by 45%, 21%, and 30% respondents respectively. Overall knowledge regarding vitamin D deficiency appeared to be biased towards bone health; other symptoms and associated illnesses not having obvious link to Calcium-metabolism were identified much lesser frequently. Furthermore, ‘sunrise to 10 am’ was identified as the best time to get vitamin D by 69% participants; 60% believed <30min of weekly sun exposure would be sufficient for the Bangladeshi population; an only 33% identified that prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Bangladesh would be 50% or more. Taking vitamin D-rich food was suggested by more respondents over regular sun exposure (43% vs. 33%) as more effective remedial strategy to curb vitamin D deficiency in Bangladesh. Conclusion: In addition to highlighting some crucial knowledge gaps, results from this study provides a comprehensive baseline dataset for knowledge and attitude regarding the public health aspects of vitamin D deficiency among the healthcare providers in Bangladesh, which would be generalizable to other countries with similar socio-demographic context, and will facilitate taking more effective policies worldwide.
Towards Cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis CCDA Methodology
A multi-disciplinary approach to Social Science
Authors: Allah Ghufran Khir
Published: April 2022

This paper introduces a new approach to social science research, which I call Cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis (CCDA). CCDA depends on two paramount approaches studied extensively in Linguistics Approach in the last decade; the first is Cognitive Linguistics (CL) (which contains theories on Mental Frames (MF) and Conceptual Metaphors Theory (CMT)). The second is Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that includes the analysis of the linguistic production (the discourse) and the social and political context of that production (political agenda, injustice, social stereotypes, and equality). This article is not inventing a new methodology at all. In this article, I join all the puzzle pieces together. I put together the latest theories in all the approaches mentioned above in a solo multi-disciplinary methodology that social science researchers, who may not have a deep knowledge of linguistics, can easily understand and apply. This methodology aims to go beyond the socio-linguistic analysis to reveal the mental structures activated and re-activated by discourse towards social phenomena. This article is part of a series of articles dedicated to setting together CCDA methodology and providing empirical examples on how to include it in social science research. This article provides researchers with the tools to analyze how ideologies, religions, and the public discourse construct the social mind towards cultural, political, and national values and how society members rearticulate these values through their linguistic production. Understanding how the public discourse builds our mental frames on values, diversity, gender equality is a significant step towards making a change in that discourse to achieve a higher level of equality and justice in any society.
Understanding the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Surgical Care Delivery in India: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jain Samarvir , Mahajan Anshul , Patil Priti , Bhandarkar Prashant , Sarang Bhakti , Bains Lovenish , Bhandoria Geetu , Khajanchi Monty , Veetil Deepa Kizhakke , Mohan Monali , Shah Priyansh , Dutta Rohini , Virk Sargun , Rattan Amulya , Sharma Naveen , Mishra Anurag , Bhavishi Devi , Jaydeep Hindocha , Arora Sumit , Kant Ravi , Belekar Dnyanesh , Wadhawan Randeep , Satoskar Rajeev R. , Prajapati Ramlal , Srivas Sudhir K. , Kamble Prashant , Mayadeo Niranjan M. , Gokhale Ashish , Roy Nobhojit , Gadgil Anita
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns adversely affected global health care services to varying extent. Emergency Services were affected along-with elective surgeries, to accommodate the added burden of COVID19 affected patients. We aimed to reflect, quantify and analyse the trends of essential surgeries and bellwether procedures during the waxing and waning of the pandemic, across various hospitals in India.MethodologyA research consortium led by WHO Collaboration Centre (WHOCC) for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-and Middle-Income countries, India, conducted this study with 5 centres. All surgeries performed during the months of April 2020 (wave 1), November 2020 (recovery 1) and April 2021 (wave 2) were compared with those performed in April 2019 (pre-pandemic period). ResultsThe total number of surgeries reduced by 77% during wave 1, which improved to 52% reduction in recovery 1, as compared to pre-pandemic period. However, surgeries reduced again during wave 2 to 68%, but reduction was less as compared to wave 1. Emergency and essential surgeries were affected along-with the elective ones, but to a lesser extent.ConclusionOur study quantified the effects of the pandemic on surgical-care delivery across a timeline and documented reduction in overall surgical volumes during the peaks of the pandemic (wave 1 and 2) with minimal improvement as the surge of COVID19 cases declined (recovery 1). The second wave showed improved surgical volumes as compared to the first one which may be attributable to improved preparedness. Caesarean sections were affected the least.
Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and malignant phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Rui , Wang Zhiping , Lu Tianzhu , Liu Yuzhen , JI Yulong , Yu Yilin , Tou Fangfang , Guo Shanxian
Published: April 2022

Background
The budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles (BUB) family is involved in the cell cycle process as mitotic checkpoint components. Abnormal proliferation is a vital process in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Nevertheless, the roles of BUB1 in LUAD remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value and biological functions of BUB1 in LUAD using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), clinical LUAD samples, and in vitro experiments.
Methods
The expression, prognostic significance, functions, immune infiltration, and methylation of BUB1 in LUAD were comprehensively analyzed using TCGA, GEO, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Metascape, cBioPortal, MethSurv, and cancerSEA databases. Furthermore, we performed a battery of in vitro experiments and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to verify the bioinformatics results.
Results
BUB1 was upregulated in LUAD tissues compared with normal tissues (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that BUB1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 1.499, p = 0.013). Functional enrichment analysis showed that BUB1 was correlated with cell cycle, proliferation, DNA repair, DNA damage, and invasion (p < 0.05). Moreover, the methylation level of BUB1 was negatively correlated with BUB1 expression (p < 0.001), and patients with BUB1 hypomethylation had worse overall survival than patients with hypermethylation (p < 0.05). Finally, in vitro experiments showed that downregulation of BUB1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells and promoted LUAD cell apoptosis. IHC also showed that BUB1 was overexpressed in LUAD (p < 0.001) and was significantly associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our bioinformatics and IHC analyses revealed that BUB1 overexpression was an adverse prognostic factor in LUAD. In vitro experiments demonstrated that BUB1 promoted tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in LUAD. These results indicated that BUB1 was a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target in LUAD.
Involvement of essential trace elements in the pathogenesis of NASH: comparison of their involvement in NASH with that in HCV-related chronic liver disease
Authors: Himoto Takashi , Fujita Koji , Mimura Shima , Tani Joji , Morishita Asahiro , Kubota Satoru , Masaki Tsutomu
Published: April 2022

Essential trace elements are involved in the pathogenesis of the chronic liver disease such as hepatic inflammation, steatosis and fibrosis. We investigate the roles of essential trace elements in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and compared those in NASH with those in HCV-related chronic liver disease (CLD-C). Serum zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), copper (Cu) and ferritin levels were measured in twenty-six NASH patients and 66 CLD-C patients. The correlations between these essential trace elements levels in their sera and biochemical or pathological parameters were examined in both the NASH and CLD-C patients. Serum ferritin levels were significantly correlated with serum ALT levels and the HOMA-IR values in both the NASH and CLD-C groups. Serum Zn and Se levels were significantly associated with serum albumin levels, and inversely associated with the stages of hepatic fibrosis in both groups. Serum Se levels were closely correlated with the grades of hepatic steatosis in the NASH patients, whereas serum ferritin levels were positively correlated, and serum Zn levels were inversely correlated with the grades in the CLD-C patients. Serum Zn levels were inversely associated with the HOMA-IR values in the both groups, although serum Se was also negatively associated with the HOMA-IR values only in the CLD-C patients. These results indicate that the mechanisms to evoke insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis may be slightly different between NASH and CLD-C patients.
Effects of bovine milk osteopontin on in vitro enamel remineralization as a topical application prior to immersion in remineralizing solutions with/without fluoride.
Authors: Ishizuka Hisako , Hamba Hidenori , Nakamura Keiki , Miyayoshi Yoshihito , Kumura Haruto , Muramatsu Takashi
Published: April 2022

Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of bovine milk osteopontin (OPN) on enamel remineralization as a topical application. Materials and methods After bovine enamel blocks were immersed in demineralizing solution, they were divided into the following 3 groups: OPN (2.7 and 5.4 µM) solutions and deionized water (negative control), which were applied to the enamel surface of each specimen at 37˚C for 30 min. Each group was divided into 2 groups and immersed in remineralizing solution with or without 1 ppm of fluoride (F). After demineralization and remineralization, specimens were scanned by micro-computed tomography to evaluate mineral density and calculate mineral loss. At 14 days, surface and cross-sectional images were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results Remineralization was confirmed in all groups. The percentage of remineralization was higher in remineralization solution with than without F (p<0.05). OPN groups in remineralizing solution without F showed a lower percentage of remineralization at 14 days. In the presence of F, the percentage of remineralization was similar in the 5.4 µM OPN group and control group and significantly lower in the 2.7 µM OPN group (p<0.05). SEM images showed the accumulation of crystal-like deposits on the enamel surface in the OPN groups, and needle-like structural precipitations were observed in the OPN with F groups. Furthermore, stable structures were detected at the subsurface region. Conclusions These results suggest that bovine milk OPN inhibits remineralization in solution without F, but 5.4 µM bovine milk OPN does not inhibit remineralization using solution containing F.Clinical relevance Application of 5.4µM bovine milk OPN prior to immersion in solution with F would be a potential for the management of dental caries in the future, from a viewpoint of both bacteria and remineralization.
In vitro profiling of application ready human surrogate primary progenitor stromal cell fractions
Authors: Dasari Vasanthi , Bolimera Paparao , Gorthi Leela Krishna , Dravida Subhadra
Published: April 2022

Background: Human progenitor, primary cell-based models are emerging as alternatives to animal systems in discovery and development stages of pharma and biopharmaceutical candidates meant for clinical application. In vitro platforms available for such use including for assessments of human neuro related toxicities and virulence have been rarely reported. We characterized biological discard sourced primary progenitor cells configured as microphysiological systems in vitro to establish phenotype and genotype signatures with reference to pluripotency and neuronal lineage. Methods and results: Tissue based method of stromal cell population isolation method, MACS to generate induced pluripotent cell fractions, conditioning medium to coax neuronal morphologies were employed to generate human microphysiological in vitro primary cellular platforms. The stromal cells, sorted cells and coaxed neuronal like cells (CNC) manifest distinct phenotypes and genotypes. The sorted cells show enrichment of pluripotent gene markers compared to heterogeneous stromal precursor cell population while CNCs show characteristic complementation with Nestin, EN, Tra1, Musashi, NFL genes. Conclusion: We report here an in vitro human biological discard derived primary progenitor cell-based system with innate pluripotent genotype inclined towards neuronal lineage upon induction. Our study offers a possibility that human derived microphysiological systems generated in scale owing to the source advantage may bring novel insights into the design and choice of next generation assessment methodologies in testing neurotoxicity, neurovirulence like non-clinical safety parameters surrounding vaccines and drugs for safe delivery in line with FDA’s advice to the global industry.
Efficacy of the combined administration of low dose aspirin and low molecular weight heparin in unexplained recurrent miscarriages with occasional antiphospholipid antibody positivity: A case report and literature review
Authors: Takayanagi Yuko , Ota Kuniaki , Tajima Mariko , Hiraoka Kenichiro , Takahashi Toshifumi , Kawai Kiyotaka
Published: April 2022

Background: Recurrent miscarriage (RM), defined as three or more miscarriages, is estimated to occur in 1–3% of couples trying to conceive. Although several established causes of RM have been reported, the causes for half of all cases remain unexplained. Occasional antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positivity not diagnosed as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) could be a risk factor for unexplained RM. However, no established treatment has been documented for patients with occasional aPL-positivity.Case presentation: This patient with unexplained infertility underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and experienced three continuous miscarriages, including chemical pregnancy. The general screening for RM detected only aPL-IgG. However, the negative result obtained by the retest 12 weeks later suggested the case as an unexplained RM with occasional aPL-positivity not diagnosed with APS. Low-dose aspirin (LDA; enteric-coated aspirin tablet, 100 mg once daily) as an anticoagulant was administered on the day of embryo transfer (ET) and continued until a successful clinical pregnancy was determined. Although implantation was achieved with this intervention, a successful clinical pregnancy could not be achieved. Thereafter, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH; 10,000 IU every 12 h) and LDA (enteric-coated aspirin tablet, 100 mg once daily) were administered everyday starting on the day of ET and continued till 14 and 28 weeks of gestation, respectively. On day 16 post-ET, the serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin concentration was elevated to 2562.0 IU/L, and an ultrasound confirmed the pregnancy. The patient successfully completed the course of pregnancy and delivered a viable female neonate (3010 g) at 40 weeks and 3 days of gestation.Conclusions: This case demonstrated that the combination therapy of LMWH and LDA led to a successful pregnancy and live birth in a patient with occasional aPL-positivity but not APS. However, further clinical trials are required to confirm the efficacy of the combined therapy of LMWH and LDA in patients with unexplained RM associated with occasional aPL-positivity.
Determination of the anti-glioblastoma effect of artesunate and its potential targets through RNA-seq data analysis
Authors: ren zijing , zhao qiang , Tian Jing , li Xingyue , wang yue , Sang ming , Zhou peiyang
Published: April 2022

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an invasive brain tumor that lacks effective treatment methods. This study examined the effects and molecular mechanisms of Artesunate (ART) in GBM using both in vivo and in vitro methods and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Methods and Results: The effects of ART were assessed in vitro using GBM cells and in vivo using tumor-bearing nude mice. ART significantly suppressed GBM cell proliferation, facilitated apoptosis, and induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. However, ROS scavengers reversed the growth inhibitory and apoptotic effects of ART on GBM cells. In the mouse model of GBM, ART effectively inhibited cancer development without inducing toxicity. RNA-seq of ART-treated and untreated cells revealed 389 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 145 upregulated and 244 downregulated DEGs. Furthermore, the DEGs were applied to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes analysis. The downregulated DEGs were mostly related to tumor-related pathways, such as the cell cycle, cell molecule adhesion, and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction. In addition, analyses using the Molecular Complex Detection algorithm and protein-protein interaction network were performed on those DEGs, and HMMR, CDC20, CCNB1, and THBS1, which may play key roles in ART-treated GBM cells, were identified. These results were validated via quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Conclusions: Overall, our results illustrated the anti-GBM effects of ART and the possible mechanisms involved.
“My life has changed suddenly!”Psycho-social problems in mothers of children with cancer
Authors: DURAN Songül , TEKİR Özlem , KIRATLI Didem
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to better understand the psycho-social problems in mothers of children with cancer.Methods: This a qualitative phenomenological study. The sample consisted of a total of 15 mothers. Results: The study determined six main themes. The theme of “first reactions of the mothers when they learned the diagnosis of their child” comprised of four sub-themes, including “shock”, “sadness”, “fear” and “denial”. As the second main theme, “the effects of the disease on mothers” had two sub-themes, including “sadness” and “hope”. The third theme was “changes in the family” due to the diagnosis and included two subthemes: “support of family members for each other” and “disruption of family routines”. The fourth theme was “involvement in society”, including sub-themes of “restricted social relationships” and “increased social support by calling”. As the fifth theme, the “difficulties related to the disease and treatment” had one subtheme, named “disease-related pain”. The sixth theme was “increased support factors”, including two sub-themes: “need for expert support” and “financial support”.Conclusions: Nursing interventions can help mother of children with cancer cope with disease-related difficulties by providing adequate care and support during the disease process.
Site-specific distant metastases and overall survival in sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: A study of 378 patients
Authors: xing zibao , Chen Yongjie , Cai Gaoping , Chen Shiwei
Published: April 2022

Objective: To assess the association between patterns of distant metastases and overall survival(OS), and identify the prognostic factors for site-specific distant metastases.Methods: Data from the SEER database between 2004 and 2016 were analyzed, OS between different groups were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-rank test, prognostic factors associated with OS were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.Results: The median OS of patients with one and multiple metastatic sites was 5 and 3 months, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=15.544, P <0.001).The median OS of patients with bone metastases only, brain metastases only, liver metastases only, and lung metastases only was 6,5,3, and 5 months, respectively, with no significant difference(χ2=4.643, P = 0.200).Metastatic sites, surgery, and chemotherapy were prognostic factors for the entire cohort; surgery and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for patients with lung metastases only and multiple sites of metastases, and surgery was independent prognostic factors for patients with bone metastases only.Conclusion: The specific sites of distant metastases were independent prognostic factors affecting the OS. For patients with one site of distant metastases, the specific type of distant metastatic site did not affect the OS. Nephrectomy reduced the risk of mortality in patients with lung metastases only, bone metastases only and multiple sites of distant metastases.Chemotherapy reduced the risk of mortality in patients with lung metastases only and multiple sites of distant metastases, but it was not found to reduce the risk of mortality in patients with bone metastases only.
Complete genome sequences of a novel genotype of citrus tristeza virus infecting Chinese wild mandarin (Citrus daoxianensis S.W. He) in China
Authors: Li Shuanghua , Zhou jun , Yi Long , Huang Aijun , Han Rongyan , You Ping
Published: April 2022

A moderate sequence heterogeneity isolate (JY-2) of CTV infecting Chinese wild mandarin (C. daoxianensis S.W. He) in were examined by RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Complete genomic sequences of JY-2 consisted of 19112 nucleotides (nts) were determined. Based on evidence of genomic characteristics, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic analysis of JY-2, one putative novel CTV genotypes JY should be considered. RT-PCR results showed that JY genotype was only in Chinese wild mandarin (C. daoxianensis) trees from Jiangyong (Hunan Province), China. These results will underpin further understanding of the molecular diversity of CTV and will provide a new insight into its evolution.
Pseudoaneurysms formation with hemoptysis after thoracic aortic dissection stent implantation: a case report
Authors: Liao Sheng , Li Xiaoyang , Lu Wei , Hu Qiang , Zhang Hongkun
Published: April 2022

Background: Aortic dissection is a surgical emergency. It refers to a pathological change in which the blood in the aortic lumen enters the media of the aorta from the tear of the intima of the aorta, which separates the media and expands along the long axis of the aorta. This results in a pathological change in the separation of the true and false lumens of the aorta. Blood pressure and aortic middle layer disease are the main causes of aortic dissection. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) can successfully treat this disease. However, pseudoaneurysm formation is a common and important complication after TEVAR, and its rupture is life-threatening. Pseudoaneurysm formation can be found in patients after TEVAR, which requires reoperation.Case presentation: A 43-year-old Chinese man was hospitalized with "sudden hemoptysis with chest and back pain and fever for 4 hours. Examination in the emergency room revealed a thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm with hematoma formation after aortic dissection stenting, which compressed the left lower lung. The patient's symptoms disappeared after a second thoracic aortogram stent implantation.Conclusions: Patients with acute aortic dissection should be treated with caution. Especially for patients with aortic pseudoaneurysm after aortic dissection stent implantation, the local arterial wall is relatively weak after stent implantation, and continuous bulging may form pseudoaneurysm. Continuous progression of pseudoaneurysm and hematomas compression of lung tissue leading to hemoptysis are relatively rare in clinical practice. If not handled in time, large-scale lung tissue necrosis and para-stent infection or asphyxia are likely to occur. In case of symptomatic pseudoaneurysm formation, aortic angiogram stent implantation should be performed in time.
Determination Vulnerable Areas to Pollutants in Drinking Water Basins Based on Integrated Approach
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ayfer
Published: April 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A simple wall in front of the greenhouses
Authors: Ninahuaman Henry Javier , Callupe Liz Alderete , Gallardo Carlos Arauzo , Chávez Helen Olivares
Published: April 2022

This paper compares the feasibility of a quincha wall versus a greenhouse as microclimate creation technologies under conditions of aggressive wind and extreme cold temperature. After evaluating with a completely randomised two-factor design: Type of microclimate (greenhouse and wind shear wall) and vegetable species (cabbage, coriander and lettuce) and evaluate the parameters of wind intensity, temperature, number of sprouts with the comparisons between the two factors, number of sprouts with the comparisons of means by Tukey's posthoc statistic with answers of percentage of production and luminosity, it is concluded the existence and viability of the cultivation of vegetables in frigid zones with the generation of microclimates both with greenhouse and with only a wind cutting wall when demonstrating non significant differences of simultaneous CIs of 95% of Tukey in growth, evolution of sprouts, production and quality of product by colorimetry.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DE MULHERES EM CARGOS DE LIDERANÇA ATUANDO NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA COVID-19 EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO HOSPITALAR
Authors: Pinto Denise Silva , Vieira Adriane , Silva Karla Rona da
Published: April 2022

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar os desafios vivenciados por nove mulheres que ocupavam cargos de chefia e atuavam no enfrentamento da Covid-19, em uma organização hospitalar. O método utilizado foi o estudo de caso. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo e geraram quatro categorias temáticas: estilos de liderança; mudanças na rotina de trabalho; fatos marcantes da pandemia; e desafios da pós-pandemia. As diferenças no estilo de liderança foram descritas por meio de estereótipos de gênero. A rotina de trabalho na pandemia gerou novos processos e protocolos e as equipes precisaram ser treinadas. As mulheres se sentiram desafiadas a provar que eram capazes de exercer suas funções gerenciais como seus colegas homens. As estratégias de superação adotadas foram paciência, persistência e foco na gestão de pessoas. O pós-pandemia traz como desafio a necessidade de dar atenção à saúde física e emocional das equipes. Concluiu-se que necessidade de reabilitação psicológica dos profissionais é essencial, bem como a reflexão sobre as ações estratégicas empregadas no gerenciamento da crise e seus resultados.
Cancelled Time
Authors: Döcker Georg
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected contemporary performing arts in several ways, not least in the form of mass cancellations of performances and production processes in many countries around the world in the year 2020. In this article, I propose to view the interruption of performative processes as the event of a time of cancellation: the transition of unrealised futures into the past, where they persist as past futures and reservoirs of what could have been. The time of cancellation from performance is juxtaposed with the cancellation of time from the politics or anti-politics of proto-fascism during the pandemic. Proto-fascist tendencies are analysed in terms of their desire for a suicidal state which signifies the will for total sovereignty over life and death and time in the moment of self-destruction. In proposing to view the time of cancellation and the cancellation of time as a political constellation of cancelled time, I argue for the politicisation of past futures from performance as a counter-measure to the destruction of the future in proto-fascism.
Powerlessness as Potential
Authors: Argyropoulou Gigi , Döcker Georg , Katsouraki Eve
Published: April 2022

In this interview piece, the theorist, practitioner and curator Gigi Argyropoulou discusses current forms of political theatre in public spaces that she’s been involved with. She focuses particularly on her work with Eight (Το Οχτώ), the Green Park and the Embros Theatre, all of which are theatre projects situated in central Athens, in Greece. She analyses the dynamics of creating work collectively as a group of practitioners that share similar political and artistic objectives. The interview took place during the Covid pandemic which Argyropoulou discusses in relation to how it has affected her practice and the practice of performance projects she was currently running. Her analysis of the problematics and aspirations of a collective aesthetic in performance-making, discussed in relation to the occupy movement and the future of political performance in public spaces, offers us a sobering yet optimistic view of theatre in times of crisis as well as of the potential of theatre-making in future radical projects of protest, collectivity, and resistance.
Report on the 25th Polish Conference “Philosophy of Sustainable Development” (Warsaw, 19 January 2022)
Authors: Klimska Agnieszka
Published: April 2022

The SEeB Editorial Team do not provide abstract for the published reports.
Prognostic Signature and Discrimination Signature of Lung Adenocarcinoma
based on Pyroptosis-Related Genes
Authors: Chen Gang , Li Guo-Sheng , Lu Hui-Ping , Gao Li , Li Jian-Di , He Rong-Quan , Zhou Hua-Fu , Chen Shang-Wei , Liu Jun , Fu Zong-Wang , Kong Jin-Liang , Zeng Jiang-Hui , He Juan
Published: April 2022

Background:

The clinical value of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma
(LUAD) remains obscure.

Objective:

The study attempts to explore PRGs in LUAD, which will enable an understanding of
LUAD from the perspective of PRGs.

Method:

Lung adenocarcinoma patients were diagnosed using pathology, and their clinical information
was collected from several public databases. A PRGs prognostic signature (PPS) for LUAD
patients was established based on a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The differential expression
of PRGs was identified using standardized mean differences in 6,958 samples. The area under
the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive effects of the PPS to determine the survival
rate of LUAD patients. Decision curve analysis was utilized to assess the clinical significance of
the PPS in LUAD.

Results:

The PPS consists of five PRGs, namely CASP3, CASP9, GSDMB, NLRP1, and TNF. The
prognostic effect of the PPS is evident in all the predicted one-, three-, and five-year survival rates
(AUCs ≥ 0.58). The PPS represents an independent risk factor for the prognosis of LUAD patients
(hazard ratio > 1; 95% confidence interval excluding 1). The PPS risk score can predict the prognosis
of LUAD patients more accurately than PRGs of the PPS and multiple clinical parameters,
such as age, tumor stage, and clinical stage. The decision curve analysis revealed that the nomogram
based on the PPS and clinical parameters might result in better clinical decisions.

Conclusion:

The PPS makes it feasible to distinguish LUAD from non-LUAD. Thus, the underlying
significance of the PPS in distinguishing LUAD from non-LUAD is promising.
Abnormalities of hsa-mir-16 and hsa-mir-124 Affect Mitochondrial Function
and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Xu Li-Chun , Yu Yue , Ge Xing , Wang Lu-Shan , Wang Xu-Xu
Published: April 2022

Background:

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart
disease in clinical practice. It is mainly due to cardiovascular hypoplasia during embryonic development.
The study aimed to find the etiology of TOF.

Method:

Through the mRNA expression profile analysis of the GSE35776 dataset, differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) were found, and the functional analysis and protein-protein interaction
(PPI) network analysis were then performed on DEGs. Likewise, the hub genes and functional
clusters of DEGs were analyzed using the PPI network. Differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed
from the GSE35490 dataset, followed by miRNet predicted transcription factors (TFs) and
target genes. The key TF-miRNA-gene interaction mechanism was explored through the found
significant difference between genes and target genes.

Results:

A total of 191 differentially expressed genes and 57 differentially expressed miRNAs
were identified. The main mechanisms involved in TOF were mitochondria-related and energy metabolism-
related molecules and pathways in GO and KEGG analysis. This discovery was identical
in TFs and target genes. The key miRNAs, hsa-mir-16 and hsa-mir-124, were discovered by the
Venn diagram. A co-expression network with the mechanism of action centered on two miRNAs
was made.

Conclusion:

Hsa-mir-16 and hsa-mir-124 are the key miRNAs of TOF, which mainly regulate the
expression of NT5DC1, ECHDC1, HSDL2, FCHO2, and ACAA2 involved in the conversion of
ATP in the mitochondria and the metabolic rate of fatty acids (FA). Our research provides key
molecules and pathways into the etiology of TOF, which can be used as therapeutic targets.
Combination of Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Experiments on LPSinduced A549 Cells to Explore the Molecular Mechanisms of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction Treating Pneumonia
Authors: Yang Wenjie , Jiang Wei , Liu Jun , Zhao Xuequn
Published: April 2022

Objective:

Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJDD) was shown to exert therapeutic effect on pneumonia for a long time in China. However, its pharmacological mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Methods:

The active compounds and target proteins of HLJDD were screened from TCMSP and the targets of pneumonia were obtained from GeneCards. GO and KEGG enrichment were applied in this study. Networks were established by Cytoscape with R-Bioconductor. The affinity between components and targets were detected by molecular docking. Finally, active ingredients and targets were selected to be verified in an inflammatory model established in LPS-induced A549 cells. CCK8 proliferation assay and western blot were performed to test the relative indicators.

Results:

102 bioactive components and 205 targets from 4 herbs in HLJDD were collected. 68 potential therapeutic targets and 55 corresponding compounds were screened to establish the networks. 4 active compounds (quercetin, wogonin, kaempferol and baicalein) and 5 hub genes (IL6, AKT1, CXCL8, CCL2 and IL1B) were then selected to make molecular docking. The results indicated that quercetin and wogonin had better affinity with CXCL8, CCL2 or IL1B. In vitro experiments revealed that both quercetin and wogonin could decrease the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis of A549 cells injured by LPS. The expression CXCL8, CCL2 or IL1B were down-regulated after quercetin or wogonin treating, compared with LPS-induced A549 cells (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The current study suggested that the mechanism of HLJDD treating pneumonia might be inhibiting the apoptosis through targeting the inflammatory factors mainly by quercetin and wogonin.
Amyloid-beta Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Alzheimer’s Disease:
Long Road Ahead
Authors: Dai Yuxuan , Lei Chenyi , Zhang Zhenhao , Qi Yan , Lao Kejing , Gou Xingchun
Published: April 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory impairment and cognitive decline. The obvious pathological features of AD are still amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Development of disease-modifying treatments for AD has been challenging, with almost all drugs aborted. The amyloid cascade concept has been questioned due to the failures of various amyloid-targeting prospects. Despite this, targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) active im-munotherapy provided some positive results to support this hypothesis and clinical trials of these candidates are ongoing. In this review, we describe the latest advance in therapeutic strategies based on amyloidogenic processing and evaluate the pros and cons of each treatment strategy. We also highlight the current status of the hottest immunotherapy and discuss the future development direc-tion.
Clinical Combinatorial Treatments Based on Cancer Vaccines: Combination
with Checkpoint Inhibitors and Beyond
Authors: Zamyatnin Andrey A. , Soltani Mojdeh , Savvateeva Lyudmila V. , Ganjalikhani-Hakemi Mazdak
Published: April 2022

The efficacy of the cancer vaccine is influenced by several factors, but one of the most important is the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which can attenuate treatment ef-fects. The combination of therapeutic cancer vaccines with other immunotherapies or conventional therapeutic approaches can promote vaccine efficacy by increasing immune surveillance and tumor immunogenicity and modulating immune escape in the tumor microenvironment. Inhibitory check-points have a significant role in the modulation of anticancer immune responses, and according to preclinical and clinical trials, administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with cancer vaccines can markedly improve their therapeutic effects, considering their low clinical efficacy. In addition, these combinatorial therapies have acceptable safety and minimal additional toxicity compared to single-agent cancer vaccines or ICIs. In this review, based on the results of previous studies, we introduce and discuss treatments that can be combined with therapeutic cancer vaccines to improve their potency. Our major focus is on checkpoint blockade therapies, which are the most well-known and applicable immunotherapies.
Flavonoids: A Reservoir of Drugs from Nature
Authors: Malla Ali Mohammed , Dar Bashir Ahmad , Isaev Abdulgalim B. , Lone Yaqoob , Banday Mudasir Rashid
Published: April 2022

Flavonoids are associated with many plants and dietary foods; their chemical study has always
attracted the interest of chemists working in the area of natural products and synthetic chemistry.
Research in phytochemistry has produced many useful drugs. The analogs of flavonoids exhibit anticancer,
anti-tuberculosis, anti-diabetic, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative,
anti-spermatogenic, and antipsychotic activities. This review article highlights flavonoids'
significance and medicinal application and displays a comparative overview of the biological
activities of flavonoids and flavonoid derivatives. It covers almost all necessary reports for future directions
in drug discovery.