bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polysaccharide extract of Spirulina sp. increases effector immune-cell killing activities against cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Panya Aussara , Wathikthinnakon Methi , Thepmalee Chutamas , Chiawpanit Chutipa , Panwong Suthida , Wutti-in Yupanun , Vongchan Preeyanat , Klangsinsirikul Phennapha , Sattayawat Pachara , Pekkoh Jeeraporn
Published: October 2024

Cyanobacteria and algae serving as promising food supplements have recently garnered attention for their emerging potential in anti-cancer activity. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or bile duct cancer is one of the top-leading cancers affecting people, particularly in Asian continent. With patients exhibiting no or minimal symptoms in the early stages, advanced CCA is often diagnosed, and primary treatments such as surgery may not be suitable. Discovery of natural bioactive compounds for cancer treatments have, thus, attracted attention as one of the effective means to combat CCA or to supplement primary treatments. In this work, ethanolic and polysaccharide extracts of cyanobacteria and algae were tested for their cytotoxicity against 2 CCA cell lines (KKU055 and KKU213A). The ethanolic extracts from Leptolyngbya sp. and Chlorella sp. demonstrated growth inhibition of both CCA cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.658 mg/mL and 0.687 mg/mL for KKU055, and 0.656 mg/mL and 0.450 mg/mL for KKU213A. In contrast, only the polysaccharide extracts from Sargassum spp. exhibited a remarkable cytotoxic effect, while the polysaccharide extract from Spirulina sp. showed slight effect only at a higher concentration (2 mg/mL). All tested extracts were further investigated for improving immune cell killing ability and showed that Spirulina sp. polysaccharide extract was able to improve the immune cell killing ability. This extract was then investigated for its effects on the immune cell population, which demonstrated to have positive impact on NK cell population. To further explore the potential use, synergistic effect of Spirulina sp. polysaccharide extract with an already-in-use chemotherapeutic drug, gemcitabine, on immune cell cytotoxicity was investigated. The results showed that the immune cell cytotoxicity was enhanced in the co-treatment compared to the use of each treatment separately. The most apparent difference was observed in KKU055 cells where % living cells were reduced from 78.96% (immune cell alone) to 20.93% when the combined gemcitabine and Spirulina sp. extracts were used.
Health literacy among people at risk or with type 2 diabetes in Norwegian primary care—A cross sectional study
Authors: Vågenes Silje Therese , Graue Marit , Igland Jannicke , Kolltveit Beate-Christin Hope , Riise Hilde Kristin Refvik
Published: October 2024

Aims

This study aims to describe health literacy for people at risk of type 2 diabetes and people with type 2 diabetes using the HLS-EU-Q12, and further examine the association between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, well-being, overall health and quality of life, and health literacy.

Material and methods

We performed a cross-sectional study among 142 people at risk of type 2 diabetes and 75 people with type 2 diabetes from four primary care clinics in Norway. These data are baseline data from a randomized controlled trial which seeks to evaluate an interprofessional follow-up intervention. Multiple regression analysis was applied to explore associations to health literacy.

Results

Inadequate health literacy (sum score <33) was found among 30.2% of people at risk of type 2 diabetes and among 25.7% of people with type 2 diabetes. For people at risk of type 2 diabetes, higher level of education was significantly associated with higher health literacy. Better well-being and quality of life was significantly associated with higher health literacy for both groups.

Conclusions

The primary health care services should pay greater attention to assessing HL, well-being, and quality of life to facilitate the identification of people at risk of type 2 diabetes with insufficient self- management strategies to prevent or delay the development of manifest disease and its complications.
Infants infer and predict coherent event interactions: Modeling cognitive development
Authors: Theuer Johanna K. , Koch Nadine N. , Gumbsch Christian , Elsner Birgit , Butz Martin V.
Published: October 2024

Mental representations of the environment in infants are sparse and grow richer during their development. Anticipatory eye fixation studies show that infants aged around 7 months start to predict the goal of an observed action, e.g., an object targeted by a reaching hand. Interestingly, goal-predictive gaze shifts occur at an earlier age when the hand subsequently manipulates an object and later when an action is performed by an inanimate actor, e.g., a mechanical claw. We introduce CAPRI2 (Cognitive Action PRediction and Inference in Infants), a computational model that explains this development from a functional, algorithmic perspective. It is based on the theory that infants learn object files and events as they develop a physical reasoning system. In particular, CAPRI2 learns a generative event-predictive model, which it uses to both interpret sensory information and infer goal-directed behavior. When observing object interactions, CAPRI2 (i) interprets the unfolding interactions in terms of event-segmented dynamics, (ii) maximizes the coherence of its event interpretations, updating its internal estimates and (iii) chooses gaze behavior to minimize expected uncertainty. As a result, CAPRI2 mimics the developmental pathway of infants’ goal-predictive gaze behavior. Our modeling work suggests that the involved event-predictive representations, longer-term generative model learning, and shorter-term retrospective and active inference principles constitute fundamental building blocks for the effective development of goal-predictive capacities.
The dietary effects of two strain probiotics (Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis) on growth performance, immune response and gut microbiota in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Paritova Assel , Nurgaliyev Akylbek , Nurgaliyeva Gulbaram , Abekeshev Nurzhan , Abuova Altynay , Zakirova Faruza , Zwierzchowski Grzegorz , Kuanchaleyev Zhaxygali , Issabekova Saltanat , Kizatova Maigul , Sayakova Zaure , Zhanabayeva Dinara , Kukhar Yelena , Stozhkov Ruslan , Aitkozhina Botagoz , Mayer Yevgeniy , Bayantassova Svetlana , Satbek Angsar , Andruchshak Alexandr , Kushaliyev Kaissar
Published: October 2024

The aquaculture industry has been growing rapidly over the past few decades to meet future animal protein demands. However, intensive aquaculture industry faces challenges such as growth abnormalities, high mortality rates, water quality and intestinal health deterioration. Administering probiotics can serve as a nutritional strategy to enhance the immune system and growth performance of fish influxes of gut microbiota. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of two dietary probiotic strains L. mesenteroides and L. lactis on the growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were fed with basal and experimental diet supplemented by both L. mesenteroides and L. lactis bacteria at 106 cell/g for 8 weeks. Feeding a combination of L. mesenteroides and L. lactis resulted in significant improvements in feed utilization parameters (PER and FER) (P < 0.001), alternative complement pathway activity, intestinal lactic acid bacteria count (P < 0.012), mucus secretion (P < 0.002) and peroxidase activity (P < 0.001) compared to the control groups. Serum lysozyme activity also exhibited a significant increase in the L. mesenteroides and L. lactis dietary group (P < 0.011) compared to the control and single probiotic supplemented diet groups. Furthermore, Nile tilapia fed the L. mesenteroides and L. lactis supplemented diet showed enhanced growth performance metrics (weight gain, final weight and specific growth rate) compared to those fed control and single probiotic supplemented diets (P < 0.022). Additionally, superoxide dismutase activity was significantly elevated in the L.mesenteroides and L. lactis supplemented diet groups compared to the control and single L.mesenteroides supplemented diet groups (P < 0.017). These findings strongly indicate that a dietary combination of L. mesenteroides and L. lactis probiotics could function as a beneficial immunostimulant feed supplement in Nile tilapia aquaculture.
Epstein-Barr virus reactivation induces divergent abortive, reprogrammed, and host shutoff states by lytic progression
Authors: SoRelle Elliott D. , Haynes Lauren E. , Willard Katherine A. , Chang Beth , Ch’ng James , Christofk Heather , Luftig Micah A.
Published: October 2024

Viral infection leads to heterogeneous cellular outcomes ranging from refractory to abortive and fully productive states. Single cell transcriptomics enables a high resolution view of these distinct post-infection states. Here, we have interrogated the host-pathogen dynamics following reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). While benign in most people, EBV is responsible for infectious mononucleosis, up to 2% of human cancers, and is a trigger for the development of multiple sclerosis. Following latency establishment in B cells, EBV reactivates and is shed in saliva to enable infection of new hosts. Beyond its importance for transmission, the lytic cycle is also implicated in EBV-associated oncogenesis. Conversely, induction of lytic reactivation in latent EBV-positive tumors presents a novel therapeutic opportunity. Therefore, defining the dynamics and heterogeneity of EBV lytic reactivation is a high priority to better understand pathogenesis and therapeutic potential. In this study, we applied single-cell techniques to analyze diverse fate trajectories during lytic reactivation in three B cell models. Consistent with prior work, we find that cell cycle and MYC expression correlate with cells refractory to lytic reactivation. We further found that lytic induction yields a continuum from abortive to complete reactivation. Abortive lytic cells upregulate NFκB and IRF3 pathway target genes, while cells that proceed through the full lytic cycle exhibit unexpected expression of genes associated with cellular reprogramming. Distinct subpopulations of lytic cells further displayed variable profiles for transcripts known to escape virus-mediated host shutoff. These data reveal previously unknown and promiscuous outcomes of lytic reactivation with broad implications for viral replication and EBV-associated oncogenesis.
Stand-up comedy to the screen: A satirical autoethnographic approach
Authors: Leder Marilyn
Published: October 2024

Disrupting conventional screenwriting practice, several Australian stand-up comedians have used their stand-up comedy personas and material within a satirical autoethnographic approach to develop their narrative television comedy series. Stand-up comedians use autoethnographic tools of personal experience and a critique of cultural beliefs, with a satirical comedic style to develop onstage material. Their unique ‘point of view’ that may challenge societal norms, together with their cultural identity, contributes to their onstage persona. Stand-up comedy has democratized the Australian screen by giving diverse creators a platform to prove their talent and provide proof that there is an audience for their projects. This study examines how Australian stand-up comics, Josh Thomas and Kitty Flanagan, use a satirical autoethnographic approach to critique cultural beliefs, such as those relating to gender, sexuality and age, within their stand-up comedy and further develop their stage personas and material to create their respective narrative television comedy series, Please Like Me (2013–16) and Fisk (2021–22). The author will discuss how she similarly used satirical autoethnography to develop her Melbourne International Comedy Festival show, The MILF Next Door, subverting cultural expectations relating to mature divorced mothers. Finally, the author will discuss how aspects of her show may be developed for narrative television comedy using satirical autoethnographic approaches.
Adaptation screenplays as performance texts: Axiological linguistic acts in a case of Basque writing
Authors: Theo L. J.
Published: October 2024

Rather than being a ‘blueprint’ statement of instruction, and following propositions made by Thomas Leitch, adaptation screenplays are ‘recipes’ that both record a ‘doing’ and serve as a performance space of engagement with production teams. This is explicable in terms of how they propose a new enargeia by way of clear narrative idea that they frame through quasi-recursive recontextualization of both the literary field and the specifics of originary texts and then express via an integrated set of linguistic acts by way of axiological statement of intentionality for a film of a particular sort. The progression of this logic is explained through exploration of a seminal instance of Basque literature-to-film adaptation of Bernard Atxaga’s book Obabakoak, written as a screenplay for the film Obaba by Montxo Armendáriz.
Obra Completa Pombalina. Volume 1: Escritos de Inglaterra (1738-1739). Tomo I: Escritos de Inglaterra (1738-1743)
Authors: Faria Ana Leal
Published: October 2024

É bem conhecida a importância histórica do Marquês de Pombal e da sua ação política e diplomática, que o tornaram num dos políticos portugueses mais marcantes e de maior projeção internacional. Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, diplomata da corte portuguesa junto da corte inglesa e da corte austríaca, e depois “Primeiro-Ministro” de D. José I, legou à posteridade uma vasta obra por ele escrita ou inspirada diretamente. Poucos projetos terão maior capacidade para renovar o conhecimento do passado de um povo como os que se propõem levantar e editar os escritos e obras dos seus mais relevantes protagonistas. Além de alto serviço cultural, trazendo ao domínio público uma herança soterrada nos arquivos, permitem erguer o conhecimento histórico sobre uma base de solidez ineludível, potenciando interpretações sempre mais criteriosas. É este o intento do projeto desta edição: trazer a público o Corpus Pombalino, por ele entendendo a obra escrita, elaborada ou monitorizada pelo Marquês de Pombal, figura central do século das Luzes, a exemplo de trabalhos similares realizados no âmbito da história da idade moderna para figuras como Frederico II da Prússia ou o Cardeal Richelieu. Urgia, pois, conduzir um projeto desta natureza para o caso do Marquês de Pombal, criando condições para clarear a nublosa interpretativa que ainda paira sobre esta personalidade tão relevante da nossa história, pois desperta amiúde reações extremadas e distanciadas da serenidade das tarefas críticas.
Identifying the Hiccup-Induced Esophagogastric Waveform: A Case Series Report Using High-Resolution Manometry
Authors: Félix-Téllez Francisco Alejandro , Jiménez-Castillo Raúl Alberto , Remes-Troche José María
Published: October 2024

Hiccups result from involuntary contractions of the diaphragm, driven by a complex neuromuscular reflex. Three patients with persistent hiccups underwent esophageal high-resolution manometry during hiccup episodes, revealing a consistent finding: sustained contraction of the esophagogastric junction with intermittent pressure peaks. This pattern, termed the “Hiccup-Induced Esophagogastric Waveform,” shows significant esophageal pressure changes linked to hiccup reflex. It may reflect a compensatory mechanism to expel excess esophageal residue or gas. These findings suggest hiccups could exacerbate symptoms of esophageal disorders, such as dysphagia and chest pain, and highlight the need for targeted therapeutic strategies. Further research is needed to explore these mechanisms.
Ageing effects on the mechanical properties stability of 3D printed material under compression
Authors: Drechslerová Veronika , Krčmářová Nela , Falta Jan , Fíla Tomáš
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with the examination of the ageing effects on the mechanical properties stability of 3D printed material via stereolithography under compression when subjected to various conditions, including UV radiation, X-rays, and the effects of time, from the opening of the bottle with the material to the 3D-printing process. The sets of samples under investigation were subjected to quasi-static and dynamic compression loading using an Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. The aim of this paper is to investigate the long-term stability of the samples in terms of their mechanical properties and material behaviour and their degradation pattern. Despite the manufacturer’s information, it was found that the mechanical behaviour of the printed samples was significantly affected by the ageing process.
Comparison of elastic properties of periodic and aperiodic porous structures produced by additive methods
Authors: Grabiec Radosław , Tarasiuk Jacek , Wroński Sebasatian , Pillon Gianpaolo
Published: October 2024

The aim of this work was to design, print, and examine elastic properties of porous structures with various parameters and beam distributions. These structures, generated using an algorithm, featured three types of lattices: octet, cubic, and Voronoi diagram-based, with different porosities (40 %, 60 %, 80 %) and beam sizes (0.45 mm, 0.66 mm). They were printed using Direct Light Processing and examined using X-ray computed microtomography. Compression tests were conducted to determine the Young’s modulus. The results were compared with computer simulations performed using Abaqus. The tools used, such as 3D printing and X-ray computed microtomography, were described, and the results and conclusions of the tests were presented. As a result, comparable outcomes were obtained for structures with higher beam diameter, while significantly different results were observed for structures with lower beam diameter.
The use of KAAPS in newspapers
Authors: de Vries Anastasia
Published: October 2024

In the increasingly competitive media landscape newspapers, among others, are under pressure from digital and social media. As a result, the performance and positioning of traditional Afrikaans newspapers like Rapport, Beeld, Die Burger and Volksblad, as well as the forms of Afrikaans they use, are constantly scrutinised in surveys about the relevance and profitability of the Afrikaans print media. These surveys often point to the use of Afrikaans ‘as spoken by the people’ in emerging newspapers like Son and, Son op Sondag, as the main reason for the growing popularity, healthy sales figures and advertising revenue of these two newspapers. As a result, Son developed into the largest Afrikaans daily in an Afrikaans print market long dominated by established titles like Beeld, Die Burger and Volksblad. In view of this, this contribution will firstly investigate the profitability (in monetary terms and circulation) of actually using Kaaps in newspapers. Secondly, it will focus attention on the use of this form of Afrikaans in traditional newspapers in which Standard Afrikaans is the dominant form. The question is: What is the nature of the Kaaps in these newspapers compared to the Kaaps in Son specifically? The aim of this contribution is to explore how Afrikaans newspapers create space for the use of colloquial varieties in general and Kaaps specifically, and to determine the relevance or function of Kaaps in the news domain. On the one hand the focus will be on columns in which Kaaps is the medium and on the other, on newspaper articles about the Afrikaans language variety. The data on which this paper is based were firstly, the responses to a list of questions posed to the news-editor of Son, and secondly a critical content analysis and interpretation of the manifestations of Kaaps in this newspaper in comparison to the forms in the more established Afrikaans newspapers. The general perceptions of, and attitudes towards, the use of colloquial varieties of Afrikaans, collated in a 2012 survey among readers, are also taken into account.
Soppangheid for Kaaps: Power, creolisation and Kaaps Afrikaans
Authors: Willemse Hein
Published: October 2024

In this contribution, the dignity of speakers of Cape Afrikaans (Kaaps) is discussed with reference to the need for bi-dialectic tuition at school and Afrikaans poetry written in the Cape eye dialect. It is argued here that, besides Standard Afrikaans, a greater awareness of language varieties must be cultivated in education and the media so that learners develop the ability to control a variety of language registers. Further the manifestation of Kaaps, as eye dialect, is discussed at the hand of poetry examples. Here it is found that poets often stereotypically affirm topics in their poetry written in dialect format. The hope is expressed that the dignity of Kaaps Afrikaans in poetry can be attained with multiple rhetorical strategies. The soppangheid, dignity, of Kaaps is not only a linguistic issue, but can also serve as a confirmation of the dignity of all Afrikaans speakers.
Yield Loss Due to Tuber Rot and Identification of the Causal Agents in Sweet Potatoes in Cilimus District, Kuningan Regency, West Java Province
Authors: Zahra Atiqah Luthfi Anawati , Giyanto  , Widodo
Published: October 2024

Pada tahun 2019 terjadi peningkatan insidensi busuk umbi pada tanaman ubi jalar bersamaan dengan musim hujan berkepanjangan yang melanda sebagian besar Pulau Jawa sehingga menyebabkan kehilangan hasil. Salah satu daerah yang terdampak ialah Kecamatan Cilimus, Kabupaten Kuningan, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menghitung kehilangan hasil ubi jalar yang diakibatkan oleh permasalahan busuk umbi dan mengidentifikasi penyebabnya di Kecamatan Cilimus. Kehilangan hasil akibat busuk umbi berkisar 4.3% dan 19.7% dengan rata-rata 9.4%. Jika disandingkan dengan data penurunan produksi ubi jalar di Kecamatan Cilimus dari tahun 2018 sampai tahun 2021 maka permasalahan busuk umbi tersebut menunjukkan peran yang penting terhadap penurunan produksi di daerah tersebut. Hasil identifikasi patogen mengonfirmasi Ralstonia solanacearum sebagai bakteri penyebab busuk umbi. Berdasarkan gejala morfologi diketahui bahwa R. solanacearum menjadi penyebab utama permasalahan busuk umbi (56.8%), diikuti oleh hama Cylas formicarius (29.1%), dan kombinasi keduanya (14.1%). Pola tanam dan teknik budi daya yang dilakukan oleh petani diduga memicu perkembangan permasalahan busuk umbi di area penelitian tersebut.
The Riddle of the Middle: Questioning the Interpretation of the Mixed or Middle-Class Regime of Aristotle’s Politics
Authors: Bates, Jr. Clifford Angell
Published: October 2024

This paper challenges the argument of the middle-class regime as the embodiment of the mixed regime and is presented as the best regime in practice, or the best regime in most cities. Instead of an account of the best practical regime, that is, of a specific regime form, Aristotle gives one an account on how regimes can achieve moderation and harmony – that is stability through ensuring therole of the meso, the middle, which is between the wealthy and the poor. Aristotle, in his account of this middle and its superiority to either the wealthy and the poor, we navigate through the meaning of what the middle element truly is. So, instead of an account of a specific regime type, we get an account of what moderates and stabilizes regimes generally.
‘I represent a country that wants peace.’ Compassionate leadership in Maia Sandu’s address on the 77th Session of the UN General Assembly
Authors: Wawrzyński Patryk
Published: October 2024

The paper discusses the case study of Moldovan President Maia Sandu’s speech in the general debate during the 77th Session of the United Nations General Assembly in September 2022 in the context of the war in Ukraine. It considers compassionate leadership as a communicative strategy in political crisis management and investigates the congruency between the contents of narrative and nonverbal immediacy as its measure in political communication. The presented study is based on data collected with a content analysis of the address and the automated coding of facial expressiveness with FaceReader 9 (Noldus IT) in the recording of Sandu’s speech. The timeline analysis compared the narrative with the intensity of neutrality, basic emotions, sympathy, pain, attention, emotional arousal, valence, and the RPPG-estimated heart rate, describing displayed emotionality, motivation, and physiological stress. The standardized results suggest increased nonverbal signaling of emotions, oriented towards surprise, considered a substitute expression of compassionate responsiveness, sympathy, and sadness, while violent emotions (anger, disgust, and contempt) were marginalized. Moreover, the analysis provided evidence of the consistent, verbal, and nonverbal presence of core assets of compassionate leadership in Sandu’s address to the UN General Assembly.
Women’s political activity and leadership in the Maghreb countries. A post-Arab Spring perspective
Authors: Syliwoniuk-Wapowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

The Maghreb states and their societies share many similarities, nevertheless, the level of political activity of women and the scale of female political leadership is not one of them. Women’s participation in political life is highly diversified and differs significantly among the countries of the region. The key aim of the article is to outline and analyse the scope and forms of women’s political activity and leadership in the four Maghreb countries: Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. The paper focuses on women’s presence in the parliament and in the government as well as their political leadership, including party leadership. The analysis is based on critical review of scientific literature, analytical studies and news presented by reputable media outlets. For the purpose of showing both similarities and differences between the four states comparative approach is adopted. Major changes that took place in Maghreb’s political sphere during the last decade are recalled in the paper as well as social and cultural context in which they are located. Historical perspective is also taken into consideration in the course of the analysis.
A comparative analysis of municipal pre-emption rights across Europe
Authors: Schuite S. (Sam) , Sluysmans J.A.M.A. (Jacques)
Published: October 2024

The Netherlands faces significant spatial challenges, prompting the Dutch government to consider broadening municipal pre-emption rights that provide the municipality with a right of first refusal. This article contains a comparative analysis of pre-emption rights in the Netherlands, Germany, Scotland, Flanders, and France, focusing on key principles such as material conditions, legal effect and procedure. The findings show that the Dutch system is efficient with strong safeguards for both beneficiaries and property owners. Insights from Scottish law suggest potential benefits for registering pre-emption rights on land with a continuing agricultural function. This article concludes with some general principles of European pre-emption rights, emphasizing their role in facilitating specific spatial developments rather than preserving status quo.
Property Law Theory and Building Encroachments from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Hoffmann Jan Felix
Published: October 2024

Conceptualism has a difficult standing in contemporary private law theory. This also affects discussions in property law, where the research agenda often seems primarily interested in deconceptualization. From a comparative perspective, this complicates the discourse, as many national codifications of property law still adhere to strong concepts. This anti-conceptualist bias also leads to the development of distorted narratives about concrete issues in property law. According to this narrative, property is a conceptualist barrier that prevents each case from being decided on its own merits. Accordingly, not only must property be broken down into a “bundle” of inter partes relations. The law should also focus on the outcome of disputes, which is best achieved at the remedial level. It is also in this sense that the prominent distinction between property rules and liability rules has been understood and applied. While realism serves the important purpose of preventing overly conceptualist tendencies, these narratives do not stand up to closer scrutiny of how property law concepts actually work. They also run the risk of destroying concepts where they are needed to decide cases. This essay will use the example of building encroachments in comparative property law to illustrate that anti-conceptualism often fights against the clichés created by its own protagonists. Building encroachments are, from a comparative perspective, a very concrete example of the adaptability and flexibility of property.
Autonomous single language interest predicts vocabulary achievement: the latent growth curve model approach
Authors: Alamer Abdullah , Almaghlouth Shrouq
Published: October 2024

Recently, a new construct referred to as autonomous single language interest (ASLI) has been introduced in the educational psychology field. ASLI postulates that second language (L2) students who have one autonomously oriented goal for studying the L2 during their learning setting (e.g., during university study) are likely to make greater L2 achievements than those with low ASLI. However, it remains unclear how ASLI predicts later L2 vocabulary achievement and whether its stability or fluctuation that predicts the achievement. A total of 161 Saudi undergraduate students of English as an L2 enrolled in the Department of English were followed up three times over 17 weeks. We used the latent growth curve model (LGCM) to assess the stability and fluctuation of ASLI, and to see which one stability and fluctuation predicts later L2 vocabulary knowledge. The results of the LGCM suggest that initial high levels of the ASLI (i.e. its stability), but not its fluctuation, predicted a significant increase in L2 vocabulary achievement. In other words, students who started their L2 course with an autonomous single language interest and who maintained this sole interest/goal over time appeared to have higher L2 vocabulary achievement over time. Methodological and pedagogical implications are discussed.
Crystal structure of diaqua-(hydroxido)-{μ-[2-(hydroxy)-5-[(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]benzoato]}-{2-hydroxy-5-[(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]benzoato}-(1,10-phenanthroline)-diterbium hydrate, C38H27.4N8O12.2Tb
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Mouyi , Guan Lei
Published: October 2024

C38H27.4N8O12.2Tb, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 20.2057(8) Å, b = 15.9219(8) Å, c = 11.4635(4) Å, β = 95.150(1)°, V = 3673.1(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0371, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0838, T = 193.0 K.
The crystal structure of bis(μ
2-biphenyl-2,2′-dicarboxylato)-diaqua-bis(nitrato)-bis(2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine)dineodymium(III), C46H32I2N8Nd2O16
Authors: Huang Guang , Liu Jianhui , Chen Xinyu
Published: October 2024

C46H32I2N8Nd2O16, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.6591(17) Å, b = 11.655(2) Å, c = 12.711(3) Å, α = 81.55(3)°, β = 86.62(3)°, γ = 68.50(3)°, V = 1180.5(5) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0298, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1211, T = 293(2) K.
Macrophage accumulation in dorsal root ganglion is associated with neuropathic pain in experimental autoimmune neuritis
Authors: Li Chunrong , Cao Fangzheng , Zhang Houwen , Fan Weijiao , Cheng Yifan , Lou Yao , Wang Yiqi
Published: October 2024

Background

Neuropathic pain is a common symptom of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). The infiltration of macrophages in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) contributed to neuropathic pain in nerve injury. The underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain in patients with GBS remain unknown. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a useful mice model of GBS. Our study aimed to explore whether the infiltration of macrophages in DRG is associated with neuropathic pain of EAN.

Methods

Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups, the EAN group (n = 12) and the control group (n = 12). Six mice in each group were sacrificed after anesthetization in the attack and remission phase, respectively. The 50% paw withdrawal threshold and clinical score were measured, and macrophages with its subtypes were detected in the spleen and DRG tissue.

Results

More macrophages infiltrated the DRG of the EAN group in the attack phase and mostly surrounded neurons in the DRG. The proportion of macrophages and pro-inflammatory macrophages in the spleen of mice with EAN was significantly higher than the control group in the attack phase.

Conclusion

The infiltration of macrophages in DRG might be associated with neuropathic pain of EAN and pro-inflammatory macrophages may involve in neuropathic pain of EAN.
The Characteristics And Financial Performance Of Local Governments In Indonesia: The Moderating Role Of Financial Health Level
Authors: Firmansyah Amrie , Arfiansyah Zef , Huda Arifudin Miftakhul
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study examines the effect of capital expenditure and the level of dependency on the financial performance of local governments in Indonesia. This study also includes the level of financial soundness as a moderating variable.
Method: This study uses local government financial data throughout Indonesia from www.djpk.kemenkeu.go.id. This study produced a total sample of 630 observations based on purposive sampling. Hypothesis testing was done using multiple linear regression analysis for cross-section data.
Findings: This study concludes that capital expenditure has a positive effect on local government financial performance, while the level of dependency has a negative effect on local government financial performance. In addition, the level of financial soundness does not increase the positive relationship between capital expenditure and local government financial performance. The level of financial soundness also does not reduce the negative relationship between the level of dependency and the financial performance of local governments.
Novelty: This study employs local government’s financial health as a moderating variable in the influence of capital expenditure and the level of dependence on local government financial performance in this study, which is still rarely conducted in previous studies. Also, this research contributes to providing literature related to local government financial health, which is rarely reviewed in the field of public sector accounting in Indonesia.
Gillis Coingnet y otros pintores flamencos del siglo XVI en un retablo de Santa María de la Redonda de Logroño
Authors: Ollero Butler Jacobo
Published: October 2024

Anuario del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
La presencia de la "Grazia" en la estética del Renacimiento
Authors: De la Villa Ardura Rocío
Published: October 2024

Anuario del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
Retratos de Luis González Velázquez
Authors: Gutiérrez Pastor Ismael
Published: October 2024

Anuario del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
Síntesis histórica del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
Authors: Paloma Gema
Published: October 2024

Anuario del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
Las etimologías de los posibles filipinismos del DLE no catalogados como tales y que se refieren a términos no marineros
Authors: Martín Ciprián Santiago J.
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo continúa un proyecto de revisión de las etimologías de los préstamos de las lenguas de Asia oriental que encontramos en el Diccionario de la lengua española (DLE), proyecto que tiene como objetivo el determinar el origen de esas palabras e identificar la forma exacta del étimo que ha producido el vocablo castellano correspondiente. Concretamente, se investigan aquellos posibles filipinismos que en el DLE no aparecen marcados con ninguna etiqueta etimológica y que no están referidos a términos marineros.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ГРАНИЦЫ ТОЧНОСТИ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ ОБЪЕКТОВ В ПРОСТРАНСТВАХ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ С ЗАДАННЫМИ РАССТОЯНИЯМИ
Authors: М.М. ЛАНГЕ , С.В. ПАРАМОНОВ
Published: October 2024

Исследуются нижние границы вероятности ошибки классификации объектов при фиксированных значениях количества обрабатываемой информации в пространствах представлений объектов с заданными расстояниями. Границы определяются монотонно убывающими функциями наименьшей средней взаимной информации между предъявляемыми объектами и оценками их классов от вероятности ошибки. Обращения таких функций дают нижние границы вероятности ошибки классификации при фиксированных значениях количества обрабатываемой информации. Для древовидных и векторных представлений объектов получены численные реализации указанных границ. Демонстрируется более низкая граница вероятности ошибки в пространстве векторных представлений объектов по сравнению с аналогичной границей в пространстве древовидных представлений. Отмечается возможность понижения границы вероятности ошибки путём комплексирования представлений с различными метриками.

For spaces of object representations with given distances, the lower bounds to the error probability of object classification subject to the fixed values of the amount of processed information are investigated. The bounds are defined by the strictly decreasing functions of the minimal average mutual information between the submitted objects and the estimations of their classes depending on the error probability. So, the inverse functions yield the minimal error probability for any fixed value of the average mutual information. For spaces of tree-structured and vector-based object representations, numerical realizations of the bounds are calculated. It is shown that the lower bound to the error probability is lower in the space of vector-based representations as against the similar bound in the space of tree-structured representations. Also, a possibility of decreasing the bound to the error probability by combining object representations with various distance functions is demonstrated.
МЕТОД ЗАЩИТЫ И КОНТРОЛЯ ПОДЛИННОСТИ ИЗДЕЛИЙ FDM-ПЕЧАТИ ЗА СЧЁТ ФАЗОВОГО СДВИГА ПОВЕРХНОСТНОГО СЛОЯ
Authors: П.А. ТОМАШАЙТИС , В.А. ФЕДОСЕЕВ , В.Е. БЫКОВ , Д.А. ШАПИРО
Published: October 2024

Предложен метод защиты изделий 3D -печати, выполненных при помощи технологии FDM, от несанкционированного копирования. Данный метод основан на управляемом отклонении траектории нанесения филамента на плоском участке поверхностного слоя изделия. Величина отклонения траектории линий определяется встраиваемой защитной меткой, которая играет роль водяного знака. Вносимые таким образом изменения трудно обнаружить визуально, и тем более трудно автоматически считать при сканировании формы 3D-изделия, и впоследствии воспроизвести при создании его копии. При этом проверка подлинности изделия посредством детектирования защитной метки может быть выполнена за счёт съёмки изделия цифровой камерой и специализированной обработки на основе спектрального анализа и узкополосной фильтрации.

The paper proposes a method for protecting 3D printed products made using the FDM technology from unauthorized copying. This method is based on the controlled deviation of the trajectory of filament application on a flat section of the surface layer of the product. The amount of deviation of the line trajectory is determined by the built-in security mark, which plays the role of a watermark. Changes made in this way are difficult to detect visually and even more difficult to automatically read when scanning the shape of a 3D product and subsequently reproduce it when creating its copy. In this case, verification of the authenticity of a product by detecting a security mark can be performed by shooting the product with a digital camera and specialized processing based on spectral analysis and narrow-band filtering.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ПО ИХ СПЕКТРАМ ОТРАЖЕНИЯ
Authors: С.М. БОРЗОВ , Е.С. НЕЖЕВЕНКО , С.И. ОРЛОВ , О.И. ПОТАТУРКИН , С.Б. УЗИЛОВ
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена экспериментальному изучению эффективности методов классификации зелёной растительности и маскировочных материалов по их спектральным признакам. Исследования выполнены с использованием реальных спектральных данных, полученных на многоканальном спектрографе на основе диспергирующего элемента и многоэлементной ПЗС-линейки в видимом и ближнем ИК-диапазонах длин волн. Предложена методика обработки совокупности спектральных данных с целью формирования представительной системы признаков и последующего применения адаптивных пороговых алгоритмов обнаружения объектов интереса. Исследована эффективность применения в качестве признаков для классификации типов материалов вегетационных индексов, рассчитанных для спектральных каналов при различной их ширине и при разном положении центральной длины волны. Особое внимание уделено различению свежей и подвергшейся антропогенному воздействию растительности. Экспериментально показано, что в качестве информативных признаков при классификации объектов могут быть использованы как двухканальные, так и трёхканальные индексы.

The work is devoted to the experimental study of the effectiveness of methods of classification of green vegetation and camouflage materials according to their spectral characteristics. The studies are performed using real spectral data obtained on a multichannel spectrograph based on a dispersing element and a multi-element CCD ruler in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range. A technique is proposed for processing a set of spectral data in order to form a representative system of features and subsequent application of adaptive threshold algorithms for detecting objects. The effectiveness of using vegetation indices calculated for spectral channels with different widths and at different positions of the central wavelength as signs for classifying types of materials is investigated. Special attention is paid to the detection of differences between fresh and anthropogenic vegetation. It is experimentally shown that both two-channel and three-channel indices can be used as informative features in the classification of objects.
АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ ОШИБКИ ЮСТИРОВКИ АНАЛИЗАТОРА ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНОГО ФАЗОВОГО ПОЛЯРИМЕТРА НА ПАРАМЕТРЫ ИНФОРМАТИВНОГО СИГНАЛА
Authors: А.А. ГОЛОПОЛОСОВ , А.И. ЮРИН , Г.Н. ВИШНЯКОВ , В.Л. МИНАЕВ
Published: October 2024

Приведена схема дифференциального фазового поляриметра, применяемого для исследования оптически активных веществ. Для анализа влияния ошибки юстировки вращающегося анализатора на результаты измерений угла вращения плоскости поляризации (УВПП) применено математическое моделирование процесса формирования информативного сигнала при наличии отклонения от перпендикулярности плоскости анализатора относительно оси распространения излучения. Приведены результаты исследования влияния ошибки юстировки на точность восстановления разности фаз двух гармонических сигналов. Полученные результаты позволяют выработать требования к юстировке элементов дифференциального фазового поляриметра с целью повышения точности измерений УВПП.

The purpose of this work is to improve the accuracy of measurements of the optical rotation angle (ORA) by analyzing the effect of the adjustment error of the differential phase polarimeter analyzer. The paper presents a scheme of a differential phase polarimeter used for the study of optically active substances. To analyze the effect of the alignment error of the rotating analyzer on the ORA measurements results, mathematical modeling of the process of forming an informative signal in the presence of a deviation from the perpendicular plane of the analyzer relative to the axis of radiation propagation is applied. The results of the study of the influence of the adjustment error on the accuracy of restoring the phase difference of two harmonic signals are presented. The results obtained make it possible to develop requirements for the adjustment of the elements of the differential phase polarimeter to increase the accuracy of the ORA measurements.
ПОИСК ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО СОСТАВА РЕАКЦИОННОЙ СМЕСИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ АЛГОРИТМА ИМИТАЦИИ ОТЖИГА
Authors: Э.Н. МИФТАХОВ , Д.В. ИВАНОВ
Published: October 2024

В общем виде сформулирована задача определения оптимального начального состава реакционной смеси. Описан метод решения поставленной задачи, в основе которого лежит алгоритм имитации отжига. Проведён вычислительный эксперимент для ферментативной реакции Михаэлиса - Ментен и реакции аминометилирования тиолов. Выполнен подбор параметров для эффективной работы алгоритма. С помощью представленного метода найден оптимальный исходный состав реакционной смеси, при котором достигается максимальный выход целевого продукта. Приведён анализ эффективности данного алгоритма путём сопоставления с результатами работы других методов оптимизации.

The problem of determining the optimal initial composition of the reaction mixture is formulated in general terms. A method for solving this problem based on the simulated annealing algorithm is described. Computational experiments are conducted for the Michaelis-Menten enzymatic reaction and the aminomethylation of thiols. Parameters for the efficient operation of the algorithm are selected. Using the proposed method, the optimal initial composition of the reaction mixture ensuring the maximum yield of the target product is identified. An analysis of the effectiveness of this algorithm is presented by comparing it with the results obtained from other optimization methods.
РАЗРАБОТКА ГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКОГО МУЛЬТИПЛИКАТОРА НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ
Authors: Ю.М. ЛЕКОНЦЕВ , П.В. САЖИН , Б.Л. ГЕРИКЕ , А.В. НОВИК , Ю.Б. МЕЗЕНЦЕВ
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрен вопрос создания специального устройства, позволяющего обеспечивать трансформацию давления рабочей жидкости, нагнетаемой в гидравлическую систему, для осуществления гидроразрывов в прочных горных породах. Показаны особенности работы устройства, установленные в ходе проведения лабораторных исследований, предложены пути устранения недостатков. Определены размеры и форма дроссельных канавок, обеспечивающих четкое переключение золотника управления в зависимости от параметров движения рабочей жидкости. Разработана гидравлическая схема распределителя золотникового типа со струйным управлением, что позволило увеличить точность и четкость переключения золотника.

The authors discuss the issue of engineering a special gear to change the power fluid pressure in hydraulic fracturing of strong rocks. The article describes the operation of the gear on the basis of implemented laboratory tests, and proposes the ways of eliminating deficiencies. The size and shape of choke grooves for the careful switching of the control valve subject to the power fluid flow rate are determined. The hydraulic circuit of the jet-control slide-type valve is developed. It allows improved accuracy and precision of the valve switching.