bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PRILAKU TERHADAP KESELAMATAN PENGEMUDI SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Sastrodiyoto Abadi , `Purwatiningsih Purwatiningsih , Salim Santausa Purnama , Subarto Subarto
Published: March 2022

Sejatinya sepeda motor dari segi teknis dan keselamatan, hanya diperuntukan untuk angkutan jarak pendek atau tepatnya di jalan lingkungan yang tidak padat arus lalu lintasnya. Namun di Indonesia saat ini, hal tersebut tidak diperhatikan  dansepeda motor sering dipergunakan melebihi kapasitas muatan dan jaraknya, bahkan untuk menempuh jarak yang ratusan kilo meter

 

pada masa angkutan Lebaran. Di samping itu, kepatuhan dan kesantunan pengguna sepeda motor, khususnya di kota-kota besar sangat memprihatinkan, sehingga terjadi kemacetan dan kesemrawutan yang luar biasa. Hal tersebut, berakibat pada jumlah kecelakaan yang terjadi di jalanan. Penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas dari faktor manusia terutama untuk sepeda motor tersebut, berdasarkan hasil survei yang dilakukan, diperoleh data bahwa pengetahuan/kepatuhan  pengemudi sepeda motor mengenai alat pengendali isyarat lalu lintas (APILL) atau pengatur lalu lintas (traffic light)baru mencapai 78% dari responden sebanyak 175 orang
ANALISA PENGARUH CAMPURAN BIOETANOL DALAM PREMIUM PADA SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Praja Sumantri W. , Yudhanta Ricko , P Juliaman , Djajadi Djajadi
Published: March 2022

Kelangkaan bahan bakar merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi dan umum di Negara Indonesia. Masalah ini adalah salah satu masalah yang sangat berdampak pada masyarakat, terutama masyarakat yang menggunakan sepeda motor, karena bahan bakar minyak adalah salah satu hal yang perlu digunakan bagi kendaraan. Konsumsi energi di Indonesia hampir setengahnya membutuhan bahan bakar fosil, seperti sektor  industri, sektor transportasi, sektor rumah tangga dan sektor komersial. Indonesia memerlukan pengembangan sumber energi terbarukan sebagai energi alternatif campuran bahan bakar untuk menghemat penggunaan minyak. Sebenarnya di Indonesia terdapat berbagai sumber energi terbarukan yang melimpah, sepeti biodiesel dari tanaman jarak pagar, kelapa sawit maupun kedelai untuk mesin diesel. Atau methanol dan ethanol dari biomassa, tebu, jagung, yang bisa dipergunakan sebagai pengganti bensin. Fungsi penambahan bioetanol pada bahan bakar adalah sebagai octane booster, artinya mampu menaikkan angka oktan dengan dampak positif pada efisiensi bahan bakar dan menyempurnakan pembakaran dan meminimalkan pencemaran udara. Penambahan bioetanol pada premium mampu menghasilkan emisi gas buang yang lebih baik (kandungan CO dan HC yang lebih rendah) daripada emisi yang dihasilkan oleh bahan bakar premium murni (E0). Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh data penelitian tentang hasil pengujian kandungan emisi CO dalam % vol, dan hasil pengujian kandungan emisi HC dalam ppm vol. Kandungan CO yang lebih rendah dari penggunaan bahan bakar premium murni (E0) dihasilkan oleh penggunaan bahan bakar E5 hingga E20. Kandungan HC yang lebih rendah dari penggunaan bahan bakar premium murni (E0) dihasilkan oleh penggunaan bahan bakar E5 hingga E10. Penambahan bioetanol juga berdampak pada nilai lambda. Pada putaran mesin yang sama, nilai lambda mengalami peningkatan seiring jumlah konsentrasi bioetanol dalam bahan bakar, namun semakin mendekati ideal pada putaran mesin yang semakin tinggi. Hal tersebut terjadi pada setiap variasi bahan bakar. Setelah melakukan serangkaian uji penelitian, maka komposisi penambahan bioetanol yang paling efektif menghasilkan emisi yang lebih baik (CO dan HC rendah) adalah pada komposisi 10%. Hal ini dikarenakan bahan bakar E10 menghasilkan CO yang lebih rendah dari E5 dan menghasilkan kadar HC yang paling rendah dari bahan bakar yang lain. Nilai lambda pada bahan bakar E10 masih cenderung mendekati ideal dari pada bahan bakar E15.
EVALUASI KINERJA CAKUPAN LAYANAN TRAYEK ANGKUTAN PERKOTAAN DI KOTA ADMINISTRASI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Lestari Arini Dewi , Silalahi Raidedo
Published: March 2022

Lalu lintas dan angkutan jalan merupakan salah satu bagian yang vital dalam sisitiom transportasi. Masih banyaknya daerah yang belum terlayani angkutan umum menyebabkan terjadinya kesulitan aksesibilitas didaerah tersebut. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan peningkatan kinerja jaringan trayek angkutan kota di wilayah kota administrasi Jakarta Barat. Oleh sebab itu penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja cakupan layanan trayek angkutan perkotaan di Kota administrasi Jakarta Barat. Dalam penyelesaian Kertas Kerja Wajib ini, penulis menggunakan metodologi penelitian yang bersifat komparatif atau perbandingan. Hasil Penelitian Masih perlu dilakukan penataan ulang terhadap trayek angkutan kota karena masih adanya daerah yang belum terlayani di seputaran kecamatan Taman sari. Setelah adanya penataan rata rata jarak berjalan kaki orang ke fasilitas angkutan umum yang semula adalah 355,35 m berubah  menjadi 345,97 m, Cakupan pelayanan angkutan perkotaan di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat  yang semula sebesar 90% berubah menjadi 94% sehingga terlihat aksesbilitas pada daerah belum terlayani meningkat.
PERENCANAAN JALUR SEPEDA YANG TERINTEGRASI DI KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Anggada Sudirman , Hermawan Bobby Agung , Hermawan Made Arka
Published: March 2022

Penelitian “Perencanaan Jalur Sepeda yang Humanis dan Terintegrasi di Pusat Kota Bekasi” dimaksudkan sebagai bahan masukan dalam perumusan kebijakan pembangunan jalur sepeda/ guna mendukung program transportasi yang ramah lingkungan serta mendukung pengambilan kebijakan dalam penyelenggaraan angkutan umum terintegrasi di wilayah Bekasi. Pengumpulan data dalam perencanaan Jalur Sepeda Yang Humanis dan Terintegrasi  meliputi survei prefernsi penggunaan sepeda, survei geometric dan perlengkapan jalan, survei karakteristk lalu lintas. Dalam teknik analisa data diperoleh karakteristik responden, desain ruang parkir, dan manajemen parkir di Lingkungan STTD. Dari hasil analisis koridor jalur sepedayang direkomendasikan di Kota Bekasi dengan konsep keterhubungan antar bangkitan perjalanan dalam hal ini area pemukiman dengan area tarikan perjalanan yaitu simpul transportasi stasiun kereta maupun area komersil. 3 (tiga) koridor jalur sepeda tersebut adalah Perumahan Prima Harapan-Stasiun Bekasi dengan Rute Jalan Raya Perjuangan yang terdiri dari 3 (tiga) segmen jalan; Perumahan Kemang Pratama-Summarecon Bekasi dengan Rute Jalan Boulevar Selatan, Jl. Boulevar Ahmad Yani, Jl. Ahmad Yani, dan Jalan Raya Pekayon; Perumahan Wisma Jaya-Stasiun Bekasi dengan rute Jalan Raya Perjuangan, Jalan Agus Salim, dan Jalan Mekarsari.
PENCEGAHAN ANJLOKAN TERKAIT PERUBAHAN TRACK LAY OUT BARU DI STASIUN MANGGARAI
Authors: Septanto Joko , Fauzi Fauzi , Rili Rianto , Pratama Uriansyah , Winata Noval Seda
Published: March 2022

Stasiun Manggarai merupakan persimpangan kereta api dari daerah Bekasi, Bogor, Tanah Abang, Gambir dan Depo Bukit Duri. Terkait dengan bertambahnya pergerakan lalu lintas kereta api yang melintas Stasiun Manggarai seperti adanya kereta bandara dan penambahan frekwensi kereta api perkotaan menuntut adanya pembangunan Stasiun Manggarai baru yang direncanakan akan dibangun secara elevated rail way. Untuk itu diperlukan penambahan fasilitas pelayanan stasiun guna menunjang kegiatan naik turun penumpang dan kegiatan operasi kereta api. Dikarenakan frekwensi kereta api yang akan bertambah, maka emplasemen akan berubah yang berakibat perubahan track layout di Stasiun Manggarai untuk mengurai kepadatan pergerakan lalu lintas kereta api.
Litteraturhistoriskt undervisningsinnehåll – introduktion och respons
Authors: Johansson Jonas
Published: March 2022

Studien syftar till att synliggöra och diskutera de val av undervisningsinnehåll som gymnasielärare i svenska gör när de introducerar litteraturhistoria i kursen svenska 2. Undersökningen gjordes mot bakgrund av bristen på tidigare praktiknära litteratur­historiedidaktisk forskning samt i relation till tidigare studier som belyst elevers bristande intresse för litteraturhistoria. Materialet består av videoinspelade observa­tioner av åtta svensklärares introduktionslektioner till litteraturhistoria. Introduktions­passen valdes med tanke på att de kan ses som tillfällen då lärare försöker väcka intresse för ämnesområdet. Alla lärare undervisade på ett högskoleförberedande program. Studien ramas in av ett didaktiskt och läroplansteoretiskt ramverk. Tematisk innehålls­analys användes som analysmetod och resultatet av analysen visar ett brett utbud av möjliga litteraturhistoriska undervisningsinnehåll. Studien bidrar således med ny empirisk kunskap om vilka litteraturhistoriska undervisningsinnehåll som ställs i förgrunden när svensklärare introducerar litteraturhistoria. Tidigare har svenskämnet i stor utsträckning diskuterats i relation till svenskämneskonceptionerna svenska som färdighetsämne, svenska som litteraturhistoriskt bildningsämne och svenska som erfarenhetspedagogiskt ämne. Studiens resultat diskuteras i relation till dessa men ger ytterligare bidrag genom att konkretisera och synliggöra den variation av val av undervisningsinnehåll som förekommer i klassrummen när litteraturhistoria intro­duceras.
Varstele dorului eminescian
Authors: Palasca Simona
Published: March 2022

Doua aspecte fundamentale au stat la baza alegerii acestei teme de cercetare. Primul se refera la abundenta de exegeze, care a dat nastere atator inertii create de marile interpretari interbelice si care solicita o repozitionare a punctelor de vedere. Cel de-al doilea aspect aduce in atentie nevoia de re-contextualizare a mitului si a operei eminesciene. Sigur ca este greu sa mai spunem ceva cu totul nou despre Eminescu, dar consideram ca scrisul sau incurajeaza orice punct nou de vedere, orice interpretare noua, neaparat obiectiva, si care sa porneasca, in primul rand, de la opera. Orice intentie de analiza asupra operei lui Mihai Eminescu este incurajata de oamenii valorosi. Astfel, raspunzand indemnurilor marelui om de cultura, Constantin Noica, ar trebui sa renuntam la simpla contemplare a operelor mari care, dupa parerea domniei sale, au o alta functie: ,,aceea de a naste alte opere mari, sau macar de a modela omenescul din tine. Iar de nu, functia operelor mari este de a te face sa-ti ceri scuze ca existi.”
Evaluation of coat color inheritance and production performance for crossbreed from Chinese indigenous Chenghua pig crossbred with Berkshire
Authors: Li Yujing , Yuan Rong , Gong Zhengyin , Zou Qin , Wang Yifei , Tang Guoqing , Zhu Li , Li Xuewei , Jiang Yanzhi
Published: March 2022

Objective: This work was to determine coat inheritance and evaluate production performance for crossbred pigs from Berkshire×Chenghua (BC) compared with Chinese indigenous Chenghua (CH) pigs.Methods: The coat color phenotypes were recorded for more than 16,000 pigs, and the genotypes of melanocortin 1 receptor (MCIR) gene were identified by sequencing. The reproductive performance of 927 crossbred BC F4 gilts and 320 purebred CH gilts was recorded. Sixty pigs of each breed were randomly selected at approximately 60 days of age to determine growth performance during fattening period, which lasted for 150 days for BC pigs and 240 days for CH pigs. At the end of the fattening period, 30 pigs of each breed were slaughtered to determine carcass composition and meat quality.Results: The coat color of BC pigs exhibits a “dominant black” hereditary pattern, and all piglets derived from boars or sows genotyped ED1ED1 homozygous for MC1R gene showed a uniform black coat phenotype. The BC F4 gilts displayed a good reproductive performance, showing a higher litter and tear size and were heavier at farrowing litter and at weaning litter than the CH gilts, but they reached puberty later than the CH gilts. BC F4 pigs exhibited improved growth and carcass characteristics with a higher average daily live weight gain, lower feed-to-gain ratio, and higher carcass lean meat rate than CH pigs. Like CH pigs, BC F4 pigs produced superior meat-quality characteristics, showing ideal pH and meat-color values, high intramuscular fat content and water-holding capacity, and acceptable musclefiber parameters. C18:1, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:2 were the main fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum in the two breeds, and a remarkably high polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio of ~0.39 was observed in the BC F4 pigs.Conclusion: The BC F4 pigs exhibit a uniform black coat pattern and acceptable total production performance.
Pegasus Hava Yolları’nın Covid-19 Instagram Paylaşımları Üzerinden Kültürel Boyutların Okunması
Authors: ERDEN UZUN Cemile , KOÇ AKGÜL Selma
Published: March 2022

Covid-19 salgınını dünyaya yayılmasının ardından gelen birçok kısıtlama ve tedbir yaşantımızda büyük değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Dünyanın genelinde kısıtlama ve tedbirler benzer olsa da hastalığın yayılımı farklı ülkelerde farklı gidişatlar seyretmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda bu farklılıkların kültürel boyutlar ile açıklanabildiği görülmüştür. Pandemi ile mücadele etmenin ilk adımı teması azaltmak olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle uçuşlar bir süreliğine askıya alınmıştır. Bu süreçte hava yolları hem iptal olan uçuşlar hakkında bilgi vermek hem de müşteri sadakatini sürdürmek için sosyal medya araçlarını aktif şekilde kullanmıştır. “Pandemi gidişatını etkileyen kültürel boyutların hava yolu iletişim stratejilerinde de kendine yer bulmakta mıdır?” sorusu çalışmanın problemini oluşturmaktadır. Gönderilerde Türkiye’nin kültürel boyutlarına uygun temalara yer verilip verilmediğini bulmak çalışmanın amacıdır. Yaşam tarzımızı açıklayan kültürel boyutlar aynı zamanda pazarlama çalışmalarında önemli bir rol oynadığı ve bilinçli veya bilinçsiz bir şekilde şirketler tarafından müşteri ile iletişimde bu boyutlara uygun iletişim kurulduğu öngörülmektedir. Bu kavramlar ekseninde Pegasus Hava Yolu şirketinin, en çok kullanılan sosyal medya araçlarından biri olan Instagram hesabından 27 Mart- 13 Haziran 2020 tarih aralığında paylaşılan 33 fotoğraftan Covid-19 kısıtlamaları hakkında olan 23 tanesi içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Kültürel Boyutlar Kuramı’nın Bireysellik Erillik ve Belirsizlikten Kaçınma boyutları ele alınmıştır. Gönderilerde tespit edilen boyutlar ile Türkiye ulusal boyutları arasında pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir. İnstagram gönderilerinde kültürel boyutları ifade eden temaların bulunması ve bu boyutların toplumsal boyutlarla eşdeğerlik göstermesi, kültürel boyutların hava yollarının sosyal medya iletişim stratejilerinde kendine yer bulduğunu göstermiştir.
The Glowing Bonsai And The Kintsugi Pot
Authors: Kohno Tadayoshi ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: March 2022

Are there valid reasons for a government to carry out clandestine killings of foreign civilians in the name of national security? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Jason is five years retired from the NSA. However, a new story draws his attention, two suspicious deaths, one in China, and one in Russia, related to confused autonomous cars. Jason’s previous work at the NSA involved making “programable luminescent vegetation” that, when exposed to certain frequencies, could be made to change color. The commercial applications are benign, household plants and lawns that change emitting color as easily and as frequently as an LED. However, he believes the NSA has militarized his work and is using it to confuse self-driving cars so they can kill overseas civilians. Jason decides to publicly divulge his work and expose the NSA. However, before he is able to so his self-driving car drives off the road and into a tree, killing him.
Political Ideologies through the Lens of Modern Neuroscience
Authors: Bazhanov Valentin A. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The article presents the standpoint that naturalistic tendencies in modern science, which are especially expressed in neuroscience, push up social knowledge toward the need to revise its attitudes and norms, which consist in consistent sociocentrism and biophobia, and, hence, a simplified understanding of the phenomenon of “genetic reductionism”. We show that the application of the methods of natural science to social disciplines often marked visible progress and even conceptual breakthroughs in their development. Achievements of modern neuroscience affect a traditional area of social and humanitarian knowledge as political science, which leads to the formation of an independent area of research – political neuroscience. Through the optics of this research, cognitive styles characteristic of individuals and social groups with different value orientations imply the dominance of certain ideological sympathies and antipathies, which attributed to the opposite poles of the ideological scale – liberalism and conservatism. Considerable empirical material allows us to conclude that these ideological positions are exist due to differences in their ontogenetic “foundations”, which allows us to develop I. Kant's ideas about a priorism and transcendentalism in the context of the Kantian research program in contemporary neuroscience. The result of the implementation of this program to the political sphere was the discovery of the genesis of political views, and the demonstration of the peculiarities of their dynamics. They are based on the difference in the activity of certain neural sets, which in their turn are influenced by culture and society, forming an integral system “brain – culture – society”, where each component of which affects other components. Features and changes in the socio-cultural context of the development of an individual or a group of people may have an effect upon the architectonics of the brain and shift, due to its plasticity, of the political views along the scale of ideologies “liberalism – conservatism”. At the same time, carriers of different cognitive styles and, therefore, with a sufficient degree of probability of ideological views, percept the world in which they live in differently, and evaluate its past and possible future in diverse ways.
Neuroethics: Discussions about the Subject
Authors: Bryzgalina Elena V. , Gumarova Anastasiya N. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The term “neuroethics” emerged in the 1970s denoting medical ethics in neuroscience. The development of neuro-turn in philosophical studies, beginning of wide empirical research in neurobiology and cognitive science and rise of public interest in brain studies in the first decade of the 21st century caused the emergence of neuroethics as an independent research field. The questions of definition the subject area, methodology, priority directions and conceptual foundations of neuroethics still remain as the subjects of discussions nowadays. The main modern approaches to understanding the subject of neuroethics are reported in the article. The authors of the article propose to interpret neuroethics as a metadiscipline and highlight four approaches of it. A. Roskies divides neuroethics into two fields of study: the ethics of neuroscience and the neuroscience of ethics. This approach is refined in modern research. The article reveals that neuroethics can be understood as a description of the neural correlates of moral action; as an assessment of the ethics of research and therapeutic interventions in the brain; as a critical understanding of social practices based on knowledge of brain functioning or the usage of neurotechnology; as an analysis of the social consequences of the neurotechnologies development. The authors note that neuroethics still has a status of an “emerging field”, which makes the analysis of its development an independent research task.
Intimate Technology and Alien Science
Authors: Petrov Kirill A. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the interaction between tDCS-users and scientists on reddit.com. The forum observation and interviewing of the most active members of the Internet community were conducted during 2020–2021 by the methods of digital ethnography. The obtained results are intended to deepen the understanding both the exchange processes between scientists and non-professional, and the space in which such coordination takes place. A suitable tool for such work is the “trading zone” concept, which is defined by the lack of consensus on a scientific fact; the presence of local subcultures separated by disciplinary or practice boundaries; pidginization or creolization of language occurring on the basis of non-monetary exchange forms, without mutual values insight. TDCS is a technology with unproven effectiveness, and therefore scientific discussions are still being held around it. Unlike scientists, users present an alternative approach to the effectiveness of these devices, which analysis allows considering tDCS-technology as a “boundary object”. The central element of interaction at the “trading zone” is the exchange of “anecdotal data”, which determines the features of the emerging pidgin, aimed at describing the individual perception of a user’s experience. The forum interaction, involving the exchange of anecdotal data, leads to the formation of skill to discriminate a variety of tDCS-types, as well as types of scientific expertise. The ability for discrimination becomes the basis of interactional expertise. The user’s right to undertake expertise arise not from the basis of formal membership in scientific institutions, or personal contribution to the development of a scientific discipline, but on the property of “interactional experience”. The article notes that the attempts of users to extend interactional expertise beyond the boundaries of the trading zones, as well as the participation of academic scientists in the activities of the forum, may be associated with risks for scientific research.
Intention and Intentional Action in Philosophy of Law
Authors: Ogleznev Vitaly V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The article examines K.A. Rodin’s thesis on the possibility of including Wittgenstein’s remarks on intention and action in the context of legal philosophy research. It is shown that although the concepts of intention and intentional action are relevant to the philosophy of law, Wittgenstein’s own ideas did not have a significant impact on their relevance (and some of them did not have it at all). This influence is confined to the fact that, like Wittgenstein, many jurists and legal theorists, mainly those who were influenced by the ideas of H.L.A. Hart, also objected to the causal theory of action. However, the influence is limited to this approach.
The Notions of Will and Action
Authors: Maslov Denis K. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

In his response, D. Maslov (1) presents a sketch of a comparative analysis of the notion of ‘will’ in Wittgenstein and Hegel as a response to the initial article by K. Rodin. Despite apparent (but in some ways only seeming) differences, both philosophers show similar anti-metaphysical attitude in their respective analysis. Both regard will not as a metaphysical entity, but in its concrete expression in actions and intentions and conclude that acts of will and intentions can be understood by other people. (2) On this ground and the argument of universality of language, we argue, against K. Rodin, against anti-universalist and contextualist readings of Wittgenstein’s texts.
A Priori in the Classical Model of Science
Authors: Sokolova Tatiana D. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2022

The paper is devoted to the concept of a priori and a priori knowledge within the framework of the classical model of science proposed for conducting research on the history of concepts, and in particular, the concept of “science” by digital humanities [de Jong, Betti, 2010]. In the first part of the article, I refer to the concept of model and (1) consider the classical model of science in terms of its heuristic potential for philosophical (and in particular, epistemological) research, and (2) define the main structural parts of the model for studying the concept a priori. In the second part, I consider the theoretical aspects of the classical model science in the context of a priori functional and historical concepts and the possibility of its adaptation to the analysis of the a priori in the history of science In the third part I propose a possible model for research of a priori in the classical model of science in two aspects: (1) a priori as universal principles underlying all sciences and (2) a priori as a set of propositions for a specific scientific discipline.
Translation and the ‘soft’ bridges of communication
Authors: Desblache Lucile
Published: March 2022

Translation Studies scholars, on the whole, have struggled to reconcile abstract, meta­phorical concepts of translation with the notion of translation as understood in the commer­cial world of communication, that of a product to be obtained through quick, efficient and cost-cutting processes of transfer across verbal languages. Yet both ideas of translation imply exchanges of perspective between domains, cultures and senses and are inspiring conceptual­ly, artistically and socially. Bonds between metaphorical and practical ideas of translation are essential today and are conceptualised in this article. Translation is crucial as both instru­ment of equivalence between things and ideas, and as agent revealing differences between them. I will consider how the translation of texts, which do not primarily rely on the verbal depends on those two elements and can favour a reconciliation between the two ideas of trans­lation. I will use the concept of translation as ‘cluster’, examining epistemological and social resonances in musical texts, where expression does not depend primarily on semantic mean­ing. I will show how translation of the non-verbal can be an instrument of empowerment for 21st century humans and work as agent of social and intellectual cohesion in a fragmented world which has to be interpreted in multiple ways to be meaningful.
Continuity of Texts. Metafiction in a Cortazar Short Story and its Swedish Translation
Authors: Alvstad Cecilia , Johnsen Åse
Published: March 2022

This article analyzes the Swedish translation of the short story Continuidad de los parques, written by the Argentine author Julio Cortázar and translated into Swedish by the translator Jan Sjögren. This short story is an excellent piece of metafiction as it plays with the re­lationship between a fictional reader and the real reader. By creating an aesthetic illusion, Cor­tázar leaves the reader in a tense state with a number of unanswered questions during the rea­ding of the text. The analysis shows that this state of tension is weakened and works differently in the Swedish version of the story. By changing the title and other minor, but substantial, parts of the text, the translator transfers his interpretation of the text onto the Swedish trans­lation. The narrative structure is altered and, as a result, the reader of the Swedish version does not have access to the sa­me multiple interpretations afforded by Cortázar’s Spanish text.
The influence of chopped copper fibre (CF) on the improvement of pure gypsum by compressive strength
Authors: Al-Ridha Ahmed , Saeed Abbas , Abdul Mahdi , Sahib Dheyab , Zaier Ali , Sabah Mohialdeen
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the efficacy, performance, and effect of chopped Copper Fibre (CF) on a Pure Gypsum (PG) mixture. The Copper Fibre (CF) is extracted from the waste of electrical wires that are considered as environmental waste. Three models of Copper Fibre (CF) with a diameter of 0.83 (mm) and lengths of 10 (mm), 20 (mm), and 30 (mm) (Aspect-Ratio L/d = 12, 24 and 36 respectively), with Volume Fraction (V.f.) for Copper Fibre (CF) by two Water/ Gypsum Ratios (W/G) worth (0.5 and 0.6) are created. The mixtures are divided into two groups of W/G ratios. Each group contains four samples, one reference without Copper Fibre (CF) and the other three with the addition of Copper Fibre (CF) individually with different lengths. The results show that adding Copper Fibre (CF) to the Pure Gypsum (PG) mixture increases the Compressive Strength. Further, the effect is to heighten the Compressive Strength of Pure Gypsum (PG) when the Aspect-Ratio is raised. In other words, when the (W/G) Ratio is reduced, the Compressive Strength increases in the presence or absence of Copper Fibre (CF). Moreover, the efficiency of the Copper Fibre (CF) develops further when the W/G ratio is decreased.
Body Weight Prediction Model using Mid Upper Arm Circumferences and Knee Height in Adult
Authors: Katherina Katherina , Sudiarti Trini
Published: March 2022

AbstractBodyweight is one of the most common anthropometric components to determin e a prescription for diet and drugs. However, this way proved to be a challenge for individuals who are unconscious and or have disabilities. The present study aims to derive a simple equation to estimate the bodyweight of adults in Jakarta by using a cros s -sectional study on data taken with simple random sample method. Measurements of body weight (BW), the mid -upper arm circumference (MUAC), and the knee height (KH) were done in 164 adults in South Jakarta in May 2017. The resulting equation, which is deri ved by multi linear regression, is: BW = 2.8*MUAC + 1.2*KH – 1.25*Z – 75.1 ( R-square 0.841; p -value < 0.001), with Z value of 1 for female and 2 for male. The equation can approximate the bodyweight of adults.AbstrakBerat badan merupakan salah satu komponen antropometri yang paling banyak digunakan untuk menentukan preskripsi diet dan preskripsi obat pasien. Namun terkadang pengukuran berat badan tidak dapat dilakukan secara langsung, seperti pada individu penyandang disabilitas dan kesadaran lemah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan rumus sederhana dalam memprediksi berat badan pada orang dewasa menggunakan metode studi potong lintang dan subyek di pilih secara acak sederhana . Pengukuran berat badan, lingkar lengan atas dan tinggi lutut dilakuka n terhadap 164 orang dewasa (20 59 tahun) di Kedeputian Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial dan Kemanusiaan Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Jakarta Selatan pada bulan Me i 2017. Model prediksi berat badan akhir yang diperoleh menggunakan analisis regresi linear ganda adalah : Berat Badan estimasi (kg) = 2,8*LiLA + 1,2*TL 1,25*Z – 75,1 (R-square 0,841; p -value < 0,001), nilai Z = 1 untuk perempuan dan 2 untuk laki -laki. Persamaan hasil penelitian mampu memprediksi berat badan dan dapat digunakan pada orang dewasa .
Neurophysiological Basis of the Cognitive Gender Differences in Adulthood in Humans. Evidence from Event-related Brain Potentials
Authors: Nanova Plamenka , Kolev Vasil , Yordanova Juliana
Published: March 2022

Gender can affect nervous system functioning at multiple levels – from genetics to behaviour. In the present review, effects of gender on neurophysiologic mechanisms of mental rotation, efficiency of language processing, emotions and sensory processes were studied in adults by exploring event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Since these processes were best recognized as gender-dependent at the behavioural level, it was aimed to verify the presence of gender effects on the respective ERP correlates at the neurophysiologic level.
Articles from the PubMed database were selected, with a publication year until 2020. The review additionally includes studies that were cited in the selected articles. Thus, forty-six articles published between 1982 and 2020 were included. The reviewed data of healthy humans demonstrate that gender affects the early (related to perception and identification) and the late stages of processing (related to actual cognitive processes) of ERPs elicited during the three cognitive categories (mental rotation, language, and emotions).
Mental rotation process in males demonstrates smaller amplitudes and shorter latencies of ERP components. It is concluded that men perform mental rotation more efficiently than females because they not only apply a different processing strategy (implied by distinct topography patterns), but they also benefit from faster processing mechanisms.

During language processing, gender differences are expressed in increased amplitudes, shortened latencies, and different scalp topographies of language-related ERPs in females compared to males. ERPs confirm that the two genders employ different processing strategies and provide new evidence that females’ advantages can be associated with the fact that women are involved in a more extensive, more in-depth semantic processing and have a more automatized language processing.
Gender differences in the emotion-related processes are mainly expressed as increased ERP amplitudes in females compared to males for both the early and late ERP components. ERP results reveal that women are more sensitive to emotionally salient stimuli, especially to unpleasant negative ones, and that this sensitivity extends beyond early emotional reactivity to a later emotional and emotion-regulation processes.
However, studies exploring the neurophysiological level of the mental rotation process, language, and emotional processing in men and women are still scarce and inconsistent and thus further extensive research is required. The present review provides important hints that many of the established gender effects on specific processes (mental rotation, language and emotion regulation) may originate from fundamental and material-unspecific effects of gender on sensory processing mechanisms, which also merits additional clarification.
Control Properties for Heat Equation with Double Singular Potential
Authors: Kutev Nikolai , Rangelov Tsviatko
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to study the noncontrollability of the heat equation with double singular potential at an interior point and on the boundary of the domain.
Activated Carbon Foam Derived from Treatment Products of RDF without Pressure and Stabilization Stage for Removal of Pollutants from Water
Authors: Stoycheva Ivanka , Tsyntsarski Boyko , Kosateva Angelina , Petrova Bilyana , Georgiev Georgi , Miteva Kalina
Published: March 2022

Carbon foam is an advanced porous material with multiple high-technology applications, due to its cell structure, light weight, very good thermal and chemical stability, high thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as exceptional electromagnetic and acoustic properties. The present work aims to find suitable treatment, allowing the formation of a large number of micro- and mesopores in carbon foams, obtained by recently developed synthesis method without the use of pressure and stabilization stage. High compressive strength materials were synthesized after heat treatment up to 1000◦C. It was found that the heat treatment in the presence of water vapour of the obtained carbon foam samples allows a significant increase in specific surface area and the volume of the micro- and mesopores. This gives the possibility for successful application of the synthesized material in water and air purification, as a catalyst support, construction material, and in other fields.
Comparative Expression Analysis of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Elements in Blood Samples of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Minchev Danail , Popov Nikolay , Naimov Samir , Minkov Ivan , Vachev Tihomir
Published: March 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly diverse group of developmental disorders with a multicausal etiology and a strong genetic basis. About 8% of the human genome consists of human endogenous retrovirus elements (HERVs). HERV transcription appears to be altered not only in specific brain regions but also in the peripheral blood of patients with psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis (MS), ASD, and different types of cancer. This study aims to investigate the blood-based expression of five distinct human endogenous retrovirus elements in a patient cohort of 31 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and a control group of 27 children with typical development.
The comparative HERV expression analysis in 31 children with a diagnosis of ASD and 27 age- and sex-matched healthy controls was performed via a whole transcriptome sequencing approach combined with qRT-PCR analysis.
Two HERV-encoded genes: HERV-P env, and HERV-R env, were found to be significantly downregulated in the group of children with ASD. Another HERV gene, HERV-W pol appeared to be significantly upregulated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the observed changes in transcript levels of HERV-P env and HERV-R env can discriminate between ASD patients and healthy controls with considerable sensitivity and specificity.
Our results alongside a large number of expression studies conducted by other researchers suggest that human endogenous retrovirus elements may participate in important physiological processes and serve as key factors and markers for many conditions including ASD.
Major X-Class Solar Flare from Earth-Facing Active Region AR12887 on October 28, 2021 and First Cosmic Ray GLE 73 in Solar Cycle 25
Authors: Velinov Peter
Published: March 2022

A phenomenological study of the new Ground Level Enhancement GLE 73 of cosmic rays (CRs) on October 28, 2021 is presented in this work. The investigated GLE 73 appears as one of the first major events of the Sun in the new solar cycle 25 (2019–2030). The recent GLE 73 occurred as a result of an X-class solar flare and was measured on the surface of both the Earth (by Neutron Monitors) and PAMELA satellite-borne instruments.
This GLE occurs as a result of massive acceleration of charged particles in the solar corona and interplanetary space. Usually such event provides quite a soft spectrum of energetic particles, but sometimes the spectrum is sufficiently hard so that the initial solar protons can generate secondary nucleons that can be detected as an increase in the cosmic ray flux at ground level. Such exceptional event represents the studied GLE 73. These GLEs of cosmic rays are numbered consecutively from the first events that were detected on February 28, 1942 (GLE 1) and March 7,  1942 (GLE 2) J exactly 80 years ago. During the past 80 years of GLE studies some fundamental results of space physics have been achieved.
Analyzing the list of all GLEs registered until now in the period (1942–2021) some characteristics that are important parameters can be determined. The quantification of GLEs in different solar cycles is presented by calculating the frequency of GLE occurrence in solar cycles 17–25.
Angioarchitecture of Elbow and Knee Joint Capsules in a Dog
Authors: Ruzhanova-Gospodinova Iliana , Hristakiev Lyubomir , Georgiev Georgi , Georgiev Georgi
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the microcirculation section of the elbow and knee joint capsules in a dog. Two dogs’ cadavers with precannulated a. subclavia and a. iliaca externa were used, through which an inkgelatin solution was introduced. The capsules were dehydrated in ascending alcohol series and enlightened in methylsalycylate. The resulting enlightened samples visualized the arterial and venous sections of the circulatory system, as well as the specific shaped capillary nets and arteriole-venular anastomoses. This method not only establishes the specific morphology of vascular formations, but also the possibility of proving regenerative, inflammatory and degenerative processes.
Analytical Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Soils and Foods
Authors: Yaneva Spaska , Mladenov Metodi
Published: March 2022

Owing to the widespread use of organochlorine pesticides in the past, significant amounts of them still occur in nature, mainly in the form of byproducts, which, however, often present a greater risk than the primary product used. Danger comes mainly from their ability to accumulate along the food chain and because they can enter the human body in different ways – through inhalation, penetration through the skin, through ingestion, etc. The current study on the content of this group of pesticides and their metabolites in soil and meat samples is an up-to-date development to analyse the potential hazards for environment and people. Eight soil samples and three types of meat foods were tested for the content of organochlorides and their metabolites. The results presented show that although these substances were found in some of the samples, their concentrations were below the regulatory permissible values.
The Female Athlete Triad—the impact of running and type of diet on the regularity of the menstrual cycle assessed for recreational runners
Authors: Witkoś Joanna , Hartman-Petrycka Magdalena
Published: March 2022

Background

The Female Athlete Triad (FAT) included three interrelated conditions including disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. The American College of Sports Medicine updated the definition of FAT to reflect the interdependence of low energy availability with or without eating disorders. The main aim of the study was to assess the impact of recreational running on potential disturbances in the regularity of women’s menstrual cycles. Additionally, this work compared differences in the menstrual cycle between women runners and women who did not regularly practice sports. The respondents were also asked about the type of diet they consumed.

Methods

A total of 360 women took part in the research. This group included 217 runners and 143 control. The authors’ questionnaire was used in the research.

Results

When compared to the control group, the runners had an increased frequency of menstrual cycles of <24 days (10.14% vs. 3.50%), fewer typical cycles of 25–31 days (75.58% vs. 86.71%), had fewer regular cycles per year (9.62 vs. 11.22), shorter duration of bleeding (4.79 vs. 5.27 days), and an increased frequency of painless menstruation (23.96% vs. 7.69%). A positive predictor of menstrual cycle disorders was the use of a ‘special diet’ (R:1.67; 95% C:0.47–2.87).

Conclusions

The runners had shorter and less regular monthly cycles and shorter and more often painless menstrual bleeding when compared to the control group. The frequency of menstrual disorders in runners was increased by following a ‘special diet’. The frequency of menstrual cycle disorders in runners, however, did not differ significantly from the control group.
Clinical Practice Experience of Nursing Students in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Hyeon-Young , Lee Eun-Hye
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study examined the practical training experiences of nursing students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and investigated their experience during their practical training.Methods: Data were collected between April 29 and June 24, 2021. The 29 participants chosen from three universities in the study were either fourth-year students or graduated in 2021 after attending nursing college, and they had taken at least one semester of practical training including alternative practice training after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Inductive content analysis was employed for data analysis.Results: Based on the analysis of data from focus group interviews, the following four categories and 11 theme clusters were drawn from 235 key statements: (1) situational change in the clinical practice environment; (2) perceived difficulties in developing core competencies as a nursing student; (3) unstandardized alternative practical training procedures; and (4) demand for systematic improvement in practical training while maintaining social distancing.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the need for effective and constructive practical clinical training in order for nursing students to achieve productive learning from practical training while maintaining social distancing, Alternative training modalities should continue to be developed and reviewed.
Effects of Non-Pharmacological Interventions to Improve the Sleep of Korean Elderly: A Systematic Review
Authors: Park Yunhee , Yun Hyun Jung
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This systematic review investigated the effects of non-pharmacological interventions to improve the sleep of the Korean elderly at home and in facilities.Methods: A literature search was performed using electronic databases (RISS, KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, DBpia) from 2010 to 2021. Participants’ characteristics, intervention characteristics, and measured sleep outcomes were systematically reviewed. A qualitative appraisal of studies was performed using the RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools.Results: Of 954 publications identified, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Two studies were randomized controlled trials and 21 studies were quasi-experimental designs with a non-equivalent control group. The contents of 23 intervention studies that aimed to improve sleep included massage, auricular acupressure therapy, laughter therapy, heat therapy, exercise, and aromatherapy. The Korean Sleep Scale A was the most frequently used sleep instrument, in 18 studies. Most interventions were effective in improving sleep, but some inconsistent results were reported.Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions for the improvement of sleep in the elderly are useful as therapeutic interventions as part of nursing care, because they are simple and easy to apply. However, to draw clear conclusions about the effect of interventions, it will be necessary to gather results from intervention studies using rigorous methodologies in the future.
A Prediction Model for Health Promoting Behavior in Obese Middle-Aged Women
Authors: Bae Nohyun , Kim Oksoo
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify influencing factors in a health promotion model that explains and predicts health promoting behavior in obese middle-aged women.Methods: Based on Pender’s health promotion model, a hypothetical model was constructed with nine factors (emotional eating, obesity stress, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers to action, perceived self-efficacy, activity-related affect, social support, commitment to a plan of action, and health promoting behavior). The participants were 215 obese middle-aged women who visited one of three health check-up centers in Seoul, Incheon, or Gyeonggi Province to receive health check-ups through the National Health Insurance Corporation. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire.Results: In the final research model, the factors that had a direct impact on health promoting behavior of obese middle-aged women were obesity stress (β=-.17, p=.001), perceived self-efficacy (β=.34, p<.001), activity-related affect (β=.22, p<.001), commitment to a plan of action (β=.34, p<.001). The explanatory power was 51.3%.Conclusion: This study found that a higher level of engagement in health promoting behavior was associated with lower obesity stress, higher perceived self-efficacy, better activity-related affect, and a higher commitment to a plan of action. These results may be used as a basis for the development of a nursing intervention program to improve health promoting behavior in obese middle-aged women.