bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the impact of therapy on medication use: data-linkage study
Authors: Jordan Julie-Ann , Elliott Adam , Mongan David , Dyer Kevin F. W.
Published: October 2023

Background

The psychological therapies service (PTS) in the Northern Health and Social Care Trust, in Northern Ireland, provides therapies to adults with moderate or severe mental health difficulties. Psychometric outcomes data are routinely collected to assess if a patient demonstrates significant improvement in their main presenting problem area following therapy. The wider impact of therapy is not fully measured in the outcomes database as this would be disproportionately burdensome for both patient and therapist. The present study, to our knowledge, is the first to use data linkage to link patient therapy outcomes data with prescriptions data.

Aims

To widen our understanding of patient medication use before and after therapy.

Method

Using Health and Care Number as a unique identifier, the Psychological Therapies Service – Routine Outcome Measurement Database (n = 3625) and data from 72 500 controls were linked with data from the Enhanced Prescribing Database (EPD). The EPD data were sourced from the Honest Broker Service.

Results

Key findings from the study were: (a) the odds of PTS clients using antipsychotics in the year before therapy were 25 times greater compared with controls (odds ratio (OR) = 24.53, 95% CI 20.16–29.84); (b) in the 1st year post discharge, PTS clients who clinically improved post therapy discharge were more likely than ‘non-engagers’ and ‘non-improvers’ to come off antianxiety medication (OR = 0.61, 95%, CI 0.38–0.98); and (c) therapy did not have an impact on antidepressant use.

Conclusions

The results highlight the need for discussion between therapy services, GPs and psychiatry about whether more engagement and collaboration is needed to plan phased reduction in medication.
From awareness to action: an urgent call to reduce mortality and improve outcomes in eating disorders
Authors: Ayton Agnes , Ibrahim Ali , Downs James , Baker Suzanne , Kumar Ashish , Virgo Hope , Breen Gerome
Published: October 2023

High mortality rates and poor outcomes from eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa, are largely preventable and require urgent action. A national strategy to address this should include prevention; early detection; timely access to integrated physical and psychological treatments; safe management of emergencies; suicide prevention; and investment in training, services and research.
Localization and Diagnostic Evaluation of Peripheral Nerve Disorders
Authors: Jin Peter H.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

This article provides a framework for the initial evaluation of patients with suspected peripheral nerve disease. The key clinical elements of peripheral nerve diseases can help the practicing neurologist differentiate among peripheral neuropathies with similar presentations.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS

The wide range of peripheral nerve diseases with similar clinical presentations can pose a diagnostic challenge. The large array of available testing modalities (including imaging and electrodiagnostic, autonomic, laboratory, biopsy, and genetic testing) further complicates clinical decision making. Recent developments (eg, discovery of new autoantibodies, genetic variations, and histopathologic techniques) across the peripheral neuropathy spectrum have resulted in an increased need to evaluate patients logically and with a tailored diagnostic approach.

ESSENTIAL POINTS

A careful approach that focuses on key clinical elements combined with an understanding of purposeful diagnostic testing can lead to a successful diagnosis of peripheral nerve diseases.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Oskoui Maryam , Servais Laurent
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic assessment and treatment of individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) due to homozygous deletions of SMN1.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS

In recent years, most states have incorporated SMA in their newborn screening panel. To provide the earliest diagnosis possible after symptom onset, vigilance is needed for births in states without newborn screening for SMA and when compound heterozygotes are missed by newborn screening programs. Supportive care for respiratory, nutritional, and orthopedic health impacts outcomes and is the cornerstone of care. Adaptive equipment, including assistive home technology, enables affected individuals to gain autonomy in their daily activities. Pharmacologic treatments approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) include three drugs that increase deficient survival motor neuron protein levels through SMN1- or SMN2- directed pathways: nusinersen, onasemnogene abeparvovec, and risdiplam. Efficacy for these trials was measured in event-free survival (survival without the need for permanent ventilation) and gains in functional motor outcomes. Earlier treatment is most effective across all treatments.

ESSENTIAL POINTS

The diagnostic and therapeutic landscapes for SMA have seen dramatic advancements in recent years, improving prognosis. Optimized supportive care remains essential, and vigilance is needed to define the new natural history of this disease.
Toxic Neuropathies
Authors: McNeish Brendan L. , Kolb Noah
Published: October 2023

Objective

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview and update on the most clinically relevant toxic neuropathies.

Latest Developments

Broadly, toxic neuropathies were previously quite rare with the notable exception of neuropathy from alcohol or older chemotherapeutics. The development of newer therapies, particularly immunotherapy to treat malignancy, has resulted in a substantial increase in the occurrence of toxic neuropathies that require timely recognition and treatment. The understanding of other toxic neuropathies continues to evolve, such as statin-induced neuropathy, which new evidence suggests is much less common than previously suspected.

Essential Points

Toxic neuropathies can be caused by medications, supplements, and recreational substances that injure peripheral nerves. Medications have evolved in the past 2 decades, as have the types of neuropathies that can be seen as related toxicities. In some areas of medicine, new classes and generations of drugs are associated with a lower incidence of toxic neuropathy.
Adjusting Acute Kidney Injury Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Urine Output Criterion for Predicted Body Weight Improves Prediction of Hospital Mortality
Authors: Hessler Michael , Arnemann Philip-Helge , Jentzsch Imke , Görlich Dennis , Morelli Andrea , Rehberg Sebastian W. , Ertmer Christian , Kampmeier Tim-Gerald
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definitions, urine output, serum creatinine, and need for kidney replacement therapy are used for staging acute kidney injury (AKI). Currently, AKI staging correlates strongly with mortality and can be used as a predictive tool. However, factors associated with the development of AKI may affect its predictive ability. We tested whether adjustment for predicted (versus actual) body weight improved the ability of AKI staging to predict hospital mortality.

METHODS:

A total of 3279 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery in a university hospital were retrospectively analyzed. AKI was staged according to KDIGO criteria (standard staging) and after adjustment for hourly urine output adjusted by predicted body weight for each patient and each day of their hospital stay.

RESULTS:

The incidence of AKI (all stages) was 43% (predicted body weight adjusted) and 50% (standard staging), respectively (P < .001). In sensitivity-specificity analyses for predicting hospital mortality, the area under the curve was significantly higher after adjustment for predicted body weight than with standard staging (P = .002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Compared to standard staging, adjustment of urine output for predicted body weight increases the specificity and improves prediction of hospital mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Exploring the Pathophysiology of Delirium: An Overview of Biomarker Studies, Animal Models, and Tissue-Engineered Models
Authors: McKay Tina B. , Khawaja Zain Q. , Freedman Isaac G. , Turco Isabella , Wiredu Kwame , Colecchi Talia , Akeju Oluwaseun
Published: October 2023

Delirium is an acute brain disorder associated with disorganized thinking, difficulty focusing, and confusion that commonly follows major surgery, severe infection, and illness. Older patients are at high risk for developing delirium during hospitalization, which may contribute to increased morbidity, longer hospitalization, and increased risk of institutionalization following discharge. The pathophysiology underlying delirium remains poorly studied. This review delves into the findings from biomarker studies and animal models, and highlights the potential for tissue-engineered models of the brain in studying this condition. The aim is to bring together the existing knowledge in the field and provide insight into the future direction of delirium research.
Antinociceptive Agents as General Anesthetic Adjuncts: Supra-additive and Infra-additive Interactions
Authors: Kissin Igor
Published: October 2023

The hypothesis “General anesthesia consists of producing both loss of consciousness and the inhibition of noxious stimuli reaching the brain and causing arousal” was used as a basis for the review of published data on general anesthetic interactions with antinociceptive agents: opioids, α2 adrenergic agonists, and systemic sodium channel blockers. This review is focused on a specific type of anesthetic interaction—the transformation of antinociceptive agents into general anesthetic adjuncts. The primary aim is to answer 2 questions. First, how does an antinociceptive agent transform the effect of an anesthetic in providing a certain component of anesthesia—hypnosis, immobility, or hemodynamic response to noxious stimulation? Second, does a combination of an anesthetic with an adjunct result in a simple summation of their respective effects or in a supra-additive or infra-additive interaction? The Medline database was searched for data describing the interactions of antinociceptive agents and general anesthetics. The following classes of antinociceptive agents were considered: opioids, α2 adrenergic agonists, and systemic sodium channel blockers. Drugs used in combination with antinociceptive agents were general anesthetics and benzodiazepines. The following terms related to drug interactions were used: anesthetic interactions, synergy, antagonism, isobolographic analysis, response surface analysis, and fractional analysis. The interactions of antinociceptive agents with general anesthetics result in a decrease of general anesthetic requirements, which differ for each of the components of general anesthesia: hypnosis, immobility, and hemodynamic response to noxious stimulation. Most studies of the nature of anesthetic interactions are related to opioid–general anesthetic combinations, and their conclusions usually confirm supra-additivity.
Transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) with ultrasound/MRI fusion guidance in the treatment of localized radiotherapy-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Manenti Guglielmo , Nezzo Marco , Ryan Colleen Patricia , Fraioli Federico Romeo , Carreri Beatrice , Gigliotti Paola Elda , Angeloni Cecilia , Di Pietro Francesca , De Angeli Martina , Perretta Tommaso , D'Angelillo Rolando Maria , Garaci Francesco Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) guided by ultrasound/magnetic resonance (MR) fusion as a salvage treatment for refractory focal prostate cancer.

Methods

A total of five patients who had undergone radiation therapy (RT) for prostate carcinoma and biochemical recurrence, confirmed by both prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and MRI (3T mpMRI), were enrolled in this study. Focal ablation was performed using a 1064 nm diode laser. Post-ablation follow-up was conducted for a duration of 18 months, which included regular PSA sampling, 3T mpMRI, and ultrasound/MR fusion-guided biopsies systematic and targeted at the site of the focal treatment.

Results

The focal ablation procedure was carried out in an outpatient setting regimen with optimal clinical and biochemical outcomes. No recurrence was detected throughout the follow-up period.

Conclusion

TPLA focal treatment effectively manages local recurrences of RT refractory prostate cancer without side-effects or complications. Preservation of quality of life and functional outcomes, along with a >70% reduction in PSA, were achieved.

Advances in knowledge

Our study investigated TPLA as a salvage treatment for low-risk recurrent prostate cancer after RT, demonstrating its tolerability, feasibility, and effectiveness.
Optical and microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosols based on ground-based and satellite remote sensing techniques
Authors: Μιχαηλίδης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: October 2023

Η παρούσα διατριβή συνοψίζεται σε τρεις κύριες θεματικές ενότητες. Αρχικά, παρουσιάζουμε το αναβαθμισμένο σύστημα lidar της Θεσσαλονίκης (THELISYS), επικεντρωνόμαστε στις νέες δυνατότητες στο πλαίσιο των μετρήσεων των οπτικών ιδιοτήτων αεροζόλ και τις διαδικασίες που συνδέονται με την ταξινόμησή τους σε κατηγορίες. Περιγράφουμε λεπτομερώς τον εννοιολογικό σχεδιασμό, τα μηχανικά και οπτικά του μέρη, και τέλος συζητείται η εκτίμηση των αβεβαιοτήτων ανάκτησης των μετρούμενων μεγεθών. Τα τεστ διασφάλισης της ποιότητας όπως θεσπίζονται από το δίκτυο EARLINET (European Lidar Network) εφαρμόζονται στο σύστημα προκειμένου να ελεγχθεί η καλή απόδοση του μετά τις διαδικασίες αναβάθμισης. Στη συνέχεια η εργασία πραγματεύεται τις διαδικασίες αυτοματοποιημένης ταξινόμησης για τον χαρακτηρισμό αερολυμάτων, εφαρμόζοντας αλγόριθμους αντιστροφής σε μετρήσεις που λαμβάνονται με επίγειες τεχνικές τόσο ενεργητικής αλλά και παθητικής τηλεπισκόπησης. Επιπρόσθετα, γίνεται διερεύνηση για το ρόλο που διαδραματίζει η παρουσία διαφορετικών ειδών αερολυμάτων στην ποιότητα της ατμόσφαιρας του αστικού περιβάλλοντος της Θεσσαλονίκης χρησιμοποιώντας επιπλέον σε συνέργεια όργανα επιτόπιων μετρήσεων. Για το σκοπό αυτό, χρησιμοποιούνται τα ευρήματα των εκστρατειών PANACEA που πραγματοποιήθηκαν στον σταθμό της Θεσσαλονίκης την περίοδο 2019-2020. Το τρίτο μέρος της διατριβής είναι αφιερωμένο σε διαδικασίες επικύρωσης δορυφορικών δεδομένων χρησιμοποιώντας ως σύνολο δεδομένων αναφοράς, μετρήσεις lidar από επίγειους σταθμούς που ανήκουν στο EARLINET. Συγκεκριμένα, εστιάζουμε στο προϊόν που αναφέρεται στην ανάκτηση ύψους στρώματος αερολύματος από παθητικούς δορυφορικούς αισθητήρες. Στα πλαίσια της διατριβής χρησιμοποιούνται τα προϊόντα GOME-2 Absorbing Aerosol height (AAH) και τα προϊόντα TROPOMI Aerosol Layer Height (ALH). Για τις ανάγκες της μελέτης, αναπτύχθηκε η κατάλληλη μεθοδολογία με τη χρήση προηγμένων αλγορίθμων στοχεύοντας σε αυτοματοποιημένες διαδικασίες σε σχεδόν πραγματικό χρόνο. Τα αποτελέσματα που παρουσιάζονται υποδεικνύουν τα πλεονεκτήματα και τους περιορισμούς των δορυφορικών προϊόντων, αξιολογώντας την απόδοση των αλγορίθμων ανάκτησης. Ακόμη, στο τέλος της εργασίας πραγματοποιείται η αξιολόγηση του προϊόντος ύψους του στρώματος SO2 (SO2 Layer Height) όπως ανακτάται από τον TROPOMI/S5P έ-ναντι των μετρήσεων από το lidar CALIOP/CALIPSO για συγκεκριμένες περιπτώσεις ηφαιστειακών εκρήξεων.
The therapeutic effect and safety profile of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: mikha Mikha , Ardianson Deswanto Isaac
Published: October 2023

Background: Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) has been indicated to relieve local perineal symptoms caused by Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS). Current research has examined the efficacy of ESWT in CPPS patients. Different types of energy generators for ESWT lead to development of different clinical protocols for treatment of CP/CPPS. Therefore in this review, we aimed to compare the clinical protocol, efficacy and safety profile of all these different ESWT machines in CP/CPPS treatment.

Methods: A systematic literature search of 3 search engines (PubMed, Scielo, and Science Directs) was undertaken using the following keywords: Chronic Prostatitis, Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome, and Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. This review included original studies that evaluated the efficacy and clinical protocol of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Chronic prostatitis or Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome that are fully written in English with full-text articles readily available. This article excluded letters to the editor, reviews, and editorials about prostatitis other than CPPS.

Results: The search strategy yielded 8 journals that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria from all 3 search engines. These 8 studies included 3 different types of energy generators (Piezoelectric, Electropneumatic, and Electromagnetic) with different protocols applied. All 3 types of energy generators of ESWT can effectively decrease all domains of CPSI score within 12 months of follow-up (P-value 0,05). The limitations of this systematic review include the restricted variety of energy generators with the lack of openly registered protocols.

Conclusions: In Conclusion, ESWT provides significant improvement in clinical symptoms as compared to oral medications alone. These therapeutic effects are also observed in all different types of energy generators with different clinical protocols with similar safety profiles.
Case Report: Management of self-injurious habit in a pediatric patient using soft splint
Authors: Kabra Sakshi , Thosar Nilima , Khubchandani Monika , Singi Shriya
Published: October 2023

Mouth ulcer is a common clinical manifestation of the oral cavity that occurs in the oral mucosa and is usually associated with a variety of causes and diseases. This type of habitual injury in children is transient and tends to worsen over time. Various treatment options have been implemented, therefore in this case, the treatment of cheek biting was performed using palliative therapy in conjunction with a soft occlusal splint in a 9-year-old child. The treatment plan involved a soft occlusal splint along with antibiotic coverage and multivitamin therapy. After 1 month follow-up complete healing of the ulcer was seen. This case presented a conservative treatment approach for repeated cheek biting without harm to the tooth structure. Early detection of lesions and identification of risk factors allows for a more conservative clinical approach. It is preferable to rule out the cause behind the lesion and accordingly plan the treatment which fits the patient's needs.
The height premium: a literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Puett Chloe , Behrman Jere , Pecenka Clint , Sudfeld Christopher
Published: October 2023

The association between adult height and labor-market wages, or the “height premium” (HP), is an important input for quantifying potential economic benefits of nutritional interventions promoting growth. A large economics literature has evaluated this association; however, HP estimates differ greatly depending on the study populations and statistical methodologies used. We conducted a meta-analysis of HP estimates to describe the differences in estimates with different statistical methodologies and to examine potential effect modification of the HP by sex and country income category. We performed meta-analyses for studies using instrumental variables (IV) and ordinary least squares (OLS) methods, separately. OLS estimates were separated into those that were “low-adjusted” for confounding variables and “high-adjusted” for at least one common mediator variable, specifically cognition or schooling. Overall, in a total of 12 studies, the pooled estimates for IV studies indicated that each centimeter increase in height was associated with 3.58% greater wages (95% CI: 1.62-5.54%; I2=97.5%, p<0.001)). In the 24 total OLS studies, low-adjusted estimates indicated an HP of 1.06% (95% CI: 0.85-1.28%, I2=95.5%, p<0.001), while for high-adjusted estimates the HP was only 0.57% (95% CI: 0.41-0.73%, I2=95.8%, p<0.001). Further, the meta-analysis found evidence of effect modification by sex in OLS estimates but not IV, and for both IV and OLS for country income category. Overall, the literature suggests a robust association between adult height and wages; however, the magnitude of the estimate appears to be dependent on statistical methods and covariates selected for multivariable models. Our findings also suggest there may be differences by sex and country income category. Additional analyses are needed taking into account a causal inference framework and, if adult height is being used to capture the cumulative effect on wages of nutritional exposures from conception through adulthood, studies should not adjust for potential mediators including cognition and schooling.
When is a brain organoid a sentience candidate?
Authors: Birch Jonathan
Published: October 2023

It would be unwise to dismiss the possibility of human brain organoids developing sentience. However, scepticism about this idea is appropriate when considering current organoids. It is a point of consensus that a brainstem-dead human is not sentient, and current organoids lack a functioning brainstem. There are nonetheless troubling early warning signs, suggesting organoid research may create forms of sentience in the near future. To err on the side of caution, researchers with very different views about the neural basis of sentience should unite behind the “brainstem rule”: if a neural organoid develops or innervates a functioning brainstem that registers and prioritizes its needs, regulates arousal, and leads to sleep-wake cycles, then it is a sentience candidate. If organoid research leads to the creation of sentience candidates, a moratorium or indefinite ban on the creation of the relevant type of organoid may be appropriate. A different way forward, more consistent with existing approaches to animal research, would be to require ethical review and harm-benefit analysis for all research on sentience candidates.
Spatial variability of urban forest topsoil properties: towards representative and robust sampling design
Authors: Galle Nadina , Brinton William , Vos Robin , Duarte Fábio , Collier Marcus , Ratti Carlo , Pilla Francesco
Published: October 2023

Background:Soil spatial variability is a major concern when deciding how to collect a representative topsoil sample for laboratory analysis. Sampling design to capture site-specific variability is documented in the agricultural literature, but poorly understood for urban forest soils where soils may be characterized by strong horizontal and vertical variability and large temporal anthropogenic disturbances.

Methods:This paper evaluates the spatial variability of selected topsoil properties under urban trees to define a statistically robust sampling design that optimizes the number of samples to reliably characterize basal soil respiration (BSR), a property associated with soil health. To provide a reference on variability, two additional soil properties were measured, unrelated to BSR: electrical conductivity (EC) and bulk density (BD). Thirteen sampling sites comprising both park and street trees (Acer rubrum) were selected in Cambridge, MA, USA.

Results:Results indicate street tree topsoil had approximately twice as much variation, requiring more intensive sampling, as did park tree topsoil, even though street trees had smaller soil sampling zones, constricted by tree pits. The variability of BSR was nearly identical to that of EC, and BD results varied least. A large number of samples would be required for acceptable levels of statistical reliability (90% CI - 10% ER) of 44.4, 41.7, and 6.4 for BSR, EC, and BD, respectively, whereas by accepting a lower level of certainty (80% CI - 20% ER) the number of required soil samples was calculated as 6.8, 6.4, and 0.4 for BSR, EC, and BD, respectively.

Conclusions:The use of EC testing as a baseline measure to determine spatial variation in the topsoil is proposed, to alleviate the financial implications of more expensive BSR testing. Factors of topsoil disturbance and soil access restrictions at sites with severe root-sidewalk conflicts and the overall generalizability of the results are also discussed.
Lexical data for the historical comparison of Rgyalrongic languages
Authors: Lai Yunfan , List Johann-Mattis
Published: October 2023

As one of the most morphologically conservative branches of the Sino-Tibetan language family, most of the Rgyalrongic languages are still understudied and poorly understood, not to mention their vulnerable or endangered status. It is therefore important for available data of these languages to be made accessible. The lexical data sets the authors have assembled provide comparative word lists of 20 modern and medieval Rgyalrongic languages, consisting of word lists from fieldwork carried out by the first author and other colleagues as well as published word lists by other authors. In particular, data of the two Khroskyabs varieties were collected by the first author from 2011 to 2016. Cognate identification is based on the authors' expertise in Rgyalrong historical linguistics through application of the comparative method. We curated the data by conducting phonemic segmentation and partial cognate annotation. The data sets can be used by historical linguists interested in the etymology and the phylogeny of the languages in question, and they can use them to answer questions regarding individual word histories or the subgrouping of languages in this important branch of Sino-Tibetan.
The genome sequence of the Large Brook Dun, Ecdyonurus torrentis (Kimmins, 1942)
Authors: Farr Andrew , Macadam Craig ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Ecdyonurus torrentis (the Large Brook Dun; Arthropoda; Insecta; Ephemeroptera; Heptageniidae). The genome sequence is 503.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.69 kilobases in length.
Development of a mathematical model for the analysis of the undisturbed state of a thermal power hydraulic system
Authors: Sazonova Svetlana , Korablin Sergey , Akamsina N.
Published: October 2023

The sequence of development of a model for analyzing the undisturbed state of a thermal power hydraulic system - a heat supply system, which is an important stage in the design and optimization of the system, is considered. The main parameters of the system are analyzed, such as thermal loads, heat flows, heat transfer through pipes and heat exchangers, location and characteristics of equipment (boilers, pumps, etc.). A mathematical model of the system has been developed, which should take into account all the main factors affecting heat transfer and the efficiency of the system. The model is presented in the form of a system of equations and includes parameters such as temperature, pressure, coolant flow, etc. Based on this model, it is possible to analyze various operating modes of the system, optimize parameters and make decisions to improve it. When developing the model, the possibility of various disturbances was taken into account. To analyze the unperturbed state of the system, the influence of such disturbances is excluded and its basic operation is considered. When developing a flow distribution analysis model for a heat and power system, energy equivalence was used. The developed model for analyzing the undisturbed state of a thermal power system will make it possible to more accurately design and control such a hydraulic system, improve its efficiency and reliability.
Modeling and computer visualization of the process of sound waves passing and scattering in a lightweight soundproof panel with a corrugated diamond-shaped structure
Authors: Asminin Viktor , Druzhinina Elena , Sazonova Svetlana
Published: October 2023

Acoustic screens used at industrial enterprises for noise reduction and creation of comfortable working conditions are considered. It is proposed to use a new design of a portable lightweight soundproof panel with a corrugated diamond-shaped structure. The results of mathematical modeling of the process of sound transmission and propagation in a portable lightweight soundproof panel are presented. Modeling of sound propagation in the studied medium was performed by using a mesh model with concentrated parameters. The mathematical model is a system of differential equations, the solution of which makes it possible to determine the mechanical behavior of the system based on the specified parameters. The Runge-Kutta method of the second order was used for the numerical implementation of the mathematical model. An analytical formula is obtained for the nodes in the design scheme depending on the parameters of the sound-proofing panel under study. The developed model, due to its versatility, allows us to model the propagation of sound with the most diverse characteristics. Three types of sounds were selected for the main computer experiments: sinusoidal, single pulse of straight-angle shape, single pulse of Gaussian shape. The calculation of the characteristics of sound absorption is performed. An algorithm for the passage of sound through a soundproof panel has been developed. The initial and boundary conditions and assumptions of the model are given. The software implementation of the model has been performed. The results of computer modeling are present-ed and analyzed, proving the effective sound absorption of the proposed portable lightweight soundproof panel.
Technology of RTL product description model development in the development of CAD soft-ware and analytical complex
Authors: Shehovcov Dmitriy , Plotnikov A. , Zolnikov Konstantin , Zarevich Anton
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the development of a proprietary CAD system designed for the design of various digital microelectronics devices. The presented works were carried out by VSFEU in cooperation with ROSELECTRONICS Holding. Cadence software was used to simulate a digital microprocessor based on SYNTACORE's 32-bit SCR1 core with the implementation of the IMC instruction set. The synthesis of the RTL model for testing was carried out in automatic mode and included a stage of testing for synthesizability and a stage of direct synthesis. The synthesis was carried out on the basis of standard library elements of the selected technology for the 130 nm process of the HHGRACE factory. For the created model, a test of the connection list (netlist) was performed, while the logical model was replaced by a list of circuits. Then the calculation of the power consumed by the circuit was carried out. At the end of the development, various tests aimed at verifying the correctness of the RTL code were carried out for the ready-made model - tests for compliance with specificity, tests for edge cases (corner case testing), tests based on applied tasks and algorithmic testing (real code testing), as well as tests for pico-high performance and throughput of switches and interfaces.
Relationships between the parameters of uric acid exchange and electroencephalograms in humans
Authors: Bombushkar Igor , Popovych Igor , Zukow Walery
Published: October 2023

Background. During the implementation of the project "Physiological activity of uric acid", our group discovered four variants of the combination of levels of uricemia and uricosuria both in healthy rats and in people with chronic pyelonephritis and cholecystitis in the remission phase, which are accompanied by characteristic constellations of parameters of the autonomic nervous, endocrine, and immune systems, as well as the exchange of nitrogenous metabolites and electrolytes, the levels of which correlate with uricemia and/or uricosuria. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between parameters of uric acid metabolism and electroencephalogram (EEG) in humans. Materials and methods. Under an observations were 34 males and 10 females by age 24-76 years with chronic pyelonephritis and cholecystitis in the phase of remission. The object of the study was serum and urine levels of uric acid (uricase method) as well as EEG. Results. It was identified 12 parameters as characteristic of uric acid metabolism clusters. Another 42 EEG parameters were found to be out of the discriminant model, despite the clear recognition ability. A strong canonical correlation between EEG parameters and uricemia (R=0,729) and a moderate correlation with uricosuria (R=0,553) were revealed. Even stronger connections were found between changes in parameters of uric acid metabolism and EEG under the influence of balneotherapy: R=0,901 and 0,681 respectively. Conclusion. Uric acid has both activating and inhibitory effects on EEG parameters. The neurotropic effect of uric acid as a structural analogue of methylxanthines and adenosine is realized, apparently, through various adenosine receptors.
Entrevista a M.ª Patrocinio Las Heras. Trabajador Social
Authors: Novillo García Belén , Yusta Tirado Rubén , García Cano Francisco
Published: October 2023

Han pasado ya algunos meses desde la publicación del libro "Trabajo Social y Servicios Sociales. Conocimiento y Ética", y hemos de decir que, debido a la situación de pandemia, se ha quedado en el tintero una presentación de este en el Colegio Oficial de Trabajo Social de Madrid. Sin duda se trata de una más de las cuestiones de las que nos ha privado este 2020, pero desde el Colegio Oficial de Trabajo Social de Madrid y desde la Revista Trabajo Social Hoy, no queríamos dejar pasar la oportunidad de entrevistarnos con su autora y una de las referentes en Trabajo Social de nuestros días: M.ª Patrocinio Las Heras. Ciertamente sobran las presentaciones de una trabajadora social que ha contribuido a conformar la disciplina y la profesión tal y como la conocemos hoy en día, tanto con su trayectoria profesional, con sus publicaciones científicas y con uno de los libros claves para entender la profesión y acercarnos a la disciplina del Trabajo Social: "Introducción al Bienestar Social".
New Insights into the Nature of the 5q- Deletion Syndrome Based on Quantitative Measurement of BAALC- Expressing Stem Cell Burdens
Authors: Mamaev Nikolay N. , Shakirova Alena I. , Gindina Tatiana L. , Latypova Maria V. , Barkhatov Ildar M. , Sadykov Airat M. , Riumin Sergey S. , Kuznetsov Yurii N. , Kulagin Alexander D.
Published: October 2023

A discovery of nonrandom recurrent interstitial aberration at the long arm of chromosome 5 was made by Van den Berghe et al. in 1974. For a long time, this entity was classified as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Meanwhile, its definition as well as classification criteria were repeatedly changed due to both clinical studies and advances in new techniques. In particular an insufficiency of ribosome-forming protein (RPS14) gene was found soon after similar gene RPS19 discovery in patients with severe inherited Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA). It cannot be excluded that basic pathogenetic mechanisms, including participation of activated gene TP53, seem to be similar in both entities.

This article for the first time presents the quantitative data on the BAALC expression in the majority (25/31) of patients tested with 5q- deletions to be under the cut-off values. It concerns a group of 14/16 patients with isolated 5q- anomaly, and 11 other cases in whom 5q- deletion was combined with additional non-identical chromosomal aberrations. On the contrary, this molecular parameter exceeded the cut-off levels in all (n=10) MDS patients without 5q- abnormality. Hence, these data might effectively support an assumption of a ribosomopathy in cases of isolated 5q- deletion. Since about 8-10 % of these patients are transformed into MDS and/or secondary AML, a possible exclusion of isolated 5q- deletion syndrome from MDS category should be discussed carefully and this assumption is needed an additional support in larger studies.
Posterior sternoclavicular dislocation in a 15-year old boy: case report
Authors: Kralj Rok , Bumči Bruno , Pejić Josip , Bumči Igor , Žic Rado , Višnjić Stjepan
Published: October 2023

Posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation is a very rare injury, representing less than 5% of all shoulder girdle injuries. While anterior dislocations may be treated non-operatively, posterior dislocations should either be reduced closed or open and fixed. In cases of concomitant injuries to the mediastinal structures, an open reduction is mandatory. We present a case of a 15-year old boy who presented with a posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation without concomitant injuries in whom we have performed a chest X-ray but a computerised tomography was needed for a definitive diagnosis. An open reduction and cerclage with 3 non-absorbable sutures provided a stable fixation and the patient remained free of symptoms during the follow-up period.
INFLUENCE OF BINDERS, MIX PROPORTIONS, AND FABRICATION METHOD ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF FLY ASH AGGREGATE
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Synergy Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dhenkanal-759001, Odisha, India, Dash Subhakanta , Gupta Piyush , Mustakim Syed Mohammed ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, NCR Campus, Delhi-NCR Campus, Delhi-Meerut Road, Modinagar-201204, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India,   Department of Environment and Sustainability, CSIR-IMMT, Bhubaneswar-751013, Odisha, India, Mohanty Itishree ,   Department of Chemistry, Synergy Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dhenkanal-759001, Odisha, India
Published: October 2023

In this paper, two types of lightweight fly ash (FA) aggregates: cold bonded fly ash (CFA) and sintered fly ash (SFA) aggregates were prepared through the cold bonding and sintering method. During the pelletization process, different ratios of binders to fly ash were used, i.e., 10:90, 15:85, 17:83, and 20:80 with a set amount of water. Cement, metakaolin, sodium silicate, urea-formaldehyde resin, bentonite powder, and phenol-formaldehyde resin were employed as binders. A comparative study on physicochemical, mechanical, phase identification, microstructure, and optical analysis of CFA and SFA was performed. The results showed that CFA (an alkali binder) had a higher water absorption (WA) value of 9,50 % with a crushing strength (CS) value of 6,30 MPa than SFA (sodium silicate binder) with a CS value of 5,80 MPa and a WA value of 10,28 %. Experimental observations also demonstrated that the leaching ability of SFA was considerably lower than that of CFA. Most notably, SFA can be used as a substitute for construction material and structural applications along with solving FA waste disposal and related problems to a considerable extent.
Myth, Modernity, and the Legacy of the Axial Age: Taylor, Habermas, Assmann, and Jaspers
Authors: Dege Carmen Lea
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This article analyzes the legacy of the idea of an Axial Age with a particular focus on Habermas, Taylor, Assmann, and Jaspers. I ask what has motivated the use of the concept and illustrate the ways in which it is situated in the twentieth-century debate on myth. I then respond to the limitations of the concept’s legacy and turn to two overlooked elements of Jaspers’s initial intervention: In contrast to the dominant discourse, he argued that myth changed its form and was not replaced by logos; he also argued that the Axial Age failed rather than succeeded.
Historians of Ideas Rush in Where Stratigraphers Fear to Tread
Authors: Chaplin Joyce E.
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Humanist and scientific analyses of the Anthropocene concept may be distinctive as a coinvestigation across disciplinary borders. While scientists only in 2023 hypothesized the Anthropocene’s inception in the 1950s (as measured by atomic residue), humanists have for several decades been investigating the concept as a probable reality and argue for its longer chronology. The six books reviewed here identify the early modern period, especially the eighteenth century, as a convincing moment of transition, indicating a longer era of relevant anthropogenic activity. This periodization has important implications for addressing the ongoing environmental crisis, which will require both humanist and scientific knowledge.
Low-cross-talk and thermo-insensitive CWDM (de)multiplexer assisted with compact MZIs and slot waveguides
Authors: Zou Yuting , Lin Zongxing , He Sailing
Published: October 2023

A low-cross-talk and thermo-insensitive 1×4 coarse wavelength-division multiplexing device is proposed on the silicon-on-insulator platform with the help of compact Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) and slot waveguides. The compact MZIs are used to achieve wavelength-insensitive power splitting. In the phase shifters, the trade-off between the opposite thermo-optical coefficients of the Si core and SU8 cladding in the slot waveguide is used to overcome the strong thermo-optic effect of silicon. The simulated results show that the cross talk is less than −20dB at central wavelengths and the temperature-dependent wavelength shift is reduced to ∼4.7pm/∘C. For the four channels, the 1-dB and 3-dB bandwidths are ∼14nm and ∼18nm, respectively.
Compact dual-parameter sensor design based on a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity with chirped slotted annular holes
Authors: Hu Xiang , Hu Yanchao , Zhang Wenhao , Hu Jing , Li Feng , Su Wei , Wu Hong
Published: October 2023

A compact photonic crystal nanobeam cavity with a 20µm×0.8µm footprint supporting simultaneous air and dielectric resonant modes is proposed for dual-parameter sensing of refractive index and temperature. The structure consists of a row of chirped annular holes and an air-slot etched in an asymmetrical silicon slab. By tapering the lattice period and hole radius, the bands for air and dielectric modes shift in opposite directions, enabling confinement in a single cavity. Numerical simulations determine refractive index sensitivities of 173.59 nm/RIU for the air mode and 286.82 nm/RIU for the dielectric mode. Temperature sensitivities are 69.6 pm/°C and 78.7 pm/°C for the two modes, respectively. The structure demonstrates strong resistance to external interference with refractive index and temperature disturbance resistance coefficients of 2.3×10−5 and 0.07. The high sensitivities in an ultracompact footprint with resistance to crosstalk make this dual-mode nanocavity promising for on-chip biochemical sensing applications.
Wafer-scale fabrication of high-Q Ta2O5 microresonator
Authors: Kitora Hiroki , Funakoshi Mayu , Nishimoto Kenji , Minoshima Kaoru , Kuse Naoya
Published: October 2023

We fabricate high-Q Ta2O5 microresonators, in which i-line UV lithography is used for the pattering of a photoresisit for wafer-scale fabrication, showing an intrinsic Q of more than 4 million for a microresonator.
Inverse-Designed Polarization Rotator-Splitter Monolithically Integrated with 75 GHz Photodetectors on InP
Authors: Boerma Hendrik , Perestjuk Marko , Schindler Alexander , Keyvaninia Shahram , Runge Patrick , Schell Martin
Published: October 2023

A dual-photodetector PIC with an integrated inverse-designed polarization rotator-splitter for polarization demultiplexing is presented. The PIC has a responsivity of 0.15 A/W at 1550 nm and a polarization extinction ratio better than 13 dB for both paths.
High-efficiency Electro-Optic Modulators in Lithium Niobate on Insulator
Authors: Chen Nuo , Yu Yalong , Lou Kangping , He Xuanjian , Mi Qingjiao , Huang Ying , Yue Hengsong , Chu Tao
Published: October 2023

We propose two novel methods to enhance the modulation efficiency of thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulators. The proposed modulator achieves a modulation efficiency of 1.2 V∙cm, while maintaining a broad EO bandwidth.
Optical Injection Locking of Different Distributed Reflector Laser Types
Authors: Berisha Arbnor , Boerma Hendrik , Runge Patrick , Schell Martin
Published: October 2023

The linewidth and behavior of a single grating DFB and a complex sampled grating (SG) DBR laser under injection locking is investigated. Both laser types show the same linewidth in the locked state. In contrast to the cc-DFB, the SG-DBR has greater mode stability outside the locking range.
Optical phased array based on InGaAlAs phase modulators in an InP photonic integration platform
Authors: Dolores-Calzadilla V. , Lemaitre F. , Gagino M. , Pustakhod D. , van Veldhoven P.J. , Bolk J. , Yao W. , Williams K.
Published: October 2023

We designed and fabricated a 24-channel optical phased array based on InGaAlAs phase modulators compatible with a generic InP photonic platform. We characterized its performance in the wavelength range 1530nm – 1630nm, and demonstrated proof-of-concept beamforming.
Multi-frequency self injection locking
Authors: Danilin Andrei , Bilenko Igor
Published: October 2023

We have performed an experimental study on the multi-frequency self-injection locking of a multimode semiconductor laser to a ring microresonator. We deterministically varied the number of locking lines equally spaced by 1 THz.
Filling the gap of silicon nitride photonic platform functionalities using micro-transfer printing
Authors: Billet Maximilien , Vanackere Tom , Vandekerckhove Tom , Niels Margot , Reis Luis , Maes Dennis , Kiewiet Max , Akritidis Konstantinos , Cuyvers Stijn , Poelman Stijn , Reep Tom , Oliva Valeria Bonito , Leo Francois , Roelkens Gunther , Kuyken Bart
Published: October 2023

In this work we demonstrate the heterogeneous integration of active devices on the SiN photonic platform using micro-transfer printing and we will discuss the remaining technological challenges
Spectral broadening of a Kerr microresonator soliton comb via the use of a coupled-ring microresonator
Authors: Nishimoto Kenji , Minoshima Kaoru , Kuse Naoya
Published: October 2023

We demonstrated the spectral broadening of a dissipative Kerr microresonator soliton comb by inducing a local resonance frequency shift of the pumped resonance mode via the avoided-mode crossing in a coupled-ring microresonator.
Gallium Arsenide Optical Phased Array Beam Steering Photonic Integrated Circuit
Authors: Nickerson Michael , Brookhyser Jim , Erwin Gregory , Song Bowen , Kleinert Jan , Klamkin Jonathan
Published: October 2023

A 16-channel optical phased array is fabricated on a gallium arsenide photonic integrated circuit platform for operation near 1064 nanometers. The array demonstrates 0.92° beamwidth, 15.3° grating-lobe-free steering range, and 12 dB sidelobe suppression.
Silicon Photonic Transceiver for Spacecraft Navigational Lidar
Authors: Dostart Nathan , Gragossian Aram , Amzajerdian Farzin , Lundgren Christin , Wilson F. Guy , Hines Glenn D. , Barnes Bruce W.
Published: October 2023

We describe development of a silicon photonic optical transceiver for integration into NASA’s Navigation Doppler Lidar. We demonstrate lidar operation using the on-chip optical balanced receiver.
Temperature Dependent Performance Analysis Near Critical Coupling : Microdisc versus Microring Resonators
Authors: KV Suvarna Parvathy , Goswami Arnab , Das Bijoy Krishna
Published: October 2023

We observed significant differences in transmission characteristics between microdisc and microring resonators depending on operating temperatures. The resonance extinction of microdisc resonators near critical coupling is found to be highly temperature sensitive (30dB over 5K).
Design of a TE0-TE2 Bidirectional Mode Converter using Subwavelength Gratings
Authors: Hong Seokjin , Neseli Berkay , Kim Jae-Yong , Park Hyo-Hoon , Kurt Hamza
Published: October 2023

We designed a TE0-TE2 bidirectional mode converter using subwavelength gratings. The dimensions of the converter were optimized through particle swarm optimization. The conversion efficiency of the converter is over 93.5% within a 1500-1600 nm bandwidth.