bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of RapidPlan Knowledge-Based Model for Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ayuthaya Isra Israngkul Na , Suriyapee Sivalee , Sanghangthum Taweap
Published: November 2022

Aims and Objectives:

This study aims to investigate the viability of using RapidPlan (RP) knowledge-based (KB) treatment plans to initiate the new prostate volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans.

Materials and Methods:

The planning data for 120 prostate VMAT treatment plans were entered into the RP system's database. The database of previous VMAT plans was divided into four model groups for training in the RP system. The models were based on the numbers of 20, 60, and 120 prostate VMAT plans. The model of 120 plans used automated priority and manual priority for the optimization process. The models of 20 and 60 plans used only manual priority for optimization. Each model was validated on 15 cases of new prostate cancer patients by comparing RP model plans against manual clinical plans optimized according to the clinical dose constraints.

Results:

The RP models can estimate the dose comparable target volume to the manual clinical plan, which evaluated values of Dmax, D95%, D98%, HI, and CI and showed comparable results. For the normal organ doses of the bladder, rectum, penile bulb, and femoral head, all RP models exhibited a comparable or better dose than the manual clinical plan, except for the RP models using the automated priority for the optimization process, which cannot control the rectum dose below the dose constraints.

Conclusions:

The Varian RP KB planning can produce comparable doses or better doses with the clinical manual in a single optimization, although the RP model uses a minimum requirement of the planning number for the model training. The RP models can enhance the efficacy and quality of plans, which depend on the number of VMAT plans used in RP model training for prostate cancer.
Monte Carlo Study on Dose Distributions Around 192Ir, 169Yb, and 125I Brachytherapy Sources Using EGSnrc-based egs_brachy User-code
Authors: Mishra Subhalaxmi , Mishra Bibekananda , Selvam T. Palani , Deshpande Sudesh , Pathan Munir Shabbir , Kumar Rajesh
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

As per the recommendations of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 43, Monte Carlo (MC) investigators should reproduce previously published dose distributions whenever new features of the code are explored. The purpose of the present study is to benchmark the TG-43 dosimetric parameters calculated using the new MC user-code egs_brachy of EGSnrc code system for three different radionuclides 192Ir, 169Yb, and 125I which represent high-, intermediate-, and low-energy sources, respectively.

Materials and Methods:

Brachytherapy sources investigated in this study are high-dose rate (HDR) 192Ir VariSource (Model VS2000), 169Yb HDR (Model 4140), and 125I -low-dose-rate (LDR) (Model OcuProsta). The TG-43 dosimetric parameters such as air-kerma strength, S
k, dose rate constant, Λ, radial dose function, g(r) and anisotropy function, F(r,θ) and two-dimensional (2D) absorbed dose rate data (along-away table) are calculated in a cylindrical water phantom of mass density 0.998 g/cm3 using the MC code egs_brachy. Dimensions of phantom considered for 192Ir VS2000 and 169Yb sources are 80 cm diameter ×80 cm height, whereas for 125I OcuProsta source, 30 cm diameter ×30 cm height cylindrical water phantom is considered for MC calculations.

Results:

The dosimetric parameters calculated using egs_brachy are compared against the values published in the literature. The calculated values of dose rate constants from this study agree with the published values within statistical uncertainties for all investigated sources. Good agreement is found between the egs_brachy calculated radial dose functions, g(r), anisotropy functions, and 2D dose rate data with the published values (within 2%) for the same phantom dimensions. For 192Ir VS2000 source, difference of about 28% is observed in g(r) value at 18 cm from the source which is due to differences in the phantom dimensions.

Conclusion:

The study validates TG-43 dose parameters calculated using egs_brachy for 192Ir, 169Yb, and 125I brachytherapy sources with the values published in the literature.
Development of a Fast Fourier Transform-based Analytical Method for COVID-19 Diagnosis from Chest X-Ray Images Using GNU Octave
Authors: Majumder Durjoy
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Many artificial intelligence-based computational procedures are developed to diagnose COVID-19 infection from chest X-ray (CXR) images, as diagnosis by CXR imaging is less time consuming and economically cheap compared to other detection procedures. Due to unavailability of skilled computer professionals and high computer architectural resource, majority of the employed methods are difficult to implement in rural and poor economic settings. Majority of such reports are devoid of codes and ignores related diseases (pneumonia). The absence of codes makes limitation in applying them widely. Hence, validation testing followed by evidence-based medical practice is difficult. The present work was aimed to develop a simple method that requires a less computational expertise and minimal level of computer resource, but with statistical inference.

Materials and Methods:

A Fast Fourier Transform-based (FFT) method was developed with GNU Octave, a free and open-source platform. This was employed to the images of CXR for further analysis. For statistical inference, two variables, i.e., the highest peak and number of peaks in the FFT distribution plot were considered.

Results:

The comparison of mean values among different groups (normal, COVID-19, viral, and bacterial pneumonia [BP]) showed statistical significance, especially when compared to normal, except between viral and BP groups.

Conclusion:

Parametric statistical inference from our result showed high level of significance (P < 0.001). This is comparable to the available artificial intelligence-based methods (where accuracy is about 94%). Developed method is easy, availability with codes, and requires a minimal level of computer resource and can be tested with a small sample size in different demography, and hence, be implemented in a poor socioeconomic setting.
Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Putative Senescence Associated Gene 21 in Stevia Rebaudiana Accession MS007
Authors: Mustafa Nur Farhana , Mohamad Nazar Siti Noor Eliana , Rahim Zabirah Abdul , Samsulrizal Nurul Hidayah
Published: November 2022

Background:

Stevia rebaudiana is a perennial semi-shrub plant which comes from the Asteraceae family, with an approximate height of around 30 cm. The leaves of Stevia are small, elliptic, and serrated, measuring 2 to 4 cm long. It has been used commercially as a natural sweetener in Japan due to the steviol glycosides (SGs) content in the leaves. The stevioside content is 300 times sweeter than sucrose. It has non-nutritive values, which is good for diabetes and obesity patients. The SGs content in Stevia can be improved by increasing light exposure (long day condition). The Senescence Associated Gene 21 (SAG21) gene is one of the interesting genes to be identified and discovered in Stevia.

Aims and Objectives:

The objectives of this research were to identify and characterise the SAG21 gene using in silico analysis.

Materials and Methods:

These data analyses were obtained using ExPASy, blastP, InterPro, Pfam, TMHMM, ProtParam, and MEGA software.

Results:

Putative SAG21 MS007 showed high homology with the SAG21 gene in Helianthus annuus with a high percentage of identity, which was 80.90%. It also confirmed that the putative SAG21 MS007 protein contained the domain LEA_3. It was usually found in land plants and accumulated heavily in the last stage of seed formation. ProtParam analysis found that the putative SAG21 protein was a stable globular protein. TMHMM analysis predicted that this protein is a hydrophilic protein and is located outside of transmembrane helices.

Conclusion:

The phylogenetic tree showed that the putative SAG21 MS007 gene had a close relationship with the SAG21 protein of H. annuus, with a bootstrap value of more than 70%.
Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Induction Activity of Protein Isolated from Blood Clam (Anadara (Tegillarca) granosa, Linnaeus 1758) Against Breast Cancer t47d Cell Line
Authors: Ardi Putra Faruk Rokhman , Setyabudi Rebekah J , Wijayanti Nastiti , Indah Budhy Theresia S
Published: November 2022

Background:

Cancer has become a major cause of death today. These risk factors are also balanced with the development of drugs, one of which comes from nature. Medical products derived from natural resources such as blood clam (Anadara (tegillarca) granosa) have been already developed. Crude protein extracted from blood calm contains a 20-kDa protein which had been known to be able to inhibit the growth of HT-29 cell line.

Purpose:

This study aimed to determine cytotoxic activity and apoptotic effect of crude protein which is isolated from blood calm against breast cancer T47d cell line.

Materials and Methods:

This study used the ammonium sulfate precipitation method for the isolation of a crude protein of blood clams. MTT assay method was performed to determine cytotoxicity and to know the value of IC50, apoptosis test qualitatively and quantitatively was done by double-staining using ethidium bromide and acridine orange as well as flow cytometric dye using annexin V dyes and propidium iodide.

Findings:

Crude protein clams of blood have IC50 value of 11.11μg/ml and can induce apoptosis of breast cancer cell line (T47D) at 15 μg/ml concentration by double-staining method, but the calculation with flow cytometry method still shows different results in this study.

Research Limitations:

This study observed the inhibitory concentration of crude extract consisting of proteins with various molecular weights against the t47d cell line.

Originality:

The results of this study indicate that crude protein clams are cytotoxic and can induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines (T47D).
Prevalence and outcomes associated with hypocalcaemia and hypercalcaemia among pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients with mineral and bone disorder
Authors: Yong Mei Hui Amanda , Seng Jun Jie Benjamin , Tan Ying Lin Cheryl , Wong Jiunn , How Priscilla
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disease (CKD-MBD) is a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) involving derangements in serum calcium and phosphate. This study aims to evaluate hypo- and hypercalcaemia and their associated outcomes among pre-dialysis CKD patients.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was performed and included all adult CKD stage 4–stage 5 patients who were on treatment for CKD-MBD between 2016 and 2017. Each patient was followed up for 3 years. Hypo- and hypercalcaemia were defined as serum corrected calcium (Ca2+) <2.10 and >2.46 mmol/L, respectively. Outcomes evaluated included all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was done to evaluate the association of hypocalcaemia and/or hypercalcaemia with the clinical outcomes. Severity of hypocalcaemia episode was classified as ‘mild’ (Ca2+: between 1.90 and 2.10 mmol/L) and ‘severe’ (Ca2+: <1.90 mmol/L). Severity of hypercalcaemia was classified as ‘mild’ (Ca2+: between 2.47 and 3.00 mmol/L), moderate (Ca2+: between 3.01 and 3.50 mmol/L) and severe (Ca2+: >3.50 mmol/L).

Results:

Of the 400 patients, 169 (42.2%) and 94 (23.5%) patients experienced hypocalcaemia and hypercalcaemia, respectively. Severe hypocalcaemia was more prevalent in CKD stage 5 compared to CKD stage 4 (96 [40.5%] vs. 36 [25.9%], P = 0.004). Results from multivariate analyses after adjustment showed that hypocalcaemia and/or hypercalcaemia were not associated with all-cause mortality (P > 0.05) or the occurrence of cardiovascular events (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Hypocalcaemia and hypercalcaemia episodes were prevalent among pre-dialysis CKD patients. Studies with longer follow-up durations are required to assess the effects of calcium derangements on clinical outcomes.
Digital interference signal filtering on laser interface for optical fiber communication
Authors: Zhang Shengnan , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION: Fiber laser communication is a communication method that uses laser and fiber medium to realize data transmission and information output
OBJECTIVES: In order to reduce the signal interference of optical fiber communication laser interface and ensure the communication quality of optical fiber network. A filtering method of optical fiber communication laser interface interference signal based on digital filtering technology is designed.
METHODS: In this paper, the interface model of optical fiber communication network is firstly constructed, and the interface noise signal is input into the digital filter bank. The digital quadrature filtering method and the least square algorithm are used to separate the denoised signals to reduce the crosstalk between the signals in the channel. In this way, the crosstalk component in the signal can be filtered out, and a better filtering processing effect of the laser interface interference signal can be achieved.
RESULTS: The results of peak signal-to-noise ratio are above 25, which effectively filters the interference signal in the signal, and retains the effective signal completely. The intelligibility of optical fiber communication network in signal communication is above 0.94, and the highest value is 0.986. The distortion degree are all below 0.025, and the minimum value is 0.004. The communication bit error rate are all below 0.001, which ensures the communication quality of the network.
CONCLUSION: The experimental results show that the signal noise reduction effect of the proposed method is good, which provides a reliable basis for filtering and separating interference signals of optical fiber communication laser interface.
Analysis of read speed latency in 6T‐SRAM cell using multi‐layered graphene nanoribbon and cu based nano‐interconnects for high performance memory circuit design
Authors: Bhattacharya Sandip , Hussain Mohammed Imran , Ajayan John , Tayal Shubham , Joseph Louis Maria Irudaya Leo , Kollem Sreedhar , Desai Usha , Ahmed Syed Musthak , Janapati Ravichander
Published: November 2022

In this study, we designed a 6T‐SRAM cell using 16‐nm CMOS process and analyzed the performance in terms of read‐speed latency. The temperature‐dependent Cu and multilayered graphene nanoribbon (MLGNR)‐based nano‐interconnect materials is used throughout the circuit (primarily bit/bit‐bars [red lines] and word lines [write lines]). Here, the read speed analysis is performed with four different chip operating temperatures (150K, 250K, 350K, and 450K) using both Cu and graphene nanoribbon (GNR) nano‐interconnects with different interconnect lengths (from 10 μm to 100 μm), for reading‐0 and reading‐1 operations. To execute the reading operation, the CMOS technology, that is, the16‐nm PTM‐HPC model, and the16‐nm interconnect technology, that is, ITRS‐13, are used in this application. The complete design is simulated using TSPICE simulation tools (by Mentor Graphics). The read speed latency increases rapidly as interconnect length increases for both Cu and GNR interconnects. However, the Cu interconnect has three to six times more latency than the GNR. In addition, we observe that the reading speed latency for the GNR interconnect is ~10.29 ns for wide temperature variations (150K to 450K), whereas the reading speed latency for the Cu interconnect varies between ~32 ns and 65 ns for the same temperature ranges. The above analysis is useful for the design of next generation, high‐speed memories using different nano‐interconnect materials.
Development of a Secondary Dental-Specific Database for Active Learning of Genetics in Dentistry Programs
Authors: Sharmin Nazlee , Chow Ava K. , Govia Shanice
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Dental students study the genetics of tooth and facial development through didactic lectures only. Meanwhile, scientists’ knowledge of genetics is rapidly expanding, over and above what is commonly found in textbooks. Therefore, students studying dentistry are often unfamiliar with the burgeoning field of genetic data and biological databases. There is also a growing interest in applying active learning strategies to teach genetics in higher education. We developed a secondary database called “Genetics for Dentistry” to use as an active learning tool for teaching genetics in dentistry programs. The database archives genomic and proteomic data related to enamel and dentin formation.Methods: We took a systematic approach to identify, collect, and organize genomic and proteomic tooth development data from primary databases and literature searches. The data were checked for accuracy and exported to Ragic to create an interactive secondary database.Results: “Genetics for Dentistry,” which is in its initial phase, contains information on all the human genes involved in enamel and dentin formation. Users can search the database by gene name, protein sequence, chromosomal location, and other keywords related to protein and gene function.Conclusions: “Genetics for Dentistry” will be introduced as an active learning tool for teaching genetics at the School of Dentistry of the University of Alberta. Activities using the database will supplement lectures on genetics in the dentistry program. We hope that incorporating this database as an active learning tool will reduce students’ cognitive load in learning genetics and stimulate interest in new branches of science, including bioinformatics and precision dentistry.
Assessment of Premenstrual Syndrome and Coping Strategies among Female Students of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Akpoigho Enuku Christie , Ukamaka Nwankwo Clementina
Published: November 2022

There are several health problems associated with menstruation. One of the most common problems is premenstrual syndrome which occurs when  the premenstrual symptoms are severe enough to disturb the quality of life of a woman.

Aim: The study aimed to determine the common  premenstrual symptoms, various coping strategies, and health-seeking behaviours adopted by female students in the School of Basic Medical  Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

Method: Cross-sectional design was adopted for the study. The questionnaire was used for the  collection of data; a multistage sampling technique was adopted to select three hundred and ten (310) students from the four (4) departments  proportionately. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data collected using SPSS version 21.0.

Results: The result showed that  the most common premenstrual syndrome was mood swing 240 (77.7%), irritability 184(59.5%), fatigue 181(59.5%), and breast tenderness  171(55.3%). The degree of the menstrual syndrome was low 241(78.0%), moderate 206(66.7%). Common coping strategies were resting 206(66.9%),  sleeping 200(64.7%), accepting the process as natural 148(47.9%), and the majority 273(88.3%) had negative health-seeking behaviour. Findings of  the hypotheses testing revealed that there is no significant relationship between students’ age and premenstrual syndrome and no significant  association between premenstrual syndrome and course of study.

Conclusion: It was concluded that the respondents experienced low to moderate  degrees of the menstrual syndrome. Resting, sleeping, and accepting the process as natural were common coping strategies, and health-seeking  behaviour was poor. Recommendations: Periodic health education programmes should be encouraged to involve active coping behaviours such as  regular aerobic exercises, muscle strengthening, and slow breathing exercises. Students should be encouraged to have positive health-seeking  behaviour.
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and evaluation of response to breast cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Soudre Fabienne Marie , Kiba Alice , Kouraogo Arnaud , Karfo Raoul , Bambara Aboubacar , Kagambega Arsène , Kabre Elie , Sakande Jean , Simpore Jacques
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the value of post-therapy serum LDH in assessing response at the completion of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. This was a prospective cross-sectional study with data collection from May 2019 to November 2020, at the University Hospital of Bogodogo and at the SANDOF Polyclinic. We performed the LDH assay on serum from patients at the end of breast cancer chemotherapy who were at least 18 years old. Thirty (30) patients were included, with a mean age of 47.47 ± 2.10 years. Based on RECIST criteria, 46.67% had a successful response to chemotherapy, while 53.33% had a poor response. The mean post-therapy serum LDH was 256.15±25.99 U/L and 46.67% of patients had elevated serum LDH. Mean serum LDH was significantly higher in patients with a personal history of breast cancer (p=0.0198), increased CA 15-3 (p=0.0489) and poor response to chemotherapy (p=0.0291). Serum LDH was significantly higher in patients with a poor response to chemotherapy. Further studies are required to establish a more reliable correlation between serum LDH levels and response to breast cancer chemotherapy.
Morphological characterization of Amaranthus cruentusL. mutant lines derived from local and preferred Amaranthus cultivar
Authors: Kpocheme Adjaho Olatondji Eustache Kévin , Hotegni Nicodeme Fassinou , Missihoun Antoine Abel , Gnanvi Bidossèssi Noël , Atou Richard , Wouyou Agapit , Montcho David , Gandonou Christophe Bernard , Agbangla Clément , Ahoton Leonard
Published: November 2022

Amaranthus species are of underutilized orphan crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Benin’s most appreciated Amaranthus cruentus L. «local» cultivar is susceptible to saline stress. This study aimed to create genotypes agronomically, at least, as good as the «local» cultivar and useful for further saline tolerance breeding using mutation breeding. The morphological diversity among 19 gamma-irradiated A. cruentus mutant lines and «local» cultivar (control) were investigated, through a randomized complete block design with three replications, using 18 phenotypical traits (12 quantitative and 6 qualitative). The results show that among the six qualitative traits, only terminal inflorescence shape was discriminant. However, permutation analysis of variance revealed significant variability in quantitative traits: leaf width (CV=19%), Branches length (CV=47%), plant height (CV=25%), stem diameter (CV=29%), number of branches (21%) number of leaves (CV=25%). Multivariate analysis of quantitative traits showed the first two principal components contributing to 78.30% of observed variability. Correlation analysis revealed the significance of number of leaves, number of branches, plant height and leaf width for selecting better genotypes for biomass production. Mutant lines L1, L2, L6, L16, L18 and L23 showed high performances for traits cited above and could, therefore, be a good source of genes.
Assessment of Physicochemical Properties of Groundwater for Irrigation Purposes from Difa, Dadinkowa and Gwani Communitiesof Yamaltu-Deba Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Hammani B. , Abubakar I. , Danlami A. , Gimba A. M. , Abdulkadir M. , Muhammad Z.
Published: November 2022

The demand for quality water free of pollutants that can be maximally utilized by soil for crop production is on the societal increase. The study is aimed at examining some physico-chemical indices of groundwater for irrigation purposes from Difa, Dadinkowa and Gwani of Yamaltu-Deba Gombe State, Nigeria using standard methods. Samples collected were analysed ad data for mean concentration range presented aspH (6.00 - 6.80), temperature (23.95 - 25.78 oC), total dissolved solids (106.98 - 149.51 mg/L), total suspended solids (0.60 -1.28 mg/L), total alkalinity (17.00 - 19.25 mg/L) and dissolved oxygen (1.18 - 2.98 mg/L). The water samples recorded significant different (p<0.05) in pH values and were all below the permissible limits. However, cations and anions; NaCl, CaCO3, PO43-, CO2, NO2- and NH4- showed no significant difference p<0.05 and were below the permissible limit, except CaCO3 which exceeds the maximum permissible limits. These results suggest that the studied water samples are suitable for consumption and irrigation purposes.
A comparative study of user experienced mobile broadband performance
Authors: Umoh V. B. , Ukommi U. S. , Ekpe U. M.
Published: November 2022

Even though the proliferation of handheld mobile communication devices has deepened Internet and broadband penetration in Nigeria, users of such services may not have detailed quantitative performance comparison between the services provided by different network operators. The study here reported is therefore an attempt to bridge the information gap. A measurement testbed based on the Raspberry Pi platform was developed to autonomously measure the mobile broadband performance of third generation (3G) and fourth generation (4G) broadband networks of the four major mobile network operators in the country. Under static access conditions, the system was set up to measure the upload throughput, download throughput and latency from a user-centric perspective. The measurements were taken by simultaneously sampling the networks of four mobile broadband service providers (9Mobile, Airtel, Globacom and MTN) over a period of three weeks in the city of Uyo, Nigeria. The results obtained revealed that Airtel achieved the highest peak download rate for 3G throughput, and this was only 1.41 Mbps higher than the least performing MNO. Also, it was found that MTN’s download rate peaked at 35.06 Mbps, and this was over 300% of the rate achieved by the fourth rated network in terms of the 4G download throughput metric. The measurement results also revealed that peak usage periods, defined as the hours between 7pm and 11pm, witnessed higher variability in throughput rates than other periods.
Centrosomal protein55 enhances melanoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration through PI3K/AKT signaling
Authors: Hua Huaikang , Yang Huifang
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To investigate the role of centrosomal protein55 (CEP55) in melanoma.

Methods: The CEP55 expression in human melanoma cells and normal human melanocytes were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Cell proliferation was evaluated by colony formation and CCK8 assays, while cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was used to investigate cell migration and invasion.

Results: The CEP55 protein expression was higher in A-2058 and A375 melanoma cells than in normal HEMn-LP cells. Overexpression of CEP55 increased melanoma cell viability and the number of melanoma cell colonies (p < 0.01), while CEP55 silencing reduced melanoma cell viability and proliferation. Overexpression of CEP55 promoted cell cycle (p < 0.01) via decreased p21 expression, but increased CyclinD1 and CDK1 expression. Knockdown of CEP55 enhanced p21 expression and reduced CyclinD1 and CDK1 expression to induce cell cycle arrest. Knockdown of CEP55 suppressed melanoma cell migration and invasion by downregulating p-AKT and p-PI3K.

Conclusion: Centrosomal protein55 functions as an oncogene in melanoma by activating PI3K/AKT signaling. Therefore, CEP55 might be a promising target for melanoma diagnosis and treatment.
“La haine” (Hate)
Authors: García Jorge Manuel Vacas
Published: November 2022

Sociological reflections based on the film “La haine” (Hate), directed by Mathieu Kassovitz and released in 1995, whose plot takes place over the next twenty-four hours of a night of riots and heavy clashes with police in a slum on the outskirts of Paris, in which the protagonists, three teenagers, walk the streets in an atmosphere of violence between gangs and constant conflicts with the police.
Los Principios Rectores de las Naciones Unidas en el Perú: 10 años después
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Velazco Carmen
Published: November 2022

Este libro tiene como objetivo fomentar la reflexión jurídica acerca de la protección de los derechos humanos en la actividad empresarial desde la narrativa generada por los Principios Rectores sobre las Empresas y los Derechos Humanos, aprobados por las Naciones Unidas (UNGP) el 16 de junio de 2011. Evidenciar cómo se inserta este enfoque en los negocios en nuestro país es el reto que asumen los autores de Los Principios Rectores de las Naciones Unidas en el Perú: 10 años después, orientando la mirada de las empresas hacia una propuesta de valor que implica la toma de conciencia de su responsabilidad de respetar los derechos humanos como elemento constitutivo de su actividad, teniendo como guía y límite los lineamientos establecidos por el Estado, materializados, por ejemplo, en el Plan Nacional de Acción sobre Empresas y Derechos Humanos 2021-2025, aprobado mediante Decreto Supremo 009-2021-JUS. En línea con lo anterior y atendiendo a los pilares en que se fundamentan los UNGP, la obra se divide en tres partes: sobre el pilar Respetar, se presentan reflexiones teórico-prácticas acerca de cómo las empresas deben abordar el deber de diligencia en la mitigación de riesgos de vulneración de derechos humanos en dos sectores: el extractivo y el de las fintech; en cuanto al pilar Proteger, se reúnen apreciaciones críticas con relación al deber del Estado de tutelar los derechos humanos, específicamente a un medioambiente saludable, a la educación, al trabajo y a los correspondientes a los ciudadanos extranjeros; y respecto al pilar Remediar, se exponen algunos mecanismos de reparación efectiva con los que cuentan las víctimas de vulneración de derechos humanos en el ámbito del derecho internacional de las inversiones, en el acto del consumo, así como en los casos de hostigamiento sexual.
Hacia una solución de los conflictos sociales en el Perú: Conga: un caso emblemático
Authors:   Universidad ESAN,   Universidad ESAN
Published: November 2022

El fenómeno de los conflictos sociales no es un caso aislado que se presenta únicamente en el Perú o en la región latinoamericana, por el contrario, su alcance es global. Existen stakeholders o grupos de interés relevantes, tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional, que tienen el poder suficiente para influir sobre estos hechos. En este contexto, presentamos un caso emblemático en el Perú que puede ser utilizado como referente regional y mundial para identificar alternativas de solución sustentables a largo plazo. Este libro se centra en un caso en particular: el caso Conga en la región Cajamarca, Perú. Con una inversión de más de 4,000 millones de dólares, el proyecto Conga estaba destinado a llevar desarrollo económico y social a la región Cajamarca. No obstante, el proyecto está paralizado desde el año 2011 por un asunto que va más allá del estudio de impacto ambiental sobre si el agua de la comunidad será contaminada o no: los pobladores de la región Cajamarca sienten que el beneficio económico del canon minero y las regalías no necesariamente se traslada de manera eficiente y eficaz al desarrollo económico y social de la región ni se traduce en una mejora del nivel de vida de la población. Así pues, esta publicación cobra importancia ya que va a servir para que alumnos, docentes y lectores en general se familiaricen con una problemática existente y, más importante aún, para que vean cómo diferentes equipos de trabajo proponen soluciones distintas y creativas para abordar el problema. Esto contribuirá al proceso de aprendizaje-enseñanza tanto en el aula como en el ámbito laboral, pues permite ver distintas alternativas de solución desde diversas perspectivas, tomando en cuenta a los grupos de interés involucrados, su realidad e idiosincrasia, y las externalidades que podrían generarse con la problemática y con las alternativas de solución.
Reflexiones sobre la democracia y el estado de derecho en el mundo contemporáneo
Authors:   Universidad ESAN
Published: November 2022

Esta obra representa un importante esfuerzo de compilación y traducción de once trabajos de investigación de juristas alemanes, franceses y peruanos sobre la democracia y el estado de Derecho, binomio clásico del derecho público que deviene de suma actualidad para los países que se encuentran en plena consolidación de su sistema de derechos. La democracia y, con mayor amplitud, los estados de derecho garantizan la esfera de libertad individual más amplia posible. Sin embargo, desde la aparición de los derechos humanos, a finales del siglo xviii, hasta el advenimiento de la teoría del Estado de derecho, a principios del siglo xx, la concepción de las necesidades del individuo ha evolucionado, lo cual se acentúa con los cambios sociales paradigmáticos ocurridos durante el siglo xx. En tal sentido, el Estado de derecho ya no radica solo en la libertad como único elemento constitutivo del bienestar, y es necesario detenerse en las causas de la no realización de ciertos proyectos del Estado democrático, a pesar de la existencia de libertades, para reflexionar sobre los nuevos parámetros que deben considerarse para perfeccionar el Estado de derecho. Las contribuciones que aquí se exponen se han agrupado en cuatro partes. Algunos trabajos interrelacionan los conceptos de Estado de derecho y democracia con el esquema clásico de los derechos fundamentales o con las lógicas del Estado social de derecho. Otros trabajos analizan algunos ejemplos concretos, como la lucha contra la corrupción y los estados de emergencia, por medio de un estudio comparado del derecho constitucional y del derecho internacional o regional.
Sin comunicación no hay liderazgo: Una perspectiva comunicacional del liderazgo
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Brown Gutiérrez Ofelia
Published: November 2022

Con un estilo fluido y ameno, este libro, escrito para toda persona que desea fortalecer sus habilidades comunicativas, nos conduce de la mano a través de un camino por el que todos transitamos a diario, pero que pocos exploramos en toda su complejidad. ¿Qué encontramos al final del recorrido? Encontramos que la relación entre la comunicación y el liderazgo es tan importante que ambos se entrelazan al punto que es difícil establecer cuál precede al otro: ¿primero eres líder y después te comunicas bien o es porque te comunicas bien que eres percibido como líder? Si bien la comunicación influye en el desenvolvimiento de todos los individuos y en el desarrollo de todas las actividades humanas, en esta obra se examina su rol fundamental en las organizaciones, con la atención puesta en quienes desean hacer una línea de carrera o ya ocupan cargos directivos. Necesitamos líderes transformacionales y positivos capaces de influir en el desarrollo de su institución. Todos somos responsables de la buena comunicación, pero los directivos tienen la obligación de gestionar la comunicación de sus áreas y convertirse en agentes de cambio. La autora, profesora de posgrado y consultora de rica experiencia profesional, nos presenta evidencia de que las personas que tienen buenos hábitos de comunicación alcanzan mejores resultados como gerentes o administradores y son percibidos como líderes por sus colaboradores, pares y superiores. Ella nos brinda herramientas que nos ayudarán a fortalecer nuestras competencias comunicativas conforme avancemos en nuestra carrera directiva.
Gestión psicofarmacológica de la feminidad: Antipsicóticos para mujeres insumisas
Authors: Caponi Sandra
Published: November 2022

El articulo adopta una perspectiva histórica y crítica con relación al modelo hegemónico de salud mental, centrado en la necesidad de restaurar farmacológicamente un desequilibrio neuroquímico. En el campo de la psiquiatría parece haber un amplio acuerdo en defender la tesis según la cual, entre los años 1952 y 1954, con el descubrimiento del primer neuroléptico, la Clorpromazina, se iniciaría un proceso de radical transformación del saber psiquiátrico. En el año 1954, el laboratorio norte americano Smith, Kline & French (SK&F), hoy Glaxo Smith, compró la patente para comercializar esa droga en los Estados Unidos. Analizo la campaña publicitaria dirigida a las mujeres. La publicidad de esta potente droga psiquiátrica, a lo largo de las décadas de 1950 y 1960, permite entender la perspectiva de género existente en la industria farmacéutica y el papel de los neurolépticos en la gestión de la feminidad.
SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN (SIK) TERKAIT ALUR PENDAFTARAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RS BHAYANGKARA POLDA BANTEN
Authors: Wahyuni Nova , Ambarwati Rini , Syamiyah Najah
Published: November 2022

Sistem informasi kesehatan (SIK) adalah suatu sistem pengelolaan data dan informasi kesehatan di semua tingkat pemerintahan secara sistematika dan terintegrasi untuk mendukung manajemen kesehatan dalam rangka peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan observasi sistem kesehatan (SIK) Alur pendaftaran pelayanan pasien rawat jalan yang berjalan di RS. Bhayangkara Polda Banten. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan Simrs (sistem informasi manajemen rumah sakit). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi secara langsung. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, bahwa sistem informasi kesehatan yang ada sudah berjalan secara baik, karena dalam proses pencatatan dan pelaporan sudah dilakukan secara online dan offline, keamanan data, sudah adanya integrasi data, serta informasi yang dihasilkan sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan untuk pengambilan keputusan.
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATANDI PUSKESMAS PABUARAN KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Yunita Shalsha , Wahyuni Sri , Syamiyah Najah
Published: November 2022

Penyelenggaraan Sistem Informasi Kesehatan (SIK) merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan pembangunan kesehatan serta merupakan pelayanan penunjang dalam upaya kesehatan di Puskesmas. Berdasarkan Kepmenkes RI Nomor 192/MENKES/SK/VI/2012. Puskesmas pabuaran adalah salah satu puskesmas dikabupaten serang, sudah ada sistem isnformasi kesehatan yang merupakan bagian dari sitem informasi kesehatan kabupaten, hanya dalam pelaksanaan SIK di Puskesmas Pabuaran kabupaten Serang masih manual sehingga data yang dihasilkan tidak tepat waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan sistem informasi kesehatan di Puskesmas Pabuaran  Kabupaten Serang. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 4orang. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan penelusuran dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan/pelaksanaan SIK belum online, semuanya masih manual. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh setiap pemegang program dan pembina desa/bidan desa. Pengiriman data dibawa langsung oleh petugas dari Puskesmas ke Dinas Kesehatan. Pengolahan data sebagian sudah menggunakan komputer namun ada juga yang masih tulis tangan. Di Puskesmas Pabuaran ada Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) di bidang SIK malah puskesmas membuat program sendiri yang bersifat internal untuk memudahkan mereka dalam pengumpulan data dan pelaporan yaitu aplikasi Cash Poin selain SimKes yang difasilitasi oleh dinas kesehatan terkait. Sarana dan prasarana SIK untuk komputer belum lengkap/tidak merata. Kendala pelaksanaan SIK menyangkut keterbatasan anggaran, masalah internet, serta masalah masalah seperti gunta ganti aplikasi dari dinas kesehatan yang malah membuat lebih membingungkan juga kurang fasilitas pengelolaan dan pengkajian data. Pelaksanaan SIK di Puskesmas Pabuaran Kabupaten Serang belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya.
SITUASI PENYAKIT KUSTA DI KABUPATEN SERANG TAHUN 2020
Authors: Kurniatillah Nia , Hayat Fauzul , Lusinto Widodo Hari
Published: November 2022

Kusta merupakan penyakit menular yang masih menjadi permasalahan yang sangat kompleks bagi kesehatan masyarakat Global. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui situasi penyakit kusta di Kabupaten Serang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif. Jumlah penderita kusta di Kabupaten Serang tahun 2019 sebanyak 175 kasus dengan angka prevalensi kusta sebesar 1,2 per 100.000 penduduk. Angka penemuan kasus baru sebesar 11,6 per 100.000 penduduk. Penderita kusta tipe Pausi Basiler (PB) dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki (46,2%) dan perempuan (53,8%). Penderita kusta tipe Multipausi Basiler (MB) berjenis kelamin laki-laki (69,8%) dan perempuan (30,2%). Penderita kusta tipe Pausi Basiler (PB) tersebar di 11 wilayah Kecamatan dan tipe Multipausi Basiler (MB), sebaran kasus merata di seluru wilayah di 31 Kecamatan Kabupaten Serang. Terdapat 13 penderita kusta anak < 15 tahun  (7,4%). Penderita kusta dengan cacat tingkat 0 (86,9%) dan cacat tingkat 2 (9,7%). Penderita kusta tipe Pausi Basiler (PB) telah menyelesaikan pengobatan (100%). Penderita kusta tipe Multipausi Basiler (MB) telah menyelesaikan pengobatan sebanyak (88,2%). Strategi eleminasi kusta di Kabupaten Serang diperlukan upaya advokasi, kerjasama lintas sektor, program, jejaring kerja serta penguatan kegiatan surveilans kusta. Untuk masyarakat, diperlukan upaya promosi kesehatan melalui media Informasi, Komunikasi dan Edukasi. Peran aktif masyarakat dalam penemuan kasus, deteksi dini dan pengobatan segera.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN PETUGAS TERHADAP KETIDAKLENGKAPAN INFORMED CONSENT DI RUMAH SAKITTK.III DR. REKSODIWIRYO PADANG TAHUN 2021
Authors: Ira Rah_madhani
Published: November 2022

Informed consent merupakan penjelasan dokter tentang tindakan yang akan dilakukan, dan pernyataan bahwa pasien telah mengerti dan menyetujui tentang informasi yang disampaikan dokter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan petugas terhdap ketidaklengkapan informed consent di rumah sakit Dr.Reksodiwiryo Padang Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RST TK. III DR. Reksodiwiryo Padang pada bulan Juli Tahun 2021, Jenis penelitian ini bersifat Deskriptif dengan jumlah sempel 69 rekam medis dan 20 petugas rekam medis dan perawat. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin, data dianalisa secara univariat, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi terhadap ketidaklengkapan pengisian informed consent dan kusioner kepada petugas. Kemudian data diolah secara komputerisasi.Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kelengkepan pengisian informed consent yang tidak lengkap adalah sebesar (82,6%), kelengkapan pengisian informed consent yang lengkap adalah (17,4) pengetahuan petugas yang tinggi sebanyak (80%), pengetahuan petugas yang rendah sebanyak (20%).Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah angka kelengkapan pengisian lembar informed consent belum mencapai standar pelayanan minimal rekam medis di rumah sakit yakni sebesar 100%. Saran dalam penelitian ini yaitu diadakanya sosialisasi secara rutin dan dan terjadwal kepada perwakilan tim komite medik, perawat, dan petugas rekam medis terkait dengan pentingnya kelengkapan pengisian dokumen rekam medis termasuk juga lembar informed consent
HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN DAN PERILAKU MEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA REMAJA PUTRA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS NAMBO
Authors: Abadi Ellyani , Faisal Faisal , Demmalewa Jenny Qlifianti
Published: November 2022

Berdasarkan  data  Dinas  Kesehatan  Kota Kendari dalam 3 tahun terakhir menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit hipertensi pada usia dewasa (15-18 tahun) yaitu tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.172 kasus. Sedangkan pada tahun 2018 mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 1.249 kasus dan tahun 2019 (Januari- September)  penderita  Hipertensi  pada  usia  dewasa (15-18 tahun) tercatat 1.097 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku merokok dan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada remaja putra di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Nambo. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 70 orang remaja putra. Desain penelitian Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan  cross sectional. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner dan food frequensi Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  sebagian besar remaja putra tidak hipertensi (62,8%), sebagian besar pola makan remaja putra tidak baik (57,1%), sebagian besar remaja putra perokok (64,2%). Ada hubungan perilaku merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi pada remaja putra di wilayah kerja puskesmas Nambo ditunjukan dengan nilai ρ = 0,000. Tidak ada hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada remaja putra di wilayah kerja puskesmas Nambo ditunjukan dengan nilai ρ = 0,284. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ada hubungan antara perilaku merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi pada remaja putra di wilayah kerja puskesmas Nambo, Tidak ada hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada remaja putra di wilayah kerja puskesmas Nambo
Impact of a Matched Savings Program on Survivors of Human Trafficking and Gender-Based Violence in the Philippines/ Eşleştirilmiş Bir Tasarruf Programının Filipinler'de İnsan Ticareti ve Toplumsal Cinsiyete Dayalı Şiddet Mağdurları Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: CORDİSCO TSAİ Laura , DOMİNGO Carmina Charmaine G. , HENTSCHEL Elizabeth , HU Ran , GİLL Melinda
Published: November 2022

Survivors of human trafficking commonly experience significant financial difficulties, including lack of access to secure employment, recurring debt, minimal savings, and pressures to provide financially for their families. These experiences can exacerbate their vulnerability to experiencing further violence. Although economic empowerment interventions are greatly needed for this population, few evaluations have been conducted of such programs. In this manuscript, we present findings from an assessment of the Barug program, a two-year matched savings and financial literacy program for survivors of human trafficking and gender-based violence and their family members in the Philippines. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 10 survivor graduates of the Barug program through a combination of structured surveys, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Quantitative findings demonstrated increases in participants’ savings after completion of the Barug program. Thematic analysis revealed five themes regarding survivors’ experiences in the program: prioritizing asset development, enhanced budgeting skills, escaping a cycle of debt, psychosocial impact, and improved family relationships. Survivors described the benefits of Barug as multi-faceted, including financial, social, and psychological effects. Findings reveal the promise of an integrated matched savings, financial literacy, and psychosocial support program in helping survivors achieve greater financial stability and psychosocial wellbeing.