bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persistence of root-colonizing Pseudomonas protegens in herbivorous insects throughout different developmental stages and dispersal to new host plants
Authors: Flury Pascale , Vesga Pilar , Dominguez-Ferreras Ana , Tinguely Camille , Ullrich Cornelia I , Kleespies Regina G , Keel Christoph , Maurhofer Monika
Published: November 2018

The discovery of insecticidal activity in root-colonizing pseudomonads, best-known for their plant-beneficial effects, raised fundamental questions about the ecological relevance of insects as alternative hosts for these bacteria. Since soil bacteria are limited in their inherent abilities of dispersal, insects as vectors might be welcome vehicles to overcome large distances. Here, we report on the transmission of the root-colonizing, plant-beneficial and insecticidal bacterium Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 from root to root by the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum. Following ingestion by root-feeding D. radicum larvae, CHA0 persisted inside the insect until the pupal and adult stages. The emerging flies were then able to transmit CHA0 to a new plant host initiating bacterial colonization of the roots. CHA0 did not reduce root damages caused by D. radicum and had only small effects on Delia development suggesting a rather commensal than pathogenic relationship. Interestingly, when the bacterium was fed to two highly susceptible lepidopteran species, most of the insects died, but CHA0 could persist throughout different life stages in surviving individuals. In summary, this study investigated for the first time the interaction of P. protegens CHA0 and related strains with an insect present in their rhizosphere habitat. Our results suggest that plant-colonizing pseudomonads have different strategies for interaction with insects. They either cause lethal infections and use insects as food source or they live inside insect hosts without causing obvious damages and might use insects as vectors for dispersal, which implies a greater ecological versatility of these bacteria than previously thought.
Histone lysine dimethyl-demethylase KDM3A controls pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Qing-Jun , Tran Tram Anh T. , Wang Ming , Ranek Mark J. , Kokkonen-Simon Kristen M. , Gao Jason , Luo Xiang , Tan Wei , Kyrychenko Viktoriia , Liao Lan , Xu Jianming , Hill Joseph A. , Olson Eric N. , Kass David A. , Martinez Elisabeth D. , Liu Zhi-Ping
Published: December 2018

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pathological LVH engages transcriptional programs including reactivation of canonical fetal genes and those inducing fibrosis. Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) are emerging regulators of transcriptional reprogramming in cancer, though their potential role in abnormal heart growth and fibrosis remains little understood. Here, we investigate gain and loss of function of an H3K9me2 specific demethylase, Kdm3a, and show it promotes LVH and fibrosis in response to pressure-overload. Cardiomyocyte KDM3A activates Timp1 transcription with pro-fibrotic activity. By contrast, a pan-KDM inhibitor, JIB-04, suppresses pressure overload-induced LVH and fibrosis. JIB-04 inhibits KDM3A and suppresses the transcription of fibrotic genes that overlap with genes downregulated in Kdm3a-KO mice versus WT controls. Our study provides genetic and biochemical evidence for a pro-hypertrophic function of KDM3A and proof-of principle for pharmacological targeting of KDMs as an effective strategy to counter LVH and pathological fibrosis.
Reaction kinetics of ultracold molecule-molecule collisions
Authors: Hoffmann Daniel K. , Paintner Thomas , Limmer Wolfgang , Petrov Dmitry S. , Denschlag Johannes Hecker
Published: December 2018

Studying chemical reactions on a state-to-state level tests and improves our fundamental understanding of chemical processes. For such investigations it is convenient to make use of ultracold atomic and molecular reactants as they can be prepared in well defined internal and external quantum states. Here, we investigate a single-channel reaction of two Li2-Feshbach molecules where one of the molecules dissociates into two atoms 2AB ⇒ AB + A + B. The process is a prototype for a class of four-body collisions where two reactants produce three product particles. We measure the collisional dissociation rate constant of this process as a function of collision energy/temperature and scattering length. We confirm an Arrhenius-law dependence on the collision energy, an a4 power-law dependence on the scattering length a and determine a universal four body reaction constant.
Closing the gap between palaeontological and neontological speciation and extinction rate estimates
Authors: Silvestro Daniele , Warnock Rachel C. M. , Gavryushkina Alexandra , Stadler Tanja
Published: December 2018

Measuring the pace at which speciation and extinction occur is fundamental to understanding the origin and evolution of biodiversity. Both the fossil record and molecular phylogenies of living species can provide independent estimates of speciation and extinction rates, but often produce strikingly divergent results. Despite its implications, the theoretical reasons for this discrepancy remain unknown. Here, we reveal a conceptual and methodological basis able to reconcile palaeontological and molecular evidence: discrepancies are driven by different implicit assumptions about the processes of speciation and species evolution in palaeontological and neontological analyses. We present the “birth-death chronospecies” model that clarifies the definition of speciation and extinction processes allowing for a coherent joint analysis of fossil and phylogenetic data. Using simulations and empirical analyses we demonstrate not only that this model explains much of the apparent incongruence between fossils and phylogenies, but that differences in rate estimates are actually informative about the prevalence of different speciation modes.
PDL2+ CD11b+ dermal dendritic cells capture topical antigen through hair follicles to prime LAP+ Tregs
Authors: Tordesillas Leticia , Lozano-Ojalvo Daniel , Dunkin David , Mondoulet Lucie , Agudo Judith , Merad Miriam , Sampson Hugh A. , Berin M. Cecilia
Published: December 2018

The skin immune system must discriminate between innocuous antigens and pathogens. Antigen applied topically using a Viaskin® patch elicits immune tolerance that can suppress colitis and food allergy. Here we show how topical antigen is acquired and presented by dendritic cells in the skin. Topical antigen is acquired by Langerhans cells (LC) and CD11b+ cDC2s but not cDC1s, and both  LCs and CD11b+ cDC2s reaching the lymph node can prime T cells and expand LAP+ Tregs. However, LCs are neither required nor sufficient for T cell priming, and have no role in tolerance induction. Conversely, IRF-4-dependent cDC2s are required for T cell priming. Acquisition of antigen in the dermis, delivery to the draining lymph node, and generation of tolerance are all absent in hairless mice. These results indicate an important function for hair follicle niche and CD11b+ cDC2s in antigen acquisition, and in generation of primary immune tolerance to topical antigens.
Unexpectedly large energy variations from dopant interactions in ferroelectric HfO2 from high-throughput ab initio calculations
Authors: Falkowski Max , Künneth Christopher , Materlik Robin , Kersch Alfred
Published: December 2018

Insight into the origin of process-related properties like small-scale inhomogeneities is key for material optimization. Here, we analyze DFT calculations of randomly doped HfO2 structures with Si, La, and VO and relate them to the kind of production process. Total energies of the relevant ferroelectric Pbc21 phase are compared with the competing crystallographic phases under the influence of the arising local inhomogeneities in a coarse-grained approach. The interaction among dopants adds to the statistical effect from the random positioning of the dopants. In anneals after atomic layer or chemical solution deposition processes, which are short compared to ceramic process tempering, the large energy variations remain because the dopants do not diffuse. Since the energy difference is the criterion for the phase stability, the large variation suggests the possibility of nanoregions and diffuse phase transitions because these local doping effects may move the system over the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase boundary.
Triple lead cephalic versus subclavian vein approach in cardiac resynchronization therapy device implantation
Authors: Vogler Julia , Geisler Anne , Gosau Nils , Hakmi Samer , Willems Stephan , Rassaf Tienush , Wakili Reza , Kaya Elif
Published: December 2018

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implantation is associated with severe complications including pneumo- and hemothorax. Data on a sole cephalic vein approach (sCV), potentially preventing these complications, are limited. The aim of our study was to compare a sole cSV with a subclavian vein approach (SV) in CRT implantations with respect to feasibility and safety. We performed a prospective cohort study enrolling twenty-four consecutive de-novo CRT implantations (group A) using a sCV at two centers. Fifty-four age-matched CRT patients implanted via the SV served (group B) as reference. Procedural success rate and complications were recorded during a follow-up of 4 weeks. All CRTs could be implanted in group A, with 91.7% using cephalic access alone. In group B, CRT implantation was successfully performed in 96.3%. Procedure and fluoroscopy duration were similar for both groups (sCV vs. SV: 119 ± 45 vs. 106 ± 31 minutes, 17 ± 9 vs 14 ± 9 minutes). Radiation dosage was higher in sCV group vs. SV (2984 ± 2370 vs. 1580 ± 1316 cGy*cm2; p = 0.001). There was no case of a pneumothorax in group of sCV, while two cases were observed using SV. Overall complication rate was similar (sCV: 13.0% vs. SV: 12.5%). de-novo CRT implantation using a triple cephalic vein approach is feasible. Procedure duration and complication rates were similar, while radiation dosage was higher in the sCV compared to the SV approach. Despite its feasibility in the clinical routine, controlled prospective studies with longer follow-up are required to elucidate a potential benefit with respect to lead longevity.
Pre-obese children’s dysbiotic gut microbiome and unhealthy diets may predict the development of obesity
Authors: Rampelli Simone , Guenther Kathrin , Turroni Silvia , Wolters Maike , Veidebaum Toomas , Kourides Yiannis , Molnár Dénes , Lissner Lauren , Benitez-Paez Alfonso , Sanz Yolanda , Fraterman Arno , Michels Nathalie , Brigidi Patrizia , Candela Marco , Ahrens Wolfgang
Published: December 2018

It is widely accepted that the intestinal microbiome is connected to obesity, as key mediator of the diet impact on the host metabolic and immunological status. To investigate whether the individual gut microbiome has a potential in predicting the onset and progression of diseases, here we characterized the faecal microbiota of 70 children in a two-time point prospective study, within a four-year window. All children had normal weight at the beginning of this study, but 36 of them gained excessive weight at the subsequent check-up. Microbiome data were analysed together with the hosts’ diet information, physical activity, and inflammatory parameters. We find that the gut microbiota structures were stratified into a discrete number of groups, characterized by different biodiversity that correlates with inflammatory markers and dietary habits, regardless of age, gender, and body weight. Collectively, our data underscore the importance of the microbiome–host–diet configuration as a possible predictor of obesity.
Ring shape-dependent self-sorting of pillar[n]arenes assembled on a surface
Authors: Ogoshi Tomoki , Takashima Shu , Inada Natsumi , Asakawa Hitoshi , Fukuma Takeshi , Shoji Yoshiaki , Kajitani Takashi , Fukushima Takanori , Tada Tomofumi , Dotera Tomonori , Kakuta Takahiro , Yamagishi Tada-aki
Published: November 2018

Self-sorting, in which multiple components selectively assemble themselves by recognising self from others, is an attractive approach to produce supramolecular assemblies with controlled structures. Lock-and-key type complementary physical interactions are required for self-sorting because selective affinity is necessary to distinguish self from others. Here we show self-sorting behaviour based on a principle of geometrical complementarity by shape during our investigation of assembly of pentagonal pillar[5]arenes and hexagonal pillar[6]arenes on a surface. In the homoassembly systems, anionic pillar[5]arenes and pillar[6]arenes are adsorbed onto positively charged layers of cationic pillar[5]arenes and pillar[6]arenes, respectively, through cationic-anionic electrostatic interactions. In contrast, ionic pillar[5]arenes are adsorbed onto layers constructed from oppositely charged pillar[5]arenes, but ionic pillar[6]arenes are not. Equally, for the reverse combination, ionic pillar[6]arenes are adsorbed onto layers constructed from oppositely charged pillar[6]arenes, but ionic pillar[5]arenes are not. The geometrical complementarity by shape realises effective self-sorting even in non-directional multivalent ionic interactions.
A statistical approach to detect protein complexes at X-ray free electron laser facilities
Authors: Pietrini Alberto , Bielecki Johan , Timneanu Nicusor , Hantke Max F. , Andreasson Jakob , Loh N. Duane , Larsson Daniel S. D. , Boutet Sébastien , Hajdu Janos , Maia Filipe R. N. C. , Nettelblad Carl
Published: December 2018

The Flash X-ray Imaging (FXI) technique, under development at X-ray free electron lasers (XFEL), aims to achieve structure determination based on diffraction from individual macromolecular complexes. We report an FXI study on the first protein complex—RNA polymerase II—ever injected at an XFEL. A successful 3D reconstruction requires a high number of observations of the sample in various orientations. The measured diffraction signal for many shots can be comparable to background. Here we present a robust and highly sensitive hit-identification method based on automated modeling of beamline background through photon statistics. It can operate at controlled false positive hit-rate of 3 × 10−5. We demonstrate its power in determining particle hits and validate our findings against an independent hit-identification approach based on ion time-of-flight spectra. We also validate the advantages of our method over simpler hit-identification schemes via tests on other samples and using computer simulations, showing a doubled hit-identification power.
Dealkylative intercepted rearrangement reactions of sulfur ylides
Authors: Empel Claire , Hock Katharina J. , Koenigs Rene M.
Published: December 2018

A simple and readily available Fe(ii) catalyst can be employed in a formal functional group metathesis of thioethers with broad applicability and yields of up to 95%. Mechanistic investigations reveal a marked effect of chloride ions.
Molecular mobility of amorphous N-acetyl-α-methylbenzylamine and Debye relaxation evidenced by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Atawa Bienvenu , Correia Natália T. , Couvrat Nicolas , Affouard Frédéric , Coquerel Gérard , Dargent Eric , Saiter Allisson
Published: December 2018

Molecular mobility of NAC-MBA molecule is described by means of DRS, FSC and MD simulations.
High throughput approach to investigating ternary solvents of aqueous non-stoichiometric protic ionic liquids
Authors: Yalcin Dilek , Drummond Calum J. , Greaves Tamar L.
Published: December 2018

High throughput methods were used to investigate ionic liquid containing solutions to provide systematic data of a broad compositional space. We have principally focused on the surface tension, apparent pH and liquid nanostructure to identify potential self-assembly and protein stabilizing ability of solvent systems.
Experimental and theoretical investigations of cyclometalated ruthenium(ii) complex containing CCC-pincer and anti-inflammatory drugs as ligands: synthesis, characterization, inhibition of cyclooxygenase andin vitrocytotoxicity activities in various cancer cell lines
Authors: Tabrizi Leila , Olasunkanmi Lukman O. , Fadare Olatomide A.
Published: December 2018

The cyclometalated ruthenium(ii) complex was synthesized and studied for cytotoxicity. The interaction of Ru(ii) complex with COX-2 was studied by experimental and molecular docking.
Production of bio-fuels and chemicals by microwave-assisted, catalytic, hydrothermal liquefaction (MAC-HTL) of a mixture of pine and spruce biomass
Authors: Remón Javier , Randall James , Budarin Vitaliy L. , Clark James H.
Published: December 2018

A catalytic microwave-assisted hydrothermal process firstly reported for the production of bio-fuels and chemicals.
Double inner standard plot model of an electrophoresis titration chip for a portable and green assay of protein content in milk
Authors: Wang Cunhuai , Zhang Qiang , Liu Xiaoping , Li Guoqing , Kong Hao , Khan Muhammad Idrees , Xiao Hua , Wang Yuxing , Liu Weiwen , Cao Chengxi
Published: December 2018

High portability and environmental safety (“green”) are two of the most important objectives pursued by microfluidic methods.
Wettability of graphene: from influencing factors and reversible conversions to potential applications
Authors: Feng Jing , Guo Zhiguang
Published: November 2018

A comprehensive insight into the wettability of graphene with respect to water droplets, specifically including the influencing factors and reversible transformation, is presented in this review.
Retraction: Shape-specific silver nanoparticles prepared by microwave-assisted green synthesis using pomegranate juice for bacterial inactivation and removal
Authors: Shore Andrew
Published: December 2018

Retraction of ‘Shape-specific silver nanoparticles prepared by microwave-assisted green synthesis using pomegranate juice for bacterial inactivation and removal’ by Ekta Roy et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 95433–95442.
A coarse-grained multiscale model to simulate morphological changes of food-plant tissues undergoing drying
Authors: Wijerathne W. D. C. C. , Rathnayaka C. M. , Karunasena H. C. P. , Senadeera W. , Sauret E. , Turner I. W. , Gu Y. T.
Published: December 2018

The design and force interaction field of coarse-grained multiscale model to study the morphological behaviour of plant tissues during drying.
Associations of tumor necrosis factor-α polymorphisms with the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Xue , Qin Shanyu , Liu Yongru , Tao Lin , Jiang Haixing
Published: December 2018

Background: Recently, the roles of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) polymorphisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed by some pilot studies, with inconsistent results. Therefore, we performed the present study to better assess the relationship between TNF-α polymorphisms and the risk of CRC.

Methods: Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Medline, Embase and CNKI. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess correlations between TNF-α polymorphisms and CRC.

Results: A total of 22 studies were included for analyses. A significant association with the risk of CRC was detected for TNF-α -308 G/A (recessive model: P = 0.004, OR = 1.42, 95%CI 1.12–1.79) polymorphism in overall analyses. Further subgroup analyses based on ethnicity of participants revealed that TNF-α -238 G/A was significantly correlated with the risk of CRC in Caucasians (dominant model: P = 0.01, OR = 0.47, 95%CI 0.26–0.86; overdominant model: P = 0.01, OR = 2.27, 95%CI 1.20–4.30; allele model: P = 0.02, OR = 0.51, 95%CI 0.29–0.90), while -308 G/A polymorphism was significantly correlated with the risk of CRC in Asians (recessive model: P = 0.001, OR = 2.23, 95%CI 1.38–3.63).

Conclusions: Our findings indicated that TNF-α -238 G/A polymorphism may serve as a potential biological marker for CRC in Caucasians, and TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism may serve as a potential biological marker for CRC in Asians.
The biochemical basis of disease
Authors: Barr Alastair J.
Published: December 2018

This article gives the reader an insight into the role of biochemistry in some of the current global health and disease problems. It surveys the biochemical causes of disease in an accessible and succinct form while also bringing in aspects of pharmacology, cell biology, pathology and physiology which are closely aligned with biochemistry. The discussion of the selected diseases highlights exciting new developments and illuminates key biochemical pathways and commonalities. The article includes coverage of diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, microorganisms and disease, nutrition, liver disease and Alzheimer’s disease, but does not attempt to be comprehensive in its coverage of disease, since this is beyond its remit and scope. Consequently there are many fascinating biochemical aspects of diseases, both common and rare, that are not addressed here that can be explored in the further reading cited. Techniques and biochemical procedures for studying disease are not covered in detail here, but these can be found readily in a range of biochemical methods sources.
The possibility of achievement of the nZEB state of a refurbished detached house powered solely by renewable energy sources in Southern Poland
Authors: Biskupski Jacek
Published: December 2018

This paper gives a thorough description of the two different scenarios of retrofit of an existing detached country house (with high primary energy demand) to a net zero energy building (nZEB) or near zero energy (nearZEB) by using energy form on-site RES. Using a designed piece of modelling software author pointed out two possible solutions. First one, based on a bio boiler and small on-site PV generator (on-grid) and the other based on large PV generator and three heat pumps. A 24 months test was performed in order to find out the output of both scenarios. In first period, the bio boiler delivered energy for space heating and DHW, while energy from PV was used to cover all electricity needs of the household during the 12 months testing period. In the later, the energy received from 10 kWp PV of was partly used to cover the current needs of the entire household (switchable on/off-grid system), and surplus was stored in the national electricity grid and regained later in the winter for the space heating (by a GSHP) and ventilation (ASHP) and DHW (dedicated ASHP). In both cases the system proofed the possibility to achieve the nZEB (nearZEB in first scenario) state of the household, as all (in the first near all) energy needs were covered by renewable energy produced on-site.
The study on the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell with a system of supercapacitors and batteries
Authors: Strąk Dariusz , Strąk Kinga , Piasecka Magdalena
Published: December 2018

The main aim of this work is to propose a new system of a hybrid photovoltaic system working with batteries and supercapacitors and to analyze its efficiency. The preliminary results of the study on the operation of the system are discussed. The results obtained while testing the operation of a hybrid system and a PV system working separately with batteries and supercapacitors are compiled and compared. The tests covered the systems efficiency for the following electrical loads: heater warming up water in a tank, and lighting - a LED light. The work of batteries and supercapacitors during discharge has been analysed. The use of a hybrid system made it possible to increase energy storage efficiency and the system operation flexibility, compared to solar systems offered by the sector.
Design of thermal energy storage unit for Compressed Air
Energy Storage system
Authors: Szybiak Maciej , Jaworski Maciej
Published: December 2018

The aim of this paper is to present a new concept of a high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) for the application in the compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems. The proposed storage unit combines the advantages of pressurized containers with packed beds, e.g. of rocks, with the strengths of non-pressurized systems such as those encountered in CSP plants. Designed TES unit consists of the heat exchanger located inside a high-temperature thermocline-type vessel with molten HITEC® salt used as a heat storing material. In terms of the geometry of the designed heat exchanger, a tube-in-tube helical coil type was chosen due to its higher convective heat transfer coefficients in comparison with straight tubes. To find the most suitable case, four helical coils with different dimensions (diameter, pitch) were considered. Heat transfer and pressure drop analysis for each configuration were conducted. In particular, convective and overall heat transfer coefficients as well as friction factors were computed based on the empirical correlations. To verify the obtained results, the analysis based on numerical approach has been carried out with the use of ANSYS Fluent software for the most suitable case.
Analysis of the operation characteristics of a selected wind power plant
Authors: Tucki Karol , Bączyk Anna , Wielewska Izabela , Piątkowski Michał
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this paper was to analyse the operation of a wind farm and the wind turbine yields with a total capacity of 46.5 MW. The analysis was divided into two stages: (1) the general characteristics of the facility, which included: a) distribution of wind speeds and the method of calculation and visualisation of the estimated electricity production, b) evaluation of the wind farm operation as per type of tested turbine and the wind farm terrain and (2) the impact of the facility on the quality of electricity in the distribution network.
Power increase of the power plant with single-circuit ORC plant with a wet medium, supplied with water in appropriate proportions from the Lower and Middle Triassic Reservoirs
Authors: Wiśniewski Sławomir , Sołtysik Gabriela , Nowak Władysław
Published: December 2018

This article presents an analysis of the efficiency of the ORC power plant with a wet circulating medium. The power plant is supplied from two heat sources, which are geothermal water streams obtained from the Lower Triassic and Middle Triassic Reservoirs. In the ORC system, it was assumed that one of these streams is directed to the superheater and the other to the evaporator. In the work, two variants of ORC power supply were considered. The first one, in which the maximum stream of water from the Middle Triassic Reservoir ṁg2 = 55 kg/s at a temperature of ${\rm{T}}_{{\rm{g1}}}^2$ = 104°C powers the evaporator, while the water stream from the Lower Triassic Reservoir ṁg1 = 25 kg/s at a temperature of ${\rm{T}}_{{\rm{g1}}}^1$$ = 128°C powers the superheater. In the second variant, the maximum water stream from the Lower Triassic Reservoir ṁg1 = 25 kg/s and a temperature of ${\rm{T}}_{{\rm{g1}}}^1$$ = 128°C feeds the evaporator, while the water stream from the Middle Triassic Reservoir ṁg2 at a temperature of ${\rm{T}}_{{\rm{g1}}}^2$ = 104°C supplies the superheater. In both variants, the geothermal water stream directed to the superheater is the size resulting from ORC plant operation and cannot exceed the maximum flow value for a given geothermal reservoir. The following working substances were taken into account in the analysis: cyclopropane, R143a, R32, propylene, R22, propane, R134a. The analysis carried out showed that in the ORC power plant with a two-source supply the maximum system power was obtained in the case of the first variant for the working medium R143a.
Condensation of Novec 649 refrigerant in pipe minichannels
Authors: Bohdal Tadeusz , Charun Henryk , Sikora Małgorzata
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the results of experimental investigation of Novec 649 refrigerant condensation in tube minichannels. This is a low-pressure refrigerant. This investigations are basis for flow structures visualization during condensation in pipe minichannels. The local and the average values of pressure drop (Δp/L) and heat transfer coefficient α in the whole range of the changes of vapour quality (x = 1 ÷ 0) were calculated. On the basis of the obtained test results there was illustrated the influence of the vapour quality x, the mass flux density G and the inner diameter of channel d changes on the studied parameters. These results were compared with the calculation results based on the dependencies of other authors.
Research on flow boiling heat transfer for vertical upward and downward flows along a minichannel with a smooth heated surface
Authors: Strąk Kinga , Piasecka Magdalena
Published: December 2018

The paper reports results for flow boiling heat transfer in a 1.7 mm deep minichannel vertically-oriented with upward and downward flow. The heated element for HFE-649 flowing upward or downward in a channel was a smooth plate. Infrared thermography allowed determining changes in temperature on the outer plate side. Two-phase flow structures were recorded through a glass pane at the other side of the channel being in contact with the fluid. Analysis of the results was performed on the basis of experimental series obtained for the same heat flux for upward and downward flows and two mass flow velocities. The results are presented as relationships between the heat transfer coefficient or the plate temperature and the channel length, boiling curves, and between the heat flux and the heat transfer coefficient and two-phase flow structure images. The impact of mass flow velocity on the heat transfer coefficient and two-phase flow structures for vertical upward and downward flows were discussed.
Investigations of prototype ejection refrigeration system driven by low grade heat
Authors: Butrymowicz Dariusz , Gagan Jerzy , Śmierciew Kamil , Łukaszuk Michał , Dudar Adam , Pawluczuk Andrzej , Łapiński Adam , Kuryłowicz Adam
Published: December 2018

One of possibilities of reduction of F-gas emission is application of low grade heat to drive the refrigeration systems as well as application of natural or low warming impact working fluids. The own experimental investigation of the ejection refrigeration system operating with refrigerant R-1234zeE are presented and discussed. The system is driven with low grade heat source of temperature below 70°C and thermal capacity approximately 90 kW. The experiments covered the effect of condensation, evaporation and generation temperatures on the capacity and thermal efficiency of the ejection refrigeration system operating for the air-conditioning purposes. Obtained results demonstrated that the proposed system may be thought as the promising heat driven refrigeration system with application of low grade motive heat sources.
Technical problems with compression units in mechanical vapour recompression systems
Authors: Kryłłowicz Władysław , Kantyka Krzysztof , Szewczyk Włodzimierz , Pełczyński Paweł
Published: December 2018

The evidence gathered during works on two prototype heat recovery systems is summarised. The first installation is a low-temperature vapour recompression system, whereas the second is a high-temperature (from an industrial viewpoint) installation. Vapour-contaminated air is the working medium. The authors focused their attention on machine issues mainly. All compressors described below were designed at the Lodz University of Technology.
Non-Fourier effects in the thermal protection against high-power ultra-fast laser pulses
Authors: Lenarczyk Marcin , Domański Roman
Published: December 2018

In this paper the heat transfer process between laser beam and a solid body is investigated in the context of the protective materials, which can be used in the military, manufacturing or scientific fields. An ultra-fast high-power interaction regime is being considered. Non-Fourier effects are taken into account. To simulate effects, which can be of significance in the protective materials design, Cattaneo-Vernotte equation is being solved by means of MacCormack explicit second order numerical scheme. Selected results are discussed in detail.
Experimental investigation of thermal bridges in building at real conditions
Authors: Smusz Robert , Korzeniowski Michał
Published: December 2018

In recent time the energy consumption of buildings may be reduced by the application of modern technologies in the construction industry. Modern building materials ensure a reduction of heat losses. However, studies show that thermal bridges may cause up to 30% of the additional heat losses through the building envelope. Therefore, a one key aspect in assessing the real thermal state of buildings is the identification of the heat losses through thermal bridges. The analytical, experimental and numerical methods are used for the assessment of thermal transmittance value of building. In the paper the authors present the experimental research on heat losses through the building under real winter conditions. Infrared thermovision technique has been used to the thermal bridges assessment in situ. IR thermography technique allowed the determination of the influence of thermal bridges on the additional heat losses. For the obtaining the surface emissivity the measurements have been also performed with the use of thermocouples system. Numerical validation of the experimental results has been performed.
Thermodynamics aspects of a resonant method for detection and destruction of pathogens
Authors: Trela Marian , Kwidziński Roman
Published: December 2018

The aim of the paper is to clarify the way by which pathogens in human body may be detected and destroyed during a flow of high frequency pulsating direct current (PDC), positively polarized, under the condition of electric resonance. The method was discovered by Dr. H. Clark. However she did not clarify the physical basis of the phenomenon. The authors consider the resonant method using principles of thermodynamics and electric current laws. The phenomena of inductance and capacitance are discussed. A measure of total resistance to PDC is represented by electric impedance (Z), which depends on the Ohm resistance (R), specific inductance (L), and capacitance (C).The analytical formula for resonance frequency fr as a function of conductance L and capacitance C is found. At the resonance the impedance goes to minimum and therefore the current intensity increases rapidly to its maximum value. Due to Joule-Lenz law the heat generation is proportional to the squared electric current intensity. This is manifested by sharp increase of a pathogen temperature. The temperature increase destroys pathogens. The second destructive action for pathogen comes from polarization forces which prevent a pathogen entrance to a body cell. The third positive thermodynamic aspect, with respect to pathogen destruction, comes from oscillatory heat generation which induces the oscillatory movements, local pressure fluctuation and leads to the mechanical destruction. It is worth to know that the method discussed above is valid for specific pathogen either alive or dead. It may be also used for detection of toxin, that is, inanimate matter. This was confirmed by Dr. Clark research.
Is nitrate a driver for pigments of phytoplankton (a case study from a small shallow European lake)?
Authors: Rizhinashvili Alexandra L. , Maksimova Olga B.
Published: November 2018

The traditional view of biogenic limitation in freshwater ecosystems considers phosphorus as the primary limiting element, but this concept has recently been challenged. There are a number of studies that suggest that photosynthetic indices may depend on the levels of nitrogen (especially, nitrate-nitrogen). To test the hypothesis about the possibility of nitrogen limitation in the lake ecosystem, the present study analysed the water in the littoral zone of a shallow model lake for the relationship between the content of phytoplankton pigments (chlorophyllaand carotenoids) and nitrate. The nitrate-nitrogen was selected because it is the most chemically stable nitrogen species. The study was conducted in a small lake with a pronounced autochthonous regime (as indicated by its small drainage ratio) during a vegetation season with contrasting hydrological conditions. The relationship with the nitrate concentration was not confirmed for chlorophylla, but the levels of nitrate anion and carotenoids were shown to be related. Chlorophylla, which is regarded as a metabolically active component of phytoplankton cells, shows a close correlation with air temperature. The corresponding prognostic regression models were created. The data on nominal availability of nitrate-nitrogen for primary production show possible nitrogen limitation on some of the observation dates. If the production potential represented by certain levels of nitrate is not realised by phytoplankton, it can be used by filamentous algae. The results of the study provide first steps toward prediction of one of the indicators of phytoplankton growth, the content of two main types of pigment (chlorophyllaand carotenoids).
Invariant slow manifolds of an Atomic Force Microscope system under the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov forces and a slow harmonic base motion
Authors: Baghdadi Sara , Lakrad Faouzi , Belhaq Mohamed
Published: December 2018

In the present work, we study the nonlinear vibrations of an AFM system, modeled as a linear mass-spring-damper system, under the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov forces and subject to imposed slow harmonic base displacement. The invariant slow manifolds of the system are approximated and their bifurcations are investigated. Then, the charts of behaviors of the different operating modes of the AFM are determined. The dynamic saddle-node bifurcations of the contact and the noncontact invariant slow manifolds are found to be responsible for the occurrence of the tapping mode.
Natural Convection in a Horizontal Porous Annulus under Quasi-periodic Gravitational Modulation
Authors: Belabid Jabrane , Allali Karam , Belhaq Mohamed
Published: December 2018

The effect of quasi-periodic gravitational modulation on the natural convection in a horizontal porous annulus is studied in this paper. The model we consider includes the heat and the hydrodynamics equations under Darcy law. The derived model with the stream function is solved numerically using the alternate direction implicit method. Results show that the convective instability and the flow regime are influenced by frequencies ratio of the quasi-periodic gravitational modulation.
A nonlinear model of the hand-arm system and parameters identification using vibration transmissibility
Authors: Hida Nahid , Abid Mohamed , Lakrad Faouzi
Published: December 2018

In the present paper a lumped single degree-of-freedom nonlinear model is used to study biodynamic responses of the hand arm system (HAS) under harmonic vibrations. Then, the harmonic balance method is implemented to derive the vibration transmissibility. Furthermore,Padé approximations are used in the identification process of biodynamic characteristics of the HAS model. This process is based on minimizing the distance between the theoretical and the experimentally measured transmissibilities.

The proposed identification workflow is applied to vibrations at the wrist in two cases: 1) the transmissibility versus the grip force for fixed excitation frequencies, and 2) the transmissibility versus the excitation frequency for fixed grip force.
Towards navigational safety of ecosystem based Maritime Spatial Planning solutions
Authors: Fetissov Mihhail , Aps Robert , Katus Kaidi , Konsap Anni , Lees Liisi , Meyer Nele Kristin , Peterson Anneliis , Tõnismaa Olev , Varjopuro Riku
Published: December 2018

According to EU Directive establishing a framework for Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) the main purpose of MSP is to promote sustainable development and to identify the utilization of maritime space for different sea uses as well as to manage spatial uses and conflicts in marine areas. The offshore wind energy production is considered to be one of the main drivers of MSP in the Baltic Sea Region. However, the impact on navigational safety from offshore renewable energy installations (OREI) should be assessed and taken into account in the MSP processes. In a course of implementation of the INTERREG BSR Baltic LINes project, this planning issue is addressed by analysis of the potential impact on navigational safety from planned OREI off the Hiiumaa Island (Estonia) in the Baltic Sea. As a result, the safe distance of turbines’ boundary from shipping route is evaluated referring as an example to UK relevant regulations determining the manoeuvring space that vessels need in order to keep a safe distance from multiple structures such as OREI. Accompanying environmental safety issues related to marine space allocation for OREI developments off the Hiiumaa Island are addressed.
Stochastic model of deteriorating cargo transshipment at port’s terminal under irregular arrival of ships
Authors: Filina-Dawidowicz Ludmiła , Postan Mykhaylo
Published: December 2018

In the article the stochastic model is analyzed for deteriorating cargo transshipment taking into account the irregularity of arrived ships movement and cargo removing from warehouse with the regular surface transport. It is assumed that unloading rate of ships is given and fixed, but hold capacities of ships are randomly varying. During storage the cargo is subjected to deterioration with the given intensity. The problem of stationary probabilistic joint distribution of number of ships in terminal and quantity of cargo in warehouse is investigated. For this purpose the theory of Markov drift processes and methods of queueing theory are used. The problem of optimal value of deterioration rate is formulated and solved.
Socio-economic impact of the International Waterway E60 on the Polish and Lithuanian coastal regions
Authors: Kalinowski Marcin , Koba Rafał , Matczak Magdalena
Published: December 2018

International Waterway E60 (IWW E60) is a sea-shore route running from Gibraltar to the North along European coast up to St. Petersburg then through the Baltic-White Sea Channel, then along the White Sea coast to Arkhangelsk. From the German-Polish border, along the Polish, Russian and Lithuanian coast to the Lithuanian-Latvian border, the route is 610 km-long and runs along 32 Polish municipalities and 4 Lithuanian regions. Determining the role of IWW E60 is important in the context of economic growth of municipalities and coastal regions, especially through the development of local seaports. Operations of the multifunctional port have a wide economic and social impact. Mutual interaction of functions can be observed on the example of fisheries, where in the port area fishing functions intermingle with the processing, tourism, storage and distribution function. The main socioeconomic benefits of E60 waterway development include the increase in employment, economic activity, generation of added value and improvement of transport infrastructure. In addition, ports influence attractiveness of the regions and create impulse for new jobs in the tourism industry. Until now there have been no attempts to make E60 route navigable or only on short sections, usually between two neighbouring ports. Despite the significant cross-border importance of this connection, no directions for its optimal development were defined. What is more, the route is not used. In connection with this, steps were taken to thoroughly investigate the problem and determine the possibility of its development as part of inland waterways network.
A new relationship between government, industry and knowledge institutes, the case of the maritime sector
Authors: Peeters Chris , Pilon Ruben
Published: December 2018

The paper titled ‘A new relationship between government, industry and knowledge institutes, the case of the maritime sector’ intends to provide a set of principles for the interaction of governments with industrial players. In order to furnish industry (and knowledge institutes) with sufficient flexibility to meet the challenges of the maritime world - with the goal of enhancing its sustainability - unfettered interaction between government, industry and knowledge institutes is key. Each of these players can extend the scope of their activities and responsibilities to enhance cooperation, so that the conglomerate of these parties can achieve the goal of increased sustainability in an increasingly dynamic maritime world. The goal of this paper is to prove the necessity of such cooperation, hence the research question: “Is a closer cooperation between government, knowledge-institutes and industry necessary to cope with modern day challenges within the maritime sector?” The question shall be answered by constructing a theoretical, descriptive argument, expanding on the challenges faced in the maritime sector, showing that current decision making processes are unfit to deal with these challenges, introducing novel principles guiding decision making processes based on commonality between government, industry and knowledge institutes and finally expanding on the role these principles may play in realising the goal of sustainability in the maritime sector.
Botulinumtoxin bei Blasenfunktionsstörungen
Authors: Schulte-Baukloh Heinrich , Bauer Ricarda , Jost Wolfgang , Wissel Jörg , van Ophoven Arndt
Published: December 2018

Die neurogene Detrusorhyperaktivität und die nicht-neurogene. sog. idiopathische überaktive Blase (engl. Overactive Bladder OAB) sind gekennzeichnet durch einen imperativen Harndrang mit oder ohne Harninkontinenz, eine deutlich erhöhte Miktionsfrequenz, und sie sind häufig begleitet von einer Nykturie. Als second-line Therapie nach Versagen einer anticholinergen Behandlung dieser Erkrankungen hat sich die OnabotulinumtoxinA Detrusorinjektion fest etabliert. Der Eingriff ist sowohl im stationären als auch im ambulanten Setting und unter Allgemein- oder Lokalanästhesie durchführbar. Nebenwirkungen betreffen hauptsächlich das Auftreten von Harnwegsinfekten sowie – insbesondere bei neurogen bedingten Funktionsstörungen – den Harnverhalt. Wenn der Neurologe Hinweise auf eine Detrusorhyperaktivität hat und bisherige medikamentöse Therapieversuche nicht zu dem gewünschten Erfolg führen, empfiehlt sich somit eine Vorstellung beim Urologen zur Frage der OnabotulinumtoxinA-Detrusorinjektion.

Dieser Artikel beschränkt sich auf die zugelassenen Indikationen der OnabotulinumtoxinA Detrusorinjektionen und fasst ihre aktuelle Datenlage zusammen.