bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Israel Ruong Lappische Verbalableitung dargestellt auf Grundlage des Pitelappischen; Gustav Hasselbrink Vilhelminalapskans ljudlära med särskild hänsyn till första stavelsens vokaler
Authors: Itkonen Erkki
Published: February 2022

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Irene Sebestyén-Németh 1890–1978
Authors: Itkonen Erkki
Published: February 2022

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István Szathmári [red.] Pais Dezsö tudományos emlékülés Zalaegerszegen.
Authors: Márk Tamás
Published: February 2022

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Vokalharmonie und Vokalbestand im Südostjakischen
Authors: Vértes Edith
Published: February 2022

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Niilo Valonen 1913–83
Authors: Lehtonen Juhani U. E.
Published: February 2022

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Glaubenswelt und Folklore der sibirischen Völker, hrsg. von V. Diószegi
Authors: Honko Lauri
Published: February 2022

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Hat das Finnische ein Passiv?
Authors: Schlachter Wolfgang
Published: February 2022

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Die Entwicklung der Flachsbearbeitungsgeräte im Baltikum in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. und zu Beginn des 20. Jh.
Authors: Leinasare I.
Published: February 2022

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On the development of the clitic postposition category in Estonian
Authors: Ashmore Nevis Joel
Published: February 2022

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Remarks of the problem of substratum and Finno-Ugric - Turkic linguistic interaction
Authors: Baitchura Uzbek
Published: February 2022

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Totenabbilder bei den Chanten und Mansen
Authors: Sokolowa Soja
Published: February 2022

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Situación social y económica de Mixquiahuala de Juárez, Hgo. ante la pandemia covid-19
Authors: García-Rojas Jesus , García-Hernández Yessica , Rodríguez-Aguilar Raquel
Published: February 2022

El impacto que ha tenido el COVID 19 en todo el mundo se resume en una gran caída de las economías de las familias, a consecuencia de ello mucha gente ha tenido que abandonar sus empleos debido a despidos o falta de ventas, algunos otros han cambiado de actividad económica para poder sobrevivir ante la crisis económica, lo cual ha llevado a un desequilibrio social, pues para todo se necesita dinero.

Este enemigo que es la pandemia del COVID 19, el cual no hacia ruido, mientras se alegaba en la sociedad que repercusiones tenía o quizá de donde se originó el virus etc., por lo que nos agarró desprevenidos a todos. Es por ello que de forma paulatina este virus fue afectando a toda la sociedad, como son los comercios, las empresas, los vendedores ambulantes.

Algo de lo más relevante fue la pérdida de empleos de millones de personas a nivel mundial, en el cual México no es la excepción, finalmente esto hace que el hambre llegue a las mesas de las familias provocando un sinfín de carencias y emociones.

Por ello en este artículo se extraen los efectos que ha provocado la pandemia en las personas ligado al COVID, donde ahora ha cambiado la dinámica que llevan las familias, llegando con ello a insistir en recomendaciones para poder salir adelante como sociedad ante la pandemia.
Histopathologic Analysis of Gingival Lesions: A 10-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Orikpete Efetobo Victor , Iyogun Cornelius Azekanabo
Published: February 2022

Background: Lesions of the gingiva account for a significant portion of the diagnostic workload of any oral pathology practice. Biopsy is important in establishing a definitive diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequency and distribution of biopsied gingival lesions in a Nigerian population. Methods: This was a retrospective study of all gingival biopsies performed over a 10-year period. Data on age, gender, site (maxillary or mandibular) and histopathological diagnosis were recorded. The lesions were categorized into two groups: non-neoplastic and neoplastic, with the neoplastic lesions further divided into benign and malignant lesions. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: There were a total of 501 orofacial biopsies during the period under review, with gingival biopsies accounting for 73 (14.6%) cases. The mean age of subjects was 29.6 ± 20.1 years. There were 48 (65.8%) females and 25 (34.2%) males. Non-neoplastic lesions were 50 (68.5%), while neoplastic lesions were 23 (31.5%). The non-neoplastic lesions had an average age of 25.9 ± 17.7 years, and were encountered most frequently in the 10-19 years age group. Eighteen (36.0%) cases occurred in males, while 32 (64.0%) cases were seen in females. The maxillary gingiva (56.0%) was affected more often than the mandibular gingiva (44.0%). Pyogenic granuloma was the most frequent non-neoplastic lesion, accounting for 35 (70%) cases, followed by peripheral ossifying fibroma (n=6; 12%). The neoplastic lesions had a mean age of 37.1 ± 22.9 years, and consisted of 20 (87%) benign and 3 (13%) malignant lesions. The mean age for benign lesions was 35.3 ± 21.6 years, with a peak occurrence between 20 – 49 years. Females were almost twice more frequently affected than males. The mandibular gingiva accounted for 55% of the benign lesions. The most common benign lesion was fibroma (n=8; 40%) followed by ameloblastoma (n=3; 15%). Malignant lesions accounted for 4.1 % of the biopsied gingival lesions, with a mean age 48.7 ± 33.2 years. There was one case each of Kaposi’s sarcoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoma. Conclusion: There is need for histologic examination of all excised gingival swellings.
Patients Satisfaction Toward Dental Health Services Offered at Mnazi- Mmoja Dental Clinic in Dar Es Salaam, Tamzania
Authors: Matofari Benard , Machibya Ferdinand Mabula , Mtaya-Mlangwa Matilda , Kikwilu Emil Namakuka
Published: February 2022

Background: The success of an oral health service can be assessed by the degree of satisfaction/dissatisfaction of its patients. In Tanzania, patients’ satisfaction with dental services has received only minor attention. Objectives: To assess patient satisfaction with dental care among patients at Mnazi-Mmoja Dental clinic. Methodology: A cross sectional study conducted at Mnazi-mmoja dental clinic for two months to determine patients’ satisfaction with dental services offered at Mnazi-mmoja dental clinic. A total of 145 patients of different sex were the subjects during the time of study. The study included all the patients attended at Mnazi-mmoja dental clinic during the time of data collection who were aged from 18 to 65 years. Results: There were more female respondents than male (53.1% versus 46.9%) and majority (62.1%) of the respondents were young adults (between 18 and 35 years). Most (93.4%) respondents showed overall satisfaction with service offered. The level of education influenced the participants satisfaction, showing higher satisfactions among patients with primary educations and those without formal education while low satisfaction was among participants with secondary or higher-level education (96.3% and 51.6% respectively) (p ≤ 0.05). The rest of social-demographic characteristics did not significantly influence patients’ satisfaction. Conclusion: Patients were highly satisfied with dental services offered at Mnazi-mmoja Hospital. In addition, social-demographic factors were not associated with patients’ satisfaction except level of education.
Prevalence of mallocclusion and associated factors in preschoolers from Salvador-BA in 2019
Authors: de Carvalho Amanda Araújo , de Almeida Tatiana Frederico , Teixeira Cangussu Maria Cristina
Published: February 2022

Malocclusion consists of growth and development abnormalities in the relationship between dental arches and / or jaw bones. It usually has a high prevalence in children of preschool age, so it is considered a public health problem. The present study aims to describe the occurrence of malocclusion among preschoolers in Salvador-BA, as well as, to exploratively identify potential factors associated with this problem. This is an epidemiological cross- sectional study involving a random sample of 1577 children in the pre-school age group (36 to 71 months) who attended municipal public daycare centers in Salvador-BA. The study population had a mean age of 54 months and was predominantly composed of blacks / browns (92.02%) and male children (50.29%). The prevalence of malocclusion was 40.46% and the most prevalent condition was open bite (approximately 14%). Digital sucking was performed by 6.73% of the population and 10.39% used pacifiers. Most children (69.43%) do not have the habit of biting objects, and 26.14% gnash their teeth. The protective factors were breastfeeding age ≥ 12 months (PR = 0.63; CI = 0.48- 0.82) and the habit of grinding teeth (PR = 0.7; CI = 0.52- 0.95); and risk factors: digital suction (PR = 5.24; CI = 3.26- 8.41), pacifier (PR = 2.13; CI = 1.27- 3.57), and low insertion of labial frenum (PR = 1.65; CI = 1.15-2.37) Educational measures with family and guardians are essential to reduce prevalence of the disease.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Sonic Versus Ultrasonic Irrigation of the Root Canal System: A Systematic Review
Authors: ABOUZAID Kenza , DHAIMY Said
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Irrigant mechanical agitation has been claimed to enhance the antibacterial efficacy during the root canal treatment. The aim of this study was to systematically review the antibacterial efficacy of ultrasonic compared to sonic agitation of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Materials and methods: Four databases (Cochrane Library, Medline, ScienceDirect and Scopus) were searched to identify systematic reviews, clinical and in vitro trials evaluating biofilm removal following the use of sonic irrigation (SI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) or both and the conventional syringe and needle irrigation (SNI) on mature permanent teeth or models simulating the root canal. Articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria, data were extracted and the methodological quality was assessed independently by two reviewers. Results: The electronic and hand search retrieved 1028 studies. Two clinical controlled trials, thirteen in vitro controlled trials and one systematic review were included. The risk of bias and quality of the selected studies were qualified as moderate and high according to the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) checklists. Overall, both sonic and ultrasonic irrigation improved the bacterial reduction over the conventional irrigation method. However, most of the available evidence could not state significant differences between the antibacterial efficacy of the two methods. Conclusion: It may be concluded that sonic and ultrasonic activation of the irrigants are beneficial in bacterial reduction when compared to conventional needle irrigation, yet, the current data could not find significant differences between the two techniques.
Rodent Ulcer Management with Forehead Flap (Case Report)
Authors: Al Mufti Ammar
Published: February 2022

Rodent ulcer is another name for basal cell carcinoma, it was called rodent ulcer because this kind of cancer sometimes looks like tiny rodent bite on the skin. Basal cell carcinoma develops in basal cells in the lower level of the epidermis. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common non-melanoma skin cancer, it commonly infiltrates locally and rarely metastasis.
Effect of Ganoderma Lucidum, Astaxanthin, Liv.52HB and STC30 on C - Reactive Protein Concentrations of Animal Model with CCL4 Induced Hepatocellular Carninoma
Authors: G.I Ekpo , J.T Johnson
Published: February 2022

Cancer is a major cause of death in developed countries and second in developing countries. Primarily, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents 4% of all types of new cases of cancer diagnosed globally and hence making it the most frequently diagnosed globally. This research studied the effect of some natural products (Ayurvedic) commonly used in the management of hepatitis and HCC on serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) concentration of animal with CCl4 induced hepatocellular carcinoma with the aid of providing and documenting information on some natural products which have been believed to be effective for the management of HCC using C-reactive protein as a marker. Albino rats of Wistar strain with weight range of 60-120g were used for this study. The animals were divided into seven (7) groups of five (5) rats each. Group 1 was the normal control and was not induced while animals in group 2 to 7 where all induced for HCC using CCl4. Group 2 served as positive control and where not treated while animals in group 3 to 7 received various form naturopathic treatment; Ganoderma lucidium, Astaxarthin, Liv52 HB and STC30 respectively. The treatment lasted for a period of three weeks (21 days). Twelve (12) hours after the last treatment, the animal where sacrifice under chloroform anesthesia and blood samples collected via cardiac puncture. The blood sample were allowed to clot by standing then centrifuged at 4000rpm for 10 minutes to separate the blood cells from serum. The serum was separated and used for C - reactive protein concentration estimation. Result of analysis showed the C-Reactive Protein concentration of all induced groups; groups 2 or positive control (584.20 ± 11.08), group 3 or Ganoderma treated group (491.40 ± 26.80), group 4 or Astaxarthin treated group (378.00 ± 37.25), group 5 or STC30 treated group (260.40 ± 5.75), group 6 or liv.52 HB treated group (491.00 ± 15.63) and group 7 or the mix treatment group (408.80 ± 8.54) where all significantly (P≤0.05) higher that of normal control or group 1 (23.44 ± 2.88) indicating an ongoing inflammation occasion by possible carcinoma. However, the CRP concentration in all treated groups was significantly (p≤0.05) reduced compared with the positive control which was not treated. From our results, STC30 appeared to be more potent in reducing the CRP concentration which is also a pointer to reversal of possible cause of inflammation which triggered elevated CRP. Other products used for treatment also showed varying capability is ameliorating CRP triggers which in this study was Hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusively, significant reduction in CRP levels following various treatment may indicate that the natural products are capable of reducing inflammation caused by the induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
The Management of Abdominal Incisional Hernia in Kara Teaching Hospital (Togo)
Authors: Tamegnon Dossouvi , Iroukora Kassegne , Kouliwa Kanassoua Kokou , David Dosseh Ekoué
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To determine the hospital frequency, identify the contributing factors and to analyze the management of abdominal incisional hernia at Kara teaching hospital (Togo). Patients and Methods: This retro and prospective study spanned a period of 6 years from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019. It took place in the general and digestive surgery department of Kara teaching hospital (Togo). Results: During our study period, we had treated 20 incisional hernia among the 4573 laparotomies performed. Among the patients, 10 were women and 10 were men. The mean age is 41 with the extremes ranging from 3 years to 65 years. The patients belonged to several socio-professional groups dominated by housewives and those in the liberal profession. The surgical history was dominated by laparotomies for peritonitis followed by hernias of the white line. The incisional hernia was in on the white line in 17 cases, on a Mouchel incision in 1 case, on a Mac Burney scar in one case and on a drain hole in the right flank in one case. Contributing factors were parietal infections in all cases of peritonitis and obesity in the three cases of white line hernia and in the case of exploratory laparotomy. Therapeutically, the incisional hernia was treated by sample raphy in 4 cases and by prosthesis in 16 cases. The implantation site of the prosthesis was pre-fascial retro muscular in 16 cases. The outcome was marked by an infection of the wall in one patient and a seroma in 1 prolonged case for about 15 days in 3 patients. Conclusion: Abdominal incisional hernias are frequent but rare in our practice. They are a complication of abdominal surgery and recognize several contributing factors whom the most frequent are emergency surgery and obesity in our study. The lack of financial means in our poor countries hinders the generalization of the use of prostheses in the management of abdominal incisional hernia.
Second Degree Burn Healed in 10 Days with Herbal Formulated HLQ Ointment
Authors: Yuqi Tony Tang , Feng Wang , Fangzhou Li , Yuqiu Tang
Published: February 2022

The challenge in the second degree thermal burn wound healing is the risk of infection and Hypertrophic scarring. We administered herbal formulated HLQ ointment on second degree. Burn wound, it produced zero pain of daily dressing changes and achieved complete re epithelialization in 7-14 days.
JIGSAW TECHNIQUE AND STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Ramdhani Muhamma Iqbal , Nurmawati Nurmawati , Amalia Shynta
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to find out whether or not there is significant effect of using Jigsaw technique on the eighth-grade students’ reading comprehension at  Islamic Junior High School  Al-Jauharen. The design of the experiment research is a quasi-experimental research with pre-test post-test control group design. There were 64 students involved as the samples in this study. The results indicated that there was significant difference on the students’ comprehension before (M=60.80, SD= 19.69) and after being taught by using Jigsaw Technique (M=78.62, SD=10.08), t(29)=3.926, p= 0.000< 0.05. The results of independent sample t-test also indicated that there was significant difference on the comprehension of the students in experimental group and in control group (p>0.05). In brief, the results implied that there were there was significant effect of using Jigsaw Technique on the students’ reading comprehension.
THE THE EFFECT OF JOINING ENGLISH COURSE PROGRAM TO ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Syaputri Komala Dwi , Yustita Rika Yeni
Published: February 2022

Abstract: This study aimed to discover the effect of students’ participation in English course program on their English vocabulary mastery. The population of this study was the eleventh grade of SMA Pusri Palembang. In determining the sample, the researcher used purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study was 50 students. The students were defined as students who take English course program and those who do not. In collecting the data, the researcher used mixed-method approach. The English vocabulary mastery test and questionnaire were provided to gain the data. The test was a multiple-choice form. The instruments were analyzed statistically with SPSS 24. The result of the test by conducting Mann Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference of English vocabulary mastery between both groups of students. The result of the questionnaire showed that there were any effects of participating English course program on students’ English vocabulary mastery.
COVİD-19 DÖNEMİNDE VİDEO TEMELLİ LABORATUVAR UYGULAMASI: HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BECERİ DÜZEYLERİ VE GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: KARAÇAY Pelin , ALBAYRAK Selvinaz , YALÇIN Begüm , ŞENGÜL Tuba
Published: February 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı; hemşirelik öğrencilerinin, uzaktan eğitimle video temelli yürütülen Sağlığın Değerlendirilmesi dersi laboratuvar uygulamasındaki beceri düzeylerinin ve görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Araştırma yarı deneysel tek grup son test türündedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Sağlığın Değerlendirilmesi dersi laboratuvar uygulamasını uzaktan eğitimle alan 26 ikinci sınıf hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Öğrenciler, becerilerin video kaydını yapıp yükledikten sonra eğitimciler ile birebir çevrimiçi eğitim oturumlarına katılmışlardır. Araştırmanın verileri, Şubat-Mart 2021 tarihinde “Anket Formu” ve “Beceri Değerlendirme Aracı” kullanılarak elektronik ortamda toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatiksel yöntemler kullanmıştır.
Öğrencilerin beceri puanlarının ortalaması 92.05±6.50 (min-max:76.60-100), her bir muayenenin video kaydını yapmak ve yüklemek için harcanan sürenin ortalaması 2.80±2.13(min-max:1-10) saat, uygulamadan memnuniyet ortalaması 8.50 ± 1.70 (min-max:4-10), ders sonunda öğrencilerin kazandıkları fiziksel muayene yapma becerisi ortalamasının ise 7.23±1.36 (min-max:4-10) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin %80,8’i derste kullanılan yöntemi yeterli bulurken, %92.3’ü fizik muayene becerilerinin ve kendine güvenlerinin geliştiğini ifade etmiştir. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin; %50’si gerçek hasta üzerinde becerileri yapabileceğinden emin olmadığını, %96.2’si birebir eğitim oturumlarında geliştirmesi gereken uygulamaları fark ettiğini, en çok zorluğu muayenenin video kaydını yapma ve yükleme ile aile bireylerini/arkadaşlarını muayene etmek için ikna etmekte yaşadıklarını, %69.2 si ise bu yöntemi önerdiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin fiziksel değerlendirme becerilerinin geliştiği ve bu yöntemle ilgili olumlu görüşlerinin olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur.
Collecting Their Fair Share: Information, Values, and Public Support for the Internal Revenue Service
Authors: Anson Ian G. , Kane John V.
Published: February 2022

In democracies, policy ambitions hinge upon governments’ ability to collect tax revenue from their citizens. Ongoing funding cuts at the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) undermine the U.S. government’s ability to fulfill this function. Yet, despite its central importance, funding for IRS enforcement activities has received scant scholarly attention, limiting our understanding of the factors that underlie public attitudes on this issue. In this article, we report the results of pre-registered experiments that test whether citizens’ attitudes regarding the IRS can be shaped by framing efforts. Specifically, we test both information-based and value-consistent frames that invoke partisans’ core ideological concerns. Results show that these frames significantly increase public support for the IRS, as well as citizens’ willingness to learn more and become politically active. Thus, to ensure state capacity, information about the consequences of IRS under-funding and appeals to partisans’ ideological concerns can be implemented to increase support for tax collection.
The Legacy of Authoritarianism in a Democracy
Authors: Sur Pramod Kumar
Published: February 2022

Recent democratic backsliding and the rise of authoritarian regimes around the world have rekindled interest in understanding the causes and consequences of authoritarian rule in democracies. I study the long-run political consequences of authoritarianism in the context of India, the world's largest democracy. Utilizing the unexpected timing of the authoritarian rule imposed in the 1970s and the variation in a draconian policy, I document a sharp decline in the share of the then incumbent party's, the Indian National Congress, votes and the probability of its candidates winning in subsequent elections. The decline in the incumbent party's political dominance was not at the expense of a lower voter turnout rate. Instead, a sharp rise in the number of opposition candidates contesting for election in subsequent years played an important role. Finally, I examine the enduring consequences, revealing that confidence in politicians remains low in states where the draconian policy was high.
The First Zionist Lobbyists in the U.S: Louis Brandeis' and Stephen Waise's Roles in the Balfour Declaration
Authors: Barda Kobby
Published: February 2022

In the summer of 1917 the efforts of the Zionist Movement, led by Chaim Weizmann, to secure recognition of Palestine as a home for the Jewish Nation, reached their peak. For Weizmann to fulfill his goal of an official Declaration on the matter he turned to an American friend, Justice Louis Brandeis. Dozens of articles and books have been written on the Balfour Declaration, as it became known, however, the dramatic actions taking place in the United States have remained in the shadows. This paper examines the role played by prominent American Jewish figures in the process, as well as the reasons which led President Wilson to change the American position about Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel. Together, they played an instrumental role in the adoption and publication of the Balfour Declaration.
Environmental Uncertainty and Manager's Personnel Value Effect on Environmental Disclosure
Authors: Fuadah Luk Luk , Saftiana Yulia , Kalsum Umi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of environmental uncertainty and managers' personnel value on environmental disclosure. This study uses a saturated sampling of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and the respondents are all managers’ levels. The total sample of this study is 161 manufacturing companies. The respondents got the questionnaires via email, and 64 respondents completed them. These can be processed using the Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square. Findings. The result shows that environmental uncertainty and managers' personnel value have a positive effect on environmental disclosure. Furthermore, this result shows that the manager's personnel value is the most dominant influence of environmental disclosure.  These research findings add to the literature, especially about environmental disclosure, and support contingency theory and structuration theory. The findings can give information especially environmental disclosure for the manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The policymaker should concern about environmental disclosure for companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. The limitation of this research is the low response from the respondents of the research. Another limitation is related to R- Square's results, which still need further research.
Innovations in Coffee: Patents Reveal in Indonesia
Authors: Maidina Maidina , Ferianto Ferianto , Hendrix Tommy
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to reveal coffee-related innovations based on the number of registered patents in Indonesia. This paper used a desk study with a literature review and a descriptive analysis method. A literature study to identify existing innovations from registered documents through patent mining, sourced from Indonesian and WIPO patent databases. Findings. The results from the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights of Indonesia's patent search, the registered patent on coffee is 202 patents. From the invention technology, the innovations group into coffee processing as beverage (53%), coffee processing equipment (27%), extraction process (5%), and coffee breeding or plantation process (3%), and other (11%). Also, 75% of patent owners are not from Indonesia but dominate Switzerland, America, and other countries.
The Effect of Green Marketing Function on Purchase Intention Through Corporate Image
Authors: Nahar Zuwan Nisfu , Silintowe Yunita Budi Rahayu
Published: February 2022

The high growth of the human population accompanied by technological developments has created problems for the environment. The importance of environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly apparent to people which also causes a change in purchasing conduct. This change needs to be anticipated by marketing, one of which is green marketing. This study aims to determine the impact of the green marketing function, which involves green activities, green images, and corporate communication, on purchase intention through the corporate image. Findings. Based on the questionnaire filled out by 163 respondents and analysed using the structural equation modelling, it was found that there was no effect of the green marketing function on purchase intention, but there was an indirect effect between the marketing function on purchase intention and corporate image as the mediating variable. These results indicate that there is full mediation the independent variable can not influence the dependent variable without mediating variable.
The Effect of Technological Innovation on Employee Performance in Pandemic Era: Case from Banking Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyaningtyas Sekar Wulan , Aishah Aishah , Hansen Brenda , Kuspriandani Deviana
Published: February 2022

This study assessed the impact of technological innovation on employee performance, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Data were gathered from private and government banks that applied technological innovations to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The author also elucidated more about the influence of technological innovation on employee performance, influenced by job satisfaction, work-life balance, and burnout. This study described technological innovation within the Jabodetabek Area’s banking industry by using variables that affect employee performance. The questionnaires were distributed through social media to 123 respondents under 40 years of work. The data were then analyzed using PLS-SEM through SmartPLS 3 software. Findings. The results of this study indicated the positive effect of technological innovation on the performance of bank employees. Utilizing technological innovation will increase employees’ satisfaction at work, balance employees' lives, reduce burnout, and improve employee performance eventually. This paper focused on the variables used in the banking industry, especially in COVID-19 Pandemic. Mediating variables used also have never been explored in the previous research.
Hearts in Australia, Souls in Nepal
Authors: Limbu Amrita
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on the intergenerational nature of migrants’ aspirations and the emotions that attach to them. Drawing on Ahmed’s (2014) notion of “affective economies” that emphasises that emotions circulate and accumulate affective value, I show how aspirations attached to migration or the “mobile aspirations” (Robertson, Cheng, & Yeoh 2018) are affectively experienced by their family. While studies have explored aspirations for permanent residency (PR) in the West, as well as the pathways to PR, less is documented of how parents experience their children’s migration aspirations, including for PR abroad. This article addresses this particular gap. Taking the case of Nepali education migrants in Australia and their transnational families, I explore the parents’ emotions when their children aspire for PR overseas. I argue that migration aspirations create a different kind of intergenerational affective economy between parents and children. This article is based on a multi-sited ethnography among Nepali education migrants in Sydney, Australia and their families in Nepal.
Surviving “Car-diac Arrest”
Authors: Gatarin Gina
Published: February 2022

The car dominates the imaginary of urban modernity. Such modernity links the car to living the good life, especially for the growing middle class. However, an environmentalist in my research laments that the unprecedented increase in car volume causes the “car-diac arrest” in our cities. A regime of congestion ensues as too many cars clog our cities’ major arteries. Such situation is a daily experience in Metro Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Although only a tiny minority of the Philippine population owns a car, the lives of millions of Filipinos are impacted by the collective loss of mobility. Through interviews with transport reform advocates and participant observation around Metro Manila, I found that the car has become the ultimate private solution to the public problem of the undesirability of cities. The car creates a one-dimensional world in urban mobility, characterised by its intolerance to other modes of transport. Furthermore, as more cars are added to Manila’s roads, state infrastructure projects and policies highly favour car-centric mobility. This is why walking becomes almost impossible, air pollution worsens, and road traffic crashes take many lives each year. But transport reform advocates are taking action for Metro Manila to survive its “car-diac arrest.” Through pushing for policy reforms, road-sharing initiatives, and partnerships with supportive allies in the government and other sectors of society (called “champions”), they enable the flourishing of alternatives. While they do not see themselves as “anti-car”, they campaign for mobility to prioritise moving people and not just cars. Their ongoing initiatives push for the realisation of “dignified commuting” through a safe, efficient  and reliable public transport system and for active transport (i.e. walking and cycling) to thrive. Through the co-existence of these diverse modes of transport, they reimagine roads as spaces where many worlds can fit.
Allergenic Properties and Molecular Characteristics of PR-1 Proteins
Authors: Wangorsch Andrea , Scheurer Stephan , Blanca Miguel , Blanca-Lopez Natalia , Somoza María Luisa , Martín-Pedraza Laura
Published: February 2022

Only a small fraction of proteins in plants and animals are classified as allergens. The allergenic properties are frequently attributed to certain functional characteristics of the proteins, such as a role in the plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress, to achieve the systematic acquired resistance. In line with this, eight members out of 17 functional pathogenesis-related (PR) protein families have been characterized as allergens. The present review summarizes the molecular features and allergenic significance of allergens of the PR-1 family. Not many allergens have been identified as belonging to this protein family, with most of them having a pollen origin, like mugwort or Bermuda grass. Molecular and structural features of allergenic PR-1 proteins are discussed and attributed to their IgE-reactive properties, clinical manifestation, and cross-reactivity among different foods and inhalants.
Toward Child-Appropriate Acoustic Measurement Methods in Primary Schools and Daycare Centers
Authors: Loh Karin , Yadav Manuj , Persson Waye Kerstin , Klatte Maria , Fels Janina
Published: February 2022

Children spend a considerable amount of time in educational institutions, where they are constantly exposed to noisy sound environments, which has detrimental effects on children’s health and cognitive development. Extensive room acoustics measurements and long-term in-situ measurements in such institutions are scarce and are generally conducted using omnidirectional microphones. This study provides preliminary results of room acoustics in unoccupied conditions and in-situ noise measurements during occupancy, in classrooms and playrooms in Germany using an omnidirectional microphone, an adult HATS (head and torso simulator), and a child HATS. The results indicate that room acoustics of most of the sampled rooms need improvement (mid-frequency reverberation time, T30 (s) = 0.6 (0.3–1.1) and clarity index, C50 (dB) = 6.1 (1.6–10.4); speech transmission index (STI) = 0.7 (0.6–0.8); mean values and range); the sound pressure level (SPL) during activities was around 66 dB (A-weighted equivalent level SPL) in both classrooms and playrooms using omnidirectional measurements, which is somewhat lower than similar measurements in other countries that varied in measurement periods; psychoacoustics parameters relating to sound fluctuation (fluctuation strength and roughness) show variation with increasing room volumes; and that there may be some benefit in considering child HATS for in-situ noise measurements. While the validity of these results in relation to children’s perceptual evaluation (using questionnaires, etc.) is subject to future investigations, the results highlight some of the nuances in the choice of transducers in measurements with children and potential benefits of psychoacoustic parameters in complementing the SPL-based parameters in more comprehensively characterizing the noise environments in educational institutions.
SARS-CoV-2: The Monster Causes COVID-19
Authors: Song Chang , Li Zesong , Li Chen , Huang Meiying , Liu Jianhong , Fang Qiuping , Cao Zitong , Zhang Lin , Gao Pengbo , Nie Wendi , Luo Xueyao , Kang Jianhao , Xie Shimin , Lyu Jianxin , Zhu Xiao
Published: February 2022

Coronaviruses are viruses whose particles look like crowns. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the human coronavirus family to cause COVID-19 which is regarded as a once-in-a-century pandemic worldwide. It holds has the characteristics of a pandemic, which has broy -55ught many serious negative impacts to human beings. It may take time for humans to fight the pandemic. In addition to humans, SARS-CoV-2 also infects animals such as cats. This review introduces the origins, structures, pathogenic mechanisms, characteristics of transmission, detection and diagnosis, evolution and variation of SARS-CoV-2. We summarized the clinical characteristics, the strategies for treatment and prevention of COVID-19, and analyzed the problems and challenges we face.
Effects of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Exercise Training on Psychiatric Symptom Severity and Related Health Measures in Adults Living With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bredin Shannon S. D. , Kaufman Kai L. , Chow Maddison I. , Lang Donna J. , Wu Nana , Kim David D. , Warburton Darren E. R.
Published: February 2022

Previous research has demonstrated the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of exercise training in persons living with schizophrenia. However, the optimal exercise training program remains unclear. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance training on health-related physical fitness and positive and negative symptoms in persons living with schizophrenia. Six electronic databases were searched systematically from their inception to December 2020 [MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)] to identify literature examining the effects of exercise training on psychiatric symptoms and health-related physical fitness indicators in persons living with schizophrenia. A total of 22 studies (n = 913) were included in this review, and 12 studies (n = 554) included within the meta-analysis reported the effects of exercise training (aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance) in persons living with schizophrenia. Aerobic training had a significant decrease on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative scores (ES −2.28, 95% CI −3.57 to −1.00; p = 0.0005) and PANSS general scores (ES −2.51, 95% CI −3.47 to −1.55; p < 0.00001). Resistance training did not lead to significant effects on PANSS total scores. Combined aerobic and resistance training did not lead to significant changes in body mass index, PANSS positive scores, or PANSS total scores. However, grouping together the results from all exercise training modalities (including aerobic training, resistance training, and combined aerobic and resistance training) revealed significant effects on body mass index (ES 1.86, 95% CI 0.84 to 2.88; p = 0.0003), maximal/peak oxygen consumption (ES 2.54, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.62; p = < 0.00001), body weight (ES 6.58, 95% CI 2.94 to 10.22; p = 0.0004), PANSS negative scores (ES −1.90, 95% CI −2.70 to −1.10; p < 0.00001), and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) total (ES −14.90, 95% CI −22.07 to −7.74; p < 0.0001). Collectively, these findings support the importance of exercise participation (aerobic and resistance training) in persons living with schizophrenia.
Metabolomic Profile Reveals That Ceramide Metabolic Disturbance Plays an Important Role in Thoracic Aortic Dissection
Authors: Yang Hang , Yang Fangfang , Luo Mingyao , Chen Qianlong , Liu Xuanyu , Zhang Yinhui , Zhu Guoyan , Chen Wen , Li Tianjiao , Shu Chang , Zhou Zhou
Published: February 2022

Aims

Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening disease with no effective drug therapy thus far. New therapeutic targets and indications for timely surgical intervention are urgently needed. Our aim is to investigate new pathological mechanisms and potential biomarkers of TAD through global metabolomic profiling of aortic aneurysm and dissection patients.

Methods and Results

We performed untargeted metabolomics to determine plasma metabolite concentrations in an aortic disease cohort, including 70 thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and 70 TAD patients, as well as 70 healthy controls. Comparative analysis revealed that sphingolipid, especially its core metabolite C18-ceramide, was significantly distinguished in TAD patients but not in TAA patients, which was confirmed by subsequent quantitative analysis of C18-ceramide in a validation cohort. By analyzing our existing multiomics data in aortic tissue in a murine TAD model and TAD patients, we found that an enhanced ceramide de novo synthesis pathway in macrophages might contribute to the elevated ceramide. Inhibition of the ceramide de novo synthesis pathway by myriocin markedly alleviated BAPN-induced aortic inflammation and dissection in mice. In vitro studies demonstrated that exogenous C18-ceramide promoted macrophage inflammation and matrix metalloprotein (MMP) expression through the NLRP3-caspase 1 pathway. In contrast, inhibition of endogenous ceramide synthesis by myriocin attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage inflammation.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrated that ceramide metabolism disturbance might play a vital role in TAD development by aggravating aortic inflammation through the NLRP3 pathway, possibly providing a new target for pharmacological therapy and a potential biomarker of TAD.
Artemisia scoparia and Metabolic Health: Untapped Potential of an Ancient Remedy for Modern Use
Authors: Boudreau Anik , Richard Allison J. , Harvey Innocence , Stephens Jacqueline M.
Published: February 2022

Botanicals have a long history of medicinal use for a multitude of ailments, and many modern pharmaceuticals were originally isolated from plants or derived from phytochemicals. Among these, artemisinin, first isolated from Artemisia annua, is the foundation for standard anti-malarial therapies. Plants of the genus Artemisia are among the most common herbal remedies across Asia and Central Europe. The species Artemisia scoparia (SCOPA) is widely used in traditional folk medicine for various liver diseases and inflammatory conditions, as well as for infections, fever, pain, cancer, and diabetes. Modern in vivo and in vitro studies have now investigated SCOPA’s effects on these pathologies and its ability to mitigate hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, obesity, diabetes, and other disease states. This review focuses on the effects of SCOPA that are particularly relevant to metabolic health. Indeed, in recent years, an ethanolic extract of SCOPA has been shown to enhance differentiation of cultured adipocytes and to share some properties of thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of insulin-sensitizing agonists of the adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ. In a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, SCOPA diet supplementation lowered fasting insulin and glucose levels, while inducing metabolically favorable changes in adipose tissue and liver. These observations are consistent with many lines of evidence from various tissues and cell types known to contribute to metabolic homeostasis, including immune cells, hepatocytes, and pancreatic beta-cells. Compounds belonging to several classes of phytochemicals have been implicated in these effects, and we provide an overview of these bioactives. The ongoing global epidemics of obesity and metabolic disease clearly require novel therapeutic approaches. While the mechanisms involved in SCOPA’s effects on metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and oxidative stress pathways are not fully characterized, current data support further investigation of this plant and its bioactives as potential therapeutic agents in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and many other conditions.
Clinical Characteristics-Assisted Risk Stratification for Extent of Thyroidectomy in Patients With 1–4 cm Solitary Intrathyroidal Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Dong Fang , Zhou Lin , Wang Shuntao , Mao Jinqian , Liu Chunping , Shi Wei
Published: February 2022

Background

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines recommend that lobectomy is suitable for solitary intrathyroidal DTC (SI-DTC) of 1–4 cm. However, some SI-DTC patients with other high-risk characteristics still have poor prognosis and require more aggressive surgical methods. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics that are important for the identification and treatment of high-risk patients with SI-DTC of 1–4 cm.

Methods

The study cohort was obtained from the SEER database, consisting of data between 2004 and 2013. The outcome measures were thyroid carcinoma-specific mortality (CSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM). Patient survival curves were examined using Kaplan–Meier analyses with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Hazard ratios (HRs) were used to show the magnitude of the effect of disease stage on DTC-specific patient mortality.

Results

The study included 55,947 patients with SI-DTC of 1–4 cm and 4,765 patients with DTC >4 cm. Tumor size, surgical approach, age, sex, race, and radiation exposure were independent risk factors for CSM and ACM. SI-DTC patients with female, age ≤45, and 1 cm< tumor size ≤2 cm were at low risk of CSM [HR = 0.014 (0.002–0.115)] and ACM [HR = 0.115 (0.077–0.171)] when stratified by age, sex, and tumor size. Compared to T3 patients, CSM was not significantly different in male patients, age >45, 2 cm< tumor size ≤3 cm [HR = 0.839 (0.414–1.700)] and male patients, age >45, 1 cm< tumor size ≤2 cm [HR = 0.751 (0.410–1.377)]. Furthermore, compared to T3 patients without extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and lymph node metastasis (LNM), more subgroups of SI-DTC of 1–4 cm had a similar prognosis. In addition, patients with SI-DTC of 1–4 cm showed similar rates of CSM and ACM to T3 patients without ETE, LNM, and distant metastasis (DM). Similar results were obtained when we set the age cut-off value as 55 years, according to the 8th edition of AJCC TNM system.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that sex, age, and tumor size clearly differentiate SI-DTC of 1–4 cm into low-and high-risk categories. Survival rates were significantly lower in subgroups containing old males with larger tumors compared to younger females with small tumors. Total thyroidectomy may be favored in these high-risk subgroup patients.
Novel Nanotechnological Approaches for Targeting Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) in Mitigating Diabetic Neuropathic Pain (DNP)
Authors: Bhandari Ranjana , Sharma Ashmita , Kuhad Anurag
Published: February 2022

Diabetic neuropathy is the most entrenched complication of diabetes. Usually, it affects the distal foot and toes, which then gradually approaches the lower part of the legs. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) could be one of the worst complications of diabetes mellitus. Long-term diabetes leads to hyperglycemia, which is the utmost contributor to neuropathic pain. Hyperglycemia causing an upregulation of voltage-gated sodium channels in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was often observed in models of neuropathic pain. DRG opening frequency increases intracellular sodium ion levels, which further causes increased calcium channel opening and stimulates other pathways leading to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Currently, pain due to diabetic neuropathy is managedviaantidepressants, opioids, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogs, and topical agents such as capsaicin. Despite the availability of various treatment strategies, the percentage of patients achieving adequate pain relief remains low. Many factors contribute to this condition, such as lack of specificity and adverse effects such as light-headedness, languidness, and multiple daily doses. Therefore, nanotechnology outperforms in every aspect, providing several benefits compared to traditional therapy such as site-specific and targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnology is the branch of science that deals with the development of nanoscale materials and products, even smaller than 100 nm. Carriers can improve their efficacy with reduced side effects by incorporating drugs into the novel delivery systems. Thus, the utilization of nanotechnological approaches such as nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, gene therapy (siRNA and miRNA), and extracellular vesicles can extensively contribute to relieving neuropathic pain.