bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancing Parkinson’s Disease Biopathlogy and Drug Discovery by Dual Cellular Modeling
Authors: Chua PinFen , Lim William K. , Seruji Nurr Maria Ulfa , Lizazman Mas Atikah , Mian Vivien Jong Yi
Published: November 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder in the world. Its pathologic hallmarks are dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra and alpha-synuclein accumulation in neurons. However the patho-biologic mechanisms are largely unknown. Current drugs cannot slow or halt disease progression while clinical trials are mostly unsuccessful. Hence better cellular models are needed for pathological and drug discovery studies prior to in vivo validation. PC12 cells are commonly used for neurotoxicity studies but the Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) variant has a faster doubling time and higher basal rate of neurite growth. We developed a NS-1 PD model with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and MTT cell viability assay as readout. We optimized 6-OHDA concentration to a uniquely low 10 µM for a closer approximation to in vivo neurotoxicity. NS-1 cells treated with 6-OHDA displayed hallmark dopamine loss and apoptotic cell death. We used the model to screen a series of xanthones - polyphenolic compounds found in many medicinal plants. We report a novel activity of thwaitesixanthone in the PD model. The model was validated using alpha-mangostin (a neuroprotectant in in vivo and in vitro PD models) which was the most active in restoring cell viability. Alpha-synuclein is now a therapeutic target for stopping PD progression. Human HEK293 cells have neuronal attributes and reported to express pathologic alpha-synuclein. We hypothesized the transfection-efficient HEK293T cells is an optimal cell line for monitoring human alpha-synuclein levels. We make the first report that 6-OHDA treatment increased pathologic alpha-synuclein expression in HEK293T cells. This alpha-synucleinopathy model was validated using alpha-mangostin which attenuated 6-OHDA-induced pathologic alpha-synuclein to baseline levels. Thus we developed a novel NS-1 PD model more representative of in vivo neurotoxicity complemented by a human HEK293T cell-based alpha-synucleinopathy model for tracking pathologic alpha-synuclein levels. We present these dual models for producing in vitro findings with increased likelihood of clinical translation.
Estudo empírico de ferramentas de acessibilidade: Uma proposta para a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência
Authors: Bernardes Arthur de Pádua , Amaral Vittor Fantoni , Morilas Luciana Romano
Published: November 2024

O acesso à educação é um direito básico de todos, mas negligenciado às pessoas com deficiência (PCD). O acesso à educação, como ferramenta de capacitação do indivíduo para ingressar no mercado de trabalho, é essencial para a inserção de qualquer sujeito na sociedade. Busca-se aqui avaliar se o ambiente universitário, enquanto espaço de formação de profissionais qualificados, está preparado para receber PCD. Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo comparativo das ações inclusivas existentes em faculdades de negócios que mantêm relações institucionais. O método utilizado implicou a análise de dados coletados nos sites institucionais de cada organização, já que o direito à informação é garantido por meio de Convenção Internacional. Cada instituição apresenta políticas adequadas à sua comunidade e nenhuma delas representa um modelo ideal a ser seguido. As análises apontam que, em regra, o ambiente universitário (tanto no Brasil quanto nas parceiras internacionais) não está preparado para acolher as PCDs. Um documento centralizador das políticas de acessibilidade e sua divulgação adequada são importantes para que a PCD saiba o tipo de acolhimento que pode esperar e demandar daquela organização. A adequação dos espaços e das políticas, além de cumprir com os requisitos legais, geram ambientes acessíveis que beneficiam toda a comunidade, não apenas as pessoas com deficiência.
Resposta inflamatória em asininos (Equus asinus) submetidos à ovariectomia
Authors:   , Barros Isabella de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Proteínas de fase aguda são glicoproteínas produzidas pelos hepatócitos e liberadas na corrente sanguínea em resposta a dano tecidual, decorrente de processos inflamatórios agudos. Atualmente, são consideradas biomarcadores da resposta inflamatória e infecciosa, quando comparada com outras variáveis como hipertermia, leucocitose e neutrofilia, porém em asininos ainda não foram bem analisadas. Objetivou-se avaliar resposta inflamatória aguda em asininos submetidos à ovariectomia por duas diferentes abordagens. Foram utilizados 18 animais, fêmeas adultas, pesando em média 100 kg, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos, de 09 animais cada, onde grupo I, foram ovariectomizadas por laparotomia e o grupo II por laparoscopia. Após as cirurgias foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis no sangue total: hemograma, fibrinogênio, haptoglobina, albumina, antitripsina, alfa-1 glicoproteína ácida, ceruloplasmina, transferrina, imunoglobulinas A e G. Nos mesmos momentos, no líquido peritoneal, foram mensuradas: número de hemácias e leucócitos, análise citológica diferencial (leucócitos e células mesoteliais), proteínas totais, pH e proteínas de fase aguda. Todas as variáveis foram analisadas antes das cirurgias, 12, 24, 48, 72 horas, 8 e 16 dias após os procedimentos cirúrgicos. Houve um aumento (p<0,05) do número de leucócitos com neutrofilia após as cirurgias, independente do procedimento cirúrgico, no soro e líquido peritoneal. As proteínas de fase aguda tiveram comportamentos diferentes no sangue e líquido peritoneal. Neste trabalho identificamos, pela primeira vez, a proteína P23.000kD no soro e amostras peritoneais de asininos. O interesse sobre o papel das proteínas de fase aguda na medicina veterinária, em especial em equídeos vem crescendo, principalmente, visando utilizá-las como marcadores precoces do processo inflamatório
Máximas intensidades e índices de erosividade de chuvas para o Rio Grande do Norte
Authors:   , Santos Wesley de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

O conhecimento de eventos hidrológicos extremos é um requisito em projetos de drenagem, impermeabilização, barragens, terraços e outras obras de engenharia, seja em áreas urbanas ou rurais. Para reduzir os efeitos das inundações, as obras hidráulicas e as de contenção do precesso erosivo para conservação do solo, são projetadas com base na vazão máxima, observada estatísticamente ou com base em modelos chuva-vazão. Para o desenvolvimento das equações IDF (intensidade, duração e frequência), normalmente é necessário dispor de uma grande base de dados pluviográficos que, na maioria das vezes, não são acessíveis devido à inexistência de uma rede contínua de monitoramento ou de um número reduzido de informações disponíveis. Com base nisso, os objetivos desse trabalho foram determinar as equações de chuvas intensas (curvas IDF) e os índices de erosividade EI30 e EI15 utilizando dados pluviométricos diários fornecidos pela EMPARN (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agroepecuária) de (1964-2013) para os municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, através do emprego da metodologia de desagregação de chuvas diárias. Os dados de precipitação diária foram organizados em planilhas do software excel de forma à obter a precipitação máxima diária anual e determinar as chuvas erosivas. Foi realizada a análise da estatística descritiva com o auxílio dos softwares excel e R, versão 2.12.1, além de verificar a derência dos dados de precipitação as distribuições de probabilidade de Gumbel e Weibull por meio do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov ao nível de 5% de significância. Os postos pluviométricos dos municípios foram georreferenciados para o sistema de projeção de coordenadas (longitude e latitude) em graus, Datum WGS 84, e os mapas foram elaborados com o auxílio de software de SIG, usando o interpolador da Krigagem para espacialização dos parâmetros das equações IDF e dos índices de erosividade EI30 e EI15. Houve tendência, de melhor aderência dos dados de precipitação à distribuição de Gumbel pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov ao nível de 5% de probabilidade para os municípios do Rio Grande do Norte. A espacialização dos parâmetros da função IDF e dos índices de erosividade evidenciou a grande variabilidade das precipitações no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A concentração das práticas conservacionistas devem ser distribuidas durante os meses de janeiro, fevereiro, março e abril, devido a ocorrência da erosividade ser maior nesses quatro meses
Etnopedologia no conhecimento ambiental
Authors:   , Ernesto Sobrinho Francisco
Published: November 2024

A crescente preocupação científica com o desenvolvimento sustentável e uso adequado dos recursos naturais tem despertado para a necessidade de pesquisas com enfoque participativo, aproximando pesquisadores e camponeses. A principal hipótese do trabalho em estudo é a de que o conhecimento do agricultor utiliza como ferramentas as observações vivenciadas nas atividades ao longo dos anos, a respeito dos problemas e soluções para os seus sistemas e que esse conhecimento está em consonância com o saber científico. Consoante a ideia de integração dos conhecimentos e considerando os poucos trabalhos com abordagem etnopedológica desenvolvidos no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Este estudo é, de certa forma, o registro de alguém que, apesar de nunca se esquecer da terra que o viu nascer, mudou-se, viajou por outras plagas; estudou, aprendeu, refletiu, amadureceu e agora volta à terra querida, procurando retratá-la para, ao mesmo tempo, cumprir um impulso do coração e repensar o que aprendeu. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se realizar a avaliação etnopedológica do sítio São Miguel, e com isso elaborar o levantamento pedológico, caracterizar a fauna e a flora e a utilização que se faz delas, conhecer as fontes e uso da água proporcionando a compreensão da realidade local. Na abordagem há análises e nomes científicos, mas também o registro da sabedoria dos antigos; observações próprias colhidas ao longo de muitos anos e anotações ao ouvir as considerações daqueles que vieram antes. O estudo foi desenvolvido no município de Almino Afonso (onde está o sítio Serra de São Miguel, ao lado de outros 29 sítios, fica na zona serrana do médio oeste do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, na divisa com a Paraíba; no divisor de águas: Piranhas (ao sul) e Apodi (ao norte). Como resultados principais, foram identificados três elementos gerais de maior importância na caracterização do ambiente do sítio Serra de São Miguel: o relevo montanhoso, o solo pedregoso e a vegetação arbóreo-arbustiva densa. O relevo rochoso forte ondulado e a vegetação densa, desfavoráveis à penetração da pecuária extensiva, tardaram a ocupação da área local na época colonial. Concluiu-se que o solo em estudo, embora pedregoso, apresentou fertilidade natural adequada para sustentar a agricultura com técnicas empíricas, fator que induziu o sertanejo a procurar serras por apresentarem maiores precipitações pluviais para seu abastecimento de água, e produção de colheitas mais fáceis no sertão pecuarista
Synthesis of Metal Complexes from N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Schiff Base Ligands
Authors: Sahu Rojalin , Sahu Puspanjali
Published: November 2024

The synthesis of transition metal complexes from N-heterocyclic carbene
and Schiff base ligands is discussed in this chapter. A few basic characteristics of
water-soluble, N-heterocyclic carbene-based complexes are also described. The
increased hydrophilicity of these water-soluble metal complex-based catalysts
improves their applicability. Though research based on carbon-carbon coupling
reactions is dominating, recent studies demonstrate that water-soluble N-heterocyclic
carbene-based complexes can be utilized in the hydrocyanation and metathesis
reactions. Compounds formed by the condensation of active carbonyl compounds and
primary amines are called Schiff bases. RR’C=NR” is the general structure of Schiff
bases, where R”, R’ and R are hydroxyaryl, hydroxyalkyl, cyclohexyl, alkyl, etc. In this
chapter, the synthesis of metal complexes from N-heterocyclic carbenes and the
synthesis of Schiff base complexes by ligand exchange, metal exchange, amine
exchange, coordinated secondary amine oxidation, in situ methods, and direct synthesis
methods are described.
Applications of Metal Complexes in Diagnosis
Authors: Sahu Rojalin , Sahu Puspanjali
Published: November 2024

This chapter summarizes some metal complexes that have been used in
recent years to diagnose disease states. Gamma scintigraphy, positron emission
tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are discussed as diagnostic
imaging modalities. With the three imaging modalities, metal complexes are used to
image a variety of diseases, including heart disease, brain tumors, and cancer. It has
been shown that many different radiometals can be used in the synthesis of
coordination compounds for gamma scintigraphy and PET, and each of these will be
discussed separately. Besides that, metal complex chemistry encompasses an extensive
area of study that analyzes radiometals. The development of coordination compounds
for MRI enhancement and radiopharmaceuticals, particularly those that have been used
in vivo in the case of humans, are described. Essentially, this chapter aims to show that
coordination chemistry has made significant progress toward the development of
diagnostic imaging agents as a whole.
Metal Complexes used as Energy Materials
Authors: Sahu Rojalin , Sahu Puspanjali
Published: November 2024

The globe is currently dealing with an energy crisis, which is very
concerning. While energy accessibility and availability have a significant impact on
human well-being, the world's dependence on alternative energy sources is growing as
a result of the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels. Scientists are developing other
sustainable energy sources so that we can meet future energy needs and live in a
cleaner environment. In the natural environment, excitation energy transfer is the
principal procedure for the light-harvesting procedure. In recent years, transition metal
complexes have been used in many applications, such as electroluminescent materials,
photoinduced energy transfer materials, energy storage materials, and organic
photovoltaic materials. Additionally, these materials provide the potential to behave as
carbon sinks, hence providing a chance for more storage materials that are sustainable.
For years, the electrochemical behavior of transition metal complexes has been
explored in devices that store energy, such as redox flow batteries, supercapacitor
electrodes, sodium-ion batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. In this chapter, various
transition metals and other metal complexes that are utilized as energy materials are
highlighted.
Challenges in Digital Payments and Financial Cyber Frauds in Rural India
Authors: Rajput Rahul , Thakral Bindu
Published: November 2024

Improving digital payment trends in rural India is crucial given the growing
impact of ICT penetration, demonetization, and digital activities for small businesses in
rural sectors. The shift to digital payments can offer benefits such as transaction
transparency, reducing parallel economy, and improving ease of doing business.
Although various digital wallets such as Paytm, Mobikwik, and PhonePe have been
introduced and the government has launched UPI solutions like the BHIM app, rural
banking consumers still struggle to embrace digital payments due to the lack of digital
literacy. India has a large rural population, but only a small percentage is digitally
literate, hindering digital payment adoption. This research study examines the
significance of digital literacy in the current banking environment, focusing on issues,
opportunities, and difficulties related to the adoption of digital payments in the rural
banking sector.
Preaching as the Convergence of the Vanishing Point between Reality and Imagination: Exploring the Reciprocity between Remembrance and Imagination
Authors: Kruger Ferdi P.
Published: November 2024

The inquiry posed in this research seeks to answer the question: “How can a homiletical praxeology focused on imagination enhance one's understanding of their remembrances to see and reason about invisible aspects communicated to them?” Employing a qualitative-hermeneutical approach that integrates descriptive and theological perspectives, this question is addressed retrospectively. The focus is on the convergence between reality and imagination and the distinctive contribution of preaching in this context. The investigation delves into the nuanced examination of two powerful legs of a homiletical praxeology – remembrance (anamnesis) and imagination. The dynamic act of remembrance involves the intricate assembly of fragmented memories from the gospel and daily life, underscoring its paramount significance. The exploration extends to the essential dynamic of meaning-making (Sinndeutung), asserting that preaching, dealing with remembrance and imagination, provides a vital aperture for listeners to participate in this endeavour actively. While liturgy furnishes a distinctive framework enabling preachers and listeners to operate on the same eye level when contemplating the vanishing point, the dynamic interplay of remembrance and imagination, influenced by what listeners have remembered, might deviate from the preacher's initial expectations. Despite potential disparities, it is contended that a preacher deeply connected to remembrances of the gospel and adept at reimagining counteractive alternatives in the passage can effectively enable listeners to remember vividly with an eye on imagination.
Can Resonance Help to Analyze a Large Corpus of French Broadcast Homilies?
Authors: Dumont Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

The concept of resonance proposed by Hartmut Rosa offers a relational and bidirectional perspective, providing a valuable lens to address certain limitations of the concept of agency in theology. Specifically, it avoids emphasizing a stark opposition between human and divine agency. In this paper, we aimed to explore how preachers articulate a resonant relationship solely through the verbs they employ. Building on Anne Agersnap and Kirstine Helboe Johansen’s research on a corpus of Danish sermons, we conducted a distant reading of a substantial corpus comprising 2900 French broadcasted homilies. We applied a statistical approach to analyze the verbs present in this corpus, aiming to characterize the type of relationships that emerge from them. By applying a similar process to other types of biblical and secular texts, we were able to compare the relational dynamics that distinguish each corpus. This approach enhances our understanding of the literary genre of these homilies and situates their theological style within broader contexts.
From Consternation to Conventionality? Initial Insights from Research on Preachers’ Reactions to Political Events or: October 7th 2023 in German Sermons
Authors: Deeg Alexander , Matusche Georg
Published: November 2024

In the broad field of discourse on the topic of political preaching, which is outlined at the beginning, this article takes a reductive approach and asks how preachers in Germany deal with Hamas' attack on Israel on October 7, 2023 in their sermons. The essay offers initial insights into an empirical project that collected sermons from major German cities and examined them with regard to the aforementioned question. It posits the thesis that three phases can be distinguished: A first phase of speechlessness and consternation is followed by a second phase in which preachers integrate the events theologically. In the third phase, October 7 becomes a motif or an allusion. The first conclusions for political preaching and its liturgical environment are derived from this observation.
How Patients With Cancer Use the Internet to Search for Health Information: Scenario-Based Think-Aloud Study
Authors: Huijgens Fiorella , Kwakman Pascale , Hillen Marij , van Weert Julia , Jaspers Monique , Smets Ellen , Linn Annemiek
Published: November 2024

Background

Patients with cancer increasingly use the internet to seek health information. However, thus far, research treats web-based health information seeking (WHIS) behavior in a rather dichotomous manner (ie, approaching or avoiding) and fails to capture the dynamic nature and evolving motivations that patients experience when engaging in WHIS throughout their disease trajectory. Insights can be used to support effective patient-provider communication about WHIS and can lead to better designed web-based health platforms.

Objective

This study explored patterns of motivations and emotions behind the web-based information seeking of patients with cancer at various stages of their disease trajectory, as well as the cognitive and emotional responses evoked by WHIS via a scenario-based, think-aloud approach.

Methods

In total, 15 analog patients were recruited, representing patients with cancer, survivors, and informal caregivers. Imagining themselves in 3 scenarios—prediagnosis phase (5/15, 33%), treatment phase (5/15, 33%), and survivor phase (5/15, 33%)—patients were asked to search for web-based health information while being prompted to verbalize their thoughts. In total, 2 researchers independently coded the sessions, categorizing the codes into broader themes to comprehend analog patients’ experiences during WHIS.

Results

Overarching motives for WHIS included reducing uncertainty, seeking reassurance, and gaining empowerment. At the beginning of the disease trajectory, patients mainly showed cognitive needs, whereas this shifted more toward affective needs in the subsequent disease stages. Analog patients’ WHIS approaches varied from exploratory to focused or a combination of both. They adapted their search strategy when faced with challenging cognitive or emotional content. WHIS triggered diverse emotions, fluctuating throughout the search. Complex, confrontational, and unexpected information mainly induced negative emotions.

Conclusions

This study provides valuable insights into the motivations of patients with cancer underlying WHIS and the emotions experienced at various stages of the disease trajectory. Understanding patients’ search patterns is pivotal in optimizing web-based health platforms to cater to specific needs. In addition, these findings can guide clinicians in accommodating patients’ specific needs and directing patients toward reliable sources of web-based health information.
Adolescents’ and Parents’ Perspectives on Utilizing the MedSMA℞T Families intervention in Emergency Departments for Opioid Medication Safety Education: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Abraham Olufunmilola , Nadi Sara , Hurst Irene
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The opioid crisis has significantly impacted adolescents and families. This is attributed in part to increased opioid prescriptions in pediatric Emergency Departments (EDs) due to acute pain and injuries. Although EDs frequently prescribe opioids, no preventative interventions have been implemented to educate adolescents and their families on safe opioid use. This study evaluates the MedSMA℞T Families intervention, which consists of a serious game and a personalized Family Medication Safety Plan (FMSP) with the aim to reduce opioid misuse. The MedSMA℞T Families intervention was developed to educate adolescents and adults prescribed opioids on safe practices such as opioid storage and disposal.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to characterize adolescents’ and parents’ perspectives on implementing the MedSMA℞T Families intervention in the ED to improve opioid education and safety among adolescents.

METHODS

A total of 93 participants, including 16 children and 77 parents, were recruited from the Pediatric ED at a tertiary academic hospital to play the MedSMA℞T game in the ED. A total of 16 participants, including 8 children and 8 parents, were followed up with interviews. Participants engaged with a serious game – Adventures in PharmaCity – and an FMSP. Data were collected through gameplay observation and 75-minute semi-structured interviews via Zoom. In-game data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis with NVivo 14.

RESULTS

Parents spent an average of 21 minutes playing the game, while children spent an average of 22 minutes. Families appreciated game design and noted usability challenges and suggested enhancements for more gameplay instructions. Participants reported increased knowledge of opioid safety, highlighted the importance of communication with healthcare providers, and suggested a mobile app for medication management. The FMSP was perceived as valuable for promoting awareness of safe practices and connected well to the knowledge gained from the game.

CONCLUSIONS

The MedSMA℞T Families intervention was well received as a beneficial educational tool to educate adolescents and their families on safe opioid use. Additionally, it highlights the need for more accessible digital tools. This feedback indicates a strong interest in improving educational resources to ensure safe opioid management.
Effects of a Cloud-based Synchronous Telehealth Program on Valvular Regurgitation Regression: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Li-Tan , Ho Yi-Lwun , Wu Chi-Han , Lee Jen-Kuang , Chen Ying-Hsien , Huang Ching-Chang , Hung Chi-Sheng , Wu Hui-Wen
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Telemedicine has been associated with better cardiovascular outcomes, but its effects on the regression of mitral regurgitation(MR) and tricuspid regurgitation(TR) remain unknown.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate whether telemedicine could facilitate the regression of MR and TR compared to usual care and whether it was associated with better survival.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study enrolled consecutive patients with isolated MR or TR of at least moderate severity and with a follow-up transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) at least 3 months apart from 2010 through 2020, with follow-up through December, 2022. Patients receiving telehealth services for at least two weeks within 90 days of baseline TTE were categorized as the telehealth-group; the remainder constituted the non-telehealth group. Daily biometric data including blood pressure, pulse rate, blood glucose, electrocardiogram, and oxygen saturation, were transmitted to a cloud-based platform for timely monitoring in telemedicine participants. Experienced case managers contacted patients regularly and initiated immediate action for concerning measurements.

RESULTS

The MR cohorts consisted of 264 patients (mean age, 67 years), including 97 regressors and 74 telehealth-participants. Telehealth participation (HR 2.20; 95% CI 1.35-3.58; P=0.001) was robustly associated with MR regression, which was linked to reverse cardiac remodeling, represented by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and LV and LA dimensions (all P≤0.02). Determinants of ACD were age, LVEF, percutaneous coronary intervention, and MR-regressors (all P≤0.02). The TR cohort consisted of 245 patients(mean age, 68 years), including 87 regressors and 61 telehealth participants. Telehealth was one of the univariable determinants of TR regression, while beta-blocker use and baseline TR remained strong predictors of TR regression in multivariable analysis (both P≤0.048).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients in the telehealth group were 2.2 times more likely to experience MR regression. Moreover, MR regressors had better survival and reverse cardiac remodeling compared to non-regressors. These findings may have important implications for future guidelines.
Effectiveness of combined pharmacological treatment in patients with lumbar discogenic pain in degenerative dystrophic diseases
Authors: Chervatiuk M.S. , Fishchenko I.V.
Published: November 2024

Background. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of combined drug therapy in the treatment of lumbar discogenic pain. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed of treatment outcomes in 25 patients with an average age of 39.4 ± 8.3 years who were diagnosed with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, lumbago, lumbar discogenic pain and underwent a course of conservative treatment (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, and group B vitamins) and wore a corset. The study was conducted in the spine surgery clinic of the State Institution “Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” from September 2023 to October 2024. The visual analog scale (cm), Oswestry Disability Index were used. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using Microsoft Excel and Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft Inc.). The results were evaluated after 1 and 6 months. Results. A mode-rate effectiveness of a combination of NSAIDs, muscle relaxants and group B vitamins in the treatment of lumbar discogenic pain in the short term has been established. Long-term results after 6 months showed that 6 (24 %) patients had an exacerbation of the pain syndrome, 14 (56 %) — no changes, and only 3 (12 %) patients achieved a positive effect of pain treatment. The study of the subjective assessment of well-being demonstrated that the improvement was observed throughout the observation period, but was relatively low: the Oswestry Disability Index immediately after treatment was 36.16 ± 6.08 (regression by 14.4 %), in 1 month — 35.60 ± 7.59 (regression by 14.9 %) and in 6 months — 38.56 ± 7.90 (regression by 12 %). Conclusions. The use of a course of combined pharmacological treatment with NSAIDs, muscle relaxants and group B vitamins is effective in the treatment of back pain only in the short-term (up to 1 month) perspective.
Finite element analysis of transpedicular fixation options in the thoracolumbar junction with a burst fracture of the Th12 vertebra during trunk extension
Authors: Nekhlopochyn O.S. , Verbov V.V. , Cheshuk Ie.V. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Yaresko O.V.
Published: November 2024

Background. The therapeutic strategy for burst neurologically intact fractures of the thoracolumbar spine continues to cause disagreement among surgeons, remaining a relevant topic for discussion. At the same time, when treating injuries of the thoracolumbar junction, surgical methods are generally preferred due to the biomechanical characteristics of this region. The purpose was to study the stress-strain state of a lumbar spine model with a burst fracture of the Th12 vertebra under various transpedicular fixation options during trunk extension. Materials and methods. A finite element model of the human thoracolumbar spine with a burst fracture of the Th12 vertebra was developed, along with a transpedicular stabilization system. Four transpedicular fixation options were modeled using short and long screws passing through the anterior surface of the vertebral body, as well as models with and without cross-links. Results. It was found that for models with short screws without cross-links, long screws without cross-links, short screws with cross-links, and long screws with cross-links, the stress values in the body of the injured vertebra were 19.7, 29.3, 19.2, and 29.0 MPa, respectively. Regarding the metal-bone contact zones, peak loads were identified at the screw entry point into the L2 vertebral arch and amounted to 11.1, 23.3, 11.1, and 22.1 MPa for the respective models. At the same time, the highest stress values were observed in the transpedicular screws within the L2 vertebral body — 42.9, 45.5, 40.6, and 42.8 MPa, respectively. Conclusions. During trunk extension, the use of cross-links reduces the stress levels at all control points of the models, regardless of the length of the fixation screws. However, the use of bicortical screws is associated with an increase in stress levels specifically in the injured vertebra.
Application of BIM Technology in Construction Engineering
Authors: Huang Jingyi , Jiang Xiangyang , Ma Yikui , Fu Hanghang , Wang Ran
Published: November 2024

Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has become a transformative tool in construction engineering, enabling enhanced efficiency, collaboration, and project management. This paper explores the application of BIM in various aspects of construction, including design optimization, scheduling, cost estimation, and facility management. The use of BIM allows for better visualization, clash detection, and data integration, significantly reducing errors and improving decision-making. Despite its numerous benefits, challenges such as high implementation costs, skill gaps, and resistance to change hinder its widespread adoption. By addressing these issues and leveraging emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and IoT, BIM is set to play a critical role in advancing sustainable and smart construction practices.
Secure Message Hashing with SHA-256: Cryptographic Implementation
Authors: Raut Krutia
Published: November 2024

Hash Functions are fundamental devices in the information security on the internet. The hash function used in various security applications are known as cryptographic hash function. The cryptographic hash function plays a crucial role in cryptography to ensure certain security objectives. A simple and effective implementation of the SHA-256 hashing algorithm using Java. While it is securing sensitive data and assuring data integrity, it has extensive applications through digital signatures, authentication protocols, and blockchain technology. Cryptographic hashing functions are implementations that introduce a discussion of the theoretical underpinnings of SHA-256: its operation and importance in securing data.It offers a detailed reference to the cryptographic implementation of SHA-256 in software programs and embedded systems, highlighting its effectiveness and security in practical applications. Additionally covered in the study are possible weaknesses, ways to mitigate them, and the value of safe hashing in contemporary cryptographic systems.
Impact of Thermal Forces on Curved Bridge Bearings: A Comparative Study of Rigid and Elastic Link Configurations According to ASC Code Standards
Authors: Mishra Shiril
Published: November 2024

For any bridge, the bearings are arranged such that the internal forces due to thermal, creep and shrinkage effects can be minimized in the deck. A typical bearing arrangement for the straight bridges, releasing all the constrained internal forces from the deck. The arrangement helps in the simplification and optimization of the deck design calculations. It is important to note that the expansion joints at the ends A and C shall accommodate the longitudinal displacements due to thermal, creep, and shrinkage considerations. Similarly, for the curved bridges, different types of bearing arrangements are possible based on the following criteria, (i) to minimize the internal forces in the bridge deck and the bearings, and (ii) to avoid the translation of the expansion joint across the traffic direction. The following are the bearing systems for the curved bridges, Radial bearing layout: The bearings are oriented such that the translation in the bearings is allowed radially with respect to the fixed bearing as shown in figure 4. This minimizes the internal forces in the bridge deck due to longitudinal actions (thermal, creep, and shrinkage effects) and reduces the bearing forces but the expansion joint at the abutment has translation along and across the traffic direction
Experimental Exploration of High Strength Concrete (HSC) Properties Using Mineral Admixtures and Superplasticizers
Authors: R Dhangar Pushpkant
Published: November 2024

High Strength Concrete (HSC) has garnered increasing interest due to its applications in modern construction, where enhanced strength, durability, and long-term performance are required. This study investigates the impact of mineral admixtures (such as fly ash, silica fume, and ground granulated blast-furnace slag) combined with superplasticizers on the properties of HSC. By systematically incorporating these admixtures at varying dosages and evaluating the mechanical and rheological properties of the resulting concrete, this study aims to optimize HSC formulation to enhance compressive strength, workability, and durability. Experimental results reveal significant improvements in concrete performance, suggesting that mineral admixtures and superplasticizers can synergistically improve HSC properties. These findings can inform mix design strategies for applications requiring high-performance concrete
Mastering Change: The Journey from Waterfall to Agile and Hybrid Project Management
Authors: Raman Manju
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The author explores the project management methodologies transitioning from Waterfall to Agile to Hybrid in this article. The author analyses each methodology to document the suitability, advantages, and disadvantages of Waterfall and Agile methodologies. Waterfall has a very constricted approach, with the activities happening in a sequence and with no deviation allowed from them. The stakeholders play a vital role in the early phases when providing the requirements, and they are only involved during the testing phase. This methodology demands extensive documentation of the business case, project plan, requirements, product design, etc., and at the same time, lacks flexibility in adapting to changes in requirements during later phases of the project. Agile, on the other hand, advocates an iterative approach to development. With the close collaboration of the stakeholders or the customers, the requirements are documented by the Product Owner, and any questions or clarifications the developers need are immediately available from the customers/stakeholders. Stakeholders working in close contact with the team result in high demands and changing requirements from them and can tax the team. Agile does not favour extensive documentation, and thus, it can adversely affect the team if they are working on a long-running project with new team members joining the team. Both methodologies have their advantages, which were incorporated into the Hybrid methods and are expected to overcome the challenges faced by the teams when using either
Effect of Nano-Fluids on Heat Exchanger Efficiency: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Shinde Sunil , Kharat Aditya , Kondewar Parnavi , Lenekar Mrunal , Magar Pradnya
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Heat exchangers are an integral part of any thermal system that finds wide applications in a wide spectrum of industrial applications. Major determinants of the system's performance include thermal efficiency, operating parameters, and compatibility between working fluids. The use of nanofluids as a working fluid has proven to be an effective way to enhance heat exchanger efficiency. This paper investigates the impact of nanofluids on improving heat exchanger efficiency by improving their thermal characteristics. It contains the largest part of the overview of existing literature, an analysis of the processes of heat transfer, and an assessment of their performance in various applications. This research tries to find important factors that govern efficiency and also locate the insufficiencies of existing works so that it may guide further improvements in this regard. The findings are expected to provide ample insight into the optimization of heat exchanger performance with nanofluids and to guide future research and development work
Virtual tour based in augmented reality as a biology learning media
Authors: Laswi Aishiyah Saputri , Bungawati B.
Published: November 2024

This study aims to see the validity and practicality of augmented reality-based virtual tour biology learning media. Media was developed specifically for the introduction of cell organelles. This research applies Research and Development research and uses the Interactive Multimedia System Design and Development method as the system development method. The steps for developing IMSDD are system requirements, design considerations, implementation and evaluation. The research was conducted at MAN Palopo with research subjects of eleventh class of math and science with 24 students in total. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and questionnaires using interview guide instruments, observation sheets and questionnaire sheets. Data analysis techniques are carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. The research results (1) The validity of media after going through the validation test stage by the two experts, namely 96.16% is in the valid category, (2) The results of the practicality test by students obtained results of 87.83% in the very practical category, while the results of the practicality test by the teacher obtained a result of 96% in the very practical category. The presence of augmented reality-based virtual tour media in the introduction of cell organelle material is able to facilitate students in recognizing each microscopic cell organelle so that it appears real. The use of Augmented Reality based virtual tours in learning allows students to learn independently outside the classroom and can increase the learning experience to be more interactive and interesting for students.
Fraud Diamond Model To Detecting Financial Reporting Fraud: Effectiveness Social Media Transparency as A Moderating
Authors: Juanda Ahmad , Setyawan Setu , Candra Inata Lia
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test and analyze pressure factors, opportunities, rationalization and capability in detecting financial statement fraud. Also, testing and analyzing the effectiveness of social media transparency in moderating the perspective of the diamond fraud model to detect indications of financial statement fraud.
Methodology/approach: The data used in this study are secondary data obtained by documentation techniques. The population of this study is all State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) companies in 2022.
Findings: The results found that there was a positive influence between pressure, opportunity and the ability to detect financial statement fraud, while the negative effect was only found in rationalization. The effectiveness of social media transparency strengthens the relationship between pressure variables, rationalization, the ability to detect indications of financial statement fraud. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of social media transparency weakens the relationship between opportunity variables to detect indications of financial statement fraud.
Practical implications: This research contribution can be used as input to companies to detect model factors, namely diamond fraud in detecting financial statement fraud and can be used for investors to be more careful in investing funding in certain companies through the impact of financial statement fraud.
Originality/value: The Diamond fraud model in detecting financial statement fraud with its moderation variable is the effectiveness of social media transparency. This research is a replication and development of previous research, the difference: this study uses data from all state-owned companies, to strengthen the theory of the new diamond fraud model and ascertain whether it can be used as a reference to find out the causes of financial statement fraud, this study uses the effectiveness of social media transparency as a moderation variable
Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch Containing Withania Coagulans
Authors: Manikpuriya Shubhangi , Gandakhe Indrajeet , Shinde Nikita , Pawar Sanskruti , Sanap Dr.Gajanan
Published: November 2024

When applied across the skin's mucous membrane, skin care products including gel, lotion, ointment, cream, peel-off masks, etc., are meant to have a localised effect. A peel-off mask is a type of dosage form that is gently placed to the face and taken off after a short while. It is said to tighten, moisturise, and eliminate tan lines from the skin in addition to treating common skin problems. We are now preparing the recipe for a Tulsi peel-off face mask. Tulsi extract lessens acne, evens out skin tone, and slows down the ageing process of the skin. As excipients, the formulation includes glycerol, citric acid, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc. Numerous formulations were examined for peeling time, spreadability, pH, and stability studies, among other attributes. When evaluated for the parameters, the formulation is found to be within the designated range.
Review on Skin Disease Seborrheic Dermatitis Along With Its Treatment and Formulary
Authors: Bhujbal Rutuja , Musale Shreya , Barge Mrudula , Naikawadi Nishigandha
Published: November 2024

Seborrheic Dermatitis is common inflammation of the skin, occurring most often on the face, scalp and chest. It is closely related to infantile seborrheic dermatitis, or diaper rash.Seborrheic Dermatitis is particularly common in patient with Parkinson’s disease or with HIV/ AIDS. Yeast of the genus Malassezia has long been regarded as a main predisposing factor, even though causal relationship has not been firmly established. Additional predisposing factors have been described, including sebaceous activity, host immunity (especially HIV infection), epidermal barrier integrity, skin microbiota, endocrine and neurologic factors, and environmental influence.
After synthesizing key evidence from the literature, we propose that intrinsic host factors, such as changes in the amount or composition of sebum and/or defective epidermal barrier, rather than Malassezia, may form the basis of SD pathobiology. The resent resurgence of interest in Malassezia yeasts has revived the old hypothesis that seborrheic dermatitis is caused by an altered relationship between these skin commensals and the host. Moreover, the success of antifungal medications in treating seborrheic dermatitis provides new evidence for this view.
Review on skin burn along with its treatment
Authors: Barge Mrudula , Bhujbal Rutuja , Palange Anushka , Naikwadi Nishigandha
Published: November 2024

Burn care is a very important medical concern. A weakened physical barrier function of the skin can lead to an infection because it exposes the body to microbial invasion. The process of healing damage from burn injuries, endocrine system irregularities, and the onset of an elevated metabolism with subsequent nutrient delivery are all hampered by the increased excretion of water as well as nutrients.
Additionally, the body produces additional oxidative stress when inflammation as well as free radical activities are initiated. These processes can be largely prevented by maintaining enough levels of antioxidants as well as minerals in the body.
As more information from studies and clinical experience is gained, the treatment of patients with thermal damage becomes increasingly successful. Furthermore, burn injuries can present unique issues that require lifetime rehabilitation or late intervention.
In addition to improving patient safety and assistance, research on treating burn wounds has led to advances that will continue to improve functional recovery. This article reviews recent advancements in the medical care of burn victims, with a focus on the physiological characteristics and management of burn wounds.