bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levels of measurement and statistical analyses
Authors: Williams Matt N
Published: May 2019

Most researchers and students in psychology learn of S. S. Stevens’ scales or “levels” of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio), and of his rules setting out which statistical analyses are admissible with each measurement level. Many are nevertheless left confused about the basis of these rules, and whether they should be rigidly followed. In this article, I attempt to provide an accessible explanation of the measurement-theoretic concerns that led Stevens to argue that certain types of analyses are inappropriate with data of particular levels of measurement. I explain how these measurement-theoretic concerns are distinct from the statistical assumptions underlying data analyses, which rarely include assumptions about levels of measurement. The level of measurement of observations can nevertheless have important implications for statistical assumptions. I conclude that researchers may find it more useful to critically investigate the plausibility of the statistical assumptions underlying analyses than to limit themselves to the set of analyses that Stevens believed to be admissible with data of a given level of measurement.
Incongruent odors suppress perceptual categorization of visual objects: Behavioral and ERP evidence
Authors: Hörberg Thomas , Larsson Maria , Ekström Ingrid , Sandöy Camilla , Olofsson Jonas
Published: May 2019

Visual stimuli often dominate non-visual stimuli during multisensory perception, and evidence suggests higher cognitive processes prioritize visual over non-visual stimuli during divided attention. Visual stimuli may therefore have privileged access to higher mental processing resources, relative to other senses, and should be disproportionally distracting when processing incongruent cross-sensory stimuli. We tested this assumption by comparing visual processing with olfaction, a “primitive” sensory channel that detects potentially hazardous chemicals by alerting attention. Behavioral and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were assessed in a bimodal object categorization task with congruent or incongruent odor-picture pairings and a delayed auditory response target. For congruent pairings, accuracy was higher for visual compared to olfactory decisions. However, for incongruent pairings, reaction times (RTs) were faster for olfactory decisions, suggesting incongruent odors interfered more with visual decisions, thereby showing an “olfactory dominance effect”. Categorization of incongruent pairings engendered a late “slow wave” ERP effect. Importantly, this effect had a later amplitude peak and longer latency during visual decisions, likely reflecting additional categorization effort for visual stimuli. In sum, contrary to what might be inferred from theories of ”visual dominance”, incongruent odors may in fact uniquely attract mental processing resources during perceptual incongruence.
A Reproduction of the Results of Onyike et al. (2003).
Authors: Brown Nicholas John Laird , van Rongen Jan , Van de Velde Jakob , Williams Matt N
Published: May 2019

Onyike et al. (2003) analyzed data from a large-scale US-American data set, the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III), and reported an association between obesity and major depression, especially among people with severe obesity. Here, we report the results of a detailed replication of Onyike et al.’s analyses. While we were able to reproduce the majority of these authors’ descriptive statistics, this took a substantial amount of time and effort, and we found several minor errors in the univariate descriptive statistics reported in their Tables 1 and 2. We were able to reproduce most of Onyike et al.’s bivariate findings regarding the relationship between obesity and depression (Tables 3 and 4), albeit with some small discrepancies (e.g., with respect to the magnitudes of standard errors). On the other hand, we were unable to reproduce Table 5, containing Onyike et al.’s findings with respect to the relationship between obesity and depression when controlling for plausible confounding variables—arguably the paper’s most important results—because some of the included predictor variables appear to be either unavailable, or not coded in the way reported by Onyike et al., in the public NHANES-III data sets. We discuss the implications of our findings for the transparency of reporting and the reproducibility of published results.
Bibliometric analysis of publications from post-Soviet countries in psychological journals in 1992–2017
Authors: Lovakov Andrey , Agadullina Elena
Published: May 2019

For several decades the Soviet academic psychology community was isolated from the West, yet after the collapse of the Soviet Union each of the 15 countries went their own way in economic, social, and scientific development. The paper analyses publications from post-Soviet countries in psychological journals in 1992–2017, i.e. 26 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Over the period in question, 15 post-Soviet countries had published 4986 papers in psychology, accounting for less than one percent of the world output in psychological journals. However, the growth of post-Soviet countries’ output in psychological journals, especially that of Russia and Estonia, is observed during this period. Over time, post-Soviet authors began to write more papers in international teams, constantly increasing the proportion of papers in which they are leaders and main contributors. Their papers are still underrepresented in the best journals as well as among the most cited papers in the field and are also cited lower than the world average. However, the impact of psychological papers from post-Soviet countries increases with time. There is a huge diversity between 15 post-Soviet countries in terms of contribution, autonomy, and impact. Regarding the number of papers in psychological journals, the leading nations are Russia, Estonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, and Georgia. Estonia is the leader in autonomy in publishing papers in psychological journals among post-Soviet countries. Papers from Estonia and Georgia are cited higher than the world average, whereas papers from Russia and Ukraine are cited below the world average. Estonia and Georgia also boast a high number of Highly cited papers.
Fraud and Misconduct in Research: Detection, Investigation, and Organizational Response. By Nachman Ben-Yehuda and Amalya Oliver-Lumerman.
Authors: Reinhart Martin
Published: May 2019

The fascination for scientific misconduct is as old as science itself, however, the sociology of science has only scratched the surface of the phenomenon.
The Work–Family Interface of Service Sector Workers. A Comparison of Work Resources and Professional Status across Five European Countries
Authors: Beham Barbara , Drobnič Sonja , Präg Patrick
Published: May 2019

The present paper examines cross-national differences in the use of work–family resources at the organizational level and the relationships between these resources and work-to-home interference (WHI) and satisfaction with work–family balance (SWFB) among professional and non-professional service sector employees in five Western European countries. Further, it explores cross-national variations in the gap between professionals and non-professionals with respect to both outcome variables. Professional service sector employees were consistently found to experience higher levels of WHI and lower levels of SWFB. The use of organizational work–family resources differed across welfare state regimes and levels of national gender equality. It was highest in Sweden and The Netherlands and lowest in Portugal. A family-supportive supervisor and a family-supportive organizational culture differentially affected WHI of professional and non-professional workers, with a family-supportive supervisor being more beneficial to non-professionals and a family-supportive organizational culture being more beneficial to professional employees. Finally, the gap between professionals and non-professionals was also found to vary across countries for WHI but not for SWFB. It was significantly larger in the United Kingdom and in Sweden than in the other three countries.
Short run effects of carbon policy on U.S. electricity markets
Authors: Dahlke Steven
Published: May 2019

This paper presents estimates of short run impacts of a carbon price on the electricity industry using a cost-minimizing mathematical model of the U.S. market. Prices of 25 and 50 dollars per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions cause electricity emissions reductions of 17% and 22% from present levels, respectively. This suggests significant electricity sector emissions reductions can be achieved quickly from a modest carbon tax. Short run effects refer to operational changes at existing U.S. power plants, mostly by switching production from coal plants to natural gas plants. The results do not include long run emissions reductions related to 1) new investments and retirements of electricity production assets, and 2) demand response as regulated electricity suppliers pass cost changes to retail customers. A state-level analysis of the results leads to the following conclusions: 1) most emissions reductions come from high coal-consuming states in the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest regions, 2) fifteen states increase emissions because their natural gas consumption offsets coal consumption in neighboring states, and 3) a flat per-capita rebate of tax revenue leads to wealth transfers across states.
Serum Reproductive hormone levels in male symptomatic HIV/AIDS patients on Antiretroviral therapy negative to Malaria parasite in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezeugwunne Priscilla Ifeoma , Ogbodo Chukwuemeka Emmanuel , Analike Adamma Rosemary , Obi-Ezeani Nwando Chikaodili , Onuora Joy Ifeoma , Oguaka Nwabunwanne Victor , Amah Kalu Ubou , Ugwu Chukwuemeka Michael , Onyenekwe Chinedum Charles , Ahaneku Eberendu Joseph
Published: May 2019

Background: AIDS is an endemic disease that causes death among young adults worldwide especially in Nigeria.
Aims and Objectives: This study investigated the serum reproductive hormone levels in symptomatic HIV/AIDS male subjects on ART who are negative to malaria parasite in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A total of 274 adult male participants aged between 18 and 60 years were randomly recruited, and grouped into: symptomatic HIV (stage 11) infected male participants on ART (A: n=69), Symptomatic HIV subjects not on ART (B: n= 69), Asymptomatic HIV positive subjects (C: n= 68) and HIV seronegative subjects (D: n= 68). Serum was used to assay for PSA, LH, FSH, Estrogen, Testosterone, Progesterone and Prolactin levels. Analysis of variance and student t-test were used for data analyses.
Results: The serum levels of PSA, FSH, Estrogen, Testosterone, Progesterone and Prolactin were significantly different amongst the groups at p<0.05 respectively. There were significantly higher levels of PSA, Estrogen, Progesterone but lower levels of Testosterone and Prolactin in subjects on ART compared with control at p<0.05 respectively. There were significantly higher levels of PSA, FSH, Estrogen,Progesterone but lower levels of Testosterone in subjects not on ART compared with control at p<0.05 respectively.
Conclusion: The reduction on serum levels of Testosterone and higher levels in FSH, PSA, Estrogen, and Progesterone may reveal presence of hypogonadism, primary testicular failure, prostate abnormalities such as cancer and hyperprogesteronaemia, in symptomatic HIV positives.
Comparative analysis on association of fasting and postprandial dyslipidemia with risk of atherosclerosis in early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Jha Puja Kumari , Ahmed Rafat Sultana , Agarawal Rachna
Published: May 2019

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have higher cardiovascular risk due todyslipidemia, inflammation etc. The serum lipid levels obtained after 12 hour fasting will not truly reflect atherosclerotic risk associated as non fasting state predominates in routine life.
Aim and Objectives: We investigated the frequency of dyslipidemia in early RA cases and healthy controls in both fasting and postprandial state and analyzed the impact of postprandial lipid profile over fasting lipid levels in prediction of atherosclerotic risk.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted at UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi. 127 RA cases diagnosed according to revised ACR, 2010 with age and sex matched 127 controls were recruited. Lipid profile parameters were analyzed by commercial kits on auto analyzer. RF, anti-CCP, TNF-α and CRP were measured by ELISA. For statistical analysis unpaired t test and Pearson’s correlation was used.
Result: The mean disease duration was 7± 2.16 months. There were significant increased levels of TC, LDL-C, and TAG with reduced serum HDL-C in RA cases. Atherogenic ratio of TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly high in RA. Postprandial lipid analysis revealed significant difference for TAG and HDL-C in RA cases. TAG had a significantly positive correlation with TNF-α (r=0.234) which improved in postprandial state(r=0.559). Significantly negative correlation of HDL-C with ESR (r=-0.221) also improved (r=-0.421) postprandially.
Conclusions: Atherogenic dyslipidemia was a significant finding in patients of early RA. Dyslipidemia screening can be recommended in postprandial state.
The Current Status of Physicochemical Parameters and Water Quality of Sundarijal Reservoir
Authors: Dhungana Ram Prasad
Published: May 2019

Physico-chemical parameters and bacteriological characteristics of water were studied in sample collected from Sundarijal reservoir in January 2018. The present sanitary condition and human activities near the water bodies were also observed. It has been found that the physico-chemical characters were within the standard of World Health Organization (WHO) and National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS) for drinking water though the public awareness and proper management of watershed and reservoir premises were lacking. However, the coliform bacteria were high and water was not safe to consume without intense treatments with disinfectants.
Articles and Authors Index for Exchanges
Authors: Johnson Gareth J
Published: May 2019

This article provides a practical guide to the scholarly work and authorial contributors to the Exchanges journal since its inception. It incorporates two forms of index. Firstly a volume by volume listing of articles, authors, subjects and links. Secondly, an author index, providing information on the issues to which each has contributed.
Mourning in the Age of Terror: Revisiting Don DeLillo’s Elusive 9/11 NovelFalling Man
Authors: Ally Hamza Karam
Published: May 2019

This article revisits Don DeLillo’s 2007 novel Falling Man—generally considered a minor work in the author’s oeuvre—in the wider contexts of the American novel after 11 September, contemporary discourses around terrorism, the “War on Terror,” and recent currents of global ethnonationalism. It is organized around an iconic photograph in modern American history, one of an anonymous man falling from the North Tower of the World Trade Center shortly before its collapse, as well as around DeLillo’s difficult novel named after this same photo. These works are primarily interpreted herein through Emmanuel Levinas’s analysis of images as symbolic substitutions and Sigmund Freud’s “Mourning and Melancholia,” which I use to ask critical questions about Falling Man’s expression of the societal shock represented by 9/11 and of private and public mourning in response to terrorism, as well as about what it means to be unable to mourn altogether.
Cáncer de mama en mujeres pre y perimenopáusicas
Authors: Coto Chaves Catalina , Jiménez Víquez Mauricio , Naranjo Alfaro Stephanie
Published: May 2019

El cáncer de mama es una patología que, aunque tiene mayor incidencia en mujeres mayores, se ha visto en incremento en féminas pre y perimenopáusicas. Siendo el cáncer de mayor diagnóstico y muerte en mujeres. Su etiología no es completamente conocida, no obstante en este artículo revisamos los factores de riesgo más importantes, así como la importancia del examen físico, imágenes complementarias y biopsia para la detección y diagnóstico. También los diferentes tratamientos que se individualizan de acuerdo al paciente.
The epidemiological profile of knee injury pattern among different divisional football players
Authors: KHAN Atiqur Rahman , KHAN Mohammad Jobair , HAWLADER Mohammad Delwer Hossain
Published: May 2019

The complete scenario of number and factors of knee injuries among the male footballers is intangible; therefore, it would seem essential to compute the injuries in relation to field condition and to show the nature and type of injuries including the possible risk factors. In a total of 200 of 215 soccer athletes playing at least one year professionally were randomized with the age range 14 - 40 years recruited from different divisional clubs. All information collected through questionnaires from five football clubs who were participating in the tournament from March 2011 to February 2012.   In total, from 200 players, 116 of them suffered soft tissue injuries (29 per 100 players) in the knee on average 27 years of age. A higher percentage of injury explored in midfielder 35.5%, and the ligament was the most common 63.8% soft tissue injury. 59% participant noted about lack of a particular exercise regimen for the knee. Poor ground condition significantly associated with the injury (x2= 6.7503, p= 0.034). There was a significant association (OR= 2.745, x2= 11.1048, p= 0.0010) between performing particular exercise (41%) and non-performing (59%); and knee injuries. Most injuries were characteristically mild (58.6%). Majority of injuries occurred in contact (74.1%), during games (44%). The significant relationship found between warm up and knee injury (OR= 2.110, x2= 5.8808, p= 0.0107). Physiotherapy treatment 39.6% was the second choice of management. Our findings revealed that midfielders suffered a greater percentage of knee injuries compared to other positions, with injuries being more predominant during match play.
AĞRI İLİNİN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİ NÜFUS SEYRİ (1923-2018)
Authors: ÖZDOĞAN İsmail
Published: May 2019

Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin Yukarı Murat-Van Bölümü’nde
yer alan Ağrı İli’nin Cumhuriyet dönemine ait (1927-2018) nüfus değişimini
ortaya koymak bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmuştur. Ağrı İli nüfusu Cumhuriyet
öncesi ve Cumhuriyet döneminde sürekli bir değişim içerisinde olmuştur. Araştırmada
1927-2018 yılları arasındaki dönemsel sayım sonuçlarından faydalanılmıştır.
Sayım sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi ile elde edilen veriler tablo ve grafikler
haline dönüştürülmüştür. Grafik ve tablolardan yararlanılarak sayım
dönemlerindeki nüfus seyri hakkında fikir yürütülmesine çalışılmış ve dönemsel
değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Ağrı İli nüfus seyri 1927-2018 sayım
dönemlerine göre değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. 2011 yılına kadar ilin nüfusu
sürekli artmasına rağmen 2011 yılından sonra azalmaya başlamıştır. Ancak
Türkiye’nin 1927-2018 yılları arasındaki nüfusuna bakıldığında sürekli arttığı
görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak Ağrı ilinde nüfus, geçmiş 91 yılda 5 kattan daha
fazla artarak 103.562 kişiden 539.657 kişiye yükselmiştir. Erkek nüfus oranı
kadın nüfus oranından fazla olmuştur. Kentsel nüfus oranı 2010 yılından sonra kırsal
nüfus oranını geçmiştir.
The Love of Suffering in “Зеркало (Zerkalo)” by Andrei Tarkovsky
Authors: Budiana Kirana Chandra Mumpuni , Kaprisma Hendra , Limbong Banggas
Published: May 2019

Topik yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah kecintaan pada penderitaan dalam film “Зеркало (Zerkalo)” ‘Cermin’ karya Andrei Tarkovsky. Penelitian ini dibuat bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi makna penderitaan yang ditampilkan melalui tokoh Maria dan latar tempat yang terdapat dalam film. Teori utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori semiotik Roland Barthes, denotasi dan konotasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekspositori, deskriptif, dan kritik. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini, pertama, tokoh Maria dalam film “Зеркало (Zerkalo)” merupakan tokoh yang masokis. Cara tokoh Maria menghadapi penderitaan dimaknai sebagai suatu bentuk страдание (stradanie) ‘penderitaan’ yang harus dinikmati. Kecintaan terhadap penderitaan tersebut terkait dengan konsep смирение (smirene) ‘kerendahan hati’ dan судьба (sud’ba) ‘takdir’ yang menjadi karakteristik masokisme di Rusia. Kedua, latar tempat dalam film ini digambarkan dengan indah seakan-akan penderitaan seharusnya dimuliakan. The topic discussed in this research is the love of suffering in “Зеркало (Zerkalo)” ‘Mirror’ by Andrei Tarkovskiy. This paper is intended to identify the meaning of suffering that is displayed through the character of Maria and background of the place in film. The main theory used in this research is Roland Barthes's semiotic theory, denotation and connotation. The methods that being used in this research are expository, descriptive, and criticism. The result of this research, firstly, the character of Maria in “Зеркало (Zerkalo)” is a masochist figure. The way the Maria confronts suffering is interpreted as a form of страдание (stradanie) 'suffering' that must be enjoyed. The love of suffering is related to the concept of смирение (smirene) 'humility' and судьба (sud'ba) 'destiny' which characterizes masochism in Russia. Secondly, the background of place in this film is illustrated beautifully as if suffering should be glorified.
Apport de l’EMDR dans la pratique du psychologue à l’hôpital auprès de patients en situation palliative
Authors: Mélin M. , Boussard V. , Stadelmaier N.
Published: May 2019

L’EMDR (désensibilisation et retraitement par les mouvements oculaires) est une approche psychothérapeutique recommandée et validée par les grandes institutions de santé dans le monde, pour traiter les troubles de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). Auprès de patients gravement malades, l’approche EMDR permet de soulager les symptômes tels que l’anxiété en lien avec les traitements et les soins. Nous présenterons à travers des cas cliniques un retour d’expérience d’utilisation de cette approche auprès de patients en situation palliative.
DEVELOPING ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS FLIPBOOK USING FLIPBUILDER
Authors: Hidayatulloh Mukhlis , Wiryokusumo Iskandar , Adi Walujo Djoko
Published: May 2019

The students learning outcome in electrical circuits topic are not satisfied. Then, researchers developed an interesting ebook using Flipbuilder that integrated with PhET Simulation software, called electric circuit flipbook. The objectives of this study are: (1) Describing the validity of flipbook based on three lecturers and three teachers; (2) Describing the practicality of flipbook from students respons questionnaire; and (3) Describing the effectiveness of the Electric Circuit Flipbook based on the improvement of student learning outcomes. The development of Electric Circuit Flipbook used ADDIE model. The instruments used are: material, media, and language validation sheet; questionnaire of student responses; and learning outcomes test. The results showed that: (1) The validity of the Electric Circuit Flipbook is very feasible; (2) The practicality of the flipbook is in very practical category; and (3) Flipbook effectiveness is in very effective category. Flipbook electrical circuits developed is eligible to use as a learning medium
Sustainable Practices in the Supply Chain under the UN Global Compact perspective
Authors: Da Silva Bárbara Modesto , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo , Georges Marcos Ricardo Rosa
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this paper is to identify and anlyze the practices found in the supply chain in order to verify how the sustainable supply chains follow the guidelines proposed by the UN Global Compact. Using a systematic review of the literature, based on the Elsevier-Scopus database and a time-cut from 2013 to 2018, sustainable supply chain practices were analyzed under the UN Global Compact perspective. With the aim of analyzing researches from national and international publications, the following keywords were used: sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) and green supply chain management (GSCM). National and international papers were considered for this study within the period from 2013 to 2018. This time cut was essential because of the need to focus attention on recent and current publications. The practices were stratified according to the four pillars that underpin the ten principles of the UN Global Compact. We can observe significant results with respect to the Environment (72%), followed by Labor (15%), Human Rights (9%) and Anti-Corruption (3%) and their corresponding quantities.
Study on China’s Investment In Central Asia
Authors: Sanjar Tulkinov , Diping Zhang , Hu Junjuan
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the current topic of today - politics and the economy of China with the countries of Central Asia. The paper poses the problems of China’s interests in Central Asia, as well as the prospects for cooperation between these countries. China's role in development of the modern economy is steadily increasing, and therefore the vector investment cooperation with this country is one of fundamental for the countries of Central Asia, which, in addition, are neighbors of China. For China, which has a very limited stock of natural resources, countries rich in oil, gas, and other resources become of strategic importance. The purpose of the study is to identify the results of a comparative analysis of the main interests of the PRC in the Central Asian region, namely in Kazakhstan and to determine the effect of three economic data on Chinese direct investment. To achieve this goal, the ''Kao Residual Cointegration Test'' and the “Pooled Least Squares" method were used. The research work is using the EViews software and the Pool Least Squares method. The main results were identified and shown in schematic form. The interests and volume of investments of the People’s Republic of China in Central Asia were identified in this area. The article has practical value and can be offered for reading to a different target audience.
review of urbanisation and transport challenges in developing countries
Authors: Aluko Oluwakemi
Published: May 2019

This paper provides a review of the challenge of urbanisation and urban transport from a planner's perspective. Following the establishment of the relationship between urban structure and transportation, it goes ahead to describe urbanisation and how its rate varies from developed countries to developing one. It also presents urbanisation as a challenge planners are having difficulty with combating. It then identifies transport planning as an important component of urban planning, points out some of the challenges of transport planning, and describes why some approaches were unsuccessful. Finally, some promising planning options are described. It concludes that while the uptake of these promising options is slow, they have the potential to resolve development problems in cities facing urbanisation challenge.
Systematic review of the epidemiology of oral cancer in Brazil
Authors: Paraguassu Eber Coelho , Ramos Paulo Fabricio , Oliveira Luciana Butini , Gentil Lauane Monteiro , Santos Alan Mesquita , Da Silva Sandro Rogério Mendes
Published: May 2019

Considering the role of epidemiological information in planning and effective interventions, the purpose of this study was to systematically review the epidemiology of squamous cell carcinoma in Brazil. We searched the PubMed, LILACS, BBO and Cochrane databases using keywords "oral squamous cell carcinoma", "oral squamous cell carcinoma", "oral squamous cell carcinoma" and their equivalents in English and Spanish, in combination with epidemiology, prevalence, frequency, and Brazil by 2018, excluding studies that did not address the epidemiology of this neoplasm or those conducted in other countries. The mean age of the patients was 56.6 years, with a higher prevalence in males 3.29: 1, mainly located in tongue, 42% and mouth floor 22%. Associated risk factors are tobacco (72.85%) and alcohol (66.65%). It was observed that 47% of patients present with regional metastases at the time of cancer discovery. According to the observed observational studies it can be concluded that the epidemiological data of Brazil are high in comparison to other countries, especially the number of metastases, indicating the late diagnosis of the disease
ATIVIDADE LÚDICA: UM DESAFIO PARA O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA NO CONTEÚDO DE FUNÇÃO INORGÂNICA (ÁCIDOS)
Authors: Nascimento Ayrton Matheus da Silva , Silva Danielly Francielly dos Santos , Medeiros Gabriela Rejane Silva de , Araújo Natália Kelly da Silva
Published: May 2019

Utilizar jogos didáticos nas aulas de ciência da natureza é uma vivência desafiadora, especificamente para a disciplina de Química, pois é necessário criar uma sinapse entre o lúdico e a teoria, inserindo simbologia, imagens, nomenclaturas, fórmulas e palavras-chaves para interligar os tópicos conceituais. Esta pesquisa mostra a elaboração até a experiência de um jogo didático, chamado “A Procura do Ácido” utilizando como metodologia o CEK (Ciclo da Experiência Kellyana) proposto por George Kelly (1963). Este jogo é direcionado para os estudantes do Ensino Fundamental II (9º Ano) e/ou do Ensino Médio, no conteúdo de Funções Inorgânicas priorizando a função “ácidos”, onde tem o intuito de identificar (i) o número de hidrogênios ionizáveis, (ii) número de elementos, (iii) presença de oxigênio, (iv) força dos ácidos e (v) nomear o ácido. Este objeto de ensino foi idealizado pelo Instituto Internacional Despertando Vocações (IIDV) ligado ao Programa Internacional Despertando Vocações para Licenciaturas (PDVL) articulado ao Grupo de Trabalho (GT) de Jogos Didáticos no Ensino de Química, e a experiência foi realizada numa turma de 9º ano do ensino fundamental II do Colégio Projeção, na qual é parceira do programa, na cidade Vitória de Santo Antão – Pernambuco. Desse modo, utilizamos como estrutura metodológica o ciclo da experiência Kellyana (CEK) o qual é embasado pela Teoria dos Construtos Pessoais de George Kelly (1963). Assim sendo, foi aplicado a atividade lúdica com os estudantes e aplicados questionários sobre a vivência do Ciclo da Experiência. Os dados obtidos foram alcançados empregando o CEK, na qual discerni na primeira etapa alguns erros de conceitos referentes as classificações e nomenclaturas dos ácidos, na explanação do conteúdo (segunda etapa) foi elencados alguns ácidos para identificação e nomeação, na terceira etapa na vivência da atividade lúdica foram bastantes oportuno, pois identificamos algumas características lúdicas, já na quarta etapa (confirmação ou desconfirmação) foram ápices de acertos e erros onde foram inseridos alguns ácidos para os estudantes responderem e perceberem que a vivência com o lúdico oportunizou a aprender e compreender os conceitos químicos, e foi notório que 93% dos alunos responderam os exemplos, e por fim, teve o momento de reflexões onde podemos perceber que os estudantes gostaram do momento lúdico, e que a apropriação do conceito básico foram reavaliados e afirmados, com o intuito de solidificar as ideias adquiridas na intervenção.
USO DE TECNOLOGIA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO (TIC’s) NAS AULAS DE QUÍMICA NO CONTEÚDO DE ISOMERIA GEOMÉTRICA (ESTEREOISOMERIA)
Authors: Nascimento Ayrton Matheus da Silva , Araújo Natália Kelly da Silva , Lima Jaqueline Costa da Silva , Neri Patrícia Hander de Lucena
Published: May 2019

A utilização de aplicativo (APP) no ensino de química é um desafio, pois necessita de diversos aparatos tecnológicos e didáticos, como um dispositivo móvel, smartphone, assim impulsiona mudanças na forma como os sujeitos se relacionam com a informação e produzem o conhecimento. O uso do TIC’s como recurso no processo de educação, deve servir de inovação pedagógica, porém para que isso ocorra, é fundamental que o professor tenha conhecimento sobre as possibilidades do recurso tecnológico, para utilizá-lo como instrumento de aprendizagem. Esta pesquisa apresenta uma experiência com APP, intitulado “Isomère Z/E” utilizando como aparato metodológico o CEK apoiado George Kelly (1963). Este APP é direcionado para alunos do Ensino Médio (3º Ano), na temática de Isomeria Geométrica ou Estereoisomeria, tratando sobre os tipos de isomeria (cis ou trans) e (E ou Z), onde deve identificar e nomear as estruturas carbônicas. Esta ferramenta tecnológico encontra-se no Playstore na interface de M. Chardine (2014), esta experiência foi realizada numa turma de 3º ano do Ensino Médio, na qual é parceira do programa, na cidade de Recife – PE. Os resultados atingidos foram empregado com o CEK, na qual distingui na antecipação alguns erros conceituais sobre as classificações das isomeria geométrica como (cis ou trans) e (E ou Z), já no investimento a explicação do conteúdo cogitado em cima dos números de dificuldades, no foi necessário ser direcionado pelas regras do uso do APP,  na confirmação ou desconfirmação e pode-se percebe que a quantidade de erros é equivalente a 16%, onde houve uma redução de 52%, e os de erros chegou a 84%, mostrando-se assim que o uso de recurso didático em sala de aula, contribui para o processo de formação e construção dos conceitos químicos, e na revisão construtiva foi concentrizado uma conversa sobre a utilização de tecnologias no ensino de química, os benefícios e os malefícios do seu uso, e foi perceptível que o uso de tecnologia na temática estereoisomeria facilitou a compreensão dos conceitos químicos.
ROLETA DO NOX: UMA ATIVIDADE LÚDICA EM QUÍMICA NO CONTEÚDO DE NÚMERO DE OXIDAÇÃO
Authors: Araújo Natália Kelly da Silva , Miranda Francisca Maria da Silva , Medeiros Gabriela Rejane Silva de , Silva Danielly Francielly dos Santos , Nascimento Ayrton Matheus da Silva
Published: May 2019

O emprego de jogos didáticos nas aulas de Química é um desafio para todo o professor desta área do conhecimento, pois visa uma ponte entre o lúdico e a teoria, facilitando e criando um ambiente favorável ao conhecimento. Assim, foi criado o jogo “Roleta do NOX”, onde tem um objetivo de identificar o Número de Oxidação (NOX) de cada elemento químico, ou seja, substâncias simples e compostos de maneira que os discentes compreendam esta temática de forma lúdica. Utilizamos como orientação para construção deste jogo os estudos de Fonseca (2016). Esta pesquisa mostra a preparação até a experiência de um jogo didático, intitulado “Roleta do NOX” utilizando como metodologia o CEK (Ciclo da Experiência Kellyana) proposto por George Kelly (1963). Este jogo é direcionado para os estudantes do Ensino Médio, no conteúdo de Número de Oxidação. Este recurso didático foi criado Instituto Internacional Despertando Vocações (IIDV) ligado ao Programa Internacional Despertando Vocações para Licenciaturas (PDVL) articulado ao Grupo de Trabalho (GT) de Jogos Didáticos no Ensino de Química, e a vivência foi realizada numa turma de 2º ano do Ensino Médio, na qual é parceira do programa, na cidade de Recife – Pernambuco. Dessa forma, foi usado como estrutura metodológica o ciclo da experiência Kellyana (CEK) o qual é embasado pela Teoria dos Construtos Pessoais de George Kelly (1963). Nesta vivência foi inegável que cerca 82% dos alunos acertaram as perguntas referente ao NOX. A partir dos resultados deste trabalho, pode-se ressaltar que os estudantes têm a oportunidade de participar ativamente de toda a atividade, fazendo uso de seus conhecimentos prévios, realizando reflexões e discussões com os colegas e o professor favorecendo a interação aluno-aluno e aluno-professor.
Radiographic outcomes of endoscopic decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Khalsa Siri Sahib , Kim Hyeun Sung , Singh Ravindra , Kashlan Osama Nezar
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

Lumbar central stenosis can theoretically be decompressed with minimal bone removal via an endoscopic approach. Although multiple studies have demonstrated an adequate radiographic decompression, none has quantified the volume of bone removal after endoscopic decompression. The objective of this study was to quantify the 3D volume of bone removed from the lamina and facet joints during endoscopic decompression for lumbar central and lateral recess stenosis.

METHODS

This retrospective study included adults with lumbar spinal stenosis who underwent endoscopic decompression of a single level or 2 noncontiguous lumbar levels. Central stenosis on MRI was graded preoperatively and postoperatively using the Schizas scale. A computer program was developed in MATLAB to semiautomatically perform a 3D volumetric analysis of preoperative and postoperative lumbar CT scans. The volumetric percentage of bone removed from the lamina and facet joints ipsilateral and contralateral to the side of approach was quantified.

RESULTS

Nineteen patients with 21 treated lumbar levels were included in the study. Preoperatively, the number of levels with Schizas stenosis grades B, C, and D were 5, 12, and 4, respectively. Stenosis grades improved postoperatively to grades A, B, C, and D for 17, 3, 1, and 0 levels, respectively. All levels improved by at least 1 stenosis grade. The volumetric percentage of laminar bone removed was 15.5% (95% CI 11.2%–19.8%, p < 0.001) from the ipsilateral lamina and 8.8% (95% CI 5.7%–11.8%, p < 0.001) from the contralateral lamina. The percentage of facet joint resection was 5.3% (95% CI 4.2%–6.4%, p < 0.001) and 4.3% (95% CI 2.2%–6.4%, p < 0.001) for the ipsilateral and contralateral facet joints, respectively. Average pain scores, as measured by the visual analog scale, improved from 7.9 preoperatively to 2.2 by 3–10 months postoperatively (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Endoscopic lumbar decompression achieves improvement in the radiographic grade of lumbar central stenosis with minimal bone removal from the lamina and facet joints. Future prospective studies are needed to validate the findings of this study with more comprehensive clinical outcomes.
Long-term clinical outcomes after bilateral laminotomy or total laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a single-institution experience
Authors: Pietrantonio Andrea , Trungu Sokol , Famà Isabella , Forcato Stefano , Miscusi Massimo , Raco Antonino
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is the most common spinal disease in the geriatric population, and is characterized by a compression of the lumbosacral neural roots from a narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal. LSS can result in symptomatic compression of the neural elements, requiring surgical treatment if conservative management fails. Different surgical techniques with or without fusion are currently treatment options. The purpose of this study was to provide a description of the long-term clinical outcomes of patients who underwent bilateral laminotomy compared with total laminectomy for LSS.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed all the patients treated surgically by the senior author for LSS with total laminectomy and bilateral laminotomy with a minimum of 10 years of follow-up. Patients were divided into 2 treatment groups (total laminectomy, group 1; and bilateral laminotomy, group 2) according to the type of surgical decompression. Clinical outcomes measures included the visual analog scale (VAS), the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). In addition, surgical parameters, reoperation rate, and complications were evaluated in both groups.

RESULTS

Two hundred fourteen patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria (105 and 109 patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively). The mean age at surgery was 69.5 years (range 58–77 years). Comparing pre- and postoperative values, both groups showed improvement in ODI and SF-36 scores; at final follow-up, a slightly better improvement was noted in the laminotomy group (mean ODI value 22.8, mean SF-36 value 70.2), considering the worse preoperative scores in this group (mean ODI value 70, mean SF-36 value 38.4) with respect to the laminectomy group (mean ODI 68.7 vs mean SF-36 value 36.3), but there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. Significantly, in group 2 there was a lower incidence of reoperations (15.2% vs 3.7%, p = 0.0075).

CONCLUSIONS

Bilateral laminotomy allows adequate and safe decompression of the spinal canal in patients with LSS; this technique ensures a significant improvement in patients’ symptoms, disability, and quality of life. Clinical outcomes are similar in both groups, but a lower incidence of complications and iatrogenic instability has been shown in the long term in the bilateral laminotomy group.
Comparison of full-endoscopic and minimally invasive decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis in the setting of degenerative scoliosis and spondylolisthesis
Authors: Hasan Saqib , McGrath Lynn B. , Sen Rajeev D. , Barber Jason K. , Hofstetter Christoph P.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

The management of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with concurrent scoliosis and/or spondylolisthesis remains controversial. Full-endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (ULBD) facilitates neural decompression while preserving stabilizing osseoligamentous structures and may be uniquely suited for the treatment of LSS with concurrent mild to moderate degenerative deformity. The safety and efficacy of full-endoscopic versus minimally invasive surgery (MIS) ULBD in this patient population is studied here for the first time.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was conducted on 45 consecutive LSS patients with concurrent scoliosis (≥ 10° coronal Cobb angle) and/or spondylolisthesis (≥ 3 mm). Patient demographics, operative details, complications, and imaging characteristics were reviewed. Outcomes were quantified using back and leg visual analog scale (VAS) scores and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year.

RESULTS

A total of 26 patients underwent full-endoscopic and 19 underwent MIS-ULBD with an average follow-up period of 12 months. The endoscopic cohort experienced a significantly shorter hospital length of stay (p = 0.014) and fewer adverse events (p = 0.010). Both cohorts experienced significant improvements in VAS and ODI scores at all time points (p < 0.001), but the endoscopic cohort demonstrated significantly better early ODI scores (p = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS

Endoscopic and MIS-ULBD result in similar functional outcomes for LSS with mild to moderate deformity, while the endoscopic approach demonstrates a favorable rate of complications. Further studies are required to better delineate the characteristics of spinal deformities amenable to this approach and the durability of functional results.
Comparative analysis of three types of minimally invasive decompressive surgery for lumbar central stenosis: biportal endoscopy, uniportal endoscopy, and microsurgery
Authors: Heo Dong Hwa , Lee Dong Chan , Park Choon Keun
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

Recently, minimally invasive unilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression (ULBD) has been performed for lumbar stenosis using endoscopic approaches. The object of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of three types of minimally invasive decompressive surgery: microsurgery, percutaneous uniportal endoscopic surgery, and percutaneous biportal endoscopic surgery.

METHODS

In the period from March 2016 to December 2017, minimally invasive ULBD was performed using microscopy, a uniportal endoscopic approach, or a biportal endoscopic approach to treat lumbar canal stenosis. Patients were classified into three groups based on the surgery they had undergone. The angle of medial facetectomy area and postoperative dural expansion were measured using MR images. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for leg and back pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), operation time, and complications were assessed. Clinical and radiological parameters were compared among the three groups.

RESULTS

There were 33 patients in the microscopy group, 37 in the biportal endoscopy group, and 27 in the uniportal endoscopy group. Preoperatively stenotic dural areas were significantly expanded in each of the three groups after surgery (p < 0.05). Mean dural expansion in the uniportal endoscopy group was significantly lower than that in the microscopy or biportal endoscopy group (p < 0.05). The mean angle of the facetectomy in the biportal endoscopic group was significantly lower than that in the microscopic group or uniportal endoscopic group (p < 0.05). On the 1st day after surgery, the VAS score for back pain was significantly higher in the microscopic group than in the uniportal or biportal endoscopic group (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the VAS score for back pain, VAS score for leg pain, or ODI at the final follow-up among the three groups (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Although radiological results were different among the three groups of patients, postoperative clinical outcomes were significantly improved after each type of surgery. The percutaneous biportal or uniportal endoscopic approach offers the advantage of reduced immediate postoperative pain. A percutaneous uniportal or biportal endoscopic lumbar approach may be effective for the treatment of lumbar central stenosis and an alternative to conventional microsurgical decompression.
Effects of FABP7 on functional recovery after spinal cord injury in adult mice
Authors: Senbokuya Nobuo , Yoshioka Hideyuki , Yagi Takashi , Owada Yuji , Kinouchi Hiroyuki
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

Elucidating the mechanisms of neuronal injury is crucial for the development of spinal cord injury (SCI) treatments. Brain-type fatty acid–binding protein 7 (FABP7) is expressed in the adult rodent brain, especially in astrocytes, and has been reported to play a role in astrocyte function in various types of brain damage; however, its role after SCI has not been well studied. In this study, the authors evaluated the expression change of FABP7 after SCI using a mouse spinal cord compression model and observed the effect of FABP7 gene knockout on neuronal damage and functional recovery after SCI.

METHODS

Female FABP7 knockout (KO) mice with a C57BL/6 background and their respective wild-type littermates were subjected to SCI with a vascular clip. The expression of FABP7, neuronal injury, and functional recovery after SCI were analyzed in both groups of mice.

RESULTS

Western blot analysis revealed upregulation of FABP7 in the wild-type mice, which reached its peak 14 days after SCI, with a significant difference in comparison to the control mice. Immunohistochemistry also showed upregulation of FABP7 at the same time points, mainly in proliferative astrocytes. The number of surviving ventral neurons in the FABP7-KO mice at 28 days after SCI was significantly lower than that observed in the wild-type mice. In addition, motor functional recovery in the FABP7-KO mice was significantly worse than that of the wild-type mice.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study indicate that FABP7 could have a neuroprotective role that might be associated with modulation of astrocytes after SCI. FABP7 could potentially be a therapeutic target in the treatment of SCI.