bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disease Burden on Health Facilities in Governorates South of Karbala During the Arbaeenia Mass Gathering in Iraq in 2014: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hantoosh Hayder , Lami Faris , Saber Basel
Published: August 2019

Background

Millions of Iraqi pilgrims travel annually from the southern governorates to Karbala and pass through Thiqar, Muthana, and Diwania Governorates to join the Arbaeenia mass gathering event. During this event, participants are at high risk for diseases and death and stifle local health care resources. In addition, the mass gathering causes considerable burden on health facilities in the hosting localities.

Objective

This study aims to estimate the disease burden on health facilities caused by the pilgrims passing through Thiqar, Muthana, and Diwania Governorates en route to Karbala in Iraq.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted on all health facilities in three governorates (Thiqar, Muthana, and Diwania) situated along the southern way to Karbala from Basra. The study started on December 11, 2014, and ended on December 24, 2014. The morbidity and mortality were collected from surveillance logbooks and death registers. Drug purchase data were obtained from the personnel in charge of the pharmacies. The study period was divided into three phases on the basis of the timing of the mass gathering event: pre-event, the event, and postevent.

Results

There were 884,834 incidents reported during the study. The majority of incidents were reported during the event phase (95%) and were attended mostly at mobile clinics (77%). The average daily incidents during the pre-event, event, and postevent phases were 4300, 56,040, and 4548 incidents, respectively. Musculoskeletal disorders were the most common illness reported (55%). The average number of daily deaths was 43, 36, and 45 during the pre-event, event, and postevent, respectively, and these values did not differ significantly. Cardiovascular diseases (43.5%), injuries (29.8%), and respiratory illnesses (12%) were the leading causes of deaths. Approximately US $1.3 million was spent on drug purchases during this mass gathering in the three governorates.

Conclusions

The Arbaeenia mass gathering causes a tremendous disease and economic burden on governorates that pilgrims pass through to attend this mass gathering in Karbala. Although Iraq’s Ministry of Health is aware of the high burden of this mass gathering on the health facilities in these governorates, more work is needed to ensure quality services during the event.
Designing Online and Mobile Diabetes Education for Fathers of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Albanese-O'Neill Anastasia , Schatz Desmond A , Thomas Nicole , Bernhardt Jay M , Cook Christa L , Haller Michael J , Bernier Angelina V , Silverstein Janet H , Westen Sarah C , Elder Jennifer H
Published: August 2019

Background

Fathers make unique and central contributions to the health of their children. However, research in type 1 diabetes (T1D) education largely ignores the needs of fathers, including during the development of online and mobile educational materials.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to solicit and incorporate input from fathers of children with T1D into the design, content, and infrastructure of a suite of online diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) resources.

Methods

The study took part in three phases: (1) exploratory research, (2) website and subdomain development, and (3) evaluation. Fathers of children with T1D (n=30) completed surveys and semistructured qualitative interviews. Thematic content analysis was used to identify fathers’ content and design preferences. An online DSMES website (T1DToolkit.org) and a separate mobile subdomain targeting fathers (Mobile Diabetes Advice for Dads, or mDAD) were developed. A prototype of the site for fathers was evaluated by 33 additional father participants. End user feedback was elicited via survey.

Results

Participants in the exploratory phase were enthusiastic about the online diabetes resources. Preferences included high-quality design, availability via mobile phone and tablet, brief text content supplemented with multimedia and interactive features, reminders via text or email, endorsement by medical professionals, and links to scientific evidence. The mDAD subdomain received high usability and acceptability ratings, with 100% of participants very likely or likely to use the site again.

Conclusions

The development of eHealth educational platforms for fathers of children with T1D remains an unmet need in optimizing diabetes management. This study incorporated fathers’ feedback into the development of a suite of online diabetes education resources. The findings will serve as the basis for future research to assess the clinical efficacy of the website, its subdomain targeting fathers, and additional subdomains targeting unique populations.
MANNOSYLATED MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES ASSISTED ARTESUNATE DELIVERY FOR CEREBRAL MALARIA
Authors: Gulbake Anamika Sahu , Jain Aviral , Shilpi Satish , Kumar Pramod , GULBAKE ARVIND
Published: August 2019

Objective: The present investigation focused on the novel approach using artesunate (AS) loaded mannosylated conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (M-MWCNTs) for site-specific delivery to the brain in the treatment of cerebral malaria (CM).

Methods: The raw MWCNTs were purified by selective oxidation method and then exposed to sequential chemical functionalization according to the following steps: carboxylation, acylation, amine modification and finally, D-mannose conjugation. The AS was loaded via the equilibrium dialysis method in the molar ratio 1:3 of various functionalized sonicated MWCNTs. The functionalized MWCNTs were characterized for elemental analysis, FTIR, TEM, zeta potential and percentage drug entrapment efficiency. The in vitro drug release study was performed on AS conjugated purified MWCNTs (AS-P-MWCNT) and AS conjugated M-MWCNTs. Bio-distribution study was performed on albino rat for quantitative measurement of AS in different organs and blood.

Results: The TEM images of M-MWCNTs indicated their open tubular nature and AS-M-MWCNTs suggests the entrapment of AS. The percent drug entrapment of AS-M-MWCNT was found to be 80.29±3.4 %. In vitro AS release from AS-M-MWCNTs was found in a controlled manner at pH 7.4. The bio-distribution studies clearly indicate the superiority of the AS-M-MWCNTs, as compared to the plain drug towards increasing the accumulation of AS in brain.

Conclusion: The results suggest that AS-M-MWCNTs could be employed as an efficient nano-carrier for antimalarial therapy in cerebral malaria.
DESCRIPTION OF NOSELEAVES OF PHYLLOSTOMID BATS USING FOURIER ANALYSIS
Authors: Arita W. Héctor T.
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT. The outline shape of noseleaves of Phyllostomid bats is described using Fourier analysis. Line drawings of the noseleaves of nine phyllostomines, seven stenodermatines, and one carolliinae were used to calculate the parameters of a simplified Fourier equation fitted using a multiple-regression model. The outline of noseleaves can be reconstructed by plotting the corresponding Fourier equations. Noseleaves of phyllostomines and stenodermatines were compared using the coefficients of the Fourier equations and no significant difference was detected, although some species such as Lonchorhina aurita were clearly outliers. RESUMEN. Se utilizó el análisis de Fourier para describir la forma de las hojas nasales de los murciélagos filostómidos. Se usaron dibujos del contorno de las hojas nasales de nueve filostominos, siete estenodermatinos y un carolino para calcular los parámetros de una ecuación de Fourier simplificada ajustada por un modelo de regresión múltiple. El contorno de las hojas nasales puede reconstruirse graficando las ecuaciones de Fourier correspondientes. Se compararon las hojas nasales de los filostominos y de los estenodermatinos usando los coeficientes de Fourier y no se detectó ninguna diferencia significativa, a pesar de que algunas especies, como Lonchorhina aurita, se salieron totalmente del patrón general. Key words: Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae, Neotropical fauna, noseleaves morphology.
HABITAT STRUCTURE AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY OF A HABITAT SPECIALIST: THE ROCK MOUSE (Peromyscus difficilis)
Authors: Galindo Leal Carlos , Krebs Charles J.
Published: August 2019

Abstract: We used a gradient ofhabitats in manzanita-oak shrubland in Durango, Mexico, to analyze demographic variability and microhabitat use patterns ofthe rock mouse (Peromyscus difficilis). We tested two hypotheses: First, demographic parameters of habitat specialists should be closely associated with habitat structure. Second, popu!ations with higher breeding densities should have higher adult survival, less recruitment and more stable densities. In addition, we analyzed the habitat structure correlates of demographic stability. Demographic characteristics were more dissimilar in those grids with the greatest differences in vegetation characteristics. The areas with highest breeding densities had low juvenile and subadult recruitment in the breeding season. Most populations were relatively stable during the first year of study, but one declined to extinction during the second year. There were differences in microhabitat use among sexes and ages, as well as among resident and ransient individuals, particularly in the breeding season.Resumen: Utilizamos un gradiente de hábitats en el matorral de manzanita y encino en Durango, México, para analizar la variabilidad demográfica del ratón de las rocas Peromyscus difficilis). Examinamos dos hipótesis. Primera, los parámetros demográficos de los especialistas de hábitat deben de estar muy relacionados con la estructura del hábitat.Segunda, las poblaciones con densidades altas de individuos reproductores deben tener mejor sobrevivencia de adultos, menor reclutamiento y mayor estabilidad. Además, analizamos la correlación entre la estructura del hábitat y la estabilidad demográfica. Las características demográficas fueron menos similares en aquellas áreas en donde existieron mayores diferencias en las características de la vegetación. Las áreas con densidades más altas de individuos reproductores tuvieron un bajo reclutamiento de individuos jóvenes y subadultos durante la época reproductiva. La mayoría de las poblaciones estuvieron relativamente estables durante el primer año de estudio, sin embargo, durante el segundo año, una población disminuyó hasta extinguirse.Key Words: Peromyscus difficilis, demography, habitat structure, habitat specialists, Durango, Michilia Biosphere Reserve.
Natural history of the white-nosed coati, Nasua narica , in a tropical dry forest of western mexico.
Authors: Valenzuela David
Published: August 2019

Abstract. From November 1994 to March 1997, I studied the ecology of the White-nosed coati (Nasua narica; Procyonidae) in the central portion of its geographical range, in the tropical dry forests of the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve (CCBR), Jalisco, Mexico. I present here information about density, group size, diet diversity and feeding habits, ectoparasite load, mortality factors and reproduction. Average density estimates was 42.94 ± 16.88 ind. / km² (mean ± 95 % confidence interval) and average group size was 6.1 ± 0.49 (n = 142). Fecal analysis, demonstrated a trophic niche breadth of 2.674 with 85.11 % of the diet consisting of fruit and arthropods: two resources whose spatio-temporal availability is strongly affected by seasonality. The results are compared with available data and discussed in the context of seasonality effects on the ecology of this species.Resumen. De noviembre de 1994 a marzo de 1997, estudié aspectos de la ecología del coatí (Nasua narica; Procyonidae) en la porción media de su distribución geográfica, en la selva baja caducifolia de la Reserva de la Biosfera de Chamela Cuixmala, Jalisco, México. Presento aquí información sobre su densidad, el tamaño de sus grupos, la diversidad de su dieta y sus hábitos alimentarios, la carga de ectoparásitos, algunos factores de mortalidad y algunos aspectos reproductivos. El promedio de estimaciones de densidad fue 42.94 ± 16.88 ind. / km² (media ± intervalo de confianza al 95%), y el tamaño promedio de grupo fue de 6.1 ± 0.49 (n= 142). El análisis de heces fecales demostró una diversidad trófica de 2.674, y que el 85.11 % de la dieta consiste de frutas y artrópodos: dos recursos cuya disponibilidad espacio-temporal es fuertemente afectada por la estacionalidad climática. Los resultados se discuten en el contexto del los efectos de un ambiente estacional en la ecología de esta especie.Key words: tropical dry forest; climatic seasonality; Jalisco, México; Carnivore; Nasua narica
Vampirum spectrum en Chiapas, México.
Authors: Téllez María Concepción López , Legorreta Rodrigo Antonio Medellín , Gómez Gonzalo Yañes
Published: August 2019

Palabras clave: Vampyrum spectrum, murciélagos, Chiroptera, Selva Lacandona, Chiapas.
Importancia de la experiencia y de la variación intermedidor en la toma de medidas craneales para estudios morfométricos.
Authors: Moreno José Antonio Santos , Ramírez Salvador Gaona , Moncada Yolanda Hortelano
Published: August 2019

Palabras clave: Variación, error de medición, morfometría, Reithrodontomys sumichrasti.
Mammals from the Tarascan Plateau, Michoacán, México.
Authors: Orduña Trejo Constantino , Castro Campillo Alondra , Ramírez Pulido José
Published: August 2019

Resumen: Se examinaron 568 ejemplares de mamíferos nativos de 49 especies, procedentes de 49 localidades de la Meseta Tarasca o Sierra Purépecha del Estado de Michoacán, México. Las especies encontradas en esta región del Eje Volcánico Transversal incluyen 1 marsupial, 2 insectívoros, 17 quirópteros, 2 carnívoros, 24 roedores y 1 lagomorfo. Para calcular la diversidad de especies en los cuatro hábitats muestreados, se utilizaron las 2 especies de insectívoros y 21 de roedores. De mayor a menor diversidad, en el bosque de pino-encino se recolectaron 201 individuos de 15 especies (H’ = 2.49), en el bosque tropical caducifolio 142 de 15 especies (H’ = 2.43), en el bosque de oyamel 92 individuos de 10 especies (H’ = 2.01) y en las áreas de ecotono 52 individuos de cuatro especies (H’ = 1.15). El registro de Hylonycteris underwoodi es el primero para las partes altas del Estado de Michoacán. Abstract: We examined 568 specimens of native mammals belonging to 47 species from 49 localities of the Tarascan Plateau or Sierra Purépecha mountain range in the State of Michoacán, México. Species composition of this enclave in the Transvolcanic Belt is 1 marsupial, 2 insectivores, 17 bats, 2 carnivores, 24 rodents, and 1 lagomorph. To calculate the species diversity according to the four sampled habitats, only the 2 insectivore and 21 rodent species were included. From higher to lower diversity values, we found 201 specimens from 15 species in pine-oak forest (H’ = 2.49), 142 from 15 species in tropical deciduous forest (H’ = 2.43), 92 specimens belonging to 10 species fir forest (H’ = 2.01), and 52 from four species in an ecotonal area (H’ =1.15). Hylonycteris underwoodi is the first record for the highlands from the State of Michoacan. Key words: Mammals, distribution, diversity, Tarascan Plateau, Michoacán.
Bandas cromosómicas C de los géneros Romerolagus, Sylvilagus y Lepus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) de México.
Authors: Lorenzo Consuelo , Cervantes Fernando A. , González Francisco X.
Published: August 2019

Resumen: El patrón de bandas cromosómicas C de especies representantes de los tres géneros de lepóridos (conejos y liebres) que existen en México fue comparado, con el fin de analizar la variación en la cantidad de heterocromatina constitutiva y evaluar su papel en la diversificación de los lepóridos. Se observó que existen diferencias en la cantidad de heterocromatina constitutiva entre ellos. Sylvilagus presentó una mayor cantidad de este material mientras que Lepus se caracterizó por mostrar cantidades reducidas. El género Romerolagus se colocó en un lugar intermedio entre Sylvilagus y Lepus al presentar cantidades moderadas de heterocromatina. En todas las especies estudiadas la heterocromatina constitutiva se encontró alrededor del centrómero, de manera que las diferencias observadas se deben a la cantidad de heterocromatina constitutiva que presentan los géneros de lepóridos mexicanos.Abstract: The C-banded pattern of selected species representing the three Mexican leporid genera were compared. It was shown that there are noticeable differences in the amount of constitutive heterochromatin among them. Sylvilagus was characterized by large quantities, while Lepus showed small amounts of this material. Romerolagus was placed in a intermediate position by holding moderate quantities of heterochromatin. The distribution of the constitutive heterocromatin was pericentromeric in all the species examined. This suggests that the differences observed among the genera, are due to the distinct amounts of constitutive heterochromatin. Romerolagus and Sylvilagus are the most similar to each other as they share similar amounts of constitutive heterochromatin distributed in the same pattern.Palabras Clave: Bandas cromosómicas, mamíferos, lagomorfos, Romerolagus, Sylvilagus, Lepus, México.
Ampliación de rango de distribución de Bassaricyon gabbii J. A. Allen, 1876 (Carnivora: Procyonidae) en el norte de América Central.
Authors: Ordoñez Garza Nicte , Mccarthy Timothy J. , Monzon Sierra Jose , Matson John O. , Eckerlin Ralph P.
Published: August 2019

Palabras clave: Distribución, Carnivora, Bassaricyon gabbii, América Central.
Abundancia densidad y distribución de las poblaciones de ungulados en la Cuenca del Río Lacantún, Chiapas, México.
Authors: Citalán Jorge Eduardo Bolaños , Naranjo Eduardo Jorge
Published: August 2019

Resumen: Entre mayo de 1998 y mayo de 1999 se estimaron la densidad, abundancia relativa y distribución del pecarí de collar (Tayasu tajacu), senso (Tayassu pecari), tapir (Tapirus bairdii), temazate (Mazama americana) y venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) en la cuenca del Rio Lacantún en la Reserva Integral de la Biósfera Montes Azules (RIBMA) y sus inmediaciones, a través de observaciones directas y conteos de rastros en transectos lineales. En un total de 426 km recorridos se localizaron 551 rastros y se hicieron 177 avistamientos directos. De estos Últimos, 129 (72.9%) correspondieron asenso, 36 (20.3%) a pecarí de collar, 7 (4.0%) a tapir y 5 (2.8%) a venado temazate y ninguno a venado cola blanca. Las abundancias relativas de estas mismas especies fueron de 0.10, 0.56, 0.33, 0.33 y 0.01 rastros/km recorrido, respectivamente. No encontramos  diferencias significativas en las abundancias relativas ni entre las densidades poblacionales de las primeras cuatro especies al comparar las estaciones seca y lluviosa. En cambio, la abundancia del senso (H= 49.5; g.l.= 27; P= 0.005), pecarí de collar (H= 45.8; g.1.=27; P=O.O13) y tapir (H=56.4; g.1.=27; P=0.0008) vario entre transectos. Las densidades estimadas para tres de las cuatro especies observadas directamente dentro de la RIBMA (pecarí de labios blancos: 3.79 indíkm2; pecarí de collar 2.34 indíkm2; tapir 0.20 indíkm2) son similares a las registradas en otras localidades de Centro y Sudamérica en buen estado de conservación. Consideramos necesario realizar un monitoreo de las poblaciones de ungulados y su hábitat a largo plazo para registrar sus tendencias poblacionales y evitar la extinción local fuera de la RIBMA. Sugerimos además promover el trabajo con las comunidades locales para plantear alternativas de uso sustentable y conservación de estas y otras especies de fauna silvestre sujetas a aprovechamiento en la selva lacandona.Palabras clave: Abundancia, Chiapas, densidad, Mazama americana, Montes Azules, Odocoileus virginianus, Río Lacantún, Selva Lacandona, Tapirus bairdii, Tayassu pecari, Tayassu tajacu.
Ampliación en la distribución de Eumops underwoodi (Goodwin,1940) (Chiroptera:Molossidae) en la Peninsula de Yucatan, México
Authors: González M. Cristina Mac-Swiney , Sosa-Escalante Javier , Selem-Salas Celia I.
Published: August 2019

Palabras clave: Distribución, Campeche, Calkiní, Chiroptera, Eumops underwoodi.
Análisis morfométrico de Peromyscus difficilis felipensis (Rodentia: Muridae)
Authors: Martínez-Coronel Matías , Ziehl Carolina Müdespacher , Gaona Salvador
Published: August 2019

Resumen: Se analizó la variación morfométrica individual y geográfica de Peromyscus difficilis felipensis, con base en 13 variables craneales obtenidas de 352 ejemplares, que representan a 29 localidades de toda el área de distribución del taxón. Sus poblaciones aisladas se localizan en las montañas del centro de Oaxaca, Distrito Federal, Morelos y Estado de México. Los resultados mostraron que no existen diferencias entre los sexos para ninguna de las cinco categorías de edad consideradas. Por otra parte se encontró que la mayoría de las variables aumentaron de manera significativa con la edad alcanzando el estado adulto a partir de la edad IV. La variación geográfica fue evaluada entre seis grupos. Los resultados indican que los ejemplares de Oaxaca fueron los de menor talla y los de Zempoala los más grandes, aunque no hubo una separación clara entre todas las poblaciones, ya que los ejemplares de Hueyapan, Morelos, fueron morfológicamente similares a los de Oaxaca. Debido a la distribución disyunta de las poblaciones y a que éstas son morfológicamente similares, consideramos que un análisis de variación molecular y de compatibilidad reproductiva serán necesarios para determinar la relación genética que existe entre estas poblaciones. Palabras clave: Morfometría, variación geográfica, Peromyscus difficilis, Oaxaca. Abstract: Morphometrical analyses of 13 cranial variables, measured in 352 specimens, were conducted to test non-geographic and geographic variation in Peromyscus difficilis felipensis. This subspecies has a discontinuous distribution through the mountains of central Oaxaca and central Mexico, including the states of Distrito Federal, Morelos and Mexico.  Univariate analysis failed to show significant differences between the sexes.  On the other hand, significant differences were found among the five age categories, with the adult age reached at age four.  Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to explore the geographic variation in six geographic groups. The results of these analysis showed that the smaller mice were from Oaxaca while the larger were from Zempoala, though no clear division among the groups exists, because the mice from Hueyapan, Morelos were morphometrical closer to the Oaxacan sample than to others.  Because this taxon has discontinuous distribution and their populations were similar morphologically, it is necessary to evaluate the molecular variation and reproductive compatibility among these populations to determine their genetic relationships. Key words: Morphometrics, geographic variation, Peromyscus difficilis, Oaxaca.
Nuevos registros de Pteronotus personatus y Cynomops mexicanus (Chiroptera) en el estado de Yucatán, México
Authors: Macswiney G. M. Cristina , Bolívar C. Beatriz , Clarke Frank M. , Racey Paul A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract: Two new species of bats (Pteronotus personatus and Cynomops mexicanus) are reported for the state of Yucatán. Fifteen species from 11 gerera and 5 families were identified through echolocation recordings in two grassland sites of the state of Yucatán.  Keywords: Chiroptera, bats, echolocation, Pteronotus personatus and Cynomops mexicanus, Yucatán. Palabras clave: Chiroptera, murciélagos, ecolocalización, Pteronotus personatus and Cynomops mexicanus, Yucatán.
Registros notables de mamíferos en el sur del Distrito Federal, México.
Authors: Bárcenas Horacio V. , Legorreta Rodrigo A. Medellín
Published: August 2019

Abstract: The aim of this note is to report current records of mammals using camera-trap and other evidences at the south of Mexico City. The survey periods were carried out between march 2006 to June 2007. Total of 16 species in 10 families of mammals were recorded. Key words: Records, mammals, Tlalpan, Distrito Federal, Mexico. Palabras clave: Registros, mamíferos, Tlalpan, Distrito Federal, México.
Ampliacíon en la distribución histórica del tapir (Tapirus bairdii) en el Pacífico Mexicano.
Authors: Nolasco Ana laura , Lira Ivan , González Gerardo Ceballos
Published: August 2019

Abstract: We present a historic record from Acapulco, Guerrero, of Central American tapir (Tapirus bairdii) that represent the northernmost record in the Pacific coast of Mexico and North America. This report extends the current distribution 238 km to the northwest of its known geographic range. Key Words: Tapirus bairdii, Guerrero, New Historical Record.
Nuevas localidades en la distribución de murciélagos filostóminos (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) en Chiapas, México.
Authors: Hernández-Mijangos Luis Arturo , Gálvez-Mejía Roberto , Díaz- Negrete Marianna , Cruz-Durante Carlos Mauricio
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: We captured bats in natural protected areas in Chiapas, Mexico, including five individuals of the species Macrophyllum macrophyllum, Micronycteris schmidtorum, and Vampyrum spectrum. We report new localities on the distribution of this three species, extending their distribution ranges.KEY WORDS: Chiapas, distribution, Macrophyllum macrophyllum, Micronycteris schmidtorum, Vampyrum spectrum.PALABRAS CLAVE: Chiapas, distribución, Macrophyllum macrophyllum, Micronycteris schmidtorum, Vampyrum spectrum
Primer registro del Pecari de collar (Pecari tajacu) en el estado de Morelos.
Authors: Mason-Romo Edgard David , Villa-Mendoza Edith Patricia , Alquicira Gregorio Rendón , Galván David Valenzuela
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: For over half century mammalogists have studied and recorded species all over the state of Morelos, and despite the size and conspicuity of the collared peccari (Pecari tajacu) this species has not been officially recorded in Morelos. There are many informal reports from people in the communities whom claim to have seen it many years ago, yet young people seem not to know of it, this has made local mammalogists think hunting and habitat lost pressures have extirpated this species from Morelos. This is the first documented record of P. tajacu in this region of the south-central Mexico.KEY WORDS: Sierra de Huautla, collared peccari, Pecari tajacu, Morelos.PALABRAS CLAVE: Sierra de Huautla, pecarí de collar, Pecari tajacu, Morelos.
Registro anómalo en la distribución del murcielago cara de viejo Centurio senex (Chiroptera: Mammalia).
Authors: Uhart Enrique Q. , López-Vidal Juan Carlos
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: Wrinkled-faced bat, Centurio senex, belong to the family Phyllostomidae, are small to medium size, color variable but usually yellowish brown, each presenting a shoulder patch of white hair in the wing membrane areas have translucent skin, usually perches under the leaves on trees to the weather. Centurio senex is distributed throughout in the Neotropics, in evergreen forests, rain forests, and in lowland deciduous. On December 8, 2002 was a Centurio senex specimen was found in the municipality of Nezahualcoyotl, Col. Bosques de Aragón, Mexico State. Was found dead, raising a eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus sp.) We report here the presence of C. senex in the State of Mexico, this record is completely atypical, since these fruit bats live in tropical forest, and was probably brought to the area in a fruit cargo from a tropical region. KEY WORDS: Centurio senex, distribution, Estado de México, record.PALABRAS CLAVE: Centurio senex, distribución, Estado de México, registro.
Segundo Registro de Lasionycteris noctivagans (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) en México.
Authors: Flores Julio Cesar Arriaga
Published: August 2019

Abstract: The silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) has a marginal distribution in Mexico. Only was knew one record of 1967. In a field trip to the "La Peregrina" Canyon in 2009 was captured a specimen of Lasionycteris noctivagans.  This record represents the second in Tamaulipas and Mexico after 33 years and the southernmost locality.  This bat is under special protection according to NOM-059-ECOL-2001.  This result suggests an increased conservation and protection standars of these rare species and their potential habitat in Mexico.Palabras clave: Registro, Chiroptera, Lasionycteris noctivagans, Tamaulipas, México.Key  words: Record, Chiroptera, Lasionycteris noctivagans, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
ACTUALIZACIÓN DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN Y NOTAS SOBRE EL PEREZOSO DE TRES GARRAS Bradypus variegatus castaneiceps (Pilosa: Bradipodidae) EN HONDURAS
Authors: Marineros Leonel , Portillo Reyes Hector Orlando
Published: August 2019

RESUMENSe presentan 15 nuevas localidades de encuentros con perezosos de tres dedos Bradypus variegatus castaneiceps (Pilosa: Bradypodidae) en Honduras. Se confirma la existencia de esta especie en los departamentos de El Paraíso y Atlántida; con ello, se amplía la distribución por la cuenca del Río Segovia (frontera con Nicaragua) y por la costa Caribe de Honduras. Adicionalmente esta investigación propone una distribución espacial potencial de esta especie en el país basada en afinidad de caracteres fisiográficos con el programa MaxEnt. El estudio incluye también el registro de una cría en el mes de abril del 2013, se discuten los nombres locales de este animal en Honduras. Se evalúa las acciones de conservación en el país.Palabras clave: Ampliación, área de distribución, Centroamérica, three-toed sloth, probable ocurrencia, nuevos registros, MaxEnt.ABSTRACTWe present 15 new records for the brown three-toed sloth, Bradypus variegatus castaneiceps (Pilosa: Bradypodidae) in Honduras. These records confirm the existence of this specie in the departments of El Paraiso and Atlántida, and expand its geographical distribution from the watershed of the Rio Segovia (border with Nicaraguan) to along the Caribbean coast of Honduras. Additionally, we propose a potential spatial distribution of the specie based on the relationship between records and physiographic characteristics using the program MaxEnt. We document the presence of a juvenile in April 2013 and include a discussion of the common names of three-toed sloths in Honduras. We furthermore evaluate the position of this species on the List of Species of Special Concern and the qualification of its status as least concern (LC) in the IUCN Red ListKey words: Range extension, Central America, brown-throated sloth, probable occurrence, new records, MaxEnt
MAMÍFEROS CARNÍVOROS DEL PARQUE NACIONAL LAGUNAS DE CHACAHUA, OAXACA, MÉXICO: RIQUEZA, ABUNDANCIA Y PATRONES DE ACTIVIDAD
Authors: Buenrostro-Silva Alejandra , Sigüenza Pérez Daniela , García-Grajales Jesús
Published: August 2019

RESUMENLos mamíferos carnívoros desempeñan un rol importante en la estructura de las comunidades; sin embargo, los estudios sobre este grupo son complicados debido a sus estilos de vida, por lo que aún existen vacíos de información biológica. En este estudio se utilizaron trampas cámara en cuatro localidades de la costa central de Oaxaca, México. El trabajo se efectuó de septiembre de 2009 a agosto de 2010, con un esfuerzo total de 1012 días/trampa. Se obtuvieron 160 registros fotográficos independientes de ochos especies de mamíferos carnívoros y respecto a las presas potenciales se registraron cinco especies de mamíferos, dos especies de reptiles y dos grupos (aves y ratones). De acuerdo al Índice de Abundancia Relativa obtenido, los carnívoros más abundantes fueron Spilogale pygmaea, Urocyon cinereoargenteus y Nasua narica, mientras que las presas potenciales más abundantes fueron Didelphis virginiana, Dasypus novemcinctus y el grupo de los ratones. El patrón de actividad de las especies registradas mostró que el 73.8% son de hábitos nocturnos. El ganado vacuno de libre pastoreo mostró una abundancia que podría tener impactos en el ambiente natural y el nivel de recursos disponibles para la fauna silvestre de la región.Palabras clave: Cámaras-trampa, Carnívora, Oaxaca, patrón de actividad, Tututepec.ABSTRACTCarnivorous mammals play an important role on the community structure, however information gaps exist on their current situation debt to their nocturnal habits, evasive behavior and low population densities. In this study, we used camera traps to obtain records of mammal carnivores and their potential prey in four localities in the coastal central of Oaxaca, Mexico. The study was conducted from September 2009 to August 2010, with a total sampling effort of 1,012 trap/days. We obtained 160 independent photographs records of eights carnivorous mammal species and regarding potential prey we obtained five mammals species, two reptile species and two groups (birds and mice). According with the two Relative Abundance Index obtained Spilogale pygmaea, Urocyon cinereoargenteus y Nasua narica were the most abundant carnivorous mammals while that Didelphis virginiana, Dasypus novemcinctus and the mice group were the most abundant potential prey. The activity patterns of the species showed that 73.8% of them are nocturnal. The free range cattle showed an abundance that could have impacts in the natural environment and the level of resources available for the wildlife in the region.Key words: Camera-traps, Carnivora, Oaxaca, activity patterns, Tututepec.
REGISTROS RECIENTES DE JAGUAR (Panthera onca) EN EL ESTADO DE HIDALGO, MÉXICO
Authors: Morales García Angel Daen , Acosta Rosales Alfredo
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIn this note we present two new records of jaguar (Panthera onca) for the cloud forest of the Sierra Hidalguense region. These new records confirm the presence of the jaguar in this region, and evidence that some wild areas of Hidalgo State potentially have suitable conditions for the species persistence. We discuss the potential of the Sierra Hidalguense region to provide connectivity between the jaguar populations in the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico. It is necessary to improve the knowledge of jaguar distribution in the Hidalgo State to implement appropriate conservation plans for the species in eastern Mexico. Key words: Conservation, Hidalgo, La Misión, Panthera onca, Sierra Gorda.
REGISTROS DEL TAYRA (Eira barbara Linneanus 1758) EN EL ESTADO DE HIDALGO, MÉXICO
Authors: Morales García Jonatan Job , Morales García Angel Daen , Chame Cruz José Manuel
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this note we present the first records of the tayra (Eira barbara Linneanus 1758) documented in two different places within the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. The first ocurred in 2013 in the southern part of the state, in the Sierra Otomi-Tepehua region within the Zicatlán town in the municipality of Huehuetla, when an individual was captured in a fragmented evergreen tropical forest. The second record was registred in 2014 through the identification of individuals in five photographs taken in the north of Hidalgo, in the Sierra Gorda cloud forest within the town of San Cristobal in the municipality of La Misión. New records confirm the presence of the tayra in Hidalgo and is evident that some areas of the state have suitable conditions for this species. The records ocurred north and south of the state, for this region gathers appropiate characteristics as a biological corridor for the species. We consider that due to their charateristics these areas are favorable as landscape to connect the northern and southern population of the species in central Mexico. Results suggest that it is necessary to increase the knowledge of this species distribution, in order to identify appropriate strategies for their conservation in Mexico.Keywords: Conservation, Hidalgo, Sierra Otomí-Tepehua, Sierra Gorda hidalguense, Eira barbara.
MAMIFEROS EN DOS LOCALIDADES DE SELVA SECA EN EL ESTADO DE GUERRERO
Authors: Marín Alejandro , Ceballos Gerardo , Pacheco Jesús
Published: August 2019

RESUMENLas selvas secas son uno de los ecosistemas más diversos y amenazados en Latinoamérica. Se realizó un muestreo de la mastofauna terrestre en dos localidades de las selvas secas del estado de Guerrero en el Pacífico mexicano. En total se registraron 44 especies de mamíferos terrestres que pertenecen a 20 familias y 8 órdenes, lo que representa el 9% de la mastofauna terrestre del país y el 29% para el estado de Guerrero. De las especies encontradas, 9 son endémicas a México. Sobre el estado de conservación, 3 de ellas se encuentran amenazadas y 3 en peligro de extinción de acuerdo a la lista mexicana de especies en riesgo. A nivel mundial, 2 especies son consideradas vulnerables. Destacan los registros del zorrillo pigmeo (Spilogale pygmaea), la rata leñera (Hodomys alleni) y el jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi). Para los murciélagos Musonycteris harrisoni y Myotis carteri se amplía su rango de distribución con los registros aquí presentados. La diversidad de mamíferos registrada enfatiza la importancia de conservar parches de selva en ambientes altamente urbanizados, así como la necesidad de estrategias que incrementen la conectividad entre los diferentes parches y que consideren las amenazas urbanas a la fauna en estos sitios.Palabras clave: Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, mamíferos, Omitlán, selva seca.ABSTRACTThe tropical dry forest represents one of the most diverse and threatened ecosystems in Latin America. We carried out a survey of the terrestrial mammals’ community in two locations at the Mexican Pacific region of dry forest in Guerrero state. We registered 44 species of mammals belonging to 20 families and 8 orders, representing 9 % of Mexico’s terrestrial mammals and 29 % of Guerrero’s. About 9 species of the mammals reported in this study are endemic to Mexico. About the conservation status, 3 species are classified as “threatened” and 3 as “endangered” in the Mexican list of endangered species. In the global context, 2 species are listed as vulnerable. Also, the presence of the pygmy skunk (Spilogale pygmaea), the allen’s woodrat (Hodomys alleni) and the presence of the jaguaroundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), is noteworthy. With the records in this study, we extend the known distribution of the bats Musonycteris harrisoni and Myotis carteri. The great diversity and peculiarity of the found mammals emphasize the importance of conserve forest patches in highly urbanized, also the need of strategies that increment the connectivity between the patches and consider the urban threats, as roadkill’s, in these sites.Key words: Acapulco de Juárez, dry forest, Guerrero, mammals, Omitlan.
REGISTROS NOTABLES DE MAMÍFEROS PARA LA RESERVA DE LA BIÓSFERA SIERRA GORDA DE GUANAJUATO, MÉXICO
Authors: Sosa-Guerrero Oscar , Campos-Rodríguez José I. , Flores-Leyva Xhail , Yáñez-López Paola , Mora-Villa Leticia A.
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTWe present distribution range extentions for five species of mammals from the Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato Biosphere Reserve in state of Guanajuato, Mexico. These are two felids: Lynx rufus and Puma concolor, as well as the western speckled skunk Spilogale gracilis, the peccari Dicotyles crassus, and the coati Nasua narica. The presence of these records reflects the importance of the Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato Biosphere Reserve as one of the main protected natural areas of Guanajuato, Mexico, since this area constitutes a natural bridge between species of neartic and neotropical affinity. This type of study reaffirms the need to continue conducting regional and local biological inventories in Mexico.Key words: Range extensión, camera-traps, Victoria, Guanajuato, biological corridor.Palabras clave: Distribución, cámaras trampa, Victoria, Guanajuato, corredores biológicos.
Association between characteristic of breakfast menu with energy and macronutrient intake in Cadet of Sekolah Tinggi Penerbangan Indonesia
Authors: Hadianti Siti
Published: August 2019

Food intake compliance of STPI’s cadet has been provided by the dormitory manager. However, based on observations, there are complaints from the cadets about the taste of food on the breakfast menu that is often tasteless, its appearance looks pale and variations of food that has not been expected. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between appearance, taste, and variation of breakfast menu with energy and macronutrient intake of a cadet from Department of Aviation STPI Curug-Tangerang. Research conducted in February to March 2015. Design in this study was cross-sectional with 73 samples taken by simple random sampling. The result of statistical tests, using fisher's exact, showed no relationship between appearance, taste, and variation of breakfast food menu with energy and macronutrient intake.
DNA insecticides as an emerging tool for plant protection and food security strategies
Authors: Nyadar Palmah Mutah , Razo Shyatesa
Published: August 2019

A large number of plant diseases and damages are caused by insects and insect vectors of plant pathogens, leading to the serious threats facing plant protection and food security. The access to safe and nutritiously high-quality food is essential for human growth and development. This translates to a well-developed society with systematically organized efforts for maintenance and increased food production or supply to meet the continuous growing demand. The effects of environmental, biological, chemical, political and socioeconomic factors have all contributed to the present nature of food dynamics, its availability, supply and security. Hence, the development of safe bio-based substances should be prioritized for precise and effective use in plant protection strategies. This review examines the sequential results of the insecticidal potentials of unmodified short single-stranded DNA fragments used as DNA insecticides, and emerging tool for safe plant protection strategy.
The efficiency of use lentiviral vectors for the transformation of rooster spermatogenic cells in vivo
Authors: Volkova Natalya Alexandrovna , Vetokh Anastasia Nikolaevna , Volkova Lyudmila Aleksandrovna , Nataliya Anatolievna Zinovyeva
Published: August 2019

Male gonad cells are considered as promising target cells for the introduction of recombinant DNA within obtaining genetically modified individuals with given characteristics. The use of testicular spermatogonial stem cells is of the greatest interest. In the process of differentiation, this type of cell gives rise to a significant population of mature male germ cells. In the case of their genetic transformation, differentiated cells can be used to inseminate females in order to produce transgenic progeny. The aim of the research was to study the efficiency of using lentiviral vectors for the local transformation of roosters’ testicular spermatogenic cells. We used a lentiviral vector containing the ZsGreen reporter gene under the control of the CMV promoter. In vitro transformation of rooster spermatogenic cells was carried out by infection with a viral preparation, in vivo through multiple injections of the viral preparation into the testicular parenchyma of roosters ( n = 5). The efficiency of transformation was assessed by expression of the reporter ZsGreen gene in transfected spermatogenic cells. The success of using lentiviral vectors for the genetic transformation of rooster spermatogenic cells was shown in experiments in vitro and in vivo . The transformation efficiency of this cells types in an in vitro culture varied from 45 to 57% and averaged 48 ± 4%. The expression of the ZsGreen reporter gene in the cells of the spermatogenic epithelium of the testes was established in almost all experimental roosters in the in vivo experiments. The number of seminiferous tubules with transformed spermatogenic cells varied in the studied experimental roosters from 10 to 22%. The effectiveness of genetic transformation of the testes spermatogenic cells was 1.8 ± 0.2%. The obtained results indicate to the success of using lentiviral vectors for the genetic transformation of spermatogenic cells of rooster testes in vivo in order to create individuals with genetically transformed germ cells for the further production of transgenic offspring with given characteristics.
Improving laboratory control of butter
Authors: Seregin Ivan Georgievich , Nikitchenko Dmitry Vladimirovich , Leontiev Leonid Borisovich , Akulich Olga Andreevna
Published: August 2019

The work is devoted to the improvement of laboratory control of cow butter, which is sold in the chain stores and markets. The social relation of buyers to butter, its range in various retailers are studied, and samples of the butter, acquired in chain stores and markets of Moscow and Vladimir, are investigated. During microbiological studies, the presence of E. coli in the butter “Krestianskoe” was established, which does not meet the safety requirements of this product. In addition, in this butter was revealed a reduced content of milk fat 71.5% instead of 72.5%. Butter “Shokoladnoe” of the “Krestianskoe” trademark had only 60% of fat content, instead of the declared 62%. The packaging of this oil is marked with a distorted label according to the shelf life and storage conditions, which indicates information falsification. There is a mismatch in selected samples with the requirements of GOST and the stated indicators, which indicates the need to develop additional methods for identifying various fakes in butter. It was determined that by melting butter in hot water, by microscopying a product using a compressor or by irradiating the surface of butter with UV rays, it is possible to quickly and reliably identify some of its falsifications.
INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Mamedov Andrey A. , Batova Vera N.
Published: August 2019

The article examines the international legal integration regulation of relations in the sphere of economics and finance context of globalization. The modern era - an era of globalization, which includes the highly dynamic development of integration processes in various areas of activity of the state. Globalization is an objective the emergence of supra-national / transnational elements of legal regulation. More and more questions of domestic jurisdiction transferred to the states under the international legal regulation. In the context of globalization in the development of the law is a tendency of formation of international integration law. Therefore, considering the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of economics and finance in the modern period, we can not ignore world integration processes as a result of globalization.
Antropología para médicos
Authors: Herrera Diego , Gaus David , Troya Carlos , Gevara Alicia , Obregón Miguel
Published: August 2019

Una de las paradojas de nuestro tiempo es que cuanto mayores son los avances médicos y más destacado es el desarrollo biotecnológico, más necesitados estamos de teorías sociales que nos inviten a repensar la salud y la enfermedad en nuestro mundo desigual y diverso (1).

Todo contacto entre el médico y su paciente, contiene elementos significativos determinados por la sociedad y  los poderes que operan en ella. Hasta la vivencia más subjetiva de un estado de enfermedad, está impregnada de la cultura del grupo en el que el individuo se ubica, y ésta es a su vez, la resultante de innumerables experiencias de vida, en situaciones históricamente determinadas y, al mismo tiempo, por el condicionamiento producido por los procesos de hegemonía y poder existente en el sistema social (2).