bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Kinetics Studies of Iodide Adsorption on The Al_SBA-16 Mesoporous Nanomaterial as Radiopharmaceutical Vehicle Candidate
Authors: Prihatiningsih Maria Christina , Retnoasih Sri Sundari , Andjioe Athanasia Elra , Kundari Noor Anis , Rachman Putra Edy Giri
Published: June 2020

In order to investigate the potential of Al_SBA-16 Mesoporous Nanomaterial as a candidate for radiopharmaceutical vehicles, the studies of kinetics, thermodynamic, and in vitro stability of Iodide adsorption onto the nanomaterial have been carried out. The adsorption study was conducted at different temperature, time, and iodide concentration and observed with spectrophotometric techniques. The isotherm adsorption was fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich model and the thermodynamic parameters were determined at temperatures of 293K, 301K, 308K, and 313K. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics was analyzed in terms of pseudo first order model for Al_SBA-16 Mesoporous Nanomaterial and Iodide and pseudo second order in overall reaction. The activation energy was determined by using Arrhenius equation, meanwhile, the in vitro stability testing was conducted in phosphate buffer saline at pH variation for 5.5 to 7.0, and at temperature variation for 20C to 45C and at testing time variation for 6 to 48 hours. The result indicate that the adsorption obeys the Langmuir isotherm model and has a tendency to be chemical adsorption with a value of H was -116.641 kJ/mol and the nature of spontaneous reactions. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-first-order model and the apparent activation energy was 41.26 kJ/mol. In the present research work, the in vitro stability data were evaluated using P-Value and the theory of Hypothesis Testing or Fisher's significance test. The result of hypothesis testing show that, the adsorption of iodide onto Al_SBA-16 Mesoporous Nanomaterial were highly stable under the experimental conditions adopted.
SOURCE TERM ASSESSMENT FOR 100 MWE PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR
Authors: Udiyani Pande Made , Setiawan Muhammad Budi
Published: June 2020

One of the barriers on the implementation of nuclear energy in Indonesia is public perception towards the safety of nuclear power plants (NPPs). Therefore, it is necessary to perform a study about the radiation impact of normal and abnormal operations of an NPP. In accordance to the program of Ministry of Research and Technology period 2020-2024, concerning the plan to build a small modular reactor (SMR)-type NPP, a radiation safety study has been performed for the 100 MWe Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR-100MWe). Source term release of radioactive substances into the environment from PWR-100MWe is a starting point in the study of the radiological consequences of reactor operation. Therefore, this paper will examine the PWR-100MWe source term under normal and abnormal operating conditions, according to the design and the design basis accident (DBA). The initial trigger of the DBA is Lost of Coolant Accident (LOCA) such as Small LOCA and Large LOCA.  Due to the limitations of available SMR data, the study of PWR-100MWe source term refers to the assumption of the release fraction of fission products per subsystem in a larger 1000MWe PWR. It is expected from this assumption that pessimistic source term will be obtained. The study begins with calculation of PWR-100MWe core inventory using ORIGEN2 code based on PWR-100MWe reactor parameters. Through the mechanistic source term model and PWR-1000MWe release parameters, source terms will be obtained for normal operation and abnormal conditions i.e. DBA. Normal source term is used to calculate the consequences of normal operation, which will be used for environmental monitoring and environmental safety analysis of the site. Whereas accident source term is the basis for calculating the radiological consequences of accidents used for SAR documents and nuclear preparedness.Keywords: SMR, PWR-100MWe, normal operation, source term, accident
El liderazgo: una visión desde las teorías organizacionales
Authors: Palafox Soto María Olivia , Ochoa Jiménez, Sergio , Jacobo Hernández Carlos Armando
Published: June 2020

El liderazgo es parte esencial para la gestión de las organizaciones, el cual ha sido estudiado desde diversas vertientes. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene por objetivo mostrar el abordaje teórico de dicho aspecto desde la visión de las teorías organizacionales, con un análisis histórico, analítico y crítico de las aportaciones, tomando como referencia la metodología propuesta por Fink, mediante una revisión de literatura. Lo anterior permite afirmar que la existencia del liderazgo en las organizaciones es dependiente de la coexistencia de motivación, comunicación, poder, autoridad, entre otros elementos, que le dan vida, presencia y esencia a todo tipo de organizaciones, contribuyendo así a la permanencia de las mismas.
A Method of Air Targets Complex Recognition in Air-Based Pulse-Doppler Radar at the Stage of Primary Signals Processing
Authors: Bogdanov Alexander V. , Lobanov Alexander A. , Kuchin Alexander A. , Golubenko Valentin A.
Published: June 2020

This paper deals with developed procedures of recognition air targets state based on “single target, with their number – group targets with number of group targets and targets in each group”, the class of single target based on “turbojet aircraft – turboprop aircraft – helicopter – missile” the type of single target based on “turbojet aircraft”, separated air target and types of group air target among turbojet aircraft class due to flight-experimental research of the information properties radar signals, echoed from different classes and types of air targets. In addition, the authors developed the method of air targets complex recognition in air-based pulse-Doppler radar at the stage of primary signals processing that combined this recognition procedures
Estimation of Parameters of Signal Mixture with Noise Based on Monitoring Outputs of the Multichannel Device of Orthogonal Signals Distinction at Coherent Reception
Authors: Zhironkin Sergey B. , Bliznyuk Alexander A. , Pshenitsyn Andrey A. , Lyutikov Igor V.
Published: June 2020

Mathematical expressions for optimal and quasi-optimal estimations of signal/noise relation and spectral density of noise capacity, based on monitoring outputs of the coherent multichannel device of distinction of orthogonal signals have been received. It was found that, by means of processing outputs of channels in multichannel devices of distinction of orthogonal signals, one can make almost implementable quasi-optimal estimations of signal/noise relation or noise parameters with rather high accuracy
Nefret Söyleminin İnşasında Sosyal Medyanın Rolü: Ekşi Sözlük Örneği
Authors: YAŞA Hüseyin , ÖKSÜZ Onur
Published: June 2020

Gündelik hayat içerisinde çeşitli nefret söylemlerinin yoğun olarak üretildiği ve bu söylemlerin farklı mecralarda özellikle de sosyal medya ortamlarında paylaşılmasıyla yeniden üretildiği söylenilebilir. İnteraktif bir yapıya sahip olan sosyal medya, bu özelliğinden dolayı nefret söylemlerinin paylaşılmasına ve konuyla ilgili yorumların hızlı bir şekilde yayılmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sosyal medya ve nefret söylemi ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla çok kullanılan sosyal medya platformlarından biri olan Ekşi Sözlük’te üretilen ve dolaşıma sokulan nefret söylemi ele alınmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın örneklemi olarak belirlenen Ekşi Sözlük’te yer alan “Suriyeli Sığınmacılar” başlığı altında kullanıcıların önyargıları, hoşnutsuzlukları ve tahammülsüzlüklerinin yanı sıra bir arada yaşamayı yok eden, başkalarının haklarına müdahalede bulunmayı ve adaletsizlikleri teşvik eden yorumların hangi biçimlerde ifade edildiğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla sözü edilen başlık altında yazılan 3200 entry’nin %10’u çalışmaya dahil edilerek Şükela Modu altındaki 320 entry içerik analizi yöntemiyle kategorize edilerek çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, “katılımcı sözlük” ağları arasında en çok kullanıcı sayısına sahip olan Ekşi sözlük platformunda yer alan entry’lerin, yabancı ve göçmenlere yönelik nefret söylemlerinin oluşturulmasına ve bunun kullanıcılar arasında etkileşimli bir şekilde yayılmasına yol açtığı sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır.
TRADITIONAL AND NON-TRADITIONAL CULTURAL AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF UKRAINE AND THE WORLD
Authors: Beydik Olexander Oleksiovych , Topalova Olesya Illiyivna , Siruk Vady’m Yurijovych
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study is to elucidate the number and structure of the museum network in a global and national dimension; define the concepts of «museum», «cultural and informational system» and the main directions of improving museum business in Ukraine; analyze the basic structural and logical models and dynamics of museum development in Ukraine; better understand the idea of unusual museum projects in Ukraine and highlight the most original among them by subject, history of creation and value of exhibitions.

The methods and methodology of research. Expeditionary (a direct training with the expositions of non-traditional museum projects and field data collecting), monographic (an analysis of publications of leading museum scientists), comparative-geographical, cartographic, statistical (an analysis of number of museum institutions and their popularity in Ukraine), sociological (an identification of priorities of student youth in relation to non-traditional museum projects) computer technologies, modeling (a use of structural and logical models in the publication) methods were used in the disclosure of the topic.

The novelty of the research. The dynamics and trends of museum development in Ukraine and in the world, the structure of the array of publications on museum issues are elucidated, the priorities of student youth in relation to extraordinary museums and the top-7 most famous non-traditional museum projects of Ukraine (in order of discussion) are identified.

The results. It is proved that the share of non-traditional museums, museum projects and exhibitions in the «museum area» both in Ukraine and abroad is increasing, while at the same time in the Ukrainian national space it has been observed the actual disappearance of, until recently, unique expositions from such museum halls as the Museum of the History of Kyiv, the Museum of Taras Shevchenko on Chernychiy (Tarasova) mountain in Kaniv (Cherkasy region); by interviewing student youth, the most attractive and unpopular unconventional museums (world dimension) and the top 7 unusual museum projects of Ukraine (in order of discussion) were identified. The quantitative characteristics of the museum network and the popularity of museum institutions of Ukraine for the years 2000–2017 are given.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of i implementation the results of the study into the educational process of higher education institutions in Ukraine (when teaching courses of excursion and museum studies, museum tourism, geography of tourism, basics of excursion) at the geographical, historical faculties of institutions of higher education in Ukraine) and the use of materials in the activities of museum and sightseeing institutions of Ukraine, in increasing public attention to traditional and non-traditional museum projects and expanding the idea of diversification of museum institutions.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-TOURIST PRODUCT OF THE ZHITOMIR WORLD (ON THE EXAMPLE OF AGRICULTURAL HOUSE “POLESSKY DOM”)
Authors: Chernyshova Taisiya Nikolaevna
Published: June 2020

In the article on the example of activity of cultural and art center the "Polesye house" forming features and structural-functional descriptions of tourist product of rural tourism were analysed in the Zhytomyr region, and also the analysis of economic activity of агросадиби is conducted the "Polesye house" for three last years taking into account all types of activity.

Goal. Analysis of economic activities at the agriturismo "Polesye house " and specific features of formation and structural-functional characteristics of the tourist product of rural tourism in the region.

Method. For this purpose we used a range of complementary research methods: methods are systematic and statistical analysis, generalization and systematization. In the process of research used literary sources for rural tourism in Zhytomyr region and in the country, and Internet resources.

Results. Analyzing the activities of the "Polesye house " farm for three years, we can conclude that: holidaymakers are active in April - July, with the largest number of tourists in May; the most popular services are: lunch, master classes, entertainment, souvenir shopping, quests; the highest revenue was recorded in May 2016-2018 and October 2018.

The results of the study indicate that, in order to attract the modern tourist and to increase the target audience you need to constantly work on expanding the range of services. Therefore, at the present stage in the creation and establishment of a quality and profitable tourist product in rural tourism in the region must take into account different interests and preferences of tourists of different age and target audience and constantly work on expanding the range of services.

Scientific novelty. For the first time analyzed the activities of the cultural arts center, "Polesye house " and performed a statistical analysis of its economic activities and peculiarities of the tourist product.

Practical significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that proposals for the development and creation of tourist product in rural tourism, can be used at the regional level for improvement of territorial organization of the tourist complex.
Quality of life study in patients with nodular and multinodular forms of euthyroid goiter
Authors: Zaivchatsky M. F. , Volkov Yu. V. , Denisov S. A. , Teplykh N. S. , Blinov S. A. , Amarantov D. G. , Kolyvanova M. V.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To study and estimate the quality of life in patients with nodular and multinodular forms of euthyroid goiter prior to the surgery and in different postoperative periods.

Materials and methods. The method of random study was used to examine 100 patients with nodular and multinodular forms of euthyroid goiter, who were treated at Perm Regional Treatment and Diagnostic Center Center of Hepatic and Endocrine Surgery in 20092017. To study patients quality of life, SF-36 survey was used. The quality of life indices were assessed prior to the surgery, 1 and 6 days after the surgery as well as 3 and 6 postoperative months.

Results. The quality of life in patients with nodular and multinodular forms of euthyroid goiter is subjected to the influence of not only preoperative factors but also factors, occurring in both early and long-term postoperative periods. Special attention is to be paid to psychological factors of the preoperative period. Three and six months after the surgery, patients with initial compression of cicatricial deformity of the neck organs had improved psychoemotional indices.

Conclusions. Studying of the quality of life permits to estimate the efficiency of surgical treatment in patients with thyroid diseases. Relative decrease in the quality of life indices among patients with nodular and multinodular forms of euthyroid goiter are most evidently manifested in the early postoperative period. In case of favorable course of the postoperative period, improvement of physical activity is observed in 5 days, psychological in six months. Six months later, the quality of life indices in patients with both forms of goiter did not differ from those in the comparison group.
Body dysmorphic disorder (dysmorphophobia / dysmorphomania): literature review
Authors: Khramtsova N. I. , Zayakin Yu. Yu. , Plaksin S. A. , Kurkina V. А.
Published: June 2020

A literature review regarding body dysmorphic disorder. Analysis of Russian and foreign bibliographic sources. Dysmorphophobia (body dysmorphic disorder, dysmorphomania) is a psychopathological disorder with ideas of imaginary or exaggerated personal physical inferiority. In the general population it occurs in more than 2 %. Criteria for dysmorphophobia diagnosis are the following: excessive preoccupation with any imaginary or insignificant defect in appearance; preoccupation with a clinically significant disorder or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning; the clinical picture is not explained by another mental disorder. A unique approach to the diagnosis of dysmorphophobia has not been developed yet; clinical, pathopsychological and anamnestic methods are used as well as special questionnaires. Treatment includes drug and psychotherapeutic approaches. The disease is usually chronic, only 9 % of patients manage to achieve stable remission and only 21 % partial. Narrow specialists are not always acquainted with dysmorphophobia; it leads to an incorrect diagnosis and treatment. It is necessary to improve methods for the timely detection and correction of this form of mental pathology in order to prevent severe personal and social consequences of the disease.
Application of biomechanical research methods in evaluating results of surgical treatment of children with Legg – Calve – Perthes disease
Authors: Baindurashvili A. G. , Kostomarova E. A. , Nikityuk I. E. , Kononova E. L. , Barsukov D. B. , Baskov V. E. , Pozdnikin I. Yu. , Bortulev P. I.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To study the functional state of the musculoskeletal system in patients with Legg Calve Perthes disease after surgical treatment.

Material and methods. The study of 31 patients at the age of 8 to 13 years with unilateral Legg Calve Perthes disease (LCPD) was performed in the period from 2 to 5 years after surgical treatment. In the control group (15 children), correcting (varus) osteotomy (VO) was fulfilled, in the main group (16 children) triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO), and the group of healthy children (18 persons) was examined as well. Walking biomechanics was studied using of the STEDIS complex (Neurosoft LLC, Ivanovo, Russia). The vertical balance of the body was evaluated on a stabilometric platform MBN "Biomechanics" (LLC NMF MBN, Moscow).

Results. After surgical treatment, the indicators of vertical balance and biometry of the step phases in both groups of children with LCPD did not reach the same level as in healthy individuals at the indicated follow-up dates. The least significant indicators of step phase asymmetry were found in patients after TPO compared with patients after VO. In patients after VO, the destabilization of the center of pressure significantly exceeded that in patients after TPO.

Conclusions. Biomechanical studies allow us to compare the functional results of various techniques of surgical treatment of children with unilateral LCPD. After TPO operation, patients have a more complete restoration of the supportability of the affected lower limb compared to VO operation.
Energy- and Predominant-Period-Dependent P-Wave Onset Picker (EDP-Picker)
Authors: Lu Jianqi , Li Shanyou , He Peiyang , Xie Zhinan , Zhao Yan , Song Jindong , Ma Qiang , Tao Dongwang
Published: June 2020

An energy- and predominant-period-dependent (EDP) P-wave onset automatic picking (EDP-picker) algorithm is proposed to deal with the problem of inaccurate P-wave onset picking in cases in which the P-wave onset is hidden in high-amplitude ambient noise or the energy difference between the seismic P-wave and ambient noise is indistinguishable. The algorithm evaluates the energy change using a characteristic variable ΔE, which describes the energy increment of the P wave above ambient noise. The period change is evaluated using two variables with respect to the predominant period, namely Tpd as proposed by Hildyard et al. (2008) and ΔTpd as the gradient of Tpd. The EDP-picker algorithm has two steps: (1) threshold-based cursory P-wave onset picking and (2) precise P-wave onset picking using an Akaike information criterion function, in which both energy information and period information are considered. All three parameters are determined in a 1 s sliding window. The proposed algorithm is verified on a large dataset comprising 13,481 vertical strong ground motion records for 570 events selected from K-NET (Japan) and China Strong Motion Networks Center data. For all records with an epicentral distance of less than 150 km, 93.5% of residuals of manual picks and auto picks are within ±0.5  s. The results demonstrate that EDP-picker is robust and suitable for real-time systems.
Cerrahi için yüksek riskli bir hastada akut kolesistitin endoskopik transpapiller drenajı
Authors: İPOR Sinem , ÇETİN Mehmet , ÖNMEZ Atilla , İPOR Alper , TORUN Serkan
Published: June 2020

Akut kolesistit, safra taşlarının sık görülen komplikasyonlarından birisidir. Akut kolesistit için genellikle kolesistektomi önerilir. En sık tercih edilen yöntem laparoskopik kolesistektomidir. Ancak ameliyatın kontrendike olduğu durumlarda endoskopik transpapiller safra kesesi drenajı alternatif bir yöntem olarak kabul edilir. 86 yaşında kadın hasta, acil servise, sağ üst kadran ağrısı ve ateş yüksekliği yakınmalarıyla başvurduğunda çekilen abdomen tomografisinde taşlı kolesistit saptandı. Hasta kolesistit, kolanjit ve biliyer sepsis ön tanılarıyla yatırılarak acil endoskopik retrograd kolanjiyografi yapıldı. Safra kesesine 10 Fr 10 cm double pigtail plastik stent ve sağ ve sol ana safra kanalına uzanacak şeklide iki adet 10 Fr double pigtail stent yerleştirildi. İşlem sonrası klinik takiplerinde hasta hızlıca düzeldi ve post-operatif 1 hafta sonra taburcu edildi. Safra kesesinin endoskopik drenajı, transpapiller yoldan veya transmural yoldan endoskopik ultrasonografi ile yapılabilir. Prosedür teknik olarak başarılı olduğunda, transpapiller drenaj, akut kolesistitli hastaların %90’ından fazlasında etkili tedavi sağlar. Endoskopik drenaj yöntemleri kolesistektomi riski yüksek olan hastalarda teknik olarak uygulanabilir, güvenli ve etkili tekniklerdir.
Pengaruh Cara Penyembelihan dan Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Kualitas Daging Ayam Broiler
Authors: Haq Anis Dliyaul , Irfan Irfan , Lubis Yanti Meldasari
Published: June 2020

Slaughtering is a method used to obtain food from farmed animals. Chicken slaughter is one of important factors affevting the halal and nutritional quality of meat. Chicken meat slaughtered is done according to islamic sharia and not according to Islamic sharia. Slaughtering is carried out according to islamic or halal sharia according LPPOM-MUI (2008). The storage time for food is a period of time that is safe and suitable for consumption in food and can be used by consumers according to their needs and can maintain the state of the food that is packed. Determine the quality of chicken meat whether or not accepted by consumers affect the physical, chemical and biological quality. The study aims to determine the effect of slaughtering methoda (according to Islamic sharia and not according to Islamic sharia) and duration of storage on the quality of chicken meat. This research uses factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the method of slaughtering, namely slaughtering by Islamic sharia and slaughtering not by Islamic sharia (neck slaughter broken). Slaughtering by Islamic sharia is chicken slaughtering in RPA that is halal certified, while slaughtering is not by Islamic sharia is chicken slaughtered in RPA that is certified not halal. The second factor is storage time, which is 0 hours (control), 3 hours, 6 hours and 9 hours. The result of this study showed that slaughter had a very significantly affected (P 0,01) on skin color. The treatmment duration significantly affected (P 0,05) on water content and suppleness. Research shows that the quality of chicken meat slaughtered according to Islamic sharia (P1) is better than meat slaughtered not according to Islamic sharia, especially in terms of; as higher skin color. As storage time increases, the water content
1er Congreso internacional en riesgos psicolaborales y calidad de vida en el trabajo.
Authors: Acosta Fernández Martín
Published: June 2020

No hay nada más grato en el ámbito editorial que dar cuenta del resultado de encuentros científicos exitosos. Y hoy, tenemos el placer de ofrecer a ustedes los resúmenes de los trabajos de investigación que se presentaron el pasado mes de Mayo en la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, en el marco del I Congreso Internacional en Riesgos Psicolaborales y Calidad de Vida en el Trabajo. Escenario donde coincidieron participantes de distintos países latinoamericanos para discutir sobre el particular.
Obtaining Real-World Benchmark Programs from Open-Source Repositories
Through Abstract-Semantics Preserving Transformations
Authors: Paquin Maria
Published: June 2020

Benchmark programs are an integral part of program analysis research. Researchers
use benchmark programs to evaluate existing techniques and test the feasibility of
new approaches. The larger and more realistic the set of benchmarks, the more confident
a researcher can be about the correctness and reproducibility of their results. However,
obtaining an adequate set of benchmark programs has been a long-standing challenge in the
program analysis community.

In this thesis, we present the APT tool, a framework we designed and implemented to
automate the generation of realistic benchmark programs suitable for program analysis
evaluations. Our tool targets intra-procedural analyses that operate on an integer domain,
specifically symbolic execution. The framework is composed of three main stages. In the
first stage, the tool extracts potential benchmark programs from open-source repositories
suitable for symbolic execution. In the second stage, the tool transforms the extracted
programs into compilable, stand-alone benchmarks by removing external dependencies and
nonlinear expressions. In the third stage, the benchmarks are verified and made available
for the user.

We have designed our transformation algorithms to remove program dependencies and nonlinear
expressions while preserving their semantics-equivalence in the abstraction of symbolic
analysis. That is, we want the information the analysis computes on the original program and
its transformed version to be equivalent. Our work provides static analysis researchers with
concise, compilable benchmark programs that are relevant to symbolic execution, allowing them
to focus their efforts on advancing analysis techniques. Furthermore, our work benefits the
software engineering community by enabling static analysis researchers to perform benchmarking
with a large, realistic set of programs, thus strengthening the empirical evidence of the
advancements in static program analysis.
A General Base of Power Transformation to Improve the Boundary Effect in Kernel Density without Shoulder Condition
Authors: Albadareen Baker Ishaq , Ismail Noriszura
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a general base of power transformation under the kernel method is suggested and applied in the line transect sampling to estimate abundance. The suggested estimator performs well at the boundary compared to the classical kernel estimator without using the shoulder condition assumption. The transformed estimator show smaller value of mean squared error and absolute bias from the efficiency results obtained using simulation.
A Comparative Study of Intraocular Pressure Measurement by Different Tonometer in Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Imamuddin Shaikh Kalamuddin , Khune Ajit Gulabrao , Balwir Dhiraj Namdeo
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Raised intraocular pressure is a well-known causative risk factor for the development of glaucoma. It is also the only component of glaucoma that is amenable to medical or surgical intervention, provided it is detected early enough. The measurement of intraocular pressure has evolved over time with the advent of a myriad of newer tonometers – one such being the non-contact tonometer. This study has been embarked upon with the objective of comparing the non-contact tonometer with the gold standard. Goldmann applanation tonometer versus the Schiotz tonometer, one of the most popularly used tonometers in the developing world. It also aims to establish the value of the non-contact tonometer as a screening tool. Materials and Methods: 200 purposively selected patients were subjected to three methods of tonometry; Goldmann applanation tonometry, Perkins Tonometry and Schiotz indentation tonometry (with the 5.5g, 7.5g and 10g weights); on both eyes. Three recordings were obtained with each method and the arithmetic mean taken as the intraocular pressure. The data was statistically analyzed using the intra-class correlation coefficient. Results: The non-contact tonometer showed excellent agreement with the Goldmann applanation tonometer compared to the Schiotz tonometer which showed only a fair agreement. Interestingly, the left eyes showed better agreement on noncontact tonometry than the right eyes, a phenomenon we attribute to apprehension of the patients on their first experience with the air puff. The non-contact tonometer also scored high as an effective screening tool. Conclusion: The non-contact tonometer compares favorably with the Goldmann applanation tonometer and can be reliably used as a screening tool. However, in view of the varying degrees of comparison between the two eyes, its role in monitoring glaucomatous eyes needs to be further evaluated.
Nasal Packing Using Merocel Pack and Merocel Pack with Tube to Study its Effects on Middle Ear Pressure and Hearing Threshold
Authors: Keluskar Prajakta Jivba , Burse Kiran
Published: June 2020

Background: Nasal packs are frequently used after nasal surgery for hemostasis and internal stabilization of bony and cartilaginous structures. Nasal packing causes lymphatic stasis in nasopharynx and around the opening of Eustachian Tube, which ultimately results in middle ear dysfunction. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the effect on Middle Ear Pressure and Hearing Threshold of Anterior Nasal Packing using Merocel Pack and Merocel Pack with Sialistic Tube. Methods: This is a non–randomised comparative interventional study which was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head & Neck surgery, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College for the period of two years from February 2017 to October 2018. 66 patients were selected. Results: 66 patients were studied. Out of 66 patients two groups were compared one with Merocel Pack with Tube and Merocel Pack without Tube. Statistically significant difference observed between pre and post operative middle ear pressure of patients of Merocel Pack with and without Tube. Out of 33 post operative patients of Merocel Pack without tube had mean middle ear pressure –61.12±23.56daPa and –58.4±29.23daPa for Right and Left Ear respectively. Whereas out of 33 post operative patients of Merocel Pack with Tube had –49.72±27.2daPa and –43.48±26.26daPa for Right and Left ear. Statistically significant difference observed between them for post operative patients of Merocel Pack with or without Tube for both Right and Left ear. Conclusion: There is post operatively increase in middle ear pressure transiently for few days with nasal pack in situ which returns to normal after pack removal. In this comparative study, middle ear pressure was found to be more negative in patients using Merocel Pack without tube as there was complete blockage of the nostrils of the patients. However, in Merocel Pack with Tube patients patient was able to breathe by nose through ventilating tube so middle ear pressure did not increase as that of without Tube patients. Also, patient felt symptomatically better with the Tube packing because of no mouth breathing post operatively.
Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Shah Miloni Suketu , Khune Ajit Gulabrao , Balwir Dhiraj Namdeo
Published: June 2020

Background: To conduct an effective ROP screening program according to the Indian standard needs and to identify the infants who could benefit from treatment and make appropriate recommendations on the timing of future screening. Aims and Objectives: To estimate the incidence of ROP among Premature infants. Materials and Methods: A Prospective Observational study of 2 years in which 170 patients were screened with following criteria: GA at birth of â‰¤35 weeks, BW <1700 gms, exposed to oxygen >30days, other factors that can increase the risk of ROP and where screening should be considered are premature babies >37 weeks and >1700gms but with the first screening was done within 4 weeks (30 days) of life in infants with age >28 weeks of GA, 2-3 weeks after birth if GA <28 weeks or BW is <1200gms. Results: Out of the 170 babies screened 35 babies had ROP. Incidence of ROP in our study was 20.59%. The sensitivity of AAP and UKRCPCH guidelines to ours were 77.14% and 60% respectively. Conclusion: ROP may be seen in heavier and larger babies in India that have consequently a shorter window period for development of ROP, Hence, a criteria screening even larger babies should be taken into consideration.
A Clinical and Histopathological Correlation among Leprosy Patients (in this Post Elimination Era) Attending Tertiary Referral Centre
Authors: Thombare Madhavi Maruti , Kote Rahul , Gugle Anil , Pawar Manoj , Kumavat Shrikant
Published: June 2020

Background: Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which chiefly affect skin and peripheral nerves. Leprosy expresses itself in different clinicopathological forms depending upon underlying immunity of the host. Histopathology is considered gold standard for accurate diagnosis especially in early disease, however, clinicopathological correlation is a must for appropriate diagnosis and classification of disease that will in-turn affect the treatment and overall prognosis of the patient. The present study of clinicohistopathological correlation among leprosy patients in this post elimination era was undertaken. Aims and objectives: To study the clinical and histopathological correlation among leprosy patients. Materials and Methods: Present study consists of 54 patients of newly diagnosed leprosy cases at Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Leprology from November 2016 to October 2018. Skin punch biopsy and slit skin smear taken from patients. Histopathological examination by staining with H&E and Fite-Faraco stain for tissue AFB and Ziehl-Neelsen staining of SSS for presence of AFB. Results: In this study, 35 cases (64.81%) showed clinicohistopathological concordance and 19 cases (35.19 %) were discordant according to Ridley-Jopling spectrum. Conclusion: Histology should be performed in all suspected patients of leprosy if feasible, for exact allocation of the patient across the spectrum for accurate treatment and to identify the vulnerable patients in borderline spectrum as they are prone for reactions, neuritis and thus deformities and it also aids in achieving terminal goal of leprosy elimination.
Spectrum of Non Neoplastic Skin Diseases: A Histopathology Based Clinicopathological Correlation Study at a Tertiary Health Care Centre
Authors: Bajaj Preeti , Waghachaure Sharad Ashok , Ukey Archana
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Skin biopsy probably is the most important ancillary aid to confirm clinical diagnosis. The interpretation of many skin biopsies requires the identification and integration of two different morphological features – the tissue reaction pattern and the pattern of inflammation. Aim: To correlate histopathological diagnosis with clinical diagnosis in various non neoplastic skin lesions. Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective and observational type of study. A total number of 197 participants were included after satisfying the eligibility criteria with due permission from Department of Dermatology. Only those patients who had given valid informed consent were included in the study. Results: Out of 197 biopsies studied, histopathological diagnosis in 167 biopsies (84.8%) was consistent with clinical diagnosis, while in 30 biopsies (15.2%) histopathological diagnosis was not consistent with clinical diagnosis. Conclusion: Out of 197 cases (M=111, F=86) biopsies studied, histopathological diagnosis was consistent with clinical diagnosis in 167 biopsies (84.8%), while in 30 biopsies (15.2%) the histopathological diagnosis was not consistent with clinical diagnosis. The skin biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis which can be supported with other techniques to confirm the diagnosis. This emphasizes the significance of histopathology in diagnosing non neoplastic skin disorders.
Diversity and Cohesion in International Schools in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Omaigan Abdulla
Published: June 2020

Conversations around national and global identity construction within international schools are rising in the field of international education. These conversations have taken place largely outside of the Middle Eastern context, and that of the United Arab Emirates, where some of the highest percentages of international migrants and residents in the world exist. For this reason, this research project explored various aspects of student identity which were then examined in relation to an international school in the emirate of Ras Al Khaimah. This perspective is important considering previous policy research in the region has demonstrated the importance of assessing and addressing local needs within the context of wider global trends. In this case, the diversity and cohesion that uniquely characterizes the region are taken as pivotal factors to explore the tensions between the global and the local within international schooling in Ras Al Khaimah. The findings are reported on this basis and respective policy recommendations are presented.
Development of Body Mass Index Growth Standard Chart for Chinese Preschool Children
Authors: TU Chunjing , JIANG Chongmin , ZHANG Sanhua , ZHANG Yan-feng , CAI Rui , WU Dongming , WANG Huan , HAN Xiaoming , XU Botong
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed to establish a reference standard of Body Mass Index (BMI) for the growth of preschool children in China. Methods: We monitored and obtained the height and weight of 50702 children aged 3-6 yr in 31 provinces in mainland China in 2014. The reference standard and percentile curve of BMI preschool children aged 3-6 yr old were formulated by using Lambda-Median-Sigma (LMS) method in China. Results: The common grounds of the male and female children were as follows: the percentile maps were similar in shape; the graphs of children aged 4-6 were approximately horn shaped. The differences between male and female children were as follows: the BMI values of male children in the same age group and the same percentile were higher than those of the female children. The change pattern of male children was larger than that of female children. BMI of 3 yr old and 6 yr old children was larger than those of 4 yr old and 5 yr old. During the change from low percentile to high percentile, the BMI values of Chinese male children exceeded WHO to a larger extent, and the BMI values of Chinese female children were substantially consistent with WHO, but the high percentile greater than P95 exceeded WHO. Conclusion: The BMI growth chart developed can be applied in monitoring the growth and nutrition of preschool children in China. We recommend the promotion of the results in the field of preventive health care.
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Assessing the Health of People Living in Environmentally Adverse Conditions
Authors: BEKMUKHAMBETOV Yerbol , MAMYRBAYEV Arstan , JARKENOV Timur , ABILOV Talgar , SULTANOVA Gulnar , ISAEVA Gulnar , ZHAILYBAYEV Mukhtar , URAZ Raisa
Published: June 2020

Background: The health status of the population of different ages was examined. Since children are very vulnerable to environmental factors, our goal was to examine their health status and compare them with those of the older population. Also one of the important tasks of our study was the installation of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children and adults of different sexes. Methods: During our research, we calculated the air pollution index, investigated the incidence statistics of the population, and calculated the lifetime average daily dose (LADD). We investigated the content of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, ammonium and hydrogen carbonates and compared it with safe level of exposure. Results: In Aktobe, the Republic of Kazakhstan the external environment is polluted with boron and chromium, and in Aktau - with organic hydrocarbons. High morbidity rates in adolescents were found for endocrine disorders, digestive system diseases, and musculoskeletal system disorders. Estimating the prevalence and incidence of newly diagnosed diseases among women in Aktau showed that the overall incidence rate, as well as the incidence of respiratory and skin diseases, declines with age. The incidence of the genitourinary system and the number of nervous disorders increase, and the number of neoplasms increases in men population. A study of carcinogenic risks showed that children with Aktau, especially boys, have the greatest risk of cancer. Conclusion: The conducted research shows that environmental factors have a big impact on the health of the population.
The Health Sector Evolution Plan and the Technical Efficiency of Public Hospitals in IranBackground: Iranian public hospitals have been excessively changing during the healthcare reform since 2014. This study aimed to examine the technical efficiency of p
Authors: KAKEMAM Edris , DARGAHI Hossein
Published: June 2020

Background: Iranian public hospitals have been excessively changing during the healthcare reform since 2014. This study aimed to examine the technical efficiency of public hospitals during before and after the implementation of Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) and to determine whether, and how, efficiency is affected by various factors. Methods: Forty-two public hospitals were selected in Tehran, Iran, from 2012 to 2016. Data envelopment analysis was employed to estimate the technical and scale efficiency sample hospitals. Tobit regression was used to relate the technical efficiency scores to seven explanatory variables in 2016, the last year. Results: Overall, 24 (57.1%), 26 (61.9%), 26 (61.9%), 24 (57.1%) and 21 (50%) of the 42 sample hospitals ran inefficiently in 2012 to 2016, with average technical efficiency of 0.859, 0.836, 0.845, 0.905 and 0.934, respectively. The average pure technical efficiency in sample hospitals increased from 0.860 in 2010 (before the HSEP) to 0.944 in 2012 (after the HSEP). Tobit regression showed that average length of stay had a negative impact on technical efficiency of hospitals. In addition, bed occupancy rate, ratio of beds to nurses and ratio of nurses to physicians assumed a positive sign with technical efficiency. Conclusion: Despite government support, public hospitals operated relatively inefficien. Managers can enhance technical efficiency by increasing bed occupancy rate through shortening the average length of stay, proportioning the number of doctors, nurses, and beds along with service quality assurance.
Prevalence of Hookah Smoking among University Students in Iran: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: KHODADOST Mahmoud , MAAJANI Khadije , ABBASI-GHAHRAMANLOO Abbas , NASERBAKHT Morteza , GHODUSI Ebrahim , SARVI Fatemeh , MOHAMMADZADEH Azar , MOTEVALIAN Seyed Abbas , HAJEBI Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Background: The rise in popularity of waterpipe smoking among younger people cause increase its deleterious effects on health in recent years. The aim of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of water-pipe smoking in university students in Iran. Methods: We performed the literature search from 1946 to January 21, 2019, in several international and national databases such as Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, Iranmedex, and IranPsych. To investigate the between-study heterogeneity we used the chi-squared test and I2 index. We used a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of water-pipe smoking. The potential source of heterogeneity was assessed by subgroup analysis and meta-regression. Results: According to the eligibility criteria, we included 37 relevant studies in our meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of lifetime water-pipe smoking was 25% (95% CI: 22-29) and in male and female subgroups was 37% (95%CI: 30-45), 17% (95%CI: 15-19) respectively. The pooled prevalence of water-pipe smoking in last year was 21% (95%CI: 16-25) and in last month was 8% (95%CI: 5-11). Results of meta-regression analysis showed that there was not any significant association between suspected variables and the prevalence of waterpipe smoking. Conclusion: The higher prevalence rate of water pipe smoking among university students indicates the emergency need for planning preventive program.
Expressions of miR-21 and miR-210 in Breast Cancer and Their Predictive Values for Prognosis
Authors: WU Xiaofei
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed to investigate the expressions of miR-21 and miR-210 in the breast cancer tissue and their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 68 patients with breast cancer treated surgically in Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military in 2014-2015. The breast cancer tissue and the adjacent normal tissue were collected from the patients. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-21 and miR-210 in the breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Results: According to qRT-PCR, the expression levels of miR-210 and miR-21 in the breast cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in the adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05), which were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, clinical staging and differentiation of patients (P<0.05). miR-21 and miR-210 were significantly positive correlated in both breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues (r=0.7014, 0.7502, P<0.001). The survival rate in the miR-210 high expression group was significantly lower than that in the miR210 low expression group (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between the miR-21 high and low expression groups. Conclusion: miR-21 and miR-210 are highly expressed in the breast cancer tissue and significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, clinical staging and differentiation. miR-210, the up-regulated expression of which is related to the poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer, may be a potential prognostic indicator for breast cancer, which can be used to judge the prognosis.