bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulcherriminic acid modulates iron availability and protects against oxidative stress during microbial interactions
Authors: Charron-Lamoureux Vincent , Haroune Lounès , Pomerleau Maude , Hall Léo , Orban Frédéric , Leroux Julie , Rizzi Adrien , Bourassa Jean-Sébastien , Fontaine Nicolas , d’Astous Élodie V. , Dauphin-Ducharme Philippe , Legault Claude Y. , Bellenger Jean-Philippe , Beauregard Pascale B.
Published: May 2023

Siderophores are soluble or membrane-embedded molecules that bind the oxidized form of iron, Fe(III), and play roles in iron acquisition by microorganisms. Fe(III)-bound siderophores bind to specific receptors that allow microbes to acquire iron. However, certain soil microbes release a compound (pulcherriminic acid, PA) that, upon binding to Fe(III), forms a precipitate (pulcherrimin) that apparently functions by reducing iron availability rather than contributing to iron acquisition. Here, we use Bacillus subtilis (PA producer) and Pseudomonas protegens as a competition model to show that PA is involved in a peculiar iron-managing system. The presence of the competitor induces PA production, leading to precipitation of Fe(III) as pulcherrimin, which prevents oxidative stress in B. subtilis by restricting the Fenton reaction and deleterious ROS formation. In addition, B. subtilis uses its known siderophore bacillibactin to retrieve Fe(III) from pulcherrimin. Our findings indicate that PA plays multiple roles by modulating iron availability and conferring protection against oxidative stress during inter-species competition.
Epitaxial growth of highly symmetrical branched noble metal-semiconductor heterostructures with efficient plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer
Authors: Zhai Li , Gebre Sara T. , Chen Bo , Xu Dan , Chen Junze , Li Zijian , Liu Yawei , Yang Hua , Ling Chongyi , Ge Yiyao , Zhai Wei , Chen Changsheng , Ma Lu , Zhang Qinghua , Li Xuefei , Yan Yujie , Huang Xinyu , Li Lujiang , Guan Zhiqiang , Tao Chen-Lei , Huang Zhiqi , Wang Hongyi , Liang Jinze , Zhu Ye , Lee Chun-Sing , Wang Peng , Zhang Chunfeng , Gu Lin , Du Yonghua , Lian Tianquan , Zhang Hua , Wu Xue-Jun
Published: May 2023

Epitaxial growth is one of the most commonly used strategies to precisely tailor heterostructures with well-defined compositions, morphologies, crystal phases, and interfaces for various applications. However, as epitaxial growth requires a small interfacial lattice mismatch between the components, it remains a challenge for the epitaxial synthesis of heterostructures constructed by materials with large lattice mismatch and/or different chemical bonding, especially the noble metal-semiconductor heterostructures. Here, we develop a noble metal-seeded epitaxial growth strategy to prepare highly symmetrical noble metal-semiconductor branched heterostructures with desired spatial configurations, i.e., twenty CdS (or CdSe) nanorods epitaxially grown on twenty exposed (111) facets of Ag icosahedral nanocrystal, albeit a large lattice mismatch (more than 40%). Importantly, a high quantum yield (QY) of plasmon-induced hot-electron transferred from Ag to CdS was observed in epitaxial Ag-CdS icosapods (18.1%). This work demonstrates that epitaxial growth can be achieved in heterostructures composed of materials with large lattice mismatches. The constructed epitaxial noble metal-semiconductor interfaces could be an ideal platform for investigating the role of interfaces in various physicochemical processes.
Mechanism of assembly, activation and lysine selection by the SIN3B histone deacetylase complex
Authors: Wan Mandy S. M. , Muhammad Reyhan , Koliopoulos Marios G. , Roumeliotis Theodoros I. , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Alfieri Claudio
Published: May 2023

Lysine acetylation in histone tails is a key post-translational modification that controls transcription activation. Histone deacetylase complexes remove histone acetylation, thereby repressing transcription and regulating the transcriptional output of each gene. Although these complexes are drug targets and crucial regulators of organismal physiology, their structure and mechanisms of action are largely unclear. Here, we present the structure of a complete human SIN3B histone deacetylase holo-complex with and without a substrate mimic. Remarkably, SIN3B encircles the deacetylase and contacts its allosteric basic patch thereby stimulating catalysis. A SIN3B loop inserts into the catalytic tunnel, rearranges to accommodate the acetyl-lysine moiety, and stabilises the substrate for specific deacetylation, which is guided by a substrate receptor subunit. Our findings provide a model of specificity for a main transcriptional regulator conserved from yeast to human and a resource of protein-protein interactions for future drug designs.
Structural basis for catalysis of human choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Yang Meng , Yang Yufan , He Yonglin , Qian Hongwu
Published: May 2023

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are two primary components of the eukaryotic membrane and play essential roles in the maintenance of membrane integrity, lipid droplet biogenesis, autophagosome formation, and lipoprotein formation and secretion. Choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1) catalyzes the last step of the biosynthesis of PC and PE in the Kennedy pathway by transferring the substituted phosphate group from CDP-choline/ethanolamine to diacylglycerol. Here, we present the cryo-EM structures of human CEPT1 and its complex with CDP-choline at resolutions of 3.7 Å and 3.8 Å, respectively. CEPT1 is a dimer with 10 transmembrane segments (TMs) in each protomer. TMs 1-6 constitute a conserved catalytic domain with an interior hydrophobic chamber accommodating a PC-like density. Structural observations and biochemical characterizations suggest that the hydrophobic chamber coordinates the acyl tails during the catalytic process. The PC-like density disappears in the structure of the complex with CDP-choline, suggesting a potential substrate-triggered product release mechanism.
A species-level trait dataset of bats in Europe and beyond
Authors: Froidevaux Jérémy S. P. , Toshkova Nia , Barbaro Luc , Benítez-López Ana , Kerbiriou Christian , Le Viol Isabelle , Pacifici Michela , Santini Luca , Stawski Clare , Russo Danilo , Dekker Jasja , Alberdi Antton , Amorim Francisco , Ancillotto Leonardo , Barré Kévin , Bas Yves , Cantú-Salazar Lisette , Dechmann Dina K. N. , Devaux Tiphaine , Eldegard Katrine , Fereidouni Sasan , Furmankiewicz Joanna , Hamidovic Daniela , Hill Davina L. , Ibáñez Carlos , Julien Jean-François , Juste Javier , Kaňuch Peter , Korine Carmi , Laforge Alexis , Legras Gaëlle , Leroux Camille , Lesiński Grzegorz , Mariton Léa , Marmet Julie , Mata Vanessa A. , Mifsud Clare M. , Nistreanu Victoria , Novella-Fernandez Roberto , Rebelo Hugo , Roche Niamh , Roemer Charlotte , Ruczyński Ireneusz , Sørås Rune , Uhrin Marcel , Vella Adriana , Voigt Christian C. , Razgour Orly
Published: May 2023

Knowledge of species’ functional traits is essential for understanding biodiversity patterns, predicting the impacts of global environmental changes, and assessing the efficiency of conservation measures. Bats are major components of mammalian diversity and occupy a variety of ecological niches and geographic distributions. However, an extensive compilation of their functional traits and ecological attributes is still missing. Here we present EuroBaTrait 1.0, the most comprehensive and up-to-date trait dataset covering 47 European bat species. The dataset includes data on 118 traits including genetic composition, physiology, morphology, acoustic signature, climatic associations, foraging habitat, roost type, diet, spatial behaviour, life history, pathogens, phenology, and distribution. We compiled the bat trait data obtained from three main sources: (i) a systematic literature and dataset search, (ii) unpublished data from European bat experts, and (iii) observations from large-scale monitoring programs. EuroBaTrait is designed to provide an important data source for comparative and trait-based analyses at the species or community level. The dataset also exposes knowledge gaps in species, geographic and trait coverage, highlighting priorities for future data collection.
Effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on the photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
Authors: Zhang Ruidong , Yue Zhongxiao , Chen Xiaofei , Huang Ruidong , Zhou Yufei , Cao Xiong
Published: May 2023

Various plants, including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), are exposed to waterlogging; however, little is known about the effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on sorghum. A pot experiment was conducted using two sorghum hybrids, Jinuoliang 01 (JN01) and Jinza 31 (JZ31), to investigate the effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on the photosynthesis enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, photosynthetic parameters, dry matter accumulation, and grain yield. The experiment was conducted using waterlogging treatments implemented at the five-leaf stage (T1), flowering stage (T2), and filling stage (T3), using standard management (no waterlogging) as a control (CK). The adverse effects of waterlogging on sorghum growth varied with the waterlogging timing, with the maximum impact at T1, followed by T2 and T3. JZ31 was more sensitive to waterlogging compared to JN01. Waterlogged conditions inhibited the photosynthetic enzyme activity and reduced the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, ultimately lowering the biomass yield and grain yield. The maximum yield loss was observed with the T1 waterlogging treatment; the grain yield of JN01 and JZ31 decreased by 52.01–54.58% and 69.52–71.97%, respectively, compared with CK. Furthermore, the decline in grain yield in T1 was associated with reducing grain number per panicle. These findings indicate that sorghum is sensitive to waterlogging at the five-leaf stage and JZ31 is more sensitive to waterlogging than JN01, which may provide a basis for selecting genotypes and management measures to cope with waterlogging in sorghum.
Numerical solution of an electrically conducting spinning flow of hybrid nanofluid comprised of silver and gold nanoparticles across two parallel surfaces
Authors: Alqahtani Aisha M. , Bilal Muhammad , Ali Aatif , Alsenani Theyab R. , Eldin Sayed M.
Published: May 2023

The analysis of the energy transport mechanism received much attention from scientists and researchers. Conventional fluids like vegetable oils, water, ethylene glycol, and transformer oil play a vital role in numerous industrial activities. In certain industrial operations, the low heat conductivity of base fluids causes significant difficulties. This inevitably led to the advancement of critical aspects of nanotechnology. The tremendous significance of nanoscience is in improving the thermal transfer process in different heating transmitting equipment. Therefore, the MHD spinning flow of hybrid nanofluid (HNF) across two permeable surfaces is reviewed. The HNF is made of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) in the ethylene glycol (EG). The modeled equations are non-dimensionalized and degraded to a set of ODEs through similarity substitution. The numerical procedure parametric continuation method (PCM) is used to estimate the 1st order set of differential equations. The significances of velocity and energy curves are derived versus several physical parameters. The results are revealed through Tables and Figures. It has been determined that the radial velocity curve declines with the varying values of the stretching parameter, Reynold number, and rotation factor while improving with the influence of the suction factor. Furthermore, the energy profile enhances with the rising number of Au and Ag-NPs in the base fluid.
Electrical impedance myography detects age-related skeletal muscle atrophy in adult zebrafish
Authors: Rutkove Seward B. , Callegari Santiago , Concepcion Holly , Mourey Tyler , Widrick Jeffrey , Nagy Janice A. , Nath Anjali K.
Published: May 2023

Age-related deficits in skeletal muscle function, termed sarcopenia, are due to loss of muscle mass and changes in the intrinsic mechanisms underlying contraction. Sarcopenia is associated with falls, functional decline, and mortality. Electrical impedance myography (EIM)—a minimally invasive, rapid electrophysiological tool—can be applied to animals and humans to monitor muscle health, thereby serving as a biomarker in both preclinical and clinical studies. EIM has been successfully employed in several species; however, the application of EIM to the assessment of zebrafish—a model organism amenable to high-throughput experimentation—has not been reported. Here, we demonstrated differences in EIM measures between the skeletal muscles of young (6 months of age) and aged (33 months of age) zebrafish. For example, EIM phase angle and reactance at 2 kHz showed significantly decreased phase angle (5.3 ± 2.1 versus 10.7 ± 1.5°; p = 0.001) and reactance (89.0 ± 3.9 versus 172.2 ± 54.8 ohms; p = 0.007) in aged versus young animals. Total muscle area, in addition to other morphometric features, was also strongly correlated to EIM 2 kHz phase angle across both groups (r = 0.7133, p = 0.01). Moreover, there was a strong correlation between 2 kHz phase angle and established metrics of zebrafish swimming performance, including turn angle, angular velocity, and lateral motion (r = 0.7253, r = 0.7308, r = 0.7857, respectively, p < 0.01 for all). In addition, the technique was shown to have high reproducibility between repeated measurements with a mean percentage difference of 5.34 ± 1.17% for phase angle. These relationships were also confirmed in a separate replication cohort. Together, these findings establish EIM as a fast, sensitive method for quantifying zebrafish muscle function and quality. Moreover, identifying the abnormalities in the bioelectrical properties of sarcopenic zebrafish provides new opportunities to evaluate potential therapeutics for age-related neuromuscular disorders and to interrogate the disease mechanisms of muscle degeneration.
External validation of a radiomic signature to predict p16 (HPV) status from standard CT images of anal cancer patients
Authors: Leijenaar Ralph T. H. , Walsh Sean , Akshayaa Vaidyanathan  , Aliboni Lorenzo , Sanchez Victoria Lopez , Leech Michelle , Joyce Ronan , Gillham Charles , Kridelka Frédéric , Hustinx Roland , Danthine Denis , Occhipinti Mariaelena , Vos Wim , Guiot Julien , Lambin Philippe , Lovinfosse Pierre
Published: May 2023

The paper deals with the evaluation of the performance of an existing and previously validated CT based radiomic signature, developed in oropharyngeal cancer to predict human papillomavirus (HPV) status, in the context of anal cancer. For the validation in anal cancer, a dataset of 59 patients coming from two different centers was collected. The primary endpoint was HPV status according to p16 immunohistochemistry. Predefined statistical tests were performed to evaluate the performance of the model. The AUC obtained here in anal cancer is 0.68 [95% CI (0.32–1.00)] with F1 score of 0.78. This signature is TRIPOD level 4 (57%) with an RQS of 61%. This study provides proof of concept that this radiomic signature has the potential to identify a clinically relevant molecular phenotype (i.e., the HPV-ness) across multiple cancers and demonstrates potential for this radiomic signature as a CT imaging biomarker of p16 status.
Retinal image enhancement based on color dominance of image
Authors: C Priyadharsini , R Jagadeesh Kannan
Published: May 2023

Real-time fundus images captured to detect multiple diseases are prone to different quality issues like illumination, noise, etc., resulting in less visibility of anomalies. So, enhancing the retinal fundus images is essential for a better prediction rate of eye diseases. In this paper, we propose Lab color space-based enhancement techniques for retinal image enhancement. Existing research works does not consider the relation between color spaces of the fundus image in selecting a specific channel to perform retinal image enhancement. Our unique contribution to this research work is utilizing the color dominance of an image in quantifying the distribution of information in the blue channel and performing enhancement in Lab space followed by a series of steps to optimize overall brightness and contrast. The test set of the Retinal Fundus Multi-disease Image Dataset is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed enhancement technique in identifying the presence or absence of retinal abnormality. The proposed technique achieved an accuracy of 89.53 percent.
Light outcoupling strategies in oriented perovskite light-emitting-diodes: recent trends, opportunities, and challenges toward innovation
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Imran , Choi Rino , Lee Jeong-Hwan
Published: May 2023

The engineering of the refractive index, transition dipole moments, the integration of photonic structures, and the photon-recycling process are the representative strategies to improve the outcoupling in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs).
A to Z of polymorphs related by proton transfer
Authors: Woods-Ryan Amy , Doherty Cheryl L. , Cruz-Cabeza Aurora J.
Published: May 2023

In mining the CSD we identified a total of 95 families of polymorphs related by proton transfer which were classified into six different categories depending on the type of proton transfer observed and the ionisation of species involved.
Dynamics of nucleophilic substitution on ambident nucleophiles CN− and iodomethane: insights into the competition mechanism with neutral isomeric products
Authors: Liu Xu , Tian Shiqi , Pang Boxue , Li Hui , Wu Yang
Published: May 2023

Our trajectory simulations reveal a preference for CH3CN over CH3NC at 300 K, with a ratio of 0.93 : 0.07, for the ambident nucleophile CN− and CH3I reaction, which makes it difficult to measure experimentally.
Pressure-induced stability and superconductivity in LuH12 polyhydrides
Authors: Du Junyi , Sun Weiguo , Li Xiaofeng , Peng Feng
Published: May 2023

The phase stability and superconductivity of lutetium polyhydrides under pressure were systematically explored via particle swarm optimization.
Investigation of electrical transport properties in solution-processed Bi2Se3–AgMnOOH nanocomposite
Authors: Chakraborty Rishika , Das Sutanu , Rudra Siddheswar , Nayak Arpan Kumar , Maji Pradip K. , Nandi Upendranath , Pradhan Mukul
Published: May 2023

A novel Bi2Se3–AgMnOOH nanocomposite is preparedvialow-temperature solution-phase synthesis. The electrical transport properties are systematically examined and highlighted for both Ohmic and non-Ohmic regions.
ZnSe and ZnTe as tunnel barriers for Fe-based spin valves
Authors: Shukla Gokaran , Abdullah Hasan M. , Ray Avijeet , Tyagi Shubham , Manchon Aurélien , Sanvito Stefano , Schwingenschlögl Udo
Published: May 2023

Owing to their use in the optoelectronic industry, we investigate whether ZnSe and ZnTe can be utilised as tunnel barrier materials in magnetic spin valves.
On the existence of CO32− microsolvated clusters: a theoretical study
Authors: Rublev Pavel , Tkachenko Nikolay V. , Dub Pavel A. , Boldyrev Alexander I.
Published: May 2023

Microsolvated clusters of the carbonate dianion were investigated from the first principles and were shown to be semi-stable, although challenging to observe experimentally. These results are important for atmospheric chemistry and ocean acidification processes.
Halloysite nanotubes enhance the mechanical properties and thermal stability of iridescent cellulose nanocrystal films
Authors: Gao Huan , Soto Miguel A. , Szymkowiak Joanna K. , Andrew Lucas J. , Hamad Wadood Y. , MacLachlan Mark J.
Published: May 2023

Halloysite–cellulose nanocrystal composite films with photonic properties have been prepared and investigated.
A Lewis acid–base paired InBO3 catalyst: synthesis and high selectivity for isopropanol dehydrogenation
Authors: Sun Yurong , Gao Wenliang , Yang Tao
Published: May 2023

Due to the substantial Lewis basicity at their surface, InBO3 nanoparticles prepared using a solvothermal method predominantly exhibit acetone selectivity during the catalytic conversion of isopropanol at elevated temperatures.
Phenolato Ti(iv) hexacoordinate complexes for anticancer chemotherapy: enhancement of solubility, hydrolytic stability, and cytotoxicity
Authors: Taha Mohammad , Tshuva Edit Y.
Published: May 2023

Five titanium(iv) phenolato complexes were synthesized and fully characterized, and they showed high cytotoxicity, high hydrolytic stability, and enhanced solubility. The halogenated derivatives are identified as the most promising drug candidates.
V-doped Ni2P nanoparticle grafted g-C3N4 nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under visible light
Authors: Chen Qian , Huang Jianfeng , Xiao Ting , Cao Liyun , Liu Dinghan , Li Xiaoyi , Niu Mengfan , Xu Guoting , Kajiyoshi Koji , Feng Liangliang
Published: May 2023

A new type of V-Ni2P nanoparticle grafted g-C3N4 nanosheet photocatalyst is successfully prepared and it exhibits high photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under visible light.
1D hybrid metal coordination polymer-derived hierarchical Co1−xS/MnS/NC nanowires for advanced sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Haibin , Chen Lantao , Xu Feng , Zhang Yufei , Fan Haosen
Published: May 2023

Hierarchical Co1-xS/MnS/NC nanowires were prepared by a simple hydrothermal reaction and subsequent annealing of its 1D coordination polymer precursors, which can maintain 612.9 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g−1 and 544.6 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1.0 A g−1 for SIBs.
Characterizing the marine mammal exposome by iceberg modeling, linking chemical analysis and in vitro bioassays
Authors: Reiter Eva B. , Escher Beate I. , Rojo-Nieto Elisa , Nolte Hannah , Siebert Ursula , Jahnke Annika
Published: May 2023

The analysis of mixtures of environmental contaminants from marine mammal organs revealed distinct distribution patterns for single compounds. The combination of chemical analysis and bioassays can comprehensively characterize the mixture exposome.
Hydrolysis of pea protein differentially modulates its effect on iron bioaccessibility, sulfur availability, composition and activity of gut microbial communities in vitro
Authors: Zhang Yianna Y. , Stockmann Regine , Ng Ken , Ajlouni Said
Published: May 2023

Both plant proteins and iron supplements can demonstrate high susceptibility to escape small intestinal digestion and absorption, hence are often present throughout colonic fermentation.
Urinary excretion of organosulfur compounds after acute ingestion of black onion
Authors: Moreno-Ortega Alicia , Ludwig Iziar A. , Motilva María-José , Moreno-Rojas José Manuel , Pereira-Caro Gema
Published: May 2023

Study on the urinary excretion of organosulfur compounds after acute ingestion of black onion, a newly derived product from onion (Allium cepa L.).
Interfacing centrifugal microfluidics with linear-oriented 8-tube strips and multichannel pipettes for increased throughput of digital assays
Authors: Lai Yu-Kai , Kao Yu-Ting , Hess Jacob Friedrich , Calabrese Silvia , von Stetten Felix , Paust Nils
Published: May 2023

We present a centrifugal microfluidic cartridge for the eight-fold parallel generation of monodisperse water-in-oil droplets using standard laboratory equipment.
Novel delivery system: a liquid crystal emulsion containing HSO crystals
Authors: Ding Lin , Li Hanglin , Ye Zhicheng , Shang Yazhuo , Wang Xiong , Liu Honglai
Published: May 2023

The combination of strengthened lamellar liquid crystal at the oil-water interface and the HSO crystal network inside the droplet endowed the emulsion with excellent sustainable release property.
Copper(i)-catalyzed electrophilic thiocyanation/dearomatization/spirocyclization of benzofurans to synthesize benzannulated spiroketals
Authors: He Ying , Wang Qing , Yin Hongquan , Chen Fu-Xue
Published: May 2023

An electrophilic dearomatizative thiocyanation/spirocyclization of benzofurans withN-thiocyanatosuccinimide has been accomplished by Lewis acid catalysis with CuOTf under mild conditions.
Palladium-catalyzed regioselective decarboxylative hydroarylation of alkynyl carboxylic acids with arylboronic acids
Authors: Dong Zheng , Tong Ren-Jie , Xu Lei , Xu Hua-Jian , Xu Jun
Published: May 2023

A novel Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative hydroarylation of alkynyl carboxylic acids with arylboronic acids has been developed to synthesize (deuterated) 1,1-disubstituted alkenes.
B(C6F5)3-catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H alkylation of tertiary amines with 2-aryl-3H-indol-3-ones
Authors: Zou Chang-Peng , Ma Tao , Qiao Xiu-Xiu , Wu Xi-Xi , Li Ganpeng , He Yonghui , Zhao Xiao-Jing
Published: May 2023

Herein, we describe a B(C6F5)3-catalyzed redox-neutral β-functionalization of tertiary amines with cyclic-ketimines, achieving various 1,3-diamines containing the indolin-3-one moietyviathe borrowing hydrogen strategy.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activatable small molecule-based prodrugs for cancer theranostics
Authors: Tyagi Kartikay , Kumari Reena , Venkatesh V.
Published: May 2023

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activatable prodrugs are synthesized which exhibited improved selectivity, aqueous solubility, and anticancer potency compared to parent drug molecules.
A regioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 2-benzylidene-1-indenones with functional olefins to access indanone-fused 2D/3D skeletons
Authors: Deng Yi-Hang , Zhang Chuan-Bao , Sun Jun-Jie , Xu Wen-Li , Fu Ji-Ya
Published: May 2023

The regioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 2-benzylidene-1-indenones with functional olefins was established with DABCO as a base under mild conditions.
Catalyst-free C(sp3)–H functionalization of methyl azaarenes with heteroaromatic trifluoromethyl ketone hydrates: “all-water” synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl tertiary alcohols
Authors: Wang Wei , Qin Zhaoliang , Zhang Xinhui , Zhao Wanxiang , Yang Wen
Published: May 2023

An efficient catalyst-free C(sp3)–H functionalization of methyl azaarenes with heteroaromatic trifluoromethyl ketone hydrates in neat water for the synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl tertiary alcohols has been developed.
From thermoplastic polyurethane to covalent adaptable network via reversible photo-crosslinking of a biobased chain extender synthesized from caffeic acid
Authors: Duval Antoine , Avérous Luc
Published: May 2023

Thermoplastic polyurethane was synthesized from biobased caffeic acid and reversibly crosslinked by [2 + 2] photocycloaddition.
Unprecedented perspectives on the application of CinNapht fluorophores provided by a “late-stage” functionalization strategy
Authors: Tacke Eléonore , Hoang Minh-Duc , Tatoueix Kevin , Keromnes Benoît , Van Eslande Elsa , Durand Philippe , Pieters Gregory , Chevalier Arnaud
Published: May 2023

A simple and easy-to-implement process based on a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction with a wide variety of nucleophiles on a fluorinated CinNapht offers unprecedented perspectives.
Magnetic hysteresis and large coercivity in bisbenzimidazole radical-bridged dilanthanide complexes
Authors: Benner Florian , La Droitte Léo , Cador Olivier , Le Guennic Boris , Demir Selvan
Published: May 2023

Unprecedented bisbenzimidazole (Bbim)3−˙ radical-bridged dilanthanide complexes were isolated where the dysprosium congener features magnetic memory effect and the second highest coercive field for any organic radical-bridged dinuclear compound.
Kinetic data for modeling the dynamics of the enzymes involved in animal fatty acid synthesis
Authors: Foko Kuate Chilperic Armel , Ebenhöh Oliver , Bakker Barbara M. , Raguin Adélaïde
Published: May 2023

The synthesis and modification of fatty acids (FAs) from carbohydrates are paramount for the production of lipids. Simultaneously, lipids are pivotal energy storage in human health. They are associated with various metabolic diseases and their production pathways are for instance candidate therapeutic targets for cancer treatments. The fatty acid de novo synthesis (FADNS) occurs in the cytoplasm, while the microsomal modification of fatty acids (MMFA) happens at the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The kinetics and regulation of these complex processes involve several enzymes. In mammals, the main ones are the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), the fatty acid synthase (FAS), the very-long-chain fatty acid elongases (ELOVL 1–7), and the desaturases (delta family). Their mechanisms and expression in different organs have been studied for more than 50 years. However, modeling them in the context of complex metabolic pathways is still a challenge. Distinct modeling approaches can be implemented. Here, we focus on dynamic modeling using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) based on kinetic rate laws. This requires a combination of knowledge on the enzymatic mechanisms and their kinetics, as well as the interactions between the metabolites, and between enzymes and metabolites. In the present review, after recalling the modeling framework, we support the development of such a mathematical approach by reviewing the available kinetic information of the enzymes involved.
Insulin secretory actions of ethanolic extract of Acacia arabica bark in high fat-fed diet-induced obese Type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Ansari Prawej , Islam Sara S. , Akther Samia , Khan Joyeeta T. , Shihab Jaber A. , Abdel-Wahab Yasser H. A.
Published: May 2023

Acacia arabica commonly known as ‘babul’ has been widely used for the treatment of numerous diseases, including diabetes due to their potential pharmacological actions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties of ethanol extract of Acacia arabica (EEAA) bark through in vitro and in vivo studies in high fat-fed (HFF) rats. EEAA at 40–5000 µg/ml significantly increased (P<0.05–0.001) insulin secretion with 5.6 and 16.7 mM glucose, respectively, from clonal pancreatic BRIN BD11 β-cells. Similarly, EEAA at 10–40 µg/ml demonstrated a substantial (P<0.05–0.001) insulin secretory effect with 16.7 mM glucose from isolated mouse islets, with a magnitude comparable to 1 µM glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Diazoxide, verapamil, and calcium-free conditions decreased insulin secretion by 25–26%. The insulin secretory effect was further potentiated (P<0.05–0.01) with 200 µM isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX; 1.5-fold), 200 µM tolbutamide (1.4-fold), and 30 mM KCl (1.4-fold). EEAA at 40 µg/ml, induced membrane depolarization and elevated intracellular Ca2+ as well as increased (P<0.05–0.001) glucose uptake in 3T3L1 cells and inhibited starch digestion, glucose diffusion, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme activity, and protein glycation by 15–38%, 11–29%, 15–64%, and 21–38% (P<0.05, 0.001), respectively. In HFF rats, EEAA (250 mg/5 ml/kg) improved glucose tolerance, plasma insulin, and GLP-1 levels, and lowered DPP-IV enzyme activity. Phytochemical screening of EEAA revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and anthraquinone. These naturally occurring phytoconstituents may contribute to the potential antidiabetic actions of EEAA. Thus, our finding suggests that EEAA, as a good source of antidiabetic constituents, would be beneficial for Type 2 diabetes patients.
A day‐ahead optimal scheduling model of an integrated energy system for a facility agricultural–industrial park
Authors: Chen Wei , Chang Xuewu , Li Jianing
Published: May 2023

The widespread use of biogas and biomass fuels in facility agro‐industrial parks has led to a significant increase in their carbon emissions. A day‐ahead optimal scheduling model for an integrated energy system (IES) is proposed, that considers the coupling of biomass and power to gas (P2G) to reduce carbon emissions during the operation of an industrial park. The proposed model incorporates the two evaluation indices of the economy of and carbon emissions by the IES of the park, and formulates and solves a multi‐objective optimization problem by using the ε‐constraint method. From among the solutions to the Pareto front, we choose the scheduling strategy that delivers the optimal performance in case of multiple objectives by using the fuzzy decision method. Finally, the validity of the proposed model was verified by considering the IES of an agriculture–industrial park in the northwest region of China.
Propagation of Alfvén waves in the dusty interstellar medium
Authors: Hennebelle Patrick , Lebreuilly Ugo
Published: May 2023

Context. Alfvén waves are fundamental magnetized modes that play an important role in the dynamics of magnetized flows such as the interstellar medium (ISM).

Aims. In a weakly ionized medium, their propagation critically depends on the ionization rate as well as on the charge carriers. Depending on the gas density, these may be ions, electrons, or dust grains. The latter are particularly well known to have a drastic influence on the magnetic resistivities in the dense ISM, such as collapsing dense cores. Yet, in most calculations, for numerical reasons, the grain inertia is usually neglected.

Methods. We carried out an analytical investigation of the propagation of Alfvén waves both in a single-size and multi-size grain medium such as the ISM and we obtained exact expressions giving wavenumbers as a function of wave frequencies. These expressions were then solved analytically or numerically by taking into account or neglecting grain inertia.

Results. At long wavelengths, neglecting grain inertia is a very good approximation, however, the situation is rather different for wavelengths shorter than a critical value, which broadly scaled as 1/n, with n being the gas density. More precisely, when inertia is neglected, the waves do not propagate at short wavelengths or, due to the Hall effect, they develop for one circular polarization only, namely, a whistler mode such that ℛe(ω) ∝ k2. The other polarization presents a zero group velocity, namely, ℛe(ω) ∝ k0. When grain inertia is accounted for, the propagation of the two polarizations tend to be more symmetrical and the whistler mode is only present at density higher than ≃108 cm−3. At a lower density, it is replaced by a mode having ℛe(ω) ∝ k≃1.2. Interestingly, one of the polarization presents a distribution, instead of a single ω value. Importantly, for short wavelengths, wave damping is considerably reduced when inertia is properly accounted for.

Conclusions. To properly handle the propagation of Alfvén waves at short wavelengths, it is necessary to self-consistently treat grain inertia. We discuss the possible consequences this may have in the context of diffuse and dense molecular gas regarding turbulence, magnetic braking, and protoplanetary disk formation as well as cosmic ray propagation in the dense ISM.
Evidence of a common origin for the Virgo overdensity and Hercules-Aquila Cloud from abundances and orbital parameters
Authors: Yan H. H. , Shi W. B. , Chen Y. Q. , Zhao J. K. , Zhao G.
Published: May 2023

Aims. The Virgo overdensity (VOD) and the Hercules-Aquila cloud (HAC) may have originated from the same accretion event. In this work, we use K giants from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) survey to further investigate their potentially common origins.

Methods. We selected member stars in the VOD and HAC regions from the K giant sample of LAMOST DR5 and cross-matched them with results from the literature to obtain their elemental abundances. The orbital characteristics, namely, eccentricity, apocenter distance, energy, and angular momentum were compared between the member stars in the VOD and HAC regions. Then, we investigated the relationship between the VOD and HAC from the perspective of chemical evolution through a comparison of the distributions of elemental abundances in these two regions.

Results. By studying the orbital parameters of the members in VOD and HAC, we find that the distribution of the orbital eccentricity, apocenter, and maximum height from the Galactic disk of the members of these two regions are very consistent. They are both on orbits of low angular momentum and high energy. Their density distributions in the spatial position are also similar based on an integration of the last 8 Gyr of their orbits. We also found that these two structures have similar distributions in [Fe/H] and other elemental abundances. Based on the similarity of the orbital properties and the consistency of the chemical abundances, we suggest that these two structures may have come from the merger of the same dwarf galaxy, such as the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE). Also, part of the VOD may originate from Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) debris that had been stripped 3 Gyr ago.
A posteriori error estimates for the Large Eddy Simulation applied to incompressible fluids
Authors: Nassreddine Ghina , Omnes Pascal , Sayah Toni
Published: May 2023

We study the two dimensional time dependent Large Eddy Simulation method applied to the incompressible Navier–Stokes system with Smagorinsky’s eddy viscosity model and a filter width that depends on the local mesh size. The discrete model is based on the implicit Euler scheme and a conforming finite element method for the time and space discretizations, respectively. We establish a reliable and efficient a posteriori error estimation between the numerical LES solution and the exact solution of the original Navier–Stokes system, which involves three types of error indicators respectively related to the filter and to the discretizations in time and space. Numerical results show the effectiveness of adaptive simulations
Radiation doses to non-human species after the Fukushima accident and comparison with ICRP’s DCRLs: A systematic qualitative review
Authors: Takada M. , Schneider T.
Published: May 2023

This study reviewed publications on radiation dose estimations for non-human species after the 2011 Fukushima nuclear power plant accident and discussed the accident’s potential effects on the environment. Articles published from 2011 to December 2022 in online database were manually searched, and 27 eligible articles were identified. The estimated doses were summarized according to reference animals and plants and derived consideration reference levels (DCRLs) from ICRP Publication 108. Most estimated dose rates were on or below DCRL bands, but several greatly exceeded the DCRLs, mainly immediately after the accident. Half of the articles focused on dose estimation, but 13 also contained assessments of radiation effects. Effects such as chromosomal aberrations, morphological abnormalities, and population decline, were observed and the observed effects corresponding to estimated dose rates were implied in agreement with DCRL. Although a broader integration of knowledge is needed to obtain more robust data on environmental effects and improve environmental protection systems, our review contributes to refining the objectives of the environmental radiological protection approach.
Research on Regional Cultural Consumption Variability and its Influencing Factors in China in the New Era
Authors: Liu Yuhang
Published: May 2023

In the new era, cultural consumption has become an important aspect of promoting economic development, and how to correctly grasp the development direction of cultural industry and the direction of consumption is the key to achieving a modern and strong country. This paper uses the cultural consumption data of 31 provinces nationwide from 2015 to 2019 to analyze the current situation of cultural consumption and analyze the differences in cultural consumption and its influencing factors among regions nationwide. The study shows that the value added of cultural industry, GDP per capita and disposable income per capita have significant positive effects on regional cultural consumption levels, the consumer price index has a significant inverse effect on regional cultural consumption levels, the education level per capita has the most significant effect on regional cultural consumption differences, and government input has less influence on regional cultural consumption levels. Therefore, in order to further improve the level of cultural consumption in China, we should focus on regions with slightly backward economy, increase the government’s financial investment in cultural industry, improve the system, and at the same time, continuously improve the cultural literacy of residents and increase their income to jointly promote cultural development.
Research on post-epidemic brand co-branding based on big data -- take Zhouheiya store as an example
Authors: Liu Lin , Tu Dong
Published: May 2023

2020 is bound to be a difficult year. The rapid spread of COVID-19 has had a huge impact on public life, public health and even the entire industry. But at the same time, online services are also on the rise. As the most active marketing method in the Internet era, brand co-branding still played a role during the epidemic. At present, China has achieved phased victory in the epidemic prevention campaign, and we have also ushered in the post-epidemic era of small-scale outbreaks. Many brands in the post-epidemic era, as the main victims of the epidemic, are also constantly exploring new ways of brand co-branding. In this case, in order to find a new method for the brand co-branding of Zhouheiyadian in Wuhan in the new era, the author will analyze the factors that affect the development of the regional brand co-branding of Zhouheiyadian in the form of big data and questionnaires: first, analyze the factors, classifications and policies that affect the regional brand from the four aspects of packaging, brand, marketing and service, and put forward suggestions; Secondly, it analyzes the factors that affect regional brands, and puts forward suggestions from three aspects: convenience of purchase, reputation and selectivity; The third is to analyze the factors affecting regional brands from three aspects of purchase price, brand and publicity mode, and put forward suggestions to find brand co-branding forms suitable for the post-epidemic era.
Den ethischen Kompass im Blick – Werteaspekte in der Digitalisierung
Authors: Kemper Claudia
Published: May 2023

Digitale Interventionen bieten viele Chancen, können aber auch einen ethischen Schaden mit sich bringen, indem sie zum Beispiel die Selbstbestimmung einschränken oder Ungerechtigkeiten in der Versorgung verstärken. Daher ist der Umgang mit Wertefragen unumgänglich, möchte man den ethischen Kompass in der Gesundheitsversorgung nicht aus dem Blick verlieren.
Synthesis of 2-Pyrones from Renewable Resources
Authors: Reiser Oliver , Dobler Daniel , Leitner Michael , Kreitmeier Peter
Published: May 2023

An atom-economic reaction sequence on a multigram scale for synthesizing 2-pyrone was developed starting from furfuryl alcohol, a renewable resource made from bran or bagasse, utilizing a large-scale thermal rearrangement of cyclopentadienone epoxide as the key step. Additionally, 6-substituted 2-pyrone natural product derivatives are readily accessible by this approach.
An Effective Additive for Introducing the Triazole Unit of Ensitrelvir: Combination of LiCl and Et3N to Easily Generate Lithium Triazinolate
Authors: Ohashi Eisaku , Sahara Naoto , Hirano Yoichi , Hosoya Masahiro , Takahashi Yusaku , Tsuno Naoki
Published: May 2023

An efficient and robust method was developed to introduce the triazole unit of Ensitrelvir, a COVID-19 therapeutic agent. One of the key steps is introducing the triazole unit in the triazinone with Cs2CO3 and KI in a heterogeneous system. Detailed reaction screening revealed that addition of LiCl allowed the reaction to proceed quantitatively in the presence of inexpensive Et3N, and the selectivity of the N-alkylation was greatly improved. The key to promoting the reaction is the mild formation of the lithium triazinolate accompanied by precipitation of Et3N·HCl (the only insoluble matter in this reaction). Dissolving all the substrates and reagents should contribute to further improvement of the process robustness.
The diachronic change of research article abstract difficulty across disciplines: a cognitive information-theoretic approach
Authors: Zhao Xi , Li Li , Xiao Wei
Published: May 2023

Text difficulty refers to the ease with which a text can be read and understood, and the difficulty of research article abstracts has long been a hot topic. Previous studies have found that research article abstracts are difficult to read in general and that abstracts have gradually become more and more difficult. However, the widely used measurements, such as FRE and SMOG, have long been criticized in that they use only simplistic and surface-level indicators as proxies for complex cognitive processes of reading, and the sophisticated cognitive theory and Natural Language Processing/machine learning-based methods seem not that easy to use and interpret. A theoretically sound and methodologically neat measurement of text difficulty should be called for. Besides, the diachronic changes of abstract difficulty across disciplines have been under-researched. To address these issues, this study adopted a cognitive information-theoretic approach to investigate the diachronic change of text difficulty of research article abstracts across the areas of natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. 1890 abstracts were sampled over a period of 21 years, and two indexes, i.e. entropy from information theory and mean dependency distance from cognitive science, were employed for the calculation of cognitive encoding/decoding difficulty. The results show that in general, the cognitive encoding difficulty of abstracts has been increasing in the past two decades, while the cognitive decoding difficulty of abstracts has been decreasing. Regarding the disciplinary variations, the humanities show no significant diachronic change in encoding difficulty, and the social sciences show no significant diachronic change in decoding difficulty. These phenomena can be attributed to the traits of abstracts, the nature of academic knowledge, the cognitive mechanism in human languages and the features of different disciplines. This study has implications for the innovations in theories and methods of measurement of text difficulty, as well as an in-depth understanding of the disciplinary variations in academic writing and the essence of research article abstracts for research article writers, readers, the scientific community, and academic publishers.
Experimental investigation on compressor performance in compressed air energy storage system under variable working conditions
Authors: Xu Yonghong , Zhu Qingsong , Zhang Hongguang , Lv Jiangyi , Zhang Jian , Yang Fubin , Yan Dong , Wu Yuting
Published: May 2023

Compressed air energy storage system has the advantages of high reliability, low cost, flexible layout, and negligible environmental impact. Meanwhile, the low efficiency of compressed air energy storage system is a key obstacle currently faced by researchers all around the world. Compressor and expander are the key components of compressed air energy storage system; thus, their efficiency directly affects the compressed air energy storage system efficiency. In order to improve the economic performance of compressed air energy storage system, this study proposes an expander/compressor integration based on pneumatic motor. The overall performance of the compressor under dynamic conditions, which are represented by the pressure change of the air tank and the load fluctuation, is investigated through experiments. The effect of torque, air tank pressure, mass flow rate, and rotating speed on compressor power consumption and energy conversion efficiency are studied. The experimental results show that the power consumed by the compressor increases with the increasing of torque, air tank pressure, mass flow rate, and rotating speed. When the rotation speed is 2700 r/min and the torque is 4 N·m, the work consumed by the compressor reaches the maximum value of approximately 1095 W. The maximum energy efficiency value of η1, η2, η3, and η4 are approximately 73.7%, 90%, 56.8%, and 52%, respectively.