bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تحديات في تطبيق الاعتماد الأكاديمي بالتعليم العالي في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: عبدالله نضال عداس عبدالله نضال عداس
Published: March 2021

يشهد التعليم العالي السعودي تغيرات سريعة لمواكبة رؤية المملكة العربية السعودية 2030. وتشير أهداف برنامج التحول الوطني، التي تهدف إلى تحقيق الرؤية، إلى التأكيد والاعتراف بأهمية التعليم، والاهتمام الواضح بجودة مخرجاته. وفي هذا الشأن، توصي وزارة التعليم الجامعات بالسعي للحصول على الاعتماد المؤسسي والبرامجي من الهيئــــة الوطنيــــة للتقـويــم والاعـــتــمـــاد الأكــاديــمــــي. هذه الهيئة هي هيئة مستقلة ترفع تقاريرها مباشرةً إلى المجلس الأعلى للجامعات. وكشفت المطالبات الأخيرة بالاعتماد البرامجي بالجامعات السعودية عن تدني الشعور بالحماس لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس تجاه عملية الاعتماد. وبدأ تطبيق هذه العملية على البرنامج الدراسي لبكالوريوس عمارة البيئة في 2017م. ومن خلال استخدام هذا البرنامج كحالة دراسية، تستعرض هذه الورقة البحثية مراحل عملية الاعتماد ومتطلباتها، كما تبرز التحديات التي تظهر أثناء العملية، والتي تشمل غياب الفهم والوعي ومقاومة التغيير، وتضمنت المنهجية العملية الفعلية الخاصة بمراحل الاعتماد لبرنامج البكالوريوس في عمارة البيئة، إلى جانب ملاحظة أداء أعضاء هيئة التدريس، وإجراء مقابلات مع مجموعة متنوعة من أصحاب المصلحة في المؤسسة التعليمية محل الدراسة. تُظهر النتائج الرئيسة أهمية الاعتماد الأكاديمي عند اعتباره أداة من أدوات تحسين جودة التعليم وتطوير البرامج، وليس مجرد إجراءات ورقية لا يتم تنفيذها أو تطبيقها على أرض الواقع. فبعد عامين من تنفيذ معايير الهيئــــة الوطنيــــة للتقـويــم والاعـــتــمـــاد الأكــاديــمــــي بشأن تحسين جودة البرنامج، تحققت تحسينات واضحة في إدارة البرنامج، وتم على إثرها تطوير بعض المقررات الدراسية وتحسين جودتها، وتبينت الحاجة إلى الالتزام الحقيقي والإيمان من جانب أعضاء هيئة التدريس لتحقيق ضمان معايير الجودة المطلوبة لعملية التقويم والتدريس. ويوصى البحث بقيام الهيئــــة الوطنيــــة للتقـويــم والاعـــتــمـــاد الأكــاديــمــــي بتطوير عملية الاعتماد لتسهيل تطبيقها.
Impactos ambientais no baixo curso do rio Pajeú, no trecho urbano de Floresta, Pernambuco
Authors: Alves Maria Danise de Oliveira , Menezes Larissa de Sá
Published: March 2021

Os processos de colonização e de industrialização trouxeram a urbanização das cidades brasileiras causando significativos problemas ambientais e socioeconômicos. Assim, o município de Floresta, que fazia parte da rota de interiorização do gado para o rio São Francisco no período colonial, foi ocupado para a pecuária e posteriormente cresceu e se especializou nos setores da agricultura e de pequenas indústrias, o que modificou o uso e a ocupação do solo e, consequentemente, causou impactos ambientais. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os impactos ambientais ocorridos no baixo curso do rio Pajeú, na área urbana de Floresta, analisando-os de forma sistêmica e comparativa os impactos ocorridos em toda bacia hidrográfica do rio Pajeú e à luz das leis ambientais municipais, estaduais e federais, além de trazer medidas mitigadoras para esses problemas encontrados. Para isto, realizou-se visita de campo, levantamentos bibliográficos, construção de mapa temático da situação da mata ciliar e da rede de interação de impactos ambientais. A partir disso, constatou-se que a área de estudo está bastante descaracterizada quanto à situação original, assim como em outros municípios da bacia hidrográfica do Pajeú, necessitando de ações mitigadoras. As leis ambientais existem, porém, faltam rigor e o cumprimento delas.
The Moral Economy of Activation
Authors: Hansen Magnus Paulsen
Published: March 2021

Activation policies which promote and enforce labour market participation continue to proliferate in Europe and constitute the reform blueprint from centre-left to centre-right, as well as for most international organizations. Through an in-depth study of four major reforms in Denmark and France, this book maps how co-existing ideas are mobilised to justify, criticise and reach activation compromises and how their morality sediments into the instruments governing the unemployed. By rethinking the role of ideas and morality in policy changes, this book illustrates how the moral economy of activation leads to a permanent behaviourist testing of the unemployed in public debate as well as in local jobcentres.
Austerity, Welfare and Work
Authors: Etherington David
Published: March 2021

David Etherington provides bold and fresh perspectives on the link between welfare policy and employment relations as he assesses their fundamental impact on social inequalities. Exploring how reforms, including Universal Credit, have reinforced employment and social insecurity, he assesses the role of NGOs, trade unions and policymakers in challenging this increasingly work-focused welfare agenda. Drawing on international and national case studies, the book reviews developments, including rising job insecurity, low pay and geographical inequalities, considered integral to neoliberal approaches to social spending. Etherington sets out the possibilities and challenges of alternative approaches and progressive new paths for welfare, the labour market and social rights.
Wildlife Criminology
Authors: Nurse Angus , Wyatt Tanya
Published: March 2021

This illuminating study explores crimes against, and involving, wildlife and the resultant social harms. The authors go well beyond basic conceptions of animal-related crime, such as illicit trade, for a deeper exploration of wildlife criminology, using a novel approach that combines philosophical, legal and criminological perspectives. They shed light on both legal and illegal harms, including blood sports, wildlife as food and abuse in zoos, and consider the potential connections with inter-human crimes. This is a unique treatment of wildlife as victims of crime and a consideration of their rights as sentient beings that sets new horizons for the concept of wildlife criminology.
South Asian Regionalism
Authors: Chakma Bhumitra
Published: March 2021

Leading South Asia expert Bhumitra Chakma explains the politics of regionalism in South Asia and traces the origins and evolution of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) from its inception to the present day. He takes an International Relations perspective and engages three major IR theoretical approaches - neorealism, institutionalism and constructivism - to explain the complex dynamics of South Asian regionalism. Using comparative perspectives based on the experiences of similar regional organizations, the author provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges of cooperation in the region and explores how progress might be made in the future.
Too Hot to Handle?
Authors: Willis Rebecca
Published: March 2021

Scientists are clear that urgent action is needed on climate change, and world leaders agree. Yet climate issues barely trouble domestic politics. This book explores a central dilemma of the climate crisis: science demands urgency; politics turns the other cheek. Is it possible to hope for a democratic solution to climate change? Based on interviews with leading politicians and activists, and the author's twenty years on the frontline of climate politics, this book explores why climate is such a challenge for political systems, even when policy solutions exist. It argues that more democracy, not less, is needed to tackle the climate crisis, and suggests practical ways forward.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE FUEL ROD CLADDING DESTRUCTION FROM THE CHANGE OF THE SNF STORAGE CASKS RADIATION
Authors: Rudychev V.G. , Azarenkov N.A. , Girka I.O. , Rudychev Y.V.
Published: March 2021

Two options for changing the distribution of spent nuclear fuel due to the possible destruction of the cladding of fuel rods, which causes a change in radiation outside the cask, are considered for VSC-24 casks used for storage of spent nuclear fuel by the dry method. The eﬀect of height reduction due to the destruction of the fuel rods of all 24 SFAs and 10 central SFAs on external radiation is studied analytically and by numerical modeling in the MCNP package. The destruction of 24 SFA is shown to lead to a signiﬁcant decrease in the dose rate of neutrons and gamma-radiation from 60Co on the weather lid of the cask, and of gamma-radiation from SNF isotopes at the mid-height of the side surface of the cask. The destruction of the ten central SFAs can be determined only from a change in the neutron radiation in the air inlets of the cask.
Pengaruh Persepsi, Pengetahuan Akuntansi, dan Penghargaan Finansial Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi Untuk Berkarir di Bidang Akuntan Publik
Authors: Puspitasari Dika Ayu , Lestari Tri , Inayah Nur Lailiyatul
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi berdasarkan fenomena yang ada menunjukkan jumlah akuntan publik di Indonesia masih tidak seimbang dengan jumlah penduduk yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Persepsi, Pengetahuan Akuntansi, dan Penghargaan Finansial terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi untuk Berkarir di Bidang Akuntan Publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang berasal dari hasil penyebaran kuisioner dengan populasi sebanyak 140 Responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pengaruh Persepsi (X1), Pengetahuan Akuntansi (X2) dan Penghargaan Finansial (X3) secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap Minat Berkarir di Bidang Akuntan Publik (Y).
Analisis Pengendalian Intern Terhadap Piutang Usaha untuk Meminimalkan Piutang tak Tertagih (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Warna Agung Surabaya)
Authors: Azizah Tania , Rosyafah Siti , Masyhad Masyhad
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis sistem pengendalian internal piutang usaha untuk meminimalkan piutang tak tertagih studi kasus pada PT. Warna Agung Surabaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pengendalian intern terhadap piutang usaha untuk meminimalkan piutang tak tertagih pada PT. Warna Agung Surabaya. Data yang tersediaakan diproses dan disajikan dalam metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan di lapangan akan dijelaskan dalam bentuk tabel, sedangkan proses implementasi dan analisis akan dijelaskan dengan cara membandingkan data aktual dengan teori yang ada. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah jumlah piutang tak tertagih atas data penjualan untuk periode 2019 yang dilakukan oleh PT. Warna Agung Surabaya dapat disimpulkan cukup baik dikarenakan untuk besarnya pas due lebih dari 30 hari meskipun mendekati angka 40% dari standar yang diberikan perusahaan, dan pas due lebih dari 120 hari masih sesuai dengan standar dan ketentuan piutang tak tertagih yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan. Kesimpulan dari penelitain ini adalah sistem pengendalian intern yang dilakukan perusahaan sudah cukup baik ada beberapa cara yang dilakukan perusahaan yang masih belum optimal yaitu salah satunya yang hanya menerapkan Capacity dan Character saja tidak menerapkan konsep pemberian kredit seutuhnya.
Assessment of Factors affecting Glycaemic Control among Adult Diabetics: Optimizing Care for Diabetic Patients
Authors: Akwaras AN , Abah JO , Omokhua OE , Ocheifa MN , Atabo A , Daniel DA , Torayiin JK Torayiin , Nwaeze C , Swende LT , Eru EO , Ibu J
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge. The aim of management of these patients is to achieve good glycaemic control thereby preventing complications and improving their quality of life. Elucidation of factors that will improve glycaemic control is therefore important. This study aimed to assess the factors that affect glycaemic control among type 2 diabetics (T2DM) attending the General Out-Patient Clinic (GOPC) of the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi. This was a cross-sectional study of 359 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above who had been on treatment for at least three months. Informed consent was obtained. Data was collected by an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18. There were 180 males (50.1 %) and 179 females (49.9 %). The mean age of the patients was 56.05 ± 10.32 years. The proportion of those with good glycaemic control was 58%. The respondents' age, level of education, occupation, ethnicity, religion and average monthly income had statistically significant association with glycaemic control. Adequate physical activity was an independent predictor of good glycaemic control. More effort should be made on counselling type 2 diabetics on the importance of adequate physical activity.
Condition of Inclusivity in Public University of Bangladesh Specifically for the Disabled Student: A Case Study On Jahangirnagar University
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh, Rahman Ashiqur
Published: March 2021

Education is a challenge for Physically Challenged Students (PCS). Accessibility in the buildup environments of university campus for PCS is a worldwide concern. A country can’t uplift its socio-economic conditions unless and until people from all level of the society get the equal access in every facilities and services provided by government. Every student with disability has the right to equal enjoyment and access in a residential university. In Bangladesh, increased numbers of students with disabilities have been accessed to higher educational opportunities. However, also the government has imposed some legal legislation for the education and the inclusive design for the PCS. So, this study concerns about the accessibility in higher educational institutions for PCS. This research has highlighted the accessibility condition of the buildup areas of the Jahangirnagar University campus in Bangladesh and the problems faced by the PCS which created because of the existing structural design. It also explores the relation between types of barriers and different structures in university for the PCS’s. At the end this study tries to provide some guidelines for ensuring better accessibility of the physically challenged students.
Disparities and Regional Convergence of Literacy Rate in India: A Spatial Econometric Approach
Authors:   University of Manouba, Tunisia, MOHAMED HAZEM
Published: March 2021

Income growth and convergence also known as the catch-up effect has been studied extensively in the literature and become a topic of considerable interest in both developing and developed economies. The purpose of this paper is to study empirically the evolution of the disparities between Indian districts considering the spatial dependence and to explore a non-parametric approach for characterizing convergence of literacy rate. This study utilizes growth theory as the theoretical foundation to explore the convergence hypothesis. The methodology consists in identifying the shape of the long run spatial associations through the use of Markov chains which make it possible to derive a unique stationary distribution. The results of the analysis indicate the persistence of regional disparities and the importance of geography to explain the global convergence process with positive spatial spillover effects. The proportion of high-income districts surrounded by similar districts has significantly increased detrimentally to the other spatial associations. This non-parametric approach complements the standard parametric method (absolute and conditional Beta-convergence) which shows that convergence process can be accelerated by beneficial spatial interaction effects. These results have strong policy implications with regard to national and territorial policies in these districts.
An integrated approach to assess the complications of deforming osteoarthritis in sports medicine
Authors: Vorobyova I. S. , Borodulin V. B. , Nikitina V. V.
Published: March 2021

Objective: prognosis of thromboembolic complications using clinical diagnostic markers.

Materials and methods. The study involved 151 patients who underwent total arthroplasty (TA) of large joints of the lower extremities. Blood serum was studied at the patient’s admission to the hospital, after surgery, and at discharge from the hospital. The following parameters were determined: cell-molecular marker vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a genetic study was performed using the “Plasma screen. Plasma factors of the blood clotting system”. The content of VEGF was determined in blood serum using solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The effectiveness of diagnostics based on sensitivity and specificity analysis was considered by constructing a ROC analysis at different points of separation of the values of the studied indicators.

Results. Diagnostic significance of VEGF and the efficiency of determining PAI-1 were determined. In patients with elevated VEGF values (>183.6 pg/ml), PAI-1 gene polymorphism was detected, which reduces the fibrinolytic activity of the blood system and increases the risk of coronary disorders. This is especially important for patients in a hospital with a large number of risk factors for the development of VTEC due to prolonged immobilization of the limb. The study made it possible to determine that with VEGF values up to 183.6 pg/ml, a low probability of thromboembolic complications is predicted, and with values above 183.6 pg/ml — high.

Conclusion. The course of DOA in athletes may be complicated by surgical intra-articular interventions of traumatological and orthopedic profile, which does not exclude the development of VTEO, significantly complicating drug therapy and the rehabilitation period. The presented data show that the determination of VEGF, 5G-675 4G polymorphism of the PAI 1 gene in blood serum can be used to assess the risk of venous thromboembolic complications (VTE), contributing to modern informative diagnostics, improving the quality of life of athletes and prolonging their sports career.
Trademark and patent applications are structurally near-identical and cointegrated: Implications for studies in innovation
Authors: Daizadeh Iraj
Published: March 2021

Objective. This paper seeks to test the existence of a “long-run” equilibrium (LRE) dynamic between trademarks and patents, as it would suggest that similar exogenous pressures concomitantly drive these metrics. The restraint in the divergence of the two indices supports an important aspect of the Innovation Agenda, a normative intellectual property (IP)-centric model of the firm, whereby the corporate strategy of science and technology firms is defined by constructing and communicating IP.
Design/Methodology/Approach. Empirical analysis using descriptive statistics, wavelet, cointegration, and structural break analysis is applied to monthly US trademark and patent applications from 1977-2016 to test the potential for LRE.
Results/Discussion. This work finds that the indices have similar (identical) structural attributes (including distribution characteristics, seasonal variation, and short-term cross-periodicity) and are cointegrated (I(1)). Further, structural breakpoints were (near) simultaneous (Trademarks: 1987, 1993, 1999, 2005, 2011; Patents: 1988, 1994, 2000, and 2011). A discussion of potential triggers causing these breaks and the concept of equilibrium in the context of these proxy measures is presented.
Conclusions. From the study, likely, US trademark and patent applications are intimately linked; thus, increasing the likelihood that the Innovation Agenda may correctly capture at least one aspect of the firm. As a corollary, this work further supports the inclusion of trademark analysis in innovation studies. The limitations of the approach including study design are presented.
Originality/Value. To the author’s knowledge, the existence of an LRE of trademarks and patents in the framework of the Innovation Agenda is a novel contribution.
Distribution of leafy mosses in the Republic of Ingushetia by habitat types
Authors:   Ingush State University, Bersanova A.N.
Published: March 2021

The article presents for the first time the results of long-term studies of the distribution of leafstemmed mosses of the Republic of Ingushetia by habitat types. For all 231 species of leaf-stemmed mosses growing within the study area, based on the label data of the herbarium of leaf-stemmed mosses, the distribution of species into 6 ecological groups is shown.In the course of the research, both natural and artificial anthropogenic habitats were taken into account.
Modelo para el proceso de enseñanza–aprendizaje de la asignatura estadística en estudiantes de ingeniería de la Universidad Popular del Cesar (Colombia)
Authors:   Universidad Popular del Cesar. Colombia, VIDES Saul E. , BARROS Jorge M. ,   Universidad Popular del Cesar. Colombia, TRIANA Geiner J. ,   T&D Ingenieros S.A.S.
Published: March 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo la implementación de un modelo para el aprendizaje significativo de conceptos y definiciones en la asignatura Estadística a estudiantes de los programas de ingeniería de la Universidad Popular del Cesar (UPC). El tipo de metodología utilizada se enmarca dentro de un paradigma empírico-inductivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo. En esta investigación se encontró que existe una relación entre el modelo implementado y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de ingeniería.
Permanencia y deserción estudiantil: razones encontradas en la licenciatura en matemáticas de la Universidad del Tolima (Colombia)
Authors:   Universidad del Tolima. Colombia, CASTRO-CARVAJAL Dicieny , RODRIGUEZ-MARQUEZ Miguel ,   Universidad del Tolima. Colombia, SALGADO-HORTA Dagoberto ,   Universidad del Tolima. Colombia
Published: March 2021

Es política de las universidades públicas en Colombia, aumentar la cobertura. En ese sentido el proyecto educativo del programa de Licenciatura en Matemáticas, de la Universidad del Tolima la viene cumpliendo. Sin embargo, los esfuerzos que realizan los programas de permanencia estudiantil y bienestar universitario, no han sido suficientes; así lo evidenció este estudio con estudiantes desertores. Las categorías de Tinto (1989) coinciden con las razones de abandono, aunque las variables individuales y las socioeconómicas, son las que tuvieron mayor incidencia.
Corporate parenting advantage: Conceptual, methodological, and empirical considerations
Authors: Piyawongwathana Pairoj , Onkvisit Sak
Published: March 2021

The pioneering work of Campbell et al. (1995a) presented four ways a corporate parent either creates or destroys value for the companies it owns. They are (a) stand alone, (b) linkage, (c) central functions and services, and (d) corporate development. Despite widespread acceptance of the concept of parenting advantage, empirical research remains scarce. Examining the methodological issues, this research describes the development of an instrument to measure the four strategies. An exploratory factor analysis yielded six distinct factors, accounting for 74.11% of the variance. The results partially validated the a priori classification scheme. A few factors partly reflected the measurement items (variables) gleaned from the four basic strategies. The factors are represented by a hybrid of items from different strategies. The paper concluded that the original conceptualizations of the strategies need to be better scrutinized and that further refinement of the operational definitions is also necessary.
Some aspects of 3D-objects presentation in a common digital space of scientific knowledge
Authors: Sobolevskaya I. N.
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with the issues of multimedia objects
presentation in a common digital space of scientific knowledge. Examples of using new technological solutions for transferring images of physical objects into virtual space are given. The technology for representing digital 3D-models in the environment of a common digital space of scientific knowledge is proposed. The principle of scientific virtual exhibitions formation in the environment of a common digital space of scientific knowledge is considered.
Formation of digital resources for the electronic library «Scientific Heritage of Russia»
Authors: Kirillov S. A.
Published: March 2021

The article describes methods for the formation and presentation of digital images of objects of various types (printed publications, archival materials, museum items, audio-video materials) for the electronic library «Scientific Heritage of Russia».
The Optimal Processor Cores' Number choice for the Parallel Cluster Multiple Labeling Technique on HighPerformance Computing Systems
Authors: Lapshina S. Yu.
Published: March 2021

The article is about the research of a optimum number
of processor cores for launching the Parallel Cluster Multiple Labeling Technique on modern supercomputer systems installed in the JSCC RAS.
This technique may be used in any field as a tool for differentiating large lattice clusters, because it is given input in a format independent of the application. At the JSCC RAS, this tool was used to study the problem of the spread of epidemics, for which an appropriate multiagent model was developed.
In the course of imitation experiments, a variant of the Parallel Cluster Multiple Labeling Technique for percolation Hoshen-Kopelman clusters related to the tag linking mechanism, which can also be used in any area as a tool for differentiating large-size lattice clusters, was used to be improved on a multiprocessor system.
Konsep Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam di MTS VIP Queen Al Khadijah Cilacap
Authors: Maulidiyah Khusnul Khotimah , Manaf Al
Published: March 2021

Education in Indonesia is always experiencing development and renewal on the basis of adjusting to the needs of society and the dynamics of the times. As with the PAI curriculum, it also continues to make updates because PAI is a subsystem of the national curriculum. Therefore, PAI learning needs to be considered maximally and can also be actualized in the lives of students. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach which aims to reveal an understanding of curriculum development at MTs Queen Al Khadijah Cilacap. As for the results of his research, the curriculum development process that occurred at MTs VIP Queen Al Khadijah was a process of a series of curriculum updates carried out in an integrated-interconnection manner, by making Islamic teachings and values a guide and a source of consultancy for the development of various subjects so that they could integrate the curriculum 2013 and Pesantren and can be balanced between general science and religious knowledge. One of its implementations is the teacher collaboration learning model, meaning that general subject teachers can collaborate with Islamic religious education teachers (PAI) to compile concrete and detailed learning designs according to the theme of the learning material.

Keywords: Curriculum Development, Curriculum Islamic Education, Islamic Education
Unsustainable English Learning
Authors: Solihin Riadatus , Hamdiah Hidayatul
Published: March 2021

This study aimed at knowing some factors contributing to students’ learning English unsustainable. Designed as a case study, this study examined 40 students as the participants that were selected through certified random sampling. Observation, questionnaires, and interview were the instruments used to collect the data. The collected data were analyzed by instructive model technique which consists of three components they are reduction of the data, presentation of the data and data verification. The result of the data analysis showed that the majority of the students did not learn English continually. There were three main factors that contributed to the students’ unsustainable English learning: those are lack of English basic knowledge, unsupported of environmental, and inappropriate English teaching material.

Keywords: Unsustainable English Learning, English Learning, Factor Unsustainable English Learning
Voting for a Killer: Efraín Ríos Montt's Return to Politics in Democratic Guatemala
Authors: Bateson Regina
Published: March 2021

From 1982 to 1983, General Efraín Ríos Montt presided over an especially bloody period of the Guatemalan civil war. Under Ríos Montt's watch, the state killed approximately 75,000 of its own citizens. Yet less than a decade later, the former dictator emerged
as one of the most popular politicians in newly democratic Guatemala. How did a gross human rights violator stage such an improbable comeback? Using process tracing, I argue that Ríos Montt's trajectory is best explained by his embrace of populism as his core political strategy.
This analysis deepens our knowledge of an important case, while shedding light on broader questions about how and when actors with profoundly undemocratic values can hijack democracy for their own ends.
ĐÁNH GIÁ MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, X QUANG LỒNG NGỰC CỦA BỆNH NHÂN LAO PHỔI CÓ KHÁNG ISONIAZID
Authors: Vĩnh Hiệp Đặng , Thiện Nhân Nguyễn
Published: March 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá một số đặc điểm về lâm sàng và XQ phổi của bệnh nhân lao phổi kháng INH. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Tiến cứu, mô tả cắt ngang 168 đối tượng là bệnh nhân lao phổi kháng Isoniazid được chẩn đoán và điều trị tại phòng khám, các khoa nội trú bệnh viện Phạm Ngọc Thạch, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, thời gian từ tháng 01/2019 đến tháng 06/2020. Tiến hành thu thập các số liệu về lâm sàng, xét nghiệm và các dấu hiệu XQ theo mẫu bệnh án có sẵn. Phân tích số liệu theo phần mềm thống kê thích hợp và đưa ra kết quả theo mục tiêu nghiên cứu. Kết quả:  Tuổi bệnh nhân dao động từ 17 đến 85, trung vị 50,5, có 47,7% trong độ tuổi 25 - 55. Lao Phổi Hr thường gặp ở nam (72,6%). Thói quen hút thuốc lá 73,8%. Tiền sử đã điều trị Lao Phổi 25,6%. Thời gian mắc bệnh kéo dài, 26,6% ca có thời gian bệnh 30 ngày, 22,2% ca 60 ngày. Triệu chứng cơ năng thường gặp là Ho, 89,9%; Mệt mỏi, 85,7%; Khạc đàm 73,2%; Sụt cân 63,1%; Sốt 61,3%. Triệu chứng thực thể nghèo nàn, thường gặp nhất là ran nổ chiếm 39,9%. Gần 2/3 bệnh nhân có tổn thương ở cả hai phổi trên phim X quang. Thâm nhiễm là tổn thương thường gặp nhất (97%). Khoảng 50% bệnh nhân lao phổi có tổn thương diện hẹp trên X quang. Kết luận: Lao phổi kháng INH có đặc điểm tiền sử, thời gian mắc bệnh cũng như biểu hiện lâm sàng và XQ có nhiều điểm khác biệt hơn so với lao phổi mới.
Laicismo, nuevas pedagogías e inclusión de la mujer. Aspectos de la modernización educativa en El Salvador, 1880-1920
Authors: Guzmán Velasco Nataly
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 65, No. 723, 2010: 51-67.
Los mártires de El Salvador
Authors: Tamayo Juan José
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 65, No. 723, 2010: 133-135.
Through the lens of forced displacement : refugee women's rights as human rights
Authors:   Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, Atuhaire Pearl K. , Kaye Sylvia Blanche ,   Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
Published: March 2021

While the need for equal access to civil, political as well as economic, social and cultural rights is clear under the international law, the adoption of the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against women in 1979 made this even clearer. Despite this positive progress, the abuse of refugee women's rights is one of the basic underlying root causes of their marginalisation and violence in their countries of asylum. This paper presents a critical review on the development of refugee women's rights at the international levels and national levels. It provides an array of scholarly literature on this issue and examines the measures taken by the international community to curb the problem of violence against women in their various provisions through the instruments set. It is cognizant of the fact that even if conflict affects both refugee women and men, the effects on women refugees are deep-reaching, due to the cultural strongholds they face. An important aspect of this paper is that it is conceptualised against the fact that refugee women face the problem of sexual and gender based first as refugees and second as women, yet, their rights are stumbled upon. Often times they have been rendered "worthless victims" who are only in need of humanitarian assistance than active participants committed to change their plight through their participation in political, economic and social participation in their societies. Scholars have taken notice of the fact that women's rights in refugee settings have been marginalized and call for a need to incorporate their perspectives in the planning and management of refugee settings in which they live. Underpinning this discussion is feminism theory which gives a clear understanding of the root cause of refugee women's problems. Finally, this paper suggests that these policies should be translated into action at local, national international and regional levels to ensure sustainable peace.
Directions and methods of educational work with convicts prone to systematic violation of the established procedure for serving a sentence
Authors:   VLI of the FPS of Russia, KURKINA IRINA N.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The article analyzes the features of the organization and conduct of educational work with convicts prone to violating the established procedure for serving the sentence. The author singles out the most common reasons for violation of the internal regulations of a correctional institution, identifies the main problems that negatively affect the effectiveness of the organization of educational work with this category of convicts, and suggests ways to increase its effectiveness. Key words: educational work, regime, convict, preventive registration, method, pedagogical process, internal regulations.
Adolescent gambling and gambling-type games on social networking sites: Issues, concerns, and recommendations
Authors: Griffiths Mark D.
Published: March 2021

Research indicates that compared to the general population, teenagers and students make the most use of social networking sites (SNSs). Although SNSs were originally developed to foster online communication between individuals, they now have the capability for other types of behaviour to be engaged in such as gambling and gaming. The present paper focuses on gambling and the playing of gambling-type games via SNSs and comprises a selective narrative overview of some of the main concerns and issues that have been voiced concerning gambling and gambling-type games played via social network sites. Overall, there is little empirical evidence relating to the psychosocial impact of adolescents engaging in gambling and gambling-type activities on SNSs, and the evidence that does exist does not allow definitive conclusions to be made. However, it is recommended that stricter age verification measures should be adopted for social games via SNSs particularly where children and adolescents are permitted to engage in gambling-related content, even where real money is not involved.
Predictors of Problematic Internet and mobile phone usage in adolescents
Authors: Lopez-Fernandez Olatz , Losada-Lopez José Luis , Honrubia-Serrano Mª Luisa
Published: March 2021

This study uses an innovative statistical strategy to test the role of certain variables as predictors of problematic Internet and mobile phone usage among adolescents in Spain and in the United Kingdom . A paper-and-pencil questionnaire was used, with socio-demographics and patterns of technology usage as variables, and two tests were administered: the Problematic Internet Entertainment Use Scale for Adolescents (PIEUSA) and the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale for Adolescents (MPPUSA). The overall sample size was 2228 high school students aged between 11 and 18 from Barcelona and London. PIEUSA and MPPUSA scores were transformed into normed scores, and both were then dichotomized according to three statistical criteria as cut-off points (i.e., median, 80th percentile, and extreme scores below the 25th percentile and above the 75th percentile) in order to establish the relationship between the variables above and the excessive use of the Internet or mobile phones, using a binary logistic regression. The results show that the best predictive model for both technologies includes socio-demographic variables as predictors of extreme scores for excessive Internet and mobile phone usage, with good sensitivity, specificity and classification accuracy, as well as a notable capacity for discrimination according to the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Implications of these findings are discussed.
CORRECTIVE STRATEGY AND TACTICS OF OVERCOMING IMPAIRED BALANCE IN PRESCHOOLERS.
Authors: Bochkov Pavel
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the system features of planning corrective measures for the formation of the balance function of preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders. The innovative planning concept implies a harmonious combination of a correction strategy, that should be responsible for the long-term vector of achieving the desired target result, with the corrective tactics of overcoming specific children’s disorders. The strategy reflects a constant component of the correction process and is relatively unchanged, whereas the corrective tactic is based on the variability of individual planning, followed by appropriate methodological support for the implementation of this program for a particular child.
The author analyzes the existing approaches in the planning physical education and physical rehabilitation. The analysis revealed the insufficient methodological foundations for the planning of corrective measures to improve the balance function in preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders. The general principles of planning adaptive physical education for preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders are considered.
The general planning principles (phylogenetic principle, age, calendar, intra-cycle, repetition, the principle of "steps") of adaptive physical education for preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders were revealed, they were proposed in the technique of N.Efimenko and P.Bochkov. On this basis, a methodology for the phased planning of the targeted formation of the equilibrium function was developed, which reflects the logic of stimulating the five channels of the postural aplomb system and takes into account the peculiarities of postural deficiency in each case. In the conclusions the algorithm of the system for planning correctivee measures to improve the balance function in this category of children is presented. The prospects for research of effective ways of overcoming the postural deficiency in children with musculoskeletal disorders is outlined.
IMPORTANCE AND PLACE OF BIOGRAPHICAL METHOD IN PEDAGOGICAL METHODOLOGY
Authors: Pavlenko Anatolii
Published: March 2021

The article covers and analyzes the biographical method of pedagogy; it defines its importance and place in pedagogy methodology based on historical-genetic approach and inter(cross)disciplinary analysis of academic sources. It establishes the current phenomenon of considerable extension in objective consideration of biographical method by social sciences and the humanities (the so called "biographical turning point") and recognition of scientific “usefulness” of this method at the theoretical level. This is the very fact which stipulated the topicality of methodological realization of biographical method as a moder way of development of theoretical and practical pedagogical activity.
Currently the biographical method is an important component of methodological range of the whole system of pedagogical sciences. The biographical method in pedagogical methodology shall be considered both as the method of research and obtainment of scientific pedagogical knowledge (for example, in pedagogical history, pedagogical biography science, life-creation pedagogy) and as the important method of extensive innovative teaching practice in didactics and certain methods of teaching (literature, history teaching method etc.). It can be used when considering pedagogically adapted biographical materials about the distinguished public figures and historical figures in a certain science; in special and rehabilitation pedagogy, when considering biographical knowledge on the examples of successful physical rehabilitation and socialization; in social pedagogy during social and pedagogical counseling, in educational theory etc..
The article also reveals the academic, educatory and learning opportunities of biographical method for the development of personality of candidates for academic degree and its significant role in implementing “humanization of knowledge” in the comprehensible principle of humanization and humanitarization. It was defined that this method holds a prominent place among interdisciplinary pedagogical methods and has the forseeable prospects of further transformation into biographical pedagogy and integration with the biographical psychology
WAYS OF FORMATION OF PUPILS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING: FOREIGN AND UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Bessarab Anastasiia , Ponomarenko Oleksandr
Published: March 2021

The article outlines the main definitions and characteristics of motivation to study as a psychological and pedagogical concept. Authors identify ways of forming pupils’ motivation to study in foreign countries, in particular taking the examples of the United States (according to the research by scientists at Harvard University) and Finland (successful Finnish education system). The authors reveal distinctive features of motivation development in the conditions of ongoing online studies; analyze the results of an online survey of 8.056 parents whose children study in secondary schools of Ukraine with distance learning according to the school program during the long-term quarantine period of 2020. Based on the results of the study the authors formulate two groups of ways to motivate students to study online which are recommended to teachers and parents of students.
In order to motivate students during ongoing quarantine, teachers should establish good video communication, during which students are able not only to see their teacher, but also to communicate with him/her. During the quarantine in March-April 2020, the platforms Zoom and Skype were most often used for video conferencing. According to the results of the analysis of foreign experience, the following way of motivation is formulated: to give students tasks as close as possible to everyday life situations. A good way to motivate slow students and students with a mediocre level of performance can be the selection of easy tasks, so that the student, having completed them, experienced a sense of success and victory.
To form the motivation of students to online learning at home, parents can use the following recommendations: to organize the learning process by making a schedule of classes, breaks, time for self-training and rest; to arrange a workplace with which the student should associate the learning process; take care of the student's appearance and his physical readiness to learn; think in advance about the ways of motivation that the teacher will use (reminders, praise, encouragement). Parents should be careful about material rewards as a way to motivate students to learn.
Cloud Drop Number Concentrations over the Western North Atlantic Ocean: Seasonal Cycle, Aerosol Interrelationships, and Other Influential Factors
Authors: Dadashazar Hossein , Painemal David , Alipanah Majid , Brunke Michael , Chellappan Seethala , Corral Andrea F. , Crosbie Ewan , Kirschler Simon , Liu Hongyu , Moore Richard , Robinson Claire , Scarino Amy Jo , Shook Michael , Sinclair Kenneth , Thornhill K. Lee , Voigt Christiane , Wang Hailong , Winstead Edward , Zeng Xubin , Ziemba Luke , Zuidema Paquita , Sorooshian Armin
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Cloud drop number concentrations (Nd) over the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) are generally highest during the winter (DJF) and lowest in summer (JJA), in contrast to aerosol proxy variables (aerosol optical depth, aerosol index, surface aerosol mass concentrations, surface cloud condensation nuclei [CCN] concentrations) that generally peak in spring (MAM) and JJA with minima in DJF. Using aircraft, satellite remote sensing, ground-based in situ measurements data as well as reanalysis data, we characterize factors explaining the divergent seasonal cycles and furthermore probe into factors influencing Nd on seasonal time scales. The results can be summarized well by features most pronounced in DJF, including features associated with cold air outbreak (CAO) conditions such as enhanced values of CAO index, planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), low-level liquid cloud fraction, and cloud-top height, in addition to winds aligned with continental outflow. Data sorted into high and low Nd days in each season, especially in DJF, revealed that all of these conditions were enhanced on the high Nd days, including reduced sea level pressure and stronger wind speeds. Although aerosols may be more abundant in MAM and JJA, the conditions needed to activate those particles into cloud droplets are weaker than in colder months, which is demonstrated by calculations of strongest (weakest) aerosol indirect effects in DJF (JJA) based on comparing Nd to perturbations in four different aerosol proxy variables (total and sulfate aerosol optical depth, aerosol index, surface mass concentration of sulfate). We used three machine learning models and up to 12 input variables to infer about most influential factors related to Nd for DJF and JJA, with the best performance obtained with gradient boosted regression tree (GBRT) analysis. The model results indicated that cloud fraction was the most important input variable, followed by some combination (depending on season) of CAO index and surface mass concentrations of sulfate and organic carbon. Future work is recommended to further understand aspects uncovered here such as impacts of free tropospheric aerosol entrainment on clouds, wet scavenging and giant CCN effects on aerosol–Nd relationships, updraft velocity, and vertical structure of cloud properties such as adiabaticity that impact the satellite estimation of Nd.
Sampling error in aircraft flux measurements based on a high-resolution large eddy simulation of the marine boundary layer
Authors: Petty Grant W.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. A high-resolution (1.25 m) large eddy simulation (LES) of the nocturnal cloud-topped marine boundary layer is used to evaluate random error as a function of continuous track length L for virtual aircraft measurements of turbulent fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat, and horizontal momentum. Results are compared with the widely used formula of Lenschow and Stankov (1986). In support of these comparisons, the relevant integral length scales and correlations are evaluated and documented. It is shown that for heights up to approximately 100 m (z/zi=0.12), the length scales are accurately predicted by empirical expressions of the form If=Azb. The Lenschow and Stankov expression is found to be remarkably accurate at predicting the random error for shorter (7–10 km) flight tracks, but the empirically determined errors decay more rapidly with L than the L-1/2 relationship predicted from theory. Consistent with earlier findings, required track lengths to obtain useful precision increase sharply with altitude.
In addition, an examination is undertaken of the role of uncertainties in empirically determined integral length scales and correlations in flux uncertainties as well as of the flux errors associated with crosswind and along-wind flight tracks. It is found that for 7.2 km flight tracks, flux errors are improved by factor of approximately 1.5 to 2 for most variables by making measurements in the crosswind direction.