bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnographie, éthique et travail social
Authors: Portillo Magali
Published: December 2023

Cet article s’inspire de la phase de terrain de ma recherche sur l’application du travail social vert dans une île salvadorienne. Elle a été réalisée au sein d’une ONG œuvrant au sein d’une communauté marginalisée et précarisée, touchée par la violence des gangs. Cet écrit a pour objectif de mettre en lumière les défis éthiques rencontrés concernant à la fois l’effet d’affiliation entre chercheuse-ONG et ma posture en tant que chercheuse. Je me suis également penchée sur les conséquences possibles de cette affiliation et du contexte violent de mon terrain sur les données collectées. Cette étude de cas révèle que les effets d’affiliation sont indéniables, cependant ils n’invalident pas les données collectées.
L’évolution des bibliothèques en Jordanie de 1926 à 2021
Authors: Alyan Rabhi Mustafa , Boustany Joumana
Published: December 2023

Au cours du xix e  siècle, la Jordanie a connu une renaissance culturelle, qui s’est notamment traduite par une augmentation des bibliothèques. Différents types de bibliothèques ont été créées : publiques, spécialisées, universitaires, nationales, scolaires, privées. Cet article retrace leur développement sur un siècle, de 1921 à 2021, à travers les principaux événements historiques qui ont affecté le premier centenaire de l’État jordanien, ainsi que l’évolution de l’enseignement de la bibliothéconomie de 1966 à nos jours. Il s’appuie à la fois sur l’expérience de l’auteur dans ce domaine, qui s’étend sur plus de quarante ans, et sur des sources publiées, en particulier le Guide de la bibliothèque en Jordanie. Il présente aussi l’Association jordanienne des bibliothèques et de l’information et ses transformations entre 1965 et 2021.
Bibliothèques publiques en Algérie : soixante ans de construction et de développement
Authors: Demmouche Ousama , Boustany Joumana
Published: December 2023

Lors de la célébration du soixantième anniversaire de la Fête de l’indépendance en Algérie, en 2022, on a mis à l’honneur les réalisations d’ordre militaire, économique, industriel et agricole… et on a oublié, une fois de plus, les bibliothèques publiques. Pourtant, avec 1552 bibliothèques municipales, 42 bibliothèques principales et 144 bibliothèques de lecture publiques, l’Algérie possède une des infrastructures les plus importantes dans le monde arabe. Ces bibliothèques contribuent fortement au processus de développement du pays, mais cela n’est pas visible pour le public ni dans les recherches et études réalisées par les professionnels de l’information et des bibliothécaires. Pour remédier à cette méconnaissance, nous essayons ici de faire la lumière sur le réseau des bibliothèques publiques en Algérie. A travers trois grandes étapes historiques, cet article retrace la manière dont ce réseau s’est constitué, au gré des transformations de paradigme que l’Algérie a traversées, jusqu’à la création en 2003 d’une nouvelle génération de bibliothèques publiques algériennes : ces « bibliothèques principales de la lecture publique » sont envisagées par les décideurs somme des facteurs clés de reconstruction nationale, de réforme et de changement social.
Le paysage et les professionnels de l’information au Maroc : réalités et enjeux d’une profession en pleine mutation
Authors: Lrhoul Hanae , Ameur Abderrahim
Published: December 2023

Cet article dresse un état des lieux des services d’information et de documentation au Maroc et suit leur évolution à l’ère du digital. L’accent est mis sur les nouvelles compétences des professionnels de l’information liées à l’ingénierie des données et sur les réformes des formations pour répondre aux besoins du pays en professionnels de l’information.
Presse écrite et changement politique en Espagne, de la dictature franquiste à la démocratie
Authors: Renaudet Isabelle
Published: December 2023

Résumé Annonçant sa parution prochaine en 1976, le quotidien El País se présentait comme « un journal sans passé, qui n’a à se repentir de rien, parce qu’il ne sent responsable de rien ». Les enjeux qui pèsent sur la presse espagnole sont ici posés : le changement politique consécutif à la mort de Franco implique une rupture avec le passé proche et plus lointain. L’article analyse les conditions de cette rupture : démantèlement de la Presse d’Etat et de la censure ; redéfinition des missions assignées à la presse au temps de la Transition ; impératifs de rentabilité dans un contexte de concurrence accrue ; perte du monopole de la contestation détenu par les anciennes revues d’opposition au franquisme ; nécessaire adaptation aux goûts du public. À la lumière des critiques récentes formulées par l’historiographie contre le modèle de transition démocratique en Espagne, on interrogera également l’implication de la presse dans l’opération de consensus politique qui a caractérisé la Transition.
Ni chair ni poisson. Les sénateurs de désignation royale, entre héritage autoritaire et construction de la démocratie (1976-1979)
Authors: Sesma Landrin Nicolas
Published: December 2023

Résumé Cet article aborde l’action des sénateurs de désignation royale pendant la transition démocratique espagnole, en particulier leur activité parlementaire au cours de l’élaboration de la nouvelle Constitution de 1978 1 . Établie par la Loi pour la réforme politique, approuvée à la fin de 1976, la figure des sénateurs royaux est très représentative de la complexité et des contradictions qui ont marqué le processus de changement politique depuis la mort de Franco, ainsi que des difficultés pour faire converger les intérêts de l’institution monarchique et ceux de la légitimité démocratique. En ce sens, après avoir parcouru les étapes initiales de la transition, nous focalisons notre analyse sur les interventions d’un porte-parole des sénateurs royaux, le juriste Carlos Ollero, principal défenseur du maintien des prérogatives de la Couronne dans le texte définitif de la Constitution, l’un des débats les plus oubliés de la période constituante.
Les deux âmes du Républicanisme (1911-1919) : de l’usage du Parlement pour un parti d’action
Authors: Prezioso Stéfanie
Published: December 2023

Les deux âmes du républicanisme se confondent au début du xx e  siècle avec ce que l’historien italien Santi Fedele nommait une crise d’identité entre une « âme révolutionnaire » et une « âme patriotique », bien résumée par les deux formules : « d’abord Italiens, puis républicains » versus « d’abord républicain, puis Italiens ». C’est en particulier au cours des conflits armés menés par la monarchie (en Libye d’abord puis au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale) que la déchirure entre un républicanisme par en haut porté principalement par le groupe parlementaire du Parti républicain et le républicanisme de la base atteint une acuité particulière. La montée du fascisme se charge de clarifier les lignes.
Processus de séparation-individuation dans un groupe thérapeutique d’enfants et libre-réalisation de l’arbre généalogique
Authors: Tyrol-Chary Jacques , Belot Rose-Angélique , Lecluse Noémie , Veuillet-Combier Claudine
Published: December 2023

Dans une perspective psychanalytique, le processus de séparation-individuation est ici exploré dans un contexte intersubjectif, en prenant appui sur des éléments théoriques et cliniques. Nous avons utilisé un dispositif thérapeutique groupal pour enfants appelé « Auprès de mon arbre », qui prend appui sur la Libre-Réalisation de l’Arbre généalogique (LRAg). Une illustration clinique permet, elle, de souligner l’intérêt de ce dispositif innovant pour contribuer à un travail psychique de différenciation chez des enfants entravés dans le mouvement de séparation-individuation.
Comment, chez un adolescent arménien, le lien à sa mère… fut un facteur de survie au génocide
Authors: Altounian Janine
Published: December 2023

J’ai voulu montrer comment, dans le témoignage que délivre mon père dans son Journal de déportation , le fait pour l’adolescent de 14 ans qu’il était de se sentir responsable de sa mère, de désirer retourner à elle quand il dut être séparé d’elle pour survivre, de l’admirer, de respecter son autorité et de se conformer aux valeurs qui l’habitent, a été ce qui lui a permis de maintenir le sens de sa vie et de rester en vie.
Essai sur le temps long des transports avant la motorisation
Authors: Gravel Martin
Published: December 2023

Cet essai propose de remplacer la présence ou l’absence d’institutions de poste comme premier critère d’étude des communications à distance, par les invariants mécaniques et physiologiques propres aux déplacements humains. Sur la base de ces invariants, il devient possible d’engager des comparaisons fructueuses dans l’espace et le temps des transports non motorisés. Cette approche confirme qu’avant l’invention du moteur à vapeur, l’histoire du mouvement est déterminée par des invariants physiologiques et techniques. Elle montre que lorsqu’il est question de vitesse de déplacement, l’histoire est immobile, ou presque, tant que l’homme dépend du cheval, de la voile ou de ses propres jambes. Ainsi, le haut Moyen Âge n’était pas plus « lent » que l’Antiquité romaine ou le bas Moyen Âge. De fait, les études portant sur des périodes et des espaces spécifiques devraient considérer que les variations dans la vitesse des déplacements se produisent dans les limites d’un ambitus beaucoup plus restreint et plus stable dans le temps que ce que suggère une histoire des institutions, dont le biais évolutionniste pose parfois problème.
La réjouissance propédeutique de Roger-Pol Droit
Authors: Audi Paul
Published: December 2023

Reposant sur une lecture de deux ouvrages de Roger-Pol Droit composant une sorte de diptyque, 101 expériences de philosophie quotidienne (2001) et Dernières nouvelles des choses (2003), le présent article tente de mettre en lumière l’enjeu méthodologique qui préside aux expériences philosophiques qui y sont narrées. Le but est de montrer qu’il s’agit chaque fois d’une prise en compte, voire d’une assignation à un « seuil », dont le franchissement est préalable à l’entrée du sujet dans un espace où prime l’intelligibilité des phénomènes. Ce franchissement de seuil, dont la description s’inspire d’une réflexion de Jean-Toussaint Desanti, semble reconduire toute expérience philosophique à une expérimentation où, au-delà du simple rapport sujet-objet, le corps est impliqué.
La recevabilité de la constitution de partie civile du Président de la République : des soubresauts jurisprudentiels récents
Authors: Degoul Pierre , Fréty Edmond-Claude , Ganem Emilie , Gonzalez de Gaspard Philippe
Published: December 2023

Le Président de la République peut-il se constituer partie civile sans mettre en péril le caractère équitable d'une procédure pénale ? Telle est la question délicate à laquelle la cour d'appel de Versailles, dans un arrêt du 8 janvier 2010, puis le tribunal correctionnel de Paris le 28 janvier suivant, ont dû répondre.
Actualités du droit de l'Angleterre et du Pays de Galles, 2012-2013
Authors: Padfield Nicola , Delattre Sabrina
Published: December 2023

Résumé L'année dernière ma chronique portait sur les actualités pour l'année 2011, ce qui a été frustrant pour moi dans la mesure où j'ai écrit cette chronique à la fin de l'année 2012, et qu'il y avait beaucoup à dire sur la période fin 2011-fin 2012…Cela me donnait l'impression de faire de l'histoire et non pas du droit positif. C'est un plaisir de pouvoir pour cette année faire porter ma chronique sur deux années d'évolutions : de janvier 2012 à la fin de l'année 2013. L'année prochaine je me concentrerai sur 2014.
Evaluation of a New All-in-One Optical Biometer and Comparison With a Validated Swept-source OCT Biometer
Authors: Li Yue , Zou Zhilin , Xu Shuoyu , Yu Jinjin , Ye Qianfang , Li Kexin , Xiao Yichen , Savini Giacomo , Schiano-Lomoriello Domenico , Zhou Xingtao , Yao Mingyu , Huang Jinhai
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To assess agreement between a new all-in-one non-contact optical biometer based on optical low coherence reflectometry (SW-9000 µm Plus; Suoer) and a swept-source optical coherence tomography biometer (OA-2000; Tomey).

Methods:

Each eye was scanned three times in a row by each device at random. The measured ocular parameters included central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL), flat keratometry (Kf), steep keratometry (Ks), mean keratometry (Km), astigmatism, corneal diameter (CD), and pupil diameter (PD). The paired
t
test was used to show the differences between the SW-9000 and OA-2000. Bland-Altman plots and the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) were applied to assess the consistency of the measurements.

Results:

Sixty eyes from 60 healthy participants were examined, with a mean spherical equivalent refraction of −5.58 ± 2.31 diopters and a mean age of 30.40 ± 6.07 years. The Bland-Altman plots showed high agreement for AL, ACD, LT, Kf, Ks, Km, astigmatism, and CD measurements (95% LoA: −0.06 to 0.04 mm, −0.10 to 0.06 mm, −0.12 to 0.11 mm, −0.30 to 0.29 D, −0.35 to 0.38 D, −0.29 to 0.30 D, −0.30 to 0.34 D, and −0.50 to 0.06 mm, respectively), whereas the agreement for CCT and PD were moderate (95% LoA: 7.12 to 20.43 µm, −0.75 to 1.19 mm, respectively).

Conclusions:

The new all-in-one non-contact biometer had high agreement with the OA-2000 biometer on the AL, ACD, LT, Kf, Ks, Km, astigmatism, and CD measurements. For most of the ocular parameters assessed, they were clinically interchangeable.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(12):825–830.]
Simulations of Multifocal Vision in Patients With Previous Monofocal Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Fernández Joaquín , Burguera Noemí , Maldonado-Carmona Carmen , Ginel José , Sáez-Martín Ángel , Rodríguez-Vallejo Manuel
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the effectiveness and patient acceptance of multifocal vision simulation in patients with previous monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and to explore their willingness-to-pay (WTP) and willingness-to-accept (WTA) based on the perceived advantages and disadvantages of multifocal vision.

Methods:

Seventeen patients with previous monofocal IOL implantation participated in this cross-sectional study. The SimVis Gekko device (2EyesVision SL) was used to simulate monofocal (Evaluation B) and multifocal (Evaluation C) visual experiences, compared to their existing vision (Evaluation A). Visual acuity at three distances and defocus curves were measured. Patients responded to inquiries about visual quality in each evaluation, bothersomeness of photic phenomena, probability to select the visual experience, and the monetary value they associated with enhanced WTP or diminished WTA visual quality.

Results:

The simulations underestimated the visual acuity reported for the IOL in existing literature by one or two lines, depending on the testing distance. This underestimation was more pronounced in defocus curves. However, 70.6% of patients were likely or very likely to opt for multifocal vision, indicating they perceived the benefits of multifocality. The WTP for multifocal vision was twice that of monofocal vision, and the WTP/WTA ratio exceeded 1, suggesting the perceived vision benefits outweighed potential drawbacks.

Conclusions:

Despite underestimating the expected postoperative visual performance, the multifocal simulation enabled patients to perceive the benefits of multifocal vision to some extent. This system could be beneficial in avoiding potential postoperative complaints, but the possible rise in false-positive results should be considered and evaluated in future research.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(12):831–839.]
Medication-Related Experience of Deaf American Sign Language Users
Authors: Paracha Mariam , Wagner Ellen , Brumfield Olivia , Winninghoff Jonah , Wright Jordan , Rotoli Jason , Hauser Peter
Published: December 2023

Background:

Previous studies showed that deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) individuals have low health literacy related to prescription labels. This study examined the DHH's experience with understanding prescription labels and how technology can impact that experience.

Objectives:

The purpose of this qualitative study was twofold: (1) gain a more enhanced understanding of DHH experiences in understanding prescription labels with a focus on language needs, expectations, and preferences, and (2) assess the potential role of technology in addressing the communication-related accessibility issues which emerge from the data.

Methods:

In this study, 25 Deaf American Sign Language users who picked up a prescription from a pharmacy within the past year were interviewed. A thematic analysis, which included a systematic coding process, was used to uncover themes about their experiences picking up and using prescription medications.

Key Results:

Thematic analyses identified that medication-related experiences centered around themes: (1) medication information seeking; (2) comfort taking medication; (3) picking up medication; and (4) communication with the pharmacy team. A large contributor to the communication experience was the perception that the pharmacist was not being respectful. Regarding comfort taking medications, 12% of participants expressed a lack of understanding medications while taking medication. This led to participants largely using online resources when seeking medication information. This study also found that technology greatly aided the participants during this experience.

Conclusion:

This study recorded the experiences within the context of limited health literacy and aversive audism found that the DHH individual repeatedly encountered communication barriers, which may contribute to their poor medication literacy. Thus, future studies should explore how to leverage the potential benefits of technology to improve the pharmacy experience of the DHH, thereby improving medication literacy. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2023;7(4):e215–e224.

]
Sufficient conditions for triviality of Ricci solitons
Authors: Turki Nasser Bin , Deshmukh Sharief
Published: December 2023

We found conditions on an $ n $-dimensional Ricci soliton $ \left(M, g, \mathbf{u}, \lambda \right) $ to be trivial. First, we showed that under an appropriate upper bound on the squared length of the covariant derivative of the potential field $ \mathbf{u} $, the Ricci soliton $ \left(M, g, \mathbf{u}, \lambda \right) $ reduces to a trivial soliton. We also showed that appropriate upper and lower bounds on the Ricci curvature $ Ric\left(\mathbf{u}, \mathbf{u}\right) $ of a compact Ricci soliton $ \left(M, g, \mathbf{u}, \lambda \right) $ with potential field $ \mathbf{u} $ geodesic vector field makes it a trivial soliton. We showed that if the Ricci operator $ S $ of the Ricci soliton $ \left(M, g, \mathbf{u}, \lambda \right) $ is invariant under the potential field $ \mathbf{u} $, then $ \left(M, g, \mathbf{u}, \lambda \right) $ is trivial and the converse is also true. Finally, it was shown that if the potential field $ \mathbf{u} $ of a connected Ricci soliton $ \left(M, g, \mathbf{u}, \lambda \right) $ is a concurrent vector field, then the Ricci soliton is shrinking.
Determining acute ischemic stroke onset time using machine learning and radiomics features of infarct lesions and whole brain
Authors: Lu Jiaxi , Guo Yingwei , Wang Mingming , Luo Yu , Zeng Xueqiang , Miao Xiaoqiang , Zaman Asim , Yang Huihui , Cao Anbo , Kang Yan
Published: December 2023

Accurate determination of the onset time in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients helps to formulate more beneficial treatment plans and plays a vital role in the recovery of patients. Considering that the whole brain may contain some critical information, we combined the Radiomics features of infarct lesions and whole brain to improve the prediction accuracy. First, the radiomics features of infarct lesions and whole brain were separately calculated using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences of AIS patients with clear onset time. Then, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) was used to select features. Four experimental groups were generated according to combination strategies: Features in infarct lesions (IL), features in whole brain (WB), direct combination of them (IW) and Lasso selection again after direct combination (IWS), which were used to evaluate the predictive performance. The results of ten-fold cross-validation showed that IWS achieved the best AUC of 0.904, which improved by 13.5% compared with IL (0.769), by 18.7% compared with WB (0.717) and 4.2% compared with IW (0.862). In conclusion, combining infarct lesions and whole brain features from multiple sequences can further improve the accuracy of AIS onset time.
COVID-19 vaccines and autoimmune disorders: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Chaufan Claudia , Manwell Laurie , Heredia Camila , McDonald Jennifer
Published: December 2023

Two years into the global vaccination campaign, important questions about COVID-19 vaccines and autoimmune disorders have arisen. A growing number of reports have documented associations between vaccination and autoimmunity, and research is needed to elucidate the nature of these linkages as well as the mechanisms and causal directions (i.e., whether persons with no history of autoimmune disorders may experience them upon vaccination or persons with autoimmune disorders may experience exacerbation or new adverse events, autoimmune or not, post-vaccination). This scoping review will follow Arksey and O'Malley's framework, which is enhanced by Levac et al.'s team-based approach, to address the relationship between COVID-19 vaccinations and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, it will explore the evidence informing the consensus of care concerning COVID-19 vaccinations in people experiencing these disorders. Data from refereed articles and preprints will be synthesized through a thematic analysis. A subgroup analysis will compare the findings according to the previous existence of autoimmune disorders, presence of co-morbidities, vaccine type, and other potentially relevant factors. COVID-19 has triggered the largest vaccination campaign in history. Drug safety is critical to properly assess the balance of risks and benefits of any medical intervention. Our investigation should yield information useful to assist in clinical decision-making, policy development, and ethical medical practices.
Novi etimološki slovar slovenskega jezika kot rastoči spletni slovar 2017−: dodatek 2023 (poimenovanja za škorpijona, koloradskega, majskega in junijskega hrošča)
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: December 2023

V prispevku se vsebinsko predstavljajo in objavljajo gesla z zoonimsko iztočnico, ki bodo konec leta 2023 dodana rastočemu spletnemu Novemu etimološkemu slovarju slovenskega jezika (2017–), dostopnemu na portalu Fran Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša. Vgeslih so obravnavana slovenska poimenovanja za škorpijona, koloradskega, junijskega in majskega hrošča, ki so jim dodani sinonimi za ličinko majskega hrošča.
Normativni vidik slovenščine v tretjem tisočletju – artikulacija, percepcija in kodifikacija fonema /ʋ/
Authors: Tivadar Hotimir
Published: December 2023

V članku so pregledane in komentirane pretekle raziskave glasovnih uresničitev fonema /ʋ/, ki bodo umeščene v sodobno situacijo. Dodatno je opravljena kontrastivna analiza slovničnega opisa, od metodoloških usmeritev in instrumentalnih meritev do pretekle ter še veljavne kodifikacije, ki temeljijo na opisu v Slovenski slovnici. Opravljena je slušna in instrumentalna analiza variant fonema /ʋ/ v realno izgovorjenih besedilih obeh univerzitetnih fonetičnih učbenikov, vključno z analizo in ustrezno umestitvijo preteklih raziskav. Na koncu je predstavljen predlog kodifikacije fonema /ʋ/.
Teorija metajezika in opis avtonimije v slovenščini
Authors: Trojar Mitja
Published: December 2023

Članek opisuje odnos med metajezikom in objektnim jezikom ter osnovne pojme, uporabljene pri opisu metajezika in jezikoslovne terminologije. Navedene so posebnosti slovenskega metajezika, pri čemer je posebna pozornost posvečena pojavu avtonimije v jezikoslovnihbesedilih.
Napake študentov pri pisanju poslovnih pisem v angleškem jeziku
Authors: Kompara Lukančič Mojca
Published: December 2023

Prispevek se osredinja na položaj poslovnega angleškega jezika v slovenskem univerzitetnem prostoru in na problematiko pravilne sestave poslovnega pisma. Predstavlja pogoste napake, ki jih študenti delajo pri pisanju poslovnih pisem, in sicer ob analizi spremnih pisem, ki so jih pisali dodiplomski študenti Univerze na Primorskem med letoma 2015 in 2018. Obdelani so temeljni sklopi in predstavljeni rezultati, opozorjeno pa je tudi na težave, s katerimi se srečujejo slušatelji.
TikTok Content Categories and User Engagement Behavior
Authors: Mereu Sebastiano
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the impact of TikTok content categories on user engagement behavior on the official TikTok account of Alisha Lehmann. Analyzing 91 videos via multiple regression analysis, the research uncovers practical insights for content creators and marketers, as well as theoretical findings for academics. Notably, Alisha Lehmann's active professional life, showcasing her athletic prowess, emerged as the most influential category, driving engagement across views, likes, comments, saves, and shares. Videos emphasising her personal life through aesthetics also impacted video shares and saves to a certain degree. Additionally, non-active or non-sport professional life content garnered attention, especially in likes and comments. In contrast, TikTok games and promotional content had limited impact, emphasizing the importance of a balanced content strategy that integrates personal and professional aspects for athlete influencers. These findings provide guidance for optimizing online presence, aligning content with audience interests, and fostering brand loyalty on TikTok.
An Image-Text Matching Method for Multi-Modal Robots
Authors: Zheng Ke , Li Zhou
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and deep learning, image-text matching has gradually become an important research topic in cross-modal fields. Achieving correct image-text matching requires a strong understanding of the correspondence between visual and textual information. In recent years, deep learning-based image-text matching methods have achieved significant success. However, image-text matching requires a deep understanding of intra-modal information and the exploration of fine-grained alignment between image regions and textual words. How to integrate these two aspects into a single model remains a challenge. Additionally, reducing the internal complexity of the model and effectively constructing and utilizing prior knowledge are also areas worth exploring, therefore addressing the issues of excessive computational complexity in existing fine-grained matching methods and the lack of multi-perspective matching.
A PRESENÇA FEMININA NOS VESTIBULARES PARA O CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ NA ÚLTIMA DÉCADA
Authors: Aparecida da Silva Mendes Deisiane , Cavichioli Alves Mariana , Michele Canola Katiussa , Agatha Parrilha da Silva Josie , Maria Michellan Kiouranis Neide
Published: December 2023

A participação de mulheres em instituições de Ensino Superior tem se ampliado nos últimos anos, todavia esta presença não tem sido uniforme em todas as áreas. Nesta pesquisa de natureza mista, que emprega a metodologia de estudo documental, foi conduzido um levantamento com o objetivo de identificar a presença feminina entre os (as) aprovados (as) nos vestibulares destinados ao curso de Licenciatura Plena em Química da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. A análise concentrou-se nos percentuais de mulheres que foram aprovadas no referido curso entre os anos de 2012 e 2022. As informações foram adquiridas por meio do acesso à página eletrônica da comissão responsável pela condução dos processos referentes aos vestibulares. O estudo explorou o número de candidatas que participaram e foram aprovadas nos processos seletivos, abrangendo tanto os vestibulares de inverno quanto os de verão, assim como o Processo de Avaliação Seriada. Os resultados revelaram que ao longo desse intervalo, as mulheres mantiveram uma presença considerável entre os aprovados. Isso aponta para o interesse e a conquista de espaço por parte das mulheres na Ciência. Contudo, é importante destacar que durante o período de pandemia, foi observada uma notável redução no contingente geral de candidatos, afetando também a participação feminina.
APRENDIZAGEM PROFUNDA APLICADA À CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE SINAIS DE ÁUDIO DE MOSQUITOS
Authors: De Oliveira Mathias Alan Cesar , Montanher Betwel , Beleti Junior Carlos Roberto , Mendes Santiago Junior Robertino , Ferreira da Silva Rogério , THOM DE SOUZA RODRIGO CLEMENTE
Published: December 2023

Este estudo visa classificar sinais sonoros emitidos durante o voo de mosquitos da espécie Culex quinquefasciatus e Anopholes Gambiae. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foram empregadas técnicas de Deep Learning, que consistem na capacidade de aprendizagem das máquinas por meio da entrada de dados e modelos de aprendizagem complexos chamados de redes neurais artificias profundas, que processam informações em níveis abstratos e permitem que a máquina extraia padrões e características mais sofisticadas dos dados. Os dados de entrada usados para a tarefa de classificação foram os espectrogramas extraídos dos arquivos de áudio de ambas as classes. Os espectrogramas foram inseridos em seis modelos de redes neurais convolucionais diferentes. A maior acurácia alcançada entre os modelos durante o treino foi de 99,15% e de 98,87% no conjunto de testes, resultados obtidos pelo mesmo modelo.
MÉTODO PIE - PREDIZER, INTERAGIR E EXPLICAR EM UMA AULA EXPERIMENTAL SOBRE MISTURA
Authors: Baumann Adriana Cristina Marquioro , Parisoto Mara Fernanda , Do Nascimento William Junior
Published: December 2023

Neste trabalho temos como propósito apresentar um relato de experiência sobre o desenvolvimento de uma atividade experimental no componente curricular de Ciências, junto aos alunos do sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental, no que se refere ao conteúdo de Misturas. Buscando utilizar-se das metodologias ativas para proporcionar uma aprendizagem significativa ao aluno, mediante contextualização e engajamento durante a realização da atividade, utilizamos o Método PIE – Predizer, Interagir e Explicar. Os encaminhamentos metodológicos foram divididos em quatro etapas: amostra; pré-requisitos e objetivos; procedimentos para aula experimental e avaliação. Os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos foram levados em consideração para o desenvolvimento da aula experimental. Os objetivos da aula foram: reconhecer e diferenciar mistura homogênea de mistura heterogênea, identificando-as no seu cotidiano, além de proporcionar condições para que os alunos possam criar hipóteses na resolução de questões problemas. A avaliação ocorreu pela observação do interesse/envolvimento dos alunos na realização das atividades, no acompanhamento da evolução do estudante em cada etapa desenvolvida; na análise da ficha de relato e na aplicação de questionário após a realização da aula experimental utilizando-se a ferramenta Wordwall. Dentre os estudantes participantes do estudo, todos se mostraram engajados, foram capazes de identificar as diferentes misturas do experimento e relacioná-las ao seu cotidiano.
MINICURSO: UMA POSSIBILIDADE NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE FÍSICA
Authors: Santos Pedroso da Silva Valquiria , Arthur Formaggi de Souza Nicolas , Oliveira da Cunha Eduardo , Alves Pereira de Carvalho Hercília
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho refere-se ao relato de um minicurso oferecido pelo projeto “Conhecendo a Escola” do Programa Licenciar da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Foram abordados  conceitos básicos de mecânica, em nível de ensino médio, para alunos da educação básica. A dinâmica foi de aulas expositivas e na sequência a resolução de exercícios com auxílio dos ministrantes, com duração de 40 horas. Assim, trata-se de uma análise de todo o processo numa perspectiva de formação dos futuros docentes, evidenciando de que maneira a utilização dessa atividade contribui para o enriquecimento das práticas docentes. Os resultados foram além da prática da regência de aulas dos futuros educadores, mas também implicaram numa reavaliação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem por parte dos envolvidos na elaboração.
JOGO DAS EXPRESSÕES: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DE UMA PRÁTICA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Castro Batista Ana Carolina , De Paula Ferrareze Silva Janete , Cândido Braz Bárbara , Da Silva Jair
Published: December 2023

As ações extensionistas no âmbito da formação de professores tem se mostrado como uma ação relevante para o desenvolvimento profissional dos sujeitos nela envolvidos. Isto porque, ao articular demandas sociais, advindas de escolas públicas, por exemplo, aos cursos de formação inicial um ambiente formativo profícuo, constituído por professores da Educação Básica, professores formadores e futuros professores pode ser constituído a fim de construir práticas mais democráticas na universidade e nas escolas. Nesta perspectiva, o projeto de extensão ÁGORA/UFPR Jandaia do Sul, tem desenvolvido ações de modo a construir espaços de formação de professores que considere as demandas e repertórios dos professores e futuros professores que ensinam Matemática em Jandaia do Sul – cidade na qual um campus da UFPR existe – e região. Neste contexto, no ano de 2023, atendendo a demandas de professoras de escolas públicas da cidade, os membros do projeto junto à estas professoras, planejaram e desenvolveram aulas de Matemática pautadas em um jogo didático, intitulado jogo das expressões, para turmas do Ensino Fundamental, com o objetivo de abordar operações elementares e, de modo mais específico, o conceito de expressão numérica. Nesse texto relatamos a experiência vivida em turmas do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola do campo. A análise da prática desenvolvida indica que o uso do jogo contribuiu para a exploração matemática de conceitos como expressão numérica, operações elementares e suas propriedades e para a abordagem de cálculo mental. Sobretudo, as características do jogo sustentaram engajamento dos estudantes, favorecendo a abordagem conceitual dos conteúdos intrínsecos ao jogo.
Applying Deep Learning for Morphological Analysis in the Sinhala Language
Authors: Ekanayaka Yasas , Pushpananda Randil , Welgama Viraj , Liyanage Chamila
Published: December 2023

This research was performed for analyzing morphology of the Sinhala language. Six different deep learning architectures, including RNN, LSTM, and GRU, with and without bidirectional processing was used in the study. Two different datasets, in both Sinhala and Roman scripts, were considered, with each dataset consisting of a total of 644k unique entries. The results were compared to identify the best-performing architecture. Among all the approaches, the model trained with the Sinhala script dataset using bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) as the deep learning architecture provided the highest accuracy (87.96%). Several other experiments, such as predicting morphemes and definitions separately, were also considered to assess the behavior of deep learning in morphological analysis in the Sinhala language. All these experiments yielded more than 88% accuracy. These positive results demonstrate the promising potential of deep learning approaches for morphological analysis in the Sinhala language. Using the best performing model, we developed an application for users who are interested in learning and analyzing Sinhala words and their morphology.
Multi-modal Deep Learning Approach to Improve Sentence level Sinhala Sign Language Recognition
Authors: Haputhanthri H. H. S. N. , Tennakoon H. M. N. , Wijesekara M. A. S. M. , Pushpananda B. H. R. , Thilini H. N. D.
Published: December 2023

Sign language is used across the world for communication purposes within hearing-impaired communities. Hearing people are not well versed in sign language and most hearing-impaired are not good in general text, creating a communication barrier. Research on Sign Language Recognition (SLR) systems have shown admirable solutions for this issue. In Sri Lanka, machine learning along with neural networks has been the prominent domain of research in Sinhala SLR. All previous research is mainly focused on word-level SLR using hand gestures for translation. While this works for a certain vocabulary, there are many signs interpreted through other spatial cues like lip movements and facial expressions. Therefore, translation is limited and sometimes the interpretations can be misleading. In this research, we propose a multi-modal Deep Learning approach that can effectively recognize sentence-level sign gestures using hand and lip movements and translate to Sinhala text. The model consists of modules for visual feature extraction (ResNet), contextual relationship modeling (transformer encoder with multi-head attention), alignment (CTC) and decoding (Prefix beam search). A dataset consisting 22 of sentences used for evaluations was collected under controlled conditions for a specific day-to-day scenario (a conversation between a vendor and a customer in a shop). The proposed model achieves a best Word Error Rate (WER) of 12.70 on the testing split, improving over the single-stream model which shows a best WER of 17.41, suggesting a multi-modal approach improves overall SLR.
Modelling and Prediction of Pain Related Neural Firings Using Deep Learning
Authors: Weerasinghe Gagana , Herath Amaya , Karunanayaka Kasun , Perera Dushani , Trenado Carlos
Published: December 2023

We propose a deep learning approach to model and predict pain related neural firings from EEG data. In particular, we target for the first time differentiation between acute and chronic pain. Our modelling strategy followed three steps: 1) Feature extraction of EEG data using Petrosian Fractal Dimension (PFD) and Hjorth activity functions. 2) Source localization of neural firings to differentiate between acute and chronic pain. 3) Modelling and training of a deep learning model for the prediction of the related pain according to the feature extracted neural firings. Based on our results, an occipital brain activation for chronic pain and a temporal activation in the case of acute pain were recognized. Moreover, our long short-term memory (LSTM) based prediction model achieved an accuracy of 91.29% for identification of related pain. The performance of the model was evaluated using precision, recall and F1 scores. For acute pain it achieved scores of 0.90, 0.82, 0.86 and for chronic pain scores of 0.86, 0.93, 0.89 respectively. It is concluded that our approach not only shows better predictive accuracy than the results reported by previous studies, but also represents an important step towards identifying and evaluating pain when patients are incapable of self-reporting it or when the clinical observations are unobtainable or unreliable.
The application of carbohydrate-reduction in general practice: A medical audit
Authors: Hawkins Marcus A. , Zinn Caryn , Delon Christine
Published: December 2023

Background: Carbohydrate-reduction has been used successfully in the management of conditions arising from insulin resistance.Aim: In this audit, the authors report on metabolic outcomes from 72 patients in primary care who have undergone counselling using a low-carbohydrate dietary approach.Setting: This audit took place in a family medical practice located in a relatively affluent suburb in East Auckland, New Zealand.Methods: Patients adopted a carbohydrate reduction diet with regular follow-up and monitoring of health parameters.Results: The mean duration of observation was 21.5 (± 10.4) months. On average, patients lost 11 (± 8.4) kg, with 17% attaining a healthy body mass index (BMI). Four out of five patients reversed prediabetes over 20.8 (± 13.4) months. Twenty-five per cent (28/113) of the practice population with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) participated, of which 64% reversed and 11% remitted T2DM over 20.7 (± 11.8) months. Two patients stopped insulin and 10 reduced or stopped other diabetes medications. Nearly 35% (25/72) of participants were initially hypertensive. Thirty-six per cent (9/25) normalised systolic blood pressure (SBP), 28% (7/25) normalised diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and 16% (4/25) normalised both SBP DBP. Sixty-four per cent reduced or stopped some or all antihypertensive medication. There was a mean reduction in SBP of 10.3 (± 17.7) mmHg and DBP of 4.8 (± 12.3) mmHg over 23.8 (± 9.0) months. Lipid changes were generally favourable, with 52% normalising triglycerides, 61% increasing high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to greater than 1.0 mmol/L, and 39% reducing low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).Discussion: This real-world audit aligns with published data on the benefits of carbohydrate reduction.Conclusion: Effective management of prediabetes using CR might represent the biggest ‘bang for buck’ with a potential reduction in weight and prevention of diseases related to IR.Contribution: A low-carbohydrate dietary approach in primary care may serve as a realistic option for improving multiple health outcomes.
Panic disorder: Epidemiology, disability, and treatment gap from nationally representative general population of India
Authors: Jayasankar Pavithra , Satish Suhas , Suchandra Hari Hara , Manjunatha Narayana , Rao Girish N. , Gururaj Gopalkrishna , Varghese Mathew , Benegal Vivek ,   NMHS National Collaborators Group
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Panic disorder (PD) is one of the most common and debilitating anxiety disorder. Individuals with PD seek frequent healthcare and emergency services leading to frequent work absenteeism and economic burden. However, its prevalence patterns in the Indian context are poorly understood. Hence, this article discusses the epidemiology, disability, and treatment gap from India's National Mental Health Survey 2016.

Materials and Methods:

National Mental Health Survey 2016 was a nationally representative epidemiological survey of adult respondents from 12 states of India. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0 is used to diagnose psychiatric disorders. Sheehan disability scale was used to assess the disability. The current weighted prevalence of PD was estimated. Association between PD and its sociodemographic correlates was done using Firth penalized logistic regression. The treatment gap and disability in PD were also calculated.

Results:

The lifetime and current weighted prevalence of PD was 0.5% (95% confidence interval 0.49-0.52) and 0.3% (95% confidence interval 0.28-0.41), respectively. The male gender and unemployed have significantly lesser odds with current PD. The elderly, Urban metro, and the married/separated group have significantly higher odds with current PD. The most common comorbid psychiatric disorder is agoraphobia (42.3%) and depression (30.9%) followed by Generalized Anxiety Disorder (10%). Among respondents with current PD in the past 1 month across three domains, around 80% had a disability of any severity and 20%-25% had marked disability. The overall treatment gap of current PD is 71.7%.

Conclusion:

It is the first study reporting prevalence from a nationally representative sample from the general population of India. The survey has shed light on the epidemiology and the challenges faced by those with PD which emphasizes the urgency of bridging the treatment gap. These findings are paramount to the development of more inclusive and effective mental health policies and interventions to tackle the current burden due to PD.
Common mental disorders among women in reproductive age group: An analysis of national mental health survey, India 2016
Authors: Annajigowda Harshitha H. , Nirisha Lakshmi P. , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Rao Girish N. , Gururaj Gopalkrishna , Varghese Mathew , Benegal Vivek ,   NMHS National Collaborators group
Published: December 2023

Background:

Common mental disorders (CMDs) have a higher prevalence among women in their reproductive age (WRA) compared to the general population. Large Indian epidemiological studies focusing on the prevalence and socioeconomic correlates of CMDs among WRA are lacking. The associated disability and treatment gap particularly in the women population is unknown.

Aim:

To estimate the current prevalence, correlates, disability, socioeconomic impact, and treatment gap of CMDs among WRA from a nationally representative sample from India.

Materials and Methods:

The National Mental Health Survey of India 2016 is a multisite nationwide household survey conducted across India using a uniform methodology. Overall, 39,532 adults were surveyed with a response rate of 88%. The diagnosis was based on Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0. CMDs among WRA (18-49 years) for this secondary analysis included depression and anxiety disorders.

Results:

The prevalence of CMDs among WRA in India was 5.83%. Two important risk factors for CMDs included being divorced and living in the urban metro. Nearly 70% of women reported disabilities of varying severity. The overall treatment gap was around 82% (urban nonmetro > metro > rural population). On average, the cost of treatment of CMDs was ₹ 2,000 per month.

Conclusion:

CMDs are prevalent among WRA groups with significant disabilities and treatment gaps in India. The disability and treatment gap associated with CMDs among WRA can be handled by integrating mental health into general medical/obstetric care.
District-level differences in the distribution of mental and substance use disorders in Assam
Authors: Gogoi Vijay , Abhishek Priyadarshee , Sengupta Soumik , Banerjee Indrajeet , Sarma Samir , Sobhana H. , Deuri Sonia P. , Pathak Kangkan , Sukumar Gautham M. , Benegal Vivek , Rao Girish N. , Varghese Mathew , Gururaj Gopalkrishna
Published: December 2023

Background:

The lifetime prevalence of mental morbidity in Assam is estimated at 8% (NMHS 2015–16). Understanding the distribution patterns of different types of mental disorders among persons with mental morbidity in different districts would facilitate evidence-driven district mental health programming in Assam. Given the varied socio-geopolitical situation across districts in Assam, significant variations in the distribution of mental disorders are expected.

Aims:

To assess interdistrict differentials in common mental disorders (CMDs), severe mental disorders (SMDs), socioeconomic impact, healthcare utilization, and mental disability across three districts sampled in NMHS in Assam.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study used stratified random cluster sampling to identify and study eligible adult participants in Dibrugarh, Barpeta, and Cachar districts. Standardized scales and validated questionnaires were used to assess mental morbidity, disability, socioeconomic impact, and healthcare utilization. The distribution of different mental disorders among persons with mental disorders and their interdistrict differentials were tested using the Chi-square test of significance.

Results:

Among persons with mental morbidity, the most common disorder was CMDs (79%). The proportional distribution of CMDs among persons with mental morbidity was significantly higher in the Dibrugarh district (79%), whereas the distribution of SMDs was higher in the Cachar district (55%). The distribution of alcohol use disorder was the highest in the Dibrugarh district (71.6%). Significant differences in disability and healthcare utilization were observed between the districts.

Conclusions:

NMHS 2015–16 Assam indicates significant differentials in the distribution of CMDs and SMDs, healthcare utilization, and associated disability between the three districts. The differentials necessitate further research to understand socio-ethnocultural, religious, geopolitical, and other factors influencing the distribution. These differences need to be accounted for during the implementation of mental health programs in the state.