bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Percutaneous Pedicle Screw for Dialysis-Related Spondyloarthropathy
Authors: Kitanaka Shigeyuki , Takatori Ryota , Tonomura Hitoshi , Shimizu Yuichi , Nagae Masateru , Makinodan Atsushi , Takahashi Kenji
Published: February 2024

Background: The usefulness and problems with lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) with a percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) for dialysis-related spondyloarthropathy are not clear. Therefore, we investigated the usefulness and problems with LLIF with PPS in dialysis-related spondyloarthropathy. Methods: In total, 77 patients who underwent LLIF with PPS were divided into two groups: the dialysis-related spondyloarthropathy group (“Group D”) consisted of 15 patients (10 males and 5 females) with a mean age of 70.4 years and a mean duration of hemodialysis of 10.8 years; and the lumbar degenerative disease group (“Group L”) included 62 patients (31 males and 31 females) with a mean age of 71.0 years. The mean follow-up period was 4 years in Group D and 3 years 9 months in Group L. We compared surgical invasiveness (operative time, blood loss), perioperative complications, clinical outcomes (Improvement ratio of the JOA score), bone fusion rate, reoperation, sagittal alignment, and coronal imbalance between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in operative time, blood loss, or the improvement ratio of the JOA score, but dialysis-related spondyloarthropathy was observed in one patient with superficial infection, three patients with endplate failure, and one patient with restenosis due to cage subsidence. Conclusions: We consider LLIF with PPS for dialysis-related spondyloarthropathy to be an effective treatment option because its surgical invasiveness and clinical outcomes were comparable to those for cases of lumbar degenerative disease. However, as endplate failure due to bone fragility and a reduced bone fusion rate were observed in dialysis spondylolisthesis cases, we advise a careful selection of indications for indirect decompression as well as the application of suitable pre- and postoperative adjuvant therapies.
Effects of Land Use Type Transformation on the Structure and Diversity of Soil Bacterial Communities
Authors: Hua Henian , Sui Xin , Liu Yanan , Liu Xu , Chang Qiuyang , Xu Ruiting , Li Mengsha , Mu Liqiang
Published: February 2024

Soil microbiota are significantly influenced by their microenvironments. Therefore, to understand the impacts of various land use patterns on the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities, this study focused on three typical land use types—NF (natural forest), AF (artificial forests), and FL (farmland)—in the Heilongjiang Central Station Black-billed Capercaillie National Nature Reserve, located in the southwestern part of Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province, China. Using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we examined the soil bacterial community structures in these different land use types and explored their correlation with soil environmental factors. The following were our main observations: (1) Significant variations in soil chemical properties among different land use patterns were observed. In artificial forests, total nitrogen (TN), alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN), total phosphorus (TP), and available phosphorus (AP) were higher compared to farmland and significantly higher than those in natural forests. Furthermore, the organic carbon content (SOC) in natural forests was higher than in artificial forests and significantly higher than in farmland. (2) Comparative analysis using the Shannon and Simpson indices revealed that bacterial community diversity was higher in artificial forests than in natural forests, which was significantly higher than in farmland. (3) The effect of different land use types on soil bacterial community structure was not significant. The three land types were dominated by Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Proteobacteria exhibited a higher relative abundance in farmland and artificial forests compared to natural forests, whereas Actinobacteria exhibited the lowest relative abundance in natural forests. (4) Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that SOC, TN, AN, and AP were key environmental factors influencing the microbial communities of soil. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that land use practices can significantly alter soil nutrient levels, thereby influencing the structure of bacterial communities.
Atomic-Scale Structural Properties in NiCo2O4/CuFe2O4 Bilayer Heterostructures on (001)-MgAl2O4 Substrate Regulated by Film Thickness
Authors: Liu Kun , Zhang Ruyi , Li Jiankang , Zhang Songyou
Published: February 2024

Changing film thickness to manipulate microstructural properties has been considered as a potential method in practical application. Here, we report that atomic-scale structural properties are regulated by film thickness in an NiCO2O4(NCO)/CuFe2O4(CFO) bilayer heterostructure prepared on (001)-MgAl2O4 (MAO) substrate by means of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The misfit dislocations at the NCO/CFO interface and antiphase boundaries (APBs) bound to dislocations within the films are both found in NCO (40 nm)/CFO (40 nm)/MAO heterostructures, contributing to the relaxation of mismatch lattice strain. In addition, the non-overlapping a/4[101]-APB is found and the structural transformation of this kind of APB is resolved at the atomic scale. In contrast, only the interfacial dislocations form at the interface without the formation of APBs within the films in NCO (10 nm)/CFO (40 nm)/MAO heterostructures. Our results provide evidence that the formation of microstructural defects can be regulated by changing film thickness to tune the magnetic properties of epitaxial bilayer spinel oxide films.
Investigation of Tool Degradation during Friction Stir Welding of Hybrid Aluminum–Steel Sheets in a Combined Butt and Overlap Joint
Authors: Göbel Robin , Schwertel Stefanie , Weihe Stefan , Werz Martin
Published: February 2024

Friction stir welding, as a solid-state welding technique, is especially suitable for effectively joining high-strength aluminum alloys, as well as for multi-material welds. This research investigates the friction stir welding of thin aluminum and steel sheets, an essential process in the production of hybrid tailor-welded blanks employed in deep drawing applications. Despite its proven advantages, the welding process exhibits variable outcomes concerning formability and joint strength when utilizing an H13 welding tool. To better understand these inconsistencies, multiple welds were performed in this study, joining 1 mm thick steel to 2 mm thick aluminum sheets, with a cumulative length of 7.65 m. The accumulation of material on the welding tool was documented through 3D scanning and weighing. The integrity of the resulting weld seam was analyzed through metallographic sections and X-ray imaging. It was found that the adhering material built up continuously around the tool pin over several welds totaling between 1.5 m and 2.5 m before ultimately detaching. This accretion of material notably affected the welding process, resulting in increased intermixing of steel particles within the aluminum matrix. This research provides detailed insights into the dynamics of friction stir welding in multi-material welds, particularly in the context of tool material interaction and its impact on weld quality.
Method for Calculating the Bending Stiffness of Honeycomb Paperboard
Authors: Kmita-Fudalej Gabriela , Kołakowski Zbigniew , Szewczyk Włodzimierz
Published: February 2024

The article presents continued considerations presented in a prior publication on the development of a model for calculating the bending stiffness BS of cellular honeycomb paperboards, applying the strength properties of paper raw materials used for the production of paperboard and the geometric parameters of cellular board. The results of BS calculations obtained by using the analytical model presented in the prior publication were significantly overestimated in relation to the value obtained by measurements. The calculation error in relation to the measurement value for the tested group of paperboards in the case of bending stiffness in the machine direction MD was within the range from 23% to 116%, and the average error was 65%, while in the cross direction CD, it was within the range from 2% to 54%, and the average error was 31%. The calculation model proposed in this work based on the physical properties of cellular paperboard reduces the error values for bending stiffness in both the machine and cross directions. The value of the average error for both main directions in the paperboard plane was 10%. The method enables more accurate determination of BS in the machine direction MD and in the cross direction CD at the paperboard design stage. In order to validate the proposed analytical model, the calculation results were compared with the results of BS laboratory measurements performed using the four-point bending method and, in order to expand the group of tested paperboards, with the measurement results presented in the prior article for cardboards with different raw material composition and different geometric parameters.
Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature and Acid-Base Pre-Treatment on the Synthesis of Biochar-Based Slow-Release Selenium Fertilizer and Its Release in Soil
Authors: Chu Jun , Wang Suikai , Yu Jie , Gao Yuting , Tang Zhenya , Yang Qiliang
Published: February 2024

Plant-derived selenium is an important source of selenium (Se) for humans, which, however, has been restricted by a low content of Se in soil. Traditional Se fertilizers have tended to result in low selenium utilization. Thus, it was necessary to develop a new slow-release material to control Se fertilizer release. In this study, biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C and 800 °C was cross-linked with polyethyleneimine (PEI) after being treated with HNO3 or NaOH (which were labeled Acid-W300, Acid-W800, Alkali-W300, and Alkali-W800). The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of Acid-W300, Alkali-W300, Acid-W800, and Alkali-W800 were 329.16 mg/g, 321.93 mg/g, 315.04 mg/g, and 344.33 mg/g, respectively. Among them, Acid-W800 and Alkali-W800 were mainly imine- and amide-bonded with SO32−, while Acid-W300 and Alkali-W300 were loaded with SO32− by forming the C–Se bonding as well as through imine- and amide-bonding. The release of four biochar-based selenium fertilizers in the red soil and brown soil extracts conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The release rate and release amount of four biochar-based selenium fertilizers in the red soil extract were higher than those in the brown soil extract. Alkali-W800-Se had a higher proportion of Se-exchangeable release, accounting for 87.5% of the total loaded selenium, while Acid-W300-Se had the lowest proportion at 62.2%. However, the Se releases of Alkali-W800-Se were more than 42.49% and 37.67% of the total Se-loading capacity during 5 days of continuous red soil extraction and brown soil extraction, respectively. Acid-W300-Se released less than 20% of the total Se-loading capacity. Thus, Acid-W300-Se was the recommended slow-release Se fertilizer in red soil and brown soil.
An Assembly Sequence Planning Method Based on Multiple Optimal Solutions Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wan Xin , Liu Kun , Qiu Weijian , Kang Zhenhang
Published: February 2024

Assembly sequence planning (ASP) is an indispensable and important step in the intelligent assembly process, and aims to solve the optimal assembly sequence with the shortest assembly time as its optimization goal. This paper focuses on modular cabin construction for large cruise ships, tackling the complexities and challenges of part assembly during the process, based on real engineering problems. It introduces the multiple optimal solutions genetic algorithm (MOSGA). The MOSGA analyzes product constraints and establishes a mathematical model. Firstly, the traditional genetic algorithm (GA) is improved in the case of falling into the local optimum when facing complex problems, so that it can jump out of the local optimum under the condition of satisfying the processing constraints and achieve the global search effect. Secondly, the problem whereby the traditional search algorithm converges to the unique optimal solution is solved, and multiple unique optimal solutions that are more suitable for the actual assembly problem are solved. Thirdly, for a variety of restrictions and emergencies that may occur during the assembly process, the assembly sequence flexible planning (ASFP) method is introduced so that each assembly can be flexibly adjusted. Finally, an example is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. This method improves the assembly efficiency and the diversity of assembly sequence selection, and can flexibly adjust the assembly sequence, which has important guiding significance for the ASP problem.
Development of Stable Packaging and Producer Cell Lines for the Production of AAV Vectors
Authors: Merten Otto-Wilhelm
Published: February 2024

Today, recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors represent the vector systems which are mostly used for in vivo gene therapy for the treatment of rare and less-rare diseases. Although most of the past developments have been performed by using a transfection-based method and more than half of the authorized rAAV-based treatments are based on transfection process, the tendency is towards the use of stable inducible packaging and producer cell lines because their use is much more straightforward and leads in parallel to reduction in the overall manufacturing costs. This article presents the development of HeLa cell-based packaging/producer cell lines up to their use for large-scale rAAV vector production, the more recent development of HEK293-based packaging and producer cell lines, as well as of packaging cell lines based on the use of Sf9 cells. The production features are presented in brief (where available), including vector titer, specific productivity, and full-to-empty particle ratio.
The Validity of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness as a Nutritional Risk Indicator in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Maruyama Motoki , Kagaya Yuki , Kajiwara Sota , Oikawa Takuto , Horikawa Manabu , Fujimoto Mika , Sasaki Masahiro
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to investigate whether quadriceps muscle thickness (QMT) is useful for nutritional assessment in patients with stroke. This was a retrospective cohort study. Nutritional risk was assessed using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), with GNRI < 92 indicating a risk of malnutrition and GNRI ≥ 92 indicating normal conditions. Muscle mass was assessed using QMT and calf circumference (CC). The outcome was Functional Independence Measure (FIM) effectiveness. The cutoff values of QMT and CC for discriminating between high and low GNRI were determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve. The accuracy of the nutritional risk discrimination model was evaluated using the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between nutritional risk, as defined by QMT and CC, and FIM effectiveness. A total of 113 patients were included in the analysis. The cutoff values of QMT and CC for determining nutritional risk were 49.630 mm and 32.0 cm for men (MCC: 0.576; 0.553) and 41.185 mm and 31.0 cm for women (MCC: 0.611; 0.530). Multiple regression analysis showed that only nutritional risk defined by QMT was associated with FIM effectiveness. These findings indicate that QMT is valid for assessing nutritional risk in patients with stroke.
Emerging Roles of Epigenetics in Grapevine and Winegrowing
Authors: Venios Xenophon , Gkizi Danai , Nisiotou Aspasia , Korkas Elias , Tjamos Sotirios , Zamioudis Christos , Banilas Georgios
Published: February 2024

Epigenetics refers to dynamic chemical modifications to the genome that can perpetuate gene activity without changes in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in growth and development. They may also drive plant adaptation to adverse environmental conditions by buffering environmental variation. Grapevine is an important perennial fruit crop cultivated worldwide, but mostly in temperate zones with hot and dry summers. The decrease in rainfall and the rise in temperature due to climate change, along with the expansion of pests and diseases, constitute serious threats to the sustainability of winegrowing. Ongoing research shows that epigenetic modifications are key regulators of important grapevine developmental processes, including berry growth and ripening. Variations in epigenetic modifications driven by genotype–environment interplay may also lead to novel phenotypes in response to environmental cues, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the emerging field of grapevine epigenetics. We primarily highlight the impact of epigenetics to grapevine stress responses and acquisition of stress tolerance. We further discuss how epigenetics may affect winegrowing and also shape the quality of wine.
“They Finally See Me, They Trust Me, My Brother’s Coming Home” Recognising the Motivations and Role of Siblings Who Become Kinship Carers
Authors: Stabler Lorna
Published: February 2024

Despite a widespread focus on grandparents, a large proportion of kinship care in the UK is provided by older siblings. What drives older siblings to become kinship carers, and how this might differ from other kinship carers, is not well represented in academic literature. In this study, narrative interviews were carried out with thirteen adults across England, Scotland, and Wales who had experience being the main carer for their younger sibling(s) when their parents could not care for them sufficiently. The narrative method elicited holistic accounts of participants experiences of being a sibling carer, and the analysis generated three groups of narrative accounts highlighting how and why some sibling kinship care arrangements come about—with siblings wanting to bring their younger siblings back into their family; siblings trying to keep their younger siblings in their family; or older siblings stepping in to fill a gap in parenting at home. The paper draws on the narrative accounts of participants to build the groups, presenting an illustrative narrative account to represent each group. Importantly, these accounts demonstrate how becoming a kinship carer as an older sibling may, or may not, be recognised or fit into wider narratives of what becoming a kinship carer looks like. It is hoped that these accounts will prompt practitioners and policymakers to look more closely at the role of siblings when considering who is and who should be involved in deciding how to support children to remain within their family network.
Retaining Non-EU Immigrants in Rural Areas to Sustain Depopulated Regions: Motives to Remain
Authors: Diogo Elisete
Published: February 2024

Rural areas face multiple challenges. Among these are population decline and the attendant economic and social problems, namely demographic issues. Although the factors that draw immigrants to other countries are known, comprehending the factors that result in immigrants remaining in rural areas after their arrival could support informed local policies and practices. The purpose of the study is to explore the motivations that shape immigrants’ intentions to stay in Alentejo, a depopulated region in Portugal. The research questions are as follows: What motivates immigrants to remain in depopulated regions in Portugal? Furthermore, what contributions can practitioners and immigrants make to local policies and practices? Practitioners (n = 8) and non-European Union immigrants (n = 15) living in this region were interviewed between 2020 and 2021. The empirical data were analyzed using the MaxQDA software. The results indicated that the intention to remain in rural areas arises from a progressive process: this is a process that immigrants experience that motivates them to stay there long-term. The factors influencing the process include four components described throughout this work: (1) Instrumental and material motivations; (2) Emotional and social motivations; (3) Motivations based on the quality of life; and (4) Motivations based on the political dimension. The conclusions highlight the implications for policies and practices, suggesting more investment into rural regions to reverse the depopulation trend.
Objective Gait Analysis Using a Single-Point Wearable Sensor to Assess Lumbar Spine Patients Pre- and Postoperatively
Authors: Fonseka R Dineth , Natarajan Pragadesh , Maharaj Monish Movin , Koinis Lianne , Sy Luke , Mobbs Ralph Jasper
Published: February 2024

Background: Outcome measurement in lumbar surgery is traditionally performed using patient questionnaires that may be limited by subjectivity. Objective gait analysis may supplement patient assessment but must be clinically viable. We assessed gait metrics in lumbar spine patients pre- and postoperatively using a small and lightweight wearable sensor. Methods: This was a prospective observational study with intervention including 12 patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery and 24 healthy controls matched based on age and sex. All the subjects underwent gait analysis using the single-point wearable MetaMotionC sensor. The lumbar spine patients also completed traditional patient questionnaires including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results: The ODI score significantly improved in the patients from the baseline to six weeks postoperatively (42.4 to 22.8; p = 0.01). Simultaneously, the patients demonstrated significant improvements in gait asymmetry (asymmetry in step length, swing time, single support time, and double support time, by 17.4–60.3%; p ≤ 0.039) and variability (variability in gait velocity, step time, step length, stance time, swing time, single support time, and double support time, by 21.0–65.8%; p ≤ 0.023). After surgery, changes in most spatiotemporal (gait velocity, step length, stance time, swing time, and single limb support time) and asymmetry (asymmetry in step time, stance time, swing time, and single limb support time) metrics correlated strongly (magnitude of r = 0.581–0.914) and significantly (p ≤ 0.037) with changes in the ODI. Conclusions: Gait analysis using a single-point wearable sensor can demonstrate objective evidence of recovery in lumbar spine patients after surgery. This may be used as a routine pre- and postoperative assessment during scheduled visits to the clinic.
Manifestasi klinis, pemeriksaan penunjang, diagnosis dan tatalaksana abses paru pada anak
Authors: Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Herdata Heru Noviat , Liansyah Tita Menawati , Zakaria Iskandar , Sufriani Sufriani , Safana Garsia
Published: February 2024

Abses paru merupakan rongga berdinding tebal yang mengandung bahan purulen akibat supurasi dan nekrosis pada parenkim paru yang terlibat. Berdasarkan faktor predsposisi, maka abses paru pada anak dapat dibagi menjadi abses paru primer dan sekunder. Penyebab utama terjadinya abses paru primer adalah Streptococcus pneumoniae atau Staphylococcus aureus. Abses sekunder diperberat oleh penyakit paru, misalnya bronkhiektasis, fibrosis kistik, infark paru. Diagnsosis abses paru pada anak ditegakkan berdasarkan gambaran klinis dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Dicurigai abses paru apabila terdapat keluhan demam dan batuk, dan adanya tanda-tanda konsolidasi paru. Pemeriksaan penunjang diperlukan untuk memperkuat diagnosis abses paru meliputi rontgen dada, ultrasonografi, dan computed tomography (CT Scan). Tatalaksana abses paru meliputi tatalaksana umum dan khusus. Tatalaksana umum meliputi pemberian makanan dan cairan yang cukup dan oksigen. Pemberian oksigen dilakukan jika ada gejala sesak nafas. Selanjutnya, tatalaksana khusus meliputi pemberikan antibiotika, drainase dan tindakan operatif (lobektomi). Antibiotik secara inta vena yang tepat direkomendasikan sebagai terapi awal untuk abses paru. Jika tidak ada perbaikan klinis dan radiologis yang bermakna, maka dipertimbangkan dilakukan drainase. Seterusnya, jika dengan drainase juga tidak ada perbaikan, maka langkah terakhir adalak dilakukan lobektomi.
Unveiling Investment Horizons: Exploring Financial Avenues and Household Investor Sentiments in Odisha’s Capital
Authors: Prasad Sahoo Aditya
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out how household investors think about various financial avenues for investing by stimulating their opinions. Additionally, an effort was made to offer to the government an appropriate mechanism for implementing the plans more effectively and to the maximum satisfaction of individuals investing in a financial instrument. The study investigates the household investor’s perception of various financial avenues available for investment in the capital of Odisha. In this study, the primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire from a sample of 255 which was issued to the respondents of the total population and collected 231 responses finally, only 200 samples are considered for analysis, and the balance of 31 was not considered due to incomplete response. It is found that household investors are more inclined to government securities than other financial avenues for investment as the p-value of all the component are less than 0.05 level. Household investors are still inclined towards low-risk financial avenues as they were found to be risk-averse. They still prefer to stay on the safe side of the investment. However, the government should take more steps for simplifying the rules and regulations for investment in government securities.
Rate of Inflation Between India and Developed Countries in the Recent Scenario
Authors: Ebenezer Y , Jerhona Shamma K
Published: February 2024

Inflation is a crucial economic indicator used to assess the health of an economy, with the potential to create both positive and negative outcomes. Inflation rates can affect the decision-making process of key players in the economy such as producers, consumers, and policymakers. Therefore, maintaining a desirable rate of inflation is crucial for sustaining stable economic growth in the country. This study aimed to examine the difference in the rate of inflation between India and developed countries such as Germany, the UK, and the USA. The study utilized secondary data collected between 2010 and 2022 and applied descriptive statistics to assess the nature of inflation between the countries. The results indicate that India has been experiencing a high rate of inflation, while the developed countries have been experiencing moderate, creeping inflation during the study period. During the post-pandemic scenario, the rate of inflation in developed countries was found to be significantly higher than that of India. The study suggests that the government should implement a tight monetary and fiscal policy, similar to India’s, to maintain a moderate level of inflation in the country over time. Furthermore, political leaders have to maximise spending more on productive projects and minimize unproductive public expenditure to maintain fiscal and sustained price stability and achieve sustainable economic growth.
Green Marketing: Gains and Opportunities
Authors: Naveen Kumar C.M
Published: February 2024

The promotion of eco-friendly initiatives, services, and products is referred to as green marketing. It involves a wide range of strategies and practices. Examples of this include the creation of eco-friendly products. Products marketed as environmentally safe are called “green marketing.” This practice involves a wide range of activities, such as product modification and the use of sustainable materials. It is essential for the existence of humans. It may take a long time to achieve this goal, but it will be very profitable. The key components of this strategy include the promotion of the product, the price, and the place of the product. These factors should be modified in order to encourage green marketing and reduce waste. The concept of green marketing has gained widespread recognition in the modern market. It has allowed companies to re-market and packages their products according to guidelines that are already in place. It has also opened up the possibility of companies branding their products in a way that promotes the green credentials of some while ignoring others. The concept of green marketing is gaining popularity in India. It is a strategy that aims to encourage environmentally friendly practices in the country. It is also used to promote products that are made from sustainable materials. Due to the increasing environmental hazards, it is very important that companies create awareness about the importance of protecting the environment. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of green marketing in the Indian market. This paper also explores the various advantages of green marketing and its challenges. It explains the reasons why companies are starting to adopt this strategy.
Socio-Economic Condition of Slum Dwellers in Bankura Town: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Barman Dhiren
Published: February 2024

The word “slum” refers to informal settlements in which the condition of houses is bad and living conditions are very poor. In Bankura town, there are 295 total slums, which are home to 46,341 people. This represents around 33.73% of Bankura town’s overall population. The slum population in Bankura town is continuously increasing. The slum dwellers in Bankura town mainly deprived from education, metal road, water supply, drainage and sanitation system. Some basic amenities need urgent attention in slum area by ULB of Bankura town. i.e. water supply , drainage and sanitation, education, shelter and road etc. The highest number of slum population located in Ward nos. 4, 10, 12, 17, 19, and 20 and maximum number of BPL population is located in Ward no. 19 and 20. The highest number of illiterate slum population is found in Ward no. 4, 10, 12, 17, 19, 20 and 22. The highest number of households in Ward no. 19 is having remote access to drinking water; whereas in Ward no. 1 & 2 are having a lowest number of houses with remote access to drinking water sources. The highest number of houses with access road to house as kutcha road is found in Ward no. 19. The highest number of slum population identifying use of toilet as others, non-earning population, woman-earning member and drop out children in slum is observed in Ward no. 19. It is observed that slum population in Ward no. 19 and 20 are in worst condition in comparison to Ward no. 1 and 2. Development policies must be framed to prevent the formation of new slums and take necessary strategies for the development of socio-economic condition of slum dwellers in Bankura town.
Does Reform Lead to Change in The Import Pattern of Oil and Oilseeds of India?
Authors: Loganathan V.
Published: February 2024

India has completed two and a half decades of economic reforms. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the impact of reforms on India’s oil and oil seeds export and imports in terms of quantity and also value. The impact has been measured through decadal value, Compound Growth Rate (CGR), Instability Index (II) and Dummy Semi-Logarithmic Regression Estimation. The CGR of export of oilseeds has moved from negative to positive during the reform period viz. cotton seed, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, and copra. most of the oilseed has fallen under a low Instability Index group. The import of other oilseeds, olive oil, sesame seed and oil palm has been increased during the reform period compared to the pre-reform period. The estimation of the semi-log regression model confirmed that there has been a positive and significant change in the import of oilseeds and oils during the reform period.
Impacts of Rural Transformation on Occupational Structure and Earnings of the Migrants in Madurai District
Authors: Kiranekumar M. , Ramanathan T.
Published: February 2024

Rural transformation has the potential to significantly impact the occupational structure and earnings of migrants. This study aims to examine the impact of rural transformation on occupational structure and earnings of migrants in Melur and T.Kallupatti taluks of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, India. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. Primary data is collected through household surveys and in-depth interviews with migrants, while secondary data is obtained from government records, census reports, and academic publications. The study finds that rural transformation has led to a shift in the occupational structure of migrants, with a decline in agricultural occupations and an increase in non-farm employment opportunities. Earnings of migrants have also increased as a result of rural transformation. The study concludes that rural transformation can have a positive impact on the occupational structure and earnings of migrants.
An Evaluation on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Education Specific to ChatGPT
Authors: Satir Tuba , Tuğrul Korucu Agah
Published: February 2024

The use of artificial intelligence in education is accepted as one of the important discussion topics of the recent period. Artificial intelligence, which can be used actively in all areas of social life, can also be actively used in education. At this point, the relationship between artificial intelligence and education should be evaluated in the context of current and historical debates. Artificial intelligence technologies can offer many advantages in educational activities and also increase the quality of education. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to reveal the use of artificial intelligence in education in particular ChatGPT. Although ChatGPT is an up-to-date technology, there are significant discussions about its advantages in education. ChatGPT is a language-based artificial intelligence robot, it has started to be used in many fields, especially in education. In the study conducted on this axis, the use of artificial intelligence in education was evaluated in particular ChatGPT by using the literature review method. ChatGPT has created important opportunities in education with its advantages. As a matter of fact, this situation is also observed in the literature. ChatGPT modernizes education by offering different forms of convenience and advantages in different areas of education.
Activity-Based Fundamental Music Theory Instruction in Amateur Guitar Education
Authors: Ceviz Berk
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to prepare activity-based lesson plans for amateur guitar education to teach note theory and practice on guitar, and to test the effectiveness of this teaching method. The research model is a single-group pretest-posttest design, and it was carried out with 5 students at the beginner level for 4 lessons of instructional process. The data obtained from performance tests were evaluated based on a 5-point Likert scale determined by three field experts, and the average success scores of the students for the relevant unit were determined. As a result of the evaluation, student achievements ranged between 97,5-100, and it was concluded that guitar education based on activity-based lesson plans was successful.
Developing Higher Education Curriculum to Reinvent Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University as University for Sustainable Local Development: Case of Bachelor of Education in Computer and Industrial Education Program
Authors: Intarakaset Somya , Philuek Wudhijaya , Bruranahirunn Siribhorn
Published: February 2024

Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University is a non-profit public institution of higher education located in the city of Nakhon Sawan, Thailand was founded in 1922. The Faculty of Education has been organizing teaching and learning to produce computer teachers for more than 10 years and namely the major was changed according to presented technology and development. The purpose of this research was to develop a Bachelor of Education curriculum in Computer and Industrial Education in the Sandbox format with the concept of competency-based curriculum development and guidelines for the implementation of the Thai Qualifications Framework for Higher Education. Researchers used both qualitative and quantitative research methodology in conduct the research. Using Mean and Standard Deviation to describing the data was used. The results of this research show the consistent of curriculum development and detailing in this paper. Thus, the result of this paper is part of the whole completed work.
Comparison of Problem-Posing Self-Efficacy Beliefs among Mathematics Teachers in Science and Art Centres (SAC) and State Schools
Authors: Yildiz Avni
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to compare the self-efficacy beliefs in problem posing of middle school mathematics teachers in Science and Art Centres and state schools. A descriptive research model was employed. The study was conducted with 187 teachers and “Teachers’ Problem Posing Self-Efficacy Beliefs Inventory” (TPPBEI) was used. In the study, it was observed that the problem posing self-efficacy beliefs of middle school mathematics teachers in both groups were high, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups, favoring the teachers working in SAC.
Impact of Watching English Movies, Series, and Cartoons on English Language Learning of a Private University in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahbub Rahman M
Published: February 2024

The article examines the influence of English movies, series and cartoons on students majoring in English at a university in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to ascertain the potential impact of films, series, and cartoons on the acquisition of the English language and to determine the extent of their influence. This quantitative research centered on the English department located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A set of questionnaires was employed to administer a series of inquiries to140 students. The research uses both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources include surveys and interviews, while secondary data sources encompass journals, publications, previous research, and websites. This study has shown the significant impact exerted by English films, series, and cartoons on the EFL learners. The development of English language proficiency—reading, speaking, listening, writing—was noticeably improved. It is found that watching English series, cartoons and movies is a quick and effective way for EFL students to pick up the language. The approach functions as an audio lingual method, incorporating visual aids and facilitating situational language instruction. Moreover, the subtitles have been found to enhance both reading and writing abilities, as well as promote social interactions and foster a deeper understanding of the culture of native speakers. This research will also provide valuable insights for future scholars and researchers.
A Study of Anita Nair’s Novels in the Perspective of Digital Humanities
Authors: C. Chellappan
Published: February 2024

This article presents a perspective on Anita Nair’s novels from the lens of digital humanities. It explores the application of digital tools and methodologies to analyze and interpret Nair’s works, highlighting the themes, characters, and narrative structures that emerge from such analysis. Through a comparative approach, the article delves into Nair’s novels, emphasizing their relevance in the digital age.
Innovation in Teaching English with Digital Tools
Authors: A. Govardhini
Published: February 2024

The technology is omnipresent and indispensable at present era. Due to the technology, the education of teaching English is undergone an enormous transformation. The recent technology signifies the major development in the English language teaching and learning methods. The English teachers are very energetically integrating the technological teaching materials planned to make possible and through this, it helps the most advantageous in teaching delivery. According to the language teaching, the digital virtual media is occupied the classroom. At present era, the teaching is too interesting because of the digital media. The language teachers are creating a visualized of innovative in approach. “Technology in Education” is being an important role in educational field. The students need for technology in the education system. The conventional methods are based on lecturing but the present learning is foundation on interactive learning method. The modern technologies like Internet, Skype, Interactive Boards, Blogs, Android phones, Twitter, YouTube are used for the learner’s interactive session in the classroom. The research paper attempts to establish the use of technology in language teaching and it brings new teaching technique and to make sure the effective and quality based teaching.
Ethics in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: S. Mahalakshmi
Published: February 2024

The contemporary discourse is saturated with discussions on artificial intelligence (AI). A mere two months after the introduction of ChatGPT, a January 2023 survey revealed that 89 percent of students were utilizing it for various academic tasks such as essay composition, paper outlining, and completing take-home tests. Traditionally, humanities courses emphasized cognitive skills like reading, researching, and articulating thoughts in eloquent prose. However, the landscape has evolved, enabling the application of sophisticated prompt engineering and AI models for tasks such as formulating questions, summarizing intricate research articles, presenting the pros and cons of an argument, and crafting essays with citations. This paradigm shift extends beyond academia, impacting the dynamic job market and prompting significant changes in higher education. Contrary to earlier beliefs that automation primarily threatened manual labor, the recent transformation encompasses intellectual tasks across diverse sectors. White-collar jobs, once considered secure for college graduates, are now susceptible to automation, affecting areas ranging from coding to essential humanities skills highly valued by employers. Notably, an OpenAI study revealed that 80 percent of US workers could witness at least a 10 percent automation of their tasks.
Recent Trends in Digital Humanities: A Focus on Language and Literature
Authors: J. Jeffrin
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the evolving landscape of Digital Humanities with a specific focus on language and literature, drawing insights from recent trends and developments. The integration of digital technologies has significantly impacted the study of human culture, enabling scholars to delve deeper into linguistic and literary analysis. By examining the intersection of Digital Humanities, language studies, and literature, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the field and its implications for literary analysis. The chosen novel serves as a case study to illustrate the practical applications of these trends in a concrete literary context.
Platonic Love in Nicholas Sparks’ The Best of Me
Authors: Vishnu Priya R
Published: February 2024

Love is antidote of all sufferings and our problems. A strong love can create a healthy mind which makes a healthy body and life. Platonic love is metaphysical and spiritual. It is beyond biological. The aim of the paper focusses the platonic love of two people in The Best of Me which revolves around Dawson Cole and Amanda Collier, the hero and heroine of the novel. The novel discusses the childhood memories of the two adults. The two had a deep and meaningful connection as teenagers before being pulled apart by the differences in their socioeconomic status. As they get back together after twenty years apart to attend their mutual friend’s funeral in their hometown. Amanda and Dawson discover that their bond endures as they spend more time together. However, Amanda is married and having children and faces the difficulties in life. Amanda and Dawson fight for their feelings for one another throughout the novel even they know it is inappropriate and possibly harmful to go for a romantic connection. Despite this, Amanda and Dawson still cherish their friendship because they know it provides them with the love and support they need to move forward in life. Through this novel the study tries to explore the complexity of platonic love, highlighting its importance and power.
Impact of Audio-Visual Aids in Teaching English to Government Engineering College
Authors: Kumar V , Maheswari K
Published: February 2024

During the British colonial era, English was brought to India and has since flourished everywhere. English has become a required language in higher education. English becomes the language of higher learning. It is also recognized as the language of administration, science and technology, libraries, politics and so on. English is a language that connects people because of its adaptability and widespread adoption. The present paper explores the use of audio-visual aids in Government Engineering College in Tirunelveli.
Digital Tools for Teaching English An Effective and Innovative Way
Authors: Usha Bharathi M
Published: February 2024

The digitization of education has been being over the last decade, specifically with the invention of the tablet computer and the wide vacuity of high- speed internet. These developments have made it possible for every pupil to have a digital device and access to an array of digital tools. Indeed, utmost language classrooms include an Internet- enabled computer and a projector. Language acquisition is a complex process that involves the development of various skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The advent of digital technology has transformed the educational paradigm. Digital tools offer a dynamic and interactive approach to language instruction, catering to the diverse needs of students in the 21st century. The benefits of digital tools in language teaching are evident, their effective integration into the curriculum requires careful planning and implementation. A number of online English tutoring platforms for managing and running classes, utmost virtual preceptors use videotape conferencing software to communicate and hold meetings with scholars. While teleconferencing programs vary in the features they have, they should at least enable one can use their videotape camera, partake screen, and converse with the scholars. They should also be stable, stoner-friendly, and suitable to accommodate groups. This paper explores the myriad of digital tools available for teaching English, focusing on their effectiveness and impact on language learning.
Digital Humanities and Collaborative Writing Platforms: Transforming Literary Creation
Authors: Raj Elna
Published: February 2024

The field of research in digital humanities hasundergone a rapid transformation in recentyears.This research looks at how collaborative writing platforms can alter how literary creativity and digital humanities are treated. The research looks into the development of digital tools that enable collaborative authoring, as well as the interaction between technology and collaborative processes. The purpose of this article is to examine conventional notions of authorship, originality, and the democratization of literary expression.