bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ORIGINS OF NORTH KOREAN NUCLEAR AMBITIONS OF TRAUMATISING THE WORLD 1950-2017
Authors: Kenedy Fonju (Ph.D) Dr. Njuafac
Published: February 2023

During the 1950s, the principle  of nuclear threat  was actually applied by the capitalist  and Communist  backed by United States of America(U.S.A) and Union of the Soviet  Socialist Republic (U.S.S.R) in both Northern and Southern Korea  during the Korean War which lasted from 1950 to 1953 with the signing of  an armistice . But U.S. forces strongly inflicted waste to North Korean targets, dropping tons of bombs and napalm, which killed over 20 percent of the Korean population. Therefore, the advancement of North Korean nuclear building and testing is the result of over half a century of steadily accumulated scientific know-how and single-minded subterfuge, taking advantage of lax regulations and shady foreign partners to hoodwink the international non-proliferation regime to prepare any further aggression from whom so ever. North Korea has shown that she is dedicated to acquiring nuclear weapons, and it is very hard to stop any country that is completely dedicated. In fact, the combination of such radical military diplomatic strategies, sale of missile technologies and the export of coal and minerals have enabled North Korea to be able to finance its nuclear procurement the way it desired. North Korea is very creative in the way that it goes about sanctions evasion, and the patterns in which it goes about it vary. For example, North Korea often sends trusted nationals to China to set up front companies, often in collaboration with Chinese citizens. These companies then import equipment from Western manufacturers, who often have no way of knowing that the companies are really fronts controlled by the North Korean regime. This enable the country to be more advance in terms of manufacturing and launching of atomic bombs in Asia to frighten a lone HyperSuper power (United States of America) the rest of the World. The present article intends to sort out clearly what provoked North Korea to be aggressively building up and testing her atomic bombs spanning from 1950 to 2017. We decided to use the methodology of collecting evidence from specialized journals, magazines, websites, and other relevant sources which can be useful to tackle the main problem of the present article.  Our findings show that the phenomenon of Korean nuclear threats is link to massive terrorist practices in the Asian Continent which has been affecting nearly all other continents in the 21st Century.
EXPLORING ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES OF MALAYSIAN WOMEN AS SMALL AND MICRO BUSINESS OWNERS: RESOURCE-BASED AND SOCIAL FEMINIST THEORIES PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ngah Dr Rohana , Mr Adlan  , Salleh Dr Zarina , Faizah Noor
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to identify the entrepreneurial competencies that women entrepreneurs in small and micro businesses perceived to be essential in establishing their business.  Entrepreneurial competencies are also regarded as essential to sustain their business and use the Resource-Based Theory and Social Feminist Theory to understand any variances. The qualitative approach was used to gather data through focus group interviews with 10 Malaysian women entrepreneurs to explore and understand women's entrepreneurial competencies. The Resource-Based Theory better explains most entrepreneurial competencies of women entrepreneurs identified in this study. Nevertheless, the social feminism theory helps explain some of the entrepreneurial competencies that have enabled these women entrepreneurs to reach their present achievement in business. This study provides future direction to policymakers and educators in designing intervention programs for women entrepreneurs, especially addressing different requirements at the different stages of their business life cycle.
TOPIC: THE CHALLENGES OF RUSSIAN CONTEMPORARY ENGAGEMENTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICAN STATES 1991-2019
Authors: Kenedy Fonju Dr. Njuafac
Published: February 2023

This paper deals with the challenges of Russian relations with thirty years of Russo- Southern African relations between 1991 and 2019, following the closure of several diplomatic services and questionable engagements of nuclear extension in the region with a hiding agenda of the 21st Century. Her incapacity to continue running some of  her embassies in the region was due to lack of financial resources which resulted from the collapse of  the  Cold War and disintegration of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR) into Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in 1991.The devastated  Russian economy could only left her behind unrealistic foreign agenda that was perfectly destroyed by Mikhail Gorbachev’s hasty declaration of Glasnost and Perestroika as  new international norms which facilitated the United States of America (U.S.A) to re-gain a unique prominent position as the Policeman of the World. This meant that Russian engagements with SubSaharan African countries were now in a handicap and dangerous stance towards the 21st Century. What then constituted Soviet Union’s lateness of foreign policy initiative towards Africa’s, challenges of the 1990s and new patterns of Russian relations and initiatives of exploiting natural resources and setting up of nuclear agenda in Southern African States are the main concerns of this study. With the adoption of a historical approach, the scrutiny of specialised sources concerning this question enabled us to come out with finding that, contemporary Russian attempt to aggressively  reinforce relations with specific Southern African countries pave the way forward of  Great Fear in case of any nuclear war in the 21st Century. That Southern and Central African leaders of Sub-Saharan Africa should be aware that the previous Cold War Super-Power competition was over but it took a new form in the face of a unique Hyper- Power position dominated by the United States in the Post-Cold War era which the crumbled Russia is recently bend to correct some of her mistakes through deeper penetration of main strategic zones of Africa as a means of preparing and multiplying her networks of attacks and defense in the Atlantic and India Oceans. This engagement with the Southern African Development Community (SADC) is very pertinent after thirty years of the collapsed of USSR and new orientations in international relations and international political economy with the challenges of the 21st Century Unite States.and China Hyper-economic positions in the global economic system with U.S Hyper-Power position in international politics as a unique policeman of the World.
TOTIC: PORTUGUESE PRE- COLONIAL AND COLONIAL DIPLOMATIC AGENTS OF TERRITORIAL EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF SAO - TOME AND PRINCIPE ISLANDS OF THE GULF OF GUINEA IN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN 1485-1975
Authors: Kenedy Fonju Dr. Njuafac
Published: February 2023

The present article brings out typologies of pre-colonial and colonial great figures that strongly coordinated, moderated and put in radical human forces of European exploration, exploitation and colonisation activities in the overseas colonies in Sub-Saharan Africa with examples drawn from the following important lucrative region known as the Gulf of Guinea within the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS). The two countries used as our case studies include Sao-Tome and Principe from 1485 to 1975 (490 years) with 210 official agents remarkably during the   pre-colonial and colonial periods. Considering the fact that most history books at times mentioned only few colonial administrators of the Continent, we therefore deemed it necessary to carry out this research on the various portfolios of specific foreign actors in full beginning from pre-colonial to end of colonial exploitations. The pre-colonial era brings out some of the foreign agents who in one way or the other prepared the ground work for deeper colonial partition, expropriation, expansion, exploitation and exaggerations of colonial activities as the best means to compensate themselves from the natural providence of the Black Continent in terms of natural and human resources well accessible in to the Atlantic Ocean. The work is divided into two parts using a chronological approach as indicated on the various tables and it brings out the total number of all prominent pre-colonial and colonial agents of the two countries. The scrutiny of specialized documents based on the pre-colonial and colonial Africa actually inspired us in the writing of this paper which can open new avenues to future researchers to find out in detail which of the Portuguese agent did what and when during their tenure of offices characterized with changing portfolios and revision of radical exploitative colonial policies colonialism.
SIN TAX LAW ATTRIBUTES ON THE BUYING BEHAVIOR, SMOKING HABITS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS
Authors: N Falculan Ken
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to determine the attributes of Sin Tax Law on the buying behaviors and academic performance of RSU students with smoking habits. It utilized the descriptive method of research in analyzing data and it uses the purposive sampling technique to determine the attributes of sin tax law to the buying behaviors and academic performance of students. Results drawn were number of students who smoked are between ages of 18-19 years old. Most of the respondents are male. Males smoked cigarettes more frequently than female. Majority of the respondents had a general weighted average of 1.75- 2.25. Respondents are aware of on the Sin Tax Law an act restructuring the excise tax on alcohol and tobacco products. The Law significantly affect the buying behavior of the respondents. The prevalence of smoking among college students decreases. Level of awareness of students on Sin Tax Law has significant relationship with their buying behaviors. In addition, the academic performance of the students is not affected by the level of awareness, buying behavior and smoking habits. The implementation of this law must be strictly imposed by the local government and the academe to help in decreasing or even stopping in consumption of cigarettes among college students and to all smokers in the community.
IMPORTANCE OF CONSIDERING QUALITY INDICATORS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE. APPLICATION OF A TWOSTAGE CLUSTER ANALYSIS.
Authors: Luisa Godoy Caballero Dr. Ana , Regino Murillo Zamorano Dr. Luis
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency and quality of primary healthcare in Extremadura (Spain), assessing at the same time the importance and influence of the quality indicators in the performance of the health units. This analysis considers a series of quality indicators that may affect the efficiency and activity levels of a series of primary care centres. We build different synthetic indices of quantitative output; output adjusted by quality; input, and costs, applying Principal Component Analysis. Using those indices we run several two‐stage cluster analyses. In a first analysis, the output of the health system is obtained from a strictly quantitative point of view and compared to the levels of inputs and costs. In a second analysis, we include an output adjusted by quality to perform such a comparison. The health units in which the region is organised can be clustered in four levels of efficiency and activity: efficientactive, efficient‐inactive, inefficient‐active and inefficient-inactive. The comparison of both analyses highlights the importance of considering qualitative indicators as they substantially influence the efficiency and activity levels of the different primary healthcare centres.
DENTAL AGE ESTIMATION USING DEMIRIJAN’S 7 TEETH AND 8 TEETH METHOD APPLYING IN RAJASTHAN (KOTA) POPULATION
Authors: Mankel Dr Hemant , Gupta Dr charvi , Ghosh Dr Akash
Published: February 2023

Introduction Accurate age estimation is required in the field of health sciences, as it is relevant to the timing of various treatment procedures. Differences in the development among children of the same chronological age have led to the concept of physiologic age as a means to define progress toward completeness of development or maturity in the individual child. The most common dental age estimation methods are Nolla &Demirjin’s.Demirijan’s being the more result oriented method of age estimation.

Aim and Objective: To evaluate the Dental age estimation using Demirijan’s 8 teeth method and 7 teeth method.

Materials and methods: The sample for the study consisted of 400 individuals aged between 618 years. The chronological age of the patient will be obtained by official birth certificate. Radiographic age estimation of the selected sample was done after analyzing Orthopantomographs using both Demirijan’s 7 teeth and 8 teeth method. The chronological age was then statistically compared with the results obtained by the radiographic age using SPSS v16 software.

Results: The estimation of dental age estimation using Demirijan’s 7 teeth method showed overestimation compare with Demirjian 8 teeth method.

Conclusion: Dental age estimation using Demiijan’s 8 teeth method reduces the margin of error in correctly estimating age
INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA EN ENFERMERÍA: TRES DISEÑOS MÁS APLICADOS
Authors: Emmanuel Mejía-Benavides Jorge , Del Rosario Tolentino Ferrel María
Published: February 2023

Qualitative research, throughout its implementation within nursing research has been a great contribution to science, because not everything bases on numbers or generalizes to subjects of study, but goes beyond; that is, the implementation of a qualitative approach allows studying the person from another angle, which favors a real description of the problem, through the approach of the subject of study in the personal field, of what he feels, thinks, performs and he lives day by day. So ethnography, phenomenology and grounded theory are particular approaches that allow individual research into the phenomena of study that involve the subject of research.
ADDRESSED AND ASSEMBLED PHONOLOGY OF BIDIRECTIONAL SOUND-TO –PRINT CONVERSIONS IN STUDENTS WITH DYSLEXIA AND A REFERENCE OF INVESTIGATION RESULTS TO CORRESPONDING FUNCTIONAL LOCALIZATION IN BRAIN CORTEX
Authors: Petkov Plamen
Published: February 2023

Thirty   students   with   dyslexia   and   30   age-matched   normally   developed controls participated in a study to compare group performance and to examine their ability to convert auditory and visual verbal stimuli in two-way directions. Three  experiments and  13  tasks were  administered  to  the  students  and  3  types  of activities  were  explored.  The  first  one was focused on the student’s skills to match a heard word to a printed word, the second one was oriented  to  their  skills  to  match  a  heard  pseudo word  to  a  printed  pseudo word  and  the third one  was  an  examination  of  their  ability  to  readun familiar letter’s  strings. The elaborated results showed that there are statistically significant differences between the focus group and the controls regarding to the explored operations.  In fact the examined dyslexic children cannotmake conversions of phonological input into orthographic representation properly. It refers  as  to  meaningful  stimuli  (addressed  phonology),  as  to  pseudo words  (assembled phonology) as well. They have also difficulties in print-to-sound conversions when they read pseudo words.  A  reference  to other  studies ,focused  on brain  cortex  activation  and  reading shows  that  the  deficient  pseud word  reading  depends  on  the  dysfunctions  of left  posterior superior  temporal  gyrus  and  when  the  reading  difficulties  refer  to  meaningful  stimuli  and whole-word  phonological  conversions  (addressed  mechanism),  it  is  connected  to  deficient operations   in   left   posterior   middle   temporal   gyrus.   The   described   difficulties   and particularities  of  students  with  dyslexia, analysed  and  explained  through  the  addressed  and assembled   mechanism   deficits ,can   be   an   important   base   for   appropriate   treatment approaches and a directional point to the arrangement of speech and language therapy and oriented to the etiology educational interventions.
MOTOR AND POSTURAL EFFECTS OF BODY MASS DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN AGED 6 YEARS IN POLAND.
Authors: Olszewska Dr Elżbieta , Tabor Dr Piotr , Czarniecka Dr Renata
Published: February 2023

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate physical fitness and body posture in underweight children aged 6 years.

Methods: The study examined 883 children aged six years, including 438 girls and 445 boys. The BMI values were used to divide the study group into two subgroups of participants, with normal weight and those underweight. Physical fitness was evaluated using a test made of 5 tests. Body posture was examined using a visual assessment method for selected parameters of body posture.

Results: Compared to peers with normal BMI, underweight children obtained significantly poorer results in the following physical fitness tests: sit-and-reach (boys), standing long jump (boys), medicine ball throw (boys, girls). In terms of body posture, significant differences between the subgroups with reduced height-to-weight ratio were observed in shoulder and scapulae positions in the sagittal plane (girls and boys), degree of thoracic kyphosis (girls) and shape of cervical-acromial angles and waist triangles (boys) in the frontal plane. Furthermore, underweight children obtained significantly better results in convexity of abdominal wall and the axis of lower limbs (girls and boys).

Conclusions: Some positive and negative motor and postural effects of body weight deficiency were observed in children aged 6 years.
PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY AND PREMATURE THELARCHE IN GIRLS:
Authors: Al Kadaoui Nihal , Amhager Samah , Imane Zineb , Krioul Yamna
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Early puberty is a pathology known by the appearance of clinical signs of puberty before the age of 8 years for girls and 9 years for boys. In 90% of the cases, it’s a Central Precocious Puberty. It could be peripheral too. The precocious puberty etiologies are variable but it’s idiopathic in 90% of cases

Materials and Methods: retrospective descriptive study of three cases of precocious puberty admitted in pediatric endocrinology department (Pediatric II) in the Children’s Hospital of Rabat during 2018. The main elements studied were: the age, the sex, clinical symptoms of PP, hormonal tests, mammary and pelvic ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging of the hypothalamic pituitary axis, diagnosis elements, treatment and evolution.

Results: 3 girls aged respectively three, four and nine years old admitted for precocious puberty. The clinical examination finds a breast development and a pubic hair in a patient. Tanner stage at S3P1 in 2 patients and S3P2 in 1 patient. Pelvic ultrasound showed a pubertal uterus in two patients and prepubertal in one patient. The Decapeptyl test was performed in all 3 patients. The diagnosis of thelarche prematurity was made in one patient and the diagnosis of idiopathic central precocious puberty was made in the two other patients treated with Decapeptyl.

Conclusion: Early puberty is defined by the age of early onset of sexual characteristics that brings the paradox to a large size during childhood and a small adult size
GESTION DES VOIES AÉRIENNES DIFFICILES PRÉVUES EN CHIRURGIE MAXILLO – FACIALE AU CHU – JDR ANTANANARIVO MADAGASCAR PREDICTED DIFFICULT AIRWAYS MANAGEMENT IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY. CHU – JDR ANTANANARIVO MADAGASCAR
Authors: RAKOTONOMENJANAHARY Sidonia , RAZAFINDRAINIBE Tanjonirina , Marie Philibertine RAHANITRINIAINA Nadia , Anjarahaingo Voahangiarivola RANDRIAMANDRATO Tantely , Andriambelo RAJAONERA Tovohery , Alberto Bam RAZAFINDRABE John
Published: February 2023

Objectifs : Décrire la pratique sur la gestion des voies aériennes difficiles prévues en chirurgie maxillo – faciale et proposer une ébauche d’algorithme de prise en charge selon notre contexte de travail.

Méthodes: Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective descriptive et observationnelle sur deux ans, incluant tous patients ayant un ou plusieurs critères prédictifs d’intubation difficile.

Résultats: Nous avons retenu 63 patient’s avec 08% d’intubation difficile dont 02% intubation impossible. Une prédominance masculine a été notée (sex – ratio = 1,3) avec un âge moyen de de 38,93 ans et un poids moyen de 59,6 kg. L’intervention réalisée est dominée par l’exérèse tumorale (49%). Le score de Mallampati n’a pas pu être évalué dans les 41% des cas, et l’ouverture buccale inférieure à 6 cm est de 57% des cas évalués. Les grades de Cormack III et IV  est de 40%. 

 L’intubation naso - trachéale (INT) a été réalisé chez 47 patients; l’intubation oro – trachéale (IOT) chez 25 patients et la trachéotomie chez 08 patients ; et il y a eu un cas de patient réveillé. Le taux de succès du mandrin d’Eschmann a été de 86% et la fibroscopie, de 67%.

Conclusion: La contiguïté des voies aériennes et l’atteinte anatomique de la lésion requièrent une prise en charge spécifique d’une difficulté à l’accès aux voies aériennes lors de l’anesthésie pour chirurgie maxillo - faciale. Et la décision des matériels et techniques utilisés est dictée par l’ouverture buccale, l’extension de la lésion en intrabuccale et l’abord chirurgicale.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN GIRLS LIVING IN A LARGE INDUSTRIAL CITY
Authors: Lyudmila Dmitriyevna Panova , Zariya Zamirovna Mustafina , Abrarov Ruslan Aleksandrovich  , Aisulu Maratovna Latypova , Aigul Venerovna Akbarova , Guzel Gizyarovna Utyasheva
Published: February 2023

The values of blood pressure in 452 teenage girls living in а large industrial city of Ufa are estimated in accordance with the Russian recommendations on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in childhood and adolescence.Girls aged 17 years (by the end of training) living in the city of Ufa, in classes with in-depth study of individual subjects arterial hypertension and high normal blood pressure are observed statistically significantly more often, and normal blood pressure is statistically significantly less as compared to girls at the age of 15 years (beginning to learn in them). The results of the study indicate the need to develop a scientifically based system of preventive measures.
THE ANCIENT-GREEK SPECIAL PROBLEMS, AS THE QUANTIZATION MOULDS OF SPACES.
Authors: Georgallides Markos
Published: February 2023

The Special  Problems of  E-geometry consist the , Mould Quantization , of  Euclidean Geometry in it , to become → Monad , through mould of  Space –Anti-space in itself , which is the material dipole in inner monad Structure as the Electromagnetic cycloidal field → Linearly , through mould of  Parallel Theorem  [44- 45] , which are the equal distances between points of parallel  and line  →  In Plane ,  through mould of  Squaring the circle [46]  , where  the two equal and perpendicular monads consist  a Plane acquiring  the common  Plane-meter  →  and in Space (volume)  , through mould of  the Duplication of  the Cube [46] , where any  two Unequal  perpendicular monads  acquire the common  Space-meter  to be twice each other , as analytically  all methods are proved and explained . [39-41]

The Unification of Space and Energy becomes through [STPL] Geometrical Mould Mechanism of Elements , the minimum Energy-Quanta , In monads → Particles, Anti-particles , Bosons , Gravity – Force , Gravity -Field , Photons , Dark Matter , and Dark-Energy ,consisting Material Dipoles in inner monad  Structures  i.e. the Electromagnetic Cycloidal  Field of  monads. [39-41]

Euclid’s elements consist of assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms, proving many other propositions. Because nobody until [9] succeeded to prove the parallel postulate by means of pure geometric logic , many self consistentnon - Euclidean geometries have been discovered , based on Definitions , Axioms or Postulates , in order that none of them contradicts any of the other postulates . In [39]  the only Space-Energy geometry is Euclidean , agreeing with the Physical reality , on  unit AB = Segment which is The Electromagnetic field of the Quantized on AB Energy Space Vector , on the contrary to the General relativity of Space-time which is based on the rays of the non-Euclidean geometries to the limited velocity of light and Planck`s cavity . Euclidean geometry elucidated the definitions of geometry-content ,{ for Point , Segment , Straight Line , Plane , Volume, Space [S] , Antispace [AS] , Sub-space [SS] , Cave, Space-Anti-Space Mechanism of the Six-Triple-Points-Line , that produces and transfers Points of Spaces , Anti-Spaces and Sub-Spaces in a Common Inertial Sub-Space and a cylinder ,Gravity field [MFMF] , Particles } and describes the Space-Energy beyond Plank´s length level [ Gravity Length 3,969.10 ̄ 62 m ] , reaching the Point =   m = 0 m , which is nothing  and zero space .[43-46] -The Geometrical solution of  the Special Problems is now presented.
HYPOCORISTICS IN ISI ZULU ANTHROPONOMY
Authors: Bonisiwe Zungu Evangeline , Zulu Sylvia , Bariki Isaiah
Published: February 2023

This article focuses on the context and meaning of hypocoristics in isiZulu. The analysis provided is based on names collected randomly within the isiZulu speaking community. The objective of this paper is to discuss hypocoristics in isiZulu, one of the eleven official languages of South Africa which is also spoken in slightly different forms in other countries of the sub southern African region. Hypocoristics has a variety of definitions. Depending on the context, it could mean one of the following.    

An expressive or informal form of a proper name that derives morphologically from a personal name. E.g. Bill and Dick for William and Richard respectively in English.

A diminutive form of a personal name.

An affective diminutive form of a personal name.

A familiar personal name modified by abbreviation.

An expressive form of a child language that sometimes renders the personal name unrecognisable.

 A nickname
SCHOOL ACTIVITIES THAT EMPLOY ICT AS A RESOURCE TO FACILITATE LEARNING IN A STUDENT WITH ADHD
Authors: AlejandraDomínguez Dra. María , Menchon Martin
Published: February 2023

This work presents the results of a case study in which professionals work in collaboration tohelp a student with attentiondeficit with hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) learn physics. Twokinds of activities were1espect1: activities that includesimulations and traditional ones. Theattention span of the student in both kinds of activities was compared; in activitiesthat includesimulations this span was longer and the disruptive actions were less frequent. Due to thisinformation, theuse of simulations in physics learning activities oriented to students withADHD proves revealing.
THE ACTUALITY AND DEMAND FOR ESTABLISHING SPORTS AND LEISURE CLUBS FOR STUDENTS OF A GIANG UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM
Authors: Thuc Dao Chanh
Published: February 2023

The research results are an evidence about the necessity for the establishment of the Recreational Sports club model for students completing the physical education program at An Giang University in An Giang province. By analyzing methods of domestic and foreign documents, expert interviews, modeling, medical, physiological function tests, pedagogical experiment and statistical mathematics. The author has demonstrated the necessity for the establishment of the Recreational Sports club model at An Giang University with the specific, scientific and logical results among the research subjects.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
Authors: Elena Robu , Mohamed Hajajra
Published: February 2023

Nowadays, the global education system all over the world has to adapt to multiple changes in geopolitics, demographics, climate and other domains. Today, economically developed countries choose education models that answer the chosen globalization scenario. For example, the American education system is aimed at individualization of the conscience and personality adaptation to the world economics arena, which suits the strategic Western plans of the world globalization scenario. Education system of Russia is based more on the society needs rather than the individual’s needs, which suits the state strategy aimed at the multi-poles world.

What are the main differences of the education systems of leading countries of the world today? 

This was the issue of this paper.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE USE OF WEB TUTORIAL SITES TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN WEB PROGRAMMING CLASS
Authors: Wenceslao, Jr Felicisimo V.
Published: February 2023

In recent years, many of the students enrolled in the web programming classes found it difficult  to learn the science and art of the course due to lack of exposure to similar courses in their  previous semesters. Students fail to understand program dynamics with the use of common classroom materials such as projected presentations, diagrams, blackboard drawings, texts, and so on.  Hence, this study investigated the use of web tutorial sites as supplemental learning resources to enhance students’ performance. Findings showed that there were positive results in  the post-test scores of both groups.  Moreover, significant difference was evident favouring the treatment group.  This would suggest that additional reading materials taken from the web tutorial sites which the students in the treatment group were able use provided them with better understanding of the concepts being presented and thus enhance their performance.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN RESEARCH AT UNIVERSITIES: A PIONEER INVESTIGATION IN JORDAN
Authors: Al-Zyoud Walid , Mansour Sara , Elayan Feryal , Elayan Feryal , Ajeilat Hane , Dajani Rana
Published: February 2023

Conflict of interest (COI) is defined as a circumstance that might create a risk that professional judgments or actions regarding a primary interest, such as research, education or patient care, will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest, such as financial gain or personal prestige. The aim of this article is to examine the management of conflict of interest in ten public and ten private Jordanian universities. Sufficient literature review was performed on the COI policies and regulation. Unfortunately, no sufficient COI information has been found from the published research regulations on the universities’ websites. Additionally, the legislation enforced by Ministries of higher education is presented. To conclude, there is a major need for regulation improvement, especially in the management of COI and its declaration processes. University leaders should assess the sufficiency of their COI management systems. Therefore, universities are urged to give immediate attention to reviewing and strengthening their COI policies. The regulations of funding for scientific research, as well as publication rules are not very different for public or private Jordanian universities.
COUNSELOR'S "PROFESSIONAL" DEVELOPMENT MUST JUMP OUT OF THE "SINGULARIZATION" THINKING TRAP
Authors: Wang Juan
Published: February 2023

The subjective limitation of the counselor's work content to the "singularization" of one or several jobs in the name of "professionalization" has become a thinking trap that hinders the team of college counselors from correctly understanding the core meaning of "professionalization", which is not conducive to the real "professional" development of counselors. To this end, we must seek the actual content according to the name, so that the name and the reality are consistent and understand the meaning of "professionalization"; trace back the roots and make it clear where "professionalization" comes from; hold high the banner and clear the direction, understanding where "professionalization" goes. The understanding and practice of the "professional" development of counselors should return to common sense and responsibility, so that counselors can never forget their original intention and better carry out their mission.
TEACHER STATUS IN FINLAND
Authors: Julia Sirota , Dasman Elfahel
Published: February 2023

In Finland there is an equitable high quality education system based on the concept of teaching as a sophisticated profession in which all teachers hold a master's degree (2 years of study) that includes disciplinary and pedagogical knowledge and combines research and practice. Teaching has become the most attractive profession after medicine, and many teachers aspire having a PhD degree and persist the profession.  Teaching is perceived in Finland as a long-term profession where people can grow into leadership positions and develop expertise in their field [13].

The high achievements of Finnish students in international exams, the lack of educational gaps between the center and the periphery and transforming teaching to a prestigious and highly desirable profession in Finland - all have made the small Nordic country's education system a subject of admiration and envy of worldwide educators. Basically, even advanced education after basic education is free. The Finnish education system is built to provide everyone an opportunity to obtain vocational or high education.

In addition to the Finnish people speaking Finnish or Swedish, the non-Finnish people, speaking Sami language, who live in the norther part of the country, have also the right to develop and keep their language and culture.

The education institutes network cover the whole country. The basic education is close to home or in a distance of a free bus drive. Students are allowed to apply to studies in high school, university or vocational education anywhere in the country.
RESULTS ON GENERALIZED HARARY INDEX AND ECCENTRIC CONNECTIVITY POLYNOMIAL
Authors: Gao Yun , Liang Li , Gao Wei
Published: February 2023

Chemical compounds and drugs are often modeled as graphs where each vertex represents an atom of molecule and covalent bounds between atoms are represented by edges between the corresponding vertices. This graph derived from a chemical compounds is often called its molecular graph and can be different structures. In this paper, we determine the accurate formulas to compute the generalized Harary index and eccentric connectivity polynomial of certain special molecular graphs.
Microbial aetiology of acute diarrhoea in children under five years of age
Authors: Ali Ahmad , Ashraf Faria
Published: February 2023

Diarrhoea is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent estimations suggested the number of deaths is close to 2.5 million. This study examined the causative agents of diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age in suburban areas of Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 437 stool samples obtained from children with diarrhoea were examined by culture and PCR for bacteria, by microscopy and PCR for parasites and by immunoassay for detection of rotavirus A. Of the 437 samples analysed, 211 (48 %) tested positive for diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli, 96 (22 %) for rotavirus A, 36 (8 %) for Shigella spp., 17 (4 %) for Salmonella spp., 8 (2 %) for Campylobacter spp., 47 (11 %) for Giardia intestinalis and 22 (5 %) for Entamoeba histolytica. All isolates of E. coli (211, 100 %) and Salmonella (17, 100 %), and 30 (83 %) isolates of Shigella were sensitive to chloramphenicol;17 (100 %) isolates of Salmonella, 200 (94 %) isolates of E. coli and (78 %) 28 isolates of Shigella spp. were sensitive to gentamicin. In contrast, resistance to ampicillin was demonstrated in 100 (47 %) isolates of E. coli and 16 (44 %) isolates of Shigella spp.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENJUALAN PRODUK UMKM RENGGINANG DESA GALIS BERBASIS NILAI-NILAI PROFETIK
Authors: Anam Syaiful , Rozi Mohammad Fahrur Rozi , Marsum Marsum
Published: February 2023

Penduduk di Desa Galis Kecamatan Galis Kabupaten Pamekasan Sebagian besar mempunyai usaha di bidang perdagaangan dan jasa sebagai sumber penghidupan keluarganya.salah satu usaha perdagangan yaitu produk Rengginang. Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) yakni Rengginang ini terdapat di Desa Galis, Kecamatan Galis Kabuapten Pamekasan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyusun strategi peningkatan penjualan dan pengembangan usaha agar semakin meningkat kedepannya. Kegiatan pengabdian  ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif disertai informasi faktor internal dan eksternal pada keunggulan kompetitif berupa bahan baku, Legalitas, mesin dan alat, metode kerja / teknologi, kemasan, promosi dan pemasaran. Strategi dilakukan secara on-line dan Offline. Selama kegiatan Pengabdian berlangsung, kami memberikan penyuluhan dan pendampingan usaha tersebut. Seperti legalisasi produk, pembuatan logo dan kemasan produk, serta pemasaran Produk. dalam Srategi Peningkatan penjualan Rengginang Desa Galis menerapkan nilai-nilai profetik, yakni Nilai-nilai yang dicontohkan Nabi Muhammad SAW seperti Shiddiq (Mengedapankan sikap jujur), Tabligh (komunikatif kepada Konsumen), Fathonah (Cerdas dalam menentukan tempat yang strategis) dan Amanah (dapat dipercaya oleh konsumen).
PENGENALAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI HELLO ENGLISH DI PONDOK PESANTREN BAHRUL HADI ARRAHMANI
Authors: Sulasih Sulasih , Darmawati Darmawati , Marliana Nini
Published: February 2023

Kurikulum Pondok pesantren Bahrul Hadi Arrahmani berbasis agama Islam dan sekolah umum dipadu  kurikulum diknas dalam proses belajar mengajarnya, sehingga tidak hanya bahasa Arab yang dikedepankan akan tetapi Bahasa Inggris juga, mengingat ilmu pengetahuan yang berasal dari barat disampaikan menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Tema PKM adalah “Pengenalan Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris menggunakan aplikasi Hello English di Pondok Pesanteren Bahrul Hadi Arrahmani" dengan tujuan: Memperkenalkan Aplikasi Hello English saat proses belajar mengajar bahasa Inggris dan Meningkatkan motivasi para santri dalam belajar bahasa Inggris serta Memberikan variasi aktivitas pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan yaitu secara presentasi sekaligus praktek langsung cara menggunakan aplikasi Hello English dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Hasil respon para santri pondok pesantren Bahrul Hadi Arrahmani terhadap kegiatan pelatihan pengenalan pembelajran bahasa Inggris menggunakan aplikasi Hello English sangat bagus. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan pengenalan aplikasi Hello English yaitu para santri sangat merasa senang dan menikmati sehingga hal ini dapat memberikan peningkatan motovasi dan keaktifan serta inisiatif terkait pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris santri di pondok pesantren tempat menuntut ilmu.
Relación entre la respuesta de los servicios sanitarios y la incidencia de COVID-19, Ocotepeque, Honduras
Authors: Marriaga Hernández Isaac Jonathan , Escalante Valladares Héctor Armando
Published: February 2023

Antecedentes: La respuesta de los servicios sanitarios es de vital importancia frente a las necesidades emergentes de la población, ya que puede determinar el impacto de una infección de nueva aparición, como la COVID-19. Objetivo: Analizar la respuesta de los servicios de salud públicos ante la pandemia y su relación con la incidencia de COVID-19, Región Sanitaria Departamental de Ocotepeque, Honduras, 2020-2021. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, con diseño ecológico. La unidad de análisis incluyó los 16 municipios del Departamento de Ocotepeque. Se obtuvo la información sobre las variables de morbimortalidad, capacidad de detección e infraestructura sanitaria de la base de datos de la Unidad de Vigilancia en Salud Regional. Resultados: La Región Sanitaria Departamental de Ocotepeque presentó una incidencia acumulada de 199.7 casos de COVID-19 por cada 10,000 habitantes en el periodo del estudio. La capacidad de detección laboratorial presentó una correlación positiva fuerte de tipo logarítmica con la incidencia de COVID-19 reportada en los municipios (Rho de Spearman=0.91; p<0.01). La atención domiciliaria (Rho de Spearman=0.09; p=0.729) y la disponibilidad de centro de triaje propio (p=0.181) no fueron factores relacionados con la incidencia de la enfermedad registrada en los municipios. Discusión: Solo la capacidad de detección laboratorial mostró correlación a nivel ecológico con la incidencia por COVID-19 registrada. Es necesario realizar investigaciones adicionales que sostengan o redefinan el rol que desempeñan la atención domiciliaria y los centros de triaje, como estrategias de detección y contención para enfermedades pandémicas en el contexto de países de bajos y medianos ingresos.
Factores de riesgo para mortalidad por COVID-19 en adultos ingresados en un hospital de Honduras
Authors: Sauceda-Acosta Dilcia , Álvarez Dina Raquel , Ferńandez Karla Zobeyda , Matamoros Aguilar Martha , Fernández Victoria , Lagos Luis , Mancía Gloria
Published: February 2023

Antecedentes: Según estudios a nivel internacional, los casos fatales de la COVID-19 están relacionados con edad avanzada, sexo masculino y presencia de enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Determinar factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 en pacientes adultos ingresados en un hospital público de Honduras. Métodos: Estudio tipo casos y controles en pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de COVID-19; Casos: pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 con condición de egreso fallecido, Controles: pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 con condición de egreso alta médica. Se analizó una muestra de 100 casos y 200 controles. Se realizó análisis de características demográficas, clínicas y laboratoriales, posteriormente se estimaron OR y se construyó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: Se encontró que 57.5% (171/300) tenía 60 años o más y 60.3% (181/300) era del sexo masculino. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dificultad respiratoria 94%, fiebre 90.3% y tos 86%. Los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 fueron edad (OR 10.40 IC95% 3.96-27.30), sexo masculino (OR 3.25 IC95% 1.75-6.06), comorbilidades (OR 2.14 IC95% 1.03-4.45), niveles elevados de dímero D (OR 2.28 IC95% 1.20-4.32) y LDH (OR 5.65 IC95% 2.62-12.18). Discusión: Los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 encontrados en este estudio coinciden con los presentados en estudios internacionales. Es necesario identificar los pacientes con estos factores para ofrecer manejos oportunos según su condición clínica.
Economics of Sustainabilty
Authors: Phatak Ajay
Published: February 2023

Sustainability economics is a holistic approach to economics that considers the impact of human activities on the natural world and aims to balance human well-being with the well-being of other life forms and the environment. The conventional economic model, which is focused on production, consumption, and allocation, is not sustainable because it assumes unlimited and free access to natural resources, which has led to overconsumption and environmental degradation. Sustainability economics recognizes the importance of managing the cycle of material and energy use and the limitations of natural resources and waste absorption. It views the human economy as a subset of the larger natural economy and prioritizes people and other life forms over goods. This approach requires rethinking traditional investments to prioritize need over return, and designing communities with people's needs in mind.
Climate Change : An Excellent Opportunity to Overhaul Our Education System
Authors: Gole Prakash
Published: February 2023

The education system in India needs to focus on environment, ecology, and culture and shift away from a British-imposed model. The curriculum should include the impact of technology on the environment and promote a more holistic approach. Graduate and postgraduate education is currently dominated by science and technology but there are opportunities for alternative livelihoods in biomass-related technology. The education system needs to change to provide instruction in these fields and promote the restoration of nature, which will benefit the environment and improve quality of life.
Is USA Thinking Seriously About Environment?
Authors: Phatak Ajay
Published: February 2023

The author, after two years in the US, feels that the country is not taking the issue of environmental degradation seriously. Despite the recession, waste generation habits have not changed and there is no significant shift in resource-intensive behavior. The government is still promoting consumption and the national system of accounting does not account for the depletion of natural resources. The author feels that either the US does not understand the gravity of the situation or is unwilling to change its lifestyle.
Mathematical Models for Analyzing COVID-19 Pandemic in Different Regions with Climate factors
Authors: Shen Zhibin , Wang Dawei
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the Covid-19 pandemic problem, to find out whether the climate factors could affect the development of pandemic, this paper mainly uses mathematical modeling and machine learning to analyze the correlation between climate factors and COVID-19 cases. Firstly, Weather conditions are classified by seasons, and cases differ in regions, then correlation results of different features are conduct to see what are the most important features that affect the pandemic, according to the correlation result, KNN model is used for predicting the future COVID-19 cases including potential danger zones. In order to test the effectiveness of the methods utilized in this paper, real climate data and covid-19 cases data of different regions in USA are deployed, the results show that, the temperature plays an important role in the pandemic, and the KNN method could predict the future development of Covid-19 with R square reached 0.25, which verifies the effectiveness of the machine learning method.
An Introduction to Data Visualization
Authors: Zhou Lingrui
Published: February 2023

In the era of information explosion, users are exposed to overwhelming visual stimuli daily. Unprocessed raw data are difficult to understand by the human brain. The business field has more data from more references than ever before. However, the information being presented to most employees, much of the time, is displayed in the form of complicated spreadsheets and hackneyed charts that are missing the crucial insights that lends itself to better business understanding. Thankfully, human beings are very sensitive to the perception of graphics and images; therefore, the imagery behind the numbers in the data graphics makes it easier for people to understand. Data visualization is becoming the best way to communicate with people. The present paper will explore the importance of data visualization and the current uses of data visualization. It will also examine the different tools and potential problems, and a brief on data visualization is included.
The Application of Deep Learning in Stock Prediction
Authors: Liu Mingzhe
Published: February 2023

The computer may be the most important innovation and creation in human history. It does not just change daily life, also it plays a significant role in the development of knowledge and technology. Compared to traditional ways to do the math on paper and solve problems by hand. The computer is significantly efficient in the applications of sophisticated topics. The stock market is usually unpredictable in terms of infinitesimal views. People are creasy about it because of the expected return and risks that may experience. The stock market is dependent on too many factors so that predicting the return and risk is super complicated. The non-parametric and nonlinear data makes it a deep academic topic. The computer, however, is a fitting tool to use in modeling the stock market. In recent years, deep learning and neural network become the mainstream in research. The technique is successful, but it is not perfect.