bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Results From a Multicenter, Randomized Trial Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Induce Remission in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Crohn's Disease
Authors: Kao Dina , Wong Karen , Jijon Humberto , Moayyedi Paul , Franz Rose , McDougall Chelsea , Hotte Naomi , Panaccione Remo , Semlacher Eric , Kroeker Karen I. , Peerani Farhad , MacDonald Karen V. , Xu Huiping , Narula Neeraj , Turbide Christian , Marshall Deborah A. , Madsen Karen L.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promise at inducing remission in ulcerative colitis. This study is the first of its kind to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FMT at inducing remission in Crohn's disease (CD).

METHODS:

This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 3 Canadian academic centers; randomized patients with mild-to-moderate CD received FMT or placebo. The first treatment was administered by colonoscopy followed by weekly oral capsules for 7 weeks. Primary end point was clinical and endoscopic remission at week 8. Secondary outcomes included clinical and endoscopic response, adverse events, and health-related quality of life using generic and disease-specific instruments.

RESULTS:

From July 2017 to June 2021, 21 and 13 patients were randomized to FMT and placebo groups, respectively. The trial terminated early due to futility. At week 8, 0% (0/15) of patients in the FMT group versus 8.3% (1/11) in the placebo group reached the primary end point of combined clinical and endoscopic remission as per protocol analysis. There were no differences between the groups in clinical or endoscopic responses. One patient in each group had worsening of CD. Although both groups experienced statistically significant improvements in health-related quality of life, only the FMT group had a significant decrease in activity impairment. Although there were no significant changes in microbial diversity or composition, patients who achieved clinical response became more similar to their donors in stool microbial composition.

DISCUSSION:

FMT was not effective at inducing clinical and endoscopic remission in CD using the FMT regimen in this study. Future studies may use other strategies to enhance treatment response, including longer intervention, antibiotic pretreatment, optimized donor-recipient pairing, and concomitant anti-inflammatory diet, and biologic or small molecule therapies.
Effects of immigrant residential concentration on student performance: Native versus immigrant pupils
Authors: Song Hyojune , Kim Doo-sub , Ham Seung-hwan
Published: November 2024

The increasing influx of the cross-border migrant population into South Korea gives rise to ethnic enclaves characterized by a high degree of residential segregation. Drawing on a social disorganization perspective, this study hypothesizes that the level of immigrant residential concentration is negatively associated with pupils’ academic performance. We also hypothesize that such a negative “neighborhood effect” is mitigated among immigrant pupils vis-à-vis their native peers, due to the implementation of various “multicultural” policies for supporting this minority group over the past decade. The data from the Korea Multicultural Education Survey 2017 were used to examine these hypotheses. Analyses of the academic performance of 1,472 elementary and lower secondary pupils in Seoul and Gyeonggi appeared to give credence to both of these hypotheses. These results suggest that while current multicultural policies work effectively toward the welfare of immigrant pupils, the policy effect is not extended to their native peers, resulting in what might appear as an “unintended disadvantage” to non-immigrant students in neighborhoods of high immigrant concentration.
The Impact of Military Experience on State Optometric Legislation
Authors: McAlister William Howard , Weaver Jeffrey , Davis Jerry
Published: November 2024

The scope of the profession of optometry has advanced considerably in recent decades. Much of this is a result of the experience of optometry officers in the military using pharmaceutical agents in the performance of their duties before it was permitted in civilian practice. Uniformed officers and veteran optometrists were pivotal in the legislative expansion of the profession.
Advances in understanding biofilm-based marine microbial corrosion
Authors: Zuo Zeyu , Zhang Jie , Mathivanan Krishnamurthy , Wang Fayuan , Duan Jizhou , Hou Baorong
Published: November 2024

Microbially influenced corrosion and biofouling emerge as formidable challenges to the sustainable management and exploitation of marine resources. The primary instigator for these challenges lies in the insidious development of biofilm. Hence, the most direct and pivotal approach to counteracting microbial corrosion and biofouling resides in the advancement of anti-biofilm technologies. Conventional methodologies for combatting biofilm are efficient but have certain drawbacks, particularly environmental contamination and inefficacy. Research into innovative anti-biofilm technologies is imperative for more efficient use of marine resources and protection of the ecological equilibrium of the oceans. This paper offers a detailed examination of biofilm constituents, the complex processes involved in biofilm development, the various factors that affect biofilm formation, and the mechanisms underlying microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Furthermore, the article summarizes emerging, eco-friendly anti-biofilm technologies, while providing the evolving landscape of anti-biofilm strategies and promising prospects.
Gaps and Fiscal Adjustment for Debt Stability in Climate-Vulnerable Developing Countries: How Large and by How Much?
Authors: Monsod Toby Melissa , Muyot Justin Matibag , Gochoco-Bautista Maria Socorro
Published: November 2024

We explore the extent of the fiscal resource gap described by climate-vulnerable developing countries which have called for debt flexibility. We compute indices of fiscal sustainability, defined as the difference between an economy’s current tax rate and the “sustainable” tax rate, or the rate which, if constant, would enable the debt-to-GDP ratio at time n to be equal to the debt-to-GDP ratio at time 0, given current policy rules. We estimate short- and medium-term gap indices for 2010 to 2020, and a “climate change gap” (CCG) which incorporates countries’ reported climate change needs for the period 2021–2030. Estimated short- and medium-term gaps capture the 2020 disruption to fiscal sustainability, while CCGs indicate a highly diverse picture: one-third of the sample have CCGs ranging from 10 to 99 % of GDP, another third have CCGs from −8.6 to −0.3 %. Negative CCGs, which imply that immediate adjustments in taxes or spending are not required for fiscal policy sustainability, are surprising but come with a crucial caveat: CCGs are likely to be significantly understated because of data gaps, especially regarding adaptation requirements. This highlights the urgent need for finance and technical assistance dedicated to building national capacities for determining and costing climate change needs.
Imagining just futures through interdisciplinary pedagogies: cultivating communities of practice across the sciences and humanities
Authors: York Emily , May Christine , Breneman Daisy L. , Yanacek Holly , Klevickis Cindy , Conley Shannon N.
Published: November 2024

This case study describes an experimental initiative at James Madison University funded by a National Science Foundation grant in Fall 2021 that aimed to support interdisciplinary collaborative pedagogical development related to Science, Technology, and Society (STS) with a particular focus on ethics and justice. The case study argues that creating infrastructure to cultivate and sustain small teaching communities of practice that include faculty from humanities, social sciences, and STEM fields, can support the challenging and necessary work of developing integrated STS-informed pedagogies across the curriculum. A flexible framework is examined through multiple lenses, including perspectives from each faculty participant, representing teaching departments of Biology, World Languages & Cultures, Integrated Science and Technology/Biotechnology, Justice Studies/Disability Studies, and Integrated Science and Technology/Public Interest Technology and Science. Authors provide key insights about what enables and sustains an interdisciplinary community of practice.
Bending moment calibration for rotational bending fatigue testing machine based on strain measurement
Authors: Zhu Lin-mao , Hong Gang , Wang Gui-yong , Jia Yun-hai , Wu Dong-xiao
Published: November 2024

Rotational bending fatigue testing is an important method to evaluate the fatigue of metal materials under cyclic loading. Specifically, the fatigue strength is evaluated through repeated rotational bending under complex loads with the accuracy affected by the bending moment. Here, a method based on strain measurements is proposed for calibrating the bending moment of rotational bending fatigue testing machines. Specifically, the strain of a metal sample under loading with resistance strain gauges was recorded using a strain acquisition system to measure the bending moment. The positions of strain gauges were designed according to the principle of strain measurements to establish a calibration program. Three metal samples of different sizes were tested on two types of rotational bending fatigue testing machines, and the measurement uncertainty was evaluated and verified. The experimental results showed that the proposed method measured and calibrated the bending moment of rotational bending fatigue testing machines rapidly, conveniently, and accurately. The results also provide a practical reference for research and application in related fields.
A review of graphene biopolymer composite in piezoelectric sensor applications
Authors: Muhammad Firdaus Abdul Halim , Sapuan Salit Mohd , Mohd Afdzaluddin Atiqah , AL-Oqla Faris M.
Published: November 2024

The amazing electrical, optical, mechanical and thermal properties combined with high specific surface area of graphene making it as an appealing integrant for stimuli responsive high performance smart materials. Typical graphene-based smart materials encompass mechanically exfoliated perfect graphene, chemical vapor deposited first-class graphene, chemically moded graphene including graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide and their macroscopic assemblies or composites. The ability of these graphene-based materials ending up interacting with biopolymers to come up with quite fascinating electrical, mechanical, optical, thermal and sensing characteristics has have attracted a considerable number of attentions. The biggest advantage of using biopolymer-based materials is non-corrosiveness, ease in coloration, good tensile strength, and biodegradability but are abided by drawback of the poor mechanical strength, lack of response, and unstable environmental stability. However, graphene incorporated biopolymers provided beneficent attributes for example ability to detect various forms of stimuli such as gaseous molecules include biomolecules, pH value, mechanical flexibility, electrical and thermal conductivity to enable ongoing promising advancement of the piezoelectric sensor applications. This review explores the piezoelectric development based on several graphene fabricated biopolymer composite and it is use in healthcare monitoring, structural health monitoring, industrial process monitoring, consumer electronics applications. Furthermore, we enlighten the challenges and future perspectives of graphene biopolymer piezoelectric sensors.
Role-Playing, Reconciliation, and Repetition: Parodies of Peacemaking on the Petronian Ship of State
Authors: Slater Niall W.
Published: November 2024

The action on board Lichas’s ship in Petronius’s Satyrica presents a rich, repetitive, and multilayered parody of mediation, treaty-making, and the role of emotion in conflict and its aftermath, played out on the most personal level. When Encolpius and Giton are discovered, having accidentally taken passage with Lichas and Tryphaena whom they have egregiously betrayed, the poet Eumolpus seizes the role of mediator and attempts to defend them with an entirely fictitious account of their actions and motivations. His rhetoric only enrages Lichas and produces open warfare on shipboard. Ingenious role-playing by Giton (staging an attempted self-castration) drives Tryphaena to desperate pity and epic parody in appealing for peace, allowing Eumolpus to dictate and conclude a formal treaty among the parties.

Initial performances of the actions and emotions of peacemaking amidst a halcyon calm at sea seem successful, but jealousies quickly reemerge, requiring further efforts by Eumolpus to restore harmony. His poetic efforts during the banquet failing, Eumolpus then narrates the story of the Widow of Ephesus, whose misogynistic comedy elicits laughter from all – except for Lichas and Tryphaena. Crosscurrents of jealousy reemerge, and Eumolpus seems to resort to new diplomacy and oaths (iurat Eumolpus verbis conceptissimis, 113) as the text becomes more fragmentary – and the ship is suddenly overwhelmed and wrecked by storm.

Prospects for reconciliation founder with the ship (of state?) and its captain, while the perpetually inventive manipulators of language survive to perform again.
Messunsicherheit geometrischer Prüfmerkmale – Automatisiert und praxisgerecht mit Koordinatenmessgeräten ermitteln
Authors: Hageney Theo
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfasung

Richtige und zuverlässige Messungen sind eine wichtige Voraussetzung für eine qualitativ hochwertige Industrieproduktion. Ein wichtiges Qualitätsmerkmal einer Messung ist deren Messunsicherheit. Erst mit der Angabe der Messunsicherheit kann die Qualität eines Messwertes beurteilt werden, was eine wesentliche Voraussetzung bei vielen Entscheidungen im Produktionsprozess und in der Kunden – Lieferanten Beziehung ist. Die Ermittlung von prüfmerkmalbezogenen Messunsicherheiten ist sehr aufwendig und bedarf meist einer großen firmeninternen Expertise oder muss durch extern beauftragte Dienstleister durchgeführt werden. In diesem Beitrag wird eine neu entwickelte Methode vorgestellt, mit der Anwender von Koordinatenmessgeräten (KMG) ohne besondere Vorkenntnisse die Messunsicherheit der Prüfmerkmale ihrer Messprozesse ermitteln können. Nach einer kurzen Beschreibung der notwendigen Grundlagen wird ein Einblick in die neuartige Methode der Unsicherheitsermittlung in der Koordinatenmesstechnik gegeben, die jetzt automatisiert und damit praxisgerecht erfolgt. Sie basiert auf der Verwendung von Grenzwerten der Gerätespezifikation unter Nutzung von Expertenwissen aus zahlreichen durch ein Kalibrierlaboratorium, das von der Deutschen Akkreditierungsstelle (DAkkS) für die Berechnung der Messunsicherheit von Koordinatenmessungen akkreditiert ist, durchgeführten Kalibriermessungen an KMG. Hiermit ist die Grundlage dafür gelegt, dass die eigentlich notwendige Angabe von Messunsicherheiten auch bei komplexen Anwendungen mit Koordinatenmessungen Eingang in die industrielle Qualitätssicherung findet.
Visible light sensitive BiVO4–TiO2 nanocomposites for photocatalytic dye degradation
Authors: Padinjare Veetil Salija , Koodali Edam Jayendu , Thavarool Puthiyadath Anusree , Kizhakke Veedu Sujith , Kizhakkekilikoodayil Vijayan Baiju
Published: November 2024

The hydrothermal approach was used to prepare visible light active BiVO4–TiO2 nanosheet composites in varying molar ratios. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), Transmission electroscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), were used to analyze the photocatalysts and composites. Photocatalytic activity of BiVO4–TiO2 composites was investigated by decolorizing methylene blue. Out of four different molar ratio BiVO4–TiO2 composites with a molar ratio of 3:1 BiVO4 TiO2 composite showed enhanced photocatalytic activity which is further proved by photoluminescence investigation of coumarin and Scavenger test. The DRS of BiVO4 TiO2 composite showed red shift in optical absorption. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is due to minimizing electron hole recombination by making composite with TiO2.
High-coverage targeted lipidomics revealed a novel serum lipid dysregulation profile in adult growth hormone deficiency
Authors: Yang Hongbo , Chen Meiping , Jiang Lingjuan , Wang Linjie , Duan Lian , Gong Fengying , Zhu Huijuan , Pan Hui
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Patients with adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) are at an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Despite extensive research efforts in recent decades, the lipid metabolism pattern of AGHD has yet to be thoroughly characterized.

Methods

In this study, we used lipidomics analysis of fasting serum samples from 30 AGHD patients with intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) and 30 age-, gender- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls to investigate the serum lipidomic pattern of AGHD patients with iGCTs. We meticulously quantified 534 serum lipids from 29 classes using high-coverage targeted lipidomics technology in conjunction with a robust bioinformatics pipeline.

Results

Our results revealed an AGHD-specific dynamic change in the serum lipidomic profile, manifested by higher overall levels of many lipid subclasses, including triacylglycerols (TAGs), diacylglycerols (DAGs), phosphatidylglycerols, phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylinositols, ceramides and bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphates, than in healthy controls and a distinct lower level for alkyl PE (PE-O) and alkyl PC (PC-O). AGHD individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease showed specific changes in higher TAG and DAG subclass levels. Alterations in lipid profiles may contribute to metabolic dysregulation in AGHD patients. TAGs, PCs and PE fatty acids positively correlated with BMI, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index and adverse lipid parameters. In contrast, ether-linked PE-O, PC-O and LysoPE-O showed a negative correlation.

Conclusions

This study has significantly expanded the current understanding of lipid dysregulation in AGHD patients with iGCT. These findings can potentially guide future research and development of monitoring and intervention strategies.
РЕОЛОГІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ АНГОБНИХ ПОКРИТТІВ ДЛЯ КЕРАМІЧНОЇ ЦЕГЛИ
Authors: Хоменко Олена С.
Published: November 2024

У даній роботі розглянуті реологічні особливості ангобних покриттів, які наносять на лицьові поверхні керамічних виробів у вигляді рідких суспензій - шлікерів. За умови правильного вибору реологічних параметрів, ангобне покриття добре узгоджується з керамічною основою та після випалу дозволяє підвищити естетичні та експлуатаційні властивості цегли. Сформульовані основні вимоги до реологічних параметрів ангобних суспензій, призначених для нанесення на керамічну цеглу. Це дозволить уникнути таких видів браку, як розтріскування та відколювання покриття, оголення поверхні виробу, утворення краторів та цяток. Встановлено вплив мінералогічного та гранулометричного складу ангобних суспензій на їх седиментаційні характеристики. Шлікери, що мають не менше 70 мас.% часток розміром до 10 мкм мають високу седиментаційну стійкість. Водночас вміст фракцій розміром 10-60 мкм може сягати до 30 мас.% без ознак розшарування суспензії. Такий фракційний склад може бути досягнутий за вмісту глинистого матеріалу не менше 65 мас.%. Побудована графічна модель, яка відображає одночасний вплив вмісту глини, води та дефлокулюючої добавки (реотану) на текучість ангобних шлікерів. Дана модель дозволяє оперативно регулювати реологію ангобних суспензій під час зміни одного чи декількох факторів системи. Для одержання ангобного шлікеру заданої текучості із вмістом 65 мас.% глини, його вологість має становити 43-43.5 мас.%, а кількість реотану – 0.21 мас.%. За таких параметрів ангобний шлікер має текучість 14-17 с, високу седиментаційну стійкість, добру покривну здатність, а нанесене покриття - високу адгезійну міцність. Після випалу на поверхні зразків керамічної цегли отримано покриття товщиною 140-180 мкм, з твердістю за шкалою Мооса більше 7, без ознак будь-яких дефектів. Результати досліджень можуть бути застосовані в розробці ангобів та глазурей у виробництві керамічної цегли та плиток.
ПРИРОДНІ АЛЮМОСИЛІКАТИ МОДИФІКОВАНІ ФРАГМЕНТАМИ АРЕНСУЛЬФОНОВОЇ КИСЛОТИ ЯК КАТАЛІЗАТОРИ АЦЕТАЛІЗАЦІЇ ГЛІЦЕРИНУ ЦИКЛОГЕКСАНОНОМ
Authors: Давтян Аракся С. , Левченко Ольга О. , Камалов Герберт Л. , Яремов Павло С. , Курмач Михайло М.
Published: November 2024

Досліджено кінетику реакції гліцерину з циклогексаноном у присутності модифікованих фрагментами аренсульфонової кислоти природних алюмосилікатів вітчизняного походження (бентоніт, кліноптилоліт і трепел). З’ясовано вплив масової частки каталізатора, температури реакції та мольного співвідношення реагентів на конверсію гліцерину. Виявлено, що у присутності бентоніту і трепелу, на відміну від кліноптилоліту, незалежно від зміни зазначених факторів, конверсія гліцерину досягає ~100 %. Основним продуктом реакції є п’ятичленний циклічний кеталь 1.4-діоксаспіро[4,5]декан-2-метанол з селективністю 99 % (визначали на газовому хроматографі Shimadzu GC-2030, Японія). Вивчено структурно-адсорбційні та кислотні характеристики каталізаторів (розмір пор, площа поверхні, Бренстедовські та Льюїсівські кислотні центри) і співставлено вплив цих характеристик на їх каталітичні властивості. Встановлено, що активність каталізатора обумовлена більшою площею поверхні та структурою пор. З використанням методу «подвійних зворотних величин» (метод Лайнуівера-Берка) досліджено особливості реакції, визначено константи Міхаеліса і максимальні швидкості реакції та концентраційний порядок за гліцерином. Запропоновано можливий механізм реакції в умовах гетерогенного кислотного каталізу. Показано, що спільним для трьох зразків каталізаторів є утворення з однаковою швидкістю комплексу циклогексанон-каталізатор, а подальший «маршрут» реакції відрізняється в залежності від концентраційного порядку за гліцерином.
Videos to study Interactions in AGEing (VIntAGE)
Authors: Duboisdindien Guillaume , Bolly Catherine T.
Published: November 2024

The Videos to study Interactions in AGEing (VIntAGE) corpus aims to investigate the complex relationship between language, cognition, and aging, focusing on verbal and non-verbal pragmatic markers in older persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This multimodal and longitudinal corpus incorporates an analysis of gestural and verbal markers in discourse, aligned with neurolinguistic models. It provides a rich dataset for analyzing how aging impacts communicative competence in individuals with MCI. The VIntAGE corpus comprises approximately 18 hours of video recordings from 36 face-to-face interviews conducted by a close acquaintance of each of the nine women, all over 75 years old. Five participants were selected for in-depth analysis due to significant changes in their cognitive status. The participants underwent a series of semi-structured interviews over 15 months. The data were processed using transcription tools (for verbal discourse) and annotation tools (for gestures) and then subjected to Principal Component Analyses to manage each individual's diverse dataset and discursive modalities. The corpus includes the annotation of 6,351 verbal pragmatic markers (VPMs) and 8,044 non-verbal pragmatic markers (NVPMs). The data reveal an average decrease in MoCA scores from 23/30 to 20/30 over one year, highlighting cognitive decline's effects on verbal and non-verbal communication.
„Abdicato episcopatu, uxorem duxi“ Der Fall Dudith (1567) und die Wahrnehmung der Interkulturalität auf Mikroebene
Authors: Majorossy Imre Gábor
Published: November 2024

This paper reinterprets the famous letter of abdication of Andreas Dudith (1533–1589) from the perspective of interculturality. The paper examines the circumstances that led Bishop and Imperial Envoy Andreas Dudith to relinquish his prestigious office and influential political position as a result of doctrinal conflicts within Christianity. He remained a Christian, yet his life was centered elsewhere. He proceeded to construct a novel, academically engaged lifestyle, characterized by a comprehensive outlook. In the interval between two markedly disparate life phases, the resigning bishop interrogates the motives underlying his erstwhile clerical status, as well as the establishment and mission of the Church.
The Mediating Role of Values in the Correlation Between Self-identification and Political Beliefs in the Left–Right Axis
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Kucharski Adam , Tomczak Łukasz ,   University of Szczecin, Timoszyk-Tomczak Celina ,   University of Szczecin
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of a study on the relationship between left-right self-identification and political beliefs mediated by values. A total of 1,038 people participated in the study. The study used the Political Beliefs Questionnaire and the Polish version of the S.Schwartz’s Portrait Value Questionnaire. Self-identification with right-wing views correlated positively with conservatiness and left-wing views correlated positively with self-transcendence, orientation to change and self-enhancement. Conservativeness mediates the relationship between self-identification and fundamentalism, lowering the negative correlation between these variables. The more the negative relationship between left-wing self-identification and conservativeness increases, the more the relationship between self-identification and religious fundamentalism decreases. The analysed values mediate the relationship between left-wing self-identification and political beliefs. The observations made confirm the need to take into account values when analysing political beliefs.
El Anestesiólogo y la Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Hermandez-Cortez Enrique
Published: November 2024

La inteligencia artificial se ha definido como el estudio de algoritmos, que otorgan a las máquinas la capacidad de razonar y realizar funciones, como la resolución de problemas, el reconocimiento de objetos y palabras, la inferencia de estados del mundo y la toma de decisiones. La adaptación de algoritmos y herramientas de IA a la ciencia, ha traído como consecuencia un futuro prometedor en anestesiología, ofreciendo un gran potencial que deberá ser aprovechado por todos los profesionales. La anestesiología está bien posicionada para beneficiarse de los avances en IA; múltiples elementos de la atención clínica, incluidos los cuidados perioperatorios e intensivos, el manejo del dolor y la administración de medicamentos, registros médicos, resultados de laboratorio, monitoreo hemodinámico, sistema ventilatorio, profundidad de inconsciencia y control nociceptivo, imágenes e información clínica, para generar modelos predictivos. Optimizar las estrategias de tratamiento y mejorar la seguridad del paciente, permitiendo al anestesiólogo centrarse en el análisis general y la toma de decisiones.
ESTIMULAÇÃO DOS BEBÊS: DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO NA PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL
Authors: Kuhn Martin , Martins Ivane Beatriz
Published: November 2024

Estimular os bebês desde o seu nascimento é fundamental para o seu desenvolvimento psicomotor, intelectual, afetivo e social. É na primeira infância que os bebês desenvolvem o conhecimento sobre si, sobre o mundo, sobre a natureza, a partir das relações que estabelecem com os outros e com o meio social. O presente artigo discute a relevância da estimulação dos bebês. Parte da problemática: o que compreendem as produções acadêmicas acerca da relevância da estimulação para o desenvolvimento dos bebês? Objetiva compreender a relevância da estimulação no processo do desenvolvimento dos bebês. Trata-se de um estudo teórico e bibliográfico e assume como interface a perspectiva teórica e metodológica dialética para a compreensão do desenvolvimento humano. Do ponto de vista procedimental orienta-se referenciado na Análise Temática (AT) proposta por Braun e Clarke, para ler, analisar e interpretar os temas prévios estabelecidos: estimulação precoce e estimulação e desenvolvimento dos bebês. A reflexão reconhece a centralidade da estimulação dos bebês, por meio das interações e brincadeiras, razão pela qual os espaços e tempos das creches, dirigidos aos bebês, se fazem fundamentais para o seu desenvolvimento.
ENHANCED SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE-FED LOG-PERIODIC DIPOLE ANTENNA ARRAY FOR 5G MILLIMETER-WAVE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Metahri Hanane , Abri Mehadji , Moussaoui Hanaa , Cherif Nabil
Published: November 2024

In this article, we focus mainly on the study of log-periodic dipole antennas (LPDAs), which are fed with substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology and then transformed into antenna arrays by 1 × 2 and 1 × 4 power dividers. To analyze this behavior, we used the CST Microwave Studio software, where the antenna array performance was designed and simulated in the millimeter band, particularly within the 25 GHz range and the surrounding area, spanning from 20 GHz to 40 GHz. The results and the obtained gains were compared and contrasted. We employed the Rogers RT5880 substrate, which has a relative permittivity of 2.2. The simulation results indicate that for a single SIW antenna operating at 25.24 GHz, the lower return loss is approximately -28.35 dB, with an average gain of about 6.09 dBi, a directivity of 6.5 dBi, and an efficiency of 93%. Subsequently, the proposed two-LPDA linear SIW antenna array exhibits a lower return loss of -26.39 dB at 24.52 GHz and -14.25 dB at 25.38 GHz, with a gain value of 10.49 dBi. Finally, the simulated results for an LPDA SIW antenna array with four radiating elements show operation at 25.84 GHz, featuring a lower return loss of -13.47 dB, a gain value of 13.43 dBi, a directivity of 13.86 dBi, and an efficiency of 90%. The proposed antenna array is characterized by its compact size, high gain, and good efficiency, making it an excellent component for 5G millimeter-wave applications.
NEUROSYNTHETICS: ADAPTIVE DYNAMIC RISK FACTOR INTEGRATION NETWORK ARCHITECTURE FOR CARDIAC RISK PREDICTION
Authors: Kumar G. Srinivasa Naveen , Raghuram Chinni Poorna Bala Manikanta , Begum Abdul Asifa , Krishna Silamanthula Hari , Jasmin Shaik , Naidu Kakumanu Vennelaviri , Satamraju Krishna Prasad
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality globally, necessitating advancements
in predictive analytics to preemptively identify individuals at elevated risk. The proposed neurosynthetics
introduces a groundbreaking neural network framework designed to enhance cardiac risk stratification through dynamic feature synthesis and adaptive architecture optimization. The proposed model leverages raw clinical data, transforming it into a synthesized feature space using an embedded neural layer that captures complex interactions between physiological and demographic variables. The
architecture employs a novel adaptive learning mechanism (ALM), which iteratively refines the neural
structure in response to real-time validation metrics, fostering a balance between model complexity
and predictive accuracy. In a retrospective cohort study utilizing patient data (n = 10,000), neurosynthetics
demonstrated a predictive accuracy of 99.54%, outperforming conventional risk calculators,
which was evidenced by the model's superior area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9982, compared to 0.83 achieved by traditional methods. Furthermore, the model's precision in identifying high-risk patients was underscored by a 15% improvement in positive predictive value. The ALM component was pivotal in enhancing performance, reducing overfitting, as indicated by a 5% increase in cross-validated accuracy. Neurosynthetics promises to revolutionize CVD risk assessment,
enabling clinicians to predict 10-year cardiac risk with greater precision. With its capacity to adapt
and evolve with incoming data positions, it is a powerful tool in the pursuit of personalized healthcare
and proactive disease management strategies.
Paul Tillich'te İnsan-Günah İlişkisi
Authors: Şener Habib
Published: November 2024

İnsan; akıllı, düşünen, konuşan, özgür ve sorumlu bir varlıktır. İnsan-günah ilişkisi özellikle ilâhî dinleri ilgilendiren bir konudur. İnsan-günah ilişkisini özgürlük ve kaderden hareketle açıklayan Tillich’e göre insan özgür bir varlıktır. Hatta insan, özgürlüğe sahip olduğu için insandır. Ancak insanın özgürlüğü sonlu bir özgürlüktür. Çünkü insandaki özgürlük ve kader birbirini sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu durum insanda özgürlük ve kaderin birbirinden ayrılması imkânsız bir şekilde birleştiğini göstermektedir. Kader, insanın özgürlüğünün temelini teşkil ederken, insanın özgürlüğü ise kaderini şekillendirmeye iştirak eder. Aslî varlıkta uyum hâlinde olan özgürlük ve kader arasındaki gerilim sonlu özgürlüğün kendi bilincine vardığı ve fiilî hâle gelmeye çalıştığı anda ortaya çıkar. Böylece özgürlük kendisini ait olduğu kaderden ayırır ve keyfîliğe dönüşür. Sonuçta insan kaderini kaybeder. Kaderin kaybı, özgürlüğün kaybını da içerir. Tillich, günah kavramını Tanrı, evren ve insan ilişkisi bağlamında ele alarak din ile insan varoluşunun derinlikleri arasında bağ kurmaya çalışmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra o, günahın hem kişisel özgürlük hem de evrensel kader sorunu olduğunu ileri sürerek insanın günahkârlığını ontolojik bir kader olarak kabul etmiştir. Bu makalede yirminci yüzyılın en önemli varoluşçu filozoflarından olan Paul Tillich’in insan-günah ilişkisi hakkındaki görüşleri incelenecektir.
APPLICATION OF PRIVATE LAW CONSTRUCTIONS IN PUBLIC LEGAL RELATIONS
Authors:   Perm State University, Trapeznikova E. V.
Published: November 2024

the article uses examples from judicial practice to demonstrate, firstly, the use by authorities of private law structures in public relations. This technique, used to overcome gaps in the law, on the contrary, leads to legal uncertainty, since it creates new conditions for the implementation of rights and obligations for private entities. Secondly, the refusal to follow the material structures established by private law and the priority appli­cation of the formal rules of public law, which imposes new obligations or prohibitions on private subjects. The absence of a single legal and technical basis for such facts of application of the law, contrary to the fundamental provisions of Art. 2 and 18 of the Constitution of the Russian Fe­deration, leads to opportunistic law enforcement and an imbalance of interests of private and public subjects in public legal relations.
An exploration of undergraduate health science students’ experiences of blended learning andragogy: A rapid review
Authors: Abbas Iesrafeel , Sayed Zarina , Lujabe Khanya , Mdleleni Zintle , Mokoto Mapule , Pama Bridget , Somdaka Baby Sinelizwi
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Blended learning is defined as the combined use of in-person and online learning, through interactive multimedia and face-to-face engagement with curriculum content. Recently, higher education institutions have experienced major inevitable changes in teaching and learning approaches, sparking interest in the exploration of these approaches- including blended learning.
Aim:
To explore undergraduate health sciences students’ experiences of blended learning.
Method:
A rapid review of articles published in English was conducted between 18th-22nd February 2022 using the following databases: Pubmed, Ebscohost, Web of Science, Scopus, Africawide Information and CINAHL. Articles found were exported to Endnote, version 20.2.1. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis flow chart was used to document the search. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used to appraise the articles, which were analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings:
Eight quantitative articles were analysed and categorised on the hierarchy of evidence. Three themes emerged: 1. Student engagement and perceptions of blended learning, 2. Student academic performance, and 3. Challenges of blended learning.
Conclusion: Positive experiences of blended learning were reported, including: significant improvement of student academic performance, higher levels of satisfaction and an increased student engagement. Ineffective online learning platforms and/or technological devices resulted in students experiencing anxiety and frustration.
 
Implications for practice

Blended learning may be a feasible option to maintain and enhance students learning experience.
Students’ academic performance could improve with blended learning
Blended learning could increase students’ engagement within the andragogical field.
İtfaiyecilerin Fiziksel Aktivite, Kendini Sabotaj ve Benlik Saygısı Düzeyleri
Authors: Aktaş Samet , Kamuk Yetkin Utku
Published: November 2024

İtfaiyecilik, zorlu görevler arasında yer alan, çalışanlar için oldukça riskli ancak sivil bireyler için hayati öneme sahip bir meslektir. İtfaiyecilerin her an ortaya çıkabilecek olan bir göreve hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik olarak hazır olmaları büyük önem taşımaktadır. İtfaiyecilerin fiziksel ve psikolojik hazır bulunuşluklarının tam olmaması, geri döndürülemez sonuçlara yol açabilmektedir. Gerek bitiş zamanı belli olmayan çalışma süreleri, gerek çalışma temposunun yoğun olması nedeniyle, vardiya sistemi ile çalışan itfaiyecilerin yeterli düzeyde fiziksel aktivite fırsatı bulamadıkları öne sürülebilir ancak itfaiyecilerin düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmaları elzemdir ve bunun da sağlık durumlarını ve görev performanslarını olumlu etkileyeceği aşikardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı itfaiyecilerin fiziksel aktivite, kendini sabote etme ve benlik saygısı düzeylerini incelenmesidir. Literatürde yer alan benzer çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın literatürdeki boşluğun doldurulmasına ve itfaiyecilerin fiziksel aktivite, kendini sabotaj ve benlik saygısı düzeylerinin ortaya konulmasına katkı sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmaya, çeşitli belediyelerde aktif olarak görev yapan 767 itfaiyeci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışma öncesinde, Girişimsel Olmayan Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu'ndan onay alınmış ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan itfaiyecilerden bilgilendirilmiş onama onay vermeleri istenmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS 25.0 (IBM, ABD) paket programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Q-Q Plot, Shapiro-Wilk ve histogram analizi kullanılarak test edilmiş ve verilerin normal dağılım göstermediği görülmüştür. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıkları ve değişkenler arasındaki korelasyonu test etmek için parametrik olmayan testler kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite seviyelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Değerlendirme Anketi’nden faydalanılmıştır. Kendini sabotaj düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, Jones ve Rhodewalt tarafından oluşturulan ve Türkçe uyarlamasını Akın (2012)’ın yaptığı uyarlanan Kendini Sabotaj Ölçeği; benlik saygısı düzeylerini belirlemek için ise Rosenberg tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçe geçerlilik-güvenirlik çalışmasını Tukuş’un (2010) yaptığı Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, itfaiye personelinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin orta ve düşük seviyede olduğu ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin benlik saygısı ile pozitif, kendini sabote etme ile negatif düzeyde düşük düzeyde bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin arttırılabilmesi için itfaiye personelinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin idare tarafından periyodik olarak takip edilmesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyine bağlı olarak fiziksel uygunluk düzeylerinin yükseltilmesine katkı sağlanması önerilmektedir.
A combined model for localizing acoustic sources using deep learning technology
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Shahoud Ghiath M. , Agafonov Evgeny D. ,   Siberian Federal University; Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a deep learning model for sound source localization, which considers localization as a source direction classification problem. An approach is proposed based on the integration of sound intensity features and GCC-PHAT (Generalized cross-correlation - phase transform) features as input data for convolutional neural networks. Taking into account the modeling conditions, datasets were created for the purpose of training, validating and testing the model with spatial resolutions of 10º and 2 º. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model in localizing the source with high accuracy in a closed environment and in the presence of reverberation. The proposed model with a resolution of 10º outperformed the model fed with only sound intensity features as input features, achieving improvement in accuracy by 6,57% and in prediction accuracy by 2,86%, while the model with a resolution of 2º achieved an improvement in accuracy by 15,57% and in prediction accuracy by 2,04%.
Road damage defects segmentation based on convolutional neural network ensemble
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kanaeva Irina A. , Spitsyn Vladimir G. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; National Research Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

Early monitoring road conditions and defect detection are an important step in ensuring road safety. The work presents a new road damage segmentation dataset SegmRDD. It contains 4420 images with defects of three classes "cracks", "alligator crack", "potholes" well annotated at the pixel level. The dataset is balanced and covers the roads of five countries, including Russia. Developed ensemble model based on three parallel-trained neural network models YOLOv8, U-Net, Mask R-CNN with combining results, and achieved an F1-score of 70% for all defects.
Hamman Syndrome during Labor. Report of a Case
Authors: Diana Mayela Esquivel Muñoz , Diego Fernando López Salinas , Alexander Porter Magaña , Victor Manuel Vargas-Hernández
Published: November 2024

Hamman Syndrome is defined as a self-limiting syndrome, characterized by the coexistence of free air in the mediastinum without an identifiable cause or secondary to trauma, intrathoracic infections, or medical procedures. Clinical manifestations commonly present abruptly and consist mainly of substernal chest pain of a pleuritic nature (forced inspiration), dyspnea, facial pain, odynophagia, cough, dysphagia, and others. A case of Hamman syndrome during labor in a 21-year-old woman is presented.
Improving treatment outcomes for patients with HER2‑positive breast cancer using neoadjuvant double HER2 blockade
Authors: Semiglazov V. F. , Bekkeldieva N. B. , Komyakhov A. V. , Komyakhov A. V. , Paltuev R. M. , Tseluyko A. I. , Gigolaeva L. P. , Tabagua T. T. , Zhiltsova E. K. , Apollonova V. S. , Dashyan G. A. , Kudaybergenova A. G. , Ivanov V. G. , Bozhok A. A. , Ulrikh D. G. , Gorina A. O. , Semiglazova T. Yu.
Published: November 2024

Background. Dual anti-HER2-targeted therapy in breast cancer (BC) significantly increased the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) compared to single blockade when added to chemotherapy. However, limited data exist on the long-term impact on survival of the additional increase in pCR.

Aim. To improve recommendations regarding HER2-targeted agents and chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant treatment of BC.

Materials and methods. N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center, Ministry of Health of Russia took participation in some clinical trials of neoadjuvant treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, including NeoSphere and NeoALTTO. In multicenter, open-label, phase 2 randomised NeoSphere trial, patients with locally advanced, inflammatory, or early-stage HER2-positive BC were randomly assigned to receive four neoadjuvant cycles of trastuzumab (8 mg/kg loading dose, followed by 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks) plus docetaxel (75 mg/m2 from every 3 weeks, increasing to 100 mg/m2 from cycle 2 if tolerated) (group A), pertuzumab (420 mg every 3 weeks) and trastuzumab plus docetaxel (group B), pertuzumab and trastuzumab (group C), or pertuzumab and docetaxel (group D). After surgery, patients received three cycles of FEC. Рatients in group C received four cycles of docetaxel prior to FEC, and trastuzumab 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks to complete 1 years treatment. In NeoALTTO trial from 455 patients 154 patients received lapatinib, 149 – trastuzumab, 152 – combination of lapatinib and trastuzumab.

Results. Between 2007, and 2009, 417 patients were randomly assigned to group A (107 patients), group B (n = 107), group C (n = 107), or group D (n = 96). At clinical cutoff, 87 patients had disease progression or died. 5-year progressionfree survival rates were 81 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 71–87) for group A, 86 % (95 % CI 72–91) for group B, 73 % for group C, and 73 % for group D (95 % CI 0.34–1.40). Disease-free survival rates were consistent with progressionfree survival rates and were 81 % (95 % CI 72–88) for group A, 84 % (95 % CI 72–91) for group B, 80 % (95 % CI 70–86) for group C, and 75 % (95 % CI 64–83) for group D. In NeoALTTO trial patients who achieved pCR had longer progressionfree survival (85 % (95 % CI 76–91)) compared with patients who did not achieve pCR (76 % (95 % CI 71–81)).

Conclusion. High levels of progression-free survival and disease-free survival at 5–10-years follow-up show large and overlapping CI, but support the primary endpoint (pCR) and suggest that neoadjuvant pertuzumab is beneficial when combined with trastuzumab and docetaxel. Additionally, they suggest that pCR could be an early indicator of long-term outcome in early-stage HER2-positive BC.
Medium-term oncological outcome endoscopic surgery malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Bolotin M. V. , Mudunov A. M. , Raportinova A. E. , Peshko D. A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Transnasal endoscopic resection of sinonasal tumors is currently used in many clinics around the world. Short- and long-term oncological outcomes primarily depend on tumor histology. However, most currently existing studies are based on a small number of observations due to the rarity and heterogeneity of sinonasal malignancy.Aim. To evaluate short- and medium-term oncological outcomes of treatment of malignant sinonasal tumors. Materials and methods. The study is based on retrospective analysis of 95 patients who underwent endoscopic surgery for sinonasal malignancy between 2014 and 2023 at the N.N. Blokhin National medical Research Center of Oncology. Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 27 (28.4 %) patients, olfactory neuroblastoma in 13 (13.7 %), mucosal melanoma in 30 (31.6 %), adenocarcinoma in (6.3 %), adenoid cystic carcinoma in 7 (7.3 %), sarcomas in 12 (12.7 %). Results. In the study group, 2-years overall survival and recurrence-free survival were 81.3 and 61.4 % respectively, survival without local recurrence was 87.5 %. The outcomes significantly depended on tumor histology.Conclusion. Oncological outcomes of endoscopic resections of sinonasal tumors significantly depend on tumor histology, but in general they allow to achieve good local control. Small number of observations, variety of histological forms, and short follow-up periods do not allow to accurately evaluate the effectiveness of this approach for each tumor type. further research in large populations is needed to establish risk factors.
Resolution based on the results of Council meetings on the topic “Current problems in the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer”
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2024

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