bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potassium-Induced Emission Enhancement of Bovine Serum Albumin-Stabilized Red-Emitting Au Nanoclusters: Mechanism and Application to Blood Plasma
Authors: Hidayat Achmad , Wawrzyniak Nicole , Domanski Adam , Shibata Yutaka , Hori Akiko , Hashimoto Shuichi , Rzeznicka Izabela
Published: December 2021

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enhancement is attractive for bioimaging as it offers higher quantum yields (QYs) from fluorophores via modulation of their immediate environment. Fluorophores with high QYs are essential probes for investigating the spatiotemporal distribution of physiologically important metal ions such sodium and potassium. Potassium ions are vital for normal function of living organisms. The research reported here evaluates the emission intensity of the bovine serum albumin-stabilized red-emitting gold nanoclusters (BSA-rAuNCs) upon uptake of K+. The integrated sphere method was used to determine the absolute QYs and a custom-built fluorescence setup recorded the emission spectra of BSA-rAuNCs. Enhancement of emission intensity was observed upon increasing K+ concentration, within the physiological concentration range of 0 - 150 mM. The emission enhancement was correlated with the particle size and charge analysis. Aggregation of BSA-rAuNCs was found to be responsible for the observed emission enhancement. The QY of BSA-rAuNCs in bovine blood plasma was found to be four times lower than corresponding QY in water.
Perioperative Outcomes of Non-intubated Versus Intubated Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery in Different Thoracic Procedures: a Propensity Score-matched Analysis
Authors: Pathonsamit Chompunoot , Tantraworasin Apichat , Poopipatpab Sujaree , Laohathai Sira
Published: December 2021

Background: Non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS) is increasingly performed in different types of thoracic procedures. Based on the anesthetic perspective, the outcomes of this method are limited. General anesthesia with intubation and controlled ventilation for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (IVATS) is a standard technique. The current study aimed to compare the pulmonary gas exchange between NIVATS and IVATS, with a focus on desaturation event.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Vajira Hospital. Data were collected from the hospital medical record database between January 9, 2019, and May 15, 2020. A propensity score-matched analysis was used to adjust the confounders by indications and contraindication between NIVATS and IVATS. The perioperative outcomes of VATS and NIVATS were compared by the regression analysis method.Results: In total, 180 patients were included in the analysis. There were 98 and 82 patients in the NIVATS and IVATS groups, respectively. After a propensity score matching, the number of patients with similar characteristics decreased to 52 per group. None of the patients in both groups experienced desaturation. The lowest oxygen saturation of the NIVATS and IVATS groups did not significantly differ (96.5% vs. 99%, respectively; p = 0.185). The NIVATS group had a significantly higher ETco2 peak than the IVATS group (43 vs. 36 mmHg, respectively; p < 0.001). According to the regression analysis, the NIVATS group had a significantly shorter anesthetic induction time (Mean difference (MD) = -5.135 min (95 % CI = (- 8.878)- (-1.391)) and lower volume of blood loss (MD =-75.565 ml (95%CI = (- 131.08) - (- 20.65) but a higher intraoperative ETCO2 than the IVATS group (MD = 4.561 mmHg (95%CI=1.852 - 7.269). Four patients in the NIVATS group required conversion to intubation due to difficulties encountered when using the surgical technique (7.7%, p = 0.041). Seven patients in the IVATS group, but none in the NIVATS group, presented with sore throat (13.5% vs. 0%, respectively; p = 0.006). Moreover, none of the patients in both groups experienced postoperative pneumonia, underwent reoperation, or died.Conclusions: The anesthetic and surgical outcomes of NIVATS were comparable to those of IVATS.
Investigation on Pollution Control Device (PCD) In Foundry Industry to Reduce Environmental Chemicals
Authors: Ramaswamy Krishnaraj , Jule Leta Tesfaye , Nagaraj Nagaprasad , subramanian Kumaran , Ramaswamy Shanmugam , Dwarampudi Priyanka
Published: December 2021

Right from the olden days, many products have been made according to foundry practices in order to generate prosperity in the societies in which they operate, while reaping these types of benefits through the operation of foundries. It is alarming that the emissions released by foundries affect human health. Therefore, foundries installed Pollution Control devices (PCDs), in accordance with this development; researchers examined the effectiveness of these PCDs in controlling emissions from foundries in different parts of the world. The emission control obtained by installing these PCDs is explained in this article based on the data gathered from the survey. The result of the study indicated that the cartridge filter built into the induction furnace achieves the best efficiency in controlling contamination from foundries. Interestingly, the operation of the cartridge filter has yet to be documented. Therefore, the construction, operation, the performance of the cartridge filter, and its efficiency in achieving contamination control in foundries are described. The article ends by emphasizing the need to conduct surveys in foundries in which a cartridge filter is installed. The results of this study will provide useful information on the use of cartridge filters in induction furnaces to reduce foundry emissions.
Remnant Cholesterol and Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern China
Authors: Liu Min , Zhang Nan , Fang Xing , Bao Han , Yan Tao , Zhu Hao , Zhao Yifan , Zhang Wei , Bi Yanqing , Tian Zixuan , Miao Yu , Wang Jingyu , Zhang Xingguang
Published: December 2021

Background:Heterogeneity exists in the relationship of remnant cholesterol (RC) with cardiovascular disease. In this study, we examined the association between RC and ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) risks and the RC-related risk beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) among people in northern China.Methods:We determined the lipid profile among 65,236 people aged 35–75 years, enrolled between 2015 and 2017, who lived in Inner Mongolia for more than 6 months. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between RC concentration and ICVD risks. Results:In total, 2350 ICVD events were included in the study. RC was significantly associated with the risk of ICVD, CHD events, and ischemic stroke (IS) (ICVD odds ratio [OR] fourth quartile vs first quartile( Q4 vs Q1) 1.253, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.104–1.421, P trend<0.001; CHD events ORQ4 vs Q1 1.222, 95% CI 1.018–1.466, P trend=0.034; IS ORQ4 vs Q1 1.288, 95% CI 1.090–1.522, P trend=0.001). This association remained significant after including LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Moreover, the discordant high RC/low LDL-C groupwas associated with increased ICVD risk compared with the low RC/low LDL-C group (OR 1.174, 95% CI 1.029–1.339). Similar results were obtained when adjusting for traditional risk factors of ICVD. Conclusions: We found that RC was associated with an increased risk of ICVD independent of traditional risk factors, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels. The interaction of RC and LDL-C was associated with the risk of ICVD risks.
HPV16 E6 Gene Polymorphisms and the Functions of the Mutation Site in Cervical Cancer Among Uygur and Han Women in Xinjiang
Authors: Xin Huizhen , Pan Zhenzhen , Zhe Xiangyi , Zhang Chunhe , Li Hongtao , Zheng Weinan , Long Haichen , Shao Renfu , Li Dongmei , Pan Zemin
Published: December 2021

Background: To investigate the genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) in infected Uygur and Han women in Xinjiang; analyze the HPV16 E6 gene polymorphism site and relationship with the development of cervical cancer.Methods: The HPV16 E6 sequence was analyzed using the European standard prototype to perform an evolutionary tree. HPV16 E6-295T/350T, 295G/350G, and 295T/350G GV230 vectors were stably transfected into cervical cancer C33A cells to analyze the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, apoptosis by CCK8 and clonogenic assays, transwell and cell scratch assays, FACS experiments. Results: The total HPV infection rate was 26.390% (760/2879), whereas the Uygur 22.87% (196/857) and the Han was 27.89% (564/2022) (P < 0.05). Among 110 mutations, 65 cases of E6 genes were mutated at nucleotide 350 (T350G) with the leucine changing to valine (L83V). Moreover, there were 7 cases of E6 gene mutated at nucleotide 295 (T295G) with aspartic changing to glutamic (D64E). When E6 vector(s) of mutations sites were transfected into C33A cells, they were found to promote cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibit apoptosis. The 295T/350G had the strongest effect on C33A cells and 295G/350G was significantly stronger than 295T/350T (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The positive HPV infection rates differed between the Uygur and Han in Xinjiang, and the genotype distribution of infection was different. After transfecting C33A cells with different eukaryotic expression vectors, the 295T/350G mutation site promoted the proliferation，migration, and invasion of C33A cells to a greater extent than 295G/350G; however, 295G/350G had a stronger effect than 295T/350T.
Identifying and addressing conflicting results across multiple discordant systematic reviews on the same question: Protocol for a replication study of the Jadad algorithm
Authors: Lunny Carole , Thirugnanasampanthar Sai Surabi , Kanji Salman , Ferri Nicola , Pieper Dawid , Whitelaw Sera , Thabet Pierre , Tasmin Sara , Nelson Harrison , Reid Emma , Zhang Jia He (Janet) , Kalkat Banveer , Chi Yuan , Thompson Jacqueline Y , Abdoulrezzak Reema , Zheng Di Wen (Wendy) , Pangka Lindy R.S. , Wang Dian (Xin Ran) , Safavi Parisa , Sooch Anmol , Kang Kevin T. , Tricco Andrea C
Published: December 2021

Introduction: An increasing growth of systematic reviews (SRs) presents notable challenges for decision-makers seeking to answer clinical questions. In 1997, an algorithm was created by Jadad to assess discordance in results across SRs on the same question. Our study aims to (a) replicate assessments done in a sample of studies using the Jadad algorithm to determine if the same SR would have been chosen, (b) evaluate the Jadad algorithm in terms of utility, efficiency, and comprehensiveness, and (c) describe how authors address discordance in results across multiple SRs. Methods and Analysis: We will use a database of 1218 overviews (2000-2020) created from a bibliometric study as the basis of our search for studies assessing discordance (called Discordant Reviews). This bibliometric study searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Epistemonikos, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for overviews. We will include any study using Jadad (1997) or another method to assess discordance. The first 30 studies screened at the full-text stage by two independent reviewers will be included. We will replicate the authors’ Jadad assessments. We will compare our outcomes qualitatively and evaluate the differences between our Jadad assessment of discordance and the authors’ assessment. Ethics and Dissemination: No ethics approval was required as no human subjects were involved. In addition to publishing in an open-access journal, we will disseminate evidence summaries through formal and informal conferences, academic websites, and across social media platforms. This is the first study to comprehensively evaluate and replicate Jadad algorithm assessments of discordance across multiple SRs.
Value-oriented approach in Kazakhstani regional development projects
Authors: Uzakova Shynar , Beimenbetov Serik , Shildibekov Yerlan
Published: December 2021

Sustainable regional development projects are a challenge for all countries, regardless of their geographic location, cultural differences, or level of economic development. Kazakhstan is also facing this challenge and tries to counteract this process by actively implementing regional development projects and programs. However, project effectiveness and project value remain bottlenecks as these projects are aimed to improve lives and work in rural areas and eliminate inequality; therefore, managing such projects is a complex issue. This study seeks to obtain data that will help to address these research gaps and to identify value aspects of such projects from the end-users’ perspectives – local communities. This can help to understand how to select projects with high value and enhance their effectiveness.For this purpose, in 2020, a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews of end-users of regional development projects implemented in local communities were conducted. 301 respondents from main mining towns included in the regional development program of the Republic of Kazakhstan have been surveyed and 18 deep interviews have been conducted. The results show that Kazakhstani regional development projects appear to have a low level of value from the perspective of main stakeholders and beneficiaries – local communities. Project value evaluation has also revealed that a concept of value is different for local government authorities, project teams, and local communities. The study expands knowledge on the management of regional development projects, revealing the importance of understanding the value for such projects to achieve success and enhance their effectiveness.
Flexible and deterministic household water saving under water demand uncertainty: existing water distribution system and sanitary sewer perspectives
Authors: Basupi Innocent
Published: December 2021

An integrated method that evaluates conflicting hydraulic performances of water distribution systems (WDSs) and sanitary sewers (SSs) considering water-saving schemes (WSSs) under fixed (deterministic) or uncertain water demands was formulated. WSSs considered include household water-saving fixtures and appliances whose water flows impact water distribution system (WDS) and sanitary sewer (SS) hydraulic performances in different ways. In the proposed flexible approach, a multi-objective optimisation problem was formulated and solved considering trade-offs of three objectives: (1) maximisation of the average cost savings (2) maximisation of the average WDS resilience index and (3) minimisation of the average SS self-cleansing velocity deficit factor. The decision variables include water-saving fixture and appliance capacities that are applied in a deterministic or flexible manner at a household level. The constraints include WDS and SS hydraulic requirements together with decision bounds of the available water-saving scheme capacities. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was used to obtain trade-off solutions. This method was demonstrated in the corresponding WDS and SS network subsystems of Tsholofelo extension in Gaborone, Botswana. The results indicate that WSSs lead to visibly conflicting WDS and SS hydraulic performances. Moreover, considering the uncertainty inherent in water demand and the corresponding planning and management of WDSs and SSs provides more sustainable solutions as demand uncertainties unveil.
Catálogo de dados dos trabalhos científicos de gestão ambiental e saúde da Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca (ENSP/FIOCRUZ): Proposta
Authors: Parangaba Cristiane Rozeno
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem como proposta a organização dos trabalhos científicos da linha de pesquisa Gestão Ambiental e Saúde do programa Saúde Pública, da Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP). Para tanto, objetiva-se a criação de um catálogo de conjuntos de dados brutos com informações descritivas sobre os dados como, por exemplo, seu conteúdo, abrangência temporal e geográfica, e qualidade, que auxiliará os usuários a análise preliminar sem a necessidade de adquiri-los. A partir de uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória das publicações dessa linha de pesquisa nos repositórios institucional e temático, e da relação semântica existentes entre eles, a meta é futuramente inserir os conjuntos de dados brutos de pesquisa identificados e classificados no catálogo, em um repositório de dados científicos que utilize um padrão de metadados.
Memórias da repressão e da resistência: um olhar comparado entre Brasil e Argentina
Authors: Frota Maria Guiomar da Cunha
Published: December 2021

Diante da necessidade social de publicização de informações relativas a violações de direitos humanos e de gestão e disseminação das memórias da repressão e da resistência às ditaduras militares no contexto do Cone Sul, este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar resultados parciais de uma pesquisa empírica sobre duas temáticas: arquivos da repressão e da resistência no Brasil e na Argentina; e a justiça transicional e publicização de informações sobre mortos e desaparecidos no Brasil. Para tanto, empreendeu-se pesquisa bibliográfica tanto para caracterizar a inserção das temáticas relativas à memória nas ciências sociais e na ciência da informação, quanto para compreender os elementos fundamentais que permeiam o conceito de justiça de transição, empreendeu-se também estudo de caso no Arquivo Nacional, no contexto brasileiro, e no Arquivo Nacional da Memória, em âmbito argentino. Exalta-se a necessidade de políticas públicas e sociais que fomentem o acesso as informações relativas a violações de direitos humanos armazenadas nos arquivos citados, e destaca-se a necessidade do empreendimento de investigações científicas no âmbito da Arquivologia, Biblioteconomia e Museologia para potencialização da organização, disseminação e gestão desses estoques informacionais.
Biblioteconomia: aspectos da formação bibliotecária no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Paiva Alline Heloise Valle , Cunha Jacqueline de Araújo , Martins Jéssica Souza , Silva Judson Daniel Oliveira da , Santos Rosa Milena dos
Published: December 2021

Apresenta o panorama da profissão de bibliotecário no Brasil, destacando a identidade do profissional nos dias atuais. Discorre sobre o histórico da profissão de Bibliotecário no Brasil. Aponta os aspectos relativos à formação do Bibliotecário e seus espaços de atuação. Utiliza, como metodologia pesquisa com levantamento bibliográfico em livros, periódicos e sites. Usa como fonte de pesquisa, documentos institucionais do Ministério da Educação (MEC), de associações e de órgãos representativos da profissão e universidades. Faz levantamento de dados em sites de classificados de emprego e divulgação de concursos, utilizando como argumento de busca a profissão de bibliotecário. Considera que a profissão bibliotecário, apesar de ser uma profissão milenar, mostra-se como uma profissão promissora e com grande diversidade de espaços de atuação.
Universidade e repressão política
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Cláudia
Published: December 2021

Artigo tem como objetivo analisar as recomendações da Comissão da Verdade da UFRN, no que tange as questões de acesso à informação. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos a pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, descritiva e para realizá-lo, utilizou-se o método de levantamento (survey) das próprias informações divulgadas na UFRN, a fim de identificar se, as seis recomendações (pertinentes ao campo informacional) do relatório da Comissão foram realizadas pela UFRN. Quanto aos resultados, observa-se que das seis recomendações, três não foram atendidas, a primeira, a utilização o prédio histórico onde funcionou a Faculdade de Direito da UFRN para abrigar o acervo; providenciar um acondicionamento ideal para o acervo de documentos do Arquivo Geral e por último criar bases de pesquisa sobre o tema da ditadura militar. Por fim os espaços de memória da repressão são instituições que representam o enfrentamento pelo direito à verdade e pelo direito à memória, não apenas com a finalidade de conhecer, mas de refletir sobre as ações do presente. Os arquivos são componentes essenciais para estratégias que visam promover o acesso à informação.
Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol A and Developmental Programming
of the Cardiovascular Changes in the Offspring
Authors: Sirasanagandla S. Rao , Al-Huseini Isehaq , Sofin R.G. Sumesh , Das Srijit
Published: December 2021

:

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial ubiquitous compound, frequently used to
produce synthetic polymers and epoxy resins. BPA is a well-recognized endocrine disruptor
and xenoestrogen compound. Evidence from epidemiological and experimental
studies suggests that perinatal BPA exposure (gestation and/or lactation) increases the
risk of developing various diseases, including the cardiovascular system. Developmental
programming refers to environmental insults during the critical window of development
that affect the structure and physiology of body systems, causing permanent changes in
later stages. BPA influences the developmental programming of non-communicable diseases
in the offspring. In the present review, we discuss the developmental programming
of cardiovascular diseases related to perinatal exposure to BPA, supported by epidemiological
and experimental evidence from published literature. The majority of the reported
studies found a positive association between perinatal BPA exposure and adverse cardiovascular
repercussions in the fetal, neonatal, and adulthood stages. The possible underlying
mechanisms include epigenetic modifications of genes involved in cardiac muscle development,
autonomic tone, collagenous and non-collagenous extracellular matrix, cardiac
remodeling and calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Epigenetics
can modify the outcome of any disease. Hence, in the present review, we also discuss
the role of epigenetics in preventing cardiovascular diseases following perinatal exposure
to BPA. We also highlight how future treatment and drug delivery related to cardiovascular
involvement could be based on epigenetic markers.
Carboxylation of Alkenes and Alkynes Using CO2 as a Reagent: An Overview
Authors: Chatterjee Rupak , Bhaumik Asim
Published: December 2021

:

CO2 fixation reactions are of paramount interest both from economical and environmental perspectives. As an abundant, non-toxic, and renewable C1 feedstock, CO2 can be
utilized for the synthesis of fuels and commodity chemicals under elevated reaction conditions. The major challenge in the CO2 utilization reactions is its chemical inertness due to
high thermodynamic stability and kinetic barrier. The carboxylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons with CO2 is an important transformation as it forms high-value reaction products having
industrial as well as medicinal importance. This mini-review is mainly focused on the recent
developments in the homogeneously and heterogeneously catalyzed carboxylation of alkenes
and alkynes by using carbon dioxide as a reagent. We have highlighted various types of carboxylation reactions of alkenes and alkynes involving different catalytic systems, which
comprise mainly C-H bond activation, hydrocarboxylation, carbocarboxylation, heterocarboxylation, and ring-closing
carboxylation, including visible-light assisted synthesis processes. The mechanistic pathways of these carboxylation
reactions have been described. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives of these carboxylation reactions are discussed.
Effect of Vaginal Delivery on Lactose Content of Human Milk
Authors: Zeynali Leila , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Khalili Azizeh Farshbaf , Hosseini Mohammadbagher , Khalili Assef , Hakimi Sevil
Published: December 2021

Objective:

The macronutrients of human milk are considered essential nutritional sources in the first few months of a newborn’s life. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of delivery mode on the macronutrients of human milk.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 102 women who gave birth by cesarean section or vaginal delivery between September 2019 and November 2019. The participants were requested to provide their milk samples on day 15±1 after childbirth.

Results:

There were no significant differences between the two groups (cesarean and vaginal delivery) regarding the sociodemographic characteristics and intake of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and energy. The lactose level was significantly higher in women who gave birth by vaginal delivery (adjusted mean difference, 1.2 (95 % CI 0.02- 1.82)). For other macronutrients, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The vaginal delivery might influence the mature milk lactose level.
Dual Synthesis of Silver and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Edible Green Amaranthus Viridis and their In vitro Antioxidant Activity and Antimicrobial Studies
Authors: Kotakadi Venkata Subbaiah , Kolapalli Bhulakshmi , Gaddam Susmila Aparna , Ramana Sai Gopal  Divi Venkata
Published: December 2021

Background:

There is an increasing commercial demand for nanoparticles due to their
wide applicability in various areas, such as chemistry, catalysis, energy and medicine. Metallic
nanoparticles are traditionally synthesized by wet chemical techniques where the chemicals used
are quite often toxic and flammable.

Objective:

In the present study, we have described a simple, cost-effective and environmentally-
friendly technique for green synthesis of silver and iron nanoparticles by using the aqueous extract
of leafy vegetable Amaranthus viridis as a reducing agent.

Methods:

The silver and iron nanoparticles (Av-AgNPs, Av-IONPs) were characterized by different
spectral methods. The surface plasmon resonance spectrums of Av-AgNPs, Av-IONPs were recorded
at 422nm and 261nm. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals that the
Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs are roughly spherical in shape. Energy dispersive absorption spectroscopy
(EDAX) of biosynthesized Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs indicates the reduction of silver ions to
elemental silver and iron ions to elemental iron.

Results:

The particle size analysis of Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs was carried out by the dynamic
light scattering (DLS) method; the results reveal both Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs to be polydispersed
in nature. The average particle size of Av-AgNPs is 55.8 nm with a polydispersed index
(PI) of 0.297; similarly, the average particle size of Av-IONPs is 80.6 nm with a polydispersed index
(PI) of 0.469. Zeta-potential of Av-AgNPs was detected at -24.6 mV and Av-IONPs were detected
at 28.8 mV; the result reveals that their high stability may be due their high negative charge
and positive charge, respectively. The dual synthesized Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs exhibited excellent
antioxidant activity by DPPH, H2O2 and NO methods. DPPH was proven to be the best when
compared with the other two methods. The biosynthesized Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs proved to
have very good antimicrobial activity against gram +ve and gram –ve bacteria.

Conclusion:

Compared with the standard antibiotic, there are several reports on the green synthesis
of metal nanoparticles using various plant parts, but here, edible leafy vegetable Amaranthus viridis
was used for biosynthesis of both Av-AgNPs and Av-IONPs.
Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colon Cancer: Focus on Conventional Chemotherapy
Authors: Mladenić Klara , Sedić Mirela
Published: December 2021

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a widespread tumour type amongst men and
women. Despite the available screening tests, advanced stage CRC is the most frequent diagnosis.
It is treated with cytotoxic chemotherapeutics 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin (Ox) and irinotecan
(CPT-11) that eventually lose their effectiveness as chemoresistance develops.

Methods:

In this review, the compilation and analysis of PUBMED-retrieved literature data was
comprehensively presented and some novel and/or previously poorly described molecular features
of CRC unresponsiveness to conventional chemotherapy drugs identified using bioinformatics approach.
Complex interactions between previously reported biomarkers of resistance to 5-FU, Ox
and CPT-11 were analysed by STRING and cytoHubba accompanied by KEGG pathway enrichment
analysis using DAVID functional annotation tool.

Results:

The bioinformatics analysis has revealed that 5-FU affects ribosome biogenesis and functioning
(translational activity), leading to colon cancer cells resistance to 5-FU. Unresponsiveness
of CRC to Ox was associated with Rap1 signalling pathway, which opens the possibility of using
RAP1A inhibitors as an adjuvant to oxaliplatin in CRC. Furthermore, stem cell markers c-Myc and
CD44 as well as Akt kinase emerged as novel resistance biomarkers whose pharmacological targeting
could elevate the therapeutic efficacy of irinotecan. Lastly, several pathways common to the resistance
to all three drugs were revealed, including miRNAs in cancer, proteoglycans in cancer, cellular
senescence and the sphingolipid signalling pathway.

Conclusion:

This paper gives a comprehensive overview of resistance mechanisms to 5-FU, Ox
and irinotecan in colon cancer and reveals several novel molecular players and associated mechanisms
that could account for the development of chemoresistance and whose targeting might enable
the design of novel combination strategies to overcome resistance to conventional treatment in
CRC.
Sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS Technique for Monitoring Levothyroxine (T4)
in Human Serum Against Endogenous Thyroxin Level
Authors: Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Pareek Diwakar , Mishra Sanjeev , Gurule Sanjay Jagannath , Khuroo Arshad , Goswami Dipanjan
Published: December 2021

Background:

Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone that is chemically identical
to Thyroxine (T4), which is secreted by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Levothyroxine is
used to treat deficiency of thyroid hormone and prevent the recurrence of thyroid cancer. Levothyroxine
is present endogenously in the human body.

Method:

It requires a treated matrix for the preparation of calibration curve standard and quality
control samples. The method was developed using LC-MS/MS and validated in human charcoal
stripped serum. Charcoal stripped matrix was used for the preparation of Calibration curve standards
and Quality control samples. The method involves Solid-Phase Extraction technique.
Levothyroxine D3 is used as an internal standard (ISTD).

Result:

Chromatographic separation was achieved using reversed phase analytical column Gemini
NX-C18 110Å, 3μm (50x3.6) mm. Mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water in a ratio of
70:30 with 150μL of formic acid in 1000 mL of the mobile phase. Mobile phase achieved shorter
run-time of 0.9 minute due to the use of Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC).
Positive electro-spray ionization technique detected MRM ion pair transitions 777.60→731.65 for
Levothyroxine and 780.70→734.6 for Levothyroxine- D3 (ISTD) were used. AB SCIEX Triple
Quad™ API-4000 LC-MS/MS system and the bioanalytical method with 10ng/mL as the limit of
quantification have been applied successfully to pharmacokinetics studies.

Conclusion:

Chromatographic separation was achieved using reversed phase analytical column
Gemini NX-C18 110Å, 3μm (50x3.6) mm. Mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water in a ratio
of 70:30 with 150μL of formic acid in 1000 mL of the mobile phase. Mobile phase achieved
shorter run-time of 0.9 minutes due to the use of Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography
(UHPLC). AB SCIEX Triple Quad™ API-4000 LC-MS/MS system and the bioanalytical method
with 10ng/mL as the limit of quantification have been applied successfully to pharmacokinetics
studies.
Strategies for Promoting Collaboration in Reading Comprehension Lessons among Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Lazarus Kelechi
Published: December 2021

Efficient skills in reading comprehension enable secondary school students to make meaningful and remarkable advancements in their studies. However, many students with learning disabilities struggle with reading comprehension and consequently obtain low grades in their academic pursuits. This paper pointed out that improvement in reading comprehension and academic achievement among secondary school students with learning disabilities is possible through engaging the students in collaborative learning activities within reading comprehension context. The paper therefore highlighted the principles that guide collaborative classrooms and the benefits of student collaboration in reading comprehension context. Evidence-based interventions that emphasize collaboration such as cooperative learning, peer tutoring, reciprocal teaching, collaborative strategic reading, and directed reading-thinking activity were discussed. Recommendations were made which include that teachers should ensure that they infuse collaboration into reading comprehension lessons of students with learning disabilities by making use of a variety of teaching strategies that stress collaboration, assigning roles to group members and ensuring that group members adhere to the laid down rules for the groups.
The Excellent Sukoharjo District in Inclusive Health Services for People with Disabilities
Authors: Parahita Justin , Suryawati Chriswardani , Shaluhiyah Zahroh
Published: December 2021

Sukoharjo district has Regional Regulation Number 18 of 2017 concerning Persons with Disabilities including Inclusion Health Services Policy. Problems completed during the implementation included four aspects that determined the success of policy implementation, they were communication between organizations, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure ( standard operating procedures). Sukoharjo is the first district that has inclusive health service SOP. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the regional regulation which is an inclusive health service policy This qualitative research was conducted at Community Health Centers in Sukoharjo from May to December 2020. Data collection techniques were in-depth interviews, observation, and document study. Subjects consisted of 20 informants consisted of Community Health Center officers, staff of health office and social office, disability communities, and patients with disability. The results showed that the number of physiotherapist was insufficient, the budget for supplementary feeding and therapy equipment was insufficient, disability-friendly infrastructures in several community health centers still need repairment.
Career Maturity for Deaf Children: Obstacles And Solutions
Authors: Winarti Weni , Aprilia Imas Diana
Published: December 2021

This research was conducted at SMK Garut Regency on Deaf children who have difficulties in making decisions about careers at school and post-school careers. The decision to choose student majors is currently based on the strong will of parents, besides that teacher are less able to provide alternatives to the choice of majors they are interested in and are not based on the results of the assessment of talents and interests. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to see the obstacles of students in achieving career maturity based on the results of the needs analysis. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The participants of this study were Deaf children that had an impact on language skills and cognitive abilities in interpreting information, other subjects were classroom teachers, subject teachers, and special education teachers closest to the student's environment. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation studies, and data analysis techniques used data triangulation. The results of this study indicate that the obstacles for students in making career decisions are caused by the impact of their deafness so that they are hampered by expressive and receptive communication skills that do not support them to ask questions so that they only get information from outside and find it difficult to interpret the information they get. The encouragement and prestige of parents and friends are other obstacles in determining student decisions that are not following their interests and talents. Another obstacle is that teachers have not specifically assessed the interest in talent for student careers before entering school to date. Based on these findings, a solution to determine the level of career maturity of students at this time requires an assessment of interests and talents which can then be used by teachers or parents in making transition programs in which focus is on developing soft skills for children in terms of making appropriate career decisions.
La reconfiguración de la industria frigorífica en Uruguay, 1980-2015
Authors: Rey María José
Published: December 2021

Durante las últimas décadas, la industria frigorífica uruguaya ha experimentado dos reconversiones que abarcaron la ampliación del parque industrial, sustantivas transformaciones en el equipamiento de las plantas, menores cambios en su localización geográfica y la llegada de nuevos actores con nuevas estrategias empresariales. En este trabajo se identifican las principales transformaciones estructurales registradas entre 1980 y 2015 y se efectúa un análisis en términos del desempeño productivo. Los resultados de la investigación sugieren que hacia finales del período de estudio el núcleo duro de la industria frigorífica incluía gran parte del elenco que protagonizó la primera reconversión. No obstante, esta tiene mayor capacidad instalada y nuevas tecnologías, es propiedad mayoritariamente de capitales extranjeros y, en algunos casos, opera de forma fusionada.
The Drag Forces on a Taylor Bubble Rising Steadily in Vertical Pipes
Authors:   Department of Nuclear Engineering Technology , Augusta Technical College , Augusta, GA, 30906, USA, Kendoush Abdullah Abbas
Published: December 2021

By the adoption of a drag-buoyancy equality model, analytical solutions were obtained for the drag coefficients (CD) of Taylor bubbles rising steadily in pipes. The obtained solutions were functions of the geometry of the Taylor bubble and the gas volume fraction. The solutions were applicable at a wide range of Capillary numbers. The solution was validated by comparison with experimental data of other investigators. All derived drag formulas were subject to the condition that Bond number >4, for air-water systems.
Expectations of Health Researchers From Academic Social Network Sites: Qualitative Study
Authors: Dehghani Mohammad , Kahouei Mehdi , Akhondzadeh Shahin , Mesgarpour Bita , Ferdousi Reza
Published: December 2021

Background

Today, academic social network sites' role in improving the quality of education and how investigators conduct their research has become more critical.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate Iranian health researchers' requirements for academic social network sites from a low-income country perspective.

Methods

This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was done in 2020. In this study, 23 researchers in the health system were selected by purposive sampling. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by MaxQDA-10 software and the content analysis method.

Results

We identified 2 categories of functional and technical characteristics in the study participants' expectations. Functional characteristics included facilitating communication and team activities, managing scientific publications, enhancing the process of conducting research, being informative, and sharing and trading laboratory materials and equipment. Technical characteristics of an academic social network include user management capabilities, high security and privacy, being user-friendly, and other technical features.

Conclusions

Health researchers emphasized 2 functional and technical characteristics required to meet academic social network sites' expectations.
Understanding the #longCOVID and #longhaulers Conversation on Twitter: Multimethod Study
Authors: Santarossa Sara , Rapp Ashley , Sardinas Saily , Hussein Janine , Ramirez Alex , Cassidy-Bushrow Andrea E , Cheng Philip , Yu Eunice
Published: December 2021

Background

The scientific community is just beginning to uncover the potential long-term effects of COVID-19, and one way to start gathering information is by examining the present discourse on the topic. The conversation about long COVID-19 on Twitter provides insight into related public perception and personal experiences.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the #longCOVID and #longhaulers conversations on Twitter by examining the combined effects of topic discussion and social network analysis for discovery on long COVID-19.

Methods

A multipronged approach was used to analyze data (N=2500 records from Twitter) about long COVID-19 and from people experiencing long COVID-19. A text analysis was performed by both human coders and Netlytic, a cloud-based text and social networks analyzer. The social network analysis generated Name and Chain networks that showed connections and interactions between Twitter users.

Results

Among the 2010 tweets about long COVID-19 and 490 tweets by COVID-19 long haulers, 30,923 and 7817 unique words were found, respectively. For both conversation types, “#longcovid” and “covid” were the most frequently mentioned words; however, through visually inspecting the data, words relevant to having long COVID-19 (ie, symptoms, fatigue, pain) were more prominent in tweets by COVID-19 long haulers. When discussing long COVID-19, the most prominent frames were “support” (1090/1931, 56.45%) and “research” (435/1931, 22.53%). In COVID-19 long haulers conversations, “symptoms” (297/483, 61.5%) and “building a community” (152/483, 31.5%) were the most prominent frames. The social network analysis revealed that for both tweets about long COVID-19 and tweets by COVID-19 long haulers, networks are highly decentralized, fragmented, and loosely connected.

Conclusions

This study provides a glimpse into the ways long COVID-19 is framed by social network users. Understanding these perspectives may help generate future patient-centered research questions.
Impacts of GlobalConsent, a Web-Based Social Norms Edutainment Program, on Sexually Violent Behavior and Bystander Behavior Among University Men in Vietnam: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Yount Kathryn M , Cheong Yuk Fai , Bergenfeld Irina , Trang Quach Thu , Sales Jessica M , Li Yiman , Minh Tran Hung
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Sexual violence against women is prevalent worldwide. Prevention programs that treat men as allies and integrate a bystander framework are emerging in lower income settings, but evidence of their effectiveness is conflicting.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to test the impact of GlobalConsent on sexually violent behavior and prosocial bystander behavior among university men in Vietnam.

METHODS

We used a double-blind, parallel intervention versus control group design with 1:1 randomization at 2 universities. A total of 793 consenting heterosexual or bisexual men aged 18-24 years who matriculated in September 2019 were enrolled and assigned randomly to GlobalConsent or an attention-control adolescent health education (AHEAD) program. GlobalConsent is an adapted, theory-based, 6-module web-based intervention with diverse behavior change techniques and a locally produced serial drama. AHEAD is a customized, 6-module attention-control program on adolescent health. Both the programs were delivered to computers and smartphones over 12 weeks. Self-reported sexually violent behaviors toward women in the prior 6 months and prosocial bystander behaviors in the prior year were measured at 0, 6, and 12 months.

RESULTS

More than 92.7% (735/793) of men in both study arms completed at least 1 program module, and >90.2% (715/793) of men completed all 6 modules. At baseline, a notable percentage of men reported any sexually violent behavior (GlobalConsent: 123/396, 31.1%; AHEAD: 103/397, 25.9%) in the prior 6 months. Among men receiving GlobalConsent, the odds of reporting a high level (at least 2 acts) of sexually violent behavior at the endline were 1.3 times the odds at baseline. Among men receiving AHEAD, the corresponding odds ratio was higher at 2.7. The odds of reporting any bystander behavior at endline were 0.7 times the odds at baseline for GlobalConsent, and the corresponding odds ratio for AHEAD was lower at 0.5.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with a health attention-control condition, GlobalConsent has sustained favorable impacts on sexually violent behavior and prosocial bystander behavior among matriculating university men in Vietnam, who would otherwise face increasing risks of sexually violent behavior. GlobalConsent shows promise for national scale-up and regional adaptations.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04147455; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04147455

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s12889-020-09454-2
A(pp)ceptance: Increasing physicians’ acceptance for chronic pain apps (Preprint)
Authors: Hein Hauke Jeldrik , Glombiewski Julia Anna , Rief Winfried , Riecke Jenny
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Chronic pain is one of the most costly and widespread medical conditions in the world. Despite effective forms of treatment, there is an urgent need to optimize therapies. Studies on the effectiveness of health apps for chronic pain patients are increasing and show promising results as a treatment adjunct or stand-alone treatment. Nevertheless, physicians’ acceptance of electronic health interventions has been somewhat reluctant, resulting in low prescription rates of health apps.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of our study was to determine and enhance physicians’ acceptance, performance expectancy and credibility of health apps for chronic pain patients. We further investigated predictors of acceptance.

METHODS

In a repeated measures design, 248 physicians were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (short educational video about health apps) or a control group (short video about chronic pain). Primary outcome measure was acceptance. Performance expectancy and the credibility of health apps were secondary outcomes. In addition, we assessed 101 medical students to evaluate the effectiveness of the video intervention in young professionals.

RESULTS

In general, physicians' acceptance of health apps for chronic pain patients was moderate (M=9.51, SD=3.53, scale ranges from 3-15). All primary and secondary outcomes were enhanced by the video intervention: A repeated-measures ANOVA yielded a significant interaction effect for acceptance (F(1, 246)=15.28, P=.01), performance expectancy (F(1, 246)=6.10, P=.01) and credibility (F(1, 246)=25.61, P<.001). The same pattern of results was evident among medical students.
Linear regression analysis revealed credibility (β=.34, P<.001) and performance expectancy (β .30, P<.001) as the two strongest factors influencing acceptance, followed by skepticism (β=-.18, P<.001) and intuitive appeal (β=.11, P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Physicians’ acceptance of health apps was moderate, and was strengthened by a three minutes video. Besides performance expectancy, credibility seems to be a promising factor associated with acceptance. Future research should focus on ways to implement acceptability-increasing interventions into routine care.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/x693r
Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/X693R