bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oliefera) UNTUK MENURUNKAN INFESTASI EKTOPARASIT Tricodina sp. PADA IKAN NILA (Oreocromis sp)
Authors: Herlina Sri , Augusta Tania Serezova
Published: November 2023

Parasit Tricodina sp. adalah jenis parasit yang menginfeksi nila dan menempel pada kulit. Parasit ini menyebabkan kerusakan pada organ tubuh dan terganggunya pertumbuhan serta menurunkan sistem pertahanan tubuh ikan nila. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengobati serangan parasit Tricodina sp. yaitu menggunakan bahan alami seperti ekstrak daun kelor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun kelor terhadap kelangsungan hidupan dan penurunan infestasi parasit Tricodina sp. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Dosis ekstrak daun kelor yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah A (3 ml/L), B (5 ml/L), dan C (8 ml/L). Ikan nila yang digunakan sebanyak 45 ekor, dan dipelihara dalam 9 akuarium dengan kepadatan 5 ekor/akuarium. Rata-rata kelulus hidupan nila merah yaitu 88,87 (perlakuan A), 76,45 (perlakuan B ), 66,65 (perlakuan C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi Tricodina sp. menurun karena perendaman ekstrak daun kelor, ikan nila menujukkan respon pasif dan pasca perendaman dari ekstrak daun kelor tidak memiliki pengaruh yang nyata (P0,05) terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup nila yang terinfeksi Tricodian sp. namun ekstrak daun kelor menyebabkan tingkat kelangsungan hidupan tinggi pada ikan nila yang terinfeksi.
A study of welfare issue of commercial dairy farms owners and employees in Chittagong
Authors: Sultana S. , Imam T. , Begum M.R. , Rahman A. , Islam SKMA
Published: November 2023

Commercial dairy farming is becoming popular in Bangladesh to fill up the demand of milk and generation of employment opportunity. The aim of the present study was to study the socioeconomic status of the farm owners and employees of commercial dairy farm in Chittagong. A cross sectional study was carried out for a period of 10 months in urban (Chittagong City Area), peri-urban (Sikolbaha) and rural areas (Potiya, Anwara, Banskhali and Mirsharai) through a limited test questionnaire survey followed by final survey with a structured questionnaire. A total of 332 dairy farms were surveyed to observe economic status of employees and socioeconomic status of owners. Monthly salary of dairy farm employees was recorded between BDT (Bangladeshi taka) 2000 and 8000. Of the recorded, 97% dairy farm owner had provided residence to their employees free of cost and 6% employees suffered from back or joint pain. Among the studied farms, 31% owners had secondary level of education, 58% owners had tin shed building, 91% farm owners were Muslim and 80% owners were male and owned 2.29 acres of land/farm on an average. The highest number of farmers (45%) has only 1 earning person and 58.49% farm owners had tin shed building. The average income from livestock farming was almost TK. 689,059. The present study revealed that educated farmers are being involved with the commercial dairy farming creates self employment facilities along with generation of employment opportunities for others.
Effects of chelated iron and zinc supplementation on egg quality of laying hens
Authors: K.N Sharmin , M. A Taleb, , M.S , Morshed, , K.M , Kamaruddin, , Bin Quader M. F.
Published: November 2023

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of supplemented iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) on egg quality. A total of two thousand commercial layer chickens aged at 70 weeks were selected from a layer farm of Patia sadar upazilla (sub-district) of Chittagong district. One thousand layers were assigned randomly to each treatment and control group. Treatment group fed with controlled diets with supplemented trace mineral named 'Poultry TMO' that contains Mintrex Zinc 32 ppm and Glytrex Fe 5 ppm, at the dose of one gm/kg feed. After nine weeks, twelve freshly laid eggs were collected randomly from each group. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and analytical graded reagent were used for analyzing the iron and zinc content of these eggs. The mean value of iron (mg/100gm of egg yolk) of the eggs of dietary treatment group was higher than the control group (2.01 vs. 1.442, p <0.001). The mean value of zinc (mg/100gm of egg yolk) of treatment group was also higher (P<0.05) than the control (0.458 vs.0.391. The mean weight of egg yolk was not significantly different between two groups (14.66 gm vs. 14.61g. The finding indicates that supplementation of zinc and iron in laying chicken could be helpful to increase the zinc and iron level in eggs.
A l’entorn del model de llengua de «Canigó» i els plantejaments lingüístics de Jacint Verdaguer
Authors: Santanach i Suñol Joan
Published: November 2023

Jacint Verdaguer treballava extraordinàriament les seves obres, tant des del punt de vista literari com lingüístic. N’hem conservat nombrosos autògrafs, amb versions en procés dels seus poemes. També ens consta que hi introduïa esmenes durant el procés d’impressió. A final de 1885 va fer arribar proves de Canigó a diverses personalitats. Hem conservat alguns dels comentaris i propostes de correcció que li va adreçar l’acadèmic i filòleg Josep Balari i Jovany. Són esmenes que cal relacionar amb el model de català acadèmic que Verdaguer buscava per a l’obra, atent a les raons filològiques i etimològiques, i també a la llengua dels clàssics que el precedien, medievals i moderns. De l’anàlisi dels canvis i les esmenes se n’extreuen algunes conclusions sobre el registre escrit que hi va usar, no sempre coincident amb el català parlat per Verdaguer, i igualment útils a l’hora d’establir-ne el text crític.
L’aportació d’Anna de Valldaura al llegendari català
Authors: Samper Prunera Emili
Published: November 2023

A mitjan segle XIX té lloc a Catalunya un programa de reelaboració de formes i temes de la cançó i la narrativa populars que acosta aquests gèneres a un públic més ampli i no estrictament erudit. En aquest moviment, vertebrat al voltant de la Renaixença, hi trobem el nom de la folklorista Joaquima Santamaria i Ventura. Sota el pseudònim d’Anna de Valldaura publica les Tradicions religioses de Catalunya, un recull de llegendes literaturitzades a partir de fonts orals que tracten temes religiosos i que apareixen a la premsa de l’època i en diferents edicions. L’objectiu d’aquest article és estudiar i valorar les contribucions fetes per aquesta escriptora a partir de l’establiment del corpus de relats publicats, la relació entre les diferents edicions (o llibres) i la seva classificació.
Els personatges femenins en les narracions populars sobre ràtzies de pirates: entre la por i el coratge
Authors: Valriu Llinàs Caterina
Published: November 2023

Al llarg dels segles, els pirates i corsaris assolaren el mar Mediterrani i les seves riberes. A les illes Balears sovint arribaven naus plenes d’homes armats disposats a robar béns i raptar persones per vendre-les com a esclaves o per les quals demanar un rescat. Els illencs hagueren de desenvolupar sistemes de vigilància i protecció. En un entorn eminentment masculí, les dones també eren víctimes d’atacs i raptes. L’article revisa les narracions populars que tracten aquest tema i fa atenció al paper que hi desenvolupen les dones. S’estructura en tres parts: les dones que es defensen, les dones que són raptades i les peripècies de l’esclavitud centrades en les estratègies per sobreviure, aconseguir alliberar-se i retornar a les illes. La conclusió és que les dones tenen un paper força actiu en aquests relats, que mostren el seu valor i la capacitat de reacció davant l’hostilitat, i que generalment supleixen la manca de força o d’armes amb imaginació, destresa i coratge que les permet vèncer l’adversitat.
Josep Lluís Martos, «El primer cancionero impreso y un pliego poético incunable», Madrid / Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana / Vervuert, 2023, 332 p.
Authors: Mahiques-Climent Joan
Published: November 2023

Ressenya sobre el llibre de Josep Lluís Martos, El primer cancionero impreso y un pliego poético incunable, Madrid / Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana / Vervuert, 2023, 332 p., ISBN 978-84-9192-332-9, «Medievalia Hispanica», vol. 37.
Machine learning in molecular simulations of biomolecules
Authors: Guan Xing-Yue , Huang Heng-Yan , Peng Hua-Qi , Liu Yan-Hang , Li Wen-Fei , Wang Wei ,   School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China,   Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
Published: November 2023

Molecular simulation has already become a powerful tool for studying life principles at a molecular level. The past 50-year researches show that molecular simulation has been able to quantitatively characterize the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of complex molecular processes, such as protein folding and conformational changes. In recent years, the application of machine learning algorithms represented by deep learning has further promoted the development of molecular simulation. This work reviews machine learning methods in biomolecular simulation, focusing on the important progress made by machine learning algorithms in improving the accuracy of molecular force fields, the efficiency of molecular simulation conformation sampling, and also the processing of high-dimensional simulation data. The future researches to further overcome the bottleneck of accuracy and efficiency of molecular simulation, expand the scope of molecular simulation, and realize the integration of computational simulation and experimental based on machine learning technique is prospected.
Miniaturized electronically controlled notched band filter based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Sun Shu-Peng , Cheng Yong-Zhi , Luo Hui , Chen Fu , Yang Ling-Ling , Li Xiang-Cheng ,   School of Information Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China,   State Key Laboratory of Refractory Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China,   School of Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Software Engineering Vocational College, Wuhan 430205, China,   Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a novel miniaturized electronical controlled notch band filter based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) with inverted “山”-shaped unit is designed and experimentally demonstrated. The notch band filter is mainly composed of four parts: microstrip transmission line, transition structure, inverted “山”-shaped SSPPs, and split ring resonator (SRR) structure, and a varactor diode is embedded in the slit notch of the SRR structure to realize electronic control. Comparing with the traditional SSPP unit with the same lateral size, the dispersion curve of the proposed inverted “山”-shaped unit shows better slow wave characteristics, and the asymptotic frequency is reduced to 55%. The frequency of the notch band can be dynamically controlled by adjusting the external bias voltage at both ends of the varactor diode. As the external bias voltage increases from 0.5 V to 30 V, the notch band frequency can be changed from 2.1 GHz to 2.3 GHz and achieve easily electronic regulation. The simulation results show that the notched band filter achieves low insertion loss (S21 < –1 dB) and great return loss (S11 > –10 dB) in the pass band, which has the advantage of miniaturization with the size only 0.78λg × 0.35λg. It is worth noting that when the equivalent capacitance of the slit notch is changed, the transmission coefficient of the notched band is always less than –15 dB, showing superior band-stop performance. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the electric field distribution of notch band filter, the transmission mechanism of microwave signal is further verified. In order to verify the its effectiveness, the traditional printed circuit board technology is used to fabricate notch band filter. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation ones, verifying the feasibility of the design. The electronically controlled notch band filter has higher integration and can effectively suppress the interference frequency band.
LiNbO3 acousto-optically Q-switched pulse characteristics of Er:YAG laser at 2.94 μm
Authors: Wang Tao-Ning , Jiang Ling-Ling , Cheng Ting-Qing , Wang Li , Jiang Hai-He ,   Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China,   University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Published: November 2023

The 2.94 μm nanosecond erbium laser is an important solid-state laser source in the wide-tuning mid-infrared laser and clinical medical research. In this work, a novel LiNbO3 acousto-optically Q-switched Er:YAG laser is developed, and the effects of different Q-switched delay times and output coupler’s reflectivities on the laser output pulse characteristics are investigated at a repetition frequency of 20 Hz. A concave-convex resonant cavity is designed to compensate for the thermal lens effect, and a single Q-switched pulse is obtained. The maximum pulse energy and minimum pulse duration are 34.68 mJ and 119.9 ns respectively, with corresponding peak power of 289.24 kW. Compared with the plane-plane cavity, the cavity proposed herein increases the output energy by 2.09 times. To our knowledge, this is the highest energy ever obtained in the acousto-optically Q-switched Er:YAG laser. This work provides a new means for further studying wide-tuning mid-infrared laser technology.
Folding into shape
Authors: de Vareilles Héloïse
Published: November 2023

A new computational tool provides insights into the structure of the cerebellum in mammals.
Recent and rapid reef recovery around Koh Phangan Island, Gulf of Thailand, driven by plate-like hard corals
Authors: Stahl Florian , Mezger Selma D. , Migani Valentina , Rohlfs Marko , Fahey Victoria J. , Schoenig Eike , Wild Christian
Published: November 2023

Mass bleaching events and local anthropogenic influences have changed the benthic communities of many coral reefs with pronounced spatial differences that are linked to resilience patterns. The Gulf of Thailand is an under-investigated region with only few existing datasets containing long-term developments of coral reef communities using the same method at fixed sites. We thus analyzed benthic community data from seven reefs surrounding the island of Koh Phangan collected between 2014 and 2022. Findings revealed that the average live hard coral cover around Koh Phangan increased from 37% to 55% over the observation period, while turf algae cover decreased from 52% to 29%, indicating some recovery of local reefs. This corresponds to a mean increased rate of coral cover by 2.2% per year. The increase in live hard coral cover was mainly driven by plate-like corals, which quadrupled in proportion over the last decade from 7% to 28% while branching corals decreased in proportion from 9% to 2%. Furthermore, the hard coral genus richness increased, indicating an increased hard coral diversity. While in other reefs, increasing live hard coral cover is often attributed to fast-growing, branching coral species, considered more susceptible to bleaching and other disturbances, the reefs around Koh Phangan recovered mainlyviagrowth of plate-like corals, particularly of the genusMontipora. Although plate-like morphologies are not necessarily more bleaching tolerant, they are important for supporting reef fish abundance and structural complexity on reefs, aiding reef recovery and sturdiness. Hence, our findings indicate that the intensity of local stressors around Kho Phangan allows reef recovery driven by some hard coral species.
Autoconstrucción e (inter)subjetividad política. Prácticas y semánticas en las periferias del Gran Santiago
Authors: Pérez Miguel , Araos Consuelo
Published: November 2023

En los últimos años, la informalidad habitacional ha resurgido en las principales ciudades de Chile, en cuyas periferias se ha incrementado considerablemente el número de familias residentes en campamentos (asentamientos irregulares). A partir del análisis de fuentes documentales y de entrevistas, en este artículo estudiamos uno de los aspectos más sobresalientes de la informalidad habitacional: la autoconstrucción. Frente al énfasis predominante de la literatura en los objetos producidos por la autoconstrucción, proponemos potenciar un enfoque que busca comprender las formas de subjetividad e intersubjetividad que emergen en el autoconstruir. Concluimos que la autoconstrucción no es solo un medio para resolver las necesidades habitacionales de los pobres, sino también un modo de agencia urbana que propicia la emergencia de dos fenómenos concurrentes: por un lado, la aparición de subjetividades políticas entre las clases populares; y, por otro, la constitución de formas situadas de reconocimiento intersubjetivo entre autoconstructores.
Growth, survival, and morphometric relationships of Crassostrea corteziensis cultivated during the nursery stage in oyster bags at different tidal levels, in Boca de Camichín, Nayarit, Mexico
Authors: Maeda-Martínez Alfonso N , García-Murillo Avicenia G , Espinosa-Chaurand Daniel , Garza-Torres Rodolfo , García-Morales Ricardo
Published: November 2023

The optimal tide height at which the intertidal oyster bed system (IOBS) should be installed to cultivate Crassostrea corteziensis in Boca de Camichín (BC), Nayarit, Mexico, during the intermediate grow-out stage (39.3–60.2 mm in shell length) was determined. Temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a (Chla), and turbidity were recorded 3 times a day. A trophic state index (TSI) was calculated with Chla and turbidity data. Three treatments corresponding to tide levels were tested: (1) high level (14 cm above mean sea level [MSL], emersion time [ET] = 56.4% of the total duration of the experiment), (2) intermediate level (MSL, ET = 48.6%), and (3) low level (41 cm below MSL, ET = 32.1%). Gross growth rates and absolute and relative monthly growth rates were calculated to identify periods with highest growth relative to environmental conditions. Finally, the effect of the treatments on the dimensions and weight of the oysters was studied. The results indicate that BC water was mesotrophic in April–June and eutrophic in July–August. The low tide level was the best for IOBS operation, with growth rates of 0.15, 0.10, and 0.07 mm·d–1 in shell length, width, and thickness, respectively, and 0.204 g·d–1 wet weight. Cumulative mortality was lower in the low (18.5%) and intermediate (16.4%) treatments. Shell thickness was significant reduced (P < 0.05) in the high treatment and total wet weight was reduced in the high and intermediate treatments. The results of this study offer a viable and different alternative to the cultivation of C. corteziensis in strings that is currently carried out in Boca de Camichín, Nayarit, Mexico.
Perceptions of B.Ed Faculty Members on the Course 'Understanding the Disciplines and Academic Subjects' Offered in Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University
Authors: Padmini S. , Ramani Pramila
Published: November 2023

The main goal of teacher education programs, like the Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.), is to develop a deep understanding of different disciplines and academic subjects. To become effective teachers, a broad knowledge of various academic disciplines and subjects is crucial for students pursuing a Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) degree. The course 'Understanding the Disciplines and Academic Subjects' is primarily offered in the B.Ed program for this purpose. This study examines faculty members' perceptions of a specific course and their challenges when teaching sub-topics. Research Question: What is the perception of B.Ed faculty members at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University regarding the course 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' in the B.Ed programme? What are the perceptions of B.Ed faculty members at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University regarding the sub-topics of the course 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' in the B.Ed programme? Research objectives: This study aims to investigate the perceptions of B.Ed faculty members regarding the course "Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects" in the B.Ed program at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University. The study population consisted of Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University faculty members who taught in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu in 2023. In the Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu, 30 colleges offer B.Ed programmes. These colleges employ approximately 420 faculty members. Study Sample: The researchers chose 42 faculty members who were teaching B.Ed. at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu in 2023. The study employed cluster sampling as the sampling technique. A random sample of five out of thirty colleges was chosen, and all faculty members teaching in these colleges were included in the investigation. Hypothesis: The perceptions of B.Ed. faculty members regarding the importance of learning the subject 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' exhibit a slight difference. The study's findings will assist educators in developing pedagogical strategies and adapting the teaching-learning process to enhance course comprehension.
Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity of Aqueous Extract of Roots of Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. in Mice and Rats Respectively
Authors: Folarin Rachael O. , Omirinde Jamiu O. , Gilbert Taidinda T. , Igbeneghu Christopher
Published: November 2023

Aim: Khaya senegalensis is one of the key medicinal plants used discretionarily in traditional medicine as remedies to several health conditions. This study aimed to establish the safety of Khaya senegalensis root aqueous extract in experimental animals with the purpose of optimizing its therapeutic value. 

Methodology: A total of 74 animals (20 rats and 54 mice) were randomly assigned into two main groups based on toxicity plan; acute and sub-chronic toxicity. Mice were divided into 9 groups (6 per group) for the acute toxicity study while rats were divided into 4 groups (5 per group) for sub-chronic toxicity assessment. 

Results: The acute concentrations of the extract in mice induced dose-dependent clinical signs severities such as: twitching, increase rate of respiration, sedation, abdominal muscle contractions and increased motor activity. The lethal dose 50 value of the extract was estimated as 320mg/ kg body. The sub-chronic concentrated grades in the rats especially the higher doses elicited significantly increased serum liver enzymes values when compared to the control, while at low dose the values were comparable to that of the control. Also observed were the evidences of renal cellular pathology ranging from mild to severe tubular cell degeneration, tubular cell depletion and congestion of the renal cortex. The liver pathologies such as hepatic portal congestion, cytoplasmic vacuolations and nuclear degeneration were strikingly visible mostly at the higher doses. The lymphocyte and platelet counts were the only haematological parameters that increased significantly more particularly at low dose when compared with the control.

Conclusion: This study has shown that Khaya senegalensis seems to be safe only at low doses. However, caution should be taking in its administration for therapeutic purposes especially when long-term usage is desired.
A Comprehensive Review of Application of RS, GIS and GPS in Agriculture India
Authors: Bajaj Sakshi , Mishra Shrankhla , Chouhan Deepak , Bora S. S. , Parashar Swati , Bargi Uma Shankar , Billore Vaishalee
Published: November 2023

Food and fibre, two of humanity's most fundamental requirements, are met by agriculture. In the last century, new farming methods have been introduced, such as the Green Revolution, which has enabled agriculture to keep up with the increasing demand for food and other agricultural goods. But population growth, rising income levels, and increased food demand will probably put more stress on the planet's natural resources. As the detrimental effects of agriculture on the environment become more widely acknowledged, new methods and strategies need to be able to meet future food needs while preserving or lessening the environmental footprint of agriculture. Informed management decisions aiming at increasing crop production could be made with the help of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), big data analysis, and geospatial technology. Many scientists, engineers, agronomists, and researchers use a variety of technologies each year to boost agricultural output while minimising pollution, yet these efforts have a negative environmental impact. Precision agriculture examines how technology might be applied to enhance agricultural practises relative to traditional methods while minimising negative environmental effects. Precision agriculture greatly benefits from the deployment of remote sensing technologies, which also presents new chances to enhance agricultural practises. Geographically, latitude and longitude data can be recorded for field data (slope, aspect, nutrients, and yield) using the global positioning system (GPS). Because of its ability to continuously determine and record the right position, it can build a larger database for the user. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which can handle and store these data, are needed for the additional analysis. This review will offer you an overview of Remote Sensing technology, GPS, and GIS, and how it might be used for precision agriculture.
Comparative Evaluation of Developed Onion Stem and Root Cutter CumSorting Machine with Manual Cutting Method
Authors: Lal Kanhaiya , Naik R. K. , Tuteja H. S.
Published: November 2023

In India, manual cutting of onion stem and root is still a practice. This is very labour intensive, drudgery prone and time consuming operation. For this reason, an onion stem and root cutter cum sorting machine that can be easily adapted in farmer’s field was developed. In this study, comparative evaluation and analysis of a developed onion stem and root cutter cum sorting machine with manual cutting method was performed. Major objective was to assess the performance, labor requirements and economic benefits of using the onion stem and root cutter over the manual cutting technique. The developed onion stem and root cutter cum sorting machine was designed to efficiently stem and root cut and separate grade onion bulbs from the onion crop with minimizing damage. The study was conducted in an onion field, comparing the cutter performance with the manual cutting method commonly employed in the region. The cost of the machine is found as 61190.00 Rs. with breakeven point was calculated as 139.79 h/year and payback period was found to be 3.38years taking profit as 20%. The newly developed machine saves 70.37% cost and 92.59% labour as compared to traditional sickle and 46.07 % cost and 82.60 % labour as compared to battery operated onion stem and root cutter at desired stem length.
Evaluation of Serum Leptin Levels and Some Anthropometric Parameters among Women of Reproductive Age in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Waribo Helen A. , Igoh Matthias H. , Ibama Onengiyeofori , Elechi-Amadi Kemzi N. , Bartimaeus Ebirien-Agana S.
Published: November 2023

Aim: To evaluate and correlate the levels of leptin levels and some anthropometric parameters among women of reproductive age in Port Harcourt.

Study Design: The population of women of reproductive age in Port Harcourt Local Government Area was sampled. The subjects were selected using simple random technique.

Methodology: The study involved 150 subjects, who were within the age bracket of 20 and 60 years, who had given their informed consent to participate in this study, and were without chronic condition or undergoing any medical treatment or procedure. The anthropometric parameters, such as body mass index (BMI), Waist-to-Hip ratio (WHR) were obtained using appropriate techniques. Three milliliters (3ml) of venous blood was collected into plain bottles for the assay of leptin (using ELISA technique).

Results: The mean values of the BMI and WHR were 28.72 ± 10.31kg/m2 and 0.83 ± 0.22 respectively. These were above the reference ranges. Leptin (3.56 ± 0.93ng/ml) was within the reference range.The results also show that the BMI and WHR correlated positively with the leptin levels. Also, BMI,WHR and leptin values increased with age.

Conclusion: There was positive correlation between leptin levels and all the anthropometric parameters showing that there might be a tendency of the population under study to be over weighted and obese. It is recommended that these parameters be monitored in women of reproductive age as part of the assessment of their health status.
MULTI OBJECTIVE MODEL FOR BALANCING U-TYPE ASSEMBLY LINE WITH PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY WORKERS
Authors: Widyadana Gede Agus
Published: November 2023

Assembly line balancing is one of the most important management decisions for reducing production costs. So far, many researches have been done in this area. In this research, we expand the U-type line-balancing using goal programming for multi objective model with two goals, i.e., minimized the number of temporary workers and number of cycle time in each station. Additionally, an example to illustrate the model, as well as some analyses is presented. Different amount of time for temporary worker to accomplish their tasks were generated. For some cases, the U-type assembly line is more efficient than the straight one. However, the goal 1 and goal 2 are conflicted
Model Penjadwalan Batch Multi Item dengan Dependent Processing Time
Authors: Sukoyo Sukoyo , Samadhi TMA Ari , P. Iskandar Bermawi , Halim Abdul Hakim
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates a development of single machine batch scheduling for multi items with dependent processing time. The batch scheduling problem is to determine simultaneously number of batch (N), which item and its size allocated for each batch, and processing sequences of resulting batches. We use total actual flow time as the objective of schedule performance. The multi item batch scheduling problem could be formulated into a biner-integer nonlinear programming model because the number of batch should be in integer value, the allocation of items to resulting batch need binary values, and also there are some non-linearity on objective function and constraint due to the dependent processing time. By applying relaxation on the decision variable of number of batch (N) as parameter, a heuristic procedure could be applied to find solution of the single machine batch scheduling problem for multi items.
PENINGKATAN JAMINAN KUALITAS ASSEMBLY LINE (Studi Kasus di Industri Otomotif)
Authors: Junaidi Halim , Santoso Arigraha , Sutapa I Nyoman , Rahardjo Jani
Published: November 2023

The paper presents the improvement of quality assurance at an automotive industry which produces multi-purpose vehicle. Their multi-purpose vehicle is a global product, which means that it should concern not only domestic market demand but also international market demand and specification. Thus to maintain customer satisfaction on product quality, one of the efforts can be done to improve quality assurance level is by implementing Quality Assurance Network activity.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Artikel ini membahas peningkatan jaminan kualitas assembly line di industri otomotif yang memproduksi kendaraan niaga. Kendaraan ini adalah produk yang bertaraf global, artinya kendaraan niaga yang harus mampu memenuhi bukan hanya permintaan pasar domestik melainkan juga spesifikasi dan permintaan pasar mancanegara. Oleh sebab itu untuk tetap dapat mempertahankan kepuasan konsumen terhadap kualitas produk, salah satu upaya yang dapat digunakan meningkatkan jaminan kualitas perusahaan adalah dengan mengimplementasikan aktivitas quality assurance network.

Kata kunci: jaminan kualitas, aktivitas quality assurance network.
PERUMUSAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN MELALUI PENENTUAN PRIORITAS TRAPEZOIDAL FUZZY NUMBER (Studi Kasus Industri Minuman Tradisional)
Authors: Nurhasanah Nunung
Published: November 2023

The competition in industries is increasing rapidly. This, in turn, encourages companies to define their marketing strategies appropriately. PT. X is a small-to-medium scale company which produces traditional beverage as its main product. The main problem in PT. X is the limited budget for expanding its business and for applying its marketing strategies. At the moment, the market growth is about 16,67% ,while the market relative to the competitor is about 0,07. Boston Consulting Group matrix says that this company is in a Question Mark position. Beside, according to 7 experts there are 13 strategy variations for defining the priorities. Using the Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number, we found three strategies that meaningful to be applied in this company. First by adding the new market with product diversification (72,72), second by partnering investment (71,50), and the last by breakingthrough the existing market (70,93). The first strategy is applied by defining the variation of the products packaging and creating the product's diversification. The second one is applied by proactively, searching the information about investors, who are willing to be its partners. The last one is applied by assuring the quality and avaluibilty of the products to the customers.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Persaingan di dunia industri semakin ketat seiring dengan terus meningkatnya laju pertumbuhan industri. Persaingan ini mengakibatkan setiap industri lebih jeli dalam merumuskan strategi pemasaran perusahaannya. PT. X merupakan industri minuman tradisional yang berada pada skala Industri Kecil Menengah. Permasalahan utama industri ini adalah terbatasnya dana untuk mengembangkan usaha dan menjalankan kegiatan pemasaran. Saat ini pertumbuhan pasar industri sebesar 16,67%, sedangkan pangsa pasar relatif terhadap pesaing utama adalah 0,07. Matriks Boston Consulting Group menyatakan bahwa perusahaan berada pada posisi tanda tanya. Terdapat 13 variasi yang ditawarkan untuk menentukan prioritas kepentingannya oleh 7 orang pakar. Sebanyak 3 strategi terpilih melalui Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number, yaitu menambah pasar baru melalui pengembangan produk baru (72,72), bermitra dalam investasi (71,50) dan menerobos pasar yang ada (70,93). Strategi pertama dirumuskan dengan mengembangkan variasi kemasan dan variasi produk. Strategi kedua dirumuskan dengan sikap proaktif perusahaan dalam mencari informasi mengenai investor untuk menjalin kerjasama dalam bidang investasi dengan perusahaannya. Strategi ketiga dirumuskan dengan sikap dan komitmen perusahaan untuk menjamin ketersediaan produk dan menjaga kualitas produk.

Kata kunci: industri minuman tradisional, matriks boston consulting group, trapezoidal fuzzy number, strategi pemasaran.
THE EFFECT OF DECOMPOSITION METHOD AS DATA PREPROCESSING ON NEURAL NETWORKS MODEL FOR FORECASTING TREND AND SEASONAL TIME SERIES
Authors: Subanar Subanar , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: November 2023

Recently, one of the central topics for the neural networks (NN) community is the issue of data preprocessing on the use of NN. In this paper, we will investigate this topic particularly on the effect of Decomposition method as data processing and the use of NN for modeling effectively time series with both trend and seasonal patterns. Limited empirical studies on seasonal time series forecasting with neural networks show that some find neural networks are able to model seasonality directly and prior deseasonalization is not necessary, and others conclude just the opposite. In this research, we study particularly on the effectiveness of data preprocessing, including detrending and deseasonalization by applying Decomposition method on NN modeling and forecasting performance. We use two kinds of data, simulation and real data. Simulation data are examined on multiplicative of trend and seasonality patterns. The results are compared to those obtained from the classical time series model. Our result shows that a combination of detrending and deseasonalization by applying Decomposition method is the effective data preprocessing on the use of NN for forecasting trend and seasonal time series.
Assessing Early Atherosclerosis by Detecting and Imaging of Hypochlorous Acid and Phosphorylation Using Fluorescence Nanoprobe
Authors: Lu Jun , Li Zongying , Lu Mengmeng , Fan Nannan , Zhang Wei , Li Ping , Tang Yue , Yin Xia , Zhang Wen , Wang Hui , Tang Bo
Published: November 2023

The assessment of early atherosclerosis (AS) is of great significance for the early diagnosis and mechanism research. Herein, a novel nanoprobe PCN@FL is developed to realize the simultaneous detection and imaging of phosphorylation and hypochlorous acid (HClO). The selective recognition of HClO is achieved through the specific interaction between DMTC and HClO, while the levels of phosphorylation are detected via the specific interaction between Zr (IV) and phosphates. The nanoprobe can be utilized to monitor the fluctuations in HClO and phosphate in early atherosclerosis. It is observed that the levels of HClO and phosphate in the serum of early AS mice are higher than those of the normal mice. Ultimately, the levels of hypochlorous acid and phosphorylation in the inner wall of aortic vessels are imaged by two‐photon microscope. The results show that the levels of HClO and phosphorylation in the early atherosclerotic mice are significantly higher than those of in normal mice. The nanoprobe provides a suitable fluorescent tool for simultaneous detection and imaging of HClO and phosphorylation, which holds promise for early atherosclerotic disease assessment.
Microfluidic‐Assisted 3D Printing Zinc Powder Anode with 2D Conductive MOF/MXene Heterostructures for High‐Stable Zinc−Organic Battery
Authors: Lu Hongyu , Hu Jisong , Zhang Kaiqi , Zhao Jingxin , Deng Shenzhen , Li Yujie , Xu Bingang , Pang Huan
Published: November 2023

Zinc powder (Zn‐P) anodes have significant advantages in terms of universality and machinability compared with Zn foil anodes. However, their rough surface, which has a high surface area, intensifies the uncontrollable growth of Zn dendrites and parasitic side reactions. In this study, an anti‐corrosive Zn‐P‐based anode with a functional layer formed from a MXene and Cu‐THBQ (MXene/Cu‐THBQ) heterostructure is successfully fabricated via microfluidic‐assisted 3D printing. The unusual anti‐corrosive and strong adsorption of Zn ions using the MXene/Cu‐THBQ functional layer can effectively homogenize the Zn ion flux and inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during the repeated process of Zn plating/stripping, thus achieving stable Zn cycling. Consequently, a symmetric cell based on Zn‐P with the MXene/Cu‐THBQ anode exhibits a highly reversible cycling of 1800 h at 2 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, a Zn‐organic full battery matched with a 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl organic cathode riveted on graphene delivers a high reversible capacity and maintains a long cycle life.
Halide Substituted Ammonium Salt Optimized Buried Interface for Efficient and Stable Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: An Ziqi , Zhu Yanqing , Luo Gan , Hou Peiran , Hu Min , Li Wangnan , Huang Fuzhi , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Park Hyesung , Lu Jianfeng
Published: November 2023

Low‐temperature solution processing of the perovskite layer enables the fabrication of flexible devices. However, the performance of flexible perovskite solar cells (f‐PSCs) lags far behind their rigid counterpart in terms of efficiency and stability. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the quality of the buried interface between perovskite and transporting layer underneath is the key point. Herein, a class of novel halide substituted ammonium salts, i.e., n‐bromophenethylammonium (n‐Br‐PEAX, n = 2 or 4, X = Cl or Br) are designed and synthesized to modify the buried interface as well as the perovskite crystallization of f‐PSCs. It is found that the ammonium salt with rational design molecular structure can modify the crystallization speed of perovskite, leading to the formation of a compact and uniform morphology without nanovoids at the interface. As a result, the efficiency of f‐PSCs is improved from 15.4% to 20.2%. Moreover, the modified devices without encapsulation retain 86% of their initial performance after 1000 h of aging at ambient conditions and 87% after 290 h of continuous operation.
Highly two‐photon and X‐ray excited long‐persistent luminescence in a crystalline host‐guest aggregate
Authors: Zhang Qiang‐Sheng , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Zhuang Jia‐Yi , Pan Mei
Published: November 2023

As a unique type of supramolecular self‐assemblies, crystalline host‐guest aggregates have attracted extensive interests in multiple application fields. Herein, a crystalline host‐guest aggregate LIFM‐HG1 was obtained with curcubit[8]uril as the host and carboxypyridinium salt as the guest. Single‐crystal structural analysis indicates that the presence of abundant weak interactions in LIFM‐HG1 provides a rigid environment for the guest molecule and effectively blocks the external quenchers. Spectral analysis and theoretical calculations confirm the presence of robust triplet energy levels in LIFM‐HG1. Even more impressively, the intersystem crossing channels of the guest molecules are greatly opened up after the formation of the crystalline host‐guest aggregate, resulting in a large kisc of 6.70 × 107 s−1 at room temperature for LIFM‐HG1 (which is ∼0 for pure guest), leading to fascinating multichannel (including one‐photon, two‐photon, and X‐ray) excited LPL properties. In addition, the crystalline LIFM‐HG1 has a much higher triplet state luminescence efficiency under X‐ray and two‐photon excitation than that under single‐photon excitation (AP/AF = 86.8, 44.8, 10.7 under the three circumstances, respectively). And the phosphorescent emission intensity of LIFM‐HG1 is 27.6 times higher than that of the crystalline guest under X‐ray excitation. As a result, LIFM‐HG1 shows a long afterglow retention time under both single‐ and two‐photon excitation, and an impressive afterglow retention time of 1 s under X‐ray excitation. Furthermore, the excellent lysosomal targeting and low cytotoxicity by the formation of host‐guest aggregate makes LIFM‐HG1 promising to be used as a novel lysosomal‐targeted two‐photon excited phosphorescent tracer.
High‐efficiency Electroreduction of O2 into H2O2 over ZnCo Bimetallic Triazole Frameworks Promoted by Ligand Activation
Authors: Li Zi‐Meng , Zhang Chao‐Qi , Liu Chao , Zhang Hong‐Wei , Song Hao , Zhang Zhi‐Qiang , Wei Guang‐Feng , Bao Xiao‐Jun , Yu Cheng‐Zhong , Yuan Pei
Published: November 2023

Co‐based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrocatalysts for two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) are highly promising for H2O2 production, but suffer from the intrinsic activity‐selectivity trade‐off. Herein, we report a ZnCo bimetal‐triazole framework (ZnCo‐MTF) as high‐efficiency 2e− ORR electrocatalysts. The experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the coordination between 1,2,3‐triazole and Co increases the antibonding‐orbital occupancy on the Co−N bond, promoting the activation of Co center. Besides, the adjacent Zn−Co sites on 1,2,3‐triazole enable an asymmetric “side‐on” adsorption mode of O2, favoring the reduction of O2 molecules and desorption of OOH* intermediate. By virtue of the unique ligand effect, the ZnCo‐MTF exhibits a 2e− ORR selectivity of ≈100 %, onset potential of 0.614 V and H2O2 production rate of 5.55 mol gcat−1 h−1, superior to the state‐of‐the‐art zeolite imidazole frameworks. Our work paves the way for the design of 2e− ORR electrocatalysts with desirable coordination and electronic structure.
Optical Cavity Design and Functionality for Molecular Strong Coupling
Authors: Hirai Kenji , Andell Hutchison James , Uji‐i Hiroshi
Published: November 2023

Optical cavity/molecule strong coupling offers attractive opportunities to modulate photochemical or photophysical processes. When atoms or molecules are placed in an optical cavity, they can coherently exchange photonic energy with optical cavity vacuum fields, entering the strong coupling interaction regime. Recent work suggests that the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of molecules can be significantly changed by strong coupling, resulting in the emergence of intriguing photochemical and photophysical phenomena. As more and more physico‐chemical systems are studied under strong coupling conditions, optical cavities have also advanced in their sophistication, responsiveness, and (multi)functionality. In this review, we highlight some of these recent developments, particularly focusing on Fabry–Perot microcavities.
Synthesis of Waixenicin A: Exploring Strategies for Nine‐Membered Ring Formation
Authors: Steinborn Christian , Huber Tatjana , Lichtenegger Julian , Plangger Immanuel , Höfler Denis , Schnell Simon D. , Weisheit Lara , Mayer Peter , Wurst Klaus , Magauer Thomas
Published: November 2023

We present a comprehensive account on our efforts behind the recently published synthesis of waixenicin A. Our approach for constructing the dihydropyran ring relied on an Achmatowicz rearrangement. For the assembly of the nine‐membered ring, four distinct strategies were investigated. Our initial attempts using radical‐based addition/fragmentation reactions targeting the C7−C11 bond proved unsuitable for accessing the 6/9‐bicycle. By employing anionic fragmentation conditions at the furfuryl alcohol stage, we successfully reached a 5/9‐bicycle. However, subsequent ring‐expansion was unsuccessful. Alternative approaches, such as Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi or Heck reactions to connect the C6−C7 bond, also encountered difficulties, with no nine‐membered ring formation observed. Our first breakthrough came from our attempts to install the C5−C6 bond via an intramolecular alkylation. Surprisingly, subsequent functional group modifications proved unexpectedly challenging, necessitating a redesign of our synthetic route. Drawing from all our investigations, we concluded that construction of the C9−C10 bond would enable efficient nine‐membered ring alkylation and would facilitate the installation of the desired substitution pattern along the southern periphery. Exploration of this strategy yielded further surprises but ultimately led to the successful synthesis of waixenicin A and 9‐deacetoxy‐14,15‐deepoxyxeniculin. For the latter compound, a bioinspired one‐step rearrangement to xeniafauranol A was achieved.