bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telephone-supported computerised cognitive–behavioural therapy: REEACT-2 large-scale pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gilbody Simon , Brabyn Sally , Lovell Karina , Kessler David , Devlin Thomas , Smith Lucy , Araya Ricardo , Barkham Michael , Bower Peter , Cooper Cindy , Knowles Sarah , Littlewood Elizabeth , Richards David A. , Tallon Debbie , White David , Worthy Gillian ,   on behalf of the REEACT collaborative
Published: March 2017

Background

Computerised cognitive–behavioural therapy (cCBT) for depression has the potential to be efficient therapy but engagement is poor in primary care trials.

Aims

We tested the benefits of adding telephone support to cCBT.

Method

We compared telephone-facilitated cCBT (MoodGYM) (n = 187) to minimally supported cCBT (MoodGYM) (n = 182) in a pragmatic randomised trial (trial registration: ISRCTN55310481). Outcomes were depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD)-7) and somatoform complaints (PHQ-15) at 4 and 12 months.

Results

Use of cCBT increased by a factor of between 1.5 and 2 with telephone facilitation. At 4 months PHQ-9 scores were 1.9 points lower (95% CI 0.5–3.3) for telephone-supported cCBT. At 12 months, the results were no longer statistically significant (0.9 PHQ-9 points, 95% CI −0.5 to 2.3). There was improvement in anxiety scores and for somatic complaints.

Conclusions

Telephone facilitation of cCBT improves engagement and expedites depression improvement. The effect was small to moderate and comparable with other low-intensity psychological interventions.
A functional coupling between CRMP1 and Nav1.7 for retrograde propagation of Semaphorin3A signaling
Authors: Yamane Masayuki , Yamashita Naoya , Hida Tomonobu , Kamiya Yoshinori , Nakamura Fumio , Kolattukudy Pappachan , Goshima Yoshio
Published: March 2017

Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) is a secreted type of axon guidance molecule that regulates axon wiring through complexes of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) with PlexinA protein receptors. Sema3A regulates the dendritic branching through tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive retrograde axonal transport of PlexA proteins and tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) complex. We here demonstrate that Nav1.7 (encoded by SCN9A), a TTX-sensitive Na+ channel, by coupling with collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1), mediates the Sema3A-induced retrograde transport. In mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, Sema3A increased co-localization of PlexA4 and TrkA in the growth cones and axons. TTX treatment and RNAi knockdown of Nav1.7 sustained Sema3A-induced colocalized signals of PlexA4 and TrkA in growth cones and suppressed the subsequent localization of PlexA4 and TrkA in distal axons. A similar localization phenotype was observed in crmp1−/− DRG neurons. Sema3A induced colocalization of CRMP1 and Nav1.7 in the growth cones. The half maximal voltage was increased in crmp1−/− neurons when compared to that in wild type. In HEK293 cells, introduction of CRMP1 lowered the threshold of co-expressed exogenous Nav1.7. These results suggest that Nav1.7, by coupling with CRMP1, mediates the axonal retrograde signaling of Sema3A.
Engaging bioscientists in science communication: Evidence from an international survey
Authors: Boggio Andrea , Scita Giorgio , Sorrentino Carmen , Hemenway David , Ballabeni Andrea
Published: March 2017

Background: Exchanges between scientists and nonscientists are critical to realizing the social value of basic research. These exchanges rest in part on the willingness and ability of scientists to engage effectively in science communication activities. In this paper, we discuss the perception and willingness of basic scientists in the biological and biomedical fields to engage in science outreach. Methods: The analysis is based on qualitative data collected as part of a survey on the social value of basic research and is framed by the theory of planned behavior. This is a well-established theory of human behavior that relies on the premise that a person’s intention to engage in a behavior is the single best predictor of whether that person will in fact engage in that behavior. Results: Our data show that, while bioscientists maintain a positive attitude towards science communication, their intentions are influenced by some negative feelings with regard to how nonscientists react to science communication efforts. Interactions with institutional actors, governmental bodies and the public are particularly problematic. On the other hand, interactions with clinicians and patients are framed in positive terms. Finally, some study participants raised concerns as to their ability to communicate science effectively, the availability of time and resources, and the lack of proper rewards, particularly in terms of career advancement, for those who engage in science efforts. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that bioscientists' intentions to engage in science communication efforts must be better studied to develop empirically-informed interventions to increase scientists’ participation in science outreach efforts.
The impact factor of an open access journal does not contribute to an article’s citations
Authors: Chua SK , Qureshi Ahmad M , Krishnan Vijay , Pai Dinker R , Kamal Laila B , Gunasegaran Sharmilla , Afzal MZ , Ambawatta Lahiru , Gan JY , Kew PY , Winn Than , Sood Suneet
Published: March 2017

Background

Citations of papers are positively influenced by the journal’s impact factor (IF). For non-open access (non-OA) journals, this influence may be due to the fact that high-IF journals are more often purchased by libraries, and are therefore more often available to researchers, than low-IF journals. This positive influence has not, however, been shown specifically for papers published in open access (OA) journals, which are universally accessible, and do not need library purchase. It is therefore important to ascertain if the IF influences citations in OA journals too.

Methods

203 randomized controlled trials (102 OA and 101 non-OA) published in January 2011 were included in the study. Five-year citations for papers published in OA journals were compared to those for non-OA journals. Source papers were derived from PubMed. Citations were retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The Thompson-Reuter’s IF was used.

Results

OA journals were found to have significantly more citations overall compared to non-OA journals (median 15.5 vs 12, p=0.039). The IF did not correlate with citations for OA journals (Spearman’s rho =0.187, p=0.60). The increase in the citations with increasing IF was minimal for OA journals (beta coefficient = 3.346, 95% CI -0.464, 7.156, p=0.084). In contrast, the IF did show moderate correlation with citations for articles published in non-OA journals (Spearman’s rho=0.514, p<0.001). The increase in the number of citations was also significant (beta coefficient = 4.347, 95% CI 2.42, 6.274, p<0.001).

Conclusion

It is better to publish in an OA journal for more citations. It may not be worth paying high publishing fees for higher IF journals, because there is minimal gain in terms of increased number of citations. On the other hand, if one wishes to publish in a non-OA journal, it is better to choose one with a high IF.
dbVar structural variant cluster set for data analysis and variant comparison
Authors: Phan Lon , Hsu Jeffrey , Tri Le Quang Minh , Willi Michaela , Mansour Tamer , Kai Yan , Garner John , Lopez John , Busby Ben
Published: March 2017

dbVar houses over 3 million submitted structural variants (SSV) from 120 human studies including copy number variations (CNV), insertions, deletions, inversions, translocations, and complex chromosomal rearrangements. Users can submit multiple SSVs to dbVAR  that are presumably identical, but were ascertained by different platforms and samples,  to calculate whether the variant is rare or common in the population and allow for cross validation. However, because SSV genomic location reporting can vary – including fuzzy locations where the start and/or end points are not precisely known – analysis, comparison, annotation, and reporting of SSVs across studies can be difficult. This project was initiated by the Structural Variant Comparison Group for the purpose of generating a non-redundant set of genomic regions defined by counts of concordance for all human SSVs placed on RefSeq assembly GRCh38 (RefSeq accession GCF_000001405.26). We intend that the availability of these regions, called structural variant clusters (SVCs), will facilitate the analysis, annotation, and exchange of SV data and allow for simplified display in genomic sequence viewers for improved variant interpretation. Sets of SVCs were generated by variant type for each of the 120 studies as well as for a combined set across all studies. Starting from 3.64 million SSVs, 2.5 million and 3.4 million non-redundant SVCs with count >=1 were generated by variant type for each study and across all studies, respectively. In addition, we have developed utilities for annotating, searching, and filtering SVC data in GVF format for computing summary statistics, exporting data for genomic viewers, and annotating the SVC using external data sources.
Efficiency increase in combined electro-chemical grinding of hard alloys by diamond metal bonded disks
Authors: Медведева Ольга , Medvedeva Olga , Янюшкин Александр , Yanyushkin Aleksandr , Архипов Павел , Arkhipov Pavel , Попов Вячеслав , Popov Vyacheslav
Published: March 2017

In the paper there are emphasized problems connected with the use of diamond metal bond abrasive discs at the processing of hard alloys. The reasons of cutting capacity decrease are pointed out which limit a wide-spread use of a diamond metal bond tool. It is established that for the achievement of a required productivity and quality of ready products is possible at the expense of the application of electro-chemical and electro-physical methods of stropping and also due to the improvement of abrasive disc designs. This work reports the investigations of a cutting capacity of diamond discs at the working of hard alloys by a combined method of electro-chemical grinding with simultaneous continuous stropping. As an output parameter there was accepted a cutting capacity factor of a diamond which was assesses according to the changes in effective working capacity. On the basis of the results of the experimental data processed there were obtained theoretical models of the dependence of the cutting capacity factor upon electric and mechanical constituents of the modes of combined electro-chemical grinding. A complex of investigations directed to the detection of efficient modes ensuring the stability of cutting capacity in diamond metal bond discs is carried out. It is experimentally confirmed that the application of the method of combined electro-chemical grinding with the simultaneous continuous disc stropping at working hard alloy materials allows increasing diamond disc cutting capacity by 15% in comparison with other methods of the diamond working of such materials.
Possibilities of precision material micro-processing by laser pulse copper-vapor radiation
Authors: Казарян Мишик , Kazaryan Mishik , Лябин Николай , Lyabin Nikolay , Григорьянц Александр , Grigoryants Aleksandr , Шиганов Игорь , Shiganov Igor
Published: March 2017

The paper reports the results of experimental researches on microprocessing by laser copper-vapor radiation with wave-lengths of radiation in the visible spectrum region of 510.6 and 578.2 nm and the frequency of pulse repetition of 14-15kHz, a nano-second duration of pulses and a peak power density of 109-1011 W/cm2 in the focused spot light with the diameter of 10…20µkm. The investigations carried out became a basis for the creation of modern automated laser technological plants “Caravelle-2” and “Caravelle-2M” and with the average radiation power of 6-8W, an operation field of horizontal XY- table 100x100 and 200x200mm and positioning accuracy on axes ±2µkm for the precision micro-machining of foil materials – 0.01-0.2mm; “Caravelle-1” and “Caravelle-1M” with the radiation power of 10-15 20-25 W, an operation field of XY-table 150x150mm for the thin-sheet material micro-processing – 0.3-0.5mm and 0.6-1mm. The productivity of the plants mentioned as compared with common methods including also EEM is by an order and more higher. Material micro-processing with laser nano-second copper-vapor radiation ensures a higher quality of a cut: minor roughness of a cut surface (≥1…3µkm) and the area of thermal impact (≤3…5µkm) and stratifications and micro-cracks do not appear in such heat-resistant material as molybdenum and tungsten.
Problems and Methods of Oil Sludge Treatment
Authors: Сеник  , Senik E. , Воропаева  , Voropaeva A. , Таранов  , Taranov R. , Козодаев  , Kozodaev A. , Ксенофонтов  , Ksyenofontov Boris , Виноградов  , Vinogradov M.
Published: March 2017

Urgency of the problem of sludge treatment and disposal in recent times is noted in this paper. Questions related to sludge and other waste treatment by centrifugation both with pre-treatment, and without it, have been considered. It has been demonstrated that the treatment is more effective at heating of above-noted waste, and by reagents adding. As a result of use of centrifuges at a stage of above-noted waste treatment it is possible to reach rather high degree of separation into liquid and firm phases which can be used in various directions. Further dewatering is possible by using a proposed drying scheme with a closed circuit of heat transfer fluid. The scheme includes a unit for heat transfer fluid preparation, a drying chamber, a device for a finished product unloading, a cleaning system for used drying agent, a unit for additional cleaning of heat transfer fluid, dual-circuit system of pneumatic transport for the finished product. The proposed scheme contributes

to exclusion of sludge’ toxic substances from getting into the environment. Experimental studies of activated sludge suspension thickening process after secondary clarifiers in centrifuges of different

types have been carried out. Tests were conducted on laboratory and industrial direct-flow and counter-flow centrifuges. Optimal parameters and modes for centrifugation and thermo-reactant treatment were selected. Effectiveness of preliminary thermo-reactant treatment at a predetermined optimal centrifugation mode for activated sludge has been confirmed. The solids content in the concentrate of microbial biomass at the load 10–13 m3/h reached 9–10 % DIA. At the maximum capacity was used one nozzle with 6 mm diameter. Minimum specific dosage of flocculent is about 2 kg per 1 ton of dry product.
Product Loss Enhancement and Emission Reduction on Automated Systems of Clock Running of Petroleum Processing Plants
Authors: Шлекова  , Shlekova I. , Шлекова  , Shlekova E.
Published: March 2017

The analysis of the volume of oil refining, production of gasoline, commodity options shipment of petroleum products and logistics perspectives of various Russian factories is given. The possibility of reduction of irretrievable losses in the construction of the automated system of clock running instead of traditional gallery trestles is considered. The estimation of the reduction of losses and calculations of emissions into the atmosphere during loading of gasoline into tank cars is made. The article shows the environmental effectiveness of the automated system of clock running and the economic feasibility of the transition from the gallery loading on the clock filling the commodity petroleum products.
CRACK RESISTANCE OF BABBIT B83
Authors: Зернин Михаил , Zernin Mikhail
Published: March 2017

Babbit 83 crack resistance test in accordance with SSR 25-506-85 was carried out. By finite element method there were defined values of stress intensity factors in flat samples with a grown crack. The fracture viscosity characteristics of babbit are obtained. On the basis of a macro-fractographic analysis of wear fractures of a babbit sample and a finite element procedure for the definition of values of stress intensity factors the cha-racteristics of cyclic crack resistance are obtained. It is shown that a final fracture is realized at 3 МПа , and a transition from an elastic stage to the stage elastoplastic development of a crack is realized at 2,0…2,8 МПа .
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF DESIGN DEVELOPMENT OF MOTOR CAR GEARBOXES
Authors: Кучкаров Владимир , Kuchkarov Vladimir , Демидов Дмитрий , Demidov Dmitriy
Published: March 2017

The paper reports the review in the development of motor car gearbox design. The main task consists in the detection of the reasons for changes in gearbox design for the definition of the field for gearbox substantiated application in motor car design.

In the main part the advantages and shortcomings of manual, automated, infinitely variable and automatic gearboxes are under consideration. There are shown and analyzed functional diagrams of gearbox designs considered.

In the conclusion it is pointed out that the most promising design of a gearbox is a robot gearbox with two clutches allowing the assurance of the absence of power flow break; the smoothness of gear shifts and smoothness of motion; comfort of control; high fuel efficiency; high tractiondynamic characteristics.
COMPUTATION COMPLEXITY DECREASE IN MACHINE EXPERIMENTS AT VERIFICATION OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMS
Authors: Голембиовская Оксана , Golembiovskaya Oksana , Козачок Александр , Kozachok Aleksandr , Конышев Михаил , Konyshev Mikhail , Петров Константин , Petrov Konstantin
Published: March 2017

The problem of obtaining a set of samples for the assessment of cryptographic algorithms quality on the basis of statistical tests use is considered. New properties of Markov binary chains taking into account dependences of probabilities of binary vectors with different length are described. The analytical expressions allowing the computation of dependences of range limits in values of probabilities of multidimen-sional binary random values upon probabilities of bi-nary random values with smaller dimension are of-fered. The reasons for the necessity of an additional procedure of rejection at the simulation of the realiza-tion of Markov binary processes are defined. A method for the directed search of probability values of sets in the distribution of Markov binary sequences allowing the generation of ergodic binary random sequences that allows refusing completely the procedure of rejection is considered. An algorithm realizing a mentioned method possessing a lowered computational complexity in comparison with the wellknown algorithms for the organization of a computational experiment on the investigation of statistical properties of binary random sequences is presented.
CONCEPT OF TECHNOLOGICAL WAY AS MODERN CONTINUATION OF THEORY OF LONG CYCLES IN ECONOMY
Authors: Таранов Александр , Taranov Aleksandr , Таранова Наталья , Taranova Natalya
Published: March 2017

The paper reports the concept of a technological way as an urgent and empirically substantiated continuation of the wellknown theory of long waves in economy. The theory of long waves allows predicting on an empirical level world economic crises and an economic growth on the horizon for 50 years. The genesis of the theory of long waves by means of retrospective author’s classification of theories of long waves in accordance with technological, economic, institutional, administrative and social signs is analyzed. A basic range of authors having formed a modern and urgent theory of long waves which is verified by time and supported by empirical computations is presented by N.D. Kondratiev, G. Mensch, J. Dossy, Ch. Peres, S.Yu. Glaziev. The concept of a technological way being empirically confirmed by the continuation of the theory of long waves was formed by Academician Glaziev. In this concept there are revealed basic statement-laws and also the necessity of methodological approaches in technological, economic, institutional, administrative and sociological fields. The logic of the formation and interaction of technological totality is described thoroughly. The conclusions of technological way existence are drawn. Technological innovations defining the formation of the core of a technological way and revolutionizing a technological structure of economy have obtained a name of a “key factor”. Nanotechnologies are such a factor at present and for the prospect of 50 years. The conclusions of a basic property of a technological way being a self-reproducing integrity are drawn in consequence of which the technical development of economy cannot take place otherwise as by means of a successive change of technological ways.
O relacionamento e a auto-definição de acordo com a perspectiva de Sidney Blatt: Conceptualização e implicações clínicas
Authors: Campos Rui C.
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho de natureza teórica pretende apresentar o modelo de Sidney Blatt e discutir em torno de algumas das suas implicações clínicas. O artigo está organizado em diferentes secções. Começamos por abordar a conceptualização do autor sobre a depressão, de seguida descrevemos a sua proposta sobre o desenvolvimento da personalidade e os dois estilos de personalidade que concebeu, anaclítico e introjectivo. De seguida referimo-nos às estruturas ou esquemas cognitivo-afectivos e às duas configurações psicopatológicas descritas por Blatt. Continuamos discutindo em torno das relações existentes entre essas duas configurações psicopatológicas e fazemos depois uma síntese / reflexão sobre o modelo. O artigo termina com uma discussão sobre as implicações clínicas do modelo.
System Approach for Strategic Planning in Transport
Authors: Gaál B , Horváth B
Published: March 2017

The paper gives an overview on the current status of the connection between city and transport. After a short theoretical introduction on the effect of different city development strategies it shows the importance of transport in the life of a settlement. Through international best practice, there are some good examples on the holistic planning of a city.
Assessment of Carbon Status in Marine Protected Area of Payung Island Waters, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Purwiyanto Anna Ida Sunaryo , Agustriani Fitri
Published: March 2017

CO2 is a greenhouse gas that receive more attention than the other gases because the properties of carbon easily deformed and diffuseed. Changes in the concentration of CO2 in the water will impact on changes in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere that affect sea surface temperatures. It continuously will result in a change of marine capture fisheries. Payung Island is one of the important areas in South Sumatra that acts as the provider of the fishery. This because Payung Island is located in the mouth of Musi and Telang River covered by mangrove, has a very important ecological function. However, the condition of the carbon in the waters of the Payung Island has not explored further. This elementary study is to determine status on Payung Island waters as a sink or source of CO2. The study was conducted in June until August 2015. The research stages include surface water sampling, measurement of the CO2 in the atmosphere, the analysis of the concentration of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) and Total Alkalinity (TA), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) calculation.  Atmospheric CO2 were measured insitu, while the DIC and TA were analyzed using titration methods. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) obtained from the calculation using the software CO2Calc using data of  DIC, TA, nutrients and atmospheric CO2. The results showed that the content of DIC and TA on the Payung Island waters has similar distribution pattern  i.e. high in areas close to the river, and getting lower in the area which were closer to the sea. The comparisons between pCO2 atmosphere and pCO2 waters showed that Payung Island waters generally act as a carbon sink in area towards the sea but however, in the territorial waters adjacent to the river as a source of carbon.  Keywords: carbon, marine protected area, Payung Island waters
Bioactive Cembranoid Composition in the Soft Coral of Sarcophyton glaccum on The Response to Changing pH
Authors: Januar Hedi Indra , Zamani Neviaty Putri , Soedharma Dedi , Chasanah Ekowati
Published: March 2017

Soft coral is predicted to outcompete with hard coral in future ocean acidification scenarios. Beside the biological resilience shown in acidic conditions, soft corals ability to maintain or compete for space is shown to relate with their ability to produce cytotoxic cembranoid-type compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate composition of cytotoxic cembranoid compounds of Sarcophyton glaccum soft coral exposed to current and predicted future ocean acidification scenarios. Sarcophyton glaccum colonies were acclimated along a pH gradient to simulate predicted increases in ocean acidification: natural/current (pH 8,2), slight increase in acidification (pH 8.0 year-1 2060), and moderate increase in acidification (pH 7,8 year­-1 2100). Cembranoid composition was determined by quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy while cytotoxic activity was determined against tumor cell lines. Results of the study showed cytotoxicity and sarcophytoxide (the most active cembranoid compound in observed Sarcophyton glaccum) were both found to be higher at pH 8,0. However, a further increase of acidification resulted on a reduction of both the cytotoxicity and sarcophytoxide production. This suggests that acidification pressures affect directly the defense system metabolism of Sarcophyton glaccum and that while they may be resilient to small decreases in pH, their ability to compete for space may be hampered by more pronounced changes. Keywords: Cembranoids; Cytotoxic; Sarcophyton glaccum; Seawater Acidification; Soft Coral.
Rozstrzelano moje serce…
Authors: Iłłakowiczówna Kazimiera
Published: March 2017

Wiersz.
Węgierski Październik ’56 oczami dziecka. Trzy (warianty) lektury
Authors: Warmuz Daniel
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate three possible methods of reading and interpreting three consequent literary works on the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 that describe the events from a perspective of an adolescent boy. The mentioned works are the following: The Radiance of Childhood  (Gyermekkor tündoklete) by Istvan Kovacs, Hungarian Revolution 1956: Diary  (Magyar Forradalom 1956. Naplo) by Gyula Csics and Kalef by Zsolt Berta. The first demonstrated approach provides a documentary-like look on the October 1956 that is given by dint of (auto)biographical elements or diaristic form. The second method ensures much closer analysis of the Hungarian history across time (before, during and after the Revolution) and space (Hungarian country and Budapest). The third approach targets the aspects of initiation into adulthood, masculinity and Hungarian history of the 20th century that allows to read the three stories as a novels of initiation.
Nagle poczuli się wolni. Z Piotrem Bojarskim rozmawia Jerzy Borowczyk
Authors: Bojarski Piotr , Borowczyk Jerzy
Published: March 2017

An interview with Piotr Bojarski, author of historical non-fiction and novels about Poznań 1956 protests, focusing on a few topics. The attitudes and fortunes of doctors, paramedics, security officers, heroic protesters of the Black Thursday, lawyers who defended the protesters – all this allows us to look at a single day in Polish history through a few prisms. Additionally, the interview contains remarks on the benefits of a reporter’s look at history, and the attempts at novelistic emplotment of the events of 1956.
Węgierskie nocne rodaków rozmowy. Wokół antologii Gwiazda przewodnia. Węgierski październik 1956 w rodzimej poezji i prozie
Authors: Ratajczak Wiesław
Published: March 2017

Jerzy Snopek’s anthology Gwiazda przewodnia. Węgierski październik 1956 w rodzimej poezji i prozie  (Guiding star: Hungarian October 1956 in Polish poetry and prose) contains outstanding relations and reflections on the drammatic moment in history. The authors of works quoted in the collection were interested in, among other things, the combination of the personal and the collective, existential and historical, palpable and metaphysical.
Design of a mechanism for converting the energy of knee motions by using electroactive polymers
Authors: Armbruster Pascal , Oster Yannick , Vogt Marcel , Pylatiuk Christian
Published: March 2017

Harvesting energy from human body motions has become a promising option to prolong battery life for powering medical devices for autonomy. Up to now, different generating principles including dielectric electroactive polymers (DEAPs) have been suggested for energy conversion. However, there is a lack of mechanisms that are specifically designed to convert energy with DEAPs. In a proof of concept study, a mechanical system was designed for stretching DEAPs in those phases of the gait cycle, in which the muscles mainly perform negative work. Rotational movements of the knee joint are transformed into linear movements by using a cable pull. The DEAP can be charged during the stretching phase and discharged during releasing and allows for the conversion of kinetic energy into electric energy. To evaluate the concept, tests were conducted. It was found that the developed body energy harvesting (BEH) system has a performance in the range of 24–40 μW at normal walking speed. The converted energy is sufficient for powering sensors in medical devices such as active orthoses or prostheses.
Concept of uncertainty in relation to the foresight research
Authors: Magruk Andrzej
Published: March 2017

Uncertainty is one of the most important features of many areas of social and economic life, especially in the forward-looking context. On the one hand, the degree of uncertainty is associated with the objective essence of randomness of the phenomenon, and on the other, with the subjective perspective of a man. Future-oriented perception of human activities is laden with an incomplete specificity of the analysed phenomena, their volatility, and lack of continuity. A man is unable to determine, with complete certainty, the further course of these phenomena. According to the author of this article, in order to significantly reduce the uncertainty while making strategic decisions in a complex environment, we should focus our actions on the future through systemic research of foresight. This article attempts to answer the following research questions: 1) What is the relationship between foresight studies in the system perspective to studies of the uncertainty? 2) What classes of foresight methods enable the research of uncertainty in the process of system inquiry of the future? This study conducted deductive reasoning based on the results of the analysis methods and criticism of literature.
Increased vulnerability to wildfires and post fire hydro-geomorphic processes in Portuguese mountain regions: what has changed?
Authors: Nunes A. N. , Lourenço L.
Published: March 2017

The main objectives of this study were to understand the frequency of forest fires, post-fire off-site hydrological response and erosional processes from a social and ecological perspective in two basins located in the central cordillera, Portugal. It also discusses the driving forces that contribute towards increasing the social-ecological vulnerability of systems in the face of hazards and emphasizes the importance of learning from disasters. Based on the historical incidence of wildfires, it is possible to identify several areas affected by two, three or four fires, since 1975. Following the two major fires, in 1987 and 2005, flash floods, intense soil erosion and sedimentation processes were generated, causing severe damage. Significant socioeconomic, political and ecological changes have been affecting mountain regions in the last decades. Approximately 80% of the population and more than 90% of the livestock have disappeared, common lands have been afforested with Pinus pinaster, and several agricultural plots have been abandoned. These factors have all contributed towards creating non- or submanaged landscapes that have led to a dramatic increase in the magnitude and frequency of wildfires and to post-fire hydrological and erosional processes when heavy rainfall occurs. Moreover, the low population density, high level of population ageing and very fire-prone vegetation that now covers large areas of both basins, contribute to a situation of extreme socio-ecological vulnerability, meaning that disasters will continue to occur unless resilience can be restored to improve the capacity to cope with this high susceptibility to hazards.
Verbal number in Goemai (West Chadic)
Authors: Hellwig Birgit
Published: March 2017

Chadic languages are known for marking verbal number, and Goemai is no exception. When comparing Goemai to other Chadic languages, however, several differences emerge: the inventory is exceptionally large; the verbs come from all lexical fields; and they are used to indicate participant number rather than event number. Contrary to expectations, the marking of participant number does not only cover intransitive subjects and transitive objects, but also some transitive subjects and peripheral arguments. These patterns have a semantic basis, and this chapter explores the interaction of verbal number, transitivity and semantic roles in Goemai.
On verbal and nominal plurality in languages of the Bade-Ngizim group
Authors: Ziegelmeyer Georg
Published: March 2017

This paper illustrates formation processes of verbal and nominal plurals in West Chadic languages of the Bade-Ngizim group. Examples are drawn from Gashua Bade, Western Bade, and Ngizim. It is demonstrated that verbal and nominal plurals in these languages synchronically employ similar morphological processes, i. e. reduplication of a CV syllable to the left. While this is the only process attested with verbal plurals, noun plurals frequently employ additional suffixes. Beyond that, formation processes of plural imperatives are outlined. We conclude that formation processes can adequately be described while their actual functions and their use in discourse are still rather fuzzy.
Personal model‐assisted identification of NAD+ and glutathione metabolism as intervention target in NAFLD
Authors: Mardinoglu Adil , Bjornson Elias , Zhang Cheng , Klevstig Martina , Söderlund Sanni , Ståhlman Marcus , Adiels Martin , Hakkarainen Antti , Lundbom Nina , Kilicarslan Murat , Hallström Björn M , Lundbom Jesper , Vergès Bruno , Barrett Peter Hugh R , Watts Gerald F , Serlie Mireille J , Nielsen Jens , Uhlén Mathias , Smith Ulf , Marschall Hanns‐Ulrich , Taskinen Marja‐Riitta , Boren Jan
Published: March 2017

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we recruited 86 subjects with varying degrees of hepatic steatosis (HS). We obtained experimental data on lipoprotein fluxes and used these individual measurements as personalized constraints of a hepatocyte genome‐scale metabolic model to investigate metabolic differences in liver, taking into account its interactions with other tissues. Our systems level analysis predicted an altered demand for NAD+ and glutathione (GSH) in subjects with high HS. Our analysis and metabolomic measurements showed that plasma levels of glycine, serine, and associated metabolites are negatively correlated with HS, suggesting that these GSH metabolism precursors might be limiting. Quantification of the hepatic expression levels of the associated enzymes further pointed to altered de novo GSH synthesis. To assess the effect of GSH and NAD+ repletion on the development of NAFLD, we added precursors for GSH and NAD+ biosynthesis to the Western diet and demonstrated that supplementation prevents HS in mice. In a proof‐of‐concept human study, we found improved liver function and decreased HS after supplementation with serine (a precursor to glycine) and hereby propose a strategy for NAFLD treatment.
Das Subventionsrecht der WTO: Ordnung des Welthandels und Schutz des Wettbewerbs
Authors: Stoll Peter-Tobias
Published: March 2017

Eine Stärkung der amerikanischen Industrie durch Reform der Unternehmensbesteuerung, Maßnahmen zur Förderung erneuerbarer Energien und die globale Stahlkrise – das alles sind aktuelle Anwendungsfälle des Subventionsrechts der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO). Die zwei letztgenannten Problemkonstellationen mögen zwar vertraut klingen. Insgesamt aber scheint das WTO-Recht als wesentlicher Teil des internationalen Handelsrechts von den Vorstellungen und Realitäten unserer europäischen und deutschen Ordnung der Märkte mit dem Wettbewerbs- und Beihilfenrecht weit entfernt zu sein. Dies trifft auf das Kartellrecht im engeren Sinne uneingeschränkt zu. Im Hinblick auf das Subventions- bzw. Beihilfenrecht hat aber das internationale Recht mit den Subventionsregeln der WTO durchaus etwas zu bieten. Wenngleich die WTO-Regelungen über Subventionen von ganz anderen systemischen Grundlagen ausgehen, können die sehr konkreten und in der Streitbeilegung erprobten Regelungen durchaus einen Ordnungsbeitrag leisten. Das internationale Recht ist damit in einem Bereich stark ausgeprägt, den das europäische Recht ebenbürtig neben das Kartellrecht stellt, während das deutsche Recht insoweit eher schwach entwickelt ist. Der folgende Beitrag soll Grundlagen und Praxis des WTO-Subventionsrechts mit Seitenblicken auf das europäische Beihilfenrecht erläutern und in seiner Bedeutung würdigen.
Verbandsautonomie im Verhältnis gegenüber Dritten – Kein Spiel ohne (kartell-)rechtliche Grenzen!
Authors: Heermann Peter W.
Published: March 2017

Auf unterschiedliche Weise nehmen Sportverbände – zumeist unter Bezugnahme auf die Verbandsautonomie – über ihre Statuten auf das Verhalten Dritter Einfluss. Diese sind zum einen regelmäßig nicht unmittelbare oder mittelbare Verbandsmitglieder und nehmen zum anderen aber doch in unterschiedlicher Weise auf den ökonomischen Erfolg des Sportbetriebs Einfluss. Durch entsprechende Verbandsstatuten können etwa folgende Gruppen in ihren wirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten betroffen sein: potentielle Sponsoren, Sportartikelhersteller, Spielervermittler, Investoren (z. B. bei Fußballclubs), Medien und verbandsunabhängige Veranstalter von Sportwettkämpfen.

Im Hinblick auf derartige Konstellationen stellen sich folgende, nachfolgend zu beantwortende Fragen: Worauf basiert die Normsetzungsgewalt des Sportverbandes? Inwieweit erfolgt die Normsetzung von Sportverbänden innerhalb der Grenzen der Verbandsautonomie? Welche rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen gelten bei Überschreiten dieser Grenzen? Wie ist eine kartellrechtliche Inhalts- und Ausübungskontrolle auszugestalten, die als Ausgleich für das Legitimationsdefizit derartiger Verbandsstatuten mit mittelbaren Drittwirkungen geboten ist?
Inside Job: uma análise da construção social da realidade econômica
Authors: De Oliveira Anselmo Carvalho
Published: March 2017

Esta análise se baseia em conceitos da sociologia do conhecimento desenvolvidos por Peter Berger e Thomas Luckmann no livro a Construção Social da Realidade para analisar o filme Inside Job. No livro, os autores analisam constantes sociológicas que permitem compreender como o conhecimento sobre o mundo é construído e estruturado. Assim, é possível apropriarmos dessas constantes com o objetivo de compreender e reconhecer como a economia é uma instituição que possui seu cabedal próprio de conhecimentos, um pessoal responsável por transmitir e legitimar esse conhecimento em um conjunto lógico e coerente e com expressivas consequências para a apreensão dos fenômenos sociais da vida comum.
Televisão e identidade gaúcha no Oeste Catarinense
Authors: Silva Franscesco Flavio da , Lisbôa Filho Flavi Ferreira
Published: March 2017

Apesar de pertencer ao estado brasileiro de Santa Catarina, o município de Chapecó apresenta fortes traços da cultura gaúcha, que teve importante papel na colonização da região. Na atualidade estes traços culturais circulam pela mídia local, em especial pelo quadro esportivo diário do telejornal Jornal Almoço da RBS-TV Chapecó, foco de nossa análise. A presença de conteúdos relacionados às duas principais equipes de futebol do Rio Grande do Sul (Internacional e Grêmio) contrastam com a recente ascensão nacional do time de futebol local, a Chapecoense. Com o aporte teórico-metodológico dos Estudos Culturais, buscamos compreender como a cultura e a identidade gaúcha se relacionam na atualidade na cidade conhecida como a capital do Oeste catarinense. Nos apropriamos da hipótese cultural da Estrutura de Sentimento de Raymond Williams para perceber como a cultura se transforma e se relaciona como modo de vida.
TV Brasil e a configuração da rede nacional de televisão pública na Região Sul
Authors: Lopes Ivonete Da Silva
Published: March 2017

Este artigo discute um dos princípios constitutivos da radiodifusão pública, a universalidade de acesso, a partir da análise da cobertura geográfica da rede nacional de televisão pública na Região Sul.  Destaca que a região possui a segunda maior quantidade de emissoras públicas do país, 28 TVs Educativas, no entanto apenas quatro delas integram a rede pública liderada pela TV Brasil. O cenário   indica que universalizar a cobertura ainda representa um desafio a ser superado pela TV Brasil quase uma década depois de sua implantação.
Hora da Notícia: linguagem e resistência
Authors: Oliveira Ana Paula
Published: March 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma reflexão a respeito da linguagem do telejornal Hora da Notícia, dirigido por Vladimir Herzog e veiculado pela TV Cultura de São Paulo, nos anos 70. Pretende-se, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, em materiais de arquivo e entrevistas, evidenciar o modo como a linguagem do telejornal dialoga com a linguagem cinematográfica neste programa. Intenta-se, desse modo, pensar as possibilidades de linguagem realizadas num telejornal de uma TV Pública.
Pedaços de maus caminhos: o belo e o grotesco nas representações das cidades no telejornalismo brasileiro
Authors: Temer Ana Carolina Rocha Pessôa , Tuzzo Simone Antoniaci
Published: March 2017

A base teórica para reflexão neste trabalho diz respeito às rotinas produtivas, a questão dos valores notícias e ao conceito de ethos escatológico da cultura, desenvolvido pelo pensador Muniz Sodré, buscando entender o modo que as representações do grotesco se impõem como um modelo estético presente no telejornalismo. Neste princípio, esta pesquisa busca contrapor dois conteúdos exibidos no telejornal Bom Dia Brasil, em duas sextas-feiras consecutivas, mas cujo conteúdo difere não apenas nos aspectos relativos a sua seleção – valores notícias – mas também na forma pela qual retratam o espaço urbano. Observa-se que o telejornalismo cria um mapa urbano diferenciado, a cidade acolhedora, da classe média alta e das belas paisagens, e a cidade não acolhedora, dos pobres e desvalidos, colocando em questão o próprio conceito de cidadania.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN KELAYAKAN LAHAN BUDI DAYATAMBAK DI KECAMATAN SAMPARA, KABUPATEN KENDARI, PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Mustafa Akhmad , Tarunamulia Tarunamulia , Hanafi Adi
Published: March 2017

Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk karakteristik dan kelayakan lahan Sampara, Kabupaten Kendari, Provinsi Sulawesi tenggara. Karakteristik lahan yang di amati meliputi kualitas tanah dan air serta vegetasi dominan. Peubah yang digunakan adalah peubah kualitas tanah yang merupakan peubah penting untuk tanah suliat masam dan melalui aplikasi sistem Informasi Geografis (slG) untuk menentukan kelayakan lahan untuk budi daya tambak.
EKSPLORASI BAKTERI FILOSFER DARI TANAMAN MANGROVE SEBAGAI BAKTERI PROBIOTIK PADA BUDI DAYA UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon
Authors: Muliani Muliani , Nurbaya Nurbaya , Tompo Arifuddin , Armomarsono Muharijadi
Published: March 2017

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bakteri filosfer dari tanaman mangrove sebagar bakteri probiotik pada budi daya udang windu. Penelitian ini terdiri atas beberapalahapan kerjayaitu: (1) isolasi bakteri filosfer dari tanaman mangrove; (2) uji daya hambat bakteri lilosfer terhadap V. harveyi; (3) karakterisasi fisiologi dan biokimia; (4) pertumbuhan bakteri filosfer pada beberapa konsentrasi NaCl; (5) pertumbuhan bakteri filosfer pada beberapa tingkat salinitas; (6) uji patogenisitas bakteri filosfer terhadap pascalarva udang windu; (7) uji tantang bakteri lilosferdengan V. harveyi dalam wadah pemeliharaan pascalarva udang windu; (g) identifikasi dan disain pohon filogenetik bakteri filosfer melalui analisis gen 165-rRNA.
UPAYA PENGURANGAN CEMARAN LOGAM BERAT PADA DAGING KERANG HIJAU(Perna Viridis) DENGAN LARUTAN KITOSAN
Authors: Murtini Jovita Tri , Januar Hedi Indra , Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: March 2017

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai upaya pengurangan cemaran logam berat pada daging kerang hijau (Perna viridis)melalui perlakuan perendaman  dalam larutan kitosan dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1% dan 1,5% dalam asem asetat 1% selama 1,2 dan 3 jam .
FORTIFIKASI KUE KEIK MENGGUNAKAN BUBUK Gracilaria spp. DAN Sargassum filipendula SEBAGAI SUMBER ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3 DAN IODIUM
Authors: Darmawan M , Tazwir Tazwir , Irianto Hari Eko
Published: March 2017

Riset fortifikasi bubuk Gracilaia spp. dan Sa4gassum filipendula sebagai sumber asam lemak omega-3 dan iodium ke dalam kue keik (cake) telah dilakukan
PENGARUH JARAK KISI PADA TED TIPE SUPER SHOOTER TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN SAMPINGAN TRAWL UDANG
Authors: Mahiswara Mahiswara , Wahju Ronny L. , Monintja Daniel R.
Published: March 2017

Trawl merupakan alat tangkap udang yang efektif. Permasalahan utama pada perikanan trawl udang adalah banyaknya hasil tangkapan sampingan (HTS) yang tidak dimanfaatkan, dan dibuang kembali ke laut. Buangan ini memiliki dampak buruk terhadap sumber daya dan lingkungan. Super Shoofer Tuftle Excluder Device (IED,) merupakan salah satu perangkat yang digunakan untuk menurunkan HTS pada trawl udang. Penelitian dengan metode uji coba penangkapan telah dilaksanakan di perairan utara Jawa untuk mengetafui pengaruh penggunaan super shooter fED terhadap HTS
Effects of a stress management program on third year medical students' anxiety depression and somatization
Authors: McGrady Angele , Lynch Denis , Brennan Julie , Whearty Kary
Published: March 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: Transition from the medical school classroom to the clinical training years requires students to adapt in many ways. Schedules are more variable, with longer clinic hours and travel to affiliated hospitals. Students are also faced with emotional needs of patients coincident with meeting demands from attending physicians. The prevalence of anxiety, depression and overall distress increases during the four years of medical school and particularly during difficult transitions. Methods: Forty medical students entering their first clinical year enrolled in a two session stress management program focused on mindfulness and coping strategies. Sessions were interactive, conducted by a psychologist, social worker and a counselor and comprised evidenced based components. Results: Twenty nine students completed the program. Baseline comparisons between dropouts and eventual completers showed that dropouts were more likely to screen positive for depression, anxiety and somatic tendencies. Program completers evidenced short term increased knowledge about mindfulness and coping and demonstrated significant decreases in anxiety and somatization at the end of the program. Conclusion: Though scheduling of any additional programs during the clinical years of medical school presents significant challenges, students who complete such a program sustain important benefits and evaluate the program positively.