bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water-retention properties and microstructure changes of a bentonite pellet upon wetting/drying; application to radioactive waste disposal
Authors: Molinero-Guerra Agustín , Delage Pierre , Cui Yu-Jun , Mokni Nadia , Tang Anh Minh , Aimedieu Patrick , Bernier Frédéric , Bornert Michel
Published: February 2019

Like bricks of compacted bentonite/sand mixtures, mixtures made up of pellets and powder of bentonite are considered as a possible material to make the sealing plugs used to fill up galleries and ensure long-term watertightness in deep radioactive waste disposal. Pellets/bentonite mixtures have a low permeability, high swelling capacity, good radionuclide retention capability and operational advantages in terms of placement in the galleries. Following a previous in-depth characterisation of bentonite pellets/powder mixture conducted by the same group, an investigation of the water-retention properties and microstructure changes of a bentonite pellet subjected to wetting/drying cycles under free swelling conditions was carried out by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and X-ray microtomography. A complete description of the changes in water content, void ratio and degree of saturation of the pellet was provided. Data showed that the free swelling of the pellet is due to the combined effect of both crack propagation at the macro scale, and the swelling of bentonite grains, governed by hydration mechanisms along the smectite faces at the nano scale. Significant development of a crack network is observed between 38 and 9 MPa. For suctions below 9 MPa, there is a significant decrease of the platelet thickness and an increase in the disorder of the platelet assembly, resulting in the average MIP entrance pore radius increasing to 0·4 μm within the expanded bentonite grains.
Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms with padlock probes v1
Authors: Krzywkowski Tomasz , Nilsson Mats
Published: February 2019

This protocol is for in situ detection of mRNAs and single nucleotide polymorphisms using padlock probes and rolling circle amplification. In the accompanying publication, we take advantage of a single nucleotide variant within conserved ACTB mRNA to successfully differentiate human and mice co-cultured cells and apply following protocol to genotype PCDH X and Y homologs in human brain tissue sections. These are used as examples in the accompanying publication and custom padlock probes can be designed to allow for the targeting of own desired mRNA. We provide a method for automated characterization and quantitation of target mRNA in single cells or chosen tissue area. mRNA of interest, harboring a polymorphism, is first reverse-transcribed to cDNA. Allele specific padlock probes are hybridized to the cDNA target and enzymatically circularized maintaining a physical link with the parent mRNA molecule. Lastly, circularized probes are replicated in situ, using rolling circle amplification mechanism to facilitate detection. This protocol is taken directly from the accompanying publication. Further details and background information can be found in the cited published article.
Standardized immunohistochemical staining used in the Human Protein Atlas v1
Authors: Martinez Casals Anna , Lindskog Cecilia
Published: February 2019

The Human Protein Atlas provides a map showing the distribution and relative abundance of proteins in the human body. All IHC staining in the Human Protein Atlas project are performed using the following standard protocol. The primary antibody dilution is based on titration optimization, the dilution suggested by the Human Protein Atlas can be found under antibody and antigen information for each antibody. When primary antibody originates from other host animals than rabbit, there are some modifications and different secondary antibody is used.
Standardized immunohistochemical staining used in the Human Protein Atlas v1
Authors: Martinez Casals Anna , Lindskog Cecilia
Published: February 2019

All IHC staining in the Human Protein Atlas project are performed using the following standard protocol. The primary antibody dilution is based on titration optimization, the dilution suggested by the Human Protein Atlas can be found under antibody and antigen information for each antibody. When primary antibody originates from other host animals than rabbit, there are some modifications and different secondary antibody is used.
An 8-week resistance training protocol is effective in adapting quadriceps but not patellar tendon shear modulus v1
Authors: Mannarino Pietro , Fernandes Oliveira Liliam , Torres da Matta Thiago
Published: February 2019

Habitual loading and resistance training (RT) can lead to changes in muscle and tendon morphology as well as in its mechanical properties which can be measured by Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) technique. The objective of this study was to analyze the Vastus Lateralis (VL) and patellar tendon (PT) mechanical properties adaptations to an 8-week RT protocol using SWE. We submitted 15 untrained health young men to an 8-week RT directed for knee extensor mechanism. VL and PT shear modulus (µ) were assessed pre and post intervention with SWE. PT thickness (PTT), VL muscle thickness (VL MT) and knee extension torque (KT) were also measure pre and post intervention to ensure the RT efficiency. Significant increases were observed in VL MT and KT (pre= 2.40 ±0.40 cm and post= 2.63 ±0.35 cm, p = 0.0111, and pre= 294.66 ±73.98 Nm and post= 338.93 ±76.39 Nm, p = 0.005, respectively). The 8-week RT was also effective in promoting VL µ adaptations (pre= 4.87 ±1.38 kPa and post= 9.08.12 ±1.86 kPa, p = 0.0105), but not in significantly affecting PT µ (pre= 78.85 ±7.37 kPa and post= 66.41 ±7.25 kPa, p = 0.1287) nor PTT (baseline= 0.364 ±0.053 cm and post = 0.368 ±0.046 cm, p = 0.71). The present study showed that an 8-week resistance training protocol was effective in adapting VL µbut not PT µ.Further investigation should be conducted with special attention to longer interventions, to possible PT differential individual responsiveness and to the muscle-tendon resting state tension environment.
Incorporating Metabolic Thinking into Regional Planning: The Case of the Sierra Calderona Strategic Plan
Authors: Galan Juanjo , Perrotti Daniela
Published: February 2019

The metabolic study of the southeastern part of the Calderona Mountain Range (Sierra Calderona) was developed over an area of 200 square kilometers. Due to its location on the outskirt of the Metropolitan Area of Valencia (Spain), the Calderona Mountain Range presents most of the metabolic challenges and potentials that characterize peri-urban areas. The main goal of the study was to increase the sustainability levels of the region by optimizing the flows of materials and energy, as well as flows related to the transport of people within and in/outside the region. The following article includes a methodological introduction to regional and urban metabolic studies. Secondly, it presents the specific application of those principles in the Sierra Calderona case and the qualitative and quantitative results of the assessed regional flows. Moreover, the use of Metabolic Functional Areas (FMAs) is proposed to better integrate metabolic studies with land-use and spatial planning. In its second section, the article also presents the potential for shifting toward an optimized metabolism of the studied area, as well as a set of strategies and actions for their achievement. Finally, in the conclusions, we present a critical reflection on the methods, data, exportability and scalability of the results produced in the Sierra Calderona Case. Due to its regional character, the metabolic performance of the Sierra Calderona is connected to a wide range of land uses, productive functions and stakeholders. That is the reason why the formulated strategies and actions are deeply interlinked with different sectors and why they were supported by the results of an open participatory process. However, and in spite of its regional scope, the urban systems of the Sierra Calderona proved to be an essential lever for improving the regional and local sustainability, due to their varied morphological structures, distinctive ways of functioning, and different types of interaction with the surroundings.
Smart city és a blockchain: buzzword vagy paradigmaváltás?
Authors: Kalocsai Kornél
Published: February 2019

A McKinsey Global által készített kutatás alapján 2025-re a világ GDP-jének 60%-át a városok adják, 2020-ra pedig az okos városok száma eléri a 600-at. Az International Data Corporation (IDC) előrejelzése alapján 2022-re a világ GDP-jének több mint 60%-a digitális jövedelem lesz, így újra kell tervezni a meglévő üzleti és közigazgatási modelleket. Ebből az következik, hogy települési szinten is olyan technológiai újításokkal fogunk találkozni 5 éven belül, amelyekről ma még nem is hallottunk, és nagyságrendekkel fog javulni a „városhasználói” élményünk, azaz olyan szolgáltatásokat kaphatunk majd települési szinten, amelyek egyszerűsíteni vagy segíteni fogják a mindennapi városi életünket. A blockchain-technológia ezt a folyamatot fogja nagymértékben támogatni. Jelentős hatással lesz az életünkre, paradigmaváltást hoz a gazdasági életben és a lokális ökoszisztémában is, mivel az értékek és a tőke szabad elérését tudja digitális, biztonságos és hiteles módon biztosítani. Ennek eredménye lehet akár, hogy egy okos város a fejlesztéseihez a tokenizáció által újfajta finanszírozást tud biztosítani. A tanulmányban azt mutatom be, hogy mitől korszakalkotó a blokklánc-technológia, és ez milyen fejlesztési elképzeléseket tud generálni az okos városok számára.
A New Compound Gamma and Lindley Distribution with Application to Failure Data
Authors: Abdi Mousa , Asgharzadeh Akbar , Bakouch Hassan S. , Alipour Zahra
Published: February 2019

In this paper, we propose a new lifetime distribution by compounding the gamma and Lindley distributions. Construction of it can be interpreted in the viewpoint of the reliability analysis and Bayesian inference. Moreover, the distribution has decreasing and unimodal hazard rate shapes. Several properties of the distribution are obtained, involving characteristics of the (reverse) hazard rate function, quantiles, moments, extreme order statistics and some stochastic order relations. Estimating the distribution parameters is discussed by some estimation methods and their performance is evaluated by a simulation study. Also, estimation of the stress-strength parameter is investigated. Usefulness of the distribution among other models is illustrated by fitting two failure data sets and using some goodness-of-fit measures.
Imagens de pensamento em Benjamin: ética, estética e linguagem/ On Benjamin’s Thought-Images: ethics, aesthetics and language
Authors: Valentim Felipe Vieira
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Esta proposta objetiva refletir as imagens constelares do pensamentobenjaminiano, evidenciando-se a plasticidade com que se organizam fragmentos, pequenos ensaios e aforismos, formas destoantes daquelas autorizadas pelo saber histórico-científico. O trabalho sobre as Passagens, iniciado em 1927, é projeto de um livro que problematiza o avanço da modernidade capitalista em grandes metrópoles – Paris é um exemplo. As imagens verbais de Benjamin expõem uma organização da linguagem pensada como um campo de onde emerge uma complexa e intricada rede de relações entre conhecimento e experiência. A conclusão destaca a materialização do pensamento como obra de arte, cujo agrupamento de recortes ocorre pela afinidade visível entre as ideias, as “imagens de pensamento” [Denkbilder]. Desta forma, a partir do fragmento, ruínas e representações são modos de pensar uma ética do presente escrita à contrapelo da modernização: um projeto contraditório, inacabado e mal resolvido. Palavras-chave: passagens; pensamento constelar; Denkbilder.Abstract: This proposal aims to reflect the Constellation in Benjaminian thought, evidencing the plasticity concerning the organization of fragments, small essays and aphorisms: forms disproven from those authorized by historical-scientific method. The Arcades Project (started in 1927) is a kind of research which problematizes the advance of capitalist modernity in large metropolises – Paris is an example. Verbal images in Benjamin’s thought present an organization of language as a field from which emerges a complex and intricate relation between knowledge and experience. The conclusion highlights the materialization of thought as a work of art, whose grouping of fragments occurs by the visible affinity between ideas, “Thought-Images” [Denkbilder]. In this way, from the fragment, ruins and representations are ways of thinking an ethics of the present time which is written against the modernization: a contradictory, unfinished and ill-resolved project.Keywords: the arcades project; constellation; Denkbilder.
Capaz como marcador negativo enfático no dialeto gaúcho / “Capaz” as a Negative Emphatic Marker in Gaucho Dialect
Authors: Cavalcante Rerisson , Simioni Leonor
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este trabalho descreve propriedades sintáticas, semânticas e pragmáticas de sentenças que contam com o item capaz sendo utilizado com o valor de marcador negativo no dialeto gaúcho do português brasileiro (PB), em que este item expressa uma rejeição forte a um conteúdo proposicional prévio. O artigo também compara o comportamento de capaz com outros marcadores negativos não-neutros (dos tipos anafórico, enfático e metalinguístico) do português quanto à possibilidade de concordância negativa e à distribuição por tipos sentenciais distintos. E apresenta uma proposta de derivação sintática, com base no arcabouço da gramática gerativa, para as sentenças com esse item, assumindo que se trata de uma estrutura mono-oracional, em que capaz é gerado em uma posição de especificador na periferia esquerda da sentença, onde pode sofrer modificação adverbial; a cópula que opcionalmente o acompanha funciona com uma categoria funcional do sistema CP (e não como o núcleo de um VP).Palavras-chave: negação enfática; português brasileiro; dialeto gaúcho; sintaxe.Abstract: This paper describes the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of sentences with capaz as a negative marker in the Gaúcho dialect of Brazilian Portuguese, expressing a strong rejection to a previously uttered propositional content. The paper also compares the behavior of capaz with that of other non-neuter negative markers in Portuguese (anaphoric, emphatic and metalinguistic) with regard to the possibility of negative concord and the distribution across different sentential types. It proposes a syntactic derivation for sentences with negative capaz within the framework of generative grammar, assuming a monoclausal structure in which capaz is generated in a specifier position in the left periphery, where it can be modified by adverbs. The copula that optionally accompanies capaz is assumed to be a functional category in the CP system rather than a VP nucleus.Keywords: emphatic negation; Brazilian Portuguese; Gaúcho dialect; syntax.
O constituinte-QU in situ e os efeitos de Common Ground no português brasileiro infantil / The WH-Constituent in situ and the effects of Common Ground in Child Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Vieira Clariana Lara , Grolla Elaine Bicudo
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O presente trabalho concentra-se nos efeitos do Common Ground na produção de perguntas com constituinte-QU in situ no português brasileiro, tendo em vista esta ser uma língua de movimento-QU aparentemente opcional. Neste artigo, procura-se discutir, com base em investigação empírica, como o conceito pragmático de fundo comum influencia na realização de tais perguntas, levando em consideração o comportamento de outras línguas que permitem tanto o QU-movido quanto o in situ, como o francês, o espanhol e o português europeu. Para tanto, ao fim deste artigo, será apresentado um novo experimento de aquisição que eliciou perguntas-QU em um contexto de pressuposição enriquecida. Os resultados sugerem que há, de fato, uma associação entre o QU-in situ e o contexto pragmático, tanto nos dados adultos (grupo controle) quanto nos dados infantis.Palavras-chave: qu-in situ; interrogativas-qu; common ground; português brasileiro.Abstract: The present paper focuses on the Common Ground effects on the production of wh-in situ in Brazilian Portuguese, bearing in mind that this is a language with apparently optional wh-movement. In this study, we aim to discuss, based on empirical research, how the pragmatic concept of Common Ground play a role on the production of such questions, taking into account the behavior of other languages that allow wh-moved and wh-in situ, such as French, Spanish and European Portuguese. For this purpose, at the end of this paper, we present a new acquisition experiment that elicits wh-questions in a context with enriched presupposition. The results suggest that there is, in fact, an association between wh-in situ and the pragmatic context, both in adult (control group) data and in child’s data.Keywords: wh-in situ; wh-questions; common ground; Brazilian Portuguese.
O modelo do Léxico-Gramática no Brasil / The Lexicon-Grammar model in Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Roana , Picoli Larissa
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este artigo visa a apresentar um panorama das pesquisas realizadas no Brasil a partir dos anos 2000 que utilizam como base teórico-metodológica o modelo do Léxico-Gramática (LG). Surgindo com os trabalhos de Gross (1968) sobre o francês, o LG é um modelo que descreve os fenômenos linguísticos conjugando léxico e gramática, com a análise de propriedades sintáticas, semânticas, estruturais e transformacionais distribuídas formalmente em tábuas binárias. Compilamos e descrevemos 38 trabalhos, entre teses, dissertações e artigos, sob o arcabouço do LG no Brasil. Além disso, os classificamos em três principais eixos temáticos: verbos-suporte, expressões cristalizadas, e análise, descrição e classificação de construções verbais. Espera-se com este artigo contribuir para a exposição dos trabalhos realizados, sobretudo, na Universidade Federal de São Carlos e na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, servindo como material de referência para os pesquisadores da área de LG do país e fortalecendo, assim, os estudos descritivos do português do Brasil.Palavras-chave: léxico-gramática; modelo teórico-metodológico; metapesquisa.Abstract: The aim of this paper is to offer an overview of research developed in Brazil since the beginning of the 2000s that have the Lexicon-Grammar (LG) model as a theoretical-methodological basis. Starting with Gross’s investigations (1968) on the French language, LG describes linguistic phenomena by conjugating lexicon and grammar and analyzing syntactic, semantic, structural and transformational properties that are distributed into binary tables. We have compiled and described 38 publications, including theses, dissertations, and articles, concerning LG studies in Brazil. In addition, we have classified those publications into three main themes: support verbs; fixed expressions; and analysis, description and classification of verbal constructions. This paper is expected to contribute to the diffusion of research developed both at the Federal University of São Carlos and the Federal University of Espírito Santo, serving as a reference material for LG researchers, thus further strengthening descriptive studies of Brazilian Portuguese.Keywords: lexicon-grammar; theoretical-methodological model; meta-research.
Análisis de propuestas de innovación educativa en el prácticum del Grado en Pedagogía
Authors: Vázquez-Cano Esteban , Sevillano García M.ª Luisa , De Pedro Sotelo Francisco
Published: February 2019

En este artículo se presenta un estudio en el que se analizan las concepciones del alumnado universitario sobre la innovación educativa a partir de su proceso de trabajo en el prácticum de Pedagogía en la UNED. La muestra participante está constituida por 170 estudiantes pertenecientes a cuarto curso del Grado en Pedagogía durante el curso académico 2016/17. La investigación se ha desarrollado desde una doble vertiente cualitativa: análisis documental de la memoria final del trabajo de la asignatura y el análisis de foros de discusión de la plataforma informática de la UNED. Para ello, se ha empleado el programa Atlas-Ti y del enfoque reticular-categorial del análisis de redes sociales con la aplicación de UCINET. Los resultados más significativos muestran que los cinco ámbitos en los que los estudiantes han identificado y propuesto un mayor número de actuaciones son los siguientes: convivencia escolar (n = 56), acoso (n = 93), formación del profesorado (n = 87), metodologías activas (n = 88) y educación en valores (n = 32). En este sentido, el estudio aporta una visión alternativa a la innovación a través de la mirada del alumno del último curso del Grado en Pedagógica como consecuencia de sus prácticas profesionales.
CANTÓN MAYO, I. (2018). Escuelas rurales de la Maragatería. León: Eolas Ediciones, 440 páginas, ISBN: 987-84-17315-27-6.
Authors: García Martín Sheila
Published: February 2019

CANTÓN MAYO, I. (2018). Escuelas rurales de la Maragatería. León: Eolas Ediciones, 440 páginas, ISBN: 987-84-17315-27-6.
Management of neck dissection complications in head and neck cancers
Authors: Bhushan Suhas N. , H. N. Arun
Published: February 2019

Background: Neck dissection is a vital step in eradicating the regional lymph node metastasis. The aim of study is to establish the incidence of post-operative complications in patients undergoing neck dissection and its management.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study of 82 patients admitted in the department of general surgery, BMCRI from June 2016 till January 2018 who underwent neck dissections for various head and neck cancers. These patients were studied for post-operative complications and their management.Results: Intra-operative complication being vascular injury (IJV repaired-2 cases), nerve injury and lymphatic injury (thoracic duct identified and serial ligation in 3 cases and right-side lymphatic duct injury in l case). Immediate post-operative complication being hemorrhage among 2 cases, re-opened in 1 case and managed by compression dressing in 1 case. Delayed complications being nerve injury among which marginal mandibular nerve injured in 5 cases, phrenic nerve in 1 case, vagus nerve in 1 case, spinal accessory nerve in 13 cases (palsy in 3 cases and praxia in 10 cases). Another delayed complication being chylorrhoea in 2 cases which was managed conservatively. Wound dehiscence noted among 4 cases, 2 of them were major (1 required redo flap, 1 managed conservatively) and 2 of them were minor complications.Conclusions: In our study, there were no peri-operative deaths. Nerves were most common structures injured. A careful pre-operative assessment, meticulous surgical technique, high quality post-operative care and appropriate rehabilitation help in preventing and managing complications.
A study of the efficacy of external fixation in healing large, deep and unstable diabetic foot wounds
Authors: Patro Byomokesh , Surana Pankaj , Mahapatra Kailash Chandra
Published: February 2019

Background: Infection of a diabetic foot wound heralds a poor outcome, early diagnosis and treatments are important. The aim of the study was to study the efficacy of external fixation in healing large, deep and unstable diabetic foot wounds.Methods: 50 patients with diabetic foot ulcer considered for the present study. Out of this 50 cases 25 are selected for external fixations (study group), after fulfilling the inclusion criteria and rest 25 cases are managed by posterior slab support. After reducing the infective load, the external fixator was applied as per application of external fixator procedure. The fixator is kept for 4 to 6 weeks. Daily dressings are done with advance dressing materials. Posterior slab group 25 patients are included having large, deep ulcers and unstable joints, to which posterior slabs were supported after proper and extensive debridement of wound under SA/LA.Results: DFU predominantly affects right lower limb than left lower limb. Both lower limbs affected in 4% cases. Because of different working environment males are more vulnerable to foot ulcerations. Out of 50 cases 48 (96%) of DFU are unilateral and 32 no of cases (64%) are predominantly occurs in right lower limb (Table 2). Out of 50 cases 38 no. of patient are males and 12 no. of patient are females. External fixator in exposed joint decreases the wounds in 52 days where as by posterior slab support 59 days. The mean surfaces are of the wound after therapy in study group is 75 cm2 and in control group it was 78 cm2.Conclusions: Large ulcers and exposed joints due to diabetic foot can be managed by external fixator for better prognosis than posterior slab method.
Clinicopathological study of granulomatous lobular mastitis
Authors: Goel Sapna , Goel Kanwar Singh
Published: February 2019

Background: Granulomatous lobular mastitis is an uncommon disease. This condition may resemble malignancy and tuberculosis. It is characterised by granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells, epithelioid histiocytes. The inflammation is centred on lobules. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical and pathological aspects in 8 cases of granulomatous lobular mastitis and review of pertinent literature.Methods: This is a prospective observational study. A total of 8 patients were studied. Investigations done. Patient were treated by erythromycin 250mg qid, tinidazole 500mg bid, for 7 days and steroids for two months. The lumps were excised, sinuses were excised and abscesses were drained, and oral steroids were given. Follow-up was done for 6 months.Results: Most of the patients were multiparous and lactating, with age range from 18 to 36 years. Clinically the lesion was felt as malignant in 3 patients and benign in 5 patients. Most patients were using contraceptive pills. There was suppuration in 3 patients and sinuses were found in 2 patients. Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation centred on lobules.Conclusions: The diagnosis of granulomatous lobular mastitis should be made very carefully to avoid any confusion with malignancy, tuberculosis, fungal infection, sarcoidosis, mammary duct ectasia, cystic changes in breast with over palpation and puerperal mastitis with over palpation. Though it is rare disease, but complete understanding by pathologist and surgeon is required for improving its identification.
A clinicopathological study of multinodular goitre
Authors: Athavale Virendra S. , Thakkar Saurabh M. , Gope Debabrata D. , Tulsian Akriti R. , B. Sree Kumar , Gogineni Jyotsna C.
Published: February 2019

Background: Multinodular goitre (MNG) is a clinicopathological entity characterized by an increased volume of the thyroid gland with formation of nodules. The present study has been planned to study the various clinical presentations and diagnostic accuracy between operative findings and histopathological findings in a case of multinodular goitre.Methods: The present study was a hospital-based prospective study conducted in Dr D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune between July 2016 to September 2018. 100 patients aged between 15 to 75 yrs. clinically diagnosed as multinodular goitre were included.Results: FNAC finding of multinodular goitre in the study group showed colloid goitre was seen in 62 cases, 27 cases had multinodular goitre. 6 cases had neoplastic etiology, 3 cases had Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and 2 cases had papillary carcinoma of thyroid. HPE finding wise distribution showed that 10 cases were malignant, and 90 cases were benign. FNAC finding was significantly associated with histopathological finding in detecting malignant or benign lesion of multinodular thyroid gland and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC is 92%. Clinical finding comparison with operative finding showed that diagnostic accuracy of detecting malignant or benign lesion was only 35%. There was no significant difference among the two methods for detecting type of lesion in multinodular thyroid.Conclusions: Females are predominantly affected. About 8% cases of MNG are malignant. Considering the histopathological report as a gold standard, correlation of FNAC finding with histopathological finding was very much accurate and significant for detecting malignant and benign lesion of multinodular thyroid.
ORGAN NAKLİ VE BAĞIŞI HAKKINDA SAĞLIK ALANI DIŞINDAKİ AKADEMİSYENLERİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Çevik Cahide , Ciğerci Yeliz , Özyürek Pakize , Büyükyörük Sinem Nur , Çakar Kezban , Halat Şeyma
Published: February 2019

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada sağlık alanı dışındaki akademisyen grubunun organ nakli ve bağışı hakkındaki görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmanın etik kurul onayı Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulundan (26.02.2016; 2016/07) alınmıştır. Çalışma kapsamına sağlık alanı dışındaki fakülte ve yüksekokullarda çalışan, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 202 akademisyen çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taranarak hazırlanan, demografik özellikler ile organ nakli ve bağışına yönelik 28 soru içeren anket formu araştırma kapsamına alınan akademisyenlere verilerek cevaplamaları istenmiştir. Sonuçlar SPSS 22.0 programında değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde katılımcı görüşleri frekans ve yüzde dağılımları ile hesaplanmıştır. BULGULAR: Akademisyenlerin %92.6’sı organlarını bağışlamadığını ifade etmiştir. “Sonraki zamanlarda bağışlamayı düşünür müsünüz” sorusuna ise Akademisyenlerin %54’ü bilmiyorum şeklinde cevap vermiştir. Akademisyenlerin %98.5’inin beyin ölümünün tanımını bildiği görülmüştür. Akademisyenlerin %60.4’ü organ bağışının maddi çıkar karşılığında yapıldığına, %52.5’i organ bekleme listelerinde yanlılık olduğuna ve %81.2’si de yasa dışı organ ticareti yapıldığına inandıklarını ifade etmiştir. Akademisyenlerin %44.6’sı ülkemizdeki organ bağış oranlarının düşüklüğünü birinci sırada dinen caiz olmadığı düşüncesine bağlamıştır.SONUÇ: Akademisyenlerin organ bağışlama oranının çok düşük olduğu, ilerleyen zamanlarda bağışlama konusunda kararsız oldukları, organ dağıtımı ile ilgili yanlış düşüncelere sahip oldukları, organ bağış oranlarının düşüklüğünü dinen caiz olmadığı düşüncesine bağladıkları söylenebilir.
EVALUATION OF SUBFOVEAL CHOROIDAL THICKNESS USING SPECTRALIS OCT IN THE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Eroğul Özgür , Eryiğit Eroğul Leyla
Published: February 2019

The present study aimed to compare the choroidal thickness of the patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) with no sign of diabetic retinopathty (DR) in the endocrinology policlinic and with the choroidal thickness of healthy subjects.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were screened at horizontal level using spectral domain optical coherence tomography device (Nidek SLO/Spectral OCT (RS 3000)). Choroidal thickness was measured from a total of seven points in the subfoveal area horizontally at 600μm intervals to a distance of 1200 μm in the nasal and temporal quadrants. The patients with type 1 diabetes were assigned to Group 1 and the control subjects were assigned to Group 2. Patients with corneal opacity, cataract, retinal disease, family history of glaucoma or history of ocular surgery, uncontrolled hypertension, and cardiovascular disorders were excluded.RESULTS: The study comprised 20 eyes of 10 Type 1 DM patients without DR and 16 eyes of eight control subjects. No significant difference was determined between the groups in terms of age, gender, spherical equivalent, best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure and axial length. In Group 1, subfoveal choroidal thickness was 311.6μm in the right eye and 348.7μm in the left eye. In Group 2, subfoveal choroidal thickness was 377.1μm in the right eye and 368.9μm in the left eye. The choroidal thickness has become thinner in the nasal vs. temporal quadrant both in Group 1 and Group 2 (p=0.039). Comparing the choroidal thickness between the groups, it was found to be higher in Group 2, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.214).CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 diabetes mellitus has more aggressive impacts on the eye than those of type 2 diabetes, but it appears to have lower impact on the choroid, which is rich in vascular structure. Although choroidal thickness was determined to be decreased in type 1 diabetes mellitus, the results were not statistically significant. We assume that the results might change in case the data is augmented with larger number of type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. Moreover, manual measurement of choroidal thickness using SD-OCT may give different results.
Development of a new, simple and cost-effective diagnostic tool for genetic screening of hereditary colorectal cancer--the DNA microarray assay.
Authors: Stojcev Zoran , Banasiewicz Tomasz , Kaszuba Michał , Sikorski Adam , Szczepkowski Marek , Bobkiewicz Adam , Paszkowski Jacek , Krokowicz Łukasz , Biczysko Maciej , Szmeja Jacek , Jurkowska Monika , Majewski Przemysław , Mackiewicz Andrzej , Lamperska Katarzyna , Drews Michał , Wojciechowicz Jacek
Published: February 2019

Detection of mutations in families with a hereditary predisposition to colon cancer gives an opportunity to precisely define the high-risk group. 36 patients operated on for colon cancer, with familiar prevalence of this malignancy, were investigated using the DNA microarrays method with the potential detection of 170 mutations in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, CHEK2, and NOD2 genes. In microarrays analysis of DNA in 9 patients (25% of the investigated group), 6 different mutations were found. The effectiveness of genetic screening using the microarray method is comparable to the effectiveness of other, much more expensive and time-consuming methods.
Theoretical model explaining the relationship between the molecular mass and the activation energy of the enzyme revealed by a large-scale analysis of bioinformatics data.
Authors: Pawlowski Piotr H , Zielenkiewicz Piotr
Published: February 2019

A general dependence of the enzyme catalytic rate on its mass was revealed when a statistical analysis of 17065 records from the EMP database was performed. The estimated activation energy of the catalytic process decreases asymptotically with the enzyme molecular mass increase. The proposed theoretical model postulates the existence of an intermediate complex of the enzyme and the departing product. It allows for the explanation of the discovered mass-energy relationship, as an effect of the global enzyme-product interactions during complex dissociation. Fitted parameters of the model seem to be in agreement with those widely accepted for the van der Waals energy of molecular interactions. Their values also agree with the picture of the hydrogen bonding in the catalytic process and suggest that surface walk can be the favorable way of the product departure.
Congenital disorders of glycosylation. Part II. Defects of protein O-glycosylation.
Authors: Cylwik Bogdan , Lipartowska Karina , Chrostek Lech , Gruszewska Ewa
Published: February 2019

Glycosylation is a form of post-translational modification of proteins and occurs in every living cell. The carbohydrate chains attached to the proteins serve various functions. There are two main types of protein glycosylation: N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation. In this paper, we describe the O-glycosylation process and currently known congenital disorders of glycosylation associated with defects of protein O-glycosylation. This process takes place in the cis Golgi apparatus after N-glycosylation and folding of the proteins. The O-glycosylation is essential in the biosynthesis of mucins, the formation of proteoglycan core proteins and blood group proteins. Most common forms of O-glycans are the mucin-type glycans. There are more than 20 known disorders related to O-glycosylation disturbances. We review 8 of the following diseases linked to defects in the synthesis of O-xylosylglycans, O-N acetylgalactosaminylglycans, O-xylosyl/N-acetylglycans, O-mannosylglycans, and O-fucosylglycans: multiple exostoses, progeroid variant of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, progeria, familial tumoral calcinosis, Schneckenbecken dysplasia, Walker-Warburg syndrome, spondylocostal dysostosis type 3, and Peter's plus syndrome. Causes of these diseases include gene mutations and deficiency of proteins (enzymes). Their diagnosis includes syndromic presentation, organ-specific expression and laboratory findings.
Determinants of plasma homocysteine in coal miners.
Authors: Mungan A Görkem , Can Murat , Kiran Sibel , Açikgöz Serefden , Güven Berrak
Published: February 2019

Several studies suggest that coal miners are under risk of severe health problems such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, renal, hematological and musculoskeletal disorders. However, there are limited data on biochemical changes in underground workers. In our study we aimed to evaluate the association between serum homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B12, cystatin C and folate levels in the blood of underground coal miners.
Eighty one coal miners who work as underground or surface workers were recruited into our study. The study population was divided into two groups: the surface worker group (control group, n=33) and the underground worker group (n=48). The folate, vitamin B12, Hcy, cystatin C levels and body mass indexes (BMI) of both groups were measured and compared. Serum folate, Hcy and vitamin B12 levels were measured with a competitive chemiluminescence immunassay. Serum levels of cystatin C were determined by the latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric method using a cystatin C kit. Urea values were measured with a kinetic method on an automated analyzer.
There were no statistically significant differences between the underground workers and surface workers in the urea, cystatin C and vitamin B12 levels. High serum Hcy levels and low folate levels were found in underground workers compared with those in surface workers. The correlation between Hcy and folate levels was also statistically significant. Similarly, there was also a significant correlation between Hcy and vitamin B12, and between Hcy and cystatin C levels.
Elevated Hcy levels may be associated with underground working but further research is necessary to understand the relation between elevated Hcy and increased prevalence of health problems in coal miners.
Homocysteine thiolactone affects protein ubiquitination in yeast.
Authors: Bretes Ewa , Zimny Jarosław
Published: February 2019

The formation of homocysteine thiolactone (HcyTl) from homocysteine occurs in all examined so far organisms including bacteria, yeast, and humans. Protein N-homocysteinylation at the ε-amino group of lysine is an adverse result of HcyTl accumulation. Since tagging of proteins by ubiquitination before their proteasomal degradation takes place at the same residue, we wondered how N-homocysteinylation may affect the ubiquitination of proteins. We used different yeast strains carrying mutations in genes involved in the homocysteine metabolism. We found positive correlation between the concentration of endogenous HcyTl and the concentration of ubiquitinated proteins. This suggests that N-homocysteinylation of proteins apparently does not preclude but rather promotes their decomposition.
AS-30D hepatoma as a model to study on insulin resistance in vitro.
Authors: Wierzbicka-Bregier Katarzyna , Brutkowski Wojciech , Borkowska Anna , Milewski Krzysztof , Zabłocki Krzysztof
Published: February 2019

Studies on insulin resistance of liver cells are often performed with the use of various hepatoma cell lines. Such an approach allows investigating selected biochemical pathways at the cellular level. However, possible modifications of metabolic processes due to the neoplastic nature of such cells must be considered. Expanding the diversity of hepatoma cell lines used in metabolic studies could deliver new data for comparison with those obtained for other cell lines and should reduce the risk of misleading conclusions. In this study rat hepatoma AS-30D cells were tested as a potential model for studies on palmitate-induced insulin resistance. It was found that insulin-induced Akt kinase phosphorylation was substantially reduced in cells incubated with palmitate at a concentration as low as 75 µM. This effect was not accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation or increased Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. Moreover, preincubation of AS-30D cells with rosiglitazone, an antidiabetic agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), efficiently prevented the palmitate-induced insulin resistance. We conclude that AS-30D hepatoma cells may be used as a model sensitive to insulin and vulnerable to palmitate-induced insulin resistance.
Permeation of iodide from iodine-enriched yeast through porcine intestine.
Authors: Ryszka Florian , Dolińska Barbara , Zieliński Michał , Chyra Dagmara , Dobrzański Zbigniew
Published: February 2019

Iodine deficiency is a common phenomenon, threatening the whole global human population. Recommended daily intake of iodine is 150 μg for adults and 250 μg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. About 50% of human population can be at risk of moderate iodine deficiency. Due to this fact, increased iodine supplementation is recommended, through intake of iodized mineral water and salt iodization. The aim of this study was to investigate permeation and absorption of iodide from iodine bioplex (experimental group) in comparison with potassium iodide (controls). Permeation and absorption processes were investigated in vitro using a porcine intestine. The experimental model was based on a standard Franz diffusion cell (FD-Cell). The iodine bioplex was produced using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and whey powder: iodine content - 388 μg/g, total protein - 28.5%, total fat - 0.9%., glutamic acid - 41.2%, asparaginic acid - 29.4%, lysine - 24.8%; purchased from: F.Z.N.P. Biochefa, Sosnowiec, Poland. Potassium iodide was used as controls, at 388 μg iodine concentration, which was the same as in iodine-enriched yeast bioplex. A statistically significant increase in iodide permeation was observed for iodine-enriched yeast bioplex in comparison with controls - potassium iodide. After 5h the total amount of permeated iodide from iodine-enriched yeast bioplex was 85%, which is ~ 2-fold higher than controls - 37%. Iodide absorption was by contrast statistically significantly higher in controls - 7.3%, in comparison with 4.5% in experimental group with iodine-enriched yeast bioplex. Presented results show that iodide permeation process dominates over absorption in case of iodine-enriched yeast bioplex.
The use of oak chips and coconut fiber as biofilter media to remove vocs in rendering process.
Authors: Tymczyna Leszek , Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska Anna , Paluszak Zbigniew , Dobrowolska Magadalena , Banach Marcin , Pulit Jolanta
Published: February 2019

The study evaluated the effectiveness of air biofiltration in rendering plants. The biofilter material comprised compost soil (40%) and peat (40%) mixed up with coconut fiber (medium A) and oak bark (medium B). During biofiltration average VOCs reduction reached 88.4% for medium A and 89.7% for medium B. A positive relationship of aldehyde reduction from material humidity (r = 0.502; α
Pig manure treatment by filtration.
Authors: Kowalski Zygmunt , Makara Agnieszka , Matýsek Dalibor , Hoffmann Józef , Hoffmann Krystyna
Published: February 2019

A study of new pig manure treatment and filtration process was carried out. The advantage of the worked out technology is the method of incorporation of crystalline phase into solid organic part of manure. The obtained new solid phase of manure contains about 50% of crystalline phase forming a filtration aid that enables high effectiveness of manure filtration. The filtration rate of manure separation into solid and liquid fractions with pressure filter may achieve 1300-3000 kg/m(2)/h. The method makes it possible to maintain an overall average pollutant removal performance 90% for the chemical oxygen demand COD, > 99% for the suspended solids SS, to 47% for the total nitrogen content. The obtained results showed that the proposed technology being efficient and simple offers a possible solution to pig manure problems.
A novel matrix for hydrophobic interaction chromatography and its application in lysozyme adsorption.
Authors: Gedikli Mehmet , Ceylan Şeyda , Erzengin Mahmut , Odabaşı Mehmet
Published: February 2019

A novel 1-naphthylamine (NA) coupled poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester) [NA-PHEMAH] supermacroporous monolithic hydrophobic cryogel was prepared via covalent coupling of NA to PHEMAH for adsorption of lysozyme from aqueous solution. Firstly, PHEMAH monolithic cryogel was prepared by radical cryocopolymerization of HEMA with MAH as a functional comonomer and N,N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBAAm) as a crosslinker directly in a plastic syringe, and then NA molecules were covalently attached to the imidazole rings of MAH groups of the polymeric structure. The prepared, NA-PHEMAH, supermacroporous monolithic hydrophobic cryogel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of initial lysozyme concentration, pH, salt type, temperature and flow rate on the adsorption efficiency of monolithic hydrophobic cryogel were studied in a column system. The maximum amount of lysozyme adsorption from aqueous solution in phosphate buffer was 86.1 mg/g polymer at pH 8.0 with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. It was observed that lysozyme could be repeatedly adsorbed and desorbed with the NA-PHEMAH monolithic hydrophobic cryogel without significant loss of the adsorption capacity.
Association between polymorphisms in CHRNA3 and PHACTR2 gene and environment and NSCLC risk in Chinese population.
Authors: Lou Guangyuan , Zhang Yongjun , Bao Wenlong , Deng Dehou
Published: February 2019

Aims. This study aimed to investigate CHRNA3 (rs8040868) and PHACTR2 (rs9390123) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for association with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk in a Chinese population, and whether the environment affects the genetic polymorphisms. Methods. This case and control study included 500 NSCLC patients and 500 age-matched healthy controls. CHRNA3 (rs8040868) and PHACTR2 (rs9390123) SNPs were genotyped and associated for NSCLC risk by computing the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval from multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses with adjustment of age. Results. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of CHRNA3 (rs8040868) and PHACTR2 (rs9390123) was 0.350 (C) and 0.397 (C), respectively. The frequencies of genotype and allele in CHRNA3 (rs8040868) and PHACTR2 (rs9390123) were not significantly different between the cases and controls, or between either of the subgroups. Conclusion. Although rs8040868 and rs9390123 SNPs are not associated with NSCLC risk in Chinese population, the results strongly suggest that geographical agents interact with human genetic polymorphism independent of ethnic background.
Antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) leaves on Salmonella typhimurium and Mus musculus.
Authors: Akinboro Akeem , Bin Mohamed Kamaruzaman , Asmawi Mohd Zaini , Yekeen Taofeek A
Published: February 2019

Natural plant extracts offer a promising hope in the prevention/treatment of cancer arising from genetic mutations. This study evaluated in vitro and in vivo mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of Myristica fragrans (AFMF) leaves on TA100 strain of Salmonella typhimurium and Mus musculus (Male Swiss albino mice), respectively. The antioxidant activity of AFMF against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined, followed by its phytochemical elucidation using the Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography technique (UPLC). The mutagenicity of AFMF at 4, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 µg/well was