bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação especial nas escolas federais de EPT de Santa Maria: desafios da pandemia Covid
Authors: Maraschin Mariglei Severo , Brancher Vantoir Roberto , Filho César Augusto Robaina
Published: December 2022

Esta pesquisa qualitativa exploratória objetiva relatar os desafios da inclusão dos estudantes público-alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE) nas escolas federais de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica do município de Santa Maria, durante o período pandêmico. Para tanto foram escolhidos como sujeitos seis gestores de ensino e como instrumentos o grupo focal e grupo de interlocução. Constatou-se que a pandemia Covid-19 representou um grande desafio, havendo perda de contato com alguns estudantes; diminuição de ações inclusivas em uma das instituições, embora ela tenha recebido dois estudantes nesse período, Contudo, tais instituições se esforçaram para manter esses estudantes ativos em suas aulas e cursos, realizando reuniões, criando grupos de WhatsApp, disponibilizando intérpretes para os estudantes surdos, aulas gravadas, e os professores identificaram as necessidades dos estudantes PAEE, sem que esse apresentasse um atestado com CID.
Lukutaitojen tutkimusta ja monenlaista muuta – katsaus informaatiotutkimuksen opetukseen ja tutkimukseen Oulun yliopistossa
Authors: Holopainen Mika
Published: December 2022

Erilaiset lukutaidot ovat vahvasti edustettuina Oulun yliopiston informaatiotutkimuksen opetuksessa ja tutkimuksessa. Informaatiolukutaidon lisäksi tutkimusta tehdään muun muassa terveystiedon ja energiatiedon lukutaitojen parissa. Oulun kurssitarjonnassa on pyritty huomioimaan myös korkeakoulukirjastojen uusiin palveluihin liittyviä osaamistarpeita.
Tutkimuksen tuki yhdistää kirjastoja Euroopan reunalta toiselle
Authors: Rintamäki Katri , Pietilä Maria
Published: December 2022

Eurooppalaiset yliopistoverkostot edistävät yliopistojen kansainvälistä yhteistyötä koulutuksessa, tutkimuksessa ja innovaatiotoiminnassa. Samalla verkostot luovat yliopistojen henkilöstölle mahdollisuuksia kansainväliseen liikkuvuuteen, yhteistyöhön ja kokemusten vaihtamiseen. Tutustuimme henkilöstövaihtovierailulla Carlos III de Madrid -yliopiston kirjaston tarjoamiin palveluihin Madridissa. Lisäksi osallistuimme STI — International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators -konferenssiin Granadassa.
SV - VLSP 2021: Combine Attentive Statistical Pooling-based Xvector and Pretrained ECAPA-TDNN for Vietnamese Text-Independent Speaker Verification
Authors: Thang Ta Bao , Binh Huynh Thi Thanh
Published: December 2022

Recently, Xvectors and ECAPA-TDNN have been considered state-of-the-art models in designing speaker verification systems. This paper proposes a novel approach that combines Attentive statistic pooling-based Xvector and pre-trained ECAPA-TDNN for Vietnamese speaker verification. Experiments are conducted on various recent Vietnamese speech datasets. The results portrayed that our proposed combination outperformed all constitutive models with 4% to 37% relative EER improvement and ranked second place in Task 2 of the 2021 VLSP Speaker Verification competition.
VLSP 2021 - VieCap4H Challenge: Automatic Image Caption Generation for Healthcare Domain in Vietnamese
Authors: Le Thao Minh , Dang Long Hoang , Nguyen Thanh-Son , Nguyen Huyen , Vu Xuan-Son
Published: December 2022

This paper presents VieCap4H, a grand data challenge on automatic image caption generation for the healthcare domain in Vietnamese. VieCap4H is held as part of the eighth annual workshop on VietnameseLanguage and Speech Processing (VLSP 2021). The task is considered as an image captioning task. Given a static image, mostly about healthcare-related scenarios, participants are asked to design machine learning methods to generate natural language captions in Vietnamese to describe the visual content of the image. We introduce VieCap4H, a novel human-annotated image captioning dataset in Vietnamese that contains over 10,000 image-caption pairs collected from real-world scenarios in the healthcare domain. All the models proposed by the challenge participants are evaluated using BLEU scores against groundtruths. The challenge was run on AIHUB.VN platform. Within less than two months, the challenge has attracted over 90 individual participants and recorded more than 900 valid submissions.
TTS - VLSP 2021: Development of Smartcall Vietnamese Text-to-Speech
Authors: Quoc Bao Nguyen , Hoai Le Ba , Hoc Nguyen Van , Quyen Dam Ba , Phuong Nguyen Thu
Published: December 2022

Recent advances in deep learning facilitate the development of end-to-end Vietnamese text-to-speech (TTS) systems with high intelligibility and naturalness in the presence of a clean training corpus. Given a rich source of audio recording data on the Internet, TTS has excellent potential for growth if it can take advantage of this data source. However, the quality of these data is often not sufficient for training TTS systems, e.g., noisy audio. In this paper, we propose an approach that preprocesses noisy found data on the Internet and trains a high-quality TTS model on the processed data. The VLSP-provided training data was thoroughly preprocessed using 1) voice activity detection, 2) automatic speech recognition-based prosodic punctuation insertion, and 3) Spleeter, source separation tool, for separating voice from background music. Moreover, we utilize a state-of-the-art TTS system that takes advantage of the Conditional Variational Autoencoder with the Adversarial Learning model. Our experiment showed that the proposed TTS system trained on the preprocessed data achieved a good result on the provided noisy dataset.
VLSP 2021 - TTS Challenge: Vietnamese Spontaneous Speech Synthesis
Authors: Trang Nguyen Thi Thu , Nguyen Hoang Ky
Published: December 2022

Text-To-Speech (TTS) was one of nine shared tasks in the eighth annual international VLSP 2021 workshop. All three previous TTS shared tasks were conducted on reading datasets. However, the synthetic voices were not natural enough for spoken dialog systems where the computer must talk to the human in a conversation. Speech datasets recorded in a spontaneous environment help a TTS system to produce more natural voices in speaking style, speaking rate, intonation... Therefore, in this shared task, participants were asked to build a TTS system from a spontaneous speech dataset. This 7.5-hour dataset was collected from a channel of a famous youtuber "Giang ơi..."and then pre-processed to build utterances and their corresponding texts. Main challenges at this task this year were: (i) inconsistency in speaking rate, intensity, stress and prosody across the dataset, (ii) background noises or mixed with other voices, and (iii) inaccurate transcripts. A total of 43 teams registered to participate in this shared task, and finally, 8 submissions were evaluated online with perceptual tests. Two types of perceptual tests were conducted: (i) MOS test for naturalness and (ii) SUS (Semantically Unpredictable Sentences) test for intelligibility. The best SUS intelligibility TTS system had a syllable error rate of 15%, while the best MOS score on dialog utterances was 3.98 over 4.54 points on a 5-point MOS scale. The prosody and speaking rate of synthetic voices were similar to the natural one. However, there were still some distorted segments and background noises in most of TTS systems, a half of which had a syllable error rate of at least 30%.
VLSP 2021 - NER Challenge: Named Entity Recognition for Vietnamese
Authors: Linh Ha My , Dao Do Duy , Huyen Nguyen Thi Minh , Quyen Ngo The , Dung Doan Xuan
Published: December 2022

Named entities (NE) are phrases that contain the names of persons, organizations, locations, times, quantities, email, phone number, etc., in a document. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental task that is useful in many applications, especially in information extraction and question answering. Shared tasks on NER provides several reference datasets in many languages. In the 2016 and 2018 editions of the VLSP workshop series, reference NER datasets have been published with only three main entity categories: person, organization and location. At the VLSP 2021 workshop, another challenge on NER is organized for dealing with an extended set of 14 main entity types and 26 sub-entity types. This paper describes the published datasets and the evaluated systems in the framework of the VLSP 2021 evaluation campaign.
الخطاب الاسلامي المعتدل مفهومه وخصائصه ووظائفه والتحديات التي تواجه
Authors: Mohammed Wael Abdulkarim , Yousef Hussein Jassim
Published: December 2022

الخطاب الاسلامي خطاب عظيم يتضمن مصالح العباد في الدنيا والاخرة , وينظم علاقاتهم , ويهيمن على سلوكياتهم وتصرفاتهم وانفعالاتهم , كما ويحكم من خلاله على مستوى ثقافتهم وميولهم .
          كان الخطاب الاسلامي هو المحور الأول في ضبط العلاقات والسلوكيات فيما بين العباد ببعضهم , وكذلك علاقتهم بخالقهم , وأيضاً علاقة الانسان بمحيطه وبيئته , في سلمه وحربه , وظل صافياً نقياً الى أن هيمن عليه بعض المنتسبين الى الاسلام , واحتله من لا يحسنه , لذا تطلب تحريره وعودته الى اصالته ونقاوته , وسطوح حقيقته ومحتواه وهدفه , وتحرير وسائله وما يتعلق به .
          ومن هنا كان هذا البحث معالجتة أولية لتصحيح مساره ونفض الغبار عنه , مع ابراز اهم محاسنه.
التباين المكاني لتوزيع سكان ريف محافظة بغداد لعامي 1997-2018
Authors: Kareem Wasan
Published: December 2022

تناول هذا البحث التباينات المكانية لسكان الريف في محافظة بغداد لعامي 1997 – 2018 من ذا التوزيع ومعدلات النمو والكثافة السكانية والتركز السكاني وانماط التوزيع فبالرجوع الى منطقة الدراسة خلال تلك المدة يلاحظ الاحداث التي تعرضت لها من الناحية السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية والعسكرية التي اثرت بشكل مباشر على الوحدات الريفية التي يقطنها سكان الريف وادى ذلك الى تباينهم المكاني خلال عامي البحث وعليه هدف البحث الى كشف تلك التباينات التي حصلت لسكان الريف وتتبع بعديها الزماني والمكاني مما يكسب البحث اهميته اتباع الاساليب الاحصائية في بحث وتقصي الظاهرة قيد الدراسة .
التحليل الاحصائي لأثار الجفاف والتنبؤ به وتصنيفه في محافظة صلاح الدين
Authors: Sab,y Ali Mukhlif , Mohammed Ashwaq Abdul Karim
Published: December 2022

تتطلب الطرق الاحصائية توفر بيانات مناخية لمدة طويلة لا تقل عن 30 سنة ومن تلك البيانات يمكن حساب المعدل والانحراف المعياري ومعامل الاختلاف ونسب التذبذب واحتمالات تكرار الظواهر المناخية لما لها من فائدة في التنبؤ المناخي, ويعد الاسلوب ا لكمي من افضل الاساليب العلمية في الدراسات الجغرافية لمعرفة اثر متغير واحد او أكثر على ظاهرة محددة او عدة ظواهر
     ولغرض الوصول إلى الدقة العلمية والوقوف على حقيقة تأثير المتغيرات المناخية على حدوث ظاهرة الجفاف سوف يتم حساب وقياس معامل التذبذب في كمية الأمطار كونها تعد العامل الاساس  في تحديد صفة الجفاف في المنطقة وكذلك استخدام معامل الارتباط (بيرسون) لمعرفة العلاقة بين ظاهرة الجفاف والعناصر المناخية (السطوع الشمسي, ودرجة الحرارة, وكمية التساقط, والرطوبة النسبية, والتبخر /النتح) , كما سيتم استخراج السنوات الجافة التي يقل فيها المجموع المطري للأشهر المطرية عن المعدل بنصف الانحراف المعياري او اقل منه أما السنة التي تزيد فيها الأمطار عن هذا الحد فتعتبر سنة رطبة دون الاهتمام بالانتظام في التوزيع المكاني للأمطار ومن دون الاهتمام بتأثير التبخر/النتح ثم تطبيق قانون الاحتمالية لإمكانية التنبؤ المستقبلي بحدوث سنوات الجفاف ومن ثم القيام بتصنيف الجفاف في محطات منطقة الدراسة .
موقف الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية من أزمة الرهائن في لبنان 1985–1986
Authors: Ali K. Hassan , SWAILEH FIRAS WASMI
Published: December 2022

كانت لبنان محور صراعات إقليمية دولية إذ كانت الأحداث تتسارع فيها وأصبحت في دائرة اهتمام سوريا من جديد بعد إسقاط الاتفاق الثلاثي عام 1984، وكانت ردة فعل المقاومة الإسلامية في لبنان بعد انفجار سيارة ملغومة القيام باختطاف جفري ناش(Jeffrey Nash)، وكانت ردة فعل سوريا على تلك الحادثة أن شجبت ذلك العمل، وعدَّ الرئيس حافظ الأسد الخاطفون أناساً يضرون بالقضية العربية، ولم يسمح لأعضاء المقاومة الإسلامية في لبنان بدخول سوريا، ومارس الرئيس الأسد في ظل تلك الظروف ضغوطاً على الأمريكيين والفرنسيين، إذ وقف مع إيران أثناء مفاوضاتها لإطلاق سراح الرهائن.
أثر استراتيجية (PQ4R) في إكتساب المفاهيم الاسلامية وتنمية مهارات الاستقصاء لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة في العراق
Authors: Zbar Khaled Taha
Published: December 2022

أستهدفت هذه الدِّراسة التعرُّف أثر استراتيجية (PQ4R) في إكتساب المفاهيم الاسلامية وتنمية مهارات الاستقصاء لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة في العراق". ولتحقيق هدف الدِّراسة، أتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي وشبه التَّجريبي في الدِّراسة، اشتملت عينة الدِّراسة على (88) طالباً وطالبة من طلبة الصَّف الثالث المتوسط، بلغ عدد الذكور(44) طالباً، وبلغ عدد الاناث (44) تمَّ اختيارهم بالطَّريقة العشوائية، من مدرستي بدر الكبرى للبنين ومدرسة الانفال للبنات التَّابعتين لمديرية تربية الأنبار للعام الدِّراسي 2019/2018 .
    للإجابة عن أسئلة الدِّراسة، أعدَّ الباحث اختباراً في مهارات الاستقصاء من نوع الاسئلة المقالية تكون من (10) فقرات، طبق الاختبار على عينة الدِّراسة بعد التَّحقق من صدقه وثباته، واستخرج الباحث المتوسطات الحسابيِّة والانحرافات المعياريِّة وتطبيق تحليل التَّباين الأُحادي والثُّنائي المصاحب، وأختبار شفيه(Scheffe) للمجموعتين. وقد أَظهرت الدِّراسة النَّتائج الآتية: وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لأثر استراتيجية التَّدريس لصالح المجموعة التَّجريبية التي دُرِّست باستخدام استراتيجية (PQ4R). وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إِحصائية بين مجموعتي الدِّراسة تعزى لأثر الجنس لمستوى مهارات الاستقصاء لدى طلبة الصَّف الثالث المتوسط.
Numerical Design Studies on the Roll Stability of a Multi-Delta-Wing Configuration
Authors: Schütte Andreas , Hummel Dietrich
Published: December 2022

The current investigations look at the vortical flow physics and aerodynamic performance of a generic sharp leading-edge multi-delta-wing configuration. This work is part of the DLR project Diabolo looking at technologies and design requirements for next-generation fighter aircraft. The core of the investigation is a common planform geometry to demonstrate the design capability needed. Based on the initial planform, several design tasks in different domains have to be conducted. The present paper is dealing with the aerodynamic task to evaluate the effect of vortex interaction over the configuration progressing from the forebody, strakes, and main wing at asymmetric on flow conditions. The focus is on the roll stability at medium to high angle of attack. The aim is to find a planform and control surface setup which effects the vortex interaction on the main wing in a way to provide a stable aerodynamic roll without taking vertical and horizontal tail planes into consideration at this stage.
Az energetikai minősítés hatása a kínálati lakásárakra és hitelkamatokra
Authors: Hajnal Gábor , Palicz Alexandr Maxim , Winkler Sándor
Published: December 2022

Az ingatlanpiac kardinális eleme a zöld átállásnak, ezért érdemes megvizsgálni, hogy milyen árazással és finanszírozási költséggel érhetők el a korszerű lakóingatlanok Magyarországon. Tanulmányunkban egyrészt azt vizsgáljuk, hogy kimutatható-e szignifikáns árprémium a zöld ingatlanokra a budapesti új építésű lakásprojektek alapján, másrészt hogy a bankok alacsonyabb kamatszint mellett finanszírozzák-e a korszerűbb energetikával felszerelt lakóingatlanokat. Regressziós becslésünk alapján a zöld árprémium egyértelműen kimutatható a fővárosi új lakások piacán: a BB vagy jobb energetikai besorolással rendelkező lakások átlagosan 5,1 százalékkal drágábbak, mint a CC energetikai besorolású lakások. A lakáshitelek kamatlábára vonatkozó becslésünk alapján a CC-nél magasabb tanúsítvány kategóriájú ingatlanok finanszírozására nyújtott hitelek kamatlábára vonatkozóan nem azonosítható szignifikáns eltérés a CC tanúsítvánnyal rendelkező ingatlanokra nyújtott hitelek kamatlábához képest, azaz a bankok jelenleg még nem érvényesítik az energetikai szempontokat a hitelek árazásában.
Features of nutrition of women and children in Ishim district of Omsk region during the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Frolova A. A.
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the features of catering in the Ishim district of the Omsk region during the Great Patriotic War. The author considers the issue of supplying the inhabitants of the home front with food products, as well as models of women’s way out of the situation of the food crisis. The source base on this topic includes the materials of the Ishim archive, as well as materials of oral history in the form of memoirs of contemporaries. Among the office documentation stored in the Ishim archive, reports and minutes of meetings of the City Council of People’s Deputies, which reflect the official level of perception of everyday problems, are of particular interest. Sources of personal origin provide an opportunity to more deeply understand events at the individual level. The periodical press presented by the local newspaper «Hammer and Sickle» helps to reconstruct the picture of everyday life of the Ishim people during the Great Patriotic War. Despite the subjectivity of the sources, based on the memories of the participants in the events, one can draw up a single picture of everyday life, identify the features of this period. The author uses a historical-everyday approach, a historical-anthropological approach. As part of the study, methods of oral history are used. The author comes to the conclusion that the everyday life of citizens during the Great Patriotic War has been insufficiently studied. The article focuses on catering in the city of Ishim, and also shows the models of the population’s way out of the food crisis situation. In addition, the article reveals the issue of the influence of the natural-geographical factor on the daily life of the population of the Ishim region.
Considerable characteristic of second plan of the history of Aristotelian society
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Efremova V. S.
Published: December 2022

The article presents a study of the first stage of the formation of the Aristotelian Society. Unlike works devoted to the development and study of the meaning of the Society in the general historical and philosophical context, in this article the focus is on the group of scholars and amateurs left without close attention, which formed its ‘network’ basis. The qualitative growth of the membership of the Society, the leveling of the most negative aspects of the manifestation of the Matthew effect, strong local traditions — all these factors played an important role in the history of the development of the Society.
Russell and Wittgenstein: apprenticeship and other ‘crossings’
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tselishchev V. V.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the traditional interpretation for the development of personal and intellectual relations between Russell and Wittgenstein in the light of the publication of materials from the Russell Archive. The mythology of the traditional interpretation of the development and collaboration of Wittgenstein and Russell is demonstrated and criticized. A more complex trajectory of the development of these relations is shown, which does not correspond to the traditional interpretation, according to which this development led to a kind of intellectual and creative surrender of Russell to his former student.
Development of means of combating armored vehicles at the forefront of defense. The first half of the 1930s. Based on the materials of the Soviet military press
Authors:   Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Novikov M. S.
Published: December 2022

In the article on the materials of the military press of the first half of the 1930s. the author analyzes the change in views on the fight against armored vehicles in the specified period. The author considers the main addition and alternatives to anti-tank guns, which were popular with military theorists considering the issues of countering armored vehicles at a distance of up to a kilometer. In the course of his work, the author considers proposals on the tactical and technical aspects of using various types of grenades against armored vehicles, mines, bi-calibre artillery system, heavy machine guns, automatic guns received from both foreign and domestic experts. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in the USSR in the first half of the 1930s. the military leadership quickly came to the conclusion that anti-tank guns were needed to fight tanks, and grenades and mines could play a very limited role in the fight against armored vehicles. While outside the USSR, heavy machine guns, automatic guns, field artillery guns continued to be considered as anti-tank weapons. Thus, we can say that in the USSR the conceptual awareness of the vector of counteraction to armored vehicles occurred earlier than in Germany, France, the British Empire, the United States of America and Poland.
On the issue of planning and preparation of Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive operation in Arctic
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Shaidorov A. V.
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the issues of preparation of the Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive operation on October 7–29, 1944. Based on the study of domestic and foreign literature, an analysis of the prerequisites, stages of the operation at the time of its planning, as well as the features of the use of troops at the beginning of the operation is presented. The composition of the forces and means of the opposing sides is revealed. The tasks of the parts at the initial stage of the operation are disclosed.
New documents on the arrest of family of General N. N. Stogov in 1919
Authors:   Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ganin A. V.
Published: December 2022

The publication touches upon the issue of political and social embedding in the conditions of Soviet Russia of representatives of the former generals and the General Staff of the Russian Imperial Army and members of their families, which is relevant in modern Russian historiography. In order to expand ideas on the designated topic, this paper for the first time introduces into scientific circulation the materials of the archival and investigative case against the family members of the head of the white underground in Moscow, General N. N. Stogov. The study, which is theoretically based on a biographical method, sheds light on the features of the repressive practice of the Cheka during the Civil War and on the history of the confrontation between the Chekists and the white underground in Moscow. The work is addressed to researchers of the events of the Revolution and the Civil War in Russia, military, social and political history.
Memória, consciência e perdão
Authors: Dentz Júnior René Armand
Published: December 2022

A questão da origem do sujeito, a partir de uma abordagem estritamente fenomenológica, Ricoeur acrescenta a problemática da falta e sua superação, sua libertação por meio do perdão. Para ele, as questões de origem do sujeito e da origem do perdão são inseparáveis: a indagação da identidade “quem eu sou?” teria por consequência a do perdão, “como eu posso efetivamente ser livre?”. Sua descrição teórica da vontade evidencia a estrutura da liberdade própria ao homem, sendo esta a condição de toda responsabilidade humana, sobre a qual se estruturará a culpabilidade, a qual, segundo Ricoeur nenhum homem escapa, pois torna-se a liberdade reduzida em escravidão. Reencontramos a situação do culpado descrita anteriormente, alargada à toda a humanidade, culpável, trazendo inerência à sua liberdade. Para tanto, ela não é destruída, ela se transforma em esperança de libertação. É precisamente isso que os mitos dizem ao homem: o mito da inocência é o desejo, a coragem e a experiência imaginária que sustentam a descrição eidética do voluntário e do involuntário. A abordagem que Ricoeur faz sobre o perdão, tem como síntese a memória, a história e o esquecimento, ou seja, trata-se de uma retomada da fase fenomenológica do autor, reafirmando sua existência e importância, mesmo em seus momentos mais “hermenêuticos”.
Reginaldo Veloso: a Teologia como inserção profética
Authors: Barros Marcelo
Published: December 2022

A figura profética de Reginaldo Veloso tem sido vista a partir de diversos ângulos. Esse artigo convida seus leitores a resgatarem uma antiga concepção de teologia na Igreja, permitindo valorizar na vida e na militância de Reginaldo Veloso, um ministério teológico sapiencial que foi básico para os primeiros tempos da Teologia da Libertação. Esse ministério, que nas primeiras Igrejas era considerado como dos doutores, (Cf. 1Cor 12,28- 29 e Ef 4,11) foi vivido por pessoas como Reginaldo como assessor e teólogo das bases.
Encontrando as metáforas certas
Authors: Incerti Fabiano , Candido Douglas Borges
Published: December 2022

A busca pelas palavras mais adequadas para descrever a pós-modernidade é um desafio tão difícil quanto tentar compreendê-la. Por isso, por meio de metáforas, o filósofo e sociólogo Michel Maffesoli encontra maneiras de dizê-la menos judicativas, dirimindo ao máximo, possíveis projeções ou distorções sobre esse novo cenário. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo explora dois pontos do pensamento de Karl Popper que visam contribuir com a caracterização de traços gerais do cenário pós-moderno. O primeiro deles consiste no uso da metáfora ‘Das nuvens e relógios’. Ela será um recurso que examinaremos comparativamente para demonstrar alguns elementos que nos possibilitem levantar uma circunscrição possível sobre a pós-modernidade. Dessa perspectiva mais compreensiva do que projetiva, emerge nosso segundo ponto, a noção de demarcação científica que deve ser explorada a partir do pensamento popperiano. Ela deve nos auxiliar a construir uma crítica tanto ao determinismo que paira sobre as Ciências Sociais, quanto ao saber instituído que, por meio de uma atitude dogmática, impede leituras mais refinadas e atentas à realidade social.
Fatores Associados à Doença Renal Crônica em Pacientes com HIV/AIDS
Authors: Freitas Cíntia Simões de , Almeida Mariana de Alcântara , Nacif Carolina Oliveira , Corrêa Fábio Henrique , Guimarães Maria Clara Vargas , Bianchetti Larissa de Oliveira , Silva Janine Mayra da , Fernandes Herbet José
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer os fatores associados à doença renal crônica (DRC) em pacientes com HIV/AIDS em uso de terapia antirretroviral (TARV) assistidos em um ambulatório em um município de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, de análise de informações de prontuários dos pacientes em acompanhamento no serviço em um período de 10 anos, considerando os fatores associados para o desenvolvimento de DRC. O trabalho foi submetido e aprovado pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do município e ao comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Na amostra analisada, houve correlação significante da nefrotoxicidade com sexo biológico, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia, acompanhamento com nefrologista, hemodiálise e alteração dos elementos anormais de sedimentação. As demais variáveis, Diabetes Mellitus, tabagismo, etilismo, doença cardiovascular, litíase, infecção urinária, hepatite B e C e transplante renal, no presente ensaio, não demonstraram correlação com TARV nefrotóxica como evidenciado na literatura. Conclusão: Fatores já evidenciados de estarem relacionados com DRC, como hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia, sexo biológico, alteração dos elementos anormais de sedimentação, acompanhamento com nefrologista e hemodiálise foram associados com TARV nefrotóxica e consequente DRC na amostra estudada.
Tratamento do glaucoma associado à hipertensão ocular: síntese de evidências
Authors: Savian Tiago Rezende , Sakashita Saulo Yudi , Góes Lucas Brandão Damasceno , Almeida Carolina Brito de , Santos Junio Wenistay , Alves Pedro Henrique Fragoso , Silva Raphael Macedo de Melo , Victor Beatriz Queiroga , Ribeiro Guilherme Vita Pôncio de Lacerda , Sabage Giovanna
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre os tratamentos para o glaucoma associado à hipertensão ocular. Revisão bibliográfica: O tratamento padrão para glaucoma e hipertensão ocular é realizado principalmente via monoterapia tópica (uso de colírios), especialmente com análogos de prostaglandina (como latanoprosta, latanoprosteno e tafluprosta). Dentro deste contexto, tais colírios em suas versões sem conservantes possuem, no geral, maior tolerabilidade, segurança, e o mesmo efeito desejado que suas versões com conservantes. Além dos análogos de prostaglandinas, o tratamento do glaucoma e hipertensão ocular também pode ser realizado com monoterapias de betabloqueadores tópicos (timolol e betaxolol), embora tenha sido demonstrada sua inferioridade em relação às prostaglandinas. Outro achado importante foi que os resultados em longo prazo da trabeculoplastia, se comparados com o uso de colírios, seriam melhores e com melhor custo-efetividade do que o tratamento padrão. Considerações finais: Com base nos achados desta revisão, sugere-se a realização de ensaios clínicos envolvendo os tratamentos citados, buscando evidências científicas robustas de sua eficácia no tratamento da hipertensão ocular.
Endoscopic intradural extramedullary lesion excision: Results of augmented duroplasty with artificial dura
Authors: Mehrotra Anant , Kumar Ashutosh , Raiyani Vandan , Singh Ranapratap , Verma Pawan Kumar , Das Kuntal Kanti , Jaiswal Awadhesh Kumar , Kumar Raj
Published: December 2022

Objectives:

Prevailing techniques of dural closure in endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) for intradural extramedullary (IDEM) tumor excision increase the steep learning curve and operative time. We aimed to assess the efficacy of augmented duroplasty with artificial dura and share our initial experience of ESS for IDEM excision.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 18 (n = 18) consecutive patients of IDEM tumors operated by ESS using Destandau’s endoscopic system. The pre-operative, post-operative, and at the latest follow-up clinical status were recorded in terms of Nurick’s grades and the Oswestry Disability Index. Immediate post-operative complications and intraoperative findings were noted from hospital information system and patient records.

Results:

The mean (± SD) age of patients was 40.3 ± 14.9 (range 19–64) years, with M: F ratio of 2:1. All the lesions were intradural and present at lumber (n = 6), thoracic (n = 9), and cervical (n = 3) regions. The average duration of surgery, blood loss, hospital stay, and duration of follow-up were 157 ± 45.3 (90–240) min, 168.8 ± 78.8 (30–300) mL, 4.29 ± 1.4 (2–7) days, and 19.3 ± 7.2 (7–36) months, respectively. There were no CSF leaks, wound-related complications, or material-induced adverse events.

Conclusion:

In endoscopic IDEM excision, dural closure with artificial dura is efficient in preventing CSF leak. It shortens the steep learning curve and improves the surgical outcome due to technical ease.
Meningioma: Is apparent diffusion coefficient value of any importance? A study from the tertiary care center
Authors: Sahu Samaresh , Maheshwari Saurabh , Bhattacharjee Saikat , Maria Vibhuti , Mendiratta Pushkar , Kumar Rakesh
Published: December 2022

Objectives:

Meningiomas are one of the most common intracranial tumors accounting for 14–20% of all intracranial tumors. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) along with the calculation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is a novel, non-invasive, and reliable technique of choice for the pre-operative assessment and the treatment planning of different types of meningiomas. Our study aimed to correlate the ADC values of meningiomas with their histopathological grade.

Materials and Methods:

We studied 21 patients with meningioma. These were initially diagnosed on imaging and confirmed on histopathology. We calculated the normalized ADC (NADC) values from the DWI of their lesion. NADC values and atypical morphological features were utilized to type the meningiomas as typical or atypical. These findings were correlated with histopathological reports of grading of meningioma.

Results:

There was no significant correlation between the grades of meningioma and the ADC values. The normalized ADC values varied from 0.14 to 1.37 × 10−3 mm2/s for Gr I meningioma in our series and most of our cases fell in this category of meningioma. We had a solitary case of Gr-II meningioma and the ADC value for this lesion was 1.26 × 10−3 mm2/s.

Conclusion:

Meningiomas are a common group of tumors in the brain with a quest to characterize the grades preoperatively on imaging. The NADC is a better method as compared to plain ADC values for this purpose. In our series, we did not find any correlation of NADC on pre-operative imaging to the grades of tumors.
Seven-year resolution of cervical dystonia after unilateral pallidotomy: A case report
Authors: Horisawa Shiro , Kawamata Takakazu , Taira Takaomi
Published: December 2022

Background:

Reports on the long-term effects of pallidotomy for cervical dystonia remain scarce.

Case Description:

We report a case of cervical dystonia successfully treated by unilateral pallidotomy. The patient was a 29-year-old man without past medical and family history of cervical dystonia. At the age of 28 years, neck rotation to the right with right shoulder elevation developed and gradually became worse. After symptoms failed to respond to repetitive botulinum toxin injections and oral medications, he underwent left pallidotomy, which resulted in significant improvement of cervical dystonia and shoulder elevation without surgical complications. At the 3-month evaluation, the symptoms completely improved. The Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale score dramatically improved from 39 points before surgery to 0 points at 7-year postoperative evaluation.

Conclusion:

This case suggests that unilateral pallidotomy can be an alternative treatment option for cervical dystonia.
Synthesis and Characterization of SCDs/TiO2 Composite
Authors: Aritonang Anthoni Batahan , Sapar Ajuk , Sari Heni Puspita , Ardiningsih Puji , Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman
Published: December 2022

Synthesis of sulphur-doped carbon nanodots immobilized on the TiO2 surface (SCDs/TiO2) composite was carried out using the sol-gel method with SCDs and titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as precursors. SCDs were prepared from citric acid monohydrate, urea, and sodium disulphite using the microwave technique. SCDs/TiO2 was then visually observed under UV 365 nm and characterized by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV-Vis/DRS), Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SCDs/TiO2 composite product had a brown solid with a green luminescent under UV light. Furthermore, UV-Vis/DRS for variations in SCDs concentrations of 0.5%; 1.25%, and 2.5% showed Eg values of 2.33 eV, 2.14 eV, and 1.61 eV, respectively. The results showed that SCDs caused the maximum emission peak (λEm) to redshift and also affected the intensity of PL TiO2. There was also a shift in the absorption peak towards the visible light region. Based on the results, the 0.5% SCDs/TiO2 was the optimum concentration with the lowest intensity as an indication of separation of the (e-) and (h+) charge pairs, which greatly enhanced the photocatalytic efficiency.
Enhancement of the Quality of Onion Drying Using Tray Dryer
Authors: Fadilah Siska Nuri , Khamil Achri Isnan , Muharja Maktum , Darmayanti Rizki Fitria , Aswie Viqhi
Published: December 2022

Previous reports showed that there has been a continuous increase in the annual production of onion in Indonesia, and it is inversely proportional to the market price. The price drop is often caused by the high water content, which makes it easy to rot. Preservation of onions through a tray dryer is a good preservation method because it is effective and does not require much energy. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of variations in time, material thickness, and air velocity on the drying rate of onions. The samples were sliced to a size of 2 - 5 mm, followed by drying for 60 min using a tray dryer with different air rates between 4 - 7 m/s, and the rate of the process was observed every 15 min. The results showed that the drying time reduced the humidity in the chamber. The highest rate of 0.525 g/min was obtained at the peak air rate of 7 m/s. ANOVA results revealed that variations in time, onion thickness, and flow rate have a significant effect on increasing the drying rate of onions. This indicates that the method can be an effective and efficient solution to optimize the drying of the commodity.
Femtolaser intrastromal implantation of corneal segments using a digital marking device in the surgical treatment of keratoconus
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Russian Federation, Tereshchenko A.V. , Demyanchenko S.K. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Russian Federation, Vishnyakova Y.N. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To develop a technology for topographically oriented positioning of intrastromal segments during femtolaser intrastromal keratoplasty (ISKP) in patients with keratoconus using a digital marking device and to evaluate its clinical efficacy. Material and methods. The study included 102 patients (102 eyes) with stage II keratoconus according to the Amsler – Krumeich classification. According to the type of surgery performed, the patients were divided into groups: the main group (53 patients (53 eyes) – femtolaser ISKP with implantation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) segments was performed using a digital marking device and taking into account the cyclotorsion angle; control group (49 patients (49 eyes)) – femtolaser ISKP with implantation of PMMA segments was performed using the standard method (marking the geometric center of the cornea using the Purkenier – Sanson reflex without taking into account cyclotorsion). Results. The indices of the «success» index, the calculated vector of astigmatism close to the actual postoperative one and a smaller value of the vector of the difference in the axis of astigmatism, confirmed the higher accuracy of ISKP with the use of a digital marker compared to the standard one. The mean values of visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity 12 months after surgery in the main group were 0.58 ± 0.05 and 0.80 ± 0.04, respectively, and in the control group they were at the level of 0.49 ± 0.06 and 0.68 ± 0.05 respectively. After the surgery, there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean values of astigmatism: the main group – after 3 months to -1.8 ± 0.15 diopters (p <0.05), after 6 months – by another 1.7 ± 0.20 diopters (p <0.05); the control group – after 3 months to -2.43 ± 0.17 diopters (p <0.05), after 6 months – by another 2.42 ± 0.17 diopters. Conclusion. The proposed optimized ISKP technique with the use of a digital marking device provides precise positioning of segments during the surgical treatment of keratoconus and allows to obtain higher acuity of vision and best corrected visual acuity, as well as to correct corneal astigmatism more efficiently than using standard technique. Key words: surgical treatment of keratoconus, femtolaser intrastromal implantation of corneal segments, digital marking device.
Effectiveness of surgical treatment for spontaneous «intraocular lens – capsular bag» complex dislocation, developed after phacoemulsification
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Belonozhenko Y.V. , Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Krivko S.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To evaluate method for spontaneous dislocation of «intraocular lens – capsular bag» complex (CICB) surgical treatment, that developed after phacoemulsification (PE), in relation to its severity. Material and methods. Clinical material included 36 patients (36 eyes) aged 61 to 89 years. Spontaneous dislocation of CICB after PE performed varied from 3 months to 11 years after surgery, average 5±2 years. According to our proposed classification degrees of severity spontaneous dislocation of CICB, its 1st degree took place in 8 eyes; 2nd – in 9 eyes; 3rd – in 16 eyes; 4th – in 3 eyes. Surgical treatment was not performed in patients with the 1st degree of CICB dislocation. At the 2nd degree of CICB dislocation and more severe, patients underwent its surgical correction, according to severity of the eye condition. Results. All surgical intervensions were carried out as planned, without complications. The postoperative response of the eyes was evaluated on the 1st and next days of the postoperative period (SN Fedorov, EV Egorova, 1992). In all cases, it corresponded to the amount of performed surgical intervention. So, in 19 eyes, it corresponded to the 1st degree; in 6 eyes – 2nd degree; 3 eyes developed 3rd degree postoperative response of the eyes (postoperative uveitis). Indexes of uncorrected visual acuity on days 3–5 in 14 eyes (50%) ranged from 0.05 to 0.4; in 6 eyes (21%) – did not change significantly; in 8 eyes (29%) we reached the indexes that took place immediately after PE. Conclusion. Thus, in our experience, the surgical correction of spontaneous dislocations of CICB of the 2–4 degrees have shown itself to be effective in all of these cases. Key words: phacoemulsification, spontaneous dislocation of the «intraocular lens – capsule bag» complex, surgical treatment.
Distance Education in COVID-19 Pandemic: What Do Medical Students Think?
Authors: BIÇAKCI AY Şule , ÇAP Duygu
Published: December 2022

Aim: Although distance education is used as an education method from time to time, it has started to be used as a more compulsory method due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Opinions and attitudes towards distance education may change due to differences in education and technical infrastructure between countries. This difference may also differ between faculties in universities. This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of the students studying at the medical faculties in Turkey towards distance education and the factors affecting these attitudes.Methods: 490 volunteer students studying at various medical faculties in Turkey were included in the study. Attitudes of students towards distance education with Online Learning Attitude Scale; Other variables that may affect their attitudes were evaluated through the sociodemographic form and questions prepared by the researchers about distance education, and it was applied to the students through an online questionnaire.Results: It has been found that students studying in medical school have an almost neutral attitude towards distance education. While the flexibility of time and space, the ease of following the lessons, the convenience of disadvantaged students, the environmental friendliness and the increase in attendance are seen as the advantages of distance education; disadvantages of distance education were found to be difficulties in focusing on the screen and motivating to the lectures, creating difficulties in self-control to attend the lectures, technological problems, low interaction during the lectures, feeling isolated and having difficulty in finding a suitable place to participate in the lectures. Technological problems (internet connection, power shortage, etc.), some courses not suitable for distance education in terms of content, and the lack of technical knowledge and skills of instructors regarding distance education are seen as obstacles to the effective implementation of distance education. Although more than half of the students think that distance education reduces their academic success, only 5% of them stated that they want to study only with distance education in the following years.Conclusions: Although distance education activities have various advantages, in the current study, it was seen that medical faculty students mostly thought that it reduced their academic success and a very small part of them wanted to continue their education with distance education only. Because of technological improvements, it can be predicted that distance education which have been used more actively with the COVID-19 pandemic, can be implemented more frequently in the future. Therefore, It is thought that it would be beneficial to consider it as a holistic approach in order to organize the curriculum, train the instructors and provide access to distance education in order to implement the education-teaching activities more efficiently.
The Turkish Version of The Mentor Behavior Scale: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: GÜNGÖR Merve , ÖZKÜTÜK Nilay
Published: December 2022

Aim: University is a stressful and worrying period for students who have just started their university education, as it requires struggle on many issues such as the increase in the expectation of academic success from the students, their adaptation to the new social environment, becoming more individual, and the responsibilities of their relations with their same sex and opposite sex. Therefore, students have difficulty in coping with sources of stress. Mentoring practice has an important place in learning new skills, adapting to new behaviors, acquiring new attitudes, establishing connections between practice and theory, and providing psychological and social support and guidance for student nurses. Peer mentoring includes peers with similar conditions supporting each other in the learning process. It is defined as educational and social activities carried out by experienced upper-class students, who are not professional instructors, together with lower-class students, and that enable students to develop in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills. It has been determined that there are not enough scales to evaluate the behaviors of mentors in the practice of peer mentoring in nursing education in our country. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Mentor Behavior Scale.Methods: It was designed as methodological study. It was applied at a nursing faculty in Turkey, which engages in the peer mentorship application. A total of 547 students, who are mentees, participated in the mentorship application study. Data were collected with the “Student Introductory Questionnaire Form”, the “Mentor Behavior Scale” and the “Peer Mentor Assessment Scale”. The language, scope, criterion and structural validity, invariability and internal consistency reliability analyses were made for providing validity and reliability.Results: The translation to Turkish and back translation to English of the Mentor Behavior Scale were made for language validity. The Scope Validity Index values varied between 0.80-1.00. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was made for structural validity, and it was found that the model data fit was rather high. The Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient of Reliability was found to be α=0.937. The Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficients of Reliability for the sub-dimensions of mentorship relationship structure, participation-relationship, autonomous support and adequacy support were obtained at α=0.976, α=0.957, α=0.860 and α=0.960, respectively. A positive and significant fit was observed according to the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient in the test-retest analysis.Conclusions: The Turkish version of the Mentor Behavior Scale is a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of mentors by mentees.