bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deferred Prosecution Agreements in Singapore: What Is the Appropriate Standard for Judicial Approval?
Authors: Chua Eunice , Chan Benedict
Published: August 2019

Originating from the US, deferred prosecution agreements (“DPAs”) have made their way to the UK through the Crime and Courts Act 2013 and Singapore through the Criminal Justice Reform Act 2018. The Singapore model for approval of DPAs draws heavily from the UK and both require proof to a court that DPAs are in the “interests of justice” and that their terms are “fair, reasonable and proportionate” before DPAs can be approved. This paper considers the theoretical basis for the court’s approval of DPAs, critically examines the application of the tests for approval of DPAs in the UK and considers Singapore’s likely approach. Where appropriate, it also draws on the experience of the US and identifies lessons that can be learnt for Singapore.
Inverse nodal problems for integro-differential operators with a constant delay
Authors: Sat Murat , Shieh Chung Tsun
Published: August 2019

We study inverse nodal problems for Sturm–Liouville operator perturbed by a Volterra integral operator with a constant delay. We have estimated nodal points and nodal lengths for this operator. Moreover, by using these data, we have shown that the potential function of this operator can be established uniquely.
Maternal and perinatal outcomes in external cephalic version: prognostic factors for the success of the technique
Authors: Trobo Duna , Pintado Pilar , Ortega Virginia , Yllana Fátima , Hernández Concepción , Mendizábal Rafael , De León-Luis Juan
Published: August 2019

Background

We aimed to analyze the success rate of external cephalic version (ECV) for breech presentations performed in our center between March 2011 and March 2016. We evaluated factors related to a successful ECV, delivery mode, complications and newborn status after ECV.

Methods

Analysis of assembled data of 327 consecutive ECVs in the third trimester was done.

Results

The total success rate was 56.6%. After a successful ECV, 85.9% of the fetuses were delivered vaginally. Logistic regression analysis of background factors leading to a successful ECV showed that tocolysis with ritodrine and anterior placenta were each significantly correlated with the rate of successful version. No severe complications were registered during the ECVs, and all babies had normal Apgar scores at delivery.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that attempting an ECV in breech presentations, once or even twice, seems to be an appropriate management given that a successful ECV decreases the rate of cesarean section in this group of patients and by doing so, it might also decrease the risk of cesarean sections in future pregnancies.
Detection of Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli and Shigella/EIEC by culture and a multiplex PCR panel in pediatric patients with acute diarrheal illness
Authors: Koyuncu Ozyurt Ozlem , Bertocco Ana Laura Ferrandi Vilas Boas , Pereira Larissa Alessandra Bourdeth , Jimenes Luisa Paganelli , Yazisiz Hatice , Ozhak Betil , Ogunc Dilara , Donmez Levent , Gunseren Filiz , Yilmaz Aygen , Ongut Gozde
Published: August 2019

Background

Acute diarrhea is the second most common cause of child deaths worldwide. We investigated Salmonella species (spp.), Campylobacter spp., Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Shigella spp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) in stool samples of 741 pediatric patients with acute diarrheal illness.

Methods

Between January 2017 and October 2017, 741 stool specimens were tested by the BD Max Enteric Bacterial Panel (EBP) assay and conventional culture.

Results

Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 were detected in 10 (1.3%), 20 (2.7%) and two (0.3%) stool specimens by culture, respectively. Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Shiga toxin and Shigella/EIEC were detected in 46 (6.2%), 37 (5.0%), 20 (2.7%) and three (0.4%) stool specimens by the BD Max EBP assay, respectively. The percentage of detected pathogens was 4.3% (32/741) by culture. Use of the BD Max EBP assay identified an additional 112 pathogens, thereby increasing the frequency to 15.1% (112/741). Empirically, 58 patients received antibiotics and 43 patients underwent probiotic and/or symptomatic therapy.

Conclusions

We concluded that nucleic acid amplification testing markedly improves the detection rates of bacterial stool pathogens and offers rapid results.
Storyways: Visualising Saintly Impact in a North Atlantic Maritime Landscape
Authors: Gibbon Sarah Jane , Moore James
Published: August 2019

This paper presents a new methodological approach and theorising framework which visualises intangible landscapes. The Cult of Saint Magnus of Orkney (martyred c.AD1117 and canonised c.1135) is presented as a case study to demonstrate how spatial and temporal veneration can be explored in the landscape. The transferability of this methodology extends to any multi-source study where memories link to landscape features (past or present). St Magnus dedications, altars and church furnishings in Scandinavia and Britain demonstrate his international recognition, but aside from three Magnus dedicated churches, little is known of his veneration within Orkney. By using GIS to map archaeological, onomastic, folkloric, historic and hagiographic evidence of veneration we have visualised the impact of the Cult of Magnus since martyrdom to recent times for the first time. Furthermore, by visually differentiating between sources, we’ve distinguished the variability and variety of evidence, thus identifying concentrated pockets of veneration through time. Additionally, by linking evidence locations, we have identified ‘remembered’ routeways – storyways. In doing so, we have mapped the impact of Magnus as a saint, his value to particular communities and his continuing influence.
Statistical Evaluation of the Effects of Mix Design Properties on Performance Indices of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Nemati Rasool , Dave Eshan V. , Sias Jo E.
Published: August 2019

A variety of testing and performance index parameters are available to assess the asphalt mixture performance with respect to different structural distresses. However, because of continuous improvements in asphalt material production and construction techniques, it is necessary to regularly evaluate the correlation of the performance index parameters with mixture design properties. It is also important to determine the correlation between index parameters from different tests to help save time and financial resources by making engineering-based adjustments to the mixture design before conducting multiple tests. This study explores the statistical correlation between mixture design properties and performance index parameters as well as the correlations among the performance index parameters from different tests. A total of 14 commonly used asphalt mixtures in New Hampshire were evaluated using the complex modulus (E*), resilient modulus (Mr), direct tension cyclic fatigue (S-VECD), Semicircular bend Illinois flexibility index (SCB-IFIT), and disk-shaped compact tension (DCT) tests to assess the correlations between various performance indices and mix design properties. The results indicate that the aggregate fractions that pass 4.75 mm and 75 μm sieve sizes, the binder’s useful temperature interval, and recycled asphalt content significantly affect most of the index parameters. Medium-to-high correlations were observed between S-VECD, DCT, and SCB-IFIT with respect to different index parameters.
Estimation for Better Inference in Neuroscience
Authors: Calin-Jageman Robert J. , Cumming Geoff
Published: August 2019

The estimation approach to inference emphasizes reporting effect sizes with expressions of uncertainty (interval estimates). In this perspective we explain the estimation approach and describe how it can help nudge neuroscientists toward a more productive research cycle by fostering better planning, more thoughtful interpretation, and more balanced evaluation of evidence.
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: clinical feature-based disease probability in relation to catecholamine biochemistry and reason for disease suspicion
Authors: Geroula Aikaterini , Deutschbein Timo , Langton Katharina , Masjkur Jimmy , Pamporaki Christina , Peitzsch Mirko , Fliedner Stephanie , Timmers Henri J L M , Bornstein Stefan R , Beuschlein Felix , Stell Anthony , Januszewicz Andrzej , Prejbisz Aleksander , Fassnacht Martin , Lenders Jacques W M , Eisenhofer Graeme
Published: August 2019

Objective

Hypertension and symptoms of catecholamine excess are features of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). This prospective observational cohort study assessed whether differences in presenting features in patients tested for PPGLs might assist establishing likelihood of disease.

Design and methods

Patients were tested for PPGLs because of signs and symptoms, an incidental mass on imaging or routine surveillance due to previous history or hereditary risk. Patients with (n = 245) compared to without (n = 1820) PPGLs were identified on follow-up. Differences in presenting features were then examined to assess the probability of disease and relationships to catecholamine excess.

Results

Hyperhidrosis, palpitations, pallor, tremor and nausea were 30–90% more prevalent (P < 0.001) among patients with than without PPGLs, whereas headache, flushing and other symptoms showed little or no differences. Although heart rates were higher (P < 0.0001) in patients with than without PPGLs, blood pressures were not higher and were positively correlated to BMI, which was lower (P < 0.0001) in patients with than without PPGLs. From these differences in clinical features, a score system was established that indicated a 5.8-fold higher probability of PPGLs in patients with high than low scores. Higher scores among patients with PPGLs were associated, independently of tumor size, with higher biochemical indices of catecholamine excess.

Conclusions

This study identifies a complex of five signs and symptoms combined with lower BMI and elevated heart rate as key features in patients with PPGLs. Prevalences of these features, which reflect variable tumoral catecholamine production, may be used to triage patients according to likelihood of disease.
Mehrkanal-Vertriebssysteme im Konsumgütersektor
Authors: Olbrich Rainer , Hundt Michael
Published: August 2019

Die Etablierung von Mehrkanal-Vertriebssystemen ist kein völlig neues Phänomen, hat aber im Zuge der technologischen Entwicklungen ein neues Auftreten, insbesondere durch das Internet, und damit an Aktualität gewonnen. Hinzu kommt die in einigen Branchen festzustellende Verschärfung des Wettbewerbs mit einem aus Unternehmenssicht korrespondierenden Zwang zur Profilierung. Unternehmen versprechen sich mithilfe mehrerer Absatzkanäle eine höhere Marktabdeckung sowie eine differenzierte Ansprache der Konsumenten. Damit lassen sich Marktpotenziale gegebenenfalls besser ausschöpfen und die Marktposition stärken.
Delegation von Aufgaben im Management
Authors: Ahn Heinz , Clermont Marcel
Published: August 2019

Die Zunahme zeitlicher Engpässe, z. B. durch die Verschlankung von Managementstrukturen, lässt die zielgerichtete Delegation von Aufgaben zu einer Kernkompetenz des Managements werden. Es zeigt sich allerdings, dass effektives und effizientes Delegieren eine große Herausforderung darstellt. Dabei auftretende Probleme werden im Rahmen dieses Beitrags thematisiert. Es wird ein Vorgehensschema präsentiert, mit welchem den Problemen begegnet werden kann.
Improving Care for Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Multicenter, Community Hospital–Based Study
Authors: Parlaman Joshua , Deodhar Parimal , Sanders Virginia , Jerome Jennifer , McDaniel Corrie
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND:

For infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in children’s hospitals, treatment protocols emphasizing nonpharmacologic care have revealed improved hospital outcomes. We sought to improve NAS care within the community hospital setting through the implementation of an Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) protocol.

METHODS:

Using a multidisciplinary quality improvement approach, we implemented an ESC protocol at 2 community hospitals. Primary outcomes were to decrease length of stay (LOS) by 20% and decrease scheduled morphine use to <20%. Balancing measures included transfer to a higher level of care and unplanned 30-day readmissions. Data were extracted over 2 years, from 2017 through 2018. Interventions included an emphasis on nonpharmacologic care, the initiation of 1-time morphine dosing, flexible weaning schedules for infants on morphine, and the use of ESC scoring. Data were analyzed by using statistical process control.

RESULTS:

A total of 304 NAS patients were admitted from January 2017 to December 2018, with 155 during the postintervention period. After implementation, mean LOS decreased from 9.0 to 6.2 days, and morphine use decreased from 57% to 23%, both with special cause variation. There were 2 unplanned readmissions in the postintervention period compared with 1 preintervention and no transfers to higher level of care in either period.

CONCLUSIONS:

Implementation of a nonpharmacologic care protocol within 2 community hospitals led to significant and sustained improvement in LOS and morphine exposure without compromising safety. In this study, we illustrate that evidence-based practice can be successfully implemented and sustained within community hospitals treating infants with NAS.
Improving the Discharge Process for Opioid-Exposed Neonates
Authors: Crook Travis W. , Munn Erin K. , Scott Theresa A. , Morad Anna , Wyatt Joshua , Johnson David P. , White Mary , Patrick Stephen W.
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Opioid-exposed neonates (OENs) are a population at risk for postdischarge complications. Our objective was to improve completion of a discharge bundle to connect patients with outpatient resources to mitigate postdischarge risks.

METHODS:

Team Hope, a hospital-wide initiative to improve the care of OENs, examined the completion of a discharge bundle from September 2017 through February 2019. A complete discharge bundle was defined as referral to a primary care physician, referral to early intervention services, referral to in-home nursing assessment and educational services, referral to the development clinic if diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome, and referral to the gastroenterology or infectious disease clinic if exposed to hepatitis C virus. After obtaining baseline data, simple interventions were employed as education of providers, social workers, and case management; reminder notes in the electronic health record; and biweekly reminders to resident physicians. A statistical process control chart was used to analyze our primary measure, with special cause variation resulting in a shift indicated by 8 consecutive points above or below the mean line.

RESULTS:

One hundred nineteen OENs were examined with an initial discharge bundle completion of 2.6% preimplementation. Referral to early intervention services and the development clinic were the least successfully completed elements before intervention implementation. After the development of the discharge bundle in July 2018, special cause variation was achieved, resulting in a mean-line shift with 60.3% now having a complete bundle for 83 OENs.

CONCLUSIONS:

We implemented a standardized discharge bundle that improved our discharge processes for OENs.
Collins and Read Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) validity evidences
Authors: Teixeira Rachel Coelho Ripardo , Ferreira José Henrique Benedetti Piccoli , Howat-Rodrigues Anna Beatriz Carnielli
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to find validity evidence of different versions of the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) that measures adult attachment style and have been translated into Portuguese, in order to obtain a final version of the instrument for application in a Brazilian sample. We used the original version of the RAAS and its recent variations. Four independent studies were held, with a total of 1436 participants, mostly young adults from the states of São Paulo and Bahia. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses corroborated the validity of the three-factor structure (secure, anxious and avoidant) from the scale, with satisfactory indexes for Brazilian data. We found differences in frequency of attachment styles between sexes, confirming evolutionary hypotheses of intersexual variation. The scales showed satisfactory evidence of validity, and it is advised to use its latest version to measure adult attachment.
Escala de Atitudes Negativas sobre Afeminação (ANA): adaptação e evidências de validade no Brasil
Authors: Ramos Mozer de Miranda , Cerqueira-Santos Elder
Published: August 2019

O presente estudo propõe-se a adaptar a Escala de Atitudes Negativas sobre Afeminação (ANA) para o contexto brasileiro. Para tanto, foi realizado um criterioso processo de adaptação e um survey (n = 1123) com homens gay, bissexuais e homens que fazem sexo com homens, maiores de 18 anos e idade média de 26,85 anos (DP = 8,51). A Análise Fatorial Exploratória aplicada sugeriu um novo modelo com menos itens (12) e com dois fatores, Rejeição Pública e Rejeição Íntima, juntos explicam 67,50% da variância, diferindo do modelo original (unifatorial e com 17 itens). Quanto à consistência interna, o primeiro fator obteve umalfa de Cronbach de 0,918 e o segundo 0,866. Esse novo modelo foi testado em uma Análise Fatorial Confirmatória e apresentou bons índices de ajuste em sua versão final. Os resultados sugerem que a ANA apresenta boa adaptação e adequadas propriedadespsicométricas.
Os problemas no ensino e na aprendizagem dos tempos passados do modo indicativo da língua portuguesa: o caso dos alunos polacos
Authors: Drzazgowska Joanna
Published: August 2019

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate certain problems occurring in teaching and learning past tenses in Portuguese by Polish students. The study will present primarily some questions related to the category of tense and category of aspect in the Polish and Portuguese languages. The basic differences between both systems, which make the acquisition of the Portuguese past tenses by Polish students difficult, will also be underlined. At the same time, the analysis of some of the grammars and books for learning Portuguese as Foreign Language will be conducted. The aim of the analysis will be to verify if the material regarding the past tenses allows the students to systematize their knowledge on the topic.
EVALUATION OF STERCULIA FOETIDA L. GUM AS NATURAL BASED CONTROLLED RELEASE EXCIPIENT
Authors: Quan Vu Thi Hong , Quan Nguyen Thi , Phong Mai Thanh , Phung Le Thi Kim
Published: August 2019

Therefore, the physicochemical properties of Sterculia foetida L. gum, including solubility, scanning electron micrographs, melting point, swelling index, pH, viscosity, loss on drying were determined. Furthermore, compressed tablets were successfully prepared for in vitro studies at many different particle sizes, concentrations of gum, rotational speeds and media in order to evaluate the effects of these parameters on the rate of drug release. Besides, SFG tablets were compared with the tablets prepared with Hydroxymethylcellulose E15. The findings indicated that Sterculia foetida L. gum exhibited an excellent potential in managed release dosage forms.
Use of Less Relevant Heuristics in Mortgage Valuations in Tanzania
Authors: Mwasumbi Agnes Nkundwe , Tarimo David Ignace
Published: August 2019

Valuation-surveyors, like all other disciplines, are invariably influenced by a host of factors when estimating values for different purposes. Faced with complex decision-making in valuation, many surveyors are compelled to make use of heuristics (shortcuts). The use of heuristics helps to improve information processing systems and thus increase efficiency in decision-making processes. However, the unconscious use of these shortcuts often leads to errors in selecting solutions for the problem at hand. This study was aimed at confirming the use of less relevant and less researched types of heuristics in mortgage valuations in Tanzania. These included availability heuristics, representative heuristics and positivity heuristics. The study employed a survey research method whereby a sample of 56 valuation-surveyors from valuation firms based in Dar es Salaam were given questionnaires to complete. Out of the 56 questionnaires distributed, 44 were returned. The findings revealed surveyors’ propensity to use less relevant heuristics for virtually the whole valuation process. In all the identified uses of heuristics the surveyors were found to have diverted from the prescribed valuation procedure. Such behaviours have the potential for propelling the use of wrong inputs in the value assessment process and/or modifying the final assessed value. Therefore, the findings provide another explanation for the causes of the already observed valuation variance in Tanzania.
Stakeholders’ Perception of Residential Rental Value Determinants in Ghana
Authors: Gavu Emmanuel Kofi , Gruehn Dietwald , Schulte Karl-Werner , Asante Lewis Abedi
Published: August 2019

The determinants of Residential Rental Values (RRVs) have been analysed differently by housing researchers across the globe. This paper scrutinises the perception of stakeholders in Accra’s housing market in order to identify and conceptualise commonalities and differences in variables that determine RRVs. It adopts relative importance index to rank 38 different variables that determine RRVs. Using the stratified sampling technique, the population of experts and stakeholders with knowledge in the rental market space were identified and categorised into six distinct strata. The sample frame was drawn from landlords; tenants; real estate agents; academic staff from real estate departments in universities; valuation and estate surveyors; and a group labelled as ‘others’. Purposive sampling was then used to identify respondents within each stratum. The findings suggest that electricity and piped water connection, type of house, property condition and number of bedrooms are the most significant determinants of RRVs in Accra. Contrariwise, the least significant variables include storeroom availability, proximity to recreational facilities, proximity to place of worship, landscape quality and number of storeys. This study contextualises RRVs by identifying variables that reflect characteristics of the rental housing market in Accra. This paper serves as a guide in understanding rental market dynamics in a typical African city where access to data remains a challenge.
Introduction
Authors: Jourdan Dawn
Published: August 2019

Journal Editor, Dawn Jourdan, introduces the theme of Legibility, Interpretation, and Decision-making.
Cuidado, Maternidade e Racismo: Reflexões entre Psicologia e Assistência Social
Authors: Oliveira Thais Gomes de , Battistelli Bruna Moraes , Cruz Lílian Rodrigues da
Published: August 2019

Como narrar histórias de vidas acompanhadas na Assistência Social? Pergunta que move este ensaio que é pensado a partir da interface entre Psicologia e Assistência Social e objetiva discutir as relações entre performance de maternidade, cuidado e racismo nas políticas públicas de Assistência Social. Um ensaio que se constitui a partir do entrelaçamento de narrativas de mulheres e reflexão teórica. Para isso, vale-se de histórias de mulheres, dados sobre o genocídio da população negra – pautado por estatísticas de violência policial e estatal, que faz de mulheres-mães também vítimas: mulheres órfãs de filhas/os vivas/os. Inspiradas por Jorge Larrosa, lançamo-nos ao ensaio enquanto constituição do pensamento. Ensaiar sobre a maternidade em contexto da Assistência Social nos leva a problematizar as relações entre cuidado e violência, interseccionadas pelas relações raciais. Temas como raça, racismo, genocídio da população negra, maternidade, cuidado e Assistência Social constituem o eixo problemático deste ensaio. Utilizamo-nos do ensaio como dispositivo para refletir sobre possibilidades para a constituição de narrativas femininas na Assistência Social.
Biótipogengival e sua correlação com a espessura da tábua óssea vestibular
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Souza , Rebello Ieda Margarida Crusoé Rocha , Barreto Mauricio Andrade , Fernandes Atson Carlos de Souza
Published: August 2019

INTRODUÇÃO: A reabilitação implantossuportada em região anterior maxilar é um desafio do ponto de vista estético e sua previsibilidade leva em conta o biótipo gengival e a espessura da tábua óssea vestibular. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a correlação entre as espessuras da gengiva e do osso subjacente, para efeito de análise de risco na reabilitação com implantes osseointegráveis. METODOLOGIA: Foram analisadas tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cónico (TCFC) de 32 pacientes dentados adultos (10 masc./ 22 fem.). A espessura dos tecidos moles foi medida 2mm apical a partir da margem gengival das unidades dentárias anteriores e pré-molares, sendo associada às medidas da tábua óssea vestibular, a qual foi mensurada nos três terços radiculares no menor ponto de espessura. RESULTADO: A espessura gengival entre os biótipos fino (1,1mm) e espesso (1,6mm) mostrou-se distinta, ao contrário da encontrada entre os sexos feminino (1,3mm) e masculino (1,4mm). A espessura da tábua óssea vestibular cervical não apresentou diferença na comparação entre os biótipos (0,33 – região anterior/0,53 – região posterior). CONCLUSÃO: A espessura da tábua óssea cervical não sofreu influência do biótipo gengival e sexo. O biótipo gengival não mostrou correlação significativa na comparação com as espessuras da tábua óssea vestibular.
PECULIARITIES OF ARMENIAN NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Andreeva O. M. , Avetisyan L.
Published: August 2019

It is stated that the Armenian community in the USA is one of the largest and most influential in the world. It is proved that the numerous Armenian community of the USA plays a prominent role in the development of Armenian-American relations. It is shown that the urgent issues for the development of the Armenian Diaspora is to overcome contradictions and competition within the Armenian Diaspora, especially among its most active organizations dealing with political issues. It will solve specific foreign policy tasks and promote the unification of the Armenian Diaspora based on group identity and common goals. The Armenian organizations, acting separately, complicate integration and unification within the community itself, lead to competition and disunity in defending its interests not only in the United States, but also in the world. It is determined that numerous Armenian Diaspora, famous and influential personalities of Armenian origin, national organizations and lobby groups are the “soft power” of Armenia. The Diaspora provides significant and comprehensive support to Armenian diplomacy in advancing national interests, especially in matters of international recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide, the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and overcoming the many economic problems that Armenia faces today. During the post-bipolar period, the Armenian Diaspora in America was quite active namely because of participation in various international organizations. To a certain extent, the Diaspora of Armenia followed the common tradition of using intergovernmental and intergovernmental associations to solve the problems of their states. On the other hand, the Armenian Diaspora confidently applied the method of "complementarily policy". This policy envisaged the deep involvement of the Republic of Armenia in the process of discussing and promoting projects of international organizations of various levels in the foreign policy of leading, influential states of the world and, first of all, the United States. In this regard, it is relevant to study the active and successful activities of the Armenian Diaspora in the United States. It is proved that Armenian Diaspora, with its rich international experience, seeks to integrate into American politics, which represents valuable experience for Ukraine, which has a significant Diaspora in the USA and Canada.
Osteometry of the human spine at the age of maturity in the Ural region
Authors: Men’shchikova I A
Published: August 2019

Aim. To reveal the patterns of the changes of osteometric characteristics of the adults living in the Ural region.

Methods. 56 cadavers of human beings at the age of maturity were analyzed (28 women aged 21 to 55 years, and 28 men aged 22 to 60 years) being the residents of the Ural region. The scheme recommended by the Symposium on Age Periodization at the Institute of Age Physiology in 1969, was used for distribution by age groups. Osteometry and statistical method were used.

Results. In the cervical spine, the greatest sagittal size was determined in the spinal process of the VII cervical vertebra (30.9±1.79 mm), in the thoracic spine — in the VII thoracic vertebra (41.5±2.4 mm), and in lumbar spine — in the III lumbar vertebra (36.4±0.95 mm). The frontal size of vertebral bodies increased from overlying vertebrae to underlying ones, however, the decrease in the frontal size of vertebral bodies was noted from the I thoracic to the VI thoracic vertebra, and starting from the VII thoracic vertebra its further increase was observed. The sagittal size of vertebral body increased only from the II cervical vertebra to the III lumbar one. The sagittal size of the bodies of the III–V vertebrae was within the range of 32–34 mm. The sizes of vertebral arch pedicle allow conducting the transpedicular fixation at the level of all vertebrae, but it should be taken into account that in V and VI thoracic vertebrae frontal size of arch pedicle is the least as compared to other levels. The frontal sizes of spinal canal were more than sagittal ones at the levels of all vertebrae, with the exception of atlas and the V thoracic vertebra.

Conclusion. The results can serve as the basis for performing any surgical interventions on the spine and as the norm for evaluation of its pathological changes.
Adquirir o vôo voando. Coragem é ter poesia no caos.
Authors: Lopes Rafael Zaramela
Published: August 2019

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As narrativas de escravos e a construção da identidade coletiva do Outro afro-americano
Authors: Spacini Nakanishi Débora
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho pretende elucidar a construção da identidade do afro-americano a partir da imagem do Outro, imposta aos escravos dos Estados Unidos no século XIX, por meio das narrativas de escravos.  Tais textos, produzidos pelos próprios, mostram-se um esforço para recusar a imagem do Outro e humanizá-los. Faremos, primeiramente, um breve panorama do sistema escravagista estadunidense para que possamos compreender como ele desumaniza o homem negro, apoiando-nos em autores como Gates Jr.e McKay (2004) e Coombs (2008). Em seguida, procuramos entender as motivações para a produção das narrativas de escravos e como elas contribuem com a construção da identidade coletiva do escravo. Baseamo-nos em autores como Olney (1984), Bauer (2015), Roy (2015), entre outros. Faremos, finalmente, uma rápida análise de 12 anos de escravidão, procurando explicitar as especificidades da autobiografia de Solomon Northup, pertencente ao gênero, mas que se faz única de diversas maneiras.
Samuel Lafone Quevedo (1999 [1898]): Tesoro de catamarqueñismos, Catamarca, Dirección General del Centro Editor-Universidad Nacional de Catamarca
Authors: Arce María del Carmen
Published: August 2019

Reseña de libro: Samuel Lafone Quevedo (1999 [1898]): Tesoro de catamarqueñismos, Catamarca, Dirección General del Centro Editor-Universidad Nacional de Catamarca.
Manuel Seco, Olimpia de Andrés y Gabino Ramos (2004): Diccionario fraseológico documentado del español actual, locuciones y modismos españoles, Madrid, Aguilar (XXXII + 1084 páginas)
Authors: Battaner Arias Paz
Published: August 2019

Reseña: Manuel Seco, Olimpia de Andrés y Gabino Ramos (2004): Diccionario fraseológico documentado del español actual, locuciones y modismos españoles, Madrid, Aguilar (XXXII + 1084 páginas).
MARCO DE CONTRATACIÓN PARA EL RÉGIMEN ESPECIAL DE SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS DOMICILIARIOS Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL ESTATUTO DE CONTRATACIÓN ESTATAL
Authors: Fragozo Pabón Vanessa Paola , Gámez Lobo Helena
Published: August 2019

Los cambios dentro del ordenamiento jurídico y legislativo que ha venido transformando el sistema de la contratación pública en Colombia, es consecuencia de los procesos anómalos en la forma en que se han configurado, ejecutado e implementado los contratos, especialmente, por los operadores de servicios públicos domiciliarios; desde este orden de ideas, se plantea como objetivo, desarrollar un análisis del Marco político-administrativo y legal de contratación, para el régimen especial de servicios públicos domiciliarios y su relación con el Estatuto de Contratación Estatal.
LÍMITE DE LA APLICACIÓN DEL PRINCIPIO DE LA CONDICIÓN MÁS BENEFICIOSA EN EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE LA PENSIÓN DE SOBREVIVIENTE E INVALIDEZ CONFORME A LA TESIS DE LAS ALTAS CORTES
Authors: OSPINO VALLE EDITH CECILIA , MOSCOTE MARTÍNEZ JEISON JOSÉ
Published: August 2019

Como es palmario, en el derecho laboral se reconocen varios principios como la favorabilidad, indubio pro operario, estabilidad e irrenunciabilidad de derechos adquiridos entre otros. En ese orden de ideas, se consideró relevante hacer un estudio del principio de la condición más beneficiosa para el reconocimiento de pensiones de vejez y sobreviviente bajo la óptica e interpretación de las Altas Cortes, para luego determinar si opera un límite temporal del mencionado principio donde se represeten los derechos mínimos de los afiliados al sistema general de seguridad social en pensiones y se garantice la estabilidad presupuestal del mismo sistema pensionales.
TNFR, TRAF2, NF-κB mRNA Levels of Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells Treated by Conditioned Medium of Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Hardiany Novi Silvia , Yohana Yohana , Wanandi Septelia Inawati
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a human malignant brain tumor which is arise from glial cells. Our previous study proved that GBM cells proliferation increased after treating by conditioned medium of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CM-UCSCs). Cells proliferation is probably mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α which could bind to membrane receptor and induce signaling pathway. Therefore, this research was intended to analyze the mRNA expression of TNF-α signaling pathway molecules on CM-treated GBM cells by measuring TNF receptor 1 and 2 (TNFR1 and TNFR2), TNFR associated factor 2 (TRAF2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mRNA level, and TNFR2 protein level.METHODS: UCSCs and human glioblastoma T98G cells were cultured and harvested after 80% confluence. CM was prepared by growing UCSCs in serum alpha Minimum Essential Media (α-MEM) for 24 hours. Fifty percent concentration of CM-UCSCs was used to treat T98G cells for 24 hours. TNF-α level in CM-UCSC was detected using enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the expression of TNFR1, TNFR2, TRAF2 and NF-κB were detected using quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), and TNFR2 protein level was detected using sandwich ELISA.RESULTS: TNF-α level was detected in CM-UCSCs 4.4 pg/mL. Moreover, the expression of TNFR1, TNFR2, TRAF2 and NF-κB were significantly 1.4-fold, 4.9-fold, 5.6-fold, 1.8-fold respectively higher in T98G treated cells than control. TNFR2 protein level in T98G treated cells was 11.57 pg/mg protein higher than control.CONCLUSION: The expression of molecules involved in TNF-α signaling pathway were up regulated in T98G cells treated by CM-UCSCs.KEYWORDS: CM-UCSCs, TNFR1, TNFR2, TRAF2, NF-κB, T98G cells
Concurrent Coinfections in Tropics: A Hospital-Based Observational Study from Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Malakar Sayan , Negi Bhagwan D. , Dutt Katyayani , Bharath Krishna , Shah Bikram , Raina Sujeet , Sharma Rajesh ,   Postgraduate Student,   Postgraduate Student,   Postgraduate Student,   Postgraduate Student,   Senior Resident,   Assistant Professor,   Professor Department of Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Published: August 2019

India is the epicenter of tropical fever diseases. Large numbers of cases are diagnosed with scrub typhus, leptospirosis, malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and enteric fever. Coinfections as an etiology of acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) have been recently recognized. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of coinfections in patients admitted with AUF in a tertiary-care hospital in the rural setting of Himachal Pradesh, India. Patients with coinfections as an etiology of AUF were the subjects of the study. The clinical records of patients diagnosed with confections between July 2018 and October 2018 were analyzed retrospectively in this hospital-based cross-sectional study. Standard protocol and guidelines were followed for the case definitions. Among total patients of 1005 with AUF, 14 (1.39%) patients were found to have coinfections. The most common coinfection was scrub typhus with leptospirosis and was diagnosed in seven (50%) patients. Other coinfections were scrub typhus with dengue in four (29%) and one patient each with scrub typhus and tubercular meningitis, scrub and influenza A (H1N1/2009) infection, and scrub and malaria (P. falciparum). Scrub typhus was the most common etiological diagnosis for the AUF and was observed in 159 (15.8%) patients. All the patients with coinfections had scrub typhus as the common infection. The prevalence of coinfections among scrub typhus patients constituted 8%. In tropical regions, coinfections are not very rare. High clinical suspicion for coinfections is required. Syndromic approach in the management is justified.
Relato de experiência de monitoria em uma disciplina de análise experimental do comportamento
Authors: De Matos Carla Maria Voitena , Vivan Alessandra Melânia Gressana
Published: August 2019

A arte da docência, em sua maioria, é despertada quando o indivíduo está exercendo outro papel, o de aluno. Geralmente, os acadêmicos procuram seus modelos, auxiliando no processo de construção de si, tanto pessoal, quanto profissional. A lei federal de 1968 orienta as diretrizes da educação do ensino superior e regulamenta a função de monitor nas instituições superiores. Esta prática estimula no aluno o desenvolvimento de habilidades que podem ser utilizadas pelo mesmo para um futuro cargo – professor. Percebe-se, então, a importância de destacar a função da monitoria, objetivo desta produção. Para confirmar esta importância, realizou-se uma análise quantitativa com as avaliações das produções acadêmicas – relatórios semanais dos experimentos, e uma análise qualitativa com as autoavaliações solicitadas aos acadêmicos no final do semestre. A monitoria realizou-se no curso de Psicologia da instituição FADEP – Faculdade de Pato Branco, no sudoeste do Paraná, dentro da disciplina de Análise Experimental do Comportamento. Explana-se também, uma breve compilação sobre o Behaviorismo e a Psicologia Experimental, componentes das atividades práticas desenvolvidas. Por fim, expõem-se as discussões e comparações visualizadas na prática e presentes nos resultados. Estes que revelam a importância da atuação de monitores para auxiliar na produção dos relatórios e execução dos experimentos, ato que repercute nas avaliações dos relatórios produzidos, numa perspectiva positiva.
Prevenção da dengue na infância: efeitos da participação em um campeonato com um jogo educativo
Authors: Do Nascimento Aline Rosa , Borloti Elizeu , Haydu Verônica Bender
Published: August 2019

Casos de contaminação pelo vírus da dengue são uma grande preocupação no Brasil. O conhecimento advindo da Análise do Comportamento permite propor estratégias para o ensino de comportamentos de prevenção da dengue. Este estudo visou avaliar os efeitos da participação de escolares em um campeonato com o jogo de tabuleiro Nossa Turma Contra a Dengue (que ensina regras de prevenção) sobre comportamentos verbais e não verbais de prevenção da dengue. Dezesseis escolares participaram do campeonato. Antes e após o jogo de tabuleiro, os participantes executaram, individualmente, uma Atividade Prática Avaliativa (ações preventivas de controle da proliferação do mosquito), responderam a um questionário sobre regras de prevenção da dengue e jogaram uma versão adaptada do jogo Tapa Certo®. Os pais dos participantes foram entrevistados antes e após o campeonato, respondendo perguntas sobre comportamentos de prevenção da dengue apresentados pelos participantes em casa. Após o campeonato, 12 dos 16 participantes aumentaram a pontuação na Atividade Prática Avaliativa e 15 dos 16 participantes não alteraram o desempenho no questionário. Na avaliação com o Tapa Certo®, ocorreu aumento das pontuações dos participantes que não haviam respondido corretamente todas as questões no Teste Pré-Intervenção. Sugere-se que a participação no campeonato foi efetiva para promover comportamentos de prevenção da dengue.
Habilidades Sociais Educativas de Mães: Relações entre Gêneros e Tipos de Instituições
Authors: Maia Fátima de Almeida , Soares Adriana Benevides
Published: August 2019

O estudo objetivou identificar em que medida estão envolvidas as habilidades sociais nas práticas educativas parentais das mães com seus filhos e comparar as habilidades sociais educativas das mães na relação entre meninos e meninas de escola pública e particular. Participaram 3 mães de escola pública (2 mães de meninas e uma mãe de menino) e 3 mães de escola particular (2 mães de menino e uma mãe de menina) do 6º ano, com idades entre 11 e 12 anos. Foi utilizada entrevista semiestruturada com base no Roteiro de Entrevista de Habilidades Sociais Educativas Parentais (RE-HSE-P). Os resultados da interação indicaram que as mães de meninos e meninas de escola pública e particular apresentaram um bom repertório de HSE-P, mas, nas práticas negativas mostraram um repertório clínico, influenciando nos problemas de comportamento. Os filhos e filhas apresentaram um bom repertório de habilidades sociais, mas revelaram problemas de comportamento. Considera-se importante ampliar a discussão sobre o comportamento de mães no uso de um repertório de habilidades sociais educativas na interação com os filhos percebendo como atuam e interagem no comportamento das crianças.
The Use of Participatory and Non-Experimental Research Methods in Behavior Analysis
Authors: Guerin Bernard
Published: August 2019

This paper seeks to enlarge the range of research methods in behavior analysis to deal with situations in which even small- or single-sample experimental methods are not possible or not appropriate. This is common for most research with humans, and especially with behaviors under the rubric of social, cultural and verbal. After presenting arguments for this, the paper outlines three methods for describing the everyday, complex structuring of functional relations. The most important of these methods adapts engaged, participatory methods from other social sciences but puts the focus on finding functional relations between behaviors and their complex outcomes rather than just labelling the hidden functional relations as static social ‘structures’. Examples of these three methods are given from research on functional analyses of mental health behaviors.
KRITIKA DIJAGNOZE POREMEĆAJA LIČNOSTI U AKTUELNIM KLASIFIKACIJAMA: PERSPEKTIVA SOCIJALNOG KONSTRUKTIVIZMA
Authors: Lazic Milica M
Published: August 2019

Osnovni cilj ovog preglednog rada je da ponudi alternativnu perspektivu razumevanja problema u funkcionisanju, koji su u aktuelnim klasifikacijama imenovani kao poremećaji ličnosti. Kroz pristup socijalnog konstruktivizma, kao i koz kritiku postojećih klasifikacionih sistema u konceptualnom i metodološkom smislu, ponuđen je predlog za promenu shvatanja dijagnoze poremećaja ličnosti. Pregledom istraživanja je stavljen akcenat na to da definisanje, određenje i prevalenca normalnosti u domenu ličnosti, zavisi kako od kulture u kojoj se normalnost definiše, tako i od usaglašenosti između osobina ličnosti određene osobe i kulture u kojoj je odrasla ili u koju je migrirala. Ponuđeni pregled istraživanja vodi autore u pravcu toga da predlože preispitivanje shvatanja i definisanja poremećaja ličnosti kao problema adaptacije. Ovaj termin naglašava potrebu za razumevanjem šireg aspekta faktora nastanka, razvoja i održavanja problema, ali i nudi mnogo alternativnih načina u razumevanju pristupa problemima adaptacije. Pored konceptualnih problema, u radu su diskutovani i metodološki problemi aktuelnih klasifikacija koji ukazuju na to da su one nepouzdane, nevalidne i da ne ispunjavaju kriterijume dobrog klasifikovanja.
HOW ARE THE WORDS OF TWO LANGUAGES STORED IN THE BILINGUAL BRAIN?
Authors: Navracsics Judit
Published: August 2019

The question of how bilingual people store linguistic information in their brain has been in the focus of bilingualism research for about 30 years now. Studies have been mushrooming to find out whether languages are stored in a unitary or a separated way. Research first concentrated on bilingual child language development, and first the unitary, later the separated hypothesis was proved. Psycholinguistic data gained from adult bilinguals have shown the complexity of the question, and still we have no definite answer. However, it has been discovered that there are influencing factors: age, proficiency level and manner of acquisition. The latest, neuroimaging methods in studying the multilingual brain enable us to see what is going on in the brain during multiple speech processing. There is no final answer yet concerning multilingual storage, but the influencing factors really have a major role, only we do not know which of them is primary. The latest research (brain mapping) proves that concepts are spread all across the brain in both hemispheres. Words are activated in different parts of the brain depending on their meanings (e.g. the ’top’ in areas related to numbers, clothing, buildings). Although each individual’s brain map is different, different people have the same concepts in the same areas, irrespective of the languages. If this is true, the question whether the storage of the two languages is unitary or separated has no relevance any longer.
(IS)HRANA KAO SOCIOLOŠKI PROBLEM – STARA TEMA ILI NOVA DISCIPLINA?
Authors: Čikić Jovana
Published: August 2019

Poslednjih nekoliko decenija jača sociološki interes za istraživanje prehrambenih sistema, režima i navika u ishrani. U svojim istraživanjima (is)hrane, sociologija se oslanja na druge naučne oblasti (poput istorije, antropologije, etnologije, agrotehnoloških nauka i agroekonomije, psihologije, nutricionistike, genetike), već etablirane sociološke discipline (sociologiju rada, kulture, porodice, sela), kao i na one koje izranjaju iz već postojećih posebnih sociologija (sociologija turizma, emocija). I pored značajnih pomaka u razvoju sociološkog saznanja o (is)hrani (teorijsko koncipiranje, različiti pristupi, metodološki aparat, institucionalizacija), i dalje se pitamo da li se: a) radi o novom predmetu sociološkog interesovanja i b) susrećemo sa posebnom sociologijom u nastanku ili je u pitanju tek jedna posebna istraživačka tema. Navedene dileme praćene su nizom dodatnih pitanja poput opravdanosti sociološkog pristupa u proučavanju (is)hrane, doprinosa sociologije analizi ovih problema, ali i doprinosa sociološkog proučavanja (is)hrane razvoju saznanja o drugim sociološkim problemima. Postavlja se pitanje da li i na koji način sociološka saznanja mogu da pomognu u kreiranju javnih politika u oblasti (is)hrane. Ovaj rad je pokušaj da se navedena pitanja i dileme dodatno osvetle.