bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Masters Women Runners
Authors: Ransdell Lynda B. , Wells Christine L.
Published: August 2016

Women’s running has made significant gains during the past century. The Feminine Sportive Federation International, an international organization for women in sport, was an early advocate for women’s running. They lobbied for the inclusion of 5 new women’s events in the 1928 Olympics, the longest of which was 800 meters. Unfortunately, some competitors in the 800 m event collapsed, providing “rationale” for excluding women from distance racing (Noakes, 1991). Later, the 800 meter event was re-introduced in the 1960 Olympics, and so the interest in “women’s distance running” was re-kindled. Women continued to call for greater challenges, and eventually in 1972, they were officially allowed to run the Boston Marathon (Noakes, 1991). Today, distances of 5,10, and 42 kilometers make up the majority of road races throughout the country. These events are not limited to top-flight women athletes racing for fame and fortune or a chance to represent America in the Olympic Games. Rather, thousands of women—of all shapes, running styles and fitness levels—enter these weekend races, most with little hope of winning a prize.

Currently, women runners are recognized at the national level as “open” (any age) or “masters” (40 years of age and older) competitors. This separation is important because performance varies with age. How age affects performance depends upon a number of factors including overall health, injury status, training, and genetic endowment. Considerable individual variability exists, but at some point in middle-age, performance declines. Although equal performance is not likely from outstanding 45 year old and 25 year old competitors, each may be considered an “elite” performer when competition is separated into age groups. The separation of athletes into masters and open categories and further into age groups results in opportunities for many to receive recognition, and for competitors to set and achieve goals relative to their age. Age-group competition has attracted thousands and thousands of “new” runners and encouraged former competitors to “stay with it for a few more years.”

Very little is known about women who run at the “masters” level. There is general information about how aging affects the male athlete’s performance, but little information about how aging affects women’s performances. This paper is a review of the literature on masters women runners and a description of 1) their physical and physiological characteristics, 2) their performance, 3) their performance decline with advancing age, and 4) the health related benefits of physical activity.
From mouse to man? Not necessarily!
Authors: Brown J. Mark
Published: August 2016

Antibiotic-mediated alteration of the gut microbiome in obese humans fails to impact host metabolism.
Getting out of a sticky situation
Authors: Hulbert Monica L.
Published: August 2016

A small molecule that prevents hemoglobin S polymerization may offer a breakthrough for people with sickle cell disease.
A glucocerebrosidase chaperone to ward off Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Martin Ian
Published: August 2016

A small-molecule chaperone partially restores glucocerebrosidase function and lowers elevated α-synuclein levels observed in dopamine neurons derived from Gaucher disease patients.
The Cell Wall Polymer Lipoteichoic Acid Becomes Nonessential in Staphylococcus aureus Cells Lacking the ClpX Chaperone
Authors: Bæk Kristoffer T. , Bowman Lisa , Millership Charlotte , Dupont Søgaard Mia , Kaever Volkhard , Siljamäki Pia , Savijoki Kirsi , Varmanen Pekka , Nyman Tuula A. , Gründling Angelika , Frees Dorte
Published: August 2016

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is an important cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria and a promising target for the development of vaccines and antimicrobial compounds against
Staphylococcus aureus
. Here we demonstrate that mutations in the conditionally essential
ltaS
(LTA synthase) gene arise spontaneously in an
S. aureus
mutant lacking the ClpX chaperone. A wide variety of
ltaS
mutations were selected, and among these, a substantial portion resulted in premature stop codons and other changes predicted to abolish LtaS synthesis. Consistent with this assumption, the
clpX ltaS
double mutants did not produce LTA, and genetic analyses confirmed that LTA becomes nonessential in the absence of the ClpX chaperone. In fact, inactivation of
ltaS
alleviated the severe growth defect conferred by the
clpX
deletion. Microscopic analyses showed that the absence of ClpX partly alleviates the septum placement defects of an LTA-depleted strain, while other phenotypes typical of LTA-negative
S. aureus
mutants, including increased cell size and decreased autolytic activity, are retained. In conclusion, our results indicate that LTA has an essential role in septum placement that can be bypassed by inactivating the ClpX chaperone.

IMPORTANCE
Lipoteichoic acid is an essential component of the
Staphylococcus aureus
cell envelope and an attractive target for the development of vaccines and antimicrobials directed against antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. In this study, we showed that the lipoteichoic acid polymer is essential for growth of
S. aureus
only as long as the ClpX chaperone is present in the cell. Our results indicate that lipoteichoic acid and ClpX play opposite roles in a pathway that controls two key cell division processes in
S. aureus
, namely, septum formation and autolytic activity. The discovery of a novel functional connection in the genetic network that controls cell division in
S. aureus
may expand the repertoire of possible strategies to identify compounds or compound combinations that kill antibiotic-resistant
S. aureus
.
Characterization of a Salmonella sugar kinase essential for the utilization of fructose-asparagine
Authors: Biswas Pradip K. , Behrman Edward J. , Gopalan Venkat
Published: August 2016

Salmonella can utilize fructose-asparagine (F-Asn), a naturally occurring Amadori product, as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. Conversion of F-Asn to the common intermediates glucose-6-phosphate, aspartate, and ammonia was predicted to involve the sequential action of an asparaginase, a kinase, and a deglycase. Mutants lacking the deglycase are highly attenuated in mouse models of intestinal inflammation owing to the toxic build-up of the deglycase substrate. The limited distribution of this metabolic pathway in the animal gut microbiome raises the prospects for antibacterial discovery. We report the biochemical characterization of the kinase that was expected to transform fructose-aspartate to 6-phosphofructose-aspartate during F-Asn utilization. In addition to confirming its anticipated function, we determined through studies of fructose-aspartate analogues that this kinase exhibits a substrate-specificity with greater tolerance to changes to the amino acid (including the d-isomer of aspartate) than to the sugar.
Strategies for improving dimensional stability of concrete
Authors: Ng P.L. , Kwan Albert K.H.
Published: August 2016

Changes in dimension of concrete due to early-age heat generation, long-term drying shrinkage, and creep under sustained load could lead to significant movements of the concrete structure and lock-up stresses if the movements are restrained. The lock-up stresses are often large enough to cause cracking and water leakage, thereby adversely affecting the serviceability and durability of the structure. Whilst the dimensional changes are quite variable because of their dependence on the environmental conditions and applied loads, they are all related to the concrete mix proportions. Generally, the dimensional stability of concrete can be improved by reducing its cement content and paste volume. Moreover, since the aggregate also shrinks, the dimensional stability can be improved by suppressing the shrinkage of aggregate as well. In this paper, strategies for improving the dimensional stability of concrete are formulated based on experimental research. Test results are presented to demonstrate their effectiveness and applicability.
The pattern and style of deglaciation at the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheet limits in northeastern British Columbia
Authors: Huntley David H. , Hickin Adrian S. , Lian Olav B.
Published: August 2016

This paper reports on the landform assemblages at the northern confluence of the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets with montane and piedmont glaciers in the northern Rockies and southern Mackenzie Mountains. Recent observations in northeastern British Columbia refine our knowledge of the pattern and style of ice sheet retreat, glacial lake formation, and meltwater drainage. At the onset of deglaciation, confluent Laurentide and Cordilleran terminal ice margins lay between 59°N, 124°30′W and 60°N, 125°15′W. From this terminal limit, ice sheets retreated into north-central British Columbia and Yukon Territory, with remnant Cordilleran ice and montane glaciers confined to mountain valleys and the Liard Plateau. Distinctive end moraines are not associated with the retreat of Cordilleran ice in these areas. Laurentide ice retreated northeastward from uplands and the plateaus; then separated into lobes occupying the Fort Nelson and Petitot river valleys. Ice-retreat landforms include recessional end moraines (sometimes overridden and drumlinized), hill–hole pairs, crevasse-fill deposits, De Geer-like ribbed till ridges, hummocky moraines, kames, meltwater features, and glacial lake deposits that fall within the elevation range of glacial Lake Liard and glacial Lake Fort Nelson (ca. 840–380 m). Meltwater and sediment transport into glacial lakes Fort Nelson, Liard, Nahanni, and Mackenzie was sustained by remnant ice in the Liard River and Fort Nelson River drainage basins until the end of glaciation. Optical dating of sand from stabilized parabolic dunes on the Liard Plateau indicates that proglacial conditions, lake formation, and drainage began before 13.0 ± 0.5 ka (calendar years). The Petitot, Fort Nelson, and Liard rivers all occupy spillways incised into glacial deposits and bedrock by meltwater overflow from glacial lakes Peace and Hay.
Seasonal changes in bacterial communities associated with healthy and diseasedPoritescoral in southern Taiwan
Authors: Lin Chorng-Horng , Chuang Chih-Hsiang , Twan Wen-Hung , Chiou Shu-Fen , Wong Tit-Yee , Liu Jong-Kang , Kao Chyuan-yao , Kuo Jimmy
Published: August 2016

We compared the bacterial communities associated with healthy scleractinian coral Porites sp. with those associated with coral infected with pink spot syndrome harvested during summer and winter from waters off the coast of southern Taiwan. Members of the bacterial community associated with the coral were characterized by means of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of a short region of the 16S rRNA gene and clone library analysis. Of 5 different areas of the 16S rRNA gene, we demonstrated that the V3 hypervariable region is most suited to represent the coral-associated bacterial community. The DNA sequences of 26 distinct bands extracted from DGGE gels and 269 sequences of the 16S rRNA gene from clone libraries were determined. We found that the communities present in diseased coral were more heterogeneous than the bacterial communities of uninfected coral. In addition, bacterial communities associated with coral harvested in the summer were more diverse than those associated with coral collected in winter, regardless of the health status of the coral. Our study suggested that the compositions of coral-associated bacteria communities are complex, and the population of bacteria varies greatly between seasons and in coral of differing health status.
Extra-dimensional models on the lattice
Authors: Knechtli Francesco , Rinaldi Enrico
Published: August 2016

In this review we summarize the ongoing effort to study extra-dimensional gauge theories with lattice simulations. In these models the Higgs field is identified with extra-dimensional components of the gauge field. The Higgs potential is generated by quantum corrections and is protected from divergences by the higher dimensional gauge symmetry. Dimensional reduction to four dimensions can occur through compactification or localization. Gauge-Higgs unification models are often studied using perturbation theory. Numerical lattice simulations are used to go beyond these perturbative expectations and to include nonperturbative effects. We describe the known perturbative predictions and their fate in the strongly-coupled regime for various extra-dimensional models.
Review of strongly-coupled composite dark matter models and lattice simulations
Authors: Kribs Graham D. , Neil Ethan T.
Published: August 2016

We review models of new physics in which dark matter arises as a composite bound state from a confining strongly-coupled non-Abelian gauge theory. We discuss several qualitatively distinct classes of composite candidates, including dark mesons, dark baryons, and dark glueballs. We highlight some of the promising strategies for direct detection, especially through dark moments, using the symmetries and properties of the composite description to identify the operators that dominate the interactions of dark matter with matter, as well as dark matter self-interactions. We briefly discuss the implications of these theories at colliders, especially the (potentially novel) phenomenology of dark mesons in various regimes of the models. Throughout the review, we highlight the use of lattice calculations in the study of these strongly-coupled theories, to obtain precise quantitative predictions and new insights into the dynamics.
Symmetries and conservation laws of a damped Boussinesq equation
Authors: Gandarias María Luz , Rosa María
Published: August 2016

In this work, we consider a damped equation with a time-independent source term. We derive the classical Lie symmetries admitted by the equation as well as the reduced ordinary differential equations. We also present some exact solutions. Conservation laws for this equation are constructed by using the multiplier method.
Magnetized liquid 3He at finite temperature: A variational calculation approach
Authors: Bordbar Gholam Hossein , Mohammadi Sabet Mohammad Taghi
Published: August 2016

Using the spin-dependent (SD) and spin-independent (SI) correlation functions, we have investigated the properties of liquid [Formula: see text] in the presence of magnetic field at finite temperature. Our calculations have been done using the variational method based on cluster expansion of the energy functional. Our results show that the low field magnetic susceptibility obeys Curie law at high temperatures. This behavior is in a good agreement with the experimental data as well as the molecular field theory results in which the spin dependency has been introduced in correlation function. Reduced susceptibility as a function of temperature as well as reduced temperature has been also investigated, and again we have seen that the spin-dependent correlation function leads to a good agreement with the experimental data. The Landau parameter, [Formula: see text], has been calculated, and for this parameter, a value about [Formula: see text] has been found in the case of spin–spin correlation. In the case of spin-independent correlation function, this value is about [Formula: see text]. Therefore, inclusion of spin dependency in the correlation function leads to a more compatible value of [Formula: see text] with experimental data. The magnetization and susceptibility of liquid [Formula: see text] have also been investigated as a function of magnetic field. Our results show a downward curvature in magnetization of system with spin-dependent correlation for all densities and relevant temperatures. A metamagnetic behavior has been observed as a maximum in susceptibility versus magnetic field, when the spin–spin correlation has been considered. This maximum occurs at [Formula: see text] for all densities and temperatures. This behavior has not been observed in the case of spin-independent correlation function.
Process Quality Assessment Model of Hand Tools: A Case Study on the Handle of Ratchet Torque Wrench
Authors: Chang Tsang-Chuan , Chen Kuen-Suan , Yu Chun-Min
Published: August 2016

The growing popularity of do-it-yourself (DIY) projects has increased the penetration of hand tools devices into the market. This paper thus conducts a case study on ratchet torque wrenches and develops an assessment and verification model of process quality as a means of assisting hand tool manufacturers in managing the quality of ratchet torque wrench products and promoting the on-going development in the hand tool industry. We first propose the process quality index (PQI) that can directly determine a precise level of quality based on the relationship between various process capability indices and Six Sigma quality levels. Using inference, we further develop a testing model of PQI to evaluate the quality level reached of process performance. The present case study is investigated to illustrate the practical applicability of the proposed method. We believe that the proposed model will facilitate the production of high-value products and thereby enhance the competitive advantage of firms in Taiwan.
Estimation of Dynamic Impedance of the Soil–Pile–Slab and Soil–Pile–Mattress–Slab Systems
Authors: Messioud Salah , Sbartai Badreddine , Dias Daniel
Published: August 2016

A 3D finite-element model for the dynamic analysis of soil–pile–slab is presented, with the soil–pile–mattress–slab interaction included in studying the dynamic behavior of the rigid–pile–reinforced soils. The soil, piles, and mattress are represented as continuum solids, and the slab is represented by structural plate elements. Quiet boundaries are placed at the boundaries of the model to avoid wave reflection. The formulation is based on the sub-structure method. Different geometric configurations are studied in terms of dynamic impedance. The numerical results are presented to show the influence of the mattress stiffness and the pile–soil contact conditions on the dynamic response of the foundation system. The horizontal and vertical impedances of the pile foundations are presented with the results compared with those available in previous studies.
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR SMART PHONE ATTRIBUTES IN MULTI-COUNTRIES
Authors: KIM JONG SEOK
Published: August 2016

When conjoint experiments are applied to study complex decision making that wears many attributes, this sometimes results in problems of information overload and respondent burden, potentially weakening the validity of such experiments. To reduce the impact of these potential problems, an integrated hierarchical survey design (IHSD) to be used with Kano model for large conjoint analysis has been suggested. The author compared the utility of mobile phone's attributes for each market by analysing empirical data which wear obtained from 5,400 respondents (1,800 respondents per country) in UK, Saudi Arabia, and Philippines. In total 2,400 respondents in four segments. Firstly, UK showed importance mainly towards Camera, Memory_size, LTE, Brand, FM_transmitter which are the necessary things for a good smart phone. Secondly, Philippines revealed choice largely towards Camera, Brand, External_momory, Mobile_TV, and NFC. Finally, Saudi Arabia selected primarily Brand, Camera, External_memory, 3G, and GPS. The results of this study were successfully implemented for product planning, product development, and marketing strategy in terms of price setting, features prioritising, and optimal designing for new products in the mobile phone company.
Effect of the Channel Height of the Enthalpy Exchanger on Energy Saving by Enthalpy Recovery Ventilator
Authors: Kim Nae-Hyun
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, apartments as well as office buildings are built air-tight with heavy insulation to reduce the energy loss from air-conditioned indoor. In such buildings, mechanical ventilation becomes necessity to maintain proper indoor air quality. Ventilation, however, inevitably accompanies energy loss from the conditioned indoor air, which may be mitigated if enthalpy recovery ventilators (ERV) are used. In this study, annual energy savings by installing a 250 CMH ERV in an apartment or an office building of Seoul and Pusan area were assessed with special focus on the effect of channel pitch of the enthalpy exchanger. Separate tests were conducted to obtain performance data of the ERV. The largest energy saving was obtained for the enthalpy exchanger having the smallest channel pitch of 1.8[Formula: see text]mm. Annual energy saving calculated to gas energy amounted to 49 899 MJ for Seoul area. Both efficiencies and power consumption increased as the channel pitch of enthalpy exchanger decreased. In addition, both the temperature efficiency and the humidity efficiency were larger at heating condition compared at cooling condition.
Spin–Orbit Effects in CoFeB/MgO Heterostructures with Heavy Metal Underlayers
Authors: Torrejon Jacob , Kim Junyeon , Sinha Jaivardhan , Hayashi Masamitsu
Published: August 2016

We study effects originating from the strong spin–orbit coupling in CoFeB/MgO heterostructures with heavy metal (HM) underlayers. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the CoFeB/MgO interface, the spin Hall angle of the heavy metal layer, current induced torques and the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction at the HM/CoFeB interfaces are studied for films in which the early 5[Formula: see text] transition metals are used as the HM underlayer. We show how the choice of the HM layer influences these intricate spin–orbit effects that emerge within the bulk and at interfaces of the heterostructures.
A note on CVA and wrong way risk
Authors: Baviera Roberto , La Bua Gaetano , Pellicioli Paolo
Published: August 2016

Hull and White approach to Wrong Way Risk in the computation of Credit Value Adjustment (CVA) is considered the most straightforward generalization of the standard Basel approach. The model is financially intuitive and it can be implemented by a slight modification of existing algorithms for CVA calculation. However, path dependency in the key quantities has non-elementary consequences in the calibration of model parameters. We propose a simple and fast approach for computing these quantities via a recursion formula. We show in detail the calibration methodology on market data and CVA computations in two relevant cases: a FX forward and an interest rate swap.
An Intrabody Drug (rAAV6-INT41) Reduces the Binding of N-Terminal Huntingtin Fragment(s) to DNA to Basal Levels in PC12 Cells and Delays Cognitive Loss in the R6/2 Animal Model
Authors: Amaro I. Alexandra , Henderson Lee A.
Published: August 2016

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal progressive disease linked to expansion of glutamine repeats in the huntingtin protein and characterized by the progressive loss of cognitive and motor function. We show that expression of a mutant human huntingtin exon-1-GFP fusion construct results in nonspecific gene dysregulation that is significantly reduced by 50% due to coexpression of INT41, an intrabody specific for the proline-rich region of the huntingtin protein. Using stable PC12 cell lines expressing either inducible human mutant huntingtin (mHtt, Q73) or normal huntingtin (nHtt, Q23), we investigated the effect of rAAV6-INT41, an adeno-associated virus vector with the INT41 coding sequence, on the subcellular distribution of Htt. Compartmental fractionation 8 days after induction of Htt showed a 6-fold increased association of a dominate N-terminal mHtt fragment with DNA compared to N-terminal nHtt. Transduction with rAAV6-INT41 reduced DNA binding of N-terminal mHtt 6.5-fold in the nucleus and reduced nuclear translocation of the detected fragments. Subsequently, when rAAV6-INT41 is delivered to the striatum in the R6/2 mouse model, treated female mice exhibited executive function statistically indistinguishable from wild type, accompanied by reductions in Htt aggregates in the striatum, suggesting that rAAV6-INT41 is promising as a gene therapy for Huntington’s disease.
Object Tracking via 2DPCA andl2-Regularization
Authors: Wang Haijun , Ge Hongjuan , Zhang Shengyan
Published: August 2016

We present a fast and robust object tracking algorithm by using 2DPCA andl2-regularization in a Bayesian inference framework. Firstly, we model the challenging appearance of the tracked object using 2DPCA bases, which exploit the strength of subspace representation. Secondly, we adopt thel2-regularization to solve the proposed presentation model and remove the trivial templates from the sparse tracking method which can provide a more fast tracking performance. Finally, we present a novel likelihood function that considers the reconstruction error, which is concluded from the orthogonal left-projection matrix and the orthogonal right-projection matrix. Experimental results on several challenging image sequences demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve more favorable performance against state-of-the-art tracking algorithms.
An Atypical Initial Presentation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Central Nervous System and Lymph Node Blast Crises
Authors: Abuelgasim Khadega A. , Alshieban Saeed , Almubayi Nada A. , Alhejazi Ayman , Jazieh Abdulrahman R.
Published: August 2016

We describe the case of a young man with therapy-naive chronic myeloid leukemia who did not initially have any peripheral blood or bone marrow excess blasts but presented with extramedullary myeloid blast crises involving the central nervous system and multiple lymph nodes. Conventional cytogenetic tests were positive for t(9;22)(q34:q11) as well as for trisomy 8, 14 and 21 and del(16q). The patient’s peripheral blood and bone marrow were positive for the BCR-ABL oncogene when analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. He achieved good clinical, radiological, cytogenetic and molecular response to acute myeloid leukemia induction chemotherapy combined with 16 doses of triple intrathecal chemotherapy and oral dasatinib (second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor) treatment. Due to his poor general condition, he was treated with 24 Gy of whole-brain radiation therapy, as allogeneic stem cell transplantation was not feasible. Although extramedullary CNS blast crises are usually associated with a very poor outcome, our patient remains in complete cytogenetic and molecular remission, on single-agent dasatinib, 4 years after the diagnosis with no current evidence of active extramedullary disease. This suggests that dasatinib has a role in controlling not only chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia, but also its CNS blast crisis.
Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid B Receptor, Insulin Receptor Substrate-1, and Hypocretin Neuropeptide Precursor Genes and Susceptibility to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome in a Chinese Han Population
Authors: Li Zhijun , Tang Tingyu , Du Jianzong , Wu Wenjuan , Zhou Xiaoxi , Qin Guangyue
Published: August 2016

Objective: To investigate genotype-phenotype changes between rs29230 in γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABBR1), rs1801278 in insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and rs9902709 in hypocretin neuropeptide precursor (HCRT) and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in Chinese Han individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 patients with OSAHS and 136 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. A brief description of DNA extraction and genotyping is given. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender and age was used to estimate the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs29230 (GABBR1), rs1801278 (IRS-1), and rs9902709 (HCRT) with OSAHS risk. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate differences in these SNPs among subgroups according to gender, body mass index (BMI), and severity of disease. Results: Genotype and allele frequencies of rs29230 were significantly different between cases and controls (p = 0.0205 and p = 0.0191, respectively; odds ratio = 0.493, 95% confidence interval = 0.271-0.896), especially for male patients (p = 0.0259 and p = 0.0202, respectively). Subgroup analysis according to BMI also revealed a significant allele difference for rs29230 between cases and controls in the overweight subgroup (p = 0.0333). Furthermore, allele and genotype frequencies of rs1801278 showed significant differences between cases and controls (p = 0.0488 and p = 0.0471, respectively). However, no association was observed between rs9902709 and OSAHS risk (p = 0.2762), and no differences were identified in other subgroups. Conclusion: In this study, there was an association between variants of rs29230 and rs1801278 and OSAHS risk in the Chinese Han population but not for rs9902709.
Iracema, a virgem dos lábios de mel: negação e afirmação da indianidade no Ceará contemporâneo
Authors: Pinheiro Joceny de Deus
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo explora o lugar da imagem romântica de Iracema, figura literária criada por José de Alencar, enquanto símbolo de cearensidade e indianidade que é evocado em representações discursivas do cotidiano cearense tanto para negar quanto para afirmar processos de identificação indígena contemporâneos. Exemplos etnográficos oriundos de uma pesquisa de campo realizada no estado do Ceará, ao longo de vários anos (1998-2008), com lideranças indígenas dos povos Pitaguary, Tapeba, Tremembé, Jenipapo-Kanindé e Potyguara, demonstram que, se, por um lado, a imagem-símbolo de Iracema é utilizada para desautorizar a fala daqueles que reivindicam o reconhecimento de sua identidade étnico-racial, por outro, ela é apropriada como uma referência ou modelo de indianidade que serve justamente para autenticar uma auto-identificação em que os sujeitos se concebem sobretudo como indígenas, ao mesmo tempo em que se veem como pertencentes a populações mestiças – de caboclos, negros, sertanejos ou simplesmente “índios misturados”, assim revelando uma realidade em que várias formas de categorização identitária não excluem uma ênfase na noção de indianidade.
Ritos de passagem: Dioniso e o coro de sátiros
Authors: Dawsey John Cowart
Published: August 2016

Nas origens da tragédia grega, no coro de sátiros do teatro dionisíaco, os gregos fitavam o horror. Nessa observação de Nietzsche se encontra o ponto de partida para uma discussão dos ritos de passagem e, particularmente, da experiência do límen. Contribuições da performance e do teatro contemporâneos realçam aspectos dessa experiência. As análises de Julia Kristeva também merecem atenção. A hipótese, inspirada no pensamento de Walter Benjamin, emerge no final: elementos vitais dos ritos de passagem e do teatro dionisíaco tem a ver com o que poderíamos chamar de “margens das margens”. Em destaque, a dupla retirada de máscaras (cotidianas e extraordinárias), os subterrâneos dos símbolos e a experiência de f(r)icção (com r entre parênteses) nas relações entre máscara e corpo. Parafraseando Pascal, o corpo tem razões que a cultura desconhece. Às margens das margens forma-se uma ótica dialética: espantoso (ou extraordinário) cotidiano, nada surpreendente no espantoso.
Era um corpo de mulher...
Authors: Rocha Ewelter
Published: August 2016

O ensaio audiovisual “Era um corpo de mulher...” consiste em uma experiência de escritura etnográfica audiovisual, tendo sido a sua forma concebida sob os auspícios dessa presunção. Nessa perspectiva, desenvolvemos uma narrativa em que sonoridades, imagens, textos e falas se entrecruzam na construção de uma montagem que favoreça imbricar no mesmo suporte a evocação de uma experiência etnográfica e a produção artística que representa seus protagonistas principais. Nesse caso, enfocando as esculturas de madeira e as peças de barro que retratam as beatas de Juazeiro do Norte – CE.

https://vimeo.com/175552589
Quarenta anos de etnomusicologia e comunicação visual
Authors: Giesbrecht Érica
Published: August 2016

Apresentação do artigo de Steven Fled, "Etnomusicologia e Comunicação Visual".
Frequency of Poor Outcome (Death or Poor Quality of Life) After Left Ventricular Assist Device for Destination Therapy
Authors: Arnold Suzanne V. , Jones Philip G. , Allen Larry A. , Cohen David J. , Fendler Timothy J. , Holtz Jonathan E. , Aggarwal Sanjeev , Spertus John A.
Published: August 2016

Background—

A left ventricular assist device (LVAD) improves survival and quality of life for many, but not all, patients with end-stage heart failure who are ineligible for transplantation. We sought to evaluate the frequency of poor outcomes using a novel composite measure that integrates quality of life with mortality.

Methods and Results—

Within the INTERMACS (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) national registry, poor outcome was defined as death or an average Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire <45 during the year after LVAD (persistently limiting heart failure symptoms and poor quality of life). Among 1638 patients with LVAD, 29.7% had a poor outcome, with death in 22.4% and persistently poor quality of life in 7.3%. Patients who had a poor outcome were more likely to have higher body mass indices (29.3 versus 28.2 kg/m
2
;
P
=0.007), lower hemoglobin levels (11.1 versus 11.4 g/dL;
P
=0.005), previous cardiac surgery (47.8% versus 39.8%;
P
=0.004), history of cancer (13.8% versus 9.7%;
P
=0.025), severe diabetes mellitus (15.6% versus 11.5%;
P
=0.038), and poorer quality of life preimplant (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores: 29.8 versus 35.3;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—

Nearly one third of patients die or have a persistently poor quality of life during the year after LVAD. We identified several factors associated with a poor outcome, which may inform discussions before LVAD implantation to enable more realistic expectations of recovery.
International Labour Standards and Islamic Teachings: The Principles of the Basic Entitlement Package for Migrant Workers in Arab Countries
Authors: Reda Latife
Published: August 2016

This article discusses the means of protection for migrant workers entrenched in the notions of social justice of both international law and Islam, and how these tools may be implemented in the creation of a solid basic entitlement package for migrant workers in Arab states. The study also shows how international conventions and recommendations on labour and decent work are no different from the Islamic principles and how they constitute a moral obligation on part of the Arab countries to implement such measures.
Cadet Selection for the Royal Artillery in Spain, 1764–1808
Authors: Navarro-Loidi Juan
Published: August 2016

This article studies the selection of cadets in the Military College of Gentlemen Cadets of the Royal Corps of Artillery (Colegio Militar de Caballeros Cadetes del Real Cuerpo de Artillería) of Segovia, from its opening in 1764 to the beginning of the Peninsular War in 1808. As a product of the Enlightenment, this college was concerned with excellent teaching, but it also accepted the pre-eminence of the nobility. Although its academic excellence was based on rigorous instruction in mathematics, applicants did not have to demonstrate any previous knowledge for entry. Nobility was the sole selection criterion; college admission was limited to sons of noble families, who had to provide written proof of their noble origins. As the college’s success attracted growing numbers potential candidates, selection became a serious problem. The college’s regulations gave priority to the sons of officers of artillery, but in practice, sons of the low nobility (hijosdalgo) with good contacts at court overtook the other candidates by obtaining special priority from the king. To place this question in context, the admission criteria for artillery officers in Spain before and after this period are also considered in order, as are the situation in France and England during these decades.
Image at War
Authors: Siotto Andrea
Published: August 2016

The press was well accustomed to utilizing illustrations and photographs at the start of the First World War. This widespread use of images helped the people at home to better understand a war that differed enormously from previous conflicts. Images became a powerful instrument of propaganda, but also retained their usual function in entertaining and educating the reader. In this regard, technology offered new challenges and opportunities to the press in that the novelties of warfare had to be described to the public at home and images offered immediacy and clarity, and at the same time the new weapons’ marvel, even if terrifying, caught the attention and curiosity of the reader and “sold” magazines. The ample use of illustrations and photographs depicting technology in the magazines suggests how important the role of the press was in influencing both how the public understood the events on the frontline and how difficult it was for them to comprehend the new technological warfare.
Telstar, the Cold War, and the Origins of Global Communications
Authors: Karafantis Layne
Published: August 2016

Beginning with the launch of Sputnik, the Cold War superpowers engaged in a race not only to control or militarize space, but also to influence world opinion with space-related feats. AT&T exploited American fears that the United States was losing this competition by publicizing its Telstar satellite as a privately designed product, ostensibly proving the superiority of a free enterprise system. AT&T argued that it should be allowed to manage a global communications network, but the American government eventually disagreed with the company’s monopolistic ambitions.
A new species of Verbascum, V. nihatgoekyigitii (Scrophulariaceae), from southeastern Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: ÇINGAY BURÇİN , KARAVELİOĞULLARI FAİK AHMET
Published: August 2016

Verbascum nihatgoekyigitii sp. nov. (V. sect. Bothrosperma), is described as a new species to science from plants collected in southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. A detailed description, SEM micrographs and an illustration of the type specimen are included, as well as information on the ecology of the species and the IUCN red list assessment are provided. In addition, diagnostic characters of the new species are compared to the morphologically similar V. exuberans, and detailed distribution maps of those species in Turkey are also supplied.
Tropical–Extratropical Interactions with the MJO Skeleton and Climatological Mean Flow
Authors: Chen Shengqian , Majda Andrew J. , Stechmann Samuel N.
Published: August 2016

Simplified asymptotic models are developed to investigate tropical–extratropical interactions. Two kinds of interactions are illustrated in the model: (i) MJO initiation through extraction of energy from barotropic Rossby waves and (ii) MJO termination via energy transfer to extratropical Rossby waves. A new feature, in comparison to previous simplified models, is that here these waves interact directly in the presence of a climatological mean flow given by the Walker circulation. The simplified models are systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for the amplitudes of barotropic Rossby waves and the MJO, and they are systematically derived from the MJO skeleton model by using multiscale asymptotics. The simplified ODEs allow for rapid investigation of a wide range of model parameters, such as initial conditions and wind shear. Zonally uniform wind shear is shown to have only a minor effect on these interactions here, in contrast to the important role of the zonally varying wind shear associated with the Walker circulation. The models illustrate some realistic features of tropical–extratropical interactions on intraseasonal to seasonal time scales. A key aspect of the models here is that the water vapor and convective activities are interactive components of the model, rather than specified external heating sources.
Influence of Oceanic Intraseasonal Kelvin Waves on Eastern Pacific Hurricane Activity
Authors: Boucharel Julien , Jin Fei-Fei , England Matthew H. , Dewitte Boris , Lin I. I. , Huang Hsiao-Ching , Balmaseda Magdalena A.
Published: August 2016

Recent studies have highlighted the role of subsurface ocean dynamics in modulating eastern Pacific (EPac) hurricane activity on interannual time scales. In particular, the well-known El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) recharge–discharge mechanism has been suggested to provide a good understanding of the year-to-year variability of hurricane activity in this region. This paper investigates the influence of equatorial subsurface subannual and intraseasonal oceanic variability on tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the EPac. That is to say, it examines previously unexplored time scales, shorter than interannual, in an attempt to explain the variability not related to ENSO. Using ocean reanalysis products and TC best-track archive, the role of subannual and intraseasonal equatorial Kelvin waves (EKW) in modulating hurricane intensity in the EPac is examined. It is shown first that these planetary waves have a clear control on the subannual and intraseasonal variability of thermocline depth in the EPac cyclone-active region. This is found to affect ocean subsurface temperature, which in turn fuels hurricane intensification with a marked seasonal-phase locking. This mechanism of TC fueling, which explains up to 30% of the variability of TC activity unrelated to ENSO (around 15%–20% of the total variability), is embedded in the large-scale equatorial dynamics and therefore offers some predictability with lead time up to 3–4 months at seasonal and subseasonal time scales.
Implementing a Systematic Screening Procedure for Older Adult Mistreatment Within Individual Clinical Supervision: Is It Feasible?
Authors: Couture Mélanie , Israël Sarita , Soulières Maryse , Sasseville Martin
Published: August 2016

Home care professionals are well positioned to witness or prevent older adult mistreatment in the community. Screening efforts are important because most victims will not easily come forth. Two Canadian local community service centers implemented a systematic screening procedure within preexisting individual clinical supervision sessions to support social workers and improve detection of mistreatment. The aim of this pilot project was to assess fidelity, acceptability, and feasibility of the new procedure. Qualitative data was collected using individual interviews with two clinical supervisors, one focus group with eight social workers and content transcribed from 15 supervision sessions. It was estimated that 400 clients were screened for older adult mistreatment using this new procedure. Results showed the procedure was judged acceptable because it sensitized social workers to risk factors, gave them time to reflect upon and discuss probable cases with their clinical supervisor. Nonetheless, participants did not use the designated statistical code in the new procedure to document mistreatment situations. Feasibility was mainly challenged by the fact that screening for older adult mistreatment competes with other organizational priorities. Future initiatives must develop strategies to counteract those barriers.
Managing fatigue in sarcoidosis – A systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Atkins Chris , Wilson Andrew M
Published: August 2016

Fatigue is a common manifestation of sarcoidosis, often persisting without evidence of disease activity. First-line therapies for sarcoidosis have limited effect on fatigue. This review aimed to assess the treatment options targeting sarcoidosis-associated fatigue. Medline and Web of Science were searched in November 2015; the bibliographies of these papers, and relevant review papers, were also searched. Studies were included if they reported on the efficacy of interventions (both pharmacological and non-pharmacological) on fatigue scores in sarcoidosis patients. Eight studies were identified that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These studies evaluated six different interventions (infliximab, adalimumab, ARA 290, methylphenidate, armodafinil and exercise programmes). There is evidence to support a treatment effect of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-αtherapies (adalimumab and infliximab) and neurostimulants (methylphenidate and armodafinil), but within five of the studies, the risk of bias was high within most domains and the remaining three studies included only small numbers of participants and were short in duration. Trial evidence for treating fatigue as a manifestation of sarcoidosis is limited and requires further investigation. Anti-TNF-α therapies may be beneficial in patients with organ-threatening disease. Neurostimulants have some trial evidence supporting improvements in fatigue but further investigation is needed before they can be recommended.
Vertical random vibration analysis of adjacent building induced by highway traffic load
Authors: Xu Wentao , Chen Yongjie , Xiang Pan , Zhang Jianbo , Kennedy David
Published: August 2016

Vehicle–pavement coupling systems may produce strong vertical random vibration due to the road surface unevenness and then further induce random vibration of adjacent buildings. It is usually difficult to numerical analyze efficiently as the model precision and calculation scale of complicated random analysis. In this article, a longitudinal infinite Kirchhoff plate with Kelvin foundation is employed to model the pavement system, and by proving the symplectic orthogonal characteristic for the damped chain substructure, the infinitely long road surface is regarded as a periodic chain-type substructure, the model is accurate, and computation scale is reduced. Models of a half vehicle and an adjacent building are coupled to the plate to produce a unified finite element model. The plate element stiffness matrix is formulated in the coordinate moving with the load, a typical model of road substructure is built, and the two-dimensional moving element method of vertical coupling random vibration is formulated, and then the time-varying non-stationary random vibration may be transformed into time-invariant stationary system. Using the pseudo-excitation method, vertical dynamic responses of the unified model of vibration source, supporting structure, and vibrated structure are analyzed. The computation efficiency of this method is numerically justified and some vibration influence rules of vehicle to building are drawn.