bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shaping the future of primary healthcare: Factors influencing medical students’ preference for family medicine specialty in Qatar
Authors: Al-Rashid Maryam A. , Alah Muna T Abed , Al-Hamad Areej S. , Nomikos Michail , Hijleh Marwan F. Abu
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

As countries strive to strengthen primary healthcare systems, understanding medical students’ specialty preferences, particularly for Family Medicine, becomes crucial. Objective of present study was to determine factors that influence medical students’ preferences for Family Medicine in Qatar.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A study was conducted among medical students at one public university in Qatar from March 1, 2023, to March 15, 2023. Data collected using a structured, validated questionnaire; students participated in the study by filling an online questionnaire. Information sought included sociodemographic characteristics, medical specialty preferences, and the impact of 31 factors on these choices such as interest in dealing with diverse patient issues, and the influence of physician role models among others. Statistical analysis performed using SPSS version 26.0 Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were used to summarize participant demographics and medical specialty preferences. Mann–Whitney U-test tested the difference in preference for family medicine specialty by various students’ characteristics. Logistic regression analysis performed to identify factors related to preferring Family Medicine.

RESULTS:

A total of 262 students completed the survey with age ranging between 17-24 years (Mean=20, SD=1.7 years); majority (68.3%) were females and 54.4% were non-Qatari. About 16% students reported having a first degree relative or a family friend with family medicine specialty. Compared to surgery and internal medicine, a fewer students selected family medicine as their preferred specialty. Surgery was ranked as the top career choice (53.4%) followed by internal medicine (36.5%) and pediatrics (31.7%). Presence of a personal connection to a field seemed to have a significant impact on student preference. Being in the clerkship phase of medical education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.18, 95% CI: 1.12–4.23, P = 0.022) and possessing a personal connection to Family Medicine (AOR= 3.46, 95% CI: 1.65–7.29, P = 0.001) significantly predicted the selection of Family Medicine between students’ top two choices.

CONCLUSION:

Clinical exposure and personal connections influence students’ preference for family medicine specialty. Promoting these elements through targeted educational and mentorship programs may increase students’ interest in Family Medicine and help to address the gap between student preferences and the greater need for primary care providers.
Factors Influencing Mobile Money Adoption in Tanzania
Authors: Rwechungura Kamugisha Alfred
Published: January 2025

Financial inclusion is being promoted in most economies as it fosters economic development. Traditionally, banks were used to promote  the agenda of financial inclusion until about two decades ago when Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) introduced mobile money  services. Since then, there has been a rise in the number of individuals using mobile money services. Due to this, studies have been  carried out to investigate the factors responsible for adopting mobile money globally. Despite thorough research in this area, aspects  such as affordability and integration of mobile money with other financial services and promotions have not been thoroughly studied.  Therefore, with its unique focus on these unexplored new aspects, this study was carried out to fill this gap using Tanzania as a case study. Along with the common factors such as trust, performance, and ease of use, the study used primary data collected through an  online survey from 384 respondents. It was anchored on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and employed Semi-Structural  Equation Modeling (SEM) as the analysis method. The study found that perceived risk has a negative but statistically insignificant influence on adopting mobile money, with a coefficient of -0.181 and a p-value of 0.078. Results also indicate that perceived trust,  performance expectancy, ease of use, social influence, affordability, integration of mobile money with other financial services, and  promotion have a positive and statistically significant influence on mobile money adoption, with coefficients of 0.694, 0.627, 0.623, 0.605,  0.101, 0.083, and 0.438 respectively, and a p-value of less than 0.005. These findings highlight the need for MNOs to build trust through  improved security measures, offer affordable services, integrate mobile money with other financial platforms, and promote their services  to increase adoption. Policymakers are encouraged to create regulatory frameworks that promote consumer trust, ensuring a safe and  reliable mobile money ecosystem.
The Influence of Social Media Marketing on Business Performance: An Empirical Investigation of the Supermarket Industry in Tanzania
Authors: Njunwa Arnold Lambert
Published: January 2025

This study aimed at examining the influence of social media marketing on the performance of businesses, with a specific focus on  supermarkets in Dar es Salaam. The research employed an explanatory research design and a sample of 200 respondents was selected  through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for Social  Sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that social media performance, analytics and an active presence have a positive and significant  influence on the business performance of supermarkets in Dar es Salaam. The study concluded that social media marketing contributes  significantly to enhancing the overall business performance of supermarkets. This underscores the pivotal role of social media marketing  in driving the success of supermarkets in Dar es Salaam region. It is recommended that, first, future research can use objective data on financial performance metrics. Second, future studies might consider other industries in which the link between social media marketing  and business performance can be of interest for example airlines and tourism industries.
Assessing the trauma burden at Rwanda Military Referral and Teaching Hospital: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Sindikubwabo E. , Inyange S. Musoni , Rutayisire Xavier F. , Karuhanga F. , Muderevu A. , Rudakemwa E. , Richard J. , Ngabo Espoir M. , Munyemana P. , Furaha C. , Nkusi Emmy A.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: The Rwanda Military Referral and Teaching Hospital (RMRTH), located in Kigali, is a tertiary care institution for patients from diverse areas, focusing on the Eastern Province. Because it does not have a specialized trauma center, it runs through an emergency department to provide initial stabilization for surgical patients. 
METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis utilizing the medical records of trauma patients admitted to the RMRTH between March 2022 and March 2023. Data from the electronic system, admission registries, and patient files, whether electronic or hard copies, were utilized. The data were analyzed using R version 4.3.1 (2023-06-16), and ggplot2-tidyverse was used as a package to create graphics. 
RESULTS: A retrospective review spanning March 2022 to March 2023 involving 965 trauma patients revealed a male predominance (81.2%) and a significant contribution of road traffic accidents (56.9%) to overall trauma cases. Districts within Kigali, notably Kicukiro, accounted for a substantial proportion of admissions (15.85%). Orthopedics (37.2%), neurosurgery (32.6%), and plastic and reconstructive surgery (10.05%) were the primary treating specialties compared to other departments. Adherence to scoring systems such as the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and mSATS were moderate, highlighting areas for improvement in standardized assessment protocols. There was an association between old age and injury severity (p value=0.003), as well as between male sex and road traffic accidents (p value=0.002). 
CONCLUSION: The study reveals a significant trauma burden at RMRTH, predominantly involving male patients and road traffic accidents. It highlights the need for dedicated trauma centers and the use of standardized scoring systems like GCS and mSATS for better patient management. Implementing data-driven approaches and rigorous documentation are essential for enhancing care quality and outcomes in LMICs.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Parkir Liar dan Penataan Parkir Di Kabupaten/Kota Bekasi
Authors: Sitorus Budi
Published: January 2025

Parking arrangement is intended to regulate traffic flow and maintain order Bekasi. Controlling parking is done through the Department of Transportation and Civil Service in 6 locations, namely Jalan Pramuka, Jalan Veteran, jalan Ir. Juanda. The Path Of Prosperity. The purpose of this study is to determine public understanding of parking, provide recommendations for parking arrangement by utilizing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The research method is using qualitative descriptive approach with primary data collection obtained through surveys, using Gay and Diehl data collection techniques with a sample of 18 respondents. The results showed that (1) many people still do not understand regional Regulation Number 11 of 2020 (64.7%), the lack of availability of public transportation so that people choose private vehicles (41.2%), things need to be improved in parking services in Bekasi city by providing adequate public transportation (23%).
Poliarterite nodosa: critérios classificatórios e tratamento terapêutico
Authors: Franco André Silva , Echauri Carlos Emilio Insfrán , Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki
Published: January 2025

Diferentemente de outras vasculites sistêmicas primárias, a poliarterite nodosa ainda carece de critérios classificatórios atualizados. Além disso, houve pouco progresso quanto a novos tratamentos medicamentosos, limitando-se nos casos de imunobiológicos a relatos ou séries de casos. É importante ressaltar o uso dos imunobiológicos em poliarterite nodosa refratária, sobretudo nos últimos anos, com a definição de diversas entidades que mimetizam a própria poliarterite nodosa, como a deficiência de adenosina deaminase-2.

Unitermos: poliarterite nodosa; classificação; tratamento; vasculites; vasculites sistêmicas.
Arterite de Takayasu: critérios classificatórios e tratamento terapêutico
Authors: Echauri Carlos Emilio Insfrán , Franco André Silva , Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki
Published: January 2025

A arterite de Takayasu é uma vasculite sistêmica primária que afeta predominantemente vasos de grande calibre, como a aorta e seus ramos principais, e é predominante em mulheres jovens. Em 2022, novos critérios classificatórios foram introduzidos para a arterite de Takayasu, com maior precisão em relação aos de 1990, incluindo a ampliação do limite etário para 60 anos. O tratamento da arterite de Takayasu envolve o uso de glicocorticoides para controle da doença ativa, com doses ajustadas conforme a gravidade. Imunossupressores e imunomoduladores são recomendados para a manutenção da remissão e retirada de glicocorticoides. Imunobiológicos, como inibidores de TNF-α, têm mostrado eficácia em pacientes refratários. O ácido acetilsalicílico é reservado para casos de isquemia crítica e complicações cardiovasculares. O manejo de fatores de risco tradicionais é fundamental no tratamento.

Unitermos: arterite de Takayasu; classificação; tratamento; vasculites; vasculites sistêmicas.
Feasibility of Oral Vitamin B12 Supplementation After Total Gastrectomy: Single Institution Cohort
Authors: Pimiento Jose M
Published: January 2025

Objective: Vitamin-B12 (VB12) deficiency is a severe long-term risk for patients following Total Gastrectomy (TG). The absence of intrinsic factor secretion from gastric parietal cells often mandates parenteral administration, which can be costly and inconvenient to patients. However, recent data suggests the convenient oral route of administration is just as effective. This study evaluates our group’s experience with exclusive oral VB12 supplementation post-TG.

Methods: Conducted as an IRB-approved retrospective cohort analysis, the study included TG-patients treated at a tertiary cancer center from 2014 through 2021. The primary comparison was between oral and other routes of administration, with outcomes measuring postoperative serum-VB12 and hemoglobin till 3 years post-TG. Longitudinal analysis assessed possible associations between routes and patient outcomes.

Results: 52 TG-patients were identified (median age 61-years; male 54%). Most (n=43,83%) received exclusive oral-VB12, while the remaining received parenteral (IM n=6, SubQ n=1) or a combination (n=2, oral+parenteral). At 6-months, 1-year, 2-years and 3-years post-TG, 80% (n=39/49), 68% (n=30/44), 71% (n=24/34) and 50% (n=8/16) of patients, respectively, maintained complete oral supplementation. Mean-VB12 levels for oral administration were 1085 (n=16), 967 (n=19) and 1012 (n=18) pg/mL at 6-months, 1-year and 2-years, respectively. At 2-years, the mean-hemoglobin level was 12.4 (n=23) and the mean-corpuscular-volume was 90.8 (n=18), with no association between route and these two parameters.

Conclusion: Oral VB12 administration is a safe, feasible and convenient long-term supplementation route for patients after TG, however, VB12 levels need to be monitored long term.
Analysis of biomedical waste management case laws: an Indian perspective vs. European guidelines
Authors: Kumar Akshay , G Somu
Published: January 2025

Background: The handling, treatment, and disposal of biological waste produced by healthcare facilities are regulated by a distinct set of laws and regulations aimed at ensuring safety and efficacy. Conducting a systematic review of case laws for biomedical waste management is essential for understanding the Legal Precedents.

Methods: Systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines for the case laws related to biomedical waste management for non-compliance with existing rules using the legal search engine www.indiankanoon.org and summarized using www.casemine.com, the findings were provided in a summary of table for each outcome and synthesised qualitatively. A literature review was conducted usingexisting articles on Biomedical Waste Management in European countries.

Results: Atotal of 604 records were retrieved, of which 556 were selected from 2012 to 2024. Among these, 26 relevant case records were selected for full screening. The Results are summarized in tabular form and elaborated in four columns: case laws, facts, issues and decision.

Conclusion: This study shows the need for periodic surveillance of institutions handling biomedical waste for compliance in the interest of community well-being. In European countries it can be observed that guidelines are strictly followed and there are minimal requirement of intervention by law.
Pengaruh Bauran Promosi dan Dukungan Orang Tua terhadap Keputusan Pemilihan Perguruan Tinggi pada Mahasiswa Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Authors: Yadnya Anak Agung Gede Agung Aditya Satwika , Sadono Teguh Priyo , Palupi Merry Fridha Tri
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh bauran promosi dan dukungan orang tua terhadap proses pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa baru dalam memilih Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya pada tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Penelitian ini menyoroti peran strategi pemasaran dan dukungan keluarga dalam memandu pilihan akademik mahasiswa. Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei yang didistribusikan kepada mahasiswa baru, penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana elemen promosi, seperti iklan dan hubungan masyarakat, berinteraksi dengan dukungan emosional, informasional, dan instrumental dari orang tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan antara kedua faktor tersebut dalam membentuk persepsi dan pilihan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada bidang pemasaran pendidikan dan teori pengambilan keputusan, serta menawarkan rekomendasi praktis bagi universitas untuk mengoptimalkan strategi promosi mereka sambil menekankan pentingnya keterlibatan orang tua dalam mendukung aspirasi Pendidikan.
Pengaruh Gratitude dan Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Psychological Well Being: Sebuah Analisis Sistematis
Authors: Addini Nurul Aulia , Nur Eva
Published: January 2025

Individu yang memiliki masalah atau tekanan dalam hidupnya akan merasakan dampak negatif terhadap dirinya seperti, stress, cemas, dan memiliki lingkungan sosial yang buruk. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Individu tersebut memiliki psychological well being yang rendah. Psychological well being dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal seperti rasa Syukur, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh rasa syukur (gratitude) dan dukungan sosial terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis (psychological well-being) individu. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sistematik literature  yang diadopsi dari beberapa kajian literature tentang gratitude, dukungan sosial, dan psychological well being. Kajian yang digunakan dari tahun 2003 hingga 2024. Hasil kajian sistematis menunjukkan bahwa rasa syukur dan dukungan sosial secara signifikan berkontribusi pada peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis individu. Rasa syukur terbukti mampu meningkatkan emosi positif, kepuasan hidup, dan pemaknaan hidup, yang pada akhirnya mendorong tercapainya kesejahteraan psikologis yang lebih baik. Di sisi lain, dukungan sosial yang memadai dari lingkungan sekitar juga terbukti memiliki hubungan yang positif dan efektif dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis tiap individu. Lebih jauh, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi adanya interaksi positif antara rasa syukur dan dukungan sosial dalam memprediksi kesejahteraan psikologis, di mana individu yang memiliki rasa syukur yang tinggi cenderung lebih terbuka untuk menerima dan memanfaatkan dukungan sosial yang ada, sehingga dari hal tersebut menghindikasikan dapat semakin meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologisnya dari tiap individu. Temuan-temuan dalam studi ini menyiratkan pentingnya mengembangkan dan melakukan intervensi yang dapat meningkatkan rasa syukur dan memfasilitasi dukungan sosial dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis pada individu.
Kata Kunci: Gratitude, Dukungan Sosial, Psychological Well Being
Informational - Regenerative - Medicine
Authors:   LombardiEyeClinic.com, Rome, Italy, Lombardi Massimo
Published: January 2025

Regeneration is the Strength, the Continuation and Perpetration of Life.
The Regeneration of our Stem Cells is the key to explain our Life, whose length depends from
their Operative Condition to repair damaged cells and substitute the dead ones, in a normal life.
Real Science could face and resolve many Human Health problems. If the Researcher will study the Natural Biological Programs and try to restore and
reactivate them for a Correct Biological Function.
Professional competencies for digital reference services in academic libraries
Authors: Awogbami Mary Olanike
Published: January 2025

The evolution of academic libraries has necessitated the development of advanced competencies for library and information professionals, especially in the provision of digital reference services. As libraries adopt digital technologies to enhance accessibility, the role of librarians has expanded to include technical expertise, digital literacy, and virtual user support. This paper examines the critical professional competencies required for managing digital reference services in academic libraries. It explores various methods of acquiring these skills, such as formal education, professional development workshops, mentorship, and self-directed learning. Additionally, the study highlights the benefits and challenges of digital reference services, including increased accessibility, costeffectiveness, and scalability, as well as concerns related to service quality and technological barriers in developing regions. The findings emphasize the need for continuous skill development and technological integration to ensure that librarians can effectively meet the evolving needs of digital users.
The use of KOHA library management software for information services delivery in selected federal university libraries in Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ahmed Bala , Tsagem Abdulkadir Mammam
Published: January 2025

The study examined the use of KOHA library management software (LMS) for information services delivery in selected federal university libraries in northwestern Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study covered three federal universities in the northwest geopolitical region of Nigeria. The study population comprised all 148 practicing librarians in the three selected federal university libraries in northwestern Nigeria. The entire population was used as the number of librarians was manageable. Questionnaire was the research instrument used for data collection. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques, frequency counts, percentages, mean, and a standard deviation where a mean score of 2.50 was used as a benchmark. The findings revealed that librarians used KOHA LMS for information services delivery with a grand mean of 2.51 indicating moderate significance. The results further revealed that KOHA LMS is highly beneficial as it provides easy access to a web-based online public access catalog (OPAC) and reduces time wastage in delivering services to library users among others. However, the challenges that librarians mostly face include insufficient technical knowledge and crashing problems followed by proximity to viruses. Based on the findings, the study recommended, among others, that the management of the university libraries should provide managerial support. In addition, grants should be provided for training and re-training of librarians; that standby power generating source, solar and inverter as well as strong internet bandwidth should be provided for the use of KOHA LMS in the libraries studied.
Application of augmented reality in library services: Challenges and prospects
Authors: Agwuna Obianuju , Ejezie Jaachike Kelenna , Nwankwo Ndidi Grace
Published: January 2025

Augmented reality technology has emerged as a transformative tool in library services, offering innovative ways to enhance user experience, access to information, and engagement with library resources. This paper explores the application of augmented reality in libraries comprehensively, examining its potential benefits, current challenges, and future prospects. It reviews existing literature on augmented reality implementation in libraries, and analyzes the importance of augmented reality in library services. It established that as augmented reality becomes more widespread and affordable, its integration into library services will likely continue to grow, opening up new avenues for learning and community engagement. The paper revealed that there are various methods of applying augmented reality in library services such as information retrieval and navigation, enhancing learning and educational experiences, transformation of library exhibitions, interactive displays as well as virtual collaboration and extension of access to library resources beyond physical boundaries. It also identified certain challenges confronting application of augmented reality in library services ranging from poor technological infrastructure, maintenance cost and limited budgets allocation, privacy and ethical considerations, digital literacy gap, user acceptance and accessibility. The paper concludes with recommendations for overcoming challenges and maximizing the potential of augmented reality in library environments. It recommends that libraries should address technological and financial gaps through effective budget planning for augmented reality hardware, software licenses, content development and maintenance. They should also educate library patrons about augmented reality technology, its applications, and potential benefits for learning and information access.
A Study on The Effect of Food Festival Image of Satisfaction: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Food Festival Trust
Authors:   The Foodservice Management Society Of Korea, Han Ji-Soo , Kim Jong-Eon
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effect of food festival image on satisfaction and to verify the mediating role of food festival trust. This study targeted 270 adults who had visited the nationwide festival venues in person during the festival period. A total of 258 responses were used for statistical analysis and 12 unfaithful responses were excluded.
Methods: This study used SPSS 22.0 program for research analysis, and frequency analysis for demographic characteristics, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis for validity and reliability analysis, correlation analysis for correlation between factors, and multiple regression analysis for hypothesis verification.
Results: As a result of analysis, first, it was found that the image of the food festival had a significant effect on satisfaction. Second, the trust of the food festival played a mediating role between the image of the food festival and the satisfaction level.
Implications: The results of this study provide basic data on how to establish an efficient marketing strategy for satisfaction, focusing on the mediating effect of trust in the food festival.
A Study on The effect of health and environmental concerns on attitudes and organic bakery purchase intentions
Authors:   The Foodservice Management Society Of Korea, Kim Dong-Jin , Park Su-Jeong
Published: January 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between health consciousness, environmental consciousness, attitudes, and the intention to purchase organic bakery products.
Method: This study conducted a convenience sampling-based survey on customers in Seoul and Gyeonggi who had purchased from organic bakeries. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed between September 20 and October 20, 2024, and this study used 256 valid responses for hypothesis testing after excluding unusable data. This study also conducted a statistical analysis using SPSS 27.0, including frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and regression analysis.
Results: In the case of Hypothesis 1, health consciousness had a positive effect on attitude. For Hypothesis 2, environmental consciousness also had a positive effect on attitude. In Hypothesis 3, attitude had a positive effect on the intention to purchase organic bakery products. In Hypotheses 4 and 5, both health consciousness and environmental consciousness had a positive effect on the intention to purchase organic bakery products.
Implications: The results of this study suggest that organic bakeries play a significant role in purchase decisions of customers by considering health and environmental factors in the production process and use of organic ingredients.
Analysis of Mathematics, Reading and Language Skills, and Cognitive Profiles for Students At Risk for Learning Disabilities on Arithmetic Performance
Authors: Lee Eunju , Kim Soojung
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of basic mathematical learning abilities, reading and language skills, and cognitive processing abilities for students at risk for learning disabilities on arithmetic performance (Dyscalculia). The study used various measurement variables, including arithmetic operations (grade-level and integrated stages), basic mathematical learning abilities (arithmetic, shapes, measurement, patterns, data and probability), reading and language skills (decoding, reading fluency, reading comprehension, and listening comprehension), and non-verbal cognitive processing abilities (picture analogy, figure analogy, picture category, figure category, picture sequence, and figure sequence). The analysis revealed a common characteristic among students at risk for learning disabilities on arithmetic performance: they exhibited arithmetic operation disabilities with standardized scores averaging below “-2 SD” in the arithmetic domain of basic mathematical learning abilities. However, these students could be categorized into three distinct groups based on their performance in variables measuring other aspects of basic academic skills in mathematics and reading, language comprehension, and cognitive processing. This classification aligns with established categorizations in previous research, including “students at risk for learning disabilities on arithmetic performance” “students at risk for learning disabilities on arithmetic performance with comorbid reading problem,” and “basic academic underachievement with language delays.” These findings contribute to a better understanding of the diverse profiles within the population of students struggling with students at risk for learning disabilities on arithmetic performance.
IMPROVING THE EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE ABILITIES OF CHILDREN OF THIS AGE THROUGH INNOVATIVE METHODS IN CALISTUNG
Authors: Suriyani Suriyani , Dewanti Lucky , Budianti Baedah
Published: January 2025

Singing is the activity of making voices with dubious poems. The method of singing is a method that is very important for children in stimulating the development of the child's language in acknowledging and expressing language. This research is qualitative research, which is a method of research used in the form of descriptive exposure that attempts to describe all the information, symptoms, events, data obtained to be the focus of research then described. This research aims to find out the application of singing methods in developing language expression skills in children aged 4-5 at PAUD Calistung Tonjong Tajurhalag Bogor, with the number of subjects 1 teacher and object 13 students. The data collection techniques that researchers use are observations, interviews and documentation, while the data analysis techniques that they use are data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawings. The results show that the use of singing methods to develop the expressive language skills of children of group A as follows: 1) Early 4-5 years of children's expressive linguistic skills are improved, because using the method of chanting gives a boost in the enthusiasm of fun learning 2) Teachers are developing using various methods of learning to develop aspects of the child's language such as; singing, talking, asking answers, playing roles, and games. 3) The singing methods used by Paud Calistung were successful in enhancing the development of children's language, especially the expressive language of children with appropriate data during pre-research and observation research.
Audit Quality through KAMs: A Pathway to More Conservative and Reliable Financial Reporting
Authors: Sahlan Linda Azlinda , Kee Phua Lian , Lee Lok Char
Published: January 2025

This paper studies the association between accounting conservatism as a proxy of reliable and credible financial reporting with the audit quality in Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemic. We explore the effect of audit quality, captured as Key Audit Matters (KAMs), on accounting conservatism by using the C-Score as a proxy, and a sample of 736 listed companies on Bursa Malaysia. We find that audit assurance is positively associated with accounting conservatism, although at a negligible margin of statistical significance. We also find that firm size and profitability are significant determinants of accounting conservatism, while industry classification and leverage have no effect. We find that the relationship between audit assurance and accounting conservatism is complex, and future studies should use multiple measures of audit quality to uncover the effects of audit quality on financial reporting. This study contributes to the continuing debate on the effect of audit assurance in enhancing high quality financial reporting, in a period of uncertainty and crisis.
Effects of Physical Self-efficacy and Resilience of Facility Security on Service Quality
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Park Su-Hyeon , Cho Cheol-Kyu
Published: January 2025

This study is a study to identify the impact of the physical self-efficacy andresilience of facility guards on the quality of private security services, and conducted a finalanalysis of 358 facility guards working for facility security companies for two months fromJuly to September 2024. First of all, the results of the study. The physical self-efficacy offacility guards was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on resilience. Second, theresilience of facility guards was found to have a significant positive effect on the quality ofservice. Third, the physical self-efficacy of facility guards was found to have a significantpositive (+) effect on the quality of service. Therefore, various programs and education areneeded to improve the physical self-efficacy and resilience of facility guards, and the qualityof service affects the value and management performance of the company, so it is alsonecessary to improve the treatment and working environment of facility guards.
The Effects of Social Environment by Adolescents on Academic Helplessness
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Kang Min-Gu , Kim Sung-Chul
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data to prevent and overcomeacademic helplessness by specifically analyzing the social environments that influenceacademic helplessness in adolescents, and to propose educational and psychological supportmeasures. The study used data from the 5th year of the Korean Children and Youth PanelSurvey, targeting 2,243 students in their third year of high school. It utilized factors such asfriendship, teacher relationships, parent relationships, and academic helplessness, and conducted multiple regression analysis using SPSS 26.0, and the following results wereobtained. First, Friendship was found to have a significantly positive impact on academichelplessness. Second, A better relationship with teachers was associated with lower levels ofacademic helplessness. Third, Positive relationships with parents were linked to a reduction inacademic helplessness. Based on the findings, the study suggests the need for various policiesand tailored programs aimed at improving social relationships that affect adolescents' academichelplessness.
Changes and Difficulties in Play Support Experienced by Early Childhood Teachers in the Implementation of the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Kim Jung-Hee
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to understand the changes and difficulties of play support experienced by teachers in the implementation of the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum and to examine what is required for teachers' play support. Accordingly, five teachers from private kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were selected as participants in the study and the results analyzed are as follows. First, the study participants recognized the changes in play support experienced in the process of implementing the revised Nuri curriculum from activity-centered to play-centered, from the teacher's intended free-choice activities to children's free-play time, from subject-centered to interest-centered, and from curriculum implementers to a curriculum created with children. Second, the difficulties experienced in the implementation of the revised Nuri curriculum included anxiety between safety and play, conflict felt in the curriculum that conflicts with the needs of society and parents, anxiety felt in connection with adaptation in elementary school, ambiguity about the allowable range of real play and play, difficulties caused by institutional causes, the burden on the curriculum, and fear of the implementation of the new curriculum. Reflecting this result, it was suggested what support and needs are needed for the play-centered revised Nuri curriculum to be settled in the field.
Exploring Carbon Neutral Practice Experiences Through Maker Activities Based On Engineering Thinking
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Lee Suyeon , Lee Soyoung
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the experience of engineeringthinking-based maker activities for practicing carbon neutrality in young children. To this end,a case study was conducted, and the subjects of the study were 30 5-year-old children and 2 homeroom teachers from two kindergartens. The teachers and researchers played a role insupporting the practice of carbon neutrality through the children’s play, and on-site datacollection was conducted for 8 weeks. Data collection was conducted through photos, videos,interviews, and maker activity results of the maker activity process, and the collected datawas categorized by extracting meaningful topics related to the research purpose. The results ofthe study were as follows: understanding and practicing carbon neutrality through engineeringthinking-based maker activities, application of engineering thinking in the problem-solvingprocess, and behavioral changes in practicing carbon neutrality. This study contributes toexploring integrated and creative educational methods that can enhance the effectiveness ofcarbon neutrality education in early childhood education and lead to actual behavioralchanges. Through this, it is significant in that it suggests the possibility that carbon neutralityeducation can develop from simple knowledge transfer to education that induces practicalchanges.
A study on Depression Trajectory Types and Self- Esteem of Disabled People - Focusing on the Growth Mixed Model
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Lee Hyoung-Ha
Published: January 2025

This study aims to apply the growth mixture model to categorize the changetrajectories of depression in people with disabilities over time and to identify how these categorizations affect self-esteem. To this end, data from the 1st (2018) to the 4th (2021) yearof Disability and Life Dynamics Panel were used. As a result of the analysis, first, it wasconfirmed that there were individual differences in the change trajectories of depression inpeople with disabilities. Second, as a result of estimating the number of latent profilesaccording to the change trajectories of depression in people with disabilities, the optimaltwo-tier type was selected and named the ‘gradual depression reduction group (a)’ (84.2%)and the ‘gradual depression increase group (b)’ (15.8%). Third, the more the marital status ofthe disabled person, the better the health, the more the job, and the more respect they receivein their daily lives, the more likely they are to belong to the gradual depression reductiongroup (a). On the other hand, the more economic difficulties, the more severe the disability,and the more multiple disabilities there were, the higher the possibility of belonging to theprogressive depression increase group (b). Fourth, as a result of analyzing the effect of thedepression trajectory type on the self-esteem of the disabled, it was confirmed that the‘progressive depression decrease group’ (a) had higher self-esteem. Based on these researchresults, practical and policy suggestions were made to reduce depression and improveself-esteem of the disabled.
Effect of Social Exclusion of the Elderly in Single-Person Households on Subjective Expectations : Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Quality of Life
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Ju Ye-Won
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to verify the mediating effect of quality of life in therelationship between the social exclusion of the elderly in single-person households on subjective expectations. As for the analysis data, 1,006 elderly people from single-personhouseholds were selected as research subjects using ｢The 9th Aging Research Panel Survey｣of the Korea Employment Information Service(2022). The results of this study aresummarized as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the effects of social exclusion(employment, health, income, participation in social activities) and living standardexpectations, which are sub-factors of subjective expectations, it was found that healthexclusion had a negative effect on living standard expectations. Second, as a result ofanalyzing the effects of social exclusion (employment, health, income, participation in socialactivities) and social security expectations, which are sub-factors of subjective expectations, itwas found that exclusion of participation in social activities had a positive effect on socialsecurity expectations. Third, as a result of analyzing the effects of social exclusion(employment, health, income, participation in social activities) and social situationexpectations, which are sub-factors of subjective expectations, it was found that exclusion ofparticipation in social activities had a negative effect on social situation expectations. Fourth,in the relationship between social exclusion and subjective expectations of the elderly insingle-person households, the quality of life was found to be a complete mediating effect.
A Study on the Response Characteristics of the Wartegg-Zeichentest Picture Test(WZT) according to the Mental Health Level of Juvenile Delinquentss
Authors:   The K Association of Education Research, Ryu Jung-Mi
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to verify the usefulness of the Waltegg (WZT) picturetest as an evaluation tool for the response characteristics of juvenile delinquents according totheir mental health level. The subjects of the study were 198 juvenile delinquents from ajuvenile protection institution located in G-City, and the research tools used were the Walteggpicture test and the Korean Mental Health Scale to determine the level of mental health. Dataanalysis was performed by using cross-tabulation with SPSS 29.0. The research results are asfollows. First, in the differences in Waltegg (WZT) picture response characteristics accordingto the mental health level of juvenile delinquents, the acceptance of stimulus pictures showedsignificant differences in frames 1 and 4. In addition, there was a significant differencebetween frames 2 and 3 in the classification of picture ideation, and between frames 5, 6, and8 in matching the meaning of the picture theme. Significant differences were found in linequality between frames 2, 5, and 6, and in shading and outlines between frames 2, 5, and 7. Second, in the differences in the response characteristics of the Waltegg(WZT) drawingquestion(PDI) after drawing according to the mental health level of juvenile delinquents, theorder of drawings showed significant differences in frames 1, 2, 5, and 6. Besides, At last thetitle also showed a significant difference in frames 1, 4, 7, and 8. On the base of theseresearch results, the Waltegg (WZT) picture test seems to be comfirmed as a useful evaluationtool to determine the level of mental health of delinquent youth.
FEATURES OF OBTAINING A MAGNETRON COATING ON Ti-6Al-4V ALLOY WITH VARIOUS COPPER CONTENT
Authors: B. N. Azamatov  , P. S. Varbanov  , M. A. Sadenova  , A. A. Borisov  , B. Maratuly
Published: January 2025

In the modern world, metals play an invaluable role in various industries. Medical engineering has become an important area of development in modern metallurgy. The disadvantage of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is microbial colonization on its surface, as well as the release of toxic aluminum and vanadium metals into the surrounding tissues, so research on improving the anti-corrosion and antibacterial properties of Ti6Al4V alloy is currently a serious problem. Two-component metal coatings based on
Cu-Ta and Cu-Nb were obtained by magnetron sputtering with joint spraying of targets made of pure metals Cu, Nb, Ta. It was found that coatings with a thickness of 10 microns demonstrated a different degree of antimicrobial efficacy during two days of testing: the maximum inhibition zone of the Ta-Cu coating reached 24.0 mm for S. Aureus and 17.0 mm for C. Albicans. For the Nb-Cu coating with a thickness of 10 microns, the maximum inhibition zone reached 25.0 mm for S. Aureus and
15.5 mm for C. Albicans. It has been shown that with the same thickness, Ta-Cu coatings are better suited to protect the endoprosthe-sis from microbial infections than Nb-Cu coatings.
Keywords: magnetron, metals, alloy, coating, copper.
PLANNING AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE ELECTROSLAG SURFACING mode on THE DEPTH OF PENETRATION OF THE welded TEETH
Authors: B. K. Smailova  , T. M. Buzauova  , I. A. Bartenev  , D. A. Sarbayev  , J. Škamat
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the results of a study of the effect of electroslag surfacing modes on the penetration depth of restored teeth, conducted on the basis of a full factorial experiment (FFE) type 22. The welding current and the voltage on the slag bath were selected as factors. Each experiment was repeated three times, and the results were analyzed to build a regression model that takes into account all interactions of factors. The article describes in detail the process of encoding variable factors, constructing a planning matrix, calculating the coefficients of the regression equation and checking them for significance using the Student’s criterion. The adequacy of the experiment was confirmed by calculations using the Fisher criterion (Fcalculated<Ftable). According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the stress on the slag bath has the most significant effect on the total depth of penetration. The optimal mode has been determined (welding current 400 A and voltage on the slag bath 45 V), which provides the required penetration depth (4.63 mm) of a large-modulus tooth. The convergence of the results of the full-scale test with the results of planning a full factor experiment of type 22 was revealed, which made it possible to determine the optimal surfacing mode. This study can be used to optimize the parameters of electroslag surfacing, which will lead to an increase in the quality and efficiency of restoration of worn teeth.
Keywords: electroslag surfacing, surfacing mode, penetration depth, welding current, welded tooth.
A Review on Utilising Combined Agricultural Waste Adsorbents for Ammonia Nitrogen Removal: Insights into Bamboo Biochar and Empty Fruit Bunch
Authors: Rajin Mariani , Yaser Abu Zahrim , Rahman Dania Hazirah
Published: January 2025

This review highlights the effectiveness of bamboo biochar and empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres as low-cost adsorbents for ammonia nitrogen removal from wastewater. Both materials are highlighted for their abundant availability and substantial adsorption capabilities. Bamboo biochar, derived from pyrolysed bamboo, benefits from its high surface area and porosity, enhanced further through chemical activation that increases its functional groups and pore structure. This modification significantly improves its efficiency in adsorbing ammonia nitrogen. Similarly, EFB, a by-product of palm oil production, is treated through carbonisation and activation, which enhances its adsorption properties. The review also discusses the potential for combining bamboo biochar and EFB, as their complementary properties could offer a more effective solution for wastewater treatment. The paper emphasises the advantages of these materials in addressing environmental challenges and highlights the need for further research into their combined use, as well as their potential for reuse and regeneration to promote sustainability. This review provides insights into optimising adsorbent modifications and exploring practical applications in wastewater treatment.
Keywords: Bamboo biochar; Modified empty fruit bunch; Combined adsorbent; Ammonia nitrogen Adsorption; Wastewater