bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riverbank Stability Assessment under River Water Level Changes and Hydraulic Erosion
Authors: Duong Thi Toan , Do Minh Duc
Published: December 2019

The dominant mechanism of riverbank cantilever failure is soil erosion of the bank toe and near bank zone. This paper demonstrates that the shape of the riverbank cantilever failure depends on the properties of the soil and the fluctuation of the river water level (RWL). With a stable RWL, a riverbank with higher resistance force leads to failure with larger and deeper overhang erosion width. When RWL rises, a less cohesive soil bank will be eroded over a larger width and riverbank failure will occur earlier. With a low rate of rising RWL, riverbank failure may happen in a type of mass failure. With a high rate of rising RWL, a riverbank will fail in a type of overhang riverbank failure, with the soil erosion rate being the main affected factor.
The Influence of Electric Vehicle Charging on Low Voltage Grids with Characteristics Typical for Germany
Authors: Held Lukas , Märtz Alexandra , Krohn Dominik , Wirth Jonas , Zimmerlin Martin , Suriyah Michael R. , Leibfried Thomas , Jochem Patrick , Fichtner Wolf
Published: December 2019

The increasing number of electric vehicles poses new challenges to the power grid. Their charging process stresses the power system, as additional energy has to be supplied, especially during peak load periods. This additional load can result in critical network situations depending on various parameters. These impacts may vary based on market penetration, the energy demand, the plug-in time, the charging rate, and the grid topology and the associated operational equipment. Hence, the impact of electric vehicles (EVs) on the power grid was analysed for twelve typical German low voltage grids by applying power flow calculations. One main result was that thermal and voltage-related network overloads were highly dependent on market penetration and grid topology.
Effects of Urtica dioica, Matricaria chamomilla, and Vitex agnus-castus extracts on in vitro rumen fermentation in normal and following acidosis conditions
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Ahu , PİŞKİN İlksin
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dry extracts of Urtica dioica, Matricaria chamomilla, and Vitex agnus-castus with high phenolic contents on rumen microbial fermentation as compared with those of monensin, a common ionophore antibiotic, using Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC) under normal and acidosis conditions. The treatments were as follows: negative control (no additive), positive control (5 mg/d monensin), and extracts of U. dioica (500 mg/d), M. chamomilla (500 mg/d), and V. agnus-castus (500 mg/d). Neither the plant extracts nor monensin altered the ruminal pH under normal or acidosis conditions. All the treatments affected total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, propionate production, and dry matter digestibility (DMD), regardless of the fermentation conditions. All three extracts increased (P<0.05) total VFA production similar to that observed with monensin (P<0.05). M. chamomilla and V. agnus-castus increased propionate production and DMD similar to that obtained with monensin (P<0.05). In contrast to the monensin treatment, all three extracts increased acetate production under normal conditions (P<0.05). Under acidosis conditions, acetate production remained unchanged in the U. dioica and V. agnus-castus treatments, as well as in the monensin treatment. Under both conditions, the acetate-to-propionate (A:P) ratio decreased only in the monensin treatment (P<0.05). U. dioica and M. chamomilla had antiprotozoal effects (P<0.05) similar to those of monensin, regardless of the condition. The NH3-N concentration declined only in the V. agnus-castus treatment under acidosis conditions (P<0.05). Similar to the monensin treatment, lactate concentrations remained unchanged in the V. agnus-castus treatment under both conditions. In conclusion, plant extracts stimulated fermentative activity of rumen microorganisms under normal and acidosis conditions. Although they did not improve ruminal pH, U. dioica and V. agnus-castus extracts had more favorable effects on some fermentation parameters under acidosis conditions.
Spontaneous toxoplasmosis in a chicken
Authors: EKEBAŞ Görkem , ATASEVER Ayhan , YAMAN GRAM Duygu
Published: December 2019

The carcasses of three 1-year-old, Leghorn chickens were presented for necropsy; one of the chickens was told to have shown neurological signs before death. At necropsy, meningeal and cerebral hyperemia were observed in the carcass that had neurological symptoms, and diarrhea was evident in the other two chickens. Histopathological examination revealed nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis, myositis in skeletal and cardiac muscles, and focal nonsuppurative hepatitis, and nephritis. Bradyzoites and tachyzoites were present in the meninges and brain. The present case is the first report of Toxoplasma gondii infection in a chicken in Turkey.
ESTRATEGIA DE OPERACIONES EN EL ALMACÉN DE MATERIA PRIMA DE UNA EMPRESA DE PINTURA EN VENEZUELA
Authors: Medina Kendris
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo tiene como propósito compartir el plan estratégico diseñado para mejorar las operaciones en el almacén de materia prima en Corimón Pinturas, C.A., debido a la inconsistencia de sus inventarios y el software contable. La investigación se consideró de tipo proyecto factible, bajo un diseño de campo; a su vez para la recolección de la información se seleccionó como técnica de recolección de datos la encuesta; apoyada en el cuestionario, como instrumento. Posteriormente, para la elaboración de las estrategias, se realizó un análisis de los factores externos e internos que afectaban la gestión del inventario de materia prima en la organización, se elaboró una matriz DOFA que sirvió como base para la construcción de las estrategias y actividades que permitieron regular la gestión de inventarios de materia prima en la organización en estudio, tales como elaboración de procedimientos y formatos que de implementarse podrían contribuir al control del citado almacén.
ESTRUCTURA ECONÓMICA DE LAS COOPERATIVAS DE AHORRO Y CRÉDITO EN VENEZUELA
Authors: Figueredo Carmen Thais
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo tiene como propósito describir la estructura económica en las cooperativas venezolanas de ahorro y crédito inscritas en la Central de Integración Cooperativa de la Región Capital a partir de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera completas y las Normas de contabilidad de la Superintendencia Nacional de Cooperativas. Fue una investigación descriptiva bajo el diseño documental y de campo, la población la conforman las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito. Los resultados indican que las cooperativas en el reconocimiento del elemento de la estructura económica-financiera no evalúan si la partida cumple la definición de elemento. Determinan la medición inicial de los elementos en función del monto pagado en efectivo o de la factura. El reconocimiento de la partida lo realizan según las especificaciones de la factura registrándolo en activo, pasivo, costos, gastos en la estructura del código contable. Las cooperativas no cuentan con un marco conceptual que les indique los conceptos necesarios para la preparación y presentación de los estados financieros para usuarios externos.
The Gundestrup Cauldron: Thracian Art, Celtic Motifs
Authors: Kaul Flemming
Published: December 2019

Almost every year new articles dealing with the Gundestrup Cauldron occur. The place of origin has been the main issue of the discussion. Two areas have been preferred : present day France and the areas around Lower Danube. The reason for this divergence is the ambivalence of the testimony provided by the cauldron itself : on one hand the style and workmanship is clearly Thracian, on the other, some of the motifs and objects depicted are Celtic. But many of these Celtic features (shields, carnyces, etc.) occur both in Western and SE-Europe. The style and technique however provide more decisive arguments : the cauldron shows so many close similarities with the Thracian art style that it is clear that it must be a piece of Thracian workmanship. Nowhere in the West do we find a well-established tradition of gilded silver repoussé works in the centuries before the birth of Christ. Amongst characteristic details which are typical of Thracian art, one could mention the way of depicting fur on animals. The cauldron displays a perplexing mixture of Celtic and Thracian elements. Its shape is Celtic, the workmanship Thracian. The antlered god is known as a Celtic god, but is wearing a Thracian garment and a Celtic torque and is surrounded by Thracian animals. On other plates we see torques, both Celtic and clearly non-Celtic – and so forth. If we accept this ambiguity in the evidence, we should not try to argue for a Thracian or a Celtic origin, but use the cultural ambiguity which it expresses as a positive base for understanding its cultural and historical background and accept that two different peoples were involved. One should thus ask where there existed an archaeological scenario which can satisfy the Gundestrup Cauldron’s requirement for cultural coexistence between a Celtic and Thracian tribe. Both archaeological evidence and historical sources hint at a cultural mixture or symbiosis between Thracians and the Celtic Scordisci during the 2nd century BC in NE-Bulgaria and SE-Romania.
La place et la signification du cheval dans l’imagerie celtique
Authors: Kruta Venceslas
Published: December 2019

The place and meaning of the horse in the Celtic imagery.

The horse is the animal most often represented in the Celtic art repertoire, much more than the wild boar, particularly in monetary images. The reason for this vogue has been sought in explanations as varied and different as the importance attached to livestock farming or the expression of a metaphysical concept. The purely Celtic invention of an equine monster with a human head – documented as early as the fifth century BC with the figure of the Reinheim jug and very common later on currencies – suggests that this could be the representation of the animal form of a divine figure, probably solar. Even the image of the sole horse would be the one of the divine avatar rather than a simple animal. To understand the role of the horse in the iconography of the Celts, one should not only look for clues in the equivalences and in the associations of images of the Latenian Celtic art of Ve-Ist century BC, but also go back in time to the Bronze Age. This consideration fully confirms the link in the second half of the second millennium BC between a very large number of animal images, solar themes and an often doubled character of dioscuric nature, in an area which seems to correspond mainly not only to allegedly Celtic populations, but also more largely to Indo-European ones.
Le plomb gaulois de Rezé
Authors: Lambert Pierre-Yves , Stifter David
Published: December 2019

The Gaulish text from Rezé.

This new Gaulish text comes from the district of Saint Lupien, in Rezé, dep. Loire-Atlantique. On this Gallo-Roman site, which was anciently on the southern brink of the Loire, the archaeologists conducted by Martial Monteil have found a lead tablet with an inscription on both sides. After a presentation of the archaeological context, Pierre-Yves Lambert delivered a tentative reading and linguistic interpretation ; David Stifter gave some epigraphic and linguistic remarks and suggested in some cases alternative proposals. The two faces bear essentially an account, with one column of cyphers on the right, and on the left a column of words which reveal to be a series of ordinal numbers, different from the series in La Graufesenque : some ordinal seem to be latish creations, as paetrute “ fourth”, some others would be archaisms, such as pixto-“ fifth”. The “ seventh” was probably the object of some taboo, whence the use of a euphemistic periphrasis. A few marginal notes would record buyings or sellings, with two verbal forms prino and rinoti, and a monetary unit dinariIu (from Latin denarius). There still remain a number of uncertainties.
Culhwch’s weaponry : Penntireg and Enilleg
Authors: Russell Paul
Published: December 2019

L’armement de Culhwch : Penntireg et Ennilleg

Dans le passage de Culhwch ag Olwen qui montre Culhwch allant à cheval à la cour d’Arthur, les deux manuscrits, le Livre Blanc et le Livre Rouge, emploient l’expression gleif penntirec pour désigner son arme. Une correction proposée par Thomas Jones s’est imposée maintenant comme la norme : elle consiste à corriger penntirec en ennillec, et à considérer que gleif était au départ une glose à ennillec qui a été introduite dans le texte principal ; ainsi, l’édition Evans-Bromwich donne ici gleif

(ennillec). On montrera que la correction est mal assurée et qu’il vaut mieux restaurer le mot penntirec dans le texte de Culhwch, ainsi que dans le lexique du moyen-gallois. L’étude réexamine l’étymologie et le sens des termes ennillec et penntirec, en supposant qu’à l’origine ces deux noms d’armes avaient approximativement le même sens, «arme permettant d’accumuler des propriétés » .
“Birdenbire” Hikâyesi Bağlamında Ömer Seyfettin’in Evlilik Kurumuna Bakışı
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Cihan
Published: December 2019

Ömer
Seyfettin, hikâye, roman, edebiyat tenkidi, dil, siyaset ve düşünce alanlarında
eserler vermiş çok yönlü bir yazardır. Hikâyelerinde ele aldığı konu, tema ve
tiplerin zenginliği ile bu türün gelişmesine ciddi katkılar yapmış ve edebiyat
tarihimizde göz ardı edilemeyecek bir yer kazanmıştır. Ömer Seyfettin, sosyal
tenkit ve hiciv alanındaki hikâyelerinde, Türk toplumunun her yaş, cinsiyet ve
meslek grubuna ait insan tipini, realist biçimde tasvir etmiş bir hikâye
ustasıdır. Osmanlı Devleti’nin çöküş döneminde siyasi ve sosyal felaketlere
şahit olmuş, cemiyet hayatındaki yozlaşmayı yakından gözlemlemiş bir yazar
olarak, bütün bu hadiselerle ilgili duygu, düşünce ve gözlemlerini hikâye formu
içerisinde başarıyla ifade etmiştir. Ömer Seyfettin, zengin şahıs kadrosuna ve çarpıcı
olay örgülerine sahip hikâyeleri yoluyla kültürel değerlerdeki bozulmayı tenkit
etmiş, topluma mesajlarını iletmiş ve inandığı değerleri ön plana çıkarmıştır. Bu
yazı, Ömer Seyfettin'in söz konusu hikâyelerine güzel bir örnek teşkil eden
“Birdenbire” hikâyesi çerçevesinde onun evlilik kurumuna bakış açısını
göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Web-Based Population Cencus Design in Neighborhood Building
Authors: Sudarto Ferry , Yondari Anisa
Published: December 2019

The population census at the neighborhood level is usually still processed using a manual system. However, the obstacles that arise due to manual processing are quite troublesome, especially when searching for information because the majority of the population works so it is difficult to process data. This study aims to produce an information system for population census management that is faster, more effective, effective and efficient in the neighborhood. The method used in compounding and making this application is by utilizing software development methods, namely the waterfall method which includes analysis, design, coding and testing. The results of this study are the creation of a web to make it easier for residents and heads to manage population censuses, assist in the process of inputting data, searching data, and reporting residents.
Water, Nutrient, and Energy-use Efficiencies of No-till Rainfed Cropping Systems with or without Residue Retention in a Semi-Arid Dryland Area
Authors: Amgain Lal , Sharma Ajit , Timsina Jagadish , Wagle Pradeep
Published: December 2019

No-till rainfed cropping systems are being considered by farmers to make farming more profitable by reducing production costs, thereby enhancing resource-use efficiency. Field studies were conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi during rainy and winter seasons of 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 to examine consumptive use of water (CW), water-use efficiency (WUE), nutrient uptake and balance, and energy-use efficiency (EUE) of nine diverse cropping systems based on three rainy season crops - pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), and green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) followed by three winter crops - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in each of those three rainy season crop planted fields under no-till semi-arid rainfed conditions. Three residue treatments [i.e., no residue, crop residue, and Ipil-ipil {Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) twigs}] were examined for both rainy season and winter crops. Retention of crop residues significantly increased soil moisture, CW, and WUE in all cropping systems. Good growth of mustard, chickpea, and wheat after cluster bean, and a large amount of cluster bean green pods resulted in substantially higher CW and WUE of cluster bean-based systems compared to pearl millet- and green gram-based systems. Crop nutrient uptake increased substantially under crop residue and Leucaena twigs treatments compared to no-residue control plots due to enhanced crop growth and augmentation of nutrients. However, nutrient uptake and apparent nutrient balances varied greatly among cropping systems. Energy input requirement increased by approximately 10 times under crop residue and Leucaena twigs treatments. As a result, net energy balance and EUE were substantially higher for no-residue treatments. Leucaena twigs treatments had higher net energy balance and EUE than crop residue treatments, indicating the importance of leguminous residues in crop production. Results indicate the necessity of exercising optimal balance between retention of crop residues and energy inputs for the long-term soil health and sustainability of cropping systems.
Wars in the later 21st century: Forecast developments in the methods of warfare
Authors: Górnikiewicz Marcin
Published: December 2019

Objectives

This paper attempts to forecast the future of warfare methods in the forthcoming decades of the 21st century. The predictions reflect on the current trends observed in the development of military and civil (dual-use) technologies and changes in thought constructs developed for hostilities.

Methods

Empirical and theoretical research methods were utilised in the study. The research data, obtained from the review of source materials, were subsequently subjected to examination through analysis, synthesis and comparison.

Results

The methods of warfare at the turn of the 21st century are likely to reflect the technological evolution of the modern age. Considering the present-day trends, there is a good probability that our technology-driven lives will transform people into hybrids of biological organisms merged with the technological environment, integrated with the body. Therefore, hostile action against human soldiers could be taken on three major levels: the biological organism, the mass communication technology integrated into the body, and the mental level – both in the conscious and the subconscious sphere. The study into how the soldier’s mental sphere can be influenced to anticipate and shape behaviours may contribute to further research on the third level impact on enemy soldiers.

Conclusions

The conclusions formulated in this analysis may carry significant implications for the works on an innovative methodology of the future warfare, accounting for the technological progress in the next decades of the 21st century, and a methodology for countering future military threats.
Pelayanan Klinik Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ambarawa Kabupaten Semarang Tahun 2017
Authors: Susanti Rini , Sari Kartika
Published: December 2019

Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) merupakan salah satu strategi kesehatan masyarakat yang dilakukan untuk menangani penyebaran HIV/AIDS (Depkes, 2006). VCT perlu dilakukan karena merupakan pintu masuk untuk menuju keseluruh layanan HIV/AIDS, dapat memberikan keuntungan bagi klien dengan hasil tes positif maupun negative dengan vokus pemberian dukungan terapi ARV (Anti Retroviral), dapat membantu mengurangi stigma di masyarakat, serta dapat memudahkan akses keberbagai layanan kesehatan maupun layanan psikolososial yang dibutuhkan klien. Bagaimana pelayanan Klinik VCT/CST di RSUD Ambarawa Kabupaten Semarang dilihat dari Pelayanan klinik VCT dan Fasilitas Sarana Prasarana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Metode analisis menggunakan deskriptif analisis. Sebanyak 0.97 % responden menilai sarana dan prasarana Klinik VCT yang dinilai baik adalah papan nama atau papan petunjuk ruangan/klinik sudah jelas, terdapat ruang tunggu yang nyaman, ruang tunggu terdapat kotak saran, ruang tunggu tersedia meja dan kursi yang nyaman, jam layanan konseling dan testing sesuai dengan jam kerja di rumah sakit,dan jam layanan konseling dan testing buka setiap hari,sebanyak 1% responden menilai layanan Klinik VCT/CST yang dinilai baik adalah penampilan petugas terlihat rapi, dan penampilan petugas terlihat bersih. Sarana dan prasaran Klinik VCT secara umum sudah baik. Sarana dan prasarana yang masih kurang yaitu belum tersedianya jam layanan VCT pada sore hari, pintu masuk ruangan konseling masih sama dengan pintu keluar.Layanan VCT secara umum sudah berjalan lancar namun beberapa kendala yang masih dihadapi yaitu dari segi konselor, dibutuhkan jumlah konselor yang cukup agar layanan dapat dilakukan dan pasien tidak menunggu lama.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Terhadap Status Imunisasi pada Bayi Usia 12-24 Bulan di Perumahan Lingkar Asri Kelurahan Bajur Kecamatan Labu Api Lombok Barat
Authors: Afrida Baiq Ricca , Annisa Nurul Hikmah , Antari Gladeva Yugi
Published: December 2019

Imunisasi merupakan suatu tindakan pemberian kekebalan kepada anak terhadap penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi sebelum berusia 12 bulan yaitu tuberkulosis, polio, hepatitis B, difteri, pertusis, tetanus, dan campak. Imunisasi dasar dengan lengkap dan teratur dengan mendapat semua jenis imunisasi dasar pada waktu anak berusia kurang dari 11 bulan dapat mengurangi angka kesakitan dan kematian balita sekitar 80-95%. Imunisasi dasar yang tidak lengkap, maksimum hanya dapat memberikan perlindungan 25-40%. Peran seorang ibu pada program imunisasi sangat penting, pengetahuan ibu berkaitan dengan imunisasi dasar bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu terhadap status imunisasi dasar pada bayi usia 12-24 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain korelasi deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan total population. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perumahan Lingkar Asri Kelurahan Bajur Kecamatan Labu Api Lombok Barat pada Februari-Maret 2018. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner. Analisa data yang digunakan chi-square. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan nilai p=0,000 terhadap status imunisasi dasar. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan agar tenaga kesehatan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan, upaya promosi kesehatan berupa support sosial, yakni peningkatan kualitas penyuluhan kesehatan, memberikan motivasi dalam memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan terutama imunisasi.
Kontrastivitas Aspek-Kala Makna Verba Tsukeru dan Kakeru dengan Makna Verba Menggunakan dan Memakai dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Teguh
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini membahas tentang perbedaan dan persamaan aspek dan kala makna verba tsukeru dan kakeru dengan makna verba memakai dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah bertujuan untuk memperoleh deskripsi mengenai perbedaan dan persamaaan bentuk kala dan aspek dalam verba tsukeru dan kakeru dalam bahasa Jepang dengan makna verba menggunakan dan memakai padanan verba tsukeru dan kakeru dalam bahasa Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan teknik pengkajian data menggunakan metode padan dengan menggunakan teknik pendekatan linguistik kontrastif, disebut juga linguistik bandingan yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persamaan dan perbedaan dua bahasa yang berbeda. Pendeskripsian persamaan dan perbedaan tersebut akan bermanfaat untuk pengajaran kedua bahasa, sebagai bahasa kedua (bahasa asing). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan konteks yang menyatakan deiksisnya apakah menggunakan penanda waktu sekarang, hari ini, baru-baru ini atau kata keterangan sedang sebagai penanda waktu kala kini/sekarang/sedang berlangsung, apakah akan menggunakan penanda waktu kemarin, dulu/dahulu, tadi pagi, atau kata keterangan telah/sudah sebagai penanda kala lampau (past tense)nya tergantung pada data yang diperolehnya. Selanjutnya, dari segi aspek verba memakai termasuk aspek imperfektif (kognitif, kontinuatif, duratif progresif atau berulang-ulang dan terus berlanjut.
Technology in Education: Looking Back From 2020
Authors: Doroudi Shayan
Published: December 2019

In 1988, a book was published by the name of "Technology in Education: Looking Toward 2020." Its purpose was to have thought leaders in educational research envision what the role of technology should be in 2020's educational landscape. By reflecting on how the visions of the book's authors align with the current state of educational technology, I hope to draw insights for the path forward for research on technology in education. While the authors were fairly accurate in predicting the technological state of 2020 and laid out noble educational visions, by and large their visions have not come true. I draw on the analysis of two of the book's authors to show that to design productive educational technologies, we need to take socio-cultural factors, including the organization of schools and equity, into account. To mitigate these concerns, we must work together to design socio-technical environments that foster productive and equitable learning in the twenty-first century.
IVAN KURATOV AND KUSEBAI GERD: TOWARDS A COMPARATIVE STUDY TIPOLOGY IMAGERY OF THE LYRICS (to the 180th anniversary since the birth of the scientist-linguist, the first Komi poet Ivan Kuratov (1839 - 1875)
Authors: Vanyushev Vasilii Mikhailovich
Published: December 2019

The article reveals a typological similarity of the image system in a number of programmatic poems of Ivan kuratova, on the one hand, and a classic of Udmurt literature Kuzma Pavlovich Chainikova, widely known by the pseudonym Kusebay Gerd (1898-1937) on the other. Images of darkness enveloping everything around, the desire to dispel it, hopes for the sunrise, the life-giving power of the native word, song, poetry create a through emotional space of communication between two related peoples. Despite the difference in the time of the poets, the second of them seems to pick up the metaphor of the burning problems of modern society, revealing the unchanging faith of peoples in a better future.
ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPEDITION OF THE UDMURT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE (EE OF THE USRI - 70)
Authors: Vladykin Vladimir Emelyanovich
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the initial stage of the author’s research activities in Udmurtia, namely arranging and holding the first ethnographic expedition of the Udmurt Scientific Research Institute under the Council of Ministers of the UASSR (EE of the USRI - 1970). The expedition’s goal was to confirm (to clarify or to deny) traditional opinion of pre-revolutionary time about strong russification of the northern Udmurts in comparison to the southern groups. It turned out that this opinion is highly exaggerated since northern Udmurts had preserved a lot of original local cultural features which had been lost among other neighboring ethnic groups, whereas the Russian impact, as well as the Turkic one, happened far earlier. Special attention was paid on Besermyans - an enigmatic people dwelling among the northern Udmurts for a number of centuries but preserving the features of the southern Udmurt speech. Later observations of the Besermyan household and culture were summarized in my article; I made an assumption about their ethnogenesis. In spite of a great number of today’s scientific ideas, the Besermyans’ ethnogenesis, in my opinion, still remains hypothetic.
Chemical Weapons: History of the Study of Organophosphorus Toxic Agents Abroad
Authors: Kostyuchenko I.V Nelga I.A.
Published: December 2019

Organophosphorus compounds occupy a unique positon among all chemical warfare agents (CWA's). Since the 1930-s their high toxicity, wide range of physical-chemical properties and complex action attracted close attention of foreign military experts. In 1936 a German chemist, Dr. Gerhard Schrader, synthesized O-ethyl-dimethyl amidocyanophosphate, known as tabun, for the first time. By the beginning of World War II, more than two thousand new organophosphorus and phosphorus containing compounds were synthesized by his laboratory's stuff. Some of these compounds were selected for further study as CW agents and subsequently were adopted as weapons by the German army. In 1938 the same Gerhard Schrader have synthesized the organophosphorus compound, closed to tabun, but more toxic: О-isopropyl methyl fluorophosphate, called sarin. In
1944 the German chemist, the 1938 Nobel laureate in chemistry Richard Kuhn synthesized soman and revealed the damaging effect of organophosphorus CWA's. In 1941 the British chemist Bernard Saunders synthesized diisopropyl fluorophosphate. During World War II the industrial production of organophosphorus CWA's was organized in Germany, Great Britain and in the USA. Germany produced tabun, sarin and soman, the western allies: diisopropyl fluorophosphate. Till the end of World War II the leadership in the sphere of the development of nerve agents belonged to Nazi Germany. After the end of the war the German scientists, many of whom were devoted Nazis, continued their work under the auspices of military departments of the USA and Great Britain. Subsequently phosphorylated thiocholine esters: V-series substances (VG, VM, VR, VX, EA 3148, EA3317 agents etc.) were synthesized with their participation. The wide range of organophosphorus compounds was tested on volunteers in Porton Down (Great Britain) and in the Edgewood arsenal (USA). But after the synthesis of V-series agents the work on organophosphorus CWA's did not stop. In recent years there appeared the tendency of the transformation of real threats connected with the chemical weapons use, to propaganda sphere. The provocation which the «Novichok» agent, arranged primitively by the British intelligence, is the perfect example of such a transformation. But it does not mean that the research in the sphere of new organophosphorus CWA's in the West is stopped
Central Sensitization Syndrome and Hypothyroidism:
An Evaluation of Symptom Severity and Comorbid Diagnoses
Authors: Howard Krista , Synder Morgan , Haskard-Zolnierek Kelly , Howard Jeffrey T.
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective: Central sensitization is considered the cause of medically unexplained pain-related conditions, often expressed with other somatoform disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of overlap of symptom severity and comorbid diagnoses between hypothyroidism and central sensitization syndrome (CSS). Methods: Three hundred eighty-five individuals with hypothyroidism completed the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) and measures evaluating symptom severity and comorbid diagnoses.
Results: Hypothyroid patients with high CSI scores (Severe and Extreme subscales) were more likely to report fibromyalgia, musculoskeletal pain, arthritis, and migraine, along with chronic fatigue syndrome, gastrointestinal problems, depression and anxiety disorders. The key symptoms related to CSS were depressive symptoms, fatigue, headaches, and aches/pains. The key comorbidities related to CSS were lower age, and depression and/or anxiety diagnoses.
Conclusion: Hypothyroid patients reporting greater ratings of hypothyroid symptoms, particularly fatigue, aches/pains, and depression symptoms may be exhibiting central sensitization, and further testing for CSS conditions should be considered.

Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Central Sensitization, Fibromyalgia, Chronic Pain, Depression
فاعلية الخصخصة في الاقتصاد العراقي وإمكانية الإصلاح المستقبلية
Authors: أ.د. محمود حسين علي المرسومي  , م.م. محمد حسين ناصرالبدري  , م.م. أحمد حسين ناصر البدري
Published: December 2019

Is a stunning change that swept through many developing countries towards the implementation of the transfer of public property for private, if because of the negative consequences of public sector performance in many areas, tended much to increase the contribution of the private sector in economic life, through the so-called privatization. The research aims to discuss the trends and methods of privatization in the light of the nature of the transition and its mechanisms as a product of capitalist ideology by examining the reality of the Iraqi economy, rings with presenting some research findings and recommendations that can benefit from them in the light of the implementation of privatization.
Utilization and Measurements of Ferric Oxide thin films as a Nitride Dioxide gas sensor
Authors: Baha'a A.M. Al-Hilli  , Nabeel M.Merza
Published: December 2019

في هذا البحث تم تحضير ودراسة خصائص التحسسية لغاز أوكسيد الناتروجين (NO2) المحضر من أغشية أوكسيد الحديد النانوية (Fe2O3) بطريقة الترذيذ الماكنتروني بتيار مستمر (Magnetron DC-Sputtering) على قاعدة زجاجية وبأسماك مختلفة أعتمادا على ظروف الترسيب. تم قياس تحسسية هذه الاغشية لدرجات حرارة مختلفة (200, 250, 300 oC). وقد بينت نتائج هذه الدراسة زيادة التحسسية الغازية كلما كان الغشاء أقل سمكاً (حجم حبيبي أصغر)، وكذلك زيادة التحسسية بزيادة درجة حرارة التشغيل.
PENGARUH KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR TERHADAP KINERJA PERAWAT RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN PANIAI PROPINSI PAPUA
Authors: Pigome Hoseo , Sapiri Muhtar , Abduh Thamrin
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji, menganalisis dan menginterpretasi, pengaruh kecerdasan emosional, komitmen organisasi, dan organizational citzenship, terhadap kinerja perawat pada RSUD Kabupaten Paniai Propinsi Papua.Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode survey, Populasi dan sampel adalah 83 orang pegawai.Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, kuesioner dan studi pustaka. Data hasil penelitian akan dianalisis melalui alat uji statistik dengan menggunakan software SPSS 24. Hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Kecerdasan emosional berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja perawat Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Paniai Propinsi Papua. Perasaan atau emosi perawat saat bekerja akan menentukan kualitas dan kuantitas kerja, semakin positif emosi perawat maka kinerja dapat dioptimalkan. 2) Komitmen organisasi berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja perawat Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Paniai Propinsi Papua. Perawat yang memiliki komitmen positif dengan instansi akan menetap lama di dalam organisasi itu karena merasa terikat dengan organisasi, sehingga mereka akan bekerja dengan semangat yang tinggi dan kualitas yang prima. 3) Organizational citizenship behaviour berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja perawat Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Paniai Propinsi Papua. OCB  berkontribusi besar dalam masalah pekerjaan, perawat yang memiliki OCB akan bekerja lebih produktif dibadingkan dengan perawat yang tidak memiliki perilaku ini.
ANALISIS PENGARUH NILAI NASABAH, REPUTASI DAMPAKNYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT MENABUNG NASABAH MELALUI KEPERCAYAAN (Studi Kasus Pada PT BRI (Persero) Tbk Unit Bulu-Bulu Cabang Maros)
Authors: Fatmawinarti Titi , Chahyono Chahyono , Remmang Hasanuddin
Published: December 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh nilai nasabah dan reputasi terhadap minat menabung melalui kepercayaan pada PT. BRI (Persero) Unit Bulu-Bulu Cabang Maros. Jumlah responden sebanyak 112 orang yaitu nasabah yang dilakukan pada kantor tersebut.Dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda melalui pendekatan jalur atau path.Dari hasil analisis pengolahan data, maka diketahui bahwa nilai nasabah, reputasi dan kepercayaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menabung secara langsung dan nilai nasabah dan reputasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menabung melalui kepercayaan, maka dilakukan pengujuan regresi kedua. Hasil yang ditunjukan bahwa nilai nasabah dan reputasi memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menabung melalui kepercayaan. Hubungan tidak langsung memiliki koefisien regresi yang lebih besar dari hubungan langsung yang terjadi. Hal ini diperoleh dari nilai koefisien total yang lebih besar.
ЛАЗЕРНЫЙ ДЕФОРМОГРАФ С ФОРМИРОВАНИЕМ КВАДРАТУРНЫХ СИГНАЛОВ
Authors: Shvets V.A.
Published: December 2019

В данной работе приведены некоторые результаты разработки, создания и использования регистрирующих систем для длиннобазовых лазерных деформографов и других измерительных приборов, созданных на его основе. В качестве источника излучения используется частотностабилизированный лазер с длиной волны 633 нм. Приведено описание регистрирующей системы лазерного деформографа с использованием квадратурных сигналов, позволяющей достигать высокой чувствительности (L/L 1010), способной регистрировать колебания высокой частоты (до 4 кГц), имеющей высокую надежность. Представлены результаты испытаний данной системы и ее работы в составе измерительного комплекса. Ключевые слова: лазер, интерферометр, лазерный деформограф.

This article gives a brief overview of results achieved in process of design, developing and using of data acquisition systems for LSM (longbase strainmeters) and other devices based on laser interferometers. А frequencystabilized 633 nm laser is used as a light source. The data acquisition system of homodyne quadrature LSM was described, and main characteristics of the instrument are: high sensivity (L/L 1010), high sample rate (up to 4 kHz), high reliability. Trial records and experimental data obtained in measuring complex were processed and some results are presented. Keywords: laser, interferometer, laser strainmeter.
НИЗКОЧАСТОТНЫЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ АКУСТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ НА ШЕЛЬФЕ ЯПОНСКОГО МОРЯ (ЗАЛИВ ПЕТРА ВЕЛИКОГО)
Authors: Samchenko A.N. , Pivovarov A.A. , Shvyrev A.N. , Yaroshchuk I.O.
Published: December 2019

В статье обсуждаются результаты экспериментальных работ, проведенных в осенний период 2016 и 2017 гг. в заливе Петра Великого Японского моря. В экспериментах использовались низкочастотные гидроакустические излучатели с центральной несущей частотой 22 и 33 Гц и гидроакустического излучателя с центральной несущей частотой 240 Гц, прием сигналов осуществлялся на автономные гидроакустические станции (АГС), синхронизированные по времени. Акустические исследования проводились совместно с гидрологическими измерениями СТДзондом и заякоренными автономными термогирляндами. На основе результатов гидроакустических экспериментов, где использовались гидроакустические излучатели 22 и 33 Гц, показана возможность решения как обратных задач, так и геоакустической инверсии. Полученные в результате измерений групповые скорости различных мод позволяют провести оценки геоакустических свойств дна. Экспериментально показано, что на распространение сигналов с частотами более 200 Гц вдоль акустической трассы сильное влияние оказывает гидрология. Ключевые слова: Гидроакустика, геоакустическая модель, низкочастотный гидроакустический излучатель, залив Петра Великого.

The paper discusses the results of experimental work carried out in the autumn period of 2016 and 2017 in Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan. We used lowfrequency hydroacoustic emitters with a central carrier frequency of 22 and 33 Hz and a hydroacoustic emitter with a central carrier frequency of 240 Hz. The signals were registered at autonomous hydroacoustic stations (AHS) and were synchronized in time. Acoustic studies were supplemented with hydrological measurements obtained from CTD probe and moored autonomous thermostrings. The possibility of solving both inverse problems and geoacoustic inversion problems was shown basing on the results of hydroacoustic experiments by means of the hydroacoustic emitters at 22 and 33 Hz. The group velocities of different modes obtained as a result of measurements allowed us to estimate the geoacoustic properties of the bottom. It was experimentally proved that the propagation of signals with frequencies greater than 200 Hz along the acoustic path is strongly influenced by hydrology. Keywords: Hydroacoustic, geoacoustic model, lowfrequency hydroacoustic radiator, Peter the Great Bay.
МОДУЛЯЦИЯ ПОЛЯ ПОГРАНИЧНЫХ ВОЛН ВНУТРЕННИМИ ВОЛНАМИ В ПЕРЕХОДНОЙ ЗОНЕ ШЕЛЬФ - ГЛУБОКОЕ МОРЕ
Authors: Kasatkin B.A. , Kasatkin S.B.
Published: December 2019

Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований влияния внутренних волн на интерференционную структуру звукового поля, сформированного пограничными волнами Релея Шолте в переходной зоне шельф глубокое море. Это влияние проявляется в периодической модуляции частоты максимума спектральной плотности мощности на сонограммах звукового поля, зарегистрированных комбинированным приёмником, в инфразвуковом диапазоне частот, причём амплитуда модуляции пропорциональна частоте. Анализируется зависимость периода модуляции от взаимного расположения приёмных модулей, шумящего судна, формирующего звуковое поле дискретными составляющими вально лопастного звукоряда, и предполагаемого направления распространения внутренних волн. Отмечено, что наибольшее влияние внутренние волны оказывают на структуру вихревой составляющей вектора интенсивности. Ключевые слова: внутренние волны, пограничные волны, инвариант, комбинированный приёмник, сонограмма.

The results of experimental studies of the influence of internal waves on the interference structure of the sound field formed by the RayleighSholte boundary waves in the transition zone of the shelf deep sea are presented. This effect is manifested in the periodic modulation of the frequency of the maximum of the power spectral density in the sonograms of the sound field recorded by the combined receiver in the infrasonic frequency range, with the modulation amplitude proportional to the frequency. The dependence of the modulation period on the relative position of the receiving modules, the noisy vessel that forms the sound field by the discrete components of the vane blade scale, and the expected direction of propagation of internal waves is analyzed. It is noted that internal waves have the greatest effect on the structure of the vortex component of the intensity vector. Keywords: internal waves, boundary waves, invariant, combined receiver (acoustic vector sensor), sonogram.
从伏邪理论探讨肝细胞癌的治疗
Authors: 杜 井富 , 刘 咏菲 , 贺 习婷 , 李 红燕 , 刘 松江
Published: December 2019

肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。尽管近几十年来在诊断和多模式治疗方面取得了进展，但HCC 患者的预后仍然不容乐观，主要原因是其高复发率和转移率。人们普遍认为，肝细胞癌文从中医角度出发，将伏邪理论运用于肝细胞癌的治疗，将更好地指导临床治疗。
Keanekaragaman Musuh Alami Tanaman Padi pada Lahan Lebak di Tiga Desa Kecamatan Sungai Pandan Kabupaten HSU
Authors: Adriani Farida , Hafizah Nur
Published: December 2019

Utilization of insect diversity is useful in overcoming pest in the field, by using parasitoids and predators to control pests, can prevent the use of toxic chemicals in the field, while providing a safe haven for other species to live and play its role in maintaining the health of the ecosystem. Insect diversity in South Kalimantan, especially paddy fields in swampy areas largely unknown, and therefore need to be examined. The aim of this study is to identify and assess the diversity of natural enemies in paddy crop in swampy areas, especially in the three villages in the district of  Sungai Pandan, Hulu Sungai Utara. This study was conducted from February - June 2015. The method used in this research is survey method with direct observation with an area of rice fields has been determined, and sampling arthropod natural enemies by using a swinging nets, water traps and light traps. Results from this study are: (1) The number of arthropod natural enemies found in shallow swamps is 20 species from seven orders, mid swamps and in each of the 16 species of seven orders; (2) The highest predator arthropod population in the shallow swamp area is Micraspis sp., The middle swamp is Paederus fuscipes, and the deep swamp is Micraspis sp. ; and (3) the diversity index of natural enemies of arthropods on the third mainland is low
Optimasi Keuntungan Industri Rumah Tangga Tahu dan Tempe Di Desa Murung Kupang Kecamatan Babirik Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara
Authors: Saihani Azwar
Published: December 2019

This study aims to (i) know the optimal benefits of tofu and tempeh making business with limited resources, (ii) conduct sensitivity analysis on the optimal conditions of the benefits of tofu and tempeh business. This research was conducted in Murung Kupang Village, Babirik District, North Hulu Sungai Regency. The method of collecting data uses a case study by interviewing Pak Sarwani to obtain the necessary data. The point of optimal home industry and tofu solutions occurs at coordinates {(29.66), (357.47)}, this means that optimal benefits occur when production of tofu (X1) is 29.66 prints of tofu and (X2) of 357, 47 tempe cut each time the product. While the optimal amount of profit obtained is USD 1357,941 per one production in one day. Maximum and minimum limit for optimization of tempe and tempeh tofu industry. The maximum profit margin exits between 43,819 to 27,200 and the minimum margin of profit margin between 70,317 to 43,819, while the maximum limit of profit margin for tempe that has not been used is between 911,222 to 567,850, the minimum tempe profit margin between 1,468 to 911,222, and the translation value constraint function shadow 1 (soybeans) it appears that if the resource (right value) exceeds the 10% constraint function, ie from 102 663 933.33 to the optimal value of Rp 161,261, increasing from Rp 1,357,941 to Rp 1,519,202
Pergeseran Komposisi Gulma, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung Manis dengan Aplikasi Herbisida Campuran
Authors: Simanihuruk Bilman Wilman
Published: December 2019

The decline in sweet corn production needs to be done to increase production through the use of dry land, both those that have become agricultural land and those that have not been used. In the business of using dry land it is often found that problems such as productivity decline rapidly, low soil fertility and many types of weeds. Especially wide, narrow weed leaves and woody shrubs. Experiment using Split Plot Design. The main plot is the dose of glyphosate consists of 3 levels, namely g1= 1,5 l/ha, g2 = 2 l/ha, dan g3 = 2,5  l/ha. The subplot is a 2,4-D dose consisting of 3 levels, namely d1 = 0,5 l/ha, d2 = 1 l/ha, d3= 1,5 l/ha. The use of a herbicide mixture of glyphosate and 2,4-D was able to shift the weed composition with a value of C of 68.75% at 2 days before harvest. Glyphosate herbicide dose of 1.5 l/ha was able to produce plant growth rates of 2.23607813 g cm-2 days-1, and the weight of the selling cob was 129,408 g
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Konsumen dalam Proses Pengambilan Keputusan Pembelian Kerupuk Itik di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara
Authors: Sitanggang Miranda Romaully Br. , Dewi Nidiya
Published: December 2019

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence consumers in making decisions to purchase duck crackers. The research was conducted in Amuntai City by collecting data using an accidental sampling method, which was met by 10 duck cracker sellers, of which 10 people were taken from 10 sellers. The research results of the characteristics of duck cracker consumers are housewives, fathers, students and adolescents. The survey results showed that the dominating consumers were 54 female sexes (67.5%). The results of the regression analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2) of the regression equation as a whole there are influences of independent variables including culture, social, individual, and psychological on purchasing decisions that can be seen in the adjusted R square value of 0.130. Factors that influence consumers in the purchase decision of duck crackers by 13% and 87% are influenced by other factors not included in the regression model. The regression test results are as follows: Y = 5.105 + 0.170X1 + 0.048 X2 + 0.119X3 + 0.306X4. Cultural, social and individual factors have no significant effect on the purchasing decision of duck crackers, while psychological factors influence the decision to purchase duck crackers in real time