bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Classic Definition of Probability and Fractions: Difficulties and Possibilities as the Primary School Level
Authors:   University di Cagliari, Caredda Carla , Puxeddu Maria ,   Convitto Nazionale
Published: June 2022

The concept of fraction represents, a moment of difficulty both for teachers, from which it requires adequate teaching abilities, and for children, who must be highly motivated to understand it. It is not rash to state that even the scholastic stages following the primary school level the approach to fractions requires special attention of the part of teachers and students. Fractional notation expresses different "mathematical moments" which obviously go beyond the traditional teaching concept of the whole to the part. The educative process at the primary school level traditionally starts from this approach and with this content, with the idea of latest broadening its fields of application. in some of these the same notation is subsequently used, In Italian primary school syllabuses for 1985, the girls outlined for the first cycle (first and second years) call explicitly for the use of the fraction symbol in the classic terms of the concept of whole/part: "... with the aid of an adequate number of objects, calculate the reciprocal connection double/ha.f, triple/thrid, quadruple/fourth, and so on..." Amount the goals of the second cycle (3rd, 4th and 5th years) pupils must: "... find the fractions representing parts of suitable geometrical figures, set of objects or numbers; conversely, given a fraction, find the corresponding part in appropriate geometric figures, set of objects or numbers, paying special attention to decimal places. Compare and out in order the simplest fractions, using properly the number-line...".
Teach-Stat: A Professional development Program for Elementary Teachers (Grades K-6) in North Carolina, U.S.A
Authors:   University of N.C., Frierson Dargan , Friel Susan ,   University of N.C., Berenson Sarah ,   N.C. State University, Bright George ,   University of N.C., Tremblay Cliff ,   Penbroke State University
Published: June 2022

Tech-Stat is a professional development program for elementary teachers (grade K-6) in North Carolina funded by the National Science Foundation and jointly sponsored bt the University of N.C. Mathematics and Science Education Network, the N.C. Department of Public Instruction and the N.C. Science and mathematics Alliance. The Teach-Stat faculty are developing materials to help teachers expand their knowledge and understanding of statistics and to help them teach it to elementary students through an activity-based, data investigations approach. We expect reachers who participate in the Tech-Stat program will reframe the way they teach mathematics, science and social studies through the integration of data analysis actives into these subject areas. This paper provides an overview of Tech-Stat, a brief description of some of the workshop materials that have been developed for it, and a preliminary report on several results that are beginning to emerge from the project.
Stat-Maps
Authors:   Appalachian State University, Perry MIke
Published: June 2022

STAT-MAPS, "Statistics-Materials and Activities for Problem Solving", is a four year project (1991-94) in the Department of mathematical Sciences, Appalachian State University, USA. Funded by the National Science Foundation, The STAT-MAPS project is developing curriculum and materials for students in grades 9-12 (ages 15-17), The STAT-MAPS curriculum is giving attention to students with a broad range of abilities and interests, not just the college bound one or the advanced students who have a special interest in science or mathematics.
Statistics: A Motion for Secondary School Mathematics
Authors:   University of Florida, Scheaffer Richard
Published: June 2022

The notion that data collection and analysis should be an integral part of the secondary mathematics curriculum in the United States has enjoyed an ongoing debate since at lease the early part of this century. it was suggested by some around the time that Walter Shewhart introduced the control chart for quality improvement in the 1920's and was still being suggested by many in the years following World War II. At that time, one of those proposing that data analysis skills are essential requirements for all students was W. Edwards Deming who, of course, went on to become famous fro his wire in process improvement. This practical side of mathematics education lost momentum in the 1960's with the advent of the so-called "new math" movement, which emphasize formal mathematical structure and logic.
Squashing the Beef: Why American Animal Rights Advocates Should Start Liking Jewish and Islamic Law
Authors: Saeed Samier
Published: June 2022

Animal rights advocates in the West decry the mistreatment of animals, such as their use in experimentation and, most notoriously, factory farming. They identify the fact that animals are legally considered mere property as the source of these abuses. They also tend to view Abrahamic religions as responsible for this paradigm and in conflict with animal rights. The most flashpoint in this context is the battle over Jewish and Muslim ritual slaughter. However, this Note argues, animal rights advocates mistarget their animosity. Jewish and Islamic law are quite favorable towards animals in comparison to American law, and while they obviously do not go as far as animal rights advocates would like in according rights to animals, they do cohere with modern animal rights views in several ways, such as by according animals a legal status distinct from mere property, subjecting the use of animals for food to heightened scrutiny, and providing more clearly for the enforcement of animal protection laws. As animal rights advocates and their opponents continue to debate the extent to which animals should be accorded greater legal protections under American law, these religious traditions show that the matters they are debating were considered and debated by Muslim and Jewish jurists thousands of years ago, and that, far from impeding animal rights, religious bodies of law constitute a positive example that can help advance them.
Making the Equal Rights Amendment That Is Needed in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Suk Julie
Published: June 2022

This piece was submitted in connection with the 2022 Symposium The Equal Rights Amendment: A New Guarantee of Sex Equality in the U.S. Constitution. The event was co-sponsored by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Columbia Law School ERA Project.
Remarks from the 2022 Symposium
Authors: James Letitia
Published: June 2022

New York Attorney General Letitia James's remarks the 2022 Symposium The Equal Rights Amendment: A New Guarantee of Sex Equality in the U.S. Constitution. The event was co-sponsored by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Columbia Law School ERA Project.
Letter from the Editor 2022
Authors: Ruger Helen
Published: June 2022

Letter from the Editor 2022
God Save the Girl-child: Narratives of Juvenile Female Illness in Little Women and the Morgesons
Authors: English Olivia
Published: June 2022

Everyone -- with the exception of Joey Tribbiani -- knows that in Louisa May Alcott's 1868 classic Little Women, Beth dies. Fewer are familiar with the fate of sickly Veronica Morgeson in Elizabeth Stoddard's underread The Morgesons, which tells the story of heroine Cassandra Morgeson's coming of age in 1860s New England, but both characters, Veronica and Beth, draw on a character type that most will, on some level, recognize. They are the ill child figure, spiritually overdeveloped and totally doomed, who occupies a poignant and pitiful space in the collective consciousness. Think of Tiny Tim. This paper invesigates Beth's and Veronica's roles as the ill child figure in their respective narratives, seeking to understand the ways in which they adhere to and diverge from type, and how such characterization affects and enriches the texts in which they appear, how powerfully they grip their narratives, despite their own physical feebleness.
Empowering Language Learning Strategies Online
Authors: Aberle-Grasse Melissa
Published: June 2022

English language educators faced challenges unique to their discipline as well as difficulties shared with all teachers as they suddenly adjusted to 100% online learning environments in 2020. Language learning strategies (LLS), which are proven strategies for improving language learning as well as building self-efficacy and peer support (MacArthur et al., 2015; Rose et al., 2018), are presented here as tools to navigate this new challenge. The article opens with a brief review of several acute current needs of online learners that critical pedagogy and learning strategies may address. Next, the author provides concise definitions for language learning strategies and summarizes the historical and theoretical basis for LLS. A classroom-based case study of language learning strategy instruction (LLSI) then follows. Finally, online tools and methods for two key strategies, goal-setting and peer review, are provided with recommendations for applying these strategies in a variety of settings.
Keywords: language learning strategies, critical pedagogy, self-regulation, peer review, goal-setting
From State Rule to Practice: How ESOL Push-in Looks Like in the Classroom
Authors: Wlazlinski Mae
Published: June 2022

This is being published without Mae's abstract being attached.
Welcoming Others – Immigrants and Refugees - How Do You Do It?
Authors: Tinker Sachs Gertrude
Published: June 2022

How do we welcome others?
Multilingual self: Inspired by a recent trip to Peru
Authors: Choi Jayoung
Published: June 2022

Funded by GATESOL, I had the privilege of presenting at the 2016 Peru TESOL conference in Arequipa. In this poem, I write about my inspiration of becoming fluent in Spanish by drawing on my interactions with and observations of locals and backpackers, non-native speakers of Spanish, in Cusco, Machu Picchu, Lima, and Ollataytambo beyond Arequipa during my extended 10-day stay in Peru. I describe how exhilarating it was to try out my limited Spanish and to watch crosslinguistic influences at work. In this poem, I write in all four languages of which I have varying proficiencies: Korean, English, Farsi, and Spanish in hopes to encourage teachers to allow multilingual students to draw on all linguistic repertories when learning in school (please see Ofelia García and her colleagues’ work on translanguaging). ReferenceGarcía, O. Wei, L. (2015). Translanguaging, bilingualism and bilingual education. In W. E. Wright, S. Boun, & O. Garcia (Eds). The handbook of bilingual and multilingual education (pp. 223-240).
Vocabulary Coverage in a High School Vietnamese EFL Textbook: A Corpus-based Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Le Nguyet Thi Minh , Dinh Huong Thi
Published: June 2022

In the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching, textbooks play a crucial role in the classroom as the primary source of lexical input for learners. Thus, it is essential that textbooks can sufficiently facilitate learners in their overall comprehension and vocabulary learning, especially with the most frequent words in English. The study examined the vocabulary load of a locally-published EFL textbook in Vietnam for high school students focusing on the vocabulary coverage in relation to the 95% and 98% thresholds for text comprehension and the coverage of high-frequency word families in the textbook. To fulfil these objectives, a frequency-based analysis of word families using the Vocabprofilers on the https://www.lextutor.ca/ website was conducted with the 41,137-word textbook corpus. It is revealed that students need to have a vocabulary size of 3,000 and 5,000-word families to reach the coverage of 95% and 98% of the whole textbook, which would be too challenging for Vietnamese high school students. Moreover, the textbook was found not to represent the second 1,000-word list very well with the appearance of just over half of the second most frequent 1,000-word families. These findings highlight the role of teachers in adapting the textbook for more effective vocabulary learning and general comprehension of the materials.
The Road to Ecological University: A Metaphor Analysis from the Perspectives of Academicians and External Stakeholders
Authors: UTAR ÖZKAN Suna , ŞAHİN Sevilay
Published: June 2022

This study sought to explain the idea of the university from the perspectives of academicians and external stakeholders through metaphors. The study was designed as a qualitative phenomenological study. Semi-structured interviews were held with 33 key people, 11 of whom were from the university and 22 of whom were external stakeholders, notably experts on the industry, natural environment, and culture of Gaziantep province in Turkey. The findings of this study revealed that participants used metaphors such as mother, factory, scientist, and conductor, emphasizing the university's role as a center of research, teaching, and the leader in the region. The most significant finding of the study, however, is that the participants in the study produced metaphors such as octopus, forest, and brain that point out the interconnectedness of the university with its surrounding ecologies, just as indicated in the ecological university model, which tries to develop the many surrounding ecosystems with which the university is interconnected, and which works systematically with the other institutions in its eco-system.
Generation Z Students’ Views on Technology in Education: What They Want What They Get
Authors: YALÇIN İNCİK Eda
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is determining the expectations of high school students about the use of technology in education and their views on whether these expectations were met or not. The study was designed as a case study. In the study, embedded single-case design, which is one of the designs of case study, was used. The participants of the study consisted of 100 students in the 9th-10th-11th and 12th grades of a high school in Mersin in the spring semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. Research data were obtained by using interview method. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the data obtained. According to the findings obtained from the research, it is seen that ; hardware and software inadequacy, lack of knowledge and negative attitudes of teachers about the integration of technology into education, and restrictions imposed on students are considered by generation Z high school students as factors that negatively affect the use of technology in education. Students evaluated the use of technology in education by considering its positive and negative effects. Considering the positive effects, the use of technology increases students' interest in the lesson, enables them to learn easily, increases their technology use skills, and provides easier and faster access to more information.  All of the students recommend the use of technology in all lessons. They stated that for this, there should be content prepared for each lesson. The students compared their teachers with themselves on the use of technology and characterized them as older and less knowledgeable. In this case, they think that teachers should be trained on the use of technology.
The Impact of E-Learning Quality and Students’ Self-Efficacy toward the Satisfaction in the Using of E-Learning
Authors: Bismala Lila
Published: June 2022

The pandemic of COVID 19 has changed the learning process, from face to face and blended and fully e-learning facilitated by electronic media that can be reached by teachers and students. Lecturers and students are required to use e-learning so that they can continue learning from home or from anywhere due to the physical and social distancing imposed by the government. This study examines the quality of e-learning, student's self-efficacy, and satisfaction in using e-learning. The study involved 345 students in the Management Study Program at the University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, where data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the effect of self efficacy and e-learning quality on e-learning users’ satisfaction. The results showed that there was an effect of self efficacy and e-learning quality on e-learning users’ satisfaction where the theoretical and institutional implications for e-learning in higher education discussed
QbD Stressed Development and Validation of Stability-Indicating RP- HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Linagliptin and Metformin HCl in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Patel Khushbu , A. Shah Ujashkumar , V. Joshi Hirak , K. Patel Jayvadan , N. Patel Chhaganbhai
Published: June 2022

A new simple stability indicating reverse phase liquid chromatography method was developed by employing Quality by Design (QbD) approach for the simultaneous determination of Linagliptin and Metformin HCl. Within QbD paradigm, the present study aimed to establish the optimization of the RP-HPLC (Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography) by means of design of experiments and response surface mythology like, Centre composite design (CCD) in order to achieve a good separation and resolution. The developed method is effective to separate Linagliptin and Metformin HCl with a good chromatographic resolution of 6.4. Chromatographic separation was acquired with column Water C18 (250mm x 4.5mm x 5μm) at flow rate 1.0 ml/min with the mobile phase consists of acetonitrile and methanol (75:25 % v/v). The detection of Linagliptin and Metformin HCl was carried out at 245nm. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The method was linear in range of 0.5-3μg/ml and 100-600μg/ml of Linagliptin and Metformin HCl respectively and recovery were in the range of 98% to 102%. The degradation product found in stress patterns were well separated among the drug compounds. The method was validated to be specific, rapid, precise and robust for routine analysis in its pharmaceutical dosage form.
RP-HPLC Method development and Validation for Rapid estimation of Diazepam in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Maheshwari Monika , Soni Parul
Published: June 2022

The main objective of the study is to establish simple, precise and rapid RP-HPLC method for determination of diazepam and its decomposition products present in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Various parameters that can potentially affect the analytical method were investigated and optimized. The compounds were well resolved in an isocratic method using the mobile phase composition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer(0.05M) along with diluted o-phosphoric acid adjusted to pH 4.5: methanol (40:60v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min using C18 (25cm x 0.46 cm) Hypersil BDS column. The detection was carried out at wavelength of 248nm.The retention time of diazepam was 3.3 min. The developed method was validated by evaluating various parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, specificity, limit of detection, and limit of quantification according to the international council for harmonization guidelines. The standard calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 20µg/ml for diazepam. The % of label claim was found out to be 93.66 for diazepam. Observation of all these parameters leads to the point that developed RP-HPLC method is accurate, precise, linear, specific and robust. It can be successfully adopted for routine quality control analysis of Diazepam in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form without any interference.
LAPAROSCOPIC ADHESIOLYSIS-METHOD OF CHOICE IN SELECTED PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of General, Visceral and Emergency Surgery, UMHATEM ", Kostov Konstantin ,   N. I. Pirogov",   – Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The aim of the study is to analyze and estimate the advantages of laparoscopic adhesiolysisin selected patients undergoing laparoscopic adhesiolysis for bowel obstruction in UMHATEM "N.I.Pirogov". Material and Methods:For a three-year period from 01.01.2016 to 01.01.2019 in the Department of General, Visceral and Emergency surgery in UMHATEM "Pirogov", 42 patients with postoperative intestinal adhesions were operated laparoscopically. Out of the 25 (59.52%) were female. In our research, parameters - age, gender, clinical symptoms, mode of treatment, morbidity and mortality were analyzed. Age in this retrospective analysis varied from 18 to 61 years (average 43.7 years). Patients below 18 years of age, and those with tumor data, Crohn's disease and radiation enteritis, were excluded from the study. Results: Age in this research varied from 18 to 61 (average 43.7). Eleven patients (26.19%) underwent conversion. The causes were dense fibrous adhesions in six of them, iatrogenic lesions in three, and haemorrhage in two cases. In two patients, surgery was performed mini-invasive with an intracorporal suture. The hospital stays varied from 4 to 10 days (on average, 6.3 days). The operating time was from 29 to 121min (an average 57.3min). Surgical morbidity was 28.57%, and mortality was not registered. Conclusion: Laparoscopic debridement is an excellent and accurate procedure in selected patients with postoperative abdominal adhesions. The last decade has become a method of choice because of its incontrovertible advantages.
Thực trạng rối loạn chức năng tình dục và một số yếu tố liên quan ở phụ nữ mang thai đến khám thai tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Trung ương
Authors: Thành Phan Chí , Cường Trần Danh , Toàn Ngô Văn , Thanh Trần Kim
Published: June 2022

Mô tả thực trạng suy giảm chức năng tình dục và một số yếu tố liên quan ở phụ nữ mang thai (PNMT) đến khám thai tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Trung ương năm 2020. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang sử dụng bộ câu hỏi FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) nhằm đánh giá chức năng tình dục của phụ nữ: phụ nữ mang thai có điểm từ 26,55 trở xuống được đánh giá là gặp rối loạn chức năng tình dục (RLCNTD). Kết quả cho thấy: 130 phụ nữ mang thai tham gia vào nghiên cứu, 20% phụ nữ mang thai không có hoạt động giao hợp trong vòng 4 tuần qua. Tỷ lệ rối rối loạn chức năng tình dục tương đối cao: 51,5%. Điểm FSFI trung bình ở phụ nữ mang thai là 23,9 ± 7,7 điểm. Phụ nữ mang thai quý 2 có điểm trung bình về ham muốn là 2,9 ± 0,9 điểm, thấp hơn so với quý 1 là 3,6 ± 1,0 điểm. Các yếu tố: tuổi mẹ, quan điểm quan hệ tình dục khi mang thai là các yếu tố liên quan đến rối loạn chức năng tình dục ở phụ nữ mang thai. Tỷ lệ PNMT từ 30 tuổi trở lên có bị RLCNTD chỉ bằng 0,29 lần so với nhóm dưới 30 tuổi. Những PNMT cho rằng QHTD cải thiện SK bị RLCNTD chỉ bằng 0,26 lần so với nhóm không đồng ý với quan điểm trên.
Lâm sàng rối loạn loạn thần cấp đa dạng không có triệu chứng của tâm thần phân liệt
Authors: Tâm Dương Minh , Ngọc Trần Nguyễn
Published: June 2022

Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi với mục tiêu mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng rối loạn loạn thần cấp đa dạng không có triệu chứng của tâm thần phân liệt ở người bệnh khám và điều trị nội trú tại Viện Sức khoẻ Tâm thần - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai trong giai đoạn 2019 - 2020. Bằng phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang ở 43 người bệnh điều trị nội trú tại Viện Sức khỏe Tâm thần Quốc Gia, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, được chẩn đoán xác định rối loạn loạn thần cấp đa dạng không có triệu chứng của tâm thần phân liệt (F23.0) theo tiêu chuẩn chẩn đoán của ICD 10. Kết quả: Sau khi nghiên cứu 43 người bệnh rối loạn loạn thần cấp đa dạng không có triêu chứng của tâm thần phân liệt, chúng tôi nhận thấy nhóm tuổi thường gặp 25 - 34 (32,6%) và 35 - 44 (30,2%). Tuổi trung bình là 34,19 ± 10,1. Rối loạn này gặp nhiều ở nữ giới hơn nam giới (53,5% so với 46,5%). Có 36,2% người bệnh có kết hợp stress. Trong số đó, nội dung stress gặp nhiều nhất là về công việc (37,4%). Có tới 95,3% người bệnh có triệu chứng hoang tưởng và chủ yếu là hoang tưởng bị hại (90,2%), tiếp đó đến hoang tưởng bị theo dõi (60,9%). Có 65,1% người bệnh có ảo giác. Hầu hết người bệnh có ảo giác thính giác (96,4%). Có 3 trường hợp có ảo giác thị giác. Ảo giác xúc giác, ảo giác vị giác và ảo giác khứu giác không thấy xuất hiện ở người bệnh rối loạn loạn thần cấp đa dạng không có triệu chứng của tâm thần phân liệt.
Kết quả điều trị dị dạng động tĩnh mạch da đầu trong 10 năm tại Bệnh viện Việt Đức
Authors: Linh Đỗ Thị Ngọc , Sơn Trần Thiết , Hà Nguyễn Hồng
Published: June 2022

Dị dạng động tĩnh mạch da đầu là loại bất thường mạch máu tương đối hiếm gặp, nhưng chiếm tỷ lệ cao trong các dị dạng động tĩnh mạch vùng đầu mặt cổ. Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi là nghiên cứu hồi cứu cho nhóm 16 bệnh nhân dị dạng động tĩnh mạch da đầu, được chẩn đoán và điều trị tại khoa Phẫu thuật hàm mặt và tạo hình, Bệnh viện Việt Đức từ năm 2009 đến năm 2018. Tất cả các bệnh nhân đều được điều trị bằng nút mạch và phẫu thuật cắt bỏ khối dị dạng. Sau thời gian theo dõi trung bình 51,2 tháng, kết quả điều trị tốt chiếm 75%, khá 12,5%, trung bình 6,25% và xấu 6,25%. Điều trị dị dạng động tĩnh mạch da đầu bao gồm 2 phương pháp chính là nút mạch và phẫu thuật cắt bỏ khối dị dạng. Tổn thương càng nhỏ, khu trú thì kết quả điều trị càng tốt. Các khối dị dạng lớn, lan tỏa, đặc biệt có sự thông thương với hệ mạch trong sọ là thách thức lớn cho điều trị và cần có sự phối hợp chặt chẽ của nhiều chuyên khoa.
Tình trạng dinh dưỡng và một số yếu tố liên quan ở người bệnh ung thư đầu cổ điều trị xạ trị tại Bệnh viện Ung bướu Hà Nội năm 2021
Authors: Loan Nguyễn Thị , Dũng Nguyễn Quang , Quang Bùi Vinh , Quyên Trần Châu , Huế Bùi Thị Kim , Năm Trần Thị
Published: June 2022

Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng người bệnh ung thư đầu cổ điều trị xạ trị. Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 150 người bệnh, tuổi trung bình 53,3 ± 9,15. Kết quả theo PG-SGA có 78,6% người bệnh có suy dinh dưỡng hoặc nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng (PG-SGA B 47,3%, PG-SGA C 31,3%). PG-SGA B, PG-SGA C chiếm tỷ lệ cao ở ung thư vòm-mũi họng, thanh quản-hạ họng, khoang miệng (p = 0,016), giai đoạn nặng III, IV (p = 0,013), người bệnh điều trị hóa xạ trị đồng thời (p < 0,01). Cân nặng, chu vi vòng cánh tay, chu vi vòng bắp chân, albumin, hemoglobin giảm dần theo mức độ trầm trọng SDD (p < 0,05). Ngoài ra, tình trạng dinh dưỡng có mối liên quan chặt chẽ tới chất lượng cuộc sống (p < 0,05). Người bệnh ung thư đầu cổ dễ bị suy dinh dưỡng trong quá trình xạ trị, vì vậy tình trạng dinh dưỡng nên được sàng lọc, đánh giá và can thiệp trong quá trình điều trị.
Nghiên cứu biến đổi hình thái, chức năng thất phải bằng siêu âm tim ở bệnh nhân Lupus ban đỏ hệ thống, xơ cứng bì có tăng áp động mạch phổi
Authors: Tú Trần Thị Linh , Hương Trương Thanh
Published: June 2022

Tăng áp động mạch phổi (TAĐMP) ở nhóm bệnh nhân tự miễn là yếu tố báo hiệu tiên lượng xấu của bệnh và gây ảnh hưởng nặng nề hơn so với nhóm bệnh nhân TAĐMP khác. Đánh giá biến đổi về hình thái và chức năng của thất phải (TP) có vai trò quan trọng trong xác định tiến triển bệnh, hướng dẫn quyết định điều trị và tiên lượng cho bệnh nhân mắc bệnh tự miễn có tăng áp động mạch phổi. Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi tiến hành nhằm đánh giá sự biến đổi hình thái, chức năng thất phải trên bệnh nhân xơ cứng bì (XCB), lupus ban đỏ hệ thống (LPBĐHT). Nghiên cứu tiến hành trên 194 bệnh nhân phát hiện ra 64 bệnh nhân có TAĐMP trên siêu âm tim tại Trung tâm Dị ứng - Miễn dịch lâm sàng, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, Viện Da liễu Trung ương từ tháng 8 năm 2016 đến tháng 8 năm 2020. Kết quả cho thấy bệnh nhân LPBĐHT có sự tăng bù trừ chức năng tâm thu thất phải ở phân nhóm TAĐMP nhẹ sau đó giảm dần ở các phân nhóm có mức áp lực động mạch phổi cao hơn, có sự rối loạn chức năng tâm trương TP ở các phân nhóm có mức áp lực động mạch phổi tăng dần. Trong khi, bệnh nhân XCB, chức năng tâm thu TP giảm dần ở các phân nhóm có mức áp lực động mạch phổi tăng dần, chức năng tâm trương có xu hướng rối loạn ngay khi chưa có TAĐMP và mức độ rối loạn có xu hướng tăng dần theo mức tăng áp lực động mạch phổi.
Phẫu thuật tái tạo đồng thời hai dây chằng bên khớp khuỷu điều trị trật khớp khuỷu mạn tính: Báo cáo một trường hợp và nhìn lại y văn
Authors: Thắng Hoàng Minh , Minh Đỗ Văn , Thành Đào Xuân
Published: June 2022

Chúng tôi báo cáo 1 trường hợp bệnh nhân nam, 38 tuổi, bị tai nạn ngã cao vào bệnh viện huyện với chẩn đoán gãy hở đầu dưới 2 xương cẳng tay, trật kín khớp khuỷu trái đã được phẫu thuật cắt lọc, cố định đầu dưới xương quay, xương trụ bằng kim Kirschner, nắn trật khớp khuỷu và bó bột cánh cẳng bàn tay. Bệnh nhân đến khám sau 6 tháng sau mổ trong tình trạng cứng khuỷu ở tư thế gấp 20 độ (biên độ vận động: 20o/20o/0o). Khám lâm sàng thấy phần mềm khuỷu và cẳng tay trái đã ổn định, không có dấu hiệu tổn thương mạch máu và thần kinh. Bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán cứng duỗi khuỷu trái do trật cũ khớp khuỷu trái. Bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật đặt lại khớp khuỷu, kéo dài gân cơ tam đầu cánh tay, tái tạo đồng thời dây chằng bên ngoài và bên trong khớp khuỷu bằng gân cơ bán gân qua đường mổ phía sau. Bệnh nhân được bất động khớp khuỷu trong 3 tuần sau đó tập phục hồi chức năng để cải thiện biên độ vận động khớp khuỷu. Đánh giá sau mổ 9 tháng, khớp khuỷu vững, không đau với biên độ vận động gần như bình thường.
Xác định đột biến gen GBA trên bệnh nhân Parkinson
Authors: Oanh Nguyễn Thị Kiều , Tuấn Phạm Lê Anh , Việt Nguyễn Hoàng , Thịnh Trần Huy , Khánh Trần Vân
Published: June 2022

Gen GBA, mã hoá ra một lysosome enzyme Gcase, nằm trên nhiễm sắc thể 1q21, gồm 11 exon và 10 intron. Ở những bệnh nhân suy giảm hoạt độ GCase, hàm lượng α-synuclein trong tế bào bị giảm mạnh và chức năng của lysosome bị tổn hại, dẫn đến chết tế bào thần kinh dopaminergic và biểu hiện những kiểu hình đặc trưng của bệnh Parkinson. Đột biến gen GBA chiếm khoảng 2 - 30% bệnh nhân Parkinson, dựa trên nhiều nghiên cứu trên các chủng tộc và vùng địa lý khác nhau. Việc xác định đột biến trên gen GBA ở bệnh nhân Parkinson có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong việc xác định tình trạng bệnh cũng như là cơ sở để các bác sĩ lâm sàng đưa ra tiên lượng bệnh và tư vấn di truyền. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện trên 30 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán Parkinson tại Bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung ương. Độ tuổi trung bình tham gia nghiên cứu là 55,6 ± 8,79 với tỷ lệ nam gấp 1,3 lần nữ. Sử dụng kỹ thuật giải trình tự gen Sanger, nghiên cứu đã phát hiện được 5/30 bệnh nhân mang đột biến gen GBA (chiếm 16,7%), với 5 dạng đột biến khác nhau. Tất cả 5 đột biến đều là đột biến dị hợp tử, dạng thay thế nucleotid.
Madera y construcción. Hacia una simbiosis estratégica
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Gysling Janina , Kahler Carlos , Soto Daniel , Mejías Wilson , Poblete Pamela , Alvarez Verónica , Bañados Juan Carlos , Baeza Daniela , Pardo Evaristo
Published: June 2022

El presente documento tiene como objetivo hacer un diagnóstico de la situación actual de la construcción con madera en Chile, con el fin de aportar al desarrollo de este interesante sector de la actividad económica - destacado en la Política Forestal de Chile 2015-2035 - mediante la recopilación de información de fuentes secundarias y la generación y análisis de información de fuentes primarias, con énfasis en los aspectos relativos a los productos de madera y su industria. El estudio da cuenta del contexto mundial y nacional de la construcción en madera, de las políticas públicas asociadas al tema, de la importancia económica del sector de la construcción y el rol que puede desempeñar la madera, de la percepción de expertos, población en general y usuarios de viviendas con madera, para terminar con un ejercicio sobre la disponibilidad futura de madera para la construcción en Chile.
The Effect of Corporate Governance, Integrated Quality Management and Social Responsibility on Competitiveness and Operational Performance
Authors: Junaidi J.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of corporate governance, integrated quality management, and social responsibility on the competitiveness of manufacturing companies, analyze. The study was conducted on manufacturing companies with a population of 43 companies and determined a sample of 129 employees as respondents. The data from the questionnaire were analyzed using the SEM-AMOS. The study's results found social responsibility had insignificant effect on the competitiveness. This is because responsibility tends to be a moral spirit of the company which is not too related to the competitiveness that the company wants to achieve, so social responsibility in the form of environmental, social, economic, stakeholder, and voluntary dimensions has an insignificant impact on the company's competitiveness. Social responsibility has a positive and negative effect on the competitiveness. Besides that, social responsibility is related to the worker's social spirit and the social environment. Social responsibility has insignificant effect on the competitiveness. This is because the actualization of social responsibility is not directly related to competitiveness and improving corporate performance. Responsibility tends to be oriented towards aspects of worker psychology and working environment conditions, while competitiveness and operational performance are oriented towards achieving the results of the company's work.
無相與唐代成都大聖慈寺的建立
Authors: 許凱翔 許凱翔
Published: June 2022

成都（今中國四川省成都市）大聖慈寺，是在安史之亂時由唐玄宗（685-762, 712-756在位）支持興建，其後逐漸發展為西南第一大寺。受命擘畫該寺規制者，則為一新羅入唐僧人無相（684-762）。無相是唐代禪宗傳承的重要人物，然其與大聖慈寺建立的關係，迄今仍未受到足夠重視。本文將考察無相在中國佛教文獻中的感通形象，及新羅佛教影響，與玄宗護國祈願等因素，如何使無相獲得建立大聖慈寺規制的機會，從而審視中古時期寺院的形成，以及王權與佛教的關係。

 

The monastery Dashengcisi 大聖慈寺 was built with Tang Emperor Xuan-zong 唐玄宗 (685-762, r. 712-756) support in Chengdu during the rebellion of An Lu-shan 安祿山 (703-757, r. 756-757) and became the largest monastery in southern-west China. The Silla monk Wu-xiang 無相 (684-762) stimulated the rules of the the monastery Dashengcisi and of crucial to the Ch’an Sect 禪宗 in Tang. This article discusses how images of using thaumaturgic powers, the influence of Silla Buddhism and Xuan-zong’s pray for protecting the country made Wu-xiang stimulator of rules of this monastery. Through this investigation, I will examine how monastery built and relation between kingship and Buddhism in medieval China.

 
六至八世紀的蒙古、中亞和北中國——從突厥王侯陵墓所見文化複合
Authors: 林俊雄著 林俊雄著 , 朱振宏譯 朱振宏譯
Published: June 2022

眾所周知，突厥與粟特和中國有著各種關係。突厥第一汗國王室接受來自中國的石龜石碑、屋頂瓦片，以及來自粟特的銘文和可能的隨葬品。豎立在東方的巴爾巴爾（balbal）習俗是源起於遊牧民族，但他們沒有接受人類和動物的石像。突厥第一汗國滅亡後，薛延陀王室可能已經豎立了粗製的石人像作為巴爾巴爾，並接受來自中國的動物石像。突厥第二汗國初期，王室接受了中國侍從的石人像，但沒有像中國一樣，製作已故可汗和可敦石人像，之後可能是受到粟特的影響，他們製作死去的統治者夫妻石人像，這是突厥人獨特的習俗，並非來自中國。6六—8八世紀，突厥、粟特和中國在文化上相互影響，這種情況是中世紀早期歐亞大陸東部歷史的一個特點。

 

It is well Known that the Tuque-Turks had various relations with the Sogdians and the Chinese. The royal family of the First Tuque Qaghanate of the eastern territory received a stela on stone tortoise and roofing tiles from China, inscription and probably funeral pantings from the Sogdians. The Custom of standing balbals to the east was nomadic origin. But they did not accept human and animal statues. After the collapse of the First Qaghanate, the qaghan family of the Xueyantuo might have erected roughly made human statues as balbals and accept animal statues from China. At the beginning of the Second Qaghanate the royal family accepted human statues of attendants from China but did not make statues of the dead qaghan and qatun like China. And then they made statue of the dead couple of their ruler, probably influenced by the Sogdians. This was a unique custom of the Tuque, not coming from China. Turkic, Sogdian and Chinese cultures gave influences to each other in the 6th-8th centuries. This situation was a character of early mediaeval history of eastern part of Eurasia.

 
也說唐宋之際的曹洞宗興衰——葛洲子先生文章讀後
Authors: 黃庭碩 黃庭碩
Published: June 2022

曹洞宗在近世東亞的佛教世界裡，是除臨濟宗外傳承最久且影響最大的禪宗宗系。但從發展史角度看，自唐末崛起的曹洞宗雖曾在五代初昌盛一時，然隨即就在五代中後期漸次消沉，至11世紀中葉甚至遭遇法脈短暫中絕的窘境，直到11世紀末才又復興，重新成為主要禪宗宗系。可見曹洞宗在初期發展階段──亦即由唐入宋之際──實歷經過極為劇烈的興衰升降。曹洞宗的這段曲折歷史，早已為禪史學者所留心，《早期中國史研究》第8卷第2期刊布的葛洲子先生文章〈政局．法席．法脈──唐末至宋初曹洞宗的興衰〉，則在充分吸收既有成果後，對唐宋之際曹洞發展和政治變化的互動關係作出了詳整討論，係關於此課題的較新力作。惟在拜讀過程中，筆者發現其中似乎猶有若干可再覆案的部分，是以不揣淺陋地提供一點拙見，盼能進一步完善唐宋之際的曹洞發展圖景。

 

From the early twelfth century on, the Caodong lineage 曹洞宗 has always been a prominent force in the East Asian Buddhism, not only as one of the two longest-transmission and most influential Chan sects along with the Linji lineage 臨濟宗, but also became an important component of Japanese Buddhism after spreading to the East in the late Southern Song Dynasty. Nevertheless, from the perspective of development history, although the Cao Dong lineage, which emerged at the end of the Tang Dynasty, had a period of glory in the early Five Dynasties, it soon declined in the latter Five Dynasties and persisted this awkward situation to the early Song dynasty, even temporarily confronting transmission interruption in the middle of the eleventh century. Compared to its long activity from the twelfth century onward, the Caodong lineage actually underwent a dramatic ups and downs in its early stages, that is, from the Tang to the Song dynasties. Chan scholars have paid long attention to the twisted development of the Caodong lineage. Recently, based on the profound achievements of predecessors, Ge Zhouzi’s article “Politics, the Dharma Seat and Dharma Transmission: The Rise and Decline of the Caodong Lineage from the Late Tang Dynasty through the Early Song,” in Early and Medieval Chinese History 8:2 (2016), provides a detailed exploration about how the development of the Caodong lineage be influenced and directed by political changes during the Tang and Song dynasties. However, in the process of reading, the author found that there seems to be some arguments deserved further consideration. Therefore, the author hope to offer some personal opinions through this article in order that further completing the understanding about the early development of the Caodong lineage.

 
Teacher training and quality of mathematics education
Authors:   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, El Coca EC220001, Ecuador, Torres Castillo Rolando
Published: June 2022

The problem of teacher training in mathematics at the secondary education level is recurrent, as shown in various publications on the history of education. Therefore, it is difficult to understand why so little progress has been made, despite the many complaints and proposals. In this sense, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the training and the processes of improvement in the teaching of mathematics teachers. Currently, content knowledge is almost the only professional reference for most teachers. This is despite the fact that no one disputes the fact that teachers also need to have other knowledge of Didactics of Mathematics and knowledge derived from teaching practice. In this sense, it is important to establish a stable, rigorous and coherent institutional framework between university and non-university institutions involved in initial and continuing teacher training, which will make it possible to seriously and rigorously address the problems we have discussed.
A Comparative Investigation on Different QoS Mechanisms in Multi-Homed Networks
Authors: Oleiwi Haider W. , Al-Taie Heba L. , Saeed Nagham , Mhawi Doaa N.
Published: June 2022

The current wireless communication system in Iraq faces several challenges during users’ handoff, especially with the fast growth of users and demands. This is also a global issue; therefore, quality of service (QoS) measures have rapidly become more important and developed over the years. The complexity of communication between diverse applications and underlying QoS architectures leads to these deployment problems, which decreases the utility of QoS provisioning. This paper studies different QoS aggregation mechanisms in order to improve the overall operational efficiency of the multi-homed node. The main QoS mechanisms, i.e., IntServ, DiffServ, best-effort, and IntServ-DiffServ were investigated and compared thoroughly. Furthermore, it focuses on the multi-homed network that aims to develop a scalable system with better performance, reliability, and optimized communication networks. In this paper, multi-homed network enhancements are carried out with the comparable site and host multi-homing. The results show how the IntServ-DiffServ has achieved the best overall performance compared to the other mechanisms as it combines the advantages of the IntServ and DiffServ mechanisms. Another important finding was that the multi-homing managed to keep the communication going on the multi-homed node, whereas the site-multi-homing gave a better overall end-to-end latency over the host-multi-homing.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Alkyd Resins from Underutilized (Delonix Regia and Theventia Peruviana) Seed Oils
Authors: Mustapha Aliru O. , Adisa Saliu F. , Oladele Simeon G. , Afolabi Yemisi T.
Published: June 2022

The inedibility of delonix regia and theventia peruviana seeds represents a significant waste of resources. The physicochemical properties of underutilized seed oils after refinement were studied using Association of Officials of Analytical Chemists (AOAC, 1990) techniques in this study. The refined theventia peruviana oil (RTPO) has a yield of  40.55 %, but its long alkyd resin (LTPOAR) has iodine value of 80.12 (gI2/100g), viscosity 24.17 (30o C, m2/s), saponification value of 177.04 (mg/KOH/100g), and acid value of 9.53 (mg/KOH/g), while refined delonix regia oil (RFBO) has a yield of 52.71 %, with its long alky resin (LDROAR) having iodine value of 133.87 (gI2/100g), viscosity 21.15 (30o C, m2/s), saponification value of 266.42 (mg/KOH/100g), and acid value of 5.71 (mg/KOH/g). For both TPOAR and DROAR, six grades of alkyds were created at 25 % (short), 40 % (medium), and 60 % (long) oil lengths. The acid values of the aliquots for the reaction mixture at various time intervals were used to track the reaction's progress. At the initial stage of the reaction, the extent of reaction (% Pav) ranged from 78.5 to 80.8 %, indicating a significant degree of conversion. The average degree of polymerization (Dp) of the alkyds ranged from 1.03 to 5.20, indicating the synthesis of high molecular weight alkyds. The alkyd films were acid, brine, and water resistant, but not alkali resistant. All alkyd resins were characterized with surface drying and solubility times and were found to be around 2 hours in respect of the 60% oil length.
Friction Stir Processing of Heat Treated A380 Al Alloy to Enhance Surface Characteristics
Authors: Subhi Akeel Dhahir , Mohammed Maryam Hassan
Published: June 2022

Friction stir processing (FSP) has been increasingly used to improve the surface characteristics of Al alloys. Investigation on FSP of heat-treated A380 Al alloy was performed to examine the impact of tool rotation speed on the surface characteristics. Heat treatment was accomplished using solution heat treatment followed by age hardening. The microstructure of the unprocessed and processed regions was characterized by utilizing an optical microscope, XRD, SEM and EDS. Surface properties were determined using hardness and pin-on-disk wear tests. The results showed that the heat treatment transformed the morphology of the silicon in the alloy matrix from fibrous to globular. FSP refined the microstructure in the stir zone due to the stirring effect. Hardness increased with an increment in the tool rotation speed due to increased densification of the stirring area. The wear test displayed the significant impact of the tool rotation speed on the wear rate as the wear rate decreased when the tool rotation speed tended to the highest value. The results also displayed that abrasive and delamination are the main mechanisms of surface deterioration.
Hábitat popular y prácticas de subsistencia en villas del AMBA (Argentina) en contexto de pandemia
Authors: Díaz Mariela Paula , Lifszyc Ana Sofía , Bonano Guido , Corti Facundo Andrés
Published: June 2022

El objetivo principal es analizar el impacto de la política de aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio (en la Fase 1), desarrollada como respuesta a la pandemia del COVID-19, en la reproducción social de las familias populares en distintas villas del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, focalizándose en las condiciones socio-urbanas y económicas. Nuestras hipótesis de trabajo refieren a la situación laboral y de la vivienda, en cuanto la vulnerabilidad de la primera explica la masificación de las prácticas desmercantilizadoras de la vida cotidiana de los hogares, y la precariedad habitacional de la segunda (entendiendo conceptualmente a la vivienda como hábitat e indicador de salud pública) explica la crisis sanitaria previa a la pandemia, pese a la política local de reurbanización. Entre los principales resultados, se destaca la crisis del proceso neoliberal de mercantilización de la reproducción de la vida cotidiana en el marco de una crisis económica, sanitaria y habitacional. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo se adoptó una estrategia multimétodo, donde los datos primarios cualitativos se extrajeron de entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes claves (y residentes) de las villas en cuestión y los datos cuantitativos se derivaron del análisis de datos censales e informes gubernamentales.
La espacialización de los cuidados. Entretejiendo relaciones de cuidado a través de la movilidad
Authors: Jirón Martínez Paola Andrea , Solar-Ortega Macarena Isabel , Rubio Rubio María Daniela , Cortés Morales Susana Rina , Cid Aguayo Beatriz Eugenia , Carrasco Montagna Juan Antonio
Published: June 2022

A partir de una serie de investigaciones que han puesto el foco en la movilidad cotidiana de las personas y otras específicamente enfocadas al cuidado se han podido identificar categorías relevantes al momento de entender, desde los espacios relacionales evidenciados por la movilidad, las espacialidades del cuidado. Por medio de etnografías móviles, fue posible mostrar aquellas negociaciones, gestiones, objetos y espacios que permiten cuidar en la ciudad. Las categorías resultantes develan seis dimensiones: los sujetos de cuidados, sus prácticas, lugares, materialidades y objetos, temporalidades y afectos que sostienen los cuidados en ciudades como Santiago, Concepción o Temuco. Al entenderlos desde la perspectiva del espacio relacional, es posible visualizar la complejidad que implica cuidar y, al mismo tiempo, la necesidad de espacio que tienen, el que va más allá del espacio doméstico. Esta propuesta contribuye a la importancia de la espacialización de los cuidados al momento de pensar en formas de desfamiliarización y colectivización de los cuidados en general. Esto es particularmente relevante hoy, ya que la pandemia del COVID-19 relevó la realidad material de los cuidados de manera tangible, y nos instó, además, a replantearnos el cómo nos cuidaremos entre humanos y no humanos en el futuro.
Ciudad, vivienda y género desde una mirada incluyente e interseccional
Authors: Molina Irene , Galleguillos Ximena , Grundström Karin
Published: June 2022

Los trabajos reunidos en esta colección tienen en común la aplicación de perspectivas interseccionales para entender la vida urbana desde los bordes, a través de situaciones observadas en diversos contextos nacionales y regionales, en el espacio público, el acceso a la vivienda, experiencias y estrategias de resistencia espacial, entre otros tópicos relevantes.
Un testimonio inédito y (casi) desconocido de la Paces de Quillín, 1641
Authors: Goicovich Francis
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo presenta la transcripción de un documento inédito de singular importancia para los estudios fronterizos coloniales en Chile. Se trata del testimonio más temprano de las Paces de Quillín de 1641. La importancia del texto reside en la divergencia de algunos de sus contenidos respecto al relato de Diego de Rosales, cuyo Flandes Indiano ha sido hasta ahora la fuente más utilizada por historiadores, etnohistoriadores y antropólogos al momento de reconstruir las vicisitudes de este evento de nuestra historia.