bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial and residual responses of Verano Stylo [Stylosanthes hamata (L.)] and Centro [Centrosema pascuorum (Benth.)] to phosphorus in ungrazed swards
Authors: Omoregie A U , Omueti J A I
Published: March 2024

A field study was carried out to investigate the responses of Stylosanthes hamata and Centrosema pascuorum. (Benth.) to the initial and residual effects of phosphorus (P) application in 1989 and 1990 at Kurmin Biri and Kontagora in the guinea savanna zone of Nigeria. Five levels of P: 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kg ha-1, were applied to each legume. The experiment was carried out over two years, without further P additions, to determine P's residual effects on the test crops. The responses to applied P depended on forage species and location. The P increased dry matter (DM) yield significantly in both legumes and years except C. pascuorum in which P application did not substantially influence the DM in the second year of establishment. Apart from the C. pascuorum grown at Kontagora (second year), yield increases over the first-year trials were observed in the levels of DM produced in the second year. The application of P significantly improved seed production from forages. Judging from the low P values of 4.50 mg kg-1 and 5.35 mg kg-1 of the soils, very high response to applied P was expected. The applied P at 80 kg ha-1 to C. pascuorum at Kumin Biri gave the highest seed yield (1564.00 kg ha-1) while unfertilized S. hamata at Katongora had the least (403.00 kg ha-1). The relatively low but significant response of forage species to P was attributed to the high level of P fixation and the abundance of inactive P forms in these soils.
Yield variability of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] as affected by foliar applied kaolin under irrigation in Sudan savanna of Nigeria
Authors: Madu A I , Mohammed I B , Sarkinfulani M , Muhammad A
Published: March 2024

A field trial was conducted during the hot, dry season in 2020 to assess the effect of foliar-applied antitranspirant (Kaolin) on yield and yield components of irrigated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Treatments consisted of two varieties of soybean (TGX1835-10E and TGX1955-4F), three growth stages for the application of kaolin (node initiation, flower initiation, and pod initiation), and application rates (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% w/v). The factors were factorially combined and laid out in a split-split-plot design and replicated three times. The result obtained after comparison between two varieties of soybean, three growth stages of foliar applied kaolin, and four kaolin rates indicated that variety, application at growth stage, and kaolin rates indicated higher significance, significance, and non-significance effects on measured; number of pods plant-1, seed pod-1, hundred seed weight (g), grain and fodder yield (kg ha-1) taken at harvest. The average yield of 2.3 t ha-1 was recorded in TGX1835-10E and 2.5 t ha-1 in TGX1955-4F. Kaolin applied at flower and pod initiation recorded a higher grain yield at BUK, and at Kadawa application at pod initiation recorded a higher grain yield. Kaolin rates applied at 3 and 6% averagely indicated grain yield of 2.8 t ha-1 and 2.7 t ha-1, respectively. Applying 3% kaolin rate is recommended for soybean production in area with low heat load (low temperature) on leaf surfaces within the growing cycle of the crop and 6% rate in area with higher heat load (higher temperature) on leaf surfaces.
Assessing the impact of oil palm husk-derived biochar on soil characteristics and tomato yield in Okitipupa, coastal agroecosystems
Authors: Oladitan T O , Agele S O , Akinyemiju O A
Published: March 2024

Innovative technologies using biochar were certified to mitigate the impacts of climate change and soil degradation on agriculture and ensure food security. An experiment was carried out in 2022 & 2023 cropping seasons to evaluate the effectiveness of biochar application rates at 10 t/ha, 7.5 t/ha, and 5 t/ha on soil properties and yield parameters of tomato varieties. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD replicated three times. The results show that application at 10 t/ha improved and increased pH, organic carbon, total N, and available P and K. Maximum fruit number/ha (686.2) and harvest weight (3452kg) were recorded at 7.5kg/ha. In comparison, 10 t/ha had the maximum biomass (dry weight) and harvest index compared to those of the control. The rate of 7.5 kg/ha of biochar could improve the yield, nutrient efficiency, and economic benefits of open-field tomato plants. It could be recommended for managing agricultural production.
The Principles of the Trilogy of Justice and the Principle of Aanmaning Perspectives The Binding Power of Court Decisions
Authors: Made Suka Dwiputra
Published: March 2024

The principle of the Judicial Trilogy which is simple, fast and low cost is one of the principles in civil procedural law applicable in Indonesia. Court decisions that have permanent legal force are not always the final result of a case or dispute if the losing party does not want to carry out the contents of the decision voluntarily. lose in a case to carry out the contents of the decision voluntarily. The formulation of the problem raised is the binding power of court decisions in unlawful acts and is also viewed from the perspective of the trilogy of justice principle and the principle of security. This study uses a normative legal research type, which is to examine and analyze legal materials and issues based on statutory regulations. In this case, whether the judicial institution in the aanmaning process does not become a juridical problem of the conflict between the trilogy of justice principles and the aanmaning in the judiciary. In the discussion, the theory of the legal system, the theory of legal certainty, the theory of authority and the theory of legal protection are used in order to be able to reach the description of what should be done in the future.
Customary Law as Part of the Reform Legal System in Indonesia
Authors: Kiki Kristanto  , Christio Drakhma Dekapolis  , Isno Pandowo
Published: March 2024

Customary law is a law that was born even before Indonesia proclaimed its independence in 1945. Customary law is part of original law and has grown and developed in Indonesia so that it also influences the implementation of the Indonesian legal system. The development and renewal of Indonesian law should not forget the important parts of the building blocks of the Indonesian legal system, including Customary Law. In short, this writing using a qualitative descriptive method provides an overview of the important role of customary law which should always be part of the renewal of the legal system in Indonesia. Historically, the formation of the Indonesian legal system also departs from the concept of customary law that lives in Indonesian society which was ultimately influenced by the Dutch legal system when the Dutch colonized Indonesia. The concordance process of the Dutch legal system colored the formation of the Indonesian legal system which in fact could not be denied that it still left a residue in several parts of the Indonesian legal system such as the old version of the Criminal Code and the civil code. The development and renewal of the National Legal System according to the author should not leave material legal sources as the basis for the formation of a legal system that reflects the spirit of Indonesia. Material legal sources that are reflected in Pancasila, the ideals of Indonesian society, values, norms, kinship, deliberation, mutual cooperation, tolerance, and so on that characterize Indonesian society must be a priority scale in structuring the Indonesian legal system in the future, including part of cultural heritage in the context of customary law.
Borrowing in the Novel “The Good Earth” and It’s Translation Into “Bumi Yang Subur”
Authors: Ni Nyoman Ayu Tri Hidayanti  , I Made Juliarta
Published: March 2024

The translation is done by transferring form of the first language to the form of the second language using of semantic structure. It must be transferred and held constant and the form may change. But translation activities do not only deal with transferring language from one language to another language, but also deal with the most important thing, such as; message and meaning from source language to target language. This study analyzed about types of borrowing are found in the translation of The Good Earth into Bumi yang Subur. The library research method and field research method used in this study. The description of the method can be seen in the following explanations. This study used library research. In this type of research, the location is very flexible. The research was done every where as long as the place supports the main facility needed such as books and computer. Types of borrowing found in the data source are pure borrowing, naturalized borrowing and cultural borrowing.
Rural ICT Penetration, Bank Credit, and Agricultural Sector Performance: A Panel ARDL Analysis in Eastern Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, Amaluddin Amaluddin , Indiastuti Rina ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, Cupian Cupian ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Published: March 2024

The relationship between ICT, the financial sector, and output growth has been extensively studied, however, macro-economic studies with an emphasis on the role of rural ICT on agricultural performance are few and yield mixed findings. Additionally, past research has not given sufficient attention to how bank credit affects agricultural performance. This paper highlighted the dynamic effect of rural ICT penetration and bank credit on agricultural performance in Eastern Indonesia. We used secondary data taken from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Financial Services Authority. The panel data covered 16 provinces of eastern Indonesia from the first semester of 2010 to the second semester of 2022 (2010S1–2022S2). Using the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, the results showed that in the long run, rural ICT penetration and bank credit played a significant role in boosting agricultural performance. However, in the short run, the impact of rural ICT penetration and bank credit on agricultural performance was statistically insignificant. Finally, we recommended several important policies that can practically impact and contribute to improving agricultural performance.
AFTER THE EARTHQUAKES WITH EPICENTER IN KAHRAMANMARAŞ ON FEBRUARY 6, 2023; CRUSH SYNDROME
Authors: Aşkın Muhammed Faruk , Taştemur Şeyma , Gedikli Mustafa Asım , Candan Ferhan , Koc Yener
Published: March 2024

One of the vital problems after earthquakes that caused many deaths and injuries is crush syndrome due to traumatic muscle damage.

After the two earthquakes of 7.7 and 7.6 magnitude affecting 11 provinces with the epicentre in Kahramanmaraş on 6 February 2023, 319 patients over the age of 18 were admitted to Sivas Cumhuriyet University Research and Practice Hospital between 6-14 February. 87 of 319 patients received inpatient follow-up and treatment. The age, gender, duration of stay in the rubble, province of residence, operation performed, duration of hospital stay, amount of fluid given in the first 24 hours, amount of urine output in the first 24 hours, body trauma sites, some laboratory parameters at the time of admission and during follow-up were retrospectively evaluated from the hospital records of all 43 patients diagnosed with crush syndrome among the inpatients between 6-28 February.

The age of the patients was 39±19.6 years, duration of stay under the cave-in (hours) 22.74±36.32, duration of hospitalization (days) 7.26±5.42, amount of fluid given in the first 24 hours (ml) 4954.18±3142, amount of urine output in the first 24 hours (ml) 2646.42±2262.65, admission creatinine (mg/dl) 1.59±2.25, admission creatine kinase (CK) (U/L) 11716.37±18520.

44.2% of the patients were female, 72.1% came from Kahramanmaraş province, 46.5% underwent surgical intervention, 67.4% had an admission CK above 1000 u/l, 14% received hemodialysis treatment, 46.5% had a duration of hospitalization shorter than 7 days to reach the CK reference range and 51.2% had a duration of hospitalization longer than 21 days.

The effect of other parameters on the duration of hospitalization and the time to reach the reference range of CK and correlation with laboratory parameters were analysed.

As a result, it is thought that the parameters affecting the time to reach the CK reference range and the duration of hospitalization can be used to calculate and reduce the duration of hospitalization in prospective crush syndrome cases.
Review of The Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Contemporary Digital Marketing
Authors: Belačić Aleksandra , Alčaković Slavko
Published: March 2024

In our research, we investigated how Serbian freelancers feel about different generative programs based on artificial intelligence. We managed to discover what kind of content they create the most, why they use this new techology, and which software they prefer. We also investigated respondents' attitudes toward the ethics of generative applications. Our results show that freelancers rate their personal ethics highly, with an average rating of 4.46 (on a scale of 1 to 5), but their actions related to the use of artificial intelligence with a much lower average rating of 2.15 (again, on a scale of 1 to 5). This difference opens up room for further research opportunities, while our findings help advance academic knowledge in the fields of digital marketing and artificial intelligence.
VJEŠTAČKA INTELIGENCIJA - IZAZOV ZA PRAVOSUĐE
Authors: Filipić Goran , Manojlović Jelena
Published: March 2024

Vještačka inteligencija danas, htjeli mi to ili ne, dio je našeg društva u mnogim sferama života, tako da ni pravo odnosno pravosuđe nije izuzetak. U doba povećanog i brzog protoka informacija i digitalizacije, najnovija i najinovativnija tehnološka i informativna dostignuća sve se više koriste i u pravosuđu. Upotreba vještačke inteligencije u pravosuđu nije više izbor već neminovnost, koja ima brojne izazove, ukoliko se tim procesima odgovorno ne upravlja. Naime, vještačka inteligencija i algoritmi mašinskog učenja imaju mnoge specifičnosti koje mogu dovesti do diskriminacije i kršenja osnovnih ljudskih prava, zbog čega se toj oblasti mora posvetiti velika i posebna pažnja. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na pravce razvoja i izazove vještačke inteligencije u pravosuđu, te daje smjernice kako da se na bazi evropskih standarda u ovoj oblasti doprinese unapređenju pravosuđa u opsegu koji podržava poštovanje osnovnih ljudskih prava, transparentnost, nediskriminaciju, odgovornost i vladavinu prava.
[What lies beneath? Brief history of exploration of volcanic lacustrine beds in the metropolitan area of Rome (central Italy)]
Authors: Argentieri Alessio , Rotella Giovanni , Fabiani Massimo , Capelli Giuseppe , Mazza Roberto , Raffi Rossana
Published: March 2024

[Article in Italian]
Cosa c’è sotto? Breve storia dell’esplorazione dei fondali dei laghi vulcanici dell’area metropolitana di Roma Capitale (Italia centrale)
[Groundwater and energy: shallow geothermal, i.e. heat-exchange, in urban areas]
Authors: Cerutti Paolo
Published: March 2024

[Article in Italian]
Acque sotterranee ed energia: geotermia superficiale, o geoscambio, in aree urbane
Estimation of Natural Uranium and Its Risk-Assessment in Groundwater of Bangalore Urban District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Naik Poojashri Ravindra , Alurdoddi Rajashekara Vinod , Mudbidre Rajalakshmi
Published: March 2024

In this study, 56 groundwater samples were taken from diverse sources in Bangalore Urban district during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons to measure the uranium concentration and its correlation with different waterquality parameters. The uranium concentration varied from 0.94–98.79 µg/L during the pre-monsoon season and from 1.38–96.52 µg/L during the postmonsoon season. Except for a few readings, all were within the safe limit of 60 µg/L as prescribed by India’s Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). Owing to its slightly higher concentration, a study on the radiological and chemical risks that are caused due to the ingestion of uranium was assessed. Based on the radiological aspect, cancer mortality and its risks were assessed, wherein all of the samples were well within the acceptable limit of 10−4; therefore, consuming these water samples was radiologically safe. However, when the risk that was caused by chemical toxicity was assessed, a few samples exceeded the hazard quotient (HQ) value of more than 1, thus illustrating that individuals were vulnerable to chemical risk. This paper features assessments of uranium and its risks to public health in groundwater samples if it exceeded the safe limit. Additionally, it recognizes the value of periodically assessing and treating the area’s drinking water sources.
Apartment Rental Market in Border Cities of Poland and Ukraine
Authors: Hełdak Maria , Kucher Lesia
Published: March 2024

This article is a contribution to the research that addresses the levels of apartment rental costs in Poland and Ukraine. The city of Rzeszów in Poland and Lviv in Ukraine – voivodeship capital cities that are located about 100 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border – were selected for the analysis. The purpose of the research is to compare the rental costs of apartments and to determine the correlation between the average rental rate and location of an apartment in the city as well as its floor, area, and residential standard. The experimental part of the article presents research results based on analyzing more than 300 apartment rental offers in the Rzeszów and Lviv housing market at the turn of 2022–2023. The possibility of renting an apartment results from the financial capacity of potential tenants, which is unavailable to people with low incomes; hence, the study also analyzed market rental rates in the context of the minimum wage in Poland and Ukraine in 2022.
circHIPK3 nucleates IGF2BP2 and functions as a competing endogenous RNA
Authors: Okholm Trine Line Hauge , Kamstrup Andreas Bjerregaard , Nielsen Morten Muhlig , Hollensen Anne Kruse , Graversgaard Mette Laugesen , Sørensen Matilde Helbo , Kristensen Lasse Sommer , Vang Søren , Park Samuel S. , Yeo Gene W. , Dyrskjøt Lars , Kjems Jørgen , Pedersen Jakob Skou , Damgaard Christian Kroun
Published: March 2024

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of widespread endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression and thereby influence cell biological decisions with implications for the pathogenesis of several diseases. Here, we disclose a novel gene-regulatory role of circHIPK3 by combining analyses of large genomics datasets and mechanistic cell biological follow-up experiments. Specifically, we use temporal depletion of circHIPK3 or specific RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and identify several perturbed genes by RNA sequencing analyses. Using expression-coupled motif analyses of mRNA expression data from various knockdown experiments, we identify an 11-mer motif within circHIPK3, which is also enriched in genes that become downregulated upon circHIPK3 depletion. By mining eCLIP datasets, we find that the 11-mer motif constitutes a strong binding site for IGF2BP2 and validate this circHIPK3-IGF2BP2 interaction experimentally using RNA-immunoprecipitation and competition assays in bladder cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that circHIPK3 and IGF2BP2 mRNA targets compete for binding. Since the identified 11-mer motif found in circHIPK3 is enriched in upregulated genes following IGF2BP2 knockdown, and since IGF2BP2 depletion conversely globally antagonizes the effect of circHIPK3 knockdown on target genes, our results suggest that circHIPK3 can sequester IGF2BP2 as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), leading to target mRNA stabilization. As an example of a circHIPK3-regulated gene, we focus on the
STAT3
mRNA as a specific substrate of IGF2BP2 and validate that manipulation of circHIPK3 regulates IGF2BP2-
STAT3
mRNA binding and thereby
STAT3
mRNA levels. However, absolute copy number quantifications demonstrate that IGF2BP2 outnumbers circHIPK3 by orders of magnitude, which is inconsistent with a simple 1:1 ceRNA hypothesis. Instead, we show that circHIPK3 can nucleate multiple copies of IGF2BP2, potentially via phase separation, to produce IGF2BP2 condensates. Finally, we show that circHIPK3 expression correlates with overall survival of patients with bladder cancer. Our results are consistent with a model where relatively few cellular circHIPK3 molecules function as inducers of IGF2BP2 condensation thereby regulating STAT3 and other key factors for cell proliferation and potentially cancer progression.
Chemotherapy activates inflammasomes to cause inflammation-associated bone loss
Authors: Wang Chun , Kaur Khushpreet , Xu Canxin , Abu-Amer Yousef , Mbalaviele Gabriel
Published: March 2024

Chemotherapy is a widely used treatment for a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. Despite its success in improving the survival rate of cancer patients, chemotherapy causes significant toxicity to multiple organs, including the skeleton, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Using tumor-free mouse models, which are commonly used to assess direct off-target effects of anti-neoplastic therapies, we found that doxorubicin caused massive bone loss in wild-type mice, a phenotype associated with increased number of osteoclasts, leukopenia, elevated serum levels of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs; e.g., cell-free DNA and ATP) and cytokines (e.g., IL-1β and IL-18). Accordingly, doxorubicin activated the absent in melanoma (AIM2) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in macrophages and neutrophils, causing inflammatory cell death pyroptosis and NETosis, which correlated with its leukopenic effects. Moreover, the effects of this chemotherapeutic agent on cytokine secretion, cell demise, and bone loss were attenuated to various extent in conditions of AIM2 and/or NLRP3 insufficiency. Thus, we found that inflammasomes are key players in bone loss caused by doxorubicin, a finding that may inspire the development of a tailored adjuvant therapy that preserves the quality of this tissue in patients treated with this class of drugs.
A “torn bag mechanism” of small extracellular vesicle release via limiting membrane rupture of en bloc released amphisomes (amphiectosomes)
Authors: Visnovitz Tamás , Lenzinger Dorina , Koncz Anna , Vizi Péter M , Bárkai Tünde , Vukman Krisztina V , Galinsoga Alicia , Németh Krisztina , Fletcher Kelsey , Komlósi Zsolt I , Lőrincz Péter , Valcz Gábor , Buzás Edit I
Published: March 2024

Recent studies showed an unexpected complexity of extracellular vesicle (EV) biogenesis pathways. We previously found evidence that human colorectal cancer cells
in vivo
release large multivesicular body-like structures
en bloc
. Here, we tested whether this large extracellular vesicle type is unique to colorectal cancer cells. We found that all cell types we studied (including different cell lines and cells in their original tissue environment) released multivesicular large EVs. We also demonstrated that upon spontaneous rupture of the limiting membrane of the multivesicular large EVs, their intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) escaped to the extracellular environment by a “torn bag mechanism”. We proved that the multivesicular large EVs were released by ectocytosis of amphisomes (hence, we termed them amphiectosomes). Both ILVs of amphiectosomes and small EVs separated from conditioned media were either exclusively CD63 or LC3B positive. According to our model, upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with autophagosomes, fragments of the autophagosomal inner membrane curl up to form LC3B positive ILVs of amphisomes, while CD63 positive small EVs are of multivesicular body origin. Our data suggest a novel common release mechanism for small EVs, distinct from the exocytosis of multivesicular bodies or amphisomes, as well as the small ectosome release pathway.
Observations Regarding on Pipe and Cup Findings from Bitlis Castle Late Ottoman Period (2022 Excavation Season)
Authors: KARASU Yunus Emre
Published: March 2024

Lüle, Osmanlı döneminde tütün başta olmak üzere çeşitli ürünleri içmek için kullanılmaktadır. Zamanla kullanılan ürünün türü ve özelliği ile lülelerin yaygınlaşması form, boyut ve bezeme özelliklerinde farklılıkların ortaya çıkmasına
sebep olmuştur. Geç Osmanlı Dönemi tütün ve kahve tüketiminin merkez bölgelerde sonrasında ise taşrada yaygınlaştığı görülmektedir. Tütün üretimi yapılan Bitlis’te de arz ve talebe bağlı olarak lüle üretiminin de yapıldığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Ayrıca tütün kullanımının arttığı 18.yüzyıl ile 20.yüzyıl başı arasında lülenin merkez üretim alanlarının yanı sıra yerel üretimlerinin çeşitli bölgelerde yapılmış olabileceği de düşünülmektedir. Bitlis Kalesi de lüle buluntularıyla
yoğun olarak karşılaşılan yerlerden biridir. Bitlis Kalesi’nde lüle üretiminin olabileceğine dair sınırlı veriler mevcut yayınlarda belirtilmektedir. 2022 yılı kazı çalışmalarında da çok sayıda lüle buluntusu ele geçirilmiştir.
Mevcut buluntuların bir kısmının küllü alanlar içerisinde ve yarı mamul olarak nitelendirilebilecek şekilde ele geçirilmesi ise oldukça önemlidir. Kazı çalışmalarında üretim aletlerine dair buluntulara ulaşılmamıştır. Ancak mevcut
buluntular Bitlis Kalesinde 18.yüzyıl ile 20.yüzyıl başı arasındaki dönemde lüle üretiminin olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Lülelerle birlikte fincan buluntuları da ele geçirilmiştir. Kütahya ve Avrupa üretimi fincanlar Bitlis
Kalesi Geç Osmanlı Dönemi sosyal ve kültürel yaşamını da yansıtmaktadır. Lüle buluntularıyla kıyaslandığında ise fincan buluntularının sayısal azlığı dikkat çekicidir. Bu durumun ise bölgede kahve tüketiminin lüle kadar yoğun olmamasına
bağlanmaktadır. Henüz kazılmamış alanlarda yapılacak çalışmaların mevcut konumun tespitine katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz. Ayrıca Bitlis bölgesinde üretilen ve ihraç edilen tütünle birlikte yakın bölgelere lüle ihracatının yapılması
da muhtemeldir.
A Mosque with Wooden Ceiling and Hand-Drawn Ornaments in Tokat Erbaa: Salkımören Village Mosque
Authors: KORKMAZ Neslihan
Published: March 2024

Erbaa tarihi geçmişi ve eserleri ile Tokat’ın önemli ilçelerinden biridir. Erbaa’nın bugün bulunduğu yer Erek olarak geçmektedir. Erbaa Arapça dört anlamına gelmektedir. 19.y.y.’a kadar Türk devrinde dört yakanın (Karakaya, Sonisa,
Taşabad, Erek) birleşmesinden meydana gelen bir merkez konumundadır. 1892 yılında Tokat Sancağı’na bağlanmıştır. Salkımören Köyü Erbaa ilçe merkezine 13km. uzaklıktadır. Köyün eski adı Hosan’dır. Hosan 1700’lü yıllarda Erzurum
Horasan’dan göç edip buraya yerleşenlere ithafen önceleri Horasan sonra Hosan olarak anılmıştır. Salkımören ismi 1968’den itibaren kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Köy ile ilgili Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi’nde 1845 tarihli bir temettuat
defteri tespit edilmiştir. Köyde ibadete açık durumda iki cami (Salkımören Köyü Cami ve Beşir Efendi Cami) bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızın konusunu Salkımören Köyü Cami oluşturmaktadır. Yapıya daha önce kültür envanterinde ve bir yüksek
lisans tezinde değinilmiş, ancak monografik bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Çalışmanın amacı yapıyı sanat tarihi disiplini içinde tüm yönleri ile ele almak ve literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Öncelikle yöre ve yapı ilgili olarak literatür
ve arşiv taraması yapılmıştır. Yapı yerinde incelenerek detaylı fotoğrafları çekilmiş, ölçüleri alınarak rölövesi çıkarılmış, yöre halkı ile yapılan görüşmeler ve mimari unsurlar da dikkate alınarak restitüsyon denemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Yapı ile ilgili farklı tarihlemeler söz konusudur. Mihrap üzerindeki kartuşta okunan H. 1325-1327/M.1905-1907/8 tarihi inşa tarihi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmada yapının mimari ve süsleme özeliklerine değinilmiş, benzer yapılar
ile karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.
Tokat Government Mansıon In The Ottoman Perıod Constructıon And Repaır Process
Authors: SEYFİ Serpil , ÇAVDAR Necati , BAYHAN Ahmet Ali
Published: March 2024

yüzyılın ortalarından yıkılışına kadar Osmanlı Devleti’nin toplumsal tekâmülünün şekillenmesine vasıta olmuş gelişmelerin başında Tanzimat Fermanı yer alır. Tanzimat, doğal kaynakların daha akılcı kullanılmasını sağlamak için ekonomik
açıdan tümüyle merkezî mali sisteme bağlı yeni bir bürokrasi oluşturmayı hedeflemiştir. Osmanlı toplumunda sosyal ve iktisadi eşitliği sağlama idealini merkeze alan Tanzimat ile kurulacak yeni mali ve mülki düzende iltizam sisteminin
kaldırılarak halk ile doğrudan temas kurma imkânı hedeflenmiştir. Tanzimat’ın ilanından itibaren idari alanda modernleşme hareketleri de hız kazanmıştır. 1840-1842 arasında uygulanan Muhassıllık sistemini müteakiben 1849, 1858
ve 1860 yıllarında önemli idari düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. 1864 yılında Vilayet Nizamnamesi ile uygulamaya konulan köklü idari değişimler kamu idaresinde bazı ihtiyaçları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bunlardan biri de ihtiyaç duyulan
yeni kamu idare yapıları olmuştur. Tokat Hükümet Konağı da Osmanlı kentlerine hükümet konakları inşa etme anlayışının yoğunluk kazandığı Tanzimat sürecinde gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ilk hali günümüze ulaşmamış olan Tokat
Hükümet Konağı’nın inşa ve onarım aşamalarının Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinde yer alan bilgiler doğrultusunda ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Osmanlı Arşivi’nden temin edilen resmî evrak sayesinde yapının planı, mimari özellikleri,
inşası ve onarımına dair keşif belgeleri, inşa ve onarım süreçleri, inşaatta kullanılan malzemeler gibi çok sayıda detay ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Elde edilen resmi evraka göre Tokat Hükümet Konağı’nın inşasına 1870 yılı sonlarında
başlanmış, yapı 1902’de ilk hizmete açılmış, 1908’de ise müştemilatı tamamlanmıştır. Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet dönemlerinde muhtelif tarihlerde tamirat geçiren Hükümet Konağı’nın 1980’li yılların başına kadar hizmet verdiği bilinmektedir.
Economic Life in Rumelia: The Example of Gallipoli Customs (1795-1796)
Authors: FEYİZ Fulya
Published: March 2024

Gelibolu bulunduğu coğrafi konum itibariyle Avrupa ve Anadolu arasındaki ticarette kritik roller üstlenmiş bir şehirdir. Rumeli’yi Anadolu’ya bağlayan fiziki bir yapıda olması ve Akdeniz’den İstanbul’a ulaşan hattın üzerinde bulunması
birçok geminin Gelibolu’da durmasına ve ticari faaliyetler gerçekleştirmesine olanak tanımıştır. Gelibolu, ticari anlamdaki değerini XVIII. yüzyılda da korumuştur. Her ne kadar söz konusu döneme ait gümrük kayıtları az olsa da
malların çeşitliliği, mal üzerinden tahsil edilen verginin niceliği, farklı dini ve etnik aidiyetteki tacirlerin varlığı söz konusu çalışmanın hazırlanmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Gelibolu Gümrüğü’nde malların vergilendirilmesinde
tacirlerin dini ve etnik aidiyetleri esas alınmıştır; genel olarak Müslüman tacirlerin ödedikleri vergiler daha düşük tutulmuştur. Bununla birlikte gümrüğe gelen tacirler çoğunlukla Müslüman ve zımmilerden oluşmaktadır. Vergilendirilen
emtia grupları içerisinde; tekstil, gıda ve deri ürünleri yoğunluktadır. Bahsi geçen ürünler dışında baharat-ecza, kimyevi maddeler, madeni ve hırdavat ürünleri de diğer vergi grubu dâhilinde olan mal kompozisyonlarıdır. Cumhurbaşkanlığı
Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi’nde 1795-1796 yıllarında Gelibolu Gümrüğü’ne ait 3 ayrı defterde 5 aylık gelir ve gider kaydı tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen süreç boyunca belirtilen mal kompozisyonları, Gelibolu gümrük
defterleri temel alınarak kendi içerisinde ayrı ayrı ele alınacak ve dönemin ticaret hayatına ilişkin çeşitli analizler yapılacaktır. Bu çalışma; temelde Gelibolu’nun ticari hayatını ve ekonomik durumunu gümrük ile irtibatlandırmayı
ve nihayetinde Osmanlı gümrük yapısının bir örneğini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
A Review on Understanding the Perception of Farmers on Effectiveness of Agricultural TV Programs for the Dissemination of Agricultural Information in Bangladesh
Authors: Choudhury Fahmida Husain , Akter Aysha
Published: March 2024

Television is an audio-visual medium of communication which is basically conceived as a powerful mass educator. The reason behind this, TV outreach has covered the several remote villages and tribal pockets and is ushering information explosion. The main focus of the study was to have an understanding on the perception of farmers regarding effectiveness of agriculture related TV programs for the dissemination of agricultural information. Attempt was also made to explore the relationship between some of the selected characteristics of the farmers and their perceived effectiveness of agriculture related TV programs for the dissemination of agricultural information. Over the last thirty years agriculture became technology based by using modern practices. Mass Communication media (Radio, Television, Newspaper, Mobile Phone etc.) took away the credit of this upgrade from traditional to modern. Out all of these, television is able to attract the audiences of all age groups, literate and illiterate and of all the strata of the society, thus it is a strong way of disseminating modern agricultural technological information to famers via different TV Programs. TV programs motivate farmers by changing imparting critical agricultural technical knowledge, awareness and skills. The study was carried out to assess the perception of farmers regarding effectiveness of agriculture related TV programs for the dissemination of agricultural information. Attempt was also made to explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the farmers and their perceived effectiveness of agriculture related TV programs for the dissemination of agricultural information. Most of the studies revealed that of majority of the farmers perceived agriculture related TV programs as medium effective while a minimal number of them found it either highly effective or opposite that means not so effective.
Estimates of Genetic Variability, Association Studies and Per se Performance of Tomato Genotypes for Growth and Yield Parameters Under Drought Stress Conditions
Authors: Karthik GU  , Lakshmidevamma TN  , Naika Mahantesha BN , Gasti Vilas D , Masuti Dileepkumar , Gollagi SG , Nishani Sandhyarani S
Published: March 2024

Aims: Drought tolerance is a complex phenomenon, influenced by the coordinated activity of many genes. Breeding for drought tolerance is the need for contemporary research under the present climate change scenario. Further, the estimates of variability and degree of association among the traits would facilitate the selection for yield under drought conditions as it is highly influenced by environmental factors. This study aimed for the enhancement of selection capacity for drought stress tolerance in tomato based on the measures of genetic variability parameters and extent of association among traits which in turn used to identify drought tolerant genotypes.
Methodology: The experiment was conducted with 39 tomato genotypes with 2 replications under normal and drought stress condition (15 days irrigation interval) following a Randomized Block Design during summer, 2020 at Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi.
Results: High heritability along with moderate to high GAM was recorded for all the characters under study in both control and drought stress condition, indicating predominance of additive gene action for these traits. Yield per plant had positive and strong association with plant height, stem girth, number of primary branches, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight. Further, path analysis revealed high desirable direct effect of average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant on yield per plant. Thus, there is ample of scope for improving these traits through selection. The genotypes viz., EC-634394, EC-638519 and Kashi Anupama shown superior performance for yield along with other yield attributing traits and also exhibited less percent reduction in these traits under drought condition.
Impact Analysis of the Mushroom Cultivation Training and Demonstrations Programme in the Old Alluvial Zone of West Bengal, India
Authors: Sarkar Victor , Das Ganesh , Roy Rakesh , Rudra B.C. , Bhowmick Paromita , Chakraborty S. , Majumdar D. , Pal P. , Sarkar D.
Published: March 2024

Edible mushrooms are part of a delicious and nutrient-dense vegetarian diet. KVK Malda conducted front-line demonstrations and trainings to evaluate the profitability of oyster mushroom production from 2020 to 2022. It is found from the study that the benefit-cost ratio of oyster mushroom cultivation was significant, and the majority of the respondents participated in a mushroom cultivation training program to learn about mushroom growing techniques for self-consumption and become entrepreneurs. It was found from the study that the majority of the respondents were able to identify edible and wild mushrooms, and they used the bi-product of mushrooms for compost production. It is also found from the study that the majority of the farmers in the old alluvial zone discontinue mushroom cultivation due to a lack of marketing facilities.
Repeated K-means Clustering Algorithm For Radar Sorting
Authors: ParK Dong Hyun , Seo Dong-ho , Baek Jee-hyeon , Lee Won-jin , Chang Dong Eui
Published: March 2024

In modern electronic warfare, a number of radar emitters are in operation, causing radar receivers to receive high-density signal pulses that occur simultaneously. To analyze the radar signals more accurately and identify enemies, the sorting process of high-density radar signals is very important before analysis. Recently, machine learning algorithms, specifically K-means clustering, are the subject of research aimed at improving the accuracy of radar signal sorting. One of the challenges faced by these studies is that the clustering results can vary depending on how the initial points are selected and how many clusters number are set. This paper introduces a repeated K-means clustering algorithm that aims to accurately cluster all data by identifying and addressing false clusters in the radar sorting problem. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, experiments are conducted by applying it to simulated signals that are generated by a signal generator.
A Study on Design of an Electromagnetic and Optical Characteristics in Transparent Conductor Coated Structures
Authors: Cho Sung Sil , Yoon Young Joon , Hwang Min Je , Choi Kwang Sik , Hong Ic Pyo
Published: March 2024

In order to avoid the high observability due to the cavity resonance or electromagnetic wave leakages from the bridge of a battleship or the cockpit of an aircraft, this paper presents a transparent conductive oxide coated structure to prevent the incoming/outgoing electromagnetic waves. Currently, most of the RCS reduction technologies were focused on radar absorbing material such as paints based on conductive or magnetic materials in the fuselage, and there is not much research on countermeasures for achieving the low observability of materials that required optical transparency in actual weapon systems. In this study, the transmission/reflection and absorption performance of the ITO coated structure according to the change of the surface resistance of the transparent conductor were analyzed. Finally, the relationship between the electromagnetic and optical characteristics was established through fabrication and measurement.
Design of Mixed Reality Visualization System for Operational Situation Using Cloud-based Geospatial Information
Authors: Jang Youngchan , Park Jaeil , Cho Eunji , Kwak Songyun , Shin Sang Heon
Published: March 2024

The importance of geospatial information is increasingly highlighted in the defense domain. Accurate and up-to-date geospatial data is essential for situational awareness, target analysis, and mission planning in millitary operations. The use of high-resolution geospatial data in military operations requires large storage and fast image processing capabilities. Efficient image processing is required for tasks such as extracting useful information from satellite images and creating 3D terrain for mission planning, In this paper, we designed a cloud-based operational situation mixed reality visualization system that utilizes large-scale geospatial information distributed processed on a cloud server based on the container orchestration platform Kubernetes. We implemented a prototype and confirmed the suitability of the design.
BIOFILM FORMATION AND VIRULENCE FACTORS DISTRIBUTION AMONG CLINICAL ISOLATES OF Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mauad Stéphany Marques , Correia Amanda dos Reis , Carneiro Lilian Carla , Naves Plínio Lázaro Faleiro
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic microorganism frequently isolated in the hospital environment and has been classified by the World Health Organization as a critical pathogen due to its resistance to antibiotics and its varied virulence factors. Objective: To evaluate biofilm formation and the expression of virulence factors of 30 clinical isolates and 2 standard strains of P. aeruginosa. In addition, this work aims to analyze the distribution of virulence factors in the different categories of biofilm formation. Methodology: Biofilm formation assays were performed in polystyrene microplate with crystal violet coloring and the strains were classified in groups. Other virulence factors were studied with specific phenotypic detection methods. Results: All P. aeruginosa were able to form biofilms, with 46.9% classified as strong formers, 25% as moderate and 28.12% as weak biofilm formers. Most isolates expressed the virulence factors analyzed and among them, pyoverdine was the most prevalent, followed by the production of lipases B, hemolysin, and protease. Lipases A showed the lowest incidence. Conclusion: Although no significant correlation was detected between biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates and virulence factors, it was observed that in the strong formers group there was expression of alkaline protease and lipases B in all strains. The results suggest that the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa is a multifactorial phenomenon and that virulence factors, although present in most isolates, occur independently of the biofilm formation category of the studied strains.
Intra‐group aggression among prisoners: bullying intensity and exploration of victim‐perpetrator mutuality
Authors: Ireland Jane L. , Ireland Carol A.
Published: July 2007

A new multiple indicator method of assessing bullying behaviour is employed (Direct and Indirect Prisoner behaviour Checklist – Scaled version [DIPC‐SCALED]) with 605 adult prisoners (487 men and 118 women). The study explores if the DIPC‐SCALED is a reliable method comprising of identifiable aggression factors; if prisoners can be classified into groups based on behavioural frequency; and if there is evidence for mutual victim/perpetrator groups. The DIPC‐SCALED proved reliable, comprising of a number of aggression factors. Prisoners could be classified into groups based on behavioural frequency with one‐fifth classified into an “intense” perpetrator and/or victim group. Evidence for mutual perpetrator/victims was found. Results are discussed with regards to the method used and the value in accounting for behavioural frequency in group classification. Aggr. Behav. 34:76–87, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of autoregressive models in the presence of additive noise
Authors: Diversi Roberto , Guidorzi Roberto , Soverini Umberto
Published: July 2007

A common approach in modeling signals in many engineering applications consists in adopting autoregressive (AR) models, consisting in filters with transfer functions having a unitary numerator, driven by white noise. Despite their wide application, these models do not take into account the possible presence of errors on the observations and cannot prove accurate when these errors are significant. AR plus noise models constitute an extension of AR models that consider also the presence of an observation noise. This paper describes a new algorithm for the identification of AR plus noise models that is characterized by a very good compromise between accuracy and efficiency. This algorithm, taking advantage of both low and high‐order Yule–Walker equations, also guarantees the positive definiteness of the autocorrelation matrix of the estimated process and allows to estimate the equation error and observation noise variances. It is also shown how the proposed procedure can be used for estimating the order of the AR model. The new algorithm is compared with some traditional algorithms by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extended testing of a simple granulation model
Authors: Ekwebelam C. C. , Ellis B. G. , Langrish T. A. G.
Published: July 2007

A mathematical model for predicting the size distributions of iron ore granules after granulation was developed by Litster et al. (1986). This model was initially tested using a limited range of iron ores, as well as on simple mixtures of the iron ores and for moisture contents not exceeding 5.4% (by weight). However, since the development and testing of the model, a much wider range of iron ores has become available. Granulation experiments have been carried out at different moisture contents for this wider range of iron ores, as well as for three simple and four complex blends made from the ores and added fluxes. Granulation experiments were also carried out on two of the four complex blends with Ores N and Y replaced with Ore W. The Sauter mean diameters and size distributions of the granules formed were compared with the values predicted by the mathematical model. In all the cases where there was sufficient moisture for granulation, the agreement between the Sauter mean diameters predicted by the model and those obtained from experimental results was within ± 10%. There was also good correlation between the model‐predicted and experimentally determined granule size distributions. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical properties of epoxy networks based on DGEBA and aliphatic amines
Authors: Garcia Filiberto González , Soares Bluma G. , Pita Victor J. R. R. , Sánchez Rubén , Rieumont Jacques
Published: July 2007

The mechanical properties of epoxy networks based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin cured with various linear aliphatic amines, such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and cyclic amines such as 1‐(2‐aminoethyl)piperazine and isophorone diamine, were studied. General characteristics such as Tg, density, and packing density, were determined and related to the structure and funcionality of the curing agent. Dynamic mechanical spectra were used to study both the α and β relaxations. Tensile and the flexural tests were used to determine the Young's and flexural modulus, and fracture strength all in the glassy state. Furthermore, linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to determine KIC. As a rule, isophorone diamine network presented the higher tensile and flexure modulus while 1‐(2‐aminoethyl)piperazine gave the highest toughness properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007