bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual Control of Host Actin Polymerization by a Legionella Effector Pair
Authors: Pillon M. , Michard C. , Baïlo N. , Bougnon J. , Picq K. , Dubois O. , Andrea C. , Attaiech L. , Daubin V. , Jarraud S. , Kay E. , Doublet P.
Published: January 2024

Host actin cytoskeleton is often targeted by pathogenic bacteria through the secretion of effectors. Legionella pneumophila virulence relies on the injection of the largest known arsenal of bacterial proteins, over 300 Dot/Icm type 4 secretion system effectors, into the host cytosol. Here, we define the functional interactions between VipA and LegK2, two effectors with antagonistic activities towards actin polymerization that have been proposed to interfere with the endosomal pathway. We confirmed the prominent role of LegK2 effector in Legionella infection, as the deletion of legK2 results in defects in the inhibition of actin polymerization at the Legionella-containing vacuole, as well as in endosomal escape of bacteria and subsequent intracellular replication. More importantly, we observed the restoration of the ΔlegK2 mutant defects, upon deletion of vipA gene, making LegK2/VipA a novel example of effector-effector suppression pair that targets the actin cytoskeleton and whose functional interaction impacts L. pneumophila virulence. We demonstrated that LegK2 and VipA do not modulate each other’s activity in a “metaeffector” relationship. Instead, the antagonistic activities of the LegK2/VipA effector pair would target different substrates, Arp2/3 for LegK2 and G-actin for VipA, to temporally control actin polymerization at the LCV and interfere with phagosome maturation and endosome recycling, thus contributing to the intracellular life cycle of the bacterium. Strikingly, the functional interaction between LegK2 and VipA is consolidated by an evolutionary history that has refined the best effector repertoire for the benefit of L. pneumophila virulence.
Supplementary Table S1 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Bertucci François , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Table S1. Full list of candidate regulators that were significantly enriched for 60 Reactome and WikiPathways, as identified by Affymetrix Genechip microarray analysis.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Chauhan Gaurav B. , Edupuganti Ramakrishna , Kogawa Takahiro , Park Jihyun , Tacam Moises , Tan Alex W. , Mughees Mohd , Vidhu Fnu , Liu Diane D. , Taliaferro Juliana M. , Pitner Mary Kathryn , Browning Luke S. , Lee Ju-Hyeon , Bertucci François , Shen Yu , Wang Jian , Ueno Naoto T. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven J. , Bartholomeusz Geoffrey , Dalby Kevin N. , Bartholomeusz Chandra
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Figure S4. Graphical representation of the physical protein-protein interaction network involved in modulating MELK activity in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Supplemental Table 3 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Small Cell Lung Cancer Cohort
Authors: Nishio Makoto , Murakami Shuji , Kawakami Hisato , Okishio Kyoichi , Tamiya Motohiro , Kobayashi Haruki , Fujimoto Daichi , Sugawara Shunichi , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Oya Yuko , Izumi Hiroki , Shiroyama Takayuki , Satouchi Miyako , Yamamoto Noboru , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Takase Takao , Semba Taro , Azuma Koichi
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Table 3. Anticancer Therapies Received During Survival Follow-up
Supplemental Table 2 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Small Cell Lung Cancer Cohort
Authors: Nishio Makoto , Murakami Shuji , Kawakami Hisato , Okishio Kyoichi , Tamiya Motohiro , Kobayashi Haruki , Fujimoto Daichi , Sugawara Shunichi , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Oya Yuko , Izumi Hiroki , Shiroyama Takayuki , Satouchi Miyako , Yamamoto Noboru , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Takase Takao , Semba Taro , Azuma Koichi
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Table 2. Tumor Responses in Evaluable Patients, and by Baseline/Pretreatment Characteristics
Supplemental Figure 4 from Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Small Cell Lung Cancer Cohort
Authors: Nishio Makoto , Murakami Shuji , Kawakami Hisato , Okishio Kyoichi , Tamiya Motohiro , Kobayashi Haruki , Fujimoto Daichi , Sugawara Shunichi , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Oya Yuko , Izumi Hiroki , Shiroyama Takayuki , Satouchi Miyako , Yamamoto Noboru , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Takase Takao , Semba Taro , Azuma Koichi
Published: January 2024

Supplementary Figure 4. IFN-related Biomarker Levels at Baseline by Receipt of Prior ICI
Contribution to the Chinese subfamily Rhaphidophorinae Walker, 1869 (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) VII: New descriptions of Rhaphidophora from Yunnan and Guangxi
Authors: LI SHAN , BIAN XUN
Published: January 2024

This paper contributes further studies Chinese cave crickets and describes seven new species and the female sex of Rhaphidophora longitabula Bian, Zhu & Shi, 2017. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.
Badaczka Kaszub i Łużyc, wybitna slawistka i etymolożka – Profesor Hanna Popowska-Taborska (1930–2022)
Authors: Rembiszewska Dorota Krystyna
Published: January 2024

Kashubian and Lusatian Studies Scholar, Outstanding Slavicist and Etymologist – Professor Hanna Popowska-Taborska (1930–2022)
This is an article in memory of Professor Hanna Popowska-Taborska, an outstanding Kashubian studies scholar, Slavicist and etymologist. Her scholarly interests mainly focused on the Kashubian language: description of its dialects and linguistic monuments, its dialects in the light of nineteenth-century archival materials, its lexicography, status and contemporary changes, and its development as a literary language. Her important achievements also include studies on Slavic lexis and etymology. She was the first researcher to draw attention to the importance of the legacy of Bartholomeus de Bydgostia (Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy). A renowned scholar, Professor Popowska-Taborska was a member of numerous commissions, committees, and academic and editorial boards.
Badaczka Kaszub i Łużyc, wybitna slawistka i etymolożka – Profesor Hanna Popowska-Taborska (1930–2022)
Tekst o charakterze memorialnym zawiera informacje o życiu i pracy naukowej wybitnej badaczki Kaszub, etymolożki i slawistki Hanny Popowskiej-Taborskiej.
Zainteresowania naukowe prof. H. Popowskiej-Taborskiej skupiały się głównie wokół kaszubszczyzny (opis dialektów i zabytków językowych, dialekty kaszubskie w świetle dziewiętnastowiecznych materiałów archiwalnych, studia nad kaszubską leksykografią, prace dotyczące statusu kaszubszczyzny, opis dokonujących się współcześnie przemian, kształtowanie się kaszubskiego języka literackiego). Ważną część dorobku stanowią także opracowania dotyczące leksyki i etymologii słowiańskich. Prof. H. Popowska-Taborska była pierwszą badaczką, która zwróciła uwagę na znaczenie spuścizny Bartłomieja z Bydgoszczy.
Miarą uznania dorobku prof. H. Popowskiej-Taborskiej było członkostwo w licznych komisjach, komitetach, radach naukowych.
Penalized anisotropy: Controlling anisotropy growth in concurrent optimization of topology and fiber orientation for orthotropic composite materials
Authors: Ichihara Naruki , Ueda Masahito , Yokozeki Tomohiro
Published: January 2024

The topology and fiber orientation of fiber-reinforced composite structures must be designed computationally to fully demonstrate their anisotropic mechanical properties. Optimization of the topology and fiber orientation is performed either sequentially or concurrently. In the sequential method, topology optimization is performed first, followed by fiber orientation optimization. This separated optimization process does not consider material anisotropy during the topology optimization process. The concurrent method has the potential to realize better results by considering the anisotropic properties during topology optimization. However, the concurrent method often obtains locally optimal solutions because of material anisotropy in the initial optimization process. A continuation approach for anisotropy, which starts with weak anisotropy and then improves the anisotropy gradually, resolves this issue. This paper proposes a new concurrent optimization that can control the growth of anisotropy. The growth of anisotropy affects the topology, which is used to determine a better structure. Optimization results were obtained serially by varying the growth of anisotropy, which allowed a highly optimal topology and fiber orientation to be explored by considering their anisotropic nature.
Gli1+ Periodontal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Periodontitis
Authors: Deng Y. , Li Q. , Svoboda K.K.H. , Opperman L.A. , Ruest L.B. , Liu X.
Published: January 2024

Periodontal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in maintaining periodontium homeostasis and in tissue repair. However, little is known about how periodontal MSCs in vivo respond under periodontal disease conditions, posing a challenge for periodontium tissue regeneration. In this study, Gli1 was used as a periodontal MSC marker and combined with a Gli1-cre ERT2 mouse model for lineage tracing to investigate periodontal MSC fate in an induced periodontitis model. Our findings show significant changes in the number and contribution of Gli1+ MSCs within the inflamed periodontium. The number of Gli1+ MSCs that contributed to periodontal ligament homeostasis decreased in the periodontitis-induced teeth. While the proliferation of Gli1+ MSCs had no significant difference between the periodontitis and the control groups, more Gli1+ MSCs underwent apoptosis in diseased teeth. In addition, the number of Gli1+ MSCs for osteogenic differentiation decreased during the progression of periodontitis. Following tooth extraction, the contribution of Gli1+ MSCs to the tooth socket repair was significantly reduced in the periodontitis-induced teeth. Collectively, these findings indicate that the function of Gli1+ MSCs in periodontitis was compromised, including reduced contribution to periodontium homeostasis and impaired injury response.
Dysgraphia Differs Between Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder and/or Reading Disorder
Authors: Jolly Caroline , Jover Marianne , Danna Jérémy
Published: January 2024

Handwriting deficits, or dysgraphia, are present in several neurodevelopmental disorders. To investigate whether dysgraphia differs according to the associated disorder, we performed a detailed analysis of handwriting in a group of French children with developmental coordination disorders (DCD), reading disorder (RD), or comorbid RD and DCD. Handwriting deficits were investigated at the product (quality of the trace) and the process (movement that generates the trace) levels. Nineteen children with singular RD (among which eight with dysgraphia), 13 children with singular DCD (among which seven with dysgraphia), 16 children with comorbid RD+DCD (among which 11 with dysgraphia), and 20 typically developing children, age 7 to 12, performed the BHK (Brave Handwriting Kinder) test, a standardized assessment of handwriting, on a graphic tablet. Developmental coordination disorders primarily affected handwriting quality, while RD affected slowness and, to a lesser extent, quality. Children with RD, solely or comorbid with DCD, wasted time by lifting and stopping the pen when writing. The comorbidity added to but did not worsen, handwriting difficulties. These results reflect distinct motor impairments and/or strategies in children with DCD or RD. We identified subtypes of dysgraphia and advocated for a fine-grained analysis of the writing process and the assessment of motor and reading skills when studying dysgraphia.
Federal Student Loan Debt in Public Health and the Opportunities for Loan Repayment Programs
Authors: Tait Margaret , Burke Emily , Leshan Tim , Casalotti Adriane , Krasna Heather , Leider Jonathon P.
Published: January 2024

Objectives:

A need persists for graduates with public health training in government public health roles; however, earnings for these positions tend to be lower when compared with earnings for people with undergraduate or graduate training who are working in other sectors, such as private health care or pharmaceuticals. This study assessed federal student loan debt associated with education for public health, with an aim to quantify the need that may be met through the federal Public Health Workforce Loan Repayment Program (PHWLRP), which is one tool that policy makers have proposed to incentivize people with public health training to pursue employment in government public health.

Methods:

We analyzed federal student loan data provided by the National Center for Education Statistics College Scorecard for the 2018-2019 academic year. We merged these data with the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System to estimate the number of degrees awarded. We used Spearman rank correlation to compare associations between debt and annual earnings by award level (bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees).

Results:

Across all award levels, the median level of federal student loan debt associated with education for public health was $33 366. The median annual earnings 1 year after graduation were $80 687 for graduates with doctoral degrees and $33 279 for graduates with bachelor’s degrees.

Conclusions:

As policy makers attempt to strengthen the public health workforce with a focus on funding and implementing the PHWLRP, the existing levels of student debt should be considered to ensure that programs such as the PHWLRP are funded and reflect the needs of graduates and government public health employers.
ChatGPT, a partnering tool to improve ESL learners’ speaking skills: Case study in a Public University, Malaysia
Authors: Muniandy Jayanthi , Selvanathan Mahiswaran
Published: January 2024

The emergence of ChatGPT, an OpenAI chatbot, has revolutionised our education system to a new phase. It is an innovative approach to future learning, including in the English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom. Since its inception, ChatGPT has been remarkably used by most educators and learners. Nevertheless, its application in the flipped classroom, especially in enhancing ESL learners’ speaking skills, is notably an innovative and novel phenomenon. Besides, educators’ challenges in giving instant feedback to learners and creating an engaging learning environment in the flipped classroom emerged as a crucial consideration. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of ChatGPT as a partnering tool in developing ESL learners’ speaking skills in the flipped classroom setting in a Malaysian public university. This study also scrutinises ESL learners’ challenges in using ChatGPT to develop speaking skills. The researchers employ a mixed-method design incorporating a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and focus group interviews. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, while the qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis. The findings of this study offer significant implications for various stakeholders in the educational industry. Policymakers, course designers, educators, learners, and even the Ministry of Education will obtain valuable insights, especially in decision-making, innovative teaching approaches, and learners’ speaking abilities in the ESL flipped classroom.
Infratemporal Fossa Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Liu Yuzhuo , Zhu Zhenzhen , Lv Wei
Published: January 2024

Neoplasms in the infratemporal fossa (ITF) are rare and insidious lesions that cause various symptoms due to involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), paranasal sinuses, and orbit. Here, we report a case of metastatic non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma in the ITF. The patient presented with facial pain and limited mouth opening, which did not respond to treatment for TMJ disorder, and a neoplasm was discovered in the ITF through medical imaging. With an open biopsy, the diagnosis was finalized. This report suggested that the physician should consider lesions in the ITF when facial pain and limited mouth opening failed local treatment, and distant metastasis of malignant tumor should be alerted. We also reviewed the literature regarding metastatic cancer to the ITF.
Prospects for municipal stewardship as a national policy: A scoping review and thematic synthesis
Authors: Mazzei Micaela , Murray Gillian , Hutcheon Danielle
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we delve into the opportunities and challenges of implementing municipal renewal as a national policy, especially in the context of local authorities’ relationships with anchor institutions, civil society and the social economy. Drawing on the initiation of a national Community Wealth Building policy, as adopted by the Scottish Government in 2021, we review the extant literature to discuss the emerging challenges and opportunities for CWB as a form of ‘New’ Municipalism.
Organizational culture and revenue-raising strategies in social service not-for-profits
Authors: Jiao Lu , Harrison Graeme , Chen Jinhua
Published: January 2024

Using survey and archival data, we investigate the relations between organizational culture and revenue-raising strategies of diversification and concentration in not-for-profit organizations (NFPs). We find that both a respect for people culture and a stability culture positively influence diversification, while an outcome orientation culture positively influences concentration. An innovation culture is not associated with either strategy. We confirm prior findings that governance factors of board size and gender diversity influence NFPs’ revenue strategies, and extend this research by incorporating board expertise, finding business expertise is positively associated with revenue concentration, whereas legal expertise is positively associated with diversification.

JEL Classification: L31 Nonprofit Institutions
Fresh Versus Frozen Meniscal Allograft Transplant: Revisit or Redundant? A Systematic Review
Authors: Lydon Katherine L. , Struijk Caroline , Michielsen Jozef , Prokop Larry , Krych Aaron J. , Saris Daniel , Verdonk Peter
Published: January 2024

Background:

Fresh-frozen allografts are the current standard in meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) surgery, due to their availability, ease of preservation, and affordability. However, fresh-frozen grafts are associated with several clinical challenges such as graft shrinkage and extrusion, among many others.

Purpose:

To present the current knowledge on the use of fresh meniscal allografts, presenting whether benefits associated with fresh grafts provide sufficient evidence to support their use in clinical practice.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 5.

Methods:

A comprehensive search was conducted with keywords listed below. After an initial screening on title and abstract, full-text articles were assessed with the inclusion criteria.

Results:

A total of 78 studies matched the inclusion criteria. Literature and preclinical studies indicated that fresh meniscal allografts are beneficial for maintaining mechanical properties, graft ultrastructure, and matrix metabolism due to the presence of viable cells. Therefore, fresh allografts may address common complications associated with fresh-frozen MAT. To overcome challenges associated with both fresh-frozen and fresh allografts, a group has studied treating fresh-frozen allografts with a cell-based injection therapy.

Conclusion:

Fresh meniscal allografts pose several challenges including limited availability, demanding preservation procedures, and high costs. Although the role of viable cells within meniscal allografts remains controversial, these cells may be vital for maintaining tissue properties.
Knotless Bioabsorbable Anchors Placed on the Glenoid Face for Arthroscopic Bankart Repair
Authors: Kim Su Cheol , Kim Hyun Gon , Na Sang Woon , Jung Joo Sam , Yoo Jae Chul
Published: January 2024

Background:

Quantitative analysis of the glenoid face knotless-type anchor placement for arthroscopic Bankart repair has not been reported.

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair using knotless bioabsorbable anchors depending on the anchor location.

Study design:

Case series, Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A total of 124 patients (113 men and 11 women; age, 25.6 ± 7.5 years; follow-up time, 46.5 ± 18.2 months [range, 6.2-75.5 months]) who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair with the bioabsorbable knotless anchor between 2017 and 2021 were included in this study. Among them, 118 patients were observed for >2 years (mean, 48.2 ± 16.8 months [range, 24-75.5 months]) and were analyzed for final clinical and radiologic outcomes. Using postoperative 6-month magnetic resonance imaging, remnant glenoid (%) and labral height were measured. Shoulder range of motion (ROM), radiographic osteoarthritic change, dislocation, apprehension test, and return to sports were recorded. Three groups were established based on the remnant glenoid, which represented the percentage of the exposed glenoid anteroposterior diameter to the original diameter using the best-fit circle method—group A: lower quartile; group B: interquartile; and group C: upper quartile—and variables were analyzed.

Results:

Overall, the remnant glenoid was 57% ± 6.4% (range, 41.5%-75%) after the surgery. Osteoarthritic change, dislocations, and positive apprehension tests were observed in 5 (4.2%), 4 (3.4%), and 12 (10.2%) patients, respectively. A total of 34 (28.8%) and 64 (54.2%) patients could return to sports without and with restrictions, respectively. Comparing groups A, B, and C, postoperative labral height (7 ± 1, 7 ± 2, and 7 ± 1 mm; P = .623), final osteoarthritic change (1, 4, and 0; P = .440), positive apprehension tests (5, 5, and 2; P = .387), and return to sports (complete/restricted/unable, 6/18/5, 19/29/11, 9/17/4; P = .769) were not different. All ROM were similar across the groups (all P > .054), except for external rotation (ER) at postoperative 6 months (41.3°± 12.8°; 50.2°± 18.5°; and 49.8°± 15.2°; P = .050). However, ER after 1 year was similar across the groups (all P > .544). In further analysis, patients with positive apprehension tests had lower labral height compared with others (5 [4-6] mm and 7 [6-8] mm; P < .001).

Conclusion:

In arthroscopic Bankart repair, the placement of knotless bioabsorbable anchors on the glenoid face, combined with the remplissage procedure or rotator interval closure, resulted in a low recurrence rate and moderate return to sports. However, most patients had some restrictions in returning to sports. Moreover, this technique was not associated with postoperative arthritis and shoulder stiffness, including ER deficit, which was not affected by the position of the anchor on the glenoid face for a minimum 2-year follow-up.
Effective mechanisms responsible for increased strength and fracture strain of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic/steel hybrid laminates
Authors: Alikhani Arman , Jafari Nedoushan Reza , Dastan Tohid , Mosaddegh Peiman , Yu Woong-Ryeol
Published: January 2024

The tensile properties of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP)/steel laminates have been observed to exceed the expected values predicted by the rule of mixture. While the CFRP/steel laminate is expected to fail at the failure strain of the CFRP lamina, it was observed that hybridization with a steel lamina improves the failure strain. This study investigates numerically and analytically the roles of each influential mechanism responsible for this enhancement, including the thermal residual strain, bridging effect, effect of compressive transverse stress on CFRP layers, and effect of tensile transverse stress on steel layers. To assess these mechanisms, multiple finite-element and analytical models were developed. A mesoscale finite-element model was proposed, which uses novel random fiber distribution algorithm capable of reproducing random fibers with high fiber volume fractions exceeding 65%. Rather than the meso-scale model, macro finite-element models and analytical relationships were developed to assess each hybrid mechanism. Analysis showed 6% increase of the failure strain due to thermal effect and up to 11% increase of strength due to multiaxial stress in steel layer. The results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of each phenomenon that contributes to improved tensile properties in hybrid CFRP/metal laminates.
Tribological performance analysis of sustainable basalt micro-filler loaded bio-based polypropylene and high density polyethylene composites
Authors: Jagadeesh Praveenkumara , Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay , Siengchin Suchart
Published: January 2024

The current research work involves the fabrication and tribological properties analysis of constant basalt filler reinforced (30 wt %) bio-based polypropylene (PP) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic composites. Compression molding technique is used after an internal mixing process in order to produce composite samples. The physical and hardness properties have been evaluated for both neat polymers and composite samples. In order to study the coefficient of friction (COF) and specific wear rate (SWR) of PP and HDPE composite samples, the Taguchi and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) methodologies were applied. For PP samples, the optimum parameters in response to COF are found to be 0 wt% basalt (rank 3), 9 N load (rank 1), 200 r/min speed (rank 4), and 100 m distance (rank 2); for the SWR output, the optimum parameters are 30 wt% basalt (rank 1), 6 N load (rank 4), 100 r/min speed (rank 2), and 200 m distance (rank 3). For HDPE samples, the optimum parameters in response to COF are 0 wt% basalt (rank 1), 6 N load (rank 3), 100 r/min speed (rank 4), and 100 m distance (rank 2); for the SWR output, the optimum parameters are 30 wt% basalt (rank 1), 6 N load (rank 3), 100 r/min speed (rank 4), and 150 m distance (rank 2). Consistently, it has been shown that incorporating basalt fillers to PP and HDPE composites has more dramatically decreased SWR than COF. The depth of wear constantly rises according to increasing load, irrespective of the processing variables, as shown in 2D depth profiles. It is discovered that the confirmation tests carried out for the optimum parameters are within statistically acceptable bounds. The depth profile plots revealed that the worn track edges are found with polymer bumps because of deep grooves and softened polymer debris, which commonly observed more with HDPE samples due to low softening temperature. Moreover, the worn surfaces of the composites have plowed lines and cracks that are brought about by the micro-cutting and micro-plowing activity of the erosive asperities counterface. In addition to surface characteristics, the transfer films created during sliding also significantly influenced the mode of sample wear.
Manufacturing and contact characteristics analysis of a novel 2K-H internal meshing planetary reducer with involute-cycloid combined tooth profiles
Authors: Luo Shanming , Jingyu Mo
Published: January 2024

Rotate Vector (RV) reducer involves multiple crankshafts to drive the cycloidal-pin transmission in parallel, leading to an over-positioning structure and high manufacturing and assembly requirements for the reducer, restricting the development of industrial robots. In view of the above problems, a novel configuration of Abnormal Cycloidal Gear (ACG) reducer with a 2K-H internal meshing planetary transmission is proposed. The design innovatively replaces the multiple crankshafts with a pin mechanism, thereby addressing the over-positioning and simplifying the manufacturing and assembly processes. To improve the performance of the reducer, the “epicycloid-involute-hypocycloid” combined tooth profiles are designed and adopted as the ACG reducer’s drive teeth. The configuration principle of the ACG reducer is conducted. Next, a manufacturing method utilizing a rack cutter to generate the profile of drive teeth is presented. Finally, the meshing performance and mechanical behaviors of the designed internal meshing pair for the ACG reducer are evaluated. Results show that ACG reducer has the advantages of a simple structure and large transmission ratio. The combined tooth profiles can be machined at one time using the designed cutter, simplifying the tooth machining process. The internal meshing pair is linear contact and exhibits an obviously multi-teeth meshing effect, which benefits the carrying capacity and transmission performance of the ACG reducer.
De lunatico inquirendo: managing family inheritance across madness in eighteenth-century London
Authors: McCarthy Mark
Published: January 2024

An ‘inquisition’ (or inquiry) held before a Justice of the Peace was the primary instrument for management of lunacy in eighteenth-century England. Yet its purpose was to protect wealth rather than the individual. The 1766 case book of Dr John Monro, London’s leading doctor for madness, unexpectedly records a consultation that links two siblings who both had inquisitions. Nicholas Jeffreys’ only son was attested lunatic in 1744: to circumvent inheritance through primogeniture, Jeffreys directed the family wealth to his last living child. One of his three daughters married Lord Camden, a former Lord Chancellor: after her and her second sister’s deaths, the last-surviving sister was also placed under inquisition in 1780, to ensure the inheritance for his own family.
Understanding emotions in hate speech: A methodology for discourse analysis
Authors: Alcántara-Plá Manuel
Published: January 2024

In recent years, emotions have been receiving considerable attention in discourse analysis, identified as a defining feature of contemporary political discourses. However, most of the previous studies in the field have focused on the categorization of emotions and on how these are present in texts. This approach fails if we want to understand the mechanisms that underpin the relevance of emotions in political discourse, because emotion categories do not tell us much about how and why an emotion is constructed as such. The purpose of this article is to propose a new framework for a more comprehensive analysis drawing upon previous studies on emotions from sociocognitive and constructivist perspectives. Taking into account that emotions are constructed by the addressee -and not by the speaker or the discourse itself-, I present a methodological approach that includes all the elements in play when an emotion arises. Example analysis of hate speech messages are provided to show the contributions that can be made to discourse analysis using this method.
Segmental aplasia of the paramesonephric duct in a New Zealand white rabbit and a review of the literature
Authors: Davies Benjamin P. , Hassouna Elsayed Sara , Hughes Katherine
Published: January 2024

In females, the paramesonephric (syn: Müllerian) duct gives rise to the uterine tubes, uterus, cervix, and part of the vagina. Segmental uterine aplasia resulting from a paramesonephric duct abnormality has been reported in a range of species including bovids, canids, felids, equids, camelids, and lagomorphs. Here we document segmental aplasia of the left paramesonephric duct in a New Zealand white rabbit. The proximal 70 mm of the left uterine tube was present and terminated in adipose tissue. A 10 × 2 × 1-mm tag of cream tissue was present and was composed of sheets of adipose tissue and streams of smooth muscle, but otherwise, there was no evidence of the left uterine horn, supporting a diagnosis of unilateral uterine aplasia (uterus unicornis) analogous to a human class II (unicornuate uterus) lesion of the “no horn” subtype. In addition, our case had a concurrent uterine tube fimbrial cyst, minor cysts in the left kidney, and mammary gland hyperplasia with secretory activity. We suggest the adoption of a uniform classification system specifically for lagomorph uterine anomalies. Large-scale multi-center studies documenting prevalence of such lesions would facilitate identification of trends in laterality and other factors.
Crowdfunding Social Ventures: Who Will Reward (or Punish) Hybridity?
Authors: Aouni Zineb , Hudon Marek , Périlleux Anaïs , Wry Tyler
Published: January 2024

Unlike traditional investing, where decisions follow a clear financial calculus, it is unclear how and why funders support hybrid ventures. To address this question, we analyze the varied priority that investors place on social impact versus financial returns and draw on categories theory to argue that different priority orderings associate with different perceptions of how hybridity aligns with different investment goals. Results show that funders who prioritize financial goals react positively when they perceive a venture exhibits greater hybridity, whereas funders who prioritize social impact do not. Our findings contribute to research on impact investing, hybrid organizations, and categories theory.
The Future of Research on International Selling and Sales Management
Authors: Chaker Nawar N. , Habel Johannes , Hewett Kelly , Zablah Alex Ricardo
Published: January 2024

As companies expand their international footprint, insight regarding how to effectively organize international selling and sales management (ISSM) efforts is becoming increasingly important. Unfortunately, most prior research on personal selling and sales management is grounded in a domestic market perspective, which limits the relevance of its findings to situations in which sales activities occur between stakeholders located in different national markets. This special issue responds to the need for dedicated research on ISSM through six articles that explore phenomena arising from the interaction between international salespeople and international customers and their domestic counterparts. Moreover, this editorial builds on these six articles to advance a research agenda rooted in an interaction-based conceptualization of the ISSM field that identifies areas of inquiry related to international salespeople, international customers, and international managers, and subsequently prioritizes these research opportunities using input provided by sales practitioners. This special issue and editorial thus identify critical, underexplored research topics in the ISSM domain that are accompanied by a series of illustrative examples of how best to contribute to this emerging but important literature stream.
Lived Experience, Shared Knowledge: Reimagining Community-Driven Science Communication Research
Authors: Newman Todd P. , Williamson Lillie D. , Xenos Michael A.
Published: January 2024

This essay advocates for a transformative, community-centric approach to science communication, promoting inclusivity and recognizing the impact of lived experiences. We challenge the prevalent population-centric approach and underscore the importance of engaging persistently marginalized communities, notably Black Americans. Drawing from health communication literature, we unveil a comprehensive project aimed at understanding Black Americans’ experiences and perspectives on science.
Discomfort survey of dumper operators exposed to whole-body vibration in opencast coal mines
Authors: Kumar Vivekanand , Palei Sanjay Kumar , Karmakar Netai Chandra
Published: January 2024

Exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) can lead to pain and discomfort of the heavy earthmoving machinery operators. In this paper, WBV measurement of 110 dumper operators has been conducted in three opencast coal mines, followed by a discomfort survey. Vibration measurement revealed that the mean frequency-weighted daily rms acceleration, A(8), for the operators was 0.87 m s−2. The discomfort survey was conducted to determine whether body regions of discomfort relate to their kinds of task performed by the dumper operators and also to prioritize areas for ergonomic intervention. Overall discomfort was evaluated corresponding to five regions of human body in the present survey. The results of the survey revealed that maximum operators had discomfort in their lower back region (65%) followed by leg region (53%). The industrial application of discomfort analysis is to identify the human body regions susceptible to vibration hazards. The discomfort indices are also correlated with vibration magnitude and some of the contributing factors of WBV for better understanding the vibration risks faced by the dumper operators for effectively managing the impacts of vibration in surface coal mines.
Scope and Incentives for Risk Selection in Health Insurance Markets With Regulated Competition: A Conceptual Framework and International Comparison
Authors: van Kleef Richard C. , Reuser Mieke , McGuire Thomas G. , Armstrong John , Beck Konstantin , Brammli-Greenberg Shuli , Ellis Randall P. , Paolucci Francesco , Schokkaert Erik , Wasem Juergen
Published: January 2024

In health insurance markets with regulated competition, regulators face the challenge of preventing risk selection. This paper provides a framework for analyzing the scope (i.e., potential actions by insurers and consumers) and incentives for risk selection in such markets. Our approach consists of three steps. First, we describe four types of risk selection: (a) selection by consumers in and out of the market, (b) selection by consumers between high- and low-value plans, (c) selection by insurers via plan design, and (d) selection by insurers via other channels such as marketing, customer service, and supplementary insurance. In a second step, we develop a conceptual framework of how regulation and features of health insurance markets affect the scope and incentives for risk selection along these four dimensions. In a third step, we use this framework to compare nine health insurance markets with regulated competition in Australia, Europe, Israel, and the United States.
Initial performance assessment of 3D printed thin walled structures for spacecraft applications
Authors: Dumitrescu Adrian , Walker Scott J I , Romei Federico , Bhaskar Atul
Published: January 2024

Sandwich panels are the fundamental structural element in a wide range of applications, including in satellite primary structures. While sandwich constructions are very efficient, their complex multi-material assembly leaves room for further optimisation of the core volume and improvement in the integration phase. One key technology that can enable the transition to multifunctional sandwich panel cores tailored to certain applications is the additive manufacturing (AM) of satellite primary structure sandwich panel cores. This paper investigates the feasibility of replacing the baseline Aluminium honeycomb core with a core printed out of AlSi10Mg through Powder Bed Fusion. Sandwich panels with carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) facesheets and printed honeycomb cores as well as fully printed corrugated panels are produced and tested under three point bending (3PB) and compression as part of the EU funded ReDSHIFT project. The Instron 5560 (3PB) and 4204 (compression) are used to perform the experiments that follow the ASTM C393-11 and C365 standards. When compared against the baseline CFRP-AL panels, the 3D printed honeycomb cores carry up to twice as much load per unit mass in bending and four times as much in compression, while also being stiffer. The fully printed corrugates samples are weaker than the honeycombs, but in conjunction with the honeycomb geometry may present a promising avenue for developing multifunctional cores. While limitations with current metal printing technology prevent AM cores from matching the mass of baseline designs, the superior specific performance and geometrical freedom make printed cores a promising design alternative.
Using Sabine’s and sound power relation to study: The effect of diffusers on measured sound absorption
Authors: Mahmoud Abd El-Fattah A , Shawky Hany A
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the number of diffusers placed in the same room, as well as the effect of diffusers with a flat area (8.4, 13.2, and 18 m2) on the calculated sound absorption coefficient in a reverberation room, when an iterative procedure based on the evaluation of the sound power level is applied (this is done by using the sound power equation and substituting with different values of equivalent absorption area on both sides of the transformed equation to reach the correct value for absorption area, which achieves equality on both sides of the equation in order to achieve the goal). The sound absorption coefficient at random incident of three materials having different degrees of absorption—has been measured in a reverberation room according to ISO 345: a highly absorbent material (sponge) a medium absorbent material (rubber) and a low absorbent material (wood).There is a noticeable convergence between the calculated and measured sound absorption coefficient from the usual ISO 354 procedure and from the sound power level equation from ISO 3741,when diffusers are present. The difference in sound power level is close to 1.0 dB depending on the position of the source with the diffuser area. Thanks to the diffusers effect, the difference between the measured and the calculated sound absorption coefficient can be considerably reduced.
Systematic literature review: The use of the concept of perezhivanie in research on teacher training
Authors: Schwarz Juliana Corrêa , Ratti Leiri , Waiga Juliano Mainardes , Stoltz Tania , de Camargo Denise
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to map research, based on a qualitative approach, that uses the Vygotskian concept of perezhivanie (lived experience) as a category of analysis in research on teacher training. The bibliographic survey was carried out using the systematic literature review and meta-synthesis method. As a result of this procedure, four scientific publications that make use of the concept of perezhivanie were identified. Thus, despite being found in several of Vygotsky’s works, we consider that the concept of perezhivanie has been little used in scientific studies inspired by the theoretical heritage of this author. By mapping research on teacher training and perezhivanie, this study provides new starting points for investigations that seek to move forward with the reflection on the importance of considering lived experiences and the interrelationship between emotion and intellect in teacher training courses.
Sleep health and associated factors among undergraduates during the COVID-19 in China: A two-wave network analysis
Authors: Zhao Chengjia , He Jiankang , Xu Huihui , Du Mingxuan , Yu Guoliang , Zhang Guohua
Published: January 2024

Using network analysis, the current study investigated the pathways that underlie selected components of sleep health and their changes over time. Undergraduates ( N = 1423; 80.60% female) completed a two-wave survey, sleep health (i.e. chronotypologies (CTs), sleep procrastination (SP), sleep quality (SQ)), psychological distress (PD), emotion regulation (ER), self-control (SC), problematic smartphone use (PSU) were measured. CTs, SP, and SQ formed a spatially contiguous pattern that remained unchanged in both waves. ER and PD node increased its strength, betweenness, and closeness in the network, while the link between the two was strengthened at T2. PSU was connected to SP, but not to CTs and SQ during both waves. In the context of the network approach, SP had the highest strength, and its associations with other dimensions of individual sleep may represent key factors in understanding the influence of exposure to the COVID-19 outbreak on sleep health.
Understanding cancer patients’ desire to quit tobacco without assistance: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Borger Tia , Feather Abigayle R , Wakeman Kathleen E , Bowling William , Burris Jessica L
Published: January 2024

While many cancer patients who use tobacco try to quit post-diagnosis, some prefer to quit without using tobacco treatment, despite evidence against unassisted quit attempts. This study aimed to understand the rationale for some cancer patients’ desire to quit tobacco without assistance. Thirty-five adult cancer patients who currently used tobacco and declined tobacco treatment because of the desire to quit unassisted provided data via a standardized questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The sample was predominately White, non-Hispanic (85.71%) and female (68.57%). The most common cancer site was gynecological. Key themes that emerged from the interviews were: self-reliance, willpower, social norms, and negative attitudes toward tobacco treatment. The most frequently endorsed barrier to tobacco treatment was “ I know others who have quit without tobacco treatment” (82.86%). This study with cancer patients identified affective, cognitive, and personality factors related to quitting unassisted, and social and systemic reasons to not use tobacco treatment.
Tensions in caring for chronic patients’ medication adherence: A qualitative study in Cyprus
Authors: Karashiali Christiana , Konstantinou Pinelopi , Kasinopoulos Orestis , Michael Christos , Papageorgiou Alexia , Kadianaki Irini , Karekla Maria , Kassianos Angelos P
Published: January 2024

Medication adherence (MA) to recommended treatment is a multi-faceted problem and an ongoing challenge for healthcare providers (HCPs) to monitor. This qualitative study with 10 HCPs in Cyprus aims to explore HCPs’ perceptions and strategies used on addressing medication non-adherence (MNA) in patients with chronic conditions. Two main themes emerged from the analysis reflecting the ways that HCPs described their reactions to MNA of their patients: (1) “Relying on information provision to improve MA” and (2) “Trying to understand patients’ perspective.” HCPs reported empathizing with patients and engaging in discussions to understand patients’ perspective and reasons for MNA, so as to explore alternative solutions. Simultaneously, some HCPs reflected that the techniques used to improve MA are solely centered around information on medication and side-effects. HCPs experienced an internal conflict between providing patient-centered care versus using directive approaches to improve MA. Findings suggest how HCPs could thoroughly address patients’ individual barriers.