bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Heat Transfer Performance in Heat Exchangers using Nanoparticle-Infused Fluids: A Computational Approach
Authors: K. Hasan Wajeeh , Ali Mahmood Hussein Mohammed , Najim Abdullah Saieed Ali
Published: February 2025

The study examines the impact of hybrid nanoparticle-based materials on the flow performance in a tube with a consistent surface temperature of 373 K. The simulation of the flow was conducted using Ansys 2024 and two-dimensional governing equations for partial differentials. This simulation utilized three distinct concentrations of hybrid nanomaterials Al2O3–Cu to observe their effects. Al2O3–Cu nanoparticles are dispersed in water at volume ratios of 1%, 5%, and 100%. The fluid velocity varied between 0.1 and 1.5 m/s, while the input temperature was 25 °C (~298 K). The current study examines three cases of dimples: 15, 30, and 45 concave/convex dimples. Increasing the concentration of Al2O3-Cu nanoparticles in water is shown to improve certain physical properties while decreasing others. Moreover, when the concentration of nanoparticles grows, the Nusselt number (Nu) also rises. The thermal performance factor is enhanced with an increase in the number of dimples. The study shows that the heat transfer coefficient increases with hybrid nanoparticle concentration, achieving enhancements of 2.14%, 10.8%, and 21.82% for 1%, 5%, and 10% concentrations at 1 m/s. The highest increase of 22.22% compared to pure water occurs at 1.5 m/s with a 10% concentration. Compared to a smooth pipe, improvements are 15.67%, 30.01%, and 37.72% for three cases, with case 2 (30 concave/convex dimples) exhibiting the best thermal performance factor.
Psychological study of post-traumatic syndrome in students of displaced higher education institutions
Authors: ZAVGORODNYA Alyona
Published: February 2025

The following article throws light on the research of post-traumatic syndrome of the students of the displaced higher educational establishments as a result of traumatic situations in the armed conflict area. The author represents practical research of the mentioned problem.
Keramik aus Megalithgräbern in Nordwestdeutschland
Authors: Menne Julia
Published: February 2025

Die Grabbeigaben neolithischer Megalithgräber in Nordwestdeutschland unterliegen einem stetigen Wandel. Durch die neuen Forschungen an megalithischen Bestattungsplätzen im Verbreitungsgebiet der Trichterbecherwestgruppe deckt die
Autorin ein engmaschiges kulturelles Netzwerk auf. Dafür wird ausgewählte Grabkeramik neben einer deskriptiven Analyse mit aktuellen naturwissenschaftlichen Methoden hinsichtlich ihrer materialkundlichen Aspekte untersucht. Erstmals
wird der dadurch erkennbare Innovationstransfer zwischen den Nutzern der Megalithgräber detailliert erfasst. Es kristallisiert sich ein klarer Kontrast von Identitäten innerhalb der neolithischen Gesellschaft heraus, der sich gleichsam
in Prozessen von Adaptionen und Normierung in territorialen und naturräumlichen Grenzen widerspiegelt. Das Emsland nimmt hierbei mit seinen zahlreichen Gräbern dieser Art eine bedeutende Mittlerrolle innerhalb der Trichterbecherwestgruppe
ein.
La cosecha asistida en los rendimientos de recolección en la producción de café en Antioquia
Authors: Nicolás Guarín Boris
Published: February 2025

El sector cafetero enfrenta altos costos de recolección (40-45% del total) y escasez de mano de obra. La cosecha asistida busca reducir estos costos y aumentar la eficiencia, mejorando la rentabilidad sin afectar la productividad, considerando además mejoras en acceso a la tierra e infraestructura rural. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la tecnología de cosecha asistida en rendimientos y pérdidas de café en cuatro fincas de Antioquia, comparando tres métodos de recolección, en cuatro fincas con diferentes condiciones ambientales y los operarios fueron capacitados en recolección manual con lonas y con lonas y derribadora selectiva de café. Esta investigación se desarrolló en cuatro fincas de Antioquia con condiciones medio ambientales distintas. Se seleccionaron 60 árboles por lote y se midieron tiempos de trabajo, peso de la masa recolectada, frutos dejados en el suelo, frutos maduros en los árboles y frutos verdes recolectados. El método manual con lonas tuvo mayores rendimientos en el 75% de las muestras, seguido por lonas con derribadora DSC-18. La recolección asistida con derribadora y lonas fue más eficaz en más del 50% de las fincas, con menos pérdidas promedio. En términos de calidad, el método manual con lonas recolectó menos frutos verdes, obteniendo la mejor calidad. El método tradicional generó las mayores pérdidas de frutos, seguido por el método manual con lonas. Se pudo observar que la mayor limitante para todas las fincas es el factor ambiental para lograr tener concentración de cosecha. Otro factor que limita la adopción de cosecha asistida es el aspecto socio-cultural de las personas encargadas de realizar la labor operativa.
Dinámica de la resistencia de las variedades mejoradas de café en Colombia
Authors: Flórez Claudia Patricia
Published: February 2025

Uno de los mayores retos para un Programa de Mejoramiento Genético (PMG) es mantener la durabilidad de la resistencia de las variedades en campo, principalmente si se trata de resistencia a un hongo obligado como la roya. En 1968, Cenicafé estableció la estrategia de usar variedades compuestas por diferentes progenies mejoradas que a su vez contienen diferentes espectros de resistencia. Con esta estrategia la caficultura colombiana ha estado libre de grandes epidemias de roya por más de 40 años.La variedad Colombia, lanzada en 1982, se caracterizaba por presentar resistencia completa a la roya, lo que se traducía en ausencia de la enfermedad en campo. Sin embargo, en la década de los 90´s se comienza a observar la presencia de razas de roya compatibles con algunos componentes de ésta variedad, lo que marca la pérdida progresiva de la resistencia completa y la incorporación en las variedades de progenies con resistencia incompleta frente a esta enfermedad. En este seminario se abordará de manera integral la dinámica de la resistencia de las variedades mejoradas frente a la roya, se profundizará en la definición de resistencia incompleta y sus parámetros, para finalmente vislumbrar el futuro de la resistencia genética frente a esta enfermedad.
Interior Convection Regime, Host Star Luminosity, and Predicted Atmospheric CO2 Abundance in Terrestrial Exoplanets
Authors: Affholder Antonin , Mazevet Stéphane , Sauterey Boris , Apai Dániel , Ferrière Régis
Published: February 2025

Terrestrial planets in the habitable zone (HZ) of Sun-like stars are priority targets for detection and observation by the next generation of space telescopes. Earth's long-term habitability may have been tied to the geological carbon cycle, a process critically facilitated by plate tectonics. In the modern Earth, plate motion corresponds to a mantle convection regime called mobile lid. The alternate, stagnant-lid regime is found on Mars and Venus, which may have lacked strong enough weathering feedback to sustain surface liquid water over geological timescales if initially present. Constraining observational strategies able to infer the most common regime in terrestrial exoplanets requires quantitative predictions of the atmospheric composition of planets in either regime. We use end-member models of volcanic outgassing and crust weathering for the stagnant- and mobile-lid convection regimes, which we couple to models of atmospheric chemistry and climate and ocean chemistry to simulate the atmospheric evolution of these worlds in the HZ. In our simulations under the two alternate regimes, we find that the fraction of planets possessing climates consistent with surface liquid water is virtually the same. Despite this unexpected similarity, we predict that a mission capable of detecting atmospheric CO2 abundance above 0.1 bar in 25 terrestrial exoplanets is extremely likely (≥95% of samples) to infer the dominant interior convection regime in that sample with strong evidence (10:1 odds). This offers guidance for the specifications of the Habitable Worlds Observatory NASA concept mission and other future missions capable of probing samples of habitable exoplanets.
Assessing the Dark Matter Content of Two Quasar Host Galaxies at z ∼ 6 through Gas Kinematics
Authors: Fei Qinyue , Silverman John D. , Fujimoto Seiji , Wang Ran , Ho Luis C. , Bischetti Manuela , Carniani Stefano , Ginolfi Michele , Jones Gareth , Maiolino Roberto , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Förster Schreiber N. M. , Espejo Salcedo Juan M. , Lee L. L.
Published: February 2025

We conduct a study of the gas kinematics of two quasar host galaxies at z ≳ 6 traced by the [C ii] emission line using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. By combining deep observations at both low and high resolution, we recover the diffuse emission, resolve its structure, and measure the rotation curves from the inner region of the galaxy to its outskirts using DysmalPy and 3D
Barolo. Assuming that both galaxies exhibit disk rotation driven by the gravitational potential of the galaxy, we find that the best-fit disk models have a V
rot/σ ≈ 2 and inferred circular velocities out to ∼6–8 kpc scales, well beyond the likely stellar distribution. We then determine the mass profiles of each component (stars, gas, dark matter) with priors on the baryon and dark matter properties. We find relatively large dark matter fractions within their effective radii (f
DM(R < R
e) =

0.61

−
0.08

+
0.08

and

0.53

−
0.23

+
0.20

, respectively), which are significantly larger than those extrapolated from lower redshift studies and remain robust under different input parameters verified by Monte Carlo simulations. The large f
DM(R < R
e) corresponds to halo masses of ∼1012.5−1012.8
M
⊙, thus representative of the most massive halos at these redshifts. Notably, while the masses of these supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are approximately 1 dex higher than the low-redshift relationship with stellar mass, the closer alignment of SMBH and halo masses with a local relationship may indicate that the early formation of these SMBHs is linked to their dark matter halos, providing insights into the coevolution of galaxies and black holes in the early Universe.
Unraveling the Kinematic and Morphological Evolution of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Dhanush S. R. , Subramaniam A. , Subramanian S.
Published: February 2025

We model the kinematics of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) by analyzing the proper motions (PMs) from Gaia DR3 of nine different stellar populations, including young main-sequence (MS) stars (<2 Gyr), red giant branch stars, red clump stars, red giants with line-of-sight velocities, and three groups of star clusters. This analysis is carried out using a robust Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, to derive up to seven kinematic parameters. We trace the evolution from a nonrotating flattened elliptical system, as mapped by the old population, to a rotating highly stretched disk structure, as denoted by the young MS stars and clusters (<400 Myr). We estimate that the inclination i (∼58°–82°) decreases and the position angle Θ (∼180°–240°) increases with age. We estimate an asymptotic velocity of ∼49–89 km s−1 with a scale radius of ∼6–9 kpc for the young MS populations, with velocity dispersion of ∼11 km s−1, suggesting a rotation-supported disk structure. Our models estimate a line-of-sight extension of ∼30 kpc, in agreement with observations. We identify four regions of the SMC showing anomalies in the residual PM: the East Anomaly, the Southeast Anomaly (SEA), the South Anomaly, and the West Anomaly. The SEA appears like an infalling feature and is identified for the first time. The tidal imprints observed in the residual PM of the SMC suggest that its evolution is considerably shaped by the recent interaction with the Large Magellanic Cloud.
Deciphering Gas Dynamics and Star Formation in a z = 1.1 Main-sequence Spiral Galaxy with ALMA and JWST
Authors: Liu Zhaoran , Kodama Tadayuki , Morishita Takahiro , Lee Kianhong , Sun Fengwu , Kubo Mariko , Cai Zheng , Wu Yunjing , Li Zihao
Published: February 2025

We present a joint analysis of high-resolution CO(2–1) and Paschen-α (Paα) emission lines to trace gas dynamics and spatially resolved star formation in ASPECS-LP.3 mm.06, a z = 1.1 main-sequence galaxy. Utilizing data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and JWST NIRCam wide field slitless spectroscopy, we explore both ionized gas and molecular gas within this galaxy. With a substantial molecular gas fraction (f
mol = 0.44  ±  0.02), ASPECS-LP.3 mm.06 remains on the star-forming main sequence and adheres to the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation, indicating typical gas-to-star conversion efficiency. Our analysis reveals extended structures across multiple wavelengths, suggesting regulated star formation within a stable disk. The spatially resolved star formation efficiency and kinematic analysis indicate that ASPECS-LP.3mm.06 features a smooth mass assembly process across the bulge and disk. Additionally, the galaxy exhibits modest dust extinction (A

V
= 0.8), potentially linked to self-regulation during bulge formation. These findings position ASPECS-LP.3mm.06 as a prototypical galaxy, offering valuable insights into the mechanisms governing normal disk galaxy growth at z ∼ 1.
Astronomical Seeing Prediction with Machine Learning
Authors: Abárzuza Fernando , Steele Iain A , Jermak Helen , Bento Joao , Copley David , Heffernan David
Published: February 2025

We investigate the use of supervised machine learning models to predict current atmospheric seeing at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos, La Palma. The prediction is made from current, local meteorological conditions as measured by an on-site weather station. The model was trained over a six-month period from 2024 February 8 to 2024 July 3. We found that a simple random forest method provides better prediction than an multilayer perceptron neural network. The most important predictor is the maximum wind speed over a one-minute interval (0.23), followed by air pressure (0.18), wind speed standard deviation (0.17), relative humidity (0.16), air temperature (0.13), wind direction (0.10) and average wind speed (0.06). All other features had importance <0.05.
First report of Trichopoda pictipennis (Diptera, Tachinidae) for the Canary Islands
Authors: Caloca Pablo , Suárez Daniel , Peña Gustavo , Ruiz Carlos
Published: February 2025

The genus Trichopoda Berthold, 1827 is distributed in the Neotropical and Nearctic Regions and some species are very important for biological control. During the last decades, the species Trichopoda pictipennis Bigot, 1876 has received much attention. It is of Neotropical origin, but it has been introduced throughout the western Palaearctic, probably through exchanges that transported its main host, the 'southern green stink bug' Nezara viridula.

Trichopoda pictipennis is reported for the first time from the Canary Islands. To date, this introduced species has been detected throughout the island of Tenerife and in a single locality on the island of La Gomera. This finding confirms that this species of Neotropical origin is expanding its range across the Palaearctic realm of this species of Neotropical origin. Parasitised Nezara viridula were collected and reared under laboratory conditions to document the complete life cycle of T. pictipennis. Its potential effects on its main host, as well as on the Canary fauna, are discussed.
Changes in cortisol secretion and the role of the glucocorticoid receptor in the development of the immune response in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Todorova Malvina , Todorova Katya
Published: February 2025

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific community has directed its attention towards studying the impact of the causative agent, SARS-CoV-2, on the endocrine system. It has been proven that the virus exhibits organotropism towards the cortex of the adrenal glands, causing tissue damage and hormonal dysfunction. The aim of this exposition is to address the question of whether SARS-CoV-2 causes disruptions in the hormonal regulation of glucocorticoid hormones. Based on a thorough review of the current literature, it is suggested that the virus could potentially directly damage the hypothalamus, leading to a disruption in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The decrease in cortisol secretion is a secondary effect. As a result, there is a loss of stress-induced cortisol elevation due to the inflammatory process and an increased risk of adrenal crisis. On the other hand, inflammatory cytokines synthesized during the inflammatory process could stimulate cortisol secretion through an ACTH-independent mechanism. The magnitude of the biological response is influenced by the newly emerged resistance of cortisol receptors, disturbances in intracellular cortisol signaling, and dysregulation between ACTH and cortisol secretion. The detailed study of functional changes in cortisol secretion in response to SARS-CoV-2-associated inflammation provides a new horizon for scientific research following recovery from COVID-19.
Predictive abilities of acculturation for differences in self-rated health among international medical students from Medical University – Sofia
Authors: Simeonova Joana , Velkova Angelika , Georgieva Lidia , Pesheva Peshka , Popova Kristina , Hristov Nikolai , Georgieva Elia , Pravchanska Maria
Published: February 2025

Despite the various theoretical frameworks of acculturation, the mechanisms by which acculturation affects health and well-being remain unclear. This cross-sectional study explores the role of acculturation in self-rated health (SRH) among international medical students. The study was conducted in 2024 at the Medical University – Sofia and included 326 participants. The Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale (SMAS) was employed to assess cultural influences from both the host and home countries, focusing on two dimensions: Ethnic Society Immersion (ESI) and Dominant Society Immersion (DSI). SRH was measured using a five-category Likert scale. Covariates included perceived stress, social support, and health behaviour factors. Logistic binary regression was applied for analysis. The findings revealed that most international medical students rated their health as good (56.4%). Poor health was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with lower ESI (Mdn = 3.4), higher stress levels (Mdn = 22), and a lack (31.9%) or insufficiency (54.2%) of physical activity (PA). ESI emerged as a significant predictor of good health (Exp(B) = 0.403; p = 0.004). The impact of DSI on poor SRH was mediated by PA (Exp(B) = 4.629 and Exp(B) = 2.699, p < 0.05 for both risk groups). The results of this study can be useful in planning health and social services for international students, considering their specific needs.
Quantitative monitoring of multispecies fish environmental DNA using high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Ushio Masayuki , Murakami Hiroaki , Masuda Reiji , Sado Tetsuya , Miya Masaki , Sakurai Sho , Yamanaka Hiroki , Minamoto Toshifumi , Kondoh Michio
Published: February 2025

Effective ecosystem conservation and resource management require quantitative monitoring of biodiversity, including accurate descriptions of species composition and temporal variations of species abundance. Accordingly, quantitative monitoring of biodiversity has been performed for many ecosystems, but it is often time- and effort-consuming and costly. Recent studies have shown that environmental DNA (eDNA), which is released to the environment from macro-organisms living in a habitat, contains information about species identity and abundance. Thus, analysing eDNA would be a promising approach for more efficient biodiversity monitoring. In the present study, internal standard DNAs (i.e. known amounts of short DNA fragments from fish species that have never been observed in a sampling area) were added to eDNA samples, which were collected weekly from a coastal marine ecosystem in Maizuru Bay, Japan (from April 2015 to March 2016) and metabarcoding analysis was performed using Illumina MiSeq to simultaneously identify fish species and quantify fish eDNA copy numbers. A correction equation was obtained for each sample using the relationship between the number of sequence reads and the added amount of the standard DNAs and this equation was used to estimate the copy numbers from the sequence reads of non-standard fish eDNA. The calculated copy numbers showed significant positive correlations with those determined by quantitative PCR, suggesting that eDNA metabarcoding with standard DNA enabled useful quantification of eDNA. Furthermore, for samples that show a high level of PCR inhibition, this method might allow more accurate quantification than qPCR because the correction equations generated using internal standard DNAs would include the effect of PCR inhibition. A single run of Illumina MiSeq produced >70 quantitative fish eDNA time series in this study, showing that this method could contribute to more efficient and quantitative monitoring of biodiversity.
Morphological analysis of regenerated antennae in the isopod Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea), with emphasis on the main sensory structures
Authors: Zidar Primož , Mihelič Primož
Published: February 2025

The second antennae, an important sensory organ of terrestrial isopods, are often attacked and amputated by predators or members of the same species. If an amputation does happen, the antenna usually regenerates after the very first or the next moult that follows. However, the new regenerated antenna is smaller than the original one. This raises the question of whether a smaller regenerated antenna is potentially also less functional as the sensory elements of the antenna undergo regeneration as well. In this study, the regeneration process of the second antenna of Porcellio scaber was followed after two consecutive amputations. The original antennae were compared with the regenerated ones under light and scanning electron microscopes in view of the dimensions of segments and the size and number of sensory elements on them. As expected, all regenerated antennae were reduced in size, however, the reduction of different antennal segments was different. The second segment of the flagellum was reduced by almost half as much as the first segment of the flagellum or the last segment of the peduncle. After the next consecutive amputation, the reduction of the regenerated antennae does not increase further. The size and shape of the apical organ and lateral seta did not change during the regeneration process, neither after the first nor after the next amputation. In contrast, the number of plural receptor elements, such as aesthetascs and tricorn sensilla, decreases in accordance with reduced segment size. Therefore, since only the number of the most common sensory structures is reduced during regeneration, the regenerated antenna probably retains its sensory functionality.
Nadzor migracij na Slovenskem od liberalizma do socializma
Authors: Kalc Aleksej , Cecotti Franco , Milharčič Hladnik Mirjam , Jovanović Igor , Kavrečič Petra , Klemenčič Matjaž , Koderman Miha , Mlekuž Jernej , Mrđenović Milan , Panjek Aleksander , Zobec Miha
Published: February 2025

Are migration and migrant control really just an issue of globalisation and one of the great challenges of our era? Certainly not. Mobile people have always been the subject of special attention, since migratory phenomena are both the result and agent of social and relational dynamics, sources of integration processes and conflicts. For this reason, the attitude towards emigrants and migrants has been relevant throughout history, and has found a place in political-administrative systems and practices. The Slovenian space is particularly interesting from the perspective of migration control, as geopolitical changes and systemic socio-political transitions allow for a privileged observation of ruptures and continuities in the relations between the state and migration. The present volume offers some insights into migration regimes, policies and control practices in the three historical phases that marked migration issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, namely in the era of liberalism until World War I, in the interwar period of strong nationalisms, and in the post-World War II period, when the division between the socialist and capitalist worlds passed through the Slovenian territory.
Las ocupaciones tardiglaciares de la Cova de Les Borres (La Febró, Tarragona)
Authors: Rabuñal José Ramón , Soto María , Morales Juan Ignacio , Lombao Diego , Soares-Remiseiro Miguel Ángel , Fernández-Marchena Juan Luis , Vallverdú Josep
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se presentan los trabajos arqueológicos desarrollados entre 2012 y 2015 en la Cova de Les Borres (La Febró, Tarragona). Los nuevos datos cronoestratigráficos y los materiales arqueológicos analizados derivan de los tres niveles principales identificados hasta el momento, que datan de mediados del GI-1 (Nivel 2), finales del GI-1/inicios del GS-1 (Nivel 1.2) y presumiblemente del GS-1 (Nivel 1.1). La secuencia documentada resulta de gran relevancia para el estudio de las dinámicas de evolución tecnológica y cultural durante el final del Pleistoceno en el NE peninsular, al ser uno de los escasos yacimientos conocidos con ocupaciones sucesivas durante el GI-1 y el GS-1, asociadas al Magdaleniense Superior Final y al Sauveterroide.
Opérculos de Bolma rugosa en la necrópolis del Neolítico Medio de Bòbila Madurell (Barcelona, España)
Authors: Albizuri Silvia , Nadal Jordi , Martín Cólliga Araceli , Riera Santiago , Remolins Zamora Gerard , López-Cachero Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo analiza un conjunto de opérculos de Bolma rugosa hallados en la necrópolis de Bòbila Madurell (Sant Quirze del Vallès, Barcelona) y su potencial papel en los rituales funerarios de la cultura de los Sepulcros de Fosa del Neolítico Medio. Constituyen casos únicos en el Neolítico de Europa por su número y su vinculación con sepulturas. Se han registrado en el interior de siete estructuras, cinco de ellas con restos humanos. Particular interés tiene la tumba MS-62 que presenta cuatro opérculos adheridos a un fragmento cerámico. En dos casos se hallaron en estructuras tipo silo, sin restos humanos, pero de posible uso ritual por su contenido y por estar situadas a escasos metros de enterramientos coetáneos. Estas estructuras con opérculos se datan entre finales del V milenio y la primera mitad del IV milenio a. C. Los restos malacológicos recuperados indican una explotación de los recursos del litoral cercano para el aprovisionamiento de conchas utilizadas básicamente en la preparación de ornamentos y de posibles amuletos.
Los restos malacofaunísticos recuperados indican una explotación de los recursos del litoral situado a pocos kilómetros del yacimiento para el aprovisionamiento de conchas utilizadas básicamente en la preparación de ornamentos y de posibles amuletos.
The Lexicographical and Grammatical Studies by Giovanni Battista Raimondi (Rome ca. 1580–1614)
Authors: Fani Sara , Farina Margherita
Published: February 2025

The scientific activity of the orientalist Giovanni Battista Raimondi is inextricably connected to the editorial projects of the Roman Typographia Medicea, which he directed from 1584 until his death. The present contribution focuses on unpublished grammars, lexica and other didactic materials of Syriac, Arabic, Persian and Turkish that were either produced or projected by Raimondi between the end of the 16th and the first decade of the 17th cent. A great number of grammatical and lexicographical notes, together with drafts and printing proofs are preserved in Florentine libraries as well as at the Vatican Library, witness of Raimondi’s approach in learning as well as teaching and describing Oriental languages. Such documents, with very few exceptions, have not been studied so far; we examine here this material from two different perspectives: the method for learning and self-teaching languages, on the one hand, and the organization and presentation of information in the didactic tools that he published (or prepared for publication) on the other.
Une « lettre ouverte » sur les débuts de la sinologie
Authors: Bussotti Michela
Published: February 2025

En novembre 1815, Julius Klaproth (1783-1835) écrit à Antonio Montucci (1762-1829) pour lui proposer l’achat d’un dictionnaire chinois-latin. L’analyse de cette lettre, qui se trouve aujourd’hui à la Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana (BAV), permet de retracer les activités de l’un et de l’autre. Les faits sont ancrés dans un contexte historique et géographique précis. Klaproth écrit au sujet de ses publications en cours à Paris et de ses rapports avec J.-P. Abel-Rémusat (1788-1832), Montucci est en train d’élargir sa collection qui va ensuite constituer une partie importante des manuscrits chinois de la BAV. Le récit est éclairant à propos du statut des uns et des autres, ainsi que des projets sinologiques en cours et en perspective (dont certains destinés à ne pas aboutir). Il révèle les pratiques d’acquisition des dictionnaires bilingues, « outils » de travail privilégiés et recherchés, et explique les démarches dans la collecte et la transmission de l’information. Pour convaincre Montucci de l’intérêt du dictionnaire en vente, sont jointes à la lettre quelques pages dont le contenu permet de comparer deux dictionnaires compilés environ un siècle plus tôt, et ainsi de réfléchir aux sources chinoises utilisées au moment de leur élaboration par les missionnaires européens en Chine.
Les modalités d’action de la société civile dans un territoire en crise. Le cas de la réalisation d’une unité Covid-19 à Téboulba
Authors: Ben Tekaya Nizar
Published: February 2025

La crise sanitaire due à l’épidémie du Covid-19 fut l’occasion, à Téboulba, ville moyenne du Sahel tunisien, de voir à l’œuvre un partenariat établi entre des acteurs locaux. L’objectif est la construction, puis la mise en service, d’une unité spécialisée de soins des malades atteints du coronavirus. L’article se propose de montrer comment différentes composantes de la société civile locale y participeront. La focale sera mise sur le hiatus existant entre la dynamique locale et les difficultés du ministère de la Santé pour doter l’unité de soins du personnel nécessaire. Notre analyse permet de restituer l’ensemble des ressources que les acteurs sont susceptibles de mobiliser, d’un côté et de l’autre de définir les relations qu’ils établissent entre eux et les rapports de force qui en découlent. Elle révèle en outre les contraintes matérielles, institutionnelles et symboliques, qui conditionnent l’émergence et le développement des initiatives de la société civile.
Les Algériens face à la mort durant la pandémie du Coronavirus
Authors: Hirreche Baghdad Mohamed
Published: February 2025

La pandémie a bouleversé les pratiques funéraires en Algérie, contraignant les familles à s’adapter aux nouvelles conditions imposées par les restrictions sanitaires. Toutefois, certaines familles ont tenté de préserver les traditions, malgré les interdictions sanitaires. En revanche, la diaspora algérienne, confrontée à l’impossibilité de rapatrier les corps des défunts ou d’assister aux funérailles, a vécu un deuil particulièrement difficile. De plus, la faible propagation du virus en Algérie par rapport à d’autres pays a contribué à un relâchement des mesures de protection. En se basant sur l’observation, la comparaison et les entretiens, ce texte apporte quelques éléments d’explication sur le rapport des Algériens avec la mort et le deuil en temps de la crise sanitaire.
Enseigner avec les savoirs autochtones à Wallis-et-Futuna. Questions pédagogiques, éthiques et politiques
Authors: Muni Toke Valelia , Fiahau Akata , Keletaona Nivaleta , Keletolona Kavamoeasi , Suve Pasilia , Toa Sagato
Published: February 2025

Cet article explore les questions pédagogiques, éthiques et politiques posées par la prise en compte des savoirs autochtones à l’école. Si les enseigner ne semble pas relever du rôle de l’école, mais plutôt des communautés elles-mêmes, il semble néanmoins possible de les traiter comme n’importe quel autre objet social et culturel, en produisant sur eux un discours à la fois historique et scientifique. De plus, parce que les communautés qui les détiennent sont par définition en situation de minorité (au sens qualitatif du terme) et de non-souveraineté, ces savoirs autochtones ne peuvent être mobilisés sans une implication forte des acteurs locaux, même si leur reconnaissance institutionnelle et politique est faible par ailleurs. Le travail collectif mené en 2022 dans le cadre d’une formation d’enseignant.e.s nous a permis de proposer des pistes pour l’intégration des langues et savoirs et pratiques autochtones au premier degré. Nous mobilisons la perspective comparative pour son efficacité heuristique, et cherchons à développer un regard distancié et analytique sur les savoirs autochtones. L’objectif reste ainsi strictement scolaire de la construction chez l’élève d’un esprit critique et d’une culture générale solide – construction qui n’a pas à faire table rase de l’environnement dans lequel il/elle grandit et dont il/elle est partie intégrante.
Témoignage : Différentes utilisations de l’art tembé dans le champ des mathématiques scolaires
Authors: Kago Amiélie
Published: February 2025

Cette rapide présentation d’activités scolaires corrélées à l’art tembé donne une idée de son potentiel pédagogique. Outre l’intérêt d’entrer dans des notions académiques pouvant dialoguer facilement avec l’univers graphique des élèves, l’utilisation du tembé dans l’espace scolaire contribue à les valoriser et agit puissamment sur l’estime d’eux-mêmes et sur leur motivation : Elle permet aussi de créer du lien avec les parents et la communauté. L’art tembé est d’ailleurs aujourd’hui très présent sur l’ensemble du territoire guyanais, servi par des artistes dont la réputation s’est aujourd’hui exportée au-delà des frontières guyanaises ou surinamaises.
Petit état des lieux de la prise en compte des langues et cultures des élèves à l’école en Outre-mer
Authors: Alby Sophie , Anciaux Frédéric , Dureysseix Fanny , Léglise Isabelle , Maturafi Lavie , Toke Valelia Muni , Souprayen-Cavery Logambal , Vernaudon Jacques , Wadrawane Wayuoné Eddie
Published: February 2025

Cet article, en combinant les contributions de neuf collègues, offre un panorama de l’état de la prise en compte des langues et cultures des élèves à l’école dans dix territoires ultramarins. Chaque section présente la situation sociolinguistique d’un territoire en rapport avec le contexte scolaire en mentionnant les travaux scientifiques déjà réalisés voire les manques dans ce domaine. Elle détaille ensuite les dispositifs existants ayant été développés ces dernières décennies et tentent d’identifier le nombre d’élèves concernés par ces dispositifs. Chaque section présente enfin les formations de formateurs et les initiatives innovantes ayant été mises en place dernièrement et rappelle les diagnostics réalisés sur chacun des territoires. Cela permet d’avoir une image précise des enjeux particuliers que rencontre chacun des territoires, mais aussi des constats plus généraux qu’on peut tirer sur l’échec scolaire dans les Outre-mer et sur le lien potentiel entre cet échec scolaire et la non-prise en compte des langues locales.
The many notions of “Baltic” space. Historical and political imaginaries of North-Eastern Europe, 19th-21st centuries
Authors: Hackmann Jörg
Published: February 2025

Le concezioni dello spazio baltico sono numerose, in parte si sovrappongono, in parte si contraddicono e inoltre mutano nel corso del tempo. Queste nozioni spaziali non dipendono solo dalla geografia fisica e quindi non creano unità naturali o indiscutibili, ma si basano prima di tutto su immaginari politici, sociali e culturali, spesso transnazionali, che dipendono da prospettive temporali, nazionali e regionali. L’articolo si concentra sulle principali traiettorie dei concetti scientifici e politici legati allo spazio baltico a partire dal XIX secolo. Questa storia transnazionale delle idee rivela la natura mareale dei termini che descrivono lo spazio baltico. Inoltre, l’Europa nord-orientale viene discussa in quanto nozione epistemologica che affronta la questione intrinseca dell’unità nella diversità.
The Technological Leap in Drug Discovery With Cutting-Edge Solutions
Authors: Lavanya C. , Niranjan Vidya , Kanagarajan Deepthika
Published: February 2025

Drug discovery is a complex and multifaceted process involving the identification and development of new candidate medications. Traditionally, drugs were often discovered through the active ingredients in traditional remedies or by chance. Modern drug discovery, however, employs systematic and interdisciplinary approaches, incorporating advances in biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and computational sciences. This process is vital for developing new therapies to treat diseases, improve patient outcomes, and enhance the quality of life. It includes stages such as target identification and validation, hit optimization, preclinical testing, clinical trials, and regulatory approval. Each stage demands meticulous planning, execution, and analysis to ensure the drug's safety, efficacy, and market viability. Computational tools have revolutionized drug discovery by significantly improving efficiency, speed, and cost-effectiveness.
Trends of Pharmacophore Modelling in Drug Discovery
Authors: Georrge John J. , Mishra Saurav Kumar , Chhetri Tabsum , Roy Sneha , Gurung Kusum
Published: February 2025

A molecule's biological functions can be influenced by a pharmacophore, a molecular model comprised of structural characteristics critical for molecular recognition. The purpose of these models is to simplify the conceptualisation of protein-ligand activity. Additionally, it specifies the geometric configuration of atoms necessary for forming a particular biological function. Furthermore, it is employed to discern the required novel molecules for specific interactions. With the current advancement in the drug detection procedure, the pharmacophore emerged as an accurate method for identifying potential inhibitors. As advancements are occurring rapidly in the technique of conception and creation, it is essential to understand the concepts and application of pharmacophore modelling for better outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to briefly discuss pharmacophore modelling, its type and its applications through the case study.
Quality Assurance, a “Tricky Theme”
Authors: Matsuzaka Akinori
Published: February 2025

With the global expansion of higher education, quality and quality assurance (QA) have become important topics in every country. However, despite their extensive spread, the terms ‘quality' and ‘QA' are not used in the same way and sometimes lack clear definitions. Potentially, these terms can also function merely as symbols or fashion trends, with such fads winning out over substance. In this sense, ‘quality' and ‘QA' seems ‘tricky', posing problems that cannot be solved easily. This chapter elaborates on a problematic theme of QA on the basis of its structures and practices in Japan. In particular, it sheds light on 20 years of experience with Certified Evaluation and Accreditation (CE&A), which is an external quality assurance scheme, arguing the history, changes as well as issues for future development. The arguments also cover the roll and practices of the Japan University Accreditation Association (JUAA), one of CE&A agencies in Japan.
Best Practices for Institutions in Conducting Self-Assessment for Accreditation
Authors: Chasokela Doris , Manokore Kudakwashe
Published: February 2025

This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of the best practices for institutions undergoing self-assessment for accreditation. It outlines a step-by-step process that institutions can follow to effectively evaluate their programs, policies, and procedures against the standards set by accreditation agencies. The chapter highlights the importance of establishing a dedicated accreditation team, gathering and analyzing data, developing action plans for areas of improvement, and engaging in ongoing self-reflection and continuous improvement. The chapter also offers guidance on how to navigate the often complex and challenging process of accreditation, including tips for successfully addressing areas of concern and communicating with accreditation agencies.
Are Criticisms of Higher Education Quality Rankings Justified?
Authors: Chopra Ashok , Chopra Anita Rani
Published: February 2025

Higher education quality rankings have become increasingly influential in shaping the perceptions of institutions globally. Universities vie for higher placements as these rankings often affect student enrollment, faculty recruitment, and funding opportunities. However, the validity and fairness of these rankings have been subjects of intense debate. Critics argue that these rankings are flawed, biased, and fail to capture the true quality of education. This chapter will explore whether these criticisms are justified by examining the methodologies, biases, and impacts of higher education quality rankings. From cultural and contextual bias, many believe global rankings in HEIs favor institutions in developed countries with substantial resources, well-established research infrastructures, and English-language dominance. This can marginalize institutions in developing countries or those focusing on teaching and community engagement rather than research
Promoting Internal Quality Assurance in the Universities of Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Sohail , Rizvi Meher
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the need, role, and challenges of promoting internal quality assurance (IQA) through institutional quality units, specifically Quality Enhancement Cells (QECs), in Pakistani universities. Using an exploratory case study design, data were collected from 17 participants through interviews and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data. The findings highlight the importance of IQA for the effective implementation of external quality assurance (QA). The QECs were found to contribute to IQA by raising awareness among faculty, staff, and students regarding quality aspects of their work. However, the QECs' role appears to be primarily procedural, with limited impact observed on the enhancement of teaching and learning quality. This is attributed to challenges such as the QECs lack of autonomy, staff shortages, limited stakeholder engagement and ineffective technological integration. This study adds to the existing literature by providing insights into Pakistan's progress towards institutionalising IQA and has multifarious implications
Educational Policy of Quality Indicators in Higher Education in Distance Modality
Authors: Baxto Welinton , Machado Andreia De Bem
Published: February 2025

Considering the National Education Plan 2014-2024, the use of Distance Education (EaD) tends to expand and democratize access to higher education in Brazil. The assessment of the quality of the distance-learning offer is moderated by the SINAES Law nº 10,861/2004. The problem of this chapter is to identify, what is the educational policy regarding quality indicators in higher education, in this type of teaching? The objective of the research was to position the educational policy of quality indicators in higher education, in distance learning, in the methodological light of bibliometric review, in the Web of science database. The analyzes raise different views on the quality indicators of higher education in distance learning. The results point to the need for improvement of indicators by the academic community and educational policy makers. It is concluded that, in addition to expanding higher education, transforming quality access into a fair and economically viable social perspective for those citizens.
Evaluating the Nursing of Older People
Authors: Reis da Silva Tiago Manuel Horta
Published: February 2025

The field of nursing for older people is increasingly recognised as a critical component of healthcare, particularly given the global ageing population. Academic accreditation and quality assurance in higher education for nursing programs focused on older adults play a pivotal role in ensuring that graduates are equipped with the skills, knowledge, and competencies necessary to provide high-quality care. This chapter explores the processes of academic accreditation and evaluation in nursing programs for older adults. It examines the specific challenges and standards in ensuring that these programs meet national and international educational excellence benchmarks. The chapter provides a comprehensive evaluation of quality assurance mechanisms by analysing existing accreditation frameworks and highlighting best practices in curriculum development, faculty qualifications, clinical placements, and assessments reflects on the role of interdisciplinary integration, and alignment with particularly the Sustainable Development Goals, in fostering excellence in the nursing of older adults.
Deep Insights and Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction
Authors: Krishnamoorthy N. , Vinoth Kumar V. , Mishra Sonali
Published: February 2025

The chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the most prominent causes of death and suffering in the 21st century. Lot of research initiatives are taken in recent years to find the CKD in early stage. Research on renal disease prediction is crucial since it attempts to create reliable and accurate techniques for determining who is most likely to get kidney disease. Early detection of kidney disease can help prevent or delay the progression of the disease and improve patient outcomes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 8% to 16% of the global population, although both patients and medical professionals usually ignore it. A machine learning algorithms are used in this instance to predict whether or not the subject will experience chronic kidney disease. The training dataset, which is being used contains numerous variables, including specific gravity, sugar, albumin, bacteria, red blood cells, pus cells, and many others, affect chronic kidney disease.
Transforming Global Healthcare
Authors: Chaudhuri Rajrupa Ray
Published: February 2025

The global healthcare environment is poised for a revolution because to the convergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). This article investigates how these technologies can improve healthcare delivery efficiency, enable tailored treatment regimens, and improve diagnostic accuracy. A summary of the development of healthcare technology across time is provided, emphasizing the significant advancements in AI and IoMT. Through case studies, the application of generative AI to drug development, customized medicine, and predictive analytics is explored; the influence of IoMT on telemedicine, remote patient monitoring, and real-time data analytics is also covered. The amalgamation of Generative AI with IoMT holds potential to elevate clinical results, augment operational efficacy, and augment healthcare accessible, specifically in marginalized areas. However, there are drawbacks such as socioeconomic inequality, privacy and problems with data quality. Strong cybersecurity defenses, data governance are needed in future development.