bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV Prevention among Young People in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda, Cameroon, EN Njemkerk , M Samje ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon, MBS Atanga ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of Bamenda, Cameroon
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The commitment to getting to epidemic control by 2030, places the prevention of Human Immune Virus at the center of the response. With the disease affecting young people disproportionately, reducing HIV infections among this group is vital. This paper seeks to review data on the different types of interventions used in the prevention of HIV amongst young people in Sub-Saharan Africa. Method: Data search was done by reviewing journals through PubMed and Google scholar. Findings: Reviews found that school based approach improved on knowledge, attitude and reduced risky sexual behaviors among young people. Adolescent-responsive strategy was seen to be effective, sustainable and scalable. The percentage of condom use increased from 32% to 45% for females (p<.05) and from 44% to 61% for males (p<.01) with regular partners among Cameroonian youths. Condom use among sexually active students decreased from 61% in 2009 to 54% in 2019.HIV testing had low rates among young people. Oral PrEP demonstrated over 90% risk reduction of HIV. Circumcised men had a 60% HIV protection effect and cash transfers reduced HIV risk significantly among adolescent girls and young women with positive behavioral outcomes. Conclusion: HIV prevention approaches when integrated can achieve maximum effectiveness, but it’s important for these interventions to be tailored towards meeting the needs of young people. Knowing that they have unique developmental needs and challenges, prevention programs should be contextualized depending on the geographical location and environment to meet specific needs.
Development of Physiotherapist-Led Diagnostic Lung Ultrasound in Hong Kong
Authors:   School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, TCM Choi
Published: April 2024

In the past 10-15 years, major developments in critical care physiotherapy have been witnessed in Hong Kong (HK), such as the provision of early mobilization and ventilator hyperinflation to the critically ill in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) with the aims of avoiding ICU-acquired weakness, weaning the patients off ventilators and shortening the patients’ hospitalization time. In respect of the development of early mobilization in ICU, protocols have been established. The benefits brought to patients by these protocols are well recognized and appreciated by medical practitioners in many local ICUs. Relevant resources have been increasingly allocated to this area. Equipment, staff training and manpower are improved.
Stretching Boundaries: Unraveling Teachers’ Challenges and Strategies in Cultivating Self-Compassion
Authors:   Faculty of Graduate Studies, Oranim Academic College, Kiryat Tiv’on 36006, Israel, Awwad-Tabry Sawsan
Published: April 2024

Background: Teaching is inherently a highly stressful profession, which can significantly affect teachers’ well-being. Although self-compassion research has predominantly centered on mental health in the medical professions, there is a notable gap in empirical knowledge concerning self-compassion within the educational field. Considering the limited qualitative research available on teachers’ perceptions of self-compassion, this study represents a pioneering endeavor. Methods: This study employed a qualitative-phenomenological methodology and included 34 teachers from Israel. Semi-structured interviews provided an in-depth exploration of self-compassion, revealing participants’ experiences, challenges, and coping strategies. Results: Three pivotal themes were uncovered. “Bridging the Compassion Gap: From Others to Self” reflects teachers’ challenges in extending compassion to themselves. “Challenging Complacency: Silent Reflection and Self-Prioritization” illustrates self-compassion practices involving reflection, self-prioritization, and mindfulness. “Resilience Buffers: Positivity, Patience, and Acceptance” captures the role of self-compassion in managing stress, fostering positivity, and enhancing resilience. Conclusion: This study highlights the complex nature of selfcompassion among teachers, addressing challenges such as the novel concept of “compassion dissonance” and promoting reflective resilience. To support teachers, tailored interventions should bridge the gap between self-compassion for oneself and others. Incorporating self-compassion practices into teacher education and fostering supportive school environments are crucial steps forward.
Crimson Concussa - Initial Treatment of The Polytraumatized Patient in Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors:   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Milenkovic Marija , Grošelj Lan Boštjan , Hadzibegovic Adi ,   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Rovic Ivan ,   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Šijan Djuro ,   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Stanisavljevi Jovana ,   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Mirosavljevic Sofija ,   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Karadžic Aleksandra ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Vidosavljevic Milena ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Petrovic Ksenija ,   University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: April 2024

This comprehensive article, titled ‘Crimson Concussa’, delves into the complexities of hemorrhagic shock in the context of polytrauma. It offers an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiological processes, diagnostic challenges, and treatment modalities associated with this critical condition. Emphasizing the importance of the ‘golden hour’ and the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocol, the paper underscores the necessity of a swift, systematic approach and a multidisciplinary team in managing polytraumatized patients. The review explores the nuances of initial treatment strategies, including airway management, breathing and ventilation assessment, circulatory function, and hemorrhage control. Additionally, it addresses the intricate details of pathophysiology, etiology, clinical stages, and treatment options, including fluid therapy, blood transfusions, and coagulopathy management. The article aims to enhance understanding and provide insights into the latest advancements in trauma care, highlighting the importance of ongoing research for improving therapeutic approaches and patient outcomes in the realm of emergency medicine.
Population based cancer registry-trends of cancer in Bengaluru rural district
Authors: TS Ranganath , Ramakrishna Reddy N , HS Tejaswi , SG Kishore , Dsouza Neha
Published: April 2024

Background Cancer Registration System at KMIO has been in existence since the inception of this Institute in June 1973. However the Indian Council of Medical Research has included the Hospital Based Cancer Registry and Population Based Cancer Registry in its net work programme of the National Cancer Registry Programme from the year 1984 and 1982 respectively. Since then these Registries are sending data in the pre-devised format on all cancer patients to the Technical wing of the NCRP. The Hospital Based Cancer Registry of KMIO has been the main source of registration for the Population Based Cancer Registry. These registries provide data on incidence distribution of various cancers to help formulate policies required. Objectives To assess the magnitude incidence and type of various cancers in Bengaluru rural district.Methodology Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area. Data was collected from completed performae and entered into computer as per the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology and International Classification of Diseases. The data was then analysed using SPSS version 20.0.Results A total of 50 villages were surveyed and 36 histologically proven cases were found out of which 16 were male and 20 were female. A total number of 51346 cases including DCOs have been registered in population cancer registry as incident cases during from 2007-2011with 15983 males and 35363 females. Compared to the cases registered during the year of commencement of the registry in 1982 the number of cancer cases in Bengaluru showed an increasing overall 260 change was observed in 2011. During the year 2012 a total number of 17664 new cases were registered out of which 9432 51.0 cases were confirmed as cancer cases with the male female ratio of 11.2. District wise distribution of cases showed that majority of patients were from Bengaluru District 21.4 where KMIO is located.We found that the Peak age Group at diagnosis was 60-64 years in males and 45-49 years for females. Leading site for cancer in males was oral cavity and in females it was cervix. In children the most common was leukaemia.Conclusion Population based cancer registry is an asset and well-maintained register is required to assess magnitude incidence and type of various cancers in Bengaluru.
Dietary habits and physical activity levels amongst school going children and their parents in Bengaluru city: Resultsfrom a descriptive study in South India
Authors: Koya Srinidhi , R Deepa , K R Nandini , R Babu Giridhara
Published: April 2024

BackgroundnbspIndia has the second-highest proportion of obese children in the world. Various studies have shown that lifestyle modifications can reduce the risk of developing obesity. Intending to develop an effective intervention we conducted a pilot study to assess the health behaviours like diet physical activity andmindfulness amongst school children and parents. We assessed the receptivity of children and parents towards a potential school-based intervention as well.MethodologynbspAdolescent children studying in Urban Bengaluru India and their parents were approached for taking part in this crosssectional study. Only students and parents who voluntarily participated and provided informed assent and consent were considered for the study. Data were collected in March and April 2019 by trained data collectors and research assistants. Students and parents were administered questionnaires by the research team. Descriptive analysis was done using the statistical software R Commander.ResultsnbspOver 25-33 of the students did not consumeany fruits or vegetables the previous day but at least 30 of them had fried food and sweets at least once. Similarly only a third of the students had moderate levels of physical activity daily. Half of the students had CAMM Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure scores higher than the median value. With a Cronbachrsquos alpha value of 0.778 we were able to validate the CAMM questionnaire in Kannada. More than 50 of the children and parents were interested in taking part in an interventional study.ConclusionnbspThe participants in our study had poor dietary intake and low physical activity levels. Obesity prevention interventions developed for the adolescent age group would have to focus on improving their dietary habits and physical activity levels.nbsp
Implementation of Information, Education andCommunication (IEC) activities of Integrated Housing AndSlum Development program (IHSDP) under JawaharlalNehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM) toaddress social determinants of health for sustainabledevelopment of underprivileged in Karnataka, India.
Authors: S Saraswati , L Hamsa , . Shobha , Thangaraj Selvi , T S Ranganth
Published: April 2024

Background Urbanization is an index of transformation from traditional rural to modern urban economies. Even though cities and towns have a vital role in socio-economic changes in any country most of them are severely stressed in terms of infrastructure and service availability. The Government of India GOI has launched JnNURM to encourage cities to initiate steps to bring financially sustainable improvement in the existing service. IHSDP a component of JnNURM aims for holistic under privileged area development with a healthy and enabling urban environment by providing adequate shelter and basic infrastructure facilities.Objective To improve the quality of life of slum residents to increase the standard of Health Education and Community life in the slums to provide sustainable improvements in standards of living social status health and education to provide skill up-gradation increase earning potential of people living in slums and to take up health promotional programmes such as maternal and child health MCH family welfare FW and nutritional programmes.Methodology The activities were implemented in 7 slum settlements comprising a total of 707 houses distributed over four areas with 2451 beneficiaries. The survey tool was a semi structured questionnaire prepared to get the general information of the household as well as the details of individuals in each household. In each house a responsible adult member was identified and briefed about the SE survey before taking their verbal consent for the interview.Results At the successful completion of this project our impression was that for the most part the beneficiaries were satisfied with the houses and basic amenities provided by the government. The problems identified were poverty open air defecation practices indiscriminate solid waste management and lack of male participation. We found that in 256 36.21 out of 707 households all the family members were in the habit of open defecation in spite of having sanitary latrines. We sensed a lack of community ownership among the individuals hindering the government efforts.Conclusion Hence the success of such novel projects depends on the implementing agency which is committed competent in community diagnosis creativity and innovation. There should be adequate time for the project to change the behavior of the community towards the social responsibility which helps in self reliant sustainable development.nbsp
Marching towards Swacch Bharath
Authors: Renuka Prithviraj Dr
Published: April 2024

None
Predictable Forecast Errors in Full-Information Rational Expectations Models with Regime Shifts
Authors: Hajdini Ina , Kurmann André
Published: April 2024

This paper shows that regime shifts in Full-Information Rational Expectations (FIRE) models generate predictable regime-dependent forecast errors in macro aggregates. Hence, forecast error predictability alone is neither sufficient to reject FIRE nor informative about alternative expectations theories. We instead propose a regime-robust test of FIRE and apply it to a medium-scale New Keynesian model with monetary policy regime shifts that is estimated on US data. While the test fails to decisively reject FIRE, the model conditional on macro data implies expectations that are generally different from observed survey forecasts, thus providing a new empirical motivation for alternative expectations theories.
EFFECT OF THE DRUG RONCOLEUKIN ON MORPHOMETRIC AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF ARCTIC CHAR NEUTROPHILS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, PRONINA G.I.
Published: April 2024

Cultivated hydrobionts under intensive aquaculture conditions are exposed to stress factors associated with artificial habitats, increased planting density, periodic fishing, etc. At the same time, they experience a decrease in resistance and resilience and an increase in morbidity. A good solution to this problem is the use of immunomodulators. This article presents the results of a study of the effect on fish of the immunomodulator Roncoleukin, which is a dosage form of recombinant human interleukin-2 (IL-2) isolated and purified from yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The subject of the study was the three-year-old Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). The evaluation was based on morphometric, hematological (erythro- and leukogram) and cytochemical (lysosomal cation test) indicators. The coefficient of variation of the size and weight parameters of the treated fish was low compared to the con- trol group. This indicates uniform growth of fish fed Roncoleukin, which is a great advantage in fish farming and provides more efficient use of feed. Blood for analysis was taken from the tail vein of the fish in vivo. The results showed a positive effect of the drug on the activation of erythropoiesis and leukopoiesis. There was a significant increase in the proportion of mature segmented neutrophils (the main blood microphages belonging to the non-specific link of cellular immunity) in the leukocyte formula due to a decrease in lymphocytes (specific immunity). An increase in the content of nonenzymatic lysosomal cationic proteins (defensins) in blood neutrophils can indicate a high level of cellular protection of microphages (neutrophils). The results of the study showed a positive effect of the drug Roncoleukin, which can be recommended for use in the ferming of Arctic char.
Early “Red Flags” in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Malinovskiy V. A. , Fedosenko S. V. , Semakin A. V. , Dirks I. I. , Arzhanik M. B. , Semenova O. L. , Starovoitova E. A. , Vinokurova D. A. , Agaeva S. A. , Boldyshevskaya M. A. , Selikhova E. M. , Korepanov V. A. , Khalyavin S. A. , Nesterovich S. V. , Zima A. P. , Fedotova M. M. , Chernyavskaya G. M.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. Among the studies during the COVID-19 pandemic, a special role is played by studies examining the prognostic value of clinical, laboratory and instrumental markers in patients. Biomarkers with absolute sensitivity and specificity for predicting the outcome of a new coronavirus infection have not been identified yet.

Aim: To identify early clinical and laboratory predictors of severity and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate the effectiveness of the pharmacotherapy in outpatient and early hospital settings.

Methodology and research methods. A retrospective, comparative study was carried out. Medical data from 745 adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized in the respiratory hospital of the Siberian State Medical University (Tomsk) from 05/16/2020 to 09/30/2020 were included. The main group consists of patients who were discharged from the hospital. The comparison group included patients with a fatal outcome of the disease.

Results. The group of deceased patients was characterized by older age and a greater number of comorbid diseases (р < 0.0001), the presence of pneumonia during the year preceding COVID-19 (р < 0.0001) and risk factors for the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (р < 0.005). Early admission to the hospital (р = 0.0110), severe dyspnea (р < 0.0001) with a decrease in oxygen saturation below reference values (р < 0.0001) are also associated with the risk of a fatal outcome. Anosmia was significantly more common in the group of surviving patients.

The number of platelets, the absolute number of lymphocytes, amounts of total protein, albumin (р < 0.0001), sodium (р = 0.0013) in the first 48 hours of hospitalization in the main group were significantly higher. The number of leukocytes (p = 0.0078), neutrophils (p < 0.0001), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.0001), concentrations of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly lower in the main group. Serum procalcitonin levels > 0.5 ng/ml were 5 times higher in deceased patients during early period of hospitalization.

Conclusion. Clinical, anamnestic and laboratory factors were identified through this study. These factors may be useful in the early period of hospitalization for accurate assessment of risks of severe ill, effective disease management and reduction of mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Ultrasound indicators of blood flow in the eyes and orbits at different durations of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Fomina S. V. , Zavadovskaya V. D. , Samoylova Iu. G. , Koshmeleva M. V. , Kachanov D. A. , Trifonova E. I. , Zorkaltsev M. A. , Yun V. E.
Published: April 2024

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus with high social significance, especially in childhood and adolescence.

Aim: To evaluate ultrasound indicators of retrobulbar blood flow at different durations of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence.

Material and Methods. Ultrasound examinations were performed in 70 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged from 5 to 18 years, with disease duration of up to 5 years, from 5 to 10 years, and more than 10 years. The analysis included an assessment of the linear velocity of blood flow and the index of peripheral resistance in the ophthalmic arteries, central arteries and retinal veins, posterior short ciliary arteries, and ophthalmic veins at different times of the duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Results. The study revealed a decrease in blood flow velocity in the central retinal arteries, in the posterior short ciliary arteries with an increase in the duration of type1 diabetes mellitus. The greatest decrease in blood flow velocity was recorded in the group with duration of diabetes mellitus of more than 10 years.

Conclusion. The obtained data on a decrease in blood flow velocity in the retrobulbar arteries can be used for the assessment and dynamic monitoring of early disorders of the blood supply to the eye and orbit in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence.
Polymorphic locus rs8023580 NR2F2-AS1 is associated with breast cancer risk in residents of Central Russia
Authors: Pasenov K. N. , Ponomarenko I. V. , Churnosov M. I.
Published: April 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common hormone-dependent genetically determined cancer among women. The level of “active” sex hormones in the body, the connection of which with breast cancer is beyond doubt, is determined by the content of the protein transporting sex hormones (SHBG).

Aim: To study associations of polymorphic loci linked with the level of SHBG at the full-genomic level of significance with the risk of developing breast cancer.

Material and Methods. The work was carried out on a sample of 1,498 women, 358 of whom were BC patients, the control was 1140 individuals. Genotyping of four single nucleotide polymorphic loci (SNP) associated with the level of SHBG was performed according to previously performed genome-wide studies (GWAS): rs7910927 JMJD1C, rs4149056 SLCO1B1, rs8023580 NR2F2-AS1, rs12150660 SHBG. The method of logistic regression was used to search for associations.

Results and Discussion. SNP rs8023580 of the NR2F2-AS1 gene is associated with the risk of BC developing. The presence of the CC genotype rs8023580 NR2F2-AS1in a woman has a protective value in the formation of the disease (CCvsTC+TT [recessive model]; OR = 0.58; 95%CI = 0.35–0.96; p = 0.033; pperm = 0.042). SNP rs8023580 NR2F2-AS1 is functionally significant in the liver: it is localized in the enhancer region, affects the level of methylation of the cg01739960 (hg38) genome region, affects the expression of the RP11-327J17.2 gene, determines the interaction of DNA with six transcription factors (Fo xd1,Foxl1,Foxq1,Mef2,PLZF,STAT), which are located in the cis-regulatory region of RNA polymerase II, specific for the DNA binding sequence, and determine the activity of DNA-binding transcription factors specific for RNA polymerase II, are involved in the processes of cellular differentiation and tissue development.

Conclusion. The SHBG-enhancing CC genotype rs8023580 of the NR2F2-AS1 gene is a protective factor in the development of BC.
Numerical model of aneurysm formation in vascular grafts
Authors: Klyshnikov K. Yu. , Ovcharenko E. A. , Glushkova T. V. , Onishchenko P. S. , Rezvova M. A. , Kostyunin A. E. , Akentieva T. N. , Sogoyan N. K. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: April 2024

Background. Using numerical modeling to study biomechanics of implantable devices for cardiovascular healthcare can help specialists understand underlying mechanisms of clinical complications caused by these devices.

Aim: To describe the results of numerical modeling of aneurysm formation in vascular grafts based on the simulation of degradation of their mechanical properties.

Material and Methods. The simulation was carried out using a three-dimensional computer model obtained by high-resolution computed tomography of the vascular graft “KemAngioProtez” (CJSC “NeoKor”, Russia). Using the 3D model obtained with a specialized script in the Abaqus/CAE environment (Dassault systems, USA), we have simulated the decrease in the elastic modulus (from 100 to 10%) with post-threshold stresses in the material and the accumulation of plastic strain.

Results. Undergoing 150 loading cycles, the vascular wall in the model swelled up to 0.7 mm in the radial direction, and its mechanical properties degraded significantly (by 90% compared to baseline) due to prolonged pressure exposure. The value of maximum plastic deformation was 0.55%.

Conclusion. Numerical modeling of graft mechanical properties degradation can assist in qualitative and quantitative assessment of the areas of aneurysm formation. The method makes it possible to visualize the swelling areas and can be used as a valuable tool to complement the existing approaches to studying vascular grafts, and biografts in particular.
Study of the biocompatibility of porous 3D-TiNi implants in vivo
Authors: Marchenko E. S. , Gordienko I. I. , Kozulin A. A. , Baigonakova G. A. , Borisov S. A. , Garin A. S. , Cherny S. P. , Choinzonov E. L. , Kulbakin D. E.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Porous TiNi alloys are widely used in medicine as osteoreplacement implants due to their unique properties of superelasticity and biocompatibility, but their clinical use is severely limited by time-consuming manual fabrication and the inability to create precise geometries. Reconstructive surgery for the replacement of bone defects requires biocompatible endoprostheses of individual shape and complex geometry. The use of porous 3D-TiNi implants can be a solution to many problems in traumatology and bone oncology.

Aim: To evaluate the possibility of using porous 3D-TiNi implants in osteoplastic surgery based on a study of the structure and biocompatibility of the material under in vivo conditions.

Material and Methods. Porous samples in the form of cones and a single implant for maxillofacial surgery were prepared from TiNi powder by selective laser melting. To print an individual implant for maxillofacial surgery, the personal data of the patient at the Oncology Research Institute were used. The macrostructure, elemental and phase composition of porous titanium nickelide samples were investigated using scanning microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The biocompatibility of porous cone-shaped samples was evaluated in vivo using guinea pigs whose condition was analysed by CT scanning.

Results. Structural studies of porous titanium nickelide samples showed that selective laser melting can be used to obtain a continuous porous structure with strong contact bridges between particles of a three-phase powder. In vivo testing of the cone-shaped implants showed no local inflammatory changes, rejection or deformation of the hind limb axes of the experimental animals. The basic feasibility of fabricating a custom implant of complex geometry from TiNi powder using selective laser melting according to a patient’s MSCT data was demonstrated.

Conclusions. Porous 3D-TiNi implants obtained by selective laser melting showed high biocompatibility under in vivo conditions. An experimental study confirmed the efficacy and ease of use of 3D TiNi implants, their excellent self-fixation in bone tissue, and bone tissue augmentation at the interface with the implant. The macrostructure, chemical and phase composition of the implant material was found to be close to traditional porous TiNi alloys. It was shown that the method of selective laser melting makes it possible to create complex geometric defects in bone tissue from TiNi.
Recurrent pulmonary embolism and non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction: current problems of diagnosis and treatment (clinical case)
Authors: Poponina T. M. , Poponina Yu. S. , Ryabov V. V.
Published: April 2024

A clinical case of a patient with recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE) and non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is presented. Underestimation of the history data, the clinical course of non-massive pulmonary embolism under the mask of syncope, eventually led to the development of massive pulmonary embolism and clinical death of the patient. The article discusses non-massive PE masks, principles of treatment and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in a patient with acute NSTEMI.
Nosocomial infections: a look at the problem in the context of the global threat of antibiotic resistance (review)
Authors: Perfileva D. Yu. , Miroshnichenko A. G. , Kulikov E. S. , Boykov V. A. , Nesterovich S. V. , Perfilev V. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to public health. The problem of nosocomial infections is inextricably linked with antibiotic resistance. Nosocomial infections in most cases are caused by the formation and spread of hospital strains that are resistant to antibacterial drugs. Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms increase healthcare costs, lengthen hospital stays, and lead to extremely poor patient outcomes. The article systematizes data on the prevalence of nosocomial infections and examines the problem of antibiotic resistance of leading nosocomial pathogens. Approaches to monitoring and management of antibiotic resistance and epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial infections are analyzed. A promising area of research in public health is considered – osocomial infections associated with previous hospitalization.
Clinical and psychological associations and coping strategies for personality type D and depression in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Sumin A. N. , Shcheglova A. V. , Anchkova M. I. , Fedorova D. N. , Shabalina K. A.
Published: April 2024

The comorbidity of manifestations of psychological distress and cardiovascular diseases is complex. The degree of impact of psychological stress on the patient depends on the possibilities of the adaptive potential of the individual in the environment.

Aim: To study the cognitive assessment of stress, coping strategies and clinical and psychological associations in personality type D and depression in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and Methods. The study included 112 CAD patients. The DS-14 questionnaire was used to determine personality type D.To determine the level of depression the hospital scale HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). To assess coping strategies, the questionnaires “Methods of Coping Behavior” and “Indicator of Stress Coping Strategies” were used. Difficult life situation (DLS) assessment was determined using the “Cognitive Assessment of DLS” methodology. The questionnaire “Types of Orientations in Difficult Situations” was used to study orientations in DLS.

Results. Patients were divided into groups based on manifestations of psychological distress: with type D (n = 40), without type D (n = 72); with depression (n = 48) without depression (n = 82). In type D, there was a more frequent assessment of the situation as out of control (12.0 ± 4.6 points versus 11.0 ± 4.6 points, p = 0.049) and orientation towards losses in difficult situations (17.0 ± 4.1 points 15.5 ± 5.1, points, p = 0.016). In depression, less pronounced desire for difficulties (19.0 ± 5.0 points versus 23.0 ± 5.9 points, p = 0.006), orientation towards opportunities (15.5 ± 3.2 points versus 18.0 ± 3.5 points, p < 0.001). In type D, the strategies “Escape-avoidance” (p = 0.05) and “Self-control” (p = 0.04) were used more often. In depression, the strategies “Problem resolution” (p = 0.02), “Search for social support” (p < 0.001) and “Avoidance” (p = 0.02) were more often used, less often – “Confrontational coping” (p = 0.001).

Conclusion. Differences in cognitive assessment and coping strategies were revealed in patients with coronary artery disease in personality type D and the development of depression symptoms. This study emphasizes the need for individualized behavioral interventions for patients with coronary artery disease with manifestations of psychological distress.
Algorithm for personalization of diet therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation and obesity based on metabolic status assessment
Authors: Romanova T. A. , Bogdanov A. R. , Fedulaev Yu. N.
Published: April 2024

Aim: To develop an algorithm for personalizing the diet therapy of patients with obesity and atrial fibrillation (AF) based on the assessment of the metabolic status.

Material and Methods. The study included 100 patients with grade III obesity and paroxysmal AF. All subjects had nonvalvular AF. Anthropometric parameters, actual nutrition, bioimedance analysis of body composition, basal metabolic rate (BMR) were assessed.

Results. Changes in basal metabolism by gender were identified. In women – a decrease in the rate of carboydrate oxidation (CHO) (by 27 ± 12.2%, p < 0.05), an increase in fat oxidation (by 48,58 ± 14.6%, p < 0.01). In men – a decrease in BMR (by 26,23 ± 13.6%, p < 0.05), CHO (by 57,18 ± 18.1%, p < 0.01) and protein (by 28,06 ± 12.9%, p < 0.05), increased rate of fat oxidation (by 31,42 ± 10.0%, p <0.05). A hyperphagic pattern of actual nutrition has been established: excess daily energy intensity (by 16–44%), excess of daily intake of proteins (by 34–54%), fats (by 17% in women) and carbohydrates (by 57–72%, p < 0.05). An excessive amount of saturated fat, cholesterol, and added sugar was revealed in the diet. A deficiency in vitamin D intake was found (by 8–16%, p < 0.05). The maximum daily energy requirement for 95% of women is within 2250 kcal/day, for men – 2950 kcal/day.

Conclusion. Metabolic status disorders serve as factors of hemodynamic overload, humoral and electrical dysfunction of the heart. Diet therapy is a powerful component in the treatment and prevention of AF. It is advisable to carry out an algorithm for individual correction of the chemical composition and energy value of diet therapy taking into account the optimal metabolic corridor of needs, enriching the diet with vitamin D, eliminating added sugar, cholesterol, sodium, phosphorus, and sources of vitamin K.
Cantemos todos: Semántica de himnos nacionales de Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela
Authors: Punín María Isabel , Arrobo Agila Juan Pablo , Mendoza María del Carmen
Published: April 2024

El himno nacional representa una composición de carácter poético-musical que fomenta el civismo de su gente, es un canto épico nacional. Entre 1810 y 1887, Ecuador, Colombia, Perú y Venezuela crearon sus himnos que giran en torno a conceptos relacionados con Patria y otros constructos inherentes a la idea de nación. La semántica permite un análisis intertextual inédito, que aportan al proceso de construcción de una identidad, “marcas rituales de la existencia política del pueblo” (Buch, 2008). Este estudio de carácter metodológico, comparativo y transversal de los himnos de cuatro países latinoamericanos. Identifica las estructuras semánticas de la composición poética, a partir del Análisis Crítico del discurso (ACD) de Teun A. Van Dijk (1999), entre otros exponentes. Compara las significaciones de estrofas, contexto asignado por transiciones políticas diversas y comunes. El más extenso, en cuanto a su composición textual, es el ecuatoriano (1865), mientras que del colombiano (1887) el más joven, con muchas significaciones positivas. El venezolano (1810) es el más corto, neutro y de un patriotismo fiel, que resalta el espíritu nacionalista. Estructura parecida, aunque más extensa, es el caso del peruano (1821) predominan indicadores positivos y neutros, centrados en amor a la Patria, un lugar común-genérico, pero de profundo respeto. Los himnos comparten parejas de significaciones, destacamos: Patria/Tierra; Gloria/Sangre; Victoria/Muerte; Invencible/esclavitud-raíz de aquello que nos une y nos separa como continente latinoamericano.
MANEJO DO TRAUMATISMO CRANIOENCEFÁLICO EM CRIANÇAS: UMA REVISÃO LITERÁRIA
Authors: Rocha Anne Tafne Queiroz , Barbosa Nathan Nunes
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O traumatismo cranioencefálico nos pacientes pediátricos constitui um importante desafio nas emergências neurológicas, assim, o seu manejo adequado tornase essencial para a boa conduta e
ESTRATÉGIAS DE OTIMIZAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO EM APLICAÇÕES WEB COM O GOOGLE LIGHTHOUSE
Authors: Rodrigues Mateus da Rocha , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Queiroz Jonathan Araújo
Published: April 2024

Em um mundo digital onde a rapidez e a interatividade são fundamentais, a otimização do desempenho em aplicações web tornou-se crucial para proporcionar boas experiências aos usuários. Este artigo discute as estratégias que impulsionam a eficiência das aplicações, destacando a importância das métricas de desempenho do Core Web Vitals presentes na ferramenta de análise Google Lighthouse. Essas métricas oferecem indicadores essenciais para avaliar e aprimorar a qualidade da experiência na web. Para embasar este artigo, serão empregadas as metodologias quantitativas e estudos de casos múltiplos em três aplicações para explorar como essas métricas se relacionam, evidenciando a importância da otimização do desempenho em um ambiente digital em constante evolução.

Palavras-chave: Otimização de desempenho, Core Web Vitals, Google Lighthouse.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DA PLATAFORMA GUARANI USANDO VUE.JS E SPRING BOOT PARA DIVULGAÇÃO DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS NA WEB
Authors: Lima Bruno Emanuel Santos , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Magalhães Yonara Costa
Published: April 2024

No contexto atual, é evidente a presença crescente de tecnologias e aplicativos em variados setores, emergindo com funcionalidades diversas que visam simplificar o cotidiano das pessoas. Mesmo diante de diversas tecnologias, com a expansão da internet, o compartilhamento de informações tornou-se mais acessível. Entretanto, a profusão de conteúdo dificulta a localização de trabalhos acadêmicos específicos e respostas técnicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir e desenvolver uma plataforma web com um serviço que oferece um repositório de pesquisas cientificas utilizando vue.js e spring boot. Apresenta-se aqui o desenvolvimento de uma API REST voltada à divulgação de trabalhos acadêmicos. Sob essa perspectiva, as tecnologias empregadas possibilitam a criação de uma aplicação web que aborda as questões propostas.

Palavras-chave: Vue.js, Spring Boot, API REST.
CRIAÇÃO DE UM APLICATIVO PARA CONDOMÍNIOS UTILIZANDO FLUTTER E REST API VOLTADOS PARA A UTILIZAÇÃO DO MORADOR E PORTEIRO
Authors: Carneiro Pedro Henrique Silva de Sousa , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Mesquita Leonardo de Castro
Published: April 2024

A segurança é o principal fator que leva as pessoas a escolherem morar dentro de condomínios fechados; no entanto, no Brasil, há inúmeros fatores de risco que fragilizam até mesmo esse sistema. Um desses fatores é a falta de praticidade e agilidade na entrada de convidados e prestadores de serviço. Portanto, foi planejado criar um aplicativo utilizando Flutter no front-end e desenvolver uma Rest API utilizando o Framework Spring para o back-end. Para atender a esse propósito, serão adotadas as metodologias de entrevista e estudo de caso. Essa aplicação será voltada para proporcionar ao porteiro a capacidade de analisar todos os convites feitos pelos moradores, proporcionando maior praticidade na autorização de pessoas para a entrada no condomínio e reservas dos espaços.

Palavras-chaves: Segurança, Rest API, flutter, back-end, front-end.
DESENVOLVIMENTO INTEGRADO DE FRONT-END E BACK-END PARA APRIMORAR A EXPERIÊNCIA DO USUÁRIO
Authors: Cruz Kaio Eduardo Pereira , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Caridade Elda Regina de Sena , Queiroz Jonathan Araújo
Published: April 2024

Sites na internet dedicados a fornecer informações sobre viagens, destinos turísticos, serviços relacionados a viagens e opções de hospedagem. Esses sites são projetados para ajudar os usuários a planejar suas viagens, encontrar acomodações, descobrir atrações locais, obter informações práticas sobre destinos e, muitas vezes, realizar reservas online. Neste contexto, este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento de uma página web que desempenha papel fundamental no projeto Matrip, um aplicativo de viagens criado em Flutter. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi abordar um problema, como a falta de integração em serviços de viagens online. Frequentemente, os usuários enfrentam a dificuldade de acessar informações centralizadas sobre destinos, acomodações e atrações turísticas, além de enfrentar obstáculos ao tentar realizar reservas online de maneira eficiente detectado na promoção do turismo na região do Maranhão, o trabalho buscou, assim, desenvolver uma solução tecnológica, tornando o turismo local mais acessível e atrativo para turistas e colaboradores. Assim, simplificando processo de inclusão dos produtos oferecidos pelo app, demonstrando a importância da tecnologia na gestão. Além disso, o Matrip visa proporcionar aos usuários uma experiência completa na exploração dos principais destinos turísticos do estado do Maranhão, como Carolina, Raposa, Alcântara e Lençóis Maranhenses. A metodologia adotada incluiu as pesquisas bibliográficas extensas para embasar as decisões de desenvolvimento. Os resultados alcançados incluem back-end em Java, front-end em HTML e usa um banco de dados MySQL para armazenar informações sobre passeios e restaurantes. Em resumo, o Matrip é uma solução inovadora para promover o turismo na região, destacando a importância da tecnologia na divulgação de destinos turísticos e no impulso à economia local.

Palavras-chave: Flutter, MySQL, Front-end, Back-end
OcupApp: CONTROLE INTELIGENTE DE ESPAÇOS
Authors: Coelho Marcos Levy de Freitas , Lima Edilson Carlos Silva , Queiroz Jonathan Araújo
Published: April 2024

O aumento da população global requer uma gestão mais eficiente de espaços compartilhados, demandando estratégias inteligentes para otimizar o uso dessas áreas. Além do crescimento quantitativo, é essencial buscar soluções inovadoras que promovam uma coexistência sustentável. O desafio consiste em implementar práticas e tecnologias que atendam às necessidades da população em constante crescimento, priorizando um gerenciamento eficaz desses espaços. Nesse contexto desenvolvemos um aplicativo de locação de espaço em Flutter com o propósito de otimizar a gestão de espaços compartilhados. Este aplicativo foi concebido para atender às crescentes necessidades de organizadores de eventos, empresas, e instituições que desejam monitorar, reservar e controlar a lotação de espaços de maneira eficaz. Ao aproveitar a versatilidade do Flutter, o aplicativo oferece uma interface de usuário intuitiva e eficiente, permitindo aos usuários gerenciar a lotação dos espaços em tempo real, implementar medidas de segurança em relação à ocupação, e promover uma experiência segura e conveniente para os usuários finais. Este artigo explora o processo de desenvolvimento do aplicativo em detalhes, destacando sua importância na facilitação da utilização eficiente e segura de espaços compartilhados, especialmente em um contexto de crescente necessidade de monitoramento de lotação.

Palavras-chave: Flutter, Locação de Espaço, Monitoramento de Locação.
Management and Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Sheena P Kochumon , Cherupally Krishnan Krishnan Nair
Published: April 2024

Spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. It is one of the most common single-gene disorders with an incidence rate of approximately 1 in 10,000 live births. The clinical manifestations are progressive hypotonia and muscle weakness due to the degeneration of alpha neurons in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord and motor nuclei in the lower brain stem. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, SMA has five subtypes. Supportive measures can be offered for respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal complications. Carrier testing for all couples is recommended and this can be done by Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA). Prenatal diagnosis can be offered to carrier couples. Therapies must be given within the newborn period for maximum benefit and before the loss of motor neurons. It is achieved by identifying the SMA babies through Newborn screening. Several new FDA-approved drugs can reduce the progression of symptoms in SMA. However, they cannot offer a definite cure. Clinical follow-up and Neurological assessment demonstrate that SMA children can attain developmental milestones after receiving treatment, which is never normally attained in untreated cases. In utero SMA treatment with Zolgensma would enhance the survival rate and favorable neurological outcomes in the future. Base editing and Gene editing with CRISPR-Cas technologies to target the mutations and restore functional and stable SMN protein levels are the future hopes for a permanent cure of SMA.
Molecular identification of bacteria (Klebsiella aerogenes, PP335235) isolated from street food (Fried Rice); study of its antibiotic sensitivity pattern and probiotic fortification of fruit juice (Fragaria ananassa, Passiflora ligularis and Phyllanthus e
Authors: Parivendhan M  , Harini M  , Dharaniya A  , Kansiya N  , Ragunathan R  , Saravanan N
Published: April 2024

Street food is an integral part of India's culinary culture, offering patrons a wide range of affordable options. However, concerns about the public's health risks associated with street food consumption persist due to inadequate infrastructure and the transient nature of street vendors. Contaminated street food can lead to foodborne illnesses such as gastroenteritis, typhoid fever, pneumonia, food poisoning, and hepatitis A. Probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria, are potentially effective by targeting specific infections. Probiotic-enriched fruit drinks present an innovative approach to improving population nutrition and probiotic provision. Lactobacillus gasseri is a gram-positive bacterium that has been demonstrated to be a promising strain of probiotic due to its resistance to acidity and beneficial effects on gut health. Alginate encapsulation improves the stability and release of probiotic strain. Probiotic fruit juices can be made from fruits that are rich in antioxidants and nutrients, such as Passiflora ligularis, Fragaria ananassa, and Phyllanthus emblica. The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to discover Klebsiella aerogenes (PP335235) isolated from street foods. The study also sought to determine the isolate's pattern of antibiotic sensitivity and explore the potential of fortifying fruit juice with Lactobacillus gasseri as a probiotic nutraceutical therapeutic strategy.
Image generation and classification using GAN-based Semi Supervised Learning
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Jung Doyoon , Choi Gwangmi , Kim NamHo
Published: April 2024

This study deals with a method of combining image generation using Semi Supervised Learning based on GAN (Generative Adversarial Network) and image classification using ResNet50. Through this, a new approach was proposed to obtain more accurate and diverse results by integrating image generation and classification.
The generator and discriminator are trained to distinguish generated images from actual images, and image classification is performed using ResNet50. In the experimental results, it was confirmed that the quality of the generated images changes depending on the epoch, and through this, we aim to improve the accuracy of industrial accident prediction. In addition, we would like to present an efficient method to improve the quality of image generation and increase the accuracy of image classification through the combination of GAN and ResNet50.