bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KACA SEBAGAI PENGGANTI AGREGAT HALUS DAN FLY ASH 30% DARI BERAT SEMEN DITINJAU DARI KUAT TARIK BELAH, DAYA SERAP DAN POROSITAS BETON
Authors: Taufiq Lilo Adi Sucipto Cahyo Didit Prasetyo, Ernawati Sri Sunarsih,
Published: March 2022

Perkembangan IPTEK di Indonesia semakin maju, terutama di bidang bangunan, hal ini memunculkan ide untuk menciptakan bahan bangunan yang relatif murah dan tidak merusak keseimbangan alam.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui, 1)  pengaruh limbah kaca sebagai bahan pengganti agregat halus terhadap kuat tarik belah beton 2)  pengaruh limbah kaca sebagai bahan pengganti agregat halus terhadap daya serap air beton 3) pengaruh limbah kaca sebagai bahan pengganti agregat halus terhadap porositas beton 4) persentase kuat tarik belah makisimal yang dihasilkan  dari penggantian agregat halus dengan kaca 5) persentase daya serap air minimal yang dihasilkan  dari penggantian agregat halus dengan kaca 6) persentase porositas minimal yang dihasilkan  dari penggantian agregat halus dengan kaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen di laboratorium dengan pengujian sampel. Adapun pengujian yang dilakukan berupa pengujian kuat tarik belah, daya serap dan porositas beton.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa, variasi penggantian serbuk kaca sebagai agregat halus berpengaruh negatif sebesar 46,2% terhadap kuat tarik belah. Variasi penggantian serbuk kaca sebagai agregat halus berpengaruh negatif sebesar 63,9% terhadap daya serap air beton. Variasi penggantian serbuk kaca sebagai agregat halus berpengaruh negatif sebesar 73% terhadap porositas beton. Persentase serbuk kaca optimal sebagai pengganti agregat halus yang menghasilkan kuat tarik belah beton maksimal terdapat pada persentase penggantian serbuk kaca 10% yaitu sebesar 2,258 MPa, Persentase serbuk kaca optimal sebagai pengganti agregat halus yang menghasilkan daya serap beton minimal terdapat pada persentase penggantian serbuk kaca 10% yaitu sebesar 6,407%, Persentase serbuk kaca optimal sebagai pengganti agregat halus yang menghasilkan porositas beton minimal terdapat pada persentase penggantian serbuk kaca 10% yaitu sebesar 14,006%.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ALAT PERAGA MINIATUR RUMAH BERTINGKAT SISTEM BONGKAR PASANG PADA MATA KULIAH KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN GEDUNG III
Authors: Sukatiman Agung Nugroho, A. G. Tamrin,
Published: March 2022

Tujuan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis alat peraga miniatur rumah bertingkat mata kuliah Konstruksi Bangunan Gedung III pada materi potongan denah rumah tinggal adalah (1) Mengembangkan alat peraga miniatur rumah bertingkat sistem bongkar pasang sebagai sarana pembelajaran Mata Kuliah Konstruksi Bangunan Gedung III  menjadi lebih baik. (2) Mengetahui tingkat kelayakan alat peraga miniatur rumah bertingkat sistem bongkar pasang Mata Kuliah Konstruksi Bangunan Gedung III  pada materi potongan denah rumah tinggal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development dengan melakukan pengembangkan pada media pembelajaran alat peraga. Adapun tahap pengembangan pada media pembelajaran ini (1) Tahap Studi Pendahuluan: Studi literatur dan studi lapangan. (2) Tahap pengembangan media: penyusunan desain model alat peraga, validasi tim ahli, uji kelayakan pada kelompok kecil dan kelompok besar. (3) Tahap evaluasi merupakan tahap akhir dari proses pengembangan terkait model final media pembelajaran alat peraga. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut, (1) Pengembangan alat peraga sebagai media pembelajaran berupa penggabungan alat peraga nyata dan modul menjadi satu kesatuan kerja. Satu kesatuan yang dapat menghasilkan suatu informasi dengan materi yang telah disesuaikan dengan RPS Mata Kuliah Konstruksi Bangunan Gedung III dengan materi merencanakan potongan denah rumah tinggal bertingkat. (2) Uji kelayakan media dari ahli materi sebesar 93,06%, termasuk sangat layak. Uji kelayakan media dari ahli media sebesar 89,55% termasuk sangat layak. Uji kelayakan media dari ahli pembelajaran  sebesar 89,41% termasuk sangat layak. Uji kelayakan media terhadap mahasiswa skala kecil sebesar 83,4% termasuk sangat layak. Uji kelayakan media terhadap mahasiswa skala besar sebesar 84,38% termasuk sangat layak.
Musculoskeletal Educational Resources for the Aspiring Orthopaedic Surgeon
Authors: Wadhwa Harsh , Van Rysselberghe Noelle L , Campbell Sean T , Bishop Julius A
Published: March 2022

Musculoskeletal (MSK) education is underemphasized in medical school curricula, which can lead to decreased confidence in treating MSK conditions and suboptimal performance on orthopaedic surgery elective rotations or subinternships. Given the low amount of formalized education in MSK medicine, students aiming to learn about orthopaedic surgery must gain much of their foundational knowledge from other resources. However, there are currently no centralized introductory educational resources to fill this need. We provide a framework for navigating the different types of resources available for trainees and highlight the unaddressed needs in this area.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, and HELLP Syndrome Hospitalizations Rates in the United States
Authors: Dongarwar Deepa , Adindu Ebubechi , Mizu Ruth , Salihu Hamisu
Published: March 2022

There is a lack of recent data demonstrating how racial/ethnic disparities in the occurrence of preeclampsia, eclampsia, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome may translate into hospitalization rates. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the disparities in preeclampsia, eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome hospitalizations rates across racial/ethnic patient populations in the United States (US). The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) datasets 2016-2018 were used for this analysis. Prevalence rates were calculated for each hypertensive disorder of pregnancy – preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and eclampsia, by race/ethnicity. Survey logistic regression model was utilized to find the association between race/ethnicity and each phenotype of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. During the study period, there were 499.4, 27.0 and 12.1 per 10,000 hospitalizations with preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and eclampsia. The hospitalization rates and odds of a diagnosis of preeclampsia and eclampsia were higher in Non-Hispanic (NH)-Black pregnant population when compared with NH-White pregnant population. The hospitalization rate and odds of having a diagnosis of HELLP syndrome were highest in NH-Whites as compared to other racial/ethnic groups.
 
Copyright © 2022 Dongarwar et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Ideology and the Class Bully: Enid Blyton's Malory Towers
Authors: Coppell Vicki
Published: March 2022

See article
'Romantic notions'; Revisiting Margaret Mahy's The Catalogue of the Universe
Authors: Sheridan Carlisle
Published: March 2022

See article
Site selection and Storage System Design for RWH with artificial recharge based on hydro-geological and socio-economic consideration in qualitative and quantitative water-stressed areas of North 24 Parganas, India
Authors: Biswas Satabdi , Sahoo Satiprasad , Debsarkar Anupam , Pal Manoranjan , Ray Shyama Prasad Sinha , Al-Quraishi Ayad M. Fadhil
Published: March 2022

Rural households of North 24 Parganasare adversely affected by combined qualitative and quantitative water stress. An attempt is made to establish a relationship between RWH potential based on hydro-geological and socio-economic characteristics. Total 924 rural household data were collected through a rigorous socio-economic survey in four study blocks viz. Barasat II, Amdanga, Barrackpore II, and Basirhat I to assess the water insufficiency. Land-use and Land-cover study showed a rapid increase in the built-up area to the extent of 21.69%, 10.44%, and 4.08% for Barasat II, Amdanga, and Basirhat I blocks, respectively during (2010–2020). Over this period, water bodies were reduced by nearly 19% and 6% in Barasat II and Basirhat I, respectively. The upper aquifer within 40 to 60 m depth was suitable for artificial recharge from the fence diagram. Artificial recharge structures like percolation tank with recharge shaft were suggested (within 40 m depth) for Amdanga block, re-excavation (up to a depth of 3 mbgl) for Basirhat I block and recharge well or pit to be excavated up to(30, 10, and 10 to 20 m) for highly built-up areas of Amdanga, Barasat II and Barrckpore II, respectively. Water quality parameters viz. TDS, ammonia-N, and chloride were found reasonably safe for drinking purposes in the rain water samples. The storage tank's capacity was calculated as 6,000 litres for individual rural households, with 60 gm of bleaching powder estimated for a full tank. The suggested methods would help local authorities successfully execute the RWH schemes inwater-stressed areas.
Cell chirality reversal through tilted balance between polymerization of radial fibers and clockwise-swirling of transverse arc
Authors: Kwong Hoi Kwan , Liu Wengang , Wu Siying , Chung Cho Fan , Chu Lok Ting , Chow Hiu Lam , Hartanto Hogi , Wang Jiachen , Lam Miu Ling , Chen Ting-Hsuan
Published: March 2022

Cell chirality is an intrinsic property shown as biased cell rotation or orientation. While the righthanded helix of actin is known essential, it is intriguing of how single form of molecular handedness can be manifested into diverse and even mirrored forms of cell chirality. Here, we found that cell nucleus rotates with clockwise (CW) bias with smaller projected area but reverses to anticlockwise (ACW) bias when cell spreading increases. Actin analysis suggests that polymerization of righthanded radial fibers accounts for the ACW bias, while the CW bias is driven by the retrograde flow of CW-swirling transverse arc, which originates from tethered myosin II that simultaneously connect radial fibers and transverse arc. Thus, by tilting the balance between these two classes of actin fibers via cell spreading area or the main factors of actin, i.e., myosin II, α-actinin-1, Tpm4, and mDia2, the single form of actin helix can be unfolded into cell chirality with opposite bias. This finding suggests a mechanistic insight of cell chirality reversal, providing new perspective in mechanobiology and tissue formation.
Downregulation of DNA methyltransferase-3a ameliorates the osteogenic differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells in diabetic osteoporosis
Authors: Zhang Maorui , Gao Yujin , Li Qing , Cao Huayue , Yang Jianghua , Cai Xiaoxiao , Xiao Jingang
Published: March 2022

Background
Diabetes-related osteoporosis (DOP) is a chronic disease caused by the high glucose environment that induces a metabolic disorder of osteocytes and osteoblast-associated mesenchymal stem cells. The processes of bone defect repair and regeneration become extremely difficult with DOP. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), as seed cells in bone tissue engineering technology, provide a promising therapeutic approach for bone regeneration in DOP patients. The osteogenic ability of ASCs is lower in a DOP model than that of control ASCs. DNA methylation, as a mechanism of epigenetic regulation, may be involved in DNA methylation of various genes, thereby participating in biological behaviors of various cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the diabetic environment on the osteogenic potential of ASCs and to improve the osteogenic differentiation ability of ASCs with DOP.
Methods
DOP-ASCs and control ASCs were isolated from DOP C57BL/6 and control mice, respectively. The multipotency of DOP-ASCs was confirmed by Alizarin Red-S, Oil Red-O, and Alcian blue staining. Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), immunofluorescence, and western blotting were used to analyze changes in markers of osteogenic differentiation, DNA methylation, and Wnt signaling. Alizarin Red-S staining was also used to confirm changes in the osteogenic ability. DNMT small interfering RNA (siRNA), shRNA-Dnmt3a, and LVRNA-Dnmt3a were used to assess the role of Dnmt3a in osteogenic differentiation of control ASCs and DOP-ASCs. Micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson staining were used to analyze changes in the osteogenic capability when a lentivirus downregulated Dnmt3a in DOP mice in vivo.
Results
The proliferative ability of DOP-ASCs was lower than that of control ASCs. DOP-ASCs showed a decrease in osteogenic differentiation capacity, lower Wnt signaling pathway activity, and a higher level of DNA methylation than control ASCs. When Dnmt3a was downregulated by siRNA and shRNA, osteogenic-related factors Runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteopontin, and activity of the Wnt signaling pathway were increased, which rescued the poor osteogenic potential of DOP-ASCs. When Dnmt3a was upregulated by LVRNA-Dnmt3a, the osteogenic ability was inhibited. The same results were obtained in vivo.
Conclusions
Dnmt3a silencing rescues the negative effects of DOP on ASCs and provides a possible approach for bone tissue regeneration in patients with diabetic osteoporosis.
A data driven method for prioritizing invasive species to aid policy and management
Authors: Finley Dylan , Dovciak Martin , Dean Jennifer
Published: March 2022

Natural resource managers overseeing large regions are often challenged by an overwhelmingly long list of invasive species to prioritize for management and surveys. Often, managers determine priorities through subjective experience and not regional data, contributing to a lack of objectivity, consistency, and transparency. Using the invasion curve as a guiding principle, we developed a data-driven process to guide expert input in creating regionally specific invasive species lists based on management priorities. The invasive species tiers framework uses a standardized set of definitions, data from locational databases and impact assessments, and expert review to categorize high-impact invasive species present in and surrounding the target regions. The analysis process was evaluated and improved by feedback from the structured network of invasive species managers in New York State. Changes between the first and second version of the data tiers analysis increased total number of species represented in the tier lists, accounting for 40% of the differences between the versions. Results of the invasive species tiers process for eight management regions and at the state-scale were made publicly available, and demonstrated variation in invasive species diversity across the management landscape. The approach developed here can be replicated in and scaled to other regions of the U.S. or other countries with comparable data, and it can provide a common management language to better coordinate invasive species management efforts.
Transcriptome analysis of different developmental stages of Daphnia similoides sinensis and screening of male sex determination candidate genes
Authors: Wang Ziyan , Zhang Feiyun , Jin Qide , Wang Yeping , Deng Daogui
Published: March 2022

Background: In the life history of Daphnia, the reproductive mode of parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction alternate in aquatic ecosystem, which are often affected by environmental and genetic factor. Although several functional genes on reproductive transition of Daphnia had been determined, molecular mechanism on the reproductive mode of Daphnia are still not known well, including differentially expressed genes in different developmental stages.Results: In this study, four developmental stages, juvenile female (JF), parthenogenetic female (PF), sexual female (SF) and male (M), of D. similoides sinensis were performed for transcriptome sequence, and candidate genes related to male sex determination were screened. A total of 110437 transcripts were obtained and assembled into 22996 unigenes. In the four developmental stages (JF, PF, SF and M), the number of unique unigenes is respectively 2863, 445, 437 and 586, and the number of common unigenes is 9708. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between male and other three female stages (M vs JF, M vs PF and M vs SF) were obtained. GO gene enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes in male were mainly enriched in hydrolase activity and peptidase activity.Thirty-six candidate genes related to male sex determination in male were significantly higher expression than those in the other three stages, including one Doublesex (Dsx) gene, one laminin gene, five trypsin genes and one serine protease genes, and one chitin synthase gene and two chitinase genes. In addition, in D. similoides sinensis male, the relative expression levels of two genes (Dsx1, antp) related to male sex determination observed in other Daphnia species were also significantly higher than those in the other three stages. Conclusions: Our results showed that thirty-six candidate genes may involve in sex differentiation of D. similoides sinensis male, and it will provide a reference for further exploring the functional genes related to sex determination mechanism in Daphnia species. Moreover, according to previous investigations, we thought that the expression level of functional genes may be related to the development stages of organisms, and may be also affected by different Daphnia species.
The GALNS p.P77R variant is a probable Gujarati-Indian founder mutation causing Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA syndrome
Authors: Sheth Harsh , Naik Premal , Shah Maulin , Bhavsar Riddhi , Nair Aadhira , Sheth Frenny , Sheth Jayesh
Published: March 2022

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (Morquio syndrome A, MPS IVA) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused due to biallelic variants in the N-acetylgalactoseamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) gene. The mutation spectrum in this condition is determined amongst sub-populations belonging to the north, south and east India geography, however, sub-populations of west Indian origin, especially Gujarati-Indians, are yet to be studied. We aimed to analyse the variants present in the GLANS gene amongst the population of Gujarat by sequencing all exons and exon-intron boundaries of the GALNS gene in patients from 23 unrelated families. Results: We report 11 variants that include eight missense variants: (p.L36R, p.D39G, p.P77R, p.C79R, pP125L, p.P151L, p.G255A and p.L350P), one splice site variant: (c.121-7C>G), one small insertion: (c.1241_1242insA, p.I416HfsTer2) and one small deletion: (c.839_41delACA). Of these, three missense variants (p.D39G, p.G255A and p.L350P), one splice site and the two indels mentioned above are novel. Interestingly, we observed a higher than anticipated prevalence of p.P77R variant in our cohort (n=14/25, 56%). Haplotype analysis in cases with p.P77R variant and 63 ethnicity matched healthy population controls suggested a 4 SNP haplotype block present in cases compared to controls (likelihood ratio test p-value= 1.16 x 10-13), thereby suggesting p.P77R variant as a founder variant in the Gujarati Indian population. Furthermore, age of mutation analysis suggested the variant to have arisen approximately 450 years ago in the population. Conclusion: p.P77R variant in the GLANS gene is likely to be a founder variant in MPS IVA patients of Gujarati-Indian ancestry and appeared approximately 450 years ago in the population. To our knowledge, this the first variant to be posited as a founder variant in the GLANS gene in patients with MPS IVA syndrome.
Prognostic analysis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in interstitial lung disease patients: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Sun Yuxin , Shao Chi , Huang Hui , Chen Ruxuan , Xu Kai , Li Mei , Zhang Xin , Xu Zuojun
Published: March 2022

Background
Pre-exiting chronic lung disease was a poor prognostic factor for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP). However, the clinical characteristics and the prognostic factors of HIV negative PJP patients (non-HIV-PJP) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains unclear.
Methods
This was a retrospective study of hospitalized patients with confirmed PJP and ILD at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2014 and December 2020. The enrolled patients were stratified based on the presence or absence of ILD and the presence of fibrotic ILD (FILD) or nonfibrotic ILD (non-FILD). The log-rank test and Cox regression models were used to analyze the prognostic factors for PJP patients with different pre-existing statuses.
Results
Among 836 hospitalized individuals with PJP, there were 378 non-HIV-PJP with complete clinical-radiological-follow-up data. Among them, there were 133cases (35.2%) with non-HIV-ILD-PJP, and 70 patients were classified as fibrotic ILD-PJP. The all-cause mortality rate for ILD-PJP group was higher than that of non-ILD-PJP group (57.9% vs 38.4%, Log-rank = 12.2, p < 0.001, However, the all-cause mortality was similar between FILD-PJP and non-FILD-PJP (Log-rank = 0.03, p > 0.05). Co-infection with aspergillosis(HR = 2.89, χ2 = 5.0, p = 0.02, 95%CI:1.14–7.28), honeycomb in the chest HRCT(HR = 16.3, χ2 = 16.8, p < 0.001, 95%CI:4.3–62), invasive ventilation(HR = 3.02, χ2 = 7.1, p < 0.01, 95%CI:1.34–6.82) and non- invasive ventilation(HR = 6.2, χ2 = 16.7, p < 0.001, 95%CI:2.58–14.9 ) were independent survival risk factors for non-HIV-ILD-PJP. Non-invasive ventilation support (HR = 928.56, χ2 = 7.3, p < 0.01, 95%CI:6.6-130796.5) and the serum D-dimer (HR = 1.2, χ2 = 10.9, p < 0.001, 95%CI:1.01–1.34) were independent survival risk factors for fibrotic ILD-PJP patients.
Conclusions
Pre-exiting ILD is independently associated with poor survival of PJP patients. Co-infection with aspergillosis, honeycomb in the chest HRCT, invasive ventilation and non- invasive ventilation were independent survival risk factors for ILD patients complicated with PJP.
Mitral valvuloplasty with the interatrial groove-left atrial dome approach in a patient with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Chen Fengjie , Wang Xiang , Zhuang Xianmian , Guo Hongwei
Published: March 2022

Background
The choice of mitral valve surgical approach has always been a difficult problem in patients with small left atrium.
Case presentation:
We report a case of a patient with Marfan syndrome who underwent the David operation and mitral valvuloplasty. The patient had a small left atrium, so we severed the superior vena cava and opened the interatrial groove and left atrial dome. This method allows for excellent exposure of the mitral valve and subvalvular apparatus, enabling a successful operation.
Conclusion
The interatrial groove-left atrial dome approach provides an option for patients with a small left atrium undergoing mitral valve surgery.
Optimization of Culture Conditions for L-Glutamic Acid production by Bacillus flexus Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Adegoke Olaposi O , Kareem Sarafadeen O , Balogun Saka A , Adeogun Abideen I
Published: March 2022

The body can use L-glutamic acid to make proteins (L-GA). It was formerly derived from plants, however bacteria have subsequently been studied as a potential source of synthesis. Bacillus flexus is a glutamic acid-harvesting bacteria that is well-known. Submerged fermentation was used in the production of L-GA. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized in this study to statistically optimize fermentation parameters that influence Bacillus flexus yield of L-glutamic acid. The effects of culture conditions, including several medium composition components, were evaluated using Central composite design (CCD) response surface optimization. Inoculum size, pH, substrate concentration, temperature, and time were all found to have substantial effects on glutamic acid production. Production increased considerably (p<0.05). Bacillus flexus produced the highest L-glutamic acid production of 4.9 g/L when the substrate concentration was 6%, the inoculum size was 4%, the temperature was 35°C, the pH was 7, and the time was 3 days, as predicted by RSM. This value is very close to the predicted value of 5.02 g/L, proving its validity. RSM proved to be a powerful strategy for improving this organism's L-glutamic acid synthesis.
M7G-related miRNA biomarkers for predicting overall survival outcomes for colon carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Lebin , Cheng Fei , Wu Zhao , Shen Wei
Published: March 2022

Colon cancer (COAD) is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis, more effective treatment strategies need to be explored urgently. M7G methylation can molecularly affect transcriptional processes leading to cancer development. However, the prognostic value of m7G-related gene miRNAs in colon cancer remains to be further investigated. In this study, miRNA, mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of COAD patients were downloaded from the public database TCGA. A total of 109 m7G-related gene miRNAs were differentially expressed between COAD and adjacent normal tissues in TCGA (p<0.05 and |logFC|>=1), and 13 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were correlated with overall survival in univariate Cox regression analysis. Based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression, a polygenic prognostic model was constructed, and the risk score was validated. Five gene biomarkers (hsa−miR−21−3p, hsa−miR−887−5p, hsa−miR−9−5p, hsa−miR−378d, hsa−miR−31−5p) were associated with colon cancer prognosis. The patients were divided into high and low risk groups according to the risk score. The OS of patients in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the lower risk group (P < 0.001). The time-dependent ROC curve analysis confirmed the predictive ability of tumor biomarkers. Risk score was an independent predictor of OS (HR>1, P<0.001). Functional enrichment analysis showed that immune-related pathways were involved in the regulatory process. In conclusion, five novel m7G-related gene miRNAs biomarkers can be used for prognosis prediction of colon cancer. Targeting m7g-related miRNAs may be an alternative treatment for COAD.
Free-living relatives of highly abundant unicellular marine parasites elucidate plastid loss
Authors: Hehenberger Elisabeth , Tikhonenkov Denis , Cooney Elizabeth , Jacko-Reynolds Victoria , Irwin Nicholas , Keeling Patrick
Published: March 2022

Although photosynthesis has been lost many times, complete loss of the plastid organelle is considered to be very rare, since plastids are integrated into host metabolism in many ways. But understanding plastid loss is critical to understanding the evolution of photosynthesis and endosymbiosis more broadly. Plastid loss is a central force underlying the distribution of eukaryotic photosynthesis, and also key to understanding the impact of endosymbiosis on the host genome. Endosymbiosis is also widely held to facilitate a massive influx of new genes into the host genome, which may continue to function in the organelle, or may take on functions in other subcellular compartments. This leads to the prediction that after plastid loss the nuclear genome might retain numerous functional genes originating from the former plastid, and by extension the presence or absence of such a genetic “footprint” has been used to argue for or against cryptic, ancient endosymbioses. But our current understanding of the fate of such genes and plastid loss in general is insufficient to make such claims. Currently the only two relatively clear cases of plastid loss are in highly reduced parasites, neither of which have closely-related free-living relatives with plastids to compare. Accordingly, we lack even the fundamental expectations to distinguish a genome where a plastid once existed and was lost from one where a plastid never existed. Here we describe a novel lineage, the eleftherids, and use phylogenomics to show that they are the closest sister group to the Marine Alveolates (MALVs), an abundant, diverse, and widespread group of parasites thought to play a major role in marine food webs. Moreover, MALVs are one of the two lineages thought to have lost plastids. Eleftherids are free-living predators and, although not photosynthetic, retain a metabolically active plastid, which allows for a more detailed model for how the MALV plastid was lost leaving virtually no genomic trace. By challenging the notion that plastid origins are expected to make a pronounced and lasting mark in the host genome, the eleftherids and MALVs also raise important questions about the process and impact of endosymbiotic organelle origins more broadly.
Combination therapy of Obinutuzumab, Venetoclax, Lenalidomide and Zanubrutinib for relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient with central nervous system involvement
Authors: Yan Yan , Wang Jiehao , Hu Yuhan , Gao Xue , Du Jianwei , Dong Lihua , Lyv Xiaodong , Li Yufu , Song Yongping , Lin Quande
Published: March 2022

We adopted regimen of obinutuzumab, venetoclax, lenalidomide and zanubrutinib combined with intrathecal injection to treat a relapsed high risk CLL patient with CNS involvement, who have progressed underwent two cycles therapy of zanubrutinib combined with BR regimen previously. After two cycles therapy, no malignant cells were identified in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and radiological assessment showed a partial remission, as well, radiological complete remission was achieved after three cycles of therapy. Combined immunochemotherapy may have a higher response rate and could be an alternative option for CNS involvement in CLL patients.
Robust modeling and prediction method of "symmetric mapping" for thermal error of CNC machine tools
Authors: Luo Hui , Miao Enming , Ran Jing , Lv Shixing , Tang Guangyuan
Published: March 2022

In view of the obvious differences in thermal characteristics of different types of machine tools with different mechanical structures, the established thermal error prediction model is beyond the range that the model algorithm can accurately predict, which involves the algorithm mechanism. Based on this, a "symmetric mapping" robust modeling prediction method is proposed for the different conventional thermal characteristics of CNC machine tools exhibited by the research object in this paper, which solves the problem that the special thermal deformation law does not match the robustness of the existing model algorithm. This effectively improves the prediction accuracy and robustness of the model. At the same time, the temperature sensitive points of CNC machine tools change with the seasonal changes, which leads to the change of the accuracy of the prediction model and the decrease of the robustness of the model. A method of using K-means combined with gray correlation (KWG) is proposed to optimize the robustness of the model. The temperature sensitive point with high stability can effectively reduce its variability and improve the accuracy and robustness of the model. In this paper, Vcenter-55 CNC machining center and leaderway-450 CNC machining center are taken as the research objects, combined with the experimental data of the whole year and the thermal error data in the Z-axis direction as an example, the residual Z-axis thermal error prediction model is finally established. The standard deviation is increased from 11um before data processing to about 4.1um, which improves the accuracy by 63%. At the same time, with the weakening of the variability of temperature-sensitive points, the application period of the model is increased to a validity period of 6 months, which greatly improves the robustness of the model.
Femoral artery variation was found during V-A ECMO catheterization: a case report
Authors: du liwen , Zhu Leilei , Shi Yongwei , Liu Peng , Xun Kai
Published: March 2022

Background: High position deep femoral artery (DFA) bifurcation is rare in clinical practice, and patients with this variation are less likely to receive venoarterial extracorporeal membrane ox-ygenation （V-A ECMO） treatment. Therefore, it is of great significance to introduce the process of V-A ECMO in patients with vascular variation. Case pesentation: A 52-year-old male patient had ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to coronary heart disease, angiography showed tripartite coronary artery lesions, and coronary artery stenting supported by V-A ECMO was required. Vascular evaluation before catheterization on ECMO found that the patient had high bifurcation of bilateral DFA, located at the inguinal ligament. After discussion, the perfusion cannula was placed in the left superficial femoral artery (SFA) toward the heart, and the distal perfusion catheter (DPC) was placed in the left SFA toward the distal end. Finally after the patient's heart recovered, necrosis of the toe of the left lower limb still occurred. Conclusion: Femoral artery (FA) assessment must be evaluated before V-A ECOM. To patients with high position DFA. Incision catheterization and DPC placement are recommended. After decannulation, arterial repair under direct vision was recommended, Rigorous distal vascular assessment and management is required.
Banana peel tyrosinase immobilized in agar-agar organic matrix “beads” for L-DOPA production in improvised reactors: A Box-Behnken response methodology-based approach
Authors: Ademakinwa Adedeji Nelson , Agunbiade Mayowa
Published: March 2022

Tyrosinase (7.9 U/mg protein) from the banana peel (TBp) served as a low-cost immobilized biocatalyst for the production of 3, 4-di hydroxyphenyl-L-alanine (L-DOPA). L-DOPA, a dopamine precursor, useful in the management of Parkinson’s disease, was produced in improvised batch and packed bed reactors. L-DOPA production by the immobilized TBp was optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). L-DOPA was characterized via spectrophotometry (Arnow’s method) and thin-layer chromatography. L-DOPA productivities obtained at equimolar substrate concentrations and 500 mg of TBp for the packed bed and batch process (BP) were 34.0 ± 2.1 and 15.4 ± 0.9 \(\frac{mg}{L}/h\) respectively. L-DOPA was optimally produced in a batch reactor at the conditions: ascorbic acid (25 mM), tyrosine (5 mM) and enzyme amount (1000 mg). The resulting L-DOPA productivity in the BP after the Box-Behnken RSM model validation was 63 ± 3.0\(\frac{mg}{L}/h\). There was a good fit with the model obtained based on the closeness of the predicted and experimental values, R2 (0.9979), model-F value (575.2) and the insignificant lack of fit. After four successive batch processes, about 35% loss in L-DOPA productivity was observed. In conclusion, banana peel served as a relatively cheap and easily available source of tyrosinase for the production of L-DOPA in both batch and packed bed reactors.
Risk factors of venous thromboembolic events among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients receiving first-line treatment
Authors: Jokimäki Anna , Tokola Susanna , Harmanen Minna , Kuitunen Hanne , Sillanpää Anni , Rönkä Aino , Selander Tuomas , Jukkola Arja , Auvinen Päivi , Kuittinen Outi , Kuusisto Milla E.L.
Published: March 2022

BackgroundVenous thromboembolic events (VTEs) remain a major cause of mortality and morbidity among lymphoma patients. Accurate risk-prediction models are lacking, however, especially in the high VTE risk subgroup of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The relationship between patient-, disease- and treatment-related factors and the VTE risk is yet incompletely defined in this disease entity. MethodsIn this retrospective study, we analyzed the risk factors for VTEs in DLBCL patients treated with first-line (1L) chemoimmunotherapy in Kuopio and Oulu University Hospitals (2010-2019). Univariate and multivariate analysis (Cox regression) of VTE risk factors was performed. Two novel VTE risk scores were developed and compared by ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis.ResultsVTE occurred in 17.2% (n=59) in the whole population, of which seven cases occurred during anticoagulant therapy. Statistically significant risk factors for VTE included age >65 years, ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) >1, thrombophilia, bulky disease, LDH > ULN (lactate dehydrogenase; upper limit of normal) and IPI (International Prognostic Index) 4-5. In a multivariate Cox regression model, previous history of thrombophilia and bulky disease were independent risk factors for VTE (p=0.000 and p=0.032, respectively). VTE at 1L had no significant effect on survival (overall survival, progression-free survival or disease-specific survival) at 2 or 5 years of follow-up. Two different VTE risk scores were tested in DLBCL patients treated in 1L. ROC analysis was used to assess the ability of the score to classify VTE risk. A risk score 2 (age >65/LDH > ULN/ ECOG>1/thrombophilia = 1 p., bulky disease 2 p.) received a higher ROC value (0.680) than risk score 1. In the “high risk” group (5 p., according to risk score 2), VTE risk was increased, at 35.3%. ConclusionsThrombophilia and bulky disease were independent risk factors for VTE in 1L-treated DLBCL patients. A novel VTE risk score was developed, to be further qualified.
Bacteria hijack a neuro-immune axis in the meninges to facilitate brain invasion
Authors: Chiu Isaac , Pinho-Ribeiro Felipe , Deng Liwen , Neel Dylan , Erdogan Ozge , Walker Alec , Carneiro-Nascimento Simone , He Kathleen , Wu Glendon , Stevens Beth , Doran Kelly , Levy Dan
Published: March 2022

The meninges are densely innervated by nociceptors that mediate pain and headache. Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infection of the meninges and central nervous system (CNS) that affects over one million people a year. However, whether pain and neuro-immune interactions impact CNS bacterial invasion is unclear. Here we find that nociceptor signaling to immune cells via the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) exacerbates bacterial meningitis. Nociceptor ablation reduced meningeal and brain invasion by two bacterial pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Bacteria directly activated nociceptors to release CGRP, which acts through its receptor RAMP1 on meningeal macrophages to inhibit chemokine expression and immune defenses. Macrophage-specific RAMP1 deficiency or blockade of RAMP1 signaling enhanced immune responses and bacterial clearance in the meninges and brain. Therefore, targeting a neuro-immune axis in the meninges can enhance host defenses and may be a potential treatment for bacterial meningitis.
Use of vaccines in rabbits kept as companion animals based on an analysis of clinical cases at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin in 2011-2020
Authors: ZIĘTEK JERZY , WILCZYŃSKA ANNA , SAJDAK SYLWIA , MAZUR MARIA , DĄBROSIAK ŁUKASZ , KALINOWSKI MARCIN , ADASZEK ŁUKASZ , WINIARCZYK STANISŁAW
Published: March 2022

Vaccinations for pet rabbits using biological preparations registered in Poland provide protection against three clinical entities: myxomatosis, rabbit haemorrhagic disease types 1 and 2 (RHD1 and RHD2). This article presents an analysis of the number of vaccinations performed in rabbits in the years 2011-2020 at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. Among the total number of 3304 rabbits admitted to the clinic, 574 visits were for vaccinations, which indicates that the owners of these animals are interested in specific prevention of myxomatosis and RHD. Detailed analysis of the clinic’s records makes it possible to identify certain tendencies, e.g. those associated with the choice of biological preparations or the percentage of immunized animals in different years. Vaccination of rabbits is not difficult for the veterinarian from a technical point of view, it provides excellent protection against lethal infectious diseases, and it can be a source of income for veterinary clinics. For this reason it is worth disseminating knowledge on the vaccination programme for rabbits kept as companion animals among owners of these animals.
Technological Perspectives and Economic Aspects of Green Hydrogen in the Energetic Transition: Challenges for Chemistry
Authors: Guarieiro Lilian , dos Anjos Jeancarlo , da Silva Luciana , Santos Alex , Calixto Ewerton , Pessoa Fernando , de Almeida Jose , Andrade Filho Miguel , Marinho Flavio , da Rocha Gisele , de Andrade Jailson
Published: March 2022

Green hydrogen is a fuel capable of promoting sustainable energy development and is gaining attention in the current global energy transition framework. The global shift toward decarbonization has triggered a substantial boost in the hydrogen industry. This study presents an overview of the current status of hydrogen production, regulation of the green hydrogen segment, hydrogen storage, distribution, and transportation, and final use and application. We also critically discuss the viability of adopting green hydrogen in terms of possible economic and environmental impacts as well as the main challenges and opportunities it represents for the Chemical Sciences.
Thermal Infrared Enthalpimetry Method for the Determination of Hypochlorite in Bleaching Solutions
Authors: Dalla Nora Flavia , Oliveira Alessandra , Duarte Fabio , Cichoski Alexandre , Barin Juliano
Published: March 2022

Thermal infrared enthalpimetry (TIE) was used for hypochlorite determination in commercial hypochlorite-based bleaching solutions. Experimental parameters were evaluated for the reaction with a hydrogen peroxide solution. The most relevant conditions were 5% H2O2 (m/m) solution, stirring speed of 250 rpm, dispensing rate of 0.57 mL s-1, and 10 s after reaction for the simultaneous temperature readings of four replicates. Agreement to reference method NBR 9425 ranging from 98.2 to 103.2% was achieved, with a low variation among measurements (relative standard deviation < 3.5%). The number of analytical operations was reduced, and only H2O2 solution was required as a greener reagent. A low amount of residues was generated (2.4 and 152.8 mL for each replicate in TIE and official method, respectively), and the application of the green analytical procedure index (GAPI) showed the greenness of the proposed method.
Flood forecasting with a dam watershed event-based hydrological model in a semi-arid context: case study in Morocco
Authors: Laassilia Oussama , Saghiry Soumia , Ouazar Driss , Bouziane Ahmed , Hasnaoui Moulay Driss
Published: March 2022

Event-based rainfall-runoff mechanism modeling is a very useful process for flood forecasting, in particular at the level of the dam watersheds in semi-arid regions. In this regard, this paper presents a flood modeling application in the Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (SMBA) dam watershed in Morocco, using the HEC-HMS model. The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Curve Number (CN), the SCS Unit hydrograph, and the Recession were chosen as loss, transform, and baseflow methods respectively. The various frequency floods entering the SMBA dam were simulated using the elaborated model. The results show that it is possible to estimate the volumes of water generated during floods satisfactorily with errors of 6–11%, while the error in peak flow is around 20%. The median NSE, during validation, is 0.58 and the R2 is about 0.67. Sensitivity analysis shows that the runoff volume, the peak flow, and the NSE were found to be more sensitive to lag time and CN parameters. The developed event-based model will make it possible to carry out several simulations allowing the assessment of the North to South Water Transfer Project operation, in particular, the SMBA dam reservoir management during the flood periods.
Low-cost methodology for the characterization of floc size in low turbidity and low alkalinity waters using image analysis
Authors: Pablo González-Galvis Juan , Maria Jaramillo Londoño Angela , Felipe Martinez Urrego Andres
Published: March 2022

Floc-particle size in drinking water treatment is an important parameter for designing and operating clarification and filtration units. However, advanced techniques for floc characterization are not affordable in drinking water utilities in developing countries because they are expensive and require qualified and training personnel. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to develop and test a nonintrusive low-cost methodology for floc size characterization using a regular HUAWEI P30 cell phone equipped with 40 megapixels camera, which is significantly less expensive than a sophisticated high-speed high-resolution camera used for floc characterization based on image analysis. This technique does not require sample processing, which keeps unaltered floc/particles aggregates for analysis. The methodology was calibrated using four different source waters with low turbidity (≤5.95±0.48 NTU) and relatively low alkalinity (≤52.4± 4.12 as CaCO3), which are typical from the Andina Region in Colombia. This methodology demonstrated to be useful for obtaining the mean floc size (based on average Feret diameter), floc area, floc perimeter and circularity of aggregates formed by the addition of alum [Al2(SO4)3*18H2O] after 15 minutes of flocculation in a regular jar tester. The methodology also proved to be valuable for measuring floc sizes in a range between 33 μm and 1,200 μm.
Hezekiah and the Centralization of Worship (2 Kgs 18:4.22)
Authors: Lemański Janusz
Published: March 2022

Did Hezekiah carry out religious reforms aimed at centralizing worship in Jerusalem? It is difficult to give an unequivocal answer to this question. The description of reforms is laconic and stereotypical (2 Kgs 18:4.22). The historical circumstances, however, seem to favor its recognition as historical. Also archaeological research, although not confirming unequivocally, does not allow to deny such a possibility either, even if many researchers believe that there was no massive influx of migrants from the north and that the population growth towards the end of 8th c. BCE was a natural demographic process. Texts devoted to the monarchy (1–2 Sam; 1–2 Kgs) and to the centralization of worship (Deut 12) fit better with the situation at the end of the 7th c. BCE (time of Josiah), both when we look at them from the point of view of literary criticism and from the perspective of political and social situation. However, the figure of Hezekiah could be considered by the authors of the 7th c. BCE as a precursor of the reforms of Josiah’s time due to the “historical” information about his destruction of the serpent cult of Nehushtan.
Determinação de erros máximos contidos em parâmetros elétricos de linhas de transmissão estimados a partir de medidas de tensão e corrente
Authors: Oliveira Nikolas I. F. de , Nascimento Cleydson A. de C. , Silva Iggor B. da , Cruz Melinda C. S. da
Published: March 2022

Esse artigo apresenta uma análise estatística para determinar os erros máximos contidos na estimação dos parâmetros de linhas de transmissão obtidos a partir de medidas de tensão e corrente. As tensões e correntes nos sistemas elétricos são medidas por transformadores de instrumentos, que podem inserir erros nas medições a partir de sua classe de exatidão. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho é utilizar a teoria da propagação de erros para determinar os limites dos erros dos parâmetros elétricos das linhas de transmissão, com 95% de probabilidade de sucesso. Para obter os resultados, uma linha de transmissão foi simulada usando o software ATPDraw® e um algoritmo foi desenvolvido para estimação de parâmetros e determinação dos erros máximos.
Testes em fibras ópticas utilizando o OTDR: parâmetros de configuração do instrumento
Authors: Fontoura Júnior Flávio
Published: March 2022

Este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os efeitos das variações de configuração de OTDR nos resultados dos testes ópticos, utilizando recursos do modo avançado de configuração. Foram revisados o princípio de funcionamento do instrumento e conceitos fundamentais, como range dinâmico e zona morta. Foram estudados os parâmetros de configuração do instrumento, como largura de pulso, tempo de aquisição, resolução de amostragem, entre outros, e como estes parâmetros estão inter-relacionados. Foram realizados testes ópticos com OTDR em um enlace óptico real, com variação dos parâmetros de configuração. Os resultados foram analisados com base no referencial teórico, identificando-se formas de melhor explorar as funcionalidades do modo avançado de configuração.