bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspergillus infection in pulmonary cavitating lesions with right atrial myxoma
Authors: Sharma Divyesh , Dorgan Eileen , Douglas Hannah , Trouton Tom , McMullan Ronan , Parissis Haralabos
Published: October 2013

Cardiac myxomas are rare primary tumors with varied clinical presentations that may pose a diagnostic challenge. Here, we describe the case of a 21-year-old man with multiple cavitating lung lesions with aspergillosis and underlying right atrial myxoma, who presented with hemoptysis and weight loss. He was successfully treated with right atrial myxoma resection and antifungal agents, with no recurrence or complications after one year of follow-up.
Catastrophic complication following heparin therapy
Authors: Pantula Narasinga Rao , Vedula Kartik
Published: October 2013

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare but serious and life-threatening complication of heparin use. We describe the case of a 7-year-old girl with tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia, who developed multiple thrombotic complications following intracardiac repair, requiring below elbow amputation of the left forearm and right forefoot. Our case illustrates the need for greater awareness of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, to prevent the significant morbidity associated with it.
Ascending necrotizing mediastinitis secondary to emphysematous pyelonephritis
Authors: Dajer-Fadel Walid Leonardo , Pichardo-González Martha , Estrada-Ramos Sandra , Palafox Damián , Navarro-Reynoso Francisco Pascual , Argüero-Sánchez Rubén
Published: October 2013

Mediastinal infections usually originate from postoperative complications or in a descending manner from a cervical infectious process; few reports have emerged describing an ascending trajectory. A 56-year-old woman with a Huang class 1 left emphysematous pyelonephritis was referred due to a progression of an ascending necrotizing mediastinitis. A left posterolateral thoracotomy was performed, drainage and thorough lavage were carried out with a successful outcome. We believe this is the first reported case of ascending necrotizing mediastinitis secondary to an emphysematous renal infection.
Hospice support and the transition to adult services and adulthood for young people with life-limiting conditions and their families: A qualitative study
Authors: Kirk Susan , Fraser Claire
Published: October 2013

Background:

Transition to adult services and adulthood is now a prospect for young people with life-limiting conditions requiring palliative care. Little is known about their transition experiences or how children’s hospices can support a young adult population during/following transition.

Aims:

(1) To examine how young people with life-limiting conditions and their parents experience transition. (2) To identify families’ and hospice staff’s perceptions of family support needs during transition. (3) To identify the implications for children’s hospices.

Design:

Qualitative study using in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Analysis used a grounded theory approach.

Setting/participants:

A total of 39 participants recruited from one children’s hospice in the United Kingdom.

Results:

Transition planning was absent or poorly coordinated; for most families, there were no equivalent adult health/social services. Consequently, it was a time of uncertainty and anxiety for families. Moving to a young adult unit was a positive experience for young people as the building/support model recognised their adult status. However, they had unmet needs for emotional support and accessing information/services to realise their aspirations. Parents had unmet emotional needs and were unclear of support available once their children reached adulthood. Staff identified training needs in relation to working with adults, providing emotional support and acting as an advocate/key worker.

Conclusions:

Providing an appropriate building is only one aspect of developing support for young adults. A different model of support is needed, one which promotes young people’s independence and provides emotional support while continuing to support parents and siblings. Hospices could play a role in transition support and coordination.
Pediatric hemiplegic migraine: Role of multiple MRI techniques in evaluation of reversible hypoperfusion
Authors: Bosemani Thangamadhan , Burton Vera J , Felling Ryan J , Leigh Richard , Oakley Christopher , Poretti Andrea , Huisman Thierry AGM
Published: October 2013

Background

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare type of migraine with aura that involves motor weakness. Data on conventional and advanced neuroimaging findings during prolonged attacks of HM are limited, particularly in children.

Case

A 13-year-old-female with a history of migraine had a typical attack of HM characterized by right-sided hemiplegia, deterioration of vigilance and paraphasia. MRI performed 3 hours after hemiplegia onset revealed normal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequences, but perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) showed a large area of hypoperfusion within the left cerebral hemisphere and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) demonstrated a matching area with prominent, hypointense draining sulcal veins. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed subtle narrowing of the left middle cerebral artery. The neuroimaging abnormalities completely resolved 24 hours after the attack onset.

Conclusion

Multiple conventional and advanced MRI techniques including SWI play a key role in an HM attack to (1) exclude acute arterial ischemic stroke and (2) further understand the pathophysiology of HM.
The Ties Among the Notes: The Social Capital of Jazz Musicians in Three Metro Areas
Authors: Dowd Timothy J. , Pinheiro Diogo L.
Published: October 2013

Previous work shows that social capital matters for careers of creative workers, leading to jobs and bolstered income. The authors focus here on factors that may facilitate various types of social capital possessed by jazz musicians and on how the options of building connections may differ for peripheral versus dominant musicians. Among other things, the authors find that both general education and formal music training promote formal social capital but constrain the share of local musicians known; meanwhile, generalism fosters both the share and diversity of local musicians known. Only a few options benefit peripheral musicians, namely union membership and having an agent.
Assessing Bioenergetic Compromise in Autism Spectrum Disorder With 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Golomb Beatrice A. , Erickson Laura C. , Zeeland Ashley A. Scott-Van , Koperski Sabrina , Haas Richard H. , Wallace Douglas C. , Naviaux Robert K. , Lincoln Alan J. , Reiner Gail E. , Hamilton Gavin
Published: October 2013

We sought to examine, via Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) in a case-control design, whether bioenergetic deficits in autism spectrum disorders extend to the brain and muscle. Six cases with autism spectrum disorder with suspected mitochondrial dysfunction (age 6-18 years) and 6 age/sex-matched controls underwent 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The outcomes of focus were muscle resting phosphocreatine and intracellular pH as well as postexercise phosphocreatine recovery time constant and frontal brain phosphocreatine. Intracellular muscle pH was lower in each autism spectrum disorder case than their matched control (6/6, P = .03; P = .0048, paired t test). Muscle phosphocreatine (5/6), brain phosphocreatine (3/4), and muscle phosphocreatine recovery time constant (3/3) trends were in the predicted direction (not all participants completed each). This study introduces 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a noninvasive tool for assessment of mitochondrial function in autism spectrum disorder enabling bioenergetic assessment in brain and provides preliminary evidence suggesting that bioenergetic defects in cases with autism spectrum disorder are present in muscle and may extend to brain.
Poor Wound Healing After Pial Synangiosis in 2 Children With Moyamoya Vasculopathy Associated With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Golomb Meredith R. , Smith Jodi L.
Published: October 2013

Wound healing is a key component of recovery for children with neurologic conditions undergoing neurosurgical procedures. Understanding factors that can impair wound healing aids in planning long-term clinical care. Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 are at risk for vasculopathies in the brain (including moyamoya vasculopathy) and in other organs, including the heart, lung, and skin. Neurofibromatosis 1 is caused by mutations in the gene for neurofibromin, a protein that plays a role in tissue maintenance and repair as well as tumor suppression. The authors report 2 children with neurofibromatosis 1–associated moyamoya vasculopathy who developed significant wound healing complications after pial synangiosis surgery. They discuss possible contributors to these complications, including the role of neurofibromin and the possibility of vasculopathy affecting the skin, and the implications of poor wound healing in pediatric neurology patients.
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Presenting as Schizophrenia With an Alpha Coma Pattern in a Child
Authors: Kartal Ayşe , Kurt Ayşegül Neşe Çitak , Gürkaş Esra , Aydin Kurşad , Serdaroğlu Ayşe
Published: October 2013

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, can present atypically with uncharacteristic electroencephalographic (EEG) features at its onset albeit typically with progressive mental deterioration, behavioral changes, and myoclonic jerks. An atypical presentation of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis can lead to a delay in diagnosis, thus hindering early treatment. Herein, we describe a 14-year-old girl who presented with insomnia, amnesia, auditory and visual hallucinations. The patient’s electroencephalography on admission showed an alpha coma pattern. In spite of antipsychiatric treatment (olanzapine 20 mg/d) for 3 months, a progressive deterioration in neurologic function was observed. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was suspected and diagnosis was confirmed by increased titers of measles antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. The attention of pediatricians should be drawn to psychiatric symptoms as possible initial presentations of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in order to avoid needless diagnostic and treatment procedures.
Effect of N/P ratios on physicochemical stability, cellular association, and gene silencing efficiency for trimethyl chitosan/small interfering RNA complexes
Authors: Liu Xing , Ma Lie , Qin Wenlong , Gao Changyou
Published: October 2013

N,N,N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with 40% quaternization was used as a vector for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. Nano-sized complexes were formed in water by mixing siRNA with TMC; the smallest particle sizes were obtained at a N/P ratio of 10. The complexes had a positive surface charge that increased with increases in the N/P ratio and leveled off at +20 mV with N/P ratios > 10. The majority of particles had a diameter <100 nm under transmission electron microscope (TEM). When the N/P ratio was >10, the binding efficiency of TMC with siRNA was >90%. In 25% fetal bovine serum, the TMC/siRNA complexes with N/P ratios of 10 and 20 were intact for 12 and 48 h, respectively. TMC/siRNA complexes with an N/P ratio > 5 efficiently entered the human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and trapped initially in the lysosomes, which could then relocate in the cytoplasm. Gene silencing, tested by using enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), was reduced to ~60% by the complexes with N/P ratios of 10 and 20. Specific silencing was confirmed by dose dependency and nonsilencing effect of sequence-mismatch siRNA. No significant cytotoxicity was detected for the TMC/siRNA complexes. In this study, the influence of the N/P ratio on TMC/siRNA complexes was systematically investigated and TMC was found to be an effective vector for siRNA delivery using optimized formulations.
Bystander’s Willingness to Report Theft, Physical Assault, and Sexual Assault
Authors: Nicksa Sarah C.
Published: October 2013

This research examines bystander willingness to report three different crimes to the police or campus authorities among a college student sample ( n = 295). Twelve original vignettes varied anonymity when reporting, bystander’s relationship with the offender (friend or stranger), and crime type. A factorial analysis of variance showed that main effects were found for crime type, bystander’s gender, and bystander’s relationship with the offender; anonymity was not significant. The physical assault was the most likely to be reported (4.47), followed by theft (3.26), and sexual assault (2.36). Women were more likely than men to report each crime type, and bystanders who were good friends of the offender were less likely to report than strangers. No two- or three-way interactions were significant, but a significant four-way interaction indicated that anonymity, relationship with the offender, and bystander’s gender predicted willingness to report for the sexual assault scenario.
Decrease in Domestic Violence During Pregnancy
Authors: Bağcıoğlu Erman , Vural Mehmet , Karababa İbrahim Fatih , Akşin Mahmut , Selek Salih
Published: October 2013

Our aim is to evaluate the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) among pregnant women and find out whether several factors were associated with DV or not. A total of 317 pregnant women applied at Sanliurfa Obstetrics Hospital and Harran University obstetrics and gynecology department outpatient clinic were interviewed using the modified form of Abuse Assessment Screen questionnaire. Several clinical and sociodemographic data were also obtained from the participants. Mean pregnancy number per woman (gravida) was 3.62 ± 0.13. 47.3% of women had experienced DV before pregnancy. However, the rate of DV exposure significantly decreased to 10.3% during pregnancy ( p < .001). Participants with positive family history of DV (mother’s exposure) had significantly higher DV rates ( p < .001). Those who were exposed to DV, visited their parents less ( p = .002). The mean body mass index of DV exposed women was significantly lower ( p = .011) than non-DV exposed women. DV exposed women had fewer social interactions and their weight gain may affected by violence. Pregnancy appears to decrease DV in Sanliurfa.
Too Big? Too Small? Just Right? An Empirical Perspective on Local Firm Size Distribution and Economic Growth in U.S. Counties and High-Poverty Rural Regions
Authors: Komarek Timothy M. , Loveridge Scott
Published: October 2013

The authors examine the relationship between the distribution of firms across size categories and economic growth, extending Loveridge and Nizalov’s Michigan results to the United States. Using county-level data, including growth and control variables, the authors explore the relationship between the size distribution of firms and 12-year growth patterns for the continental United States and three multistate high-poverty regions. The results of fixed-effect feasible generalized least squares estimation show a connection between employment growth and the distribution of firms across size categories for the continental United States. The results also show a positive link between employment growth and firm size for Lineal America and the Plantation Belt, but no statistically significant relationship for the Borderlands. The results suggest that policies aimed at promoting small business, while important nationally, may differ in impacts across regions and provide an argument for region-level decision making about growth policies.
Visitor Willingness to Pay U.S. Forest Service Recreation Fees in New West Rural Mountain Economies
Authors: Keske Catherine M. H. , Mayer Adam
Published: October 2013

This study uses a contingent valuation model to evaluate visitors’ stated willingness to pay (WTP) for recreation at Colorado “Fourteeners”: peaks that rise higher than 14,000 feet. The study also assesses the respondents’ self-reported response uncertainty. One scenario queries respondents about a hypothetical situation in which they would pay an entrance fee where 80% of the funds are used on-site, and the degree of certainty with which they answered the question. Like prior articles from this 6-year project (2006-2012), results indicate a high WTP for recreation on Colorado Fourteeners. Results reveal that 62% of respondents are willing to incur an additional fee of $20 or less to recreate at the study site. Regardless of whether or not the respondent is willing to pay an additional fee for recreation, approximately 90% of respondents report a high level of certainty in their stated answers to both the WTP and the fee questions, which could be connected to the recreators’ sense of place on Fourteeners. Therefore, recreators exhibit clear preferences and low uncertainty in their WTP for general cost increases and localized access fees. Implications could have a complex effect on when, if, and how fees should be applied in “New West” economies reliant on revenues from recreation.
The Determinants of Self-Employment Growth
Authors: Goetz Stephan J. , Rupasingha Anil
Published: October 2013

The sustained surge in self-employment since 2000 has largely gone unnoticed by policy makers and economic developers. Here the authors document this surge and identify variables associated with expanding self-employment. Results provide mixed evidence about the importance of capital access to self-employment growth, but reveal that different approaches are needed in different county types depending on their proximity to metro areas and population size, if the goal is to increase future rural self-employment rates. In all county types, the initial share of self-employed predicts self-employment growth, underscoring the importance of a culture favoring entrepreneurship and path dependence. Self-employment earnings and educational attainment also play significant roles, as does the ethnic diversity of the population. Population density matters in both rural and urban counties, but less so within individual rural–urban continuum code categories. State policy, especially labor market freedom, has important effects on self-employment in most county types and periods studied.
Themes in the Career Development of 1.5-Generation Hmong American Women
Authors: Yang Ava
Published: October 2013

This qualitative study examined themes in the career development of 1.5-generation Hmong American women. Twenty participants, residing in two Midwestern states, who came to the United States when they were young and who obtained a bachelor’s degree or higher were interviewed. Participants’ responses were analyzed using principles of inductive analysis and modified consensual qualitative research (CQR). Six domains were identified in participants’ narratives that addressed career conceptualization; self and career actualization; family, cultural, and gender expectations; systems of support; barriers; and resilience. Thirty-one themes under the domains are described and discussed, including implications for continued areas of examination. Participants’ narratives provided valuable insight toward community, educational, and career interventions.
Self-Induced Attentional Blink
Authors: Adamo Stephen H. , Cain Matthew S. , Mitroff Stephen R.
Published: October 2013

Satisfaction of search (which we refer to as subsequent search misses)—a decrease in accuracy at detecting a second target after a first target has been found in a visual search—underlies real-world search errors (e.g., tumors may be missed in an X-ray if another tumor already has been found), but little is known about this phenomenon’s cognitive underpinnings. In the present study, we examined subsequent search misses in terms of another, more extensively studied phenomenon: the attentional blink, a decrease in accuracy when a second target appears 200 to 500 ms after a first target is detected in a temporal stream. Participants searched for T-shaped targets among L-shaped distractors in a spatial visual search, and despite large methodological differences between self-paced spatial visual searches and attentional blink tasks, an attentional-blink-like effect accounted for subsequent-search-miss errors. This finding provides evidence that accuracy is negatively affected shortly after a first target is fixated in a self-paced, self-guided visual search.
Personality Maturation Around the World
Authors: Bleidorn Wiebke , Klimstra Theo A. , Denissen Jaap J. A. , Rentfrow Peter J. , Potter Jeff , Gosling Samuel D.
Published: October 2013

During early adulthood, individuals from different cultures across the world tend to become more agreeable, more conscientious, and less neurotic. Two leading theories offer different explanations for these pervasive age trends: Five-factor theory proposes that personality maturation is largely determined by genetic factors, whereas social-investment theory proposes that personality maturation in early adulthood is largely the result of normative life transitions to adult roles. In the research reported here, we conducted the first systematic cross-cultural test of these theories using data from a large Internet-based sample of young adults from 62 nations ( N = 884,328). We found strong evidence for universal personality maturation from early to middle adulthood, yet there were significant cultural differences in age effects on personality traits. Consistent with social-investment theory, results showed that cultures with an earlier onset of adult-role responsibilities were marked by earlier personality maturation.
Model-based selection of full-scale Wells turbines for ocean wave energy conversion and prediction of their aerodynamic and acoustic performances
Authors: Starzmann Ralf , Carolus Thomas
Published: October 2013

One of the most intensively studied principles of harnessing the energy from ocean waves is the oscillating water column device. The oscillating water column converts the motion of the water waves into a bi-directional airflow, which in turn drives an air turbine. The bi-directional axial Wells turbine as a candidate for oscillating water column power take-off systems was the object of considerable research conducted in the last decades. However, there is a lack of consistent data to support practical design considerations when pre-selecting a turbine for an oscillating water column power plant. Furthermore, to minimize the overall environmental impact of this technology requires the assessment of the aero-acoustic noise associated with a Wells turbine’s operation. The effect of cascade solidity and hub-to-tip ratio on the aero-acoustic performance of Wells turbine rotors is assessed systematically by numerical simulations and model scale testing. Based on the data from the study on these generic design parameters, new Wells turbine design charts were developed. For a given plant site, main machine dimensions are identified and a time domain model is used to predict the annual energy output and the annual equivalent sound power level. Maximum values of total-static peak efficiency and low sound emission can be achieved by selecting moderate values of cascade solidity and hub-to-tip ratio. On the other hand, high hub-to-tip ratio rotors in combination with high solidity are recommended for a maximum range of operation without stall, as the pressure head is varied. The designer of an oscillating water column system usually specifies selected operating conditions on dimensional turbine characteristics. Combinations of suitable rotor diameter and rotational speeds are selected using the design chart approach. When a fully operating, full-scale Wells turbine at fixed speed is assessed, higher cascade solidity maximizes the annual energy output at minimum acoustic emission. The drawback is a slightly larger rotor diameter when, e.g. compared with a lower cascade solidity.
Multidisciplinary design optimization to reduce erosion of blades in a mixed flow fan
Authors: Wang Jian , Wen Suping , Li Ting , Xi Guang
Published: October 2013

This paper presents an anti-erosion design approach of multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) for turbomachinery to improve the erosion resistance of the blades, and its application to the design of an industrial mixed flow fan is given. The method is based on a concept for turbomachinery anti-erosion design in the aerodynamic design stage by modifying the geometry of the turbomachinery. The MDO approach replaces the traditional time consuming design method through automatic analyses of the aerodynamic performance, stress distribution and erosion characteristics, controlled by the optimization strategy. In the MDO approach, a multi-objective optimization algorithm non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II combined with radial basis function meta-model is used to find the compromise between the conflicting demands of high-efficiency and low average erosion rate with constraints on the pressure ratio and the safety factor for the blade; finite element method is used to analyze the static mechanical responses of the blade; a Navier-Stokes solver is used to predict the aerodynamic performance; solid particle paths in a viscous flow are calculated by Lagrangian method, and then the prediction of erosion is performed based on Tabakoff erosion model. Both the aerodynamic and anti-erosion performances of three selected robust optimal solutions on the Pareto front are compared to those of the baseline. The results show that the main reason for the efficiency improvement of the optimized blades is probably the smaller flow separation region and weaker secondary flows. Further comparative analysis between the baseline blade and the compromise blade for the impinging parameters is presented, and the erosion rate of compromise blade can be considerably decreased due to the lower impact velocity, suitable impact angle and fewer impact times in comparison with that of the baseline blade. As a conclusion, it can be drawn that the proposed approach gives a further opportunity for turbomachinery anti-erosion design in consideration of other disciplines, and the methodology presented can be also applied to other turbomachinery and anti-erosion problem by a minor modification.
Holocene and historical vegetation change and fire history on the north-central coast of California, USA
Authors: Anderson R Scott , Ejarque Ana , Brown Peter M , Hallett Douglas J
Published: October 2013

Pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), and charcoal particle stratigraphies are used to determine environmental change at Glenmire, Point Reyes Peninsula, northcentral coastal California, over the last c. 6200 years. Pollen was not preserved in early Holocene sediments when climate was drier than present. However, groundwater tables rose after c. 6200 cal. BP, allowing for greater subsequent preservation of organic matter. Middle and late Holocene environments were a mosaic of vegetation types, including mixed conifer forest with coastal scrub grassland prior to c. 4000 cal. BP. Subsequently, hardwoods such as alder ( Alnus) and coastal scrub (e.g. Artemisia, Baccharis) expanded until c. 2200 cal. BP, followed by tanoak ( Lithocarpus densiflorus), Douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii), and coast redwood ( Sequoia sempervirens). With increasing amounts of oak ( Quercus), this mosaic of vegetation types continued to dominate until the arrival of Euro-Americans in the early to mid-1800s. The fire history is probably tied closely to human settlement, since natural ignitions are rare. Elevated charcoal amounts coincide with increased sedentism of the native populations by about 3500 cal. BP. Increased sedentism may have caused a more intense and constant use of the coastal environment around Glenmire. For the most recent centuries, we compared historical records of explorations, Spanish Mission establishment, consolidation of the native Coast Miwok population, ranching by Mexican nationals, and dairying by Americans at the height of California’s gold rush with the paleoecological record. The Glenmire record thus documents changing fire use following the ad 1793 fire suppression proclamation; declines in native forest species; introductions of non-native species, including those associated with livestock grazing and land disturbance; and an increase in coprophilous fungi (NPPs) associated with the presence of large numbers of sheep and cattle, among other changes. During the historical period, the sedimentary record of historical fires closely matches the nearby fire-scar tree-ring record.
Central nervous system manifestations of neonatal lupus: a systematic review
Authors: Chen CC , Lin K-L , Chen C-L , Wong A May-Kuen , Huang J-L
Published: October 2013

Neonatal lupus is a rare and acquired autoimmune disease. Central nervous system abnormalities are potential manifestations in neonatal lupus. Through a systematic literature review, we analyzed the clinical features of previously reported neonatal lupus cases where central nervous system abnormalities had been identified. Most reported neonatal lupus patients with central nervous system involvement were neuroimaging-determined and asymptomatic. Only seven neonatal lupus cases were identified as having a symptomatic central nervous system abnormality which caused physical disability or required neurosurgery. A high percentage of these neurosymptomatic neonatal lupus patients had experienced a transient cutaneous skin rash and had no maternal history of autoimmune disease before pregnancy.
Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Myers Laura L. , Wiman Allison M.
Published: October 2013

In 1994, binge eating disorder (BED) was introduced as a disorder requiring further study in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition ( DSM-IV). It is now listed as a distinct eating disorder in the DSM-5, along with bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. This article summarizes the information currently available on BED, so social workers will be knowledgeable as they work with clients with obesity, BED, and other eating disorders. Diagnostic criteria for BED are reviewed, as well as changes in the criteria since the diagnosis was first introduced. Prevalence estimates, available assessment instruments, and comorbidity are discussed. An overview of the systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have examined the treatment of clients meeting the criteria for BED is presented, and, finally, questions and issues that have been suggested for future research are offered.
Validation of the Revised BSI-18 With Latino Migrant Day Laborers
Authors: Negi Nalini Junko , Iwamoto Derek Kenji
Published: October 2013

Objective:

This study examines the factor structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18; Derogatis, 2001) in a hard-to-reach population of mainly undocumented migrant Latino day laborers. While, the BSI-18 has been found to be a valid and reliable measure of psychological distress, cross-cultural assessments in sub-groups of Latinos are scarce withthis being the first study to examine the factor structure of the Spanish version of the BSI-18 with this population.

Methods:

A series of principal axis exploratory factor analytic procedures examining one to three-factor models were performed with a street recruited sample of 150 Latino migrant day laborers.

Results:

A one-factor model emerged and four items were dropped due to low factor loadings. The internal consistency coefficients for the 14-item BSI was α = .87.

Conclusions:

Findings suggest that the revised BSI-18 appears to measure a single dimension of general somatic-psychological distress in this sample of Latinos.
Should Social Workers Use Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5?
Authors: Frances Allen , Jones K. Dayle
Published: October 2013

Up until now, social workers have depended on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM) as the primary diagnostic classification for mental disorders. However, the DSM-5 revision includes scientifically unfounded, inadequately tested, and potentially dangerous diagnoses that may lead them to question its integrity and to find alternatives.
The Care of the Actively Dying in an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Powazki Ruth , Walsh Declan , Cothren Brenda , Rybicki Lisa , Thomas Shirley , Morgan Gloria , Karius Diana , Davis Mellar P. , Shrotriya Shiva
Published: October 2013

Background:

Care of the dying is a significant component of nursing practice particularly in hospitals. Nurses who work in certain areas like oncology, intensive care unit (ICU) face the care of the dying, more so than other units.

Objectives:

The survey was conducted to assess nurses' self-perception of their professional capability and comfort in the care of the actively dying. Determine if professional capability and comfort was associated with any of the six demographics characteristics (age, gender, clinical experience, education level, nursing unit, continuing education). Identify areas of clinical challenge to promote educational initiatives to stimulate best nursing practice in the actively dying.

Design:

The survey comprised of two parts: Part I with demographic characteristics and a single open-ended question, Part II with twenty questions on the domains recommended by the NCP.

Results:

Older age and greater clinical experience were associated with greater levels of capability/comfort. Most nurses felt professionally capable and comfortable in domains such as knowledge, physical and psychosocial care but bioethics, communication, cultural, spiritual and bereavement issues challenged ≥ 40%.

Conclusions:

Nurses self-perceived professional capability and comfort levels in caring for the dying were positively influenced by older age, greater clinical experience and extensive continuing education. Bioethics, communication and grief impacted nurses personally and emotionally. Continuing education, organized debriefing, grief-counseling, and preceptors support should be routine for nurses who work in units with predictable high mortality.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Candidate and Designated Proxy Distress Levels Prior to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Duckworth Katharine E. , Forti Allison M. , Russell Gregory B. , Naik Seema , Hurd David D. , McQuellon Richard P.
Published: October 2013

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is associated with a high risk of morbidity, making advance care planning (ACP) essential. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare proxy and HCT candidate distress levels (Distress Thermometer) before (T1) and after (T2) ACP question completion. 79 participants (40 HCT candidates, 39 proxies) rated their distress. The T1, T2 mean distress scores (SD) for HCT candidates were 3.13(2.27), 2.96(2.10); 43% and 38% endorsed clinically significant distress (≥4). Proxies reported 4.21(2.48), 4.33 (2.46); 62% endorsed significant distress at T1, T2. The majority of proxies endorsed distress levels that were clinically significant and comparatively higher (T1 (p = 0.047) and T2 (p = 0.009)) than their paired HCT recipients. Responding to questions about ACP did not increase overall distress ratings.
Mindfulness-Based Supportive Therapy (MBST)
Authors: Beng Tan Seng , Chin Loh Ee , Guan Ng Chong , Yee Anne , Wu Cathie , Jane Lim Ee , Meng Christopher Boey Chiong
Published: October 2013

Objective:

To develop a mindfulness-based palliative psychotherapy to address psychoexistential suffering in palliative care.

Conceptualization:

First, a theory of suffering was formulated by merging 2 models of suffering from 2 thematic analyses of 20 palliative care patients and 15 informal caregivers. Second, the results from a secondary thematic analysis of suffering caused by health care interactions were conceptualized into a psychotherapy framework. Third, principles of mindfulness were incorporated into the framework to form a mindfulness-based psychotherapy.

Results:

Mindfulness-based supportive therapy (MBST) was developed with the following 5 components of presence, listening, empathy, compassion, and boundary awareness.

Conclusion:

We believe that MBST is a potentially useful psychological intervention in palliative care, specifically designed to address psychoexistential suffering of terminally ill patients.
Design Thinking
Authors: Benson Joy , Dresdow Sally
Published: October 2013

Management and professional business education is central to developing human talent that can help organizations be competitive in today’s complex business environment. So the question for management educators is how do we know that graduates have the talent that business needs? Learning outcome assessment has been the process used by colleges of business to answer this question. Good progress has been made in integrating assessment into the culture of business colleges, yet transformative challenges remain. This article presents a preliminary overview of how the spaces of design thinking may be used to enrich the story management programs and colleges of business tell about student learning. The article is not prescriptive nor does it tell the story of how private and not-for-profit organizations use design thinking. Instead, the article considers how focusing on questions, ideas, and integration of stakeholder requirements—a central component of design thinking—can foster creativity and innovation that strengthens how assessment processes are developed so the resulting decisions support substantive change. To assist the reader, the appendix contains an overview of assessment and design thinking terminology.
Association of Parental Awareness of Using Schoolbags With Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Carrying Habits of Schoolchildren
Authors: Dianat Iman , Karimi Mohammad Ali
Published: October 2013

The association between parental awareness of using schoolbags and the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and carrying habits of children was investigated in a cross-sectional study in Tabriz, Iran. Data on 454 students aged 11−14 years and their parents ( n = 358) were analyzed. The awareness of the recommended weight limit, appropriate method of carrying schoolbags, and schoolbag strap adjustments was generally low among the respondents. A higher parental awareness of the schoolbag weight was associated with a lower prevalence of upper back and shoulder complaints among children and carrying loads less than 10% of their body weight. The findings suggest that parental awareness should have a more prominent role in changing the schoolbag carrying habits of children and particularly in reducing the weight of loads carried by them. This highlights the need to incorporate guidelines and recommendations into practice to ensure that the health and safety of schoolchildren are not compromised when using schoolbags.
PNET with neuroendocrine differentiation of the lung
Authors: Barroca Helena , Souto Moura Conceição , Lopes José Manuel , Lisboa Susana , Teixeira Manuel R. , Damasceno Margarida , Bastos Pedro , Sobrinho-Simões Manuel
Published: October 2013

Ewing’s sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) has been the subject of recent reports describing morphologic variants (adamantinoma-like, large cell, spindle cell, sclerosing, clear cell, and vascular-like) of the most classic form, as well as cases displaying unusual morphologic differentiation and atypical immunohistochemical features. We report a case of an uncommon lung tumor in a 20-year-old female, morphologically and molecularly consistent with an Ewing’s sarcoma/PNET tumor with foci of squamous differentiation, and peculiar expression of vimentin, high-molecular-weight keratins, p63, synaptophysin, and chromogranin. This case raises a challenging differential diagnostic problem with therapeutic implications: Should the patient be treated following the protocols for Ewing’s sarcoma/PNET tumors or as for lung carcinoma with neuroendocrine features? The patient we report here was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for Ewing’s sarcoma/PNET according to Euro Ewing 99 study protocol followed by surgery and has no evidence of disease 15 months after the initial diagnosis. This highlights the importance of achieving the correct diagnosis of these atypical tumors using all clinical, morphological, and ancillary methods available to allow for their correct and timely treatment.
Ectopic Complete Hydatidiform Mole Presenting as an Adnexal Tumor in a Postmenopausal Patient
Authors: Stolnicu Simona , Ilyés Ágota , Quiñónez Enoe , Nogales Francisco F.
Published: October 2013

Hydatidiform mole (HM) is rare in postmenopause, with only 7 cases reported. The occurrence of ectopic HM is also rare, with 26 fully documented tubal cases. We are not aware of any reported cases of ectopic HM in a postmenopausal patient. In a 51-year-old patient with 3 years amenorrhea, surgery revealed a necrotic, hemorrhagic mass involving the right peritubal space. Microscopically, chorionic villi were seen within the hemorrhagic mass accompanied by circumferential trophoblast hyperplasia. Immunohistochemically, p57kip2 positive nuclei were prominent in the extravillous (intermediate) trophoblast. The HER2 FISH expression was diploid, consistent with the diagnosis of an early complete HM.
The Impact of the Medicaid Expansions for Pregnant Women: A Synthesis of the Evidence
Authors: Howell Embry M.
Published: October 2013

This article provides a comprehensive review of the published literature on the impact of expanding Medicaid for pregnant women to higher income groups of women. The major expansions took place between April 1987 and July 1989. These studies show evidence that new groups of pregnant women received health insurance coverage through Medicaid, and that some women received improved prenatal care services. The evidence is much weaker that the expansions led to improved birth outcomes. The fact that other parts of the developed world have experienced sustained declines in infant mortality without expansions of health insurance coverage points to the complexity in the origins of poor birth outcomes. It is possible that the benefits from the Medicaid expansions were merely victories in small battles within a much larger war that remains to be won.
Provider Choice and Utility Loss due to Selective Contracting in Rural and Urban Areas
Authors: Fortney John , Thill Jean-Claude , Zhang Mingliang , Duan Naihua , Rost Kathryn
Published: October 2013

An econometric model estimated the disutility of traveling long distances for depression treatment, and simulations calculated the utility loss associated with selective contracting in rural and urban areas. A representative sample of depression patients (n = 106) and all practicing providers (n = 3,710) in Arkansas were identified and the distances between them were calculated. Using discrete choice analysis, patient preferences for provider type and travel distance were estimated. Simulations calculated the utility loss associated with alternative scenarios of selective contracting. Provider type and distance were significant predictors of provider choice. To equate the utility loss associated with selective contracting in rural and urban areas, a slightly higher proportion of rural physicians and a substantially higher proportion of rural mental health specialists must be contracted. To avoid further reductions in geographic access, managed care organizations should contract with a higher proportion of rural providers than urban providers.
Ownership Type and Community Benefits of Women’s Health Centers
Authors: Khoury Amal J. , Weisman Carol S. , Jarjoura Chad M.
Published: October 2013

An important aspect of the changing health care system is the growth of women’s health centers—organizations that design and deliver services to women. This growth has generated interest in the behavior of centers, especially because of increasing awareness of women’s health issues. Using data from the 1994 National Survey of Women’s Health Centers, the authors examined the association between ownership of centers and 12 measures of community benefits, and 296 nonprofit and 108 for-profit centers were compared. Overall, the nonprofits performed better than the for-profits in terms of serving underserved women, delivering comprehensive primary care services, providing training for health professionals and education services for clients and the community, and involving the community in center governance. Among women’s health centers, the results show that ownership matters, and indicate the importance of supporting providers who serve the underserved and developing a standard of community benefits.
Assessing the Assessors
Authors: Reinardy Scott , Crawford Jerry
Published: October 2013

For nearly ninety years, journalism professionals and academics have attempted to develop standards by which to prepare college students for the media industry. For nearly 70 years, the Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications (ACEJMC) has assessed programs based on its standards. This study surveyed administers of ACEJMC accredited programs, asking them to critique the nine standards. Nearly 70 percent of the administrators rated six of the nine standards “good as is.” Forty percent said one standard—Standard 2: Curriculum and Instruction—“needs major changes.” The major issues for administrators included the 80/65 liberal arts requirement. Additional issues included measuring for diversity among students and faculty (Standard 3) and the process for assessing the outcomes of student training (Standard 9).
Variation in Latent Classes of Adult Attention–Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder by Sex and Environmental Adversity
Authors: Ebejer Jane L. , Medland Sarah E. , van der Werf Julius , Lynskey Michael , Martin Nicholas G. , Duffy David L.
Published: October 2013

Objective: The findings of genetic, imaging and neuropsychological studies of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are mixed. To understand why this might be the case we use both dimensional and categorical symptom measurement to provide alternate and detailed perspectives of symptom expression. Method: Interviewers collected ADHD, conduct problems (CP) and sociodemographic data from 3793 twins and their siblings aged 22 to 49 ( M = 32.6). We estimate linear weighting of symptoms across ADHD and CP items. Latent class analyses and regression describe associations between measured variables, environmental risk factors and subsequent disadvantage. Additionally, the clinical relevance of each class was estimated. Results: Five classes were found for women and men; few symptoms, hyperactive-impulsive, CP, inattentive, combined symptoms with CP. Women within the inattentive class reported more symptoms and reduced emotional health when compared to men and to women within other latent classes. Women and men with combined ADHD symptoms reported comorbid conduct problems but those with either inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity only did not. Conclusion: The dual perspective of dimensional and categorical measurement of ADHD provides important detail about symptom variation across sex and with environmental covariates.
Do Service Guarantees Guarantee Greater Market Value?
Authors: Meyer Jeffrey , Gremler Dwayne D. , Hogreve Jens
Published: October 2013

Service guarantees are an important feature of many service offerings because consumers recognize greater risk associated with the purchase of services than with the purchase of goods. Despite substantial service guarantee research in the past two decades though, no extant study has examined the return on service guarantee investments. To fill this gap, the authors examine the effect of a service guarantee on a firm’s market value by identifying new service guarantee announcements, then using these announcements as events in an event study. The results show that simply offering a service guarantee does not result in greater market value, as measured by a change in stock market returns, for the offering firm. Instead, the market value of a service guarantee depends on its scope and the process required to invoke the guarantee. In particular, service guarantees that are specific in scope or automatically invoked lead to significantly greater market value than unconditional or customer-invoked guarantees, respectively. In addition, these differences are moderated by firm size. From a theoretical point of view, this study extends signaling theory to explain the differential effects of service guarantees, depending on their design.