bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accelerated cystogenesis by dietary protein load is dependent on, but not initiated by kidney macrophages
Authors: Sedaka Randee , Huang Jifeng , Yamaguchi Shinobu , Lovelady Caleb , Hsu Jung-Shan , Shinde Sejal , Kasztan Malgorzata , Crossman David K. , Saigusa Takamitsu
Published: July 2023

Background

Disease severity of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is influenced by diet. Dietary protein, a recognized cyst-accelerating factor, is catabolized into amino acids (AA) and delivered to the kidney leading to renal hypertrophy. Injury-induced hypertrophic signaling in ADPKD results in increased macrophage (MФ) activation and inflammation followed by cyst growth. We hypothesize that the cystogenesis-prompting effects of HP diet are caused by increased delivery of specific AA to the kidney, ultimately stimulating MФs to promote cyst progression.

Methods

Pkd1flox/flox mice with and without Cre (CAGG-ER) were given tamoxifen to induce global gene deletion (Pkd1KO). Pkd1KO mice were fed either a low (LP; 6%), normal (NP; 18%), or high (HP; 60%) protein diet for 1 week (early) or 6 weeks (chronic). Mice were then euthanized and tissues were used for histology, immunofluorescence and various biochemical assays. One week fed kidney tissue was cell sorted to isolate tubular epithelial cells for RNA sequencing.

Results

Chronic dietary protein load in Pkd1KO mice increased kidney weight, number of kidney infiltrating and resident MФs, chemokines, cytokines and cystic index compared to LP diet fed mice. Accelerated cyst growth induced by chronic HP were attenuated by liposomal clodronate-mediated MФ depletion. Early HP diet fed Pkd1KO mice had larger cystic kidneys compared to NP or LP fed counterparts, but without increases in the number of kidney MФs, cytokines, or markers of tubular injury. RNA sequencing of tubular epithelial cells in HP compared to NP or LP diet group revealed increased expression of sodium-glutamine transporter Snat3, chloride channel Clcnka, and gluconeogenesis marker Pepck1, accompanied by increased excretion of urinary ammonia, a byproduct of glutamine. Early glutamine supplementation in Pkd1KO mice lead to kidney hypertrophy.

Conclusion

Chronic dietary protein load-induced renal hypertrophy and accelerated cyst growth in Pkd1KO mice is dependent on both infiltrating and resident MФ recruitment and subsequent inflammatory response. Early cyst expansion by HP diet, however, is relient on increased delivery of glutamine to kidney epithelial cells, driving downstream metabolic changes prior to inflammatory provocation.
PEMETAAN DAERAH RAWAN EROSI DENGAN MENNGUNAKAN METODE UNIVERSAL SOIL LOSS EQUATION (USLE) DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Neolaka Elsa Yovanka , Tanesib J. L. , Bernandus Bernandus
Published: July 2023

The research has done about mapping of erosion-prone areas using the USLE method in Kupang city. The purpose of this research is to map erosion-prone areas and determine the potential level of erosion hazard in Kupang city. The parameters used are rain erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope (LS), and land cover (CP). The process of overlaying erosion parameters and calculating the rate of erosion produces erosion hazard map which are categorized into five class, namely very light, light, medium, heavy and very heavy. Very light erosion (<15 tons/ha/year) has the largest area of 104.92 km², light erosion class (15-60 tons/ha/year) with an area of 28.32 km², medium erosion class (60-180 tons/ha/year) with an area of 13.37 km², heavy erosion class (180-480 tons/ha/year) with an area of 2.37 km², and very heavy erosion class (>480 tons/ha/year) has the smallest area of 0.526 km². The level of erosion hazard is very light and light spread throughout the city of Kupang. While the level of medium to very heavy erosion hazard is widely spread in Alak sub-district, especially the villages of Alak, Manutapen, Nunbaun Sabu, Batuplat, Manulai II. In the Maulafa sub-district spread in the villages of Sikumana and Belo. And several points in the villages of Tuak Daun Merah and Liliba, especially in the river area.
CO-INFECTIONS WITH CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS AND DENGUE VIRUS IN AHMEDABAD, INDIA.
Authors: Patel Viral , Maniar Amit , Sodhatar Kinnari , Doshi Jinal , Mehta Nruta , Patel Umang
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Dengue and Chikungunya both are endemic to urban and semi-urban areas of India. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are common vectors
for dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Opportunities for their co-infections are increased due to the feeding behaviour of
mosquitoes in areas where both viruses co-circulate. Clinical features of DENV and CHIKV are similar, so, CHIKV infections may go
undiagnosed in DENV-endemic areas. Reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) provides an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of the co-infections
so that the Patient can be provided medications accordingly. Aims & Objectives: To determine the occurrence of Dengue-chikungunya coinfections in clinical samples received at Green Cross Genetics Lab. Materials and Methods: A retrospective data of dengue-Chikungunya
coinfection detected by RT-PCR at green cross Genetics Lab was collected from June 2021 to December 2022. Results: Out of total 1430 samples
from suspected patients for Dengue and Chikungunya infections, 212 samples were positive for DENV, 618 samples were positive for CHIKV. In
addition to this, 6 samples were co-infected with both DENV and CHIKV. Conclusion: Concurrent infections may result in illness with
overlapping signs and symptoms, making diagnosis and treatment difcult for physicians. Hence, in clinically suspected cases of dengue or
chikungunya fever, it is advisable to test for both viruses by RT-PCR.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR AND SHARE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN CENTRE MANGALLI KECAMATAN PALANGGA KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Nurhayati Tri Apri Sari , Nasaruddin  , Bhakti Prima Findiga Hermuttaqien
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe the application of the think pair and share cooperative learning model in improving social studies learning outcomes for fifth grade students at SDN Center Mangalli. The approach used is a qualitative approach. This type of research is classroom action research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles and each cycle is held in two meetings. Each cycle goes through 4 stages, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, the observation stage, and the reflection stage. The focus of this research is the focus of the process and focus of learning and documentation. The subjects of this study were 25 class V teachers and fifth grade students consisting of 17 male students and 8 female students. In this study, the researcher acted as the executor of the action and the class teacher as the observer. Data analysis techniques are qualitative and quantitative. The results showed that the application of the cooperative learning model type think pair and share in cycle I was 56% (enough) of students who passed with an average student score of 67.6. Then in cycle II there was an increase to 92% (very good) of students who passed with an average student score of 86.4. Based on the analysis of social studies learning outcomes, it can be concluded that there is an increase in social studies learning outcomes of students by using the think pair and share cooperative learning model.
Penerapan Media Boneka Jari Dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Berbicara Anak PAUD Mawar Sebambang Sambas
Authors: Saripah  , Azwar
Published: July 2023

Basically, children are born naturally, and have their own identity. The language that children have is still vulnerable in not being clear. And this needs to be improved for language development towards adulthood. Learning for early childhood should be fun and not boring. So that children are comfortable in the learning process. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research type with the aim of describing the development of early childhood speech skills at PAUD Mawar Sebambang through the medium of finger puppets. The subjects of this study were group A children and the teachers of the Mawar Sebambang PAUD class. Data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of research on the application of finger puppet media in developing the speaking skills of early childhood at Mawar Sebambang PAUD show that children are more active when learning activities, especially speaking activities with finger puppet media. It is easier for teachers to interact with children when using finger puppet media as a support in the process of learning activities.
Dalam Kaitannya Akuntansi Rumah Tangga, Menyoroti Keluarga Muslim
Authors: Kaswarhiena Areena , Rahmayanti Riska , Nurazizah Nurazizah
Published: July 2023

Accounting practices are appealing to be studied in a family which is the smallest unit in society. The economic activities of the family have unwittingly demonstrated accounting practices. The purpose of this study is to reveal these practices and assist in the preparation of financial reporting as in the concept of accounting This research is qualitative with a case study approach. the location of the research was in Parepare, South Sulawesi. The Informants were Muslim families who had children where both parents worked. The data collected was then analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The result of the research discloses that receipts and expenditures of the familiy can be prepared according to accounting cycle starting from transaction recording, classification until preparation of financial statements. The types of transactions obtained from Islamic family during preparing the financial statements are cash, account receivable, equity, revenue, family expenditure, zakat, Infaq, Shadaqah expenditure as well as capital expenditure.
Perlindungan Hak Konsumen dalam Layanan e-Commerce melalui Sistem COD: Elaborasi dalam Kerangka Hukum Islam
Authors: Illa Nabillah  , Euis Fajriyah  , Firdaus
Published: July 2023

Online buying and selling are a form of buying and selling activity that has its own characteristics, which utilizes the internet. Such conditions are very favorable to consumers on the one hand, because they provide an opportunity to have many choices in obtaining goods and services. After all, violations of consumer rights are possible. Therefore, it is necessary to protect consumer rights in buying and selling online. This study aims to analyze the protection of consumer rights in e-Commerce services through the COD system at JNE Galagamba-Ciwaringin-Cirebon and its elaboration within the framework of Islamic law. This research is a qualitative research with data collection using observation techniques, documentation, and interviews. Protection of consumer rights in e-commerce transactions through the COD system carried out at JNE Galagamba-Ciwaringin-Cirebon is basically in accordance with Islamic law because there are khiyar rights, namely the return of goods and funds.  delivery of goods with the COD system where it has been carried out according to the procedure for customers who order online.
Scheitern mit Ansage
Authors: Hugo Pascal
Published: July 2023

Zwei Drittel der EU-Mitglieder werden die Ziele der EU im Bereich der Kreislaufwirtschaft aller Voraussicht nach nicht erreichen. Hat das wirklich jemanden überrascht?
Types Of Speech Act Performed By Private In The Movie "Penguin Of Madagascar"
Authors: Nanang Chusnul Ma'arif
Published: July 2023

This purpose of this research is to identify and elaborate the speech acts that are utilized in the animated movie Penguin of Madagascar to the understanding of language function, alongside to point out the manifestation of speech acts adoption either in the real life or fiction dialogues. This study employed qualitative approach in which the research object contained the dialogues in the movies. The data were collected from an observation which is done by watching Penguin of Madagascar and then were distinguished Private dialogues according to the speech act distinguishment. The research outcome refers to the result that there are myriads of speech acts functions in the movie which applied from the language functions. The acts of speech itself were classified into expressive, representative, directive, commissive, declaration. The implementation of acts of speech functions is done by utilizing the dialogues of Private inside Penguin of Madagascar as a tool to manifest the language function and manifestation to the speech acts itself.
Preface: 4th International Conference on Educational Reform, Management Science and Sociology (ERMSS 2023)
Authors: Coleridge Antonia , Tong Fuyu
Published: July 2023

2023 4th International Conference on Educational Reform, Management Science and Sociology (ERMSS 2023) was successfully held online during January 7-8, 2023 in Detroit, USA. This conference aims to become a springboard for research, innovation and entrepreneur sharing several key technological developments and emerging applications of informatization in education technology, information management, engineering management, business management and public management.

ERMSS 2023 invited scholars and experts in related fields from various universities to participate in the review and guidance of this conference. The conference focuses on the latest research fields, and aims to provide an international cooperation and exchange platform for experts, scholars and business managers to share their research achievements, discuss the key challenges and research directions of the development, and jointly promote the industrialization cooperation and continuous innovation of international academic achievements. This collection of proceedings compiles oral and paper presentations submitted by the authors and scrutinized by the special committee.

Organizing Committees of ERMSS

Detroit, USA
Problemas de categorización ontológica de las concepciones de diferencia de potencial y fem en alumnos universitarios
Authors: Pocovi Marta Cecilia , Hoyos Elena
Published: July 2023

En este artículo se presenta un estudio sobre las concepciones de un grupo de alumnos universitarios acerca de los conceptos de diferencia de potencial (ddp) y fuerza electromotriz (fem). Dicho estudio se lleva a cabo mediante el uso de la metodología de Estudio de Caso y el análisis de datos llevado a cabo mediante el método de Codificación y Análisis de Contenido. La encuesta fue diseñada para revelar las características ontológicas de sus concepciones. Los participantes en esta investigación son la totalidad de los alumnos que estaban cursando una asignatura de electromagnetismo básico de nivel universitario. Las explicaciones de los estudiantes revelan categorizaciones ontológicas incorrectas de estos conceptos o la asignación de atributos ontológicos falsos. Este análisis arroja alguna luz acerca de posibles estrategias de enseñanza que pueden ser diseñadas para lograr el cambio conceptual, teniendo en cuenta las dificultades asociadas a la categorización ontológica incorrecta de los conceptos.
La construction en actes du sujet : l’exemple de la division
Authors: Guiet-Silvain Jeanne
Published: July 2023

A partir d’une recherche dans le cadre de ma thèse sous la direction de Gérard Vergnaud (1994), nous avions noté au début de mes observations, des différences et des ressemblances dans l’exécution de la division chez des élèves de fin d’école élémentaire et du début du collège. Mes analyses ont alors décrit et expliqué leur organisation cognitive grâce à des méthodes statistiques, rendant compte de stratégies comportementales, sur lesquelles se manifestent les conceptions et les pertinences accordées aux situations par le sujet. Certains processus de modélisation, ici étudiés, font appel aux analyses implicatives et à celles des similarités qui permettent, en effet, d’identifier des conceptions cohérentes individuelles et collectives au niveau des groupes étudiés. Nous insisterons ici sur la portée théorique majeure de la notion de schème de Gérard Vergnaud, s’appuyant ici sur des travaux statistiques exprimant en partie l’organisation cognitive du sujet.
Radio Frequency Identification Based Ration Distribution System
Authors: M Geetha
Published: July 2023

Ration card plays a vital role for the household details such as to get gas connection, family member details, it acts as address proof etc. In this paper, we have proposed a smart ration card system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technique and IoT to prevent the malpractices and corruption in the current ration distribution system. In this system conventional ration card will be replaced by a unique RFID tag. This RFID tag will be verified at the fair price shop for the authentication of the user. The user’s identity will be verified by microcontroller which is connected to an Amazon Web Services (AWS) database. For added security One Time Password (OTP) is also sent to user’s registered mobile number which needs to be entered in the system. If user is found to be authentic then monthly quota of the ration available for the user is displayed. After successful transaction the database will be updated stating the ration content delivered to the user. This system will require very less human efforts for operation and is also very secure. By implementing this system government can keep track of all the delivered ration content very easily. Keywords- RFID; IoT, Microcontroller, AWS, OTP
Aspectos econômico-financeiros da produção o de café convencional e de café especial
Authors: Marcomini Gilson Rogério
Published: July 2023

O café desempenha um papel de extrema importância no país. O Brasil é o maior produtor do fruto no mundo. Cerca de 10% do comércio mundial de café é formado pelos cafés especiais, que são assim chamados porque possuem algum tipo de diferenciação. Assim, este trabalho procura investigar se, comparada à produção de café convencional, a produção de café especial oferece retornos financeiros atrativos a seus produtores. Para isso, foram analisadas quatro empresas produtoras do fruto, com o objetivo de verificar se é vantajoso investir na produção de café especial ou se o melhor é continuar apostando na produção de café convencional.
Factores de riesgo asociados a bronquiolitis en pacientes menores de 2 años en el hospital apoyo Nazca en el periodo enero – julio 2019
Authors:   , Cóndor Bendezú Carlos Alexander
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados en el desarrollo de bronquiolitis en pacientes menores de 2 años atendidos en el Hospital Apoyo Nazca en el periodo enero – julio, 2019. Metodología: La no lactancia materna exclusiva está asociada al desarrollo de bronquiolitis en menores de 2 años atendidos en el Hospital Apoyo Nazca en el periodo enero – julio, 2019, con 0.1% de error se afirma que la no lactancia materna exclusiva es un riesgo para presentar bronquiolitis. El bajo peso al nacer es un factor de riesgo asociado a bronquiolitis en menores de 2 años atendidos en el Hospital Apoyo Nazca en el periodo enero – julio, 2019, con 4.7% de error se afirma que el peso bajo al nacer es un riesgo para presentar bronquiolitis. La edad materna es un factor de riesgo asociado a bronquiolitis en menores de 2 años atendidos en el Hospital Apoyo Nazca en el periodo enero – julio, 2019, con 2.9% de error se afirma que el proceder de una madre con menos de 20 años es un riesgo para presentar bronquiolitis. Conclusión: La no lactancia materna exclusiva, el nacer con bajo peso y nacer de madre adolescente son factores que se asocian al desarrollo de bronquiolitis.
Educación ambiental en los residuos sólidos urbanos en el Boulevard 325 Chincha 2021
Authors:   , Roca Delgado Alexandra Jimena
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación titulada “Educación Ambiental en los Residuos Sólidos Urbanos en el Boulevard 325 chincha 2021”. El objetivo principal de la presente investigación fue determinar de qué manera la educación ambiental se relaciona con los residuos sólidos urbanos en el boulevard chincha en el año 2021, para lo cual se han investigado las bases sobre la educación ambiental y del mismo modo sobre los residuos sólidos urbanos en todas sus dimensiones. El tipo de investigación básica aplicada, descriptiva orientada a la descripción, cuya muestra estuvo constituida por los 30 restaurantes que conforman el Boulevard 325, para la recolección de datos se empleó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, aplicados a los Restaurantes que conforman el Boulevard 325 del Distrito de Chincha Alta, obteniendo como resultado principal que el 33.3% de los encuestados presenta cierto nivel de conocimiento sobre Educación ambiental en los residuos sólidos urbanos, según las respuestas obtenidas, el 43.3% de los encuestados, según sus respuesta indican que siempre han conocido el correcto manejo de los residuos sólidos, el 70% de los encuestados conocen sobre sus derechos y responsabilidades para con el medio ambiente, el 46.7% de los encuestados consideran que la calidad ambiental representa un factor importante en el desarrollo de las personas. Validando así la hipótesis principal, existe una relación positiva y significativa entre la educación ambiental con los residuos sólidos urbanos en el boulevard 325 chincha alta 2021.
Política criminal y su influencia en la lucha contra la micro comercialización de drogas por adolescentes en conflicto con la ley penal en el distrito de Lurín, 2018 -2019
Authors:   , Alcantara Perez Cecilia De Lourdes
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo principal determinar la manera en que influye la política criminal en la lucha contra la micro comercialización de drogas cometida por adolescentes en conflicto con la ley penal en el distrito de Lurín, para lo cual se formuló una investigación de tipo cualitativo, retrospectiva, descriptiva, aplicada, que contó con la participación de 15 especialistas en las distintas disciplinas participantes en el abordaje de la problemática adolescente involucrada en acciones dolosas en la micro comercialización de drogas, a quienes se aplicaron sendas entrevistas para establecer la situación de los adolescentes y mejorar su tratamiento. Se observó que los adolescentes más proclives al delito son de entre 14 y 17 años, que la participación es intensa y de manera creciente y que existen acciones fiscales, policiales e interventoras desde el trabajo social y los centros de rehabilitación donde son destinados los infractores. Se observa principalmente una acción represiva y en segundo plano una acción socializadora o educativa, considerando que esto debe invertirse. Se aprecia una acción interventora en la lucha contra la criminalidad adolescente efectiva, pero que la cruda situación delictiva supera, porque no se han atacado las raíces del delito e infracción adolescente en materia de comercialización de drogas. Se recomienda formular planes de acción e intervención preventiva y educadora entre adolescentes a nivel familiar y ámbito educativo.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Arsip Berbasis Mobile Untuk Pencarian Dokumen pada Gudang Arsip di CV Santoni Sukabumi
Authors: Kibtiyah Khadijah , Somantri
Published: July 2023

PKL atau praktek kerja lapangan adalah sebuah wadah bagi mahasiswa/i untuk menerapkan teori yang diterima selama proses pembelajaran di perkuliahan dan dituangkan kedalam dunia kerja yang sebenarnya. Terkait hal tersebut, maka dari ilmu yang diperoleh di bangku pekuliahaan dapat secara langsung dipraktekan pada instansi swasta CV Santoni, Alasan melakukan Praktek Kerja Lapangan di CV Santoni ini ialah perusahaan yang bergelut pada bidang kontraktor memerlukan aplikasi untuk mencari dokumen arsip hasil sebuah proyek yang sudah dilakukan. oleh sebab itu judul dari penelitian ini "Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Arsip Berbasis Mobile Untuk Kemudahan Dalam Pencarian Dokumen Pada Gudang Arsip Di CV Santoni Sukabumi" penulis pilih Dalam membangun aplikasi android ini metode yang digunakan ialah RAD Prototyping untuk melakukan tahap-tahap kerangka kerja membangun aplikasi ini. Hasil dari penelinitian ada beberapa poin yaitu Pengumpulan Data Observasi yang dilakukan di Kantor CV Santoni. Analisis Modeling dengan menggunakan Usecase Diagram dimana rangkaian Tindakan yang dilakukan oleh system, actor mewakili user atau system lainnya yang berinteraksi dengan sitem yang dimodelkan. Desain modelling mempunyai tujuan ialah melakukan perancangan sistem berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Implementasi antar muka adalah menerjemahkan layout yang sudah dibuat. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari pembuatan Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Arsip Berbasis Mobile dengan nama aplikasi yaitu DocARSIP Untuk Kemudahan Dalam Pencarian Dokumen Pada Gudang Arsip Di CV Santoni Sukabumi ini adalah aplikasi ini dapat menampilkan sub bidang pekerjaan dengan acuan dari dokumen NIB perusahaan CV Santoni. Aplikasi ini juga memberikan keterangan letak dimana dokumen yang diperlukan saat melakukan pencarian.
Why Innovations in Art and Culture Matters in the Quest for Solutions to the Global Environmental and Biodiversity Crises: Introducing the Journal of Innovations in Art and Culture for Nature Conservation and Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Adom Dickson
Published: July 2023

Global communities are facing serious environmental and biodiversity crises. The prevailing condition is threatening the existence of life on Earth. There is a need to proffer solutions from diverse academic disciplines to salvage this environmental threat that keeps escalating every day. This editorial paper is aimed at introducing the Journal of Innovations in Art and Culture for Nature Conservation and Environmental Sustainability (JINCES) with the overarching goal of promoting discourse between scholars working in the interdisciplinary, intradisciplinary, and multidisciplinary fields of art, culture, environmental sustainability, and nature conservation. The work relies on studies in innovation by demonstrating that art and culture are significant components in offering proactive solutions to the global environmental and biodiversity crises. We conducted a scoping review that largely relied on the published works of the authors, who are the editors of the journal, on the nexus between art, culture, and nature/environmental conservation while involving the loud voices in this field to join the discourse. The editorial discusses the need for artists and cultural experts to be innovative while transcending beyond their usual silo roles of awareness creation to collaborative practical projects with other scholars to forge more fortified weapons to ameliorate all forms of nature and environmental degradation. Our position is that it is only when scholars in art and culture become innovative would they be able to find a more robust approach to saving the environment and its rich biodiversity resources.
The Effect of Plant-based Insecticides Contains Active Eugenol and Azadirachtin on Immune System of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Yustiati Ayi , Masyitoh Syifa , Grandiosa Roffi , Herawati Titin , Bari Ichsan Nurul , Suryadi Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina
Published: July 2023

This study aims to investigate the toxicity effects of plant-based insecticides containing eugenol and azadirachtin on the immune system of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Several immunological parameters, including white blood cell count, red blood cell count, stress response, and macroscopic clinical symptoms, were examined [1]. The study was conducted from September to October 2022 at the Ciparanje Inland Fisheries Hatchery, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. This study employed a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. The observation period encompassed the measurement of red and white blood cell counts, stress response, and macroscopic clinical symptoms for the initial 14 days. Leukocyte and erythrocyte counts were assessed before and after insecticide exposure on days 3, 7, 10, and 14. Data analysis involved the utilization of quantitative descriptive analysis for red and white blood cell counts. Exposure to plant-based insecticides containing eugenol and azadirachtin resulted in a suppression of the immune system in common carp fry. However, the insecticide treatment with a concentration of 64 ppm (Treatment F) remained safe for common carp. The highest count of white blood cells was observed in Treatment F (64 ppm) on day 3, while the lowest count was recorded in Treatment A (control). Treatment A (control) also exhibited the highest count of red blood cells, whereas Treatment F (64 ppm) displayed the lowest count. Thus, plant-based insecticides with a concentration of 64 ppm can still be safely utilized in common carp.
Ligand‐Induced Cation–π Interactions Enable High‐Efficiency, Bright, and Spectrally Stable Rec. 2020 Pure‐Red Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhang Jibin , Cai Bo , Zhou Xin , Yuan Fanglong , Yin Chunyang , Wang Heyong , Chen Hongting , Ji Xinzhen , Liang Xiangfei , Shen Chao , Wang Yu , Ma Zhuangzhuang , Qing Jian , Shi Zhifeng , Hu Zhangjun , Hou Lintao , Zeng Haibo , Bai Sai , Gao Feng
Published: July 2023

Achieving high‐performance perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with pure‐red electroluminescence for practical applications remains a critical challenge because of the problematic luminescence property and spectral instability of existing emitters. Herein, high‐efficiency Rec. 2020 pure‐red PeLEDs, simultaneously exhibiting exceptional brightness and spectral stability, based on CsPb(Br/I)3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) capping with aromatic amino acid ligands featuring cation–π interactions, are reported. It is proven that strong cation–π interactions between the PbI6‐octahedra of perovskite units and the electron‐rich indole ring of tryptophan (TRP) molecules not only chemically polish the imperfect surface sites, but also markedly increase the binding affinity of the ligand molecules, leading to high photoluminescence quantum yields and greatly enhanced spectral stability of the CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs. Moreover, the incorporation of small‐size aromatic TRP ligands ensures superior charge‐transport properties of the assembled emissive layers. The resultant devices emitting at around 635 nm demonstrate a champion external quantum efficiency of 22.8%, a max luminance of 12 910 cd m−2, and outstanding spectral stability, representing one of the best‐performing Rec. 2020 pure‐red PeLEDs achieved so far.
Estimating reliability for evaluating nitrate accumulation in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) inbred A‐lines
Authors: Ralston Shayln R. , Rooney William L. , Boerman Nicholas A.
Published: July 2023

Sorghum is an important forage crop in many cropping systems. Nitrate can accumulate in the vegetative plant tissue to levels high enough that result in fatality when fed to ruminant livestock when grown under high nitrate conditions. If variation among inbred lines can be documented for nitrate concentration, it may be possible to reduce nitrate accumulation within forage sorghum hybrids by selecting inbred lines having lower nitrate accumulation. The goal of this study was to evaluate a diverse set of male‐sterile sorghum inbred lines grown under high nitrate conditions, to observe if genotypic variation exists among lines used to produce forage sorghum hybrids. Forty replicates of 20 sorghum A‐lines were grown in a greenhouse and received either 272 kg ha−1 or 408 kg ha−1 of actual nitrogen per plant through applications of ammonium nitrate. Variance components were extracted from linear regression models and reliability was estimated on an entry‐mean basis. Leaf and stem reliability estimates were 0.95 and 0.93, respectively. These reliability estimates indicate the genetic variance comprised most of the phenotypic variance, and that our measurements were consistent. Significant differences were also observed between genotypes for both leaf and stem tissue. Therefore, sufficient genetic variance exists for developing male sterile sorghum inbred lines having leaf nitrate concentrations below the potentially lethal toxicity threshold of 10,000 μg g−1.
L5 spondylolysis: Anatomical study comparing healed and unhealed lesions
Authors: Grayson Viktoriya S. , Couldwell Mitchell W. , Shekhawat Devendra , Chaiyamoon Arada , Cardona Juan J. , Keshavarzi Sassan , Iwanaga Joe , Dumont Aaron S. , Tubbs R. Shane
Published: July 2023

The anatomy and pathogenesis of spondylolysis has been widely studied; however, the microanatomy of spondylolysis of the lumbar vertebra has not been well described. Therefore, we aim to better elucidate this anatomy. Twenty dry bone specimens of healed and unhealed spondylolysis of the L5 vertebra were collected from human skeletal remains. Twelve L5 vertebrae were examples of unhealed spondylolysis and eight specimens exhibited a healed (i.e., bony fusion of the lesion) spondylolysis lesion. The specimens underwent macro and microanatomical analysis followed by CT and microCT imaging. Finally, selected healed and unhealed lesions were submitted for histological analysis using Mason Trichrome staining. The pars interarticularis of two L5 vertebrae without signs of healed/unhealed spondylolysis were evaluated histologically as controls. Of the 12 unhealed L5 pars defects, three were unilateral on left side. Of the eight healed pars defects, all were unilateral and seven of these were on left sides. One unilateral pars defect also had spina bifida occulta. Both on imaging and histological analysis, healed pars defects were only so superficially and not at deeper levels. Histologically, unhealed edges were made up of dense cortical bone while healed edges were made up primarily of trabecular bone. Based on our anatomical findings, the so‐called healed spondylolysis lesions, although externally fused, are not thoroughly fused internally. Moreover, the anterior and posterior edges of the unhealed spondylosysis lesions are irregular and show signs of long‐term disarticulation. Taken together, these data suggest that such ‘healed’ lesions might not be as stable as the normal L5 pars interarticularis.
Reconceptualizing emotion regulation and coping strategy usage in eating disorders research: The utility of a regulatory flexibility framework
Authors: Dougherty Elizabeth N. , Bottera Angeline R. , Haedt‐Matt Alissa A. , Wildes Jennifer E.
Published: July 2023

Emotion regulation and coping strategies are often conceptualized in eating disorder (ED) research as inherently adaptive or maladaptive, and successful regulation is often defined as greater overall use of adaptive strategies. However, recent empirical work outside of the field of EDs challenges this categorical conceptualization of strategies, demonstrating that adaptiveness is determined by the ability to flexibly implement and adjust strategies based on contextual demands (i.e., regulatory flexibility). Despite evidence that emotion regulation and coping strategies are best conceptualized in terms of flexibility in the broader literature, few ED studies have adopted this model. We review the current conceptual framework of emotion regulation and coping strategies used in ED research and present regulatory flexibility as an alternative approach to conceptualizing these strategies. The lack of research on regulatory flexibility among individuals with EDs limits our understanding of the role of emotion regulation and coping difficulties in ED risk and maintenance. Adopting a regulatory flexibility model of strategies in EDs may extend knowledge of the role of emotion regulation difficulties in the development and maintenance of EDs. We highlight the potential utility of investigating regulatory flexibility and present recommendations for future research on regulatory flexibility in EDs.

Public Significance Statement

Research on emotion regulation and coping strategy usage in eating disorders often view regulatory strategies as inherently adaptive or maladaptive. However, recent studies support defining strategies in terms of flexibility. Adopting a regulatory flexibility model of strategies in eating disorders research may advance knowledge of the role of emotion regulation difficulties in the development and maintenance of eating disorders, ultimately enhancing prevention and treatment efforts.
Conservation implications of a mismatch between data availability and demographic impact
Authors: Nicol‐Harper Alex , Doncaster C. Patrick , Hilton Geoff M. , Wood Kevin A. , Ezard Thomas H. G.
Published: July 2023

Cost‐effective use of limited conservation resources requires understanding which data most contribute to alleviating biodiversity declines. Interventions might reasonably prioritise life‐cycle transitions with the greatest influence on population dynamics, yet some contributing vital rates are particularly challenging to document. This risks managers making decisions without sufficient empirical coverage of the spatiotemporal variation experienced by the species. Here, we aimed to explore whether the number of studies contributing estimates for a given life‐stage transition aligns with that transition's demographic impact on population growth rate, λ. We parameterised a matrix population model using meta‐analysis of vital rates for the common eider (Somateria mollissima), an increasingly threatened yet comparatively data‐rich species of seaduck, for which some life stages are particularly problematic to study. Female common eiders exhibit intermittent breeding, with some established breeders skipping one or more years between breeding attempts. Our meta‐analysis yielded a breeding propensity of 0.72, which we incorporated into our model with a discrete and reversible ‘nonbreeder’ stage (to which surviving adults transition with a probability of 0.28). The transitions between breeding and nonbreeding states had twice the influence on λ than fertility (summed matrix‐element elasticities of 24% and 11%, respectively), whereas almost 15 times as many studies document components of fertility than breeding propensity (n = 103 and n = 7, respectively). The implications of such mismatches are complex because the motivations for feasible on‐the‐ground conservation actions may be different from what is needed to reduce uncertainty in population projections. Our workflow could form an early part of the toolkit informing future investment of finite resources, to avoid repeated disconnects between data needs and availability thwarting evidence‐led conservation.
The impact of COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place policy responses on excess mortality
Authors: Agrawal Virat , Cantor Jonathan , Sood Neeraj , Whaley Christopher
Published: July 2023

As a way of slowing COVID‐19 transmission, many countries and U.S. states implemented shelter‐in‐place (SIP) policies. However, the effects of SIP policies on public health are a priori ambiguous. Using an event study approach and data from 43 countries and all U.S. states, we measure changes in excess deaths following the implementation of COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place (SIP) policies. We do not find that countries or U.S. states that implemented SIP policies earlier had lower excess deaths. We do not observe differences in excess deaths before and after the implementation of SIP policies, even when accounting for pre‐SIP COVID‐19 death rates.
Inflammatory cytokines in maternal serum between women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy
Authors: Hakeem Lawal Adewale , Bello Yusuf Olatunji , Obajimi Gbolahan O. , Onifade Abdul Fatai Adekunle , Ahmed Bolaji , Arowojolu Ayodele O. , Morhason‐Bello Imran Oludare
Published: July 2023

Objective

To compare the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy.

Methods

This study was a longitudinal study. Consenting women with normal pregnancy and those admitted on account of threatened miscarriage at an estimated gestational age of 6–10 weeks were included in the study. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and the anti‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐13 were measured at the diagnosis of threatened miscarriage (baseline) and in the 13th week of pregnancy. The χ2 test of association was used to examine the relationship between the pregnancy type and demographic characteristics; clinical history and gynecologic history. Student t test was used to compare the selected cytokine between women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy.

Results

There was a significantly higher IL‐2 (P = 0.033), IFN‐γ (P < 0.001), and IL‐13 (P < 0.001) in women with threatened miscarriage than in women with normal pregnancy at the baseline. At the follow up, the results revealed a significantly higher IFN‐γ level (P < 0.001) and IL‐4 (P = 0.019) in women with threatened miscarriage than in women with normal pregnancies.

Conclusion

Proinflammatory cytokine profiles were associated with a higher risk of threatened miscarriage.
Frameworks, guidelines, and tools to develop a learning health system for Indigenous health: An environmental scan for Canada
Authors: Rice Emma , Mashford‐Pringle Angela , Qiang Jinfan , Henderson Lynn , MacLean Tammy , Rhoden Justin , Simms Abigail , Stutz Sterling
Published: July 2023

Introduction

First Nations, Inuit, and Métis (FNIM) peoples experience systemic health disparities within Ontario's healthcare system. Learning health systems (LHS) is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary area with the potential to address these inequitable health outcomes through a comprehensive health system that draws on science, informatics, incentives, and culture for ongoing innovation and improvement. However, global literature is in its infancy with grounding theories and principles still emerging. In addition, there is inadequate information on LHS within Ontario's health care context.

Methods

We conducted an environmental scan between January and April 2021 and again in June 2022 to identify existing frameworks, guidelines, and tools for designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating an LHS.

Results

We found 37 relevant sources. This paper maps the literature and identifies gaps in knowledge based on five key pillars: (a) data and evidence‐driven, (b) patient‐centeredness, (c) system‐supported, (d) cultural competencies enabled, and (e) the learning health system.

Conclusion

We provide recommendations for implementation accordingly. The literature on LHS provides a starting point to address the health disparities of FNIM peoples within the healthcare system but Indigenous community partnerships in LHS development and operation will be key to success.
Pentafluorophenyl vinyl ketone: Synthesis, radical polymerization, copolymerization, and polymer degradation under ultra‐violet irradiation
Authors: Kaletina Polina M. , Vinogradov Andrey S. , Shaparenko Nikita O. , Parkhomenko Dmitriy A. , Shundrina Inna K. , Mezhenkova Tatyana V. , Bagryanskaya Elena G.
Published: July 2023

In this study, we report the synthesis of a new fluorinated vinyl monomer, that is, pentafluorophenyl vinyl ketone [1‐(pentafluorophenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one], its radical polymerization and copolymerization with styrene, methyl vinyl ketone, or phenyl vinyl ketone. The obtained homo‐ and co‐polymers were subjected to thermal analysis, contact angle measurement, and an assay of resistance to UV irradiation. The results showed that the poly(pentafluorophenyl vinyl ketone) has a slightly greater contact angle and a lower temperature of the maximum decomposition rate when compared to the nonfluorinated analog: poly(phenyl vinyl ketone).
Towards a co‐crediting system for carbon and biodiversity
Authors: Tedersoo Leho , Sepping Jaan , Morgunov Alexey S. , Kiik Martin , Esop Kristiina , Rosenvald Raul , Hardwick Kate , Breman Elinor , Purdon Rachel , Groom Ben , Venmans Frank , Kiers E. Toby , Antonelli Alexandre
Published: July 2023

Societal Impact Statement

Humankind is facing both climate and biodiversity crises. This article proposes the foundations of a scheme that offers tradable credits for combined aboveground and soil carbon and biodiversity. Multidiversity—as estimated based on high‐throughput molecular identification of soil meiofauna, fungi, bacteria, protists, plants and other organisms shedding DNA into soil, complemented by acoustic and video analyses of aboveground macrobiota—offers a cost‐effective method that captures much of the terrestrial biodiversity. Such a voluntary crediting system would increase the quality of carbon projects and contribute funding for delivering the Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

Carbon crediting and land offsets for biodiversity protection have been developed to tackle the challenges of increasing greenhouse gas emissions and the loss of global biodiversity. Unfortunately, these two mechanisms are not optimal when considered separately. Focusing solely on carbon capture—the primary goal of most carbon‐focused crediting and offsetting commitments—often results in the establishment of non‐native, fast‐growing monocultures that negatively affect biodiversity and soil‐related ecosystem services. Soil contributes a vast proportion of global biodiversity and contains traces of aboveground organisms. Here, we outline a carbon and biodiversity co‐crediting scheme based on the multi‐kingdom molecular and carbon analyses of soil samples, along with remote sensing estimation of aboveground carbon as well as video and acoustic analyses‐based monitoring of aboveground macroorganisms. Combined, such a co‐crediting scheme could help halt biodiversity loss by incentivising industry and governments to account for biodiversity in carbon sequestration projects more rigorously, explicitly and equitably than they currently do. In most cases, this would help prioritise protection before restoration and help promote more socially and environmentally sustainable land stewardship towards a ‘nature positive’ future.
Finite‐time dissipative control of fuzzy distributed parameter CPSs with quantization under cyber attacks
Authors: Li Teng‐Fei , Ding Liming , Chang Xiao‐Heng , Park Ju H.
Published: July 2023

The finite‐time dissipative control for a class of nonlinear distributed parameter Cyber‐Physical Systems (CPSs) is studied in this article. By replacing the nonlinear term with the Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model, the nonlinear distributed parameter CPSs are represented by a fuzzy parabolic partial differential equation (PDE). To reduce the transmission burden of communication channels, the state information is considered to be dynamically quantized before transmission. Then, a fuzzy state feedback controller under cyber attacks is designed. Sufficient design criteria for the fuzzy controller and the adjusting parameters of dynamic quantizer are developed to obtain the finite‐time dissipative performance of the fuzzy closed‐loop system by the free‐matrix inequality approach. Finally, a simulation study in a cascaded of two cylindrical lithium batteries is explored to validate the efficiency of the control strategy.