bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperfibrinolysis and Fibrinolysis Shutdown in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Nakae Ryuta , Murai Yasuo , Wada Takeshi , Fujiki Yu , Kanaya Takahiro , Takayama Yasuhiro , Suzuki Go , Naoe Yasutaka , Yokota Hiroyuki , Yokobori Shoji
Published: May 2022

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with coagulation/fibrinolysis disorders, but the pathogenesis of hyperfibrinolysis and subsequent fibrinolysis shutdown in the acute phase of TBI is not well understood. We sought to analyze the time course of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and subsequent fibrinolysis shutdown in the acute phase, and the relationship of each to long-term outcome.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 61 consecutive cases of isolated TBI transported to the hospital within 1 h after injury. Plasma levels of the coagulation marker thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), the fibrinolysis marker D-dimer, and the fibrinolysis inhibition marker plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured on arrival and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after injury. The differences in plasma TAT, D-dimer, and PAI-1 levels between the good outcome group with an extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) of 6–8 at 6 months post-injury and the poor outcome group with a GOS-E of 1–5 at 6 months post-injury were compared using a generalized linear mixed model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for coagulation and fibrinolysis at each time point.Results: Plasma TAT levels peaked at admission and decreased significantly until 1 d after injury. Plasma D-dimer levels increased significantly, peaking up to 3 h after injury, and significantly decreased up to 3 d after injury. Plasma PAI-1 levels increased significantly up to 3 h after injury, the upward trend continuing until 6 h after injury, followed by a decrease lasting until 3 d after injury. The plasma TAT, D-dimer, and PAI-1 levels were all higher in the acute phase of TBI in patients with a poor outcome than in patients with a good outcome at 6 months. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated D-dimer levels from admission to 3 h after injury and elevated PAI-1 levels from 6 h to 1 d after injury were significant negative prognostic indicators.Conclusions: After TBI, hypercoagulation, fibrinolysis, and fibrinolysis shutdown were activated consecutively. Hyperfibrinolysis immediately after injury and subsequent fibrinolysis shutdown were associated with poor long-term outcome.
Default mode network connectivity as a possible biomarker for emotional self- awareness improvement in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Amiri Saba , Mirfazeli Fatemeh Sadat , Grafman Jordan , Eftekhar Mehrdad , Karimzad Nazila , Mohebbi Maryam , Mohammadsadeghi Homa , Nohesara Shabnam
Published: May 2022

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by impairments in impulse control, social functioning along with a deficit in emotional awareness and empathy. In this study, nine BPD patiens filled out the demography, Interpersonal Reactive Index(IRI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20 (TAS 20), The Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and the Borderline Evaluation Severity over Time (BEST) questionnaire. Default mode network (DMN) connectivity was measured using resting-state fMRI before psychodynamic psychotherapy and then every four months for a year after initiating psychotherapy. BPD patients present with aberrant DMN connectivity compared to healthy controls. Over a year of psychotherapy, the BPD patients showed both neuroimaging changes (decreasing nodal degree connection in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and increasing in other cingulate cortex regions) and behavioral improvement in their symptoms and substance use. There was also a significant positive association between the decreased nodal degree in regions of the cingulate gyrus and a decrease in the score of the TAS-20 indicating difficulty in identifying feelings after psychotherapy. In BPD, there is altered connectivity within the DMN and disruption in self-processing and emotion regulation. Psychotherapy may modify the DMN connectivity and that modification is associated with positive changes in BPD behavioral symptoms.
Effective and Reproducible Biosynthesis of Nanogold-composite Catalyst for Paracetamol Oxidation
Authors: Krbečková Veronika , Šimonová Zuzana , Langer Petr , Peikertová Pavlína , Kutláková Kateřina Mamulová , Thomasová Barbora , Plachá Daniela
Published: May 2022

Pharmaceutical products are some of the most serious emergent pollutants in the environment, especially nowadays of the covid-19 pandemic. In this study, nanogold-composite was prepared, and its catalytic activity for paracetamol degradation was investigated. Moreover, for the first time, recycled waste diatomite earth (WDE) from beer filtration was used for reproducible gold nanoparticle (Au NPs) preparation. The yeast cell debris in the WDE are responsible for Au NPs biosynthesis. The WDE served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent for crystalline spherical 30 nm Au NPs as well as acting as a direct support matrix. The conversion of paracetamol was 62% and 67% after 72 hours in the absence or presence of light irradiation, respectively, with 0.0126 h− 1 and 0.0148 h− 1 reaction rate constants. The presented study demonstrates successful use of a waste material from the food industry for the nanogold-composite preparation and its application as a promising catalyst in paracetamol removal.
Salivary orosomucoid 1 as a biomarker of hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: He Jiaoxia , Zheng Zhongling , Liu Tingting , Ao Yupei , Yang Yixuan , Hu Huaidong
Published: May 2022

Saliva is rich in proteins, DNA, RNA and microorganisms, and can be regarded as a biomarker library. In order to explore a noninvasive and simple means of early screening for liver cancer, proteomics was used to screen salivary markers of hepatitis B associated liver cancer. We used mass spectrometry coupled isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-technology to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Western blot, immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect marker expression of in tissues and saliva. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of the markers was analyzed through statistical analyses. By comparing the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group with non-HCC groups, we screened out 152 salivary DEPs. We found orosomucoid 1(ORM1) had significantly higher expression in saliva of HCC patients compared with non-HCC groups (p < 0.001) and the expression of ORM1 in liver cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues(p < 0.001). The combination of salivary ORM1 and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) showed reasonable specificities and sensitivities for detecting HCC. In a word, salivary ORM1 as a new biomarker of hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma, combination of salivary ORM1 and AFP as an improved diagnostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma.
XELOX vs FLOT in perioperative treatment of gastric cancer: randomized clinical trial in real world settings (study protocol, PECORINO trial)
Authors: Kondratskyi Yurii , Dobrzhanskyi Oleksii , Kopetskyi Viacheslav
Published: May 2022

Background
Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It requires combination of chemotherapy and surgery to achieve the longest overall survival and disease-free survival. However, chemotherapy regimens have a significant toxicity level that prevents patients from completing the entire treatment protocol.
Methods
This is a prospective randomized clinical trial aiming to assess an intolerance of chemotherapy related adverse effects in patients with resectable gastric cancer receiving perioperative XELOX and FLOT regimen. The primary endpoint is a quantity of patients who complete all the protocol treatment without any deviations. Secondary endpoints are pathological regression rate, chemotherapy toxicity profile, disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate.
Results
The results of the trial will demonstrate the proportion of patients who are able to complete protocol treatment without any deviations in real world settings and its impact on overall survival and disease-free survival rates.
Conclusion
The protocol compliance is one the main factors in successful treatment of gastric cancer. In case the compliance of chemotherapy regimen with potentially lower toxicity has bigger impact than application of three-drug scheme, it can play a significant role in real-world settings.
Analysis of the Influence of Gasoline Adulteration on Lubricant Degradation and Internal Combustion Engine Performance
Authors: Ferreira Ronaldo Lourenço , Gonçalves Aparecido Carlos , Chavarette Fábio Roberto , Outa Roberto
Published: May 2022

In internal combustion engines, studies of the effects of fuel adulteration focus on problems that occur in the fuel system and pollutants, but little attention is paid to the lubricant. This analysis evaluates, in addition to the problems in the supply system, the early degradation of the lubricant from the physical and chemical changes it undergoes when using adulterated gasoline in an internal combustion engine. In this work, a 160cc Honda stationary engine mounted on a bench and connected to an alternator through a transmission belt was used. Fuels adulterated with ethanol, kerosene and thinner were used in proportions of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The cycles were 40 hours each, which is equivalent to approximately 2,000 km covered. To measure the engine time and rotation, a tachometer/hourmeter was used, where the time of each cycle was recorded. PQA tests, infrared spectrometer (sulfation, nitriding, oxidation and TBN) were performed, in addition to changes in engine behavior in relation to rotation. The results showed changes in rotation according to the concentration and type of contaminants. Engine wear was small for the 2,000 kilometers covered. The sulphation, nitriding, oxidation and TBN levels were altered indicating the degradation of the lubricating oil.
Manuscript title: The surgical outcomes and risk factors of giant hepatic haemangiomas: A single centre experience
Authors: Dong Zhitao , Fang Kunpeng , Sui Chengjun , Guo Junwu , Dai Binghua , Geng Li , Yang Jiamei
Published: May 2022

Objective: To evaluate the safety of performing surgery on cavernous haemangiomas in the liver larger than 10 cm and establish preoperative predictors of intraoperative blood transfusion and morbidity.Methods: A total of 373 patients with haemangiomas larger than 10 cm who underwent surgery in our hospital were retrospectively analysed. According to tumour diameter, the patients were divided into a giant haemangioma (GH) group (241 cases) (10 cm ≤diameter <15 cm) and an enormous haemangioma (EH) group (132 cases) (diameter ≥15 cm). Clinical parameters were then compared between the two groups.Results: Compared with the GH group, the EH group had higher rates of leukopenia (10.6% vs. 4.5%), anaemia (26.5% vs. 15.7%), and thrombocytopenia (13.6% vs. 6.2%). The occlusion time in the EH group was longer than that in the GH group (26.33±14.10 min vs. 31.85±20.09 min, P<0.01). The blood loss and blood transfusion in the EH group were greater than those in the GH group (P<0.05). Moreover, the morbidity in the EH group was higher than that in the GH group (17.4% vs. 9.13%, P<0.05). According to the results of the multivariable analysis, the operation time and size of the haemangioma may be independent risk factors for blood transfusion (P<0.05). Additionally, the size of the haemangioma may be an independent risk factor associated with complications (P<0.05).Conclusion: Enormous haemangioma is more likely to cause haematologic abnormalities than giant hepatic haemangioma. The risks of the operation and postoperative complications of enormous haemangioma are higher than those of giant hepatic haemangioma.
Virtual Reality as a Tool for Pro-Environmental Dietary Change: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Plechatá Adéla , Morton Thomas , Perez-Cueto Federico J.A. , Makransky Guido
Published: May 2022

As the food industry significantly contributes to global carbon emissions, studying new behavioral interventions promoting plant-based diets is crucial for mitigating climate change. This study investigates the impact of an efficacy-focused virtual reality (VR) intervention designed according to instructional design principles on eating behavior. In the preregistered intervention study, psychology students randomly assigned to nine blocks (analyzed n = 123, follow-up n = 90) were allocated to either the VR intervention (four groups) or the control (no-treatment) condition (five groups). The study employed a parallel design, and the primary outcome was the effect of the VR simulation on dietary footprint measured from one week before to one week after the intervention. The VR intervention decreased individual dietary footprints (d = 0.4) significantly more than the control condition. Similarly, response efficacy and knowledge increased to a larger extent in the VR condition compared to the control. For knowledge, the effect persisted for one week. The VR intervention had no impact on intentions, self-efficacy, or psychological distance. Additional manipulation of normative feedback enhanced self-efficacy; however, manipulation of geographical framing did not influence psychological distance. This research received no financial support from any funding agency and was registered on 15/09/2021 at Open Science Foundation with the number 10.17605/OSF.IO/2AXF3.
“I don’t hesitate to use the left-over antibiotics or if I don’t have any, I rush to my neighbours to ask for an antibiotic for my child.” Practices and experiences with antibiotic use among caregivers of paediatric patients at Zomba Central Hospital in Malawi.
Authors: Machongo Redson Biswick , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda
Published: May 2022

Background: Inappropriate use of antibiotics is among the major causes of the global emergency of antibiotic resistance among children. The problem of inappropriate use of antibiotics among children is of special concern because they are still developing immunological systems, hence they are susceptible to many infectious diseases. As such, they receive a considerable disproportional amount of antibiotics which exposes them to antibiotic resistance. This study explored the lived experiences of caregivers of children under the age of five years on the use of antibiotics at Zomba central hospital. Objective: The main aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of caregivers of children under the age of five years on antibiotic usage at Zomba Central Hospital, Zomba-Malawi.Methodology This was a descriptive qualitative study with a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experience of caregivers of paediatric patients on antibiotic usage from May 2019 to July 2020. The study used interview guides to conduct in-depth interviews with 16 caregivers and purposive sampling was used to select the participants from the children’s ward. All interviews were audio-recorded and qualitative data was transcribed verbatim and was thematically analysed manually to extract major themes and concepts on the subject matter. Results: Caregivers had little knowledge about antibiotic use and its resistance. most caregivers use the antibiotics inappropriately through self-medication, use of left-over antibiotics, buying antibiotics without prescription, and sharing of antibiotics. Conclusion.Based on the findings of this study, investment in public awareness and organising community-led interventions in antibiotic use related information is key to improve the quality use of antibiotics. The Government should focus on promoting interventions that lessen the indiscriminate use of antibiotics among the caregivers. Stringent laws need to be enforced by the government to restrict the access of antibiotics to parents without a prescription.
Serum aspartate aminotransferase, a novel potential biomarker of prognosis in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type
Authors: Yao Ningning , Hou Qing , Liang Yu , Cao Xin , Sun Bochen , Wei Lijuan , Li Hongwei , Guo Ruyuan , Sun Ruifang , Cao Jianzhong
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAspartate aminotransferase (AST), an indicator of liver cell damage, was related to the prognosis of certain malignant tumors. This study examined the predictive value of AST in patients with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL).MethodsWe reviewed 183 cases diagnosed with ENKTL and selected 26 U/L as the optimum cut-off value of AST. We used the univariate and multivariate Cox regression to compare the different AST groups' overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsPrior to propensity score matching (PSM), Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients in the low AST subgroup had better OS and PFS than the high AST subgroup. Multivariate analysis revealed that AST was an independent indicator for prognosis. After PSM, the low AST subgroup maintained a significantly better OS and PFS than the high AST subgroup.ConclusionAST might represent a significant prognostic marker for ENKTL patients.
Construction of a novel rabbit model of ureteral calculi implanted with flowable resin
Authors: Su Hao , Liu Heng , Yang Ke , Chen Weiming , Yuan Dongbo , Wang Wei , Zhu Guohua , Hu Bin , Jiang Kehua , Zhu Jianguo
Published: May 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to characterize the pathophysiological changes of hydronephrosis caused by ureteral calculi obstruction in a new rabbit ureteral calculi model by implanting flowable resin.Methods: Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: the calculi group and the sham control group. In the calculi group (n=20), rabbits were operated at left lower abdomen and the left ureter was exposed. Then flowable resin (flowable restorative dental materials) was injected into the left ureter using a 0.45mm diameter intravenous infusion needle. Then light-cured for 40 sec by means of a dental curing light to form calculi. In the sham control group, normal saline was injected into the ureter. Stone formation was assessed by X-ray and unenhanced CT scan after surgery. The pathophysiological changes were evaluated through anatomy, HE staining and routine blood and urine tests.Results: Ureteral calculi models were successfully constructed in 17 rabbits. In calculi group, high-density shadows were observed in the left lower abdomen on postoperative day 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th by X-ray and CT scan. Anatomy found obstruction formation of the left ureters, dilatation of the renal pelvis and upper ureter during 7 days after surgery. The renal long-diameters of the left ureters increased only on the 1st postoperative day. HE staining found ureteral and kidney damage after surgery. The serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, white blood cells and urine red blood cells were raised at day 1 after surgery. However, the indicators returned to normal at day 3, 5, and 7.Conclusions: This is a very effect, stable, low prices, and highly reproducible ureteral calculi model by implanting flowable resin. And this novel model may allow us to further understand the pathophysiology changes caused by ureteral calculi obstruction.
Effect of oregano essential oil (Lippia berlandieri Schauer) inclusion on physicochemical properties of buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth) root starch films
Authors: Hernández-Centeno Francisco , Hernández-González María , Tirado-Gallegos Juan Manuel , Rodríguez-González Claudia , Rios-Velasco Claudio , Rodríguez-Hernández Ana Margarita , Peña Haydee Yajaira López-De la , Morales-Xicohténcatl José Manuel , Zamudio-Flores Paul Baruk
Published: May 2022

In the present assay buffalo gourd root starch (BGRS) and Mexican oregano essential oil (OEO) (which are considered alternative botanical sources) were used to obtain biodegradable films. The effect of different concentrations of OEO (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0% w/w respect to starch) on the film’s physicochemical properties vs a control sample (without OEO) was evaluated. The additive inclusion significatively impacted on optical, mechanical, permeability, thermal and morphological properties with respect to the control, mainly at OEO low concentrations (0.1 and 0.3%), due to its component’s plasticizer capacity. FTIR analysis evidenced the different degrees of material’s components mixtures integration through the possible formation of hydrogen bonds. SEM micrographies showed an appropriated components integration for 0.1 and 0.5% OEO concentrations, and according to their physicochemical properties, these films may have a greater possibility to have applications on food packing.
A class of 5D Hamiltonian conservative hyperchaotic systems with symmetry and multistability
Authors: Dong Qing , Zhou Shihua , Zhang Qiang , Kasabov Nikola K.
Published: May 2022

Conservative chaos systems have been investigated with some special advantages. Taking symmetry as a starting point, this study proposes a class of fifive-dimensional(5D) conservative hyperchaotic systems by constructing a generalized Hamiltonian conservative system. The proposed systems can have diffffe ent types of coordinate-transformation and time-reversal symmetries. Also, the constructed systems are conservative in both volume and energy. The constructed systems are analyzed, and their conservative and chaotic properties are verifified by relevant analysis methods, including the equilibrium points, phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent diagram, bifurcation diagram, and two-parameter Lyapunov exponent diagram. An interesting phenomenon, namely, that the proposed systems have multistable features when the initial values are changed, is observed. Furthermore, a detailed multistable characteristic analysis of two systems is performed, and it is found that the two systems have difffferent numbers of coexisting orbits under the same energy. In addition, this type of system can also exhibit the coexistence of infifinite orbits of difffferent energies. Finally, the National Institute of Standards and Technology tests confifirmed that the proposed systems can produce sequences with strong pseudo-randomness.
Low Complexity Detector Based on Geometric Approximation for the Differential Schemes of Generalized Spatial Modulation
Authors: Jose Deepak
Published: May 2022

Generalized spatial modulation (GSM) has come up as a spectrally efficient transmission scheme for high data rate applications as the information bits are transmitted in multiple dimensions by the selective activation of the transmit antennas, unlike the conventional schemes employing phase and amplitude-based modulations alone. Differential schemes for modulation are essential for receivers having strict energy and processing power constraints since these schemes do not require frequent channel estimation at the receiver. Differential schemes for GSM improve the spectral efficiency in comparison with conventional differential schemes for spatial modulation (SM) with only a nominal increase in the number of transmit antennas. However ML-based detectors require intensive processing at the receiver. In this paper, a simplified detector based on geometric approximation of the received signal is proposed for the differential schemes of GSM. Firstly, the two-stage detector selects a reduced set of candidates for the transmit antenna combinations based on the correlation with the received signal. A joint detection is performed with the l2 -norm minimization approach, on the reduced sets of antenna combinations, along with the modulated symbols lying in the vicinity of the dominant eigenvector of the received signal, to detect the transmitted symbol. The proposed detector has a significant reduction in complexity along with a comparable error performance with respect to the optimal detector.
High Co-expression of Immune Checkpoint Receptors PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3 and TIGIT on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Mollavelioglu Baran , Aktas Esin Cetin , Cabioglu Neslihan , Abbasov Aykhan , Onder Semen , Emiroglu Selman , Tükenmez Mustafa , Muslumanoglu Mahmut , Igci Abdullah , Deniz Gunnur , Ozmen Vahit
Published: May 2022

High expression of immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) in the tumor microenvironment regulates the anti-tumor response. In this study, the differential expression of ICRs on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with early-stage breast cancer were investigated. The study included 32 patients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer between September 2018 and March 2020. TIL isolation was performed using a MACS tumor separation device and tumor separation kit. PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT expression of cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells on TILs and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were determined by flow cytometry. Patients with a high Ki-67 index, high TIL density, and HER-2 positivity were more likely to have increased CD16+CD56dim NK cells on TILs. Patients with T2 tumors were more likely to have increased expression of PD-1, LAG-3 and TIGIT on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ cytotoxic T cells than those with T1 tumors. PD-1, CTLA-4, TIGIT, LAG-3, and TIM-3 expression of CD8+ T and CD16−CD56bright NK cells in TILs showed significant positive correlations with each other. PD1+CD8+, TIGIT+CD16+ and CTLA-4+CD56+ cells in PBLs and TILs were found to be negatively correlated, whereas only TIM-3+ expression of CD8+ T and CD16+CD56dim cells in PBLs and TILs showed positive correlations. Our results suggest that CD16+CD56dim NK cells on TILs may play a major role in the immune response against HER2-positive or highly proliferating breast tumors in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Furthermore, various ICRs were found to be highly co-expressed with each other on TILs, including PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT. These receptors may synergistically suppress the response to the tumor, which may trigger immune escape mechanisms in the early stage of carcinogenesis. However, ICR expressions other than TIM3 on PBLs were not found to accompany their counterparts on TILs.
Land Quality Index for Paddy (Orzya sativa L.) Cultivation Area based on Deep Learning Approach using Geographical Information System and Geostatistical Techniques
Authors: Senyer Nurettin , Akay Hasan , Odaba¸sOdaba¸s Mehmet Serhat , Dengiz Orhan , Sivarajan Saravanan
Published: May 2022

Many fields in Turkey have suitable ecological conditions for rice production and its per hectare yield is usually above the global average. However, because of such as unstable fertilization, lack of nutrients, and irrigation, the production amount cannot meet the consumption amount when soil properties are not considered. This case entails Republic of Turkey to be a rice-importing country. The present study was conducted to on a 1,763-hectare field in the province of C ¸ orum, Osmancık district, 1 Springer Nature 2022 L A T E X template Land Quality Index based on DL using GIS and Geostatistical Techniques which is one of the most significant rice fields in Turkey. The main purpose of this study is to determine land quality classes for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production based on Geographic Information System (GIS) and the deep learning approach. Deep learning is a popular technique for image processing and data analysis with procuring results and great potential. This technique has recently been used extensively in precision agriculture applications. In the study, Feedforward Neural Networks (FNN), a basic deep learning model, was used. It is used 15 different physicochemical properties (pH, EC, lime, OM, depth, slope, HI, HA, clay, silt, sand, N, P, K, and Zn). Using this parameters soil types was classified and regression analysis (index, efficiency, NAI, and SQI) was performed by deep learning. In the study, using the index, efficiency, NAI, and SQI soil parameters as network outputs caused different performance levels in models. Therefore, different models were suggested for each network output. R2 values are at an acceptable level for predicting parameters (index: 91.14%, efficiency: 87.50%, NAI: 87.54%, and SQI: 87.54%). A success rate of 88% is achieved in classifying ”class” information. It has been shown that deep learning can be used successfully in predicting soil parameters and identifying land quality classes. In addition, identified land quality classes have been confirmed by field study. As regards research results, a significant positive relationship was found between land quality classes and yield using Statistical methods. In addition, according to field validation study, rice yield was significantly affected by the land quality classes which was at a p < 0.001 level. The highest product yield was achieved in (7197 kg ha −1 in S1 class), (5032 kg ha −1 in S2 class), and then (3572 kg ha −1 in S3 class).
Effect of Multiple Cycles of Gelatinization and Fermentation in Chinese Strong-Flavor Baijiu on Sorghum Starch
Authors: Zong Xuyan , Wen Lei , Mou Tingting , Wang Yanting , Li Li
Published: May 2022

The property changes of sorghum starch during multiple cycles of gelatinization fermentation were studied. This study simulated strong-flavor Baijiu’s gelatinization and fermentation process (The sorghum as raw material, the distillers' grains as control). The results showed that the starch content of the same batch of sorghum after five cycles of gelatinization and fermentation was 9.98% (Cannot continue to be used for fermentation), and about 60% of the starch was consumed in the first three cycles of gelatinization and fermentation. The gel properties of sorghum starch gradually decreased during fermentation but slightly increased after gelatinization. After five cycles of gelatinization and fermentation, the sorghum starch has a uniform size and thin and small fragment structure. At the same time, sorghum starch does not form new groups. The recrystallization of starch caused by multiple cycles of gelatinization and fermentation increased the onset gelatinization temperature (from 61.6 to 114.4 °C), peak gelatinization temperature (from 78.5 to 139.5 °C), and gelatinization enthalpy (from 7.980 to 17.121 J/g) of sorghum starch. The crystalline structure of sorghum starch changed from the initial type A to type A+V, type A+B+V, and finally to type B.
A2A adenosine receptor agonist reduced MMP8 expression in healthy M2-like macrophages but not in macrophages from ankylosing spondylitis patients
Authors: sadatpour Omid , Ebrahimi Mohammad Taha , Akhtari Maryam , Ahmadzadeh Nooshin , Vojdanian Mahdi , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Farhadi Elham , Mahmoudi Mahdi
Published: May 2022

Background
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects different joints of the body. Macrophages are the predominant cells that mediate disease progression by secreting several pro-inflammatory mediators. Different receptors are involved in macrophages' function including the adenosine receptors (AR). We wanted to assess the effect of applying A2A adenosine receptor agonist (CGS-21680) on the gene expression of inflammatory mediators including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2, 4 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3, 8, 9, and 13 on the macrophages from AS patients compared to healthy macrophages.
Methods
Monocytes were removed from the whole blood of 28 individuals (AS patients and healthy controls in a 1:1 ratio). Macrophages were generated using macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and flow cytometry was used to confirm surface markers. CGS-21680 was used to treat cells that had been differentiated. SYBR green real-time PCR was used to examine gene expression.
Results
Activating A2AAR diminished MMP8 expression in healthy macrophages while it cannot reduce MMP8 expression in patients’ macrophages. The effect of A2AAR activation on the expression of BMP2 and MMP9 reached statistical significance neither in healthy macrophages nor in the patients' group. We also discovered a significant positive connection between MMP8 expression and patient scores on the Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI).
Conclusion
Due to the disability of A2AAR activation in the reduction of MMP8 expression in patients' macrophages and the correlation of MMP8 expression with BASFI index in patients, these results represent defects and dysregulations in the related signaling pathway in patients' macrophages.
A Nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Aflatoxin B1 detection with High Sensitivity and Excellent Reproducibility
Authors: Peng Shuang , Li Kai , Wang Yi-xuan , Li Lin , Cheng Yun-Hui , Xu Zhou
Published: May 2022

The nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) has attracted increasing attention for detecting mycotoxin due to its excellent specificity and low-cost. However, the dispersion of most nanozymes is not desirable, which usually leads to poor reproducibility of detection. Herein, we generated a novel porous Iron-Porphyrin-Zr-MOF NanoPCN-223(Fe) with outstanding dispersion and superior peroxidase-like activity. The excellent dispersion and catalytic performance of NanoPCN-223(Fe) was exploited to establish an enhanced dispersion MOF-linked immunosorbent assay (Ed-MOFLISA) to detect aflatoxin B1 in real food samples. The optimized Ed-MOFLISA displayed a broad quantitative range from 0.05 to 10 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.003 ng/mL. The recovery of spiked peanut milk and soy milk ranged from 91.22–97.63%. Intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation values ranged from 0.78 to 3.85%, demonstrating the outstanding reproducibility and accuracy of Ed-MOFLISA. The findings indicate the suitability of novel NanoPCN-223(Fe) with enhanced dispersion for NLISA in food safety analyses.
Relative importance of processing deficits in seven sensory modalities in predicting quantitative autistic traits in adults
Authors: Bang Peter , Igelström Kajsa
Published: May 2022

Background
Atypical sensory processing measured by self- or parent-report co-segregates with quantitative autistic traits (QAT) and has potential endophenotypic properties relevant to the mechanisms of autism. However, it is not known whether this association reflects a generalized sensory dysfunction or combinations of modality-specific mechanisms. Collinearity between QAT and modality-specific sensory scales limits the use of multiple regression to determine relative importance. Therefore, we combined a Bayesian variable selection method with dominance analysis to obtain a more nuanced understanding of potential modality-specific associations.
Methods
We recruited two independent cohorts of adults online to complete the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire and the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire (N = 592 in total). Subscale scores were derived for social, communicative, and rigid QAT and for the visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, proprioceptive, and vestibular sensory modalities. For each QAT, we performed a stochastic search variable selection (SSVS) procedure on the sensory modality subscales to test which sensory modalities predicted QAT while controlling for uncertainty in the other variables. Dominance analysis was then applied to the models identified by the SSVS to evaluate the relative importance of sensory modalities in predicting QAT.
Results
Only auditory scores reliably predicted all three QAT. The proprioceptive scale, which included motor and interoceptive deficits, specifically predicted communicative QAT. The tactile scale, which included touch sensitivity and atypical pain/temperature processing, specifically predicted social QAT.
Limitations:
The findings must be interpreted in light of limitations of the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire. For example, associations between QAT and visual, olfactory, gustatory, or vestibular modalities might appear if measured in a different way. The study relied on self-report by anonymous participants, which precluded clinical evaluation of sensory difficulties. It is also important to note that the modalities found to lack associations with QAT are nevertheless known to be clinically significant in autism.
Conclusions
Auditory processing deficits, such as noise sensitivity, strongly predicted all QAT, whereas other sensory modalities did not. Thus, auditory processing could be further studied as a potential sensory endophenotype for autism. The results also indicate potential roles for tactile dysfunction in atypical social interaction and proprioceptive/motor dysfunction in pragmatic language.
A novel nested-qPCR assay for detection of Babesia duncani infection in hamsters and humans
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Zhang Shangdi , Wang Jinming , Rashid Muhammad , Wang Xiaorong , Liu Xinyue , Yin Hong , Guan Guiquan
Published: May 2022

Background
Babesia duncani is a causative pathogen for human babesiosis, transmitted by tick bite, blood transfusion, and pregnancy. As an important haemo protozoan disease, diagnostic assay of this pathogen is not available and its detection is neglected during transfusion and utilization of blood products.
Methods
In this study, primers and probes were designed in variable regions of B. duncani 18S rRNA gene. A novel molecular approach, nested quantitative polymerase chain reaction (nested-qPCR), was developed to specifically detect DNA of B. duncani in blood samples from hamster and human. Comparative analyses of our established technique with previously reported nested-PCR and microscopy were conducted using experimentally infected and clinical samples.
Results
The newly optimized diagnostic technique showed no cross reaction with other zoonotically important Babesia spp. such as Babesia microti, Babesia divergens, Babesia crassa, and Babesia motasi Hebei. The detection limit of nested-qPCR was approximately 1 copy of plasmid in a total of 20 µl volume or 1 infected red blood cells in 200 µl of whole blood. The specificity and sensitivity of this method are 100% and 98.6%, respectively. Comparative analyses revealed that nested-qPCR showed relatively higher efficacy and specificity for detecting B. duncani than microscopic examination and nested-PCR. Investigation of 492 specimens from patients of tick bite from Gansu Province, China presents no B. duncani infection.
Conclusions
In this study, we provide a novel diagnostic assay for determining B. duncani infection and investigating its prevalence in specific areas.
Impact of Climate Change on Irrigation Case Study on: Wonji Shoa Sugar Plantation Estate
Authors: Abera Bizuayehu , Desale Tewodrose , Asmare Metafet , Metaferia Girum , Endris Seid
Published: May 2022

Irrigation is significant in increasing agriculture production and productivity for sustainability of country's economy. Impacts on existing activities for irrigation design and management system is obvious due to rapid change of climate system. This paper future focus to evaluate the influence of changing climate on the crop yield and irrigation requirement for Wonji Shoa Sugarcane Plantation Estate. For future climate data, it used the results of projections of cordex regional climate model (RCM) with bias correction for medium concentration representative path way 4.5RCP and high concentration representative path way 8.5RCP scenario. The down-scaled data were then used as input to the AQUACROP model. The time series indicate a significant increasing trend in maximum and minimum temperature values and a slight increasing trend in precipitation for both 4.5rcp and 8.5 rcp scenarios. The evapotranspiration shows an increases in 20.34%, 20.12%, 23.59% and 24.36% for 8.5 rcp in the period of 2020s, 2040s, 2060s, 2080s respectively. For 4.5rcp scenario the change is in about 8.4%, 11.65%, 13.22%, and 15.85% for the period of 2020s, 2040s, 2060s, and 2080s respectively. The model output shows that there is an annual increase in yield. For 8.5 rcp scenarios, the incensement is 6.2%, 7.84, 11.03% and 14.48% in 2020s, 2040s, 2060s and 2080s respectively. For 4.5 rcp scenarios the increment is much lower compared to 8.5rcp scenarios. But there is steel increasing in yield for 4.5rcp. The change is 0.3%, 1.8%, 7.02%, and 4.82% for the period of 2020s, 2040s, 2060s, and 2080s respectively.
Seismic Design of Setback Irregular Steel Structures based on Life Cycle Cost
Authors: Jebelli Sajad Taheri , Behnam Behrouz , Tehrani Payam
Published: May 2022

The seismic design of conventional structures is mainly addressed considering the direct construction cost; the life cycle costs (LCCs) are often neglected. This paper proposes a performance-based framework for optimal seismic design of irregular steel structures; the LCC is involved as an optimization criterion. Two regular 7- and 10-story structures are first designed based on the design earthquake; their geometries are then changed to make them setback irregular having in overall four cases to investigate. Nonlinear analyses are performed to estimate the target displacement for annual exceedance probabilities, different specified acceleration levels, and, accordingly, the extent of the structural damage. The LCCs of the cases studied are calculated to achieve two objectives: an LCC-based optimal design of steel structures, and evaluating the extent of irregularity on the structures’ LCCs. Results indicate that in the regular and irregular 7-story structures, a 40% and a 50% increase in the seismic loads can respectively reduce the LCCs by 31.3% and 34.9%. In the same vein, in the 10-story regular and irregular structures, increasing the seismic loads by 50% can reduce the LCCs by 33.4% and 31.7%, respectively. The results highlight the point that irregular structures, overall, require a higher initial cost than regular structures when the LCC is taken into account as an optimization criterion.
A machine learning framework for the shear limit state reliability of existing FRC beams without stirrups
Authors: Simwanda L. , Onyari EK , Sumbwanyambe M. , Ikotun BD. , Zimbili AO
Published: May 2022

A machine learning framework based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) for designing and conducting the shear reliability assessment of exisitng fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) beams without stirrups is presented. The GPR model has good predictive capabilities in terms R2, IA, RMSE, and MAE. Sobol-based Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) reveals the tensile strength of fibres fuf, beam width bw, and shear span to effective depth ratio a/d to be the main contributors to the variability of the shear capacity. Reliability assessment considered in a case study of an existing FRC beam designed using the present GPR confirms the structural reliability of the underlying GPR model.
Supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri isolated from red jungle fowl along with mannanoligosaccaride improves growth performance, immune response and gut health in broiler Chicken
Authors: Jaiswal Sudhir Kumar , Tomar Simmi , Saxena Vishesh Kumar , S Balraj , Uniyal Sandeep
Published: May 2022

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri isolated from the intestine of red jungle fowl along with mannanoligosaccride (MOS) on growth performance, intestinal microbial count, immunity and expression of growth and immune related genes in broiler chicken. Lactobacillus reuteri was isolated from in the GIT tract of red jungle fowl and was utilized for growth bioassay in broiler. For this total 360 CARIBRO-Vishal broiler chicks were weighed individually and randomly allocated to nine treatment groups, each having five replicates with eight chicks in each following complete randomized block design (CRD). The experiment was conducted for 6 weeks duration. The nine treatment groups were control fed basal diet (T1), basal diet + Antibiotic growth promoter, bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) @20mg/kg feed (T2), basal diet + commercial probiotic @ 0.1 g/kg feed (T3), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x106 CFU/g of fermented feed (T4), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x107 CFU/g of fermented feed (T5), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x108 CFU/g of fermented feed (T6), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x106 CFU/g of fermented + 0.1% MOS (T7), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x107 CFU/g of fermented + 0.1% MOS (T8), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x108 CFU/g of fermented feed + 0.1% MOS (T9). 20% of daily basal ration for broiler chicken was autoclaved and inoculated with 15% of Lactobacillus isolate broth culture having a viable count of 106, 107, and 108 CFU/ml and fermented at 37°C for 24 h before adding to daily ration afresh and was mixed well. Results of the present study revealed T9 group supplemented with Lab isolated Lactobaillus reuteri at the dose of 1x108 CFU/g along with 0.1% MOS significantly (P < 0.05) improves body weight, body weight gain, immune response both humoral and cell mediated without effecting the feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Also the pathogenic bacteria count (Salmonella and E.coli) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the GIT of T9 group as compared to other groups. The significantly (p < 0.05) higher relative expression of growth related genes, IGF-1 and IGF-1R and immune related gene, IL-6 whereas IL-10 and TLR-4 expression were significantly (P < 0.05) down regulated in T9 group (Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x108 CFU/g of fermented feed + 0.1% MOS). So, it can be concluded from the present study that lactobacillus reuteri isolated for the GIT of the red jungle fowl along with MOS is effective in improving the growth performance, immune response and gut health of commercial CARIBRO-Vishal broiler chicken.
Tribological behavior of a shot-peened nickel-based single crystal superalloy at high temperature
Authors: Sun Shouyi , Li Lei , Hu Chuanyun , Li Qi , Yuan Tianyu
Published: May 2022

The tribological behavior of a nickel-based single crystal (NBSC) superalloy treated by shot-peening has been investigated. Friction tests under three normal loads and three temperatures were carried out based on the ball-on-disc configuration. The results showed that coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of the shot-peened superalloy at room temperature were nearly 2 times and 4 times that at 600 ℃, respectively. However, there were no significant difference in COF and wear rate between the shot-peened NBSC superalloy and the as-received NBSC superalloy, which was ascribed to the competing effects between the increased hardness and the increased roughness of NSBC superalloy after shot-peening. High temperature friction promoted the formation of a glaze-layer on the substrate, which was derived from the sintering and compacting of oxidized wear debris. The formed glaze-layer prevented the direct contact of the friction pair and contributed to the reduced COF and wear rate. The wear mechanism of the SP-NSBC superalloy at high temperature included oxidation, adhesion, and abrasion. With the decreasing normal load and increasing temperature, the adhesive wear weakened. This work provided insights into the effects of shot-peening treatment on the tribological properties of NBSC superalloy.
Religious Identity and Its Relationship to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder among University Youth
Authors: Alzamil Wafaa , Almusfir May , Qasem mona Al , Alkasabi Manal , Ahmed Emad
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to estimate the relationship between religious self-identity and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the relationship affected by both gender and age. The study manipulated a cross-sectional study design. An available sample of 314 Saudi university students was selected. The study relied on the Brown-Yale inventory of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the study prepared a scale of religious self-identity. The stability of the obsessive-compulsive disorder scale ranged between 0.74 and 0.76, while the reliability coefficients for religious self-factors ranged from 0.66 to 0.74. The study found goodness-of-fit of the study tools with the sample data using confirmatory factor analysis. The correlation coefficients between religious identity factors and the obsessive factor were positive, while the relationship was negative between religious identity factors and compulsive behaviors. The results revealed that there are gender differences in the self-reassuring in favor of females due to the influence of the age variable.