bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An optimal freshness-keeping effort model for fresh produce with constraints of special funds
Authors: Zhou Bing , Li Yufeng , Fang Xin
Published: December 2021

The quality deterioration in the post-production process of fresh products is very serious, and the life-cycle freshness-keeping technology investment is an effective way to reduce the deterioration. Because the investment cost is high in practice, enterprises need to allocate special funds for each stage to maximize their marginal revenue. In this paper, we use freshness to characterize the quality level of fresh products and investigate a maximize marginal revenue problem where a firm assigns special funds for the freshness-keeping effort with each post-production process. An optimal freshness-keeping model with the constraints of special funds is discussed. The investigation shows that both the optimal freshness-keeping effort and the closed-form optimal solutions of enterprises exist uniquely. A reasonable freshness-keeping investment in different post-production processes can improve the performance of enterprises with limited fund constraints. We then simulate the effect rules of funds constraint on these solutions based on numerical analysis and give some management insights.
An optimal control model to design strategies for reducing the spread of the Ebola virus disease
Authors: Seck Rama ,   Laboratory of Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, Applied Mathematics Section, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, 209-IRD & UMMISCO-UGB, Senegal, Ngom Diène , Ivorra Benjamin , Ramos Ángel M. ,   Mathematics and Applications Laboratory, Mathematics Department, Assane Seck University, Bp: 523, Ziguinchor, 209-IRD & UMMISCO-UGB, Senegal,   Interdisciplinary Mathematics Institute, Department of Applied Mathematics and Mathematical Analysis, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Published: December 2021

In this work, we formulate an epidemiological model for studying the spread of Ebola virus disease in a considered territory. This model includes the effect of various control measures, such as: vaccination, education campaigns, early detection campaigns, increase of sanitary measures in hospital, quarantine of infected individuals and restriction of movement between geographical areas. Using optimal control theory, we determine an optimal control strategy which aims to reduce the number of infected individuals, according to some operative restrictions (e.g., economical, logistic, etc.). Furthermore, we study the existence and uniqueness of the optimal control. Finally, we illustrate the interest of the obtained results by considering numerical experiments based on real data.
Artificial intelligence-based network traffic analysis and automatic optimization technology
Authors: Ren Jiyuan ,   Northeast Branch of State Gird Corporation of China, #1, Yingpan North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, MO 110180, China, Zhang Yunhou , Wang Zhe , Song Yang
Published: December 2021

Network operation and maintenance (O & M) activities of data centers focus mainly on checking the operating states of devices. O & M engineers determine how services are running and the bearing capacity of a data center by checking the operating states of devices. However, this method cannot reflect the real transmission status of business data; therefore, engineers cannot fully comprehensively perceive the overall running conditions of businesses. In this paper, ERSPAN (Encapsulated Remote Switch Port Analyzer) technology is applied to deliver stream matching rules in the forwarding path of TCP packets and mirror the TCP packets into the network O & M AI collector, which is used to conduct an in-depth analysis on the TCP packets, collect traffic statistics, recapture the forwarding path, carry out delayed computing, and identify applications. This enables O & M engineers to comprehensively perceive the service bearing status in a data center, and form a tightly coupled correlation model between networks and services through end-to-end visualized modeling, providing comprehensive technical support for data center optimization and early warning of network risks.
Jeunes femmes berbères en Catalogne : une esquisse de leurs vies intersectionnelles
Authors: Chilah Ikram
Published: December 2021

Les Berbères d’origine rifaine installés en Catalogne font partie de ces migrants se tournant vers l’Espagne à partir des années 1970 suite à la fermeture des frontières européennes. Certains y arrivent bien avant l’émergence du phénomène de la migration internationale en Espagne, et d’autres à une date plus récente, à partir des années 2000, lorsque ce pays devient l’une des principales portes d’entrée vers Europe pour les migrants venant des Suds (Cebrián et al. 2010). L’intégration des enfants descendants de ces migrants a été l’objet de débats en Espagne depuis cette date, lorsque l’ampleur du phénomène oblige les institutions à se doter de nouvelles prescriptions pour penser la migration à niveau national (Cachón, 2007). Les enquêtes que j’ai conduites auprès de deux familles d’origine rifaine habitant en Catalogne, formées principalement par des femmes, m’ont permis d’analyser leur travail identitaire à l’aide des différents positionnements sociaux présents dans le discours et à l’alternance de codes comme marqueur indexical (Auer 1998). Le fait d’appliquer la théorie de l’intersectionnalité (Creenshaw 1989) à mes analyses et de problématiser mon rôle d’insider en tant que femme, migrante et néo-locutrice rend compte de la complexité de la question sociale, du brouillage de frontières lorsqu’on mobilise ces catégories d’analyse et de la nécessité d’inscrire toute domination dans un contexte précis.
Exploring Citizen-Centric E-Government Using a Democratic Theories Framework
Authors: Mossey Sean , Manoharan Aroon P. , Bennett Lamar Vernon
Published: December 2021

In this chapter, the authors draw on Scott's work on e-government and democratic theories to examine how governments engage their citizens online. The three theories they focus on—representative, pluralist, and direct—are the most prominent in the democratic theory literature. Using data from 200 U.S. local governments, the authors examine two research questions: What factors drive governments to employ each theory? Which theory predominates in the implementation of e-government? The assumption is that providing answers to these two questions will help set the stage for future research linking e-government and democratic theory. The authors also explore this theory in e-government amidst the rise of m-government, whereby users access e-government services via mobile devices. They suggest as well what governments can do to move forward with their e-government and m-government efforts based on these theories.
Participation With Social Media
Authors: Babaoglu Cenay , Akman Elvettin
Published: December 2021

By improving ICT within the scope of administration, new terms like e-government, m-government, e-governance, e-participation appeared in the field of public administration. The concept of e-government affects municipalities—closest service units to the citizens—and with this effect developed the term e-municipality. Municipalities in Turkey began to use the new technologies for the delivery of services, and terms like e-participation and e-governance are widening rapidly. This chapter investigates whether Facebook pages are an effective tool for local participation. The social media-citizen relationship that is claimed to be more effective, especially at the local level, has been evaluated through the Facebook pages of the municipalities. This chapter focuses on the role of social media in participatory administration.
Citizens in the Smart City
Authors: Tomor Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2021

While the role of citizens in smart cities is hotly debated, there is a dearth of empirical research on the subject. This in-depth study of a European city, selected for its typical smart city ambitions, explores the roles that citizens actually play in smart city projects. The study examines twelve initiatives in the City of Utrecht (NL) using a framework that differentiates between types of citizen participation. The findings show that technology-enabled citizen participation in Utrecht is highly diverse and embraces all types of participation rather than simply taking the form of either “citizen empowerment” (as the advocates argue) or “citizen subjugation' (as the critics stress). The diversity found in the study highlights the need to conceptualize the role of the smart citizen at the micro (project) level rather than at the level of the city as a whole. The study shows that citizen participation in the smart city should not be understood as a technological utopia or dystopia but as an evolving, technologically mediated practice that is shaped by a variety of factors.
Knowledge Society
Authors: Parreira Artur , Moura Rui Duarte , Lorga da Silva Ana
Published: December 2021

This chapter is developed along three conceptual axes: citizenship; knowledge society: transparency; and trust and participation. It begins by explaining the concept of citizenship and its historical roots, the Greek polis and the Roman civitas; the revival of cities in the Late Middle Ages and their consolidation in the Modern Age. It analyzes the citizenship construct with the affirmation of each inhabitant as a citizen involved in improving the several plans of the quality of urban life. The second axis evaluates the characteristics of knowledge societies as promoting factors to a citizenship based on socio-political indicators that build trust between the citizen. The third axis deals with transparency and trust as active disseminators of timely and relevant information to the public and its impact on corruption, as a barrier against a broad citizenship. At the methodological level, the study combines bibliographic research with a field research by questionnaire.
The Information Access Law as a Full Constitutional Citizenship Instrument
Authors: Correa de Mello Marcilio Barenco
Published: December 2021

This chapter addresses the right of access to information, reinforced as a fundamental rule for citizens in the Brazilian constitutional norm of 1988, now regulated, more closely, from the enactment of the law on access to information in 2011. It represents an important legislative instrument of reinforcement of the principle of publicity, as well as the main infraconstitutional standard guaranteeing access to information. The requirement of a clear and transparent accountability environment by the public manager is a republican assumption of massive participation by society. This is because the right of access to information of a public nature provides a better control of public expenditures, while allowing, on the other hand, promotion of social control of a diffuse nature. It should be pointed out that, with greater knowledge of their own rights, the citizen goes through a faster inclusion process, either in the subjectivation of a minimal role of rights that he does not know, or in the clarification of his duties as a participant in the process of state maintenance.
Research as Resistance
Authors: Jones Denisha
Published: December 2021

This chapter provides an overview of activist research and how it is used in various fields including anthropology, social movements, and education. It discusses the impetus for incorporating activism into theoretical frameworks and research methodologies and the distinct aspects of activist research. Youth participatory action research (YPAR) is examined to identify how activist research can be situated into the methods and outcomes. Finally, a YPAR study is examined to illustrate how activist research can serve as a guided framework.
Young Citizen's Political Engagement in India
Authors: Paruthi Mandakini , Mendiratta Priyam , Gupta Gaurav
Published: December 2021

Social media has emerged as a dominant digital medium platform in contemporary society. The quick development of social media has instigated changes concerning the way publics to interact with a group of people with similar ideologies, the quality of information they share, or the opportunity to acquire and share ideas. Social media use has a major influence on public relations, marketing, and political communication. Therefore, politicians are formulating their strategies to reach increasingly networked individuals. The chapter defines political engagement concept, focuses on excessive use of social media to understand how the emergence of digital citizenship is changing political engagement. In addition to this, the chapter also examines whether the use of social media exercise any effect on 2014 and 2019. General elections outcome or not and discuss the proposed conceptual framework for future empirical testing. The chapter highlights the various concerns needed to be taken care of while using social media as a marketing tool for promoting political participation and engagement.
Will Facebook Encourage Citizen Participation?
Authors: Chu Pin-Yu , Tseng Hsien-Lee , Chen Yu-Jui
Published: December 2021

Facebook, the most popular social media in the world, has changed the ways of citizen involvement in governance. Politicians and (elected) public administrators worldwide have adopted Facebook as an important approach to connect with citizens. This study explores whether the Facebook phenomenon can improve the process of online political communication and citizen participation. The study adapts a content analysis method and proposes six strategies for analyzing Facebook page posts of Taiwanese legislators. The authors compare Facebook posts during both election and regular sessions to see the difference in patterns of these posts and communication strategies adopted by the legislators. The findings reveal that a percentage of e-participation achieves an acceptable rate, but most communication of legislator Facebook is one way. The results indicate that legislators' Facebook is another platform to distribute public information to citizens, and many have potential to create more public values.
Understanding Political Consumerism, Political Participation, and Their Antecedents
Authors: Gulen Ertem , Aygoren Oguzhan
Published: December 2021

Political consumerism is a form of self-expression where consumers boycott or buycott a brand, company, or a product. The increase in the amount of these actions in recent years has led scholars and marketers improve their understanding of how and why consumers engage in political consumerism and what its predecessors are. By employing a wide scale survey among 360 participants in Turkey, this study presents empirical and qualitative evidence for boycott behavior and investigates how other forms of political participation and individual level characteristics have an effect on political consumerism. Results suggest main reason for boycott behavior in Turkey is due to political reasons and conservatism as an individual level value orientation has a negative effect on boycott behavior. In addition, online activism and voting participation behaviors have positive effects on political consumerism.
Citizens' Use of the Internet and Public Service Delivery
Authors: Zhu Qinfeng , Skoric Marko M , Peng Tai-Quan
Published: December 2021

This article examines citizens' use of the Internet as a popular feedback mechanism, and argues that it can help improve institutional performance. Specifically, it assesses the relationship between Internet penetration rate and public service delivery across 31 first-level administrative divisions in People's Republic of China from 1997 to 2014. A hierarchical linear modelling was conducted using secondary data released by the National Bureau of Statistics and the China Internet Network Information Centre. The result shows a positive relationship between Internet penetration rate and public service delivery when controlling for GDP per capita and education level. The positive relationship increases over time in general. The implications of Internet use for performance-based legitimacy and its impact on political change (or stability) in the authoritarian context are further discussed.
Civic Engagement on Voters Turnout in General Election
Authors: Kisusu Robert Wankanya , Tongori Samsosn T.
Published: December 2021

The concern of voter turnout during general election is a serious problem. As such, the study found that civic engagement influences significantly voter turnout during general election in Tanzania. The findings based on primary data and descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model identified how civic engagement influences maximum voters turnout. These include putting names of voters before election day, authority to enforce law protecting voters, communities to know the importance of voting, Further, logistic regression model also deepens the finding that civic engagement influences voters turnout by establishing gender system on voting and emphasis youth's registration before election and .to encourage voters so that they know importance of voting. Conclusion is that voter turnout requires well organised and arranged packages of civic engagement. Recommendation is to emphasis on civic engagement as it explores voters' interest specifically democratic system and transparency.
College Student Activism on Campus
Authors: Miller Michael T. , Nadler Daniel P.
Published: December 2021

This chapter provides an overview of the definition of activism, highlighting the current national context for how activism is implemented and perceived, and then exploring how colleges and universities have begun to manage student activism, primarily in the interest of learning, but also in relation to risk management. The concept of managed activism tied to learning is explored against the background of college student development, and is also tied to public and institutional policy. The chapter concludes with a preface to the remainder of the book, noting the inter-relationship between activism and the larger world both on and off campus.
Higher Public Officials on Direct Citizen Participation in Turkey
Authors: Saylam Ayşegül , Karkın Naci , Kocaoğlu Belgin Uçar
Published: December 2021

Governments are expected to introduce public policies to empower citizens to engage in government business for various reasons including trust building. This chapter presents enablers/barriers before direct citizen participation (DCP) in Turkey by employing interviews conducted with higher public administrators at the ministerial level. The results reveal that DCP is mostly used for informing and consultation purposes rather than fostering a citizen deliberation. The main barriers before DCP are found as centralized bureaucratic structure, lack of administrators' awareness for DCP, and a lack of participation culture. The authors argue that DCP could be fostered where public officials are curious rather than institutionalized.
Rise and Fall of Digital Activism in Mexico From 2000-2019
Authors: Sandoval-Almazan Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

Political activism is more alive than ever. After the scandal of Facebook and Cambridge Analytica, online social media platforms restricted the distribution of content to privacy laws. But populism disruption in many countries fosters political discontent. Online protests and everyday claims are rising. Add to this context environmental problems and an absence of an ideological framework. All these conditions foster the use of digital activism. But this field of research has studied single cases, losing connections with societies and history. The aim of this chapter is to explain the evolution of digital activism in a long period of time. To achieve such purpose, the author analyzes 11 Mexican events that took place from 2000 to 2019 and provide a classification framework to understand how digital activism transforms over time.
Engaging Young Voters in the Political Process
Authors: Bignoux Stephane
Published: December 2021

The aim of this chapter is to analyse young voter engagement in modern Western democracies. Why young voters? Young voters are disengaged from the political process. In order to complete the analysis, the author adapts an engagement model from social media marketing. The adapted model consists of three parts: consumption, contribution, and (co) creation of brand related materials. The author hypothesises that each aspect of the model is related to the other and that all three aspects of the model are positively related to loyalty to the political party brand. The aim of this conceptual adaptation is to investigate a new way to re-engage young voters with the political party brand, thereby strengthening one pillar of modern democracy.
Amalgamation of Game-Based Learning With Interactive Instructional Strategies for Active Learner Engagement
Authors: Dhamija Ankit , Dhamija Deepika
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the teaching-learning process in higher education has undergone unprecedented change. Learners from across the world can enroll in any university using online platforms. This learning freedom is fantastic for all stakeholders, but it raises some serious concerns, such as how to ensure effective learner engagement and make the learning experience meaningful for the learners. While technology has aided learning, it has also become a significant source of distraction for students, as they spend too much time on gadgets solely for entertainment. This necessitates innovative and engaging teaching styles from educators. Designing course content as a game makes learning more engaging as learners get a sense of motivation and accomplishment. However, aligning games with lesson plans, designing assessment criteria, and learning outcomes takes a significant amount of time and effort. Hence, this chapter proposes learner-centered interactive instructional strategies that employ GBL to pique learners' curiosity and recommends popular GBL platforms for creating educational games.
Interactive Multimedia Experiences in Higher Education
Authors: Gouveia Patrícia , Lima Luciana , Unterholzner Anna
Published: December 2021

This chapter presents experiences in using gaming and interactive media in higher education environments since 2017 culminating in the 2020/21 years when the COVID-19 pandemic forced teachers and students to adopt different work methodologies. Participatory design strategies merged with a tradition of critical and interdisciplinary studies in humanities mediated by online technologies helped shape these strategies enhanced by the cooperation from three different faculties from Lisbon University in Portugal (Universidade de Lisboa, UL), namely FBAUL, IST, and IGOT. The aim of these experiments was to augment the potential for innovation and research taking advantage of gaming research methodologies to involve teachers and students in a common context. This chapter also shows research done in interactive media, augmented and virtual reality, game art, and gender equity. The year 2020 showed how institutional collaboration can open learning spaces to a more focused approach on the interests of young people and to promote a more sustainable and dynamic future.
Digital Storyworlds
Authors: Le Rossignol Karen
Published: December 2021

The digital storyworld model is conceptualised in this chapter as an innovative digital storytelling that incorporates both transmedia and meaning-making narrative approaches. Working with Aristotelian story elements in a non-linear digital series of mini-worlds, the higher education narrator-as-learner enters real-world situations mirrored in a fictional and fragmented environment. The model encourages a playful engagement in the experiential learning process through a range of points of view, encouraging empathy for differing perspectives that are transferable to real-life environments.
Educational Video Games for Learning English Vocabulary
Authors: Qiao Jianshu , Woodward John R. , Alam Atm S.
Published: December 2021

Researchers have been exploring the potential of educational video games for learning English vocabulary. The primary focus is on two questions: (1) Can educational video games motivate students to learn English vocabulary (which explores students' attitudes)? and (2) Are educational video games effective in acquiring English vocabulary (which explores learning outcomes)? Good quality empirical research on this is rare because of the shortage of games specific to educational purposes. In addition, although some researchers have contributed to answering these two questions, their methodology is not convincing. Therefore, this chapter aims to provide an overview of their methodologies by introducing participant groups, popular educational video games, pre-test, post-test, and data analysis. Finally, this chapter will inspire researchers to conduct more reliable empirical research, thereby making better-found contributions to the field.
Astronomy and Space-Themed Mobile Games
Authors: Bampasidis Georgios Eleftherios , Galani Apostolia , Skordoulis Constantine
Published: December 2021

This chapter aims to contribute to the discussion of incorporating mobile games with astronomy and space themes in order to support science learning. One concern is when these games include erroneous science content. In this case, they may build or enhance misconceptions or misunderstandings, which eventually create learning barriers. The authors try to determine the learning strategies or pedagogies which can be used to incorporate such games in science education. Research on which characteristics these games should have is also presented. Game-based learning is in alignment with acquiring and developing 21st century literacy skills. One of these skills, information literacy, is related to domain knowledge learning.
Political Economy Inside the Strategy of Line Game
Authors: Biswas Annesha , Dam Tinanjali , Kureethara Joseph Varghese , Varma Sankar
Published: December 2021

In today's world, the concept of the game and game theory is turned into new methods of knowing and understanding some of the human behaviours followed by society. In the 21st century, behavioural economics plays a major role in understanding the concept of the `line' game and hence the strategies followed by it. It is a country game played in many parts of India. It is a two-person game with very simple rules and moves. It can be played indoors. Students play the game during the break-outs. The game keenly and minutely determines the objectivity of the game and the behaviour of the players involved inside the game and the way one starts moving helps the other players to understand what one is trying to portray through the game whether it is winning or losing. The strategies involved can be put forth and looked upon from different perspectives. Referring to one such perspective, it can be looked at from a concept of Pareto efficiency, a microeconomic concept. It helps develop logical skills and learn winning strategies.
Using Custom-Built, Small-Scale Educational Solutions to Teach Qualitative Research Literacy
Authors: Bengsch Geraldine
Published: December 2021

This chapter considers ways in which educators can create their own educational applications to integrate into their teaching. It is argued that interactive uses of technology can aid student engagement and encourage uptake of skills presented to them. Today, tools available allow everyone to create not only static websites, but also functional applications. It is possible to get started without knowing how to code, empowering anyone with an interest in technology to become a creator. While these no and low code solutions may come with some restrictions, they may encourage users to explore more traditional ways to engage with code and its possibilities for teaching. The chapter aims to encourage readers to look at technology as a creative practice to include into their teaching. It suggests strategies to help readers select the most appropriate tool for their projects.
Believe It or Not
Authors: Shih Hung-Pin , Lai Kee-hung , Guo Xitong , Guo Xitong , Cheng T. C. E.
Published: December 2021

Most theories of information security policy (ISP), except a few focused on the insider-centric view, are grounded in the control-centric perspective, and most ISP compliance models stem from Western countries. Regulatory focus theory (RFT) proposes two modes of motivational regulation, promotion and prevention focused that are supposed to motivate employee compliance in a trade-off. Culture is crucial to the study of ISP that puts control over human connections. Chinese guanxi, a specific dimension of Chinese culture, is better understood underlying the trust-distrust frame. To bridge the theoretical gap between the control-centric and the insider-centric perspectives, we develop an ISP behavioral model by taking an integrated approach from RFT and the trust-distrust frame. We employed scenario-based events about information security misconduct in the workplace to examine employees’ compliance intention and non-violation choice of ISP upon counterfactual thinking. Our empirical results improve the theoretical and practical implications of security practices.
COVID-19 Vaccine Global Information Management Through Bibliometrics
Authors: Tchuente Dieudonne , Nyawa Serge , Wamba Samuel Fosso
Published: December 2021

Vaccination is nowadays the most used option to stem the covid-19 pandemic. The global impact of the pandemic has triggered an unprecedented frenzy for research axis related to COVID-19 vaccine. Since 2019, the volume of publications related to COVID-19 vaccines has swollen significantly. In this very dynamic context, it can be difficult to quickly access the state and orientations of the researches. Thus, the goal of this paper is to provide a quick, fast comprehensive science mapping of these researches through an information management bibliometric approach. We extracted 8 246 publications (up to July 08th 2021) related to COVID-19 and vaccination from a world-leading publisher-independent global citation database (Scopus). The Bibliometrix package was then used to perform a bibliometric review of all these documents. The most important connections between the main themes, publications, authors, institutions, countries, collaborations, and journals are being highlighted. Main implications for the Information System along with some future research directions are also presented.
Dependência do tabaco e nível de monóxido de carbono em trabalhadores terceirizados
Authors: Pires Nadaleti Nayara , Felipe Ribeiro Jefferson , Martins Ferreira Poliana , Valverde Marques dos Santos Sérgio , Alves Nogueira Denismar , Olimpia Barbosa Felipe Adriana , De Souza Terra Fábio
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar a dependência física do tabaco e o nível de monóxido de carbono no ar exalado (status tabágico) em trabalhadores terceirizados de uma universidade pública. Método: estudo descritivo-analítico, transversal, quantitativo, desenvolvido com 316 trabalhadores terceirizados de uma universidade pública. Os dados foram coletados por meio do instrumento de caracterização dos participantes, do Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence e do aparelho monoxímetro. Resultados: dos 316 trabalhadores terceirizados, apenas 41 relataram o uso de tabaco ou derivados e 39% destes possuíam grau de dependência física do tabaco elevado/muito elevado. A maioria (90,2%) deles possuía status tabágico considerados fumantes. As variáveis dependência física do tabaco e nível de monóxido de carbono no ar exalado apresentaram associação estatística (p=0,038).  Conclusão: alguns trabalhadores possuíam dependência física ao tabaco; por isso, torna-se importante a criação e adoção de políticas públicas que atendam a este tipo de população, assim como, a presença de um enfermeiro nas empresas, com vistas para a promoção da saúde dos trabalhadores.
Representações sociais do HIV/AIDS para profissionais de saúde em contexto amazônico: diferentes escolaridades e seus consensos
Authors: Monteiro Wagner Ferreira , Travassos Márcia Cristine Pires , Ferreira Darlisom Sousa , Gonçalves Maria Jacirema Ferreira , Honorato Eduardo Jorge Sant'Ana , Teixeira Elizabeth , De Oliveira Denize Cristina
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: identificar os elementos centrais e periféricos da estrutura das representações sociais do HIV/AIDS entre profissionais de saúde de diferentes categorias de escolaridade. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, apoiado pela teoria das representações sociais na vertente estrutural. Pesquisa desenvolvida com 58 profissionais de saúde de diferentes escolaridades, nível superior e médio, em cinco serviços na cidade de Manaus, AM, por meio da aplicação da técnica de associação livre e hierarquização de palavras ao termo indutor “HIV/AIDS”. Os dados obtidos foram processados no software EVOC e a análise estrutural das representações. Resultados: ao se comparar as estruturas representacionais dos dois grupos de profissionais, verificou-se nos dois o predomínio de uma dimensão negativa presente no núcleo central e em alguns elementos periféricos de traços igualmente negativos com a presença de elementos positivos, principalmente fora do núcleo central. Verificou-se, no entanto, que se trata de uma mesma representação social que não apresenta diferenças estruturais em função de se tratar do grupo com nível médio ou superior de escolaridade. Conclusão: os elementos negativos que permanecem no núcleo central suscitam percepções convergentes entre os profissionais, o que indica necessidade de fortalecer a educação permanente com vistas a ampliar a reflexão sobre HIV/AIDS nas unidades e serviços especializados.
Fratura de fêmur nos idosos: tempo de espera cirúrgica e desfecho da hospitalização
Authors: Alcantara Carlos , Dellaroza Mara Solange Gomes , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito , Carvalho Cesar Junior Aparecido de
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o tempo de espera para correção de fratura de fêmur, seus fatores associados e o desfecho de hospitalização. Método: Transversal exploratório, com a população de idosos ≥60 anos internados por fratura de fêmur no período de 2015 a 2017. Os dados foram coletados através do prontuário físico, comanálises estatísticas considerando o nível de significância estatística de p<0,05. Resultados: Dos idosos estudados, 61,4% correspondem ao sexo feminino. Aqueles que permaneceram por mais do que sete dias à espera de cirurgia se associaram ao tempo de hospitalização maior do que 10 dias, lesão por pressão (p<0,001) e ao desfecho óbito (p=0,003). A média de permanência hospitalar foi de 13,8 dias e do tempo esperadopela cirurgia de 6,6 dias. A espera da realização do risco cirúrgico e vaga em unidade de terapia intensiva foram fatores que provocaram atraso na realização da cirurgia em 23,2% dos idosos. Conclusão: Esperar pela cirurgia por mais de sete dias aumentou o tempo de permanência hospitalar e a taxa de mortalidade. Além disso, a ausência de vaga de terapia intensiva e a espera pelo risco cirúrgico contribuíram para o atraso da cirurgia e seu desfecho.
A pedagogia radical e inclusiva diante do condicionamento
Authors: Sabbi Carlos Roberto , Rosa Geraldo Antônio da
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar, enquanto possibilidade, a Pedagogia Radical e Inclusiva como caminho para formação de um ser humano diante dos condicionamentos, visando a um maior equilíbrio por meio do Estado Consciente. O problema desta investigação consiste na seguinte questão: Diante dos condicionamentos em que o ser humano se encontra envolvido, os referenciais teóricos da Pedagogia Radical e Inclusiva podem servir de horizontes para uma formação que paute um Estado Consciente? A educação, atualmente, vem carregando um pesado fardo, advindo dos pressupostos da racionalidade instrumental, servindo, assim, aos interesses mercadológicos e dos projetos de modernidade. Estes voltam- se à formação de um indivíduo que se adeque às exigências do mercado. Além desse contexto, o artigo aborda a conjuntura condicionante sob os mais diversos aspectos que envolve a vida e a quase ausência de descondicionantes nos processos educativos. Nesse sentido, busca-se no decorrer deste trabalho analisar as seguintes categorias: pensamento complexo; excelência; autonomia; estado pleno; e pedagogia radical e inclusiva. Como metodologia utilizou-se a hermenêutica-reconstrutiva, concluindo-se que o egocentrismo reprime a formação, mas que se espera atingir um patamar cognitivo de excelência antes que os seres humanos destruam a si próprios e/ou o planeta.
A educação pré-escolar e a produção acadêmica
Authors: Elizabeth Ferreira Gonçalves Prado Alessandra , Arce Hai Alessandra
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo se insere no contexto da história intelectual e objetiva analisar e apresentar, ainda que de forma ensaística, no período aqui delimitado (1970-1998), a construção das redes de sociabilidade do campo intelectual da educação de crianças pequenas. Partimos de 78 artigos publicados na área em três periódicos reconhecidos no cenário brasileiro. Baseamo-nos nas proposições do historiador Jean-François Sirinelli e seus categoriais, a saber: gerações, itinerários e redes de sociabilidade. Este trabalho divide-se em três partes: os grupos de pesquisa, suas líderes e suas publicações. A seguir desenhamos itinerários, gerações e redes de sociabilidade de cinco ‘grandes’ intelectuais. Ao fim, entendemos que tal rede deteve o protagonismo na circulação de ideias educativas, produzindo e assessorando materiais de visibilidade nacional. Além disso, formaram-se novas gerações que atuaram e ainda atuam em destaque nesse cenário.
State of Agricultural Finance in India
Authors: Srinivasan N
Published: December 2021

Agricultural finance has come a long way in the past 15 years. After the concerted efforts of GOI, supported by RBI and NABARD, towards doubling of agricultural credit flow in 2004¬¬¬¬--2005, the growth in credit flow to the sector has been robust with an impressive CAGR of 18% between 2004--2005 and 2019--2020. While outreach increased, the Terms of Trade (Farmers and Non-farmers) has largely been on a declining trend, reflecting the underlying stressed conditions in farming. There is a challenge of inclusion, where small and marginal farmers continue to struggle for suitable and affordable credit products and access. This book summarizes the current state of agricultural finance in India, highlighting policy blind spots and grey areas. It documents the important advancements made in the agri-finance space in the last few years. The book covers various aspects of Agri-Finance Policy; institutional appetite and architecture for agriculture credit; formal financial services for enterprises in agriculture; agri-business, including FPOs; and innovations in credit, insurance, delivery mechanisms for agri-sector.
A physics-informed multi-fidelity approach for the estimation of differential equations parameters in low-data or large-noise regimes
Authors: Regazzoni Francesco , Pagani Stefano , Cosenza Alessandro , Lombardi Alessandro , Quarteroni Alfio
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we propose a multi-fidelity approach for parameter estimation problems based on Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). The proposed methods apply to models expressed by linear or nonlinear differential equations, whose parameters need to be estimated starting from (possibly partial and noisy) measurements of the model’s solution. To overcome the limitations of PINNs in case only few and/or significantly noisy data are available, we propose to train a first Artificial Neural Network (ANN), that provides a low-fidelity solution, using a dataset constructed with numerical simulations of the parametrized mathematical model. Then, we express the solution as the sum of the low-fidelity solution and a correction term, provided by a second ANN, which is trained by simultaneously minimizing the distance of the solution from the data and the residual of the differential equation, evaluated at a suitable set of collocation points. For the setup of the multi-fidelity formulation, we propose two alternative approaches. In the first one, we train the low-fidelity solution with data obtained for a fixed value of the parameters, representing an initial guess for the parameters to be estimated (possibly deriving from prior knowledge). In the second approach, the low-fidelity solution encodes the parametric dependence, being trained on data generated by sampling the parameter space and including the parameters themselves among its independent variables. Numerical tests performed for two benchmark problems, a steady-state and a time-dependent advection-diffusion-reaction partial differential equations, show that the first approach allows the convergence of the PINN training to accelerate significantly. The second approach, in addition to improving the convergence speed, increases the accuracy of the parameters estimate. This is emphasized in cases characterized by a small number of available measurements (possibly affected by noise). Finally, we show an application of the proposed multi-fidelity approach in the context of cardiac electrophysiology. Specifically, we employ a multi-fidelity PINN to estimate an unknown parameter of a nonlinear model describing the ionic dynamics of cardiac cells, starting from noisy measurements of the transmembrane potential.
Hilbert modules and complex analytic fibre spaces
Authors: Upmeier Harald
Published: December 2021

We describe the ‘‘eigenbundle’’ (localization bundle) of Hilbert modules over bounded symmetric domains and show that the fibres are closely related to Kähler geometry of certain flag manifolds defined in terms of Jordan algebras. This gives an intriguing relationship between Hilbert space operators, coherent module sheaves and geometry of Jordan manifolds. The resulting complex-analytic fibre spaces are stratified of arbitrary depth

r

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Statin Supply and Polydrug Use in Older Adults: A Focus on Drug Combinations that Reduce Bone Density
Authors: Ho JaHyun , Kim Bokyoung , Kim Kue Sook , Jihn Chang-Ho , Kim Min-Young , Kang Dae Ryong , Park You Hyun , Ahn Jihyun
Published: December 2021

Background: We investigated the comorbidities of individuals who were prescribed statins to identify the use of bone mineral density (BMD)-reducing drugs, examine polydrug use trends involving these drugs, and explore their relationship with osteoporosis. Methods: We analyzed claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (January 2014–December 2018). We sampled 20% of 8,379,419 patients aged ≥50 years who were prescribed statins. Among them, we analyzed the data of those who were administered two or more prescriptions for 14 days or longer within 6 months of the initial date of statin prescription. Data on comorbidities and drugs that can potentially reduce BMD were obtained. Osteoporosis-related diagnoses were obtained as an outcome measure. The relationship between statins and BMD-reducing drugs was analyzed using logistic regression.Results: Among the 4,138 statin users aged 50 years or older, 552 were diagnosed with osteoporosis. The most common comorbidity in statin users was hypertension, followed by ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. The most frequently administered BMD-reducing drugs were proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The osteoporosis diagnosis rate was higher in patients who were prescribed both statins and PPIs or both statins and levothyroxine than in those using only a statin. Conclusion: PPIs and levothyroxine should be prescribed cautiously in statin users and bone densitometry should be proactively performed considering the increased risk of osteoporosis.
Latent Opportunities for Heritage Tourism in South Africa: Evidence from Mahikeng and Surrounds
Authors: Drummond James , Drummond Fiona , Rogerson Christian
Published: December 2021

In many parts of the global South heritage is one of the major drivers for destination development. This case study builds upon the existing international scholarship on heritage as a driver for local economic development. The focus on the study is Mahikeng and the wider Ngaka Modiri Molema District in the North West province where there is a wealth of underutilised local cultural and heritage assets. This valuable asset base stems from the area’s history of multi-cultural interactions and with important historical events that occurred in the area relating to the colonial town of Mafeking; the Siege of Mafeking, the founding of the Boy Scout movement and the Anglo-Boer War (South African War); the life of David Livingstone; the life and experiences of prominent African leaders like Sol Plaatje and Dr (Ngaka) Modiri Molema; and, African cultural heritage. However, many heritage assets in the area are underutilised due to the peripheral location of the town, poor marketing and low visitor numbers, as well as, poor maintenance. Arguably, Mahikeng and its surrounds enjoys a rich heritage asset base which offers latent opportunities for a future expansion of heritage tourism and an expanded contribution of tourism for the local economy.
Views of Kindergarten and First-Grade Teachers on School Readiness
Authors: Erkan Nefise Semra , Elkin Nurten , Kavgaoğlu Derya , Ocal Dörterler Sümeyye , Kerigan Buse
Published: December 2021

This study aimed at investigating the views of kindergarten and first-grade teachers on school readiness. The study group of this study consisted of kindergarten (n=16) and first-grade teachers (n=16) working in public and private kindergartens and primary schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul, Turkey. The phenomenology model, one of the qualitative research designs, was adopted in this study. The “Semi-Structured Teacher Interview Form” prepared by Erkan was used to determine the opinions of teachers on school readiness. The data obtained from the study were analyzed by using the content analysis technique. In addition to this, the opinions of kindergarten and first-grade teachers on school readiness were included with direct quotations. As a result of this study, it was determined that kindergarten and first-grade teachers had similar and different opinions on school readiness. Recommendations were provided in line with the findings obtained.
Identity and Writing: the Case of Eastern Sephardic Women
Authors: Martín Ortega Elisa
Published: December 2021

Access to written culture, which began to be widespread among Sephardic women in the former Ottoman Empire at the end of the nineteenth century, opens a new perspective in gender studies of the Jewish minority in Muslim societies. Writing constitutes one of the main vehicles through which individuals appropriate their own identity and culture. In this sense, female Eastern Sephardic writers represent a fascinating example of how a cultural minority elaborates its consciousness and the awareness of its past. This article deals with this specific issue: the way that both the first Sephardic female writers and those who followed were able to elaborate a new identity through the act of writing and the awareness of its multiple possibilities. The first Sephardic female writers (Reina Hakohén, Rosa Gabay and Laura Papo) show us their contradictions: the identification with the traditional roles of women, the continuous justifications of their work as writers, the redefinition of what means to be a female writer in the context of Eastern Sephardic societies.