bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Steer the Rheology of Solvent with Little Surfactant to Exfoliate MoS2 Nanosheet by Liquid Phase Exfoliation Method
Authors: Zhou Dan , Yin Jianzhong
Published: September 2020

A surfactant system L64 and alcohol mixture was employed to exfoliate MoS2. To reduce the impact of surfactant on the quality of the nanosheet, the concentration of L64 was decreased to an extremely low value 0.0325 mM. Utilize common ultrasonic bath, the production yield of the nanosheet was increased to about 5% per hour, and statistical results from AFM showed that 40% of the nanosheet were less than 4 nm thick. Rheology characterization showed that surfactant alcohol mixtures were shear thinning fluid, yet the viscosity of L64 system varies directly with the shear rate in the high-speed shear region (higher than 400 s−1), and further affect the shear strength, therefore viscosity at high-speed shear can be considered as an indicator of the effectiveness for the exfoliation system. Exfoliated MoS2 was evaluated by hydrogen evolution reaction, and compared to the bulk MoS2, the 4 wt% Pt/FL-MoS2 improved the overpotential from 366 mV to 273 mV at 10 mA[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. This study presented a facile and effective route to fabricate 2D MoS2 with much less residue, and bring more opportunities to exploit clean and nontoxic system to exfoliate 2D materials.
EC-Backward-E Electrochemistry in Radical Cation Diels-Alder Reactions
Authors: Nakayama Kaii , Kamiya Hidehiro , Okada Yohei
Published: September 2020

Cascade processes, including electron transfer (E), chemical reaction (C), and backward electron transfer (E), are known as EC-backward-E mechanisms; however, they are rarely observed directly. Herein, we demonstrate that direct observation of EC-backward-E processes in radical cation Diels-Alder reactions is possible using cyclic voltammetry measurements. Formal expressions for the plausible reaction mechanisms provide a reasonable understanding of the processes, which are also supported by the highest occupied molecular orbitals and spin density distributions plotted from density functional theory calculations.
Hydrogen sulfide accumulates LDL receptor precursor via downregulating PCSK9 in HepG2 cells
Authors: Huang Yong , Ning Ke , Li Wen-Wen , Lin Ge , Hou Cui-Lan , Wang Ming-Jie , Zhu Yi-Chun
Published: September 2020

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) affects cholesterol homeostasis and liver X receptor α (LXRα) expression. However, whether low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR), a key player in cholesterol homeostasis, is regulated by exogenous H2S through LXRα signaling has not been determined. We investigated the effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, H2S donor) on LDLR expression in the presence or absence of LXR agonists, T0901317 or GW3965 in HepG2 cells. We found that H2S strongly accumulated LDLR precursor in the presence of T0901317. Hence, LDLR transcription and the genes involved in LDLR precursor maturation and degradation were studied. T0901317 increased the LDLR mRNA level, whereas H2S did not affect LDLR transcription. H2S had no significant effect on the expression of LXRα and inducible degrader of LDLR (IDOL). H2S and T0901317 altered mRNA levels of several enzymes for N- and O-glycosylation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones assisting LDLR maturation, but did not affect their protein levels. H2S decreased proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) protein levels and its mRNA level elevated by T0901317. T0901317 with PCSK9 siRNA also accumulated LDLR precursor as did T0901317 with H2S. High glucose increased PCSK9 protein levels and attenuated LDLR precursor accumulation induced by T0901317 with H2S. Taken together, H2S accumulates LDLR precursor by downregulating PCSK9 expression but not through the LXRα-IDOL pathway, LDLR transcriptional activation, or dysfunction of glycosylation enzymes and ER chaperones. These results also indicate that PCSK9 plays an important role in LDLR maturation in addition to its well-known effect on the degradation of LDLR mature form.
Altering aspects of mitochondrial quality to improve musculoskeletal outcomes in disuse atrophy
Authors: Rosa-Caldwell Megan E. , Lim Seongkyun , Haynie Wesley S. , Jansen Lisa T. , Westervelt Lauren C. , Amos Madeline G. , Washington Tyrone A. , Greene Nicholas P.
Published: September 2020

We present data suggesting that mitochondria-based interventions may mitigate disuse atrophy. However, the efficacy of mitochondria-based interventions may vary depending on the specific target of the intervention and the sex of the organism. Females appear to be more responsive to increased mitochondrial catalase as a potential therapeutic for mitigating disuse atrophy.
Finite-Time Stability of Atangana–Baleanu Fractional-Order Linear Systems
Authors: Sheng Jiale , Jiang Wei , Pang Denghao
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates a fractional-order linear system in the frame of Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative. First, we prove that some properties for the Caputo fractional derivative also hold in the sense of AB fractional derivative. Subsequently, several sufficient criteria to guarantee the finite-time stability and the finite-time boundedness for the system are derived. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the validity of our main results.
Prognostic Factors in Patients with Rhabdomyosarcoma Using Competing-Risks Analysis: A Study of Cases in the SEER Database
Authors: Han Didi , Li Chengzhuo , Li Xiang , Huang Qiao , Xu Fengshuo , Zheng Shuai , Wang Hui , Lyu Jun
Published: September 2020

Background. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignant soft-tissue sarcoma characterized by a poor outcome and unclear prognostic factors. This study applied a competing-risks analysis using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to RMS patients, with the aim of identifying more accurate prognostic factors. Methods. Data of all patients with RMS during 1986–2015 were extracted from the SEER database. We used the competing-risks approach to calculate the cumulative incidence function (CIF) for death due to rhabdomyosarcoma (DTR) and death from other causes (DOC) at each time point. The Fine–Gray subdistribution proportional-hazards model was then applied in univariate and multivariate analyses to determine how the CIF differs between groups and to identify independent prognostic factors. The potential prognostic factors were analyzed using the competing-risks analysis methods in SAS and R statistical software. Results. This study included 3399 patients with RMS. The 5-year cumulative incidence rates of DTR and DOC after an RMS diagnosis were 39.9% and 8.7%, respectively. The multivariate analysis indicated that age, year of diagnosis, race, primary site, historic stage, tumor size, histology subtype, and surgery status significantly affected the probability of DTR and were independent prognostic factors in patients with RMS. A nomogram model was constructed based on multivariate models for DTR and DOC. The performances of the two models were validated by calibration and discrimination, with C-index values of 0.758 and 0.670, respectively. Conclusions. A prognostic nomogram model based on the competing-risks model has been established for predicting the probability of death in patients with RMS. This validated prognostic model may be useful when choosing treatment strategies and for predicting survival.
Clinical Significance of CD147 in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wang Hongli , Ye Jun , Liu Ruitao , Chen Guanhua , Zhao Junhong , Huang Ling , Yang Fangying , Li Musheng , Zhang Shunxian , Jingxie  , Xiong Liya , Chen Huan , Xu Yuxin , Su Mingmin , Xie Yuanwen , Li Songyu , Zheng Fengfeng , Geng Lanlan , Xu Wanfu , Gong Sitang
Published: September 2020

Background. CD147/basigin (Bsg), a transmembrane glycoprotein, activates matrix metalloproteinases and promotes inflammation. Objective. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical significance of CD147 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results. In addition to monocytes, the clinical analysis showed that there is no significance obtained in leucocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, and erythrocyte between IBD and controls. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CD147 was increased in intestinal tissue of patients with active IBD compared to that in the control group. What is more, CD147 is involved in intestinal barrier function and intestinal inflammation, which was attributed to the fact that it has an influence on MCT4 expression, a regulator of intestinal barrier function and intestinal inflammation, in HT‐29 and CaCO2 cells. Most importantly, serum level of CD147 content is higher in active IBD than that in inactive IBD or healthy control, which could be a biomarker of IBD. Conclusion. The data suggested that increased CD147 level could be a biomarker of IBD in children.
Heterogeneous Fenton Oxidation Using Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticles for Ibuprofen Removal from Wastewater: Optimization and Kinetics Studies
Authors: Ivanets Andrei , Prozorovich Vladimir , Roshchina Marina , Grigoraviciute-Puroniene Inga , Zarkov Aleksej , Kareiva Aivaras , Wang Zhao , Srivastava Varsha , Sillanpää Mika
Published: September 2020

In this study, the catalytic properties of Fenton-like catalyst based on magnesium ferrite nanoparticles for IBP degradation were examined. Structural and morphological studies showed the low crystallinity and mesoporous structure for the catalyst obtained via a glycine-nitrate method. The influences of catalyst dosage, oxidant concentration, and solution pH on the pollutant degradation were investigated. The pseudo-first-order model describes kinetic data, and under optimal condition (catalyst dose of 0.5 g L-1, H2O2 concentration of 20.0 mM, and pH of 8.0), apparent rate constant reached 0.091 min-1. It was shown that Fenton reaction was mainly induced by iron atoms on the catalyst surface, which is supported by very low iron leaching (up to 0.05 mg L-1) and high catalytic activity at neutral solution pH (6.0-8.0). It was found that the IBP mineralization onto magnesium ferrite catalyst was rapid and reached up to 98-100% within 40 min. Thus, prepared magnesium ferrite nanoparticles can be used as an effective Fenton-like catalyst for the IBP degradation from wastewater.
Robust Cross-Orthogonality Check Using the Principle of Local Correspondence
Authors: Skafte Anders , Lopez Manuel Aenlle , Brincker Rune
Published: September 2020

The cross-orthogonality check (XOR) is a widely used correlation measure for validating finite element (FE) models, where the orthogonality between analytical and experimental mode shapes is measured as the inner product over the mass matrix. Ideally, this yields the identity matrix where any deviation from this matrix can be seen as a lack of correlation. One of the drawbacks of this measure is its sensitivity to noise on the experimental mode shapes, which can have a significant influence. The present paper presents a new way of calculating the XOR which provides robust results towards noise. The method, known as the principle of local correspondence (LC), is a mode shape-based technique for expanding experimental mode shapes using a unique linear combination of FE modes. The advantage of using the LC principle for calculating the XOR is that no reduced mass matrix is needed, and the influence towards noise on the mode shapes is reduced compared with other known techniques. In this paper, the method is validated using probabilistic numerical investigations. An FE model of a shell structure is used as a case study where Monte Carlo simulations are used to change the material properties and create a variety of different noise scenarios. The results are compared with similar simulations using Guyan and SEREP.
Destination Estimation for Bus Passengers Based on Data Fusion
Authors: Liu Wusheng , Tan Qian , Liu Lisheng
Published: September 2020

The planning and operation of urban buses depend heavily on the time-varying origin-destination (OD) matrix for bus passengers. In most cities, however, only boarding information is recorded, while the alighting information is not available. This paper proposes a novel method to predict the destination of a single bus passenger based on bus smartcard data, metro smartcard data, and global positioning system (GPS) bus data. First, the attractiveness of each bus stop in a bus line was evaluated, considering the attractiveness of nearby metro stations. Then, the exploration and preferential return (EPR) model was employed to estimate the probability of a bus stop to be the alighting stop, i.e., the destination, of a passenger. The estimation result was obtained through a simulation based on the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm. The effectiveness of our method was proved through a case study on the bus network in Shenzhen, China.
Identifying Plant-Based Natural Medicine against Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Chandran Rahul , Abrahamse Heidi
Published: September 2020

Free radicals and oxidative stress are among the most studied factors leading to the imbalance in mental health. With no exception, free radicals also damage neuronal cells, leading to various degenerative diseases. With existing modern medications, around 80% of the world population relies on herbal medicine for various ailments. Phytochemicals in plants have a wide range of pharmacological properties, the major being their ability to scavenge free radicals. Plant polyphenols are among the major class of antioxidants identified in plants. This antioxidative property of plant compounds and their ability to downgrade the process of oxidative stress can be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. However, selecting plants and their active compounds is a crucial step in framing the mechanism of action underlying their therapeutic potential.
An Intrusion Detection Scheme Based on Repeated Game in Smart Home
Authors: Zhang Rui , Xia Hui , Shao Shu-shu , Ren Hang , Xu Shuai , Cheng Xiang-guo
Published: September 2020

Smart Home brings a new people-oriented home life experience. However, the edge devices in this system are facing severe threats such as data security and equipment safety. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes an intrusion detection scheme based on repeated game. We first use the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm to classify edge devices and equip the intrusion detection system to cluster heads. Secondly, we use the regret minimization algorithm to determine the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium of the one-order game and then take a severe punishment strategy to domesticate malicious attackers. Thirdly, the intrusion detection system can detect malicious attackers by reduction of payoff. Finally, the detailed experimental results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the loss of attacked intrusion detection system and then achieve the purpose of defending against the attacker.
Flower End-to-End Detection Based on YOLOv4 Using a Mobile Device
Authors: Cheng Zhibin , Zhang Fuquan
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a novel flower detection application anchor-based method is proposed, which is combined with an attention mechanism to detect the flowers in a smart garden in AIoT more accurately and fast. While many researchers have paid much attention to the flower classification in existing studies, the issue of flower detection has been largely overlooked. The problem we have outlined deals largely with the study of a new design and application of flower detection. Firstly, a new end-to-end flower detection anchor-based method is inserted into the architecture of the network to make it more precious and fast and the loss function and attention mechanism are introduced into our model to suppress unimportant features. Secondly, our flower detection algorithms can be integrated into the mobile device. It is revealed that our flower detection method is very considerable through a series of investigations carried out. The detection accuracy of our method is similar to that of the state-of-the-art, and the detection speed is faster at the same time. It makes a major contribution to flower detection in computer vision.
Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Accompanied by Clinical Features of TAFRO Syndrome
Authors: Suzuki Eiji , Ichimura Takuya , Kimura Satoru , Kanno Takashi , Migita Kiyoshi
Published: September 2020

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is associated with not only sicca symptoms but also various symptoms caused by extraglandular manifestation. The pathophysiology and comorbidities of TAFRO syndrome (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly), which is thought to be a variant of multicentric Castleman’s disease, are not fully understood, and there are few data on the effectiveness of treatments. We report a patient of SS with TAFRO syndrome-like clinical features. A 52-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal distension. Laboratory data showed thrombocytopenia, and image findings showed massive ascites without evidence of malignant disease as confirmed by cytology. She was diagnosed with SS based on dysfunction of salivary secretion and positivity for anti-Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B antibodies, accompanied by clinical features of TAFRO syndrome based on the presence of anasarca and thrombocytopenia. High-dose corticosteroid for inflammation, anasarca, and thrombocytopenia was not effective. Cyclosporine was administered next, but anasarca and thrombocytopenia did not immediately improve until tolvaptan and eltrombopag were added. Although tolvaptan and eltrombopag were used for only a few months, the patient maintained a good condition with cyclosporine and low-dose prednisolone. In SS patients, activation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes is thought to be an important trigger that accelerates the immune response and is followed by hypercytokinemia. Therefore, using cyclosporine to suppress the activity of T lymphocytes is a reasonable treatment for SS accompanied with TAFRO syndrome-like pathophysiology. It might also be useful to administer tolvaptan or eltrombopag before the effects of immunosuppressants appear. If refractory inflammation with anasarca, thrombocytopenia, or lymphadenopathy is observed in an SS patient, complications with TAFRO syndrome-like pathophysiology should be considered.
Effect Improved for High-Dimensional and Unbalanced Data Anomaly Detection Model Based on KNN-SMOTE-LSTM
Authors: Bao Fuguang , Wu Yongqiang , Li Zhaogang , Li Yongzhao , Liu Lili , Chen Guanyu
Published: September 2020

High-dimensional and unbalanced data anomaly detection is common. Effective anomaly detection is essential for problem or disaster early warning and maintaining system reliability. A significant research issue related to the data analysis of the sensor is the detection of anomalies. The anomaly detection is essentially an unbalanced sequence binary classification. The data of this type contains characteristics of large scale, high complex computation, unbalanced data distribution, and sequence relationship among data. This paper uses long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) combined with historical sequence data; also, it integrates the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) algorithm and K-nearest neighbors (kNN), and it designs and constructs an anomaly detection network model based on kNN-SMOTE-LSTM in accordance with the data characteristic of being unbalanced. This model can continuously filter out and securely generate samples to improve the performance of the model through kNN discriminant classifier and avoid the blindness and limitations of the SMOTE algorithm in generating new samples. The experiments demonstrated that the structured kNN-SMOTE-LSTM model can significantly improve the performance of the unbalanced sequence binary classification.
Phase Ib Study of Chemoprevention with Green Tea Polyphenon E and Erlotinib in Patients with Advanced Premalignant Lesions (APL) of the Head and Neck
Authors: Shin Dong M. , Nannapaneni Sreenivas , Patel Mihir R. , Shi Qiuying , Liu Yuan , Chen Zhengjia , Chen Amy Y. , El-Deiry Mark W. , Beitler Jonathan J. , Steuer Conor E. , Roser Steven M. , Klein Adam M. , Owonikoko Taofeek K. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Khuri Fadlo R. , Chen Zhuo G. , Saba Nabil F.
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

On the basis of synergistic effects between green tea polyphenon E (PPE) and EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor in preclinical studies, we conducted a phase Ib study of the PPE and erlotinib combination in patients with advanced premalignant lesions (APL) of the oral cavity and larynx.

Patients and Methods:

Patients were treated with a fixed dose of PPE (200 mg three times a day) and dose escalation of erlotinib (50, 75, 100 mg daily) for 6 months with tissue biopsy at baseline and 6 months. Primary endpoints were safety and toxicity; secondary endpoints were evaluation of pathologic response, cancer-free survival (CFS), overall survival (OS), and biomarker modulation.

Results:

Among 21 enrolled patients, 19 began treatment and 17 completed 6 months of treatment with PPE and erlotinib. Main characteristics of treated patients: 15 severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ and 17 oral cavity. Only skin rash was associated with dose-limiting toxicity and MTD. Recommended doses for phase II studies are PPE 600 mg daily plus erlotinib 100 mg daily for 6 months. Pathologic responses in 17 evaluable patients: pathologic complete response (47%) and pathologic partial response (18%). The 5-year CFS and OS were 66.3% and 93%, respectively. Among tested biomarkers, only phosphorylated ERK was correlated with response to treatment.

Conclusions:

Treatment with PPE and erlotinib combination was well tolerated in patients with APLs of the head and neck, and showed a high rate of pathologic response with excellent CFS. This combination deserves further investigation for the chemoprevention and/or prevention of second primary tumors in early-stage head and neck cancer.
Disparities in Cancer Prevention in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Carethers John M. , Sengupta Rajarshi , Blakey Rea , Ribas Antoni , D'Souza Gypsyamber
Published: September 2020

Screening for cancer is a proven and recommended approach to prevent deaths from cancer; screening can locate precursor lesions and/or cancer at early stages when it is potentially curable. Racial and ethnic minorities and other medically underserved populations exhibit lower uptake of cancer screening than nonminorities in the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic, which disproportionately affected minority communities, has curtailed preventive services including cancer screening to preserve personal protective equipment and prevent spread of infection. While there is evidence for a rebound from the pandemic-driven reduction in cancer screening nationally, the return may not be even across all populations, with minority population screening that was already behind becoming further behind as a result of the community ravages from COVID-19. Fear of contracting COVID-19, limited access to safety-net clinics, and personal factors like, financial, employment, and transportation issues are concerns that are intensified in medically underserved communities. Prolonged delays in cancer screening will increase cancer in the overall population from pre-COVID-19 trajectories, and elevate the cancer disparity in minority populations. Knowing the overall benefit of cancer screening versus the risk of acquiring COVID-19, utilizing at-home screening tests and keeping the COVID-19–induced delay in screening to a minimum might slow the growth of disparity.
Description and molecular characterization of Chrysopilus kafkai sp. nov. (Diptera: Rhagionidae) from Serra da Bodoquena (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil)
Authors: Cegolin Bianca Melo , Bueno Gabriel Marangão , Pereira Gabriel Lopes , Santos Daubian , Santos Charles Morphy Dias dos
Published: September 2020

Rhagionidae (Brachycera, Tabanomorpha) is a widespread family of the order Diptera, containing ca. 720 species in 22 genera and distributed worldwide. Chrysopilus Marquart is one of the most speciose genus of Rhagionidae. Here we describe Chrysopilus kafkai sp. nov. Cegolin & Santos, the first record of a rhagionid species from Serra da Bodoquena, in the Midwest Brazilian region, and includes an identification key and a distribution map to the Brazilian species of Chrysopilus. The species description is complemented by a molecular characterization of the 28S rRNA sequence.
A new species of Stizocera Audinet-Serville, 1834 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Colombia with an updated key to species of the genus and new geographical records in Cerambycinae
Authors: Taboada-Verona Carlos , Botero Juan Pablo
Published: September 2020

A new species of Stizocera (Cerambycinae, Elaphidiini) from Colombia is described and illustrated: Stizocera ruthveronae sp. nov., and an updated key to species of the genus is presented. Moreover, nine species of longhorn beetles of Cerambycinae belonging to Callichromatini, Eburiini, Elaphidiini, Hexoplonini, Neoibidionini, Obriini are reported for the first time for Colombia.
Imperialismo, Estado e Hierarquização Social na Baixa Núbia durante o Reino Novo egípcio (1550-1070 a.C.).
Authors: Frizzo Fábio
Published: September 2020

As leituras tradicionais das relações entre egípcios e núbios durante o período do Reino Novo ressaltaram a superioridade das estruturas sociais egípcias e a imposição desta cultura sobre os povos núbios. Tais leituras incorporam uma perspectiva excessivamente herdeira do quadro mental do século XIX, que atribuía uma inferioridade cultural a sociedades da África Subsaariana. Uma análise mais detida do domínio imperial egípcio sobre a Núbia deve considerar, todavia, os conflitos internos inerentes a cada uma destas sociedades. Assim, o artigo busca demonstrar como o imperialismo faraônico tratou de estimular uma forte hierarquização social na Baixa Núbia para garantir a exploração de recursos e o fluxo de bens de prestígio necessários à manutenção do império. Este processo implicou a subsunção das formas produtivas locais aos padrões egípcios e à, consequente, expansão das relações sociais estatais características do Egito.
"Havía corrido la voz": circulação de rumores sobre a existência de minas de ouro na região do Rio da Prata e Paraguai (1647-1680)
Authors: Aguiar Ribeiro Fernando Victor
Published: September 2020

O artigo tem por objetivo compreender os rumores difundidos no porto de Buenos Aires a partir de 1647 envolvendo notícias relacionadas à existência de minas de ouro na região do Uruguai e Paraguai. Os rumores representaram anseios da sociedade, propiciando sua efetivação e, principalmente, sua rápida difusão. O porto de Buenos Aires, como ponto de encontro de pessoas provenientes de diferentes regiões foi locus privilegiado para a criação e circulação desse tipo de notícia. Apesar de sua origem difusa, os rumores acerca das minas foram apropriados por agentes locais. Pouco depois, Bernardino de Cárdenas, bispo do Paraguai, utilizaria dos rumores como forma de atacar seus rivais, no caso, os padres jesuítas. Essa apropriação garantiu não somente a efetividades das notícias, mas principalmente sua permanência no imaginário social por uma temporalidade mais ampla.
Ordem e Progresso nas arquibancadas: o jornalismo esportivo e a gênese das torcidas uniformizadas de futebol durante o regime político do Estado Novo (1937-1945)
Authors: Buarque de Holanda Bernardo Borges , Chaim Aníbal Martinot
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do artigo é articular as relações entre a primeira fase do futebol profissional no Brasil, instituído legalmente em 1933 e consolidado a partir de 1937, e o advento do Estado Novo (1937-1945), período político concomitante, conhecido por seus traços autoritários. Busca-se mostrar de que maneira, nesse contexto histórico específico, se forma na cidade de São Paulo o primeiro modelo de torcidas uniformizadas no país, que terá predominância entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960. Por meio de livros de dirigentes esportivos e de fontes jornalísticas, hauridas do periódico paulistano A Gazeta Esportiva, acompanham-se os escritos autorais de João Lyra Filho e as narrativas de imprensa de Thomaz Mazzoni, de modo a salientar a importância do “enquadramento moral” das plateias futebolísticas de então, com base nos valores vigentes, exaltados pelas autoridades do regime estadonovista e assimilados pelos agrupamentos torcedores.
Por uma história cruzada das disciplinas: ponderações de ordens prática e epistemológica
Authors: Benthien Rafael Faraco
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem por finalidade apresentar, em um plano epistemológico e a partir de exemplos práticos, a defesa de uma história cruzada dos saberes, entendendo-a como o estudo focado na caracterização e na explicação de circuitos de ideias e de pessoas entre diferentes disciplinas. Para tanto, parte-se da problematização dos pressupostos das histórias disciplinares, discutindo, na sequência, os prodígios e as vertigens de modelos que almejam reconstituir a unidade e a totalidade disciplinar ao longo do tempo. Mesmo considerando o interesse desses modelos, o restante do artigo insiste no lugar da interdisciplinaridade no seio das disciplinas. Tal recorte permite propor agendas experimentais que ampliem a compreensão acerca das possibilidades disciplinares, ontem, hoje e amanhã.
O léxico da pobreza na Ordem Franciscana (século XIII): contribuição ao estudo da economia cristã de bens simbólicos
Authors: Magalhães Ana Paula Tavares
Published: September 2020

O léxico da pobreza na Ordem Franciscana deve ser considerado em perspectiva com o vocabulário presente em outras temporalidades e em situações diversas ao longo da história do cristianismo. A análise da série histórica do uso da terminologia da pobreza é importante por afastar hipóteses ingênuas em torno de um suposto Francisco mítico e de uma Ordem Franciscana supostamente disruptiva; ao mesmo tempo, manifesta-se importante por iluminar aspectos particulares do éthos franciscano, aprofundando a capacidade de compreensão do historiador. Por essa razão, propomos aqui, a utilização da pobreza como categoria histórica, tendo como eixo da análise o fenômeno franciscano e estabelecendo, como fundamento metodológico, uma história global em sua relação dialética com as temporalidades particulares a partir das fontes documentais.
O cuidado do “pobre” entre os séculos VIII e X: uma questão política "global"?
Authors: Ribeiro da Silva Thiago Juarez
Published: September 2020

Entre os séculos VIII e X, diferentes autoridades governantes no Ocidente e no Oriente expediram normas em favor dos “pobres”. Neste artigo, pretende-se entender os motivos que as levaram a se ocuparem do tema, em especial da “opressão dos pobres”. Sob a perspectiva da “História Global”, realizou-se uma abordagem comparativa favorecendo a identificação de fenômenos transformadores e particulares, ao mesmo tempo em que se repensou as interpretações tradicionais da historiografia a respeito dos “pobres” em ambos espaços. Observou-se que os usos dos termos referentes a eles nos textos normativos bizantinos e carolíngios não foram apenas um testemunho estatístico do empobrecimento de suas respectivas sociedades, mas também resultado dos interesses dos agentes envolvidos na elaboração destes documentos, as cortes bizantina e carolíngia, tratando-se também de uma questão política.
Das artes e da natureza: articulação de saberes no pensamento científico do século XIII
Authors: Vidotte Adriana
Published: September 2020

Ao adotar a história global como método, o artigo busca analisar, na construção do pensamento científico ocidental do século XIII, as articulações entre as formas de pensamento e os conhecimentos produzidos em distintas temporalidades e espacialidades históricas. A partir da análise da obra Image du Monde, escrita por Gossouin de Metz, por volta de 1245, pretende-se reconectar o ambiente intelectual francês aos espaços de circulação dos saberes grego antigo e árabe medieval. Nessa reflexão, as profundas mudanças na percepção da natureza do homem medieval e a busca por explicações científicas do mundo e de tudo o que nele existe ocupam um lugar central.
The genus Octarrhena (Orchidaceae, Thelasiinae) in Vietnam with description of two new species

Authors: AVERYANOV LEONID V. , ЕSKOV АLEN K. , TRUONG BA VUONG , NGUYEN VAN CANH , PRILEPSKY NIKOLAY G. , NURALIEV MAXIM S. , MAISAK TATIANA V. , MANH VU
Published: September 2020

The genus Octarrhena (Orchidaceae) is distributed predominantly in Malesia and Papuasia. Its presence in eastern Indochina was uncovered as recently as in 2015 simultaneously with a description of O. minuscula from the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Here, we describe two more species of the genus, O. emarginata and O. perpusilla, also endemic to this mountain system. All three Vietnamese species of Octarrhena are local endemics with very limited allopatric distribution. We summarize the current knowledge on the genus in Vietnam and present a key for their identification, and a map with location of all known populations. Finally, we briefly discuss modern views on the worldwide species diversity of Octarrhena.
A New Tillandsia (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) Species from the Copalita River Canyon, Oaxaca, Mexico

Authors: FLORES-CRUZ MARÍA , VÁZQUEZ-HURTADO NORA BERENICE , TORRES-COLÍN RAFAEL , TINOCO-BERRIOS INGRID MAGALI , GRANADOS MENDOZA CAROLINA
Published: September 2020

A new saxicolous species from the steep cliffs of the Copalita river canyon is described and illustrated: Tillandsia joel-mandimboensis. We present detailed morphological comparisons of the new species to other morphologically-related saxicolous Tillandsia species also endemic to river canyon cliffs, complemented with information on their habitat preferences, geographical distribution and phenology.
Upper-Ocean Response to Precipitation Forcing in an Ocean Model Hindcast of Hurricane Gonzalo
Authors: Steffen John , Bourassa Mark
Published: September 2020

Preexisting, oceanic barrier layers have been shown to limit turbulent mixing and suppress mixed layer cooling during the forced stage of a tropical cyclone (TC). Furthermore, an understanding of barrier layer evolution during TC passage is mostly unexplored. High precipitation rates within TCs provide a large freshwater flux to the surface that alters upper-ocean stratification and can act as a potential mechanism to strengthen the barrier layer. Ocean glider observations from the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) indicate that a strong barrier layer developed during the approach and passage of Hurricane Gonzalo (2014), primarily as a result of freshening within the upper 30 m of the ocean. Therefore, an ocean model case study of Hurricane Gonzalo has been designed to investigate how precipitation affects upper-ocean stratification and sea surface temperature (SST) cooling during TC passage. Ocean model hindcasts of Hurricane Gonzalo characterize the upper-ocean response to TC precipitation forcing. Three different vertical mixing parameterizations are tested to determine their sensitivity to precipitation forcing. For all turbulent mixing schemes, TC precipitation produces near-surface freshening of about 0.3 psu, which is consistent with previous studies and in situ ocean observations. The influence of precipitation-induced changes to the SST response is more complicated, but generally modifies SSTs by ±0.3°C. Precipitation forcing creates a dynamical coupling between upper-ocean stratification and current shear that is largely responsible for the heterogeneous response in modeled SSTs.
The Track and Accompanying Sea Wave Forecasts of the Supertyphoon Mangkhut (2018) by a Real-Time Regional Forecast System
Authors: Zhu Yuhang , Li Yineng , Peng Shiqiu
Published: September 2020

The track and accompanying sea wave forecasts of Typhoon Mangkhut (2018) by a real-time regional forecasting system are assessed in this study. The real-time regional forecasting system shows a good track forecast skill with a mean error of 69.9 km for the forecast period of 1–72 h. In particular, it predicted well the landfall location on the coastal island of South China with distance (time) biases of 76.89 km (3 h) averaging over all forecasting made during 1–72 h and only 3.55 km (1 h) for the forecasting initialized 27 h ahead of the landfall. The sea waves induced by Mangkhut (2018) were also predicted well by the wave model of the forecasting system with a mean error of 0.54 m and a mean correlation coefficient up to 0.94 for significant wave height. Results from sensitivity experiments show that the improvement of track forecasting skill for Mangkhut (2018) are mainly attributed to application of a scale-selective data assimilation scheme in the atmosphere model that helps to maintain a more realistic large-scale flow obtained from the GFS forecasts, whereas the air–sea coupling has slightly negative impact on the track forecast skill.
Skill of Global Raw and Postprocessed Ensemble Predictions of Rainfall in the Tropics
Authors: Vogel Peter , Knippertz Peter , Fink Andreas H. , Schlueter Andreas , Gneiting Tilmann
Published: September 2020

Precipitation forecasts are of large societal value in the tropics. Here, we compare 1–5-day ensemble predictions from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF, 2009–17) and the Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC, 2009–16) over 30°S–30°N with an extended probabilistic climatology based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3 B42 gridded dataset. Both models predict rainfall occurrence better than the reference only over about half of all land points, with a better performance by MSC. After applying the postprocessing technique ensemble model output statistics, this fraction increases to 87% (ECMWF) and 82% (MSC). For rainfall amount there is skill in many tropical areas (about 60% of land points), which can be increased by postprocessing to 97% (ECMWF) and 88% (MSC). Forecasts for extremes (>20 mm) are only marginally worse than those of occurrence but do not improve as much through postprocessing, particularly over dry areas. Forecast performance is generally best over arid Australia and worst over oceanic deserts, the Andes and Himalayas, as well as over tropical Africa, where models misrepresent the high degree of convective organization, such that even postprocessed forecasts are hardly better than climatology. Skill of 5-day accumulated forecasts often exceeds that of shorter ranges, as timing errors matter less. An increase in resolution and major model update in 2010 has significantly improved ECMWF predictions. Especially over tropical Africa new techniques such as convection-permitting models or combined statistical-dynamical forecasts may be needed to generate skill beyond the climatological reference.
Understanding pet scams: A case study of advance fee and non-delivery fraud using victims’ accounts
Authors: Whittaker Jack M , Button Mark
Published: September 2020

Advance fee and non-delivery frauds have become very common with the growing preference for online shopping and the new opportunities this brings for online offenders. This article uses unique access to a volunteer group’s database focused on preventing pet scams to explore this type of crime. Distances, among other factors, make the purchase of pets online common in countries such as the USA, Australia and South Africa. This modality of purchase has been exploited by organized criminals largely based in Cameroon to conduct advance fee and non-delivery frauds. The article uses data from the volunteer group Petscams.com to provide unique insights on the techniques of the offenders with particular reference to the strategies used to maximize victimization by using real accounts of victims of such frauds. It also briefly notes how the COVID-19 crisis has been used to adapt this type of scam. The article’s discussion identifies the need for a more nuanced assessment into the role of victim oriented voluntary organizations.
The Representation Gap and Political Sophistication: A Contrarian Perspective
Authors: Dalton Russell
Published: September 2020

Political behavior research persistently questions the ability of the average citizen to make voting choices that accurately represent their political views. We argue that voters’ choices should be judged by the outcome of the choices, and not the decision-making process. The representation gap measures the policy agreement between voters and their chosen party using data from the 2014 European Election Study and the Chapel Hill Experts Survey. We consider whether the political sophistication of individual voters affects agreement levels. Negative results are rarely reported widely—but they can be important. This study finds little evidence that political interest, education, information level or even party identification substantially affect the size of the representation gap. Less and more sophisticated citizens both find ways to make voting decisions that broadly match their opinions. The results yield a more positive view of the mass public, the electoral process, and democratic representation.
Reducing Levels of Perfectionism in Gifted and Talented Youth Through a Mindfulness Intervention
Authors: Olton-Weber Sophia , Hess Robyn , Ritchotte Jennifer A.
Published: September 2020

Gifted youth frequently experience perfectionism, which for some can affect their emotional well-being. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 6-week mindfulness intervention for 42 middle school students who were identified as Gifted and Talented. Participants’ levels of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism, as well as their use of mindfulness practices, were evaluated pre- and post- intervention, as well as at a 5-week follow-up to assess changes in perfectionism ratings and use of mindfulness. Three Bonferroni-adjusted, one-way, repeated measures analyses of variance were performed, and the results indicated a significant decrease in self-oriented perfectionism and an increase in mindfulness at both the end of the intervention and at follow-up. These findings support the use of mindfulness as an appropriate intervention to reduce self-imposed forms of perfectionism among gifted youth.
Application of Chinese Yin-Yang principle in the teaching of ‘electromagnetic fields and waves’
Authors: Zhang Wenhao , Qu Shanshan , Wang Jie
Published: September 2020

‘Electromagnetic Fields and Waves’ is an important professional basic course for students in the major of electrical and electronic engineering. Students regard it as the most difficult course because of numerous concepts and equations. Philosophy could assist the students’ understanding of the electromagnetic theories. The Chinese Yin- Yang principle reveals the basic composition and operating principles of the universe from the macroscopic and microscopic view, which provides another way to illustrate the electromagnetic phenomenon and equations. This paper presents a heuristic teaching practice carried out by combining the Chinese Yin- Yang principle and modern electromagnetic theory. Several lectures on vector analysis, electrostatic field, steady magnetic field, time-varying electromagnetic field, and gravitational field, even relativity and particle theories are given to show the application of the Yin- Yang principle. Student survey and exam results show that the adoption of Yin-Yang principle could help students to acquire the basic concepts in limited teaching hours and to promote philosophical thinking embodied in China's university education.
An automated continuous quality improvement framework for failing student outcomes based on mathematics weaknesses
Authors: Wajid HA , Chattha Hassan Tariq , Khawaja Bilal A , Ahmadi Saleh Al
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present a detailed action plan under continuous quality improvement (CQI) exercise of outcomes based education framework related to Mathematics concerns highlighted by the Electrical Engineering (EE) Department. Failing and low performed student learning outcomes (SOs) and course learning outcomes (COs) in range of core EE courses were observed to be linked with weak Mathematics basis of students. This feedback was achieved through an automated CQI system in EvalTools under Faculty Class Assessment Report (FCAR) tab, where each instructor is required to make reflections about failing as well as low performed SOs and COs. Feedback was reviewed comprehensively, and mathematical concepts which significantly affect the performance of students in the core EE courses were derived. Moreover, a high level of Mathematics pre-requisite covering required mathematical concepts is identified for the range of core EE courses. Consequently, well-defined tasks were assigned to continuously evaluate and monitor improvement in required Mathematics concepts to ensure SOs and COs achieved in core EE courses. Results are given to exhibit the effectiveness of continuous improvement management system (CIMS).
Leading Change With Intelligence: The Power of Diagnosis in Creating Organizational Renewal
Authors: Coruzzi Celeste A.
Published: September 2020

The success of any organizational change effort relies first and foremost on expert diagnosis—the ability to gain intelligence about the system you are trying to change. The Burke–Litwin Model of Organizational Performance and Change, as developed by W. Warner Burke and George H. Litwin, represents one of a critical body of work contributing to the efficacy of leadership and its essential role in both diagnosing and managing organizational change from a holistic, open-systems view. An in-depth study of the model in practice is presented in the case of Electric Boat during a time of significant growth, technology adaptation, and demographic/attitudinal shifts in the workplace.
Prediction of tensile strength of polymer carbon nanotube composites using practical machine learning method
Authors: Le Tien-Thinh
Published: September 2020

This paper is devoted to the development and construction of a practical Machine Learning (ML)-based model for the prediction of tensile strength of polymer carbon nanotube (CNTs) composites. To this end, a database was compiled from the available literature, composed of 11 input variables. The input variables for predicting tensile strength of nanocomposites were selected for the following main reasons: (i) type of polymer matrix, (ii) mechanical properties of polymer matrix, (iii) physical characteristics of CNTs, (iv) mechanical properties of CNTs and (v) incorporation parameters such as CNT weight fraction, CNT surface modification method and processing method. As the problem of prediction is highly dimensional (with 11 dimensions), the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model was selected and optimized by means of a parametric study. The correlation coefficient (R), Willmott’s index of agreement (IA), slope of regression, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) were employed as error measurement criteria when training the GPR model. The GPR model exhibited good performance for both training and testing parts (RMSE = 5.982 and 5.327 MPa, MAE = 3.447 and 3.539 MPa, respectively). In addition, uncertainty analysis was also applied to estimate the prediction confidence intervals. Finally, the prediction capability of the GPR model with different ranges of values of input variables was investigated and discussed. For practical application, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed in Matlab for predicting the tensile strength of nanocomposites.