bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond fluorescence-guided resection: 5-ALA-based glioblastoma therapies
Authors: Stummer Walter , Müther Michael , Spille Dorothee
Published: April 2024

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite advances in multimodal concepts over the last decades, prognosis remains poor. Treatment of patients with glioblastoma remains a considerable challenge due to the infiltrative nature of the tumor, rapid growth rates, and tumor heterogeneity. Standard therapy consists of maximally safe microsurgical resection followed by adjuvant radio- and chemotherapy with temozolomide. In recent years, local therapies have been extensively investigated in experimental as well as translational levels. External stimuli-responsive therapies such as Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT) and Radiodynamic Therapy (RDT) can induce cell death mechanisms via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after administration of five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which induces the formation of sensitizing porphyrins within tumor tissue. Preliminary data from clinical trials are available. The aim of this review is to summarize the status of such therapeutic approaches as an adjunct to current standard therapy in glioblastoma.
The equivalence of Heegaard Floer homology and embedded contact homology via open book decompositions II
Authors: Colin Vincent , Ghiggini Paolo , Honda Ko
Published: April 2024

This paper is the sequel to (Colin et al. in Publ. Math. Inst. Hautes Études Sci., 2024), and is devoted to proving some of the technical parts of the HF=ECH isomorphism.
Influence of age on spatial and temporal migratory patterns of Black Storks from Germany
Authors: Fisel Felix , Heine Georg , Rohde Carsten , Wikelski Martin , Flack Andrea
Published: April 2024

How the migration behavior of long-lived birds develops throughout their life is still a research question in ornithology that is largely unanswered. Here, we analyzed GPS data of 70 juvenile Black Storks during the first 3 years of their migration to determine the influence of age and experience on migration patterns. We focused on the choice of the migration flyway, as well as the movements in the wintering area, and the changes in departure times with increasing age. Migratory routes of German Black Storks were divided into the western (82% of all tracked individuals) and eastern flyways (16%). The central migratory flyway through Italy or Greece was taken only by two individuals and never repeatedly. In addition, we found that the wintering area decreased by almost 60% during their first 3 years of life. In addition, spring departure dates from the wintering areas also became earlier with increasing age. However, we did not find changes in departures from the breeding area in autumn. Thus, our study shows that age and migration experiences have a considerable influence on essential migratory decisions in Black Storks. Further, it also demonstrates that older storks rely strongly on previous experiences to perform their migrations efficiently.
The effectiveness of clinical pathways in inpatient settings - an umbrella review
Authors: Büscher Anne , Kugler Joachim
Published: April 2024

Aim

The aim of this research is to summarize the effectiveness of clinical pathways in inpatient settings in industrialized countries to gain implications for hospital management or identify further research needs.

Subject and methods

Systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses published in English from 2010 to August 30, 2023, investigating the effectiveness of clinical inpatient pathways are identified, summarized, and synthesized. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE databases were searched.

Results

The search identified a total of ten systematic reviews, of which seven also conducted meta-analyses. The results show substantial heterogeneity in the data. In total, data from 140 primary studies are included. The parameters that were most frequently examined are complication rates, impact on length of stay, readmission rates, mortality, documentation quality, and hospital and care costs.

Conclusion

A positive impact of clinical pathways, including a reduced risk of complications, reduced length of stay, and a better documentation quality, can be summarized. However, the definition of the concept of clinical pathways already differs and the outcomes that were examined also differ in their definition and measurement. The results of this research on clinical pathways are not sufficient for transfer to the current situation. The results show an added value for patients, staff, and relatives, particularly for clinical pathways that involve frequent illnesses, are cost-intensive, and require a lot of communication between different professionals. Furthermore, it can be concluded that further research with randomized controlled trials is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of clinical pathways.
Therapist-Level Moderators of Patient-Therapist Match Effectiveness in Community Psychotherapy
Authors: Coyne Alice E. , Constantino Michael J. , Boswell James F. , Gaines Averi N. , Kraus David R.
Published: April 2024

Based on patient-reported outcomes data analyzed at the provider level, there is evidence that psychotherapists can possess effectiveness strengths and weaknesses when treating patients with different presenting concerns. These within-therapist differences hold promise for personalizing care by prospectively matching patients to therapists’ historical effectiveness strengths. In a double-masked randomized controlled trial (RCT; NCT02990000), such matching outperformed pragmatically determined usual case assignment—which leaves personalized, measurement-based matching to chance—in naturalistic outpatient psychotherapy (Constantino et al., JAMA Psychiatry 78:960–969, 2021). Demonstrating that personalization can be even more precise, some research has demonstrated that the strength of this positive match effect was moderated by certain patient characteristics. Notably, though, it could also be that matching is especially important for some therapists to achieve more effective outcomes. Examining this novel question, the present study drew on the Constantino et al. (JAMA Psychiatry 78:960–969, 2021) trial data to explore three therapist-level moderators of matching: (a) effectiveness “spread” (i.e., greater performance variability across patients’ presenting problem domains), (b) overestimation of their measurement-based and problem-specific effectiveness, and (c) the frequency with which they use patient-reported routine outcomes monitoring in their practice. Patients were 206 adults, randomized to the match or control condition, treated by 40 therapists who were crossed over conditions. The therapist variables were assessed at the trial’s baseline and patients’ symptomatic/functional impairment and global distress were assessed regularly up to 16 weeks of treatment. Hierarchical linear models revealed that only therapist effectiveness spread significantly moderated the match effect for the global distress outcome; for therapists with more spread, the match effect was more pronounced, whereas the match effect was minimal for therapists with less effectiveness spread. Notably, two therapist-level covariates unexpectedly emerged as significant moderators for the symptomatic/functional impairment outcome; for clinicians who consistently treated patients with higher versus lower average severity levels and who relatedly treated a higher proportion of patients with primary presenting problems of substance misuse or violence, the beneficial match effect was even stronger. Thus, measurement-based matching may be especially potent for therapists with more variable effectiveness across problem domains, and who consistently treat patients with more severe presenting concerns or with particular primary problems, which provides further precision in conceptualizing personalized care.
Distribution models in invasive plants with climatic niche expansion: a case study of Ulex europaeus L. in Colombian Andes
Authors: Ángel-Vallejo María Camila , Aguirre-Acosta Natalia , Rodríguez-Rey Ghennie Tatiana , García-Marín Eliana Jimena , Álvarez-Mejía Luis Miguel , Feuillet-Hurtado Carolina
Published: April 2024

Invasive plants have a wide distribution worldwide. Their ability to adapt and colonize different climates is attributed to the phenotypic plasticity and the expansion of the climatic niche of the species. Simultaneously, their distribution patterns will be affected by climate change, creating or reducing the ideal areas for their establishment. We evaluated the current and potential distribution of Ulex europaeus L. in Colombia, under the global circulation models ACCESS-ESM1-5 and MIROC6 in two scenarios, for the years 2041–2060, taking into account its climate niche expansion. An ecological niche model was built for this purpose using Maxent algorithm of the KUENM, the records of the species in native and invasive condition from the GBIF portal, and records obtained through field trips and bioclimatic variables from Worldclim2 were used. Changes in potential distribution were analyzed with the Biomod2. A total of 1072 occurrence records were found for U. europaeus and 109 records were found in Colombia in the Cordillera Central and Oriental, where an expansion of the altitudinal range was evidenced from 2000 to 4052 m above sea level. Climate change models for Colombia showed that the creation of new areas for potential establishment is less than 1% and there is a reduction in potential distribution of 12 and 31% due to unsuitable climatic conditions that would affect their germination capacity. However, given its potential for adaptation, the invasions will persist in the new conditions and will continue their colonization process at higher altitudes where they find optimal temperatures for their germination and establishment.
Sustainable and modern bio-based technologies: new approachs to food safety and security
Authors: Demirel Özge , Güneş Hasret , Can Canan
Published: April 2024

Two major challenges in the modern world are ensuring food security and using sustainability in limited areas, in the face of climate change and population growth. It is aimed to raise awareness on the importance of working from a multidisciplinary perspective, together with developing technology and science, in solving current problems/troubles, and that the simultaneous use of modern bio-based technologies with innovative techniques will ensure an effective role in overcoming many difficulties that future generations will face, as well as sustainability can be achieved. The review provides a detailed systematic review and analysis of the mutually supportive use of modern bio-based technologies and sustainable agricultural system technologies within the framework of this subject. The review, in which universally reliable databases were used, was carried out using information obtained from practice and approach-based articles (> 4000). The fact that the main topic has the lowest publication content in terms of "sustainability and biotechnology" according to the analysis carried out within the determined keywords indicates the need for additional research and applications and to contribute to the literature. Similar to review aim, it has also been concluded that the development of a multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary perspective that provides a comprehensive and broader focus on eliminating the deficiencies in the fields will play a major role in solving problems related to the sustainability of food safety and security. Thus, contributing to the protection of world food security should be considered as another important outcome that should not be forgotten. In short, being aware that the world, especially its resources, are not infinite and for the continuity of healthy generations, the sustainability of the world, food and agriculture, food safety and security must be meticulously protected, developed with innovative technologies and also carried a step forward by developing more effective strategies in this field of work, which is of great importance for life.
Validation of the Arabic Version of Feeding Handicap Index for Children with Developmental Disabilities (A-FHI-C)
Authors: Mahmoud Nesreen Fathi , Mohammed Zeinab , Mohammed Hassnaa Othman , Lotfy Alshimaa Mohsen Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Children with developmental disabilities have different feeding and swallowing problems. The purposes of the present study were to develop an Arabic version of the FHI-C and to evaluate its validity, consistency, and reliability in Arabic children with developmental disabilities for assessing how feeding and swallowing problems impair the physical, functional, and emotional aspects of children’s lives. A prospective study including 113 children [62 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 24 with cerebral palsy (CP), 27 with intellectual disability (ID)], in the age range of 2 to 10 years, selected randomly from the swallowing clinic, phoniatrics unit, Otorhinolaryngology department, University hospital between September 2023 and December 2023 complaining of feeding and swallowing problems. Validity was established by comparing patients` scores to typically developed controls (31 children). For test–retest reliability, forty parents filled out the A-FHI-C again two weeks after their initial visit. Cronbach’s alpha for A-FHI-C was 0.986, indicating good internal consistency. Intraclass correlation showed 0.850 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.779 to 0.898. All three clinical groups had significantly higher total FHI-C and FHI-C domain scores than the control group, indicating good validation. A-FHI-C was found to have significantly high test–retest reliability. The current study indicates that in children with ASD, CP, ID, feeding problems are more prevalent than children who are typically developed. The scores obtained can be used by phoniatricans to evaluate feeding problems and monitor the progress of the therapy plan in children with developmental disorders.
Risk and Protective Factors of Self-harm and Suicidality in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Richardson Rebecca , Connell Tanya , Foster Mandie , Blamires Julie , Keshoor Smita , Moir Chris , Zeng Irene Suilan
Published: April 2024

Suicide remains the second most common cause of death in young people aged 10–24 years and is a growing concern globally. The literature reports a vast number of factors that can predispose an adolescent to suicidality at an individual, relational, community, or societal level. There is limited high-level research identifying and understanding these risk and protective factors of adolescent suicidality. The present study used an umbrella review and meta-analysis to synthesize evidence from the review literature in the past 20 years on risk and protective factors of self-harm and suicidality (behavior and ideation) in adolescents. The umbrella review included 33 quantitative reviews with 1149 individual studies on suicidality and self-harm. Based on the data synthesis, it compared the public health impact of exposure on the population of the identified exposure. Bullying victimization was the most attributed environmental exposure for suicidality. The other identified significant school and individual factors were sleeping disturbance, school absenteeism, and exposure to antidepressants. Several significant vulnerable young populations were identified with significantly higher prevalence of suicidality, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (or questioning) youth and those with mental health disorders, problem behaviors, previous suicidality, self-harm, and gender (female). A person-centered approach emphasizing connectedness and bully-free school environments should be a priority focus for schools, health professionals, and public health policymakers.
Cox model inference for relative hazard and pure risk from stratified weight-calibrated case-cohort data
Authors: Etievant Lola , Gail Mitchell H.
Published: April 2024

The case-cohort design obtains complete covariate data only on cases and on a random sample (the subcohort) of the entire cohort. Subsequent publications described the use of stratification and weight calibration to increase efficiency of estimates of Cox model log-relative hazards, and there has been some work estimating pure risk. Yet there are few examples of these options in the medical literature, and we could not find programs currently online to analyze these various options. We therefore present a unified approach and R software to facilitate such analyses. We used influence functions adapted to the various design and analysis options together with variance calculations that take the two-phase sampling into account. This work clarifies when the widely used “robust” variance estimate of Barlow (Biometrics 50:1064–1072, 1994) is appropriate. The corresponding R software, CaseCohortCoxSurvival, facilitates analysis with and without stratification and/or weight calibration, for subcohort sampling with or without replacement. We also allow for phase-two data to be missing at random for stratified designs. We provide inference not only for log-relative hazards in the Cox model, but also for cumulative baseline hazards and covariate-specific pure risks. We hope these calculations and software will promote wider use of more efficient and principled design and analysis options for case-cohort studies.
ACSL4 accelerates osteosarcoma progression via modulating TGF-β/Smad2 signaling pathway
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Chen Qianfen , Zhao Duo , Tan Jianshi , Liao Rongbo , Gu Yurong , Zhu Jinwei , Zhang Huying , Xie Jian , Chen Lu
Published: April 2024

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone sarcoma arising from mesenchymal stem cells. The biological role of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), recently identified as an oncogene in numerous tumor types, remains largely unclear in OS. In this study, we investigated the expression of ACSL4 in OS tissues using immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) staining of a human tissue microarray and in OS cells by qPCR assay. Our findings revealed a significant up-regulation of ACSL4 in both OS tissues and cells. To further understand its biological effects, we conducted a series of loss-of-function experiments using ACSL4-depleted MNNG/HOS and U-2OS cell lines, focusing on OS cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in vitro. Our results demonstrated that ACSL4 knockdown remarkably suppressed OS cell proliferation, arrested cells in the G2 phase, induced cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell migration. Additionally, a subcutaneous xenograft mice model was established to validate the in vivo impact of ACSL4, revealing ACSL4 silencing impaired tumor growth in the OS xenograft mice. Additionally, we discovered that ACSL4 could regulate the phosphorylation level of Smad2 through cooperative interactions, and treatment with a TGF-β inhibitor weakened the promoting effects of ACSL4 overexpression. In short, ACSL4 regulated OS progression by modulating TGF-β/Smad2 signaling pathway. These findings underscore ACSL4 as a promising therapeutic target for OS patients and contribute novel insights into the pathogenesis of OS.

Graphical abstract
Sex differences in adverse events in Medicare individuals ≥ 66 years of age post glioblastoma treatment
Authors: Dmukauskas Mantas , Cioffi Gino , Waite Kristin A. , Sloan Andrew E. , Neff Corey , Price Mackenzie , Ostrom Quinn T. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S.
Published: April 2024

Purpose

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with the highest incidence occurring in older adults with a median age at diagnosis of 64 years old. While treatment often improves survival it brings toxicities and adverse events (AE). Here we identify sex differences in treatment patterns and AE in individuals ≥ 66 years at diagnosis with GB.

Methods

Using the SEER-Medicare dataset sex differences in adverse events were assessed using multivariable logistic regression performed to calculate the male/female odds ratio (M/F OR) and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] of experiencing an AE adjusted for demographic variables and Elixhauser comorbidity score.

Results

Males with GB were more likely to receive standard of care (SOC; Surgery with concurrent radio-chemotherapy) [20%] compared to females [17%], whereas females were more likely to receive no treatment [26%] compared to males [21%]. Females with GB receiving SOC were more likely to develop gastrointestinal disorders (M/F OR = 0.76; 95% CI,0.64–0.91, p = 0.002) or blood and lymphatic system disorders (M/F OR = 0.79; 95% CI,0.66–0.95, p = 0.012). Males with GB receiving SOC were more likely to develop cardiac disorders (M/F OR = 1.21; 95% CI,1.02–1.44, p = 0.029) and renal disorders (M/F OR = 1.65; 95% CI,1.37–2.01, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Sex differences for individuals, 66 years and older, diagnosed with GB exist in treatment received and adverse events developed across different treatment modalities.
MASPEX-Europa: The Europa Clipper Neutral Gas Mass Spectrometer Investigation
Authors: Waite J. H. , Burch J. L. , Brockwell T. G. , Young D. T. , Miller G. P. , Persyn S. C. , Stone J. M. , Wilson P. , Miller K. E. , Glein C. R. , Perryman R. S. , McGrath M. A. , Bolton S. J. , McKinnon W. B. , Mousis O. , Sephton M. A. , Shock E. L. , Choukroun M. , Teolis B. D. , Wyrick D. Y. , Zolotov M. Y. , Ray C. , Magoncelli A. L. , Raffanti R. R. , Thorpe R. L. , Bouquet A. , Salter T. L. , Robinson K. J. , Urdiales C. , Tyler Y. D. , Dirks G. J. , Beebe C. R. , Fugett D. A. , Alexander J. A. , Hanley J. J. , Moorhead-Rosenberg Z. A. , Franke K. A. , Pickens K. S. , Focia R. J. , Magee B. A. , Hoeper P. J. , Aaron D. P. , Thompson S. L. , Persson K. B. , Blase R. C. , Dunn G. F. , Killough R. L. , De Los Santos A. , Rickerson R. J. , Siegmund O. H. W.
Published: April 2024

The MAss Spectrometer for Planetary EXploration (MASPEX) is a high-mass-resolution, high-sensitivity, multi-bounce time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MBTOF) capable of measuring minor species with abundances of sub-parts-per-million in Europa’s sputter-produced and radiolytically modified exosphere and in its oceanic plumes. The goal of the MASPEX-Europa investigation is to determine, through in-situ measurement of the exosphere and plume composition, whether the conditions for habitability exist or have existed on Europa. As conventionally defined, based on our knowledge of Earth life, the three fundamental conditions for habitability are: (1) the presence of liquid water; (2) the presence of organic compounds and the biogenic elements CHNOPS; and (3) a source of energy available for metabolic processes, which for Europa will most probably be chemosynthetic rather than photosynthetic. Condition (1) is already established by previous indirect (magnetic field) measurements, while MASPEX will contribute directly to the evaluation of condition (2) through highly specific compositional measurements in the Europan exosphere and plumes. The composition measurements will also contribute to the test of condition (3) through disequilibrium states of chemical reactions. Thus, the primary goal of MASPEX for Europa Clipper is to assess the habitability of Europa and specifically of its interior ocean. MASPEX has been developed successfully, and its calibration has demonstrated that it meets its specified requirements for sensitivity, dynamic range, and mass resolution. This paper reports the development of the MASPEX scientific investigation, the instrument, its performance, and calibration.
CO2 Conversion via Low-Temperature RWGS Enabled by Multicomponent Catalysts: Could Transition Metals Outperform Pt?
Authors: Torres-Sempere G. , González-Arias J. , Penkova A. , Santos-Muñoz J. L. , Bobadilla L. F. , Odriozola J. A. , Pastor-Pérez L. , Reina T. R.
Published: April 2024

In the context of CO2 valorisation, the reverse water–gas shift reaction (RWGS) is gathering momentum since it represents a direct route for CO2 reduction to CO. The endothermic nature of the reaction posses a challenge when it comes to process energy demand making necessary the design of effective low-temperature RWGS catalysts. Herein, multicomponent Cs-promoted Cu, Ni and Pt catalysts supported on TiO2 have been studied in the low-temperature RWGS. Cs resulted an efficient promoter affecting the redox properties of the different catalysts and favouring a strong metal-support interaction effect thus modulating the catalytic behaviour of the different systems. Positive impact of Cs is shown over the different catalysts and overall, it greatly benefits CO selectivity. For instance, Cs incorporation over Ni/TiO2 catalysts increased CO selectivity from 0 to almost 50%. Pt-based catalysts present the best activity/selectivity balance although CuCs/TiO2 catalyst present comparable catalytic activity to Pt-studied systems reaching commendable activity and CO selectivity levels, being an economically appealing alternative for this process.
Where and How Do Phronesis and Emotions Connect?
Authors: Martínez-Priego Consuelo , Romero-Iribas Ana
Published: April 2024

We aim to map out the points of confluence between phronesis and emotion, as well as the nature of this confluence. We do so based on philosophical and psychological explanations of emotions and phronesis. Making sound decisions, which requires phronesis, is an important matter, but its relationship with emotions has only just begun to be studied. We propose that the interplay between phronesis and emotion is possible (rather than inevitable) because both have a cognitive-behavioural structure and because emotions are hierarchical. In the case of emotion, there are no gaps between the cognitive and behavioural dimensions, while phronetic acts can only manifest if cognitive and behavioural aspects are activated simultaneously. The confluence we identify is bidirectional and involves mutual enrichment in this dual dimension. On the one hand, phronesis enriches emotion because it involves extra subjective knowledge and allows emotion to be directed towards higher goals. On the other hand, emotions enrich phronesis because phronesis makes decisions based on sensitive preferences and because emotions confirm correctness in the context of moral decision making. Methodologically, this study is theoretical and interdisciplinary, as our approach is both philosophical and psychological. Philosophy helps us to improve the conceptual foundation of the construct, while psychology provides an analysis of the emotional process, allowing philosophy to understand how emotional evaluation-assessment and motivation lead to decision making.
Discovering urban nature: citizen science and biodiversity on a university campus
Authors: Tiago P. , Leal A. I. , Rosário I. T. , Chozas S.
Published: April 2024

Preserving biodiversity is a paramount global concern and, in this regard, monitoring urban biodiversity has increasingly taken on a significant role. Citizen science has emerged as a resource for addressing this challenge, offering a cost-effective approach capable of producing extensive data while promoting public engagement. In this work, a Lisbon university campus was used to determine the effectiveness of a citizen science project launched on the BioDiversity4All/iNaturalist platform to monitor urban biodiversity and analyse the influence of different engagement actions on biodiversity observations. The data analysis was based on biodiversity observations, including the temporal evolution of observations, the most frequently observed taxonomic groups, and the impact of promotional actions on project data. Additionally, the profiles of the observers were analyzed to assess their level of engagement and continued involvement in citizen science. The project had an effect on the increase in the number of observers and observations, and it was also possible to see a positive effect of the organized activities. The two indices used showed that Researchers and Students were the observer categories responding the most to the project, followed by Naturalists and Others. The results highlighted the capacity of citizen science to increase interest in biodiversity among both the university community and the general public. Furthermore, this work underlines the role of different strategies such as BioBlitzes, social media campaigns, and formal education activities to reduce the impact of relevant limitations associated with citizen science, namely taxonomic, aesthetic, and temporal biases.
Use of Artificial Intelligence Modelling for the Dynamic Simulation of Urban Catchment Runoff
Authors: Balacumaresan Harshanth , Imteaz Monzur Alam , Aziz Md Abdul , Choudhury Tanveer
Published: April 2024

The complex topography and inherent nonlinearity affiliated with influential hydrological processes of urban catchments, coupled with limited availability of measured data, limits the prediction accuracy of conventional models. Artificial Neural Network models (ANNs) have displayed commendable progress in recognising and simulating highly complex, non-linear associations allied with input-output variables, with limited comprehension of the underlying physical processes. Therefore, this paper investigates the effectiveness and accuracy of ANN models, in estimating the urban catchment runoff, employing minimal and commonly available hydrological data variables – rainfall and upstream catchment flow data, employing two powerful supervised-learning-algorithms, Bayesian-Regularization (BR) and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM). Gardiners Creek catchment, encompassed in Melbourne, Australia, with more than thirty years of quality-checked rainfall and streamflow data was chosen as the study location. Two significant storm events that transpired within the last fifteen years - the 4th of February 2011 and the 6th of November 2018, were nominated for calibration and validation of the ANN model. The study results advocate that the use of the LM-ANN model stipulates accurate estimates of the historical storm events, with a stronger correlation and lower generalisation error, in contrast to the BR-ANN model, while the integration of upstream catchment flow alongside rainfall, vindicate for their collective impact upon the dynamics of the flow being spawned at the downstream catchment locations, significantly enhancing the model performance and providing a more cost-effective and near-realistic modelling approach that can be considered for application in studies of urban catchment responses, with limited data availability.
Larval performance of Zophobas morio (F.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on various diets enriched with post-distillation residues and essential oils of aromatic and medicinal plants
Authors: Gourgouta Marina , Andreadis Stefanos S. , Koutsogeorgiou Eleni I. , Rumbos Christos I. , Grigoriadou Katerina , Giannenas Ilias , Bonos Eleftherios , Skoufos Ioannis , Athanassiou Christos G.
Published: April 2024

The increasing demands for resources driven by the global population necessitate exploring sustainable alternatives for affordable animal protein over the use of traditional protein sources. Insects, with their high protein content, offer a promising solution, especially when reared on agricultural post-distillation residues for enhanced sustainability and cost-effectiveness. We assessed the development ofZophobas morio(F.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae on diets enriched with essential oils and post-distillation residues from Greek aromatic and medicinal plants. Two aromatic plant mixtures (A and B) were examined. Mixture A consisted of post-distillation residues, while Mixture B incorporated these residues along with essential oils. Insect rearing diets were enriched with different proportions (10, 20, and 30 %) of these mixtures, with wheat bran serving as the control. Enrichment positively influenced larval development without compromising survival. Larval weight remained unchanged with Mixture A, but improved with Mixture B. No adverse effects were detected in the case of the enriched diets, although higher concentrations of Mixture B prolonged development time.
Role of particle size-dependent copper bioaccumulation-mediated oxidative stress on Glycine max (L.) yield parameters with soil-applied copper oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Yusefi-Tanha Elham , Fallah Sina , Pokhrel Lok Raj , Rostamnejadi Ali
Published: April 2024

Increased impetus on the application of nano-fertilizers to improve sustainable food production warrants understanding of nanophytotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms before its application could be fully realized. In this study, we evaluated the potential particle size-dependent effects of soil-applied copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) on crop yield and quality attributes (photosynthetic pigments, seed yield and nutrient quality, seed protein, and seed oil), including root and seed Cu bioaccumulation and a suite of oxidative stress biomarkers, in soybean (Glycine max L.) grown in field environment. We synthesized three distinct sized (25 nm = S [small], 50 nm = M [medium], and 250 nm = L [large]) nCuO with same surface charge and compared with soluble Cu2+ ions (CuCl2) and water-only controls. Results showed particle size-dependent effects of nCuO on the photosynthetic pigments (Chla and Chlb), seed yield, potassium and phosphorus accumulation in seed, and protein and oil yields, with nCuO-S showing higher inhibitory effects. Further, increased root and seed Cu bioaccumulation led to concomitant increase in oxidative stress (H2O2, MDA), and as a response, several antioxidants (SOD, CAT, POX, and APX) increased proportionally, with nCuO treatments including Cu2+ ion treatment. These results are corroborated with TEM ultrastructure analysis showing altered seed oil bodies and protein storage vacuoles with nCuO-S treatment compared to control. Taken together, we propose particle size-dependent Cu bioaccumulation-mediated oxidative stress as a mechanism of nCuO toxicity. Future research investigating the potential fate of varied size nCuO, with a focus on speciation at the soil-root interface, within the root, and edible parts such as seed, will guide health risk assessment of nCuO.

Graphical Abstract
Seasonal Changes of Surface-Active Beach Invertebrate Assemblages in Southern Central Victoria, Australia
Authors: Surdo Daniela Lo , Weston Michael A. , Rendall Anthony R. , Porch Nick
Published: April 2024

Invertebrates play a critical role in beach ecosystems, and seasonal variation in their occurrence and abundance likely influences food webs. We examine and characterise seasonal patterns in invertebrate activity on a temperate, southern sandy dune and beach ecosystem at Venus Bay, Victoria, Australia. We index invertebrate abundance, diversity and assemblage composition at fixed-site pitfall traps which were deployed in four transects from the lower dunes to the beach. Seasonal differences occurred in assemblage composition (foredunes only), richness and abundance. Insects dominated assemblages in summer, spring and autumn; crustaceans dominated winter assemblages. Morphospecies richness was lowest in winter (139% higher in summer and 169% higher in autumn). Our results contrast with other studies from temperate beaches in that (1) richness was higher on beaches compared to in foredunes across all seasons and (2) abundance differed significantly such that winter abundance was higher than for all other seasons. Possible explanations include the exposed nature of the study foredunes, marine ecological subsides in the form of beach wrack in winter and/or between-site variations in such factors. Further studies would usefully examine between-beach variation in seasonality in invertebrate activity in foredunes and dunes.
Automatisierte Aufreinigung von IgG-Antikörpern
Authors: Thurow Kerstin , Fleischer Heidi , Bach Anna
Published: April 2024

The purification of antibodies from cell cultures is a crucial step in the technical production of high-quality antibodies for medical, diagnostic and biotechnological applications. Miniaturized chromatographic columns (“RoboColumns”) are used to develop efficient chromatographic purification methods. The automation of the entire process using a RoboColumn Unit in combination with a liquid handling platform enables an increase in the efficiency of the development process of the purification procedures.
Visualizing how antibiotics interact with ribosomes
Authors: Paternoga Helge , Wilson Daniel N.
Published: April 2024

Die Zunahme multiresistenter Bakterien macht die Entwicklung neuer verbesserter Antibiotika erforderlich. Das Ribosom ist hierfür als ein Ziel einer breiten Palette klinisch relevanter Antibiotika wichtig. Jüngste Entwicklungen in der Kryo-Elektronenmikroskopie erlauben eine genaue Beschreibung der Wechselwirkungen von Antibiotika mit dem Ribosom und koordinierten Wassermolekülen, was für die Entwicklung von anti-mikrobiellen Wirkstoffen der nächsten Generation von Bedeutung ist.
Location-Based Management of Paleontological Collections using Open Source GIS Software
Authors: da Silva Mano Andre , Silva Bruno Camilo , Mocho Pedro , Ortega Francisco
Published: April 2024

Management of Natural History collections, particularly paleontological collections, is usually structured around specimens. However, it might not be feasible when the collections are incorporated from sources where the whole cycle of specimen collection is unknown, making it hard to determine what fossils belong to a single specimen and if these specimens belong to a single fossil-assemblage, taxon or individual. The Sociedade de História Natural from Torres Vedras (Portugal) manages such collections using a management strategy approach based on the spatial location from where the fossils were found. To achieve this, we have implemented a methodology for field collection and developed a spatial database in PostgreSQL/PostGIS to manage the entire stages of paleontological collections management. On top of the database, a second layer of web services, Web GIS (Geographical Information System) applications, and desktop GIS, all based on QGIS, are also under development to facilitate access to data stored in the database to internal and external researchers and partners, as well public institutions. This effort is made in close collaboration with in-house actors and stakeholders and has yielded promising results. The development of this system provides four advantages: (i) it played an essential role in supporting the transfer of the collection to new storage facilities; (ii) it provides overviews of the distribution of the characteristics of the collections; (iii) it enhances institutional partnerships by providing consistent and reliable data and(iv) it supports the establishment and development of research lines.
Exploring Porosity’s Role in Stiffening Waste Concrete Conglomerates Synthesized with Microbial Calcite: A Micromechanical Analysis
Authors: Holeček P. , Nežerka V. , Kliková K. , Stiborová H.
Published: April 2024

Amidst environmental challenges, this study utilizes the innovative method of microbially-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to explore its application in recycling waste concrete fines (WCF). Specifically, we scrutinize the role of porosity in the mechanical behavior of MICP-cemented WCF conglomerates. Through a series of indentation tests, the study provides force-displacement relationships from which the stiffness of the samples is calculated. The Young’s modulus of the samples is then estimated using Sneddon’s solution, which assumes a conical indenter and homogeneous elastic behavior. Subsequently, the Mori–Tanaka scheme with Eshelby’s solution is employed to predict the Young’s modulus of the samples with different porosity, allowing a comparison with the calculated stiffness. This work contributes to the understanding of the role of porosity in the mechanical behavior of MICP-cemented WCF specimens and offers a pathway for optimizing the production process of such materials.

Graphical Abstract
Immunohistochemical and molecular profiles of heterogeneous components of metaplastic breast cancer: a squamous cell carcinomatous component was distinct from a spindle cell carcinomatous component
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Nakanishi Yoko , Tanino Tomoyuki , Nishimaki-Watanabe Haruna , Kobayashi Hiroko , Ohni Sumie , Tang Xiaoyan , Hakamada Kenichi , Masuda Shinobu
Published: April 2024

Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC), a category of breast cancer, includes different histological types, which are occasionally mixed and heterogeneous. Considering the heterogeneity of cancer cells in a tumour mass has become highly significant, not only from a biological aspect but also for clinical management of recurrence. This study aimed to analyse the immunohistochemical and molecular profiles of each MBC component of a tumour mass. Twenty-five MBC tumours were histologically evaluated, and the most frequent MBC component (c) was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), followed by spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC). A total of 69 components of MBC and non-MBC in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections were examined for 7 markers by immunohistochemistry. SCC(c) were significantly PTEN negative and CK14 positive, and SpCC(c) were significantly E-cadherin negative and vimentin positive. Multivariate analyses revealed that immunohistochemical profiles of normal/intraductal (IC)(c), no special type (NST)(c), and MBC(c) differed; moreover, SCC(c) and SpCC(c) were distinctly grouped. PTEN gene mutation was detected only in SCC(c) (2/7), but not in SpCC(c). Next-generation sequence analyses for 2 cases with tumours containing SCC(c) demonstrated that PTEN gene mutation increased progressively from IC(c) to NST(c) to SCC(c). In conclusion, the immunohistochemical and molecular profiles of the SCC(c) of MBC are distinct from those of the SpCC(c).
NCS-1 protein regulates TRPA1 channel through the PI3K pathway in breast cancer and neuronal cells
Authors: Sánchez Julio C. , Alemán Alexander , Henao Juan F. , Olaya Juan C. , Ehrlich Barbara E.
Published: April 2024

The physical and functional interaction between transient receptor potential channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1) was assessed. NCS-1 is a calcium (Ca2+) sensor found in many tissues, primarily neurons, and TRPA1 is a Ca2+ channel involved not only in thermal and pain sensation but also in conditions such as cancer and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, in which NCS-1 is also a regulatory component.

We explored the interactions between these two proteins by employing western blot, qRT–PCR, co-immunoprecipitation, Ca2+ transient monitoring with Fura-2 spectrophotometry, and electrophysiology assays in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) with different levels of NCS-1 expression and neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y).

Our findings showed that the expression of TRPA1 was directly correlated with NCS-1 levels at both the protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, we found a physical and functional association between these two proteins. Physically, the NCS-1 and TRPA1 co-immunoprecipitate. Functionally, NCS-1 enhanced TRPA1-dependent Ca2+ influx, current density, open probability, and conductance, where the functional effects depended on PI3K. Conclusion: NCS-1 appears to act not only as a Ca2+ sensor but also modulates TRPA1 protein expression and channel function in a direct fashion through the PI3K pathway. These results contribute to understanding how Ca2+ homeostasis is regulated and provides a mechanism underlying conditions where Ca2+ dynamics are compromised, including breast cancer. With a cellular pathway identified, targeted treatments can be developed for breast cancer and neuropathy, among other related diseases.
Liberty, Manipulation, and Algorithmic Transparency: Reply to Franke
Authors: Klenk Michael
Published: April 2024

Franke, in Philosophy & Technology, 37(1), 1–6, (2024), connects the recent debate about manipulative algorithmic transparency with the concerns about problematic pursuits of positive liberty. I argue that the indifference view of manipulative transparency is not aligned with positive liberty, contrary to Franke’s claim, and even if it is, it is not aligned with the risk that many have attributed to pursuits of positive liberty. Moreover, I suggest that Franke’s worry may generalise beyond the manipulative transparency debate to AI ethics in general.
Understanding the reasons why career changers pursue or pass on a STEM teaching career: a Best–Worst Scaling (BWS) approach
Authors: Siostrom Erin , Mills Reece , Bourke Terri
Published: April 2024

Intractable shortages of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teachers have prompted international policy efforts to recruit career changers to the profession. This research determines the significant influences on career changers’ decisions to pursue or pass on STEM teaching careers. Surveys completed by 91 career changers from Queensland, Australia, were analysed with Best–Worst Scaling (BWS) methods and Margaret Archer’s theories of reflexivity to establish the relative importance of factors influencing career changers’ deliberations on a STEM teaching career. The social impact of teaching was the most influential factor for career changers considering STEM teaching. Career changers who pursued the profession were also influenced by past teaching experiences and feelings towards STEM subjects. Conversely, career changers who decided against STEM teaching indicated their personal traits and life circumstances might not suit a teaching career. These findings offer implications for research and policy aimed at recruiting career changers into STEM teaching careers.
Adsorptive removal of acid blue 193 dye from wastewater using Citrullus colocynthis biomass
Authors: Hashem A. , Aniagor Chukwunonso O. , Morsy Osama , Farag S. , Aly A. A.
Published: April 2024

Due to their prevalence as contaminants in printing and textile industry wastewater, aqueous dyestuff decontamination approaches are receiving a lot of attention. Herein, the ability of powdered Citrullus colocynthis fruit peels (CCPs), a green agro-based adsorbent, to absorb an anionic acid blue 193 dye from an aqueous solution was further investigated. At pH 2.0 to 3.0, the monolayer adsorption capacity of CCP for the anionic dye species was 139.83 mg/g. Meanwhile, the successful dye uptake seen in the study is credited to the combined electrostatic interaction between the protonated adsorbent surface and the negatively charged sulfonic acid (–SO3H) group of the anionic acid blue 193 dye. Another potential adsorption mechanism is the creation of hydrogen bonds between the highly polar C = O and –OH groups of the adsorbent and the nitrogen atoms on the dye backbone. These findings suggest that CCP adsorbent is a viable candidate for the elimination of anionic acid blue 193 dyes from aqueous solution.