bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEW OF THE LEVEL OF SEXISM IN THE SERBIAN DAILY PRESS
Authors: Necić Neda
Published: March 2021

In order to determine the level of sexism in the Serbian daily press, a survey was conducted on a corpus of three editions of daily newspapers. Relevant national print media, which differ in their editorial policy, are included in the research: Politika as a serious daily informative-political newspaper, Večernje novosti as a semi-tabloid, and Kurir as a tabloid newspaper. These dailies were chosen because of the difference in the quality of the content they offer, the readability, and therefore the greatest impact on the readership. The research was done by the method of quantitative-qualitative content analysis. The research period was chosen at random, which includes editions published on January 28th 2020. The paper applies a methodology based on the numerical scale offered by Butler-Paisley in 1976, which indicates that representations of sexism are not black and white. This scale provides an explanation of the level of sexism in the media, dividing the media coverage of women into five categories, which can be categorized with each other. The woman in the first level is so limited and incompetent, that she is not a complete person; the woman in the second level is competent, but only within the defined sphere of activity; a third-level woman is allowed a wider sphere, but only if traditional activities remain primary. The fourth level allows more freedom, saying that a woman is and must be equal to a man, and level five confirms that each individual should be viewed non-stereotypically, and that women and men can sometimes surpass each other. Despite legal regulations and legal acts, which certainly represent a framework for the protection of women’s rights, the media still represent a woman under the burden of stereotypes, and do not give her enough space she deserves. The results of the research indicate certain shifts in the media representation of women, i.e. in most texts women are represented as equal to men, but there are still a large number of coded cases on the scale of “humiliate her” and “give her two places”, in which the media remind us of the two-dimensional portrayal of women and the primacy of private roles, a sphere that must not be jeopardized by a professional role
Contributions of the Catalan Educational Inspection in the Process of the Autonomy of Didactic Centers
Authors: Segura Torres Joan , Gairín Sallán Joaquín , Silva García Patricia
Published: March 2021

Catalonia is a point of reference in the whole picture of the autonomy of centers after the approval of the Education Law (LEC) accepted on July 16, 2009. This involved the realization of two fundamental principles on organization and educational management: the Decree of autonomy of educational centers, and the Decree of Management of didactic centers.

Analyzing this educational and social situation, we observe that all the work and the influence that the Inspection develops is of interest in the process of the autonomy of centers for the improvement of quality in education. It is understood that the Inspection is one of the most responsible in the search for this quality, and in obtaining the improvement of results that equal us, educationally speaking, to the best countries in Europe.

In this new scenario, we want to know from the figure of the Educational Inspection, what contribution is made in this innovative process of the autonomy of centers that we are going through in Catalonia. In order to carry out this study, we relied on a bibliographic review of different expert authors on the subject, of the current educational regulations in Catalonia, and on the application of a methodological framework based on different instruments, such as the questionnaire, the in-depth interview, and the focus group.
El impacto de lo religioso sobre la práctica política en Marruecos: El caso de la alternancia
Authors: El Achouri M. Fouad , Adnane (trad.) Abdelhamid
Published: March 2021

La cultura del consenso, peculiaridad propia de la cultura política marroquí fruto de la conciliación entre dos tipos de legitimidades diametralmente opuestas (religiosa y laica), va a dar a los diferentes conceptos e instrumentos de la práctica política y del ejercicio del poder una connotación propia y singular en relación con los conocidos conceptos tanto en ciencia política y en derecho constitucional por un lado, como en la práctica política de los países occidentales del otro: separación de poderes, monarquía parlamentaria, constitución, partidos políticos, elecciones, oposición… etc. La alternancia de su lado no escapará a esta norma fundadora de la especificidad de la excepción marroquí.
Thomas Jefferson: Entre el liberalismo y el republicanismo. La posición de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Goyenechea Elisa
Published: March 2021

El trabajo examina la interpretación de Hannah Arendt del pensamiento político de Thomas Jefferson. En primer lugar, presentamos los principales argumentos que lo ubican en el marco de las ideas del liberalismo. Al respecto, en sus escritos del período pre revolucionario Jefferson alude a la antigua constitución sajona y a los derechos naturales de John Locke. En segundo lugar, exponemos la posición de Hannah Arendt respecto de la Revolución americana como réplica del republicanismo clásico, en desmedro de la tesis prevaleciente hasta 1960, que la ubica bajo la égida del liberalismo clásico. En este contexto, mostramos que la autora interpreta a T. Jefferson como representante del republicanismo, destacando, en particular, su tesis sobre el sistema de consejos.
Comparing Regional Organizations
Authors: Panke Diana , Stapel Sören , Starkmann Anna
Published: March 2021

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and particularities of regional organizations across Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe since 1945.The authors analyze the membership dynamics and policy scopes of 76 organizations, and compare their opportunities and challenges in regional governance. They consider organizations' competencies in eleven different policy areas, including trade, security and environment, and trace patterns in their development. For those with interests in comparative regionalism, international relations, political science and international law, this is an essential companion to some of the world's most significant organizations.
Assessment of Rigour in Published Nursing Intervention Studies that Use Observational Methods
Authors: Coker Esther , Ploeg Jenny , Kaasalainen Sharon , Fisher Anita
Published: March 2021

Unstructured observation involving “going into the field” to describe and analyze what is seen and heard, may be an underutilized method in nursing research. The role of the observer, the nature of the observations, data sources, systematic recording and analysis of observations, appropriate analysis of the data, and corroboration of findings are important considerations when ensuring rigour in observational methods. However, the description of observational techniques and methods provided in published accounts of qualitative research is sparse, and it is therefore difficult to evaluate the truthfulness, credibility, and trustworthiness of many research studies. Observational methods can address discrepancies between what people say and what they actually do, and they can capture the context in which nurses practice. Little is known about the oral hygiene care practices of nurses caring for hospitalized older adults with longer lengths of stay, despite the link between poor oral hygiene and systemic illness. To date, the oral hygiene care provided by nurses has not been directly observed, nor have unstructured observational techniques been used to observe any caregivers providing such interventions. In the absence of studies related to oral hygiene care, an integrative review of the literature has been undertaken to critically analyze how rigour was ensured in qualitative or mixed - methods studies in which observational methods were used to study nurses as they provided other types of basic nursing interventions. Whittemore and Knafl’s revised integrative review method was utilized, and criteria that would indicate rigour in a study were gleaned from the literature to create a framework for analysis.
Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Focus Group Research but Were Afraid to Ask
Authors: Waingort Elisa
Published: March 2021

In this review I provide a glimpse into the key elements critical to effective focus group research from the perspective of experts Martha Carey and Jo - Ellen Asbury. The authors ’ intent is to promote the value of focus group research as an effective and rigorous form of research, if done right.
Through the Looking Glass: An Autoethnographic View of the Perceptions of Race and Institutional Support in the Tenure Process
Authors: Jones Stephanie , Taylor Colette , Coward Fanni
Published: March 2021

This autoethnography study reflects on the experiences of three assistant professors of different races of the tenure process at a large public research university. The study was framed by social cognitive career theory (SCCT), which is often used to describe career interest and career choice in a variety of professional domains, considering cognitive - personal, environmental, and experiential factors (Lent, 2005; Tang, Pan, & Newmeyer, 2008). Despite the commonality of the journey through the tenure process, everyone’s path looks different. Isolation, collegial relationships, and for some, unusually high service commitments and family responsibilities, whether because of gender or race, have provided a back drop for the lives of women in academe and have, in large part, defined their experiences on the tenure track. The results of the reflections of our experiences identify that environmental variables are important to the success of tenure seeking faculty.
Customer Satisfaction in Indian Retail Banking: A Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Mandal Pratap , Bhattacharya Sujoy
Published: March 2021

Customer satisfaction is imperative for the long - term success of any organization. More the competition, higher is the necessity to keep the customers satisfied. After liberalization in 1990 and economic reforms and the entry of new service providers in the Indian market, Indian banks – both public sector and private sector are facing enormous competition. In this competitive atmosphere, it becomes essential to understand the factors which might affect customer satisfaction in the Indian retail banking sector. In this study the researchers studied the construct of customer satisfaction with respect to Indian retail banking from a qualitative perspective. We studied the dimensions of customer satisfaction . We applied Grounded Theory Method, a tool for qualitative analysis . We conducted depth interviews and focus groups of Indian retail banking customers. The participants were persons who have availed Indian retail banking services. The analysis included open coding of the data and writing memos, concept generation from the phenomena, index card sorting to identify categories and sub - categories, axial coding to relate the categories and sub - categories, and selective coding to identify the core category. The findings included the concepts generated which would determine the dimensions which might affect customer satisfaction.
Single - sex Education in Northern Canada: A Case Study of Trapline Elementary School
Authors: Blakesley Simon
Published: March 2021

In this article I present findings from a 2012 case study of a northern Canadian public school organizing its classes in a single - sex configuration. Trapline School 1 , a Kindergarten to Grade 7 (K - 7) school in the, Yukon Territory, Canada, began organizing classes employing a single - sex configuration in 2007. The purpose of this research was to gain insights into the current status of single - gender education at Trapline School based on the perspectives of a range of stakeholders. This study specifically identifies and presents the perspectives of teachers, students, former students, School Council (comprised of parents), and school administration. Emerging from the analysis are a number of findings, including the perceived benefits and strengths of a single - sex approach to schooling and areas requiring further consideration or improvement. The study identifies the need for greater clarity regarding what is expected to be accomplished by the implementation of single - sex classes.
Becoming a Novice Smoker: Initial Smoking Behaviours among Jor danian Psychiatric Nurses
Authors: Aldiabat Khaldoun , Clinton Michael
Published: March 2021

A better understanding of how male Jordanian psychiatric nurses become smokers and continue the habit mainly at work is necessary if smoking reduction and cessation programs are to help them better manage their smoking behaviours. Here we use a grounded theory approach to describe the factors that influenced the eight nurses in our sample to take up smoking. We use five categories derived from open coding to explain the initial stage in the smoking histories of the nurses. We situate our account of " becoming a novice smoker" within the contextualizing smoking behaviours over time theory we developed from our study. Finally, we relate the substantive findings we report here to the theoretical perspectives of symbolic interactionism and transtheoretical theory.
My How Things Have Changed! Strategic Organization Development and the Transformation of Human Resource Management
Authors: Bosscher Ilene
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this book Strategic Organization Development is to report a metasynthesis research study focusing on a human resources management approach - Strategic Organizational Development. The book is written by Sharadindu Pandey who conducted a meta synthesis research study that is the focus of the book. The book is organized by chapters in which each is devoted to a step in the metasynthesis process. Pandey details the many decisions that must be made by the researcher employing this method as well as discussing the importance of the use of strategic organization development to build actionable knowledge. Valuable feature s of this book include the provision of a unique view of evolving metasynthesis research and the perspective of understanding the e merging use of the ‘Strategic Business Model’ of an organization being aligned with the Organizational Development of a company. This is not a book for light reading; rather this book would be most meaningful for those readers that are informed on the subjects of metasynthesis, qualitative research, business management, and strategic organization development.
Estrategia de fortalecimiento y mejora de la cultura organizacional de un Hospital Público, Huánuco- 2018
Authors: Lozano-Valdivia Domitila
Published: March 2021

El objetivo fue demostrar el efecto de la estrategia de mejora en el fortalecimiento de la cultura organizacional del personal de enfermería de un Hospital Público de Huánuco, 2018. Métodos, el estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo prospectivo, analítico y longitudinal, con diseño cuasi experimental pre y postest. La muestra fue no probabilística con 32 personales de enfermería, a quienes previo consentimiento informado y según consideraciones éticas, se les aplicó la estrategia de mejora, la escala de cultura organizacional y la encuesta de características generales-laborales, previamente validadas y fiabilizadas. Las hipótesis se comprobaron mediante la prueba de Wilcoxon para un p ≤ 0,05. Resultados, se evidenció que los trabajadores del Departamento de Enfermería del Hospital de estudio percibieron durante el pretest que la cultura organizacional fue de nivel desfavorable en las dimensiones responsabilidad y compromiso del personal, confianza del empleado, confianza en la institución, satisfacción en el empleo, comunicación efectiva, planeación y organización, visión congruente, trabajo en equipo y mejoramiento del servicio. Después de la intervención de mejora, la percepción se modificó en el nivel favorable. En general, durante el pretest, un 62,5 % (20) percibieron el nivel de cultura organizacional como desfavorable; en el postest se ubicó en el nivel favorable en 78,1% (25). Se contrastaron los momentos del estudio, obteniéndose diferencias significativas en las dimensiones de la cultura organizacional abordadas. Conclusiones, la estrategia de mejora, fortalece la cultura organizacional del Departamento de Enfermería, siendo las diferencias significativas entre los momentos pre y postest (p ≤ 0, 05).
La percepción de la gestión administrativa en el programa pensión 65, Huánuco
Authors: Fano-Celis Evelyn M.
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue describir la percepción de la gestión administrativa en el programa Pensión 65, Huánuco 2019. El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño descriptivo, no experimental, transversal y prospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 60 trabajadores de la pensión 65 del distrito de Huánuco, para recolección de datos se aplicó una entrevista de características generales y un cuestionario de medición de la gestión administrativa del programa Pensión 65, previamente validados, fiabilizados y alineados a consideraciones éticas para la investigación. Los resultados mostraron que un 74 % (62) fueron del género masculino y el 46 % (38) del femenino. En cuanto a la edad, el 34 % (50) tenían edades entre 21 y 30, el 25,9 % (38) edades entre 31 y 40, el 22.4 % (33) tenían 41 y 50 y el 17,7 % (26) fueron mayores de 51. Se concluye que el nivel de la percepción de los trabajadores sobre la planeación de la gestión administrativa, el 35 % (42) tuvo un nivel adecuado, el 38 % (46) un nivel aceptable y el 27 % (32) en un nivel inadecuado. Con respecto al nivel de percepción sobre la dirección se encontró que el 57 % (68) tuvo un nivel aceptable, el 23 % (28) un nivel adecuado y el 20 % (24) inadecuado. Respecto al nivel de percepción sobre el control el 47 % (56) tuvo un nivel aceptable, el 25 % (30) nivel adecuado y el 28 % (34) nivel inadecuado.
Chronic disease self-management competency and care satisfaction between
users of public and private primary care in Singapore
Authors: Ng Jun Xuan , Chia Joshua Chin Howe , Loo Li Yang , Lim Zhi Kai , Kho Kangshi , Chen Cynthia , Fong Ngan Phoon
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Primary healthcare providers play a crucial role in educating their patients on chronic
disease self-management (CDSM). This study aims to evaluate CDSM competency and satisfaction in
patients receiving their healthcare from public or private healthcare providers.
Methods: A cross-sectional household study was conducted in a public housing estate using a
standardised questionnaire to interview Singaporeans and permanent residents aged 40 years and above,
who were diagnosed with at least 1 of these chronic diseases: hyperlipidaemia, hypertension or diabetes
mellitus. CDSM competency was evaluated with the Partners In Health (PIH) scale and a knowledgebased
questionnaire. Satisfaction was evaluated using a satisfaction scale.
Results: In general, the 420 respondents demonstrated good CDSM competency, with 314 followed up
at polyclinics and 106 by general practitioners (GPs). There was no significant difference between
patients of polyclinics and GPs in CDSM competency scores (mean PIH score 72.9 vs 75.1, P=0.563),
hypertension knowledge scores (90.9 vs 85.4, P=0.16) and diabetes knowledge scores (84.3 vs 79.5,
P=0.417), except for hyperlipidaemia knowledge scores (78.6 vs 84.7, P=0.043). However, respondents
followed up by GPs had higher satisfaction rates than did those followed up at polyclinics (odds ratio 3.6,
confidence interval 2.28–5.78). Favourable personality of the doctors and ideal consultation duration led to
higher satisfaction in the GP setting. A longer waiting time led to lower satisfaction in the polyclinic group.
Conclusion: Polyclinics and GPs provide quality primary care as evidenced by high and comparable
levels of CDSM competency. Redistribution of patients from public to private clinics may result in
improvements in healthcare service quality.

Keywords: Care satisfaction, chronic disease self-management, primary care, Singapore
Epidemiology and risk stratification of minor head injuries in school-going children
Authors: Tong Wing Yee , Tan Sek Wan , Chong Shu-Ling
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Head injuries occur commonly in children and can lead to concussion injuries. We aim to describe the epidemiology of head injuries among school-going children and identify predictors of brain concussions in Singapore. Methods: This is a retrospective study of children 7–16 years old who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) of KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital in Singapore with minor head injury between June 2017 and August 2018. Data including demographics, clinical presentation, ED and hospital management were collected using a standardised electronic template. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify early predictors for brain concussion. Concussion symptoms were defined as persistent symptoms after admission, need for inpatient intervention, or physician concerns necessitating neuroimaging. Results: Among 1,233 children (mean age, 6.6 years; 72.6% boys) analysed, the commonest mechanism was falls (64.6%). Headache and vomiting were the most common presenting symptoms. A total of 395 (32.0%) patients required admission, and 277 (22.5%) had symptoms of concussion. Older age (13–16 years old) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–2.08), children involved in road traffic accidents (aOR 2.12, CI 1.17–3.85) and a presenting complaint of headache (aOR 2.64, CI 1.99–3.50) were significantly associated with symptoms of concussion. Conclusion: This study provides a detailed description of the pattern of head injuries among school-going children in Singapore. High risk patients may require closer monitoring to detect post-concussion syndrome early. Keywords: Brain injuries, child, concussions, school, sport
Obstacles to the Application of the Settlement System and its Impact on Unemployment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia:
Case study of Afif Governorate
Authors: Almotairi Noof , Alharbi Shmookh , Alazmi Rahaf , Alotaibi Sara
Published: March 2021

RESEARCH ARTICLE
Obstacles to the Application of the Settlement System and its Impact on Unemployment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia:
Case study of Afif Governorate

, Rahaf Mohammed Alazmia Sara Ayed Alotaibia, Shmookh Mansour Alharbia, Noof Jaiz Almotairia
a Master's student in Business Administration - Shaqra University - Saudi Arabia

Abstract
The study aimed to uncover the causes of obstacles to the application of the Emiratisation system, and its impact on unemployment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, as seen by the unemployed in Afif Governorate, and to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was prepared consisting of 17 questions distributed on the obstacles related to Emiratisation, which are obstacles related to citizens, obstacles related to private sector organizations. Constraints related to regulatory bodies, impediments related to society, were applied to the study sample of 40 individuals who were selected by the simple random stratified method. The results of the study showed that the obstacles that prevent the implementation of the Emiratisation system in Afif governorate are that the private sector companies were few, and then came the area of obstacles related to private sector organizations. In light of these results, the study recommends a number of recommendations, the most important of which is to increase the branches of companies in the governorates of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and to conduct more studies in these areas of Emiratisation, so that the upcoming studies include larger geographical areas.
Keywords: localization, unemployment, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Afif Governorate
Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors Among Women in a Rural Community in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Boitchia Anika , Naher Shabnam , Pervez Sabbir , Hossainc Moyazzem
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to identify the prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension among rural women. Data collection was carried out between March to June 2019 among 380 women in Kumarkhali Upazila, Kushtia, Bangladesh. Participants were interviewed with a structured questionnaire including background characteristics, anthropometric measurements, prevalence, and risk factors of hypertension. IBM SPSS version 25 was used for analyzing the data. The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension among the total participants was 21.3% and 17.1%, respectively. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 126.65 (±19.31) mmHg and 77.21 (±12.51) mmHg. Association was found between the prevalence of hypertension and participant’s age, marital status, educational level, body mass index, intake of raw salt, secondary smoking, stress, and diabetes (p<0.05). Among the diabetic women, prehypertension and hypertension prevailed as 26.3% and 55.3% respectively. The lowest risk of hypertension was found with limited raw salt (aOR: 1.42) and red meat (aOR: 0.05) consumption. Hypertension was more likely to affect overweight (aOR: 3.98) and women aged 55 to 64 years (aOR: 13.44). Thus, effective and integrated intervention agendas are required for women, which can improve the rate of diagnosis and prevent uncontrolled hypertension in Bangladesh.
Keywords: Prevalence, hypertension, women, blood pressure, risk factor, Bangladesh
Student led outreach workshops to promote Basic Life Support
Authors: Sadia Ahsin  , Madiha Imran  , Ammad Fahim  , Liaquat Hussain
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Primary aim of this project was to provide BLS training to staff, students and faculty of higher educational institutes of Rawalpindi and Islamabad (twin cities in Punjab, Pakistan) through pre-trained medical students. Secondary aim of the study project was to qualitatively record the impact of community training on student facilitators who conducted BLS workshops, through semi structured interviews.
Methods: A mixed method Quasi experimental study was carried out at Foundation University Islamabad in collaboration with Higher Education Commission of Pakistan from 2015 to 2018. BLS trained 120 volunteer medical students were divided in 20 teams to visit and provide hands-on training to 20 educational institutes with 45-50 participants each. These participants completed pre and post training questionnaires, whereas, student trainers went through post training semi structured interviews. Quantitative analysis of participants pre and post training responses was done using SPSS 21. Qualitative assessment of impact on students was done through constant comparative analysis of transcripts.
Results: A total of 675 participants including students, faculty and staff received hands on BLS training. Questionnaire based analysis of participants BLS knowledge showed >99% improvement (p < 0.001) after training. Main recurring themes identified in transcribed student interviews were, opportunity to improve self-confidence and technical skill.
Conclusion: Hands on training sessions conducted by pre-trained medical students not only resulted in improvement in BLS knowledge of participants at various educational institutes but also had substantial impact on student trainers self-confidence and technique.
Continuous...
Frequency of limb salvage after infra-inguinal bypasses for chronic limb-threatening ischemia in diabetics: a retrospective study
Authors: Zia Ur Rehman
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: To assess number of limb salvaged among diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia after infra-inguinal bypass surgeries at low to middle income country (LMIC) hospital.
Methods: It was a retrospective chart review of the diabetic patients who underwent infra-inguinal bypass for lower leg revascularization for chronic limb-threatening ischemia at the Section of Vascular Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi (Pakistan) from Jan 2008 till April 2019.
Results: Thirty two patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 62.5 ±7.3 years and 18 (56.3%) were male. Ten (31.3%) patients presented with rest pain, 13(40.6%) with gangrene and 9 (28.1%) patients presented with non-healing ulcer. The most common inflow site was common femoral artery 20 (62.5%). The most frequent outflow sites were above and below knee popliteal arteries; 10 (31.3%) patients each. Twenty (62.5%) patients had suitable veins for reconstruction with autologous graft. The limb salvage rate was 90.6%. Three (9.4%) patients had nonfatal MI. There was no perioperative mortality.
Conclusion: Diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia had salvage rate of 90.5% after infra-inguinal bypass surgeries in our set up comparable to those described in literature.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot, arteriopathy, critical limb ischemia, amputation. Continuous...
Een perioculaire vorm van necrobiosis lipoidica
Authors: DE VOS A. , TEMMERMAN L. , DE SMET L.
Published: March 2021

A periocular form of necrobiosis lipoidica

Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is an uncommon granulomatous skin disease of unknown origin. It is more often seen in patients with diabetes mellitus. Other cases describe an association with conditions like autoimmune thyroid disease, inflammatory bowel disease, sarcoidosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The skin lesions usually appear on the legs of the patient. Rarely, the disease presents in the face and/or scalp, in this case it is called “facial necrobiosis lipoidica” (FNL). When one or multiple annular, non-scaly plaques are observed in the face and/or scalp, it is important to think about FNL. The lesions are usually yellowish in the centre with areas of depigmentation and/or atrophy of the skin. In the periphery, the colour might be brown-red and sometimes an elevated border can be observed. FNL may look like another skin disease called “necrobiotic xanthogranuloma”. For this reason, histology is crucial for a correct diagnosis. It is important to exclude underlying diabetes mellitus. Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is frequently associated with paraproteinemia. Therefore, this condition has to be ruled out by means of a blood analysis. There are no guidelines available for the treatment of FNL, but topical tacrolimus 0,1% might be an effective therapy for these patients.
Reflections in the rear-view mirror. Two decades of epilepsy 6
Authors: Manford Mark
Published: March 2021

For the first series of ACNR in 2001, I wrote a series of articles covering key areas in the management of epilepsy: diagnosis; first line treatment; refractory epilepsy; status epilepticus; women and epilepsy; social effects of epilepsy. Now, 20 years on, it is interesting to review progress.
Developing Task-Based Listening-Speaking Materials for Students
Authors: Nadia Dian
Published: March 2021

The objectives of this research were to describe the existing listening-speaking materials used in English for Nursing subject in nursing academy and to find out the feasibility of the developed listening-speaking materials for English for Nursing subject. This research belongs to Research and Development (R&D) study. The steps consisted of needs analysis, designing prototype, developing prototype, expert judgment, and try out. The data were gained through questionnaires, observation, and interviews. The results of this research were listening-speaking materials for nursing academy students with following characteristics: 1) it was developed based on students’ needs, 2) it was developed based on TBLT, 3) it contained tasks that enabled the students to learn and practise the language they need in their workplace, especially listening and speaking skills. The draft then was evaluated by ELT and subject experts. The appropriateness of materials was shown in the terms of materials, presentation, illustration, language, and graphic appropriateness. It achieved a final mean score of 3.81, which was in the range of 3.25 < x ≤ 4. After that, the material was tried-out to validate the feasibility. Finally, this material for nursing academy students is expected to meet the students’ needs in increasing their listening and speaking skills.
Az élet értelme a tündérmesékben
Authors: Bárdos József
Published: March 2021

Ha megkíséreljük megmondani, mi az ember életének értelme, rájöhetünk, hogy ezt csak egy külső nézőpontból ítélhetnénk meg. A tündérmesék biztosíthatnak számunkra ilyen nézőpontot annak felismeréséhez, mi az élet célja. Üzeneteiket elsősorban azok a mesemozzanatok közvetítik a maguk metaforikus módján, amelyekből a klasszikus tündérmesék felépülnek. A legfőbb üzenet, hogy sorsunkat ne csak átéljük, de teljes intenzitással meg is éljük, választásainkkal, döntéseinkkel találjuk meg a saját utunkat, amely elvezet bennünket ahhoz, hogy felnőtt, a világot megismerni akaró, a boldogságot kereső emberré váljunk.
A lovak rejtett szerepe a lovasterápiás munkában
Authors: Koltai Blanka Sára , Devosa Iván , Tiszai Luca , Nagy Melinda
Published: March 2021

Az állatasszisztált terápiák napjainkban egyre nagyobb népszerűségnek örvendenek, melyek közül a lovasterápia az egyik legnépszerűbb. Fontos kiemelni, hogy a terápiára nem minden ló alkalmas, ezért fontos a terápiás munka megkezdése előtt a megfelelő ló kiválasztása és képzése. A kiválasztásnál elsősorban fontos figyelembe venni lovak a méretét, mozgását, nemét, korát, vérmérsékletét és munkakedvét. A terápiás munka során nemcsak a szakembernek kell magas szintű tudással rendelkezniük, hanem a lovaknak is. A lovasterápiára általában jól alkalmazható fajták pl.: a Haflingi, a Fjord és a Hucul.
Computer simulation of roundabouts
Authors: Kovács Tamás
Published: March 2021

Inthe last decades numerous traffic lamp controlled intersectionshave beenchanged to roundabouts on Hungarian traffic roads, hoping that this helps diminish the usual traffic jams in these traffic contexts.The most characteristic parameter of a roundabout is the capacity that is the number of vehicles can pass through the intersection in 1 hour. The capacity calculation of the new roundabouts, beyond a formula basedcalculation, often involves computer simulation as well, so as to get more reliable results. In the present paper we introduce a development of our traffic simulator so that it is able to determine the capacitiesof a roundabout. The simulation is tested by capacity calculation of a real roundabout and the dependency of the capacity on some key parameters is examined as well.
A Study of Psychological and Behavioral Correlates of Brand Loyalty
Authors: Mishra A R , Bajaj Ritu
Published: March 2021

The study aimed at understanding psychological variables and behavioral variables having their effect on brand loyalty particularly in terms of food & grocery private label brand in Indian market. A number of psychological variables and behavioral variables were taken up from an established scale developed by Prof Scot Burton, University of Arkansas, available in public domain for the study. It was found that the psychological variables and behavioral variables both have impact on loyalty towards private label brands. It shows consumer thought process maturing towards private brands
FLORESTAN FERNANDES: ORIGENS DO SUBDESENVOLVIMENTO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Maximiliano Eduardo Gomes , Dietrich Priscila Von
Published: March 2021

Florestan Fernandes (1920-1995) destacou-se por conceber as bases da sociologia brasileira, definindo não apenas o enfoque teórico-metodológico, mas toda a dimensão profissional do cientista social. A obra de Florestan é marcada por sua preocupação em constituir um pensamento especificamente sociológico das grandes questões nacionais, inserindo-se de modo sui generis na categoria de intérprete do Brasil. Este artigo ordena as principais contribuições do autor sobre a formação da identidade nacional. Após uma breve apresentação de sua biografia, principais influências e obras publicadas, expomos suas reflexões sobre a trajetória da sociedade brasileira desde o período colonial até a conjuntura do capitalismo dependente. As considerações do autor sobre a problemática do desenvolvimento nacional são apresentadas na segunda parte do texto. A obra de Florestan Fernandes é fundamental para a reflexão sobre o subdesenvolvimento brasileiro, o que lhe confere grande relevância para compreender o período atual e ponderar sobre os desdobramentos da sociedade contemporânea.
EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL E A INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Rodrigues Erica
Published: March 2021

Este estudo teve por objetivo geral abordar a educação inclusiva no ensino superior. Seus objetivos específicos foram contribuir para a reflexão sobre o conceito e a prática da educação inclusiva, sobre a legislação brasileira acerca do tema, e, ainda apresentar uma abordagem sobre o histórico da inclusão das pessoas portadoras de deficiência na educação e sobre as barreiras no acesso e permanência destes no ensino superior. Metodologicamente o estudo caracterizou-se como descritivo exploratório e, se apoiou em uma base teórica por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica constituída pela análise de textos publicados, tanto na literatura especializada, como em periódicos (impressos e/ou disponibilizados na internet). Autores e estudiosos como Aline Maira da Silva, Elsa Midori Shimazaki e João Baptista Cintra Ribas deram suporte aos estudos. Com a realização do estudo concluiu-se que no Brasil muito há que se evoluir na inclusão das pessoas portadoras de deficiência no ensino superior, pois apesar da previsão legal e das políticas e movimentos de inclusão existentes, ainda há pouca efetividade prática na aplicação de tais leis e ideais, pois além das barreiras físicas (mobiliário inadequado, instalações desprovidas de acessibilidade, etc) é preciso mudar a cultura organizacional de cada instituição, de modo a promover o acolhimento dos estudantes portadores de necessidades especiais e sua permanência nas instituições de ensino superior.
El Salvador 2009 ... en la mira
Authors: Editor El
Published: March 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 64, No. 719, 2009: 125-130.
El Salvador 2009 ... en la mira
Authors: Editor El
Published: March 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 64, No. 719, 2009: 137-142.
El Salvador 2009 ... en la mira
Authors: Editor El
Published: March 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 64, No. 719, 2009: 143-148.
Análisis bacteriológico y bioquímico de líquido amniótico en pacientes con ruptura prematura de membranas
Authors: Escalante López Gerardo , Rojas Alvarado Sandra , Ortiz Arosemena Edwin , Moya Sibaja Rafael , Chávez M Olga , Mora D Carlos
Published: March 2021

Se considera aquella que ocurre antes del inicio de la labor. Ruptura de membranas que ocurre antes del inicio de la labor a una edad gestacional menor a la semana 37 se considera una RPM de pretérmino...
Angina postinfarto: definición, clasificación. fisiopatología y terapia no tradicional
Authors: Elizondo Urrutia Juan Carlos , Sáenz Madrigal Manuel E. , Suárez Loaiza Jorge
Published: March 2021

La enfermedad coronaria aterosclerótica es la causa más importante que produce un infarto agudo al miocardio, luego de ocurrido éste, los pacientes deben estratificarse en grupos de riesgo, para identificar aquellos con más posibilidad de tener otro infarto…
Cirugía Laparoscoópica para reflujo gastroesofágico
Authors: Cueto Jorge , Weber Alejandro , Hurtado Carlos , Garteiz Delzin , Sánchez Mario , Fonseca Juan
Published: March 2021

La funduplicación de Nissen es una de las operaciones pava reflujo gastroesofágico de mayor aceptación; sin embargo, es una operación con importante morbilidad para una patología benigna. Esta operación, se ha venido haciendo en los últimos años mediante cirugía laparoscópica con menores problemas que la cirugía clásica abierta. Presentamos una experiencia preliminar de 44 casos resueltos con este abordaje en el que tenemos un 94,8% de pacientes con alivio de los síntomas y mínimas complicaciones. Solo 2 pacientes requirieron una segunda cirugía. La presión final del esfinter fue de 25mmH y la longitud de la funduplicatura fue de 3.06 cms.
Fertilización in vitro de la especie humana en Costa Rica: primeros nacimientos reportados
Authors: Escalante Gerardo , Riba Delia , Escalante Lilliam , Rodríguez José , Jiménez Eliane , Sánchez Luis , Fernández Jorge A
Published: March 2021

Se aceptaron 50 parejas con infertilidad dentro el programa de fertilización in vitro del Instituto Costarricense de Infertilidad para tratamiento desde setiembre de 1994 a agosto de 1996. La edad de las mujeres comprendió un rango de 26 a 45 años, con una media de 35 años. Treinta y nueve presentaban una obstrucción tubárica bilateral, 10 tenían un factor masculino subóptimo en asociación con factor pélvico tuboperitoneal y una pareja tenía infertilidad no explicada. Un total de 23 parejas presentaban factor masculino subóptimo. Setenta y dos ciclos fueron iniciados y se efectuaron sesenta y nueve aspiraciones. Se obtuvieron nueve embarazos, tres bioquímicos y seis clínicos, de los cuales tres nacieron y uno está por nacer.
La mortalidad en el cuerpo médico nacional
Authors: Jiménez Navarrete Manuel Fco.
Published: March 2021

Justificación: El médico es un profesional expuesto a la aparición temprana de morbimortalidad por varias enfermedades como. producto de su trabajo. En nuestro país debe verificarse esta afirmación.
Objetivo: Investigar la mortalidad en los últimos once años, en médicos costarricenses, mediante un estudio transversal descriptivo.
Métodos: Análisis bioestadístico de médicos fallecidos, según registros del Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos, Registro Civil y tres instituciones de salud. Se analizaron de los médicos vivos, su número, condición de actividad, sexo, edad, domicilio, lugar de formación, especialidad y actividad laboral. De los fallecidos, especialidad, edad al morir y sexo, causas primarias y secundarias de defunción.
Resultados: Había en Costa Rica 3894 médicos (1991), la mayoría especialistas (43,6%), una proporción 3: I (hombres/mujeres), formados en el país principalmente (58,9%), la mayoría menores de 40 años de edad, viviendo en San José (66,2%) e institucionalmente trabajando para la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (80%). Durante el tiempo estudiado fallecieron 119 médicos (95% hombres), principalmente especialistas (56,4%), la mayoría entre 60 y 79 años de edad (40%).
La principal causa de muerte fue la cardiovascular (39,2%) destacando la enfermedad coronaria, produciendose hasta en un 54.5% entre los médicos activos.
La segunda causa de muerte fueron los carcinomas en un 20.5%. Se encontró un 10% de suicidios y entre las causas infecciosas destacan 3 casos de sida.
Conclusión: Para realizar estudios estadísticos de mortalidad médica, es necesario contar con sistemas de registros adecuados. Se observó desde 1988 una tendencia creciente de defunción a edades menor de IO años.
Se encontró un 10% de suicidios, Io que nos lleva a pensar no sólo en la salud física sino mental de nuestros médicos.
La principal causa de muerte entre los médicos fue la cardiovascular, destacando la enfermedad coronaria entre los médicos activos, por lo que urge llevar a cabo estrategias de intervención en factores de riesgo y estilos de vida saludable.
Sangrado uterino del climatrio asociado a tumor funcionante de ovario. Reporte de dos casos
Authors: Montvelisky Herman , Chang Sing-Hung
Published: March 2021

Dentro de las causas de sangrados uterino anormal se deben considerar los tumores funcionantes de ovario. A pesar de ser infrecuentes y generalmente de comportamiento benigno, su capacidad de producción estrogénica sostenida puede resultar en patologías benignas, premalignas o malignas del útero. Se reportan dos casos de sangrado uterino anormal en pacientes climatéricas, secundario a tecoma y fibrotecoma del ovario. Ambas pacientes fueron sometidas a cirugía con el diagnóstico preoperatorio de miomatosis uterina, y una de ellas tenía además hiperplasia endometrial. El hallazgo incidental de estos tumores de ovario al realizar la ooforectomía demuestra que pueden pasar desapercibidos si no se sospecha su existencia al abordar pacientes con sangrado uterino anormal.
Factores de riesgo coronario en pacientes en prevención secundaria: un reporte del Programa de Rehabilitación Cardíaca CENARE/INCIENSA
Authors: Jiménez Montero Jose G , Bolaños Arrieta Mario , Vargas Picado Marco , Roselló Araya Marlen
Published: March 2021

La enfermedad coronaria es la principal causa de muerte en Costa Rica y su prevalencia va en aumento. Este reporte analiza las principales características de los pacientes con coronaria, incluyedo aquellos sobrevivientes a un infarto del miocardio o a los que se les realizó procedimientos de revascularización coronaria por presentar angina de pecho y que fueron atendidos en la Clínica de Rehabilitación Cardíaca (CENARE/ INCIENSA) durante 1993 a 1996. Los principales factores se riesgo fueron la historia de fumado, la dislipidemia, la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y la hipertensión arterial. Se analizó en detalle el perfil lipídico el cual mostró que el 80 por ciento de los pacientes con enfermedad coronaria tenían concentraciones de colesterol LDL superiores a 100 mg/dl. Se recomienda unificar criterios para tratar apropiadamente todos los factores de riesgo mediante el establecimiento de programas nacionales y, en especial, la modificación de las alteraciones del perfil lipídico, condición común en estos pacientes, con el fin de reducir los riesgos de otro evento coronario.
Utilización de colgajo escapular libre para la reconstrucción de mandíbula: reporte de un caso
Authors: Centeno Ramírez Carlos , Chavarría León Gustavo , Castrillón G Andrés
Published: March 2021

Las resecciones de los cánceres avanzados o recurrentes en cabeza y cuello generalmente dejan defectos complejos. El cirujano plástico a menudo enfrenta muchos desafíos en la reconstrucción de estos defectos y para ello cuenta con varias fuentes disponibles de tejido. El colgajo libre escapular llena la mayoría de los requisitos para estos defectos de cabeza y cuello. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un defecto mandibular, después de la resección de carcinoma basocelular, en el cual se utilizó el colgajo escapular con solamente el componente óseo.
Validación del Inventario de Depresión para niños (IDN) en Costa Rica
Authors: Sandí Luis Eduardo , Díaz Alicia , Murrelle Lenn , Zeledón María Eugenia , Alvarado Rebeca
Published: March 2021

Resumen: Dada la creciente importancia de los problemas depresivos y suicidios en niños y adolescentes, así como su relación con otros problemas conductuales y académicos, se hace necesario explorar más este fenómeno. El objetivo del presente estudio es validar para Costa Rica el Inventario de Depresión para Niños y Adolescentes. El instrumento se aplicó a 727 estudiantes de 8 a 19 años y a 97 adolescentes previamente diagnosticados como depresivos. Los resultados evidenciaron altos índices de confiabilidad interna y temporal, lo que demuestra la homogeneidad del cuestionario y su consistencia en el tiempo. También se encontró que aproximadamente uno de cada diez estudiantes presentaba suficientes síntomas depresivos para ameritar un mayor estudio y posiblemente un tratamiento específico. Se recomienda realizar una exploración más profunda al respecto, así como despertar mayor interés sobre el tema y ofrecer capacitación a padres y educadores.
Fístula biliocutánea espontánea, reporte de un caso
Authors: Orlich Dundorf Claudio , Orlich Carranza Claudio
Published: March 2021

La fístula biliocutánea es una enfermedad muy rara. En la literatura se han reportado 205 casos y desde 1890 solamente 36. Se presenta un paciente masculino de 68 años diagnosticado como portador de colelitiasis, quien 6 años después desarrolla una fístula biliocutánea espontánea. Fué tratado erróneamente como una enfermedad dermatológica por ausencia de síntomas gastrointestinales asociados en ese momento, y finalmente sometido a una colecistectomía.