bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nano theranostics involved in bladder cancer treatment
Authors: Liu Kunpeng , Mo Qixi , Ding Zhenshan , Lai Shicong , Ren Jian , Yu Qingsong
Published: April 2023

Bladder cancer (BC) is a complex disease with multiple clinical manifestations and treatment challenges, and current standard-of-care therapies remain limited and unfavorable. Theranostics, the integration of diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, has emerged as a promising strategy to address these challenges. The rapid development of nanomedicine has been a source of hope for the improvement of BC therapies and diagnostics by reducing side effects, enhancing tumor suppression, and overcoming drug resistance. Metal nanoparticles (NPs), inorganic NPs, polymer NPs, etc. have their respective advantages and show encouraging potential in the therapy of BC. In this review, we provide an overview on the state of the art in nanotechnology-based theranostics for BC, offering insights into the design and discovery of novel NPs for future BC management.
Role of Vav1, a hematopoietic signal transduction molecule, as an adaptor protein in health and disease
Authors: Katzav Shulamit
Published: April 2023

The growth and differentiation of normal cells are controlled by protein-tyrosine kinases, which serve as receptors for a wide variety of external signals. Small protein modules called Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3 domains mediate protein-protein interactions in signaling pathways that are triggered by protein tyrosine kinases. The SH2 domain, a protein module of around 100 amino acids, is present in tyrosine kinase targets within the cell. SH2 domains are recruited to activated and autophosphorylated growth factor receptors by directly recognizing tyrosine phosphorylation sites. Growth factor receptors and other phosphoproteins have short phosphotyrosine (pTyr)-containing sequences that are bound by SH2 domains. The SH3 domain, a distinct element of approximately 50 residues that recognizes proline-rich and hydrophobic-amino-acid-containing regions, is frequently found in SH2-containing proteins. Tyrosine kinases can be coupled to downstream targets with SH3-binding sites by proteins with SH2 and SH3 domains acting as adaptors. These intricate and precise biochemical signaling pathways result in the regulation of gene expression, cytoskeletal architecture, and cell metabolism. The role of SH2/SH3 proteins in T cell signaling will be discussed. A special focus will be on the role of the hematopoietic signal transducer with SH2/SH3 domains, Vav1, in health and cancer.
Features of Changing Structural and Morphological Properties of Bamboo Pulp During Refining
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Khoa Hoang M. , Kazakov Yakov V. , Okulova Elena O.
Published: April 2023

The wood of tropical plants, including bamboo, has great potential due to its rapid growth, simple cultivation, low cost, and characteristics suitable for the pulp and paper industry. The study considers the structural-morphological properties of unbleached kraft pulp from the wood of Bambusa blumeana, which grows in the Republic of Vietnam. Kraft cooking was carried out on an autoclave system, CAS 420. The obtained bamboo pulp had a yield of 41.7 %, the Kappa number was 17.3. Structural and morphological properties are determined by an automatic fiber analyzer, L&W Fiber Tester. Digital microphotographs were taken with an ImagerM2m Carl Zeiss microscope. Samples were studied before and after refining at the Yokro mill up to 60 °SR. A comparison of the change in the structural and dimensional properties of bamboo pulp fibers was made with industrial softwood and hardwood unbleached pulp. It has been established that, with a general, similar to hardwood and softwood pulp, the nature of the change in properties during refining – a decrease in the average fiber length (from 1.90 up to 1.21 mm), an increase in width (from 17.8 to 20.6 μm), shape factor (from 81.7 to 85.6 %), fines content (from 1.8 to 7.0 %), a decrease in the number of kinks per fiber (from 0,78 to 0,72), the average segment length (from 1.17 to 0.86 mm), also observed for softwood and hardwood pulp, the change in the values of the structural and dimensional characteristics of the fibers in pulp from bamboo occurs to the greatest extent. The reduced fiber width with a high fiber length provides the highest values of the fiber slenderness ratio l/w (from 106.6 for unrefined to 58.8 at 60 °SR) in comparison with softwood (from 81.3 to 60.6) and especially hardwood (from 44.4 to 36.0), which in turn leads to a reduced shape factor and easier damage to the fibers under hydromechanical action during refining, which is expressed in a change in the number of kinks on a fiber. The maximum changes in the structure, size, shape of the fiber and fine content occur already in the first 10 minutes of refining, which indicates the low strength of bamboo fibers and their easy damage. Therefore, it can be assumed that the use of unbleached bamboo pulp in brown paper furnishing will not lead to an increase in its strength. For citation: Khoa H.M., Kazakov Ya.V., Okulova E.O. Features of Changing Structural and Morphological Properties of Bamboo Pulp During Refining. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 2, pp. 146–159. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-2-146-159
Analysis of Wind Load Effect on Greenhouse Frame for Cultivation Seedlings with Closed Root System
Authors:   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Chernik Denis V. , Avdeeva Elena V. , Chernik Kristina N. , Rovnykh Nikita L.
Published: April 2023

Reforestation is one of the priorities of the state policy of the Russian Federation. Artificial recreation of forests, including a closed root system seedling cultivation technology, has shown its high efficiency in the conditions where natural recovery didn’t develop at the proper extent, especially in the areas affected by large-scale clearcuts and crown fires. Despite the high cost of the closed root system seedling cultivation technology, it is economically viable due to the high survival rate of the plants and the possibility to carry out the planting process over a long period of time. The industrial greenhouses are used for this technology and their construction engineering must consider the influence of external stress, including wind load that depends on the territorial location of the structure. The purpose of the study is to justify the construction characteristics of a greenhouse frame with a sufficient strength for the cultivation of seedlings with the closed root system. The object of the study is a rigid frame model of the greenhouse. The study was performed in the climate conditions of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The stress and strain analyss are made on the greenhouse construction elements under the conditions of their own weight and wind load using the method for solid modelling. The principal and the peak loads, the dimensions of the most stained areas, the influence of the wind load in these regions are calculated by applying the finite element algorithm for stress analysis simulated in a CAD software. The recommendations for the optimization of the structure are given. For citation: Chernik D.V., Avdeeva E.V., Chernik K.N., Rovnykh N.L. Analysis of Wind Load Effect on Greenhouse Frame for Cultivation Seedlings with Closed Root System. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 2, pp. 195–201. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-2-195-201
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Map Jurnalmap , Mukmin Silahul , Budiarto Wasis , Prasetyo Indra
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

 

The aimed of this study was to determine the effect of leadership style and organizational culture on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. This type of research used quantitative research. Data collected used questionnaires and documentation with a total sample of 50 people.. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results showed that 1) Significant influential leadership style on job satisfaction. 2) Organizational culture has a significant effect on job satisfaction. 3) Leadership style has a significant effect on employee performance. 4) Organizational Culture signifies significant effect on employee performance. 5) Job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance. 6) Job satisfaction is an intervening variable between leadership style and employee performance because the value of indirect influence is greater than direct influence. 7) Job satisfaction is an intervening variable between organizational culture on employee performance because the value of indirect influence is greater than direct influence.

 

Keywords: Leadership Style (X1), Organizational Culture (X2), Employee Performance (Y), Employee Satisfaction (Z)
PENGARUH KUALITAS SDM, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KREATIVITAS GURU TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA GURU DI MTs AL FALAH KECAMATAN PASEAN KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Map Jurnalmap , YULIAWATI ENI , Utari Woro , ÔÇì Subijanto
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

 

This research was conducted in Mts Al Falah Kecamatan Pasean Kabupaten Pamekasan with a total sample of 35 people. The purpose of this study is 1) To describe how conditions are about the quality of human resources, work discipline, teacher creativity and work performance of teachers, 2) To test and analyze whether the quality of human resources, work discipline and creativity of teachers simultaneously have an influence on the work performance of teachers, 3) To test and analyze whether the quality of human resources, work discipline and creativity of teachers partially has an influence on the work performance of teachers. The results showed that simultaneously, quality of human resources, work discipline, teacher creativity had a significant effect on teacher work achievement. Partially, the quality of human resources, work discipline, teacher creativity have a significant effect on teacher work performance. The quality of the HR variable has a dominant influence on the Teacher's.

Keywords: Keywords: Job Performance, Quality of Human Resources, Work Discipline, and Creativity.
Nurses’ Compliance with Standard Precautions Regarding Infection Control at Eldaein Teaching Hospital, East Darfur state 2021
Authors: Mahassin A. B. Fadil All  , Mohammed K. H. Khalid  , Mohamed A. A. Alamein
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Staff nurses play an important role in prevention of infection of patients by paying careful attention to hand hygiene, ensuring careful administration of prescribed antibiotics and by following procedures to reduce the risks associated with patient care devices.Aim: To evaluate compliance of nurses regarding standard precautions of infection control.Method: Descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted at ELdaein teaching hospital. The sample consisted of 60 nurses. Data was collected though observational checklist.Result: nurses’ compliance with standard precautions of infection control was good Mean ± SD (2.92, 0.512).Conclusion: The nurses had a good level of compliance with standard precautions of infection control while most of nurseswere not compliance with washinghands before wears gloves, wear masks and protective eye patch or goggle when performing operations/procedures that might induce spraying of blood, body fluid, secretions, and excretions due to lack of personal protective equipment. The findings suggest the important of continuous teaching, training, and workshop courses to improve nurses’ compliance with standard precautions of infection control and to supply all personal protective equipment which helps the nurses to comply with standard preparations of infection control.
Stress among Undergraduate Nursing Students at Governmental Nursing Faculties in Sudan
Authors: Omer Abdalgabar Musa Hassan  , EgbalAbbashar Algamar  , Hammad Ali Fadlalmola
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Stress among undergraduate nursing students is an increasingly important issue. Maladaptiveresponses can lead to serious health problems, such as anxiety, depression, and other mental health disorders.The aim of this study was to assess stress among undergraduate nursing students.Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional institution-based design with a sample size of 285undergraduate nursing students from Omdurman Islamic University and Al Neelain University. The PerceivedStress Scale (PSS) was used to collect data.Results: The majority of students (29%) reported environment as the leading cause of stress and had moderatelevel of stress. Second- and Fourth-year students had higher stress level compared to the First- and Third-yearstudents.Conclusion:This study concluded that environment-related pressures were the major cause of stress amongundergraduate nursing students. It is recommended that academic counseling be established and maintained,and an orientation program provided to reduce stress. Tele learning and E-learning should also be initiated andmaintained to reduce environmental stress.
Sudanese Nursing Students’ Satisfaction Level and Clinical Learning Environment: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hammad A. Fadlalmola
Published: April 2023

Background: The clinical learning environment is crucial for student nurses’ skill acquisition and satisfaction in clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between Sudanese student nurses’ satisfaction with clinical placements and the clinical learning environment. The study focused on the impact of students’ perceptions of their learning environment on their satisfaction levels.Methods: The study was an analytical cross-sectional study that recruited 204 Sudanese student nurses. Participants completed a questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic information, satisfaction with clinical assignments, and the Clinical Learning Environment Scale (CLES). Statistical analyses included descriptive and bivariate analyses, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation, and ordinal logistic regression analysis.Results: The mean satisfaction score was 5.3, with no significant difference between male and female participants. The hospital manager’s leadership style had the highest score among the CLES dimensions, while the supervisory relationship had the lowest score. The study found a significant positive correlation between satisfaction level, overall CLES score, and all CLES dimensions. The regression analysis showed that the supervisory relationship and the pedagogical atmosphere in the hospital were the most significant predictors of satisfaction level, while the overall score had the weakest relationship with the outcome variable.Conclusion: Assessing the clinical learning environment is essential to improving student learning outcomes and ensuring a positive educational experience for student nurses. The study recommends paying attention to dimensions with lower scores, such as the supervisory relationship, while maintaining and enhancing dimensions with higher scores, such as the hospital manager’s leadership style.
Comparative Study of Extinguishing and Upcoming Manual Therapy Techniques in Dentists Having Stage II of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Chitvanjeet Kaur  , Aman Navneet Kaur
Published: April 2023

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when median nerve is compressed as it travels through the wrist.The syndrome is characterized by pain in the hand, numbness, and tingling in the distribution of the median nerveand leads to reduction in grip strength and hand function. Stage II Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when patientis involved in activities of repetitive movement of wrist during day. The study aimed to compare functionalimprovement in results after treating with Extinguishing manual therapy techniques and Upcoming manualtherapy techniques.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 30 dentists having Stage II Carpal Tunnel Syndrome weretreated first with extinguishing manual therapy techniques (Phase I) for 10 days and then there was a gap of1 week to decondition the effects of Phase I. After deconditioning same group of patients were treated withUpcoming manual therapy techniques for 10 days. In both the Phases Conservative therapy was also included.Patient specific activity scoring scheme and Boston scale were used to compare the results.Conclusion: The study concluded that Upcoming manual therapy are more effective than extinguishing manualtherapy techniques in treating dentists having Stage II Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
Effect of Proprioception Exercise versus Focused Regimen Exercise on Balance and Quality of Life in Subjects with Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: V. Pradhap Sankar  , R. Janani  , M. Manoj Abraham
Published: April 2023

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a polyneuropathy that can cause damage to the peripheral nervefibers, sensorimotor and autonomic nervous system. Neuropathy causes somatosensory dysfunction of the lowerextremities, such as decreased ankle position and vibration sensations. The sensation of the skin on the feet andthe proprioceptive sense are two important factors in standing balance, postural control and coordination. As thiscondition progresses, this can lead to increased postural sway, gait disturbance, abnormal neuromuscular controland increased reaction time leading to falls in balance impaired patients.Objective: To determine the effect of proprioception exercise versus focused regimen exercise on balance andquality of life in subjects with diabetic neuropathy.Methods: 20 Subjects with diabetic neuropathy of both genders, in the age group of 40 – 60 years were convenientlyassigned into 2 groups. Group A (n = 10) received Proprioception exercise and Group B (n = 10) received Focusedregimen exercise, 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks. Balance and quality of life were evaluated with Berg Balance Scaleand SF – 36 Survey questionnaire.Results: The difference in the post-test mean scores of group A and group B in Berg Balance Scale was 32 and 28.3and SF – 36 Survey questionnaire was 61.4 and 56.6 respectively. The result showed a significant improvement inGroup A than in Group B at p < 0.0001.Conclusion: Therefore, the study concludes that the Proprioception exercise training is better managementto improve balance and quality of life in subjects with diabetic neuropathy.
Masas sobre el septo interauricular: ¿son siempre lo que parecen?
Authors: Garrido Uriarte María , Zaldúa Irastorza Olatz , Vaquero Luna Jessica , Echeveste Aizpurua Jon , Vicente Pablos Mikel
Published: April 2023

Se presentan dos casos de masas adheridas al septo interauricular en las que la sospecha diagnóstica inicial fue la de mixoma auricular. Sin embargo, a pesar de características iniciales que nos pueden llevar a confusión, la imagen multimodalidad permite realizar el diagnóstico diferencial y llegar al diagnóstico correcto de forma no invasiva.
THE INFLUENCE OF WORK CONFLICT, PERSONAL VALUES TOWARD INTENTION TO WORK: MODERATED BY SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH
Authors: Setiowati Maria Henny , Tambunan Damelina Basauli
Published: April 2023

The background of this study is that many family businesses have difficulty surviving from generation to generation due to the difficult decisions taken to maintain business continuity which failed in the succession process. Therefore, the aim of this research is to test the influence of work conflicts, personal values toward intention to work in family business moderated by socioemotional wealth. The sample used totaled 40 samples which choose by using purposive sampling method with some criteria. Data analyzed by using partial least square (PLS) and the results of this study conclude that work conflict in family business (X1) has a significant but negative effect to intention to work in family business (Y); personal values (X2) has a positive and significant effect to intention to work in family business (Y); and socio-emotional wealth (M) affects and strengthening the relationship between X1 and X2 toward Y
Spiritual and Moral Dimensions of the Old Russian Literature of the 11–12 Centuries (Philosophical and Cultural Essay Experience)
Authors:   A.N. Kosygin Moscow State Textile University, Institute of Slavic Culture, Mutovkina Evgenia V.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the study is to consider Old Russian literature of the XI–XII centuries within the context of Russian culture, which is of lasting significance. The main tasks are to comprehend high spirituality, patriotic love, and Christian universalism, as well as to identify the spiritual and moral dimensions of Old Russian literature. Mental constructions are embodied in the diversity of cultural creations, and their objective, comprehensive analysis requires involvement of not only verbal, but also non-verbal monuments. The attraction to a lively vivid word, a special interest in moral, historical subjects may be considered as certain advantages, because they raised the philosophical significance of culture as a whole and were addressed to the most topical issues of historical life. Following the development of Russian philosophical thought of the 11–12 centuries, we can trace the process of its gradual formation and the development of sustainable traditions. In the Old Russian milieu, certain notions about the development of world and domestic thought are being formed, and what can be called historical and philosophical knowledge is arising. A lot of research by historians, philosophers, and art historians addressed the relations of old Russian culture with Russian culture of 17–20 centuries. One of the vital tasks of modern Russian philosophical thought is the recognition of its unity with the more than a thousand-year-old tree of Russian culture, the development of those enduring values that were created by our people over many centuries of their constant creative work.
67 Canto from Alfred Tennyson`s ‘In Memoriam’ and its Role in the Development of Vladimir Nabokov`s Translation Strategy
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Strygin Artem Yu.
Published: April 2023

This paper examines 67 canto from Alfred Tennyson’s “In Memoriam” translated to Russian by Vladimir Nabokov, as well as the reception of Tennyson’s poetry in Nabokov’s works. The key conceptual features of the translation are analyzed with consideration of the evolution of Nabokov’s opinions on translation and literary theory in general. The paper addresses mentions of Tennyson in Nabokov’s prose and other publications in order to broaden the understanding of Nabokov’s perspective. Nabokov’s translation is compared to the original English text and to the translations by D.L. Mikhalovskii and N.M. Minskii. The study describes transformations and the differences between the strategies used by the translators. Nabokov’s commentary on his translation of “Eugene Onegin” is taken into consideration when iambic structure of the English text is examined. The author has concluded that Nabokov’s approach to the translation of Tennyson’s poem is different from his work on translations of prose from the same period and is defined by translator’s effort to reproduce both the imagery and the structure close to the original. This translation illustrates the early stage of Nabokov’s path from translation as “adaptation”, when the original is transformed in one way or another, to the literalism of “Eugene Onegin”.
Museum as a Socio-cultural Institute for the Development of Man and Society
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research, Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostovskaya Tamara K. , Egorychev Alexander М. ,   Institute for Demographic Research, Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gulyaev Svyatoslav B. ,   Institute for Demographic Research, Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The paper deals with issues related to the phenomenon of the museum as a socio-cultural institution for the development of man and society. We are talking about the analysis of the nature of collecting, the meanings and values that a person finds when it is necessary to determine the purpose of the existence of himself and his being world, as well as issues affecting the evolution of the birth, formation and development of the museum phenomenon in the human community, its role in the shaping of a reasonable, cultural and spiritual person. The most diverse samples of culture (paintings, sculptures, household items, etc.), created by creative artists, representatives of different national communities, carry a huge educational potential, stimulating the development of the mind, feelings and spiritual qualities of a person, introduce him to the world of beauty. In the aggregate with other social institutions of society (education, family, leisure, etc.), the world of museums constitutes the socio-cultural space of the human being's world, the existence of the whole society, which implements the function of not only preserving the ethical foundations of society, but also its development. The entire multi-thousand-year history of mankind carries in its historical memory the desire to understand the beauty of the surrounding world, to create and preserve such works of culture that may compete with nature itself in their beauty. This desire quite naturally gave rise to the cult of collecting beautiful samples of culture, preserving them and, ultimately, putting them on public display. This is how the birth, formation and development of the museum as a socio-cultural institute of world civilization took place. It is the museum as a social institution that carries a huge historical memory of the creator, intelligent, cultural and spiritual man.
The Main Street of Tver in the 17th — Mid 18th Centuries
Authors:   National Research Moscow State Construction, Salimov Alexey M. , Salimov Anton A. ,   LLC “Nauchno-Restavratsionnoe Ob"edinenie”
Published: April 2023

The main street of Tver originates in the far Middle Ages, but a relatively clear idea of this “highway” may be traced only starting from the 17th century, when the development and urban planning structure of the Russian city, in accordance with peculiar views of reality, were reflected in the works of icon painters, as well as foreign travelers. The era of Peter I strengthened the documental use when depicting the layout of a late medieval city, yet the fixation of urban planning structure was largely spared from instrumental survey, since domestic cartographers of the first quarter of the 18th century, as a rule, preferred to focus on the iconographic tradition. Residential, religious and other urban objects are represented in these materials in quite a schematic and sometimes generalized way. The situation changed by the middle of the 18th century, but this period (the second quarter — the middle of the 18th century) in the cartographic heritage of Tver still remains a blank spot. For this reason, it is currently quite difficult to outline the route of the city’s main highway in the pre-Catherine era, since in the mid-1760s the direction and configuration of the main street of Tver were changed by the initiative of Catherine II. Nevertheless, this study attempts to reconstruct the location of the pre-Catherine “highway”, as well as to present the nature of almost completely lost urban development associated with this street in the late Middle Ages and in the first half of the 18th century.
Semantics of the Ornament of Wedding Woven Towels of the 9–18 Centuries and their Role in Wedding Rights
Authors:   A.N. Kosygin Russian State University (Technology. Design. Art), Solomatova Valentina Y. , Morozova Ekaterina V. ,   A.N. Kosygin Russian State University (Technology. Design. Art)
Published: April 2023

The wedding ceremony is one of the integral stages of a person's life, richly saturated with traditions. A wedding is on a par with such events in a person's life as birth and death. For many centuries, the peculiarities of its conduct, rituals that should be observed, have been formed. Textiles occupied an important place in the wedding tradition. It was not only part of the bride's dowry, but also accompanied the entire procession, being an integral part of it. At the same time, the wedding textiles had to be decorated with a certain ornament bearing a sacred meaning, since pagan beliefs played an important role in the wedding process. With the adoption of Christianity, wedding customs have changed, but the importance of textiles in wedding activities has remained the same. Embroidery and weaving were an ordinary women's needlework and a kind of entertainment, in which the principle of “copying” was preserved, that is, sewing according to the pattern, the canon. When creating a dowry and, in particular, towels, young girls copied the drawing and ornament of an earlier period. That said, Slavic pagan symbols were able to find their place in Orthodoxy and were copied from generation to generation. The original semantic load that the Slavs put into reproducible patterns was eventually forgotten. But the repetition of ancient ornaments continued on wedding textiles, namely on towels. Thus, it was believed that these symbols protect a young family from the evil eye and help to find happiness. An important place in the design of wedding textiles is occupied by such symbols as “orepey” (or “burdock”), “World Tree” (or “Tree of Life”) and “Great Goddess” (or “Great Mother”, “Makosh”), depicted as a female silhouette.
Category of “Sacred” in the Cultural Discourse
Authors:   Dmitri Hvorostovsky Siberian State Academy of Arts, Mitasova Svetlana A.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the specificity and scope of the “sacred” category in cultural studies, in contrast to other areas of humanitarian knowledge. The etymology of the word “sacred” is given, which shows the binarity of the category: holy and damned, utmost attractive and forbidden. In theology, the category of the sacred is understood exclusively as an attribute of the divine; in religious studies it was revealed that this category can exist outside of religion. Sociologists of religion asserted that the sacred and the profane are irreconcilable in society, therefore the sacred is taboo. In psychology, the sacred is interpreted as the archetype of the soul, ignoring which is dangerous for the human psyche. From the point of view of cultural studies, applying an interdisciplinary approach, the author interprets the sacred as a cultural form (reified symbol). The following characteristics of sacred symbols are revealed: esotericity and democracy (simultaneous hermeticity, mystery and openness for exploration), tradition and axiologisity (preservation of the true meaning and change in value over time), nationality of symbols as a synthesis of the ethos of a people for its self-preservation. The non-utilitarian expediency of symbols helps to preserve the cultural codes contained in the religious and mythological heritage. The author proposes to consider the sacred as a process of formation and development of a cultural form, which changes its meanings over time, being subject to different value interpretations. Cultural discourse presupposes the study of the sacred symbol in all possible completeness of the accumulated meanings of the latter in order to increase its cultural and creative potential for future generations.
Vavizola hela – new species and genus of Afrotropic Lasiocampini (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae)
Authors: Prozorov Alexey M. , Prozorova Tatiana A. , Nedoshivina Svetlana V. , Yakovlev Roman V. , Volkova Yulia S. , Saldaitis Aidas , Revay Edita E. , Müller Günter C.
Published: April 2023

A new genus Vavizola gen. n. and a new species Vavizola hela sp. n. are described from southern Kenya and northern Tanzania. They belong to the former so-called “Pachypasa sensu lato” group. Morphology of the new genus is compared with 5 other genera from the group and the full-length sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) are compared with 9 genera from the group, both confirm the description.
Examination of the Budapest Party District from the perspective of private and public security
Authors: Lippai Zsolt , Regényi Kund , Csatári Károly , Nagy Tamás
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of the study is a presentation of the private and public safety problems of the challenging everyday life of a popular and well-known entertainment district – Budapest VII. District Inner Erzsébetváros, known colloquially as the "party district".Methodology: The authors of this study – law enforcement professionals – focus on the history of the Gozsdu yard, the organizational peculiarities of the preparation of music and dance events accompanied by disaster pervention. They are highlighting via domestic and international examples the role of law enforcement agencies, private security providers, auxiliary police and the municipal police, and examining the added value of supervision activities to create security.Findings: Nowadays, with the outmoded paradigm of policing as a state monopoly, one can witness the necessary pluralization of policing, private security and civil policing coming to the fore, which is tantamount to breaking the monopoly of the state policing. The private security sector of our country began to develop after the regime change and has now become an indispensable player in the maintenance of public order and public safety. One of the most striking examples, in which all of this can be seen in action, is the implementation of intertwining private and public security activities related to the provision of music and dance events.Value: Law enforcement scientists must strive to examine the emerging problems on as many levels and perspectives as possible, with sufficient scientific thoroughness. The methodological approach must be based on an inquisitive attitude that seeks to understand the social phenomena that frame the reality of policing at both an institutional and individual level. Their study helps with this.
Impressions on the Role of Environmental Criminal Law in Present Day Society
Authors: Molnár Tamás
Published: April 2023

Aim: One of the defining features of modern society is the legitimate fear of the impacts of environmental damage. The consumerism and the resulting overproduction are the root causes of environmental challenges that threaten our very existence. This study aims to investigate the role of criminal law in environmental protection.Methodology: Empirical analyses were conducted on the contents of finalized criminal cases in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county and Csongrád-Csanád county from the years 2009 to 2018.Findings: The findings reveal that the primary role of environmental criminal law is to safeguard regulations related to environmental use. Analysis of Hungarian criminal cases involving environmental harm and damage to nature show that the majority of cases were not related to production or manufacturing practices.Value: This study presents a theoretical model that categorizes actions causing environmental harm into four groups, irrespective of their legality. Drawing on empirical evidence from criminal and administrative procedures, the study suggests potential directions for future regulatory actions.
On the Short-scale Spatial Variability of Electron Inflows in Electron-only Magnetic Reconnection in the Turbulent Magnetosheath Observed by MMS
Authors: Pyakurel P. S. , Phan T. D. , Drake J. F. , Shay M. A. , Øieroset M. , Haggerty C. C. , Stawarz J. , Burch J. L. , Ergun R. E. , Gershman D. J. , Giles B. L. , Torbert R. B. , Strangeway R. J. , Russell C. T.
Published: April 2023

We investigate the detailed properties of electron inflow in an electron-only reconnection event observed by the four Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft in the Earth's turbulent magnetosheath downstream of the quasi-parallel bow shock. The lack of ion coupling was attributed to the small-scale sizes of the current sheets, and the observed bidirectional super-Alfvénic electron jets indicate that the MMS spacecraft crossed the reconnecting current sheet on both sides of an active X-line. Remarkably, the MMS spacecraft observed the presence of large asymmetries in the two electron inflows, with the inflows (normal to the current sheet) on the two sides of the reconnecting current layer differing by as much as a factor of four. Furthermore, even though the four MMS spacecraft were separated by less than seven electron skin depths, the degree of inflow asymmetry was significantly different at the different spacecraft. The asymmetry in the inflow speeds was larger with increasing distances downstream from the reconnection site, and the asymmetry was opposite on the two sides of the X-line. We compare the MMS observations with a 2D kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation and find that the asymmetry in the inflow speeds stems from in-plane currents generated via the combination of reconnection-mediated inflows and parallel flows along the magnetic separatrices in the presence of a large guide field.
Particle Injection and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection*
Authors: French Omar , Guo Fan , Zhang Qile , Uzdensky Dmitri A.
Published: April 2023

Magnetic reconnection in the relativistic regime has been proposed as an important process for the efficient production of nonthermal particles and high-energy emission. Using fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate how the guide-field strength and domain size affect the characteristic spectral features and acceleration processes. We study two stages of acceleration: energization up until the injection energy γ
inj and further acceleration that generates a power-law spectrum. Stronger guide fields increase the power-law index and γ
inj, which suppresses acceleration efficiency. These quantities seemingly converge with increasing domain size, suggesting that our findings can be extended to large-scale systems. We find that three distinct mechanisms contribute to acceleration during injection: particle streaming along the parallel electric field, Fermi reflection, and the pickup process. The Fermi and pickup processes, related to the electric field perpendicular to the magnetic field, govern the injection for weak guide fields and larger domains. Meanwhile, parallel electric fields are important for injection in the strong guide-field regime. In the post-injection stage, we find that perpendicular electric fields dominate particle acceleration in the weak guide-field regime, whereas parallel electric fields control acceleration for strong guide fields. These findings will help explain the nonthermal acceleration and emission in high-energy astrophysics, including black hole jets and pulsar wind nebulae.
A Study of the Overall Evolution Behaviors of Pulses and Flares within Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Zhu Dan , Peng Zhao-Yang , Chen Jia-Ming , Li Ting
Published: April 2023

Many studies have shown that the X-ray flares in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have similar properties to the prompt emission pulses that occur in GRBs, suggesting that they may come from the same origin. We attempt to extend the evolution behavior that exists among GRBs to within individual GRBs. By selecting 12 GRBs with both multipulses and multiflares, we systematically study the overall evolution behaviors of the pulses and flares that occur within GRBs, including the width (w), peak time (t
peak), rise time (t
rise), decay time (t
decay), and spectral lag. We find that correlated relationships exist within the GRBs, even if the overall evolution slopes of the pulses and flares in different GRBs are different. We also study the relations between the full pulse width (ω), the ratio of the rising width to the decay width (r/d), and the energy (E) of multipulses and multiflares within GRBs. It is found that there is a power-law anticorrelation between ω and E and a power-law correlation between r/d and E, with the mean values of the two power-law indexes being −0.42 and 0.07, respectively, which are very close to the values that are obtained for the prompt emission pulses. In addition, we find that the percentages of the positive lags for pulses and flares are 83% and 92%, respectively, with the lags of the flares being much larger than those of the pulses. Our results indicate that the overall evolution behaviors of the pulses and flares within individual GRBs are similar to the evolution behavior among GRBs, and that flares are low-energy extensions of pulses, providing further evidence that both come from the same origin.
Evolution of the Outflow in the Water Fountain Source IRAS 18043–2116*
Authors: Uscanga L. , Imai H. , Gómez J. F. , Tafoya D. , Orosz G. , McCarthy T. P. , Hamae Y. , Amada K.
Published: April 2023

We present the spectral and spatial evolution of H2O masers associated with the water fountain source IRAS 18043−2116, found in observations with the Nobeyama 45 m Telescope and the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We have found new highest-velocity components of the H2O masers (at the redshifted side V
LSR ≃ 376 km s−1 and at the blueshifted side V
LSR ≃ −165 km s−1), and the resulting velocity spread of ≃540 km s−1 breaks the speed record of fast jets/outflows in this type of sources. The locations of those components have offsets from the axis joining the two major maser clusters, indicating a large opening angle of the outflow (∼60°). The evolution of the maser cluster separation of ∼2.9 mas yr−1 and the compact (∼0.″2) CO emission source mapped with the Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array suggest a very short (∼30 yr) timescale of the outflow. We also confirmed an increase in the flux density of the 22 GHz continuum source. The properties of the jet and the continuum sources and their possible evolution in the transition to the planetary nebula phase are further discussed.
The Morphology and Dynamics of Relativistic Jets with Relativistic Equation of State
Authors: Joshi Raj Kishor , Chattopadhyay Indranil
Published: April 2023

We study the effect of plasma composition on the dynamics and morphology of relativistic astrophysical jets. Our work is based on a relativistic total variation diminishing simulation code. We use a relativistic equation of state in the simulation code that accounts for the thermodynamics of a multispecies plasma, which is a mixture of electrons, positrons, and protons. To study the effect of plasma composition, we consider various jet models. These models are characterized by the same injection parameters, same jet kinetic luminosity, and the same Mach numbers. The evolution of these models shows that the plasma composition affects the propagation speed of the jet head, the structure of the jet head, and the morphology, despite fixing the initial parameters. We conclude that electron-positron jets are the slowest and show more pronounced turbulent structures in comparison to other plasma compositions. The area and locations of the hot-spots also depend on the composition of the jet plasma. Our results also show that boosting mechanisms are an important aspect of multi-dimensional simulations, which are also influenced by the change in composition.
Dynamics and Origins of the Near-resonant Kepler Planets
Authors: Goldberg Max , Batygin Konstantin
Published: April 2023

Short-period super-Earths and mini-Neptunes encircle more than ∼50% of Sun-like stars and are relatively amenable to direct observational characterization. Despite this, environments in which these planets accrete are difficult to probe directly. Nevertheless, pairs of planets that are close to orbital resonances provide a unique window into the inner regions of protoplanetary disks, as they preserve the conditions of their formation, as well as the early evolution of their orbital architectures. In this work, we present a novel approach toward quantifying transit timing variations within multiplanetary systems and examine the near-resonant dynamics of over 100 planet pairs detected by Kepler. Using an integrable model for first-order resonances, we find a clear transition from libration to circulation of the resonant angle at a period ratio of ≈0.6% wide of exact resonance. The orbital properties of these systems indicate that they systematically lie far away from the resonant forced equilibrium. Cumulatively, our modeling indicates that while orbital architectures shaped by strong disk damping or tidal dissipation are inconsistent with observations, a scenario where stochastic stirring by turbulent eddies augments the dissipative effects of protoplanetary disks reproduces several features of the data.
A Luminous Dust-obscured Tidal Disruption Event Candidate in a Star-forming Galaxy at 42 Mpc
Authors: Panagiotou Christos , De Kishalay , Masterson Megan , Kara Erin , Calzadilla Michael , Eilers Anna-Christina , Frostig Danielle , Karambelkar Viraj , Kasliwal Mansi , Lourie Nathan , Meisner Aaron M. , Simcoe Robert A. , Stein Robert , Zolkower Jeffry
Published: April 2023

While the vast majority of tidal disruption events (TDEs) have been identified by wide-field sky surveys in the optical and X-ray bands, recent studies indicate that a considerable fraction of TDEs may be dust obscured and thus preferentially detected in the infrared (IR) wave bands. In this Letter, we present the discovery of a luminous mid-IR nuclear flare (termed WTP14adbjsh), identified in a systematic transient search of archival images from the NEOWISE mid-IR survey. The source reached a peak luminosity of L ≃ 1043 erg s−1 at 4.6 μm in 2015 before fading in the IR with a TDE-like F ∝ t
−5/3 decline, radiating a total of more than 3 × 1051 erg in the last 7 yr. The transient event took place in the nearby galaxy NGC 7392, at a distance of around 42 Mpc; yet, no optical or X-ray flare is detected. We interpret the transient as the nearest TDE candidate detected in the last decade, which was missed at other wavelengths due to dust obscuration, hinting at the existence of TDEs that have been historically overlooked. Unlike most previously detected TDEs, the transient was discovered in a star-forming galaxy, corroborating earlier suggestions that dust obscuration suppresses significantly the detection of TDEs in these environments. Our results demonstrate that the study of IR-detected TDEs is critical in order to obtain a complete understanding of the physics of TDEs and to conclude whether TDEs occur preferentially in a particular class of galaxies.
No Need for an Extreme Jet Energy in the Black Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1348–630
Authors: Zdziarski Andrzej A. , Sikora Marek , Szanecki Michał , Böttcher Markus
Published: April 2023

We model interaction with the surrounding medium of the main discrete jet ejection in the accreting black hole binary MAXI J1348–630. The kinetic energy in the ejection of that jet was estimated before to be >1046 erg. That energy requires that the jet power was about 2 orders of magnitude above the limit corresponding to a magnetically arrested accretion onto a maximally rotating black hole. That large estimate was obtained by considering the initial ballistic jet propagation in a surrounding cavity followed by a sudden deceleration in interstellar medium under the assumption of its standard density of ∼1 cm−3. Such densities are likely in the surrounding of this source given its location in the Galactic plane. Here, we show that the estimate of the kinetic energy can be reduced to realistic values of ∼1044 erg by considering the presence of a transition layer with an exponential density growth separating the cavity and the interstellar medium. In that case, the jet is found to decelerate mostly in the transition layer, in regions with densities ≪1 cm−3, which strongly reduces the energy requirement. Still, the required jet masses are large, ruling out the presence of a significant number of electron–positron pairs.