bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Change Detection Based on Persistent Scatterer Interferometry: A Case Study of Monitoring Building Changes
Authors: Yang C. H. , Kenduiywo B. K. , Soergel U.
Published: September 2018

Persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) detects and analyses PS points from multitemporal SAR images for scene deformation monitoring. We propose a novel technique to identify disappearing and emerging PS points, which are regarded as building changes in cities. A spatiotemporal analysis
is implemented as both spatial position and occurrence time are obtained for each change point. We first estimate each pixel's temporal coherences in different image subsets. Computed from temporal coherences, a change index sequence is introduced to quantify each pixel's probabilities of
being change points at different times. All pixels' change indices are then utilized to extract change points by a global, automatic, and statistical-based scheme. We then eliminate blunders by a spatial filtering. Finally, the occurrence times of the change points are detected based on the
temporal variation in their change index sequences. We implement a simulated data test to validate and assess our method. Using TerraSAR-X images, our real data test successfully recognizes steady, disappearing, and emerging buildings in Berlin, Germany within 2013.
Use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with inherited metabolic disease
Authors: Erdol Sahin , Saglam Halil
Published: September 2018

Background

There are no studies on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies in subjects with inherited metabolic disease (IMD) in the current literature. This study aimed to determine the type, frequency of and reasons for the use, and factors associated with the use of CAM therapies.

Methods

Subjects included in this study consisted of 335 children (95.7%) and 15 (4.3%) adults with a median age of 5.66±6.16 (0.08–48) years with inherited metabolic disease. A single physician conducted face-to-face interviews with the mother and/or father for pediatric subjects and with the subjects themselves for adults of a normal intelligence. Data were obtained from responses to the questions in the standard survey form.

Results

Our study included 350 patients in total, of whom 164 (46.9%) were female and 186 (53.1%) male. We found that 144 of the patients (41.1%) had used at least one CAM therapy method. The highest rate of use among the CAM therapy methods was of the mind-body approach therapies (n=98, 28%). This was followed by biologically-based (n=75, 21.4%) and manipulative and body-based (n=5, 1.4%) therapies, respectively. The most commonly used herbal product was herbal tea (n=21, 6%), and the most commonly used dietary supplementation was a royal jelly and pollen mixture (n=9, 2.6%). Significant differences in the subjects’ age, their follow-up duration, their mother’s and father’s ages, and CAM therapy use were identified from sociodemographic data.

Conclusions

In our study, the use of CAM therapies was determined at a high rate. This is important when dealing with clinical problems and for clinicians who follow-up with IMD subjects and suspect they may be using CAM therapy.
Analysis of the Composition of Milk in the first Three Lactations in Ayrshire Cattle Across Four Decades
Authors: McEwan Neil R. , Knight Roxanne B.
Published: September 2018

Using historic lactation records for Ayrshire cattle, we report a gradual increase in the production of milk, butter fat and protein levels across four decades. This was generally at the extent of attaining a level of increase per decade which was similar to the increase seen between animals during their first and second lactations in the previous decade. However these increases were achieved without significantly affecting the percentage of butter fat or protein throughout the time examined, and also without changing the heifer: second lactation ratios
Evaluation of radiation absorption capacity of some soil samples
Authors: Sayyed Mohammed I. , Akman Ferdi , Turan Veysel , Araz Aslı
Published: September 2018

The aim of the present work is to investigate the radiation absorption capacity of different soil samples in Turkey. For this purpose, we used a γ ray transmission geometry to measure the mass attenuation coefficients of eight soil samples collected between Bingöl city and Solhan district, Turkey at different γ-ray energies in the range of 13.94–88.04 keV. The radioactive sources utilized in the experiment were 241Am, 109Cd and 133Ba. FFAST and WinXCOM programs were used to evaluate the theoretical mass attenuation coefficients values of the selected soil samples. There is a good agreement between experimental and theoretical results. Additionally, the mass attenuation coefficients values used to evaluate different radiation shielding parameters such as effective atomic number, half value layer and mean free path. The variation of shielding parameters was examined for soil composition and photon energy. The obtained results revealed that S6 soil sample is the best soil in terms of shielding effectiveness among all the collected soils due to lower values for half value layer and mean free path. The effective removal cross-section (Σ
R
) of fast neutrons for the collected soils was also computed to examine neutrons shielding properties of the soil samples. It is found that the Σ
R
values for the soil samples are almost constant and lie within the range (0.04286–0.04949 cm−1).
Pronominal resumption in Spanish direct object relative clauses
Authors: Cerrón-Palomino Álvaro
Published: September 2018

This variationist study analyzes the linguistic and social factors constraining the alternation of resumptive pronouns (RPs) and gaps in direct object (DO) relative clauses (RCs) in the PeruvianLimeñovariety. Using a number of mixed-effects (logistic regression) models in Rbrul, results reveal that the set of linguistic constraints favoring pronominal DO resumption does not coincide with those reported to promote subject and oblique RP presence in previous studies. Furthermore, when compared to their subject and oblique counterparts, DO RPs are constrained by a higher number of factors of syntactic, semantic, processing and pragmatic nature. I suggest that this sensitivity to a broader set of constraints is crucial in explaining why DO RPs are more frequent in RCs than subject and oblique RPs. With respect to the social factors analyzed, this study shows a lack of effect of gender, age and education on the speaker’s choice for the resumptive variant.
The politeness ofvocêin European Portuguese
Authors: Lara Víctor , Guilherme Ana
Published: September 2018

The employment ofvocêin current European Portuguese is not clear. Although Brazilian Portuguese has specialised it as an informal pronoun in certain geographical areas within the country, the European variety presents its use in contexts which seem to be contradictory: informal address, formal address and pejorative address. Due to the lack of an in-depth study on the evolution of this form, we have collected data from three different corpora that reflect the real usage ofvocêthroughout the twentieth century, since it is from the nineteenth century thatvocêstarted specialising as an informal pronoun. The results show a decreasing use of this pronoun and a certain degree of polyvalence due to a gradual marginalisation experienced for over one hundred years. As a consequence, the strategy of null subject plus 3sg has emerged as the unmarked politeness strategy in current European Portuguese.
Syllable weight in monolingual and heritage Spanish
Authors: Shelton Michael , Grant Hannah
Published: September 2018

This study presents two experiments employing a naming task that test the modulation of stress assignment by syllable structure in Spanish. The first replicates the findings of a previous study in which words containing arguably heavy penultimate diphthongs provoke higher error rates than putatively light monophthong controls when marked for antepenultimate stress. This result is interpreted as support for quantity sensitivity in the language. This experiment also replicates a subtler finding of differential patterning between rising and falling diphthong in their interaction with Spanish stress, suggesting gradient sensitivity to patterns in the lexicon. The second experiment presents the results of an identical task with Spanish-English heritage speakers in which the general effect of syllable weight is replicated, while the effect of diphthong type does not emerge. An analysis of error types suggests that varying levels of reading proficiency among heritage speakers may have led to the lack of the latter result, while still revealing sensitivity to frequencies in the lexicon. The combined results are offered as further evidence of quantity sensitivity among both monolingual and bilingual speakers of Spanish and provide further data in the understudied subfield of heritage phonotactics.
Is It Personal? Context Moderates BPD Effects on Spontaneous Rumination and Distress
Authors: Napolitano Skye , Yaroslavsky Ilya , France Christopher M.
Published: September 2018

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with the use of maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) that predicts unstable interpersonal relationships and emotion dysregulation. Rumination, a maladaptive cognitive ER response, may be one mechanism by which those with BPD experience emotion dysregulation. However, it remains unclear whether emotion dysregulation is linked to rumination in general, or to rumination during interpersonal situations that often prove challenging for those with BPD. The present study examined whether interpersonal exclusion conferred an increased risk to spontaneously ruminate among those with elevated BPD features relative to an impersonal negative mood induction, and whether spontaneous rumination mediated the effects of BPD features on distress reactivity. Overall, BPD features predicted stronger tendencies to spontaneously ruminate and higher levels of distress following interpersonal exclusion; spontaneous rumination following interpersonal exclusion mediated the effects of BPD features on distress. These findings highlight the importance of context when examining ER outcomes.
Cognitive Reappraisal of Negative Emotional Images in Borderline Personality Disorder: Content Analysis, Perceived Effectiveness, and Diagnostic Specificity
Authors: Daros Alexander R. , Rodrigo Achala H. , Norouzian Nikoo , Darboh Bri S. , McRae Kateri , Ruocco Anthony C.
Published: September 2018

Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) report using cognitive reappraisal less often than healthy individuals despite the long-term benefits of the emotion regulation strategy on emotional stability. Individuals with BPD, mixed anxiety and/or depressive disorders (MAD), and healthy controls (HC) completed an experimental task to investigate the tactics contained in cognitive reappraisal statements vocalized for high and low emotional intensity photographs. Self-reported effectiveness after using cognitive reappraisal to decrease negative emotions was also evaluated. Although BPD and MAD used a similar number of cognitive reappraisal tactics, they perceived themselves as less effective at reducing their negative emotions compared to HC. During cognitive reappraisal, BPD and MAD uttered fewer words versus HC, while BPD uttered fewer words versus MAD. Results suggest that individuals with BPD and MAD are less fluent and perceive themselves as less effective than HC when using cognitive reappraisal to lower negative emotions regardless of stimulus intensity.
Predictors of Dropout From a 20-Week Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Group for Suicidal Behaviors and Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Stratton Natalie , Mendoza Alvarez Mariana , Labrish Cathy , Barnhart Ryan , McMain Shelley
Published: September 2018

Treatment dropout among individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with negative psychosocial outcomes. Identifying predictors of dropout among this population is critical to understanding how to improve treatment retention. The present study extends the current literature by examining both static and dynamic predictors of dropout. Chronically suicidal outpatients diagnosed with BPD (N = 42) were randomly assigned to a 20-week dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills training group. Static and dynamic predictors were assessed at baseline, 5, 10, 15, 20 weeks, and 3 months post-intervention. A post-hoc two-stage logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict dropout propensity. Receiving disability benefits at baseline and decreases in mindfulness were associated with significantly increased probability of dropout. Clinicians working with chronically self-harming outpatients diagnosed with BPD would benefit from prioritizing clinical interventions that enhance mindfulness in order to decrease dropout propensity.
Patient-Reported ICD-11 Personality Disorder Severity and DSM-5 Level of Personality Functioning
Authors: Bach Bo , Anderson Jaime L.
Published: September 2018

This study evaluated the Standardized Assessment of Severity of Personality Disorder (SASPD) proposed for ICD-11 and the Level of Personality Functioning Scale–Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF) developed for DSM-5 Section III and their relationships with external correlates. We used a clinical sample (N = 150; 33% women) of 65 psychiatric outpatients and 85 incarcerated addicts, who self-reported the SASPD and the LPFS-BF. We conducted correlation and regression analyses in order to determine the relative associations of these two measures with relevant external criteria. SASPD predominantly captured externalizing and other-related problems (e.g., potential harm to others), whereas LPFS-BF predominantly captured internalizing and self-related problems (e.g., identity and distress). Generally, LPFS-BF explained more variance of the external criteria relative to SASPD. The findings seem to reflect that the ICD-11 oriented SASPD emphasizes interpersonal and aggressive features, whereas the DSM-5–oriented LPFS-BF emphasizes self-pathology and distress. More conclusive findings warrant interview-rated personality functioning.
The role of medical registries, potential applications and limitations
Authors: Pop Bogdan , Fetica Bogdan , Blaga Mihaiela Luminita , Trifa Adrian Pavel , Achimas-Cadariu Patriciu , Vlad Catalin Ioan , Achimas-Cadariu Andrei
Published: September 2018

Medical registries provide highly reliable data, challenged hierarchically only by randomized controlled trials. Although registries have been used in several fields of medicine for more than a century and a half, their key role is frequently overlooked and poorly recognized. Medical registries have evolved from calculating basic epidemiological data (incidence, prevalence, mortality) to diverse applications in disease prevention, early diagnosis and screening programs, treatment response, health care planning, decision making and disease control programs. Implementing, maintaining and running a medical registry requires substantial effort. Developing the registry represents a complex task and is one of the major barriers in widespread use of registries. Medical registries have potential to evolve to a next generation by taking benefit from recent semantic web technology developments. This paper is aimed at providing a summary of the basic information available on medical registries and to highlight the progress and potential applications in this field.
Politinė retorika socialinėje sąveikoje: I. Šimonytės „Facebooko“ paskyros analizė
Authors: Vaičekauskienė Giedrė
Published: September 2018

[straipsnis, santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje analizuojama politinės retorikos reikšmė socialinėje sąveikoje su visuomene internete svarstant viešuosius reikalus. Naujoji politinės komunikacijos platforma ,,Facebook“ šiandien vertinama kaip žiniasklaidos priemonė, kurioje piliečiai gausiai informuojami apie politiką ir visuomenę. Transformacijų laikotarpiu politinis lyderis tampa svarbiausiu tiesioginiu pranešėju savo elektoratui. Jo kalba yra tarsi jo ,,prekė“, kurią jis pats pagamina ir parduoda ,,virtualiosios visuomenės rinkoje“. Politiko kalba yra jo tapatybė. Kadangi socialinių tinklų žiniasklaidoje nėra redakcijos, už transliuojamą asmeninę retoriką yra atsakingas pats politikas, pasakojantis ir kuriantis pasitikėjimą politika. Straipsnyje pristatomas kokybinis tyrimas. Analizuojama 2016–2020 m. kadencijos Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo narės, buvusios finansų ministrės Ingridos Šimonytės retorika, konstruojant savęs pristatymą socialinio tinklo ,,draugams“ asmeninėje ,,Facebooko“ paskyroje. Tiriamu laikotarpiu nustatyta, kad I. Šimonytės retorika, svarstant viešuosius reikalus, apima šias temas: a) valdančiosios daugumos personalijų kritika; b) kolegų Seimo narių kritika; c) mokesčių, valstybės iždo klausimai; d) Vilniaus miesto problemos. Seimo narės problemų įrėminimas pateikia gausų retorinių argumentų arsenalą – nuo autentiškų sentencijų iki šiurkščios nenorminės leksikos. I. Šimonytės kaip kalbėtojos verbalinis ethos yra ironiškas, privataus pobūdžio informacija, kuria dalijamasi, taip pat persmelkta autoironijos.
State Financing of Political Parties as a Chance for Healing the Party System: Polish Experience and Ukrainian Realities
Authors: Balashova Oksana , Sydoruk Tetiana
Published: September 2018

[full article, abstract in English]

The process of state financing of the political parties in Poland and Ukraine has been analyzed in this article. The authors have studied and compared the theoretical foundations of the Polish and Ukrainian legislation in the sphere of state financing of the functioning of the political parties. By comparing the experience of state financing of political parties in Poland and Ukraine, the authors have distinguished a number of direct and indirect positive consequences in the party system of Poland. It has been determined that in Ukraine, in turn, considering the lack of legal and public sources for financing political parties, political and economic spheres are closely interdependent, which significantly impedes the qualitative consolidation of the party system in general. The authors have concluded that the positive effect of state financing of political parties is primarily reflected in an increase in the level of openness in how the political parties function, the transparency of the parties’ financial activities, the independence of the party system and the political transparency of civil society.
Dosimetry and optimization in digital radiography based on the contrast-detail resolution
Authors: Gomes Batista Wilson Otto , De Carvalho Alexandre Gomes
Published: September 2018

Contrast-detail (C-D) curves are useful in evaluating the radiographic image quality in a global way. The objective of the present study was to obtain the C-D curves and the inverse image quality figure. Both of these parameters were used as an evaluation tool for abdominal and chest imaging protocols. The C-D curves were obtained with the phantom CDRAD 2.0 in computerized radiography and the direct radiography systems (including portable devices). The protocols were 90 and 102 kV in the range of 2 to 20 mAs for the chest and 80 kV in the range of 10 to 80 mAs for the abdomen. The incident air kerma values were evaluated with a solid state sensor. The analysis of these C-D curves help to identify which technique would allow a lower value of the entrance surface air kerma, Ke, while maintaining the image quality from the point of view of C-D detectability. The results showed that the inverse image quality figure, IQFinv, varied little throughout the range of mAs, while the value of Ke varied linearly directly with the mAs values. Also, the complete analysis of the curves indicated that there was an increase in the definition of the details with increasing mAs. It can be concluded that, in the transition phase for the use of the new receptors, it is necessary to evaluate and adjust the practised protocols to ensure, at a minimum, the same levels of the image quality, taking into account the aspects of the radiation protection of the patient.
Evaluation of some dosimetric properties of a dedicated plane parallel ionization chamber for radiotherapy electron beams
Authors: Silva Jonas Oliveira da , Nonato Fernanda Beatrice Conceição , Sampaio Francisco Glaildo Almeida , Caldas Linda V. Ehlin
Published: September 2018

Ionization chambers are the reference detectors for electron beam dosimetry. In this paper a dedicated radiotherapy plane parallel ionization chamber manufactured with low cost materials is presented for dosimetry in electron beams. The ionization chamber tested has a sensitive volume of 0.4 cm³, and the collecting electrode and the guard ring were painted with a homogeneous mixture of nail polish and graphite. The dedicated ionization chamber presented linearity of the response with the absorbed dose in the range of 0.5 Gy to 8.0 Gy, an increase of the response with the field size increasing, an angular dependence within ±5°, as recommended by international standards, and a polarity effect of 0.78% with the field size. From the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that the plane parallel ionization chamber tested in this work presents potential use for electron beam dosimetry in clinical routine.
Risk management in radiation therapy with SEVRRA
Authors: Joana Geórgia Santos , Gonçalves Marcello Gomes , Salata Camila , Teixeira Flávia Cristina , Sandrini Emmilly , Bittencourt Guilherme , Salmon Helio , Fairbanks Leandro , Fortes Saulo Santos , Nogueira Maria do Socorro
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Radiation therapy is a complex treatment modality involving several technological and professional resources as well as a large number of attributions of these professionals with a high degree of interdependence. Thus there are many possibilities of failure in the treatment process that may lead to an accidental exposure. So regulatory agencies have established guidelines in their regulations in order to prevent accidental exposures through security analysis planning and risk management. The System of EValuation of Risk in RAdiotherapy, also known as SEVRRA, is based on the risk matrix methodology and allows the risk assessment of radiation therapy facilities in a prescriptive way, highlighting events leading to high-risk levels and severe consequences for individuals. With SEVRRA it is also possible to establish an importance analysis of the barriers proposed to avoid or mitigate such events.This work aimed to demonstrate the application of SEVRRA for the risk management of radiation therapy facilities. The risk profile of the facility was determined by identifying the highest risk level events, and the barriers of greater impact for the overall risk level. After implementing some missing barriers in the original facility profile, it was achieved a reduction from 31% to 8% in the number of events leading to high-risk level, showing the effectiveness of SEVRRA for the risk management in radiation therapy facilities.
Use of CT for Head Trauma: 2007–2015
Authors: Burstein Brett , Upton Julia E.M. , Terra Heloisa Fuzaro , Neuman Mark I.
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

International efforts have been focused on identifying children at low risk of clinically important traumatic brain injury in whom computed tomography (CT) neuroimaging can be avoided. We sought to determine if CT use for pediatric head trauma has decreased among US emergency departments (EDs).

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional analysis of the National Hospital Ambulatory Care Medical Survey database of nationally representative ED visits from 2007 to 2015. We included children <18 years of age evaluated in the ED for head injury. Survey weighting procedures were used to estimate the annual proportion of children who underwent CT neuroimaging and to perform multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:

There were an estimated 14.3 million pediatric head trauma visits during the 9-year study period. Overall, 32% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 29%–35%) of children underwent CT neuroimaging with no significant annual linear trend (P trend = .50). Multivariate analysis similarly revealed no difference by year (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.97–1.07) after adjustment for patient- and ED-level covariates. CT use was associated with age ≥2 years (aOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.13–2.01), white race (aOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.10–1.86), highest triage acuity (aOR: 8.24 [95% CI: 4.00–16.95]; P < .001), and presentation to a nonteaching (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.05–2.06) or nonpediatric (aOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.05–2.23) hospital.

CONCLUSIONS:

CT neuroimaging did not decrease from 2007 to 2015. Findings suggest an important need for quality improvement initiatives to decrease CT use among children with head injuries.
Effect of drying methods on physical and chemical properties of Ilex guayusa leaves
Authors: Manzano Santana Patricia , Quijano-Avilés María , Chóez-Guaranda Ivan , Barragán Lucas Ana , Viteri Espinoza Rafael , Martínez Daysi , Camacho Cinthia , Miranda Martinez Migdalia
Published: September 2018

En este trabajo se discute la influencia del secado al aire (AD), el horno de convección (CO) y el secado solar (SOD) sobre las propiedades físicas y químicas de las hojas de Ilex guayusa. Seestimaron las cenizas totales (%), las cenizas insolubles en ácido (%), las cenizas solubles en agua (%), la humedad residual (%) y el contenido de cafeína (%). Además, se analizó la presencia los alcaloides, flavonoides, azúcares reductores, saponinas, esteroides, quinonas, grasas, fenoles y taninos en extractos de hojas secas. Los resultados revelaron que los parámetros del análisis físico no se vieron afectados por las técnicas de secado. La mayor cantidad de metabolitos secundarios se detectó en el extracto etanólico y acuoso. En general, las hojas secadas al horno de convección mostraron el mayor contenido de cafeína (3,71%) y el menor tiempo de secado (13 h) en comparación con los otros métodos de secado empleados. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron un método rápido para secar hojas de Ilex guayusa sin alterar el contenido de componentes bioactivos beneficiosos para la salud, estudios que no han sido reportados.
Teaching of Non-Clinical Skills should be embedded throughout Medical Training
Authors: Procter Sarah , Sturgess Jane
Published: September 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Medical leadership has been a focus of criticism after a number of notable health service failures. In order to address the development of a safe and accountable service for the future, medical trainees should be engaged in learning and participating in medical management from an early stage. We discuss measures we have taken at one hospital in the United Kingdom to embed non-clinical skills training in the natural progression of specialist training. This programme has since been expanded to other hospitals. We aim to disseminate our learning further so that others may consider implementing local training in a similar way.
Clinical Humanities in Primary Care for Year 2 Medical Students: A Student perspective
Authors: Sandhu Preeti , Wylie Ann , Jakeways Niki , Kirtchuk Liza
Published: September 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. As part of a new MBBS Curriculum at GKT Medical School, King's College London, second year medical students undertook a clinical humanities assignment during their longitudinal GP placement. Groups of students all produced a humanities output relating to medicine and patient care in the community. This article explores the experiences from the student perspective and key learning points for subsequent cohorts, identifying four themes from the feedback obtained in a student evaluation: Broadening horizons; teamworking and leadership, wider community care involvement and seeing patients through different eyes.
Simulação e comparação de técnicas de correção de dados incompletos de idade para o cálculo de taxas de incidência
Authors: Oliveira Max Moura de , Latorre Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira , Tanaka Luana Fiengo , Curado Maria Paula
Published: September 2018

O objetivo foi comparar duas técnicas para estimar idade em bancos de dados com registros incompletos e analisar sua aplicação no cálculo da incidência de câncer. Utilizou-se a base de dados do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional do Município de São Paulo, Brasil, contendo casos diagnosticados por câncer do trato urinário, entre 1997 e 2013. Foram aplicadas duas técnicas para estimativa de idade: fator de correção e imputação múltipla. Foram simuladas, usando a distribuição binomial, seis bases de dados com diferentes proporções de dados incompletos para idade de 5% até 50%. A razão entre as incidências foi calculada tendo, como referência, a base completa, cuja incidência padronizada foi de 11,83/100 mil; as demais incidências nas bases com 5% ou mais de dados incompletos para idade apresentaram-se subestimadas. Ao aplicar o fator de correção, as taxas corrigidas não apresentaram diferenças em comparação com as padronizadas, entretanto, essa técnica não permite corrigir taxas específicas. A imputação múltipla foi útil na correção das taxas padronizadas e específicas em bancos com até 30% de dados incompletos, entretanto, as taxas específicas para indivíduos com menos de 50 anos apresentaram-se subestimadas. Bases com 5% ou mais de dados incompletos necessitam de aplicação de correção. A imputação múltipla, apesar de complexa em sua execução, mostrou-se superior ao fator de correção. Todavia, deve ser utilizada com parcimônia, pois taxas específicas por idade podem manter-se subestimadas.
Effect of the board game as educational technology on schoolchildren’s knowledge on breastfeeding
Authors: Martins Fernanda Demutti Pimpão , Leal Luciana Pedrosa , Linhares Francisca Márcia Pereira , Santos Alessandro Henrique da Silva , Leite Gerlaine de Oliveira , Pontes Cleide Maria
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effect of the board game as an educational technology on schoolchildren’s knowledge on breastfeeding. Method: cluster-randomized clinical trial, held in nine schools, with 99 children in the third grade of elementary school (control group = 51 and intervention group = 48). The pretest was conducted in both groups; intervention consisted in the application of the educational technology immediately after pretest to the intervention group; and the post-test was applied on the 7th and 30th days to both groups. For the analysis of children’s knowledge on breastfeeding, we considered the pre- and post-test score means, using the Mann-Whitney test - for comparing the means between groups - and the Wilcoxon test - within the same group. Results: there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the pretest. In the follow-up, when comparing the groups, there were higher means in the intervention group, on the 7th (19.68 ±1.788) and on the 30th (20.16±1.260) days, with statistically significant difference. Within the intervention group, there was significant increase of the means in the pretest (15.89±3.082) for the 30th day (20.16±1.260). Conclusion: such educational intervention has significantly contributed to the increase in scores of children’s knowledge on breastfeeding for the intervention group. UTN: U1111-1184-7386.
Relationship between anxiety, depressive symptoms and compulsive overeating disorder in patients with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Garcia Géssica Damares , Pompeo Daniele Alcalá , Eid Letícia Palota , Cesarino Cláudia Bernardi , Pinto Maria Helena , Gonçalves Laryssa Wilson Paiva
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the presence of compulsive overeating disorder in patients with cardiovascular diseases and to verify its relation with sociodemographic, clinical variables and the presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Method: cross-sectional, correlational study with a sample of 111 patients with cardiovascular diseases. The presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale instrument and compulsive overeating disorder was assessed through a likert instrument called the Periodic Eating Disorder Scale (Binge Eating Scale). Results: there was a predominance of patients without compulsive overeating disorder (n=91, 82%), followed by moderated compulsive overeating (n=15, 13.5%) and severe (n=5, 4.5%) associating to high levels of body mass index (p=0.010) and the presence of anxiety (p=0.017). Conclusion: Compulsive overeating disorder was present in 18% of the patients, being associated with body mass index and anxiety, suggesting that health professionals should pay attention to the comprehensive evaluation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Important results emerged from this study, emphasizing the need to implement programs to improve the patients’ mental and physical health in both primary and specialized care services.
Composition of the board of directors and pay-performance sensitivity
Authors: Brandão Isac de Freitas , Vasconcelos Alessandra Carvalho de , Luca Márcia Martins Mendes De , Crisóstomo Vicente Lima
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT This article investigates, in the Brazilian capital market, the effect of the composition of the board of directors on executive compensation sensitivity to market performance, known as pay-performance sensitivity (PPS). Due to potential agency conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders and between shareholders and managers, members of the board of directors of the executive board or those appointed by the controlling shareholder might have less independence, something which may compromise monitoring effectiveness and, consequently, reduce the PPS. The purpose is contributing to understand the agency conflicts that have taken place in the Brazilian capital market and to define the configuration of the monitoring and compensation mechanisms that minimize total agency costs, maximizing shareholders’ wealth. The research results have implications for understanding the agency relations and for corporate governance in the Brazilian capital market. It is concluded that the relation between the monitoring exercised by the board of directors and executive compensation is a condition for its effectiveness as a governance mechanism in the Brazilian capital market. Data within the period 2013-2015 from 92 companies that participate in the Brazil 100 Index (IBRX 100) of the São Paulo Stock, Mercantile & Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) were analyzed. In addition to tests of difference between mean values and correlation, estimates were processed through feasible generalized least squares modeling. The independence of the board of directors vis-à-vis the controlling shareholder and the executive board may work as a corporate governance mechanism supplementing executive compensation. The results of this study indicate that the proportion of executives and independent members in the board of directors reduces the PPS, a measurement for executive compensation effectiveness made operational by the contemporary relation between increased managers’ compensation and increased company’s market value.
DINÂMICAS PRÉ E PÓS-COLOSTRAL DO ERITROLEUCOGRAMA, DA PROTEÍNA PLASMÁTICA TOTAL E DO FIBRINOGÊNIO DE CORDEIROS
Authors: Souza Damaris Ferreira de , Kowalski Luciana Helena , Kulik Carlos Henrique , Barros Filho Ivan Roque de , Dittrich Rosangela Locatelli , Monteiro Alda Lúcia Gomes
Published: September 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a dinâmica de alguns parâmetros hematológicos em cordeiros recém-nascidos sadios, antes e após a ingestão de colostro. Foram coletadas amostras sanguíneas de 28 cordeiros recém-nascidos, determinando-se o eritroleucograma, as concentrações de proteína plasmática total (PPT) e de fibrinogênio nos momentos pré e pós-colostro. Os dados foram analisados comparando-se a variabilidade dos parâmetros entre os dois momentos. O hematócrito (P<0,001), a concentração de hemoglobina (P<0,05) e o volume globular médio (VGM) (P<0,05) diminuíram após a ingestão de colostro, enquanto a concentração de hemoglobina globular média (CHGM) aumentou (P<0,01) no momento pós-colostro. Houve aumento no número de leucócitos totais (P<0,001) e nas contagens absolutas de neutrófilos segmentados (P<0,05) e de linfócitos (P<0,01) após a ingestão de colostro. As concentrações de PPT e de fibrinogênio também aumentaram no momento pós-colostro (P<0,001 e P<0,01, respectivamente). O eritroleucograma, as concentrações de PPT e de fibrinogênio variam consideravelmente antes e após a ingestão de colostro, sendo modificados em função da própria ingestão do colostro e/ou da adaptação dos processos fisiológicos do animal à vida extrauterina. Portanto, recomenda-se que a interpretação de hemogramas realizados em cordeiros recém-nascidos seja feita com base em intervalos de referência específicos para o período neonatal.
NYLON CLAMPS FOR ORCHIECTOMY HEMOSTASIS IN SWINES
Authors: Prado Tales Dias do , Costa Cacio Divino Alves da , Amaral Anaíza Simão Zucatto do , Treichel Tiago Luís Eilers
Published: September 2018

Abstract Orchiectomy is often employed in zootechnical activities with the main objective of carcass improvement; therefore, the search for alternatives that minimize surgical trauma, operative time and mainly decrease operating costs is pertinent. The nylon clamp is a tensile strength device, well tolerated by the body and inexpensive. It has been used as a hemostatic method in several surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the operability and functionality of this device for the preliminary hemostasis of the spermatic cord in the open orchiectomy, comparing it to the surgical nylon thread. Twenty male pigs were divided into 2 experimental groups: GI (clamp - 10 animals) and GII (surgical nylon thread - 10 animals). The surgical time, the degree of hemostasis, the size of the incision, the presence or absence of edema and secretions, besides the weight gain were evaluated. For analysis of inflammatory response, fibrinogen was assessed. Compared to surgical nylon, the clamps presented advantages over surgical time and blood loss. It was concluded that the use of nylon clamps for hemostasis of the spermatic cords of pigs submitted to orchiectomies reduced the total time of surgeries, as well as hemorrhages, when compared to hemostasis with nylon thread. Furthermore, weight gain and induction of inflammatory response were not influenced by the hemostasis method used.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO CULTIVO IN VITRO DE FOLÍCULOS PRÉ-ANTRAIS SUÍNOS INCLUSOS EM TECIDO OVARIANO (IN SITU) COMO MODELO DE AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DE MEDICAMENTOS HOMEOPÁTICOS NA FOLICULOGÊNESE INICIAL
Authors: Nunes Romão , Lima Laritza Ferreira de , Rocha Rebeca Magalhães Pedrosa , Oliveira Letícia , Campello Claudio Cabral , Figueiredo Jose Ricardo
Published: September 2018

Resumo Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito dos medicamentos homeopáticos (Pulsatilla nigricans e hormônio folículo estimulante homeopático - FSH) e um complexo homeopático (Bos Stress Fertilis) na foliculogênese inicial, utilizando o cultivo in vitro de folículos pré-antrais suínos como modelo in vitro. Para tanto, fragmentos ovarianos foram cultivados por um ou sete dias em α-MEM+ na ausência (controle cultivado) ou presença de FSH homeopático (6 cH), Pulsatilla (6 CH), Bos Stress Fertilis (6 CH), álcool cereal (50% - v/v) ou FSH recombinante (50 ng/ml) adicionados diariamente. Os fragmentos ovarianos não cultivados (controle fresco) ou cultivados por um e sete dias foram processados para histologia clássica. Somente o composto homeopático Bos Stress Fertilis foi eficiente em manter o percentual de sobrevivência folicular após sete dias de cultivo semelhante ao controle não cultivado e α-MEM+. Em relação ao crescimento folicular, somente a adição de FSH homeopático aumentou o diâmetro folicular quando comparado ao controle não cultivado e α-MEM+ após um dia de cultivo. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que a adição dos medicamentos homeopáticos Bos Stress fertilis e FSH homeopático (6 CH) melhoraram, respectivamente, a sobrevivência e o crescimento in vitro de folículos pré-antrais suínos inclusos em fragmentos de tecido ovariano.
CONFORMITY OF REFRIGERATED RAW MILK FROM FAMILY PRODUCTION UNITS OF SOUTHERN ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Bastos Leticia Ricieri , Prata Thallis Abdalla de Oliveira , Abdallah Fabrizio Raggi , Pacheco Bevaldo Martins , Bernardes Patricia Campos , Carneiro Joel Camilo Souza
Published: September 2018

Abstract Dairy farming is an important activity in Brazil and Espírito Santo state, with small properties accounting for 80% of production. Despite of this economic importance, data about quality of the milk produced and the hygienic-sanitary conditions are still scarce. Then, the objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of refrigerated raw milk produced in family production units in southern Espírito Santo to verify compliance with Brazilian legal standards. Three collections were carried out in 29 community expansion tanks, for a total of 87 samples of refrigerated raw milk. Analysis of standard plate count (SPC), psychrotrophic bacteria count (PBC), somatic cell count (SCC), titratable acidity, density, fat, total dry extract (TDE), non-fat dry extract (NFDE), residues of antibiotics (β-lactam and tetracycline), cadmium and lead levels were performed. Of the 87 samples, 66% presented non-standard values for SPC, and 38% had non-standard values for SCC. Eighty five percent of the samples presented non-standard results for NFDE, 10.3% for density and 2.3% for titratable acidity. All samples complied with the legislation regarding residues of antibiotics, Cd and Pb levels. These results indicated failures in the raw milk obtainment and storage chain from family production units of southern Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Avaliação do processo na assistência pré-natal de gestantes com risco habitual
Authors: Balsells Marianne Maia Dutra , Oliveira Tyane Mayara Ferreira de , Bernardo Elizian Braga Rodrigues , Aquino Priscila de Souza , Damasceno Ana Kelve de Castro , Castro Régia Christina Moura Barbosa , Lessa Paula Renata Amorim , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra
Published: September 2018

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade do cuidado quanto ao processo no pré-natal de gestantes com risco habitual. Métodos Pesquisa avaliativa, realizada no período de maio de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, na Casa de Parto Natural (CPN) Lígia Barros Costa em Fortaleza, Ceará. A amostra totalizou 560 prontuários de gestantes que realizaram pré-natal na CPN. O instrumento de coleta dos dados contemplou aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e obstétricos, e indicadores de processo da assistência pré-natal. Os critérios adotados para avaliar o processo foram os indicadores de qualidade do pré-natal. Os dados foram armazenados e processados no programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 20.0. A análise utilizou a estatística descritiva. Resultados Quanto aos indicadores de qualidade do pré-natal, observou-se que 42,3% (n=237) atenderam ao número adequado de consultas, realizando sete ou mais consultas. Apenas 26,3% (n=147) iniciaram precocemente o pré-natal. Referente aos indicadores de qualidade dos procedimentos clínicos e obstétricos verificou-se que 55% (n=309) estava adequado. Quando analisados os indicadores de qualidade referentes aos exames laboratoriais, apenas 25,4% (n=142) estavam adequados. Conclusão Conclui-se que a qualidade do pré-natal é adequada na minoria da população estudada, devendo existir maior atenção de gestores e profissionais para o planejamento de ações em prol da melhoria dos indicadores relacionados aos números de consultas, início precoce do pré-natal, procedimentos clínicos e obstétricos e realização dos exames laboratoriais.
Confiabilidade e validade da Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric – Brazilian Version
Authors: Morais Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos , Nunes Janaina Gomes Perbone , Lasater Kathie , Barros Alba Lúcia Bottura Leite de , Carvalho Emilia Campos de
Published: September 2018

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a confiabilidade e validade da Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric – Brazilian Version em uma amostra de estudantes de enfermagem. Métodos Pesquisa com delineamento metodológico, realizado em uma instituição pública de ensino superior da região sudeste do Brasil. Preliminarmente, foi analisada a clareza dos comportamentos descritos em cada nível das 11 dimensões do instrumento, por oito estudantes. A seguir, deu-se a coleta de dados relativos a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas com auto aplicação a 179 estudantes. Os participantes foram agrupados em iniciantes (1ª e 2ª séries n=115) e concluintes (3ª e 4ª séries n=64). Foram analisadas as propriedades psicométricas: validade discriminante, a fidedignidade e a dimensionalidade. Resultados A versão brasileira da rubrica diferenciou os dois grupos de estudantes (p-valor <0,05) nas 11 dimensões avaliadas. A estabilidade foi verificada pelo teste-reteste (ICC de 0,88). A consistência interna foi obtida para o instrumento global (alpha de Cronbach, de 0,889) e para as fases de reconhecimento (α=0,75), interpretação (α=0,64), resposta (α=0,78) e reflexão (α=0,63). Validade da dimensionalidade pela análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) obteve resultados de confiabilidade composta (CC) acima de 0,7 e a variância média extraída (AVE) superiores a 0,5, em todas as fases. A validade discriminante do modelo fatorial pelo critério de Fornell-Larcker e pelas cargas cruzadas confirmaram a estrutura teórica da versão original da rubrica. Conclusão A avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da rubrica mostrou evidências de confiabilidade e validade de construto do instrumento para medir o desenvolvimento do julgamento clínico do estudante de enfermagem.
Decidindo “caso a caso” a presença familiar no serviço de atendimento emergencial
Authors: Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Marcon Sonia Silva , Garcia-Vivar Cristina , Furlan Mara Cristina Ribeiro , Rissardo Leidyani Karina , Haddad Maria do Carmo Lourenço , Dupas Giselle , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: September 2018

Resumo Objetivo Compreender como médicos e enfermeiros vivenciam e percebem a presença da família no serviço de atendimento emergencial. Métodos Estudo qualitativo que utilizou o Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico e a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados como referencial metodológico. Participaram 20 profissionais – divididos equitativamente entre médicos e enfermeiros – que atuavam em duas Salas de Emergência localizadas no Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre outubro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017, por meio de entrevistas. Resultados Identificou-se a existência de uma cultura social de exclusão familiar, amplamente difundida e praticada pelos profissionais. Contudo, às vezes, as famílias permanecem com seus entes queridos na Sala de Emergência, visto que os profissionais analisam e decidem “caso a caso”, considerando diferentes aspectos ao longo do processo assistencial. Conclusão Para médicos e enfermeiros múltiplos aspectos estão relacionados na determinação da presença familiar durante o atendimento emergencial. Assim, não é aconselhável uma diretiva única para a presença da família. Em realidade, sugere-se que cada unidade de saúde elabore seus protocolos considerando as particularidades locais.