bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in the reading habits of secondary school students of Osun State public schools
Authors:   African Section, Hezekiah Oluwasanmi Library, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Bamise O. F.
Published: August 2021

The research evaluated among secondary school students the time spent in reading and the reading materials preferred. The purpose for which they read was also identified. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted which focused on public secondary schools of Osun State, Southwest, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 1101 senior secondary school students from 12 public schools covering the 6 educational zones of Osun State. A 20 item Reading Habit Scale was used. The questionnaire was administered with the aid of a research assistant and retrieved immediately from the volunteers after completion. One thousand and seventy-nine copies of the questionnaire were analyzed, 43% of the respondents were boys while 57% were girls. Only 18.6% of the respondents were daily long-time readers (>1 to 6 hours per day) which comprised 17% of the boys and 20% of the girls. Boys more than girls read past questions and solutions while girls more than boys read textbooks and subject teachers note. Boys (98%) more than girls (97%) indicated they read in order to get better grades in tests and examinations. Conversely, girls more than the boys read for a better understanding of topics taught by the teacher and for pleasure (84:76%). A statistically significant gender difference exists with respect to “reading for pleasure” (x=8.92, p=0.003). Most of the students have poor reading habits with respect to daily reading time. Girls were more daily long-time readers and also read for pleasure.
The effect of patience training on university students’ patience and life satisfaction levels
Authors:   Selçuk University, Turkey, Eliüşük Bülbül Ayşe
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the "patience training program" on the patience and life satisfaction levels of university students. The study was organized as a pre-test, post-test experiment and control group design. For a total of 30 students from which were 17 in the control group and 17 in the experimental group, patience training was given for 5 weeks. The "Patient Scale" developed by Schnitker (2010) and adapted to Turkish by Eliüşük and Arslan (2016) and the "Life Satisfaction Scale" developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Dağlı and Baysal (2016) were used as a data collection tool in the study. The "Wilcoxon" test was used for the comparison of in-group differences in the analysis of obtained data and the "Mann-Whitney U" test was used in examining the differences between the two groups. As a result of the study, it was observed that the patience and life satisfaction average scores of students in the experimental group receiving "patience training" increased significantly, while there was no significant difference in the patience and life satisfaction averages scores of the control group students.
PECULIARITIES OF UNIVERSAL BODY DESIGN FOR INNOVATION REFRIGERATOR CARS
Authors: Voron Oleg
Published: August 2021

There are considered analysis results of stress-strain state in the load-bearing structure of three versions of refrigerator cars with different arrangement solutions of refrigerating-heating plants (RHP) and a thermos car at its cooling with liquid nitrogen.

By means of the “APM WinMachine” application there are presented model parameters of a basic universal body. The analysis of calculation results has shown sufficient strength and potentialities for updating an available car metal structure for the application as a universal body of a refrigerator car.

Work purpose: the estimation of a stress-strain state in the load-bearing structure of a basic body for insulated cars of different types of refrigerator- and thermos cars.

Investigation methods: for the analysis of the stress-strain state in a load-bearing structure in three versions of the bodies of refrigerator- and thermos cars under loads with “Normal” modes there was used the “APM WinMachine” software complex realizing a finite element method.

Results and novelty: for the first time there are offered arrangement solutions for the location of refrigeration-heating plants earlier not used for refrigeration rolling-stock (RRS). A stress-strain state of the body of the thermos car at the impact of overpressure upon it of gaseous nitrogen evaporated in cargo compartment is estimated.

Conclusions: the analysis of calculation results for all three versions of the RHP arrangement and a solid body of a thermos car has shown sufficient strength and possibility regarding simple updating an available body metal structure which may be used as a universal car set.
Pemberdayaan kelompok tani wanita Kab.Enrekang
Authors: Pallawangi
Published: August 2021

Desa Buntu Mondong (Kecamatan Buntu Batu) merupakan desa yang terletak di Kabupaten Enrekang. Desa tersebut memiliki potensi dalam pengembangan produk pangan dari buah salak yang menjadi komodtas khas Kabupaten ini. Desa tersebut memiliki beberapa kelompok wanita tani yang berkecimpung dalam pengolahan keripik dan dodol salak, namun dari segi kualitas dan kuantitas produk yang dihasilkan masih sangat rendah. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan dan pelatihan bagi Kelompok Wanita Tani Macenning dan Kelompok Wanita Tani Salak Canning di Desa Buntu Mondong, terutama dalam hal diversivikasi produk pangan merupakan solusi yang ditawarkan dalam rangka meningkatkan nilai tambah (value added) produk keripik dan dodol salak. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan yang telah dilaksanakan antara lain adalah penyuluhan sanitasi dan hygiene proses produksi, aplikasi pelabelan dan kemasan pangan, penyuluhan P-IRT dan sertifikasi halal produk, analisis kimia gizi dan umur simpan produk, perancangan peralatan dan diversifikasi pembuatan produk di kedua mitra tersebut. Diharapkan dengan kegiatan ini dapat membina dan memacu kedua mitra untuk menghasilkan produk yang bersaing dipasaran sehingga dapat meningkatkan kehidupan ekonomi di desa tersebut. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini dievaluasi setiap bulannya dan dapat menjadi percontohan bagi kelompok wanita tani lain di Kabupaten Enrekang.
On climate change and vision in crises
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: August 2021

I briefly present some comments on the climate change issue, especially regarding related perspectives on sustainability and morality.
More Security, More Trust? Security Perceptions as a Source of Government Trust in Post-Conflict Settings
Authors: Nomikos William George , Stollenwerk Eric
Published: August 2021

How can governments gain the trust of their citizens after civil war? Although previous work has thoroughly considered the drivers of governmental trust, we know relatively little about the role of security perceptions in post-conflict settings. Drawing on data from an original survey fielded with 2,000 respondents from Liberia, we show that citizens' security perceptions shape their trust in government. We also demonstrate that explicit attribution of security to specific institutions is key for linking more effective security governance with more trust. Our findings have significant implications for the design of security institutions and statebuilding in post-conflict settings.
IDENTIFIKASI PEMUKIMAN KUMUHDAN STRATEGI PENANGANANYA PADA PEMUKIMAN DI KELURAHAN PONTAP KECAMATAN WARA TIMUR KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Sandy Riski
Published: August 2021

Ini adalah draf proposal penelitian yang merupakan tugas mata kuliah metode penelitian program studi teknik sipil, fakultas teknik, universitas andi djemma
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP-PRINSIP GOOD GOVERNANCE TERHADAP PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: sryiinindirwan
Published: August 2021

Tata kelola yang baik yang diusung oleh Bank Dunia dan UNDP masih belum memiliki kesepakatan yang pasti. Konsep ini lebih dimaknai sebagai solusi bagi terwujudnya kinerja pemerintah yang efektif dan efisien. Selanjutnya, Bank Dunia sebagai donor memberikan bantuan kepada negara-negara untuk membangun kapasitas kelembagaan dan pelatihan bagi pejabat publik untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi pustaka. Good governance sebagai sebuah konsep menuai kritik dalam implementasinya, salah satu kritik yang diberikan adalah kurangnya kontrol dalam pelaksanaan good governance pada aktor-aktor pemerintahan. Tidak hanya itu penerapan good governance di suatu negara seringkali dipaksakan, padahal prinsip tersebut tidak sesuai dengan sistem pemerintahan, negara, budaya masyarakat yang ada. Dalam kasus Indonesia dalam hal implementasi Good Governance, masih banyak ditemukan permasalahan seperti reformasi birokrasi yang kurang baik, praktik KKN, tuntutan penerapan prinsip-prinsip good governance yang di antaranya tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik lokal masyarakat Indonesia. masyarakat, dan partisipasinya masih rendah.
The COVID States Project #60: COVID-19 vaccine misinformation: From uncertainty to resistance
Authors: Ognyanova Katherine , Lazer David , Baum Matthew , Druckman James , Green Jon , Perlis Roy H. , Santillana Mauricio , Simonson Matthew D , Lin Jennifer , Uslu Ata
Published: August 2021

In mid-July 2021, President Biden emphatically claimed that social media platforms were “killing people” by facilitating the spread of vaccine misinformation. Not long after, Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell similarly declared that misinformation was to be blamed for the low vaccination rates of Americans.The public debate that followed brought to the forefront a series of important questions. How prevalent is the public’s belief in vaccine misinformation? Is that belief associated with vaccine resistance? Are some social groups more susceptible to it than others? Are social media companies responsible for the higher levels of vaccine resistance among some of their users?This report focuses on the first three questions, exploring misinformation beliefs across social groups and their connection with vaccine attitudes. We address the last question in our previous report and in a post published by the Washington Post’s Monkey Cage blog.
Exploring the effects of COVID-19 restrictions on wellbeing across different styles of lockdown
Authors: Ingram Joanne , Hand Christopher , Hijikata Yuko , Maciejewski Greg
Published: August 2021

Globally, everyday life has been restricted – varyingly – to control the COVID-19 pandemic. In January 2021, nationwide “lockdown” was enacted in Scotland with breaches punishable by law. Contrastingly, Japanese restrictions were managed prefecture-by-prefecture, with opportunities for travel and interaction, with citizens requested rather than required to conform. To explore these differential strategies’ impact, we conducted a transnational online survey of health behaviours and wellbeing. In February 2021, 138 Scottish and 139 Japanese participants reported their demographic information, pandemic-induced health behaviour-change (alcohol consumption, diet, perceived sleep quality, physical activity), negative mood scores (NMS), and perceived isolation. Scottish participants’ health behaviours were characterised by change (typically negative), whereas Japanese participants’ behaviours were more-stable. However, Scots were more-likely than Japanese participants to have positively-changed their physical activity levels. Negative changes in perceived sleep quality and activity levels were associated with greater NMS; furthermore, negative changes in alcohol consumption, diet, sleep quality, and activity were associated with greater perceived isolation. Japanese participants reported greater NMS; there was no transnational difference in perceived isolation. Different lockdown styles led to different changes in health behaviour. More-restrictive lockdown led to greater change, likely due to greater lifestyle disruption. Negative changes were associated with additional stressors such as having children in the home and/or changes in work status. Negative changes to health behaviours were typically associated with poorer mental wellbeing. We recommend that citizens are supported in maintaining non-disease health and wellbeing peri-pandemic, particularly through sleep hygiene and/or physical activity.
Understanding barriers and facilitators to compliance with UK social distancing guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Burton Alexandra , McKinlay Alison , Dawes Joanna , Roberts Anna , Fynn Wendy , May Tom , Fancourt Daisy
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesWhen followed, there is evidence that social distancing measures play a major role in reducing the transmission of viruses such as COVID-19. However, not all individuals follow the guidance. This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to compliance with United Kingdom social distancing guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodSemi-structured interviews with 116 adults. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and themes mapped to domains of the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Model of Behaviour (COM-B).Main Outcome MeasuresWe identified 12 themes affecting compliance to UK social distancing guidelines.ResultsBarriers to compliance included inconsistent rules, caring responsibilities, fatigue, unintended consequences of control measures, and the need for emotional support. Facilitators were informational support and social responsibility. Six themes acted both as a barrier or facilitator: lived environment and shared spaces, beliefs about consequences of non-compliance, influence of others, practical social support, and trust in government. Conclusions Participants experienced a range of barriers and facilitators to compliance, often dependent on individual circumstances. Reflective motivation, psychological capability and social opportunity were important drivers for compliance. Measures that enable social support alongside strategies that help maintain motivation to comply, provide clear guidance and optimise social cohesion should be promoted.
Influence of enzyme and probiotic supplementation on growth performance and gut health of broiler chicken
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Agboola A. F. , Omidiwura B. R. O. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Ahmed R. O. ,   Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, USA, Soneye V. F. ,   Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Majolagbe H. O. ,   Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Otto/Ijanikin, Lagos state, Nigeria
Published: August 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of enzyme, probiotic or their combinations on growth response, microbiota and gut histopathological indices of broiler chicken. One hundred and fifty (150) one-day old unsexed Arbor Acre broiler chicks were weighed and randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments; each diet had 5 replicates of 6 birds each in the study that lasted for 42 days. Treatment 1 consists of the basal diet (negative control; NC): Treatment 2 was NC+0.1% antibiotic (positive control), Treatment 3: NC+0.4% probiotic, Treatment 4: NC+0.1% enzyme and Treatment 5: NC+0.4% probiotic+0.1% enzyme. Performance indices were measured. On day 42, ileal digesta was collected from two birds per replicate for microbial count while about 5 cm of distal ileum was severed for histopathology. The results showed that diets had no significant (p>0.05) effect on the performance of birds at the starter and finisher phases. Total heterotrophic counts of birds fed with basal and probiotic diets were similar but significantly (p<0.05) higher than other diets. The highest Lactobacilli count was recorded in the mixture of probiotic + enzyme diet while least was observed in probiotic (2.58×105 cfu/ml) and enzyme supplemented diets (1.45×105 cfu/ml). Total coliform count of birds fed antibiotic diet was significantly (p<0.05) lower (14.12×105 cfu/ml) than for those on other diets. Total Escherichia coli count was highest in birds fed antibiotic while least was observed in birds fed mixture of probiotics + enzyme diet. Photomicrographs of the ileum of birds fed basal diet showed sloughed mucosa layer and degenerated villi. However birds fed antibiotic, probiotic, enzyme or probiotic+enzyme diets showed normal mucosa layer with normal villi, the lamina proprial showed normal tissues with mild infiltrate. In conclusion, feed supplements used in this study can serve as viable alternatives to antibiotics in broiler nutrition without compromising birds’ health
Sosruco Rockshelter: revision of materials of the excavation by S.N. Zamiatnin and the Upper Horizons Radiocarbon Chronology
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leonova Elena
Published: August 2021

The new radiocarbon dates were obtained from samples of the collections from the excavations by S.N. Zamyatnin in 1955–1957 of the Sosruko Rockshelter in the Elbrus region. The Sosruko Rockshelter is a multi-layered site containing cultural horizons of the Iron Age, Mesolithic and Late Upper Palaeolithic. Clear stratigraphy of the Stone Age layers and representative collections were used to create periodization schemes of the development and change of the lithic industries of the late Pleistocene — early Holocene of the Caucasus. But the lack of radiocarbon dating did not allow determining their absolute age. Three samples of faunal remains of layers M1, M2 and M3 were analyzed. Obtained four radiocarbon AMS dates are in agreement not only with the sequence of deposits in the Rockshelter, but also with the data obtained for similar typological collections of the North-West Caucasus synchronous sites.
Multidisciplinary Researches of Nebyshino 1 Site at the Upper Reaches of the Berezina River in 2018–2019
Authors:   Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Yаzepenka Igor
Published: August 2021

Comprehensive multidisciplinary research was held in 2018–2019 at Nebyshino 1 site located in the Dokshitsky district, Vitebsk region, Belarus. The analysis archaeological materials obtained during excavations made along the mineral edge of the butte and in the peaty part of the settlement were supplemented by archaeobotanical study, analysis of the osteological materials, and radiocarbon dating of wood and bone remains from the cultural horizon. The analysis of Nebyshino 1 flint artifacts and synchronization with the dating of the osteological samples made it possible to consider the preboreal and boreal periods as the main stages in the functioning of the settlement. The flint collection of Nebyshino 1 displays similarities with the flint inventory of the Zamosh’e settlement (Verkhnedvinski district, Vitebsk region), located in the basin of the Western Dvina. The cultural attribution of the archaeological materials of Nebyshino 1 presupposes that the site is related to the Kunda culture. At present time the absolute chronology of Nebyshino 1 site can be considered within the framework of the Preboreal — Atlanticum, since the lower chronological boundary (the second half of the Alleroid — Late Dryas) requires archaeological and palynological confirmation. The upper boundary of the settlement is determined by two dates corresponding to the second half of the Atlantic period, and by the presence in the cultural horizon a small number of fragments of Early Neolithic pottery of the Narva culture.
Bone and antler artefacts from the Middle and Late Mesolithic layers of Ivanovskoye 7 in the collection of MAE RAS
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhilin Mikhail
Published: August 2021

A collection of bone artefacts from Mesolithic layers of the site Ivanovskoye 7, excavated by the Upper Volga expedition under direction of M.G. Zhilin was taken for permanent storage by MAE RAS in 2012. Three cultural layers yielded impressive collections of bone and antler artefacts of early, middle and late periods of the Butovo culture. Finds from the bottom layer are already described in detail [Zhilin 2018]. The present article is devoted to publication of bone and antler artefacts from the Middle and Late Mesolithic layers of this site. Further development of traditions of the bone industry of the bottom layer is observed in these layers. At the same time new tool types emerge, and some types of bone and antler artefacts widespread in the bottom layer are absent in the upper layers. Comparison of finds from Mesolithic layers of Ivanovskoye 7 with other peat bog sites of the Butovo culture indicates rather steady development of bone industry. During the whole period of its existence the population of the Butovo culture was equipped with a highly developed set of bone and antler artefacts needed for successful living in the forests of temperate zone. Bone industry of the Late Mesolithic layer of Ivanovskoye 7 found further development in the Early Neolithic Upper Volga culture.
Results of the integrated study of a large stone tool from the Upper Paleolithic site Suren I
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Skakun Natalia , Longo Laura ,   Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Terekhina Vera ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pantyukhina Irina ,   Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnology of the Peoples of the Far-East, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Heredia Jose , Shulga Dmitriy ,   St. Petersburg Bread Museum
Published: August 2021

The materials of many Paleolithic sites in Eurasia contain large stone objects. As a rule, they retain their natural shape without any signs of artificial modification. However, the presence of characteristic use-wear features (polishing, linear traces, micro- and macrodeformations) unambiguously indicates that these stones served as tools. Multidisciplinary research, including an experimental and traceological approach, as well as analysis of organic micro-residues, make it possible to distinguish among the unmodified stone tools those that were used for processing plant raw materials. One of such tools is a large stone found in the lower layer of the Upper Paleolithic site Suren I** (Crimea). The results obtained in the course of the study suggest that the inhabitants of the site used plant materials in their household activities, as well as allow us to describe in detail the ways of adaptation of ancient people to the natural environment of the Crimean peninsula.
Role of CT scan in modern Neurosurgery
Authors: Karmacharya Balgopal
Published: August 2021

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Role of Natalizumab in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A review
Authors: Paudel Anuj Krishna , Bastakoti Sanjiv , Dulal Nitesh Raj , Piya Gunja , Singh Sashi Bhusan
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a non-traumatic neurological disease caused by an immune-mediated reaction leading to a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The treatments for multiple sclerosis are mainly divided into three categories: treatment of exacerbation, slowing disease progression with disease-modifying therapies, and symptomatic therapies. Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that works by preventing the adhesion of lymphocytes into the endothelium of the blood-brain barrier, reducing lymphocyte infiltration into the central nervous system. This review aims to study the efficacy and safety of natalizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Methods: The review was performed using databases like PubMed, Cochrane library, Google scholar from which 48 relevant articles were selected based on the various inclusion criteria. The following keywords were used: “Natalizumab”, “Multiple sclerosis”, “side effects”, “Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis”, “progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy” in different combinations.
Results: The literature review suggests that natalizumab reduces the rate of sustained progression of the disease and disability, and was associated with a lower relapse rate in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. However, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is one of the serious side effects of natalizumab.
Conclusion: The literature review suggests that Natalizumab has favorable outcomes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Since progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is one of the serious side effects of natalizumab, risk stratification should be done.
Sphenoid sinus pneumatization in a sample of Nepalese population: A multidetector computed tomography study.
Authors: Lalchan Subita , Shrestha Ashish , Jwarchan Bishnu
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The purpose of study was to assess the prevalence of different types of pneumatization of sphenoid sinus in the Nepalese population as detected in CT scan of paranasal sinus. Materials and Methods: This study included patients attending radiology department for CT scan of paranasal sinus. The CT images of paranasal sinus were assessed for the type of pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus and type of clival, lateral recess and lesser wing extensions. Results: Most common type of pneumatization found in our study was complete sellar type (61.7%) and partial sellar type was second common type (27.4%). Pre-sellar type of pneumatization was seen in 10.9%. There were no patients with conchal type of pneumatization in our study. The clival extension of pneumatization was seen in 64%, lateral extension was found in 35.4%. and lesser wing type of pneumatization was found in 9.7%. Conclusion: Pre-surgical assessment of types and extension of sphenoid sinus pneumatization helps surgeons in surgical planning and to reduce complications during surgery. The variation in prevalence of sphenoid sinus pneumatization was found between our study population and other different population. This confirms that ethnicity influences types and extension of sphenoid sinus pneumatization.
Leksykograficzna interpretacja rosyjsko-polskich paraleli frazeologicznych
Authors: Dubichynskyi Volodymyr , Jaskólski Adam , Muszyńska-Wolny Dorota
Published: August 2021

The monograph presents a new concept of a lexicographical interpretation of Russian and Polish phraseologisms convergent in form, which is built on the theory of lexicographical parallels. The monograph also contains the first dictionary of Russian-Polish phraseological parallels.
SPECIFICS OF TRAINING UKRAINIAN MARITIME SPECIALISTS IN A PANDEMIC: REALITIES OF DISTANCELEARNING
Authors:   Danube Institute of the National University «Odesa Maritime Academy», Smirnova Iryna , Zahorodnia Yuliia ,   Azov Maritime Institute of the National University «Odessa Maritime academy», Maksymov Sergiy ,   Danube Institute of the National University «Odesa Maritime Academy»
Published: August 2021

Modern higher education institutions faced a huge problem during the global pandemic. The topical issue was the provision of quality educational services to higher education seekers in a pandemic around the world. Many countries in 2020 have decided to use distance learning as the only way to continue the educational process without interrupting it indefinitely. Distance learning today is one of the most effective and promising training systems. The emergence and active spread of distance learning is anadequate response of the education systems of many countries to the processes of integration taking place in the world, the movement towards the information society.Purpose. The purpose of this article is to systematize various aspects of distance education in institutions of the maritime sector of Ukraine in a global pandemic and to find solutions to issues that arise during the development of distance education and training of maritime professionals; identification of positive and negative aspects of the introduction of distance learning.Methods. To solve the problem, the following methods were used: the method of theoretical generalization, the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of systematization, the method of deduction.Results. The analysis of the results of distance learning in maritime institutions was carried out and its strengths and weaknesses were identified. The ways of improving the quality of distance education are analyzed. Further ways of development and improvement of distance learning are proposed.Originality. The basis of the educational process in distance learning is the controlled, intensive and purposeful independent work of a student who can study in a place convenient for himself, according to an individual schedule. In accordance with this, the educational process should be organized in such a way as to ensure the student's independent mastering of the educational material, the implementation and timely deli-very of individual assignments.Output. The main problem of training applicants for higher education in the maritime sector of Ukraine in a pandemic in distance education is the lack of opportunity for cadets to gain practical skills in working with ship equipment that exists in educational institutions. This negatively affects the quality of learning by cadets. In the future, this may lead to increased ship accidents and reduced maritime safety. It is necessary to develop interaction between educational institutions; make full use of technological opportunities; determine the goals and prospects for the development of distance learning, etc.Keywords:distance learning, quality of education, maritime institute, management of marine resources, ship accident rate, pandemic.
Volunteer activity of student youth as a means of formation personal and professional qualities of future specialists
Authors:   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Rymkhanova A. , Abildina S. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Dyusembinova R. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Ryskulova A. ,   Университет «Болашак», Кызылорда, Казахстан
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the legal framework and best practices of volunteer activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Belarus through a review and analysis of the available scientific and methodological literature and official data of both countries, as well as a direct visit to the volunteer centers at the Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after M. Tank. The study was aimed directly at volunteering for people with special needs, including adults and children with various developmental and health conditions. In Kazakhstan the state provides full support for the volunteer movement and the development of civil initiatives, but this is more of a social nature, which indicates the need to consider volunteerism as a means of forming not only personal, but also professional qualities in future teachers. This makes it possible not only to initiate a volunteer movement in the social sphere, but also to build a system of training volunteers in conditions of higher and secondary vocational training. The authors present the experience of using volunteer practice in the professional training of teachers in the Republic of Belarus, which allows us to solve this issue by creating a volunteer network at the university, introducing volunteer practice and special courses for students, which form the competencies necessary in working with different categories of children, contribute to understanding the essence of volunteer activity as an integral part of pedagogical work. Based on the analysis of official data and scientific literature, the authors identify the main problems, such as the need for a systematic approach to the training of volunteers at the university and college level; the development and implementation of short-term educational programs; the development of scientific and methodological foundations of volunteer activity within the framework of inclusion. Accordingly, the following solutions are proposed: development of the concept and model of the student volunteer movement within the framework of inclusive education; development and implementation of an elective course for students; coordination and methodological support of the existing network of volunteerism; creation of volunteer clubs, schools, centers in all educational, social and other organizations. The introduction of the best practices of friendly countries and systematic steps for the widespread introduction and development of the volunteer movement among students will allow for the training of teachers who are able to compete in the labor market and are ready to work in the changing conditions of the modern educational and social space.
Қазақстан Республикасының жоғары білім беру жүйесін интернационалдандыру: проблемалар, үрдістер, шешімдер
Authors: Акбаева Г.Н.
Published: August 2021

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасының жоғары білім беру жүйесінің трансформациясы мен интеграциясы зерттелген, өйткені əлемдік тəжірибеде білім беру проблемаларын шешудің жаңа тəсілі ұйымдастырушылық, құрылымдық, идеологиялық өзгерістерді, білім беру мазмұнын жаңартуды түбегейлі қайта қарауды, қазақстандық қоғам дамуының қазіргі кезеңіне жəне əлемдік білім беру кеңістігіндегі жаһандық интеграциялық процестерге сəйкес мамандарды даярлау сапасының талаптарын арттыруды қажет етті. Осыған байланысты жоғары білім берудің негізгі бағыттарындағы шетелдік студенттердің кəсіби даярлығының өзекті мəселесі де талданды: білім беруді интернационалдандыру жəне білім беру саласындағы мемлекеттердің заң шығарушы жəне атқарушы органдарының қызметін үйлестіру; үздіксіз білім берудің бірыңғай жүйесін ұйымдастыру мүмкіндігі жəне білім беру сапасын оның барлық деңгейлерінде жетілдіру сияқты проблемалардың шешімдері қаралды. Мақала авторлары білімнің қоғам қажеттіліктеріне, оның экономикасы мен ұлттық-мəдени ерекшеліктеріне тəуелділігімен, сондай-ақ оқу елін таңдаудың ортаның «зияткерлігіне» тəуелділігімен шарттасқан Қазақстан жоғары оқу орындарында шетелдік студенттердің кəсіби даярлығын дамыту генезисін анықтады, сондай-ақ шетелдік студенттердің кəсіби даярлығын дамыту перспективаларына жəне тұтастай алғанда жоғары білімнің интернационалдандырылуына болжам жасаған.
Syntaxemes as a method for selecting learning resources in teaching English
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Takuova Z. , Mauitbekova A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Bulatbayeva K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to discuss twenty-seven varieties of Russian syntaxemes defined by G.A. Zolotova, the semantic basis of which is considered universal for any other language. This achievement in the field of communicative linguistics allows to consider similar typical syntaxemes in English. The authors of this article are interested in syntaxemes because of the linguodidactic potential which serves as a “bridge” for statements within the thematic field. In contrast to the abstract means of structural linguistics, syntaxemes are capable of integrating lexical and grammatical material into the learning process. Whereas the traditional technique artificially tied the types of phrases and sentences of the topic, syntaxemes by semantic bundles are used in different exercises, i.e., within one exercise the teacher will be able to assimilate two or three ways of expressing the same idea and a sufficient amount of one syntaxeme as a typical union of the same type of lexemes. The article focuses on the optimization of learning process, in which the criteria for the selection of learning material based on certain methodological principles of teaching English are considered. By relying on the appropriate principles for the selection of learning material, an effective system of teaching English is purposed to be achieved. The article presents the most active syntaxemes, their meanings and interpretation found in the English textbook for 5th graders. Also, as an illustrative material, one of the speaking topics for 5th graders is considered, which is represented in the table with essential examples. Syntaxeme as a linguodidactic unit makes it possible to select language resources on a scientific basis, considering certain selection of parameters (frequency, functional significance, etc.).
Challenges of ESP Education in Georgia during COVID1–19 Pandemic
Authors:   Batumi State Maritime Academy, Georgia, Dolidze T.
Published: August 2021

This paper aims at highlighting the general challenges faced recently during the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) education in Georgia. For better acknowledging and understanding of the role of the ESP teachers the paper provides definition of the terms, their origin, division into different groups, analysis of various types of ESP. The work serves as an attempt to show the importance and challenges of ESP teachers during its teaching process and at the same time to highlight a growing demand for ESP at the global employment market, being a main medium for professional and business communication across the world. It also aims at demonstrateing the deficiency in ESP area which can result in barriers for graduates’ personal and professional development, in particular during the times of a pandemic.
Lexical and semantic errors in the English language teaching in homogenious groups
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Akhmetova G. , Bizhkenova A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: August 2021

The present research paper discusses the issues of identifying common lexical and semantic mistakes in Kazakh pre-intermediate EFL learners studying in homogeneous groups at university. Words are viewed as powerful tools and when used correctly, words may evoke different feelings and emotions and cause various actions. It’s important to learn how to spot difficult words, correct them timely, and master lexical competence teaching to use the words correctly. The data of the study were collected by learner’s EFL teacher from their final essays. Thirty-one essays were used as the instrument of the study to obtain real language from the participants. The authors of the study hope that the results of the conducted research would contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of lexical and semantic errors in English language teaching which will help teachers to elaborate the differentiated tasks and ways of explaining new vocabulary preventing students’ misunderstanding. Furthermore, the results of the presented research can serve as guidance and be used in compiling EFL textbooks for Kazakhstani students. As a result, researchers managed to classify lexical and semantic errors in English language teaching, identified frequent errors, and described their causes. The findings of the research illustrate that the participants of the study make errors of word choice and incorrect collocations the most. Moreover, incorrect usage of the preposition and literal translation from L1 are included in the frequent mistakes
The nature and content of psychological-pedagogical problems of multilingualism: linguistic and psychological aspects
Authors: Kim A.
Published: August 2021

Recently the concept of multilingualism has become a defining approach to the problem of language learning. Multilingualism occurs as an individual's language experience, expands culturally from the language used in the family to the language used in society, and then to the acquisition of languages of other peoples. The individual does not “keep” these languages and cultures separate from each other, but forms a communicative competence based on all knowledge and all language experience, where languages are interconnected and interact with one another. One of the most important approaches to both bilingual and multilingual education is, in our opinion, the study of psycholinguistic and neuro-linguistic mechanisms of bilingualism and multilingualism formation. The peculiarity of the language situation of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the presence of bilingualism, which occured in the country as a natural process in a multinational state. However each region of the country has its own specifics in terms of language. In this regard, there is a need for a regional approach to the study of the language situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is worth noting that the definition of the role and place of Russian language in teaching a foreign language in the context of multilingualism is insufficiently studied. Russian language is not only a universal means of communication generally accepted in the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also the main means of knowledge of sciences and support in learning a foreign language. Linguistic situation of foreign language teaching in multilingual environment in many respects differs from the linguistic situation of learning a foreign language in a monolingual audience.
Effectiveness of the use of open educational resources in the development of students’ foreign language speech skills
Authors:   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Sarzhanova G. , Toleuzhan A. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Turbaeva S. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the importance of using open educational resources (OER) and the need to use the technology for the development of speaking skills in the foreign language as well. The concept of OER first emerged in the 1990s and Open Educational Resources Movement announced in 2001 that MIT's entire course catalog was being put online and the project was going to be launched at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2002. This technology has a number of advantages. For example, the use of OER provides free access to textbooks, allows maximizing time efficiently, increases the interest and motivation of students and helps teachers transform classes. However, it is difficult to deny the existence of some problems regarding OER. The main disadvantages include the quality of the educational resource and the lack of Internet access in all regions of the world. But shortcomings are a ‘temporary issue’ and in the future OER will be adapted in all countries of the world to a greater extent. It will be productive to develop foreign language speech skills using OER, since it allows students to acquire new knowledge more quickly and effectively. The developments of such skills will undoubtedly occurre directly as a result of the continuing use of various authentic materials and the frequent use of these materials by foreign language teachers in the classes is a topical issue. As a result, teachers may encounter problems related to lack of suitable language teaching materials. An important condition for solving the problem is the use of OER, which helps the teacher to develop students’ required skills in the learning process.
Features of the formation of educational motivation of students in a digital educational environment
Authors:   Қaзaқ инновaциялық гумaнитaрлық зaң университеті, Семей, Қaзaқстaн, Serikbayeva N. , Rakhimgalieva P. ,   Қaзaқ инновaциялық гумaнитaрлық зaң университеті, Семей, Қaзaқстaн, Suleimenova Zh. ,   Л.Н.Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті, Нұр-Сұлтан, Қазақстан
Published: August 2021

The content of the article is aimed at a comparative analysis of the level of formation of educational motivation of students in accordance with the development of digital technologies. The digitalization process will make it possible to teach students in higher educational institutions remotely and in traditional form, providing for the development of human capital. Recent experience shows that 75 % of students are proficient in using digital tools, but academic motivation to study online is low. Our research was aimed at identifying the features of the change in the level of educational motivation of students in distance online learning compared to full-time education. A comparative analysis of the features of the formation of students' motivation using psychodiagnostic methods is carried out. The results of a study of 125 university students showed that the motivation of students to study remotely differs for a number of reasons. The article describes the pedagogical and psychological factors that contribute to the formation of educational motivation of students in a digital environment, and provides a quantitative analysis of the research results.
The peculiarities of the CLIL technology use in the context of distance learning in the educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Zhetpisbayeva B. , Dyakov D. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Shunkeyeva S. ,   Innovative Eurasian University Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Khamitova G. ,   Innovative Eurasian University Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
Published: August 2021

This article proposes a research vision of the problem of using CLIL training in the context of distance education in schools and universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of the research devoted to the content analysis of the integration of CLIL learning and distance learning technologies, as well as the need to identify the features and universal problems, characteristic of the practice of CLIL learning in distance learning format. The diagnosis of this problem was carried out through an online survey of school teachers and university teachers acting as experts on the implementation of CLIL training in educational institutions of the Republic. To develop a methodology and tools for online survey of teachers scientific works in the field of CLIL training and distance education technologies on the creation of educational resources and a virtual learning environment and on the sociology of education were studied. When processing the results of the survey, we used statistical and descriptive research methods. The results of the online survey confirmed the hypothesis of the study that the main problem of using CLIL technology is the problem of resource provision of the CLIL training program in the context of distance education, as well as the level of methodological and IT-training of school teachers and university teachers. Other features of using CLIL technology in a distance format are as follows: the school teachers and university teachers have an appropriate set of basic competencies of a teacher practicing CLIL training, and, at the same time, their insufficiency for the implementation of the educational process in the context of distance education and, accordingly, the need to acquire additional competencies required by the teacher for the application of CLIL technology in a distance format