bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Die intrusive Kraft in
Klassenräumen“
Authors: Jazbec Saša
Published: March 2020

Mobile Endgeräte sind mittlerweile für viele eine Selbstverständlichkeit
geworden und bestimmen unterschiedlich intensiv unser Leben. Aber wie bei allen technologischen Entwicklungen sind die Vorteile gegenüber den Nachteilen gründlich abzuwägen. Im Bildungsdiskurs kann diesbezüglich ein Paradox beobachtet werden. Obwohl viel in technologische Neuanschaffungen investiert wird und die Lehrkräfte privat regelmäßig mobile Endgeräte verwenden und sich das Leben ohne Endgeräte kaum mehr vor-stellen können, werden sie dagegen im Unterricht nur sporadisch und nicht systematisch eingesetzt. Um diese paradoxe Lage zu veranschaulichen, wird im Beitrag theoretisch erörtert und empirisch dargestellt, was das Potenzial mobiler Endgeräte im Unterricht ist und was im schulischen Kontext dieses Potenzial eingrenzt. Im theoretischen Teil werden zunächst die grundlegenden Begriffe mobile Endgeräte und Apps sowie die Kategorien von Apps dargestellt. Ferner wird auf das Medium Smartphone und seine potenzielle Wirkungsbreite eingegangen, wie etwa didaktischer Mehrwert, technische Möglichkeiten, Motivationspotenzial. Dazu werden dann noch die Grenzen seiner Wirkung speziell im Bildungsdiskurs präsentiert, wie etwa gesetzliche Regelungen, Datenschutz oder begrenzte technische Ausstattungen von Ler-nenden. Im empirischen Teil wird eine qualita-tive-inhaltliche Analyse von Meinungen einiger interviewter Lehrkräfte in Slowenien zu dem Thema Smartphones im (DaF)-Unterricht dargestellt. Daraus kann man bestimmte Ten-denzen ableiten, die für den fremdsprachlichen Unterricht relevant sind und die in der breiteren Bildungslandschaft diskutiert werden sollten.
Evolució del front marítim de la zona portuària de Barcelona de la tardoantiguitat a l’edat moderna
Authors: Riera Mora Santiago , Julià Brugués Ramon , Miró Alaix Carme
Published: March 2020

La ciutat de Barcelona està estretament vinculada al mar i per tant, la seva història està associada a la morfologia i als canvis del seu front marítim, que configuraren diferents espais portuaris. El present treball aborda l’evolució del front litoral barceloní amb l’objectiu de caracteritzar i localitzar les àrees per a fondejar els vaixells amb anterioritat a la construcció de les estructures portuàries dels segles XV-XVI. En el lòbul deltaic dret del Besòs, s’ha recollit informació sedimentològica i cronològica de més de 200 sondatges geològics, que han permès detectar l’existència de dos sectors deprimits amb presència de llims i argiles orgànics. Aquests nivells indiquen l’existència, entre l’antiguitat tardana i la baixa edat mitjana, a prop de la ciutat de Barcelona, d’espais protegits de l’onatge per barres sorrenques, amb calatges de fins a 7 m i que podrien haver constituït per tant, àrees adequades per a fondejar.
Occurrence Of Strongyloides Stercoralis In Slum Areas Of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Yasmin , Amin Al , Sehrin Subrina , Begum Aleya
Published: March 2020

The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of Strongyloidesstercoralisin three slum areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Overall prevalence of S. stercoralis incollected samples was found to be 14.68%. Other enteric parasites detected in the stoolwere Ascarislumbricoides (16.08%), Trichuristrichura (8.39%) and Enterobiusvermicularis (5.59%). Male respondents showed higher prevalence (16.66%) of S.stercoralis infection compared to female (11.32%). Age group of 41-50 years showed thehighest prevalence (44.44%) compared to other age groups. Highest infestation rate wasobserved in labors (22.22%). Mud floor house dweller showed higher prevalence ofinfestation (18.66%) compared to those in cement floor. Prevalence of S. stercoralis washighest (20.77%) in community latrine users. Supplied drinking water users also showedthe higher infection rate (15.84%). Bare footed respondents showed infection rate ofabout 16.66%, whereas 11.86% was noted in those who use shoes.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 45-50, June 2015
Plant diversity of Dhaka University campus, Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Zashim , Hassan Md Abul
Published: March 2020

The present article focuses the status of plant diversity of Dhaka University campus. A total of 541 plant species have been recorded from the campus area. These species are assigned to 117 families. For each species local name, scientific name, family and habit have been provided. Species presentation in the families varied from 1 to 26. 47% species belongs to 16 families and 53% species belongs to others 101 families. Euporbiaceae is the largest family in the Dicotyledon having 26 species whereas Liliaceae is the largest family in Monocotyledon having 18 species. Among the recorded species, 37% are represented by herbs, 29% by trees, 21% by shrubs, 11% by climbers, 2% by epiphytes and 0.2% by parasites. Plant species recorded in the campus categorized into different purpose groups. The result showed that 59% plant species represented by native species whereas 41% plant species represented by exotics. The survey spotted the presence a number of threatened species of Bangladesh in the gardent of the campus. Such species are Corypha taliera, Podocarpus nerifolia, Mangifera sylvatica, Willoughbia edulis, Hydnocarpus kurzii, Gloriosa superva, Entada redii, Hedychium coccinium and Vandopsis gigantea.J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 42(1): 49-68, June 2016
Optimizing plant density and weed control techniques in yield enhancement of mungbean
Authors: Joarder Sabbir Mahmud , Ali Md Hazrat , Hossain HMM Tariq , Chowdhury Imtiaz Faruk , Rahman Md Mahfuzar
Published: March 2020

Field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to investigate the effect of plant density and weed control techniques on yield enhancement of mungbean. The experiment consisted of two factors viz. plant densities and weed control. Plant densities were 30 cm×continuous (D1), 30 cm×5 cm (D2), 30 cm×10 cm (D3) and 30 cm×15 cm (D4) arranged in the main plot. Weed control techniques were no weeding (W0), two hand weeding at 15 and 30 DAS (W1), Topstar 80 WP @ 75 g ha-1 as pre-emergence at 3 DAS (W2) and Whip Super 9 EC @ 750 ml ha-1 at 15 and 30 DAS as post-emergence herbicide (W3) arranged in the sub plot in a split plot design. Results showed that both plant density and weed control techniques significantly influenced most of the parameters studied. It was observed that application of pre and post emergence herbicide controlled weeds effectively compared to other weed control techniques whereas weed population and weed biomass were less in 30 cmx10 cm plant density. Considering yields, combination of 30 cm×10 cm plant density with application of Topstar 80 WP (D3W2) attributed to highest seed yield (1.47 t ha-1), stover yield (1.94 t ha-1) and biological yield (3.41 t ha-1) of mungbean.J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 42(1): 107-114, June 2016
Assessment Of The Dynamics Of Coastal Island In Bangladesh Using Geospatial Techniques: Domar Char
Authors: Hossain Khandaker Tanvir , Salauddin Md , Tanim Istiaqe Ahmed
Published: March 2020

Erosion and accretion rate are found very high in the estuary of an active delta which can be observed by satellite imageries. According to the multispectral satellite imageries it is found that accretion of Domar Char (a little island belongs to Meghna estuary) was more than 1192 hectares in last 25 years. The study was conducted in five years interval from 1990 to 2015 using spatial analyst extension of ArcGIS. It is revealed that accretion rate is about 208 hectares/year and erosion is about 160 hectares/year, which indicates the dynamic nature of the island. According to Landsat imageries about 2500 hectares of land rose in five years (1990 to 1995) and again lost 2300 hectares of land in next five years (1995 to 2000). Though the total area of intertidal zone has decreased, the area of barren land, vegetation and sand dune has increased over the time.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 42(2): 219-228, December 2016
PENGARUH JUMLAH USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH DAN JUMLAH TENAGA KERJA UMKM TERHADAP SUMBANGAN PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO UMKM PERIODE TAHUN 1997 – 2016
Authors: Sidin Cecep , Indiarti Miralda
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk membuktikan adanya pengaruh varibel bebas pertama yaitu Jumlah Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) dan variabel bebas kedua yaitu Jumlah Tenaga Kerja UMKM terhadap variabel terikat yaitu Sumbangan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) UMKM sebagai salah satu indikator Perekonomian Indonesia periode tahun 1997-2016. Dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 24 didapat  hasil penelitian bahwa determinasi koefisien nilai R sebesar 0,767 dan sedangkan nilai R Square sebesar 0,588 atau 58,8%, hal ini dapat dinyatakan dengan hasil analisa secara bersama-sama variabel independen Jumlah UMKM (X1) dan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja UMKM (X2) terhadap variabel dependen Sumbangan Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) UMKM (Y) memiliki nilai positif dan tingkat persentase pengaruhnya tinggi yaitu sebesar 58,8% dan sisanya sebesar 41,2% disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor lain. Berdasarkan pada hasil uji ANOVA didapat nilai ratio - F sebesar 12,126 dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,001 karena nilai tersebut  lebih kecil dari level signifikansi α ˃ 0,01 maka Ho ditolak. Selanjutnya dapat dikatakan variabel Jumlah UMKM (X1) dan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja UMKM (X2) secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan dengan variabel Sumbangan PDB UMKM (Y) yaitu Hipotesis alternatif (Ha) terbukti.Kata kunci :  Wirausaha, UMKM, Tenaga Kerja, PDB.
HZ. HAFSA’YA NİSPET EDİLEN KIRAAT VECİHLERİNİN MÂTÜRÎDÎ TEFSİRİ BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SAYLAN Nesrişah
Published: March 2020

Hz. Peygamber’in eşlerinden biri olan Hz. Hafsa (ö. 45/665), dört büyük halif-enin ikincisi olan Hz. Ömer’in (ö. 23/644) kızıdır. Hz. Hafsa, döneminde oku-ma yazma bilen ender sahâbîlerden biridir. Hz. Hafsa’nın önemli özelliklerin-den birisi, Hz. Ebû Bekir (ö. 13/634) döneminde Mushaf haline getirilen Kur’ân âyetlerinin, Hz. Ebû Bekir’in vefatından sonra Hz. Ömer’e; ondan sonra da Hz. Hafsa’ya teslim edilmesidir. Kur’ân’ı iyi bilen, anlayan, Kur’ân’ın hıfzı ve kıraatiyle meşhur olan sahâbe arasında yer alan Hz. Hafsa, kıraat ilminde de önemli bir konumdadır. Onun kendisine ait bir mushafının bulunması ve kaynaklarda kendisine nispet edilen kıraat vecihlerinin olması bu durumu desteklemektedir. Nitekim Hz. Hafsa’ya atfedilen kıraat vecihleri kaynaklarda kaydedilmekte ve söz konusu vecihler çeşitli yönlerden değerlendirilerek âyetlerin tefsirinde ve te’vilinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu tefsirler içerisinde Hz. Haf-sa’ya nispet edilen kıraat vecihlerine en kapsamlı şekilde yer veren müfessirl-erden birisi Mâtürîdî’dir (ö. 333/944). Bizi böyle bir çalışmaya yönlendiren nedenlerden biri Mâtürîdî tefsirinde Hz. Hafsa’ya nispet edilen kıraat vecih-lerinin çokça yer almasıdır. Nitekim Mâtürîdî, Hz. Hafsa’ya atfedilen kıraat vecihlerini âyetin farklı şekilde yorumlanması, kelimenin anlamını açıklama, âyetteki kapalılığı giderme, âyetle ilgili zikredilen görüşleri destekleme gibi kıraat-tefsir ilişkisi bağlamında kullanmıştır.
VAHDETİN İNŞASINDA VAHİY VE HZ. PEYGAMBER
Authors: ÜNAL Yavuz
Published: March 2020

Birlik ve bir olma veya bütünleşme anlamında kullanılan Vahdet, farklı özellikle-ri olan bireylerden oluşan, ancak parçalarının özel anlamından ziyade, bütü-nün yapısını, fonksiyonunu ve değerini ifade eden yapısal bir olgudur. Müslü-man bireyin farkındalığı ve eğitilmesiyle başlayan süreç, sosyal yaşam için bir zo-runluluk olarak görülmektedir. Bu durum vahdete ilişkin özel hassasiyetlere vurgu yapılmasını ve özel hukuk inşa edilmesini gerekli kılmıştır. Bütün içinde parçanın varlığının söz konusu olmadığı bina metaforuyla anlatılan vahdette, müminler birbirlerini kuşatmaktadırlar. Diğer parçalardan biri olan kardeşi yar-dımsız bırakmama, onu terk etmeme, onu hakir görmeme vb. ahlaki ilkelerle kuşatılan ilişki ağında, ilgisiz olmak ya da irtibatı kesmek cahiliye ölümü üzere ölmek olarak tasvir edilmektedir. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v.)’in başlattığı, hulefa-i raşidin döneminde de kurumsalla-şan İslam’ın uygulamasıyla ortaya çıkan yaşam biçimi ve toplumsal barış, sonra-ki dönemlerde modellenmesi arzu edildiği için, asr-ı saadet tabiriyle ifade edilmiştir.
Maraş'ın Örgütlü Bir Şekilde Savunulması
Authors: EYİCİL Ahmet
Published: March 2020

Maraş, 22 Şubat-30 Ekim 1919 tarihleri arasında İngiliz, 31 Ekim 1919-11 Şubat 1920 tarihleri arasında Fransız işgali altında kaldı. İşgalci devletlere karşı şehri savunmak için Heyet-i Temsiliye Başkanı Atatürk, 31 Ekim 1919’da Kuvayı Milliye’yi kurdurdu. Fransızlara karşı koyacak Kuvayı Milliye’nin çekirdek kadrosunu 23 Aralık 1919’da oluşturdu (Gönen, 2005:122). Bu çekirdek kadro Üsteğmen Asaf takma adıyla Yüzbaşı Kılıç Ali Bey ve Kurtoğlu Selim lakabıyla tanınan Yüzbaşı Yürük Selim Bey idi. Bu arada savunmayı başarılı bir şekilde yürütmek için Maraş, 3. Kolordu Komutanı Selahattin Bey komutasına bağlandı. Savunma sırasında gelişmeler hakkında Atatürk’e düzenli bir şekilde ayrıntılı bilgiler verildi. 22 gün süren Maraş savunması düzenli ve disiplinli bir şekilde yürütüldü. Ayrıca gereği kadar silah ve mühimmat temin edildi. Gizlilik esası içinde yürütülen bu düzenli savunma, halkın kendisini savunması şeklinde gösterildi. İşgalcilerin tutumlarından memnun olmayan halkın da katkılarıyla Maraş savunması zaferle sonuçlandı.
PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN NYERI LEHER DAN PUNGGUNG BAWAH DENGAN PEREGANGAN MANDIRI PADA PEGAWAI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN NEGERI 10 CAWANG
Authors: Anggiat Lucky , Budhyanti Weeke , Juwita Citra Puspa
Published: March 2020

Gangguan umum muskuloskeletal yang terjadi pada guru adalah nyeri leher dan nyeri punggung bawah yang disebabkan duduk atau bekerja pada posisi statis sehingga memicu terjadinya cedera tertarik berulang. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan oleh Prodi Fisioterapi UKI untuk meminimalkan risiko tersebut pada para pegawai Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 10 Cawang sebagai mitra pada program ini. Metode yang akan dilakukan pada kegiatan ini adalah dengan memberikan edukasi berupa penyuluhan, pemeriksaan ketidaknyamanan, dan memberikan penanganan mandiri berupa peregangan mandiri yang diajarkan kepada guru dan dapat dilakukan secara mandiri. Kegiatan pemeriksaan umum dilakukan dengan mengisikan kuisioner. Penanganan yang diberikan adalah edukasi melalui penyuluhan dan memberikan buku panduan peregangan. Pegawai yang mengikuti penyuluhan berjumlah 29 orang. Pada pemeriksaan awal didapati 16 orang mengalami nyeri leher dan 18 orang mengalami nyeri punggung bawah. Setelah dua bulan, didapati penuruan jumlah kejadian nyeri leher dan punggung bawah sebanyak 8 orang. Sebanyak 27 dari 29 mengaku mendapat manfaat melalui program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan. Dengan pelaksanaan penyuluhan peregangan mandiri disimpulkan terdapat penurunan prevalensi kejadian nyeri leher dan nyeri punggung bawah pada pegawai SMKN 10 Cawang.
Mathematical Cognition and Big Data Analytics: Are Sarawak Teachers Ready?
Authors: Hamarah Claudius Mitchell , Mohamad Fitri Suraya
Published: March 2020

To remain relevant in Sarawak’s Digital Economy Agenda (2018-2020), Mathematics teachers in Sarawak need to align their content with current expectations for the future workforce in the state. Big data analytics is a crucial driver to the Digital Economy Agenda, as it is stipulated to intensify economic growth in Sarawak. To be fluent in big data analytics, one has to master mathematical cognition. This study investigates the readiness of Mathematics teachers in urban and rural Sarawak, to highlight mathematical cognition in their teaching, to prepare their students for the requirements of big data analytics for the digital economy in Sarawak. The participants are 38 teachers who are currently teaching mathematics in primary and secondary schools from urban and rural areas across Sarawak. Data was collected using an online survey that was distributed via social media. It was found that there was no difference in the choices of teaching strategies used by mathematics teachers in Sarawak despite multiple demographic factors such as gender of their students, types of school, districts and years of teaching experience. Teachers were fully aware of the digital economy agenda, and they were conscious of the current state of their students who were deemed still unprepared to take part in the Sarawak Digital Economy Agenda.

Keywords: Mathematics; Mathematical cognition; Big data analytics; Digital economy
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penjualan Kredit Buku Cetak (Studi Kasus : CV ASRI MANDIRI)
Authors: Vidiasari Ayu , Darwis Dedi
Published: March 2020

This study aims to manage credit sales data on CV Asri Mandiri to facilitate the management of credit data and generate reports periodically. Another objective is to implement a web-based text book credit system on CV Asri Mandiri and to test the system using ISO 25010. The method used in this research is data collection where interviews and observations are carried out on CV Asri Mandiri, as well as literature studies on journals or books related to credit information systems.The results achieved are a web-based application selling books on CV Asri Mandiri. This application uses Dreamweaver and MySQL as a database, the system built can generate sales reports ordered by customers. The results of ISO 25010 testing that has been carried out involving 13 respondents showed the overall quality of the feasibility of the software produced in this study with a percentage of
96.06%.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelola data penjualan secara kredit pada CV Asri Mandiri sehingga dapat mempermudah dalam pengelolaan data kredit dan menghasilkan laporan secara periode. Tujuan lainnya yaitu mengimplementasikan sistem kredit buku cetak pada CV Asri Mandiri berbasis web dan melakukan pengujian menggunakan ISO 25010. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode pengumpulan data dimana melakukan wawancara dan observasi pada CV Asri Mandiri, melakukan studi pustaka tentang jurnal atau buku terkait dengan sistem informasi kredit dan mendapat beberapa dokumentasi. Hasil yang dicapai adalah sebuah aplikasi berbasis web penjualan buku pada CV Asri Mandiri. Aplikasi ini menggunakan dreamweaver dan mysql sebagai database, Sistem yang dibangun dapat menghasilkan laporan penjualan yang dipesanan pelanggan. Hasil pengujian ISO 25010 yang telah dilakukan dengan melibatkan 13 responden bahwa kesimpulan kualitas kelayakan perangkat lunak yang dihasilkan secara keseluruhan dengan persentase 96,06%.

Kata Kunci : Penjualan Kredit, Berbasis Web, ISO 25010
Gambaran Strata Posyandu di Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Ridzkyanto Ricko Pratama
Published: March 2020

Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) is a form of community-based health efforts that is managed and organized from, by, for, and with the community in terms of empowering the community and providing facilities to the public in obtaining basic health services. The purpose of this study was to determine the Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) levels in Mumbulsari District, Jember Regency. This type of research includes quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional research design. The sample in this study was all Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) in Mumbulsari Subdistrict, Jember Regency, with 78 Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) using a sampling technique that is total sampling. The results showed that in Mumbulsari Subdistrict, there were 78 Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) consisting of 4 (5.13%) madya, 54 (69.23%) purnama, and 20 (25.64%) mandiri. Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) institutions include decree and organizational structure, while Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) management includes input, process, and output. Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) expects that an increasing level from year to year by paying attention to aspects of management such as written work plans, infrastructure, financial support, and training for cadres

Keywords: Community-Based Health Efforts (UKBM); Integrated Healthcare Center

ABSTRAK

Posyandu merupakan salah satu bentuk Upaya Kesehatan Bersumber Daya Masyarakat (UKBM) yang dikelola dan diselenggarakan dari, oleh, untuk dan bersama masyarakat dalam hal memberdayakan masyarakat dan memberikan kemudahan kepada masyarakat dalam memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan dasar. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui strata posyandu di Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember. Jenis penelitian termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh posyandu di Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember sebanyak 78 posyandu dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa di Kecamatan Mumbulsari terdapat 78 posyandu terdiri dari 4 (5,13%) posyandu madya, 54 (69,23%) posyandu purnama, dan 20 (25,64%) posyandu mandiri. Kelembagaan posyandu meliputi surat keputusan posyandu dan struktur orgnisasi posyandu sedangkan pengelolaan posyandu meliputi input, proses, dan output. Diharapkan terjadi peningkatan strata posyandu dari tahun ke tahun dengan memperhatikan aspek pengelolaan posyandu seperti rencana kerja tertulis, sarana prasarana, dukungan dana, serta pelatihan untuk kader

Kata kunci: UKBM; posyandu
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) Extracts Containing Carnosic Acid and Carnosol are Potent Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus Virulence
Authors: Nakagawa Seitaro , Hillebrand Greg G. , Nunez Gabriel
Published: March 2020

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and a common cause of skin infection. S. aureus also plays a role in the pathogenesis of the chronic inflammatory skin disease, atopic dermatitis. S. aureus virulence involves activation of the quorum sensing agr operon. In this paper, we show that the diterpene carnosic acid, present in R. officinalis L. (rosemary) leaves, is a specific inhibitor of S. aureus agr expression as low as 5 μM. Carnosol and rosmarinic acid are two other phytochemicals present in rosemary leaves. Carnosol, but not rosmarinic acid, is also a potent agr expression inhibitor. Natural rosemary extracts containing carnosic acid and carnosol inhibit S. aureus agr expression, both in luciferase reporter strains and in wild type strains isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis. Specific inhibition of S. aureus virulence using topical formulations of rosemary extract may offer a practical approach to preventing and treating flares of atopic dermatitis.
Density Correction of NRLMSISE-00 in the Middle Atmosphere (20–100 km) Based on TIMED/SABER Density Data
Authors: Cheng Xuan , Yang Junfeng , Xiao Cunying , Hu Xiong
Published: March 2020

This paper describes the density correction of the NRLMSISE-00 using more than 15 years (2002–2016) of TIMED/SABER satellite atmospheric density data from the middle atmosphere (20–100 km). A bias correction factor dataset is established based on the density differences between the TIMED/SABER data and NRLMSISE-00. Seven height nodes are set in the range between 20 and 100 km. The different scale oscillations of the correction factor are separated at each height node, and the spherical harmonic function is used to fit the coefficients of the different timescale oscillations to obtain a spatiotemporal function at each height node. Cubic spline interpolation is used to obtain the correction factor at other non-node heights. The spatiotemporal correction function depends on six key parameters, including height, latitude, longitude, local time, day, and year. The evaluation results show that the spatiotemporal correction function proposed in this paper achieves a good correction effect on the atmospheric density of NRLMSISE-00. The correction effect becomes more pronounced as the height increases. After correction, the relative error of the model decreased by 40%–50% in July, especially at ±40° N in the 80–100 km region. The correction effect of the spatiotemporal correction function under different geomagnetic activity may have some potential relationships with geomagnetic activities. During geomagnetic storms, the relative errors in atmospheric density at 100, 70, and 32 km decrease from 41.21%, 22.09%, and 3.03% to −9.65%, 2.60%, and 1.44%, respectively, after correction. The relative errors in atmospheric density at 100, 70, and 32 km decrease from 68.95%, 21.02%, and 3.56% to 3.49%, 2.20%, and 1.77%, respectively, during the geomagnetic quiet period. The correction effect during the geomagnetic quiet period is better than that during geomagnetic storms at a height of 100 km. The subsequent effects of geomagnetic activity will be considered, and the atmospheric density during magnetic storms and quiet periods will be corrected separately near 100 km. The ability of the model to characterize the mid-atmosphere (20–100 km) is significantly improved compared with the pre-correction performance. As a result, the corrected NRLMSISE-00 can provide more reliable atmospheric density data for scientific researches and engineering fields, such as data analysis, instrument design, and aerospace vehicles.
Effect of Magnetic Field Arrangement of Facing Targets Sputtering (FTS) System on Controlling Plasma Confinement
Authors: Kim Sangmo , Kim Kyung Hwan
Published: March 2020

Conventional sputtering method uses a single cathode with a permanent magnet. Facing targets sputtering (FTS) methods consists of two cathodes. Because of a unique structure, FTS can prepare high quality films with low temperature and low plasma damage. During the film sputtering process, density and confinement of discharged plasma depend on the arrangement of a permanent magnet in the cathode. In this study, we designed two types of permanent magnet arrangements in the FTS system and the designed permanent magnet was inserted into two cathodes in the FTS system. The system was operated in different permanent magnet conditions, and their discharge voltage and properties of as-grown films were recorded. In the designed FTS, compared to a conventional magnetron sputtering method, the substrate temperature increased to a value under 80 °C, which is relatively low, even though the films’ sputtering process was completed.
Nano-Grain Ni/ZrO2 Functional Gradient Coating Fabricated by Double Pulses Electrodeposition with Enhanced High Temperature Corrosion Performance
Authors: Ge Wen , He Taisong , Wang Meijiao , Li Jiamei
Published: March 2020

Functional gradient materials (FGM) have many excellent properties, and high-performance gradient coating exhibits good prospective application. In this paper, the nano-grain Ni/ZrO2 gradient coating was prepared by double pulse electrodeposition (BP). The surface morphology, crystal structure and electrochemical corrosion resistance of the nano-grain Ni/ZrO2 coating and Ni coating, annealed at different temperatures (400–800 °C), have been compared. In the vertical direction to the substrate surface, the content of ZrO2 increases from 0% to 34.99%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the average crystal size of Ni/ZrO2 gradient coating gradually increases from 13.75 to 27.75 nm, and the crystal structure is a face-centered cubic (FCC). The main crystal orientation faces are (111) and (200), while the (200) face exhibited a stronger preferred orientation. Compared with the Ni coating by scanning electron microscopy, the surface morphology of double pulse fabricated Ni/ZrO2 gradient coating was revealed as being smoother, denser, and having fewer pores, and the crystal particle size distribution became narrow. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that the chemical binding states of elements Ni and Zr have been altered. The binding energies of 2p3/2 and 2p1/2 for Ni have been increased, resulting in a higher electron donor state of Ni. The binding energy of 3d5/2 and 3d3/2 of Zr4+ in ZrO2 is decreased, thus becoming better electron acceptors. Chemical bonding has been formed at the Ni/ZrO2 interface. This study demonstrated that double pulse electrodeposition is a promising fabrication method for functional gradient coatings for high temperature applications.
Photon Detection as a Process of Information Gain
Authors: Müller J Gerhard
Published: March 2020

Making use of the equivalence between information and entropy, we have shown in a recent paper that particles moving with a kinetic energy ε carry potential information i p o t ( ε , T ) = 1 ln ( 2 ) ε k B   T relative to a heat reservoir of temperature T . In this paper we build on this result and consider in more detail the process of information gain in photon detection. Considering photons of energy E p h and a photo-ionization detector operated at a temperature T D , we evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio S N ( E p h , T D ) for different detector designs and detector operation conditions and show that the information gain realized upon detection, i r e a l ( E p h , T D ) , always remains smaller than the potential information i p o t ( E p h , T D ) carried with the photons themselves, i.e.,: i r e a l ( E p h , T D ) = 1 ln ( 2 ) ln ( S N ( E p h , T D ) ) ≤ i p o t ( E p h , T D ) = 1 ln ( 2 ) E p h k B T D   . This result is shown to be generally valid for all kinds of technical photon detectors, which shows that i p o t ( E p h , T D ) can indeed be regarded as an intrinsic information content that is carried with the photons themselves. Overall, our results suggest that photon detectors perform as thermodynamic engines that incompletely convert potential information into realized information with an efficiency that is limited by the second law of thermodynamics and the Landauer energy bounds on information gain and information erasure.
Generalized Term Similarity for Feature Selection in Text Classification Using Quadratic Programming
Authors: Lim Hyunki , Kim Dae-Won
Published: March 2020

The rapid growth of Internet technologies has led to an enormous increase in the number of electronic documents used worldwide. To organize and manage big data for unstructured documents effectively and efficiently, text categorization has been employed in recent decades. To conduct text categorization tasks, documents are usually represented using the bag-of-words model, owing to its simplicity. In this representation for text classification, feature selection becomes an essential method because all terms in the vocabulary induce enormous feature space corresponding to the documents. In this paper, we propose a new feature selection method that considers term similarity to avoid the selection of redundant terms. Term similarity is measured using a general method such as mutual information, and serves as a second measure in feature selection in addition to term ranking. To consider balance of term ranking and term similarity for feature selection, we use a quadratic programming-based numerical optimization approach. Experimental results demonstrate that considering term similarity is effective and has higher accuracy than conventional methods.
Robust Regression with Density Power Divergence: Theory, Comparisons, and Data Analysis
Authors: Riani Marco , Atkinson Anthony C. , Corbellini Aldo , Perrotta Domenico
Published: March 2020

Minimum density power divergence estimation provides a general framework for robust statistics, depending on a parameter α , which determines the robustness properties of the method. The usual estimation method is numerical minimization of the power divergence. The paper considers the special case of linear regression. We developed an alternative estimation procedure using the methods of S-estimation. The rho function so obtained is proportional to one minus a suitably scaled normal density raised to the power α . We used the theory of S-estimation to determine the asymptotic efficiency and breakdown point for this new form of S-estimation. Two sets of comparisons were made. In one, S power divergence is compared with other S-estimators using four distinct rho functions. Plots of efficiency against breakdown point show that the properties of S power divergence are close to those of Tukey’s biweight. The second set of comparisons is between S power divergence estimation and numerical minimization. Monitoring these two procedures in terms of breakdown point shows that the numerical minimization yields a procedure with larger robust residuals and a lower empirical breakdown point, thus providing an estimate of α leading to more efficient parameter estimates.
Hard-Decision Coded Modulation for High-Throughput Short-Reach Optical Interconnect
Authors: Chen Bin , Lei Yi , Liga Gabriele , Okonkwo Chigo , Alvarado Alex
Published: March 2020

Coded modulation (CM), a combination of forward error correction (FEC) and high order modulation formats, has become a key part of modern optical communication systems. Designing CM schemes with strict complexity requirements for optical communications (e.g., data center interconnects) is still challenging mainly because of the expected low latency, low overhead, and the stringent high data rate requirements. In this paper, we propose a CM scheme with bit-wise hard-decision FEC and geometric shaping. In particular, we propose to combine the recently introduced soft-aided bit-marking decoding algorithm for staircase codes (SCCs) with geometrically-shaped constellations. The main goal of this CM scheme is to jointly boost the coding gain and provide shaping gain, while keeping the complexity low. When compared to existing CM systems based on M-ary quadrature-amplitude modulation (MQAM, M = 64 , 128 , 256 ) and conventional decoding of SCCs, the proposed scheme shows improvements of up to 0 . 83 dB at a bit-error rate of 10 - 6 in the additive white Gaussian noise channel. For a nonlinear optical fiber system, simulation results show up to 24 % reach increase. In addition, the proposed CM scheme enables rate adaptivity in single-wavelength systems, offering six different data rates between 450 Gbit/s and 666 Gbit/s.
Pathological Traits Associated to Facebook and Twitter among French Users
Authors: Verseillié Élodie , Laconi Stéphanie , Chabrol Henri
Published: March 2020

Background: With a growing number of users, social networking sites have been the subject of numerous recent studies, but little investigation has been given to their problematic use. Objectives: Our main objective was to study the relationship between psychopathological variables (i.e., personality traits, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and stress) and problematic Facebook and Twitter use. Participants and method: A sample of 1068 Internet users (Mage = 26.64; SD = 9.5) has been recruited online. Participants completed scales exploring problematic Facebook and Twitter use, and psychopathological variables. Results: Problematic Facebook and Twitter use were predicted by different pathological personality traits, regrouped in clusters in our study. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were also predictive of problematic Facebook and Twitter use but only stress explained problematic Facebook use. Gender differences have been observed. Discussion: This study highlights the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress, pathological personality traits, and problematic Facebook and Twitter use. Significant differences have been retrieved between these two uses and their relationship to psychopathology. Future research should also explore the causal relationship between social networking sites use and psychopathology and consider gender.
Effectiveness of Mobile Applications Running on Smartphones to Promote Physical Activity: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Silva Anabela G. , Simões Patrícia , Queirós Alexandra , P Rocha Nelson , Rodrigues Mário
Published: March 2020

Mobile applications reach a high number of individuals at low costs. This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of mobile application-based interventions to increase physical activity (PA) and self-efficacy and to decrease sedentarism. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs investigating the effect of PA interventions using an app compared to no intervention or traditional interventions were included. Pooled effects using the standardized mean difference (SMD) or the weighted mean difference (WMD) were calculated and the overall quality of the evidence was rated using the GRADE. Eleven studies were included. In the short term, pooled estimates showed a small and positive effect in the number of steps favoring interventions using a mobile app when compared with no interventions (WMD = 1579.04, 95%CI 454.04 to 2703.38) and with traditional interventions (WMD = 665.96, 95%CI 167.92 to 1164.00). For self-efficacy and at follow-up, results favoured traditional interventions (WMD = −8.20, 95%CI −14.25 to −2.15). Non-significant results were found for the remaining comparisons. The quality of the evidence ranged from very low to low. There is very low to low quality evidence that interventions using mobile apps running on smartphones, when combined with traditional interventions, are superior to traditional interventions in the short term. Further high-quality studies are required.
Association between Childhood Suicidal Ideation and Geriatric Depression in Japan: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Morita Ayako , Fujiwara Takeo
Published: March 2020

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are assumed to increase the risk of depression in late life via development of poor mental health conditions; however, the association between mental distress in childhood and geriatric depression has not been directly examined. This study examined the association between childhood suicidal ideation and geriatric depression, using population-based, cross-sectional survey data from 1140 community-dwelling, functionally independent older adults in Wakuya City, Japan. We assessed childhood suicidal ideation by asking the participants whether they had seriously considered attempting suicide before the age of 18, together with geriatric depression, using the Japanese version of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Poisson regression was applied to adjust for potential confounders and mediators. In total, 6.1% of the participants reported childhood suicidal ideation. After adjustment for sex, age, personality attributes and ACEs, childhood suicidal ideation was positively associated with geriatric depression prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.40, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI): 1.04–1.88). The increased PR of geriatric depression remained significant, even after further adjustment for adulthood socio-economic status, recent life stressors and current health status (PR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.02–1.88). Further prospective studies are warranted, but efforts to deliver mental health services to children with suicidal ideation potentially diminish the highly prevalent geriatric depression.
Spatio-temporal Index Based on Time Series of Leaf Area Index for Identifying Heavy Metal Stress in Rice under Complex Stressors
Authors: Tang Yibo , Liu Meiling , Liu Xiangnan , Wu Ling , Zhao Bingyu , Wu Chuanyu
Published: March 2020

Crops under various types of stresses, such as stress caused by heavy metals, drought and pest/disease exhibit similar changes in physiological-biochemical parameters (e.g., leaf area index [LAI] and chlorophyll). Thus, differentiating between heavy metal stress and nonheavy metal stress presents a great challenge. However, different stressors in crops do cause variations in spatiotemporal characteristics. This study aims to develop a spatiotemporal index based on LAI time series to identify heavy metal stress under complex stressors on a regional scale. The experimental area is located in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province. The situ measured data and Sentinel-2A images from 2017 and 2018 were collected. First, a series of LAI in rice growth stages was simulated based on the WOrld FOod STudies (WOFOST) model incorporated with Sentinel 2 images. Second, the local Moran’s I and dynamic time warping (DTW) of LAI were calculated. Third, a stress index based on spatial and temporal features (SIST) was established to assess heavy metal stress levels according to the spatial autocorrelation and temporal dissimilarity of LAI. Results revealed the following: (1) The DTW of LAI is a good indicator for distinguishing stress levels. Specifically, rice subjected to high stress levels exhibits high DTW values. (2) Rice under heavy metal stress is well correlated with high-high SIST clusters. (3) Rice plants subjected to high pollution are observed in the northwest of the study regions and rice under low heavy metal stress is found in the south. The results suggest that SIST based on a sensitive indicator of rice biochemical impairment can be used to accurately detect regional heavy metal stress in rice. Combining spatial-temporal features and spectral information appears to be a highly promising method for discriminating heavy metal stress from complex stressors.
Does the Presence of Birdsongs Improve Perceived Levels of Mental Restoration from Park Use? Experiments on Parkways of Harbin Sun Island in China
Authors: Zhu Xun , Gao Ming , Zhao Wei , Ge Tianji
Published: March 2020

Green spaces in cities and urban parks serve as central areas for mental restoration and relieving pressure, and attention to soundscapes for their mental health benefits has become more prevalent. Birdsongs are perceived to enhance the restorative benefits of urban parks. This study examines Harbin Sun Island Park, the main bird habitat in the city of Harbin with numerous types of landscapes. We used space syntax to select the appropriate path space as a carrier and the pixel grid method to quantify path space shapes. A correlation analysis of field data was also used to explore the perceived restorative effects of birdsongs heard in urban parks using scales detailing the perceived restorative effects of various visual and auditory stimuli. The results show that soundscapes can significantly improve perceived recovery benefits, and that hearing birdsongs can significantly improve the perceived restorative benefits of wetland paths; the sky index of a tour path showed a significantly negative correlation with each feature (i.e., the four featured dimensions of “charm”, “escape”, “ductility” and “compatibility” included in the recovery scale), and the soft/hard ratio showed a significantly negative correlation with each studied feature. When the sky index ranged from 13–36%, tree coverage of the vertical coverage range was 30.28–38.6%, and when the soft/hard ratio ranged from 5–21, the perceived recovery benefit was strongest.
Enhanced Public Interest in Response to the Refugee and Healthcare Crises in Greece
Authors: Kotsiou Ourania S. , Kotsios Vaios S. , Gourgoulianis Konstantinos I.
Published: March 2020

Background: The Greek National Health System (NHS) has been profoundly affected by the synergy of the economic and refugee crises. We aimed at evaluating the public interest regarding refugee and healthcare issues in Greece. Methods: Google Trends was employed to normalize traffic data on a scale from 0 to 100, presented as monthly relative search volume (RSV) for the search term queries: “refugees”, “health”, “diseases”, “hospital”, and “economic crisis” in Greece, from the period 2008 to 2020. Cross-country comparisons in selected European countries were made. Results: The analysis of RSV data showed an upward trend for the keyword “refugee”, in Greece, in the last five years, with two remarkable peaks from 2015 to 2016 and from 2019 to the present. Interest regarding refugees was more prevalent in the Aegean islands compared to the mainland. The mass influx of refugees has been linked to disease-related concerns. The search terms “hospital” and “health” have been the most popular and constantly quested topics since the beginning of the economic crisis in Greece, in 2009. Similar trends existed across Europe. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for effective public awareness of current politico-ethical and social-economic conditions. The patterns of public interest can formulate public policy.
Environmental Regulation, Tenure Length of Officials, and Green Innovation of Enterprises
Authors: Wang Fan , Feng Lili , Li Jin , Wang Lin
Published: March 2020

Many developing countries including China are implementing increasingly stringent environmental regulations to achieve sustainable development. However, we have limited understanding about whether environmental regulations promote enterprise green innovation. To address this research gap, this study empirically analyzes the impact of environmental regulations, which is represented by the China Environmental Protection Law (2015), on enterprise green innovation, and it explores the moderating effects of official tenure on environmental regulations and corporate green innovation. The Super-Slacks-based Measure (Super-SBM) model and multiple nonlinear regression model are employed to analyze sample data of 3557 firms in China’s A-share market during the 2014–2017 period. Our results show that, in general, a higher intensity of environmental regulations is more beneficial to incentivize enterprises to implement green innovation. Meanwhile, there is an inverted U-type relationship between the tenure length of officials and green innovation of enterprises. Furthermore, the tenure length of officials plays an inverted U-shaped role in regulating the impact of environmental regulations on enterprise green innovation. Overall, this study can help us better understand the politics behind enterprises green innovation in countries like China.
Healthcare Digitalization and Pay-For-Performance Incentives in Smart Hospital Project Financing
Authors: Moro Visconti Roberto , Morea Donato
Published: March 2020

This study aims to explore the impact of healthcare digitalization on smart hospital project financing (PF) fostered by pay-for-performance (P4P) incentives. Digital platforms are a technology-enabled business model that facilitates exchanges between interacting agents. They represent a bridging link among disconnected nodes, improving the scalable value of networks. Application to healthcare public–private partnerships (PPPs) is significant due to the consistency of digital platforms with health issues and the complexity of the stakeholder’s interaction. In infrastructural PPPs, public and private players cooperate, usually following PF patterns. This relationship is complemented by digitized supply chains and is increasingly patient-centric. This paper reviews the literature, analyzes some supply chain bottlenecks, addresses solutions concerning the networking effects of platforms to improve PPP interactions, and investigates the cost–benefit analysis of digital health with an empirical case. Whereas diagnostic or infrastructural technology is an expensive investment with long-term payback, leapfrogging digital applications reduce contingent costs. “Digital” savings can be shared by key stakeholders with P4P schemes, incentivizing value co-creation patterns. Efficient sharing may apply network theory to a comprehensive PPP ecosystem where stakeholding nodes are digitally connected. This innovative approach improves stakeholder relationships, which are re-engineered around digital platforms that enhance patient-centered satisfaction and sustainability. Digital technologies are useful even for infectious disease surveillance, like that of the coronavirus pandemic, for supporting massive healthcare intervention, decongesting hospitals, and providing timely big data.