bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the virtues and pitfalls of combined laser ablation Rb–Sr biotite and U–Pb monazite–zircon geochronology: an example from the isotopically disturbed Cape Woolamai Granite, SE Australia
Authors: Baggott Kaitlin , Jacobsen Yona , Nebel Oliver , Mulder Jack , Raveggi Massimo , Wang Xue-Ying , Vandenburg Eric , Lim Hoseong , Rogers Angus , Etschmann Barbara , Whitmore Ross , Churchus Alexandra , Jennings Lauren
Published: July 2023

Different mineral clocks in granite can provide age information reflecting various aspects of rock formation, including cooling or post-emplacement fluid–rock interaction. However, the dating tool chosen can yield inconclusive age information due to differences in closure temperatures and susceptibility to fluid alteration among chronometers. This has led to an inferred superiority of U–Pb in zircon over U–Pb in monazite or Rb–Sr in mica. Here, we investigate age systematics using Rb–Sr biotite grains, U–Pb in monazite and zircon in a Devonian granite from Australia. Single-grain laser ablation ICP-MS/MS biotite analyses are combined with zircon–monazite U–Pb ages and trace element systematics. Textural and trace element evidence combined with age systematics reveals a Rb–Sr closure age of
c.
360–330 Ma relative to a putative 364 Ma emplacement age, suggesting hydrothermal alteration of the granite. Trace element systematics and magnetic susceptibility in biotite grains reflect their partial chemical reset and fluid overprint in the granite. However, similar systematics are also observed for zircon and monazite. Our multiple chronometer dating approach, studied with modern laser-ablation methods, highlights the need for detailed investigation of isotope and trace element systematics in single grains and that individual ages should be used cautiously when dating altered granitoids.
PAGE: Parallel Scalable Regionalization Framework
Authors: Alrashid Hussah , Liu Yongyi , Magdy Amr
Published: July 2023

Regionalization techniques group spatial areas into a set of homogeneous regions to analyze and draw conclusions about spatial phenomena. A recent regionalization problem, called MP-regions, groups spatial areas to produce a maximum number of regions by enforcing a user-defined constraint at the regional level. The MP-regions problem is NP-hard. Existing approximate algorithms for MP-regions do not scale for large datasets due to their high computational cost and inherently centralized approaches to process data. This article introduces a parallel scalable regionalization framework (
PAGE
) to support MP-regions on large datasets. The proposed framework works in two stages. The first stage finds an initial solution through randomized search, and the second stage improves this solution through efficient heuristic search. To build an initial solution efficiently, we extend traditional spatial partitioning techniques to enable parallelized region building without violating the spatial constraints. Furthermore, we optimize the region building efficiency and quality by tuning the randomized area selection to trade off runtime with region homogeneity. The experimental evaluation shows the superiority of our framework to support an order of magnitude larger datasets efficiently compared to the state-of-the-art techniques while producing high-quality solutions.
Autonomous Vehicles for All?
Authors: Khan Sakib Mahmud , Salek M Sabbir , Harris Vareva , Comert Gurcan , Morris Eric A. , Chowdhury Mashrur
Published: July 2023

The traditional build-and-expand approach is not a viable solution to keep roadway traffic rolling safely, so technological solutions, such as autonomous vehicles (AVs), are favored. AVs have considerable potential to increase the carrying capacity of roads, ameliorate the chore of driving, improve safety, provide mobility for those who cannot drive, and help the environment. However, they also raise concerns over whether they are socially responsible, taking into account issues such as fairness, equity, and transparency. Regulatory bodies have focused on AV safety, cybersecurity, privacy, and legal liability issues, but have failed to adequately address social responsibility. Thus, existing AV developers do not have to embed social responsibility factors in their proprietary technology. Adverse bias may therefore occur in the development and deployment of AV technology. For instance, an artificial intelligence-based pedestrian detection application used in an AV may, in limited lighting conditions, be biased to detect pedestrians who belong to a particular racial demographic more efficiently compared to pedestrians from other racial demographics. Also, AV technologies tend to be costly, with a unique hardware and software setup which may be beyond the reach of lower-income people. In addition, data generated by AVs about their users may be misused by third parties such as corporations, criminals, or even foreign governments. AVs promise to dramatically impact labor markets, as many jobs that involve driving will be made redundant. We argue that the academic institutions, industry firms, and government agencies overseeing AV development and deployment must act proactively to ensure that AVs serve all and do not increase the digital divide in our society.
Pharmacogenomics Beyond Single Common Genetic Variants: The Way Forward
Authors: Lauschke Volker M. , Zhou Yitian , Ingelman-Sundberg Magnus
Published: July 2023

Interindividual variability in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, receptors, and human leukocyte antigens has a major impact on a patient's response to drugs with regard to efficacy and safety. Enabled by both technological and conceptual advances, the field of pharmacogenomics is developing rapidly. Major progress in omics profiling methods has enabled novel genotypic and phenotypic characterization of patients and biobanks. These developments are paralleled by advances in machine learning, which have allowed us to parse the immense wealth of data and establish novel genetic markers and polygenic models for drug selection and dosing. Pharmacogenomics has recently become more widespread in clinical practice to personalize treatment and to develop new drugs tailored to specific patient populations. In this review, we provide an overview of the latest developments in the field and discuss the way forward, including how to address the missing heritability, develop novel polygenic models, and further improve the clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics.
Exercise blood pressure and heart rate responses to graded exercise testing in intermediate versus morning chronotypes with obesity
Authors: Remchak Mary-Margaret E. , Dosik Jaclyn K. , Pappas Gregory , Gow Andrew J. , Shah Ankit M. , Malin Steven K.
Published: July 2023

This study compares blood pressure and heart rate responses with graded, incremental exercise between morning and intermediate chronotype adults with obesity. Herein, blood pressure responses to exercise were elevated in intermediate compared with morning chronotype, although V̇o2max abolished this observation. However, heart rate responses to exercise were higher in intermediate vs. morning chronotypes independent of fitness. Collectively, this exercise hemodynamic response among intermediate chronotype may be related to reduced aerobic fitness, altered nitric oxide metabolism, and/or elevated aortic waveforms.
Influence of exercise training on the left atrium: implications for atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke
Authors: Elliott Adrian D. , Ariyaratnam Jonathan , Howden Erin J. , La Gerche Andre , Sanders Prashanthan
Published: July 2023

The left atrium (LA) plays a critical role in receiving pulmonary venous return and modulating left ventricular (LV) filling. With the onset of exercise, LA function contributes to the augmentation in stroke volume. Due to the growing focus on atrial imaging, there is now evidence that structural remodeling and dysfunction of the LA is associated with adverse outcomes including incident cardiovascular disease. In patients with established disease, pathological changes in atrial structure and function are associated with exercise intolerance, increased hospital admissions and mortality, independent of left ventricular function. Exercise training is widely recommended in patients with cardiovascular disease to improve patient outcomes and maintain functional capacity. There are widely documented changes in LV function with exercise, yet less attention has been given to the LA. In this review, we first describe LA physiology at rest and during exercise, before exploring its association with cardiac disease outcomes including atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke. The adaptation of the LA to short- and longer-term exercise training is evaluated through review of longitudinal studies of exercise training in healthy participants free of cardiovascular disease and athletes. We then consider the changes in LA structure and function among patients with established disease, where adverse atrial remodeling may be implicated in the disease process. Finally, we consider important future directions for assessment of atrial structure and function using novel imaging modalities, in response to acute and chronic exercise.
Data from Phase 1 Study of Acalabrutinib Plus Danvatirsen (AZD9150) in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Including Circulating Tumor DNA Biomarker Assessment
Authors: Roschewski Mark , Patel Manish R. , Reagan Patrick M. , Saba Nakhle S. , Collins Graham P. , Arkenau Hendrik-Tobias , de Vos Sven , Nuttall Barret , Acar Melih , Burke Kathleen , White Rafael D. , Udriste Maria , Sharma Shringi , Dougherty Brian , Stetson Daniel , Jenkins David , Mortlock Andrew , Forcina Alessandra , Munugalavadla Veerendra , Flinn Ian
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Novel targeted and immunotherapies have improved outcomes in relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), but toxicities limit widespread use. The selective Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor acalabrutinib has activity in patients with R/R DLBCL, but durable responses are uncommon. STAT3 inhibition has demonstrated clinical activity in DLBCL. Methods: Final results of the Phase 1 study of acalabrutinib plus STAT3 inhibitor (danvatirsen; AZD9150) in patients with R/R DLBCL are reported. Danvatirsen 200 mg intravenous infusion (Days 1, 3, 5 [Cycle 1]; weekly infusions starting Day 8, Cycle 1) was administered in combination with oral acalabrutinib 100 mg twice daily until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoints were safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints included efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Results: Seventeen patients received combination treatment. One dose-limiting toxicity (Grade 3 liver transaminase) occurred in one patient. The most common reason for treatment discontinuation was PD (65%). In evaluable patients (n=17), objective response rate was 24%; median duration of response was 1.9 months. All responders with available DLBCL cell-of-origin data were either activated B-cell or nongerminal center B-cell like subtype. Genetic subtype did not correlate with response. Baseline and longitudinal plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations were mostly higher in nonresponding patients. cfDNA changes were generally concordant with imaging. Pretreatment circulating B-cell levels were higher in responders versus nonresponders. Conclusion: Targeting both STAT3 and BTK in combination is safe and tolerable but efficacy is limited in R/R DLBCL. Results support evaluation of circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for clinical response.
Development and Assessment of an Artificial Intelligence-Based Tool for Ptosis Measurement in Adult Myasthenia Gravis Patients Using Selfie Video Clips Recorded on Smartphones
Authors: Lootus Meelis , Beatson Lulu , Atwood Lucas , Bourdais Theo , Steyaert Sandra , Sarabu Chethan , Framroze Zeenia , Dickinson Harriet , Steels Jean-Christophe , Lewis Emily , Shah Nirav R. , Rinaldo Francesca
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. Ptosis (eyelid drooping) occurs due to fatigue of the muscles for eyelid elevation and is one symptom widely used by patients and healthcare providers to track progression of the disease. Margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) is an accepted clinical measure of ptosis and is typically assessed using a hand-held ruler. In this work, we develop an AI model that enables automated measurement of MRD1 in self-recorded video clips collected using patient smartphones. Methods: A 3-month prospective observational study collected a dataset of video clips from patients with MG. Study participants were asked to perform an eyelid fatigability exercise to elicit ptosis while filming “selfie” videos on their smartphones. These images were collected in nonclinical settings, with no in-person training. The dataset was annotated by non-clinicians for (1) eye landmarks to establish ground truth MRD1 and (2) the quality of the video frames. The ground truth MRD1 (in millimeters, mm) was calculated from eye landmark annotations in the video frames using a standard conversion factor, the horizontal visible iris diameter of the human eye. To develop the model, we trained a neural network for eye landmark detection consisting of a ResNet50 backbone plus two dense layers of 78 dimensions on publicly available datasets. Only the ResNet50 backbone was used, discarding the last two layers. The embeddings from the ResNet50 were used as features for a support vector regressor (SVR) using a linear kernel, for regression to MRD1, in mm. The SVR was trained on data collected remotely from MG patients in the prospective study, split into training and development folds. The model’s performance for MRD1 estimation was evaluated on a separate test fold from the study dataset. Results: On the full test fold (N = 664 images), the correlation between the ground truth and predicted MRD1 values was strong (r = 0.732). The mean absolute error was 0.822 mm; the mean of differences was −0.256 mm; and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were −0.214–1.768 mm. Model performance showed no improvement when test data were gated to exclude “poor” quality images. Conclusions: On data generated under highly challenging real-world conditions from a variety of different smartphone devices, the model predicts MRD1 with a strong correlation (r = 0.732) between ground truth and predicted MRD1.
Objective Burden and Emotional Distress of Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: BAZUS Lucie , Perge Kevin , Chatelain Pierre , Nicolino Marc
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The management of childhood type 1 diabetes requires the active participation of parents. The aim of the present study was to describe the main characteristics of parents of children with type 1 diabetes, including objective burden regarding time spent on diabetes care, emotional distress (exhaustion, need for respite, quality of life), and symptoms of depression as well as anxiety. Methods: In this observational study, parents of children with type 1 diabetes completed a questionnaire, anonymously. Different questions were asked to the parent about the objective burden of diabetes and its repercussion, their exhaustion, and their need for respite. Two validated instruments (HADS, WHOQOL-BREF) have been integrated into the questionnaire. Results: Eighty-eight parents were included in the study. Among them, 76 (86%) were mothers. All the parents with a child aged 6 years or younger (10/10) reported having to take care of their child’s diabetes twice or more a day; this was the case for 37/39 (94.9%) parents of children aged 7–13 and for 16/36 (44.4%) parents of children aged 14 years or above. In the total population, 33/86 (38.4%) parents declared getting up every night because of their child’s diabetes. The median daily time spent on diabetes management was 40 min. There were 54 parents (62.8%) who reported moderate-strong exhaustion and 27 (30.7%) who expressed a moderate-strong need for respite. Regarding the result of the HADS, 46 parents (55.4%) reported symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. Conclusion: Parents of children with type 1 diabetes must carry out multiple daily care tasks, at all times of day and night. Their emotional state can be impacted with, in particular, a risk of exhaustion. Screening for these difficulties should be a part of the overall management of a child with type 1 diabetes and his family to limit various complications.
Revisão da anatomia do sistema nervoso central de Apis mellifera: uma base teórica para estudos ecotoxicológicos
Authors: Azevedo Patricia , Nocelli Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
Published: July 2023

As abelhas são essenciais para a manutenção da variabilidade genética vegetal de plantas silvestres e cultivadas e, consequentemente, para a segurança alimentar mundial. Contudo, são altamente vulneráveis à ação neurotóxica de inseticidas, pelos quais têm como alvo de ação principal o Sistema Nervoso Central e Periférico. A busca por mudanças nas legislações vigentes para avaliação de risco e registro de agrotóxicos têm impulsionado diversos estudos ecotoxicológicos, sendo que avaliações dos impactos desses produtos em nível anatômico e celular são comumente utilizadas. Dessa forma, esta revisão buscou compilar informações essenciais da anatomia do Sistema Nervoso Central da abelha A. mellifera, espécie modelo e a mais estudada mundialmente, presentes na literatura e propõe novos esquemas, a fim de facilitar um primeiro contato do leitor com esse sistema visando orientar posteriores aprofundamentos sobre o assunto.
Emptying the Mind: Nothingness in Mahāyāna Buddhism and in the Chan Tradition
Authors: Wirtz Markus
Published: July 2023

After an introductory overview of the treatment of nothingness in Western philosophy, nothingness is addressed from the perspectives of important doctrines of Mahāyāna Buddhism, espcially the ontological concept of dependent origination (pratītya-samutpāda; yuanqi 緣起) in its interpretation by Nāgārjuna as emptiness (śūnyatā; kong 空) and the five manifestations of nothingness in the saṃbhogakāya (baoshen 報身) aspect of the trikāya (sanshen 三身). In the Chan Buddhist tradition, these crucial elements of Mahāyāna teaching have been reinterpreted as meditative tools for emptying the mind. Finally, Daoist elements of the Chan Buddhist interpretation of nothingness/ emptiness are pointed out.
Blue Cliff Record, Art of Living and Its Reception in Germany
Authors: He Teng
Published: July 2023

In the encounter between the Western and Eastern Cultures in the 20th century, the Chinese Buddhist classic Blue Cliff Record (Biyanlu 《碧巖錄》) was widely translated in Europe, especially in Germany. In the first part, this paper introduces the various German translations as well as their translators’ evaluations and discussions of the book and Chan Buddhism. In the second part, this paper argues that Blue Cliff Record represents a dynamic ontology by interpreting the Highest Meaning. In the third part, this paper will present the self-understanding and freedom addressed in Blue Cliff Record. The paper shows that Chan Buddhism is characterized by its non-duality between convention and holiness and by the self-realization in this world.
Embodied Mind and Embodied Knowing – Xin 心 and Zhi 知 in the Book of Mencius
Authors: Yao Xinzhong
Published: July 2023

The heart-mind (xin 心) in Mencius is not merely a rational faculty but a complex that contains such physical, psychological, physiological and spiritual concretes as reason, sentiment, feeling, experience and belief knowing, the study of which in the contemporary world would involve a number of modern disciplines including epistemology, metaphysics, psychology, ethics and education. In the context of Mencius, the mind is already embodied at birth and continues to function as the integration of intellectual and practical, physical and spiritual, and cognitive and behavioural qualities and activities. “Knowing” (zhi 知) in Mencius is an activity of the mind but it is not merely a cognitive process, and must not be confined to the epistemological field. It is enabled through preserving and nourishing the original mind by which a person comes to comprehend human nature and Heaven, and by which he or she becomes fully human. Therefore, the mind in Mencius is not a purely rational entity and the knowing is not merely an epistemic process. They can be understood only in terms of the embodied mind and the embodied knowing.
A taxonomic revision of the genus Tentyria Latreille, 1802 in the Peninsula and Balearic (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: BUJALANCE JOSÉ L. , FERRER JULIO , CÁRDENAS ANA M.
Published: July 2023

In this work entomological material and nomenclatural types of the Ibero-Balearic species of Tentyria Latreille, 1802 genus are revised. A reordination in groups of species and a new classification of valid species are proposed.
Thirteen groups of species including 31 species and six subspecies have been established. Seven new species of Iberian Tentyria are described and figured, including two from Portugal: Tentyria stupefacta sp. nov. and Tentyria faroensis sp. nov.; and five species from Spain: Tentyria espanoli sp. nov., Tentyria kochi sp. nov., Tentyria striatorugosa sp. nov., Tentyria castrotovari sp. nov. and Tentyria pseudogaditana sp. nov. Three new subspecies: Tentyria sinuatocollis ssp. escalerai nov., Tentyria velox ssp. serrana nov., Tentyria sublaevis ssp. cognata nov., are also described.
The true identity of 14 species historically confused is argued: Tentyria curculionoides (Herbst, 1799); Tentyria peiroleri Solier, 1835; Tentyria incerta Solier, 1835; Tentyria levis Solier, 1835; Tentyria sinuatocollis Rosenhauer, 1856; Tentyria prolixa Rosenhauer, 1856; Tentyria rugosostriata Kraatz, 1865; Tentyria corrugata Rosenhauer, 1856; Tentyria velox Chevrolat, 1865; Tentyria sublaevis Kraatz, 1865; Tentyria heydeni Haag-Rutenberg, 1870; Tentyria lateritia Reitter, 1900; Tentyria castiliana Koch, 1944; and Tentyria aragonica Koch, 1944.
The taxonomic status and the name Tentyria subrugosa Solier, 1835 have been modified because it is a primary homonym of Tentyria subrugosa Besser, 1832. Tentyria elongata Waltl, 1835 is a primary homonym of Tentyria elongata Gebler, 1829 (= Anatolica angustata (Steven, 1828)). The taxonomic status of Tentyria grossa ssp. basalis Schaufuss, 1869 is also re-established. Lectotypes of 14 species are designated; seven synonymies are established (one of them from the Italian fauna). The distribution of species is indicated and, agreeing with the new taxonomical classification, a key of species is also provided.
Long-Term Trends in Ice Fog Occurrence in the Fairbanks, Alaska, Region Based on Airport Observations
Authors: Hartl Lea , Schmitt Carl , Wong Telayna , Vas Dragos A. , Enterkin Lewis , Stuefer Martin
Published: July 2023

Ice fog typically occurs at temperatures below approximately −30°C. Ice fog formation and persistence are affected by atmospheric processes at different spatial and temporal scales and can be influenced by anthropogenic activities that add vapor to the near-surface atmosphere. Based on meteorological observations from Fairbanks International Airport and Eielson Air Force Base (Alaska) from 1948/49 to 2021/22, we provide an overview of general ice fog climatology at the sites, changes over time, and synoptic-scale upper-level weather patterns common during ice fog occurrence. On average, ice fog occurrence has decreased by 60%–70% over the study period (median number of ice fog days at Fairbanks airport in the period 1950/51–1979/80: 16.5; median in the period 1990/91–2019/20: 6). The average lengths of ice fog events and of the ice fog season have also decreased. Trends are not linear, and rates of change vary over time. The greatest reduction in ice fog occurred during the 1970s and 1980s. Trends in ice fog hours roughly track decreasing trends in hours with cold temperatures. However, the percentage of cold hours in which ice fog occurs has decreased since approximately the 1980s. This result suggests that local changes in air pollution or near-surface moisture may also play an important role in trends in ice fog occurrence. We use self-organizing maps to assess recurring synoptic-scale weather patterns in the upper atmosphere during ice fog conditions in Fairbanks. Ice fog is typically associated with a northerly flow or low pressure gradients over the study area.

Significance Statement

We aim to show when and how often ice fog occurs in the Fairbanks region, how this has changed over time, and what kind of larger-scale weather patterns are common during ice fog. Ice fog strongly reduces visibility and represents a hazard to aviation and other traffic. The number of ice fog hours and days per winter has decreased substantially over the 70-yr period of record. Ice fog is, on average, less persistent now than in the past. The reduction is related to fewer days with cold temperatures, but changes in air pollution and other local factors may also play an important role. Further study is needed to fully attribute the causes of the observed changes.
Microclimatic Variability of Cold-Season Minimum Temperatures in Michigan, United States: A Study with Implications for Insect Mortality
Authors: Kiefer Michael T. , Andresen Jeffrey A. , McCullough Deborah G. , Wieferich James B. , Keyzer Justin , Marquie Steve A.
Published: July 2023

Gridded climate datasets are used by researchers and practitioners in many disciplines, including forest ecology, agriculture, and entomology. However, such datasets are generally unable to account for microclimatic variability, particularly within sites or among individual trees. One such dataset is a recent climatology of extreme minimum temperatures in the U.S. Great Lakes region, based on the Parameter–Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) gridded temperature dataset. Development of this climatology was motivated by interest in the spatiotemporal variability of winter temperatures potentially lethal to the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) (Adelges tsugae Annand) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), an invasive insect that causes mortality of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). In this study, cold-season daily minimum temperatures were monitored at six Michigan sites varying in latitude, elevation, Great Lakes proximity, and HWA infestation status, to address two objectives. First, we documented the spatiotemporal variability in daily minimum air temperatures recorded at multiple aspects and heights on selected hemlock trees. Second, this variability was characterized in the context of the PRISM extreme minimum temperature climatology. Tree-sensor air temperatures exhibited minimal relationships with aspect but considerable sensitivity to height. Daily minimum temperatures were higher for some tree sensors positioned ≤ 0.2 m above ground level during some time periods, with overall muted temporal variability, relative to an adjacent ambient sensor. This phenomenon was attributed to the insulating effects of snow cover, because the tree–ambient sensor temperature difference was positively correlated with snow depth. Overall, results indicate that such unresolved variability warrants consideration by gridded climate dataset users.
Eosinophilic Myenteric Ganglionitis Presenting as Sigmoid Volvulus: A Brief Report
Authors: Kim Alyson , Roberson Jeffrey L. , Maguire Lillias H. , Jian Bo , Saur Nicole M.
Published: July 2023

Eosinophilic myenteric ganglionitis (EMG) is a rare pathologic finding within the Auerbach myenteric plexus characterized by eosinophilic infiltration on light microscopy. The plexus’s ultimate obliteration results in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO). EMG is almost exclusively seen in the pediatric population. The diagnosis of EMG is made through full-thickness rectal biopsy and EMG is not detectable through routine screening measures such as imaging or colonoscopy. The current treatment modality for this disorder is not standardized, and has often been treated with systemic steroids given its eosinophilic involvement. This case presents a 73-year-old male with chronic constipation presenting with new obstipation in the setting of recent orthopedic intervention requiring outpatient opioids. Admission radiographs were consistent with sigmoid volvulus. Following endoscopic detorsion, exploratory laparotomy revealed diffuse colonic dilation and distal ischemia requiring a Hartmann’s procedure. Surgical pathology revealed EMG, increasing the complexity of subsequent surgical decision-making after his urgent operation.
Creating a safer workplace: A linkage model for labour‒management partnership, psychological safety, collaborative industrial relations climate and organisational occupational and health safety performance
Authors: Huang Wei , Fu Na , Wei Wei , Gollan Paul J , Xu Cathy Ying
Published: July 2023

This study takes a mutual gains perspective to investigate how a labour‒management partnership (LMP) impacts organisational occupational and health safety (OHS) performance and creates a safe workplace. It develops a model linking employee psychological safety with a collaborative industrial relations (IR) climate and ultimately organisational OHS performance. The research context is China ‒ where LMP is driven by the Party-state in managing labour relations. To test the proposed linkage model, multi-level structural equation modelling is conducted, using matched employer‒employee data from 205 companies and 7229 employees in an industrial park in the Yangtze River Delta. The results support the use of the linkage model, demonstrating that partnership decision-making increases psychological safety, in turn developing a collaborative IR climate, ultimately reducing the number of accidents. This study contributes to partnership research by exploring the underlying mechanisms of how a partnership arising from the logic of neo-pluralism successfully delivers mutual gains for employees and employers in a non-pluralist context. It has wider implications for collaborative management and OHS management in a developing country.
Identification of Spatial Clusters of Undervaccination Patterns Among Children Aged <24 Months Using Immunization Information System Data, Montana, 2015-2019
Authors: Newcomer Sophia R. , Graham Jon , Irish Kayla , Freeman Rain E. , Leary Cindy S. , Wehner Bekki K. , Daley Matthew F.
Published: July 2023

Objective:

Spatial clustering of undervaccination leads to increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. We identified spatial clustering of undervaccination patterns among children aged <24 months in Montana.

Methods:

We used Montana’s immunization information system data to analyze deidentified vaccination records of children aged <24 months born from January 2015 through November 2017. We measured 3 outcomes that were not mutually exclusive: not completing the combined 7-vaccine series by age 24 months, having an undervaccination pattern indicative of parental hesitancy, and having an undervaccination pattern indicative of structural barriers to timely vaccination. Using geomasked residential addresses, we conducted separate Bernoulli spatial scans with a randomization P < .01 to identify spatial clusters consisting of ≥100 children for each outcome and calculated the relative risk of having the undervaccination pattern inside versus outside the cluster.

Results:

Of 31 201 children aged <24 months included in our study, 11 712 (37.5%) had not completed the combined 7-vaccine series by age 24 months, and we identified 5 spatial clusters of this outcome across Montana. We identified 4 clusters of undervaccination patterns indicative of parental vaccine hesitancy, all in western Montana. The cluster with the largest relative risk (2.3) had a radius of 23.7 kilometers (n = 762 children, P < .001). We also identified 4 clusters of undervaccination patterns indicative of structural barriers, with 3 of the largest clusters in eastern Montana.

Conclusion:

In Montana, different strategies to increase routine and timely childhood vaccination are needed in distinct areas of this large and predominantly rural state. Immunization information system data can pinpoint areas where interventions to increase vaccination uptake are needed.
The US Federal Retail Pharmacy Program: Optimizing COVID-19 Vaccine Delivery Through a Strategic Public–Private Partnership
Authors: Kim Christine , Guo Angela , Yassanye Diana , Link-Gelles Ruth , Yates Kirsten , Duggar Chris , Moore Lori , El Kalach Roua , Jones-Jack Nkenge , Walker Chastity , Gibbs Scharf Lynn , Pillai Satish K. , Patel Anita
Published: July 2023

To help achieve the initial goal of providing universal COVID-19 vaccine access to approximately 258 million adults in 62 US jurisdictions, the federal government launched the Federal Retail Pharmacy Program (FRPP) on February 11, 2021. We describe FRPP’s collaboration among the federal government, US jurisdictions, federal entity partners, and 21 national chain and independent pharmacy networks to provide large-scale access to COVID-19 vaccines, particularly in communities disproportionately affected by COVID-19 (eg, people aged ≥65 years, people from racial and ethnic minority groups). FRPP initially provided 10 000 vaccination sites for people to access COVID-19 vaccines, which was increased to >35 000 vaccination sites by May 2021 and sustained through January 31, 2022. From February 11, 2021, through January 31, 2022, FRPP vaccination sites received 293 million doses and administered 219 million doses, representing 45% of all COVID-19 immunizations provided nationwide (38% of all first doses, 72% of all booster doses). This unprecedented public–private partnership allowed the federal government to rapidly adapt and scale up an equitable vaccination program to reach adults, later expanding access to vaccine-eligible children, during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the largest federal COVID-19 vaccination program, FRPP exemplifies how public–private partnerships can expand access to immunizations during a public health emergency. Pharmacies can help meet critical national public health goals by serving as convenient access points for sustained health services. Lessons learned from this effort—including the importance of strong coordination and communication, efficient reporting systems and data quality, and increasing access to and demand for vaccine, among others—may help improve future immunization programs and support health system resiliency, emphasizing community-level access and health equity during public health emergencies.
Identifying risk factors and disease severity in leptospirosis: A meta-analysis of clinical predictors
Authors: Petakh Pavlo , Rostoka Larysa , Isevych Vitaliia , Kamyshnyi Aleksandr
Published: July 2023

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. In order to identify potential risk factors and predictors of disease severity, a meta-analysis of the clinical features of severe and non-severe leptospirosis patients was conducted. PubMed was searched to collect studies on the difference in clinical characteristics of severe and nonsevere patients, and data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V3 software. Results showed that patients with severe outcomes were more likely to have dyspnoea, oliguria, and hemorrhagic symptoms than nonsevere patients. Determining these predictors in the early stages of the disease could thus significantly reduce the development of severe cases and related mortality.
Brain-wide continuous functional ultrasound imaging for real-time monitoring of hemodynamics during ischemic stroke
Authors: Brunner Clément , Denis Nielsen Lagumersindez , Gertz Karen , Grillet Micheline , Montaldo Gabriel , Endres Matthias , Urban Alan
Published: July 2023

Ischemic stroke occurs abruptly causing sudden neurologic deficits, and therefore, very little is known about hemodynamic perturbations in the brain immediately after stroke onset. Here, functional ultrasound imaging was used to monitor variations in relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) compared to baseline. rCBV levels were analyzed brain-wide and continuously at high spatiotemporal resolution (100 μm, 2 Hz) until 70mins after stroke onset in rats. We compared two stroke models, with either a permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAo) or a tandem occlusion of both the common carotid and middle cerebral arteries (CCAo + MCAo). We observed a typical hemodynamic pattern, including a quick drop of the rCBV after MCAo, followed by spontaneous reperfusion of several brain regions located in the vicinity of the ischemic core. The severity and location of the ischemia were variable within groups. On average, the severity of the ischemia was in good agreement with the lesion volume (24 hrs after stroke) for MCAo group, while larger for the CCAo + MCAo model. For both groups, we observed that infarcts extended to initially non-ischemic regions located rostrally to the ischemic core. These regions strongly colocalize with the origin of transient hemodynamic events associated with spreading depolarizations.
Firm positionality and strategic communication: Analyzing the value of informativeness for managers
Authors: Li Xiaolin , Awan Tahir Mumtaz , Mughal Farooq
Published: July 2023

This study explored the moderating effects of price informativeness on the relationship between brand value and firm positionality. We argued that major effects for price informativeness are not confined to its direct effects on a firm’s market position or value, but in its moderating effects on brand–firm relationship. At the same time, the analysis confirmed that price informativeness can negatively moderate brand value’s influence on firm positionality. This study has significant implications for firms to strategically position and implement their communication strategies in a better way as to rapidly respond to fluctuations in the firm’s positionality.
Studyholism and Health Outcomes: Could Internet Addiction Make the Difference?
Authors: Molinaro Danila , Loscalzo Yura , Buono Carmela , Del Giudice Ludovica , Lustro Alessio , Ghislieri Chiara , Spagnoli Paola
Published: July 2023

Recently, Loscalzo and Giannini have proposed Studyholism as a possible new clinical condition, highlighting its potential antecedents and outcomes. The present study investigates the moderating role of Internet addiction in the relationship between Studyholism, academic exhaustion and insomnia. Three hundred and eighteen Italian university students (85.50% female; mean age = 22.98 ± 4.34) participated in the survey during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The two moderation models were tested using the structural equation model with Mplus 7. Results showed a significant direct effect of Studyholism on both academic exhaustion and insomnia and also confirmed the moderating role of Internet addiction in the aforementioned relationships. Although there is a linear relationship between Studyholism and the outcomes, at lower levels of Internet addiction, there is a greater effect of Studyholism on both academic exhaustion and insomnia than at medium and high levels of Internet addiction. Based on these findings, we suggest screening students who report insomnia and academic exhaustion for both Internet addiction and Studyholism, as they might both contribute to these negative health-related aspects.
Thermodynamic properties of oil droplets in oil-injected screw compressors and their influencing factors
Authors: Peng Bo , Yan Di
Published: July 2023

As a typical positive displacement compressor, screw compressors are widely used in various industrial fields with a fast-growing trend, especially with the boost of the application of oil injection technology. The oil injection process inside the screw compressor is complicated and difficult to be captured by direct observation experiment, so is the accompanying heat transfer process. On the basis of single particle dynamics, the Lagrangian method is used to establish a spatial kinematic model of oil droplets in the simplified chamber of an oil-injected screw compressor, the droplet trajectory is analyzed. The relationship between the oil droplet diameter, injection velocity and temperature and the free flight time of oil droplets in the compression chamber is obtained. In order to investigate the liquid-gas two-phase flow after oil injection, the Level Set Method is adopted to simulate the oil distribution in the compression chamber. The impacting process of oil droplet on a hot wall is simulated, the influence of oil injection parameters such as the injection speed, temperature difference, droplet diameter, and the initial velocity on the heat transfer between oil droplets and hot gas and the wall is analyzed theoretically. For the simulated cases studied, the oil droplet diameter has the greatest effect on the gas-liquid heat transfer, while the temperature difference plays a greater role in the heat transfer between the oil droplet and the hot wall than other factors. The research in this paper helps to further understand and accurately predict the heat transfer process in oil-injected screw compressors, which is important for improving the energy efficiency of screw compressor.
Die design optimization for improvement of hot forging die life
Authors: Raj Mathala Prithvi , Pramanick Ajit Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: July 2023

In the present investigation, an attempt is made to improve the hot forging die life by reducing load and wear. An approach for optimization of multi-stage hot forging die design by combining Grey–Taguchi analysis and finite elemental analysis (FEA) with tribology study is presented. As a practical example, the forging of a multi-axle differential spider is considered. The die's critical section is defined using five geometric parameters. For each geometric parameter, four levels are considered to vary the die design. Taguchi L16 design of experiments is proposed to reduce the number of experiments. Forging load and wear depth are the considered response parameters in both the blocker & finisher. An estimation of responses is done for each design using finite element simulations. The Grey–Taguchi analysis is incorporated to optimize the parameters, and regression analysis is adopted to establish a relation between input and output parameters. It is observed that the optimal die set resulted in a significant reduction of wear depth (blocker wear depth - 25% and finisher wear depth - 10%) and load (blocker load - 16%). The tribological analysis is done to validate the optimal design. For tribological analysis, the simulation data (contact pressure, sliding velocity (mm/s), and die temperature) is extracted and converted to input data (load, speed (rpm), and temperature) for the tribometer. The wear analysis reveals that the optimal die set reduces wear depth and wear volume, leading to die life improvement.
A case study on improving electric bus interior sound quality based on sensitivity analysis of psycho-acoustics parameters
Authors: Zhang Enlai , Peng Zhilong , Zhuo Jianming
Published: July 2023

The research on vehicle sound quality is an emerging and highly promising field. This paper proposes a solution for sound quality improvement based on sensitivity analysis of psycho-acoustic parameters, in which the main acoustic techniques involved include noise signal acquisition, subjective and objective evaluations, sound quality modelling and prediction, parameter sensitivity and spectral analysis, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. In addition, taking 64 noise samples of electric bus as an application case, the presented sound quality analysis steps are implemented successively, and the obtained test results of improving the whole vehicle sound quality verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Public sector employment relations: Germany in comparative perspective
Authors: Keller Berndt
Published: July 2023

The paper asks for the contribution of growth models for the explanation of public sector employment relations in Germany. The paper is subdivided into three parts. The first elaborates on long-term developments as well as forms of employment. The second part analyzes wage setting systems, that is, bilateral collective bargaining for employees and unilateral decision-making for civil servants. The third part compares the empirical outcomes of both sub-systems with the assumptions of growth models and distinguished explicitly various concepts of the state as corporate actor.
Examining the Association Between Household Enrollment in the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) and Wasting and Stunting Status Among Children Experiencing Poverty in the Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bustos Monica , Lau Lincoln L. , Kirkpatrick Sharon I. , Dubin Joel A. , Manguerra Helena , Dodd Warren
Published: July 2023

This study assessed whether enrollment in a national conditional cash transfer program was associated with wasting and stunting among children experiencing extreme poverty in the Philippines. Data were drawn from cross-sectional surveys collected from 10 regional areas in the Philippines between April 2018 and May 2019. A total of 2945 children aged between six months and 12 years comprised the analytical sample. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted to estimate the association between enrollment in Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) and stunting and wasting, controlling for sociodemographic factors and clustering by region. There was no meaningful association between household enrollment in 4Ps and the wasting status of children, but enrollment in 4Ps was associated with lower odds of stunting and differed by geography type. Findings suggest that the current design of 4Ps may not address sudden shocks that contribute to wasting, but may address the underlying socioeconomic risk factors associated with stunting.
Australian Defence Force Centre for Mental Health Second Opinion Clinic – first ten years of operation
Authors: Wallace Duncan , Meurk Carla , Moss Andrew , Heffernan Ed
Published: July 2023

Objectives

The aim is to report the operation of the Australian Defence Force Centre for Mental Health (ADFCMH) Second Opinion Clinic (SOC) after its first 10 years of operation.

Method

Demographic data and clinical data were recorded and analysed for all Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel ( n=209) seen at the clinic from 2011 to 2021.

Results

Assessment at the clinic led to a change in diagnosis from that given at the time of referral in 40.7% ( n=85) of members seen. Of the total members assessed at the SOC, 55.9% ( n=117) had been on an at least one operational deployment. Mood disorders were the most common mental disorders seen among personnel at the SOC.

Conclusions

The ADFCMH SOC is a valuable clinical resource supporting ADF health services nationally and provides an example of an effective mental health tertiary referral service.
Mediators of the Link Between Psychopathy and Sexual Coercion: The Role of Rape Myth Acceptance, Arousal, and Misperception of Sexual Interest
Authors: Bouffard Jeff A. , Miller Holly A.
Published: July 2023

The current study explores the relationship between psychopathy, cognitive distortions that could promote sexual coercion, i.e., rape myth acceptance (RMA) and misperception of sexual intent (MPSI), and one's level of sexual arousal on the intentions to use sexual coercion. Using a sample of 218 college men (aged 18–69) and a hypothetical vignette design, we examine potential direct and indirect effects of psychopathy on coercion intentions. Psychopathy directly related to coercion intentions and also operated indirectly through RMA. Furthermore, RMA was related to coercion intentions through MPSI. Implications for understanding sexual coercion pathways and prevention efforts are discussed.