bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The European Preinstrumental Earthquake Catalogue EPICA, the 1000–1899 catalogue for the European Seismic Hazard Model 2020
Authors: Rovida Andrea , Antonucci Andrea , Locati Mario
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The European PreInstrumental Earthquake CAtalogue (EPICA) (Rovida
and Antonucci, 2021; https://doi.org/10.13127/epica.1.1) is the 1000–1899
seismic catalogue compiled for the European Seismic Hazard Model 2020
(ESHM20), an outcome of the project Seismology and Earthquake Engineering
Research Infrastructure Alliance for Europe (SERA), in the framework of the
European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. EPICA is
the update of the SHARE European Earthquake Catalogue (SHEEC) 1000–1899, with
which it shares the main principles – mostly transparency, repeatability
and continent-wide harmonisation of data – as well as the compilation
strategies and methods. Version 1.1 of EPICA contains 5703 earthquakes with either maximum
intensity ≥5 or Mw≥4.0, with a spatial coverage from the Atlantic
Ocean to the west to 32∘ E in longitude, and from the
Mediterranean Sea to Northern Europe. EPICA relies upon the updated knowledge of the European preinstrumental
seismicity provided by the data gathered in the European Archive of
Historical Earthquake Data (AHEAD). Such data are both macroseismic intensity
data supplied by descriptive historical seismological studies and online
macroseismic databases, and parameters contained in regional catalogues. As
done for the compilation of SHEEC 1000–1899, these datasets were thoroughly
analysed in order to select the most representative of the knowledge of each
earthquake, independently from national constraints. Selected intensity
distributions are processed with three methods to determine location and
magnitude based on the attenuation of macroseismic intensity and are
combined with parameters harmonised from modern regional catalogues. This paper describes the compilation procedure of EPICA version 1.1, its
input data, the assessment of the earthquake parameters and the resulting
catalogue, which is finally compared with its previous version. Technical
solutions for accessing the catalogue, both as downloadable files and
through web services, are also illustrated.
A 1 km daily soil moisture dataset over China using in situ measurement and machine learning
Authors: Li Qingliang , Shi Gaosong , Shangguan Wei , Nourani Vahid , Li Jianduo , Li Lu , Huang Feini , Zhang Ye , Wang Chunyan , Wang Dagang , Qiu Jianxiu , Lu Xingjie , Dai Yongjiu
Published: November 2022

Abstract. High-quality gridded soil moisture products are essential for many Earth system science applications, while the recent reanalysis and
remote sensing soil moisture data are often available at coarse resolution
and remote sensing data are only for the surface soil. Here, we present a 1 km resolution long-term dataset of soil moisture derived through machine
learning trained by the in situ measurements of 1789 stations over China, named SMCI1.0 (Soil Moisture of China by in situ data, version 1.0). Random forest is used as a robust machine learning approach to predict soil moisture using ERA5-Land time series, leaf area index, land
cover type, topography and soil properties as predictors. SMCI1.0 provides
10-layer soil moisture with 10 cm intervals up to 100 cm deep at daily
resolution over the period 2000–2020. Using in situ soil moisture as the benchmark, two independent experiments were conducted to evaluate the estimation
accuracy of SMCI1.0: year-to-year (ubRMSE ranges from 0.041 to 0.052 and R ranges from 0.883 to 0.919) and station-to-station experiments (ubRMSE ranges from 0.045 to 0.051 and R ranges from 0.866 to 0.893). SMCI1.0 generally has advantages over other gridded soil moisture products, including ERA5-Land, SMAP-L4, and SoMo.ml. However, the high errors of soil moisture are often located in the North China Monsoon Region. Overall, the highly accurate estimations of both the
year-to-year and station-to-station experiments ensure the applicability of
SMCI1.0 to study the spatial–temporal patterns. As SMCI1.0 is based on in situ data, it can be a useful complement to existing model-based and satellite-based soil moisture datasets for various hydrological,
meteorological, and ecological analyses and models. The DOI link for the dataset is http://dx.doi.org/10.11888/Terre.tpdc.272415 (Shangguan et al., 2022).
Classification of Large-Scale Environments that drive the formation of Mesoscale Convective Systems over Southern West Africa
Authors: Nkrumah Francis , Klein Cornelia , Quagraine Kwesi Akumenyi , Berkoh-Oforiwaa Rebecca , Klutse Nana Ama Browne , Essien Patrick , Quenum Gandomè Mayeul Leger Davy , Koffi Hubert Azoda
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are frequently observed over southern West Africa (SWA) throughout most of the year. However, it has not yet been identified what variations in typical large-scale environments of the West African monsoon seasonal cycle may favour MCS occurrence in this region. Here, six distinct synoptic states are identified and are further associated with being either a dry season, pre-, post-, or peak-monsoon synoptic circulation type using self organizing maps (SOMs) with inputs from reanalysis data. We identified a pronounced annual cycle of MCS numbers with frequency peaks in June and September which can be associated with peak rainfall during the major and minor rainy seasons respectively across SWA. Comparing daily MCS frequencies, MCSs are most likely to develop during post-monsoon conditions featuring a northward-displaced moisture anomaly (0.42 MCSs per day), which can be linked to strengthened low-level westerlies. Considering that these post-monsoon conditions occur predominantly from September and into November, these patterns may in some cases be representative of a delayed monsoon retreat. On the other hand, under peak monsoon conditions, we observe easterly wind anomalies during MCS days, which reduce moisture content over the Sahel but introduce more moisture over the coast. Finally, we find all MCS-day synoptic states to exhibit positive shear anomalies. Seasons with the strongest shear anomalies are associated with the strongest low-level temperature anomalies to the north of SWA, highlighting that a warmer Sahel can promote MCS-favourable conditions in SWA. These significant positive zonal shear anomalies for MCS days illustrate the importance of shear for MCS development in SWA throughout the year.
Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery
Authors:   1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands, Palmen Meindert , Tomšič Anton ,   1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands, Braun Jerry ,   1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands, Oudeman Maurice AP ,   2Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Shahin Ghada M.M. ,   1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands, Klautz Robert JM ,   1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
Published: November 2022

Growing interest in minimalizing surgical trauma during heart procedures stimulated the development of robotic mitral valve surgery in the late 1990s. Initially, the new technology was slowly adopted in clinical practice. However, following encouraging results by teams that adopted robotic heart surgery early on, a growing interest in implementation of robotic mitral valve surgery has emerged. Of importance are the technical developments and possibilities that accompany robotic surgery. Robotic arms feature unique characteristics, allowing unparalleled range of motion and allowing complex mitral valve repair techniques to be performed without limitations related to limited surgical incisions. High-quality three-dimensional vision effectively compensates for the lack of tactile feedback. Several technical solutions have been developed to facilitate mitral valve repair in minimal invasive setting, including chordal guiding systems, now available with various annuloplasty rings. On the other hand, precise vision and movements allows accurate determination of the length of implanted neochordae, facilitating precise determination of the length of implanted neochords even without the use of chordal-guiding systems. With robotic mitral valve surgery, leaflet resection techniques can be performed without limitations, ensuring that no compromises of the surgical strategy are made. Nevertheless, careful preoperative planning with appropriate work-up and imaging is of utmost importance to prevent complications. Moreover, the drawbacks of the initial learning curve and higher procedural costs are counterbalanced by less surgical trauma, lower utilization of blood products, and faster patient recovery. Robotic mitral valve surgery is still a young field and evolving technology that is bound to become an important tool in the toolbox of surgical mitral valve approaches.
Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression (PLDD) for the Treatment of Contained Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors:   Pain Therapy Unit, San Giovanni–Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy, Gazzeri Roberto , Tribuzi Susanna ,   Pain Therapy Unit, San Giovanni–Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy, Galarza Marcelo ,   Regional Service of Neurosurgery, “Virgen de la Arrixaca” University Hospital, Murcia, Spain, Occhigrossi Felice ,   Pain Therapy Unit, San Giovanni–Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
Published: November 2022

Lumbar disc herniation is a common cause of back and radicular leg pain. A bulging annulus and contained herniated disc can compress a nearby exiting root as it enters the neuroforamen and may cause pain and neurological symptoms. Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) has been regarded as an effective alternative to microdiscectomy for the treatment of contained lumbar disc herniations. However, there is no consensus regarding the type of laser to use, the ideal wavelength, or the energy applied. The ideal laser irradiation should have a high water absorption coefficient and low tissue pervasion, to limit thermal injury. The 1470 nm wavelength of the diode laser is absorbed by water 40 times more effectively than the 980 nm wavelength. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PLDD using a 1470 nm diode laser. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 27 patients with radicular pain who underwent PLDD for the treatment of contained lumbar disc herniation during a 12-month period. The 1470 nm diode laser produces smaller local lesions, but greater tissue variations around the nucleus pulposus. This higher affinity for water lessens the formation of a carbonization zone, which results in less thermal injury of the adjacent nervous tissue. According to the MacNab criteria, 85.2% of the cases were improved at 6-month follow-up. Pain decreased from VAS 8.1 preoperatively to VAS 3.1 postoperatively. There is no consensus in the international literature regarding the ideal wavelength. Our results support the conclusion that PLDD using a 1470 nm diode laser is a safe and effective minimally invasive technique for patients with radicular pain affected by contained herniated lumbar discs.
Validation of a Prototype Augmented Reality Navigation System for Total Hip Replacement
Authors:   School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia, Arulampalam Jevan , Bucknill Andrew ,   The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Gupta Sanjeev ,   Orthopaedic Department, Royal Prince Alfred Institute or Rheumatology and Orthopaedics,  Sydney, Australia, Li Qing ,   School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia, McMahon Steve J. ,   Malabar Orthopaedic Clinic, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Assistive technologies are becoming more common in total hip replacement (THR) procedures, improving surgeons’ abilities to achieve target implant orientations. These systems can be large, absorbing limited space in the operating theatre, and they can add complexity to surgery. Materials and Methods: We developed a small footprint prototype system that can assist in the accurate placement of implant components using augmented reality (AR) technology into preoperatively planned positions. This technology augments the 3D pelvis and the cup in its target position and displays the real-time position of instruments. The accuracy of the developed prototype system was assessed through a cadaveric study, comparing the achieved implant positions to the preoperative target. All cadavers received preoperative 3D planning to identify the target cup position and orientation. Cadaveric surgeries were completed using the AR system to achieve the target cup placement. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) was used to measure the achieved component position for each hip. Results: The mean absolute deviation (range) from target acetabular placement to the achieved acetabular placement was 2.9° (-8.7 to 3.3°), 3.0° (-5.7 to 7°) and 1.6mm (-1.2 to 3.5mm) for inclination, anteversion, and depth, respectively. Sixty-six percent of results were within +/-5° of the preoperative target orientation. Conclusion: We present a cadaver validation study on a small footprint prototype system using augmented reality to enable accurate cup placement and provide additional information intraoperatively. Our results are comparable with reported results for image-based navigation from the literature.
Skin Expansion Technology in Acute Burns and Chronic Wounds
Authors:   Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai West Hospital, New York, NY, Horn Callie , Ray Keval ,   Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai West Hospital, New York, NY, Abeshouse Marnie ,   Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai West Hospital, New York, NY, Zarrin Sarah ,   Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai West Hospital, New York, NY, Saintsing Charles ,   Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai West Hospital, New York, NY, Lantis II John C. ,   Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai West Hospital, New York, NY
Published: November 2022

The ability to grow skin has long been a topic of study and therapeutic interest. Currently, the main ways of doing this are 1) by placing tissue-expansion devices in the subcutaneous space and expanding skin over time, which can then be moved to cover contiguous structures, and 2) via processes that require relatively long (30 days) incubation periods to grow the patient’s autogenous skin into laminar sheets. Over the past five years, there have been significant developments in the ability to expand skin cells, either at the bedside or in the laboratory, but much more rapidly than with previous methods. We explore and discuss the current skin cell-expansion techniques, focusing on point-of-care therapeutic interventions that can be used in the burn population as well as the chronic wound population, hair follicle stem-cell incubation techniques and studies supporting this therapy, as well as micro bullae grafting, and morcellated skin cell therapy. The current data supporting these therapeutic interventions and their current direction are outlined in detail.
THE WAR IN BOSNIA-HERCEGOVINA (1992-1995) AND ITS CAUSES
Authors:   Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore. Pakistan, Shahzadi Gulnaz , Hashmi Rehana Saeed ,   Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore. Pakistan
Published: November 2022

The brutal conflicts in Bosnia-Hercegovina were the reminder of chaos and upheaval which dominated post Cold War World. The fall of Soviet Union and resulting shifts in international security did not created the ‘New World Order’ that was envisaged by many, rather it was a rampant security disorder that stayed for long. At the core of this has been massive increase in communal, religious and ethnic violence. Governments and people released from former Soviet rule swept by new democratic wave began to take up slogans of nationalism. In some instance, this was peaceful arising such as split of Czechoslovakia. In other cases like Yugoslavia, Georgia and Azerbaijan nationalist sentiment exploded violently. Europe and its surroundings had not seen bloodshed of this scale since World War II. The break up of huge empires invariably resulted in periods of general political instability and intense nationalism. In remote troubled areas like Angola and Somalia where nationalism had lesser role, experts predicted outbreak of conflict. As the cold War was over these regions lost immediate strategic importance, as a result inter ethnic conflicts emerged in tribal regions. These conflicts were protracted and international community remained reluctant to intervene. An example of such conflict is Bosnia, where wide array of local and international factors resulted in conflicts. This article attempts to thoroughly examine the factors responsible for the conflict. Moreover, it also sheds light on the role played by international actors that either amplified or resolved the conflict. For this purpose, the study adopted a qualitative approach (i.e. using the existing body of literature-books, newspapers, and journal articles to draw conclusion). Keywords: Bosnia-Hercegovina, conflict, war, religion, political, ethnicities
TESTING THE VALIDITY OF PHILLIPS CURVE FOR SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors:   Department of Economics, Islamia College University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan, Ali Gulzar , Ayaz Huma ,   Department of Economics, Islamia College University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan, Shah Said Zamin ,   Department of Economics, Islamia College University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
Published: November 2022

Inflation is the major fear among the people living in the society as it increases the cost of living. Unemployment further adds in this fear as increased unemployment lowers the purchasing power and welfare of the people living in the society. This research study aims to examine the relationship between these two important socio-economic factors (inflation and unemployment) via testing the validity of Phillips Curve for selected Asian countries (Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, China, Japan, South Korea and India) using panel data from 1991-2020. The empirical findings show that in short run, the validity of Phillips Curve doesn’t exist in case of the selected Asian countries, however, in the long-run it does. Further, the study found significant relationship between GDP growth and inflation in the studied Asian countries. Moreover, the result of Granger Causality analysis found bi-directional association of inflation and unemployment in selected Asian Countries. Keywords: Inflation, Unemployment, Phillips Curve, Asian, Panel data.
HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN WRONGS: CRITIQUING HUMAN ACTIVITIES TO PREVENT THE CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors:   Bahria University Law School, Pakistan, Javed Rabia , Fayyaz Muhammad ,   Bahria University Law School, Pakistan
Published: November 2022

How may one imagine that the largest harm done to the environment is due to the act of humankind! Global warming is the outcome of environmental degradation of certain activities of human beings, who ostensibly portray themselves as guardians of the Earth. The activities are anti-nature resulting in global warming, which has adversely affected the lives of all human beings. These deleterious effects due to climate change, from a legal perspective, have arguably infringed the inalienable rights of all humans. Climate change is one of the most difficult challenges confronted by International Law; arguably, the larger part of the change is attributed to human activities, relevant Human Rights Law and principles could be used as tools to critique the activities and thus cope with the challenge - to contain climate change for the survival of all. The various human activities since the First Industrial Revolution in the 19th century have paved the way for the destruction of the earth. These activities include deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, the burgeoning global population, and manufacturing of luxurious items. All these human activities have indubitably, for the comfort of some compromised the natural legal rights of all. This study criticizes the aforementioned human activities with the aid of human rights law. It also provides some useful recommendations to deal with this quandary. Keywords: Human Rights, Human Activities, Climate Change, Global Warming, Liberal Critique, International Human Rights Law, International Environmental Laws.
PERCEPTIONS OF WEDDING TRENDS AND RITUALS: A GENDER BASED COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Department of Gender and Development Studies, LCWU, Lahore Pakistan, Fatima Aziz , Khan Uzma Ashiq ,   Department of Gender and Development Studies, LCWU, Lahore Pakistan, Zafar Maryam ,   Department of Gender and Development Studies, LCWU, Lahore Pakistan
Published: November 2022

World widely, Weddings have been setting trends of overspending and societal pressure. The present study explored gender perception regarding wedding trends and rituals that have been practicing due to lavish and simple weddings in Lahore. The impact of socio-demographic variables e.g. educational level, income level, and age differences were analyzed with respect to wedding trends and rituals. Quantitative research design based on self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data (N=300) from different private and public institutes, through purposive sampling technique from different areas of Lahore. For descriptive and inferential statistics, the data was analyzed through SPSS version 25. Independent sample T-test and One-Way ANOVA was applied; the results indicated that there was a significant gender differences and socio-demographic variables also found statistically significant differences with respect to trends and rituals. The study identified preferences and reasons of simple and lavish weddings through gender perspectives. Keywords: trends, rituals, socio-demographics, gender perception.
ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS ON HIGHER EARNING PROFESSIONS IN URBAN SPACES OF LAHORE PAKISTAN
Authors:   University of Punjab, Lahore Pakistan., Maqbool Hina , Zakar Rubeena ,   Institute of social and cultural studies University of the Punjab, Lahore. Pakistan
Published: November 2022

Quality of education is important for every country, educational institution, organisation, and beneficiary of industries. The goal of this research was to evaluate the impact of the higher education systems of Pakistan on high-earning jobs in urban areas. Correlational research design in a quantitative approach was used to find the associations between the variables (higher education systems and high-earning professions) and to explore the effects of higher education systems (government and private universities) on high-earning jobs in the urban settings of Lahore. N=400 alumni students were selected from four Universities (2 public & 2 private) with high and low costs using the purposive sampling technique. The correlation was used to find the associations between variables, regression analysis to find predicting role, and t-test for differences between private and government high and low-cost universities. Findings revealed that significant associations were found between higher education systems and high-earning jobs, the significant predicting role of the higher education system and the significant difference between high-earning professions by private and public high and low-cost universities. The present study will be implemented to raise the quality of education by public and private universities through professional skills and career success. Keywords: Higher Education System, High-earning Jobs, Bivariate Analysis, Public Universities, Private Universities.
ROLE OF POSTTRAUMATIC GROWTH BETWEEN TREATMENT ADHERENCE AND DEATH ANXIETY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors:   Department of Applied Psychology, Government College University, Faisalabad Pakistan, Ali Abid , Mahmood Khalid ,   Department of Applied Psychology, Government College University, Faisalabad Pakistan
Published: November 2022

This study explored the role of posttraumatic growth between treatment adherence and death anxiety in individuals with Myocardial Infarction. It is also known as heart attack which is generally caused by the blockage of blood supply to the heart of an organism human being. This blockage of blood supply is generally made up of bad cholesterol as well as fate and some further substances of the like to produce plaque in those coronary arteries of a person that carries oxygenated blood to the heart (Werdan et al., 2012). It is a quantitative study in which cross sectional research design was used. It was hypothesized that post traumatic growth would significantly predicted by treatment adherence among individuals with Myocardial Infarction. In the same way it was also hypothesized that there would be a significant relation between post-traumatic growth and treatment adherence and death anxiety. Sample size comprised of 500 (N=500) patients with Myocardial Infarction which was selected from different public and private hospitals in Punjab. The sample selected through multistage sampling technique. The variables of interest assessed by using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Tedesechi & Calhoun, 2014), The General Medication Adherence Scale(Naqvi et al, 2020), and Death Anxiety Scale (DAS)(Donald & Templer 1970). In statistical section, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis were used respectively. Findings of the correlational analysis showed that there is statistically significant relationship exist among posttraumatic growth treatment adherence and death anxiety in individuals with this cardiac condition. Moreover regression analysis showed that treatment adherence and death anxiety are the significant predictors of posttraumatic growth. Keywords; Post-traumatic growth, Treatment adherence, Death anxiety, Hierarchical Regression, Myocardial Infarction.
ECONOMICS POLICIES ANALYSIS & FINANCIAL DECISIONS MAKING BY EMERGING MARKETS DURING UNCERTAINTIES: AN ASIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Faculty of Management and Economics, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, Faisal Malik Muhammad , Akhtar Manzoom ,   University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Mehmood Kashif ,   University Institute of Management Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
Published: November 2022

The primary purpose of auditing is to increase openness and accountability in both the public and private sectors. In Pakistan's public and private sector enterprises, the word "audit quality" is a contentious subject. It is critical to maintain audit quality since it aids in the reduction of agency problems in the public sector. When the interests of ministries conflict with those of the public and the government, an agency dilemma occurs. The agency problem, develops when management is unable to take responsibility for where monies have been allocated to achieve the desired results. As a result, audit committees have the ability to alter internal and external audit competence, which has an impact on audit quality. The purpose of this research was to see if there is a link between the efficacy of audit committees, internal audit functions, and external audit fees in Malaysian public companies. This study used a demand-side strategy to look into the relationship between audit committee expertise and internal audit function with external audit fees. With the help of SPSS software, other statistical methods such as descriptive frequencies (demographic analysis) and reliability were employed to determine the extent and direction of relationship between variables. For the purposes of the underlying study, these statistical tools have shown the descriptive and influential relationship between the major factors of Audit quality. The findings of the underlying study reveal that there is no impact of the selected predictor variables on the dependent variable of the study. Keywords: Performance Audit, Top Management Support, Autonomy to Implement Audit Techniques, Audit Quality.
HOW CLASSROOM ENJOYMENT INFLUENCE EFL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC MOTIVATION
Authors:   Department of Education, Alhamd Islamic University, Islamabad Pakistan, Mahnaz Wajid , Mehmood Umair ,   Department of Education, Alhamd Islamic University, Islamabad Pakistan, Umar Muhammad ,   Department of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
Published: November 2022

As a result of the widespread belief that the personal and psychological characteristics of students have a significant impact on their level of academic engagement, a great number of studies have been carried out to investigate the role that students' characteristics play in determining their level of academic engagement. However, in the context of studying English as a foreign language, the significance that classroom fun plays in academic motivation is largely ignored. As a result, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact that EFL students' level of enjoyment in the classroom had on their level of academic motivation. This study involved the participation of 323 students from secondary schools in Karachi. Quantitative research methods were used. The findings indicated that classroom enjoyment plays a significant role in enhancing students' academic motivation. Regarding sub-domains of motivation, students' intrinsic motivation was strongly influenced by classroom enjoyment, whereas students' extrinsic motivation was the least influenced variable. The findings further followed by the discussion, implications and the constraints of the study. Keywords: Classroom enjoyment; academic motivation; EFL learners; self-determination theory
Do Message Framing and Source Credibility Matter? : Examining Framed COVID- 19 Prevention Messaging in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlSheddi Mona M.
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to examine the influence of different message framings (utilitarian, deontological, religious, virtue-based message, and God's punishment-based messages) on Saudi Arabians’ beliefs and behavioral intentions related to COVID-19 and the influence of message source (religious advocate, Saudi COVID-19 monitoring committee member, close person, physician, journalist, and social media influencer) on communicating messages in the COVID-19 pandemic context. The between-subject design experiment (n =222) was conducted online due to the Covid-19 restrictions in force at the time of this study and in an attempt to derive a representative sample from the general Saudi population. The results showed that the God’s punishment-based message was less effective than other moral and religious messages, including the non-framed messages, and member of the Saudi COVID-19 monitoring committee, followed by physicians, were believed to be the most effective message sources. Overall, the current research contributes to the knowledge about health and crisis communications in the collectivistic cultural context.
Predictive Ability of Emotional Support Resources, Birth Order, Gender, and Grade in Cyberbullying among Gifted Adolescents in Jordan and the Sultanate of Oman: A Comparative Study
Authors: Al-Kharusi Tarik H. , Al-Hidabi Dawood A. , Heilat Mustafa. Q. , Al Shabatat Ahmad M. , Alhabsi Maya S.
Published: November 2022

The current study aimed to reveal the predictive ability of the emotional support resources, birth order, gender and grade in cyberbullying among gifted adolescents in Jordan and Oman. It also aimed to identify the differences, if any, in electronic bullying (bully, victim) according to the different sources of the emotional support, birth order, gender and grade among a sample of Jordanian and Omani adolescents. The study participants were 340 gifted students from Jordan and Oman, ranging from 13 to 15 years old. The Cyberbullying (bully, victim) and the perceived emotional support scale (family and friends) were used and appropriate methods verified their validity and reliability indicators. The results indicated the possibility of predicting cyberbullying (victim) through the perceived emotional support provided by the family and the student's gender. As for cyberbullying (bully), the results indicated its unpredictability to perceived emotional support from (family and friends), gender, birth order and grade. In addition, significant differences in cyber-bullying (victim) were found in favor of females and males in cyberbullying (bully). The results confirmed the predictive ability of several psychological and personal variables, such as perceived emotional support provided by family and gender and the possibility that gender might have a role in cyberbullying (the victim), which contributes to understanding more psychological, cognitive, personal and social aspects related to cyberbullying behavior, and the need to focus research on knowing the motives behind cyberbullying behavior and on identifying the desires and negatives that the bully seeks to achieve, and the effects of this on the cyberbully and others.
The “Social Pedagogy” Subject in Southwest University “Neofi t Rilski” Academic Space
Authors:   South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Kovachka Yuliana
Published: November 2022

The main objective of the current study is to research and justify, from the position of time, the means for establishing the academic subject “Social Pedagogy” in the Faculty of Social Pedagogy at Southwest University “N. Rilski”, as well as to reveal its promising resources for quality education of students – future social pedagogues. To achieve the objective we rely on content analysis on empirical information in databases – university's administrative archive, electronic catalog of the university library, public profiles of the lecturers. Data related to the development of the Faculty of Pedagogy, the educational documentation of the subject – qualification characteristics of bachelor's and master's programs and curricula, scientific production of teachers - publications, monographs, textbooks and teaching manuals are monitored and analyzed.
Perspectives of Leadership in the Modern School and Kindergarten – Results of Empirical Research
Authors:   Episkop Konstantin Preslavski Shumen University, Dobreva Snezhanka
Published: November 2022

The article traces aspects of leadership in the modern school and kindergarten from different perspectives, formulated on the basis of analysis of theories and understandings of leadership, management styles, roles of the director of an educational institution. A study is presented, the main purpose of which is to improve the understanding of these qualities of the leader that make him a successful leader. The contribution to the district of effective leadership, as part of management functions and skills, is in outlining the characteristics of the leader that are important for creating a leadership community and outlining those that are not considered particularly important among principals, teachers, experts and teachers . It has been established that the created conditions for the professional development of pedagogical specialists who understand, share and support the views in the leadership vision for the development of the institution, the manifestation of a culture of generating innovative ideas, the ability to manage based on magnetism, attractiveness, charisma. are the indicators for successful implementation and development of leadership.
Mourning jewelry in late Georgian and Victorian Britain
Authors: Tsoumas Johannis
Published: November 2022

Mourning or memorial jewelry constituted one of the most emblematic traditions of death rituals in the cultural history of Great Britain since medieval times and even earlier. They symbolized the power of the human mind and soul to face death, to honor the memory of the dead and to keep it alive and intact in time and during the great challenges of life. Since the end of the eighteenth century and during the long nineteenth century, in addition to being indicative values of the cultural and social development of the English people, they constituted symbols that defined the concept of social order. They also became important fashion objects as they represented thoroughly the royal court mood and reflected its preferences, temper and taste. This research focuses on the importance of different types and symbolism of mourning jewelry in late Georgian and mid to late Victorian Britain. Through the magnifier of the historical, cultural, artistic and technological changes of the time the author examines and comments on the roles of the royal court and mainly on Queen Victoria’s personality in enhancing and even reshaping the idea of mourning customs within which Memento Mori and memorial jewelry thrived.
Pleasure as a Necessary Component of Kantian Emotions
Authors: Eran Uri
Published: November 2022

After three decades of concentrated effort, commentators still seem to disagree about Kant's understanding of the nature of emotions. I argue that the appearance is misleading because the disagreement depends on different assumptions that are independent of Kant. I then propose a way out of this deadlock by pointing to the fact that, although the Kantian phenomena commonly understood as emotions originate in two different faculties, they all involve pleasure. This account provides the necessary yet insufficient conditions on a Kantian phenomenon's being an emotion, but it allows us to mitigate the conflicting needs of historical accuracy and contemporary interest.
Angustia frente a deleite en Primavera extremeña de Julio Llamazares: estrategias atenuantes del escritor gozoso durante los horrores de la pandemia
Authors: Ortega Garrigo Andrés
Published: November 2022

Esta obra de Julio Llamazares, a medio camino entre la crónica y el libro de viajes, incide en varios temas predilectos del autor, a saber, la descripción de la naturaleza, la añoranza de la vida en el campo y la importancia del entorno natural. El escritor leonés aprovecha la circunstancia excepcional de la pandemia de 2020 para realizar la crónica de su propia experiencia durante esa primavera, que el autor pasó junto a su familia en una casa aislada en plena naturaleza extremeña. Frente al trauma colectivo vivido por la humanidad, el autor asiste al glorioso espectáculo del renacer de la naturaleza, que a un tiempo observa gozoso y avergonzado, por el hecho de estar disfrutando durante un momento de angustia general. En este trabajo estudiaremos cómo el escritor establece una serie de estrategias retóricas de protección de la propia imagen encaminadas a excusarse ante el lector, ya sea mediante el empleo de elementos lingüísticos atenuadores concretos que buscan la salvaguardia de su imagen, ya sea a través del escudo de la tradición literaria, con el recuerdo de una memoria histórica literaria (Boccaccio y Virgilio, principalmente) que hermana a la humanidad en momentos de angustia y vida retirada.
Donne alate e metamorfiche mutazioni: femminismo pandemico in due racconti di Levi e Buzzati
Authors: Tambasco Itala
Published: November 2022

Nell’alveo della cosiddetta ‘seconda ondata’ del femminismo, che già linguisticamente viene raccontata in termini di diffusione epidemiologica, si inseriscono due racconti di Buzzati e di Levi in cui l’emancipazione muliebre assume i tratti fantastici di una malattia prodigiosa e pericolosamente contagiosa. Posta a conclusione della ‘sfortunata’ raccolta Le notti difficili, “La moglie con le ali” è una delle rare incursioni nel femminile in cui Buzzati manifesti una complice e sarcastica insofferenza verso i prototipi matrimoniali della società contemporanea. Le ali che spuntano sulla schiena della giovane e bellissima moglie del conte Giorgio Venanzi, terrorizzato dall’idea di uno scandalo, le concedono una evasione, seppur momentanea, dalla quotidiana e routinaria vita coniugale a cui si consegna giovanissima. Il prodigio del volo è misteriosamente concesso, in circostanze molto simili, anche a Isabella, protagonista leviana de “La grande mutazione”, scrupolosamente ispezionata da un medico che ne rileva il rischio di alta contagiosità. Superata la vergogna iniziale, la piccola donna assapora a pieno i vantaggi della libertà che misteriosamente le viene concessa e finisce per uscire allo scoperto. L’evento è vissuto con mortificazione e vergogna dal padre che, contagiato insieme al medico e ad altri compagni di classe, opterà per l’amputazione.
Para una ‘ética pragmática', una conversación con Julián Herbert
Authors: Sebastiani Giorgio
Published: November 2022

Para una ‘ética pragmática’

Una conversación con Julián Herbert

(8 de Marzo de 2021)

por Giorgio Sebastiani
Two faces of the feminist dystopia in the United Kingdom: Sophie Mackintosh and Rebecca Ley
Authors: Olivi Marta
Published: November 2022

Two faces of the feminist dystopia in the United Kingdom: Sophie Mackintosh and Rebecca Ley

A conversation with Sophie Mackintosh and Rebecca Ley

by Marta Olivi
Pietrini Daniela, La lingua infetta. L’italiano della pandemia
Authors: Laghi Roberto
Published: November 2022

Pietrini Daniela, La lingua infetta. L’italiano della pandemia (Roma, Treccani, 2021, 240 pp. ISBN 978-881-200-890-2)

di Roberto Laghi
La peste nel gran circo di Permunian: recensione a Giorni di collera e di annientamento
Authors: Lonigro Domenico
Published: November 2022

La peste nel gran circo di Permunian: recensione a Giorni di collera e di annientamento (Francesco Permunian, Giorni di collera e di annientamento, Milano, Ponte delle grazie, 2021, 178 pp. ISBN 833-331-639-4)

di Domenico Lonigro
El discurso referido en la prensa durante la primera ola de la pandemia por COVID-19: análisis de las voces de los representantes del Gobierno español
Authors: Mapelli Giovanna
Published: November 2022

The voice of the President of the Government, Pedro Sánchez, and the voices of senior officials and experts (Salvador Illa and Fernando Simón), chosen by the Government, were the protagonists in the press and they had an enormous media impact during pandemic COVID-19.

In the framework of the appraisal theory of Martin and White and of the communication of press, we consider that the use of reported speech is one of the keys to observe the presence of the actors in the written press. Moreover, for Charaudeau it is a tool to orient a particular interpretation of the facts, and to convey a certain image of a public character.

In this paper, we analyse with a quantitative and qualitative approach the way in which journalists construct the image of government representatives through the use reporting verbs to introduce reported speech (Reyes 16-22) and the attitudes and emotions these verbs denote (Escribano, Voces 11). The corpus is constituted by news from the national newspapers El País, ABC, El Mundo published from March to June 2020, that is, during the proclamation of the first State of Alarm and the first phases of the de-escalation.
Loss of signal and staged thyroidectomy
Authors:   Korean Intraoperative Neural Monitoring Society, Ji Yong Bae
Published: November 2022

Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) provides dynamic neural information and is recommended for high-risk thyroid surgery. If RLN is severely injured during the operation, most nerve fibers do not transmit nerve impulse and substantial decrease of EMG amplitude or loss of signal (LOS) will occur. However, surgeon should differentiate the true LOS from false LOS, because it can be false due to various reason. If LOS is true, the decision to perform contralateral surgery to prevent bilateral vocal cord paralysis should be prudent. The updated causes, algorithm, and management of LOS during IONM and potential benefit of staged thyroidectomy are reviewed and summarized.
Informed consent for intraoperative neural monitoring
Authors:   Korean Intraoperative Neural Monitoring Society, Woo Seung Hoon
Published: November 2022

Over the past decade, the use of intraoperative neuro monitoring (IONM) in thyroid surgery has been widely accepted by surgeons as a useful technique for improving laryngeal neurological identification and speech results, promoting neurophysiological research, educating and training surgeons. Providing patients with information about IONM is a good practice to promote the efficient use of IONM resources and is essential for effective joint decision making between patients and surgeons. The preoperative plan and patient consent process are important for all patients who undergo thyroid surgery. The purpose of this paper is to summarize general and specific considerations, along with pre-consent criteria for using IONM to support surgeons and patients during prethyroid surgery and shared decision making processes.
INVESTIGATING E-SUPPLY CHAIN ISSUES IN INTERNET OF MEDICAL THINGS (IOMT): EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTHCARE
Authors: Guergov Sasho
Published: November 2022

The E-supply chain in the Internet of Medical Things is plagued by a number of problems. These problems include failing to meet patient expectations, keeping services and equipment affordable, and lacking adequate infrastructure management, cyber security, and network dependability. The research suggests various remedies that might be beneficial for these problems. In this study, the past literature is discussed in order to provide a general picture of the subject. The majority of the survey responses, which were used to run an SPSS test, agreed with the research hypotheses. The research is based on five hypotheses, and the SPSS test found empirical evidence respectively.
Artificial Intelligence Incidents & Ethics A Narrative Review
Authors: Nasim Syeda Faiza , Muhammad Rizwan Ali  , Umme Kulsoom
Published: November 2022

There has been a lot of media debate about “Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics” nowadays and many scientists and researchers have shared their views on this topic. As technology is evolving, security issues are also emerging in new forms. Machines should be ethical, and the “Build and Design” of such machines should be based on ethics. Infact, AI must have Ethics as a part of design within the software code, just like security measures are encoded within. In this review paper, statistics of AI incidents and areas are presented along with the social impact. Using the online AI Incident Database, some areas of AI applications have been identified, which shows unethical use of AI. Applications like Language and Computer vision models, intelligent robots and autonomous driving are in top ranking. Ethical issues also appear in various forms like incorrect use of technology, racism, non-safety and malicious algorithms with biasness. Data collection has helped to identify the AI ethical issues based on Time, Geographic Locations, Application Areas, and Classifications
ĐỒN ĐIỀN CAO SU Ở TÂY NINH THỜI PHÁP THUỘC
Authors: Triêm Dương Văn , Hiếu Lê Minh
Published: November 2022

Sau một thời gian thử nghiệm, cây cao su đã được người Pháp chọn trồng và khai thác lâu dài ở Nam Bộ nói chung và tỉnh Tây Ninh nói riêng. Theo thời gian, số lượng đồn điền được thành lập để trồng và phát triển loại cây này ở Tây Ninh ngày càng nhiều cả về diện tích lẫn số lượng cây trồng. Bài viết này sử dụng phương pháp lịch sử và phương pháp thống kê để nghiên cứu, tìm hiểu về các đồn điền cao su ở Tây Ninh thời Pháp thuộc. Trong bài viết này, người viết không nghiên cứu đồn điền cao su ở Tây Ninh về các mặt chính sách đầu tư, vốn, giá trị xuất khẩu hay những cuộc đấu tranh của công nhân đồn điền,... mà người viết tiếp cận ở những nét đặc trưng của đồn điền cao su, dưới cái nhìn khái quát. Đó là những đặc trưng về đăng ký chủ sở hữu các đồn điền, quy mô và diện tích, kỹ thuật canh tác, nguồn công nhân chủ yếu làm việc trong đồn điền.