bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of long non-coding RNAs and RNA binding proteins in breast cancer subtypes
Authors: Cava Claudia , Armaos Alexandros , Lang Benjamin , Tartaglia Gian G. , Castiglioni Isabella
Published: January 2022

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease classified into four main subtypes with different clinical outcomes, such as patient survival, prognosis, and relapse. Current genetic tests for the differential diagnosis of BC subtypes showed a poor reproducibility. Therefore, an early and correct diagnosis of molecular subtypes is one of the challenges in the clinic. In the present study, we identified differentially expressed genes, long non-coding RNAs and RNA binding proteins for each BC subtype from a public dataset applying bioinformatics algorithms. In addition, we investigated their interactions and we proposed interacting biomarkers as potential signature specific for each BC subtype. We found a network of only 2 RBPs (RBM20 and PCDH20) and 2 genes (HOXB3 and RASSF7) for luminal A, a network of 21 RBPs and 53 genes for luminal B, a HER2-specific network of 14 RBPs and 30 genes, and a network of 54 RBPs and 302 genes for basal BC. We validated the signature considering their expression levels on an independent dataset evaluating their ability to classify the different molecular subtypes with a machine learning approach. Overall, we achieved good performances of classification with an accuracy >0.80. In addition, we found some interesting novel prognostic biomarkers such as RASSF7 for luminal A, DCTPP1 for luminal B, DHRS11, KLC3, NAGS, and TMEM98 for HER2, and ABHD14A and ADSSL1 for basal. The findings could provide preliminary evidence to identify putative new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for individual breast cancer subtypes.
Spatial and temporal changes of outdoor thermal stress: influence of urban land cover types
Authors: Rahman Mohammad A. , Franceschi Eleonora , Pattnaik Nayanesh , Moser-Reischl Astrid , Hartmann Christian , Paeth Heiko , Pretzsch Hans , Rötzer Thomas , Pauleit Stephan
Published: January 2022

Green infrastructure (GI) has emerged as a feasible strategy for promoting adaptive capacities of cities to climate change by alleviating urban heat island (UHI) and thus heat stress for humans. However, GI can also intensify the winter cold stress. To understand the extent of UHI within a city as well as the link between outdoor thermal stress both diurnally and seasonally, we carried out an empirical study in Würzburg, Germany from 2018 to 2020. At sub-urban sites, relative humidity and wind speed (WS) was considerably higher and air temperature (AT) lower compared to the inner city sites. Mean AT of inner city sites were higher by 1.3 °C during summer and 5 °C during winter compared to sub-urban sites. The magnitude followed the spatial land use patterns, in particular the amount of buildings. Consequently, out of 97 hot days (AT > 30 °C) in 3 years, 9 days above the extreme threshold of wet bulb globe temperature of 35 °C were recorded at a centre location compared to none at a sub-urban site. Extreme heat stress could be halved with 30–40% cover of greenspaces including grass lawns, green roofs, and green walls with little compromise in increasing winter cold stress.
Dynamic compression of water to conditions in ice giant interiors
Authors: Gleason A. E. , Rittman D. R. , Bolme C. A. , Galtier E. , Lee H. J. , Granados E. , Ali S. , Lazicki A. , Swift D. , Celliers P. , Militzer B. , Stanley S. , Mao W. L.
Published: January 2022

Recent discoveries of water-rich Neptune-like exoplanets require a more detailed understanding of the phase diagram of H2O at pressure–temperature conditions relevant to their planetary interiors. The unusual non-dipolar magnetic fields of ice giant planets, produced by convecting liquid ionic water, are influenced by exotic high-pressure states of H2O—yet the structure of ice in this state is challenging to determine experimentally. Here we present X-ray diffraction evidence of a body-centered cubic (BCC) structured H2O ice at 200 GPa and ~ 5000 K, deemed ice XIX, using the X-ray Free Electron Laser of the Linac Coherent Light Source to probe the structure of the oxygen sub-lattice during dynamic compression. Although several cubic or orthorhombic structures have been predicted to be the stable structure at these conditions, we show this BCC ice phase is stable to multi-Mbar pressures and temperatures near the melt boundary. This suggests variable and increased electrical conductivity to greater depths in ice giant planets that may promote the generation of multipolar magnetic fields.
TcTI, a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor from cocoa associated with defense against pathogens
Authors: do Amaral Milena , Freitas Ana Camila Oliveira , Santos Ariana Silva , dos Santos Everton Cruz , Ferreira Monaliza Macêdo , da Silva Gesteira Abelmon , Gramacho Karina Peres , Marinho-Prado Jeanne Scardini , Pirovani Carlos Priminho
Published: January 2022

Protease inhibitors (PIs) are important biotechnological tools of interest in agriculture. Usually they are the first proteins to be activated in plant-induced resistance against pathogens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize a Theobroma cacao trypsin inhibitor called TcTI. The ORF has 740 bp encoding a protein with 219 amino acids, molecular weight of approximately 23 kDa. rTcTI was expressed in the soluble fraction of Escherichia coli strain Rosetta [DE3]. The purified His-Tag rTcTI showed inhibitory activity against commercial porcine trypsin. The kinetic model demonstrated that rTcTI is a competitive inhibitor, with a Ki value of 4.08 × 10–7 mol L−1. The thermostability analysis of rTcTI showed that 100% inhibitory activity was retained up to 60 °C and that at 70–80 °C, inhibitory activity remained above 50%. Circular dichroism analysis indicated that the protein is rich in loop structures and β-conformations. Furthermore, in vivo assays against Helicoverpa armigera larvae were also performed with rTcTI in 0.1 mg mL−1 spray solutions on leaf surfaces, which reduced larval growth by 70% compared to the control treatment. Trials with cocoa plants infected with Mp showed a greater accumulation of TcTI in resistant varieties of T. cacao, so this regulation may be associated with different isoforms of TcTI. This inhibitor has biochemical characteristics suitable for biotechnological applications as well as in resistance studies of T. cacao and other crops.
Déjà vu: a reappraisal of the taphonomy of quarry VM4 of the Early Pleistocene site of Venta Micena (Baza Basin, SE Spain)
Authors: Palmqvist Paul , Espigares M. Patrocinio , Pérez-Claros Juan A. , Figueirido Borja , Guerra-Merchán Antonio , Ros-Montoya Sergio , Rodríguez-Gómez Guillermo , García-Aguilar José Manuel , Granados Alejandro , Martínez-Navarro Bienvenido
Published: January 2022

Venta Micena, an Early Pleistocene site of the Baza Basin (SE Spain), preserves a rich and diverse assemblage of large mammals. VM3, the main excavation quarry of the site, has been interpreted as a den of the giant hyaenaPachycrocuta brevirostrisin the plain that surrounded the Baza palaeolake. Taphonomic analysis of VM3 has shown that the hyaenas scavenged the prey previously hunted by the hypercarnivores, transported their remains to the communal den, and consumed the skeletal parts according to their marrow contents and mineral density. In a recent paper (Luzón et al. in Sci Rep 11:13977,https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93261-1, 2021), a small sample of remains unearthed from VM4, an excavation quarry ~ 350 m distant from VM3, is analysed. The authors indicate several differences in the taphonomic features of this assemblage with VM3, and even suggest that a different carnivore could have been the agent involved in the bone accumulation process. Here, we make a comparative analysis of both quarries and analyse more skeletal remains from VM4. Our results indicate that the assemblages are broadly similar in composition, except for slight differences in the frequency of megaherbivores, carnivores and equids according to NISP values (but not to MNI counts), the degree of bone weathering, and the intensity of bone processing by the hyaenas. Given that VM4 and VM3 were not coeval denning areas ofP. brevirostris, these differences suggest that during the years when the skeletal remains were accumulated by the hyaenas at VM3, the rise of the water table of the Baza palaeolake that capped with limestone the bones was delayed compared to VM4, which resulted in their more in-depth consumption by the hyaenas.
Lifespan prolonging mechanisms and insulin upregulation without fat accumulation in long-lived reproductives of a higher termite
Authors: Séité Sarah , Harrison Mark C. , Sillam-Dussès David , Lupoli Roland , Van Dooren Tom J. M. , Robert Alain , Poissonnier Laure-Anne , Lemainque Arnaud , Renault David , Acket Sébastien , Andrieu Muriel , Viscarra José , Sul Hei Sook , de Beer Z. Wilhelm , Bornberg-Bauer Erich , Vasseur-Cognet Mireille
Published: January 2022

Kings and queens of eusocial termites can live for decades, while queens sustain a nearly maximal fertility. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying their long lifespan, we carried out transcriptomics, lipidomics and metabolomics inMacrotermes natalensison sterile short-lived workers, long-lived kings and five stages spanning twenty years of adult queen maturation. Reproductives share gene expression differences from workers in agreement with a reduction of several aging-related processes, involving upregulation of DNA damage repair and mitochondrial functions. Anti-oxidant gene expression is downregulated, while peroxidability of membranes in queens decreases. Against expectations, we observed an upregulated gene expression in fat bodies of reproductives of several components of the IIS pathway, including an insulin-like peptide,Ilp9. This pattern does not lead to deleterious fat storage in physogastric queens, while simple sugars dominate in their hemolymph and large amounts of resources are allocated towards oogenesis. Our findings support the notion that all processes causing aging need to be addressed simultaneously in order to prevent it.
Effective prediction of biosynthetic pathway genes involved in bioactive polyphyllins in Paris polyphylla
Authors: Hua Xin , Song Wei , Wang Kangzong , Yin Xue , Hao Changqi , Duan Baozhong , Xu Zhichao , Su Tongbing , Xue Zheyong
Published: January 2022

The genes in polyphyllins pathway mixed with other steroid biosynthetic genes form an extremely complex biosynthetic network in Paris polyphylla with a giant genome. The lack of genomic data and tissue specificity causes the study of the biosynthetic pathway notably difficult. Here, we report an effective method for the prediction of key genes of polyphyllin biosynthesis. Full-length transcriptome from eight different organs via hybrid sequencing of next generation sequencingand third generation sequencing platforms annotated two 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs), 216 cytochrome P450s (CYPs), and 199 UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Combining metabolic differences, gene-weighted co-expression network analysis, and phylogenetic trees, the candidate ranges of OSC, CYP, and UGT genes were further narrowed down to 2, 15, and 24, respectively. Beside the three previously characterized CYPs, we identified the OSC involved in the synthesis of cycloartenol and the UGT (PpUGT73CR1) at the C-3 position of diosgenin and pennogenin in P. polyphylla. This study provides an idea for the investigation of gene cluster deficiency biosynthesis pathways in medicinal plants.
Characterization of phage resistance and phages capable of intestinal decolonization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice
Authors: Fang Qingqing , Feng Yu , McNally Alan , Zong Zhiyong
Published: January 2022

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged as a severe global health challenge. We isolate and characterize two previously unidentified lytic phages, P24 and P39, with large burst sizes active against ST11 KL64, a major CRKP lineage. P24 and P39 represent species of the genera Przondovirus (Studiervirinae subfamily) and Webervirus (Drexlerviridae family), respectively. P24 and P39 together restrain CRKP growth to nearly 8 h. Phage-resistant mutants exhibit reduced capsule production and decreased virulence. Modifications in mshA and wcaJ encoding capsule polysaccharide synthesis mediate P24 resistance whilst mutations in epsJ encoding exopolysaccharide synthesis cause P39 resistance. We test P24 alone and together with P39 for decolonizing CRKP using mouse intestinal colonization models. Bacterial load shed decrease significantly in mice treated with P24 and P39. In conclusion, we report the characterization of two previously unidentified lytic phages against CRKP, revealing phage resistance mechanisms and demonstrating the potential of lytic phages for intestinal decolonization.
Exploring nonequilibrium phases of photo-doped Mott insulators with generalized Gibbs ensembles
Authors: Murakami Yuta , Takayoshi Shintaro , Kaneko Tatsuya , Sun Zhiyuan , Golež Denis , Millis Andrew J. , Werner Philipp
Published: January 2022

Many experiments show that strong excitations of correlated quantum materials can cause non-thermal phases without equilibrium analogues. Understanding the origin and properties of these nonequilibrium states has been challenging due to the limitations of theoretical methods for nonequilibrium strongly correlated systems. In this work, we introduce a generalized Gibbs ensemble description that enables a systematic analysis of the long-time behavior of photo-doped states in Mott insulators based on equilibrium methods. We demonstrate the power of the method by mapping out the nonequilibrium phase diagram of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model, which features η-pairing and charge density wave phases in a wide photo-doping range. We furthermore clarify that the peculiar kinematics of photo-doped carriers, and the interaction between them, play an essential role in the formation of these non-thermal phases. Our results establish a new path for the systematic analysis of nonequilibrium strongly correlated systems.
Identification of a regulatory pathway inhibiting adipogenesis via RSPO2
Authors: Dong Hua , Sun Wenfei , Shen Yang , Baláz Miroslav , Balázová Lucia , Ding Lianggong , Löffler Mona , Hamilton Bradford , Klöting Nora , Blüher Matthias , Neubauer Heike , Klein Holger , Wolfrum Christian
Published: January 2022

Healthy adipose tissue remodeling depends on the balance between de novo adipogenesis from adipogenic progenitor cells and the hypertrophy of adipocytes. De novo adipogenesis has been shown to promote healthy adipose tissue expansion, which confers protection from obesity-associated insulin resistance. Here, we define the role and trajectory of different adipogenic precursor subpopulations and further delineate the mechanism and cellular trajectory of adipogenesis, using single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets of murine adipogenic precursors. We identify Rspo2 as a functional regulator of adipogenesis, which is secreted by a subset of CD142+ cells to inhibit maturation of early progenitors through the receptor Lgr4. Increased circulating RSPO2 in mice leads to adipose tissue hypertrophy and insulin resistance and increased RSPO2 levels in male obese individuals correlate with impaired glucose homeostasis. Taken together, these findings identify a complex cellular crosstalk that inhibits adipogenesis and impairs adipose tissue homeostasis.
Molecularly imprinted electrochemical aptasensor based on functionalized graphene and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots for trace cortisol assay
Authors: Yu Chenhong , Li Li , Ding Yaping , Liu Huajie , Cui Hanyue
Published: January 2022

A molecularly imprinted electrochemical aptasensor based on functionalized graphene and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots exhibits highly sensitive detection performance for cortisol over a wide linear range with a low detection limit.
Highly efficient NIR-II luminescent I–III–VI semiconductor nanoprobes based on AgInTe2:Zn/ZnS nanocrystals
Authors: Li Jiayao , Guan Tianyong , Tu Datao , Lian Wei , Zhang Peng , Han Siyuan , Wen Fei , Chen Xueyuan
Published: January 2022

Highly efficient NIR-II luminescent nanoprobes of AgInTe2:Zn/ZnS QDs were successfully synthesized with the maximum quantum yield of 25.2%, and were employed for sensitive biodetection of xanthine oxidase with the limit of detection down to 25 nU L−1.
Spectroscopic observation and ultrafast coherent vibrational dynamics of the aqueous phenylalanine radical
Authors: Bin Mohd Yusof Muhammad Shafiq , Siow Jing Xuan , Yang Ningchen , Chan Wei Xin , Loh Zhi-Heng
Published: January 2022

Ultrafast spectroscopy elucidates the electronic absorption spectrum of the phenylalanine radical and its photodetachment-induced vibrational wave packet dynamics.
Ions, adsorption and electric response of a ferrofluid cell
Authors: Batalioto F. , Neto A. M. Figueiredo , Barbero G.
Published: January 2022

We show that the electric response of a cell in the shape of a slab containing a ferrofluid (magnetic particles in kerosene) can be interpreted by means of a model based on the adsorption of ions from limiting surfaces.
Comb coherence-transfer and cavity ring-down saturation spectroscopy around 1.65 μm: kHz-accurate frequencies of transitions in the 2ν3 band of 12CH4
Authors: Votava Ondrej , Kassi Samir , Campargue Alain , Romanini Daniele
Published: January 2022

Comb Coherence Transfer uses feed-forward frequency correction to copy the optical phase of a frequency comb to a free-running diode laser. Coupled with cavity ring-down saturation spectroscopy it delivers transition frequencies with high accuracy.
Selective C2+ alcohol synthesis by CO2 hydrogenation via a reaction-coupling strategy
Authors: Wang Yanqiu , Xu Di , Zhang Xinxin , Hong Xinlin , Liu Guoliang
Published: January 2022

The synergy of primary and promoting catalysts in close proximity facilitates the migration and insertion of CO*/CHxO* species, thus accelerating HA productivity over a multifunctional catalyst.
Efficient capture of phosphate from wastewater by a recyclable ionic liquid functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber: a typical “release and catch” mechanism
Authors: Zheng Wenjie , Wu Qianwen , Xu Wusong , Xiong Qizhong , Kianpoor Kalkhajeh Yusef , Zhang Chaochun , Xu Gang , Zhang Weifeng , Ye Xinxin , Gao Hongjian
Published: January 2022

A novel recyclable ionic liquid functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber for phosphate removal was prepared, and the fiber shows a low adsorption limit and can be used to purify phosphate in a continuous flow process with high removal efficiency.
Eco-friendly processes for the synthesis of amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles in ethanol and their stabilisation in aqueous media
Authors: Chuzeville Lauriane , Boury Frank , Duday David , Anand Resmi , Moretto Enzo , Thomann Jean-Sébastien
Published: January 2022

New understandings in the amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticle synthesis lead to a final mass concentration increase by a factor of 3.5. The stabilisation in aqueous media is achieved by a 2-minute scalable process using bio-sourced stabilisers.
Fabrication of a hollow sphere N,S co-doped bifunctional carbon catalyst for sustainable fixation of CO2 to cyclic carbonates
Authors: Ghosh Anindya , Reddy G. Naaresh , Siddhique P. K. Mohammed , Chatterjee Sauvik , Bhattacharjee Sudip , Maitra Rahul , Lyubimov Sergey E. , Arzumanyan Ashot V. , Naumkin Alexander , Bhaumik Asim , Chowdhury Biswajit
Published: January 2022

Compositional doping by nitrogen and sulfur into a carbon matrix with a distinct hollow sphere architecture was achieved via a simple approach and the co-doped carbon material was used as a bifunctional catalyst for an efficient CO2–epichlorohydrin cycloaddition reaction.
Easily recoverable and reusable p-toluenesulfonic acid for faster hydrolysis of waste polyethylene terephthalate
Authors: Yang Weisheng , Wang Juan , Jiao Liang , Song Yang , Li Chang , Hu Chaoquan
Published: January 2022

Easily recoverable and reusable PTSA was proposed for faster hydrolysis of waste PET.
Challenges and opportunities of silk protein hydrogels in biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Junwei , Ge Xiaodong , Liu Liang , Xu Wei , Shao Rong
Published: January 2022

Silk protein is an important natural resource for the preparation of silk-based hydrogels. Its remarkable mechanical properties and biological characteristics give it an important position in the field of biomedicine.
Photosensitive Schottky barrier diodes based on Cu/p-SnSe thin films fabricated by thermal evaporation
Authors: Jagani Hirenkumar Shantilal , Gupta Shubham Umeshkumar , Bhoraniya Karan , Navapariya Mayuri , Pathak Vivek M. , Solanki Gunvant K. , Patel Hetal
Published: January 2022

The photosensitive nature of a thermally evaporated Cu/p-SnSe thin film Schottky junction.
Tuning the morphology of sulfur–few layer graphene composites via liquid phase evaporation for battery application
Authors: Venezia Eleonora , Carbone Lorenzo , Bonaccorso Francesco , Pellegrini Vittorio
Published: January 2022

A comparative study on sulfur-based composite electrodes comprising different few-layer graphene contents prepared via a facile evaporation method is presented here.
Two-dimensional material-based functional aerogels for treating hazards in the environment: synthesis, functional tailoring, applications, and sustainability analysis
Authors: Kong Hao , Chen Yun , Yang Guozheng , Liu Bin , Guo Lei , Wang Yan , Zhou Xin , Wei Gang
Published: January 2022

2D material-based functional aerogels with tailored structure and function exhibit high potential for treating hazards with high sustainability.
Hydroxyapatite as a bifunctional nanocatalyst for solventless Henry reaction: a demonstration of morphology-dependent catalysis
Authors: Mukherjee Smriti , Iyyappan E. , Satheesh Keerthi , Maria Jordi Elsa , Saranya S. , Samuel Justin S. J. , Reuben Jonathan D. , Vijay Solomon Rajadurai , Wilson P.
Published: January 2022

Hydroxyapatite nanorods are catalytically active while nanoplates are inactive towards Henry reaction due to the differences in the exposed surfaces.
Co-solvent concentration impact on the cloud point behavior of 2- and 3-ingredient systems of the poly(tridecyl methacrylate) in supercritical CO2
Authors: Ghoderao Pradnya NP , Dhamodharan Duraisami , Byun Hun-Soo
Published: January 2022

Cloud point data of the 2- and 3-ingredient poly(tridecyl methacrylate) [P(TDMA)] mixture in supercritical CO2and dimethyl ether (DME) have been obtained experimentally with the variable volume-view cell at a high pressure.
The two-step electrosynthesis of nanocomposites of Ag, Au, and Pd nanoparticles with iron(ii) oxide-hydroxide
Authors: Fazleeva Rezeda R. , Nasretdinova Gulnaz R. , Gubaidullin Aidar T. , Evtyugin Vladimir G. , Yanilkin Vitaliy V.
Published: January 2022

The two-step electrosynthesis of metal nanoparticle (MNP, M = Ag, Pd, and Au) nanocomposites with iron oxide-hydroxide FeO-xFe(OH)2 was investigated.
White light emission from lead-free mixed-cation doped Cs2SnCl6 nanocrystals
Authors: Das Adhikari Samrat , Echeverría-Arrondo Carlos , Sánchez Rafael S. , Chirvony Vladimir S. , Martínez-Pastor Juan P. , Agouram Saïd , Muñoz-Sanjosé Vicente , Mora-Seró Iván
Published: January 2022

We have designed a synthesis procedure to obtain Cs2SnCl6 nanocrystals (NCs) doped with metal ion(s) to emit visible light.
Poly(cyclosiloxane–carborane)s for harsh environments
Authors: Zhao Lihua , Li Tianhao , Wang Bijie , Chen Ke , Hu Xiao , Liu Ming , He Liu , Huang Qing , Song Yujie
Published: January 2022

Heat resistant poly(cyclosiloxane–carborane)s resist oxidation and can be used for harsh environments.
Photoinduced SET to access olefin-acrylate copolymers
Authors: Garrison John B. , Hughes Rhys W. , Young James B. , Sumerlin Brent S.
Published: January 2022

Single-electron transfer (SET)-induced decarboxylative backbone radical generation was exploited to produce statistical olefin-acrylate copolymers. Quenching of the backbone radical with an H atom donor yielded ethylene or propylene repeat units.
Synthesis of indeno-[1,2-b]-quinoline-9,11(6H,10H)-dione and 7,7-dimethyl-10-aryl-7,8-dihydro-5H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-9,11(6H,10H)-dione derivatives in presence of heterogeneous Cu/zeolite-Y as a catalyst
Authors: Dhengale Shankar D. , Rode Chandrashekhar V. , Kolekar Govind B. , Anbhule Prashant V.
Published: January 2022

A simple synthesis of indeno-[1,2-b]-quinoline-9,11-(6H,10H)-dione derivatives and 7,7-dimethyl-10-aryl-7,8-dihydro-5H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-9,11(6H,10H)-diones using aromatic aldehydes with heterogeneous CuO on a zeolite-Y catalyst is reported.
Dual-responsive degradable core–shell nanogels with tuneable aggregation behaviour
Authors: Gray Dominic M. , Town Adam R. , Niezabitowska Edyta , Rannard Steve P. , McDonald Tom O.
Published: January 2022

Core–shell nanogels with a poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) core and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) shell display tuneable thermoresponsive behaviour and high degradability.
Ball pen writing-without-ink: a truly simple and accessible method for sensitivity enhancement in lateral flow assays
Authors: Li Zedong , Wu Shuang , Ji Jingcheng , Bai Yuemeng , Jia Pengpeng , Gong Yan , Feng Shangsheng , Li Fei
Published: January 2022

A ball pen writing-without-ink method was developed to amplify the detection signal of LFAs through controlling fluid flow rate.
Waste rubber seeds as a renewable energy source: direct biodiesel production using a controlled crushing device
Authors: Tarigan Juliati Br. , Anggraini Raini , Sembiring Ryan Pratama , Supeno Minto , Tarigan Kerista , Ginting Junedi , Karo-karo Justaman A. , Sitepu Eko K.
Published: January 2022

A multistep and high-cost biodiesel production could be simplified using the direct transesterification (DT) method.
Synthesis of unprotected glyco-alkynones via molybdenum-catalyzed carbonylative Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction
Authors: Darbem Mariana P. , Esteves Henrique A. , Burrow Robert A. , Soares-Paulino Antônio A. , Pimenta Daniel C. , Stefani Hélio A.
Published: January 2022

Thermal ellipsoid representation of compound 3a.
Equilibria between conformational states of the Ras oncogene protein revealed by high pressure crystallography
Authors: Girard Eric , Lopes Pedro , Spoerner Michael , Dhaussy Anne-Claire , Prangé Thierry , Kalbitzer Hans Robert , Colloc'h Nathalie
Published: January 2022

The equilibria between structural states induced by pressure within the crystal structure of Ras are illustrated with different colors corresponding to different Ras substates.
Synthesis, aromatization and cavitates of an oxanorbornene-fused dibenzo[de,qr]tetracene nanobox
Authors: Chen Han , Xia Zeming , Miao Qian
Published: January 2022

A new oxanorbornene-fused nanobox encapsulated C70selectively in solution with a binding constant of (3.2 ± 0.1) × 106M−1. Reductive aromatization of this nanobox led to observation of a new zigzag carbon nanobelt by mass spectroscopy.
Understanding nascent plasmons and metallic bonding in atomically precise gold nanoclusters
Authors: Du Xiangsha , Liu Zhongyu , Higaki Tatsuya , Zhou Meng , Jin Rongchao
Published: January 2022

Cryogenic spectroscopy measurements on atomically precise gold nanoclusters with nascent plasmon resonance reveal a non-thermal origin of electron-gas formation. The birth of plasmon resonance from concerted excitonic transitions is discussed.
Recent developments in state-of-the-art silica-modified catalysts for the fixation of CO2 in epoxides to form organic carbonates
Authors: Raju Navya Anna , Prasad Divya , Srinivasappa Puneethkumar M. , Biradar Ankush V. , Gholap Sandeep Suryabhan , Samal Akshaya K. , Nagaraja Bhari Mallanna , Jadhav Arvind H.
Published: January 2022

The discharge of CO2 into the atmosphere has become a crucial issue for mankind and a great threat to the environment due to the escalating consequences of global warming.
In situ tailored strategy to remove capping agents from copper sulfide for building better lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Wu Donghai , Tang Tingting , Lyu Chongguang , Li Junfeng , Ji Shunping , Yuan Cheng-zong , San Hui Kwan , Zha Chenyang , Hui Kwun Nam , Chen Houyang
Published: January 2022

Schematic illustration of chemical adsorption and electrocatalytic effects of copper sulfide.
Regulation of Ge vacancies through Sm doping resulting in superior thermoelectric performance in GeTe
Authors: Zhang Tingdong , Deng Shuping , Zhao Xiaodie , Ruan Xuefeng , Qi Ning , Chen Zhiquan , Su Xianli , Tang Xinfeng
Published: January 2022

A high thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of 2.5 at 730 K is achieved in Ge1−xSmxTe through synergetic optimization of electrical and thermal transport properties, leading to superior thermoelectric performance of the materials.
White-light defect emission and enhanced photoluminescence efficiency in a 0D indium-based metal halide
Authors: Ran Qidi , Zhang Yan , Yang Jun , He Rongxing , Zhou Lei , Hu Shanshan
Published: January 2022

A white-emissive metal halide (C6H8N)6InBr9with inferior luminescence due to a severe thermal quenching effect has been developed. By doping with Sb3+ions, this effect was effectively suppressed, improving the luminous efficiency up to 71.84%.
Environmental Science: Atmospheres at one year
Authors: Donahue Neil M.
Published: January 2022

Editor-in-chief Neil Donahue reflects on the first year of Environmental Science: Atmospheres and future plans.
Enantioselective “clip-cycle” synthesis of di-, tri- and spiro-substituted tetrahydropyrans
Authors: Alomari Khadra , Sai Pavan Chakravarthy N. , Duchadeau Bastien , Ermanis Kristaps , Clarke Paul A.
Published: January 2022

ω-Unsaturated alcohols were “clipped” via alkene metathesis to a thioester activating group, which was followed by a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed intramolecular oxa-Michael cyclization to yield tetrahydropyrans with excellent enantioselectivity.
Correction: Electrochemically-mediated C–H functionalization of allenes and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to construct tetrasubstituted furans
Authors: He Mu-Xue , Yao Yan , Ai Chun-Zhi , Mo Zu-Yu , Wu Yu-Zheng , Zhou Qi , Pan Ying-Ming , Tang Hai-Tao
Published: January 2022

Correction for ‘Electrochemically-mediated C–H functionalization of allenes and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to construct tetrasubstituted furans’ by Mu-Xue He et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01458g.
Editorial introducing Energy Advances
Authors: Presser Volker
Published: January 2022

Editor-in-Chief, Volker Presser, introduces the first issue of Energy Advances.
A digital‐controlled gate charge detection circuit for short‐circuit protection and condition monitoring of SiC MOSFET
Authors: Yin Shan , Liu Yinyu , Xin Xiong , Wu Yingzhe , Li Hui
Published: January 2022

The safe and reliable operation of power converter requires a protection circuit with fast response when the power device is subjected to the short‐circuit (SC) fault. In addition, the on‐line condition monitoring circuit is beneficial to provide a suggestion for the replacement of aged device. The silicon carbide (SiC) power devices promise the higher power density in the system performance, but is still limited by the poor SC reliability issue. Thus, it is crucial to improve the robustness of SiC‐based power converter from the circuit design. This work proposes a novel gate charge detection circuit for SiC devices. It achieves a high‐speed SC protection against hard switching fault (HSF) based on the difference of Miller capacitance between normal condition and SC fault. Meanwhile, the condition monitoring is achieved based on the high gate leakage current of aged device. A high‐precision analog amplifier circuit is designed to acquire the gate signal. The normal/fault signal is distinguished and the protection is triggered using a digital‐controlled method to reduce the hardware cost. A 600‐ns SC response time is achieved, and the monitoring circuit can differentiate the aged device from the healthy one.
Microgreens - biologically complete product of the XXI century
Authors: Kondratenko E. P. , Vityaz S. N. , Miroshina T. A. , Kuznetsov A.S.
Published: January 2022

Microgreens are a new functional food crop that can facilitate adaptation to urbanization and global climate change, and improve human health. The research was carried out in 2021 at the Department of Landscape Architecture of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy. The aim of the research was to study the technology of cultivation of microgreens of the Brassicaceae family on an aqueous substrate. The objects of research were the seeds of cultivated plants of the Brassicaceae family: Brassica oleracea Broccoli Group broccoli or asparagus, Fortuna, Raphanus sativus radish, Violetta, Lepidium sativum, watercress, Dansky, and Eruca versicaria, arugula, Sicily. It was revealed that microgreens can be obtained from seeds of the Brassicaceae family in 6-12 days. Such a product does not have time to accumulate harmful substances from the atmosphere in a short period of time. When growing microgreens, it is not necessary to use mineral fertilizers, pesticides and, thus, it is possible to obtain environmentally friendly, biologically useful products with low material costs. It was found that, depending on the seeds of the studied crops and their genotype, the cycle of growing microgreens lasts from 6 to 10 days after germination. Depending on the type of culture, the sprouts reached a height of 5-10 cm. The laboratory germination rate was 96-98%.
Influence of cow reproductive tract microbiota on formation of calf upper respiratory tract microbiota
Authors: Metleva Anastasiya Sergeevna , Smolovskaya Oksana Vladimirovna , Pleshkov Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Mironov Alexandr Nikolaevich , Evstratenko Anastasia Leonidovna
Published: January 2022

Diagnosis of latent endometritis and predicting the effect of the inflammatory process on the course of pregnancy and its outcome is a necessary measure when conducting clinical examination of animals. Lack of diagnostic criteria, including microbiological one, cause difficulties for veterinarians in assessing latent endometritis. Often, animals suffering from latent inflammation of the reproductive tract are infertile and cannot be treated. And from cows with dysbiosis of the genital tract, sick young animals are born, lagging behind in growth and development. The aim of the work was to establish the relationship between the genital tract microbiome, the number and species composition of commensals and opportunistic microorganisms on the ability to carry pregnancy. Washes from the oral and nasal cavities were taken from the young born to study the microbiome: lactic acid microorganisms in combination with opportunistic pathogens. As a result of the research, it was found that animals with a low number of lactic acid microorganisms and an increased titer of opportunistic microorganisms were infertile, which led to their culling. In young animals, they are present in the respiratory tract in all samples, together with coccal microorganisms. The study of lactic acid microorganisms is advisable in the diagnosis of inflammatory processes of the reproductive tract and upper respiratory tract.
Pathomorphological changes in the early postnatal period in a calf with abomasum rupture
Authors: Mannova Maria Sergeevna , Kletikova Lyudmila Vladimirovna , Yakimenko Nina Nikolaevna
Published: January 2022

The main cause of the disease and death of calves in the early postembryonic period of development is a feeding disorder. The aim of the work was to analyze macro-and micromorphological changes in the digestive system of a calf with a rennet rupture. To achieve this goal, standard macro-and microscopic research methods were used. Macroscopic examination revealed thickening, erosion of the mucous membrane of the esophageal gutter rollers, accumulation of contents in the scar, mesh and book, hyperemia of the mucous membranes; thinning and rupture of the rennet wall; pronounced hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, thickening of the mucous membrane of the thick section; an increase in mesenteric lymph nodes and a change in their consistency. Microscopically, the thickness of the epithelium, submucosal and muscle layer is most developed in the abomasum and was, respectively, 0.68-0.72 mm, 0.23-0.32 mm and 0.98-1.05 mm. Villi were found in the folds of the scar, numerous well – developed longitudinally oriented protrusions were found in the book, lymphocellular clusters and bottom glands were found in the rennet; folds with well – developed crypts were found in the colon. Thus, as a result of feeding coarse feed, the deceased calf has catarrhal erosive lesions of the esophageal trough; serous-catarrhal abomasitis with signs of hemorrhagic with dilation and perforation in the cardiac part; hemorrhagic omasitis against the background of a book blockage; catarrhal reticulitis; catarrhal ruminitis and catarrhal enterocolitis.
New bacilli-based probiotic for aquaculture: efficacy study on Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Authors: Malkova Angelina , Evdokimov Ivan , Shirmanov Maksim , Irkitova Alena , Dementyev Dmitry
Published: January 2022

The data on the study of the effectiveness of a new probiotic based on strains B. toyonensis B-13249 and B. pumilus B-13250 when growing shrimps are presented. The experiments were carried out on a private farm in Kazakhstan. The control group of shrimps, which did not receive the probiotic, completed the molting process on the 28th day of the experiment, and the experimental group – 10 days earlier. It was also found that the probiotic has a positive effect on the hydrochemistry of water in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The concentration of ammonium (NH3/NH4 +), nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3-) nitrogen in the experimental group did not reach the limit value, in contrast to the control. Based on the obtained results, this probiotic can be recommended for greening aquaculture. The dosage of the probiotic when applied with brine shrimp as feed for shrimp is 1 g/100 g of dry cysts. The dosage of the probiotic when the RAS is added to the water is 5 g/600 l of circulating water once a week.
Application of photometry for diagnostics of nitrogen nutrition in spring barley
Authors: Shchuklina O. A. , Afanasiev R. A.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses a method for diagnosing nitrogen nutrition of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in different phases of the growing season using a photometric device (N-tester) Yara. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Moscow region (Russia) on the Mikhailovsky spring barley variety on sod-podzolic medium loamy soils with a high and medium content of phosphorus and potassium and a low content of humus (1.9). The agrometeorological conditions of the growing season of spring barley were characterized by sharp fluctuations in air temperature and the amount of precipitation over decades of the month and in comparison with average long-term observations. Abundant and prolonged precipitation during the grain ripening phase led to lodging in most of the experiments, which affected the yield. To diagnose crops, a model experiment was laid with the introduction of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers into pre-sowing cultivation with a step of 30, at which the dose of nitrogen ranged from 30 to 150 kg/ha. Diagnostics was carried out in three phases of vegetation: tube emergence ((Z42), earing (Z55), milk ripeness of grain (Z73) with the Yara N-tester and with the help of stem diagnostics according to the modified method of V. Zerling. The results of photometric diagnostics in the stemming phase (Z42) have a strong correlation with the yield of spring barley grain and with the results of stem diagnostics (R = 0.85). Wherein, the N-tester readings in the earing phase (Z55) and milk ripeness of grain (Z73) with yield R = 0.23 and R = 0.17, respectively, have a weak correlation. This is possibly due to lodging of crops and a change in yield, not as a result of poor plant nutrition, but with difficult mechanized harvesting.
Influence of iron nanoparticles (Fe3O4 and Fe2O3) on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant balance of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Kreslavski Vladimir , Ivanov Anatoly , Shmarev Alexander , Khudyakova Alexandra , Kosobryukhov Anatoly
Published: January 2022

More and more attention is paid to the development of technologies using iron nanoparticles in agriculture. In this regard, the effect of treatment of wheat seeds with various concentrations of iron nanoparticles Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 on the accumulation of biomass, the rate of photosynthesis and respiration, as well as on photochemical activity and antioxidant balance was studied. The seeds were treated for 3 h, germinated for 2 days in Petri dishes, transplanted into sand and grown under light for 18 days without mineral nutrition until the third leaf appeared. At a Fe3O4 concentration of 200 mg L-1 a significant increase in the dry biomass of the second leaf by 45% and the rate of photosynthesis by 16% was observed. At a concentration of nanoparticles in the form of Fe2O3 of 200 and 500 mg L-1, an increase in the rate of photosynthesis in the second leaf was also observed, but not in the biomass of the leaves. The activity of photosystem 2, estimated from the Fv/Fm value, also increased in experiments with nanoiron. However, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, guaiacol-dependent peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, decreased. It is assumed that the acceleration of growth at an early stage of wheat development is associated with an increase in photosynthetic processes.
Development of sublimation drying modes of rose hip fruits Freezing drying of rose hip
Authors: Ermolaev Vladimir Alexandrovich , Fedorov Dmitry Evgenievich
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was the selection of effective modes of rosehip sublimation dehydration. An Iney-6M unit was used for freeze drying. The selection of the duration of the sublimation stage and the final drying temperature was carried out. At the same time, such indicators as the duration of drying, organoleptic assessment and the preservation of vitamin C were analyzed. The duration of freeze drying of rose hips with a period of sublimation of 4, 5, 6 and 7 hours was 6, 7, 8 and 8.5 hours, respectively. It was found that with a decrease in the duration of the sublimation stage, a decrease in the quality characteristics of dry rose hips is observed. It was found that when the drying temperature changes from 70 to 40 °C, the drying time increases from 6.5 to 9.5 hours. At the same time, the loss of vitamin C also decreases. Based on the research, the most favorable modes of sublimation dehydration of rose hips have been determined - the final drying temperature is 50 °C and the duration of the sublimation stage is 5 hours. Under these modes, the duration of lyophilization is 8 hours, the total organoleptic assessment is 18.25 points out of 20, and the preservation of vitamin C is 27%. Lyophilized rose hips can be used as an independent product, or ground into powder for adding to other products - confectionery, dairy, bakery products, as well as biologically active additives and functional food.
Agroparks as a network form of business organization in agriculture
Authors: Plakhin Andrey , Kochergina Tatiana , Selezneva Maria
Published: January 2022

In this study, the authors substantiate the relevance of the creation of agro-industrial parks as a network form of organizing the business of agricultural producers. Agro-industrial parks in modern conditions are becoming a kind of growth points for the innovative development of agricultural producers, providing accelerated growth in production and import substitution in order to achieve food security in the Russian Federation and its regions. The results of the study allow us to conclude about the growing interest in this form of business organization.
Method for the influence design assessment of a wheeled agricultural vehicle on the soil
Authors: Balakina Ekaterina , Konshin Alexander , Kochetov Mikhail
Published: January 2022

The impact of a wheeled agricultural vehicle on the deformable support surface determines the vehicle's ability to move, as well as soil compaction, which is not desirable in agriculture. The agricultural machine must not cause more pressure on the ground than is permissible. Therefore, in the tasks of design numerical modelling of the agricultural vehicle movement or trailer, it is required to calculate the specified parameter. It is impossible to calculate without knowledge of the geometric characteristics of the contact spot associated with the normal deformation of the tire under normal load. To calculate these characteristics, it is necessary to have universal dependencies for determining the normal stiffness of the tire. These are available for tires of various purposes. The elastic properties of ultra-low pressure tires are insufficiently studied. Experimental studies of the elastic properties of these tires have been carried out with the authors participation. However, there are currently no dependencies to describe them. This does not provide the possibility of a correct design calculation of the influence of such tires on the soil. The purpose of the work: to develop a universal method for calculating the influence on the soil of agricultural vehicle. A universal method for calculating the impact of a wheeled agricultural machine on the ground has been developed. Universal design-experimental dependence for determining the normal stiffness of ultra-low pressure tires is obtained. It takes into account tire pressure, normal load under specific conditions and geometric characteristics.
Ensuring sustainable spatial development from the perspective of land relations regulation
Authors: Saralinova Dzhamilya , Dokhkilgova Diba
Published: January 2022

Solving new problems of sustainable development of society and territories requires improving the regulation of land relations to meet the managerial, production and technological needs of society. Improving the efficiency of regulating land relations and the use of lands of all categories in the context of their global degradation is one of the most important socio-economic problems in modern conditions. To solve the problems of land management, their rational use and protection, optimization of agricultural production, taking into account the environmental safety of products, an integrated approach to the regulation of land relations is needed, which is provided by the system of land management and land monitoring. The need to improve land relations management is obvious and indisputable, and the topic of the work seems relevant and timely. The purpose of the work is to develop practical recommendations for improving the mechanism of land relations management at the state and municipal level. Management decision-making should be based on the principles of strategic and tactical planning of innovation activities, taking into account the geopolitical, economic and socio-cultural specifics of the territory.
Criteria for assessing food consumption patterns in the brics countries in accordance with sustainable development goals
Authors: Diachkova Anna , Tikhonov Sergey , Tomyuk Olga , Tikhonova Natalya
Published: January 2022

Achieving quality nutrition, food security, ending hunger, combating climate change and other challenges facing the world. These problems can be solved by building a sustainable food pattern. The aim of the article was to assess food patterns in accordance with sustainable development goals (2,3,12): the level of energy consumption and the structure of consumption (WHO recommendations gap), sustainable pattern gap, the share of imported food, the amount of harmful emissions. From the results obtained, the BRICS countries have not yet reached the goals of sustainability in the food system and require measures to change the food pattern: development of local farming, reducing the consumption of ultra-processed products, increasing organic products, reducing poverty and unemployment in the country, reducing the consumption of products that polluted the environment, reducing food waste and losses, buying rational quantities of products for eliminated the risk of product spoilage. These changes will help move towards sustainable food consumption.