bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pilot Testing a Naturalistic Driving Study to Investigate Winter Maintenance Operator Fatigue during Winter Emergencies
Authors: Camden Matthew , Hickman Jeffrey , Hanowski Richard
Published: August 2017

Although numerous research studies have investigated the effects of fatigue in commercial motor vehicle drivers, research with winter maintenance (WM) drivers is sparse. This study pilot-tested the feasibility of evaluating WM operator fatigue during winter emergencies using naturalistic driving data. Four WM operators participated in the study and drove two instrumented snow plows for three consecutive winter months. The operators also wore an actigraph device used to measure sleep quantity. As this was a pilot study, the results were limited and only provided an estimation of what may be found in a large-scale naturalistic driving study with WM operators. Results showed the majority of safety-critical events (SCEs) occurred during the night, and approximately half of the SCEs occurred when participants were between 5 and 8 h into their shifts. Fatigue was identified as the critical reason in 33% of the SCEs, and drivers were found to average less sleep during winter emergencies versus winter non-emergencies. However, one participant accounted for all fatigue-related SCEs. Although data were limited to two instrumented trucks and four drivers, results support the approach of using naturalistic driving data to assess fatigue in WM operators. Future on-road research is needed to understand the relationship between fatigue and crash risk in WM operators.
Evidence for the Root-Uptake of Arsenite at Lateral Root Junctions and Root Apices in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Seyfferth Angelia , Ross Jean , Webb Samuel
Published: August 2017

The uptake of arsenite (As(III)i) at the Casparian band via Lsi1 and Lsi2 Si transporters is responsible for ~75% of shoot As(III)i uptake in rice and, therefore, ~25% of shoot As(III)i is taken up by other transport pathways. We hypothesized that areas devoid of Casparian bands—lateral root junctions and root apices—can transport As(III)i into roots. We analyzed the elemental distribution and As concentration, speciation, and localization in rice roots from soil-grown and solution-grown plants. With solution-grown plants dosed with As(III)i, we sectioned roots as a function of distance from the root apex and analyzed the cross-sections using confocal microscopy coupled to synchrotron X-ray fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy. We observed elevated As(III)i associated with lateral root junctions and root apices in rice. As(III)i entered the stele at lateral root junctions and radially permeated the root interior in cross-sections 130–140 µm from the root apex that are devoid of Casparian bands. Our findings suggest that lateral root junctions and rice root apices are hot-spots for As(III)i transport into rice roots, but the contribution to shoot As requires further research.
Mapping Urban Expansion and Exploring Its Driving Forces in the City of Praia, Cape Verde, from 1969 to 2015
Authors: Silva Patrik , Li Lin
Published: August 2017

Urban expansion is the outcome of intensive human activity within a certain natural environment and may cause ecological and environmental problems, especially on small islands where land is a scarce resource. Praia is the capital city of Cape Verde, located on such an island. Understanding urban expansion will provide good knowledge for urban planning and policy making in balancing urban economic development and natural resource protection. According to available data, the urban expansion in Praia between 1969 and 2015 is observed in four phases (1969–1993, 1993–2003, 2003–2010, and 2010–2015). In order to integrate various data sources, this study applies an available method to coordinate and calibrate map data with different scales and forms into a consistent dataset and then introduces some improvements in the delineation of urban areas. With this data, the driving forces in each phase are explored using regression analysis, by which the main urban expansion processes are presented. We found a decrease in annual growth rate (AGR) of urban expansion after the year 2003 and a parallel stabilization of urban utilization density (UD) and land consumption per capita (LCR). This study also indicates that population is not always the persistent driving factor for urban expansion and the majority of horizontal expansion has occurred in zones with less infrastructure.
Spatial Association of Canine Rabies Outbreak and Ecological Urban Corridors, Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Castillo-Neyra Ricardo , Zegarra Edith , Monroy Ynes , Bernedo Reyno , Cornejo-Rosello Ismael , Paz-Soldan Valerie , Levy Michael
Published: August 2017

In the city of Arequipa, Peru, a rabid dog was detected in March 2015, marking the reintroduction of the rabies virus in the area; more rabid dogs have been detected since then. The presence of free-roaming dogs in Arequipa seems to be higher in dry water channels, which are widespread in the city. We created a geographic information system (GIS) with surveillance data on the location of rabid dogs detected during the first year of the outbreak, as well as the water channels. We conducted a spatial analysis using Monte Carlo simulations to determine if detected rabid dogs were closer to the water channels than expected. Thirty rabid dogs were detected during the first year of the outbreak, and they were statistically associated with the water channels (average distance to closest water channel = 334 m; p-value = 0.027). Water channels might play a role in the ecology of free-roaming dog populations, functioning as ecological corridors. Landscape ecology could assist in understanding the impact of these urban structures on control activities and the persistence of transmission.
Near-infrared-responsive, superparamagnetic Au@Co nanochains
Authors: Vittur Varadee , Kolhatkar Arati G , Shah Shreya , Rusakova Irene , Litvinov Dmitri , Lee T Randall
Published: August 2017

This manuscript describes a new type of nanomaterial, namely superparamagnetic Au@Co nanochains with optical extinctions in the near infrared (NIR). The Au@Co nanochains were synthesized via a one-pot galvanic replacement route involving a redox-transmetalation process in aqueous medium, where Au salt was reduced to form Au shells on Co seed templates, affording hollow Au@Co nanochains. The Au shells serve not only as a protective coating for the Co nanochain cores, but also to give rise to the optical properties of these unique nanostructures. Importantly, these bifunctional, magneto-optical Au@Co nanochains combine the advantages of nanophotonics (extinction at ca. 900 nm) and nanomagnetism (superparamagnetism) and provide a potentially useful new nanoarchitecture for biomedical or catalytic applications that can benefit from both activation by light and manipulation using an external magnetic field.
Formation of Methylamine and Ethylamine in Extraterrestrial Ices and Their Role as Fundamental Building Blocks of Proteinogenic α-amino Acids
Authors: Förstel Marko , Bergantini Alexandre , Maksyutenko Pavlo , Góbi Sándor , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: August 2017

The –CH–NH2 moiety represents the fundamental building block of all proteinogenic amino acids, with the cyclic amino acid proline being a special case (–CH–NH– in proline). Exploiting a chemical retrosynthesis, we reveal that methylamine (CH3NH2) and/or ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) are essential precursors in the formation of each proteinogenic amino acid. In the present study we elucidate the abiotic formation of methylamine and ethylamine from ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) ices exposed to secondary electrons generated by energetic cosmic radiation in cometary and interstellar model ices. Our experiments show that methylamine and ethylamine are crucial reaction products in irradiated ices composed of ammonia and methane. Using isotopic substitution studies we further obtain valuable information on the specific reaction pathways toward methylamine. The very recent identification of methylamine and ethylamine together with glycine in the coma of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko underlines their potential to the extraterrestrial formation of amino acids.
Analyzing the Largest Spectroscopic Data Set of Hydrogen-poor Super-luminous Supernovae
Authors: Liu Yu-Qian , Modjaz Maryam , Bianco Federica B.
Published: August 2017

Super-luminous supernovae (SLSNe) are tremendously luminous explosions whose power sources and progenitors are highly debated. Broad-lined SNe Ic (SNe Ic-bl) are the only type of SNe that are connected with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Studying the spectral similarity and difference between the populations of hydrogen-poor SLSNe (SLSNe Ic) and of hydrogen-poor stripped-envelope core-collapse SNe, in particular SNe Ic and SNe Ic-bl, can provide crucial observations to test predictions of theories based on various power source models and progenitor models. In this paper, we collected all of the published optical spectra of 32 SLSNe Ic, 21 SNe Ic-bl, as well as 17 SNe Ic, quantified their spectral features, constructed average spectra, and compared them in a systematic way using new tools we have developed. We find that SLSNe Ic and SNe Ic-bl, including those connected with GRBs, have comparable widths for their spectral features and average absorption velocities at all phases. Thus, our findings strengthen the connection between SLSNe Ic and GRBs. In particular, SLSNe Ic have average Fe ii
λ5169  absorption velocities of −15,000 ± 2600 km s−1 at 10 days after peak, which are higher than those of SNe Ic by ∼7000 km s−1 on average. SLSNe Ic also have significantly broader Fe ii
λ5169  lines than SNe Ic. Moreover, we find that such high absorption and width velocities of SLSNe Ic may be hard to explain with the interaction model, and none of the 13 SLSNe Ic with measured absorption velocities spanning over 10 days has a convincing flat velocity evolution, which is inconsistent with the magnetar model in one dimension. Lastly, we compare SN 2011kl, the first SN connected with an ultra-long GRB, with the mean spectrum of SLSNe Ic and of SNe Ic-bl.
An Overview of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Esteban Ysabella M. , de Jong Jill L. O. , Tesher Melissa S.
Published: August 2017

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by a dysregulated hyperinflammatory response associated with aberrant activation of lymphocytes and macrophages that results in hypercytokinemia. It is classically divided into two types: (1) primary or familial HLH and (2) secondary HLH. Familial HLH is generally an autosomal recessive condition, whereas secondary HLH is usually associated with infectious diseases, autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases (where it is more commonly known as macrophage activation syndrome), malignancy, immunosuppression, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, organ transplantation, HIV infection, and metabolic diseases. Although its clinical presentation is often similar to bacterial sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome, HLH can be life-threatening. As such, it is imperative to recognize and diagnose HLH in a timely manner to optimize care.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2017;46(8):e309–e313.]
Talking to Adolescents About Social Media
Authors: Dawson Rachel S.
Published: August 2017

I see a large number of adolescents in my clinic with issues related to their social media use. These issues range from lack of sleep, to depression, to cyberbullying, and even sex trafficking, all secondary to constant social media exposure. Pediatricians should ask about social media use when they see children and adolescents who already have access to electronic devices. They should also ask parents about controls that are set in place to monitor social media use, content, and friend connections on those sites. They should ensure that their children know personally everyone they are connected to on social media and that their accounts are always private and not public. This will help reduce many of the issues associated with the potential consequences of social media use.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(8):e274–e276.]
Medicolegal Death Investigation of Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths
Authors: Mitchell Roger A. , DiAngelo Constance , Morgan Daniel
Published: August 2017

This review article describes the role of the medicolegal death investigator and medical examiner or coroner (MEC) in the investigations of a sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) beginning with an introduction into the case types that should be investigated and how infant deaths fit into that legal framework. The article also provides an overview of the history of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SUID investigation guidelines and process. The article concludes with a description of how the MEC correlates the scene investigation with autopsy findings, as well as the role of the MEC in cause of death determinations. There is also a brief discussion on how infant mortality data are captured and subsequently used to decrease infant mortality.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(8):e297–e302.]
IMPROVED NONLINEAR NOISE ESTIMATION IN EEG SIGNAL BASED ON VOLTERRA FILTERS
Authors: Hassani Malihe , Karami Mohammad-Reza
Published: August 2017

Recognition and compensation of undesired nonlinearity is one of the important subjects in the field of digital signal processing. The Volterra model is widely used for nonlinearity identification in practical applications. The current tendency in the digital systems design is the identification and compensation of unwanted nonlinearities. In this paper, we employed a nonlinear noise estimation approach for electroencephalogram (EEG) signal based on a combination of linear predictive coding (LPC) and Volterra filter that is a new and good way to estimate noise in EEG signal. We initially used LPC filter to estimate the noise present in EEG signal (correlated and uncorrelated noise) plus the uncorrelated portion of the signal (the part of the signal that has no linear relation to its past samples). After that, we employed nonlinear Volterra model to estimate the existing noise in EEG signal (correlated and uncorrelated noise). We show that by employing the cascade of LPC and Volterra filter, we can considerably improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in EEG signal by the ratio of at least 1.94. Also, we compared the simulation results to the case where we used just Volterra filter. In comparison with just Volterra filter, we have a significant increase in the SNR.
SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF BLOOD FLOW IN ARTERIES OF THE HUMAN ARM
Authors: Quanyu Wu , Xiaojie Liu , Lingjiao Pan , Weige Tao , Chunqi Qian
Published: August 2017

Arteries in the upper limb play important roles in the circulation system of the human body. In particular, the radial artery has received considerable attention in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Here, a 3D model for the arm arteries has been created uncomplicated, in a Chinese adult’s left hand, from the magnetic resonance imaging data, using professional modeling software to restore the basic structure of the arm artery in human body, before being imported to Ansys software for simulation. Blood model has been only simulated, and using the blood density of constant parameter and viscosity using the Carreau fluid model, and using viscous-laminar model of Fluent to obtain the velocity profile, static pressure and shear stress in the brachial, interosseous, ulnar, radial and palmar arch arteries. In particular, the brachial and bifurcations have the high pressure and velocity profiles. The simulation results obtained here are also validated by those published in the literature and proved the ulnar artery prevails over the radial artery as a blood supplier to the vessels in the wrist and hand.
Media Richness Perspective of Social Media Usage for Learning
Authors: Gyamfi Albert
Published: August 2017

This chapter examines the effect of media richness of four popular social media (Facebook, YouTube, Skype and Wikipedia) applications on their usage for organizational learning. The study is guided by a research framework based on the amalgamation of the SECI model and the media richness theory (MRT). This framework was used to investigate the Ghana Cocoa Board (COCBOD) to investigate which social media platform used by this organization was effective for organizational learning. Data was gathered and analysed using surveys and hierarchical second-order structural equation modeling (SEM). The data was validated using SmartPLS 3. the study concludes that there is a strong relationship between media richness and social media usage for organizational learning.
An Absorptive Capacity Perspective of Organizational Learning Through Social Media
Authors: Boateng Richard , Owusu-Bempah Edna , Ansong Eric
Published: August 2017

The Absorptive Capacity Theory was used as the theoretical lens for this study to help analyze how organizations absorb new knowledge using social media tools and applications. A survey of fashion designers and employees numbering 196 was carried out in 55 fashion firms whereas two fashion firms were used in a case study. Data analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Modelling. The findings from the study suggest that Ghanaian fashion designers do not intensively use social media to assimilate knowledge but rather to acquire, transform and exploit knowledge. The popular social media applications include; Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Facebook, for instance, is used on a daily basis by most Ghanaian fashion designers. Fashion designers use social media to acquire, transform and exploit knowledge through research, interaction, communication, and marketing with suppliers, customers, and other fashion designers. Future research can extend this work by looking at organizational learning and social media use in a different industry.
Knowledge Swarms and Experiential Hives™
Authors: Marsh Philip Donald
Published: August 2017

We stand at the dawn of the greatest evolutionary disruption in the potential for large-scale human learning and development through the rapid convergence of truly transformational communication, cooperation and collaboration technologies and capabilities. The knowledge force is increasingly made up of very diverse employee profiles with differences in not only age and gender, but changing cultural norms and values, pervasive belief systems and large disparities in educational backgrounds. Highly individualised learning styles and behavioural characteristics and a host of other potential societal learning dividers, also magnify the challenge of building truly reflexive and responsive high-impact learning organisations. This chapter introduces the pressing need for a significant step-change in the way we approach company and community learning on a large scale and attempts to offer research-based insights and empirical evidence into media-enriching solutions such as mobile knowledge mentoring which will change the nature and experience of learning forever.
Cyber-Security Intelligence Gathering
Authors: Yeboah-Boateng Ezer Osei , Akwa-Bonsu Elvis
Published: August 2017

Recently, KM has found applications in cyber-security. Though the actionable information gathered is intangible, they are used to improve knowledge sharing in organizations. Key cyber-security objectives are to prevent, detect and respond to threats. Using open-sharing of vulnerabilities and exploits, cyber risks could be mitigated through info-sharing. Cyber-intelligence is perceived as a process and a product, with outcomes being alerts that solicit explicit responses, leading to mitigation of possible threats. Using the Scrum approach, relevant articles and databases were reviewed, towards improving mitigation strategies. A virtual machine experiment utilized various tools to gather intelligence. Results from footprinting were used to design a KM-based Cyber-Intelligence Gathering model that incorporates Lewin's Change Theory. It is intuitive and serves as an effective mitigation strategy for most organizations, especially SMEs. The implication is that knowledge sharing could be harnessed to create a pool of mitigation resources for most enterprises in developing economies.
Adoption of E-Voting System to Enhance the Electoral Process in Developing Countries
Authors: Agbesi Samuel
Published: August 2017

Literature reviewed confirm challenges in the electoral process in developing countries like Ghana. These challenges are mainly Institutional and Technical challenges. The Institutional challenges come from the electoral commission, security agencies such as the Police, and civil society groups that are not well equipped to lend their full support to the electoral process, and also electoral challenges can be identified in three stages, pre-election, during election, and after election. And it is assumed that e-voting system when adopted will resolve this electoral challenges, but the system design should be approach from the Socio-technical perspective so that the system will not fail after implementation.
Pointy brackets for poets: Can an English Major Use XML?
Authors: Bauman Syd
Published: August 2017

For nearly thirty years the Women Writers Project has been training university students in the humanities to encode SGML and XML documents and to edit marked up texts, without the WYSIWYG interfaces that are sometimes thought to be absolutely essential for domain experts interacting with marked up data. A historical survey of the tools and training methods used in the project will be followed by an attempt to identify what can be learned from the project’s experience: what works, what doesn’t work, and what (we think) are the ideal circumstances for teaching XML.
Doing digital humanities today: what does it take? A view from the NEH
Authors: Bobley Brett
Published: August 2017

What does it take to do good digital humanities work nowadays? What counts as solid work? What counts as cutting-edge? Projects involving cultural-heritage data and serving long-term scholarly goals have often illuminated issues in the management of information. The Director of the Office of Digital Humanities at the National Endowment for the Humanities tells us about the current state of the art in digital humanities: what trends are visible in the field, and what tradeoffs face those working in this field.
Schema and SHACL
Authors: Cagle Kurt
Published: August 2017

XSD Schema is a foundational technology for XML. In the RDF space, OWL has long established constraints for the language, but with the advent of more sophisticated SPARQL processes, OWL's weight and complexity is often seen as being to heavy for many business applications. SHACL, the Shape Constraint Language, is a SPARQL friendly validation language that bears a lot of resemblance to XSD. This paper examines SHACL and its relationship to XSD, and maps out how this technology may be an effective bridge not only between XML and RDF but between XML and JSON.
SOCRview: a case study of RESTful web application development for publishing
Authors: Cooper John
Published: August 2017

SOCRview is a RESTful HTTP service layer that exposes content--including transformed, packaged, listed or analyzed content--to other services, programmers writing ad hoc scripts and users through persistent, readable, meaningful and concise URI. Lessons learned from the first proof-of-concept allowed expansion to include customization layers for commonly used delivery formats.
It's more than just overlap: Text As Graph
Authors: Haentjens Dekker Ronald , Birnbaum David J.
Published: August 2017

The XML tree paradigm has several well-known limitations for document modeling and processing. Some of these have received a lot of attention (especially overlap), and some have received less (e.g., discontinuity, simultaneity, transposition, white space as crypto-overlap). Many of these have work-arounds, also well known, but—as is implicit in the term “work-around”—these work-arounds have disadvantages. Because they get the job done, however, and because XML has a large user community with diverse levels of technological expertise, it is difficult to overcome inertia and move to a technology that might offer a more comprehensive fit with the full range of document structures with which researchers need to interact both intellectually and programmatically. A high-level analysis of why XML has the limitations it has can enable us to explore how an alternative model of Text as Graph (TAG) might address these types of structures and tasks in a more natural and idiomatic way than is available within an XML paradigm.
A System to Identify Plagiarized Images in STM Journal Submissions
Authors: Gross Mark , Gross Ari , Shi Yunhao
Published: August 2017

Plagiarism in the scientific community is not new, but has garnered greater attention in the past few years due to higher publication volumes, greater pressure to publish, increased access and the resultant increased readership, and computers that can do the analysis on the fly. To counter the embarrassment, and economic harm, of publishing plagiarized research, testing for text-based plagiarism in journal articles has become a regular practice; for many journals and societies all incoming articles are tested against massive publication databases to avoid future problems.

While text analysis has become common, identifying image-based plagiarism is more complex with significant technical difficulties to overcome, and to our knowledge is not done. This paper describes work we recently completed on a pilot system to compare images in a submitted article against an image publication database, identifying likely matches that warrant further investigation. We also discuss the issues surrounding altered images, including the need to identify likely candidates while minimizing false positives.
Entity Services in Action with NISO STS
Authors: Turner Matt
Published: August 2017

Standards impact nearly every industry and government process, and standards organizations like BSI and ISO have been leading a change in how to provide a variety of audiences not just with the standards documents themselves but with valuable data about standards and the process of standardization. Now, there is a new data standard for standards called NISO STS (National Information Standards Organization Standards Tag Set). Working with ISO and sample content from ISO, MarkLogic has created a demonstration of NISO STS using MarkLogic 9's new Entity Services feature. This reviews the industry impact of standardization of data and how Entity Services can help leverage these standards.
Modeling impacts of climate change and grazing effects on plant biomass and soil organic carbon in the Qinghai–Tibetan grasslands
Authors: Zhang Wenjuan , Zhang Feng , Qi Jiaguo , Hou Fujiang
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The Qinghai Province supports over 40 % of the human population but occupies about 29 % of the land area, and thus it plays an important role in the entire Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). The dominant land cover is grassland, which has been severely degraded over the last decade due to a combination of increased human activities and climate change. Numerous studies indicate that the plateau is sensitive to recent global climate change, but the drivers and consequences of grassland ecosystem change are controversial, especially the effects of climate change and grazing patterns on the grassland biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in this region. In this study, we used the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model and two climate change scenarios (representative concentration pathways: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) to understand how the grassland biomass and SOC pools might respond to different grazing intensities under future climate change scenarios. More than 1400 grassland biomass sampling points and 46 SOC points were collected, which were then used to validate the simulated results. The results showed that compared with the past 30 years, the biomass and SOC exhibited a significant decreasing trend under all grazing intensities in the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, and RCP8.5 had a more negative future effect on the biomass compared with RCP4.5. Thus, future climate change could lead to greater temporal and spatial variations in the grassland biomass and SOC. Overall, climate change may be the major factor that leads to fluctuations in the inter-annual grassland biomass on the Qinghai Province, where the grazing intensity has significantly affected the grassland vegetation dynamics. Therefore, urgent ecological conservation of vulnerable grassland ecosystems is required to effectively regulate grazing practices.
Currículo da comunicação social: um breve estudo sobre o ensino da fotografia na graduação e a formação do fotógrafo comunicador
Authors: Brito Glaucia Da Silva , Moreira Dayana Estevam
Published: August 2017

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa a respeito do ensino da disciplina de fotojornalismo nos cursos de Graduação em Comunicação Social, incluindo as habilitações de Jornalismo, Publicidade e Propaganda e Relações Públicas, ainda vigentes na data em que os respondentes cursaram o ensino superior. A pesquisa realizada levantou dados, por meio de questionário online, com alunos egressos dos cursos das faculdades Opet, Positivo, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Tuiuti, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), UniBrasil e UniCuritiba. Uma breve pesquisa em bancos de teses e dissertações apontou a ausência de trabalhos que se debrucem sobre o ensino da fotografia dentro da matriz curricular do ensino superior, indicando uma área a ser explorada, além de evidenciar uma deficiência de atenção por parte de pesquisadores a respeito do tema. A priori, o trabalho se deu como um recorte de tema sobre o currículo da comunicação social e o ensino da disciplina de fotografia na formação do fotógrafo comunicador, que posteriormente foi aprofundada em uma dissertação de mestrado, cuja realização exigiu nova pesquisa com maior aprofundamento teórico e coleta de dados com novo foco. O resultado desta pesquisa inicial é um ensaio que aponta a avaliação que os ex-alunos dos cursos de Comunicação Social das Universidades supracitadas fazem a respeito do ensino de fotografia que lhes foi oferecido durante a graduação.
Osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 Response in 2D and 3D Cell Cultures Models to High Carbon Content CoCr Alloy Particles. Effect of Metallic Particles on Vimentin Expression
Authors: Perez-Maceda B T , Lopez-Fernandez M E , Diaz I. , Kavanaugh A. , Billi F. , Escudero M L , Garcia-Alonso M C , Lozano R M
Published: August 2017

The study of the biocompability of the metallic materials is a priority treating to avoid the osteolysis and aseptic loosening of prosthesis. Wear debris is considered one of the main factors responsible for aseptic loosening of orthopedic endoprostheses. We examined the response of mouse osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 to high carbon cobalt-chrome (HCCoCr) particles obtained a) from wear-corrosion assays on a pin-on-disk tribometer using as pair an alumina ball and a disc of a HCCoCr alloy, and b) HCCoCr bulk particles obtained by nitrogen gas atomization from an alloy used in clinic for prostheses application. Mitochondrial activity and lactate dehydrogenase activity assayed in 2D and 3D osteoblasts cell culture models were used to evaluate the cellular response to size, shape, and chemical composition of the metallic particles. 2D cell model was used to study the direct interaction of cells with particles and 3D cell cultures was used to more closely mimic in vivo conditions. The results showed that vimentin was overexpressed in the 2D osteoblasts cultures in presence of metal particles. This might be related to the appearance of pseudotumor in the peri-prosthetic vicinity described in some implanted patients.
Subjetividade contemporânea, dispositivos móveis e afetos
Authors: Tucherman Ieda
Published: August 2017

Neste texto propomos pensar a relação entre a subjetividade contemporânea e as tecnologias digitais, especialmente os telefones celulares e alguns de seus aplicativos, sobretudo os ligados às funções da imagem. Genealogicamente recuperam, em tempo real, antigas práticas tais como os filmes familiares dos irmãos Lumière e os diários de viagem, ao mesmo tempo em que modificam as lógicas de afetos e vínculos. Isto implica em pensar no estatuto atual da experiência, hoje midiatizada, na mudança da pergunta ontológica do Quem para o Onde você está, assim como compreender o surgimento e a prática de um novo mercado de produção e consumo de imagens.
Memórias da guerra: um diálogo entre poemas de Odete Semedo e o registro fotográfico do conflito armado de 1998-1999, na Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Calado Karina De Almeida
Published: August 2017

Este artigo analisa o testemunho poético da guerra da Guiné-Bissau, entre 1998 e 1999, a partir de poemas do livro No fundo do canto, de Odete Semedo, comparando-os com fotografias desse período histórico. Objetiva-se discutir a forma como essas duas linguagens, ao dialogarem entre si, “capturam” esse momento do país. Pretende-se demonstrar que, nos poemas, a voz poética assume-se como mensageira da nação, numa escrita que busca registrar o caos e expressar os horrores da guerra. A discussão é ancorada em estudos de Schøllhammer (2002; 2012), sobre o realismo afetivo; em Barthes (1984), que possibilita pensar como se manifestam, na escrita poética e na linguagem fotográfica, o efeito do "Isso foi" barthesiano; e nas reflexões de Huyssen (2000), sobre a paixão pela memória e como as práticas dessa memória podem trazer à tona “outras memórias”.Memórias da guerra: um diálogo entre poemas de Odete Semedo e o registro fotográfico do conflito armado de 1998-1999, na Guiné-Bissau
Cotidiano e anonimato nas cidades: a enunciação peregrina de Rubem Fonseca
Authors: Figueiredo Vera Lucia Follain de
Published: August 2017

Partindo de depoimentos de autores de narrativas de ficção cujas obras ganharam notoriedade na década de 90 do século passado, o artigo consiste numa reflexão sobre a especificidade da literatura urbana de Rubem Fonseca, considerando a estreita relação entre a mobilidade dos pontos de vista e o deslocamento cotidiano dos personagens nas grandes cidades.
A poesia de combate moçambicana: tópicas de um realismo belicoso
Authors: Souza Ubiratã , Vecchia da Rocha e Silva Rejane
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é um mapeamento das práticas artísticas revolucionárias que tiveram lugar em Moçambique durante a luta armada (1964 – 1974) e no período imediatamente posterior. Esse mapeamento deve nos levar em direção a um corpus privilegiado dessa produção que são as coletâneas Poesia de combate I (1979) e Poesia de combate II (1977), a partir do qual procederemos análises de poemas específicos que poderão nos fornecer um pequeno repertório de tópicas correntes que nos permitem traçar um perfil estético do que, a partir do debate literário acerca do função da literatura no ambiente revolucionário de Moçambique, seria considerado, a propósito, de “poesia revolucionária”.
Variação e relações semânticas no léxico Apurinã (Aruak): o “duplo vocabulário”
Authors: Lima-Padovani Bruna Fernanda S. de , Facundes Sidney da Silva
Published: August 2017

O presente trabalho busca demonstrar que padrões metáforicos e metonímicos são mecanismos essenciais na variação da taxonomia Apurinã (Aruak) e importantes na formação das nomenclaturas para fauna e flora dessa língua. Para tanto, o estudo se pauta na Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 2008) e na Semântica Cognitiva (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980; LAKOFF, 1987). Os casos de variação tratados aqui restringem-se à nomenclatura de fauna e flora que constituem o fenômeno de “duplo vocabulário” (uso de duas ou mais formas para designar um mesmo referente em um domínio específico do léxico) presente na língua. Um exemplo disso seria a maneira como os Apurinã nomeiam o termo ‘quatipuru-roxinho’. O mesmo conceito pode ser chamado de axipitiri ou de ãkiti tikakiẽrike. A distinção na formação desse par de nomes é que o segundo termo tem um sentido mais descritivo. A forma ãkiti tikakiẽrike está relacionada ao aspecto da barriga do animal, a qual tem pintas que se parecem com as pintas da onça; por isso essa forma recebe o mesmo nome da onça. Portanto, a motivação de usar o nome que designa ‘onça’, ãkiti, para designar também ‘quatipururoxinho’ é o mapeamento de propriedades físicas da ‘onça’ (domínio-fonte) a propriedades físicas do ‘quatipuru’ (domínio-alvo). O que caracterizaria um processo metafórico. É desse tipo de variação que trataremos e do qual apresentaremos uma análise sobre o seu status linguístico e sócio‑históricocultural em Apurinã.

Palavras-chave: Metáfora. Metonímia. Variação. Duplo vocabulário. Apurinã.
Mal comparando…: os efeitos argumentativos da metáfora e da analogia numa perspectiva cognitivo-discursiva
Authors: Vereza Solange
Published: August 2017

Este artigo, de um modo geral, aborda a questão dos efeitos ideológicos da metáfora na produção de sentidos, sob a perspectiva da linguística cognitiva (LC), área já bastante consolidada nos estudos da linguagem. Mais especificamente, o foco recai no modo como a ideologia pode ser abordada, teórica e analiticamente, na recente vertente dos estudos da metáfora, que contempla o entrelace entre a dimensão cognitiva e a discursiva da linguagem figurada em uso. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo do trabalho é
explorar, teórica e analiticamente, o argumento de que a metáfora, assim como a analogia, tece a argumentatividade – que seria o modo pelo qual a ideologia se configura como um “ponto de vista”, na tessitura do evento discursivo – de uma maneira mais deliberada do que no caso de metáforas conceptuais, que são de natureza fundamentalmente inconsciente. A análise dos exemplos, retirados de corpora autênticos, aponta para a conclusão de que o processo de “realçar” e “esconder” elementos do domínio-fonte,
típico tanto da metáfora quanto da analogia, é usado como um recurso, de natureza cognitivo-discursiva, que se mostra determinante tanto para a construção do objeto do discurso, quanto para sua recepção.

Palavras-chave: Metáfora. Ideologia. Cognição. Argumentação.
A relevância das metáforas como conceitualização das experiências: uma reflexão sobre o ensino/aprendizagem de inglês no ensino regular
Authors: Saldanha Gabriela da Cunha Barbosa
Published: August 2017

Concebendo a metáfora como um meio de conceitualização do mundo a partir de nossas experiências cotidianas, o presente estudo tem como objetivo central identificar as metáforas de estudantes do ensino médio acerca de sua aprendizagem de inglês no ensino fundamental. A pesquisa, realizada em agosto de 2015, apresenta uma natureza mista, utilizando dados qualitativos e quantitativos. A análise do corpus se apoiou nos pressupostos da Teoria da Metáfora Conceitual, em trabalhos já realizados por autores renomados nesse campo, bem como no marco de referência de experiências. Os resultados revelam que, apesar de haver um número maior de metáforas sobre experiências de insucesso relativas à aprendizagem e ao professor, também foram identificadas metáforas acerca de experiências bem-sucedidas, o que demonstra um rompimento com a lógica do “inglês de colégio” e corrobora a tese de que é possível, sim, aprender inglês na escola regular.

Palavras-chave: Metáforas. Experiências. Ensino/aprendizagem de inglês. Escola regular.
A experiência do câncer de mama em palavras: notas sobre as possibilidades emergentes de um corpus temático
Authors: Vanin Aline Aver
Published: August 2017

Este texto busca investigar a emergência de metáforas conceptuais no discurso de pacientes de câncer de mama a partir de uma amostra de corpus de textos extraído de depoimentos publicados em blogs. Partese do pressuposto de que o uso de metáforas conceptuais é inerente à comunicação cotidiana, e que tais aspectos são indícios da forma como a cognição humana interpreta o mundo. Para tanto, será tomada como base a arquitetura teórico‑metodológica da Linguística Cognitiva a fim de analisar como a expressão da experiência relacionada à doença pode dar indícios sobre a sua verdadeira faceta para cada indivíduo. O trabalho justifica-se por lançar luz à importância da conscientização sobre o discurso ligado a relatos de experiência da expressão de percepções físicas e psíquicas, bem como por abrirem-se possibilidades de elaboração de materiais didáticos e de estratégias de ensino para a formação de profissionais da área da saúde no que diz respeito à atenção em comunicação em saúde.

Palavras-chave: Metáforas conceptuais. Corpus. Câncer de mama. Linguística Cognitiva. Experiência.
As metáforas sobre Alzheimer em textos de divulgação científica: um olhar comparativo sobre os jornais O Globo e USA Today
Authors: Martins Suelen
Published: August 2017

Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar, nos jornais online O Globo e USA Today, quais metáforas se pode deduzir a partir das expressões linguísticas utilizadas por jornalistas em matérias de divulgação científica sobre Alzheimer. Os corpora que integram a pesquisa são compostos por matérias de divulgação científica, publicadas nos sites desses jornais, coletadas em um período entre janeiro de 2012 e setembro de 2015. O arcabouço teórico é composto por textos que tratam das noções de metáfora conceptual, de metáfora em discurso da língua em uso, de divulgação científica e metáfora. Conclui-se que a metáfora é utilizada em todo o continuum da divulgação científica, e o Alzheimer é conceptualizado a partir do domínio da GUERRA. Pode-se inferir que os jornalistas utilizam esse tipo de metáfora, uma vez que é convencionalizada devido às experiências negativas relacionadas à ideia de doença.

Palavras-chave: Metáfora. Divulgação científica. Alzheimer. O Globo. USA Today.
Construções idiomáticas com o verbo pegar: uma abordagem sociocognitiva
Authors: Silva Leosmar Aparecido da
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os usos do verbo pegar, especialmente em construções idiomáticas, em dados de língua falada. Metodologicamente, foram coletadas ocorrências do verbo pegar no corpus do Fala Goiana, gravado e transcrito pelo Grupo de Estudos Funcionalistas da UFG. Guiado pelas considerações teóricas da linguística cognitiva, o artigo analisa os usos de pegar em construções idiomáticas, considerando-se a frequência de uso, a mudança de sentido pelo uso, os graus de transparência e opacidade de algumas construções e a aplicação de esquemas imagéticos. Os resultados deste trabalho revelaram que o verbo pegar apresenta alta frequência de uso, o que contribuiu para que ele espraiasse seu estatuto semântico e suas funções lexicais e funcionais. O estudo revelou também que as construções idiomáticas apresentam grau de opacidade ora baixo ora alto. O estudo pode contribuir para a ampliação da gama de estudos sobre particularidades linguísticas de construções idiomáticas do português do Brasil.

Palavras-chave: Cognição. Construção. Idiomaticidade. Metaforização. Verbo pegar.
La metáfora de la búsqueda: análisis de la metaforización kinésica en dos narraciones orales en gallego y portugués
Authors: Rivas Aitor
Published: August 2017

Muchos investigadores, partiendo de las ideas de Hall (1959, 1968), mantienen que el 60% de la comunicación personal es absolutamente no verbal, creyendo asimismo que es mucho más importante lo que transmitimos con nuestros gestos que lo que expresamos verbalmente. Mi corpus de estudio para este trabajo está conformado por la grabación de dos narraciones orales de hablantes nativas de gallego y portugués de Brasil. En este artículo pretendo analizar la intervención de la comunicación no verbal en los procedimientos de metaforización kinésica para transmitir y representar metáforas en esos relatos orales. La metodología de trabajo está basada en las propuestas de análisis de comunicación no verbal formuladas por Birdwhistell (1952, 1970), Poyatos (1994a, 1994b), Bouvet (2001) y Galhano Rodrigues (2007). Después del análisis se puede observar la alta capacidad metafórica de los procedimientos kinésicos.

Palabras-clave: Metaforización. Kinésica. No verbal. Oralidad. Búsqueda.
Metaphor-related figurative language comprehension in clinical populations: a critical review
Authors: Siqueira Maity , Marques Daniela Fernandes , Gibbs, Jr Raymond W.
Published: August 2017

This paper aims to critically review current studies with respect to definitions,
methods, and results on the comprehension of metaphor, metonymy,
idioms, and proverbs under the following clinical conditions: aphasia,
Alzheimer’s disease, autism, brain injuries, specific language impairment,
and Williams Syndrome. A comprehensive search of experimental
psycholinguistic research was conducted using EBSCOhost, PsychInfo,
PUBMED, and Web of Science databases. Thirty-eight studies met the
review inclusion criteria. Results point to deficits in figurative language
comprehension in all conditions considered, lack of clear definitions of
the phenomena investigated, and varied methods throughout the sample.
Patients’ difficulties are attributed to multiple factors, such as a lack of
Theory of Mind, executive dysfunctions, and poor semantic knowledge.
The study of nonliteral aspects of language comprehension in clinical
populations reveals a range of disparate impairments. There was no specific
feature about metaphor-related phenomena identified that could, on its own,
account for the difficulty some populations have to understand figurative
language. Rather, metaphor-related language comprehension difficulties
are often part of pragmatic, linguistic, and/or cognitive impairments.

Keywords: Figurative language. Metaphor. Metonymy. Proverb. Clinical
populations
Música, linguística e cognição
Authors: Rajão Naíssa Carvalho
Published: August 2017

As pesquisas sobre a psicologia cognitiva da música têm se focado prioritariamente na música tonal e a escola cognitivista da década de 1980 buscou formular uma teoria do comportamento humano em termos de sistemas de competências (musicais). Neste artigo faremos uma leitura do artigo “Music, linguistics, and cognition”, de Imberty (2011), no qual este autor analisa a obra de Lerdahl e Jackendoff mostrando as possibilidades e limitações de sua teoria, a GTTM (Teoria Gerativa da Música Tonal).  Além disso, ele destaca os aspectos da obra de Jonh Sloboda, que também analisa a GTTM, e discute seus conceitos e implicações. Lerdahl e Jackendoff foram influenciados pela obra de Chomsky, que traz as concepções de inatismo, a assim propõem uma abordagem generativa para o estudo cognitivo da música. Imberty mostra os questionamentos de Sloboda a respeito da teoria de Lerdahl e Jackendoff e traz à tona as limitações da corrente destes autores. Para explicitar as características da GTTM e a fim de exemplificar esta teoria, faremos também uma análise da canção “Garota de Ipanema”, ícone da música brasileira, de acordo com as categorias propostas pelos autores.  
A leitura hipertextual: da percepção visual às operações cognitivas
Authors: Tiraboschi Fernanda Franco , Figueiredo Francisco José Quaresma de
Published: August 2017

                

Resumo: Neste texto, de caráter teórico, temos como objetivo discutir os elementos articulados no processo de leitura tanto de texto impresso quanto hipertextual no intuito de contribuir para as discussões envolvendo o hipertexto. Para tanto, nos apoiamos nas abordagens ascendente, descendente e sociointeracionistas de leitura (CARREL et al., 1995; DURAN, 2009; FAIRCLOUGH, 1989; GOODMAN, 1976; HUDSON, 2007; LEFFA, 1999), no intuito de discutir as mudanças relacionadas aos fenômenos envolvidos no processo de compreensão leitora. Discutiremos, também, as características do hipertexto, bem como sua leitura a partir da abordagem ecológica da cognição (LÉVY, 2004), confrontando, também, as visões de autores como Snyder (1998) e Xavier (2002). Desse modo, procuramos abordar aspectos relacionados ao processo de leitura, em especial o de hipertextos, considerando os fatores incidentes tanto no sistema de percepção visual quanto no processamento cognitivo de informações relacionadas à linguagem verbal escrita. Por fim, consideramos que nenhuma leitura é linear, uma vez que a cognição humana funciona por meio de associações. Portanto, a leitura tanto de textos impressos quanto de textos virtuais pode ser considerada hipertextual.

 