bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction and identification of certain bioactive compounds with antibacterial activity from the green algae Cladophora glomerate
Authors: Mohammed Ali Hussein , Lhwak Nasser Salh , Jabbar Ahmed Abdulhadi
Published: August 2024

Cladophora glomerata algae extract was used to inhibit the growth of five bacterial species: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Algae samples were collected from the river Euphrates in Al-Fadhiliya/Thi-Qar governorate and extracted into alcohol. The concentrations of the extracts were compared with five antibiotics. The 200% concentration showed the highest effectiveness against bacteria, with an inhibition zone of 28mm. The antibiotics Imipenem and Meropenem had an inhibition zone of 28mm, while Amikacin, Norfloxacin, and Piperacillin had an inhibition area of 12-21mm. The 20% concentration was least effective against E. coli, with an inhibition diameter of 2mm. The alcoholic extract of C. glomerata alga had the highest inhibition region of 28 against K. pneumonia and 13mm against P. mirabilis. The chemical algal contents were identified using mass GC technology, revealing compounds like 10-Undecyn-1-ol, n-hexadecanoic acid, 4,4-dimethyl-1-hex, and isoamyl nitrite, which were found to have the major function of inhibiting bacterial growth
The Protective Role of Nigela Sativa Volatile Oil on Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress Enzymes
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Tawfeeq , Hameed Inas Hazim , Hameed Walaa Hazim
Published: August 2024

Hepatotoxicity is the outcome of a paracetamol overdose.In this study, 40 adult male rats, weighing 180–260 gm and aged between 9 and 13 weeks, were given doses of Nigela sativa oil and their liver enzymes were examined to see how paracetamol affected them. The rats were kept in an environment at a temperature of 25 Co in an animal house.  ,There were four groups of rats, and food was provided for them. (G). (G1) The only injections given to the control group are food and regular saline (0.9% of the time). (G2) 200 mg/kg of N. sativa and (G3) 400 mg/kg of paracetamol Addition of 400 mg/kg body weight of paracetamol. supplying 300 mg/kg B.W. of N. sativa to (G4)400 milligrams/kg B.W. of aspirin. Rat G2, GPT 87.80 IUL, and GOT hepatic enzyme concentration (129.32 IUL) all exhibit significant increases in comparison to the control. Furthermore, the levels of the liver GSH enzyme in rats (G2 )1.24 IUL shown a substantial increase, whereas G3 ( GOT ) 91.9 IUL, (GPT )76.70 IUL, and group (G4) GOT 109.88 IUL and enzyme (GPT ) 55.66 IUL exhibited significant declines as compared with control. While MDA enzyme in rats G2 (0.259 IUL) shows a major increase in comparison to the control, rats G3 (0.139 IUL) and G4 (0.112) show a noticeable decrease in comparison to G2. While body weight indicates that G2's outcomes are significantly lower than those of the other three groups. Groups G3 (2.55 gm) and G4 (2.7 gm) demonstrated a significant rise in liver weight compared to controls and G2, whereas groups G2 (24.23 gm) demonstrated a significant increase in liver weight compared to controls and group G2. Male rats in groups G2 (1.7 gm) demonstrated a significant drop in liver weight compared to controls.
A Comparative Study of Biomarker Levels for Iraqi Individuals’ Smokers and Non-Smokers Depending on the Duration of Smoking
Authors: Abbood Shaymaa Saadi , Ibraheem Aseel Khalil , Hashim Heyam A , Challoob Muntadher Hussein
Published: August 2024

Smoking is a widespread public health challenge globally, impacting societal health and economy while elevating the risk of cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases. This study aims to examine hematological parameters (HB, PCV%, WBC, RBC, PLT, ESR), liver and kidney function, lipid profile, and electrolytes (K+, Na+, Ca++) in male smokers aged 20-55 from Baghdad City, subdivided by smoking duration (≥5 years and <5 years), compared to non-smoking controls. A total of sixty participants were recruited across three areas (Diyala Bridge, Mada'in, Talbieh), with each group comprising thirty individuals. Venipuncture was performed for blood sample collection. Results revealed statistically significant elevations in total WBC and RBC counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and liver enzymes (GOT, GPT, ALP) among smokers compared to non-smokers (p<0.05 or p<0.001). Serum uric acid, urea, and creatinine levels were significantly higher in smokers (p<0.001), while triglyceride levels showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between groups. Smokers with longer duration (>5 years) exhibited higher HB, triglyceride, and Na+ levels compared to shorter-term smokers. Sensitivity analysis indicated Na+ as a potentially effective biomarker for smoking-related health impacts, complementing PCV% and urea sensitivity. The study underscores the association between smoking and oxidative stress, notably reflected in elevated GOT and GPT levels, suggesting implications for antioxidant therapies in managing smoking-induced oxidative damage. These findings contribute novel insights into biomarker responses influenced by smoking duration and advocate for targeted public health strategies and further research into antioxidant interventions to mitigate smoking-associated health risks effectively.
Efektifitas Pijat Perineum Dalam Mencegah Terjadinya Laserasi Perineum dan Episiotomi Pada Persalinan Normal di BPM. Sri Wahyuni Surabaya
Authors: Marifah Umi
Published: August 2024

One of the fears that are often perceived by the third trimester pregnant women that their perineal laceration during delivery. The soft tissues and structures around the perineum will be damaged. The damage is usually more common in primipara. Results of a preliminary study on BPM. Sri Wahyu Surabaya primigravid there are 78 people who gave birth in January to March 2015, the number of mothers who undergo perineal laceration many as 64 people (82%). One effort to prevent perineal lacerations that massage the perineum. Perineal massage is a massage technique perineum start 34/35 weeks gestation until just before delivery to increase blood flow and increases the elasticity of the perineum. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of perineal massage in preventing perineal lacerations and episiotomy in normal labor in BPM. Sri Wahyu Surabaya. The study was conducted for 8 months. The study design is Static-Group Comparison of design population is primigravida in BPM. Sri Wahyu Surabaya as many as 44 people. The research sample using techniques Quota sampling as many as 40 people consisting of a control group of 20 people and the treatment group of 20 people. The results of the analysis of Fisher's Exact test showed the value of p = 0.000 (<0.05), then massage the perineum affect the occurrence of perineal lacerations in normal labor between the intervention and control groups, so that perineal massage can be applied mainly on primigravidae to prevent episiotomy in normal labor.
What information do people want to know about hijamah?
Authors: Rahmadi Agus Rahmadi
Published: August 2024

The purpouse of the reseaech is to explore community knowledge about cupping and identify the scope of information which is eiger to find out by community about cupping. This research uses qualitative method with phenomenological approach. The subjects of the research is the peoplewho have and have not cupping. Data collection was carried out through detail interviews using interview guidance. The research was conductedfrom May-June 2017 at PKM Tarumajaya, Clinic and RB Umi Rahma and Bekasi District Hospital. Sample is done by purposive sampling.The number of participants who get involved is 17 participants. Discussions in this study research include community knowledge,false views about cupping, cupping skepticism, and information which is eager to find out about cupping. These include the history of cupping,the edge of doing cupping, time for doing cupping, the point location of cupping, cupping indication, cupping contraindications, the equipment of cupping,the way of doing cupping, the procedure of cupping, the position of doing cupping, the weakness of cupping, the effects of cupping, the evaluationof cupping, the protection of cupping, the implemtentation of cupping, the security of cupping, formal implementation of cupping, cupping duringfasting, Cupping versus medical treatment, cupping versus traditional medicine. The lack of public knowledge about cupping tends to lead tothe stigmatization of cupping. It is advised to the government to make special rules of cupping and for service providers cupping in order tobetter promote cupping as a safe alternative treatment to the community.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Tanaman Ciplukan (Physalis Angulat L.) sebagai Terapi Anemia pada Remaja di Masa Menstruasi
Authors: Yunita Emi , Apidianti Sari Pratiwi
Published: August 2024

Anemia is often associated with conditions of weakness, fatigue, lethargy due to lack of iron in the blood. Not only in adults, children and even toddlers can be affected by anemia. A survey shows that anemia is higher affected to women than men. If anemia occurs in a girl, the effect is not only on the child but also to the next generation. This research is an experimental analytic research, a study based on the level of neutrality place of research to survey research and naturalistic (qualitative). In essence, the experimental research is examining the effect of treatment on behavior that arises as a result of treatment. This study aims to determine the use of Ciplukan extract to increase the iron in the blood, whether it has influences to the increase in hemoglobin levels, so that it can be used as a therapy for anemia That has experienced by adolescence during menstruasion. In addition, the study also obtained information on how to reduce the intensity of menstrual pain by using non-pharmacological techniques, namely by consuming of Ciplukan extract.
Hubungan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini dengan Kestabilan Suhu Tubuh pada Bayi Baru Lahir di RS Muhammadiyah Gresik Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Nuraini Nanik
Published: August 2024

The problem discussed in this scientific paper is the relationship between the initiation of Early Breastfeeding and the stability of the newborn's body temperature, the aim is to find out the relationship of the initiation of Early Breastfeeding with the stability of the body temperature of the newborn. The purpose of this study is the relationship between Early Breastfeeding Initiation and Body Temperature Stability in Newborns at Muhammadiyah Hospital Gresik, Gresik Regency. In this study using a case control approach. The population in this study were 39 newborns in Muhammadiyah Hospital Gresik, Gresik Regency. The study sample was 20 newborns at Muhammadiyah Hospital Gresik taken from the population by determining the sample size using the Slovin formula. The design of this study used a case-control design. Cases were taken from infants that received IMD while controls were newborns who had normal body temperature. Techniques data collection through interviews and observations to obtain primary data, while secondary data are obtained by tracking the patient's medical record documents. Data processing techniques follow the steps : editing, coding, data entry, tabulation, and scoring. While the data analysis used the Chi Square test.  The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the value of X2hit (10,588)> X2 table (3.8415) or p-value (0.009) <alpha (0.05). Based on these results the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, meaning that there is a relationship between the initiation of early breastfeeding and the stability of body temperature in newborns at Muhammadiyah Hospital Gresik.
Hubungan Usia dengan Kejadian Preeklamsia pada Ibu Hamil di RSUD Kabupaten Kediri Tahun 2018
Authors: Ertiana Dwi , Wulan Suci Retno
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of age with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in Kediri District Hospital. The study was conducted on April 8 to April 25, 2019 in Kediri District Hospital using instruments in the form of document sheets, namely the patient's medical record. The research method used was an analytical survey with a retrospective cohort approach, with independent variables of age in pregnant women and dependent variables for the incidence of preeclampsia. The total population of 3,096 respondents with a Simple Random Sampling sampling technique obtained as many as 179 respondents. The results showed almost half of the respondents (32.4%) 58 respondents were at risk of age who suffered preeclampsia in pregnancy and a small proportion of respondents (14%) 25 respondents were of non-risk age who suffered preeclampsia in pregnancy. Analysis using Chi Square obtained p value = 0,000 <α 0,05, CC value = 0,376, CI value = 2,962 - 10,718 and OR = 5.6, so Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted means there was a relationship between age and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in Kediri District Hospital. Mothers with an age at risk of being prone to preeclampsia because of an oxidative increase so that the production of trophoblast apoptosis and necrotic debris also increases, this causes a systemic inflammatory reaction. To prevent the occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women can make early detection in pregnancy.
Employability of forestry graduates: evidence from a state university in the Philippines
Authors: Cortado Jay Mark G.
Published: August 2024

Employability is a measure of the effectiveness of an academic program in the quality of its graduates.
However, insufficient data on employability of forestry graduates are still observed, particularly in northern Philippines. Hence, the study aimed to trace the employment of BS Forestry (BSF) graduates in DMMMSU from 2015 to 2022. The study used descriptive research design to describe the BSF graduates' socio-demographic characteristics, educational background, and initial employment profile. Survey was employed as data collection method, and quantitative techniques were used for analysis. Results revealed that majority of graduates were female and had been awarded college scholarships; some graduated with honours and awards. Majority were licensed foresters, while very few had other professional eligibilities. Most were employed at least once after graduation and were professional contractual employees of companies, mainly in agriculture, hunting, and forestry. Salaries and benefits were the primary reason for acceptance of jobs, while most secured forestry-related jobs within six months after their graduation. The gross monthly income for a great majority of the initial forestry-related jobs reported was less than PhP 15,000.00. Most employed graduates agreed that their program and curriculum were related and relevant to their jobs. However, regular updating of curriculum and instruction is the major suggestion of graduates to improve the program.  The likelihood of gaining employment after graduation significantly increases when school support services are provided for career and job placement. Honours and awards in college were seen to be significant factors contributing to the employability of forestry graduates.
Dimensions of program relevance towards employment success: Evidence from a graduate tracer study using principal component analysis
Authors: Sarsale Melvin , Garcia Catherine , Uy Ingrid
Published: August 2024

In this paper, the researchers use data from the tracer study to characterize the graduate’s employment profile, assess the perceived contribution of the program to their personal and professional growth, evaluate the perceived effectiveness of the delivery of the graduate program, and explore significant dimensions of curricular program relevance toward employment success. Tracer studies are common in higher education to evaluate, using relevant metrics, the effectiveness of the curricular programs. The researchers employed a cross-sectional research design and analyzed the results from a tracer study conducted in a Philippine state university among its graduates in the Master in Management program from 2020-2022 using descriptive, open-coding, and principal component analysis techniques. The results revealed that pursuing graduate studies enhanced graduate’s employment opportunities. The effective delivery of the graduate program contributes to the personal and professional growth of the graduates. Developing the graduate’s personal skills is shaped by many factors encompassing people, problem-solving, information technology skills, meeting present and future professional needs, exposure to the local and international communities within the field of specialisation, critical thinking skills, salary improvement and promotion, and personality development. Improving the graduates’ professional skills entails a strong foundation in the academic profession, research capability, learning efficiency, and communication skills. Indeed, the professional and personal growth of the graduates are the critical dimensions of curricular relevance. The graduates give a premium on the aspects of the curriculum that lead to their personal and professional development.
The value of employability-focused assessment: Student perceptions of career readiness
Authors: Harris-Reeves Brooke , Pearson Andrew , Vanderlelie Jessica , Massa Helen
Published: August 2024

Post-graduation employment outcomes remain a central focus for students, tertiary institutions, and governments. This interest has seen universities now aiming to provide students with a wide variety of authentic employability or career readiness opportunities to support each student’s work-ready preparedness, in a scalable and transferrable manner. This study explored the extent to which students perceive and value career readiness opportunities undertaken within their undergraduate degrees. Scaffolded opportunities and assessments were undertaken by students enrolled in professional and generic degrees within a Health Faculty. The activities and their assessment design aimed to support student career planning and readiness for future employment. This research affirmed the importance of embedding employability-focused curriculum throughout the degree, especially in first-year subjects within both professional and generic degrees. Whether the employability activity was a stand-alone assessment task, or intentionally designed to explicitly address employability and career readiness over the entire semester, students appreciated it. They recognised the value of these initiatives in enhancing their career readiness and facilitating their transition to employment. Multiple employability assessments scaffolded within subjects and throughout degrees can effectively cater to diverse student groups, providing opportunities to enhance their skills and confidence as they navigate the path to employment.
ECG-Based Cardiac Disease Detection in Time-Frequency Domain using Grid Search Optimized Wavelet Transforms
Authors: Diwakar  , Raj Prof. Deepa
Published: August 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including abnormal arrhythmias and congestive heart failure, are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with electrocardiogram (ECG) signals serving as a critical diagnostic tool. This study introduces a novel approach for classifying diseases in ECG signals into three categories: normal sinus rhythm (NSR), abnormal arrhythmia (ARR), and congestive heart failure (CHF). The classification is based on a combination of features extracted from both the time domain (mean and standard deviation) and the frequency domain (power spectral density and spectral centroid) of the ECG signals. Additionally, energy values from selected frequency bands are utilized. To enhance the model's robustness, incorporate data augmentation techniques, including time-shifting and flipping of the signals. These augmented datasets are then employed with various classifiers, and an optimization process using grid search is applied to enhance the classification performance. This methodology presents a promising framework for automated ECG signal analysis, The results of the proposed work have been exceptionally promising, showcasing a remarkable specificity rate of 99.7% and achieving an accuracy level of 99.58%. These findings hold significant promise for advancing early detection methods and enhancing patient outcomes in the realm of CVDs.
Targeted genotyping (90K-SPET) facilitates genome-wide association studies and the prediction of yield-related traits in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: Lippolis Antonio , Gezan Salvador A. , Zuidgeest Jorrit , Cafaro Valeria , Dinter Bert-Jan , Elzes Geert , Paulo Maria-João , Trindade Luisa M.
Published: August 2024

Background
Establishing faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as a major protein crop in Europe requires developing high-yielding varieties. However, the genetic regulation of yield-related traits is currently under-explored. These traits can be improved by exploiting the extensive but largely uncharacterized faba bean germplasm. Our study aimed to identify associations between 38,014 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and flowering time (FT), plant height (PH), pod length (PL), seeds per pod (SP), and single seed weight (SSW) in 245 faba bean accessions (CGN population) via a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). The accessions were grown in 2021 and 2022 in the Netherlands. Additionally, we developed genomic selection (GS) models to predict the genetic merit within large germplasm collections.
Results
The CGN population was an optimal panel for performing high-resolution GWAS, showing large phenotypic variation, high narrow-sense heritability for all traits, and minimal genetic relatedness among accessions. Population structure analysis revealed the presence of four genetic groups. GWAS uncovered 33 SNP-trait associations in 2021 and 17 in 2022. We identified one stable QTL for FT and four for SSW over the two years, representing key molecular markers for testing in breeding applications. Short linkage disequilibrium decay (~268 Kbp) facilitated the identification of several important candidate genes with interesting homologs in other crops. Ten SNPs in 2021 and five in 2022 were predicted to be intra-genic missense variants, potentially altering protein function. Moreover, modeling the SNP effect simultaneously via Bayesian GS showed promising predictive ability (PA) and prediction accuracy (ACC), supporting their potential application in germplasm-improvement programs. Predictive ability ranged from 0.58 to 0.81 in 2021, and 0.47 to 0.85 in 2022 for different traits. Additionally, across-year predictions showed stable PA.
Conclusion
GWAS revealed promising QTLs for use in molecular breeding and highlighted new candidate genes. Interestingly, the prediction of intra-genic SNPs categorized 15 SNPs as putatively affecting protein function. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time in faba bean that GS has the potential to unlock untapped diversity in genebank collections and accelerate trait integration into faba bean breeding programs.
Diversity-enhanced Conversational Recommendation via Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Zihan , Feng Shi , Wang Daling , Song Kaisong , Wu Gang , Zhang Yifei , Zhao Han , Yu Ge
Published: August 2024

Multi-round Conversational Recommendation (MRCR) system assists users in finding the items they need with the fewest dialogue rounds by inquiring about desired features or making tailored recommendations. Numerous models employ single-agent Reinforcement Learning (RL) to accomplish MRCR and improve recommendation accuracy. However, they overlook the diversity of conversational recommendations and primarily focus on popular features or items. It impacts the fair visibility of the items and results in an unbalanced user experience. We propose a diversity-enhanced conversational recommendation model (DECREC), which is built on our proposed multi-agent RL framework. Three agents col-laboratively determine the actions at each round of the MRCR and each agent autonomously explores and learns distinct facets of the task. Compared to a single agent, their collaboration fosters the exploration of a more extensive array of actions to improve diversity. Furthermore, we introduce a dynamic experience replay method that balances long-tail and head data ensuring each learning batch includes long-tail samples, keeping the model attentive to these less common but important data. Moreover, we integrate feature entropy into the feature value estimation process during training to encourage the model to explore a broader spectrum of features, thereby indirectly enhancing the diversity of recommendation results. Extensive experiments on four public datasets demonstrate that DECREC reduces bias in MRCR and achieves optimal recommendation diversity and accuracy. Our code is available at https://github.com/wzhwzhwzh0921/ DECREC.
Antifungal activity of essential oils in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and alternative control of bean anthracnose
Authors: Hoyos Julián Mauricio Agredo , Dorigan Adriano Francis , Silveira Patrícia Ricardino da , Labory Claudia Regina Gontijo , Júnior Pedro Martins Ribeiro , Fernandes Rafael , Alves Eduardo
Published: August 2024

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, is the major disease of the common bean and causes serious economic losses. In the present study, we evaluated: (i) the antifungal activity of 26 essential oils (EOs) in the germination and mycelial growth of pathogen races 65 and 73, (ii) ultra structural changes of Cymbopogon citratus, Eugenia caryophyllata and Cymbopogon martini EOs in fungal conidia, (iii) the effect of these EOs on anthracnose control, applied before and after inoculation, and (iv) the effect of C. citratus EOs on the activity of defense enzymes on bean plants. Among the 26 EOs, C. citratus, C. martini, Cinnamomum sp., T. vulgaris, E. caryophyllata and M. recutita inhibited 95% conidial germination of fungal strains in concentrations lower than 0.1%. Mycelial growth was completely inhibited by C. citratus, E. caryophyllata and C. martini at 0.1% for 65 and 73 races. There was little mycelial growth in the fungicide treatment 4 DAI. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ultrastructure showed that C. citratus, C. martini and E. caryophyllata had direct antifungal action against C. lindemuthianum. These EOs caused serious ultrastructural damage to conidia, such as vacuolization, cytoplasm leakage and invagination of plasma membrane. Cymbopogon citratus and E. caryophyllata reduced anthracnose severity in both preventive and curative experiments. The activity of plant defense enzymes increased in the treatment with C. citratus. Essential oils show potential for the management of bean crop disease, especially anthracnose caused by C. lindemuthianum.
Frontiers and hotspots in induction chemotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a bibliometric and visualized study from 2000 to 2022 by Bioinformatics and Cancer Database Analysis
Authors: Xu Wei , Wu Yifan , Lu Hao , Xu Wanlin , Liu Shengwen , Yang Wenjun
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, posing a significant threat to patient survival. Induction chemotherapy (IC) is an established therapeutic approach for advanced, unresectable OSCC, proven effective in controlling tumor progression and preventing distant metastasis. Despite its clinical significance, there is a lack of bibliometric studies in this research domain. This article aims to address this gap by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis, which will shed light on the key areas of focus and provide insights into the research landscape of OSCC induction chemotherapy.
Methods: The relevant articles were identified using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). To examine the co-occurrence relationships across countries/regions, institutes, authors (cited authors), journals (cited journals), references, and keywords in this research field, bibliometric analysis was conducted with the assistance of two software tools, VOSviewer and CiteSpace. This approach enables a comprehensive exploration of the frontiers and hotspots within the field.
Results: A comprehensive collection of 227 publications was assembled between 2000 and 2022. Overall, both the number of publications and citations display a steady annual increase, with the peak observed in 2021 and 2022. China and the United States jointly occupy the first rank in terms of total publications (n = 46), with Japan following closely behind (n = 32). Among the academic institutions, Shanghai Jiao Tong University has made the most substantial contribution, with 26 publications. In the realm of authors, Zhong Laiping secures the top position in the list of the top 10 authors (n = 13), whereas Posner MR and Vermorken JB are equally distinguished as the most co-cited authors (n = 104). The research field's most prolific journal is Oral Oncology, which boasts the highest number of publications (n = 24), while the Journal of Clinical Oncology claims the greatest number of co-citations. Conducting a co-occurrence and cluster analysis on the references cited, it was discovered that the recent research focus has shifted from radiochemotherapy and oral cancer to paclitaxel. Keyword analysis unveils that current research on induction chemotherapy for OSCC underscores the significance of chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin, docetaxel, and fluorouracil.
Conclusion: Despite the relatively modest number of publications, research on induction chemotherapy for OSCC is steadily growing. Currently, the primary focus of investigation revolves around drug selection for this therapeutic approach. This article provides an overview of the prevailing trends in this field and identifies potential directions and hotspots for future research.
Generalized Similarity Distance based Canonical CorrelationAnalysis (GSDCCA) for Multiview Data Representation
Authors: Gupta Surendra
Published: August 2024

Data representation has a significant impact on how well the standard multi-viewmachine learning algorithms perform. Existing data representation methods commonly construct a latent subspace such that transformed projections of sample datafrom multiple views are maximized in the common subspace. Different views aregenerally heterogeneous and may contain either similar or complementary information. To be able to remove common information from multiple views such that thedata contains unique information, an extension of the Canonical Correlation Analysis is presented in this paper as the Generalized Similarity Distance based CanonicalCorrelation Analysis (GSDCCA). The proposed approach exploits complementaryand coherent information between the views and intrinsic structural informationwithin the view to build a comprehensive latent space for multi-view machine learning algorithms. The Bhattacharya similarity distance approach is used to exploit thecomplementary and coherent information between the views to project the sampledata onto a common subspace for correlation analysis. Moreover, local neighbouring information is exploit as to obtain the view that preserves the local structureinformation of sample data while performing global dimensionality reduction. Experiments on real-world datasets and synthetic datasets demonstrate that the GSDCCAapproach can build a vast latent space that consistently captures the complementaryand coherent information between views and intrinsic structure information withinthe view. The performance of the proposed approach was compared to other relatedapproaches, and the results show that it is an effective and promising approachfor real-world applications and superior to other state-of-the-art approaches. It isalso observed that the method is highly suitable where views contain lots of similarinformation.
A new counting method for measuring and evaluating dynamic loads
Authors: Mahler Michael , Mahler Kerstin
Published: August 2024

The evaluation of dynamic loads could be complex but there exists well implemented evaluation and analyses approaches in an industry context such as counting methods and Fourier transformation. Multiple use cases such as in acoustics, electronics, magnetics, mechanics (durability, CAM machines), … exists. Currently, such long-time standards in evaluation and analyses will be well known. However, new requirements will be caused for example by upcoming big data approaches or long-time data evaluation. In addition, often multiple evaluation methods will be required and often alternative methods with different benefits have to be implemented. Thus, place for evaluation is given to reduce multiple methods used parallel or alternatively and to address new requirements. In this paper, the stage of technology will be discussed, an introduction into a new counting approach will be provided and benefits of the new counting method will be presented. The benefits will be summarized to potential of reduced energy consumption (green technology), cost reduction (economy optimization), further and new evaluation potential.
Energy consumption estimation of a local blockchain implementation for an energy community
Authors: Dhorbani Amira , Abbes Dhaker , Stephant Matthieu , Labrunie Antoine , Robyns Benoît , Hassam-Ouari Kahina
Published: August 2024

An innovative approach to optimizing energy exchanges within an energy community is introduced through the implementation of a local blockchain. User privacy is protected, and comprehensive distributed optimization is ensured without the need for third-party intervention. Optimization is conducted using an Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. This algorithm operates within the blockchain environment to facilitate consensus among users. Python clients, working within the blockchain, are employed for the local optimization of power profiles. Furthermore, a smart contract is deployed on the blockchain, acting as a critical tool to ensure that global constraints are adhered to. This approach underscores the pivotal role of blockchain in enabling distributed optimization and consensus within an energy community.
Simulations are conducted to compare two distinct consensus mechanisms: Proof of Work and Proof of Authority. The energy consumption of the overall blockchain environment is measured and compared to a centralized situation. Findings indicate that for a limited number of nodes, both Proof of Work and Proof of Authority exhibit similar energy consumption levels. Compared to a centralized solution and specifically, for eight users, energy consumption of the blockchain is found to be 47% more.
The research suggests that for a larger number of nodes, a local blockchain could potentially be more energy-efficient than a centralized solution for optimization. This insight presents a promising direction for the large-scale development of blockchain-based energy exchange mechanisms.
The spillover effects of top-income inequality on innovation
Authors: Antonelli Cristiano , Pialli Guido , Tubiana Matteo
Published: August 2024

The existing literature has widely explored the impact of technological change on income inequality. The reverse relationship – from income inequality to innovation – has received considerably less attention. This paper contributes to fill this gap by advancing and testing the hypothesis that higher levels of top-income inequality enhance innovation and entrepreneurship. Our empirical analysis confirms that top-income inequality increases the formation of new establishments and startups across USA cities over the past two decades. Moreover, higher top-income inequality is associated with a greater proportion of new high-tech and high-growth firms. We support these findings by showing that households in the top-tail of the income distribution keep larger shares of risk assets, exhibit a greater propensity to save, and display higher levels of propensity to risk.
JEL classification: D31, D63, G24, L26, O33.
Evaluation of Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Printing and Three- Dimensional Miniplates in Treatment of Anterior Mandibular Fractures: Clinical Study
Authors: Abouelkhier Mazen , Saber Mohamed Elsayed , Sweedan Ahmed Ossama , Elashwah Adham
Published: August 2024

Background
There are strong torsional forces acting on the anterior mandible fractures. Maxillofacial surgery makes extensive use of digital technology, and three-dimensional printing is now an integral element of the workflow in several areas of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Three-dimensional (3D) miniplates had been proposed by several researchers as a good option for mandibular fracture fixation.
Methods
15 Patients with anterior mandibular fractures were included in the study. All patients undergone computer tomography (CT) scan and the data were imported in Mimics software. The unaffected healthy side was mirrored to the fractured side. Bone fixation three-dimensional plates were prebent and adapted on the model printed by three-dimensional printing machine, submitted to sterilization, and were used for bone reduction and fixation. An immediate postoperative CT scan was taken to evaluate the accuracy of virtual planning and after 3 months for evaluation of bone healing.
Results
Clinical observation revealed good stable occlusion and there was no significant difference between the postoperative three-dimensional image of the mandible and the virtually reduced mandible in the preoperative plan. The Hounsfield units (HU) measured on CT images after 3 months revealed good bone healing.
The Protective Role of Royal Jelly against the Biochemical and Structural changes of Penile Corpora Cavernosa in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Alshali Rasha A , El-Aziz Gamal S. Abd , Aggad Waheeb S. , Mustafa Hesham N.
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a leading cause of erectile dysfunction (ED). Understanding the structure of erectile tissue within the penile corpora cavernosa and their pathological changes in these tissues is essential for developing protective and therapeutic strategies. As the current diabetes management does not protect against ED, promising natural agents such as royal jelly (RJ), which has variable bioactive components that possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties are needed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of induced DM on the biochemical and structural components of the corpora cavernosa and to evaluate the protective effect of RJ on these parameters. Forty adult albino male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, the RJ group: received oral RJ (100 mg/kg/day), the diabetic group: subjected to induction of DM by using Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally; and the diabetic and RJ groups: subjected to DM induction and received RJ. All rats were sacrificed after 60 days; blood was drawn to estimate differences in diabetes parameters, testosterone levels, oxidative/antioxidant markers and nitrous oxide (NO) concentrations. Additionally, penile tissues were fixed in formalin for histological and immunohistochemical studies. STZ-induced DM results in marked hyperglycemia, decreased insulin, testosterone, and NO levels; and oxidative/antioxidative imbalance. Histologically, corpora cavernosa showed a decrease in collagen fibers, elastic and smooth muscle fibers with a disturbed normal architecture. Treatment of diabetic rats with RJ markedly decreased these biochemical and structural alterations. In conclusion, RJ cotreatment is a promising practice for diabetes-induced corpora cavernosal damage possibly through its antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and androgenic effects.
Removal of ammonium from water by a bentonite biochar composite
Authors: Hai Nguyen Thi , Hoang-Minh Thao , Hieu Do Trung , Hoai Ta Thi , Dong Bui Van , Dung Luu Viet , Ha Nguyen Thi Hoang
Published: August 2024

A new adsorbent of bentonite biochar composite (BRK) from natural bentonite and rice husk was synthesized for removal of ammonium (NH4+) from water. The preparation of the adsorbent consisted of a pyrolysis process at 400 °C and activation of biochar with KOH to obtain BRK. Various advanced techniques were applied to characterize the investigated adsorbent, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) integrated with Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. The point of zero charge of BRK was 9.1. The pH solution strongly affected BRK’s adsorption capacity to NH4+ ions in the solution. The removal efficiencies of NH4+ were considerably diminished in the presence of coexisting cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+). The Langmuir adsorption capacity of BRK for NH4+ was in the following order: 22.51 mg/g (10 oC) > 20.57 mg/g (30 oC) > 16.22 mg/g (50 oC). The kinetic experiments demonstrated that the adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 30 mins of contact. The ion-exchange was found to be the main adsorption mechanism for removing NH4+ by BRK. This study proved that BRK is a low-cost and sustainable adsorbent derived from natural bentonite and rice husk and it is advantageous for successfully removing NH4+ from water.
Incidence and Factors Associated with Postoperative Headache among Adult Elective Surgical Patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Zegeye Sitotaw Tesfa , Ahmed Seid Adem , Aytolign Habitu Adane , Mekonnen Zemenay Ayinie
Published: August 2024

Background
Postoperative headache is a medical condition that has a strong association with future recurrent and chronic headache, higher morbidity and mortality, extended hospital stays, poor quality of life and high financial burden. Despite, having these consequences, there are limited studies regarding the incidence and associated factors of postoperative headache.
Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the incidence and associated factors of postoperative headache among adult elective surgical patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Northwest Ethiopia, April 9 to 20 June 2022.
Methods
An institution -based follow- up study was conducted from April 9 to June 20 2022, at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, after approval of ethical committee, Consecutively 424 patients were included. Postoperative headache was measured based on patient interview and the response was dichotomized as present or absent. Data were collected through chart review as well as patient interviews using a questionnaire. Data entered in to epidata 4.6.0 and statistical analysis was performed using stata version 14.01 software. Descriptive statistics was conducted to summarize patient’s information and to determine the incidence of postoperative headache. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with postoperative headache. Variables with P-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
The overall incidence of postoperative headache in the first three postoperative days was 54.3% and the response rate was 99%. Previous history of headache (AOR = 4.83, CI = 2.42 9.73), prolonged fasting (AOR = 2.28, CI = 1.44–3.60), general anesthesia (AOR = 1.96, CI = 1.25 3.07), intraoperative hypotension (AOR = 1.74, CI = 1.06–2.88), female gender (AOR = 1.62,CI = 1.06–2.54) and caffeine consumption(AOR = 1.60,CI = 1.02–2.52) were significantly associated with postoperative headache and most of patients (39%) were experienced moderate headache
Conclusion and recommendations:
According to the findings of our study, more than half of surgical patients suffered from postoperative headache. Use of general anesthesia techniques, having history of headache, being female, intraoperative hypotension, caffeine consumption and having prolonged preoperative fasting were strongly associated with postoperative headache. The problem needs regular assessment and treatment.
Nanoelectrospray based synthesis of large, transportable membranes with integrated membrane proteins
Authors: Wilm Matthias
Published: August 2024

Membrane proteins tend to be difficult to study since they need to be integrated into a lipid bilayer membrane to function properly. Here I am presenting a method to synthesize a macroscopically large and freely transportable membrane with integrated membrane proteins. This is useful for studying membrane proteins and protein complexes in isolation. The method could serve as a blueprint for the production of larger quantities of functionalised membranes for integration into technical devices similar to the MinION DNA sequencer. It is possible to self-assemble larger biological membranes on solid surfaces. However, they cannot be removed from their solid support without destroying them. In transportable form, self-assembled membranes are limited to sizes of about 17 nm in nanodiscs. Here we electrospray a series of molecular layers onto the liquid surface of a buffer solution. This creates a flat, liquid environment on the surface that directs the self-assembly of the membrane. The composition of the membrane, its lipid and protein content, is experimentally controlled. We have succeeded in producing large membranes with integrated OmpG, a transmembrane pore protein. The technique appears to be compatible with the assembly of membrane based protein complexes.
Impact of family socioeconomic status on the prognosis of heart transplantation in children
Authors: Liu Shun , Hua Xiumeng , Mo Han , Zhao Yiqi , Chen Xiao , Wang Weiteng , Li Yijing , Zhang Ningning , Bao Mengni , Cui Zeyu , Zhao Qian , Yan Jun , Song Jiangping
Published: August 2024

Background
Low family socioeconomic status is a known factor that can contribute to increased mortality for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, in developing countries, the prognostic impact of socioeconomic level on pediatric HTx is unclear, particularly in developing countries.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of children younger than 18 years who underwent heart transplantation (HTx) at our center from October 1, 2005, to May 31, 2023. To assess the impact of socioeconomic status, we followed up with the discharged children until September 30, 2023, monitoring for all-cause mortality and unplanned readmission events. To evaluate the relationship between socioeconomic status and prognosis, we assigned a composite score based on an assessment of household income, parental education level, and occupation. The Cox proportional hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier method were utilized for this analysis.
Results
64 children (median age at operation 14 years, IQR 13–15) were enrolled and one case died in hospital due to HF, 63 (98.4%) children had a median follow-up of 60 months (IQR 5.9-113.9). During the follow-up period, 10 (15.9%) children died, and 20 (31.7%) children had 25 unplanned readmissions. Children had higher all-cause mortality and more unplanned readmissions in families with low socioeconomic status (n = 33) than middle (n = 10) or high (n = 20) family socioeconomic status. Hazard ratios were 5.99,(95%CI:2.28–10.64, P = 0.003) for all-cause mortality for low versus high family socioeconomic status, and 2.53 (95%CI:1.04–9.43, P = 0.029) for middle versus high family socioeconomic status.
Conclusions
Lower family socioeconomic status is associated with a worse prognosis than high family socioeconomic status. Measures to alleviate economic disparities are needed to improve the prognosis of pediatric HTx.