bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive and Negative Themes Depicted in Television Shows Targeted Toward Adolescents
Authors: Seeberger Joni M. , Lucas Christy , Brawley Amalia , Groff Andrew , Kavanaugh Madison , Yirinec Alison , Moroco Annie , Zhu Xijun , King Tonya S. , Olympia Robert P.
Published: August 2022

The American Academy of Pediatrics has previously expressed concerns about the thematic content of television (TV) and the amount of time children spend viewing TV. The objective of this study was to determine the positive and negative themes depicted in a select number of TV shows targeted toward adolescents. We analyzed the thematic content depicted in the first season of 26 Netflix TV shows. The mean occurrences/h for positive and negative themes were 39.53 and 47.20, respectively. The most common positive themes were “encouragement from a friend/peer,” “demonstrating honesty,” and “staying true to oneself” (5.98, 5.38, and 3.72 mean occurrences/h, respectively). The most common negative themes were “dishonesty,” “cursing,” and “selfishness,” (5.30, 4.96, and 4.85 mean occurrences/h, respectively). We suggest that health care providers become aware of TV thematic content and promote media education, and we encourage co-viewing and active mediation by parents/guardians with their children.
‘Many are called but few are chosen’ (Matt 22:14): A Well Populated Hell?
Authors: O’Collins Gerald
Published: August 2022

Does the warning that closes Matthew’s version of the great banquet (Matt 22:1–14) indicate that the population of hell exceeds, even far exceeds, that of heaven? This article sets out the allegorizing account of a royal banquet found in Matthew. The second set of guests stands for members of the Church, warned in most serious, apocalyptic terms to produce good works which are worthy of their calling and which will be recognized at final judgment. Taken with similar parables in Matthew, that of the king’s banquet invites an appropriate response rather than offers information, still less, precise information about the final state of all Christians and other human beings.
Harnessing the thermo-mechanical properties and toughness of MWCNT/TiO2 hybrid epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Rathi Ankit , Majumdar Abhijit , Rathi Nisha , Kumar Arun
Published: August 2022

One of the significant challenges of developing high-performance polymer nanocomposites is the best exploitation of the potential of nanofillers. In this study, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are exfoliated by TiO2 nanoparticles using ultrasonic waves. The obtained MWCNT/TiO2 hybrid nanofiller, in different wt.%, is infused into an epoxy (EP) matrix using an ultrasonic dual mixing (UDM) technique to obtain multifunctional nanocomposites with enhanced thermo-mechanical properties and toughness. XRD crystallography, Raman spectroscopy, TEM analysis, TGA, DMA, tensile, and 3-P single edge notch bending tests are used to investigate the properties of the MWCNT/TiO2 hybrid nanofiller and resulting composites. Results reveal that the optimum loading of MWCNT/TiO2 hybrid nanofiller (1.0 wt.%) in EP matrix provides 23.5%, 39.8%, and 46.8% improvement in storage modulus, tensile strength, and fracture toughness, respectively, compared to those of neat EP. The FESEM images of the fractured surface of nanocomposite specimens confirm the cluster-free distribution of MWCNTs in the EP matrix ensuring enhanced thermo-mechanical properties and toughness.
Structural integrity evaluation of cyclic loading Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer composite by acoustic emission and heat transfer
Authors: Loganathan Thozhuvur Govindaraman , Kalidas Vinoth Kumar , Bari Klaudio , Chadalavala Hemadri , Venkatachalam Gopalan
Published: August 2022

GFRP composites experience structural changes like matrix cracking, debonding, delamination, and fibre failure on static and dynamic loading. In this work, composites with varying fibre orientation interaction angle and volume fractions are prepared and exposed to cyclic load. The cyclic load (R = 0) is a constant amplitude flexural load imposed on the cantilever beam specimen with varying frequencies (2.6, 4.6, 8.6 Hz) and cycles (up to 44 × 103). The structural integrity of the specimens on loading is examined in terms of Flexural, modulus, Acoustic Emission (AE) and heat transfer changes. The drop in flexural modulus is minimum in higher Vf = 32% laminate (A1 = 7.01%, B1 = 1.86%) than the lower Vf = 25% (A2 = 19.86%, B2 = 8.6%). The observed AE peak frequency for the induced damages is in the range of 50–100, 110–230, 245–380 kHz. The drop-in fibre volume fraction has a significant role in laminate with lower fibre interaction (Type A) to offer minimum variation (5.25%) in AE activity count which is the opposite in laminates with higher fibre interaction angle (31.75%). The step heat thermography exhibits minimum temperature difference (∆T) for moderate loading frequency and in a few cases, ∆T drops well below the virgin, insisting on in situ thermography to study the dynamic changes in composites. A fibre dominant behaviour can be observed with minimum variation in AE activity in a lower fibre interaction angle. Thus, the fibre orientation angle and fibre volume fraction have a significant role in the retention of the structural integrity of composites in dynamic loading.
Susceptibility to threatening information and attitudes toward refugee resettlement: The case of Japan
Authors: Horiuchi Yusaku , Ono Yoshikuni
Published: August 2022

A growing number of news articles and politicians’ statements treat refugees as potential terrorists. However, existing research has yet to thoroughly examine how threatening information about refugees affects natives’ attitudes toward refugee resettlement. To address this issue, we conducted a survey experiment in Japan, where the number of refugees accepted each year is extremely small, despite the rapid increase in news about refugees. Our results show that opposition to refugee resettlement is associated with its proximity. Specifically, we find two types of NIMBY (not-in-my-backyard) attitudes – within-country and between-country NIMBY-ism – toward refugee resettlement among Japanese people. Additionally, respondents become more strongly opposed to refugee resettlement when exposed to threatening frames that depict refugees as harmful, regardless of the proximity to threats and potential resettlement. These findings add nuance to the scholarly literature on threat perceptions and public attitudes in intergroup relations. First, our findings suggest that NIMBY attitudes toward refugee resettlement (shown in Ferwerda, Flynn & Horiuchi, 2017) are not a US-only phenomenon. Second, we provide empirical evidence to support the theory that subjectively perceived threats affect people’s hostility toward out-group members, even in the absence of actual threats. Finally, we contribute to the recent debate on the effects of proximity to threats. Our results support the argument that the psychological effects of terrorism on negative attitudes toward immigrants and refugees are more pronounced in homogeneous societies, irrespective of proximity to the threat.
Compassionate responsibilisation in a neoliberal paternalistic homelessness system: ‘They’re not just numbers to me, I do actually care’
Authors: England Edith
Published: August 2022

Frontline workers in welfare systems are often understood as an ‘uncaring’ group, with their affective labour co-opted and reframed in terms of systemic efficiency. Yet they also operate at the frontlines of neoliberal paternalism, their work structured by encounters with extreme hardship, required to address this through ‘pedagogical interventions’ aimed at instilling a competitive, individualistic ‘self-care’ mindset in applicants. Approaching care as a universal need, an embodied practice, and a location of resistance to capitalism, I explore how actors at the frontlines of welfare governance mobilise care in their daily encounters with welfare subjects. Reporting upon 54 extended interviews with frontline workers within the post-2015 Welsh homelessness system, I argue that care is central to the operation of the neoliberal paternalistic welfare system, providing a motivation for workers to engender compliance with neoliberal paternalistic methods of governance. I illustrate this with the example of the Housing (Wales) Act 2014, drawing upon three findings. First, workers operate from a core caring sensibility, caring despite structural constraints. Second, responsibilisation is conceptualised as a strategy which, through its focus on individual empowerment, becomes one of care. Third, however, the focus of these interventions was performative, giving workers strategies to help clients fit into the system and thus increase the legibility of their deservedness. Thus responsibilisation, a technology associated with state abandonment of welfare subjects, was used by workers as a strategy to enable meaningful care in the context of the intense constraints of their role.
Quantification of fabric morphology and prediction of drag crisis based on the fractal dimension
Authors: Jiang Wei , Sun Shijie , Qiu Jun , Ma Guoqiang , Weng Ding , Hou Mohan , Guo Lefan , Zhang Jie , Liu Lifang
Published: August 2022

This paper focused on investigating the relationship between fabric morphology and aerodynamic drag. The fractal theory is used to quantify the fabric surface morphology, and its influence on the minimum drag coefficient and critical Reynolds number is evaluated. In addition, the effectiveness of the fractal dimension in predicting the drag crisis is verified. It is observed that with the increase of the fractal dimension, the minimum drag coefficient increases, and the correlation coefficient can reach 0.9728, while the corresponding critical Reynolds number decreases, and the correlation coefficient can reach 0.9334. In addition, the accuracy of predicting drag crisis by the fractal dimension is verified and the relative error of predicting the drag crisis by the fractal dimension is less than 10%, which is significantly better than that by roughness.
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia moderates the interpersonal consequences of brooding rumination
Authors: Caldwell Warren , MacNeil Sasha , Wrosch Carsten , McGrath Jennifer J. , Dang-Vu Thanh T. , Morin Alexandre J. S. , Gouin Jean-Philippe
Published: August 2022

Brooding rumination is an intrapersonal emotion regulation strategy associated with negative interpersonal consequences. Resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a psychophysiological marker of self-regulatory capacity, may buffer the association between maladaptive emotion regulation and negative interpersonal behaviors. The current work examines the moderating effect of RSA on the association between brooding rumination and different negative interpersonal consequences. Across three convenience samples, individuals with lower RSA showed a stronger association between brooding rumination and more negative interpersonal behaviors as well as less perception of received instrumental social support (Study 1; n = 154), higher levels of interviewer-rated interpersonal stress (Study 2; n = 42) and a stronger indirect association between brooding rumination and depressive symptoms via daily interpersonal stress (Study 3; n = 222). These findings highlight the negative interpersonal consequences of brooding rumination, particularly among individuals with lower RSA.
Stellate ganglion block rectifies excessive daytime sleepiness: a case report
Authors: Xu Jian , Liu Qingyan , Huang Tao , Zhong Ruiqiong , Zhang Yuenong
Published: August 2022

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is classified as a neurofunctional disorder that manifests as uncontrolled sleeping propensity in the daytime. Currently, consistent and effective therapeutic approaches for EDS are lacking. Stellate ganglion block (SGB) has a clear effect in various complicated pain syndromes, vascular insufficiency, hyperhidrosis, and posttraumatic stress syndrome. We report an EDS case that involved a patient who recovered after several sessions of SGB.
A rare radiotherapy-sensitive primitive neuroectodermal tumor with APC gene amplification in an adult: a case report and literature review
Authors: He Xin , Song Shan , Yang Peidan , Cao Feng , Li Weijing , Liang Ping
Published: August 2022

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the lung is rare in adults, and treatment options vary. We herein describe the disease course and follow-up of PNET in an adult. A 27-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of cough and headache, and whole-exome sequencing revealed positive expression of the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion gene and amplification of the APC gene. Although the patient received multidisciplinary treatment including chemotherapy regimens of etoposide plus cisplatin; focal radiotherapy focusing on the cerebrum, lung, and kidneys; and a subsequent palliative gastrointestinal operation, he eventually died of multiple organ functional failure. His overall survival period was 18 months, and his progression-free survival period was 4 months. During the treatment, the patient showed remarkable sensitivity to radiotherapy. In conclusion, PNET of the lung in adult patients is extremely rare, and the prognosis is very poor. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team in the development of personalized therapeutic strategies is essential. This patient with APC gene amplification showed excellent sensitivity to radiotherapy for intrapulmonary and intracranial lesions, suggesting that APC gene amplification may be related to radiotherapy sensitivity. However, further clinical research is needed.
Viable geographies
Authors: Jeffrey Craig , Dyson Jane
Published: August 2022

What is a viable life? This paper addresses this question with reference to viability as a concept and young people’s social action across the world. The notion of viability offers a framework for examining how young people ‘think across’ different domains of life – such as education, work, environment, politics and cultural practice – and develop ecosystems of practice that connect these domains together. In addition, the concept of viability draws attention to the alternative nature of these ecosystems of practice – how young people commonly use these ecosystems to ‘think against’ dominance – and how they also ‘think out’ to produce new ideas.
Phenotyping non-idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri syndrome – A prospective cohort study
Authors: Svart Katrine , Jensen Rigmor Højland , Høgedal Lisbeth , Vukovic-Cvetkovic Vlasta , Beier Dagmar , Korsbæk Johanne Juhl
Published: August 2022

Objective

To identify the most frequent causes of secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome and compare phenotype, clinical presentation, and symptoms of secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome to the primary form of pseudotumor cerebri syndrome, idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Methods

The study was a prospective cohort study including patients with new-onset pseudotumor cerebri syndrome. Diagnostic work up was standardized. Patients were diagnosed with secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome or idiopathic intracranial hypertension according to the revised Friedman criteria. Secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome patients were categorized into five causes: medication, systemic causes, sleep apnea, cerebrovascular causes, and several competing causes. Phenotype, clinical presentation, symptoms and neuroimaging were compared between groups.

Results

Out of 278 cases, 28 secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome and 120 idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients were included. The most frequent causes of secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome were medication (n  =  8, 28.6%) and systemic causes (n = 8, 28.6%), followed by sleep apnea (n = 5, 17.9%), cerebrovascular causes (n = 4, 14.3%) and several competing causes (n = 3, 10.7%). Secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome and idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients were phenotypically alike and predominately female, premenopausal, and obese. Symptoms and objective findings at disease onset were similar between groups.

Conclusion

Secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome should be considered in all patients with suspected pseudotumor cerebri syndrome as secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome and idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients are phenotypically and clinically alike. A thorough diagnostic workup is needed as treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome is markedly different.
Exploratory Regression Models for Estimating Right-Turn-on-Red Volume on Exclusive Right-Turn Lanes at Signalized Intersections
Authors: Emtenan A. M. Tahsin , Haghighat Arya , Shields Mark , Shaw John , Hawley Pat , Sharma Anuj , Day Christopher M.
Published: August 2022

The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2016 recommends using right-turn-on-red (RTOR) volume for capacity and level of service analyses but provides very limited guidance for predicting the volume in the absence of field data. The signalized intersection methodology in the HCM computes capacity using only the green portion of the cycle, ignoring the additional capacity that may result from allowing RTOR. This leads to an overestimation of delay, and consequently a determination of level of service that is likely to appear worse than the actual performance. Therefore, it is essential to develop proper RTOR volume and capacity estimation models for correct estimation of the level of service at signalized intersections. In this study, regression models for RTOR volume were developed for intersections where the subject RTOR movement occurs from an exclusive right-turn lane. Data from 128 intersections across the United States was used for the analysis. Four different categories of regression model with three types of model under each category were developed and their performances were compared using a testing data set. Tobit regression performed better than other types of regression in predicting the RTOR volume. The model will be useful in predicting RTOR volumes in the absence of field data for accurate estimation of delay and level of service at a signalized intersection.
Arthroscopic Posterior Labral Repair in Active-Duty Military Patients: A Reliable Solution for an At-Risk Population, Regardless of Anchor Type
Authors: Scanaliato John P. , Childs Benjamin R. , Dunn John C. , Czajkowski Hunter , Parnes Nata
Published: August 2022

Background:

Active-duty servicemembers are a population at risk for the development of posterior shoulder instability. While short-term outcomes after arthroscopic posterior labral repair for posterior shoulder instability are promising, there is a paucity of longer term follow-up data for this procedure.

Purposes:

The primary purpose was to report midterm outcomes after arthroscopic posterior labral repair in active-duty military patients for posterior shoulder instability without bone loss. The secondary purpose was to determine if outcomes varied between anchor types used.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Preoperative and postoperative outcomes, with a minimum 3-year follow-up, for a visual analog scale for pain, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and the Rowe score were collected and analyzed. A separate subgroup analysis was performed comparing the outcomes of patients who underwent repair with biocomposite anchors versus those who underwent repair with all-suture anchors.

Results:

A total of 73 patients with a mean follow-up of 82.55 ± 24.20 months met the inclusion criteria and were available for analysis. As a whole, the cohort demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements in outcome scores at final follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative range of motion did not vary significantly. While the difference in final outcome scores between the 2 anchor types did not reach statistical significance, a statistically significantly larger proportion of patients who underwent repair with all-suture anchors versus those who underwent repair with biocomposite anchors met the Patient Acceptable Symptom State for the SANE (97.14% vs 78.95%, respectively; P = .0180) and the ASES score (88.57% vs 68.42%, respectively; P = .0171). The proportion of patients who achieved the substantial clinical benefit or surpassed the minimal clinically important difference, however, did not vary by anchor type. Overall, 70 patients (95.89%) remained on active duty and were able to return to preinjury work and recreational activity levels. There were 3 patients (4.11%) who had recurrent posterior instability.

Conclusion:

This population of active-duty servicemembers undergoing posterior labral repair for posterior labral instability without bone loss demonstrated a statistically and clinically significant improvement in midterm outcomes, a low recurrence rate, and a rate of return to active duty of 95.89%, regardless of the anchor type used.
Predicting ACL Injury Using Machine Learning on Data From an Extensive Screening Test Battery of 880 Female Elite Athletes
Authors: Jauhiainen Susanne , Kauppi Jukka-Pekka , Krosshaug Tron , Bahr Roald , Bartsch Julia , Äyrämö Sami
Published: August 2022

Background:

Injury risk prediction is an emerging field in which more research is needed to recognize the best practices for accurate injury risk assessment. Important issues related to predictive machine learning need to be considered, for example, to avoid overinterpreting the observed prediction performance.

Purpose:

To carefully investigate the predictive potential of multiple predictive machine learning methods on a large set of risk factor data for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; the proposed approach takes into account the effect of chance and random variations in prediction performance.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The authors used 3-dimensional motion analysis and physical data collected from 791 female elite handball and soccer players. Four common classifiers were used to predict ACL injuries (n = 60). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) averaged across 100 cross-validation runs (mean AUC-ROC) was used as a performance metric. Results were confirmed with repeated permutation tests (paired Wilcoxon signed-rank-test; P < .05). Additionally, the effect of the most common class imbalance handling techniques was evaluated.

Results:

For the best classifier (linear support vector machine), the mean AUC-ROC was 0.63. Regardless of the classifier, the results were significantly better than chance, confirming the predictive ability of the data and methods used. AUC-ROC values varied substantially across repetitions and methods (0.51-0.69). Class imbalance handling did not improve the results.

Conclusion:

The authors’ approach and data showed statistically significant predictive ability, indicating that there exists information in this prospective data set that may be valuable for understanding injury causation. However, the predictive ability remained low from the perspective of clinical assessment, suggesting that included variables cannot be used for ACL prediction in practice.
Partial Superior Capsular Reconstruction to Augment Arthroscopic Repair of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Using Autogenous Biceps Tendon: Effect on Retear Rate
Authors: Llinás Paulo J. , Bailie David S. , Sanchez Diego A. , Chica Julian , Londono Juan Francisco , Herrera Gilberto A.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Massive rotator cuff tears have a high incidence of postoperative retear that can reach 90%. It is still unclear which intervention may reduce the incidence of retear and improve the functional and clinical outcomes.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and structural outcomes at 2 years after repair of reparable massive rotator cuff tears with and without the use of partial superior capsular reconstruction (pSCR), using the autologous long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) as a graft. It was hypothesized that augmentation with a pSCR would decrease retear rates.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The authors compared arthroscopic repair of massive posterosuperior rotator cuff tears with and without augmentation using the LHBT for pSCR between 2015 and 2017. After applying the selection criteria, 106 patients were included in the study and distributed into 2 groups of 50 and 56 patients. Patients in the first group (50 patients) underwent arthroscopic repair without use of the LHBT (AR group), and patients in the second group (56 patients) underwent arthroscopic repair with use of the LHBT for pSCR (AR-LHBT group). The structural outcome was evaluated by ultrasound at 2 years of follow-up. Function and pain were evaluated preoperatively and at the 2-year follow-up using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score and visual analog scale (VAS). Pre- and postoperative active range of motion, including forward elevation, external rotation, and abduction, were also documented.

Results:

No significant differences were found between groups regarding the baseline characteristics. After 24 months, both groups showed significant improvement from preoperative ASES scores, VAS score, and active range of motion ( P < .01 for all). Patients in the AR-LHBT group showed significant improvements in postoperative functional and pain scores compared with the AR group in all measurements at the 2-year follow-up (ASES score: 77.23 ± 7.45 vs 71.04 ± 9.28, P < .01; VAS score: 1.64 ± 1.03 vs 2.12 ± 1.06, P < .01). Final range of motion was significantly increased for the AR-LHBT group for forward elevation (155 [interquartile range {IQR}, 150-160] vs 150 [IQR, 140-170]; P < .01) and abduction (150 [IQR, 140-157.5] vs 120 [IQR, 100-140]; P < .01), but external rotation was significantly greater for the AR group (54.43 ± 10.55 vs 59.5 ± 10.55; P < .01). Postoperative ultrasonography at the 2-year follow-up revealed a higher retear rate in the AR group than in the AR-LHBT group (46% vs 14%; P < .01).

Conclusion:

Use of the LHBT for pSCR to augment massive rotator cuff tears resulted in markedly lower retear rates and modestly improved pain and function outcomes compared with repair alone.
Prospective Evaluation of Posterior Glenoid Bone Loss After First-time and Recurrent Posterior Glenohumeral Instability Events
Authors: Bedrin Michael D. , Owens Brett D. , Slaven Sean E. , LeClere Lance E. , Donohue Michael A. , Tennent David J. , Goodlett Ronald P. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Posner Matthew A. , Dickens Jonathan F.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Although posterior glenohumeral instability is becoming an increasingly recognized cause of shoulder pain, the role of posterior glenoid bone loss on outcomes remains incompletely understood.

Purposes:

To prospectively determine the amount of bone loss associated with posterior instability events and to determine predisposing factors based on preinstability imaging.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 1428 shoulders were evaluated prospectively for ≥4 years. At baseline, a subjective history of shoulder instability was ascertained for each patient, and bilateral noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the shoulders were obtained regardless of any reported history of shoulder instability. The cohort was prospectively followed during the study period, and those who were diagnosed with posterior glenohumeral instability were identified. Postinjury MRI scans were obtained and compared with the screening MRI scans. Glenoid version, perfect-circle-based bone loss was measured for each patient's pre- and postinjury MRI scans using previously described methods.

Results:

Of the 1428 shoulders that were prospectively followed, 10 shoulders sustained a first-time posterior instability event and 3 shoulders sustained a recurrent posterior instability event. At baseline, 11 of 13 shoulders had some amount of glenoid dysplasia and/or bone loss. The change in glenoid bone loss was 5.4% along the axis of greatest loss (95% CI, 3.8%-7.0%; P = .009), 4.4% at the glenoid equator (95% CI, 2.7%-6.2%; P = .016), and 4.2% of total glenoid area (95% CI, 2.9%-5.3%; P = .002). Recurrent glenoid instability was associated with a greater amount of absolute bone loss along the axis of greatest loss compared with first-time instability (recurrent: 16.8% ± 1.1%; 95% CI, 14.6%-18.9%; first-time: 10.0% ± 1.5%; 95% CI, 7.0%-13.0%; P = .005). Baseline glenoid retroversion ≥10° was associated with a significantly greater percentage of bone loss along the axis of greatest loss (≥10° of retroversion: 13.5% ± 2.0%; 95% CI, 9.6%-17.4%; <10° of retroversion: 8.5% ± 0.8%; 95% CI, 7.0%-10.0%; P = .045).

Conclusions:

Posterior glenohumeral instability events were associated with glenoid bone loss of 5%. The amount of glenoid bone loss after a recurrent posterior glenohumeral instability event was greater than that after first-time instability. Glenoid retroversion ≥10° was associated with a greater amount of posterior glenoid bone loss after a posterior instability event.
Feasibility study on intact human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly as a scaffold for human autologous chondrocyte: In-vitro study
Authors: Muthuchamy Muthuraman , Subramanian Kumaran , Padhiar Chirayu , Dhanraj Arvind Kumar , Desireddy Swathi
Published: August 2022

Objectives:

Placental tissue is an established biomaterial used in many clinical applications. However, its use for tissue engineering purposes has not been fully realized. Though articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived oriented scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering were developed, resources are a hindrance to its application. In this regard, the present study investigated the feasibility of using intact decellularized human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly (hUC-WJ) as a new material for chondrocyte carrier in cartilage tissue engineering. The developed hUC-WJ scaffold provides a good microenvironment for the attachment, viability, and delivery of seeded human autologous chondrocytes. It has an advantage over other biomaterials in terms of abundant availability and similar biochemistry to cartilage ECM.

Materials and methods:

hUC-WJ obtained from fresh human placenta were decellularized and gamma sterilized. Human cartilage tissue was obtained from the patients with a total knee replacement. The chondrocytes were isolated and expanded in-vitro and seeded onto the hUC-WJ scaffold. The efficiency of the decellularized tissue as a delivery system for human cartilage cells was investigated by histology, immunohistochemistry, cell count, flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results:

The results showed that the decellularized hUC-WJ scaffold has supported the microenvironment for chondrocyte attachment and viability without losing its phenotype. In addition, the cells were spread through the hUC-WJ scaffold as confirmed by histology and SEM.

Conclusion:

Based on obtained results, the hUC-WJ scaffold has great potential as a 3D scaffold for human autologous chondrocyte carriers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Early predictors of oxygenator exchange during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Umei Nao , Ichiba Shingo , Genda Yuki , Mase Hiroshi , Sakamoto Atsuhiro
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Oxygenator exchange during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-threatening procedure. D-dimer has been used to predict oxygenator failure, but it is a parameter used a few days before oxygenator exchange. This study investigated parameters before and immediately after ECMO initiation that predict oxygenator exchange.

Methods:

This was a single-center, retrospective study of 28 patients who received veno-venous ECMO with heparin/silicone-coated polypropylene oxygenator (NSH-R HPO-23WH-C; Senko Medical Inc., Tokyo, Japan), due to acute respiratory failure, from April 2015 to March 2020. Clinical data before ECMO initiation and during the first 3 days on ECMO were compared between the patients with oxygenator exchange (exchange group) and those without oxygenator exchange (non-exchange group).

Results:

Nine (32%) patients required oxygenator exchange. The exchange group had significantly higher white blood cell count (WBC) (16,944 ± 2423/µL vs 10,342 ± 1442/µL, p < 0.05) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (31 ± 5 vs 25 ± 8, p < 0.05) before ECMO initiation than the non-exchange group. The partial pressure of oxygen at the outlet of the oxygenator (PO2 outlet) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) during the first 3 days on ECMO were significantly lower in the exchange group than in the non-exchange group.

Conclusions:

High WBC and APACHE II score before ECMO initiation, low PO2 outlet, and aPTT during the first 3 days on ECMO were associated with oxygenator exchange during veno-venous ECMO. These parameters could be used to avoid unexpected oxygenator exchange.
Prevalence and related factors of poor sleep quality in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yazıcı Raziye , Güney İbrahim
Published: August 2022

Background:

Sleep disturbances in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are related to decreased quality of life and increased health-related risks. There is insufficient data about actual prevalence and related factors of poor sleepers in this group. In this study, we aimed to investigate prevalence and related risk factors of self-reported poor sleep quality in patients with pre-dialysis CKD.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 259 pre-dialysis CKD patients (median age 56 years; range, 19–85) were included. Demographical, clinical and laboratory correlates were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a self-rated questionnaire. Depression was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Results:

Median eGFR was 27.6 ml/min/1.73 m2 (range, 9–56). Of the 259 patients, 110 (42.5%) were poor sleepers with global PSQI score >5. The univariate correlation analysis revealed that global PSQI score was positively correlated with age, BMI, waist circumferences (WC), hip circumferences (HC), serum phosphorus and triglyceride levels, systolic blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure and BDI score, and negatively correlated with male gender and hemoglobin level. Logistic regression analysis, showed that HC, systolic BP, and BDI scores were independently associated with poor sleep quality ( p = 0.001, p = 0.020 and p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion:

Prevalence of poor sleep quality in our pre-dialysis CKD patients was 42.5%. Systolic BP, depression and HC, all of these are potentially correctable factors, were associated with poor sleep quality independently.
Effects of Food Availability Cycles on Phase and Period of Activity-rest Rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Singh Viveka Jagdish , Potdar Sheetal , Sheeba Vasu
Published: August 2022

Foraging and feeding are indispensable for survival and their timing depends not only on the metabolic state of the animal but also on the availability of food resources in their environment. Since both these aspects are subject to change over time, these behaviors exhibit rhythmicity in occurrence. As the locomotor activity of an organism is related to its disposition to acquire food, and peak feeding in fruit flies has been shown to occur at a particular time of the day, we asked if cyclic food availability can entrain their rhythmic activity. By subjecting flies to cyclic food availability, that is, feeding-starvation (FS) cycles, we provided food cues contrasting to the preferred activity times and observed if this imposed cycling in food availability could entrain the activity-rest rhythm. We found that phase control, which is a property integral to entrainment, was not achieved despite increasing starvation duration of FS cycles (FS 12:12, FS 10:14, and FS 8:16). We also found that flies subjected to T21 and T26 FS cycles were unable to match period of the activity rhythm to short or long T-cycles. Taken together, these results show that external food availability cycles do not entrain the activity-rest rhythm of fruit flies. However, we find that starvation-induced hyperactivity causes masking which results in phase changes. In addition, T-cycle experiments resulted in minor period changes during FS treatment. These findings highlight that food cyclicity by itself may not be a potent zeitgeber but may act in unison with other abiotic factors like light and temperature to help flies time their activity appropriately.
Deferoxamine/magnesium modified β-tricalcium phosphate promotes the bone regeneration in osteoporotic rats
Authors: Wei Shan , Zhang Ren-Gang , Wang Zheng-Yu
Published: August 2022

Recently, Deferoxamine (DFO) and magnesium (Mg) have been identified as critical factors for angiogenesis and bone formation. However, in current research studies, there is a lack of focus on whether DFO plus Mg can affect the regeneration of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in osteoporosis and through what biological mechanisms. Therefore, the present work was aimed to preparation and evaluate the effect of Deferoxamine/magnesium modified β-tricalcium phosphate promotes (DFO/Mg-TCP) in ovariectomized rats model and preliminary exploration of possible mechanisms. The MC3T3-E1 cells were co-cultured with the exudate of DFO/Mg-TCP and induced to osteogenesis, and the cell viability, osteogenic activity were observed by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin Red Staining (RES) and Western Blot. In vitro experiments, CCK-8, ALP and ARS staining results show that the mineralization and osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1increased significantly after intervention by DFO/Mg-TCP, as well as a higher levels of protein expressions including VEGF, OC, Runx-2 and HIF-1α. In vivo experiment, Micro-CT and Histological analysis evaluation show that DFO/Mg-TCP treatment presented the stronger effect on bone regeneration, bone mineralization and biomaterial degradation, when compared with OVX+Mg-TCP group and OVX+TCP group, as well as a higher VEGF, OC, Runx-2 and HIF-1α gene expression. The present study indicates that treatment with DFO/Mg-TCP was associated with increased regeneration by enhancing the function of osteoblasts in an OVX rat.
Evaluating Pharmacist-Driven Interventions in a Primary Care Setting to Improve Proportion of Days Covered and Medication Adherence
Authors: Davis Dominique D , Hale Genevieve , Moreau Cynthia , Joseph Tina , Perez Alexandra , Rosario Elaina
Published: August 2022

Background: Medication nonadherence is the leading cause of poor health outcomes and increased risk of hospitalizations. Previous studies have shown that pharmacist interventions can help improve medication adherence and CMS quality measures. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of clinical pharmacists’ interventions on medication adherence and PDC scores for ACEi/ARBs, statins, and noninsulin antidiabetic medications in the primary care setting. Methods: This observational study was conducted at four primary care clinics to evaluate PDC scores pre- and post-pharmacist interventions from April 2020 to December 2020. Eligible patients were Humana Part D beneficiaries with a baseline PDC score <85%. The primary outcome of this study was to evaluate the average change in final PDC scores, and 1-month change in PDC scores following a pharmacist intervention. Secondary outcomes were number and types of adherence barriers identified, interventions provided by the pharmacist, and barriers and interventions category (pharmacy, patient or physician-related). Results: A total of 89 barriers were identified and 208 interventions were completed. A statistically significant difference in the average change of final PDC score from baseline was seen among those on ACEi/ARBs (72.5 to 78.0, p = 0.004) and statins (73.3 to 76.6, p < 0.001). Similarly, a statistically significant change was observed from baseline to 1-month PDC among those on ACEi/ARBS (72.5 to 75.4, p = 0.001) and statins (73.3 to 74.9, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pharmacists located in a primary care setting improved medication adherence and PDC score for patients on ACEIs/ARBs and statins.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Biological Aging and Their Life Course Socioeconomic Determinants: The 2016 Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Farina Mateo P. , Kim Jung Ki , Crimmins Eileen M.
Published: August 2022

Objectives: This study examined differences in accelerated biological aging among non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States and assessed whether including life course socioeconomic conditions attenuated observed racial/ethnic differences. Methods: Data came from the Venous Blood Collection Subsample of the Health and Retirement Study. We used a comprehensive summary measure of biological age (BA-22). We determined whether key lifetime socioeconomic conditions contributed to racial/ethnic differences in biological aging. Results: Findings indicated that non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics have accelerated aging, and non-Hispanic Whites have decelerated aging. Racial/ethnic differences were strongly tied to educational attainment. We also observed a significant difference by birthplace for Hispanics. US-born Hispanics had accelerated biological aging, whereas foreign-born Hispanics did not. In age-stratified analyses, these racial/ethnic differences were found for adults aged 56–74, but not for adults aged 75+. Conclusions: These findings provide insight into biological differences underlying racial/ethnic disparities in health.
Online Yoga and Ayurveda Intervention as Tertiary Prevention of Psychological Comorbidities in COVID-19 Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bhandari Rudra
Published: August 2022

Background and Purpose

About 56% of symptomatic COVID-19 survivors have been found with neuropsychological comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), and impaired quality of life (QoL). Alongside, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, regenerative, immunomodulatory, cardio-pulmonary health promotive, and psychological benefits of yogic and Ayurvedic intervention are well documented. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of online Yoga (OYI) and Yoga cum Ayurveda intervention (OYAI) on COVID-19-induced depression, anxiety, PTSD, and poor QoL.

Method

Seventy-two participants (males/females: 33/26) with at least a 3-month back history of symptomatic COVID-19 infection and age (mean ± SD: 32.33 ± 9.9 and 33.04 ± 12.9 for males and females, respectively) were recruited from Patanjali Ayurveda Hospital, Haridwar, India, and All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India, before random allocation into an equal-sized control group (CG), Yoga group (YG) and Yoga cum concoction (YCG) group. Split-plot analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis tests with Bonferroni adjusted post hoc comparisons were computed for normal and nonnormal data using IBM SPSS (25th Version, SPSS South Asia Private Limited, Bangalore, India).

Results

Both the treatments—the 30-day OYI and OYAI, significantly improved depression ( P < .002, ES: -0.99 and P < .001, ES: -2.11), anxiety ( P < .001, ES: -1.32 and -1.89), PTSD ( P < .001, ES: -1.8 and -1.83) and QoL related constructs ( P < .001, ES: 0.63 and 0.76; 0.71 and 0.93 for each OYI and OYAI versus general health and physical health; P < .001, ES: 0.65 for OYAI versus psychological health; and P < .003, ES: 0.54 for OYI versus environment) of the participants compared to the controls.

Conclusion

OYAI may better ameliorate COVID-19-induced psychological comorbidities than OYI with no adverse effects.
The outcome of type 1 pelvic resection and reconstruction with pedicle screw-rod system without bone grafting in malignant pelvic tumour: A case series and short term review
Authors: Ajit Singh Vivek , Yasin Nor Faissal , Mansor Azura , Mohamed Elhadi Ahmed Elsiddig , Sharifudin Mohd Ariff
Published: August 2022

Introduction

There is no consensus regarding the reconstruction method for type 1 resections around the pelvis. Various methods are currently used, such as resection without reconstruction, bone graft (autologous, recycled, allograft) with simple fixation, and pedicle screw-rod fixation with or without bone grafting. We aim to study the outcome of pedicle screw-rod reconstruction without bone grafting in type 1 pelvic resections involving sacroiliac joint to show that pedicle screw-rod construct alone is stable and has low risk of failure.

Material and methods

This is a retrospective review of eight patients who underwent type 1 resection of malignant pelvic tumours and reconstruction with a pedicle screw-rod system between 2011 and 2018. All patients who underwent type 1 resection and reconstruction with pedicle screw without bone grafting were included into this study. We reported their clinical (complication and radiological outcome), oncological (local recurrence and metastasis), and functional outcome based on Musculoskeletal Tumour Society Score (MSTS) and The Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) at their last follow-up.

Results

Eight patients were recruited into the study. The mean follow-up period was 58.5 months (range: 40 – 121 months). There were three postoperative complications in three different patients: superficial infection, surgical hernia with ipsilateral femoral avascular necrosis (AVN), and femoral nerve injury. At the end of the study period, one patient passed away due to disease progression, one patient was alive with disease, and the rest were disease-free. Mean MSTS score during last follow-up was 77.1% (range: 66.7% – 93.3%), while mean TESS score was 75.6% range (63.3% - 80.2%). There were no cases of implant failure.

Conclusion

Type 1 pelvic reconstruction with a pedicle screw-rod system is stable without a concurrent biological reconstruction, and it is feasible, with few complications, and an excellent functional outcome.
A new remanufacturing system scheduling model with diversified reprocessing routes using a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm
Authors: Wang Jun , Liu Xiangqi , Zhang Wenyu , Xu Junliang
Published: August 2022

With the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution and resource scarcity, remanufacturing has become one of the popular research fields to solve these issues. However, the practical information of end-of-life products is different (e.g. type and degree of damage) because of their various operation conditions, which complicates the reprocessing routes. Therefore, a new remanufacturing system scheduling model is proposed in this study that considers not only the coordination of remanufacturing subsystems but also job-shop-type reprocessing shops related to the diversified reprocessing routes. A hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm combining differential evolution algorithm and biogeography-based optimization algorithm through a new representation scheme is presented to address the model efficiently. Furthermore, the basic algorithms are improved by integrating the self-adaptive parameters, efficient migration and mutation operators, local search strategy, and restart strategy. Simulation experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method compared with four baseline algorithms.