bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sacred Places as Cultural Ecologies: Making space for the intangible
Authors: Dillon Patrick
Published: April 2022

Sacred places take many forms and are experienced and understood in many different ways. There are no fixed definitions. For me, a sacred place is somewhere that is recognised for its spiritual significance, usually because of the way people engage with it through ceremony, worship of a deity, or acts of homage. It may be a large tract of landscape or a modest or prominent feature within a landscape. It may have cross-cultural significance or it may be important to a small number of people. Scared places have physical presence, but their spiritual dimensions are intangible. Continuity in a sacred place may manifest as resilient living and working practices and/or ceremonies or rituals associated with it and passed on from generation to generation. But these are not static relationships, each generation remakes its beliefs and values and ‘sacredness’ is continually re-structured and re-enacted.
Recognizing Innu Sacred Natural Sites as Aboriginal-led Protected Areas by UAPASHKUSS: Innu Sacred Sites Guardians
Authors: André Dolorés
Published: April 2022

Indigenous Peoples and communities have had long-standing relationships with nature, based on knowledge systems and practices that acknowledge and respect the spiritual environment in which they live (Verschuuren et al., 2012). They have assigned special significance to specific natural areas like mountains, rivers, lakes and forests in accordance with their spiritual beliefs (Wild & McLeod, 2008, p.7; Liljeblad & Verschuuren, 2019). The “areas of land or water having profound spiritual importance to peoples and societies” are defined as sacred natural sites by the IUCN (Wild & McLeod, 2008, p.7). Sacred natural sites, and the rights and responsibilities of Indigenous Peoples towards these places, are recognized both internationally (e.g., Art. 11(1) and Art. 12(1) of the Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP, 2007); The Akwé:Kon Guidelines (CBD 2004)) and within Canada’s legal framework.
Protection of Sámi Sacred Sites and Culturally Sensitive Tourism in Sápmi Under the Threats of Land-use
Authors: Alareisto Eleonora
Published: April 2022

Tourism in Sámi homeland area, Sápmi, has increased rapidly over the past years. As its development accelerates, the various impacts of its expansion are visible at Sámi sacred sites called sieidi. The best-known sacred sites have become popular nature-travel destinations. As visits to sacred sites increases, the essence of their sacredness is under threat because of vandalism and erosion. Sacred sites are not only places of cultural and historical significance, but they hold a great importance regarding the cultural heritage of the Sámi and sacred generational connections with ancestors, and the identities within Sámi communities. For this reason, the identification and thus, protection of sacred sites is a topical and important issue.
Innovative crisis-response through best human resources practices during COVID-19
Authors: Pandya Bharti , Boukareva Bistra
Published: April 2022

During COVID-19, Human Resources evolved as a pivotal organisational function, able to ensure continuity of the business by balancing demands of employees and business. Concurrently, it ensured operational vitality by navigating the crisis through implementing innovative human resources practices. Human Resources practitioners responded swiftly to the operational, administrative, and strategic challenges posed by the dynamics of external and internal changes. This qualitative and informative research explores the innovative practices implemented by human resources practitioners as a response to past health pandemics and the Covid-19 crisis. A mix of inductive, deductive, and indicative-deductive thematic analysis was applied to present the findings from the literature review on Human Resources practices during health-pandemics before Covid-19 and during Covid-19 (published in 2020-2021). This study found Human Resources practitioners amongst the first responders to a health-related crisis. During a crisis, the HR role skews towards becoming a responsive change agent sustaining empathy and productivity whilst implementing new policies and practices, redefining the work, workforce, and the workplace in response to the changing external environment. The innovative HR practices implemented during the Covid-19 crisis will offer insights to the Management and HR practitioners, and will further guide the re-invention and championing of creative people management strategies for achieving human capital and organisational resilience. Decision-makers will understand the value of responsive practices at the time of global crisis.
Marketing after COVID-19: Crisis adaptation, innovation and sustainable technological advances
Authors: Iankova Katia , Longart Pedro
Published: April 2022

Today’s world changed tremendously after the COVID-19 pandemic. This crisis has, in turn, started or accelerated some of the globalisation processes that took root after the fall of the Berlin wall. A free to movement of people and goods without borders restrictions has allowed free zones, foreign direct investment, and so forth. This continuous evolution was perceived to be unbounded. With COVID 19, the beginning of a new era started. The increased closure of countries, appearance of regional differences, and the return to the state as a player limiting and regulating the markets is a reality. This was not anticipated before the COVID-19 global crisis. On the backdrop of this, technological advancements have facilitated the raise of new global powers. There seems to be an involution to the times of the cold war with all its mechanisms of restrictions. To complicate matters further, the use of the medical discoveries such as COVID vaccination have been deployed in the battle for political and economic influence.
Clinical management of metastatic colorectal cancer in the era of precision medicine
Authors: Ciardiello Fortunato , Ciardiello Davide , Martini Giulia , Napolitano Stefania , Tabernero Josep , Cervantes Andres
Published: April 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents approximately 10% of all cancers and is the second most common cause of cancer deaths. Initial clinical presentation as metastatic CRC (mCRC) occurs in approximately 20% of patients. Moreover, up to 50% of patients with localized disease eventually develop metastases. Appropriate clinical management of these patients is still a challenging medical issue. Major efforts have been made to unveil the molecular landscape of mCRC. This has resulted in the identification of several druggable tumor molecular targets with the aim of developing personalized treatments for each patient. This review summarizes the improvements in the clinical management of patients with mCRC in the emerging era of precision medicine. In fact, molecular stratification, on which the current treatment algorithm for mCRC is based, although it does not completely represent the complexity of this disease, has been the first significant step toward clinically informative genetic profiling for implementing more effective therapeutic approaches. This has resulted in a clinically relevant increase in mCRC disease control and patient survival. The next steps in the clinical management of mCRC will be to integrate the comprehensive knowledge of tumor gene alterations, of tumor and microenvironment gene and protein expression profiling, of host immune competence as well as the application of the resulting dynamic changes to a precision medicine‐based continuum of care for each patient. This approach could result in the identification of individual prognostic and predictive parameters, which could help the clinician in choosing the most appropriate therapeutic program(s) throughout the entire disease journey for each patient with mCRC. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72:000‐000.
Household transmission of COVID-19 in 2020 in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Sordo Anna A , Dunn Andrew , Gardiner Evangeline RK , Reinten Tracie A , Tsang Tracy SF , Deng Lucy , Liu Bette C
Published: April 2022

Households are high-risk settings for the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study examines factors associated with transmission among cases diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their household contacts, in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, during July–October 2020. A register of all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases was used to extract demographic and clinical information for cases and household contacts. Secondary attack rates (SARs) among household members were calculated and generalised estimating equations were used to estimate risks of transmission in relation to various characteristics of the primary case and the household contacts. In total, 229 households were included; they consisted of 229 primary cases and 659 close contacts. The overall household SAR was 22.5% (148/659). After adjusting for symptoms, age and sex of primary case, spouse status of household contacts and household size, the odds of secondary transmission were lower in primary cases who were asymptomatic at diagnosis than in symptomatic cases (odds ratio, OR: 0.13; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.04–0.48); and higher in primary cases aged 60 years and over than in those aged 19–39 years (OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.53– 7.75). Being a spouse of the primary case was also associated with increased transmission compared to non-spouses (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.24–3.02). After adjustments, there was no significant effect on transmission of the primary case’s sex, or of the number of people in the household. This study documents demographic and clinical characteristics that increase transmission rates in households in the period prior to the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 variants. These data can be used as a baseline from which to compare household transmission in outbreaks dominated by new variants.
Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme (AESOP) Annual Report 2020
Authors: Coombs Geoffrey W , Daley Denise A , Yee Nicholas W T , Mowlaboccus Shakeel
Published: April 2022

From 1 January to 31 December 2020, forty-nine institutions around Australia participated in the Australian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme (AESOP). The aims of AESOP 2020 were to determine the proportion of enterococcal bacteraemia isolates in Australia that were antimicrobial-resistant, and to characterise the molecular epidemiology of the E. faecium isolates. Of the 1,230 unique episodes of enterococcal bacteraemia investigated, 93.9% were caused by either E. faecalis (54.2%) or E. faecium (39.7%). Ampicillin resistance was not detected in E. faecalis but was detected in 88.2% of E. faecium . Vancomycin non-susceptibility was detected in 0.2% of E. faecalis and 32.6% of E. faecium . Overall, 35.2% of E. faecium harboured vanA and/or vanB genes. For the vanA/B positive E. faecium isolates, 38.8% harboured the vanA gene, 60.6% the vanB gene, and 0.6% harboured both vanA and vanB . Although the percentage of E. faecium bacteraemia isolates was significantly lower than that detected in the 2019 AESOP (presumably due to the COVID-19 elective surgery restrictions placed on hospitals), it remains substantially higher than that recorded in most European countries. The E. faecium isolates detected consisted of 71 multilocus sequence types (STs), with 81.7% of these isolates classified into eight major STs each containing ten or more isolates. All major STs belonged to clonal cluster 17 (CC17), a major hospital-adapted polyclonal E. faecium cluster. The major STs (ST17, ST1424, ST80, ST796, ST78, ST1421, ST555 and ST117) were found across most regions of Australia. The predominant clone was ST17, which was identified in all regions except the Northern Territory. Overall, 40.9% of isolates belonging to the eight major STs harboured the vanA or vanB gene. The AESOP 2020 has shown enterococcal bacteraemia episodes in Australia are frequently caused by polyclonal ampicillin-resistant high-level gentamicin-resistant vanA - or vanB -positive E. faecium which have limited treatment options.
Time taken by individuals with respiratory symptoms to present to primary care: a descriptive study of assessments at Australian General Practitioner-led respiratory clinics
Authors: Mansell Victoria E , Emeto Theophilus I , Davis Stephanie
Published: April 2022

Effective control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been challenging, in part due to significant asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission of disease. Reducing the time between symptom onset and COVID-19 testing and isolation allows enhanced outbreak control. The purpose of this study is to describe the time taken by participants to present to general practitioner-led (GP) respiratory clinics for assessment following the development of symptoms, and to explore associations between demographic and geographic characteristics and the time to presentation. A total of 314,148 participants, who were assessed in GP respiratory clinics between 1 February and 31 August 2021, were included in the analysis. The median age of participants at presentation was 33 years (interquartile range, IQR: 15–49). The median time from development of symptoms to presentation for assessment at GP respiratory clinics was 2 days (IQR: 1–3). Participants were more likely to present within one day of symptom onset if they were aged between 15 and 64 years (43.4%), lived in urban areas (40.9%) or were nonIndigenous (40.2%). Participants in New South Wales and Victoria had twice the odds (OR 2.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.95, 2.08) of presenting at a GP respiratory clinic within one day of symptom onset in August 2021, when there was a COVID-19 outbreak in those states, than they did in March 2021, when there was no COVID-19 outbreak in Australia. The number of days from symptom onset to presentation at a GP respiratory clinic was strongly associated with the presence of a COVID-19 outbreak. Participant age, location of the clinic, and Indigenous status of participants were also associated with the time to presentation. This study highlights the importance of recognising COVID-19 as a potential cause of symptoms, as well as the importance of providing easily accessible, and culturally appropriate, testing facilities for the population.
KONSERVASI KAWASAN PESISIR DI DESA PULAU KAMPAI KECAMATAN PANGKALAN SUSU KABUPATEN LANGKAT MELALUI PENANAMAN POHON MANGROVE
Authors: Harahap Fitra Syawal , Walida Hilwa , Dalimunthe Badrul Ainy , Siregar Asnan , Susanti Rini , Zulfida Ida , Nazirah Laila , Rauf Abdul , Ritonga Zuriani , Rahmawaty Rahmawaty , Manurung Ida Rumia
Published: April 2022

Dalam penanggulangan dan pencegahan kerusakan ekosistem hutan dan lahan pertanian, keterlibatan para pihak sangat diperlukan, baik dari sejak perencanaan hingga implementasi kegiatan. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam merealisasikan teknologi pemanfaatan lahan pada setiap kegiatan sosial-ekonominya sangat penting dengan prinsip dasar pada perbaikan kapasitas penyerapan (infiltrasi) dan kapasistas penyimpanan tanah terhadap air (memperbesar daya jerap dan daya simpan tanah terhadap air). Teknologi pemanfaatan lahan, seperti penanaman pohon, manajemen tanah dan pemupukan merupakan rentetan teknologi pengelolaan DAS yang penting dan memerlukan keterlibatan semua pihak, termasuk masyarakat. Adapun metode kegiatan yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode, ceramah, diskusi, simulasi, dan penyuluhan. Sasaran dari kegiatan ini yaitu kelompok tani pulau kampai, Anak-anak sekolah, dan masyarakat sekitar pantai. Berbekal informasi inilah, kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat dilakukan untuk lebih memberikan wawasan pada masyarakat di Desa Pulau Kampai tentang pemgelolaan hutan mangrove melalui penanaman pohon-pohon mangrove dan manajemen tanah dan pemupukan. Dari hasil kegiatan tersebut, penanaman pohon mangrove berjalan dengan lancar sesuai dengan yang direncanakan, hal ini terlihat jumlah pohon mangrove yang 500 batang 1 bulan setelah selesai kegiatan terlihat tumbuh dengan baik. Disamping itu juga masyarakat terlihat sangat antusias dalam menjaga lingkungan setelah kegiatan selesai.
PERLUASAN WAWASAN TENTANG ‘INFORMASI TOXIC’ PADA SERANGAN PASCA COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , ZA Saida Zainurossalamia , Asnawati Asnawati , Darma Dio Caisar
Published: April 2022

Modernisasi TI tidak dapat dibendung lagi. Kemajuan pesat dari segala berita yang beredar di kalangan masyarakat yang aktif di social media kerap menimbulkan persepsi, antusias, reaksi, interpretasi; tanggapan yang beragam. Terlebih, krisis Covid-19 tentu berpotensi menimbulkan konflik akibat kesalahpahaman dalam merespon informasi yang berbeda dan ini dimaknai dengan ‘toxic digital’. Melalui PkM ini, setidaknya menjawab tantangan sekaligus peluang tentang upaya atau solusi untuk memberi strategi dan edukasi kepada netizen dalam meninjau ulang segala bentuk informasi yang masih diperdebatkan di FB, YouTube, Twitter, dan IG. Teknik PkM dirancang secara aktual dalam melihat problematika yang relevan dengan pemanfaatan literasi digital dan cultue technology yang matang untuk mereduksi missed information. Sederhananya, metode didukung berbasis diseminasi dan umpan balik. Perencanaan melibatkan berbagai pihak, dimana tahapan koordinasi, sosialisasi, dan sharing-knowledge, tahapan PkM diterapkan di periode 2021. Peran stakeholders yang termuat pada konsep ‘ABGC’, maka setidaknya adaptasi terhadap kemajemukan pola pikir penggiat media sosial menekankan menyoroti dan menyororoti urgensitas ulasan dan berita yang berhubungan dengan angka penyebaran, kematian, penanggulangan, penanganan, dan dampak dari Covid-19 dengan bijaksana. Kami juga menawarkan kepada partisipan dan kalangan luas agar lebih cerdas dan tidak langsung mengambil kesimpulan sepihak untuk terhindar dari gangguan mental, degradasi psikologis, cyber-bullying, dan efek negatif lainnya.
MATEMATIKA, BERBAHASA INGGRIS DAN MEWARNAI UNTUK MEMBUAT DUNIA BERWARNA
Authors: Himmi Nailul , Gusmania Yesi , Manurung Sulastri , Adam Adam , Sari Wanda Novita
Published: April 2022

Matematika dan bahasa Inggris tidak terlepas dari kehidupan manusia. Matematika merupakan dasar kemampuan berpikir untuk memecahkan suatu permasalahan dan Bahasa Inggris merupakan salah satu bahasa yang di pergunakan untuk berkomunikasi secara global. Matematika dan Bahasa Inggris penting diperkenalkan bagi anak usia dini untuk mengkonstruksi pemikiran anak usia dini dari abstrak menuju konkrit dan pemerolehan bahasa pada anak usia ditengarai lebih baik dibanding orang dewasa. Untuk itu kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan matematika dan Bahasa Inggris kepada anak-anak usia dini di lingkungan Perumahan Fantasy Residence. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan pendampingan selama 4 kali pertemuan, dimana setiap pertemuannya dilakukan pengenalan angka 1-20 dan Bahasa Inggris Angka dan Objek yang ada di Lembar Kerja Anak. Tutor memperkenalkan Angka dan Bahasa Inggrisnya secara berulang-ulang sambil mewarnai Objek tersebut. Adapun hasil kegiatan ini, anak-anak usia dini di lingkungan perumahan Fantasy Residence mampu mengidentifikasi bilangan dan objek yang diberikan, serta mengetahui maknanya dalam Bahasa Inggris
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, dan Likuiditas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak dengan Komisaris Independen sebagai variabel Moderating pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Munawar Munawar , Farida Ajeng Luthfiyatul , Kumala Ratih , Erawati Desyi
Published: April 2022

Taxes are the largest source of state revenue. The government is trying to increase tax revenue every year to meet state spending. In the company's prespectives, taxes are considered a burden. This of course requires companies to carry out tax aggressiveness,such as doing many ways in order to minimize tax payments. Literature study shows that there are many factors that influence tax aggressiveness. This research had the aim of analyzing the effect of profitability (ROA), Leverage, and Liquidity (CR) on tax aggressiveness. The researcher uses the independent commissioner variable as a moderator, the population is a manufacturing company in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method. Based on the conditions that have been determined by the author. There are 26 samples of consumer goods sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016 – 2020. The results of data processing concluded that partially significant ROA has an effect on tax aggressiveness, partially Leverage has no significant effect on tax aggressiveness, while CR partially has an insignificant and insignificant effect on tax aggressiveness. Independent Commissioner weakens the influence of Leverage on tax aggressiveness. Independent Commissioner strengthens the influence of ROA and CR on tax aggressiveness
Expert System Detects Laptop Damage Using Naive Bayes Method
Authors: Marlinda Linda , Aziz Faruq , Widiyawati Widiyawati , Widyasih Ajeng Sri
Published: April 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers and students carried out the online teaching and learning process from home. Distance learning has several problems including the limitations of teachers and students in the world of information and communication technology, the facilities and infrastructure they have, and environmental conditions that are less supportive. The use of laptops and the internet every day are used by students and teachers as the main means of the online teaching and learning process. Continuous use without proper maintenance and lack of knowledge in overcoming the problem of damage to laptops makes teachers and students unable to identify the location of the damage and how to deal with it. Therefore, this expert system application was created to assist teachers and students in detecting the symptoms of laptop damage experienced and solutions to overcome the damage. In the development of this expert system using the Naive Bayes method, this method only requires a small amount of training data to determine parameter estimates during the classification process. The results of the application of the nave Bayes method produce appropriate calculations based on the symptoms of damage and a predetermined list of damage so that it can make it easier for users when analyzing the beginning by using existing symptoms with a system that has been built with very efficient time and has an accuracy rate of 100%.
Complex Pathophysiology of Abusive Head Trauma with Poor Neurological Outcome in Infants
Authors: Park Young Soo
Published: April 2022

Abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants, especially acute subdural hematoma, has an extremely poor outcome. The most decisive and important finding is the appearance of a widespread low-density area on head computed tomography. This phenomenon was traditionally thought to be caused by cerebral ischemia. However, many other pathophysiological abnormalities have been found to be intricately involved. Recent studies have found that status epilepticus and hyperperfusion injures are the major causes. Another serious problem associated with AHT is cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). Many infants are reported to visit to the hospital with CPA, and its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. This paper examines the background of these pathological conditions and associated factors and elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in poor outcomes in AHT. In addition to the intensity of assault on the head, the peculiar pathophysiological characteristics in infants, as well as the social background specific to child abuse, are found to be associated with poor outcome.
An Alternative Class of Ratio-Regression-Type Estimator under Two-Phase Sampling Scheme
Authors: Muhammad Isah , Zakari Yahaya , Audu Ahmed
Published: April 2022

In this study, a new exponential ratio-regression estimator is developed using an auxiliary variable for estimating the finite population mean under a two-phase sampling system. The Bias and Mean Square Error (MSE) of the proposed estimator are derived and compared with some of the estimators in extant literature. Thus, the conditions under which the proposed estimator is better than some existing estimators are provided. Empirically, using four real datasets and simulation study, the proposed estimator performs better than the classical ratio, classical regression, exponential ratio, and exponential regression cum ratio estimator when compared using the criteria of bias, mean square error and percentage relative efficiency. The proposed estimator can be used to estimate the averages of economic variables such as inflation, exchange rate, and standard of living for policy formulation.
Relationship between Real Exchange Rate and Consumption in Nigeria: A Nonlinear Approach
Authors: Babangida Jamilu S. , Sanusi Aliyu R. , Yusuf Isah M.
Published: April 2022

This study analyses the relationship between real exchange rate and domestic consumption in Nigeria using the Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) model from 1981Q1 to 2019Q4. Findings show that domestic consumption determines the regime shift in real exchange rate, suggesting a nonlinear linkage with clearly distinct regimes. The lagged exchange rate is shown to have a significant linear effect on the current exchange rate. On the other hand, current foreign consumption is positive but has no significant impact on the exchange rate in the linear part of the model. In the nonlinear part of the model, evidence of a significant negative relationship between real exchange rate and domestic consumption is found, thus, supporting the proposition of the standard international business cycle model. In addition, the study finds evidence of bi-directional nonlinear granger causality between real exchange rate and domestic consumption. The study concludes that the relationship between real exchange rate and domestic consumption is nonlinear and that fiscal and monetary authorities should aim at policies that would stimulate domestic consumption below the threshold level necessary to keep the exchange rate stable.
PENGARUH MOBILISASI DINI TERHADAP POST OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITTING PADA PASIEN POST OPERASI DENGAN GENERAL ANESTESI DI RUMAH SAKIT NGUDI WALUYO WLINGI
Authors: Arif Taufan
Published: April 2022

Abstract : Post Operative Nausea and Vommitting is one of the most commonly complained postoperative patients with general anesthesia. Provision of early mobilization will speed up metabolism in the body, and accelerate the expression of residual anesthesia that is released through sweating. Early mobilization is one way to reduce PONV. This research method uses quasy experimental design with pre-post-test research with control group design. Sampling uses the Frederer formula. The number of samples studied amounted to 36 respondents. This study uses the RINVR instrument to measure a patient's PONV, and uses an early SOP for mobilization as a reference in providing interventions. This research was conducted in January-February 2020. The results of the study in the treatment group were given early mobilization interventions showing changes before being given the intervention, the mean value showed 11.61 to 0.00 after being given the intervention, and the p value was 0,000. The results of the study in the control group were given pharmako intervention alone showed a change before being given an intervention the mean value showed 9.61 to 0.83 after being given the intervention and the p value was 0,000. The results of the study the effect of early mobilization on PONV showed a P value of 0.003. Early mobilization causes a smooth circulatory system so that the CVC system that was previously disrupted and excreted residual anesthesia through sweat. Suggestions for further researchers to examine the differences in the duration of early mobilization so as to reduce nausea and vomiting in postoperative patients.
Implementation of Disinfection in Prevention of COVID-19 Transmission and Its Potential Health Risk at Pasundan Health’s center in Bandung
Authors: Redha Pratiwi Soni , Fitria Laila
Published: April 2022

There have been efforts to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 disease since establishing the COVID-19 pandemic status in Indonesia; Bandung City is no exception. Disinfection is one way to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19 in the Pasundan Health Center area and the possible health risks. The type of research is descriptive observational by cross-sectional. We collect data using secondary data from implementation reports at the Public Health center and interviews and observations. The data and information collected include references, locations, methods of disinfection, the disinfectants used, and their effects on health. Data analysis was done descriptively. The results showed that disinfection at the Pasundan Health Center was carried out by directly spraying frequently touched surfaces/objects or all existing rooms. It can be concluded that the implementation of disinfection in health care facilities can pose health risks. So it is necessary to have supervision in the implementation of disinfection and socialization and education about potential health risks.
Investigation Of Lymphocyte Enhancement In Vivo On Honey Intervention: A Systematic Review Study To Overcome Early Lymphopenia In Covid-19
Authors: Pramono Andri Pramesyanti , Nugraha Yudhi , Rifkia Via , Sahlan Muhammad
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus and was first identified in Wuhan, China. Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients show a significant decrease in lymphocytes. Decreased lymphocyte count is a factor that increases severity in COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 patients who died reported a very low number of lymphocytes compared to COVID-19 patients who recovered. Increasing lymphocytes to normal levels again, especially in the initial phases of infection, is one of the keys to healing COVID-19 patients. The immune system can be used as a strategy for COVID-19 treatment. Still, immunomodulators must be given at the right time at the beginning of infection, with the right dose, not to cause deterioration in the patient. Immunomodulator administration in the final stage can cause severity in COVID-19 disease due to increased cytokine storm. Therefore, Immunodulator screening, which increases lymphocyte counts, is essential for COVID-19 treatment strategies in the initial stage. Lymphocytes are easily isolated from human blood and consist of NK (Natural Killer) cells, T cells (for cell-mediated, adaptive cytotoxic immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). Lymphocytes can be isolated from the blood and cultured in vitro. Animal intervention studies showed that immunomodulatory substances could be used for immunomodulator screening candidates for COVID-19 in initial stage therapy. Some candidates for active ingredients that can be used as immunomodulators are honey. Honey has been shown to increase mouse T cell proliferation. This systematic review shows that honey can increase lymphocyte proliferation and have an anti-inflammatory function by lowering IL-6 levels in several in vivo studies.
The Juridical Impications Of Withdrawal Life-Support In Hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhani Isniani , Prabarini Sekar
Published: April 2022

Withdrawal life-support is mainly categorized as part of euthanasia. When viewed from the aspect of criminal law in force in Indonesia, Indonesia does not permit active euthanasia by anyone (including doctors and medics). If the doctor ends the patient’s life by euthanasia is considered to violate criminal law. The study aimed to find out about life-support for patients with brainstem death in the hospital and to find out about the juridical implications of withdrawal life-support in cases of brain stem death. Based on the data discovered to be recorded, some conclusions that life support for brain stem death patients in the hospital is not needed because the element is futile. The juridical implications of withdrawal life-support in brain stem death patients in hospitals can be exempted from lawsuits if the doctor has implemented duties by medical ethics and acting in a medical professional manner, especially article 344 of The Criminal Code.
Gas-Containing Kidney Stones: A Case Report
Authors: Juniada Putu Herry , Srie Laksminingsih Ni Nyoman , Ayusta I Made Dwijaputra
Published: April 2022

Gas-containing kidney stones are rare cases. The available literature about gas in the kidneys, usually only discusses and distinguishes between two things, namely emphysematous pyelonephritis and emphysematous pyelitis, after getting rid of recent upper urinary tract instrumentation and the presence of fistula with the gastrointestinal tract. To date, there have been only 11 cases of gas-containing kidney stones. We report the 12th case of gas-containing kidney stones (the first from the field of radiology), which is a 69-year-old female with bilateral flank pain, no fever, and no history of other diseases. Physical examination revealed bilateral costovertebral angle tenderness. The plain abdominal radiograph showed a staghorn stone in the right kidney. The non-enhanced CT abdomen showed gas-containing staghorn stones in the right kidney accompanied by hydronephrosis. The patient underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Kidney stone analysis showed oxalate, phosphate, ammonium, calcium, and uric acid components. The etiology and relationship of gas-containing kidney stones with other gas entities in the kidney is still unclear, making it difficult to determine their clinical significance. Radiological examination, especially CT scan, plays a very important role in determining the entity of gas in the kidney.
The Effect Of Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Administration On Renal Histopathology Of Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) From Sprague Dawley Strain Induced By Used Cooking Oil
Authors: Taurina Hilda , Yuniar Jihan Vira , Yunita Elvira
Published: April 2022

Used cooking oil is cooking oil that has been heated repeatedly, so that it can cause the formation of free radical compounds. Free radicals are toxic kidneys that generate cell injury via lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and protein peroxidation. Black tea (Camellia sinensis) infusion has a strong polyphenol group, namely epigallocatechin gallate, thearubigin, theaflavin, the amino acid                L-theanine, flavonols, and catechins that can inhibit free radicals and protect organs from oxidative stress. This study was a post-only control group design experiment. The research subjects used were 24 Sprague Dawley male rats which were divided into six groups. The first group was the control group (K0). Treatment group 1 was given distilled water and used cooking oil after 12 times heating (K1), treatment group 2 was given black tea at a dose of 2.5g/ kg bw (body weight) and distilled water (K2), and treatment group 3 was given black tea at a dose of 3.75 g/kg bw and distilled water (K3). Treatment group 4 was given used cooking oil after 12 times heating and black tea with a dose of 0.50 gr/200 gr bw (K4), treatment group 5 was given used cooking oil after 12 times heating and black tea with a dose of 3.75 g/kg bw (K5). All groups were treated for 42 days. Then, the rats' kidney was collected, and data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and One Way ANOVA test. The results of the Kruskal Wallis and One Way ANOVA test showed a decrease in glomerular and tubular damage after the rats orally induced with black tea were given 12x heating used cooking oil (p<0.05). The mean histopathological score in the administration of black tea at a dose of 3.75 g/kg bw was lower than at a dose of 2.5 g/kg bw. This study shows that infusion of black tea (Camellia sinensis) can prevent glomerular and tubular damage induced by used cooking oil.
Effect of Ethanol Extract Karamunting Leaf (Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk) on Testosterone Hormone Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats
Authors: Khatimah Husnul , Rosida Lena , Kaidah Siti , Yuliana Ida
Published: April 2022

Karamunting leaf is a natural ingredient in South Kalimantan and is used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus (DM) can decrease hormone testosterone. Research on Karamunting leaves on testosterone levels had not been widely studied. The aim was to analyse the effect of administration ethanol extract Karamunting leaf on testosterone levels in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. The method was true experimental,  Posttest Control Group. The research groups were divided into 4 groups. The control group giving streptozotocin induction at dosage 40 mg/kg bw rats intra-peritoneally. The treatment group was a group of rats DM  treated with ethanol extract of Karamunting leaf at dosage 100 mg/kg bw, 200 mg/kg bw, and 400 mg/kg bw. The treatment in the research group was carried out for 14 days. On day 15, blood was taken to measure testosterone levels by the ELISA method and glucose blood. The data were analysed with Kolmogorov Smirnov and Mann Whitney. Testosterone levels increased with administration of ethanol extract Karamunting leaves at dose 100 mg/kg bw (16.58 ± 2.8) and 400 mg/kg bw (16.17 ± 2.07) when compared with the control group (14.56 ± 0.8). Administration of ethanolic extract of Karamunting leaf in DM rats has an effect on testosterone levels.
Simple Nutrition Screening Tool (SNST) in Nutritional Assessment as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly
Authors: Indriawati Ratna , Aziz Muhammad Rivai
Published: April 2022

The elderly with nutritional disorders requires healing complications in their disease. Nutrient intake for the elderly with illness is needed for the healing process and to prevent further complications. One of the biggest factors of mortality in old age is non-communicable diseases, namely cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between the Simple Nutritional Screening Tool (SNST) in nutritional assessment and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the elderly. This study used a cross-sectional method which was conducted for three months with a total of 51 respondents. Primary data collection was done by an interview with a questionnaire guide. Anthropometric and biochemical data from medical records. The results showed that SNST data showed that 92.20% were not at risk of malnutrition, and 7.80% were at risk of malnutrition. Chi-Square test between body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, LDL, HDL, blood sugar, smoking behavior, food intake, diet, and eating frequency as cardiovascular risk factors with SNST was not significant (p>0.05). The research concludes that there is no relationship between SNST and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, LDL, HDL, blood sugar, smoking behavior, food intake, eating patterns, and eating frequency as cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly.
Quality of life among mothers of preterm newborns in a Malaysian neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Ong Swee Leong , Soh Kim Lam , Hussin Emni Omar Daw , Japar Salimah , Soh Kim Geok , Vorasiha Ponpun , Daud Azlina
Published: April 2022

Background: As Quality of Life (QoL) becomes progressively vital in health care services, its importance in mother and child health is of no exception too. Quality of life among mothers with a premature newborn is an issue that has led to growing concerns in the health care system. Yet, despite the knowledge about mother’s QoL being essential to family-centered planning on prematurity integrated healthcare, current evidence has been scant. 
Objective: To examine factors related to the QoL of mothers having preterm newborns hospitalized in the neonatal critical unit.
Methods: A non-probability convenience survey was used in a public hospital in Malaysia, covering 180 mothers whose preterm newborns were hospitalized into level III Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) through the completion of a 26-questions survey of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the 26-questions of Parental Stress Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS: NICU). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficients.
Result: The mean scores for mothers' quality of life were (M = 3.67, SD = 0.73) and maternal stress (M = 3.03, SD = 0.90) out of 5. A mother’s occupation was found to be the only factor associated with the quality of life among mothers who have preterm newborns admitted to the NICU. Furthermore, maternal role change was found to have a moderate negative relationship with the quality of life (r = 0.310, p = 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the main factors contributing to the mother’s QoL during their preterm newborns’ NICU admission were role change-related stress. Thus, to maintain a better QoL among this group of mothers during this traumatic period, a special nursing intervention program must be implemented immediately, right after the preterm newborns’ admission, to relieve the mothers’ stress which has been proven to have a direct effect on the mothers’ QoL. The study results will alert healthcare providers, particularly neonatal nurses, on the need to support mothers psychologically in terms of role change. This is to ensure a better quality of life among mothers whose newborns were admitted to the NICU.
Life skills and sexual risk behaviors among adolescents in Indonesia: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Mediawati Ati Surya , Yosep Iyus , Mardhiyah Ai
Published: April 2022

Background:  Adolescents require life skills and individual and interpersonal abilities to grow into adults with a healthy lifestyle. Although the majority of the literature indicates that life skills increase teenagers’ cognitive, social, and emotional abilities, there is a lack of data correlating life skills to sexual risk behaviors.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between life skills and sexual risk behaviors among adolescents aged 15–19 in Bandung, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey of 480 adolescents from April to May 2021. A representative sample was drawn from the students aged 15–19 years. The participants were selected using simple random sampling generated by computer software. Life Skill Training Questionnaire High School (LSTQ-HS) and sexual risk behaviors instruments were used for data collection, and logistic regression was used for data analysis.
Results: From a total of 480 respondents, about 23.3% had masturbation experience, 25.8% had petting experience, 8.3% had sexual intercourse, 5% had sex before 18 years of age, and 4.2% had oral sex experience. Sexual risky behaviors were associated with unfavorable refusal skill (AOR = 6.46, 95% CI = 2.37, 17.53), assertiveness skill (AOR = 3.51, 95% CI = 1.32, 4.33), problem-solving skill (AOR = 5.35, 95% CI = 2.88, 11.39), and self-control skill (AOR = 7.31, 95% CI = 2.79, 17.24).
Conclusion:  Life skills are important protective aspects for those who engage in sexually risky behavior. Considering the study findings, tailored life skills programs are critical for adolescent wellbeing and risk reduction. Nurses who take a proactive role in providing sexual and reproductive health services may provide more accurate information and provide early screening and assessment for sexual and reproductive behavior to reduce risky sexual behavior among adolescents. Schools are also encouraged to work with local health departments to conduct sexual education counseling programs.
Characteristics of interactive communication between Pepper robot, patients with schizophrenia, and healthy persons
Authors: Betriana Feni , Tanioka Ryuichi , Yokotani Tomoya , Matsumoto Kazuyuki , Zhao Yueren , Osaka Kyoko , Miyagawa Misao , Kai Yoshihiro , Schoenhofer Savina , Locsin Rozzano C. , Tanioka Tetsuya
Published: April 2022

Background: Expressing enjoyment when conversing with healthcare robots is an opportunity to enhance the value of human robots with interactive capabilities. In clinical practice, it is common to find verbal dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia. Thus, interactive communication characteristics may vary between Pepper robot, persons with schizophrenia, and healthy persons.
Objective: Two case studies aimed to describe the characteristics of interactive communications, 1) between Pepper as a healthcare robot and two patients with schizophrenia, and 2) between Pepper as a healthcare robot and two healthy persons.
Case Report: The “Intentional Observational Clinical Research Design” was used to collect data. Using audio-video technology, the conversational interactions between the four participants with the Pepper healthcare robot were recorded. Their interactions were observed, with significant events noted. After their interactions, the four participants were interviewed regarding their experience and impressions of interacting with the Pepper healthcare robot. Audio-video recordings were analyzed following the analysis and interpretation protocol, and the interview data were transcribed, analyzed, and interpreted.
Discussion: There were similarities and differences in the interactive communication characteristics between the Pepper robot and the two participants with schizophrenia and between Pepper and the two healthy participants. The similarities were experiences of human enjoyment while interacting with the Pepper robot. This enjoyment was enhanced with the expectancy of the Pepper robot as able to entertain, and possessing interactive capabilities, indicating two-way conversational abilities. However, different communicating characteristics were found between the healthy participants’ impressions of the Pepper robot and the participants with schizophrenia. Healthy participants understood Pepper to be an automaton, with responses to questions often constrained and, on many occasions, displaying inaccurate gaze.
Conclusion: Pepper robot showed capabilities for effective communication pertaining to expressing enjoyment. The accuracy and appropriateness of gaze remained a critical characteristic regardless of the situation or occasion with interactions between persons with schizophrenia, and between healthy persons. It is important to consider that in the future, for effective use of healthcare robots with multiple users, improvements in the areas of the appropriateness of gaze, response time during the conversation, and entertaining functions are critically observed.
“I can live a normal life”: Exploring adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Indonesian adolescents living with HIV
Authors: Nuraidah Nuraidah , Wanda Dessie , Hayati Happy , Rachmawati Imami Nur , Waluyo Agung
Published: April 2022

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can be challenging since it needs to be continued for a lifetime. At their age, adolescents start to be responsible for their life, and this continued therapy might be a challenge for them.
Objective: This study explored the experiences of adherence to ART in adolescents living with HIV in Jakarta, Indonesia.
Methods: A qualitative study with an Appreciative Inquiry (AI) approach was employed to explore challenges adolescents face in ART adherence which focused more on positive aspects of the experience. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten adolescents who were selected purposively based on criteria including those aged 13-19 years, having been diagnosed with HIV infection and receiving ART for more than a year, and never having discontinued ART. All participants were registered in the outpatient clinic in one top referral hospital in Jakarta. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Five themes were identified from the data: living a normal life, wanting to be healthy, taking medication on time, challenges in undergoing treatment, and there is hope.
Conclusion: Adolescents with HIV want to live as normal and healthy as possible, like other adolescents. Even though adolescents face several challenges to comply with ART, they try to take the medication as prescribed. The findings of this study serve as input for nurses to maintain compliance with ARVs in adolescents who have HIV.