bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imaging-based T stage (iT) as a predictive and prognostic marker for outcome in T4 stage tongue carcinomas
Authors: Mahajan Abhishek , Suthar Meena , Agarwal Ujjwal , Shukla Shreya , Thiagarajan Shivakumar , Sable Nilesh
Published: January 2022

Preoperative imaging is essential for staging carcinomas of the oral tongue in addition to clinical staging. The current TNM staging of the oral cavity according to the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer is appropriate for buccal mucosal carcinomas due to their proximity to and frequent involvement of the skin, bone, and masticator space in case of advanced disease. However, it is inadequate for the subclassification of tongue carcinomas. Tongue cancers, even those in the advanced stage, do not frequently involve these structures, thus leading to understaging of these tumors. We observed that the preoperative radiological markers such as perineural invasion, hyoid bone involvement, extrinsic muscle involvement up to their origin, and distance of the paralingual septum from the tumor are better predictors of prognosis of carcinoma of the tongue. In this article, we review the existing literature on T4 staging of tongue carcinomas and also propose a few modifications to the current staging system from a radiological perspective. A comprehensive search of abstracts of prognostic markers in tongue carcinoma and their impact on T4 stage was done. The PubMed and the Cochrane library were used. The keywords for Medical Subject Headings were as follows: Magnetic resonance imaging, Neurovascular bundle, Oral tongue, Perineural invasion, Squamous cell carcinoma, Extrinsic muscle invasion, Hyoid bone involvement, and Paralingual septum distance. The reference lists of included studies and review articles were checked manually. Unpublished data were not included in this review. We suggest a radiological T4 staging system which is more suitable for staging tongue cancers.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for operable carcinoma esophagus
Authors: Dora Tapas Kumar , Aeron Tushar , Chatterjee Abhishek , Deshmukh Jayashree , Goel Alok , Bose Shubhadeep , Chaudhary Debashish , Sharma Rakesh , Khandelwal Sachin , Sancheti Sankalp , Pahwa Shefali , Singh Avtar , Saini Amit , Laskar Sarbani Ghosh , Agarwal Jai Prakash , Shrivastava Shyam Kishore , Kapoor Rakesh
Published: January 2022

Background:

Carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction is an aggressive disease with limited survival. Standard management consists of multimodality therapy, incorporating chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.

Objectives:

We aimed to understand the obstacles in treating patients with resectable esophageal cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. We also assessed the disease outcomes in the patients who completed surgery.

Materials and Methods:

We included patients with resectable esophageal carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation between March 2017 and August 2019 at the Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital in Sangrur, Punjab, a tertiary care center in rural India. As surgery for esophageal cancer was not performed at our center, patients had to be referred to a higher center for this. Patients were divided into two groups, based on the therapy they received following neoadjuvant chemoradiation: those who completed surgery (Group A) and those who did not (Group B). The pathologic response rates were noted. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups.

Results:

A total of 55 patients (32 in Group A and 23 in Group B) were included the study. In Group A, complete pathologic responses were noted in 19 (59.4%), partial responses in 11 (34.4%) and poor responses in 2 (6.2%) patients. The major reasons for not undergoing surgery were patient refusal as they were feeling better after chemoradiation (8, 34.8%) and the presence of advanced inoperable (5, 21.7%) or metastatic disease (3, 13%) on imaging after chemoradiation. The median DFS in Group A and Group B was 8 months (range, 0–38 months) and 14 months (range, 0–29 months), respectively, and the 2-year DFS was 57.8% and 73.3%, respectively (P = 0.28). Median OS in Group A and Group B was 17 months (range, 3–43 months) and 17 months (range, 2–31 months), respectively, and the 2-year OS was 52.6% and 53.5%, respectively (P = 0.70).

Conclusions:

Implementing neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery for resectable esophageal cancer in a center where esophageal cancer surgery cannot be performed is challenging. Among patients who undergo surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiation, complete pathologic responses occur in 59.4% patients, and clinical outcomes appear to be similar to those reported in the literature.
A multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase III trial of ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel for treatment of Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer after disease progression on or after platinum-based therapy (REVEL)
Authors: Prabhash Kumar , Doval D. C. , Rangarajan Bharath , Somani Naresh , Pruthi Aarohan , D’yachkova Yulia , Puri Tarun
Published: January 2022

Background:

Ramucirumab plus docetaxel has been shown to improve survival as a second-line treatment for patients with Stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the multicenter, double-blind, randomized, Phase III trial, REVEL.

Objective:

In this exploratory analysis, we aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of ramucirumab plus docetaxel in the Indian patient subgroup of the REVEL study.

Materials and Methods:

Adult patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC of either squamous or non-squamous histology, who progressed during or after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive either ramucirumab plus docetaxel or placebo plus docetaxel. We performed a descriptive analysis of the baseline characteristics, safety, and efficacy of the Indian subgroup of the overall REVEL study (NCT01168973). The analyses presented here are not intended for comparison purposes either between treatment arms or to the overall REVEL study.

Results:

Fifty-five Indian patients were included in the REVEL study. Baseline characteristics and prior therapies of these patients were well-balanced between the treatment arms. Almost 80% patients had non-squamous histology, and 78.2% were men. All patients had received prior standard platinum-based therapy: 25.5% of patients received maintenance, while 18.2% received taxane (paclitaxel only) as part of their first-line therapy. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events regardless of grade was similar between the two arms in the Indian safety subgroup. Patients treated with ramucirumab plus docetaxel experienced a median overall survival (OS) of 13.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.7–17.6) and progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.6 months (95% CI, 2.8–7.0) relative to a median OS of 5.3 months (95% CI: 3.6–9.9) and PFS of 1.5 months (95% CI: 1.3–5.2), for those treated with placebo plus docetaxel.

Conclusion:

In this exploratory analysis, Indian patients enrolled in the REVEL study demonstrated prolonged OS and PFS when treated with ramucirumab plus docetaxel, consistent with the overall results of the REVEL study. Ramucirumab plus docetaxel appears to be well tolerated by Indian patients, as the rates for most adverse events were similar with and without ramucirumab.
The utility of day 14 bone marrow response assessment in patients undergoing acute myeloid leukemia induction
Authors: Manuprasad Avaronnan , Raghavan Vineetha , Shenoy Praveen Kumar , Krishnan Aswathi , Nair Chandran K.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Examination of the bone marrow on day 14 of induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common practice. However, the evidence for re-inducing the patient based on early bone marrow response is limited.

Objectives:

This study was aimed at assessing the utility of bone marrow examination on day 14 of AML induction in predicting complete remission (CR) or residual disease and its impact on clinical decisions on re-induction in a resource-limited setting.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted at the Malabar Cancer Center, a tertiary cancer center in Kerala, India. Adult patients with AML who received 3 + 7 (daunorubicin + cytarabine) induction chemotherapy from January 2011 to December 2018 and underwent an early bone marrow examination on day 14 were included in the study. Early marrow response was considered adequate if the marrow cellularity was less than 15%–20%, with less than 5%–10% blasts. Patients with inadequate bone marrow response were given re-induction chemotherapy, if eligible. Unfit patients were continued on supportive measures. The end-of-induction bone marrow was done on day 28 after count recovery. Case records of all patients were reviewed, and data including the baseline characteristics, day 14 bone marrow response, and post-induction marrow status were collected.

Results:

Of the 96 patients who received induction chemotherapy during the study period, 78 underwent day 14 bone marrow assessment. The median age was 44 years (range, 15-66), and 43% of the patients were males. On day 14, 57 (73%) patients had adequate bone marrow response, 19 (24%) had inadequate response, and 2 (3%) had inconclusive results. Among the patients with inadequate responses, 12 attained CR at the end of induction, although only 9 received re-induction. Adequate day 14 bone marrow had a sensitivity of 89.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79–96) in predicting the remission status at the end of induction. The specificity of inadequate day 14 marrow response in predicting residual disease in post-induction bone marrow was 89% (95% CI, 79–96). Similarly, the positive predictive value was 100% and the negative predictive value was 14%.

Conclusion:

Although assessment of day 14 bone marrow response is useful in predicting the chances of CR at the end of induction, its role in guiding the decision for re-induction is doubtful, and larger studies are needed to address this question.
Minimally or Less Invasive Surfactant Replacement Therapy in Neonates
Authors: Karthikeyan Gengaimuthu
Published: January 2022

Surfactant replacement therapy is a major cornerstone in the successful management of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Until recently, the INtubate, SURfactant, Extubate protocol was the best a trade-off achieved to deliver the surfactant to the air exchanging respiratory epithelium against the barotrauma of prolonged intubation and ventilation. Minimal or Less Invasive Surfactant Therapy (MIST or LISA) was adapted in clinical practice as a gentler and a gentler way of delivering surfactant. LISA or MIST is associated with a significant reduction in the oxygen days and chronic lung disease, intraventricular hemorrhage of grade 2 or above, retinopathy of prematurity and other key neonatal outcomes. This translates into shortened neonatal intensive care unit stay and a significant reduction in the stress levels of neonatal nurses, parents, and caregivers. This procedure needs to be performed by skilled professionals with appropriate training to achieve the desired results.
Considerations in laparoscopic resection of giant pancreatic cystic neoplasms
Authors: Gadiyaram Srikanth , Nachiappan Murugappan , Thota Ravi Kiran
Published: January 2022

Background:

Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) with (LDPS) or without splenectomy for cystic tumours in the body and tail has become the standard of care. Data on patients with large tumours of the body and tail of the pancreas are sparse.

Patients and Methods:

A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients who were managed with laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic cystic neoplasm since 2010 was done. Patients with cysts more than 8 cm were analysed. Clinical presentation, imaging, details of the surgical procedure and the outcomes were looked into.

Results:

Five patients of giant pancreatic cystic neoplasm (GPCN) were managed with LDPS. Four patients were female, mean age was 45 years (range 15–69 years). The mean cyst size was 11.2 cms (range 8–15 cm). The splenic vein was either stretched or thrombosed in all patients. Three patients had sinistral portal hypertension. All patients were operated with a modified five-port placement. None of the patients required conversion. Mean operative duration was 3½ h, blood loss was 80 ml approximately and none required a blood transfusion. One patient had a biochemical leak. All patients were discharged from the hospital by 3rd postoperative day. Drain removal was done before discharge except in the patient with biochemical leak (removed on day 6). On a median follow-up of 89 months (range 1–120 months), two patients developed diabetes. There has been no Overwhelming post-splenectomy infections (OPSI).

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is feasible in patients with GPCN and offers the all the short-term benefits, namely lesser pain, no wound infections, early return of bowel activity, early return to orals and early discharge and early return to work. Splenectomy was required in all patients because of splenic vein thrombosis and portal hypertension in three and for technical reasons in the rest.
Robotic-assisted lobectomy for malignant lung tumors
Authors: Wahi Jessica Emilia , Ajabshir Navid , Williams Roy , Bustamante Harlee , Safdie Fernando Martin
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

For patients with lung cancer, surgical resection remains the best curative option and is associated with the longest disease-free survival. We present our institutional outcomes treating pulmonary malignancy with robotic lobectomy over the course of 1 year.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent robotic pulmonary lobectomy for malignancy at a single institution in 2018.

Results:

Over the course of 1 year, 166 patients underwent robotic lobectomy for pulmonary neoplasm. The mean age of the patients was 75 years; 73% were current or prior smokers and 52% of the patients were male. The mean body mass index was 28 kg/m2. Conversion to open thoracotomy occurred in 7% of patients. The mean total hospital length of stay (LOS) was 3 days. Histopathological examination revealed a mean tumour size of 2.7 cm with 11 lymph nodes harvested. Left-sided tumours had a significantly higher number of lymph nodes harvested when compared to right-sided tumours (11.6 vs. 9.8, P = 0.01), despite sampling the recommended minimum of three N2 stations. The most common pathology was adenocarcinoma (65%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (17%) The 30-day operative mortality was 0.6%.

Conclusions:

Robotic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a safe, feasible and oncologically adequate procedure for lung malignancies. Comparison of our outcomes to previously reported national averages suggests a similar hospital LOS, lymph node harvest, conversion rate to open thoracotomy and 30-day mortality rate. We acknowledge the limitations of this non-randomised, retrospective study. Future research on robotic lobectomies is encouraged.
Assessment of Emergency Department Satisfaction Level in Saudi Arabia General Hospital
Authors: Al-Wathinani Ahmed M. , Aldawsari Saad , Alhallaf Mohammed , Alotaibi Yousef , Alrazeeni Dhaifallah , Ageli Mohammed M. , Villanueva Charles A. , Albaqami Nawaf
Published: January 2022

Background and objectives:

An overcrowded emergency department (ED) cannot meet the patients’ growing demand. This situation harms employees’ performance and, alternatively, causes anxiety and dissatisfaction among patients since the quality of healthcare outcomes fall below their expectations. This study aimed at improving and validating a scale for assessing patient satisfaction in the ED.

Methods:

In this study, 134 participants from Wadi Al-Dawasir General Hospital were enrolled using a convenient sampling technique. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using 5-point Likert scales.

Results:

All tested hypotheses showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). Our results show that male employees were more satisfied compared with their female counterparts. Furthermore, Saudi employees were more satisfied with the health services than non-Saudi ones.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study brought to the fore that patients and their families were satisfied with the healthcare services and their quality. This means better service delivery played a crucial role in enhancing satisfaction levels. Nevertheless, this study also highlights that overcrowding is a significant problem for healthcare organizations. Wadi al-Dawasir General Hospital's ED should continually improve its quality to meet the growing needs of its clients.
Awareness of general nurses in management of postoperative pain through patient controlled analgesia - Comparison among the Czech Republic and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mackova (Porter) Denisa , Al Harbi Mohammed , Tawfeeq Nasser A. , Pokorna Andrea
Published: January 2022

Background:

Postoperative pain management is one of the largest worldwide challenges faced by healthcare professionals and is one of the most common problems that accompany patients in the postoperative period.

Objectives:

We evaluated the awareness of general nurses on the management of postoperative pain through PCA (patient-controlled analgesia) on a multicultural level among general nurses from the Czech Republic (CZ) and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was performed by the distribution of the questionnaires. We distributed 403 questionnaires in CZ and 550 questionnaires in KSA. Statistical analysis was performed by program STATA15 at the significance level ∝ =0.05.

Results:

The study included total of 833 respondents (N = 360 CZ; N = 473 KSA). In both countries, the majority of the respondents were female (CZ 89, 7%; KSA 92, 4%). The average age was similar in both countries (38.6 years in CZ and 35.6 years in KSA). We found out that the use of the treatment through PCA differs between both countries according to the type of department (P < 0.05). We verified that the frequency of use of the PCA method differs in the post-anesthesia care unit between CZ and KSA (P = 0.000).

Conclusions:

According to the available results, we can state that the general nurses in KSA care for patients with the PCA much more often and have more experience with the PCA than general nurses from CZ.
Crystalloid fluids and delayed graft function in kidney transplant
Authors: ALKouny Amr , ALHarbi Mohammed K. , ALTheaby Abdulrahman R. , Aboalsamh Ghaleb , Fayed Amel
Published: January 2022

Background:

Normal saline is commonly used in the perioperative kidney transplant period; its high chloride content can cause hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis giving a possible advantage to balanced electrolyte solutions due to their lower chloride content. The evidence regarding the best practices in fluid management during kidney transplantation and its effect on the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) is still limited.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred thirty-eight patients were included and followed up for seven days after surgery. Administered crystalloid type and volume were compared among patients with and without DGF, along with additional patient and surgical variables. To investigate whether intraoperative fluid type/amount influence DGF, patients were categorized into three groups: those who received mainly (>50%) lactated Ringer's solution, normal saline, or plasmaLyte. A logistic regression analysis was used to define variables independently correlated with DGF, and odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported.

Results:

The incidence of DGF was 8.7%. Cold ischemia time independently increased the odds of DGF (OR = 1.006 (95% CI: 1.002–1.011) while fluid type (saline versus PlasmaLyte OR = 5.28, 95% CI: 0.76–36.88) or amount (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00–1.01) did not significantly modify the odds of DGF. Central venous pressure, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure were higher in the non-DGF group, but this was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Significant intraoperative acidosis developed in patients who received normal saline compared to those in PlasmaLyte and lactated Ringer's groups; however, acid–base balance and electrolytes did not vary significantly between the DGF and non-DGF groups.

Conclusion:

DGF was primarily influenced by surgical factors such as cold ischemia time, whereas intraoperative fluid type or amount did not affect DGF incidence.
Hemophilia C management in obstetric anesthesia
Authors: Guadalix-Sanchez Cristina , Albajar-Bobes Andrea , Barbero-Mielgo Macarena , Fornet-Ruiz Inocencia
Published: January 2022

Coagulation alterations might represent a problem in obstetric anesthesia considering that they may contraindicate neuraxial techniques and worsen a case of uterine atony with more severe bleeding if they are not correctly recognized and treated. We report the case of a parturient diagnosed with severe factor XI deficiency during the delivery progress. In this case, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and neuraxial techniques were avoided and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with boluses of remifentanil was used for pain management. Treatment with tranexamic acid and fresh frozen plasma was initiated and the absence of urgent factor XI availability was notified. Due to no progression of labor, cesarean section was required and a general anesthesia was performed. During the procedure, uterine atony occurred. Uterine massage and several uterotonic drugs were needed to control it. The patient remained stable and the delivery was accomplished without further incidents. The objective of this report is to present the pain, coagulation and bleeding management of a patient with hemophilia C in our obstetric department and to alert for the need of multidisciplinary work to successfully approach this type of patient.
Oliceridine- Opioid of the 21st Century
Authors: Goudra Basavana
Published: January 2022

Oliceridine (Olinvyk® Trevena, PA, USA) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for clinical use on Aug 8, 2020. Even though, the indication of its approval is very restrictive (to manage moderate-to-severe acute pain in adults when the pain is severe enough), for such an innovative opioid, off-label indications are bound to abound. What could be described as the “opioid of the century,” it aims to overcome some of the stubbornest barriers to opioid prescribing, namely addiction liability, respiratory depression, and gastrointestinal (GI) side effects, just to name a few. The novel opioid accomplishes this by a unique mechanism of action. By selectively acting on the G-protein sub-pathway in preference to the beta-arrestin, it aims to mitigate these unwanted µ-opioid receptors-associated opioid side effects, while preserving its analgesic activity. What remains to be seen, however, is if these observations seen in phases 2 and 3 trials will be borne in actual large-scale clinical use, both inside and outside the USA. Unfortunately, the field of anesthesia is rife with innovations that have shown enormous promise at the research stage, only to end up as damp squibs when released to the clinicians for general use. Rapcuronium and althesin are some such examples. We aim to present some of the contentious and emerging issues associated with this drug and some of the potential pitfalls of this new opioid.
Laryngeal mass induced severe ventilatory impairment during induction of anesthesia
Authors: Kim Jeongeun , Lee Deok-Hee
Published: January 2022

A 77-year-old man with laryngeal cancer was scheduled for total laryngectomy and lymph node dissection surgery under general anesthesia. The patient did not present with airway obstruction signs, including dyspnea or wheezing sounds during spontaneous respiration, and the laryngeal opening could be easily identified on the fiberoptic bronchoscope examination preoperatively. Due to his poor cognition and cooperation, we decided not to try awake fiberoptic intubation. During the induction of general anesthesia, total airway obstruction occurred a few minutes after muscle relaxation. The patient could not be ventilated by mask ventilation; nevertheless, tracheal intubation using a conventional laryngoscope was performed without difficulty. It turned out that even a laryngeal mass that does not cause obstructive symptoms, not large in size or totally blocking the airway, can cause difficulty in mask ventilation.
Artificial intelligence and anesthesia
Authors: Singh Madhavi , Nath Gita
Published: January 2022

Rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to diagnostic, therapeutic, and intervention-based applications in the field of medicine. Today, there is a deep chasm between AI-based research articles and their translation to clinical anesthesia, which needs to be addressed. Machine learning (ML), the most widely applied arm of AI in medicine, confers the ability to analyze large volumes of data, find associations, and predict outcomes with ongoing learning by the computer. It involves algorithm creation, testing and analyses with the ability to perform cognitive functions including association between variables, pattern recognition, and prediction of outcomes. AI-supported closed loops have been designed for pharmacological maintenance of anesthesia and hemodynamic management. Mechanical robots can perform dexterity and skill-based tasks such as intubation and regional blocks with precision, whereas clinical-decision support systems in crisis situations may augment the role of the clinician. The possibilities are boundless, yet widespread adoption of AI is still far from the ground reality. Patient-related “Big Data” collection, validation, transfer, and testing are under ethical scrutiny. For this narrative review, we conducted a PubMed search in 2020-21 and retrieved articles related to AI and anesthesia. After careful consideration of the content, we prepared the review to highlight the growing importance of AI in anesthesia. Awareness and understanding of the basics of AI are the first steps to be undertaken by clinicians. In this narrative review, we have discussed salient features of ongoing AI research related to anesthesia and perioperative care.
Prevalence, distribution and correlates of pain in patients with mucormycosis-A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mitragotri Milon V. , Sachidananda Roopa , Kurugodiyavar Mahesh D. , Gadag Raveendra P. , Thirunavukarasu Vignesh M. , Suhas C.M V.
Published: January 2022

Context:

COVID-19 has led to a spate of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis cases in India, the epidemiology of which was least understood before. Only a few case series and case reports discuss the symptomatology of mucormycosis.

Aims:

The primary objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence of pain in patients with mucormycosis. The secondary objectives include the type, regional distribution, characteristics and determinants of pain in patients with mucormycosis.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive adult patients with mucormycosis in our hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Following recruitment, a preplanned written questionnaire that was tested for validity with peers, with closed-ended queries was filled on a sole visit by an anesthesia postgraduate based on the response by the patient.

Statistical analysis used:

Categorical variables were summarized as proportion and percentage. To compare quantitative variables, Chi-square test was used.

Results:

A total of 69 out of the 80 patients recruited complained of pain (P value = 0.468). A total of 76.8% of patients had pain in the supraorbital region with 84% of the patients complaining of throbbing pain and 98.6% needing analgesics. Gender, pre-existing diabetes mellitus, organs affected due to mucormycosis, prior steroid usage, prior COVID illness, surgical intervention, and previous experience of pain in the same region had no influence on the presence or severity of pain.

Conclusions:

Pain is one of the presenting symptoms in patients with mucormycosis which is usually in the supraorbital and maxillary region, nociceptive type and throbbing in nature, and moderate to severe in intensity usually managed with simple analgesics.
Spectral multipliers and wave equation for sub-Laplacians: lower regularity bounds of Euclidean type
Authors: Martini Alessio , Müller Detlef , Nicolussi Golo Sebastiano
Published: January 2022

Let

\mathscr{L}

be a smooth second-order real differential operator in divergence form on a manifold of dimension

n

. Under a bracket-generating condition, we show that the ranges of validity of spectral multiplier estimates of Mikhlin–Hörmander type and wave propagator estimates of Miyachi–Peral type for

\mathscr{L}

cannot be wider than the corresponding ranges for the Laplace operator on

\mathbb{R}^n

. The result applies to all sub-Laplacians on Carnot groups and more general sub-Riemannian manifolds, without restrictions on the step. The proof hinges on a Fourier integral representation for the wave propagator associated with

\mathscr{L}

and nondegeneracy properties of the sub-Riemannian geodesic flow.
Ricci curvature in dimension 2
Authors: Lytchak Alexander , Stadler Stephan
Published: January 2022

We prove that in two dimensions the synthetic notions of lower bounds on sectional and on Ricci curvature coincide.
From non-defectivity to identifiability
Authors: Casarotti Alex , Mella Massimiliano
Published: January 2022

A point

p

in a projective space is

h

-identifiable via a variety

X

if there is a unique way to write

p

as a linear combination of

h

points of

X

. Identifiability is important both in algebraic geometry and in applications. In this paper we propose an entirely new approach to study identifiability, connecting it to the notion of secant defect for any smooth projective variety. In this way we are able to improve the known bounds on identifiability and produce new identifiability statements. In particular, we give optimal bounds for some Segre and Segre–Veronese varieties and provide the first identifiability statements for Grassmann varieties.
Self Regulated Learning dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Akademik
Authors: Sukarman
Published: January 2022

Kemampuan belajar adalah kemandirian belajar, meregulasi, memotivasi, dengan perilaku diri sendiri untuk menetapkan target untuk belajar (self regulated learning/SRL) dan hasil belajar dari Taruna Poltekbang Makassar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh self regulated learning terhadap Taruna Politeknik Penerbangan Makassar pada pembelajaran pancasila. Penelitian kemampuan penalaran terhadap Taruna merupakan suatu kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh Taruna. Salah satunya adalah kemampuan dalam kemandirian belajar baik dalam belajar, waktu belajar, maupun pencarian materi, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa penelitian survei. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar. Setelah dilakukan uji regresi linear sederhana  dengan software SPSS diketahui nilai thitung sebesar 16,041 > ttabel sebesar 1,678 pengaruh pada variabel X  terhadap variabel Y. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat adanya pengaruh (SRL)  terhadap hasil belajar Taruna Politeknik Penerbangan Makassar.
Model Learning Approach pada Mata Kuliah Basic Aircraft Material (BAM) di Perguruan Tinggi Vokasi Indonesia
Authors: Nur Mulyadi
Published: January 2022

Mata kuliah Basic Aircraft Material (BAM) adalah bidang ilmu yang mempelajari tentang dasar-dasar pemeliharaan pesawat udara. Sistem penilaian yang dilakukan pada mata kuliah ini selain dari UTS dan UAS, juga berdasarkan 2 tugas yang dikerjakan, dan sikap Taruna selama mempelajari mata kuliah BAM. Sedangkan tuntutan pada mata kuliah BAM ini adalah Taruna dituntut untuk dapat menganalisis kasus serta melakukan praktek kerja. Agar Taruna dapat memenuhi tuntutan mata kuliah BAM tersebut, maka Taruna memiliki pendekatan yang berbeda-beda dalam belajar. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penbelajaran taruna dengan pendekatan belajar surface approach, sebesar 40% taruna menyatakan mata kuliah tersebut penting dan 60% menyatakan bahwa tugas yang diberikan merupakan beban dan hanya belajar denganberfokus pada sub pokok bahasan yang dianggap penting saja. Kesimpulan dengan metode pembelajaran ini, maka hasil pembelajaran taruna semakin meningkat.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Prospek Pemasaran pada Wirausahawan Fried Chicken di Kota Kendari
Authors: Munadi Laode Muh , Nuraini Nuraini , Munadi La Ode Muh , Lumanto Githaria
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The best known broiler chicken meat product in urban communities is Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). Seeing the business opportunity, entrepreneurs in Kendari City tried to make fried chicken similar to KFC products by labeling Kendari Fried Chicken (Kendari-FC) at a relatively affordable price of Rp 8.000 per piece compared to the KFC price of Rp 15.000 per piece. This study aims to analyze the marketing prospects of Kendari-FC entrepreneurs in Kendari City. The location of the research was determined purposively with the respondents of the study being kendari-FC entrepreneurs in kendari city who were determined by census. The results showed that the income of Kendari-FC entrepreneurs in Kendari City averaged Rp 5.066.458 per month or Rp 168.882 per day with an average income of Rp 36.276 per head. Kendari-FC's marketing prospects have the potential to be developed especially in West Kendari District because the average revenue from sales of each tail is Rp 48.105.40 per head.

Keywords: Income; Kendari-FC; Marketing

 

Abstrak

Produk hasil olahan daging ayam broiler yang paling dikenal masyarakat perkotaan adalah Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). Melihat peluang bisnis tersebut wirausahawan di Kota Kendari berupaya membuat ayam goreng yang mirip produk KFC dengan memberi label Kendari Fried Chicken (Kendari-FC) dengan harga relatif terjangkau yaitu Rp 8.000 per potong dibandingkan harga KFC Rp 15.000 per potong. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis prospek pemasaran wirausaha Kendari-FC  di Kota Kendari. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposif dengan responden penelitian adalah wirausahawan Kendari-FC di Kota Kendari yang ditentukan secara sensus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pendapatan wirausahawan Kendari-FC di Kota Kendari rata-rata Rp 5.066.458 per bulan atau Rp 168.882 per hari dengan pendapatan rata-rata Rp 36.276 per ekor. Prospek pemasaran Kendari-FC berpotensi dikembangkan terutama di Kecamatan Kendari Barat karena rata-rata pendapatan dari hasil penjualan setiap ekor sebesar Rp 48.105.40.

Kata kunci: Kendari-FC; Pemasaran; Pendapatan
L’ Imaginaire naturel de Miguel Delibes : Une vision non moderne
Authors: GAMEZ PEREZ Carlos
Published: January 2022

Cet article montre que l'imaginaire narratif autour de l'environnement naturel que Miguel Delibes (1920-2010) chérit combine un regard « non moderne », dans le sens que Bruno Latour donne au terme, avec des éléments prémodernes associés au catholicisme fervent de l'écrivain castillan. On comprend ainsi le caractère pleinement actuel des perspectives de Delibes autour de la nature.
Living Wages and the Welfare State
Authors: Wilson Shaun
Published: January 2022

Addressing the rapidly shifting politics of the minimum wage in six English-speaking countries, Shaun Wilson analyses minimum wage policies within a political-economy narrative. Topical and poignant, this book identifies the success of living wage campaigns as central to both welfare state change and alternatives to the Basic Income.
Work, Money and Duality
Authors: Bowen Raven
Published: January 2022

This valuable exploration of work duality calls for recognition of the experiences of sex workers, addressing race, culture and sex work in the UK against the backdrop of Brexit. Based on extensive empirical work, it illustrates accounts of individuals who take extraordinary risks to hold jobs in both sex industries and non-sex work employment.
The Unequal Pandemic
Authors: Bambra Clare , Lynch Julia , Smith Katherine E.
Published: January 2022

This accessible, yet authoritative book shows how the pandemic is a syndemic of disease and inequality. Drawing on international data and accounts, it argues that these inequalities are a political choice and we need to learn quickly to prevent growing inequality and to reduce health inequalities in the future.
Engaging Comparative Urbanism
Authors: Ren Julie
Published: January 2022

Julie Ren examines the making of art spaces in Beijing and Berlin to engage with comparative urbanism as a framework for doing research. Across vastly different contexts where universal theories of modernity or development seem increasingly misplaced, the concept of aspiration provides an alternative lens to understand the nature of urban change.
A Criminology of Narrative Fiction
Authors: McGregor Rafe
Published: January 2022

Drawing on complex narratives across film, TV, novels and graphic novels, this authoritative critical analysis demonstrates the value of fictional narratives as a tool for understanding, explaining and reducing crime and social harm. McGregor establishes an original theory of the criminological value of fiction.
The Ironic State
Authors: Brassett James
Published: January 2022

In this book, James Brassett builds on his prize-winning research to demonstrate how British comedy can provide intimate and vital understandings of the everyday politics of globalization in Britain.
Temporality in Mobile Lives
Authors: Robertson Shanthi
Published: January 2022

This innovative study of young Asian migrants' lives in Australia sheds new light on the complex relationship between migration and time. With in-depth interviews and a new conceptual framework, Robertson reveals how migration influences the trajectories of migrants' lives, from career pathways to intimate relationships.
The Gilets Jaunes and the New Social Contract
Authors: Devellennes Charles
Published: January 2022

This book provides a lively account of the gilets jaunes, the yellow vest movement that has shaken France since 2018. Charles Devellennes assesses what lessons can be drawn from their activities and the impact for the contemporary relationship between state and citizen.
Cyberflashing
Authors: McGlynn Clare , Johnson Kelly
Published: January 2022

Cyberflashing has been on the rise since the Covid-19 pandemic. This book provides new analysis into the harms of cyberflashing. This timely and unique study considers recent laws in several countries and sets out proposals to criminalise cyberflashing in English law.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA DAN IKLAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PEMBELIAN PADA PT. ASKOTAMA INTI NUSANTARA
Authors: Saragaih Bambang Ermansyah
Published: January 2022

The  development  of  the  business  world  in  Indonesia  iscurrently  growing  rapidly,  considering  that  it  has entered  the  era  of  globalization  so  that  the  business  world  isrequired to develop rapidly. Consumers prioritize product quality, affordable prices and the company's advertisementsare not excessive. Creating purchase satisfaction is a challenge for entrepreneurs because a buyer is now increasinglycritical in choosing the type of product and must match his expectations. The purpose of this study is to determine:Analysis  of  the  Effect  of  Product  Quality, Price  and  Advertising  on  Purchase  Satisfaction  at  PT.  Askotama  IntiNusantara.“The sampling technique used in this study the author uses the Random Sampling technique (Randomlyon All  Consumers) where  each member of the  population has the  same opportunity  to be  selected as  the overallsample, but the sample in this study is the  entire population that is sampled .“The results obtained that partially andsimultaneously there is a positive and significant influence between Product Quality, Price, Advertising on Purchase Satisfaction.
Where can a person be ”Home” arrested?
Authors: Stanciu Mihai-Alexandru
Published: January 2022

The provisions of criminal proceedings do not clearly define what is meant by ”domicile” when they provide for the possibility of a defendant being arrested at home during criminal proceedings. The lack of such a definition can have major practical implications, especially when the defendant is not the owner of the building where his arrest is ordered, and his owner does not agree with the measure, which can pose the problem of being restricted by a state action, the property right of the person, as his fundamental and constitutional right.
Tranexaminezuur in de gynaecologische en senologische heelkunde: een literatuuroverzicht
Authors: Wytsman J. , Traen K. , Froyman W. , Despierre E.
Published: January 2022

Tranexamic acid in gynecological and breast surgery: a literature review

In gynecological and breast surgery, intra- or postoperative blood loss can cause many complications. A large number of interventions have already been described in literature to limit intraoperative blood loss. Tranexamic acid significantly reduces the amount of vaginal blood loss in women with menorrhagia and is also recommended as a treatment for postpartum hemorrhage. Tranexamic acid has been shown to be safe and efficient in limiting blood loss in many other surgical disciplines.

In this literature review, the different applications of the use of tranexamic acid in gynecological and breast surgery are explained. The conclusion is that tranexamic acid can be a safe additional treatment that can reduce the total blood loss and the risk of postoperative complications and blood transfusion in various types of gynecological and breast surgery.
INFLUENCE OF INFLATION ON BOND PRICES: A SURVEY OF BONDS LISTED AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES
Authors: Ngaruiya Margaret , Njuguna Dr. Amos
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of inflation on bond price.Methodology: The research used an explanatory research design. 65 bonds listed in 23 categories at the NSE. The study used secondary data collected from NSE and the (KNBS) Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. A sample of 10 bonds was selected as these bonds were issued in the January 2008 and were still not mature by the 31st December 2012. Standard deviations were calculated for all the variables in the study.  Further statistical analysis was carried out by use of correlation and regression analysis where bond prices were regressed against inflation, exchange rates and economic growth measured using the Kenya’s Gross Domestic Product growth.  The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 was used to conduct the analysis. The findings were presented in form of tables and figures.Results: The study found out that inflation had negative and significant relationship on the bond prices.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study recommends that investors who are looking to buy into bonds should factor in inflation as this determines the bond prices.  Since inflation has a negative impact on bond prices, the government policy making organ mandated with the control of inflation should pursue measures to reduce the inflation rate. These measures should include monetary policies such as reduce the interest rates, open market operations geared at reducing the amount of money supply in the economy. The government may also pursue contractionary fiscal policy aimed at reducing inflation. These polices would include reducing government spending.
EFFECT OF CREDIT AND EDUCATION ON PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN KENYA
Authors: Musavi Valentine Lynda , Maingi Dr. James
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of credit and owner/manager educational qualification on performance of micro and small enterprises in Kenya and their joint effect using the 2016 MSMEs survey data.Methodology: This is cross-sectional data collected from a population of 50,043 enterprises. A sample of 384 enterprises was used in the analysis as obtained using Fisher’s (2003) formula for computing sample size from a large population. Inferential statistics was used to interrogate the relationship between the variables.Results: Regression results indicated that both access to credit services and educational qualification had a positive and significant effect on performance of the sampled enterprises. Further analysis indicated that the joint effect of the two variables was greater than their individual effect.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Recommendations of this study are that the central Bank of Kenya should focus more on lending and credit facilitation programs in order to encourage greater bank-led financing to the sector to help bridge the unmet demand for credit and that micro and small enterprises should be encouraged to establish good credit history with various lending institutions to enable them access credit facilities from financial institutions. In addition, owners/managers of the enterprises should be provided with training on managerial and technical skills to complement their educational qualifications in running the enterprises.
A STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF INDIA'S GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT FOR 2014-2019
Authors: Khan Mohammed Aslam
Published: January 2022

Background: The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy. It reflects the total market value of all finished products and services produced over a specific period within a country. GDP is presented as a comparison to the previous quarter or year and is considered the benchmark for the economy's size. India is emerging as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world and is expected to rank among the top three economic powers of the world over the next 15-20 years, supported by its stable democracy, population growth, and partnerships.Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to study the dynamics of the Indian economy's GDP growth for the period of 2014 to 2019. The present study tried to understand the trend, contribution, and structure of the various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services in India's GDP growth.Methodology: The research methodology used in this paper was quantitative since this method can be used to analyze nearly infinite numbers of phenomena. The study used secondary data for the period 2014 to 2019. Data was collected from the Economic Survey of India and Reserve bank of India bulletins. Descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques were employed.Findings: The study of GDP growth between 2014-2019 and sectoral level analysis shows interesting facts that India will reach a $5 Trillion GDP mark by 2024-25 at current prices.Unique contribution to theory, practice, and policy: This paper intended to make policy recommendations that can help India's long-term sustainable growth. The study recommended strategies such as increasing public finance in the agricultural sector and strengthening the integrated public transport projects to the government to maintain stable economic growth to achieve a $5 Trillion economy. This paper will increase the economic researcher's awareness and position it in the library of an institution of higher education