bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistema informático para el control de asistencia - registro académico en un ambiente web
Authors: Veloz Segura Verónica Teresa , Veloz Segura Elizabeth Alexandra
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación desarrollada en la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar en el Departamento de Posgrado se realizó un estudio de las necesidades de llevar un correcto control de asistencia de estudiantes - docentes y los registros académicos, en el transcurso de la investigación se identificó que la información se lleva de manera manual lo cual genera dificultades como perdida de documentos, manipulación de información, lo que genera desconfianza, retrasos en la generación de reportes, y consumo excesivo de materiales; la tecnología se ha convertido en una valiosa herramienta de apoyo y como alternativa de solución se propuso un sistema informático que permita la migración de los procesos manuales a un sistema automatizado en línea - sistema web responsive, utilizando herramientas Open Source como Gestor de Base de Datos MySql, Lenguaje de Programación PHP, Framework Netbeans 11.0, JavaScript y herramientas adicionales; el mismo que solucionará el problema de administración de datos y acceso a la información, la implementación de la aplicación web que tiene como finalidad automatizar los procesos que ayuden a garantizar la seguridad como en rapidez, que agilice el proceso de control de tal manera que sea confiable, seguro y eficiente.
Product Comparison between Local Product and Technology Aided Mambong Pottery
Authors: Ahmad K. , Mohamed J. J.
Published: August 2021

There are various traditional Malay potteries such as Labu Sayong, Buyung and Terenang. Kelantan traditional pottery known as Mambong. The objectives of this research are to compare and characterize the density, strength, physical appearance and shrinkage of traditional and slip casted Mambong pottery. Traditional Mambong pottery has been brought from the potter at Mambnog village and slip casted Mambong pottery is made by using slip casting method. Density of sample is measured by using Archimedes principal. Traditional Mambong pottery show the higher value of density compared to slip casting Mambong pottery. The average value of density for traditional Mambong pottery was 1.763 g/cm3, while the average value of density for Mambong pottery that was fabricated via slip casting was 1.461 g/cm3. Due to the presence of iron in clay, the colour of Mambong pottery changes from brown to reddish-brown after firing process. Traditional Mambong pottery shows the higher percentage of dry shrinkage which was 9.76 % compared to slip casting Mambong pottery which was 5.72 %. Traditional Mambong pottery also shows the higher percentage of fired shrinkage which was 1 % compared to slip casting Mambong pottery which was 0.58 %. In conclusion, by using slip casting technique, density, physical appearance and shrinkage of pottery can be improved.
A Sight of Zinc Corrosion in Various Alkaline Media
Authors: Ismail W.M.I.W. , Zulkefeli N.S.W. , Masri M. N.
Published: August 2021

This review concentrates on corrosion properties that expose to zinc by various alkaline media. The assumption has been advanced that zinc corrodes electrochemically in the first stage of exposition, but the chemical corrosion prevails after a longer time. Different types of electrolyte had been tested on zinc such as sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Each of alkaline media can produced corrosion product such as zinc hydroxide chloride, zinc hydroxide carbonate, zinc oxide, and zinc hydroxide. The production of corrosion products is depending on the carbon dioxide content that introduced to the air. Potassium hydroxide is the highest and active alkaline where it contains the highest ionic conductivity potassium ions, K+ after hydronium, H3O+ among the cations and hydroxide, OH ? has the highest ionic conductivity among the anions.
Landslide Assessment Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Technique in Sentong, Lojing, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Kah Min Chong , Achmad Bahar Arham Muchtar , Udin Wani Sofia
Published: August 2021

The study area is a part of Lojing and it is lies between latitude 4° 45’ 30” N – 4° 49’ 0” N and longitude 101° 45’ 30” E – 101° 48’ 30”E. This study was focused on assessing of vulnerable locations of landslide based on satellite imageries of different years (2006, 2014 and 2015) which selected for visual interpretation and vegetation indices (VIs). As a result, there were 18 locations of landslide determined which landslide had occurred. With the aid of historical satellite imagery and the obtained quantitative data, the areas for landslide occurred were detected. Besides, the approach of remote sensing technique in landslide assessment was defined in terms of the early precautions for landslides, thus, the lost from landsides can be reduced. Furthermore, the condition of existing landslide areas was monitored by referring to the satellite imagery. This study can helpful to develop the inhabitant of the area and as well as to improve the poverty eradication.
Congenital Spigelian hernia in a neonate associated with several anomalies: A case report
Authors: Sinacer Samira , Semari Bilal Zakaria , Khemari Soumia , Kharchi Ahlem , Haif Assia , Soualili Zineddine
Published: August 2021

Background: Spigelian hernia (SH) is a rare entity characterized by a defect of the anterior abdominal wall located along the Spigelian line, it may be congenital or acquired.Association with other anomalies is worth reporting.
Case Presentation: A 22-day-old male newborn was admitted with strangulated right inguinal hernia and operated on emergently. Clinical examination also revealed a Spigelian hernia in the left lower abdominal quadrant with bilateral cryptorchidism, associated with polydactyly of the small right finger and anal stenosis. At surgery, the SH contained a part of the small intestine and the ipsilateral undescended testis.
Conclusion: Pediatric SH is rare, but its association with undescended ipsilateral testis is frequent. Other abnormalities can be concomitant to this association.
Tomber malade
Authors: Wykretowicz Hubert
Published: August 2021

Le propos de cet article est de revenir sur un présupposé « écologique » assez évident de la clinique médicale, mais qu’on tend à ne plus prendre au sérieux lorsqu’on se laisse obnubiler par les capacités d’objectivation des sciences et surtout les projets philosophiques de naturalisation qui s’en réclament. Réactivant notamment l’héritage de Georges Canguilhem et de la phénoménologie clinique, nous rappelons la profonde ambiguïté sémantique des concepts de santé et de maladie, afin d’indiquer le champ légitime de leur application et de montrer qu’ils ne sont pas indépendants des rapports de pouvoir inhérents à toute existence sociale.
Neurothéologie
Authors: Besson Jacques
Published: August 2021

La neurothéologie est une nouvelle science interdisciplinaire émergente. Issue des progrès des neurosciences, elle s’intéresse au cerveau spirituel et religieux. Les travaux d’imagerie cérébrale et de neurobiologie sur lesquels elle s’appuie n’excluent en rien le dialogue avec les sciences humaines. Elle permet une distinction entre spiritualité et religion, la spiritualité apparaissant comme un besoin naturel et universel, alors que les religions sont vues comme une réponse culturelle à ce besoin naturel. Le dialogue entre la foi et la science se déploie alors sous un jour nouveau, loin des clivages habituels. La neurothéologie n’est pas plus religieuse qu’irréligieuse, elle ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour la modernité et la mondialisation. Le présent article part des prémisses acquises en addictologie, où une démarche interdisciplinaire a apporté des progrès sensibles dans le traitement des addictions. Les neurosciences de la spiritualité offrent ainsi une opportunité pour un débat entre médecine, philosophie et théologie.
Étude critique
Authors: Tétaz Jean-Marc
Published: August 2021

Cette étude critique présente et analyse la correspondance de Ernst Troeltsch durant la Première Guerre mondiale : Briefe IV (1915-1918), édité par Friedrich Wilhelm Graf avec la collaboration de Harald Haury (Kritische Gesamtausgabe, vol. 21), Berlin/Boston, W. de Gruyter, 2018.
PARQUES EÓLICOS, RED NATURA 2000 E IMPACTO AMBIENTAL. COMENTARIO A LA SENTENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL SUPERIOR DE JUSTICIA DEL PAÍS VASCO DE 18 DE FEBRERO DE 2011 (PROYECTO DE PARQUE EÓLICO DE ORDUNTE)
Authors: GARCIA URETA AGUSTIN , LAZCANO BROTONS IÑIGO
Published: August 2021

El comentario tiene que ver con una sentencia de 18 de febrero de
2011, en la que el Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco (TSJ) llegó a la conclusión
de que la declaración de impacto ambiental (DIA) desfavorable, que dictó
en su día la Administración autonómica en relación con la construcción de un parque
eólico en Ordunte, no era conforme a Derecho. Entre otras razones, el Tribunal
indicó que el Gobierno Vasco no había motivado de manera suficiente los impactos
críticos que, en su opinión, planteaba el proyecto en una zona de la red Natura
2000.

Iruzkinak 2011ko otsailaren 18ko epaiarekin zerikusia du. Honetan
Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Justizia Auzitegi Nagusiak, bere egunean euskal
Administrazioak Ordunten eraiki beharreko parke eolikoari buruz egindako ingurumenaren
gaineko eraginaren aurkako aitorpena Zuzenbidearekin bat ez zetorrela
ondorioztatu zuen. Erabilitako arrazoien artean, Auzitegiaren ustetan, Eusko Jaurlaritzak
ez zituen Natura 2000 sareko gune batean egin beharreko proiektuak planteatutako
eragin kritikoak modu egokian arrazoitu.

The comment concerns a judgment of the High Court of the
Basque Country of 18 February 2001 that held that the unfavorable environmental
declaration issued by the Basque Government regarding a wind farm was not
consistent with applicable laws. The Court held, inter alia, that the Government
had not provided sufficient reasons to sustain the assumption that the project embraced
critical environmental impacts on a Natura 2000 site.
Digital determination: can information technology become meaningful?
Authors: Leshkevich Tatiana Gennadievna
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the impact of digital determination and its effects. The author poses a problem - can digital technologies become meaningful? The main goal of the article is aimed at analyzing digital determination in the context of the prospects for its meaningfulness. The article shows the deformations caused by digital determination, offers a classification of subjects, taking into account the degree of involvement in computer interactions. The author identifies the specifics of instrumental and technological rationality, draws attention to the phenomenon of “digital shadow” and infomania. The methodological strategy is based on the method of interpretation and comparative analysis. The principles of objectivity and sociocultural determination, as well as activity and subject-oriented approaches are effective. Of particular importance is the procedure of conceptualization, obtained generalizations. The author attracts modern English-language literature to the study. The main conclusions include the substantiation of the need for a complete restructuring of relations with information technologies in order to subordinate them to human reflection and awareness.
School geography: problems of scientific and methodological support of the concept
Authors: Petrova Natalia Nikolaevna , Solodukhina Natalia Nikolaevna , Bazanov Alexander Sergeevich
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the problems of scientific and methodological support of the Concept of development of geographical education in the Russian Federation at school and ways to solve them in modern conditions. It is shown that both organizational and substantive issues are closely related to the position of the subject in the Standards and curricula of schools. A special place is given to the system of additional professional training for teacher training and retraining in the conditions of digitalization and distance learning.
Experiences in moving beyond traditional education
Authors: Khangeldieva Irina Georgievna
Published: August 2021

Khangeldieva The article is devoted to the problems of modern higher education, the current challenges of the digital revolution to leading university practices, its impact on the development of society and education in general. The author draws attention to three scenarios for the development of the future proposed by the Israeli researcher, J. Harrari (conservative, radical and superradical). The article presents the experience of the new alternative US university, which has no analogues in the world, is fully built on the basis of digital technology and conducts the educational process only in an online format. The university is positioned as one of the answers to the challenges to education by the digital revolution. The article analyzes the main features of the digital university-startup “Minerva”, reveals the reasons for its occurrence, the specifics of its development and functioning, determines both its positive 102 qualities and some problem areas, presents the logic of the educational process and educational technology, which the founders of the University of Minerva interpret as your own educational know how. An assumption is made about the multiplicity of options for future digital universities.
Release of Cadmium, Lead and Manganese from Unglazed Ceramic Food Containers to Pickled Mustard Greens Juice and Soy Sauce
Authors: Vu Thuy Nga  , Vu Thi Ngoc Minh
Published: August 2021

Leaching of toxic elements from containers to food can be a direct threat to human health, especially when they are used to hold highly corrosive foods over a long time. The concern of this study is the leaching of cadmium, lead and manganese from unglazed ceramic containers when holding two leachates, including pickled mustard greens juice and a soy sauce. The containers were randomly collected from four ceramic production facilities in Bat Trang - Hanoi, Nam Sach - Hai Duong, Tien Hai - Thai Binh and Thuan An - Binh Duong, where no standard was employed to control heavy metal contents in raw materials and products. The release of cadmium, lead and manganese from the containers to the leachates were analyzed at 24-hour intervals for six days for pickle juice and at two-month intervals for a year for soy sauce. The results showed that the concentrations of those elements increased non-linearly during the course of the study and increased more rapidly in the more acidic medium. The concentrations of cadmium, lead and manganese in the pickle juice (pH reduced from 4.1 to 2.9) after six days were 80.78, 140.10, and 150.11 ppb, and in the soy sauce (pH stable at 6.1) after twelve months were 11.32, 11.86 and 13.87 ppb, respectively. It suggests that further research on the long-term leaching of toxic elements from containers to highly acidic foods is needed to protect the health of consumers.
Chemoprotective action of natural products on cultured human epithelial cells exposed to aflatoxin B1
Authors:   , Reddy Lalini
Published: August 2021

Previous studies indicate that a mutation in the non-oncogenic p53 gene is epidemiologically linked to human HCC (Ozturk, 1991; Chan et al., 2003). Hsu et al. (1991) found this link in Chinese, South African and Asian patients and Hollstein et al. (1993) found the same gene mutation in Taiwanese patients. The incidence of these aberrations is reported to be about 20- 50% in HCC’s (Kishimoto et al., 1997). There is sufficient evidence to indicate that carotenoids in addition to their well known antioxidant properties (Paiva and Russel, 1999), also affect intercellular communication, immune responses, neoplastic transformations and growth control, and cellular levels of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens (Zhang et al., 1991; Brockman et al., 1992; Pryor et al., 2000). To date studies carried out have used the rat (Foote et al., 1970; Gradelet et al., 1998) and the mule duckling model (Cheng et al., 2001) to show the protective effect of these carotenoids against AFB1 exposure. Of the well known carotenoids, lycopene and beta- carotene occur in abundance in fruits and vegetables and are safe for human consumption. Aflatoxin B1 frequently induces mutations of the p53 gene which is linked to HCC. Although there is much evidence from epidemiological studies linking the beneficial aspects of carotenoids to the prevention of cancer, the cellular and molecular mechanisms need to be understood in order to implement large scale intervention strategies to prevent AFB1 induced carcinoma. The use of chemical or dietary interventions to alter the susceptibility of humans to the actions of carcinogens and to block, retard or reverse carcinogenesis is an emerging chemoprotective strategy for disease prevention (Abdulla and Gruber, 2000; Kensler et al., 2003; Bingham and Riboli, 2004). Chemoprotection by natural products involves maintaining cellular integrity, preventing DNA alterations, activation of p53 suppressor protein and apoptosis. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which beta-carotene and lycopene may prevent the AFB1-induced toxic changes in human hepatocytes. In order to achieve this aim, the following objectives were set out: i. To optimise an in vitro system for the evaluation of AFB1 damage to cultured hepatocytes. ii. To determine the biochemical protection offered by beta-carotene and lycopene to AFB1-exposed hepatocytes, by measuring the mitochondrial activity, cell viability and ROS levels using appropriate enzyme assays and flow cytometry. iii. To determine the cellular protection offered by beta-carotene and lycopene to AFB1-exposed hepatocytes, by studying the morphological changes at the structural and ultrastructural levels using phase contrast light and electron microscopy respectively. iv. To determine the molecular protection offered by beta-carotene and lycopene to AFB1-exposed hepatocytes, by detecting apoptotic bodies as genomic markers and measuring the levels of p53 protein and AFB1-N7-guanine adducts produced.
Improvement of thermostability of a fungal xylanase using error-prone polymerase chain reaction (EpPCR)
Authors:   , Pillay Sarveshni
Published: August 2021

Interest in xylanases from different microbial sources has increased markedly in the past decade, in part because of the application of these enzymes in a number of industries, the main area being the pulp and paper industry. While conventional methods will continue to be applied to enzyme production from micro-organisms, the application of recombinant DNA techniques is beginning to reveal important information on the molecular basis and this knowledge is now being applied both in the laboratory and commercially. In this study, a directed evolution strategy was used to select an enzyme variant with high thermostability. This study describes the use of error-prone PCR to modify the xylanase gene from Thermomyces lanuginosus DSM 5826, rendering it tolerant to temperatures in excess of 80°C. Mutagenesis comprised of different concentrations of nucleotides and manganese ions. The variants were generated in iterative steps and subsequent screening for the best mutant was evaluated using RBB-xylan agar plates. The optimum temperature for the activity of xylanases amongst all the enzyme variants was 72°C whilst the temperature optimum for the wild type enzyme was 70°C. Long term thermostability screening was therefore carried out at 80°C and 90°C. The screen yielded a variant which had a 38% improvement in thermostability compared to the wild type xylanase from pX3 (the unmutated gene). Successive rounds of error-prone PCR were carried out and in each round the progeny mutant displayed better thermostability than the parent. The most stable variant exhibited 71% residual activity after 90 minutes at 80˚C. Sequence analysis revealed four single amino acid residue changes that possibly enhanced their thermostabilities. This in vitro enzyme evolution technique therefore served as an effective tool in improving the thermostable property of this xylanase which is an important requirement in industry and has considerable potential for many industrial applications.
The analytical and experimental study on the establishment of a tidal power plant in South Africa
Authors:   , Mtukushe Namhla Faith
Published: August 2021

The majority of South Africa’s electricity is generated from fossil-fuel plants that use mainly coal. In these power plants, the combustion of these fossil fuels liberates greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere that contribute to climate change. This problem coupled with the rapid depletion of fossil fuels has necessitated the need to explore the alternative form of energy such as renewable energy. Tidal energy is a form of ocean energy that can be considered as an alternative energy resource or renewable energy source. This form of energy has not been explored in South Africa, the only country in the world that is bounded by two oceans; the Indian and the Atlantic. Tidal energy can be harnessed from the movements of tides to generate electrical power. This study considered the possibility of harnessing tidal energy as the alternative energy source for power generation which can be used to mitigate the challenges associated with the energy crisis currently being experienced in the country. For this study, an extensive literature review was carried out to understand the tidal phenomenon, the concept of energy conversion from tides, the different techniques or technologies that can be used to generated power from tides. There are two main technologies used for converting tidal energy to electrical energy and these are the tidal barrage and the tidal streams. Based on the inferences drawn from the literature reviews concerning the tides experienced around the South Africa coastal region, it was identified that the tidal stream technique is applicable. Harmonic analysis of the tidal resource for four identified sites was conducted, from these analyses, Esikhawini was selected as an optimum site. Tidal streams extract the kinetic energy of tides and the mode of operation of tidal stream plants is determined by the type of tidal turbine employed. Several turbine designs were reviewed, a helical cross-flow turbine was selected due to its self-starting capability and its ability to operate in reverse stream flows. For this helical turbine, an analytical model using the blade element momentum theory (BEMT) was developed and was implemented on MATLAB environment. For the experimentation, a prototype was developed and tested in a laboratory concrete flume in the department of Civil Engineering at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Based on the experimental results, an analysis of the unit turbine was done which was used to propose a conceptualized tidal power plant. Hence, the proposed tidal power plant was used to justify the reason for embarking on this study which is to ascertain the possibility of establishing a tidal power plant in South Africa.
Legal Aspects of Forensic Engineering Practice
Authors: Lunch Milton F.
Published: August 2021

The development of the National Academy of Forensic Engineering as a new organization is an indication of forensic engineering as a recognized and important branch of engineering practice. Its growth in recent years is the logical result of the tremendous increase in litigation involving the assignment of fault in injury and property cases. This is not a new concern for engineers in private practice; for years they have been exposed to the litigation explosion, in cases involving damage to physical facilities they designed, or in which they were involved during the construction process, including more and more of the headline cases in which construction workmen are injured or killed during the construction process. Likewise, the tremendous increase in product liability cases, with million dollar awards not uncommon, have naturally led to the increased need for engineering expertise to determine what happened, why it happened, and who was at fault.
Forensic Engineering for First Defenders
Authors: Woodson Robert A.
Published: August 2021

Those of us who have been practicing Forensic Engineering for years and years have learned that it is not enough to have ascertained the pertinent facts of a case and to have prepared appropriate Exhibits to present in support of those facts. The Forensic Engineer must have demonstrated credible expertise in pertinent technical areas in order for the Judge or Jury to accept his opinion as authoritative and trustworthy. Moreover, the Forensic Engineer must convince not only the impartial adjudicator, but also the Attorney for the opposition that his statements of fact and his conclusions are beyond successful contradiction.
The Subpoena: What Does It Really Mean?
Authors: Hohns H. Murray
Published: August 2021

veryone who has done a fair amount of forensic work has learned that the ominous subpoena demand to be at a certain place, at definite time, for the giving of testimony as stated in the subpoena is not to be really feared. The demands readily can be rescheduled to suit the needs of those involved in the deposition. Forensic engineers expect to get paid for the deposition and the preparation time. Some jurisdictions provide that the party taking the deposition must pay the expert in advance for the deposition time. In that case, I graciously request and require that payment before 1 start the deposition or I simply get up and leave. The lawyers wrote the rules, thus, they can live by them. There are some variations in deposition procedures from state to state and the experienced engineer should always ask the lawyer client about the rules. Never be ashamed to ask a lawyer what you may feel is a foolish question. Lawyers ask foolish questions all day long in front of their peers a
The Benefit of Negative Opinion
Authors: Specter Marvin M.
Published: August 2021

As some of you have heard me say in the forensic seminars sponsored by the NSPE Continuing Education Division, there are a lot of days when I feel the best thing that I could do for clients is to tell them what a weak case they have, tell them about the problems they have with the case, and perhaps tell them that for all practical purposes they have no case at all. Of course, this hurts, but it does enable astute clients to negotiate and to come to some settlement before they go too far down the path of the judicial process. As the process of adjudication proceeds, with discovery and revelation, and depositions and discussions in the judges chamber and the presentation of testimony in court, it narrows the focus of the information upon which the decision making is ultimately done by the jurist(s), be it a judge or a lay jury. If the client attorneys go very far down that process of adjudication with a weak case they may have to settle on disadvantageous terms or incur the risk
Look Out for Mr. Fitzall
Authors: Pritzker Paul E.
Published: August 2021

Heretofore, one of the most denigrating terms used to disparage an expert witness was the term professional witness. The term has a connotation of a hired gun, a term in itself that does little to convey the essence of professional conduct. These terms notwithstanding, a more recent phrase has come to our attention that is even more pejorative. The term is Mr. Fitzall. ... Beware of the term professional witness. Beware of the term hired gun. Beware of the term Mr. Fitzall but dont let that awareness intimidate you. Professional forensic engineers have convictions on issues. They have a responsibility to be articulate and convey their convictions as to the merits of the concepts and conclusions which they have deduced. However, there is one final caveat. Do not overreach your capability. If you accept an assignment without a strong conviction of having adequate knowledge and skill you may be enticed to cross the line. As forensic engineers we naturally have great r
Pierce the Myth Veil To Expose Facts
Authors: Yu A. Tobey
Published: August 2021

In our legal system, verdicts are based on the judgments of the judge and/or the jury. Their judgment in turn is derived from facts surrounding the case in question. Unfortunately, facts are not always clear and obvious. Recent rapid advances in technology have made life even more complex and difficult for lay people, including the judges and jurors. As a consequence, facts and significant issues are frequently shrouded in dense fog and masked by a veil of myth. This paper will examine the kinds of myth veils, their sources and the various ways one might lift, debunk or pierce them in order to unmask or expose the core of truth. The attorney is one who knows the law but the forensic engineer must bear the burden of providing the know-how and methodology to expeditiously and efficiently penetrate the fog. The process can be likened to the search for manganese in a Brazilian jungle. A local guide with a machete knows his trail but he too must rely on the expertise and skill of the
The G. Analyst Accelerometer as a Forensic Engineering Accident Investigation Device
Authors: Hendry Ronald E.
Published: August 2021

This discussion concerns an interesting new electronic accelerometer and its potential for use in vehicular accident reconstruction. This state of the art device is called a g.analyst. It simultaneously measures the installed vehicles longitude and lateral accelerations in the plane of the road for up to 2.54 gs of acceleration . The g-analyst with recommended accessory components is commercially available for less than $500.00. The g.analyst is manufactured by Valentine Research, Inc. of Cincinnati, Ohio. The founder of Valentine Research is Michael D. Valentine, an Electrical Engineer. Mr. Valentine was formerly a principal with Cincinnati Microwave. Reportedly, that company produced a very successful vehicle radar detector. The g-analyst was developed because Mr. Valentine wanted something to measure a cars performance limits and could find nothing satisfactory on the market. The g.analyst was developed with both the casual and serious user in mind. As such it can be succe
The Forensic Engineering in an Earthquake Scenario What We Can Expect When The Big One Hits
Authors: Garrett Robert E.
Published: August 2021

Many of you may not feel concerned regarding earthquake damage, and what may occur when the expected large earthquake of the magnitude which hit San Francisco in 1906 reoccurs. The experts tell us it is not a question of if, but when. And the when could be in the next decade or two. That is not just a California problem. Be aware that there are 39 states in the United States which may be subject to substantial earthquake damage. The largest earthquake ever in the United States was along the New Madrid fault in southeast Missouri. That occurred about 1812, and was estimated to be 8.3 to 8.7 on the Richter scale. Of course, there were no scales then, or many people there at the time. It did, however, rearrange the Mississippi River. If such an earthquake hit at this point today, Memphis and St. Louis would be leveled. There is also another known fault near Charleston, South Carolina. Boston has been hit by earthquakes. The upper tier of states near the St. Lawrence River is
Analysis of Slipping on Wet Surfaces
Authors: Hickman Roy S.
Published: August 2021

Slips and falls are common in areas of pedestrian traffic. When the surface of the pathway is dry, standard methods exist to determine the coefficient of friction of the surface for contact with a standard material (Ref 1) or with the material of the actual shoe worn by the person who has slipped. Then the conditions of the slip may be analyzed. (Ref. 2) These same tests can be made when the surface is damp but do not apply when the surface is wet.
Level of Confidence and the Forensic Engineer
Authors: Bratten Thomas A.
Published: August 2021

It is often not without great difficulty that the skilled engineer steps from the drawing board or desk and onto the witness stand. The problems are many, and only a few engineers ever become wholly comfortable with the process. It can be a fearful experience. To start with, it is a foreign arena to the engineer. And it is fraught with unknowns. Fear need have no more genesis than that. But there are more reasons. The arena is the setting for advocacy, argument and confrontation. The legal system is designed to test the truth and its limitations fully in this fashion. And, all too often for the forensic engineer, reliable factual information is either largely unavailable or obscured by dispute among the other witnesses in the case. Lawyers have been preparing instruction lists and tips for witnesses for decades. There are some specifically designed for expert witnesses. And most every attorney can tell you what it takes to be a great expert witness- at least his or her version t
Emergency Braking Response
Authors: Draper Stephen E.
Published: August 2021

This paper discusses the theory of emergency braking as it applies to the 1986 Skid Test conducted by the Georgia Public Safety Training Center. In this paper, the mathematical equation for emergency braking is developed in terms of the drag forces which bring a vehicle to rest. This equation is reduced to its statistically significant elements. The coefficients of drag developed in the Skid Test are presented. The difference between the coefficients of drag for a passenger automobile and a tractor-trailer is then discussed in terms of the difference in weight distribution on the individual axles of the vehicles.
Court Cases Show that Storage Battery Explosions are BLEVEs, Part I
Authors: Dixon Harry S.
Published: August 2021

A fourth case confirms that the explosions are BLEVEs (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions) rather than hydrogen explosions. There are approximately 15,300 explosions annually in the U.S. with attendant spouting acid electrolyte or flying solid parts that cause injuries. It is recommended that temperature sensitive fuses or a circuit breaker be incorporated in the battery to prevent these BLEVE accidents.
Rancang Bangun Alat Penanganan Dan Pengendalian Kebakaran Berbasis Arduino Nano Dengan Si stem IoT
Authors: Laksmana Bisma
Published: August 2021

This will be very useful for residents of the house to prevent what can cause a fire incident. In the main research, system design will make a fire detector and smoke and gas detector, using 3 Flame Sensors and 3 MQ-2 Sensors. This design concept will be installed in each room which consists of 3 rooms. The microcontroller used in this design system is an Arduino Nano microcontroller which functions as part of the Flame Sensor controller, MQ-2 Sensor, WeMos D1 Mini, Relay, and Buzzer. Furthermore, the system output uses a Flame Sensor which is already in a HIGH state so that it can activate automatic shutdown, and the tool can submit a notification to the occupants of the house via an android application called Blynk and an alarm sounds. If the implementation of the MQ-2 Sensor is in a HIGH state, the system will provide warning instructions in the form of a notification from the android and an alarm will sound for the occupants of the house. So that the residents of the house will be prepared to take action to extinguish the fire in the house.

Keywords :  Fire, Flame Sensor, MQ-2 Sensor
Utilization Of Clover Plants For Economic Improvement Of Investa Dana Dollar Mandiri In Setro Village
Authors: Dewi Nuraini  , Evianah  , Hendra Prasetya
Published: August 2021

Community Service in Setro Village aims to provide assistance and training on the use of clover plants in this advanced pandemic era. The implementation method is carried out by providing training and assistance in the practice of making various preparations with clover raw materials such as making peanut brittle, cilok and clover nuggets. Where the participants presented are PKK cadres and village officials who are expected to be able to share their knowledge with other communities so that they can also be used for entrepreneurship in order to be able to help improve the family economy in difficult times like today.
Pelatihan Pemasaran Produk Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) Berbasis Digital Di Kecamatan Citeureup
Authors: Wasan Guruh Herman , Anita Sariningsih
Published: August 2021

Inovasi teknologi dalam pemasaran dengan memanfaatkan internet berupa digital marketing atau internet marketing merupakan paradigma yang harus dipahami dalam bisnis saat ini khususnya sektor UMKM. Sektor UMKM berkontribusi terhadap PDRB Kabupaten Bogor mencapai 28,45 persen pada tahun 2018. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa pelatihan pemasaran produk UMKM berbasis digital bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan media pemasaran pada UMKM dan meningkatkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan penggunaan teknologi digital bagi para pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Citeureup. Metode yang digunakan yaitu observasi, interview, kuisioner, pelatihan dan evaluasi kegiatan pelatihan. Hasil observasi, interview, dan kuisioner diketahui masih kurangnya literasi terhadap teknologi digital dalam pemasaran produk karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam penggunaan teknologi digital (social media/ marketplace). Hasil kegiatan pelatihan dan evaluasi kegiatan pelatihan diketahui meningkatkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan pelaku UMKM dalam memanfaatkan teknologi digital (social media/ marketplace) sebagai sarana pemasaran produk untuk meningkatkan penyerapan hasil UMKM. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini sangat bermanfaat bagi pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Citeureup untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk UMKM.
THE IMPACTS OF CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES ON PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN FATA
Authors: Iqbal Yasmeen , Aslam Soniha , Ashfaq Muhammad
Published: August 2021

The study was aimed to analyze the relationship of co-curricular activities with students’ physical and mental health of Male Secondary School students of FATA. A sample size of 200 respondents was selected on the basis of random sampling technique. A questionnaire of five points Likert Scale after seeking due permission from Principals and Head Masters was used to reach to the in-depth of the phenomena. Statistical techniques Mean, Percentage and Standard Deviation were run to analyze the collected data. The researcher analyzed the relationship between co-curricular involvement and its positive impacts on students’ health performances. Finally it was determined that co-curricular activities have a long-lasting connection with physical and mental health of secondary schools students.
The Relationship of Sports and Physical Activity to the Academic Achievement- A Case of Hearing-Impaired Children
Authors: Ahmed Aqsa Shamim , Sadeea Hafiza , Mahmood ul Hassan Saadia
Published: August 2021

Sports and physical activity is not only important for normal children but it is equally essential for the children with physical disabilities.   Effective sports participation of children with hearing deficits has physical, mental, intellectual as well as societal benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of sports participation on academic achievement of hearing impaired children. For this purpose, a total of  children were selected, divided into  groups on the basis of comparative experimental design.  Half of the sample  was assigned to control group including those students who did not participate in sports whereas, other half  was assigned to experimental group including those children who participated in sports activity including Badminton, Football and Volleyball. After pretest and post test data was collected with the help of Sports Participation Scale and Academic Performance rating scale. The overall reliability of the scale was found to be. Results indicated that there was a significant positive impact of sports participation on the academic achievement from  to   with betterment level of .  According to these results we can conclude that sports participation creates a positive impact on academic achievement of Hearing-impaired students.
Psychological Effects of Caffeine on Players Performance
Authors: Gill Sajjad Ali , Shahbaz Komal , Nazeer Dr. Muhammad Tahir
Published: August 2021

The present study conducted to check the effects of caffeine on players performance through survey research. A caffeine-based 20 Statements (questionnaire) filed to the players, who were regular consumers of caffeine. 20 statements mentioned related to the positive effects of caffeine. Most of the players, who addicted to take caffeine on regularly basis approved all statements which showed that caffeine could affect the athlete's performance. The majority athletes agreed that caffeine enhanced their concentration, alertness and attention level. The primary effect of caffeine on vigilance granted by most of the players. Caffeine can enhance the working capacity of players by increasing their vigilances. Results show that caffeine helped them to train longer and harder which showed its benefits between male and female athletes, especially in off-season training periodization.
Socio-cultural Determinants of Students’ Participation in Sport; Implications for the Development of University Sport in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
Authors: Khan Dr. Waseem , Arif Dr. Tasleem , Nasir Sardar Sohail
Published: August 2021

This research was carried out to explore the socio-cultural determinants of students’ sports participation at university level of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. This cross-sectional survey research study was conducted on 264 students of both Public and Private sector universities through stratified random probability sampling. After exclusion of unusable questionnaires, 256 correctly filled questionnaires were used in the data analysis. A valid and reliable self-administered structured questionnaire encompassing all the aspects of the study was used for collecting required data. The questionnaire consisted of two parts; a) personal information b) questions about social-cultural determinants of students’ sport participation. A computer software of SPSS, version 24 was used to analyze the collected data. Results indicated a moderate negative correlation between socio-cultural determinants and students’ sports participation (P=0.03, r=-0.57). Also, the students’ sports participation was negatively predicted by socio-cultural determinants (p < .05). In addition, female student-athletes reported higher mean score compared with male student-athletes on socio-cultural determinants of students’ sports participation (p < .05). Given the negative relationship between socio-cultural determinants and students’ sports participation, it is necessary to create awareness among parents, teachers and eminent scholars regarding the benefits of sports participation. This can be done with the help of local seminars and public speaking in different parts of the province.
Hyperfine-Resolution Mapping of On-Road Vehicle Emissions with Comprehensive Traffic Monitoring and Intelligent Transportation System
Authors: Jiang Linhui , Xia Yan , Wang Lu , Chen Xue , Ye Jianjie , Hou Tangyan , Wang Liqiang , Zhang Yibo , Li Mengying , Li Zhen , Song Zhe , Jiang Yaping , Liu Weiping , Li Pengfei , Rosenfeld Daniel , Seinfeld John H. , Yu Shaocai
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Urban on-road vehicle emissions affect air quality and human health locally and globally. Such emissions typically exhibit distinct spatial heterogeneity, varying sharply over short distances (10 m ~ 1 km). However, all-around observational constraints on the emission sources are limited in much of the world. Consequently, traditional emission inventories lack the spatial resolution that can characterize on-road vehicle emission hotspots. Here we establish a bottom-up approach to reveal a unique pattern of urban on-road vehicle emissions at 1 ~ 3 orders of magnitude higher spatial resolution than current inventories. We interconnect all-around traffic monitoring (including traffic fluxes, vehicle-specific categories, and speeds) via an intelligent transportation system (ITS) over the Xiaoshan District in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. This enables us to calculate single-vehicle-specific emissions over each fine-scale (10 m ~ 1 km) road segment. Thus, a hyperfine emission dataset is achieved, and on-road emission hotspots appear. The resulting map shows that the hourly average on-road vehicle emissions of CO, NOx, HC, and PM2.5 are 74.01 kg, 40.35 kg, 8.13 kg, and 1.68 kg, respectively. More importantly, widespread and persistent emission hotspots emerge, of significantly sharp small-scale variability, up to 8 ~ 15 times, attributable to distinct traffic fluxes, road conditions, and vehicle categories. On this basis, we investigate the effectiveness of routine traffic control strategies on the on-road vehicle emission mitigation. Our results have important implications for how the strategies should be designed and optimized. Integrating our traffic-monitoring-based approach with urban air quality measurements, we could address major data gaps between urban air pollutant emissions and concentrations.
Boundary layer water vapour statistics from high-spatial-resolution spaceborne imaging spectroscopy
Authors: Richardson Mark T. , Thompson David R. , Kurowski Marcin J. , Lebsock Matthew D.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Daytime clear-sky total column water vapour (TCWV) is
commonly retrieved from visible and shortwave infrared reflectance (VSWIR)
measurements, and modern missions such as the upcoming Earth Surface Mineral
Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) offer unprecedented horizontal resolution
of order 30–80 m. We provide evidence that for convective planetary
boundary layers (PBLs), spatial variability in TCWV corresponds to
variability in PBL water vapour. Using an observing system simulation
experiment (OSSE) applied to large eddy simulation (LES) output, we show that EMIT can retrieve horizontal variability in PBL water vapour, provided
that the domain surface is uniformly composed of either vegetated surfaces
or mineral surfaces. Random retrieval errors are easily quantified and
removed, but biases from −7 % to +34 % remain in retrieved spatial
standard deviation and are primarily related to the retrieval's assumed
atmospheric profiles. Future retrieval development could greatly mitigate
these errors. Finally, we account for changing solar zenith angle (SZA) from
15 to 60∘ and show that the non-vertical solar path destroys the correspondence between footprint-retrieved TCWV and the true TCWV directly
above that footprint. Even at the 250 m horizontal resolution regularly
obtained by current sensors, the derived maps correspond poorly to true TCWV
at the pixel scale, with r2<0.6 at SZA=30∘. However, the derived histograms of TCWV in an area are closely related to
the true histograms of TCWV at the nominal footprint resolution. Upcoming
VSWIR instruments, primarily targeting surface properties, can therefore
offer new information on PBL water vapour spatial statistics to the
atmospheric community.