bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Kang Fu Yan capsule on phenol mucilage-induced intrauterine adhesion injury in female rats
Authors: Fan Qinghong , Xiao Wei , Chai Xiaomeng , Zhang Zhe , Zhu Tao , Tang Dan , Ye Kaihe , Luo Tianjun , Liu Qing , Huang Gang , Yang Yulan , Nie Hong
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Kang fu yan capsule (KFYC) on phenol mucilage-induced intrauterine adhesion (IUA) in a rat model, and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: An IUA model was established by injecting 0.06 mL of 25 % phenol mucilage into the uterus of female Sprague-Dawley rats. The IUA model rats (n=59) were randomly divided into 5 groups: IUA group, fuke qianjin tablet group (FKQJT, 0.22 mg/kg), and 3 KFYC groups given different doses of the drug i.e. 0.13, 0.39and 1.17 mg/kg. A group of 10 healthy female rats served as control. After 19 days treatment, blood samples were collected for determination of IL-2 and IL-10 by ELISA, while uterine tissues were subjected to histological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) and Masson staining. Expressions of Notch1, recombination signal binding protein-JK (RBP-JK), a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM)-12, ADAM-15, matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9), and inhibitor of NF-κB (IĸB) in uterine tissues were determined using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis.

Results: Compared to IUA group, histological results showed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in rat uterine tissue of KFYC group. Moreover, KFYC significantly reversed uterine fibrosis (p < 0.05). Serum concentrations of IL-2 significantly decreased in KFYC groups (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), and there was significant increases the serum concentrations of IL-10 in KFYC groups (p < 0.05 or < 0.01), when compared to IUA group. The mRNA and protein expressions of Notch1, RBP-JK, ADAM-12, ADAM-15, MMP-9 were also significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05), while protein expression of IĸB was upregulated in KFYC group, when compared to IUA group.

Conclusion: KFYC exerts an anti-IUA effect via amelioration of uterine inflammation and fibrosis, probably via a mechanism involving regulation of Notch1/ADAM pathway.
Preparation of snail cyst and PEG-4000 composite carriers via PEGylation for oral delivery of insulin: An in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Momoh Mumuni A. , Emmanuel Ossai C. , Onyeto Azubuike C. , Darlington Youngson , Kenechukwu Franklin C. , Ofokansi Kenneth C. , Attama Anthony A.
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To develop PEGylated mucin as a carrier system for oral insulin delivery.

Methods: Varied ratios of snail cyst were molecularly modified with polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000). Briefly, In each case, 20 g quantities of snail cyst and PEG 4000 were separately dispersed in distilled water, stirred and allowed to stand for 24 h to produce a homogeneous dispersion and clear solution, respectively. The solution of PEG was added to the snail cyst dispersion, stirred and allowed 12 h for molecular interaction. The mixture was added to a 250-mL beaker containing 100 mL of light liquid paraffin. The microparticles were obtained after stirring and removing the paraffin using chilled acetone. The obtained PEGylated mucin matrices, which were subsequently loaded with insulin using a diffusion method, characterized for particles size, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release and evaluated for oral application in diabetic rats.

Results: The polymer hybrids improved insulin encapsulation efficiency (max 82.3 %), gave. polydispersity indices that ranged from 0.11 ± 0.1 to 0.24 ± 0.2, zeta potential values between 28 ± 0.3 and 38 ± 1.1 mV. Insulin release was highest (68 % in 6 h) for batch C and was sustained for 10 h in simulated intestinal fluid. The optimized batch (C-5) showed higher hypoglycaemic activity (56.5 %) than control (0.5 %) in diabetic rats.

Conclusion: The results suggest that PEGylated mucin can potentially be developed as a platform for oral insulin delivery
Evaluating the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of 5- benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol
Authors: Qamar Shaista , Hussain Khalid , Bukhar Nadeem I. , Siddique Sabahat Z. , Aziz-ur-Rehman  , Abbas Muhammad A. , Parveen Sajida , Latif Abida , Qamar Abida , Ali Ejaz , Shehzadi Naureen , Islam Muhammad , Naheed Surriya
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To evaluate 5-Benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (OXPA) for antidiabetic and antioxidant properties.

Methods: Antidiabetic activity was evaluated using three in vitro models, glucose uptake by yeast cells, alpha amylase inhibition assay and hemoglobin glycosylation inhibition assays. Antioxidant potential was determined by DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays.

Results: OXPA showed antidiabetic activity in all the three models. The activity of the compound was comparable with that of metronidazole in glucose uptake by yeast cells, but the alpha amylase inhibition activity of the compound was slightly lower than that of acarbose, whereas the hemoglobin glycosylation inhibition activity of the compound was higher than that of vitamin E. DPPH free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of the compound was comparable with that of vitamin C. In reducing power assay, the activity of the compound was lower than that of vitamin C (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The results of antidiabetic and antioxidant activity indicate that OXPA may be a drugcandidate for treating both diabetes and its associated oxidative stress.
Hypertension-related knowledge, medication adherence and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among hypertensive patients in Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Amer Muhammad , Nisar-Ur-Rahman  , Nazir Saeed-Ur-Rashid , Raza Atif , Riaz Humayun , Sadeeqa Saleha , Sultana Misbah
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To determine knowledge regarding hypertension, adherence to medication and HealthRelated Quality of Life (HRQoL), and their associations in hypertensive patients in Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 hypertensive patients attending a tertiary health care public sector hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. Data were collected using knowledge questionnaire regarding hypertension, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and EuroQol (EQ-5D) scale.

Results: The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the 384 patients were 140.39 ± 15.485 and 88.74 ± 10.683 mmHg, respectively. The coefficient of correlation between knowledge regarding hypertension and adherence was 0.638 (p < 0.001), showing a positive association. The correlation coefficient between knowledge and HRQoL was 0.709 (p < 0.001), suggesting a good association. The correlation coefficient between adherence to medication and HRQoL was 0.545 (p < 0.001), which indicated a positive correlation.

Conclusion: These results indicate that there are statistically significant associations between hypertension knowledge and HRQoL, hypertension knowledge and medication adherence, and between adherence and HRQoL in the hypertensive patients studied.
Further Variations on the Six Exponentials Theorem.
Authors: Waldschmidt Michel
Published: May 2021

According to the Six Exponentials Theorem, a $2\times 3$ matrix whose entries $\lambda_{ij}$ ($i=1,2$, $j=1,2,3$) are logarithms of algebraic numbers has rank $2$, as soon as the two rows as well as the three columns are linearly independent over the field $\BbbQ$ of rational numbers. The main result of the present note is that one at least of the three $2\times 2$ determinants, viz. $$ \lambda_{21}\lambda_{12}-\lambda_{11}\lambda_{22}, \quad \lambda_{22}\lambda_{13}-\lambda_{12}\lambda_{23}, \quad \lambda_{23}\lambda_{11}-\lambda_{13}\lambda_{21} $$ is transcendental.
PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS REGARDING ACADEMIC FAILURE OF UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN: A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATORY INVESTIGATION
Authors: Shaikh Gul Muhammad , Khan Rabia , Khan Rehan , Yasmeen Rahila
Published: May 2021

Background: Academic failure adds extra pressure to emotional intelligence of students and this may lead to psychological disturbance. The objective of this study was to explore perception of students and teachers regarding academic failure of undergraduate medical students in Lahore, Pakistan.

Materials & Methods: This qualitative exploratory study was conducted at Department of Medical Education, University College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore, Pakistan from January 2018 to October 2018. Sample included nine MBBS students who took their last examination in year 2017 and five teachers, all from University College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore. Sampling was purposive. These nine students included five who graduated without failure and four who experienced two/more failures. Medical students were interviewed via two focus groups, whereas face to face semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were done for teachers. Interview questionnaires were designed on basis of attribution theory. The fundamental question of study was “What are the reasons behind undergraduate medical students’ failure in annual examination?” with five more questions. The interviews were transcribed in English and sent back to participants for member checking. The interviews were organized in ATLAS.ti software for thematic analysis based on Weiner’s Attribution Theory. Open coding was done after familiarization of data, leading to formation of categories, sub-themes and themes related to our conceptual framework.

Results: 160 open codes were condensed to 35 axial codes leading to two themes. Main reasons for students’ failure in examinations perceived by both students and teachers were lack of ability, lack of effort and lack of motivation. Additionally, the students attributed bad luck to academic failure. Other factors included were teachers’ related factors, curriculum related factors and negative students’ attitude.

Conclusion: Medical institutions must take into account reasons for academic failure among medical students and address those issues to improve their performance.
INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGY AND SELF-CLEANING PROPERTIES OF GO:AG, GO:SI AND GO:ZN NANO-COMPOSITES THIN FILMS SYNTHESIZED BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS TECHNIQUE
Authors: KADIM Sinai Ramah , KADIM Haider Jabbar , SHAKER Adel Kadim , ALMOHANA Abothur Ghanim
Published: May 2021

A wide variety of approaches have been explored by researchers in the attempt to attain a system with controllable wetting properties. The hydrophilic surfaces can be used in anti-fogging applications, biomedical, filtration, heat pipes, and many others. hydrophilic surface has strong affinity to water whereas hydrophobic surface repel water. In this research, the synthesis of graphene oxide- silver, graphene oxide- silica and graphene oxide-zinc nano-composite were done by spray pyrolysis method in order to investigate their self-cleaning properties. The nano-composite thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission transmission electron microscope (FE-SEM) . The xrd results confirm the formation of desired thin films. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to calculate the thickness and RMS value of thin films. RMS values for GO, GO:Ag, GO:Si and GO:Zn thin films were 17.57, 185.78, 125.64, 37.23 nm, respectively. According to the results of contact angle and AFM images, GO:Zn thin film has the lowest roughness and therefore the lowest contact angle and a relatively good hydrophilic surface.
Dialektika Maqasid as-Syari’ah Dalam Metode Istinbath Hukum Islam
Authors: Muhyiddin Muh. , Chudzaifah Ibnu , Hikmah Afroh Nailil
Published: May 2021

Maqashid as-shari'ah is a new trend in the legal istinbath that is undergoing development in the contemporary era. The development of the method of extracting the source of contemporary Islamic law is now considered more promising as using maqashid as-sharia. As a scientific discipline that is the development of fiqh and fiqh rules, maqashid as-shari'ah is now widely studied by experts in Islamic law more deeply. Benefit as the essence of maqashid as-shari'ah, has urgency in determining Islamic law. Because Islamic law is revealed has the purpose and purpose to realize the benefit of the people both in this world and in the Hereafter. Thus the study of maqashid as-shari'ah has a very important correlation in extracting the source of Islamic law, in other words that the excavation of Islamic law based on benefit still refers to the books of qawaid al-fiqhi and ushul al-fiqh. As for the way used by the scholars' in exploring the benefits there are three methods: bayani method (substantive analysis), qiyasi method (analogy analysis), and istishlahi method (benefit analysis)
THE INSIGHT OF PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN STUDENTS’ COURSE WORKS IN VILNIUS COLLEGE OF HIGHER EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
Authors: Čerčikienė Irena , Židonytė Dalė
Published: May 2021

Students from programme of Chemistry Analysis Technologies implement three course works during their three years studies in Vilnius College of Higher Education, Department of Chemistry. Analysis of the last few years shows students non-productivity in usage of time for consultations with mentors fruitfully. Students can hardly formulate their thoughts, to cite different literature, analyze and summarize different conclusions. Especially they lack competencies in taking concrete decisions. So naturally it raises the question – what causes such incompetence to systemize, analyze and summaries appropriate information to prepare final work successfully.
Within implemented research was attained to find out the main reasons that cause lack of competences in preparing the final course work. There are seen clear tendency that most of students are very confident about their abilities to work independently and keep them self as competent. Lecturers’ positions are opposite – they tend to say that quality of work depends on not only on methodical literature, their abilities, independent work, but largely depends on masters advices.
There are shown different positions of student and lecturers in training and evaluation of different parts of course work, and points to confrontation of different opinions in this article. All this leads towards finding the right way to promote students’ self-sufficiency and work efficiency in their studies.
Key words: Course work, final work, sufficiency, Competency.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY TESTING OF A NEW MODIFICATION OF TWO-LAYER "SILEP" DENTURES USED IN PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
Authors: TIMOSHIN Anton , MITIN Nikolay , OLEYNIKOV Alexander , TIMOSHINA Maria , MITINA Evgeniya
Published: May 2021

Dentistry is a part of medicine, where various polymer materials were used for the first time. Many factors forced researchers to find more stable, versatile, and hygienic materials for the manufacture of dental products. It is important to note that the search for the ideal polymer dental material is still ongoing. This is because modern polymers, in some cases, do not meet the specified requirements for chemical, physical, strength, and elastic properties. Based on the data on the method of creating and using silicone material for the base of the removable prosthesis "Gossil", an improved silicone material for two-layer dentures "Silep" was developed, as well as a special primer for better connection of the lining with the rigid acrylic base of the prosthesis. To evaluate the most suitable compound, materials were tested for several parameters, such as tensile strength, elongation, and shore hardness. In addition to selecting a suitable material for modification, the selection and testing of an adhesive that allows the chemical bonding of the acrylate surface to the siloxane surface were carried out.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БИОСТИМУЛЯТОРА «БИОСОК» ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ МИНИКЛУБНЕЙ КАРТОФЕЛЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЗАЩИЩЕНОГО ГРУНТА
Authors: М.Ә. Әсіл, Ж.А. Токбергенова, Ж.Т.Лесова  , К.Б. Бегалиев Х.Б. Конысбаева
Published: May 2021

На сегодняшний день проводится большое количество исследований в области производства оздоровленного посадочного материала картофеля и его дальнейшего размножения. Сохранение высаженных в грунт растений картофеля в культуре invitro и увеличение выхода количества клубней с данных растений является наиболее актуальным вопросом в данном направлении. В исследованиях 2018-2019 г.г. изучены различные агроприемы производства тепличных миниклубней с использованием оздоровленных растений-регенерантов картофеля. В статье приведены данные по изучению влияния биостимулятора «Биосок»на выход миниклубней из пробирочных растений-регенерантов картофеля в условиях защищенного грунта. Результаты исследований показали лучшую приживаемость растений-регенерантов картофеля и наибольший выход из нихминиклубнейв экспериментах с применением биостимулятора «Биосок» (2 л/га). Полученные данные показывают, что использование биостимулятора «Биосок» в технологии выращивания миниклубней картофеля, увеличивает коэффициент размножения исходного материала и повышает его урожайность, что важно ввведении первичного семеноводства культуры.
精准扶贫视角下消费价值与养生产品购买意愿之影响研究
Authors: 王 静 , 黄曾 顷丰
Published: May 2021

扶贫脱贫乃民生大事，随着人们养生生活方式的改变，加快发展乡村特色产业，因地制宜发展多样性特色农业再一次迎来发展机遇。目前国内外对于乡村扶贫养生产品行业的消费价值与之购买意愿的研究较为空白。本研究采用文献综述法、问卷调查法，以大众养生食材枸杞之消费者为目标对象，结合精准扶贫的政策背景，消费价值与消费者购买意愿的相关理论为依据，分析枸杞行业环境与发展状况，通过问卷设计与调查，运用SPSS 25.0软件对收集到的数据进行统计分析和模型验证，探讨枸杞行业的消费者感知消费价值的三个维度功能价值、情感价值、条件价值对消费者购买意愿呈显著的正相关影响，并再次基础上提出相关建议。
我国生鲜电商的问题与对策研究—以每日优鲜为例
Authors: 苏 锦俊 , 梁 鸿坤
Published: May 2021

我国生鲜电商作为电商品类中的后起之秀，一直备受关注。伴随着现代经济的快速发展，人们对于生活态度有了很大的转变，其中年轻高知人群尤其注重产品的质量与服务。在日常生活中，人们除了追求健康、高质的同时，更加关注生活便捷性、舒适度的提高，在线购买日常生活产品逐渐成为中高收入家庭的常态，生鲜电商应需而生，而行业中的每日优鲜公司通过首创「前置仓+全品类精选」模式，将仓库搬到顾客家附近，实现半径三公里覆盖，解决了生鲜电商「最后一公里」的瓶颈难题，快速成为行业中的领跑者，在国内生鲜电商的市场占有一定的地位。 但生鲜电商在快速发展的同时也面临着许多问题，如产品质量良莠不齐，库存渠道多受限制等等，因此，探索生鲜电商的未来发展道路并为相应问题提供行之有效的建议，具有非常重要的研究意义。本文通过运用PEST模型对行业进行宏观环境分析，以及运用波特五力模型对行业进行微观环境分析，阐明生鲜电商行业目前所处在的环境，并以极具行业代表性的每日优鲜股份有限公司为例，探讨生鲜电商运营现状，通过相关电商理论知识及相关数据整理，分析每日优鲜企业存在的问题，给予一定的建议。
新冠疫情下的全球经济展望
Authors: 张 颖 , 杨 国梁
Published: May 2021

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）正给全世界造成难以想象的伤害与代价。病毒传播的减缓需要隔离、封锁和关闭商业活动，但此举对全球经济与贸易活动产生严重影响，预计2020年全球经济将急剧萎缩3%，相较2008年金融危机更甚。实质性、有针对性的财政、货币和金融市场措施，支持受影响的家庭和企业，在整个关闭期间维持经济关系，对于大流行减弱和遏制措施解除后，活动能够逐步实现正常化至关重要。假设2020年下半年大流行消退，管制可以逐步解除，在政策支持的推动下，随着经济活动正常化，预计2021年全球经济将增长5.8%。
Schutz von Fotografien: Ein Lichtbildschutz, der keiner ist
Authors: Schütz Christoph
Published: May 2021

Der Schutz von Fotografien sorgt aufgrund der Dualität dieses Mediums – zwischen kreativer Leistung und mittels Technik erzielter Abbildung einer Realität – seit langem für Diskussionen und hat auch die Auseinandersetzungen rund um den besseren Schutz von Fotografien bei der jüngsten URG-Revision, die per 1. April 2020 in Kraft getreten ist, geprägt. Dieser Beitrag zeichnet die Entstehungsgeschichte von Art. 2 Abs. 3bis URG nach und weist anhand von Beispielen darauf hin, dass der neue Werkschutz von Fotografien ohne individuellen Charakter in der Anwendung trotz der ohne Zweifel gewonnen Rechtssicherheit noch einige Tücken bietet.
A Literary Aesthetics of War Crime
Authors: McGregor Rafe
Published: May 2021

In order to develop a literary aesthetics of war crime, I examine the phenomenon of moral immunity in military memoir. Using three paradigmatic examples of memoirs of unjust wars characterised by the routine perpetration of war crimes, I argue that moral immunity is achieved by means of three literary devices: literary irresponsibility, ethical peerage, and moral economy. I then employ the proposed literary aesthetics of war crime to provide an answer to the perennial question of the relationship between literature and morality as well as to two specific instantiations of this question, the value interaction debate in literary aesthetics and the ethics of reading in literary theory. My conclusion is that the literary aesthetics of war crime demonstrates both that there is a systematic relationship between aesthetic value and moral value and that there is no systematic relationship between literary ambiguity and moral uncertainty.
Estimation of Ceftazidime and Avibactam in their Bulk and Formulations by a newly Developed and Validated of Stability Indicating RP-UPLC Method
Authors: Raju Sridatla V.V.S.S.N. , Rao S. Venkat , Manikandan A.
Published: May 2021

A delicate, fast, Accurate, exact and steadiness, showing isocratic RP-UPLC method was developed for the concurrent assurance of the Ceftazidime and Avibactam in bulk and formulation. To optimize, a column HSS C18 100 x 2.1mm, 1.8µm, Mobile phase containing water: acetonitrile choose in the ratio 75:25v/v was pumped through column at a flow rate of 0.3ml/min at 260nm, initiate to be an efficient method for elution of drug with good peak shapes as well as retention times. Rt of Avibactam and Ceftazidime were initiate to be 1.463 min and 2.109 min. %Recovery was obtained as 100.07% and 100.08% for Avibactam and Ceftazidime separately. LOD, LOQ values got from relapse conditions of Avibactam and Ceftazidime were 0.85, 2.56 and 3.53, 10.70 correspondingly. Regression equation of Ceftazidime is y = 7883.2x + 12277, and y = 3279.1x + 1137 of Avibactam.
Evaluation of Acute, Subacute and LD50 values of Methanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus leaves in Albino mice
Authors: Choudhary Gajendra Pratap , Jain Ashutosh Pal
Published: May 2021

Sphaeranthus indicus is one of the extremely precious herbs in the Indigenous System of Medicine. The present study was carried out to acute, subacute and LD50 values of methanolic extract of S. indicus leaves in Swiss mice of both sexes. The acute toxicity studies were conducted oral administration of 1.75, 5.5, 17.5, 55, 175, 550, 2000mg/kg body weight SIME used. Observations were recorded systemically up to 24 h after dose administration for behavior related to nervous system response or autonomic functions. Food and water intake, body weight variations, hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed. In sub acute toxicity treatment there were no significant variation in the body weights and haematological parameters except dose-dependent increase in lymphocyte count was noted in both sexes supported immunostimulant activity. Pathologically, significant protective effect on hepatic, renal functions and decreased cholesterol, triglyceride levels. The results did not show any treatment related abnormalities in terms of hematological and biochemical parameters in sub-acute toxicity. After acute administration, no mortality was recorded in mice treated with the SIME orally at a dose of 1000mg/kg. The LD50 values were determined using graphical method; we found a broad therapeutic window and a high therapeutic index value showed that the LD50 of the extract is 2480mg/kg. The results suggest that the plant seems to be high margin of drug safety in mice.
Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Estimation of Paroxetine Hydrochlorides and Clonazepam in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Gadge Sonali S.
Published: May 2021

Two novel simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods have been developed for quantitative estimation of Paroxetine hydrochloride and Clonazepam in the tablet dosage form. The standard stock solution was prepared by using the solvent methanol and further dilutions were carried out by using 0.1 N HCl. The method I is Vierodt’s Simultaneous method in which 291.60nm and 272.27nm was selected for estimation of Paroxetine and Clonazepam respectively, while method II is Absorbance Correction method, where 325 nm and 291nm was selected for estimation of Paroxetine hydrochloride and Clonazepam respectively. The calibration curve was plotted of the concentration range of 0.5-30μg/ml for both the drugs. Both the drugs obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range 0.5-30μg/ml, correlation coefficient (r2<1). The precision of both the methods was found satisfactorily. The values of relative standards were not more than 2%. Both methods were validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out to confirm the accuracy. Commercial tablet formulation was successfully analyzed using the developed methods. Both these methods can be used for routine analysis for the estimation of Paroxetine hydrochloride and Clonazepam in the combined formulation. Due to the high sensitivity and simple sample preparation, the methods described can be used for undergraduate studies. Hence simple spectrophotometric methods have more advantages over sophisticated instrumental analysis such as HPLC. Hence these two simple and economical, instrumental methods always have a role in pharmaceutical analysis.
Anti-gout arthritic activities of Ethanolic and Aqueous leaf extracts of Cadaba fruticosa- An In vitro and In silico studies
Authors: Sekar Karthikeyan , Hari Rajeswary , Ramya P. , Pusphavalli N. , Savitha R.
Published: May 2021

In the present investigation an attempt was made to evaluate the in vitro and in silico anti-gout arthritic activity of ethanolic (EECF) and aqueous extracts (AECF) of leaves of Cadaba fruticosa. The in vitro anti-gout arthritic activity of EECF and AECF was evaluated in terms of their inhibitory potential of xanthine oxidase, proteinase enzymes as well as protein denaturation and membrane stabilization using standard protocols. For the analysis of in silico anti-gout arthritic activity, molecular docking was performed for the GC–Ms derived 15 phyto constituents using patch dock server to find a suitable antagonistic ligand for the enzymes cyclooxygenase I and matrix metalloproteinase IV since they are the key enzymes responsible for pain and degenerative changes. Among the EECF and AECF extracts the EECF extract exhibited higher inhibitory activity of the xanthine oxidase and proteinase enzyme. At the concentrations of 800 and 1000μg/ml the observed inhibitory activity was almost similar to the positive drug Allopurinol and Acetyl salicylic acid. Based on the docking score and activation energy the two phyto constituents Quercetin and Cadabicinediacetate inhibited the enzymes cyclooxygenase I and matrix metalloproteinase IV and serves as a better antagonistic ligand to suppress the pain and joint destruction. It may be concluded that the leaves of Cadaba fruticosa may further developed into a effective drug for the management of gouty arthritis due to its multi targeted inhibitory activity of several inflammatory mediators.
Tinjauan Perencanaan Terowongan Pengelak Bendungan Karalloe di Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Simatupang Selyn Angelyca , Tanan Benyamin , Lukman Melly
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang tinjauan perencanaan dan desain Terowongan Pengelak (Diversion Tunnel) pada Bendungan Karalloe. Perhitungan analisa curah hujan rancangan menggunakan tiga metode yaitu Metode Gumbel, Metode Log Pearson Type III, dan Log Normal. Debit banjir dianalisis dengan Metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintesis Nakayasu. Perencanaan Terowongan Pengelak Bendungan  Karalloe  didesain  menggunakan  bentuk  tapal  kuda,  dengan  panjang  terowongan  583  m,  diameter terowongan 6 m dengan tinggi kehilangan energi didalam terowongan sebesar 27 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penelusuran banjir dengan debit banjir kala ulang 25 tahun sebesar 492,333 m/detik dengan menggunakan desain terowongan berbentuk lingkaran didapatkan diameter terowongan sebesar 6,25 m, dengan tinggi kehilangan energi 25,741 m, dan direncanakan tinggi mercu cofferdam +205,241 m.
Pengujian Karakteristik Campuran HRS-WC menggunakan batu sungai Makawa Kecamatan Walenrang Utara
Authors: Marianto Kristiloresta , Alpius  , Kamba Charles
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menguji karakteristik campuran HRS-WC dengan memanfaatkan agregat batu sungai Makawa Kecamatan Walenrang Utara berdasarkan pengujian laboratorium.  Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan serangkaian pengujian karakteristik berupa agregat kasar, agregat halus, filler dan aspal lalu merancang komposisi campuran kemudian membuat benda uji berupa campuran HRS-WC serta pengujian Marshall konvensional untuk panentuan KAO setelah itu pembuatan benda uji KAO untuk mendapatkan Indeks Perendaman (IP) / Indeks Kekuatan sisa (IKS).  Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di laboratorium Jalan dan Aspal Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Sipil Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bahan perkerasan berupa agregat batu sungai Makawa kecamatan Walenrang Utara memenuhi spesifikasi bahan lapisan permukaan jalan.  Melalui uji Marshall diperoleh karakteristik campuran HRS-WC dengan kadar aspal 5,9%, 6,4%, 6,9%, 7,4%, 7,9% memenuhi persyaratan yang dikeluarkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga Departemen Pekerjaan Umum Republik Indonesia, Spesifikasi Umum2018. Hasil pengujian Marshall Immersion campuran HRS-WC pada kadar aspal optimum 6,4% mendapakan Indeks Perendaman (IP)/Indeks Kekuatan Sisa (IKS) / Durabilitas campuran sebesar 94,41% yang berarti melampaui syarat batas yaitu ≥ 90% sehingga campuran tahan terhadap perendaman dalam air
Effect of Different Operational Parameters on Bio-degradation of Chicken Feathers by Aspergillus niger: Investigation Under Submerged Fermentation Process
Authors: Javeed Faisal , Shahid Memuna Ghafoor , Javed Ali
Published: May 2021

Fungal strain, Aspergillus niger (ATCC 1015) has ability to grow on keratinous material therefore, it was selected for the investigating bio-degradation of chicken feathers. Different operational parameters were studied under submerged fermentation process i.e. effect of substrate concentration, effect of pH, effect of incubation temperature, effect of yeast extract concentration and effect of volume of fermentation medium. A. niger was grown on solid medium of malt extract and agar, due to its ability of rapid growth on it. Complete bio-degradation of the substrate was achieved after 5 days (0.70±0.03 U/mL) under standard optimized conditions. Investigation of different operational parameters on bio-degradation of chicken feathers revealed, maximum keratinolytic was observed at 40 °C incubation temperature, at 0.5 g/100 mL of substrate concentration, 8 g/100 mL concentration of yeast extract, at 7 pH of the fermentation medium and at 50 mL volume of fermentation medium. The present study suggests that A. niger could prove to be a potential candidate for production of keratinase and bio-degradation of chicken feathers.
Exploration of Locally Grown Yellow and Green Pumpkin as a Potential Source of b-Carotene and Vitamin A
Authors: Zahra Naseem , Nisa Alim-un- , Hina Sajila , Masood Shahid , Kalim Imran , Saeed Muhammad Khalid , Ahmad Ijaz , Arshad Mahnoor
Published: May 2021

Pumpkin is rich in beta-carotene which is used for preventing vitamin A deficiency. About 50 of carotenoids are the "Provitamin A compounds" which are precursors of retinol. Retinol is the active form of vitamin A. It plays an important role in vision. Beta carotene is an important anti-oxidant which protects the damaging of body cells by high free radical content because of its radical scavenging activity. The purpose of this study was to quantify the beta carotene and vitamin A present in yellow and green pumpkins. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze beta carotene and vitamin Yellow pumpkin contained the highest values of both the �-carotene and vitamin A than green pumpkin. The results illustrated that green pumpkin (Curcurbita pepo) possess 20.3µg/g beta carotene; 52.6µg/g vitamin A and yellow pumpkin (Curcurbita maxima) contains 35.7µg/g beta carotene and 60.2 µg/g vitamin A in their pulp. It was concluded that there is a need to promote the use of locally available sources of carotene and retinol to overcome nutrition deficiency in the people.
Appraisal of Chromium Contents from Different Tanneries and Drains of Sialkot
Authors: Riaz Amin , Zia Abid
Published: May 2021

The tanning industry is the major chromium consuming industry. Tanning industries are present throughout Pakistan, but their presence is more concentrated in small industrial city Sialkot. The samples of wastewater were collected from different tanneries and Nullah Aik which are situated in Sialkot and analyzed for the measurement of pollution level. The effluents sample demonstrated high values of temperature (32-42°C), pH (5.1-10.9), biological oxygen demand (335-5818 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (740-14546 mg/L), total solids (2265-19314 mg/L), total dissolved solids (1313-17467 mg/L), hexavalent chromium (1.8-9.8 mg/L), and total chromium (3.75-16.7 mg/L). The total chromium analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry and hexavalent chromium determined by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer with DCP. The study focused on the level of pollution in tannery wastewater to estimate the impairment caused by them.
A GIS Based Mapping of Ambient Air Quality of Major Sites of Lahore
Authors: Kashif Saif-ur-Rehman , Tariq Fatima , Arooj Fariha
Published: May 2021

Ambient air pollution is emerging environmental problem in major cities of Pakistan. Service sector growth is 8% and there is a rapid development of infrastructure in cities especially in transport sector which causes ambient air pollution issues in mega cities. To estimate the level of pollution in the city of Lahore, ambient air quality mapping procedure was used with the help of Haz Scanner HIM-6000 equipped with different sensors and ArcGIS 10.3 software was used for mapping of these pollutants. This study continued for two months from September to October, 2017 for different pollutants like PM2.5, VOCs, Ozone, NOx, CO2, CO, SO2 and H2S. From the study, it was concluded that ambient air in Lahore has lot of pollutants especially PM2.5, NO, NO2, CO, SO2 where as conc. of VOCs, H2S and Ozone was in limits in relation to NEQs for these pollutants.
International initiatives of bridging the separation between nature and culture in cultural landscapes management and conservation
Authors: Gainutdinova A.
Published: May 2021

The article provides an overview of the most prominent initiatives aimed at overcoming of the separation between Nature in Culture and opposition between values they represent in the theory and practice of conservation and studying of complex heritage, the significance of which is stemming from the interaction of nature and culture. The paper traces back the origins of this separation and the significant steps in the evolution of the approach to understanding, conservation and management of cultural landscapes since they were introduced in the 1972 Convention as a special category for inscription on the World Heritage List. The observed initiatives are presented in chronological order of their conduction. The article outlines the interconnections between them as well as how the evolution of research methods and approaches to the heritage conservation and management was developed in course of their deployment.
The effect of patient characteristics to the acute procedural success and long term outcome of atrial tachycardia and atrial flutter cases undergoing catheter ablation
Authors: GULSEN Kamil , DEMIR Serdar , KUP Ayhan , USLU Abdulkadir , CELIK Mehmet , KANAR Batur Gonenc , AKGUN Taylan , KEPEZ Alper
Published: May 2021

Objective: In the present study we aimed to demonstrate clinical characteristics, predictors of procedural success and long term
recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA).
Patients and Methods: Consecutive patients who had undergone CA due to an atrial tachyarrhythmia in a single centre arrhythmia
unit between 2012 – 2020 were screened. Predictors of procedural success and recurrence were analysed by logistic regression.
Results: Study population consisted of 299 consecutive patients (95 [31.8 %] atrial tachycardia, 204 [68.2 %] atrial flutter cases);163
( 54.5 % ) were male; median age was 54 ( IQR; 42-64). Median follow up was 330 (IQR; 90 – 810) days. Atrial flutter patients were
older and had more co-morbidities. Acute procedural success rate was 82.1 % vs. 77.0 % (p= 0.313) and recurrence was 9.3 % vs.
21.6 % (p=0.022) in atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial flutter (AFL) cases respectively. History of valvular or congenital heart disease
surgery, left atrium diameter and age were found to be independent predictors of failed ablation, recurrence and post-procedural
atrial fibrillation.
Conclusion: Age, left atrium diameter, valvular or congenital heart disease surgery are independent predictors for acute procedural
success, recurrence and post-procedural atrial fibrillation in AT and AFL patients who undergo catheter ablation.
What Mothers of Young Children Care about: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Parameswaran Gowri
Published: May 2021

Mainstream psychology of parenting styles minimizes the wisdom of mothers in being able to navigate parenting within a complex ever-changing system. This empirical study involves in-depth interviews conducted in two different contexts. This paper explores the major concerns mothers have about their child-rearing experiences, their children’s welfare, and the impact that these concerns have had on their personal wellbeing. The paper will outline some ways in which mothers attempt to address the barriers to a fulfilling mother-child relationship.
Video Summarization for Multiple Sports Using Deep Learning
Authors: Guntuboina Chakradhar , Porwal Aditya , Jain Preet , Shingrakhia Hansa
Published: May 2021

This paper proposes a computationally inexpensive method for automatic key-event extraction and subsequent summarization of sports videos using scoreboard detection. A database consisting of 1300 images was used to train a supervised-learning based object detection algorithm, YOLO (You Only Look Once). Then, for each frame of the video, once the scoreboard was detected using YOLO, the scoreboard was cropped out of the image. After this, image processing techniques were applied on the cropped scoreboard to reduce noise and false positives. Finally, the processed image was passed through an OCR (Optical Character Recognizer) to get the score. A rule-based algorithm was run on the output of the OCR to generate the timestamps of key-events based on the game. The proposed method is best suited for people who want to analyse the games and want precise timestamps of the occurrence of important events. The performance of the proposed design was tested on videos of Bundesliga, English Premier League, ICC WC 2019, IPL 2019, and Pro Kabaddi League. An average F1 Score of 0.979 was achieved during the simulations. The algorithm is trained on five different classes of three separate games (Soccer, Cricket, Kabaddi). The design is implemented using python 3.7.
Beyond the Minimal Self
Authors: Huang Di ,   DePaul University
Published: May 2021

This article reconstructs Sartre’s theory of selfhood against the background of the contemporary debate between minimal-self theories and narrative-self theories. I argue that Sartre’s theory incorporates both an emphasis on the singular first-person perspective, which is characteristic of minimal-self theories, and an emphasis on the practical intelligibility of experience, which is characteristic of narrative-self theories. The distinctiveness of the Sartrean combination of these motifs consists in its idea of the necessary ideal-relatedness of consciousness. According to Sartre, the logical structure of the pre-reflective cogito requires the haunting presence of an ideal of self-coincidence, which determines for consciousness the meaning of its lived experiences. Consciousness exists as a question to itself due to this ideal-relatedness, and it answers this question by projecting its possibilities as creative and symbolic realizations of this ideal. Establishing the connection between Sartre’s theory of imagination and his theory of selfhood, I suggest that both the ideal and the possibility of consciousness are lived in the manner of the imaginary.
La Ley General de Educación y la Iglesia: Encuentros y desencuentros
Authors: Grana Gil Isabel
Published: May 2021

The importance and influence that the Catholic Church has had on Education in Spain over the centuries is well known, as is the fact that there have periodically been sectors that have questioned its role in education. The objective of this article is to examine the position of the Church, especially the ecclesiastical hierarchy, with regard to the General Education Act approved on August 4, 1970 and its subsequent development. We will first look at the Church’s thoughts about the changes to come and the need for them, as well as what it considered to be the turning points. We will analyze the dichotomy between state and non-state education and the issue of free education that arises, and how its development would prove definitive in the change of attitude adopted by the Church. Finally, we will refer to the different alternatives to the Law that were proposed, including those involving non-state education and education by the Church, which we will focus special attention on. To do this, we will resort, wherever possible, to original sources, such as the reports emanating from the Episcopal Commission for Teaching and Religious Education, which was in charge of reporting the Church's position on educational issues and was very active during these years as well as other publications of the time.
Shifting Ontology in an Era of Acceleration and Quantified Humanity
Authors: Van Deventer Vasi
Published: May 2021

The idea that we are swept along in unforeseen consequences of our capitalist ideals of continuous progress stands in stark contrast to Kelly’s (1966) consideration of the active role that human activity plays in human evolution. The cumulative change of humanity behaving differently, and divergent behaviour changing humanity, produce acceleration, and for Kelly this acceleration is ontological. In this paper I explore three moments of accelerated change, associated with the ontologies of object, relation and trace. Object ontology encouraged the dehumanised subject, relational ontology a calculated embodied subject and trace ontology the responsible subject.Currently we find ourselves somewhere between the calculated embodied and the responsible subject, cognitively related to others, but not yet prepared to experience the other as me differed and deferred from myself.
Le topos du jardin comme « tapis de Turquie » au temps des humanistes, une figure d’art et de mémoire
Authors: Paya Laurent
Published: May 2021

L’architecture des premiers jardins modernes s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une anthropologie culturelle en interaction avec l’environnement matériel, artistique, cognitif et social. Une « concordance des arts » s’exprime alors explicitement entre l’architecture des jardins ornés de parterres et la confection des tapis orientaux d’apparat. La production d’images et d’espaces s’appuie en effet sur des modèles rhétoriques situés au-delà des réalités sensibles spécifiques à chaque discipline artistique.
D’or et d’argent : les jardins incas dans les descriptions de Garcilaso de la Vega (1609)
Authors: Ferrero Sebastián
Published: May 2021

Dans le Coricancha, complexe sacré des Incas dédié au Soleil, et dans les palais royaux se trouvait un jardin composé de plantes et d’animaux fabriqués entièrement en or et en argent. La mémoire de ces oeuvres a uniquement survécu grâce à la littérature coloniale, qui s’est occupée de les décrire jusqu’aux marges du fantastique dans les Comentarios Reales de l’Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. C’est dans la construction textuelle que fait celui-ci des jardins incas que le lecteur est confronté à un véritable jeu intermédial où, de manière télescopique, s’imbriquent les différents niveaux de représentation du jardin. Dans cet article, nous décortiquerons les multiples dimensions par lesquelles Garcilaso de la Vega parvient à créer une image complexe et universaliste du jardin inca, à la fois jardin artistique, cosmique et impérial.
On What a Garden Can Remember. The Jardin du Québec and the Floralies internationales 1980 (Montreal)
Authors: Despard Erin
Published: May 2021

Drawing from work in progress at a series of somewhat neglected public gardens in Montreal, this article explores what a transhistorical, materialist approach to the intermedial study of public gardens might look like. It focuses on the relationship between a documentary film about the gardens made in 1980 (Bonjours Floralies, Bernard Beaupré), and one of the gardens in the present, as a means to develop a novel point of view on the historical and phenomenological functioning of both.
L’Éden dans le discours postcolonial : rencontres interculturelles et imaginaires du lieu idéal dans Le dernier gardien de l’arbre de Jean-Roger Essomba1
Authors: Lassi Étienne-Marie
Published: May 2021

Cet article a pour objectif de montrer comment les mythes du jardin se réactualisent dans une perspective postcoloniale, en s’appuyant sur Le dernier gardien de l’arbre du Camerounais Jean-Roger Essomba. Partant de l’hypothèse que la thématique du jardin mène aux questions de l’identité collective ainsi qu’à celles de l’altérité, qui renvoie à la relation avec d’autres peuples et cultures, il analyse ces problématiques en se référant à la rencontre des civilisations européenne et africaine dans le roman.
À travers forêts et bétons du texte : les dystopies scopiques de Marie Darrieussecq et de Karoline Georges
Authors: Perron Laurence
Published: May 2021

Dans cet article, je m’intéresse aux romans dystopiques de Marie Darrieussecq (Notre vie dans les forêts, 2017) et de Karoline Georges (Sous béton, 2011), deux productions récentes qui témoignent d’un rapport à l’écran qui dépasse la simple thématisation. Je soutiens notamment que la question de la médiation écranique va jusqu’à régir l’écriture dans son élaboration stylistique et poétique. Je convoque à cet effet les distinctions entre immediacy et hypermediacy (Bolter et Grusin, 2000) afin de nommer efficacement les phénomènes médiatiques que génère la culture de l’écran, pour montrer que ces derniers trouvent réponse au sein d’une narration aussi brisée et altérée que les écrans (ainsi que l’oeil qui les regarde) mise en scène par les deux autrices.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the Population in an Urban District Facing COVID-19 in Kisangani, DRC
Authors: Yakusu Issa , Baelongadi Francis , Bumba Lobela , Bonyoma Osinga , Eugene Basandja Longemba , Kapunzu Muyobela , Bassandja Ossinga , Tshilumba Kayembe
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards Covid-19 among residents of the Plateau Boyoma neighborhood.

Methods: A questionnaire was designed and a cross- sectional survey was carried out among 214 households in the Plateau Boyoma district between September 27 and October 27, 2020. Participants were questioned on knowledge, attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19. The data was analyzed by SPSS.

Results: The majority of respondents were males aged 39 to 45 years. Most of the participants had higher education (68.7%). The main sources of information on COVID-19 were radio and television. The majority of respondents had a positive attitude towards complying with government infection control measures, 43.9% said they frequently wash their hands with soap and water, cover their mouth and their skin, respectively nose when coughing or sneezing. However, household concern about COVID-19 is very great. In this study, the surveys had a high level of knowledge about COVID-19 and adapted attitudes towards this disease. However, community health campaigns are necessary to have optimistic attitudes and practice appropriate intervention measures without misconceptions.