bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Replicating and Extending Soroka, Fournier, and Nir: Negative News Increases Arousal and Negative Affect
Authors: Dubèl Roeland , Schumacher Gijs , Homan Maaike D. , Peterson Delaney , Bakker Bert N.
Published: April 2024

The negativity bias hypothesis in political communication contends that people are more aroused by negative vs. positive news. Soroka et al. (2019) provide evidence for this negativity bias in a study in 17 countries across six continents. We find suggestive evidence for Soroka et al.’s (2019) central finding that negativity causes an increase in skin conductance levels in a conceptually close, well-powered, and preregistered replication. We extend Soroka et al. (2019) in three ways. First, we theorise, test, and confirm that negative (vs. positive) news causes an increase in activity of the corrugator major muscle above the eyebrow (using facial electromyography activity) and is associated with a negative affect. Second, we find people self-reporting negative news causes negative affect but that positive (instead of negative) news increases self-reported arousal. Third, we test Soroka et al.’s (2019) argument in another context, the Netherlands. Our article suggests that negative news is, especially, causing negative affect. Doing so, we contribute to the negativity bias argument in political communication research and, at the same time, show the importance of replication in empirical communication research.
EVIDENCE AND PROOF IN ECONOMIC AND CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kolomiiets K.V.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of comparative legal analysis of evidence and proof in criminal and business processes. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative legal analysis of evidence and the process of proof in economic and criminal proceedings. Find possible options for implementing the norms of the criminal process to the economic process and vice versa, in order to improve the process of proof as such. The problem of evidence and proof was and remains relevant, despite hundreds of studies on this topic. However, the existence of different approaches at the doctrinal level has a negative effect on the law enforcement activities of the subjects of the legal process. After the research, the following conclusions were made. First, the comparative legal method of analysis for improving legislative mechanisms is extremely effective. Secondly, when comparing the general characteristics of evidence in criminal and economic proceedings, many commonalities were found. Thirdly, attention was paid and it was proposed to implement some provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine to the Economic Procedure Code of Ukraine, taking into account its features, namely: circumstances to be proven in the context of the subject of proof, a complex concept of proof. Fourthly, on the basis of a comparative analysis of codified legislation, the shortcomings of the Criminal Procedure Code were identified, namely: the classification of electronic evidence as documents, rather than its isolation as an independent source, as is the case in the other three procedural codes, the absence of a concept of subject fixed at the legislative level proving. The author describes his own vision of the concept of evidence as specific factual data that contain information about facts that are directly related to the dispute, confirm or deny a certain circumstance, contribute to the correct resolution of the case, obtained legally, from legal sources, fixed in a certain procedural law provided by law in the form of means of proof (sources of evidence – KPK) and examined in court in a proper manner.
The Gaucho Archetype in the Artistic Culture of Latin America
Authors: Kornev V.A. , Murashkina O.V.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the role of representatives of a specific ethnic group of inhabitants of the South American steppes-Pampas — pastoralists-Gaucho nomads in the formation, formation and development of national Spanish-American literature based on its genres such as oral folk art, lyrical and epic poetry, drama, realistic and psychological novel. The existence of this ethnic type can be traced back to 1775, but the process of turning a Spanish shepherd into a half-breed Gaucho is still largely unclear. The formation of Gaucho literature can serve as an example of the emergence of folk literature in the countries of Spanish America. Gaucho poetry reached the culmination point of its development with «Martin Fierro» by H. Hernandez, however, it did not take much time for the gaucho theme to turn into prose: drama, short story and novel. The transition from poetry to prose, as well as the transition from oral to written poetry, did not take place immediately. Gaucho poetry continued to develop and gained prominence for the reworking of the legend of Santos Vega, but new forms of Gaucho literature were already supplanting poetry. The novel about the gaucho arose from a primitive popular print, but the popularity gained by the very first attempts to create a novel about the gaucho testified to the prospects of this genre, which soon attracted the attention of truly talented authors. Thus, the Gaucho gave his native land a regional literature, which became a model of cultural and spiritual independence for all countries of Spanish America. Having formed a whole trend in literature, the Gaucho archetype has left a noticeable mark in other forms of art and, perhaps, will serve as an example to national forces called upon to make the transition from imitation of European models to literary Americanism.
Evolution of the Role of the Library in the Context of Preservating National Languages
Authors: Simonova S.A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the library institution in the preservation, dissemination and development of national languages. The author attempted a retrospective, comparative, axiological analysis of changes in the image of the library in accordance with the cultural characteristics of different eras. The main attention was aimed at identifying the linguistic and cultural features of library texts. It has been revealed and substantiated that in the ancient East the library served as a sacralized archive of texts mainly in the ancient Sumerian and Assyrian languages. Linguistic texts of ancient Eastern libraries connected sacred meanings and everyday life. In antiquity, lively dialogue and the dialectical development of thought came to the fore, so the library became a place for debate. The libraries of Alexandria, Pergamon, and private collections contained scrolls in different languages, but many of them were professionally translated into Greek. In medieval culture, the library became a library of one book, the Bible, which was copied in Greek and Latin. In the late Middle Ages, books in vernacular languages appeared in libraries, which contributed to the development of the latter. In modern times, the library becomes a way of education and mass dissemination of national literary languages. In the information age, the library acquires the global features of a «universal library»; the boundaries of the virtual and real space of the library are erased. A modern library acquires many functions: it provides information to users, is a place for holding various educational events, and educational games. In modern Russia, the library institution plays a huge role in preserving the languages of the small peoples of our country. Thus, libraries in all eras play an important role in the formation, preservation, dissemination and development of national languages.
Towards the Realization of the Principle of Historicism in Teaching Russian at School
Authors: Voiteleva T.M. , Tekucheva I.V. , Loginova N.V.
Published: April 2024

This article is devoted to the implementation of the principle of historicism in the process of teaching Russian language. It is noted that taking this principle into account allows to present language as a national-cultural phenomenon, as a multifunctional, historically developing system, and also helps to understand its structure and features of functioning.
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Induced Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Mini Review
Authors: Amanda Rana Zhafira , Purwowiyoto Sidhi  Laksono
Published: April 2024

The continuing application of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) has led to an increasing concern regarding disturbances in the tricuspid valve (TV). The most prevalent TV issue related to lead implantation is tricuspid regurgitation. CIED-induced tricuspid regurgitation is associated with emerging or worsening preexisting heart failure and increased mortality rate. Because discontinuing the implantation of these instruments is not feasible, further knowledge of their mechanical problems may lead to advancements. This review addresses the available data regarding CIED-induced tricuspid regurgitation, elucidating its plausible pathomechanisms, diagnostic methods, and prospective treatments.
MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE EXTRACT OF ASTRAGALUS MEMBRANACEUS ON THE BRAIN OF RATS SUBJECTED TO IMMOBILIZATION STRESS
Authors: Gulyaev S. M. , Shantanova L. N. , Batotsyrenova E. T.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to analyze histological and morphometric changes in the brain of rats subjected to immobilization stress and to assess the neuroprotective effect of the extract of Astragalus membranaceus (AE). The work was carried out on Wistar rats that were divided into 3 groups (6 animals in each): group 1 - intact rats; group 2 - control animals subjected to immobilization stress for 18 h; group 3 - rats treated orally with AE (50 mg/kg) for 7 days and then subjected to immobilization stress. The level of stress-induced brain damage was assessed by a morphometric method, by measuring the proportions of morphologically intact neurons, hyperchromatic shrunken neurons and neurons with the signs of degeneration in layers III-V of the cerebral cortex and CA1 region of the hippocampus in the standard area of the section. Immobilization stress in rats led to a clearly pronounced neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. AE was found to limit the stress-induced neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus: the proportion of hyperchromatic shrunken neurons was reduced 3 and 4.6 times, respectively, compared to control.
PECULIARITIES OF THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF VENTRAL POSTEROMEDIAL, VENTRAL POSTEROLATERAL, AND RETICULAR NUCLEI OF RAT THALAMUS (AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY)
Authors: Kirichenko Ye. Yu. , Matsionis A. E. , Povilaityte P. E. , Akimenko M. A. , Logvinov A. K.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this work was an immunohistochemical study of the expression of neuronal and glial proteins, and of gap junctions proteins (connexin 36, connexin 43) in ventral posteromedial (VPMN), ventral posterolateral (VPLN) and reticular (RТN) nuclei of the thalamus in rats. It was found that VPMN and VPLN of the thalamus were characterized by a homogeneous distribution of synaptophysin, grouped arrangement of astrocytes, horizontal orientation of somatostatin-containing myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers, forming the bundles, and running through the barreloid septum, expression of connexin 36 and 43 as well as of parvalbumin revealing barreloids in 4 μm-thick sections. In RTN the content of myelin basic protein, neurofilaments, parvalbumin, and somatostatin was increased, while the amount of glial fibrillary acidic protein and connexin 43 was moderate, and synaptophysin and connexin 36 were absent.
VARIANTS OF THE INFRAORBITAL NERVE BRANCHING
Authors: Shadlinskiy V. B. , Guseynov B. M. , Mustafayeva N. A.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to identify the variants of location and branching of the infraorbital nerve (ION) in the infraorbital canal. Using V.P.Vorobyov macromicroscopic method, the head of 23 individuals (11 males, 12 females) ranging in age from newborn to 74 years, was dissected. It was found that ION divided into branches at the level of the inferior orbital fissure, in the beginning of the infraorbital furrow, infraorbital canal, infraorbital foramen and after its emergence from the infraorbital foramen. In some preparations, the additional infraorbital foramina were noted, containing the emerging branches of ION. In 15 preparations ION consisted of 1 trunk and divided into branches in the infraorbital foramen or 3-6 mm distal to it (the magistral type of branching). In 8 cases ION gave 2 or more trunks within the orbital cavity (the dissipated type of branching). Additional infraorbital foramina in most cases had a rounded or rounded-flattened form. The data on variants of the structure and topography of the additional infraorbital foramina are presented.
ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SEPTOMARGINAL TRABECULA OF THE RIGHT VENTRICLE OF THE HUMAN FETAL HEART
Authors: Yakimov A. A.
Published: April 2024

Anatomical structure of right ventricular septomarginal trabecula (SMT) was studied at micro-macroscopical level in 99 preparations of human fetal heart formed without malformations and minor abnormalities, obtained at 17-28 weeks of development. SMT was found to be a constant cardiac structure consisting of the body and two branches: anterior and posterior. Body of SMT is a myocardial vallum, unseparable from the interventricular septum, the long axis of which is always located along the conventional line connecting septal insertion of supraventricular crest and right ventricular apex. Posterior margin of SMT body was distinct in 75% of cases and smoothened in 21.9%. Base of the SMT was solid in 46.3% and split into secondary trabeculae in 52.6% of cases. Narrow and wide forms of SMT body were considered as its extreme anatomical variants. It is suggested to distinguish two anatomical types of SMT: a complete type, in which SMT was represented by a complex consisting of body in the form of muscular vallum and both branches, and an incomplete one, in which one of the branches was absent. Human fetal heart SMT is characterized by a variability, which is manifested by certain combinations of anatomic variants of SMT base form, its posterior margin, and the presence, shape and mutual location of its branches.
PECULIARITIES OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT DIRECTION OF GROWTH OF THE FACIAL PART OF THE SKULL
Authors: Galebskaya K. Yu. , Fadeyev R. A.
Published: April 2024

The characteristics of the structure of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in individuals with different direction of growth of the facial part of the skull were studied. Cone beam computed tomography data were analyzed in 16 young (mean age 29±7 years) orthodontic patients (32 joints) before treatment, which had class II dentition ratio. The patients were divided into 2 groups (4 men and 4 women in each): with strongly expressed vertical and horizontal types of facial growth. In patients with a vertical type of facial growth, the reduction of the size of joint spaces was noted in anterior, posterior, upper, oral and buccal parts of TMJ. In patients with a vertical type of facial growth anterior articular angle was smaller than in those with a horizontal growth type. The data obtained indicate the relationship of the structure of TMJ and the direction of growth of the facial part of the skull.
THE MODIFICATION OF THE METHOD OF NATURAL PERIODIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors: Kemoklidze K. G.
Published: April 2024

A new variant of the method of natural periodization of biological processes is proposed. In contrast to the original variant, in which each parameter is coordinated with respect to its average value during all the period of observation, in the proposed modification the parameters are coordinated with respect to their control values, that seems to be more logical in the experimental studies. Both variants were applied for the evaluation of twomonth-long dynamics of 19 morphological parameters of the part of an adrenal medulla surviving after laser damage. Three natural periods of were identified of the remodelling of the organ structure and their functional interpretation is given. It is shown that the original variant more clearly highlights the important nodal points, while the proposed modification more accurately reflects the general nature of the changes. Thus, both the variants are complementary and their combined use improves the efficiency of the method for experimental studies.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEUROENDOCRINE NEURONSOF THE AMYGDALOID BODY OF THE BRAININ MALE AND FEMALE RATS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ESTROUS CYCLE
Authors: Akhmadeev A V , Kalimullina L B , Kalimullina L B , Akhmadeyev A V
Published: April 2024

Ultrastructural characteristics of neuroendocrine neurons were studied in amygdala dorsomedial nucleus (DMN), which is one of main zones of sexual dimorphism, in 12 Wistar rats with the body mass of 250-300 g, 3 males and 9 females at different stages of the estrous cycle. In each animal, an average of 50 DMN neurons were examined and their functional state was analyzed on the basis of their ultrastructural characteristics. Morpho-functional classification is proposed, that reflects hormone-dependent variations in neuronal activity. It was established that DMN neurons could be found in different structural and functional states, that may be classified as the state of rest, moderate activity, increased activity, stress (peak activity), decrease in activity (two types), return to an initial state and apoptosis. At the stage of estrus, the neurons in the state of increased activity (40% of the total population) and peak activity (26%) were found to prevail. In metestrus, most of the neurons were in the state of type I decrease in activity (with an increase in nuclear heterochromatin content - 30% of the cells); peak activity and increased activity were found in 25% and 20% of neurons, respectively. In diestrus, the neurons in the state of rest, moderate and increased activity, peak activity and type I decrease in activity were represented in approximately equal proportions (18%, 21%, 18%, 20% and 16%, respectively). In males, 35% and 22% of neurons, respectively, were found in the state of increased activity and peak activity. Neuronal death was detected only in males.
CHANGES IN THE FOCUS OF EXPERIMENTAL ISCHEMIC STROKE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NEUROPROTECTIVE DRUGS
Authors: Onishchenko L S , Gaykova O N , Yanishevskiy S N , Onishchenko L S , Gaikova O N , Yanishevskiy S N
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to compare the morphological changes in the focus of ischemic stroke under the influence of the drugs of neurotrophic group (alpha-GPC, cerebrolysin), drugs possessing the nootropic properties (piracetam) and those with combined effect (vinpocetin). The experiments were performed in 18 rats. Temporary disturbance of cerebral circulation (acute ischemia) in right cerebral hemisphere was induced by clipping the trunk of innominate artery for 40 minutes. Areas of cerebral cortex, brainstem and cerebellar cortex were studied using light and electron microscopy. Treatment with alpha-GPC or cerebrolysin resulted in an increased tolerance of neurons to ischemic damage and in delayed realization of the program of cell death. Some intracellular changes were detected that could be regarded as the signs of adaptation and repair (indentation of nuclear envelope, increased number of ribosomes, hypertrophy of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex). These drugs preserved the structure of the membranes in the nucleus and major organelles. In animals treated with piracetam and vinpocetin, all morphological signs were indicative of insufficient supply of energy-consuming processes of repair in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. This was accompanied by morphological features of functional stress of the neurons of the cerebral cortex, different stages of gliocyte apoptosis, phenomenon of incomplete separation of gliocytes during their proliferation, myelin and unmyelinated nerve fiber pathology, as well as by changes in synapse structure.
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF NEURONS OF SPINAL SACRAL GANGLIA INNERVATING THE COLON
Authors: Dorofeeva A A , Panteleev S S , Markova L A , Pluzhnichenko E B , Bagaev V A , Makarov F N , Dorofeyeva A A , Panteleyev S S , Markova L A , Pluzhnichenko Ye B , Bagayev V A , Makarov F N
Published: April 2024

The localization and morphological features of viscerosensory neurons of sacral spinal ganglia (SSG), innervating the colon, were investigated. In urethane anaesthetized cats, the solution of horseradish peroxidase was injected under the serosa of ascending and descending parts of the colon as well as of the rectum. After 48 hours animals were repeatedly anesthetized and trans-cardially perfused. Sections of SSG were stained according to Mezulam protocol (1978). All the regions of the colon studied were shown to receive afferent innervation from neurons of SSG SI, SII and SIII. Maximum number of the labeled cells was detected in SSG SII. The intensity of afferent innervation of the colon by the neurons of SSG was found to increase along its length in cranio-caudal direction.
ACCIDENTAL THYMIC INVOLUTIONIN THE GROWING ORGANISMUNDER THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPESOF STRESSORS
Authors: Kapitonova M Yu , Kuznetsov S L , Klauchek S V , Mokhd Ismail Z I , Ulla M , Fedorova O V , Kapitonova M Yu , Kuznetsov S L , Klauchek S V , Mohd Ismail Z I , Ullah M , Fedorova O V
Published: April 2024

Using the quantitative immunohistochemistry, the immunomodulatory effect of different types of stressors (physical and psychoemotional) on the thymus of growing experimental animals was assessed. Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 day were exposed either to physical (water immersion) or emotional «expectation» stress for 5 hours daily during 7 consecutive days. After the final exposure to stress, animals were sacrificed, thymus was obtained for weighting and was processed for routine histology and immunohistochemistry (CD3, CD8, ED1, PCNA) with subsequent automatic image analysis. The finding obtained have demonstrated severe accidental thymic involution in both groups of experimental animals, which was more prominent under the effect of the physical stressor as compared to «purely» psychoemotional stressor. The major factors of poststress thymic hypoplasia were the increased apoptosis of the cortical thymocytes and inhibition of their proliferation, but not their increased transport to peripheral immune organs.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHOD FOR IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF NESTIN IN PARAFFIN SECTIONS OF RAT BRAIN
Authors: Korzhevskiy D E , Gilyarov A V , Korzhevskiy D E , Gilyarov A V
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study was to develop an optimal and easy protocol for immunocytochemical demonstration of nestin (an intermediate filament protein which is believed to be a neuronal stem cell marker) in paraffin sections of rat brain with target retrieval procedure being omitted for better preservation of the neural tissue structure. The influence of fixation, character of blocking of nonspecific antibody binding, temperature and time of incubation on the results of immunocytochemical reaction was studied. On the basis of the results obtained, we propose a processing protocol allowing distinct demonstration of nestin in rat brain cells together with the optimal preservation of the nervous tissue structure.
ISOLATION OF THE CELLS FOR CYTOLOGICAL AND CYTOGENETIC STUDIES OF THYROID EPITHELIUM
Authors: Pavlov A V , Shashkina M V , Gansburgskiy M A , Korableva T V , Belyakov I E , Pavlov А V , Shashkina M V , Gansburgskiy М А , Korablyova T V , Belyakov I Ye
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a detailed description of the method for obtaining of high quality smears of thyrocytes from the fragments of rat (30 animals) and human (20 cases) thyroid gland using the method of enzymatic dissociation in 0.25% aqueous solution of collagenase (collagenase for pancreatic islet isolation type XI, collagen digestive activity 1,205 units/mg, Sigma, USA) at 37°C during 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5 and 3 hours. Optimal time for dissociation in each individual case should be determined using control smears. This approach permitted to successively perform morphological, morphometric and cytophotometric analysis of the glandular cells, to evaluate the relative proportions of different cell types (mitotically dividing cells, binucleate cells, aberrant forms with the micronuclei) in animal experiments as well as in the various types of human thyroid pathology.
STEM CELLS AND REPARATIVE REGENERATION IN POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS OF MAMMALS
Authors: Stadnikov A A , Shevlyuk N N , Stadnikov A A , Shevliuk N N
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the critical analysis of the data published in recent literature, which concern the role and significance of stem cells (embryonic stem cells and progenitor cells) in the processes of reparative morpho- and histogenesis in the different animal and human organs. Possible negative effects of the application of stem cells for the stimulation of reparative histo-and organogenesis are discussed. Special attention is drawn to the necessity of more cautious and balanced approach to the use of stem cells for stimulation of repair processes in the organism.
Role Models
Authors:   Editorial Team
Published: April 2024

Determining which people we should look to for personal guidance and what role they should play in shaping our lives is a perennial issue of moral and philosophical inquiry. Although our particular answers to these questions change in different historical, sociopolitical and educational contexts, each generation, and indeed each individual, faces them in some form or other. There is certainly no shortage of potential role models in contemporary societies, but how do we decide which role models, if any, are worth emulating? The authors of this issue of on_education engage with these and related issues and questions concerning role models and their often ambivalent educational role and functions in educational contexts. They come from various areas of educational theory and research, and thus the issue as a whole provides an overview on some of the most important current controversies on role modelling and exemplarism in education.
The Moral of the Stories: Can Influencers be Moral Exemplars?
Authors: Vaccarezza Maria Silvia , Croce Michel , Liberti Matilde
Published: April 2024

The aim of this paper is to propose a distinction between ‘morally conscious influencers’ and ‘moral influencers’ in order to explore the distinctive risks and potential advantages arising from the interaction that these two categories establish with their followers when they decide to publicly support a moral project, and so become candidates to act as a moral role model. The purpose of this analysis is to assess the value in elevating people who enjoy different degrees of influence to the status of a moral exemplar within educational setting.
How I Treat Alopecia in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Puccio Jordyn , Rose Lucy , Adame Stephanie , Dulmage Brittany
Published: April 2024

For general dermatologists, the examination, diagnosis, and treatment of hair loss in patients with a history of cancer can be challenging. Previous and current chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and anti-cancer therapies need to be considered when developing a management strategy. Here we review strategies for reviewing patient medical histories, the incorporation trichoscopic examinations to aid with diagnosis, and special treatment considerations that do not increase risk of cancer reoccurrence. As novel anti-cancer therapeutics continue to be approved, it is imperative that dermatologists serve in support networks of patients experiencing dermatologic side effects. This article aims to aid dermatologists in the safe and effective treatment of hair-related side effects that negatively impact the survivorship of patients with cancer.
Analysis of TiO2 nanoparticles accumulation in vitro
Authors: Bogni Alessia , Ponti Jessica , Holzwart Uwe , Sachinidis Agapios , Hoffmann Susanne
Published: April 2024

The physicochemical properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) in nanoforms is often exploited as colorant in food, pharmaceuticals and other consumer products. However, the current evidence of potential hazards associated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) in nanoforms led to a ban of TiO2 as food additive in Europe. This regulatory decision has also an impact on thousands of pharmaceuticals. In the present study, we tested the internalisation, accumulation and resulting biological effects of different types of TiO2 nanomaterial in short and long-term vitro cultures. Even if we could demonstrate that all tested cell lines were able to take up and accumulate nanomaterial for a period of up to 30 days, the cellular responses using conventional in vitro tests were limited in all tested cell lines. Nevertheless, a transcriptomics study revealed that that the response to the accumulated material differed between two selected cell types. A keratinocyte like cell line reacted with a modified rate of keratinogenesis whereas the enterocyte like cell demonstrated mainly interactions with cell homeostasis. To further clarify possible harmful effects of TiO2, the study suggests analyzing cell/tissue type specific effects of TiO2.
Information security as a path to information systems efficiency
Authors: Каримов Х.Т. , Андрианов В.А. , Пермяков В.Н. , Тархова Л.М. , Урманов В.Г.
Published: April 2024

Рассматриваются вопросы, относящиеся к текущему состоянию безопасности компьютерных сетей. Производится анализ факторов, влияющих на безопасность компьютерных сетей. Поднимаются вопросы необходимости усиления безопасности компьютерных сетей и эффективности использования технологий шифрования для безопасности данных.

The article addresses the issues related to the current state of computer network security and the need to strengthen its security. An analysis of factors affecting the security of computer networks is carried out. The authors raise the question of the effectiveness of using encryption technology for data security and computer network security.
Formation of evaluation functions for solving the task of constructing directional dynamic bayesian network
Authors: Полухин П.В.
Published: April 2024

Формирование и описание оценочных функций является важной задачей определения необходимых и достаточных условий существования направленности связей между узлами байесовской сети. Применение оценочных функций различного типа позволяет оптимизировать процедуру обучения сети и определить ту функцию, которая наиболее адаптирована для конкретной сети с фиксированным набором обучающей выборки. В работе рассматриваются оценочные функции, построенные на основе логарифма правдоподобия, взаимной энтропии, а также асимптотической метрики Байеса – Дирихле. Данные функции широко применяются в процессе решения задач обучения структуры вероятностных моделей и могут быть адаптированы для определения направленности связей между узлами временных моделей, построенных на основе динамических байесовских сетей.

The formation and description of evaluation functions is an important task for determining the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of directional links between Bayesian network nodes. The use of evaluation functions of various types allows you to evaluate and optimize the network training procedure and determine the function that is most adapted for a particular network with a fixed set of training samples. The work examines evaluation functions based on the logarithm of likelihood, mutual entropy, as well as the Bayes – Dirichlet asymptotic metric. These functions are widely used in the process of solving problems of training the structure of probabilistic models and can be adapted to determine the direction of connections between nodes of temporary models built on the basis of dynamic Bayesian networks.
Methodology for intelligent planning operations with interruptions of an automated mobile data collection system
Authors: Певнева А.Г. , Обухов А.В. , Швец Т.С.
Published: April 2024

Приводится описание частной методики составления допустимого расписания работы составляющих узлов (элементов) распределенной мобильной автоматизированной системы сбора данных. Такие системы призваны выполнять задачи получения данных в различных точках местности при перемещении их по пунктам сбора данных, а длительность выполнения операций каждого узла зависит от внешних условий, например, погодных или сейсмических. Примером такой системы может служить гравиметрия, магнитометрия и сейсмометрия в точках профиля на местности. Однако, применяя принцип аналогии, можно построить модель для процесса сбора данных любой распределенной системой, в том числе специального назначения.

This paper describes a particular method for drawing up an acceptable schedule for the operation of the constituent nodes (elements) of a distributed mobile automated data collection system. Such systems are designed to perform the task of obtaining data at various points in the area, moving through data collection points, and the duration of the operations of each node depends on external conditions, for example, weather or seismic. An example of such a system is gravimetry, magnetometry and seismometry at profile points on the ground. However, using the principle of analogy, it is possible to build a similar model for the process of data collection by any distributed system, including for special purposes.
Application of software reliability assessment algorithms in IT enterprises
Authors: Расулов М.М.
Published: April 2024

Рассматривается применение алгоритмов оценки надежности программного обеспечения на предприятиях ИТ-сферы, а также различные методы оценки надежности, такие как статический анализ кода, тестирование и проверка соответствия стандартам качества. Обсуждается применение автоматизированных инструментов для оценки надежности, которые помогают ускорить процесс оценки и сократить затраты на ее проведение. Представлены примеры успешного применения этих методов и инструментов на практике, преимущества и недостатки каждого метода и даны рекомендации по выбору наиболее подходящего из них в зависимости от конкретных условий и требований проекта. Применение алгоритмов оценки надежности программного обеспечения на предприятиях ИТ-сферы может значительно повысить их качество и увеличить удовлетворенность клиентов, снизить затраты на исправление ошибок в будущем и увеличить эффективность разработки программного обеспечения.

The article discusses the application of algorithms for assessing the reliability of software at IT enterprises. Various methods of reliability assessment are considered, such as static code analysis, testing and verification of compliance with quality standards. The article addresses the use of automated tools for reliability assessment, which help to speed up the evaluation process and reduce the costs of its implementation. Such tools as a static code analyzer, automatic testing systems and tools for checking compliance with quality standards are considered. The examples of successful application of these methods and tools in practice are described. The advantages and disadvantages of each reliability assessment method are considered and recommendations are given on choosing the most appropriate method depending on the specific conditions and requirements of the project. The use of software reliability assessment algorithms at IT enterprises can significantly improve the quality of software and increase customer satisfaction. In addition, it can help reduce the cost of bug fixes in the future and increase the efficiency of software development.
Model and algorithm for ranking assessment of indicators of the main areas of cadet’s activity for special software providing «Education-MO»
Authors: Касавцев М.Ю. , Войцеховский С.В. , Дулишкин Р.М.
Published: April 2024

Разработаны модель и алгоритм, позволяющие определить интегральную рейтинговую оценку деятельности курсанта по основным видам обучения в военном вузе, которые предлагается использовать для разработки программного модуля интегральной рейтинговой оценки в специальном программном обеспечении «Образование-МО».

The authors have proposed a methodology for an integral ranking assessment of the cadet’s activity by the main types of activities at military university. The developed model and algorithm can become the basis for improving the module of integrated ranking assessment of special software “Education-MO”.
Development of a base of fuzzy rules for decision support in a problem situation in project management
Authors: Мухаметьянова Р.И. , Черняховская Л.Р. , Ризванов Д.А.
Published: April 2024

Эффективное распределение ресурсов предприятия между реализуемыми проектами в условиях ограничений, обусловленных внешней и внутренней средой предприятия, является сложной задачей, требующей применения развитого аналитического аппарата, включая методы системного анализа, онтологического анализа, методологии управления проектами и управления знаниями, методики реализации проекта. Разработка системы поддержки принятия управленческих решений позволяет повысить эффективность управления проектом на основе разработки моделей аналитической поддержки принятия решений для совершенствования процессов проектирования, производства оборудования и его последующей установки.

Efficient distribution of enterprise resources between ongoing projects under the constraints caused by the external and internal environment of the enterprise is a complex task that requires the use of complex analytical apparatus, including methods of system analysis, ontological analysis, project management and knowledge management methodology, project implementation methods. The development of a management decision support system makes it possible to increase the efficiency of project management based on the development of analytical decision support models to improve the processes of design, production of equipment and its subsequent installation.
Analysis of information resources to solving the problem of optimal selection of equipment for water purification
Authors: Сероштан С.Э.
Published: April 2024

Цель работы состоит в привлечении опыта по успешному использованию программных продуктов очистки сточных вод применительно к решению проблематики очистки питьевой воды. Выполнен совместный анализ действующих информационных программных комплексов, предназначенных для подбора технологической цепочки водоочистного оборудования. Сформулированы предложения по интеграции основных достоинств этих программных продуктов применительно к решению проблемы оптимального алгоритма подбора оборудования для очистки питьевой воды.

The purpose of the work is to apply an experience in the successful implementation of wastewater treatment software products in relation to solving the problem of potable water treatment. A joint analysis of existing information software systems designed for selecting the process chain of water treatment equipment is carried out. The article formulates the proposals for integrating the main advantages of these software products in relation to solving the problem of the optimal algorithm for selecting potable water treatment equipment.
Development of a transcription system for audio and videocontent
Authors: Елизаров Д.А.
Published: April 2024

Проведен анализ существующих систем транскрибации аудио- и видеоконтента. Разработка системы транскрибирования позволит повысить эффективность работы сотрудников, обеспечить текстовыми данными и визуализацией информации. Существующие системы на данном этапе не позволяют с высокой точностью проводить распознавание аудио- и видеофайлов, особенно при работе с файлами с посторонними шумами.

The article provides an analysis of existing systems for transcribing audio and video content. The development of a transcription system will improve the efficiency of employees, provide text data and information visualization. The existing systems at this stage do not allow high-accuracy recognition of audio and video files, especially when working with files with extraneous noise.
Interculturalidad, minería y desarrollo: lecciones y recomendaciones para un diálogo sostenible en las zonas de inversión minera en el Perú
Authors: Balbuena Patricia , Huapaya Nava Mario , Walter Martin
Published: April 2024

Las tensiones en torno a la actividad minera en el Perú son indicativas de muchos de los problemas que resultan del insuficiente diálogo intercultural en el diseño e implementación de políticas y proyectos. Ello es visible en la compleja y muchas veces tensa relación de empresas, gobiernos y comunidades en los territorios donde se realiza la minería, que incluyen indígenas, campesinos y poblaciones nativas. Se contraponen en esos espacios distintas visiones sobre justicia distributiva y sobre desarrollo económico, social y ambiental sostenible. Este documento hace una revisión del estado de la cuestión y marcos teóricos sobre la relación de poblaciones locales rurales y/o indígenas con las empresas mineras, partiendo por su identificación geográfica y la superposición de territorios indígenas y proyectos. Se presentan datos de fuentes oficiales y sugerencias para mejorar las estrategias de relacionamiento e implementar acciones para promover el crecimiento sostenible e inclusivo para el Estado, las empresas mineras y las comunidades de Perú. Los resultados de este trabajo resultan de un trabajo de campo enfocado en analizar prácticas y poner en valor la pluralidad de perspectivas como insumo clave para el desarrollo. Se proponen acciones y políticas públicas y privadas que permitan fortalecer colectivamente la visibilidad de la diversidad cultural como un elemento complejo y positivo en la gestión social para la minería y el desarrollo territorial.
Does Income Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean Drive Disproportionate Energy Consumption?
Authors: Balza Lenin , Castro Vargas Sofía , Gómez Parra Nicolás , Jimenez Mori Raul Alberto , Manzano Osmel , Serebrisky Tomás
Published: April 2024

We examine the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean using panel data from 1971 to 2019. Employing both parametric and non-parametric methods, we find a robust positive correlation between Latin America and the Caribbean's economic activity and energy consumption. Specifically, a 1% increase in income is associated with a 0.4% increase in total energy use in the short term, rising to a 0.9% in the long term. Further analysis highlights that Latin America and the Caribbean countries consistently display higher income elasticities compared to other global regions and this relationship exhibits discernible non-linearities. A temporal breakdown indicates an increased correlation in Latin America and the Caribbean post-1991 confirming the non-linear, region-specific, and temporally evolving characteristics of the income-energy relationship. Our results are robust to multiple methodological approaches and to variations in how income and consumption are measured. These findings hold significant implications for energy policy in the region, especially in the context of climate change mitigation efforts.
Gender-Based Research and Interviewer Effects: Evidence for Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Guizzo Altube Matías , Scartascini Carlos
Published: April 2024

As the measurement of public opinion and attitudes toward gender issues has gained increasing attention in gender policy and research, the accurate design, implementation, and analysis of survey data has become paramount. In this paper, we examine the impact of the gender of the interviewer on survey responses in Latin America and the Caribbean, both individually and in the aggregate, using data from the LAPOP surveys (2012-2018). We also present a formal model that illustrates how the gender of the interviewer may influence responses and derive an optimal adjustment in survey design and analysis to account for this bias. Our findings highlight the substantial influence of social norms on gender opinions, revealing that respondents are more likely to overestimate men's abilities in politics relative to women's and to accept domestic violence when interviewed by men rather than women. Two key actions emerge as a corollary: survey firms should always provide the gender of the interviewer in their data, and researchers should adjust for this bias in their analysis. Without implementing these recommended practices, survey data may not accurately reflect what individuals in the region think about gender issues, potentially skewing behaviors and public policy.
Bioeconomy firms and where to find them
Authors: Kriesch Lukas , Losacker Sebastian
Published: April 2024

The bioeconomy represents a transformative approach to economic development and sustainability by harnessing biological resources and knowledge to produce goods, services, and energy while reducing dependence on non-renewable resources. In order to understand and support the bioeconomy, scholars and policymakers rely on an accurate measurement and monitoring of biobased economic activities. However, existing statistical frameworks and industry classifications often fall short in capturing the unique characteristics and complexities of the bioeconomy. This article addresses this challenge by developing a methodological approach for comprehensive measurement and mapping of biobased economic activities. We build a novel data set of bioeconomy firms in Germany using web-mining and machine learning techniques. This data set enables detailed analysis of biobased economic activities, providing valuable insights into the spatial organization of the bioeconomy. The paper demonstrates the applicability of the data set by testing several stylized facts about the bioeconomy. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the bioeconomy's regional impacts and offers a valuable resource for policymakers and researchers interested in understanding the geography of biobased economic activities. We make an aggregated version of the data set freely available online.
Guía ilustrada de fauna de los Cerros Orientales de Bogotá
Authors: Pinto-Sánchez Nelsy Rocío
Published: April 2024

Los Cerros Orientales representan una gran oferta de biodiversidad para Bogotá y para la región andina. Sobre la cordillera oriental se encuentra ubicada la capital de Colombia, conocida por sus grandes edificios y empresas. Sin duda, una ciudad que da albergue a muchas personas. Llama la atención que, dentro de la ciudad y sus alrededores, aún se encuentran zonas que cuentan con las condiciones para que varias especies convivan cerca de nosotros. Sin embargo, estas especies están amenazadas por la contaminación ocasionada por las fábricas a los ríos y al aire, y por la fragmentación que se ha generado en el territorio para implementar industrias de los sectores de la construcción, ganadería y agricultura. Adicionalmente, algunas especies son vulnerables debido a que hemos crecido con algunos mitos urbanos que las asocian a enfermedades y a malos agüeros. Por tal motivo, estudiantes de la asignatura de Taxonomía animal elaboran esta cartilla, dirigida a jóvenes, con el fin de que conozcan las especies que nos rodean y se apropien de las mismas. Esta se encuentra dividida a su vez en cuatro cartillas que están organizadas de acuerdo con la forma como se fueron originando las especies; inicia con los organismos acuáticos, los peces; luego, presenta los primeros conquistadores de la tierra, los anfibios; posteriormente, los reptiles y; finalmente, los mamíferos. Exponen información asociada a características morfológicas básicas que permiten diferenciar las especies, además de mostrar algunos datos ecológicos y de distribución de estas. Por último, se traen a colación algunos mitos urbanos para demostrar con argumentos si son verdaderos o falsos. Esperamos que estas cartillas sean de gran utilidad y que aporten un grano de arena en pro de la conservación de las especies que nos rodean.
Роль геодезии в строительстве и кадастровой деятельности
Authors: Гученко В.Р. , Кузнецова А.С. , Чайка М.И. , Беркова Е.Д. , Коломыцев А.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается влияние геодезии на сферы строительства и кадастра, которые являют одними из базисов экономики страны и современного народного хозяйства. Показывается важность данной науки, ее влияние и сущность.