bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ballıklızâde Ahmed Mâhir Efendi’nin el-Muhkem fî Şerhi’l-Hikem Adlı Eserinde İşârî Tefsir
Authors: GÖRGÜLÜ Faruk
Published: October 2023

Ahmed Mâhir Efendi Osmanlı’nın son dönemlerinde Kastamonu’da yetişmiş çok yönlü bir âlimdir. O, hem hayatının bir bölümünü geçirdiği Kastamonu’da hem de üst düzey devlet görevlerinde bulunduğu İstanbul’da gerek ilim adamlığı ve gerekse siyasetçi kimliği ile temayüz etmiş bir şahsiyettir. Aynı zamanda mutasavvıf ve şair kimliği de olan Ahmed Mâhir, eserleri, fikirleri ve yetiştirdiği öğrencileriyle Osmanlı’nın ilim ve kültür dünyasına önemli katkılar sunmuş birisidir. Uzun bir süre Kastamonu ve İstanbul’daki medreselerde ve Dârulfünun’da müderris ve şeyhülkurrâ unvanıyla başta tefsir ve kıraat olmak üzere, kelam ve hadis dersleri vermiştir. Ahmed Mâhir, İbn Atâullah el-İskenderî’nin tasavvuf klasikleri arasında yer alan el-Hikemü’l-Atâiyye isimli eserini şerh ederek edebi yönünü de göstermiştir. Nazımla nesir arası bir tarzda yazılmış olan bu eserin ilk manzum Osmanlıca Türkçe çevirisi de onun tarafından yapılmıştır. Ahmed Mâhir’in el-Muhkem fî şerhi’l-Hikem ismini verdiği bu eserinde her ne kadar tasavvufun temel kavram ve ıstılahları ele alınsa da eserin içeriği, konuların işleniş tarzı, sıklıkla âyetlere yapılan atıflar ve bunlara getirilen yorumlar, söz konusu eserin işârî tefsir açısından da ele alınmasının faydalı olacağını düşündürmüştür. Ahmed Mâhir’in el-Muhlem fî şerhil’l-Hikem isimli eserinde işârî tefsir yaklaşımının ele alındığı bu çalışmamızda, konunun önemini ve çerçevesini belirten giriş kısmından sonra müellifin ilmî ve tasavvufî kişiliği ele alınarak araştırmamamıza zemin oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha sonraki aşamada Ahmed Mâhir’in tefsirciliğine değinilmiş, onun bu alanda telif ettiği eserlerden hareketle tefsirci yönü ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında ise araştırmamıza mesnet teşkil eden eserin işârî tefsir açısından önemi vurgulanmış, ardından konuya dair bazı örnekler verilerek âyetlere yüklenen tasavvufi anlamlar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Yeryüzünün İlk Mabedinin Kâbe Olduğu Düşüncesini Kur'an'dan Temellendirebilme İmkânı
Authors: AĞKUŞ Yusuf
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada Kâbe’nin yeryüzünün ilk mabedi olduğu düşüncesini Kur’an’dan temellendirebilme imkânı araştırılmıştır. Kâbe’nin kutsiyeti hakkında olmasa da ne zaman ve kim tarafından yapıldığı hususunda Müslümanlar arasında bir ihtilafın olduğu görülmektedir. Bu konuda âlimlerin bir kısmı hatta büyük çoğunluğu Kâbe’nin yeryüzünün ilk mabedi olduğu düşüncesini savunurken, bir kısmı da Kâbe’nin Hz. İbrahim zamanında, Hz. İbrahim tarafından yapıldığını savunmaktadır. “Kâbe’nin yeryüzünde yapılmış ilk mabet” olduğu fikrinin Kur’an’a dayandığını savunan bir Müslümanın Kâbe’den önce yapılmış herhangi bir mabedin olabileceği fikrini tasvip etmesi mümkün değildir. Dolayısıyla çalışma neticesinde ulaşılacak sonuca binaen böyle bir düşünceyi dillendirmenin tefsir ilmi açısından mahzurlu olup olmayacağı cevap bulmuş olacaktır. Kâbe’nin ne zaman yapıldığı meselesinde daha çok Bakara Suresi 2/127, Âl-i İmrân Suresi 96, İbrâhîm Suresi 14/37, Hac Suresi 22/26, 29 ve 33. ayetler referans alınmaktadır. Ancak tartışma daha çok Âl-i İmrân Suresi’nin 96. ayeti üzerinden sürdürülmektedir. Bununla birlikte literal okuma yapıldığında ayetin zahirinin daha çok mutlak anlamda zamansal bir öncelliğe işaret ettiği görüldüğünden çalışmada önce ayrıntılı bir şekilde bu ayet daha sonra da diğer ayetler incelenmiştir. Kâbe’nin ne zaman yapıldığıyla ilgili nakledilen rivayetler inceleyeceğimiz ayetin anlaşılmasında hayati öneme sahip olmaları nedeniyle öncelikle bu rivayetler tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan dokümantasyon çalışmasıyla da ilgili ayetin tefsir külliyatında nasıl anlaşıldığı aktarılmaya ve olabildiğince analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili rivayetler, sebeb-i nüzul bilgisi, bağlam, filolojik izahlar, müfessirlerin konuyla ilgili farklı yorumları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda söz konusu ayette Kâbe’nin Beyt-i Makdis’ten önceliğine ve üstünlüğüne vurgu yapıldığını söylemek mümkünken, ayetin kesin olarak “yeryüzünde yapılan ilk mabedin Kâbe olduğuna” işaret ettiğini söylemek mümkün değildir. Netice itibariyle konumuz olan ayetler ve ilgili rivayetler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda Kâbe’den önce yapılmış çeşitli mabetlerin olabileceğini dillendirmenin tefsir ilmi açısından sorun teşkil etmeyeceği söylenebilir.
On the struggle of the NKVD troops against sabotage and espionage on the railways during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Potemkin Igor , Kolpakov Petr
Published: October 2023

The article reveals the historical experience of counteraction of the NKVD troops for the protection of railways to sabotage actions and the activity of Nazi agents within the steel highways of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of the study is determined by the strategic importance of railway transport in the context of ensuring state security, as well as the need to analyze and generalize the service and combat activities of law enforcement troops in war conditions within steel highways.
Tactility in Perception of Biobased Composites
Authors: Thundathil Manu , Nazmi Ali Reza , Shahri Bahareh , Emerson Nick , Müssig Jörg , Huber Tim
Published: October 2023

Biobased composites, which are sustainable alternatives to fossil-based raw materials could gain acceptance in high-value products if their perceptual handicaps could be overcome. To do this, a deeper understanding of material-attribute relationships and the role of various senses in the formation of biocomposite perception needs to be established. This paper focuses on the role of tactility in contrast with visual stimuli and examines the perceptual qualities that are influenced by tactility. This receives extra attention in e-commerce, which only provides a visual representation of materials/products for the consumers to perceive. The semantic differential method was used to assess users’ perception of various material-attribute correlations. The analysis revealed a significant impact of tactility in the formation of certain attributes such as naturality, roughness and strength, while attributes like beauty and complexity remain less affected and visual-dominant. A clustering analysis revealed higher accuracy in identifying material characteristics in visual-tactile mode. This study also revealed that tactility is a key influence in the perception of naturality, and hence marketing plans for products with eco-credentials could benefit from strategies highlighting and promoting their tactile characteristics. This could also help product designers select the ideal biobased composite suited to communicate desired perceptual qualities.
Tác động của đồng tiền “bác ái” đối với nghị sự nghiên cứu bảo vệ môi sinh
Authors: Cường N. P. K.
Published: October 2023

Các quỹ bác ái đang đóng vai trò ngày càng quan trọng trong việc tài trợ cho các hoạt động môi trường. Trước sự xuất hiện của các nhà tài trợ mới và cam kết tài trợ ngày càng tăng của họ cho việc bảo tồn, chống biến đổi khí hậu và các vấn đề môi trường khác, việc tìm hiểu các quỹ bác ái có thể định hình và có tác động như thế nào đối với các chương trình nghị sự bảo vệ môi trường là điều cấp thiết.
What you don't know can't hurt you: Retro-cues benefit working memory regardless of prior knowledge in long-term memory
Authors: Loaiza Vanessa Maria , Cheung Hiu Wah , Goldenhaus-Manning David
Published: October 2023

Knowledge stored in long-term memory (LTM) impacts working memory (WM) overall, but it is unclear whether LTM facilitates focusing or switching attention in WM. We addressed this question using the retro-cue paradigm: Briefly presented arrays of individually calibrated numbers of shapes (concrete or abstract) were followed by a blank retention interval (no-cue) or a retro-cue to focus participants’ attention to the to-be-probed shape. Experiment 3 included double retro-cue trials that required participants to switch their attention to a different shape. Participants recalled the color (Experiments 1) or location (Experiment 2) of the probed shape, or recognized the target shape among two other options (Experiment 3). Confirming the overall LTM effect on WM, fewer abstract shapes were needed to match the performance of concrete shapes during the calibration phase. Most importantly, retro-cues benefitted performance regardless of the nature of the shape, suggesting that LTM impacts WM overall without moderating attention.
Using Information Theory to Understand the Processing Limitations of Cognitive Agents
Authors: Williams Andy E
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a theoretical exploration of the limitations of individual cognitive agents (humans or eventually AGI) in the face of collective intelligence, utilizing principles from Information Theory (IT). Through an evaluation of the relationship between signal information rate (R) and channel capacity (B), the study provides an argument based on Shannon's theorem indicating that signals with information rates vastly exceeding the channel's capacity cannot be reliably transmitted. This analogy is extended to human cognition and potentially to AGI, proposing that problem definitions and solutions existing at potentially exponentially higher resolutions in the collective conceptual space, as assumed might be the case if deduced by a hypothetical General Collective Intelligence (GCI) platform capable of organizing N cognitive agents into a network with exponentially greater intelligence than any individual cognitive agent (any human and eventually any AGI), cannot reliably be discerned by individual cognitive agents. The paper further discusses the implications of this result, suggesting that a GCI platform might offer a more reliable method for defining complex problems and discovering their solutions, where both might be beyond the reach of individual cognitive capacities. Though, the underlying models of both individual and collective conceptual spaces are still under development and have not been empirically validated, this is still potentially significant due to its implications on problems that might be above the cognitive complexity manageable by individual cognitive agents, such as keeping a super-intelligent AI safe and aligned with collective human well-being. The research concludes by emphasizing the potential significance of GCI platforms in addressing other challenges of monumental scale potentially requiring a similar network based approach to adaptive problem-solving, while highlighting the need for further research in conceptual space modeling and its applications in AI and AGI systems.
A Standard Framework for Social Cognition: interoperable algorithms for inference and representation
Authors: Barnby Joseph M , Alon Nitay , Bellucci Gabriele , Schilbach Leonhard , Frith Chris D. , Bell Vaughan
Published: October 2023

Interpersonal relationships are a central feature of what it is to be human. Theory of Mind (ToM), or mentalising, is the ability to represent the hidden thoughts and beliefs of the self and others to navigate these relationships. However, to date there is no common set of formal principles that can be used to understand interpersonal relationships across context, disorder, and diversity, and in humans and artificial agents. Here we synthesise previously distinct components of social representation and inference from a broad range of past works into a common computational framework – the Standard Framework for Social Cognition - to allow translation across previously disparate processes, and to provide a starting point for local theories. We discuss applications of our standard framework to problems regarding dysfunctional theory of mind, neural implementation, artificial intelligence, and discuss potential future directions for the field.
Capturing The Social Life of a Person by Integrating Experience Sampling Methodology and Personal Social Network Assessments
Authors: Stadel Marie , Bringmann Laura Francina , Stulp Gert , Elmer Timon , Verdonck Stijn , Mestdagh Merijn , van Duijn Marijtje
Published: October 2023

The daily social life of a person can be captured with different methodologies. Two methods that are especially promising are personal social network (PSN) data collection and experience sampling methodology (ESM). While PSN data collections ask participants to provide information on their social relationships and broader social environment, ESM studies collect intensive longitudinal data on social interactions in daily life using multiple short surveys per day. In combination, the two methods enable detailed insights into someone’s social life, including information on interactions with specific interaction partners from the personal network.Despite many potential uses of such data integration, there are few studies to date using the two methods in conjunction. This is likely due to their complexity and lack of software that allows capturing the full social life of someone while keeping the burden for participants and researchers sufficiently low.In this paper, we report on the development of methodology and software for an ESM/PSN integration within the established ESM tool m-Path. We describe results of a first study using the developed tool which illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method combination and show that participants consider the assessments insightful. We further outline study design choices and ethical considerations when combining the two methodologies. We hope to encourage applications of the presented methods in research and practice across different fields.
COVID-19 stress and cognitive failures in daily life: A multilevel examination of within- and between-persons patterns
Authors: Majeed Nadyanna M. , Kasturiratna K. T. A. Sandeeshwara , Li Ming Yao , Chia Jonathan Louis , Lua Verity Y. Q. , Hartanto Andree
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed an extremely high number of lives worldwide, causing widespread panic and stress. The current research examined whether COVID-19 stress was associated with everyday cognitive failures, using data from a seven-day daily diary study of 253 young adults in Singapore. Multilevel modelling revealed that COVID-19 stress was significantly associated with cognitive failures even after adjusting for demographic factors, both at the within-person and between-persons levels. Specifically, individuals experienced more cognitive failures on days they experienced more COVID-19 stress (as compared to their own average levels of COVID-19 stress), and individuals who experienced more COVID-19 stress overall (as compared to individuals who experienced less COVID-19 stress overall) experienced more cognitive failures in general. While a large body of work has evidenced the detrimental effects of COVID-19 stress on individuals’ well-being, the current findings provide novel insights that these stressors may negatively impact individuals’ cognitive functioning as well.
Correlation Between Body Fat Composition and Blood Pressure Level Among Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Tiwari Indu , Bhattarai Anshu , Karmacharya Poonam , Gurung Preetu
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIncrease in body fat is a common finding in young adults due to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits predisposing an individual to increase in blood pressure which is a common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between body fat composition and BP level in young adults.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among 350 students of Manipal College of Medical Sciences from January to June, 2020. A structured proforma was used to collect the required information about the subjects and measurement of height, weight, waist and hip circumference, BP was done following standard methods. Body fat percentage was assessed by skinfold thickness.ResultsThe prevalence of were overweight and obesity was found to be 35.14%. Systolic, diastolic and combined hypertension was found in 64.7%, 53.26% and 57.64% respectively, in overweight and obese population. Increase in body fat percentage in boys and increase in waist hip ratio in girls showed no correlation with increase in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. However, increase in BMI was strongly correlated (p<0.05) with increase in all the measures of blood pressure- systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure.ConclusionsBody mass index is a better predictor of increased blood pressure level than body fat percentage and waist hip ratio.
Comparative Study on Postoperative Recovery Profiles of Desflurane and Sevoflurane Using I-GEL in Elective Ambulatory Surgeries
Authors: Paul Suprotik , Saikia Mousumi , Nayak Sushil Kumar , Dutta Swarup , Biswas Chaitali
Published: October 2023

Introduction: In providing general anesthesia for ambulatory surgery, the goal is to achieve optimal surgical conditions while ensuring a rapid early recovery without side effects. Desflurane and sevoflurane are proven as effective ambulatory inhalational anesthetic agents. The aim of this research is to investigate and compared the hemodynamic stability, postoperative outcome and airway responses in elective ambulatory surgeries in patients receiving anesthesia with desflurane or sevoflurane using I-Gel supraglottic airway.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 60 patients of age 18 – 50 years undergoing ambulatory surgeries under general anesthesia, randomly allocated into 2 equal groups receiving desflurane (Group D) or sevoflurane (Group S) for maintenance of anesthesia with suitable size I-Gel. Patients were monitored for hemodynamic parameters and postoperative recovery profile using fast track criteria (FTC) score at different time intervals. Pearson’s Chi Square test and Mann- Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean time taken for postoperative recovery characteristics were significantly lower in Group D than Group S (p<0.001).The FTC score was significantly higher (p<0.001) in Group D than Group S at all-time intervals for 30 minutes. The requirement of additional analgesics was 46.7% in Group D and 60% in Group S (p>0.301) and that of antiemetic was 30% in Group D and 26.67% in Group S (p>0.774).Conclusions: Desflurane showed superior postoperative recovery characteristics and better FTC score without any increase in adverse airway events than sevoflurane.
Utilization of Postnatal Care Services among Mothers Residing in Morang District, Nepal
Authors: Limbu Chandrakala , Kuwar Chanchala , Shrestha Sapana , Shrestha Neha , Fyak Sanjita
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Post-natal care is regarded as the care provided to the mother and the baby during first six weeks of childbirth. Large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occur during postnatal period. The utilization of postnatal care services helps in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths. The study aim to find out the utilization of postnatal care services among postnatal mothers residing in Morang district, Nepal.Methods: A Cross sectional study was undertaken among 256 postnatal mothers residing in Kanepokhari rural municipality, Belbari and Sundarharaincha municipality of Morang district. Multi stage sampling method was used. Ethical approval was obtained from PUSHS- Institutional review committee (Ref no 041—078/079). Face to face interview was done using self developed semi structure questionnaire to collect the data. Descriptive statistics were performed and chi –square was done. Multivariable logistic regression was doneResults: Nearly half (47.3%) had utilized the postnatal care services. Very few (6.6%) of the respondents were aware about the importance about the PNC utilization. Most (85.2%) of the respondents were unaware about the government protocol of PNC visit. Educational level, duration of stay at hospital parity, danger sign seen in pregnancy, place of delivery and mode of delivery were associated with having utilization of postnatal services. The primi mothers (95% CI: 1.229-0.403) had higher likelihood of having postnatal care utilization.Conclusions: Nearly half postnatal mothers have utilized the postnatal care services. Awareness programme focusing on government protocol for postnatal services should be done to improve the utilization.
Knowledge of Nurses towards Post-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV infection at a Tertiary Health Care Center
Authors: Shrestha Sirjana
Published: October 2023

IntroductionAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus in which progressive failure of immune system allows life threatening opportunistic infection and cancer to thrive. Post exposure prophylaxis is preventive medical treatment recommended immediately after exposure to a pathogen. The objective of this research is to assess the level of knowledge regarding PEP of HIV among nurses.MethodsAn analytical cross sectional study was conducted among 164 nurses to assess the knowledge regarding PEP of HIV among nurses at the College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur. Data was collected using probability random sampling using self-structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed using in statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23 using descriptive and inferential statistical tools.ResultsAmong the 164 nurses, more than half (56.1%) were in the age 20-25years and had completed their PCL Nursing. Likewise, 35.4% had 2-4 years of experience. Also, 55.5% had a moderate level of knowledge, 18.9% had an inadequate level and 25.6% had adequate knowledge of PEP of HIV. The result of mean ± SD of knowledge was 11.18±3.125. There is statistically significant association between levels of knowledge with working area and total working experience.ConclusionsThe study shows that only 25.6% had adequate knowledge regarding PEP of HIV. Therefore, nurses should be up to date with their knowledge; engage in workshop and training programs periodically.
Clinical Profile of Children with Thalassemia Admitted for Blood Transfusion at a Tertiary Health Care Center
Authors: Tiwari Damodar , Gupta Sweta Kumari , Thapa Narayan Bahadur , Devkota Kiran
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThalassemia is a prevalent hereditary hematological disorder that is characterized by a reduction or absence of globin chain synthesis. The objective of this study is to determine the clinical profile of children with thalassemia who undergo repeated packed cell transfusions.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January 1, 2023, to May 31, 2023, in the Pediatric ward at Bharatpur Hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Bharatpur Hospital (Ref: 078/79-018). A total of 53 cases of Thalassemia, who were receiving regular blood transfusions, were included in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of thalassemia was 3.68% (with 95% CI 2.7% to 4.65%). The average age at diagnosis was 15.58 months, with a range of 2 to 97 months. The majority of cases, 32 (60.37%), were diagnosed before the age of one year, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. Thalassemia was more prevalent in the Tharu community (58.5%) compared to other communities.
ConclusionsThalassemia is a hematological disorder that predominantly affects the Tharu community. Common clinical manifestations of transfusion-dependent thalassemia in children include pallor, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and facial deformities. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor serum ferritin levels to detect iron overload early and initiate chelation therapy promptly to prevent complications. Such measures can significantly improve the quality of life of affected individuals and reduce the burden of this genetic disorder on affected communities.
Effect of Intrathecal Fentanyl on Shivering During Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Thapa Ajay Singh , Sah Rakesh , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Bhattarai Anish
Published: October 2023

IntroductionPerioperative shivering is a common complication following spinal anesthesia. Apart from the obvious discomfort, shivering is associated with a number of potentially deleterious sequels. The objective of this research is to study the effect of intrathecal fentanyl on shivering.
MethodsRetrospectively two hundred patients were included and divided into two equal groups. In group A, 3.5 ml of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine was mixed with 25 mcg (0.5 ml) of fentanyl to make 4 ml solution out of which the enrolled patients received 3.5 ml of the mixed solution. Group B received 3.5 ml of 0.5% plain heavy bupivacaine. Modified bedside shivering assessment scale was used to score the intensity of shivering.ResultsIn group A, 16 patients (16%) had severe shivering, 30 patients (30%) had moderate shivering and 46 (46%) had mild shivering. Rest of the patients (8%) did not experience shivering. In group B, all the patients had shivering. Severe shivering was observed in 28 patients (28%), moderate shivering was observed in 62 patients (62%) and mild shivering in 10 patients (10%).ConclusionsFentanyl as an adjuvant to heavy bupivacaine during spinal anesthesia decreases the incidence and severity of shivering compared to bupivacaine alone.
Displacement and Violation of Inalienable Rights in Alan Gratz’s Refugee
Authors: Marasini Bishnu
Published: October 2023

Refugees are human beings but not citizens of the nation; they are left in no man's land and treated as traitor, criminal and animal. Even though, human rights about refugees are penned in different charter, such rights are not implemented appropriately. They leave their nation longing for survival; however many countries do not let them to enter their territory. Their right in home country is absconded and their identity of being citizen is confiscated and they are left to live the bare life. Those who are lucky to flee from the home have to face grave troubles and violence from police, and the state rules and regulations violating the International Human Rights of right to live the dignified life. This article analyzes the solemn issues from the perspective of Derrida, Kant, and Hannah Ardent, who explicitly urges about the rights of refugee and their survivals in Alan Gratz novel Refugee.
Impact of Working Capital Management on Profitability of Non-Financial Firms
Authors: Khadka Srijana , Khadka Ajaya Kumar
Published: October 2023

The managers of today's non-financial enterprises are more concerned with working capital management. This study used a descriptive and comparative causal research approach to examine working capital management's effect on profitability. Regression and correlation test was performed for 15 observations from three non-financial institutions based on a purposive sample design. The result shows a strong positive correlation between the current ratio (CR) and returns on assets (ROA), cash conversion cycle (CCC), receivable conversion period (RCP), and payable deferral period (PDP) have no significant correlation. Regression results show that CR, PDP, and CCC are significant predictors of ROA, and RCP has no significant effect. It is recommended that non-financial managers focus on maintaining a favorable current ratio while reducing the cash conversion cycle and optimizing payment periods. By doing so, they can improve their firm's liquidity position, effectively manage cash flow, and ultimately enhance profitability.
Projection of “Dibya Upadesh” of Prithvi Narayan Shah: Lessons for Small State Diplomacy in Contemporary World Affairs
Authors: Jayshwal Vijya Prasad , Shah Seema Kumari
Published: October 2023

The narratives of small state diplomacy are not a recent phenomenon in international relations and world affairs. The projection of state like Nepal in classical era as 'sandwich' between two giant economy was classical reflection of it. Nepal has always observed and followed the balanced foreign policy with neighbours and also with external entities and it was a clear idea in Dibya Upadesh of late King Prithvi Narayan Shah which is still relevant and contextual. The small state diplomacy has been a subject of contestation and a discourse to locate the role of small state in international relations and foreign affairs. The collective growth of small states seems challenging in contemporary affairs. Nepal is projected as a small state qualifying all criteria to be considered or defined as small state. The diplomatic move played in past was literally an articulated step for presenting power of small states in world affairs. The reflection in Upadesh is also an ancient depiction of it. This paper has analysed the projection of Nepal as small state and its relevancy in contemporary world affairs.
Leptina, obesidad y enfermedades cardiovasculares
Authors: Mejia-Montilla Jorly , Reyna-Villasmil Nadia , Fernández-Ramírez Andreina , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: October 2023

La obesidad está asociada con el síndrome metabólico, la hipertensión, la aterosclerosis y las enfermedades del corazón. El tejido adiposo funciona como un órgano endocrino al secretar múltiples proteínas inmunomoduladoras conocidas como adipocinas, que pueden actuar en forma directa sobre órganos cercanos o remotos. La búsqueda de las funciones de las diferentes adipocinas ha permitido establecer la relación entre obesidad y enfermedades cardiovasculares. La primera conduce a mayor expresión de algunas adipocinas proinflamatorias y disminución de otras antiinflamatorias, dando como resultado el desarrollo de un estado inflamatorio crónico de bajo grado. Algunas adipocinas disminuyen su expresión en sujetos obesos. Sin embargo, la leptina la aumenta en obesidad y promueve complicaciones relacionadas con esta. Estudios clínicos y experimentales indican que la leptina contribuye al desarrollo de cardiopatía isquémica y ejerce acciones perniciosas en las enfermedades cardiovasculares relacionadas con la obesidad.
Identification of the Overall Slope Pit Angle Value for Erosion Control in Disposal Land
Authors: Rianto Doli Jumat , Marwadi Aji , Linggasari Shenny
Published: October 2023

Open-pit mining can cause changes in environmental conditions, especially in disposal land. The formation of gully erosion on disposal land tends to increase as the area of open land increases. The aim of this research is to calculate the amount of erosion and the geometry of the bench terrace as a form of recommendation for reducing the rate of erosion. The methodology used is the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) method approach in predicting the amount of erosion and an empirical approach in providing recommendations to reduce the rate of erosion for conservation measures in the form of bench terraces. The results showed that the erosion formed on disposal land was 123.43 tons/ha/year with a range of 60-180 tons/ha/year in the category of moderate erosion hazard. While for the dimensions of bench terraces recommended on disposal land, the overall slope pit angle value was 46,60 with a maximum single slope pit angle on the bench of 600 (16.6%). Bench dimensions in the form of bench terraces will have a major influence on the overall slope pit angle value formed. The smaller the width of the bench formed with the single slope pit angle, the greater the value of the overall slope pit angle formed. In addition to the width of the bench that affects the value of the overall slope pit angle is the height of the disposal slope. The height of the disposal slope will be directly proportional to the decrease in the overall pit angle slope, to the number of benches formed. With soil conservation measures in the form of traditional terraces in the form of bench terraces with a value factor of 0.4 in open land without vegetation, it can decrease from 123.43% (tons/ha/year) to 49.37 tons/ha/year ranging from 15-60 tons/ha/year with the category of low erosion hazard level, and or about 39% reduction in erosion that occurs.
Optimized Drainage System Design for Andesite Mining at PT. Rolas Nusantara Tambang, Kejayan, East Java
Authors: Melang Antonius Longan , Sari Avellyn Shinthya , Fanani Yazid
Published: October 2023

This study presents a systematic approach to designing a filtration system aimed at efficiently managing rainwater and surface runoff outside mining areas. Utilizing a quantitative method, the data collection predominantly involves secondary sources. The data is processed through a series of steps: rainfall projection, delineation of rainwater catchment areas, calculation of rainfall intensity and inflow rate, and determination of open channel and settling pond dimensions. The designed open channels have a trapezoidal shape with specific dimensions including a base width of 0.51 m, a side length of 0.62 m, a slope angle of 60°, and a channel depth of 0.54 m. These channels span a total length of 2.216 m. The accompanying settling ponds are rectangular with dimensions encompassing a length of 31 m, a width of 11 m, a depth of 6 m, and an area of 341 m². These ponds have a volume capacity of 2,046 m³, achieving an impressive 90.89% efficiency. Notably, maintenance of the settling pond involves periodic dredging using the Kobelco SK200 Excavator at intervals of roughly 16 years (5,817 days). Given that this maintenance duration surpasses the expected mine lifespan, no further interventions are required for the pond during the mine's operational period.
Reclamation Plan for Production Operation Phase of Quartz Sand Mine in Riau Islands
Authors: Pratiwi Dita Irwanti , Nurcholis Mohammad
Published: October 2023

PT. X is a quartz sand mining company located in Riau Islands. PT. X has a mine life of 5 years, starting in the first year of 2023 until the last year of 2027. Mining activities have a negative impact on the environment, therefore reclamation activities are carried out at the production operation stage. The purpose of this study is to determine the area of land to be reclaimed, techniques and equipment to be used in reclamation, land stewardship, revegetation, maintenance, and reclamation costs. This research uses the actual calculation method this method has 4 stages, namely the preparation stage, the data collection stage, the research stage in the field, and the stage of preparing the final report. At the data collection stage using primary and secondary data owned by PT.X. Reclamation of the production operation stage carried out by PT. X uses Hybrid Coconut plants. Hybrid coconut will be reclaimed on former mining land during the life of the mine whose work process is carried out in tandem with quartz sand mining activities. The reclamation cost plan of PT. X consists of direct costs and indirect costs. The total cost plan of reclamation of PT. X amounted to Rp. 583,799,620.00.
A Complication in Gastric Bypass: Gastro-Jejunal Twist
Authors: Gioia Gianfranco
Published: October 2023

The gastric bypass operation is an effective procedure to achieve weight loss in overweight patients. But long-term chronic complications after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are possible, such as König’s syndrome or candy cane syndrome.
Network of sexual violence in the literature from 2020 to 2023
Authors: Hernández Valdés Jorge
Published: October 2023

The discussion and specification of a model for the study of reproductive choice was the objective of the present work. A documentary study was conducted with an intentional selection of sources indexed to Dialnet, Latindex, Publindex, Redalyc and Scielo from 2020 to 2023. The relationship between the calculation of costs and benefits with risk behaviors was established, although the design of the investigation limited the discussion with the literature consulted, suggesting the extension of the work based on the information published in Copernicus, Ebsco, Scopus and WoS.
Treatment with Colchicine in an Undiagnosed 45-year-old Female Patient with Diffuse Abdominal and Flank Pain for more than 5 years
Authors: Osman  AVCI Ali
Published: October 2023

A 45-year-old female patient living abroad has severe abdominal and flank pain that persists for more than 5 years and recurs several times a month. She never had a fever when the pain developed. For more than 5 years, no pathology was detected in the patient's blood and urine tests, abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography. Analgesics and antispasmodics used for the patient's pain are not effective at all, and the patient is relieved with narcotic analgesics in every painful attack. Finally, the patient who came to our hospital with severe abdominal and flank pain was first relieved with narcotic analgesics due to her detailed history, then blood, urine tests and abdominal ultrasound were performed, but no pathology was detected. Considering the possibility of atypical FMF, colchicine treatment was considered for the patient. With the patient's approval, oral 0.6 mg of colchicine was started 3 times a day and the patient were followed up. At the controls 1 week, 1 month and 3 months later, it was observed that the patient did not have any painful attacks, and no colchicine-related side effects were observed. FMF not only progresses with painful attacks, but also amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, which is a fatal complication, can affect the kidneys and cause kidney failure. Therefore, colchicine treatment should be tried before narcotic analgesics in all patients with abdominal and flank pain who have normal examination findings, laboratory tests and radiological imaging findings, and even negative FMF gene analysis.
Trial pitfall traps of the Middle Ages on the example of a group of pits Kogonchinskoye 18
Authors: Balaba Inna , Kardash Oleg , Palyanov Petr
Published: October 2023

Летом 2018  г. в  Сургутском районе ХМАО-Югры были проведены археологические раскопки группы впадин Когончинское 18. Выявлены и изучены остатки двух сооружений. Предположительно, это действовавшая ловчая яма и незавершенная, между которыми находились остатки кострища с костями животных. Материалы позволяют воссоздать форму и размеры одного из сооружений. Возраст объекта, вероятно, локализуется в пределах XII–XIV вв. Авторами выдвинута гипотеза о функционировании одиночных ям-ловушек как пробных сооружений для определения эффективности охоты на новых территориях.
The group of depressions Krivaya 3 of the Middle Ages (the excavation results of an above-ground non-residential construction on the left bank of the Ob river 2017)
Authors: Trunova Natalie , Kruzement Sergei , Gnativ Vladimir
Published: October 2023

В статье представлены результаты раскопок одного из сооружений объекта культурного наследия «Группа впадин Кривая 3», расположенного в Нефтеюганском районе ХМАО-Югры. Несмотря на отсутствие археологических предметов, сооружение предположительно отнесено к категории промыслово-хозяйственных построек эпохи Средневековья. Авторы поднимают проблему создания четкой методики исследования археологических объектов, сложно поддающихся идентификации, и предлагают свою систему доказательств антропогенного происхождения и назначения сооружения.
Two failed anti-russian conspiracies of the middle ob ostyaks in the end of the 17th - beginning of the 18th century
Authors:   Scientific and Educational Centre of the Institute for Humanities Education and Sport, Surgut State University, Surgut, Vizgalov Georgiy P. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk,   “Scientific Production Association “Northern Archaeology – 1” LLC, Nefteyugansk, Vershinin Yevgeniy V. ,   ANO “Institute of Archaeology of the North”, Nefteyugansk.
Published: October 2023

В статье описаны два антирусских заговора сургутских остяков против русских служилых людей 1686 и 1716 гг., которые были вовремя предотвращены. Планировавшийся захват и ликвидация двух центров крупнейших уездов Северо-Западной Сибири (Сургута и Берёзова) представляли серьезную опасность для русского присутствия в Западной Сибири и могли повлиять на последующую расстановку сил в регионе.
A problem method in the system of fundamentalization of mathematical training of future technical specialists
Authors: Kolomiiets Alona , Abramchuk Igor
Published: October 2023

The article presents the idea of applying the problem method in the system of fundamentalization ofmathematical training of future technical specialists. The stages of application of the problem method in theprocess of mathematical training of future technical specialists are analyzed, the main advantages anddisadvantages of using the proposed method in the educational process are given, the main stages of theapplication of the problem method in the educational process during the mathematical training of future48technical specialists are given. The work demonstrates an example of the application of the problem methodduring the study of higher mathematics topics by future technical specialists.The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the problematic method in the process offundamentalizing the mathematical training of future technical specialists,The conducted study of the problematic method and its implementation in the system offundamentalization of mathematical training of future technical specialists provides grounds for building ascheme for its implementation in the educational process. It consists of the following stages: receiving a taskcontaining a problem; finding ways to solve the problem, realizing the limitations of available resources andinformation for solving the task, performing the task taking into account the new knowledge obtained.The advantages of implementing the problem-based method in the educational process include: focusingstudents' attention on the problem, activation of students' mental activity, independent search for ways to solvethe problem, better memorization of ways to solve the problem compared to the traditional explanation of thematerial.Taking into account the multifacetedness of the chosen research topic, future explorations include: theneed for further theoretical and practical research, as well as the development of the concept of implementinga problem-based method in the process of fundamentalizing mathematical training.
ضبط حدود الحقوق والحريات في القانون الدستوري التونسي من الفصل ٤٩ من دستور ٢٠١٤ الى الفصل ٥٥ من دستور ٢٠٢٢
Authors: اللغماني سليم , الأندلسي وفاء زعفران , غزالة شهر الدين , الحمروني سلوى , الحاج صفي الدين , الغزواني مالك , المكي عبير , التابعي منى , كراي بسام
Published: October 2023

أصدرت المؤسسة الدولية للديمقراطية والانتخابات سنة ٢٠٢١ مجموعة من الأدلة العملية حول الفصل ٤٩ من دستور ٢٧ جانفي/يناير ٢٠١٤ لفائدة مختلف الأطراف المعنية بتطبيق هذه المادة الجامعة التي وضعت الشروط والمعايير المتعلقة بالحد من الحقوق والحريات في الدستور التونسي. وتهدف هذه الأدلة إلى وضع منهجية واضحة ومبسطة لتطبيق مبدأ التناسب المكرس صلب هذا الفصل، كما تقترح آليات عملية لتفعيله تستجيب لخصوصيات مختلف الجهات المستهدفة: السلطة التشريعية، السلطة التنفيذية، المجتمع المدني، الهيئات المستقلة، الجماعات المحلية، القاضي العدلي، القاضي الإداري والقاضي الدستوري. وقد حافظ مبدأ التناسب على مكانته الدستورية إثر صدور دستور ٢٥ جويلية/يوليو ٢٠٢٢. إذ حافظ الفصل ٥٥ من الدستور الجديد على نفس عبارات الفصل ٤٩ من دستور ٢٠١٤ تقريبا مع إدخال بعض التعديلات التي لا تنال من الفلسفة العامة للفصل. وفي هذا الإطار، تقدم المؤسسة الدولية للديمقراطية والانتخابات قراءة محينة (محدثة) للأدلة الموجهة إلى مختلف الجهات المذكورة سابقا في ضوء الفصل ٥٥ من دستور ٢٠٢٢. تسعى هذه القراءة المحينة إلى بيان التغييرات الواردة على المادة الجامعة المكرسة لمبدأ التناسب في الدستور التونسي، خاصة في ظل تبني الدستور الجديد لنظام سياسي مختلف عن سابقه، إلى جانب تخليه عن عدد هام من الهيئات الدستورية. وهو ما يستوجب إعادة النظر في الآليات العملية المتاحة لمختلف السلطات والجهات المعنية بتطبيق الفصل ٥٥ بشكل عام. كما تقدم هذه القراءة المحينة إجابات لجملة من الإشكاليات القانونية التي يمكن أن تعترض مختلف الفئات المعنية بتطبيق المادة الجامعة، كل حسب اختصاصه.
Overview of Agile frameworks in Computer Science education
Authors: Zahorodko Pavlo V.
Published: October 2023

This paper explores the application of Agile frameworks in education to enhance the learning process. The lack of a generalized approach to Agile in education prompted an analysis and comparison of various frameworks, including Scrum, eduScrum, Agile Learning Loops (ALL), and other Scrum-based approaches. The Agile Manifesto was also reinterpreted for educational settings. The review highlights the differences and similarities among these frameworks in terms of their suitability for education, support for classic increments, project-based approach, documentation, technological stack, and role distribution. The analysis concludes that while Agile is increasingly used in education, there is no standardized methodology. The reviewed frameworks offer valuable insights, but their implementation requires experimentation and adaptation to individual educational contexts.
Wahrnehmungen und Verortungen recht(sextrem)er Positionierungen von Studierenden Sozialer Arbeit durch Lehrende
Authors: Besche Julia
Published: October 2023

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie Lehrende recht(sextrem)e Äußerungen seitens Studierender in Fachbereichen der Sozialen Arbeit begegnen bzw. wie sie diese verorten. Für die Erschließung der Problemstellung wird auf qualitative, leitfadengestützte Interviews zurückgegriffen, die mit Lehrenden der Sozialen Arbeit durchgeführt wurden. Im Ergebnis wird festgestellt, dass sich sowohl im Hinblick auf die Hochschule als Raum als auch auf die Lehrenden als Personen Dynamiken der Distanzierung vom Phänomen recht(sextrem)er Studierender aufzeigen lassen. Diese werden in ihrer Existenz zwar anerkannt und das Phänomen wird im Hinblick auf seine Relevanz gewürdigt. Gleichermaßen erfolgt häufig eine Verschiebung in andere Hochschulen, andere Regionen oder andere Fachbereiche. Für Forschung und Praxis verbleibt der Auftrag weitere Austauschmöglichkeiten zu schaffen, im Rahmen derer Verunsicherung, Erfahrungswerte und die Existenz eines eigentlich vollständig professionsfremden Phänomens innerhalb der Sozialen Arbeit diskutiert werden können.
Current discourse on recurrent pregnancy loss (ESHRE Protocol 2023, National Clinical Guidelines "Recurrent Pregnancy Loss" 2021, materials of the World Congress of ESHRE 2023)
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dobrokhotova Yu.E. , Kuznetsov P.A. ,   Yu.I. Veltishchev Research Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dzhokhadze L.S. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT In January 2023, European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) has released updated recommendations on recurrent pregnancy loss to replace the previous 2017 version. All changes and addendum to the recommendations in the guidelines were formulated after evaluating the most qualitative and relevant evidence that appeared in the literature and their discussion by an expert group. The authors of this article have analyzed the main points of the updated ESHRE recommendations. The article discusses whether new tactics have appeared in the patient management with recurrent pregnancy loss, whether they should be adopted by a practicing physician, and whether they differ from the recommendations of the Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists regulating the actions of Russian medical specialists during the work with female patients having the appropriate diagnosis. Based on the analysis, the authors concluded that the expert groups that compiled clinical recommendations on recurrent pregnancy loss are mostly in solidarity on fundamental issues. On the one hand, the Russian recommendations look more reasonable in some issues, but on the other, the recommendations are likely to be revised taking into account new data. KEYWORDS: recurrent pregnancy loss, habitual abortion, pregnancy, ESHRE, clinical recommendations, RSOG, assisted reproductive technologies. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Kuznetsov P.A., Dzhokhadze L.S. Current discourse on recurrent pregnancy loss (ESHRE Protocol 2023, National Clinical Guidelines "Recurrent Pregnancy Loss" 2021, materials of the World Congress of ESHRE 2023). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):219–225 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-1.