bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Property Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of the Polyaniline/BiYTi2O7 Polymer Composite
Authors: Luan Jingfei , Shen Yue , Wang Shu , Guo Ningbin
Published: February 2017

A new polyaniline/BiYTi2O7 polymer composite was synthesized by chemical oxidation in-situ polymerization method for the first time. The effect of polyaniline doping on structural and catalytic properties of BiYTi2O7 was reported. The structural properties of novel polyaniline/BiYTi2O7 have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-Vis DRS. The results showed that BiYTi2O7 crystallized well with the pyrochlore-type structure, stable cubic crystal system by space group Fd3m. The lattice parameter or band gap energy of BiYTi2O7 was found to be a = 10.2132 Å or 2.349 eV, respectively. The novel polyaniline/BiYTi2O7 polymer composite possessed higher catalytic activity compared with BiYTi2O7 or nitrogen doped TiO2 for photocatalytic degradation of Azocarmine G under visible light irradiation. Additionally, the Azocarmine G removal efficiency was boosted from 3.0% for undoped BiYTi2O7 to 78.0% for the 10% polyaniline-modified BiYTi2O7, after only 60 min of reaction. After visible light irradiation for 330 min with polyaniline/BiYTi2O7 polymer composite as photocatalyst, complete removal and mineralization of Azocarmine G was observed. The photocatalytic degradation of Azocarmine G followed first-order reaction kinetics. Ultimately, the promoter action of H2O2 for photocatalytic degradation of AG with BiYTi2O7 as catalyst in the wastewater was discovered.
Annual Gross Primary Production from Vegetation Indices: A Theoretically Sound Approach
Authors: Gilabert María , Sánchez-Ruiz Sergio , Moreno Álvaro
Published: February 2017

A linear relationship between the annual gross primary production (GPP) and a PAR-weighted vegetation index is theoretically derived from the Monteith equation. A semi-empirical model is then proposed to estimate the annual GPP from commonly available vegetation indices images and a representative PAR, which does not require actual meteorological data. A cross validation procedure is used to calibrate and validate the model predictions against reference data. As the calibration/validation process depends on the reference GPP product, the higher the quality of the reference GPP, the better the performance of the semi-empirical model. The annual GPP has been estimated at 1-km scale from MODIS NDVI and EVI images for eight years. Two reference data sets have been used: an optimized GPP product for the study area previously obtained and the MOD17A3 product. Different statistics show a good agreement between the estimates and the reference GPP data, with correlation coefficient around 0.9 and relative RMSE around 20%. The annual GPP is overestimated in semiarid areas and slightly underestimated in dense forest areas. With the above limitations, the model provides an excellent compromise between simplicity and accuracy for the calculation of long time series of annual GPP.
Correction: Farina, G.L., et al. A Smartphone Application for Personal Assessments of Body Composition and Phenotyping. Sensors 2016, 16, 2163
Authors: Farina Gian , Spataro Fabrizio , De Lorenzo Antonino , Lukaski Henry
Published: February 2017

The authors wish to make the following corrections to Table 1 of their paper [...]
Structural Disadvantage: Evidence of Gender Disparities in the Norwegian Pension System
Authors: Palmer Erika
Published: February 2017

Norway is a world leader in gender equality according to sustainable development performance indicators. This study goes beyond these indicators to investigate systemic economic disadvantages for women, focusing specifically on the Norwegian pension system. System dynamics modeling is used to understand how gender disparity is built into social systems. A significant contributor to the gender inequality in pensions is the difference in lifetime working hours due to childbearing/rearing. There are childcare policies in place to equalize lifetime working hours between the genders; however, these policies require women to conform to the pension system structure and outsource their childcare. The system dynamics modeling illustrates how social investment strategy requires women to conform to a masculine pension system if they want equivalent financial security when they reach retirement.
A Comparison of Flood Control Standards for Reservoir Engineering for Different Countries
Authors: Ren Minglei , He Xiaoyan , Kan Guangyuan , Wang Fan , Zhang Hongbin , Li Hui , Cao Daling , Wang Hong , Sun Dongya , Jiang Xiaoming , Wang Gang , Zhang Zhongbo
Published: February 2017

Across the globe, flood control standards for reservoir engineering appear different due to various deciding factors such as flood features, society, economy, culture, morality, politics, and technology resources, etc. This study introduces an in-depth comparison of flood control standards for reservoir engineering for different countries. After the comparison and analysis, it is concluded that the determination of flood control standards is related to engineering grade, dam type, dam height, and the hazard to downstream after dam-breaking, etc. Each country should adopt practical flood control standards according to the characteristics of local reservoir engineering. The constitutive flood control standards should retain certain flexibility in the basis of constraint force. This review could offer a reference for developing countries in the enactment of flood control standards for reservoir engineering.
WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXXV. Testing the Metallicity Dependence of Stellar Lithium Depletion Using Hyades-aged Clusters. I. Hyades and Praesepe
Authors: Cummings Jeffrey D. , Deliyannis Constantine P. , Maderak Ryan M. , Steinhauer Aaron
Published: February 2017

WIYN/Hydra spectroscopy (at R ∼ 15,000) of the moderately metal-rich Praesepe and Hyades open clusters was used to study their main-sequence (MS) iron ([Fe/H]) and lithium (A(Li)) abundances. Self-consistent [Fe/H] and Li analyses of these clusters of consistent age, which we re-evaluate, confirms that they have consistent [Fe/H] and provides a foundation to investigate the poorly understood G-dwarf and F-dwarf Li-depletions. Neither phenomenon agrees with standard stellar evolution theory, but possible explanations abound. We supplement our A(Li) with previously published results placed on a uniform abundance scale. This creates the largest self-consistently analyzed sample of A(Li) in both the Hyades (90) and Praesepe (110). For each star, high-precision UBVRI photometry was used to determine a 10-color-based

and then to test for photometric peculiarities indicated by a large

(>75 K). The stars that have large

were predominantly found to be binaries or stars with peculiar (apparent) A(Li). When considering only proper-motion members that have low

and are also photometrically consistent with the cluster MS fiducial, each cluster has a more tightly defined Li morphology than previously observed and the two clusters’ A(Li) are indistinguishable. This suggests that clusters of consistent age and metallicity may have consistent Li-depletion trends across a broad range of

no additional major parameters are required, at least for these two clusters. We propose that the combined Hyades and Praesepe data offer more rigorous constraints than does either cluster alone, and we discuss newly revealed features of the combined Li–

trend.
Near-infrared Polarimetric Study of the N159/N160 Star-forming Complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Kim Jaeyeong , Jeong Woong-Seob , Pyo Jeonghyun , Pak Soojong , Park Won-Kee , Kwon Jungmi , Tamura Motohide
Published: February 2017

We present near-infrared polarimetric results for the N159/N160 star-forming complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud with SIRPOL, the polarimeter of the Infrared Survey Facility. We separated foreground sources using their visual extinction derived from near-infrared photometric data. The 45 young stellar candidates and 2 high-excitation blobs were matched with our sources, and 12 of them showed high polarization that did not originate from the interstellar dust. We made a polarimetric catalog of 252, 277, and 89 sources at the J, H, and K

s
bands, respectively. Based on the ratios of the polarization degree between these bands, we verify that the origin of these polarized sources is the dichroic extinction from the interstellar dust aligned by the magnetic field and that the ratios follow a power-law dependence of

∼

. The linear polarization vectors projected onto the Hα image of the complex turned out to follow the local magnetic field structure. The vector map overlaid on dust and gas emissions shows the close correlation between the magnetic field structure and surrounding interstellar medium. We suggest that the derived magnetic field structure supports the sequential formation scenario of the complex.
The Canonical Luminous Blue Variable AG Car and Its Neighbor Hen 3-519 Are Much Closer than Previously Assumed
Authors: Smith Nathan , Stassun Keivan G.
Published: February 2017

The strong mass loss of Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) is thought to play a critical role in massive-star evolution, but their place in the evolutionary sequence remains debated. A key to understanding their peculiar instability is their high observed luminosities, which often depends on uncertain distances. Here we report direct distances and space motions of four canonical Milky Way LBVs—AG Car, HR Car, HD 168607, and (candidate) Hen 3-519—from the Gaia first data release. Whereas the distances of HR Car and HD 168607 are consistent with previous literature estimates within the considerable uncertainties, Hen 3-519 and AG Car, both at ∼2 kpc, are much closer than the 6–8 kpc distances previously assumed. As a result, Hen 3-519 moves far from the locus of LBVs on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, making it a much less luminous object. For AG Car, considered a defining example of a classical LBV, its lower luminosity would also move it off the S Dor instability strip. Lower luminosities allow both AG Car and Hen 3-519 to have passed through a previous red supergiant phase, lower the mass estimates for their shell nebulae, and imply that binary evolution is needed to account for their peculiarities. These results may also impact our understanding of LBVs as potential supernova progenitors and their isolated environments. Improved distances will be provided in the Gaia second data release, which will include additional LBVs. AG Car and Hen 3-519 hint that this new information may alter our traditional view of LBVs.
High-energy Emissions from the Pulsar/Be Binary System PSR J2032+4127/MT91 213
Authors: Takata J. , Tam P. H. T. , Ng C. W. , Li K. L. , Kong A. K. H. , Hui C. Y. , Cheng K. S.
Published: February 2017

PSR J2032+4127 is a radio-loud gamma-ray-emitting pulsar; it is orbiting around a high-mass Be type star with a very long orbital period of 25–50 years, and is approaching periastron, which will occur in late 2017/early 2018. This system comprises a young pulsar and a Be type star, which is similar to the so-called gamma-ray binary PSR B1259–63/LS2883. It is expected therefore that PSR J2032+4127 shows an enhancement of high-energy emission caused by the interaction between the pulsar wind and Be wind/disk around periastron. Ho et al. recently reported a rapid increase in the X-ray flux from this system. In this paper, we also confirm a rapid increase in the X-ray flux along the orbit, while the GeV flux shows no significant change. We discuss the high-energy emissions from the shock caused by the pulsar wind and stellar wind interaction and examine the properties of the pulsar wind in this binary system. We argue that the rate of increase of the X-ray flux observed by Swift indicates (1) a variation of the momentum ratio of the two-wind interaction region along the orbit, or (2) an evolution of the magnetization parameter of the pulsar wind with the radial distance from the pulsar. We also discuss the pulsar wind/Be disk interaction at the periastron passage, and propose the possibility of formation of an accretion disk around the pulsar. We model high-energy emissions through the inverse-Compton scattering process of the cold-relativistic pulsar wind off soft photons from the accretion disk.
Avaliação do grau de felicidade entre profissionais da área de saúde de um hospital geral de ensino
Authors: Barreiros Ingrid Verônica Pinto , Novo Neil Ferreira , Martinez José Eduardo
Published: February 2017

OBJETIVO: Comparar o grau de felicidade dos funcionários de enfermagem em relação aos administrativos de um Hospital Geral de Ensino.MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se o Questionário de Felicidade de Oxford e o Questionário SF-36. Através de estatística foram feitos estudos quantitativos transversais e observacionais que correlacionaram os fatores que influenciam a felicidade. Com a aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico, os dois grupos, administrativo e enfermagem, foram comparados em relação ao grau de felicidade, sendo correlacionada a felicidade com os domínios do SF 36.RESULTADOS: Os resultados estatísticos não demonstraram diferença significativa entre os dois grupos. A média do grau de felicidade obtida foi de 4,52 e 4,70, para enfermagem e administrativo respectivamente, de uma escala que vai de 1 a 6, onde 1 é ruim e 6 é ótimo.CONCLUSÕES: Não houve diferença do grau de felicidade do grupo da enfermagem para o grupo administrativo. Os domínios do SF 36 que mais se correlacionaram com a felicidade foram saúde mental para ambos os grupos e aspectos sociais para enfermagem. Os fatores que mais influenciaram foram: satisfação com o padrão de vida, convívio social, ter amigos próximos ou de infância, acreditar em Deus e em algo além desta vida. E o fator que menos influenciou foi a prática de ações sociais.
Loading and plotting of cortical surface representations in Nilearn
Authors: Huntenburg Julia , Abraham Alexandre , Loula João , Liem Franziskus , Dadi Kamalaker , Varoquaux Gaël
Published: February 2017

Processing neuroimaging data on the cortical surface traditionally requires dedicated heavy-weight software suites. Here, we present an initial support of cortical surfaces in Python within the neuroimaging data processing toolbox Nilearn. We provide loading and plotting functions for different surface data formats with minimal dependencies, along with examples of their application. Limitations of the current implementation and potential next steps are discussed.
L’investissement perceptif du TAT au service de la dépendance du sujet, dans le contexte de la dynamique psychique de l’adolescent suicidant
Authors: Laimou Dimitra
Published: February 2017

Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié les aménagements de dépendance à la réalité externe-perceptive chez l’adolescent suicidant. Afin d’apprécier la capacité de l’adolescent à utiliser ses ressources fantasmatiques de manière relativement indépendante de la réalité perceptive, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’associativité des sujets au TAT. L’accent est mis sur leurs réactions face à l’hétérogénéité perceptive du matériel et notamment sur les processus psychiques qui se mobilisent lorsque le support externe disparaît du champ perceptif des sujets (planche 16). Notre échantillon se compose de 17 adolescents suicidants, de sexe féminin et masculin, âgés de 13 à 17 ans. Cette étude constitue une illustration de leur angoisse de séparation et de leurs liens de dépendance. Elle souligne également l’intérêt du TAT pour l’étude des aménagements de dépendance à la réalité externe-perceptive.
La pratique analytique de Freud à l’écran selon John Huston, Benoît Jacquot et David Cronenberg
Authors: Trichet Yohan , Marion Élisabeth
Published: February 2017

Si la psychanalyse ne fut guère représentée au cinéma au cours de la première moitié du xx e siècle, la seconde se révéla plus prolifique. Mais peu de films parvinrent à restituer à l’écran la réalité d’une séance analytique. Le xxi e siècle se montre davantage inventif. Aussi avons-nous choisi Freud, passions secrètes de John Huston (1962), Princesse Marie de Benoît Jacquot (2003) et A dangerous method de David Cronenberg (2011), qui mettent en scène la pratique de Freud avec deux célèbres patientes devenues psychanalystes, Marie Bonaparte et Sabina Spielrein.
Qualité de l’emploi et aspirations professionnelles : quels liens avec la mobilité volontaire des jeunes salariés en CDI ?
Authors: Portela Mickaël , Signoretto Camille
Published: February 2017

Cet article se propose d’étudier l’influence de la qualité de l’emploi et des aspirations professionnelles des jeunes salariés en contrats à durée indéterminée sur la nature volontaire des mobilités (démissions). À partir de l’enquête Génération 98 à dix ans, les résultats montrent que ce sont les salariés souhaitant améliorer leur situation en matière de salaire, d’autonomie ou encore de reconnaissance au travail, qui ont une probabilité plus forte de partir volontairement de leur emploi. À côté de ces souhaits individuels, les caractéristiques des emplois influencent également la probabilité de mobilité volontaire : être à temps partiel augmente cette probabilité, ainsi qu’être dans une position socioprofessionnelle favorable (cadre). Enfin, ces mobilités volontaires semblent davantage associées à une amélioration ou à une stabilité de la situation professionnelle des salariés. Classification JEL  : J63, J28, C35.
L’écosystème des spectacles sportifs : de la recherche aux pratiques managériales et inversement
Authors: Maltese Lionel , Pons Frank , Danglade Jean-Philippe , Keramidas Olivier
Published: February 2017

Depuis plus de 30 ans, de nombreuses publications ont utilisé le sport en tant que terrain de recherche avec une focalisation dans le domaine du parrainage sportif. Néanmoins, la spécificité du marketing des spectacles sportifs a depuis offert de nombreuses pistes de développements scientifiques et managériaux. Il n’existe cependant pas d’état des lieux récent de la recherche en marketing des spectacles sportifs. Cet article vise à adresser cette limite et à y intégrer les pratiques managériales témoignant de la complémentarité académique et managériale dans cette sphère d’activités.
Variability of macrofauna distribution along a dissipative log-spiral sandy beach in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Barboza Carlos A.M. , Cabrini Tatiana , Mattos Gustavo , Skinner Viviane , Cardoso Ricardo
Published: February 2017

Log-spiral beaches display defined physical gradients alongshore. However, the majority of studies focus on the variability of a single population of macrofauna species. We aimed to investigate the variation in species distribution and in community structure along ten transects on a log-spiral beach. Principal component analysis indicated a clear physical gradient alongshore. Redundancy analysis showed that the sheltered end was related to smaller particle sizes, higher organic matter content and high densities of polychaetes. The exposed end was characterized by coarser sand, lower organic matter content and a high presence of crustaceans. Model selection indicated that the “best fit” to explain the variability in the number of individuals included grain size and beach slope. Variability of the polychaete Scolelepis squamata was best explained by grain size, slope and sediment sorting. The best model for the cirolanid Excirolana armata only included sediment sorting. The physical gradient in sediment texture and the beach slope explained more than one-third of the variability in community structure. The physical variables were also correlated with the distribution of the individual species. We showed that the physical gradient on log-spiral coasts may be an important driver of macrofauna variability, even at mesoscales and in dissipative conditions.
Use of Augmented Reality in Mobile Devices for Educational Purposes
Authors: Emiroğlu Bülent Gürsel , Kurt Adile Aşkım
Published: February 2017

Use of technology in education has been widespread in the last decade, thanks to developments and improvements in information and communication technologies, especially in mobile devices. Among the fields in which mobile devices play important roles, education is one of the leading ones. Mobile devices help teachers and learners access educational resources when needed. To increase the reality of virtual learning environments on mobile devices, Augmented Reality (AR) technologies were introduced for mobile platforms, and the term Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) arose. MAR opens a new door for educators and trainers to experience new methods of teaching for mobile learners. In this chapter, educational use of AR on mobile devices will be explained. Throughout the content of the chapter, readers will be informed about how AR applications changed people's teaching and learning styles.
In Search for a “Good Fit” Between Augmented Reality and Mobile Learning Ecosystem
Authors: Gundogan Miraç Banu
Published: February 2017

Ecosystems are particular areas in nature where all living and nonliving components interact with each other and their environment. The term has also been used as a metaphor in scientific and social contexts. Learning ecosystem is one of these which studies the components and interactions of learning processes. Augmented reality is among the components of a (mobile) learning ecosystem. Potentials of integrating augmented reality in mobile learning are not denied, yet there are concerns that these might turn into short living fashion items if their long term consequences are not considered. Defining a mobile learning ecosystem, clarifying the position of augmented reality component within, describing its relations with other components and searching for a balance in these interactions would be an answer to these concerns. This chapter gives an answer by presenting mobile learning ecosystem and augmented reality definitions derived from a Delphi study carried out in 2016 in Turkey. The results and discussions present a “good fit” framework for a viable mobile learning ecosystem.
Integration of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Building Information Modeling
Authors: Boga Sai Rohit Chenchu , Kansagara Bhargav , Kannan Ramesh
Published: February 2017

In an educational perspective, unlike other disciplines, hands-on practice is difficult to come by in Civil Engineering. By providing a student with a realistic 3D simulation, we propose a concept that improves the understanding of the individual and eliminate guess-work entirely. Our platform that makes education fun and interactive by eliminating the constraints of a conventional teaching environment by incorporating Virtual Reality (VR) or Augmented Reality (AR) as a tool. AR can help the target audience visualize a model (to scale) in all three dimensions in the palm of their hand. This chapter explores the use of interactive 3D game environments in design visualization in Building Information Modeling (BIM) by adopting various available software packages and APIs. VR will allow the prospective customer to enter and explore a structure before it is constructed. This can be achieved by making use of a powerful game engine, in this case, Unity3D. In this chapter, we will describe ways to pivot Unity's functions towards the benefit of civil engineering.
Augmented Reality Implementations, Requirements, and Limitations in the Flipped-Learning Approach
Authors: Tosun Nilgun
Published: February 2017

In the year 2016, flipped learning became an innovative learning approach. The students, in flipped learning, prepare to their courses watching the videos, listening to podcasts, and reading the articles prepared for themselves, and have a prior knowledge. In flipped learning approach, efficiency of learning materials is related to providing permanent learning, facilitating the learning and being interactive. For that reason, the students should be supported with stronger learning materials rather than the aforementioned materials. The most current one among these materials includes Augmented Reality implementations that have been prominent in recent years. In this chapter, flipped learning approach and augmented reality concept will be emphasized, augmented reality implementations possible to be used in flipped learning will be exemplified, and limitations will also be discussed.
Revenge Pornography
Authors: Butler Des
Published: February 2017

Revenge pornography, or nonconsensual pornography as it is also known, is the distribution of intimate sexual images by disaffected and disgruntled individuals as a means of seeking vengeance against ex partners. It is highly destructive behaviour which can result in victims being humiliated and distressed, may jeopardise personal and work relationships and can lead to victims being stalked and attracting unwanted attention from strangers. In some cases, victims have felt compelled to change their names and even contemplate suicide. This article considers the response of Australian laws to the scourge of revenge pornography and identifies the many deficiencies in the current patchwork of statute laws and case laws in that country.
Water Absorption in Polymer Composites Reinforced with Vegetable Fiber Using Langmuir-Type Model: An Exact Mathematical Treatment
Authors: Gomes dos Santos W.R. , da Costa Melo R.Q. , Barbosa de Lima A.G.
Published: February 2017

This work presents a theoretical study of the anomalous behavior of moisture transient diffusion in vegetable fiber-reinforced composites materials using Langmuir-type model. For obtain the analytical solution was used the Laplace transform technique. Results of the absorption kinetics and concentration distribution of water (free and trapped water molecules) within the material along the process are presented and analyzed. Predicted results compared to experimental data of average moisture content have shown that the model was effective for description of the phenomenon, allowing a better understanding about the effects of moisture migration mechanisms.
Nb-H Thin Films: On Phase Transformation Kinetics
Authors: Burlaka Vladimir , Nörthemann Kai , Pundt Astrid
Published: February 2017

It was recently shown that phases forming in thin films undergo a coherency state change depending on the film thickness. For Nb-H thin films, the coherency state was reported to change at about 38 nm. In this study the impact of the coherency state on the phase transformation kinetics is investigated for Nb films of two different film thicknesses (25 nm and 80 nm), below and above the state change thickness. The phase transformation in thin metal-hydrogen films can be studied by surface topography analyses via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) because of the strong local lattice expansion of the hydride precipitates. STM on Nb-H reveals fast phase transformation kinetics for the 25 nm Nb-film, and much slower kinetics for the 80 nm film. This is suggested to be related to the change in the coherency between the Nb-matrix and the hydride precipitates.
Hygrothermal Simulation Applied to Energy Efficiency Improvement
Authors: Delgado J.M.P.Q.
Published: February 2017

The exterior weather data is a key factor in buildings’ behaviour and an important input of hygrothermal simulation, as tool to previously assess the buildings’ behaviour and achieve sustainable buildings with high degree of user satisfaction and lower energy costs.
Hygrothermal simulations were conducted using a commercial hygrothermal simulation tool considering two reference years. The results were statistically compared. They showed that the weather data-gap filling to create the TRY did not influence considerably the outputs of the hygrothermal simulation, mostly because they were only used in the month selection of the TRY and not for numerical simulation purposes.
An Unusual Localization of Intraosseous Schwannoma: The Hamate Bone
Authors: Gurkan Volkan , Sonmez Cavide , Aralasmak Ayse , Yildiz Fatih , Erdogan Ozgur
Published: February 2017

Intraosseous schwannoma of the hamate bone presented in this case is a very rare benign tumor, and its diagnosis combined with clinical, imaging and needle biopsy is important to guide further therapy. The diagnosis of schwannoma of the hamate was proved histologically following its surgical treatment by curettage.
Revised epicenters for large historical earthquakes in Baffin Bay
Authors: Bent A
Published: February 2017

Accurate epicentral locations can provide information about fault orientations and seismotectonic processes in the regions in which the earthquakes occur. Since 1933 there have been five earthquakes of magnitude 6.0 of greater, including one of magnitude 7.3,
beneath Baffin Bay. Current earthquake catalogs generally place these earthquakes at locations published in the International Seismological Summary (ISS) bulletins. However, the epicenters for two of these events appear to have been fixed at the epicenters of previous events and all are based on an
outdated model of the Earth's interior. In this study, the five largest Baffin Bay earthquakes have been relocated using a modern Earth model and path corrections (determined in this study) for the stations that recorded the events. Several epicenters were changed by tens of km, although all still
fall within the boundaries of the Baffin Bay seismic zone. This paper discusses the relocation of these events and tabulates all arrival time and station correction data used in the procedure.
Validation Methods for MIL-STD-1760C Aircraft Station Interfaces
Authors:   AS-1B Aircraft Store Integration Committee
Published: February 2017

This document establishes techniques for validating that an Aircraft Station Interface (ASI) complies with the interface requirements delineated in MIL-STD-1760C. For validation of aircraft designed to MIL-STD-1760A Notice 2 AS4764 Issued 1995-04 applies. For validation of aircraft designed to MIL-STD-1760B Notice 3 AS47641 Issued 1999-08 applies.
Specification for O-Ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 1 - Tube Connection Details and Common Requirements for Performance and Tests
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

The JUN2002 edition of SAE J1453 was published as a single document covering the requirements for Inch O-ring face
seal connectors with SAE J1926-2 inch stud ends. In 1995 ISO 8434-3 was published covering the requirements for
O-ring face seal connectors to ISO 6149-2 metric stud ends. This revision of SAE J1453 adopts the parts covered within
ISO 8434-3 and the rationalized dimensions from ISO 8434-3 for both the inch and metric stud end face seal connectors.
SAE J1453 has been organized into three sections as follows:

1. SAE J1453-1 Specifications for O-ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 1-Tube Connection Details and Common
Requirements for Performance and Test

2. SAE J1453-2 Specifications for O-ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 2-Requirements, Dimensions and Tests for
Steel Unions, Bulkheads, Swivels, Braze Sleeve Connectors, Caps, and Connectors with ISO 6149-2 Metric Stud
Ends

3. SAE J1453-3 Specifications for O-ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 3-Requirements, Dimensions and Tests for
Steel Unions, Bulkheads, Swivels, Braze Sleeve Connectors, Caps, and Connectors with SAE J1926-2, Inch Stud
Ends
Human Mechanical Impact Response Characteristics--Response of the Human Neck to Inertial Loading by the Head for Automotive Seated Postures
Authors:   Human Biomechanics and Simulations Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

This series of reports provides response characteristics of the head, face, neck, shoulder, thorax, lumbar spine, abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities. In each report, the decriptions of human impact respnse are based on data judged by the subcommittee to provide the most appropriate information for the development of human surrogates.

This is one of a series of reports which define human mechanical impact response characteristics for specific body regions. These reports update SAE J1460 which is intended for use by anthropomorphic test dummy designers and analytical modelers who need qualitative definitions of human mechnical impact behavior.These reports do not discuss criteria for assessing human impact injury potential, which are the subject of SAE J885. Each document in the series covers material specific to a body region and will be independently updated when new response data become available. The goal of this report is to characterize the response of human neck due to head inertial loading when the occupant is sitting in an automotive posture.
Hose Assemblies, Hydraulic, J517 100R Series--Part 3: Procurement and Ordering Information
Authors:   Hydraulic Hose and Hose Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard covers ordering information for J517 100R Series hose materials for hydraulic hose assemblies using connectors specified in SAE Standard J516 or all parts of ISO 12151 for use in hydraulic systems using petroleum based hydraulic fluids.
Energy Transfer System for Electric Vehicles--Part 1: Functional Requirements and System Architectures
Authors:   Hybrid - EV Committee
Published: February 2017

SAE J2293 establishes requirements for Electric Vehicles (EV) and the off- board Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) used to transfer electrical energy to an EV from an Electric Utility Power System (Utility) in North America. This document defines, either directly or by reference, all characteristics of the total EV Energy Transfer System (EV-ETS) necessary to insure the functional interoperability of an EV and EVSE of the same physical system architecture. The ETS, regardless of architecture, is responsible for the conversion of AC electrical energy into DC electrical energy that can be used to charge the Storage Battery of an EV, as shown.
Stationary Sound Testing of Snowmobiles, Procedure and Enforcement Issues
Authors:   Snowmobile Technical Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Information Report provides basic information about the issues surrounding the administration of stationary, infield sound testing of snowmobiles. The information provided herein is meant to enhance safety, improve the environment and promote uniform testing.
Cranes—Access and Egress
Authors:   Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee
Published: February 2017

This recommended practice specifies criteria for steps, stairways, ladders, walkways, platforms, handrails, handholds, guardrails and entrance openings which permit access to and from operator, inspection or maintenance platforms on mobile cranes parked in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction. It also presents requirements for guards and restraints as related to moving parts.
An assessment of the climatological representativeness of IAGOS-CARIBIC trace gas measurements using EMAC model simulations
Authors: Eckstein Johannes , Ruhnke Roland , Zahn Andreas , Neumaier Marco , Kirner Ole , Braesicke Peter
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Measurement data from the long-term passenger aircraft project IAGOS-CARIBIC are often used to derive climatologies of trace gases in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). We investigate to what extent such climatologies are representative of the true state of the atmosphere. Climatologies are considered relative to the tropopause in mid-latitudes (35 to 75° N) for trace gases with different atmospheric lifetimes. Using the chemistry–climate model EMAC, we sample the modeled trace gases along CARIBIC flight tracks. Representativeness is then assessed by comparing the CARIBIC sampled model data to the full climatological model state. Three statistical methods are applied for the investigation of representativeness: the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and two scores based on the variability and relative differences. Two requirements for any score describing representativeness are essential: representativeness is expected to increase (i) with the number of samples and (ii) with decreasing variability of the species considered. Based on these two requirements, we investigate the suitability of the different statistical measures for investigating representativeness. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test is very strict and does not identify any trace-gas climatology as representative – not even of long-lived trace gases. In contrast, the two scores based on either variability or relative differences show the expected behavior and thus appear applicable for investigating representativeness. For the final analysis of climatological representativeness, we use the relative difference score and calculate a representativeness uncertainty for each trace gas in percent. In order to justify the transfer of conclusions about representativeness of individual trace gases from the model to measurements, we compare the trace gas variability between model and measurements. We find that the model reaches 50–100 % of the measurement variability. The tendency of the model to underestimate the variability is caused by the relatively coarse spatial and temporal model resolution. In conclusion, we provide representativeness uncertainties for several species for tropopause-referenced climatologies. Long-lived species like CO2 have low uncertainties ( ≤ 0.4 %), while shorter-lived species like O3 have larger uncertainties (10–15 %). Finally, we translate the representativeness score into a number of flights that are necessary to achieve a certain degree of representativeness. For example, increasing the number of flights from 334 to 1000 would reduce the uncertainty in CO to a mere 1 %, while the uncertainty for shorter-lived species like NO would drop from 80 to 10 %.
Consistency of dimensional distributions and refractive indices of desert dust measured over Lampedusa with IASI radiances
Authors: Liuzzi Giuliano , Masiello Guido , Serio Carmine , Meloni Daniela , Di Biagio Claudia , Formenti Paola
Published: February 2017

Abstract. In the context of the ChArMEx campaign, we present here some results concerning the quantitative comparison between simulated and observed radiances in the presence of atmospheric desert dust, between June and July 2013 in the southern Mediterranean Basin, in the air mass above the island of Lampedusa. In particular, comparisons have been performed between radiances as observed by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) and those simulated using the σ-IASI-as radiative transfer model, which takes into account aerosol extinction effect through a set of fast parameterizations. Simulations have been carried out using different sets of input complex refractive indices, which take into account the parent soils of the aerosols. Their accuracy also relies on the quality of the characterization of desert dust microphysical properties, achieved through direct measurements in the ChArMEx experiment. On the one hand, the fact that the model can ingest such a variable input proves its feasibility. On the other hand, this work goes through a direct validation of different refractive index sets for desert dust in the thermal infrared, and pursues an assessment of the sensitivity of IASI data with respect to the dimensional distribution of desert dust particles. Results show a good consistency between calculations and observations, especially in the spectral interval 800–1000 cm−1; further, the comparison between calculations and observations suggests that further efforts are needed to better characterize desert dust optical properties in the shortwave (above 2000 cm−1). Whatever the case, we show that it is necessary to properly tune the refractive indices according to the geographical origin of the observed aerosol.
SEALDH-II – a calibration-free transfer standard for airborne water vapor measurements: Pressure dependent absolute validation from 5–1200 ppmv at a metrological humidity generator
Authors: Buchholz Bernhard , Ebert Volker
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Highly accurate water vapor measurements are indispensable for understanding a variety of scientific questions as well as industrial processes. While in metrology water vapor concentrations can be defined, generated and measured with relative uncertainties in the single percentage range, field deployable airborne instruments deviate even under quasi-static laboratory conditions up to 10–20 %. The novel SEALDH-II hygrometer, a calibration-free, tuneable diode laser spectrometer, bridges this gap by implementing an entirely new concept to achieve higher accuracy levels in the field. Here we present the absolute validation of SEALDH-II at a traceable humidity generator during 23 days of permanent operation at 15 different H2O concentration levels between 5 and 1200 ppmv. At each concentration level, we studied the pressure dependence at 6 different gas pressures between 65 and 950 hPa. Further, we describe the setup for this metrological validation, the challenges to overcome when assessing water vapor measurements on a high accuracy level, as well as the comparison results. With this validation, SEALDH-II is the first metrologically validated humidity transfer standard which links several scientific airborne and laboratory measurement campaigns to the international metrological water vapor scale.
Implementation of the MEGAN (v2.1) biogenic emission model in the ECHAM6-HAMMOZ chemistry climate model
Authors: Henrot Alexandra-Jane , Stanelle Tanja , Schröder Sabine , Siegenthaler Colombe , Taraborrelli Domenico , Schultz Martin G.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. A biogenic emission scheme based on the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) version 2.1 (Guenther et al., 2012) has been integrated into the ECHAM6-HAMMOZ chemistry climate model in order to calculate the emissions from terrestrial vegetation of 32 compounds. The estimated annual global total for the reference simulation is 634 Tg C yr−1 (simulation period 2000–2012). Isoprene is the main contributor to the average emission total, accounting for 66 % (417 Tg C yr−1), followed by several monoterpenes (12 %), methanol (7 %), acetone (3.6 %), and ethene (3.6 %). Regionally, most of the high annual emissions are found to be associated with tropical regions and tropical vegetation types. In order to evaluate the implementation of the biogenic model in ECHAM-HAMMOZ, global and regional biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions of the reference simulation were compared to previous published experiment results with MEGAN. Several sensitivity simulations were performed to study the impact of different model input and parameters related to the vegetation cover and the ECHAM6 climate. BVOC emissions obtained here are within the range of previous published estimates. The large range of emission estimates can be attributed to the use of different input data and empirical coefficients within different setups of MEGAN. The biogenic model shows a high sensitivity to the changes in plant functional type (PFT) distributions and associated emission factors for most of the compounds. The global emission impact for isoprene is about −9 %, but reaches +75 % for α-pinene when switching from global emission factor maps to PFT-specific emission factor distributions. The highest sensitivity of isoprene emissions is calculated when considering soil moisture impact, with a global decrease of 12.5 % when the soil moisture activity factor is included in the model parameterization. Nudging ECHAM6 climate towards ERA-Interim reanalysis has an impact on the biogenic emissions, slightly lowering the global total emissions and their interannual variability.
VIRTUAL DIVING IN THE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
OF CALA MINNOLA
Authors: Bruno F. , Lagudi A. , Barbieri L. , Muzzupappa M. , Mangeruga M. , Pupo F. , Cozza M. , Cozza A. , Ritacco G. , Peluso R. , Tusa S.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The paper presents the application of the technologies and methods defined in the VISAS project for the case study of the underwater archaeological site of Cala Minnola located in the island of Levanzo, in the archipelago of the Aegadian Islands (Sicily, Italy). The VISAS project (http://visas-project.eu) aims to improve the responsible and sustainable exploitation of the Underwater Cultural Heritage by means the development of new methods and technologies including an innovative virtual tour of the submerged archaeological sites. In particular, the paper describes the 3D reconstruction of the underwater archaeological site of Cala Minnola and focus on the development of the virtual scene for its visualization and exploitation. The virtual dive of the underwater archaeological site allows users to live a recreational and educational experience by receiving historical, archaeological and biological information about the submerged exhibits, the flora and fauna of the place.
A COMPARISON AMONG DIFFERENT OPTIMIZATION LEVELS
IN 3D MULTI-SENSOR MODELS.
A TEST CASE IN EMERGENCY CONTEXT: 2016 ITALIAN EARTHQUAKE
Authors: Chiabrando F. , Sammartano G. , Spanò A.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. In sudden emergency contexts that affect urban centres and built heritage, the latest Geomatics technique solutions must enable the demands of damage documentation, risk assessment, management and data sharing as efficiently as possible, in relation to the danger condition, to the accessibility constraints of areas and to the tight deadlines needs. In recent times, Unmanned Vehicle System (UAV) equipped with cameras are more and more involved in aerial survey and reconnaissance missions, and they are behaving in a very cost-effective way in the direction of 3D documentation and preliminary damage assessment. More and more UAV equipment with low-cost sensors must become, in the future, suitable in every situation of documentation, but above all in damages and uncertainty frameworks. Rapidity in acquisition times and low-cost sensors are challenging marks, and they could be taken into consideration maybe with time spending processing. The paper will analyze and try to classify the information content in 3D aerial and terrestrial models and the importance of metric and non-metric withdrawable information that should be suitable for further uses, as the structural analysis one. The test area is an experience of Team Direct from Politecnico di Torino in centre Italy, where a strong earthquake occurred in August 2016. This study is carried out on a stand-alone damaged building in Pescara del Tronto (AP), with a multi-sensor 3D survey. The aim is to evaluate the contribution of terrestrial and aerial quick documentation by a SLAM based LiDAR and a camera equipped multirotor UAV, for a first reconnaissance inspection and modelling in terms of level of details, metric and non-metric information.
THE EFFECT OF UNDERWATER IMAGERY RADIOMETRY ON 3D
RECONSTRUCTION AND ORTHOIMAGERY
Authors: Agrafiotis P. , Drakonakis G. I. , Georgopoulos A. , Skarlatos D.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The work presented in this paper investigates the effect of the radiometry of the underwater imagery on automating the 3D reconstruction and the produced orthoimagery. Main aim is to investigate whether pre-processing of the underwater imagery improves the 3D reconstruction using automated SfM - MVS software or not. Since the processing of images either separately or in batch is a time-consuming procedure, it is critical to determine the necessity of implementing colour correction and enhancement before the SfM - MVS procedure or directly to the final orthoimage when the orthoimagery is the deliverable. Two different test sites were used to capture imagery ensuring different environmental conditions, depth and complexity. Three different image correction methods are applied: A very simple automated method using Adobe Photoshop, a developed colour correction algorithm using the CLAHE (Zuiderveld, 1994) method and an implementation of the algorithm described in Bianco et al., (2015). The produced point clouds using the initial and the corrected imagery are then being compared and evaluated.