bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Development of a Semi-Automatic Coconut Broom Stick Machine
Authors:   Students, Dept. of ME, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, R Dr. Shadakshari
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on the design and development of a semi-automatic machine to separate individual dry coconut leaves into their stick (stem) and leaf portions, aimed at streamlining broomstick production. The machine is powered by a 1/4 HP direct-drive motor, which drives two rubber rollers via a shaft supported by Unit Cast Pedestal (UCP) bearings. As the coconut leaf is fed into the machine, the rollers pull it through, while a precisely positioned blade mechanism efficiently detaches the stick from the leaf. The structure of the machine is constructed using durable mild steel (MS) sheet metal, ensuring robustness and longevity while securely housing all components. Key design considerations include motor configuration, blade placement, and material selection for strength and weight optimization. The design process employs CAD modelling for precision and visualization, while testing and iterative refinements ensure optimal machine performance. This semi-automatic solution aims to enhance productivity, minimize manual labour, and improve efficiency in the

broomstick manufacturing process. The paper serves as a significant step towards mechanizing traditional tasks in rural industries, offering a cost-effective and reliable alternative to manual leaf separation methods.

Keywords

Coconut Broom Stick, Semi-Automatic Machine, Leaf Stick Separation, Mechanization, Agricultural Equipment
ดุษฎีนิพนธ์ดนตรีสร้างสรรค์: “คีตวรรณกรรมบทเพลงสำหรับวงกรุงเทพมหานครโลว์สตริงออร์เคสตรา”
Authors: สุภัทรชัยวงศ์ วัชรพงค์ , เปรมานนท์ วีรชาติ
Published: February 2025

คีตวรรณกรรมบทเพลงสำหรับวงกรุงเทพมหานครโลว์สตริงออร์เคสตรา เป็นงานสร้างสรรค์ผลงานดุษฎีนิพนธ์ คีตวรรณกรรมบทเพลงสำหรับวงดุริยางค์ซิมโฟนีกรุงเทพมหานคร โดยมุ่งเน้นกลยุทธ์กระประพันธ์ไปที่กลุ่มโลว์สตริง เนื่องจากยังไม่มีบทเพลงสำหรับออร์เคสตราที่จะแสดงเอกลักษณ์ของกลุ่มเครื่องโลว์สตริงอย่างเด่นชัด งานวิจัยจึงเป็นการประมวลเทคนิคการปฏิบัติเครื่องโลว์สตริงจากบทเพลงเอ็กเซิร์พที่ใช้ในการสอบเข้าวงออร์เคสตราอาชีพ ผลการวิจัยและการสร้างสรรค์ประกอบด้วยบทเพลงสำหรับออร์เคสตรา โดยมีบทโหมโรงจากกลุ่มเครื่องโลว์สตริงทรีโอ สำหรับเชลโล ดับเบิลเบสและมาริมบา (โหมโรงสามสหาย) ความยาวประมาณ 7 นาที บรรเลงเปิด ตามด้วยบทเพลงสำหรับวงออร์เคสตรา “โลว์สตริงออร์เคสตราอินเมโทรโปลิส” ความยาวประมาณ 40 นาที ที่มีการใช้เทคนิคเฉพาะของเครื่องสายในการสร้างความโดดเด่นให้แก่กลุ่มเครื่องโลว์สตริงที่บรรเลงในวงออร์เคสตรา
Health Policy in Thailand (Chiang Rai and Tak SEZs) in the Institutional Mechanism during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rakwongwan Nattapat , Rajapongsa Punrop , Luangprapat Wasan , Phonvisay Alay
Published: February 2025

This article’s objective is the recommendation of guidelines and health measures related to border trade and investment to prevent the spread of COVID - 19. CATWOE model became the main research framework used. Before COVID – 19 pandemics, Thailand had not the health policy and measures related to border trade and investment or SEZ’s health regulation. They have only the health guidelines for the whole country and only the health regulations for medical staff. In addition to, those health guidelines are not related to trade, investment, or commercial affairs. The Thai government tried to use the normal law for the COVID – 19 pandemic’s control in SEZs. It was not efficient because all laws could control the pandemic, and they obstructed trade, investment, and business. When COVID – 19 pandemic finishes. Thai government should have health guidelines for SEZs at local, national, international, and integrated levels because all levels can systematize the pandemic’s control and business support efficiently. Thai government should use the international cooperation for SEZ heath policy formulation such as APEC, ASEAN, GMS etc. Because, the health policy cannot be formulated by Thailand’s side and the health policy in Chiang Rai and Tak SEZs should collaborate with some stakeholder countries such as Laos, Myanmar, and C.R. China. The health policy will be the optimum guideline for the SEZ.
“ชา” ในสำนวนจีน: ภาพสะท้อนคุณค่าทางวัฒนธรรมในสังคมจีน
Authors: หาญสกุลวัฒน์ กมลรัตน์
Published: February 2025

บทความวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ประการแรก เพื่อศึกษาภาพสะท้อนคุณค่าทางวัฒนธรรมในสังคมจีนผ่านสำนวนจีนที่ปรากฏคำว่า ชา (茶) ประการที่สอง เพื่อศึกษาสำนวนที่ปรากฏคำว่า ชา (茶) จากการวิเคราะห์ความหมายเชิงภาษา โดยเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากพจนานุกรมคำศัพท์และสำนวนจีน ในลักษณะรูปเล่มและดิจิทัล รวมทั้งสิ้น 103 สำนวน ซึ่งวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้แนวคิดการวิเคราะห์ความหมายเชิงภาษา ภายใต้ทฤษฎีอุปลักษณ์เชิงมโนทัศน์ ผลการวิจัยพบว่า สำนวนจีนที่ปรากฏคำว่า ชา (茶) สะท้อนคุณค่าทางวัฒนธรรมในสังคมจีนที่แตกต่างกัน สามารถแบ่งเป็นหมวดหมู่ ได้แก่ 1) คุณค่าด้านเงินและความสำคัญในชีวิตชาวจีน 2) คุณค่าด้านประเพณีและพิธีสำคัญ 3) คุณค่าด้านการต้อนรับแขกและสะพานแห่งมิตรภาพ 4) คุณค่าด้านความเชื่อทางสรรพคุณรักษาโรค 5) ปรัชญาชีวิต และ 6) ช่วงเวลา ทั้งนี้ผู้วิจัยได้ทำการตีความการสื่อความหมายเชิงอุปลักษณ์เป็นการถ่ายโยงความหมายจากคุณสมบัติต้นทางของคำว่า “ชา” ไปยังวงความหมายปลายทาง ซึ่งสามารถแบ่งเป็น 2 กลุ่มความหมาย ได้แก่ [มนุษย์คือชา] และ [สิ่งไม่มีชีวิตคือชา] เพื่อสะท้อนมโนทัศน์ของคนจีนที่เปรียบเทียบชาเข้ากับมนุษย์และสิ่งต่าง ๆ ในชีวิต ไม่ว่าจะเป็นด้านความรู้สึก การกระทำ สิ่งของและช่วงเวลา เป็นต้น
แนวทางการพัฒนาระบบการบริหารเพื่อเสริมสร้างประสิทธิผลการจัดการ ขยะมูลฝอยขององค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่นในจังหวัดลำปาง
Authors: หวลอารมณ์ รัชดาพร , ปัญญาดี เฉลิมชัย , แก้วทิพย์ สมคิด , เอกเอี่ยม บงกชมาศ
Published: February 2025

บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาหาแนวทางการพัฒนาระบบการบริหารเพื่อเสริมสร้างประสิทธิผลการจัดการขยะมูลฝอยขององค์ปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่นในจังหวัดลำปาง เป็นงานวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ เก็บข้อมูลจากการสัมภาษณ์กึ่งโครงสร้าง การจัดสนทนากลุ่มย่อย มีผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญจำนวน 82 คน เป็นตัวแทนจากองค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่นในจังหวัดลำปาง ผลการศึกษาวิจัยพบว่า แนวทางการพัฒนาระบบการบริหารเพื่อเสริมสร้างประสิทธิผลการจัดการขยะมูลฝอยขององค์ปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่นในจังหวัดลำปาง จำเป็นต้องพัฒนาดังนี้ การพัฒนาเชิงนโยบาย การพัฒนาแผนยุทธศาสตร์บริหารจัดการขยะมูลฝอยเชิงบูรณาการ การพัฒนากิจกรรมโครงการการจัดการขยะมูลฝอย การพัฒนาศักยภาพเชิงการคิดของผู้บริหารและสมาชิกสภาท้องถิ่น การพัฒนาศักยภาพด้านการคิดของข้าราชการส่วนท้องถิ่น การพัฒนาศักยภาพบุคลากรฝ่ายปฏิบัติการ การพัฒนากระบวนการมีส่วนร่วม การพัฒนาการจัดการบริการ การพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีเพื่อการจัดเก็บขยะมูลฝอย การพัฒนาระบบกฎหมาย และการพัฒนาเสริมสร้างชุมชนต้นแบบ
การวิเคราะห์บทบาทความสำคัญขององค์ประกอบทางภูมิทัศน์วัฒนธรรม ที่สนับสนุนการท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรมในเขตลุ่มน้ำยม ตำบลบ้านตึก อำเภอศรีสัชนาลัย จังหวัดสุโขทัย
Authors: อำลอย อัมพิกา
Published: February 2025

บทความวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อระบุและวิเคราะห์บทบาทของประเภทและชนิดขององค์ประกอบทางภูมิทัศน์วัฒนธรรมที่สนับสนุนการท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรมในเขตลุ่มน้ำยม ตำบลบ้านตึก อำเภอศรีสัชนาลัย จังหวัดสุโขทัย โดยศึกษาชุมชนจำนวน 14 แห่ง เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากผู้นำชุมชน 14 คน และประชาชน 70 คนที่มีความรู้และประสบการณ์ด้านเกษตรกรรมและวิถีชีวิตท้องถิ่น การวิเคราะห์ใช้วิธีการวิเคราะห์เชิงกายภาพและการสัมภาษณ์ ผลการวิจัยพบว่าองค์ประกอบทางภูมิทัศน์วัฒนธรรมสามารถจำแนกออกเป็น 8 ประเภทที่สำคัญ ได้แก่ องค์ประกอบทางประวัติศาสตร์ที่ดึงดูดนักท่องเที่ยว องค์ประกอบทางภูมิศาสตร์และสิ่งแวดล้อมที่สะท้อนการจัดการภูมิทัศน์วัฒนธรรมอย่างยั่งยืน องค์ประกอบทางการใช้ที่ดินและโครงสร้างพื้นฐานที่เอื้อต่อการใช้ประโยชน์พื้นที่ องค์ประกอบทางวัฒนธรรมและประเพณีที่เชิญชวนนักท่องเที่ยวให้สัมผัสกับวัฒนธรรมท้องถิ่น องค์ประกอบทางสังคมและชุมชนที่สะท้อนภูมิปัญญาและวิถีชีวิต องค์ประกอบทางเศรษฐกิจที่สร้างรายได้จากการจำหน่ายสินค้าท้องถิ่น องค์ประกอบทางสัญลักษณ์และจิตวิญญาณที่เน้นความสำคัญทางศาสนาและจิตวิญญาณของชุมชน และองค์ประกอบทางสถาปัตยกรรมและการออกแบบภูมิทัศน์ที่สื่อถึงวิถีชีวิตท้องถิ่น บทบาทขององค์ประกอบเหล่านี้มีความสำคัญต่อการพัฒนาโปรแกรมการท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรม ช่วยให้ชุมชนตระหนักถึงคุณค่าและทรัพยากรของตน และสนับสนุนการจัดการภูมิทัศน์วัฒนธรรมอย่างยั่งยืนเพื่อส่งเสริมการท่องเที่ยวและการพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจของชุมชนอย่างยั่งยืน
ETHNIC FEATURES OF MIGRATION PROCESSES IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AFTER THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Biktimirov Niyaz
Published: February 2025

The paper shows the importance of the ethnic factor in modern interdisciplinary research. The ethnic aspects of the development of migration processes are considered at the regional level within the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The time span of the conducted research begins in the 50s of the XX century and ends today. Migration processes have been crucial in the development of the region's population since the 1950s. The article from Russian scientists pays great attention to regional researchers who conducted their work mainly in the framework of geographical, sociological and historical sciences. To determine the correlation coefficient with the share of internal migration of municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan, many indicators were used, among which the national composition of municipalities of the republic is of particular value for this work.
THE MAIN STAGES OF THE FORMATION OF A NETWORK OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN RUSSIA
Authors: Shirokorad Irina , Boldyrev Boris , Kondakov Anatoliy
Published: February 2025

The article attempts to identify the main stages of the formation of the higher agricultural education system in Russia, defining the characteristics of each stage in terms of the development of the educational system of the state.
Sintonia QR do Regulador Linear Quadrático LQR Discreto e Programação Dinâmica Aproximada baseada em Ação-Estado para Aplicações Online do Projeto de Sistemas de Controle Ótimo
Authors: Cerqueira M. , Lopes L. , Fonseca J. V.
Published: February 2025

Devido ao crescente desenvolvimento tecnol´ogico e `as  consequentes aplicaç˜oes industriais, novos m´etodos para o projeto de controle e Aprendizado por Reforço tem sido desenvolvidas, n˜ao apenas para resolver novos problemas de controle, mas tamb´em para melhorar o desempenho de controladores j´a implementados em sistemas do mundo real. As abordagens de Aprendizagem por Reforc¸o e Regulador Quadr´atico Linear Discreto s˜ao conectadas por m´etodos de Programaç˜ao Dinˆamica Adaptativa. Esses paradigmas s˜ao  orientados para o projeto de controladores ´otimos em  sistemas multivari´aveis. Para o caso do Regulador Quadr´atico Linear Discreto, AD-HDP, Aprendizado por Reforc¸o, Pol´ıtica de Iterac¸ ˜ao e Valor de Iterac¸ ˜ao, um m´etodo e um algoritmo s˜ao desenvolvidos e implementados para projeto de controle online. Com base na seleção das matrizes de ponderac¸ ˜ao Q e R, tamb´em ´e apresentado um m´etodo para ajustar controladores reguladores lineares quadr´aticos discretos. Este m´etodo fornece diretrizes para a construção de heur´ısticas para a seleç˜ao de matrizes de ponderaç˜ao, aspectos de convergˆencia relacionados `as variaç˜oes das matrizes de ponderaç˜ao s˜ao investigados. Para um sistema dinˆamico multivari´avel de terceira ordem, o algoritmo proposto e a heur´ıstica de ajuste s˜ao avaliados pela capacidade de estabelecer a pol´ıtica de controle ´otima
On the Continuous-Time Complementarity Problem
Authors: Monte M. R. C. do , De Oliveira V. A.
Published: February 2025

This work deals with solving continuous-time nonlinear complementarity problems defined on two types of nonempty closed convex cones: a polyhedral cone (positive octant) and a second-order cone. Theoretical results that establish a relationship between such problems and the variational inequalities problem are presented. We show that global minimizers of an unconstrained continuous-time programming problem are solutions to the continuous-time nonlinear complementarity problem. Moreover, a relation is set upso that a stationary point of an unconstrained continuous-time programming problem, in which the objective function involves the Fischer-Burmeister function, is a solution for the continuous-time complementarity problem. To guarantee the validity of the K.K.T. conditions for some auxiliary continuous-time problems which appear during the theoretical development, we use the linear independence constraint qualification. These constraint qualification are posed in the continuous-time context and appeared in the literature recently. In order to exemplify the developed theory, some simple examples are presented throughout the text.
Calculation of Green's Function for Poisson's Equation in Plane Polar Coordinates
Authors: Couto R. T.
Published: February 2025

A new calculation of Green's function for Poisson's equation in plane polar coordinates is presented. The method consists in first calculating the solution to the simpler problem, but with the same Green's function, that is obtained with the homogenization of the boundary conditions and then inferring Green's function by comparing this calculated solution with Green's solution formula. Depending on how the solution to the simplified problem is calculated, Green's function may result as an integral or an infinite series, but it is finally presented in a closed form, because it is possible to calculate the integral or the sum of this series.
Legislative Techniques in Rwanda
Authors: Xanthaki Helen
Published: February 2025

Legislative Techniques in Rwanda

This report is the result of the collective work of 26 Rwandan civil servants from a number of ministries, who set out to offer the Ministry of Justice a report on legislative drafting in Rwanda. The work was undertaken under the umbrella of the Diploma in Legislative Drafting offered by the Institute for Legal Professional Development (ILPD) in Nyanza under the rectorship of Prof. Nick Johnson. The authors have used their experience of practising drafting in Rwanda, but have contributed to the report in their personal capacity: their views are personal and do not reflect those of the Government of Rwanda.

My only contribution was the identification of topics, which follows the well-established structure of manuals and textbooks in drafting; the division of the report into two parts: Part 1 on the legislative process and Part 2 on drafting techniques; and the methodology of each individual entry to our report: what is current Rwandan practice, what are international standards, what is the future of Rwanda, and a short bibliography to allow the readers and users of the report to read further, if needed.

The strength of this report lies both in the methodology used and in the content offered. The breakdown of topics, their prioritization and their sequence allow the reader to acquire a holistic view on how legislation is drafted in Rwanda, but there is nothing to prevent its use in the context of surveys on legislative drafting and legislative quality in other jurisdictions. The content offers a unique insight into the legislative efforts of a jurisdiction in transition from civil to common law: both styles are assessed without prejudice, thus offering a unique fertile ground for critical assessment and practical impact analysis.

June 2013
The Values of the European Union Legal Order
Authors: Moorhead Timothy
Published: February 2025

The Values of the European Union Legal Order: Constitutional Perspectives

At the heart of the European Union legal order lie values directed collectively to the idea of European integration. As a body with significant governmental and lawmaking powers, the Union also presents itself as an institution based upon the rule of law. The Union ‘constitution’ therefore expresses both regulatory powers directed towards European integration as well as rule of law principles whose scope of application is limited by the terms of the Treaties. In this article I consider how this distinctive amalgam of values operates as a constitution for the European Union, by comparison with domestic constitutional values within the Member States. I also consider how Union constitutional demands condition and inform the legal practices of the Court of Justice. Here I identify the interpretive effects of superior Union laws –‍ the core Treaty objectives as well as rule of law principles found within the General Principles ‍– as of particular significance in developing the legal influences of the entire Union project of integration.
Negligent Prosecution
Authors: Boren Justin
Published: February 2025

Negligent Prosecution: Why Pirates Are Wreaking Havoc on International Trade
and How to Stop It

The standard of living throughout the world has been on the rise thanks in large
part to perhaps the greatest advance in the last hundred years: international
trade performed by maritime traffic. Despite modern advances in shipping
practice, the centuries-old problem of piracy has once again threatened
advancement of international trade. Although piracy is not limited to a
geographical area, the Horn of Africa has received much attention of late owing
to a resurgence of pirate attacks. Using the failed state of Somalia as a base,
pirates off the Horn of Africa have found piracy to be an extremely lucrative
business in a part of the world ravished by famine, poverty and ongoing wars.
This article calls for nations the world over to invoke universal jurisdiction
and grant to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in Hamburg,
Germany, exclusive jurisdiction over claims of piracy. In doing so, the
international community will no longer turn a blind eye to a crime that affects
all nations equally.
The Costs and Consequences of US Drug Prohibition for the Peoples of Developing Nations
Authors: Blackwell J. Michael
Published: February 2025

The Costs and Consequences of US Drug Prohibition for the Peoples of Developing Nations

The widespread production and use of illicit drugs is a social phenomenon carrying enormous social, economic, and political significance. The United States stands as a vocal and forceful proponent of prohibitionist drug controls in international policymaking. However, strictly enforced US prohibitionist drug controls largely fail to effectively reduce the consumption of narcotic drugs and ultimately create a significant number of negative consequences for many peoples throughout the world. The increased violence, government corruption and community sequestration that result from the war against drugs are deleterious to economic development among rural communities in drug producing countries. In response to these concerns, this article examines the purpose, effects and consequences of the prohibitive drug controls routinely employed by the United States. Special attention is paid to an oft-overlooked repercussion of prohibitive drug controls: the marginalisation of developmental human rights for peoples in drug producing countries.
Implementation of Better Regulation Measures in the Internal Security Draft Legislation
Authors: Kasemets Aare , Talmar-Pere Annika
Published: February 2025

Implementation of Better Regulation Measures in the Internal Security Draft Legislation: The Case of Estonia

The article analyses the implementation of better regulation measures in the internal security (IS) strategies, draft legislation and administrative routines of the Estonian Ministry of the Interior. The article includes the results of five substudies: (a) the research problem emerged from the studies of the explanatory memoranda of draft laws 2004-2009 according to which the Ministry has some deficiencies in fulfilling the better regulation requirements; (b) mapping of better regulation and internal security policy concepts; (c) content analysis of Estonian IS strategy documents; (d) systematization of Estonian IS laws; and (e) sociological e-survey of officials. Theoretical framework integrates the concepts of institutional theory, discursive democracy, realistic legisprudence and the adaptive strategic management.The main conclusions drawn by the article are as follows: the analysis of the knowledge of draft legislation and the excessive amount of laws in the IS field gives evidence of a lack of systematic regulatory impact assessment (IA); the concept of better regulation is not integrated into IS policy documents (insufficient planning and budgeting of IA); and a sociological e-survey of the officials of the Ministry indicates discontent with the management of the IA of policies and draft legislation. According to institutional analysis, this shows readiness for changes in the context of risk society challenges and adaptation with budgetary contractions.
Strengthening Child Laws in Africa
Authors: Mandlate Aquinaldo Célio
Published: February 2025

Strengthening Child Laws in Africa: Some Examples from the New Children’s Act of Angola

This article highlights some of the major contributions of the new Children’s Act of Angola (Act 25/12 of 22 August 2012) to the effect that they can be used to advance children’s rights in Africa. The article advocates that although the Angolan law is in many respects similar to other African children’s statutes, its drafters added certain remarkable aspects that can be utilised to advance children’s rights in other countries in the continent. In acknowledging these innovations and the need to strengthen child laws in Africa the contribution calls on African states to learn from the Angolan experience in their quest to advance children’s rights in their own jurisdictions. Other states are also encouraged to learn from the Angolan example.
Wrongful Testing and Its Lively Consequences
Authors: Nuninga W.Th.
Published: February 2025

Wrongful Testing and Its Lively Consequences

In this article a consecutive comparison will be made between the approaches taken towards wrongful birth and wrongful life cases in the Netherlands and in England and Wales. The systems will be evaluated in the light of the best interests of the child, the balance struck between all moral convictions involved, and legal fairness. It will be argued that the approach taken in the Netherlands is more favourable in most respects, but could improve the balance between all moral convictions involved and could enhance legal fairness by limiting the claim for material damages to costs associated with the disability of the child.
The Peculiarities of Establishing the Georgian Correspondences of the Ancient Greek Meteorological Terminology (on the Example of Claudius Ptolemy's Works)
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Popkhadze Gvantsa
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the article is to present the peculiarities of determining the Georgian equivalents of the ancient Greek meteorological terms on the example of Claudius Ptolemy's works, namely, "Tetrabiblos" or "Quadripartite", "Almagest" or "Mathematical Composition", "The Phases of the Fixed Stars" and "Geography".
The Perception of Allen Ginsberg's Poetry in the Georgian Literature (On the Example of Shota Iatashvili’s Translation of the Poem
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Samakashvili Mary
Published: February 2025

The article presents the analysis of the poem "Howl" by Allen Ginsberg - a poet of the Beat Generation. The poem consists of three parts. In the first part, the poet speaks about the best thinkers of his generation, who were destroyed by madness. In the second part, a reader learns that the destruction of people is Moloch's fault. In the third part, the poet directly addresses Carl Solomon, his friend, to whom he dedicated the poem and sympathizes with him due to his stay in psychiatric hospital and difficult days spent there. The article also discusses the main themes of the poem. "Howl" was translated into Georgian by Shota Iatashvili. The last part of the article presents the comparative analysis of the original and its Georgian translation.
Fostering the Religious Tolerance while Teaching History in the Contemporary United States and Georgia
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Donadze Nino
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the promotion of the religious tolerance through teaching history in the United States and Georgia. The topic of the article is studied by using the comparative analysis. The issue is discussed according to the curricula and textbooks of the social studies adopted by the Ministry of Education of Georgia, as well as by the educational departments of several states. The research revealed that teaching history plays a positive role in fostering tolerance, while the cases of discrimination in both countries are caused by other reasons. As for the application of the American experience in the Georgian reality, it is possible to share the teaching methods used by the Americans.
Control interno y su influencia en la toma de decisiones en el “Comercial La Economía” cantón Balzar
Authors: Chiguano-Chaluisa Livia Jessica , Quishpe-Quinchuqui Jessica Elizabeth , Medina-Armas Angélica Tamara , Hurtado-García Ketty del Rocío
Published: February 2025

El control interno constituye un sistema estructurado de procedimientos y políticas diseñados para mitigar riesgos, proteger activos organizacionales, garantizar la integridad de la información y fortalecer la conformidad con los marcos regulatorios. El estudio fue realizado con el objetivo de analizar el control interno y su influencia en la toma de decisiones en el comercial La Economía del cantón Balzar. El enfoque cuantitativo permitió cumplirlo a través de la investigación descriptiva y de campo, obteniendo información de la empresa comercial con la aplicación cuestionarios de control interno al administrador y jefe de ventas, aquel instrumento se diseñó en base a los componentes del COSO I, se aplicó por departamentos de compras y ventas. La evaluación evidenció que el control interno influye en la toma de decisiones y la gestión de recursos. En la empresa comercial, se registró un nivel de confianza del 86% y 87% para las áreas de Compras y Ventas, el margen de riesgo es asociado a la persistencia de deficiencias en la capacitación del personal y la documentación de pedidos, lo que afecta la agilidad operativa. Mejorar estas áreas optimizaría la eficiencia y la precisión en los procesos
Enseñanza de las ciencias sociales con metodologías pedagógicas de inteligencia artificial
Authors: Piedra-Castro Wilson Iván
Published: February 2025

La integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales ofrece innovaciones significativas al personalizar el aprendizaje y automatizar procesos administrativos. Este estudio analiza los desafíos y oportunidades de implementar metodologías pedagógicas basadas en IA en la educación superior. Mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura reciente, se identificaron beneficios clave como la adaptación de contenidos a necesidades individuales y la optimización del tiempo docente. No obstante, se evidencian barreras como la brecha tecnológica, la falta de formación docente y preocupaciones éticas sobre la privacidad de los datos. La personalización facilita un aprendizaje inclusivo y crítico, mientras que la automatización reduce tareas repetitivas, permitiendo a los docentes enfocarse en procesos pedagógicos significativos. Para superar las limitaciones, es esencial invertir en infraestructura tecnológica, desarrollar programas de capacitación continua y establecer políticas éticas claras. La IA tiene el potencial de transformar la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales, pero su implementación requiere un enfoque integral que garantice equidad, transparencia y uso responsable de los datos.
Estrategias universitarias en Ecuador para el fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural
Authors: Cargua-Pineda Victoria Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

El artículo "Estrategias universitarias en Ecuador para el fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural" examina las limitaciones y desafíos de las universidades ecuatorianas para promover la identidad cultural en un contexto de globalización. A través de una revisión bibliográfica, se identifican deficiencias en la inclusión de contenidos interculturales en los planes de estudio, la participación limitada de comunidades indígenas y afroecuatorianas, y la insuficiente formación docente en interculturalidad. Además, la globalización ha debilitado tradiciones culturales locales, afectando la conexión de los estudiantes con su patrimonio. El estudio propone integrar contenidos educativos contextualizados, diseñar actividades culturales sostenibles y establecer sistemas de evaluación específicos para las estrategias culturales. También destaca la importancia de incluir activamente a las comunidades en la formulación de políticas educativas. Estas acciones pueden fortalecer la diversidad cultural, mejorar la cohesión social y garantizar una educación superior más inclusiva y representativa de la riqueza cultural de Ecuador.
Los desafíos tecnológicos y el rol del contador en la automatización de procesos contables
Authors: Pilay-Asunción Dayana Damaris , Marcos-Rodriguez Kathia Laura
Published: February 2025

El estudio aborda los desafíos tecnológicos que enfrenta la contabilidad debido a la automatización y redefine el rol estratégico del contador en un entorno digitalizado. A partir de un enfoque metodológico exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional, se analizaron las transformaciones actuales en los procedimientos contables, las competencias tecnológicas requeridas y las complicaciones más comunes en la implementación de herramientas avanzadas. Los resultados evidencian que, si bien un 70% de los contadores domina software básico, persisten deficiencias en áreas críticas como análisis de datos (40%), ciberseguridad (35%) e inteligencia artificial (25%). Además, se identificaron problemas como la calidad de la información (40%), falta de conexión entre sistemas (25%) y vulnerabilidades de seguridad (20%). La discusión subraya que la adopción tecnológica está liderada por grandes empresas, mientras que las pequeñas y medianas enfrentan barreras económicas y formativas. Para superar estos desafíos, se requiere una capacitación continua que integre habilidades técnicas y estratégicas, la implementación de sistemas interoperables y el fortalecimiento de políticas de ciberseguridad. En conclusión, la automatización presenta oportunidades significativas para optimizar los procesos contables, pero su éxito depende de cerrar la brecha formativa y fomentar una cultura organizacional abierta a la innovación y la transformación digital.
Exploring the perspectives of undergraduates, graduates and managers on the skills learned in higher education engineering
Authors: Almeida Lucas Trajano de Freitas , Fontana Marcele Elisa
Published: February 2025

The current job market has increasingly required behavioral skills from engineering professionals when compared to technical skills. However, Higher Education Institutions often do not prepare undergraduates for the real job market requirements. This study set out to analyze the gap between the skills developed during higher education (HE) in engineering from the students' perspectives (undergraduates and graduates) and those required by the labor market. Two self-administration questionnaires were developed and applied to: (1) students and former students of the engineering course, and (2) companies’ managers from the same location as the course. The data were analyzed in order to answer six hypotheses research developed based on the concepts found in the literature. The results confirm there is a gap between the skills developed by the university and the skills valued by companies. This work contributes to the discussion about the quality of HE in Engineering, mainly in developing countries like Brazil.
Nível de conhecimento dos residentes médicos de pediatria e multiprofissionais de saúde da criança sobre oxigenoterapia
Authors: Moura Caroline Rodrigues de Barros , Ferreira Flávia Avancini , Castro Gláucia Fernandes
Published: February 2025

A oxigenoterapia consiste na suplementação de oxigênio (O2), objetivando garantir a oxigenação dos tecidos, através da elevação dos níveis alveolar e sanguíneo de O2. Estudos mostram uma ausência de protocolos acerca do uso de O2, devido ao fato dessa terapia ainda ser iniciada, modificada ou interrompida sem que haja uma comunicação entre a equipe. Dessa forma, busca-se identificar o grau de conhecimento dos residentes médicos de pediatria e multiprofissionais de saúde da criança de um hospital de referência materno-infantil, sobre o uso e os dispositivos utilizados na oxigenoterapia em crianças. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo, descritivo e observacional, com amostra intencional, realizado com residentes de pediatria de um hospital de referência materno-infantil, por meio do preenchimento de um questionário online. O estudo revelou que o perfil de residentes é majoritariamente formado por pessoas jovens, do sexo feminino. Pode-se observar que a maioria dos participantes acertaram as questões, e que houve um aumento gradual no número de acertos conforme o ano de residência, indicando que a experiência clínica dos residentes é acompanhada de atualizações da literatura. Assim, concluiu-se que os residentes possuem um bom nível de conhecimento em relação à oxigenoterapia. Verificou-se ainda grande dificuldade de adesão dos participantes em estudos com questionários online, uma vez que apenas 47,6% dos residentes dos dois programas participaram da pesquisa.
Conexões entre universidade, escola e lazer: ações de extensão com práticas corporais de aventura nos anos finais
Authors: Abrão Ruhena Kelber , Calheiros Vicente Cabreira , Alcântara Caio Vinícius Freitas de , Rabelo Ana Carolina Correia da Silva , Ferreira Cleidiane Lima , Borba Lindenberg Bastos , Fernandes Raphael Cardoso , Brito Ricardo Souza de
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem por objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciada pelos mestrandos em Educação Física da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), desenvolvida a partir de uma ação de extensão universitária vinculada à disciplina de Seminários de Educação Física nos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental. A referida ação teve como foco principal as práticas corporais de aventura (PCA), aplicadas em uma escola pública de tempo integral localizada no município de Palmas, capital do estado do Tocantins. As práticas elencadas pelos mestrandos regentes foram: mergulho, Kayak, Slackline, Rapel e escalada. Desse modo, pôde-se experienciar na prática como as PCA podem ser inseridas no contexto escolar, estando contidas nas laudas subsequentes não só o relato da experiência vivenciada como também percepções, críticas e reflexões acerca do modo como tem ocorrido a prática de Aventura nas escolas, seus limites, suas possibilidades e a relevância de ações pedagógicas que estimulem o aprendizado por meio do movimento, promovendo a integração social, a consciência corporal e o contato com a natureza.
Gestão escolar empreendedora e ensino inclusivo no Atendimento Educacional Especializado – AEE: o que emerge das narrativas autobiográficas?
Authors: Oliveira Cláudia de Sá , Martins Silvana Neumann
Published: February 2025

Para que a inclusão aconteça em uma escola e o AEE, de fato, seja um serviço que funcione, acredita-se que a instituição de ensino necessita de uma gestão empreendedora. Gestão esta que permeia os caminhos do empreendedorismo, tendo gestores com comportamento empreendedor. Este artigo tem como objetivo geral investigar como a gestão escolar empreendedora pode potencializar o Atendimento Educacional Especializado – AEE, contribuindo com o ensino de alunos em processo de inclusão em uma escola pública do sertão baiano. A pesquisa seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa e uma aproximação com a pesquisa narrativa (auto)biográfica, tendo sido realizada em uma escola pública do sertão baiano com quatro pessoas que fazem e fizeram parte desse contexto. Para a produção de dados da pesquisa foi utilizada a entrevista narrativa, conforme entendida por Abrahão (2005), enquanto para a análise dos dados foi utilizada uma aproximação com a análise interpretativa compreensiva, proposta por Souza (2014). A partir das narrativas, percebeu-se que um gestor que sonha, planeja, organiza e lidera consegue contribuir com o serviço do AEE, ofertado pela sala de Recursos Multifuncionais. O que se descobriu foi que uma escola com gestores empreendedores se torna diferenciada e inovadora, assim como fortalece o ensino e o seu papel pedagógico e social, tendo mais chance de se tornar protagonista de sua história.
O domínio das facções nos presídios brasileiros: desafios e perspectivas para a segurança pública
Authors: Cantanhede Taliana Cristina Cunha , Barros Valdenir Rodrigues da Silva , Lustosa Thalita Furtado Mascarenhas , Meireles Joelma Danniely Cavalcanti , Oliveira Luiz Carlos Carvalho de , Batista Eulane Coelho , Santos Karla de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Este artigo aborda o complexo e preocupante fenômeno do domínio das facções criminosas nos presídios brasileiros, analisando suas origens, expansão e impacto na sociedade. O sistema prisional, ao invés de funcionar como um meio de ressocialização, tem se tornado um terreno fértil para a consolidação de organizações como o Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) e o Comando Vermelho (CV), que exercem um poder paralelo dentro e fora das prisões. O estudo examina a evolução dessas facções, a resposta do Estado por meio de políticas públicas e medidas de controle, bem como os desafios enfrentados pelas autoridades. Além disso, são apresentados estudos de caso que ilustram a brutalidade e o controle exercido por essas organizações em prisões específicas. A conclusão reflete sobre possíveis soluções, ressaltando a necessidade de reformas estruturais no sistema prisional que priorizem a ressocialização, a dignidade humana e a efetiva redução da violência. Este tema é crucial para entender as falhas do sistema de justiça e as implicações para a segurança pública no Brasil.
Análise de erros no preenchimento de declarações de óbito em Hospital Geral Vale do Itajaí
Authors: Zaianz Caroline Ribeiro , Volpato Ariadne Beatriz , Lanna Antônio de Pádua dos Santos
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as declarações que apresentem um preenchimento inadequado, buscando identificar quais são os tipos de erros mais comuns no preenchimento das causas de óbito em um Hospital Geral no Vale do Itajaí, além de esclarecer qual a importância do preenchimento correto. Método: Foram analisadas 507 Declarações de Óbito, preenchidas no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2022 em um Hospital Geral do Vale do Itajaí. O estudo consiste em uma pesquisa quantitativa descritiva, buscando entender erros e dificuldades encontradas pelos médicos no preenchimento das declarações de óbito do Hospital. Foram incluídas todas as declarações de óbito preenchidas durante o período e excluídas as declarações de óbitos ocorridos em domicílio. Após a análise dos dados extraídos da comissão de óbito do hospital, os dados foram organizados em planilhas do Excel e analisados em gráficos utilizando as variantes necessárias para o estudo. Resultados: Foram encontradas 299 (58,9%) declarações que estavam preenchidas corretamente e 208 (41,1%) que apresentaram algum tipo de discrepância com o Manual de Preenchimento de Declaração de Óbito do Ministério da Saúde. Entre as declarações que apresentaram algum tipo de erro, 51,7% delas possuíam apenas 1 tipo de erro e 48,3% eram mais de 1 erro concomitante. O estudo mostra que o tipo de erro mais comum foi falta de nexo e ordem errada aparecendo em 49 (9,7%) declarações. De todas as declarações analisadas, apareceram em 48,3% com mais de 1 erro no seu preenchimento sendo o motivo do erro mais comum foi falta de nexo e ordem errada seguido por 32 (6,3%) declarações que apresentaram diagnóstico sindrômico como causa básica de morte, por exemplo disfunção múltipla de órgão e/ou parada cardíaca. Conclusão: Foi possível identificar que a prevalência de declarações preenchidas inadequadamente é bastante expressiva, totalizando 41,1% do total, mostrando que o tipo de erro mais comum foi falta de nexo e ordem errada aparecendo em 49 (9,7%) declarações.
Live Sports Streaming With Prioritized Media-Over-QUIC Transport
Authors: Gurel Zafer , Civelek Tugce Erkilic , Begen Ali C. , Giladi Alex
Published: February 2025

A QUIC-based low-latency delivery solution for media ingest and distribution in browser and non-browser environments is currently being developed for various use cases such as live streaming, cloud gaming, remote desktop, videoconferencing, and eSports. Operating in an Hyptertext Transfer Protocaol (HTTP)/3 environment (i.e., using WebTransport in browsers) or using raw (Quick UDP Internet Connection) QUIC transport, QUIC can revolutionize the media industry, overcoming the limitations we face with the traditional approaches that impose TCP. This study explains the design methodology and explores possible gains with QUIC's stream prioritization features.
Introduction: Optimizing Content Delivery
Authors: Pytlarz Jaclyn
Published: February 2025

Welcome SMPTE readers to our final technical paper issue of the 2024 season. We are wrapping this year up with a mixed issue. Most of our technical papers will cover improvements and proposals for ultra-low latency encoding and live-streaming applications. Our two off-topic papers on this issue will cover new HDR/SDR dynamic conversion methods with metadata and in-camera visual effects improvements utilizing SMPTE ST 2110. Here's a brief snippet for each of the papers you'll find in this issue: “Live Sports Streaming with Prioritized Media Over-QUIC Transport:” This paper explores the innovations in streaming prioritization. The authors present experimental results on latency for frame-type-based (I-frame, B-frame, P-frame) prioritization and show how the same on-time display ratio can be achieved with lower latency budgets if we apply a better prioritization scheme.
What Electronic Image Noise Signatures Can Tell Us About Image Linearity and Camera Encoding
Authors: Figueroa Ricardo R.
Published: February 2025

Electronic image noise is often described as an artifact of image capture, which typically requires correction. Several sources of electronic image noise contribute to the overall total noise in an image. Some of the noise, known as systematic noise, can be corrected for in-camera, but noise due to specific sources, like photon noise, persists after capture and increases with exposure. We study this relationship between exposure and noise and discover that this relationship reveals information about the linearity, or nonlinearity, of the image encoding. Nonlinear encoding of images through an optoelectronic transfer function (OETF) is a typical image processing step that allows for perceptually efficient use of encoding bit depth, and the accurate measurement or estimation of the OETF becomes necessary for proper processing of images through motion picture post-production workflows. We propose a method based on this relationship and demonstrate how it reveals information that can be used in an inference framework to estimate the OETF and, in turn, linearize images for accurate processing without the need for charts or specific image capture conditions. In addition, we describe the limitations of our method, for example, where extensive and adaptive noise correction can prevent our method from accurately estimating the OETF.
JPEG Status and Progress Report 2024
Authors: Foessel Siegfried , Alshina Elena , Antonini Marc , Ascenso João , Bruylants Tim , Caldwell Sabrina , Delgado Jaime , Ebrahimi Touradj , Husak Walt , Lemieux Pierre-Anthony , Pereira Fernando , Perry Stuart , Pinheiro António , Schelkens Peter , Temmermans Frederik , Watanabe Osamu
Published: February 2025

This is an updated report of the work of the Joint Technical Committee of the International Standardization Committee and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29/WG1), better known as the JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) Committee. A detailed introduction to JPEG's work has already been presented.1, 2 In this report, the focus is on the new work items since 2022. Maintenance work is also carried out but won't be described here. An overview of all JPEG work items is provided in the timetable presented in Fig. 1.
Ultra-Low Latency OTT Delivery: The Killer Technology for Betting, Social Networking and Metaverse
Authors: Raulet Mickaël , Jerbi Khaled
Published: February 2025

Ultra-low latency over-the-top (OTT) video streaming is becoming increasingly important in gaming, metaverse, and gambling applications, enabling social interaction and monetization in live events such as sports and concerts. Moreover, all those applications are conceptually converging. These applications require real-time, interactive experiences that are highly responsive and immersive, and ultra-low latency OTT streaming is essential for delivering this type of experience. Tremendous innovation resources have been invested to build robust OTT delivery systems with ultra-low latency capabilities. Necessary optimizations affect most steps, from encoding to packaging and even last-mile delivery. This paper explains a setup leveraging ultra-low latency technology using the Live Media Ingest Protocol and Just-In-Time packaging. We also explore how such a setup can be used to enable remarkable technologies that directly impact the Content Delivery Network (CDN) performance and the users' quality of experience (QoE) to achieve the seamless and immersive experience they require.
The Importance of Content Security in the Media & Entertainment Industry: Current Challenges, Future Goals, and the Role of AI
Authors: Reyes Juan
Published: February 2025

The media and entertainment (M&E) industry is more interconnected and digital than ever. With the advent of digital workflows, cloud solutions, and remote collaboration, content security has become a top priority for stakeholders. These stakeholders include content owners, service providers, theaters, and streaming platforms. The stakes are high. Content leaks before release and piracy after release can cause significant revenue losses. This can disrupt funding for future productions, resulting in a loss of work and income for service providers. More critically, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced not only heightened threats, but also expanded opportunities for securing content throughout its lifecycle. Let's explore the current state of content security, the concerns and goals we face moving forward, and the negative and positive impacts AI could have in the industry's fight to keep content secure.
Cloud-Based Internet Linear Video Delivery System Using Edge Computing on a CDN
Authors: Fukudome Daiki , Nishimura Satoshi
Published: February 2025

Internet users are increasingly exposed to linear streaming services. In several linear delivery platforms that use Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) adaptive streaming (HAS), programs are scheduled in a manipulated manifest file as a playlist. However, when an urgent program is dynamically inserted, like television broadcasting, ensuring reliable and rapid program switching is difficult, especially in low-latency delivery, because all the players' manifest files must be quickly updated. Thus, we propose a cloud-based HAS linear delivery system that facilitates prompt schedule changes by utilizing edge computing within the content delivery network (CDN). We propose an end-to-end system that focuses on the efficient use of cloud resources for encoding and program switching at pre-scheduled times by leveraging the CDN's edge capabilities and simple low-latency playback. Moreover, the prompt program schedule changes are addressed, particularly in scenarios involving dynamic program insertions and the replacement of certain programs based on viewers' attributes on CDN edge.