bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post Pandemic Covid-19 Economic Recovery: Enabling Latin America and the Caribbean to Better Harness E-commerce and Digital Trade
Authors: Díaz de Astarloa Bernardo , Mulder Nanno , Corcuera-Santamaría Sandra , Weck Winfried , Barreiros Lucas , Contreras Huerta Rodrigo , Patiño Alejandro
Published: August 2021

This report shows that Latin America and the Caribbean faces critical policy challenges going forward. It must accelerate the digital transformation to allow businesses and consumers to adapt to a new normal and leverage pandemic recovery to create stronger economies, and also tackle long-standing barriers to adopting digital technologies and bridging digital divides. These have impeded sustained and equitable economic growth even before the pandemic struck. This crisis should be a wake-up call for governments, the private sector, civil society, and international development partners to come together and take concerted actions to advance on consistent, long-term, and sustainable e-commerce strategies that are at the forefront of national and regional productive development agendas. Just as digital solutions allowed countries to overcome the increased role of distance within the context of the pandemic in shaping consumption and business, they should also be harnessed to increase regional economic integration beyond this emergency situation.
BID América Vol. 25, no. 11-12, noviembre-diciembre 1998
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

BID América cubre las tendencias del desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. Se publica 10 veces al año en castellano e inglés.
Sistema previsional argentino y directrices para la Prestación Universal para el Adulto Mayor (PUAM)
Authors: Arellan ,Samuel
Published: August 2021

Este documento número siete de la serie de documentos de asistencia técnica de la Red PLAC tiene como título “Sistema previsional argentino y directrices para la Prestación Universal para el Adulto Mayor (PUAM)”. Contiene directrices y recomendaciones para fortalecer la operación de este programa en cinco aspectos principales: 1) los criterios para la determinación del nivel de la pensión universal no contributiva; 2) el diseño de esquemas de integración de la pensión universal no contributiva con el pilar contributivo del régimen general; 3) el análisis de alternativas de articulación de la pensión universal con los beneficios previsionales otorgados por otros regímenes contributivos; 4) la evaluación de las fuentes de financiamiento de la pensión, y 5) los mecanismos de actualización del monto de la pensión para preservar su valor real en el tiempo.
Pamięć zbiorowa i dziennikarstwo newsowe
Authors: Wadowski Dariusz
Published: August 2021

The main goal of the article is to analyze the relationship between news journalism and collective memory. Based on the basic principles of news journalism, the specifics of the forms in which references to the past appear in media information materials are shown. Typification, premeditation and remediation were indicated as the most significant processes determining the ways of the presence of memory content in news. The main types of references to the past within news journalism were also discussed.
Ewangelie Nowego Testamentu jako reportaże
Authors: Wolny-Zmorzyński Kazimierz
Published: August 2021

The author treats the Gospels of New Testament as reports. He does not cosider them a literary work, but a dokumentary work in which the reader finds true details about the life of Jesus Christ. The texts aer a role model for reporters both in terms of talking about reality and imitating the reporters attitude.
Przykazania właściwego stosunku do mediów ojca profesora Leona Dyczewskiego a komunikacja marketingowa
Authors: Duda Aneta
Published: August 2021

The article refers to the principles of “appropriate attitude to the media” formulated by Father Professor Leon Dyczewski to contemporary marketing communication: advertising and public relations. In line with his recommendations, the issue of media education was taken up in relation to the knowledge and competence of advertising reception. Based on the research by Seth Ashley and colleagues a scale for measuring media literacy was developed, with particular emphasis on content creation techniques and reception of advertising. The model includes elements of knowledge measurement about 1) the ways in which media outlets effectively reach their audience, 2) messages & meanings of advertising, and 3) advertising representations and reality. The scale of Ashley and colleagues was extended to include additional media literacy measures. Two new components have been added: measures for self-assessment of media literacy (subjective media literacy) and the importance that receivers attach to media literacy.
Injection methods of penis enlargement
Authors: Boiko M.I. , Notsek M.S.
Published: August 2021

Review objective: to evaluate the current scientific evidence of all available injectable methods of penis enlargement, to evaluate their effectiveness.Materials and methods. A systematic search of scientific medical information include databases MEDLINE, Embase, AMED and HMIC. A manual web search of relevant links in the found texts was performed.Results. Conditions in which phallus thickening is used: concern with penis size or small penis syndrome, penile dysmorphophobia, penis reduction (radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, Peyronie's disease, congenital anomalies, erectile dysfunction).Injectable thickening of penis started using in the in the early XX century, paraffin and mineral oils were introduced. In the 1940s, safer liquid silicone and polymethyl methacrylate were used. Gel-like biodegradable materials are currently popular because they lack most of the disadvantages of permanent substances: hyaluronic acid, polylactic acid, dextran gel and mixtures of these substances. Thickening of the penis depends on the volume inserted filler and averages + 2–4 cm in circumference.In 2003, Moon et al. for the first time proposed a method of enlarging the penis head with hyaluronic acid. Other drugs were also used: hydrogel, polyacrylamide and dextran gel. Hyaluronic acid is the most commonly used drug. Promising filler is polylactic acid, which stimulates the fibroblasts development at the injection site and is relatively safe to use. The circumference length of the penis head can be increased by an average of 1.5 cm.Conclusion. Penis enlargement procedures are gaining popularity among men. However, there are a limited number of scientific papers that would describe the results and complications of these procedures. Further research is needed to study the impact of penis enlargement techniques on men's sex life and well-being, because it is the key motivating factor in turning to experts on this issue.
Selective catalytic hydrogenation of the triple bond in acetylenic alcohols in a microcapillary reactor for fine organic synthesis
Authors: Okhlopkova L. B. , Kravchenko K. A. , Kerzhentsev M. A. , Ismagilov Z. R.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this work is to present our latest achievements in the design, synthesis and development of a new catalytic microreactor for the processes of selective and continuous synthesis of substances with added value that are used in fine organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industries. In this advanced device, metal nanoparticles are embedded in mesoporous materials, which are deposited in the form of highly active and selective catalytic films on the walls of capillary microchannels with diameters of 220 and 530 μm. In such microreactor systems, there is no subsequent separation of the catalyst, which facilitates continuous operation. Potentially the most stable coatings are crystalline or amorphous titanium dioxide based metal oxides synthesized by the sol-gel method and containing embedded catalytically active polymetallic nanoparticles. The catalytic properties and operational stability of capillary microreactors were investigated at atmospheric pressure and compared with conventional industrial batch reactors. The developed Pd50Zn50 /TiO2 coating showed a higher activity (1.5 gMBE·gPd–1·s–1) and selectivity (96.7 %) in comparison with the coatings described earlier in the literature and with the industrial Lindlar catalyst, and retained high catalytic performance after 88 hours of reaction.
Ethical Corporate Communications Management: Example of Ukrainian Brewing Industry
Authors: Vostriakov Oleksandr , Volokhova Liudmyla , Volokhova Galyna , Volokhova Anastasiia , Nazarenko Olga
Published: August 2021

Present research conceptualises the notion of ethical management of corporate communications and analyses management of social corporate responsibility strategies in the brewing industry of Ukraine. Due to the current legal restrictions on advertising and promotion, brewing companies are forced to resort to complex methods of indirect influence on consumer behaviour, including corporate social responsibility as an element of corporate identity, in order to improve their image and reputation.
Encouraging Interaction Within Online Discussion
Authors: Baldwin Brooklyn
Published: August 2021

Project Abstract
In order to encourage interaction among secondary students in an online discussion space,I conducted research on how group size and mode of communication might affect different levels of interaction. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether levels of interaction between students vary online versus in a face-to-face setting. The study also evaluates prompteddiscussiontools that mayallow for more effective online interaction between students. More specifically, I sought to answer whether uptake questions and/or high-level thinking questions promoted online interaction.The data was obtained from evaluatingsix discussion methods in each of the seven classrooms. In order to evaluate the data, a research assistant was trained to analyze the interactions between students.Aconclusion was then drawn on the effectiveness of the uptake question frequency and high-level thinking question frequency methods, as well as group size, in an online discussion space.
 Watch Our Interview with Brooklyn about her Project
Breaking Barriers: Trailblazing Women in Sports Media
Authors: Hines Alexa
Published: August 2021

Women in sports media are continuing to make strides, years after the first women entered the industry. Two trailblazers in the female sports media world are Lesley Visser and Melissa Ludtke. In everyday life, women have achieved equality in many ways, in part due to acts like Title IX. However, there are still reflections of inequality and discrimination of females in sports media today—discrimination is often directed at female athletes and female reporters. In this research, the moments discussed in each sports journalist’s section touch upon breaking barriers and the obstacles these women faced while being a trailblazing female in this industry. These women have faced bias, underrepresentation, and, at times, a hostile culture. Based on research and personal one-on-one interviews, I approach Visser and Ludtke in an exploration of their histories, where women in sports media stand today, and where women could be headed. Women have persevered in this male-dominated industry, but there are some who still feel that they don’t belong in this men’s club.
Obiekty militarno-wojskowe z czasów II wojny światowej na Dolnym Śląsku jako produkt turystyczny: aktualne wykorzystanie i szanse rozwoju
Authors: Chylińska Dagmara
Published: August 2021

Dolny Śląsk jest regionem predestynowanym do rozwoju turystyki militarnej ze względu na znaczący potencjał obiektów militarno-wojskowych z czasów II wojny światowej. Część z nich, m.in. obiekty podziemnego kompleksu „Riese”, stanowi gotowy produkt turystyczny, na który składają się zagospodarowane atrakcje turystyczne, infrastruktura turystyczna, promocja, rejestrowany ruch turystyczny oraz pozostałe komplementarne usługi. Inne obiekty militarne, zaliczane do umocnień Linii Środkowej Odry, stanowią potencjalny produkt turystyczny.
Polityka lokalizacyjna wybranych systemów hotelowych
Authors: Kowalczyk Andrzej
Published: August 2021

Artykuł dotyczy współczesnych tendencji w polityce lokalizacyjnej systemów hotelowych działających w skali międzynarodowej. Poza przedstawieniem jej ogólnych uwarunkowań, szerzej omówiono politykę lokalizacyjną ośmiu wybranych łańcuchów i sieci, interpretując ją z punktu widzenia teorii dyfuzji innowacji.
La prescripción tributaria de las acciones de la Administración para exigir el pago, determinar la obligación tributaria y aplicar sanciones. Revisión crítica y breves reflexiones
Authors: Aguayo López Juan Maximiliano
Published: August 2021

En el presente artículo, se realiza una revisión general de algunos de los principales aspectos vinculados a la prescripción tributaria que recae sobre las acciones de la Administración Tributaria para exigir el pago, determinar la obligación tributaria y aplicar sanciones. Para tales efectos, se analiza críticamente el régimen jurídico peruano contenido en el Código Tributario, y la jurisprudencia aplicable, a fin de identificar aquellas zonas que merecen más atención por parte de la academia, las entidades resolutoras de controversias tributarias y el legislador.
Algunos apuntes sobre energía y tributación
Authors: De la Vega Rengifo Beatriz
Published: August 2021

La energía es pilar fundamental para el desarrollo de la sociedad y los sectores económicos que la componen; sin embargo, es una de las mayores fuentes de emisión de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI), por lo que múltiples países alrededor del globo han visto por conveniente promover cambios en su matriz energética, a través de incentivos tributarios a la inversión, generación y consumo de energía proveniente de fuentes menos contaminantes, como son los Recursos Energéticos Renovables (RER), e implementar a su vez impuestos al carbono, entre otras razones, para reducir el consumo de combustibles fósiles.Todo ello se enmarca dentro de la lucha mundial contra el cambio climático y el cumplimiento de los compromisos asumidos en el marco del Acuerdo de París para reducir las emisiones de GEI a nivel país.A continuación, se analiza cómo se ha venido dando la introducción de los impuestos al carbono en el contexto internacional ofreciendo una contextualización de los cambios realizados en múltiples países, no sin antes repasar algunos incentivos fiscales a la generación de energía mediante RER en el Perú, para finalmente reflexionar sobre la necesidad de que, además de una reforma regulatoria, se analice la incorporación de una reforma fiscal que considere el estatus de la transición energética y la lucha contra el cambio climático en el Perú sobre la base de la experiencia internacional previamente analizada; todo ello con el objetivo de ofrecer un profundo análisis sobre la evolución de los sistemas fiscales en la implementación de tributos relacionados con el sector de la energía y el cuidado del medio ambiente.
El delito de tráfico de drogas en el ordenamiento jurídico español. Un repaso a algunas de las cuestiones más relevantes de la regulación penal actual
Authors: Casanueva Sanz Itziar
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo realiza una breve exposición sobre la regulación penal española en relación al delito de tráfico de drogas y los preceptos aplicables a aquellas personas que delinquen como consecuencia de su drogodependencia. Si bien existe una vinculación entre drogas y delincuencia, no existe unanimidad sobre cuál es el mecanismo que debe utilizar el Estado para hacer frente a dicho consumo y tráfico, el legislador español ha optado por una regulación amplia del delito de tráfico de drogas, lo cual resulta ciertamente excesivo. Es por ello, que se analizará la regulación de este delito en el artículo 368 del Código Penal de español.
​Micronutrients: Role in Plants, their Spatial Deficiency and Management in Indian Soils: A Review
Authors: Jayara Alok Singh , Pandey Sharad , Kumar Rajeew
Published: August 2021

Soil fertility and plant nutrition, both are governed by criteria of essentiality (Arnon and Stout in 1939 and further modified by Arnon in 1954). Earlier there were 16 essential elements and now it is 17. Researchers, policymakers and farmers mostly concerned themselves for the primary nutrients i.e. NPK to manage the crops and it further aggravate the deficiency of micronutrients which is now major concern for all because it is affecting human and animal nutrition along with plants. This deficiency is concerns not only the plant nutrition but has far reaching implication in form of nutritional insecurity among the livestock and marginal section of population. Thus it is important to study the importance of the micronutrients to take care these challenges and the management of micronutrients in crop production is based on their spatial distribution. Therefore, an attempt has been made to summarize importance of micronutrients for crop production according to their spatial distribution in India.
Trend in Area, Production and Productivity of Pigeon Pea in Myanmar
Authors: Thu May Myat , Rasoli Sebghatullah Rashid , Gracy C.P.
Published: August 2021

Background: Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is the third most important pulse crop of Myanmar. The country is the biggest exporter of pigeon pea accounting for nearly (90%) of the total global export volumes. This study evaluates trends in the area, production and productivity of pigeon pea in Myanmar. Methods: The study is based on 10 years (2008 to 2017) secondary data obtained from the Myanmar MOALI and FAOSTAT. CAGR and multiple regression were adopted as the study methods. Result: Results indicated that due to an increase in harvesting area and productivity, pigeon pea production increased from 7,65,000 MT in 2008 to 7,98,689 MT in 2017. However, CAGR indicated a nonsignificant decrease.
Metodologia para Avaliação de Rotas Cicloviárias sob o Enfoque da Psicologia Ambiental
Authors: Almeida Cristiano Farias , Hamer Luciana Joyce , Cools Mario
Published: August 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver uma metodologia de implantação de sistemas cicloviários em cidades de médio porte, baseada na Psicologia Ambiental e nas características físicas do espaço urbano. Para o estudo do comportamento do indivíduo no meio urbano foram adotados os parâmetros de legibilidade e apreensão do "lugar", além dos fundamentos apresentados pela Psicologia Ambiental: espaço pessoal, territorialidade, privacidade e densidade/apinhamento em sua relação com o ciclismo. As variáveis ”‹”‹apresentadas foram mensuradas por meio da Análise Hierárquica, na qual o objetivo foi avaliar o Índice de Condição de Via, que possibilitou a definição de um segmento mais eficiente de uma rede viária1 para compor o sistema cicloviário. A metodologia é composta pelas seguintes etapas: delimitação da área de estudo, caracterização da área de estudo, identificação dos segmentos com maior potencial para viagens com bicicletas, avaliação do índice de condição do percurso, análise das oportunidades de intervenção e escolha do trecho de implantação. Como validação do método apresentado foi feito um estudo de caso na cidade de Goiânia. Assim, pretende-se auxiliar gestores e profissionais na implantação de sistemas cicloviários dentro de uma perspectiva comportamental.
Consumo de plantas ornamentales como suplemento de la dieta del mono araña (Ateles fusciceps robustus)
Authors: Montaña Restrepo Sonia Esther , Navas Panadero Alexander , Luna Cruz Ana María
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la palatabilidad de Monstera deliciosa Liebm, Eugenia myrtifolia sims y Justicia carnea lindl en programas de alimentación de mono araña de cabeza negra (Ateles fusciceps robustus). Esta investigación se desarrolló en la Fundación Zoológico Santacruz, localizada en el San Antonio del Tequendama (Colombia). Se utilizaron ocho animales adultos en cautiverio, los cuales tuvieron una ración complementaria. Asimismo, se ofreció forraje producido en el centro de conservación con 60 días de rebrote. Además, se determinó el consumo de forraje verde y materia seca de la planta completa y de cada fracción (hojas y tallos); y se evaluó la relación hoja: tallo y la calidad nutricional de la planta completa y de cada fracción. En el proceso, se empleó un diseño dado completamente al azar y de estadística descriptiva; para ello, se utilizó el programa Infostat®. Se presentaron diferencias entre especies en el consumo de forraje verde y materia seca de la planta completa (p = 0,0001, p < 0,0001, respectivamente) y de las fracciones hoja (p = 0,0002, p = 0,0001, respectivamente) y tallo (p < 0,0001, p < 0,0001, respectivamente). Como resultado, las especies presentaron buena calidad nutricional, siendo mayor en J. carnea, seguida de M. deliciosa y E. myrtifolia y se notó una relación positiva hoja: tallo, aunque se presentaron diferencias (p < 0,0001) entre las especies. Las especies evaluadas presentan potencial para ser utilizadas en los centros de conservación en cautiverio en planes de alimentación para Ateles fusciceps robustus.
Descripción diagnóstica y terapéutica de pythiosis equina: reporte de caso
Authors: Gallego Rodríguez Remso Sneider , Leysner Tavera Jesika , Lujan Giraldo Juan Diego , Montoya Henao Tatiana Vanessa
Published: August 2021

La pythiosis se relaciona comúnmente con ambientes tropicales húmedos y pantanosos. Esta es considerada una enfermedad piogranulomatosa, la cual afecta principalmente en equinos la piel y el tejido subcutáneo. Además, ocurre con mayor frecuencia en los miembros, el rostro y la región abdominal. Se presenta a la clínica veterinaria de la Corporación Universitaria Remington un equino de sexo hembra, pelaje pinto, con una edad de once años; el motivo de consulta de la paciente es una lesión a nivel ventral abdominal, la cual es de tijo granulomatoso ulcerativo y aparentemente necrótico. El animal presenta secreción mucopurulenta activa y continua con varios tractos fistulosos. Asimismo, al lavado de la herida se evidencia la presencia de estructuras compatibles con kunkers. El plan diagnóstico incluye hemograma y química sanguínea básica. Se envía un hisopado de la herida con el fin de evaluar el crecimiento bacteriano en el cultivo y el antibiograma. A nivel terapéutico, se inicia VeterflucinaR (compuesto a base de penicilina G, estreptomicina, flumetasona) y metronidazol a nivel local. Se realizan infiltraciones en la lesión con KenacortR (acetato de triamcinolona); la respuesta al tratamiento instaurado es parcialmente efectiva, con lo cual se decide hacer la remoción quirúrgica de la herida, retirando una estructura con una longitud de 15 cm de largo, 7 cm de ancho y un peso de 300 gramos. El animal responde satisfactoriamente a la cirugía y a la fecha no ha mostrado reincidencia de la patología.
Melanoma maligno cutáneo con metástasis sistémica en una hembra de tigre de bengala blanca (Panthera tigris tigris)
Authors: González González Gustavo Alonso , Centeno Aldana Vanesa
Published: August 2021

La presencia del melanoma maligno cutáneo en felinos exóticos está pobremente reportada. Una hembra de tigre de Bengala blanca (Panthera tigris tigris), de 6 años, no castrada, solitaria y viviendo en un ambiente adecuado, fue evaluada por la presencia de una masa cerca del ojo izquierdo. La histopatología de la biopsia remitida mostró la presencia de melanocitos con características anaplásicas (pleomorfismo, citomegalia, cariomegalia, binucleación), área hemorrágica y foco inflamatorio fibrinoso. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue melanoma maligno. Dos meses después del diagnóstico, la tigresa manifestó un deterioro considerable con pérdida de peso y presencia de una masa redonda en el cuello. En aquel momento, por su tamaño, el melanoma obstruía totalmente la visión. Con base en esto, y por razones humanitarias, el animal fue eutanasiado. Al momento de la necropsia, se observó metástasis en pulmones, pleura y riñones. Este caso evidencia la importancia de dar a conocer la presentación de melanomas en especies poco reportadas.
Propuesta de rehabilitación con “textile reinforced mortar” de un reservorio de agua apoyado de concreto armado con fisuras no estructurales en el distrito de Villa Maria Del Triunfo
Authors:   , Aquino Baltazar Joe Bryan , Miranda Bellido Herbert Edwin
Published: August 2021

La presente tesis tiene como finalidad demostrar que es posible la rehabilitación de un reservorio de agua de concreto armado apoyado con fisuras no estructurales usando Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM). Para el desarrollo de la tesis, se eligió como muestra uno de los trece reservorios que figuran en el estudio para la ampliación y mejoramiento de los sistemas de agua potable y alcantarillado de los sectores 311, 313, 330, 310, 312, 314, 300, 307, 319, 324, y 301 Nueva Rinconada, distritos de San Juan de Miraflores, Villa María del Triunfo y Villa el Salvador. El reservorio seleccionado fue el R -6A, el cual tiene una antigüedad de aproximadamente 30 años y tiene una capacidad de 750 m3. Para identificar la zona donde se propone la rehabilitación del reservorio seleccionado, fue necesario identificar el origen de la falla, por lo que adicionalmente al diagnóstico obtenido del expediente técnico, se realizó la configuración estructural del reservorio con los datos obtenidos en campo. De este modo, los resultados hallados permitieron verificar que el diseño planteado hace más de 30 años cumplen con la normativa actual, comprobándose que las fallas que presenta el reservorio no son estructurales. Asimismo, los cálculos permitieron conocer la ubicación del área afectada, información que fue necesaria para elaborar la propuesta de rehabilitación con TRM y la alternativa seleccionada para la rehabilitación del muro del reservorio fue una matriz de mortero Sika Rep y una malla de refuerzo Sika Ward 350 G. En la presente tesis, se realizaron los ensayos correspondientes a este material compuesto y se plantea el procedimiento para la rehabilitación, así como las pruebas de calidad necesarias para garantizar el apropiado uso de esta tecnología en constante desarrollo.
Propuesta de plan de mejora en la gestión de agua y energía para la mitigación de Impactos Ambientales en edificios multifamiliares existentes de cinco pisos basado en recomendaciones EDGE. Caso: Block 03 – Condominio Héroes de San Juan y Miraflores
Authors:   , Lovera Cabrera Luciana Sofia
Published: August 2021

Actualmente, el planeta está sufriendo cambios climáticos debido a los gases del efecto invernadero; dentro de estos el más importante es el CO2, consecuencia del impacto ambiental que generan las industrias, y las diferentes actividades cotidianas que realizan los habitantes. En el Perú durante los últimos años las emisiones de CO2 se han incrementado con mayor aceleración. Dentro de tal contexto, el sector de la construcción es de los que más contaminación genera debido a la diversidad de materiales que utiliza para la preparación de concreto, además de los agregados que se extrae de la naturaleza. Justamente para lidiar con la contaminación y con el déficit de viviendas, cada vez se construyen más edificios teniendo en cuenta el factor ambiental. Sin embargo, actualmente existen gran cantidad de edificios que generan toneladas de CO2. Por tal motivo, este estudio se centra en el desarrollo de un plan de mejora basado en recomendaciones EDGE; certificadora de edificios sostenibles en el mercado inmobiliario peruano en la gestión de agua y energía; para que los habitantes de edificios multifamiliares existentes gestionen el uso agua y energía de manera eficaz, que posteriormente se traduce en menor emisión de CO2. Se aplicó el plan de mejora a un edificio multifamiliar de cinco pisos perteneciente al condominio Héroes de San Juan y Miraflores, en el que se evidenció una reducción del 30.22% en el consumo de agua, 23.95% en el consumo de energía, y como consecuencia una reducción en la emisión de CO2 de un 24%.
Factors Affecting Future Expectations of 12. Grade Students’ Preparation for Higher Education in Schools
Authors: GÜNGÖR Halime , ERÇETİN Şefika Şule
Published: August 2021

Purpose of research is to determine views of students, teachers and school administrators about factors affecting and extent to which factors affect in what degree to 12th grade students' future expectations in school environment during high school preparation period. Descriptive survey model from quantitative research methods was used in research. Proportional stratified sampling was used to determine study sample. Totally 2509 participants that is 2072 students, 380 teachers and 57 administrators participated in the research. It was concluded that the perceptions of students and teachers differ according to their gender but the perceptions of the administrators do not differ. According to research results, students who attend schools with high success think that school-related factors have more impact on their future expectations than students who have low success. Teachers' and administrators’ perceptions do not differ according to the type of school they work in, success of school, and their level of hope for future. Activities aimed at structuring future expectations of students should be planned by school administration and the functionality of guidance services in schools should be increased. School administrators should take the lead in preparing school environment and planning program where teachers can take care of students individually.
Pemahaman Siswa Kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Pujer dalam Menyelesaikan Soal AKM Numerasi
Authors: Purwanto Ageng Jelly
Published: August 2021

Ujian Nasional (UN) telah diganti menjadi Asesmen Nasional (AN) oleh Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. AN adalah asesmen yang dilakukan untuk pemetaan mutu pendidikan pada semua sekolah. Di dalam AN itu ada tiga instrumen, salah satunya Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM). AKM Numerasi adalah kemampuan berpikir menggunakan konsep, prosedur, fakta, dan alat matematika untuk menyelesaikan masalah sehari-hari pada berbagai jenis konteks yang relevan untuk individu sebagai warga negara Indonesia dan Dunia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini berupa hasil tes dan wawancara. Sumber data utama dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Pujer. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pemahaman siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Pujer masih rendah, hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh hasil penyelesaian tes yang belum mencapai 50% dari total seluruh siswa, sehingga perlu lebih banyak dikenalkan model-model soal AKM khususnya Numerasi kepada siswa

 Kata kunci: AKM, Numerasi, Pemahaman
Etnomatematika pada Riasan dan Atribut Bagian Kepala Paes Ageng sebagai Paket Tes Siswa
Authors: Damayanti Amalia , Yudianto Erfan , Sugiarti Titik , Yudiyati Yayuk
Published: August 2021

Pendidikan merupakan proses perubahan sikap dan perilaku yang diatur menurut kurikulum. Kurikulum memuat beberapa materi pelajaran salah satunya matematika. Namun sebagian besar siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi etnomatemi pada rias wajah dan atribut kepala paes ageng yang dilakukan oleh mempelai wanita di Desa Blambangan Muncar Banyuwangi dan menjadikannya paket tes siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konsep matematika pada riasan dan atribut penampang kepala paes ageng yang meliputi konsep bangun datar dan konsep transformasi geometri. Konsep sosok ceper muncul dalam bentuk atribut dan tata rias pengantin. Konsep transformasi geometri tampak pada peletakan atribut paes ageng. Hasil penelitian ini akan menjadi paket tes siswa.

Kata kunci: Etnomatematika, Paes Ageng, Paket Tes Siswa
A Cross-sectional study among Hospital Employees- Metabolic Syndrome and Shift Work
Authors: Kumar Santhosh E , B Antonisamy , Kirupakaran Henry , Alex Reginald G
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Shift workers and metabolic syndrome are on the rise in developing nations. The link between Metabolic syndrome and shiftwork is not clear. This study aims to measure the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among shift workers and daytime workers and to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and shift work. Methods: Cross- sectional study was done in a South Indian hospital. Participants were selected via systematic random sampling between the age group of 25 -50 years. There were two study groups – day and shift workers. Sample size calculation was done with an alpha error of 0.05 and power of 80% to detect a 12.5% difference for metabolic syndrome prevalence between the two groups. Outcomes studied include the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and odds of developing metabolic syndrome among shift workers. The Chi-square test and independent t-test were the tests of significance used. The impact of relevant parameters on metabolic syndrome was assessed using univariate and multivariable analysis. Results: Eighty employees were studied in each group. At baseline, differences include; daytime workers were older in age, had a better quality of sleep, were less active physically, and consisted of more vegetarians. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome prevalence was thirty-three percent among the participants. The odds ratio (adjusted for relevant confounders) for shift workers to develop metabolic syndrome was 0.55 (95% CI 0.24 -1.29). Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in a third of the hospital employees studied. There was no statistical difference between shift and daytime workers for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Increased awareness, screening, and preventive measures of the disease are recommended.Keywords: daytime, hospital, metabolic syndrome, shift work, sleep
Numerical Analysis of Modified Bed-profiles due to the Presence of a Rubble Mound Breakwater using Physics-Based Morphology Model[SeoulFoam]
Authors: Cho Yong Jun
Published: August 2021

Among the many scouring-protection works near a rubble mound breakwater, stacking armoring rocks in multiple or single layers are most popular. The rationale of these scouring-protection works is based on the Equilibrium regime or the maximum scouring depth. However, considering natural beaches, which constantly change their shape according to sea waves conditions, the equilibrium regime or the maximum scouring depth mentioned above seems to foot on the fragile physical background. In this study, in order to test the above hypothesis, numerical simulations were carried out on the partial reflection from the slopes of rubble mound breakwater, and its ensuing standing waves formed in the front seas of a breakwater, the change in the bed profiles due to the formation of standing waves, and scouring depth at the base of a rubble mound breakwater. In doing so, numerical simulations were implemented using OlaFoam, an OpenFoam-based toolbox, and SeoulFoam (Cho, 2020), a physics-based morphology model. Numerical results show that the wave length of sand waves is closely linked with the incoming wave period, while amplitudes of sand waves are determined by incoming wave height. Moreover, the seabed profiles underwent significant changes due to the presence of a rubble mound breakwater. It was shown that the size of sand waves increased when compared before the installation, and the shape of sand waves is getting skewed toward the shore direction. It was also shown that as exposure time to standing waves increased, the amplitude of sand waves also increased, and the scouring depth near the base of a breakwater increased. These results are contrary to the Equilibrium regime, and the scouring prevention works based on the stacking of armoring rocks should be re-evaluated.
DOES DENTAL STUDENTS' ATTENDANCE IN CLASSROOM LECTURES DEPEND ON THE MODE OF ATTENDANCE TRACKING?
Authors: Mawardi Hani , Alharbi Waad , Alamoudi Waleed , Felemban Osama , Almazrooa Soulafa , Alhadlag Emad
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The necessity to attend classroom lectures is a disputable topic among dental schools globally. Since there is an ongoing debate on different aspects of this problem in literature, the purpose of this study was to compare students’ attitudes toward classroom attendance and investigate if stricter attendance tracking methods could lead to better classroom attendance at two dental schools utilising different modes of tracking students’ attendance. Method: This was an observational, cross-sectional survey distributed among dental students enrolled at King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU) and King Saud University (KSU) in Saudi Arabia. The survey included questions on demographics, average travel time, student's attitudes toward classroom lectures and common reasons for absenteeism. Collected data were analysed and summarised as frequencies and percentages and then compared using the Chi-square test for statistical significance. 
Findings: The study involved 678 participants from KAU and 475 participants from KSU. In general, there was a significant difference in students’ attendance between both schools in which 26.8% of KAU dental students skipped 5 or more lectures/month compared to 11.5% of students at KSU. Among the factors affecting classroom lecture attendance, commuting time was a major one reported by students (44.8% of students at KSU and 51.4% at KAU needed 30-60 min to reach their schools). The availability of lectures through online resources and the necessity to study for exams were additional factors reported by students of both schools. Implications for research and practices: Based on the current data, the school’s method to track students’ attendance may have a role in the pattern of classroom absenteeism.
HOW TO DEVELOP DIGITAL COMPETENCE IN PRE-SERVICE FL TEACHERS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL
Authors: Maiier Nataliia , Koval Tamara
Published: August 2021

The study aims to investigate pre-service teachers’ readiness to use digital resources for foreign language teaching; to find out the pre-service teachers’ attitudes to the development of their digital competence; to outline the ways of the development of the digital competence. A mixed research design was employed which involved 56 pre-service teachers of Kyiv National Linguistic University in 2019-2020. The quantitative research method was employed to assess the level of digital competence in the pre-service foreign language (FL) teachers using the Fisher Criterion. The qualitative research method allowed analysing and interpreting data of the experimental learning. The results showed that the pre-service FL teachers who were consulted by in-service teachers and used checklists for systematical assessment of their digital skills in progress had higher results than those who were only consulted by in-service teachers. Also, the qualitative method aimed to gain data about the pre-service teachers’ attitudes to using digital resources for teaching foreign languages. For that purpose, a closed-ended questionnaire for the pre-service teachers was suggested as a data collection tool. It was determined that the digital competence is a necessary component of the teacher’s professional competence which affects the success of the learning process. The digital competence can be developed in two areas: the Digital Resources Managing Area and Methodological Managing of Digital Resources Area. The criteria for critical selection, analysis and assessment of digital resources were singled out.
DENTAL STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE LEARNING DUE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN BULGARIA
Authors: Avramova Nadya , Mihaylova Ivanka
Published: August 2021

Purpose. As dental education was significantly influenced by the novel coronavirus pandemic, this study aims to investigate pre-clinical dental students’ perspectives on the implementation of remote education and school closure due to COVID-19 pandemic, self-reported effectiveness of on-line learning as well as their educational and personal experiences. Method. A self-administered questionnaire was posted online to a total of 258 out of 516 second and third-year preclinical dental students in Dec 2020/Jan 2021 at Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria. Survey items focused on 3 general domains: student attitude, assessment, and concerns regarding online learning; student current knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 pandemic and student opinion of pandemic psychological impact on public health, personal experiences and intention for vaccination. Findings. One-hundred and sixty-nine students responded to the survey (response rate 65.5%). Most of them (70.4%) approved suspension of face-to-face classes due to the COVID-19 crisis. Eighty percent expressed dissatisfaction toward online teaching sessions and agreed that this will have negative effects on their education. Fifty-eight percent did not find remote education more stressful than in-person training. More concerns were expressed about financial issues than mental health problems. Intention for getting vaccinated was expressed by 53.3% and 40.8% thought that the vaccine would cause many side health effects. Implications for research and practice. Within the limitations of the study, identified gaps in online education could help increase effectiveness of learning environment and create opportunity to enhance education for the future. Dental student thoughts about COVID-19 vaccinations provide valuable information to administrators, public health professionals and policy makers to improve efforts towards preserving, protecting, and promoting public health.
Relationship between rainfall and streamflow in the La Plata Basin: annual cycles, interdecadal and multidecadal variability
Authors: Gulizia Carla , Camilloni Inés
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to understand the interaction between rainfall and streamflow variability in the La Plata basin (LPB) along a wide range of timescales. LPB is divided in six sub-basins associated to the main rivers (Paraguay, Paraná, Uruguay and Iguazú). The amplification of the streamflow response is addressed in order to evaluate to what extent river discharges variability can be explained by precipitation fluctuations. Mean annual cycles corresponding to 1931-2010 period and to each of the decades comprising it are analyzed. Streamflow interdecadal changes are observed in most of the gauging stations. In addition, an 11-year moving-average filter is applied to the normalized annual time series. Results exhibit a considerable higher percentage of explained variance in the streamflow filtered series, highlighting the predominance of low frequency variability present in these compared to those of precipitation. Consistently, river discharges show higher spectral density over decadal/interdecadal frequencies compared to precipitation analysis. A simple statistical approach to advance in the understanding of the complex rainfall-streamflow physical relationship is addressed with promising results: streamflow spectrums are derived directly from the precipitation spectrum, transformed by a 'basin' operator, characteristic of the basin itself. It is assumed that watersheds acts on precipitation as spatio-temporal integrators operating as low-pass filters, like a moving average. Streamflow power spectrums are simulated assuming that the underlying process is an autoregressive moving average (ARMA). Considering as the only input the sub-basin areal-averaged precipitation timeseries, results show that simulated streamflow spectrums fits effectively the observations at the sub-basin scale.
Understanding convective storms in a tropical, high-altitude location with in-situ meteorological observations and GPS-derived water vapor
Authors: Casallas Alejandro , Hernández-Deckers Daniel , Mora-Páez Héctor
Published: August 2021

We investigate convective storms over the Sabana de Bogotá, a high-altitude and densely populated area in the Colombian tropical Andes. Convective events are identified using infrared satellite images and in-situ precipitation data. As expected, convection shows a strong early-afternoon peak during the two rainy seasons. Previous studies hypothesize that early-afternoon westerly winds and their moisture advection from the warmer Magdalena Valley are the main explanatory mechanism for intense storms. We find that early-afternoon westerlies are present in 78% of the rainy season days, but convective events develop in only 26% of the days. Thus, although westerlies seem necessary for convection due to the convergence they generate, they only occasionally generate storms, and are therefore not a good predictor. Furthermore, reanalysis data indicate that precipitable water vapor (PWV) at the Magdalena Valley is anomalously low during convective days, suggesting that moisture converges locally instead of being advected from the west. Based on composites of surface wind speed, air temperature, pressure and GPS-derived PWV, we identify the most prominent signals associated to deep convection: a weaker than average wind speed throughout the morning, higher than normal values of surface air temperature towards noon, followed by an anomalous steep increase of PWV and wind speed. These features indicate that convection results from a strong diurnal forcing facilitated by convergence of westerly winds, combined with sufficient water vapor convergence, with a timescale of about 3 hours. This highlights the relevance of high temporal resolution monitoring of PWV offered by Global Navigational Satellite System stations.
Bird monitoring in a tropical savanna conservation reserve suggests Noisy Miners Manorina melanocephala and adaptive fire management should be a future management focus
Authors:   Bush Heritage Australia, P.O. Box 329, Flinders Lane, Melbourne VIC 8009, Australia, Kutt A.S. ,   Tasmanian Land Conservancy, P.O. Box 2112, Lower Sandy Bay TAS 7005, Australia,   School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia,   School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7005, Australia, Hales L. ,   Bush Heritage Australia, P.O. Box 329, Flinders Lane, Melbourne VIC 8009, Australia, Hales P. ,   Bush Heritage Australia, P.O. Box 329, Flinders Lane, Melbourne VIC 8009, Australia, Young P. ,   Bush Heritage Australia, P.O. Box 329, Flinders Lane, Melbourne VIC 8009, Australia, Edwards C. ,   BirdLife Northern Queensland, P.O. Box 571, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia, Warren B ,   BirdLife Northern Queensland, P.O. Box 571, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia, Shurcliff K ,   5BirdLife Northern Queensland, P.O. Box 571, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia, Harington G. ,   BirdLife Northern Queensland, P.O. Box 571, Malanda QLD 4885, Australia
Published: August 2021

Long-term monitoring of bird communities over time can provide important data for management, and the adaptation of that management over time. We examined data from bird surveys across 37 sites sampled in five different years from 2009 to 2017 in a 56,000-ha tropical savanna conservation reserve, in northern Queensland. Because of the limitations of the survey method and the lack of environmental data for sites, we examined broad patterns in the abundance of small- and large-bodied birds, abundance of Noisy Miners Manorina melanocephala, land type, survey year, and time since last fire. There was some variation in bird species richness and abundance across the land types, years sampled and Noisy Miner abundance; however, the clearest pattern was decreasing numbers of small-bodied birds and increasing Noisy Miner abundance, and an association between time since fire (i.e. <3 years, >5 years), Noisy Miner abundance and diversity in other birds. The apparent and potentially compounding interaction of Noisy Miners and fire could be an emerging problem. Future fire management needs to be embedded in a program of targeted question-driven monitoring and adaptive management, to provide more assured approaches to prescribed burning that enhances bird conservation.