bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thiazole Amides, A Novel Class of Algaecides against Freshwater Harmful Algae
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Qisheng , Wei Zhigang , Liu Na , Li Yajuan , Li Duo , Jin Zhong , Xu Xiaohua
Published: May 2018

Currently, harmful algal blooms are being one of ever-increasing global environmental problems. Much attention has been paid to the use of natural products as the selective algaecides due to their low toxicity, high selectivity and eco-friendly properties. In the present study, the thiazole alkaloid (1), originally isolated from Thermoactino-myces strain TM-64, was shown to exhibit potent algicidal activity against three typically harmful cyanobacterial algae, S. obliqnus, M. aeruginosa, and C. pyrenoidosa. Based on our previous work, a practical, scalable synthesis of alkaloid (1) was developed and reaction could be readily scaled up to more than 100 g. In addition, twenty-six analogues of alkaloid (1) by replacement of tryptamine moiety with different aromatic and aliphatic amines were also prepared. The bioassay results showed that most of these derivatives displayed potent algicidal activity against three harmful algae S. obliqnus, M. aeruginosa, and C. pyrenoidosa with IC50 values in the range of 1.5–5.0 μg/mL. Amongst them, compounds (10) and its hydrochloric salt (10S) were found to reveal powerful growth inhibitory activity against harmful cyanobacterial algae with IC50 values as low as 0.08 μg/mL, comparable to those of commercial algicide CuSO4 and herbicide Diuron.
Estrogen Promotes Mandibular Condylar Fibrocartilage Chondrogenesis and Inhibits Degeneration via Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Female Mice
Authors: Robinson Jennifer L. , Soria Paola , Xu Manshan , Vrana Mark , Luchetti Jeffrey , Lu Helen H. , Chen Jing , Wadhwa Sunil
Published: May 2018

Temporomandibular joint degenerative disease (TMJ-DD) is a chronic form of TMJ disorder that specifically afflicts people over the age of 40 and targets women at a higher rate than men. Prevalence of TMJ-DD in this population suggests that estrogen loss plays a role in the disease pathogenesis. Thus, the goal of the present study was to determine the role of estrogen on chondrogenesis and homeostasis via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) during growth and maturity of the joint. Young and mature WT and ERαKO female mice were subjected to ovariectomy procedures and then given placebo or estradiol treatment. The effect of estrogen via ERα on fibrocartilage morphology, matrix production, and protease activity was assessed. In the young mice, estrogen via ERα promoted mandibular condylar fibrocartilage chondrogenesis partly by inhibiting the canonical Wnt signaling pathway through upregulation of sclerostin (Sost). In the mature mice, protease activity was partly inhibited with estrogen treatment via the upregulation and activity of protease inhibitor 15 (Pi15) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2m). The results from this work provide a mechanistic understanding of estradiol on TMJ growth and homeostasis and can be utilized for development of therapeutic targets to promote regeneration and inhibit degeneration of the mandibular condylar fibrocartilage.
A rapid response magnitude scale for timely assessment of the high frequency seismic radiation
Authors: Picozzi M. , Bindi D. , Spallarossa D. , Di Giacomo D. , Zollo A.
Published: May 2018

In this work the scaling of seismic moment (M0) and radiated energy (Er) is investigated for almost 800 earthquakes of the 2016–17 Amatrice-Norcia sequences in Italy, ranging in moment magnitude (Mw) from 2.5 to 6.5. The analysis of the M0-to-Erscaling highlights a breaking of the source self-similarity, with higher stress drops for larger events. Our results show the limitation of using M0, and in turn Mw, to capture the variability of the high frequency ground motion. Since the observed seismicity does not agree with the assumptions on stress drop in the definition of Mw, we exploit the availability of both Erand M0to modify the definition of Mwand introduce a rapid response magnitude (Mr), which accounts for the dynamic properties of rupture. The new Mrscale allows us to improve the prediction of the earthquake shaking potential, as shown by the reduction of the between-event residuals computed for the peak ground velocity. The procedure we propose is therefore a significant step towards a quick assessment of earthquakes damage potential and timely implementation of emergency plans.
Quantification of Water Flux in Vesicular Systems
Authors: Hannesschläger Christof , Barta Thomas , Siligan Christine , Horner Andreas
Published: May 2018

Water transport across lipid membranes is fundamental to all forms of life and plays a major role in health and disease. However, not only typical water facilitators like aquaporins facilitate water flux, but also transporters, ion channels or receptors represent potent water pathways. The efforts directed towards a mechanistic understanding of water conductivity determinants in transmembrane proteins, the development of water flow inhibitors, and the creation of biomimetic membranes with incorporated membrane proteins or artificial water channels depend on reliable and accurate ways of quantifying water permeabilities Pf. A conventional method is to subject vesicles to an osmotic gradient in a stopped-flow device: Fast recordings of scattered light intensity are converted into the time course of vesicle volume change. Even though an analytical solution accurately acquiring Pf from scattered light intensities exists, approximations potentially misjudging Pf by orders of magnitude are used. By means of computational and experimental data we point out that erroneous results such as that the single channel water permeability pf depends on the osmotic gradient are direct results of such approximations. Finally, we propose an empirical solution of which calculated permeability values closely match those calculated with the analytical solution in the relevant range of parameters.
Cross-talk among HMGA1 and FoxO1 in control of nuclear insulin signaling
Authors: Chiefari Eusebio , Arcidiacono Biagio , Palmieri Camillo , Corigliano Domenica Maria , Morittu Valeria Maria , Britti Domenico , Armoni Michal , Foti Daniela Patrizia , Brunetti Antonio
Published: May 2018

As a mediator of insulin-regulated gene expression, the FoxO1 transcription factor represents a master regulator of liver glucose metabolism. We previously reported that the high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) protein, a molecular switch for the insulin receptor gene, functions also as a downstream target of the insulin receptor signaling pathway, representing a critical nuclear mediator of insulin function. Here, we investigated whether a functional relationship existed between FoxO1 and HMGA1, which might help explain insulin-mediated gene transcription in the liver. To this end, as a model study, we investigated the canonical FoxO1-HMGA1-responsive IGFBP1 gene, whose hepatic expression is regulated by insulin. By using a conventional GST-pull down assay combined with co-immunoprecipitation and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) analyses, we provide evidence of a physical interaction between FoxO1 and HMGA1. Further investigation with chromatin immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) technology indicated a functional significance of this interaction, in both basal and insulin-stimulated states, providing evidence that, by modulating FoxO1 transactivation, HMGA1 is essential for FoxO1-induced IGFBP1 gene expression, and thereby a critical modulator of insulin-mediated FoxO1 regulation in the liver. Collectively, our findings highlight a novel FoxO1/HMGA1-mediated mechanism by which insulin may regulate gene expression and metabolism.
The inherent mechanism of mechanochromism under different stress: electron cloud density distribution, J-type stacking, pore structure and collapse of J-type stacking
Authors: Qi Yunpeng , Liu Wenjing , Wang Yongtao , Ma Lei , Yu Yongjiang , Zhang Yan , Ren Litong
Published: May 2018

TPEDKBF2OMe, TPEDKBF2OBu and TPEDKBF2OHe exhibit high contrast mechanochromism after being ground and smashed.
A new enzyme immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein in a separate setup coupling an aluminium/Prussian blue-based self-powered electrochromic display with a digital multimeter readout
Authors: Yu Zhenzhong , Cai Guoneng , Ren Rongrong , Tang Dianping
Published: May 2018

A new immunoassay was designed for the detection of disease-related biomarkers (alpha-fetoprotein, AFP, as a model), coupling an aluminium (Al)/Prussian blue-based electrochromic display with a digital multimeter readout.
Assessment of the antitumor activity of a cyclopalladated ferrocene compound assisted by a dual-targeting drug delivery system
Authors: Gong Guidong , Cao Yuan , Qian Hongyun , Zhou Yangyang , Zhao Haihang , Li Ling , Wang Fei , Zhao Gang
Published: May 2018

Nano-micelleHACD@CPcould target to CD44 and induced MDA-MB-468 cells apoptosis.
A non-multimacrocyclic heteroditopic receptor that cooperatively binds and effectively extracts KAcO salt
Authors: Zakrzewski Maciej , Kwietniewska Natalia , Walczak Wojciech , Piątek Piotr
Published: May 2018

A structurally simple heteroditopic receptor binds carboxylate salts with high cooperativity which allows for effective extraction of hydrophilic KAcO under liquid/liquid conditions.
Characterization of a NIR absorbing thienyl curcumin contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Bellinger Stephanie , Hatamimoslehabadi Maryam , Borg Raymond E. , La Jeffrey , Catsoulis Peter , Mithila Farha , Yelleswarapu Chandra , Rochford Jonathan
Published: May 2018

Photophysical and photoacoustic characterization of the bis-(2-dimethylaminothien-5-yl)curcumin boron difluoride chromophore is presented.
Hexagonally arranged arrays of urchin-like Ag-nanoparticle decorated ZnO-nanorods grafted on PAN-nanopillars as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates
Authors: Tang Fang , Zhang Meizhu , Li Zhongbo , Du Zhaofang , Chen Bensong , He Xuan , Zhao Siyu
Published: May 2018

Large-scale flexible films with one side consisting of ordered Ag-NPs@ZnO-nanorods/PAN-nanopillar arrays were used as recyclable SERS substrates.
Effects of the Fe/Ce ratio on the activity of CuO/CeO2–Fe2O3 catalysts for NO reduction by CO
Authors: Zhang Xingyu , Cheng Xingxing , Ma Chunyuan , Wang Zhiqiang
Published: May 2018

Copper catalysts on Fe-loaded ceria were studied for NO reduction by CO.
A silver metal complex as a luminescent probe for enzymatic sensing of glucose in blood plasma and urine
Authors: Pan Zheng-Bang , Wang Ying-Chu , Chakkaradhari Gomathy , Zhu Jian Fan , He Rong-Yu , Liu Yu-Ci , Hsu Chia-Hui , Koshevoy Igor O. , Chou Pi-Tai , Pan Sheng-Wei , Ho Mei-Lin
Published: May 2018

In this work, we present a facile preparation of a paper-based glucose assay for rapid, sensitive, and quantitative measurement of glucose in blood plasma and urine.
The effect of cis–trans configurational difference on the performance of pyridylimine-based ruthenium sensitizers
Authors: Tingare Yogesh S. , Akula Suri Babu , Shen Ming-Tai , Su Chaochin , Ho Shih-Yu , Tsai Sheng-Han , Lin Ya-Fen , Li Wen-Ren
Published: May 2018

The effect of configurational difference on DSSC performance was studied with pyridylimine-based Ru(ii) dyes. The device with trans configured dye showed a higher efficiency (η) of 7.27% than that of the cis configured dye (η = 2.04%).
Retrieving acoustic energy densities and local pressure amplitudes in microfluidics by holographic time-lapse imaging
Authors: Cacace Teresa , Bianco Vittorio , Paturzo Melania , Memmolo Pasquale , Vassalli Massimo , Fraldi Massimiliano , Mensitieri Giuseppe , Ferraro Pietro
Published: May 2018

Digital holography is used to calibrate the ultrasound waves in a microchip during vertically oriented acoustophoresis.
Novel 2-(hydroxy)-naphthyl imino functionalized pillar[5]arene: a highly efficient supramolecular sensor for tandem fluorescence detection of Fe3+ and F− and the facile separation of Fe3+
Authors: Zhu Wei , Fang Hu , He Jun-Xia , Jia Wen-Hua , Yao Hong , Wei Tai-Bao , Lin Qi , Zhang You-Ming
Published: May 2018

A novel pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular sensor (AP5N) for tandem fluorescence detection of Fe3+ and F− was successfully prepared. Interestingly, the sensor AP5N shows excellent facile separation property for Fe3+.
Gemini surfactant with pyrrolidinium head groups and a hydroxyl-substituted spacer: surface properties and assisted one-pot synthesis of dendritic Au nanocrystals
Authors: Yan Saisai , Wei Wanying , Gao Zhinong , Xia Yan , Han Jia
Published: May 2018

Dendritic Au NCs were facilely prepared by a one-pot method at room temperature with the assistance of gemini surfactant.
Non-enzymatic sensors based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/polyaniline/SnO2 fibrous nanocomposites for nitrite sensing
Authors: Duan Chengqian , Bai Wushuang , Zheng Jianbin
Published: May 2018

A non-enzymatic sensor based on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)/polyaniline (PANI)/tin oxide (SnO2) nanocomposites (Au/PANI/SnO2) was prepared for enhanced electrochemical sensing of nitrite (NO2−).
SECM/SKP and SVET studies on mitigation of N80 steel corrosion by some polymers
Authors: Feng Hongwei , Singh Ambrish , Wu Yuanpeng , Lin Yuanhua
Published: May 2018

Three polymers, namely PAMPS (P1), P(AMPS-co-NVP) (P2) and P(AMPS-co-DMC) (P3), synthesized by common solution polymerization were investigated as corrosion inhibitors for N80 steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl flooded with CO2.
RE–Sn (RE = Y, Ce and Gd) alloys as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chang Limin , Wang Limin , Wang Zhaomin , Yi Zheng , Cheng Yong
Published: May 2018

A series of RE doped RE–Sn alloys are successfully prepared and used as anode materials for LIBs.
Highly selective colorimetric sensing of Cu2+ using a Schiff base derivative immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol microspheres
Authors: Bai Xue , Zhang Xudong , Gu Haixin , Li Fengjie , Huang Wei , Liang Lu , Ye Zhengfang
Published: May 2018

PVA-SH microspheres could selectively detect Cu2+ by visible color change.
Sonogashira reactions of alkyl halides catalyzed by NHC [CNN] pincer nickel(ii) complexes
Authors: Wang Zijing , Zheng Tingting , Sun Hongjian , Li Xiaoyan , Fuhr Olaf , Fenske Dieter
Published: May 2018

[CNN]-pincer nickel(ii) complexes were used as catalysts for Sonogashira reactions.
Magnetism of new metastable cobalt-nitride compounds
Authors: Balasubramanian Balamurugan , Zhao Xin , Valloppilly Shah R. , Beniwal Sumit , Skomski Ralph , Sarella Anandakumar , Jin Yunlong , Li Xingzhong , Xu Xiaoshan , Cao Huibo , Wang Haohan , Enders Axel , Wang Cai-Zhuang , Ho Kai-Ming , Sellmyer David J.
Published: May 2018

New metastable hexagonal Co3N structure and its magnetic transition shown by neutron diffraction.
Degradable and renewably-sourced poly(ester-thioethers) by photo-initiated thiol–ene polymerization
Authors: Lillie Leon M. , Tolman William B. , Reineke Theresa M.
Published: May 2018

With the aim of preparing sustainable and degradable polymers from sugar-derived precursors, a family of five poly(ester-thioethers) were synthesized by photoinitiated thiol–ene polymerization of monomers incorporating d-glucaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone (GDL).
A synthetic approach toward a pH and sugar-responsive diblock copolymer via post-polymerization modification
Authors: Gaballa Heba , Lin Shaojian , Shang Jiaojiao , Meier Sabrina , Theato Patrick
Published: May 2018

A novel pH- and sugar-responsive diblock copolymer containing phenylboronic acid was synthesized by RAFT and a post-polymerization modification strategy.
Radical fluoroalkylthiolation of aldehydes with PhSO2SRf (Rf = CF3, C2F5, CF2H or CH2F): a general protocol for the preparation of fluoroalkylthioesters
Authors: Xu Bin , Li Dezhi , Lu Long , Wang Decai , Hu Yonghong , Shen Qilong
Published: May 2018

A general method for the preparation of fluoroalkylthioesters including trifluoromethylthio/pentafluoroethylthio/difluoromethylthio/monofluoromethylthio-esters from aldehydes and a corresponding fluoroalkylthiolating reagent was reported.
Enantioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition and rearrangement of thiazolium salts to synthesize thiazole and 1,4-thiazine derivatives
Authors: Zhang Xiying , Liu Xiaohua , Zhang Jianlin , Zhang Dong , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: May 2018

A highly efficient catalytic asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition/rearrangement cascade of thiazolium N-ylides with various electron-deficient 2-π components was achieved, providing a convenient method to access hydropyrrolo-thiazole and hydropyrrolo-thiazine derivatives.
Three new cardiac glycosides obtained from the roots ofStreblus asperLour. and their cytotoxic and melanogenesis-inhibitory activities
Authors: Miao Dan , Zhang Tengqian , Xu Jian , Ma Congyu , Liu Wenyuan , Kikuchi Takashi , Akihisa Toshihiro , Abe Masahiko , Feng Feng , Zhang Jie
Published: May 2018

The cardiac glycosides isolated from the methanol extracts ofStreblus asperLour. roots indicated potent cytotoxicities and high selective index, and the mechanism of melanogenesis-inhibition was explored.
Fabrication of Sb3+sensor based on 1,1′-(-(naphthalene-2,3-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(naphthalen-2-ol)/nafion/glassy carbon electrode assembly by electrochemical approach
Authors: Rahman Mohammed M. , Sheikh Tahir Ali , El-Shishtawy Reda M. , Arshad Muhammad Nadeem , Al-Zahrani Fatimah A. M. , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: May 2018

A new Schiff base named 1,1′-(-(naphthalene-2,3-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(naphthalen-2-ol) (NDNA) was synthesized by condensation reaction and then characterized by spectroscopic techniques for structure elucidation.
4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol derivatives and their sedative–hypnotic activities
Authors: Zhu Hong-yan , Zhang Di , Zhang Qi , Zhao Yan , He Zhong-mei , Gao Yu-gang , Zhang Lian-xue
Published: May 2018

2FHBA, a derivative of HBA, exerts sedative and hypnotic effects through the serotonergic and GABAergic systems.
The synthesis of green fluorescent carbon dots for warm white LEDs
Authors: Du Qin , Zheng Jingxia , Wang Junli , Yang Yongzhen , Liu Xuguang
Published: May 2018

Green emissive carbon dots synthesized by solvothermal method is used for warm white light-emitting devices.
Mg-promotion of Ni natural clay-supported catalysts for dry reforming of methane
Authors: Liu H. , Da Costa P. , Hadj Taief H. Bel , Benzina M. , Gálvez M. E.
Published: May 2018

Mg-promotion of natural clay based Ni-catalysts was considered, as a way of boosting the dry reforming of methane (DRM) activity of these materials.
Synthesis of polyurethanes with pendant azide groups attached on the soft segments and the surface modification with mPEG by click chemistry for antifouling applications
Authors: Meng Fancui , Qiao Zhuangzhuang , Yao Yan , Luo Jianbin
Published: May 2018

Polyurethane with pendant azide groups on the soft segment which can be an universal platform for further functionalization according actual applications.
Honeycomb-patterned porous films fabricated via self-organization of Tb complex-loaded amphiphilic copolymers
Authors: Liu Qian , Yan Chun-Na , Li Yu-Chao , Li Mei-Fang , Bai Li-Ping , Wang Li-Ping , Li Guang
Published: May 2018

Amphiphilic copolymers PS-b-Tb complex were synthesized by RAFT polymerization, the honeycomb structured porous films were fabricated via BFM, the hydrophilic groups (Tb complex groups) were mainly distributed at the pore wall.
Stability and local magnetic moment of bilayer graphene by intercalation: first principles study
Authors: Han Jinsen , Kang Dongdong , Dai Jiayu
Published: May 2018

The migration and magnetic properties of the bilayer graphene with intercalation compounds (BGICs) with magnetic elements are theoretically investigated based on first principles study.
Mechanistic insights into the SN2-type reactivity of aryl-Co(iii) masked-carbenes for C–C bond forming transformations
Authors: Planas O. , Roldán-Gómez S. , Martin-Diaconescu V. , Luis J. M. , Company A. , Ribas X.
Published: May 2018

Electronic and steric parameters influencing the stability and reactivity of aryl-Co(iii) masked carbenes have been evaluated.
A fluorescent τ-probe: quantitative imaging of ultra-trace endogenous hydrogen polysulfide in cells and in vivo
Authors: Yang Fan , Gao He , Li Shan-Shan , An Rui-Bing , Sun Xiao-Yang , Kang Bin , Xu Jing-Juan , Chen Hong-Yuan
Published: May 2018

A fluorescent τ-probe was demonstrated to quantitate ultra-trace endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2Sn) within cells and zebrafish through changes of fluorescence lifetime.
An optimal multistage charge strategy for commercial lithium ion batteries
Authors: Liu Jialong , Duan Qiangling , Chen Haodong , Sun Jinhua , Wang Qingsong
Published: May 2018

Herein, an optimal multistage charge strategy for commercial lithium ion batteries is proposed to enhance the performance of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles.
Laning, thinning and thickening of sheared colloids in a two-dimensional Taylor–Couette geometry
Authors: Ortiz-Ambriz Antonio , Gerloff Sascha , Klapp Sabine H. L. , Ortín Jordi , Tierno Pietro
Published: May 2018

We investigate the dynamics and rheological properties of a circular colloidal cluster that is continuously sheared by magnetic and optical torques in a two-dimensional Taylor–Couette geometry.
Interactions between amphoteric surfaces with strongly overlapping double layers
Authors: Vis Mark , Tuinier Remco , Kuipers Bonny W. M. , Vrij Agienus , Philipse Albert P.
Published: May 2018

The entropic repulsion between strongly overlapping electrical double-layers from two parallel amphoteric plates is describedviathe Donnan equilibrium in the limit of zero electric field.
A ternary phosphine oxide host featuring thermally activated delayed fluorescence for blue PHOLEDs with >20% EQE and extremely low roll-offs
Authors: Li Chenyu , Fan Xuefeng , Han Chunmiao , Xu Hui
Published: May 2018

A TADF host supported its deep-blue PHOLED with an EQE of 22.9% for maximum and 20.3% at 1000 nits.
Evaluation of the antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer (lung cancer cell line A549) activity of Punica granatum mediated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Annu Annu , Ahmed Shakeel , Kaur Gurpreet , Sharma Praveen , Singh Sandeep , Ikram Saiqa
Published: May 2018

This work aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles via an environmentally benign route, using the aqueous extract of Punica granatum as a precursor as well as a stabilizing and reducing agent.
Why an intrinsic magnetic field does not protect a planet against atmospheric escape
Authors: Gunell Herbert , Maggiolo Romain , Nilsson Hans , Stenberg Wieser Gabriella , Slapak Rikard , Lindkvist Jesper , Hamrin Maria , De Keyser Johan
Published: May 2018

The presence or absence of a magnetic field determines the nature of how a planet interacts with the solar wind and what paths are available for atmospheric escape. Magnetospheres form both around magnetised planets, such as Earth, and unmagnetised planets, like Mars and Venus, but it has been suggested that magnetised planets are better protected against atmospheric loss. However, the observed mass escape rates from these three planets are similar (in the approximate (0.5–2) kg s−1 range), putting this latter hypothesis into question. Modelling the effects of a planetary magnetic field on the major atmospheric escape processes, we show that the escape rate can be higher for magnetised planets over a wide range of magnetisations due to escape of ions through the polar caps and cusps. Therefore, contrary to what has previously been believed, magnetisation is not a sufficient condition for protecting a planet from atmospheric loss. Estimates of the atmospheric escape rates from exoplanets must therefore address all escape processes and their dependence on the planet’s magnetisation.
Des perturbateurs endocriniens « légalisés ». Le cas d’un phtalate dans le règlement européen REACH
Authors: Boullier Henri
Published: May 2018

Comment comprendre la persistance de controverses sur les perturbateurs endocriniens alors que des dispositifs réglementaires les prennent déjà en charge ? Le cas d’une molécule aux propriétés bien connues de perturbation endocrinienne, comme le DEHP, un plastifiant omniprésent dans des produits que nous utilisons quotidiennement, illustre certaines limites des dispositifs légaux qui régissent la commercialisation des substances chimiques. Dans le cadre du règlement européen REACH, des compromis politiques, diplomatiques et économiques conduisent ainsi à catégoriser les usages du DEHP de manière à ménager la contrainte qui pèse sur l’industrie chimique.
Analysis of Dipylidium caninum tapeworms from dogs and cats, or their respective fleas
Authors: Labuschagne Michel , Beugnet Frédéric , Rehbein Steffen , Guillot Jacques , Fourie Josephus , Crafford Dionne
Published: May 2018

A 28S rDNA PCR detection assay was previously developed to identify Dipylidium caninum DNA inside single fleas collected from both cats and dogs. Sequence analysis of the 28S rDNA fragment indicated two genetically distinct variations of the target region. The two genotypes, so-called “D. caninum canine genotype” and “D. caninum feline genotype”, based on host origin, are further investigated and described in this paper. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and hydrolysis probe-based genotyping assays were developed and validated for genotyping D. caninum DNA. The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the “feline genotype” was sequenced and compared to the D. caninum mt genome available in GenBank. The molecular characterization of D. caninum isolates collected from infected fleas, and also proglottids collected from dogs and cats, confirmed the existence of two distinct genotypes. These genotypes are related to host origin (dogs or cats), irrespective of their geographical origin, and they present a biological adaptation to their respective host, as confirmed by the comparison of biological development and host preference in another study. The genetic differences (Part 1, present paper) and biological observations (Part 2, in this journal) enabled us to suggest the existence of two distinct species within D. caninum, which will have to be clarified.
Recent Advances in the Regioselective Synthesis of Indoles via C–H Activation/Functionalization
Authors: Sharma Upendra , Kumar Inder , Kumar Rakesh
Published: May 2018

Indole is an important heterocyclic motif that occurs ubiquitously in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. Immense efforts have been devoted to the synthesis of indoles starting from the Fisher indole synthesis to the recently developed C–H activation/functionalization-based methods. Herein, we have reviewed the progress made on the regioselective synthesis of functionalized indoles, including 2-substituted, 3-substituted and 2,3-disusbstituted indoles, since the year 2010.

1 Introduction

2 Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2-Substituted Indoles

3 Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3-Substituted Indoles

4 Metal-Free Synthesis of 3-Substituted Indoles

5 Metal-Catalyzed 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis

5.1 Metal-Catalyzed Intramolecular 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis

5.2 Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis

6 Metal-Free 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis

6.1 N-Protected 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis

6.2 N-Unprotected 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis

7 Applications

8 Summary and Outlook
Consecutive Alkynylation–Michael Addition–Cyclocondensation (AMAC) Multicomponent Syntheses of α-Pyrones and α-Pyridones
Authors: Müller Thomas , Breuer Natascha
Published: May 2018

A novel consecutive three-component synthesis of α-pyrones is based upon an alkynylation–Michael addition–cyclocondensation (AMAC) sequence, starting from (hetero)aroyl chloride and terminal alkyne to furnish the alkynone which reacts with malonates to give the α-pyrones in moderate to very good yields. By concatenating ammonolysis of the α-pyrones, an alkynylation–Michael addition–cyclocondensation–ammonolysis (AMACA) synthesis of α-pyridones can be conceived. α-Pyridone products with and without ester functionality are obtained in moderate yields.
Copper-Catalyzed Photoinduced Radical Domino Cyclization of Ynamides and Cyanamides: A Unified Entry to Rosettacin, Luotonin A, and Deoxyvasicinone
Authors: Evano Gwilherm , Baguia Hajar , Deldaele Christopher , Romero Eugénie , Michelet Bastien
Published: May 2018

A general and efficient procedure for the copper-catalyzed photoinduced radical domino cyclization of ynamides and cyanamides providing an efficient access to complex tri-, tetra- and pentacyclic nitrogen heterocycles is reported. Upon visible light irradiation in the presence of catalytic amounts of [(DPEphos)(bcp)Cu]PF6 and an amine, a range of unactivated aryl and alkyl iodides were shown to be smoothly transformed to the corresponding radical species, initiating the radical domino cyclization. This procedure provides a unified entry to rosettacin, luotonin A, and deoxyvasicinone that could be efficiently prepared in a limited number of steps.
Surgical Outcomes, Complications, and Management Strategies for Foramen Magnum Meningiomas
Authors: Magill Stephen , Shahin Maryam , Lucas Calixto-Hope , Yen Adam , Lee David , Raleigh David , Aghi Manish , Theodosopoulos Philip , McDermott Michael
Published: May 2018

Objectives Foramen magnum meningiomas (FMM) are complex lesions because of their proximity to the brain stem and posterior cerebrovasculature. The objective of this study is to report surgical outcomes and complications after resection of FMM.

Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with FMM from 1998 to 2015. Univariate logistic regression and recursive partitioning analysis were used to identify risk factors associated with complications and extent of resection (EOR).

Results We identified 28 patients with FMM. Median follow-up was 5.9 years. Tumors were World Health Organization grade I (92.9%) or grade II (7.1%). The vertebral artery was completely encased (25%), partially encased (11%), or not encased (64%). Median size was 11.9 cm3. EOR was gross total (39%) and subtotal (61%). The observed recurrence rate was 4% (n = 1). There were 38 complications in 12 patients (43%), and 6 patients (21%) had complications requiring additional surgery. Complications included cerebrospinal fluid leak/hydrocephalus (n = 7, 25%), weakness (n = 4, 14%), numbness (n = 4, 14%), and cranial nerve deficits: IX, X (n = 4, 14%), XI (n = 2, 7%), XII (n = 5, 18%). Medical complications included pneumonia (n = 1, 4%) and meningitis (n = 1, 4%). Tumor volume greater than 14 cm3 (odds ratio [OR] = 21.7, p = 0.0010), any vertebral artery encasement (OR 6.1, p = 0.0386), and subtotal resection (OR 6.4, p = 0.0398) were significantly associated with complications. Tumor volume greater than 14 cm3 was also significantly associated with subtotal resection (OR 8.3, p = 0.0201).

Conclusions Resection of FMM carries perioperative morbidity that increases with larger tumor size. Despite the morbidity, long-term recurrence-free survival is achievable with maximal safe resection and adjuvant radiation.
Early Pulse Oximetry Data Improves Prediction of Death and Adverse Outcomes in a Two-Center Cohort of Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Wallman-Stokes A. , Isler J. , Sahni R. , Moorman J. , Fairchild K. , Lake D. , Sullivan B.
Published: May 2018

Background We previously showed, in a single-center study, that early heart rate (HR) characteristics predicted later adverse outcomes in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. We sought to improve predictive models by adding oxygenation data and testing in a second neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods HR and oxygen saturation (SpO2) from the first 12 hours and first 7 days after birth were analyzed for 778 VLBW infants at two NICUs. Using multivariate logistic regression, clinical predictive scores were developed for death, severe intraventricular hemorrhage (sIVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), treated retinopathy of prematurity (tROP), late-onset septicemia (LOS), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Ten HR-SpO2 measures were analyzed, with first 12 hours data used for predicting death or sIVH and first 7 days for the other outcomes. HR-SpO2 models were combined with clinical models to develop a pulse oximetry predictive score (POPS). Net reclassification improvement (NRI) compared performance of POPS with the clinical predictive score.

Results Models using clinical or pulse oximetry variables alone performed well for each outcome. POPS performed better than clinical variables for predicting death, sIVH, and BPD (NRI > 0.5, p < 0.01), but not tROP, LOS, or NEC.

Conclusion Analysis of early HR-SpO2 characteristics adds to clinical risk factors to predict later adverse outcomes in VLBW infants.
Spin–transfer torque oscillator in magnetic tunneling junction with short–wavelength magnon excitation
Authors: Qiao Shizhu , Zhou Tie , Zhao Yinrui , Li Qiang , Li Shandong , Yan Shishen
Published: May 2018

Bloch–Bloembergen–Slonczewski (BBS) equation is established by extending Bloch–Bloembergen equation, and it is used to study magnetization oscillation in the free magnetic layer of a magnetic tunneling junction. Since both short–wavelength magnon excitation and spin–transfer torque are taken into account in the BBS equation, it is distinguished from Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert–Slonczewski equation. The macro–spin BBS model predicts that the transverse relaxation time in free magnetic layer should be long enough, as compared with the longitudinal relaxation time, to achieve stable magnetization oscillation for spin–transfer torque oscillator application. Moreover, field–like torque favors the tolerance of fast transverse relaxation, which makes magnetic tunneling junction a better choice than spin valve for the spin–transfer torque oscillator application.
Petroleum geology of the 2018 offshore acreage release areas
Authors: Bernecker Thomas , Bernardel George , Orlov Claire , Rollet Nadège
Published: May 2018

A total of 21 areas were released in 2018 for offshore petroleum exploration. They are located in the Bonaparte, Browse, Northern Carnarvon, Bight, Otway and Gippsland basins. All release areas were supported by industry nominations, indicating that interest in exploring Australia’s offshore basins remains strong, despite the significant decrease in the number of exploration wells drilled in recent years. Sixteen areas are being released under the work program bidding system with two rounds, one closing on 18 October 2018 and the other on 21 March 2019. Five areas are being released for cash bidding and include the producible La Bella gas accumulation in the Otway Basin. Prequalification for participation in the cash-bid auction closes on 4 October 2018 with the auction scheduled for 7 February 2019. Geoscience Australia continues to support industry activities by acquiring, interpreting and integrating pre-competitive datasets that are made freely available as part of the agency’s regional petroleum geological studies. The regional evaluation of the petroleum systems in the Browse Basin has been completed and work continues on assessing the distribution of Early Triassic source rocks and related petroleum occurrences across the North West Shelf. A wealth of seismic and well data, submitted under the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006, are made available through the National Offshore Petroleum Information Management System. Additional datasets are accessible through Geoscience Australia’s data repository.
South Australia's power sector: renewables, batteries and the future role of gas
Authors: Browne Nicholas , Pokharel Bikal
Published: May 2018

The South Australia experience is noteworthy in a global power mix set to increasingly shift to renewable energy. The rapid growth of renewables raises intermittency challenges and has already changed the power mix with coal phased out and gas utilisation reduced. However, despite this reduction, gas still remains the most important way to ensure uninterrupted power supply. Meanwhile, South Australia is experimenting with numerous new technologies, in addition to reintroducing diesel generation, in an attempt to ensure security of power supply. Currently, these technologies are not economic compared to gas.
Looking ahead South Australia is projected to have installed renewable energy capacity exceed its peak demand by 2020. This paper asks what needs to be considered given the increasing role of renewables in the energy mix? Can battery technology combined with renewables offer a commercial solution for replacing either base load or peak load gas plants? What is required for system security to 2035? If renewables and batteries are proven commercial then what are the implications for gas?
To answer these questions, this paper will assess the extent to which renewable and battery technology costs will fall in South Australia. We will compare renewable and gas cost projections for 2018, 2025 and 2035. Using proprietary dispatch modelling we will then assess what the growth in renewables means for annually, monthly and daily gas demand. Demand will undoubtedly decline and become more volatile. This poses challenges. We will assess whether and how current gas contracting terms need to change to ensure that gas has a continued role in ensuring system security in South Australia.
An overview of the new Geological and Bioregional Assessments Program
Authors: Swirepik Anthony , Stacey Andrew , Dann Rod
Published: May 2018

As part of the AU$86.3 million ‘Towards a New Energy Future’ package, the Australian Government has committed AU$30.4 million to undertake the Geological and Bioregional Assessments Program. This program aims to encourage sustainable gas development through a series independent scientific studies into the potential environmental impacts of shale and tight gas exploration and production.
These studies, conducted by Geoscience Australia and CSIRO, supported by the Bureau of Meteorology and managed by the Department of the Environment and Energy, will focus on three basins (regions) that are prospective, but underexplored for shale and tight gas. The program seeks to encourage exploration to bring new gas resources to the East Coast Gas Market within the next 5–10 years, increase the understanding of the potential environmental impacts posed by gas developments and increase the efficiency of assessment, monitoring and ongoing regulation, including improved data capture and reporting.
The Cooper Basin and the Isa Superbasin have been selected for investigation with a third basin expected to be announced by mid-2018. The program will be delivered in three stages over 4 years and will investigate areas prospective for shale and tight gas within these regions. This independent, transparent, science-based approach aims to assist in building community understanding of, and confidence in, the capacity for safe and environmentally sustainable unconventional gas developments.
Uncovering the Canning Basin: a new comprehensive SEEBASE® model
Authors: Connors Karen , Jorand Cedric , Haines Peter , Zhan Yijie , Pryer Lynn
Published: May 2018

A new regional scale SEEBASE® model has been produced for the intracratonic Canning Basin, located in the north of Western Australia. The 2017 Canning Basin SEEBASE model is more than an order of magnitude higher resolution than the 2005 OZ SEEBASE version — the average resolution is ~1 : 1 M scale with higher resolution in areas of shallow basement with 2D seismic coverage — such as the Broome Platform and Barbwire Terrace. Post-2005 acquisition of potential field, seismic and well data in the Canning Basin by the Geological Survey of Western Australia (GSWA), Geoscience Australia and industry provided an excellent opportunity to upgrade the SEEBASE depth-to-basement model in 2017.
The SEEBASE methodology focuses on a regional understanding of basement, using potential field data to interpret basement terranes, depth-to-basement (SEEBASE), regional structural geology and basement composition. The project involved extensive potential field processing and enhancement and compilation of a wide range of datasets. Integrated interpretation of the potential field data with seismic and well analysis has proven quite powerful and illustrates the strong basement control on the extent and location of basin elements. The project has reassessed the structural evolution of the basin, identified and mapped major structures and produced fault-event maps for key tectonic events. In addition, interpretative maps of basement terranes, depth-to-Moho, basement thickness, basement composition and total sediment thickness have been used to calculate a basin-wide map of basement-derived heat flow.
The 2017 Canning Basin SEEBASE is the first public update of the widely used 2005 OZ SEEBASE. All the data and interpretations are available from the GSWA as a report and integrated ArcGIS project, which together provide an excellent summary of the key features within the Canning Basin that will aid hydrocarbon and mineral explorers in the region.
The prisoner's dilemma: gaming risk in joint venture gas arrangements
Authors: McAlister-Smiley Sarah A. , Spanjaard Joanna M.
Published: May 2018

This paper explores the concept of gaming risk in joint venture gas agreements. It uses examples from the Queensland coal seam gas to liquefied natural gas projects to explore the objectives and risks from the perspective of various joint venture players. It considers the relative positions of joint venture parties: operator/non-operator, differing upstream and downstream operators, project participant/gas customer and majority/minority stakeholder. It also focuses on key risks from the relative perspective of each participant and how the joint venture construct can be used to obtain an optimal outcome for all parties. Where residual risk remains, this paper discusses how it can be managed through effective governance and control frameworks.
The concept of game theory is usually espoused as a theoretical example of the prisoner’s dilemma. In the dilemma, each suspect can avoid a jail term if they squeal on their accomplice and the other stays silent. If, however, both suspects remain silent they both serve a minimum sentence. Readers may also be familiar with the phrases ‘win-win’ and ‘suspending self-interest’.
Game theory has many applications – from business strategy to politics to war simulations. It has even been used to analyse the Brexit outcome. The gas industry is no exception. We have seen a plethora of joint venture arrangements in the gas industry, attempting to achieve optimal decision making while addressing the differing appetites for the amount and type of risks of the joint venture parties.
Exploring for stratigraphic traps in the Patchawarra Formation, Cooper Basin: an integrated seismic methodology
Authors: Bennett Alexandra
Published: May 2018

The Patchawarra Formation is characterised by Permian aged fluvial sediments. The conventional hydrocarbon play lies within fluvial sandstones, attributed to point bar deposits and splays, that are typically overlain by floodbank deposits of shales, mudstones and coals. The nature of the deposition of these sands has resulted in the discovery of stratigraphic traps across the Western Flank of the Cooper Basin, South Australia. Various seismic techniques are being used to search for and identify these traps.
High seismic reflectivity of the coals with the low reflectivity of the relatively thin sands, often below seismic resolution, masks a reservoir response. These factors, combined with complex geometry of these reservoirs, prove a difficult play to image and interpret. Standard seismic interpretation has proven challenging when attempting to map fluvial sands. Active project examples within a 196 km2 3D seismic survey detail an evolving seismic interpretation methodology, which is being used to improve the delineation of potential stratigraphic traps. This involves an integration of seismic processing, package mapping, seismic attributes and imaging techniques.
The integrated seismic interpretation methodology has proven to be a successful approach in the discovery of stratigraphic and structural-stratigraphic combination traps in parts of the Cooper Basin and is being used to extend the play northwards into the 3D seismic area discussed.
Bursting bubbles: can experiments and analogues help stakeholders and the public visualise risks?
Authors: Stalker Linda , Roberts Jennifer J. , Mabon Leslie
Published: May 2018

Laboratory experiments, natural analogues and pilot projects have been fundamental in developing scientific understanding of risk and uncertainty from georesource exploration. International research into CO2 and CH4 leakage provide scientific understanding of potential leakage styles, rates and environmental impacts. However, the value of these experiments as a communication tool for stakeholders and the wider public is often overlooked in the form of visual information and comparisons. Quantifiable laboratory experiments, measurement of gas at natural springs or controlled release of CO2 (e.g. Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage Project (QICS)) raise awareness and commitment to understanding environmental impacts and geological complexities. Visuals can greatly facilitate communication, and research into public understanding of the subsurface demonstrates that quality and scale of schematics can affect perceived risk. Here we consider how public perception of subsurface activities could be shaped by relevant and applicable research that shares accessible and visually engaging information. Could images showing bubbles of seeping gas, or showcasing monitoring methods and capabilities, help to contextualise risks and geoscientific concepts and shape opinions? Can these materials aid dialogue between the wider scientific community, publics and stakeholders? We propose that future projects could improve dialogue through use of context-appropriate visuals to enhance dialogue on risks, impacts and monitoring of subsurface engineering technologies.
Determining paleo-structural environments through natural fracture and calcite twin analyses: a case study in the Otway Basin, Australia
Authors: Burgin Hugo B. , Amrouch Khalid , Rajabi Mojtaba , Kulikowski David , Holford Simon P.
Published: May 2018

The structural history of the Otway Basin has been widely studied; however, previous works have focussed on large kilometre scale, basin and seismic structures, or have over-simplified natural fracture analysis with an excessive focus on fracture strike direction and a disregard for 3D geometry, a crucial characteristic when considering states of stress responsible for natural fracture formation. In this paper, we combine techniques of natural fracture analysis and calcite twin stress inversion to investigate the meso (outcrop and borehole) and micro (crystal) scale evidence for structural environments that have contributed to basin evolution. Our results indicate that basin evolution during the post-Albian may be markedly more complex than the previously thought stages of late Cretaceous inversion, renewed rifting and long-lived mid-Eocene to recent compression, with evidence for up to six structural environments detected across the basin, including; NE–SW and NW–SE extension, NW–SE compression, a previously undetected regime of NE–SW compression, and two regimes of strike-slip activity. By constraining structural environments on the meso- and micro-scale we can deliver higher levels of detail into structural evolution, which in turn, provides better-quality insights into multiple petroleum system elements, including secondary migration pathways and trap formation. Our research also shows that the Otway Basin presents a suitable environment for additional micro-scale structural investigations through calcite twin analyses.
Innovative high trace density design with broadband seismic data acquisition in the Cooper–Eromanga Basins, Australia
Authors: Archer John , Delic Milos , Nicholson Frank
Published: May 2018

Through a combination of innovative survey design, new technology and the introduction of novel operational techniques, the trace density of a 3D seismic survey in the Cooper Basin was increased from a baseline of 140 000 to 1 600 000 traces km–2, the bandwidth of the data was extended from four to six octaves, and the dataset was acquired in substantially the same time-frame and for the same cost as the baseline survey.