bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the field performance of multiple SARS-Cov-2 antigen rapid tests using nasopharyngeal swab samples
Authors: Nóra Magyar , Déri Dániel , Veres Dániel Sándor , Kis Zoltán , Barcsay Erzsébet , Pályi Bernadett
Published: February 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which started in December 2019, has been posing significant challenges to the health care system worldwide. As the pandemic spreads with rapidly increasing number of positive cases, early diagnosis of infected patients is crucial to successfully limit the spread of the virus. Although the real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the recommended laboratory method to diagnose COVID-19 infection, many factors such as availability of laboratory equipment, reagents and trained personnel affect the use of time-consuming molecular techniques. To facilitate on-the-spot diagnosis of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests were developed by several different manufacturers. The evaluation of such rapid tests is particularly important due to the recent unanimous agreement by the European Commission Member States on a recommendation setting out a framework for the use of antigen rapid tests that contains a list of the mutually recognized assays and the basis of independent validation protocols. To evaluate the on-field performance of ten commercially available SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid tests (CLINITEST Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Test, GenBody COVID-19 Antigen Test, GENEDIA W COVID-19 Ag Test, Healgen Coronavirus Antigen Rapid Test, Humasis COVID-19 Ag Test, VivaDiag SARS-CoV-2 Ag Rapid Test, Helix i-SARS-CoV-2 Ag Rapid Test, Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test, Abbot COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test and Vazyme SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Detection Kit) and compare with RT-qPCR as a reference method, the Hungarian National Public Health Center provided 1,597 antigen rapid tests to the National Ambulance Service, COVID-testing trucks and two hospitals treating COVID-19 patients. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were determined by performing the rapid test directly from nasopharyngeal swab samples of symptomatic individuals. For strongly positive samples (Ct < 25) sensitivities ranged between 66.7% and 100%, while for positive samples (Ct < 30) they gave a maximum sensitivity of 87.5%. The specificity of the tests was ranging between 79% to 100%. The results presented here are of high importance to the European Commission and also help governmental decision-making regarding the application of the proper rapid tests for screening different at-risk populations. Nonetheless, SARS-Cov-2 rapid tests play an important role in early and on-the-spot diagnosis of potentially infected individuals.
Why are the phenotypes of TRAF6 knock-in and TRAF6 knock-out mice so different?
Authors: Petrova Tsvetana , Bennett Kyle , Nanda Sambit , Strickson Sam , Scudamore Cheryl L. , Prescott Alan R. , Cohen Philip
Published: February 2022

The expression of TNF-Receptor Associated Factor 6 (TRAF6) is essential for many physiological processes. Here we studied the phenotype of TRAF6[L74H] knock-in mice which are devoid of TRAF6 E3 ligase activity in every cell of the body, but express normal levels of the TRAF6 protein. Remarkably, TRAF6[L74H] mice have none of the phenotypes seen in TRAF6 KO mice. Instead TRAF6[L74H] mice display an entirely different phenotype, exhibiting autoimmunity, and severe inflammation of the skin and modest inflammation of the liver and lungs. Similar to mice with a Treg-specific knockout of TRAF6, or mice devoid of TRAF6 in all T cells, the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes displayed an activated effector memory phenotype with CD44high/CD62Llow expression on the cell surface. In contrast, T cells from WT mice exhibited the CD44low/CD62Lhigh phenotype characteristic of naïve T cells. The onset of autoimmunity and autoinflammation in TRAF6[L74H] mice (two weeks) was much faster than in mice with a Treg-specific knockout of TRAF6 or lacking TRAF6 expression in all T cells (2–3 months) and we discuss whether this may be caused by secondary inflammation of other tissues. The distinct phenotypes of mice lacking TRAF6 expression in all cells appears to be explained by their inability to signal via TNF Receptor Superfamily members, which does not seem to be impaired significantly in TRAF6[L74H] mice.
Adherence to contemporary antiretroviral treatment regimens and impact on immunological and virologic outcomes in a US healthcare system
Authors: T. Tchakoute Christophe , Rhee Soo-Yon , Hare C. Bradley , Shafer Robert W. , Sainani Kristin
Published: February 2022

Background

Only a few recent reports have examined longitudinal adherence patterns in US clinics and its impact on immunological and virological outcomes among large cohorts initiating contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) in US clinics.

Methods

We followed all persons with HIV (PLWH) in a California clinic population initiating ART between 2010 and 2017. We estimated longitudinal adherence for each PLWH by calculating the medication possession ratio within multiple 6-month intervals using pharmacy refill records.

Results

During the study, 2315 PWLH were followed for a median time of 210.8 weeks and only 179 (7.7%) were lost-to-follow-up. The mean adherence was 84.9%. Age (Hazard Ratio (HR): (95% confidence interval): 1.25 (1.20–1.31) per 10-year increase) and Black race (HR: 0.62 (0.53–0.73) vs. White) were associated with adherence in the cohort. A 10% percent increase in adherence increased the odds of being virally suppressed by 37% (OR and 95% CI: 1.37 [1.33–1.41]) and was associated with an increase in mean CD4 count by 8.54 cells/ul in the next 6-month interval (p-value <0.0001).

Conclusions

Our study shows that despite large improvements in retention in care, demographic disparities in adherence to ART persist. Adherence was lower among younger patients and black patients. Our study confirmed the strong association between adherence to ART and viral suppression but could only establish a weak association between adherence and CD4 count. These findings reaffirm the importance of adherence and retention in care and further highlight the need for tailored patient-centered HIV Care Models as a strategy to improve PLWH’s outcomes.
Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay to study treatment effects in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Authors: Power Erica A. , Fernandez-Torres Jenelys , Zhang Liang , Yaun Ruiyi , Lucien Fabrice , Daniels David J.
Published: February 2022

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a lethal pediatric brain tumor. While there are a number of in vivo rodent models for evaluating tumor biology and response to therapy, these models require significant time and resources. Here, we established the chick-embryo chorioallantoic (CAM) assay as an affordable and time efficient xenograft model for testing a variety of treatment approaches for DIPG. We found that patient-derived DIPG tumors develop in the CAM and maintain the same genetic and epigenetic characteristics of native DIPG tumors. We monitored tumor response to pharmaco- and radiation therapy by 3-D ultrasound volumetric and vasculature analysis. In this study, we established and validated the CAM model as a potential intermediate xenograft model for DIPG and its use for testing novel treatment approaches that include pharmacotherapy or radiation.
A comparative driving safety study of mountainous expressway individual tunnel and tunnel group based on eye gaze behavior
Authors: Shang Ting , Qi Hongjiao , Huang An , Liu Tangzhi
Published: February 2022

The traffic environment of a tunnel group is more complex than that of a single tunnel, which increases the driving risk. The eye gaze behavior of drivers can be used to evaluate driving safety and comfort. To analyze the fixation characteristics of drivers in a single tunnel and tunnel group of mountainous expressways, an actual vehicle test is conducted. The test area has a total length of 160 km and 38 tunnels, including 8 tunnel groups and 16 single tunnels. In the test, the difference in the gaze time of five drivers between single tunnels and tunnel groups is compared. The k-means method is used to cluster driver’s gaze points dynamically. Based on the Markov theory, the attributes related to gaze transfer are obtained. The results show that when tunnels are of short or medium length, there is no significant difference in the gaze time and gaze point transfer between the tunnel group and a single tunnel. In contrast, when tunnels have long or extra-long length, the repeated fixation probability and the two-step transition probability of looking back of a driver in a tunnel group are higher than those in a single tunnel. The design and management method of a single tunnel cannot be directly used, especially for extra-long tunnels located at the back of a tunnel group with a long upstream tunnel length and a short interval distance from the upstream tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the design and management methods of tunnel groups.
Prevalence of tick infestation and molecular characterization of spotted fever Rickettsia massiliae in Rhipicephalus species parasitizing domestic small ruminants in north-central Nigeria
Authors: Elelu Nusirat , Ola-Fadunsin Shola David , Bankole Adefolake Ayinke , Raji Mashood Abiola , Ogo Ndudim Isaac , Cutler Sally Jane
Published: February 2022

Ticks are of great menace to animal and human health. They serve as vectors to both animals and human pathogens including Rickettsia species. Tick-borne rickettsiosis in West Africa remains incompletely understood. We determined the prevalence of tick infestation among small ruminants and molecularly described a clinically significant spotted fever Rickettsia massiliae from Rhipicephalus ticks collected from North-Central, Nigeria. A total of 352 small ruminants comprising of 152 sheep and 200 goats that were brought for slaughter at the major small ruminant slaughterhouse in Ilorin were examined for the presence of ticks. The collected Rhipicephalus species were subjected to molecular studies to detect and characterize Rickettsia massiliae. Of the small ruminants examined, 21 sheep and 46 goats were infested with ticks representing 13.82% and 23.00% respectively. Eight and nine different species of ticks were detected in sheep and goats respectively, with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus being the most prevalent tick species in both sheep and goats. There was a significant difference (p <0.01) in the prevalence of the different tick species collected in sheep and in goats. Based on the PCR amplification of the 23S-5S intergenic spacer (IGS), only 2 of the 142 Rhipicephalus tick samples screened for R. massiliae were positive (1.41%; 95% CI = 0.39–4.99). Rickettsia massiliae was detected from Rhipicephalus turanicus collected from sheep. Sequences obtained from the PCR carried out by amplifying Rickettsia 23S-5S IGS showed 99–100% close identity with members of the R. massiliae group. This study has for the first time confirmed the presence of spotted fever group Rickettsia massiliae from feeding ticks in Nigerian small ruminants. Further investigations to determine the possible pathogenic role of human R. massiliae infection in Nigeria would be beneficial.
Land use classification of open-pit mine based on multi-scale segmentation and random forest model
Authors: Yu Xianyu , Zhang Kaixiang , Zhang Yanghui
Published: February 2022

The mining industry production is an important pillar industry in China, while its extensive production activities have led to several ecological and environmental problems. Earth observation technology using high-resolution satellite imagery can help us efficiently obtain information on surface elements, surveying and monitoring various land occupation issues arising from open-pit mining production activities. Conventional pixel-based interpretation methods for high-resolution remote sensing images are restricted by “salt and pepper” noise caused by environmental factors, making it difficult to meet increasing requirements for monitoring accuracy. With the Jingxiang phosphorus mining area in Jingmen Hubei Province as the studied area, this paper uses a multi-scale segmentation algorithm to extract large-scale main characteristic information using a layered mask method based on the hierarchical structure of the image object. The remaining characteristic elements were classified and extracted in combination with the random forest model and characteristic factors to obtain land occupation information related mining industry production, which was compared with the results of the Classification and Regression Tree model. 23 characteristic factors in three aspects were selected, including spectral, geometric and texture characteristics. The methods employed in this study achieved 86% and 0.78 respectively in overall extraction accuracy analysis and the Kappa coefficient analysis, compared to 79% and 0.68 using the conventional method.
Multicenter survey on implantable collamer lens dislocation
Authors: Kojima Takashi , Kitazawa Yoshihiro , Nakamura Tomoaki , Kamiya Kazutaka , Ichikawa Kazuo , Igarashi Akihito , Shimizu Kimiya
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate the incidence, patient background, and postoperative prognosis of implantable collamer lens (ICL) dislocation. We retrospectively reviewed all cases of ICL dislocation at four major refractive surgery centers in Japan until December 2019. The incidence, patient background, cause of dislocation, complications of repositioning surgery, and postoperative visual function were investigated. Seven ICL dislocations [0.072% of total ICL-implanted eyes (9775 eyes)] occurred at an average of 28.6 months (11–82 months) postoperatively. All patients were male. Five eyes were injured during sports activities, one due to a fall from a bicycle, and another due to ocular blunt trauma caused by a mortuary tablet. Two patients had re-dislocation in the same eye. Retinal detachment occurred after repositioning surgery in one patient, and scleral buckling surgery was performed without ICL removal. ICL dislocation is a rare complication of ICL surgery; repositioning surgery is effective, but retinal complications may occur.
Application of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm to predict and optimize greenhouse banana fruit yield through nitrogen, potassium and magnesium
Authors: Ramezanpour Mahmoud Reza , Farajpour Mostafa
Published: February 2022

The excess of the chemical fertilizers not only causes the environmental pollution but also has many deteriorating effects including global warming and alteration of soil microbial diversity. In conventional researches, chemical fertilizers and their concentrations are selected based on the knowledge of experts involved in the projects, which this kind of models are usually subjective. Therefore, the present study aimed to introduce the optimal concentrations of three macro elements including nitrogen (0, 100, and 200 g), potassium (0, 100, 200, and 300 g), and magnesium (0, 50, and 100 g) on fruit yield (FY), fruit length (FL), and number of rows per spike (NRPS) of greenhouse banana using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc LSD test and two well-known artificial neural networks (ANNs) including multilayer perceptron (MLP) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN). According to the results of ANOVA, the highest mean value of the FY was obtained with 200 g of N, 300 g of K, and 50 g of Mg. Based on the results of the present study, the both ANNs models had high predictive accuracy (R2= 0.66–0.99) in the both training and testing data for the FY, FL, and NRPS. However, the GRNN model had better performance than MLP model for modeling and predicting the three characters of greenhouse banana. Therefore, genetic algorithm (GA) was subjected to the GRNN model in order to find the optimal amounts of N, K, and Mg for achieving the high amounts of the FY, FL, and NRPS. The GRNN-GA hybrid model confirmed that high yield of the plant could be achieved by reducing chemical fertilizers including nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium by 65, 44, and 62%, respectively, in compared to traditional method.
Oroxylum indicum Vent.: A Review on its Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile
Authors: SHARMA K.G. , DEVI T.L. , SINGH O.M. , SINGH T.P.
Published: February 2022

Oroxylum indicum Vent. is an important herbal medicinal plant of South-East Asian countries. The plant parts are used in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. It has been known to possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antiulcer and hepatoprotective activities. A wide range of bioactive compounds (like aloe-emodin, chrysin, baicalein, oroxylin A, oroxin A-D, hispiludin and ursolic acid) have been isolated from it, of which flavonoids constitute major secondary metabolites. The presented review summarizes the works undertaken till date, concerning the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological study of the plant.
Impurity Free and Scalable Process of Sorafenib Tosyalte: Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kasina Krishna Chaitanya , Birudaraju Saritha , Tirukkovalluri Siva Rao
Published: February 2022

An efficient, impurities free and scalable process of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma
of sorafenib tosylate with good quality and higher yield.
Quality of Microporous Activated Charcoal from Coconut Shell Waste in Industrial Scale
Authors: DARMAWAN S. , EFIYANTI L. , SAPUTRA N.A. , WIBISONO H.S. , PARI G. , HENDRA D. , ADAM J. , MUFTI
Published: February 2022

Due to its diverse applications in the adsorption process, the activated charcoal encourages the manufacturing technology to produce highquality
products. In present study, an industrial-scale activated charcoal was prepared in activated charcoal manufacturing companies using
coconut shells waste as raw material. The process of making activated charcoal begins with preparation, carbonization and activation of
charcoal into activated charcoal using the addition of steam as an activator. The resulting activated charcoal products meet the quality
requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The best-activated charcoal product from PT Nui Hia Prima produces iodine
adsorption reaching 876.2 mg/g with the surface area of 504.306 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.298 cm3/g. After some treatment with
steam addition, the best product resulting in iodine and methylene blue adsorption are 973.9 mg/g and 121.25 mg/g, respectively. The
development of the activated charcoal products expected to adjust with a technology that is more capable of producing better quality activated
charcoal.
Oxygenation of Substituted (Phenylthio)acetic Acids by Acidic Bromate: A Kinetic and
Mechanistic Study and Validity of Linear Free-Energy Relationships
Authors: BABU B. SURESH , MANJARI P. SUNITHA , REDDY CH. SANJEEVA
Published: February 2022

Kinetics and mechanistic investigations on the oxygenation of (phenylthio)acetic acid and its substituted compounds using bromate in
acid medium have been carried out. The reaction exhibited first-order in [bromate], 1.6 order in [H2SO4], less than one order in [substrate]
and displayed solvent isotopic effect of 1.75 (kD2O/kH2O). The reaction rate is not affected by ionic strength variation, however, enhanced
by lowering dielectric constant of the medium. Structural modifications in the aryl moiety of the substrate resulted in a change of
reactivity, where electron-seeking substituents decreased the reaction rate. The order of reactivity among the studied substrates is paramethoxy
> para-methyl > -H > para-chloro ≈ para-bromo > para-nitro(phenylthio)acetic acid and showed an excellent correlation
between rate constant and the Hammett substituent constant (σ value). The reaction constant (ρ) value is negative (-1.37 at 303 K) and
decreased by increase in the reaction temperature. Proposed mechanism involves decomposition of the complex formed between acid
bromate and the substrate. Based on the proposed mechanism, an appropriate rate law has been derived and tested for its validity.
Activation parameters and isokinetic temperature have been evaluated and discussed. The validity of linear free-energy relationships have
been discussed thoroughly.
Denatured Crude Protein Extracts from the Sea Anemone
Entacmaea quadricolor as Capping Agents for Silver Nanoclusters
Authors: Chu Jasmin Y. , Espiritu Rafael A.
Published: February 2022

Silver nanoclusters (AgNC) have gained considerable attention for their potential applications. In
present work, crude protein extracts from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor subjected to either
heat or β-mercaptoethanol denaturation were prepared to investigate the effects of these processes in
the formation of AgNC and on its preliminary bioactivity, measured using a hemolysis assay against
human erythrocytes. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analysis of silver nanoclusters
showed no significant alterations in protein secondary structure upon nanocluster formation for all
samples. All samples, including the crude protein extracts, were found to be weakly hemolytic at the
concentration range tested (0.5-1.0 mg protein/mL). These results imply that E. quadricolor crude
protein denaturation prior to use with the reduction of Ag+ has no deleterious effects in functioning as
capping agents for the prepared AgNC.
Development of Perovskite Based Electrode Materials for Application in Electrochemical Supercapacitors: Present Status and Future Prospects
Authors: JOSE VINAYA , JOSE VISMAYA , CHRISTY C. FREEDA , NESARAJ A. SAMSON
Published: February 2022

Nanostructured electrode materials have illustrated predominant electrochemical properties in producing high-performance supercapacitors. Perovskite based nanostructures with formula ABO3 have received broad consideration due to their excellent physical and chemical characteristics such as electrically active structure, electronic conductivity, ionic conductivity, supermagnetic, photocatalytic, thermoelectric, and dielectric properties, etc. Hence, perovksite based nano-structured materials are supposed to be promising, fascinating electrode materials for designing supercapacitors with high energy storage performance. In this review article, the recent progress and advances in designing perovskite based nanostructured electrode materials is discussed, which can provide as a guideline for the next generation of supercapacitor electrode design.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Piperazine
(2-Chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea Analogues as Anticancer Agents
Authors: SOWMITHRI SUDHARSHANACHARYULU , KUMAR J.V. SHANMUKHA , MAHESH PALLA , KRISHNAMOHAN T.
Published: February 2022

A series of piperazine (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea analogues (6a-h) have been designed, synthesized, characterized and screened for
anticancer activity against five human cancer cell lines viz. human colorectal cancer (HCT-116 and HCT-15), human colon cancer (Colo-
205), human breast cancer (MCF-7) and leukaemia (Molt-4). Among the screened compounds, compound 6f exhibits potent activity
against HCT-116 cell line with an IC50 of 1.0 μM, which regarded as promising drug candidate for the development of anticancer agents.
Study of Anticorrosive Action and Synthesis of 2-(Phenoxymethyl)-5-p-tolyl- 1,3,4-oxadiazole in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid Medium for Mild Steel
Authors: KUMAR SURESH , KALIA VIKAS , DAHIYA HARIOM
Published: February 2022

Oxadiazole derivative 2-(phenoxymethyl)-5-p-tolyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (2POM5PTO) was prepared by condensation of phenoxymethyl hydrazine with p-tolualdehyde. Further tested as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel via electrochemical methods, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and gravimetric experiments. An increasing trend in inhibition efficiency has been seen on raising the concentration of 2POM5PTO. PDP technique reveals the mixed-type inhibitor behaviour of 2POM5PTO. The depressed semicircular Nyquist plot explains that the charge transfer resistance increased with inhibitor concentration while double-layer capacitance (Cdl) decreased. The surface elucidation was done by scanning electron microscopy. The studied inhibitor obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Políticas públicas educacionais que permeiam a prática pedagógica da Educação Infantil na perspectiva da Inclusão Escolar
Authors: Silva Jacqueline Silva da , Steffens Carine Rozane , Pereira Rosiane Sousa
Published: February 2022

Este estudo é resultado de discussões realizadas na disciplina Políticas Públicas Educacionais, do Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu - Mestrado em Ensino, oferecido na Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, de Lajeado/RS. Nessa disciplina, foi desenvolvida a metodologia da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP), tendo o intuito de responder à seguinte questão: “Como as políticas públicas educacionais permeiam as práticas pedagógicas da Educação Infantil, na perspectiva da Inclusão Escolar?”. Por meio de análise, reflexão e problematização de algumas políticas públicas educacionais voltadas para a Educação Infantil e o Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), na perspectiva da Inclusão Escolar, constatou-se que a Educação Infantil deve atender todas as crianças, sem exclusões, assegurando-lhes qualidade e equidade de ensino, através de situações lúdicas. Da mesma forma, o AEE deve garantir aos educandos com deficiências ou limitações, condições de acesso e permanência na escola com respeito e equidade. Para tanto, a instituição escolar precisa, em todos os níveis de ensino, desenvolver práticas pedagógicas que assegurem os direitos de aprendizagem e que atendam as necessidades e especificidades de cada criança. Essa perspectiva está alinhada com a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), que não apresenta nenhum eixo específico da Educação Especial na perspectiva da Inclusão Escolar, por entender que ela já está inserida em qualquer etapa do ensino.
A formação colaborativa de professores que ensinam matemática: uma experiência no contexto de atividades remotas
Authors: Santos Ernani Martins dos , Almeida Luana Cerqueira de , Oliveira Rayssa Melo de
Published: February 2022

Pesquisas que envolvem colaboração ou análise de grupos colaborativos têm ganhado cada vez mais espaço na área da Educação. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar práticas colaborativas desenvolvidas num processo formativo online, com 28 professores que ensinam matemática na Educação Básica e que participam de um projeto em rede. A formação foi desenvolvida a partir da metodologia da Espiral RePARe (Reflexão-Planejamento-Ação-Reflexão). Tendo como base uma abordagem qualitativa, os dados foram coletados a partir das narrativas dos participantes do processo formativo, em encontros síncronos, em uma plataforma digital, por meio de observações diretas e das gravações de áudio e vídeo dos encontros. Os resultados apontam para a constituição de um grupo colaborativo com práticas pautadas na construção de ambientes de discussão, autonomia e respeito mútuo, que permeiam debates sobre a teoria e a prática no ensino de matemática, a partir de um modelo de formação de professores.
BUILDING THE FOUNDATION OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE AND COUNTERING RADICALISM IDEOLOGY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Azizi Alfian Qodri , Faiq Muhammad , Taufiq Thiyas Tono
Published: February 2022

Human rights enforcement, especially in the aspect of religious freedom in Indonesia, is still unsolved. Violence involving conflicts among religious followers still occurs. It shows that the space for religious freedom is still a critical problem in this country. Indonesia is a multi-cultural country, but a narrow understanding makes plurality the root of hatred and anger. Indeed, diversity will contribute to national development, but on the other hand, it can also trigger horizontal conflicts. This article will unravel the problems that cause religious intolerance and how to overcome the mushrooming of radicalism. This article is qualitative-based research. The data were collected from the library study. The acts of violence caused by wrong religious understanding were analyzed from the Human Rights enforcement, Islamic theology, and socio-juridical viewpoints so that alternative solutions for acts of violence occurring in society, especially among Muslims, can be settled. This study finds that tolerance has its foundations in both religion and positive law in Indonesia. Therefore, any intolerance has no basis, and it will only worsen the image of Islam and make people unsympathetic to religion.
Propuesta de diseño de un amortiguador de masa sintonizada para modelos dinámicos de laboratorio
Authors: González Martínez Germán Yecid , Machado Laitón Lerman Duván , Ortiz Cano Nelson Andrés
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo presenta el diseño de un amortiguador de masa sintonizada (AMS) para el control de vibraciones de una viga metálica simplemente soportada. Considerando las propiedades mecánicas de resortes comerciales y amortiguadores magnéticos, y con la aplicación del método de elementos finitos, se evaluó la factibilidad de construcción de un AMS que permitiera reducir las vibraciones en la viga. Este estudio describe las propiedades mecánicas de la viga, así como las características del amortiguador de masa sintonizada. Los resultados se podrán utilizar en la construcción de modelos dinámicos que promuevan el estudio del análisis experimental de estructuras. Para identificar la rigidez y amortiguamiento adecuado, se utilizaron las ecuaciones propuestas por Deng Hartog. Finalmente, fue evaluado el desempeño del AMS en el control de vibraciones en condiciones de excitación de impacto. Con la implementación del dispositivo, en los resultados se encontraron reducciones superiores al 90 %.
Ciudadanía, participación electoral y desarrollo humano. El caso de 17 municipios de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Martínez Olivera Christian , Martínez García Karina Aidee , Miguel Velasco Andrés Enrique
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza 17 municipios pertenecientes al estado de Oaxaca (México) durante el período 2000-2018, con el objetivo de conocer la relación entre el desarrollo humano y la participación electoral a nivel local. Utiliza una metodología cuantitativa a través del diseño de una base de datos con información documental de instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales. La hipótesis que se plantea es que el desarrollo humano tiene un impacto po-sitivo y significativo en la participación electoral de los municipios de estudio. Para su comprobación se aplican métodos de estadística descriptiva y regresión, y se obtuvo una asociación positiva entre las variables analizadas. Información valiosa para las instituciones del Estado encargadas de consolidar la democracia y credibilidad del sistema político mexicano; así como para actores políticos cuyo objetivo es ocupar puestos públicos de elección popular, para el diseño de estrategias que tengan por objetivo el incentivar la partici-pación ciudadana, como elemento clave para afianzar sus proyectos.
Analisis Sistem Pemilihan dan Daur Ulang Sampah Rumah Tangga di Daerah Perkotaan Menggunakan Pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Authors: Adicita Yosef , Afifah Anshah Silmi
Published: February 2022

Secara umum sistem pengelolan sampah padat rumah tangga yang ada di Kota Batam saat ini adalah dari sumber, pewadahan, pengumpulan, pemindahan, pengangkutan dan pemrosesan akhir. Salah satu proses yang dapat berpengaruh pada sistem pengelolaan sampah adalah proses daur ulang. Proses daur ulang belum dilakukan dengan baik dan maksimal karena dari setiap rumah tangga, sampah kemudian dikumpulkan dengan cara digabungkan tanpa memikirkan komponennya. Kurangnya proses pemisahan sampah berdasarkan komposisinya dapat berpengaruh pada lingkungan karena proses pengelolaan dan pengolahan tidak dilakukan dengan semestinya terutama pada saat pandemi seperti ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan potensi dampak lingkungan dengan membandingkan empat skenario daur ulang yang berhubungan dengan proses pemisahan sampah menggunakan life cycle assessment (LCA). Penelitian akan dibagi menjadi lima tahapan yaitu tahapan pengumpulan data sekunder, penentuan skenario pemisahan sampah dan daur ulang, life cycle assessment (LCA) pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan perhitungan IPCC dan kesimpulan serta rekomendasi. Hasil menunjukan bahwa skenario pertama yaitu pemisahan dilakukan 0,002% dari total sampah Kota Batam memiliki persentase Global Warming Potential (GWP) tertingi sebesar 36,82% dengan CH4 merupakan potensi senyawa tertinggi yang mempengaruhi persentase GWP.ABSTRACTIn general, the existing municipal solid waste management system in Batam City today is from the source, storage, collection, transfer, transportation and final disposal. One of the processes that can affect the waste management system is recycling. The recycling process has not been carried out optimally and adequately because of every household. Waste is then collected by combining it without thinking about the components. The lack of a waste separation process based on its composition can affect the environment because the management and processing process is not carried out properly, especially during a pandemic like this. This study aims to determine the potential environmental impact by comparing four recycling scenarios related to the waste separation process using a life cycle assessment (LCA). This study was divided into five steps first collected secondary data, determined waste separated and recycling scenario, data analyzed using IPCC, conclusion and recommendation. The results show that the first scenario, i.e. separation is done 0.002% of the total waste in Batam City, has the highest Global Warming Potential (GWP) percentage of 36.82%, with CH4 being the highest potential compound that affects the GWP percentage
KERAGAMAN JENIS LALAT DAN EKTOPARASIT (JAMUR) PADA KAKI LALAT DI PASAR PETERONGAN KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Fadhila Aulia Nur , Sutiningsih Dwi , Martini Martini
Published: February 2022

Flies are one of a mechanical vector that could spread a lot of disease, they also often get associated as a carriers of diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery, diarrhea, and etc. The presence of flies itself in one place can be used as an indicator that the area was less hygienic. The purpose of this research was to find out the diversity of fungi and flies at the Peterongan Market, Semarang. This research was an explanatory study that was using a survey method and laboratory examination with cross sectional approach. The population of this study was all the flies that caught at the Peterongan Market, Semarang. The sampling was done by using accidental sampling at three different stalls on the ground floor of Peterongan Market. There was 25 flies that caught in this research, including of Musca domestica, Phaenicia sericata, and Sarcophaga. There was also several fungal spores that accidently carried by the flies on their feet just like Mucor, Rhizopus arrhizus (Rhizopus oryzae), Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus. Most common flies and fungal spores that found in this research was Musca domestica and Aspergillus.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KINERJA PEGAWAI PUSKESMAS SRAGEN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Wulansari Galuh , Wahyono Bambang
Published: February 2022

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic directly has an impact on the decline in the performance of health services, one of which is the role of puskesmas in carrying out their duties and functions. This problem occurs in the Sragen Health Center. The performance achievement at the Sragen Health Center was 65.62% and was included in the less category, it was proven that it had not reached the target targeted by the government of 80%. The problem that arises is is there a relationship between perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic with the performance of the Sragen Health Center employees in 2021. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional study approach. The population in this study were all employees of the Sragen Public Health Center. Sampling used a total sampling technique, so the research sample was 56 respondents. Based on the analysis using the chi-square test, it shows that work attitude has a relationship with the performance of the p-value of 0.003 (p-value <0.005), and there is a positive correlation in the direction of the strength of the moderate correlation with the Pearson correlation value of 0.423. Work motivation has a relationship with the performance of the p-value of 0.002 (p-value <0.005), and there is a positive correlation in the direction of the moderate strength of the correlation with the Pearson correlation value of 0.405. Work experience has a relationship with the performance of the p-value of 0.001 (p-value <0.005), and there is a positive correlation in the direction of the strength of the strong correlation with the Pearson correlation value of 0.621. The work environment has a significant relationship with the performance of the p-value of 0.001 (p-value <0.005), and there is a positive correlation in the direction of the moderate strength of the correlation with the Pearson correlation value of 0.494.Keywords: performance, environment, motivation, experience, attitude
PENGALAMAN PENGASUH DALAM MERAWAT LANSIA DENGAN PENYAKIT KRONIS REMATIK DI WILAYAH JANGKAUAN LKS LU MANDAR INDONESIA DI DESA BUKU
Authors: Akbar Fredy , Nur Hamdan , Hardika Hardika
Published: February 2022

The aging process is a life cycle characterized by the decline in various organ functions in the body which is marked by the susceptibility of the body to various disease attacks. As for these changes affect the deterioration of physical health which in turn will affect susceptibility to disease. Rheumatic disease and joint inflammation are common diseases in the community, especially in people aged 40 years and over. More than 40 percent of these age groups suffer from complaints of joint and muscle pain. This study aims to determine the experience of caregivers in caring for the elderly with chronic rheumatic disease in Buku Village, Mapilli sDistrict, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province. . The method used in this sresearch is this research using qualitative research where this research is a method of inquiry to find answers to the elderly. The sample was 20 elderly respondents who were made as respondents. The results of the study were based on the results of the research on the understanding of caregivers in caring for the elderly with chronic rheumatic disease, there were 20 respondents who did the research.The results were the understanding of caregivers in caring for the elderly who lacked understanding as many as 2 people (10%) and good understanding of caregivers as much as 18 people (90%).
Participación Y Nueva Gestión Pública: Un Análisis A Nivel Municipal Tunja, Duitama Y Sogamoso
Authors: Barreto Bernal Laura Margarita , Bermúdez Guerrero Jaime Ignacio , Barreto Patricia Carolina
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo es resultado de un proceso de investigación realizado entre investigadores de las Universidades Antonio Nariño, la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia y la Universidad Nacional Abierta a distancia UNAD, en el proyecto denominado “Evidencia Pragmática de los elementos centrales de la Nueva Gestión Pública -NGP en tres municipios de Boyacá: Tunja, Duitama y Sogamoso, período 2012-2015”. Desde un análisis documental se buscó analizar los datos obtenidos alrededor del elemento participación ciudadana en el marco de las administraciones de los tres municipios analizados. Se encontrará una contextualización conceptual sobre la NGP y la participación ciudadana como fuente de legitimidad; posteriormente la presentación de la metodología aplicada, los resultados obtenidos y las conclusiones. Se pudo evidenciar un uso diferenciado de los espacios de participación y se identifica su uso para la construcción de legitimidad de manera preponderante en las primeras etapas del ciclo de gestión.
Ranking 2018 y diagnóstico de la investigación en los programas de derecho en Colombia
Authors: Milla Antonio
Published: February 2022

El artículo presenta una segunda edición de la clasificación de los resultados de los mejores programas de derecho en Colombia, con base en su producción de investigación. La fuente principal es la Convocatoria 2018 sobre grupos de investigación auspiciada por el Ministerio de Ciencia de Colombia. Esta medición y reconocimiento de grupos de investigación es un barómetro útil para ponderar el resultado de la investigación. El análisis examina de manera específica los resultados asociados a los programas de derecho. Discute la relación entre el resultado de la investigación y el registro calificado de programas de doctorado, la acreditación de alta calidad de los programas, el acceso a programas de derecho de calidad de pregrado y otros aspectos de la política pública de educación superior. En resumen, el lector encontrará en este un artículo útil para evaluar varios procesos de la educación superior en derecho.
Cláusula Martens: Una Oportunidad Para La Protección Del Ambiente En Los Conflictos Armados
Authors: Pardo Ballesteros Manuel Francisco
Published: February 2022

Mediante el análisis del Derecho Internacional Humanitario convencional y consuetudinario, este artículo establece cómo la insuficiencia de este régimen en la protección del ambiente en los conflictos armados puede ser superado mediante la aplicación de las exigencias de la conciencia pública de la Cláusula Martens y el derecho blando ambiental. Para tal fin, el artículo inicia estableciendo el origen, alcance e interpretaciones de la Cláusula Martens y la forma como esta se erige como una fuente de derecho internacional independiente a las del artículo 38 del Estatuto de la Corte Internacional de Justicia. Acto seguido se analizan los instrumentos del DIH y su suficiencia para proteger el ambiente. Finalmente, se establece cómo mediante la Cláusula Martens y en especial las exigencias de la conciencia pública se podría exigir el cumplimiento de las disposiciones del derecho blando ambiental para guiar las conductas de las partes en conflicto.
Carathéodory approximate solutions for a class of stochastic differential equations involving the local time at point zero with one-sided Lipschitz continuous drift coefficients
Authors: Hiderah Kamal
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we study the Carathéodory approximate solution for a class of stochastic differential equations involving the local time at point zero.
Based on the Carathéodory approximation procedure, we prove that stochastic differential equations involving the local time at point zero have a unique solution, and we show that the Carathéodory approximate solution converges to the solution of stochastic differential equations involving the local time at point zero with one-sided Lipschitz drift coefficient.
Journalistic Practices on Twitter: A Comparative Visual Study on the Personalization of Conflict Reporting on Social Media
Authors: Fahmy Shahira S. , Taha Basma Mostafa , Karademir Hasan
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Using a mixed-method approach, this comparative study unpacks the way journalists personalized the controversial Yemen Civil War by examining the patterns of visual framing on Twitter. It further explores the influence of the individual level factor (home country or foreign identity of the journalist) and organizational level factor (countries affiliated with news organizations directly or indirectly involved in the conflict), on images shared on the Twitter platform.

Design/methodology/approach

A content analysis and a semiotic analysis of 2880 image tweets were used to investigate the different visual narratives related to the conflict and the extent of personalized journalism on Twitter.

Findings

The content analysis showed that while journalists offered some personalized reporting, by and large, they preferred to adopt a neutral stance when reporting the conflict. The semiotic analysis complemented the findings and identified more broadly that the image tweets analyzed emphasized the classic war-as-a-tragedy narrative, while at the same time shedding some light on the political conflict.

Practical implications

Researchers are given guidance into journalistic practices on social media and a deeper understanding of the extent and role of personalized journalism of conflict on Twitter.

Social implications

This study captured the fluctuating role of journalists on Twitter. Journalists occasionally fluctuated in their visual roles between being neutral observers and moral agents. These fluctuations were likely influenced by an array of factors, including the journalist’s home country or foreign identity and the country affiliation of news organizations they were working for.

Originality/value

This is the first study to show that journalists from different backgrounds have remained somehow obliged to carry on with their journalistic roles on Twitter. It also sheds light on different levels of influences on personalized war coverage on social media and extend the hierarchy of influence model (Shoemaker, Pamela & Stephen Reese. 1996.Mediating the Message; Theories of influence on mass media content. New York: Longman) in the context of personalized reporting on Twitter. It thus adds to the growing body of knowledge on how this model plays out in an online-first era, especially in non-western contexts.
Material-property correlations for a high-alloy special steel
Authors: Michael Oliver , Rosemann Paul , Halle Thorsten , Dieck Sebastian
Published: February 2022

Using the example of the high-alloy austenitic steel 1.4828 (X15CrNiSi20-12), which is typically used for high-temperature applications, this paper will demonstrate how the performance characteristics of semi-finished products are impacted by the condition of a material after production and processing. For this purpose, samples of a cost-effective as-cast condition and a comparatively expensive as-forged condition were studied in a comparative approach. The microstructure was examined by means of light optical as well as scanning electron microscopy, hardness values were determined, and the corrosion behavior was characterized by electrochemical investigations. The comparative studies show that despite an almost identical chemical composition, both the as-fabricated and as-processed conditions of a material have a decisive impact on the performance characteristics, particularly on corrosion behavior.
Impact of surface preparation on the formation of deformation-induced α‘-martensite in a metastable austenitic steel
Authors: Kubotsch Marcel , Scheck Rudi , Willer Dieter , Speicher Magdalena , Soppa Ewa Anna
Published: February 2022

The metastable austenitic steel X6CrNi-Nb18-10 (AISI 347) will partly transform to α‘-martensite under mechanical loading at room temperature. In order to determine the influence of loading conditions on deformation-induced martensitic transformation, a thorough surface preparation is required for the samples to be analyzed, ensuring that a martensite-free sample surface is achieved prior to mechanical loading. In this paper, two preparation techniques were compared, focusing in particular on the final preparation step, which is polishing. Measurements using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) have revealed that large α‘-martensite volume fractions of more than 20 % are present on the prepared sample surface after vibratory polishing. However, they can be removed almost completely by electrolytic polishing and chemical etching respectively.
Liquid Metal Embrittlement in Narrow Gap Welds
Authors: Neidel A. , Riesenbeck S. , Giller M.
Published: February 2022

Failure analysts are sometimes surprised to find well-known metallurgical failure mechanisms at work in completely unexpected places. This contribution is an eloquent example for just such an incidental convergence of well-known failure mechanism and fabrication process where it was not reported to have previously occurred. Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME) was observed in Narrow Gap Welds (NGW) produced for Welding Procedure Qualification (WPQ). The embrittling liquid metal was copper in this case. It is believed to have originated from copper backing used for weld pool protection. It was recommended to replace copper backing with ceramic weld pool protection.