bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Model of Nursing Shift in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Authors: Torabi Mashallah , Goodarzi Maryam , Ahmadi Maryam , Hamidi Hamideh , Elmi Samira , Golmah Fatemeh , Mortezaie Samira , Nezari Parisa
Published: May 2022

Background: Nurses play a key role in increasing the efficiency of healthcare systems. Given the 24-hour performance of hospitals and the small number of nurses in the field of treatment, it is quintessential to re-shift them in the hospital. This study set out to achieve coherence in nursing shift planning and justice in the order of shifts in hospital.
Methods: This applied and a developmental study was performed from 2019 to 2020. We used genetic algorithm to provide operational solutions and define flexible shifts and plan nurses' working hours in Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Results: Based on the selection of each nurse and determining the approved shifts of each ward, the possibility of appropriate planning was provided to determine the required shifts per month and to estimate the needs of each department.
Conclusion: Using genetic algorithm and nursing shift in office automation console provides useful tools for managers at all organizational levels, according to which a good balance between the hospital's need for nurse and nurses’ demands in different time periods.
Antimicrobial Potential of the Green Microalgae Isolated from the Persian Gulf
Authors: Niazi Vahdati Saeed , Behboudi Hossein , Tavakoli Sara , Aminian Fatemeh , Ranjbar Reza
Published: May 2022

Background: We aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of Persian Gulf microalgae extracts on some Gram-positive and negative bacterial species in order to find new compounds with antibacterial activity.
Methods: After sampling microalgae from December 2020 to April 2021 from the northernmost part of Qeshm Island in Persian Gulf, the antibacterial activity of methanolic and ethyl acetate extract of microalgae were tested in three concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mg/ml on Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by disk-diffusion assay and the results were compared with two standard antibiotics including ciprofloxacin and streptomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were assessed spectrophotometrically using microplate and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader.
Results: Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts had antibacterial effects against Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Compared to ethyl acetate extract, the methanolic extract showed stronger effects on both Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The most antibacterial effect was related to methanolic extract with a concentration of 500 mg/ml on S. aureus by 14.6 mm inhibition zone. Evidence from MIC also confirmed that the lowest MIC was belonged to methanolic extract by 0.75 mg/ml against S. aureus. Interestingly, both of these extracts showed more antibacterial activity on Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria.
Conclusion: The investigation proved the efficacy of microalgae extracts isolated from Persian Gulf as natural antimicrobials and suggested the possibility of employing them in medicines as antimicrobial agents.
Effects of Different Particulate Matter Exposure Methods on Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Cho Su-Youn , So Wi-Young , Roh Hee-Tae
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Increasing Incidence and Male to Female Sex Ratio of Multiple Sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Kamali Hoda , Hosseini Samaneh , Rezaei Aliabadi Hossein , Poursadeghfard Maryam , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Eskandarieh Sharareh
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Life Expectancy as a Quality of Life Indicator
Authors: Aimbetova Gulshara , Dossybayeva Gulzhan , Suleimenova Roza , Turgambayeva Aliya , Turgambayeva Assiya
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Response Comment on “In Silico Comparison of Separate or Combinatorial Effects of Potential Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Binding Site of ACE2”
Authors: Shakhsi-Niaei Mostafa , Heidari Soureshjani Ehsan , Kazemi Babaheydari Ali
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Podatki i opłaty ekologiczne jako instrumenty polityki środowiskowej
Authors: Małolepszy Wojciech
Published: May 2022

Ecological taxes and fees as environmental policy instruments. Purpose: Contemporary world’s challenges related to the emerging environmental issues imply a necessity of developing an appropriate set of environmental management tools. The aims of the chapter are to present general principles of ecological taxation and to demonstrate the role of ecological taxes and fees as instruments that contribute effectively to the achievement of environmental protection policy objectives. Design/methodology/approach: The chapter presents a critical review of the academic and institutional research on ecological taxation and the results of a data analysis on environmental taxes in the European Union countries in 2019. It has been divided into four sections. The first and the second ones were devoted to the theoretical, functional and developmental aspects of ecological taxes and fees. Then, the indicators showing size of environmental tax burden in European Union countries were evaluated. The last section focused on a wide range of tax mechanisms and tools that would potentially improve environmental policy around the world. Findings: Ecological taxes and fees play a leading role when it comes to the use of the economic instruments for environmental policy. It is indicated that appropriately designed and implemented ecological tax system can provide comprehensive and effective support for achieving environmental objectives. It is essential to create new ecological tax mechanisms, as well as to modify existing ones to adapt them to the upcoming climate, environmental and energy challenges.
Wpłaty od plastikowych odpadów opakowaniowych niepodlegających recyklingowi – nowe źródło dochodów budżetowych Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Cieślukowski Maciej
Published: May 2022

Payments from non-recyclable plastic packaging waste – a new source of budgetary revenue of the European Union. Purpose: To present the construction of a new source of EU budget revenues (contributions from non-recyclable plastic packaging waste) and its assessment against the EU’s own resources system from the point of view of the set criteria. Design/methodology/approach: The study is of a literature and empirical character. The research consists of four stages. The first stage presents the evolution of the EU’s own resources in the period 1951–2020. Domestic literature and EU source documents in Polish and English were used. In the second stage, the construction of a new source of revenue was presented. The legal regulations of the EU were used. The third stage is the presentation of the proposed burden-sharing for the new resource between Member States in 2022. For this purpose, internal regulations and EU statistical data was used. In the final stage of the research, the new source of revenue was assessed against other own resources according to the criteria set (simple structure, transparency, fiscal stability and efficiency, link with the EU policy, low collection costs, fair burden sharing, financial autonomy). EU source material was used for this. The study mainly uses the method of descriptive analysis, and for the assessment of own resources—also the method of qualitative multi-criteria analysis. Findings: The analysis shows that the new source of revenue is primarily characterized by a simple structure, low collection costs, is also closely related to the EU environmental policy, and ensures a relatively fair burden-sharing between the Member States. On the other hand, the weaknesses of the new source are poor transparency and poor fiscal efficiency. As a result, it provides the Union with little financial independence. The new source of revenue generally improves the quality of the entire system of UE own resources.
Opodatkowanie towarów i usług w obliczu cyfryzacji gospodarki i społeczeństwa
Authors: Skierś Aleksandra
Published: May 2022

Taxation of goods and services in the face of digitization of the economy and society. Purpose: Evaluation of value added tax (in Poland: goods and services tax) regulations in terms of their adaptation to changes resulting from the development of digitization of the economy, as well as to socio-economic processes. Design/methodology/approach: An analysis of legal acts, a review of tax rulings and proposed solutions concerning VAT taxation presented in the literature. The study addresses issues related to e-commerce and the provision of services at a distance. It also outlines the problem of taxation of the sharing economy. Findings: On the basis of the analysis it may be concluded that the regulations on indirect taxation of digital activity, although they are not without flaws, can be applicable to modern trade and provision of services. However, there are still issues which require developing new solutions (such as taxation of the sharing economy).
Digitalizacja rozliczeń VAT na tle zasady proporcjonalności
Authors: Bujak Mateusz
Published: May 2022

Digitization of vat settlements on the background of the proportionality principle. Purpose: The main objective of the following article is an analysis of the newest digitization tools included in Polish legislation with emphasis on their compliance with proportionality principle expressed in the jurisprudence of courts. Design/methodology/approach: In the study, the author used methods such as the analysis of legislative solutions, VAT gaps, and VAT settlements obligations across the Europe. The author also cites opinions of tax law experts to indicate their attitude to new solutions. Findings: The incompatibility of new digitization solutions with the proportionality principle has been demonstrated, mainly in the scope of imposing too much information burdens that are largely unjustified in terms of combating the VAT gap or complying with VAT obligations. The introduced solutions made the fulfillment of obligations even more complicated and introduced uncertainty relative to the legal basis of the new solutions. However, positive changes emerged, leading to some extent to compliance with the principle of proportionality in the simplifying changes in the last amendment to the law.
Efektywność działania Krajowej Administracji Skarbowej
Authors: Raducki Arkadiusz
Published: May 2022

Effectiveness of the national tax administration. Purpose: The solution to the low efficiency of the tax administration in Poland in the last decade was to consolidate the entire tax apparatus in 2017. The main objective of the study is to determine the impact of fiscal administration consolidation on the effectiveness of its operations. The conducted analysis will allow to assess whether the tax administration reform of 2017 resulted in an increase in the effectiveness of its operation in 2017–2020 compared to previous years. Design/methodology/approach: The data used here was based on materials published by the Supreme Audit Office and reports of international financial advisory companies, including taxes. The opinions of administrative law and tax law experts on legislative changes affecting the effectiveness of the National Tax Administration were also taken into account. Therefore, the analyses carried out in the study are of secondary nature to a large extent. Findings: The conducted analysis showed that in 2017–2020 there was a significant improvement in most of the analysed performance indicators of the National Tax Administration compared to previous years. Disadvantageous phenomena in taxation, such as the shadow economy or the VAT and CIT gap, were significantly reduced, which resulted in an increase in the amount of tax and customs revenues in the state budget. The increase in efficiency is also measured in the increased effectiveness of tax and customs-fiscal audits in recent years. The efficiency of the enforcement of tax arrears has also increased significantly. Innovative IT systems played a major role in increasing the efficiency of the consolidated fiscal administration. However, it should be remembered that in the analysed years, i.e. 2017–2020, Poland had a good general economic climate, which significantly facilitated the National Tax Administration to achieve better results. In addition, many factors influence the increase in the efficiency of the tax authorities’ activities, example.g. in combating tax crime, so it should be noted that the existing relationships may be of a coincidence.
Empirical Evidence for Incorrectness of Using Separation of Variables according to the Fourier Method in Oscillation Theory
Authors: Arinchev S.V.
Published: May 2022

The investigation concerns resonance properties. Separation of variables is the primary method of solving boundary value problems in oscillation theory. Separating variables means accepting the Fourier hypothesis that resonance at a given frequency involves all points on a given geometry oscillating at the same frequency (the resonant frequency). According to the Fourier hypothesis, the frequency response peaks of different sensors should lie on the same vertical line. Nastran and ANSYS use the Fourier hypothesis. We carried out frequency tests of items in the range of 10...100 Hz. Analysis of the test results showed (Fig. 2) that a resonance (at the same frequency) involved different points on the item geometry oscillating at different frequencies. We discovered frequency shifts measuring 1 Hz. Thus, the Fourier hypothesis does not work, and it is not correct to use separation of variables to solve the respective modal analysis problem.
The Paradigma of legal science in a global digital society
Authors: Gil Ruiz Juana María
Published: May 2022

Digital society development is transforming reality in a manner that impacts all aspects of our society: the economic, the social, the political and, in consequence, the legal. Not surprisingly, this digital revolution compels us towards a general rethinking of the paradigms of legal science, which must now be examined in the light of this new reality. At the same time, the urgent need to respond to binding international commitments that have been acquired in an effort to demonstrate a commitment to inclusive societies and non-exclusionary citizen models inevitably requires incorporation of the principle of gender mainstreaming, which can only be understood from the iusfeminist methodology from which it originates. This inevitably leads us to consider the relationship between a concept of law that regulates (or should regulate) our social and individual life, and a jurist-agent model that, by its own action or omission, will shape and legitimise the same and, consequently, the need for critical, meditative thinking in the area of philosophy of law.
Pomiędzy akceptacją a niechęcią, czyli o złożoności kontaktów międzykulturowych w podróży
Authors: Kotus Jacek
Published: May 2022

Współcześnie podróżowanie jest zjawiskiem masowym. W czasie wielu podróży dochodzi do kontaktów międzykulturowych, często z kulturami bardzo odległymi od siebie. Pojawiają się pytania: czy współczesny wędrowiec oczekuje kontaktów międzykulturowych w podróży?, jak wyobraża sobie takie spotkania? Te z pozoru proste pytania prowadzą do zastanowienia się nad intencjonalnością i złożonością kontaktów międzykulturowych, co jest zasadniczym celem opracowania. W artykule zwraca się uwagę na role społeczne, jakie towarzyszą współczesnemu podróżnikowi oraz teoretyczne scenariusze kontaktu interkulturowego analizujące jego symetryczną i asymetryczną postać.
Morskie rejsy turystyczne nową gałęzią przemysłu turystycznego
Authors: Ptaszycka-Jackowska Danuta
Published: May 2022

Artykuł przedstawia słabo znaną w Polsce, ale dynamicznie rozwijającą się na świecie formę turystyki, jaką są morskie rejsy turystyczne. Autorka charakteryzuje floty turystyczne w skali świata i Europy, kierunki rejsów i odwiedzane porty, elementy organizacji. Ilustracją szczegółową jest przykład najsilniejszej w Europie włoskiej kompanii Costa Crociere, organizującej rejsy w Europie i na świecie.
Formulation and Evaluation of Bajra Millet (PBH-1625) Beverage and Probiotic Beverage
Authors: Manasa Ch. , Aparna K. , Hymavathi T.V. , Kiran V. Kavitha , Sreedhar M.
Published: May 2022

Background: Speciality and functionality of beverages are rising trend and one of major functional requirement is milk alternative. Millets are one of the good source for plant based beverage as they are rich source of micronutrients, especially B vitamins, minerals as well as macronutrients. Methods: Bajra grain was pressure cooked and ground to a slurry. The slurry was diluted (millet to water ratios - 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8) and best dilution ratio was selected based on sensory evaluation and was used for development of probiotic beverage using Lactobacillus culture and fermented (8 hours, 16 hours and 24 hours). The nutrient composition of bajra grains, unfermented bajra beverage and probiotic beverage were analysed. Result: The results indicate that bajra beverage with millet to water ratio of 1:7 and probiotic beverage fermented for 8 hours was accepted based on sensory evaluation. The pH, total flavonoids and total antioxidant activity of the probiotic beverage decreases and total soluble solids, viscosity, sedimentation index was increased after 8 hours of fermentation in comparison to unfermented bajra beverage. The whiteness index of bajra probiotic beverage increases after fermentation.
Bioremediation of Heavy Metals using the Interaction between Plants and Genetically Engineered Microbes
Authors: Verma Pankaj Kumar , Verma Shikha , Meher Alok Kumar , Tripathi Rudra Deo , Chakrabarty Debasis , Pandey Nalini
Published: May 2022

Excessive levels of heavy metals (HMs) in agricultural soil is a critical concerns for crop production and food safety and pose potential hazards to human and animal health. Anthropogenic sources including agriculture, mining, smelting, electroplating, and other industrial activities have resulted in the deposition of undesirable concentration of metals, such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) in the soil. Unlike many other pollutants, HMs are difficult to remove from the environment as they cannot be degraded by any method, and are ultimately indestructible. The use of microorganisms and plants for soil remediation of HMs are of great interest because of their high efficiency, ease of use, and cost-effective application. Microorganisms can be used to remediate contaminated soil by detoxification, sequestration, and solubilization of HMs to facilitate their extraction. These microbes may act on HMs by chelation, precipitation, transformation (oxidation-reduction, methylation), biosorption, and accumulation. However, high concentrations of HMs in soil lead to decreased number of soil microbes. These symbiotic rhizospheric microbes depend on plant root exudates for their nutrition, thus to improve the number of microbes, it is also essential to optimize microbial nutrition by optimizing plant-microbe interaction. Different approaches were adopted to address these problems, from enrichment with rhizosphere bacterial consortia resistant to HMs to genetic engineering of plant growth-promoting symbiotic microbes. These genetically engineered (GE) microbes show improved bioremediation potential by enhancing their metal metabolism efficiency as well as increasing soil fertility. In this review, we describe how GE microbes and their association with plants enhance metal tolerance, accumulation, and detoxification in microbes and plants. We also describe the potential of bioremediation using symbiosis between plants and GE microbes.
Differential Expression of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Stress-Related Genes in Rice Overexpressing MPK3 and MPK6 under Abiotic Stress
Authors: Pandey Chandana , Banerjee Gopal , Sinha Alok Krishna
Published: May 2022

Plants being sessile have ability to adapt themselves in constantly changing and challenging environment by perceiving external/internal cues and transducing them down to the nucleus for appropriate cellular reorganization. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is a common reaction of plant cells towards such cues in development-related signal transduction pathways. The downstream events after the activation of MAPKs are largely unknown in plants. In the present study, we examined the effect of arsenic, salt and drought stress on growth parameters and transcript profiling of MAPKs, silicon transporters andstress responsivegenes in transgenic rice overexpressing OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 under the control of a dexamethasone (DEX)-inducible promoter, and possible role MAPKs in stress tolerance. Our results revealed that OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 overexpressing lines under arsenic stress and drought stress enhanced the transcript level of stress responsive genes, encoding enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutamine synthetase and aldehyde oxidase. Upregulation in transcripts profiling of three silicon transporter genes OsLsi1, OsLsi2 and OsLsi6 showed improved stress tolerance ability of OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 overexpressing lines by effective absorption of silicon. The fundamental knowledge about the function of MPK3 and MPK6, important member of MAPKs family may also lead to an engineered plant tolerant to various abiotic and biotic stresses.
Mycoremediation: A Step towards Sustainability
Authors: Mishra Manisha , Srivastava Deepa
Published: May 2022

Mycoremediation is a new wave of cutting-edge technology in this era that incorporates fungi in nursing environment damaged by toxins. Instigating fungi to such contaminated places leads the way for the natural cleaning process. Waste treatment plants running on incinerators, exercising physical and chemical methods, are injurious to the health of organisms and the environment. They lead to life-threatening diseases and negative soil pollution. Eco-friendly and secure techniques are to be employed for their management. Microfungi, as well as macrofungi, help in this procedure. They degrade environmental wastes as heavy metals, aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated compounds, organic compounds by their extracellular enzymes without harming any natural component of soil. Demand and the need for reaching net-zero emission remain farsighted deed in the current scenario of rapid industrialization. Therefore, merging of the fungi with new techniques can speed up other processes of sustainable recovery of hazardous pollutants that may help in fighting against deleterious pollution levels. Their enzymes assert a great role and help in xenobiotic degradation rendering land and water clean and safe. Nevertheless, they do not have any special growth demand. White rot fungi and many mushrooms can grow on a wide range of substrates. The most common being sawdust, agricultural waste, and straw. Their biosorption efficiency helps to reclaim contaminated land. Ligninolytic enzymes uphold the mycoremediation process. In this review, we have encapsulated the mycoremediation of toxic substances by various genera and species of fungi along with the mechanisms involved. The aim is to precisely draw attention to the magnificently inherited traits of fungi that make them apt for the remediation process.
Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Global Agricultural Soils: Present and Future
Authors: Aneja Viney P. , Schlesinger William H. , Li Qi , Nahas Alberth , Battye William H.
Published: May 2022

Global nitric oxide (NO) emissions to the atmosphere are projected to increase in the coming years with the increased use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and fossil fuel combustion. Here, a statistical model (NO_STAT) is developed for characterizing atmospheric NO emissions from agricultural soil sources, and it is compared to the performance of other global and regional NO emissions (e.g., EDGAR and U.S. EPA). The statistical model was developed using a multiple linear regression between NO emission and the physicochemical variables. The model was evaluated for 2012 NO emissions. In comparison to other data sets, the model provides a lower global NO estimate by 59%, (NO_STAT: 0.67 Tg N yr-1; EDGAR: 1.62 Tg N yr-1). We also performed a region-based analysis (U.S., India; and China) using the NO_STAT model. For the U.S., the model produces an estimate that is 47% lower in comparison to EDGAR. Meanwhile, the NO_STAT model estimate for India shows NO emissions 75% lower when compared to other data sets i.e. EDGAR (which is a comprehensive emissions inventory used in global/regional air quality modeling, and therefore, we have refered to it as ‘other data sets’). A lower estimate is also seen for China, where the model estimates NO emissions 82% lower than other data sets. The difference in the global estimates is attributed to the lower estimates in major agricultural countries like China and India. The statistical model captures the spatial distribution of global NO emissions by utilizing a more simplified approach than those used previously. Moreover, the NO_STAT model provides an opportunity to predict future NO emissions in a changing world. We have made a prediction for future (2050) NO emissions from agricultural soils i.e. emissions from agricultural soils may rise to above ~2.3 TgN/yr, based on anticipated future applications of nitrogen to agricultural soils.
Root: Shoot Ratio Predicts Total Tree Carbon Stock in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gautam Vijay P. , Mishra Swati , Shiwani Om
Published: May 2022

Our study aims to determine the root: shoot (R/S) ratio in the terrestrial biome because it is an important predictor of global terrestrial carbon (C) stocks. Forests act as C sinks of the terrestrial ecosystem where the carbon pools of the terrestrial ecosystem are represented by tree biomass, (aboveground and belowground biomass), litters, woody debris and, soil organic matter. Among these C pools, the aboveground biomass harbors the major proportion of the terrestrial C pools. But industrialization, deforestation, and burning of fossil fuels have increased the carbon concentration in the atmosphere and disrupted the global carbon cycle. So, there are plenty of methods available for the estimation of terrestrial carbon, except for the root carbon. However, root: shoot ratio is a basic method for calculation of the root biomass from shoot biomass. Hence, we collected the reliable data on root: shoot ratio from published literatures using which we have developed an allometric equation (Y = -0.324+0.236X), where Y represents root biomass and X represents shoot biomass and thus the R/S value obtained was 0.236. Using this allometric equation we can harmlessly estimate the belowground biomass in no time. But this default value (0.236) varies with vegetation type, mean annual precipitation and temperature, tree size and age so using this value in the assessment of biomass and carbon would result into unreliable estimation. So, we also performed an in-situ sampling at the campus of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India to measure the aboveground and belowground biomass using the allometric equation mentioned above and also found the potential tree species with greater aboveground and belowground biomass which can be more useful in sequestration of increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.
Diversity of Pteridophytes in Nipani Taluk, Karnataka, India
Authors: Singh Doris , Koshti Omkar , Madhav Nilesh , Magdum Aditya , Amate Sushant , Shirgave Pandit
Published: May 2022

Considering diverse ecological and topographical conditions, Nipani Taluk is close to the Eastern ranges of Western Ghats. Adi Hill and Stavanidhi Ranges are the extended branches of the Western Ghats. An attempt was undertaken to enumerate the ferns from Nipani Taluk to fill the gap of a valid document of the ferns from the study area. During the study, 14 species from 9 different genera of 6 different families were recorded. The distribution of some species is found to be unique from Adi Hill and Stavanidhi Ranges. The study revealed that the number of species from family Pteridaceae was the highest, common to both the ranges followed by family Ophioglossaceae, Marsileaceae, Lomariopsidaceae, Salviniaceae and Polypodiaceae. Adiantum philippense L. was dominantly found in both the studied areas, while Adiantum incisum Forssk. and Actiniopteris radiata (Sw.) Link are less dominant. Whereas Microsorum membranaceum (D. Don) Ching is least populated and found very rarely at both the study area.
Morphological Characterization and Genetic Studies of Pigeonpea germplasm Accessions with Incidence of Insect Larvae Population Collected from Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Pandey Vipin K. , Singh M. K. , Meshram Prakriti , Gupta Vishal K. , Singh Namita , Banjare Ashish K.
Published: May 2022

The present study was conducted at the College of Agriculture Raipur, IGKVV, and Chhattisgarh. The experimental materials used 103 local landraces of pigeonpea, including three popular standard checks during Kharif 2019-20 in an augmented RBD Design for 15 qualitative and 20 qualitative characters observations recorded and analysis of variance for showed differences for different characters. High magnitude of the coefficient of variation GCV % and PC V% (more than 20 %) in some genotypes was observed for Duration of flowering (20.96, 21.41), Harvest Index (22.21, 22.82), Maruca vitrata larvae population (22.58, 22.77), No of Secondary branches (23.17, 23.33) while shelling percentages are low 8.64 and 9.11, respectively, rest all traits are in a medium value. Result of major pigeonpea insect's incidence 103 genotypes tested against different insect pests, 10 genotypes recorded most promising entries against key pest and 10 genotypes were recorded most susceptible entries against insect pest. A high coefficient of variation in the entire genotypes was observed for some traits.
COVID-19 Infection Inhibition by Nimbu (Citrus limon Linn.) Infusion, Decoction and Tincture
Authors: Tomar Amit
Published: May 2022

The Indian System of medicines has played a vital role in our country in providing medical care to the society since antiquity. India is a country with a strong attachment for the traditional or folk medicine. The main aim of the present study was to collect the scattered information on treating corona virus infection by Nimbu (Citrus limon (L.) Rutaceae family) infusion, decoction, and tincture with its phytoconstituents. The latest collected information was based on the detailed interviews with Vaidyas, Hakims and elderly village people, who have the knowledge of medicinal use of plants based on experiences of using them in treating their own common ailments.
Determination of Imidacloprid Residue in Okra using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Photodiode Array Detector
Authors: Hariharan D , Razak T Abdul , Allwin L , Leninraja D , Paramasivam M
Published: May 2022

A rapid, sensitive and selective analytical method was validated to determine imidacloprid residue in okra using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector (UHPLC-PDA). The analytical method showed good linearity, and the limit of quantification was 0.025 mg/kg. Recoveries were ranged from 92.40 to 109.68%, with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.87 to 4.84%. Field results showed that the mean initial deposit of imidacloprid on okra fruits were found to be 0.29 and 0.43 µg.g-1, recommended and doubled the dose, respectively. The residues reached below the detection limit (BDL) of less than 0.025 µg.g-1 on 7 and 10 days after treatment with the recommended and doubled the recommended dose, respectively. The half-life of imidacloprid in okra was 1.58 and 2.02 days, at recommended and double the recommended dose, respectively and a harvest withholding period of one day has been suggested for safe consumption.
Sosyolojinin Mukaddimesi, Mukaddime’de Sosyoloji, Ensar Çetin, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara; 2020, 118 Sayfa, ISBN 9786254069413
Authors: UĞURLU Mevlüt
Published: May 2022

İbn-i Haldun’un Mukaddime adlı eseri günümüzde klasik eserlerden biri olarak görülmektedir. Bunun sebebi, bu eserin başta sosyoloji olmak üzere sosyal bilimlerin birçok alanında çeşitli kavram ve kuramlar geliştirmiş olmasıdır. Mukaddime’nin sosyal bilimlere katkısı üzerine birçok çalışma yapılmaktadır. Bunlardan bir tanesi, “Sosyolojinin Mukaddimesi, Mukaddime’de Sosyoloji adlı” eserdir. Bu çalışmada bu eserin değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır.
Plan de negocio para la creación del servicio de asesoría de imagen para mujeres profesionales de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Aguirre Agurto Antoinette , Miranda Córdova Gabriela
Published: May 2022

El presente plan de negocio tiene por objetivo brindar un servicio de asesoría de imagen integral que ayude a potenciar la imagen de la mujer profesional y ejecutiva peruana, debido a que actualmente la mujer tiene mayor empoderamiento en todos los aspectos de su vida y en el Perú se está incrementando su presencia en cargos altos. Por lo tanto, nos dirigimos a este segmento de mujeres de nivel socioeconómico B/C+ de 35 a 50 años con nivel de educación superior de los distritos en las zonas 6 y 7 de Lima Metropolitana. En relación al análisis realizado del macroentorno y microentorno, se investigó que debido a la coyuntura actual hay oportunidades que brinda el Estado mejorando la política fiscal y monetaria en beneficio de las Mypes. Se propone el análisis estratégico, plan de marketing y plan de operaciones alineados con la misión y visión para establecer objetivos y estrategias que permitan alcanzar las metas. A través del análisis financiero se evidenció que la implementación del plan de negocio propuesto en un horizonte a 5 años, se proyecta a generar utilidades a partir del tercer año, con un VAN positivo de S/97,502.69 soles y una TIR del 30%. Todos los resultados fueron realizados sobre una inversión inicial de S/92,810.88, considerando que dicha inversión será financiada íntegramente por las socias. Por ello, se concluye que es un negocio rentable y sostenible, con proyección de crecimiento a mediano y largo plazo debido a que el empoderamiento de la mujer va en crecimiento, lo que le permite participar en términos de igualdad, en el acceso a los recursos, en el reconocimiento, en la toma de decisiones en su vida personal, laboral y social.
Museo Interactivo de Ciencia y Tecnología para niños en Los Olivos
Authors:   , Aguilar Jurárez Katherine Myriam
Published: May 2022

El proyecto de tesis surge de la necesidad que existe de mejorar la plataforma educativa del país, acercando a los más pequeños como los niños de educación primaria, a las ciencias y tecnologías desde un enfoque mucho más lúdico y dinámico, de modo que se refuercen los conocimientos que se impartan en clases a la vez que se experimentan las ciencias como lo haría un niño: desde el juego y la interacción. Una idea que inicialmente planteó el CONCYTEC, y que funcionó por un tiempo hasta que se clausuraron las exhibiciones y el proyecto no volvió a reactivarse pese a los estudios y esfuerzos puestos en él. Es de esta forma en la que se plantea la idea de realizar un museo de exhibiciones interactivas de Ciencia y Tecnología para niños, proyecto ubicado en el distrito de Los Olivos, sobre la Av. Angélica Gamarra cerca al cruce con la Panamericana Norte, en un terreno de la municipalidad altamente visible. El partido arquitectónico nace de un estudio de flujos peatonales por el terreno y la metáfora de plasmar el universo en un edificio que refleje en forma y recorridos lo que expone en su interior, concepto que rige desde la forma hasta al emplazamiento del museo en el terreno y como se presenta aérea y peatonalmente a la ciudad, provisto que la curiosa forma del proyecto permite que se integre edificio y paisajismo en un solo gran lenguaje de curvas que permiten al usuario recorrer fluidamente exhibiciones y edificio.
Humanitarian Evidence and Discourse Summary No.26
Authors: Kelly Leah
Published: May 2022

This is the 26th monthly Humanitarian Evidence Summary (HUMES) to signpost FCDO and other UK government departments to the latest relevant evidence and discourse on humanitarian action to inform and support their response. It is the result of 1 day of work per month and is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on humanitarian action but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers that, if relevant to them, they could refer to before making decisions.
La pandémie de Covid-19, l’économie agricole internationale et les filières animales : le cas de la Chine, des États-Unis et de l’UE
Authors: CHATELLIER Vincent , CHAUMET Jean-Marc , POUCH Thierry
Published: May 2022

La pandémie de Covid-19 est un évènement mondial majeur. Une réflexion sur les premières implications de cette crise sanitaire pour l’économie agricole mondiale et les filières animales est proposée dans le cadre de cet article. Les secteurs agricole et agroalimentaire ont été fortement concernés par cette crise dont les impacts économiques globaux (baisse de 3,5 % du produit intérieur brut mondial et de 5,3 % des échanges internationaux de marchandises entre 2019 et 2020) affectent le pouvoir d’achat des consommateurs finaux. Ils ont cependant bien résisté à la crise, tant au niveau de l’offre (stabilité ou légère croissance des volumes produits de viandes et de lait à l’échelle mondiale) que du commerce. En 2021, la forte hausse des prix internationaux des produits agricoles et la reprise rapide de la croissance économique, notamment dans les trois zones plus spécifiquement étudiées ici (Chine, États-Unis et Union européenne), suggèrent que l’agriculture devrait rester sous la pression d’une demande mondiale soutenue. Plus que la Covid-19, l’impact de la peste porcine africaine en Chine a eu, depuis plusieurs années, des répercussions majeures sur les courants d’échanges internationaux de viandes. De plus, l’appétit croissant des chinois pour les produits laitiers joue un rôle central dans le développement des marchés laitiers internationaux, au bénéfice des zones exportatrices dont l’Union européenne et les États-Unis.
LIFECYCLE CARBON FOOTPRINT: THE CASE STUDY OF THE ELECTRICITY USE IN PUEBLA, MEXICO
Authors: Vázquez Irais , Madrid Cristina , Chávez Abel , Villalba Gara
Published: May 2022

Greenhouse gas emissions inventories and carbon footprints assessed at the local level are critical for any country, mainly for those countries which are part of the Paris Agreement such as Mexico, where federal and local governments join forces to design climate-change mitigation policies. However, determining carbon footprints is time and resource-intensive and not always possible for local governments. To meet this need, we propose an alternative method using lifecycle input-output analysis and location quotients to quantify direct and total emissions of the Mexican state of Puebla caused by its use of electricity during 2013. We quantify the emissions from the production and consumption-based perspective, finding that Puebla’s economy emitted a total of 15 million metric tons of CO2e caused by industrial sectors’ electricity use, which represented 3 % of the total national emissions caused by Mexico’s industrial electricity use. The most significant contributors to Puebla’s total greenhouse gas emissions were the “food and beverage preparation services” and the “business support services” sectors accounting for 38 % and 9 % of Puebla’s total emissions and 50 % and 23 % of direct emissions, respectively. We conclude that, in addition to the decarbonization of the energy matrix, potential climate change mitigation policies should reduce the intensity factors of the sectors with the highest emissions identified with the proposed method.
Genome-Wide Analysis of Synonymous Codon Usage Bias in Cycas panzhihuaensis
Authors: Jian Luo Yong , Wang Ru , Qing Li , Song Song Quan , Liu Jun , Deng Zhi Jun
Published: May 2022

Codon use bias is an important characteristic in the process of genetic information transmission of species. With the publication of the genome of C. panzhihuaensis, it is of great significance to investigate the codon use bias for understanding the genetic evolution of this species and for molecular breeding. In this study, Perl language and CodonW 1.4.2 software was used to systematically analyze the coding gene sequences of the C. panzhihuaensis genome, obtain the characteristics of codon use, and identify the sources of variation affecting codon use. The results showed that GC3s content, GCall content, and ENC value were 46.75%, 47.67%, and 52.8 respectively. As the first seed plant, the GC3 content of Cycas is similar to that of most gymnosperms and most dicotyledons, but considerably different from that of monocotyledons.RSCU value was greater than 1, among which 21 codons ended in U or A. Enc-plot analysis, PR2-plot neutral plot analysis, and correlation coefficient analysis of Axis1 with GC3s and CAI revealed that the codon bias was mainly affected by natural selection, but also by mutation pressure and other factors. Thirty-one optimal codons of Cycas genes were screened. This research can provide a reference for the phylogeny and genome codon evolution of Cycas.
The Big Picture
Authors: Alderman Beth
Published: May 2022

Clinicians are key in reclaiming the medical arts ceded to clinically irrelevant technology and thereby aligning patient with fast-changing biological realities. Narrowing the chasm between virtual and real perceptions of health hazards requires: 1) becoming acutely aware of the habitat loss aggravating the pervasive dissemination of chemicals via conventional food, air, and consumer products and the proliferation of non-ionizing radiation; and 2) making strategic use of slow, system 2 thinking so as to respond wisely to the rampant epidemics of chronic low-dose toxicity disregarded or misdiagnosed for half a century. To respond adaptively, take a moment during each patient encounter to add chronic ambient poisoning to the differential diagnosis and investigate subtle symptoms and signs of irritation in vulnerable organ systems. Enacting adaptive response across our profession could ease the suffering of millions, help avert the sixth extinction, and contribute to continuation of evolved life as we know it.
Application of Double Exponential Smoothing Holt and Triple Exponential Smoothing Holt-Winter with Golden Section Optimization to Forecast Export Value of East Borneo Province
Authors: Andriani Novita , Wahyuningsih Sri , Siringoringo Meiliyani
Published: May 2022

Exponential smoothing is one of the short term forecasting methods. The selection of the forecasting method can be done by considering the type of data pattern, such as the Double Exponential Smoothing (DES) Holt method which can be used on trend patterned data and the Triple Exponential Smoothing (TES) Holt-Winter method which can be used on trend and seasonal patterned data. The main problem in using the Holt DES and Holt-Winter TES methods is the parameter selection which is usually done by trial and error, but this method takes a long time so that in this research a more efficient method is used to obtain optimal parameters, namely the golden section method. The purpose of this research was to forecast and obtain the best method for forecasting the export value of East Borneo Province. The results showed that the forecasted of export values used the Holt DES, the additive Holt-Winter TES, and the multiplicative Holt-Winter TES with golden section optimization method had a MAPE of less than 10%, which means that the forecast used these methods were very good. The best method to predict the export value of East Borneo Province was the additive Holt-Winter TES with golden section optimization method.
Survival Analysis of Covid-19 Patients Based on Time of Recovery
Authors: Widyasari Rina , Imam Muhammad Chairul , Rachmawati Ramya , Sari Rina Filia
Published: May 2022

Corona virus is a virus that can cause the respiratory tract to become infected, and this viral infection is called COVID-19. This virus spreads so fast that it has spread to several countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, COVID-19 was detected in early March, precisely on March 2, 2020. The uncertain increase in the number of COVID-19 patients will have an impact on society and the country. This condition is compounded by the high number of deaths due to the COVID-19 virus. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze survival based on the healing rate of COVID-19 patients, in order to obtain information about the time period and the factors that cause a person with COVID-19 to survive. The method used in the survival analysis is the Kaplan-Meier test as a counter to the estimated recovery time of COVID-19 patients and the Log-Rank test to test for differences in the survival function of the recovery time of COVID-19 patients in the two groups. Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank tests are part of the non-parametric method which is a statistical test that does not require any assumptions about the distribution of population data. The data used is data on COVID-19 patients at the Malahayati Hospital from January to May 31, 2021. The conclusion obtained is the survival function curve / length of time on the recovery rate of COVID-19 patients based on gender, age, and positive and suspected COVID-19 patients. with and without comorbidities. However, based on the Log-Rank test with = 0.05, it was concluded that there was no significant difference in the length of time for recovery of COVID-19 patients based on gender, age and positive patients and patients with suspected COVID-19 with comorbid and without comorbidities.
Dynamics Analysis of Predator-Prey Model with Double Allee Effects and Holling Type II Functional Response
Authors: Syarif Ismi Ra'yan , Toaha Syamsuddin , Kusuma Jeffry
Published: May 2022

In this article, a predator prey model with double Allee effects and Holling type II functional response is discussed. Strong and weak Allee effects were analyzed separately. The dynamic behavior of the model is analyzed by determining the equilibrium point and stability around the equilibrium point. From the analysis result, it is obtained that the trivial equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable for the case of the strong Allee effect and the saddle unstable for the case of the weak Allee effect, while the boundary and coexistence equilibrium points are locally asymptotically stable if it satisfies several parameter conditions. Numerical simulations are carried out around the coexistence equilibrium point. The simulation results show that the Allee effect threshold affects prey population growth when experiencing a strong Allee effect. The growth of the prey population also depends on the initial conditions of the prey and predator population density. Furthermore, when the prey population experiences a weak Allee effect, there is no threshold must be exceeded for the population to survive so that for each initial condition however, the population will not experience extinction.