bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and immuno-infiltration analysis of cuproptosis regulators in human atherosclerosis
Authors: Ming Shaopeng , Wen Haiming , Zeng Chunrong , Li Zhaoyu , Wang Chaona , Yan Shu , Liu Hongtao
Published: June 2023

Introduction
The development of atherosclerosis (AS) may be aided by cuproptosis. As a result, we examined the cuproptosis regulators in human AS, gauged the degree of immune cell infiltration, and developed a prediction model.
Methods
We obtained the GSE100927 gene expression dataset associated with AS from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and used it to identify cuproptosis-related differentially expressed genes (CuDEGs). This was accomplished by comparing AS samples and control samples. We also examined the relationship between CuDEGs and immune cell infiltration status, and investigated the molecular groupings of both CuDEGs and immune cell infiltration status. To pinpoint cluster-specific differentially expressed genes, we employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Furthermore, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was carried out to annotate the enriched genes. From four different machine-learning models, we selected the model with the best performance. Lastly, we validated the accuracy of our predictions using nomograms and ROC curves.
Results
Our study confirmed the presence of CuDEGs and activated immune responses among AS and control samples. We identified 12 CuDEGs through the dataset, and we also discovered two clusters in AS. Analysis of immune cell infiltration showed that there is heterogeneity in immunity between these two clusters. Cuproptosis-related molecular Cluster 2 was marked by enhanced expressions of NLRP3, SLC31A1, FDX1, LIPT2 and CDKN2A. And Cluster 1 exhibited a higher proportion of T cells CD4 memory resting、Monocytes、Macrophages M1 and Mast cells resting. And enriched KEGG pathways revealed the pathway of leukocyte transendothelial migration was up-regulated in Cluster 1. We subsequently developed a support vector machine (SVM) model based on five genes, which demonstrated good performance in predicting AS in the external validation dataset (AUC = 0.895). Our results indicate that this combined nomogram is highly accurate in predicting AS.
Conclusion
Our study sheds light on the relationship between AS and cuproptosis, as well as the association between CRGs and immune-infiltrated cells in AS. Additionally, we have established a good predictive model.
The impacts of a combination of Al2O3 nanoparticles with glass powder and fly ash in concrete
Authors: chingkheinganba telem , Lallotra Balwinder
Published: June 2023

One of the things that emits carbon dioxide besides deforestation and the use of petroleum derivatives is the business of making cement. It's an intriguing potential to use glass in concrete to save waste disposal costs. Glass is a non-toxic substance that may be used and recycled repeatedly without making any chemical composition changes. When the glass particles are smaller than 75 m, it has a high silica content, which makes it potentially pozzolanic. The chemical reaction taking place in the concrete's pore solution between the silica-rich glass particles and the alkali, known as the Alkali-Silicate reaction, is a major worry when using glass in concrete. If proper measures aren't taken to lessen its effects, concrete's stability may be severely damaged by the reaction. Fly ash is used in glass concrete to improve workability and durability, as well as to lessen the alkali silica reaction and create a more environmentally friendly concrete mix. Comparing the compressive strength of the concrete with or without nano-Al2O3 particles, the concrete with nano-Al2O3 particles had a significantly higher compressive strength. Therefore, continuous research is conducted to improve the characteristics of concrete. The current paper inspects the effect of a mix of Al2O3 nanoparticles along with fly ash and glass powder on mechanical properties( compressive, flexural, split tensile) strength, microscopic study by using SEM and non destructive test using UPV. As a partial substitution of Ordinary Portland cement, nano alumina is used at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. Glass powder substituted sand at a fixed proportion of 15% and fly ash substituted cement at a fixed proportion of 15%. Using a scanning electron microscope, the microstructure and surface morphology of modified cement concretes were evaluated (SEM). The results concluded that at 1.5% substitution of nano Al2O3, it gets ultimate strength.
Research on the causal mechanism of a rock-burst accident in a longwall roadway and its prevention measures
Authors: Chen Ying , Zhang Zikai , Cao Chen , Bao Shiji , Wang Shuai , Xu Guangyuan
Published: June 2023

Based on the characteristics of the disaster and the geo-conditions at the scene, this study analyzed the occurrence mechanism of a serious rock-burst accident occurred in Tangshan Coal Mine, China. Ground stress measurement shows that the mine is in high ground stress area dominated by horizontal tectonic stress. Laboratory testing showed that the coal was a hard seam over-bedded by a thick and hard roof stratum. The calculation results showed that the accident occurred in the roof rebounding area. It is proposed that the hard roof and the hard coal seam formed a seesaw structure around the working face. The vertical pressure relief caused the rib coal mass losing its clamping forces from the roof and floor, rushing into the roadway, resulting in rock-burst accident. Based on the causality mechanism of the rock-burst disaster developed in this study, pertinent coal bump prevention measures have been undertaken in practice. Large-diameter boreholes were drilled to eliminate the pivot effect of the seam. Roof blasting was undertaken preventing the roof from forming a seesaw plank. This study developed a new causality mechanism of rock burst for coal mines with hard roof and hard seam geo-conditions.
Analysis of a macrophage carbamylated proteome reveals a function in post-translational modification crosstalk
Authors: You Youngki , Tsai Chia-Feng , Patel Rishi , Sarkar Soumyadeep , Clair Geremy , Zhou Mowei , Liu Tao , Metz Thomas O. , Das Chittaranjan , Nakayasu Ernesto S.
Published: June 2023

Background.
Lysine carbamylation is a biomarker of rheumatoid arthritis and kidney diseases. However, its cellular function is understudied due to the lack of tools for systematic analysis of this post-translational modification (PTM).
Methods.
We adapted a method to analyze carbamylated peptides by co-affinity purification with acetylated peptides based on the cross-reactivity of anti-acetyllysine antibodies. We integrated this method into a mass spectrometry-based multi-PTM pipeline to simultaneously analyze carbamylated and acetylated peptides in addition to phosphopeptides were enriched by sequential immobilized-metal affinity chromatography.
Results.
By testing the pipeline with RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, 7,299, 8,923 and 47,637 acetylated, carbamylated, and phosphorylated peptides were identified, respectively. Our analysis showed that carbamylation occurs on proteins from a variety of functions on sites with similar as well as distinct motifs compared to acetylation. To investigate possible PTM crosstalk, we integrated the carbamylation data with acetylation and phosphorylation data, leading to the identification 1,183 proteins that were modified by all 3 PTMs. Among these proteins, 54 had all 3 PTMs regulated by lipopolysaccharide and were enriched in immune signaling pathways, and in particular, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. We found that carbamylation of linear diubiquitin blocks the activity of the anti-inflammatory deubiquitinase OTULIN.
Conclusions
Overall, our data show that anti-acetyllysine antibodies can be used for effective enrichment of carbamylated peptides. Moreover, carbamylation may play a role in PTM crosstalk with acetylation and phosphorylation, and that it is involved in regulating ubiquitination in vitro.
Oral Ulcers as A Manifestation Of COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study in Egypt
Authors: Mohamed Sally Ibrahim , Shabaan Alshaimaa Ahmed , Mahrous Aliaa Ibrahim , Ahmed Basma Abdelrahman , Aboulmagd Inass Abdelrahaman , Radwan Mohamed Mostafa , Hafed Layla , Baz Safaa , Blunt Tadhg , Elkoumi Ahmed , Amer Hatem
Published: June 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of oral ulcers in COVID-19 patients within the Egyptian population, while considering potential risk factors, assessing pain intensity, and exploring the implications for early detection and treatment.
Materials and Methods
A questionnaire was developed consisting of 16 questions that included both open-ended and close-ended formats. The survey gathered information on the patient’s demographic characteristics, medical background, oral hygiene practices, associated symptoms, and treatments received.
Results
Of 363 participants with COVID-19, oral ulcers were found in 34.1% of cases, predominantly affecting the tongue (25.8%), gums (11.3%), and inner oral mucous membrane (9.7%). Ulcer development was significantly associated with corticosteroid therapy, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, nasal congestion, and diarrhea (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant associations with age, gender, brushing habits, or co-morbidities. Pain intensity increased, as assessed on the pain scale, by 2.08 with abdominal pain and by 0.06 with age, while it decreased with good brushing habits by 2.1 and with patients in the ICU by 4.4.
Conclusions
The survey findings revealed that tongue ulcers were the most commonly observed oral manifestation among COVID-19-infected individuals in Egypt. The occurrence of ulcers was associated with factors such as corticosteroid therapy, abdominal pain, nasal congestion, and diarrhea. The severity of pain experienced was influenced by abdominal pain and age.
Clinical Relevance
Recognizing the clinical importance of oral ulcers in COVID-19 aids in the identification of the tangible discomfort experienced by patients and the potential implications associated with these ulcers as an indicative sign of COVID-19 infection.
Hydrostatic support and ultrasound-assisted SPIF error and process parameter optimization study
Authors: Jing Zhangshuai , Zheng Jianming , Yang Mingshun , Li Yan , Peng Chao , Zhao Xingbai
Published: June 2023

To solve the problems of overhanging back of the part and difficult forming and to improve the accuracy of single-point incrementally formed parts, considering many error influencing factors, this paper introduces hydrostatic support and ultrasonic vibration-assisted technology into single-point incremental forming and investigates the influence of process parameters on the geometric shape error of formed parts under the conditions of hydrostatic support and ultrasonic vibration, taking the conical table part as the object. A four-factor, three-level process experiment with static pressure, amplitude, frequency, and tool head diameter as variables was designed using Box-Behnken Design, modeled by the least squares method in the response surface method, and optimized by the satisfaction function. The results show that the static pressure support and ultrasonic vibration can effectively reduce the error of the part, and the error is minimized when the static pressure value is 0.058 MPa, the amplitude is 0.019 mm, the vibration frequency is 25 KHz, and the tool head diameter is 15.7 mm. The method and conclusions presented in this paper can provide a reference for the study of single-point increments of hydrostatic support-ultrasonic vibration.
Analysis of factors influencing the intravertebral shell phenomenon after posterior reduction internal fixation of thoracolumbar fracture: A case-control study
Authors: Fang Yao , Chen Wugui , Zhang Sining , Ye Yuchao , Chen Kongning , Ling Guangfeng , Wang Qing , Liu Chengzhao
Published: June 2023

Background: To investigate the factors influencing the intravertebral shell phenomenon (ISP) after posterior repositioning internal fixation of thoracolumbar fractures and the related factors of evolutionary outcomes and to make recommendations for the prevention and treatment of this phenomenon.
Methods: We retrospectively analysed 331 patients with single-segment fractures of the thoracolumbar vertebrae treated with posterior repositioning internal fixation using the posterior pedicle nail system from January 2016 to December 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to analyse the factors influencing the ISP.
Results: A total of 260 patients (78.5%) were found to have the postoperative ISP. Reduced bone density, preoperative vertebral over-compression, and intraoperative vertebral over-sparing were significantly correlated with the occurrence of postoperative ISP(P<0.05). A total of 166 of the 260 patients were reviewed by CT 1 year after surgery, revealing reduction or healing of the vertebral cavity in 104 patients (62.6%) and enlargement of the vertebral cavity or collapse of the endplate in 62 patients (37.4%). The degree of intraoperative vertebral body repositioning was strongly correlated with the outcome of the intravertebral shellphenomenon (P<0.05). A total of 123 patients (74%) had their internal fixation devices removed 1 year after surgery, which was significantly correlated withthe degree of intraoperative vertebral body repositioning and the outcome of the ISP 1 year after surgery (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The ISP occurs commonly after internal fixation of thoracolumbar fractures and is associated with reduced bone density and excessive preoperative compression intraoperative sparing of the vertebrae. At 1 year postoperatively, 37.4% of patients still had enlarged vertebral cavities or endplate collapse, which affected patient access to internal fixation; the impact on patient function needs further study.
Analysis of drought and heat stress response genes in rice using co-expression network and differentially expressed gene analyses
Authors: Cao Gaohui , Huang Hao , Yang Yuejiao , Xie Bin , Tang Lulu
Published: June 2023

Studies on Oryza sativa (rice) are crucial for improving agricultural productivity and ensuring global sustenance security, especially considering the increasing drought and heat stress caused by extreme climate change. Currently, the genes and mechanisms underlying drought and heat resistance in rice are not fully understood, and the scope for enhancing the development of new strains remains considerable. To accurately identify the key genes related to drought and heat stress responses in rice, multiple datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were integrated in this study. A co-expression network was constructed using a Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) algorithm. We further distinguished the core network and intersected it with differentially expressed genes and multiple expression datasets for screening. Differences in gene expression levels were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). OsDjC53, MBF1C, BAG6, HSP23.2, and HSP21.9 were found to be associated with the heat stress response, and it is also possible that UGT83A1 and OsCPn60a1, although not directly related, are affected by drought stress. This study offers significant insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying stress responses in rice, which could promote the development of stress-tolerant rice breeds.
The Evolution of Atomistic Structure and Mechanical Property of Coke in the Gasification Process with CO2 and H2O at Different Temperatures: a ReaxFF molecular dynamics study
Authors: Xiong Zixin , Bu Yushan , Liang Zeng , Li Kejiang , Zhang Hang , Liao Haotian , Zhou Feng , Zhang Jianliang
Published: June 2023

Molecular dynamics simulations with reactive force-field (ReaxFF-MD) were performed to construct the molecular model of coke. The coke was placed in a mixed atmosphere of H2O/CO2 with different concentration ratios to investigate the dissolution loss reaction. It was found that different atmospheric concentrations had different effects on the coke model structure and reaction sites. The CO2 molecular tended to dissolve on the surface of coke and destroyed its surface structure, while the H2O molecular was more likely to enter the coke to destroy its structure, which was consistent with the experimental results. At the same time, the tensile simulation of the coke model after the reaction was carried out to observe the changes in the mechanical properties of the structure after the reaction. It was found that CO2 and H2O have varying degrees of influence on the mechanical properties of the coke model. Controlling the composition content of the reaction gas can effectively adjust the tensile resistance of the coke model. It was also found that different temperatures have an impact on the mechanical properties of the coke model, and the tensile resistance of the coke was poor at high temperatures. By revealing the behavior of coke model at the micro scale, it provides a theoretical basis for the industrial coke application process.
Analogue of Ramanujan's function k(τ) for the continued fraction of order six
Authors: Guadalupe Russelle , Aricheta Victor Manuel
Published: June 2023

We study the modularity of the function w(τ ) = X(τ )X(3τ ), where X(τ ) is the continued fraction of order six introduced by Vasuki, Bhaskar and Sharath (2010). The function w(τ ) is an analogue of Ramanujan’s function k(τ ) = r(τ )r(2τ )2 , where r(τ ) is the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction. We prove that w(τ ) is an η-quotient that generates the field of all modular functions on the congruence subgroup Γ0(18), and express X(τ ) and X(3τ ) in terms of w(τ ). We also show that there is a modular equation for w(τ ) of any level, and provide explicitly the modular equations of level p for primes p ≤ 13. We finally show that w( τ/3 ) generates the ray class field K(3) over an imaginary quadratic field K modulo 3 for some suitable τ ∈ K.
Fabrication of lidocaine-loaded polymer dissolving microneedles for rapid and prolonged local anesthesia
Authors: Mao Yanan , Zhang Xiufeng , Sun Yanfang , Shen Zhong , Zhong Chao , Nie Lei , Shavandi Amin , Yunusov Khaydar E. , Jiang Guohua
Published: June 2023

There is an urgent need for research on effective interventions for pain management to improve their life quality. Traditional needle and syringe injection were used to administer the local anesthesia. However, it causes various discomforts, ranging from brief stings to trypanophobia and denial of medical operations. In this study, a dissolving microneedles (MNs) system made of composite matrix materials of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and sodium hyaluronate (HA) was successfully developed for the loading of lidocaine hydrochloride (LidH). The morphology, size and mechanical properties of the MNs were also investigated. After the insertion of MNs into the skin, the matrix at the tip of the MNs was rapidly dissolved, releasing the loaded LidH to diffuse into deeper skin tissue through microchannels formed by MNs insertion. The back patching of MNs could be acted as a drug reservoir to form a prolonged local anesthesia effect due to the swelling and dissolving of MNs by absorption of interstitial fluid. The results showed that LidH MNs provided a superior analgesia up to 8 h, exhibiting a rapid and long-lasting analgesic effects. Additionally, tissue sectioning and in vitro cytotoxicity tests indicated that the MNs patch we developed had a favorable biosafety profile.
Understanding Stim-1 Regulatory Networks in Nasopharyngeal Cancer Using Functional, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and in-silico Approaches
Authors: Mydin Rabiatul Basria SMN , Azlan Adam , Gooderham Nigel J. , Mohamed Nur Mazidah Haji Noor , Okekpa Simon I. , Moses Emmanuel Jairaj , Amran Syazwani Itri , Musa Muhammad Yusri
Published: June 2023

Objective
Stromal-interaction molecule 1 (STIM-1) aberrant expression contributes significantly to cancer pathogenesis. The present work studied STIM-1 regulatory networks in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) models via functional, transcriptome, translational, and in-silico approaches.
Methods
STIM-1 knockdown models were established in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) related NPC cells (C666-1) and non-EBV related NPC cells (HK-1) respectively using DsiRNA technology. At the functional level, STIM-1 knockdown showed that it could regulate NPC oncogenic state possibly via calcium and ROS activities, especially in EBV-related NPC models. STIM-1 knockdown could inhibit EBV-related-NPC cells efficiently as compared to non-EBV-NPC cells. Regulation at transcriptomic and translation was observed in four critical regulatory networks involving PI3K/Akt, cell cycle, calcium signaling, and apoptosis.
Results
The PI3K/AKt pathway was found to be affected by the STIM-1 network in NPC through the association of miR-375, miR-185-5p, miR 200a-3p, let-7b-5p, and miR-34a-5p. In silico work support these findings, where miR-200a-3p and miR-375 docking scores showed a high probability of binding with STIM-1 and Epstein–Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) networks.
Conclusion
This study also found that NPC stemness was affected by STIM-1 suppression. Further analysis suggested STIM-1 regulatory networks have a positive correlation with the EBV status in NPC pathogenesis. Further work on NPC clinical samples is needed to support this work, especially in understanding the therapeutic potential of STIM-1 in NPC.
The relevance of the non-invasive biomarkers lncRNA GAS5/miR- 21 ceRNA regulatory network in the early identification of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Sun He , Chen Tong , Li Xin , Zhu Youyong , Zhang Shuang , He Ping , Peng Yali , Fan Qiuling
Published: June 2023

Background
To investigate the diagnostic value of serum lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (lncRNA GAS5) and microRNA-21 (miR-21) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), and elucidate their roles in the pathogenesis.
Methods
A microarray technology was used asses lncRNA GAS5 and miR-21 expression profiles in non-anticoagulant blood from 44 patients including T2DM without DN group (DM), T2DM with DN group (DN), and healthy controls group (N), followed by real-time PCR validation. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to evaluate the clinical indicators among normal, T2DM, and DN patients.
Results
The serum lncRNA GAS5 expression in T2DM and DN patients was significantly down-regulated compared with the N group, while the expression of miR-21 was significantly up-regulated (all P < 0.05). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were negatively correlated with serum lncRNA GAS5, and FBG was independently correlated with serum lncRNA GAS5. Urinary microalbumin, total cholesterol (TC), creatinine (Cr), urea, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were significantly positively correlated with serum miR-21. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria (ALB) were negatively correlated with serum miR-21, and ALB was independently correlated with serum miR-21. Serum lncRNA GAS5, miR-21 and lncRNA GAS5/miR-21 showed good diagnostic efficiency as the "diagnostic signature" of T2DM and DN.
Conclusion
The lncRNA GAS5/miR-21 diagnostic signature may be a more effective non-invasive biomarker for detecting T2DM. In addition, miR-21 alone may be a more accurate serum biomarker for the early screening of DN patients.
MSCs-derived exosomes containing miR-486-5p attenuates cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury through inhibiting PTEN
Authors: Zhu Genbao , Jiang La , Tan Kemeng , Li Yafen , Hu Mengxue , Zhang Shengnan , Liu Zhenlin , Li Lili
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Our study,s aim is to investigate the impact of MSCs-exosomes on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, and the underlying mechanism.
Methods
Animal model with cerebral ischemia was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and cell model of Neuro-2a cells was constructed by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Exosomes (Exo) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of mice were used to inject into mice or stimulate Neuro‐2a cells. Exosomes from MSCs transfected with miR-NC, miR-486-5p mimics, miR-486-5p inhibitor, or sh-PTEN were used to stimulate Neuro‐2a cells. The regulatory axis of miR-486-5p and PTEN was confirmed by rescue experiments.
Results
Exo-miR-486-5p mimics improved cerebral I/R injury caused neurological deficits and infarct ration, and also attenuated cell apoptosis in vivo. Exo-miR-486-5p mimics notably attenuated OGD/R induced defect on cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of Neuro-2a cells in vitro. Exo-miR-486-5p mimics reduced level of LDH and MDA, while enhanced SOD activity both in brain tissues homogenate of mice and cell supernatant. Mechanically, PTEN was a target of miR-486-5p, and downregulation of PTEN obviously elevated Exo-miR-486-inhibitor caused reduction on cell viability, and reduced it induced elevation on cell apoptosis.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated exosomes derived from MSCs might protect against cerebral I/R injury, through miR-486-5p and PTEN axis.
Nuclear genome-encoded mitochondrial OXPHOS complex I genes in Buffalo show tissue-specific differences
Authors: E.M Sadeesh , Lahamge Madhuri S , M Anuj , A.N Ampadi
Published: June 2023

Background
Buffaloes' energy status is a vital attribute influencing their phenotypic traits and overall health. Mitochondria, primarily through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), contribute significantly to energy generation; both nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) genomes are involved in OXPHOS process. Previous studies from our laboratory have reported tissue heterogeneity in buffaloes, particularly in mitochondrial functional attributes, is influenced by the mtDNA. Furthermore, there is evidence of higher OXPHOS complex I activity and expression of OXPHOS complex I genes encoded by the mtDNA in various buffalo tissues. Complex I is the largest and mostly involved in energy generation and maintenance of reactive oxygen species. This largest OXPHOS complex consists of proteins encoded by both nDNA and mtDNA. Currently, the tissue-specific expression of nDNA encoded OXPHOS complex I genes expression in metabolically active tissues of buffalo are not well understood. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the tissue-specific expression of nDNA-encoded OXPHOS complex I genes in buffaloes.
Methods and Results
To analyze the expression of the OXPHOS complex I genes encoded by nDNA across the various tissues to gain insight into tissue-specific diversity in energy metabolism, RNA-Seq was performed on total RNA extracted from kidney, heart, brain, and ovary of four buffaloes, subsequently identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in various tissues comparison. Out of 57 identified OXPHOS complex I genes encoded by nDNA, 51 genes were found to be expressed in each tissue. Comparative analysis revealed 12 DEGs between kidney and brain, 30 for kidney vs ovary, 26 for kidney vs heart, 20 for heart vs brain, 38 for heart vs ovary, and 26 for brain vs ovary, with log2(FC)≥1 and p<0.05. Notably, compared to the ovary, other tissues such as the heart, kidney cortex, and brain exhibited a higher proportion of up-regulated OXPHOS complex I genes. The finding of nuclear derived OXPHOS complex I genes expression of our study showed a close relation with our earlier published report from our laboratory concerning OXPHOS complex I activity.
Conclusions
Our findings revealed substantial changes in OXPHOS complex I subunit gene expression encoded by nDNA across tissues, with up-regulation of specific genes potentially reflecting increased metabolic needs or adaptation to specific roles. These tissue-specific differential expression patterns of OXPHOS complex I subunit-related genes provide valuable insights into the importance of their integrity for tissue-specific energy requirements, mitochondrial function, and their implications for buffalo's productive and reproductive health.
Unlocking the Potential of Micromonospora sp.: Metabolomics and Molecular Modeling to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in Enteric Pathogens via ATP Synthase Inhibitors
Authors: El-Shatoury Sahar A. , Megawer Hanan K. , Nafie Mohamed S. , Makharita Rabab R. , Riesco Raúl , Trujillo Martha E. , Hanora Amro
Published: June 2023

Background
The misuse of antibiotics in the last decade led to the quick emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic microorganisms. It has become a serious health problem that motivates researchers to explore new antimicrobial compounds. Micromonospora is one of the most important producers of commercially successful secondary bioactive metabolites, especially antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, enediynes, and oligosaccharides. This study highlights the potential of Micromonospora spp. as a source of novel antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant human enteric pathogens.
Results
The metabolic extract from Micromonospora sp. 65SH showed the lowest MIC against Enterobacter sp. (25 µg/ml) and E. coli (12.5 µg/ml). We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to confirm the isolate’s identification at the genus level. Non-targeted metabolomics and molecular LC-QTOF-MS-MS modeling technique were used to identify potential compounds, mechanisms of action and target sites for new antibiotics derived from Micromonospora sp 65SH. The non-targeted metabolomics and molecular modeling of strain 65SH have shown six inhibitors to interfere with the E. coli ATP synthase and possible direct inhibitory effect on the ATP-dependent bacterial topoisomerases. These are: Melibiose, Oligomycin A, Queuine, Heptelidic acid, Diethyl phthalate, and 2'-Deoxyguanosine.
Conclusion
This research on Micromonospora metabolites holds promise for identifying unique compounds, understanding their mechanisms of action, and ultimately developing innovative strategies to target ATP synthase and address various diseases or conditions associated with aberrant energy metabolism. As scientists delve deeper into this relatively unexplored area, the future holds exciting prospects for the discovery and development of Micromonospora-derived ATP synthase inhibitors to combat antibiotic resistance.
Synthesis of MnO 2 electrode material by electro-deposition method for the enhanced capacitive properties
Authors: Patil S. S. , Patil V. L. , Tawade A. K. , Sharma K. K. , Bhosale A. G. , Vhanalkar S.A
Published: June 2023

Supercapacitor is an alternative for the conventional battery source owing to the safety, electrochemical stability, high power density, short charging time and long cycle life. In this view, MnO2 as an electrode material was synthesized via electrodeposition method to produce MnO2 thin films on stainless steel substrates as an electrochemical supercapacitors. The various characterization techniques were employed to study their physico-chemical properties. The scanning electron microscopy reveals interconnected nanowalls-like morphology of MnO2 thin films, which offers a higher surface area. As a function of the surface morphology, the synthesized MnO2 thin film-based capacitor showed highest specific capacitance of 464.45 Fg-1 at a low scan rate of 10mV.s-1 and galvonostatics charge discharge specific capacitance of 284.05 Fg-1 for current density of 1mA/cm2. In addition, the MnO2 based supercapacitor has also shown the higher cyclic stability at about 98% even after 500 cyclic voltammetry test.
Healthcare provider and drug dispenser knowledge and adherence to guidelines for the case management of malaria in pregnancy in the context of multiple first-line artemisinin-based combination therapies in Western Kenya
Authors: Osoro Caroline B. , Dellicour Stephanie , Ochodo Eleanor , Young Taryn , Kuile Feiko ter , Gutman Julie R. , Hill Jenny
Published: June 2023

Background
Concerns about emerging resistance to artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in Africa prompted the pilot introduction of multiple first-line therapies (MFT) in Western Kenya, potentially exposing women-of-childbearing-age (WOCBA) to antimalarials with unknown safety profiles in the first trimester. We assessed healthcare provider knowledge and adherence to national guidelines for managing malaria in pregnancy in the context of the MFT pilot.
Methods
From March to April 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 50 health facilities (HF) and 40 drug outlets (DO) using structured questionnaires to assess pregnancy detection, malaria diagnosis, and treatment choices by trimester. Differences between HF and DO providers and between MFT and non-MFT HFs were assessed using Chi-square tests.
Results
Of 174 providers (77% HF, 23% DO), 56% were from MFT pilot facilities. Most providers had tertiary education; 5% HF and 20% DO had only primary or secondary education. More HF than DO providers had knowledge of malaria treatment guidelines (62% vs 40%, p=0.023), received training in malaria in pregnancy (49% vs 20%, p=0.002), and reported assessing for pregnancy in WOCBA (98% vs 78%, p<0.001). Most providers insisted on parasitological diagnosis, with 59% HF using microscopy and 85% DO using rapid diagnostic tests. More HF than DO providers could correctly name the drugs for treating uncomplicated malaria in the first trimester (oral quinine, or AL if quinine is unavailable) (90% vs 58%, p<0.001), second and third trimesters (artemisinin-based combination therapies) (84% vs 70%, p=0.07), and for severe malaria (parenteral artesunate/artemether) (94% vs 60%, p<0.001). Among HF providers, those in the MFT pilot had more knowledge of malaria treatment guidelines (67% vs 49%, p=0.08) and had received training on treatment of malaria in pregnancy (56% vs 32%, p=0.03). Few providers (10% HF and 12% DO) had adequate knowledge of malaria treatment in pregnancy, defined as the correct drug and dose for uncomplicated and severe malaria in all trimesters.
Conclusions
Knowledge of national malaria in pregnancy treatment guidelines among providers in western Kenya is suboptimal. Robust training on appropriate antimalarial and dosage is needed. Supervision of DO and HF practices is essential for correct treatment of malaria in pregnancy in the context of MFT programmes.
An improved SMOTE based on center offset factor and synthesis strategy for imbalanced data classification
Authors: Zhang Ying , Deng Li , Huang Hefeng , Wei Bo
Published: June 2023

It is an enormous challenge for imbalanced data learning in the field of machine learning. To construct balanced datasets, oversampling techniques have been studied extensively. However, many oversampling methods suffer from introducing noisy samples and blurring classification boundaries, which leading to overfitting. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new oversampling method, namely CS-SMOTE, for synthesizing minority class samples by three-point interpolation. CS-SMOTE is mainly based on the center offset factor and a synthesis strategy. First, the CS-SMOTE method removes noise samples, calculates the center offset factor, and selects sparsely distributed minority class samples by using the K-distance graph technique. Next, new samples are generated basing on sparse minority samples, random minority samples, and sub-cluster centers located in the same sub-cluster samples. Finally, multiple comparative experiments on 18 well-known datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and general applicability of the proposed CS-SMOTE method for the imbalanced data classification. The experiments show that CS-SMOTE outperforms other competitors in terms of classification accuracy, while avoiding the issue of overfitting.
SPOPL induces tumorigenicity and stemness in glioma stem cells by activating Notch signaling
Authors: hu tianyu , Xuan Ruoheng , Han Erqiao , Cai Lingshan , Xia Zhibo
Published: June 2023

Glioma stem cells (GSCs) have been associated with high heterogeneity, recurrence rate, and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). As members of the Meprin-associated Traf homology (MATH) - Broad-complex, Tramtrack, and Bric-a-brac (BTB) protein family, both SPOPL and SPOP have been associated with cancer stem cells in various tumors. Although it has been established that SPOPL has a broader expression profile than SPOP in the human brain, whether it plays an important role in GSCs remains unclear. In the present study, analysis of SPOPL expression in GSCs, glioma cell lines, and GBM clinical specimens showed that high SPOPL expression correlated with poor prognosis. Analysis of the biological function of SPOPL in GSCs showed that SPOPL promotes the proliferation, tumorigenic and self-renewal ability of GSCs and inhibits the differentiation potential of GSCs. RNA-seq revealed that SPOPL could affect the biological functions of GSCs through activation of the Notch signaling pathway. Overall, SPOPL represents a possible molecular target for GBM treatment.
Novel Flower Pencil-Like ZnO/myristic acid composite: synthesis, characterization and study of their hydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Al-Mulla Ban Hamdan , Nawabjan Amirjan , Abdulelah Haider , Hussin Siti Maherah
Published: June 2023

Nanoflower pencil-like ZnO (diameter 20-24nm) with hexagonal structure was synthesized by sol-gel method. By altering ZnO nanoflower with a myristic acid (MA) that has low surface energy, a composite coating material known as MA-ZnO was successfully fabricated. For the first time, MA was coated on the surface of ZnO nanoflower to create composite coating and it has been confirmed that the shorter-chain MA acid can offer a denser coating on the nanoflower surface compared to other coating with similar volume, which induced super-hydrophobic effect. Different wt% of MA was prepared and mixed with ZnO. The surface morphology, crystalline structure, FTIR, and PL properties of each MA-ZnO composite thin films were investigated. The highest water contact angle (WCA) shown by the composite coating is 164.5º, increment of 90% in comparison to pure ZnO, which proved its super-hydrophobicity.
Role of Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD)On Economic GDP A Time Series Forecasting Approach Using ARIMA Model
Authors: Hasan Zeba , Alam M.Afshar , Kaur Harleen , Khan Ihtiram Raza , Alankar Bhavya
Published: June 2023

Research and development is recognized as one of the important factors in sustainable development goals (SDG − 9) to build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation. The global Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD) is one of the essentially derived indicators. Research and Development of any country is pretentiously affected by the sincere contribution of global expenditure on research and development (GERD) and number of the researchers in R&D employed in research activities. It is known that the innovation index is the measure of any country’s global expenditure on research and development (GERD) and its contribution to developmental research, along with its support in other contributive factors of the innovation index. To support this kind of index-based study limited data is present nowadays which is not supportive of the design of policy scenarios and technology development models. For the sake of data assessment, machine learning is nowadays playing a crucial role, and therefore in this paper we have studied various machine learning models but henceforth used the ARIMA model to study the impact of data variables and its time series forecasting. In our study, a comprehensive R&D spending estimate and its correlation with other variables reveal that the midst of the global GERD shuffle has to be re-formed to escalate profound domestic research in elaborated terms.
Therapies in patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: Challenges and Elections: A Systematic review
Authors: Castillo-Bustamante Melissa , García Alejandro , Candelo Estephania , Zamorano Alicia Amairan Gutiérrez , Escobar Luisa , Sánchez Juan , Espinoza Ireri , Briceño Omarliv , Andalón-Dueñas Elizabeth , Madrigal Jorge
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Postural persistent perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic vestibular disorder consisting of unsteadiness, and non-spinning vertigo lasting for 3 months, exacerbated by upright posture, active or passive motion of self, and moving visual stimuli. Medical therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) is frequently used in patients with this disorder, however, the indications for each one, still being controversial. Our goal was to gain a deeper understanding of the existing PPPD treatments and how they affected the quality of life and other factors related to the condition's progress
Methods:
A systematic review was conducted between July and September 2022, based on PRISMA guidelines. Mean age, the proportion of patients using Medical Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Vestibular Rehabilitation, Dizziness Handicap Inventory Scores and Scores associated with anxiety (HADS and HARS), depression, Safety Behavioral Inventory, Dizziness Symptoms Inventory, and Vertigo Severity Score
Results:
41 studies were reviewed and 14 of them met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Dizziness Handicap Inventory showed lower scores using VR and CBT. On the physical and functional dizziness handicap inventory using Medical Therapy, lower scores were typically observed. With the use of CBT, the Dizziness Severity Inventory and Safety Behavioral Scores decreased.
Discussion:
Targeted PPPD therapies may contribute to the patient’s symptom improvement and better quality of life. Based on the available data, healthcare providers should think about tailoring PPPD treatments.
Racism against migrants in healthcare in Europe: a scoping review
Authors: Pattillo Mia , Stieglitz Sigsten , Angoumis Konstantinos , Gottlieb Nora
Published: June 2023

Background
Racial discrimination is frequently mentioned as a social determinant of migrants’ health and a barrier to healthcare. However, in the European context, racial discrimination and its impact on migrants’ access to care is remarkably under-researched. This scoping review makes a first step toward filling this void by mapping the existing literature on racism against migrants in healthcare in Europe, identifying evidence gaps, and offering recommendations for future research.
Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines, four databases were searched for empirical studies published in English between 1992 and 2022. Studies were included if they report on manifestations, experiences and/or impacts of racism against migrants in a healthcare setting in a European country. Findings were summarized by study characteristics (geographical scope, study design, research question and measures) and thematically (manifestations and experience of racism, and impacts of racism on healthcare).
Results
Out of 2365 initial hits, 1724 records were included in the title/abstract-screening, 87 records in the full text-screening, and 43 records in the data extraction. For many country and healthcare contexts, evidence on racism in healthcare is lacking. Most study apply an explorative qualitative research design; comparability and generalizability of research results are low. Our analysis furthermore shows a near-exclusive research focus on racism on the interpersonal level as compared to institutional and structural levels. Our synthesis of study results identifies three interrelated ways in which racism manifests in and impacts migrants’ healthcare: 1) general anti-migration bias, 2) health- and healthcare-related prejudice, and 3) differential medical treatment.
Conclusions
Our review underscores how racism reinforces inequities in healthcare access, healthcare quality, and health outcomes for racialized migrants. It also highlights the need for more research on racism in healthcare across a greater scope of country contexts, healthcare settings and migrant/racialized communities in order to understand specific forms of discrimination and capture race as a context-contingent social construct. Methods and insights from other disciplines may help to critically examine categories and hierarchies in light of underlying historical, sociopolitical and socioeconomic processes and structures. It is critical for future research to consider individual-level racism as embedded in racism on institutional and structural levels.
Ethnomycological Survey of Wild Mushroom Species Utilized by the Subanen Tribes in Selected Barangays in Tangub City, Misamis Occidental, Philippines
Authors: Despe Airene , Plimaco Sheila Marie Y. , Japos March Ivan , Niez Luigi
Published: June 2023

Since prehistoric times, ethnic cultures have used wild mushrooms as food and medicine. Despite the extensive use of these important resources in ethnomycology, little is known about them, and the documentation that does exist is insufficient. The goal of the current study was to record the traditional knowledge of the Subanen populations regarding the use of different types of wild mushrooms. Field walks to collect the indicated mushroom species were undertaken after an actual interview utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire. To support diverse therapeutic claims, the local name, specific usage, method of preparation, and range of uses for wild mushrooms are described. In the ten barangays of Matugnaw, Uwayan, Sicot, Paiton, Taguite, Katagan, Kimat, Baluc, Salimpuno, and Caniangan, the study discovered various naturally occurring mushrooms. Leaf litter, soil, and rotting logs were used to identify the ten different mushroom species. Termitomyces cartilaginous, Auricularia auricularia-judae, Volvariella volvacea, Schizophyllum commune, Auricularia polytricha, Ganoderma applanatum, Trametes polyzona, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Trametes elegans and Lenzites betulinus were the species of wild mushrooms that the Subanen tribe used for food and medicine, respectively. These precious mushrooms were used by some ethnic tribes in the Philippines and other nations as well, and their broad use may support their therapeutic claims.
Liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors : conventional transarterial chemoembolization and thermal ablation
Authors:   , Bolik Philipp
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The aim of this work was to retrospectively identify prognostic factors for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases (NELM) undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization (c-TACE), microwave ablation (MWA) or laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) and to determine the most effective therapy in terms of volume reduction and survival. Method: Between 1996 and 2020, 130 patients (82 men, 48 women) were treated with c-TACE, 41 patients were additionally treated with thermoablative procedures. Survival was retrospectively analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier-method. Prognostic factors were derived by using cox-regression. To find predictive factors for volume reduction due to c-TACE, a mixed-effects model was used. Results: With c-TACE, an overall median volume reduction of 23.5 % was achieved. An average decrease of tumor volume was shown until the 6th c-TACE treatment, then the effect stopped. So, the median volume reduction off all lesions takes on a negative value from the 7th c-TACE intervention onwards. The mixed-effects model demonstrated that c-TACE interventions were most effective at the beginning of c-TACE therapy, and that treatment breaks longer than 90 days negatively influenced the outcome. For all patients evaluable for survival, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 1-year survival rate of 75 % and a 5-year survival rate of 36 %. Significant prognostic factors for survival were number of liver lesions (p = 0.0001) and therapeutical intention (p < 0.0001). Considering the clinical indication, 90.9 % of curative patients and 43.6 % of palliative patients responded to c-TACE therapy and thus could be submitted to a thermoablative procedure. Minor and one major complication occurred in 20.3 % of LITT and only in 8.6 % of MWA interventions. Complete ablation was observed in 95.7 % (LITT) and 93.1 % (MWA) of interventions Conclusions: C-TACE is an effective treatment for volume reduction of NELM, however efficacy decreases after the 6th intervention and treatment breaks longer than 90 days should be avoided. With thermal ablation, a high rate of complete ablation was achieved and survival improved. Significant factors for survival were found and may be used as prognostic factors in the future.