bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK FENOTIPE DAN GENOTIPE LIMA STRAIN IKAN MAS DI JAWA BARAT DAN BANTEN
Authors: Ariyanto Didik , Carman Odang , Soelistyowati Dinar Tri , Jr. Muhammad Zairin , Syukur Muhamad
Published: September 2018

Langkah awal program pemuliaan adalah koleksi dan pengenalan karakter materi pemuliaan tersebut. Hasil karakterisasi digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan metode pelaksanaan program pemuliaan yang akan dilakukan. Koleksi material genetik untuk program pemuliaan ikan mas menghasilkan lima strain yang dominan dibudidaya di wilayah Jawa Barat dan Banten, yakni strain Rajadanu, Sutisna, Majalaya, Wildan, dan Sinyonya. Pengenalan karakter material genetik ikan mas hasil koleksi dilakukan melalui dua pendekatan, yaitu fenotipe menggunakan metode truss morfometrik dan genotipe menggunakan metode mikrosatelit DNA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variasi keragaan fenotipe kelima strain ikan mas relatif sesuai dengan variasi keragaan genotipenya. Selain mengelompokkan antar strain, hasil analisis genotipe juga menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keragaman genetik kelima strain ikan mas yang diindikasikan dengan nilai heterozigositas (Ho) relatif rendah, yaitu berkisar antara 0,08-0,20 dengan jarak genetik antar strain berada dalam kisaran 0,420-0,582.The first step in a fish breeding program is the collection and characterization of the breeding subject. The results of characterization are used as a baseline to select suitable potential methods used in the breeding program. The samples of genetic materials of five strains of common carp (Rajadanu, Sutisna, Majalaya, Wildan, and Sinyonya) were obtained from West Java and Banten Province. The characterization of collected genetic materials of the common carp species followed the phenotype and genotype approaches. Phenotypic characterization used truss morphometric method while genotype characterization applied DNA microsatellite method. The results showed that the phenotypic variation of the common carp had a close fit with its genotypic variation. In addition, the genotype analysis also showed that the genetic diversity level of the strains was relatively low indicated by the narrow ranges of heterozygosity values (Ho) (0.08-0.20) and genetic distance among strains (0.420-0.582).
EDUCAÇÃO PREVENTIVA AO ABUSO DE DROGAS EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS NUM MUNICÍPIO DO SUL DO BRASIL.
Authors: Knevitz Marcos Fernando , Béria Jorge Umberto , Schermann Lígia Braun
Published: September 2018

A presente pesquisa objetivou conhecer práticas preventivas ao abuso de drogas em escolas públicas municipais e estaduais. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, para a realização do qual foram utilizados dois questionários semiestruturados, respondidos pelas direções e professores. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que o tema drogas é trabalhado em 87,5% das escolas, estando registrado no projeto pedagógico em 57,5% dessas escolas. As atividades de educação preventiva com maior frequência foram palestras e distribuição de material educativo, sendo que 24% dos professores se consideraram preparados para atuar na educação preventiva. Os profissionais da educação demonstraram necessidade de orientação sobre como trabalhar com o tema. A prevenção pode ser melhorada com uma maior interação entre profissionais técnicos e a comunidade escolar, além de garantia de formação adequada aos professores.
AVALIAÇÕES DE PROGRAMAS GOVERNAMENTAIS REALIZADAS PELO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DA UNIÃO
Authors: Barros Célio da Costa , Viana de Souza Fábia Jaiany , De Barros Câmara Renata Paes , Barros Filipe Machado da Costa , Batista Edimilson Monteiro , De Melo Olga Aguiar
Published: September 2018

Esta pesquisa objetivou identificar a atuação do TCU na avaliação de programas governamentais em funções do governo no período 2000-2012. Para tanto, a metodologia adotada consistiu de pesquisas descritivas, documental e qualitativa. Os resultados revelaram que as 73 avaliações de programas governamentais analisadas foram executadas por 490 auditores, utilizando 6 estratégias metodológicas, 14 técnicas de diagnóstico, 4 tipos de coleta de dados e 6 formas de analisá-los, consumindo em média 117,83 HDFs (Homem Dia Fiscalização). Conclui-se que as avaliações de programas do TCU estão em sintonia com a tendência mundial contribuindo com a APFB tendo ofertado 1.373 sugestões, cujo impacto nos programas públicos foi advindo da implementação de 435 destas recomendações. Contudo, a despeito da avaliação positiva quanto aos benefícios gerados pela atuação do TCU, a pesquisa identificou que a demanda por este tipo de auditoria, por parte dos congressistas, não está alinhada ao comportamento mundial (NAO, GAO, Corte de Contas da Alemanha e da França).
Uso dos mapas conceituais como ferramenta de avaliação qualitativa, com ênfase no ensino de Física
Authors: Dantas Messias P , Silva Flávio Urbano da , Borges Jacques Cousteau da Silva
Published: September 2018

Este artigo contém uma análise do uso dos mapas conceituais na educação (com ênfase no ensino de física) e uma proposta de utilizá-lo como ferramenta de avaliação qualitativa. Através de uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, foram obtidas informações que revelaram a valiosa ferramenta que são os mapas conceituais para a educação. O mapa conceitual é uma estratégica metodológica gráfica que tem por objetivo organizar, representar e criar conhecimento, através relações entre conceitos, criando proposições.  Essa ferramenta é fundamentada na teoria da assimilação de Ausubel e por esse motivo possui uma estrutura hierárquica, sua elaboração e leitura exigem um menor esforço cognitivo em relação a textos escritos. Por esse motivo, os mapas conceituais são ótimas ferramentas para a avaliação qualitativa.
EVALUACIÓN DEL ERROR EN ESTIMACIONES (A,U,?)
Authors: Legrá Lobaina Arístides Alejandro
Published: September 2018

Se presenta un resumen de las expresiones formales de las clases U? y ?U de los estimadores (A,U,?) distinguiéndose dos casos: se conoce la deriva ?(P);  o ?(P) debe determinarse por ser desconocida. Considerando las expresiones clásicas para la evaluación numérica de errores de interpolación, de la varianza del error de estimación para Kriging y de la varianza de interpolación de J. K. Yamamoto, se propone una nueva expresión general para evaluar el error de cualquier estimación del tipo (A,U,?).
O PROEJA E A REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO (LEI Nº 13.415/2017)
Authors: Henrique Ana Lúcia Sarmento
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo pretende discutir a reforma do Ensino Médio e suas consequências para o Proeja. Partimos do pressuposto de que essa reforma afeta diretamente o Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional, pois acaba com a ideia de integração e vai de encontro ao direito de educação básica comum e igual para todos. Além disso, nega aos jovens e adultos o que, historicamente, já lhes foi negado: o direito a uma educação que lhes permita inserção social e no mundo do trabalho. Partimos de revisão bibliográfica sobre o EJA (HADDAD e DI PIERRO, 2000; PAIVA, 2005) e o Proeja (MOURA E HENRIQUE, 2012; MOURA, 2016), aliada à análise documental (BRASIL, 1996; BRASIL, 2007; BRASIL, 2017a; BRASIL 2017b). A análise mostra que, embora não se refira à modalidade EJA em seu teor, a reforma do Ensino médio promulgada pelo Governo Federal é mais um passo para a descontinuidade ou atrofia do Proeja.
A invisibilidade do desemprego (juvenil) no discurso mediático da imprensa portuguesa
Authors: Reis Bruno Carriço , Sousa João Carlos
Published: September 2018

A actual crise internacional, que deriva do colapso subprime de 2006, gerou um efeito económico recessivo à escala global. No contexto português a consequência maior do fenómeno é o acentuar da precarização laboral e o aumento do desemprego juvenil. Importa perceber como a imprensa diária constrói a cobertura mediática deste fenómeno social e em que termos propõe o debate público. Para a concretização do objectivo enunciado efectuamos em dois jornais diários portugueses; a) uma análise de conteúdo, apurando frequências e temáticas acerca do desemprego (juvenil) e b) um estudo discursivo, acerca de como os media apresentam e representam os (jovens) desempregados. Os resultados revelam um alheamento mediático em relação ao fenómeno, que prima por uma cobertura minimalista e um excessivo enfoque institucional do problema, prática que neutraliza a compreensão da complexidade do fenómeno.
Further insights into calcium sulfoaluminate cement expansion
Authors: Hargis Craig W. , Lothenbach Barbara , Müller Christian J. , Winnefeld Frank
Published: September 2018

There is still an ongoing debate on the mechanisms of expansion of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements, which can be either favourable, for example, in shrinkage compensating construction materials, or deleterious in cases of excessive expansion. In order to expand on previous studies, CSA cements with molar ratios (M) of calcium sulfate/ye'elimite of 0·1, 1, 1·5 and 2 were investigated from 30 min to 182 d. All systems showed expansion, and expansion was found to increase with increasing gypsum content. The sample with M = 2 showed a high expansion and severe cracking after 1 d of hydration. Based on the pore solution chemistry, crystallisation pressures were calculated, which revealed that not only ettringite, but also the other hydrate phases present (aluminium hydroxide (AH3), strätlingite, calcium aluminate decahydrate (CAH10), monosulfate) may contribute to the total crystallisation pressure. The percolation pore radii obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry were used to calculate hydrostatic tensile stresses. It was found that in all investigated systems the hydrostatic tensile stresses exceeded the 1 d tensile strength, which is in line with the fact that all samples showed expansion.
Innovative excavation and support techniques for deep large foundations in soft ground
Authors: Cui Jiangyu , Shen Si
Published: September 2018

The Suzhou Taihu New City major underground space development was one of the largest and most complex foundation projects in China. It had a footprint area of 93 000 m2 with a depth of 18 m into soft ground. The complexity was increased further by its proximity to existing sensitive assets, which include a metro station and flood defence structure. These challenges were overcome by using multiple innovative excavation and support techniques, including mini-pits, reserved soil berms, compartmentalised excavations, composite slope stabilisation, the observational method and a ‘time–space effect’.
Experimental study of fibre-reinforced interlocking mud bricks under compressive test
Authors: Muhammad  , Saleem Muhammad Azhar , Kazmi Syed Minhaj Saleem , Munir Muhammad Junaid
Published: September 2018

The focus of this study was to develop manually compressed interlocking mud bricks and study their compressive strength. For this purpose, mud bricks were manufactured incorporating wheat straw (1–4% by weight of soil) and rice husk (1–5% by weight of soil). Furthermore, mud bricks were also manufactured using lime (12%, 15% and 19% by weight of soil) and a combination of wheat straw and rice husk, named straw husk (1–4% by weight of soil) as an additive. To investigate the strength and failure pattern of interlocking mud bricks, compressive strength testing was performed. The control mud bricks showed shrinkage cracks, but no signs of shrinkage cracking were observed in specimens incorporating fibres (wheat straw, rice husk and straw husk). A decrease in compressive strength was observed with increasing content of fibres in the mud brick specimens. However, interlocking mud bricks incorporating fibres fulfilled the minimum strength requirements of different standards for mud bricks. A decrease in compressive strength of the mud bricks was also observed when using lime as an additive. Nevertheless, interlocking mud bricks incorporating lime (up to 19%) satisfied the minimum strength requirement of the Turkish standard. Therefore, interlocking mud bricks incorporating fibres and lime can be used in earthen construction, leading towards sustainable structures.
Geotechnical advances in development of a seismic code for Hong Kong
Authors: Sze Eric H. Y. , Leung Erin H. Y. , Koo Raymond C. H. , So Minly M. L. , Pappin Jack W.
Published: September 2018

Hong Kong is located in a low- to moderate-seismicity region with earthquake damage to buildings having been recorded in the past. On average, there are about two earth tremors felt every year. Nowadays, the city is a unique place in the world with a high-density population living in high-rise buildings and surrounded by steeply sloping terrain. The potential risk of earthquake-induced damage thus calls for the development of a seismic design code for buildings in Hong Kong. In recent years, several critical geotechnical studies have been completed focusing on enhancing earthquake resilience in Hong Kong. They have included: (a) updating of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment based on a recent earthquake catalogue; (b) examination of local site effects and topographic amplification effects based on a pilot-area-specific seismic microzonation study; (c) reviewing the earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility of the natural terrain; and (d) assessment of the seismic stability of man-made slopes and retaining walls. These seismic studies are pivotal to the development of the seismic design code which is being pursued in Hong Kong. This paper is an important milestone in providing a detailed account of these studies and their impact on the code development.
Effect of drainage states on dynamic behaviours of Ningbo clay under uniform cyclic loading
Authors: Huang Juehao , Chen Jian , Cheng Hongzhan , Qiu Yuefeng
Published: September 2018

In this study, the actual drainage condition of in situ soft clay is partially drained and the natural soft soil was subjected to long-term uniform cyclic loading. Cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on remoulded samples to analyse the effect of drainage condition on the dynamic behaviour of Ningbo clay. The results showed that when the cyclic stress ratio (CSR) was small, the accumulated axial strain under undrained conditions was larger than that under partially drained conditions; however, when the CSR was high, the accumulated axial strain in the undrained condition reduced. The resilient strain gradually decreased after a large number of cycles under partially drained conditions, while it increased more significantly with an increase in CSR during the experiments under undrained conditions. With increasing cycle numbers, the pore pressure initially increased and then decreased with a peak value under partially drained conditions, while the pore pressure tended to become stable under undrained conditions. On the basis of the test results, equations for permanent axial strain and pore pressure considering the effect of drainage conditions are proposed, which can predict the dynamic responses of in situ subsoils under long-term uniform cyclic loading.
Unemployment Risk
Authors: Kiley Michael T.
Published: September 2018

Fluctuations in upside risks to unemployment over the medium term are examined using quantile regressions. U.S. experience reveals an elevated risk of large increases in unemployment when inflation or credit growth is high and when the unemployment rate is low. Inflation was a significant contributor to unemployment risk in the 1970s and early 1980s, and fluctuations in credit have contributed importantly to unemployment risk since the 1980s. Fluctuations in upside risk to unemployment are larger than fluctuations in the median outlook or downside risk to unemployment. Accounting for inflation and the state of the business cycle is important for understanding the role of financial conditions in shaping unemployment risk. The analysis suggests that fluctuations in near-term risks to unemployment decreased after 1984 because inflation stabilized, but fluctuations in medium-term risks increased owing to the large swings in credit in recent decades.
The Long and Short of It: Do Public and Private Firms Invest Differently?
Authors: Feldman Naomi , Kawano Laura , Patel Elena , Rao Nirupama , Stevens Michael , Edgerton Jesse
Published: September 2018

Using data from U.S. corporate tax returns, which provide a sample representative of the universe of U.S. corporations, we investigate the differential investment propensities of public and private firms. Re-weighting the data to generate observationally comparable sets of public and private firms, we find robust evidence that public firms invest more overall, particularly in R&D. Exploiting within-firm variation in public status, we find that firms dedicate more of their investment to R&D following IPO, and reduce these investments upon going private. Our findings suggest that public stock markets facilitate greater investment, on average, particularly in risky, uncollateralized investments.
Pensar el pasado para adaptarse al cambio climático. El aporte necesario de la historia ambiental latinoamericana/ Thinking about the past in order to adapt to climate change. The necessary contribution from Latin American environmental history
Authors: Mora Pacheco Katherinne Giselle
Published: September 2018

Este artículo resalta la necesidad de involucrar a la historia en la construcción de estrategias adaptativas para el presente y el futuro. También presenta un balance sobre algunas de las reflexiones sobre la adaptación frente al cambio climático en perspectiva histórica, principalmente desde el mundo anglosajón, pero con trabajos pioneros para América Latina. El texto invita a ir más allá de las historias de coyunturas y fracasos, para reconstruir visiones de mediano y largo plazo sobre la relación clima-sociedad, que incluyan los casos en los cuales el resultado no fue fatídico. Por último, señala algunas tareas y metodologías que los historiadores ambientales latinoamericanos pueden incluir en sus agendas investigativas.

Abstract

This article highlights how important is the participation of history in the design of adaptive strategies for the present and future. Also, it does a balance about some reflections on adaptation to climate change in historical perspective, mainly from the Anglo-Saxon academic world, but with some exceptions from Latin America. The article is an invitation to go beyond the stories of conjuncture and failures, to reconstruct medium and long-term visions about the relationship between climate and society, which include the cases in which the result was not fateful. Finally, it indicates some tasks and methodologies for research agendas of environmental historians in Latin America.
Vulnerabilidad al cambio climático en Pedernales, Ecuador: retos desde el agua/ Vulnerability to climate change in Pedernales, Ecuador: challenges from the water
Authors: Cevallos Aráuz Andrea , Parrado Rodríguez Cristhian
Published: September 2018

Este artículo identifica las condiciones de vulnerabilidad y riesgo al cambio climático que presenta la ciudad de Pedernales (Ecuador) en relación con el agua. Caracteriza estas problemática en función de cuatro ejes: el estado de los recursos hídricos, las formas de ocupación sobre riberas, los mecanismos de circulación del agua y el sistema sociocultural de uso de este recurso. Luego describe cómo el enfoque de adaptación basado en un diseño urbano sensible al agua puede disminuir la vulnerabilidad que genera la contaminación de las riberas del principal río de la ciudad. A partir de esto se busca debatir los retos que para la agenda local implicaría la recuperación integral de riberas y ríos a través de procesos de restauración ecológica y mejoramiento paisajístico.

Abstract

This article identifies the conditions of vulnerability and risk to climate change presented by the city of Pedernales (Ecuador) in relation to water. It characterizes these problems according to four axes: the state of water resources, the forms of occupation on riverbanks, the mechanisms of water circulation, and the sociocultural system of use of this resource. Then he describes how the adaptation approach based on an urban design sensitive to water can reduce the vulnerability generated by pollution of the banks of the main river in the city. From this, it is sought to discuss the challenges that for the local agenda would imply the integral recovery of banks and rivers through processes of ecological restoration and landscape improvement.
Sustentabilidad y gestión de riesgo. Respuesta, reparación y prevención frente a inundaciones desde un análisis de caso/Sustainability and risk management. Response, repair and prevention against floods from a case analysis
Authors: Carrizo Sineiro Cecilia , Ferreyra Yamila Maricel , Astudillo Diego , Soldá Silvina
Published: September 2018

La provincia de Córdoba, constituye uno de los polos de desarrollo del modelo agropecuario basado en transgénicos-agrotóxicos-siembra directa-commodities implementado en Argentina. Está ubicada en la región para la que el Panel Intergubernamental sobre de Cambio Climático (IPCC) ha pronosticado hace más de 10 años la ocurrencia de precipitaciones extremas, consecuentes inundaciones y necesidades de adaptación específicas. El trabajo pretende problematizar los límites de la gestión del riesgo en dicho contexto a partir del análisis de un caso concreto, la ciudad de Jesús María frente a la inundación del año 2015. A tal fin, presentamos en detalle la sistematización de las acciones/comunicaciones de dos sistemas sociales urbanos identificados como claves, el Sistema Político Institucional y el de Información-Comunicación, en los tres momentos en que se analizan los desastres: respuesta, reparación y prevención. Nuestra observación, desde una perspectiva sistémica-comunicacional, aspira a aumentar la reflexividad social sobre un modelo de producción, dando cuenta de la complejidad de una gramática de la adaptación al cambio climático que, haciendo foco en las responsabilidades privadas y públicas y la defensa de los derechos humanos, la biodiversidad y la infraestructura pública y privada, supere respuestas tecnocráticas y prefigure una adaptación al cambio climático que haga eje en la sustentabilidad.

Abstract

The province of Córdoba is one of the poles of development of the agricultural model based on transgenic-agrotoxicos-direct seeding-commodities implemented in Argentina. It is located in the region for which the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has forecast more than 10 years ago the occurrence of extreme rainfall, consequent floods and specific adaptation needs. The work aims to problematize the limits of risk management in this context from the analysis of a specific case, the city of Jesus Maria after the flood of 2015. To this end, we present in detail the systematization of actions of two urban social systems identified as key, the Institutional Political System and the Information-Communication System, in the three moments in which disasters are analyzed: response, repair and prevention. Our observation, from a systemic-communicational perspective, aims to increase social reflexivity on a production model, accounting for the complexity of a grammar of adaptation to climate change, focusing on private and public responsibilities and the defense of human rights, biodiversity and public and private infrastructure, overcomes inefficient and technocratic responses and prefigures an adaptation to climate change that focuses on sustainability.
YAŞ GRUPLARI İLE KAFATASI VARYASYONLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: ALKAN Yarenkür
Published: September 2018

Toplumlar arasındaki biyolojik uzaklık analizleri, kafa veya dişten gelen varyasyonlar kullanılarak yapılır. Diş varyasyonlarının aksine kafatası varyasyonlarının cinsiyet ve yaşla ilişkisi her zaman tartışma konusu olmuştur. İleri yaşlarda bölgesel kemik büyümesinin sebep olduğu varyasyonlara doğru bir eğilim gözlenirken, daha genç yaşlarda bölgesel kemik yetersizliğinin sebep olduğu varyasyonlara doğru bir eğilimin olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu sebeple biyolojik uzaklık çalışmalarında hangi yaş gruplarının dahil edilmesi gerektiği konusunda kesin bir bilgi mevcut değildir. Bu çalışmada amacımız dört farklı toplumun verileri incelenerek kafatası varyasyonları ve yaş grupları arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını anlamaya çalışmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında Van Kalesi Höyüğü/İslami, Van Kalesi Höyüğü/Hıristiyan, Karagündüz ve Kureyşler toplumlarına ait toplam 297 bireyde 29 varyasyona bakılmıştır. 40 yaş altı ve üstü olarak ayrılan bireyler iki gruplar toplanmış kafatası varyasyonları ile yaş grupları arasındaki ilişki SPSS 23 programında X² testi ile araştırılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda her toplum için farklı varyasyonlar anlamlı sonuçlar vermiştir. Bu durum yaşın varyasyonların görünümünde önemli bir faktör olmadığı fikrini desteklemektedir. Ayrıca eski topluluklar çalışılırken 60 yaş üstü bireylere az rastlanması ve yaş tahmininin cinsiyet tahmini kadar kesinlik içermemesi biyolojik uzaklık çalışmalarında yaşın etkisini azaltmaktadır. Dolayısıyla iskelet serileri üzerinde biyolojik uzaklık çalışması yapılacaksa yaş etkisi öncelikle örneklem içerisinde istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmelidir.
FUTBOL HAKEMLERİNİN KENDİNİ SABOTAJ DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: KAMUK Yetkin Utku , EVLİ Fatih , TECİMER Harun
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı Çorum ilinde faal olarak görev yapan futbol hakemlerinin kendini sabotaj düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada katılımcıların kendini sabotaj düzeylerinin, yaş, cinsiyet, hakem yaşı, eğitim düzeyi, gelir düzeyi gibi değişkenler açısından da incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu Çorum ilinde faal olarak görev yapan futbol hakemleri ( N= 49) oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler Jones ve Rhodewalt tarafından geliştirilip, Akın tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanmış olan 25 soruluk likert tipi “Kendini Sabotaj Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde yüzde frekans tabloları ve değişkenlere göre farklılık olup olmadığı ANOVA testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda katılımcıların demografik özelliklerine göre kendini sabotaj düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı (p<0,05) görülmüştür.
Effect of thawing method on bull sperm survival in ejaculates frozen in 4 ml and 8 ml volumes
Authors: Biniová Zuzana , Stádník Luděk , Doležalová Martina , Ducháček Jaromír
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different thawing protocols (slow (P1), medium (P2), and fast (P3)) on percentage of motile sperm (MOT) and percentage of sperm cells with intact membranes (INT) in Holstein (4 bulls; 72 samples) and Czech Fleckvieh (4 bulls; 72 samples) semen frozen-thawed in 4 ml and 8 ml volumes. MOT was analysed in fresh semen, as well as immediately after thawing (T0) and 30 min after thawing (T30). INT was analysed using hypoosmotic swelling test (HOS test) in fresh ejaculate (FE), after diluting (DE), and at T0. The differences between FE parameters and frozen-thawed ejaculate parameters, expressing changes that occur during cryopreservation, were calculated. Apart from the effect of thawing protocol, the effect of breed and the effect of quality of FE expressed by MOT immediately after collecting were evaluated, too. Unlike thawing of semen cryopreserved in straws (0.25 and 0.5 ml), thawing using the slow protocol (P1) was the most appropriate (P < 0.05) for both observed volumes. There were found significantly higher MOT in the volume of 8 ml in both T0 and T30 and in the volume of 4 ml in T30 in samples thawed using P1 and P2. MOT in T0 was significantly affected by breed in samples frozen in 8 ml and in T30 in samples frozen in 4 and 8 ml. There were found no significant differences in INT in all reported volumes, however decrease of INT during cryopreservation was affected by breed.
Image Acquisition on the Odyssey Fc Imager v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

The Odyssey Fc Imager, with 600 channel capabilities, can image agarose gels stained with popular DNA stains, such as ethidium bromide and SYBR Safe DNA stain, with sub-nanogram sensitivity. The Odyssey Fc Imager contains a 532 nm diffuse source with an excitation maximum of 520 nm and a detection maximum of 600 nm. These instrument parameters are within the range of the excitation and emission wavelengths of ethidium bromide (Ex/Em = 302 & 518/605 nm) and other visible fluorescent nucleic acid stains and provide a sensitive gel documentation option. SYBR Safe DNA stain (Ex/Em = 502/530 nm) has also been tested on the Odyssey Fc Imager (using the 600 channel) with sensitivities exceeding ethidium bromide detection. The maximum fluorescence emission wavelength of SYBR Safe is very close to the maximum excitation wavelength. However, the Odyssey Fc 600 channel collects excitation light at a wavelength 50 nm higher than the maximum excitation wavelength of SYBR Safe. These instrument properties decrease the background and improve the signal-to-noise ratio for nucleic acid detection. Specific instructions are given in this protocols for ethidium bromide and SYBR Safe use. Other nucleic acid binding stains may also be compatible with the Odyssey Fc Imager. Please check the excitation and emission spectra of each stain. Developed for: Odyssey Fc Imaging System
Imaging Nucleic Acid Gels on the Odyssey® Fc Imager v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

The Odyssey Fc Imager, with 600 channel capabilities, can image agarose gels stained with popular DNA stains, such as ethidium bromide and SYBR Safe DNA stain, with sub-nanogram sensitivity. The Odyssey Fc Imager contains a 532 nm diffuse source with an excitation maximum of 520 nm and a detection maximum of 600 nm. These instrument parameters are within the range of the excitation and emission wavelengths of ethidium bromide (Ex/Em = 302 & 518/605 nm) and other visible fluorescent nucleic acid stains and provide a sensitive gel documentation option. Developed for: Odyssey Fc Imaging System
IRDye® Peptide Labeling Application Guide v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

IRDye NHS esters react with unblocked amines in peptides. NHS ester reactions usually proceed quickly and cleanly in either organic or aqueous solvents. While NHS esters continue to be widely used tools for biomolecule modification, their application to large peptides may be complicated by factors such as steric hindrance, amine inactivation by salt-bridging, and multiple labeling sites. Although a properly designed peptide can be labeled site-specifically by NHS ester chemistry, complex designs may incur cost-prohibitive materials and labor.To address the limitations of NHS ester chemistry, orthogonal technologies such as IRDye Maleimides and Click Chemistry Reagents have been developed to label non-amine functional groups. Orthogonal chemistry can also facilitate dual- or multi-dye labeling. As with NHS ester chemistry, optimal non-amine labeling is usually achieved by aqueous solution-phase reactions. Developed for: Odyssey® Classic, Odyssey CLx, Odyssey Sa, and Aerius Imaging Systems
Detection of post-immunoprecipitation proteins by Western blot using the Quick Western Kit–IRDye® 680RD v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

Immunoprecipitation (IP) is a valuable tool that utilizes antibody: antigen interactions to isolate a specific target protein from thousands of proteins in a complex solution. The specificity of the reaction increases the concentration of dilute proteins as high as 10,000-fold; a property that renders the technique useful in the examination of rare proteins. With careful choice of antibodies, a co-IP can also be used to demonstrate protein interaction partners.
Protocol for use with NEBNext rRNA Depletion Kit (Human/Mouse/Rat) E6310 (E7760) v1
Authors: Moran Lauren , England Biolabs New
Published: September 2018

The NEBNext rRNA Depletion Kit (Human/Mouse/Rat) depletes both cytoplasmic (5S rRNA, 5.8SrRNA, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) and mitochodrial ribosomal RNA (12SrRNA and 16S rRNA) from human, mouse and rat total RNA preparations. This product is suitable for both intact and degraded RNA (e.g. FFPE RNA). The resulting rRNA-depleted RNA is suitable for RNA-Seq, random-primed cDNA synthesis, or other downstream RNA analysis applications.
News, Ads, Chats, and Property Rights over Algorithms
Authors: Kleinnijenhuis Jan
Published: September 2018

The success of tech firms rests on their ownership of the algorithms for operating new platforms for the interactions among five groups of stakeholders in the markets of news, ads, and chats: stakeholders from the spheres of politics, journalism, the citizenry, the tech firms themselves, and other firms. Recent regulations that touch on property rights such as the German Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetz and the European Directive on Copyright in the Digital Market have turned ownership of algorithms into exclusive ownership. Thereby tech firms obtain also the right to censor and the exclusive right to micro-target clients for advertisers. Coase’s theorem is used to discuss alternative allocations of property rights that could improve the quality of news, ads, and chats.
Dependent, Deprived or Deviant? The Case of Single Mothers in Denmark
Authors: Jørgensen Martin Bak
Published: September 2018

The article explores how categories of deserving and undeserving groups are established in policy designs and how social target groups are constructed according to such distinctions. Institutionalised systems of exclusion and inclusion have a profound impact on citizenship and substantial democracy. Neoliberalist political ideas and attitudes have strengthened the focus on deserving and undeserving groups over the last years and spurred a popular belief that welfare fraud is rampant. This tendency has led to a retrenchment of established rights and increasing use of illiberal means to further punish the undeserving. This article discusses these issues further by looking at the position of lone mothers in Denmark and how they constitute a social target group defined by their class, gender, ethnic, and religious differences. Categories of deservingness are also framed in national narratives and politics of belonging.
Scrutinizing Virtual Citizen Involvement in Planning: Ten Applications of an Online Participatory Tool
Authors: Hjerpe Mattias , Glaas Erik , Storbjörk Sofie
Published: September 2018

How to organize citizen participation in planning is continuously debated. The amount of Online Participatory Tools (OPTs) to facilitate inclusive and efficient participation has increased. While studies have assessed their functionality, usability and effectiveness in planning, they have rarely analyzed OPTs beyond single-cases, targeted tools that are widely used or assessed how OPTs affect broader values of participation. Targeting this absence, this study analyzes how ten applications of a widely used OPT, CityPlanner™, affect the normative, substantive and instrumental values of citizen participatory planning in Swedish cities. By analyzing 1,354 citizen proposals and interviewing urban planners, we find that citizens more extensively submit proposals and initiate debates on planning when using the OPT. Results suggest a more even age and gender distribution among proposal users than with conventional methods, facilitating normative values of participation. The OPT was generally applied early in planning and generated high-quality inputs. Our results, however, nuance previous analyses by also emphasizing the importance of place-specificity of OPT applications and of joint participation strategies among departments. Key for OPT development includes the need to improve their ability to analyze overarching trends among inputs.
Foreign Immigrants in Depopulated Rural Areas: Local Social Services and the Construction of Welcoming Communities
Authors: Sampedro Rosario , Camarero Luis
Published: September 2018

Many rural areas in Spain suffer an acute problem of depopulation. In recent years the arrival of foreign immigrant workers has contributed to alleviating the situation. The social services in rural areas play a fundamental role in the reception of these new residents, and in attending to their needs. These immigrants find themselves in a very vulnerable situation. Added to the needs of any family group with very limited resources are the terms of being a foreigner in an environment in which the coethnic support networks are very scarce. The capacity of both rural councils and local social services to promote the social integration of the immigrants is very limited due to the lack of resources, and to the difficulties associated with the provision of social services in depopulated rural areas. Through in-depth interviews, carried out in a mountainous depopulated region in northern Spain, we analyse the discourses of mayors, social workers and members of civil organizations. The conclusions suggest that the construction of welcoming communities requires reinforcing the community dimension of social work in rural areas, and from an ecological perspective that enhances social participation and coordination among the social actors. Specifically directed initiatives are needed by means of cooperation among the different levels of government and between public and private actors.
Individual or Structural Inequality? Access and Barriers in Welfare Services for Women Who Sell Sex
Authors: Brunovskis Anette , Skilbrei May-Len
Published: September 2018

It is often taken for granted that women who sell sex are vulnerable, that welfare services can and should alleviate this vulnerability, and as such, being defined as ‘vulnerable’ can be beneficial and associated with special rights that would otherwise be inaccessible. At the same time, ongoing debates have demonstrated that establishing individuals and groups as vulnerable tends to mask structural factors in inequality and has negative consequences, among them an idea that the path to ‘non-vulnerability’ lies in changing the ‘afflicted’ individuals or groups, not in structures or in addressing unequal access to resources. In this article, we take this as a starting point and discuss challenges for the welfare state in meeting the varied and often complex needs of sex sellers. Based on qualitative research with service providers in specialised social and health services in Norway, we examine access and barriers to services among female sex sellers as well as how vulnerability is understood and shapes what services are available. An important feature of modern prostitution in Norway, as in the rest of Western Europe, is that sex sellers are predominantly migrants with varying migration status and corresponding rights to services. This has influenced the options available to address prostitution as a phenomenon within the welfare state and measures that have previously been helpful for domestic women in prostitution are not easily replicated for the current target population. A starting point in a theoretical understanding that considers vulnerability to be a human predicament (rather than the exception to the rule or a deficit in individuals or groups) allows for a discussion that highlights the centrality of structural conditions rather than a need for change in the individual. In order to understand the limitations of the welfare state in addressing modern prostitution as such, it is highly relevant to look at the structural origin of vulnerabilities that may look individual.
Users’ Choice in Providing Services to the Most Vulnerable Homeless People
Authors: Hansen Inger Lise Skog
Published: September 2018

Several municipalities in Norway have tried the Housing First model to facilitate permanent housing for homeless people with substance abuse problems and/or mental illness. This article discusses users’ experiences from receiving social support as part of the Housing First programme. In particular, the article discusses the users’ experiences with the model’s emphasis on users’ choice and self-determination. The analysis shows that what the programs practise is not entirely freedom of choice for the participants but a greater respect of the users’ knowledge, perspectives, and opinions as a starting point for interventions. The analysis shows that participants and staff engage in joint reflection work to help the participants take more reflected decisions in their life. The article discusses how this method can contribute to overcome a diagnostic approach to marginalised and often stigmatised users and provide more personalised and effective services. The discussions draw on data from an evaluation of two trial projects of the Housing First model. The article is mainly based on an analysis of 16 qualitative interviews with users that participated in the projects.
A regulamentação do ensino na Primeira República
Authors: Cordeiro Anna Gabriella de Souza , Stamatto Maria Inês Sucupira
Published: September 2018

Durante o período da Primeira República, muitas foram as transformações políticas, econômicas e sociais vivenciadas pelo Brasil e, consequentemente, pelo estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Neste momento, também a instrução pública sofrerá profundas alterações em sua estrutura, estas têm início a partir das reformas previstas pela Legislação Educacional. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a Legislação Educacional para entender a atuação do Estado na construção da cultura escolar através da regulamentação do ensino no período que compreende os anos de 1989 a 1930. Para a realização desta pesquisa, foi adotado o método de análise documental, com base na concepção de documento fornecida por Jacques Le Goff (1990). Para tanto, com relação às fontes históricas, esta pesquisa pauta-se na produção legislativa do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, no tocante à instrução pública. Ao estudar a História da Educação, Stamatto (2012) concebe a importância da legislação enquanto fonte histórica, por estes documentos permitirem a compreensão da implantação e das modificações das políticas educacionais. A legislação se consolida, segundo Thompson (1987), como um importante instrumento de mediação e reforço das relações de classe, ao mesmo tempo em que atua ideologicamente como legitimadora dessas relações. Na legislação encontram-se as pretensões referentes à constituição da própria sociedade e suas instituições, através de uma relação complexa e contraditória. A primeira lei educacional potiguar da era republicana foi sancionada em seis de maio de 1892, daí por diante, muitas foram as intervenções governamentais no ensino que se seguiram. Estes documentos abordavam diversas temáticas, tais como: a hierarquização/organização do ensino; o material didático a ser utilizado; a construção dos edifícios escolares; a higienização; a grade curricular; a inspeção; a criação de Grupos Escolares; dentre outras determinações.  Por fim, com base no estudo realizado, pode-se afirmar que o Estado atuou decisivamente na regulamentação da instrução pública, de modo a consolidar a cultura escolar no Rio Grande do Norte, em conformidade com os moldes propostos por Julia (2001).
Conflito em uma empresa do setor de moda
Authors: Cardoso Adam Marcos , Medeiros Emerson Gilmar Araújo de , Diniz Zirlene Santos de Oliveira , Brito Max Leandro de Araújo
Published: September 2018

A tomada de decisões certas e seguras mantém o equilíbrio nas empresas. Dessa forma o presente caso tem como objetivo abordar a importância de uma boa comunicação durante o processo de decisão em negociações da empresa Azê Confecções. O caso relata algumas experiências desagradáveis vivenciadas pelos colaboradores da empresa Azê, experiências essas que surgiram através de falhas na comunicação e busca pelo poder. Este estudo foi criado a partir de pesquisa feita na internet somada às situações ocorridas em empresas de conhecimentos de participantes do grupo. Os principais aspectos de gestão utilizados nos relatos são: falha na comunicação, conflitos e falta de planejamento. O caso pode ser recomendado para disciplina relacionadas a comunicação, liderança, negociação e planos de ações.
Ensino de cursos tecnológicos por meio de estilos de aprendizagem aplicados à estatística
Authors: De Souza José Ferreira , Junger Alex Paubel , De Souza José Felipe Ferreira , Amaral Luiz Henrique
Published: September 2018

O presente trabalho almeja responder à questão acerca de qual é a influência do conhecimento de estatística na aprendizagem sobre Cargos e Salários para alunos de um Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Gestão de Recursos Humanos em uma Instituição de Ensino privada da cidade de São Paulo? Com o intuito de responder a esta questão, foi estabelecido o seguinte objetivo geral: analisar conhecimentos básicos de estatística utilizados em sala de aula no estudo sobre pesquisa salarial e, de forma específica, entender os estilos de aprendizagem dos alunos, propondo ações alinhadas ao perfil de aprendizagem desses estudantes. No que se refere à metodologia, o presente artigo possui uma abordagem de cunho qualitativo, de ordem exploratório-descritiva, pois almeja-se obter definições, descrições, exposições e informações sobre uma circunstância, identificando as relações presentes entre os fatores que a compõem e os sujeitos envolvidos. Apesar da natureza qualitativa, foi utilizado também o questionário ILS – Index Of Learning Styles (Índice de Estilo de Aprendizagem), de Felder e Soloman (1991), para classificar os estilos de aprendizagem dos sujeitos envolvidos no trabalho e determinar os estilos de aprendizagem das duas turmas trabalhadas.
Perfil dos visitantes das cachoeiras Alta e do Patrocínio Amaro, distrito de Ipoema, Itabira (MG), como subsídio ao desenvolvimento turístico em bases sustentáveis
Authors: Brandão Júlia Maria Souza , Cordeiro Juni , Calazans Giovanna Moura , Santiago Graziele Lage Alves , Cordeiro José Luiz , Guimarães Juliana Caroni Silva
Published: September 2018

O turismo é uma atividade que provoca o deslocamento de pessoas pela busca do seu bem-estar, especialmente para os espaços que apresentam elevado valor ambiental. Neste sentido, o distrito de Ipoema, Itabira (MG) possui atrativos naturais que atraem os turistas para a região. Desta forma, este trabalho visou a análise do perfil dos turistas que frequentam as cachoeiras Alta e do Patrocínio Amaro, situadas nesta localidade. Os dados para esta pesquisa foram obtidos por meio de questionário, aplicado à 63 turistas que visitaram esses atrativos naturais entre junho e agosto de 2016. Notou-se que os turistas eram em sua maioria procedentes da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (MG), com idade superior a 25 anos e nível superior completo de escolaridade. Destaca-se ainda que uma parcela significativa dos turistas indicou que as taxas cobradas para acesso aos atrativos turísticos deveriam ser empregadas para a preservação dos locais, mostrando-se, de maneira geral, satisfeitos com os ambientes oferecidos. No entanto, apesar do nível de escolaridade observado, é comum a presença de resíduos sólidos deixados pelos turistas nos atrativos, destacando a necessidade da adoção de práticas de Educação Ambiental envolvendo os visitantes..