bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Fast Driving Control Technology of Electric-Control Injector for Marine High Pressure Common Rail Diesel
Authors: Kong Yan Feng , Ouyang Guang Yao , Liu Zhen Ming , Li Lu
Published: October 2014

Based on the analyses of the current solenoid valve driving circuits in marine diesel, a new type of dual-power double-maintain injector driving circuit is designed for marine high-pressure common-rail diesel. The circuit uses BOOST high voltage (80V) and storage battery low voltage (24V) to make up of dual-power time-sharing driver, which achieves automatic PWM feedback modulation of the solenoid valve injection current from the hardware. Experiments were carried out on a certain type of injector, the results showed that: the driving circuit had fast response time, only 0.045ms from zero to 22A of the solenoid valve current was required; the peak value of driving current has a good consistency, parameters including peakvalue current altitude, lasting time, maintain current altitude and maintain current lasting time could be adjusted flexibly. Besides, the circuit could be flexibly configured without occupying MCU resources.
Effects of Temperature on Mixed-Culture Fermentative Hydrogen Production from Corn Stover Hydrolyzate
Authors: Zhang Kun , Ren Nan Qi
Published: October 2014

Four commonly-used temperatures (37°C, 30°C, 55°C, and 70°C) were examined on mixed-culture H2-producing behavior with corn stover hydrolyzate as the substrate. Experimental results indicated that the optimum biogas (1505.7 mL/L) and H2 (717.2 mL/L) production was achieved at 55°C. For soluble metabolites, the highest acetate/butyrate concentrations and the lowest ethanol production were also found at 55°C. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was employed to analyze corresponding microbial community structure. At 55°C, most bacteria were identified as Clostridium spp., which might be responsible for higher H2 yield in this case. Totally, fermentation temperation of 55°C was probably preferable for H2 production from corn stover hydrolyzate.
Mechanism Analysis of a Boiler Economizer Corrosion
Authors: Xu Xue Xia , Li Wei Yong , Feng Yan Ting , Niu Xiao Guang , Wang Qing , Ouyang Jie
Published: October 2014

Reasons for boiler economizer tube corrosion were discussed based on results of macroscopic inspection, metallurgical microstructure examination, SEM and EDS fracture analysis. Results showed that the tube corrosion was due to sulfur corrosion that resulted in matrix exposure and led to further oxygen corrosion.
Economic Analysis of Water Source Heat Pump Using Thermal Power Plant Circulating Water Waste Heat
Authors: Sun Tian Yu , Zhang Jian , Wang Qing Yang , Ren Jian Xing
Published: October 2014

Using water-source heat pump for recovering waste heat of thermal power plant circulating water, mining of low grade heat energy. It can improve the power efficiency of comprehensive energy, but also can reduce the evaporation cooling water, the heat and moisture discharge to the environment. It has the economic, social and environmental benefits are very remarkable. Through the analysis of 600MW thermal power unit circulating water waste heat and calculation of water source heat pump heating, the feasibility of the water source heat pump technology in the recovery of power plant circulating water waste heat can be obtained.
Hydro Turbine Nonlinear Model Parameter Identification Based on Improved Biogeography-Based Optimization
Authors: Zhao Jie , Wang Li , Tang Yu Heng , Liu Di Chen , Sun Wen Tao
Published: October 2014

The nonlinear model of hydro turbine considering the elastic water column was proposed, and the improved biogeography-based optimization (IBBO) algorithm was applied to identify parameters of this model. The cosine species migration model and the elitist reservation strategy were introduced into the algorithm to improve operating efficiency. Based on measured data, comparison of the effects of different identification methods was presented, including the IBBO algorithm, genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The results demonstrated that the IBBO algorithm can be applied in parameters identification of hydro turbine nonlinear model, and it has the advantages of faster convergence and higher precision.
Simulation and Experiment of Residence Time Distribution in Short-Contact Cyclone Reactors
Authors: Zhang Yu Chun , Zou Wei
Published: October 2014

The Eulerian-Eulerian model and species transport method were used for the residence time distribution (RTD) predictions of the short-contact cyclone reactor. A video camera and colored particle tracer were employed in the experiment. The component concentration distribution and RTD characteristics were analyzed. The results indicate that the vacuum gas oil (VGO) and catalysts flow down spirally along the wall and the gasoline and dry gas are mostly in the central part, so the VGO has more contact time with catalysts than other gas components. The RTDs indicate that there exists vortex, backflow and other secondary flow in the reactor. The simulated results show a good agreement with the experimental data.
Floating Ring Balance Analysis of Journal Floating Ring Hybrid Bearing in Turbulent Regime
Authors: Guo Hong , Zhang Shao Lin
Published: October 2014

An externally pressurized deep/shallow pockets hybrid journal floating ring bearing compensated by flat capillary restrictor which can meet the need of high speed rotating machinery is presented in this paper. Bases on turbulent flow theory, the equations governing the flow of inner and outer fluid film in the journal floating ring bearing are established. The control equations together with the pressure boundary condition and the restrictor flow equation are solved by using the Finite Element Method. The balance of floating ring is achieved by adjusting ring-to-shaft speed ratio, inner film radial clearance and inner film eccentricity ratio. It can be seen from simulation results that the ring-to-shaft speed ratio and inner film clearance vary slightly and the floating ring can keep balance under different speed and eccentricity ratio. The variation of static and dynamic performance with eccentricity and rotational speed are calculated and analyzed based on floating ring balance.
Entropy Analysis of a R32/CO2 Cascade Refrigeration Cycle
Authors: Xiao Jian , Liu Ying Fu
Published: October 2014

In order to study the performance of a R32/CO2 cascade refrigeration cycle, entropy generation minimization method was adopted to get the influence of some important operating and design parameters on the performance of the system and entropy generations of each component and the whole system, such as the evaporating temperature(Te), the condensing temperature(Tk) and the temperature difference in the cascade condenser(ΔT). The results indicate that there are a maximum COP and a minimum total entropy generation of the system at the optimal condensing temperature of the cascade condenser when Te, Tk and ΔT are constant. The total entropy generations of the throttling device, the condenser and the compressor of HTC, the cascade condenser and the compressor of LTC are above 80% of the total entropy generation of the whole system.
Study on Mechanisms of Liquefied Corn Bran by FT-IR
Authors: Zhang Wen Ming , Li Wen Xiao , Li Na , Li Xiao Wei
Published: October 2014

Liquefaction is one of the useful and effective techniques for utilizing lignocellulosic biomass, expressly, heterogeneous catalytic liquefied technology receive ever-increasing attention due to the mild reaction, such as medium temperature, usually at 150°C, and atmospheric pressure. Based on lacking of enough understanding to the direct heterogeneous catalytic liquefied behavior of biomass and the impact caused by the ingredient of the liquefaction to the properties of the polymer, meanwhile, with lacking of enough theoretical support results in the liquefaction and the quality of its polymer product is not stable, this work gives out the studies of chemical structure and composition variation before and after corn bran liquefaction. The results show that lignin and hemicellulose are rapidly liquefied at the beginning of liquefaction, and cellulose, which is the main component of residue, is difficult to liquefy. The solvolysis and condensation reaction are occurred between the component of corn bran and phenol during liquefied process. The phenol is introduced into the structure of corn bran.
Simulation Study on Ventilation & Cooling for an Indoor Substation
Authors: Xu Rui , Mei Zhong Min , Yu Ting Fang
Published: October 2014

— Based on natural ventilation design scheme for an indoor substation, different air distribution schemes were obtained by changing height and size of air inlets and outlets. For indoor substation, three-dimensional simulation of air distribution was conducted by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. Ventilation & cooling effect of different indoor ventilation schemes were simulated with software (Fluent). By analyzing velocity fields and temperature fields, influences of different design parameters on safety and reliability of main transformer room of indoor substation were compared and analyzed in details. Additionally, characteristics and change rules of air distribution with different parameter variations were concluded. Considerations of ventilation organization design for main transformer room of indoor substation and recommendation for better air distribution schemes were provided. The research results also offered some guidance for design and renovation of ventilation & cooling projects of indoor substation.
The Application of Genetic Algorithm on the Regulation of Central Heating System
Authors: Zhang Lin Hua , Yang Dong , Liu Ling , Chen Ting Ting
Published: October 2014

For the operational optimization problem of supply temperature and flow adjustment (known as “quality-quantity” regulation) in district heating system.To meet user needs hot,an operational cost equation of primary network is set up, taking the supply water temperature and the water flux as variables. The optimization objective of this equation is to minimize operational cost.Based on the genetic algorithm,and finally get the optimal water temperature and water flux. Analysis the several regulation of supply water temperature and water flux, finally proposed heating system integrated regulation.
Baseline Load Models of Air-Conditioning in Commercial Buildings Considering Temperature and Seasons
Authors: Chen Lu , Yang Yong Biao , Shi Yuan
Published: October 2014

Accurate prediction of air-conditioning load is the prerequisite of commercial buildings actively participating in the operation of power grid. The strong correlation factors with air-conditioning load were analyzed in commercial building based on the empirical results, and a temperature sensitivity model of air-conditioning load was got. Considering the humidity, air-pressure and other seasonal difference, a correction sensitivity model with temperature and seasons is proposed. Finally the effectiveness of this model is validated by the calculation example of Shanghai Huitai Building.
The Ecological Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Architecture
Authors: Tan Fu Wei
Published: October 2014

There are many rich and plain ecological thoughts in Chinese traditional architecture commonly. The traditional buildings are well adapted to local geographical features, whether natural or cultural morphology. Affecting of traditional philosophy and ecological ideology, there are enough ecological spirits from the settlement pattern, architecture form, the construction method. Through the research of the ecological environment and ecological aesthetics of traditional architecture, people can look for a sustainable development of the environment for human survival way.
Building Electrical Design and Energy-Saving Measures
Authors: Fang Li
Published: October 2014

At present, building energy consumption is increasingly prominent. Energy conservation and emissions reduction have already become the hot topic in the whole society. It is imperative for electric energy conservation design to "saving energy and decreasing power consumption" . Efficient utilization of building electrical energy saving measures, will promote energy conservation and reasonable utilization, alleviate the contradiction between energy supply and economic development in our country, accelerate the development of circular economy and realize sustainable development in natural society. This article has carried on the research and analysis from the building power supply, distribution system, power system, electric lighting system and intelligent building technology. And some energy-saving measures on building electrical design are put forward.
Investigation Progress of Phase Change Building Materials
Authors: Ni Hai Yang , Zhu Xiao Qin , Hu Jin , Bie Yu , Chen Liang , Chen Li Meng
Published: October 2014

Phase change building materials are a category of building materials with the integration of structure and function, which can be achieved by phase change materials composite with the traditional building materials. They have such characteristics as the improvement of energy saving efficiency in buildings, the decrease of heating energy consumption and the adjustment of thermal comfort in the room environment etc. Therefore, phase change building materials are one of the most efficient means of energy utilizations, which has important significance for promoting their investigation and applications of energy saving in buildings.
Road Performance of Silane Coupling Agent Modified Rubber Concrete
Authors: Li Wei , Huang Zhen , Wang Xiao Chu , Zhang Jian Peng
Published: October 2014

Silane coupling agent can be built a "molecular bridge" between organic molecules and inorganic molecules on the rubber surface modification, the binding ability of rubber particles and cement based materials has increased, thus improving the mechanical properties of rubber concrete. Study on silane coupling agent dosage as cementations material quality of 0.5%, the modification effect of coupling agent on the rubber concrete, compared with changes in mechanical properties of unmodified rubber concrete, and analysis the test concrete fracture pressure ratio, using the ultrasonic detector to measure ultrasonic velocity in concrete, to calculate the dynamic modulus and study its road noise performance.
Study on the Dynamic Response of Prestressed Concrete Beam under Explosive Load
Authors: Wang Yu Lan , Li Yan Zhao
Published: October 2014

The dynamic performance of the 12m span prestressed concrete beam is analyzed by finite element method. Based on the finite element analysis, with the change of the peak dynamic load, the risetime of dynamic load and the reinforcement ratio of prestressed reinforcement, the change laws of mid-span maximum deflection and the maximum stress of prestressed reinforcement in prestressed concrete beam are studied. At the same time, have further understanding to the stress and deformation of the prestressed concrete beam under explosive load. It can provide references for study on dynamic performance of the prestressed concrete beam under explosive load.
An Improved Method of Firewall Policy Anomaly Detection Based on Decision Tree
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ma Yuan Yuan , Li Wei , Shi Jian , Wang Na
Published: October 2014

Anomalous access control policy on firewall reduces the efficiency of the equipment, thus affecting the overall security of the network. This paper introduces an improved method of firewall policy anomaly detection based on decision tree, by transforming all the firewall access control rules into a decision tree to store the information in a tree data structure, each rule corresponds to the only one path of the tree. The experiment results show that this method solves some shortcomings in the existing decision tree based firewall policy anomaly detection methods, avoids spending time on comparison of rules whose attribute domains are uncorrelated and traversal comparison of all rules, reduces its running time and improves the efficiency of anomaly detection.
Multi-Focus Image Fusion Based on Pyramid Decomposition
Authors: Dong Yu Bing , Li Ming Jing , Cheng Guang Liang
Published: October 2014

Image fusion algorithm is very important in image fusion process. Image fusion algorithm based on pyramid decomposition was reviewed in this paper. Pyramid decomposition algorithm mainly includes Contrast pyramid, Gradient Pyramid, Laplacian Pyramid and Ratio Pyramid. The fusion algorithms based on pyramid decomposition were respectively applied in multi-focus images, advantage and disadvantage were summarized and application was given. Fusion results were given by MATLAB simulation. Objective evaluation index including of mean, standard deviation, entropy and average gradient was calculated in this paper. Image fusion algorithm should be selected according to the information extracted and the aim of fusion.
Project Design on the Monitoring and Early-Warning of Pork Market in Beijing Based on Multi-Source Data Integration
Authors: Kong Fan Tao , Xu Shi Wei , Xu Ke , Shen Chen
Published: October 2014

The fluctuation of pork price has been the center of attention among residents in both suburban and urban Beijing. This study is based upon building a monitoring and early-warning system of pork market in Beijing, and is conducted through the following three aspects: (1) Study of the risk factors of the price fluctuations in Beijing pork market. The study will determine what the “risk factors” for the fluctuations are, through looking into the price fluctuations pattern within the past twenty years in Beijing’s pork market, as well as the influential factors for the pattern in both short term and long term. (2) Gathering multi-source data of pork supply and demand, and study of the integration technology. By gathering monitored data through multi-source collecting market, production and quarantine, the study gathers and organizes the collected data, and integrates the data into a collective multi-source data. (3) Building an early-warning model in the pork market in Beijing and visualized research. By using the early-warning theory method, the study builds an indicator system consisting of leading indicator, concurrent indicator and lagging indicator, and thus builds an early-warning system, calculates early-warning index, compares early-warning lines, determining an early-warning alarm, and realizing visualization through B/S structure as well as embedded development. The study intends to achieve three innovative goals: Revealing the price fluctuations pattern of the pork market in Beijing, and the risk factors in the market; building a real-time information monitoring place, and thus achieving the integration of multi-source data of the pork markets; building an early-warning indication system of Beijing’s pork market, and achieving the simulation as well as displaying of the early-warning index. This study has important meanings on guiding the pork production and consumption in Beijing.
Radon Transform Removes Correlation Noise Produced by Vibroseis
Authors: Wang Jun Qiu , Lin Jun , Gong Xiang Bo
Published: October 2014

Vibroseis obtained the seismic record by cross-correlation detection calculation. compared with dynamite source, cross-correlation detection can suppress random noise, but produce more correlation noise. This paper studies Radon transform to remove correlation noise produced by electromagnetic drive vibroseis and impact rammer. From the results of processing field seismic records, we can see that Radon transform can remove correlation noise by vibroseis, the SNR of vibroseis seismic data is effectively improved.
Reduction-by-Projection Method for Linear Programming Problems
Authors: Tong Xue , Wei Jun Qiang
Published: October 2014

This paper defines the projection of algebic systems, and studies the projecting algorithm for linear systems. As its application, a new method is given to solve linear programming problems, which is called reduction-by-projection method. For many problems, especially when the problems have many constraint conditions in comparison with the number of their variables, the method needs less computation than simplex method and others. The great advantage of the method is shown when solving the integer linear programming problems.
Study on Defogging Effect Evaluation Method in Atomization Image
Authors: Chen Zhen , Wu Fan
Published: October 2014

For the problems of few current defogging effect evaluation methods and limited evaluation methods, it proposes an image clarity effect evaluation method: the method combined with relative contrast and edge similarity. This is because: the contrast degree of fog image and non-fog image is obviously different. While improving image contrast degree, it should also try to make the edge structure of recovery image and reduced image consistent to prevent the recovery image from distorting. The experiment proves that this method can effectively evaluate the clarity effect of each algorithm, and the evaluation result and the subjective feelings of the human eyes are consistent. Compared with the existing evaluation methods, it obtains overall evaluation conclusion and also has a good practicability and reliability.
The Design of Library Management System Based on Internet of Things and Hand Lines Recognition System
Authors: Fang Wang
Published: October 2014

For an ordinary individual biometric systems and technology, such as fingerprint recognition, palm recognition, face recognition or iris recognition, or late detection from a single object has crippled so that they have the characteristics of unity and limitations, this paper combining fingerprint and hand palm pattern recognition technology, taking into account the complexity of the image pattern and diversity, we propose a dual recognition algorithm, which greatly makes up for lack of a single fingerprint or palm print recognition method. The technology used in library management system than traditional card-borrowed books have higher efficiency and save manpower and material resources. After the experimental statistics, and achieved the desired results, not only improve the recognition efficiency, but also to ensure the accuracy of the recognition performance.
Research and Application of Information Hiding Algorithm
Authors: Ma Xue Chao , Liu Yan Bo
Published: October 2014

Along with the development of the computer technology and the Internet, information hiding is given increasing attention. All kinds of the important information, such as government information, business information, personal privacy etc, should be transmitted safely. In the future, information hiding will play a very important role in the network to protect the information from damage. The content of this thesis is presented as follows: The analysis of the basic theory and concept of information hiding; The analysis and application of the space domain algorithms, transform (frequency) domain algorithm, etc focusing on the technology of digital watermarking, covert channel and anonymous communications. The theory of wavelet analysis and the experimental models are discussed deeply, basing on which the research and application of the wavelet is explored in the field of information hiding.
Application of Improved LMS Adaptive Algorithm in Acoustics Pyrometry
Authors: Zhang Shi Ping , Shen Guo Qing , An Lian Suo
Published: October 2014

Acoustic pyrometry is a comparatively advanced method of temperature measurement developed in recent years, which possesses the essential characteristics of traditional temperature measurement approach. Considering the interferences, like strong background noise, reverberation and so on, in boiler furnace, the LMS (least mean square) adaptive filter algorithm should be improved to meet certain environment above. In order to make the LMS algorithm have the characteristic of fast convergence and small steady state error, an improved, power-normalized and variable step-size discrete cosine transform LMS algorithm is proposed, which combines the power-normalized discrete cosine transform LMS algorithm with the variable step size LMS algorithm that uses the sliding forgetting-weighted window. The time delay estimation simulation in the strong-noise environment verifies the improved DCT-MVSS LMS algorithm can achieve good performance.
The Communication Research between PLC and PID Temperature Controller
Authors: Chen Chen , Chen Wei , Qiu Hua Dong
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the communication between PLC and PID temperature controller are researched. The asynchronous communication protocol of E909 is used to protect the data that transformed among the bus. The process of speaking, reading and writing of PV and SV value as well as the PID temperature controller communication combine no protocol communications is designed in this paper. At last the models are realized by programming. Experiments show the project we proposed can finish the data transformation in real-time without damage and lost.
Research on the Utilization of Renewable Energy in Tianjin
Authors: Tian Li Li , Wang Tian Tian , Guan Xiao Jie , Liu Zheng Bang
Published: October 2014

Development and utilization of renewable energy is very important for low carbon development in Tianjin. This paper analyzes the current use of solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass energy and other renewable energy in Tianjin, and discusses the problems and countermeasures. The findings show that the major weaknesses of renewable energy utilization in Tianjin include high cost, insufficient support from policies and regulations, weak public awareness of renewable energy use, and lack of comprehensive utilization of renewable energy. In order to advance renewable energy utilization in Tianjin, more efforts should be made to introduce advanced technology, develop creative talents, increase policy support, improve standard system, strengthen cooperation among various industries and departments, and produce appropriate propaganda to let public realize the real benefits and convenience of renewable energy utilization.
Structural Decomposition of China’s Energy Use during 2000-2011 with World Input Output Table (WIOT) Data
Authors: Liu Rui Xiang
Published: October 2014

By using world input output table data, this paper has divided the change of energy consumption into 5 effects: energy efficiency, intermediate input structure, export, investment and consumption. Results shows that the average growth rates of energy consumption embodied in consumption, investment and export during the analysis period are different. The evolution path of energy embodied in export and investment are almost the same during 2000 to 2007 and then dispersed because of global crisis in 2008. Changes of energy efficiency decreased the energy consumption in China while changes in production structure and total volume of final demands both contributed to the increase of China’s energy consumption.
The Research of Multiple Attribute Group Decision-Making Method Based on Cloud-PROMETHEE
Authors: Zhang Ying Peng , Gao Zhi Fang , Peng Ding Hong
Published: October 2014

For the problem of interval multiple attribute group decision-making, this paper studies the Cloud-PROMETHEE method. First, we can obtain the comprehensive weight. Second, we transform the interval decision matrix into cloud by cloud model because of randomness and fuzziness of date information. With the help of the PROMETHEE, we use overall priority index to determine the order of alternatives. Finally, an example concerns analysis, which is the risk analysis of planning process of new energy products, is given to show the feasibility and availability of the method.
Total-Factor Energy Efficiency and Influence Factors Analysis in Regions of China
Authors: Zhao Han Xin , Mu Hai Lin , Chen Xin , Han Xiao
Published: October 2014

This paper builds an input-output framework based on a data envelopment analysis (DEA) window aimed at exploring total-factor energy efficiency (TFEE) in 30 administrative regions and 6 areas across China from 2006 to 2012. In this framework, labor force, capital stock, energy consumption, CO2 emission are regarded as inputs, while gross domestic product (GDP) as the single output. The result indicates regions in East China and Mid South perform relatively higher TFEE especially Jiangsu, Guangdong which both obtain optimal efficiencies, while regions in Northwest have lower TFEE like Ningxia and Qinghai which TFEE lower than 0.55. But on the whole, 6 areas of China show increasing trends of TFEE during this period. Additionally, we conduct a regression analysis aimed at revealing influence factors of energy efficiency. We find properly adjusting industrial construction contributes the best for lifting TFEE, meanwhile, technology and economy size also have marked influences in raising TFEE.
Design of the Superconducting Excitation Winding for 12 MW Direct-Drive Wind Generator
Authors: Su Lu Shun , He Qing , Shi Jing , Ren Li , He Jie , Jin Tao , Zhou Shi Ping
Published: October 2014

Due to the high JC of the superconductor, the volume and the weight of the generator can be significantly reduced if the superconducting coils are used. This paper has designed a 40-pole racetrack excitation winding for the 12MW offshore wind turbines generator. The excitation winding are wound by Nb-Ti superconductor, running at the temperature of 4.2K. In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the magnetic field, some optimizers for the design of the excitation winding are adopted. As a result, the fundamental magnetic field at the air-gap center of the armature winding could reach 2.1T, thereby the 12MW power generation could be achieved.
Public Facilities Design in Sustainable Ways for Reconstruction Work of Yushu Area
Authors: Li Ang , Kan Shu Bin , Zhang Xin , Song Xin Yu , Zhang Shi Long
Published: October 2014

The region of Yushu has fragile natural environment. In 2010, it suffered severe damages caused by earthquakes. This paper subject, on the basis of status research of natural and cultural environment in Yushu area and urban public facilities across the world, is aiming at a design attempt of public facilities suitable for Yushu area under the guidance of sustainable-development design theory. After constructing computer models, we made physical models to further test the reliability of our scheme. The overall design acts according to circumstances, and makes it environmental friendly, developmental sustainable, economical, aesthetic, practical and reliable. We also added to our design some local characteristics to make it better integrate into the local natural environmental features so that it could be widely used. In the end, we summarized the pros and cons of the scheme through theoretical analysis of our design process, despite that, in June 2014, we had an on-the-spot investigation in Yushu, and according to its current state of development, we made outlooks of our further scheme practice.
Investment Control of Construction Project
Authors: Wan Ting Ting , Li Hui Min
Published: October 2014

The measures for effective investment control of construction project include: raise the scientific nature of feasibility study report, compile practical and feasible design task book, strengthen design bidding and quota design, optimize design scheme, compile scientific bidding documents, properly sign construction contracts, strictly control design changes, strengthen investment management of equipment and material, make good analysis on investment and budget, strictly control payment progress and quality, correctly prevent and treat claims, and carefully examine and verify quantities and costs.
Application of Research-Oriented Experimental Teaching in Biopharmaceutical Courses
Authors: An Li Ping , Xu Guang Yu , Han Xiao , Du Pei Ge , Wang Huan Qi
Published: October 2014

In this study, teaching contents and methods of bioharmaceuticals were improved, and a research-oriented teaching model was established. The teaching program was divided into three levels depending on the purpose of teaching and the teaching content of biopharmaceuticals was divided into three categories based on the level teaching objectives. Some visual and vivid multimedia coursewares were applied, the students were encouraged to participate in research activities, the writing of experimental reports was standardized, and the assessment of experimental examination was strengthened. The results showed that the reform of biopharmaceutical experiment teaching contents and method, the standardization of report writing and the improvement of experimental assessment should be helpful to stimulate the enthusiasm of students' autonomous learning, train the operational ability of students, cultivate their research thinking and provide an open and innovative research platform for the students. This may help students become biopharmaceutical research talents with a solid professional foundation, high overall quality and strong research capacity.
College Students' Innovative Thinking Ability Training Process and the Observation Result
Authors: Sun Ya Li , Yu Tian Rong , Wang Ji Hong
Published: October 2014

Objective In the process of improving college students' innovative thinking ability, Using the method of case writing standardization to promote college students' innovative thinking ability of ascension .Method: In view of the college of nursing level 2011 nursing undergraduate class (1.2) 76 students, 76 students as a group to take use of their spare time to participate in the writing process of standardized cases , And repeated modification, strict review, Finally through the teacher group carefully proofread and a series of writing process. This period of time for 3 months . Class 3 of 34 students as control group adopts the traditional learning style, After school time for autonomous learning ,Final for two class students the theoretical achievements of the paper comparative analysis .Result: Participate in the standardization of medical record writing students understanding ,application and cases analysis topic average score in the final internal medicine nursing papers, significantly higher than that of the control group students conclusion : Experimental cases of students through standardized writing process, greatly improve college students comprehensive analysis thinking ability , In the final examination paper understand applied exam scores are significantly higher than the control group, So is to participate in medical record writing process to exert positive effects on college students' innovative thinking ability training .
Study on Dispersed Wind Power Connected to Power Grid
Authors: Xu Wei , Xiao Xiang Ning , Zhou Zhi Chao
Published: October 2014

The necessity for grid codes of the dispersed wind power connected to power grid is described briefly and the definition of the dispersed wind power is discussed compared with the distributed wind power in China. Aimed at the dispersed wind power, the main technology indicators of wind power grid codes between Denmark (below 100kV), Germany (below 60kV) and China in aspects of access principle, connection mode, active power / frequency control, reactive power / voltage control, fault ride through and power quality are compared to provide reference for the modification and completion of the dispersed wind power grid code in China.
Study on Wind Power Heating Mode and Operating Characteristic
Authors: Zha Hao , Shi Wen Hui , Zhao Hong Bo , Wu Xue Chao
Published: October 2014

Wind power heating utilization had been studied in this paper. The wind power heating system basic principle, system architecture, operating mode and key characteristics were investigated. The significant matching capability between wind power output and electric boiler had been analyzed, and the wind power heating utilization will be suitable in regional area for improving the locally wind accommodation. Finally, the dispatching problem and suggestion of actual heating wind farm were put forward.
The Research of Wind Power Accommodated Capacity Based on Power Balance
Authors: Liu Zhi Jian , Chen Sha , Wang Pin
Published: October 2014

In recent years, the scale of wind power development is increasing in southwest. The space of power accommodated capacity has become an important factor in the development of wind power. Combining with the characteristics of the electricity market development in southwest, this paper uses the power balance to research the wind power admitting ability. By comparison, a forecasting method which is based on the gray method to forecast the minimum value of main net power is put forward. According to the characteristics of the supply and power balance in the region, the wind power admitting capacity is forecasted. Finally, after the actual simulation, compared with conventional forecasting the method is proved to have high precision and more accurate to predict the local wind power accommodated capacity.
Development of Solar Cell Module Cooling Device Using Coolant Circulation and Control System
Authors: Cho Yong Ki , Lee Jong Jo , Song Weon Jin
Published: October 2014

This research has recognized the problems of temperature rise in most solar cell (PV: photovoltaic) modules currently utilized. First, if the temperature rises to 70~80°C, it damages the white-pipe tempered glasses used on the module surface and reduces the module lifespan to a significant extent. Also, if the temperature is risen by 1°C, the modules excluding a thin film module would show efficiency degradation by approx. 0.45~0.55%. To address such problems, if a cooling system is used to lower the average temperature of the PV module, its lifespan and power generation amount increase. In order to maximize the power generation efficiency and cooling device usage by establishing a control system, this research seeks to explore the following goals.
Wind Power Development in Power Grid and Study on Dispatching Strategy
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Feng , Tang Lv
Published: October 2014

Firstly, This paper summarizes the development situation of wind power in China, and analyzes the operation characteristics of all types of generating units one by one according to constant speed constant frequency asynchronous wind turbine, double-fed asynchronous wind turbine and direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine. Then various effects of wind power integration on power grid are analyzed based on the actual situation of power grid. Finally, according to these effects, various measures of strengthening wind power integration management are proposed from management and technology levels. These measures are generally instructive and applicable to the same types of power grid with wind power.
Modal Research on the Low-Frequency Oscillation of AC/DC System with DFIG-Based Wind Farms
Authors: Wang Jing Biao , Abuduwayiti Xi Wang , Chao Qin , Luo Qing
Published: October 2014

Low-frequency oscillation characteristics of AC / DC system with DFIG-based wind farms were studied. Detailed mathematical pure AC and AC / DC system model were established by considering the effects of doubly-fed wind turbine model and DC transmission dynamic model to do small signal stability analysis. The computed results of small signal stability of DFIG-based wind farms integrating pure AC CEPRI36 nodes system or with DC transmission that operated in four connection modes including bipolar neutral grounding at both ends mode, monopole ground return mode, monopole metallic return mode , monopole and two parallel conductor mode with earth return were investigated by using modal analysis method. Then, the characteristics of local oscillation modes and inter-area oscillation modes were respectively analyzed under the two operation modes of the wind farm participating active power dispatching and reactive power dispatching and consequently some new conclusions were drawn.
Multi-Object Optimization Research about Wind/Solar Hybrid Generation System
Authors: Liu Zhi Huang , Liu Hai Yuan , Gao Xue Jun
Published: October 2014

Wind/solar hybrid system optimization is a key point for cost control. Here a multi-object optimization model is raised. Then a multi-object optimization method based on GA is used to find the Pareto solutions of wind/solar hybrid system. The test data shows that this method can get a good result.
Impact of Wind Farm Output Fluctuation on Static Stability of Grid
Authors: Yang Guang , Chen Bin , Jiang Hui Lan , Zheng Shuang Qi
Published: October 2014

With the expanding of the scale of wind farm, wind farm’s impact on power grid becomes more serious, which would cause a lot of problems. This paper mainly focuses on the static stability for the power grid containing wind farms. The static stability margins at different wind farm outputs are obtained using continuous power flow method. Their probability distribution is also obtained with wind speed’s Weibull distribution and the relation between wind speed and wind turbine output. Taking IEEE14 model with wind turbines connected as an example to analyze, the results have stated that wind farm output fluctuation has certain impact on the static stability of grid.
Development Prospect of Chinese Photovoltaic Industry with Scenario Analysis
Authors: Pan Lei , Xing Li Xian
Published: October 2014

Currently most researches on photovoltaic are for a single field such as market, policy and technology. This paper with scenario analysis method, considers the impact of various factors to build a variety of possible development scenarios. It forecasts the development trend of Chinese photovoltaic industry with situational analysis. And it raises suggestions of resolution for the different scenarios.
Safety Performance Evaluation of Nuclear Power Station Containment
Authors: Wang Yu Lan
Published: October 2014

Nuclear energy as an economical, safe and clean energy is being increasingly concerned, and nuclear power stations have also been widely built in the world. However, because of the impact from nuclear events, the safety of nuclear power station has been suspected by the public. First, the development situation of the nuclear power station in the world is described. Then the nuclear power station containment is introduced. Meanwhile, the safety performance of nuclear power station containment under external events are analyzed. Some advices on guaranteeing the security work of nuclear power station containment are given.
Study on a New Array of Oscillating Wave Energy Converter
Authors: Shao Meng , Shi Hong Da , Cao Fei Fei , Zhu Kai , Zhang Zheng Quan , Sun Jin Wei
Published: October 2014

The paper presents a new array of oscillating wave energy converter, which is in accordance with nowadays’ research tendency of China: high power, high efficiency, high reliability and low cost. The paper gives the design scheme and design parameters of the new wave energy converter. It's composed of the wave energy converter unit, which can be assembled to arrays based on demand. Besides, the paper analyzes the power generation principle and advantages of the device. The research results could be a reference for wave energy’s exploration and utilization.
Study on Operation Strategies of a Hybrid Ground-Source Heat Pump System with Surface Water Heat Exchangers for an Exhibition Building
Authors: Liu Yu Dai , Hu Guo Xia , Qu Yan
Published: October 2014

In this study, a hybrid ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system with surface water heat exchangers is employed in an exhibition building in Shanghai to provide with high-efficiency energy for space cooling and heating and also solve the problem of thermal imbalance of the soil because of a significant imbalance between the annual heat rejection to the ground and the annual heat extraction from the ground. The operation strategies were put forward based on the annual building hourly load to make the hybrid GSHP system in a high-efficiency status during the long-term operation. The results show that the hybrid GSHP system can effectively solve the heat accumulation problem and decrease in system performance for the ten-year long run.
Optimization Technique for Allocation Scheme and Hydro Power Plant Parameters with Respect to Regional Peculiarities
Authors: Sidorenko Gennady Ivanovich , Alimirzoev Artem Surenovich
Published: October 2014

The main ideas of optimization technique for allocation scheme and hydro power plant (HPP) parameters with respect to regional peculiarities are described in the article. The problem is discussed using rivers channel network. Energy, economic, social, ecological, water-energy and resource specific regional peculiarities are taken into account. Rivers channel network water energy cadastre calculations have been formalized. Algorithm for hydro power plant optimal location search and HPP number at rivers channel network have been developed. Main hydro power plant parameters are substantiated for each of numerous location variants based on formalized water energy calculations.
Applying Research on Campus Energy-Saving Power Monitoring System
Authors: Wei Li Ming , Xu Peng
Published: October 2014

Campus energy consumption takes up a large proportion of the total expenses of the campus. At the same time power consumption is emphasis. In the paper design of campus energy monitoring system and key technologies are demonstrated. The above-mentioned scheme is applied in a university in the north of China. The energy-saving measures are studied combined with the characteristics of the specific energy consumption.
Damper Optimization Design of High-Speed Energy Storage Flywheel Shafting with a Single Point Flexible Support
Authors: Tang Chang Liang , Han Dong Jiang , Yang Jin Fu , Dai Xing Jian
Published: October 2014

The flywheel energy storage technology is a new type of conversion and storage for electric energy, and it is also a research hotspot of energy field in the world. There are a large number of studies on dynamic characteristics of energy storage flywheel in recent years. The flexible support with a single point has small load-carrying ability but very low friction loss, which is appropriate to be used in small flywheel system. By using a small stiffness pivot-jewel bearing and an oil damper as the lower support of the flywheel, a high-speed flywheel shafting with a single point flexible support was built. The dynamic model of the shafting was obtained by means of the Lagrangian equation. Based on the same energy dissipation of oil damper and flywheel, the optimal equivalent damping of flywheel was determined. The optimization criteria for dynamic state and parameters between oil damper and shafting were also presented. The lower damper’s effects on the mode shapes, modal damping ratios and forced vibration were discussed.
Data Center Room Air Conditioning Energy Consumption Analysis
Authors: Song Li Fei , Li Tao , Li Qi Fen , Zhao Lin Hui , Zhao Xin , Zhang Lei , Zhao Jia Lin , Xu Jing Jing
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the Unicom's medium-sized IDC room in a city of northern China is the research object for the study. Based on field research of the room refrigeration conditions, data center room air conditioning system is carried out to optimize and for energy conservation research. Through the analytic methods of energy saving-technology, the best energy saving solutions is explored.