bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classification, thésaurus, ontologies, folksonomies : comparaison du point de vue de la Recherche Ouverte d’Information (ROI)
Authors: Zacklad Manuel
Published: August 2019

Cet article compare différents systèmes d’organisation des connaissances (classifications, thésaurus, ontologies formelles, ontologies sémiotiques, folksonomies) selon différents critères pour évaluer leur pertinence en regard de la Recherche Ouverte d’Information. This paper compares several Knowledge Organisations Systems (classifications, thesaurus, formal ontology, semiotic ontology, folksonomy) according to different criteria in order to assess their relevance according to Open Information Research.
CyberRight: Intellectual Property Rights in the Electronic Information Market
Authors: Olson Hope A. , MacPherson Lillian
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Exploring the Role of Medical and Consumer Articles in the Diffusion of Information related to Medical Change
Authors: Genuis Shelagh K.
Published: August 2019

Using content analysis, this study provides theoretical means for reconciling social network theory focusing on human influence in information use and behavior change, and current emphasis in medical fields on the principle role of published literature in guiding and changing clinical practice. Trust enhancing features within published articles are explored.En utilisant l’analyse de contenu, cette étude présente les moyens théoriques pour relier la théorie du réseau social en convergeant sur l’influence humaine de l’utilisation de l’information et sur le changement de comportement, de même que sur l’impact courant des domaines médicaux sur le rôle principal de la littérature publiée pour guider et modifier les pratiques cliniques. Les caractéristiques facilitant la confiance à propos des articles publiés sont explorées.
A Concise Review On The Role Of Author Self-Citations In Information Science, Bibliometrics And Science Policy
Authors: Glänzel Wolfgang , Debackere Koenraad , Thijs Bart , Schubert András
Published: August 2019

The objective of the present study is twofold: (1) to show the aims and means of quantitative interpretation of bibliographic features in bibliometrics and their re-interpretation in research policy, and (2) to summarise the state-of-art in self-citation research. The authors describe three approaches to the role of author self-citations and possible conflicts arising from the different perspectives.L’objectif de cette étude est de caractériser les effets de quantification comme appliqués dans la bibliométrie et leur interprétation en politique de recherche. Nous présentons un sommaire de la recherche en ce qui concerne le phénomène des auto-citations et nous décrivons trois possibilités d’expliquer les auto-citations aussi bien que les conflits qui résultent de ces points de vues.
An Investigation Into Factors That Affect Adoption and Diffusion of Innovations in Publishing and Librarianship: A Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Eger Arthur , Blackey Haydn
Published: August 2019

Getting innovations adopted is often difficult. Not because they lack obvious advantages, but because of the complex nature of the adoption and diffusion process. If everyone included in their strategy, the six elements of the ‘innovation diffusion mix’ identified in this study, adoption and diffusion would be much easier.Parvenir à adopter des changements est souvent difficile. Non pas que ceux-ci sont désavantageux, mais plutôt à cause de la nature complexe des procédures d’adoption et de diffusion. Si chacun pouvait inclure dans sa stratégie, les six éléments de « l’ensemble de diffusion de changements » identifiés dans cette étude, l’adoption et la diffusion seraient beaucoup plus facile à réaliser.
Children’s Web Portals: Are Adult Designers on Target?
Authors: Large Andrew , Beheshti Jamshid , Nesset Valerie , Bowler Leanne
Published: August 2019

This paper evaluates a web portal designed for elementary students not by adult professionals but by an intergenerational team of grade-six elementary school students and the researchers. The evaluation itself was undertaken by a focus group of six volunteer students. It is compared with the evaluations made by other student focus groups of web portals also designed for children but this time by adults.Cette étude évalue un portail Web destinés aux élèves de l'école primaire, conçu non par des professionnels adultes, mais plutôt par une équipe multi-génération rassemblant des élèves de sixième année primaire et des chercheurs. L’évaluation a été effectuée par un groupe de discussion composé de six élèves volontaires. Elle est comparée aux évaluations réalisées par d’autres groupes de discussion composés d’élèves et portant sur des portails Web pour enfants conçus cette fois par des adultes.
Infometrics and Music Information Retrieval
Authors: Downie J. Stephen
Published: August 2019

The use of informetric analyses has had profound effects on the development of powerful information retrieval systems. The informetric properties of melodies represented as simple collections of intervallic n=grams exhibit some remarkable similarities to the well-known informetric properties of text. Understanding these similarities can play a vital role in the creation of a successful. . .
Information Science: Synergy through Diversity
Authors: Ménard Elaine , Nesset Valerie , Mas Sabine
Published: August 2019

Proceedings of the CAIS/ACSI 2010 conference.
L'informatisation des infrastructures d’information documentaire : une perspective en terme d'arènes et de mondes sociaux
Authors: Bouchard Dany , Maurel Dominique
Published: August 2019

Dans cette communication, nous présentons la théorie des arènes et des mondes sociaux développée dans le domaine de la sociologie des sciences et des technologies. Nous discutons de la pertinence et la souplesse de cette approche sociotechnique pour penser autrement l’informatisation des infrastructures d’information documentaires.In this paper, we present the theory of arenas and social spaces developed in the field of science and technology sociology. We will discuss the relevance and flexibility of this socio-technical approach as an alternative way of rethinking the computerization of documentary information infrastructure.
Integrating Knowledge from Different Sources for Automatic Back-of-the-book Indexing
Authors: Da Sylva Lyne
Published: August 2019

The paper reports research on automatic back-of-the-book indexing. It presents a methodology which brings together knowledge from different disciplines. It is inspired by human indexing methodology and the results are more similar to manually-crafted indexes than those produced by previous automatic approaches. Issues of evaluation and applications are addressed.Cette communication présente les résultats de recherche sur l'indexation automatique de livres. L'étude propose une méthodologie qui rassemble des sources de connaissances provenant de disciplines différentes. La méthodologie s'inspire de l'indexation humaine et les résultats se rapprochent plus de l'indexation manuelle que les autres méthodes d'indexation automatique. Sont également touchés les enjeux d'évaluation et d'applicabilité.
Discourse, Identity, Practice: Analyzing Instruction Librarians’ Conversations About Information Literacy and the Social Web
Authors: Hoffman Cameron , Polkinghorne Sarah
Published: August 2019

Librarians communicate regularly on the Information Literacy Instruction (ILI-L) listserv about integrating the Social Web in their library instruction practices. Critical discourse analysis of these postings reveals a concern with control, which makes mastery of these technologies a priority, along with a fear in the profession of ceding pedagogical authority.Les bibliothécaires discutent régulièrement sur la liste de diffusion Information Literacy Instruction (ILI-L) de l'intégration du web social aux pratiques de formation documentaire de leur bibliothèque. Une analyse critique du discours de ces communications révèle une préoccupation par rapport au contrôle, faisant de la maîtrise de ces technologies une priorité, ainsi que la crainte d'une perte d'autorité pédagogique pour la profession.
Solitary Act and Social Interaction: Adults Reading Science Fiction and Fantasy
Authors: Kofmel Kim G.
Published: August 2019

Reading has the appearance of a solitary act, performed by individuals who separate themselves from the current world by immersion in the fictional world, yet participants in a LIS study of adult readers situate themselves and their reading a social context. Participants discussed their reading experiences against a backdrop of family, friends, librarians, teachers, co-workers. . .
Texting Home: Examining the Mobile Phone Practices of Student Newcomers to Toronto
Authors: McEwan Rhonda , Caidi Nadia
Published: August 2019

We investigate the roles that new media play in supporting the relationships of young people in their first-year of university in Toronto. We consider the experiences of domestic and newly emigrated students and their adjustment to life outside their home countries, focusing on the use of social technologies for adjustment.Cette communication examine le rôle des nouveaux médias comme point d'ancrage relationnel des jeunes étudiants universitaires de première année à Toronto. Sont prises en considération les expériences d'étudiants locaux et étrangers ainsi que leur ajustement à la vie à l'extérieur de leur pays d'origine, avec une attention particulière à l'utilisation de technologies sociales comme médiateur de cet ajustement.
Archives Ouvertes et Banques de Données Commerciales: Quelle Visibilité pour la Recherche en Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication?
Authors: Prime-Claverie Camille , Pouchot Stéphanie
Published: August 2019

Grâce à une étude quantitative de corpus textuels (notices bibliographiques), la recherche présentée propose de confronter la visibilité de la recherche en sciences de l'information et de la communication émanant d'une archive ouverte (@rchiveSIC) et d'une base de données commerciale (Francis).Based on a quantitative study of corpus (bibliographic records), this research confronts research visibility in information studies and communications disseminated through an open archives (@rchiveSIC) and a commercial database (Francis).
Ditch the Smileys: Customizing a Stopword List for Email-based Data
Authors: Rathi Dinesh , Twidale Michael B.
Published: August 2019

The study uses grounded theory approach to develop different categories of stopwords leading to the creation of a stopword list for email-based data. The finding of the study will contribute in better understanding of email as data and developing better algorithms which could automatically remove specific category of stopwords.Cette étude se base sur la théorie à base empirique pour développer différentes catégories de mots vides qui seront utilisés pour créer une liste aux fins d'analyse des données issues de courriels. Les résultats permettront une meilleure compréhension des courriels comme source de données et la création de meilleurs algorithmes de suppression automatique de catégories précises de mots vides.
Partnerships in the Successful Corporate Internet Programme: The Information Professional's Role
Authors: Jacobsen Della
Published: August 2019

Responsibility for a corporate Internet programme will typically go to an individual within the information services or computer resources group. The information professional given this responsibility must have the communication skills needed to forge effective relationships between a diverse array of individuals, functional work groups, and departments. The opportunity to establish effective working relationships is realized when common goals are shared, roles are defined, information is communicated, and conflicts are resolved.
SOS Calls, Breaking Stories, Network Disinformation, and the Process of Scholarly Communications: Implications for Information Intermediaries
Authors: Brown-Syed Christopher
Published: August 2019

No Abstract Available
Do Canadian Children Have a Right to be Intellectually Free?
Authors: McKechnie Lynne E.F. , Wilkinson Margaret Ann
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine some aspects of the issue of children's access to information through public libraries in Canada. Voluntary professional codes of ethics and intellectual freedom manifestos of the American and Canadian Library Associations, as well as current commentary and reported practices children's librarianship, were examined.
Children's Information Seeking Behavior: A Laboratory Versus an Operational Research Environment
Authors: Large Andrew , Beheshti Jamshid
Published: August 2019

This paper explores the issues involved in conducting research into the information-seeking behavior of young users in an educational context, and in particular discusses the relative merits of an experimental (in vitro) research environment compared with an operational (in vivo) environment. Research papers typically concentrate on the results generated by the adopted methodology. . .
Comparative Analysis of Competitive Intelligence Software Applications: An Examination of Some Value-added Processes
Authors: Bouthillier France , Shearer Kathleen
Published: August 2019

Competitive intelligence (CI) is an example of a particular set of information-related activities aimed at adding value to information to support decision making. There is a growing number of software applications aimed at providing assistance to organizations for implementing a CI system. An exploratory study was undertaken to compare selected CI packages to assess their value. A review of the literature led to the identification...
Consolidating Knowledge for Aggregated Enterprise in Tourism SMEs
Authors: Davenport Elisabeth , Taylor Katherine
Published: August 2019

The authors present the design and evaluation process for a prototype learning platform that can assist micro-organizations to work together in the interests of local or regional development. The prototype addresses important issues in knowledge management. These include ways in which the tacit knowledge of one group may be extended across other groups as a public good; the extent to which social learning may be 'engineered'...
Lorsque systèmes d'information Web et professionnels de li'information se rencontrent
Authors: Dufour Christine , Bergeron Pierrette
Published: August 2019

Les systèmes d'information Web (SIW) sont de plus en plus présents dans les organisations demandant un ensemble de compétences possédées par différents groupes professionnels. Cette communication a pour objectif de préciser (1) les compétences nécessaires à la conception, à l'implantation et à las gestion des SIW, et (2) la place des professionnels de li'information face aux SIW. Ces objectifs sont remplis par un examen de la littérature…
Organizing Knowledge = Organizing Data: Applying Principles of Information Organization to the Research Process
Authors: Given Lisa M. , Olson Hope A.
Published: August 2019

Organizing research data for effective analysis has been insufficiently addressed in the methodological literature. This paper proposes that principles of knowledge organization relating to relevance, precision, recall, exhaustivity and specificity offer a ready-made model that can be applied to research data. The primary example is drawn from qualitative research to demonstrate how the model can be reinterpreted for that context. Reference is also made to the model's transferability to quantitative and textual research.
Information and Technology for Human and Children's Rights
Authors: Halpin Edward F , Hick Steve
Published: August 2019

The research work underlying this paper has been undertaken over a number of years and resulted in the publication of the book 'Human Rights and the Internet', which provides a unique overview of the subject. This paper examines the use of information, using the application of the Internet and information and communication technology (ICT), in the context of human and children's rights and relates to two of the themes of the conference - technology and people.
Who is Entitled to be a Literacy Expert? Category Entitlements of Parents and Professionals in the Literature on Children's Literacy Learning
Authors: McKenzie Pamela J , Stooke Rosamund K.
Published: August 2019

This paper critically analyses representations of librarians, teachers and parents in texts pertaining to children's literacy development. Using Jonathan Potter's concept of "category entitlement," we discussed the ways that writers in both the library and information science (LIS) and education discourse communities represent particular groups of people as "literacy experts." We found that representations of librarians' and teachers' professional...
Mental Models and Information Retrieval: What Can Search Queries Tell Us?
Authors: Moukdad Haidar , Large Andrew
Published: August 2019

When information seekers use an information retrieval system their strategy is based, at least in part, on the mental model they have constructed about this environment. A random sample was gathered of more than 2000 actual search queries submitted by users to one web search engine. WebCrawler, in two separate capture sessions. The results suggest that a high proportion of users do not employ advanced search features...
HyWebMap: structurer l'information du Web
Authors: Papy Fabrice , Bouhaï Nasserddine , Saleh Imad
Published: August 2019

Les travaux réalisés par T. Nelson, J. Nielsen, J.P. Balpe, P.J. Brown, L. Conklin, et P.K. Garg, relatifs à l'Hypertexte, l'hypertextualisation, les hyperdocuments, les systèmes lecteur/auteur, les parcours de lecture, l'exploration documentaire,...ont apporté le contexte théorique dans lequel nous avons élaboré HyWebMap, notre système d'organisation de connaissances pour le Web. Depuis quelques années, las distribution de l'information...
A Knowledge Management Support Tool: Visualizing Design Activities
Authors: Sedig Kamran
Published: August 2019

As organizations try to become more competitive, their success depends on how they capture the strategies and activities that are embedded in their work processes. Some companies capture this knowledge in the form of narrative-based case studies and success stories. Computer-based visualization tools can assist this process. This paper presents and discusses a knowledge management support tool, UCD_Vis.
Technologies of Democracy: Participation and Access in the University Environment
Authors: Hall Stephanie , Caidi Naida
Published: August 2019

Although Canada globally ranks among the top ten countries for per capita Internet use (ITU, 2001; Statistics Canada, 2002), roughly one half of the population is till not online. The Canadian government has supported numerous initiatives aimed at bridging the 'digital divide' between technological haves and have-nots, recognizing, at the same time, that simple physical access to information. . .
An Evaluation of the Child Rights Information Network: Examining Information Management in a Global NGO
Authors: Halpin Edward , Khan Andrea , Reale Daniela
Published: August 2019

This paper relates to the conference program in the areas of access and international issues, providing a report on a funded research project undertaken in 2001 and 2002. The research project examined some of the challenges of managing increasing information flows in the child rights community, and represented a partnership between the Leeds Metropolitan University and the. . .
A Text Categorization Model Based on Hidden Markov Models
Authors: Yi Kwan , Beheshti Jamshid
Published: August 2019

The Hidden Markov model (HMM) has been successfully used for speech recognition, part of speech tagging, and pattern recognition. In this study, we apply the HMM to automatically categorize digital documents into a standard library classification scheme. In the proposed framework, A HMM-based system is viewed as a model to generate a list of words and each document is seen as. . .
Exploring the Depth and Breadth of The Digital Divide in Developing Countries: The Case of Pakistan
Authors: Zaidi Mosharraf
Published: August 2019

One of the primary tasks confronting governments, civil society and international agencies in developing countries continues to be a reduction in the level and incidence of poverty, as well as the gap between the affluent and the poor. This income and wealth "divide" is reflected in a spectrum of such additional indicator of the human condition as education, healthcare, and gender empowerment.
Work-to-Work Bibliographic Relationships from FRBR Point of View: A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Arsenault Clément , Noruzi Alireza
Published: August 2019

This study examines bibliographic relationships between Canadian publications published in 2009 available in AMICUS (Canadian National Catalogue). It consisted of categorizing bibliographic relationships in the taxonomy of work-to-work relationships available in the FRBR Final Report. The study indicates frequencies of occurrences of bibliographic relationships based on manifestations found in AMICUS.Cette étude examine les relations bibliographiques entre les documents canadiens publiés en 2009 et répertoriées dans AMICUS (le catalogue national du Canada). L’objectif était de catégoriser les relations bibliographiques suivant la taxinomie des relations entre une œuvre et une œuvre disponible dans les SFNB : Rapport final. L’étude présente les fréquences d’occurrences de relations bibliographiques selon les manifestations trouvées dans AMICUS.
Are Stereotypes Relative to Gender Usage Applicable to Virtual Worlds?
Authors: Choi Gilok , Chung Hyewon , Kima Yoonsook
Published: August 2019

Recent studies defy many of the common prejudices about game and online-community users. As an extension of the previous research, this paper looks at gender differences in Virtual Worlds and shows that female users are a driving force behind the recent success of online communities.De récentes études ont remis en question des idées reçues sur les joueurs de jeux vidéo et les communautés en ligne. En continuité d’études précédentes, cette communication explore les différences de sexe dans les mondes virtuels et démontre que les femmes sont la force motrice du récent succès des communautés en ligne.
Inter-organizational Knowledge Management Within an NGO Community: A Pilot Study of a Unique Knowledge Sharing Structure
Authors: Lucky Shannon , Albrecht Brad , Rathi Dinesh
Published: August 2019

Knowledge management principles have traditionally been derived from for-profit organizations but are increasingly being utilized to support the success of non-profits organizations (NPOs). This pilot study examines the knowledge needs of a group of Alberta-based NPOs linked by a hub organization whose purpose is to facilitate knowledge sharing within this community.Les principes de gestion des connaissances sont habituellement issus des organisations à but lucratif, mais sont de plus en plus utilisés pour accroître le succès des organisations à but non lucratif (OBNL). Cette étude pilote examine les besoins en savoir d’OBNL albertaines regroupées sous une même organisation mère dont le but est la diffusion du savoir dans la collectivité.
Du papier au numérique : étude exploratoire des usages des collections de presse ancienne et des pratiques afférentes
Authors: Paganelli Céline , Mounier Evelyne , Pouchot Stéphanie
Published: August 2019

Notre recherche vise à mieux cerner et comparer les usages des collections de presse ancienne papier et numérisée. Elle s'appuie sur les collections de journaux du XIXe siècle de la bibliothèque municipale de Lyon et appréhende les pratiques de ces lecteurs en matière de recherche d'information et de consultation. The goal of our research is to better identify and understand the use of old print collections in paper and electronic formats. Work is based on newspaper collections from the 19th century held at the Lyon public library and reports on readers’ information-seeking and consultation practices.
Exploring the Settlement Experiences and Information Practices of Afghan Newcomer Youth in Toronto
Authors: Quirke Lisa
Published: August 2019

This study examines the settlement experiences and information practices of recently-arrived Afghan immigrant and refugee youth in Toronto. As part of this ethnographic study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven Afghan youth between the ages of 18 and 28 who had lived in Canada for less than 10 years.Cette étude examine l’expérience d’emménagement et les pratiques informationnelles de jeunes immigrants et réfugiés afghans nouvellement établis à Toronto. Dans le cadre de cette étude ethnographique, des entrevues semi-structurées ont été effectuées auprès de sept jeunes afghans de 18 à 28 ans, établis au Canada depuis moins de 10 ans. ***Student to CAIS/ACSI Award Winner******Full paper in the Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science***
Exploring Kenyan Women University Students’ Everyday Interaction with Information
Authors: Shannon Brooke
Published: August 2019

A social constructionist methodology was used to explore how Kenyan women university students interact with information in everyday life. Focus was on how participants interpret experiences within the historical, cultural, and material spaces they inhabit. Methods used were linguistics pragmatics, phenomenology, and hermeneutics. Conceptual implications for information literacy are discussed.Une méthodologie sociale constructioniste est utilisée pour explorer comment les étudiantes universitaires kenyanes interagissent avec l’information au quotidien. Nous avons insisté sur les façons dont les participantes interprètent leurs expériences dans les espaces historiques, culturels et matériels où elles habitent. Les méthodologies utilisées comprennent la pragmatique linguistique, la phénoménologie et l’herméneutique. Nous discutons finalement de leurs implications sur la maîtrise de l’information.
Social Discovery Tools: Cataloguing Meets User Convenience
Authors: Spiteri Louise F.
Published: August 2019

The paper discusses (a) the ethical dimensions of creating catalogue records to reflect user convenience, (b) the relationship between culture and user convenience, and (c) how social discovery tools can facilitate the creation of interactive and flexible catalogue records that reflect the culture(s) and needs of their library communities.Cet article traite (a) des dimensions éthiques de la création de notices bibliographiques pour refléter l’utilité perçue par les usagers, (b) des relations entre la culture et l’utilité perçue par les usagers et (c) des moyens pour les outils de découverte sociaux de faciliter la création de notices bibliographiques interactives et flexibles reflétant la ou les cultures et les besoins de l’ensemble des usagers de la bibliothèque.
Interacting with Information in a Digital Place: Information Practices in World of Warcraft
Authors: Whippey Caroline
Published: August 2019

This study examines the ways in which users interact with information in the video game World of Warcraft. Utilizing data gathered through participant observation and the recording of public chat, this presentation explores how information is presented as well as how players seek, share, and utilize the information they encounter.Cette étude examine l’interaction des usagers avec l’information dans le jeu vidéo World of Warcraft. L’analyse de données recueillies par l’observation des participants et l’enregistrement de séances de clavardage publiques permet d’explorer comment l’information est présentée et comment les joueurs recherchent, partagent et utilisent l’information qui leur est présentée.
Consumer Health Websites and Behavioural Tracking
Authors: Burkell Jacquelyn , Fortier Alexandre
Published: August 2019

This project examines behavioural tracking on consumer health websites recommended by LIS practitioners and returned by Google searches for the most commonly searched conditions. Analysis shows that over half of the .com sites in these groups employ tracking technologies that aggregate information across websites to assemble detailed profiles of users.Ce projet examine le suivi comportemental par rapport aux sites Web sur la santé des consommateurs recommandés par les professionnels de la BSI et retournés lors d’une recherche sur Google, pour les problèmes de santé les plus couramment recherchés. L’analyse montre que plus de la moitié des sites .com dans ces groupes utilisent des techniques de suivi pour recueillir de l’information à partir des sites Web et ainsi assembler un profil détaillé de l’utilisateur.
How Malleable is the ‘Gold Standard’?: A Case Study in Respect of South Africa’s Access to Information Regime
Authors: Peekhaus Wilhelm
Published: August 2019

This paper examines the difficulties encountered by Biowatch, a South African civil society environmental organisation, in its attempts to obtain access to government information in respect of genetically engineered plants. The elaboration of the case is based on interviews conducted with the Director of Biowatch and the organisation’s legal counsel.Cette communication porte sur les difficultés rencontrées par Biowatch, une organisation environnementale de la société civile sud-africaine, lors de ses tentatives d’obtenir accès aux données gouvernementales relativement aux plantes issues du génie génétique. L’élaboration du cas se base sur des entrevues menées auprès du directeur de Biowatch et le conseiller juridique de l’organisation.
Exploring library and information experiences of Arab students studying in the United States
Authors: Stewart Kristine
Published: August 2019

This paper is an exploration of past and present experiences Arab students studying in the United States have encountered while accessing information. How these experiences, both in their home countries and in the US, have influenced their perceptions of information and libraries and personal and professional lives are also discussed.Cette communication se veut une exploration des expériences passées et présentes des étudiants arabes qui étudient aux États-Unis lorsqu’ils accèdent à de l’information. On y discute de comment ces expériences, à la fois dans leur pays d’origine et aux États-Unis, ont influencé leur perception de l’information et des bibliothèques ainsi que leurs vies personnelles et professionnelles.
A Discretization-Hierarchization Approach to Information Management -- Implications for Digital Earth
Authors: Suteanu Christian
Published: August 2019

The paper addresses ways of supporting the Digital Earth project. Highlighting the merits of discretization and analyzing classification-hierarchization operations as forms of discretization, it shows that their rigidity and inertia with respect to change stand in contrast to the flexibility required by Digital Earth, and proposes a path towards solutions.Cette communication présente des façons d’appuyer le projet Digital Earth. En mettant en lumière les mérites de la discrétisation et de l’analyse des opérations de classification et d’hiérarchisation comme forme de discrétisation, cela démontre leur rigidité et leur inertie relativement au changement, qui s’oppose à la flexibilité requise par Digital Earth. Quelques pistes de solutions seront proposées.
Situating Information Spaces: The “Office Continuum”
Authors: Thomson Leslie
Published: August 2019

This paper introduces the “office continuum” to the Information Science (IS) field. The “office continuum” is an original conception that situates various spaces wherein individuals’ professional and non-professional information practices occur, and it highlights significant gaps in the current canon of information-behaviour research. One small-scale study centred upon professional home offices, neglected spaces along the “continuum,” is described in order to illustrate the concept’s application.Cette communication introduit le « continuum du bureau » au domaine des sciences de l’information. Le « continuum du bureau » est un concept original qui situe différents espaces dans lesquels se déroulent les pratiques informationnelles professionnelles et non professionnelles d’une personne, et met en lumière des écarts important dans le paradigme actuel de la recherche des comportements informationnels. Une petite étude centrée sur le bureau à domicile de professionnels, espace négligé dans le « continuum », illustre l’application du concept.
Exploring the Information Context at the Pride Library at the University of Western Ontario
Authors: Cooper Danielle
Published: August 2019

This poster examines the unique information context fostered at the Pride Library at the University of Western Ontario, focusing on patrons and patron activities. From January to April 2011, the researcher conducted ethnographic research at the Pride Library including: participant observation, unobtrusive observation, semi-structured interviews and photography.Cette affiche examine le contexte d’information unique qu’offre la bibliothèque Pride à l’University of Western Ontario, en se concentrant sur les usagers et leurs activités. De janvier à avril 2011, les chercheurs ont mené une étude ethnographique à la bibliothèque, comprenant l’observation des usagers, l’observation non intrusive, des entrevues semi structurées et des photographies.
Too Taboo? Examining Sex in LIS Education Texts
Authors: Hill Heather , Harrington Marni
Published: August 2019

This paper examines the LIS teaching literature to understand how sexually-related materials are framed. The definitions utilized in the teaching literature provide a unique perspective on which to examine the treatment of controversial materials written for library education. Our findings indicate that, in many resources, sex is conspicuously absent.Cette communication examine la littérature utilisée dans l’enseignement des BSI afin de comprendre comment le matériel sexuel est présenté. La définition utilisée dans la littérature pédagogique offre une perspective unique pour examiner le traitement de documents controversés rédigés pour la formation bibliothéconomique. Les résultats indiquent que, dans plusieurs ressources, le sexe est manifestement absent.
Math Graduate Students’ Information Behavior and Their Need for Information Literacy Instruction
Authors: Li Ping
Published: August 2019

This longitudinal study aims at finding out the information behavior of math graduate students at different stages of their programs. Data will be collected via semi-structured interviews, diaries and direct observations. Findings are expected to throw light on the designing of an effective instructional program for this group of users.Cette étude longitudinale a pour objectif de déterminer le comportement informationnel des étudiants en mathématiques de cycles supérieurs à différentes étapes de leur programme. Les données seront recueillies au moyen d’entrevues semi structurées, de journaux et d’observation directe. Les résultats devraient éclaircir la conception d’un programme d’enseignement efficace pour ce groupe d’utilisateurs.
What I See and What You Read: A Narrative of Interdisciplinary Research on a Common Digital Object
Authors: Desrochers Nadine , Tomaszek Patricia
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the dual narrative of a shared research combining approaches from LIS and literature studies. Content and textual analyses of the digital novel The Unknown help identify areas of common interest, such as genesis and access. Interdisciplinary issues, such as methodology and reporting styles, are also addressed.Cette communication présente la bi-narration d'une étude partagée combinant des approches des sciences de l'information et des études littéraires. Des analyses de contenu et textuelles du roman numérique The Unknown aident à relever les zones d'intérêts communs, notamment la genèse et l'accès. Les questions d'interdisciplinarité, telles que la méthodologie et le style, seront aussi abordées.
Tools of Engagement for Knowledge Management: Using Social Media to Capture Non-Profit Organizations' Stories
Authors: Forcier Eric , Rathi Dinesh , Given Lisa
Published: August 2019

Presents results from qualitative interviews with individuals working in non-profit organizations near Edmonton, Alberta. The findings point to the importance of stories as information sources used within the organizations, with social media playing a key role in capturing those stories and engaging with the community.Seront présentés les derniers résultats d'entrevues qualitatives auprès d'individus travaillant pour une organisation à but non lucratif près d'Edmonton, en Alberta. Les résultats démontrent l'importance de l'histoire comme source d'information importante au sein des organisations et les médias sociaux jouent un rôle clé dans la capture de ces histoires et l'engagement avec la communauté.
Unstructured English Queries: How Users Request Information
Authors: Keene Carol A.
Published: August 2019

From the 1994 CAIS Conference: The Information Industry in Transition McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. May 25 - 27, 1994.Presented with the task of locating needed information in on-line, full-text documentation, users must express queries in the language of the retrieval system. Many of these query languages are based on Boolean logic or restricted natural language syntax, and users find it difficult to express information needs. Experiments conducted at the University of Colorado asked participants to enter English queries to locate information needed to solve problems ranging from very specific to very general ones. No restrictions were placed upon grammar or vocabulary. The collected queries were very short, telegraphic in style, used few verbs, and contained frequently occurring terms from stored vocabulary. There were no statistically significant differences in query contents based upon a participant's knowledge of the topic or English communication skills.
Modelling Information Retrieval in an Object-Oriented Database Environment
Authors: Nelson Michael J.
Published: August 2019

From the 1994 CAIS Conference: The Information Industry in Transition McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. May 25 - 27, 1994.Bibliographic or full text information retrieval (IR) applications have been implemented either as special purpose programs or as systems based on database technology. The relational model has been used with some success but most work has used separate IR specific models. The object-oriented data model offers many advantages by incorporating documents as complex objects. Basic concepts such as objects, class hierarchy, inheritance, aggregation, collections and methods are applied to the IR situation. Various approaches to query processing are introduced. To illustrate these concepts a partial implementation in object-Pascal is presented. Problems of standardization and formalization are discussed.
Desperately Seeking Karla: The Case of alt.fan.karla.homolka
Authors: Shade Leslie Regan
Published: August 2019

From the 1994 CAIS Conference: The Information Industry in Transition McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. May 25 - 27, 1994.This paper discusses the debates and unanticipated consequences of the recent media ban instituted in the Karla Homolka trial in Southern Ontario. The issue of censorship versus free speech; electronic access to information surrounding the case and trial; legal differences between traditional print and broadcast media versus computerized media; and differing notions of free speech in the United States and Canada are examined. The Homolka case challenges information professionals in learning how to respond and formulate policies that deal with the growing complexity, in both social and legal terms, of new multi-media forms of communication.
Connecting the North Country: An Information Infrastructure for Manufacturing in Rural New York State
Authors: Slater Jonathan R.
Published: August 2019

From the 1994 CAIS Conference: The Information Industry in Transition McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. May 25 - 27, 1994.No abstract available
Magnitude Feedback During Database Searching
Authors: Spink Amanda
Published: August 2019

From the 1994 CAIS Conference: The Information Industry in Transition McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. May 25 - 27, 1994.This  paper reports initial results from a study of magnitude feedback during database searching, including: (1) the frequency of magnitude feedback occurrences during 40 mediated database searches, (2) the user and search intermediary magnitude feedback behavior, and (3) the number of postings which leads to the completion of a cycle and the display of retrieved items. Feedback has been identified as an important but little researched element of database searching (Spink, 1993a). Results indicate that magnitude feedback occurred frequently during the mediated database searches with different patterns of magnitude feedback behaviour by users and search intermediaries.
Traditional versus Blogosphere Information Landscapes: The Case of Diabetes and HbA1c
Authors: Black Fiona , Amos Kathleen , Boyd Michael , Nielson Ron , Theoret Claude
Published: August 2019

This paper compares two information landscapes in relation to an important measurement – glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) – in the management of diabetes. Quantitative and qualitative analyses, including visualizations with lexical maps, facilitate new understandings about peer-reviewed research and the blogosphere in the evolution of physician knowledge and public opinion.Cet article compare deux paysages de l'information en relation avec une mesure importante, l'hémoglobine glyquée (HbA1c), dans la gestion du diabète. Des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives, y compris la visualisation avec cartes lexicales, permettent une nouvelle compréhension de la recherche arbitrée et de la blogosphère dans l'optique de l'évolution des connaissances des médecins et de l'opinion du public.
Negotiating the Social Organization of School Library Work: An Institutional Ethnography
Authors: Crispin Jennifer
Published: August 2019

This institutional ethnography starts from the standpoint of a school librarian to examine how school library work is coordinated and explained by social institutions. Areas of focus include the work of accounting for materials, the work of accounting for students, and the work of understanding and negotiating schedules.Cette ethnographie institutionnelle s'appuie sur le bibliothécaire en milieu scolaire et examine comment les institutions sociales coordonnent et justifient le travail au sein de la bibliothèque scolaire. Les points à l'étude comprennent : les efforts de justification du matériel, les efforts de représentation des étudiants et les efforts de compréhension et de négociation des horaires.
Health Information Online: An Examination of Consumers’ Experiences in Managing Complex Health Regimes
Authors: Given Lisa M , Ruecker Stan , King Martina , Lang Moyra , Slade Myra
Published: August 2019

This paper reports on a study designed to build and test a health information system relevant to Canadian consumers’ information needs. The results of 15 qualitative interviews outline key issues that inform the delivery of online health information in a global context and the design of effective web tools.Cet article porte sur une étude conçue pour élaborer et tester un système d'information pertinent pour les besoins informationnels des consommateurs canadiens. Les résultats de 15 entrevues qualitatives mettent en évidence les enjeux clés de la prestation de renseignements sur la santé en ligne dans un contexte global et de la conception d'outils Web efficaces.
Bridging Before and After: Library Science’s Soviet Legacy in Ukraine
Authors: Haigh Maria
Published: August 2019

My paper examines the current state of library and information science in Ukraine, framing this in the context of its historical legacy as a part of the former Soviet Union. It is based on extensive research using Ukrainian, English and Russian sources as well as considerable time spent observing conditions in Ukraine and interviewing local librarians and information science educators across the country as part of my Fulbright fellowship there.Cet article examine l'état actuel de la bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information en Ukraine, dans le contexte de l'héritage historique de cette ancienne république soviétique. Mes travaux se basent sur une recherche exhaustive de sources en ukrainien, en anglais et en russe, ainsi que sur de nombreuses d'heures d'observation des conditions en Ukraine et d'entrevues avec des bibliothécaires et des éducateurs en sciences de l'information de partout au pays. Cette étude est rendue possible grâce à une bourse de recherche de la Fondation Fulbright.
Information Literacy Learning Outcomes: Critical Factors in the Learning Environment
Authors: Julien Heidi , Detlor Brian , Serenko Alexander , Willson Rebekah , Lavallee Maegan
Published: August 2019

A significant challenge facing Canadian business schools is how best to work with librarians to incorporate information literacy instruction in curriculum and program designs. This study addresses the question: what is the interplay between factors of the learning environment and information literacy program components on business student learning outcomes?La meilleure façon de travailler conjointement avec les bibliothécaires dans le but d’intégrer les compétences informationnelles aux cours et aux programmes d’études constitue un défi important pour les écoles de gestion au Canada. Cette étude répond à la question suivante : Quelle est l’interaction entre les facteurs que sont l’environnement d’étude et les composantes de programmes de compétences informationnelles sur les résultats d’apprentissage des étudiants en gestion?
Mapping the Informing Relationship: Pregnant Women’s Representations of Midwives as Information Sources
Authors: McKenzie Pamela J.
Published: August 2019

Caring relationships are recognized as important resources for information seekers. I consider how nine pregnant women map their relationships with their midwives as they evaluate them as information sources. Data come from interviews. Women described the relationship as a trajectory, beginning with the “idea” of a midwife. As women get to know their midwife, they are able to draw on a set of resources, including the relationship itself, as informative. These resources are not static but are re-negotiated on an ongoing basis. A single encounter therefore maps both to the trajectory of the relationship and to a broader discursive community.Les relations bienveillantes sont reconnues comme ressources importantes pour ceux qui cherchent de l'information. En analysant les données de neuf entrevues, je tenterai de déterminer comment neuf femmes enceintes se représentent leur relation avec leur sage-femme vue comme source d'information. Les femmes décrivent leur relation comme une trajectoire qui s'appuie sur « l'idée » qu'elles se font d'une sage-femme. Au fur et à mesure que la relation avec leur sage-femme évolue, les femmes peuvent se prévaloir d'un ensemble de ressources informatives, y compris la relation elle-même. Ces ressources ne se veulent pas statiques, mais bien renégociées de façon continue. Une rencontre unique représente alors la trajectoire d'une relation ainsi que d'une communauté discursive.
The Influence of Washington’s Farewell Address on the American Intellectual Property Debate in the Late 19th Century
Authors: McNally Michael B.
Published: August 2019

A content analysis of the Congressional Record and U.S. diplomatic correspondences relating to the negotiation of the Paris and Berne Conventions in the late 19th century reveals that American officials advanced business interests in accordance with Washington’s Farewell Address ahead of the constitutional mandate to promote the arts and sciences.Une analyse de contenu du Congressional Record et de la correspondance de la diplomatie américaine concernant la négociation des Conventions de Paris et de Berne à la fin du XIXe siècle révèle que les haut responsables américains ont fait passer les intérêts commerciaux des États-Unis, conformément au discours d’adieu de Washington, devant le mandat constitutionnel de promouvoir les arts et les sciences.