bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ion-beam assisted sputtering of titanium nitride thin films
Authors: Draher Timothy , Polakovic Tomas , Li Juliang , Li Yi , Welp Ulrich , Jiang Jidong Samuel , Pearson John , Armstrong Whitney , Meziani Zein-Eddine , Chang Clarence , Kwok Wai-Kwong , Xiao Zhili , Novosad Valentine
Published: April 2023

Titanium nitride is a material of interest for many superconducting devices such as nanowire microwave resonators and photon detectors. Thus, controlling the growth of TiN thin films with desirable properties is of high importance. This work aims to explore effects in ion beam-assisted sputtering (IBAS), were an observed increase in nominal critical temperature and upper critical fields are in tandem with previous work on Niobium nitride (NbN). We grow thin films of titanium nitride by both, the conventional method of DC reactive magnetron sputtering and the IBAS method, to compare their superconducting critical temperatures $$T_{c}$$

T
c

as functions of thickness, sheet resistance, and nitrogen flow rate. We perform electrical and structural characterizations by electric transport and x-ray diffraction measurements. Compared to the conventional method of reactive sputtering, the IBAS technique has demonstrated a 10% increase in nominal critical temperature without noticeable variation in the lattice structure. Additionally, we explore the behavior of superconducting $$T_c$$

T
c

in ultra-thin films. Trends in films grown at high nitrogen concentrations follow predictions of mean-field theory in disordered films and show suppression of superconducting $$T_c$$

T
c

due to geometric effects, while nitride films grown at low nitrogen concentrations strongly deviate from the theoretical models.
Exchange bias effect in polycrystalline Bi0.5Sr0.5Fe0.5Cr0.5O3 bulk
Authors: Li S. Z. , Rahman A. , Ma C. L. , Zhao X. , Sun Z. Y. , Liu M. F. , Wang X. Z. , Xu X. F. , Liu J. M.
Published: April 2023

Bulk Bi0.5Sr0.5Fe0.5Cr0.5O3 (BSFCO) is a new compound comprising the R3c structure. The structural, magnetic property and exchange bias (EB) details are investigated. The material was in the super-paramagnetic (SP) state at room temperature. Exchange bias usually occurs at the boundary between different magnetic states after field cooling (HFC) acts on the sample. Here the result shows that changing HFC from 1 to 6 T reduces the HEB value by 16% at 2 K at the same time. Meanwhile, HEB diminishes as the ferromagnetic layer thickness increases. The variation of (the thickness of ferromagnetic layer) tFM with the change of HFC leads to the tuning of HEB by HFC in BSFCO bulk. These effects are obviously different from the phenomenon seen in other oxide types.
Results and lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER metagenomics diagnostics for inflammatory bowel disease challenge
Authors: Khachatryan Lusine , Xiang Yang , Ivanov Artem , Glaab Enrico , Graham Garrett , Granata Ilaria , Giordano Maurizio , Maddalena Lucia , Piccirillo Marina , Manipur Ichcha , Baruzzo Giacomo , Cappellato Marco , Avot Batiste , Stan Adrian , Battey James , Lo Sasso Giuseppe , Boue Stephanie , Ivanov Nikolai V. , Peitsch Manuel C. , Hoeng Julia , Falquet Laurent , Di Camillo Barbara , Guarracino Mario R. , Ulyantsev Vladimir , Sierro Nicolas , Poussin Carine
Published: April 2023

A growing body of evidence links gut microbiota changes with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), raising the potential benefit of exploiting metagenomics data for non-invasive IBD diagnostics. The sbv IMPROVER metagenomics diagnosis for inflammatory bowel disease challenge investigated computational metagenomics methods for discriminating IBD and nonIBD subjects. Participants in this challenge were given independent training and test metagenomics data from IBD and nonIBD subjects, which could be wither either raw read data (sub-challenge 1, SC1) or processed Taxonomy- and Function-based profiles (sub-challenge 2, SC2). A total of 81 anonymized submissions were received between September 2019 and March 2020. Most participants’ predictions performed better than random predictions in classifying IBD versus nonIBD, Ulcerative Colitis (UC) versus nonIBD, and Crohn’s Disease (CD) versus nonIBD. However, discrimination between UC and CD remains challenging, with the classification quality similar to the set of random predictions. We analyzed the class prediction accuracy, the metagenomics features by the teams, and computational methods used. These results will be openly shared with the scientific community to help advance IBD research and illustrate the application of a range of computational methodologies for effective metagenomic classification.
Multicenter retrospective cohort study of the association between surgery for odontoid fractures in the elderly and in-hospital outcomes
Authors: Merali Zamir , Zhang Peng F. , Jaffe Rachael H. , Jaja Blessing N. R. , Harrington Erin M. , Malhotra Armaan K. , Smith Christopher W. , He Yingshi , Balas Michael , Jack Andrew S. , Fehlings Michael G. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Witiw Christopher D.
Published: April 2023

Odontoid fractures are increasingly prevalent in older adults and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Optimal management remains controversial. Our study aims to investigate the association between surgical management of odontoid fractures and in-hospital mortality in a multi-center geriatric cohort. We identified patients 65 years or older with C2 odontoid fractures from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database. The primary study outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital complications and hospital length of stay. Generalized estimating equation models were used to compare outcomes between operative and non-operative cohorts. Among the 13,218 eligible patients, 1100 (8.3%) were treated surgically. The risk of in-hospital mortality did not differ between surgical and non-surgical groups, after patient and hospital-level adjustment (OR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.55–1.60). The risks of major complications and immobility-related complications were higher in the operative cohort (adjusted OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.53–2.94; and OR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.38–3.63, respectively). Patients undergoing surgery had extended in-hospital length of stay compared to the non-operative group (9 days, IQR: 6–12 days vs. 4 days, IQR: 3–7 days). These findings were supported by secondary analyses that considered between-center differences in rates of surgery. Among geriatric patients with odontoid fractures surgical management was associated with similar in-hospital mortality, but higher in-hospital complication rates compared to non-operative management. Surgical management of geriatric patients with odontoid fractures requires careful patient selection and consideration of pre-existing comorbidities.
Cocatalyst loaded Al-SrTiO3 cubes for Congo red dye photo-degradation under wide range of light
Authors: Abd Elkodous M. , El-Khawaga Ahmed M. , Abouelela Marwa Mohamed , Abdel Maksoud M. I. A.
Published: April 2023

The continued pollution, waste, and unequal distribution of the limited amount of fresh water on earth are pushing the world into water scarcity crisis. Consequently, development of revolutionary, cost-effective, and efficient techniques for water purification is essential. Herein, molten flux method was used for the preparation of micro-sized Al-doped SrTiO3photocatalyst loaded with RhCr2O3and CoOOH cocatalysts via simple impregnation method for the photo-assisted degradation of Congo red dye under UV and visible irradiation compared with P25 standard photocatalyst. In addition, photoelectrochemical analysis was conducted to reveal the separation and transfer efficiency of the photogenerated e−/h+pairs playing the key role in photocatalysis. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that both P25 and the pristine SrTiO3have spherical shapes, while Al-doped SrTiO3and the sample loaded with cocatalysts have cubic shapes with a relatively higher particle size reaching 145 nm. In addition, the lowest bandgap is due to Al+3ion doping and excessive surface oxygen vacancies, as confirmed by both UV–Vis diffuse-reflectance and XPS analyses. The loading of the cocatalysts resulted in a change in the bandgap from n-type (pristine SrTiO3and Al-SrTiO3) into p-type (cocatalyst loaded sample) as exhibited by Mott–Schottky plots. Besides, the cocatalyst-loaded sample exhibited good performance stability after 5 cycles of the photocatalytic removal of Congo red dye. OH·radical was the primary species responsible for CR degradation as confirmed by experiments with radical scavengers. The observed performance of the prepared samples under both UV and visible light could foster the ongoing efforts towards more efficient photocatalysts for water purification.
Three-dimensional fine structures in deep fascia revealed by combined use of cryo-fixed histochemistry and low-vacuum scanning microscopy
Authors: Imazato Hiroyuki , Takahashi Nobuyasu , Hirakawa Yusuke , Yamaguchi Yoichiro , Hiyoshi Masaru , Tajima Takuya , Chosa Etsuo , Sawaguchi Akira
Published: April 2023

Recent physiological studies have shown that the deep fascia has received much attention concerning clinical medicine; however, histological examination of the deep fascia has not been well established. In this study, we aimed to clarify and visualize the structure of the deep fascia by taking advantage of cryofixation techniques and low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy. As a result, the ultrastructural observations revealed three-dimensional stratification of the deep fascia composed of three layers: the first superficial layer consisting of collagen fibers extending in various directions with blood vessels and peripheral nerves; the second intermediate layer formed by single straight and thick collagen fibers with flexibility; and the third deepest layer, consisting of relatively straight and thin collagen fibers. We explored the use of two hooks to hold a piece of deep fascia in place through the course of cryo-fixation. A comparative observation with or without the hook-holding procedure would indicate the morphological adaptation to physiological stretch and contraction of the deep fascia. The present morphological approach paves the way to visualize three-dimensional ultrastructures for future biomedical studies including clinical pathophysiology.
Music-based interventions in the feeding environment on the gut microbiota of mice
Authors: Niu Junyi , Xu Hongli , Zeng Guosheng , Wang Pengpeng , Raciheon Bakint , Nawaz Shah , Zeng Zhibo , Zhao Jiewei
Published: April 2023

Gut microbiota is established to be associated with the diversity of gastrointestinal conditions, but information on the variation associated with music and gut microbes is limited. Current study revealed the impacts of music intervention during feeding on the growth performance and gut microbes of mice by using clinical symptoms and 16S rRNA sequencing techniques. The results showed that feeding mice with music had a significant increase in body weight after the 25th day. The Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most dominant phylum in the gut microbiota. Also, the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria was variable after musical intervention. In contrast to the control group, a significant decrease in alpha diversity analysis of gut bacterial microorganisms and Metastats analysis showed a significant increase in the relative abundance of 5 genera and one phylum after the music intervention. Moreover, the musical intervention during feeding caused modifications in the gut microbial composition of mice, as evidenced by an increase in the level of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, while decreases the richness of pathogenic bacteria, e.g. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Muribaculaceae, etc. In summary, music intervention increased body weight and enhanced the abundance of beneficial bacteria by reducing the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in gut microbiota of mice.
Modeling outcome trajectories in patients with acquired brain injury using a non-linear dynamic evolution approach
Authors: Panunzi Simona , Lucca Lucia Francesca , De Tanti Antonio , Cava Francesca , Romoli Annamaria , Formisano Rita , Scarponi Federico , Estraneo Anna , Frattini Diana , Tonin Paolo , Piergentilli Ilaria , Pioggia Giovanni , De Gaetano Andrea , Cerasa Antonio
Published: April 2023

This study describes a dynamic non-linear mathematical approach for modeling the course of disease in acquired brain injury (ABI) patients. Data from a multicentric study were used to evaluate the reliability of the Michaelis–Menten (MM) model applied to well-known clinical variables that assess the outcome of ABI patients. The sample consisted of 156 ABI patients admitted to eight neurorehabilitation subacute units and evaluated at baseline (T0), 4 months after the event (T1) and at discharge (T2). The MM model was used to characterize the trend of the first Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dimension (represented by the variables: feeding modality, RLAS, ERBI-A, Tracheostomy, CRS-r and ERBI-B) in order to predict the most plausible outcome, in terms of positive or negative Glasgow outcome score (GOS) at discharge. Exploring the evolution of the PCA dimension 1 over time, after day 86 the MM model better differentiated between the time course for individuals with a positive and negative GOS (accuracy: 85%; sensitivity: 90.6%; specificity: 62.5%). The non-linear dynamic mathematical model can be used to provide more comprehensive trajectories of the clinical evolution of ABI patients during the rehabilitation period. Our model can be used to address patients for interventions designed for a specific outcome trajectory.
Micro-abnormalities in the retina and choroid induced by anti-CTLA4 treatment
Authors: Mukai Ryo , Tajika Yuki , Saito Kazuma , Akiyama Hideo
Published: April 2023

Anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated protein 4 agents, such as ipilimumab, are widely applied to various cancers. However, they cause immune-related adverse effects throughout the body, including the eye. This study examined whether ipilimumab induces retinal and choroidal abnormalities in rodents, and investigated potential underlying mechanisms. Female wild-type mice were injected with ipilimumab three times/week for 5 weeks. The mice underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) on the first day of the 6th week. Retinal function and morphology were evaluated by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electroretinography (ERG). On OCT, the lines indicating the ellipsoid and interdigitation were obscure in treated mice, suggesting outer retina destruction. Haematoxylin–eosin staining revealed destruction, shortening, and outer segment vacuolization. Treated mice exhibited weaker, fragmented rhodamine peanut agglutinin staining in outer photoreceptor structures. The choroid of treated mice showed severe infiltration of CD45-positive cells. In addition, CD8-positive cells invaded into the outer retina. On ERG, rod, maximum responses of combined rods and cones, and cone response wave amplitudes were significantly reduced in treated mice. Ipilimumab may induce impairments in outer photoreceptor architecture accompanied with CD8- positive infiltration in the retina and CD45-positive cell infiltration in the choroid, which may contribute to retinal function deterioration.
The epidemiological features of respiratory tract infection using the multiplex panels detection during COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong province, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Tao , Zou Mingjin , Wang Lili , Sai Lintao
Published: April 2023

Respiratory tract infection is one of the most common reasons for both morbidity and mortality worldwide. High attention has been paid to the etiological tracing of respiratory tract infection since the advent of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiological features of pathogens in respiratory tract infection, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 7668 patients with respiratory tract infection who admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from March 2019 to Dec 2021 were retrospectively included. The respiratory tract specimens were detected using a commercial multiplex PCR-based panel assay for common respiratory pathogens including influenza A virus (Flu-A), influenza A virus H1N1 (H1N1), influenza A virus H3N2 (H3N2), influenza B virus (Flu-B), parainfluenza virus (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), Boca virus (Boca), human Rhinovirus (HRV), Metapneumovirus (MPV), Coronavirus (COV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), and Chlamydia (Ch). The positive rates were compared using a chi-square test. Compared with 2019, the positive rate of pathogen detection during from January 2020 to December 2021 was significantly lower, especially the detection of Flu-A. The positive rate of respiratory pathogen strains was 40.18% during COVID-19 pandemic, and a total of 297 cases (4.69%) of mixed infection with two or more pathogens were detected. There was no statistical difference in the positive rate between male and female patients. However, the positive rates of infection were different among different age groups, with higher incidence of RSV in infancy and toddler group, and MP infection in children and teenager group. While, HRV was the most common pathogen in the adult patients. Moreover, Flu-A and Flu-B were higher in winter, and MP and RSV were higher in spring, autumn and winter. The pathogens such as ADV, BOCA, PIV, and COV were detected without significant seasonal distribution. In conclusion, respiratory pathogen infection rates may vary by age and season, regardless of gender. During the COVID-19 epidemic, blocking transmission routes could help reduce the incidence of respiratory tract infection. The current prevalence of respiratory tract infection pathogens is of great significance for clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Phase I study of sapanisertib with carboplatin and paclitaxel in mTOR pathway altered solid malignancies
Authors: Alhalabi Omar , Groisberg Roman , Zinner Ralph , Hahn Andrew W. , Naing Aung , Zhang Shizhen , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Rodon Jordi , Fu Siqing , Yap Timothy A. , Hong David S. , Sun Ming , Jiang Yunfang , Pant Shubham , Shah Amishi Y. , Zurita Amado , Tannir Nizar M. , Vikram Raghunandan , Roszik Jason , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Subbiah Vivek
Published: April 2023

Pre-clinically, the mTORC1/2 inhibitor sapanisertib restored sensitivity to platinums and enhanced paclitaxel-induced cancer cell killing. NCT03430882 enrolled patients with mTOR pathway aberrant tumors to receive sapanisertib, carboplatin and paclitaxel. Primary objective was safety and secondary objectives were clinical response and survival. One patient had a dose-limiting toxicity at dose level 4. There were no unanticipated toxicities. Grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse events included anemia (21%), neutropenia (21%), thrombocytopenia (10.5%), and transaminitis (5%). Of 17 patients evaluable for response, 2 and 11 patients achieved partial response and stable disease, respectively. Responders included a patient with unclassified renal cell carcinoma harboring EWSR1-POU5F1 fusion and a patient with castrate resistant prostate cancer harboring PTEN loss. Median progression free survival was 3.84 months. Sapanisertib in combination with carboplatin plus paclitaxel demonstrated a manageable safety profile, with preliminary antitumor activity observed in advanced malignancies harboring mTOR pathway alterations.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of ATP synthase from mitochondria toward the cell surface
Authors: Chang Yi-Wen , Tony Yang T. , Chen Min-Chun , Liaw Y-geh , Yin Chieh-Fan , Lin-Yan Xiu-Qi , Huang Ting-Yu , Hou Jen-Tzu , Hung Yi-Hsuan , Hsu Chia-Lang , Huang Hsuan-Cheng , Juan Hsueh-Fen
Published: April 2023

Ectopic ATP synthase complex (eATP synthase), located on cancer cell surface, has been reported to possess catalytic activity that facilitates the generation of ATP in the extracellular environment to establish a suitable microenvironment and to be a potential target for cancer therapy. However, the mechanism of intracellular ATP synthase complex transport remains unclear. Using a combination of spatial proteomics, interaction proteomics, and transcriptomics analyses, we find ATP synthase complex is first assembled in the mitochondria and subsequently delivered to the cell surface along the microtubule via the interplay of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and kinesin family member 5B (KIF5B). We further demonstrate that the mitochondrial membrane fuses to the plasma membrane in turn to anchor ATP syntheses on the cell surface using super-resolution imaging and real-time fusion assay in live cells. Our results provide a blueprint of eATP synthase trafficking and contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of tumor progression.
A framework to assess multi-hazard physical climate risk for power generation projects from publicly-accessible sources
Authors: Luo Tianyi , Cheng Yan , Falzon James , Kölbel Julian , Zhou Lihuan , Wu Yili , Habchi Amir
Published: April 2023

Demand for information about physical climate risk is growing, particularly for the power generation sector, given its size and pronounced exposure to climate hazards. However, quantifying physical climate risks for a large number of assets remains challenging. Here we introduce a scalable and transparent methodology that enables multi-hazard physical climate risk assessments for any thermal or hydro power generation project. The methodology relies on basic power plant type and geolocation data inputs, publicly-available climate datasets, and hazard- and technology-specific vulnerability factors, to translate hazard severity into generation losses. We apply the methodology to the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development’s early 2021 thermal and hydro power generation portfolios of 80 assets. We show that under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 scenario, those 80 power plants could experience a 4.0-10.9 TWh loss in annual generation (or 1.87-5.07% of total annual maximum generation) by 2030 compared to its baseline losses of 0.70–0.87 TWh (or 0.33–0.41%). One of the largest drivers of the increased risk is rising water temperatures, which is currently overlooked by mainstream climate risk disclosure guidelines.
The magnetopyroelectric effect: heat-mediated magnetoelectricity in magnetic nanoparticle-ferroelectric polymer composites
Authors: Llacer-Wintle Joaquin , Renz Jan , Hertle Lukas , Veciana Andrea , von Arx Denis , Wu Jiang , Bruna Pere , Vukomanovic Marija , Puigmartí-Luis Josep , Nelson Bradley J. , Chen Xiang-Zhong , Pané Salvador
Published: April 2023

A novel approach to magnetoelectricity: the magnetopyroelectric effect enables heat-mediated magnetoelectricity through the combination of magnetic particle heating and pyroelectricity.
Braided copper cobaltite/MWCNT composites enable acetylcholine detection at sub-nanomolar levels in vitro
Authors: Poolakkandy Rasha Rahman , Ramalakshmi Neelakandan Annamalai , Padmalayam Krishna Aravind , Krishnamurthy Rajanikant Golgodu , Menamparambath Mini Mol
Published: April 2023

A flexible non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a braided copper cobaltite/MWCNT composite capable of detecting acetylcholine at sub-nanomolar level was developed to monitor acetylcholine released by human neural cells.
Enhanced C2+selectivity in plasma-assisted chemical looping oxidative coupling of methane using (Na, Li, and K) doped LaMnO3
Authors: Liu Tong , Wang Chen , Song Yiwen , Ou Wentao , Xiao Rui , Zeng Dewang
Published: April 2023

The doping of K improves C2+selectivity in plasma-assisted chemical looping oxidation coupling of methane reaction at 400 °C.
Electricity supply chain hybrid long‐term demand forecasting approach based on deep learning—a case study of basic metals industry
Authors: Moalem Sepehr , Ahari Roya M. P. , Shahgholian Ghazanfar , Moazzami Majid , Kazemi Seyed Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Demand forecasting is a key parameter to achieve optimal supply chain management at different levels. The basic metals industry is one of the most energy‐intensive industries in the electricity supply chain. The impossibility of large‐scale energy storage, reservation constraints, and its high costs, limitations on electricity transmission lines capacity, real‐time response to high priority strategic demands, and variety of energy rates at different hours and seasons are issues that challenge the electricity supply chain. A hybrid approach is presented in this paper to improve the accuracy of long‐term demand forecasting in the electricity supply chain. The proposed approach uses wavelet decomposition and long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural networks to produce new predictors for demand forecasting in case of defective data. The data used in this study consists of the recorded hourly demand of Espidan Iron Stone (EIS) company and data of Mobarakeh Steel (MS) company in Isfahan Province. The understudy time series includes a lot of interruptions due to non‐production of the factory or power outages and spikes which cause uncertainty that makes the forecasting more difficult in comparison with continuous time series. Multiple machine learning models including decision trees (DTs), boosted and bagged trees (BGTs), support vector regression (SVR) models, extreme learning machines (ELMs), and a LSTM neural network model are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in this paper. A comparison of the results obtained using the hybrid proposed approach and training machine learning (ML) methods shows a notable reduction in forecasting error.
Financial support for business subjects in the innovative development of the Uzbek economy
Authors: Daniyarov Kuatbay , Bayzhanov Sarsengaliy , Baymuratova Ziyna , Zhuzbaev Abatbay
Published: April 2023

The degree of economic influence of the state on the national economy is determined by the quality of regulation. The essence of state regulation in the world is that the state does not do business, because the government can regulate the market more effectively than by being present on it. Effective government regulation is a development factor. In the world, the decision-making process is greatly facilitated by the high degree of harmonious interaction between business and government that has existed since pre-war times. Such interaction clearly reflects the specifics of the Eastern approach to interaction with economic processes, the Asian version of the implementation of the principles of market motivation in the economy. The article shows the world model of the economy and in connection with the intensification of the process of modernization of the national economy and the transition to an innovative path of its development in the context of economic and political sanctions that impede the growth of entrepreneurial activity in Uzbekistan, the problem of adapting state support measures for innovative small and medium-sized enterprises to existing conditions requires systematic study of recent changes in foreign models of financial support for innovation.
Determination of the influence of packaging measures of a variety of Husayni grapes
Authors: Abdusattarov Bahtiyorjon , Safarov Askarbek , Toshmatov Bekzod
Published: April 2023

The loss of the product during post-harvest practices in agriculture is one of the most common problems that threaten food security today. Identifying and eliminating the causes of post-harvest losses is the best strategy to increase the efficiency of the farms and farmers who grow the product and ensure food safety, rather than using additional resources to increase the volume of production of any type of product. World’s yearly table grape production is 16.5 million tons. Producing areas are China, Turkey, Europe, Brazil, Chili and United States. Some popular grape varieties are Thompson Seedless, Flame Seedless, Crimson Seedless, Red Globe, Ruby Seedless, Red Seedless, Muscat and Sugraone. Although in recent years diﬀerent reviews have described technological advances in maintainingthe quality of table grapes during postharvest, the mechanisms through which they exert theirbeneﬁcial eﬀects require an in-depth review. Thus, the present work aims to review existing literatureon the diﬀerent potential mechanisms, giving special attention to molecular mechanisms regulatedby the postharvest treatments applied in order to improve table grape quality. Although we havemade an eﬀort to review the mechanisms behind diﬀerent postharvest treatments, it is important tohighlight that most published studies up until now examining both the eﬀectiveness of treatmentsand their mechanisms, have used the modiﬁcation of storage atmosphere composition as the onlypostharvest treatment.
Introduction of a food additive based on amaranth plant in the production of meat products
Authors: Fatkhullaev Abdunabi
Published: April 2023

In terms of protein, amino acids, vitamins, macro- and microelements, physiologically active compounds, and oils, the amaranth plant outperforms many conventional crops. At the same time, the complex processing of amaranth plant seeds to produce high-quality protein, protein-carbohydrate, and protein-lipid products necessitates the creation of novel theoretical, experimentally supported, and resource-saving technologies based on optimal fractionation of the seeds' primary macronutrients while preserving the feedstock's phytochemical potential. The intricate processing of amaranth seeds must have scientific and practical underpinnings if this significant national economic issue is to be resolved. As a component of a nutritious diet, the nutrients in amaranth can offer considerable health advantages. One of the most abundant plant-based sources of protein is the amaranth plant. Amaranth proteins are among the ones that are most similar to animal proteins in the plant world, according to studies. Just 10–20% of the population's demand for goods with higher nutritional and biological value, as well as products with specialized and functional nutrition, is met. This article discusses the amaranth plant and its composition, useful properties, comparison of the flour product from its seeds with other types of flour products, analysis of the composition and wide application in the food industry, especially in bakery production. The goal is to provide the population with environmentally friendly and safe types of food and introduce new types of products.
Social work in the digital age
Authors: Babaeva Anastasia , Samerkhanova Elvira , Guseva Ludmila , Shmeleva Natalia , Gromov Bogdan
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of changing the content and formats of social work in the digital age. The authors analyze the topic in the context of changing content of the concept of “social well-being”. In modern times, this concept has subjective and objective aspects, so the quality of life is assessed not only by economic quantitative indicators, but also by the degree of satisfaction with life, which includes emotional fulfillment, the level of happiness, inclusion in network streams. The problems of providing social services to the population today are determined by digital technical parameters, as well as the level of competence of social workers in the transition to a digital format of work. However, the state of modern society is characterized by a digital divide, in which older people are not always able to use all the opportunities that digitalization provides. And this, in turn, leads to an intergenerational (functional and ideological) gap not only in the situation of using digital services, but also in the formation of common ideas about the life of different generations.
Natural environment assessment of negative impact of anthropogenic factors
Authors: Ovchinnikova Svetlana , Kalinichenko Andrey , Schneider Elena
Published: April 2023

Sustainable development of each region of the country and improvement in living standards and public health can only be achieved by preserving natural capital and maintaining proper environmental quality. Environmental quality in the Krasnodar Region is determined by levels of anthropogenic and technogenic load on the natural environment. Sources of pressure are objects of industry, power engineering, transport, capital construction, agroindustrial complex and municipal services, which lead to pollution of atmospheric air, water and land resources, to pollution of surface and ground water and degradation of some water bodies, to disruption of ecosystems of flora and fauna. The article is devoted to the review of the condition of atmospheric air and water bodies in Krasnodar Krai, as well as to the study of pollution indicators of discharged wastewater in the territory of the region. Information on indicators of polluted wastewater discharge into water bodies is presented, a grouped table is determined on the basis of these pollution indicators, which indicates the main reasons for the continued pollution of surface water bodies, conclusions are drawn as to what measures to solve the global environmental problem should be taken to improve the quality of wastewater treatment.
Import substitution in forest engineering as an indicator of the development of the forest sector of the Russian economy in modern conditions
Authors: Muravieva Marina , Nazarova Olga , Silaeva Valentina , Gudkova Olga
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for the development of domestic engineering for the forest industry, to study the problems and tasks of developing domestic engineering for enterprises in the forestry sector of the economy. The necessity of import substitution in the production of equipment for key branches of the domestic timber industry is argued. Possible ways to bring the industry out of the crisis are proposed based on: the need to analyse the causes of the destruction of domestic forestry engineering; determining measures to ensure the revival of branch science and the development of forestry engineering. As a result, proposals are presented on regulatory and legal support, the purchase of samples of imported equipment in order to study and independently manufacture a similar product in the future. Further development of the industry should be based on resource-saving technologies and “green” technologies for waste processing and a circular economy. On the basis of educational institutions or as independent organizations, it is necessary to create research, research and production centres of the industry. The sanctions announced to Russia are a challenge of the times, contributing to the development of domestic science and forestry engineering. Right now it is necessary to develop the economic base of the timber industry and forestry. The aggressive policy of foreign manufacturers of forestry equipment to conquer the Russian market exacerbates the task of restoring the competitiveness of forestry engineering on innovative principles and increasing its role in the Russian timber industry.
Hydroecological data recovery using artificial intelligence
Authors: Nafikova Elvira , Aleksandrov Dmitriy , Shaniyazova Alsu , Bondar Christina
Published: April 2023

Artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms have been tested for the restoration of missed hydroecological indicators (hydrological water quality parameters and bottom sediment quality parameters). Algorithms have been developed for recovering missing hydroecological data in the presence and absence of observation data from points upstream and downstream. Neural network models for the restoration of water quality indicators and bottom sediments were tested on the example of the catchment basin of the Bayda and Kidysh rivers in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Social identity and expectations for employment of students with disabilities
Authors: Gostenina Valentina , Melnikov Sergey , Lapyko Tatyana
Published: April 2023

Various technologies of influencing social processes and attitudes of people in order to provide assistance to the population and certain categories of citizens in difficult life situations make researchers turn to basic social categories and demonstrate their role in applied spheres of human life organization. The article shows the sociological category of social identification as a technology for implementing social expectations of students with disabilities. Based on the results of sociological research (questionnaire survey) practical recommendations are developed to inform students with disabilities about the social and educational space of the university for employment.
Agroindastrial complex of the Chuvash Republic: intra-regional and All-Russian significance
Authors: Kazakov Nikolai , Yumanova Ulyana , Krasnova Marina , Nikonorova Inna , Rostovtseva Mariya
Published: April 2023

This paper reveals the current state of various areas of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian region of the Chuvash Republic. Particular attention was paid to comparing a number of parameters characterizing the agro-industrial production of the republic with the corresponding parameters of other areas of the economy of the region, the role of the agro-industrial complex of Chuvashia in the all-Russian agro-industrial production. In the Chuvash Republic, the importance of the agro-industrial complex for the regional economy is often emphasized. Moreover, in the typology of Russian regions in terms of the level and type of economic development, the Chuvash Republic is quite often referred to the category of agro-industrial regions. The paper describes the absence of exceptional natural and climatic advantages for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the region, the relative weakness of the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors of the republic against the background of a number of other regions of Russia. The share of the industry in the structure of GRP and employment in the region is analyzed, while its importance is highlighted against the background of manufacturing industries and the service sector. It also stands out that the modern agro-industrial complex of the Chuvash Republic is of great importance for the socio-economic development of the region and the prospects for further development. However, it is not possible to classify Chuvashia as an agrarian and even agro-industrial region. The most important in the republic is not the agro-industrial complex, but the social infrastructure, industrial infrastructure and industry.
Clarifier with built-in prefilter for water treatment
Authors: Govorova Zhanna , Kanivets Uliana , Govorova Anastasia
Published: April 2023

Natural water sources in the Northern, Northwestern and other regions of Russia are characterized by increased color, the presence of organic pollutants of natural and anthropogenic origin, as well as often high bacterial contamination. The use in practice of a technological scheme with preliminary chlorination and purification of low-turbid colored waters in clarifiers with suspended sediment and filters during periods of low alkalinity and temperature is not always justified. The consequence is a decrease in the barrier role of structures for organochlorine contamination and residual aluminum. The intensification of the water purification process in clarifiers is achieved by adjusting the reagent treatment mode, artificially increasing the turbidity index of water, the device of flocculation chambers, thin-layer modules or sludge recirculators in the working chamber, as well as the device of a prefilter with floating loading. The description of an experimental stand simulating the operation of an industrial water supply station, parameters and operating modes of a clarifier model with a built-in prefilter is given. The experiments were carried out in different periods of the year on real water with permanganate oxidizability up to 22.3 mg/l, chromaticity – 55-81 degrees, turbidity – 2.8-25.6 FTU, pH from 7.52 to 8.04 and alkalinity 1.5-4.6 mg-eq/L. The results of the study showed that the device of a prefilter with a layer thickness of no more than 0.5 m from polystyrene granules at filtration rates from 1.2 to 1.7 m / h reduces turbidity to 7.9 FTU, chromaticity to 14.5 deg., and permanganate oxidizability by 5.4 mg/l, compared with a single clarifier. At the same time, the load on the second stage structures is reduced and the normative value of residual aluminum in drinking water is ensured.load on the second stage structures is reduced and the normative value of residual aluminum in drinking water is ensured.
Efficiency of using drones in agricultural production
Authors: Zhichkin Kirill , Nosov Vladimir , Zhichkina Lyudmila , Anichkina Olga , Borodina Irina , Beketov Alexey
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the issue of economic efficiency of the use of drones in agricultural production. There is an opinion about their inefficiency, which is refuted by the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the use of agricultural drones (using the example of U-30L-6 (BROUAV) in comparison with other technological options. The use of agricultural drones allows not only to reduce the cost of manufactured products, but also to increase crop yields by reducing losses during cultivation, as the number of passes of wheeled vehicles across the field during the growing season is reduced. Among the options considered (trailed sprayer, self-propelled sprayer, agrodrone), the use of copters took the second place in terms of production costs. But due to a decrease in the spraying rate and losses from trampling, the economic effect of using agricultural drones is the highest (3417.34 rubles/ha), which is more than twice as high as when using a self-propelled sprayer.
Study of UF-retentate concentration degree in low- and lactose-free products’ development
Authors: Shokhalov Vladimir , Gnezdilova Anna , Vinogradova Yuliya , Shokhalova Veronika
Published: April 2023

The article provides a comparative evaluation of some organoleptic characteristics of low- and lactose-free milk samples produced on the basis of ultrafiltration concentrates of skim milk with different mass fraction of solids. Using the ranking method, it was found that the sample produced on the basis of UV concentrate with a mass fraction of solids of 27 % followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose has the best indices of taste and sweetness. The results obtained were necessary for the development of the recipe and technology for the production of low- and lactose-free milk.
Directions to improve the sustainability of energy sector enterprises in modern geopolitical conditions
Authors: Volkodavova Elena
Published: April 2023

This article highlights the significance of enhancing the resilience of energy sector enterprises in modern geopolitical conditions. The authors emphasize that this is a key factor in ensuring sustainable economic development worldwide. To achieve this, the article explores various directions for improving enterprise resilience, including the development of new technologies, strategic partnerships, and effective management systems. The article focuses on the importance of developing new technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence in the energy sector. It also highlights the role of strategic partnerships in enhancing enterprise resilience and the significance of stakeholder engagement. Additionally, the article examines the impact of geopolitical risks on the energy sector and addresses issues related to their management. The authors note that the development of renewable energy sources can contribute to the creation of new jobs and support economic growth in developing countries. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of continued research and innovation in the energy sector to ensure sustainable economic development and address global challenges related to climate change and geopolitical risks. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into the challenges facing the energy sector and offers practical solutions for improving enterprise resilience. The article is relevant for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in the energy sector, as well as for anyone interested in sustainable economic development and climate change mitigation.
Peculiarities of legal regulation of activities of agricultural producers
Authors: Kirilenko Viktoriya
Published: April 2023

The relevance of this scientific study is given below. The progressive development of Russia's agro-industrial complex is, of course, a very important and integral part of the country's economy. The main task of the agro-industrial complex of Russia is to meet the needs of the population in such important areas as the production of sufficient and safe quantities of food and consumer goods. Effectively developing small farms of the Russian agro-industrial complex management, it will be able to receive sufficient livelihoods for the life and economy of the country's population at the expense of its own resources. It is possible to increase the efficiency of use and change the set of external conditions so that they do not negatively affect the results of the work of the Russian agro-industrial complex as a complex open system.To achieve a positive socio-economic effect, it is necessary to predict a set of strategic development measures and, if possible, assess their potential and development directions. The tasks solved by the modern agro-industrial complex of Russia include the definition of parameters, the regulatory and target base, management methods for organic agricultural production and its main characteristics, and a comparative analysis of its implementation in the Russian Federation and abroad. areas in terms of geographical location, as well as a more detailed analysis of this direction in Russia..
Problems of protection of agricultural land in the Russian Federation
Authors: Trunova Ekaterina
Published: April 2023

The article describes the concept and meaning of agricultural land, reveals the main problems of their misuse. The current methods of monitoring compliance with the norms of land, civil and administrative legislation of the Russian Federation on the targeted use of agricultural lands are considered. The content of the institute of compulsory seizure of a land plot as a sanction of land liability in Russia and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union is revealed. Methods of identifying the misuse of agricultural land, their effectiveness, as well as measures of state response to the phenomenon under consideration are analyzed. The author considers the measures of responsibility applied to persons who violate the legislation governing the rational use of agricultural land in the Russian Federation. It is concluded that the mechanism of state response to the facts of non-use or irrational use of agricultural land has certain disadvantages. Possible ways of solving the posed problems are suggested.
Antioxidant activity of freeze-dried Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) ovarian fluid
Authors: Mikhailova Marina , Zolotarev Konstantin , Mikhailov Anton , Lapin Anatoly , Nakhod Valeriya
Published: April 2023

Ovarian fluid is a mass-production nutritionally valuable byproduct of aquaculture of sturgeons. Total antioxidant activity of freeze-dried pasteurized and non-pasteurized ovarian fluid of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) was determined to estimate its potential acceptability as an anti-inflammatory and anti-age agent in nutraceuticals. Total antioxidant activity was determined using the certified coulometric measurement method. The value of total antioxidant activity was about 18.6 ± 1.1% of that of a well-known source of antioxidants – tomato fruits, if calculated by dry weight. There was no statistically significant difference between the values of activity for pasteurized and non-pasteurized ovarian fluid, so it is reasonable to pasteurize the fluid for its preservation.