bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of eight-week elastic walking exercise on the pattern of plantar pressure distribution in women with chronic low back pain during walking
Authors: Seify Farnaz , Mamashli Elahe , Jafarnejadgero AmirAli , Dehghani Mahrokh , Katanchi Mohsen , Alavi-Mehr Seyed Majid
Published: May 2021

Background: Training of elastic walking is a new method for elasticity in gait and correction of the distribution pattern of plantar pressure in patients with low back pain during gait. This study aimed to investigate the distribution pattern of plantar pressure during gait in women with low back pain following 8 weeks-training of elastic walking. Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental. In this research, 20 women with low back pain were divided into control (n=11) and experimental (n=9) groups. Subjects from the experimental group performed elastic gait training for 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks while the control group didn’t have any exercise program. The plantar pressure variables included the peak of vertical ground reaction forces, the time to peak of ground reaction forces, loading rate, the peak of plantar pressure on the ten foot regions, the peak of ground reaction forces on the ten foot regions, and displacement of the pressure center in two internal-external (copx) and anterior-posterior (copy) lines. The distribution pattern of plantar pressure during gait was recorded by a foot scan system (Sampling rate 300 Hz) in pre-training and post-training. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: In the experimental group, the results of this study demonstrated lower peak vertical reaction force (FzMS component) during post-test compared with pre-test (P = 0.002). Moreover, findings showed that the main effect of group on peak pressure in the mid-foot region was significant (P = 0.011). The results showed no significant difference concerning the main effect of group, the main effect of time and effect, interaction time and group on peak vertical reaction force, displacement of pressure center, vertical loading rate, and walking stance time (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that training of elastic walking does not have a significant effect on stance time. Also, training of elastic walking in the experimental group reduced the peak vertical ground reaction force (FzMS component) during the post-test compared with the pre-test that can correct the walking pattern and improve the chronic low back pain.
Reaction to surgicel in neurosurgery
Authors: Ehsaei Mohammad Reza , Sadeghi Mostafa , Rahimi Sara , Gholamveisi Behzad
Published: May 2021

The use of Surgicel is one of the methods used to stop bleeding during various surgical operations, especially neurosurgery. The use of Surgicel may cause complications such as inflammation, delayed tissue repair, and necrosis. This case is a 60-year-old woman with a history of craniotomy and reaction to Surgicel who presented to the hospital with symptoms of seizures. The patient underwent craniotomy after a mass diagnosis in the parasagittal region. After reviewing this case, we concluded that the use of Surgicel can have complications for patients, Therefore, it is recommended to use Surgicel in the patient's body so that it is not treated as a mass, abscess, or hematoma in the postoperative period.
The comparison of oral health and xerostomia between hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and normal individuals
Authors: Ebrahimi Ali , Shafiee-Kandjani Ali Reza , Aghazadeh Marziyeh , Eslami Hossein , Shalchi Behzad , Shafiei Yasaman
Published: May 2021

Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness characterized by negative symptoms (apathy, social withdrawal, lack of motivation) and cognitive deficits, while impairment in self-care, grooming, and oral health is also noted. This study aimed to evaluate oral health status and xerostomia among hospitalized patients in Razi Hospital in Tabriz, Iran during 2019. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, a total of 80 people (equal genders) including 40 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy matched controls were recruited conveniently from among non-psychiatric outpatient poly-clinic referrals. Oral health status was measured by decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index and xerostomia index. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 25 by student's t-test, chi-square, Pearson, and Spearman correlation tests. P-values under 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: In both groups, 75% out of males were smokers. The mean DMFT in the cases was significantly greater than the controls (P=0.02). There was no difference between genders in both groups. The means of xerostomia indices were significantly higher in the case group. (t=3.47, P=0.001). Conclusion: Based on cognitive deficits and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, oral hygiene is considerably lower than normal populations. This is a great hint for policy-makers, clinicians, healthcare professionals, and family members to emphasize on prevention of oral and dental lesions among afflicted patients.
Comparison of effects of 5% hydroquinone cream plus non-ablative fractional 1540 erbium YAG laser and 5% hydroquinone cream alone in the treatment of melasma
Authors: Ranjkesh Mohammadreza , Azizifard Sanay , Azimi alamdari Hamideh , Ghorbani Khosroshahi Neda
Published: May 2021

Background: Melasma is an acquired Hypermelanosis often difficult to treat. In this study, we assessed efficacy and safety of 5% hydroquinone cream plus non-ablative fractional 1540 erbium YAG laser and 5% hydroquinone cream alone in the treatment of melasma Methods: We selected 40 patients of melasma aged between 18 and 60 years for the study. Group 1 were treated with a cream of 5% hydroquinone and group 2 treated with a solution of hydroquinone 5% plus three sessions of non-ablative fractional 1540 erbium YAG laser at monthly interval. Improvement was assessed by the melasma-area-and-severity-index (MASI) score. Results: The two groups did not differ significantly in (MASI( score in the first month of treatment (p = 0/135), while during the second to fifth months, there were significant differences between the two groups (p <0.05) and (MASI( score was more reduced in the second group. The two groups did not show significant differences in the incidence of complications (erythema, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation). (p= 0/746, 0/158, 0/574, 0/135, 0/135 respectively, the first month, second month, third month and fourth month) Conclusion: A combination of hydroquinone and laser therapy had better results in the treatment of melasma. But due to some disagreements about the use of lasers in the treatment of melasma we recommend more studies with larger sample size to be taken to definitely show better therapeutic effect of laser.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Degradation by Aquatic Bacteria Isolated from Khazar Sea, the World’s Largest Lake
Authors: Ebrahimi Vida , Eyvazi Shirin , Montazersaheb Soheila , Yazdani Parivar , Hejazi Mohammad Amin , Tarhriz Vahideh , Hejazi Mohammad Saeid
Published: May 2021

Background: Aquatic microorganisms have an important role in the bioremediation of environmental pollutants. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are described as dangerous pollutants that can bind covalently to the nucleic acids, causing mutations. Therefore, they have carcinogenic and toxic properties. Also, are involved in diseases such as asthma, lung dysfunction, and chronic bronchitis. This study aimed to isolate and characterize aquatic bio-degrading bacteria from the world’s largest lake, Khazar, with the ability to use PAHs as only carbon source. Methods: Samples were taken from the estuary of Siah Rud River (Mazandaran province, Iran) and Fereydunkenar beach leading to isolation of twenty-three bacteria on marine agar and sea water media. The isolates were cultured on separate ONR7a medium, each supplemented with only one PAH; as the sole carbon source; including naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. Results: Eleven bacterial isolates were able to grow on supplemented media: TBZ-E1, TBZ-E2, TBZ-E3, TBZ-S12, TBZ-S16, TBZ-E20, TBZ-SF2, TBZ-F1, TBZ-F2, TBZ-F3 and TBZ2. These isolates belong to Alteromonas, Marivivens, Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Shewanella, Photobacterium, Mycobacterium and Pseudomonas genera. The qualitative analysis showed that the consortium of isolates TBZ-F1, TBZ-F2, TBZ-F3, TBZ-SF2, and TBZ2 displayed the highest degradation rate for phenanthrene and naphthalene. Naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene were potently degraded by TBZ2 and TBZ-SF2 and accordingly were subjected to measure degradation potential of mentioned PAHs. Conclusion: The bacterial isolates of Caspian lake have a critical duty in biodegradation of PAHs. These isolates are representative samples of the bacterial population of this lake, participating in the purification process of this habitat.
Protective Effects of Osthole against Free Radical-Induced Hemolysis of Erythrocytes
Authors: Rashidpour Soroush , Zahedipour Fatemeh , Karimi Gholamreza , Jamialahmadi Khadijeh
Published: May 2021

Background: Osthole, one of the most active components of Cnidium monnieri, has different pharmacological and biological effects such as boosting the immune system, reducing rheumatoid pain, hepatoprotective, and inhibitory effect on osteoporosis. Furthermore, it showed anti inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties. However, there is little information about the antioxidant effects of osthole using cell-based assays. In the current work, we used in vitro model of 2,2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced hemolysis of erythrocytes to investigate the protective effects of osthole against oxidative damage of biological membranes. Methods: Erythrocytes were challenged with 2, 2ꞌ-azobis (2-aminopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) as a model oxidant in the presence and absence of osthole. The protective effects of osthole on lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl oxidation, glutathione (GSH) content of erythrocytes were evaluated and compared with control samples. Results: It was found that osthole has protective effects on erythrocyte hemolysis induced by AAPH at different concentrations in a time-dependent manner. Osthole also suppressed lipid and protein oxidation as well as reductions in GSH content in a concentration and timedependent manner. Conclusion: Osthole showed protective effects against free radical-induced hemolysis in rat erythrocytes. Therefore, it can be considered as a supplement for the prevention or treatment of a variety of human health problems associated with oxidative stress. However, further investigations are required to illustrate other possible impacts of osthole on cells.
Ego-Resiliency and physically-disabled learners: The Implementation of a Multiple Intelligences Teaching Approach
Authors: Ghaznavi Nayyereh , Haddad Narafshan Mehry , Tajadini Massoud
Published: May 2021

Background: Gardner’s multiple intelligences (MI) theory offers great opportunities to improve the diverse abilities potential in disabled learners. The current study investigated the effect of the MI teaching approach on physically disabled learners’ MI and ego resiliency. Methods: The purposive sample included male and female participants aged 14 to 30 years at the Arseye-Talash Institute in Urmia, West Azerbaijan for students with disabilities. To gain a complete picture of the phenomenon, the study used self-report questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The study utilized an experimental design that included 30 participants overall, with 10 participants in a control group and 20 participants in two experimental groups according to the multiple intelligences-based instructions (MIBI) they received: first language (Persian)-oriented MIBIs & second language (English)-oriented MIBIs. For both experimental groups (n = 20), active and passive intelligences of the students were identified using a MI test. Then, the instruction was tailored to designing tasks to activate the passive intelligence for both groups. The control group (n = 10) received no training. The data were analyzed in SPSS software using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc HSD test. Results: Findings indicated that the use of the MI-based teaching approach contributed to a significant improvement in the learners’ MI (P <0.01) and ego resiliency (P <0.01). Furthermore, findings showed a positive impact of L2-oriented (English) MIBIs compared with L1-oriented (Persian) MIBI on physically disabled learners’ ego resiliency (P <0.01); however, no significant difference was found between the two languages’ MIBIs (P >0.01). Conclusion: The more diverse a learner’s experience, the more effective their learning will be, and accordingly, the more successful they will be in a world of challenges. This holds especially true for physically disabled learners who have diverse experiences and hence diverse learning needs.
USO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS NA SUINOCULTURA: INDICAÇÕES E RESTRIÇÕES
Authors: Stella Ariel Eurides , Oliveira Angélica Franco de , Moreira Cecília Nunes , Viali Kevin Guilherme
Published: May 2021

Os antimicrobianos são utilizados na produção animal desde a década de 60,  na suinocultura de quatro maneiras diferentes – como promotores de crescimento, profiláticos, metafiláticos e terapêuticos. O uso indiscriminado, aliado a subdosagens, classes erradas e  destino inadequado de resíduos são um problema não só para produtores e trabalhadores da área, mas para a saúde pública e ambiental. Acredita-se que alternativas como a vigilância e o diagnóstico de uso na produção animal, bem como, o levantamento e a promoção de um banco de dados para caracterizar, determinar ou restringir seu uso, podem reduzir a incidência de genes de resistência. Algumas alternativas para a diminuição do seu uso estão ligadas  a qualidade sanitária do rebanho, englobando aspectos como biosseguridade, utilização de um programa vacinal completo e promoção do bem-estar dos animais. Muitos países e organizações também estão promovendo políticas de controle do uso dessas substâncias na produção animal. A utilização de antimicrobianos na suinocultura tende a ser reduzido através de campanhas de conscientização e treinamento dos produtores, alertando para o uso racional dessas drogas afim de combater a resistência bacteriana e aproveitar sua eficiência de maneira segura. Esta revisão busca elucidar alguns pontos do uso de antimicrobianos na suinocultura brasileira, bem como seus possíveis impactos, restrições e alternativas.
Reactor de microondas de flujo continuo automatizado para la producción de biodiesel
Authors: González-Contreras Brian Manuel , Salas-Rodríguez Fernando , Jaramillo-Quintero L. Patricia , Guevara-García José Antonio
Published: May 2021

Microwaves for organic synthesis are widely used due to the fact that reaction times are reduced with product conversion and selectivity improved. In this work, transesterification was carried out continuously to obtain biodiesel. A control system adapted to a home microwave oven was developed, by automating the process for continuous flow and with the less operator intervention. An embedded system and virtual instrumentation created in LabVIEW platform, for activation/deactivation orders and monitoring data supported by a PIC 18F4550 microcontroller was developed. The operative part is a power interface of transistors and activators formed by relays. The temperature sensor and power stage of the operative part of the process were linked through a PC interface by using an algorithm for data acquisition. Communication and control of the system was made through the LabVIEW platform in order to monitor, in real time, the parameters required to obtain the product. Results of automation and performance are presented.
Produtos da Ciência da Informação para o processo de doação de bens permanentes em Instituições Públicas
Authors: Moreira Cristiano , Soares Filipi Miranda , Hamanaka Raíssa Yuri , Bueno Renato Varella , Aganette Elisângela Cristina
Published: May 2021

A eficiência na gestão patrimonial de instituições públicas e privadas, tem se mostrado um fator importante para assegurar o desenvolvimento de suas atividades-fim. No que tange às empresas públicas, a maior visibilidade na aplicação destes recursos públicos é um dos pilares que sustenta a transparência. O descarte de ativos desnecessários em uma empresa, pode se tornar uma oportunidade para aproveitamento em outra que não possui o recurso necessário para aquisição daquele item. Com o propósito de investigar o processo de desfazimento e respectiva doação destes tipos de ativos em instituições de ensino públicas, surgiu o projeto Motirõ que examinou o processo de desfazimento na Escola da Ciência da Informação (ECI) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), com base na legislação existente. Utilizando uma metodologia mista, em uma pesquisa que se caracterizou como qualitativa, foi possível desenvolver os seguintes entregáveis em relação ao processo de doação de ativos permanentes da UFMG: cronograma; escopo do projeto; tabela de temporalidade; glossário de termos técnicos; manual; plataforma digital com a relação dos produtos disponíveis para doação; modelo BPMN do processo mapeado; termo de abertura; termo de aceite, e o presente artigo, que teve como intuito descrever os procedimentos realizados na criação de produtos informacionais para um processo específico da ECI. Com base nos entregáveis, foi possível verificar que existe um protocolo a ser observado para um eficaz processo de descarte e doação.
contribuição dos modelos de desenvolvimento das competências em leitura e informativas para a sociedade da informação e do conhecimento
Authors: Gerlin Meri Nadia Marques , Ribeiro Sara Dieny Chaves
Published: May 2021

Analisa a funcionalidade dos modelos nacionais e internacionais no âmbito da competência leitora, compreendendo como nelas são visualizados processos de formação das habilidades de busca, avaliação, compreensão e uso das diferentes modalidades de leituras na sociedade da informação e do conhecimento. Por meio de um levantamento em bases de dados on-line e um estudo de caso destaca-se a importância dos processos formativos de uma competência leitora articulada com a competência em informação. Ao partir da experiência dos modelos sugeridos em artigos de publicações periódicas, identifica-se a escassez de produções científicas voltadas para essa temática revelando a necessidade de realização de estudos principalmente no Brasil. Ao investigar as orientações do modelo proposto no contexto da Rede de Estudos das Competências da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, verifica-se a relevância das diretrizes que possam ser utilizados de fato principalmente pelas bibliotecas escolares, universitárias e públicas.
Debata o dekomunizacji na Ukrainie w 2015 roku: jak politycy „wygrali” z intelektualistami
Authors: Stryjek Tomasz
Published: May 2021

This article analyses the de-communization laws passed in Ukraine in May 2015 and the public debate they evoked. The author presents the circumstances in which the laws were passed and describes the thought processes of their drafters from the Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance. Three discourses are distinguished in the debate: the expert, the national-liberal, and the deconstructivist. With the exception of representatives of the national-liberal discourse, the debaters were critical of the laws and expected either their rejection by the president or their fundamental amendment. In the end, however, the laws passed into force in their first version. Drawing conclusions from this failure of the participants in the debate, the author analyses the relations between the intellectual field and the political field in Ukraine and also the internal relations of the former—between its participants within the country and abroad. In conclusion, the author ponders the strategy that should be adopted by Ukrainian intellectuals for the purpose of increasing their influence on the decision-making of politicians.
Jak budowana jest przestrzeń prywatna we współczesnym mieście? Analiza dzienników wizualnych
Authors: Rapior Waldemar
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to the relation between privacy and behaviour in public places. It has already been more than half a century since Erving Goffman published his notes on the social organization of gatherings. Today, the context for meetings in public places is round-the-clock monitoring—exposing oneself online, giving other persons access toone’s privacy through internet applications, and being under the eye of the camera 24 hours a day. This context means that the delicate balance between—to use Goffman’s terminology—the stage and the wings has been disturbed. On the basis of field material visual diaries kept by over a dozen persons in the Poznań area), the author concludes that people spontaneously create privacy shields. He presents ten grassroots protective strategies to show that people in contemporary cities spontaneously balance what is private with what is public.
Jana Szczepańskiego „rozprawa z czasem”
Authors: Tarkowska Elżbieta
Published: May 2021

The author considers the issue of time in Jan Szczepański’s works in comparison to the issue in contemporary sociology. She analyses the role of personal experiences as an important inspiration in research into the time issue. She presents the ‘fantasies’ that are typical of Jan Szczepański’s approach to the subject, and the idea of varieties of time, with the associated interdisciplinary view. She writes that Jan Szczepański understands time as a devastating force and ‘dealing with time’ in connection with transience as one of the essential human tasks.
Bliżej biednego — doświadczenia i potrzeby badawcze
Authors: Tarkowska Elżbieta
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the ongoing evolution of research into poverty, with the profound and thorough reformulation of the researcher–respondent relationship, which has blurred the distinction between the researcher and research subject. The researcher–respondent roles have merged, turning the research subject into the agent and respondents into researchers inquiring into their own conditions. This process has evolved through the first British ‘second-hand’ inquiries into poverty, analyses of personal documents (diaries), oral history traditions, the family histories presented by Oscar Lewis, personal accounts, monographs of communities, and recent participatory approaches to poverty research such as the ‘Poverty First Hand’ project.
O autoetnografii dotknięć, zranień i odkształceń
Authors: Kalinowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

The author presents autoethnography as a systematic research method used in field studies into the emotions of love. She begins by tracing various sociological and anthropological approaches and noting the place they give to an active, subjective researcher with agency. Then she concentrates on how autoethnographic data is generated and used in the course of the research process. In her opinion, autoethnography can be an original source of data—a supplement and verification for other materials collected in the field—if the personal experiences of the researcher are treated with the same attention as the experiences of the persons studied. She proposes to verify these experiences and the researcher’s activities in the world by use of the “clinical” and analytic autoethnographic method, which relies on the strategy of the “researcher as a tool.” This concept corresponds to the figure of the “vulnerable observer” used by researchers of the school of evocative autoethnography; it turns the researcher’s personal biography into a unit of analysis.
Co tam Panie w polityce? Struktura potocznej wiedzy politycznej Polaków
Authors: Jasiewicz-Betkiewicz Agnieszka , Cześnik Mikołaj , Kotnarowski Michał , Żerkowska-Balas Marta
Published: May 2021

The aim of the authors is to describe the political knowledge of ordinary Poles, including the structure of their knowledge about politics and ways of thinking about it. The empirical material analyzed here comes from in-depth interviews conducted with interviewers differing by age, level of education, and degree of interest in matters connected with politics and public life. As a theoretical framework, the authors use Shawn W. Rosenberg’s concept. The authors’ analyses serve to show Poles’ process of thinking about politics; their main lines of argumentation and justification of appraisals, opinions, and views; and their most important sources of information. Due, among other things, to the growth in easy access to sources of information, it would appear above all that the ability to select information has greatly increased in importance, and the striking quality of Poles’ political knowledge is its fragmentation, ephemerality, emotionality, and low degree of systematicity.
Dobro wspólne okiem socjologa — kilka uwag porządkujących
Authors: Mika Bartosz
Published: May 2021

This text can be defined as an attempt to look at the question of the common good through sociological glasses. The author suggests that many of the issues subsumed under  the term “the common good” have already been elucidated and described in detail on the basis of classical and contemporary sociology. If it is assumed that the common good can be understood triply, as (1) a postulate of the social good, (2) materially, as an object of collective ownership, and (3) as an effect of the individual’s life in society, then it must be admitted that, at least in the third case, reference to the collected achievements of sociology is necessary in order to describe the common good properly.
Nauka bez mistrzów? Zmiany w relacjach mistrz–uczeń i sposobach uprawiania nauki
Authors: Kretek-Kamińska Agnieszka , Krzewińska Aneta
Published: May 2021

This article describes changes in student–teacher relations in the context of academic institutions and variation in methods of teaching. On the basis of empirical research (interviews conducted currently among employees of Polish institutions of higher learning and analysis of source materials concerning the past) the authors advance the thesis that the figure of the mentor—which was once associated with scholarship and academic institutions—has ceased to have meaning for contemporary scholars. Instead of mentors, persons who are called “quasi-mentors” have appeared; they act temporarily as guides for young scholars and most often perform only one of the functions formerly fulfilled by mentors (for instance, organizers of academic life, seekers for research funds, promoters of doctoral theses, etc.). The authors consider that these alterations have been caused by general processes of economic, technological, political, and axiological change.
Idea wykuwana w „Mordorze”. Ziemowita Szczerka konceptualizacyjne ujęcie Europy Środkowej
Authors: Cobel-Tokarska Marta , Dębicki Marcin
Published: May 2021

The authors’ aim is to reconstruct the idea of Central Europe as presented in a renowned book by Ziemowit Szczerek, Przyjdzie Mordor i nas zje, czyli tajna historia Słowian (2013; English: Mordor’s Coming To Eat Us: A Secret History of the Slavs). Szczerek’s idea is reconstructed from a variety of perspectives. Among other things, the authors analyze the tendency to prioritize states and societies within Central Europe, the attempt to locate Central Europe’s borders “somewhere between Poland and Ukraine,” and references to the Habsburg past. Additionally, they focus on the multicultural region of Transcarpathia, and on demarcating Central Europe’s eastern border by means of the emotions experienced while travelling.
Figuracja disco polo: ilustracja muzyczna polskiej transformacji
Authors: Choczyński Marcin
Published: May 2021

This article attempts a sociological analysis of a specific musical trend – disco polo – through the prism of the figuration theory proposed by Norbert Elias. Street music of the 1990s was an extremely accurate musical illustration of the period of systemic transformations in Poland, because disco polo’s characteristic elements (e.g., kitsch, impermanence, and banality, as well as optimism, a sense of community, and freshness) were combined with social feelings and attitudes toward the rapidly changing reality. Disco polo documented the social life of the time, as is visible in its symbolic layer as well as in its purely musical arrangement: it was the hallmark of a generation.
Leszczyński zaryzykował syntezę historiograficzną – proludową, antyelitarną, daleką od „polityki historycznej”
Authors: Kula Marcin
Published: May 2021

Adam Leszczyński’s book Ludowa historia Polski. Historia wyzysku i oporu. Mitologia panowania (2020) [A People’s History of Poland: A Story of Exploitation and Resistance – the Mythology of Ruling] contains a historiosophical vision and covers the entire history of Poland in a manner that has not been seen in academic Polish historiography for years. Leszczyński focuses on analyzing the history of the popular classes. He describes this peasant nation and its work, status, and living conditions, along with the poor state of the countryside; he writes of the humiliating treatment of the peasants in the interwar period, and about popular behavior and revolts, first, for example, in the form of flight from the manor, then in the development of socialist, national, or peasant movements, and later as revolts in rural areas in the interwar period and opposition to collectivization in the People’s Republic of Poland. Leszczyński shows that in the past the peasants had no interest in working well. He presents the working conditions in factories in the early period of industrialization and the emerging conflicts. The author of the essay considers that the facts and phenomena in the history of the peasants presented by Leszczyński may be a good starting and reference point for analyses of very different matters in historiography and in contemporary research. He appreciates Leszczyński’s wide-ranging, anti-elite, and pro-people synthesis.
Ludowa historia Polski – książka ważna i zasługująca na krytyczną lekturę
Authors: Obracht-Prondzyński Cezary
Published: May 2021

This essay concerns Adam Leszczyński’s book Ludowa historia Polski. Historia wyzysku i oporu. Mitologia panowania [A People’s History of Poland: A Story of Exploitation and Resistance – the Mythology of Ruling] (2020) and presents Leszczyński’s main theses concerning the mechanism of the centuries-long exploitation of the popular classes by the nobility and later elites, the ideological justification of their domination, and the violence that accompanied it. The essay highlights how Leszczyński constructed his narrative, his theoretical and methodological premises, and his clearly declared ideological and ethical attitude. At the same time, however, the essay emphasizes that the book is highly selective in several aspects, as can primarily be seen in its omission of the history of the western and northern parts of Poland and concentration on the social and economic processes unfolding in the territory of the Russian partition. This focus had an impact on Leszczyński’s findings and conclusions, which the author of the essay questions.
Tecnología Y Desigualdad Social: Reproducción O Disminución De La Brecha Social
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, Mosquera machado Jardanys
Published: May 2021

En los primeros pasos de esta caminada se entrecruzan categorías conceptuales que le dan soporte teórico al recorrido; se habla entonces de desigualdad social, de exclusión, de tecnología, de tecnologías sociales y de tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación como urdimbre que le da sentido y significado a este espacio que se quiere sea evidenciado como un momento para leer críticamente el contexto próximo.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONTINUOUS METHOD AND INTERRUPTED METHOD OF EPISIOTOMY IN TERMS OF HEALING OF THE SURGICAL WOUND.
Authors: Khatri Rahul , Jain Bhoomika , Mhapankar Sabrina , Kumar Sushil
Published: May 2021

Episiotomy is a most commonly performed minor procedure. There are various type of episiotomy
suturing, in this study two most common types of episiotomy suturing techniques were compare in terms of
healing rate. This study concluded that the continuous method of episiotomy suturing is although faster, cosmetically better and
associated with less post-operative pain but it heals signicantly better than interrupted method of suturing
CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OF HYSTERECTOMY SPECIMENS
Authors: Jatiya Noratan , Rajak Vijay , Soni Savita
Published: May 2021

Background: Hysterectomy is the most common gynaecological procedure performed worldwide. For centuries, the female reproductive system has been affected by various abnormalities and diseases and hence has been the subject of interest and the basis for the gynaecological practice. The uterus being a vital reproductive and hormone-responsive organ, is subjected to a variety of physiological changes and benign and malignant disorders. Aims and Objectives: To study the indications of hysterectomy, to study gross and histopathological features of uterus and cervix in hysterectomy specimens, correlate with clinical ndings and to identify the most common pathology in hysterectomy specimens. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study of the gross and histopathological ndings of uterus and cervix in 200 hysterectomy specimens received in the department. The hysterectomy specimens received were xed in 10% formalin for 24 hours, were examined grossly and necessary sections were obtained. The tissue pieces were then processed in automated tissue processor, well labelled parafn blocks were made. Approximately 2-3 thickness sections were cut with the help of microtome and were stained routinely by Hematoxylin & Eosin stain and special stains like PAS or other were used wherever necessary. The histopathological ndings of uterus and cervix were noted and these ndings were then correlated with clinical diagnosis. Results: Overall clinicopathological correlation was noted in all 200 cases. In cases of uterine broid it was 77.77% and 100% in case of endometrial carcinoma, cervical dysplasia and cervical carcinoma. Most common pathology found was uterine leiomyomas in 63 cases and next to it was adenomyosis in 39 cases. Conclusion: This study conrmed that benign diseases were more common in hysterectomy specimens than in their malignant counterparts. It can be concluded that clinico-pathological correlation in case of endometrial cancer and uterine broid is excellent, but in case of DUB and prolapse uterus it varies. This signies the importance of clinico-pathological correlation in all cases of hysterectomy to improve the clinical outcome and post-operative management
Assessment of Retention on Valuation in the Nigerian Construction Industry – Clients’ Perspective
Authors: Morakinyo A. , Osuizugbo I.C.
Published: May 2021

The largest clients of Construction Industry (CI) in developing countries around the world are their respective governments. However, the CI in this clime is dominated by small and medium sized construction firms (SMSCFs). The aim of this study was to assess retention on valuation in the industry from the clients‟ perspective, with a view to improving financial performance of SMSCFs. Survey and non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique were adopted and data were obtained from industry stakeholders operating in Lagos. A total of fifty questionnaires validly completed were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Programme for Social Sciences) software Forty-four percent of the respondents have work experience in companies whose approximate annual turnover was < N 100m < N 500m. Finding shows that release of retention suffered from delay to outright non-payment of the retention monies and the retention practice of the three tiers of government is non-discriminatory of category of contractors. In conclusion, either delay or outright non-payment of retention monies on valuation will add to financial difficulty of SMSCFs Also, the retention policy of government, applying five (5) percent flat on their project does not consider the financial capacity of SMSCFs and latter‟s potential to contribute and grow the gross domestic product.
Developing an Effective Maintenance Culture for Some Monumental Public School Buildings in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria.
Authors: Dahunsi B.I.O
Published: May 2021

As part of effort to understand challenges faced with building maintenance practices in Nigeria an investigation of the maintenance culture in some of the oldest public schools in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria was carried out. A total of five schools located within Ibadan metropolis were selected based on their historical importance, year of establishment and viability of alumni. Site visits were carried out, during these visits, oral interviews accompanied with questionnaires was administered on the stake holders, the buildings were visually assessed to determine severity of degradation experienced by the buildings and the risk it poses to learning. Photographs of structures been assessed were also taken. Results shows that, the buildings have not been properly maintained over the years and can be attributed to the following: lack of funding for maintenance works, absence of guidelines for maintenance of school buildings by Government, lack of maintenance department in the schools visited and unplanned approach to implementation of maintenance work. As part of effort to salvage the situation, some recommendations were made, they are: the establishment of maintenance department in all schools with technical expertise and the formation of a School Buildings Maintenance Board (SBMB) by the state Government
A Comparative Assessment of Causes of Delay in Public and Private Building Projects in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Kadiri D.S , Akintoye A.A. , Onabanjo B.O.
Published: May 2021

Delay in the execution of construction projects is a major problem confronting the Nigerian construction industry. If unchecked, it will constitute a setback to the realisation of the infrastructure development component of the sustainable development agenda of the United Nations. This paper compared the causes of delay in public and private building projects in Lagos State, Nigeria with a view to enhancing project time performance. The study was conducted using a random sample of 87 Architectural firms and 88 contracting firms out of a population of 289 and 293, respectively in the study area. These represent 30% of the population of Architectural and contracting firms, in the study area. Data were retrieved from 47 Architectural and 48 contracting firms and analysed using mean score and student t-test. Results from the study indicated that delay in public building projects was mostly due to contractor’s financial difficulties with mean score (MS) of 2.84, rise in materials prices (MS = 2.80) and variations (MS = 2.72). On the other hand, client’s interference (MS = 2.92), rise in materials prices (MS = 2.83) and slow decision by clients (MS = 2.74) were the major causes of delay in private projects. T-test also revealed that the respondents were significantly different in opinion on 12 out of the 30 causes of delay in both project types in the study area.
Building Health Parameters and Willingness to Pay of Residents In Jakande Estate, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adelabu T. A, , Olanrewaju S.O , Ige V.A
Published: May 2021

It is against the background of the intricate relationship between condition of housing, health and affordability of residents that this study investigates housing health conditions and willingness to pay of residents on Jakande Estate, Lagos, Nigeria. This is with view of proffering recommendations that will aid the achievement of affordable healthy buildings in the area. To achieve this, 340 housing units were sampled using a random systematic sampling technique at an interval of every third house in all the streets in the estate. Questionnaire was then administered to the household head of each sampled building. Obtained information such as income, annual rent, willingness to pay (WTP) and perceived satisfaction with housing parameters were subjected to descriptive statistics such as percentages. Also, Likert rating of WTP was done to assess the willingness of residents to pay for building health parameters. It was observed that about 87% of the residents of the estate are civil servants, while about 45% of them earn a monthly income between 50,000 – 100,00. Also, 62% of the residents pay a moderate rental value of 100,000 – 150,000. Residents are willing to pay as high as 30,000 annually for good water (3.5), cross ventilation (2.91) and good ceiling (2.81). However, about 60% of the residents are not satisfied with the level of noise in the estate. Also, about 65% are not satisfied with water and sanitation. The study therefore recommends provision of central boreholes, employment of sanitation workers and community participation for the achievement of affordable healthy buildings in the estate.
Custos com recursos humanos em hemodiálise: análise do regime de sobre aviso e horas extras
Authors: Silva Gabriela Alves Vieira da , Oliveira Renata Lorenzen de , Saito Katya Araújo Machado
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o custo e a viabilidade financeira do regime de sobreaviso e horas extras dos profissionais de enfermagem do setor de Hemodiálise e propor intervenções que favoreçam a racionalização dos recursos financeiros nesta unidade. Método: levantamento da literatura pertinente em bases de dados acadêmicas; identificação da realidade através de análise de documentos como folha de ponto, escala de sobre aviso, descrição de horas extras, comprovantes de pagamento de táxi e reembolso quilometragem; e construção do Diagrama de Ishikawa para evidenciar o problema e suas causas. Resultados: o custo com o regime de sobre aviso e horas extras no setor de hemodiálise em um período de 18 meses foi de R$ 198.996,59 (média mensal R$ 11.005,39), verificou-se que 70% deste valor deve-se ao pagamento de sobre aviso. Foi proposto duas intervenções distintas, as quais economizaram em 18 meses aproximadamente R$ 73.730,99 (média mensal RS 4.096,16) e 82.814,40 (média mensal R$ 4.600,80), tais propostas aguardam avaliação dos gestores responsáveis para possível implantação. Conclusão: a construção deste estudo contribuiu de maneira a aprimorar e desenvolver o conhecimento teórico-prático sobre a gestão financeira e otimização de recursos, podendo servir também como incentivo/modelo para outras unidades iniciarem ações visando a racionalização de recursos financeiros.
Descritores: Custos; Recursos Humanos; Hemodiálise; Horas Extras; Sobreaviso.
Purchasing Decision Judging from Product Design, Product Quality, and Brand Image
Authors: Yuniarti Novita Ika , Kustiyah Eny
Published: May 2021

The two-wheeler industry in Indonesia has a very positive trend. Advanced technology science as a means of smoothing the flow of communication and transportation, which causes very competitive competition. This study aims to test product design, product quality, the brand image on the purchase decision of a Mio motorcycle at a Yamaha Sumber Baru Dealer Rejeki Kartasura. The research sample was 70 consumers and used the multiple linear regression method. The results of product design, product quality, a brand image simultaneously and partially have a significant effect on the purchase decision of the Mio Motor at Yamaha Sumber Baru Dealer Rejeki Kartasura. Three independent variables can explain the purchase decision.
Atractylenolide III Protects Cardiomyocytes from Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertrophy and Apoptosis
Authors: Lou Hongchao , Xie Hanhua , Lu Naimian , Liu Lin , Liang Wen , Tian Jinglin , An Guoyin
Published: May 2021

Heart failure is a type of heart disease that causes increased pressure in the heart or a decrease in cardiac output. Unfortunately, despite seriousness of the condition there is a lack of effective early diagnostic markers or effective pharmacotherapy. Atractylodes is known as a tonic herb in ethno-medical systems in East Asia, especially in China, for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction, cancer, osteoporosis, obesity, and fetal irritability. Atractylodes Lactone III is the main active component of Atractylodes rhizome. Atractylodes Lactone III increases the survival and inhibits apoptosis of H9C2 cells induced by angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is closely involved in apoptosis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis of cardiomyocytes, and may be an important cause of the deterioration of cardiovascular disease. Although, Atractylodes Lactone III reduces angiotensin II-induced H9C2 cell hypertrophy by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway, the detailed mechanism remains poorly understood. Additionally, inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway inhibits the myocardial protective effect of Atractylodes Lactone III. We therefore hypothesized that Atractylodes Lactone III could serve as a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of heart failure.
Organizational and resource support of the mechanism of innovative risk management of enterprises of processing enterprises of Ukraine
Authors: POSOKHOV Ihor , ZHADAN Yuliia , KABYSH Anna , PADALKA Pavlo
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The study found that іn modern conditions, the study of organizational and resource provision of the mechanism of innovative risk management of enterprises of the oil and fat industry of Ukraine – an urgent problem, the solution of which will ensure effective risk management of enterprises of the oil and fat industry.
The analysis of publications on the problems of forming the enterprise management mechanism showed that the mechanism of innovative risk management (MIRM) of oil and fat enterprises of Ukraine needs proper coverage as a necessary component of the enterprise management mechanism. Therefore, we believe that we should focus on the study of this problem.
The purpose of the paper is to study and develop organizational and resource provision of the mechanism of innovative risk management of processing enterprises.
Results. The organizational and resource provision of the mechanism of innovative risk management (MIRM) in the management system of the oil and fat industry of Ukraine and the analysis of its main components are offered. Issues of risk management of processing enterprises should be in the competence of highly qualified risk management specialists with professional education, practical experience in risk management in industrial enterprises and the desire for lifelong learning using both electronic corporate educational resources and training, seminars, conferences. To attract them, a system of motivation of professional risk managers should be developed, which will include material and moral incentives for risk management specialists, social programs and the provision of opportunities for lifelong learning at the expense of processing enterprises.
Conclusions. Improved scientific and methodological approach to the implementation of the mechanism of innovative risk management of processing enterprises based on the use of organizational and resource support and includes organizational and managerial, personnel, financial, information-analytical, material-technical (software), documentation and legal support to improve management efficiency risks of processing enterprises.