bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa dengan Model Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Maharani Etsya Putri Dwi , Yuniati Suci , Rahmi Depriwana , Kurniati Annisah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa. Aplikasi ini tercermin dalam hasil penelitian dari 45 jurnal sebelumnya yang berpartisipasi dalam meta analisis ini. Sebuah meta analisis adalah review dari hasil beberapa studi tentang topik serupa. Dalam penelitian ini, dokumen tertulis penilaian formatif menjadi unit analisis dan laporan penelitian diambil secara purposive sampling, yakni berdasarkan kesesuaian tema penelitian. Instrumen utama adalah peneliti sendiri dengan bantuan peneliti lain. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif hasil penelitian naratif studi temuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa model pembelajaran matematika yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
Efektivitas Model Problem-Based Learning Terhadap Berpikir Kritis dengan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi pada Peserta Didik SMKN 1 Cerme
Authors: Ni'mah Fadhilatun , Asari Slamet , Huda Syaiful
Published: March 2024

Model pembelajaran menggunakan problem-based learning menjadi salah satu cara yang diterapkan oleh pengajar untuk dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir siswa. Dalam menerapkan problem-based learning, terdapat pembelajaran berdiferensiasi yang diterapkan sehingga setiap anak dapat memperoleh pengajaran sesuai kemampuannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa efektivitas model pembelajaran problem-based learning terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi pada peserta didik SMKN 1 Cerme. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan paired t-test untuk dapat menguji efektivitas antara problem-based learning terhadap berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat efektivitas antara problem-based learning terhadap berpikir kritis menggunakan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi pada peserta didik SMKN 1 Cerme pada kelompok “mahir”, “siap”, dan “berkembang”.
Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Realistik melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Penggunaan Media Kulit Jeruk dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Al Wildan Islamic School
Authors: Wieka Septiyana  , Ramzil Huda Zarista  , Suyanto  , Ati Adi Yanti
Published: March 2024

This service activity aims to improve students' mathematical abilities in learning mathematics through training on the use of orange peel media in realistic mathematics learning. Technically, the implementation of the designed training activities is as follows: 1) Planning. At this stage, the team identified problems that occurred by observing the school and interviewing students directly. This aims to find out students' opinions and the obstacles they face while participating in class learning. From the results of these interviews, the team concluded that the topic of discussion that many students had problems with was the concept of building space. 2) Preparation. The team held discussions with teachers at the service site to determine the subjects involved and confirm the prerequisite material. Apart from that, tasks are distributed to teams so that learning can run optimally and be enjoyable. 3) Implementation. The implementation of the service was welcomed by the Principal and Mathematics Teachers. Mathematics teachers are also involved in guiding students using orange peel media when the service is carried out. 4) Evaluation and Reporting. At this stage, the team carries out an evaluation after the service activities are completed and compiles them into a service report for publication.
Peningkatan Kompetensi dan Skill Petugas Statistik Diskominfo Provinsi Jambi melalui Pelatihan Penggunaan Software Mortpak dan PAST 4.03 serta Platform Canva
Authors: Bunga Bunga Mardhotillah , Zuli Rodhiyah  , Revis Asra  , Zurweni  , Edi Elisa
Published: March 2024

The Jambi Province Communication and Information Office (Dinas Kominfo) is an agency who carry out work based on Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Government Regions, with one of the affairs being the main task and function, namely statistical affairs sectoral. Regional Sectoral Statistics Performance refers to Presidential Regulation Number 39 of 2019 concerning One Indonesian Data (SDI), BPS Perka Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Regional Sectoral Statistics. According to Law No. 16 of 1997 concerning Statistics, the types of statistics based on the purpose of their use consist of basic statistics which fully organized by BPS, sectoral statistics carried out by government agencies independently or together with BPS, as well as special statistics organized by institutions, organizations, individuals, and or other elements of society independently or together with BPS. Results Statistics organized by BPS are published in the Official Statistics Gazette (BRS) regularly and transparent so that the public can easily find out and or obtain the required data. Law No. 16/1997 also stipulates the establishment of the Statistical Society Forum as a forum to accommodate the aspirations of the statistical community, which is tasked with providing advice and consideration to BPS. These important points realize the implementation of the National Statistical System reliable and, effective. The role of Sectoral Statistics that must be carried out by the Ministry of Communication and Informatics is related to the provision of data development sector, assisting statistical activities in Other institutions, as well as any performance related to the methodology, education, and training in sectoral statistics. Data collection, presentation, and publication of quality data by the Ministry of Communication and Informatics, cannot be separated from the role of officers statisticians and data collectors. With regard to this Community Service (PPM) Program, the PPM Team In general, it is observed that in carrying out their work, Field Data Collecting Officers and Data Entry Officers often experience difficulties in terms of classification of data for each sector that is a priority for development, especially sectors Environment and Ecology. Entry clerks sometimes only present data individually descriptive in Ms. Excel, without being processed and without further analysis on certain software, in particular related to demographic, ecological, and environmental data. As a solution to the performance problems of Statistics/Data Collection Officers At the Jambi Province Communications and Information Office, upgrading was given in the form of training in the use of Mortpak software and training in data collection for the environmental sector and ecology.
The Role of Cognates and Language Distance in Simultaneous Bilingual Children’s Productive Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Koutamanis Elly , Kootstra Gerrit Jan , Dijkstra Ton , Unsworth Sharon
Published: March 2024

This study examined the influence of cognate status and language distance on simultaneous bilingual children’s vocabulary acquisition. It aimed to tease apart effects of word-level similarities and language-level similarities, while also exploring the role of individual-level variation in age, exposure, and non-target language proficiency. Children simultaneously acquiring two closely related languages (n = 203) or two more distant languages (n = 109) performed extended versions of the LITMUS Cross-linguistic Lexical Task (CLT; Haman et al., 2015), a productive vocabulary test with words varying in their phonological similarity to their translation equivalents. Children speaking closely related languages obtained higher vocabulary scores than children speaking more distant languages, who showed a stronger positive effect of phonological similarity. The effect of language distance on vocabulary was not solely driven by the presence of (near-)identical cognates in the test. These findings show that similarities beyond specific test items and/or beyond the phonological level play a role in vocabulary acquisition.
Unifying Rules for Simplified Information Processing in Action – Less is More
Authors: Voigt Laura , Raab Markus , Masters Rich , Eckardt Valeria , Grove Patricia , Hoskens Merel , Laborde Sylvain , Park So Hyun , Pizzera Alexandra , Redlich Dennis , Sidhu Amanpreet , Sullivan Robyn , Uiga Liis , Nieuwenhuys Arne
Published: March 2024

This article seeks to integrate motor heuristics (Raab, 2017) and movement analogies (Masters, 2000) into a new theory, the Theory of Simplified Information Processing in Action. Following the two-step theory integration program by Gigerenzer (2017), we first describe the commonalities and differences of empirical phenomena associated with motor heuristics and movement analogies, before we analyze how the two concepts produce functionally equivalent outcomes. Both motor heuristics and movement analogies try to explain how motor control and motor learning can be optimized, especially in circumstances of potential information overload. They emphasize the power of simplicity, postulating that “less-is-more” when it comes to the information that needs to be processed to enable successful sports performance. Motor heuristics simplify movement selection by rank ordering information, whereas movement analogies are thought to simplify movement execution by chunking information. We consider rank ordering and chunking as functionally equivalent cognitive means to achieve simplified information processing during actions and, thus, facilitating motor performance in circumstances of potential information overload. The Theory of Simplified Information Processing in Action encourages researchers to investigate underlying mechanisms of simplified information processing during actions and informs practitioners how to stabilize and improve performance by simplifying information processing.
The inter-relationship between word learning, native phonology and production practice through cross-situational statistics
Authors: Bennett Sophie , Fernandes João Dinis , Correia Susana , Monaghan Padraic , Rebuschat Patrick
Published: March 2024

Non-native speakers may have difficulty in learning words with non-native sound sequences (e.g., Flege & Bohn, 2021). Furthermore, the extent to which knowledge obtained from practising one skill, such as listening, may transfer to another skill, such as speaking, is a contentious debate (e.g., Li & DeKeyser, 2017). We investigated how native phonology and production practice affects comprehension and speech production of novel non-native words. We used a cross-situational learning paradigm (CSL) to train native speakers of English on pseudowords containing a non-native European Portuguese nasal vowel. The effect of comprehension versus production practice was manipulated to measure the effect of task modality on learning words containing native and non-native sounds. In the CSL task, comprehension improved but pseudoword repetition accuracy declined over training.We observed no effect of task modality in the CSL task or the comprehension test, except a significant effect of production practice on accuracy in the production test. There was also no effect of native phonology in either the CSL task or the comprehension test. There was, however, a significant learning effect of nasal word types in the main analysis of the production test, contrary to our predictions. Our general findings support the robustness of CSL for novel word comprehension, rather than word production performance.
Cross-situational learning of foreign words in younger and older adults
Authors: Ge Yuxin , Lee Yun-Wei , Jin Ziyi , Correia Susana , Rebuschat Patrick
Published: March 2024

Whereas statistical learning, the tracking of regularities in the environment, has been found to be critical in language acquisition, limited research has investigated how this process works for the older population. In the present study, we addressed this gap by comparing older and younger adults’ performance in a cross-situational word learning paradigm, where participants learned novel word-referent mappings via statistical tracking of co-occurrences across multiple trials. Moreover, we tested whether this learning process was affected by previous experience with multiple languages (i.e., the bilingualism effect). We found that both age groups successfully learned non-native words after a short exposure, confirming that statistical learning ability is preserved in late adulthood. The two groups, however, differed in their learning trajectories and the younger group outperformed the older group during the later stages of learning. Previous language experience did not predict learning outcomes. Our findings have implications for language education in the older population, suggesting that implicit exposure is powerful for older adults learning a foreign language.
Processes and Statuses of Parental Identity at Different Stages of Parenthood
Authors: Piotrowski Konrad , Dzielińska Michalina , Lasota Marta
Published: March 2024

The study aimed to verify whether parents at different stages of parenthood differ in the intensity of three identity processes in the parental domain: commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment. We also examined whether there were differences between men and women in this context. We jointly analyzed results from seven independent cross-sectional samples examined between 2017 and 2022 in Poland. A total of 5454 parents aged 18 to 59 participated in the studies at different stages of parenthood: up to 3 years after becoming a parent, being a parent for 4 to 7 years, being a parent for 8 to 12 years and being a parent for 13 years or more. Parents at different stages of parenthood were found to have significantly different levels of in-depth exploration and reconsideration of commitment. The results suggest that in the first years of parenthood, parents experience a relatively high in-depth exploration and reconsideration of commitment, which may decrease over time. The analyses also indicated that women are characterized by higher levels of in-depth exploration than men at each stage of parenthood. Men, on the other hand, experience stronger identity uncertainty related to their role as a parent.
Do Facial Masks Influence Joint Attention Between Infants and Their Caregivers?
Authors: Wermelinger Stephanie , Daum Moritz M. , Mörsdorf Lea , Baldenweg Charlotte
Published: March 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, children frequently interacted with people wearing facial masks. Little is known, however, about how this affects young children’sinteractions with their caregivers. In this within-subjects study, we explored whetherfacial masks influence young children’s initiation and response to joint attention. Wemeasured joint attention episodes in interactions of 12- to 15-month-old infants withone of their caregivers using two standardised and free-play tasks. In one experimental condition, the caregivers wore a facial mask; in the other, they did not. The results show no significant differences in joint attention between the two conditions. Infants may have interacted with their caregivers wearing facial masks previously and are not influenced in their joint attention when the lower part of the caregiver’s face is concealed. Preface: This paper is associated with the paper “How Do Facial Masks Impact Infants’ Joint Attention?”. In the current text, we describe additional hypotheses and report the according analyses, results, and discussion.
Limited Consensus on What Climate Anxiety is: Insights from Content Overlap Analysis on 12 Questionnaires
Authors: van Dijk Silke , van Schie Kevin , Smeets Tom , Mertens Gaëtan
Published: March 2024

Climate anxiety is a phenomenon that is gaining importance due to the general public’s increased awareness of the worsening climate crisis. At present, climate anxiety is not operationalized consistently across the existing literature. It is important to gain more consensus on the definition and operationalization of climate anxiety to facilitate reliable and generalizable research and to further develop interventions. Content analysis can contribute to this by providing insight into the overlap in the content of climate anxiety measures. With a systematic search, this study identified and analyzed 12 distinct scales measuring climate anxiety. The 119 items covered a total of 57 disparate symptoms. Jaccard indices showed that the mean overlap between symptoms of different climate anxiety scales was generally very low, as was the overlap between pairwise comparisons of climate anxiety scales. These results highlight the lack of uniformity in assessing climate anxiety and the need to properly define and operationalize this concept. The potential reasons for low overlap and how this might impact the reliability and validity of existing measures are discussed. It is critical that future work aims at finding consensus on the definition of climate anxiety (e.g., through a Delphi study) and psychometrically comparing the different questionnaires.
People Accurately Predict the Shape of Skill Learning Curves
Authors: Zhang Xiuyuan , McDougle Samuel D , Leonard Julia
Published: March 2024

Decades of research have shown that skill learning often unfolds exponentially — people improve rapidly early on, and then performance gradually levels off. Given how important expectations of learning are for actual learning, we explored whether people accurately intuit this canonical time course of skill learning. Across five pre-registered experiments (n = 375), we find that people correctly predict that skill learning (error reductions over time) on a novel visuomotor task will follow an exponential decay function, both for an imagined naïve player and for themselves, before engaging with the task. Moreover, people are sensitive to conditions that merit exponential learning and only predict these curves when an imagined player puts in effort and the task is not too difficult. Lastly, although people accurately represent the overall shape of learning, they misestimate specific parameters which may have negative downstream effects on real-world learning outcomes.
Modifiable factors associated with mental health in child language disorder: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Hill Elizabeth , Wilmot Adrienne , Leitao Suze , Jackson Emily , Jones Kat , Boyes Mark Edward
Published: March 2024

Objective: This review aims to identify and describe modifiable third factors associated with mental health in the context of child language disorder. Child language disorder is linked to an increased risk of mental health problems, yet the reasons for this association remain unclear. Understanding the factors influencing mental health outcomes in these children is crucial for targeted interventions. While a recent review on dyslexia has highlighted modifiable factors related to mental health, no such review exists for oral language disorder in childhood. This study seeks to fill this gap.Eligibility Criteria: The review will consider qualitative and quantitative studies published in English, including peer-reviewed literature, dissertations/theses, and sources with participants aged 24 years or younger. Adult participants reporting on childhood experiences of mental health, as well as proxy reports (e.g., parents), will be considered. The review will not consider non-English studies, reviews, books, protocols, and theoretical/opinion pieces. No restrictions will be placed on time or place of publication.Methods: This review will be guided by JBI guidelines. The following databases will be searched: ProQuest, PsycInfo, Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, and Embase. Covidence will be used for review, with two independent reviewers applying eligibility criteria during title/abstract and full-text screening. Discrepancies will be resolved through discussion or with a third party.Results/Conclusion: The results will outline key findings and gaps in current literature. A socioecological framework will be used to categorise modifiable third factors at child-, family-, and community-levels. The outcomes, disseminated through publications and plain language summaries, may inform mental health and child language disorder conferences and guide future research directions.
Education-based affective attitudes. Higher educated-bias is related to more political trust and less populism
Authors: van Noord Jochem , Kuppens Toon , Spruyt Bram , Kavadias Leandros , Darnon Céline , Marot Medhi
Published: March 2024

Recent political trends and events have been marked by strong educational differences. Additionally, education has also been shown to be a basis for group identity and group conflict. In this paper, we argue that educational groups are likely to understand their position in society and their inclusion or exclusion (in politics) as being related to their educational level. Thus, it is likely that education-based affective attitudes are related to evaluations of the societal and political status quo. Using data from nine European countries, this article charts the relationships of higher educated-bias (i.e., the preference for higher educated compared to less educated groups) with different political outcomes. In analyses of preregistered hypotheses, we demonstrate that the higher educated show ingroup bias, in particular those who identify strongly with their educational group. The less educated do not show (significant) ingroup bias. Those who have a stronger (positive) bias towards the higher educated display more political trust and satisfaction with democracy, and are less likely to be populist. We measured support for populism in four different ways with populist attitudes, populist voting, affective attitudes towards populist party supporters compared with mainstream party supporters, and identification with ‘the common people’.
Compliance with open access mandates and its effects on research visibility: the case of the Spanish National Plan of R&D
Authors: Sastrón-Toledo Pablo , Alonso-Álvarez Patricia , Mañana-Rodríguez Jorge
Published: March 2024

This paper evaluates the Spanish open access (OA hereafter) mandate and its effects on Spanish research from 2014 to 2019. First, the degree of compliance with the mandate is studied. Then, classification trees and regression models are applied to determine the factors that are correlated with publishing in OA, and the implications of OA types in terms of the impact and visibility of academic articles. Results show that the compliance rate increased by 9% during the studied period, with a prevalence of gold and green OA routes. Moreover, the classification tree points towards the institutions' nature and the research areas as the variables that better explain OA publishing. We argue that the commitment and the institutions’ policies regarding OA, and the different availability of OA journals within research fields influence the decision of publishing in OA. Last, we study how these practices affect research’s visibility and impact. We found that, in general, publishing in OA is beneficial for researchers, especially if they choose the green route. Further research at faculty or departmental level might be helpful to discern the best strategies to encourage open access publishing.
Building Schools & Communities that Prevent Suicide: The Final Report of the Social Worlds & Youth Well-Being Study, Western Slope, Colorado
Authors: Abrutyn Seth , Mueller Anna S. , Diefendorf Sarah , Gallagher Robert , Zhang Jienian , Beard Lauren , Beardall Katie A. , Brantez Jessica , DeCrane Olivia , Ortiz Roberto D. , Parrott Brindin , Steinberg Hillary
Published: March 2024

This report presents findings from the Social Worlds & Youth Well-Being Study, Western Slope (a pseudonym), Colorado, examines the impact of social environments on youth’s mental health and resilience to identify strategies for improving youth suicide prevention in schools and communities. This report presents results from interview, fieldwork, and survey data collected between August 2019-September 2023 in Western Slope Public School District (WSPSD) (a pseudonym), in Western Slope, Colorado. Combined, this data represents 281 interviews with youth, school staff, parents, and community mental health providers; 36 months of fieldwork in schools and at school and community events; and two different surveys, one with WSPSD families (n=701) and one with WSPSD school staff (n=568). In this report, we identify eight areas we observed as critical to promoting youth well-being and preventing suicide: (1) Listening to youth voices; (2) enabling staff’s suicide prevention work; (3) integrating the whole child in the aims of education; (4) expanding the culture of belonging; (5) including mental health in multi-tiered system of supports; (6) overcoming communication barriers (particularly for non-English speaking families); (7) improving trauma responsiveness; and (8) having clear and evidence-based protocols at the district level. The report offers concrete policy recommendations for school staff, families, and the broader community.
Beyond Deadlock Low Hanging Fruit and Strict yet Achievable Options in AWS Regulation
Authors: Zając Maciej
Published: March 2024

Efforts to ban Autonomous Weapon Systems were both unsuccessful and controversial. Simultaneously the need to address the detrimental aspects of AWS development and proliferation continues to grow in scope and urgency. The article presents several regulatory solutions capable of addressing the issue while simultaneously respecting the requirements of military necessity and so attracting a broad consensus. Two much stricter solutions – regional AWS bans and adoption of a no first use policy – are also presented as fallback strategies in case achieving AWS’ compliance with the Laws of Armed Conflict proved elusive. Together, the solutions presented form an outline of a flexible regulatory strategy able to adjust to different technological outcomes and providing a sensible compromise to solve the current deadlock on the AWS issue.
“Even though I’m not an incel, I’m still an involuntary celibate”: A journey in and out of inceldom.
Authors: Smith David , Butler-Warke Alice , Stevens Gemma
Published: March 2024

Incels, or involuntary celibates, represent a sub-section of the manosphere: an informal confederacy of digital communities where men construct and strengthen anti-feminist/male hegemonic narratives. Inceldom represents a beta masculine identity, with members placing themselves at the bottom of a natural hierarchy. Bonded by a shared belief in their genetic inferiority and ensuing sexual marginalization, they are depressed and angered by the perceived permanence of their circumstances. In extreme cases, this outlook has been linked to acts of mass murder. The present study investigated how these digital communities attract young men, why they stay, and how they can be supported to leave. Online interviews were conducted with ex-incels to study why they joined incel communities, stayed in them, and later left. Thematic analysis identified six key themes, representing key stages across their journey in and out of inceldom: i) involuntary celibacy before inceldom; ii) "fucked by the world"; iii) failing with women = failing at life; iv) a safe space; vi) online de-radicalization; and vi) residue. Combined, they demonstrate how insular online spaces further isolate and radicalize socially inhibited young men.
Learning from Outliers: Identifying and Learning from High-Challenge Schools with Exceptional Learning Recovery
Authors: Pendola Andrew , Marshall David T. , Pressley Tim
Published: March 2024

This project aims to gain insight into the mechanisms by which schools in highly challenging environments avoided learning loss—or even improved—during the pandemic. Employing an explanatory mixed methods research design to identify and learn from schools with exceptional post-pandemic learning recovery. For the first phase, we used a unique dataset covering multiple levels of school, health, and environmental data, we examine which factors led schools to ‘beat the odds’ when it comes to learning recovery. Results demonstrate that recovery was most prominent among schools with higher populations of Hispanic and LEP students, and those situated in communities marked by higher levels of education and employment. These results also suggest that unobserved factors, such as district and school leadership, teacher quality and capacity, resource deployment, or learning modality choices differentiated recovery outlier schools from less recovered schools. The second phase of the project involved conducting field work in four of the schools identified in the first phase. Findings revealed that school personnel, strong school culture embedded in community, and supportive leadership were crucial in fostering resilience and academic recovery during and following the pandemic.
First-principles study of structural, electronic and magnetic properties of diluted magnetic semiconductor and superlattices based‏ on Cr-doped ZnS and ZnSe compounds in wurtzite-type crystal
Authors: Hadj Zoubir Miloud , Cheref Oualid , Merabet Mostefa , Benalia Salah-Eddine , Djoudi Lakhdar , Rached Djamel , Boucharef M.
Published: March 2024

We performed first-principle calculations to investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of ZnS and ZnSe binary compounds, Zn0.5Cr0.5S and Zn0.5Cr0.5Se DMS alloys and (ZnS)2/Zn0.5Cr0.5Se and (ZnSe)2/Zn0.5Cr0.5S superlattices in the wurtzite structure using the full potential linear muffin–tin orbital  (FP-LMTO) method. Features such as lattice constant, modulus of compressibility and its first derivative, spin-polarized band structures, total and local or partial electronic densities of states and magnetic properties were calculated. The electronic structure shows that Zn0.5Cr0.5S and Zn0.5Cr0.5Se DMS alloys and (ZnS)2/Zn0.5Cr0.5Se and (ZnSe)2/Zn0.5Cr0.5S superlattices are half-metallic ferromagnetic with 100% complete spin polarization. The total magnetic moments calculated show the same integer value of 4 µB, which confirms the ferromagnetic half-metallic behavior of these compounds. We found that the ferromagnetic state is stabilized by the p-d exchange associated with the double-exchange mechanism. Zn0.5Cr0.5S and Zn0.5Cr0.5Se DMS alloys and (ZnS)2/Zn0.5Cr0.5Se and (ZnSe)2/Zn0.5Cr0.5S  superlattices are shown to be promising new candidates for applications in the fields of spintronics.
Prototipo de un monitor de ozono, basado en el método de absorción UV, fabricado con materiales impresos 3D y electrónica implementada en PSoC 5
Authors: Collazo Rodríguez Gerardo , Moreno Casillas Hector Aurelio , Flores García Francisco Gerardo , Valdés Perezgasga Francisco , Hernández Jácquez José Irving
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo se presenta el diseño y la fabricación de un prototipo para medición de ozono, en el cual se utilizan materiales de fácil adquisición. El propósito de este diseño es proporcionar una alternativa robusta y menos costosa de fabricar un dispositivo de medición de ozono que puede ser extendida a otros gases. El método de medición se basa en la Ley De Beer-Lamberth. Se utiliza un LED (light-emitting diode) UV como fuente y un fotodiodo como detector de luz. La muestra de aire interactúa con la luz en el interior de una celda de absorción, fabricada en una impresora 3D usando como material PLA (Polylactic Acid). La amplificación y el procesamiento de la señal, se realizaron mediante una tarjeta electrónica PSoC (Programable System on Chip). Se observó un buen comportamiento de todos los componentes, tanto electrónicos como impresos 3D. Se lograron realizar mediciones en un rango de 0 a 100 ppm con una exactitud de ± 5 ppm.
Synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide as dielectric material for parallel plate capacitor
Authors: Bili Noviana Ice Bili , Meliyanti Anafiarsih Meliyanti , Hariyanti Tutut Hariyanti , Ariswan Ariswan , Dwandaru Wipsar Sunu Brams Dwandaru
Published: March 2024

Graphite acts as an electrical conductor due to the delocalization of electrons between the surfaces. Graphene oxide (GO) is produced by using graphite via the Hummers method. Reduced GO (rGO) is a form of GO where the oxygen content has been reduced due to chemical, thermal, and other processes. In this study, we have produced a prototype of capacitors containing the synthesized rGO with variation of the rGO mass, i.e.: 0 g., 0,2 g; and 0,8 g. Than we compare the capacitance values obtained from the capacitors using a multitester. Characterizations of the rGO are conducted using XRD, UV-Vis, and FTIR. The results of the UV-Vis test show peak at a wavelength of 300 nm indicating absorption of rGO. The XRD test shows a transition from GO to rGO in an amorphous phase. Finally, the FTIR tests produce transmittance bands from the functional groups of CO2, CO, and OH. This paper shows that the capacitance values of the capacitor using rGO material is greater than using graphite material. It means that rGO is capable of storing more charges than graphite. The highest capacitance value is obtained for the capacitor with 0.2 g rGO, i.e.: 165,02 µF.
A thermo-magnetic bag model for the quark-gluon plasma
Authors: Valenzuela-Coronado Paulina Fernanda , Tejeda Yeomans Maria Elena , Torres-Arenas Jose
Published: March 2024

In this work we study the pressure of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in the presence of a weak magnetic field, using a minimally enhanced model of a weakly interacting gas of quasi-particles in a thermal bath. We include the magnetic field effects through the quark mass that has been modified using a recently proposed thermo-magnetic coupling. This thermo-magnetic coupling emerges form the quark-gluon vertex in the HTL approximation [1]. We use Lattice QCD [2] data, to constrain the thermo-magnetic bag function of the quasi-particle model and provide an estimate of the thermo-magnetic vacuum energy density. We then compute the transverse pressure of the system and compare with similar results from the literature. We find that the inverse magnetic catalysis already built within this thermo-magnetic coupling allows a robust description of this Lattice QCD data for the pressure of the QGP in the presence of a weak magnetic field. The extension to the thermal quasi-particle model we have introduced here, makes it easier to pursue further phenomenological studies that require simulations with an EoS that has integrable quasi-particle thermodynamic variables which have the general features of lattice data in the weak magnetic field regime.
Bright soliton of Stochastic perturbed Biswas-Milovic equation with cubic-quintic-septic law having multiplicative white noise
Authors: Ozdemir Neslihan , Altun Selvi , Ozisik Muslum , Secer Aydin , Bayram Mustafa
Published: March 2024

For the first time, the adopted stochastic form of the perturbed Biswas-Milovic equation with cubic-quintic-septic law having spatio-temporal and chromatic dispersion in the presence of multiplicative white noise in Ito sense was presented and examined. The Biswas-Milovic equation ˆ models numerous physical phenomena occurring in optical fiber. We analyzed the optical soliton solutions of the stochastic model with the aid of a subversion of the new extended auxiliary equation method. Furthermore, we investigated the evaluation of the noise impacts and the effects of some model parameters on the dynamics of the generated soliton. Finally, graphical depictions of the derived soliton types were represented for some solution functions. The stochastic model and the derived results will contribute to the comprehension of the nonlinear dynamics of pulse propagation in optical fibers which has great importance for the advancement of optical communication engineering.
Precursor influence on the raman spectrum of KNNLiTaLa0.01 prepared by two different methods
Authors: Fuentes J. , Hmok Hlinh , Portelles J. , Bedolla Valdez Z.I. , Rebellon Watsona J.F. , Lopez Noda R , De Armas Figueroa Y , Siqueiros Beltrones J.M.
Published: March 2024

This work presents a study of ceramics with the (K0.44Na0.52Li0.04)0.97La0.01Nb0.9Ta0.1O3 composition through their Raman spectra. In the previous studies [1], this particular composition has shown good permittivity and piezoelectric parameter values that justify a deeper investigation. Two sets of samples of these ceramic compounds were prepared using different methods. The first set was prepared using a classical solid-state reaction of oxides and carbonates, as described in Ref. 2. The second set was prepared using the NaNbO3 as a precursor. The Raman spectra of the samples obtained by the direct ceramic method consisted of 4 modes. In contrast, the spectra of the samples obtained using the precursor showed a shift of the wavenumber of the A1g(ν1) mode peak towards lower values and consisted of six modes with the appearance of two additional IR modes, F1u(ν3) and F2g(ν4). Notably, the use of the precursor preparation route led to important improvements resulting in a more straightforward method than that of Saito et al. [3].
Use of a machine learning algorithm with a focus on spinopelvic parameters to predict development of symptomatic tethered cord after initial untethering surgery
Authors: Punchak Maria A. , Bond Kamila M. , Wathen Connor A. , Hollawell Madison L. , Zhao Chao , Sarris Christina , Flanders Tracy M. , Madsen Peter J. , Tucker Alexander M. , Heuer Gregory G.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Among patients with a history of prior lipomyelomeningocele repair, an association between increased lumbosacral angle (LSA) and cord retethering has been described. The authors sought to build a predictive algorithm to determine which complex tethered cord patients will develop the symptoms of spinal cord retethering after initial surgical repair with a focus on spinopelvic parameters.

METHODS

An electronic medical record database was reviewed to identify patients with complex tethered cord (e.g., lipomyelomeningocele, lipomyeloschisis, myelocystocele) who underwent detethering before 12 months of age between January 1, 2008, and June 30, 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the patient population. The Caret package in R was used to develop a machine learning model that predicted symptom development by using spinopelvic parameters.

RESULTS

A total of 72 patients were identified (28/72 [38.9%] were male). The most commonly observed dysraphism was lipomyelomeningocele (41/72 [56.9%]). The mean ± SD age at index MRI was 2.1 ± 2.2 months, at which time 87.5% of patients (63/72) were asymptomatic. The mean ± SD lumbar lordosis at the time of index MRI was 23.8° ± 11.1°, LSA was 36.5° ± 12.3°, sacral inclination was 30.4° ± 11.3°, and sacral slope was 23.0° ± 10.5°. Overall, 39.6% (25/63) of previously asymptomatic patients developed new symptoms during the mean ± SD follow-up period of 44.9 ± 47.2 months. In the recursive partitioning model, patients whose LSA increased at a rate ≥ 5.84°/year remained asymptomatic, whereas those with slower rates of LSA change experienced neurological decline (sensitivity 77.5%, specificity 84.9%, positive predictive value 88.9%, and negative predictive value 70.9%).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to build a machine learning algorithm to predict symptom development of spinal cord retethering after initial surgical repair. The authors found that, after initial surgery, patients who demonstrate a slower rate of LSA change per year may be at risk of developing neurological symptoms.
Risk factors of emergency department visits following elective cervical and lumbar surgical procedures: a multi-institution analysis from the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Ogunsola Oludotun , Linzey Joseph R. , Zaki Mark M. , Chang Victor , Schultz Lonni R. , Springer Kylie , Abdulhak Muwaffak , Khalil Jad G. , Schwalb Jason M. , Aleem Ilyas , Nerenz David R. , Perez-Cruet Miguelangelo , Easton Richard , Soo Teck M. , Tong Doris , Park Paul
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Emergency department visits 90 days after elective spinal surgery are relatively common, with rates ranging from 9% to 29%. Emergency visits are very costly, so their reduction is of importance. This study’s objective was to evaluate the reasons for emergency department visits and determine potentially modifiable risk factors.

METHODS

This study retrospectively reviewed data queried from the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MSSIC) registry from July 2020 to November 2021. MSSIC is a multicenter (28-hospital) registry of patients undergoing cervical and lumbar degenerative spinal surgery. Adult patients treated for elective cervical and/or lumbar spine surgery for degenerative pathology (spondylosis, intervertebral disc disease, low-grade spondylolisthesis) were included. Emergency department visits within 90 days of surgery (outcome measure) were analyzed utilizing univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

RESULTS

Of 16,224 patients, 2024 (12.5%) presented to the emergency department during the study period, most commonly for pain related to spinal surgery (31.5%), abdominal problems (15.8%), and pain unrelated to the spinal surgery (12.8%). On multivariate analysis, age (per 5-year increase) (relative risk [RR] 0.94, 95% CI 0.92–0.95), college education (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69–0.96), private insurance (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70–0.89), and preoperative ambulation status (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.97) were associated with decreased emergency visits. Conversely, Black race (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.13–1.51), current diabetes (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.26), history of deep venous thromboembolism (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.16–1.43), history of depression (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.25), history of anxiety (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19–1.46), history of osteoporosis (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09–1.34), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06–1.34), American Society of Anesthesiologists class > II (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08–1.29), and length of stay > 3 days (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.16–1.44) were associated with increased emergency visits.

CONCLUSIONS

The most common reasons for emergency department visits were surgical pain, abdominal dysfunction, and pain unrelated to index spinal surgery. Increased focus on postoperative pain management and bowel regimen can potentially reduce emergency visits. The risks of diabetes, history of osteoporosis, depression, and anxiety are areas for additional preoperative screening.
Pediatric thoracic outlet syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Price Anthony , Fredricks Nathan , Truong Nina , North Robert Y.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a complex disorder affecting the neurovascular structures of the upper extremity as they traverse from the neck and thorax to the upper extremity. This systematic review and meta-analysis focuses on pediatric TOS, offering insights into its clinical presentation, etiology, treatment modalities, and outcomes in contrast to those reported in adult TOS.

METHODS

A comprehensive search for pediatric TOS in the PubMed database using PRISMA guidelines identified 6 relevant studies published between 2008 and 2022. In total, 227 pediatric TOS cases in 216 patients were analyzed. Data categories explored for TOS in pediatric patients included study design, number of patients included, mean age and sex of patients, TOS type, laterality, bony abnormalities, time to surgery, symptoms, treatment modalities, initial surgical technique, surgical complications, percent lost to follow-up, mean follow-up period, and treatment outcome.

RESULTS

The results from the 6 studies of 216 patients show a distinct pattern in pediatric TOS, with a 1.84:1 female-to-male ratio, a mean age of 15.49 years, and a lower prevalence of neurogenic TOS (75%, 95% CI 0.41–0.93; I2 = 86%, p < 0.01) compared with the prevailing literature on adults (87.5%–99%). Venous and arterial TOS accounted for a higher proportion of cases in pediatric patients than in adults, challenging the traditional adult-oriented perspective. Right-sided presentations were more common, reflecting right-arm dominance in most individuals. Additionally, bony abnormalities were more common in adults (30%) than in children (10.65%). Treatments involved mixed methods, predominantly using combinations of muscle resection (95.26%), neurolysis (78.02%), and bone resection (72.41%). Patients had high rates of symptom improvement (89%, 95% CI 0.67–0.97; I2 = 85%, p < 0.01) following surgery, with improvement of symptoms ranging from slight to complete relief. Complications were infrequent (5.66%), and most patients reported positive outcomes. The limitations of this analysis include subjective diagnostic and reporting criteria for TOS given its broad range of presentations.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review and meta-analysis brings to light the distinctive characteristics of pediatric TOS and underscores the importance of recognizing these differences to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment in this patient population. Further research is needed to understand the predictive value of conservative treatments, especially in pediatric TOS cases.
Excellent Absorption of LaCoxO3 Over Full Solar Spectrum and Direct Photothermal Energy Storage of Ca(OH)2–LaCoxO3
Authors: Zhu Lin , Hao Rui-Min , Chang Chao-Yang , Wu Qin-Pei
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Photothermal conversion is a vital way for solar energy applications. The strong absorption of near Infrared light is essential for excellent photothermal performance. In this study, we demonstrated that nano LaCoxO3 is able to harvest light intensely across the full solar spectrum with high photothermal temperature. A core-shell-like structure of LaCoxO3-coated Ca(OH)2 particles was fabricated and shows excellent photothermal conversion, high kinetics of dehydration and remarkable cycle stability of heat storage and release. The photothermal dehydration-conversion of Ca(OH)2 increases 8.4-fold. Results demonstrate the multifunctionality of LaCoxO3, intensifying light harvesting, high photothermal conversion, good stability, considerable strength, and porous framework favouring the performance of photothermal storage and release cycles. LaCoxO3–Ca(OH)2 composite can simultaneously harvest light and store thermal energy.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DIGITAL MARKETING PADA PT. X DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SOSTAC
Authors: Simanjuntak Chrismasya Rosiana Tamara , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Wibowo Rulianda Purnomo
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan digital marketing pada PT X dengan menggunakan Metode SOSTAC. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah direktur, marketing manager terdiri masing –masing satu orang teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi (kepustakaan). Metode analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data (data reduction) penyajian data (data display) dan penarikan kesimpulan (conclusion drawing)  metode SOSTAC meliputi situation, objective, strategy, tactic, action, controlling yang merupakan sebuah sistem sebagai dasar untuk melaksanakan langkah-langkah dan menciptakan rencana serta digunakan sebagai metode dengan mempertimbangkan kelebihan dan kekurangan perusahaan serta memanfaatkan peluang dan mengurangi ancaman yang ada. Meningkatkan promosi melalui melalui marketplace dan whatsapp, PT X juga melakukan strategi  yaitu berdasarkan STP (Segmentation, Targeting dan Positioning). Taktik yang dijalankan dalam strategi digital marketing adalah 4C marketing mix yang terdiri dari consumer value, cost to customer, convenience, communication. Actions (implementasi strategi) sampai saat ini PT X masih belum menggunakan biaya promosi untuk media sosial dan marketplace, strategi digital marketing masih belum berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, komunikasi masih satu arah, produk yang diposting masih belum banyak memberikan respon dari para konsumen maupun calon konsumen, untuk SDM  media social kami masih memiliki keterbatasan baik mengenai ide-ide konten di media sosial maupun dalam membuat deskripsi di produk tersebut.