bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation in Picea glauca for Growth and Phenological Traits From Provenance Tests in Ontario
Authors: Lesser M. R. , Parker W. H.
Published: November 2017

Ecologically based management of white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss.) requires an understanding of its patterns of adaptive variation. This understanding will become increasingly important under changing climate conditions. Five common garden tests and a greenhouse trial established in 2002 across Ontario were used to assess levels of genetic variation and relate this variation to local climate. Growth and phenological variables, including height, root collar diameter, survival, timing of spring budflush, and timing of fall budset were measured. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for all traits to determine levels of genetic variation. Simple linear regressions were used to relate these differences to local climate conditions. After two growing season’s levels of between-provenance genetic variation ranged from 0 percent for several of the budflush variables to 22 percent for 2003 survival at the Englehart field trial. Overall, growth variables showed higher levels of between-provenance variation than phenological variables. Variation was predominately explained by longitude, a surrogate for precipitation patterns in Ontario, and temperature variables related to the growing season with r2 values ranging from 0.03 to 0.55. Generally, patterns of adaptive variation followed a southeast to northwest trend across Ontario. Northern sources flushed earlier and set bud earlier, while southern sources demonstrated superior growth. Results support previous white spruce genecology studies showing superior growth of sources from the Ottawa valley region of Ontario and Quebec.
Evaluation of Clonal Variability in Shoot Coppicing Ability and in vitro Responses of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb
Authors: Kalia Sanjay , Kalia R. K. , Sharma S. K.
Published: November 2017

Clonal variations were observed amongst 12 clones of Dalbergia sissoo belonging to four states (U.P, Uttaranchal, Haryana and Rajasthan) of India, representing four different geographical zones in respect of ex vitro shoot coppicing ability and in vitro responses. Coppicing ability of shoot hedges of clones exhibited significant variation which ranged from average of 13.81 coppiced shoots (Clone 40, Uttar Pradesh) to 9.29 (Clone 64, Haryana). Comparative analysis of clones from different regions in respect to their coppicing ability revealed that clones from U.P had higher coppicing ability whereas those from Haryana proved to be least coppicers. Regional variations were also exhibited in the in vitro multiple bud induction ability on nodal explants excised from shoot hedges of clones (mean number of buds induced and percentage of cultures forming multiple buds). Regional as well as inter clonal variations were recorded in the shoot proliferation efficiency as well as rootability of microshoots of these clones as well as their optimal plant growth regulator requirements. BAP alone (2.5 μM) was sufficient for inducing multiple buds on cultured nodal explants of Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh region clones. On the contrary, clones from Rajasthan and Haryana had higher optimal requirement of BAP and in addition, they required media to be supplemented with auxin (NAA) for induction of multiple buds on explants. Correlation analysis between shoot coppicing ability of clones and in vitro performances of explants of these clones cultured on 2.5 μM BAP indicates a positive correlation. Observation lays credence to our view that these characters are genetically controlled and shoot coppicing can be used as a marker character in optimizing in vitro performance of clones. Using the information generated by this paper in vitro production of elite planting material can be maximized by ameliorating plant growth regulator requirement in the medium.
A Praxeological Approach to Intentional Action
Authors: Futerman Alan G. , Block Walter E.
Published: November 2017

The concept of Intentional Action is at the core of Praxeology, as developed by the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises. Under this unique approach, defined as the science of human action and designed to study the field of the social sciences, Mises create “action axiom”: the contention that every acting man more satisfactory state of affairs for a Austrian scholar is able to derive the fundament human action; such as value, scale of value, scarcity, abundance, profit, loss, uncertainty and causality, among others. This paper intends to present the praxeological perspective on intentional action and its epistemologic implications; it also attempts to answer objections to this thesis.
Aqueous Extract of Carica Papaya Linn Roots Halts Sodium Arsenite-Induced Renal Inflammation through Inhibiting Adenosine Deaminase, 8-Hydroxy-2′-Deoxyguanosine, C-Reactive Protein and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity
Authors: Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Ojo Adebola Busola , Osukoya Olukemi Adetutu , Ajiboye Basiru Olaitan
Published: November 2017

Objectives:Inflammation plays a crucial role in many of the metabolic abnormalities. The prototypic marker of inflammation is C-reactive protein (CRP), Nitric Oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and their inhibition is considered a promising strategy to combat inflammation. Here, we report the anti-inflammatory mechanism ofCarica papayaroot aqueous extract in sodium arsenic-induced renal dysfunction.

Methodology:Thirty-five rats were used for the experiments. Griess assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect ofCarica papayaroots aqueous extract on the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO). ELISA was used to determine the level of pro-inflammatory markers including c-reactive protein (CRP). ELISA was used to analyze 8-OHdG. The inhibitory effect on the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), adenosine deaminase (ADA), malondialdehyde (MDA) was tested by enzyme activity assay kits.

Results:Carica papayaroots aqueous extract suppressed sodium arsenite-stimulated NO production and proinflammatory secretion, such as CRP.Carica papayaroots aqueous extract significantly (p < 0.05) decrease the activities of iNOS, 8-OHdG, ADA and MDA.

Conclusion:These results indicated that potent inhibition on CRP, NO, iNOS, ADA, 8-OHdG might constitute the anti-inflammatory mechanism ofCarica papayaroots aqueous extract.
Planare resonante Temperatursensoren für die
Hochtemperatur-Dünnschichtkalorimetrie
Authors: Omelcenko Alexander , Wulfmeier Hendrik , Fritze Holger
Published: November 2017

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Aufbau und Entwicklung eines neuen
Messsystems zur Kalorimetrie an dünnen Schichten für den
Temperaturbereich bis ca. 1000 ℃ vorgestellt. Im
Folgenden werden das Messverfahren, die
Hochtemperatur-Dünnschichtkalorimetrie (Thin-Film Calorimetry,
TFC), sowie ein Modell zur Datenauswertung beschrieben. Die zentrale
Komponente des Messsystems bilden hochtemperaturstabile
piezoelektrische Resonatoren aus Langasit-Einkristallen (LGS,
La3Ga5SiO14), die als planare Temperatursensoren
betrieben werden. Auf diese werden die zu untersuchenden
Aktivschichten abgeschieden. Zur Bestimmung der auf den
Temperatursensoren aufgetragenen Schichtmasse wird der
piezoelektrische Sensor aus Langasit selbst als Mikrowaage
betrieben. Temperaturänderungen durch Wärmeabgabe oder
-aufnahme, wie sie durch Phasenumwandlungen in den zu untersuchenden
Schichten verursacht werden, beeinflussen die Resonanzfrequenz des
Resonators. Gegenwärtig können auf diese Weise kleine
Wärmemengen ab 1,2 mJ detektiert werden. Die detektierten
Temperaturänderungen werden in Enthalpien umgerechnet.
Responding to Modern Sensibilities: Emma and Edvard Entangled
Authors: Berman Patricia G.
Published: November 2017

This article is an edited version of the response paper offered at the conclusion of the symposium, Modern Sensibilities. It ties together themes from the symposium papers, as well as ideas prompted by Mieke Bal’s exhibition, Emma & Edvard: Love in the Time of Loneliness, and her accompanying book, Emma and Edvard Looking Sideways: Loneliness and the Cinematic. It focuses on the anachronistic entanglements among Flaubert’s “Emma,” Munch’s motifs, Mieke Bal and Michelle Williams Gamaker’s Madame B, the Munch Museum’s architecture and exhibition scenography, and the exhibition viewer.
Authority in Crisis? The Dynamic of the Relationship Between Prospero and Miranda in Appropriations of The Tempest
Authors: Cieślak Magdalena
Published: November 2017

The relationship between Prospero and Miranda is fairly typical for Shakespeare’s way of portraying parental authority and filial obligation. A strong and authoritative father, an absent mother and a (potentially) rebellious daughter are character types reused in many of his plays. In The Tempest, authority, power and ownership, be it political or domestic, are important themes. In criticism, Prospero is frequently discussed through the prism of his attitude to his “subordinates” - Ariel, Caliban and Miranda - and the play’s narrative is interpreted in the context of the theatre of power. Parental authority, a social construct, is a dynamic thing, and the Renaissance patterns discernible in Shakespeare’s plays are refashioned and changed in contemporary adaptations and appropriations of his plays. Informed by New Historicism and Cultural Materialism in relation to gender studies, this article seeks to examine the changing dynamics of the Prospero-Miranda relationship in three films - Derek Jarman’s (1979), Paul Mazursky’s (1982), and Julie Taymor’s (2010) - as well as Philip Osment’s 1988 play This Island’s Mine. Focusing on the issue of authority, power and ownership, the article aims at showing how stereotypical social and gender roles resonate with various political contexts of power.
The Paramount Role of Translation in Modern Opera Productions
Authors: Ożarowska Aleksandra
Published: November 2017

Opera is undoubtedly a particularly high and traditional genre of art, but recently there have been numerous attempts at breaking this stereotype and presenting opera in a contemporary light. The most popular way of achieving this aim is either staging modernized opera productions, i.e. transferring their plot from their traditional setting to the here and now, or considerably changing their interpretation. Staging modernized productions involves, first of all, the issue of stage design, and an alteration in the traditional interpretation is mostly created by acting, but nowadays it is also the translation shown in the form of surtitles that creates the significance of operatic productions.
Antioxidant system of rapans under the action of copper ions and anionic detergent
Authors: Ershova Oksana , Toptikov Valentin , Lavrenyuk Tatyana , Kovtun Oleg , Totsky Vladlen
Published: November 2017

The antioxidant system in various organs of rapana (Rapana venosa) has been studied in condition of contamination of medium with copper ions (5 and 10 MPC) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (5 and 20 MPC). The most significant changes in the antioxidant status of cells occurred mainly during the first hours (three-24 hours) of exposure to toxic compounds. At the end of observations (72 hours) stabilization of the main parameters of the antioxidant system and return of its main indicators to control values were noted. Ktenidiy proved to be the most sensitive organ reacting to toxic doses of both copper and sodium dodecyl sulphate in the medium. Nephridiy cells turned out to be weakly susceptible to the action of the studied toxicants. The high lability and power of the antioxidant system of rapans provides a significant adaptive potential for the mollusk.
A review of length-weight relationships of freshwater fishes in Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Radhi Amonodin , Nurul Fazlinda Mohd-Fadzil , Amal Mohammad Noor Azmai , Rohasliney Hashim
Published: November 2017

This manuscript reviews the length-weight relationships (LWRs) of freshwater fishes in Malaysia. A total of 102 LWRs of fishes gathered from literature pertaining to 64 freshwater fish species were analysed. A meta-analysis from 13 previous reports showed that thebvalues was ranged from 2.19 (Clarias batrachus) to 4.106 (Barbodes binotatus). Out of 64 observed species, 47 species (11 families) experienced positive allometric growth, while another 23 species (eight families) and 31 species (12 families) were recorded under isometric and negative allometric growth, respectively. The fish LWRs observed can be used as an indicator of environmental changes and fish ecological health for freshwater fishes in Malaysia.
Understanding Reversible Molecular Binding
Authors: Smith George P.
Published: November 2017

Reversible binding between biomolecules—for example, between a cell-surface receptor such as the insulin receptor and its corresponding natural ligand such as insulin—is central to innumerable physiological transactions. Binding of the dye HABA to egg-white avidin is a simple, reliable, and colorful laboratory model for introducing beginning biology students to the principles underlying reversible binding. They can probe the reaction quantitatively with a spectrophotometer, and model it mathematically using only high-school algebra and a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel.
Student Perceptions of Workplace Corruption and its Effect on Their Academic Motivation
Authors: Llullaku Njomza , Bërxulli Dashamir
Published: November 2017

Corruption is a worldwide issue, and our understanding of it has been shaped by public policy at the expense of personal motivation. Therefore, a psychological standpoint is required to identify youth at risk of future exploitation. A total of 890 students (psychology, economics, law and education) participated in this study, and their motivation for being at university (AMS-C 28) and their perceptions of the effects of corruption on motivation (PoCM) were measured. Interestingly, students reported that their perception of corruption in the workplace affects their intrinsic motivation and subsequently, the amotivated group reported the highest willingness to use corruption in the future. The study proposes that the self-determination theory in conjunction with PoCM can potentially identify students at risk. We argue that intrinsic motivation, the form closest to the self-determined end of the SDT continuum, can protect students from the adverse effects of corruption.
Prevalence and Attitudes Regarding Marijuana Use Among Adolescents Over the Past Decade
Authors: Miech Richard , Johnston Lloyd , O’Malley Patrick M.
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:

Adolescent marijuana prevalence has not increased since 2005 despite a substantial decrease in the percentage of adolescents who believe marijuana use leads to great risk of harm. This finding calls into question the long-standing, inverse connection between marijuana prevalence and perceived risk of use, a connection central to many arguments opposing marijuana legalization. We tested 2 hypotheses for why marijuana prevalence did not increase after 2005: (1) decreases in adolescent use of cigarettes and alcohol reduced risk for marijuana use and counteracted the expected risk in marijuana prevalence, and/or (2) perceived risk of harm now plays a smaller role in marijuana use.

METHODS:

Data came from the annual, nationally-representative Monitoring the Future study from 1991 to 2016, in which 1 100 000 US students in eighth, 10th, and 12th grade were surveyed.

RESULTS:

The entire sample was stratified into 3 mutually exclusive and exhaustive groups on the basis of cigarette and alcohol use. Within each of the 3 groups, marijuana prevalence increased from 2005 to 2016. Paradoxically, when the 3 groups were combined into 1 analysis pool, overall marijuana prevalence did not increase. The seeming paradox results from a decline in the percentage of adolescents who used cigarettes; as this group grew smaller, so too did its disproportionately large contribution to overall marijuana prevalence. Perceived risk of harm from marijuana remained a strong indicator of use throughout 2005 to 2016.

CONCLUSIONS:

Perceived risk of marijuana remains tightly associated with use, and adolescent marijuana prevalence today would be at or near record highs if cigarette use had not declined since 2005, according to study projections.
Nephritis bei einem Staffordshire-Terrier-Welpen verursacht durch Encephalitozoon cuniculi Genotyp I
Authors: Buder Astrid , Pfeil Katja , Schwittlick Ulrike , Klas Eva , Hinney Barbara , Aupperle-Lellbach Heike , Pfeil Ingo , Engelhardt Stephan
Published: November 2017

Ein 8 Wochen alter Welpe wurde aufgrund von Inappetenz, Polyurie, Polydipsie und Azotämie vorgestellt. Im Harnsediment zeigten sich massenhaft Protozoen-ähnliche Erregerstrukturen, die mithilfe von PCR-Untersuchungen als Encephalitozoon cuniculi Genotyp I identifiziert wurden. Eine serologische Untersuchung mittels Immunfluoreszenz-Antikörpertest (IFAT) ergab einen Antikörpertiter für E. cuniculi von 1 : 2560. Der Hund wurde über 3 Wochen mit Fenbendazol therapiert. Nach 3 Monaten konnte kein Antikörpertiter gegen E. cuniculi mehr nachgewiesen werden. Der Hund erholte sich gut und es kam zu einer vollständigen Genesung. Dieser seltene Fall zeigt, dass eine Infektion mit E. cuniculi Genotyp I bei Hunden eine klinische Erkrankung mit Beteiligung der Nieren auslösen kann, die sich mit Fenbendazol erfolgreich therapieren lässt.
Primary Care Compact- transferring theoretical knowledge into practice
Authors: Jendyk Ralf Michael , Maisel Peter
Published: November 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction As in many medical disciplines all over the world, primary care medicine in Germany is facing a substantial lack of successors. Enhancing the attractiveness of that discipline might be achieved by inspiring learning formats for undergraduate students. Methods A new course combining several approaches to enhance learning outcomes was established and conducted at the University of Münster. Those approaches were tailored to an all new facility constructed to enhance competency-based learning formats called "LIMETTE". Strategies used were adjusted to established undergraduate and postgraduate training models. Results The course "primary care compact" was very well evaluated by the attending students. Especially the transfer of theoretically acquired knowledge into practice was highly appreciated. The elaborated preparation material was acknowledged as being very helpful in repeating and preparing topics of interest for that course, too. Discussion Developing established concepts and combining them into a new course seems to pay off in terms of perceived attractiveness of that course and the conducting discipline. Conclusion Sophisticated learning formats can help to understand and experience some of the core-elements of a discipline and might this way increase the reputation of a discipline and may help to ease successor issues in the future.
Polycarboxylate/nanosilica-modified quaternary cement formulations – enhancements and limitations
Authors: Papatzani Styliani , Paine Kevin
Published: November 2017

The effect of polycarboxylate/nanosilica (nS) particles in quaternary cement formulations comprising Portland cement (PC), limestone powder (LS) and fly ash (FA) was investigated for the first time. The reference formulation contained 60% PC, 20% LS and 20% FA by mass of binder in an effort to minimise clinker and maximise the other constituents. nS particles were characterised by way of transmission and X-ray scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nS was added at 0·3 or 0·6% by mass as a partial replacement for PC and different water-to-binder (w/b) ratios were explored. Compressive strength tests and thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA) performed at day 7, 28 and 56 testified to pozzolanic behaviour. Results suggest a mechanism of ‘de-activation’ of some FA particles with age. A new ratio: (compressive strength in MPa)/(calcium hydroxide content detected by TGA) was introduced, correlating microscale characteristics (hydration products) and macroscale performance (delivered compressive strengths). Back-scattered SEM images confirmed the calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H) network formation, the presence of reacted/unreacted FA particles and the availability of calcium hydroxide for delayed hydration reactions. Tests on mortars also confirmed the enhancement offered by nS addition. The lower bound nS addition was determined to be 0·6% by mass of binder for pastes and 0·5% for mortars.
A new numerical model for polymer-confined rectangular concrete columns
Authors: Isleem Haytham F. , Wang Daiyu , Wang Zhenyu
Published: November 2017

A new numerical model to estimate the strength of unreinforced and reinforced concrete columns of rectangular cross-section confined with fibre-reinforced polymer wraps is introduced. The model is based on data from 456 tests compiled from 30 studies available in the technical literature. The test database covers unconfined concrete strengths varying from approximately 10 to 80 MPa and the width and depth of the cross-sections ranged between 90 and 500 mm. The effects of aspect ratio and size of the cross-section, effective rupture strain of the polymer, corner radius and internal hoop steel reinforcement are all accounted for in the model. Based on the test database, thresholds of lightly and heavily confined concrete are proposed to ensure that columns have a sufficient level of polymer confinement. Model predictions were found to be in good agreement with the test results.
Compliance y self-cleaning en la contratación pública (especial referencia al derecho comunitario europeo)
Authors: Muñoz Jaime Rodríguez-Arana
Published: November 2017

La contratación pública es una de las causa de la corrupción. Además de la dimensión punitiva es necesario explorar otras aproximaciones que parten de la perspectiva preventiva. Son las técnicas de compliance y de self-cleaning, de inspiración anglosajona. La Unión Europea acaba de regular en su Directiva de contratación pública de 2014 el self-cleaning estableciendo una serie de características que deberán ser desarrolladas por los Estados Miembros.
Louise Bryant and the Russian Revolution
Authors: Farrow Lee A.
Published: November 2017

This article explores the life and contributions of Louise Bryant, an American journalist and activist who documented the Russian Revolution of 1917. Bryant witnessed key events alongside John Reed and provided unique insights into the revolution's social and political transformations. Her work, Six Red Months in Russia, contrasts with Reed's by emphasizing personal commentary and vivid depictions of revolutionary life. Despite her contributions, Bryant's legacy has been overshadowed by Reed and broader gender biases. The article reexamines Bryant's role as an observer of history, highlighting her unique perspective as a suffragist and socialist and the relevance of her work in understanding the Russian Revolution's impact on Russian-American relations and global socialism.
A non-destructive enzymatic method to extract DNA from a single arthropod specimen v1
Authors: Santos Daubian , Cunha Ribeiro Guilherme , Diniz Cabral Aline , Aparecida Sperança Márcia
Published: November 2017

Preparation of insect specimens for morphological studies classically employs chaotropic salts which can cause disruption of important structures. Also, extraction of nucleic acids for genetic studies leads to destruction of the specimen. Thus, in this paper is proposed a new technique, based on the use of proteinase K, which allows DNA extraction while keeping intact the entire morphology of insect specimens. The presented technique can contribute to taxonomic and systematic studies on different groups of arthropods. Also, with the global emergency and reemergence of diseases transmitted by arthropod vectors, genetic and morphological investigations performed in an individual-scale would unveil important aspects of environment and host-pathogen interactions.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation v2
Authors: Sanchez Gabriel , Kiernan Rosemary
Published: November 2017

This protocol can be ued for chromatin immunoprecipitation of RNAPII and associated factors, as well as histones. The settings are given for HeLa cells and should be adapted for other cell types.
EMPODERAMENTO NA SAÚDE
Authors: Cesarino Claudia Bernardi , Sciarra Adília Maria Pires
Published: November 2017

“Ninguém educa ninguém, ninguém educa a si mesmo, os homens se educam mediatizados pelo mundo” (Paulo Freire)

Versão completa do editorial em PDF
APLICACIÓN DE LOS DIAGRAMAS DE CONTROL PARA EL ANÁLISIS E INSPECCIÓN DE LAS VARIACIONES DERIVADAS DEL COSTO ESTÁNDAR: UN ESTUDIO DE CASO
Authors: Alzate Castro Wilmar Alexander , Osorio Agudelo Jair Albeiro
Published: November 2017

A partir de la estructura de los costos bajo las IFRS, costos de adquisición, costos de transformación y otros costos, este trabajo documenta la aplicación de los diagramas  de control para facilitar la selección de las variaciones que han de ser examinadas  entre el costo real y el costo estándar, determinando sus causas,  y establecer  acciones  correctivas. Por ello, el escrito presentauna alternativa diferente al muestreo o al criterio subjetivo para hacer dicha selección.  El  tipo de  investigación trabajado fue el estudio de  caso  en una empresa  que produce  sacos  de papel  localizada en el municipio de Girardota, Antioquia, y se muestran cuatro ejemplos de diagramas  de control con sus respectivos análisis de patrones. Se concluye que los diagramas  de control no solo facilitan la escogencia de las variaciones sino que también aportan indicios sobre las causas que generaron dichas variaciones a través del análisis de patrones.
¿La radio y la televisión en Colombia están en sintonía con sus finanzas?
Authors: PADILLA OSPINA ANA MILENA , RIVERA GODOY JORGE ALBERTO
Published: November 2017

En este artículo se presenta un análisis del desempeño financiero del sector de radio y televisión en Colombia durante el período 2006-2011. Para lograr el objetivo propuesto se realiza un estudio de la eficiencia, eficacia, efectividad y valor económico agregado de este sector haciendo uso de información contable y de mercado. En esta investigación se encuentra que el sector de televisión-radio ha destruido valor por cinco años. Situaciones como la constante ineficiencia en el uso de los recursos físicos, variaciones de los indicadores de eficacia y el comportamiento de los costos de capital son los principales factores que influyen en su desempeño financiero. Estos resultados constituyen un precedente en el estudio de los medios de comunicación, del cual poco se ha explorado.
Retos actuales del gobierno corporativo en torno a la creación de valor
Authors: BARBOSA RAMÍREZ DAVID , PIÑEROS RAFAEL , NOGUERA ÁNGELA
Published: November 2017

La creación de valor ha sido un reto permanente para la administración. A la eficiencia y la eficacia se agregaron la necesidad de crear valor al accionista. Las condiciones que han traído consigo la globalización, el predominio del capitalismo financiero y las TICs (Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación), generan nuevos retos para los gobiernos, los empresarios y la academia; la administración ha buscado dar respuesta a dichos retos por medio de un nuevo modelo de gestión, el Gobierno Corporativo, GC. En el presente artículo se reflexiona en torno a las etapas de la administración y el surgimiento del GC, sus elementos constitutivos así como los retos que enfrenta. Se plantean conclusiones y se evidencia la necesidad de hacer seguimiento al desempeño de las organizaciones que adopten esquemas de GC.
Diseño de un modelo con enfoque de género para la medición de capacidades de innovación empresariales: aplicación a Boyacá
Authors: GUALDRÓN CLAUDIA JESSENIA BECERRA , PALACIOS PRECIADO MARIANA
Published: November 2017

Aquello que se considera como excelente o innovador no es neutro en cuanto al género, de tal suerte que muchas de las ideas innovadoras de las mujeres pueden no reconocerse como tales (Rees, 2008). Las aproximaciones a la medición de la innovación con enfoque de género aún son muy incipientes. Aunque aún no hay consenso sobre la definición de innovación, está generalmente aceptado que la innovación es fundamental para el crecimiento tanto de la producción como de la productividad (OCDE, 2005). El departamento de Boyacá tiene una innovación baja (CEPAL, 2010) y se ubica en peores condiciones de discriminación en contra de la mujer que el promedio nacional (PNUD, 2013); además, cuenta con pocos estudios desagregados por género. Para la presente propuesta de medición de la innovación se tuvieron en cuenta las siguientes variables: innovación, talento humano, gestión del conocimiento, desarrollo tecnológico, cultura, planificación y vinculación y se aplicó a la agroindustria y el turismo de Boyacá. Según los resultados, el nivel de innovación de las empresas de Boyacá es bajo, lo cual se debe principalmente a los bajos puntajes en la planificación, la vinculación y el talento humano para la agroindustria y la planificación, la vinculación y el desarrollo tecnológico para el turismo. Esto señala la seria debilidad que comparten estos sectores, a pesar de  que uno es de bienes y otro de servicios, en aspectos como la inversión en investigación y desarrollo y la vinculación con redes y con diversas entidades. Además, se halló que existe una importante relación entre el nivel de innovación y la participación femenina, en especial para el componente de vinculación en ambos sectores, lo cual indica que a pesar que la vinculación es un componente descuidado, dentro de él se destaca la participación de las mujeres en la construcción de redes y la vinculación con diferentes entidades. Para la agroindustria todos los componentes de la innovación tienen una relación positiva con la intervención de las mujeres, destacándose la planificación y la gestión del conocimiento y dentro de esta última el uso de TICs.
La termoeconomía como alternativa para mejorar la competitividad industrial
Authors: Silva Larrotta Jorge René
Published: November 2017

El artículo presenta una breve descripción del término termoeconomía con el propósito de justificar su aplicación en los sectores industriales colombianos a partir de la formación académica en el área en concordancia con las políticas energéticas de Estado. Para entender su aplicación se realiza el desarrollo de una evaluación exergética a un proceso industrial de secado de subproductos de plantas de beneficio de aves a fin de establecer destrucción de exergía, costos exergéticos y valoración de combustibles alternativos
Las relaciones internacionales y la estructura social de acumulación
Authors: O. López de Mesa C. Jaime
Published: November 2017

En las últimas tres décadas el mundo ha vivido dos grandes transformaciones, de una parte desde mediados de los años setentas el advenimiento de una nueva fase de acumulación en el sistema capitalista, atizada por las crisis petroleras y la crisis del Estado de bienestar, entre otros factores. De otra parte, con la caída del muro de Berlín y el fi n de la Guerra Fría se dio inicio a una nueva etapa en las relaciones internacionales, comúnmente denominada el nuevo orden mundial. En este ensayo se plantea que ambos fenómenos van ligados a través de la confi guración de una nueva estructura social de acumulación que por primera vez es global, de carácter neoliberal y que abarca los niveles económicos, sociales y políticos
Desarrollo metodológico para la operacionalización eficaz de la estrategia en pymes colombianas, una perspectiva teórica
Authors: Nova Santos Luis Carlos , Duque Oliva Edison Jair
Published: November 2017

En el presente artículo se aborda la planeación estratégica y la estrategia como tal, describiendo sus principales componentes y elementos desde una perspectiva teórica, partiendo de bases conceptuales e históricas que soportan la importancia que actualmente representa para las pequeñas y medianas empresas, la evidencia en el cumplimiento de sus planes estratégicos a corto, mediano y largo plazos. De igual manera, se presentan conceptos que facilitarán la comprensión organizada del desarrollo de un proceso de formulación y control estratégico.
Metodología para la inclusión de las tic en las pymes fundamentada en el direccionamiento estratégico
Authors: Aguilera Castro Adriana , Riascos Erazo Sandra Cristina
Published: November 2017

El artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una metodología para la inclusión de las TIC en las PYMES colombianas; la metodología se encuentra fundamentada en la teoría del direccionamiento estratégico y en la información recolectada en 106 PYMES de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, Colombia. La investigación se realizó en tres etapas: a) análisis de los aspectos más relevantes del direccionamiento estratégico; b) recolección de información de las TIC en las PYMES; c) análisis de la información y estructuración de la metodología a proponer. Entre los resultados más importantes se pueden resaltar tres: primero, que existe una alineación significativa entre los planes estratégicos de las TIC y los planes estratégicos de las PYMES; segundo, que la asignación presupuestal para la inclusión y mantenimiento de las TIC en las PYMES es baja; incluso para algunas de estas empresas no se encuentra establecida formalmente; y tercero, se estableció que las TIC apoyan efectivamente los procesos de toma de decisiones en las PYMES.
Percepciones sobre el modelo de gestión del conocimiento de las ies colombianas a partir de las integraciones sistémicas entre los procesos de investigación - docencia y proyección social
Authors: Ortiz Bojacá José Joaquín , Zacarías Juan Antonio
Published: November 2017

El objetivo de este artículo de investigación consiste en evaluar la calidad de las integraciones sistémicas entre los procesos de investigación - docencia y proyección social y su impacto en los niveles de calidad educativa integral, a partir las percepciones que se obtuvieron de un grupo de directivos de diferentes instituciones de educación superior (IES) colombianas sobre estos importantes temas. La metodología empleada es de tipo cualitativo, centrada en entrevistas en profundidad, efectuadas a directivos universitarios colombianos. Los resultados muestran que la percepción no es positiva en cuanto a la calidad de dicha integración y su impacto se torna negativo sobre la calidad educativa integral en las IES colombianas, dado que no se detecta un modelo de gestión que potencialice la producción y acumulación de conocimiento a partir de los resultados de la investigación y estos no se integran adecuadamente a la actualización y desarrollo curricular en las diferentes disciplinas ni en sus esquemas pedagógicos, y por otro lado, no existe una interacción efectiva que conecte los conocimientos generados o reelaborados para desarrollar competencias y ensanchar las capacidades para la resolución de problemas reales en los campos de actuación profesional, que posibiliten verdaderas transformaciones socioeconómicas y culturales, todo lo cual no sustenta una calidad de la educación en las IES colombianas de un nivel competitivo en el plano internacional, por razones que se analizan en este artículo. Para ello partimos de las respuestas emitidas por los directivos y la interpretación crítica de la revisión documental sobre aspectos clave que giran alrededor de la estructura, el modelo de gestión del conocimiento y la gestión del capital intelectual a nivel de las IES colombianas.
Editorial
Authors: ARTETA PEÑA YUSSY
Published: November 2017

El poder de la técnica sobre el medio ambiente y su éxito debido a la ciencia se ha hecho inconmensurablemente  mayor que en la civilización del pasado por el empleo sin precedentes del método científi co experimental. Si el espíritu experimental hubiera penetrado con profundidad en extensos campos de la humanidad, especialmente en el de la religión, no dependeríamos tanto de la tradición.
Los enfoques mundiales de la gestión de la calidad. Una mirada desde los modelos y premios de excelencia
Authors: Tamayo García Pedro Francisco , Moreno Pino Mayra Rosario , Ochoa Meza María Cecilia , Steffanell De León Ingrid , Arteta Peña Yussy C.
Published: November 2017

La institución y el otorgamiento de Premios de la Calidad han devenido práctica internacional que favorece la excelencia en la gestión de las organizaciones para lograr con efi cacia, efi - ciencia y la competitividad de los resultados un reconocimiento formal y público a empresas destacadas por sus modelos de gestión integralmente avanzados. En Cuba se otorga desde 1999 el Premio Nacional a la Calidad de la República de Cuba. Este movimiento se ha generalizado por todo el país mediante la institución de Premios Provinciales de Calidad. El presente trabajo es una valoración preliminar sobre la organización y aplicación de esta experiencia en la provincia de Holguín, Cuba, su procedimiento de evaluación y otorgamiento, los criterios de evaluación y resultados obtenidos.
Editorial
Authors: ARTETA PEÑA YUSSY
Published: November 2017

La educación es la base de la sociedad, la educación es el pedestal hacia el progreso y desarrollo de un país. Por esta razón, un pueblo que no sea capaz de desarrollar en intensidad y extensión el nivel educativo, no puede elevar sus índices de desarrollo industrial, económico y tecnológico, y muchomenos, crear los espacios de desarrollo cultural, intelectual y ético necesarios para compenetrarse y complementar la esencia de su desarrollo humano.
El Investigador-Emprendedor: Traspasando Fronteras
Authors: Naranjo Africano Gloria , Naranjo Africano Yennys
Published: November 2017

Este artículo se acompañó con un estudio comparativo del estado del arte de los perfiles de los investigadores a nivel nacional e internacional, que determinó la influencia del entorno sobre su comportamiento, teniendo en cuenta que hay mayor apoyo para este tipo de actividades en ciudades que sean jalonadoras de la economía en cada uno de sus países. Entre los resultados encontrados se pudo apreciar que las características que son un común denominador en el perfil son: Liderazgo, capacidad de comunicación, manejo adecuado de la tecnología a transferir, relaciones inter e intrapersonales, manejo adecuado de la información, manejo adecuado del tiempo, trabajo en equipo, identificación y uso de las redes y contactos. Las anteriores características no son una camisa de fuerza para el investigador-emprendedor, quien con el paso del tiempo puede irlas desarrollando o generando alianzas con individuos o instituciones que ayuden a fortalecer sus capacidades. Además se identificó que es necesario que las instituciones establezcan las condiciones necesarias para promover y permitir un adecuado desarrollo de los investigadores-emprendedores, acompañados desde la motivación hasta la asesoría en gestión empresarial, con el fin de que decidan emprender la fase de transición, estableciendo políticas claras donde se estimulen y favorezcan este tipo de actividades, llevando procesos reales, aterrizados y apoyados en casos de éxito de contextos similares. Como conclusiones se puede afirmar que, para trascender las fronteras de la investigación al emprendimiento, se requiere una fuerte motivación del investigador, un claro proceso de gestión tecnológica, respaldo y parámetros institucionales claros, con la convicción de que el proceso es alcanzable.
Editorial
Authors: ARTETA PEÑA YUSSY C.
Published: November 2017

Mientras nuestros dirigentes no comprendan que la clave del éxito en materia educativa es Educar para la vida, cualquier proyecto o propuesta de reforma no será sufi ciente para lograr las transformaciones deseadas en la sociedad, hacia mejores niveles de justicia económica, política y social.
Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Prioridad de la Cultura Organizacional
Authors: Bonett Puerto Ana , Hennessey Torres Paula , Quiroz Beleño Jeison , Rizzo Rocha S. , Del Castillo Melissa
Published: November 2017

La responsabilidad social más que una moda es una necesidad que se ha ido convirtiendo a través del tiempo en una práctica indispensable y en algunas ocasiones obligatoria para aquellas empresas que están en constante movimiento en cuanto a competitividad nos referimos, aunque esta práctica dentro de las empresas no es muy común, debido a la falta de cultura sobre el tema. La responsabilidad social y la cultura organizacional son factores estratégicos en las organizaciones, contribuyendo al mejoramiento de las condiciones sociales, económicas, éticas y ambientales, con el fi n de mejorar continuamente tanto a nivel competitivo como socialmente. Para una empresa es importante optar un programa de RSE, para alinearse en mejora de nuevas oportunidades, buscando alternativas o actividades para responder o adaptarse al cumplimiento de la RSE. Las contribuciones que se hagan a favor de la RSE, no solo deben ser por el bien de cumplir, sino por un bien para la sociedad.
Therapy of hereditary angioedema: is it time to focus on a different strategic approach? psychosocial issues and stress management
Authors: Rathinam Jeyalalitha
Published: November 2017

Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder due to the deficiency of CI esterase inhibitor with elevated levels of bradykinin. The disorder was named hereditary angioneurotic edema because of the associated mental stress which exacerbated the condition. It manifests most often as edema of the skin and mucosal surfaces. Laryngeal edema can cause fatal obstruction. The various treatment modalities available for HAE includes plasma derived C1-INH concentrate, ecallantide, icatibant, attenuated androgens and fresh frozen plasma. The drugs for HAE are efficacious, but with side effects and are expensive. Patients with HAE exhibit anxiety and depression, and the stressful state by itself predisposes to further attacks which in the long run forms a vicious cycle one leading on to the other. Considering the fact that HAE is a chronic disorder needing meticulous attention, together with the task of home therapy, availability of medication, adverse effects of drugs, the economic burden and the undue compromise on quality of life, there definitely arises a need for focus on a different strategic approach towards treatment. Currently the focus is on various treatment modalities targeting the complement system and the acute symptomatology of the condition, rather than on the “neurotic component or the stress factor” which might prove to be one major area of therapeutic benefit. Management of stress related factors, overcoming anxiety and depression through psychosocial modalities and simple alternative therapies like yoga as a part of routine activity can greatly reduce the disease, as well as the economic burden and improve the quality of life.
Does the early removal of urethral stent can reduce postoperative complications of Snodgrass urethroplasty for hypospadias repair? A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Hashim Hussein Lafta , Al Adhami Ahmed , Abid Ali Hussain
Published: November 2017

Background: Hypospadias is a relatively common congenital defect of the male external genitalia. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the early removal of urethral stent following TIP Snodgrass repair of hypospadias can reduces postoperative complications of this procedure.Methods: In Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital, the surgical procedure included 61 tabularized incised plate (TIP) repairs for penile hypospadias. The patients were prospectively observed over 36 months and randomized into 2 groups, group (A) was 30 patients where the urethral stent was removed after 24 hours of operation, and group (B) was 31 cases where the stent removed in the 6th postoperative day. Suprapubic urinary diversion was done for all patients. All of the operations were performed by the same surgeon. Complications and cosmetic appearance were documented at last follow-up.Results: The average age of the patients was 3.9 years, urethrocutaneous fistula was observed in 2 cases in group A (6.6 %), while 11 patients had fistula in group B (35.4 %) with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).  meatal stenosis was reported in 4 patients in (group A) (13.3%), while 12 patients had such complication in group B (38.7%) with a statistically Significant difference as (P< 0.05). 6.6 % of group A developed wound infection, while 32.2 % had wound infection postoperatively in group B with a statistically significant difference (P< 0.05). Complete surgical failure when wound dehiscence occurs, it was found that no significant difference between the 2 groups (P value=0.1).Conclusions: TIP repair is a versatile operation that can be performed in almost all cases of penile hypospadias. We believe that early stent removal after 1 day of surgery for hypospadias repair simplifies postoperative care, highly reduces risk of development of urethrocutaneous fistula, meatal stenosis and wound infection, so obviates the need for antibiotics.
A study on ulinastatin in preventing post ERCP pancreatitis
Authors: Vedamanickam R. , Kumar Vinoth , . Hariprasad
Published: November 2017

Background: Pancreatitis remains the major complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and hyperenzymemia after ERCP is common. Ulinastatin, a protease inhibitor, has proved effective in the treatment of acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of ulinastatin, compare to placebo study to assess the incidence of complication due to ERCPP procedure.Methods: In this study a randomized placebo controlled trial, patients undergoing the first ERCP was randomizing to receive ulinastatin one lakh units (or) placebo by intravenous infusion one hour before ERCP for ten minutes duration. Clinical evaluation, serum amylase, ware analysed before the procedure 4 hours and 24 hours after the procedure.Results: Total of 46 patients were enrolled (23 in ulinastatin and 23 in placebo group). The incidence of Hyper enzymemia is lower in ulinastatin group (13 %) than in placebo group (30.4%).Conclusions: Prophylactic short-term administration of ulinastatin one lakh units intravenously, one hour before ERCP procedure is effective when compared to placebo infusion.
RADIAÇÃO GAMA NA CONSERVAÇÃO DE CARNE: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Passos Flávia Regina , Mendes Fabrícia Queiroz
Published: November 2017

O desejo de garantir a segurança alimentar para consumo requer melhores técnicas de conservação de alimentos. A irradiação é considerada um dos processos tecnológicos mais eficientes para a redução de microrganismos em alimentos. Nesta revisão de literatura sobre a radiação gama foram abordadas pesquisas realizadas no setor de cárneos. São apresentados os resultados de avaliações efetuadas com o objetivo de reduzir microrganismos patogênicos e identificar as alterações físico-químicas e sensoriais ocorridas pela interação ionizante com o alimento irradiado, visando prolongar a vida útil da carne. Embora a irradiação de alimentos constitua tema desconhecido para a maioria da população brasileira, o processo é seguro e não oferece risco ao consumidor e nem ao meio ambiente, pois não produz nenhum tipo de resíduo. O uso da técnica de irradiação para a conservação de carne, por si só, não soluciona todos os problemas de deterioração, devendo-se preservar o alimento em condições assépticas após irradiado, evitando assim nova contaminação.