bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case of pedicle lag screw fixation for oblique axis body and pars fractures with displacement
Authors: Rehman Riaz Ur , Akhtar Muhammad Shaheer , Bibi Amna
Published: April 2022

Background:

Multiple axis fractures with instability are rare and appropriate treatment modalities have not been established.

Case Description:

A 33-year-old male presented with severe neck pain, bilateral upper-extremity numbness, and brisk reflexes in both lower extremities of 14 days’ duration after a car accident. The cervical CT revealed an oblique C2 body fracture and asymmetrical neural ring fractures, while the MRI showed a normal C2-3 disk. As traction failed to reduce the fracture, the patient underwent an anterior retropharyngeal approach to release the fracture fragments, followed by posteriorly passing bilateral C2 pedicle lag screws. Eight months later, the patient exhibited full range of motion across the C1-2 level with fusion of the previously noted fractures.

Conclusion:

A 33-year-old male with an unstable C2 body fracture and asymmetrical neural ring fractures successfully underwent an anterior retropharyngeal approach to release the fracture fragments, followed by posteriorly passing bilateral C2 pedicle lag screws to achieve stability/fusion.
PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN PESANTREN TAHFIDZUL QUR’AN AGRO
Authors: Asshofa'an Ahmad , Rudiyono Rudiyono , Alhamdani Muhammad Ridha
Published: April 2022

Tahfidzul Qura'an Agro Islamic Boarding School is an area that provides formal Islamic education (Madrasah Aliyah) and non-formal education of tahfidz Al-Qu'an and agriculture. The design location is in Kubu Raya Regency. Islamic Boarding School Tahfidzul Qura'an Agro is not only a place to learn religious knowledge but can also be a place to learn agriculture because the agricultural sector is the leading sector in Kubu Raya Regency. This design is also motivated by the number of memorizers of the Qur'an which is small compared to the Muslim population in Indonesia.  The purpose of this design is to be able to design a Tahfidzul Qur'an Islamic boarding school facility to meet the needs in the field of religious education and other skills in the world of work. As a Thafidzul Qur'an boarding school, the students are required to memorize the Qur'an because the main function of this pesantren is to increase the number of memorizing the Qur'an. Skills in agriculture are also taught to equip students to face the world of work. The stages in the planning and design of the Tahfidzul Qura'an Agro Islamic Boarding School start from the idea stage, data collection, analysis, synthesis, pre-design, and design development. The pesantren area of the Tahfidzul Qura'an Agro Islamic Boarding School consists of several masses, namely: mosque buildings, memorization facilities, schools, student dormitories, management housing, and agricultural facilities. The mosque building is a focal point in the area. The mosque is in the middle to separate the zoana of male and female students. The location of the mosque is also in the middle so that it is easily accessible by students and residents around the pesantren area. memorizing facilities and schools are on the right and left of the mosque. The dormitory and residence manager are at the back to get a quieter atmosphere.
Protein corona alters the mechanisms of interaction between silica nanoparticles and lipid vesicles
Authors: Arribas Perez Marcos , Beales Paul
Published: April 2022

We investigate the impact of a bovine serum albumin corona on interactions between silica nanoparticles (SNPs) of two different sizes and giant lipid vesicles. The protein corona alters the morphological response of vesicles to SNPs, demonstrating that a protein corona can change the interaction mechanism between nanoparticles and lipid membranes.
Markovnikov Alcohols via Epoxide Hydroboration by Molecular Rock-Forming Metal Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Zeng Haisu , Zheng Shengping , Neary Michelle , Dub Pavel
Published: April 2022

Synthesis of branched “Markovnikov” alcohols is crucial to various chemical industries. The catalytic reduction of substituted epoxides under mild conditions is a highly attractive method for preparing such alcohols. Classical methods based on heterogeneous or homogeneous transition metal-catalyzed hydrogenation, hydroboration or hydrosilylation usually suffer from poor selectivity, reverse regioselectivity, limited functional group compatibility, high cost and/or low availability of the catalysts. Here we report the discovery of a highly regioselective (up to 99%) hydroboration of nonsymmetrical epoxides catalyzed by ligated alkali metal triethylborohydride, an old archetypal reductant in organic chemistry. The chemoselectivity and turnover efficiencies of the present catalytic approach are excellent. Thus, terminal and internal epoxides with ene, yne, aryl, and halo groups were selectively and quantitatively reduced under a substrate-to-catalyst ratio (S/C) of up to 1000.
The hexosamine pathway and coat complex II promote malignant adaptation to nutrient scarcity
Authors: Dragic Helena , Barthelaix Audrey , Duret Cédric , Le Goupil Simon , Laprade Hadrien , Martin Sophie , Brugière Sabine , Couté Yohann , Machon Christelle , Guitton Jerome , Rudewicz Justine , Hofman Paul , Lebecque Serge , Chaveroux Cedric , Ferraro-Peyret Carole , Renno Toufic , Manié Serge N
Published: April 2022

The glucose-requiring hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which produces UDP-N-acetylglucosamine for glycosylation reactions, promotes lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. However, lung tumor cells often reside in low-nutrient microenvironments, and whether the HBP is involved in the adaptation of LUAD to nutrient stress is unknown. Here, we show that the HBP and the coat complex II (COPII) play a key role in cell survival during glucose shortage. HBP up-regulation withstood low glucose-induced production of proteins bearing truncated N-glycans, in the endoplasmic reticulum. This function for the HBP, alongside COPII up-regulation, rescued cell surface expression of a subset of glycoproteins. Those included the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), allowing an EGFR-dependent cell survival under low glucose in anchorage-independent growth. Accordingly, high expression of the HBP rate-limiting enzyme GFAT1 was associated with wild-type EGFR activation in LUAD patient samples. Notably, HBP and COPII up-regulation distinguished LUAD from the lung squamous-cell carcinoma subtype, thus uncovering adaptive mechanisms of LUAD to their harsh microenvironment.
Assessment of biogenic amine level from Cambodia fermented fish products
Authors: Sokvibol C. , Arunya P. , Chuleeporn C. , Wanitcha S. , Kriangkrai P.
Published: April 2022

Food safety status has now been seen as a global concern as well as in Cambodia. Food
allergies are one of the major problems, especially those caused by histamine. It is an
important biogenic amine that can be found in fermented foods. This research study aimed
to determine the biogenic amine levels and to isolate the histamine-producing bacteria in
Cambodian fermented fish. A total of 20 samples of fermented fish products were
randomly collected from four provinces in Cambodia, consisting of 11 samples of prahok
(fish paste) and 9 samples of toeuk-trey (fish sauce). The histamine levels of seventeen
samples and nine samples were lower than the Cambodian standard of 200 ppm and the
standard FDA guideline of 50 ppm, respectively. The histamine-producing bacteria in
prahok and toeuk-trey products were isolated and identified as Staphylococcus
piscifermentans (five isolates), Kocuria krisinae (one isolate), Staphylococcus pasteuri
(one isolate) and Staphylococcus warneri (one isolate). They were capable of producing
34.51 – 70.72 ppm of histamine contents in the culture broth. Therefore, the
contamination of these histamine-producing bacteria could be related to the level of
histamine. Thus, improper handling, processing and storage can be contributed to the
cause of biogenic amines that could be hazardous in causing histamine poisoning.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Net Interest Margin Pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2016
Authors: Asna Widyanto Deny , Wibowo Agung R. Ery , Alwiyah Alwiyah
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of liquidity, capital, efficiency, bank size and Non Performing Loans (NPL) on Net Interest Margin (NIM). The population in this study were all banking companies (commercial banks) listed (Go Public) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period 2012-2016, totaling 33 banks. The method of taking by judgment sampling method, which is one form of purposive sampling. The data used are secondary data with data analysis using linear regression analysis. Based on the research results, it was found that LDR had a positive and significant effect on NIM. EA has no significant effect on NIM. BOPO has no significant effect on NIM. Bank size has no significant effect on NIM. NPL has a significant effect on NIM. Liquidity, Efficiency Capital, Company Size and Non-Performing Loans have a significant effect on Net Interest Margin (NIM) together.
Accounting for Foreign Direct Investment: A Professional Accountant’s Judgment
Authors: Levin V. S. , Satalkina E. V.
Published: April 2022

The paper is devoted to the research of foreign direct investment accounting in the capital of Russian companies, identifies the similarities and differences in approaches to identifying direct investments in accordance with international and domestic legal norms, detects the problems of inward foreign direct investment accounting and in statistical reports. The subject of the study is the problems of theory and practice of foreign direct investment accounting. The research is based on general scientific principles and research methods: systematization, induction and deduction, synthesis and analysis. Correct identification of direct foreign investments in accounts and reliable disclosure of the accounting information and statistical reporting, at present, causes difficulties for economic entities. The solution to these problems is available through the implementation of the professional judgment of the accountant. The work results having theoretical and applied significance, can be used as a basis for the development of a company’s accounting policy.
Digital Technologies for Managing Accounting and Control Information in Large and Small Ecosystems
Authors: Turmanov М. T. , Rogulenko T. М.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the paradigm of accounting, control and analytical information that affects the success of business processes in the corporate and state sectors of the economy. The authors propose the step-bystep development of the methodology for managing big data and the creation of corporate digital ecosystems (CECE). This includes clarifying the content of the digital ecosystem concepts as well as the development of a mechanism for collecting and processing information for corporate management (using modern digital technologies and system financial platforms) with the conclusion that the most productive is the distributed ledger technology (DIT). On the basis of a clear identification of the positive and negative consequences of scaling the CECC, recommendations were made on the technology for transferring reporting data. It has been proven that DIT offers a choice for the best scaling options, can be also applied when transferring reporting information to various higher authorities. It has been determined that the search for new and improvement of the applied technologies for managing big data is actualized as the information field expands and its diversity. The possibilities of collaboration of database management systems (DBMS) are disclosed and directions for improving the efficiency of new digital technologies for managing accounting and control information (distributed registers and their variants) are identified both for large ecosystems (the economy of the country, territories, regions, clusters and banking and other large holdings) and small (economic entities and their information technology and economic departments).
Ocean Image Formation Algorithm Using Altimeter Data for Next Generation Satellite SAR
Authors: Kang Young-Geun , Kim Chul-Ki , Park Seong-Ook
Published: April 2022

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) obtains two-dimensional images of the Earth’s surface. Spatial resolution is one of the most important factors in evaluating SAR performance. Therefore, high operating frequencies are preferred for obtaining high resolution images. In fact, Ku-band and Ka-band are used in the automobile SAR (Auto-SAR) and the aircraft SAR (Airborne-SAR). However, the operating frequencies of the satellite SAR (Spaceborne-SAR) are limited to the X-band because of the wide Doppler frequency band caused by the satellite’s high velocity. To overcome this frequency limitation in satellite SAR, we propose a low-complexity SAR algorithm that forms images of the ocean using satellite altimeter data with an operating frequency of the Ku-band (13.575 GHz). The algorithm requires the burst mode pulse transmission technique frequently used in SAR altimeters. To validate the proposed algorithm as being suitable for ocean image formation, point target simulation and analysis are performed, and some quantitative results are provided.
Propulsion of a Magnetic Material-Applied Microrobot in a Tube Based on a Wireless Power Transfer System
Authors: Kim Dongwook , Ahn Jangyong , Ahn Seungyoung
Published: April 2022

Microrobots can be utilized in various applications, but their ability to move and perform tasks in various environments is especially important. In this paper, we introduce a 3-mm microrobot that can move in a liquid-filled tube, such as a vein, against gravity using an external wireless power transfer-based microrobot propulsion system. The force required to move against gravity was determined by calculating the effects of buoyance and gravity on the microrobot. Based on this information, the current required for the transmitting coil to induce sufficient propulsion was derived using the relation between the incident magnetic field and the magnetic force on a magnetic material. The propulsion system was experimentally tested, and the microrobot successfully moved upward against gravity. In addition, the level of human exposure to the applied electromagnetic field was determined to be within recommended guidelines using the electromagnetic simulation software Sim4Life.
Time conceptualisation: A case study of the colourful future
Authors: Redzimska Joanna
Published: April 2022

The following article discusses the phenomenon of time with reference to the colour domain. As it has been proved by a number of studies mentioned in the text, the phenomenon of time has been widely analysed from numerous perspectives; yet, the cognitive one is the most prominent and the most significant one for this work. As follows, the key idea for the discussion presented below is centred around the contribution of the colour domain as far as the conceptualisation of time is concerned. In order to prove the role of the colour domain for time conceptualisation, the analysis presented in the article is based on the concept of the future reference, which is exemplified by a comparative study between English and Polish corpus data. The major conclusion from the analysis is that although the colours used for conceptualisation of the future reference are rather limited in their representation, they are still responsible for modifying the qualitative grounds of timenamely they are responsible for introducing axiological aspects of time.
The role of working memory in acquiring new structures and lexicon when learning English as a second language
Authors: Janczukowicz Karolina
Published: April 2022

The following paper discusses working memory as it functions during the acquisition of a second language by children. It analyses the results of a study conducted over a 12 month period on a group of 12 Polish children ages 10 to 14, learning English as a second language. The focus of this longitudinal study was the role that the verbal working memory plays in the acquisition of new structures; namely, the extent to which processing new information in working memory is essential to learning grammar and the possibility of developing strategies of using working memory itself during the learning process. The method adopted was a comparison of several oral tasks, including repetition and postponed repetition. As the conclusion to the discussion, certain didactic implications are presented, such as the need to control and modify the didactic process as to the degree to which it relies on working memory.
Philip Kindred Dick’s "The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch": The will to power as the axiological source of hallucinogenic and technological dystopia
Authors: Weiss Adam
Published: April 2022

The paper investigates the ways in which hallucinations induced by hallucinogenic drugs with the help of technological devices distort the human perception of reality within the fictional world of Philip K. Dick’s novel, The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch. It also examines how the axiological order of this fictional world is negatively affected by power games played by the main protagonists and how these games refer to Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophical notion of the will to power. By underlining the novel’s narrative intersections between technology and axiology, this paper shows that within The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch the continuity of civilisational development proves to be dystopian in its essence.
Kesenian Naga Lim di Kota Padang: Eksistensi dan Adaptasi Budaya Masyarakat Etnis Tionghoa Sumatera Barat
Authors: Valentania Valentania
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the existence of Naga Lim art as one of the cultures of the Chinese community in the city of Padang, West Sumatra. The research was carried out with a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, where all data were described and then analyzed according to the problem. The theory used is Koetjaraningrat regarding the existence to discuss the existence of Naga Lim art in Padang City and Sumandiyo Hadi's perspective on form, to discuss the form of Naga Lim art performance as one of the Chinese community culture in Padang City. Research shows that Naga Lim Art is an art of the Chinese community that is preserved in Padang City through its adaptability. This art is always performed to celebrate Chinese New Year and Cap Go Meh, accompanied by typical Chinese musical instruments, played by 7 to 9 players using a property that resembles a Dragon and moves to imitate the imagined movements of the Dragon.Keywords: Lim Dragon Art; Chinese; West Sumatra; existence; adaptationAbstrakTulisan ini membahas perihal keberadaan kesenian Naga Lim sebagai salah satu budaya masyarakat Tionghoa di Kota Padang Sumatera Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat analisis deskriptif, dimana seluruh data dideskripsikan kemudian dianalisis sesuai dengan permasalahannya. Teori yang digunakan adalah Koetjaraningrat mengenai keberadaan untuk membahas keberadaan kesenian Naga Lim di Kota Padang dan perspektif Sumandiyo Hadi mengenai bentuk, untuk membahas bentuk pertunjukan kesenian Naga Lim sebagai salah satu budaya masyrakat Tionghoa di Kota Padang. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kesenian Naga Limmerupakan kesenian masyarakat Tionghoa yang dilestarikan di Kota Padang melalui kemampuan adaptasi. Kesenian ini selalu ditampilkan dalam memeriahkan hari raya imlek dan Cap Go Meh, diiringi oleh alat musik khas Tionghoa, dimainkan oleh 7 sampai 9 orang pemain dengan menggunakan properti yang menyerupai seekor Naga dan bergerak menirukan gerakan Naga  yang dibayangkan.Kata Kunci: Kesenian Naga Lim; Tionghoa; Sumatera Barat; eksistensi; adaptasi
Students’ Subjective Well-Being as a Criterion for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Children’s Centers: Evidence from All-Russian Children’s Center “Ocean”
Authors:   Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia, Bakina Anna , Sityaeva Snezhana ,   Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia, Orlova Olga ,   Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia, Ambrosova Valeria ,   Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia, Katkova Elena ,   Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia, Shumeyko Alexander ,   Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia, Bazilevsky Andrey ,   All-Russian Сhildren’s Сenter “Ocean”, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: April 2022

There is a problem in evaluating improvements in education effectiveness that is related to the selection of appropriate, clear assessment criteria and methods for measuring the results of the educational process. This article discusses the possibility of using the students’ subjective well-being as a criterion for internal evaluation of the educational system effectiveness in a children's center. It  describes indicators of subjective well-being and methods for studying them. The process was tested at the All-Russian Children’s Center “Ocean” in 2019. Two cohorts participated in the study: ‘Parus’ (92 people aged 13 to 17 years, average age 14.7 years) and ‘Brigantine’ (74 people aged 11 to 17 years, average age 15.2 years) - a total of 168 people. To study the cognitive component of well-being, the level of satisfaction among students in "Ocean," and the opportunity to realize their needs in this children’s center were assessed. The study used a modified methodology of international index of personal well-being, a modified version of the techniques ‘Level of correlation values and accessibility in various spheres of life’ developed by E. B Fantalova. To assess the emotional component of pupils’ well-being, their prevailing emotional background was studied using a modified version of the questionnaire ‘Feelings in school’ developed by T. N. Klyuyeva). The subjective well-being indicators in specific aspects of the children's center life were analyzed, both for the center as a whole and separately for the cohorts. This analysis made it possible to assess the possibilities of fulfilling different children’s needs in the Centre, the number of areas where there was an internal conflict (due to insufficient subjective availability of value) and an internal vacuum (due to excessive presence of low-value phenomena in the child’s life). An integral indicator of misalignment was taken into account, showing the degree of internal dissatisfaction and the obstacles to basic life needs.
Sample dimension effect on cement-stabilized sandy soil mechanical behavior
Authors: Ferreira José , Casagrande Michéle , Teixeira Raquel
Published: April 2022

Stabilized soil with cement has been a widely used solution in geotechnical projects and requires the molding of numerous specimens to investigate their properties in destructive tests, restraining the reuse for other analysis. Also, distinct sample dimension has been utilized in the research without taking this effect into account. Recognizing these needs, the height and diameter (H/D) ratio effect on cement-stabilized soil mechanical behavior was assessed in the present work. Using sandy soil, Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity tests were performed varying the curing period (7 and 28 days), cement type (I and III) and content (6, 7, 8, 9 and 10%), based on conventional (127 x 100 mm) and reduced dimension (105 x 50 mm) specimens. All variables, individually and combined, affected the compression and tensile strengths of the mixtures, resulting in greater gains for the ones molded with type III cement in reduced dimension, at 28 days of curing. The dimension as an influential variable was statistically established using the variance analysis (ANOVA) at a significance level (α) of 0.05, in which reduced dimension showed an average superior resistance of 21.3%. Mixtures molded with H/D ≥ 2 demonstrated strong correlation (R2 = 0.93), pointing to the possibility of ITS prevision through the P-wave velocity nondestructive tests.
Распад СССР: причины, ход, последствия ( к 30-летию цивилизационной катастрофы)
Authors:   Институт государственного администрирования
Published: April 2022

В сборнике представлены материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции, проведенной в ноябре 2021 г. в Институте государственного администрирования. Изложены полярные точки зрения на внутренние и внешние причины распада СССР, показана их зависимость от объективных и субъективных факторов, приведших к его превращению из мировой сверхдержавы в страну регионального значения. Крушение Советского Союза произошло буквально за пять-шесть перестроечных лет, что свидетельствует о реальных системных проблемах в обеспечении национальной безопасности страны. Была ли в принципе реформируема советская система или она исчерпала свой потенциал развития и у нее не имелось шансов на будущее? Что лежит в основе распада СССР – объективные пороки советской системы и она канула в Лету «под бременем своих несовершенств» или же в основе ее крушения лежат целенаправленные антигосударственные действия политического руководства страны? Какова роль в ликвидации Советского Союза коллективного Запада во главе с США? Авторы сборника статей, придерживающиеся различных политических воззрений, по-разному отвечают на эти и другие дискуссионные вопросы, связанные с исследованием причин краха СССР. Для педагогов, психологов, юристов, экономистов, социологов, историков, культурологов, а также студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов.
Modeling the capacity of collection points for electronic household waste in cities
Authors: Kapski D. V. , Larin O. N. , Nguyen Thi Thu Huong
Published: April 2022

This paper presents guidelines for modeling the capacity of electronic household waste collection points. These points are used as infrastructure elements with a multi-stage logistic support scheme for the electronic waste disposal process. This paper includes theoretical and methodological information on the procedure for placing points of waste collection in cities using the processes of determining the parameters of waste accumulation, calculating the design capacity of warehouses at these points, and developing routes for the transportation of waste to the places of their disposal. We represent the dependence of the logistic support costs, including the costs of maintaining waste collection points, and waste disposal to utilization facilities, on the duration of the waste accumulation period. A mathematical model for optimizing the logistic support costs is developed, which takes into account the most important parameters of the waste disposal system, namely, the topology of the collection points, the intensity of waste accumulation, the configuration of the routes, and the vehicle carrying capacity. Using the example of the Vietnamese capital, the city of Hanoi, the required number of waste collection points is calculated, the volume of waste accumulation at each point is determined, the optimal period of waste accumulation, in which the total costs for logistic support for the disposal process will be minimal, is determined. Recommendations on the organization of waste transportation, depending on the actual level of filling the capacity of collection and accumulation points, are given.
The subdifferentiability of functions convex with respect to the set of Lipschitz concave functions
Authors: Gorokhovik V. V. , Tykoun A. S.
Published: April 2022

A function defined on normed vector spaces X is called convex with respect to the set LĈ := LĈ (X,R ) ofLipschitz continuous classically concave functions (further, for brevity, LĈ -convex), if it is the upper envelope of some subset of functions from LĈ. A function f is LĈ -convex if and only if it is lower semicontinuous and bounded from below by a Lipschitz function. We introduce the notion of LĈ -subdifferentiability of a function at a point, i. e., subdifferentiability with respect to Lipschitz concave functions, which generalizes the notion of subdifferentiability of classically convex functions, and prove that for each LĈ -convex function the set of points at which it is LĈ -subdifferentiable is dense in its effective domain. The last result extends the well-known Brondsted – Rockafellar theorem on the existence of the subdifferential for classically convex lower semicontinuous functions to the more wide class of lower semicontinuous functions. Using elements of the subset LĈ θ ⊂ LĈ, which consists of Lipschitz continuous functions vanishing at the origin of X we introduce the notions of LĈ θ -subgradient and LĈ θ -subdifferential for a function at a point.The properties of LĈ -subdifferentials and their relations with the classical Fenchel – Rockafellar subdifferential are studied. Considering the set LČ := LČ (X,R ) of Lipschitz continuous classically convex functions as elementary ones we define the notions of LČ -concavity and LČ -superdifferentiability that are symmetric to the LĈ -convexity and LĈ -subdifferentiability of functions. We also derive criteria for global minimum and maximum points of nonsmooth functions formulated in terms of LĈ θ -subdifferentials and LČ θ -superdifferentials.
The formation of Bessel light beams at large distances from annular fields
Authors: Khilo N. A. , Ropot P. I. , Petrov P. K. , Belyi V. N.
Published: April 2022

In this work, the process of transformation of an annular beam in a Bessel-like field due to diffraction during propagation in a free space over long distances and due to the focusing effect is investigated. A number of models of annular fields are considered, including an analytical model in the form of a polynomial function in a bounded region of space, as well as an experimentally implemented model based on a scheme with two axicons. A comparison is made of the transverse and longitudinal intensity distributions for these models, and a high degree of stability of the structure of the longitudinal distribution of the axial intensity to a change in the model of the annular field is found. This distribution is characterized by the presence of an intense maximum with an asymmetric profile, the appearance of which is not connected with lens focusing. In the initial region of the pointed maximum, the process of formation of a Bessel beam from an annular beam arises, and a sharp increase in intensity takes place. It is also established that the focusing of an annular field at large distances essentially differs from focusing at short distances. In the case of large distances, the increase of the axial intensity does not take place in the vicinity of the focal plane, but much closer to the transmitter, and here the great increase of intensity caused by direct focusing is not identified. The transverse profile of a Bessel-like beam is calculated at large distances. It is shown that this profile is characterized by a small number of lateral rings, and the axial maximum and the first ring contain more than 90% of the light power. The problem of generation of a model annular field by a Fourier-type resonator with a special transparency mirror is considered.
Influence of heat treatment on the structure and properties of pseudo-alloy steel – copper alloy obtained by infiltration
Authors: Dyachkova L. N.
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of the effect of heat treatment regimes on changes in the structure and properties of steel-copper alloy pseudo-alloys obtained by infiltration. It is shown that, depending on the composition and initial density of the steel skeleton, the strength of the material increases by 1.3–1.8 times, the hardening effect is realized when the carbon content in the steel skeleton is 0.3–1.5 % and is achieved due to changes in the structure and phase composition of the steel base and copper phase. It has been established that during heating for quenching and during tempering, redistribution of carbon occurs in the iron phase, which is more pronounced in the frame of the pseudo-alloy made of medium-carbon steel. The formation of a “crust” structure in the grains of the skeleton is noted, while in the skeleton made of medium-carbon steel this occurs at a tempering temperature of 200 °C, in low-carbon steel – at a temperature of 500–650 °C. In a high-carbon steel skeleton, carbon stratification in the grain body is less pronounced. An increase in the strength of pseudo-alloys at tempering temperatures of 500–650 °C is associated with the formation of the α′-phase, the precipitation of the Fe3C carbide phase and the metastable Fe2C phase in the iron phase, as well as the precipitation of dispersed phases Fe4Cu3, Fe4Cu3, η-Cu6Sn5 and δ-Cu3Sn8 in the copper phase. Due to the precipitation of phases, the microhardness of the infiltrate in the form of copper in pseudo-alloys after tempering at 550 °C increased from 820–880 to 950–980 MPa, in the form of tin bronze – from 1450 to 1750 MPa. The use of heat treatment leads to an increase not only in the strength, but also in the tribotechnical properties of the pseudo-alloy: the friction coefficient of the pseudo-alloy with a frame of 80 % density made of FeC0.8 steel decreases to 0.008–0.009, the seizure pressure doubles and the wear resistance increases by more than 2.5 times.
Preliminary analysis of the possibility of using REMIX fuel in VVER-1200 reactors of the Belarusian NPP
Authors: Kazazyan V. T. , Malykhin A. P. , Vaitsetskaya E. F. , Dneprovskaya N. M. , Rubin I. E. , Tetereva N. A.
Published: April 2022

The transition from conventional uranium to regenerated fuel, which uses reprocessed spent fuel and enriched natural uranium, improves fuel efficiency and reduces the amount of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Based on the analysis of published materials concerning mainly the fuel cycles of the VVER-1000 reactor, it was concluded that the most suitable in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus is the use of REMIX fuel. To confirm this conclusion in relation to the VVER-1200 reactors of the Belarusian NPP, computational studies were carried out within the framework of the State program “Scienceintensive technologies and equipment” for 2021–2025, subprogram 3 “Scientific support for the effective and safe operation of the Belarusian nuclear power plant and promising directions for the development of nuclear energy”. The characteristics of a 12-month fuel cycle with multiple recycling (reuse of fuel) according to the REMIX technology with 19.75 % enrichment of added uranium and maintaining the design capacity and duration of the campaign have been obtained. The share of SNF that is not returned to the reactor is 12.8 % (for a cycle with uranium fuel – 100 %); the fraction of waste intended for disposal or long-term storage, respectively, decreases by 8 times, and the specific consumption of natural uranium is reduced from 202 g/(MW·day) for uranium fuel to 159 g/(MW·day) for REMIX fuel. The results obtained can be taken into account when developing a fuel use strategy at the Belarusian NPP.
Modeling the process of mixing the coolant in the lower section and pressure mixing chamber of VVER-1200 (V-491)
Authors: Chorny A. D. , Mikheenko S. D. , Speransky P. A. , Mostovenko A. L. , Krysin A. I. , Baranova T. A. , Zhukova Yu. V. , Kukharchuk I. G.
Published: April 2022

The most representative accident scenario is determined and a physical and mathematical model is developed for studying the mixing of non-isothermal coolant flows in the structural elements of the V-491 reactor facility (VVER-1200), in which the motion of the medium is described in a three-dimensional non-stationary formulation. Based on the analytical estimates of the list of initiating events, a scenario was chosen with the connection of an idle loop of the main circulation pipeline to three operating ones without a preliminary power reduction. A computational algorithm and a numerical method have been developed for the computational analysis of the selected accident scenario and the justification of the safety of operation of the V-491 reactor facility (VVER-1200). During the numerical simulation, the RANS method was used, which consists in solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, the continuity equation and the energy equation. The SST k–ω model of turbulence by Florian Menter is used to close the equations. The verification of the developed physical and mathematical model and calculation procedure was carried out by modeling thermohydraulic processes in models with both a relatively simple geometric design (tee connection) and in a scale model of the reactor vessel (ROCOM experiment), including a lowering section and a pressure mixing chamber. The qualitative agreement of the numerical simulation results with the available data of physical experiments is shown. The results of numerical simulation of the mixing process of non-isothermal coolant flows in the section from the branch pipe of the “cold” thread of the main circulation pipeline to the lower boundary of the fuel of the VVER-1200 core (V-491) are presented. It is shown that the heterogeneity in the temperature distribution at the entrance to the core manifests itself up to 15.5 s of the calculated accident scenario. For calculations the following code coupling were used: Ansys Fluent/Rainbow-TPP.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RINSING WITH CELERY LEAFS (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) EXTRACT 10% AND CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE 0.1% TO ACCELERATE POST-SCALING GINGIVITIS HEALING
Authors: Haryani I Gusti Ayu Dewi , Wedagama Dewa Made , Hervina Hervina
Published: April 2022

Background: Gingivitis is a periodontal disease caused by accumulation of bacteria plaque on the tooth surface. The primary treatment of gingivitis by removing its etiologic factors that found in phase I of periodontal therapy is scaling and plaque control. Healing process of gingivitis takes time, therefore sometimes using antimicrobial and antiinflamatory drugs as an adjunctive therapy is needed. The use of celery extract as mouthwash containing flavonoid (apiin and apigenin) works as antibacterial and antiinflamatory agent. The purpose of this study is to acknowledge the use of celery leafs extract (Apium graveolens L.) 10% and Chlorhexidine glukonat 0.1% as mouthwash to accelerate the healing process of gingivitis after scaling and root planing.Method: Experimental study using pre and post-test control group design. Samples were taken from FKG UNMAS students and RSGM FKG UNMAS patients within the period that met the inclusion criteria of caries patients, male sex, age 18-25 years old, with exclusion systemic disease and undergo orthodontic treatment, denture or prosthesis others. Subjects have index teeth (11, 16, 26, 36, 31, 46) and willing to take part in the research. A total of 32 samples divided into two groups by simple random sampling technique. Group I as control group rinsing with chlorhexidine gluconate 0,1% after scaling and Group II as experimental group rinsing with celery leaf extract 10% after scalingResult: The mean of gingival index pre-post treatment in group I: 1,29+0,11 and group II: 1,09+ 0,16. Data analyzed with independent t-test, and the results shows no significant difference between both group (p=0,071) Conclusion: Gargling for three days showed no significant difference between gargling with celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.) 10% and chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% because it was equally effective at treating post-scaling gingivitis.
Algorithm for parametric identification of the dc electric drive using the inverse model
Authors: Malev N. A. , Pogoditsky O. V. , Chilyaeva M. R. , Imamiev A. R.
Published: April 2022

THE PURPOSE. In modern control systems of various industrial units, the basis for the automation of technological processes is an electric drive. High requirements for the quality of the control process determine the formulation and solution of scientific and practical tasks for the development and creation of new promising control systems for electric drives (EDCS), allowing to maintain the required quality of functioning under the influence of destabilizing factors. These factors can affect the control system in the form of external disturbances and be summed up with the corresponding signals of the closed EDCS, and also be expressed in the form of parametric disturbances. The need arises to create such a control system that will allow for the identification of the parameters of the EDCS by introducing the appropriate identification algorithms into its structure.

METHODS. When solving the problem, a search-free gradient method of adaptive identification was used, implemented by means of the MatLab software environment.

RESULTS. The paper considers the problem of parametric identification of an electric drive with a DC motor based on the definition of sensitivity functions. Wherein to construct an algorithm for parametric identification, an inverse model of the studied EDCS is used, the quality indicator is the squared discrepancy, and the identifiable parameter is the overall transmission coefficient of the electric drive.

CONCLUSION. Modeling in the MatLab software environment showed a high robustness of the developed identification algorithm to parametric disturbances that do not affect the steadystate value of the identified parameter. The proposed method for compensating the moment of resistance electric drive also made it possible to provide a low sensitivity algorithm to external disturbances. The identification of the overall transmission coefficient of a DC electric drive is carried out with an error not exceeding 0.5% in real time under the conditions of the influence of disturbances of various physical nature.
Analysis of the actual electrical loads of public premises embedded in residential buildings
Authors: Soluyanov Yu. I. , Fedotov A. I. , Akhmetshin A. R. , Soluyanov V. I.
Published: April 2022

THE PURPOSE. With the help of data from smart electricity meters, an analysis of the profiles of electrical loads of commercial organizations that are part of apartment buildings was carried out. The results obtained are compared with their current standard values. New values of specific electrical loads for public premises are considered: pharmacies, grocery and manufactured goods stores, catering establishments, office premises.

METHODS. Half-hour load profiles were obtained from intelligent electricity metering devices installed directly at the objects under study, data transmission was carried out by an automated electricity metering system. The observation intervals were several tens of days. To process the experimentally obtained data, statistical methods for the analysis of electrical loads were used.

RESULTS. The article describes the relevance of the topic, presents the profiles of electrical loads of public premises with the highlighting of characteristic features separately for each group of electricity consumers. New specific design electrical loads are considered, including an analysis in comparison with existing standards.

CONCLUSION. The calculated values of electrical power in order to ensure technological connection for public premises, including social and cultural facilities, must be updated, since today there is a significant difference between the actual and calculated according to regulatory documents electrical loads. Updating the specific design electrical loads of public premises will reduce the locked capacity of these facilities, at the same time reduce the cost of technological connection, thereby increasing the rating of the investment climate in the region.
El relato digital (digital storytelling) como proyecto de ELE en inmersión: aprendizajes, dificultades y cambios
Authors: Peña Pascual Iranzu
Published: April 2022

Este estudio explora las percepciones de estudiantes universitarios sobre la realización de un relato digital acerca de su estancia de inmersión (Study Abroad). El  proceso de creación se inspira en el modelo autobiográfico de Story Center (storycenter.org) con alguna adaptación al contexto de ELE.  El tema del relato se enfoca en los descubrimientos a través de la experiencia de inmersión o del aprendizaje de la lengua meta. Paralelamente, la investigación recoge datos a través de dos cuestionarios completados por 162, 98 y 46 participantes voluntarios (antes del proyecto, después y en ambos casos). Si bien el sentimiento inicial mayoritario es la motivación, la inexperiencia con herramientas de edición de vídeo generó una actitud de estrés en algunos estudiantes que interfirió con la consideración de oportunidad de aprendizaje. Este resultado coincide con una dedicación de tiempo notablemente superior a la edición que a la escritura, tarea esencial del desarrollo del género.  Los resultados apuntan a cambios hacia una percepción final más positiva. Los aprendizajes se analizan respecto a tres aspectos: (a) lingüístico-comunicativos, tanto en la expresión oral como escrita, (b) sociales y de (c) creación de sentido biográfico-identitario.
The Impact of CLIL Teacher Education on the Beliefs of In-service CLIL Teachers
Authors: Azparren Legarre Mª Paz
Published: April 2022

This qualitative study investigates the impact of a CLIL teacher education programme on the beliefs that six in-service CLIL secondary school teachers of content subjects had about CLIL as a methodology for teaching and about using a FL as the means of instruction. The importance of CLIL teacher education provision is now uncontested, however, little research exists on the impact that those CLIL teacher education programmes may have on teachers’ beliefs. Data was collected by means of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews before and after the CLIL teacher education programme was delivered to teachers. Results showed that the programme had significant impact on the teachers’ beliefs. The programme enabled teachers to learn about, understand and become aware of what CLIL methodology is and implies both as regards the methodology itself and as regards language. Teachers gave voice to their beliefs and were able to reflect on their own previous (wrong) CLIL teaching practices, which had been informed by those beliefs. After the programme, the teachers had become empowered and confident professionals who were willing to implement real CLIL in a conscious way. This evidence of impact has important implications for CLIL teacher education provision and for effective CLIL implementation in classrooms.
An Analytical Study of Early Childhood Education Facilities in Public and Private Sector Schools in Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Authors: Nazir Nadia
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this paper was to analyse a situation of ECE facilities available in public and private sector schools in AJ&K. Main objective of the study was to assess the availability of physical, academic, sports and learning environment facilities for ECE in public and private sector schools in AJ&K. Questionnaire was comprised on 46 items with four subscales. The result of the study revealed that the availability of all four facilities is better in public sector schools than private sector schools. It is recommended that resources of teaching and learning for early childhood education need to be increased. It is also suggested that curriculum for ECE should also be revised and implemented in private sector schools of AJ&K.

Keywords: Early Childhood Education, Facilities.