bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos epidemiológicos dos casos de coinfecção tuberculose-vírus da imunodeficiência humana
Authors: Moreira William Caracas , Januário Dilyane Cabral , Silva Juliana Kelly Batista da , Nóbrega Luciana Maria Bernardo , Santos Jamira Martins dos , Romero Renata Olivia Gadelha , Nobrega Jordana Almeida , Leadebal Oriana Deyze Correia Paiva
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A tuberculose encontra-se estreitamente associada ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Os indivíduos com vírus da imunodeficiência humana têm 37 vezes mais chances de apresentar um quadro de tuberculose do que os indivíduos sem o vírus. A tuberculose relacionada ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana modificou o panorama de contenção da tuberculose mundialmente, conduzindo a um crescimento nos registros dessa doença, bem como em sua letalidade e morbidade. Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos dos casos de coinfecção tuberculose- vírus da imunodeficiência humana no Brasil (2011–2020). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo retrospectivo, referente aos casos de coinfecção tuberculose-vírus da imunodeficiência humana compreendidos no período de 2011 a 2020. Os dados foram obtidos do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: ano, unidade federativa, sexo, raça, faixa etária, escolaridade e zona de residência. Resultados: No Brasil, entre os anos de 2011 e 2020, foram notificados pelo menos 7 mil casos em cada ano, totalizando 89.086 casos de coinfecção tuberculose-vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Do total de casos, 71,05% pertencem ao sexo masculino, 93,3% possuem de 20 a 59 anos, 43,47% são pardos e 0,47% gestantes. Os estados que concentram maior número de casos são São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul e Rio de Janeiro, com 21,11%, 15,13% e 14,17%, respectivamente. Entre os casos, prevalecem os coinfectados que possuem baixa escolaridade, com ensino fundamental incompleto (38,72%) e os que residem em zona urbana (72,11%). Conclusão: Em suma, observou-se que há um número que persistentemente significativo ao longo dos anos, concentrados na região Sudeste do país. Assim, tem-se a importância da investigação epidemiológica, tida como o primeiro passo para minimizar o número de casos de coinfecção tuberculose-vírus da imunodeficiência humana no país e promover subsídios para ações em políticas públicas.
Mortalidade por sifilis terciária no Brasil, 2009–2019
Authors: Cunha Maria Clara de Sousa Lima , Monteiro Lucas Nascimento , Gonçalves Melissa Nathalye Ramos e , Silva Paulo Henrique Alves da , Malta Voney Fernando Mendes , Chaves José Humberto Belmino , Neiva Geovana Santos Martins , Neiva Gentileza Santos Martins
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A sífilis, uma infecção sexualmente transmissível, é provocada pela bactéria Gram-negativa Treponema pallidum. O contato sexual desprotegido com pessoa contaminada, a mucosa, o sangue ou a saliva de pacientes infectados e a via transplacentária materno-fetal são vias de transmissão. A sífilis tardia ou terciária é o resultado final da história natural dessa doença, ocorrendo quando ela não é detectada e/ou tratada adequadamente. Ela é a fase mais grave da doença, podendo afetar múltiplos órgãos e resultar na neurossífilis e na sífilis cardiovascular. Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento da mortalidade por sífilis terciária, segundo a etnia, entre 2009 e 2019, no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo que relaciona a etnia ao óbito por sífilis terciária a partir da base de dados do TABNET/Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram selecionados pelas seguintes categorias: período entre 2009-2019, capítulo da 10ª Classificação Internacional de Doenças “Algumas doenças infecciosas e parasitárias”, grupo da 10ª Classificação Internacional de Doenças “Infecção de transmissão predominantemente sexual”, categoria da 10ª Classificação Internacional de Doenças “A52”, cor/raça “todas as categorias”. Resultados: Houve um aumento nos óbitos por sífilis tardia de 2009 a 2019, de 17 para 60 (elevação de 253,0%). Analisando etnicamente, o número de casos em brancos foi de 8 para 27 (crescimento de 237,5%). Nos pretos, subiu de 2 para 10 (aumento de 400,0%). Nos pardos, houve incremento de 5 para 21 mortes (aumento de 320,0%). Na etnia amarela, foi retratado um caso isolado em 2013. Em valores absolutos, os pretos demonstraram maior aumento do número de casos, seguidos pelos pardos e brancos, cujo número de casos também aumentou consideravelmente. Conclusão: Os resultados mostram a necessidade de maior acesso à informação e aos serviços de saúde, principalmente em comunidades de baixa renda, para que haja um aumento de sua notificação e, consequentemente, uma diminuição do número de óbitos.
Knowledge of university students about sexually transmitted infections: a literature review
Authors: Carmo Carolina Barbosa Carvalho do , Langkamer Marcos Filipe Bueno , Dias Luis Regagnan , Sousa Adriany Brito , Cardoso Nicole Nogueira , Oliveira Cristhiane Campos Marques de , Mariz Fabiana Nunes de Carvalho , Araújo Carla Nunes de
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a serious health care problem, with an estimated annual incidence of 357 million cases by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is important to recognize that young adults are responsible for more than half of all STI cases. Objective: The aim of this review was to determine the general knowledge of university students about STI. Methods: A literature review was conducted to identify knowledge studies of undergraduate students about STI. The electronic database MEDLINE was searched for articles published in the past 5 years, using the following MeSH terms: “Sexually Transmitted Diseases,” “Knowledge,” “University,” and “Students.” Studies’ titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility and relevant articles were read in full and included in the review. Results: A total of nine articles were selected for the final analysis. When compared to other courses, health students had higher rates of knowledge and showed more correct answers to the questions about STI than students from other courses. For some students, the consciousness acquired at the university acted as a protection factor to avoid risky sexual behavior. In contrast, in one study, only 13% of the students declared feeling they had enough knowledge to avoid getting infected. The source of knowledge may vary. Concerning a Chinese study, students declared their knowledge about STI was obtained mainly at school. HIV was the best known STI, although 90% of the participants in one study were unaware that an infected person might not have any symptoms. Comparisons between sex and age evidenced knowledge variation in some studies. Conclusion: The average of knowledge level about STI among university students varies between 30% and 60% in the analyzed studies. HIV/AIDS was the best known STI and this result shows the need for emphasizing other STI information among university students.
Vídeo educativo para promoção da saúde e dos direitos sociais da população transgênero
Authors: Rodrigues Victor Caetano , Bezerra Sara Araújo , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Segundo a Associação Nacional de Travestis e Transexuais, o Brasil, em 2019, era considerado o país em que mais se assassinavam pessoas transgêneras. Há desinformação da população transexuais sobre seus direitos básicos, como a proteção contra a violência, o reconhecimento de sua identidade de gênero, do processo transsexualizador e de como prevenir e tratar a infecção por vírus da imunodeficiência humana, à qual estão suscetíveis. Objetivo: Construir roteiro de vídeo educativo voltado à população transgênero para promoção da saúde e dos direitos sociais. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de desenvolvimento tecnológico. O referencial teórico utilizado se baseia nos princípios propostos por Freire. A elaboração do roteiro do vídeo ocorreu em quatro etapas: 1. Revisão da literatura acerca das principais demandas em saúde e sociais da população transgênero, 2. Elaboração do conteúdo do roteiro do vídeo, 3. Produção e edição do vídeo, 4. Divulgação do vídeo por meio das mídias sociais do Grupo de Pesquisa Promoção da Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva, do Departamento de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Ceará e da Atenção Primária em Saúde. Resultados: O roteiro do vídeo é composto de duas entrevistas: a primeira contém seis perguntas direcionadas ao processo transexualizador e vulnerabilidades de saúde, e a segunda apresenta sete perguntas voltadas à violência, ao preconceito e às fragilidades sociais e de saúde, incluindo o risco de infecção por vírus da imunodeficiência humana, vivenciados pela população transexuais. Duas pessoas transexuais participarão do vídeo, as quais irão interagir diretamente com a câmera. As questões abordam estigma e violência contra a população transexuais, direitos sociais, direitos em saúde, especialmente voltados ao processo transsexualizador e à prevenção do vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Conclusão: Verificou-se que o roteiro do vídeo educativo apresenta conteúdos fundamentais para promoção da saúde integral da população transexuais, destacando-se a saúde sexual e prevenção do vírus da imunodeficiência humana, dos direitos sociais e prevenção à violência.
Studi Hadis di Pesantren
Authors: Rofii Arwani
Published: February 2022

Hadis merupakan komponen penting dalam beragama karena hadis adalah sumber hukum Islam yang kedua setelah A l-Qur’an.Oleh karena hadis mempunyai kedudukan yang tinggi di Islam maka penulis ingin meneliti bagaimana kajian hadis semenjak zaman Rasulullah sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam hingga sekarang ini khususnya di Indonesia. Di Indonesia Pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga keagamaan mempunyai peren penting dalam maju mundurnya kajian hadis di Indonesia. Tujuan penulis adalah mengetahui sejarah perkembangan hadis mulai zaman Rasululullah hingga pada masa sekarang ini. Penelitian ini merupkan jenis penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan menggunakan metode content analyst dalam mengolah informasi yang telah diperoleh. Selain itu penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan cara wawancara kepada beberapa pengurus pesantren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kajian hadis sudah ada semenjak Rasulullah sallalahu ‘alayhi wa sallam hidup, para sahabat juga melakukan kajian atau pembelajaran hadis demikian juga para tabi’in di madrasah-madrasah hadis yang berada di wilayah yang telah ditaklukkan. Kajian hadis terus berkembang pesat seiring pesatnya wilayah-wilayah yang ditaklukkan oleh Islam, kemudian pada masa khalifah ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-Aziz mulailah dibukukan hadis yang dapat digunakan sebagai sarana dalam mengkaji hadis, muncul kitab Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan al-Arba’ah dan lain sebagainya. Di Indonesia kajian hadis juga muncul seiring masuknya Islam di Indonesia pada abad 17, kajian hadis terus berjalan hingga sekarang dan pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan mempunyai perananan penting dalam keteberlangsungan kajian hadis di Indonesi. Di antara kitab-kitab Hadis yang dikaji di pesantren di Indoensia adalah Bulugh al-Maram, Hadith al-Arba’in al-Nawawiyyah, Sahih al-Bukhari dan lain sebagainya.
Jejak Pemikiran Ibnu Sina dalam Logika Modern
Authors: Zahroh Hamlah Ayatillah , Saputra Andhika Dwi
Published: February 2022

Logika membantu pikiran agar runtut sistematis dan masuk akal dalam mencerna alam melalui bahasa. Akal yang masuk akal hanya bersifat potensial. Baru menjadi manifes jika kalimat per kalimat yang menuangkan informasi dari pikiran itu disusun secara logis. Artinya sesuai dengan karakter akal. Ibnu Sina atau Avicenna mengelaborasi cara berpikir Yunani untuk menghasilkan simpulan yang masuk akal.

 

Pikiran-pikiran Ibnu Sina terwariskan dalam logika modern yang diajarkan sekolah dan kampus. Maka menelaah tata logika modern, tidak bisa dilepaskan dari jejak logika Ibnu Sina. Beragam penamaan, istilah-istilah teknis dalam logika modern menunjukkan jejak pikiran logika Ibnu Sina. Maka pertama-tama, tulisan ini akan membahas Ibnu Sina baik dari sisi biografi maupun karir intelektual terutama pandangaannya tentang logika. Kedua, tulisan ini akan menjelaskan logika modern. Dasar-dasar logika modern itu tercermin dalam berbagai istilah penamaan: induksi, deduksi, silogisme, penalran, penyimpulan. Ibnu Sina melakukan formaliasi cara berpikir logis yang terwarisi hingga kini.
Dietri yang Menyehatkan
Authors: Robi'aqalbi Rosydina , Naria Eva
Published: February 2022

Permasalahan kesehatan terutama permasalahan status gizi masihmemerlukan perhatian khusus. Di Indonesia apalagi saat ini tengah memasukimasalah gizi ganda, di mana masalah gizi kurang belum teratasi sepenuhnya,namun sudah timbul masalah gizi baru yaitu kegemukan atau obesitas. Obesitasmerupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya beberapa penyakit seperti penyakitjantung, diabetes melitus, dan hipertensi. Angka kejadian obesitas terus meningkatsejak tahun 1975 sampai 2016 dari 4% sampai 18% pada usia 5-19. Obesitas bisaterjadi ketika tidak terdapat keseimbangan antara energi yang masuk dengan yangdigunakan. Untuk itu dibutukan suatu konsep atau formulasi yang cukup agar terusmenjaga status gizi tetap normal. Islam telah lama mengajarkan bahwa perilakuberlebihan itu dilarang. Tidak berlebihan dalam makan disebutkan dalam QS AlAn’am: 141 dan QS Al-A’raf: 31. Selain dalam Al-Qur’an, dalam hadis RasullullahSAW pun telah terdapat formulasi konsep makan yang cukup dengan menjaga perutsepertiganya untuk makanan, sepertiga untuk minuman, dan sepertiganya lagiuntuk udara. Sementara dalam ilmu kesehatan, tanpa menyelisihi apa yang sudahagama Islam ajarkan, terdapat konsep atau formulasi sampai takaran detailseberapa besar porsi makan yang dianggap cukup. Maka dalam penelitian ini akandibahas secara studi literatur tentang bagaimana konsep makan yang cukup ituatau bagaimana cara menghitung kebutuhan makan setiap orang. Dalam ilmukesehatan, terdapat rumus IMT (Indeks Masa Tubuh) untuk mengukur status giziseseorang, dan juga terdapat rumusan kebutuhan energi seseorang yangdidasarkan pada usia, berat badan, serta aktifitasnya.
THE ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE FUND CONTRIBUTION TO ACHIEVE A NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL (SDGs VILLAGE) IN GADINGREJO VILLAGE, KEPIL SUBDISTRICT WONOSOBO REGENCY
Authors: Ahmad Subekti
Published: February 2022

One of the goals of the Village Fund disbursement is to be able to contribute to accelerating the achievement of sustainable national development goals (SDGs Desa). However, in reality, the allocation of the Village Fund which has entered its eighth year carried out by the village government often does not consider sustainable development factors. stated that for villages in Indonesia, the localization of SDGs into Village SDGs was really needed. In fact, the Village SDGs are the main reference for the medium-term development of villages throughout Indonesia. The proven SDGs make it easier to measure development. The measure itself is comprehensive on aspects of people's lives and their environment. Therefore, the localization of SDGs as Village SDGs makes the direction of village development clear and detailed in holistic goals, namely the real contribution of using Village Funds to accelerate the achievement of sustainable national development goals.

By using qualitative methods (Cresswel, 2015), this study examines how the problem of the contribution of the Village Fund in sustainable development in Gadingrejo Village, Kepil District, Wonosobo Regency. This study will use the approach proposed by A. Halim Iskandar (2020) regarding the Village SDGs to Accelerate the Achievement of Sustainable National Development Goals.

The research findings describe six dimensions, namely (1) Prosperous Villagers (2) Natural balance (3) Village prosperity (4) Peace (5) Partnership and (6) Village Institutions and Wisdom. The contribution of village funds in Gadingrejo Village to finance and maximize the six dimensions mentioned above has not been fully achieved.
Proposta arquitetônica e urbanística de um centro-dia
Authors: Marchioro Morgana , Gattermann Liliany Schramm da Silva , Petry Cláudia , Tomasini Sérgio Luiz Valente
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho trata de uma proposta projetual de um Centro-Dia para idosos no município de Nova Araçá/RS e abrangendo as regiões vizinhas. Na revisão bibliográfica, os assuntos abordados envolvem a evolução do conceito de idoso, os centros de acolhimento ao idoso, saúde do idoso - importância do exercício físico e mental na velhice, Gerontologia Ambiental e a Arquitetura dos espaços e a Proposta Arquitetônica e Urbanística de um Centro-Dia. O desenvolvimento da proposta de projeto, baseia-se, sobretudo, em revisão bibliográfica, revisão à legislação vigente relacionada e na análise de projetos para Centros-dia mas não em estudos de caso propriamente ditos, que constitui um tipo de metodologia com procedimentos próprios e distintos. Deste modo, as atividades diárias, satisfação com o envelhecimento e a integração entre os idosos nos espaços propostos constituem a composição formal, com amplas áreas e a conexão com um átrio central.
Diferenciar, individualizar e personalizar o ensino para a melhoria dos indicadores de aprendizagem utilizando um laboratório virtual de física
Authors: Krause Marcelo O'Donnell , Santos Thaís Suzana de J.
Published: February 2022

Plataformas didáticas digitais estão despertando a curiosidade e o interesse nos alunos e sendo utilizadas por professores com o objetivo de melhorar o processo de ensino aprendizagem nas escolas, principalmente durante este período de pandemia na qual os laboratórios físicos se tornaram inoperantes devido ao isolamento social. Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal apresentar uma metodologia capaz de diferenciar, individualizar e personalizar o ensino de física em turmas do 3º ano do ensino médio da Escola SESI Adonias Filho, em Ilhéus, através da utilização do PhET, que é um software com tecnologia educacional. Este software apresenta, como metodologia de ensino, um laboratório virtual, onde os alunos são capazes de construir seus próprios circuitos elétricos com lâmpadas, resistores, geradores e dispositivos de medidas, além de poder conferir os resultados obtidos nos cálculos realizados nos livros e módulos. Os alunos foram capazes de montar os seus circuitos após as aulas conceituais no próprio aplicativo. O resultado foi uma aprovação generalizada do uso do PhET como uma forma de se adequar ao ensino remoto, tanto pela facilidade de acesso, bem como a sua utilização como fator motivacional para o aprendizado.

 

Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem; PhET; Software; Laboratório Virtual.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN KONSEP MAHASISWA CALON GURU FISIKA PADA MATERI KINEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN TES DIAGNOSTIK THREE TIER
Authors: Rampengan Alfrie Musa , Kumonong Kristanto Gunawan , Rondonuwu Anneke Tinneke
Published: February 2022

Misconception is a wrong way of looking at an event that occurs. Various types of research have also been conducted to uncover and resolve these misconceptions. This study aims to analyze the misconceptions of the Physics Teacher Candidate Student (MCGF) on the concept of kinematics. With the form of qualitative research, the data collection technique was carried out using a three-level diagnostic test while the validity of the data used reference material, namely a test recap in the form of a three-level diagnostic test result script. Data analysis was carried out by being described, categorized, synthesized, then sorted systematically using three steps, namely editing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. From the researc, the results show that the misconceptions that occur in MCGF are determined by the sub-concept of Regularly Changing Straight Motion (GLBB) and Parabolic Motion, especially in determining the projectile trajectory. Factors that cause misconceptions are associative thoughts, incomplete reasoning and even tend to be wrong, and wrong intuition. An alternative solution that can be done is exposing the respondent to recovery, anomalous events, and incomplete and erroneous rationality and reasoning so that it is immediately completed. It is hoped that any misconceptions that occur can be immediately contacted.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA DAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMA N 2 TONDANO
Authors: Tindige Selty Anastasia , Rende Jeane Cornelda , Komansilan Alfrits
Published: February 2022

This study aims to: 1) To find out how to improve physics learning outcomes of Class X students at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano, use a project-based learning model on effort and energy.  2) Determination of the improvement in the abilities of class X students in physics processes at the SMA Negeri 2 Tondano using a project-based learning model, on the subject of effort and energy. This type of research is a research using the Classroom Action Research Method (PTK) done in 2 cycles in 4 stages, namely: planning phase, action, observation and reflection. The results of the study were 1) The application of the PjBL learning model on the subject of effort and energy can improve the learning outcomes of the physical and scientific process skills of the class X SMA N 2 Tondano. 2) Cycle I The gain test value was 0.43 in the medium category, Cycle II the gain test value was 0.51 in the moderate category. 3) In the first cycle the average value of the scientific process skills was 84.7 with a good category and cycle II the average value of the scientific process skills was 89.9 with a very good category.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING VIRTUAL LABORATORY TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KONSEP FISIKA MAHASISWA PADA MATERI AYUNAN PUNTIR
Authors: Lembang Uranti Amba , Komansilan Alfrits , Polii Jeferson
Published: February 2022

The laboratory becomes medium for learning science that can make students form knowledge and discover physics concepts from the theory that is being studied. However, learning activities in the laboratory generally make students do what they are told in practicum instructions without understanding what they are doing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Problem Solving Virtual Laboratory learning on students' mastery of physics concepts on the Twist Swing material. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 18 students of the 2nd semester of the physics education study program. Based on the n-gain test, 15 students were in the high category with 83% and three students in the medium category with 17%. The statistical hypothesis test using the t-test at the significant level  = 0.05, the t value is 2.47, and the t table value is 2.11 so that tcount > ttable. From these results, it can be concluded that problem-solving virtual laboratory learning affects students' mastery of physics concepts on torsional pendulum material.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Kanker
Authors: Anggraeni Lina Dewi , Novianty Fransiska
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cancer is a disease caused an abnormal cell growth due to the change in the expression of a gene, attacking cells or tissues to be around so that damage occurs. The condition can give a major change for the patient, either physically, psychologically, economically, or other. These changes can result in a decreased quality of life in people with cancer.
Objectives: This study aims to identify the factors associated with quality-of-life patients with cancer.
Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach, using the WHOQOL-BERF questionnaire. The study was conducted from December 2017 to January  2018. Samples in this study were 33 respondents. Data analysis using chi-square and Kendall tau b.
Result: The results of the bivariate analysis showed that family support had a significant relationship between the quality of life (P-value = 0.010), while age, sex, length of chemotherapy, level of education, and occupation did not significantly relate with quality of life.
Conclusion: The recommendations of this study are health workers can provide support such as psychological counseling, nutrition, and pharmacology.
Efektifitas Media Promosi Kesehatan Audio Visual Lagu Cuci Tangan Terhadap Pelaksanaan Cuci Tangan 6 Langkah Pada Anak
Authors: Criony James
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Hand washing is one of the personal hygiene steps taken to prevent disease. According to WHO, only 33.7% of children in the world have the habit of washing their hands, while according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2016 there are only about 17% of Indonesian children behaved properly and properly. One of the efforts that can be done to overcome these problems is by promoting the health of audio-visual media.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of audio-visual health promotion media using the song let's wash hands on the implementation of 6 steps of handwashing in children.
Method: This study uses a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was 30 children aged 8-10 years in Cilodong District.
Result: The results of the sample paired t-test with a correlation value of 0.000 < 0.005, the average value of the pretest and posttest of 30 respondents is -15,667 and 66,67 this value shows the difference between before the respondent is given treatment and after the respondent is given treatment. The difference is between -18.87183 to -12.46150.
Conclusion: There is an effect of health promotion on audio-visual media, let's wash hands on the implementation of the 6 steps of washing hands in children. Based on these results, it is known that the audio-visual media of the song let's wash hands is effective in increasing children's abilities in implementing the 6 steps of good and correct hand washing.
The Characterization of Nanocellulose with Various Durations and NaOH Concentration
Authors: Suanto Pengki , Saloma  , Usman Arie Putra , Saggaff Anis , Ismail Mohammad , Khalid Nur Hafizah A
Published: February 2022

Nanotechnology has become an important part of industrial construction, especially in concrete structural materials. Additionally, waste is a severe environmental problem when using paper can impact waste caused by waste. The inner nanocellulose is sourced from paper waste and then synthesized using natrium hydroxide (NaOH) and natrium hypochlorite (NaClO). Nanocellulose from waste paper was synthesized with a 5%, 10%, and 15% NaOH solution and a 2% NaClO solution with variations in heating time (2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours) at a temperature of 125C. The physical, chemical, and microstructural properties were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The XRD results show a higher amorphous percentage after chemical synthesis. A 15% concentration heated for 6 hours, resulted in 79.68% amorphous content, and the lowest amorphous percentage in 5% NaOH with a heating duration of 4 hours, resulting in 63.69% amorphous content. Conversely, if added, acid can reduce the amorphous content and increase the crystal structure. The results of the FT-IR analysis show that treatment using NaOH and NaClO can remove lignin and hemicellulose structures in cellulose fibers. The SEM results show that the size of the structure is smoother and cleaner after treatment with NaOH and NaClO. The results of the EDX test show that with the NaOH and NaClO treatment, the chemical content was close to the chemical content of OPC. Thus, nanocellulose can be used as a substitute for some cement materials in concrete mixtures.
Traders Perception and Awareness on Financial Derivatives in Indian Stock Market
Authors: Selvaraj N
Published: February 2022

The Government of India has introduced Economic Policy in 1991 to implement structural reforms for reduce the imbalances. In India, Traders want maximum gain with minimum risk, so is the case with derivatives. Derivatives are among the forefront of the innovations in the financial markets and aim to increase returns and reduce risk. A derivative is a financial product which has been derived from another financial product or commodity. The derivatives do not have independent existence without underlying product and market. Derivatives are contracts which are written between two parties for easily marketable assets. Derivatives are gaining importance due to increased volatility in capital and foreign currency markets. RBI finds ways for healthy development of market and takes steps to popularise the use of derivative instruments, but still awareness about the derivative instruments and its uses are quite low. Hence, it is necessary to find out the level of awareness among investing public and if found low, how to create adequate awareness to encourage the use of derivative products as hedge tools. This study can be used by the regulating authorities and broker houses to increase awareness among the traders about derivatives. One should invest in secured and risk-free investments rather than high-risk, highly profitable investments. Tracking the market environment better with sound knowledge about a particular stock would result in better returns. Since many of the entities in this study are independent of each other, there is need to analyse on a buying decision specifically for respective stocks. People with less experience can also be high profit makers when decisions are based on intricate fundamental and technical analyses.
Monetary Policy Transmission Paths and Money Supply in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Nigeria and Ghana
Authors: Obinne Ugwuanyi Georgina , Okon Efanga Udeme , Chinelo Okanya Ogochukwu
Published: February 2022

The main objective of this study gears towards evaluating monetary policy transmission paths and money supply in Sub- Saharan Africa: evidence from Nigeria and Ghana from1981- 2018. The Central Bank of Nigeria, Bank of Ghana and World Bank, World Development Indicator of 2018 furnished us with the data used for analysis. This study explored three different monetary policy transmission channels: interest rate, credit and asset pricing transmission channels and these variables were regressed on money supply in both countries using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model estimation technique. The study also employed other diagnostic tests such as: Normality, Auto correlation test, Heteroskedasticity test and Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM test and they confirmed the validity and reliability of the model employed. The inferential results revealed that credit to private sector transmission channels in both Nigeria and Ghana had positive and significant impact on money supply but lending rate transmission paths in the two countries impacted insignificantly on money supply. This study concludes that monetary policy transmission channels in Nigeria were more robust in impacting on money supply than in Ghana. As such, the study recommends that monetary authorities of both countries need to formulate stringent monetary policies that will reduce the circulation of money outside the financial systems and there should be a synergy between monetary and fiscal policies in both economies so as to aid the instruments of macroeconomic policies achieve their objectives.
Puer, iuvenis, vir. Morte di giovani eroi nell’"Eneide"
Authors: Gioseffi Massimo
Published: February 2022

Nell’Eneide, Virgilio inventa il personaggio del puer che, volendo combattere come un guerriero (iuuenis) e mostrarsi un degno eroe (uir), finisce per essere abbattuto da un maior hostis. L’articolo presenta un’analisi comparativa di queste figure e riflette sulle possibili ragioni che hanno portato Virgilio a insistere così tanto su di loro.
Differire o uccidere: la morte tra i duelli del "Furioso"
Authors: Stroppa Sabrina
Published: February 2022

In un genere, come quello cavalleresco, nel quale l’esercizio d’armi è la manifestazione più insigne del valore del cavaliere, una parte consistente della narrazione si risolve in una serie di duelli. Il Furioso si struttura fin dall’esordio come radicalmente diverso rispetto all’Innamorato: se la sequela di duelli che punteggiano il poema boiardesco culminano, già nel libro primo, nel lungo e mortale duello tra Orlando e Agricane, Ariosto oppone una struttura basata sul differimento e l’elusione. Il saggio mira a evidenziare come nella prima parte del Furioso i duelli siano più giochi d’arme che battaglie sanguinose, e come, procedendo con la narrazione, il romanzo si incupisca e vada verso una fine tragica.
Gli amari frutti del martirio. Sulla morte di Brandimarte ("Orlando furioso" XLI-XLIII)
Authors: Bucchi Gabriele
Published: February 2022

Il saggio ripercorre le vicende di Brandimarte, personaggio di invenzione boiardesca, concentrandosi in particolare sull’episodio della sua morte nel Furioso (XLI-XLIII). Se è vero (come mostrato da Monteverdi, Quint e altri studiosi) che nel duello di Lipadusa Ariosto immola il personaggio del fedele amico di Orlando al trionfo di un epos che riattualizza il sacrificio di Roncisvalle, in queste pagine si tenta di mostrare come il connubio tra vocazione politico-pragmatica e ethos cortese di cui Boiardo sostanzia il suo personaggio riaffiori sintomaticamente anche nel Furioso (particolarmente nel colloquio con Agramante del canto XLI), pur messo in ombra dal martirio cristiano cui il personaggio è finalmente (ma anche ambiguamente) destinato. Infine, si propone l’ipotesi di un parallelo sotterraneo nella memoria ariostesca tra la morte (e in particolare i funerali) del giovane Brandimarte e quelli di Gaston de Foix, caduto a Ravenna nel 1512.
«Questa che ’l vulgo appella morte»: il martirio (e la morte) degli eroi nella "Gerusalemme liberata"
Authors: Tomasi Franco
Published: February 2022

Il pensiero della morte quale esito possibile del destino di un eroe costituisce un momento cruciale nella definizione etica dei cavalieri della Gerusalemme liberata. È in particolare la fortitudo di marca aristotelica a guidare alcuni cavalieri cristiani che dimostrano di affrontare la morte con piena consapevolezza in nome della logica del martirio: Sofronia, Goffredo e Sveno rappresentano tre diverse manifestazioni di questa ideologia in nome della quale la morte si configura come una vittoria. Anche i cavalieri pagani, soprattutto la figura di Solimano, illustrano spesso una visione pienamente consapevole della propria morte in nome di un valore collettivo, alternando così la partecipazione allo spettacolo orroroso della guerra con momenti di introspettiva riflessione.
La morte elusa e l’eroismo rifiutato
Authors: Malavasi Massimiliano
Published: February 2022

La morte del protagonista nel poema eroicomico è un evento decisamente inusuale. Anche considerando come parte di questa produzione il poema giocoso e le parodie dei miti classici, la lista degli eroi che cadono gloriosamente sul campo di battaglia rimane decisamente breve. E non si tratta di un caso: a parte i personaggi che scoppiano letteralmente dalle risate o che muoiono perché morsi da un piccolo granchio, gli eroi del poema eroicomico sono uomini pieni di paura, renitenti all’eroismo, desiderosi soprattutto di rimanere vivi per poter continuare a mangiare a crepapelle, a fare l’amore, a godersi l’esistenza. E l’idea stessa dell’eroismo è costantemente condannata e derisa. Questa rivendicazione per la vita contro l’obbligo del sacrificio – nella cultura Controriformistica – è più politica di quanto i critici abbiano in genere creduto. Uno sguardo alle opere di scrittori quali Aretino, Folengo, Tassoni, Lippi, de’ Bardi, Corsini, ma anche Traiano Boccalini, fornisce un’elo-quente prova dell’esistenza di una mentalità alternativa ai dogmi della civiltà aristocratica.
La morte dell'eroe nella tradizione giapponese
Authors: Ghilardi Marcello
Published: February 2022

Nella tradizione epica giapponese, come pure nei racconti basati su eventi storici e tramandati di generazione in generazione, spiccano le figure di eroi la cui apoteosi coincide con la morte – talvolta autoinflitta tramite la pratica del seppuku, il taglio rituale del ventre. Vi sono certo motivazioni legate alle principali religioni e dottrine che hanno formato la cultura nipponica, come lo shintō, il confucianesimo e il buddhismo; ma soprattutto, alla radice dell’affetto che tali figure suscitano nella coscienza collettiva in Giappone, si intrecciano un senso di commozione per la transitorietà della vita e il riconoscimento di una purezza di intenti, di un’autenticità che si rende tanto più evidente ed esplicita quanto meno è sostenuta dalla vittoria, personale o politica. La fedeltà a una causa o a un ideale si misura non dall’utile che se ne ricava, ma dalla capacità di aderirvi con la totalità del proprio essere. La figura dell’eroe guerriero, perennemente esposto al rischio della morte, diviene quindi insieme al caduco fiore di ciliegio l’emblema della capacità di accogliere la pienezza nella vita, senza avvinghiarsi ad essa spasmodicamente e senza fuggirla o tradirla, lasciandola accadere e pure passare, sfiorire, tornare alla dimensione originaria, non ancora attualizzata.
Sephirot – Il Gioco: passaggio tra rappresentazione e simulazione
Authors: Anglani Alessandro
Published: February 2022

Partendo dalla teoria dell'homo ludens di Huizinga, il caso di studio che propongo è SEPHIROT-IL GIOCO©, il metodo di creazione di performance interattive da me creato nel 2018 dopo un attento studio delle strutture narrative ipertestuali. Il progetto nasce per valorizzare la presenza del pubblico in sala, in quanto "co-creatore" dell'opera, permettendo l'applicazione delle più recenti tecnologie di AR e VR su strutture testuali algoritmiche anche tramite online streaming. La mia intenzione è quella di ribaltare la struttura dello spettacolo tradizionale e permettere al pubblico di cambiarne la forma attivamente. La correlazione tra Teatro e Gioco non è nuova, ma sono evidenti le resistenze di alcune visioni che vorrebbero che to play e recitare fossero due compartimenti stagni. Da queste riflessioni nasce la necessità di creare performance interattive strutturate secondo principi di interattività, ipermedialità, ipertestualità e proceduralità.
Ophuirid Ophiocomina Nigra HLA-E Gene Synthesis in PUC-GW-KAN Plasmid or HLA-E Echinodermata Gene Biosynthesis « De Novo » in E. Coli Sensu Lato Plasmid
Authors: Leclerc Michel
Published: February 2022

We have isolated recently MHC genes in Echinodermata [1] in 3 classes: The Ophuirids, the Crinoïds, the Asterids. At that time, we decided to synthetize one of these genes: The well-known HLA-E one in a PUC-GW-KAN plasmid (Yan Li gift).
Health Equality as Global Public Health Concern in the Current COVID-19 Pandemic Situation
Authors: Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: February 2022

When all members of society have a fair and equal opportunity to be as healthy as possible, this is known as health equality. Health equality can be achieved by focusing public health policies and services on the individual needs of communities. It is an important concern on global public health. The concern on this issue is also raised during the COVID-19 pandemic. The epidemic of COVID-19 has brought social and racial injustice and disparity to the foreground of public health. It has demonstrated that health equality is still a work in progress, as COVID-19 has disproportionately affected numerous racial and ethnic minority groups, putting them at greater risk of becoming ill and dying as a result of the virus. People of different skin color from a wide range of backgrounds and experiences are included in the term "racial and ethnic minority groups. Many persons in these groups have had negative experiences, and some social determinants of health have long been overlooked.
The Growth of Cloud droplets by Coalescence
Authors: Das P.K.
Published: February 2022

An attempt is made to obtain an estimate of the percentage of small droplets swept out of the path of a large drop. The method followed is along the lines of a similar treatment by G. I. Taylor and developed by Glaucrt for droplets approaching a cylinder and an aerofoil. Similar computations were also made by langmuir and Blodgett in U. S. A: using a differential analyser ; but neglecting the discrete sizes of small droplets. This has been taken into account in the present work.

Sets or trajectories are drawn for droplets approaching a sphere having the dimensions of a large cloud drop. Using these trajectories new values of the percentage catch have been computed in a number of cases.
snap-shot of organisational provisions for Maori children and youth with special needs
Authors: Bevan-Brown Jill
Published: February 2022

This article presents the findings of a survey to gather information about the scope, prevalence and effectiveness of programmes and services for Maori children and youth with special needs. Analysis of relevant organisational documentation including a postal survey completed by 78people from 56 different special educational, Maori, support and disability organisations, and 25 follow-up interviews, revealed that a wide range of services and programmes were being offered by organisations throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand. Out of the organisations surveyed fifty-eight percent were providing programmes and services especially developed or adapted for Maori, and forty-one percent had a person with particular responsibility for or expertise in this area. Common components of effective programmes and services were: the incorporation of cultural content; the involvement of parents, whanau, the Maori community, Maori organisations and Maori workers; and ready accessibility. Respondents described 56 different effective strategies and 39 challenges to providing for Maori children and youth with special needs. The five major barriers identified were: insufficient funding; lack of culturally appropriate resources and people with cultural and professional expertise; a shortage of culturally appropriate, relevant training; Pakeha-centric attitudes towards special needs provisions; and high-stress levels of Maori staff working in the special needs domain.
critical look at the prompts New Zealand Teachers use in teaching reading.
Authors: Coogan Margaret
Published: February 2022

Research suggests New Zealand has the biggest gap between its highest and lowest achievers, and this is known as the “long tail”. The debate over whole language and phonics approachesto reading is unfinished, but must now focus on where the point of difference lies. While reading involves a range of skills, teachers need to model the prompts that relate to word-levelknowledge as a primary strategy and context cues as a secondary strategy. This involves attention to the rightful place of phonics. I will draw from research and my anecdotalevidence as a Resource Teacher of Learning and Behaviour (RTLB). I aim to question the prompts typically heard in classrooms and stress the need for sequential teaching,especially for beginning readers. Attention to “context” over the “word” is reflected not only in learning but ongoing behaviour difficulties.
Prevention through parent training: Making more of a difference
Authors: Stanley Peter , Stanley Lesley
Published: February 2022

Responding to serious behaviour problems requires new practice answers and emphases. Best practice principles and a developmental perspective indicate that the family should be the focus of preventative work. The Incredible Years parent training series is described as an important example of an empirically-supported programme that is presently being used in Tauranga and elsewhere in New Zealand. Impediments to prevention efforts are discussed and arguments are made regarding the relevance and significance of preventative strategies.
Ministry of Education, industry and community partnership strategy.
Authors: Surtherland Alison
Published: February 2022

An education, industry and community partnership can provide an effective intervention for secondary school age students who are alienated from the education system and are exhibiting challenging, problematic behaviours. This article outlines a Ministry of Education/SpecialEducation (MOE/SE), industry and community partnership that addresses the concerns of having students outside the school community during the school day. Case studies provide two examples of collaborative partnership in action.
Stability in Direct Lateral vs Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Context of Lumbar Spinal Fusion
Authors: Goyal Dhruv K. C. , Divi Srikanth N. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Hozack William J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Lumbar spinal fusion (LSF) may increase the risk of dislocation in patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty (THA), especially when the LSF was done before the THA. Most publications evaluated patients who had undergone THA using a posterior approach to the hip, yet there are little data on the influence of other surgical approaches. The goal of this study was to evaluate the risk of THA dislocation with anterior supine-based surgical approaches to the hip in patients who have undergone surgical management of concurrent hip and spine pathology.

Methods:

Patients older than 18 years who underwent an LSF and THA using a supine approach—either direct anterior (DA) or direct lateral (DL)—between 2000 and 2018 were identified. Only standard bearings (28-32-36-40 mm) were used. The dislocation rate was determined in this cohort. A subsequent analysis was conducted, stratifying patients based on the order in which they received the LSF or THA.

Results:

A total of 582 surgical hip-spine patients were retrospectively identified and included in the cohort. Of total, 332 patients (57.0%) received an LSF before the THA; 250 (43.0%) had the fusion after a primary hip replacement. There were 143 patients (24.6%) in the DA group and 439 (75.4%) in the DL group. Overall, there were five dislocations (0.9%) in the entire cohort.

Conclusions:

In patients with simultaneous degenerative hip and lumbar spine pathology, anterior supine-based approaches demonstrate a low (<1%) risk of instability. Given the small number of total dislocation events (n = 5), additional analysis is warranted to assess the effect of different anterior approaches (DA versus DL) or timing of lumbar spinal surgery (before or after THA).

Level of Evidence:

Level III
Kolesterol HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DENGAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL PADA MAHASISWA INSTITUT KESEHATAN RAJAWALI
Authors: Ulfah Ulyati
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang : Indeks massa tubuh atau IMT merupakan suatu pengukuran sederhana untuk mengetahui status gizi seseorang, terdapat beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingginya IMT yaitu kurangnya aktivitas fisik yang mengarah pada pola hidup sedentaris. Kolesterol merupakan salah satu komponen lemak atau lipid, kadar kolesterol dapat meningkat jumlahnya karena asupan makan yang berasal dari lemak hewani, telur dan junk food.

Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui hubungan IMT dengan kadar kolesterol total pada mahasiswa Institut Kesehatan Rajawali.

Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan analitik kolerasional dengan studi cross-sectional, teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling, dengan menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk dan uji kolerasi pearson.

Hasil Penelitian : Hasil analisis menggunakan uji statistik Kolerasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa tingginya IMT tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kadar kolesterol. Salah satunya disebabkan oleh kelainan lipoprotein dan faktor herediter. Nilai Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,783 > 0,05, maka hubungan antara variabel tersebut dapat dikatakan tidak signifikan atau dapat diartikan H0 diterima.

Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar kolesterol pada mahasiswa Institut Kesehatan Rajawali.
Toksikologi PERBEDAAN KADAR CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN (COHb) DALAM DARAH PADA PETUGAS PARKIR DI AREA TERBUKA DAN TERTUTUP DI KOTA PURWOKERTO
Authors: Hayati Shaniz Fajri
Published: February 2022

Pencemaran akibat buangan asap kendaraan bermotor sangat memengaruhi kualitas udara, sekitar 85% pencemaran udara dihasilkan dari kendaraan bermotor