bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity comparison of free-space and waveguide Raman for bulk sensing
Authors: Michon Jérôme , Kita Derek , Hu Juejun
Published: May 2020

The sensitivity advantage of waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) over free-space Raman, measured by the signal-to-noise ratio, is well established for thin molecular layer sensing, which traditionally relies on confocal Raman setups. However, for bulk liquid or gas samples, WERS must be benchmarked against nonconfocal Raman configurations. We use ray tracing to calculate the power collection efficiency of several model free-space systems, such as microscopes and probes, encompassing both single-objective and dual-lens systems. It is shown that considering only the focal volume of the source beam or the confocal volume of the microscope significantly underestimates the collected power from free-space Raman systems. We show that waveguide-based systems can still outperform high signal collection free-space systems in terms of both the signal collection efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio.
Kerr-nonlinearity enhanced conventional photon blockade in a second-order nonlinear system
Authors: Lin Hongyu , Wang Xiaoqian , Yao Zhihai , Zou Dandan
Published: May 2020

The conventional photon blockade (CPB) for high-frequency mode is investigated in a second-order nonlinear system with Kerr nonlinearity. By solving the master equation and calculating the zero-delay-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0), we obtain that strong photon antibunching can be achieved in this scheme. The optimal condition for strong antibunching is also calculated analytically and discussed in detail. We find that the Kerr nonlinearity can largely enhance the CPB effect in the high-frequency mode, and this scheme is not sensitive to the reservoir temperature. In addition, when compared with the linear coupled system, the system has obvious advantages in CPB implementation.
Nuclear magnetic field measurement of the spin-exchange optically pumped noble gas in a self-compensated atomic comagnetometer
Authors: Lu Yan , Zhai Yueyang , Fan Wenfeng , Zhang Yong , Xing Li , Jiang Liwei , Quan Wei
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate a new method to determine the nuclear magnetic field of the spin-exchange optically pumped noble gas in a self-compensated atomic comagnetometer based on the steady-state AC response. The result shows that it has higher resolution and precision than a previous method based on the transient process. Furthermore, a convergence frequency is observed in the low-frequency region and its parameter dependence is studied simulatively, which may inspire further research into its relationship with the strong suppression mechanism of the self-compensation ability for the low-frequency magnetic field. We also prove that this method can be developed for suppression of residual main magnetic field to improve the systematic stability of the comagnetometer.
Orbital angular momentum generation in a dual-ring fiber based on the phase-shifted coupling mechanism and the interference of supermodes
Authors: Huang Wei , Xiong Yue , Qin Haibo , Liu Yan-ge , Song Binbin , Chen Shengyong
Published: May 2020

Based on the phased-shifted interference between supermodes, a novel method that can directly convert LP01 mode to orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode in a dual-ring microstructure optical fiber is proposed. In this fiber, the resonance between even and odd HE11 modes in inner ring and higher order mode in outer ring will form two pairs of supermodes, and the intensities and phases of the complete superposition mode fields for the involved supermodes created by the resonance at different wavelengths and propagating lengths are investigated and exhibited in this paper. We demonstrate that OAM mode can be generated from π/2-phase-shifted linear combinations of supermodes, and the phase difference of the even and odd higher order eigenmodes can accumulate to π/2 during the coupling process, which is defined as “phase-shifted” conversion. We build a complete theoretical model and systematically analyze the phase-shifted coupling mechanism, and the design principle and optimization method of this fiber are also illustrated in detail. The proposed microstructure fiber is compact, and the OAM mode conversion method is simple and flexible, which could provide a new approach to generate OAM states.
Passively Q-switched Tm:CaLu0.1Gd0.9AlO4 laser at 2 µm with hematite nanosheets as the saturable absorber
Authors: Chu Hongwei , Pan Zhongben , Wang Xiao , Zhao Shengzhi , Li Guiqiu , Cai Huaqiang , Li Dechun
Published: May 2020

We report the first passive Q-switching operation at 1.95 µm utilizing the disordered Tm:CaLu0.1Gd0.9AlO4 (Tm:CLGA) crystal and the hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanosheets as the saturable absorber. The nonlinear saturable absorption properties of the hematite nanosheets were investigated by the conventional Z-scan technology. The modulation depth of 14.3% with the low saturation intensity of 205 kW/cm2 was obtained, indicating that the hematite could be a suitable saturable absorber for the mid-infrared pulse generation. Using the disordered Tm:CLGA crystal as the gain medium, the passive Q-switching operation could be realized with the hematite nanosheets as the saturable absorber, producing the shortest pulse duration of 402 ns with a repetition rate of 76 kHz. The experimental results convinced us that the hematite nanosheets could be of great interest in the optical pulse generation in the mid-infrared region.
Polarization-independent one-dimensional grating coupler design on hybrid silicon/LNOI platform
Authors: Ma Xinyu , Zhuang Chijie , Zeng Rong , Coleman James J. , Zhou Weidong
Published: May 2020

We report here on one-dimensional (1D) grating couplers based on hybrid silicon/LNOI platform for polarization-independent and high-efficient single-polarization coupling efficiencies. A low index oxide buffer layer was introduced in between the top silicon high index grating coupler and bottom LNOI waveguide. With optimal design of the buffer layer thicknesses, modal and index matches can be tuned for either single polarization or both TE/TM polarization coupling applications. Over 70% coupling efficiency can be achieved for single polarization based on the basic uniform 1D grating coupler design without any bottom reflectors incorporated. Polarization independent coupling efficiency of 51% was also achieved. The spectral bandwidth is over 50 nm with polarization dependent loss of 0.1 dB. The proposed structure is simple to fabricate. Detailed modal and loss analysis suggest different dominant loss mechanisms in the proposed hybrid structure, where the introduction of the bottom mirror may not result in significant improvement in coupling efficiency, as the dominant loss mechanism arises from the top reflection loss.
Sub-wavelength grating-assisted polarization splitter-rotators for silicon-on-insulator platforms: erratum
Authors: Ma Minglei , Park Anthony H. K. , Wang Yun , Shoman Hossam , Zhang Fan , Jaeger Nicolas A. F. , Chrostowski Lukas
Published: May 2020

An erratum is presented to correct the caption of Fig. 1 and the citation number in Fig. 7(d) in the original article [Opt. Express 27, 17581 (2019)10.1364/OE.27.017581].
Distributed time delay sensing in a random fiber grating array based on chirped pulse φ-OTDR
Authors: Wang Yuan , Lu Ping , Mihailov Stephen , Chen Liang , Bao Xiaoyi
Published: May 2020

A high-precision distributed time delay measurement in a chirped pulse phase optical time domain reflectometry (CP

φ

-OTDR) system based on a random fiber grating array is proposed and demonstrated, in which a temperature-induced refractive index and fiber dimension change associated time delay could be measured for distributed temperature sensing. The random fiber grating array includes many inscribed refractive index change locations at periods of sub-micron. When laser pulses are launched into the fiber grating, the backscattered light possesses many unique localized speckle patterns at different locations. These patterns change with temperature, and hence the backscattering spectral response will change accordingly. By measuring the localized speckle pattern change due to the change of the temperature over the chirped pulse spectrum and performing cross-correlation calculation, we can realize distributed temperature measurements in real time using a megahertz bandwidth distributed feedback laser. Unlike a conventional

φ

-OTDR sensing system which measures a distributed phase change along the fiber using an ultra-narrow linewidth laser, the distributed time delay presented in this Letter is directly measured in real time. It is shown that the time-resolved localized pattern trace is stable with very small fluctuation, thanks to the enhanced inhomogeneity and reflectivity. The minimum detectable temperature variation is about 0.028°C at meter order of magnitude spatial resolution.
Diffractive optical elements in single crystal diamond
Authors: Wildi Thibault , Kiss Marcell , Quack Niels
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of near-field binary phase transmission diffractive optical elements (DOEs) in single crystal diamond. Top-hat and arbitrary pattern DOE beam shapers were numerically optimized using an iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA). Commercially available single crystal diamond plates (

3

m
m

×

3

m
m

×

0.3

m
m

) were patterned using hardmask deposition (

α

-Si), e-beam lithography, and

O

2

plasma-based diamond reactive ion etching. The resulting binary phase relief patterns were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Experimental characterization of the single crystal diamond DOEs in transmission at

λ
=
532

n
m

confirms excellent uniformity of the resulting top-hat beam profile as required in copper welding applications.
Indium iodide single crystal: breakthrough material for infrared acousto-optics
Authors: Porokhovnichenko Dmitriy L. , Dyakonov Evgeniy A. , Kuznetsov Sergey V. , Voronov Valerii V. , Fedorov Pavel P. , Zaramenskikh Kseniya S. , Gasanov Ahmed A. , Zhukova Liya V. , Korsakov Alexandr S. , Salimgareev Dmitrii D.
Published: May 2020

Measurements of the refractive indices and the full set of longitudinal acousto-optical figures of merit in an orthorhombic single-crystal indium iodide (InI) were carried out. The high acousto-optic characteristics (

M

2

up to

1100
×

10

−
15

s

3

k
g

−
1

) and strong optical anisotropy (

Δ

n

=
0.47

) make it possible to design various types of high-performance acousto-optic devices of the middle and far-infrared spectral range. In combination with a wide transparency range (

0.62
−
51

µ
m

), the obtained characteristics make the crystal extremely promising in comparison with most existing analogs.
Combining nonlinear Fourier transform and neural network-based processing in optical communications
Authors: Kotlyar Oleksandr , Pankratova Maryna , Kamalian-Kopae Morteza , Vasylchenkova Anastasiia , Prilepsky Jaroslaw E. , Turitsyn Sergei K.
Published: May 2020

We propose a method to improve the performance of the nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT)-based optical transmission system by applying the neural network post-processing of the nonlinear spectrum at the receiver. We demonstrate through numerical modeling about one order of magnitude bit error rate improvement and compare this method with machine learning processing based on the classification of the received symbols. The proposed approach also offers a way to improve numerical accuracy of the inverse NFT; therefore, it can find a range of applications beyond optical communications.
Non-contact reflection-mode optical absorption spectroscopy using photoacoustic remote sensing
Authors: Bell Kevan , Haji Reza Parsin
Published: May 2020

A method of remote optical absorption spectroscopy is described that
utilizes the photoacoustic remote sensing detection technique. A
nanosecond tunable excitation source is used to excite thermo-elastic
pressure-induced elasto-optic modulations within targets across a wide
wavelength range from 210 to 680 nm, providing optical absorption
contrast. These modulations are read remotely as back-reflected
intensity variations within a continuous-wave 1310 nm detection beam.
The absorption spectra of several samples including dyes and
biological macromolecules are captured with an 8 mm working distance
in reflection-mode without the use of containment chambers or acoustic
detection. This represents an initial investigation into the
characteristics of this technique, which may facilitate optical
absorption measurement within previously inaccessible sample types due
to their size or opacity.
Universal form of arrays with spectral singularities
Authors: Zezyulin Dmitry A. , Konotop Vladimir V.
Published: May 2020

An array of non-Hermitian optical waveguides can operate as a laser or as a coherent perfect absorber, which corresponds to a spectral singularity of the underlying discrete complex potential. We show that all lattice potentials with spectral singularities are characterized by the universal form of the gain-and-loss distribution. Using this result, we systematically construct potentials characterized by several spectral singularities at arbitrary wavelengths, as well as potentials with second-order spectral singularities in their spectra. Higher-order spectral singularities demonstrate a greatly enhanced response to incident beams, resulting in the excitation of high-intensity lasing modes.
Absorptive loss and band non-parabolicity as a physical origin of large nonlinearity in epsilon-near-zero materials
Authors: Secondo Ray , Khurgin Jacob , Kinsey Nathaniel
Published: May 2020

For decades, nonlinear optics has been used to control the frequency and propagation of light in unique ways enabling a wide range of applications such as ultrafast lasing, sub-wavelength imaging, and novel sensing methods. Through this, a key thread of research in the field has always been the development of new and improved nonlinear materials to empower these applications. Recently, epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials have emerged as a potential platform to enhanced nonlinear interactions, bolstered in large part due to the extreme refractive index tuning (Δn∼ 0.1 - 1) of sub-micron thick films that has been demonstrated in literature. Despite this experimental success, the theory has lagged and is needed to guide future experimental efforts. Here, we construct a theoretical framework for the intensity-dependent refractive index of the most popular ENZ materials, heavily doped semiconductors. We demonstrate that the nonlinearity when excited below bandgap, is due to the modification of the effective mass of the electron sea which produces a shift in the plasma frequency. We discuss trends and trade-offs in the optimization of excitation conditions and material choice (such material loss, band structure, and index dispersion), and provide a figure of merit through which the performance of future materials may be evaluated. By illuminating the framework of the nonlinearity, we hope to propel future applications in this growing field.
ArF laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy of the Capecitabine chemodrug
Authors: Jahdi Sahar Abdollahi , Parvin Parviz , Seyedi Solaleh , Jelvani Saeid
Published: May 2020

Simultaneous diagnosis and treatment during chemotherapy is an attractive topic in nano-oncology. Here, Capecitabine, as a well-known chemodrug, demonstrates notable fluorescence properties according to laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. Capecitabine is vastly used for breast and colon cancer therapy, while its excitation wavelength lies over UV region (180-350 nm). ArF laser with an excitation wavelength at 193 nm is exploited to stimulate the fluorophore molecules. As a biocompatible fluorophore, Capecitabine reveals predominant fluorescence characteristics for simultaneous diagnosis during chemotherapeutic treatment. The laser energy and repetition rate affect on the spectral properties of Capecitabine have been studied in this work to find out the optimal exposure condition. Moreover, the spectral shifts in terms of fluorophore concentrations are obtained for the purpose of fluorescence imaging. Here, lucid red shift in terms of chemodrug concentration and the red shift in various GO densities at certain Capecitabine concentrations are reported. Spectral red shift of Capecitabine directly addresses the concentration distribution and penetration depth of the chemodrug. As a consequence, LIF spectroscopy of Capecitabine is beneficial for fluorescence imaging and confocal mapping of cancerous tissues during simultaneous diagnosis/imaging and treatment. Similarly, LIF of RdB as a reference fluorophore is carried out to compare its fluorescence properties with those parameters in the chemodrugs of interest.
Adaptive glasses-free 3D display with extended continuous viewing volume by dynamically configured directional backlight
Authors: Li Xiaoke , Ding Juan , Zhang Hantao , Chen Mingjun , Liang Weitang , Wang Shuying , Fan Hang , Li Kunyang , Zhou Jianying
Published: May 2020

It is highly challenging for the available glasses-free 3D display to simultaneously possess the advantages of viewing freedom, homogeneous illuminance, high resolution and low crosstalk. This work proposes and demonstrates a directional backlight autostereoscopic display having these advantages with a substantially extended viewing volume and densely packed viewpoints. Low crosstalk and homogeneous illuminance are obtained using dynamically configured directional backlight, realized by a novel system design, in conjunction with viewer’s eye tracking and subsequent backlight control scenario. The autostereoscopy allows the viewers to move around continuously, while the illuminance homogeneity on the screen, high panel resolution and low crosstalk between the left and right eyes are realized, providing high-quality glasses-free 3D display with satisfying viewing experience.
Broadband subdiffraction imaging in highly anisotropic metamaterials using ultra-short super-Gaussian pulse
Authors: Binte Shawkat Mosst Tasnim , Habib Md. Samiul , Abdur Razzak S. M.
Published: May 2020

Metamaterials with large axial anisotropy posses a nearly flat dispersion profile in k (wave vector) space and thus offer an effective solution to overcome the diffraction limit by supporting the propagating high - k extraordinary modes. However, existing analytical models reveal that resonant high - k slab modes and the polarization dependent ordinary waves cause image distortion in metamaterial slabs. In this paper, we consider a two-dimensional (2D), local, highly anisotropic metamaterial slab as an imaging device and apply a standard transfer matrix approach to calculate the transmission properties of the slab at terahertz (THz) frequencies. Our simple analytical model reveals that resonances induced by the reflections are the main source of deteriorating the image quality, thus requires effective post-processing methods to remove them. For that, we apply an ultra-short super-Gaussian windowing function to minimize the resonant behavior of the metamaterial slabs, observing good imaging over the frequency band of interest. Our numerical method offers a pathway to mitigate observed image artefacts, and are applicable to a range of highly anisotropic metamaterial slabs, e.g., wire metamaterials, layered metamaterials and magnifying hyperlenses. Finally, finite element based software is used to model the 2D metamaterial slab to verify the analytical models.
SERASO ADO DI KAMPUANG: Studi Etnografi Persaudaraan Perantau Minang di Rumah Makan Padang di Yogyakarta
Authors: Darmawan Arif Budi , Hakim Azinuddin Ikram
Published: May 2020

The Minang tribe is one of the tribes in Indonesia who have ‘migrated customs’ (merantau). The word 'merantau' itself is a manifestation of leaving the original territory and occupying new territory. For Minangnese migrants in Yogyakarta, Rumah Makan Padang (Padang Restaurant) not only a place to eat but also it has function a warm place among Minangnese. In using ethnographic approach, this research  try to explain how the interaction among Minangnese in Rumah Makan Padang. The finding shows, first: This fraternal interaction only emerge in Rumah Makan Padang owned by Minangnese. This fraternal interaction sucas having conversation with Minang Language and telling stories about their hometown. Second, Rumah Makan Padang is a place to remedy the taste of Minang Food.Suku Minang merupakan salah satu suku di Indonesia yang  memiliki adat merantau. Kata ‘merantau’ sendiri merupakan bentuk manifestasi dari meninggalkan teritorial asal dan menempati teritorial baru. Secara khusus dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi penelitian ini berupaya untuk menjelaskan bagaimana persaudaraan antar perantau Minang terjadi di rumah makan padang. Temuan menunjukkan, Pertama,  interaksi persaudaraan terjadi berupa saling mengobrol dengan menggunakan Bahasa Minang dan bercerita perihal kampung halaman. Kelekatan persaudaraan ini membuat perantau Minang merasa sedang makan di kampung halaman sendiri. Kedua, bagi perantau Minang, Rumah Makan Padang merupakan pengobat rindu tentang makanan di kampung halaman.
KOTA YANG SELALU BERDINAMIKA
Authors: Prabawa Nur Hadi
Published: May 2020

Artikel ini merupakan resensi dari kumpulan jurnal yang di muat di dalam buku berjudul Bunga Rampai Sosiologi Perkotaan. Buku ini merupakan salah satu terobosan baru di bidang kajian sosiologi perkotaan yang mengkombinasikan hasil penelitian baik dari dosen maupun mahasiswa. Buku ini juga merupakan kerjasama dari Prodi Sosiologi UIN Sunan Kalijaga dengan Prodi Sosiologi Universitas Trunojoyo. Selain itu pula, buku ini terlaksana berkat kedatatang Prof. Gottfried Zantke dari Bremen University Jerman yang merupakan seorang senior expert dalam kajian arsitektur dab tata kota.Keyword : Resensi, Buku, Sosiologi Perkotaan
Powerful learning tool or ‘cool factor’? Instructors’ perceptions of using film and video within teaching and learning
Authors: Marquis Elizabeth , Wojcik Cassia , Lin Effie , McKinnon Victoria
Published: May 2020

This study builds upon previous research that explores the use of film and video in a pedagogical context by explicitly asking instructors about their attitudes towards and motivations for employing such texts in their teaching, as well as the challenges they face in the process. Data were gathered through an anonymous, online survey of instructors across disciplines at seven Ontario universities. Commonalities were found amongst participants in the purposes cited for using film and video as well as in the challenges that accompany use of this pedagogical tool. For example, instructors in four of our six Faculty groupings commonly noted drawing on film and video to engage student attention, and the two most frequently selected challenges in five of our six Faculty groupings were ‘technical difficulties screening films’ and ‘problems finding appropriate materials’. We consider the implications of these findings for teaching and learning and suggest areas for future research.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF PROCESSING TURBINE ENGINE PARTS THROUGH THE USE OF ELBOROVYH GRINDING WHEELS IN ELECTROPLATED BOND
Authors: Bezjazychnyi V. F. , Golovanov D. S. , Coiro V. M.
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the modern method of high-performance processing of grooves of small width on the details of turbine engine. The sequence of the machining of difficult to machine elements surfaces on modern multi-axis equipment using elborovyh grinding wheels in electroplated bond complex geometric shapes. Given the benefits of the treatment grinding wheels in electroplated bond, compared with the traditional method of processing the same parts of the blade means.
PROCESSES AND DEVICES FOR PRESSING OF GRAPHITOPLAST BLANKS FOR ELECTRIC BRUSHES REINFORCED AND NOT REINFORCED WITH CURRENT-CONDUCTING WIRES
Authors: Samodurova M. N. , Barkov L. A. , Latfulina Yu. S.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to processes and equipment for the production of non-reinforced brushes and reinforced with a contact wire. The shortcomings of the block molding technology of brushes are shown: high labor intensity of the process, low productivity, long duration of operations in the manufacture of brushes, high demand for various devices and equipment for machining, including diamond equipment, and a laborious and inefficient operation for providing brushes with current leads. Finished products receive insufficient density and reduced physical and mechanical properties. As a solution to these problems, the improved patented methods for the manufacture of brushes for electric machines, the device for their pressing, developed by the scientists of SUSU are given, and the phenomena that occur in the implementation of these methods are described.
Effects of new social movements on different countries: Cases from Tunusia, Egypt, Turkiye and France
Authors: Çapar Selim , Koca Mehmet
Published: May 2020

Social movements, that have been conceptualized as new with serious transformations in their content and implementation since the 1960s, which have the potential to influence current political/social debates or decisions, has entered social life in a way that no one can easily ignore in terms of their effects. The increasing visibility and impact of social movements, especially since the 2000s, differ significantly depending on whether countries have established democracy or not. The social movements that are widespread throughout the country do not cause a radical change in the country's administration in countries with a built-in democracy culture and consciousness, like Turkey and France, through the examples of countries studied in this work. Because in these countries, there is a system in which demands could be reflected through democratic elections. On the other hand, in countries where democracy culture is not fully established, like Egypt and Tunisia, social movements are thought to have a high capacity to cause radical changes in the administration with the influence of different actors. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet Güncel politik/toplumsal tartışmalara ya da kararlara yön vererek onları etkileme potansiyeline sahip olan ve 1960’lı yıllardan itibaren içeriğindeki ve uygulanış şeklindeki ciddi dönüşümler ile yeni olarak kavramsallaştırılan toplumsal hareketler etkileri itibariyle artık kimsenin kolayca göz ardı edemeyeceği bir şekilde toplumsal hayata girmiştir. Özellikle 2000’li yıllardan itibaren toplumsal hareketlerin artan görünürlüğü ve etkisi ise sonuçları itibariyle ülkelerin yerleşik bir demokrasiye sahip olup olmamasına göre önemli derecede farklılık arz etmektedir. Ülke genelinde yaygınlaşan toplumsal hareketler, bu çalışmada incelenen ülke örnekleri üzerinden yerleşik bir demokrasi kültürüne ve bilincine sahip olan ülkelerde –Türkiye ve Fransa gibi- ülke yönetiminde köklü bir değişikliğe sebep olmamaktadır. Çünkü bu ülkelerde demokratik seçimler yoluyla taleplerin yansıyacağı bir sistem bulunmaktadır. Öte yandan, demokrasi kültürü tam olarak yerleşmemiş ülkelerde –Mısır ve Tunus gibi- toplumsal hareketlerin farklı aktörlerin de etkisiyle yönetimde köklü değişikliklere yol açma kapasitesinin yüksek olduğu düşünülmektedir.
KANDUNGAN SERAT, LEMAK, SIFAT FISIK, DAN TINGKAT PENERIMAAN ES KRIM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI JENIS BEKATUL BERAS DAN KETAN
Authors: Puspitarini Riza , Rahayuni Arintina
Published: May 2020

Background: Fiber intake provides many health benefits including reduced risk for coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and certain gastrointestinal disease. One of the foods that have high fiber content is rice bran. The addition of rice bran in ice cream to enrich the fiber content of ice cream, so that the ice cream is produced has more complete nutritional value. White rice, red rice, white glutinous rice, and black glutinous rice are well known by Indonesian people. Therefore, it is necessary to study about fiber and fat content of ice cream with the addition of white, red, white glutinous, and black glutinous rice bran. Objective: Analyze the difference of fiber content, fat content, physical properties (overrun and melting rate), and level of acceptance by the addition different types of rice and glutinous rice bran in ice cream. Methods: Experimental study completely randomized design with single factor. Rice bran varieties used were white, red, white glutinous, and black glutinous rice bran with addition of 10% rice bran. The analyzes are crude fiber content, fat content, physical properties, and level of acceptance of ice cream with the addition of rice and glutinous rice bran varieties. Data described the physical properties of ice cream by calculating the average overrun and melting rate. Statistical analysis of the fiber content using one way ANOVA, while the fat content using Kruskal-wallis. The level of acceptance analyzed by Friedman test followed Wilcoxon test. Results: The addition of different types of rice and glutinous rice bran statistically no effect on fiber and fat content of ice cream. The highest overrun is in the ice cream without the addition of rice bran. The lastest melting rate is in the of ice cream with the addition  white rice and white glutinous rice bran. The addition of different types of rice and glutinous rice bran decrease level of acceptance includes the color, flavor, texture, and flavor of ice cream. Conclusions: The highest fiber content is in the ice cream with the addition of black glutinous rice bran. The lowest fat content is in the ice cream with the addition of white rice bran. Recommended ice cream is ice cream with the addition of white glutinous rice bran.
PERBEDAAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA SERUM TIKUS SRAGUE DAWLEY PADA PEMBERIAN KOPI ROBUSTA FILTER DAN TANPA FILTER
Authors: Wahyani Anggray Duvita , Kartini Apoina
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Dyslipidemia is a disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by (increasing or decreasing) lipid fraction disorders in blood plasma, such as triglyceride. Coffee is known as a bad effect coming from cafestol which can elevate triglyceride level on blood, nevertheless, it has positive effect coming from cafein which can decrease triglyseride level on blood.Method: true-experimental with pre-post randomized control groups design was conducted in this study. Subjects were 8 week-old and male Sprague Dawley rats which are given of filter and nonfilter robusta coffee’s  solution for 4 weeks. Serum-triglyceride levels are determined with GPO-PAP method. Normality data was examined by Shapiro Wilks. Data was analyzed with paired t-test and one way ANOVA.Result: This study showed the averages of pre triglycerides level in coffee filter are 99,67 mg/dl and post triglycerides level are 94,78 mg/dl (p=0,760). The averages of pre triglycerides level in unfilter coffee are 95,11 mg/dl and post triglycerides level are 91,33 mg/dl (p=0,693). Change averages of pre and post test in filtered coffee -4,89 mg/dl and unfiltered coffee -3,78 mg/dl (p=0,329).Conslusion: There were no differences in changes of triglyceride levels in the provision of robusta coffee filter and without filter Keywords: filter coffee, nonfilter coffee, trygliseride level, sprague dawley rats
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PEMULIHAN (PMT-P) TERHADAP STATUS GIZI BALITA GIZI BURUK DI DINAS KESEHATAN KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2012
Authors: Fitriyanti Farida , Mulyati Tatik
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTBackground : Severe malnutrition is often happened in children under five. It is the most serious stage from process of malnutrition, especially energy and protein. Those do not appropriate with requirement and happen for a long time. Malnutrition is showed by weight and height where those  have linear relation. And those are showed with z-score value by weight-for-height and weight-for-age. An effort to overcome malnutrition is Supplementary Feeding Program of Recovery (PMT-P) where its nutritional value has been measured. So that requirement can be achieved.Method : This study was included on community nutrition with observational research and cohort approach. Subjects were 22 malnourished children under five including on inclusion criteria in Department of Health in Semarang during 60 days (2months). PMT-P was given on formula and biscuit form. It has nutritional value which can contribute 70% of energy requirement and 80% of protein requirement in one day.Result : There was different nutritional status before and after gving PMT-P based on weight-for-height and weight-for-age with p=0.000 and p=0.002. Difference of nutritional status based on weight-for-height happening after PMT-P was from 100% of very thin to 18.2% normal; 40.9% thin; and 40.9% very thin. Whereas it based on weight-for-age was from 86.4% severe malnutrition to 40.9% mild malnutrition. PMT-P also gived contribution of energy of 54.60±15.42% and protein of 79.17±37.75% from daily need.Conclusion : PMT-P for 2 months gives effect for changing of nutritional status based on weight-for-height and weight-for-age of malnourished children under five. It gives contribution of energy of 54.60±15.42% and protein of 79.17±37.75%.Keywords : PMT-Pecovery, severe malnutrition, formula WHO F100
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU IBU BURUH PABRIK TENTANG KADARZI (KELUARGA SADAR GIZI) DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK BALITA (STUDI DI KELURAHAN PAGERSARI, UNGARAN)
Authors: Octaviani Irma Aryati , Margawati Ani
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Kekurangan gizi menjadi salah satu penyebab kesakitan dan kematian pada anak-anak usia dibawah lima tahun. Ibu yang bekerja sebagai buruh pabrik mempunyai waktu bekerja lebih lama, sehingga berhubungan dengan waktu yang dimiliki ibu untuk menyediakan makanan yang bergizi bagi keluarganya. Upaya yang diharapkan berdampak pada perbaikan status gizi adalah meningkatkan mutu konsumsi makanan melalui program Kadarzi. Rendahnya pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu terhadap gizi merupakan faktor yang  berpengaruh pada pencapaian program Kadarzi. Oleh karena itu, upaya pencegahan terjadinya gizi kurang dapat melalui peningkatan pengetahuan  gizi dan kesadaran ibu akan pentingnya perilaku Kadarzi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu buruh pabrik tentang Kadarzi dengan status gizi anak balita. Metode: Desain studi adalah cross sectional pada 39 anak balita usia 12-36 bulan dari ibu buruh pabrik di kelurahan Pagersari, Ungaran. Status gizi berdasarkan BB/TB dinilai dengan z-score. Pengetahuan dan perilaku Kadarzi diukur menggunakan kuesioner, pengukuran kadar yodium garam di laboratorium , asupan makanan dan konsumsi keanekaragaman makanan menggunakan recall 3x24 jam. Analisis menggunakan Rank Sparman, dan korelasi parsial Hasil: Sebanyak 15,4% balita termasuk kategori kurus. Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan Kadarzi dengan perilaku Kadarzi (r= 0,226, p=0,116). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang Kadarzi dengan status gizi anak balita (r=0,092, p=0,577). Terdapat hubungan antara perilaku Kadarzi dengan status gizi anak balita (r=0,444, p=0,005). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara perilaku Kadarzi dengan status gizi anak balita. Namun, tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan Kadarzi dengan status gizi anak balita.
FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 12-36 BULAN DI KECAMATAN PATI, KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Anugraheni Hana Sofia , Kartasurya Martha Irene
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang:. Tahun 2007, prevalensi stunting pada balita di kabupaten Pati adalah 42,2%. Stunting dapat berakibat pada penurunan produktivitas, peningkatan risiko penyakit degenaratif dan peningkatan kelahiran bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 12-36 bulan di Kecamatan Pati, Kabupaten Pati. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan  kasus kontrol pada 29 kasus (stunting) dan 29 kontrol (normal). Kriteria stunting ditentukan berdasarkan skor z indeks TB/U <-2 SD menurut WHO child growth standart. Data panjang badan lahir, berat badan lahir, usia kehamilan, lama ASI eksklusif, usia pengenalan MP-ASI dan skor pemberian MP-ASI usia 6-12 bulan diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstuktur. Analisis dilakukan dengan Pearson Chi-Square untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian stunting. Hasil: Pada kelompok stunting: 55,2% ayah bekerja sebagai  sebagai buruh pabrik, kuli dan petani serta 6,9% tidak bekerja. Ibu dengan pendidikan  tamat akademi/perguruan tinggi adalah sebanyak 17,24% pada kelompok normal dan 6,9% pada kelompok stunting. Penelitian ini menunjukkan, faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita 12-36 bulan adalah prematuritas (p=0,025; OR=10,67) dan panjang badan lahir rendah (p=0,000; OR=2,81). Berat badan lahir (p=0,112), lama pemberian ASI eksklusif (p=0,195), usia makan pertama (p=0,113) dan skor MP-ASI (p=1,000) bukan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada penelitian ini. Simpulan: Faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak usia 12-36 bulan di kecamatan Pati, kabupaten Pati adalah prematuritas dan panjang badan lahir rendah (pendek).
PERBEDAAN KARAKTERISTIK USIA, ASUPAN MAKANAN, AKTIVITAS FISIK, TINGKAT SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI PADA WANITA DEWASA DENGAN KELEBIHAN BERAT BADAN ANTARA DI DESA DAN KOTA
Authors: Saraswati Indira , Dieny Fillah Fithra
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : Kejadian obesitas mengalami pergeseran tidak hanya terjadi di perkotaan (18,7%), namun juga di pedesaan (12%). Adanya pergeseran demografi menyebabkan perbedaan karakteristik penyebab terjadinya obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik usia, asupan makanan, aktivitas fisik, tingkat sosial ekonomi dan pengetahuan gizi pada wanita dewasa dengan kelebihan berat badan antara di desa dan kota. Metode : Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan consecutive sampling. Jumlah sampel masing-masing kelompok 30 orang meliputi wanita dengan kelebihan berat badan dengan IMT >25,0 kg/m2. Data meliputi karakteristik subjek, asupan makanan, aktivitas fisik, tingkat sosial ekonomi dan pengetahuan gizi yang diperoleh dari kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan Independent t-Test dan Mann Whitney. Hasil : Prevalensi obesitas di kota lebih tinggi daripada di desa. Wanita dengan kelebihan berat badan di desa dan kota sebagian besar berusia 30–40 tahun, namun proporsinya lebih tinggi di desa dibandingkan di kota. Rerata asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein dan lemak di kota lebih tinggi dibandingkan di desa. Sedangkan rerata asupan serat di desa lebih tinggi dibandingkan di kota. Aktivitas fisik di desa lebih tinggi dibandingkan di kota. Pendapatan, pendidikan dan pengetahuan gizi di kota lebih tinggi dibandingkan di desa. Kesimpulan : Kejadian obesitas di kota lebih tinggi daripada di desa. Ditemukan perbedaan karakteristik pada wanita dengan kelebihan berat badan antara di desa dan kota meliptui  usia, asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, serat, aktivitas fisik, pendapatan, pendidikan dan pengetahuan gizi.
KANDUNGAN BETAKAROTEN, PROTEIN, KALSIUM, DAN UJI KESUKAAN CRACKERS DENGAN SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG UBI JALAR KUNING (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) DAN IKAN TERI NASI (STOLEPHORUS SP.) UNTUK ANAK KEP DAN KVA
Authors: Aisiyah Latifah Nur , Rustanti Ninik
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : Peningkatan konsumsi pangan tinggi protein dan betakaroten diharapkan dapat menanggulangi Kekurangan Energi Protein (KEP) dan Kekurangan Vitamin A (KVA) pada anak. Selain  itu,  peningkatan  konsumsi  pangan  tinggi  kalsium  dapat  membantu  proses  pertumbuhan anak. Tepung ubi jalar kuning merupakan bahan pangan tinggi betakaroten, sedangkan tepung ikan teri nasi merupakan bahan pangan tinggi protein dan kalsium. Crackers yang disubstitusi tepung ubi jalar kuning dan tepung ikan teri nasi diharapkan mampu menjadi pangan alternatif diet tinggi protein, betakaroten, dan kalsium. Tujuan  :  Menganalisis   pengaruh  substitusi  tepung  ubi  jalar  kuning  dan  tepung  ikan  teri  nasi terhadap kadar protein, betakaroten, kalsium, dan uji kesukaan crackers. Metode  :  Merupakan  penelitian  eksperimental  dengan  rancangan  acak  lengkap  dua  faktor  yaitu substitusi tepung ubi jalar kuning (5%, 10%, dan 15%) dan tepung ikan teri nasi (5% dan 10%). Analisis statistik dari kadar protein, betakaroten, dan kalsium menggunakan uji Anova Two Ways sedangkan uji kesukaan menggunakan uji Friedman dengan dilanjutkan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil : Kadar  protein  tertinggi pada crackers dengan  substitusi tepung ubi jalar  kuning 5% dan tepung ikan teri nasi 5% yaitu 10,25% per 100g. Kadar betakaroten tertinggi pada crackers dengan substitusi tepung ubi jalar  kuning 15% dan  tepung ikan  teri nasi 10% yaitu 142,67µg per  100g. Kadar kalsium tertinggi pada crackers dengan substitusi tepung ubi jalar kuning 15% dan tepung ikan teri nasi 10% yaitu 46,07mg per 100g. Substitusi tepung ubi jalar kuning dan tepung ikan teri nasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap aroma, rasa, dan warna, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tekstur crackers. Simpulan  :  Berdasarkan  nilai  gizi  dan  uji  kesukaan, crackers yang  direkomendasikan  adalah crackers dengan substitusi tepung ubi jalar kuning 15% dan tepung ikan teri nasi 10%.
DAYA HAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli dan UJI HEDONIK YOGHURT DENGAN SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG MOCAF
Authors: Wardani Hajar Surya , Rustanti Ninik
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : E. coli sebagai flora normal usus dapat bersifat patogen. Namun dapat dilakukan upaya pencegahan dengan cara menghambat pertumbuhan E.coli semakin beragam. Salah satu upaya pencegahan tersebut adalah dengan konsumsi produk yang mengandung bakteri asam laktat (BAL). Salah satu produk yang mengandung BAL adalah yoghurt. Fungsi BAL lebih efektif jika dikombinasikan dengan prebiotik. Pemilihan tepung Mocaf sebagai prebiotik karena pada saat diproduksi, bahan baku singkong melalui tahap fermentasi oleh bakteri asam laktat yang akan menghasilkan asam-asam organik yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh substitusi tepung Mocaf  sebagai prebiotik pada yoghurt terhadap uji hedonik dan daya hambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli.Metode : Merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor yaitu variasi substitusi tepung Mocaf pada yoghurt dengan 5 taraf perlakuan yaitu yoghurt tanpa substitusi tepung Mocaf sebagai kontrol dan yoghurt dengan substitusi tepung Mocaf 10%, 20%, 30% dan 40%. Analisis statistik dari daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli menggunakan uji Kruskal-wallis sedangkan uji kesukaan menggunakan uji Friedman dengan dilanjutkan uji Wilcoxon.Hasil : Diameter zona bening sebagai parameter daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri paling tinggi pada yoghurt dengan substitusi tepung Mocaf 40% yaitu 2,85 mm. Substitusi tepung Mocaf tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap aroma, tekstur, warna, dan rasa yoghurt.Simpulan : Yoghurt dengan substitusi tepung Mocaf 40% memiliki daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli paling tinggi. Kata kunci : Mocaf; daya hambat pertumbuhan; E.coli; uji hedonik; yoghurt
PERBEDAAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI, SIKAP DAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI PADA DEWASA AWAL (MAHASISWI LPP GRAHA WISATA DAN SASTRA INGGRIS UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG)
Authors: Anjani Rizki Putri , Kartini Apoina
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : Gizi pada dewasa awal lebih dibutuhkan untuk mencegah penyakit dan meningkatkan kesehatan. Perubahan yang terjadi pada masa ini salah satunya adalah perubahan komposisi tubuh dan kebutuhan energi. Dewasa awal terutama wanita mempunyai kepedulian yang lebih besar terhadap masalah penampilan fisik. Pengetahuan gizi membuat mereka lebih mengetahui tentang asupan zat gizi dan prakteknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan gizi, sikap dan asupan zat gizi pada dewasa awal.Metode : Studi cross sectional pada 50 mahasiswi di LPP Graha Wisata dan Sastra Inggris Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Sampel diambil secara simple random sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data identitas yang diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner, data berat badan dan tinggi badan diukur dengan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan, asupan energi, lemak, protein, cairan dan serat diukur dengan menggunakan formulir food recall selama tiga hari, pengetahuan gizi dan sikap diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan gizi dan sikap. Analisis data untuk asupan zat gizi dengan uji independent t-test dan untuk pengetahuan gizi dan sikap dengan uji mann whitney dengan bantuan SPSS 17.0 for windows.Hasil : Pengetahuan gizi dewasa awal termasuk kategori kurang. Asupan energi kategori defisit (48%). Asupan lemak kategori baik (40%). Asupan protein kategori defisit (70%). Asupan cairan kategori defisit (90%). Asupan serat kategori defisit (100%). Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan energi, lemak, protein, serat dan sikap (p=0,771; p=0,628; p=0,778; p=0,923; 0,344), tetapi ada perbedaan pengetahuan gizi dan asupan cairan pada kedua kelompok (p=0,048 dan p=0,000).Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan energi, lemak, protein, serat dan sikap, tetapi ada perbedaan pengetahuan gizi dan asupan cairan antara mahasiswi LPP Graha Wisata dan Sastra Inggris Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
KONTRIBUSI MP-ASI BISKUIT SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG GARUT, KEDELAI, DAN UBI JALAR KUNING TERHADAP KECUKUPAN PROTEIN, VITAMIN A, KALSIUM, DAN ZINK PADA BAYI
Authors: Aini Nurly Qurrota , Wirawani Yekti
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: MP-ASI biskuit bayi dengan substitusi tepung komposit garut, kedelai, dan ubi jalar kuning merupakan upaya perbaikan gizi masyarakat melalui pendekatan penganekaragaman pangan lokal. Dengan demikian dilakukan penelitian mengenai kontribusi MP-ASI biskuit substitusi pati garut, tepung kedelai, dan tepung ubi jalar kuning terhadap kecukupan protein, vitamin A, kalsium, dan zink pada bayi.Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh substitusi tepung garut, kedelai, dan ubi jalar kuning terhadap kandungan zat gizi dan sifat fisik serta menentukan takaran saji untuk mengetahui kontribusi zat gizi.Metode: Merupakan penelitian eksperimental rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor pada pembutan MP-ASI biskuit bayi dengan substitusi tepung garut, kedelai, dan ubi jalar kuning yaitu K (0 %:0 %:0 %), PI (40 %:15 %:25 %), P2 (30 %: 20 %: 30 %), dan P3 (35 %:25 %:20 %). Analisis statistik zat gizi dan sifat fisik menggunakan One Way Anova CI 95% dilanjutkan dengan analisis Multipel Comparation (Posthoct test).Hasil: Substitusi tepung garut, kedelai, dan ubi jalar kuning meningkatkan kadar protein, lemak, β-karoten, zink, daya serap air, dan tingkat kekerasan pada biskuit, sedangkan kadar karbohidrat menurun. Kadar kalsium, densitas kamba dan uji seduh tidak berbeda nyata dengan biskuit kontrol. Konsumsi satu takaran saji biskuit P3 sebesar 50 g (2 keping biskuit) dapat memenuhi energi 40,63 %, protein 31,31 %, vitamin A 31,27 %, kalsium 62 %, dan zink 18,75 % pada bayi.Simpulan: Konsumsi dua takaran saji biskuit dengan substitusi tepung garut 35 %, kedelai 25 %, dan ubi jalar kuning 20 % dapat memenuhi kecukupan zat gizi bayi kecuali zink. Selain itu, biskuit mempunyai sifat fisik yang baik dilihat dari daya serap air dan tingkat kekerasan.