bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Buddhism Unbundled
Authors: Gleig Ann
Published: September 2019

The Buddhist Geeks project is an online Buddhist media platform launched in 2007 by two self-identified millennials who wanted to combine their passion for Buddhism with their “geeky skills.” It quickly gained a wide audience for its pioneering explorations into the convergence of Buddhism, technology, and global culture. Through an analysis of the Buddhist Geeks project and a consideration of its replacement, Meditate.io., this chapter explores the impact of technology and digital culture on American convert Buddhism. It draws on discourse analysis, formal interviews with some of the main players of the Buddhist Geeks project, informal interaction with multiple Buddhist Geeks participants, and participant observation at three annual Buddhist Geeks conferences from 2012 to 2015.
Foreigners
Authors: Gallagher Noelle
Published: September 2019

This chapter asks what imaginative representations of venereal disease say about Restoration and eighteenth-century attitudes toward the geographically, politically, or nationally “foreign.” More specifically, it suggests that while some experts have argued for a link “between imagining disease and imagining foreignness,” venereal disease in the eighteenth-century imagination was ultimately associated less with the foreign other than with what might be called the foreign self: attributed more often to allies or rivals than to outright enemies, it provided a means of vilifying not those who remained completely outside the nation, but those who influenced or infiltrated it—those, in other words, who threatened to compromise the boundaries between foreigner and native.
Epilogue
Authors: Chazan Robert
Published: September 2019

This chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. Jews have relocated regularly over the ages, becoming an unusually mobile human community. The common view, grounded in the Hebrew Bible and expressed with variations in traditional Jewish, traditional Christian, and modern non-supernatural formulations, projects Jews as overwhelmingly refugees, with their population movement unfailingly involuntary, painful, and hurtful. In contrast, the present examination of Jewish population movement over the past two millennia has shown that Jews to have been primarily migrants, relocating by and large voluntarily in search of a better life and with generally positive results. Although there have been displacements forced upon Jews that were indeed painful and hurtful, such involuntary relocation constitutes the exception in Jewish population movement and was limited to specific times, places, and circumstances.
Prologue
Authors: Chazan Robert
Published: September 2019

This chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. There is a widespread consensus that Jews have suffered an extraordinary level of majority maltreatment, which has occasioned constant population movement resultant from governmental expulsion, hostile legislation, and popular animosity and violence. This book challenges this consensus. The challenge leveled does not deny the reality of governmental expulsions of Jews, of majority limitations on Jewish life that forced Jews to relocate, or of violence that necessitated flight. The challenge to be leveled involves the recognition that in many instances Jews moved themselves and their families for betterment, that Jews were overall more often migrants rather than refugees.
The New Spirit of Capitalism and a Christian Response
Authors: Tanner Kathryn
Published: September 2019

This chapter discusses Max Weber’s approach to the influence of Christian beliefs and practices on economic behavior, and ties it to the sort of comparison of forms of ‘spirituality’ offered by the French philosopher Michel Foucault in his Collège de France lectures. The chapter explores the general characteristics of finance-dominated capitalism, especially with reference to derivatives and financial markets. It discusses how finance disciplines other economic organizations, such as states through the issuance of public debt, and non-financial corporations through the priority given to shareholder value. The culture of finance-dominated capitalism is also talked about as a specific form of work ethic. Finally, the chapter outlines the basic shape of the larger argument of the book, concerning the potential for Christianity to counteract contemporary capitalist modes of control.
Chained to the Past
Authors: Tanner Kathryn
Published: September 2019

This chapter considers the way in which persons, as both workers and debtors, are encouraged to relate to past decisions that constrain present action within finance-dominated capitalism. The presumed inevitability of this way of relating to the past is undercut by appealing to Christian forms of self-repudiation in conversion and to the ruptured narratives that go along with them.
Conclusion
Authors: Green Matthew N. , Harris Douglas B.
Published: September 2019

This chapter reviews the examination of the factors behind candidate emergence and the analyses of vote choice in fourteen contested leadership elections in the U.S. House of Representatives since 1965. It then discusses additional possible explanations of vote choice, how applicable the present findings may be to other legislative settings, and how the politics of leadership races has changed in the past and may change in the years ahead. The chapter concludes that we may see more ethnically diverse leadership candidates than in the past, with voters, interest groups, and new media playing more significant roles in shaping lawmakers' vote choice. However, so long as the central elements shaping the House's leadership elections—the size of the chamber, the service orientation of party leaders, committees and states as the bases for professional connections—do not change, professional connections and salient goals will remain fundamental to how the rank-and-file decide who will lead them.
Of Crisis, Calamity, and Village Fabrics
Authors: Steinberg Jonah
Published: September 2019

This chapter considers the historical dimensions of the forms and forces associated with child precarity and departure. It argues that there is indeed something going on in the villages that children run away from, the most that counts as “crisis” on some level, and particularly on the level of the disruption of kinship practice and structure. The confluence of all these things over time and space—slavery and child sale, indigo exploitation, rebellion, Naxal-Maoism, debt-driven coolie labor, agricultural crisis—points to the reality of the notion of “vortices of misery,” and perhaps even nested or cascading vortices, wherein each response provides its own context for new misery. Even the postulate that the villages manifest a cultural tendency, a shared norm that decrees leaving home alone acceptable and available, is likely a formation that represents culture responding to historical conditions, a structure of practice and discourse that has developed in dialogue with a catastrophic scale and pace of change.
Death and the Urchin
Authors: Steinberg Jonah
Published: September 2019

This chapter considers the social life of child death on Delhi's streets. In particular, it attempts to make sense of the public circulation, iteration, and visibility of knowledge, narratives, and images of street children's deaths, or the invisibility, silence, and unknowability such passings may invoke. What is the valency of the death of a noncitizen barely visible to and barely recognized by the authors of space and the guarantors of rights, and yet highly visible to their violators? What is death, socially speaking, without traceable kin, name, place of origin, or legal existence? What does such a person's death reveal about the value they are assigned by society. It proposes that the death of solo children in Delhi, and their interaction with death, reveals much about the calculus of self and citizenship in postcolonial India, and that the reality of life in postcolonial India, in turn, is inscribed into street children's encounters with dying.
Humankind and Water
Authors: Barbier Edward B.
Published: September 2019

This chapter examines how humankind's complex relationship with water evolved historically to create today's water paradox. There is a significant difference between how water is managed and used for economic development today compared to past eras. Starting with the Agricultural Transition around 10,000 years ago, economic development was spurred by harnessing more water resources. Rather than threatening sustainable development, exploiting and controlling water resources was the key to building successful and long-lasting economies. Although the relationship between exploiting water resources and economic development has changed, many of the water institutions and innovations have not. Water may appear to be cheap, but it is only artificially so. Instead, the current market, policy, and governance institutions underprice it, and so people continue to use water excessively as if it were not scarce. Most of the innovations are also geared toward expanding command and control of water resources, not toward reducing use as economies develop.
Dust Bowls of Empire
Authors: Holleman Hannah
Published: September 2019

The 1930s witnessed a harrowing social and ecological disaster, defined by the severe nexus of drought, erosion, and economic depression that ravaged the U.S. southern plains. Known as the Dust Bowl, this crisis has become a major referent of the climate change era, and has long served as a warning of the dire consequences of unchecked environmental despoliation. Through innovative research and a fresh theoretical lens, this book reexamines the global socioecological and economic forces of settler colonialism and imperialism precipitating this disaster, explaining critical antecedents to the acceleration of ecological degradation in our time. The book draws lessons from this period that point a way forward for environmental politics as we confront the growing global crises of climate change, freshwater scarcity, extreme energy, and soil degradation.
Imperialism, White Settler Colonialism, and the Ecological Rift
Authors: Holleman Hannah
Published: September 2019

This chapter addresses the question of what caused the Dust Bowl by looking at the social and economic developments driving the changing relations of humans to one another and to the land globally in the period immediately preceding it. A distinguishing feature of the new imperialism was the marked increase in the rate of territorial acquisition by Europe, the United States, and Britain. The racially justified expropriation of the land and people enriched and increased the capacities of Global North nations and their economic elites—who financed, carried out, and benefited from this expropriation—to reinforce their rule. As David Naguib Pellow writes, “natural resources are used and abused to support racial hegemony and domination and have been at the core of this process for a half-millennium.” Thus, expropriation, exploitation, and domination paved the way directly to the Dust Bowl and the global crisis of soil erosion by the 1930s.
“To Make Books Without End”
Authors: Teplitsky Joshua
Published: September 2019

This chapter addresses David Oppenheim's will to “make books without end” and how he promoted that mission in a variety of material and cultural ways. Much as the circulation of books permitted a vantage point for discovering relationships of power and prestige, the production of books represented an equally fraught political field. To print a Jewish book required the cooperation of Jews and Christians, authors and printers, artisans and wealthy sponsors, censors and endorsers. Oppenheim stood at the meeting place of such concerted action: while his library offered a source of discovery for unpublished manuscripts, he also was personally involved in the publication process on account of his familial wealth to sponsor publications and the cachet he possessed, as a bibliophile and scholar, to discriminate between works that deserved publication and those that did not.
Endorsing and Incriminating
Authors: Teplitsky Joshua
Published: September 2019

This chapter details how David Oppenheim used the printed word to fashion a wider sense of credibility and to extend that credit of reputation to scholars of lesser rank. Because of his special relationship with the making of books, Oppenheim acted as a lynchpin in a system of literary promotion and the reception—both positively and critically—of books once they were released into circulation that was exemplary of rabbinic culture in the early modern period. Despite his reticence to publish his own writings, his approbata populated the pages of numerous books that entered the market during his lifetime. However, his approbata also provided others with evidence of misdoings, giving antagonists—Jewish and Christian alike—fodder for assaults against him. The spaces between endorsement and incrimination, between censorship and treason, and between hospitality and heresy reveal the thin boundaries between books as objects and the social worlds that created them.
Quest for Status
Authors: Larson Deborah Welch , Shevchenko Alexei
Published: September 2019

This book argues that the desire for world status plays a key role in shaping the foreign policies of China and Russia. Applying social identity theory—the idea that individuals derive part of their identity from larger communities—to nations, the book contends that China and Russia have used various modes of emulation, competition, and creativity to gain recognition from other countries, and thus validate their respective identities. To make this argument, the book analyzes numerous cases, including Catherine the Great's attempts to westernize Russia, China's identity crises in the nineteenth century, and both countries' responses to the end of the Cold War. The book employs a multifaceted method of measuring status, factoring in influence and inclusion in multinational organizations, military clout, and cultural sway, among other considerations. Combined with historical precedent, this socio-psychological approach helps explain current trends in Russian and Chinese foreign policy.
Preface to Section 2: Voices of separated migrant youth
Authors: Clayton Sue
Published: September 2019

Sue Clayton worked with separated refugee youths between 2006 and 2017 as a film-maker and academic, and as more recently as a consultant for the BBC, ITV News and Channel 4 News. She has interviewed over 200 young refugees. This preface draws out themes from these interviews and uses the young people’s own words to tell their stories. The participants have been anonymised for reasons of privacy. These narratives are told in the way the young people wished to tell them. Together they present a collective picture of typical life journeys - hopes, fears and aspirations - which can be read to inform and inflect the chapters that follow which focus on young people’s experiences within immigration and welfare systems.
Conclusion
Authors: Clayton Sue , Gupta Anna , Willis Katie
Published: September 2019

This chapter draws together themes emerging from the preceding chapters, as well as identifying policy recommendations. It starts by highlighting the insights drawn from the cross-disciplinary approach adopted in the book. It then moves on to stress the social justice and human rights perspective, including the implications of how unaccompanied asylum-seeking children are framed by the authorities that are dealing with their cases. It discusses the need to acknowledge and support young people in exercising their agency, albeit within the confines of structural inequalities. The chapter then provides policy recommendations including the implementation of current laws and guidelines, and a review of age assessment processes. The chapter concludes with examples of new practices and new critical thinking that have emerged in the face of challenges associated with supporting unaccompanied young migrants in recent years.
The queer subject of ‘getting on’
Authors: Taylor Yvette
Published: September 2019

This chapter dwells on disruptions of normative time, on what is done ‘at the right time’, and by whom. It empirically situates ‘intersections’ of age, sexuality and gender, as bringing forward certain subjects, while rendering others out of time, backwards, behind and redundant. Sexualities research is replete with metaphors of ‘coming of age’ and, with the passing of Equalities legislation, may well be seen as a discipline that has itself, ‘got on’ or ‘arrived’. Yet only certain gendered and sexual subjects are constructed as on time, planned alongside work-life balance, situated against anticipated life-course trajectories, and as endorsed in social policies, institutional practice and normative imaginings. I draw on concepts from Bourdieu, and ideas of ‘queer temporalities’, to explore how (non)normative personhood is produced and ruptured. I locate myself in and through research, as inevitably intersecting my own cares, biography, personal and professional identity (as also a queer subject ‘getting on’).
Social transnationalism and supranational identifications
Authors: Pötzschke Steffen , Braun Michael
Published: September 2019

This chapter focuses on the degree to which the surveyed national and migrant populations identify with different entities, such as their country of residence, the European Union, or the world as a whole. The comparative analysis shows differences in the transnationalism-identification nexus between nationals in the different countries, between nationals and migrants in the same country and, between migrants in different countries. Overall, the nexus is found to be weaker than expected. We also explore the distinction between Europe-centred supranational identification and a more broadly defined understanding of cosmopolitanism. Evidence reveals that European identification is not a variation of cosmopolitanism, but rather a distinct phenomenon in its own right, which is also more evident in some national contexts.
Understanding Romanians’ cross-border mobility in Europe: movers, stayers and returnees
Authors: Barbulescu Roxana , Ciornei Irina , Varela Albert
Published: September 2019

This chapter investigates the everyday practices of cross-border mobility of Romanian citizens in the light of the concept of ‘space-set’ (Recchi 2013 and 2015). Using mixed methods, we distinguish between stayers, movers and returnees and examine the role of frequency, reason for travel, destinations and personal significance. Findings show that Romanians’ long-term mobility, motivated especially by work, is amplified by more short-term mobility in the form of holidays, trips or visits to friends and families abroad. However, not all benefit from the rise in international mobility: two thirds of the stayers did not cross the border in the past two years. This finding suggests that first, mobile Romanians are pioneers of everyday European integration (Recchi and Favell 2009) and, second, long-term mobility has a ‘sticky’ nature and predicts short-term mobility irrespective of individual socio-economic resources. These insights counter stereotypes of Romanians, and also question what we call the ‘migratisation of mobilities’ where all forms of mobility are assimilated to a migration paradigm.
Keeping the show on the road: a reflective dialogue between a community worker and a funder
Authors: Bender Lin , Makongo Japhet
Published: September 2019

This chapter presents a dialogue between Japhet Makongo, a community development worker based in Tanzania, and Lin Bender, CEO of the philanthropic organisation, the Helen Macpherson Smith Trust in Victoria, Australia. Lin and Japhet have each worked on both ‘sides’ of the funding relationship and through their discussion they offer insights into the day-to-day realities of managing funding relationships. They analyse the risks and challenges involved, but also the possibilities for effective funding for community empowerment. Their discussion of funding speaks to perennially important themes within community development such as power, agency, community ownership, process versus outcome, and the meaning of ‘success’.
Building alternative communities within the state: the Kurdish Movement, local municipalities and democratic autonomy
Authors: Flader Ulrike , Gürer Çetin
Published: September 2019

This chapter discusses the different forms of community development that the Kurdish Movement creatively makes use of and how funding is sourced in support of these practices. Since the mid-2000s, the Kurdish Movement has put increased focus on the development of alternative communities in the Kurdistan region in Turkey as part of an effort to establish ‘democratic autonomy’. The chapter is structured in three parts. The first section explains the historical and theoretical background of the paradigmatic shift within the Kurdish Movement from armed struggle for independence towards a movement for democratic autonomy. This is followed by a discussion of the central role of the municipalities in this model and an analysis of three exemplary forms of funding.
Ethiopia
Authors: Lloyd Robert B. , Haussman Melissa , James Patrick
Published: September 2019

This chapter focuses on religion and health in Ethiopia. The two basic questions motivating this study are answered through the research of this chapter: “What is the role of religion in the Social Determinants of Health?”; and “How is it connected to outcomes?” The political, economic, health, and religious contexts of Ethiopia are reviewed. Ethiopia is an ancient and significantly rural state that by African standards is relatively poor. Religion plays an essential role in Ethiopia with regard to both the provision and seeking of health care. Ethiopians convey a holistic view of health, in place for a very long time. Traditional healing continues to be important; even those who believe in modern medicine may begin their process of health-seeking with that option.
Conclusion: Super-diversity, conviviality, inequality
Authors: Oosterlynck Stijn , Verschraegen Gert
Published: September 2019

This concluding chapter reflects on some important insights from the previous chapters on how urbanites actively and creatively live with and in super-diversity and how urban diversity interacts with social inequalities in disadvantaged and super-diverse neighbourhoods. These contributions also point to directions for future research and analysis. Analyses of super-diversity and conviviality should be brought in closer dialogue with more established debates on solidarity and social capital in the context of increasing ethnic and cultural diversity and normative philosophical debates on migrant incorporation. Since the former tends to see diversity as a threat to social solidarity and social capital, the super-diversity and conviviality literature offers a refreshing perspective of how diversity plays out in everyday urban life. Indeed, connecting super-diversity and conviviality research with these other fields of research is necessary to make a thorough assessment of both the potential and limitations of conviviality in nurturing social cohesion and solidarity.
What is known about children’s experience of parental separation and divorce?
Authors: Kay-Flowers Susan
Published: September 2019

The chapter starts by describing the types of families in the United Kingdom (UK) and goes on to explain some of the legislation governing marriage, civil partnerships and divorce. Using data available from each of the Home Nations - England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland - it assesses the extent of divorce across the UK and the number of children affected, where possible. The type of information collected by each government varies, meaning the picture is incomplete. The second part of the chapter explains the reasons for focusing on children’s ‘voice’ and identifies previous research studies giving ‘voice’ to their experience of parental separation and divorce. The main themes emerging from the review are used to report their findings in the third part of the chapter under the following headings: parental communication; children’s involvement in decision-making; continuity in relationships and arrangements; support; parental conflict; family transitions and looking back on their experience.
Reimagining Global Abortion Politics
Authors: Bloomer Fiona , Pierson Claire , Estrada Claudio Sylvia
Published: September 2019

What are the contemporary issues in abortion politics globally? What factors explain variations in access to abortion between and within different countries? This text provides a transnationally focused, interdisciplinary analysis of trends in abortion politics using case studies from around the global north and south. It considers how societal influences, such as religion, nationalism and culture, impact abortion law and access. It explores the impact of international human rights norms, the increasing displacement of people due to conflict and crisis and the role of activists on law reform and access. The book concludes by considering the future of abortion politics through the more holistic lens of reproductive justice. Utilising a unique interdisciplinary approach, this book provides a major contribution to the knowledge base on abortion politics globally. It provides an accessible, informative and engaging text for academics, policy makers and readers interested in abortion politics.
Is choice enough? Engaging with reproductive justice
Authors: Bloomer Fiona , Pierson Claire , Claudio Sylvia Estrada
Published: September 2019

In Chapter 7, the development of the Reproductive Justice Framework and its international application is analysed, alongside consideration of the terminology of reproductive justice and how its use is impacted by different societal contexts. A consideration of the choice framework is offered. The case study of RESURJ, an international organisation of young feminists working in the Global South, provides insight into how movements can work at grassroots and international levels, promoting the values of reproductive justice in order to improve the lives of those most affected by oppressive laws and policies. The chapter further considers how reproductive justice can shine a light on countries with multiple reproductive oppressions. The chapter concludes by considering a recent development in the theoretical framework of Reparative Reproductive Justice.
Between research and community development: Negotiating a contested space for collaboration and creativity
Authors: Banks Sarah , Armstrong Andrea , Bonner Anne , Hall Yvonne , Harman Patrick , Johnston Luke , Levi Clare , Smith Kath , Taylor Ruth
Published: September 2019

This chapter discusses the relationship between co-produced research and community development. In particular, it addresses longstanding debates about whether certain forms of co-produced research (especially participatory action research), are, in fact, indistinguishable from community development. This question is explored with reference to Imagine North East, a co-produced research project based in North East England, which was part of a larger programme of research on civic participation (Imagine – connecting communities through research). The chapter offers a critical analysis of three elements of Imagine North East: an academic-led study of community development from the 1970s to the present; starting with the national Community Development Projects in Benwell and North Shields; a series of community development projects undertaken by local community-based organisations; and the challenges and outcomes of a joint process of reflection and co-inquiry. It considers the role of co-produced research in challenging stigma, celebrating place and developing skills and community networks – all recognisable as community development processes and outcomes. It also discusses the difficult process of bringing together a disparate group of people in a co-inquiry group; the time taken to develop identities as practitioner-researchers; and the skills required to engage in a kind of ‘collaborative reflexivity’ whereby members of the group critically reflected together on the group’s role and dynamics.
Conclusion: Imagining different communities and making them happen
Authors: Ward Paul , Banks Sarah , Hart Angie , Pahl Kate
Published: September 2019

This is the final chapter of Co-producing research: A community development approach. It draws together key messages and learning from previous chapters about a complex community-university research project, Imagine – connecting communities through research. It outlines the challenges and rewards of a community development approach to co-producing research, including working with diversity and difference and being prepared to be flexible, creative and patient. It ends by discussing a final writing retreat to encapsulate key achievements and learning from the project, ending with the advice to ‘embrace the unexpected’.
Introduction
Authors: Goulding Anna
Published: September 2019

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the relationship between taking part in different forms of creative and cultural practice and the development of resilience in older people. There are significant challenges associated with old age and, as a response, policy initiatives have been developed which focus on reducing social isolation, improving well-being, and creating dementia-friendly communities. The chapters in this book provide crucial support for such initiatives by reporting findings that enhance understanding of how cultural engagement can develop both individual and community resilience. Indeed, through critically examining the meaning and value of creative engagement in later life, this book brings vital new understandings to the field of cultural gerontology.
Crafting resilience for later life
Authors: Reynolds Jackie
Published: September 2019

This chapter studies the role of long-running craft activities in the lives of older women. The craft activities are understood as both creative and social experiences, and both aspects are seen as supporting resilience responses to the challenges of later life. Resilience is here understood as both individual and communal. The sense of purpose and meaning, and in particular the supportive networks that are accessed through membership of craft groups, can be seen to help people to deal with a range of challenges, some of them linked to later life. The findings highlight the wide range of emotional and practical support that is generated through craft groups. They also emphasise the value of volunteering as a component of resilience from both an individual and community perspective.
Entangling and disentangling governance and the media
Authors: Schillemans Thomas , Pierre Jon
Published: September 2019

First published as a special issue of Policy & Politics, this updated volume explores the intersections between governance and media in western democracies, which have undergone profound recent changes. Many governmental powers have been shifted toward a host of network parties such as NGOs, state enterprises, international organizations, autonomous agencies, and local governments. Governments have developed complex networks for service delivery and they have a strategic interest in the news media as an arena where their interests can be served and threatened.
How do the media relate to and report on complex systems of government? How do the various governance actors respond to the media and what are the effects on their policies? This book considers the impact of media-related factors on governance, policy, public accountability and the attribution of blame for failures.
Fighting or fumbling with the beast? The mediatisation of public sector agencies in Australia and the Netherlands
Authors: Schillemans Thomas
Published: September 2019

Public agencies are the objects of a large share of the daily news and devote substantial resources to media management and monitoring. This paper analyses how public agencies have adapted their internal structures and processes in order to meet the demands from their media environment. To this end, an analytical framework for the analysis of organisational mediatisation – the adaptation of internal structures and processes to external media demands – is developed. This is the first framework available for empirical analyses of organisational mediatisation. Its use is then demonstrated in a comparative analysis of the mediatisation of public agencies in Australia and the Netherlands; countries with contrasting political and media systems. An explorative, multimethod study describes how Australian agencies go to greater lengths in accommodating their media environment – they fight the media beast – whereas Dutch agencies are more hesitant; they are fumbling with the beast.
Exploring the impact of welfare conditionality on Roma migrants in the UK
Authors: Dinu Liviu , Scullion Lisa
Published: September 2019

The arrival of large numbers of Central and Eastern European migrants to the UK has been met with political and public debate around the perceived impacts on indigenous labour market opportunities coupled with fears about the demands placed on the welfare system. Within this broader migration, the arrival of Roma has triggered particularly prejudicial reactions. However, little is known about how Roma experience the social security system within the UK, particularly within a situation of increasingly conditional rights for European migrants. This chapter begins by highlighting some of the pervasive narratives in relation to Roma that focus on their supposed disproportionate representation within benefits systems and the subsequent responses of Member States to such (mis)representations. Drawing upon interviews with Roma migrants claiming social security benefits in the UK, the chapter then provides insights into how they respond to the conditionality inherent within the UK social security system. The chapter highlights that, contrary to pervasive narratives, claiming benefits appears to be a last resort after multiple job search attempts. Furthermore, welfare conditionality has the potential to lead Roma to disengage with the benefits system altogether and seek informal employment in order to meet their basic needs.
Pride and shame in the creation of the ‘appropriate’ organisation
Authors: Gibson Matthew
Published: September 2019

This chapter outlines how the different representations for social work practice provide conflicting sets of standards, ideals and goals for social work organisations. Some ‘institutional logics’ are imposed on social work services by politicians and through the media, which set the boundaries for public praise and shame for an organisation, thereby directing and shaping its identity. Within this context, this chapter introduces the idea of organisational emotional safety, in which organisations are constructed to avoid organisational shaming and rejection, on the one hand, and attract pride and acceptance, on the other. In an attempt to manage its image and reputation, organisational leaders engage in this form of emotion work to create and maintain a consistent set of organisational actions which ensures that it is safe from episodic shaming, while evoking pride within the organisation and acceptance without. A case example is provided to illustrate this argument that pride and shame are strategically used to create ‘appropriate’ organisations as defined by those with the power of definition.
Conclusions
Authors: Gibson Matthew
Published: September 2019

This chapter reviews and summarises the theory proposed throughout this book. It considers this theory within the context of the case-study site used as an example throughout. While all child and family social work organisations will interpret the wider systemic pressures individually and have their own regional needs and local idiosyncrasies, the case example provides an illustration of how pride and shame can be used in political attempts to shape, direct and control public services. In addition, it also demonstrates the complexity of the decision-making process, where experiences, or the anticipation, of pride, shame and other self-conscious emotions drive practitioners to comply with, or resist, such pressures. These processes are not reserved specifically for child and family social work, however. Indeed, the whole welfare state and governmental apparatus has been going through a transformation as neoliberal ideas, agendas and values have become embedded into political, media and public discourse. These ideas, therefore, relate to other disciplines and practices. This chapter sketches out the conditions needed for authenticity and pride in social work practice before concluding with possible future directions in the theory and practice of pride and shame in professional practice
Legacy and lavender: community heritage and the arts
Authors: Smith Helen , Hope Mark
Published: September 2019

This chapter studies how new perspectives on organisational practices are revealed when participants in an arts practice research project decide to focus on a local heritage subject. The Lavender Project, as this arts project became known, is a case study in an Arts and Humanities Research Council Connected Communities collaborative doctoral award between Robert Gordon University and community partner Woodend Barn, a rural arts centre in the North East of Scotland. The chapter shows how participants with different roles across their organisation reflect critically together upon difficult and complex topics, including the future direction of their arts centre. The dialogues are characterised by humour and metaphor, referencing the heritage subject and their experience of this research process. These reflections shed light on how collaborative participatory arts research, when combined with a local heritage subject identified by the participants, can open new spaces for criticality between communities, generating durable, negotiated change.
Introduction
Authors: Tomlinson Sally
Published: September 2019

This book sets out to explain the failure at all educational levels to alleviate ignorance about the British Empire, the Commonwealth and the European Union, which underpin a populist view that there should be a white British identity unencumbered by immigrants and refugees. It covers the period from 1870 when imperialism was at its height and mass education was developing, to 2018 when the decision to leave the EU was influenced by ideological and political beliefs deriving from imperial times. The introduction covers the ‘long goodbye of Empire and delusions that Britain can be ‘Great’ when rising inequality over four decades has led to social and economic insecurity with people blaming immigrants for low wages and social insecurity
Ending empire: Education for ignorance, 1945-1960s
Authors: Tomlinson Sally
Published: September 2019

This chapter covers the period 1945-1960. It links the collapse of the British Empire as former colonies fought for or gained their independence peacefully, with the education systems emerging in post-war Britain. The migration of workers from former colonies to fill job vacancies set the racist terms for subsequent discussion of immigration and citizenship rights. The period covers the expansion of education from the 1940s and the incorporations of migrant’s children into a class-based education system. There was minimal information about the realities of decolonisation and why minorities had arrived in the country. This was a period of education for ignorance as any discussion of the brutalities of decolonisation was missing from public discourse, and the school and university curricula remained ethnocentric. By the end of the 1960s Enoch Powell MP was claiming that a sense of being a persecuted minority was growing in the working class.
Human trafficking: addressing the symptom, not the cause
Authors: Roberts Kate
Published: September 2019

This chapter discuss how campaigning and amendments to the Modern Slavery Act, together with a government-commissioned review, resulted in workers being able to change employers within the six-month duration of their visa. In addition, those formally confirmed as trafficked are now permitted to apply for a two-year-long visa to work as a domestic worker in a private home without recourse to public funds. However, these measures fall short of the rights contained within the original visa, which not only worked to support domestic workers to escape abuse, but also went a long way towards preventing exploitative work and provided a pathway for those who had left exploitative work to move on with their lives. The chapter argues that the UK needs to move beyond the ‘rescue and release’ law enforcement-based approach that it has taken to date.
Social Investment in welfare: a sub-national perspective
Authors: Baines Susan , Csoba Judit , Sipos Flórián , Bassi Andrea
Published: September 2019

Taking a critical but sympathetic perspective, this chapter discusses recent debates around Social Investment as a new welfare paradigm. Scholarly and policy literature on Social Investment focus on aggregate effects and macro-comparative analysis with limited reference to local and micro level implementation and practice. Innovation is an essential element of Social Investment as social policies require constant adaptation to new challenges, yet literatures on Social Investment and social innovation rarely connect. This chapter sets the scene for the edited collection, highlighting the aim to advance empirical and conceptual insight into Social Investment from a social innovation and a sub national perspective. It briefly introduces in-depth, multi method case studies in ten EU countries of innovative, strategic approaches to delivering social investment policy at a sub national level.
Troubled Families in Greater Manchester
Authors: Ozan Jessica , O’Leary Chris , Baines Susan , Bailey Gavin
Published: September 2019

This chapter reports on ‘Troubled Families’ in Greater Manchester, a sub-regional implementation of a controversial national programme in England intended to offer joined-up services targeted at families representing the highest costs to the public purse. Its underpinning principles include early intervention with children and sustained employment for parents. Troubled Families is innovative in the funding mechanism known as Payment by Results (PbR), under which local authorities are paid partly through submitting data to demonstrate that they have met outcomes. The evidence shows that, to some extent, the programme supported a shift towards service integration in Greater Manchester as intended. A particular success factor was co-produced family plans, taking the families’ perspectives into account. Payment-by-results was welcomed by some senior managers but did not prove very supportive of the desired new and positive relationship between public services, communities, individuals and enterprises.
Innovative voluntary and public sector partnership for the reception and integration of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in Gothenburg, Sweden
Authors: Aflaki Inga Narbutaité
Published: September 2019

This chapter describes and analyses an innovative form of partnership for the reception and integration of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in Gothenburg, Sweden. The municipality of Gothenburg works with children who arrive in Sweden without adults. It does this through a form of collaborative partnership (idéburnaoffentligapartnerskap, IOP) with nine civil society organisations. Often housing and care are the only services asylum-seeking children receive through municipal or contracted service providers. The Gothenburg IOP provides children with a wide variety of complementary services including psychosocial counselling, access to Swedish social networks through volunteer ‘friend’ families, tailored leisure time activities and summer work practice opportunities. This IOP partnership is experimental in Swedish local public policy. It has been successful in increasing municipal capacities through new patterns of more equal and long-term relations with civil society.
Acquiring work experience for vocational education graduates in Greece
Authors: Koronaiou Alexandra , Alexias George , Sakellariou Alexandros , Vayias George
Published: September 2019

Work Experience for Technical Education Graduates was a programme launched in Greece to provide education, vocational counselling and work experience to people aged up to 29 years who resided in regions of the highest youth unemployment. It was organised and managed by a consortium of social partners established for the purpose. Enterprises were given the opportunity to employ graduates as interns to extend their workforce and to benefit from fresh ideas. The programme was quite a complex one with very limited time available (just under one year). There is some evidence nevertheless of positive effects on various levels although it is too early to assess the numbers and sustainability of new jobs created.
Network for the labour market integration of migrants and refugees in Münster, Germany (MAMBA)
Authors: Borosch Nikola , Gluns Danielle , Zimmer Annette
Published: September 2019

The Network for the regional labour market integration of asylum seekers and refugees in Münster (MAMBA) was designed by a refugee aid association who coordinate it. It brings together five partner organisations, each providing individual support to participants in its particular field of expertise. The partnership spans the public, private and third sectors, and partners’ goals and priorities are divergent, ranging from the championing of refugee rights to resolving skill shortages in the craft sector. In addition to working intensively with individuals to improve their job prospects, the MAMBA partners attempt to address structural barriers to labour market integration by raising awareness with employers and providing training for Job Centre staff. MAMBA is a success story mainly as a result of intensive, time consuming personal assistance achieved through fruitful cooperation of very different organizations.
Labour market activation and empowerment of the homeless in Poland
Authors: Wiktorska-Święcka Aldona , Moron Dorota
Published: September 2019

This chapter is about activation and empowerment of the homeless in Wroclaw, Poland. Known as ‘Assistance from A to Z’, it concerns a programme intended to equip homeless individuals with competencies and skills to improve self-sufficiency and access the labour market. It is a local project but related to national and EU active inclusion policy and funded through the European Social Fund. An important innovative element is the use of ‘accompaniment’, an idea for intensive individual support that comes from France. In the Polish context, the combined use of a wide range of social and professional support was also innovative. The activation and empowerment of a group of such extremely excluded people as the homeless is demanding and requires intensive, individualised interventions adapted to the needs and capabilities of the beneficiaries. Economic evaluation of this case suggests that it was successful in bringing positive results and was a productive expenditure.
The creation of a socially diverse neighbourhood in Utrecht, the Netherlands
Authors: Fermin Alfons , Geelhoed Sandra , Gründemann Rob
Published: September 2019

The authors explain the innovative creation of a socially diverse neighbourhood called the ‘Green Sticht’ in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Inspired by the ideas of a charismatic activist preacher, the Green Sticht created an entirely new neighbourhood with an informal support system for socially vulnerable people, and thus circumvented the ‘not in my backyard’ sentiment present in the city. Residents who choose to move there out of idealism live alongside citizens who are formerly homeless, often with psychological and psychiatric problems. The Green Sticht has become financially self-reliant. It has never been fully replicated but has recently inspired two new projects, showing that it is possible to adapt combinations of the main elements and mechanisms that have made it successful and sustainable.