bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P02-90 - High Levels of Stress and Addiction to Internet
Authors: Gharib K. , Homayouni A. , Khatiri Yanesari M.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Stress is integral part of human life todays. Stressful situations not only affect on the short-term events such as death or birth, but also it affects on events such as marriage, employment situations and particular political atmosphere that are to long-term events. However, whether these factors are short-term or long-term, individual reaction to cope with situations will be different. So the study aimed to investigate one of problems of 20th century, addiction to internet, and its relation to strss.

Method

In sampling process 100 university students were randomly selected. All participants were requested to complete Coudron's Stress Inventory (CSI) and Addiction to internet inventory (AII).

Results

Analyzing of the data showed that there is significant positive correlation between stress and addiction to internet. It showed people with stress are more dependent to the Internet and have more tendency to overuse of internet.

Conclusion

With regards to results, it is bettter to plan for increasing of skills of cope with stress and decrease addiction to internet in university students.
P02-93 - Personality Traits as a Predictor of Optimism in University Students
Authors: Zamani H. , Mohammadi M.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The study aimed to investigate relationship between personality characteristics and optimism in university students.

Method

Study sample included a number of students that randomly were selected. To measure characteristics of personality questionnaire, NEO-FFI and optimism inventory was used. After collecting data Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data.

Results

Findings showed that there were positive significant correlation between Extroversion, Agreement, Conscience and optimism in university students.

Discussion

Based on results, it is recemonded that with applying plans to increase optimism elements in students, mental health will increase.
P02-95 - “The Analyze of Stressors, Coping Styles and Mental Health in Infertile Men and Women”
Authors: Heidari S. , Azadfallah P. , Rasoolzade Tabatabaei K.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The stress of infertility is the problem that involves many couples. The reaction manner of infertile couples to this stress and finally the mental health of them are affected by many factors that one of them is the coping styles that such couples use in contrast with the stressor.

Aims

This research with the aim of realizing psychological aspects of infertility and showing it's effects, studies the coping styles and the mental health of infertile men and women to the stress of infertility.

Methods

The questionnaire of mental health(GHQ), the questionnaire of coping styles of Lazarus and Folkman and the scale of stressor factors, filled by infertile couples(40 men, 40 women). Acquired information, analysed with the X^2 test, independent T test, dependent T test, U Man Witney test and the ways of regression analysis.

Results

Infertile women have less mental health rather than infertile men, and also results show that infertile couples use problem focused coping less than emotion focus coping and such people that use problem focused coping more than emotion focus coping, have higher mental health.

Conclusion

The results of this study emphasis on effective role of coping styles that infertile couples use,for prediction of mental health and the role of gender on relation between mentioned variables.
P02-96 - A Survey on the Role of Religious Orientation, Mental Health and Happiness in the Senile People
Authors: Homayouni A.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Religious orientation can be understood in terms of two dimensions: extrinsic religiosity and intrinsic religiosity. Those with an “intrinsic religious” orientation dedicated their life to God or a higher power and reported they were less afraid of death and experienced greater feelings of well-being, happiness and mental health than people who fit into the “extrinsic religious” category of using religion for external ends, such as a way to make friends or increase community social standing.

Method

80 senile people were randomly selected and Allport's religious orientation scale (AROS), Argyle's happiness inventory (AHI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were administered on them. Pearson correlation formula was used for analyzing the data.

Results

Findings showed that there is negative and significant correlation between intrinsic religious orientation and components of mental illness, positive and significant correlation between extrinsic religious orientation and components of mental illness, negative and significant correlation between components of mental illness and happiness.

Conclusions

In seeking of satisfaction and happiness of / in life people choose some ways. One of the most ways is being religious and religious orientation. In religious orientation, people with intrinsic religious orientation tend to internal value and personal relationship with God and this attitudes makes them hopefully in life and make happy them in every time of life. People with extrinsic religious orientation tend to be religious for getting the situation and prestige and social confirmation. When they do not reach to their goals they disappoint specially in aging period and get depressed.
P02-134 - Developing a Viable Slavic-language Personality Inventory for Police & Security Forces in Bosnia, Croatia & Serbia
Authors: French L.A. , Nikolic-Novakovic L.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Studies have shown police corruption to be a major problem within the police and security forces in the former war-torn Balkan nations, notably Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia. Current European Union and USA training programs do not adequately address the issue of mental and character suitability for law enforcement personnel. An existing, and little used, Slavic-language version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-201) is grossly lacking in that it is too short a version and does not lend itself to the rich predictived material that makes the MMPI a viable and strong assessment tool. The MMPI-201 profile also omits critical clinical scales.

Method

We have translated and modernized the first 360 items in the original MMPI into the Slavic language thereby providing a viable personality inventory that can draw on over 60 years of predictive research relevant to professional suitability as well as ruling-out any presenting clinical mental health and/or charaterologic problems. We are currently in the process of validating this instrument by using both the “alternate test” and “test-retest” modes. Here, students, who are competent in both the Slavic and English languages, enrolled in the College of Criminal Sciences and the Law, in both Bosnia and Serbia are administered both the English and Slavic-language instruments at different settings at least a week apart. Both versions are then compared for each subject (N= 50 to 100 for each country) relevant to an estimation of fit for assessing the reliability of the Slavic-Language Personality Inventory.
P02-138 - Reliability and Validity of the Ref Scale for Referential Thinking
Authors: Senín-Calderón M.C. , Rodríguez-Testal J.F. , Fernández-Jiménez E. , Valdés-Díaz M. , Benítez-Hernández M.M. , Fuentes-Márquez S.
Published: June 2010

Antecedents

In previous works we demonstrated the utility of the REF scale for the assessment referential thinking (Rodríguez-Testal et al., 2001) although it wasn't specific for patients with psychotic disorder (Rodríguez-Testal et al., 2008).

Objectives and hypotheses

We analyzed the psychometric properties of reliability and validity of the REF scale. We compared the differences in referential thinking between subjects with and without psychopathology. In the patient group we will not obtain differences in referential-thinking between diagnosis types of Axis I, Axis II, or patients with diagnoses on both axes.

Methods

Participants: 120 subjects, 70 patients attending a private center of clinic psychology, 64.3 % women, mean age = 35.21 (SD = 10.5) and 50 controls selected from the normal population, 54 % women, mean age = 33.48 (SD = 10.83).

It was applied a cross design for a correlation method of comparison between groups. All the analysis were accepted at p< .05.

Results

We reached adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha= .90, split-half reliability= .83 and .82). The test-restest reliability was significant (mean interval of 44 days). There are significant differences in referential thinking between subjects with and without psychopathology (t=3.8; p=.001). There are significant differences in referential thinking between types of diagnoses (F=3.99; p=.001).

Conclusions

The REF scale has adequate psychometric properties (reliability and validity). It discriminated between patients and no-patients, and between the different types of diagnoses, especially for those who suffer psychotic disorders.
P02-140 - The REF Scale: a Good Indicator to Differentiate the Two Subtypes of Paranoia “Bad Me” and “Poor Me”?
Authors: Fernández-Jiménez E. , Senín-Calderón M.C. , Rodríguez-Testal J.F. , Benítez-Hernández M.M. , Fuentes-Márquez S. , Valdés-Díaz M.
Published: June 2010

Previously (Rodríguez-Testal et al., 2001) we analysed the multidimensionality of Referential Thinking Scale, obtaining similar results to original research of Lenzenweger et al. (1997) but warning about the construction of subscales.

Objectives

In this study we intended to analyse if the REF Scale is a good indicator to differentiate the two subtypes of paranoia “Bad Me” and “Poor Me” (Trower & Chadwick, 1995).

Methods

Participants: We analyzed data from a different sample of previous studies with 326 participants (64.11% women, mean age 30.8, SD = 10.84), of whom 212 were patients.

Design, materials and procedure: We used the REF-scale (Lenzenweger et al., 1997) adapted to Spanish language, of which we deleted two items because of psychometric criteria, resulting 32 dichotomic items. We used SPSS 15.0 to conduct a principal-components factor analysis with a varimax and oblimin rotation, retaining two factors.

Results

Two factors explained 31.32% of the variance (rotated solution). We interpreted factor through factor loadings higher than .42. Factor 1 accounted for 18.28% of the variance and it's associated with referential laughter, commentaries and guilt. Factor 2 accounted for 13.05% of the variance and it's associated with referential concerns related to the media.

Conclusions

Since the inter-factor correlation is moderate (.44) and there are no relevant clinical differences about the content between the two factors, the REF scale is a one-dimensional measure. Therefore, two big factors don’t emerge from the REF scale related to referential concerns about laughter-commentaries and guilt that correspond to “Poor Me” and “Bad Me”, respectively.
P02-147 - Changing Feelings: How the Serotonin Transporter Genotype Modulates Emotion Regulation
Authors: Firk C. , Siep N. , Markus C.R.
Published: June 2010

Major depression (MD) is one of the most common disease burdens throughout the world. Understanding the pathophysiology of MD is therefore a major challenge in psychology and psychiatry. One major risk factor for MD is stress. However, the risk of depression after stressful life events is much greater in individuals with possession of the short variant (S) compared to the long variant (L) of the serotonin transporter polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR). But why?

One intriguing possibility is that 5-HTTLPR-S carriers show reduced cognitive downregulation of negative emotional information, through which negative emotional information is easily interpreted as stressful thereby increasing the risk of depression. In support of this hypothesis, a hyperresponsiveness (i.e. in 5-HTTLPR-S carriers compared to 5-HTTLPR-L carriers) of the amygdala in response to emotionally negative information has been found. Further, amygdala reactivity is negatively correlated with cognitive down regulation (cognitive reappraisal) of emotionally negative information.

To explore the effect of cognitive reappraisal on neural and behavioral emotional responses, instructed emotion regulation (i.e. instructing participants to down-regulate or up-regulate the impact of negative emotional stimuli by reinterpreting the meaning of an emotional event) can be applied.

Therefore, the main aim of the current study is to investigate whether the effects of cognitive reappraisal of negative emotional information (by instructed reappraisal) on neural and behavioral emotional responses is modulated by 5-HTTLPR genotype using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
P02-151 - The Antisaccadic CNV in Patients with Schizophrenia and Paraphilia
Authors: Kirenskaya A. , Kamenskov M. , Myamlin V. , Tkachenko A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The aim of the study was to assess the frontal cortex functioning in schizophrenics and patients with paraphilia using CNV analysis in antisaccade paradigm.

Methods

9 paranoid schizophrenics, 13 patients with stereotyped forms of paraphilia, and 10 healthy subjects performed horizontal antisaccades. All participants were right-handed males. EEG was recorded from 19 sites. Mean amplitudes of slow negative potentials time-locked to peripheral target (CNV) were analyzed over two intervals: 1000-800 ms (early CNV), and 200-0 ms (late CNV) before peripheral target. Fixation period was 1200-1400 ms.

Results

Significant increase of errors was revealed in patients with schizophrenia (13,6±4,4%) and parafilia (12,4±2,8%) compared to controls (4,1±1,0%). The significant between-group differences were obtained for the amplitude of early CNV, related to cognitive aspects of preparatory set. Bilateral frontal-central-parietal distribution of early CNV with a maximal amplitude at the saggital sites (Fz, Cz) was observed in control subjects. Significant decline of the CNV amplitude most pronounced in the saggital frontal region (Fz) was found in schizophrenics compared to controls. In patients with paraphilia the negativity zone didn't include central and parietal regions, but CNV amplitude at frontal sites didn't differ from control values.

Conclusions

The obtained results demonstrate that poor antisaccade performance was associated with different neural mechanisms in patients with schizophrenia and paraphilia.

The deficit of frontal activation was found in schizophrenic patients. Lack of the activation of central-parietal region in paraphilia group may reflect dysturbed interaction between cortical and subcortical systems involved in the executive regulation of behavior.
P02-155 - Enhanced Non-planning Impulsivity in Schizophrenia-addiction Comorbidity is Related to Anterior Cingulate and Frontopolar Gray Matter Volumes
Authors: Schiffer B.
Published: June 2010

Despite the high prevalence of comorbid substance abuse in schizophrenia, there is still little knowledge about the influence of comorbidity on neuro-cognitive function, impulsivity and its impact on the brain.

The present study sought to determine whether addicted and non-addicted schizophrenic patients are impaired differentially on relevant domains of executive functions and impulsivity, and whether specific volumetric correlates exist.

Using voxel-based morphometry on high-resolution MRI data, we set out to examine the anatomical correlates of impulsivity and several executive domains (cognitive flexibility, working memory, inhibition and planning).

We recruited a total of 51 participants for this study. The schizophrenia group comprised 24 patients (12 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 12 with additional comorbid substance abuse). The comparison group comprised 27 age and education matched non-schizophrenic individuals (14 healthy controls and 13 patients with substance use disorders).

Gray matter volume deficits were present in all patient groups but were greatest not in the comorbid but in the substance abuse group. With regard to this, lateral OFC volume reductions seems to be more schizophrenia related, whereas recuctions in the medial OFC seems to be addiction related. Further, non-planning impulsivity seemed to be increased in comorbid patients as compared to non-addicted schizophrenics and associated with anterior cingulate, and frontopolar brain volumes.

The present study indicates severe volume and executive deficits in schizophrenia which are, however, only partially exacerbated by comorbid addiction. However there are pronounced and clinically relevant differences regarding non-planning impulsivity between these groups, which were represented also by volume alterations.
P02-158 - Emotional Responses in Excessive Players of Violent Video Games - an fMRI-study
Authors: te Wildt B.T. , Rojas S. , Sachs S. , Wedegärtner F. , Szycik G.
Published: June 2010

To assess empathic and aversive emotional responses of excessive players of violent video games, both 20 male gamers and 20 controls, age and education matched were examined with functional MRI.

The examinations focused on resting state activity, voxelbased morphometry and the functional scanning of diverse aspects of emotional processing. The actual fMRI-scans were performed under presentation of pictures taken from the IAPS. To put the obtained fMRI-results in a broader context, the participants were examined with psychometrically.

The first-person-shooter players, half of whom fulfilled the criteria of computer game dependency, scored significantly higher (p ≤ .05) in 4 out of 6 factors of aggressiveness as measured by the FAF. The general aggression scale of the FAF correlates significantly positively (p≤ .05; r=−.515) with the Perspective Taking Scale of the Interpersonality Reactivity Index (IRI), while a couple of the FAF-Subscales correlate likewise with the Empathic Response Scale.

Within the measurement of resting state activity, differences in the Default Mode-network between players and controls could be shown. The excessive gamers exhibited significant differences within the ACC as compared to controls. This cluster significantly correlates with the FAF-Subscale for self aggression/depression. The calculation of ANOVA design of the functional experiment with picture presentation did not reveal differences in terms of group level. Yet, the analysis of the singular conditions has shown differences in the fusiform gyrus. This may point to unbalanced material for stimulation in terms of visual procession of facial presentations.

The fMRI-results are discussed against the background of the psychometric findings.
P01-411 - Development of Heart Disease Treatment, and Mortality, from 1994 to 2006 among Persons with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Nordentoft M. , Laursen T.M.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Heart disease mortality rates in persons with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are greatly increased, compared to the general population. The objective was to assess the development during the period 1994 to 2006 of the heart disease mortality gap between persons with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or other psychiatric disorders and the general population, evaluated in the light of rates of somatic hospitalization and invasive heart disease procedures.

Method

Survival analysis was used to analyze heart disease mortality and somatic care trends in a cohort of all persons residing in Denmark.

Results

Heart disease mortality in persons with schizophrenia remained on a high and stable level throughout the follow-up period, whereas cohort members without psychiatric disorders had declining heart disease mortality. The result is an increasing mortality gap with a significant mortality rate ratio trend equalling 1.12 with 95% CI (1.08, 1.15) for every second year. This was not the case for persons with bipolar disorder or other psychiatric disorders. Somatic hospitalization and invasive procedure were on a low level throughout the entire period, among persons with schizophrenia.

Conclusions

The reason for the widening of the mortality gap between persons with schizophrenia and the rest of the cohort members can be partly explained by the lack of improvement in treatment procedures, which is illustrated by the very low rates of invasive cardiac procedures. However, other reasons, such as antipsychotic-induced weight gain and difficulty following such advice as to stop smoking can also be part of the explanation.
P02-160 - Psyatric Disorders at the Patients in the Tertiary Phase of Syphilis
Authors: Boldi I. , Shpak N. , Shpak T. , Coriton A.
Published: June 2010

Nowadays, the syphilis, a rare and ancient diseae, is present from time to time in the various fields of medicine. In its tertiary phase, the psychiatric signs are atypical, making the diagnosis more difficult.

The authors present the case reports of the patients beeing in the tertiary phase, the ways in which they establish the diagnosis and, also, the global treatment.

it is important to be done a serological diagnosis to all the patients that come and are hospitalized for the first time in psychiatry.

We present the serological test results of the patients who are hospitalized in the CH of Rennes, in the last three years.
P02-166 - Mental Health Policy and Planning in Ireland
Authors: Datta A. , Frewen J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Although the world is suffering from an increasing burden of mental disorders, budgets allocated for mental health in the majority of countries make up a relatively small proportion of total health expenditures.

Objectives

To review the mental health situation in Ireland with regards to mental health Policy and Planning through review of relevant literature.

Aim

To assess the extent of mental health problems in Ireland and discuss the obstacles and priorities in Mental Health Policy and Planning to achieving good mental health in Ireland.

Methodology

To review available hardcopy and internet literature since WHO 2001 health report regarding current mental health situation, issues that are significant obstacles to implementation of mental health policy and what should be prioritised in order to achieve good mental health in Ireland.

Results

In Ireland 24-25% of the population develop mental health problems at some point but only 7% of the health budget is allocated to mental health services. Mental health services are not equitable. There is a need for reorganisation of services and transitional funding. There are human resource shortages and lack of transparency and accountability especially around past expenditures.

Results

The core problem with mental health services in Ireland is an increasingly shrinking budget with poor financial administration consistent with lack of or inadequate implementation of mental health policy. The stumbling block in mental health policy implementation is the lack of a clear authority with defined responsibility for overall mental health policy and budgetary matters.
P02-179 - “To be in Change”. The Interaction Process by Nurse Students and Patients/users in the Field of District Psychiatric Practice
Authors: Sæterstrand T.M. , Holm S.G.
Published: June 2010

Background

The objective of the study is to gain knowledge about the interaction process by nurse students and users in the field of District Psychiatry practice in Norway.

Method

A qualitative study design was chosen. The data came from the students written day books and from focus-group interviews repeated two times in the two different eight weeks period of practice. 28 students were interviewed and 16 students delivered the day books.

Results

Analyzing the data was done by using grounded theory as described by Strauss & Corbin (1997). The main process was called “To be in change”. The findings were insecurity in between users and students, security in between users and students. The interaction process between users and students was to Balance.

Conclusions and implications

Based on this result, we need to focus on the students need for time for reflections over practice and the need for time to discuss their personal competence as well as their learning process in this field of practice.
P02-181 - The Belarusian Republican Research and Practical Center of Mental Health: the Main Directions of the Development
Authors: Igumnov S.
Published: June 2010

The Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Mental Health (RSPC MH) was founded on 4 February, 2009 in Minsk, the Republic of Belarus.

The main directions of the development of the RSPC MH are as following:

1.

The study of the actual problems of the psychiatry of elderly age as well as Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, epidemiological researches in the Republic of Belarus, working out clinical and psychological tools for the assessment of cognitive functions; implementation of psychiatric approaches peculiar to elderly age into general medicine;

2.

Developing of innovative methods of diagnostics and treatment of mental and behavioral disorders in extreme situations;

3.

The study of the problem of the due diagnostics and therapy of affective disorders, working out of the national standards of diagnostics and treatment of depressions and other affective disorders, implementation of the methods of diagnostics of “hidden depression” into general medical practice;

4.

The study of actual problems of child and adolescent psychiatry: epidemiological researches in the Republic of Belarus, introducing of the tools for psychological assessment of cognitive functions in early childhood; elaborating of the correction and prophylactic programs aimed at prevention of behavioral deviations, alcohol and drug dependence, “non-chemical” addictions such as gambling and “technological addictions” among adolescents;

5.

Identification of psychological and social-demographic factors influencing the indices of the quality of life of the patients suffered from mental disorders as well as chronic somatic diseases;

6.

Developing of innovative methods of diagnostics and prevention of suicidal and parasuicidal behavior.
P02-188 - Antecedents of Spiritual Distress Experienced by Iranian Muslim Patients: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Karimollahi M. , Abedi H.A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The World Health Organization (WHO) (1998) has proclaimed that the definition of health includes four Domains of well-being: physical, mental, social and spiritual. It is therefore suggested that nurses should prepare themselves to assist individuals and families, not only to cope with spiritual distress of illness and suffering but also to explore the meaning in these experiences. The purpose of this investigation is to explore the antecedents of spiritual distress experienced by Iranian Muslim patients in the context of Islam.

Methods

qualitative descriptive research was conducted using unstructured interviews with twenty-one patients and three relatives. The data analyzed using content analysis method.

Results

three main categories were found: failure in communication, non-holistic care and inability to worship

Conclusion

The results showed that the patient's spiritual well-being could be enhanced by communication, listening and giving information. Finally, it is clear that staff members have a great deal of responsibility for the patient's well-being, facilitating the relatives’ involvement based on their wishes and limiting the stress and difficulties experienced by the family.
P02-189 - Sharing the Wealth: a Collaborative Model of Mental Health Services
Authors: Kljenak D. , Rabin K. , Lackstrom J.
Published: June 2010

Current economic realities and funding challenges necessitate organizations to engage in creative solutions that meet ongoing and increasingly complex needs of the clients being served. The creation of the Toronto Urban Health Alliance (TUHA) is a collaborative partnership between six community health centres (CHC) and a hospital-based mental health program to maximize limited resources.

Objectives

1.

Understand the concept and benefits of a collaborative care model through a case based presentation

2.

Become familiar with best practices for the successful implementation and ongoing service delivery of collaborative mental health care

Aims

TUHA's aim is to improve access to mental health services and strengthen each Community Health Centres’ capacity to meet the mental health needs of its clients through a “shared care model”.

Methods

This case based presentation will illustrate the benefits and promising practices of implementing such a model

Results

A shared care model is generally utilized within a particular organization to foster collaborative work among multidisciplinary teams. The unique feature of TUHA is the partnership between six different community health centres and mental health specialists using a common set of principles and objectives to sustain and enhance the quality of service being offered in the community.

Conclusions

Reflections on a multi-site partnership in the delivery of a collaborative model within a large urban centre creates a platform to determine the possibility of replicating a similar model in other communities.
P02-191 - Efficacy of Melatonin in Treating Insomnia Associated with Behcet's Disease - Case Report
Authors: Kouroumalos N. , Korevi K. , Marketos N. , Sakkas D.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Study aims in describing a case of insomnia associated with Behcet's disease and responding to treatment with melatonin.

Method (case report)

Case concerns a 59-year-old female arriving at our outpatient ward complaining of insomnia. Her sleep pattern was disturbed in a way that she has been sleeping for about an hour daily for the last two years. The problem had started five years ago, her sleep progressively deteriorating with time. She also mentioned a feeling of exhaustion being present every day during the last year and lasting all day long, difficulty in concentrating in the performance of everyday activities and also a feeling of hopelessness affecting her daily mood. All of the above were progressing as insomnia was persisting. Her medical history was significant for Behcet's disease diagnosed about 20 years before and being treated with corticosteroids.

Results (treatment-outcome)

Initially patient was prescribed lorazepam at a dose of 2.5 mg and melatonin 5mg, both once daily before bedtime. After 10 days, patient has started responding, sleep having increased from 1 to 2.5 hours daily. At that time, dose of lorazepam was halved. After altogether 25 days, patient was sleeping for about 5 hours daily, lorazepam was stopped and melatonin was increased at 10mg before bedtime. By the end of the 3rd month and whilst making no further adjustments in medication, patient was sleeping for 6 to 6.5 hours per night.

Conclusions

Melatonin seemed effective in treating insomnia associated with Behcet's disease, arising either from disease itself or corticosteroid treatment.
P02-193 - Effectiveness of a Mental Health Training Programme for Social Agencies and Community Partners
Authors: Lee C.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The Community Mental Health Team (CMHT) in Singapore provides home-based psychosocial rehabilitation services for people with severe mental illness (SMI). Besides the direct clinical intervention to the patients and their caregivers, the multidisciplinary team also collaborates with social and non-governmental organizations in the community. It provides training, consultation and support to these agencies so as to strenghten their capability in the understanding and management of people with SMI.

Objectives and aims

Since the inception of CMHT in April 2007, it has networked with family service centres, non-governmental mental health service providers, police, religious groups and other community partners. CMHT provides 2 types of mental health training programmes - basic and skill-based mental health training. The former programme introduces the participants to common mental disorders and the clinical services of CMHT. The latter programme is customized for the community partners and would entail the management of violent, aggressive and suicidal behaviours encountered in the settings of the community partners.

Methods

Effectiveness of the training is assessed by a pre- and post survey of the participants. Satisfaction score were also obtained from the participants.

Results

Pre-knowledge of the participants were assessed to be of the range of 22.5% to 29.8%. This improves to 95.6 to 97.8 % after the training. At least 81 % of the participants were satisfied with the training.

Conclusions

It is important to train and engage social agencies and community partners so that people with SMI can experience a coordinated and seamless care in the community.
P02-194 - The Sang Bok Lee Neurocognitive Dream Orientations Scales for Screening Traumatic and PTSD-Related Dreams
Authors: Lee S.B.
Published: June 2010

Aim

The objective of this study was to differentiate ordinary dreams from traumatic and PTSD-related dreams, by using The Sang Bok Lee Neurocognitive Dream Orientation Scales assessing the narrative dream contents.

Methods

1248 dreams were collected from 416 Korean college students, Yongin, South Korea - 198 males (M age=20.46 years, SD=1.32) and 218 females (M age=20.17, SD=1.26). The collected dreams were evaluated to find traumatic and PTSD-related dreams by using The Sang Bok Lee Neurocognitive Dream Orientation Scales, designed by Sang Bok Lee. These scales particularly asked about the dreamers a series of cognitive orientations that cover location, person, event, the dreamer's perception and coping action in the dream narratives. The PTSD-related dreams were hypothesized as having (1) frequently recurrent, (2) unfamiliar, (3) unexpected and accidental, (4) emotionally dreadful or fearful, and (5) not actively coped by the dreamer.

Results

392 dreams (31%) of 1248 collected dreams were found as traumatic or very/extremely anxious dreams according to The Lee Anxiety Dream Scales (Mean=4.56). 36 dreams (0.9%) of 392 traumatic dreams were frequently recurrent and evaluated as PTSD-related. Strong positive correlation was found between 392 traumatic dreams and independent variables (unfamiliar: r=.85, p=0.0001; accidental: r=.82, p=0.0001; dreadful or fearful: r=.95, p=0.0001; not coped by the dreamer: r=.87, p=0.0001).

Conclusion

In this study, the traumatic and PTSD-related dreams were associated with unfamiliar, accidental, emotionally dreadful or fearful, not coped by the dreamer, and recurrent events.
P02-195 - Patient Outcome Expectancy from Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Lier H. , Biringer E. , Stubhaug B. , Eriksen H.R. , Tangen T.
Published: June 2010

Aim

The aim of the present study was to examine if patients’ expectancy after bariatric surgery was related to improvement of body appearance, health, physical fitness, or ability to work. Further, the relationship between psychiatric comorbid disorders and outcome expectancies after surgery was investigated.

Method

The study population consisted of 94 patients (F/M:74/20) age 22 to 62 years (mean 41.1, SD=10.2), with BMI from 33.4 to 64.7 kg/m2 (mean 44.9 kg/m2, SD=5.5). Psychiatric assessment was done prior to bariatric surgery, and included structured psychiatric interviews (M.I.N.I. International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis II disorders). The patients were asked to identify their most important expectancies after surgery.

Results

The overall prevalence of current psychiatric disorders was 47%, with Social Phobia (18%, n=17), Dysthymic Disorder (14%, n=13), and Avoidant Personality Disorder (17%, n=16) as the most common ones. Thirty-six percent (n=34) rated improvement of health, 34% (n=32) physical fitness, 22% (n=21) improvement of body appearance, and 7% (n=7) ability to work as their most important expectancy after surgery. Patients with psychiatric comorbidity rated significantly more frequent improvement in body appearance as their most preferred outcome than patients without psychiatric comorbidity (34%/ 12%, p= .01, chi-square test).

Conclusion

Patients with psychiatric disorders rated improvement in body appearance as their most preferred outcome after surgery more often than patients without psychiatric comorbidity. Future studies should examine whether patient expectations predict outcomes and satisfaction after surgery.
P02-198 - Teaching Medical Students Psychiatry ; One Teacher's Perspective
Authors: Agius M.
Published: June 2010

Background

Concern has been expressed about the number of medical students who are not choosing psychiatry as a career.

Aims/Objectives

We describe the methods used by one teacher to teach medical students psychiatry in a medical school in England.

Methods

The teacher describes methods which he has found worthwhile in teaching psychiatry.

Results

An important method is one to one working with a student and a patient during clinic. The student takes the patient's history and the teacher sits with him, intervening when necessary, thus making the environment ‘safe’.

Socratic questioning is frequently used in order to enable the student to think for himself.

Students are encouraged to take the opportunity of the attachment to carry out an audit or a piece of research or an in depth case report of their choice using literature searches or the database of patients and conditions held by the teacher's team. If successful, the student is helped by the teacher to publish the work in a pubmed journal or as a poster in a major conference.

Most important is debriefing students after seeing patients. Opportunity is taken to teach about Michael Balint's understanding of communication skills, and the value of the student's own personality in the doctor-patient relationship and the importance of this in aiding patients to recover from illness.

Conclusion

Experience is that these methods are appreciated by students. Students are likely to be influenced in their career choices by meeting doctors who can demonstrate that they value the student's own worth.
P02-204 - Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adulthood - are we Meeting the Needs?
Authors: Michel T. , Sheldrick A. , Habel U. , Schneider F.
Published: June 2010

Recent epidemiological studies report that Autism, or the so called “autism spectrum disorders” (ASD), have a prevalence of one percent. Increasingly, self-help groups as well as parent's initiatives have been complaining that specialist's services for diagnostics and therapy in adulthood are very limited. This study gives an overview about the situation of Specialists clinics for ASD diagnosis and interventions in University hospitals in Germany.

Methods

A questionnaire, which was sent to the 33 German University Hospitals, was evaluated. Furthermore, we have evaluated the demographic data and diagnosis of the patients that presented themself at the Specialists Service for adults with Autisms spectrum disorders at the RWTH Aachen University “Aachen Autism Clinic for Adults” (AACA) within the first 18 months after it has been established.

Results

At the time of the evaluation, only 9 University Hospitals offered a Specialists clinic for diagnostics and/or treatment for adults with ASD in Germany. A total number of 73 patients were seen at the Aachen Autism Clinic within the first 18 month after establishing this service.

Conclusion

There is still great need of Specialists services at University Hospitals in Germany for adults with ASD.
P02-224 - Telepsichiatric Consultation and Treatment for MOBBING VICTIMS
Authors: Stojakovic M. , Vukadinovic S. , Stojakovic B. , Trkulja D.
Published: June 2010

Aims

In this paper, we showed the experience, application and effect of various treatment models, including telepsychiatric conusltation use for MOBBING VICTIMS. Telepsychiatry, as a branch of telemedicine, may be defined as the delivery of psychiatric treatment remotely, using live two-way video-teleconferencing equipment.

Methods

Total sample data is 165 examinees, in the age of 18-65 years. They have been treated in Center for telepsychiatry in virtual psychiatry Ambulance for various psychiatric syndromes, all having the same denominator-mobbing, as ethiopathogenetic factor.

In the research, the following instruments were used: Questionnaire of socio-demographical, Telepsychiatric interview (with teleconsultation), Beck's scale for self-esteem of depression, Hamilton's scale for depression (HAM-D) and Hamilton's scale for anxiety (HAM-A).

Results

Upon evaluation, it was identified that major proportion of examinees shows

Mental health and psychiatric dignosis 105 (63,64%)

And other Diferent somatic diagnosis 57 (34,55%)

And only 3 (1,81%) without any diagnosis.

From 105 (63,64%) Mental health and psychiatric diagnosis 83 (79,04%) is with symptoms of depression (p< 0,01).

With treatment by telepsychiatry with teleconsultation 105 (63,64%) patients with psychiatric diagnosis after mobbing, result is 75 (71,42%) reduces consequences to mental health.

Conclusions

With treatment by telepsychiatry result is significantly reduces consequences to mental health for mobbing victims. These facts are best confirmed by measurement instruments used during this research. Analysis of results of research according to socio-demographical characteristics, time interval of mobbing exposure, used measurement instruments, diagnostic catagories and applied therapy measures, confirms the need for further research and treatment of mobbing victims.
P02-226 - On the Way to Recovery from Schizophrenia: Sharing Evaluation Tools and Experiences of Psychosocial Improvements Between Professionals and Families
Authors: Svettini A. ,   European Federation of Family Associations of People with Mental Illness
Published: June 2010

While psychopharmacotherapy for psychosis is effective in reducing symptoms, improving the patient’s overall functioning and re-integration into society becomes increasingly the key target of psychiatric care. The goal is now moving beyond symptom remission, towards the patient’s recovery in his personal, relational and vocational functioning (Liberman et al., 2002).

Measurement of psychopathologic dimensions of psychosis is common practice; on the contrary, the assessment of psychosocial functioning and its impairment is not so commonly used, even with the availability of valid instruments like the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) Scale (Morosini et al., 2000).

Even less importance has till now been given to what personal and social functioning actually means to patients and their families and why this is such an important treatment goal.

Aim of this study is to provide tangible examples of improvements in personal and social functioning, to facilitate greater understanding of its importance amongst a broad range of European audiences including carers, patients, healthcare professionals.

During an informal roundtable session at the EUFAMI congress in Vilnius, Lithuania (26-27.11. 2009), a group of carers from all over Europe will discuss how they define personal and social functioning, sharing a series of personal, real-life scenarios that demonstrate an improvement in personal and social functioning of people with severe mental illness.

Each scenario will focus on one of the four main domains of the PSP scale: self-care, socially useful activities, personal and social relationships, disturbing and aggressive behaviour.

Results from the roundtable will be collected and discussed.
P02-228 - Writers who Hate Psychiatrists
Authors: Torreblanca M. , Uriarte J.J.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Mental Health related stereotypes are very common in literature and cinema, with a great influence on public opinion and attitudes. In many cases, a message is transmitted that reinforces prejudice towards mental diseases and people who suffer them. Prejudice often affects mental health professionals, particularly psychiatrists, thus adding to a slanted, pejorative image of those professionals. Stieg Larsson's Millennium trilogy, and its main protagonists, Lisbeth Salander and Mikael Blomkist, have got an enormous popularity, becoming a literary hit almost without precedents. The saga's success has also been fueled by cinematographic superproductions based on the novels. To examine whether Millennium trilogy transmits negative messages about psychiatry and psychiatrists that can potentially influence public opinion and contribute to misconceptions and stigmatization of those mental health professionals.

Methods

Millenium characters related to mental health are analyzed, as well as the stereotypes transmitted by the novels, especially in the case of psychiatrists, represented by ominous Dr Teleborian.

Results

The potential of this successful trilogy for spreading negative misconceptions about Psychiatry and psychiatrists is discussed, as compared with the much more benevolent treatment of other general health and mental health professionals appearing in the novels.

Conclusions

Literature and cinema have a strong impact on public opinion, can potentially have the effect of increasing stigma and may also contribute to creating a distorted image of mental illness, psychiatry and psychiatrists.
P02-232 - Social Network Addiction : a New Clinical Disorder?
Authors: Karaiskos D. , Tzavellas E. , Balta G. , Paparrigopoulos T.
Published: June 2010

Background

Internet addiction disorder is excessive computer use that interferes with daily life. There is debate over whether or not to include it as a diagnosis in the next DSM edition.

We present a case of a 24-year-old woman who although not meeting criteria for addiction was referred to our clinic due to excessive use of social networks which severely interfered her daily life.

Case report

A woman presented to our clinic accompanied by her parents because she had been spending approximately 5 hours/day checking her facebook webpage. She had subscribed to facebook 8 months before her examination and already had over 400 webfriends. During the previous 7 months, she ceased several of her activities, remained home most of the day in order to check her facebook and lost her job as a waitress because she repeatedly left her post in order to go to the nearest internet café. Noteworthy, during her examination she took out her mobile phone and tried to establish an internet connection and check facebook. On clinical examination mild anxiety, sleep disturbances were present, but she refused any further psychotherapeutic or pharmacotherapeutic help.

Discussion

According to the prevailing view regarding addiction, facebook addiction can be considered as an “urge-driven disorder” with a strong compulsive component. Although our patient had been using internet for the past 7 years she had never been previously addicted to internet use. We suggest that facebook addiction may be another subcategory of the internet spectrum addiction disorders.