bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conservation of bibliographic collections using gamma ionization – paradigm for cultural collections professionals
Authors: Brito Susyleide G. , Oliveira Maria José A. , Salvador Pablo Antonio Vásquez
Published: February 2025

The preservation of cultural assets, especially bibliographic collections, requires the dissemination of the gamma ionization technique, which is mainly used for the decontamination and sterilization of these materials. The procedure, which is used to preserve library collections in Brazil and other countries, is also used to preserve documents and art collections, being safe to handle, after ionization, once it leaves no residue behind. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge and identify behavioral aspects related to gamma ionization and its application in decontaminating collections. The target audience was a group of professionals who work with cultural assets in Pernambuco and other states. Two questionnaires were used, obtaining 39 and 105 respondents respectively, characterizing the participants and their knowledge of gamma ionization. The research was qualitative and quantitative, of a phenomenological nature. For the analysis, questions were grouped into thematic blocks, characterizing the participants, finding out “knowledge of gamma ionization itself” – with both knowledge and ignorance of the concept and application of the technique – and also collecting from participants their feelings, opinions and positions on various aspects of the application of gamma ionization. Finally, means and personal sources of obtaining information were specified, dealing with sharing of information.
Modern Anthropogenic Hydrosphere of Ukraine
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia, Denysyk Hr. I. , Yatsentiuk Yu. V. ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia, Denysyk B. Hr. ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia, Chyzh O. P. ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia, Voina I. M. ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Vinnytsia
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to analyze the formation and current state of the anthropogenic hydrosphere of Ukraine with a view to its rational use. Utilized methods include field research, literary-cartographic, collecting and processing statistical information, theoretical generalization and systematization of facts, and GIS technologies. It is shown that active anthropogenization from the Upper Palaeolithic until now has led to the replacement of the natural hydrosphere of Ukraine by the anthropogenic one. Various types of soil melioration and the formation of irrigation, drainage, and irrigation-drainage systems facilitated this process. The construction of numerous reservoirs (1,054) and ponds (49,440), derived reservoirs, and surface and underground water objects added to the problem. The processes of anthropogenization of the natural hydrosphere of Ukraine are examined in more detail, drawing on the example of small (the Silnytsia), medium-sized (the Trubizh), and large (the Pivdennyi Buh and the Dnipro) rivers. It was noted that overloading reservoirs, ponds, and melioration systems of most small and medium-sized rivers have completely lost their natural properties and features. In part, this also applies to large rivers, particularly the Dnipro. Only a 30–40 km long section of the river and its floodplains retained their natural state. Reservoirs account for the rest of its sections. They form an aqua-marsh area with Europe’s largest complex of hydraulic engineering structures. Despite this, landscape scientists and hydrologists continue to study rivers, reservoirs, ponds and, in part, canals individually. The novelty of the research consists of revealing the spatial-temporal features of the transformation of the natural hydrosphere of Ukraine into an anthropogenic one, as well as a thorough analysis of its current state.
Assessment of the Hydromorphological State of the Irpin Basin Rivers After the Influence of Military Actions
Authors:   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ivanova N. O. , Dubniak S. S. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Nezbrytska I. M. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Lietytska O. M. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Pohorielova M. S. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Prychepa M. V. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zorina-Sakharova K. Ye. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Afanasyev S. O. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to conduct a hydromorphological assessment of the main types of surface water bodies (SWB) in the Irpin River basin and to determine the degree of change in the hydromorphological characteristics of water bodies in the areas affected by the war. The assessment was carried out based on the analysis of the results of expeditionary research in 2023–2024 using stock, literary, cartographic data, and space photographs according to the “Methodology of hydromorphological monitoring of surface water bodies of the categories ‘Rivers’ and ‘Lake’ adopted in Ukraine” (2019) and from considering the practice of conducting similar studies on other river basins in Ukraine and the EU. It was established that the studied areas belong to the I–IV class of hydromorphological condition; in particular, the II–III class prevails on small rivers, both I–II and IV classes are observed on medium ones, and large ones (the Irpin River in the lower and middle reaches) I–IV class with a slight predominance of II class. The main factors affecting the deterioration of the hydromorphological state are the regulation of flow by ponds and reservoirs, morphological changes in the riverbed and coastal zone, reclamation of hydrotechnical structures, and using floodplains for economic needs. Hydromorphological indicators before and after the impact of military operations were determined to assess the degree of impact of military operations. Changes in the HM condition were established in the destruction and subsequent restoration of bridges and hydraulic structures. The estuary of the Irpin River, where the HM class changed from II to IV, suffered the greatest military impact. Based on cluster analysis, groups of sites with similar hydromorphological conditions and the degree of military influence were selected. Differences in the HM condition in the main morphological zones of rivers—riverbed, coastal zone, and floodplain were evaluated.
Geographical Preconditions and Factors of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict
Authors:   Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Mozghovyi A. A.
Published: February 2025

The article studies the geographical prerequisites and factors of the long-term Russia-Ukraine conflict. The Russia-Ukraine confrontation has been going on in Eastern Europe for several hundred years and has now acquired the existential character of a genocidal war. The modern Russia-Ukraine war, which began in 2014, is considered in this study as one of the stages of a long and multi-level confrontation. In the author’s opinion, this long-running conflict is close to the point of the most complete involvement of resources by the parties to the conflict, that is, maximum escalation. This study aims to determine the role of geographical factors in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. The main result of this geoconflictological study is to determine the influence of geographical prerequisites and geographical factors on the course of the long-term and multi-level Russia-Ukraine conflict. In particular, it was established that the deep contradictions underlying this conflict were laid down at the pre-conflict stage. The role of the geographical location of the subjects of the Russia-Ukraine conflict is also determined. The author emphasizes the significant importance of distance in Russia-Ukraine relations. In particular, the role of these factors in creating the contradictions that formed the subject of this long-term and multi-level conflict is determined. The influence of geospatial, historical-geographical, and political-geographical factors on the overall course of this conflict is analyzed. This article, for the first time, defines the role and significance of geographical prerequisites and factors in the Russia-Ukraine conflict from the research standpoint of geoconflictology.
Spatial Manifestation of Migration Flows of Internally Displaced Persons in Ukraine
Authors:   Chernivtsi Yuriy Fedkovych National University, Chernivtsi, Dzhaman V. O. , Dzhaman Ya. V. ,   Chernivtsi Yuriy Fedkovych National University, Chernivtsi
Published: February 2025

The problem of occurrence and legal regulation in Ukraine of “internally displaced persons” (IDP) due to Russian aggression against Ukraine has been considered. The scope and particularities of the dynamics of the number of IDPs in Ukrainian regions were analyzed. The question of IDP’s social safety net is raised. First IDPs appeared in Ukraine with the beginning of Russian war aggression in 2014 and active hostility, resulting in the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the City of Sevastopol and the temporary occupation of part of the territory of Luhansk Region and Donetsk regions. Legal regulation for this category of people required the adoption of such legal instruments as the Cabinet of Ministers, Ukraine, Resolution on “Registration of Internally Displaced Persons,” and Safeguards for the Rights and Freedoms of Internally Displaced Persons Act, Ukraine. In the first period (hybrid war), most IDPs migrated within small distances. Displacements were intro-oblast, or those to oblasts that neighbored temporarily occupied territories: the Donetsk and the Luhansk oblasts had concentrated 54.4% of all IDPs; the oblasts that directly neighbored the temporarily occupied territories and the ATO zone (first-order neighbors: Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson) saw 19.0% IDPs; second-order neighbors took 7.5% of forced migrants; Kyiv and Kyiv Oblast were the most attractive territories among all oblasts distant from temporarily occupied territories and the ATO zone (15.7%); the least number of IDPs moved to the most distant western regions of Ukraine. There were 1.4592 million internally displaced persons who registered in said quality as of the beginning of 2021. The full-scale war had caused mass displacements in Ukraine to significant distances. It was 10.1 million Ukrainians who became forced migrants in the first month of the war, inclusive of nearly 6.5 million IDPs. The total number of registered internally displaced persons had become stable in 2023 at 3.5–3.7 million people. The mid-2024 showed the figure of 3.3147 million IDPs. Spatial differences in IDP settlement and dynamics in Ukraine have been established depending on the geography of hostilities, closeness to temporarily occupied territories, and distance from the borderline with the Russian Federation and Belarus. New settlement areas are outlined as follows: south-western, central, northern, capital, north-eastern, eastern, and southern.
Сучасна класифікація систем наддуву паливних баків ракетних двигунів
Authors: Mitikov Yurii , Leshchenko Vladyslav
Published: February 2025

Системи наддування паливних баків ракетних рушійних установок є найбільш наукомісткими і дорогими частинами ракет-носіїв після рідинних ракетних двигунів. Вперше зроблено спробу створити сучасну класифікацію систем наддування паливних баків ракетних рушійних установок. Класифікація проведена за основними ознаками. Вони також були вперше визначені. Було виділено чотири ознаки. Це принцип забезпечення і підтримання потрібного тиску газу в баку. Вперше показано, що їх може бути щонайменше два. Перший шлях – введення у вільний обсяг бака теплової енергії (за допомогою електричної енергії). Другий – традиційний, введенням робочого тіла наддування. Друга ознака – це температура робочого тіла наддування на вході в бак. Розглянуто весь відомийдіапазон можливих температур газу на вході в баки від надхолодних (реалізованих) до надгарячих (теоретично обґрунтованих). Третя ознака - способи отримання (зберігання) робочого тіла наддування на борту ракет-носіїв. Саме ця ознакав першу чергу характеризує конструктивні особливості систем, їх характеристики, обмеження на основні параметри, логістику, архітектуру ракет-носіїв і космодрому. Четверта ознака - род газу наддування. Це як чисті гази – азот, кисень, гелій, так і найрізноманітніші суміші – продукти згоряння рідинних та твердопаливних газогенераторів, стисле повітря, пари чотирьох окису азоту, метану, продукти розкладання перекису водню, НДМГ, аміаку. Вони також суттєво впливають на вагове зведення, конструкцію систем наддування, інтенсивність та спрямованість внутрішньобакових процесів, архітектуру та складність ракет-носіїв, космодрому і логістики. Розглядаються системи, які працюють перед стартом на землі і на активної ділянці польоту. Наведені приклади використання найбільш застосовуваних систем наддуванняу поєднанні зі схемами роботи двигунів. Підкреслено сильні та слабкі сторони розглянутих систем наддування, раціональні сфери їх застосування. Намічені шляхи подальшого вдосконалення систем наддування. Це в першу чергу,оптимізація цих систем для багаторазового використання перших ступенів ракет-носіїв.
Identification of heat loads on space objects re-entering thee Earth's atmosphere using machine learning methods
Authors: Strembovskyi Volodymyr , Dreus Andrii
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the problem of predicting thermal loads on space objects during reentry.The intensive development of near-Earth space leads to a steady increase in the number of artificial non-functional space objects in Earth orbit, which requires the search for effective methods of space debris removal.Some active and combined methods of space debris removal provide for the possibility of controlling the parameters of re-entry and the impact on the thermal regime of the object.Predicting the amount of heat is important for determining the effectiveness of thermal destruction of an object.The purpose of this work is to assess the possibility of using modern artificial intelligence methods to determine the amount of heat received by a space object while moving in the atmosphere.To solve this task, three popular machine learning algorithms were applied:Support Vector Regression (SVR), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Decision Tree Regression (DTR).Based on a dataset that includes information on entry time, altitude, speed, and air density, machine learning models were trained and compared.Metrics were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy: , mean absolute percentage error, and root mean square error.The results of the study showed that MLP and DTR algorithms demonstrated high forecasting accuracy.MLP and DTR models can be effectively used to predict thermal loads on space objects.In the future, the results obtained can be the basis for creating an effective tool for predicting head load on a space object.
Сегменти з функціями спостереження орбітальних обєктів і звязку у складі інтегрованої супутникової системи
Authors: Labutkina Tetiana , Akinshev Oleksandr
Published: February 2025

Тематика статті знаходиться на стику трьох науково-практичних напрямків, які є важливими складовими у розвитку космічної діяльності: підтримання в актуальному стані інформації про множину об’єктів на навколоземних орбітах; застосування в космосі мережних інформаційних технологій; створення супутникових систем за принципом багатофункціональності, реалізація інтеграції функцій в рамках однієї супутникової системи, поєднання супутникових систем різного призначення у єдину функціонально інтегровану систему. В статті запропонований підхід до побудови різновисоких сегментів з функціями зв’язку і спостереження орбітальних об’єктів, які входять до складу функціонально інтегрованої супутникової системи на різновисоких орбітальних угрупованнях. При цьому функція зв’язку представлена як базова-допоміжна для реалізації цільової функції спостереження орбітальних об’єктів (як «платформна» функція системи), так і як цільова функція системи (яка є одною з цільових функцій системи). Стаття розділена на дві частини. В першій частині статті запропоновані два концептуальних рішення з побудови орбітальних сегментів інтегрованої супутникової системи, в яких реалізована функція спостереження орбітальних об’єктові. За першою концепцією сегмент спостереження орбітальних об’єктів містить тільки космічні апарати-спостерігачі, які реалізують функції зв’язку і спостереження. За другою концепцією до сегменту спостереження входять також космічні апарати зв’язку, які розвантажують космічні апарати-спостерігачі від встановлення бокових зв’язків в одному сегментів і від реалізації міжсегментних зв’язків. Друга частина статті присвячена розробці підходів до порівняння характеристик функціонування системи при різних концептуальних проектних рішеннях. В структурі системи виділені однотипні елементарні структурні одиниці (комунікаційні групи), які забезпечують комунікацію функціональних одиниць системи, представлених космічними апаратами-спостерігачами або функціональними парами космічних апаратів спостерігачів.Показники функціонування системи, розраховані для комунікаційної групи, прийнятні для характеристики всіх груп такого виду в системі і характеризують систему в цілому. Отримані результати числових розрахунків, які представляють результати порівняльного аналізу застосування двох запропонованих концептуальних рішень. В даній публікації представлена перша частина статті.
Аналіз тенденції розвитку космічної галузі і надійності надання пускових послуг
Authors: Polosmak Oleksandr , Grebenkina Olena , Kulabukhov Anatolii
Published: February 2025

Важливим завданням після створення супутника є його запуск за допомогою ракети-носія (РН). Організація запуску космічних апаратів (КА) це дуже не простий процес, який містить вирішення декілька таких важливих питань, як отримання ліцензії на частотні діапазони, вибір постачальника пускових послуг, забезпечення вимог до КА на РН. Важливим також є питання, які пов’язані з місією КА і наскільки ця місія збігається з тенденціями розвитку космічної галузі. Безумовно важливим є питання вартості цих послуг і їх надійності. Мета роботи – проведення аналітичного огляду тенденцій розвитку космічної галузі, постачальників пускових послуг і оцінка надійності надання цих послуг. Основні завдання досліджень:аналітичний огляд тенденції розвитку пускових послуг і напрямків розвитку місій КА; визначення завдань організації запуску КА; оцінка надійності пускових послуг. Велике значення має місія, з якою запускаються КА. Саме місія визначає вибір орбіт, термін активного існування,способи утилізації після закінчення терміну активного існування. Проведений аналіз показує, що найбільш перспективними і поширеними є супутники зв’язку і ДЗЗ, які мають подвійне значення. На основі статистичних даних проведена оцінка надійності надання пускових послуг. Визначено, що пускові послуги, які надаються основними постачальниками, мають високу надійність (близько 99%), а серед постачальників на даний момент, враховуючи доступність (кількість запусків) і надійність (100% в 2023 р.), є РН Falcon 9. Проведений аналіз вартості пускових послуг дозволив оцінити попередні витрати на запуск КА в залежності від його маси і постачальника пускових послуг. Отримані рекомендації до створення нових перспективних КА, які можна використовувати на стадії проєктування.
Guia de Pesquisa em História da Imprensa
Authors: Sabina Wermeier Krilow Letícia
Published: February 2025

Desde o final de primeira década do século XXI, observa-se um processo de democratização do acesso a fontes históricas por meio da digitalização e disponibilização em ambiente virtual de milhões de documentos, entre, em destaque está a imprensa. Entretanto, esse movimento não foi acompanhado por dicussões consistentes sobre como metodológicamente deve-se tratar tal profussão documental. Neste sentido, o presente livro objetiva ser um guia metodológico para os mais diferentes tipos de pesquisadores que desejam utilizar a imprensa como fonte e/ou objeto na pesquisa histórica. Um esforço lícito especialmente para reafirmar a especificidade da História e da escrita da História em relação a outros tipos de produções que se utilizam do passado.
Report zur Cyberattacke an der HAW Hamburg
Authors: Jeorgakopulos Dr. Katharina
Published: February 2025

Im digitalen Zeitalter sind Cyberangriffe zu einer signifikanten Bedrohung geworden, auch für Bildungseinrichtungen und Hochschulen. Anfang 2023 wird auch die HAW Hamburg Opfer eines Cyberangriffs. Auf Basis von Interviews mit Entscheider*innen der Hochschule dokumentiert der Report sowohl das Einbruchsszenario und die Hackermethode, den Ablauf der internen wie externen Kommunikation, sowie die Chronologie der Wiederherstellung der Systeme bis heute und beschreibt zusammenfassend die psychischen Auswirkungen auf Mitarbeitende, Studierende und Lehrende.
Shake It Up: Ein Konzept zur Sammlung und Erschließung von Taylor-Swift-Musikvideos
Authors: Heigus Alisha , Mahn Kathrin
Published: February 2025

Dieser Artikel dokumentiert die Entstehung eines Sammlungs- und Erschließungskonzeptes sowie die Modellierung einer dazugehörigen Datenbank für eine Sammlung von Taylor-Swift-Musikvideos. Die Sammlung richtet sich dabei an neue Fans der Künstlerin, langjährige Fans sowie an Musikinteressierte und ermöglicht den genannten Gruppen einen vereinfachten Zugang zum Sammlungsobjekt durch das Filtern nach Informationen wie das Musikgenre, behandelte Themen und Mitwirkende. Unterstützt werden die Zielgruppen dabei durch eine Facettenklassifikation und Schlagwörter sowie durch einen Thesaurus, welcher unklare Begriffe erklärt. Die dazugehörige Datenbank enthält alle nötigen Informationen und unterstützt die Zielgruppen ebenfalls, einen einfachen Zugang zum Sammlungsobjekt zu erhalten.
Hallgatni arany, beszélni ezüst – A szervezeti véleménynyilvánítás és hallgatás viszonyrendszerének feltárása
Authors: Buzás Barnabás , Faragó Klára
Published: February 2025

Háttér és célkitűzések: Az utóbbi években élénk vita folyik arról, hogy a szervezeti véleménynyilvánítás, illetve a hallgatás egymás ellentétei, vagy különálló konstruktumok-e. Több érv szól az utóbbi nézet mellett, például a köztük lévő kismértékű korreláció vagy az, hogy a különböző tényezők gyakran nem ellentétes hatást gyakorolnak a véleménynyilvánításra és a hallgatásra. Korábbi kutatásunkban mi is azt tapasztaltuk, hogy a véleménynyilvánítás motivációs bázisának ismeretéből nem következtethetünk a hallgatás motivációira. Ezért egy véleménynyilvánítást és hallgatást is integráló közös modellel további érveket kerestünk a fenti álláspont mellett. Módszer: Keresztmetszeti kutatást végeztünk kérdőíves módszerrel. Az 577 kitöltő (358 nő, 218 férfi) válaszait látens változó modellezéssel vizsgáltuk. Modellünk fő változói a fejlesztő és figyelmeztető véleménynyilvánítás, illetve a defenzív és normatív hallgatás. Megvizsgáltuk a pszichológiai biztonság, a változási készenlét és a karrierrel való elégedettség prediktív hatását a véleménynyilvánításra és a hallgatásra. Eredmények: A pszichológiai biztonságnak aszimmetrikus prediktív hatása van. A hallgatási faktorokat erősen és negatívan jósolja be, míg a véleménynyilvánítási faktorok esetében pozitív, de kisebb mértékű a hatása. A változási készenlét viszont fontosabb szerepet játszik a véleménynyilvánítás megjelenésében, mint a hallgatáséban. A karrierrel való elégedettség gyenge prediktor, amely a fejlesztő véleménynyilvánításra pozitívan, míg a normatív hallgatásra negatívan hat. Következtetések: Összetett képet kaptunk a véleménynyilvánítás és a hallgatás viszonyáról. A pszichológiai biztonság és a változási készenlét aszimmetrikus hatása azt az érvelést erősítik, miszerint a véleménynyilvánítás és a hallgatás eltérő konstruktumok. Ennek fontos gyakorlati következménye is van, hiszen az egyoldalúan a véleménynyilvánításra serkentő szervezeti intézkedések nem feltétlenül ösztönzik a dolgozókat a hallgatás feladására is.
Song for Someone: The Musical Life of Kenny Wheeler
Authors: Shaw Brian , Smart Nick
Published: February 2025

Trumpeter and composer Kenny Wheeler (1930–2014) was one of the most enigmatic and influential musicians in recent memory. His instantly recognisable sound was a driving force within every major innovation in modern European jazz during the last half of the 20th century.

More importantly, his life provides us with a profound example of the way music can manifest itself in the most unlikely of vessels. As a lonely and shy teenager in Canada, he sought refuge from his difficult home life in the friendships he forged through a mutual love of bebop. After an unexpectedly bold move to London at the age of 22, he struggled with his confidence for years before making his first big break with the John Dankworth Orchestra. Kenny would soon find his voice in a triumvirate of musical communities: straight-ahead jazz, the burgeoning free scene, and in the busy recording studios.

Throughout his life, he constantly pursued personal growth while investing in his friends from every corner of the music business who would bring the inimitable beauty, precision, and chaos in his compositions to life. And in an artform where individuality represents the highest level of expression, Kenny was peerless. Indeed, few jazz artists of any era developed such a fingerprint in one area, let alone becoming immediately identifiable as virtuoso instrumentalists, improvisors, and composers.

Kenny Wheeler’s life is a compelling – and fundamentally human – story. This book brings together over 130 original interviews and new archival and biographical research on Wheeler’s life and music, chronicling his journey from small town Canada to international acclaim. It is as much a perspective on the history and development of jazz in Britain and Europe as it is the extraordinary tale of this improbable pioneer.
The Future and Foundation of the 'Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture'
Authors: Taylor Bron
Published: February 2025

A paramount responsibility of any scholar is to acknowledge the contributions of others to their own work. As I step back from my role as the long-term Editor in Chief of the Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture, who founded our journal and led the effort to create the scholarly society with which it is affiliated, it is time to do that, as well as to say something about what we have accomplished.
High sensitivity immunochromatography based on concentrating analytes by conjugates of antibodies and stabilized magnetic particles
Authors:   Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Taranova N. A. , Bulanaya A.A. ,   Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Zherdev A.V. ,   Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Dzantiev B.B. ,   Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry
Published: February 2025

Magnetic particles (MPs) with antibodies immobilized on their surface are an effective component of analytical systems, providing selective binding of controlled compounds from large volumes of samples, simple and rapid concentration using applied external magnetic field, and subsequent highly sensitive detection. However, analytical use of MPs requires coating their surface for eliminating particle aggregation and non-specific interactions with sample components. The article presents the results of a study that included synthesis, modification of MPs and their application in immunochromatographic test systems. MPs were prepared by reducing a mixture of iron (II) and (III) chlorides with ammonia under various conditions. Oleic acid, tetraethoxysilane and its mixture with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane were used as surface stabilizers. Temperature and pH of the reaction medium, the ratio of MPs and stabilizers, the duration of ultrasonic treatment and subsequent incubation of the reagents were varied and 20 samples of surface-modified MPs were prepared. Size and colloidal stability of the samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Selected MPs were adsorptionally conjugated with antibodies to various low-molecular substances (antibiotics, hormonally active compounds) and the resulting conjugates were used to concentrate analytes from different sample volumes. Immunochromatographic test systems that use resuspended complexes (MP – antibodies – analyte) were developed. The proposed immunomagnetic concentration reduced the minimum detectable concentrations of analytes by up to 20 times compare to traditional immunochromatography (tetracycline control, detection limit 1.5 ng/ml). The method combines three rapid stages – analyte binding (2 min), magnetic separation (2 min) and immunochromatography (from 7 min), allowing testing without the use of stationary equipment and with the possibility of visual assessment of the results.
Unprecedented April-May 2024 rainfall in South Brazil sets new record
Authors: Collischonn Walter , Brêda João Paulo Lyra Fialho , Wongchuig Sly , Ruhoff Anderson , Paiva Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de , Fan Fernando Mainardi , Machado Filho Rafael Cabeleira de Coronel , Ramalho Nicole
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT This technical note presents a comparative analysis between the heavy rainfall that occurred in Rio Grande do Sul, between April and May 2024, with the heaviest rainfall events ever observed in Brazil, between 1961 and 2022. The comparative analysis was performed using the Depth Area Duration technique, suitable for the analysis of heavy rainfall on a large spatial and temporal scale. We concluded that following our analysis, the rainfall that occurred in Rio Grande do Sul largely exceeded the most intense large-scale precipitation events historically observed in Brazil, from 1961 to 2022, at least for areas from 2,000 to 100,000 km2 and rainfall durations of 3 to 14 days. In some cases (3-day rainfall in 10,000 km2) the 2024 rainfall was 47% higher than the previous record rainfall. Considering that we cannot rule out that similar events occur in any other basin, at least in South Brazil, it may be necessary to review the original design and operation rules of high-risk hydraulic structures and flood defense systems throughout the Southern region of the country.
Investigation on the installation and monotonic uplift performance of bucket foundation in clay
Authors: Han Congcong , Li Kai , Liu Jun
Published: February 2025

Bucket foundations are usually used as foundations to support offshore wind turbines or anchors to secure floating platforms. Although many researchers have investigated the performance of the bucket foundation in sand and clay, there still exist uncertainties associated with the installation and monotonic uplift of the bucket foundation in clay. First, the effect of chamfer on the bearing capacity of the skirt and the soil plug heave during installation is unclear. Second, there is a lack of study on the effect of overloading during installation on the mobilisation of the suction during monotonic uplift. The present study conducts physical model tests and finite element analyses to simulate the installation and vertical uplift of the bucket foundation, aiming at quantitatively addressing the above uncertainties. Results from model tests and numerical simulations indicate that the skirt with external chamfer increases the bearing capacity factor during installation while significantly reducing the soil plug heave. The overloading during installation facilitates the full mobilisation of the suction, ensuring the suction to maintain for a large uplift displacement.
Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates radiation enteritis by modulating gut microbiota and metabolite profiles
Authors: Ding Qin , Xue Jing , Li Nan , Hu Zhihui , Song Jianbo
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the safety and underlying mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in treating radiation enteritis (RE). A rat model of RE was established with six groups: NC, RT, H-FMT, modified FMT (M-FMT), L-FMT, and BTAC. The therapeutic effects of FMT were assessed using the Disease Activity Index (DAI), histological analysis, and biochemical tests, including ink-propelling, xylitol exclusion, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gut microbiota alterations and fecal metabolism were analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics. The results demonstrated that FMT, particularly in the M-FMT group, effectively alleviated RE by reducing DAI scores, histological damage, and inflammatory markers while enhancing enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and intestinal absorption. FMT also modulated gut microbiota composition, increasing beneficial species, such as Blautia wexlerae and Romboutsia timonensis while decreasing Enterococcus ratti. Metabolomics analysis revealed that FMT influenced niacin, nicotinamide, and starch metabolism, with notable changes in pantothenic acid and fatty acid levels. Spearman correlation analysis further indicated that these microbial shifts were associated with improved metabolic profiles. Overall, FMT mitigates RE by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites, with pantothenic acid and fatty acids emerging as potential therapeutic targets. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms in greater detail.
Study of Matrix Units of the Group algebras 𝐾𝐺𝑟and 𝐾𝑆𝐺𝑟
Authors:   Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics, University of Madras, Chennai, 600005, Tamil Nadu, India, Tamilselvi A , Hepsi D
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The purpose of this work is to study 𝑝-Bratteli diagrams arising from a class of group algebras 𝐾𝐺𝑟 and 𝐾𝑆𝐺𝑟 for every odd prime 𝑝, to define the irreducible representations using mutually orthogonal primitive idempotents and to index the complete set of irreducible representations for the group algebras 𝐾𝐺𝑟 and 𝐾𝑆𝐺𝑟. Method: We use primitive idempotents to define irreducible representations and systematically index the irreducible representations to establish vertices for the 𝑝-Bratteli diagram. Also, we compute the matrix units using the orthogonal primitive idempotents of the group algebras 𝐾𝐺𝑟 and 𝐾𝑆𝐺𝑟. Findings: The complete set of irreducible representations for the group algebras 𝐾𝐺𝑟 and 𝐾𝑆𝐺𝑟 has been successfully indexed, and matrix units for the group algebras 𝐾𝐺𝑟 and 𝐾𝑆𝐺𝑟 were determined using the orthogonal primitive idempotents. Novelty: This work provides a structured approach to constructing 𝑝-Bratteli diagrams for the group algebras related to odd primes, contributing new insights into their irreducible representations and matrix unit’s structures. Keywords: Primitive idempotent; Irreducible representation; Matrix units; Young diagram; Bratteli diagram
On the post-COVID syndrome pathogenesis
Authors: Klimov Nikolay , Simbirtsev Andrey
Published: February 2025

In 2023, the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was declared over by the WHO. Apparently, coronavirus infection has become a seasonal respiratory viral infection. Among the problems remaining after the end of the pandemic, one of the leading places is occupied by post-Covid syndrome - a condition associated with the persistence of symptoms of COVID-19 or the reappearance of symptoms 3 months after the illness. Most common post-Covid syndrome features are: immune dysregulation, viral persistence, continued systemic inflammation, autoimmune dysorders, tromboses and endothelial damage, myocarditis, ischemic cardial disease, lung fibrosis. These different organ dysfunctions are accompanied by neurological complications. Precise post-Covid syndrome pathophysiological mechanisms are to be discovered. The review addresses issues of symptoms and pathogenesis of post-Covid syndrome.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Sá Luiz Fernando Ferreira , Monte-Alto Rômulo , Cordeiro Marcos Rogério
Published: February 2025

Literatura e Filosofia. A partir desse encontro, foi organizada em 2008 uma Jornada em homenagem a Jacques Derrida, a qual também comemorava os dez anos de atividades ininterruptas do Programa de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão “A Tela e o Texto”. Embora tenha funcionado como um produtivo espaço de discussão, a Jornada Jacques Derrida: atos de leitura, literatura e democracia não esgotou, evidentemente, as questões geradas pelo encontro da literatura com o pensamento derridiano. Contudo, o evento produziu alguns efeitos significativos que foram reunidos em livro publicado em 2009 sob o título Jacques Derrida: atos de leitura, literatura e democracia, com a organização de Maria Antonieta Pereira e Luiz Fernando Ferreira Sá, edição A tela e o texto/Fale e apoio Capes. O volume 14 da Em Tese se dedica, parcialmente, a registrar e difundir o segundo volume de textos apresentados na referida Jornad
Beyond the burr
Authors:   , Thayer Gabriel , Deutsch Jonathan Michael , Nicholas Diana S.
Published: February 2025

Kitchen knives have remained essentially unchanged since the Industrial Revolution. In recent decades, other kitchen tools have experienced varying degrees of innovation as technology and materials have advanced. Despite this progress, kitchen knife design and materials have remained static, lacking meaningful innovation. By contrast, other everyday tools, such as telephones, automobiles, and household appliances, have evolved dramatically over the past century. So why have kitchen knives, despite their importance as essential everyday tools, remained virtually unchanged? I hypothesize that this lack of innovation stems from the marketing strategies employed by modern industry leaders in the culinary space. Through empirical research, industry engagement, and exploratory prototyping, this thesis explores how pseudo-scientific marketing language is often used to describe outdated materials and manufacturing processes, creating the illusion of innovation. Although this strategy is misleading and unethical, it has proven effective in the marketplace. Consumers frequently believe they are purchasing high-quality, stylish, long-lasting, and good-value kitchen products. However, my market research has revealed that most popular knife sets rely on outdated steel, obsolete designs, and poor-quality materials. Modern knife sets often include an excess of tools to create perceived value, rather than delivering genuine material value. This approach results in a surplus of low-quality knives and tools that go unused and eventually end up in landfills, perpetuating a cycle of engineered obsolescence. This project uses a multi-method research approach--including customer discovery interviews, live product testing, and an IRB-approved survey--to better understand consumer purchasing and usage habits for cutlery and kitchen tools. The IRB approval ensures that all research practices adhere to the highest ethical standards. This thesis has three main goals. First, to substantiate my hypothesis through rigorous research. Second, to design and develop an innovative, long-lasting, high-quality, and sustainable knife set along with an accompanying storage solution. These products will be informed by consumer needs uncovered through human-centered engagement. Finally, to create a realistic and ethical business model and brand strategy to support these products. This approach aims to challenge the current market model--a system that thrives on unethical practices, produces antiquated products, and perpetuates engineered obsolescence.
The impact of television streaming profit strategies on subscriber growth, loss and retention
Authors:   , Eaton Deanna , McHugh Michelle
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the influence of profit-driven initiatives in television streaming on consumer attitudes and behaviors, particularly regarding consumer acquisition, retention, and loss. Drawing on industry reports and consumer feedback, it explores the evolution of the television streaming market and the shift towards profitability-focused strategies. The findings offer insights into the effects of these strategies on consumer experience and engagement, highlighting the broader implications for both consumers and the industry.
Implications of PSGL-1 expression in dendritic cells and their role in CD8⁺ T cell activation
Authors:   , Hausman Katherine Rose , Hope Jennifer L
Published: February 2025

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is a cell adhesion molecule expressed by most immune cells, and is known to be involved in immune cell regulation. In the context of chronic activation, PSGL-1 has also been shown to drive T cell exhaustion. Dendritic cells, professional antigen-presenting cells and key initiators of adaptive immunity, play a critical role in shaping anti-tumor responses by activating T cells. However, the potential impact of PSGL-1 on these cells remains largely unexplored, despite the well-established importance of antigen-presenting cell-T cell interactions in facilitating a complete immune response. Given that PSGL-1 drives dendritic cells towards a tolerogenic state, we hypothesized that its expression or signaling in dendritic cells may attenuate CD8⁺ T cell activation. Using a PSGL-1^(-/-) mouse model, we analyzed the maturation and subset differentiation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells under various maturation stimuli and timepoints. Furthermore, we utilized an in vitro co-culture model to investigate whether the absence of PSGL-1 influenced the ability of dendritic cells to activate CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggested that PSGL-1 expression or signaling does not influence the isolated interactions between dendritic cells and CD8⁺ T cells. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into clarifying the role of PSGL-1 in dendritic cells, and how this role broadly impacts the anti-tumor immune response.
Preventive and Educational Programs in Addressing Students’ Educational and Behavioural Challenges Within Inclusive Education: Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Wójcik Magdalena
Published: February 2025

Introduction: School is an important space where students develop intellectually, emotionally, socially and culturally. Each school should develop its own and unique educational and preventive program that also protects previously diagnosed educational problems – their manifestations and causes, as well as educational needs.
Research Aim: The aim was to collect the opinions of teachers teaching in grades I–III of public primary schools on the effectiveness of educational and preventive programs implemented in schools and class programs developed on their basis in eliminating the causes of educational and behavioural difficulties, their manifestations and securing the educational needs of disabled and non-disabled students.
Method: Empirical material was collected using Questionnaire for Teachers on preventive and educational programs and their importance in eliminating the causes and manifestations of educational problems and securing the needs of students with special educational needs and their non-disabled peers.
Results: The presented research results show the low effectiveness of school educational and preventive programs in terms of eliminating students’ educational difficulties and their potential causes in the perception of teachers. Teachers see visibly greater effectiveness in influencing educational problems and their causes in classroom educational and preventive programs.
Conclusion: It is important to o change the approach to the document itself, pay attention to improve the proper assessment of students’ educational and behavioural difficulties and needs and also to develop educational competences of teachers and introducing training that will enable them to more carefully design various forms of educational assistance.
Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem of Ukrainian Citizens During the War
Authors: Sarzyńska-Mazurek Ewa , Wosik-Kawala Danuta , Bevz Halyna
Published: February 2025

Introduction: War significantly limits people’s autonomous functioning in many life aspects. As a result of the Russian Federation’s invasion of Ukraine, the quality of life of Ukrainian citizens has significantly deteriorated. In times of war, self-efficacy and self-esteem play a key role in dealing with difficult, unpredictable situations. It is, therefore, important to undertake research in this area.
Research Aim: The aim of the conducted research was to diagnose self-efficacy and self-esteem of Ukrainian residents during the war, and to determine the relationship between these two variables.
Method: The authors have used a quantitative research approach and a diagnostic survey as a data collection method. The sample consisted of 1,783 respondents coming from all provinces of Ukraine. Two research tools were used: Schwarzer and Jerusalem’s Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale.
Results: The analyses have shown that Ukrainian residents participating in the studydisplayvarious levels of self-efficacy and fairly favourable self-esteem. The results of the study indicate the existence of a high positive correlation between the analysed variables.
Conclusions: Perceived self-efficacy impacts specific actions people take in unpredictable situations, whether they pay attention to opportunities or difficulties. In times of war, self-efficacy is prerequisite to being active when the situation requires one to engage in changing an unfavourable course of events. This activity is reinforced by the individual’s possession of a positive self-esteem.
Importance of School Climate for Student Development and Analysis of Its Determinants in a Non-Skills-Focused Education System
Authors: Laurisz Norbert , Sanak-Kosmowska Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The article analyses the differences between developmental and career-oriented climates of students in different types of schools. The theoretical analysis integrates psychological, sociological, neuroscientific and educational theories to show that school climate is an important factor influencing students’ future career success.
Research Aim: The objective of this article is to present school climate as a pivotal factor influencing comprehensive student development and to underscore the significance of climate in the context of their prospective careers.
Method: The survey was conducted among students in the final years of primary school in three different types of schools. Quantitative analysis (ANOVA and Spearman correlation) was used for the analysis.
Results: The research shows that school climate is the factor that most differentiates between private and public school. The research also shows the key role of teachers and the school climate in shaping students’ attitudes and behaviour and in strengthening students’ aspirations for their future careers. The results of the study highlight the possibility of creating different developmental incentives within the same education system, showing that the effectiveness of the system can be increased by incremental changes rather than only by systemic changes.
Conclusions: The article proposes the implementation of an educational policy that adopts a holistic approach to education, aligning pedagogical strategies with the goal of increasing students’ career readiness and aspirations.