bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN BLOG SEBAGAI MEDIA DAN SUMBER BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH TINGKAT MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH
Authors: Nugroho Yusuf Amin
Published: January 2021

Guna mengaktualisasikan pembelajaran kreatif yang bermakna, seorang guru mestilah pandai dalam memilih media, menentukan metode, dan juga memotivasi siswa didik untuk memanfaatkan media dan sumber belajar. Banyak media dan sumber belajar yang bisa dimanfaatkan guna menunjang keberhasilan pembelajaran fiqih di Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), salah satunya adalah dengan memanfaatkan media internet. Tujuan penelitian tesis ini untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan langkah-langkah praktis terkait pemanfaatan dan pengembangan blog sebagai media dan sumber belajar fiqih pada tingkat MTs. Diharapkan, penelitian ini dapat memberi inspirasi dan motivasi bagi guru-guru di madrasah untuk merancang strategi pembelajaran yang lebih bermakna bagi para siswa, salah satunya menjadikan blog sebagai media dan sumber belajar. Penelitian ini termasuk developmental research yang dipadukan dengan library research, tujuannya adalah untuk mengembangkan, memperluas dan menggali lebih dalam teori tentang pemanfaatan dan pengembangan blog sebagai sumber belajar mata pelajaran Fiqih tingkat MTs. Pemanfaatan dan pengembangan blog bisa dilakukan dengan mengisi meteri pelajaran fiqih, soal-soal, juga bacaan pengayaan. Blog juga bisa digunakan untuk melakukan evaluasi pembelajaran, yakni sebagai media test online. Memberikan materi pengayaan juga sangat tepat diberikan lewat media blog. Pengembangan blog sendiri bisa dilakukan dengan memberikan konten-konten menarik yang dibutuhkan siswa, navigasi yang mudah dipahami, menautkan blog dengan media sosial, memberi tautan ke situs-situs yang penting, memperhatikan keterbacaan, dan mempraktikkan search engine optimation (SEO). Kelebihan blog sebagai media dan sumber belajar fiqih tingkat MTs yang paling utama yakni menjadikan pembelajaran lebih menarik, menyenangkan, membuat siswa belajar aktif, interaktif dan fleksibel, motivasi belajar siswa dan dijadikan sarana untuk mengarahkan siswa memanfaatkan internet lebih bijak. Adapun kelemahannya adalah faktor keterbatasan sarana prasarana, bertambahnya beban tugas guru, dan rawannya terjadi kesalahpahaman dalam menerima informasi. Media dan sumber belajar berbasis blog juga kurang cocok digunakan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi afektif, dan karenanya pembelajaran fiqih secara tatap muka tetap dibutuhkan.
PERAN SERTA ORGANISASI REMAJA ISLAM DALAM PENANAMAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BAGI REMAJA SINDUAGUNG SELOMERTO WONOSOBO
Authors: Muntaqo Rifqi , Rahayu Septi , Zuhdi Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Islam memiliki nilai-nilai kehidupan yang penting untuk diterapkan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, berbagai metode penerapannya sudah banyak dicontohkan oleh tokoh-tokoh islam. Metode yang digunakan antara lain; keteladanan, pembiasaan, nasihat dan hukuman. Penelitian ini mengambil objek penelitian pada remaja IPNU-IPPNU Sinduagung, organisasi remaja islam tersebut terbentuk pada tahun 2000-2001, seiring berjalannya waktu IPNU-IPPNU mengalami penurunan peminat dan tidak berjalannya berbagai kegiatan, sehingga berganti nama menjadi FORMAT (Forum remaja masjid). Dan pada akhirnya organisasi remaja islam tepat 1 April 2013 kembali berubah menjadi IPNU-IPPNU Sinduagung Selomerto Wonosobo.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penanaman nilai-nilai pendidikan islam bagi remaja di Desa Sinduagung yang difasilitasi oleh berbagai kegiatan IPNU-IPPNU berjalan sangat baik, diantaranya dengan menanamkan nilai-nilai akidah pada kegiatan makesta, kemudian penanaman nilai-nilai ibadah pada kegiatan ziarah kubur, nilai-nilai akhlak yang diambil dari kegiatan maulid simtut duror/diba’an dan pada berbagai kegiatan penggalangan dana kemanusiaan merupakan cara penting menggali nilai-nilai sosial remaja Sinduagung Selomerto Wonosobo, dengan harapan agar lebih meningkat lagi kepedulian terhadap lingkungannya.
IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER MENURUT KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT LEMBAK, KECAMATAN BINDURIANG
Authors: Lena Lena , Nelson Nelson , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi nilai karakter jujur, toleransi, peduli sosial menurut kearifan masyarakat lembak, Masyarakat Lembak atau juga yang dikenal dengan Suku Lembak yang merupakan bagian dari masyarakat Provinsi Bengkulu, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Merupakan masyarakat yang terkenal dengan kearifan lokalnya. sikap peduli sosial, jujur, dan toleransi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data diambil melalui wawancara dan observasi. Kemudian di reduksi sampai ditarik kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut implementasi nilai karakter jujur dapat dilihat dalam pelaksanaan Rasan Bekulo dan juga dalam pelaksanaan Upacara Pelara. Sedangkan karakter toleransi dapat dilihat dalam pelaksanaan Rasan Bekulo dan juga dalam pelaksanaan Sambai/Nandai dan karakter peduli sosial dapat dilihat dalam dalam pelaksanaan peringata kematian dari meninggal sampai acara seratus harian. Bentuk kepedulian pada keluarga duka dengan cara membantu baik secara tenaga, materi, maupun sebisa yang mereka bantu.
KONSEP DAN APLIKASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS EDUTAIMENT DALAM MENUMBUHKAN KREATIVITAS ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Agus Faisal Vava Imam , Mukromin Mukromin
Published: January 2021

Proses pembelajaran pada anak usia dini dianggap sebagai masa emas. Berbagai macam dukungan pembelajaran mambantu menyempurnakan perkembangannya. Perkembangan yang terjadi pada anak dapat dilihat dari tumbuhnya kreativitas dalam dirinya. Kreativitas merupakan aktivitas anak dalam merespon kegiatan pembelajaran yang dialami. Munculnya pembelajaran berbasis edutaiment merupakan langkah strategis dalam mengembangkan kreativitas. Intepretasi pembelajaran berbasis eduataiment memiliki sinergitas dengan pola pembelajaran anak usia dini. Penekanan pembelajaran edutaiment memberikan suasana aktif dan menyenangkan bagi  anak. Emplementasi pembelajaran berbasis edutaiment perlu dilakukan sacara konsisten dan berkelanjutan agar capaian perkembangan kreativitas berkembang secara baik. Standar kompetensi pendidik berperan penting dalam mengoptimalkan pembelajaran berbasis edutaiment. Tenaga pendidik sesuai kompetensi dapat menjalankan proses internalisasi pembelajaran dengan berbagai variasi pengajaran. Secara mandiri, kreativitas dapat tumbuh dalam diri anak  melalui suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Tenaga pendidik memberikan arahan dan  ruang seluasnya bagi tumbuh kembangnya kreativas anak usia dini.
Vzpostavitev slovenskega šolskega sistema leta 1919
Authors: Protner Edvard
Published: January 2021

In the foreword, we outline the situation in the field of education in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, so that we can later in the text further analyse the goals and visions of the school reform efforts of teachers organized in local associations and two prominent pedagogical theorists. In doing so, we limit ourselves to the activities of primary school teachers and primary school legislation. In the central part of the text we describe the efforts to improve the financial and status position of teachers, the efforts to systematically reform primary education, the efforts to overcome the ideological divisiveness of the two most powerful teacher associations, and the efforts to unify teachers' associations throughout the kingdom. At the end, we outline the three most important programming texts on the reform of education in the new country and try to identify the pedagogical theoretical influences that are characteristic of the period between the two wars.
Nastanek slovenske univerze
Authors: Repe Božo
Published: January 2021

The creation of a Slovene university in 1919 was primarily the product of national defence tendencies or stemmed from the desire for national emancipation. At the very beginning, the criteria for universal science were being set forth. Efforts for the establishment of a Slovene university date back to the time of Protestantism and the Counter-Reformation; they became more systematic from 1848 onwards, but were constantly opposed by Austrian authorities. Throughout the decades of its operation, the university has justified its creation in the national sense and in the scientifically universal sense, as it is now ranked among the top 400 universities in the world.
Prisege zvestobe istrskih mest v 12. stoletju
Authors: Darovec Darko
Published: January 2021

Still today, historiography questions whether the purpose of oaths of fealty (fidelitas), dedicated to the Venetian Republic by Istrian towns from 12th Century, was to conclude friendships between the equal communities or was just a form of alliances against common enemies, or were even the subordination of Istrian towns? Insofar as it was actually a matter of concluding alliances even after the feuds, later vents clearly testify in support of the fact that those oaths of fealtywere the first step towards the later Venetian subordination of Istrian towns, the basis of the process which ended only in 1420. This paper argues that the above events should be understood and interpreted in accordance with then prevailing system of conflict resolution and within the framework of the ritual: homage, fealty, peace (homagium, fidelitas, pax).
Delovanje Radoslava Razlaga v štajerskem deželnem zboru
Authors: Čuček Filip
Published: January 2021

In the following article, the author analyses the activities of the Lower Styrian deputy Radoslav Razlag in the Styrian Provincial Assembly between 1865 and 1868, when he gave up his mandate. If we disregard the German conservative Michael Hermann, who had joined the Slovenian camp and represented the Slovenian "colours" ever since the restoration of the Austrian constitutional life, the Slovenian side did not win its first term until as late as 1865. In the Provincial Assembly, Razlag – together with Hermann and later Josip Vošnjak – resolutely represented the Styrian Slovenians and argued in favour of the federalist system in Austria.
Komunikasi Dalam Keluarga dan Asertifitas Remaja Penyalahguna Narkoba
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Jakarta Indonesia, Hasanah Uswatun , Arista Irfani , Silitonga Mirdat
Published: January 2021

Drug abuse is a quite serious problem and its handling involves various stakeholders. This study aims to analyze how the influence of family communication on the assertiveness of adolescent drug abusers. This study used a cross-sectional study design and was carried out at National Narcotics Agency, Jakarta Timur City (BNNK), Jakarta Timur and Non-Governmental Organizations under the guidance of the BNNK, Jakarta Timur namely: Balarenik Foundation and Swara Peduli Indonesia Foundation. The selection of research locations is done by snowball sampling. The population of this study is adolescent drug abusers in Jakarta Timur, Jakarta. The respondents of this study were 68 adolescent drug abusers in BNNK, Jakarta Timur, Balarenik Foundation, and Indonesian Swara Care Foundation. The sampling technique in this study uses non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The findings in this study are that there is a significant positive effect of family communication on adolescent assertiveness. The determinant coefficient in this study was 62%, which means that the assertiveness of adolescent abusers of narcotics is determined by the communication of the of family of 62% and 38% is determined by other factors.
Kontribusi Pendamping PKH dalam RS Rutilahu di Magetan
Authors:   Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial, Kementerian Sosial RI, Muhtar Muhtar
Published: January 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kontribusi pendamping PKH dalam pelaksanaan bantuan sosial rehabilitasi sosial rumah tidak layak huni (RS Rutilahu). Jenis dan pendekatan kajian ini deskriptif kualitatif, dilaksanakan di tujuh desa, dua wilayah kecamatan Kabupaten Magetan, November 2019. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terhadap penerima bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu dan focus group discussion dengan para pemangku kepentingan daerah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, pendamping PKH Kabupaten Magetan berkontribusi penting dalam pelaksanaan bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu, sejak usulan hingga selesainya rehab rumah. Esensinya, tugas dan fungsinya adalah memasilitasi dan memediasi bagi penerima manfaat bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu. Pendamping PKH sebagai garda depan dalam pelaksanaan bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu, karena mereka dinilai intensif dalam berinteraksi dengan para penerima manfaat, dan mengetahu secara baik perkembangan sosial ekonominya. Namun, penyelenggaraan bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu di Magetan masih bertumpu/bersumber dari APBN melalui Kementerian Sosial dan Kementerian PUPR, yang dalam pelaksanaannya melalui dinas terkait di daerah. Oleh karena itu, jangkaun pelayanan bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu menjadi terbatas, di mana sesungguhnya di Magetan masih banyak masyarakat kategori miskin, yang dari sisi rumah, yang tidak layak huni. Di samping itu, juga ditemui, penerima bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu menerimanya secara double. Hal itu terjadi karena adanya kurang koordinasi dan sinergi antar dinas terkait. Selanjutnya, juga ditemui belum ada kontribusi daerah melalui APBD baik dari provinsi maupun dari pemerintah daerah setempat dalam penyelenggaraan bantuan sosial RS Rutilahu, demikian halnya dari pihak Dunia Usaha melalui corperate social responbility (CSR) dan pihak dermawan setempat. Untuk itu dapat disarankan, penting ditingkatkan koordinasi dan sinergi antar instansi terkait melalui Bappeda. Urgen juga dilakukan sosialisasi tentang pentingnya tanggung jawab sosial, baik kepada Dunia Usaha maupun masyarakat yang berpunya (The Haves) oleh dinas sosial setempat.
Cambios morfológicos en el sistema estomatognático del adulto mayor, aspectos de interés para Atención Estomatológica Integral
Authors: Rodríguez Casas Mirian Marlen , Hernández Falcón Larisa , Garay Crespo María Isabel , Castillo Mateu Lissette
Published: January 2021

A medida que el hombre envejece se producen modificaciones en las estructuras que conforman el macizo cráneo facial. Los profesionales de la salud necesitan tener una percepción exacta sobre las transformaciones que ocurren y el impacto que tienen para los ancianos en la prevención y tratamiento de las enfermedades en la cavidad bucal. Con el objetivo de describir los cambios fisiológicos del aparato estomatognático en el adulto mayor, para contribuir a una mayor calidad en la atención estomatológica, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las principales investigaciones    procesadas en las bases de datos Medline Complete, Scielo e Infomed. Estas modificaciones relacionadas con la edad se producen en todos los componentes del sistema estomatognático: músculos, dientes, periodonto, mucosa oral, lengua, glándulas salivares, huesos maxilares y articulación temporomandibular. Pueden no estar todas presentes, lo que depende de diversos factores genéticos hereditarios y orgánicos, ambientales, nutricionales, económicos y sociales. Estas variaciones se deben tener en cuenta para diferenciarlas de lesiones patológicas de origen local o sistémico, que pueden desarrollarse en las personas adultas mayores Es función del estomatólogo general integral, ayudar a los ancianos a mantener una buena salud bucal mediante la identificación de estos cambios normales propios de la edad, para ofrecerles una mejor calidad de vida.
Actitud de los profesores ante el uso de las TIC en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas
Authors: Naranjo Rodríguez Sandra , Almanza Santana Lorayne , Rodríguez Almanza Lissett , Delgado Almanza Rachel
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El perfeccionamiento continuo del sistema educativo cubano, que tiene lugar en los últimos años, condiciona la necesidad de renovar, en el marco de los Centros de Educación Superior, los planes de estudios desde una perspectiva que responda a las exigencias asociadas al proceso de Universalización de la Educación que en ellos tiene lugar, lo cual implica que la universidad como institución social dirija su trabajo a alcanzar resultados prominentes; en la introducción, innovación y creación de tecnologías   Objetivo: Valorar la actitud de los profesores ante el uso de la TIC en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas en el período de enero –mayo del 2019, para evaluar la actitud de los profesores, ante el uso que realizan de las TIC los profesores de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que los profesores de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas poseen una actitud excelente ante el uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la docencia de pregrado Conclusiones: Sin duda las nuevas tecnologías pueden suministrar medios para la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje pero su utilización a favor o en contra de una sociedad más desarrollada, dependerá en gran medida de la actitud, de los profesores como guías principales del  proceso
Prevalence and Factors Affecting the Parasitic Infections in Calves at Selected Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Karim MR , Sumon SMMR , Soad SH , Siddiki SHMF , Dey AR , Ehsan MA
Published: January 2021

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections are considered as one of the major impediments in profitable livestock farming in subtropical and tropical countries. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites and to determine the effects of different factors in the occurrences of GI parasitic infections in calves. A cross-sectional study, including 413 fecal samples from calves, was conducted in Pabna, Sirajgonj and Gazipur districts of Bangladesh. The samples were examined using standard coprological techniques like sedimentation and floatation techniques, and lugol’s iodine and modified Ziehl-Neelson staining. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism was 45.3% and commonly identified parasites were Toxocara spp. (20.3%), Strongyloides spp. (3.9%), Fasciola sp. (1.0%), Moniezia spp. (1.5%), Giardia sp. (10.4%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (7.0%). Among the factors, the age, sex and health status had significant effects on the GI parasitic infections in calves. Therefore, special care such as routine fecal examination for parasitism and proper deworming program should be taken to maintain good health and husbandry of calves for profitable livestock production.

Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 1-13
Quest for Suitable Storage Condition for Sustainable Processing Quality of Potato Tubers
Authors: Parvin D , Ahmed JU , Hossain MM , Mohi-Ud-Din M
Published: January 2021

Processing quality of potato tubers depend on the physico-chemical properties which changes within the time in long-term storage period. The present study was conducted to find out a suitable storage condition that could be able to maintain the processing quality of potatoes. Three potato varieties namely Asterix (BARI Alu-25), Courage (BARI Alu-29) and Lady Rosetta (BARI Alu-28) and three different storage conditions viz. Bamboo chamber (BC), earthen chamber with evaporative cooler (EC) and refrigerator (RF) were used in this study. Data were recorded monthly-basis on the physico-chemical processing qualities of the potato tubers. Potato tubers stored in RF was able to maintain higher dry matter content and lower weight loss, shrinkage and energy content than BC and EC. Though the physical qualities of the refrigerated tubers were well-maintained, but produced considerably higher amount of mean reducing sugars (2.69 mg/g FW) which was 11.6 and 17.9% higher than the mean of BC (2.41 mg/g FW) and EC (2.28 mg/g FW), respectively; and higher mean sucrose contents (2.46 mg/g FW) which was 6.5 and 18.8% higher than the mean of BC (2.31 mg/g FW) and EC (2.07 mg/g FW), respectively. EC maintained significantly lower amount of mean glucose (0.17 mg/g FW), fructose (1.96 mg/g FW) and total soluble sugar (4.20 mg/g FW) contents than BC and RF. Compared to pre-storage, mean reducing sugar content was increased by 1.5, 1.7 and 2.0 times in EC, BC and RF, respectively until 90 days of storage and the increase in mean sucrose content was 1.7-, 2.1- and 2.3-fold in EC, BC and RF, respectively. Among the varieties, Courage and Lady Rosetta were suitable for long-term storage for processing than Asterix. Chips produced from the potatoes stored in the EC acquired significantly higher scores for sensory attributes than that of BC and RF. Results clearly depicted that potatoes stored in EC were more suitable for processing due to moderate retention of dry matter content (22.13%) and lower accumulation of different sugars and were able to retain processing quality up to 90 days of storage than that of BC and RF.

Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 61-78
Performance of Aroid under Jackfruit-Based Agroforestry System in Terrace Ecosystem of Bangladesh
Authors: Riyadh ZA , Rahman MA , Miah MG , Saha SR , Hoque MA , Saha S , Rahman MM
Published: January 2021

The terrace ecosystem is considered as hotspot of jackfruit tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) in Bangladesh having potential for understory cropping. However, most of the jackfruit orchards are often found utilized or underutilized. A field experiment was conducted under the jackfruit orchard to study the performance of aroids (Colocasia esculenta L.) from April to October, 2017 in Belabo upazila of Narsingdi district. Four distances (1, 2, 3 and 4 m) from the base of jackfruit tree were considered for aroid planting to evaluate its performance as agroforestry crop in comparison to sole aroid. Land use and economic performances of agroforestry and sole systems were also evaluated. The results indicated that the production of jackfruit increased by 62.73%, while the yield of aroid reduced by 33.48% in agroforestry systems as compared to the yields of sole (non-agroforestry) systems. In agroforestry system, the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was severely reduced by 85-77% on aroid crop that caused yield reduction. It was also observed that soil temperature was lower in agroforestry system as compared to sole cropping of aroid, while soil moisture showed inverse trend in sole jackfruit. Economic analysis in terms of benefit cost ratio (BCR) was 2.60 in agroforestry, while the BCR of sole aroid was only 1.83. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was 2.31 in agroforestry system. The present results indicate that aroid cultivation in jackfruit-based agroforestry system under terrace ecosystem can ensure overall higher production and improve economic return.

Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 79-87
Análisis de los software BIM en el contexto de un concurso internacional.
Authors: Lozano-Galant Jose Antonio , Bellido-Montesinos Pablo , Lozano-Galán Fidel , Castilla-Pascual Francisco-Javier
Published: January 2021

Una de las formas más efectivas de fomentar el uso de nuevos enfoques como el BIM consiste en aplicar el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (PBL). Según esta metodología, los equipos desarrollan sus conocimientos y habilidades resolviendo un problema real, es decir, aprenden haciendo, experimentando e investigando por sí mismos. Una de las actividades PBL más motivadoras es la participación en concursos BIM. Este formato tiene la ventaja adicional de que todos los equipos trabajan en el mismo problema, lo que facilita la comparación de los resultados. En este sentido, el análisis de los BIM Execution Plans (BEPs) propuestos proporciona información útil de cómo se han realizado los diferentes diseños. A pesar del interés y la utilidad de estos resultados, no se han llevado a cabo comparaciones de las metodologías de trabajo utilizadas por los diferentes equipos presentados. Para resolver este problema, este trabajo analiza los BEPs de los proyectos presentados en las ediciones del concurso internacional BIM Valladolid. Este análisis muestra los software más utilizados en cada disciplina. También se presenta la evolución del software utilizado por los equipos en las diferentes ediciones, así como los flujos de información entre los software de modelado y análisis estructural de las propuestas.
Ampliación del puente de Rande. Proceso de montaje del nuevo tablero
Authors: Bernardo Héctor , Consuegra Pérez Juan José , Tarquis Alfonso Felipe , Lucas Serrano Conchita
Published: January 2021

Puesto que el puente de Rande es un punto de cruce esencial en la zona de la Ría de Vigo, era imprescindible que todo trabajo necesario para construir su ampliación no interrumpiera el tráfico ni afectase el entorno marino del estrecho de Rande. Por esta razón, el método de construcción del nuevo tablero tuvo por objeto minimizar las restricciones de tráfico manteniendo siempre un carril abierto en cada sentido y el no afectar el entorno, cumpliendo con la limitaciones impuestas por el puente existente.

La flexibilidad lograda al respecto del orden de izado de las dovelas así como los elementos dispuestos para el ajuste de los bordes, la simplicidad de la losa de hormigón o la afinada instalación de los tirantes, han permitido una ejecución en tiempo récord, todo ello sin interrumpir o afectar al tráfico más que en horas puntuales siempre en horario nocturno.

Mención especial merecen las dovelas iniciales, 2 en cada torre, cuyo proceso de izado e instalación ha requerido de un particular izado utilizando el elemento emplazado sobre cada pilono así como un arriostramiento y sistema de guiado dadas sus particulares dimensiones de más de 50 m de longitud, especialmente en el lado de las grúas torre donde se debieron agujerear temporalmente para permitir el paso de éstas.

Por otra parte, el exhaustivo control geométrico y la capacidad de ajuste prevista han permitido una geometría final fiel a la planificada, logrando que la ampliación del Puente de Rande, primera de su tipo en el mundo, haya resultado todo un éxito.
Metodología para la simulación de las solicitaciones hidráulicas tridimensionales sobre diques verticales a lo largo de su ciclo de vida
Authors: Tomás Sampedro Antonio , Fuentes Álvarez de Eulate María , Barajas Ojeda Gabriel , Maza Fernández María , Lopez Lara Javier , Cotallo Agudo Nuria , Losada Rodríguez Iñigo , Esteban Lefler Francisco
Published: January 2021

Dentro del diseño de cajones de hormigón para la construcción de diques verticales, se ha definido unanueva metodología para el cálculo de las solicitaciones tridimensionales y la estabilidad hidráulica asociadapara todas las fases constructivas de los mismos, basada en el modelado numérico CFD (ComputationalFluid Dynamics) tridimensional y las técnicas estadísticas de Monte-Carlo que tienen en cuenta lavariabilidad climática y la incertidumbre asociada a los procesos involucrados. Esta metodología se haaplicado al caso real del dique de abrigo del puerto de Granadilla (Tenerife, España).
Caracterización experimental de anclajes post instalados de gran capacidad en situaciones sísmicas
Authors: Rey Bouzón Emilio José , Herrador Manuel F. , Seara Paz Sindy , Paz Abuín Senén , Meizoso Laureiro Roi , Meizoso Rodríguez Juan
Published: January 2021

A medida que mejoran la tecnología y disponibilidad de las resinas, el campo de aplicación del anclaje post instalado se va extendiendo a situaciones de mayor demanda mecánica. En el caso planteado en este estudio, se analiza la adecuación de anclajes post instalados de gran capacidad en un muro pantalla y una losa de hormigón armado de gran tamaño situados en zona sísmica.

 El anclaje tipo objeto de estudio se conforma con barras de acero equivalente al B500S de 32 mm de diámetro instalado con resina en un taladro de 40 mm de diámetro y 800 mm de profundidad. El procedimiento de validación más común para estos casos es el recogido en la norma ACI 355.4-11 (Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete). En esta norma se prescribe un diseño de probeta de la norma dirigido a anclajes de pequeño tamaño que, extrapolado al caso de estudio, haría inviable el ensayo. En este trabajo se propone un nuevo diseño de probeta compatible con los condicionantes mecánicos conceptuales de la ACI 355.4.

 Sobre el nuevo diseño se aplican procedimientos de ensayo análogos a los marcados por la norma para obtener las características mecánicas de la unión hormigón-resina-barra en caso de sismo: (1) tracción hasta rotura tras cargas cíclicas, con apertura de fisura de forma controlada de 0.5 mm durante todo el ensayo; (2) carga transversal hasta rotura tras cargas cíclicas, con apertura de fisura de forma controlada 0.5 mm durante todo el ensayo.

Como resultado de las baterías de ensayos se obtienen los valores garantizados (percentil del 95 %) para hormigones de resistencia reducida (hipótesis conservadora prescrita por la normativa) y se compara su comportamiento con hormigones de resistencia convencional.
Montaje del puente sobre el canal de Deusto en el barrio de San Ignacio (Bilbao)
Authors: Loscos Areoso Pablo , Bajo Pavía Carlos , Sánchez Ramírez Juan José
Published: January 2021

El Puente sobre el canal de Deusto en el barrio de San Ignacio en Bilbao se puede definir como un arco de tablero intermedio de 75 m de luz y comportamiento mixto entre arco-tirante y viga biempotrada de canto variable. Tanto arco como tablero presentan sección mixta hormigón-acero y la materialización del empotramiento en ambos extremos se realiza mediante células pilotadas o micro-pilotadas trabando a tracción-compresión.

Con el objeto de simplificar y agilizar el proceso constructivo de este puente mediante la eliminación de la necesidad de montar el puente sobre el canal disponiendo apoyos provisionales, se ideó una secuencia que combina el uso de transportes modulares autopropulsados o SPMTs, con pontonas o barcazas que los recogen y posicionan el tramo central del arco sobre los arranques previamente ejecutados desde ambas márgenes del canal.

De esta forma, la secuencia se dividiría en las siguientes fases:

Montaje de los tramos en ménsula en primera fase, constituidos por los arranques de arco y del tablero, en voladizo desde los estribos.

Ensamblaje de arco, nervios traviesas y largueros del tramo central del puente hasta constituir una estructura de tipo arco-tirante en uno de los márgenes del canal.

Desplazamiento del arco-tirante sobre dos sistemas de SPMTs, que lo recogen en sus extremos y lo posicionan sobre sendas barcazas.

Posicionamiento del arco-tirante sobre los arranques: en pleamar se introduce la estructura maniobrando por encima de los arranques. A medida que la marea baja, la estructura desciende hasta apoyar sobre los arranques a través de cuatro elementos auxiliares instalados en los extremos de los mismos.

Para hacer todo esto posible, entre el arco-tirante y cada plataforma autopropulsada se colocará una estructura auxiliar que permitirá elevar la cota de los extremos del arco tirante por encima de los arranques, permitiendo el posterior descenso sobre los mismos.
Simulación numérica del comportamiento sísmico de muros de concreto reforzado
Authors: Cuesvas Rosero Eduar Andrés , Ortega Caraballo Roger , Torres Arbeláez Pedro Steven , Marulanda Casas Johannio , Thomson Roach Peter
Published: January 2021

El sistema constructivo de muros delgados de concreto reforzado (MDCR) es uno de los más utilizados actualmente en países como Bolivia, Perú, Venezuela, Ecuador, y Colombia. Estas edificaciones se han diseñado con la normatividad de estos países, la cual, en la mayoría de los casos no tiene prescripciones específicas adecuadas para este tipo de construcción, puesto que sus lineamientos para diseño de concreto reforzado se basan en las versiones previas del ACI-318, definidas para el sistema tradicional de muros de concreto reforzado, que dispone de muros con espesores mayores que facilitan el detallado del refuerzo, el confinamiento del concreto y permiten controlar la inestabilidad fuera del plano. Diversas investigaciones y los eventos sísmicos de Chile en 2010 y Nueva Zelanda en 2011 sugieren que el sistema de MDCR podría presentar un desempeño limitado ante un evento sísmico, por lo tanto, se requiere caracterizar mejor su comportamiento estructural. Con la finalidad de evaluar el desempeño de estas edificaciones, se propone el uso de un software comercial, ampliamente usado en las oficinas de cálculo, para la modelización de MDCR y de los edificios de este sistema constructivo, considerando su comportamiento no lineal. Se usará la formulación de elementos en capas (Shell layered) del programa ETABS. Los modelos de muros son ajustados mediante la respuesta experimental de ensayos de muros representativos de este sistema estructural, tomados de referencias bibliográficas reconocidas. El modelo de las edificaciones se ajustará mediante la identificación de las propiedades dinámicas reales obtenidas de la instrumentación de un edificio típico, mediante una prueba de vibración ambiental. Los resultados de la simulación numérica permitieron evaluar el comportamiento de estas construcciones y confirman que este tipo de software es una herramienta válida, relativamente simple y de bajo consumo computacional para obtener una respuesta más acertada del desempeño de este sistema constructivo.
Mass Generation, Neuron Labeling, and 3D Imaging of Minibrains
Authors: Govindan Subashika , Batti Laura , Osterop Samira F. , Stoppini Luc , Roux Adrien
Published: January 2021

Minibrain is a 3D brain in vitro spheroid model, composed of a mixed population of neurons and glial cells, generated from human iPSC derived neural stem cells. Despite the advances in human 3D in vitro models such as aggregates, spheroids and organoids, there is a lack of labeling and imaging methodologies to characterize these models. In this study, we present a step-by-step methodology to generate human minibrain nurseries and novel strategies to subsequently label projection neurons, perform immunohistochemistry and 3D imaging of the minibrains at large multiplexable scales. To visualize projection neurons, we adapt viral transduction and to visualize the organization of cell types we implement immunohistochemistry. To facilitate 3D imaging of minibrains, we present here pipelines and accessories for one step mounting and clearing suitable for confocal microscopy. The pipelines are specifically designed in such a way that the assays can be multiplexed with ease for large-scale screenings using minibrains and other organoid models. Using the pipeline, we present (i) dendrite morphometric properties obtained from 3D neuron morphology reconstructions, (ii) diversity in neuron morphology, and (iii) quantified distribution of progenitors and POU3F2 positive neurons in human minibrains.
Responses of Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity to Increasing Dietary Levels of Iron Using a Piglet Model
Authors: Chen Shuai , Wu Xin , Wang Xia , Shao Yirui , Tu Qiang , Yang Huansheng , Yin Jie , Yin Yulong
Published: January 2021

Iron is an essential metal for both animals and microbiota. In general, neonates and infants of humans and animals are at the risk of iron insufficiency. However, excess dietary iron usually causes negative impacts on the host and microbiota. This study aimed to investigate overloaded dietary iron supplementation on growth performance, the distribution pattern of iron in the gut lumen and the host, intestinal microbiota, and intestine transcript profile of piglets. Sixty healthy weaning piglets were randomly assigned to six groups: fed on diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate monohydrate at the dose of 50 ppm (Fe50 group), 100 ppm (Fe100 group), 200 ppm (Fe200 group), 500 ppm (Fe500 group), and 800 ppm (Fe800), separately, for 3 weeks. The results indicated that increasing iron had no significant effects on growth performance, but increased diarrheal risk and iron deposition in intestinal digesta, tissues of intestine and liver, and serum. High iron also reduced serum iron-binding capacity, apolipoprotein, and immunoglobin A. The RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that iron changed colonic transcript profile, such as interferon gamma-signal transducer and activator of transcription two-based anti-infection gene network. Increasing iron also shifted colonic and cecal microbiota, such as reducing alpha diversity and the relative abundance ofClostridialesandLactobacillus reuteriand increasing the relative abundance ofLactobacillusandLactobacillus amylovorus. Collectively, this study demonstrated that high dietary iron increased diarrheal incidence, changed intestinal immune response-associated gene expression, and shifted gut microbiota. The results would enhance our knowledge of iron effects on the gut and microbiome in piglets and further contribute to understanding these aspects in humans.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Astrocytes: A Role in Parkinson’s Disease?
Authors: Bantle Collin M. , Hirst Warren D. , Weihofen Andreas , Shlevkov Evgeny
Published: January 2021

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cell type in the brain and are thought to play a pivotal role in the progression of PD. Emerging evidence suggests that many astrocytic functions, including glutamate metabolism, Ca2+signaling, fatty acid metabolism, antioxidant production, and inflammation are dependent on healthy mitochondria. Here, we review how mitochondrial dysfunction impacts astrocytes, highlighting translational gaps and opening new questions for therapeutic development.
Carbon Anode Materials for Rechargeable Alkali Metal Ion Batteries and in-situ Characterization Techniques
Authors: Ding Ruida , Huang Yalan , Li Guangxing , Liao Qin , Wei Tao , Liu Yu , Huang Yanjie , He Hao
Published: January 2021

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), used for energy supply and storage equipment, have been widely applied in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. However, the urgent demand for high energy density batteries and the shortage of lithium resources is driving scientists to develop high-performance materials and find alternatives. Low-volume expansion carbon material is the ideal choice of anode material. However, the low specific capacity has gradually become the shortcoming for the development of LIBs and thus developing new carbon material with high specific capacity is urgently needed. In addition, developing alternatives of LIBs, such as sodium ion batteries and potassium-ion batteries, also puts forward demands for new types of carbon materials. As is well-known, the design of high-performance electrodes requires a deep understanding on the working mechanism and the structural evolution of active materials. On this issue, ex-situ techniques have been widely applied to investigate the electrode materials under special working conditions, and provide a lot of information. Unfortunately, these observed phenomena are difficult to reflect the reaction under real working conditions and some important short-lived intermediate products cannot be captured, leading to an incomplete understanding of the working mechanism. In-situ techniques can observe the changes of active materials in operando during the charge/discharge processes, providing the concrete process of solid electrolyte formation, ions intercalation mechanism, structural evolutions, etc. Herein, this review aims to provide an overview on the characters of carbon materials in alkali ion batteries and the role of in-situ techniques in developing carbon materials.
Generation of a Genetically Modified Chimeric Plasmodium falciparum Parasite Expressing Plasmodium vivax Circumsporozoite Protein for Malaria Vaccine Development
Authors: Miyazaki Yukiko , Marin-Mogollon Catherin , Imai Takashi , Mendes António M. , van der Laak Rianne , Sturm Angelika , Geurten Fiona J. A. , Miyazaki Shinya , Chevalley-Maurel Severine , Ramesar Jai , Kolli Surendra K. , Kroeze Hans , van Schuijlenburg Roos , Salman Ahmed M. , Wilder Brandon K. , Reyes-Sandoval Arturo , Dechering Koen J. , Prudêncio Miguel , Janse Chris J. , Khan Shahid M. , Franke-Fayard Blandine
Published: January 2021

Chimeric rodent malaria parasites with the endogenous circumsporozoite protein (csp) gene replaced with csp from the human parasites Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and P. vivax (Pv) are used in preclinical evaluation of CSP vaccines. Chimeric rodent parasites expressing PfCSP have also been assessed as whole sporozoite (WSP) vaccines. Comparable chimeric P. falciparum parasites expressing CSP of P. vivax could be used both for clinical evaluation of vaccines targeting PvCSP in controlled human P. falciparum infections and in WSP vaccines targeting P. vivax and P. falciparum. We generated chimeric P. falciparum parasites expressing both PfCSP and PvCSP. These Pf-PvCSP parasites produced sporozoite comparable to wild type P. falciparum parasites and expressed PfCSP and PvCSP on the sporozoite surface. Pf-PvCSP sporozoites infected human hepatocytes and induced antibodies to the repeats of both PfCSP and PvCSP after immunization of mice. These results support the use of Pf-PvCSP sporozoites in studies optimizing vaccines targeting PvCSP.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection Induces Diarrhea, Intestinal Damage, Metabolic Alterations, and Increased Intestinal Permeability in a Murine Model
Authors: Ledwaba Solanka E. , Costa Deiziane V. S. , Bolick David T. , Giallourou Natasa , Medeiros Pedro H. Q. S. , Swann Jonathan R. , Traore Afsatou N. , Potgieter Natasha , Nataro James P. , Guerrant Richard L.
Published: January 2021

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) are recognized as one of the leading bacterial causes of infantile diarrhea worldwide. Weaned C57BL/6 mice pretreated with antibiotics were challenged orally with wild-type EPEC or escN mutant (lacking type 3 secretion system) to determine colonization, inflammatory responses and clinical outcomes during infection. Antibiotic disruption of intestinal microbiota enabled efficient colonization by wild-type EPEC resulting in growth impairment and diarrhea. Increase in inflammatory biomarkers, chemokines, cellular recruitment and pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed in intestinal tissues. Metabolomic changes were also observed in EPEC infected mice with changes in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, increased creatine excretion and shifts in gut microbial metabolite levels. In addition, by 7 days after infection, although weights were recovering, EPEC-infected mice had increased intestinal permeability and decreased colonic claudin-1 levels. The escN mutant colonized the mice with no weight loss or increased inflammatory biomarkers, showing the importance of the T3SS in EPEC virulence in this model. In conclusion, a murine infection model treated with antibiotics has been developed to mimic clinical outcomes seen in children with EPEC infection and to examine potential roles of selected virulence traits. This model can help in further understanding mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of EPEC infections and potential outcomes and thus assist in the development of potential preventive or therapeutic interventions.
What Are Constructions, and What Else Is Out There? An Associationist Perspective
Authors: Kapatsinski Vsevolod
Published: January 2021

Constructionist approaches to language propose that the language system is a network of constructions, defined as bidirectional mappings between a complex form and a meaning. This paper critically evaluates the evidence for and against two possible construals of this proposal as a psycholinguistic theory: that direct, bidirectional form-meaning associations play a central role in language comprehension and production, and the stronger claim that they are the only type of association at play. Bidirectional form-meaning associations are argued to be plausible, despite some apparent evidence against bidirectionality. However, form-meaning associations are insufficient to account for some morphological patterns. In particular, there is convincing evidence for productive paradigmatic mappings that are phonologically arbitrary, which cannot be captured by form-meaning mappings alone, without associations between paradigmatically related forms or constructions. Paradigmatic associations are argued to be unidirectional. In addition, subtraction and backformation at first glance require augmenting the associative networks with conditioned operations (rules). However, it is argued that allowing for negative form-meaning associations accommodates subtraction and backformation within the constructionist approach without introducing any additional mechanisms. The interplay of positive and negative form-meaning associations and paradigmatic mappings is exemplified using a previously undescribed morphological construction in Russian, thebez-Adjective construction.
Serpins in Hemostasis as Therapeutic Targets for Bleeding or Thrombotic Disorders
Authors: Bianchini Elsa P. , Auditeau Claire , Razanakolona Mahita , Vasse Marc , Borgel Delphine
Published: January 2021

Bleeding and thrombotic disorders result from imbalances in coagulation or fibrinolysis, respectively. Inhibitors from the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family have a key role in regulating these physiological events, and thus stand out as potential therapeutic targets for modulating fibrin clot formation or dismantling. Here, we review the diversity of serpin-targeting strategies in the area of hemostasis, and detail the suggested use of modified serpins and serpin inhibitors (ranging from small-molecule drugs to antibodies) to treat or prevent bleeding or thrombosis.
Bayesian Mixed Effects Model and Data Visualization for Understanding Item Response Time and Response Order in Open Online Assessment
Authors: Liu Yan , Béliveau Audrey , Besche Henrike , Wu Amery D. , Zhang Xingyu , Stefan Melanie , Gutlerner Johanna , Kim Chanmin
Published: January 2021

Open (open-book) online assessment has become a great tool in higher education, which is frequently used for monitoring learning progress and teaching effectiveness. It has been gaining popularity because it is flexible to use and makes response behavior data available for researchers to study response processes. However, some challenges are encountered in analyzing these data, such as how to handle outlying response time, how to make use of the information from item response order, how item response time, response order and item scores are related, and how to help classroom teachers quickly check whether student responses are aligned with the design of the assessment. The purposes of this study are 3-fold: (1) to provide a solution for handling outlying response times due to the design of open online formative assessments (i.e., ample or unrestricted testing time), (2) to propose a new measure for investigating the item response order, and (3) to discuss two analytical approaches that are useful for studying response behaviors–data visualization and the Bayesian generalized linear mixed effects model (B-GLMM). An application of these two approaches is illustrated using open online quiz data. Our findings obtained from B-GLMM showed that item response order was related to item response time, but not to item scores; and item response time was related to item scores, but its effects were moderated by the cognitive level. Additionally, the findings from both B-GLMM and data visualization were consistent, which assisted instructors to see the alignment of student responses with the assessment design.