bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dyspnea: neurobiological and clinical aspects
Authors: Chuchalin Alexander G.
Published: December 2021

The aim. The presented material reflects the results of studies by Russian specialists conducted under the auspices of the Russian Respiratory Society over the past 15 years. The article also includes the main provisions set out in the III Guidelines for dyspnea. A significant part of the manual is devoted to the recent achievements in studying neurophysiological processes in the brain structures during the development of dyspnea. These achievements were driven by image-diagnosis methods. An important aspect of this series of works for the clinical practice was identifying dyspnea domains and developing the instruments to assess severity.

Results. Analysis of the data on dyspnea from the clinical practice showed a highly heterogenic clinical picture, which must be taken into account in the management of individual patients. A diagnostic algorithm for long-term follow-up of patients with dyspnea syndrome is also discussed. The attention of doctors is drawn to the features of dyspnea during COVID-19; the disproportion between the sensory perception of respiratory discomfort and the degree of oxygen desaturation is emphasized.

Conclusion. It was concluded that in the Russian-speaking environment of patients, doctors should actively use a verbal characteristic of dyspnea - the “language of dyspnea”.
First assessment of comparative efficacy of virtual bronchoscopy and radial endobronchial ultrasound for minimally invasive diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions
Authors: Chesalina Yana O. , Karpina Natalya L. , Berezovskij Yuri S. , Shishova Svetlana V. , Sivokozov Ilya V.
Published: December 2021

Data regarding the efficacy of virtual bronchoscopy (VB) compared to radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS) for minimally invasive diagnostics of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) are still controversial.

Aim. To assess the comparative efficacy of VB versus VB plus rEBUS in patients with PPLs.

Methods. The study enrolled 36 subjects with PPLs detected by chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). All patients had bronchoscopy with various biopsy methods (based on navigation) alone or in combination with each other, followed by cytological, histological (if the biopsy sample was available), and microbiological analysis of the specimens. The subjects were randomized into two groups depending on the navigation technique: VB + rEBUS group (I) and VB group (II). VB (Osirix) was done as a planning procedure before real bronchoscopy with rEBUS navigation (Olympus UM-S20-17S) in group I. In group II VB was the only navigation technique.

Results. Overall diagnostic yield (d. y.) reached 60% and 56% for groups I and II, respectively. In group I, the d.y. reached 86% for malignancy and 42% for other benign diseases. In group II, the d.y. reached 100% for malignancy and 36% for other benign diseases. The navigation efficacy was higher in the presence of a draining bronchus sign according to chest HRCT, lesion size more than 20 mm, upper lobe peripheral lesion. In group I, detecting the lesion with the ultrasound radial mini probe was also a predictor of efficacy. In group II, abnormal intraluminal bronchial anatomy according to VB as a sign of central lung cancer was also a predictor of efficacy.

Conclusion. Both rEBUS and VB are safe and effective navigation techniques that provide for highly effective minimally invasive diagnosis of PPLs. VB could be a sound alternative when rEBUS is unavailable.
Analysis of association between histamine receptor gene HRH1, HRH2, HRH3, HRH4 polymorphisms and asthma in children
Authors: Savelieva Olga N. , Karunas Aleksandra S. , Fedorova Yuliya Yu. , Gatiyatullin Radik F. , Etkina Esfir I. , Khusnutdinova Elza K.
Published: December 2021

Asthma is a common multifactorial disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract. Insufficient control of asthma symptoms significantly reduces the patient’s quality of life, leads to the risk for more severe disease and disability. It is important to research the role of gene polymorphisms encoding proteins involved in various stages of histamine metabolism, which is one of the known mediators of allergic reactions.

The aim of the study was to investigate histamine receptor gene polymorphisms (HRH1, HRH2, HRH3, HRH4) in children with asthma and the control group.

Methods. The study of HRH1 (rs901865), HRH2 (rs2067474), HRH3 (rs3787429), HRH4 (rs11665084) gene polymorphisms in asthma patients and healthy individuals aged 2 - 17 years of different ethnicities living in the Republic of Bashkortostan was carried out. Genotyping of polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction with fluorescence detection.

Results. In Tatars, rs901865*CT genotype and rs901865*T allele of HRH1 gene were associated with asthma development and decrease in spirometry measures (MEF25). In Tatars, a statistically significant model of the interaction between HRH1 (rs901865), HRH3 (rs3787429), and HRH4 (rs11665084) gene polymorphisms that leads to the risk of asthma was established.

Conclusion. The results of this study reveal certain aspects of asthma pathogenesis and suggest the possible involvement of polymorphic variants of histamine receptors genes HRH1, HRH3, HRH4 in the development of asthma.
Changes in lung inflation in asthma in patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Аfanas’eva Evgeniya Yu. , Prikhodko Anna G. , Il’in Andrey V. , Perelman Juliy M.
Published: December 2021

The scientific literature does not provide enough information on whether bronchial hyperresponsiveness to hypoosmotic stimulus in patients with asthma can lead to more pronounced disturbances of regional lung ventilation.

Aim. to characterize lung inflation in asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness.

Methods. The lung inflation was studied by body plethysmography, as well as by three-dimensional volumetry, planimetry, and multispiral CT densitometry in 24 patients (group 1) with persistent mild asthma and osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness, identified by the bronchoprovocation test with inhalation of distilled water (IDW) (the average ДРБУ1 was —21.1 ± 3.2%). The comparison group (group 2) consisted of 49 patients with no response to IDW (the average ДББУ1 was —3.7 ± 0.5%; p = 0.00001).

Results. Group 1 had lower lung function (FEVj was 83.6 ± 4.5%; FEF50 was 58.1 ± 5.8%) at baseline in comparison with the group 2 (96.7 ± 2.2%, p = 0.0042 and 75.5 ± 2.2%, p = 0.016, respectively) and higher indices of lung inflation at body plethysmography (RV was 153.2 ± 12.5 and 127.5 ± 4.0%, respectively; p = 0,027; RV/TLC was 128.8 ± 5.5 and 109.9 ± 2.8%, respectively; p = 0.015). According to three-dimensional volumetry, the indicators of expiratory lung inflation (526.0 ± 117.8 vox) and average residual inflation of both lungs (13.1 ± 2.6 vox) in group 1 were significantly higher than in group 2 (301.5 ± 55.8 vox, р < 0.05 and 9.1 ± 1.6 vox,р < 0,05, respectively). The patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness also showed higher values of the expiratory area in the middle zone (235.3 ± 29.4 and 149.2 ± 14.9 pix, respectively; p = 0.00 47) and the lower zone (292.3 ± 37.9 and 178.6 ± 18.6 pix, respectively; p = 0.0034) of the lungs.

Conclusion. Asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness have lung hyperinflation with impaired lung ventilation predominantly in the middle and lower zones.
Neuropeptide Y as a potential biomarker in patients with asthma and obesity
Authors: Shkatova Yanina S. , Avdeev Sergey N. , Budnevsky Andrey V. , Tribuntceva Ludmila V.
Published: December 2021

The phenotype of asthma with obesity is particularly difficult to treat, while its prevalence is increasing. In recent years, special attention has been paid to neuropeptide Y (NPY) due to its possible effect on the severity of the clinical course of asthma.

Aim. To identify the relationship between the level of NPY and the clinical course of asthma in patients with obesity and overweight.

Methods. The study included 113 patients (27, or 23.89% of men and 86, or 76.11% of women) diagnosed with asthma of moderate severity, whose average age was 57.81 ± 13.05 years. Patients were divided into three groups — with normal body weight, overweight, and obesity. The examination included spirometry, body mass index (BMI), and a questionnaire. Also, Asthma Control Test (ACT) was used. The levels of leptin, adiponectin, NPY, and general oxidative damage were measured in all patients.

Results. Asthma control was significantly lower in the group of patients with asthma and obesity compared with the normal body weight and overweight patients. Leptin level was significantly higher in the group of patients with asthma and obesity compared with the normal body weight and overweight patients. The level of NPY was significantly higher in the group of patients with obesity than in the patients with normal body weight and overweight. No significant differences in the level of adiponectin were found between the groups. The NPY level had a high inverse correlation with VLC index, a moderate/medium inverse correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, forced expiratory flow (FEF) at 25%; forced vital capacity, Tiffno index, FEF 50%, peak expiratory flow, ACT score, and a moderate positive correlation with the level of total oxidative damage.

Conclusion. A higher level of NPY is observed in patients with asthma and obesity. This level has an inverse correlation with spirometric parameters, asthma control (evaluated via ACT) and a positive correlation with the level of general oxidative damage, which indicates a possible proinflammatory effect of NPY that contributes to an unfavorable course of asthma. Thus, further studies are required to establish the nature of the relationship between NPY and asthma exacerbations, as well as the mechanism of NPY influence on asthma pathogenesis.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: association of serum melatonin, increased daytime sleepiness, and intermitting night hypoxemia
Authors: Madaeva Irina M. , Kurashova Nadezhda A. , Semenova Natalya V. , Ukhinov Erdem B. , Berdina O. N. , Bairova Tatyana A. , Belskikh Alexey V. , Kolesnikova Lyubov I. , Kolesnikov Sergey I.
Published: December 2021

The relevance of studies related to the features of respiratory disorders during sleep is undeniable due to the steady growth of the worldwide prevalence of apnea syndrome, which leads to a decrease in quality of life, the risk of early cardiovascular diseases together with cerebrovascular, endocrine, and pulmonary disorders.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the morning serum melatonin, blood oxygen saturation (SрO2), and increased daytime sleepiness in patients with SOAS, as well as to assess changes in the production of endogenous melatonin after eliminating clinical manifestations of nocturnal hypoxemia, through a 3-month course of non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. The study enrolled 30 male patients who came to the Federal State Public Scientific Institution “Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems” because of snoring, sleep apnea, and increased daytime sleepiness.

Methods. Polysomnography, questionnaire, HPLC-MS/MS analysis of serum melatonin levels, CPAP-therapy for the respiratory support at home for 3 months, monitoring of the sleep scores, serum melatonin, and daytime sleepiness after the treatment.

Results. A comparative assessment of the sleep scores before and after the respiratory support for 3 months revealed a significant improvement in sleep structure, elimination of the apnea episodes, and restoration of blood SрO2 after the therapy. Analysis of the serum melatonin vales confirmed a statistically significant increase of melatonin level against baseline in patients with SOAS after the treatment. A correlation analysis showed a relationship between the melatonin level, daytime sleepiness, and blood SрO2.

Conclusion. The results of this study and the data of other researchers demonstrate that the elimination of intermittent nocturnal hypoxia in patients with SOAS allows reducing the morning serum melatonin level, thereby reducing the daytime sleepiness and subsequently improving the quality of life.
A new delivery device for benralizumab (autoinjector, pen-injector device) in the clinical practice of treating severe eosinophilic asthma: Conclusion of the Expert Council
Authors: Avdeev Sergey N. , Emelyanov Alexandr V. , Kurbacheva Oksana M. , Marusenko Irina M. , Novikov Pavel I. , Rizakhanova Olga A. , Shul’zhenko Larisa V.
Published: December 2021

The emergence of new means of administering genetically-engineered biological drugs, such as an autoinjector (pen injector device), can positively affect the organizational aspects of treating patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SA) who need biological therapy.

The aim. To determine the place of a new delivery device for benralizumab (autoinjector, pen injector device) in the clinical practice of treating eosinophilic SA.

Results. The expert council considered the results of the latest clinical studies and real practice data on the use of genetically-engineered biological drugs in the form of an autoinjector. The experts discussed the safety and efficacy of this delivery device and recommended considering the possibility of switching eosinophilic SA patients to self-administration of genetically-engineered biological drugs (autoinjector form) at home. This treatment tactic is especially relevant in the current epidemiological situation since it will reduce the risks of infection compared to planned medical care in inpatient or outpatient treatment settings and reduce the burden for healthcare workers.

Conclusion. The practice of switching eosinophilic SA patients to self-administration of biologics in the form of an autoinjector (pen injector device) can improve the adherence to biological therapy and quality of life of this group of patients.
The achievements of pulmonology and the main directions of further improvement of medical care in the Russian Federation
Authors: Bilichenko Tatiana N. , Shutov Alexey A.
Published: December 2021

The development of pulmonology in Russia is linked with the creative activity of the Scientific Research Institute of Pulmonology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency (Research Institute of Pulmonology of the FMBA) and its scientific school.

The aim of the analytical review was to assess the role and contribution of the research team of the Research Institute of Pulmonology in improving the quality of medical care to the population of Russia.

Methods. The data of medical statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on morbidity and mortality of the population due to respiratory diseases (RD) from 2004 - 2018 are analyzed. The publications on scientific research conducted with the participation of employees of the Research Institute of Pulmonology for the period from 2005 to 2020 were studied.

Results. Over the past 30 years in Russia, with the participation of the staff of the Research Institute of Pulmonology, the state task of creating a system for organizing medical care for the population with RD has been successfully solved. The study and implementation of modern innovative approaches in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of RD, the training of primary care physicians allowed to improve the quality of medical care to patients to the level of world standards. For the period from 2004 - 2018 the mortality of the population from RD 35.6% decrease was registered. During the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, the use of pulmonology achievements in clinical practice contributed to a decrease in the frequency of deaths in people with COVID-19.

Conclusion. Currently, the Research Institute of Pulmonology of the FMBA of Russia retains a leading position in the country in the field of fundamental scientific research, innovative methods of diagnosis and treatment of RD, educational activities and training of specialists in the field of pulmonology.
Secretory immunoglobulin A of the respiratory system and COVID-19
Authors: Kryukova Nadezhda O. , Rakunova Ekaterina B. , Kostinov M. P. , Baranova Irina A. , Svitich Oxana A.
Published: December 2021

The main focus in the course of COVID-19 goes on assessing the overall immune response. The role of mucosal immunity in this disease has not been studied sufficiently.

The studyaimed to analyze published data about secretory IgA as a significant indicator of the mucosal immune response of the respiratory tract in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods.Articles were identified via PubMed bibliographic database. The time-span of research was two years (2020, 2021).

Results.The search identified 54 articles. There is evidence that secretory IgA (sIgA) is the main antibody isotype of the mucosal immunity. It is produced in quantities significantly higher than those of all other isotypes of immunoglobulins combined. sIgA antibodies are effective against various pathogens, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus, due to mechanisms such as neutralization, suppression of adhesion to the mucosal surface and invasion of epithelial cells, agglutination and facilitating the removal of pathogenic microorganisms with the mucosal secretions. Virus-specific IgA antibodies in the blood serum are detected in patients with COVID-19 as early as two days after the first symptoms, while IgM or IgG class antibodies appear only after 5 days. We accessed the efficacy of intranasal immunization as to induction of predominant production of sIgA in the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Conclusion.The current information on the local immune response of the respiratory mucosa is important for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease, diagnosis, and development of new methods of treatment and prevention of COVID-19.
Respiratory pathophysiology in obesity
Authors: Sergeeva Victoria A.
Published: December 2021

In the modern world, obesity is the most important medical and social problem that requires an interdisciplinary approach. Many diseases of the respiratory system are caused by obesity.

Aim. The review analyzes scientific sources on respiratory disorders in patients with obesity from the open-access electronic libraries PubMed and eLibrary published in the last 15 years.

Methods. A comparative systematical assessment of the results of these studies was carried out. The mechanical effects of excess body weight on the respiratory apparatus have been singled out. The current views about cellular and humoral effects of adipose tissue on the development of respiratory pathology have been given.

Conclusion. The analysis results present evidence of the multifactorial negative influence of excessive body weight on the respiratory system. Some aspects of the role of obesity in the development of respiratory disorders require further study. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms behind the influence of obesity on the respiratory apparatus is essential for developing the patient management strategy.
DRESS/DIHS syndrome induced by sulfasalazine
Authors: Demko Irina V. , Sobko Elena A. , Ischenko Olga P. , Kraposhina Angelina Yu. , Aristarchova Larisa V. , Gordeeva Natalia V. , Deyhina Anna S.
Published: December 2021

Among the manifestations of drug hypersensitivity, DRESS/DIHS syndrome is of particular importance. The clinical manifestations include rash, enlarged lymph nodes, fever, hepatitis, leukocytosis with eosinophilia, as well as the involvement of other organs and systems. The most common causative agents include anticonvulsants, antidepressants, sulfanilamides, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and allopurinol, but the list is constantly expanding. The exact pathogenesis of DRESS/DIHS syndrome is currently unclear. Timely diagnosis and adequate therapy can improve prognosis of this disease. In our clinical case, DRESS syndrome developed after the patient was administered sulfasalazine for erosive proctosigmoiditis. In order to ensure adequate prevention, early diagnosis, and proper management of DRESS syndrome, it is necessary to raise awareness of practitioners of different specialties about the possibility of developing this undesirable reaction to pharmacotherapy.
Women Participation in Rural Tourism: A Case of Ella, Sri Lanka
Authors: Rasanjali Chamika , Sivashankar Pathmanathan , Mahaliyanaarachchi Rohana P.
Published: December 2021

Tourism industry is one of sectors that have potential to develop and grow in the next few years in Sri Lanka. According to Tourism Development Strategy of Sri Lanka, tourism industry is expected to be the largest foreign exchange earner by 2024. The principal focus of this study was to explore major factors that affect women’s participation and non-participation in the hospitality industry in Ella DS division Sri Lanka. The study used a deductive approach, and primary data were collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire. Samples were 60 women, consisting of thirty women involved in the hospitality industry and thirty women of the non-hospitality industry, randomly selected. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.  The results found that the differences in language skills and problem-solving had the most significant effect on women’s participation in hospitality industry. Besides, childcare responsibility and lack of experience were affected women’s involvement in this industry. The results also showed that most of the non-hospitality workers have language barriers (33.3%), lack of knowledge about tourism industry (23.3%), and lack of opportunities to engage in tourism work (13.3%). Based on the results, 53.3% of 30 non-hospitality workers had an idea to be involved in tourism and hospitality industry in the future, while the remaining 46.6% had no idea to be involved.
CULTURA E CLASSE NA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR BRASILEIRA: IGUALDADE COMO CONDIÇÃO DO PLURALISMO
Authors: Rodrigues Rubens Luiz
Published: December 2021

O artigo analisa o pluralismo cultural como uma conquista advinda das lutas por igualdade nas condições sociais. A primeira parte problematiza a globalização capitalista, considerando que o pluralismo que prescinde da igualdade gera um processo de fragmentação social. A segunda parte destaca a educação escolar pública brasileira como lugar das lutas dos trabalhadores em resistência aos processos de dominação. Por fim, salienta a igualdade nas condições de socialização do saber no centro da construção da educação como um direito universal. Reforça que a escola pública pode articular pluralismo cultural e igualdade de condições educacionais na perspectiva da classe trabalhadora.
PESQUISAR A EDUCAÇÃO DA CLASSE MÉDIA NO BRASIL: POSSÍVEIS DIÁLOGOS ENTRE BOURDIEU E O NEOMARXISMO
Authors: Boklis Golbspan Ricardo
Published: December 2021

O artigo dedica-se a uma discussão teórica sobre a análise da educação da classe média brasileira. Partindo do problema de como endereçar a lacunar, mas fundamental pesquisa sobre a educação desse estrato, o artigo oferece uma perspectiva de diálogo crítico entre referenciais a partir de Bourdieu e a partir do Neomarxismo. Ao apresentar a contribuição de Bourdieu, o artigo perpassa conceitos fundamentais, como habitus, capital cultural e distinção social, porém enfatizando como a teoria ajuda a pesquisar a classe média, indo além da tradição de olhar para a desigualdade educacional apenas do ponto de vista do fracasso escolar. No entanto, para dialogar com deste referencial, o artigo propõe uma articulação com o aparato neomarxista, em particular a partir dos conceitos de hegemonia, senso comum e articulação. Deste modo, a incorporação da subjetividade de classe média é vista como relacionada com a objetividade das relações estruturais de maneira complexa, histórica e contraditória. O objetivo do texto, portanto, é o de contribuir para o debate no campo dos estudos sociológicos da educação fornecendo possibilidades e questionamentos de ordem teórica e metodológica. Fazendo uso de revisão de literatura, o estudo traz como resultados reorientações para o estudo de como a desigualdade de classe se relaciona com a educação, concluindo que há espaço para novos desenvolvimentos neste campo a partir do estudo da classe média.
AN ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL AIMS IN TURKEY: A SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CONTEXT
Authors: Adiguzel Oktay Cem
Published: December 2021

Que tipo de modelo humano deve ser o objetivo da educação? Neste estudo, os significados atribuídos aos objetivos da educação e representações do modelo humano foram examinados com base em abordagens ontológicas, ideológicas e psicológicas, e a mudança histórica dos objetivos educacionais no sistema educacional turco. A Turquia, um país integrado aos sistemas internacionais, tem sido constantemente afetado pelas transformações mundiais ideológicas, econômicas e sociais e buscou adaptar-se a essas transformações com as regulamentações do sistema educacional. No âmbito deste estudo, os objetivos do sistema educacional turco e as representações do modelo humano juntamente com as transformações socioeconômicas e políticas foram analisados no processo histórico desde os anos de fundação da República. Neste contexto, os períodos de transformação foram determinados examinando-se as estruturas de pensamento dominantes no sistema educacional turco e a e discutindo-se a mudança nos objetivos educacionais nesses períodos.

Abstract: What kind of a human model should be the aim of education? In this study, the meanings attributed to the aims of education and human model depictions were examined based on ontological, ideological and psychological approaches and the historical change of educational objectives in the Turkish education system. Turkey, a country integrated with international systems, has been constantly affected by the ideological, economic and social transformations in the world, and sought to adapt to this transformation with the regulations for the education system. Within the scope of this study, the aims of the Turkish education system and the human model depictions together with socio-economic and political transformations were analyzed in the historical process since the foundation years of the Republic. In this context, the periods of transformation were determined by examining the thinking structures dominant in the Turkish education system, and the change in educational aims in these periods were discussed.
Etnografía e investigación-creación
Authors: Beltran-Luengas Elsa Maria
Published: December 2021

En las áreas de conocimiento creativas se ha venido popularizando, en las últimas décadas, el enfoque etnográfico en los procesos de investigación-creación. Sin embargo, falta claridad acerca de las implicaciones y posibilidades de hacer etnografía y de las razones por las cuales esta aproximación facilita la articulación de la investigación con la creación. Este artículo busca aclarar la relación entre etnografía e investigación-creación, precisando qué significa construir una descripción densa, de qué se trata la observación participante y de dónde surge la necesidad de utilizar formas de expresión diferentes a la escrita. Con tal propósito, se discutirán el alejamiento del positivismo y la inauguración de las etnografías experimentales, con ejemplos concretos.
Systematization of scientific approaches to development of border cooperation and management practice of their application: innovative aspect
Authors: Khmeleva Galina A. , Pavlov Yuriy V.
Published: December 2021

The most important factor in ensuring the well-being and prosperity of the region is its potential for integration into national and international production and economic systems, which are additional sources of necessary resources for development. In this sense, the border regions of the countries have a unique resource the ability to directly enter the foreign market, but they use this resource in different ways. The efficient use of the potential of the border position makes an additional contribution to the territorial capital. It is now recognized that boundaries do not so much hinder communication and the formation of relationships, but also direct them in a positive direction and predetermine. In this regard, the authors set themselves the goal of systematizing and revealing the practical application of scientifically based approaches to the development of cross-border cooperation. The authors came to the conclusion that, from a practical point of view, for the development of cross- border cooperation, it is currently advisable to use the institutional, cluster and spatial approaches, which allows a comprehensive approach to the development of triggering mechanisms for bilateral processes. The need to supplement the existing theoretical and methodological apparatus with the theory of cooperation between competitors (B. Neilbuff, A. Brandenburger) is noted, which will allow to define and systematize the "fine" criteria that govern the subjects of foreign economic activity, to better understand the balance of interests. To this end, it was proposed to monitor the currently used cooperation mechanisms based on the PVP approach of limology, to assess the relevance of existing mechanisms and identify gaps in measures to support cross-border cooperation on the basis of the methodological approaches of a randomized controlled trial.
Implementation of the state policy in the field of innovation
Authors: Tyukavkin Nikolay M. , Matveeva Yulia V.
Published: December 2021

In the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, the main goal is to ensure the competitiveness and independence of the state by forming an effective system of the most complete application and development of the intellectual potential of the state. The main directions in the work of the Government of the Russian Federation, for the period up to 2024, is the formation of conditions for the entry of the Russian Federation into the top five leading countries in the field of R D, represented by the priorities of scientific and technological development of the state, determined by this Strategy.These areas are represented by the Program, which is the main mechanism for implementing the Strategy. It is aimed at increasing the socio-economic effect of applying the results of scientific research and intellectual activity, significantly increasing the efficiency of using budget funds and extra-budgetary sources to finance R D, by switching to the qualified customer model. The Strategy also provides for measures to develop the level of capitalization of the educational potential of the population to fulfill the tasks of technical modernization of industrial production, development of entrepreneurial structures of all types, attracting talents, social mobility, ensuring the required rates of economic growth, as well as the quality of life of society
Issue of crypto currency as a means of achieving scientific and technological progress
Authors: Terent'ev Viktor N. , Petrov Konstantin G.
Published: December 2021

The distribution of federal budget funds for 2021-2023 years shows a tendency to reduce the cost of maintaining high-tech innovative research. The problem of attracting funds to innovative activities is becoming one of the main areas of activity. The subject of the study is the system of financing, including through investment mechanisms, research and development activities in the conduct of high-tech research, design developments. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for financing research and development activities through the institution of ICO projects. The following methods are used: empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; private-scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and method of interpretation of legal norms. The analysis of the existing system of financing high-tech research and design development is carried out, and the main problems of the existing system of implementing state space programs are highlighted. The features of the issue of crypto currency through ICO projects for the implementation of scientific research are disclosed. This study proposes a model for the development of economic relations between the private sector involved in the implementation of domestic scientific research and the customer, represented by the Government of the Russian Federation. The presented model of interaction of participants of the domestic market of space technologies is aimed at creating favorable conditions for the development of domestic cosmonautics, conducting research and development activities. The proposed model of issuing crypto currency through ICO projects for the implementation of scientific research will increase the funding of domestic research and development activities. The stabilization of investment processes that contribute to long-term planning of investment returns will allow large financial flows of private investors to be poured into scientific and technical research. As a result, a planned increase in investment activity is expected, which allows launching innovative projects on a federal scale without attracting budget funds.
Niewidomi we wspólnocie religijnej. Potrzeby i trudności
Authors: Maciejewska Magdalena
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu, mającego charakter teoretyczno-empiryczny, jest zaprezentowanie potrzeb i trudności, których doświadczyły badane osoby z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową zaangażowane w działalność wspólnot religijnych. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na potrzeby skoncentrowane na „ja” oraz potrzeby skoncentrowane na „ty”, a także na ograniczenia o charakterze zewnętrznym oraz wewnętrznym. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w oparciu o strategię jakościową, metodę indywidualnych przypadków i z wykorzystaniem techniki wywiadu pogłębionego. W gronie respondentów znalazło się 10 osób zmagających się z dysfunkcjami wzroku, które przynależą lub w przeszłości przynależały do wspólnot religijnych. W artykule rozpatrywano m.in. to, w jaki sposób bycie członkiem określonej grupy o charakterze religijnym umożliwiało realizację istotnych dla respondentów potrzeb, a także z jakimi ograniczeniami musieli się w związku z tym zmagać.
POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE PROMOÇÃO DE SAÚDE E POLÍTICA NACIONAL DO ESPORTE: UM VÍNCULO NECESSÁRIO
Authors: Guirelli Agnes Ramos , Cabral Ana Luiza Costa e Silva , Salum Edneia De Oliveira , Accioly Marilita Falangola , Santos Adele Ferreira dos , Bertoncello Dernival , Walsh Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de
Published: December 2021

A Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS) e a Política Nacional do Esporte (PNE) enfrentam dificuldades para a inclusão social, sobre falta de conhecimento dos gestores, escassez de desenvolvimento técnico-científico, carência de investimentos governamentais, mas, principalmente, grande necessidade de implementação de ações eficazes das duas partes. Com todas as dificuldades enfrentadas pela PNPS no que diz respeito à implementação eficaz de suas ações, é visto que o esporte, no âmbito educacional e de participação, tem tido investimentos escassos por parte do governo federal, contrariando as premissas de inclusão social e de incentivo à saúde e lazer. Tendo a saúde como um componente central dessas políticas, faz-se essencial destacar a importância de fortalecer a articulação das políticas nacionais. Vários preceitos devem ser revistos e destacados para melhorar e ampliar a PNE e suas estratégias de implementação, levando em consideração a importância de fortalecer a articulação de políticas públicas como a PNPS e a PNE, que têm objetivos e diretrizes semelhantes, visando elaborar estratégias mais eficazes no que diz respeito à prática de atividade física regular e saúde da população em geral. Ainda, cabe aos profissionais da saúde atuar em ações intersetoriais, inter e transdisciplinares, pretendendo a integralidade da assistência. É importante alinhar as políticas e utilizar o esporte recreativo como estratégia de promoção da saúde, por meio de ações que abranjam os dois objetivos: promoção da saúde e democratização do esporte.
HUMANIZAÇÃO EM SAÚDE: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA NA FORMAÇÃO ACADÊMICA
Authors: Silveira Beatriz da , Gomes Claudia , Barbosa Letícia Fechio , Vilela Luiza Carnevalli , Reis Maria Clara Soares dos
Published: December 2021

Estudos têm evidenciado o distanciamento existente entre o ensino proposto pelas universidades e as necessidades de mudança para um maior atendimento humanizado da população. Assim, este estudo, por meio de uma pesquisa de levantamento exploratório, lançou como objetivo evidenciar a presença da temática Humanização na Saúde no contexto formativo de estudantes dos cursos da área da saúde. Para tanto, foi utilizado um questionário de autopreenchimento aplicado a 40 estudantes dos cursos de Fisioterapia, Odontologia, Enfermagem e Biomedicina de uma Universidade Federal da Região Sul Mineira. Após a análise quantitativa dos dados, os resultados apontaram que 81,8% dos estudantes confirmam a presença das discussões teóricas sobre humanização na formação; apenas 54,5% indicam que os professores inseriram ações práticas sobre o tema, assim como 68,2% dos acadêmicos sentem-se preparados para a atuação profissional com base em tais pressupostos. Conclui-se que os resultados são bastante animadores ao indicarem a presença do tema, mas, ao mesmo tempo, são preocupantes, pois, como se sabe, o debate do pressuposto em Humanização em Saúde demanda a revisão de práticas formativas e de atuação profissional, fato não evidenciado a partir dos resultados. Entende-se que a divergência entre as relações teóricas e práticas dos postulados da Humanização em Saúde na formação acadêmica possa contribuir sobremaneira para a leitura romantizada dos pressupostos humanizadores, sem que, de fato, os postulados políticos, éticos, teóricos e metodológicos tenham sido apropriados pelos estudantes.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS HIPERTENSOS DA ZONA URBANA DE UBERABA-MG
Authors: Monteiro Damiana Aparecida Trindade , Dias Flávia Aparecida , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini  de , Nascimento Matheus Amarante do , Rodrigues Leiner Resende , Souza Darlene Mara Tavares de , Bertolini Sonia Maria Marques Gomes , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do , Viana Dayane Aparecida
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: comparar a qualidade de vida (QV) de idosos hipertensos em função de variáveis sociodemográficas. Métodos: Pesquisa transversal da qual participaram 635 idosos, de ambos os sexos (212 homens e 423 mulheres), residentes na zona urbana de Uberaba-MG. Como instrumentos, foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico, o World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment versão curta (WHOQOL-BREF) e o WHOQOL-OLD. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio dos testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis (p < 0,05). Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram que os homens apresentaram escore superior ao das mulheres em todos os domínios e facetas de QV (p < 0,05). Os idosos com mais de 80 anos, com companheiros (as), com maior renda mensal e com maior nível de escolaridade apresentaram melhor percepção de QV em detrimento dos idosos mais jovens, sem companheiro (a) , com menor renda mensal e pior escolaridade (p < 0,05) respectivamente. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que fatores sociodemográficos como sexo, idade, renda mensal, estado civil e escolaridade podem ser considerados elementos intervenientes na percepção de QV dos idosos hipertensos da zona urbana.
INTEGRALIDADE NA SAÚDE E FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: VIVÊNCIA DE ESTUDANTES DE FISIOTERAPIA
Authors: Nunes Maria Julia De Siqueira e Torres , Costa Juliana Monteiro , Silva Thálita Cavalcanti Menezes da
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: investigar a vivência da integralidade em saúde de estudantes do curso de fisioterapia. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior de Pernambuco, por meio de um grupo focal com estudantes do curso de fisioterapia. A discussão foi gravada, transcrita e analisada pela Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática, a partir das três etapas propostas por Minayo. Resultados e discussão: as sete participantes da pesquisa eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade 23,4 anos. Observou-se um conhecimento aprofundado sobre a integralidade na saúde. Entre os fatores potencializadores, foram abordados o modelo de estágio integrado, a presença dos preceptores como auxiliares na formação do perfil profissional e a inserção precoce na prática com abordagem biopsicossocial dos sujeitos, com ênfase na atenção básica. Como principal fragilidade, foi citado o perfil do profissional com formação no modelo biomédico e consequente dificuldade em trabalhar no modelo de integralidade. Conclusão: as estudantes mostraram conhecimento acerca da integralidade na saúde, não apenas no seu conceito básico, mas incorporando o seu amplo sentido no cuidado aos pacientes. Elas percebem a complexidade dos sujeitos na sua totalidade, e não de forma compartimentalizada. Apesar dos resultados satisfatórios quanto à vivência e à incorporação da integralidade na formação das estudantes, por se tratar de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa com um pequeno número de participantes e de apenas com um curso, não se pode generalizar os dados. Portanto, sugerem-se pesquisas com outras Instituições públicas e privadas de Pernambuco que ofertam o curso de fisioterapia.
PREVALÊNCIA DA INFECÇÃO POR HTLV EM GESTANTES DE RISCO QUE REALIZARAM O PRÉ-NATAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE BELÉM
Authors: Silva Cristina Maria da , Alcântara Rita Critina Cotta , Braga Sidney De Assis Serra , Lira Soanne Chyara Soares
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: descrever a prevalência da infecção por vírus linfotrópico-T humano (HTLV) em gestantes que realizaram o pré-natal no município de Belém. Método: trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo. A investigação foi desenvolvida em uma Unidade de Referência Especializada em Atenção à Saúde da Mulher. Foi realizada análise de 479 de um universo de 800 prontuários cujo período compreendeu os anos de 2014 a 2018. Resultado: foi identificada a prevalência de 2,8% de HTLV na amostra, e o perfil sociodemográfico dessas mulheres revela que a maioria encontra-se na faixa etária de 25 a 39 anos, é parda (66,67%), vive em uma união estável (50,0%), estudou até o ensino médio (50,0%) e possui uma renda familiar de até dois salários mínimos (83,33%). Em relação ao perfil clínico, a maioria teve a primeira relação sexual entre 13 e 17 anos (50,0%), não usa preservativos (50,0%), tem de 1 a 2 filhos (50,0%), a maioria não realizou o aleitamento materno (83,33%), todas as gestantes descobriram a infecção durante o pré-natal (100,0%), uma parte da amostra apresentou coinfecção com outras doenças (33,33%) e todas relataram que não faziam uso de drogas (100,0%). Conclusões: os resultados desta pesquisa revelaram que a amostra estudada apresenta uma prevalência maior do que a encontrada em outros estudos semelhantes; e perfil compatível com comportamento de exposição e possibilidade de transmissão vertical e horizontal do vírus HTLV. Este estudo reafirma a importância do pré-natal na detecção desse vírus e estabelece informações que podem ser adotadas para o melhor diagnóstico e a assistência à mulher que vive com HTLV.
PROJETO DANÇA EM CADEIRA DE RODAS E MOBILIDADE DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA FÍSICA: SÉRIE DE CASOS
Authors: Machado Eduardo Duarte , Mendes Marcella Dias Mazolini , Simoni Mayane Fiorot , Nielsen Mariângela Braga Pereira , Sogame Luciana Carrupt Machado
Published: December 2021

O objetivo foi observar a contribuição de um projeto de dança em cadeira de rodas na mobilidade de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência física. Série de casos de natureza qualitativa com 8 crianças com deficiência física entre 5 e 18 anos participantes do projeto Rodopios e Piruetas de uma clínica escola de fisioterapia. A avaliação foi realizada antes do início do projeto e com 4 meses; utilizou-se de domínios específicos das escalas Medida de Independência Funcional para crianças (WeeFIM) e Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF), aplicada em crianças acima de 7 anos, para avaliar a mobilidade. O projeto é realizado uma vez por semana com duração de duas horas, com enfoque lúdico por meio de movimentos criativos e dança. Realizou-se análise descritiva dos dados. Verificou-se que a maioria das crianças era do sexo feminino e com paralisia cerebral. A WeeFIM foi realizada em três crianças com idade inferior a 7 anos, e observou-se que um participante obteve evolução na mobilidade entre as avaliações, enquanto as demais mantiveram o score inicial. O mesmo resultado foi observado nas outras cinco crianças submetidas à avaliação da MIF. A melhora na habilidade de realizar transferência da cadeira para a cadeira de rodas foi o item responsável pela melhora da mobilidade. A dança em cadeira de rodas contribuiu para locomoção e transferência de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência física, facilitando, assim, mobilidade.
EXIGÊNCIAS PSÍQUICAS E COGNITIVAS DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM DE UM CENTRO CIRÚRGICO
Authors: Miranda Flávia Cristina , Motter Arlete Ana
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar as exigências psíquicas e cognitivas da equipe de enfermagem de um Centro Cirúrgico (CC) e propor recomendações de melhoria nas condições de trabalho. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, transversal e descritivo, com análise qualitativa dos dados. Utilizaram-se observações gerais e sistemáticas, entrevistas semiestruturadas e registros de verbalizações. A população do estudo constituiu-se por enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem que trabalharam no CC de um hospital público, localizado em Curitiba/Paraná – Brasil. Resultados: Os principais constrangimentos do trabalho da equipe de enfermagem no CC estudado relacionam-se a acúmulo de funções, falta de reconhecimento profissional, comunicação não efetiva, falta de equipamentos e insumos, sendo este o principal foco de desgaste. Conclusão: As exigências psíquicas e cognitivas dos profissionais estudados geram sobrecargas que podem afetar a saúde dos servidores, no entanto, parte das dificuldades é amenizada devido à satisfação profissional.
FISIOTERAPIA NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA, EQUILÍBRIO E MARCHA DE IDOSO COM SIDEROSE SUPERFICIAL
Authors: Batista Gislaine Calixto , Oliveira Priscila Santos , Santos Natália Quevedo , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Ferezini Gabriela Portugal , Ferezini Daniela Portugal , Palácio Siméia Gaspar
Published: December 2021

A Fisioterapia visa melhorar a qualidade de vida e a independência do paciente com siderose superficial que apresenta alteração da postura, do equilíbrio e da marcha. Este relato de caso teve o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da Fisioterapia na qualidade de vida, equilíbrio e marcha de um idoso com siderose superficial. A amostra foi composta por um indivíduo do sexo masculino de 64 anos, vendedor, diagnosticado com siderose superficial, cognitivo preservado, oriundo da lista de espera do setor de Fisioterapia da Clínica Escola da Unicesumar, residente em Maringá-PR, que aceitou participar da pesquisa assinando o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido; o qual foi avaliado por meio da escala de Berg e Tinetti e do questionário de qualidade de vida SF-36. Ao término da avaliação, foi submetido a 10 sessões de fisioterapia enfatizando o equilíbrio e marcha; e, ao fim foi reavaliado, para verificação dos resultados alcançados. Neste relato, o paciente obteve um percentual de melhora no equilíbrio, capacidade funcional e saúde mental relacionados com qualidade de vida. Conclui-se que o protocolo de fisioterapia aplicado demonstrou melhorias na qualidade de vida, equilíbrio e marcha de paciente com siderose superficial.