bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multisource Mobile Transfer Learning Algorithm Based on Dynamic Model Compression
Authors: Gao Peng , Li Jingmei , Ding Changhong
Published: March 2022

With the development of the Internet of Things, the application of computer vision on mobile phones is becoming more and more extensive and people have higher and higher requirements for the timeliness of the recognition results returned and the processing capabilities of the mobile phone for image recognition. However, the processing capability and storage capability of the user terminal equipment cannot meet the needs of identifying and storing a large number of pictures, and the data transmission process will cause high energy consumption of the terminal equipment. At the same time, multisource deep transfer learning has outstanding performance in computer vision and image classification. However, due to the huge amount of calculation of the deep network model, it is impossible to use the existing excellent network model to realize image recognition and classification on the mobile terminal. In order to solve the abovementioned problems, we propose a multisource mobile transfer learning algorithm based on dynamic model compression, this algorithm considers the realization of multisource transfer learning computing in the case of multiple mobile device computing source domains, and the method also guarantees data privacy and security for each device (origin domain). Meanwhile, extensive experiments show that our method can achieve remarkable results in popular image classification datasets.
Experimental Study on the Principle of Oxygenation and Oxygenation Performance of Surface Blade Aerator
Authors: Xing Pu , Yu Chen , Li Kangkang , Wu Hui
Published: March 2022

In this article, the principle of aeration of aerator is analyzed through CFD simulation analysis and high-speed camera observation of aerator blades. Firstly, the flow field of oxidation ditch under the influence of a new curved blade aerator is simulated and analyzed. Then, the oxygenation performance of aerator under different operating parameters, that is different immersion depth and speed, is experimentally studied, and the structural optimization design of blade is carried out. Finally, the best parameters affecting oxygenation dynamic efficiency are obtained by fitting the experimental data, which provides a reference for the further optimization design of the aerator.
Cancer Stem Cell Markers for Urinary Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Pu , Liu Da-Hua , Xu Ze-Jun , Ren Fu
Published: March 2022

Cancer stem cell (CSC) refers to cancer cells with stem cell properties, that is, they have the ability of “self-renewal” and “differentiation.” Cancer stem cells exist in cancer cells and are the “culprit” of cancer recurrence and metastasis. It is difficult to be found because of its small amount, and it is difficult for anticancer drugs to produce effects on it. At present, the isolation and identification of cancer stem cells from many solid tumors are still quite difficult, mainly due to the lack of specific molecular markers of cancer stem cells. In this review, cancer stem cell surface markers and functional markers in urinary system were summarized. These markers can provide molecular targets for cancer therapy.
Machine Learning of ZnO Interaction with Immunoglobulins and Blood Proteins in Medicine
Authors: Qader Osman Nasreddin Abdel , Al-Ziyadi Shatha Hallal , Alazzam Malik Bader , Alshawwa Samar Zuhair , Rahman Md Adnan
Published: March 2022

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic illness caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Those with a normal immune system normally recover without treatment. Immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women must be treated regularly. Toxoplasmosis is a serious illness that may reactivate in immunocompromised patients. A retrospective study using machine learning of toxoplasmosis patients at Government Fever Hospital in Gorantla, Guntur, India, included 25 women, eight of whom were pregnant. These included sex, age, symptoms and side effects, pregnancy, ophthalmic, and antitoxoplasmosis titers, and treatment regimens. Protease mobility and specific activity were increased in toxoplasmosis-infected women’s sera, although not significantly (p=0.05). However, there was no discernible decline. The impacts of nanoparticle impact demonstrated a 52.24 percent drop in compound concentration in the presence of zinc nanoparticles, whereas the effect of ZnO nanoparticles was 51.37 percent. Zinc nanoparticles lowered IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in the eye.
Stress Evolution Mechanism and Control Technology for Reversing Mining and Excavation under Mining-Induced Dynamic Pressure in Deep Mine
Authors: Wang Jiyu , Wang Fangtian , Zheng Xigui
Published: March 2022

In order to alleviate the relationship between mining and roadway, the 3204 working face and the 3206 roadway in Shanxi Taitou coal mine are taken as an example, and the width of mining and the support parameters of mining while reversing mining and excavation under dynamic pressure are optimized. The research includes field investigations, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field tests. Based on the characteristics of roof fracture and the distribution of coal pillar stresses that determine the coal pillar is 18.7 m wide, the control scheme of mining while reversing mining and excavation was developed; the stress of coal pillar and the characteristics of roadway deformation and failure are summarized. By means of FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the influence of coal pillar widths and different mining positions on the stability of roadway surrounding rock are discussed. The asymmetric support structure of trapezoidal roadway is proposed as the core support, and the support scheme of dense bolts and anchor cables is proposed. The support of the 3206 return airway is composed of bolt, anchor cable, and anchor mesh, combined with M-shaped steel belt and steel beam. Through the research on the current situation of roadway support, the support scheme is optimized to make the 3206 return airway meet the production requirements, which provides a new breakthrough for roadway support under dynamic pressure in deep mines in China.
The Effects of Vitamins and Micronutrients on Helicobacter pylori Pathogenicity, Survival, and Eradication: A Crosstalk between Micronutrients and Immune System
Authors: Nabavi-Rad Ali , Azizi Mahsa , Jamshidizadeh Shaghayegh , Sadeghi Amir , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh , Yadegar Abbas , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2022

Helicobacter pylori as a class I carcinogen is correlated with a variety of severe gastroduodenal diseases; therefore, H. pylori eradication has become a priority to prevent gastric carcinogenesis. However, due to the emergence and spread of multidrug and single drug resistance mechanisms in H. pylori, as well as serious side effects of currently used antibiotic interventions, achieving successful H. pylori eradication has become exceedingly difficult. Recent studies expressed the intention of seeking novel strategies to improve H. pylori management and reduce the risk of H. pylori-associated intestinal and extragastrointestinal disorders. For which, vitamin supplementation has been demonstrated in many studies to have a tight interaction with H. pylori infection, either directly through the regulation of the host inflammatory pathways or indirectly by promoting the host immune response. On the other hand, H. pylori infection is reported to result in micronutrient malabsorption or deficiency. Furthermore, serum levels of particular micronutrients, especially vitamin D, are inversely correlated to the risk of H. pylori infection and eradication failure. Accordingly, vitamin supplementation might increase the efficiency of H. pylori eradication and reduce the risk of drug-related adverse effects. Therefore, this review aims at highlighting the regulatory role of micronutrients in H. pylori-induced host immune response and their potential capacity, as intrinsic antioxidants, for reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. We also discuss the uncovered mechanisms underlying the molecular and serological interactions between micronutrients and H. pylori infection to present a perspective for innovative in vitro investigations, as well as novel clinical implications.
Assessment of C-Shaped Canal Morphology in Mandibular and Maxillary Second Molars in an Iraqi Subpopulation Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Abdalrahman Kazhan , Talabani Ranjdar , Kazzaz Sara , Babarasul Dlsoz
Published: March 2022

Endodontic treatment is basically dependent on knowledge of the root canal anatomy. The goal of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging to examine the C-shaped canal configuration of mandibular and maxillary second molars in an Iraqi subpopulation. The prevalence and configurations of C-shaped canals were evaluated in 368 mandibular second molars and 369 maxillary second molars using CBCT scans. The effects of gender, age, and unilateral/bilateral on the presence of C-shaped canals were investigated. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine the level of significance (

p
≤
0.05

), and kappa value was used to check reliability of results of the research. In mandibular second molars, the prevalence of C-shaped canals was 17.4%. The prevalence was significantly higher in females (23%) than males (10.4%) using the chi-square test. There is no significant difference in the prevalence of C-shaped canal depending on age and tooth position. The C2 type was the most common (56.3%). This prevalence did not differ with gender, age, or tooth position. In maxillary second molars, C-shaped canals were present in 7.9%. Type I (subtype C) (fusion of 2 root canals MB-DB) was the most common type of fused root (65.5%). There is no significant difference in the prevalence of C-shaped canal depending on the type of fused root, age, and tooth position. The majority of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars were bilateral in both genders, but unilateral presence was more common in maxillary second molars in both genders. Within the limits of this study, C-shaped canals were found to be more common in mandibular second molars than in maxillary second molars in an Iraqi subpopulation.
Comparison of Written and Spoken Instruction to Foster Coordination between Diagram and Equation in Undergraduate Physics Education
Authors: Ruf Verena , Küchemann Stefan , Kuhn Jochen , Klein Pascal
Published: March 2022

Visual–graphical representations are used to visualise information and are therefore key components of learning materials. An important type of convention-based representation in everyday contexts as well as in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) disciplines are vector field plots. Based on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, we aim to optimize an instruction with symbolical-mathematical and visual-graphical representations in undergraduate physics education through spoken instruction combined with dynamic visual cues. For this purpose, we conduct a pre-post study with 38 natural science students who are divided into two groups and instructed via different modalities and with visual cues on the graphical interpretation of vector field plots. Afterward, the students rate their cognitive load. During the computer-based experiment, we record the participants’ eye movements. Our results indicate that students with spoken instruction perform better than students with written instruction. This suggests that the modality effect is also applicable to mathematical-symbolical and convention-based visual-graphical representations. The differences in visual strategies imply that spoken instruction might lead to increased effort in organising and integrating information. The finding of the modality effect with higher performance during spoken instruction could be explained by deeper cognitive processing of the material.
Clinical Application of Early Warning Scoring Based on BiLSTM-Attention in Emergency Obstetric Preexamination and Triage
Authors: Du Song , Jiang Xue , Guo AiLing , Zuo Kun , Zhang Ting
Published: March 2022

Maternity is a special category of population and the criteria for emergency prescreening cannot be directly applied to adults. Therefore, a set of criteria for grading maternal conditions should be established. In this paper, we have combined the semantic analysis technique of BiLSTM-Attention neural network and fuzzy defect risk assessment method, to develop a hybrid approach, to preprocess the text of emergency obstetric prescreening information. Furthermore, we have used word2vec to characterize the word embedding vector and highlight the features related to the degree of defects of emergency obstetric prescreening information through the attention mechanism and obtain the semantic feature vector of the warning information. BiLSTM-Attention neural network has the dual advantages of extracting bidirectional semantic information and giving weight to important judgment information which has effectively improved the semantic understanding accuracy. Experimental tests and application analysis show that the judgment model which is based on proposed method has accurately classified and graded the defects of emergency obstetric prescreening alerts. Additionally, the accuracy and microaverage value are used as evaluation indexes.
Research and Application of the Data Mining Technology in Economic Intelligence System
Authors: Chang Qingqing , Hu Jincheng
Published: March 2022

In the context of the rapid development of the modern economy, information is particularly important in the economic field, and information determines the decision-making of enterprises. Therefore, how to quickly dig out information that is beneficial to the enterprise has become a crucial issue. This topic applies data mining technology to economic intelligent systems and obtains the data object model of economic intelligent systems through the integration of information. This article analyzes the interrelationship between its objects on this basis and uses data mining-related methods to mine it. The establishment of economic intelligence systems not only involves the establishment of mathematical models of economic systems, but also includes research on the algorithms applied to them. How to apply an algorithm to quickly and accurately extract the required economic intelligence domain information from the potential information in the database, or to provide a method to find the best solution, involves the use of association rules and classification prediction methods. The application of data mining algorithms can be used to study the application of economic intelligence systems. This paper develops and designs an economic intelligence information database and realizes the economic intelligence system on this basis, and realizes the research results. Finally, this paper has tested the dataset, and the results show that the classification accuracy of this algorithm is 2.64% higher than that of the ID3 algorithm.
The Promotion of Rural Lodging Development by a Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Artificial Intelligence Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Li Lunfu
Published: March 2022

Intelligent scenic planning and management attempt to take advantage of the discipline in the field of artificial intelligence, to explore new roles and models for planning and decision making with the help of machine learning in academic research and to build a complete scenic intelligent management system. Labour costs and energy costs account for a large share of the operating costs of B&Bs. In order to increase revenue while reducing costs and energy losses, this paper designs an unattended intelligent management system for B&Bs. Based on data mining technology, a large amount of B&B operation data is obtained using a crawler program to provide reference to assist B&B business owners in decision making; using wireless RFID technology, the RSSI value of the corresponding tag is read by a reader to detect changes in the location of the human body, making check-in and check-out management more efficient; the driving circuits of lighting, curtains, and air conditioners are controlled by an STM32 control module.
GIT1 Promotes Axonal Growth in an Inflammatory Environment by Promoting the Phosphorylation of MAP1B
Authors: Wang Qian , Gao Peng , Liu Hao , Chen Jian , Tang Pengyu , Zhao Shujie , Fan Jin , Ren Yongxin , Yin Guoyong
Published: March 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic condition. The loss of the bundle of axons involved in motor conduction in the spinal cord after SCI is the main cause of motor function injury. Presently, axon regeneration in the spinal cord has been studied extensively, but it remains unclear how axon growth is regulated in an inflammatory environment at the cellular level. In the present study, GIT1 knockout (KO) mouse neurons were cultured in a microfluidic device to simulate the growth of axons in an inflammatory environment. The molecular regulation of axon growth in an inflammatory environment by GIT1 was then investigated. We found that the axon growth of GIT1 KO mouse neurons was restricted in an inflammatory environment. Further investigations revealed that in both axons and cell bodies in the inflammatory environment, GIT1 phosphorylated ERK, promoted the entry of Nrf2 into the nucleus, and promoted the transcription of MAP1B, thereby increasing the levels of MAP1B and p-MAP1B and promoting axon growth. We also found that MAP1B could be translated locally in axons and transported in cell bodies and axons. In conclusion, we found that GIT1 regulated axon growth in an inflammatory environment. This provided a theoretical basis for axon regeneration in an inflammatory environment after SCI to develop new treatment options for axon regeneration.
Effect of Boiling on the Nutrient Composition of Solanum Torvum
Authors: Abraham Janice Dwomoh , Sekyere Emmanuel Kwadwo , Gyamerah Isaac
Published: March 2022

The fruits and leaves of Solanum torvum are good sources of nutrients and minerals for the prevention of nutrient deficiencies. However, there is limited information on the effect of boiling on the nutrients, minerals and phytochemicals in the fruits and leaves. This study sought to assess the mineral, macronutrient and phytochemical compositions of fresh and boiled fruits and leaves of S. torvum. Fresh unripe fruit and leaf samples of S. torvum were collected from six communities, boiled, and pulverized for mineral, proximate and phytochemical analyses. The data obtained was subjected to ANOVA and t-test. Solanum torvum was found to contain Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, K, protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, fibre, saponins, tannins, flavanols, terpenoids/steroids and glycosides making it nutritious. The results revealed almost equal concentrations of minerals in fresh and boiled leaves and fruits. A similar observation was made in the case of carbohydrate, crude fat and ash. However, there were significant differences in moisture, protein and crude fibre concentrations in the samples. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponin, tannin, flavonoids, terpenoids/steroids and glycosides in all leaf samples no matter the treatment. There were no flavonoids and terpenoids/steroids in fruits. Boiling nominally reduced and in a few cases, increased concentration of the nutrient composition but did not have significant effect on the concentration of the macro- and micro- minerals in the fruits and leaves. This study suggests that boiling could affects the concentration of nutrients that could be accessed in fruits and leaves of S. torvum.
Study of Fuzzy Fractional Third-Order Dispersive KdV Equation in a Plasma under Atangana-Baleanu Derivative
Authors: Areshi Mounirah , El-Tantawy S. A. , Alotaibi B. M. , Zaland Shamsullah
Published: March 2022

Motivated by the wide-spread of both integer and fractional third-order dispersive Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations in explaining many nonlinear phenomena in a plasma and many other fluid models, thus, in this article, we constructed a system for calculating an analytical solution to a fractional fuzzy third-order dispersive KdV problems. We implemented the Shehu transformation and the iterative transformation technique under the Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative. The achieved series result was contacted and determined the analytic value of the suggested models. For the confirmation of our system, three various problems have been represented, and the fuzzy type solution was determined. The fuzzy results of upper and lower section of all three problems are simulate applying two different fractional orders among zero and one. Because it globalises the dynamic properties of the specified equation, it delivers all forms of fuzzy solutions occurring at any fractional order among zero and one. The present results can help many researchers to explain the nonlinear phenomena that can create and propagate in several plasma models.
Strength Characteristics and Failure Mechanism of Granite with Cross Cracks at Different Angles Based on DIC Method
Authors: Wu Xu , Zhang Liyuan , Sun Jinglai , Guo Qifeng , Pan Jiliang , Gao Jun
Published: March 2022

The engineering rock mass is generally composed of the rock matrix and structural plane and is an anisotropic inhomogeneous geological body. Accidents such as roof collapse and well caving caused by joint and fissure expansion occur frequently during tunnel excavation and service, resulting in serious casualties and economic losses. It is of great theoretical significance and engineering value to study the fracture mechanism of the jointed rock mass to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock and the safe and efficient utilization of the urban underground space. To investigate the effects of crossed cracks on mechanical properties and failure characteristics of rock, wire cutting equipment is employed to make rock samples with different crossed cracks, and then acoustic emission system and digital image correlation technique are used to study the fracture process of rock samples under uniaxial compression. It has been found that the strength of rock samples with a single crack is generally larger than that of samples with cross cracks, and the strength changed with the angle of the crack in a “V” shape. When the angle of preexisting crack is 60°, the rock strength reaches the lowest. The primary crack has a more obvious influence on rock strength and is the main controlling factor of rock fracture. The initiation stress of rock samples with a single crack changes more significantly with angle. When the angle of the primary crack is 45°, the rock sample is most prone to crack initiation failure, and the crack initiation stress is only 1/4 to 1/2 of the strength. There are two types of cracks: wing and anti-wing, and the tensile cracks are the main ones. It is revealed that the fracture of cracked rock has significant directional characteristics. For the samples with cross cracks, the primary crack is the main control factor of crack initiation, and the secondary crack has a certain guiding effect on the crack.
Modified Deshpande–Fleck Model considering a Variable Plasticity Poisson’s Ratio and a Variable Ellipticity
Authors: Zhuang Weimin , Sun Jian , Xie Dongxuan
Published: March 2022

It is controversial whether the plastic Poisson’s ratio and ellipticity are invariable in the Deshpande–Fleck model, which describes the constitutive behavior of foam materials. In this paper, the Deshpande–Fleck model is modified by a variable plasticity Poisson’s ratio and a variable ellipticity based on a nonassociated flow rule. The plasticity Poisson’s ratio is measured by in situ digital image correlation (DIC) technology during the uniaxial compression experiment of aluminum foam. The ellipticity is then determined through the experimental data of uniaxial compression and hydrostatic compression. Both the plastic Poisson’s ratio and the ellipticity vary with the strain. The Hanssen model fitted with uniaxial compression experimental data is used to provide the hardening law for the modified Deshpande–Fleck model. The modified Deshpande–Fleck model is realized by the subroutine VUMAT in ABAQUS/Explicit. There is good agreement between the experimental results and the prediction results of the modified Deshpande–Fleck model under multiaxial compression conditions. Furthermore, the influence mechanism of the plastic Poisson’s ratio and ellipticity on the modified Deshpande–Fleck model are investigated. The results prove that it is necessary to consider both the variable plastic Poisson’s ratio and the variable ellipticity in order to improve the prediction accuracy of the modified Deshpande–Fleck model.
Volatility Analysis of Exchange Rate with Correlated Errors: A Sliding Data Matrix Approach
Authors: Mettle Felix Okoe , Kallah-Dagadu Gabriel , Aidoo Emmanuel , Debrah Godwin , Arku Dennis
Published: March 2022

The main objective of this study is to propose a method of analysing the volatility of a seemingly random walk time series with correlated errors without transforming the series as performed traditionally. The proposed method involves the computation of moving volatilities based on sliding and cumulative data matrices. Our method rests on the assumption that the number of subperiods for which the series is available is the same for all periods and on the assumption that the series observations in each subperiod for all the periods under consideration are a random sample from a particular distribution. The method was successfully implemented on a simulated dataset. A paired sample

t

-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, repeated measures (ANOVA), and Friedman tests were used to compare the volatilities of the traditional method and the proposed method under both sliding and cumulative data matrices. It was found that the differences among the average volatilities of the traditional method and sliding and cumulative matrix methods were insignificant for the simulated series that follow the random walk theorem. The implementation of the method on exchange rates for Canada, China, South Africa, and Switzerland resulted in adjudging South Africa to have the highest fluctuating exchange rates and hence the most unstable economy.
Exploration on the Cultivation of Undergraduates’ Entrepreneurship Ability from the Perspective of Mental Health Education
Authors: Cao Jian
Published: March 2022

Entrepreneurship is a test of people’s knowledge and specific application ability, especially the psychological quality of entrepreneurs. In the process of starting a business, people’s psychological qualities have a very important influence on the ultimate success of starting a business. The significance of cultivating college students’ entrepreneurial psychological quality lies in that it is not only the requirement of the development of the times but also the realistic requirement of improving college students’ entrepreneurial ability. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to bring the cultivation of college students’ entrepreneurial psychological quality into entrepreneurship education. Good entrepreneurial psychological quality is the cornerstone of the building of entrepreneurship, which can lay the foundation for entrepreneurship and support the whole entrepreneurial process. Because of the importance of entrepreneurial psychological quality in the process of entrepreneurship, it is necessary to analyze the entrepreneurial psychological quality of college students and guide and cultivate them correctly. Based on this, this paper analyzes the penetration of mental health education in the cultivation of College Students’ entrepreneurship education, which has a strong practical significance.
Cytogenomic Characterization of a Novel de novo Balanced Reciprocal Translocation t(1;12) by Genome Sequencing Leading to Fusion Gene Formation of EYA3/EFCAB4b
Authors: Dutta Usha R. , Bhattacherjee Amrita , Bahal Ashish , Posanapally Laxmi P. , Lone Kaisar A. , Bathula Siddardha , Dalal Ashwin
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The accurate detection of breakpoint regions of disease-associated chromosomal rearrangements helps understand the molecular mechanisms and identify the risks involved with disrupted genes. Methods: In this study, a girl with growth retardation is characterized using positional cloning and genome sequencing. The techniques include fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with paint (WCP) and bacterial-artificial chromosomes (BAC) probes, PCR, real-time PCR, and short and long-read sequencing. Results: The translocation was identified by GTG banding and confirmed by WCP FISH. Microarray ruled out the involvement of other copy number variations except for 6 homozygous regions which are not disease-causing variants. Fine mapping with FISH showed split signals with BAC clone RP11-312A3. Genome sequencing of short-read with an average 30× depth and long-read sequencing technology with a 3.8× coverage identified both breakpoints, confirmed by Sanger sequencing, that showed microhomology. The breakpoint at 1p and 12p regions disrupted EYA3 and EFCAB4B genes. Expression analysis of EYA3 showed a 7-fold increase, suggesting the formation of a fusion gene with EFCAB4B. EYA3 is involved in skeleton development, and EFCAB4B plays a role in calcium metabolism, which may be relevant for the patient’s phenotype. Conclusion: The systematic application of genome techniques to translocations and their advantages is discussed.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Novel Genes Regulated by Hypoxia in the Lung Vasculature
Authors: Thomas Shelby , Manivannan Sathiyanarayanan , Garg Vidu , Lilly Brenda
Published: March 2022

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic progressive disease with significant morbidity and mortality. The disease is characterized by vascular remodeling that includes increased muscularization of distal blood vessels and vessel stiffening associated with changes in extracellular matrix deposition. In humans, chronic hypoxia causes PAH, and hypoxia-induced rodent models of PAH have been used for years to study the disease. With the development of single-cell RNA sequencing technology, it is now possible to examine hypoxia-dependent transcriptional changes in vivo at a cell-specific level. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to compare lungs from wild-type (Wt) mice exposed to hypoxia for 28 days to normoxia-treated control mice. We additionally examined mice deficient for Notch3, a smooth muscle-enriched gene linked to PAH. Data analysis revealed that hypoxia promoted cell number changes in immune and endothelial cell types in the lung, activated the innate immunity pathway, and resulted in specific changes in gene expression in vascular cells. Surprisingly, we found limited differences in lungs from mice deficient for Notch3 compared to Wt controls. These findings provide novel insight into the effects of chronic hypoxia exposure on gene expression and cell phenotypes in vivo and identify unique changes to cells of the vasculature.
A low-cost business-oriented seaport energy effective management platform
Authors: Dimara Asimina , Triantafyllidis Dimitrios , Krinidis Stelios , Ntaras Nikolaos , Koutsogianni Olga , Tsoukos George , Giannopoulos Athanasios , Kitsikoudis Konstantinos , Ioannidis Dimosthenis , Zarkadoula Maria , Bizakis Apostolos , Antypas Stavros , Georgios Goumas , Tzovaras Dimitrios
Published: March 2022

Many seaports worldwide attempt to gain energy efficiency towards reducing their energy costs while mitigating climate change and environmental effects. In this pa- per, a low-cost business-oriented seaport energy effective management (PERFFECT) platform is introduced. PERFFECT intends to gain knowledge on fundamental port operational and business processes and evaluate them against energy efficiency and environmental footprint. Exploiting all the proposed PERFFECT applications like monitoring, evaluation, forecasting, and optimization, the energy efficiency of the op- erational infrastructure of the port’s is achieved. Port’s energy balance is estimated and used to decide the ports optimal energy usage. Moreover, the traffic volume produced by the gate check is simulated and utilized for further actions. These actions include energy savings and emission reduction recommendations. Finally, the proposed platform is evaluated against real-life data, while the experimental results present the out- come and efficiency of the system. The suggested system results in up to 82.82% light energy savings after a specific suggested action and up to 33% reduction of vehicle emissions, respectively.
Implementation and study of fuzzy based KY boost converter for electric vehicle charging
Authors: Upendar Jalla , Kumar Sangem Ravi , Sreenu Sapavath , Sirisha Bogimi
Published: March 2022

Elecetric vehicle batteries require direct current (DC) current for charging; hence the circuit alternating current (AC) is converted to DC by a battery charger. Battery charger mostly consists of a rectifier and DC-DC converter with a controller built in to serve as a protective circuit. A harmonic source load is a type of electric car charger. During the AC-DC change over method, harmonic current is introduced into the power system, affecting power quality. In this study, a charging station consisting of buck boost and a charging station consisting a KY Boost converter were simulated. To maintain output voltage of DC-DC converters constant controller is used, the controller is either PI or fuzzy logic controller. So, four models are developed and simulated which are buck-boost converter controlled by proportional-integral (PI)-controller, KY-boost converter controlled by proportional integral-controller, buck boost converter controller fuzzy logic controller and KY boost-converter controlled by fuzzy logic controller. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the four models is compared.
Homenagem a Jacó Guinsburg
Authors: Pupo Maria Lúcia de Souza Barros
Published: March 2022

Homenagem prestada ao Prof. Jacó Guisnburg, recentemente falecido.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Neuroplasticity and Accelerates Motor Recovery in a Stroke Mouse Model
Authors: Longo Valentina , Barbati Saviana Antonella , Re Agnese , Paciello Fabiola , Bolla Maria , Rinaudo Marco , Miraglia Francesca , Alù Francesca , Di Donna Martina Gaia , Vecchio Fabrizio , Rossini Paolo Maria , Podda Maria Vittoria , Grassi Claudio
Published: March 2022

Background:

More effective strategies are needed to promote poststroke functional recovery. Here, we evaluated the impact of bihemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on forelimb motor function recovery and the underlying mechanisms in mice subjected to focal ischemia of the motor cortex.

Methods:

Photothrombotic stroke was induced in the forelimb brain motor area, and tDCS was applied once per day for 3 consecutive days, starting 72 hours after stroke. Grid-walking, single pellet reaching, and grip strength tests were conducted to assess motor function. Local field potentials were recorded to evaluate brain connectivity. Western immunoblotting, ELISA, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Golgi-Cox staining were used to uncover tDCS-mediated stroke recovery mechanisms.

Results:

Among our results, tDCS increased the rate of motor recovery, anticipating it at the early subacute stage. In this window, tDCS enhanced BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) expression and dendritic spine density in the peri-infarct motor cortex, along with increasing functional connectivity between motor and somatosensory cortices. Treatment with the BDNF TrkB (tropomyosin-related tyrosine kinase B) receptor inhibitor, ANA-12, prevented tDCS effects on motor recovery and connectivity as well as the increase of spine density, pERK (phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase), pCaMKII (phosphorylated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II), pMEF (phosphorylated myocyte-enhancer factor), and PSD (postsynaptic density)-95. The tDCS-promoted rescue was paralleled by enhanced plasma BDNF level, suggesting its potential role as circulating prognostic biomarker.

Conclusions:

The rate of motor recovery is accelerated by tDCS applied in the subacute phase of stroke. Anticipation of motor recovery via vicariate pathways or neural reserve recruitment would potentially enhance the efficacy of standard treatments, such as physical therapy, which is often delayed to a later stage when plastic responses are progressively lower.
Basic Research for the Development of a Vegetation Biofilter Operation Algorithm in a Subway Station
Authors: Kim Tae-Han , Kook Joongjin
Published: March 2022

Background and objective We measured the particulate matter (PM) reduction rate when the vegetation biofilter operated for 1 hour every 6 hours. As a result of data analysis, PM concentrations in the subway station showed a high correlation with the train stop duration depending on the service frequency of train operations, and the reduction rate was high in the section where PM concentrations as well as the change rates were high. Therefore, in order to maximize PM reduction using the biofilter, it is necessary to optimize the performance of the biofilter in various environments by designing an intelligent algorithm that takes the frequency of train operations into account. Methods We collected PM10 and PM2.5 data for 2 weeks in position 5 (POS5) and POS6. The multi-module vegetation biofilter was installed in POS6, whereas it was not in POS5. The average hourly data for PM concentrations were obtained, and the change in concentrations was analyzed every 24 hours. Results PM in subway stations is known to spread from the tracks to waiting areas as the train moves. Therefore, the change in PM concentrations by time zone has a high correlation of about 0.8 with the sum of the stop duration depending on the frequency of train operations. The vegetation biofilter is operated 4 times a day for 1 hour every 6 hours. The reduction rate reached up to 30% in 6–8 hours, where the PM concentrations increased sharply. Conclusion We came up with an algorithm to maximize the PM reduction effect by identifying the effect using the vegetation biofilter as a means for air purification in public use facilities such as subway stations. To this end, there is a need for a method that can dynamically select the section where the PM concentrations increase rapidly and set the biofilter operation time.
Bureaucracy and Development in Syria:
Authors: Hinnebusch Raymond A.
Published: March 2022

This article examines the Syrian bureaucracy through a case study of its role in agricultural development. It analyses the degree of technocratic rationality imparted to agrarian policy, the effectiveness of the bureaucracy in carrying out agricultural policy, the beneficial role of the bureaucracy for the agrarian economy and the peasantry, and the political consequences of the Syrian bureaucracy's role in agriculture. It also indicates that while senior public officials play a role in shaping agrarian policy, this role is in turn shaped by Ba'thist ideology and a political structure that vests control over high policy in the Presidency and the ruling party and not in the ministerial bureaucracy. This arrangement influences agricultural planning, administrative leadership, and patronage politics. This paper concludes that despite the flaws that afflict the agrarian apparatus, the Syrian bureaucracy has put in place development programs of great benefit to agriculture.
Socio-Economic Epidemiology of Consanguineous Matings in the Saudi Arabian Population
Authors: Saedi-Wong Simin , Al-Frayh Abdul Rahman , Wong Henry Y. H.
Published: March 2022

The rate and socio-economic factors associated with consanguineous matings among 4498 Saudi families living in Riyadh have been evaluated. The incidence of consanguinity in the urban Saudi population is unusually high, has been common among Saudi people during the past decades and has not changed significantly even among the younger generation. There is a statistically significant relationship between educational level and consanguinity. Similar association is observed between income level and consanguineous matings. The rate of consanguinity is significantly higher among men and women who are marrying for the first time.
The Impact of Sodal Networks on the Duration of Post-Migration Job Searches
Authors: Menon Ramdas
Published: March 2022

Social networks are known to play an important role in the migration process. This paper examines the impact of these networks on the duration of job searches after migration in Malaysia. Along with education and length of previous work experience, the impact on the job search duration of the manner by which the migrant finds employment as weIl as the source of financial support, were assessed. Regression analysis revealed that migrants with more work experience as weIl as those who received financial support from friendslrelatives took significantly longer to find employment after migration. There was no difference in the duration of searches between mi grants who relied on friends/relatives to find jobs and others. The reasons for and the implications of these findings are discussed.
The Politics of History
Authors: Reynolds Jonathan T.
Published: March 2022

The influence of religion in Nigerian politics can be traced in particular to the Islamic/political legacy of the nineteenth-century Sokoto Caliphate. The legacy of this Islamic state has dramatically influenced Nigerian politics, which became particularly evident during the period of political activity in the 1950s and the subsequent events that stemmed from this activity. The Sokoto Caliphate as a model of government in northern Nigeria was in fact problematic because it only represented part of an historical tradition that was strongly affected by violence and resistance to Islamic expansion. Hence the Caliphate has been a source of tension rather than integration at the national level.
Contemporary Dimensions of Migration among Historically Migrant Nigerians
Authors: Adebayo Akanmu G.
Published: March 2022

The article places the migration of Fulani pastoral nomads to south-western Nigeria in historical context. Their transhumant pastoralism has had the potential for violence with their Yoruba host communities, but in recent times their movements have avoided the violence which their economic activites might have generated. The absence of proper documentation of this migration raises the problem of examining the historical events or movements of "outsiders" because of their "foreignness." Yet, discussion of current migration and refugee issues would be incomplete if the role and the conditions of the historically migrant Fulani were ignored. A consideration of how conflicts have been resolved or avoided demonstrates that the relationships between nomads and their Yoruba hosts may have some in sights into the interaction between refugee populations and their hosts.
Tradition and Modernity in Protestant Christianity
Authors: Davies Alan
Published: March 2022

Protestantism, a relatively late form of Christianity, accepts the principle of sola scriptura as its essence. For the early reformers this was a creative principle, but for subsequent generations it often became a sterile orthodoxy, producing theological and moral rigidity. Hence a tension developed between biblical literalism and the claims of modernity, including the rise of higher criticism. What is the true meaning of biblical authority in light of a rapidly changing world? What are its implications for the Christian lifestyle? Calvinism in particular concerned itself with the latter question, infusing a strain of asceticism into the social order through its distinctive religious ethic. The later puritan extension of Calvinism left an indelible mark on western society. Sometimes the puritan influence degenerated into a narrow legalism; sometimes it produced a deep and genuine godliness. Sola scriptura can have both effects - this is the paradox of Protestantism. At its most profound, Protestantism represents a creative iconoclasm. This is its genius and enduring strength.
Gaudiya Vaisnavism: The Education of Human Emotions
Authors: Klostermaier Klaus K.
Published: March 2022

The religious movement initiated by Caitanya differs from others by its strong emotionalism. It has been criticized for its lack of rational analysis and its neglect of ethical theory. Its strength, however, lies in its systematics of an education of emotions, which, far from being atavistic residues, are increasingly recognized as central to a truly human life. The essay argues that Gaudiya Vaisnavism can make an important contribution to contemporary life through its systematic efforts at educating human emotions.
An Indigenous View of the New World Order
Authors: Lauderdale Pat , Toggia Pietro
Published: March 2022

In the "New World Order," Somalia is characterized as a deviant society, especially by Western countries. This characterization is magnified by focusing upon armed conflicts among different groups in Somalia and is marked by a neglect of global forces and history, including indigenous perspectives. The benchmark for judging the nature and scale of such crises is the condition of statelessness, measured by the absence of a central political authority and the modem claim of an ostensible universal rule of law. However, the attempted replacement of sacred places and kinship identities of indigenous peoples with the identity of the New World Order that emphasizes self-interested and self-maximizing individuals, i.e., Western individualism, has led not to a melting pot, but a boiling pot. The Somalis, as with many other ethnic and indigenous groups throughout the world, do not find a meaningful sense of life by being defined as modem individuals via the state. Any viable alternative to disentangling Somalia and similar indigenous peoples from current and future crises might benefit from recognition and accomodation to their traditional ways of life and systems of governance. Moreover, future work should include explications of the impact of global hegemony, the increasing role of the United Nations in advancing foreign policy, military interventions under the facade of peacekeeping, and the acceleration of a market economy ostensibly directed by global forces such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
African Immigrants in the United States: A Socio-Demographic Profile in Comparison to Native Blacks
Authors: Djamba Yanyi K.
Published: March 2022

Using data from the 1980 and 1990 U.S. censuses (5% Public Use Microdata Samples), this paper provides the socio-demographic profile of African immigrants in comparison to native blacks. The results show that the number of Africans living in the United States has increased by 6% per year between 1980 and 1990, but the growth has been greater for blacks ( 11 %) than for whites (4%). This racial differences in growth changed the composition of the African immigrant population from predominantly white (60%) in 1980, to predominantly black (47%) in 1990; other races counted only for 11 % in 1980 and 9% in 1990. Compared to native blacks, black and white African immigrants are more educated, less likely to be on welfare, more heavily concentrated in some states, more likely to be married, and more employable. These characteristics are key determinants of the future conditions of native blacks and African immigrants in the United States.
Gender-Biased Transportation Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa with Special Reference to Cameroon
Authors: Njoh Ambe J.
Published: March 2022

The paper discusses transport problems facing women in Cameroon. Among major factors contributing to these problems are: societal attitudes, urban-biased development schemes, gender-based discriminatory transport policies, inappropriate spatial organization, and negative trends in the country's economy. The author argues that the uniqueness of women-specific transport problems warrants special and calculated action on the part of planners and policy makers in a developing nation such as Cameroon. Remedial steps, such as altering societal attitudes, lessening and simplifying women's chores, promoting non-motorized modes of transport, reducing trip volume and length by, for instance, revamping antiquated zoning ordinances, and actively discouraging gender-based discrimination in public transportation through appropriate legislation, are suggested.