bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi Based on Vegetative Compatibility Groups and Races in Five Provinces of Iran
Authors: Zandyavari Nazyar , Bayat Hossein , Hasanzadeh Nader
Published: October 2024

Fusarium wilt of carnation caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Fod) W.C.Snyder & H.N. Hensen, is the most important fungal disease in all main carnation growing regions of Iran. In 2020, sampling of infected plants was randomly carried out from carnation greenhouses in five provinces located in the North (Gilan, Golestan, and Mazandaran) and Middle (Tehran and Markazi) of Iran. Eighty-eight fungal isolates were identified as Fod by morphological characters (based on Nelson’s key identification), molecular method (PCR amplified of ITS region), and pathogenicity tests (according to the root dipping on sensitive cv. Rendezvous). In order to investigate on biodiversity of Iranian Fod isolates based on Vegetative Compatibility Groups (VCGs) and races, 70 isolates were randomly selected. These isolates were compared with eight Fod isolates from the collection of Dipartimento di Valorizzazione e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali (Di.Va.P.R.A) Patologia vegetale, Italy; which were used as references for races and VCGs. For DNA amplifying, primers R 1.8, R 2.1, and R 4.2 were employed. Amplified fragments of 295 bp and 564 bp were identified to race 1 (or 8; because these primers applied are not able to discriminate between the races), and race 2 (or 5 or 6), respectively. Furthermore, two VCG 0021 and VCG 0022 were identified amongst the Iranian Fod isolates. The relationship between the races and VCGs demonstrated that all race 1 (23 isolates) were categorized in VCG 0022, and race 2 (44 isolates) were grouped in VCG 0021. In addition, three isolates did not produce any amplification.
Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) as a Healthy Ingredient for Sustainable Functional Food Production
Authors: Bulam Sanem , Üstün Nebahat , Pekşen Aysun
Published: October 2024

The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm.) is one of the most popular edible mushrooms. P. ostreatus contains important essential nutrients for human nutrition and is a natural source used in both traditional and modern medicine. Nowadays, P. ostreatus has been used in vitro studies as food additive in the development of value-added functional foods such as meat, bakery, and dairy products, traditional foods, and various alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Fresh and other forms of P. ostreatus have been used for food fortification, the improvement of sensory quality and the physicochemical properties of foods and prolonging the shelf life of functional foods. In this review, potential of use of P. ostreatus as food additive in sustainable functional food production and its effects on food quality were emphasized.
Pandemi Döneminde Kan Kültürlerinden İzole Edilen Candida Türlerinin Dağılımı ve Antifungal Duyarlılıklarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aydoğan Senanur , Samadzade Rugıyya , Maçin Salih , Türk Dağı Hatice , Fındık Duygu
Published: October 2024

Hastane kaynaklı enfeksiyonların en önemli sebeplerinden biri olan Candida türleri, kan kültürlerinde en sık izole edilen mantarlardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı pandemi döneminde kan kültürlerinden izole edilen Candida türlerinin dağılımının ve antifungal duyarlılığının değerlendirilmesidir. Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvurına gönderilen kan kültürleri Ocak 2020-Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Tür tanımlaması ve antifungal duyarlılık testleri için VITEK 2 Compact® sistemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Candida albicans 36 (%42.8), Candida parapsilosis 24 (%28.6), Candida glabrata 13 (%15.5), Candida tropicalis 5 (%5.9), Candida krusei (Issatchenkia orientalis) 4 (%4.8), Candida guilliermondii (Meyerozyma guilliermondii) 1 (%1.2) ve Candida sphaerica 1 (%1.2) izolatta saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, çalışmada en yüksek direnç caspofungine (%7.4) saptanırken, en düşük antifungal direnç amfoterisin B’ye (%1.8) karşı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak özellikle yenidoğanlarda, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde tedavi gören hastalarda Candida türlerinin tiplendirilmesi ve antifungal duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi, tedaviye yön vermesi açısından önemlidir.
Pisolithus arhizus (Scop.) Rauschert Mantarının Pamuk İpliği Boyamada Türkiye'de İlk Kullanımı
Authors: Allı Hakan , Kalay Ertuğrul
Published: October 2024

Mantarlar, tarih boyunca dünyanın farklı yerlerinde doğal renklendirici olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Muğla (Güneybatı Ege) ilinden toplanan Pisolithus arhizus mantarından doğal boyalar elde edilmiştir. Pisolithus arhizus, ılıman ormanlardaki en önemli ağaç cinslerinden bazılarıyla (Abies spp., Betula spp., Eucalyptus spp., Pinus spp., Quercus spp.) etkileşime giren ektomikorhizal bir mantardır. Boyama sonuçlarına göre Pisolithus arhizus' tan kahverenginin farklı renkte tonları elde edilmiştir. Pamuk ipliklerini boyamak için mordansız kullanılan Pisolithus arhizus' tan elde edilen ilk çalışmadır.
Ecological Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Armillaria mellea (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Physalacriaceae) in Yuvacik Dam Watershed in Kocaeli, Türkiye
Authors: Acer Sabiha , Yilmaz Ersel , Karakaya Ayhan
Published: October 2024

The occurrence of Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. and the ecological characteristics of this fungus were studied in Kocaeli, Yuvacik dam basin mixed-broad leaved forests. During the surveys, we analyzed the sporocarps (fruiting bodies) of A. mellea growing up on woody plants in plots selected by cluster sampling in the Yuvacik dam watershed dominated by broad-leaved forests. The Runs test results showed that randomness rules complied in the selection of the plots, and there was no tendency (p= 0.109 > 0.05, z= -1.603). The presence/absence of A. mellea and environmental variables were tested with Chi-square analysis, and the temperature differed among these environmental variables. To the dendrogram, A. mellea was mainly seen in the south of the study area and preferred western aspects. It is understood that this macrofungus prefers the south of the study area because of the altitude. Our data showed that sporocarps of A. mellea generally occurred in the western aspect, at temperatures of 15–20°C, >80% humidity and 800–1000 m altitude. Our logistic regression analysis model (z=-9.508+0.307xtemperature+0.081xhumidity) showed that if the temperature and humidity change by 1 unit in the region, sporocarp formation is affected by 36% and 8.4%, respectively.
Ege Bölgesinde Yetişen Körek Mantarı (Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél.)’nın Yağ Asidi İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Allı Hakan , Özderin Sevgin , Kıvrak İbrahim
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada Muğla (Bodrum), İzmir ve Çanakkale çevresinde doğal olarak yetişen ve halk tarafından gıda olarak tüketilen Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél.’nın yağ asidi içeriği belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Toplanan mantar örnekleri oda şartlarında kurutulmuş ve hekzan ile ekstraksiyon yapılmıştır. Elde edilen ekstrakt içeriğinde 37 adet yağ asidi taraması yapılmıştır. GC/MSD cihazı ile elde edilen sonuçlarına göre 17 adet yağ asidi tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde majör bileşen olarak; oleik asit (%48.125), palmitik asit (%14.736), linoleik asit (%14.094), stearik asit (%6.469) ve linolelaidik asit (%5.128) belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Pleurotus eryngii gıda ve ilaç sektöründe kullanılabilecek yenilebilir yabani bir mantardır.
Kestel Bölgesinde(Kadınhanı-Konya) Yaygın Olarak Bulunan Bazı Makromantarların Mineral Kompozisyonu
Authors: Aydemir Raziye Büşra , Kaşık Giyasettin , Öztürk Celaleddin , Alkan Sinan
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada Kestel Bölgesinde (Kadınhanı-Konya) yaygın olarak yetişen makromantarların ve yetiştikleri topraktaki mineral kompozisyonları ve aralarındaki korelasyonun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu maksatla bölgede yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucunda tespit edilen makrofunguslar “Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer (Şemsiye Mantarı), Suillus collinitus (Fr.) Kurtze (Benekli Süngermantarı), Boletus edulis Bull. (Çörek Mantarı)” türleridir. Arazi çalışmalarında elde edilen mantar örneklerinin ve yetiştikleri substratlara ait toprak örnekleri ayrı ayrı polietilen torbalar içinde alınarak, laboratuvar getirilmiştir. Makromantarların ve toprak örneklerinin mineral madde analizinde ICP-MS cihazı kullanılarak 15 elementin varlığı PPB(Parts Per Billion=Milyarda bir) oranında araştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda toprakta bulunan elementlerin yoğunlukları ile mantar örneklerindeki element yoğunlukları pozitif yönde korelasyon gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bundan dolayı ağır metal kirliliği veya endüstriyel kirlilik bulunan alanlarda yetişen makromantarların besin olarak tüketilmelerinin sağlık açısından uygun olmadığı yönünde değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Assessment of Some Nutrient Contents and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Some Wild Edible Mushrooms in Türkiye
Authors: Uzun Yusuf , Alkan Salih , İrende İlhan , İlhan Hasan , Çavuşoğlu Şeyda , Aslan Ali
Published: October 2024

In this study, it was aimed to identify mushrooms gathered from two different regions and localities of Türkiye and to determine their heavy metal and nutrient contents. Four of the mushrooms (Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers, Cantharellus cibarius Fr., Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. and Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr.) from nearby settlements, while the others (Hydnum repandum L., Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél and Lactarius delicious (L.) Gray)) were collected from rural areas. All species have known and consume by local peoples. All identified species were given along with their trophic status, habitats, locations, Turkish names and edibility. Concentrations of elements were determined based on dry weight. The analysis of samples indicated that different result obtained from mushrooms. As (nd, 1.5-17.43), Ba (1.48-10.81), Cd (nd, 1.4-43.46), Co (nd, 12.0- 42.79), Cr (nd, 5.0-14.92), Cu (12.95-143.45), K (nd, 30085- 52680), Mg (nd, 5056-5955.9), Mn (52.45- 187.25), Mo (nd, 1.22-57.53), Ni (43.46-565), Pb (318.9-1483.5), Sb (nd, 0.14-4.12), Si (nd, 3.18-87.83), Ti (20.32-302.2), V (67.66-102.3), Zn (1026.8-2422.0), Ca (411.5 -2077), Na (752.5-2105.5) and Fe (470.5-1093.5) were determined and the elements studied were given in mg/kg. As a result, it was determined that C. comatus, H. repandum, C. cibarius and P. eryngii had the lowest content of heavy metals and P. ostreus had the highest value in terms of calcium and magnesium contents. Therefore, it has been determined that these mushroom species may have important beneficial effects to human health. It is thought that it can be used as a source in future studies.
Investigation of Aroma Components of Tuber aestivum and Tuber borchii Collected From Different Location in Türkiye
Authors: Korkmaz Cansu , Duru Mehmet Emin
Published: October 2024

Truffle is an important food source for wild animals and a significant part of the ecosystem, indicating a healthy forest. With their unique aromas, truffles are also a crucial food source for humans. The volatile substances released by Tuber not only appeal to our sense of smell but also contribute to various biological activities. Different aromas result in different tastes; therefore, aroma is essential in defining the organoleptic properties and quality of underground fungi. This research aims to investigate according to the percentage the chemical components considering the habitat and mycorrhizal host tree species of naturally occurring summer truffle Tuber aestivum Vittad. and white truffle Tuber borchii Vittad. in Southwest Anatolia and Marmara regions. For this purpose, the aroma components of T. aestivum and T. borchii collected from two different regions were analyzed using the HS-SPME-GC/MS system. Accordingly, a total of 59 different compounds (volatile organic compounds) were identified, including 20 compounds in T. aestivum from Muğla, 13 compounds in T. aestivum from Kırklareli, 44 compounds in T. borchii from Muğla, and 33 compounds in T. borchii from Kırklareli, belonging to different classes of compounds. While terpenes such as limonene (37.62%), p-cymene (4.79%), and β-pinene (4.12%) were major compounds in T. aestivum collected from Muğla, 2-octen-1-ol (46.78%), 1-octen-3-ol (40.44%), and 3-octanol (2.62%) predominantly constituted the aroma in T. aestivum from Kırklareli. The characteristic sulfur compounds commonly found in Tuber species were present in 42.19% of T. borchii collected from Kırklareli and 12.15% from Muğla. When comparing T. borchii grown in Kırklareli and Muğla, 3-methyl-4,5-dihydrothiophene (29.53% and 6.73%) p-methyl thiobenzaldehyde (2.75% and 5.42%), and methionine (9.91% in Kırklareli, not detected in Muğla) were found in different percentage rates. Based on the data obtained in this study, the classification of both Tuber species, with respect to their geographical origin, was determined using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Accordingly, it is show that of the aroma of Tuber species of the chemical components and the aroma components to the formation should be cultivated after optimizing the ecological conditions that contribute to the symbiotic life of the plant species they provide.
Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Mycelial Growth of Some Macrofungi
Authors: Allı Hakan
Published: October 2024

Olive oil mills produce a liquid waste called olive black water in the olive oil production process. Olive mill waste water from factories specifically in Turkey and surrounding Mediterranean countries where olive oil is produced the most in the world is being disposed of into the environment such as seas and rivers without any precautions being taken. It was focused on determination of effect of olive mill waste water which containing high organic matter on mycelial growth of several macrofungi in this study. It was found that the mycelia of Rhodonia placenta, Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus showed the best development in 5%, concentration of olive mill wastewater. On the other hand, Schizophyllum commune mycelia grew best in 10% concentration. The lowest mycelial growth rate for all of the fungal species were observed in 70% concentration. Our aim is to cultivate various mushroom species using blackwater with high organic matter content.
Comparison of Epiphytic Lichen Diversity on the Base and Trunk of Quercus robur Population in Görükle Campus Area of Bursa Uludag University (Bursa, Türkiye)
Authors: Öztürk Şule , Güvenç Şaban , Oran Seyhan , Yende Abdoulaye
Published: October 2024

This study was carried out in a pedunculate oak grove located next to the Faculty of Agriculture in the Görükle campus area of Bursa Uludag University. Differences in epiphytic lichen diversity on the base and trunk of Quercus robur L. were analyzed. A significant difference in epiphytic lichen diversity between the base and trunk of the tree was found. The community structure of epiphytic lichens on Q. robur is characterized by the Physcietum adscendens association within the alliance of Xanthorion parietinae. The diversity of epiphytic lichens and the number of species are higher on the trunk rather than at the base of the trees.
Determination of the Connection Between the Asthma Patients and Mycobiota in the Environment They Live in
Authors: Korkmaz Aras Fahrettin , Çolakoğlu Günay Tülay , Karaltı İskender
Published: October 2024

In the 12-month period between February 2014 and January 2015, this study was carried out in the homes of 55 asthma patients living in 14 different regions of Istanbul (Ataşehir, Bulgurlu, Fikirtepe, Hasanpaşa, İçerenköy, Moda, Göztepe, Çekmeköy, Ümraniye, Altayçeşme Neighborhood, Esenkent Neighborhood, Feyzullah Neighborhood, Gülsuyu Neighborhood, Yalı Neighborhood). Air ideal (Biomerieux, France) air vacuuming device was used to determine the fungal flora in the domestic ambient air of the relevant patients. In this context, in order to prevent bacterial growth, Streptomycin antibiotic was added and Rose Bengali potato dextrose agar was placed in the slot of the device and the air filter of the device was installed. The device, which was placed at a height of 75-85 cm from the ground, was operated for 3-5 minutes and 200 liters of domestic ambient air was vacuumed. A total of 1071 microfungi colonies isolated in the study were found to belong to a total of 10 genuses and 23 species. The obtained genera are Alternaria (Arıküfü), Aspergillus (Asper), Aureobasidium (Karamaya), Chaetomium (Günoku), Cladosporium (Havaküfü), Fusarium (Solduran), Mucor (Ekmekküfü), Paecilomyces (Günküfü), Penicillium (Penisilyum) and Rhizopus (Karaküf). Among them, the most isolated genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria and Fusarium. The most isolated species in this study were Aspergillus niger (Kara asper), Fusarium poae (Buğday solduran), Alternaria alternata (Astımküfü), Cladosporium cladosporioides (Karakökküfü), Penicillium brevicompactum (Sağlam penisilyum), Cladosporium macrocarpum (İrikurutan), Cladosporium sphaerospermum (Güllekurutan) and Penicillium glabrum (Bol penisilyum). In the 12-month period, the lowest microfungi concentration was observed in January and the highest microfungi concentration was observed in May. During the study, the temperature of the sample areas were measured with a thermometer and the humidity rates were measured with a hygrometer. In this study, the types of allergen microfungus that cause the onset of asthma disease or the progression of the degree of disease are stated. These were determined as Alternaria alternariae (Fıstık küfü), Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus fumigatus (Kıran asper), Aspergillus niger, Aureobasidium pullulans (Karamaya), Chaetomium globosum (Top günoku), Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium herbarum (Yaygınkurutan), Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Penicillium chrysogenum (Penisilyum), Penicillium glabrum.
Contribution to the Macrofungal Biodiversity of Yahyalı District
Authors: Şahin Abdulkadir , Uzun Yasin , Kaya Abdullah
Published: October 2024

This contributory study was carried out on the macrofungi samples collected from Yahyalı district of Kayseri province. As a result, 69 macromycete species belonging to 56 genera, 35 families and 7 orders within Agaricomycetes and Pezizomycetes were determined. Including the previously reported species, a total of 147 macromycete species were compiled from the region. The list of the determined species was provided together with their habitats, collection dates, voucher numbers, or the citations for those reported before.
Leucoglossum leucosporum, A New Record for Turkish Mycobiota
Authors: Uzun Yasin , Kaya Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Leucoglossum leucosporum (Benkert & Hardtke) Arauzo is reported as a new record from Türkiye, based on the identification of the samples collected from Pazar district of Rize province. It is the first member of the genus Leucoglossum S. Imai determined in Türkiye. A brief description of the species is provided together with the photographs, related to the macroscopy and microscopy.
Tricholoma fracticum Ekstresinin Hep3B Hücreleri Üzerindeki Sitotoksik Etkisi
Authors: İnci Şule , Karagoz Isik Didem , Kırbağ Sevda
Published: October 2024

Kanser, insan sağlığı için en büyük tehditlerden birini oluşturmaktadır. İlaç direncinin kanser tedavisindeki temel sorunlardan biri olduğu düşünüldüğünde, doğal bileşiklerin kanser hücreleri üzerindeki etkilerine yönelik çalışmalar hızla artmaktadır. Yenilebilir mantarlar besin değerleri bakımından zengin olmaları nedeniyle fonksiyonel ve sağlıklı gıda kaynağı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda antikanser, anti-inflamatuvar, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ülkemizin birçok bölgesi ve Elazığ ilinde doğal olarak yetişen Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) Kreisel besin olarak tüketilen yenilebilir bir mantardır. Bu çalışmada T. fracticum’un farklı konsantrasyonlardaki (1000µg/mL, 500 µg/mL, 250 µg/mL, 125 µg/mL ve 62.5 µg/mL) metanol ekstresinin 24 ve 48 saatte Hep3B hücrelerine karşı sitotoksik etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sitotoksik etkinin tespit edilmesi için 3-(4,5dimetiltiazol-2-iyl)-2,5-difenil tetrazolyum bromür (MTT) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarda T. fracticum’un metanol ekstresi 1000 µg/mL konsantrasyonda 24. (%1.97±0.65) ve 48. saatte (%0.61±0.27) önemli sitotoksik etki göstermiştir. Mantarın metanol ektresinin Hep3B hücre hattına karşı 24. saatte IC50 değerinin ise 166.76±7.65 µg/mL ve 48. saatte 134.38±5.45 µg/mL olarak hesaplanmıştır. T. fracticum ekstresinin Hep3B hücre hattına karşı elde edilen sitotoksik sonuçlarının önemli olabileceğini ve Tricholoma türleri arasında daha az çalışılan bu türün daha fazla çalışılması gerektiğini ve literatüre kazandırılması gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
Seifertia, A New Genus Record for Turkish Mycobiota
Authors: Doğan Gökhan , Erdoğdu Makbule , Aytaç Zeki , Ertuğrul Tuğba , Karayel Ali İhsan
Published: October 2024

In this study, the genus Seifertia and species S. azaleae belonging to this genus are given as new record for Türkiye. The description of the species is presented and discussed with its macro and micromorphological photographs.
Agaricus brunneofibrillosus, A New Record for Turkish Mycobiota
Authors: Aslan Ayşe Merve , Uzun Yasin , Kaya Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Agaricus brunneofibrillosus Kerrigan is reported as a new record from Türkiye, based on the identification of the samples collected from Çamlıdere (Ankara) district. A brief description of the species is provided together with the photographs, related to the macroscopy and microscopy.
Two New Records from Türkiye with Morphological and Molecular Evaluations: Gymnopus aquosus and Inocybe subporospora
Authors: Allı Hakan , Şen İsmail , Tırpan Ezgin , Çöl Bekir
Published: October 2024

Gymnopus aquosus (Bull.) Antonin & Noordel and Inocybe subporospora Kuyper were recorded for the first time in Türkiye, among the fungal specimens collected during field studies in Kütahya. The specimens were identified based on morphological, microscopic features and analysis of ITS gene sequences. The habitats and characteristic features of the species are briefly explained and relevant photographs are presented. GenBank accession numbers were assigned to the samples in this study and phylogenetic trees were constructed to compare them with similar taxa. Gymnopus aquosus is mainly characterized by and distinguishes it from related species; have an almost to the center translucently striate, pileus center pale yellow to ochre, pallescent to almost white towards to margin and a distinctly bulbous base with pinkish-chromic rhizomorphs. Inocybe subporospora; have spores with an indistinct germ-pore, red-brown stipe and dark grayish brown pileus with rimulose margin is a very characteristic species that can be distinguished from its close species with its features.
Evaluation of Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Effects of Some Wild Mushroom Species
Authors: Işık Hakan , Özsoy Ceylan , Tutar Uğur , Dinçer Emine
Published: October 2024

In this study, ethanol extracts of some wild mushroom species, in the phylum Basidiomycota, [Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm., Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull.) Harmaja, Leucopaxillus gentianeus (Quél.) Kotl. and Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd] were tested for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities. Mushroom samples showed low antimicrobial activity on Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, while biofilm inhibitory activity on test microorganisms ranging from 24.6% to 80.5%. At the end of the antioxidant activity studies A. mellea was the mushroom sample having the highest DPPH radical scavenging capacity (0.105±0.001 mg/mL) whereas T. versicolor was the one having the highest iron (III) ion reducing power (40.709±0.003 µg TE/100g). The highest polyphenol content was observed in T. versicolor (29.916±0.002 mg GAE/100g) samples, and the lowest in A. mellea (9.5±0.006 mg GAE/100g) samples. The cytotoxic effects of the samples were tested on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and L929 (mouse fibroblast) cell lines using the MTT method. As a result, it was observed that A. mellea and T. versicolor samples were more effective on MCF-7 cell line, A. mellea on MDA-MB-231 cell line.
Mucronella, A New Genus Record from Türkiye
Authors: Yeşilyurt Faruk , Karaduman Yakup , Uzun Yasin , Kaya Abdullah
Published: October 2024

The genus Mucronella was reported from Türkiye for the first time, based on the collection and identification of Mucronella calva, a distinct fungus with tiny spine-shaped and pendent basidiocarps without a subiculum, from İstanbul province. A brief description of the identified collection is provided together with the photographs, related to its macro and micromorphorphologies.
Mantardan Deri Görünümlü Sürdürülebilir Yenilikçi Yüzey Oluşturma; “Fomes fomentarius”
Authors: Koparan Yasemin , Alkan Sinan , Harmankaya Hatice
Published: October 2024

Dericilik; ilk insanlık zamanından günümüze kadar hala en gözde sanatlardan biridir. Buna rağmen derinin işlenme sırasında hızla gelişen teknoloji ve endüstrileşme ile çevreye verdiği zarar gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte ekolojik sorunlar ve insan sağlığını tehdit eden kirlilik ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çevre kirliliğine bağlı sorunların artması nedeniyle son yıllarda çevreye duyarlılık artmış, sürdürülebilir ve biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen malzemeler önem kazanmıştır. 21. yüzyılda sıfır atık bir yaşam felsefesi olarak benimsenmiş, yenilenebilir ve sürdürülebilir yenilikçi malzemelerin önemini arttırmıştır. Mantarlar, biyomateryal olarak en umut verici kaynaklar arasında yer almakta ve son zamanlarda ürün tasarımında kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırma kapsamında; Fomes fomentarius türünden tekstil, hazır giyim ve deri sektörü için sağlıklı, ekonomik, doğada kolay çözünebilen, çevreye duyarlı yenilikçi yüzey malzemesi üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada deneysel çalışma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. F. fomentarius türünün temini için arazi çalışması yapılmış ve toplanan örnekler laboratuvara getirilerek teşhis işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tür tayini yapılan örnekler için dört ana çerçeve üzerinde sekiz farklı deney düzeneği hazırlanarak yenilikçi yüzey oluşturma yöntemleri denenmiştir. Denemeler sonucunda tekstil, hazır giyim ve deri sektöründe kullanılabilir şekilde yenilikçi yüzey elde edilmiştir.
Critical whiteness in der Mediationspraxis
Authors: Oduro-Sarpong Lawrence Nana Yaw
Published: October 2024

Mediation ist eine Tätigkeit, die von der Unvoreingenommenheit lebt, denn Mediator*innen müssen eine Allparteilichkeit gewährleisten. Da der nicht-weiße21 Anteil der Bevölkerung in Deutschland weiterwächst, haben Mediator*innen immer mehr Fälle mit sowohl weißen als auch nicht-weißen Parteien. Die gängige Praxis der Allparteilichkeit kommt nun für weiße Mediator*innen auf den Prüfstand, denn ohne proaktive Beschäftigung mit dem eigenen weißsein kann die geschätzte Unvoreingenommenheit trotz großer Bemühungen nicht mehr gewährleistet werden, und eine wohlwollende Haltung allein reicht hierfür leider nicht aus.
Mediation als Safer Space?
Authors: Franke Rigmor
Published: October 2024

Trotz des Wunschs nach einem sicheren Ort, der Lebensrealitäten respektiert, bleibt die Realität herausfordernd. Die Geschichte postkolonialer und patriarchaler Machtstrukturen und des Kapitalismus wirkt weiterhin, und selbst »Safe Spaces« sind nicht immun gegen Diskriminierung1. Ein Ansatz, der sich als »Safer Space« definiert, betont das Streben nach höherer Sicherheit und einer inklusiveren Umgebung, obwohl vollständige Diskriminierungsfreiheit utopisch bleibt. Dieser Diskurs ruft dazu auf, weiterhin an der Schaffung diskriminierungsärmerer Räume zu arbeiten, indem Verhaltensund Denkmuster aktiv hinterfragt und transformiert werden.
La grana kermes y el aprovechamiento histórico de la coscoja (Quercus coccifera L.): perspectiva ambiental de un recurso forestal milenario
Authors: Giménez-Font Pablo
Published: October 2024

La grana kermes fue una materia tintórea muy valiosa desde la Antigüedad hasta principios del siglo XIX. Se obtenía de un insecto (Kermes sp.) que se desarrollaba sobre la coscoja y representó un recurso económico importante para muchas comunidades campesinas, que mantuvieron los coscojares para tal fin. El artículo plantea la cuestión desde un punto de vista ambiental, valorando la entidad alcanzada por esta explotación en la península ibérica y la relación entre su crisis y los procesos de deforestación posteriores. Se analiza de forma más detallada el caso del antiguo reino de Valencia por tratarse de una de las principales zonas productoras y comercializadoras de grana kermes en el Mediterráneo. Las conclusiones evidencian que este recurso forestal supuso el manejo de la especie vegetal y la reproducción del insecto, generando unos ecosistemas exclusivos (coscojares) hasta la crisis producida por la llegada de otros productos tintóreos.
A Taxonomy Review of ZingiberMill. (Zingiberaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Sedek Aimi Syazana , Mohamad Salasiah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Herbaceous plants of the ZingiberMill.are widely distributed throughout Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 25 species comprising approximately 30 taxa have been discovered in Peninsular Malaysia. Acceptance of the current classification is predominately based on morphological characteristics. Furthermore, additional details like the presence of an aromatic fragrance aid in distinguishing between related species. Nonetheless, significant fieldwork and evolutionary analysis aid in the taxonomy of Zingiber in Peninsular Malaysia. This review aims to give a broad overview of the identification and classification of the genus Zingiber in Peninsular Malaysia that has been documented in the literature previously.
A Review Study oftheVisual Geometry Group Approachesfor Image Classification
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Zakaria Nurzarinah , Mohmad Hassim Yana Mazwin ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

In the realm of advanced machine learning for image classification, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) stand as a pivotal tool, with the Visual Geometry Group-16(VGG16) model standing out for its emphasis on deepening and expanding CNNsarchitecture to achieve betteraccuracy. However, the complexdesign of VGG16presents challenges regardingcomputational efficiency and scalability. This study addressesthese issues by refining the VGG16architecture through strategic modifications, including reducing convolution blocks, integrating batch normalization (BN) layers, and incorporatinga global average pooling (GAP) layer alongside additional dense and dropout layers.The proposed architecture's effectiveness was assessed through comprehensive experiments across ten benchmark datasets, comparing its performance against the standard VGG16architecture. The proposed architecture sped up the execution time by 63.7% on average across all benchmark datasets, compared to the standard VGG16. Furthermore, the results showed that the proposed architecture outperformed VGG16 by improving the classification accuracy by up to 30.1% based on the overall datasets. In summary, the proposed architectureis made to be compactand accurate. By adjusting parameters, it processes information quickly and accurately. It also includes features to prevent overfitting and improve classification, resulting in a significant advancement in image classification.
A MORTE FETAL NO ÂMBITO HOSPITALAR SOB A PERCEPÇÃO DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Rosiane de Brito Jéssica , De Souza Prates Cibeli
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer as repercussões da morte fetal para os profissionais de enfermagem no âmbito hospitalar. Método: Pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram do estudo enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem atuantes no centro obstétrico e alojamento conjunto de um hospital da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, totalizando 15 participantes. A coleta de dados foi realizada em maio de 2022, através de entrevista individual semiestruturada. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise temática. A pesquisa seguiu as diretrizes da Resolução 466/2012 e foi autorizada pela instituição hospitalar e  pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS) CAAE nº 53678521.2.0000.5344. Resultados: As entrevistas originaram três categorias que abordaram o impacto da morte fetal para os profissionais de enfermagem, o cuidado com a mãe, bebê e família enlutada e as fragilidades no cuidado relatadas pelos profissionais. Considerações finais: Evidenciou- se que a morte fetal é uma situação delicada e desafiadora para todos os envolvidos, por isso, a necessidade de compreender e buscar por melhores formas de assistir a mulher e sua família que vivencia tal fato, qualificando a assistência e possibilitando que os profissionais de enfermagem se sintam mais seguros acerca do cuidado.
MANIFESTAÇÕES CUTÂNEAS DA COVID-19
Authors: Lima de Aguiar Beatriz Regina , Barros Ferreira Elaine , Diniz dos Reis Paula Elaine
Published: October 2024

Manifestações extrapulmonares da COVID-19 têm sido relatadas na literatura. Dentre elas, as manifestações cutâneas começaram a ser investigadas a partir da publicação de um artigo chinês e outro italiano. A partir daí, diversos estudos começaram a ser publicados relatando a apresentação de manifestações cutâneas da COVID-19, principalmente em pacientes com casos leves ou assintomáticos. Existem diferentes hipóteses para o aparecimento dessas lesões, que devem ser comprovadas ao longo das pesquisas subsequentes. No entanto, sabe-se que essas manifestações cutâneas podem ter relação direta do vírus SARS-CoV-2 sob as células da pele ou podem ser reações decorrentes de lesões vasculares causadas pelo vírus. É importante que enfermeiros tenham conhecimento sobre a possibilidade de lesões de pele serem decorrentes de manifestações da COVID-19 e que ainda conheçam as características dessas lesões. A equipe de enfermagem é responsável pelo primeiro atendimento dos pacientes, principalmente na Atenção Primária à Saúde que é a porta de entrada do serviço de saúde e de testagem da COVID-19 pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Recomendamos que enfermeiros suspeitem de COVID-19 ao identificarem lesões de pele sem causa definida e que recomendem a realização de teste de COVID-19.
Foreign Investment and Governance Shaping SEZ Performance in Uzbekistan
Authors: Ugli Odilbekov Nozimbek Ortikbek
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the performance of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Uzbekistan, with a focus on export growth, job creation, and infrastructure development. While SEZs are globally recognized for their contribution to economic growth, limited research exists on their outcomes in Uzbekistan. To address this gap, a multiple linear regression model was applied to data from 100 stakeholders, including policymakers, investors, and businesses within Uzbekistan's SEZs. The analysis revealed that FDI has a significant positive impact on SEZ performance, with a coefficient of 0.45, followed by governance quality (0.35) and infrastructure (0.25). The findings underscore the importance of foreign investment in fostering industrial growth and economic diversification. The study suggests that improving governance structures and infrastructure within SEZs is essential to fully leverage the benefits of FDI and recommends policy measures such as better investment incentives and streamlined bureaucratic processes to attract more foreign investors.
The Role of Digitalization in Economic Growth: Experience of Uzbekistan
Authors: Tal’atova Diyora Bakhodir qizi
Published: October 2024

With an emphasis on Uzbekistan, the study investigates how digitization promotes economic growth. The precise effects of digitalization elements on economic development are still not well understood, despite the rising body of research on digital economies. Using data from 2010 onward, the study used multiple linear regression to close this gap, looking at variables including software and information services and innovation spending. Information services and GDP growth were found to be strongly positively correlated, but software services had the opposite effect. Spending on innovation had a small but beneficial impact. According to the study, improving digital infrastructure and expanding internet adoption are essential for long-term economic growth, especially in emerging nations like Uzbekistan.
تأثير تمرينات الاتزان الغير مستقر في بعض المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية لمهارة الجيكوجكي للاعبي التايكواندو الاشبال
Authors: هلال حسن ناطق , نعيم علي
Published: October 2024

تبرز أهمية البحث حيث أن صفة الاتزان من أهم الصفات البدنية في رياضة التايكواندو حتى يضمن اللاعب الركل وخاصة على منطقة الرأس وكذلك عدم السقوط على الأرض حيث أن كل سقوط فاول واذا سقط اللاعب خمسة مرات في الجوالة الواحدة ينتهي النزال بخسارته للجولة فان اضافة ادوات مساعدة الى الواقع التدريبي المحلي يعد اضافة نوعية ومساعدة للعملية التدريبية وبالتالي ممكن ان تكون هذه التدريبات بالأدوات المساعدة اضافة علمية جديدة في تدريب مهارات التايكواندو . ولكون الباحث احد  لاعبي  المنتخب الوطني سابقاً في فعالية التايكواندو لاحظ بأن اغلب لاعبي التايكواندو في اندية محافظة واسط خاصة وفي العراق عامة لديهم صعوبة في الاتزان كلما زادت سرعة وقوة الركل وبالتالي السقوط في جميع فترات النزال وخلل  في المسار الحركي على منطقة واقي الراس ومن اهم اهداف البحث تصميم ادوات تدريبية مصممة لمتغيرات الاتزان وبعض المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية  اعداد تمرينات بأدوات مصممة للاتزان في بعض المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية لمهارة الجيكوجكي  ومن فروض البحث توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة  في بعض المؤشرات البايوميكانيكية ومتغيرات الاتزان و للمهارات الهجومية لاعبي التايكواندو الاشبال ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية عينة البحث فئة الاشبال بعمر من (9  _ 11 )سنة بواقع 15 لاعب لكلا المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة .
cocoon: An R package for extracting, formatting, and printing statistical output
Authors: Stevens Jeffrey R
Published: October 2024

Formatting statistics from R statistical objects can be troublesome. One must first find, extract, and include the relevant statistical values, format the values properly with leading zeros and appropriate rounding, and format the statistical labels to match norms or style guides. Doing this with inline code can be messy and hard to read with mulitple functions working in tandem to complete the formatting. Existing packages can extract and format statistics, but they often return output formatted for specific style guides and lack flexibility to precisely control the formatting in other ways. The `{cocoon}` package allows for flexible formatting of statistical objects, statistical values, and numbers more generally to allow users to easily embed statistical information in their reproducible research documents.
Reconocimiento perceptivo de hablantes: un experimento con voces clonadas artificialmente y con voces de gemelos idénticos
Authors: San Segundo Eugenia , Gibson Mark
Published: October 2024

En este estudio diseñamos un experimento de percepción de elección forzada múltiple (igual/diferente) con Praat utilizando 12 muestras de voz diferentes (3-5 segundos cada una), extraídas de conversaciones espontáneas semidirigidas entre parejas de gemelos. Hay dos muestras de voz diferentes por cada pareja de gemelos, y cada voz también fue clonada artificialmente. El experimento consta de 20 estímulos en 3 tipos de emparejamientos: 8 del mismo hablante, 8 de hablantes diferentes y 4 combinaciones de un hablante con su voz deepfake. En total, 30 oyentes participaron en el experimento de percepción en condiciones controladas (mismos auriculares, ordenador y sala silenciosa). Los oyentes eran estudiantes universitarios, hablantes nativos de español peninsular estándar. No sabían que los estímulos incluían voces de gemelos y deepfakes. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar si los resultados de identificación, así como los tiempos de reacción, dependen del tipo de combinación de estímulos: mismo hablante, diferente hablante o real-deepfake.
Temporal Depth in a Coherent Self and in Depersonalization: Theoretical Model
Authors: Tolchinsky Alexey , Levin Michael , Fields Chris , Da Costa Lancelot , Murphy Rachael , Friedman Daniel , Pincus David
Published: October 2024

Multiple theoretical models of dissociative experiences have been formulated over the last century. These theories are clinically useful; however, it remains unclear if common factors exist in various pathways leading to an onset of dissociations. This article is the first in a series of papers, where we provide a framework for building an integrated model of dissociative experiences. This framework combines a first-principles-based perspective with dynamical systems perspective. We propose that temporal depth collapse can be a possible common factor in dissociative episodes of any etiology, moreover, we consider this factor to have causal power. In a follow-up paper, we will examine this model from the standpoint of clinical practice and neurobiological theories of dissociations. We will also provide empirical data in support of this model and present ideas for therapeutic applications.
Comparing Cognitive Coping Components -An Investigation of Treatment Outcomes and Processes
Authors: Wall Andy , Lee Eric
Published: October 2024

Both traditional cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapyare established as efficacious treatment packages for adult depression. Major cognitive components of these treatments—cognitive restructuring and defusion— produce similar outcomes, despite working through different theoretical mechanisms of change. While the defusion half of openness to experience has been studied extensively, willingness has not yet received the same empirical attention. The aim of this study was to clarify the differences in treatment outcomes and processes between the cognitive components of CBT and ACT. Individuals with moderate to severe levels of depression symptoms took part in a week-long, online intervention meant to help them cope with a self-relevant, unwanted/unpleasant thought. Participants were randomly assigned to practice either cognitive restructuring or defusion & willingness using daily thought logs. Within-and-between subjects effects were examined and revealed that both interventions provided benefit to participants through shared processes. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed along with future directions.
Editorial overview: Big data in the behavioral sciences.
Authors: Kosinski Michal , Behrend Tara
Published: October 2024

The progress in artificial intelligence (AI), fueled by big data, is transforming the economy, culture, society, and lives of individuals. It is also transforming behavioral science: We can ask new kinds of questions and answer old ones in new ways. This special issue aims to highlight some of the most exciting trends in behavioral science fueled by big data.We invited some of the most renowned behavioral scientists from a diverse set of fields and asked them to consider both the promises and the challenges lying ahead. Their excellent papers provide a comprehensive overview of the many ways in which big data is changing the field. They discuss new developments in methods, theory, and applications. They expose how bigdata-based studies challenge the established methods and ethical norms in the field. They show that not only do we need new skills, but we also need a new way of thinking.
People Overestimate How Many Social Media Users Post Harmful Content
Authors: Lee Angela Yuson , Neumann Eric , Hancock Jeffrey , zaki jamil
Published: October 2024

People can become more cynical about the state of society when they see harmful behavior online. Three nationally representative studies of the American public (N = 1,090) revealed that people consistently and substantially overestimated how many social media users contribute to harmful behavior online. They believed that 43% of all Reddit users have posted severely toxic comments and that 33% of all Facebook users have shared false news online. In reality, platform-level data shows that most of these forms of harmful content are produced by small but highly active groups of users. This misperception was robust to different thresholds of harmful content and operationalizations of harmful content. An experiment revealed that overestimating the proportion of social media users who post harmful content makes people feel more negative emotion, perceive the U.S. to be in greater moral decline, and encourages distorted perceptions of what others desire to see on social media. However, these effects can be mitigated through a targeted intervention that corrects this misperception. Together, our findings highlight a novel perceptual mechanism that may explain why social media use can harm well-being and undermine social cohesion.
Music listening induces short-term changes in attention in post-stroke aphasia
Authors: Sebranek Emily , LaCroix Arianna N
Published: October 2024

Purpose: People with aphasia (PWA) with cognitive deficits have poorer treatment outcomes than those without. Yet, aphasia therapy rarely targets cognition, which may contribute to the continued variability observed in aphasia treatment outcomes. Listening to music has been shown to positively impact cognition in neurotypical adults. The purpose of this study was to extend this large body of research into PWA by investigating whether listening to music improves attention in PWA.Method: Forty-three PWA were assigned to listen to music characterized as happy (major mode, fast tempo) or sad (minor mode, slow tempo), or no music for 10 minutes. Attention was measured before and after music listening using the Attention Network Task, which measures three types of attention: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Mixed ANOVAs were used to explore how each type of attention changed after music listening by group and aphasia severity.Results: Our results demonstrate that listening to happy music improved orienting attention, regardless of aphasia severity. Happy music listening also improved alerting attention for individuals with moderate-severe aphasia. Executive control attention was not modulated by music listening. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that music listening has the potential to improve attention in PWA. While we recommend further research in this area to better understand the extent and underlying mechanisms of music-induced changes in attention, SLPs may want to consider incorporating music listening into their treatment of PWA.
Sharing Clinically Relevant Research Results with Active-Duty Special Operations Forces Personnel: Toward an Ethical Framework for Responsible Disclosure
Authors: Young Michael J , Tramazzo John , McKinney Isabella , Gilmore Natalie M. , Hu Collin G , Ditzel Ricky M , Modlin Robert E , McNamara Chris , Bonvie Joseph , Tromly Samantha L , Mac Donald Christine L , Dams-O’Connor Kristen , Bodien Yelena G , Edlow Brian L
Published: October 2024

Structured acquisition and analysis of individual-level health data in the context of biomedical research can yield novel results with potential clinical or personal relevance to participants. While approaches to returning individual-level research results to study participants in civilian contexts has received some attention, unique ethical considerations informing approaches to sharing military research results, and particularly in research studies involving active-duty Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel, have been underexplored. As the number of research studies enrolling active-duty military personnel grows, an ethical framework to guide responsible handling and sharing of individual-level research results in these distinctive contexts is crucial to safeguard the rights and welfare of research participants and to elucidate appropriate practices for investigators. After exploring the landscape of ethical, clinical, legal and logistical considerations both motivating and complicating routine sharing of individual-level biomedical research results with active-duty SOF personnel, we propose a framework to guide responsible disclosure of results to capture potential benefits while mitigating possible risks.