bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual View on the Service Platform Architecture of the National Research Computer Network of Russia
Authors:   St. Petersburg Department of Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Abramov A. G.
Published: February 2022

The paper is devoted to the service component of the National Research Computer Network (NIKS), de jure and de facto functioning and currently being developed as a national research and education network of Russia. A conceptual vision of the architecture of the NIKS service platform in the conditions of planned development is given, the features of the platform at different levels of presentation are discussed, including its core, the main sources of content, a service map and features of external interaction, including international. The characteristics of the current state and key trends in the development of service components of the world's leading national research and education networks are identified and discussed, general information on work plans to improve the NIKS service platform is provided.
Analysis of Network Interaction of Modern Exploits
Authors:   ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Pavlov A. V.
Published: February 2022

During targeted attack campaigns a malicious actor may use proxy servers to hide the attack path and origin. This approach may be used during the reconnaissance and exploitation phases. It can make the investigation process for Blue Team harder as security events can be assigned to different incidents by security software or some important data may be missing. In this paper the statistics of public exploits for 2018-2020 is considered. For the most frequent types of vulnerabilities based on CWE classification during this period, an analysis of the features of network interaction is performed. Additional factors that may have an impact on the total number of requests during exploitation, like authorization, CSRF protection and extra information gathering are investigated. Based on the number of requests and the possibility of detection by security mechanisms, the possibility of restoring the connectivity of the requests of the attacker using proxy servers for requests is determined. This classification may be used to develop Alert Correlation System methods and mechanisms, identify attacker groups and perform attack attribution.
The Concept of the MirTokens Cloud Service
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Manzhula O. O. , Soloviev E. G. ,   nnovation Department of PJSC NSPK, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The concept of the MirTokens cloud service is proposed, which allows implementing the idea of issuing digital bills by individuals and legal entities that give the holder the right to receive a guaranteed fixed amount of money, goods or services. The introduction of the service will allow the introduction of a universal debt instrument into circulation, which will allow participants to make transactions with guaranteed and, possibly, deferred payment, including between employers and their employees.
Using Machine Learning Methods to Predict Mortality after Myocardial Infarction
Authors:   Voronezh Institute of High Technologies, Voronezh, Russian Federation, Lvovich Ya. E. , Kashirina I. L. ,   Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russian Federation, Firyulina M. A. ,   Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

his article describes the results of a study on predicting the risk of mortality after myocardial infarction, and the use of various tools for their interpretation. Several methods for predicting mortality risk were used for the analysis: the Kaplan-Meier model, machine learning models — the Cox model, logistic regression, Catboost gradient boosting. An increase in the accuracy of the results was achieved using various data balancing methods: oversampling and undersampling. The most accurate was the gradi­ent boosting model after applying the balancing undersampling strategy using the method of random duplication of examples. The accuracy (percentage of correct answers) of this model was 0.85, and the aggregated metric AUC ROC was 0.828. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that statistical methods highlight a greater number of significant features than the gradient boosting method. The most significant factors determining the patient's condition after the onset of myocardial infarction: the effect of severity according to the KILLIP scale, the patient's age, undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, and the patient's history of arterial hypertension. With the help of modern tools for visualizing the results, it was possible to make the gradient boosting method clear and interpretable. The SHAP method was used to stratify the risks for each patient, showing which traits made the main contribution to obtaining the predicted mortality risk value, as well as assessing the impact of each trait on many possible predictions.
Prostate cancer in disabled settings
Authors: Alekseev B. Ya. , Tombal’ B. , Kel’n A. A.
Published: February 2022

В апреле 2021 г. был опубликован документ, в котором достигнут консенсус относительно того, что в условиях ограниченных ресурсов врачи готовы экономить на диагностике, но не на лечении. В настоящем обзоре представлены главные постулаты лечения неметастатического кастрационно-резистентного рака предстательной железы в условиях ограниченных и безграничных ресурсов, личное мнение и собственный опыт экспертов, принимавших участие в регистрационных протоколах SPA.
LEGAL PHENOMENON OF THE VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT IN UKRAINE, AS A REACTION OF SELF-DEFENSE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN 2014
Authors:   chairman of the All-Ukrainian Union of Veterans ", Vorona Petrо ,   Brotherhood of the Phoenix Battalion", Bobrytsky Leonid
Published: February 2022

The article examines the military-historical aspect of the emergence and legal phenomenon of the revival of the volunteer movement in Ukraine, as a response and self-defense against Russian aggression in eastern Ukraine. The legal aspect of legality of formation and activity of public paramilitary formations is considered. The stages of creation of the most famous and effective volunteer battalions, their participation in repelling Russian aggression have been studied. It is proved that the formation of volunteer battalions in Ukraine in 2014 was not only extremely necessary, but also completely legal, although it did not fully comply with the legal field. The authors note that the battalions, at the most critical time for the state, saved Ukraine from the occupation of its southeastern territories by regular Russian troops. It is noted that Ukraine desperately needs a legislative settlement of the armed resistance to the aggressor, following the example of the Republic of Lithuania. According to the authors, the development of discussions on the legality of the establishment of "welfare" is an attempt to split Ukrainian society in order to significantly weaken Ukraine's national security. Emphasis is placed on the danger of manipulation by certain political forces on the issue of adaptation to the peaceful life of anti-terrorist operation participants and their use as a protest electorate.
SPEECH GENRE “VIDEO INTERVIEW”: COMMUNICATIVE AND PRAGMATIC ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, DYAKIV Khrystyna
Published: February 2022

The interview occupies one of the leading places among the dialogue genres of the media, as it concerns the directreceipt of information or perspectives from the heads of state’s point of view, as well as from experts in particular fields,athletes, artists. This is what determines the relevance of the interview genre research. The aim of this article is tosingle out video interviews as a speech genre (in German studies – a communicative genre), as well as to define itscommunicative organization and composition, namely communicative and pragmatic organization in general. For the first time, a model for analyzing the speech genre “video interview” has been created. For this purpose the “passport”of T. Shmelyova’s speech genre, register features and parameter of the general communicative meaning of F. Batsevychwere used. The composition of the video interview, its communicative purpose and general communicative meaning,specifics of communication channels (scope of the video interview, form of expression and dictum content), communicationspace and content of social roles of communicators (model of the interviewer and the respondent, as well as factorsof communicative past and future), tone of genre and parameters of language embodiment (verbal and nonverbal meansof video interviews). Video interviews are defined as a speech (communicative) genre with a certain established structure,namely an integrated informative version of the interview genre, which includes TV and special interviews stored onYouTube video hosting on the Internet, which are a public form of receipt by the interviewer information through questionson a particular topic (about the identity of the respondent, his thoughts on a particular problem or event) from a wellknownin the field respondent, who has a specific composition at different structural levels. By analyzing communicativegenres, it can be proved that the communicative practices of interaction participants are created by a specific interactivefocus on the types of texts and discourses.
THE RECEPTION OF HETMAN IVAN MAZEPA IN FRANCISZEK RAWITA-GAWROŃSKI’S WRITINGS
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, YAKOVENKO Yanina
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the image of the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa in the works of Franciszek Rawita-Gawroński.In his works, the Cossacks have always had a negative connotation regardless of their positive features and historicalmission. The powerful Ukrainian army, which repeatedly sided with the Polish nobility, could not change the opinionof the author, who throughout his career considered them a destructive force. The Cossacks became such an organicphenomenon in Polish literature that it completely captured the imagination of the Romantics. Polish writers were happyto describe historical events in which Poles and Ukrainians united against a common enemy, such as the Turks. Rawita-Gawroński was no exception, although he was a representative of the period of positivism, but did not completely abandonthe traditions of the previous era. The writer critically assessed the existence and functioning of the Cossacks, whichwas a powerful and multifaceted group of human types, which in turn reveals its apolitical, anti-social and immoralnature. In his novels, Franciszek Rawita-Gawroński tried to avoid the poetics of romanticism, but did not refuse to usethe achievements of Ukrainian folklore, customs, traditions and legends, which are inextricably linked with the Cossacks. In the analyzed novels, Franciszek Rawita-Gawroński used a realistic method, using probability criteria, mainly in the wayof motivating events and figures. Ukrainian Cossacks have always caused a storm of emotions, both positive and negative.Speaking of Rawita-Gawroński, in his works the Cossack has always been a negative character, without taking intoaccount his positive qualities. His Cossack is a robber, a slacker, a drunkard who seeks only robbery and cruelty. However,the only representative of the Ukrainian Cossacks who aroused Rawita-Gawroński's respect was Ivan Mazepa, whomthe author described as a powerful and wise ruler capable of great historically important actions.
Sogdian Manuscript Fragments from the Collection of S.F. Oldenburg (The Serindia Collection of the IOM, RAS) Part 1
Authors: Zaytsev Viacheslav P. , Chunakova Olga M.
Published: February 2022

This paper, published in two parts, presents the results of joint work on several Sogdian fragments recently discovered in the Serindia Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM, RAS), written on scrolls with Chinese texts on the back, as is the case with most similar texts. Study of the Chinese texts on the other side has made it possible to identify them as belonging to the commonly-occurring Buddhist text of the Lotus Sutra (Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra), and to determine the order of all the fragments. This enabled us to join the new Sogdian fragments with some previously published ones, to determine their order and thus get a better understanding of the Sogdian texts of these fragments. It is also possible to note some features of the use of Chinese scrolls by the Sogdian Manichaeans (the cutting of the scrolls into separate sheets, the possible gluing of the sheets in a different order, etc.).
The Manchu-Chinese Diploma Gaoming 誥命 from the Collection of Nikolai P. Likhachev
Authors: Pang Tatiana A.
Published: February 2022

The Chinese collection of the IOM RAS keeps the Manchu-Chinese diploma from the former Museum of Paleography, which was founded by Nikolai P. Likhachev in 1925. The Museum was closed in 1930, and manuscripts in Oriental languages were sent to the nowadays IOM RAS. Among these manuscripts was the Manchu-Chinese diploma dated 1682. It bestowed the civil official Yatu the 4th rank title zhongxian dafu, and his wife from the Tunggo clan a corresponding title. The article publishes the diploma and its Russian translation from Chinese and Manchu.
The Earliest Extant Example of Woodblock Printing:
the Precept Certificate of the 29th Year of Kaiyuan (741 A.D.)
Authors: Xingiang Rong
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the present author focus on the three printed images of Buddha on the precept certificate from the Dayun Monastery of Dunhuang preserved in St. Petersburg (Дх.02881+Дх.02882). It is the earliest extant example of woodblock printing, with a definite date the 9th day of the 2nd month of the 29th year of Kaiyuan 開元 (A.D. 741), which has long been ignored by the specialists on the history of printing. The certificate was given the monk Daojian from the Great Anguo Monastery from the capital Changan, as the representative of the royal monastery. The precept certificate with printed Buddha images has great significance in the history of printing. Based on the facts that Sinicized monasteries in Central Asia and Japan should have the same institution as in Dunhuang and Changan, we can assume the certificate with the same woodblock printing was very likely to be spread to the Western Region (Central Asia) as well as to Japan.
Generación de data sets simulando diferentes tipos de cámaras en entornos virtuales
Authors: Berenguer Yerai , Payá Luis , Jiménez Luis Miguel , Ballesta Mónica , Reinoso Óscar
Published: February 2022

En este artículo se presenta una plataforma para crear diferentes tipos de data sets a partir de entornos virtuales. Estos data sets contienen información sobre la apariencia visual del entorno y sobre la distancia desde algunas posiciones de referencia hasta todos los objetos. Los algoritmos diseñados para la creación de mapas y la localización de robots deben ser probados y testados con diferentes conjuntos de imágenes para validarlos. Esto puede llevarse a cabo utilizando imágenes reales, sin embargo, un cambio en los parámetros del sistema de visión supondría su sustitución y se tendrían que volver a capturar nuevos data sets. Esto supone un alto coste y frena el avance en las primeras fases del desarrollo. El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar una herramienta versátil que permita generar data sets para testar eficientemente estos algoritmos. Otra ventaja de esta plataforma es que pueden generarse imágenes desde cualquier posición del entorno y con cualquier rotación. Además, las imágenes generadas no tienen ruido; lo que permite llevar a cabo una prueba preliminar en condiciones ideales. El entorno virtual se puede crear y modificar fácilmente. Por ´último, la plataforma permite realizar otras tareas avanzadas utilizando las imágenes generadas y el entorno virtual.
La tributación de los rendimientos de actividades económicas en el IRPF
Authors:   Universidad de
            Zaragoza, Arner Güerre Asunción
Published: February 2022

La tributación de los rendimientos de actividades económicas (RAE) en el IRPF,
además de por la gran crisis económica, se ha visto afectada por las reformas del
Sistema de Financiación de las Comunidades Autónomas de régimen común (SFA) y Ciudades
con Estatuto de Autonomía, en 2001 y en 2009, que establecen una tarifa autonómica que
cada Comunidad Autónoma aprueba en cada ejercicio. En definitiva, las rentas de
actividades económicas tributan de forma distinta en cada Comunidad Autónoma, a
diferencia de las rentas de las sociedades cuya tributación en todo el territorio
nacional es actualmente del 25%, sin perjuicio de lo establecido en los regímenes
tributarios forales. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la evolución de los RAE
declarados en el IRPF, considerando las últimas reformas del SFA. La metodología
consiste en la estimación de un panel de datos dinámico, en el período 2003-2019,
mediante el estimador de variables instrumentales (IV) y su generalización por el
Estimador Generalizado de los Momentos (GMM). Los principales resultados se refieren, en
primer lugar, a la significatividad global del modelo y de las variables individualmente
consideradas. En segundo lugar, la elasticidad de la variable RAE respecto el tipo de
gravamen autonómico es negativa de -0,09. Este resultado puede justificarse porque la
tarifa de gravamen autonómica es progresiva, la establecen los gobiernos regionales en
cada ejercicio y puede generar un desplazamiento de la actividad económica por la
diferente tributación entre regiones.
Rare case of extensive aspergillosis of nose and paranasal sinuses with sinking orbit
Authors: Sathe Nilam , Magdum Rajat , Sawarkar Swapnal , Chavan Kamini
Published: February 2022

: Aspergillus species is a chronic colonizer of paranasal sinuses and ears as well as associated with a variety of different clinical conditions. Fungi are increasingly recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among the patients because of the wider use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, immuno suppressive therapy, cancer chemotherapy, increased incidence of immunodeficiency diseases and increased use of intensive care interventions. Among the species of Aspergillus, A. flavus is more common in India and Arabian countries while in USA A. fumigatus is the most common

32 years old male presented with complaints of headache since 4 months, insidious in onset, progressive, no history of diurnal variation. He developed swelling around right eye since 3 months associated with history of diplopia. He was non diabetic but was hypertensive& was on medication. Ge was suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis and on immunosuppressive medications for it. CT scan of nose & paranasal sinuses revealed a soft tissue opacification in the right maxillary sinus with right anterior ethmoids and extensive bony erosion of the sinuses and the floor of orbit with intraorbital extension. The eyeball was sinking in the maxillary sinus. Patient was taken up for surgery , Right Total Maxillectomy Surgery with repair of floor of orbit using Titanium plate was done under under general anaethesia using External Weber Ferguson approach. Intraoperative findings suggestive of fungal debris in Right maxilla which was confirmed on final histopathological report.

: Invasive aspergillosis is mainly seen in immunocompromised individuals likeneutropenia, uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus, inappropriate use of antibiotics, immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids, post viral infections. The mortality and morbidity like vision loss, facial deformity, meningitis,and other intracranial complications can be reduced with early recognition and early intervention. The advanced tools like Titanium plates can prevent the sinking of eyeball into maxillary Sinus & prevent morbidities like diplopia, squint & vision loss.

Aspergillosis of Nose & Paranasal sinus; Sinking Orbit
Light-stimulated dephosphorylation of the BiP-like protein, SmicHSP75 (SBiP1) from Symbiodinium microadriaticum is inhibited by elevated but not low temperature and suggests regulation of the chaperone function
Authors: Castillo-Medina Raúl Eduardo , Islas-Flores Tania , Villanueva Marco
Published: February 2022

Specific phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes are fundamental for the transduction of external stimuli into physiological responses. A few of these processes appear to be modulated by light in cultured Symbiodinium microadriaticum since the BiP-like protein SmicHSP75 undergoes threonine dephosphorylation upon light stimuli. Several isoforms of the protein are encoded in the S. microadriaticum genome and thus, we identified and heterologously expressed a specific sequence corresponding to the previously identified SmicHSP75 isoform to obtain a highly specific antibody. We then determined by western blot analysis, that the detected light-stimulated changes in SmicHSP75 threonine phosphorylation were not due to changes in the protein expression and explored further the effect of lower than normal and higher stressful temperature, on the phosphorylation levels of the protein. Upon long-term (12 h) exposure of the cells to the low temperature of 21ºC under darkness, the protein was found significantly phosphorylated; however, light exposure for 30 min caused a dephosphorylation effect like the 26ºC control treatment. On the other hand, in cells exposed to 32ºC for 12 h under darkness, the highly Thr-phosphorylated SmicHSP75 was converted to a low-level phosphorylated protein. Likewise, short term (30 min) exposure to 32ºC under dark conditions caused dephosphorylation of the protein, similar to what was observed upon long-term exposure to 32ºC and upon light stimulation of cells under the normal temperature of 26ºC. These data suggested activation/inactivation of the chaperone function of SmicHSP75 by regulation of its Thr phosphorylation levels under heat stress conditions in Symbiodinium microadriaticum, independent of changes in protein expression.
Влияние сроков сева на структуру урожая ярового ячменя
Authors: Моисеев С.А. , Рябкин Е.А. , Каргин В.И. , Камалихин В.Е.
Published: February 2022

При возделывании любой сельскохозяйственной культуры посев является самым важным этапом. От условий, в которых был проведён посев, зависит дальнейшее развитие и урожайность растений. Одним из самых важных условий при посеве является состояние почвы, её структуры, количество, качество и доступность элементов питания, содержания влаги и состояния почвенной микрофлоры. Достижение почвой оптимального состояния по влажности и по остальным параметрам называется физической спелостью. Сроки посева ярового ячменя должны совпадать с периодом физической спелости почв для достижения наиболее благоприятных условий развития растений. В статье приведены результаты опытов по определению показателей высоты стебля, длины колоса, числа зёрен в колосе и массы зерна с колоса ярового ячменя в зависимости от сроков сева.
Особенности производства и ремонта пресс-форм для производства изделий пластмасс
Authors: Трусова Е.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье основные принципы и этапы создания пресс-формы для литья пластмасс. Описываются современные технологии производства пресс-форм позволяющие выполнять моделирование изделий с очень высокой скоростью и точностью. Также описывается способы ремонта пресс-форм с наименьшими экономическими потерями.
Ландшафтопользование: роль практик паспортизации ландшафтов в решении задач этапа индикации при освоении территорий
Authors: Старожилов В.Т.
Published: February 2022

Работа представляет собой продолжение комплексных исследований ландшафтной школы профессора В.Т. Старожилова (doi:10.24411/1728-323Х-2020-13079; doi:10.18411/lj05-2020-26), разработок по «Ландшафтному звену выстраивания планирования и развития экономических, градостроительных и др. структур осваиваемых территорий» (doi: 10.18411/lj-09-2020-36), а также авторских разработок по ландшафтопользованию, паспортизации и индикации ландшафтов. В статье в рамках разработанной парадигмы ландшафтопользование и предложенного в ней применения такого направления как паспортизация ландшафтов, на основе анализа, синтеза и оценки ландшафтных материалов по Тихоокеанскому ландшафтному поясу приводятся результаты исследований роли практик паспортизации ландшафтов в решении задач этапа индикации при освоении территорий. Формулируется и утверждается, что на сегодняшний день в связи с расширением освоения территорий РФ, встает проблема стандартизации и паспортизации ландшафтов и использования паспортов как основы для построения моделей индикации паспортизированных территорий. Отмечается, что в многоотраслевом освоении территорий возникает проблема многократного использования и сохранения материалов по ландшафтам при составлении моделей различных типов освоения. Формулируется, что она решается с помощью применения паспортов. Особенно это касается индикации каждого ландшафта, использования этого материала при составлении карт индикации. Утверждается, что исходя из опыта практической реализации парадигмы ландшафтопользования усиливается востребованность паспортизации ландшафтов и её роль в освоении не только частных территорий, но и в целом Российской Федерации.
К вопросу формирования правосознания у сотрудников органов внутренних дел
Authors: Канунников Р.И.
Published: February 2022

В статье дается анализ формированию правосознания у сотрудников органов внутренних дел на современном этапе. Учет выделенных особенностей правосознания у сотрудников правоохранительных органов будет способствовать наиболее эффективному применению в деятельности практических психологов в системе МВД России. В выводе представлены предложения по повышению уровня правосознания у сотрудников органов внутренних дел с учетом изученных особенностей.
Актуальность формирования компетентности психологов в области горя
Authors: Чекалина Е.С.
Published: February 2022

В статье поднят вопрос о необходимости включения в программу обучения студентов высших учебных заведений, выбирающих профессию психолога, мероприятий по формированию навыков работы с темой смерти, горевания, как общечеловеческой категории. Также обращается внимание на несформированность компетентностной модели для специалиста, оказывающего психологическую помощь горюющим клиентам.
Особенности пространственной организации интерьера бутика
Authors: Баширова С.Р.
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена анализу особенностей пространственной организации интерьеров бутиков. Рассмотрены варианты интерьеров различных функциональных зон бутиков. Выявлены приемы организации пространства рассматриваемых помещений бутиков.
Информационные ресурсы бизнес-планирования в строительстве
Authors: Волковская В.В. , Тернющенко В.А. , Ковтуненко М.Г.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены информационные ресурсы, используемые в строительстве для составления бизнес-плана, представлена приблизительная структура бизнес-плана, описывается на чем основывается система информационного обеспечения бизнеспланирования, разъясняется почему важно составлять бизнес-планы, а не держать их в голове.
Режим резания детали с использованием математических знаний
Authors: Гамова Н.А. , Косилов М.А. , Никитина К.Д.
Published: February 2022

Использование математических знаний при изучении общеобразовательных и профессиональных дисциплин, поиск инновационных методов обучения и образовательных технологий,становится более эффективным и доступным, способствует решению важных задач, вытекающих из требований стандартов высшего образования. Цель данной статьи заключается в том, чтобы показать, как используются математические знания на практике будущими бакалаврами направления технология машиностроения. Покажем, как осуществить расчет резания деталина примере фрезерной операции с ЧПУ.
Роль самостоятельной работы при изучении химии студентами естественнонаучного направления
Authors: Дурягина Е.Г.
Published: February 2022

В данной статье показано значение самостоятельной работы при изучении химии студентами естественнонаучного направления.
Сила трения в жизни человека
Authors: Датский. В.Е. , Межуев. М.А. , Ермолаева. В.В.
Published: February 2022

С трением мы сталкиваемся на каждом шагу. Вернее было бы сказать, что без трения мы и шагу ступить не можем. Но, несмотря на ту большую роль, которую играет трение в нашей жизни, до сих пор не создана достаточно полная картина возникновения трения. Это связано даже не с тем, что трение имеет сложную природу, а скорее с тем, что опыты с трением очень чувствительны к обработке поверхности и поэтому трудно воспроизводимы.
Экономическая безопасность предприятия: сущность и принцип формирования
Authors: Галстян А.С. , Слободянюк Р.О.
Published: February 2022

В современных условиях важную роль играет экономическая безопасность предприятия, которая предполагает состояние стабильности, устойчивости и защищенности в осуществлении финансово-хозяйственной деятельности. Данная статья посвящена определению понятия экономическая безопасность предприятия. Рассматривается принцип формирования экономической безопасности как реализация регулярного процесса через систему действий по нейтрализации внутренних и внешних угроз.
The Open Corpus of the Veps and Karelian Languages: Overview and Applications
Authors: Boyko Tatyana , Zaitseva Nina , Krizhanovskaya Natalia , Krizhanovsky Andrew , Novak Irina , Pellinen Nataliya , Rodionova Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

Abstract. A growing priority in the study of Baltic-Finnic languages of the Republic of Karelia has been the methods and tools of corpus linguistics. Since 2016, linguists, mathematicians, and programmers at the Karelian Research Centre have been working with the Open Corpus of the Veps and Karelian Languages (VepKar), which is an extension of the Veps Corpus created in 2009. The VepKar corpus comprises texts in Karelian and Veps, multifunctional dictionaries linked to them, and software with an advanced system of search using various criteria of the texts (language, genre, etc.) and numerous linguistic categories (lexical and grammatical search in texts was implemented thanks to the generator of word forms that we created earlier). A corpus of 3000 texts was compiled, texts were uploaded and marked up, the system for classifying texts into languages, dialects, types and genres was introduced, and the word-form generator was created. Future plans include developing a speech module for working with audio recordings and a syntactic tagging module using morphological analysis outputs. Owing to continuous functional advancements in the corpus manager and ongoing VepKar enrichment with new material and text markup, users can handle a wide range of scientific and applied tasks. In creating the universal national VepKar corpus, its developers and managers strive to preserve and exhibit as fully as possible the state of the Veps and Karelian languages in the 19
Images of Sleep and Insomnia Spirits in Karelian Mythology
Authors: Ivanova Liudmila I.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The primary source of material for this research was the folklore-ethnographic evidence stored in the archives of Karelia and collected over a century-long time period by Karelian folklore researchers. Comparative-historical, synchronous-descriptive and comparative-typological methods were employed. The scientific novelty and relevance of this research arise from the fact that the topic has not been studied through 19-20th century mythological stories of Karelians. The focus of the study was on the images of two mythological characters that are antagonistic and struggle for power over the child: yönitkettäi ‘night placheya (evil night spirit of crying)’ and uniukko ‘old man of sleep’. They enter the house at night, the former by breaking the established taboo, the latter invited by a human. The worlds of the spirits are also antipodal both to each other and to the human world.
Keywords: mythology, folklore, Karelians, night placheya, old man of sleep, beliefs
Aygıt-İnsan, İnsansız-Yaşam: Teknolojinin Gölgesinde Bedenin, Duyuların ve Hafızanın Yeniden-Tasarımı
Authors: DEMİR Sertaç Timur
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışma tekno-sosyal çağın ilişkilerine olabildiğince gerçekçi perspektiften baktığı varsayılan bilim kurgu türü üzerinden eleştirel bir tartışma yapmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu tartışmanın odağında bedene, hafızaya ve duyulara iyiden iyiye nüfuz eden teknolojik aygıtlar ve onların insani nitelikler üzerindeki dramatik izdüşümleri vardır. Makalenin argümanına göre ayırt etmek, merhamet göstermek, reddetmek, hata yapmak, dalgın olmak, görmezden gelmek ve unutmak gibi insana özgü vasıfların yerini gündelik yaşamı otomasyon kültüründe işleten, sürekli uyanık ve dinamik tekno-sistemler almaktadır. İnsanı mekanik akışa eklemleyen bu kültürde şiddet de sterilize edilmek suretiyle belirsizleştirilmektedir. Aygıtlar insan bedenini çevreleyen dış dünyaya değil; bizatihi bedene entegre ve bilinç dışına dönük şekilde tasarımlanmaktadır. Özgürlük istencini de bulanıklaştıran bu coşkulu ve hızlı eğilim, uyumak dahil neredeyse tüm alışkanlıkları ve ayrıca duyuları —özellikle de gözü— yeniden formüle etmektedir. Bunun sonucunda bir zamanlar tefekkür ve tahayyülün merkezinde olan duyu(ş)lar teknik olarak araçsallaşmakta ve aygıtların hizmetinde pasif eklentiler halini almaktadır. Bu nitel çalışmada söz konusu yaklaşımlar, son yıllarda oldukça popüler olan Black Mirror dizisinin Senin Tüm Geçmişin ve Acımadan Öldürmek bölümleri ışığında sosyolojik film analizi yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. Bu yöntem filmleri sanat alanına temas eden teknik ve estetik unsurlarından ziyade toplumsal yaşamın yansıması, yorumu veya temsili olarak ele almaktadır. Bu makalede odaklanılan iki bölüm de bu açıdan modern kültürün göstergelerinden olan teknolojik inovasyonların özellikle insan bedeni, hafızası ve duyuları üzerindeki belirleyiciliğini tamamlayıcı tavırla izah etmesi bakımından dikkat çekicidir. Çalışmanın teorik çerçevesini ise modern tekno-kültürel değişimi sosyolojik yaklaşımın eleştirel penceresinden analiz eden Günther Anders, Jean Baudrillard, Zygmunt Bauman, Paul Virilio ve Byung-Chul Han gibi düşünürler oluşturmaktadır.
The number of partial Steiner systems and d-partitions
Authors: van der Hofstad Remco , Pendavingh Rudy , van der Pol Jorn
Published: February 2022

We prove asymptotic upper bounds on the number of $d$-partitions (paving matroids of fixed rank) and partial Steiner systems (sparse paving matroids of fixed rank), using a mixture of entropy counting, sparse encoding, and the probabilistic method.
A predicação de Cardozo nos versos de Cabral
Authors: Correia Éverton Barbosa
Published: February 2022

Sendo Joaquim Cardozo o interlocutor mais recorrente ao longo da obra de João Cabral de Melo Neto, é possível visualizar uma série literária entre os poemas que celebram tal diálogo poético. Todavia, a interlocução permite que o conjunto de composições delineado aí se desdobre em dois níveis: o dos poemas em que o homenageado aparece no título do texto e aqueles outros nos quais sua ocorrência é acidental, adquirindo função predicativa, ora adjetival ora adverbial. Tal predicação será ilustrada retrospectivamente por meio de um adjetivo constante no livro A escola das facas (1980) e de um advérbio presente em Quaderna (1960), ambos inscritos sob o mesmo significante: “Cardozo”. Considerada como uma dobra da convenção literária, interessa assinalar materialmente como tal influência foi se consolidando, no contexto editorial e no curso dos versos, a ponto de instituir um vinco na tradição poética brasileira.
The first fungi: mode of delivery determines early life fungal colonization in the intestine of preterm infants
Authors: Henderickx Jannie G. E. , de Weerd Heleen , Groot Jebbink Liesbeth J. , van Zoeren-Grobben Diny , Hemels Marieke A. C. , van Lingen Richard A. , Knol Jan , Belzer Clara
Published: February 2022

Aim: The role of intestinal fungi in human health and disease is becoming more evident. The mycobiota composition and diversity of preterm infants is affected by interactions with bacteria and clinical variables. In this study, we aimed to characterize the composition and the diversity of the preterm infant mycobiota and the effect of clinical variables on it in the first six postnatal weeks. Methods: Preterm infants (n = 50) and full-term infants (n = 6) admitted to Isala Women and Children’s hospital (Zwolle, The Netherlands) who were born during 24-36 or 37-40 weeks of gestation, respectively, were included in this study. Feces were collected during the first six postnatal weeks (n = 109) and their mycobiota composition and diversity were characterized by ITS2 amplicon sequencing. Results: Composition analyses identified fungi and other eukaryotic kingdoms, of which Viridiplantae was most abundant. Of the fungal kingdom, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the first and second most prominent phyla in early life of all infants. Candida was the most abundant genus in the first six weeks of life and increased with gestational and postnatal age. Fungal phylogenetic diversity remained stable in the first six postnatal weeks. The individuality and the mode of delivery were identified as significant predictors for the variation in the mycobiota composition. Vaginally delivered infants were enriched in Candida spp., whereas infants delivered through emergency C-section were characterized by Malassezia spp. Conclusion: These results indicate that fungi and other eukaryotic kingdoms are detected in the intestine of preterm and full-term infants in the first six postnatal weeks. Similar to the microbiota, colonization of the preterm intestine with fungi is determined by clinical variables including individuality and mode of delivery.
Ketamine as a Novel Psychopharmacotherapy for Eating Disorders: Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: Ragnhildstveit Anya , Slayton Matthew , Jackson Laura , Brendle Madeline , Ahuja Sachin , Holle Willis , Moore Claire , Sollars Kellie , Seli Paul , Robison Reid
Published: February 2022

Eating disorders (EDs) are serious, life-threatening psychiatric conditions associated with physical and psychosocial impairments, as well as high morbidity and mortality. Given the chronic refractory nature of EDs and the paucity of evidence-based treatments, there is a pressing need to identify novel approaches for this population. The noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) antagonist, ketamine, has recently been approved for treatment-resistant depression, which exhibits rapid and robust antidepressant effects, particularly among clinical non-responders. It is now being investigated for several new indications, including obsessive-compulsive, post-traumatic, and substance use disorder; and shows transdiagnostic potential for EDs. As such, the aim of this review is to examine contemporary findings on the treatment of EDs with ketamine, whether used as a primary, adjunctive, or combination pharmacotherapy. Avenues for future research are also discussed. Overall, results are encouraging and point to therapeutic value, yet are limited to case series and reports principally on anorexia nervosa. Further empirical work is thus needed to explore and establish ketamine efficacy for EDs, and to inform targeted treatment strategies.
Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Its Potential Health Implications in Indonesia
Authors: Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi , Atmarita Atmarita , Duki Mohammad Imran Zulkarnain , Bardosono Saptawati , Wibowo Lindawati , Lukito Widjaja
Published: February 2022

The broad availability of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the Indonesian market, increasing trend of their consumption, combined with escalating incidence and prevalence of diabetes and related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and the ongoing debate on policies, have called for a comprehensive review as described in this study. Data was compiled from various sources but mainly gathered from the reported or published documents because of no direct access to the necessary data set. The lack of studies that assessed the direct relationship between SSB consumption and health outcomes in the Indonesian context also became a strong reason for the preparation of this review to highlight important points for further research, academic reviews, and debates on empiric policies to control sugar consumption at the population level. Sociocultural factors were an apparent and crucial determinant of the sweetness preferences of mainstream Indonesians. They were not capitalized in the available documents and should be embraced in future health promotional measures. Given the high contribution of carbohydrates and sugar to total energy intake in the Indonesian diet, it is pertinent to control the increasing trend of SSBs consumption through interventions on both the supply and demand sides.
A Promising Flow Assurance Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Heating for Wax Removal in Offshore Pipeline and Production Tubing: Mechanism and Simulation
Authors: Li Weidong , Zhang Hanqing , Li Huiyuan , Wang Wenda
Published: February 2022

Wax deposition is an intractable flow assurance challenge for the petroleum industry. For wax remediation, varieties of approaches have been proposed and mechanical pigging ranks among the most widely used ones. To lower the risk of pig stalling and improve the cleaning efficacy in pigging, this work uses superparamagnetic nanoparticle (SPM-NP) heating to soften the wax layer. It involves installing a magnetic field induction coil on conventional pig and coating a nanopaint on the inner wall of the pipe. The SPM-NP pigging system is actually a combination of mechanical pigging and thermal management. The yield stress of the prepared wax samples was experimentally determined to be binomially correlated to temperature. The COMSOL software was used to simulate the temperature field. A methodology to estimate the wax resistive force in pigging was proposed. It was found that the SPM-NP pigging system decreases wax resistive force by up to 20–40% in the given cases, which effectively lowers the risk of pig stalling accident. Multiple factors affecting wax resistive force were also investigated. Compared with wax melting formula, the softening approach dramatically slashes the required current intensity to a realizable level for field pigging operations. It could be a promising alternative for conventional pigging in wax remediation and hydrate prevention for offshore pipelines and production tubings.
Trends and Characteristics of Tai Chi and Qi Gong Use among U.S. Adults: Results from the 2007-2017 NHIS
Authors: Wang Claudia (Chunyun) , Dai Jingang , Li Kaigang , Gaylord Susan , Liu Yang
Published: February 2022

Background
Emerging evidence from clinical studies suggests that Tai Chi and Qi Gong (TCQ) are beneficial for various health issues among a wide range of population. However, little is known about the trends and characteristics of TCQ use within the past decades at the national level. The purpose of this study was to provide updated information about the prevalence, patterns, and predicting factors of TCQ use among U.S. adults, to better inform the future directions of TCQ application and research.
Methods
Using the 2007, 2012, and 2017 National Health Interview Survey, we examined the trends and characteristics of TCQ use by descriptive analysis, Wald F chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression models among U.S. adults (n=85,360), adjusting for the complex sampling design.
Results
The use of TCQ has significantly increased 64% among U.S. adults from 2007 to 2017 (p < 0.0001), predictors of TCQ use are older adults, Asians, having higher education level, having lower income, and being more physically active (p < 0.001). The greater rates of TCQ use in 2017 than in 2012 occurred in some vulnerable demographic subgroups, including older adults ( ≥ 65 years old), people with income less than $34,000/year, and being physical inactive. Those having delayed access to the conventional medical care system were more likely to use TCQ as well (p<0.001).
Conclusions
The use of TCQ has significantly increased among U.S. adults from 2007 to 2017. The increasing use of TCQ may be due to the increased aging of the population, the visibility of TCQ among popular media, and the lay-pressed scientific reports about the benefits that TCQ may offer. Given that the greatest increases in use of TCQ were among older adults, females, low-income individuals, and people who were physically inactive, TCQ may serve as age-appropriate, cost-effective, mind-body exercises to help ameliorate health disparities among socioeconomically vulnerable populations in the U.S. Future studies are warranted to explore the effective ways to incorporate TCQ as holistic healing therapies into the current health care system, increase access and to reduce health disparities.
Construction of a Predictive Model of Respiratory Endoscopic Intervention in Children with Lobar Pneumonia Caused by Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection
Authors: chen zhengrong , zhang jiahui , ma yu , sun zhichao , wang ting , yan yongdong , huang li
Published: February 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the clinical features of children with lobar pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection, to provide a prognostic evaluation of interventional bronchoscopy, and to explore the independent risk factors for bronchoscopic intervention in children with lobar pneumonia caused by MP infection. We also aimed to construct an early-warning model of bronchoscopic intervention, so as to provide an objective evaluation tool for clinicians.Methods: We collected the clinical data from 533 children with lobar pneumonia caused by MP infection. The patients were divided into three groups according to the interventional indications for bronchoscopy and whether they were treated with bronchoscopic intervention, and the clinical features and prognosis of the three groups were compared. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed on the indicators with a significance value of P < 0.05, which we retrieved from the comparative analysis between the first two groups, in order to uncover the independent risk factors and regression equations concerning bronchoscopic intervention. The regression coefficient (β) of our regression model was then used to score related values in the model so as to construct a predictive scoring model of bronchoscopic intervention for the treatment of children with lobar pneumonia caused by MP infection.Results: Children with lobar pneumonia caused by MP infection who demonstrated absolute indications for bronchoscopy exhibited more severe clinical manifestations, and children without absolute indications for bronchoscopy achieved a better prognosis even without bronchoscopic intervention. To establish our early-warning model of bronchoscopic intervention for children with lobar pneumonia caused by MP infection, we utilized the following indices: a C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 20.94 mg/L (β1 = 2.253) received 3 points; a fever duration before bronchoscopy ≥ 6.5 d (β2 = 1.424), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥ 461.5 U/L (β3 = 1.246), or fever (β4 = 1.223), each received 2 points; and if complicated by pleural effusion (β5 = 0.841), 1 point, for a total score of 10 points.