bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Halilsarpite, a new arsenate analogue of walentaite, from the Oumlil mine, Bou Azzer district, Morocco
Authors: Husdal Tomas , Grey Ian E. , Friis Henrik , Dal Bo Fabrice , Kampf Anthony R. , MacRae Colin M. , Mumme W. Gus , Ljøstad Ole-Thorstein , Shanks Finlay
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Halilsarpite, [Mg(H2O)6][CaAs23+(Fe2.673+Mo0.336+)(AsO4)2O7],
is a new secondary mixed arsenate/arsenite mineral from the Oumlil mine, Bou
Azzer district, Morocco. It forms lemon-yellow spherules, about 0.1 mm in
diameter, composed of platelets, some tens of micrometres in diameter but only 1–2 µm thick. The platelets are flattened on {100} and exhibit perfect cleavage on {100}. The calculated density is 2.89 g cm−3.
Optically, halilsarpite is biaxial (−), with α=1.646(calc),
β=1.765(5), γ=1.815(5) (white light), and 2V (meas.) = 62(1)∘. The partial orientation is X=a. Dispersion is weak with r<v, and pleochroism is in shades of yellow, X<Y≈Z. Electron microprobe analyses coupled with crystal-structure
refinement results give the empirical formula
[(Mg0.42Ca0.19Fe0.113+ □0.28)Σ1.00 (H2O)6][((Ca0.5Mg0.2Na0.11□0.14)Σ0.95 (As3+)2.05)∑3.00(Fe2.443+ Mo0.566+)Σ3.00 ((As0.9855+P0.0155+)Σ1.00O4)2O6.9(OH)0.1]. Halilsarpite is orthorhombic,
Imma, with a=26.4890(10), b=7.4205(3), c=10.4378(4) Å, V=2051.67(14) Å3, and Z=4. The structure was solved and refined
using single-crystal X-ray data to wRobs=0.046 for 1402 unique
reflections to a resolution of 0.75 Å. Halilsarpite is isostructural
with walentaite and natrowalentaite, which have structures based on
heteropolyhedral layers of configuration
[M1(M2)2(TO4)2(O,OH)6] with surface-attached
As3+O3 groups and Ca and Na cations, and with interlayer hydrated
cations and H2O molecules. The octahedrally coordinated sites M1 and M2 are occupied by Fe3+ in walentaite, while M2 = Fe0.673+W0.336+ in natrowalentaite. Walentaite and
natrowalentaite are phosphates, with T=P5+. Halilsarpite differs
from these minerals in having T=As5+ and in having partial
replacement of Fe3+ by Mo6+ in the M2-centred octahedra.
Spatial radionuclide deposition data from the 60 km area around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant: results from a sampling survey in 1987
Authors: Kashparov Valery , Levchuk Sviatoslav , Zhurba Marina , Protsak Valentyn , Beresford Nicholas A. , Chaplow Jacqueline S.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The dataset “Spatial radionuclide deposition data from the 60 km area around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant: results from a sampling survey in 1987” is the latest in a series of data to be published by the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) describing samples collected and analysed following the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986. The data result from a survey carried out by the Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology (UIAR) in April and May 1987 and include information on sample sites, dose rate, radionuclide (zirconium-95, niobium-95, ruthenium-106, caesium-134, caesium-137 and cerium-144) deposition, and exchangeable caesium-134 and 137. The purpose of this paper is to describe the available data and methodology used to obtain them. The data will be useful in the reconstruction of doses to human and wildlife populations, answering the current lack of scientific consensus on the effects of radiation on wildlife in the Chernobyl Exclusion zone and in evaluating future management options for Chernobyl impacted area of Ukraine and Belarus. The data and supporting documentation are freely available from the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) under the terms and conditions of the Open Government Licence (Kashparov et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.5285/a408ac9d-763e-4f4c-ba72-73bc2d1f596d).
A digital archive of human activity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
Authors: Howkins Adrian , Chignell Stephen M. , Gullett Poppie , Fountain Andrew G. , Brett Melissa , Preciado Evelin
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Over the last half century, the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of East Antarctica have become a globally important site for scientific research and environmental monitoring. Historical data can make important contributions to current research activities and environmental management in Antarctica, but tend to be widely scattered and difficult to access. We address this need in the MDV by compiling over 5,000 historical photographs, sketches, maps, oral interviews, publications, and other archival resources into an online digital archive. The data have been digitized and georeferenced using a standardized metadata structure, which enables intuitive searches and data discovery via an online interface. The ultimate aim of the archive is to create as comprehensive as possible a record of human activity in the MDV to support ongoing research, management, and conservation efforts. This is a valuable tool for scientists seeking to understand the dynamics of change in lakes, glaciers, and other physical systems, as well as humanistic inquiry into the history of the Southern Continent. In addition to providing benchmarks for understanding change over time, the data can help target field sampling for studies working under the assumption of a pristine landscape by enabling researchers to identify the date and extent of past human activities. The full database is accessible via a web browser-based interface hosted by the McMurdo Long Term Ecological Research site: http://mcmurdohistory.lternet.edu/ and the raw data are available at the Environmental Data Initiative https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/6744cb28a544fda827805db123d36557 (Howkins et al., 2019).
Vapor plumes in a tropical wet forest: spotting the invisible evaporation
Authors: Jiménez-Rodríguez César Dionisio , Coenders-Gerrits Miriam , Schilperoort Bart , González-Angarita Adriana , Savenije Hubert
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Forest evaporation exports a vast amount of water vapor from land ecosystems into the atmosphere. Meanwhile, evaporation during rain events is neglected or considered of minor importance in dense ecosystems. Air convection moves the water vapor upwards leading the formation of large invisible vapor plumes, while the identification of visible vapor plumes has not been studied yet. This work describes the formation process of vapor plumes in a tropical wet forest as evidence of evaporation processes happening during rain events. In the dry season of 2018 at La Selva Biological Station (LSBS) in Costa Rica it was possible to spot visible vapor plumes within the forest canopy. The combination of time-lapse videos at the canopy top with meteorological measurements along the canopy profile allowed to identify the conditions required for this process to happen. This phenomenon happened only during rain events, where evaporation measurements showed contributions of 1.8 mm d−1. Visible vapor plumes during day time occurred on the presence of precipitation (P), air convection identified by the temperature gradient (Δϴv / Δz) at 2 m height, and a lifting condensation level at 43 m height (Zlcl.43) smaller than 100 m.
Natural hazard impacts on transport infrastructure in Russia
Authors: Petrova Elena
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Transport infrastructure is considered as a large and complex technological system including railway and bus stations; tunnels, overpasses, and bridges; sea- and river ports; airports; roads, railways, and waterways, as well as other structures, buildings and equipment ensuring the functioning of transport. Almost all of the transport infrastructure facilities are exposed to natural hazard impacts of different genesis. Such impacts pose a threat to transport safety and reliability, trigger accidents and failures, cause traffic disruptions and delays in delivery of passengers and goods. Under conditions of climate changes, these harmful impacts with negative consequences will increase. The transport infrastructure of Russia is exposed to multiple impacts of various natural hazards and adverse weather phenomena such as heavy rains and snowfalls, river floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, debris flows, snow avalanches; rock falls, icing conditions of roads, and others. The paper considers impacts of hazardous natural processes and phenomena on transport within the area of Russia. Using the information of the author’s database, contributions of natural factors to road, railway, air, and water transport accidents and failures are assessed. The total risk of transport accidents and traffic disruptions by adverse and hazardous natural impacts is assessed at the level of Russian federal regions.
Photoproduction of nitric oxide in seawater
Authors: Tian Ye , Yang Gui-Peng , Liu Chun-Ying , Li Pei-Feng , Chen Hong-Tao , Bange Hermann W.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived intermediate of the
oceanic nitrogen cycle. However, our knowledge about its production and
consumption pathways in oceanic environments is rudimentary. In order to
decipher the major factors affecting NO photochemical production, we
irradiated several artificial seawater samples as well as 31 natural surface
seawater samples in laboratory experiments. The seawater samples were
collected during a cruise to the western tropical North Pacific Ocean (WTNP,
a N–S section from 36 to 2∘ N along 146 to 143∘ E with 6 and 12 stations, respectively, and a W–E section
from 137 to 161∘ E along the Equator with 13 stations)
from November 2015 to January 2016. NO photoproduction rates from dissolved
nitrite in artificial seawater showed increasing trends with decreasing pH,
increasing temperature, and increasing salinity. In contrast, NO
photoproduction rates (average: 0.5±0.2×10-12 mol L−1 s−1) in the natural seawater samples from the WTNP did not
show any correlations with pH, water temperature, salinity, or
dissolved inorganic nitrite concentrations. The flux induced by NO
photoproduction in the WTNP (average: 13×10-12 mol m−2 s−1) was significantly larger than the NO air–sea flux density
(average: 1.8×10-12 mol m−2 s−1), indicating a
further NO loss process in the surface layer.
Getulya et le voyage de la vie
Authors: Bencherif Ahmed
Published: January 2020

Ahmed Bencherif nous offre le premier chapitre de la continuation du roman pour enfants, Gétuliya et le voyage de la mort, et la variante et continuation des quatre premiers paragraphes accessibles à http://ronsard.e-monsite.com/pages/mes-ouvrages/getulya-et-le-voyage-de-la-vie-ahmed-bencherif.html
Yann Robert, Dramatic Justice. Trial by Theater in the Age of the French Revolution (Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 2019)
Authors: Woodward Servanne
Published: January 2020

Yann Robert identifies unfair and dangerous smearing campaigns as a preoccupation with the ethics of administrating justice in public versus secretly, as he pursues a relatively new trend of study between law and literature in Dramatic Justice. In this insightful volume, Robert evaluates what the legal system owes to the stage and vice versa, at a time when preoccupations with public judgment meets with an attempt to form a democracy to replace a monarchy.
From Risorgimento and Reform to Wesley and Revival: Methodist Strategies in Post-Unitary Italy, 1861–1890
Authors: Annese Andrea
Published: January 2020

The first officially appointed Methodist missionaries arrived in Italy in the context of Risorgimento's completion, from 1861. Their strategies developed from the attempt to support the cause for a unified Italian Protestant Church to the ‘denominational turn’, which resulted in the establishment of two Italian Methodist Churches. Publications played a pivotal role: both the Wesleyans and the Episcopal Methodists spread information about Methodist history and doctrines through specific books, translations of John Wesley's works, the Doctrines and Discipline, and magazines. Contrary to what has often been argued, nineteenth-century Italian Methodism—far from dealing just with practical issues and social work—had a significant interest for Wesley's theology and the Evangelical Revival.
Conclusion
Authors: Seitler Dana
Published: January 2020

How should we think about the link between aesthetics and politics in the twenty-first century? Has the conjunction that seemed so forcefully to tie aesthetics, culture, and politics together over the past two centuries dissolved due to neoliberal changes in social life and the processes of advanced global capitalism? The idea that cultural forms and practices are a site at which political realities, hopes, challenges, and anxieties are not merely expressed (whether directly or symptomatically) but constitute a space in which politics are engendered has informed my treatment of art and culture and their social function throughout this study, but not only mine. Starting with the formulation of the connection between the beautiful and freedom in ...
Introduction
Authors: Wills David
Published: January 2020

I happen to begin writing this introduction on April 29, 2015. It is an everyday on planet Earth. From Indonesia comes news of eight convicted drug smugglers—two Australians, a Brazilian, an Indonesian, and four Nigerians—executed by firing squad. In the United States, the defense continues its argument against a death sentence for Boston marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, in response to the federal Justice Department’s impassioned plea for just such a sentence. In Washington, as the Supreme Court hears arguments for and against Oklahoma’s single-drug (midazolam) protocol in ...
Reoccupy Earth
Authors: Wood David
Published: January 2020

Habit rules our lives. And yet climate change and the catastrophic future it portends, makes it clear that we cannot go on like this. Our habits are integral to narratives of the good life, to social norms and expectations, as well as to economic reality. Such shared shapes are vital. Yet while many of our individual habits seem perfectly reasonable, when aggregated together they spell disaster. Beyond consumerism, other forms of life and patterns of dwelling are clearly possible. But how can we get there from here? This book shows how an approach to philosophy attuned to our ecological existence can suspend the taken-for-granted and open up alternative forms of earthly dwelling. Sharing the earth, as we do, raises fundamental questions. Deconstruction exposes all manner of exclusion, violence to the other, and silent subordination. Phenomenology and Whitehead's process philosophy offer further resources for an ecological imagination. The book plots experiential pathways that disrupt our habitual existence and challenge our everyday complacency. It shows how living responsibly with the earth means affirming the ways in which we are vulnerable, receptive, and dependent, and the need for solidarity all round. If we take seriously values like truth, justice, and compassion we must be willing to contemplate that the threat we pose to the earth might demand our own species' demise. Yet we have the capacity to live responsibly. In an unfashionable but spirited defense of an enlightened anthropocentrism, the book argues that to deserve the privileges of Reason we must demonstrably deploy it through collective sustainable agency. Only in this way can we reinhabit the earth.
Introduction
Authors: Goodrich Peter , Rosenfeld Michel
Published: January 2020

Interpretation, according to Giambattista Vico, has its etymological roots in interpatrari, in mingling with or entering the discourse of the fathers. While the etymology is dubious, the concept is peculiarly applicable to legal interpretation, where the search for authority, for prior and precedent determinations, whether contained in a code or in judicial decisions, plays an inordinate role in the elaboration of meaning and the deciding of disputes. Whatever jurisdiction is in play, the assumption that underpins the task of interpreting legal texts is that there is an authority which will dictate and delimit the choice of the decision maker and ideally will stipulate a certain, which is to say indisputable, outcome. The conflict of legal interpretations is confined historically to disputes within an established corpus of authoritative texts within a monotheistic tradition of truth and in its corresponding juristic form of verdict, or statement of the truth....
The Mathematical Imagination
Authors: Handelman Matthew
Published: January 2020

The Mathematical Imagination is an archaeology of the undeveloped potential of mathematics for critical theory. As Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno first conceived of the critical project in the 1930s, critical theory steadfastly opposed the mathematization of thought. Mathematics flattened thought into a dangerous positivism that led reason to the barbarism of the Second World War. The Mathematical Imagination challenges this narrative and argues that it has obscured how mathematics provided three lesser-known German-Jewish thinkers—Gershom Scholem, Franz Rosenzweig, and Siegfried Kracauer—with metaphors to negotiate the crises of modernity during the Weimar Republic. Their theories of poetry, messianism, and cultural critique borrowed ideas from the philosophy of mathematics, infinitesimal calculus, and geometry in order to refashion cultural and aesthetic discourse. Drawn to the austerity and muteness of mathematics, these friends and forerunners of the Frankfurt School found in mathematical approaches to negativity strategies to capture the marginalized experiences and perspectives of Jews in Germany. This vocabulary, in which theory could be both mathematical and critical, is missing in the intellectual history of critical theory—from the work of second-generation critical theorists such as Jürgen Habermas to contemporary critiques of technology. Building on the work of Martin Jay and Susan Buck-Morss, The Mathematical Imagination shows how Scholem, Rosenzweig, and Kracauer’s engagement with mathematics uncovers a more capacious vision of the critical project, one with tools that can help us confront and intervene in our digital, and increasingly mathematical, present.
The Modes of Being of Vitality
Authors: Plessner Helmuth , Bernstein J. M.
Published: January 2020

This chapter analyzes the phenomenological structure of organism-environment relations characteristic of living things, or “positionality,” to draw out and explain a set of features exhibited wherever there is organic life. These features, called the “organic modals,” include the fact that living things exist as a process; are necessarily of a certain “type,” yet are individuals; and exhibit development, aging, and death; the seeming balance of each living being; the systematic interrelations of a lifeform’s parts and its behaviors; the phenomenon of organs; and the applicability of spatial and temporal concepts in the description of organisms and their activities. Each of these modals is described and analyzed through the concept of positionality. The analysis relies on characteristics of the boundary, as well as relations between the body and its surroundings. This chapter integrates phenomenology and biology in a study of living things.
The Sphere of the Animal
Authors: Plessner Helmuth , Bernstein J. M.
Published: January 2020

This chapter analyzes the phenomenological structure of body-environment relations (“positionality”) characteristic of animals, noting the ways this differs from plants. The phenomenon of frontality (that is, an orientation toward the future) is a characteristic of animal positionality. Animals live both as physical bodies and as lived bodies. Relatively decentralized forms of animal positionality are described, as well as more centralized ones. This distinction corresponds to that between “lower” and “higher” animals and is symptomized by gradations in the complexity of animal nervous systems. Capacities for response to the world as objective, as well as for consciousness, intelligence, and memory, are linked to an animal’s degree of centralization. The chapter integrates phenomenology and biology in a study of the animal mode of being.
Buried Possibility
Authors: Richter Gerhard
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores instances of the uncoercive gaze in Adorno’s thinking of tradition in relation to that of his allegedly antipodal contemporary, Hannah Arendt. Adorno’s and Arendt’s respective thinking of the difficult concept of tradition is itself in constant dialogue with that of Benjamin, a mutual friend over whose intellectual legacy the two would often quarrel. But rather than follow the tradition of much of the existing scholarship by merely positing Benjamin as the point of division between the irreconcilable projects of Adorno and Arendt, for all their differences, the two also interconnected in that both of their reflections on the concept of tradition powerfully engage with Benjamin’s thinking of this problem. Especially in Adorno’s often-overlooked 1966 essay “On Tradition” and in Arendt’s Between Past and Future, their two conceptions of thinking tradition crystallize into conceptual rigor. While Adorno develops a concept of tradition that affirms the critical potential of the traditional by dismantling it through the movement of a dialectical negativity, Arendt engages tradition by examining experiential gaps in our thinking of temporality. The two ways of conceptualizing tradition, each in their unique way, both hinge on the aporetic structure that powerfully traverses any thinking of tradition in modernity.
A Kind of Leave-Taking
Authors: Richter Gerhard
Published: January 2020

The conclusion revists major results of the study and ties Adorno’s concept of the uncoercive gaze to the question of writing as “leave-taking.”
Introduction
Authors: Rottenberg Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

For the Love of Psychoanalysis: The Play of Chance in Freud and Derrida is about the historic coupling of Freud and Derrida. With different emphases, both parts of this book are called “Freuderrida.” Freud and Derrida are thus bonded, this introduction claims, in life and letter(s). Freud is, for Derrida, along with Heidegger, one of the “two great ghosts of the ‘great epoch.’” But the reverse is also true: Derrida’s work has utterly transformed the way we read Freud today.
Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience
Authors: Rottenberg Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

This chapter addresses the question of spacial unlocatability in trauma. To what extent, this chapter asks, does the drive to reconcile psychoanalysis with neuroscience risk participating in a movement of appropriation, an attempt to reduce the event of psychoanalysis? This chapter shows how the neuro-psychoanalytic attempt to locate a psychoanalytic understanding of the mind in the brain does not end up correlating psychoanalysis with neuroscience. Rather it points to another, less conciliatory model for their relationship. In psychoanalysis, neurology encounters a Fremdkörper (foreign body), something unassimilable to its inside, something forever inside-outside any neurological theory of trauma. This Fremdkörper prevents neurology from reducing neurological traumas to mere cerebral laws; it is what makes every neurological trauma traumatic in its own way.
The Speculative Turn
Authors: Rottenberg Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

This chapter argues that Sigmund Freud’s 1920 text Beyond the Pleasure Principle marks a watershed in the history of psychoanalysis. Freud not only speculates in this text, he also speculates in a way that is far-reaching and far-ranging: his speculation takes him back to the origin of consciousness and the beginning of life. But what does it mean, this chapter asks, for Freud’s speculation to culminate in the hypothesis of a death or destructive drive? Indeed, what does it mean for Freud’s hypothesis of the repetition compulsion and the death drive to breathe new life into psychoanalytic theory? It is here, this chapter argues, that we must take Freud’s speculative play seriously and rethink not only psychoanalysis’s relation to philosophy (i.e., speculation) but also its relation to Plato. For Plato, more than any other philosopher in Freud’s work, plays a vital—literally a life-and-death—role in Freud’s theory of the drives.
The “Question” of the Death Penalty
Authors: Rottenberg Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

This chapter addresses the “question” of the death penalty in Jacques Derrida’s The Death Penalty seminars: the question of the death penalty, if there is one, that is. For nothing is less certain. Not only must we speak of a proliferation of questions in both seminars, but we must also speak of Derrida’s question about the question. How do the possibility and the reality of the death penalty, how does the question of the death penalty, force us to ask a question not only about what comes before the question but also about the future of the question—that is, about the future of reason, the principle of reason, and what is proper to man? In order to answer this question, this chapter turns to a “disseminal moment” in literature: the eccentric Mr. Dick (in Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield) who literally suspends the question of the death penalty on the wings of a kite.
Stable Transformation
Authors: Gray Mark M.
Published: January 2020

Utilizing data from the Center for Applied Research in the Apostolate (CARA) of Georgetown University, this chapter explores the core and periphery within Catholic parishes over the past forty-plus years. Trend data reveal that many Catholics do not attend or participate in parishes at all, while others at the “core” are highly involved. This chapter traces meaningful differences between periphery and core Catholics and highlights how the core has diminished and the periphery has grown over time. While the Catholic Church maintains its steady share of the population through immigration, reverts, and smaller numbers of adult converts, it maintains this stability with smaller and smaller shares of the Catholic population intensely connected to parish life.
Colonizing Christianity
Authors: Demacopoulos George E.
Published: January 2020

This book employs postcolonial critique to analyze the transformations of Greek and Latin religious identity in the wake of the Fourth Crusade. Through close readings of texts from the period of Latin occupation, the book argues that the experience of colonization splintered the Greek community over how best to respond to the Latin other while illuminating the mechanisms by which Western Christians authorized and exploited the Christian East. The experience of colonial subjugation opened permanent fissures within the Orthodox community, which struggled to develop a consistent response to aggressive demands for submission to the Roman Church. This internal fracturing has done more lasting damage to the modern Orthodox Church than any material act perpetrated by the crusaders. Ultimately, the statements of Greek and Latin religious polemic that emerged in the context of the Fourth Crusade should be interpreted as having been produced in a colonial setting and, as such, reveal more about the political, economic, and cultural uncertainty of communities in conflict than they offer genuine theological insight.
The Phenomenology of Time Following Husserl
Authors: Held Klaus
Published: January 2020

Phenomenology is concerned not only with the study of the intentional correlation but also the structures of intentional subjectivity, the most important of which for Husserl is the nontemporal structure of the living present that underlies the temporalization of the subject’s experiences (and of objective time). This chapter considers Husserl’s account of the consciousness of inner time in order to provide a critique of Husserl’s discussions of the temporality of the phenomenal field. Focusing on the latter allows one to articulate more clearly both the structure of time as the dimensional character of the phenomenal field and the manner in which transcendent objects and their temporality are disclosed within the phenomenal field.
Phenomenological Concepts of Untruth in Husserl and Heidegger
Authors: Bernet Rudolf
Published: January 2020

This chapter indirectly clarifies the notion of truth by examining the concept of “true untruth” (as opposed to falsity) found in Heidegger. The guiding idea for the concept of true untruth is Husserl’s discussion of how empty intentions can involve truth as agreement with reality yet fall short of truth in the sense of an evidenced or fulfilled intention. It is the latter notion that is the fundamental sense of truth. Hence, the empty intention is “untrue” in the sense that it lacks evidence, although it can be true in the sense of agreement; it is a “true untruth” as opposed to false. Heidegger in Being and Time presents a similar account, although his account of untruth appeals, by contrast, to a comportment of Dasein that at once discloses and closes off the thing’s uncovering such that the thing appears with a sheen of superficial evidence. Bernet argues further that the later Heidegger shifts the center of the account of true untruth from Dasein’s comportment to the event of unconcealment, the “letting things be,” and Dasein’s free openness to this event.
Husserl’s Phenomenology of the Monad: Remarks on Husserl’s Confrontation with Leibniz
Authors: Mertens Karl
Published: January 2020

This chapter argues that the differences between Husserl’s account of intersubjectivity and Leibniz’s monadology are serious enough to defeat any attempt to construct a phenomenological monadology. Monadological thinking cannot solve the phenomenological problem of intersubjectivity, and phenomenological thinking cannot yield a properly metaphysical monadology, for there can be no phenomenological grounding for the idea of a monad determined by a complete concept. From the phenomenological perspective, a subject’s experience of the world is always limited and incomplete. The chapter argues, furthermore, that Husserl’s attempt at a monadology reveals the weakness in the phenomenological account of intersubjectivity, for by starting with a subject’s limited experience, phenomenology cannot account for the communalization that is presupposed in the recognition that an individual’s experience is limited.
Sleights of Hand, Black Skin, and the Redemption of Curzio Malaparte’s La pelle
Authors: Escolar Marisa
Published: January 2020

This chapter analyzes Curzio Malaparte’s La pelle (1949; The Skin), a graphic depiction of the interracial, sexual encounter between the hypersexual Buffalo soldiers and the local prostitutes on the streets of Naples. Interspersed within these spectacles, La pelle evokes the Franco-Moroccan goumiers—the accused perpetrators of mass rape after their victory at the battle of Monte Cassino. Using the historical referent to inform the allegorical reading of the “colored” soldier as “other” and “penetration” as a metaphor for the failure of redemption, this chapter argues that the racialized soldier opens redemption beyond the U.S.–Italian encounter. As the title shouts, “skin” is a major concern, yet the question of “saving one’s skin” shifts attention away from the way in which black-skinned figures insert Italians and Allies into a global network that undermines neat moral distinctions. These interracial, sexual encounters evoke the war’s interrelated colonial conflicts and the misogynist, racist logic that sustains both.
Comparative Theology, Comparative Wisdom, and Covenantal Logic
Authors: Rashkover Randi
Published: January 2020

Rashkover explores the encounter between Frank Clooney’s approach to comparative theology and Barth’s confessional theology with an eye to their implications for Jewish-Christian relations. Building on her work in Freedom and Law: A Jewish-Christian Apologetics, she offers appreciation for Barth’s confessional approach, which in theory permits the possibility of revelatory encounter beyond the Christian community because of God’s freedom coupled with the lawful limit of that freedom. However, she argues, Barth’s critical theology needs a “covenantal repair,” a theological supplement that pays closer attention to the positive role of sanctification through the community’s living apprehension of the Word in time. This “repair” is needed not only for Christians, but for Christian-Jewish comparative exchange, so that both communities can describe how a claim about God’s revelation makes sense in divine-human conversation. She finds resources for this repair in the work of Robert Jenson, with its analysis of the “covenantal character of the Word.” She concludes that this covenantal logic of scripture “renders both Judaism and Christianity viable participants in the adventure of Clooney’s comparative learning.”
Barth and Universal Salvation
Authors: Lai Pan-chiu
Published: January 2020

Pan-chiu Lai takes up the question of universal salvation in Barth, in conversation particularly with Chinese Buddhism, which recognizes a variety of entrances or “dharma-gates” to salvation. After describing several aspects of the universalism of this Mahayana tradition, Lai turns to Barth and notes parallels in his own theology, including the provocative suggestion that what some scholars deem an inconsistency or change in Barth’s position over time may actually be an example of the Buddhist practice of “skillful means,” a change in teaching method in order to address a different concern. Finally, in considering Barth’s doctrine of election, Lai suggests that “Barth’s universalism is more fundamental to his own position, while his denial of universalism is merely his own skillful means which is made for the benefit of his audience.” Even so, from a Mahayana perspective Lai offers specific critiques of Barth’s “implicit universalism.”
Response to Part V
Authors: Wariboko Nimi
Published: January 2020

Nimi Wariboko affirms Ezigbo and Hartman for their pioneering efforts in drawing Barth into conversation with African religious traditions, even as he cautions against their emphasis on common ground rather than genuine difference. He concludes with a question that ought to occupy all scholars engaged in comparative work between such different traditions: how to compare text-based discourse with “fragments of social life”?
Single cell protein production by Wickerhamomyces anomalus CCC32 using crude glycerol
Authors: Silva Jucilene Pinto da , Da Silva Gervásio Paulo da , Azevedo Neto André Dias de , Cazetta Marcia Luciana
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de proteína microbiana, ou proteína unicelular, por cinco leveduras utilizando glicerol bruto como fonte de carbono, selecionar a cepa mais promissora e otimizar a produção de biomassa e proteína bruta por meio de delineamento composto central rotacional (DCCR). Wickerhamomyces anomalus CCC32 foi a cepa mais promissora para a produção de SCP, com produção de cerca de 20 g L?1 de biomassa e concentração de proteína bruta de 33% após 84 h fermentação, utilizando 25 g L?1 de glicerol bruto, 3,5 g/ L?1 de NaNO3 e 6,5 g L?1 de ureia, a 30 ?C e 150 rpm. O glicerol bruto mostrou-se uma excelente opção de substrato para a produção de SCP, sendo uma alternativa para agregar valor a esse resíduo. W. anomalus CCC32 apresentou características favoráveis à produção de SCP como crescimento rápido e produção de biomassa com elevado teor de proteína bruta.
The Singapore International Commercial Court: The Future of Litigation?
Authors: Yip Man
Published: January 2020

The Singapore International Commercial Court: The Future of Litigation?

The Singapore International Commercial Court (‘SICC’) was launched on 5 January 2015, at the Opening of Legal Year held at the Singapore Supreme Court. What prompted the creation of SICC? How is the SICC model of litigation different from litigation in the Singapore High Court? What is the SICC’s track record and what does it tell us about its future? This article seeks to answer these questions at greater depth than existing literature. Importantly, it examines these questions from the angle of reimagining access of justice for litigants embroiled in international commercial disputes. It argues that the SICC’s enduring contribution to improving access to justice is that it helps to change our frame of reference for international commercial litigation. Hybridisation, internationalisation, and party autonomy, the underpinning values of the SICC, are likely to be the values of the future of dispute resolution. International commercial dispute resolution frameworks – typically litigation frameworks – that unduly emphasise national boundaries and formalities need not and should not be the norm. Crucially, the SICC co-opts a refreshing public-private perspective to the resolution of international commercial disputes. It illuminates on the public interest element of the resolution of such disputes which have for some time fallen into the domain of international commercial arbitration; at the same time, it introduces greater scope for self-determination in international commercial litigation.
Chambers for International Commercial Disputes in Germany: The State of Affairs
Authors: Hess Burkhard , Boerner Timon
Published: January 2020

Chambers for International Commercial Disputes in Germany: The State of Affairs

The prospect of attracting foreign commercial litigants to German courts in the wake of Brexit has led to a renaissance of English-language commercial litigation in Germany. Leading the way is the Frankfurt District Court, where – as part of the ‘Justizinitiative Frankfurt’ – a new specialised Chamber for International Commercial Disputes has been established. Frankfurt’s prominent position in the financial sector and its internationally oriented bar support this decision. Borrowing best practices from patent litigation and arbitration, the Chamber offers streamlined and litigant-focused proceedings, with English-language oral hearings, within the current legal framework of the German Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO).Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO).

However, to enable the complete litigation process – including the judgment – to proceed in English requires changes to the German Courts Constitution ActGerichtsverfassungsgesetz (GVG). (GVG). A legislative initiative in the Bundesrat aims to establish a suitable legal framework by abolishing the mandatory use of German as the language of proceedings. Whereas previous attempts at such comprehensive amendments achieved only limited success, support by several major federal states indicates that this time the proposal will succeed.

With other English-language commercial court initiatives already established or planned in both other EU Member States and Germany, it is difficult to anticipate whether – and how soon – Frankfurt will succeed in attracting English-speaking foreign litigants. Finally, developments such as the 2018 Initiative for Expedited B2B Procedures of the European Parliament or the ELI–UNIDROIT project on Transnational Principles of Civil Procedure may also shape the long-term playing field.
The Court of the Astana International Financial Center in the Wake of Its Predecessors
Authors: Zambrana-Tévar Nicolás
Published: January 2020

The Court of the Astana International Financial Center in the Wake of Its Predecessors

The Court of the Astana International Financial Center is a new dispute resolution initiative meant to attract investors in much the same way as it has been done in the case of the courts and arbitration mechanisms of similar financial centers in the Persian Gulf. This paper examines such initiatives from a comparative perspective, focusing on their Private International Law aspects such as jurisdiction, applicable law and recognition and enforcement of judgments and arbitration awards. The paper concludes that their success, especially in the case of the younger courts, will depend on the ability to build harmonious relationships with the domestic courts of each host country.
Atypical Manifestations of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: The Diagnostic Challenge for Pulmonologists
Authors: Szymanowska-Narloch Amelia , Gawryluk Dariusz , Błasińska-Przerwa Katarzyna , Siemińska Alicja
Published: January 2020

This is a review considering atypical manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Virtually any organ can be affected, and in some patients, GPA can manifest unusually. Since thoracic involvement of GPA often predominates, the first who might be expected to establish a diagnosis are pulmonary specialists. We would like to familiarize pulmonary specialists with several extra-ELK (E: ear-nose-throat; L: lung; K: kidney) involvements of the disease. We describe sites rarely affected by GPA like the breast, skeletal system, orbit and eye, heart and vessels, central nervous system, urogenital system as well as endocrine and gastrointestinal tract involvement.
Difficulties in Recognizing Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) in Elderly Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Thoracotomy Twice—A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Fijołek Justyna , Wiatr Elżbieta , Gawryluk Dariusz , Langfort Renata , Roszkowski-Śliż Kazimierz
Published: January 2020

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is defined as a necrotizing granulomatous inflammation usually involving the upper and lower respiratory tract with necrotizing vasculitis affecting predominantly small to medium vessels. Because of non-specific symptoms, its radiological presentation, and the diversity of its clinical expression, it is not uncommon to for it to be misdiagnosed, especially in the elderly. Although biopsy and histological examination seem to be essential for GPA diagnosis, their results are sometimes ambiguous and not helpful in making a decision. In this report, we present difficulties in the recognition of GPA in two elderly patients in whom, despite twice performing a diagnostic thoracotomy, GPA was recognized almost 4 and 6 years after the first symptoms.
On Rational Functions Related to Algorithms for a Computation of Roots. I
Authors: Baran Mirosław
Published: January 2020

We discuss a less known but surprising fact: a very old algorithm for computing square root known as the Bhaskara-Brouncker algorithm contains another and faster algorithms. A similar approach was obtained earlier by A.K. Yeyios [8] in 1992. By the way, we shall present a few useful facts as an essential completion of [8]. In particular, we present a direct proof that k-th Yeyios iterative algorithm is of order k. We also observe that Chebyshev polynomials Tn and Un are a special case of a more general construction. The most valuable idea followed this paper is contained in applications of a simple rational function Φ(w; z) = z-w/z+w.
On Rational Functions Related to Algorithms for a Computation of Roots. II
Authors: Baran Mirosław
Published: January 2020

We discuss a nice composition properties related to algorithms for computation of N-roots. Our approach gives direct proof that a version of Newton's iterative algorithm is of order 2. A basic tool used in this note are properties of rational function Φ(w; z) = z-w/(z+w), which was used earlier in [1] in the case of algorithms for computations of square roots.
The standard of living in the powiats of Lubuskie voivodship
Authors: Szaban Dorota
Published: January 2020

The aim of the paper is to measure the standard of living in the powiats of Lubuskie voivodship and to group themaccording to this criterion. The analyses were carried out for the data from 2017 obtained from the Statistical Office in Zielona Góra and the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland. The author used selected indicators describing the standard of living in 10areas that determine the living conditions of communities in the Lubuskie powiats. The standard of living was measured using Hellwig’s synthetic taxonomic measure. The study demonstrated that what distinguished the groups of powiats (extracted by the measure) to the largest extent, were economic factors. Howe-ver, cities with powiat status, where infrastructural, environmental and social factors were more important, proved an exception to this rule.
Factor decompositions of gross value added growth by NACE sections and voivodships
Authors: Kotlewski Dariusz
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that performing gross value added growth decompositions in four variants makes it possible to deepen the observation of eco-nomic processes. These variants have been obtained on the basis of two fundamental dichotomies. The first of them involved performing a decomposition of the gross value add-ed growth into the contributions of production factor remunerations, and, in parallel, a de-composition into the contributions of production factor stocks and total factor productivity (TFP).The second dichotomy involved performing separate but parallel decompositions for employees and for employed persons. The devised methodology made it possible to per-form computations for the years 2001–2015 at the aggregate level, according to NACE sections, according to voivodships and according to both the NACE sections and the voi-vodships. The decompositions were performed basing on Statistics Poland’s data from the Bank of Local Data and the National Accounts. The presented results confirm that perform-ing decompositions according to the two above-mentioned dichotomies makes it possible to deepen the analyses of the economic growth, which is especially important in the regional aspect.
Hybrid self-employment – theoretical and empirical approach
Authors: Skrzek-Lubasińska Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

The main aim of the research presented in this paper is to determine the scale of the phenomenon of hybrid self-employment in Poland in the period of 2013–2017 and its correlation with the economic situation and the labour market indicators. The main research question posed in the paper is whether the number of the hybrid self-employed is falling, e.g. because of the possibility of undertaking a financially-satisfactory paid job, or growing, in periods of the improvement of the economic situation. The paper introduces definitions of the hybrid self-employment concept (otherwise: hybrid entrepreneurship) and its classifications in scientific literature and empirical stud-ies. Data obtained from the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) pertaining to this phenom-enon in the period of 2013–2017 and the dynamics of changes in the number of the hy-brid self-employed are also presented, as well as the research into the correlation of this dynamics with the labour market indicators. The research demonstrates that the number of the hybrid self-employed in Poland is dependent to a larger extent on the labour mar-ket indicators than on the economic situation indicators. This might mean that the majority of the hybrid self-employed treat their business activity (sole proprietorship) as a source of additional income rather than as the development of a company which could become their main professional focus.
Analiza nierówności dochodowych i ubóstwa w Polsce w gospodarstwach domowych z dziećmi
Authors: Jędrzejczak Alina , Pekasiewicz Dorota
Published: January 2020

Celem artykułu jest porównanie nierówności dochodowych i ubóstwa w Polsce w różnych typach gospodarstw domowych wyodrębnionych ze względu na liczbę dzieci w rodzinie oraz analiza zmian jakie zaszły w 2016 roku w porównaniu z latami 2014 i 2015. Rok 2016 był szczególny ze względu na realizację programu „Rodzina 500+”, który wpłynął na wzrost dochodów w niektórych typach rodzin. W analizach wykorzystano dane z badania budżetów gospodarstw domowych prowadzonego przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny. Skoncentrowano się na badaniach nierównomierności rozkładów, analizując także zjawisko ubóstwa w różnych grupach gospodarstw domowych w latach 2014–2016. W tym celu oszacowano współczynniki Giniego i Zengi oraz wskaźniki zróżnicowania skrajnych części rozkładu. Obliczenia wskaźnika zagrożenia ubóstwem, indeksu luki dochodowej oraz kwadratu luki dochodowej pozwoliły wnioskować o zasięgu, głębokości i do-tkliwości ubóstwa. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że w 2016 r. nastąpił spadek nierówności dochodów oraz spadek wskaźników ubóstwa, szczególnie w grupach rodzin wielodzietnych. Był to wynik wzrostu średnich dochodów w tych grupach, zmniejszenia się nierówności wewnątrz grup i spadku dysproporcji pomiędzy grupami gospodarstw domowych.