bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síndrome de Bouveret como variante de íleo biliar
Authors: Londoño-Ruiz Germán D. , Niño-Torres Laura , Guzmán Andrés O. , Buitrago Viviana C.
Published: June 2022

Introducción. El síndrome de Bouveret es una variante del íleo biliar, de rara presentación dentro de las causas de obstrucción intestinal, generada por la impactación de un lito biliar a nivel del duodeno, secundario a la formación de una fístula bilioentérica. Es más común en mujeres en la octava década de la vida, con múltiples comorbilidades. y presenta síntomas inespecíficos, documentándose la triada de Rigler hasta en el 80 % de las tomografías de abdomen. La cirugía sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección.
Caso clínico. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 76 años, con múltiples antecedentes y cuadros previos de cólico biliar, que consultó por dolor abdominal y signos de hemorragia de vías digestivas altas y se documentó un síndrome de Bouveret. Fue tratada en la misma hospitalización mediante extracción quirúrgica del cálculo con posterior resolución de su sintomatología.
Conclusión. A pesar de que el síndrome de Bouveret es una entidad de infrecuente presentación, los cirujanos generales deben estar familiarizados con esta patología, en el contexto del paciente que consulta con un cuadro de obstrucción intestinal, conociendo el valor de la tomografía de abdomen y la endoscopia de vías digestivas altas, teniendo en cuenta la edad y las condiciones del paciente para definir el manejo quirúrgico más adecuado.
Influence of Capital on Firm Value Through Enterprise Risk Management in Banking
Authors:   Muhammadiyah University, Indonesia, Kartikasari Dewi , Ahyani Fatchan , Zulfikar Zulfikar
Published: June 2022

This study aims to prove and analyze empirically how capital affects firm value and interaction that happened between capital and corporate risk management affects firm value. The hypothesis of this study relates to the effect of capital on firm value at banking companies in Indonesia, and the second hypothesis relates to the effect of capital on corporate risk management at banking companies in Indonesia. The results of statistical analysis for testing the fourth hypothesis are obtained that regression coefficient value is -0.079, and t-count value is -1.510 with a significance value is 0.133, which is greater than the error tolerance set at 0.05. It shows that capital does not have significant effect on firm value in banking companies listed on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period. While the results of statistical analysis for testing the ninth hypothesis obtained a regression coefficient value is 0.213 and t-count value is 2,453 with a significance value is 0.016, which is smaller than the error tolerance set at 0.05. It shows that interaction between capital and enterprise risk management has a significant effect on firm value in banking companies listed on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period.
An Online Program to Enhance Teacher Learning to Develop Students' Self-Directed Learning Skills
Authors:   Mahamakut Buddhist University, Thailand, Arnandho Phrapaladlek , Sutheejariyawattana Phrakru
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to create an “An Online Program to Enhance Teacher Learning to Develop Students' Self-Directed Learning Skills” based upon the following concepts: “Develop the teacher so that they will develop their students,” “Successful teachers, successful students,” and “Knowledge is not power; knowledge plus action equals power." This study employed Research and Development (R&D) methodology, and the created online program consisted of the following: 1) a project for Teachers’ learning development with six online sets of instructions, and 2) a project for the Teachers to assist in developing students with one set of online action instructions. The created online program was examined by 25 teachers and 146 students in a randomly selected school, which represented the Pariyattidhamma Schools in the General Education section, which is under the National Office of Buddhism. The results validated the fact that the created online program had been effective. The findings illustrated that the post-development test for teachers had met the standard of the 90/90 criteria, and that the mean score had been statistically significantly higher than before the development. In addition, the students’ mean score on the assessment of the self-directed learning skills after the development had been statistically significantly higher than before the development. This indicated that the created online program could be disseminated for educational use in other Pariyattidhamma schools with a similar target population.
Alpha amylase and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory potential of aqueous extract of Azanza garckeana fruit
Authors: Ahmed Maryam Usman , Ignatus Martha , Yakubu Benjamin , Umaru Isaac John , Muhammad Zuhairah Ismail , Habibu Bilyaminu , Okoli Chikodiri Emmanuel , Yusufu Dawoye
Published: June 2022

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are common diseases affecting a lot of people. Alpha amylase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are used to treat type II diabetes and hypertension respectively. This study investigated the alpha amylase and ACE inhibitory potential of Azanza garckeana fruits. Phytochemical screening, α-amylase and ACE inhibitory potential of the aqueous extract of A. garckeana fruit was determined using standard procedures. The mode of inhibition of α-amylase by A. garckeana fruit was determined from the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, tannins, phenols and terpenoids were present in the aqueous extract of A. garkeana fruit. The percent inhibition of α-amylase  was greater than 50%. The IC50 values were 2.6 ± 0.02 and 0.04 ± 0.09 for the extract and acarbose (standard drug) respectively. The Lineweaver-Burk plot showed that extract Vmax did not change when compared to the no inhibitor (no extract) but the km increased. The percent inhibition of ACE by A. garckeana was also greater than 50%. Its IC50 was 0.625 ± 0.03 while that of the standard drug (captopril) was   0.875 ± 0.07. Thus A. garckeana inhibited  α-amylase and ACE and can be used to treat type II diabetes and hypertension. It is a competitive inhibitor of α-amylase.
Assessment and impact of alien species - Mimosa invisa L. on the biodiversity and pattern of vegetation at Dhoni hills, Western Ghats of Palakkad, Kerala-A case study
Authors: Krishnan Remya , Lawarence Bosco , Murugan K.
Published: June 2022

Mimosa invisa is a widely adapted weed from tropical America that has invaded the Dhoni hills of Palakkad District, Kerala. They were established as monocultures in grasslands, agricultural fields, plantations and forest areas of Palakkad, causing threats to other species. In this juncture, the present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of Mimosa invisa on the natural biodiversity and floristic compositions of native species of Dhoni hills, Palakkad. Vegetation analysis was carried out using random-systematic design and gradient methods, including the importance value index, species richness, dominance index, diversity, similarity and dissimilarity index, using standard protocols, followed by soil parameters such as pH and nutrient content and phenols in the invaded and uninvaded areas. It was noticed that in the Mimosa invaded area, the mean species number and the α diversity declined by 32.10% and 41.21%, respectively. Similarly, fresh and dry plant weight displayed remarkable variation (decreased by 35.9 and 49.9%, respectively) in the intruded zones. Out of 135 species recorded, 63 species were common in the control and intruded zones. Eleven species were growing exclusively in the invaded areas. The total phenolic content was 45%, the ion conductivity was 32%, the % of organic carbon and organic matter was 51%, the nitrogen content was 55.7%, and the phosphorus, potassium and sodium contents were 48, 38.5 and 24.4%, respectively, in the invaded soil compared to the control. Similarly, the calcium, magnesium and chloride contents were increased by 38.4, 30.6 and 33.5% respectively. Hence, it could be concluded that the invasion of M. invisa drastically affected the productivity and diversity of the invaded areas in the Dhoni hills of Palakkad.
Adsorption potential of Euphorbia Hirta’s (leaf and stem) towards methyl red in aqueous systems
Authors: Chukka Venkata Kishore Babu , Kokkiligadda Venkata Ramana , AVVS Swamy , Bollikolla Hari Babu
Published: June 2022

Dyes harm both aquatic species and humans in wastewaters, which are poisonous as well as carcinogenic. For decades, the adsorption system technique has been widely used to take out dyes from aqueous solutions since it is a trouble-free and successful process. The present study investigated the use of Euphorbia hirta’s leaf powder/stem powder/leaf ash/stem ash for the adsorption of methyl red dye (MRD) from aqueous samples for the first time. MRD aqueous solutions (250 ml, 100 ppm) were incubated for the required contact period with 1.2 gm/l of investigated sorbent with agitation at 100 rpm. The temperature and pH remained maintained at 27 degrees Celsius and 4.0, respectively. The residual amounts of MRD were evaluated by spectrophotometrically measuring MRD absorbance at 464.9 nm. The percent MRD clearance using E. hirta’s leaf powder/stem powder/leaf ash/stem ash showed that the optimal condition of MRD clearance happened at pH unit of 4, 100 ppm concentration of MRD, sorbent dose at 1.2 gm/l, ambient temperature, mechanical shaker agitation speed of 100 rpm.  The optimal equilibration time for highest percentile MRD clearance was 125 min (E. hirta leaf powder), 105 min (E. hirta leaf ash powder and E. hirta stem powder) and 90 min (E. hirta stem ash powder).  Negatively charged chemical groups like –COOH, -CHO, -NH, etc. present in the phytochemicals of E. hirta’s leaf and stem binds to positively charged ions in MRD, as a result, adsorption occurs. For its significant biosorption potential and cheap cost, E. hirta’s leaf powder/stempowder/leaf ash/stem ash can be regarded as alternative biomass for removing MRD from the aqueous solution.
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of antimicrobial compounds produced by mahua oil cake against the stem rot pathogen- Sclerotium rolfsii
Authors: M Ayyandurai , R Akila , M L Mini , K Manonmani
Published: June 2022

The antifungal property containing oil cakes play a significant role in reducing plant disease in a wide range of soil-borne pathogens. A destructive soil-borne pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii is infecting a vast range of crops worldwide. In-vitro efficacy of five different oil cakes viz. mahua cake, neem cake, pungam cake, coconut cake and castor cake extracts was tested against the stem rot pathogen of groundnut. Among the five different oil cakes, mahua oil cake extract produced the minimum mycelial growth of 1.57and1.29 cm at 5%, and 10% concentrations, respectively and showed maximum percent growth inhibition of 83.33and 86.66% respectively. Bioactive compounds in mahua oil cake were analyzed through GC-MS. From the result of GC-MS, the high retention time and peak area percentage were observed with major important bioactive compounds like n-Hexadecanoic acid (24.968) (12.22), Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (23.655) (2.9), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-(28.659)(35.61), 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E)-(28.786) (13.15), Octadecanoic acid (29.137) (33.59) and a1-Octyn-3-ol (3.023) (0.04).The bioactive compounds identified through GC-MS from mahua oil cake extract were found to be exhibiting antifungal activity against S. rolfsii.
Effects of early spontaneous abortions (ESA) and latent toxoplasmosis on Interleukine-23 in women
Authors: Mahdi Rasha Kadhim , Abbas Eman Fadhel , Al-hassnawi Alaa Tareq Shakir
Published: June 2022

Cytokines play an important role in intercellular communications, cell growth, differentiation, and immune system modulations. Some of these functions have crucial roles in pregnancy gaining or losing, especially those correlated with T helper 1, T helper 2, and T helper 17 cells. Several studies showed significant variations in Interleukine-23 (IL-23) with Toxoplasma infection. However, little is known about the regulations of this interleukin in the case of early spontaneous abortion (ESA) patients. The present study aimed to evaluate IL-23 to explain the effect of this cytokine on pregnancy gaining or losing with and without toxoplasma infections. Eighty-nine subjects were registered in the current study,16 Toxoplasma infected ESA women, 41 unknown ESA aborted women, 16 healthy pregnant women, and 16 healthy non-pregnant women served as control negative. Detections of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IL-23 by immunoenzymatic assay (IFA and ELISA, respectively). A significant difference (P = > 0.05) was found in all subjected groups except between Toxoplasmosis ESA and unknown EAS women. The data showed a substantial increase in sera IL-23 in unknown ESA with mean and standard deviation (SD) (13.679±2.461) and Toxoplasma infected women with mean and SD (14.279±4.757) as compared with non-Pregnant women having mean and SD (5.824±1.040) and healthy pregnant women with mean and SD (17.273±6.418). Therefore, this considerable evidence may indicate a role of IL-23 in the development of pregnancy gaining or losing, especially those ESA women.
Climate nutrient management for various sources and levels of fertilizers on soil nutrients, growth and yield of maize (Zea mays l.) in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Senthilkumar A. , Saliha B. Bhakiyathu , Saravana pandian P. , Thamizh vendan R. , Gurusamy A.
Published: June 2022

Global climate change is expected to soil processes and properties, which are important for restoring soil fertility and low productivity. The field experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Agricultural College, and Research Institute, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, during Kharif season 2021 to study of various sources and fertilizers' levels to influence under deficit and excess water conditions on soil fertility, growth, and yield of maize (Zea mays). The study revealed that excess and deficit water condition in moisture regime irrigations at Irrigation water / Cumulative Pan Evaporation (IW/CPE) ratio of 1.0 along with nutrient management practices (N8) 125 % Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) - NPK soil application by 1 % foliar spray of micronutrient mixture. Significantly higher of mean values available nitrogen (225 kg ha-1), available phosphorous (20.81 kg ha-1), available potassium (351 kg ha-1), dry matter production (DMP) (16,404 kg ha-1), plant height (250 cm) and yield (9,030 kg ha-1) and was comparable with IW/CPE ratio of 0.8, 0.6 along with others nutrient management practices at 100 % and 75 % STCR - NPK followed by foliar sprays 2 % NPK (19:19:19) and Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM) 1 %. Hence, under a normal water availability situation, irrigation at an IW/CPE ratio of 0.8 was good enough to produce a higher yield, while under deficit and excess water conditions IW/CPE ratio of 1.0 along with125 % STCR-NPK by foliar spray of micronutrient mixture of 1 % was suitable for obtaining optimum nutrient management for enhancing soil fertility, growth and yield of maize.
Multipurpose applications of bamboo as an activated carbon: An overview
Authors: Hashim Danial Shamzari Bin , Liew Jeng Young , Boon Jia Geng , Ch'ng Huck Ywih
Published: June 2022

Bamboo is a versatile resource for the synthesis of activated carbon. Low-cost precursors owing to a high growth rate and high carbon content in bamboo have consolidated its suitability as a renewable and notable alternative resource to activated carbon production. The attractiveness of bamboo activated carbon is due to its microcrystalline structure with a high porosity, fast absorption, and highly active surface area. Bamboo activated carbon can be synthesised via carbonisation and activation processes. The carbonisation process produces a substance with a colossal surface area to the mass ratio, which effective in holding various materials, minerals, humidity, odours, etc. Activation process involves the establishment of typical structures and advanced porosity to devise the high porosity of the solid activated carbon. Bamboo activated carbon can be used for energy-related reasons in environmental conservation, agriculture, soil amendment, animal feed additions, and wastewater treatment. It can also be used as a supplement in the composting and fermentation processes, utilised as a tar reduction catalyst in pyrolysis and gasification, as a pelletised fuel, and as a hydrogen production substrate. Numerous studies on activated carbon produced by diverse feedstocks are published in the areas of production, characterisation and possible uses and applications. Bamboo activated carbon is safeguarding its sphere of importance in today's era due to its multipurpose uses. The bamboo activated carbon is mostly used in the industrial, agricultural, and natural environment-related sectors. This paper presents a brief overview of the applications of bamboo activated carbon in numerous areas.
Sensory attributes, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and color values of jam and candy developed from Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: Kaur Sehajveer , Kaur Navjot , Aggarwal Poonam , Grover Kiran
Published: June 2022

Beetroot is a root vegetable with abundant bioactive compounds like phenols, flavonoids and betalains that give the beetroot a characteristic colour. The present study was conducted to develop preserved functional foods from fresh beetroot and analyze sensory attributes, physico-chemical properties, nutritional parameters, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and color values. Total soluble solids and acidity contents of raw beetroot, beetroot jam and candy was found to be 10.72° Brix and 0.06 %, 69.03 °Brix and 0.72 % and 69.43° Brix and 0.12 %, respectively. The TSS content of jam and candy was found to be 55.77±0.09 and 66.50±0.19, respectively. Total phenols, flavonoids, betalains and antioxidant activity of jam and candy were found to be 82.58 and 98.94 mg GAE/100g, 47.85 and 45.51 mg QE/100 g, 267.73 and 357 mg/100g and 35.43 and 42.13 %, respectively. The L* value indicating the lightness of a product decreased for beetroot jam as opposed to L* value of beetroot candy, which increased compared to raw beetroot. The a* value revealing the redness of jam increased whereas redness of candy decreased compared to raw beetroot. The present study indicated that; beetroot could be used for the preparation of jam and candy with good sensorial quality, which has a high market potential.
Molecular detection of mexXY-oprM, mexPQ-opmE Efflux pumps in multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in patients referred to teaching hospitals in Babylon province, Iraq
Authors: Al Zwaid Afrah Jawad Abd , Al-Dahmoshi Hussein Oleiwi Muttaleb
Published: June 2022

One of the global health issues is antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a causative agent of bacterial infections due to multidrug resistance (MDR), which may be mediated by efflux pumps' overexpression.The present study investigated the prevalence of mexXY-oprM,  mexPQ-opmE genes as encoding agents of efflux pumps and the determination of antibiotic resistance rate in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa.Different clinical specimens of infectious patients, such as wounds, urine, blood, discharge, and abscesses except for stool, were examined. Identification of the isolates was performed using Pseudomonas chromogenic agar. A selective medium for the isolation of P. aeruginosa, used to screen 79 isolates. The results were validated by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) utilizing particular primer pairs for the 16S rDNA gene of Pseudomonas spp. for identification of the isolates after incubation at 37°C for 24 hours. According to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2021) recommendations, a microbial susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. P. aeruginosa was extremely resistant to ceftazidime (93.6%) and cefepime (77.2 %).  In contrast, imipenem (77.2%) and meropenem (67%) showed high sensitivity. Finally, mexXY-oprM,  mexPQ-opmE genes were investigated by PCR technique. Molecular investigation revealed mexX 43%, mexY 51.89%, oprM 48.1%,  mexP 36.70% mexQ 46.83% and opmE 51.89%. The present study concluded that mexXY-oprM and mexPQ-opmE may have a role in P. aeruginosa resistance to various antibiotics. Identifying resistant isolates and antibiotic monitoring programs is essential to prevent the spread of MDR isolates.
Fixing critical limits of boron in rice soils of Karaikal region, Puducherry union territory, India
Authors: A. Kowsalya , Sriramachandrasekharan M. V. , Senthilvalavan P.
Published: June 2022

Boron is relatively immobile in plants and its deficiency can cause serious yield reduction in rice by retarding panicle formation. Karaiakal region of Puduchuerry union terittory includes different soils with varying fertility status thus supplying boron at optimum level is a must concern to enhance the rice productivity.A pot experiment was conducted to fix critical limits of boron in soils and rice of this Karaikal region. Forty surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from Inceptisol, Entisol and Vertisol soil orders of different locations in Karaikal region. The experiment was conducted with three levels of boron viz., 0, 1 and 2 ppm applied through borax in a factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The available B content of soil was estimated with five extractants. The critical limits of hot water, hot 0.01 M CaCl2, 0.05 M HCl, 1.0 M NH4OAc, 0.01M CaCl2+ 0.05 M Mannitol extractable B were found to be 0.50, 0.58, 0.46, 0.45 and 0.39 ppm in Inceptisol, 0.48, 0.59, 0.44, 0.39 and 0.48 ppm in Entisol and 0.45, 0.54, 0.45, 0.44 and 0.41ppm in Vertisol and a critical limit of 31.0, 39.0 and 34.0 ppm B in rice plant for Inceptisol(0.5ppm), Entisol(0.48 ppm) and Vertisol(0.45 ppm) as determined by Cate and Nelson’s graphical procedure. Among the extractants the hot water extractant showed the highest significant and positive correlation with Bray’s percent yield(0.48,0.47and 0.48), plant B content(0.041*, 0.019* and 0.271*) and B uptake(0.012*, 0.646* and 0.293*), respectively in Inceptisol, Entisol and Vertisol. From this study, the indicating knowledge of critical limit of boron will help to avoid yield loss of rice in the study region.
Effect of endophytic bacteria from Algerian prickly pear roots on wheat under drought stress
Authors: DRAOU Nassima  , GHARBI Samia , SELAMI Nawel , BOKHARI Hassiba , KEBAILI Hakima
Published: June 2022

Cactus are among the most drought tolerant plants. As Opuntia is able to grow under the stress of drought, this study aims to check if endophytic bacteria isolated from cactus roots have beneficial potential for crops such as wheat during drought. Two endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the roots of the cactus and screened for their plant growth promoting characteristics, such as N-free growth and auxin production. These bacteria have demonstrated their potential to promote the growth of durum wheat under in-vitro conditions and have been identified as Pseudomonas putida and P.brassicacearum, following the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis, and significantly improved growth parameters such as seeding length compared to the unobstructed control. After 05 days of contact of the two bacteria, P.putida and P.brassicacearum, with sprouted wheat seeds, a root growth rate of (39.88% and 62.14%, respectively) was recorded. The same effect on the growth of wheat roots is caused by the volatile substances of these bacteria deposited separately, with a rate of (53.30% and 24.18%) respectively. Symptoms of drought stress were visibly reduced on seedlings inoculated with P.putida and P.brassicacearum bacteria, a result supported by a growth rate of root parameters in length (260.83% and 179.60%), surface (21.98% and 60.17%) and scope (59.46% and 62.67%), respectively. This work opens up many perspectives for the characterization and selection of endophyte bacteria of under-used drought-tolerant species such as cacti for the improvement of the growth of field crops. These results promote the deployment of Pseudomonas sp as an effective biofertilizer in wheat.
Titanium dioxide electrospun nanofibers for dye removal- A review
Authors: Konni Madhavi , Dwarapureddi Bhavya Kavitha , Dash Swathi , Raj Aman , Karnena Manoj Kumar
Published: June 2022

Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, water demand has increased worldwide. The availability of potable water is becoming more difficult in the global scenario. Hazardous pollution disposal by the industries to the nearest stream and search for the facile environmentally friendly technologies capable of treating these pollutants become more challenging. Effluent disposal consisting of the dyes without proper pre-treatment adversely affects the aquatic life and ecological system as they are carcinogenic and highly toxic. Dyes in the water are becoming a significant problem in the current scenario and attracted many researchers to research the current topic. Even though the conventional treatment options are available for treating polluted water, still they are not enough for the demand and supply. Thus, new state-of-the-art technologies are required to meet the demand and supply. Titanium dioxide nanofibers synthesized by electrospinning techniques have proven to be new nanomaterials gaining prominence in science. Several researchers are using these fibres by fabricating them into a thin film for pollutant removal and water treatment. They are gaining much importance as they perform best in treating water containing both organic and inorganic loads. The present review provides insights into the background and the origin of the electrospun nanofibers and preparation mechanisms. Further, we identified 25 widely used titanium dioxide electrospun nanofibers with various combinations in removing the dyes from the aqueous medium.
Screening of plant growth-promoting Rhizobium tarimense from root nodules of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: Soni Monika , Choure Kamlesh
Published: June 2022

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are favourable bacteria that colonize the plant roots and enhance plant growth by direct and/or indirect mechanisms. This study aimed to screen rhizobial isolates of chickpea and evaluate their multiple plant growth-promoting traits. A total of twelve rhizobia-like-bacterial isolates were collected from the root nodules of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) from different regions of Madhya Pradesh, India, characterized by morphological, biochemical, and identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Out of twelve, one rhizobial isolate designated as RH17 was confirmed as Rhizobium tarimense by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which showed 98% similarity with the strain PL-41. The phylogenetic study was done by using MEGA-X to confirm the identity of RH17 isolate and the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of RH17 isolate was submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database under Genbank with accession number OM996100. The RH17 isolate showed multiple plant growth-promoting traits like nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphate (15mm), indole acetic acid (IAA) production (1µg/ml), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (0.5nmol), ammonia (NH3), siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production and antagonism against phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Macrophomina phaseolina. Therefore, the present study suggests that R. tarimense (RH17) isolate can be used as PGP bacteria and a biocontrol agent to enhance the growth, productivity and yield of chickpea.
Food, not the photoperiod, entrains the circadian rhythms in the liver of Winstar albino rats
Authors: Trivedi Amit Kumar , Vanlalmalsawmi Emily , Renthlei Zothanmawii , Jongte Lalremruati
Published: June 2022

The central oscillator is located in mammals' suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The liver is the non-photic organ and the centre for metabolic activities. Food could be a potential zeitgeber for the liver as the timing of feeding is precise in animals. The present study hypothesized that the food provided at a different time of the day (consistently delay of 6 hours) could lead to the desynchronization of daily rhythms in clock genes in liver tissues.  The Winstar albino rats were divided into three groups and were exposed to a daily light-dark cycle (12L:12D; 12h light and 12h dark). The Group 1 (Control group) had food ad libitum, Group 2- second group- 6h food group had daily food availability of 6h (night fed group). In contrast, Group 3- T30 group was provided food for 6 hours but delayed by 6h from the previous day's food timing. After 30 days, animals were sacrificed at six-time points and the expression of clock genes was studied in the liver. Food cycle's effect was observed on body mass, and it was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the T30 group. The circadian clock persisted in both food ad libitum and night fed groups but changed in phase and amplitude. However, it lost daily rhythm in clock genes in liver tissues of the T30 group. These results are significant as they suggest that the food's timing is critical for synchronizing the circadian clock in the metabolic center, i.e., the liver.
Assessment of biochemical and physiological tolerance mechanism of the multipurpose paradise tree (Simarouba amara Aubl.) under zinc and copper stress
Authors: Kumar Jatin , Das Amit K. , Rani Jyoti , Gupta Piyush Kumar
Published: June 2022

Simarouba amara Aubl., commonly known as paradise tree, is a multipurpose, evergreen, poly-gamodioecious, and oil yielding tree. The plant is famous for its seeds containing 55-65% oil, a potent source of biodiesel production and is being utilized in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. The study aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical changes that occur in S. amara seedlings under heavy metals stress. Two-month-old S. amara seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) (Zn and Cu: 10 mg Kg-1, 50 mg Kg-1, 100 mg Kg-1, 200 mg Kg-1). The study indicated that both the heavy metals resulted in a significant decrease in leaf relative water content (LRWC), photosynthetic pigments and an increase in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels. Regarding lipid peroxidation, Cu proved to be more toxic to seedlings compared to Zn. However, in terms of LRWC and photosynthetic pigments, Zn showed higher toxic effects than Cu. Proline and cysteine content increased by 234% and 270%, respectively, due to Zn stress and 117% and 102%, respectively, due to Cu stress at 200 mg Kg-1. Among antioxidant enzymes, a maximum increase in glutathione reductase (GR) activity was observed (600% due to Cu stress and 320% due to Zn stress) at 200 mg Kg-1. At the same concentration, a minimum increase was seen in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity (60% under Cu stress) and catalase (CAT) activity (69% under Zn stress). The present study revealed that S. amara has a better antioxidant defensive mechanism against oxidative stress and can be used for its large scale cultivation on wastelands.
Autochthonous antimicrobial microorganisms: application in wastewater treatment
Authors: Bhtnagar Anita , Kalra Sapna
Published: June 2022

In the previous two decades, people's lifestyles have changed as a result of industrialization, urbanization, and modernity, resulting in a rise in pollutants in daily sewage wastewater output. Less than half of the sewage generated is processed in a sewage treatment facility, while the remaining gets discharged into rivers untreated, deviating physio-chemical parameters of river water from the standards and thus causing harm to aquatic ecosystems. Sewage water contains autochthonous bacteria such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp. and Rhodococcus sp that are effective in decontaminating wastewater. They employ a variety of mechanisms to consume pollutants, including biosorption, bioaccumulation and enzyme-mediated bioremediation, and thus can be used in bioremediation schemes. Bacteria possessing antimicrobial activity as well as protease production can be isolated from the wastewater and employed in the sewage treatment plant. The bacterial consortium has also been shown to be successful in wastewater treatment due to the synergistic degradation capabilities of the co- cultivated bacterial strains, which enhance the uptake rate of pollutants as nutrients. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, oxygen, and nutrition availability at the site all affect the process outcome. The major focus of this review is to emphasize the bacterial capacity to clean wastewater as a single bacterial culture or as part of a bacterial consortium and the factor affecting the degradation process to achieve the requirement of a safer environment.
Role of Brassinosteroids in plants responses to salinity stress: A review
Authors: Vikram  , Pooja  , Sharma Jyoti , Sharma Asha
Published: June 2022

Brassinosteroid emerges as an essential phytohormone that helps the plant to maintain plant growth and development. It also helps the plants grow well under adverse conditions along with normal conditions. In this review article, we have discussed the functional role of brassinosteroid (BRS) in plants under salinity stress conditions. Salinity stress is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses which adversely affect plant growth by disturbing their metabolic pathway. This article also comprises the occurrence, structure and signalling pathway of the brassinosteroid. Application of brassinosteroid improves the plant status under salinity by enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activity in plants. Moreover, we also reported the different growth parameters enhanced by brassinosteroid application in plants under salinity. BRSs also maintain plant growth through the regulation of expression of various genes whose products are involved in various biochemical and physiological processes. This review is based on the various aspects in much detail which are required to understand the proper mechanism of BRS, such as i) the role of BRS signaling pathways in providing tolerance to the plants, ii) changes due to the presence or absence of BRS in plants under stress conditions, iii) BRSs application on the regulation of different genes and transcriptional factor, iv) regulation in ion homeostasis, v) reduction of oxidative stress via different mechanisms under salinity stress. However, a lot of knowledge is required to understand the role of BRS in alleviating salinity stress and needs future research work on BRS with its different derivatives in the alleviation of salt stress.
Teeth bleaching effect and anti-oral microbial activity of water-extracted apple (Malus asiatica)
Authors: Jeong Soon-Jeong
Published: June 2022

Apple contains nutrients such as sugars, dietary fiber, and vitamins as well as bioactive phytochemicals such as organic acid, fatty acid and phenolic compounds. This study was conducted to confirm the applicability of apples as a bleaching agent and functional substances for the prevention of oral infectious diseases and maintenance of oral health by investigating the bovine teeth bleaching effect, anti-oral microbial activity, and inhibitory effect of halitosis of water-extracted apple (WEA). From the results of quantitative analysis of the surface color of bovine teeth, the application of WEA significantly increased the ΔE value, indicating a bleaching effect. In the case of 100mg/ml, the ΔE value increased as the WEA application time increased, and the bleaching effect was the greatest. Based on the results of the disk diffusion test and selective culture using CRT bacteria test kit, WEA showed anti-oral microbial activity against the dental caries bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Latobacillus casei, the periodontal bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Eschericha coli, but showed no antifungal effect against Candida albicans, causing oral candidiasis. From the results of colony formation and generation of halitosis from salivary microorganisms, WEA inhibited the growth of salivary microorganisms and generation of components inducing halitosis such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide, that occur during the metabolic process of oral microorganisms. Therefore, WEA is a functional substance derived from a safe and useful natural product that can be used for the prevention of oral infectious diseases and maintenance of oral health
Solubilization of phosphorus by low molecular weight organic acids and amino acids in calcareous soils
Authors: Brindhavani P. M. , Chitdeshwari T. , Selvi D. , Sivakumar U. , Jeyakumar P.
Published: June 2022

In order for plants to perform well in nutrient-deficient calcareous soils, they have an efficient adaptive technique of root exudate secretion, which contains low molecular weight organic acids. They enhance  nutrient release and thereby increase the nutrient availability in calcareous soils. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of concentration and time of incubation of low molecular weight organic acids on P solubilization from calcareous soils collected from various locations of Coimbatore district with varying levels of calcareousness. An incubation experiment was conducted with five calcareous soils with varying levels of free CaCO3 viz., (1, 7.5, 12.5, 17.5 & 21.5%) by incubating with seven different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 & 100 mM) of four organic (citric, malic, oxalic and acetic acid) and two amino acids (glycine and lysine) for nine incubation time intervals (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 240, 960 & 1440 mins) on a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD). Available P was analyzed to find the solubilization efficiency of various organic and amino acids. The organic acids were more efficient when compared to amino acids in P solubilization, especially citric acid followed by oxalic and malic acids, at 100 mM concentration incubated for 1440 mins. Also, the solubilization increased with increasing concentration and incubation time, irrespective of the soil calcareousness, but the magnitude of phosphorus extraction decreased with increasing soil calcareousness. Incubating the calcareous soils with 100 mM of citric acid for 1440 min  solubilized more amount of phosphorus. Hence it can be concluded that addition of 100 mM citric acid will influence the phosphorus release even from highly calcareous soils.
Evaluation of the antagonistic potential of bacterial strains isolated from Algerian soils for the biological control of phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: GHARBI Samia , RAFANOMEZANTSOA Pelias , TERBECHE Ryme , DRAOU Nassima , KARKACHI Noureddine
Published: June 2022

Antagonistic bacteria contribute to the management of plant diseases by stimulating the natural defenses in the host and/or by ensuring direct biocontrol of the aggressors. The objective of this work was to isolate, identify and evaluate (in vitro) various Bacillus spp. for their potential to control phyopathogenic fungi. Selection of the 40 strains of Bacillus previously isolated from the soil in various areas of western Algeria was carried out by direct confrontation on the mycelial growth of four phytopathogens (Fusariumoxysporumf.splycopersici, Alternaria tenuis , Phytophthorainfestans, Ascochytapisi). This strategy involved using the antagonistic potential of microorganisms found in the plant environment in Algeria. The second part of this work consisted of the characterization and identification of tested strainsThe identification of the selected strains was carried out by biochemical tests. The results obtained showed that at the end of the fifth day, the most promising isolates showed antifungal activity and reached an inhibition rate of the mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi, respectively, F. oxysporumf. splycopersici 75%, A. tenuis 80%, P. infestans 83.30%, Ascochytapisi 67%. The potential antagonist of Bacillus tested in vitro by direct confrontation against 04 phytopathogenic fungi showed that all strains of Bacillus decreased fungal mycelial growth. Two strains of Bacillus B30 and B41 were found to have the most efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, Alternaria tenius, Phytophtora infestans et Ascochyta pisi, with an inhibition rate of  65.25 and 72.25% respectively These results demonstrate that Bacillus sp. presenteds a potential for biological control. However, it is important to understand the mechanisms implemented by these bacteria to develop effective protection strategies.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Financial Performance Analysis Selected Private Sector Banks in India
Authors: P.Thanigaivelan  , Dr. M.Vidya
Published: June 2022

The growth of a country's banking sector has a significant impact on its economic development. The banking sector plays a critical role in determining a country's economic future. A well-planned, structured, efficient, and viable banking system is an essential component of an economy's economic and social infrastructure. In modern society, a strong banking system is required because it meets the financial needs of the modern society. In a country's economy, the banking system plays a crucial role. Because it connects surplus and deficit economic agents, the bank is the most important financial intermediary in the economy. The banking system is regarded as the economy's lifeline. It meets the financial needs of commerce, industry, and agriculture. As a result, the country's development and the banking system are intertwined. They are critical in the mobilisation of savings and the distribution of credit to various sectors of the economy. India's private sector banks play a critical role in the country's economic development. So The financial performance of private sector banks must be evaluated carefully.
An Empirical Analysis of Financial Performance of Selected Oil Exploration and Production Companies in India
Authors: P.Venkataraman  , Dr. K.Subramaniam
Published: June 2022

After the United States, China, and Japan, India was the world's fourth biggest consumer of oil and petroleum products. The nation is significantly reliant on crude oil imports, the majority of which come from the Middle East. The Indian oil and gas business is one of the country's six main sectors, with important forward links to the rest of the economy. More than two-thirds of the country's overall primary energy demands are met by the oil and gas industry. The industry has played a key role in placing India on the global map. India is now the world's sixth biggest crude oil user and ninth largest crude oil importer. In addition, the country's portion of the worldwide refining market is growing. India's refining industry is now the world's sixth biggest. With plans for Reliance Petroleum Limited to commission another refinery with a capacity of 29 MTPA next 16 to its 33 MTPA refinery in Jamnagar, Gujarat, this position is projected to be enhanced. As a consequence, the Reliance refinery would be the biggest single-site refinery in the world. Based on secondary data gathered from CMIE, the current research examines the ratios influencing the profitability of selected oil exploration and production businesses in India during a 10-year period.
Comparative Study of Various Crowd Detection and Classification Methods for Safety Control System
Authors: Nida Khan  , Dr. Mohd Haroon
Published: June 2022

A crowd is a distinct collection of people or anything that is involved in community or society. The phenomenon of a crowd is fairly well known in a wide range of academic fields, including sociology, civil engineering, and physics, amongst others. At this point in time, it has developed into the most active-oriented research and fashionable issue in the field of computer vision. Pre-processing, object detection, and event or behavior identification are the three stages of processing that are traditionally included in crowd analysis. These stages are pre-processing, object detection, and event recognition. Pre-processing, object detection, and event or behaviour identification are the three stages of processing that are traditionally included in crowd analysis. These stages are pre-processing, object detection, and event recognition. This study gives a model of crowd analysis as well as a taxonomy of the most prevalent method to crowd analysis. It may be helpful to researchers and would serve as a good introduction connected to the area of work that has been conducted.
ALLIUM LIBANII BOISS. SOUTH URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN-INSTITUTE FOR INTRODUCTION
Authors:   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute, TUKHVATULLINA L.A.
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the results of the introduction study of A. libanii Boiss. in culture conditions: information is given on the study of the seasonal rhythm of development, biometric parameters, seed productivity, biochemical composition, breeding features, as well as a characteristic of age states (ontogenesis). The phenorhythmotype of the species is long-growing, summer-green with forced winter rest, medium-late-flowering. Bimetrichesky parameters: height of generative escape of A. libanii - 64.6±1.05 cm, its thickness - 0.6±0.02 cm, leaf length - 22.2±1.45 cm, its width - 0.9±0.05 cm, diameter of an umbrella - 5.0±0.06 cm, diameter of a flower - 1.0±0.01 cm. In an inflorescence of A. libanii there are on average 158.3±17.9 pieces of flowers, fruits - 125.3±19.4 pieces, the fruit formation of an umbrella makes 79.2 %. Real seed productivity per generative escape - 354.2 ± 40.62 pcs of seeds, potential seed productivity - 950 ± 69.53 pcs, umbrella productivity coefficient - 37.3%. The number of seeds in the fruit is 2.82 ± 0.06 pcs., The semenification of the fruit is 47.0%. The absolute weight of the seeds is 2.4 g. In the leaves revealed: 47.01 mg% ascorbic acid; 145.6 mg/kg carotene; 13.75% protein; 5.4% sugar; 4.55% fat; 3.36% nitrogen; 2.52% starch. Of the macroelements, potassium accumulation - 2.50%, calcium - 0.83%, phosphorus - 0.42%, magnesium - 0.10%, sulfur - 0.08%. Of the trace elements, iron accumulation is 103.7 mg/kg, zinc - 64.8 mg/kg, manganese - 36.6 mg/kg, copper - 6.0 mg/kg, cobalt - 0.25 mg. According to long-term phenological observations of A. libanii , winter-resistant, no damage was found by diseases and pests. In terms of points, it is assigned to the group of very promising plants (18 points).