bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Payment Development in China
Authors: Zhao Li , Shu Hua Ying
Published: November 2013

The thesis first analyzes the concept of mobile payment, and then it makes a distinction between remote payment and near field payment. In addition to that, it infers the development of global mobile payment, which involves the users and the market size. Secondly it probes into Chinas rapid development of mobile internet economy, whose 3G network and smart phones provides high-speed mobile Internet and visual, convenient interface for mobile payment. Thirdly, harmonization of standards of mobile payment will help create industry chain parties openness, cooperation and win-win situation and promote mobile payment intensive and large-scale development process. In the end, it probes into the win-win business model for the telecom operators and financial institutions: Telecom operators will lease SIM card space to obtain revenue and financial institutions will get more fee income.
The Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Teaching of Industrial Design − Outline of the Project for the Human-Computer Interactive Simulation of the Upper Limb Operations
Authors: Nie Gui Ping , Ren Guang Jie
Published: November 2013

The virtual reality technology can help us to make more scientific and rational design, process more simple and optimized, and teaching more vivid and natural. This text, taking the human-computer interactive simulation of the upper limb operations for example, classifies a wide range of man-machine interfaces that related to the upper limb operations of human, and through the operations analysis and motion analysis of human to find a breakthrough point, so as to carry out the research of targeted countermeasures. The purpose of the research is to complete product platform to provide effective services for teaching and industry.
Kinematic Analysis of Basket with 1/2 Turn to Handstand of Haibin Teng on Parallel Bars
Authors: Guo En Ci , Zhou Ji He
Published: November 2013

The basket with 1/2 turn to handstand on parallel bars is a representative movement of E group, which not only has some difficulty, but higher connection value. Modern three-dimension picture analysis will become the main method on technique diagnosis of kinematics parameter at game site. We took up Haibin Tengs (referred to as Teng, the champion of 2004 Athens Olympics) basket with 1/2 turn to handstand in Olympic trials for the national gymnastics championship tournament in 2012 and also made three-dimension analysis on it. The results show that during the downswing stage, in the case of maximum torque, Teng can control each link in the best position; during the upswing stage, in the case of overcome gravity, he can reduce the wastage of the kinetic energy as much as possible to allow him to maximize his speed; during the instant of release, the horizontal distance of the center off the bar is 0.83m, and the horizontal angle is 13.5 °. It is reasonable to twist when the body in such a position and angle. He contractions his shoulder, flexors hip to reduce the moment of inertia, increased rotational angular velocity so as to complete the action in a high quality. This is the main reason that he obtained the excellent result.
Investigation on the Microstructure and Segregation of Superalloy FGH96 by Direct Laser Forming
Authors: Zhang Hai Yang , Zhang An Feng , He Bin , Shi Xing Kun
Published: November 2013

Direct laser forming directional solidification experiments were performed by using nickel-base superalloy as substrate and powder FGH96 as cladding material. The solidification microstructure of the cladding layer was investigated. Results showed that as-deposited microstructure was directionally solidified dendrites with the primary dendrite arm spacing of approximately 3μm and the secondary arm was small or even degenerated. According to the theory of columnar/equiaxed transition (CET) in front of the solid/liquid interface, it was found that in the single-path multi-layer cladding layers and multi-path multi-layer cladding layers, the microstructure with the same crystallographic orientation as the substrate was obtained by reasonably selecting the processing parameters. Composition segregation analysis showed a very uniform distribution of elements,and the segregation ratios were close to 1.
Box-Behnken Design Based Statistical Modeling and Optimization of Cellulase-Assisted Microwave Extraction of Polysaccharide from Elaeagnus Angustifolia L.
Authors: Wang Shu , Liu Hiu Ping , Zhang Yu , Yu Jia , Yuan Wei
Published: November 2013

Cellulaseassisted microwave extraction of polysaccharides from Elaeagnus angustifolia L. was researched. The four influential parameters, extraction temperature, pH value, microwave extraction power and microwave time, were optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) with a quadratic regression model built by using response surface methodology (RSM). As results, the extraction conditions have significant effects on extraction yield of polysaccharide, a quadratic model was found to fit for EAP yield, and the optimal conditions was determined as following: extraction temperature of 38°C,pH value of 5.0,microwave power of 509W and irradiation time of 60 s. A maximum yield of 19.57± 0.02% for EAP was achieved in verification experiment.
Reduction of Ammonium Paratungstate Generated during Hydrometallurgical Processing of Tungsten-Copper Borings
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Sau D.C. , Nishant P. , Bhattacharya M.
Published: November 2013

Tungsten-copper(W-Cu) alloy is employed for manufacturing heavy duty contactors, relays,switches etc. During production of such components, W-Cu turnings/borings aregenerated. At CSIR-NML, a process for recovering tungsten and copper fromtungsten-copper borings containing 46.01% W, 53.78% Cu, 0.13% Fe and otherminor metals as high purity tungsten powder and copper powder has beendeveloped. In the present work, a detailed investigation on reduction ofammonium paratungstate (APT) having purity 99.95% by hydrogen gas to produce highpurity tungsten powder is presented. The various process parameters such astemperature, time and flow rate of hydrogen gas have been optimized. At the temperatureof 800°C and 0.1 lpm flow rate a reduction of 77.78% was observed upto 2h time. At 900°C, with increase in flow rate from 0.1 lpm to 0.3lpm the increase in reduction was found to be from 63.88% to 99.99% at 1h time.At still high temperature of 1000°C, almost complete reduction was obtainedat 0.1 lpm flow rate in 1h time. The effect of bed-depth was also carried out. Atall temperatures chemical reaction was the rate determining step.
Microbial Sorption Studies for Removal of Trivalent Chromium from Model Tanning Bath
Authors: Dhal Biswaranjan , Abhilash  , Pandey Banshi Dhar
Published: November 2013

Out of the industrial waste streams/effluents entering in the aquatic system containing metallic species, tanneries release high amounts of chromium, an anthropogenic pollutant because of use of basic chromium sulphate in the tanning processes. Trivalent chromium, Cr (III) is the targeted ionic species for removal by biosorption on a fungal species in this work, as the technique has inherent merit of easy adsorbent regeneration and lower capital costs. The study involves the use ofAspergillus niger(A. niger), to remediate chromium from a model tanning bath with Cr (III) concentration of 500 mg L-1. The fungal species was grown in Czapek Dox media at pH 2.5 and 35°C temperature and its biomass was used in various forms such as live, autoclaved and alkali treated. With 1% (w/v) alkali treated biomass, the biosorption of chromium reached a maximum of 91% for a feed concentration of 500 mg L-1in 2 h time at pH 2.5, temp 35°C and A/R (adsorbent : solution volume) ratio of 1/100. The lower biosorption of metal (42 - 44%) was observed with live and autoclaved biomass. The biosorption of chromium (III) on the fungal biomass was explained with various isotherms and fitted to the kinetic model involving first order expression. The study focuses on establishing the mechanism of bioremediation of chromium onA. niger.
Effect of Anodizing Voltage on the Morphology and Growth Kinetics of Porous Anodic Alumina on Al-0.5 wt% Mn Alloys
Authors: Voon C.H. , Derman M.N. , Hashim U. , Foo K.L. , Adam Tijjani
Published: November 2013

In this study, the effect of anodizing voltage on the morphology of porous anodic alumina and growth kinetics of anodizing of aluminium manganese alloy was reported. It was found that the increasing anodizing voltage affect the morphology and dimensional parameters of porous AAO. Both pore diameter and interpore distance increased as a function of anodizing voltage. The regularity of porous AAO was affected by anodizing voltage. Dielectric breakdown occurred at anodizing voltage of 70 V and led to protrusions and cracks of the porous anodic alumina. Moderate anodizing voltage promoted the formation of well ordered pore arrangement while disordered pore arrangement was observed when the anodizing voltage was too low or too high. The thickness of porous AAO increased as the anodizing voltage increased.
Characterization of Activated Carbon from Wood Sawdust Prepared via Chemical Activation Using Potassium Hydroxide
Authors: Borhan Azry , Taha Mohd Faisal , Hamzah Athirah Amer
Published: November 2013

The preparation of activated carbon from wood-based industrys residue is one of the most environmental friendly solutions of transforming negative-valued wastes to valuable materials. Wood sawdust was first chemically activated using potassium hydroxide, KOH and characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms measured in Micrometrices ASAP 2020 and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). By manipulating three different parameters, the optimal activation conditions were found at temperature of 500°C, activation time of 60 min and impregnation ratio of 1:3. Results showed that the BET surface area, total pore volume and diameter of activated carbon were 1876.16 m2g-1, 0.88 cm3g-1and 6.93 nm, respectively. Nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherm analysis proved the existence of mesopores in activated carbon produced, suggesting that it can be effectively used as an adsorption material.
Ultraviolet Photoresponse Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanorods on Heavily Boron-Doped Diamond Heterostructure
Authors: Saw Kim Guan , Tneh Sau Siong , Pung Swee Yong , Ng Sha Shiong , Yam F.K. , Hassan Zainuriah
Published: November 2013

Heterostructures consisting of ZnO and diamond appear to have an elusive nature. A rectifying behaviour was previously observed only for heterojunctions with very lightly doped p-type diamond using residual boron gas during the chemical vapour deposition process or type IIb diamond. Other studies, however, claimed to obtain a rectifying behaviour for heterojunctions with p-type diamond with higher carrier densities between 1018 1019 cm-3. In this work we investigate the behaviour of n-type ZnO on heavily boron-doped p-type diamond. This heterostructure that is sensitive to UV light has been fabricated using ZnO nanorods grown on heavily boron-doped chemical vapour deposition diamond substrates. The I -V measurements show a rectifying characteristic. The threshold voltages under dark and UV conditions are 3.66 and 2.52 V, respectively. The UV illumination also results in an increased current flow. The electrical behaviour due to the UV illumination will be discussed.
Optimized Nano-Slot Silicon Waveguide Structures for Optical Sensing Applications
Authors: Manaf N. Aina C. , Yusoff Mohd Hanapiah M. , Abd-Rahman M. Kamil
Published: November 2013

In this paper, an investigation of optimized vertical and non-vertical nano-slot silicon waveguides with different cover media (cladding) is presented. The mode properties and light confining effects for both of these slot waveguides geometry are investigated at operating wavelength of 1550nm. Light propagation of waveguide modal profiles for electric field and intensity of such slot waveguides are also presented.
Effect of H2SO4 Treated TiO2 Nano Fillers on the AC Conductivity of Hexanoyl Chitosan-Polystyrene-LiCF3SO3 Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Winie Tan , Mohd Shahril Nur Syuhada , Hanif Nur Shazlinda Muhammad , Subban Ri Hanum Yahaya , Chan Chin Han
Published: November 2013

Hexanoyl chitosan exhibited solubility in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was prepared by acyl modification of chitosan. Polystyrene with molecular weight 280,000 g mol-1 was chosen to blend with hexanoyl chitosan. LiCF3SO3 was employed as the doping salt. Untreated and H2SO4 treated TiO2 was added as the filler. Films of hexanoyl chitosan-polystyrene-LiCF3SO3-TiO2 polymer electrolyte were obtained by solution casting technique. The ac conductivity of the sample was calculated from the relation σac = εoεiω, where εo is the permittivity of the free space, the angular frequency, ω=2πf, and εi is the dielectric loss. The ac conductivity dispersion observed is analyzed using the Jonshers universal power law, σ (ω) = σdc + Aωn where A is a pre-exponential constant and n is the power law exponent with value in the range 0 < n < 1. The temperature dependence of exponent n will then be interpreted using the existing theoretical models.
Effect of Processing Route on the Morphology of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) Nanocomposites Incorporating Organofluoromica
Authors: Osman Azlin Fazlina , Jack Kevin , Edwards Grant , Martin Darren
Published: November 2013

In the production of polymer nanocomposites, the processing method determines the dispersion of the nanofiller and hence, the final nanocomposite properties. In this work, the potential of high energy milling of the organofluoromica to improve the platelet dispersion and exfoliation in both solvent cast and melt processed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/organofluoromica nanocomposites was investigated. The potential of high energy milling of the organofluoromica to improve the platelet dispersion and exfoliation in both solvent cast and melt processed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/organofluoromica nanocomposites was investigated. The applied high energy milling process has successfully reduced this nanofiller platelet length from 640 nm to 400 nm and 250 nm after 1 hour and 2 hours respectively. These lower aspect ratio milled nanofillers resulted in improved quality of dispersion and delamination when incorporated into the TPU and hence interacted more preferentially with the TPU matrix.
Characterization of MgZnO Thin Film for 1 GHz MMIC Applications
Authors: Ahmad R. , Shamsudin M.S. , Salina M. , Sanip S.M. , Rusop M. , Awang Z.
Published: November 2013

MgZnO thin films are proposed as a new dielectric material for 1 GHz monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) applications. The high permittivity of this material enables size reduction; furthermore this can be fabricated using a low cost processing method. In this work, MgZnO/Pt/Si thin films were synthesized using a sol-gel spin coating method. The samples were annealed at various temperatures with the effects on physical and electrical properties investigated at direct current (DC) and high frequencies. The physical properties of MgZnO thin film were analyzed using X-Ray diffraction, with the improvements shown in crystalline structure and grain size with increasing temperature up to 700 °C. DC resistivity of 77 Ωcm at higher annealing temperature obtained using a four point probe station. In order to prove the feasibility at high frequencies, a test structure consisting of a 50 Ω transmission line and capacitors with 50 × 50 μm electrode area were patterned on the films using electron beam lithography. The radio frequency (RF) properties were measured using aWiltron 37269Avector network analyzer andCascade Microtechon-wafer probes measured over a frequency range of 0.5 to 3 GHz. The dielectric constant, loss tangent and return loss, S11improve with the increment annealing temperature. The dielectric constant was found to be 18.8, with loss tangent of 0.02 at 1 GHz. These give a corresponding size reduction of ten times compared to conventional dielectrics, silicon nitride (Si3N4). These indicate that the material is suitable to be implemented as a new dielectric material for 1GHz MMIC applications.
Formation of Zinc-Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxide-2,4,5-Tricholorophenoxybutyrate Nanocomposites by Ion Exchange Method
Authors: Mohd Ghazali Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh , Hussein Mohd Zobir , Yahaya Subhan Ri Hanum , Sarijo Siti Halimah
Published: November 2013

The intercalation of herbicide, 2,4,5-tricholorophenoxybutyrate (TBA) , into zinc-aluminium-layered double hydroxide (ZAL) for the formation of a new nanocomposite ZAT, was accomplished via anion exchange method. Due to the intercalation of TBA with ZAL interlayer domain, basal spacing expanded from 8.9Å in the ZAL to 23.3 Å in the ZAT. The percentage loading of TBA in the ZAT is 45.5 % (w/w). The FTIR spectra of the nanocomposite shows resemblance peaks of the TBA and Zn-Al-layered double hydroxide indicating the inclusion of TBA into the layered double hydroxide. Surface area of the resulting nanocomposite increased from 1.3 to 15.6 m2g-1with the nitrogen adsorption-desorption of type IV, indicating the mesopore type of material.
Influence of Acid and Thermal Treatments on Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Akbarzadeh Omid , Mohd Zabidi Noor Asmawati , Abdullah Bawadi , Subbarao Duvvuri
Published: November 2013

The application of carbon nanotubes as a catalyst support has received considerable attention recently. The influence of acid and thermal treatments on the properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is presented in this paper. MWCNTs were treated with 65 wt% HNO3 at the 120 °C for 14 h in order to open the caps and introduce functional groups on the MWCNTs. Then thermal treatment was carried out at 600, 700, 800, 900 °C for 3 h in flowing Ar gas in a tubular furnace. The MWCNTs were characterized by N2- adsorption, FESEM and Raman spectroscopy. The thermal treatment resulted in slight morphological changes of the MWCNTs. The acid and thermal treatments also increased the BET surface areas and pore volumes of the MWCNTs.
Role of Thickness towards the Optical and Electrical Properties of Photoactive Layer MEH-PPV: TiO2 Nanocomposite Thin Films
Authors: Zahid Fazlinashatul Suhaidah , Mohamad Saad Puteri Sarah , Rusop Mahmood Mohamad
Published: November 2013

In recent years, the research on organic solar cells systems based on nanocomposite containing conjugated polymers has lead to great attention with the aim or replacing conventional inorganic solar cells. This nanocomposite can be processed at lower cost, low weight and ease of synthesis with greater versatility than todays solar cell. In this study, we investigated the dependence of physical, optical and electrical properties on the thickness of MEH-PPV: TiO2 nanocomposite thin films for organic solar cell application. It was found the optical properties of photo-active layer MEH-PPV: TiO2 nanocomposite thin films improved with increasing its thickness however the electrical properties decreased. The absorption coefficients of photoactive layer are high in the visible region (400-600 nm) with optimum absorption region at 500 nm. The shift of absorption edge toward longer wavelength with increased of nanocomposite photoactive layer thickness due to narrowing band gap caused by the effects of electron-electron and electron-impurity scattering. In addition the study of illuminated current-voltage (I-V) characteristics revealed the increment of recombination process with increased of photoactive layer thicknesses. It was found such increased in resistivity from 136x103 to 1600x103 Ω.cm is closely related to the electric field and exciton dissociation which is decreased with increased photoactive thickness.
Reviewed Immunosensor Format Using Nanomaterial for Tungro Virus Detection
Authors: Uda M.N.A. , Adam Tijjani , Hasfalina C.M. , Faridah Sfaridah S. , Zamri Ishak , Hashim U. , Ariffin Shahrul A.B.
Published: November 2013

Recently, nanomaterial based biosensor application has drawn a lot attention among researchers because of specialty to enhance the sensor signal for increasing the sensitivity for detecting and identification of pathogen, viruses and toxic compound in controlling plant disease outbreak effectively. Rice tungro disease (RTD) causes a major problem in rice production and also will effect in the economic loss in the country. Therefore, early detection system is needed to monitor the disease at the early stage of the infection for preventing the disease outbreak in planting area. Lastly, this paper will discuss the current findings in rapid diagnostics using immunosensors technologies with nanomaterial application in enhancing the sensor signal for increasing the detection sensitivity
Influence of Nanoparticle Type, Size and Weight on Migration Properties of Nanorefrigerant
Authors: Kamyar A. , Mahbubul I.M. , Rahman Saidur , Amalina Muhammad Afifi
Published: November 2013

Refrigerant-based nanofluids are termed as nanorefrigerants, which are capable of improving the performance of refrigeration systems. Refrigerants act as coolants due to their low boiling temperature. Therefore, the condition of nanoparticles during this phase change needs to be clarified. In this paper the migration properties of nanoparticles during pool boiling of a nanorefrigerant have been experimentally studied. The effects of nanoparticle type, size and weight on the migration of nano-sized particles have been investigated. Al2O3 and TiO2 particles, each with two different average diameters, were used with R141b refrigerant as the base fluid. Experimental results show that migrated mass of nanoparticles increases with the increase of initial mass of nanoparticles and sizes of nanoparticles as well. However, migration of nanoparticles decreases with the increase of the density of nanoparticles. Hence, migration properties of nanoparticles have a notable relationship with the distribution of nano-sized particles.
Effect of Deposition Time on Properties of Nanostructured ZnO Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Md Sin Nor Diyana , Mamat M.H. , Rusop M.
Published: November 2013

The effect of deposition time on properties of ZnO nanostructured thin film was investigated. The ZnO thin films were deposited at various times from 15~75 minutes. The ZnO thin film at 60 min deposition time shows the highest current density and high conductivity with 2.15x10-2 Scm-1. The optical properties of ZnO thin films show high transmittance with >80% at 380 nm to 1200 nm. The thickness of ZnO thin film increases linearly with deposition time. The size of ZnO thin films increase as the deposition time increase. Based from fesem images, the ZnO nanocolumnar structure was formed at 15 to 60 minutes deposition time while at 75 minutes the sample formed nanoflakes structure.
A Comparative Study of Dielectric Strength between SiR/EPDM and PP/EPDM Blends with Various Type of Nanofillers
Authors: Mansor Noor Syazwani , Hamzah Muhammad Safwan , Kamarol M. , Mariatti M.
Published: November 2013

This paper focused on studying the effect of addition of Al2O3, TiO2and BN nanofillers on dielectric strength of nanocomposite material. There are two types of polymer blends used in this project which are silicone rubber/EPDM and PP/EPDM blends. Nanocomposites samples was blended at 50:50 ratios and developed by compounding with and without 5 wt% concentration of Al2O3, TiO2, and BN. The results are compared based on performance in dielectric properties of each types of polymer blends. From the weibull probability plot, PP/EPDM blend with nanofillers shows the higher dielectic strength compared to the SiR/EPDM blends. From the average value of electric field strength, it was found that the value of electric field strengths for PP/EPDM/Al2O3,PP/EPDM, PP/EPDM/TiO2and PP/EPDM/BN were 42.76kV/mm, 38.44 kV/mm and 32.93 kV/mm respectively. The results for SiR/EPDM with addition of Al2O3, TiO2and BN are 37.43kV/mm 34.04kV/mm and 29.73kV/mm respectively. It was found that PP/EPDM blend gives better results for dielectric properties compared to SiR/EPDM blend.
Effect of Annealing on Surface of Nickel (Ni)/Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Nanostructures Measured by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
Authors: Sobri M. , Shuhaimi A. , Hakim K.M. , Mamat M.H. , Najwa S. , Mazwan M. , Ameera N. , Musa M.Z. , Rusop Mohamad
Published: November 2013

Nickel (Ni) / indium tin oxide (ITO) nanostructures were deposited on silicon (111) substrate by RF magnetron sputtering using a nickel target and metallic alloy target (In-Sn, 90%-10%). The post-deposition annealing has been done for Ni/ITO films in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the surface morphology of ITO films was studied. It has been found that the annealing temperatures increase the film surface roughness in Ni/ITO structure. At annealing temperature of 600°C, AFM analysis reveals the highest root mean square roughness, peak to valley and thickness value of 2.598 nm, 59.115 nm, and 11.358 nm, respectively. Watershed analysis on AFM images show that the numbers of grain boundaries in Ni/ITO are reduced when annealing temperature is increased to higher temperatures.
The Optical and Electrical Properties of CdSe Nanoparticles
Authors: Rosmani C.H. , Zainurul A.Z. , Rusop M. , Abdullah S.
Published: November 2013

The electrical properties of Cadmium Selenium (CdSe) nanoparticles were measured by using I-V characteristic under illumination of light (AM 1.5, 100mWcm-2) at room temperature. The cadmium chloride (CdCI) as the Cd precursor and selenium (Se) powder as the Se precursor. In this research, the surface profiler was used to know the thickness of CdSe nanoparticles on the glass substrate. The thickness was used to know the energy band gap by using Tauc plot. The optical properties was measured by using Photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature. The energy band gap for 20 min ,30 min ,40 min and 50 min were 4.25 eV, 4.22 eV, 4.09 eV, and 4.21 eV.
Raman Spectroscopy Study of Carbon Nanotubes Prepared at Different Deposition Temperature Using Camphor Oil as a Precursor
Authors: Salifairus M.J. , Shamsudin M.S. , Maryam M. , Rusop Mohamad
Published: November 2013

The aim of this study is to engage a basic understanding of the information micro-Raman spectroscopy may yield when this characterization tool is applied to carbon nanotubes. All collective vibrations that occur in crystals can be viewed as the superposition of plane waves, called phonons, that virtually propagate to infinity. The two dominant Raman features are the radial breathing mode at low frequencies, the tangential G band and the D band multi-feature at higher frequencies. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were formed by double furnace chemical vapor deposition. This method was based on the pyrolysis of liquid aerosols containing hydrocarbons as carbon source (camphor oil), ferrocene as the catalyst source and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The samples were prepared by placing the carbon precursor on the alumina boat into the first furnace which contains the catalyst source at different alumina boat heated at 200 °C and passed through the deposition furnace. The deposition furnace was heated at 500-900°C for 1 hour depositing CNT without annealing treatment. Then, the samples were characterized using micro-Raman spectrometer obtaining the carbon G and D peaks around 1580 cm1 and 1350 cm1 respectively and the image of the CNT produced were obtained from field emission scanning electron microscope and high resolution transmission electron microscope. Keywords: micro-Raman spectroscopy, Carbon nanotubes, Camphor oil
A Review of Potential of Antioxidant Properties Using Polygonum minus
Authors: Nadzirah Abu Samah , Rusop Mahmood , Noriham A.
Published: November 2013

In recent years much attention has been devoted to natural antioxidant which has shown health benefits to human. Most researchers propose that two-thirds of thirds of the worlds plant species have a medicinal value and a great antioxidant potential. Polygonum minus or kesum is a traditional Malaysian plant used as flavoring agent and recommended for digestive disorders as well as stomach pain. The leaves are often eaten fresh as a vegetable (salad and ulam), especially among the Malay communities for preventive health care. There is a several researchers have been reported that P. minus contains a high level of antioxidant activities. Therefore, P. minus was seen to have a potential and interesting plant for antioxidant evaluation. The aim of this study is to represent previous studies that have been conducted on P. minus for antioxidant activities and also to suggest a method to enhanced antioxidant activities using nanotechnology.
Self-Catalyzed Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposited ZnO Nanotetrapods
Authors: Shariffudin Shafinaz Sobihana , Herman Sukreen Hana , Rusop Mohamad
Published: November 2013

ZnO in various nanostructures forms have been widely studied for the application such as in solar cells, light emitting diodes, UV sensors and so on. In this paper, we have successfully deposited ZnO nanotetrapods using thermal chemical vapour deposition (TCVD) technique on layer-by-layer ZnO seeded catalyst, with Zn powder and O2 gas as source materials. We demonstrate that by using double furnace TCVD system, ZnO nanotetrapods can be deposited at lower temperature than the vapour temperature of the Zn powder. In this paper we report the effect of different deposition temperature (450 °C to 600 °C) on the surface morphologies, crystalline structure and optical properties of the ZnO nanotetrapods. FE-SEM micrographs show that the length of the nanotetrapods arms decreases with the increase of the deposition temperature. PL spectra show that the visible emission are very low compared to the UV emission which indicates that the ZnO tetrapod have very low intrinsic defect. The highest UV emission intensity is given by the sample deposited at 500 °C.
Field Electron Emission of MWCNTs/PEO Composites
Authors: Benkara Mohammed Nadjima , Md. Nor Roslan , Benouattas Noureddine
Published: November 2013

Electron field emission properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) thin films composites with (5%, 15%, 25%, 33%, 40% and 50 % loading of MWCNTs) were investigated. JE curved were measured and modeled according to FowlerNordheim theory. Sample with 33% MWCNTs loading showed the best results with the turn on and threshold fields of 7.66 V/μm and 9.72 V/μm respectively. With 15% MWCNTs loading, the highest enhancement factor of 1509 was observed. Excellent current stability, for the duration of about 34 min was observed for all samples. Raman spectroscopy analysis showed a good matrix/filler interaction and thermogravimetric analysis indicated that thermal degradation of the composites occurred in two stages.
Effect of Concentrated ENR on ENR/Si Masterbatch
Authors: Aziz Azira Abd. , Abdullah Nurul Suhaira , Jaswan Manroshan Singh , Mustapha Kamal Singh , Kamal Mazlina Mustapha
Published: November 2013

This paper discusses the improvement of properties of ENR/Si composites by using concentrated ENR without using any chemical modification on the silica or latex. The composite showed a stronger reinforcing ability without addition of coupling agents. The ENR matrix reinforced the rubber by increasing the compatibility between rubber matrix and silica. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were performed to study the composites topology. The importance of this study is to prepare masterbatch containing ENR reinforced with Si for tyre processing industry. This masterbatch can be use directly for tyre processing compared to the conventional method.
Thin Film Thickness and Uniformity Measurement for Lab-on-Chip Based Nanoelectrode Biosensor Development
Authors: Sharma Rao Balakrishnan , Hashim Uda , Adam Tijjani
Published: November 2013

One of the advantages of silicon substrate over other semiconductor substrate is the high temperature process capability of the silicon. In this work, silicon wafer is used for thermal processing which involves many high temperature processes such as oxidation and deposition. Thin films on the wafer surface are investigated for its thickness and uniformity. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is initially grown using wet oxidation method and characterized for its thickness using FilmetricsSpectrometer. The thickness of SiO2 achieved is less than 300nm. Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) is then deposited by sputter method and its thickness is measured at 210 nm. For the electrode, polysilicon (PolySi) is deposited using Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD) process. Silane (SiH4) is used as the source forPolySi deposition and the thickness is measured at 160nm. Standard deviation is calculated based on the layer thickness and the uniformity is checked across 5 points on the wafer. Hence, it is very important to have a uniform layer across the wafer surface for a defect free device and at the same time it protects the sensitivity of the sensor.
A Belt-Like Superfine Film Fabricated by Bubble-Electrospinning
Authors: Dou Hao , Zuo Bao Qi
Published: November 2013

A belt-like superfine silk fibroin film was prepared via bubble-electrospinning from aqueous silk fibroin solution at concentration 15%. The morphology of film structures were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average width was 1.17 micronmeters and the thickness was 377 nanometers.
Research on Multivariate Stream Line Inter-Relevant Successive Trees
Authors: Huo Lin , Hu Liang Qing , Jiang Yi Lin
Published: November 2013

The effect of the Stream line Inter-relevant Successive Trees (SIRST) is great in the field of text search. In this paper, the binary SIRST will be extended to a ternary one. Whats more, we propose the method of calculating the K of K-ary SIRST. Finally, a sliding window retrieval algorithm is proposed. Experimental results show that the K-ary SIRST is more efficient than the binary one in the mass of information retrieval, and sliding window search algorithm is more efficient than the normal one.
The Research on Abnormal Signal Retrieval Methods for Differences Equipments under the Framework of Large-Scale Internet of Things
Authors: Li Lian Tian
Published: November 2013

This paper proposes an abnormal signal retrieval method for differences equipments in Internet of Things (IOT) based on Signal Fusion Technology. It elaborates on the fusion rules for communication signal of underlying devices, according to which describes the conditions need to be met when abnormal signal of the underlying devices in IOT is fused. Laplace energy and weighting algorithm are adopted to fuse abnormal signals of the underlying multi-device in IOT in order to achieve fusion detection for abnormal signal. Experimental results show that the algorithm can greatly improve the efficiency of detecting abnormal signal.
Nonlinear Regression Analysis for Programming and Engineering Application
Authors: Qi Qing Lan , Zhang Shao Xiong
Published: November 2013

Aiming at the calculating the flow of cutthroat flume in Hydraulic Engineering, the test data is processed through the nonlinear regression analysis program which is based on the principle of least square method. With 33 equations of various functions including linear, power function curve and exponential curve to be selected as the mathematical model, the regression analysis is taken through 33 equations. Comparing the regression coefficient from analysis, the optimal mathematical model is selected as the empirical formula, which has great significance in guiding the practical engineering.
Heave Compensation Control for Ocean Vessel
Authors: Shao Cheng , Wang Meng
Published: November 2013

Heave compensation Control is usually used in vessels for offshore and deep-sea operations to reduce the adverse impact of unexpected vertical motion. This paper presents a control strategy for an active heave compensation system consisting of an electro-hydraulic system driven by a double rod actuator, which is subjected to parametric uncertainties and unmeasured wave disturbances. An adaptive robust controller is designed to guarantee the heave compensation error convergent to a bounded neighborhood around the origin. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system.
Optimizing the Algorithm of FECG Separation from MECG Based on ICA Rationale
Authors: Zhou Heng Yan , Xu Yu Cong , Luo Yu Xi , Gao Yu Bao
Published: November 2013

The study presents a method to separate the fetal electrocardiograph (FECG) from concomitant maternal electrocardiograph (MECG) by using Fast Independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm of Blind Signal Separation. Current methods of extracting fetal ECG have defects and drawbacks. Traditional ICA method has a persistent problem that the signal of FECG extracted from MECG was always mixed with the signal of MECG in diverse levels, and the order of MECG and FECG is uncertain, resulting in the decrease of its rate of convergence. To improve the rate of convergence, this research adopts Fast ICA algorithm. Experimental results indicate that this method is useful for extracting the fetal signal of ECG. And a satisfactory signal to noise ratio (SNR) is obtained.
Identification of Dangerous Driving Behaviors Based on Neural Network and Bayesian Filter
Authors: Xu Yuan Xin
Published: November 2013

Identification and amendment dangerous driving behavior timely and accurately is a necessary means to reduce traffic accidents. This paper proposed a dangerous driving behavior identification method based on neural network and Bayesian filter. By using vehicle-mounted radars and cameras obtain movement state information of the vehicles around the host vehicle and lane line distance data, on the basis of which, the identification model is established. Then evaluate model performance by the real data. The test results show that after the correction of neural network output by Bayesian filter, the model accuracy has a sharp rise.
Lettuce Images Features Extraction and Intelligent Classification of Growth Period
Authors: Wang Yan , Sun Jun , Wang Hong Li , Dai Ze Gao , Lv Wen Xia
Published: November 2013

Classification of lettuce growth peroid is the premise of records of lettuce growth information. In this study, lettuce images in every growth period are collected. And visible images are preprocessed to extract features to establish initial feature library of lettuce images. Through R cluster analysis on many features, good image eigenvector are obtained. Classification of the lettuce samples are obtained by modeling and analysis of the neural networks. The experimental classification results compared with practical classification results, the recognition accuracy is up to 88.4%.
Key Techniques and Performance Analysis of Solar Electric Automobile
Authors: Chen Ding Yue , Chen Li Hao , Bao Jian Chao , Guo Zhao , Tian Feng
Published: November 2013

The energy crisis and environmental pollution are two big problems that today's world facing. Solar electric automobile will have great significance for solving the energy crisis and environmental pollution. This article from the main advantages of solar electric vehicles start, elaborated the basic structure, working principle, key technology and the problem need to solve of solar electric vehicle, to provide reference for the future research and development.
Study on Computer Network Application Layer Fault Diagnosis Based on RSNN
Authors: Yang Qiu Jing
Published: November 2013

To solve the problem of fault diagnose of computer network application layer, the design of a neural network fault diagnosis system based on rough sets becomes possible. Details the structure of system, the structure of the rough set neural network and training method , and the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by computer simulation.
Task Scheduling Mechanism Based on Multi-QoS Genetic Algorithm in Cloud Data Center
Authors: Wang De Wen , Liu Yang
Published: November 2013

A multi-QoS evaluation model for electric power users is defined, combined with the characteristics of data center in electric power corporation, based on the research of cloud computing platform of data center in electric power corporation and task scheduling strategies of cloud data center. And a genetic algorithm based on multi-QoS, which fitness functions are QoS utility value and completion time, is put forward. Tests in Cloudsim platform and the result shows that the genetic algorithm based on multi-QoS can satisfy the requirements of multi-QoS of electric power users and improve the operating efficiency of data center in electric power corporation.
Model Design of Self-Service Intelligent Resource Management System Based on Cloud Platform
Authors: Huang Guo Quan , Guo Sui Xun , Xiong Wei
Published: November 2013

The resources construction under the cloud platform should be considered a full range from resource integration and virtualization, resource sharing, resource elastic scalability and user interaction. This paper first analyzes the present situation of resource management based on cloud platform, points out the existing problems and shortcomings of the resource management platform . On this basis, proposed the establishment of an open, interactive, self-service intelligent resource management system model, which consists of three functional modules of organic composition.
Modeling and Simulation of Standard II Missiles Intercepting a Low Target
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Shi Gai , Lei Jun Wei
Published: November 2013

Based on linear simplification method, the mathematical model of standard II missile and target is built. The command control equation and guidance law are introduced to compute the trajectory of standard II missile and targets. The interception of low flying target with standard II missile is modeled and simulated with computer program. It studied different situations that the velocity and height of target varies. The numerical simulation result is proposed and analyzed, which is meaningful for the research of anti-missile defense.
Database Design on English Learning Resources Website Based on Oracle
Authors: Li Yan Ming , Wang Li Feng
Published: November 2013

Traditional English classroom teaching can't meet the needs of the modern information society, the development of English learning resources website is extension and expansion of traditional English teaching. Database design is the basis and prerequisite for the website construction, this paper studies the Oracle database management system under the support of database design. First of all, based on the need analysis to design concept structure, and through the E-R model to express the design results; Finally, the characters, Numbers, time, large object and other five kinds of data type selection Then, on the basis of the clear logical structure design principles to design logical structure; In this paper, the research content, for the development of English learning resources website provides a feasible solution, has the vital significance to the English teaching reform, improve the quality of English teaching.
Carbon Fiber Multilayer Loom Let off the Mathematical Model of Control System
Authors: Wang Hua Qing , Yang Jian Cheng , Yang Kai , Qin Jian Feng , Bai Yu , Hu Shuang Hu , Jiang Xiu Ming
Published: November 2013

Let-off system application of computer and electronic technology, may at any time adjust the loom is likely to change in the process of weaving yarn tension and density, thus improve the quality of the fabric. In this paper, based on the study of the function of the let-off motion, let-off servo control system is established the mathematical model of the warp beam unwinding; According to the carbon fiber Angle of multilayer union loom warp tension requirement, design a set of tension compensation device,and established the mathematical model of back rest. Easy and convenient, the whole control system has better reliability and real-time performance.
Research on XML Data Mining Model Based on Multi-Level Technology
Authors: Zhu Jian Xin
Published: November 2013

The era of Web 2.0 has been coming, and more and more Web 2.0 application, such social networks and Wikipedia, have come up. As an industrial standard of the Web 2.0, the XML technique has also attracted more and more researchers. However, how to mine value information from massive XML documents is still in its infancy. In this paper, we study the basic problem of XML data mining-XML data mining model. We design a multi-level XML data mining model, propose a multi-level data mining method, and list some research issues in the implementation of XML data mining systems.
Traffic Flow Data Collection and Signal Control System Based on Internet of Things and Cloud Computing
Authors: Ding Hui Jie
Published: November 2013

As more and more cars are in service, the traffic jam becomes a serious problem in our society. At the same time, more and more sensors make the cars more and more intelligent, and this promotes the development of Internet of things. Real time monitoring the cars will produce massive sensing data, the Cloud computing gives us a good manner to solve this problem. In this paper, we propose a traffic flow data collection and traffic signal control system based on Internet of things and the Cloud computing. The proposed system contains two main parts, sensing data collection and traffic status control subsystem.
A Practical Data Security Protection Technology
Authors: Fang Ze Nan , Zhou Jian Ming , Zhang Jing Song
Published: November 2013

While the flash becomes main data storage medium, user authentication is normally used as the most important method to safeguard the securities of the data. But ii could do nothing to prevent illegal copies of legitimate users and illegal hard copies. This paper introduces a new type of data security protection technology. A method of generating special character code was first proposed. The code is regarded as the flash identity. The authentication of that identity can be applied to effectively recognize the illegal data copies and protect the data security.
Directed Flooding Routing Algorithm Based on Location in DTN
Authors: Yu Geng , Huang Fu Jie
Published: November 2013

. In allusion to the high delay, restricted nodes resources and lack of persistent end to end connections in Delay /Disruption Tolerant Networks ( DTN) ,this paper proposes a novel directed flooding routing algorithm based on location information. The algorithm combines DTN with the known nodes locations in communication channel to improve the DTN networks topology knowledge to reduce the noneffective duplicate,then conducts single duplicate routing depending on location. The algorithm can increase the directivity and purposiveness of message transmission, decrease the consumption of networks resources, and thereby reduce propagation delay and improve the delivery ratio. The simulation shows that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective, and it is superior to the typical DTN routing algorithms such as Epidemic Routing.
A Study on the Algorithm of Fault Information Automatic Detection for High-Precision Intelligent Instruments
Authors: Huang Chun Ping
Published: November 2013

Due to the complex structure, high frequency of occurrence of the fault signal and the short cycle, it is difficult to form long lasting identifiable characteristics for intelligent instruments. The traditional fault detected model is difficult to effectively extract short fault signal, and unable to form meaningful fault recognition model, resulting in difficulties in the detection. In order to solve these problems, this paper presents a mining method for fault symptoms of the intelligent instruments based on the neural network model. The method uses the fault characteristic of the intelligent instrument as its basic data, according which to build neural network model in order to realize fault mining. The experiment results show that the proposed method can instantly detect the failure of the intelligent instruments, according to which the treatment can be carried out rapidly and accurately to ensure the performance of the instruments.