bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of provisional resin cements on the color and retentive strength of all-ceramic restorations cemented on customized zirconia abutments
Authors: Dehno Seyede Mina Salehi , Giti Rashin , Kalantari Mohammad Hassan , Mohammadi Farhad
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two types of provisional resin cements on the color and retentive strength of two different all-ceramic restorations cemented onto customized zirconia abutments. Forty-two crowns were made of monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics (n = 21 per group) and cemented on customized zirconia abutments by using two provisional resin cements of TempBond Clear and Implantlink Semi, and TempBond serving as the control (n = 7 per cement subgroup). The specimens’ color was measured before and after cementation and after thermocycling. The color difference was calculated by using CIEDE2000 formula (ΔE00). The tensile force was applied to assess the retentive strength. Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn’s post-hoc, and Mann-Whitney non-parametric tests were used to compare ΔE00(1) and ΔE00(2) and two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test and T-test were used to compare retentive strength between subgroups. In the lithium disilicate group, ΔE00 of the control subgroup (TempBond) was significantly higher than that of Implantlink Semi cements subgroup (P = 0.001). But, in the monolithic zirconia group, ΔE00 of the control subgroup (TempBond) was significantly higher than that of Implantlink Semi (P = 0.020) and TempBond Clear cements (P = 0.007). In the monolithic zirconia group, the control subgroup (TempBond) was significantly more retentive than TempBond Clear (P = 0.003) and Implantlink Semi cement (P = 0.001). However, in the lithium disilicate group, Implantlink Semi cement was significantly more retentive than TempBond Clear (P = 0.019) and TempBond (control) (P = 0.001). The final color of both restorations was significantly affected by the provisional resin cement type. The retentive strength was influenced by both the type of cement and ceramic.
Assessing the quality of RNA isolated from human breast tissue after ambient room temperature exposure
Authors: Somiari Stella B. , Shuss Susan , Liu Jianfang , Mamula Kimberly , O’Donnell Amy , Deyarmin Brenda , Kane Jennifer , Greenawalt Amber , Larson Caroline , Rigby Sean , Hu Hai , Shriver Craig D.
Published: January 2022

High quality human tissue is essential for molecular research, but pre-analytical conditions encountered during tissue collection could degrade tissue RNA. We evaluated how prolonged exposure of non-diseased breast tissue to ambient room temperature (22±1°C) impacted RNA quality. Breast tissue received between 70 to 190 minutes after excision was immediately flash frozen (FF) or embedded in Optimal Cutting Temperature (OCT) compound upon receipt (T0). Additional breast tissue pieces were further exposed to increments of 60 (T1 = T0+60 mins), 120 (T2 = T0+120 mins) and 180 (T3 = T0+180 mins) minutes of ambient room temperature before processing into FF and OCT. Total exposure, T3 (T0+180 mins) ranged from 250 minutes to 370 minutes. All samples (FF and OCT) were stored at -80°C before RNA isolation. The RNA quality assessment based on RNA Integrity Number (RIN) showed RINs for both FF and OCT samples were within the generally acceptable range (mean 7.88±0.90 to 8.52±0.66). No significant difference was observed when RIN at T0 was compared to RIN at T1, T2 and T3 (FF samples, p = 0.43, 0.56, 0.44; OCT samples, p = 0.25, 0.82, 1.0), or when RIN was compared between T1, T2 and T3. RNA quality assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of beta-actin (ACTB), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), cyclophilin A (CYPA), and porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) transcripts showed threshold values (Ct) that indicate abundant and intact target nucleic acid in all samples (mean ranging from 14.1 to 25.3). The study shows that higher RIN values were obtained for non-diseased breast tissue up to 190 minutes after resection and prior to stabilization. Further experimental exposure up to 180 minutes had no significant effect on RIN values. This study strengthens the rationale for assessing RIN and specific gene transcript levels as an objective method for determining how suitable RNA will be for a specific research purpose (“fit-for purpose”).
The importance of body composition assessment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma by bioelectrical impedance analysis in lenvatinib treatment
Authors: Yamaoka Kenji , Kodama Kenichiro , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Kosaka Masanari , Johira Yusuke , Shirane Yuki , Miura Ryoichi , Yano Shigeki , Murakami Serami , Amioka Kei , Naruto Kensuke , Ando Yuwa , Kosaka Yumi , Uchikawa Shinsuke , Uchida Takuro , Fujino Hatsue , Nakahara Takashi , Murakami Eisuke , Okamoto Wataru , Yamauchi Masami , Miki Daiki , Imamura Michio , Takahashi Shoichi , Nagao Akiko , Chayama Kazuaki , Aikata Hiroshi
Published: January 2022

Background and aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body composition before lenvatinib treatment and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We also assessed the relationship between the rate of change in body composition after lenvatinib treatment and prognosis.

Methods

Eighty-one patients with advanced HCC who were treated with lenvatinib were enrolled. We assessed prognosis, various clinical data, body composition parameters obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and handgrip strength.

Results

Multivariate analysis showed that an extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) ≤ 0.400 at treatment initiation was associated with longer overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and post-progression survival (PPS) (OS: hazard ratio [H0R], 4.72; 95% CI, 12.03–11.00; P < 0.001; PFS: HR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.33–5.34; P = 0.0057; PPS: HR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.32–7.18; P = 0.0093). Multivariate analysis also showed that the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) of the arm at treatment initiation was associated with a longer PFS (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.23–3.64; P = 0.0069). In the group with an ECW/TBW ≤ 0.400 before lenvatinib treatment, univariate analysis showed that the rate of change in only the arm SMI was associated with a longer OS and PFS.

Conclusion

Body composition assessment by BIA before and after lenvatinib treatment is useful in predicting prognosis in lenvatinib-treated patients with HCC.
Platelet surface receptor glycoprotein VI-dimer is overexpressed in stroke: The Glycoprotein VI in Stroke (GYPSIE) study results
Authors: Induruwa Isuru , McKinney Harriet , Kempster Carly , Thomas Patrick , Batista Joana , Malcor Jean-Daniel , Bonna Arkadiusz , McGee Joanne , Bumanlag-Amis Elaine , Rehnstrom Karola , Ashford Sophie , Soejima Kenji , Ouwehand Willem , Farndale Richard , Downes Kate , Warburton Elizabeth , Moroi Masaaki , Jung Stephanie
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Platelet activation underpins thrombus formation in ischemic stroke. The active, dimeric form of platelet receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI plays key roles by binding platelet ligands collagen and fibrin, leading to platelet activation. We investigated whether patients presenting with stroke expressed more GPVI on their platelet surface and had more active circulating platelets as measured by platelet P-selectin exposure.

Methods

129 ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients were recruited within 8h of symptom onset. Whole blood was analyzed for platelet-surface expression of total GPVI, GPVI-dimer, and P-selectin by flow cytometry at admission and day-90 post-stroke. Results were compared against a healthy control population (n = 301).

Results

The platelets of stroke patients expressed significantly higher total GPVI and GPVI-dimer (P<0.0001) as well as demonstrating higher resting P-selectin exposure (P<0.0001), a measure of platelet activity, compared to the control group, suggesting increased circulating platelet activation. GPVI-dimer expression was strongly correlated circulating platelet activation [r2 = 0.88, P<0.0001] in stroke patients. Furthermore, higher platelet surface GPVI expression was associated with increased stroke severity at admission. At day-90 post-stroke, GPVI-dimer expression and was further raised compared to the level at admission (P<0.0001) despite anti-thrombotic therapy. All ischemic stroke subtypes and hemorrhagic strokes expressed significantly higher GPVI-dimer compared to controls (P<0.0001).

Conclusions

Stroke patients express more GPVI-dimer on their platelet surface at presentation, lasting at least until day-90 post-stroke. Small molecule GPVI-dimer inhibitors are currently in development and the results of this study validate that GPVI-dimer as an anti-thrombotic target in ischemic stroke.
Integration of gene co-expression analysis and multi-class SVM specifies the functional players involved in determining the fate of HTLV-1 infection toward the development of cancer (ATLL) or neurological disorder (HAM/TSP)
Authors: Zarei Ghobadi Mohadeseh , Emamzadeh Rahman
Published: January 2022

Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is an oncovirus that may cause two main life-threatening diseases including a cancer type named Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) and a neurological and immune disturbance known as HTLV-1 Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP). However, a large number of the infected subjects remain as asymptomatic carriers (ACs). There is no comprehensive study that determines which dysregulated genes differentiate the pathogenesis routes toward ATLL or HAM/TSP. Therefore, two main algorithms including weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) and multi-class support vector machines (SVM) were utilized to find major gene players in each condition. WGCNA was used to find the highly co-regulated genes and multi-class SVM was employed to identify the most important classifier genes. The identified modules from WGCNA were validated in the external datasets. Furthermore, to find specific modules for ATLL and HAM/TSP, the non-preserved modules in another condition were found. In the next step, a model was constructed by multi-class SVM. The results revealed 467, 3249, and 716 classifiers for ACs, ATLL, and HAM/TSP, respectively. Eventually, the common genes between the WGCNA results and classifier genes resulted from multi-class SVM that also determined as differentially expressed genes, were identified. Through these step-wise analyses, PAIP1, BCAS2, COPS2, CTNNB1, FASLG, GTPBP1, HNRNPA1, RBBP6, TOP1, SLC9A1, JMY, PABPC3, and PBX1 were found as the possible critical genes involved in the progression of ATLL. Moreover, FBXO9, ZNF526, ERCC8, WDR5, and XRCC3 were identified as the conceivable major involved genes in the development of HAM/TSP. These genes can be proposed as specific biomarker candidates and therapeutic targets for each disease.
Quality of life of patients with rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: The biopsychosocial path
Authors: Guaracha-Basáñez Guillermo A. , Contreras-Yáñez Irazú , Hernández-Molina Gabriela , Estrada-González Viviana A. , Pacheco-Santiago Lexli D. , Valverde-Hernández Salvador S. , Galindo-Donaire José Roberto , Peláez-Ballestas Ingris , Pascual-Ramos Virginia
Published: January 2022

Background

Previous models that assess quality-of-Life (QoL) in patients with rheumatic diseases have a strong biomedical focus. We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 related-health care interruption (HCI) on the physical, psychological, social relationships and environment QoL-dimensions, and explored factors associated with QoL when patients were reincorporated to the outpatient clinic, and after six-month follow-up.

Patients and methods

Study phase-1 consisted of a COVID-19 survey administered from June 24th-October 31st 2020, to outpatients with rheumatic diseases who had face-to-face consultation at outpatient clinic reopening. Study phase-2 consisted of 3 consecutive assessments of patient´s QoL (WHOQOL-BREF), disease activity/severity (RAPID-3), and psychological comorbidity/trauma (DASS-21 and IES-R) to patients from phase-1 randomly selected. Sociodemographic, disease and treatment-related information, and comorbidities were obtained. Multiple linear regression analysis identified factors associated with the score assigned to each WHOQOL-BREF dimension.

Results

Patients included (670 for phase-1 and 276 for phase-2), had primarily SLE and RA (44.2% and 34.1%, respectively), and all the dimensions of their WHOQOL-BREF were affected. There were 145 patients (52.5%) who referred HCI, and they had significantly lower dimensions scores (but the environment dimension score). Psycho-emotional factors (primarily feeling confused, depression and anxiety), sociodemographic factors (age, COVID-19 negative economic impact, years of scholarship, HCI and having a job), and biomedical factors (RAPID-3 score and corticosteroid use) were associated with baseline QoL dimensions scores. Psycho-emotional factors showed the strongest magnitude on dimensions scores. Most consistent predictor of six-month follow-up QoL dimensions scores was each corresponding baseline dimension score, while social determinants (years of scholarship and having a job), emotional factors (feeling bored), and biomedical aspects (RAPID 3) had an additional impact.

Conclusions

HCI impacted the majority of patient´s QoL dimensions. Psycho-emotional, sociodemographic and biomedical factors were consistently associated with QoL dimensions scores, and these consistently predicted the QoL trajectory.
Revealing spatio-temporal dynamics with long-term trypanosomatid live-cell imaging
Authors: Muniz Richard S. , Campbell Paul C. , Sladewski Thomas E. , Renner Lars D. , de Graffenried Christopher L.
Published: January 2022

Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis, is highly motile and must be able to move in all three dimensions for reliable cell division. These characteristics make long-term microscopic imaging of liveT.bruceicells challenging, which has limited our understanding of important cellular events. To address this issue, we devised an imaging approach that confines cells in small volumes within cast agarose microwells that can be imaged continuously for up to 24 h. IndividualT.bruceicells were imaged through multiple rounds of cell division with high spatial and temporal resolution. We developed a strategy that employs in-well “sentinel” cells to monitor potential imaging toxicity during loss-of-function experiments such as small-molecule inhibition and RNAi. Using our approach, we show that the asymmetric daughter cells produced duringT.bruceidivision subsequently divide at different rates, with the old-flagellum daughter cell dividing first. The flagellar detachment phenotype that appears during inhibition of the Polo-like kinase homolog TbPLK occurs in a stepwise fashion, with the new flagellum initially linked by its tip to the old, attached flagellum. We probe the feasibility of a previously proposed “back-up” cytokinetic mechanism and show that cells that initiate this process do not appear to complete cell division. This live-cell imaging method will provide a novel avenue for studying a wide variety of cellular events in trypanosomatids that have previously been inaccessible.
Functional analysis of ADARs in planarians supports a bilaterian ancestral role in suppressing double-stranded RNA-response
Authors: Bar Yaacov Dan
Published: January 2022

ADARs (adenosine deaminases acting on RNA) are known for their adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing activity, and most recently, for their role in preventing aberrant dsRNA-response by activation of dsRNA sensors (i.e., RIG-I-like receptor homologs). However, it is still unclear whether suppressing spurious dsRNA-response represents the ancestral role of ADARs in bilaterians. As a first step to address this question, we identified ADAR1 and ADAR2 homologs in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, which is evolutionarily distant from canonical lab models (e.g., flies and nematodes). Our results indicate that knockdown of either planarian adar1 or adar2 by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in upregulation of dsRNA-response genes, including three planarian rig-I-like receptor (prlr) homologs. Furthermore, independent knockdown of adar1 and adar2 reduced the number of infected cells with a dsRNA virus, suggesting they suppress a bona fide anti-viral dsRNA-response activity. Knockdown of adar1 also resulted in lesion formation and animal lethality, thus attesting to its essentiality. Simultaneous knockdown of adar1 and prlr1 rescued adar1(RNAi)-dependent animal lethality and rescued the dsRNA-response, suggesting that it contributes to the deleterious effect of adar1 knockdown. Finally, we found that ADAR2, but not ADAR1, mediates mRNA editing in planarians, suggesting at least in part non-redundant activities for planarians ADARs. Our results underline the essential role of ADARs in suppressing activation of harmful dsRNA-response in planarians, thus supporting it as their ancestral role in bilaterians. Our work also set the stage to study further and better understand the regulatory mechanisms governing anti-viral dsRNA-responses from an evolutionary standpoint using planarians as a model.
On task: De-Limit, dance and the performance of menial action
Authors: Cross David
Published: January 2022

Reflecting on a specific case study commissioned for the 2020 Keir Choreographic Awards in Australia, this text investigates how the work De-Limit sought to negotiate the relationship between menial, process-driven labour and dance/installation art. Developed as a collaboration between dance maker Alison Currie and visual artist David Cross, the work interrogated how Walter Benjamin’s and Martin Heidegger’s ideas on boredom and suspended time, respectively, might offer new considerations of task-based practice. This study specifically seeks to test key thresholds in relation to task-orientated discourse with the insertion of a series of counter-moments informed by Freud’s thinking around the uncanny. Playing with ideas of staging and set making at the intersection of art and dance, this text also seeks to interrogate how the building of an art installation offers a frame in which to understand dance and its assorted modalities in different ways. De-Limit slips between functional and abstract, exploring live action as an unstable liminal space between labour and performance.
Talking together about Écoles des Sables: Alesandra Seutin and Jonathan Burrows with Lee Miller
Authors: Seutin Alesandra , Burrows Jonathan , Miller Lee
Published: January 2022

An evening in early November 2021, Lee met with Alesandra and Jonathan to discuss a series of workshops undertaken at École des Sables, Senegal. What emerged from this conversation was a discussion of the need to interrogate how things are done in an attempt to effect change.
Podcasting as an opportunity to recover and renew the audio feature genre in Spanish: A case study of Cuonda and Podium Podcast
Authors: Legorburu José M. , Edo Concha , García-González Aurora
Published: January 2022

Starting from the analysis of the programmes and the production strategies of two of the biggest podcast platforms in Spanish (Cuonda and Podium Podcast), this research explores in depth how the rise of this format for distributing audio content is playing a key role in recovering and renewing the audio feature genre. This type of content, in disuse in speech-based radio broadcasting in recent decades, has ended up being strategic for new platforms, as it combines investigative journalism with aesthetic and narrative resources usually associated with radio drama, such as seriality, recreations and the design of sound atmospheres.
Telling stories in soundspace: Placement, embodiment and authority in immersive audio journalism
Authors: Wincott Abigail , Martin Jean , Richards Ivor
Published: January 2022

There has been an increase in the use of immersive or spatialized audio formats for radio and podcast journalism. Immersion is used to put audiences at the heart of a story, enable richer experiences and encourage empathy with others, but it can disrupt the ‘grammar’ of broadcast formats and the codes that structure the relationship between audience, journalist and story. Immersive journalism research has not tackled the impact on audio-only storytelling, and the lack of research by and for audio journalists means programme-makers have until now lacked a conceptual framework and terminology to describe how space is constructed in immersive audio, the creative and editorial choices available and their effects. This article, based on analysis of immersive output and interviews with those who produce it, critically examines the differences between mono/stereo space and immersive audio space and argues they are not only a matter of aesthetics or comfort, but communicate differential authority over the story and merit further attention when journalists are trained in immersive audio.
El traductor es un trabajador como otro cualquiera…, y es muy importante que no esté solo
Authors: Gallego Urrutia María Teresa
Published: January 2022

María Teresa Gallego Urrutia nació en Madrid en el año 1943. Realizó sus estudios en el Liceo francés de Madrid y fue allí donde se licenció en Filología Moderna Francesa años más tarde por la Universidad Complutense. Su andadura por la traducción literaria comenzó en 1961 y, desde entonces y hasta el momento, ha traducido alrededor de 200 obras de los autores franceses y francófonos más destacados. Encontramos entre ellos a Albert Camus, Honoré de Balzac, Víctor Hugo o Marcel Proust. En el año 1974, obtuvo la cátedra de francés del Instituto Gregorio Marañón de Madrid. Por su trayectoria como traductora ha recibido numerosos reconocimientos, entre los que podemos nombrar el Premio Nacional de Traducción de Lenguas Románicas por El diario de un ladrón de Jean Genet en 1977 y el premio Stendhal por Impresiones de África de Raymond Roussel, ambos compartidos con Isabel Reverte Cejudo. Además ha recibido la condecoración Ordre des Arts et des Lettres por el Gobierno francés en el año 2003 y, cinco años más tarde, recibió el Premio Nacional a la obra de un traductor. En el año 2011 recibió el premio Mots Passants que concede el Departamento de francés de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona por su traducción de El horizonte de Patrick Modiano. Finalmente, en 2003 recibió el premio Esther Benítez por su traducción de La señora Bovary de Gustave Flaubert.

Aunque dio sus primeros pasos en el mundo de la traducción jurídica, María Teresa Gallego Urrutia es una traductora literaria de referencia que nunca ha descuidado su faceta docente. Desde 2008 hasta 2013, impartió clases sobre derecho de propiedad intelectual del traductor en el Instituto de traductores de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Colabora activamente con publicaciones como el Trujamán, del Instituto Cervantes, la revista Turia y Letra Internacional, entre otros.
Se requieren cada vez más intérpretes para trabajar en zonas y situaciones que se derivan de un conflicto
Authors: Ruiz Rosendo Lucía
Published: January 2022

Esta entrevista se desarrolló en el marco del VIII Seminario de Traducción Jurídica e Institucional para Organizaciones Internacionales, celebrado en la Universidad de Salamanca entre el 17 y el 21 de febrero de 2020. La entrevistada había sido invitada para dar una conferencia plenaria titulada «Los intérpretes en zonas y situaciones de conflicto: Contextos institucionales y retos».

Los conflictos armados y, por consiguiente, la mediación lingüística en las zonas y situaciones de conflicto, son omnipresentes en la historia de la humanidad. Los conflictos surgen como respuesta a una amenaza, ya sea como resultado de diferencias entre pueblos y naciones o en medio de una comunidad. Cuando una de las partes no habla la lengua de la otra, es necesario recurrir a algún tipo de mediación lingüística. A pesar de la invisibilidad frecuente de los intérpretes en estas situaciones, su necesidad e importancia es incontestable. A nivel internacional, son muchas las instituciones que recurren a los intérpretes para desempeñar su labor en las zonas de conflicto, tales como la ONU, el CICR (Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja), la CPI (Corte Penal Internacional) o la OTAN, entre otras. En la conferencia, y también en la presente entrevista, se abordaron distintos aspectos relacionados con la profesión del intérprete y la formación en interpretación, en general, y con la interpretación en zonas y situaciones en conflicto, en particular. Se mencionaron los distintos contextos institucionales y perfiles de intérpretes que trabajan en zonas de conflicto. Asimismo, se expusieron los retos a los que se enfrentan, por una parte, los intérpretes en su cometido, y, por otra parte, las instituciones a la hora de contratar a estos intérpretes y de trabajar con ellos.
Hay primeros estudios que indican que se ha trasladado el grueso de la interpretación a la remota
Authors: Jiménez Serrano Óscar
Published: January 2022

Oscar Jiménez habla sobre la situación actual de la interpretación profesional de conferencias y de la disrupción que supone la aplicación masiva de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación. En esta entrevista, llena de interesantes anécdotas, analiza el espacio que ha venido a ocupar la modalidad de la interpretación simultánea remota. También realiza una valoración de las implicaciones que tienen las nuevas tecnologías en la docencia de la interpretación simultánea.
La traducción es una pasión
Authors: Sáenz Miguel
Published: January 2022

Miguel Sáenz, reconocido traductor que ocupa el sillón «b» de la Real Academia Española, comenta de manera distendida en esta entrevista los entresijos de la profesión del traductor (su visibilidad y remuneración, su relación con las editoriales…), así como algunos aspectos de actualidad (el peligro que corren los intérpretes de Afganistán que trabajaron para los españoles, la labor actual de la Academia y la exposición que esta institución organizó en la Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid). Miguel Sáenz no solo hace referencia a su libro Traducción. Dieciocho conferencias nada magistrales y dos discursos, publicado por Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca en 2013, sino que, como suele ser habitual, sus palabras nos invitan a un placentero viaje, acercándonos a figuras históricas y territorios muy alejados, desde la Malinche de Hernán Cortés hasta el Sahara Occidental. De sus palabras se concluye, siguiendo la cita por él mismo aportada, que para Sáenz la traducción es efectivamente un acto de amor.
Emergence of extensively drug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila complex isolated from wild Mugil cephalus (striped mullet) and Mediterranean seawater
Authors: Eid Hamza Mohamed , El-Mahallawy Heba Sayed , Shalaby Amany Mahmoud , Elsheshtawy Hassnaa Mahmoud , Shetewy Mera Mohamed , Eidaroos Nada Hussein
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Antibiotic resistance has been a progressively documented problem, resulting in treatment failure in humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Aeromonas spp. in wild Mugil cephalus and its surrounding seawater along the coastal road of Port Said, Egypt.

Materials and Methods: Specimens were examined bacteriologically, confirmed biochemically, and tested for their sensitivity against 11 antimicrobial agents. Molecular confirmation of the obtained isolates by 16S rRNA was performed, followed by the detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes.

Results: Aeromonas spp. was recovered from fish (44%) and water samples (36%). A. hydrophila was the most prevalent identified strain, followed by Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas schubertii. Moreover, 90% of the tested isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), while 26.67% were XDR. Tested isolates were resistant to β-lactams and sulfonamides (100%), oxytetracycline (90%), and streptomycin (62.22%) but completely susceptible to cefotaxime. XDR isolates successfully amplified resistance genes (blaTEM, sul1, and tetA(A)) but not the (aadA1) gene, although there was phenotypic resistance to streptomycin on plates. All XDR isolates carry the cytotoxic enterotoxin gene (act), but alt gene was detected in only one isolate (12.5%).

Conclusion: Data in this study provide a recent update and highlight the role of wild mullet and seawater as reservoirs for MDR and XDR Aeromonas spp. that may pose a risk to humans as food-borne infection or following direct contact.
Exponential Parsimony to Generate Herd Immunity Against SARS- CoV2 Cybernetically Restricting Doxastic and Desiderative Logics
Authors: Lamothe Mara , Lamothe Nery , Lamothe Daniel , Hernández-Garcia Andres , Castillo Crisanto , Alonso-Altamirano Alejandro , Kuri Salim , Clemente-Herrera Adriana , Lamothe Pedro J.
Published: January 2022

We Hypothesize that It should be intuitively inferred that the behavior of the pandemics corresponds to the prediction of the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution, which is a direct function of population density. In a higher organizational metalevel, it is analogous to the Brownian movement effect, in which the possibility of being observed is determined by the observational power of the instrument. In this case, it corresponds to the sensibility and sensitivity of the probe as well as the prevalence of the arbitrary states. The states are formally considered as a partition in probability theory; both in the Kolmogorov and frequentist approach. All these become subsumed to the Bayes theorem applied to recursive conditional probability.
Fibrosis-4 Index Can Independently Predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Vieira Barbosa Joana , Milligan Scott , Frick Andrew , Broestl Jeremy , Younossi Zobair , Afdhal Nezam , Lai Michelle
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine whether the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) can identify patients with NAFLD at highest risk of cardiovascular events.

METHODS:

We analyzed data from 81,108 patients with (i) a diagnosis of NAFLD, (ii) nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or (iii) at risk (RISK) of NASH. The outcome of interest was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined by myocardial infarction, hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and coronary revascularization.

RESULTS:

The mean age was 62 years, and 49.6% were men. Among 67,273 patients without previous cardiovascular disease, 9,112 (13.5%) experienced MACE over median follow-up of 3 years. In univariate analysis, a FIB-4 ≥2.67 was a significant predictor of MACE overall (hazard ratio [HR] 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63–2.04, P < 0.001) and across all baseline groups. After adjusting for established cardiovascular risk factors, FIB-4 ≥2.67 remained the strongest predictor of MACE overall (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.61–2.02, P < 0.001) and was consistently associated with myocardial infarction (aHR 1.46, 95% CI 1.25–1.70, P < 0.001), hospitalization for unstable angina (aHR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.49, P = 0.025), hospitalization for heart failure (aHR 2.09, 95% CI 1.86–2.35, P < 0.001), coronary artery bypass graft (aHR 1.65, 95% CI 1.26–2.17, P < 0.001), and percutaneous coronary intervention (aHR 1.72, 95% CI 1.21–2.45, P = 0.003).

DISCUSSION:

In a large, real-world cohort of patients with NAFLD, NASH, or at RISK of NASH, the FIB-4 score was the strongest independent predictor of MACE, beyond established cardiovascular risk factors and baseline liver diagnosis.
A Single Fasting Exhaled Methane Level Correlates With Fecal Methanogen Load, Clinical Symptoms and Accurately Detects Intestinal Methanogen Overgrowth
Authors: Takakura Will , Pimentel Mark , Rao Satish , Villanueva-Millan Maria Jesus , Chang Christine , Morales Walter , Sanchez Maritza , Torosyan John , Rashid Mohamad , Hosseini Ava , Wang Jiajing , Leite Gabriela , Kowalewski Edward , Mathur Ruchi , Rezaie Ali
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

A 2-hour breath test is the gold standard for diagnosing intestinal methanogen overgrowth (IMO). This method can be cumbersome especially if used repetitively to monitor treatment response. Therefore, we aimed to assess the reliability of a fasting single methane measurement (SMM) in diagnosing IMO and its utility as a biomarker to monitor treatment response in subjects with IMO.

METHODS:

First, we calculated the test characteristics of SMM compared with lactulose and glucose breath test in 2 large-scale retrospective cohorts. Second, the symptomology associated with SMM using various cutoffs was analyzed. Third, in a double-blind randomized control trial, the temporal stability of SMM levels in subjects taking placebo was analyzed. Fourth, stool Methanobrevibacter smithii loads were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared with SMM levels. Last, the change in SMM over time during antibiotic therapy was analyzed.

RESULTS:

Using the cutoff of SMM ≥10 ppm, SMM had a sensitivity of 86.4% and specificity of 100% for diagnosing IMO on the glucose and lactulose breath tests and was associated with constipation (5.65 ± 3.47 vs 4.32 ± 3.62, P = 0.008). SMM remained stable for 14 weeks without treatment (P = 0.45), and antibiotics lead to a decrease in SMM after 2 days (P < 0.0001). SMM was positively associate with stool M. smithii load (R = 0.65, P < 0.0001).

DISCUSSION:

Fasting SMM ≥10 ppm seems to accurately diagnose IMO, is associated with constipation, and correlates with stool M. smithii. SMM seems to be stable without treatment and decreases after antibiotics. SMM may be a useful test to diagnose IMO and monitor treatment response.
Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as Crohn's Disease
Authors: Bhaskar Sonya , Mony Shruti , Taunk Pushpak
Published: January 2022

Metastasis from head and neck tumors to the small intestine is an extremely rare occurrence with a dismal prognosis. We present a 67-year-old man with metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that initially presented as recurrent small bowel obstruction and was misdiagnosed as Crohn's disease. On colonoscopy, terminal ileum biopsies of lymphoid-appearing subcentimeter nodules were positive for metastatic squamous cell cancer. Our case highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion for metastasis in patients with a recent history of head and neck cancers.
Rapidly Extensive Recurrence of Esophageal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma After Complete Pathologic Response to Definitive Chemoradiation
Authors: Wang Maxwell M. , Singh Simi K.
Published: January 2022

Primary esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare, aggressive malignancy lacking evidence-based treatment guidelines. The timing and nature of relapse after successful treatment of locoregional disease are not well characterized. We report a patient lacking risk factors for esophageal cancer who rapidly developed extensive disease recurrence 4 months after achieving complete pathologic response to nonsurgical treatment. Although optimal survival for early stage nonmetastatic disease is achieved by esophagectomy with adjuvant therapy, definitive chemotherapy is also appropriate for late stage nonmetastatic patients. There are presently no protocols for maintenance therapy. We highlight complex treatment considerations for this rare malignancy.
From Solitary to Solidary
Authors: Beauvais Clémentine
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses what happens when a children’s book represents the full lives of its main character(s), from childhood to old age. Within such books, protagonists are often made to revise their vision of younger and older characters. What changes and what remains in the character’s perspective on intergenerationality, and of their own place in the generational landscape of their world, as they grow old? First the chapter looks at biographies for children and their purpose of exemplarity. Then it explores a more haphazard collection of stories in different genres that represent the full lives of their protagonists, highlighting the more ambivalent portrayals of intergenerational solidarity that they propose. The chapter suggests that the full life in children’s literature allows authors to tackle age-related topics that are rarely seen in children’s literature from the protagonist’s perspective: the fear of generational usurpation, vicarious living through one’s children, and a sense of the role of intergenerational others in the creation of one’s existence.
“Remember Me”
Authors: Jaques Zoe
Published: January 2022

From Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) to Tangled (2002), Disney stories have shown a long time commitment to variously highlighting, and then conservatively healing, fissures between generations. Disney-Pixar collaborations, however, have offered a rather broader spectrum of possibilities in imagining how senescence and youth might intersect. This chapter interrogates two recent films which are invested particularly in exploring the relationship between male youth and old age, each of which offers notably distinctive takes on intergenerational solidarity. Up (2010) looks beyond the confines of the family to positively imagine intra-age relationships formed by greater communal ties in an increasingly urbanized America; Coco (2017) intergenerational solidarity in the context of an idealized, but somewhat enclosing, rendering of the familial traditions of Mexican culture. This chapter examines these differing takes, calling attention to the distinctive modes in which the stories explicate how the lives of the living intersect with those of the dead, and point to an intergenerational solidarity that extends beyond a single lived experience.
A Grand Cause
Authors: Superle Michelle
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines a small yet significant body of recently published English-language picturebooks that represent children’s contributions to regenerative agriculture as valuable—even integral—to the increasingly urgent work of developing new, sustainable agricultural practices. Viewed through a child-centered lens using the principles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, works such as On Grandpa’s Farm, Sleep Tight Farm, and Anywhere Farm portray children as valuable partners in agricultural activities, collaborating with adults to ensure food security on a small but impactful scale. Such representations have immense inspirational potential not only for swelling the ranks of the “Good Food Movement” with enthusiastic new participants of all ages, but also for planting seeds of hope in children’s minds. A crucial group of recently published picturebooks about farming extends the empowering promise that children can participate in saving the world right now through ethical food production—while simultaneously creating a healthier future for everyone.
Afterword
Authors: Nikolajeva Maria
Published: January 2022

This chapter discusses the tension between intergenerational solidarity and intergenerational conflict in children's and young adult fiction from two theoretical perspectives: bio-psychological and aesthetic. The former approach employs the framework of evolutionary literary studies to explore intergenerational relationships in a broad evolutionary perspective, that is, considering why child/adult hierarchies are portrayed the way they are, in arts in general and in children’s literature in particular. The main reason is that children and adults have different evolutionary goals, which is duly reflected in fiction. From the aesthetic point of view, the whole premise of children's literature is a generation conflict. In plot construction, the primary role of parents in children’s literature is to be absent, preferably dead, which allows child protagonists agency generally unavailable to real children. The primary role of parents in young adult fiction is to be the target of parental revolt. Between these two categories, there is not much room for intergenerational solidarity on the structural level, and intergenerational solidarity is a contradiction in terms.
Nalar Fikih Penghulu di Kota Malang dalam Saksi Nikah Tuli
Authors: Hadi Mukhammad Nur
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the paradigm of penghulus (the marriage registrants at the office for religious affairs, KUA) in Malang City regarding the status of marriage witnesses. This study uses a philosophical normative approach to find several important points. It turns out that fiqh is dominantly used by the penghulu to limit the rights of witnesses to marriages with hearing disabilities. This is related to the internalization of maslahat in the fiqh paradigm of the penghulu which is manifested in the form of concerns about leaving fiqh, on the one hand, and the stability of following fiqh and the opinions of local ulama', on the other. Nevertheless, fiqh is still a representation of the “advocative paradigm” of the penghulu in terms of the rights of deaf marriage witnesses by elaborating on sociological aspects and the development of science. It is safe to say that the continuing reference to traditional fiqh among the penghulu is related to the failure of the Malang City government in promoting their vision of creating an inclusive city.
Artikel ini membahas nalar fikih penghulu di Kota Malang dalam status saksi nikah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif filosofis untuk menemukan beberapa poin penting. Fikih ternyata dominan digunakan penghulu untuk membatasi hak saksi nikah Tuli. Hal ini terkait dengan internalisasi maslahat dalam nalar fikih penghulu yang termanifestasi dalam bentuk kekhawatiran meninggalkan fikih, di satu sisi, dan kemantapan mengikuti fikih dan pendapat ulama’ lokal, di sisi yang lain. Meskipun demikian, fikih masih menjadi representasi “nalar advokatif” penghulu dalam hal hak saksi nikah Tuli dengan mengelaborasi aspek sosiologis dan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Di sini dapat ditemukan bahwa dominasi nalar fikih lama di kalangan penghulu terkait dengan lemahnya pengaruh gagasan pemerintah Kota Malang yang ingin mewujudkan kota yang inklusif.
LONGITUDINAL IMPEDANCE OF A SINGLE-CIRCUIT POWER TRANSMISSION LINE WITH TWO LIGHTNING PROTECTION CABLES IN THE PROBLEM OF REMOTE FAULT LOCATION
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation, Panova E.A.
Published: January 2022

One of the most important tasks in remote fault location in a 110 kV+ network is modeling the power lines taking into account the electromagnetic and electrostatic interaction of their conductive elements. A common approach is to use the mathematical models recommended by the guidelines for calculating short-circuit currents for relay protection. However, these models of power transmission lines take into account the geometric mean distance between the wires and the lightning protection cables, which means they average the values of the mutual induction impedances. In cases where wires and cables are located asymmetrically relative to each other, this leads to an overestimation of the zero-sequence impedance of power lines and, as a consequence, to an underestimation of the single-phase short-circuit current. This situation can affect the results of remote fault location. To eliminate this drawback, the article proposes a combined equivalent circuit for a single-circuit power transmission line with two lightning protection cables, based on a combination of methods of phase coordinates and symmetric components. The given equivalent circuit of power transmission lines allows calcula¬ting the mode parameters using the method of symmetric components and, at the same time, simulating those of interest for calculating power lines using phase coordinates.
MgO-supported Ni-Sn Catalysts: Characterization and Catalytic Properties for Aqueous-phase Catalytic Reforming of Glycerol
Authors: Sembiring Kiky Corneliasari , Kristiani Anis , Hidayati Luthfiana Nurul , Sudiyarmanto Sudiyarmanto , Aulia Fauzan , Aunillah Asif
Published: January 2022

The aqueous phase reforming (APR) of glycerol into value-added products, including H2 and alkanes, is environmentally green. In this work, the conversion of glycerol into syngas was demonstrated using MgO-supported Ni-Sn catalysts. Ni species is known for its capability of converting glycerol, but the activity towards water gas shift (WGS) reaction has not been satisfied. Loading Ni-Sn onto MgO has increased the catalyst basicity, which promotes a positive effect in WGS reaction. A series of bimetallic catalysts, impregnated Ni-Sn on MgO support, was prepared with various Ni-Sn loading amounts. To better understand the behavior of prepared catalysts, they were evaluated physio-chemically through XRD, BET, and FTIR. The catalytic activity test was performed for APR in a continuous flow reactor with aqueous glycerol 10 v-% as a feedstock at a reaction temperature of 250°C. As a result, the maximum hydrogen selectivity was obtained at about 73 v-%.
Enhancing the Quality of Patchouli Oil using Zeolite and Bentonite Nano-Particle Adsorbents
Authors: Kamaruzzaman Suraiya , Muhammad Syaifullah , Aprilia Sri , Alfano Rahmat , Ridha Muhammad , Syamsuddin Yanna , Meilina Hesti
Published: January 2022

The overall quality of patchouli oil is closely related to the purification process during manufacturing. This research provided an effective and efficient method for purifying Aceh patchouli oil to secure high-quality patchouli oil. Purification was done by utilizing natural mineral sources that were sufficiently available in Aceh and applying them in various adsorption processes, analyzing the adsorption of Fe levels in patchouli oil, and characterizing nano adsorbents used in the adsorption process. Nanoparticles of zeolite and bentonite were used during the adsorption process with patchouli oil sourced from the South Aceh area. The adsorption process purified 20 mL of patchouli oil at a temperature of 45 ℃ with variable mass nano adsorbent 1; 3; 5 g, and variable stirring time 60; 180; 300 minutes. The purification filtrate was later analyzed for patchouli alcohol levels using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fe levels using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. The characterization of nano adsorbents was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD). The results showed that the most efficient adsorption process occurred in nano zeolite with a mass of 5 g and a stirring time of 300 minutes, where the patchouli alcohol content was 28.54%, Fe 0.8165 mg/kg. Meanwhile, nano zeolite’s most significant constituent components were silicon oxide (SiO2) of 48.9% and silicon carbide (CSi) of 31.3%. Visually the sample did not change color due to the low quality of patchouli oil, but the Fe level in the patchouli oil samples complied with SNI 06-2385-2006 with a maximum of 25 mg/kg. In addition, nano zeolite had an adsorption capacity of 0.96 mg/g with an adsorption efficiency of 98.49%.