bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Initial Management Strategies in Patients With Autoimmune Lymphocytic Hypophysitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Donegan Diane , Saeed Zeb , Delivanis Danae A , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Honegger Juergen , Amereller Felix , Oguz Seda Hanife , Erickson Dana , Bancos Irina
Published: February 2022

Context

Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LyHy) is characterized by inflammation of the pituitary and or neuroinfundibulum and is uncommon. Treatment options include observation, high-dose glucocorticoids (HD-GCs) or surgery. Optimal first-line management strategy, however, remains unknown.

Objective

This work aimed to assess response to first-line treatment options (observation, HD-GCs, or surgery) of clinically relevant outcomes (symptomatic, hormonal, and radiographic improvement) among patients with LyHy.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted in 6 databases through 2020. Meta-analysis was conducted when feasible using a random-effects model.

Results

We included 33 studies reporting on 591 patients (423 women, 72%) with LyHy. Improvement/resolution of anterior pituitary dysfunction was highest when HD-GCs was first-line treatment. Surgery was associated with the greatest proportion of patients who had regression on imaging. Subgroup analysis comparing HD-GCs to observation showed the odds of anterior pituitary hormone recovery (OR 3.41; 95% CI, 1.68-6.94) or radiographic regression (OR 3.13; 95% CI, 1.54-6.36) were higher with HD-GCs, but so was the need for additional forms of treatment (OR 4.37; 95% CI, 1.70-11.22). No statistically significant difference was seen in recovery of diabetes insipidus (OR 0.9; 95% CI, 0.26-3.10). Certainty in these estimates was very low.

Conclusion

Observation and use of HD-GCs both are successful first-line management strategies in LyHy. Although use of HD-GCs was associated with increased recovery of anterior pituitary hormone deficit, it also was associated with greater likelihood of additional treatment after withdrawal. Optimal dosing and duration of HD-GCs remains unknown.
Thyroid Function and the Risk of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Roa Dueñas Oscar H , Van der Burgh Anna C , Ittermann Till , Ligthart Symen , Ikram M Arfan , Peeters Robin , Chaker Layal
Published: February 2022

Context

Thyroid hormones are important regulators of glucose metabolism, and studies investigating the association between thyroid function and type 2 diabetes incidence have shown conflicting results.

Objective

We aimed to combine the evidence from prospective studies addressing the association between thyroid function and type 2 diabetes risk.

Methods

We systematically searched in Embase, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar for prospective studies assessing the association of thyroid function and incident type 2 diabetes. Data extraction was performed using a standardized protocol by 2 independent reviewers. We assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI using random-effects models.

Results

From the 4574 publications identified, 7 met our inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Six publications were included in the meta-analysis. Studies assessed hypothyroidism (6 studies), hyperthyroidism (5 studies), thyrotropin (TSH) in the reference range (4 studies), and free thyroxine (FT4) in the reference range (3 studies) in relation to incident type 2 diabetes. The pooled HR for the risk of type 2 diabetes was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.05-1.52) for hypothyroidism, 1.16 (95% CI, 0.90-1.49) for hyperthyroidism, 1.06 (95% CI, 0.96-1.17) for TSH in the reference range, and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.91-0.98) for FT4 in the reference range.

Conclusion

Current evidence suggests an increased type 2 diabetes risk in people with hypothyroidism and lower FT4 levels in the reference range. Further population-based studies are needed to address this association given the limited evidence.
Approach to the Patient With Lipodystrophy
Authors: Fourman Lindsay T , Grinspoon Steven K
Published: February 2022

Lipodystrophy constitutes a spectrum of diseases characterized by a generalized or partial absence of adipose tissue. Underscoring the role of healthy fat in maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, fat deficiency in lipodystrophy typically leads to profound metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and ectopic fat accumulation. While rare, recent genetic studies indicate that lipodystrophy is more prevalent than has been previously thought, suggesting considerable underdiagnosis in clinical practice. In this article, we provide an overview of the etiology and management of generalized and partial lipodystrophy disorders. We bring together the latest scientific evidence and clinical guidelines and expose key gaps in knowledge. Through improved recognition of the lipodystrophy disorders, patients (and their affected family members) can be appropriately screened for cardiometabolic, noncardiometabolic, and syndromic abnormalities and undergo treatment with targeted interventions. Notably, insights gained through the study of this rare and extreme phenotype can inform our knowledge of more common disorders of adipose tissue overload, including generalized obesity.
Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis via a Lipid-regulated SIRT1-p53-ASC Axis in Macrophages From Male Mice and Humans
Authors: Huang Yimao , Yong Peter , Dickey Deborah , Vora Setu M , Wu Hao , Bernlohr David A
Published: February 2022

Obesity-linked diabetes is associated with accumulation of proinflammatory macrophages into adipose tissue leading to inflammasome activation and pyroptotic secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Targeting fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) uncouples obesity from inflammation, attenuates characteristics of type 2 diabetes and is mechanistically linked to the cellular accumulation of monounsaturated fatty acids in macrophages. Herein we show that pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of FABP4 activates silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) and deacetylates its downstream targets p53 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Pharmacologic inhibition of fatty acid synthase or stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase inhibits, whereas exogenous addition of C16:1 or C18:1 but not their saturated acyl chain counterparts, activates SIRT1 and p53/STAT3 signaling and IL-1β/IL-18 release. Expression of the p53 target gene ASC [apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD)] required for assembly of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is downregulated in FABP4 null mice and macrophage cell lines leading to loss of procaspase 1 activation and pyroptosis. Concomitant with loss of ASC expression in FABP4−/− macrophages, inflammasome activation, gasdermin D processing, and functional activation of pyroptosis are all diminished in FABP4 null macrophages but can be rescued by silencing SIRT1 or exogenous expression of ASC. Taken together, these results reveal a novel lipid-regulated pathway linking to SIRT1-p53-ASC signaling and activation of inflammasome action and pyroptosis.
Female Adult Acne and Androgen Excess: A Report From the Multidisciplinary Androgen Excess and PCOS Committee
Authors: Carmina Enrico , Dreno Brigitte , Lucky W Anne , Agak W George , Dokras Anuja , Kim Jin Ju , Lobo Rogerio A , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh , Dumesic Daniel
Published: February 2022

In endocrine and reproductive endocrine literature, adult female acne is considered as a possible clinical expression of hyperandrogenism, with most polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) guidelines considering acne as a condition of androgen excess. Adult female acne, however, in the dermatological literature is considered as an inflammatory skin disease and new guidelines on adult female acne have been produced by dermatological societies, with little perspective from any endocrine or reproductive endocrine points of view. An expert task force was appointed by the AE-PCOS society to determine the current state of knowledge and provide evidence-based recommendations that could be valid for all specialists taking care of female adult acne. The following are the recommendations (level of evidence A or B): (1) diagnosis of female adult acne is mainly clinical, but a grading tool is needed for optimizing the treatment; (2) measurement of serum androgen values (total testosterone, free testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) by high-quality assays is recommended in all women with adult acne; (3) in women with adult acne and proven hyperandrogenism, oral combined estroprogestins should be added to the topical or systemic treatment of acne, independently of severity of acne; (4) all second- and third-generation estroprogestins may be used, independently of the estrogen dose and progestin component; (5) spironolactone may be added to estroprogestins in women with moderate or severe hyperandrogenic adult acne, not responding to usual treatments; (6) estroprogestins may be used in nonhyperandrogenic patients with adult acne as second-line therapy.
Meta-analysis on the Association Between Thyroid Hormone Disorders and Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Bernardi Stella , Grillo Andrea , Antonello Roberta Maria , Cola Marco Fabio , Dobrinja Chiara , Fabris Bruno , Giudici Fabiola
Published: February 2022

Context

Aortic stiffness is an emerging predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Current data about the effect of subclinical and overt thyroid hormone disorders on aortic stiffness are often conflicting.

Objective

Primary outcome was to investigate if subclinical and overt thyroid hormone disorders were associated with aortic stiffness. Secondary outcome was to identify disease effect modifiers.

Methods

Data sources were PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies included reports of pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is the gold standard method for measuring aortic stiffness, in patients with subclinical and overt thyroid disorders. Two investigators independently identified eligible studies and extracted data. Pooled mean difference was the summary effect measure. Data were presented in forest plots with outlier and influential case diagnostics. Univariate meta-regression analysis was used to identify effect modifiers.

Results

Eleven observational studies were selected, including 1239 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, 81 patients with overt hypothyroidism, 338 patients with thyrotoxicosis, and 12 715 controls. PWV was significantly higher in subclinical (P < .001) and overt hypothyroidism (P < .001), as well as in patients with thyrotoxicosis (P = .027) compared with controls. Age was an effect modifier in hypothyroid patients.

Conclusion

This study shows that both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism as well as thyrotoxicosis were associated with an increase of aortic stiffness. The impact of treatment of these conditions on aortic stiffness should be assessed in clinical trials.
Stolen Life, Stolen Time
Authors: Goffe Tao Leigh
Published: February 2022

Working on the B-side of time, this essay considers the way Afro-futurism often configures time as nonlinear and entangled. In doing so, it looks at contemporary apocalyptic forms of storytelling, Watchmen, Parasite, Black Mother, Exit West, and On Such a Full Sea. The way the timeline of racial capitalism is represented in each reveals how blackness affects narrative time and historical time. In addition to the stolen land (dispossession of Native sovereignty) and the stolen life (African enslavement) that inaugurated the Americas, stolen time is a critical axis of analysis. Speculative fiction holds the potential to undo the divisive power of speculation, in its rawest form, capitalism. Subverting colonial time, maroon time, or stolen time, accumulates at the edges of the plantation. Ultimately, marronage offers radical forms of waiting—slow and deliberate warfare—against the linear storytelling that erroneously tells us colonialism was inevitable.
What Time Is It When You’re Black?
Authors: Crawford Margo Natalie
Published: February 2022

This essay explores the temporal differences between the lived experience of black flesh and the black body. The author uncovers an aesthetics of the open body that differs greatly from the ongoing naturalizing of the always already marked black body. There is an emerging focus in twenty-first century African American literature on the anticipation of a second skin and an open body that has the feeling of “finna” (the African American vernacular that captures the feeling of what is almost already here). The author unveils the aesthetics of “finna” in art created by Toni Morrison, Claudia Rankine, Nate Marshall, and Kara Walker.
Construction of La2O3-CeO2 Composites Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode as a Novel Electrochemical Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Nitrite
Authors: Yang Qin , Chen Ninghua , Zhang Yujie , Ye Zhixiang , Yang Yingchun
Published: February 2022

An electrochemical sensor for the determination of nitrite based on La2O3-CeO2 composite modified glassy carbon electrode (La2O3-CeO2/GCE) was fabricated in this study. La2O3-CeO2 composites were prepared by reflux condensation, and their morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical behavior of nitrite on the modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and an irreversible oxidation peak emerged at 0.7 V (pH = 7). The effects of scan rate and pH on electron transfer efficiency of fabricated electrode were investigated by CV. Under the optimum conditions, the modified electrode performed outstanding electrocatalytic activity for nitrite detection with a linear range of 0.25–4000 µM and a low detection limit of 0.015 µM (S/N = 3). The constructed sensor was successfully used for the determination of nitrite in real water samples with satisfactory results (recoveries between 94.0% and 106.6%). It provides a foundation and reference for the determination of nitrite in various environmental samples.
School-Age Children’s Actual Motor Competence and Perceived Physical Competence: A 3-Yr Follow-up
Authors: GRÅSTÉN ARTO , HUHTINIEMI MIKKO , JAAKKOLA TIMO
Published: February 2022

Purpose

This study examined school-age children’s actual motor competence (MC) and perceived physical competence (PC) over 3 yr along with the covariate effects of gender and body mass index (BMI).

Methods

Participants were 1121 (girls 573, boys 548) children (mean age, 11.26 ± 0.32 yr) from 35 randomly selected public schools across Finland. MC was assessed using three movement tests targeting locomotor, stability, and object control skills, and PC was assessed using the sport competence subscale of the Physical Self-Perception Profile via four-phase monitoring.

Results

MC and PC remained stable over time. Of the three variables, locomotor skills showed the strongest association with PC. Lower BMI was associated with advanced MC skills and a less steep decrease in locomotor and stability skills over time.

Conclusions

The acquisition of fundamental motor skills in childhood and early adolescence is a prerequisite for enhancing MC and PC. The contribution of locomotor skills to PC indicated that versatile lower limb strength, speed, dynamic balance, and movement skills are important for positive subjective beliefs about PC capability. Increasing the MC skills of the children in most need, particularly those with high BMI scores, merits special attention.
NIFtHool: an informatics program for identification of NifH proteins using deep neural networks
Authors: Suquilanda-Pesántez Jefferson Daniel , Aguiar Salazar Evelyn Dayana , Almeida-Galárraga Diego , Salum Graciela , Villalba-Meneses Fernando , Gudiño Gomezjurado Marco Esteban
Published: February 2022

Atmospheric nitrogen fixation carried out by microorganisms has environmental and industrial importance, related to the increase of soil fertility and productivity. The present work proposes the development of a new high precision system that allows the recognition of amino acid sequences of the nitrogenase enzyme (NifH) as a promising way to improve the identification of diazotrophic bacteria. For this purpose, a database obtained from UniProt built a processed dataset formed by a set of 4911 and 4782 amino acid sequences of the NifH and non-NifH proteins respectively. Subsequently, the feature extraction was developed using two methodologies: (i) k-mers counting and (ii) embedding layers to obtain numerical vectors of the amino acid chains. Afterward, for the embedding layer, the data was crossed by an external trainable convolutional layer, which received a uniform matrix and applied convolution using filters to obtain the feature maps of the model. Finally, a deep neural network was used as the primary model to classify the amino acid sequences as NifH protein or not. Performance evaluation experiments were carried out, and the results revealed an accuracy of 96.4%, a sensitivity of 95.2%, and a specificity of 96.7%. Therefore, an amino acid sequence-based feature extraction method that uses a neural network to detect N-fixing organisms is proposed and implemented. NIFtHool is available from: https://nifthool.anvil.app/
Una nueva vía de expresión plástica. El camino marcado por Miquel Mont y Xavier Escribà.
Authors: Moreno Manuel
Published: February 2022

A pesar de que algunos críticos e historiadores del arte anunciaran el fin de la pintura durante el siglo XX, las evidencias del buen estado en que se encuentra el medio han servido para expandir el significado de la pintura y sus posibilidades expresivas, ampliando los límites del medio y conjugando sus posibilidades plásticas con diferentes disciplinas sin ningún tipo de prejuicio. En este artículo nos acercamos a la obra de dos artistas que mantienen lazos estrechos con las ciudades de Barcelona y París, Xavier Escribà y Miquel Mont. Nuestro ánimo no es reflejar las coincidencias entre ambos autores sino reivindicar el carácter innovador que han demostrado con sus propias trayectorias.
Potestad Jurisdiccional de la Corte Penal Internacional: El caso de Israel y Palestina, ¿estatolatría beligerante o falta de competencia?
Authors: Caita Moreno Juan Carlos
Published: February 2022

En el año 2015, Palestina suscribía el Estatuto de Roma, a pesar de la resistencia férrea y la presión en contrario ejercida por Israel y los Estados Unidos, poniendo en evidencia la ineficacia de la política exterior y diplomacia norteamericana en Oriente Medio. Un año antes, en 2014, Palestina se convertía en “Estado Parte” de la Convención de Viena de 1969 relativa al derecho de los tratados, posiblemente para anticiparse a Israel en la defensa de sus derechos como Estado desde 1948.Una de las principales consecuencias de la pertenencia de Palestina al Estatuto de Roma es, sin duda alguna, la jurisdicción automática de la Corte Penal Internacional (CPI) frente a eventuales crímenes internacionales perpetrados en los territorios controlados por la Autoridad Palestina. Frente a estos hechos, se plantean los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Qué consecuencias tiene para Israel el hecho de que Palestina sea el Estado miembro 123 en reconocer la jurisdicción de la CPI?  Acaso, ¿no fueron los mismos principios de Núremberg los que inspiraron los juicios contra los criminales nazis que exterminaron el Pueblo Judío? Como Estado Parte del Estatuto de Roma, ¿logrará Palestina trasladar su histórico conflicto con Israel a La Haya? Y, a su vez, ¿la presión internacional obligará a Israel a ratificar el Estatuto de Roma?
El interés de la justicia en el Estatuto de Roma: un análisis a partir de las decisiones en la situación de Afganistán
Authors: Sánchez Frías Alejandro
Published: February 2022

El primer acercamiento jurisprudencial en las dos décadas de historia de la Corte Penal Internacional al requisito del “interés de la justicia” ha generado fuertes críticas por la doctrina y la sociedad civil. Frente a la interpretación restrictiva del concepto de “interés de la justicia” defendida de manera abstracta por la doctrina mayoritaria, su traslado al mundo real por la Sala de Cuestiones Preliminares se ha materializado a través de una polémica interpretación extensiva que no ha sido rechazada de forma explícita por la Sala de Apelaciones. El presente trabajo analiza los elementos jurídicos, políticos y económicos presentes en esta interpretación expansiva para determinar las luces y sombras de su valoración a la hora de tomar una decisión de tal calado como la de qué constituye el “interés de la justicia”.
Risk-Based Robust Statistical Learning by Stochastic Difference-of-Convex Value-Function Optimization
Authors: Liu Junyi , Pang Jong-Shi
Published: February 2022

For the treatment of outliers, the paper “Risk-Based Robust Statistical Learning by Stochastic Difference-of-Convex Value-Function Optimization” by Junyi Liu and Jong-Shi Pang proposes a risk-based robust statistical learning model. Employing a variant of the conditional value-at-risk risk measure, called the interval conditional value-at-risk (In-CVaR), the model aims to exclude the risks associated with the left and right tails of the loss. The resulting nonsmooth and nonconvex model considers the population In-CVaR risk and distinguishes the upside and downside losses with asymmetric weights. For the solution of the model in both regression and classification, the authors show that the objective function is the difference of two convex functions each being the optimal objective value of a univariate convex stochastic program. A sampling and convex programming-based algorithm is developed with the appropriate control of incremental sample sizes, and its subsequential almost-sure convergence to a critical point is established. Numerical results illustrate the practical performance of the model and methodology.
Da Bolívia do MAS à Espanha do Podemos: a questão do Estado Plurinacional | From Bolivia of MAS to Spain of Podemos: the question os the plurinational State
Authors: Rodrigues Theófilo Machado , Ferreira Daniel Henrique , Silva Allysson Lemos
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo analisa a referência da experiência do Estado plurinacional boliviano no programa político do partido espanhol Podemos. O artigo está estruturado em três seções. A primeira apresenta a ideia de Estado plurinacional não apenas na teoria social e política, mas também em suas experiências políticas originárias. A segunda seção tem como ênfase o desenvolvimento do Estado Plurinacional na Bolívia no início do século XXI. Em seguida, avalia-se como a experiência boliviana informou decisivamente a ideia do projeto de Estado plurinacional defendido pelo Podemos na Espanha nos últimos anos. Conclui-se que, ao contrário do que tem ocorrido tradicionalmente, como demonstram os estudos pós-coloniais, a maré das relações políticas e teóricas que costumeiramente partem da Europa e chegam na América Latina foi invertida. Para o espanto dos eurocêntricos, na questão do Estado plurinacional foi a Bolívia quem serviu de referência para a Espanha no século XXI.Palavras-chave: Plurinacionalidade; Estado; Questão Nacional.ABSTRACTThis article analyzes how the experience of the Bolivian plurinational state was a reference for the political program of the Spanish party Podemos. The paper is structured in three sections. The first part presents the idea of a plurinational state not only in social and political theory, but also in its original political experiences. The second section focuses on the development of the Plurinational State in Bolivia at the beginning of the 21st century. The next section assesses how the Bolivian experience has oriented decisevely the idea of the plurinational State project defended by Podemos in Spain in recent years. In the conclusion, we argue that, contrary to what has traditionally happened, as the post-colonial studies show, the tide of political and theoretical influences that usually leave Europe and arrive in Latin America has been turned. Against an eurocentric viewpoint, on the question of the plurinational state, Bolivia was a role model for Spain in the 21st century.Keywords: Plurinationality; State; National Question. Recebido em: 14 mar. 2021 | Aceito em: 06 nov. 2021.
Nurse-led home modification interventions for community-dwelling older adults with dementia and their impact on falls prevention
Authors: Yeni Cansu , Yilmaz Medine
Published: February 2022

This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of nurse-led home modification interventions on the family members of home-dwelling older adults with dementia. The sample consisted of 42 older adults diagnosed with dementia and their family members. A number of validated tools were used. Three home visits were undertaken, a training package with family members was instigated, and the patients were followed up for a 6-month period. It was determined that there was a decrease in falls in the first 3-month period (p=0.002). The number of falls in the second 3-month period was lower in the older adults who had their homes modified (p=0.000). Family-centred, nurse-led home-modification interventions can be effective in the prevention and reducing of falls in older adults with dementia.
British Science Week
Authors: Davies Sarah M
Published: February 2022

Exploring the theme of ‘growth’ through science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Moving home
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: February 2022

The pandemic has brought many changes, including families relocating because of the rise of home working and a desire for more indoor and outdoor space.
Sticks and twine
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: February 2022

Developing fine motor skills while exploring design, joining, and creating through playing with sticks and twine.
Conceptualizing ‘Other’ in the Context of Mizo Identity
Authors:   Department of Political Science, Government Serchhip College, Serchhip, Mizoram, 796181 India, * Zarzosanga
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT The concepts of ‘Us’ and ‘Others’ has been a persistent factor in the history of Mizo identity formation. The perception of the ‘other’ in the Mizo psyche has shaped and molded the growth and evolution of Mizo identity throughout the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial periods. This article aims to trace and examine the origin of the Mizo perception of ‘others’ and to evaluate how it has affected the realization and conception of Mizo identity among the Mizo themselves, vis-à-vis a pan-Indian identity. In so doing, the article outlines the theoretical perception of the term ‘identity’, the roots of the conception of Mizo identity in the pre-colonial period and how that identity was shaped by the conception of the ‘other’ in the early Mizo psyche. The article then traces the evolution of that ‘other’ during the colonial period and its subsequent impact on the Mizo identity itself as well as how it differed from the pre-colonial conception of the ‘other’. The article concludes by analyzing the further growth and evolution of Mizo identity in the post-colonial period and how that evolution again affects the Mizo conception of the ‘other’ and vice versa, and highlights the future sociopolitical and cultural implications of that conception in the context of Mizo identity perception. Keywords: Britain, Christianity, Identity, Lushai, Mizo, Other
Cinnamon Essential Oil Microcapsules Made Using Various Methods: Physical Properties and Antimicrobial Ability
Authors: Kean Socheata , Trevanich Sudsai , Jittanit Weerachet
Published: February 2022

Highlights

Cinnamon essential oil was microencapsulated using various methods.

The most suitable method was determined by considering the powder recovery and product quality.

The structure of freeze-dried microcapsules was examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy.

The cinnamon essential oil microcapsules inhibited bacterial growth in minced chicken meat samples.

Abstract. Cinnamon essential oil has enormous potential for use in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics; however, its applications are currently limited due to its volatility and rapid degradation. In this study, cinnamon essential oil was microencapsulated using four methods. The main aims were to determine a suitable method for producing cinnamon essential oil microcapsule powder and to examine the physical properties of the microcapsule powder. The results indicated that the powder recovery values for spray-drying were much lower than for the other methods. For the same encapsulation method, samples with higher oil concentration had lower powder recovery and were harder to dissolve. Freeze-drying provided the highest encapsulation efficiency (92.3% to 95.2%), followed by drum-drying, spray-drying, and a manual method. Freeze-drying with an oil concentration of 27% was the most suitable method for microencapsulation in this study due to its higher solubility and encapsulation efficiency and having the lowest surface oil content for the product. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that the cinnamon essential oil was well encapsulated in the freeze-dried microcapsules. The cinnamon essential oil microcapsules significantly impeded bacterial growth in minced chicken meat samples during chilled storage for 12 days. Keywords: Cinnamon, Drum-drying, Encapsulation, Freeze-drying, Spray-drying.
Extracting and Modifying the Vibration Characteristic Parameters of Watermelon Based on Experimental Modal Measurement and Finite Element Analysis for Hollow Heart Defect Detection
Authors: Ding Chengqiao , Wang Dachen , Feng Zhe , Cui Di
Published: February 2022

Highlights

An impulse vibration method is proposed to excite watermelon for hollow heart defect detection.

Experimental models of watermelon were acquired with 3D scanning laser vibrometry.

The relationship between hollow heart defect and vibration characteristic parameters was investigated with finite element analysis.

Better prediction of hollow heart defect in watermelon was achieved with the wavelet transform method.

Abstract. Hollow heart defect seriously influences the taste and storability of watermelon. In this study, a non-destructive detection system based on an impulse vibration method was developed to detect hollow watermelon. First, acceptable agreement between the theoretical and experimental models of watermelon proved the suitability of investigating the relationship between hollow heart defect and vibration characteristic parameters by finite element analysis (FEA). Through modal analysis, the optimum location for the detection sensor was determined at the opposite location or 90° from the excitation point. The normalized second to fourth resonance frequencies (f2n, f3n, and f4n) and the peak value at the second frequency (A2) were extracted as latent variables for prediction of hollow watermelon. The technical parameters of the pressurized-air excitation device were then modified in orthogonal tests, and the best combination of technical parameters was as follows: air pressure of 275 kPa, excitation distance of 9 cm, and pulse width of 200 ms. In the qualitative discrimination of hollow watermelon, the results showed that a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) using 13 vibration characteristic parameters had the best classification performance, with accuracies of 91.7% and 88.9% for the calibration and prediction sets. In the quantitative analysis of hollow rate, the best prediction result was achieved with the BPNN (rp = 0.829, RMSEP = 0.016), which selected ten vibration characteristic parameters as input variables. Therefore, it is feasible to detect hollow watermelon by impulse vibration, and this method has potential to be applied in on-line defect detection. Keywords: Doppler vibrometry, Finite element analysis, Hollow heart defect, Laser modal analysis, Watermelon.
OA TEC Um Objeto de Aprendizagem para difundir os temas tratados no campo da Ética em Computação.
Authors: De Oliveira Exiele Daniel Fagundes
Published: February 2022

Neste trabalho, buscouseidentificar livros publicados em português e artigospublicados no COBENGE, nos últimos dez anos, sobre a Ética em Computação. E, comisso, propor a difusão dos temas tratados por tal campo de conhecimento, bem como acriação de espaços de aprendizagem (e.g componentes curriculares, materiais didáticos,sites da internet etc.) para a promoção de debates sobre os conteúdos. Com a faltaevidente de estudos e publicações no campo da Ética em Computação, tornaseevidentea importância da divulgação dos temas tratados por ele, para que a comunidade deengenharia e a sociedade em geral tenham maior consciência sobre o impacto dastecnologias em suas vidas.
DETERMINAÇÃO DE PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DE SISTEMAS BINÁRIOS ECLIPSANTES
Authors: Oliveira Braian Barbosa
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho se debruça sobre o estudo do ramo das estrelas variáveis, tendo diversas classificações dentro deste mesmo grupo, como exemplo: estrelas variáveis pulsantes, variáveis cataclísmicas, variáveis eruptivas estre outras. Mas tendo o foco na classe de estrelas variáveis chamadas: binário eclipsante.
ASPECTOS FUNDAMENTAIS DA MECÂNICA QUÂNTICA
Authors: Pimentel Ximenes Neto Estácio
Published: February 2022

Paralelamente ao estudo da natureza da matéria, no fim do século dezenove, a espectroscopia atômica havia avançado muito e se tinha determinado expressões empíricas para o que constitui as séries espectrais de alguns elementos químicos. Os detalhes da emissão luminosa envolvem transições eletrônicas de estados de maior energia para os de menor energia, no interior dos átomos. Esse processo de emissão pode ser compreendido em termos do modelo familiar planetário do átomo (modelo de Bohr).
A importância da programação e eletrônica na instrumentação cientifica
Authors: Santos Rafael Costa dos
Published: February 2022

A proposta é que o estudante iniciasse seus estudos com um trabalho mais atraente, aparentemente técnico, mas que o estimule a continuar na área experimental, preparando-o para realizar atividades mais específicas, no futuro, na instrumentação científica, tais como estudo e modelamento e dos processos ópticos da radiação solar na atmosfera. Durante a fase de estudos e para apresentação do Semic, buscaremos estabelecer comunicação com os dispositivos com exercícios de escrita e/ou leitura de seus registros internos.
AVALIAÇÃO PERIODONTAL DE PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE CABEÇA E PESCOÇO NO PRÉ, TRANS E PÓS TRATAMENTO ONCOLÓGICO
Authors: Sani de Alcântara Rodrigues José Lucas
Published: February 2022

O câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP) compreende as neoplasias malignas que acometema mucosa do trato aerodigestivo superior sendo localizado mais comumente na região deboca, laringe e faringe. Dentre eles, o câncer de boca, que compreende as neoplasias delábio e cavidade oral, recebe destaque por se tratar do 5º tipo de câncer mais prevalenteem homens e do 12º em mulheres (Brasil, 2018).
Quantificação relativa de Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans no biofilme subgengival de indivíduos com asma grave
Authors: Costa Larissa Souza
Published: February 2022

A asma é definida como uma síndrome clínica de sintomas respiratórios intermitentes desencadeados por infecções respiratórias superiores virais, alérgenos ambientais ou outros estímulos (MOORE et al., 2010). É uma doença crônica das vias aéreas, de origem inflamatória, caracterizada por estado de hiperresponsividade brônquica, limitação reversível do fluxo de ar, chiado, respiração ofegante e curta, opressão torácica, tosse e episódios de falta de ar. Os sintomas e a limitação do fluxo aéreo caracteristicamente variam ao longo do tempo e em intensidade. Essas variações geralmente são desencadeadas por fatores como exercício, exposição a alérgenos ou irritantes, mudança no clima ou infecções respiratórias virais. (MARQUES; MACHADO-SOUZA, 2011; GINA, 2019).
DIREITO À SAÚDE DE PESSOAS COM DOENÇAS RARAS: Análise jurisprudencial em face das demandas por medicamentos de alto custo no SUS
Authors: Da Silva Deutt Ferreira Mariana
Published: February 2022

A saúde é um direito fundamental do ser humano, conforme dispõe o Artigo 196 da Constituição Federal (CF) de 1988, (Brasil, 1988). A Carta Magna também conferiu a saúde e a assistência pública como responsabilidade comum da União, dos Estados, do Distrito Federal e dos Municípios e, nesse sentido, foi implementado o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), que é responsável, dentre outras ações, pela execução da assistência terapêutica integral, inclusive farmacêutica (Brasil, 1990).
PERFIL DOS TRABALHADORES FEIRANTES ACOMETIDOS POR TUBERCULOSE EM FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHIA NO PERÍODO DE 2013-2018
Authors: Brito Macêdo Maryane
Published: February 2022

A Tuberculose (TB) encontra-se diretamente relacionada às condições de vida e de trabalho da população, a desigualdades socioeconômicas, acometendo os grupos de maior vulnerabilidade, como portadores do HIV/AIDS, pessoas privadas de liberdade, em situação de rua e feirantes (BRASIL, 2016; brasil,2018; FREITAS,2016).
REPERCUSSÕES DA VIOLÊNCIA PARA OS ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Cedraz dos Santos Vanessa
Published: February 2022

Considerado um problema de saúde pública mundial, a violência é um fenômeno oriundo de interações individuais e coletivas, que submete os adolescentes a situações de discriminação, negligência e abandono, gerando danos físicos, emocionais, espirituais, entre outros (MOREIRA et al, 2016; SANTOS et al, 2018; HILDEBRAND et al, 2019).
MODALIDADES DE PESCA E COMPOSIÇÃO DAS CAPTURAS DE BUDIÕES NA APA DAS ILHAS DE TINHARÉ E BOIPEBA
Authors: Oliveira Hémille Mariane Dias
Published: February 2022

A costa litorânea do Brasil conta com uma extensa área recifal com alto endemismo de espécies de corais, esponjas e peixes (Castro, 2003; Floeter & Gasparini, 2000; 2001) o que caracteriza a sua importância ecossistêmica. Peixes característicos dos recifes brasileiros são os que se agrupam na categoria comercial “budião”, o budião-azul, Scarus trispinosus Valenciennes, 1840; o budião-palhaço, Scarus zelindae (Moura, Figueiredo e Sazima, 2001); budião-batata, Sparisoma frondosum (Agassiz, 1831); e o budião-verde, Sparisoma axillare, (Steindachner, 1878). Esses animais se encontram na lista vermelha de espécies ameaçadas de extinção e atualmente há no Brasil duas portarias publicadas pelo governo federal que estabelecem normas de ordenamento pesqueiro destas espécies e são, Portaria Interministerial nº59-B, de 9/11/2018 – Budião-azul e Portaria Interministerial nº63, de 31/12/2018 – outros budiões.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DESCRITORES DE FRUTOS EM PROGÊNIES DE PHYSALIS IXOCARPABROT.
Authors: Ferreira Leal Jainara
Published: February 2022

Physalis ixocarpa Brot., também conhecida como “Tomatillo” e “tomate decáscara”, é uma planta herbácea pertencente à família Solanaceae e ao gênero Physalisque possui grande potencial econômico no México, sendo a quinta hortaliça maisproduzida no país. No Brasil, essa espécie encontra-se, principalmente, nas regiõesNorte e Nordeste como uma frutífera exótica por ainda não ter sido realizado estudossuficientes para a exploração da mesma (RUFATO et al., 2019).
Alimentação, uso de recursos e disponibilidade de presas para Trachinotus falcatus, Polydactylus virginicus e Ophioscion punctatissimus (Actinopterygii, Percomorpha) em praia da Ilha de Itaparica, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia
Authors: De Carvalho Júnior Marcelo
Published: February 2022

As praias marinhas dependem de material alóctone (p.ex.: algas) como principal fontede produtividade primária (Dugan et al., 2011), sendo estas, fonte de alimento paraherbívoros pastadores como anfípodas e isópodas, e funcionando também como refúgiopara outros organismos. Para denominar os organismos que habitam um habitat marinhodominado por macrófitas, onde coexistem animais e plantas epífitas, foi criado o termofital, proposto por Remane (1940).
Elaboração de bebida Aluá, utilizando, grãos de milho, pela fermentação espontânea
Authors: Santos Freitas Mariana
Published: February 2022

As bactérias láticas, são micro-organismos Gram-positivos e catalase negativo,podendo ser encontradas na forma de cocos ou bacilos, constituindo um grupo dediversos micro-organismos presentes em carnes, plantas e laticínios. Elas produzem oácido láctico, como o principal produto final da fermentação dos açúcares, reduzindo opH e contribuindo com o aspecto sensorial, além de ampliar a vida-de-prateleira dosalimentos. Devido a isso são utilizadas na indústria alimentícia (OLIVEIRA, 2009;KASSAA et al., 2014).
Multiplicação in vitro de Ziziphus joazeiro
Authors: Lima de Oliveira Rafael
Published: February 2022

O Ziziphus joazeiro Mart (Rhamnaceae) é uma espécie endêmica da Caatinga, conhecida popularmente como juazeiro, juá e laranjeira-de-vaqueiros. A espécie é utilizada na fabricação de cosméticos, xampus anticaspa e creme dental (LORENZI & MATOS, 2002). Nos períodos de seca é principalmente utilizada na alimentação de animais, sendo também utilizada no tratamento de gastrites, gripes, contusões e ferimentos (LIMA, 2000).
SAÚDE MENTAL EM FEIRA DE SANTANA , BAHIA: ANÁLISE DE PUBLICAÇÕES DO JORNAL FOLHA DO NORTE (1921-1950)
Authors: Ferreira Rebeca Ribeiro
Published: February 2022

Sobre Saúde Mental sabe-se que é um campo de marginalização e exclusão tanto pelosenso comum como pela psiquiatria tradicional. Difícil de conceituar, a própria OrganizaçãoMundial da Saúde (OMS) afirma que não existe uma definição oficial considerando as variáveisque norteiam o termo1. Segundo DE SOUZA; BAPTISTA (2008) a complexidade de conceituarSaúde Mental provém da relação que esse campo estabelece com cada cultura, momento históricoe povo. O chamado “comportamento normal” é tido como a conduta seguida pela maioria daspessoas que compõem determinada sociedade, e a loucura é o “comportamento desviante”.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE Talinum Fruticosum (L.) Juss. SOB INCIDÊNCIA DIRETA DA RADIAÇÃO E EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO
Authors: Santos Robson de Jesus
Published: February 2022

O gênero Talinum pertence à família Talinaceae, agrupada anteriormente nafamília Portulacaceae (SOUZA; LORENZI, 2000). De acordo com Arantes (2019), aespécie Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss é uma Planta Alimentícia Não Convencional(PANC), possivelmente originária da América do Sul. Porém, discute-se também apossibilidade da origem Africana (AGBONON et al., 2010).
AS ESPÉCIES DE PLANTAS CUJAS FLORES SÃO VISITADAS POR BEIJA- FLORES (AVES: TROCHILIDAE) NO CAMPUS DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA
Authors: Calda Santos Vinícius
Published: February 2022

Os beija-flores desempenham importante papel na reprodução de diversas espécies de plantas tropicais, apresentando, muitas vezes, associações com elevado grau de especialização (Machado & Rocca, 2010). No Brasil os estudos sobre as comunidades de beija-flores e das espécies de plantas cujas flores visitam têm aumentado nas últimas décadas, porém, na região Nordeste ainda são poucos estudos com este enfoque (Machado & Lopes, 2002; Machado et al., 2007; Machado, 2009; 2014).
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE CARBONO ORGÂNICO A PARTIR DA ESPECTROSCOPIA DE REFLECTÂNCIA COMO INDICADOR DE DEGRADAÇÃO DO SOLO NOS MUNICÍPIOS PETROLINA E ARARIPINA-PE
Authors: Santos Silva Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Os solos são de suma importância para seus ciclos e manutenção da vida, em escala globalestocam duas vezes mais carbono do que a atmosfera (Trumbore & Camargo, 2009). Os métodosespectroscópicos têm sido indicados para previsões de constituintes do solo, por serem técnicasdiretas, rápidas, não destrutivos e de baixo custo (Wang et al. 2018). Entre as técnicasespectroscópicas, a Espectroscopia de Reflectância no Infravermelho Próximo (NIRS) eReflectância do Visível e do Infravermelho Próximo (Vis-NIR), são técnicas de boa precisão nosresultados, que dispensa o emprego de reagentes no escopo da química verde (Romagnoli et al.,2014).
DETERMINAÇÃO DE PICLORAM E ATRAZINA EMPREGANDO CROMATOGRAFIA LÍQUIDA DE ALTA EFICIÊNCIA (HPLC)
Authors: Pereira Gomes Pricília Santos
Published: February 2022

O uso exacerbado de agrotóxicos no Brasil é uma realidade atual que se intensificou após a implantação de programas nacionais que apoiam o uso e validam estes pesticidas como não danosos a saúde. Atualmente, sabem-se os danos que estes compostos químicos podem provocar no ambiente e na saúde dos seres humanos. Os herbicidas são os mais consumidos, dentre eles se destacam atrazina e picloram. Ambos apresentam alta persistência no solo e em ambientes aquáticos, além de poder desencadear doenças como, por exemplo, danos ao sistema nervoso central, perda de peso, diarreia e fraqueza (HUIZAR, 2014).
CULTIVO DE COENTRO HIDROPÔNICO EM SISTEMA NFT COM ÁGUAS DE DIFERENTES QUALIDADES
Authors: Cordeiro de Oliveira Anderson
Published: February 2022

Dentre os recursos naturais disponíveis à manutenção da vida, a água se apresenta como de maior importância. Cerca de 67 % do consumo da água é feito pela agricultura irrigada, atividade que faz uso de técnicas e equipamentos para fornecer às plantas quantidade suficiente para garantir seu desenvolvimento e sobrevivência (ANA, 2017). A irrigação é essencial principalmente no semiárido brasileiro, onde a precipitação de chuvas não é regular e de baixa intensidade, o que provoca longos períodos de estiagem.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INOCUIDADE DE ALIMENTOS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Cordeiro da Silva Joice
Published: February 2022

As doenças transmitidas por alimento chamadas de DTA é um termo genérico,aplicado a uma síndrome geralmente constituída de náuseas, vômitos e/ou diarreia,acompanhada ou não de febre, relacionada à ingestão de alimentos ou água contaminados por microrganismos.De acordo com os dados epidemiológicos da ANVISA (BRASIL,2019) entre2009 a 2018 foram registrados 6.809 casos de surtos alimentares e cerca de 95,9% desses surtos foram associados ao consumo de alimentos contaminados por bactérias Escherichia coli, Salmonella e Sthaphylococcus aureus.
PROJETO DE CONTROLADORES ROBUSTOS PARA UM SISTEMA TÉRMICO DE AUTOMAÇÃO PREDIAL
Authors: De Souza de Oliveira Vanessa
Published: February 2022

Os ambientes prediais são responsáveis por uma grande parcela do uso de energia elétrica, seu uso eficiente pode resultar em uma grande contribuição (Rodrigues de Oliveira, 2010). Deve-se então buscar conforto térmico com o melhor aproveitamento de energia. Levando em consideração que a transferência de calor ocorre basicamente por condução, convecção e radiação, o valor que promove o conforto térmico torna-se subjetivo, pois a sensação de conforto está relacionada a variáveis pessoais e ambientais (Rodrigues de Oliveira, 2010). Mas, chegou-se a um valor aceitável para a maior parte das pessoas e segundo Creder (2004), as condições de conforto térmico no verão estão entre 23 e 25°C.
TEM DANÇA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL? REFLEXÕES SOBRE A DANÇA NA ESCOLA DO CAMPO
Authors: Dantas Bittencourt Pinhei Raquel Suellen
Published: February 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as contribuições que a dança proporciona às crianças da Educação Infantil do Campo e é parte integrante do projeto de pesquisa “Educação Infantil na zona rural: caracterização e análise do cenário de implementação das políticas de educação do campo no município de Feira de Santana”.
SERVIÇO TERRITORIAL DE APOIO À AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL: IMPACTO DOS PROGRAMAS, AÇÕES E PROJETOS NO TERRITÓRIO DE IDENTIDADE PORTAL DO SERTÃO NO PERÍODO DE 2015 - 2018
Authors: Da Silva Andrade Leão Benicio Abel
Published: February 2022

A pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar a instauração e espacialização do Serviço Territorial de Apoio à Agricultura Familiar (SETAF) durante o Governo Rui Costa (2015 - 2018) no Estado da Bahia. Desse modo, analisar os impactos no desenvolvimento rural dos programas, projetos e/ou ações implantados pelo SETAF. À vista disso, dando ênfase nos programas, projetos e/ou ações no Território de Identidade Portal do Sertão.
A RELEVÂNCIA DA ÉTICA DA CIDADANIA PARA A REALIZAÇÃO DA DEMOCRACIA DELIBERATIVA
Authors: De Almeida Daniel Lima
Published: February 2022

A falta de efetividade dos direitos fundamentais ainda se mostra um problema em sociedades contemporâneas, principalmente nas periféricas. Em razão disso, torna-se necessário discutir uma questão fundamental: como assegurar a efetividade dos direitos fundamentais através da constituição? Trata-se da discussão do processamento da normatividade jurídica frente à realidade fática existente.