bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkoxycarbonylation of Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates with Potassium Oxalate Monoesters.
Authors: Miao Jinmin , Fang Ping , Jagdeep Sahota , Ge Haibo
Published: May 2016

A radical‐mediated Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle is proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Use of Benzylic Alcohols for Gold(III)‐Catalyzed S‐Benzylation of Mercaptobenzoic Acids in Water.
Authors: Hikawa Hidemasa , Tada Ayaka , Kikkawa Shoko , Azumaya Isao
Published: May 2016

A gold(III)‐catalyzed direct substitution of benzylic alcohols in water is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Supported on Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Phosphine‐Free and Heterogeneous Catalyst for Suzuki and Stille Reactions.
Authors: Ghorbani‐Choghamarani Arash , Norouzi Masoomeh
Published: May 2016

The catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture and is reused with no loss of its activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Arylation with Arylboronic Acids: Facile and Modular Synthesis of Triarylmethanes
Authors: Rao H. Surya Prakash , Rao A. Veera Bhadra
Published: May 2016

Different triarylmethanes are obtained by a copper(II)‐catalyzed reaction of diarylmethanols with arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed C‐Allylating Partial Dearomatization of Naphthols.
Authors: Heid Berenice , Plietker Bernd
Published: May 2016

Partially dearomatized allylated chromenones are prepared as result of a fast O‐allylation followed by a sigmatropic rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reactions of Enones with Isatins to Access Functionalized Spirooxindole Tetrahydropyrans: Scope, Derivatization, and Discovery of Bioactives.
Authors: Cui Hai‐Lei , Chouthaiwale Pandurang V. , Yin Feng , Tanaka Fujie
Published: May 2016

A series of spirooxindole tetrahydropyrans (III) and (VIII) is prepared by an organocatalytic asymmetric hetero‐Diels—Alder reaction of isatins with enones.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Strategy for the Enantioselective Cycloaddition to Trisubstituted Nitroolefins to Create Spirocyclohexene‐Oxetane Scaffolds.
Authors: Monleon Alicia , Glaus Florian , Vergura Stefania , Joergensen Karl Anker
Published: May 2016

An efficient catalytic system is found for the unprecedented enantioselective cycloaddition of dienals such as (I), (IX), and (XI) to α,β,β‐trisubstituted nitroolefins (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Antitrypanosomal Activities of 2,6‐Disubstituted‐4,5,7‐trifluorobenzothiophenes.
Authors: Bhambra Avninder S. , Edgar Mark , Elsegood Mark R.J. , Li Yuqi , Weaver George W. , Arroo Randolph R.J. , Yardley Vanessa , Burrell‐Saward Hollie , Krystof Vladimir
Published: May 2016

New trifluorobenzothiophene derivatives (IIIb) and (Vb) show significant antitrypanosomal activities against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and no toxicity towards mammalian (MCF7) cells.
ChemInform Abstract: A Selective C—H Insertion/Olefination Protocol for the Synthesis of α‐Methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone Natural Products.
Authors: Lloyd Matthew G. , D'Acunto Mariantonietta , Taylor Richard J. K. , Unsworth William P.
Published: May 2016

An efficient one‐pot procedure is elaborated for the synthesis of a series of α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactones, including some natural products such as α‐cyclocostunolide (XIV).
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,3‐Diarylated Benzo[b]furans via Relay NHC and Palladium Catalysis.
Authors: Jia Yanyan , Li Tuanjie , Yu Chenxia , Jiang Bo , Yao Changsheng
Published: May 2016

An alternative approach to 2,3‐diarylated benzofurans (III) by virtue of the sequential catalysis of NHC and Pd from substituted 2′‐bromodiphenylbromomethanes (I) and aryl aldehydes (II) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective One‐Pot Synthesis of (1Z)‐ and (1E)‐1‐Arylmethylidene‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]benzimidazoles by Cyclization of Alk‐4‐ynals with O‐Diaminobenzene.
Authors: Gvozdev Valentin D. , Shavrin Konstantin N. , Egorov Mikhail P. , Nefedov Oleg M.
Published: May 2016

Depending on the reaction conditions, the cyclization of various alkynals with o‐diaminobenzene (I) yields (E)‐ or (Z)‐compounds (III) or (IV), (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: A Metal‐Free Tandem Ring‐Opening/Ring‐Closing Strategy for the Heterocyclic Conversion of Benzoxazin‐4‐ones to Oxazolines.
Authors: Rajesh Nomula , Manisha Banala , Ranjith Jala , Krishna Palakodety Radha
Published: May 2016

The title strategy features good to excellent reaction yields and mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Chromones.
Authors: Shen Chaoren , Li Wanfang , Yin Hongfei , Spannenberg Anke , Skrydstrup Troels , Wu Xiao‐Feng
Published: May 2016

The reaction sequence starts with a Pd‐catalyzed carbonylation of the ketone with o‐bromofluorobenzene to give vinyl benzoates, which subsequently transform into 1,3‐diketones via a Claisen—Hasse rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐(2‐Aminophenyl)quinazoline‐4‐amine and Reaction with Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Marinho Elina , Proenca M. Fernanda
Published: May 2016

Tetracyclic dihydroquinazolines are synthesized in high yields from the title amine and aldehydes under both conventional heating and microwave conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Site Selective Synthesis of Cytotoxic 1,3,6‐Trisubstituted 3,6‐Diunsaturated (3Z,6Z)‐2,5‐Diketopiperazines via a One‐Pot Multicomponent Method.
Authors: Liao Sheng‐Rong , Du Li‐Juan , Qin Xiao‐Chu , Xu Liang , Wang Jun‐Feng , Zhou Xue‐Feng , Tu Zheng‐Chao , Li Juan , Liu Yong‐Hong
Published: May 2016

A one‐pot protocol is presented for the reaction of 1,4‐diacetyl‐2,5‐diketopiperazine with a halohydrocarbon and one or two different aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Rhamnopyranosides via Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Glycosylation with 2‐Alkynyl‐4‐nitro‐benzoate Donors
Authors: Zhu Yugen , Shen Zhengnan , Li Wei , Yu Biao
Published: May 2016

11 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Schoberine B, an Alkaloid with an Unprecedented Straight C5 Side Chain, and Myriberine B from Myrioneuron faberi.
Authors: Cao Ming‐Ming , Zhang Yu , Peng Zong‐Gen , Jiang Jian‐Dong , Gao Yue‐Jiao , Hao Xiao‐Jiang
Published: May 2016

Schoberine B (I) and myriberine B (II) show moderate inhibitory activity against hepatitis C virus in vitro.
ChemInform Abstract: Collective Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptophan‐Based Dimeric Diketopiperazine Alkaloids.
Authors: Tadano Shinji , Sugimachi Yukihiro , Sumimoto Michinori , Tsukamoto Sachiko , Ishikawa Hayato
Published: May 2016

Novel concise syntheses of a series of tryptophan‐based dimeric diketopiperazine alkaloids, such as eurocristatine (IV), WIN 64745, asperdimin, and naseseazine A and B are disclosed.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Synthesis of (+)‐Lycopalhine A.
Authors: Williams Benjamin M. , Trauner Dirk
Published: May 2016

Two amino acids play a key role in the total synthesis of lycopalhine A (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Allylboration‐Prins Reaction for the Rapid Construction of Substituted Tetrahydropyrans: Application to the Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Clavosolide A.
Authors: Millan Alba , Smith James R. , Chen Jack L.‐Y. , Aggarwal Varinder K.
Published: May 2016

The total synthesis of (‐)‐clavosolide A (VIII) is carried out via a three‐component allylboration—Prins reaction of boronic ester (I) with aldehydes (II) and (III) and a lithiation—borylation reaction of intermediate (V) as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Quinoxaline Derivatives: Review (Part 1)
Authors: Dhanaraj Justin C. , Johnson Jijo
Published: May 2016

Review: synthesis, characterization and physico‐chemical properties; 175 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Shakeup of Metal‐Organic Frameworks: The Rise of the Sidekick
Authors: He Jun , Zeller Matthias , Hunter Allen D. , Xu Zhengtao
Published: May 2016

Review: 65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Active Methylenes in the Synthesis of a Pyrrole Motif: An Imperative Structural Unit of Pharmaceuticals, Natural Products and Optoelectronic Materials
Authors: Khajuria Rajni , Dham Sumita , Kapoor Kamal K.
Published: May 2016

Review: [136 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Couplings of Alkynes to 1,3‐Enynes: Modern Methods and Synthetic Applications
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Masters James T.
Published: May 2016

Review: [61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Aminoboronic Acids
Authors: Andres Patricia , Ballano Gema , Calaza M. Isabel , Cativiela Carlos
Published: May 2016

Review: [67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview of Renewable Hydrogen Production from Thermochemical Process of Oil Palm Solid Waste in Malaysia
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Ehsan , Wahid Mazlan Abdul , Ganjehkaviri A.
Published: May 2016

Review: 131 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rational Control of Nano‐Scale Metal‐Catalysts for Biomass Conversion
Authors: Wang Yunzhu , De Sudipta , Yan Ning
Published: May 2016

Review: [111 refs.
Event space model in virtual and real society based on special field
Authors: Xue Yunlan , Xu Lingyu , Yu Jie , Wang Lei , Zhang Gaowei
Published: May 2016

With the development and popularization of Internet big data, the cyber world nearly parallels to the real world to reflect social hot event. However, the multi‐source and heterogeneity features of reality data lead to incompleteness and unreality based on Internet data. To solve the above issues, we propose Event Space Model (ESM) for event analysis by multi‐viewer. In the model, each event is mapped into Network Public Opinion Data Space (OS) and Actual Behavior Data Space (BS). In addition, we propose an Event Starting Point Discovery Algorithm (ESPDA) to effectively detect starting point of event and to identify the representation of event trajectory in OS and BS. The experimental results prove that the ESM represent event from multi‐viewer, while the ESPDA intensively identify events and improve recall and precision of starting point of event. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The potential of identification of a malignancy‐associated biomarker in breast cancer diagnosis and research: hTERT gene DNA methylation
Authors: Masood Shahla , El‐Gabry Ehab , Zhang Chuhua , Wang Zhiqianq
Published: May 2016

Background

DNA hypermethylation has been documented to be prominent at a CpG island rich region about 600 bp upstream the transcription start site of the hTERT gene using qualitative methylation specific PCR on DNA isolated from tumor cell lines. In order to assess the potential significance of this biomarker in breast cancer research and diagnosis, we explored if such findings are reproducible on surgically resected fresh breast tumor cells.

Methods

Using quantitative pyrosequencing technology, we investigated and present methylation status of four CpG islands of this region in a cohort of 77 invasive breast carcinomas using normal breast tissue as controls.

Results

Globally, a significant hypermethylation in tumor cells was observed in the four CpG islands as a sum, in comparison to methylation of the normal breast tissue. Individually, certain CpG islands displayed methylation greater than 50% in about 3/4 of the 77 breast cancers, but in none of the normal breast tissue. Our results highlight the value of DNA hypermethylation in the −600 bp region of the hTERT gene as a potential marker for breast cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions

We believe that integration of this novel, malignancy‐associated molecular testing with morphology is of significant value in the accurate interpretation of small tumor sample size obtained via fine needle aspiration biopsy, ductal lavage, and nipple fluid aspirates both in clinical practice and in breast cancer research. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:670–675. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genetic differentiation of the pine processionary moth at the southern edge of its range: contrasting patterns between mitochondrial and nuclear markers
Authors: El Mokhefi M'hamed , Kerdelhué Carole , Burban Christian , Battisti Andrea , Chakali Gahdab , Simonato Mauro
Published: May 2016

The pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) is an important pest of coniferous forests at the southern edge of its range in Maghreb. Based on mitochondrial markers, a strong genetic differentiation was previously found in this species between western (pityocampaclade) and eastern Maghreb populations (ENAclade), with the contact zone between the clades located in Algeria. We focused on the moth range in Algeria, using both mitochondrial (a 648 bp fragment of thetRNA‐cox2) and nuclear (11 microsatellite loci) markers. A further analysis using a shorter mtDNAfragment and the same microsatellite loci was carried out on a transect in the contact zone between the mitochondrial clades. Mitochondrial diversity showed a strong geographical structure and a well‐defined contact zone between the two clades. In particular, in thepityocampaclade, two inner subclades were found whereasENAdid not show any further structure. Microsatellite analysis outlined a different pattern of differentiation, with two main groups not overlapping with the mitochondrial clades. The inconsistency between mitochondrial and nuclear markers is probably explained by sex‐biased dispersal and recent afforestation efforts that have bridged isolated populations.
Seasonal spatial dynamics of floodplain macrophyte and periphyton abundance in the Alligator Rivers region (Kakadu) of northern Australia
Authors: Ward D. P. , Pettit N. E. , Adame M. , Douglas M. M. , Setterfield S. A. , Bunn S. E.
Published: May 2016

Isotope studies of freshwater aquatic habitats have shown that epiphytic algae in the form of periphyton provides much of the source material for the biomass of secondary aquatic producers. Consequently, methods that can quantify the seasonal abundance of periphyton are important spatial inputs for wetland management and conservation planning processes for tropical floodplains. In this study, estimation of the seasonal spatial variability in floodplain macrophyte and periphyton abundance was made for the floodplains of the Kakadu region in northern Australia. Statistical modelling, using remotely sensed information, was applied to predict the seasonal distributions of macrophyte structural types, which were then combined with the field measurements of periphyton biomass to produce seasonal distributions of floodplain periphyton biomass per unit area. The seasonal spatial distribution of periphyton was strongly influenced by the seasonal variation in macrophyte abundance. Vertical emergent macrophytes (mainly aquatic grasses), covering 70% of the floodplain in May, had the lowest periphyton abundance. Submerged macrophytes, covering 10–15% of the floodplains, had the greatest periphyton abundance. The submerged macrophytes occupied open water areas, mainly in the deeper backswamp areas on the edges of the floodplains, and these areas maintained high periphyton abundance into the dry season. This study provides explicit spatial representation of the seasonal dynamics of tropical floodplain macrophyte and periphyton abundance and presents an approach that can be applied to map ‘hotspots’ of floodplain periphyton abundance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in movements of northern pike inhabiting rivers with contrasting flow regimes
Authors: Harvey‐Lavoie Simonne , Cooke Steven J. , Guénard Guillaume , Boisclair Daniel
Published: May 2016

Little is known about the effect of short‐term flow changes on the movement of northern pike (Esox lucius L.). We conducted a comparative study in two rivers with different flow regimes (i.e. one regulated and one unregulated) to evaluate the extent to which adult northern pike movement is influenced by short‐term river flow conditions. Data on northern pike hourly movement were collected in northeastern Ontario on 40 individuals in the Mississagi River, a river subjected to extreme daily flow variations associated with hydro‐electric operations (i.e. hydropeaking), and the Aubinadong River, an unregulated river. Using manual tracking by radio‐telemetry, we found that northern pike moved at a higher rate in the river subjected to short‐term changes in river flow than in the unregulated river. Results also show that the relationship between movement of northern pike and flow can vary among rivers. In the Mississagi River, flow had a significant positive effect on northern pike activity, while the effect of flow in the Aubinadong River depended on water temperature. Moreover, fish in the Mississagi River utilized a restricted river section and travelled more laterally in comparison to fish inhabiting the Aubinadong River, where longer upstream‐downstream movements were more common. The present study contributes to our understanding of the effects of short‐term changes in flow on fish movement. This constitutes the first step towards assessing the effect of flow on fish habitat use, and eventually developing flow management strategies to mitigate impacts on fish. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vanadium Aminophenolate Complexes and Their Catalytic Activity in Aerobic and H2O2‐Mediated Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Elkurtehi Ali I. , Walsh Andrew G. , Dawe Louise N. , Kerton Francesca M.
Published: May 2016

Vanadium compounds supported by tetradentate amino‐bis(phenolate) ligands, [VO(OMe)(O2NOBuMeMeth)] (1), [VO(OMe)(ON2OBuMe)] (2), [VO(OMe)(O2NNBuBuPy)] (3), and [VO(OMe)(O2NOBuBuFurf)] (4) [where (O2NOBuMeMeth) = MeOCH2CH2N(CH2ArOH)2, Ar = 3,5‐C6H2‐Me, tBu; (ON2OBuMe) = HOArCH2NMeCH2CH2NMeCH2ArOH, Ar = 3,5‐C6H2‐Me, tBu; (O2NNBuBuPy) = C5H4NCH2N(CH2ArOH)2, Ar = 3,5‐C6H2‐tBu2; (O2NOBuBuFurf) = C4H3OCH2N(CH2ArOH)2, Ar = 3,5‐C6H2‐tBu2] were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry and UV/Vis data. The catalytic activity of 1–4 as homogeneous catalysts in the aerobic oxidation of 4‐methoxybenzyl alcohol and 1,2‐diphenyl‐2‐methoxyethanol was explored. 1 and 2 showed moderately superior activity compared with 3 and 4, which might be due to increased stability of these complexes. 1–4 showed limited reactivity in H2O2‐mediated oxidation of diphenyl ether and benzyl phenyl ether.
Streptavidin‐polypyrrole Film as Platform for Biotinylated Redox Probe Immobilization for Electrochemical Immunosensor Application
Authors: Miodek Anna , Lê Huu Quynh Anh , Sauriat‐Dorizon Helene , Korri‐Youssoufi Hafsa
Published: May 2016

A platform for construction of multi‐array electrochemical immunosensors was developed in which the measurement could be performed by various targets depending on the potential ranges of electrochemical detection. This was demonstrated by the immobilization of biotinylated redox molecules such as viologen and ferrocene, on modified polypyrrole‐streptavidin film. The polypyrrole film was modified by streptavidin layer, which serves for both the attachment of biotinylated redox marker and biotinylated antibody. Such biologically modified surface exhibits variation of electrochemical response of redox molecule at various potential ranges after antibody/antigen interaction. The measurement of redox signal of viologen and ferrocene was analyzed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method and underlines a variation of redox properties upon the antigen interaction. Viologen immobilized on polypyrrole /streptavidin surface shows a redox signal at −1.2 V versus Ag/AgCl corresponding to the reduction of dicationic viologen to neutral viologen within 2 electrons process. Immobilized biotinylated ferrocene exhibits redox signal at 0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl. We demonstrate that when the biolayer bearing antibody is in contact with antigen, the redox signal of ferrocene or viologen was modified. The variation of current signal is directly related to the concentration of antigen in solution. A detection limit of pg.mL−1 was obtained demonstrating the sensitivity of such electrochemical immunosensor. The modified streptavidin polypyrrole surface bearing various biotinylated redox markers is a proof of concept for multi‐array electrochemical detection system of complex sample.
Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic geochemistry of phenocrysts in pumice from the central Okinawa Trough
Authors: Guo Kun , Zhai Shikui , Yu Zenghui , Cai Zongwei , Zhang Xia
Published: May 2016

Pumice is the most widely distributed magmatic rock in the Okinawa Trough. Numerous scholars have conducted extensive research on the mineralogy, petrochemistry and whole‐rock isotopic characteristics of pumice. However, even with extensive research, some information about pumice is still unknown, including the initial provenance of magma, influences from subducting plates and the possibility of crustal material (including sediments) mixing in during pumice formation. As pumice is loose and porous, seawater re‐modification and injection of sediments may occur during the condensation and rock‐forming process after magma erupts from the seafloor, or in the seawater immersion process after pumice formation. In order to get a better understanding of the isotopic characteristics of magmatism phase, phenocrysts were first separated from the pumice and divided into both light and heavy minerals to analyse their Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic composition. This information was combined with existing isotopic data of volcanic rocks from the Okinawa Trough and its adjacent areas to assess the magma source composition, influence from subduction components and mantle properties in the magmatic source. The research results indicated light minerals had an average 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.70454, while heavy minerals averaged 0.70546. The magma, formed pumice, was a product of the crystal fractionation evolution of basic magma, with the additional injection of crustal material. The magma source in the central trough is a mixture of depleted MORB mantle (DMM) and enriched mantle (EMI‐like and EMII‐like) end members, where the EMI‐like end member is the residual subcontinental lithosphere or lower crustal material and the EMII‐like end member is subducted oceanic sediments. The Pb isotopic composition indicated that the magma source was affected by subduction components (sediments) and that pumice magma was mixed with more sediment than basalt magma material in the same area. The mantle of the magma source in the Okinawa Trough showed signatures of the Indian Ocean‐type mantle. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Task interspersal for individuals with autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Rapp John T. , Gunby Kristin
Published: May 2016

This paper reviews recent studies on task interspersal (TI) for increasing skill acquisition in children who have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders and other neurodevelopmental disorders. We highlight some limitations of these studies and provide specific recommendations for future research on TI procedures.
Hemolysis Affects C‐Peptide Immunoassay
Authors: Wu Zhi‐Qi , Lu Ju , Xu Hua‐Guo
Published: May 2016

Background

C‐peptide is used widely as a marker of insulin secretion, and it participates in the inflammatory response and contributes to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have reported that C‐peptide measurement was unaffected by hemolysis. However, we found that hemolysis negatively affected C‐peptide assay in routine laboratory practice. We further established and validated an individualized hemolysis correction equation to correct and report accurate serum C‐peptide results for hemolyzed samples.

Methods

We studied the effects of hemolysis on C‐peptide assay by adding lysed self red blood cells (self‐RBCs) to serum. An individualized correction equation was derived. Further, we evaluated the performance of this individualized correction equation by artificially hemolyzed samples.

Results

C‐peptide concentration decreased with increasing degree and exposure time of hemolysis. The individualized hemolysis correction equation derived: C‐Pcorr = C‐Pmeas/(0.969−1.5Hbserum/plasma−5.394 ×10−5 Time), which can correct bias in C‐peptide measurement caused by hemolysis.

Conclusions

Hemolysis negatively affects C‐peptide measurement. We can correct and report accurate serum C‐peptide results for a wide range of degrees of sample hemolysis by individualized hemolysis correction equation for C‐peptide assay. This correction would improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce inappropriate therapeutic decisions.
Use of the retrograde limb of the internal mammary vein to avoid venous congestion in DIEP flap breast reconstruction: Further evidences of a reliable and time‐sparing procedure
Authors: La Padula Simone , Hersant Barbara , Noel Warren , Niddam Jeremy , Hermeziu Oana , Bouhassira Jonathan , Bosc Romain , Meningaud Jean Paul
Published: May 2016

Aim

Venous congestion is a common cause of DIEP flap failure. When identified intraoperatively, an additional venous anastomosis can improve the venous outflow and prevent flap failure. The aim of this study was to assess if the retrograde limb of the internal mammary vein (IMV) could be considered a good recipient vessel to be used when persistent flap congestion is present, and a second venous anastomosis is required.

Patients and methods

A retrospective study was conducted in 74 patients who had undergone DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Patients were classified into two groups: SVA (single venous anastomosis) and DVA (dual venous anastomosis). In the SVA group (n = 38), the IMV antegrade limb was used for venous drainage. A single DIEV (Deep Inferior Epigastric Vein) was anastomosed to the superior arm of the IMV. In the DVA group (n = 36), both the antegrade (superior) and retrograde (inferior) stumps of the IMV were used, connecting the larger DIEV to the antegrade IMV and the other DIEV or the SIEV (Superficial Inferior Epigastric Vein) to the IMV retrograde limb.

Results

No venous congestion or flap loss was observed when two venous anastomoses were performed using both the IMV antegrade and retrograde limbs (P = 0.3271). In the DVA group, no major complication occurred (P = 0.0453). Operative explorations were significantly reduced in the DVA group (P = 0.0242).

Conclusion

These findings suggest that when an additional venous outflow is required, the use of the IMV retrograde limb may help to avoid flap venous congestion. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:447–452, 2016.
Lagrange multiplier and singular limit of double obstacle problems for the Allen–Cahn equation with constraint
Authors: Farshbaf‐Shaker Mohammad Hassan , Fukao Takeshi , Yamazaki Noriaki
Published: May 2016

We study the properties of the Lagrange multiplier for an Allen–Cahn equation with a double obstacle potential. Here, the dynamic boundary condition, including the Laplace–Beltrami operator on the boundary, is investigated. We then establish the singular limit of our system and clarify the limit of the solution and the Lagrange multiplier of our problem. We present remarks on a trace problem as well as on the Neumann boundary condition. Moreover, we describe a numerical experiment for a problem with Neumann boundary condition using the Lagrange multiplier. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Matrix measure on time scales and almost periodic analysis of the impulsive Lasota–Wazewska model with patch structure and forced perturbations
Authors: Wang Chao , Agarwal Ravi P. , O'Regan Donal
Published: May 2016

In this paper, a new impulsive Lasota–Wazewska model with patch structure and forced perturbed terms is proposed and analyzed on almost periodic time scales. For this, we introduce the concept of matrix measure on time scales and obtain some of its properties. Then, sufficient conditions are established which ensure the existence and exponential stability of positive almost periodic solutions of the proposed biological model. Our results are new even when the time scale is almost periodic, in particular, for periodic time scales on
or
. An example is given to illustrate the theory. Finally, we present some phenomena which are triggered by almost periodic time scales. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A compact multiband PIFA for handheld RFID applications
Authors: Huang Min‐Guang , Xie Ze‐Min , Lai Xiao‐Zheng
Published: May 2016

In this article, a compact multiband planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) is proposed to cover three frequency bands for RFID operation: 920–925 MHz, 2.4–2.48 GHz, 5.815–5.875 GHz. The multiband PIFA has the advantage of compact size of 55 × 40 × 0.8 mm3. The antenna proposed herein was composed of a modified planar inverted‐F with a loaded arm and a parasitic inverted‐L. The lowest band is achieved by the modified planar inverted‐F and the highest band is achieved by the parasitic inverted‐L. With the loaded arm, the band from 2.4 GHz to 2.48 GHz is achieved. The current distribution and radiation patterns are studied in this article. The antenna was fabricated on the FR4 substrate, providing the return loss less than −10 dB over all bands of interest. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1934–1937, 2016
Design of broadband double‐curved cross dipole ESPAR antennas
Authors: Myo Kyaw Ye , Oh Jung‐Hun , Choi Hak‐Keun
Published: May 2016

The design of a broadband ESPAR (electrically steerable passive array radiator) antenna for broadband modern communication systems is proposed in this article. A compact broadband cross dipole ESPAR antenna comprises of single active element with cross type and six parasitic elements with cylindrical type. The cross dipole of active element modified with double‐curved each radius. Reactance devices are loaded on each parasitic element to control radiation pattern. It satisfied return loss less than −10 dB from bandwidth 2.35 GHz and 2.48 GHz. The radiation patterns are in the same direction and gain has each 4.5 dBi, 4.6 dBi, and 5.3 dBi at resonant frequencies 2.35 GHz, 2.42 GHz, and 2.48 GHz, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1922–1926, 2016
Multimode ultra‐wideband filters by using a grounded open ring resonator
Authors: Moradi Bahareh , Martinez‐Iranzo Ursula , Garcia‐Garcia Joan
Published: May 2016

This paper reports a novel multimode resonator (MMR) ultra‐wide band‐pass (UWB) filter design using a grounded open ring resonator. The utilization of 30 μm gaps between input ports and the central resonator achieve high coupling level. Five resonant modes are used to perform a 128% fractional bandwidth at 4.3 GHz. The fabricated prototype exhibits a band‐pass with insertion losses around 0.5 dB. A theoretical model based on transmission lines matrices is proposed and used to explore the limits of the design through different parametric analysis. Excellent agreement between theoretical predictions, electromagnetic simulations and measurement are found. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2001–2004, 2016
A self‐oscillating mixer with double‐conversion structure for 77 GHz applications
Authors: Lee Sang‐Jin , Uhm Wonyoung , Choi Seokgyu , Ryu Keun‐Kwan , Kim Sung‐Chan
Published: May 2016

We demonstrated a novel self‐oscillating up‐conversion mixer with double‐conversion structure in order to overcome a high conversion loss of a self‐oscillating sub‐harmonic up‐conversion mixer. The self‐oscillating double‐conversion mixer consists of a self‐oscillating up‐conversion mixer and an up‐conversion gate mixer, based on two 100 nm pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors (PHEMTs). The mixer has an operating frequency of 77 GHz due to the double‐conversion of self‐generated fundamental LO frequency of 38.5 GHz. The mixer exhibits a good conversion gain of 3.87 dB and a phase noise of −92.9 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1989–1993, 2016
Surgical protocol violations in children with renal tumors provides an opportunity to improve pediatric cancer care: a report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Ehrlich Peter F. , Hamilton Thomas E. , Gow Kenneth , Barnhart Douglas , Ferrer Fernando , Kandel Jessica , Glick Richard , Dasgupta Roshni , Naranjo Arlene , He Ying , Perlman Elizabeth J. , Kalapurakal John A. , Khanna Geetika , Dome Jeffrey S. , Geller James , Mullen Elizabeth
Published: May 2016

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of surgical protocol violations (SPVs) among children undergoing surgery for renal tumors who were enrolled on the Children's Oncology Group (COG) renal tumor biology and classification study AREN03B2.

Methods

AREN03B2 was opened in February 2006, and as on March 31, 2013, there were 3,664 eligible patients. The surgical review forms for 3,536 patients with unilateral disease were centrally reviewed for SPVs. The frequency, type, number of violations, institutional prevalence, and quartiles for SPVs were assessed.

Results

Of the 3,536 patients, there were a total of 505 with at least one SPV (564 total SPVs reported), for an overall incidence of 14.28%. The types of SPVs included a lack of lymph node sampling in 365 (64.7%), avoidable spill in 61 (10.8%), biopsy immediately before nephrectomy in 89 (15.8%), an incorrect abdominal incision in 32 (5.7%), and unnecessary resection of organs in 17 (3.0%). The SPVs occurred in 163 of 215 participating institutions (75.8%). For centers with at least one SPV, the mean number of SPVs reported was 3.10 ± 2.39 (mean ± standard deviation). The incidence of protocol violation per institution ranged from 0 to 67%. Centers with an average of ≤1 case/year had an incidence of SPVs of 12.2 ± 3.8%, those with an average of >1 to <4 cases/year had an incidence of SPVs of 16.4 ± 3.6%, and those with an average of ≥4 cases/year had an incidence of SPVs of 12.6 ± 5.5% (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

SPVs that potentially result in additional exposure to chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not uncommon in children undergoing resection of renal malignancies.
Rivaroxaban versus warfarin and dabigatran in atrial fibrillation: comparative effectiveness and safety in Danish routine care
Authors: Gorst‐Rasmussen Anders , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Bjerregaard Larsen Torben
Published: May 2016

Purpose

To evaluate effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin or dabigatran etexilate in a prospective cohort of routine care non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients during February 2012 to August 2014.

Methods

We identified in nationwide health registries a cohort of AF patients who were new‐users of rivaroxaban 15 mg (R15) or 20 mg (R20); dabigatran 110 mg (D110) or 150 mg (D150); or warfarin. Propensity‐adjusted Cox regression was used to compare outcome rates in four settings: ‘R15 vs. warfarin’; ‘R15 vs. D110’; ‘R20 vs. warfarin’; and ‘R20 vs. D150’.

Results

Rivaroxaban users (R15: n = 776; R20: n = 1629) were older and with more comorbidities than warfarin (n = 11 045) and dabigatran users (D110: n = 3588; D150: n = 5320). Rivaroxaban 15‐mg users had the overall highest crude mortality rate. After propensity adjustment, rivaroxaban had lower stroke rates vs. warfarin (R15: hazard ratio [HR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.82; R20 HR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.51–1.01), and similar stroke rates vs. dabigatran. The bleeding rate was similar to warfarin and moderately higher vs. dabigatran (R15 vs. D110 HR: 1.28, 95%CI: 0.82–2.01; R20 vs. D150 HR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.25–2.62). The mortality rate was higher vs. dabigatran (R15 vs. D110 HR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.13–1.81; R20 vs. D150 HR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.06–2.19).

Conclusions

Rivaroxaban was associated with similar or lower stroke rates, but higher bleeding and mortality rates. Channeling of rivaroxaban towards elderly and less healthy patients may have generated residual confounding. In particular, our findings cannot stand alone when deciding which oral anticoagulant to prescribe. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hospitalization and other risk factors for depressive and anxious symptoms in oncological and non‐oncological patients
Authors: De Fazio Pasquale , Cerminara Gregorio , Ruberto Stefania , Caroleo Mariarita , Puca Maurizio , Rania Ornella , Suffredini Elina , Procopio Leonardo , Segura‐Garcìa Cristina
Published: May 2016

Objective

Depression and anxiety are common in hospitalized patients. In particular, oncological patients might be vulnerable to depression and anxiety. The aim of this study is to assess and compare different variables and the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms between oncological and medically ill inpatients and to identify variables that can influence depressive and anxious symptoms during hospitalization of patients.

Methods

A total of 360 consecutive hospitalized patients completed the following questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Patients Health Questionnaire‐9, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12), 12‐Item Short‐Form Survey: physical component summary (PCS), and mental component summary (MCS). Patients were divided into oncological patients and non‐oncological patients: groups 1 and 2.

Results

Only two significant differences were evident between the groups: the PCS of 12‐item Short‐form Survey was higher in non‐oncological patient (p < 0.000), and the GHQ total score was higher in oncological patients. Variables significantly associated with HADS‐D ≥ 8 were lower MCS, higher GHQ‐12 score, lower PCS, more numerous previous hospitalizations, longer duration of hospitalization, and positive psychiatric family history. Variables significantly associated with HADS‐A ≥ 8 were lower MCS, higher GHQ‐12 score, positive psychiatric family history, longer duration of hospitalization, and younger age.

Conclusions

Anxiety and depression symptoms in concurrent general medical conditions were associated with a specific sociodemographic profile, and this association has implications for clinical care. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Prokinetic, Laxative, and Antidiarrheal Effects of Morus nigra: Possible Muscarinic, Ca2+ Channel Blocking, and Antimuscarinic Mechanisms
Authors: Akhlaq Anam , Mehmood Malik Hassan , Rehman Abdul , Ashraf Zohaib , Syed Sadia , Bawany Samira Ahmed , Gilani Anwarul‐Hassan , Ilyas Maimoona , Siddiqui Bina Shaheen
Published: May 2016

Morus nigra Linn. (black mulberry) is used in gastrointestinal ailments. This study demonstrates gut modulatory properties of M. nigra. The prokinetic, laxative, and antidiarrheal activities of M. nigra were assessed in mice, while isolated rabbit jejunum and guinea‐pig ileum were used to explore insight into mechanism(s). At 30 and 70 mg/kg, the crude extract of M. nigra (Mn.Cr) exhibited atropine‐sensitive prokinetic and laxative effects, similar to carbachol (CCh). While at higher doses (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg), Mn.Cr offered protection against castor oil‐induced diarrhea. In rabbit jejunum, Mn.Cr and its chloroform fraction inhibited CCh‐induced contractions more potently compared with high K+ (80 mm). Conversely, petroleum fraction was more potent against high‐K+‐induced contractions. At 0.01 mg/mL, Mn.Cr caused a parallel shift in acetylcholine concentration–response curves (CRCs) followed by a non‐parallel shift at 0.03 mg/mL, similar to dicyclomine. At further tested concentrations, Mn.Cr (0.1 and 0.3 mg/mL) and petroleum fraction suppressed Ca2+ CRCs, similar to verapamil. In guinea‐pig ileum, Mn.Cr, its aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited atropine‐sensitive gut stimulant activity along with additional uncharacterized excitatory response in the aqueous fraction only. These results suggest that black mulberry possesses prokinetic, laxative, and antidiarrheal effects, putatively mediated through cholinomimetic, antimuscarinic, and Ca2+ antagonist mechanisms, respectively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Bayesian Network to Ease Knowledge Acquisition of Causal Dependence in CREAM: Application of Recursive Noisy‐OR Gates
Authors: Ashrafi Maryam , Davoudpour Hamid , Khodakarami Vahid
Published: May 2016

Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) is a common Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) method of second generation. In this paper, to improve the capabilities of CREAM, we propose a probabilistic method based on Bayesian Network (BN) to determine control mode and quantify Human Error Probability (HEP). The BN development process is described in a four‐phase methodology including (i) definition of the nodes and their states; (ii) building the graphical structure; (iii) quantification of BN through assessment of the Conditional Probability Tables (CPT) values and (iv) model validation. Intractability of knowledge acquisition of large CPTs is the most significant limitation of existing BN model of CREAM. So, the main contribution of this paper lies in its application of Recursive Noisy‐OR (RN‐OR) gate to treat large CPTs assessment and ease knowledge acquisition. RN‐OR allows combination of dependent Common Performance Conditions (CPCs). Finally, a quantitative HEP analysis is applied to enable more precise estimation of HEP through a probabilistic approach. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Learner Engagement: A Review of Approaches in the Psychology of Education and Art Education
Authors: Kinsella Claire , Putwain David W. , Kaye Linda K.
Published: May 2016

This article critically examines the concept of ‘engagement’ as it has emerged within two distinct bodies of literature in the fields of art education and the psychology of education. In order to grapple with the heterogeneous nature of this literature, a meta‐narrative review was conducted whereby recurring narratives from various sub‐fields including special educational needs, gallery education and human development, were systematically identified and analysed in order to clarify the diversity of ways in which the concept of engagement is used within different research traditions. Areas of overlap between the ways in which the concept is understood and treated within these various texts were examined, as well as a consideration of the potential for any tensions to arise between them. It will be argued that the gap between the manner in which learner engagement is conceived and employed within these disciplines is not as wide as one might presume and that rather than these being incongruous with one another, in many respects, the approaches adopted within each discipline are complementary. It will be suggested that with further disciplinary exchange, especially with respect to the role of educational artefacts and social signals arising during the learning process, wider scope arises for advancing our understanding of learner engagement.
Behavioral research as physical enrichment for captive chimpanzees
Authors: Hopper Lydia M. , Shender Marisa A. , Ross Stephen R.
Published: May 2016

In this study, we evaluated the potential for a behavioral research study, designed to evaluate chimpanzee decision‐making behavior, to also encourage increased activity in a group of zoo‐housed chimpanzees. For the behavioral study, the chimpanzees had to carry tokens to different locations such that they always had to travel farther to obtain a more‐preferred reward. We recorded the distance travelled by each subject in each of the three phases of the 15‐month study. By the final phase, the chimpanzees’ rate of travel during test sessions was significantly higher compared to their baseline activity. Importantly, the chimpanzees’ increase in locomotion was not dependent on their participation in the study; rate of travel was not correlated with number of tokens exchanged. However, the chimpanzees’ activity returned to baseline within 2 hr of the 30‐min test sessions. This study emphasizes the role that research can have in providing enrichment, the importance for long‐term enrichment plans, and the essential need to evaluate the impact of research on animal participants, just as we evaluate the efficacy of enrichment strategies. Zoo Biol. 35:293–297, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exercise preconditioning reduces neonatal incision surgery‐induced enhanced hyperalgesia via inhibition of P38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and IL‐1β, TNF‐α release
Authors: Gong Xingrui , Jiang Jing , Zhang Mazhong
Published: May 2016

Neonatal surgery leads to enhanced hyperalgesia to noxious stimulation in adulthood via a mechanism caused by enhanced phosphorylated (p)‐p38 expression in microglia. We tested the effect of exercise on reducing enhanced hypersensitivity primed by neonatal incision surgery. Adult female Wistar rats, with or without neonatal incision surgery at postnatal day (P) 3, received right hind paw plantar incision surgery under anesthesia at P44. The rats performed wheel‐running exercise from P22 to P41. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were measured and ipsilateral spinal cords were collected for protein quantification. For PWT and PWL, exercise reduced the pain index after incision surgery at P44 in rats with neonatal surgery (P < 0.01). Western blots showed that exercise suppressed P‐p38 expression relative to adult rats without neonatal surgery (P < 0.05). Results of ELISA showed that exercise reduced IL‐1β and TNF‐α (P < 0.05) concentration in the ipsilateral spinal cord. Exercise preconditioning is an effective approach to reducing enhanced adult hyperalgesia primed by neonatal surgery. The mechanism may be explained by exercise‐induced inhibition of P‐p38 activation and IL‐1β, TNF‐α release.
Tools and Checklists Used for the Evaluation of Hospital Disaster Preparedness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nekoie-Moghadam Mahmood , Kurland Lisa , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Ingrassia Pier Luigi , Della Corte Francesco , Djalali Ahmadreza
Published: May 2016

Hospitals need to be fully operative during disasters. It is therefore essential to be able to evaluate hospital preparedness. However, there is no consensus of a standardized, comprehensive and reliable tool with which to measure hospital preparedness. The aim of the current study was to perform a systematic review of evaluation tools for hospital disaster preparedness. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The key words “crisis,” “disaster,” “disaster medicine,” “emergency,” “mass casualty,” “hospital preparedness,” “hospital readiness,” “hospital assessment,” “hospital evaluation,” “hospital appraisal,” “planning,” “checklist,” and “medical facility” were used in combination with the Boolean operators “OR” and “AND.” PubMed (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD), ISI Web of Science (Thomson Reuters, New York, NY), and Scopus (Elsevier, New York, NY) were searched. A total of 51,809 publications were screened. The following themes were required for relevance: logistics, planning, human resources, triage, communication, command and control, structural and nonstructural preparedness, training, evacuation, recovery after disaster, coordination, transportation, surge capacity, and safety. The results from 15 publications are presented. Fifteen articles fulfilled the criteria of relevance and considered at least 1 of the 14 predetermined themes. None of the evaluated checklists and tools included all dimensions required for an appropriate hospital preparedness evaluation. The results of the current systematic review could be used as a basis for designing an evaluation tool for hospital disaster preparedness. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 8)