bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF DESTRUCTIVE FACTORS ON THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Ivonchak Iryna
Published: October 2021

The article highlights the main destructive factors influencing the economic security of business, namely: risks, threats and dangers, the impact of which leads to undesirable changes in the structure, functions, parameters and effectiveness of business.
In the context of scientific research on the nature and relationship of the concepts of «risk», «danger», «threat», as well as their impact on business, the work of both foreign and domestic scientists. The analysis of modern economic scientific literature made it possible to explore the theoretical and methodological approaches of both domestic and foreign scientists in the interpretation of these economic categories. In turn, this allowed us to summarize and present the most common of the existing approaches to defining the categories of «threat», «risk» and «danger» using a table.
According to this study, a significant variety of approaches to these economic categories was identified, which led to an imbalance among scientific views and made it difficult to establish a single link between them. In addition, groups of scientists have been singled out, where some researchers identify the concepts of «risk», «threat» and «danger», while others distinguish them and see each other's sources of origin.
Given the analysis of the essence of the definition of «risk», «threat» and «danger», we present our own author's approaches to their interpretations, established the distinctions and relationships between them. The vision of interaction of categories «risk», «threat» and «danger» is resulted by means of the scheme-drawing.
The importance of a clear understanding of the nature and delimitation of each of the destructive factors, which is necessary for the implementation of research methodology of economic security of business, which allows to determine their scale and assess the impact on economic security. Thus, the identification and neutralization of potential and real risks, threats and dangers that negatively affect the state and effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity, necessitate new requirements to strengthen the economic security of entrepreneurial activity, and its level will determine the ability to resist destructive factors in the long run.
Thus, in turn, the results of the research provide an opportunity to prepare a basis for further research related to the definition of methods and areas of prevention and neutralization of destructive factors affecting the economic security of business.
The validity of the Fisher effect for an inflation targeting country
Authors: Gürel Sinem Pınar
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between interest and inflation rates. In this regard, the validity of the Fisher Effect under an inflation targeting regime country is examined by considering the possibility of non-linearities. To this aim, the Fisher Effect is analysed by using various types of interest rates to identify the short-, mid- and long-term dynamics. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models were estimated for Turkish economy between 2006-2019 periods. The empirical findings of ARDL models reveal the validity of Fisher Effect both for short and long run. The results of NARDL models indicate a strong Fisher Effect in the long run, except for 5-year government bonds. For short-run, the Fisher Effect holds only when inflation rises and there is no significant result when inflation decreases.
Efekti edukacije o poduzetništvu na poduzetničku samoefikasnost, poželjnost i namjere studenata
Authors: Zubić Nikoleta , Sušanj Zoran , Sokolić Danijela
Published: October 2021

U nastojanjima poticanja gospodarskog razvoja te smanjenja nezaposlenosti i suzbijanja siromaštva sve se više prepoznaje uloga poduzetništva. Ističu se njegove brojne prednosti te se sve češće raspravlja o potrebnim poduzetničkim kompetencijama i njihovom razvoju. Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati efekte edukacije o poduzetništvu na poželjnost poduzetništva, poduzetničku samoefikasnost i poduzetničke namjere studenata. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 48 ispitanika (eksperimentalna i kontrolna skupina), a mjerenje je provedeno prije i nakon edukacije o poduzetništvu. Rezultati pokazuju da polaznici nakon edukacije značajno bolje procjenjuju svoje poduzetničke vještine i sposobnosti, međutim, na skali poželjnosti poduzetništva ostvaruju niže rezultate u odnosu na prvo mjerenje. U istraživanju su ispitivane razlike s obzirom na spol te je utvrđeno da u oba mjerenja studenti u odnosu na studentice ostvaruju statistički značajno više rezultate na svim korištenim skalama. Uspoređujući studente/ice ekonomskih i neekonomskih usmjerenja utvrđeno je kako studenti/ice ekonomskih usmjerenja ostvaruju više rezultate na jednom aspektu poduzetničkog potencijala (poduzetnička svjesnost) te skali poželjnosti poduzetništva, skali poduzetničkih namjera i skali stupnja razvijenosti poduzetničkih znanja, vještina i sposobnosti.
New perspectives on the approach to patients with atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome candidates for renal transplantation
Authors:   Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Figueiredo Ana ,   Clínica Universitária de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Oliveira Nuno ,   Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Clínica Universitária de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Romãozinho Catarina ,   Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Clínica Universitária de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Sá Helena ,   Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Clínica Universitária de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Figueiredo Arnaldo ,   Serviço de Urologia e Transplantação Renal, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, Alves Rui ,   Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,   Clínica Universitária de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Published: October 2021

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is one of the most challenging diseases for a nephrologist, with high rates of progression to end- -stage kidney disease (ESKD) and post-transplant recurrence. Complement dysregulation has been found in up to 70% of cases, which can be hereditary or acquired. Over the last few years, knowledge of the pathogenesis of aHUS has greatly increased, with the unravelling of the complement’s role, providing not only the chance for individualized post-transplant recurrence risk assessment, but also the possibility of a highly effective treatment through pharmacological C5-9 blockade with eculizumab. The overall outcome and prognosis of patients with aHUS has dramatically improved since the approval of this drug in 2011, allowing renal transplant to be a much safer option for these patients. Our aim was to present a proposal for the management of patients with aHUS, candidates for renal transplantation, in the light of the most recent studies.
Experiencias de trabajo bajo la Nueva Gestión Pública en Chile. Análisis de los significados atribuidos a los Programas de Mejoramiento de la Gestión (PMG) por profesionales del sector público
Authors: Leal Llanos María Isabel , Stecher Antonio , Soto Roy Álvaro
Published: October 2021

El artículo busca contribuir al análisis de los procesos de modernización del Estado y reforma a la Gestión Pública implementados en Chile bajo el paradigma gerencial de la Nueva Gestión Pública (NGP). Se presenta los resultados de una investigación psicosocial de corte cualitativo, cuyo objetivo fue describir y comprender los significados que trabajadores profesionales del sector público asignan a los PMG, uno de los principales instrumentos de gestión dentro del trabajo de los servicios públicos en Chile. Se realizaron 12 entrevistas semiestructuradas en un Servicio Público en Chile buscando conocer los sentidos y experiencias de trabajo en torno a los PMG. Los resultados dan cuenta de 8 grandes significados en torno a los PMG, los que dan luces del carácter tensionado, ambivalente y problemático de las experiencias laborales de los profesionales del sector público en el marco de los nuevos sistemas de gestión. Se discuten las implicancias de los hallazgos en relación a los debates actuales sobre los límites e implicancias precarizantes de las reformas gerenciales implementadas bajo el paradigma de la NGP.
«The white man is a Tiger at my throat» or the parable of the three bad foundations of human existence: the racial foundation, the hegemonic foundation, and the economic-materialist foundation
Authors: Stephane Beugre Zouankouan
Published: October 2021

This paper studies the poem “Tiger” by Claude Mckay from a metaphorical perspective in order to find out and highlight all the possible hidden meanings about the quality of the white man characterized as a “tiger” in the expression “the white man is a tiger at my throat”. This study will be conducted under theories such as stylistics, hermeneutics and sociocriticism and thanks to those theories; we have explored the plurality of meanings of this sonnet by McKay. The meaning revolves around the white man and his role in the life and existence of black people, but also it sheds light on the new deals or bases or foundations which are race, hatred, power and money that the white people have implemented in human existence and the outcomes of those news deals and foundations in everyday life. It is therefore a metaphorical study at three levels in this paper which appreciate the relationships between different races and namely between black people and white people. Through images, symbols and metaphors, the characteristics of the white man in human existence have been presented.
Pemberian Madu Pada Klien Diare Dengan Masalah Keperawatan Peningkatan Frekuensi BAB Di Desa Rajabasa Lama Lampung Timur
Authors: Putri Intan , Setiawati Setiawati
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK Diare di Indonesia merupakan penyakit endemis dan juga merupakan penyakit potensial Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) yang sering disertai dengan kematian. Angka kejadian diare Provinsi Lampung khususnya di Lampung Timur yaitu 21.588 kasus. Madu sebagai obat tradisional dengan berjuta khasiat sudah dikenal sejak zaman dahulu, bahkan Al-Quran menjelaskan manfaat lebah dan produknya sebagai penyembuh berbagai macam penyakit. Termasuk salah satunya diare. Madu adalah agen non alergi, nutrisi alami yang tinggi nilai antioksidan, anti-inflamasi, dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian, untuk mendapatkan pengalaman dan kompetensi lebih dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan komprehensif pemberian madu terhadap penurunan frekuensi bab. Adapun intervensi yang dilakukan dengan pemberian madu 1 sdm dengan dilarutkan kedalam air 100 cc selama 5 hari diminum secara rutin 3 kali sehari.  Terdapat penurunan frekuensi bab setelah diberikan madu pada anak diare. Dengan demikian pemberian madu pada anak diare untuk menurunkan frekuensi buang air besar sangat efektif. Kata Kunci: Diare, Madu, Nutrisi ABSTRACTDiarrhea in Indonesia is an endemic disease and is also a potential disease of Extraordinary Events (KLB) which is often accompanied by death. The incidence of diarrhea in Lampung Province, especially in East Lampung is 21,588 cases. Honey as a traditional medicine with millions of benefits has been known since ancient times, even the Koran explains the benefits of bees and their products as a cure for various diseases. Including one of them diarrhea. Honey is a non-allergic agent, a natural nutrient that is high in antioxidant value, anti-inflammatory, and has antibacterial activity. The aim of the study was to gain more experience and competence in the provision of comprehensive nursing care for honey to reduce chapter frequency. The interventions were carried out by giving 1 tablespoon honey dissolved into 100 cc of water for 5 days drink routinely 3 times a day. There is a decrease in the frequency of chapters after giving honey to children with diarrhea. Thus giving honey to children with diarrhea to reduce the frequency of chapters is very effective.  Keywords: diarrhea, honey, nutrient
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Wanita Usia Subur Tentang Efek Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Progestin Terhadap Kesehatan Organ Reproduksi
Authors: Veri Nora , Alchalidi Alchalidi , Dewita Dewita , Khaira Nuswatul - , Faisal T. Iskandar
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK Pemerintah menggalakan program Keluarga Berencana (KB) untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan penduduk. Salah satu program KB adalah dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi. Metode kontrasepsi yang saat ini yang paling banyak digunakan oleh Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) adalah suntikan Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) yang berisi hormon progesteron. DMPA memiliki efek samping yang merugikan organ reproduksi untuk penggunaan jangka panjang. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan wanita usia subur tentang efek samping penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal DMPA jangka panjang pada organ reproduksi. Metode pelaksanaan adalah dengan edukasi peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kontrasepsi DMPA dengan sasaran wanita usia subur akseptor KB DMPA sebanyak 60 orang. Hasil kegiatan diperoleh bahwa mayoritas pengetahuan wanita usia subur pada kategori kurang pada saat pretest sebanyak 41 orang (68,33%) dan pada saat posttest mayoritas berada pada kategori baik sebanyak 53 orang (88,33%). Adanya peningkatan pengetahuan setelah dilakukan edukasi tentang penggunaan kontrasepsi DMPA dan efek samping yang ditimbulkan akibat penggunaan jangka panjang terhadap kesehatan organ reproduksi. Kata Kunci :   Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA), Wanita Usia Subur, Kontrasepsi, Keluarga Berencana  ABSTRACT The government is promoting the Family Planning (KB) program to control population growth. One of the family planning programs is the use of contraception. The method of contraception currently most widely used by women of reproductive age is the injection of Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) which contains the progesterone hormone. DMPA has adverse side effects on reproductive organs for long-term use. The purpose of this service is to increase the knowledge of women of reproductive age about the side effects of long-term use of DMPA hormonal contraceptives on the reproductive organs. The method of implementation is education to increase knowledge about DMPA contraception with the target of women of reproductive age DMPA to acceptors as many as 60 people. The results of the activity showed that the majority of knowledge of women of reproductive age were in the lack knowledge at the time of the pretest as many as 41 people (68.33%) and at the time of the posttest the majority were in the good knowledge category as many as 53 people (88.33%). There is an increase in knowledge after education about the use of DMPA contraceptives and the side effects caused by long-term use on the health of the reproductive organs. Keywords: Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA), women of reproductive age, Contraception, Family Planning
Pembuatan Dan Pengaplikasian Sabun Cuci Tangan Lidah Buaya Dalam Rangka Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Kunir Di Era Pandemic Covid19
Authors: Eka Amalia
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK Saat ini masyarakat sedang menghadapi wabah Virus Corona (Covid-19) yang sangat spesifik namun mempunyai efek kompleksitas yang tinggi, bahkan luar biasa, karena ekspektasinya tidak hanya di dunia kesehatan saja namun merambah semua sendi kehidupan manusia. Desa Kunir termasuk desa yang juga mengalami wabah Covid-19, Hal yang dapat masyarakat lakukan untuk memutus rantai penyebaran virus Covid-19 adalah dengan rajin mencuci tangan dengan sabun dan air bersih, serta menggunakan hand sanitizer secara berkala. Lidah buaya memiliki kandungan saponin yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk membersihkan dan bersifat antiseptik. Tujuan setelah pemberdayaan masyarakat desa kunir, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan dalam memanfaatkan lidah buaya yang ada disekitar tempat tinggal untuk digunakan sebagai sabun cuci tangan. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa sosialisasi dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa kunir dalam pembuatan dan pengaplikasian sabun cuci tangan dari lidah buaya. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan tentang lidah buaya sebagai sabun cuci tangan yaitu 70 % diperoleh dari kuisioner sebelum dan sesudah dilaksanakan pembelajaran Kata Kunci : sabun cuci tangan, lidah buaya, desa kunir ABSTRACTCurrently, the community is facing a very specific Corona Virus (Covid-19) outbreak but has a high, even extraordinary complexity effect because the expectations are not only in the world of health but also penetrate all aspects of human life. Kunir Village is one of the villages that have also experienced the Covid-19 outbreak. What people can do to break the chain of spreading the Covid-19 virus is to diligently wash their hands with soap and clean water, and use hand sanitizers regularly. Aloe vera contains saponins which have the ability to clean and are antiseptic. The goal after empowering the people of turmeric village is expected to increase their knowledge and ability to use aloe vera around the residence to be used as hand washing soap. The activities carried out are in the form of socialization and empowerment of the village community in turmeric in the manufacture and application of handwashing soap from aloe vera. There is an increase in knowledge and abilities about aloe vera as hand washing soap, which is 70% obtained from questionnaires before and after the learning is carried out. Keywords: hand washing soap, aloe vera, kunir village
THE USEFULNESS OF ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID19 PANDEMIC AS PERCEIVED BY ENGINEERING EDUCATION STUDENTS: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL
Authors: Gorghiu Gabriel , Pribeanu Costin , Manea Valentina Iuliana , Lamanauskas Vincentas , Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė Rita
Published: October 2021

With the unprecedented crisis created by the Coronavirus pandemic, online teaching and learning became a global solution - embraced by the whole world - that tried to cover, at least in part, in part the problems encountered by the educational systems. An exclusively online format of teaching and learning proved to be a challenge for both the didactic and the learning process. Although the extant research during the pandemic is very abundant, there are few approaches addressing the different perceptions reported by university students enrolled in various programs. This research aims to explore the usefulness of online learning as perceived by civil engineering students, from a multidimensional perspective. A multidimensional model has been developed that manifests on four dimensions: social usefulness of online lectures, the usefulness of online learning platform, learning effectiveness, and, usefulness for school performance. The results show a relatively low perception of the online learning usefulness in an exclusively online educational context, which disables active learning through hands-on experience in laboratory and real-life building sites (considering the regular study process). The model has been cross-validated on a sample of students enrolled in various educational programs then the differences between samples have been analyzed and discussed.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, engineering students, learning platform, online education, perceived usefulness
AMALGAMATING WESTERN SCIENCE AND AFRICAN INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS IN THE MEASUREMENT OF GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION
Authors: Gumbo Mishack T. , Nnadi Fidelis O. , Anamezie Rose C.
Published: October 2021

There is the need to liberate the school science teaching process to suit the culturally bound day-to-day experiences of learners. The clarion call becomes expedient in the light of pedagogical failure in science education, which precipitates poor science achievement, especially in non-Western cultures. Non-Western knowledge systems, specifically African indigenous knowledge systems (AIKs), have been excluded from science teaching, which accounts for the poor achievement of learners. This research therefore measured the effect of the type of teaching materials, gender and the interaction between gender and type of teaching materials on the measurement of gravitational acceleration. The analysis of covariance (p≤ .05) was used to analyse data which were collected from 264 sampled learners. The results from the research indicated that amalgamating Western science and culturally bound AIKs teaching materials in a non-Western culture enhanced the determination of gravitational acceleration and bridged the gender divide in Physics achievement. The amalgam of Western science and non-Western culturally bound science can transform science teaching, make science more relevant to everyday experiences of learners and enhance their understanding of science and ultimately their achievement.
Keywords: African Indigenous Knowledge Systems, amalgamating, gravitational acceleration and experimental
STEM IN MOVIES: FEMALE PRESERVICE TEACHERS' PERSPECTIVES ON MOVIE "HIDDEN FIGURES"
Authors: Yıldırım Bekir , Öcal Erdinç , Şahin-Topalcengiz Emine
Published: October 2021

Movies are informal teaching tools to make teaching relevant to a diverse group of students. The use of movies may enhance students’ interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). They can be effective tools to build students’ interest in STEM fields and raise their awareness of STEM and STEM careers. This study purpose was to identify STEM-related topics in the movie “Hidden Figures” and determine preservice female teachers’ views of it. The study sample included 19 female students. A qualitative phenomenological design research method was used. Data were collected using “the Movie Hidden Figures” and a “Semi-Structured Interview” forms. Qualitative data were analyzed using semiotics and content analysis. Analysis showed that Hidden Figures focus mostly on the theme of “gender perception in science” as well as “design process” and “advances in technology.” Participants believed that the movie had messages mostly of negative gender perception in science. Despite that, movies emphasized that women can be mathematicians, engineers, and scientists as men. They also stated that gender equality is crucial in education. They also advocated that mathematics and engineering are essential for technological progress and female scientists can play a more active role for achievement. Keywords: gender perception in science, hidden figures, women in movie, preservice teachers, STEM education
“I am afraid that others will feel scared and disgusted with me. So, I will keep it a secret until I die”: A qualitative study among patients with tuberculosis receiving DOTS regimen in Thailand
Authors: Koontalay Apinya , Suksatan Wanich , Prabsangob Kantapong
Published: October 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has become a significant public health problem leading to a top ten morality. Directly Observed Therapy, Short-course (DOTS) is recommended as a critical element for curing and preventing TB. However, patients who have been living with TB often receive barriers and challenges, which may lead them to discontinue the DOTS treatment.
Objective: This study aimed to understand patients’ experiences living with TB and receiving DOTS regimens.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was employed. Semi-structured interviews were done among twenty tuberculosis patients selected using convenience sampling from the slum community in Bangkok, Thailand. The thematic approach was used for data analysis.
Results: Two main themes were developed: (1) troublesome disease and (2) emotional challenges. The first theme comprises three subthemes: confronting death, accepting lifestyle change, and DOTS challenges. The second theme consists of two subthemes: isolation from others and stigma.
Conclusion: The findings could guide nurses and other healthcare professionals to develop the treatment guideline and the DOTS strategy using a holistic approach.
The effect of inquiry learning model on mathematical problem solving abilities in terms of grade X high school students learning style
Authors: Risno Risno , Sulasteri Sri , Suharti Suharti , Nur Fitriani , Rasyid Muhammad Rusydi
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain faktorial ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah matematika siswa jika menerapkan model pembelajaran inkuiri dan model pembelajaran langsung, serta mengetahui  interaksi gaya belajar dengan model pembelajaran inkuiri pada kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah matematika siswa kelas X SMAN 4 Luwu Utara. Pengambilan sampel memakai teknik sampling purposive dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 68 siswa dari populasi 238 siswa kelas X SMAN 4 Luwu Utara. Instrumen penelitian berupa angket gaya belajar serta soal tes kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan juga statistik inferensial berupa uji Anova 2 Arah. Hasil perhitungan mengungkapkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah matematika yang belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri dan model pembelajaran langsung, tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah matematika yang signifikan antara siswa dengan pembelajaran model inkuiri dan model langsung ditinjau dari gaya belajar mereka, namun ada interaksi antara model pembelajaran inkuiri pada kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah matematika jika ditinjau dari gaya belajar siswa.
Love for the Colonizer: Literary and Psychoanalytic Investigations of Brazil's Foundational Trauma
Authors: Attié Francisco
Published: October 2021

The Brazilian cultural and political project began in 1822 with the end of colonization. At its outset, colonization stood fictitious in its enormous power to shape reality. In Latin America there was a confluence between the politicians and writers of the 19th century that guaranteed wholly pervasive foundational mythologies—the people building the legal-political state were also setting the mythological ideology of the nation in stone. As such, foundational myths served to unify the people under a common national banner. However, in their attempts to overcome the ghost of colonization, they ended up guaranteeing a wholly pervasive structure wherein the repressed trauma could fester. In Brazil, foundational works, like José de Alencar's Iracema, instead of rejecting the trauma of colonization, engendered myths that repressed it, romanticizing a narrative for the people to fall in love with their colonizer. This love, I argue, led to a specific cultural complex that induces a repetition compulsion of the original traumatic event up to this day, guaranteeing unconscious entrapment and a constant return and submission to the figure of the colonizer.
La Rivoluzione Macchiata: The Stained Revolution
Authors: Souillard Sasha
Published: October 2021

Although graffiti gained popularity through the expansion of American pop culture, its origins are greatly embedded in Italian culture and history. Not only does the word graffiti come from the Italian word "graffiato" or "scratched "off", but some of the world's first graffiti was found in Pompeii's ruins. Over the last few years, Italy has been governed by right-wing coalitions that have implemented fascist practices once used by Mussolini. Given that there is little space for leftist ideas to emerge in the public space, Italians have used graffiti as a form of political activism and protest. Conversations surrounding fascism, racism, women's rights, immigration and the LGTBQ community have arisen within graffiti, allowing outsiders to better understand Italians' takes on these issues. This study investigates Italy's sociopolitical climate through graffiti as a form of art, and also sheds light on how graffiti provokes its audience. The graffiti found in Florence, Bologna, and Naples proves to be linguistically complex, and provokes observers both through heightened language and visuals. This study suggests that the majority of Italian sociopolitical graffiti belongs to students who are unable to take part in democracy based on their age or legal status. While often deemed a vandalistic act, graffiti has allowed Italian individuals to protest what is unjust, and make themselves heard in a society where their voices are being suffocated by right-wing political parties and their media.
UM CENÁRIO DA RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS NOS CURSOS DE LICENCIATURA EM MATEMÁTICA DA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Justulin Andresa Maria
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar como a Resolução de Problemas se apresenta nos Cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática da Região Sul do Brasil. Para isso, buscaram-se elementos nos documentos e ementas dos cursos cadastrados no portal e-MEC e por meio de consulta individual nos sites das universidades. A pesquisa apresentou uma abordagem qualitativa, na modalidade documental, na tentativa de compreensão dos significados e características situacionais. Os resultados indicam que em 43 dos 49 cursos em que foi possível obter os dados, a Resolução de Problemas é trabalhada como tópico de ementa de uma ou mais disciplinas da Educação Matemática. Além disso, em dois cursos a Resolução de Problemas é disciplina obrigatória e em quatro, é abordada como disciplina optativa. Algumas fragilidades para a realização desta pesquisa foram: quanto o acesso às matrizes curriculares dos cursos e às referências utilizadas; cursos em processo de extinção, sem informações no site das instituições e cursos em reformulação, cujo novo cenário pode apresentar divergências em relação aos dados obtidos no levantamento realizado.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E CONHECIMENTO PARA ENSINAR MATEMÁTICA: UM MAPEAMENTO SOBRE INVESTIGAÇÕES NA PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Olekszyszen Ana Claudia , Oliveira Cristiane dos Santos , Narciso Mariana Hochmann
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo trata de um mapeamento a partir de um levantamento realizado em três periódicos nacionais, que tiveram publicações com edição temática organizada pelo Grupo de Trabalho 13 (GT-13) da Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática (SBEM) – Diferença, Inclusão e Educação Matemática. O objetivo se constituiu em identificar quais bases do conhecimento perpassam as discussões presentes em investigações do GT-13/SBEM, em contextos de formação docente na perspectiva da Educação Matemática Inclusiva. Foram encontrados doze artigos que compuseram o corpus deste estudo, os quais foram categorizados a partir da teoria Knowledge Base (SHULMAN, 1886, 1987) e articulados à perspectiva de Rodrigues (2008), no que se refere às dimensões do saber relacionadas à profissionalização docente. Para a discussão dos dados obtidos, utilizou-se a metodologia da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1977). Este estudo traz um panorama sobre os documentos legais que orientam e normatizam a formação docente na perspectiva da Educação Matemática Inclusiva e discute os aspectos do conhecimento docente mobilizados durante as práticas formativas investigadas pelas pesquisas mapeadas. Os resultados apontam contribuições de bases do conhecimento docente para ensinar Matemática, considerando uma perspectiva inclusiva, identificadas como: conhecimento pedagógico, conhecimento do aluno, conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo e conhecimento de contextos educacionais. Conclui-se que investigações sobre formação docente são ações promissoras para discussões no âmbito do desenvolvimento profissional de professores que ensinam Matemática.
Constructing the ceRNA Regulatory Network and Combining Immune Cells to Evaluate Prognosis of Colon Cancer Patients
Authors: Xu Jiasheng , Ling Tianyi , Dai Siqi , Han Shuwen , Ding Kefeng
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study was conducted in order to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to screen RNA that plays an important role in colon cancer and to construct a model to predict the prognosis of patients.

Methods: The gene expression data of colon cancer were downloaded from the TCGA database. The difference was analyzed by the R software and the ceRNA network was constructed. The survival-related RNA was screened out by combining with clinical information, and the prognosis model was established by lasso regression. CIBERSORT was used to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in colon cancer, and the differential expression of immune cells related to survival was screened out by combining clinical information. The correlation between RNA and immune cells was analyzed by lasso regression. PCR was used to verify the expression of seven RNAs in colon cancer patients with different prognoses.

Results: Two hundred and fifteen lncRNAs, 357 miRNAs, and 2,955 mRNAs were differentially expressed in colon cancer. The constructed ceRNA network contains 18 lncRNAs, 42 miRNAs, and 168 mRNAs, of which 18 RNAs are significantly related to survival. Through lasso analysis, we selected seven optimal RNA construction models. The AUC value of the model was greater than 0.7, and there was a significant difference in the survival rate between the high- and low-risk groups. Two kinds of immune cells related to the prognosis of patients were screened out. The results showed that the expression of seven RNA markers in colon cancer patients with different prognoses was basically consistent with the model analysis.

Conclusion: We have established the regulatory network of ceRNA in colon cancer, screened out seven core RNAs and two kinds of immune cells, and constructed a comprehensive prognosis model of colon cancer patients.
The Ribosome Biogenesis Factor Ltv1 Is Essential for Digestive Organ Development and Definitive Hematopoiesis in Zebrafish
Authors: Zhang Chong , Huang Rui , Ma Xirui , Chen Jiehui , Han Xinlu , Li Li , Luo Lingfei , Ruan Hua , Huang Honghui
Published: October 2021

Ribosome biogenesis is a fundamental activity in cells. Ribosomal dysfunction underlies a category of diseases called ribosomopathies in humans. The symptomatic characteristics of ribosomopathies often include abnormalities in craniofacial skeletons, digestive organs, and hematopoiesis. Consistently, disruptions of ribosome biogenesis in animals are deleterious to embryonic development with hypoplasia of digestive organs and/or impaired hematopoiesis. In this study, ltv1, a gene involved in the small ribosomal subunit assembly, was knocked out in zebrafish by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)/CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology. The recessive lethal mutation resulted in disrupted ribosome biogenesis, and ltv1Δ14/Δ14 embryos displayed hypoplastic craniofacial cartilage, digestive organs, and hematopoiesis. In addition, we showed that the impaired cell proliferation, instead of apoptosis, led to the defects in exocrine pancreas and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in ltv1Δ14/Δ14 embryos. It was reported that loss of function of genes associated with ribosome biogenesis often caused phenotypes in a P53-dependent manner. In ltv1Δ14/Δ14 embryos, both P53 protein level and the expression of p53 target genes, Δ113p53 and p21, were upregulated. However, knockdown of p53 failed to rescue the phenotypes in ltv1Δ14/Δ14 larvae. Taken together, our data demonstrate that LTV1 ribosome biogenesis factor (Ltv1) plays an essential role in digestive organs and hematopoiesis development in zebrafish in a P53-independent manner.
Matrix Stiffness Affects Glycocalyx Expression in Cultured Endothelial Cells
Authors: Mahmoud Marwa , Cancel Limary , Tarbell John M.
Published: October 2021

Rationale: The endothelial cell glycocalyx (GCX) is a mechanosensor that plays a key role in protecting against vascular diseases. We have previously shown that age/disease mediated matrix stiffness inhibits the glycocalyx glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate and its core protein Glypican 1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, rat fat pad endothelial cells and in a mouse model of age-mediated stiffness. Glypican 1 inhibition resulted in enhanced endothelial cell dysfunction. Endothelial cell culture typically occurs on stiff matrices such as plastic or glass. For the study of the endothelial GCX specifically it is important to culture cells on soft matrices to preserve GCX expression. To test the generality of this statement, we hypothesized that stiff matrices inhibit GCX expression and consequently endothelial cell function in additional cell types: bovine aortic endothelial cells, mouse aortic endothelial cell and mouse brain endothelial cells.

Methods and Results: All cell types cultured on glass showed reduced GCX heparan sulfate expression compared to cells cultured on either soft polyacrylamide (PA) gels of a substrate stiffness of 2.5 kPa (mimicking the stiffness of young, healthy arteries) or on either stiff gels 10 kPa (mimicking the stiffness of old, diseased arteries). Specific cell types showed reduced expression of GCX protein Glypican 1 (4 of 5 cell types) and hyaluronic acid (2 of 5 cell types) on glass vs soft gels.

Conclusion: Matrix stiffness affects GCX expression in endothelial cells. Therefore, the study of the endothelial glycocalyx on stiff matrices (glass/plastic) is not recommended for specific cell types.
The Potential Roles of Glial Cells in the Neuropathogenesis of Cerebral Malaria
Authors: Andoh Nana Efua , Gyan Ben Adu
Published: October 2021

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe neurological complication of malaria caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. It is one of the leading causes of death in children under 5 years of age in Sub-Saharan Africa. CM is associated with blood-brain barrier disruption and long-term neurological sequelae in survivors of CM. Despite the vast amount of research on cerebral malaria, the cause of neurological sequelae observed in CM patients is poorly understood. In this article, the potential roles of glial cells, astrocytes, and microglia, in cerebral malaria pathogenesis are reviewed. The possible mechanisms by which glial cells contribute to neurological damage in CM patients are also examined.
Surface Modifications for Zirconia Dental Implants: A Review
Authors: Sun Lu , Hong Guang
Published: October 2021

Zirconia-based bioceramic is a potential material for dental implants developed and introduced in dentistry 30 years ago. However, some limitations still exist for zirconia implants caused by several factors, such as manufacturing difficulties, low-temperature degradation (LTD), long-term stability, and clinical experience. Several studies validated that some subtle changes on the zirconia surface might significantly impact its mechanical properties and osseointegration. Thus, attention was paid to the effect of surface modification of zirconia implants. This review generally summarizes the surface modifications of zirconia implants to date classified as physical treatment, chemical treatment, and surface coating, aiming to give an overall perspective based on the current situation. In conclusion, surface modification is an effective and essential method for zirconia implant application. However, before clinical use, we need more knowledge about these modification methods.
Rock Magnetism of Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene Strata in the Lesser Himalaya, Western Nepal: Inferences Regarding the Paleoenvironment
Authors: Khatri Dhan Bahadur , Zhang Weilin , Fang Xiaomin , Meng Qingquan , Zhang Tao , Zhang Dawen , Paudayal Khum N.
Published: October 2021

The growth of the southern piedmont of the Himalayan boundary and its depositional setting has changed since uplift of the Himalaya due to continental Indian-Eurasian collision, which has resulted in variation in magnetic minerals in marine- and terrestrial-facies sediments. In this paper, we utilize rock magnetism data from the late Cretaceous to middle Eocene strata, including the Amile and Bhainskati formations from the Lesser Himalaya (western Nepal), to understand the mechanism controlling magnetic susceptibility (χ). The active tectonics strongly influenced saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), HIRM, and hysteresis loops, forming both low-coercivity minerals in sediments with lowχfrom the terrestrial facies (zones I, IIIA, and V) and high-coercivity minerals in the sediments with highχfrom the marine facies (zones II, IIIB and IV). Thermomagnetic κ-T curves and frequency-dependentχ(χfd%) values show that sediments with lowχand highχcarry magnetite with coarse non-superparamagnetic (SP) grains and hematite with SP grains, respectively. Comparing theχdata with the lithologic, sedimentary environments, geomorphic features, and sea level data, we propose that lowχvalues were mainly produced by an increase in terrigenous detrital influx during the regression period of the Tethys Sea, while highχvalues formed in marine sediments, which prompted the appearance of ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic minerals during the transgression of the Tethys Sea.
Old Problem, New Concerns: Hypercortisolemia in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Berlińska Agata , Świątkowska-Stodulska Renata , Sworczak Krzysztof
Published: October 2021

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced a change in the way we provide medical treatment. Endocrinology in the era of COVID-19 had to transform and reduce its vast potential to the absolute necessities. Medical professionals needed to update their clinical practice to provide their patients as much support and as little harm as possible in these increasingly difficult times. International expert statements were published to offer guidance regarding proper care. It was suggested to simplify the diagnostic scheme of hypercortisolemia and to modify the approach to treatment. Hypercortisolemic patients with COVID-19 and iatrogenic hypercortisolemia due to glucocorticoid use are important clinical scenarios – we aimed to provide a cohesive summary of issues to consider.
Smoothelin-Like Protein 1 Regulates Development and Metabolic Transformation of Skeletal Muscle in Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Major Evelin , Győry Ferenc , Horváth Dániel , Keller Ilka , Tamás István , Uray Karen , Fülöp Péter , Lontay Beáta
Published: October 2021

Hyperthyroidism triggers a glycolytic shift in skeletal muscle (SKM) by altering the expression of metabolic proteins, which is often accompanied by peripheral insulin resistance. Our previous results show that smoothelin-like protein 1 (SMTNL1), a transcriptional co-regulator, promotes insulin sensitivity in SKM. Our aim was to elucidate the role of SMTNL1 in SKM under physiological and pathological 3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) concentrations. Human hyper- and euthyroid SKM biopsies were used for microarray analysis and proteome profiler arrays. Expression of genes related to energy production, nucleic acid- and lipid metabolism was changed significantly in hyperthyroid samples. The phosphorylation levels and activity of AMPKα2 and JNK were increased by 15% and 23%, respectively, in the hyperthyroid samples compared to control. Moreover, SMTNL1 expression showed a 6-fold decrease in the hyperthyroid samples and in T3-treated C2C12 cells. Physiological and supraphysiological concentrations of T3 were applied on differentiated C2C12 cells upon SMTNL1 overexpression to assess the activity and expression level of the elements of thyroid hormone signaling, insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. Our results demonstrate that SMTNL1 selectively regulated TRα expression. Overexpression of SMTNL1 induced insulin sensitivity through the inhibition of JNK activity by 40% and hampered the non-genomic effects of T3 by decreasing the activity of ERK1/2 through PKCδ. SMTNL1 overexpression reduced IRS1 Ser307 and Ser612 phosphorylation by 52% and 53%, respectively, in hyperthyroid model to restore the normal responsiveness of glucose transport to insulin. SMTNL1 regulated glucose phosphorylation and balances glycolysis and glycogen synthesis via the downregulation of hexokinase II by 1.3-fold. Additionally, mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis were measured by SeaHorse analysis to determine cellular metabolic function/phenotype of our model system in real-time. T3 overload strongly increased the rate of acidification and a shift to glycolysis, while SMTNL1 overexpression antagonizes the T3 effects. These lines of evidence suggest that SMTNL1 potentially prevents hyperthyroidism-induced changes in SKM, and it holds great promise as a novel therapeutic target in insulin resistance.
Constraints and Opportunities for the Evolution of Metamorphic Organisms in a Changing Climate
Authors: Suzuki Yuichiro , Toh Lyanna
Published: October 2021

We argue that developmental hormones facilitate the evolution of novel phenotypic innovations and timing of life history events by genetic accommodation. Within an individual’s life cycle, metamorphic hormones respond readily to environmental conditions and alter adult phenotypes. Across generations, the many effects of hormones can bias and at times constrain the evolution of traits during metamorphosis; yet, hormonal systems can overcome constraints through shifts in timing of, and acquisition of tissue specific responses to, endocrine regulation. Because of these actions of hormones, metamorphic hormones can shape the evolution of metamorphic organisms. We present a model called a developmental goblet, which provides a visual representation of how metamorphic organisms might evolve. In addition, because developmental hormones often respond to environmental changes, we discuss how endocrine regulation of postembryonic development may impact how organisms evolve in response to climate change. Thus, we propose that developmental hormones may provide a mechanistic link between climate change and organismal adaptation.