bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UBL4A Augments Innate Immunity by Promoting the K63-Linked Ubiquitination of TRAF6
Authors: Peng Shu-Jie , Yao Ran-Ran , Yu Shuang-Shuang , Chen Hong-Yan , Pang Xuewen , Zhang Yu , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2019

Human UBL4A/GdX, encoding an ubiquitin-like protein, was shown in this study to be upregulated by viral infection and IFN stimulation. Then the functions of UBL4A in antiviral immune response were characterized. Overexpression of UBL4A promoted RNA virus–induced ISRE or IFN-β or NF-κB activation, leading to enhanced type I IFN transcription and reduced virus replication. Consistently, knockdown of UBL4A resulted in reduced type I IFN transcription and enhanced virus replication. Additionally, overexpression of UBL4A promoted virus-induced phosphorylation of TBK1, IRF3, and IKKα/β. Knockdown of UBL4A inhibited virus-induced phosphorylation of TBK1, IRF3, and IKKα/β. Coimmunoprecipitation showed that UBL4A interacted with TRAF6, and this interaction was enhanced upon viral infection. Ubiquitination assays showed that UBL4A promoted the K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6. Therefore, we reveal a novel positive feedback regulation of UBL4A in innate immune response combating virus invasion by enhancing the K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Extracellular Vesicles Decrease Lung Injury in Mice
Authors: Hao Qi , Gudapati Varun , Monsel Antoine , Park Jeong H. , Hu Shuling , Kato Hideya , Lee Jae H. , Zhou Li , He Hongli , Lee Jae W.
Published: August 2019

Human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EV) can reduce the severity of bacterial pneumonia, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying their antimicrobial activity. In the current study, we found that bacterial clearance induced by MSC EV in Escherichia coli pneumonia in C57BL/6 mice was associated with high levels of leukotriene (LT) B4 in the injured alveolus. More importantly, the antimicrobial effect of MSC EV was abrogated by cotreatment with a LTB4 BLT1 antagonist. To determine the role of MSC EV on LT metabolism, we measured the effect of MSC EV on a known ATP-binding cassette transporter, multidrug resistance–associated protein 1 (MRP1), and found that MSC EV suppressed MRP1 mRNA, protein, and pump function in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells in vitro. The synthesis of LTB4 and LTC4 from LTA4 are competitive, and MRP1 is the efflux pump for LTC4. Inhibition of MRP1 will increase LTB4 production. In addition, administration of a nonspecific MRP1 inhibitor (MK-571) reduced LTC4 and subsequently increased LTB4 levels in C57BL/6 mice with acute lung injury, increasing overall antimicrobial activity. We previously found that the biological effects of MSC EV were through the transfer of its content, such as mRNA, microRNA, and proteins, to target cells. In the current study, miR-145 knockdown abolished the effect of MSC EV on the inhibition of MRP1 in vitro and the antimicrobial effect in vivo. In summary, MSC EV suppressed MRP1 activity through transfer of miR-145, thereby resulting in enhanced LTB4 production and antimicrobial activity through LTB4/BLT1 signaling.
Injectable thermosensitive gels for the localized and controlled delivery of biomolecules in tissue engineering/regenerative medicine
Authors: Boffito Monica , Grivet Brancot Arianna , Lima Ornella , Bronco Simona , Sartori Susanna , Ciardelli Gianluca
Published: August 2019

The characteristic poor stability and high fluid permeability of Poloxamer®- based gels have severely limited their biomedical application. In this work, Poloxamer 407 was used as building block to synthesize a poly(ether urethane) (PEU), which aqueous solutions formed gels with improved stability and mechanics compared to Poloxamer itself. PEU chains formed micelles in aqueous solution (diameter ~40 nm at 25°C) and systems with PEU content higher than 5±1% w/v underwent a temperature- driven gelation. Gel properties were tuned acting on PEU concentration in the starting solutions, with compositions within the range 8-18% w/v showing high potential for biomedical applications (gelation at 37°C within 3-10 minutes, residence time from few days to many weeks, injectability). Model proteins (bovine serum albumin, horseradish peroxidase) were encapsulated in mild conditions and their release was modulated by gel composition (on day 3, approx. 85, 65 and 55% of encapsulated payload released from gels with 8, 15 and 18% w/v concentration). Released peroxidase retained approx. 30-40% of its activity up to 2 days, a key aspect for biomolecules in the drug delivery field.
A Samaritan merchant and his friend, and their friends: Practicing life-giving theology
Authors: Van Eck Ernest
Published: August 2019

The Department of New Testament and Related Literature (formerly the Department of New Testament Studies) for the past 100 years has had a proud tradition of practicing life-giving theology. From very early on, several members of the department were critical voices against exclusive and discriminatory narratives of their time. Representing the voices of the disadvantaged, excluded and marginalised people, they critiqued systemic injustices, envisaged inclusive believing communities, advocated an open society with equal opportunities for all and called for social justice. This article shows that the current members of the department are upholding this proud tradition in their research and publications. Common to the current trend in the department is the avoidance of a literal reading of texts by paying attention to the historical and social contexts of texts and using all possible approaches in reading the text from as many angles as possible. This approach has led to new avenues to reread texts with concomitant new interpretations. As an example of this approach, a rereading of the so-called parable of the Samaritan is presented, challenging its dominant and universally accepted interpretation. The article concludes with a statement of intent linked to the vision of the department, that is, to practice and teach life-giving theology that counters individualised and unreflective ways of living by articulating and embracing a theology that leads to a flourishing life for all creation.
Exercise and motivation
Authors: Wessels W. H.
Published: August 2019

A short history of the use of exercise in Medicine is given. This is followed by the neurophysiological basis of exercise and its physical and psychological effects on motivation in man.
Report: Fifteenth General Meeting of The National Council Held in Bloemfontein on 1 and 2 July 1983
Authors: Gilder J. A.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available
Physical activity and aging
Authors: Noakes T. D.
Published: August 2019

The effects of exercise on aging are discussed under 4 headings viz. whether there is evidence that exercise might delay aging, the physiological and biochemical factors that alter with age, how exercise training influences these factors and ends with advice on how to start exercising at an older age. The author concludes that regular exercise is of great benefit to preserve physical well-being into old age.
Classical Algebraic Geometry
Authors: Debarre Olivier , Eisenbud David , Farkas Gavril , Vakil Ravi
Published: August 2019

Progress in algebraic geometry often comes through the introduction of new tools and ideas to tackle the classical problems in the development of the field. Examples include new invariants that capture some aspect of geometry in a novel way, such as the derived category, and the extension of the class of geometric objects considered to allow constructions not previously possible, such as the transition from varieties to schemes or from schemes to stacks. Many famous old problems and outstanding conjectures have been resolved in this way over the last 50 years. While the new theories are sometimes studied for their own sake, they are in the end best understood in the context of the classical questions they illuminate. The goal of the workshop was to study new developments in algebraic geometry, with a view toward their application to the classical problems.
New Directions in Stochastic Optimisation
Authors: De Loera Jesús , Dentcheva Darinka , Pflug Georg , Schultz Rüdiger
Published: August 2019

Recent work in stochastic programming draws on interaction with Algebraic and Combinatorial Models, Numerical Analysis of PDEs, Risk Analysis, Mathematical Equilibrium, Minimax, and Stochastic Games. For the first time ever, the workshop brought together scholars from these fields to exchange experience and identify promising topics for future research.
New Trends in Teichmüller Theory and Mapping Class Groups
Authors: Ohshika Ken’ichi , Papadopoulos Athanase , Penner Robert C. , Wienhard Anna
Published: August 2019

In this workshop, various topics in Teichmüller theory and mapping class groups were discussed. Twenty-three talks dealing with classical topics and new directions in this field were given. A problem session was organised on Thursday, and we compiled in this report the problems posed there.
Flat Surfaces and Algebraic Curves
Authors: Grushevsky Samuel , Möller Martin , Zorich Anton
Published: August 2019

This workshop brought together two distinct communities: “flat” geometers, studying the moduli of flat surfaces, and Teichmüller dynamics, and algebraic geometers studying the moduli space of curves. While both communities study similar or often the same objects, very different viewpoints and toolboxes lead to different questions being addressed, and different progress being made. The workshop sought to educate each community about the techniques of the other, and to foster communication between the two groups. One particular focus was enumerative geometry.
Гиперэллиптические системы последовательностей ранга 4
Authors: Illarionov Andrei Anatol'evich
Published: August 2019

Исследуются последовательности комплексных чисел, удовлетворяющие функциональным соотношениям билинейного типа. Полученные результаты используются для описания всех целых 1-периодических функций $f\colon \mathbb C\to\mathbb C$, удовлетворяющих вместе с некоторыми $\varphi_j,\psi_j\colon \mathbb C\to\mathbb C$ разложению $f(x+y)f(x-y)=\varphi_1(x)\psi_1(y)+…+\varphi_4(x)\psi_4(y)$.
Библиография: 38 названий.
О сходимости формальных рядов Дюлака, удовлетворяющих алгебраическому ОДУ
Authors: Gontsov Renat Ravilevich , Goryuchkina Irina Vladimirovna
Published: August 2019

Предлагается достаточное условие сходимости ряда Дюлака, формально удовлетворяющего алгебраическому обыкновенному дифференциальному уравнению (ОДУ). Такие формальные решения алгебраических ОДУ встречаются довольно часто, в частности, уравнения Пенлеве III, V и VI обладают формальными решениями в виде рядов Дюлака и их сходимость следует из
предлагаемого достаточного условия.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Локальные условия существования решений процессов выметания
Authors: Tolstonogov Alexander Alexandrovich
Published: August 2019

Достаточным условием существования абсолютно непрерывного решения процесса выметания является абсолютная непрерывность в определенном смысле многозначного отображения, порождающего процесс выметания. Это свойство описывается в терминах расстояния по Хаусдорфу между значениями многозначного отображения. Однако существуют многозначные отображения, для которых расстояние по Хаусдорфу между значениями равняется бесконечности. К ним относятся, например, отображения, значениями которых являются гиперплоскости. Для таких отображений абсолютную непрерывность нельзя описать в терминах расстояния по Хаусдорфу. В работе рассматриваются условия, обеспечивающие локальную абсолютную непрерывность многозначного отображения. С использованием этих условий доказывается теорема существования абсолютно непрерывного решения процесса выметания. Полученные результаты используются для изучения процессов выметания с невыпуклозначными и овыпукленными возмущениями. Для таких процессов выметания доказываются теоремы существования решений и теорема релаксации.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Performance Epistemology. Foundations and Applications
Authors: Ornelas Jorge
Published: August 2019

Book review: Vargas, Miguel Ángel Fernández (ed). Performance Epistemology. Foundations andApplications. Oxford: Oxford Un. Press, 2016.
Structuralism, Empiricism, and Newman's Objection
Authors: Bueno Otávio , Meier Thomas
Published: August 2019

Newman’s objection can be used to argue that structuralism fails to specify a unique structure for the unobservable world, and hence, one can argue, it is ultimately a trivial task to determine the structure that the world ultimately has. Provided there are enough objects, any structure can be made compatible with that structure. We formulate a pragmatically enriched version of structuralism that avoids the Newman objection. For this purpose, we return to Carnap’s conception of founded relations, and provide a different interpretation of them. According to Carnap, these are real, experienceable, physical relations. We argue that, when we specify a structural description of a given physical system, if we rely on such founded relations—provided they are properly understood—the threat of the Newman objection is avoided. However, pure structuralism has to be given up, and a form of empiricism can then be advanced. Finally, by using founded relations, we offer a framework in terms of which different conceptions (some realist, some empiricist) can be articulated to avoid the Newman problem as well.
Analytic and synthetic based on the paradox of knowability
Authors: D'Alfonso Nicola
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this paper is to show how the paradox of knowability loses its paradoxical character when we correctly interpret one of its premises. It is then shown how this new interpretation can be used to logically define analytical and synthetic truths. In this way, the paradox of knowability is traced back to the harmless affirmation that, in order to know every proposition with certainty, there must be no propositions whose truth is synthetic.
Asimetría temporal y partículas elementales
Authors: Lopez Cristian Ariel
Published: August 2019

The aim of this article is to argue that a temporal asymmetry may be established  within the framework of quantum field theory, independently of any violation of CP, and  thereby T, in weak interactions, and independently of the property of time reversal invariance  that its dynamical equations instantiate. Particularly, I shall argue that the temporal asymmetry  can be stemmed from assessing the links between the proper group of symmetries of the  theory and the ontology of the theory: arguments applied to establish which elements and  magnitudes remain invariants under group transformations can also be used to establish a  temporal asymmetry.
Memória rastro em poemas de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Arruda de Souza Rosana
Published: August 2019

A poesia de Conceição Evaristo é conhecida por desvelar aquilo que há muito permaneceu encoberto: a voz negra feminina, uma voz que, paradoxalmente, sempre existiu, mas era ecoada em ouvidos ensurdecidos. Agora, os tantos gritos perdidos da diferença podem ser ouvidos e os ouvidos são colocados à prova, pois reconhecer e vislumbrar a ausência trazida pelos signos – quando antes acreditávamos que eles traziam a presença – não é tarefa fácil. Assim, pois, entendemos e nos propomos a analisar os poemas da autora: sua poesia encerra o rastro – a ausência, o outro, que carrega em si uma potencialidade significativa justamente enquanto é sombra, pois as vozes negras estão em cena, mas, ainda, não estão à luz, entretanto estar à sombra se faz potência. Para esta discussão, evocaremos, portanto, o conceito derridiano de rastro num diálogo com o conceito de memória, por considerarmos que é através da memória daquelas vozes que se constroem os rastros na poesia de Conceição Evaristo.
Campo Belo: narrativa insubmissa e insurgente
Authors: Guimarães Geny Ferreira , Cordeiro Hildalia Fernandes Cunha
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo desejamos provocar e compartilhar reflexões sobre o conto “Isaltina Campo Belo”, de autoria de Conceição Evaristo, parte integrante do livro: Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres. A narrativa escolhida explicita o percurso da personagem em busca de compreensão da sua própria existência. Ao longo do caminho, surgem dúvidas, dores, alegrias e (des)cobertas sobre a construção da identidade de gênero, lesboafetiva e lesboerótica da personagem. O texto foi escrito a partir de alguns encaminhamentos que envolvem: problematizar os silêncios impostos historicamente que são construídos repletos de preconceitos e discriminações sobre a sexualidade da mulher negra; propor a insubmissão e a insurgência como categorias existenciais e claves interpretativas para análise do corpus; buscar referenciais teóricos pertinentes para a compreensão do conto analisado dentro da possibilidade de análise interseccional de gênero e sexualidade, principalmente dialogando com a perspectiva da “epistemologia negra sapatão” de Tanya L. Saunders para o lesbotexto apresentado e de autoras(es) que desenvolvem a perspectiva de pensar a literatura negra epistemologicamente; mapear a jornada da personagem do conto refletindo sobre os seus processos de construção identitária.
Morrer de pé para não viver de joelhos: o suicídio de Bertoleza em O cortiço, de Aluísio Azevedo
Authors: Gonçalves Emanuel Régis Gomes
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo pretende analisar o suicídio de Bertoleza, constante no livro O cortiço (1890), de Aluísio Azevedo. Nosso objetivo é mostrar que a autoimolação da personagem em questão, longe de ser um ato extravagante e puramente ficcional dentro da narrativa tradicional brasileira, conjuga-se com as formas de resistência e insubmissão encontradas pelos negros e negras na sociedade brasileira antes da Abolição. Nossa metodologia consistirá, portanto, em utilizar a pesquisa histórica sobre as situações, motivações e crenças que levavam amiúde escravos e escravas em nossas terras a porem fim às próprias vidas para situar com maior clareza a configuração literária que essa prática adquire no livro O cortiço em relação à morte de Bertoleza. Para tanto, utilizamos como referencial teórico as pesquisas históricas de Ferreira (2009) e Mott (1991) sobre o suicídio de escravos e a mulher na luta contra a escravidão, respectivamente, análises psicológicas de Fanon (2008) sobre o racismo e as reflexões contidas no clássico O deus selvagem, de Alvarez (1999), sobre as relações entre a literatura e o suicídio; junto às observações pertinentes de Antonio Candido sobre João Romão e Bertoleza em seu ensaio “De cortiço a cortiço”, presentes no livro O discurso e a cidade (2015).
Evaluation of the positive predictive value (PPV3) of ACR BI-RADS category 4 and 5 based on the outcomes of Invasive Diagnostic Office
in an outpatient clinic
Authors: Koziełek Krzysztof , Stranz-Walczak Natalia , Gajdzis Paweł , Karmelita-Katulska Katarzyna
Published: August 2019

Introduction

The American College of Radiology (ACR) BI-RADS classification is the applicable for breast lesion assessment. BI-RADS categories 4 and 5 need to be followed by biopsy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the tissue biopsy-proven positive predictive value (PPV3) for BI-RADS 4 (and its subcategories) and for BI-RADS 5, and BI-RADS distribution, in comparison to ACR assumptions and literature.

Material and methods

We retrospectively analysed biopsies performed in our outpatient clinic in 2017. Our target group of patients consisted of 797 patients at the average age of 52 years.

Results

BI-RADS 5 constituted 12% of cases (95 cases), and BI-RADS 4 88% (698 cases). Within BI-RADS 4 subdivisions there were 359 cases in 4a (45.3%), 215 in 4b (27%), and 124 in 4c (15.6%). Overall PPV3 was 34.8%. BI-RADS 5 category PPV3 number was 97.89%. In category BI-RADS 4 the values of PPV3 equalled 26.22% without subdivision and 3.6%, 27.9%, and 88.7% for subcategories BI-RADS 4a, 4b, and 4c, respectively.

Conclusions

BI-RADS categorisation by radiologists in the studied group matches the literature data according to achieved PPV and BI-RADS percentage distribution. The stratification of cancer risk among categories was proven with Mann-Whitney U test p value < 0.005. There was a statistically important unaccepted difference of PPV3 between core biopsy and vacuum-assisted biopsy, which needs further investigation.
Observationally constrained analysis of sea salt aerosol in the marine atmosphere
Authors: Bian Huisheng , Froyd Karl , Murphy Daniel M. , Dibb Jack , Darmenov Anton , Chin Mian , Colarco Peter R. , da Silva Arlindo , Kucsera Tom L. , Schill Gregory , Yu Hongbin , Bui Paul , Dollner Maximilian , Weinzierl Bernadett , Smirnov Alexander
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Atmospheric sea salt plays important roles in marine cloud formation and
atmospheric chemistry. We performed an integrated analysis of NASA GEOS
model simulations run with the GOCART aerosol module, in situ measurements from the PALMS and SAGA instruments obtained during the NASA ATom campaign, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements from the AERONET Marine Aerosol Network (MAN) and from MODIS satellite observations to better constrain sea salt in the marine atmosphere. ATom measurements and GEOS model simulations both show that sea salt concentrations over the Pacific and Atlantic oceans have a strong vertical gradient, varying up to 4 orders of magnitude from the marine boundary layer to free troposphere. The modeled residence times suggest that the lifetime of sea salt particles with a dry diameter of less than 3 µm is largely controlled by wet removal, followed by turbulent process. During both boreal summer and winter, the GEOS-simulated sea salt mass mixing ratios agree with SAGA measurements in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and with PALMS measurements above the MBL. However, comparison of AOD from GEOS with AERONET/MAN and MODIS aerosol retrievals indicated that the model underestimated AOD over the oceans where sea salt dominates. The apparent discrepancy of slightly overpredicted concentration and large underpredicted AOD could not be explained by biases in the model RH affecting the particle hygroscopic growth, as modeled RH was found to be
comparable to or larger than the in situ measurements. This conundrum could at least partially be explained by the difference in sea salt size distribution; the GEOS simulation has much less sea salt percentage-wise in the smaller particle size range and thus less efficient light extinction than what was observed by PALMS.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC STUDY OF THE QUBBET EL-HAWA COPTIC CHURCH
(ASWAN, EGYPT)
Authors: Mozas-Calvache A. T. , Pérez-García J. L. , Barba-Colmenero V. , Jiménez-Serrano A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper presents the method applied and the results obtained in the photogrammetric study of the Qubbet el-Hawa Coptic Church. After several archaeological interventions, the ruins of this church were completely uncovered of sand. Therefore, a geometric documentation is justified in prevision of possible damages or deterioration that could affect it, considering the weakened status of several structures. In this context, we selected close-range photogrammetry because of the site conditions which include several vertical walls and occlusions that complicated the use of other terrestrial methods. In addition, a real texture of the object was demanded in order to obtain a complete documentation of the church. In this sense, some decorations and wall paintings were still visible causing this requisite of documentation based on real textures. However, the use of terrestrial photogrammetry was complicated due to the presence of occlusions, and in addition the use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) was not allowed. So a method using a mast of about 4 to 6 metres was considered in order to lift the camera, avoiding these obstacles and reducing the amount of photographs needed. Applying this method, a great set of photographs was acquired and the scene covered with convergent images. The results of the photogrammetric processes were several metric products such as a 3D model with real textures, a ground Digital Elevation Model (DEM), several orthoimages, sections, etc. In addition a preliminary virtual reconstruction of the church has been developed based on these results. In conclusion, we have obtained a complete and reliable geometric documentation of the site and other derived products that can be used for other purposes. The method used has demonstrated its efficiency in these types of studies.
PROJECT ANQA: PRESENTING THE BUILT HERITAGE OF DAMASCUS, SYRIA THROUGH DIGITALLY-ASSISTED STORYTELLING
Authors: Brzezicki F. , Ansara R. R. , Awad R. , Santana Quintero M. , Abdulac S. , Lavenir M.-L. , Tung B. , Ristevski J. , Pelletier M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. There is a growing interest in using new technology to create high-quality 3D recordings of heritage sites at potential risk of damage from conflict or natural disaster. Project Anqa is a multi-partner initiative to digitally document and present seven such at-risk heritage sites, all of which are located in Damascus, Syria. Through a training program, we enabled Syrian locals to collect a variety of data from all seven sites. With this data - a combination of photographs, laser-scan data and audio interviews - we present a web-application that provides researchers and the public a visually rich experience that showcases these at-risk sites. We term this approach “digitally-assisted storytelling.” Our goal is to raise awareness of the need to document and preserve at-risk heritage in the Middle East while providing local professionals in the region with the skills to carry out these tasks. Furthermore, Project Anqa aims to be an educational resource for both researchers and the public. By allowing all collected data to be downloaded at no charge through an open access platform, we encourage the transfer of knowledge and information while preserving the digital longevity of this endeavour.
INTEGRATING DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: ‘UNVEILING THE HIDDEN HAMINA’ INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL
Authors: Garcia-Fernandez J. , Medeiros L.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Currently, non-formal Heritage Education strategies present an immense potential to valorise and protect cultural heritage (CH), while promoting the transmission and production of knowledge. Integrating the potential of technologies in cultural heritage management practices, particularly in the field of ‘heritage documentation’, presents a way to empower both experts and non-experts with tools to better understand and record CH assets. It also allows to use research to advance on conservation, and to create and strengthen links between communities and their heritage. To achieve these in a non-formal context, a learning process/path needs to go beyond merely taking the contents out of the classroom; it requires the development of a strategy where students interact directly of the heritage assets, the communities and the institutions during a continuous amount of time, allowing for immersion, meaningful experience, and dialogue. In 2018, under coordination of the University of Lisbon and Tampere University of Technology, took place the International Summer School ‘Unveiling the Hidden Hamina’, in Finland. The course was focused on integrating a non-formal academic course on Heritage documentation with a community-centred approach to cultural heritage. Its primary goals were to develop a learning path merging communities and course contents, to tackle current challenges in Heritage documentation, and to solve some current problems identified by local CH institutions. This paper provides a description of the course program and learning activities, the community engagement strategies, the integrated socio-cultural agenda and the main outcomes obtained by the course.
EXPLOITING 3D MULTISPECTRAL TEXTURE FOR A BETTER FEATURE
IDENTIFICATION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Mathys A. , Jadinon R. , Hallot P.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. 3D photogrammetric reconstruction and spectral imaging have already proven useful and are being used on a daily basis for studying cultural heritage. Dense Image Matching allows to create a virtual replica of the object that can be used for morphometric studies, for monitoring and conservation purposes, virtual access, reduced handling of fragile objects and share objects with a broad audience. 2D spectral imaging is used in the field of cultural heritage conservation to analyse the condition of an object, map a previous restoration, detect a change in composition, reveal sub-drawings, improve details, etc. A 2D image representation of a three-dimensional object is a limited field of view and lead frequently to a lack of information, especially for artifacts with complex geometries. The combination of both techniques is the next step toward a more complete and more objective record of an object, but it can also be a tool to improve the identification of details presents on artifacts. This study focuses on a methodology aiming to combine photogrammetry and spectral imagery acquired from a modified DSLR camera. Two case studies acquired with multispectral reconstruction techniques are analysed. They are used to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of the developed methodology. The obtained results show that spectral imaging reconstruction is highly related to used wavelengths. Infrared and ultraviolet fluorescence can enhance features identification of the objects that are not or less visible in classic white light photogrammetry. Combining 3D reconstruction and multispectral imagery can facilitate the readings and the understanding of the object. It can help conservator and researchers to better understand the objects and how to preserve them.
RECOVERING LOST CULTURAL HERITAGE PLACES OF MEXICO. THE CASE OF THE TEMPLE OF JESUS MARIA – MASONIC LODGE OF MERIDA
Authors: Rodriguez A. , Magana J.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper offers, based on the integration of different documentary universes and the extraction of the few physical vestiges, an interpretation of the architectural transformation of the temple of Jesús María-Gran Logia La Oriental Peninsular of Mérida, Yucatán, México, which originally served as a Parish for Black people and mulattos under the advocacy of El Dulce Nombre de Jesús. In the mid-nineteenth century, due to the military clashes during the Second Mexican Empire, this building suffered serious deterioration; reason for which, after the Restoration of the Republic, it was subject to a series of partial reconstructions. During the Mexican Revolution, it was seized and converted into the headquarters of the Gran Logia La Oriental Peninsular, with aesthetic adaptations typical of Neo-Mayan Art Deco, and it was demolished in the 1940s. This contribution highlights the virtual reconstruction that made it possible to indicate the permanencies, changes and losses of this heritage piece in its historical evolution.
A DIGITAL DIAGNOSIS FOR THE « AUTUMN » STATUE (MARSEILLE, FRANCE) :
PHOTOGRAMMETRY, DIGITAL CARTOGRAPHY AND CONSTRUCTION OF A
THESAURUS
Authors: Roussel R. , Bagnéris M. , De Luca L. , Bomblet P.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The evolution of the digital technologies allowed since the early 1990s, to multiply the photogrammetric acquisitions, the digital and mechanical diagnosis and the 3D diagnosis of the sculptural heritage, generating a better knowledge of these objects. The multiplication of these tools therefore allowed to establish multidisciplinary methodologies, generally leading towards less invasive restorations protocol. Here, the diagnosis of a case study is first accomplished, starting with a photogrammetric acquisition, then tested in the two and three dimension annotation platform named aïoli, in order to determine the current possibilities for an innovative use of these tools, benefiting at the diagnosis of the sculptural heritage. On the order hand, along with the multiplication of the multidisciplinary methodologies, a very contemporary problematic arises: the need to improve the communication and discussion between different professionals. The goal was here to offer innovative methods to give all professionals the same vocabulary, a shared knowledge, therefore allowing a better diagnosis of these pieces of art.
ETHICAL FRAMEWORK FOR HERITAGE RECORDING SPECIALISTS APPLYING
DIGITAL WORKFLOWS FOR CONSERVATION
Authors: Santana Quintero M. , Fai S. , Smith L. , Duer A. , Barazzetti L.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Recording the physical characteristics of historic structures and landscapes is a cornerstone of preventive maintenance, monitoring and conservation. The information produced by such workflows guides decision-making by property owners, site managers, public officials, and conservators. Rigorous documentation may also serve a broader purpose: over time, it becomes the primary means by which scholars and the public apprehend a site that has since changed radically or disappeared. The development of ethics principles (or a code of ethics) applicable to the heritage recording specialist in their conduct, responsibilities, professional practice and for the benefit of the public and communities is of paramount importance. As indicated by Smith (2019), “the values and principles inherent in the technology itself are more sharply diverging for a reckoning: we must now address not just the practical considerations of the technology we use, but also its moral and ethical implications. If we don't, we risk compromising the values of the heritage we serve.” This means that it is important that the practice allow for better planning, recording, processing and dissemination of digital workflows for the conservation of historic places. Also, digital products should improve the practice, including sharing and preserving records among heritage organizations around the world. This contribution seeks to establish a framework to review and apply ethical concepts to improve the field of digital heritage recording.
THE TRACES OF THE PAST: INFORMATIVE TOOLS FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF AURELIAN WALLS IN RIONE TESTACCIO
Authors: Cianci M. G. , Molinari M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Rome has a great cultural heritage, formed by the stratification of styles and political influences from different eras. The different eras and architectural styles that have defined the city in the two millennia of history, make each part unique in its kind. This succession of changes has by necessity led to the denial of some archaeologies that in past ages were pivotal points in the development of the ancient city. The research presented here is intended to analyze and reconstruct the archeology of the river stretch of the Aurelian Walls on the Lungotevere Testaccio partly disappeared from the architectural landscape of the city. The research was set in two main phases, the first based on the two-dimensional study of the lost fabric, focusing on the cartographic study and the digitization of them in the GIS environment. The second one still under development foresees the digitalization of the threedimensional elements detected and the insertion of these within the dedicated platforms.
A GAMING APPROACH FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE KNOWLEDGE AND DISSEMINATION
Authors: Di Paola F. , Inzerillo L. , Alognaa Y.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In these last years, video games have become one of the most popular entertainment for children/teenagers/adults thanks to their appealing and seductive features and, in this context, the Serious Games (SG) have become an important research field. The most popular SGs in Cultural Heritage (CH) used the historical building like scenario where the game is playing. In this paper we show the procedure to achieve a CH video game where the Cultural Heritage is the main actor and not the scenario of the game. Furthermore, the game is not a SG but an Action-Adventure Game (AAG) or Survival Game (SuG), in a largest heading it can be classified as Entertainment Games (EGs). The novelty of this study is not only in the original application of the CH within the AAG sector but also consists of the experimentation of the Virtual Reality (VR) algorithm and of the application of Augmented Reality (AR) within the VR scenario used in the form of an avatar. Furthermore, in this paper we overcome the technical problems due to the different size of the environment and the work art.
HBIM IMPLEMENTATION FOR AN OTTOMAN MOSQUE. CASE OF STUDY: SULTAN MEHMET FATIH II MOSQUE IN KOSOVO
Authors: Di Stefano F. , Malinverni E. S. , Pierdicca R. , Fangi G. , Ejupi S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. National Strategy For Cultural Heritage 2017–2027 is a Kosovo Government document that aims the enhancement of the system for the protection and preservation of Kosovan cultural heritage. Among the listed goals, one can find the promotion of an integrated data management approach towards cooperation platforms that involve advanced technologies and information systems applied to cultural heritage. In a country with a low technological progress, as Kosovo is, an innovative information management system like HBIM is a huge challenge. This research contributes in opening the debate about the use of HBIM even for historical architecture, illustrating a methodology of information management promoting the conservation and the valorization of a Kosovan ottoman mosque. The workflow pipeline started with the close range photogrammetric survey, obtaining first spherical panoramas and then the wire-frame processed in a 3D modelling environment, suitable to implement the HBIM project. Basing on the accuracy of the data acquisition, the availability of information about the building and the related level of knowledge, we proposed a semantic representation of the complex structure integrating in an HBIM collecting in an “ad hoc” database the geometrical building components, enriched with attributes as images, materials, decay, interventions, etc., linked to each features. Our approach is an example of how efficient semantic classification can be repeated for the analysis and the documentation of other similar ottoman mosque, simplifying the management of construction by a sort of unique and searchable archive. The advantage of the interoperability concept allows the data sharing is now stressed by HBIM.
3D RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ROMAN DOMUS IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF LYLIBAEUM (MARSALA, ITALY)
Authors: Ebolese D. , Lo Brutto M. , Dardanelli G.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Generally, terrestrial laser scanning surveys involve a rather large number of scans to ensure a high percentage of overlap required for the scan registration phase (target-based or point-based registration, cloud-to-cloud registration). These approaches result in data redundancy that could slow down both the acquisition and post-processing phases. In recent years, the technological evolution in the field of laser scanners has been directed to the development of devices that are able to perform an onsite pre-registration, to optimize the survey procedures and the reliability of the registration of the scan. The paper presents the results achieved during a terrestrial laser scanning survey carried out for the documentation and 3D reconstruction of the large and complex archaeological remains of the so-called Roman Domus in the archaeological site of Lylibaeum (Marsala, Italy). The survey was also conducted using a terrestrial laser scanner capable of pre-registering scans using a topographic approach. The pre-registration procedure and the data acquisition strategy have allowed to optimize the workflow and to obtain a 3D model of the Roman Domus with a high level of detail and area coverage.
ALGORITHMS FOR THE AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOLOGIES IN HERITAGE ELEMENTS FROM THERMOGRAPHIC IMAGES
Authors: Garrido I. , Lagüela S. , Sfarra S. , Solla M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Heritage elements, from historic buildings to stone sculptures and panels, stand as key elements in the history of humanity. Unfortunately, the deterioration of both the surface and the interior of these elements is inevitable, endangering the quality and existence of these structures of high historical value in the event of a delay in the implementation of the required maintenance tasks. InfraRed Thermography, IRT, appears as one of the most recent techniques to detect and characterize possible pathologies in structures in their early stages, being very useful for a preventive analysis in heritage elements. This paper presents a methodology for the automatic detection and characterization of one of the most severe and frequent pathologies in heritage structures, moisture, from thermal images. The proposal stands as a demonstration of the potential of the IRT technique for heritage conservation applications, and as a new step towards the automation of the inspection process and optimization of the decision-taking in conservation actions within cultural heritage. For that, two thermal criteria and a semi-automatic image rectification process are implemented as main phases of the methodology, obtaining good results for the detection of moisture zones and accurate area values with regard to the real dimensions of each moisture zone. Specifically, an F-score average of 78 % ± 19 % regarding detection performance and a percentage relative error of minimum 4 %, and maximum of 12 %, referred to the area computation in unit metrics are obtained.
INTEGRATIVE IRT FOR DOCUMENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES
Authors: Griffo M. , Cimadomo P. , Menconero S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The documentation of built heritage involves tangible and intangible features. Several morphological and metric aspects of architectural structures are acquired throughout a massive data capture system, such as the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. They produce models that give information about the skin of architectural organism. Infrared Thermography (IRT) is one of the techniques used to investigate what is beyond the external layer. This technology is particularly significant in the diagnostics and conservation of the built heritage. In archaeology, the integration of data acquired through different sensors improves the analysis and the interpretation of findings that are incomplete or transformed. Starting from a topographic and photogrammetric survey, the procedure here proposed aims to combine the bidimensional IRT data together with the 3D point cloud. This system helps to overcome the Field of View (FoV) of each IRT image and provides a three-dimensional reading of the thermal behaviour of the object. This approach is based on the geometric constraints of the pair of RGB-IR images coming from two different sensors mounted inside a bi-camera commercial device. Knowing the approximate distance between the two sensors, and making the necessary simplifications allowed by the low resolution of the thermal sensor, we projected the colour of the IR images to the RGB point cloud. The procedure was applied is the so-called Nymphaeum of Egeria, an archaeological structure in the Caffarella Park (Rome, Italy), which is currently part of the Appia Antica Regional Park.
MULTI-WAVELENGTHS 3D LASER SCANNING FOR PIGMENT AND STRUCTURAL STUDIES ON THE FRESCOED CEILING THE TRIUMPH OF DIVINE PROVIDENCE
Authors: Guarneri M. , Ceccarelli S. , Ferri De Collibus M. , Francucci M. , Ciaffi M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The modern 3D digitalization techniques open new scenarios on how to transmit to the next generations the state of health of Cultural Heritage (CH) buildings, paintings, frescos or statues. The final goal of the 3D digitalization is an exact replica of the acquired target, but a standard and unique technique able to digitalize artworks of different size and in different ambient light conditions is still far from being successfully ready for the CH field. Even if both laser scanning and photogrammetry can be considered mature techniques, applied with success in most of the Cultural Heritage study cases, they are limited in terms of colour digitalization and image quality in all the cases where ambient light and big sensor-target distances are crucial factors: differently to standard laser scanners, which collect colour information by the use of a coaxial camera and the distance by an IR laser source, the RGB-ITR (Red, Green and Blue Imaging Topological Radar) scanner, developed in ENEA, is equipped with three different laser sources for the simultaneous colour and distance estimation. The present work shows the results obtained applying the above-mentioned multi-wavelengths laser scanner for collecting a complete high-quality 3D colour model of “The Triumph of Divine Providence” vault, painted by Pietro da Cortona on the ceiling of the noble hall inside Palazzo Barberini in Rome.
A STUDY ON PLANNING AND PLATFORM FOR INTERACTIVE EXHIBITION OF SCIENTIFIC CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Jo Y. H. , Kim J. , Cho N. C. , Lee C. H. , Yun Y. H. , Kwon D. K.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This study has developed an experiential exhibition system of scientific cultural heritage through interactive projection mapping. A bronze mirror with fine linear design was selected as an exhibition subject considering the intuitiveness and responsiveness of research and development results. First, three-dimensional (3D) scanning was performed to construct a digital database of the original forms, and computer graphics-based 3D modeling was also performed to build exhibition materials and 3D printed objects. Furthermore, objective scenarios were created based on a traditional science experience, understanding the present bronze mirror, and processes of restoring the corroded original bronze mirror through modern conservation science. The technique selected to implement the scientific content of bronze mirror as media art in this study is interactive projection mapping. Moreover, a large 3D printing of bronze mirror was installed at the center of the exhibition space to allow users and all viewers to concurrently engage in scientific cultural heritage content. Simultaneous projection mapping on the front and rear of the printed bronze mirror model enhanced 3D effects and the immersion of the content. To construct an interactive space connecting the virtual and reality, ore, mold, bronze mirror replicas, 3D printing outputs, and cultural products used in the process of producing bronze mirrors were exhibited to make the exhibit more intuitive for visitors. This interactive projection mapping-based scientific and cultural exhibition of the bronze mirror is an experiential exhibition system which combines traditional science, modern conservation science, and future exhibition technology.
SEARCH & INSPECTION ARCHAEOLOGICAL UNDERWATER CAMPAIGNS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN ARROWS PROJECT
Authors: Allotta B. , Costanzi R. , Mugnai F. , Reggiannini M. , Ridolfi A. , Scaradozzi D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), benefiting from significant investments in the past years, are commonly used for military security and offshore Oil&Gas applications. The ARROWS project, aimed at exporting the AUV technology to the field of underwater archaeology, a low-budget research field compared to the previous ones. The paper focuses on the strategy for vehicle coordination adopted within the project, a Search and Inspection (S&I) approach borrowed from the defense field (e.g., mine countermeasure – MCM) that proved to be an efficient solution also for the main phases of an underwater archaeological mission. The other main novelty aspect is represented by MARTA (MArine Robotic Tool for Archaeology) AUV: it is a modular vehicle easily and quickly reconfigurable developed in the framework of ARROWS according to the project Archaeological Advisory Group (AAG) guidelines. Results from the final demonstration of the project, held in Estonia during Summer 2015, are proposed in the paper as an experimental proof of the validity of the proposed S&I strategy, and MARTA functioning and its adaptability to the mission requirements. Even in its first prototype version, MARTA successfully played the Inspection role within the AUV team, collaborating with a commercial Search AUV. Acoustic and optical data collected during the mission and processed to increase their intelligibility for the human operator are proposed and discussed.