bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Impact of Introductory Law and Sports Law Courses on Students’ Knowledge and Awareness of Law and Sports Law in Sports Management Departments
Authors: PEPE Alperen
Published: September 2024

Araştırma survey tarama modelinde bir araştırma olup, spor yöneticiliği bölümlerinde okutulan Hukuk ve Spor Hukuku Derslerinin öğrencilerin hukuk ve spor hukuku bilgi ve bilinçlerine olan etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Araştırmanın evreni ulaşılabilirlik durumuna göre belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın evreni Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakülteleri, Spor Yöneticiliği
Bölümlerinde Hukuka giriş ve Spor Hukuku dersini okumuş 650 öğrenci, örneklem grubunu ise evrenden gönüllülük esasına göre belirlenmiş 464 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Hukuka giriş
ve Spor hukuku ders içerikleri ve öğrencilere kazandırılmak istenen hedefler incelenerek “Hukuk ve Spor Hukuku Bilgi ve Bilinci” anketi hazırlanmıştır. Geliştiren anketin uzman görüşleri alınarak anlaşıla bilirliği ve kapsam geçerliği,
test ve tekrar test yöntemiyle de geçerlik ve güvenirliği sağlanmıştır. Anketin Cronbach’s Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı 0,90 olarak bulunmuştur. Anketler katılımcılara konu hakkında bilgi verildikten sonra 464 katılımcıya doldurtulmuştur.
Bu şekilde örneklem gurubundan anketi hatasız dolduran 294 erkek,162 kadın olmak üzere toplam 456 katılımcının anketi değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda elde edilen veriler istatistik işlem için uygun
bilgisayar ortamına aktarılmıştır. İstatistik işlem olarak, frekans (%), değişkenler arası farklılıkların tespiti için, Independent Samples T-Test işlemleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; araştırma kapsamında elde edilen verilere
göre, katılımcıların okudukları “hukuk ve spor hukuku” dersleri sonucunda, hukuk ve spor hukuku bilgi ve bilinçlerine olan etkisinin orta düzeyde olduğunu söyleyebiliriz
The Effect of Inflation Accounting Application on the Financial Statements of Businesses: An Application in the Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Cahit ÇUKACI Yusuf , CANPOLAT İdris
Published: September 2024

Enflasyon, bir ekonomide belirli bir dönemde mal ve hizmet fiyatlarında meydana gelen sürekli artışı ifade etmektedir. Enflasyon, işletmelerin kaynaklarının değerinin düşerek belli bir süre sonra değersiz hale gelmesine ve varlıklarının
toplamda değerinin azalmasına yol açan bir olgudur. Bu nedenledir ki yüksek enflasyona sahip ekonomilerde işletmelerin finansal tabloları gerçeği yansıtmaktan oldukça uzaktır. Finansal tabloların gerçeği yansıtabilmesinin yolu
zamanla varlıkların defter değeri ile piyasa değeri arasındaki farkı ortadan kaldıracak ya da azaltacak uygulamalardan olan enflasyon muhasebesi gibi uygulamaların gerçekleştirilmesi ile mümkündür. Bu çalışmada imalat sektöründe
işlem gören bir işletmeye ait finansal tablolar incelenmiş ve söz konusu işletmenin finansal tabloları enflasyon düzeltmesine tabi tutulmuştur. İşletmenin finansal tablolarının düzeltilmesinde parasal olmayan kalemler analiz edilmiş
ve işletmenin finansal tablolarına enflasyon muhasebesi uygulandıktan sonra sonuçlar karşılıklı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı enflasyon muhasebesine ilişkin genel bilgiler vererek imalat sektöründe faaliyet gösteren
bir işletmenin finansal tablolarına enflasyon muhasebesi uygulandıktan sonra işletmenin finansal tablolarında meydana gelen değişiklikleri ifade etmektir. Çalışmanın ilk kısmında enflasyon ve enflasyon muhasebesiyle ilgili açıklamalara
yer verilmiştir. İkinci kısmında enflasyon muhasebesi ve finansal tablolar ile ilgili bilgiler açıklanmıştır. Üçüncü kısmında enflasyon muhasebesi uygulamalarının finansal tablolar üzerindeki etkisi ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın son
kısmında ise enflasyon muhasebesi uygulanmadan önce ve uygulandıktan sonra finansal tablolarda meydana gelen değişiklikler detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir.
Desenvolvimento de modelo de negócios de oferta híbrida produto-serviço para empresa de consultoria de marketing
Authors: Franco Gustavo , GHOBRIL ALEXANDRE NABIL , Caldeira Adilson
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho aborda e definição de estratégias de negócio para a expansão da atuação de uma empresa de consultoria de marketing. São discutidos temas como estratégia corporativa, escolhas estratégicas, serviços e ofertas da empresa, indicadores financeiros de desempenho, estratégias de desenvolvimento de mercado e projeções financeiras. O trabalho utiliza a Simulação de Monte Carlo para avaliar incertezas e faz uso de técnicas propostas por Osterwalder & Pigneur para construção de proposta de valor, além de análises de modelo de negócios propostas por Johnson, Scholes & Whittington. Também são exploradas as possibilidades de oferta mista, com base no posicionamento de marca e oferta de Ries & Trout. Os riscos envolvidos nas estratégias propostas são analisados, e planos de mitigação e controle são propostos com base na análise de risco.
Activation of «COVID» Words in the Kazakh Language: Statistical Analysis
Authors: Agabekova Zhazira , Amirbekova Aigul , Kalybekova Kalamkas , Ospanova Dana , Bayan Abylayeva  , Khassenov Bolat
Published: September 2024

Some words in the Kazakh language became more active during the pandemic. This article describes which words were most often used in the Kazakh language during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research materials were taken from Google Trends and the National Corpus of the Kazakh language. The analysis showed that in the Kazakh language words like koronavırýs-coronavirus (noun); covid (noun); COVID-19 (noun); pandemıa-pandemic (noun); koronavırýstyq ınfeksıa-coronavirus infection (adjective+ noun); karantın-quarantine (noun); ózin-ózi oqshaýlaý-self-isolation (pronoun+gesture name); lokdaýn-lokdaun (noun); áleýmettik qashyqtyq-social distance (adjective+noun); qashyqtyqtan oqytý-distance learning (noun+gesture name) were frequently used. The article has developed a visualization of the frequency of use of words with statistical diagrams.
A study to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on prevention of nomophobia among under graduate nursing students at SJMINS, Chitradurga
Authors: AKASH G M  , PAVITHRA M
Published: September 2024

Nomophobia is an extreme, irrational and overwhelming fear of being without a mobile phone. Nomophobia is a fairly recently discovered phobia which is known as a 21st-century condition. The individual may experience negative patterns of thoughts and negative feelings, such as anxiety, stress, fear or panic. Hence this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on prevention of nomophobia among under graduate nursing students at SJMINS, Chitradurga. Pre-experimental one group pretest posttest study was conducted. We Enrolled 80 undergraduate nursing students by using probability sampling with lottery method in SJMINS, Chitradurga. Sociodemographic data sheet and structured knowledge questionnaire were used to obtain data from participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. This study revealed that 45.00% (n=36) participants had inadequate knowledge, 51.20% (n=41) participants had moderate knowledge and 3.80% of participants had adequate knowledge in the pretest. 31.20% (n=25) participants had moderate knowledge and 68.80% (n=55) participants had adequate knowledge in the posttest. there was statistically significant difference between pretest mean score (15.76 + 3.71) and posttest mean score (24.09 + 2.26). The calculated t value= -16.835, df=79, p=0.000. The present study is concluded that video assisted teaching program was found to be effective in improving the knowledge scores among under graduate nursing students, SJMINS, Chitradurga.
The Effectiveness of Know Want Learn Chart Strategy Combine With Picture on Reading Comprehension
Authors: Ambarwati Putri , Candraloka Olyvia Revalita
Published: September 2024

Reading skill is generally thought of as comprehension and interpreted sentences contained in a text to achieve success in English language learned (ELT), but these skills were considered very difficult to achieve. In fact, there are still low scores due to lack of student motivation. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the Know-Want-Learned Chart strategy combined with picture on students' reading comprehension in English subject descriptive text material. This research employs a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The sample used in the quasi-experiment included 60 students in class VIII MTs Zumrotul Wildan Jepara used purposive sampling. Data collection used a written test in the form of multiple choices as an instrument. The research results show that KWL chart combined with pictures was effective in improved students' reading comprehension and providing motivation in finding the main idea in descriptive text.
A Method for Reconstructing In-Situ Saturation Based on Dean-Stark Saturation Measured in Laboratory
Authors:   Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited, Zhang Jiansheng , Xu Sainan ,   Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited, Li Yunlong ,   Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited, Qi Yi ,   Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited, Li Yang ,   Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited
Published: September 2024

Sealed coring technology has been widely used in the Bohai Bay Basin in the past decades. The temperature and pressure changes experienced by the core from in-place borehole to lab conditions generate inconsistencies between the measured and the in-place saturations. In the Bohai Bay Basin, the as-received air-filled saturation measured in a laboratory has reached 10 ~ 30%, leading to significant uncertainty when using measured saturation to calibrate log-derived saturation. Saturation correction must be performed when attempting to assess the risks, economics, and potential of a targeted resource play. It is commonly assumed that the void space at surface was previously occupied by hydrocarbons. However, this statement clearly overestimates the content of hydrocarbons, especially in waterflood intervals where there is a simultaneous loss of oil and water. The influence of montmorillonite dehydration on Dean-Stark saturation has not been extensively investigated. Although physical experiments can simulate the effects of degasification on fluid saturations, they are not practical for vendors and operators due to their lengthy duration. Too much attention has been focused on updating coring technology and saturation measurement methods, while the key question has been neglected: How has the core saturation changed due to the temperature and pressure changes? The interlayer water of montmorillonite bleeds from the core at high temperatures. The volume of pores and fluids changes as the core is brought to the surface. Some of the fluids in the pore space get volatile because of degasification. All these phenomena can lead to errors in laboratory saturation. This manuscript presents a workflow that includes correction models for pore volume expansion, clay dehydration, and degasification to bridge the gap between measured and in-situ saturations. The corrected saturation shows a good agreement with log-derived and air-mercury injection saturations, indicating the effectiveness of the workflow. Compared with the measured water saturation from standard practice, the corrected water saturation increased by an average of 7.4 saturation units (s.u.) and was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.0268 < 0.05). The workflow is based on experiments that were conducted on hydrophilic clay-quartz samples, so the application of the workflow is limited by the wettability and lithology of the formation.
School Leadership in Multicultural Contexts During COVID-19: The Case of Meilla, Spain
Authors: Chılah Abdelkader Nabila , García-carmona Marina , Hinojo Lucena Francisco Javier
Published: September 2024

Multiculturalism is increasingly present in schools, especially in Melilla (Spain), where cultural diversity is one of its defining features due to its geographical location on the border between Africa and Europe. In the light of the importance of educational leaders in dealing with this diversity, this research proposes two main objectives. First, to analyze initial and ongoing training in terms of interculturality, skills, and knowledge that an educational leader must have in their position, and second, to determine the impact of COVID-19 on school management in education centers. We used a qualitative methodology with semi-structured face-to-face interviews to collect data, and content analysis as a data analysis method. The participants (school leaders) represent the six districts that comprise the city of Melilla, nine infant and primary education and six secondary education school leaders. The results reveal that the training received by educational leaders is rather limited and not very useful in practice. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the inequality gap between families from the schools, given that the situation exacerbated their economic status.
Numerical Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Internally Flowing Pipes with Varying Roughness and Helical Angles of Vortex Generators
Authors: Tan Fuat , Dede Alp Eren
Published: September 2024

In this study, the turbulent behavior inside a pipe containing an aluminum helical vortex generator plate was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, considering different plate roughness and helical angle values. Accordingly, numerical analyses of velocity and pressure distributions for a liquid flow with a constant inlet velocity of 0.5 m/s and four different helical angles were performed and compared in a computer software. To observe the effects of the roughness values of the metal plate on flow behavior, analyses were conducted for three different roughness values for each helical angle and the results were compared and interpreted. As a result of the study, the combination of a roughness value of 0.04 and a helical angle of 0° led to the highest pressure and velocity values, while the same roughness value combined with a 270° helical angle resulted in the lowest pressure and velocity values. Detailed analysis showed that helical angles (90° and 180°) presented moderate pressure and velocity values, indicating a non-linear relationship between helical angle and flow characteristics. The results demonstrate that optimizing the helical angle and roughness is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of vortex generators. This way, a design will be developed to prevent performance degradation in industrial applications that require flow efficiency and pressure management.
Accelerated Postsecondary Pathways: The Longer-Term Impact of the Early College High School Model on Postsecondary Degree Attainment
Authors: Song Mengli , Neering Kyle , Zeiser Kristina L. , Schwarzhaupt Robert , Mitchell Sara
Published: September 2024

Utilizing a lottery-based natural experiment, this study assessed the longer-term impact of early colleges on postsecondary degree attainment. It found that early colleges significantly increased the overall degree completion and associate degree completion rates within 10 years of expected high school graduation. While the impact on bachelor’s degree or advanced degree attainment was no longer significant 10 years after high school, results from earlier years suggest that early college students attained these degrees at a higher rate and faster pace than control students. This study also found that the early college impact on bachelor’s degree attainment was significantly stronger for underrepresented minorities and that the impact on associate degree attainment was significantly stronger for students with higher prior achievement.
Caracterización histológica de las enaciones de hojas de maíz (Zea mays L.) afectado por el Mal de Río Cuarto
Authors: Vigliocco A. , Tordable M. , Poloni N. , Ornaghi J. , Abdala G. , Lorenzo E.
Published: September 2024

En el presente trabajo se analizó la histología de hojas de maíz (Zea mays L.) portadoras de enaciones, las que constituyen el síntoma característico y diferencial de la enfermedad virósica denominada "Mal de Rio Cuarto", en comparación con hojas sanas. Los resultados demuestran que el virus causal de esta enfermedad, Maize Rough Dwarf Virus, afecta los tres tipos de haces vasculares de las hojas. Las primeras alteraciones se observaron en haces de segundo y tercer orden, donde a partir de algunas células del floema de contenido denso, granuloso, diferente del normal, se inicia una hiperplasia que se extiende hacia la epidermis abaxial. En esta masa celular se diferencian elementos xilemáticos, floemáticos y/o parenquimáticos, los que adquieren distintas configuraciones. Esta proliferación celular, al exceder los límites de la epidermis foliar, constituye una "enación".
Estimación bayesiana de componentes de (co)varianza en Brangus argentino para caracteres de res mediante el algoritmo FCG
Authors: Cantet R. J. C. , Birchmeier A. N.
Published: September 2024

Se emplearon los datos de 2273 toritos y vaquillonas Brangus para estimar las heredabilidades (h2) y las correlaciones aditivas y ambientales de caracteres de calidad de carne medidos por ultrasonido. Los registros provenían del programa de evaluación genética de la Asociación Argentina de Brangus. Los caracteres medidos fueron el área del ojo del bife (AOB), el marmoreado (MB),la grasa dorsal (GD) y la grasa de cadera (GC). La edad media de los animales al momento de la medición fue 641 días en machos y 685 días en hembras. Los parámetros genéticos y ambientales fueron estimados mediante un algoritmo bayesiano conjugado. Los valores estimados de h2 fueron 0,22, 0,16, 0,12 y0,21, para AOB, GD, CC y MB, respectivamente. Si bien los valores estimados de h2 fueron inferiores al promedio de la investigación realizada en vacunos para carne, la variabilidad encontrada es suficiente como para que la respuesta a la selección por estos caracteres , empleando predicciones de los valores de cría calculadas con los parámetros estimados sea moderadamente efectiva.
Características de la disponibilidad de frío invernal para cerezos en la zona norte de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Naranjo G. , Tersoglio E.
Published: September 2024

La carencia de frío invernal afecta la calidad y reduce los rendimientos de los frutales de carozo. Los cerezos poseen fuertes exigencias de frío invernal. La acumulación de unidades de frío Utah modificada (UFUM) que presentan las zonas estudiadas, San Martín y Junín, varía a través de los años. En tales áreas el cultivo del cerezo aún no se ha difundido. Junín posee un valor medio de 884 UFUM, mientras que en San Martín es de 816 UFUM, suficiente sólo para variedades de requerimientos bajos. El 95% de los ciclos invernales oscilaron de 459 a 1310 para Junín y de 390 a 1241 UFUM para San Martín. En ambos departamentos sólo el 45% de los años se alcanzan las 900 UFUM, mientras que la probabilidad de cumplir 900 UFUM es 57% y 41% para Junín y San Martín respectivamente. La probabilidad de 1200 UFUM es de sólo 8 y 5% para Junín y San Martín respectivamente. Este estudio establece bases que deberían ser consideradas para el desarrollo de proyectos de producción de cerezas en áreas con baja disponibilidad de frío y sin experiencia en el cultivo.Además, permitiría seleccionar las variedades más adaptadas y desarrollar una zonificación para el cultivo.
Eficiencia en el uso del nitrógeno del trigo en la región semiárida de Buenos Aires (Argentina): efectos de la dosis y momento de aplicación
Authors: Martínez J.M. , Galantini J.A. , Landriscini M.R.
Published: September 2024

In semiarid regions optimal fertilization is difficult due to erratic rainfall. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of climate variability on the response to different rates and timing of fertilization on wheat productivity and on efficiencies in the use of nitrogen in a site of the semiarid region of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. For five years, fertilization trials were conducted in wheat combining N rates (0, 25, 50 y 100 kg ha-1) and times of fertilization: Seeding (Ns) and tillering (Nm). Agronomic efficiency (EUF) for dry matter (MS) and grain, and apparent recovery of nitrogen (RAN) were evaluated. Interactions between variables (year, rates and times) and efficiencies were found. In Nm, significant correlations of all parameters were found with October rainfall. Protein for Ns and Nm was significantly and inversely correlated with full cycle rainfall. Significant correlations were found in EUF of MS and grain in this order: Full cycle rainfall> Spring rainfall> Oct rainfall> Set rainfall. Interannual climate variability showed the greatest influence on the nitrogen use efficiencies, regardless the application timing.
Las relaciones C/N y PS/N durante el crecimiento y la senescencia de hojas de Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Authors: Pereyra de Altamira S. M. , Trippi V. S.
Published: September 2024

The macromolecules content (protein, nucleic acid, and carbohydrates) changes during leaf growth and senescence. However, no data are presently available concerning the changes of fundamental elements like Nitrogen and Carbon, and their relations. A hypothesis that variation in C/N and WR/N ratios may be used as an ontogenic index of leaf physiology stage is proposed. The first pair of leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. var Balln de Albenga was used, and two experiments were carried out: 1) Leaf growth and senescence. 2) Correlation suppression (apex excision and defoliation). The results indicated that C/N and WR/N ratios are a possible index of leaf physiological stage during growth and senescence. These findings are supported by: i) Both relations (C/N and WR/N) show a steady increase during leaf ontogeny. ii) Senescence-delaying treatments promote a decline (apex excision) or stabilization (defoliation) of C/N and WR/N ratios.
Chañaritos S-156: nuevo cultivar de garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Biderbost E. B. J. , Carreras J. J. C.
Published: September 2024

The wide genetic variability existing in populations of chickpea cv. Sauco was explored in order to obtain a cultivar with higher yield and better seed commercial quality. Three pure lines with improved quality were obtained: Chañaritos S-93, S-156 and S-159. Yield of these lines were compared in tests carried out for several years in various productive areas, and line S-156 was selected as the highest yielding one. The main characteristics of this new chickpea cultivar are the following: yield 1,800-1,900 kg/ha, mean seed size 0.49 g; seed shape lobulated, slightly furrowed; light yellow teguments, emergence-harvest interval 140-150 days; fair tolerance to Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum; resistance to low temperature (-5°C) especially during the vegetative period. This new cultivar is adapted to irrigated cultivation in soils with previous prolonged agricultural use.
Contribución de la floración in vitro al conocimiento del desarrollo reproductivo en plantas superiores
Authors: Tizio R.
Published: September 2024

In vitro flowering studies can contribute to the understanding of some of the mechanisms involved in reproductive development, in particular those related to vernalization and photoperiodism. However, on account of the excision of plant parts, in vitro studies imply the rupture of correlation phenomena, which can influence the expression of flowering. The following general conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of the in vitro behavior of short and long day plants, either with or without vernalization requirements, and of some photoperiodically indifferent plants: a) Photoperiod and vernalization requirements of explants are identical to those of plants in vivo; b) In some cases, flowering in vitro can be achieved under non-inductive photoperiods; c) Buds developed in vitro are capable of sensing the floral stimuli; d) There is frequent loss of floral induction in vitro; e) Auxins inhibit flowering in vitro.
A Systematic Review of Sport for Development and Peace Reviews
Authors: Hozhabri  , Asif Umair , Pitre Louis-Charles , Petry Karen , Safarikova Simona , Rondeau Jean Jacques , Gadais Tegwen
Published: September 2024

Introduction: In the last decade, Sport for Development (SFD) and Peace (SDP) reviews have seen an increase in published review research to explore the potential of sport as a vehicle for development to attain Sustainable Development Goals among others. Some reviews have been conducted on several related themes, but to date, no attempt has been made to evaluate and scrutinize review contributions in this field. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of SFD/SDP reviews to provide a complete and updated picture of the field of research.Methods: A scoping-systematic review using PRISMA-ScR guidelines was used to identify reviews published on SFD/SDP since 2000. After applying strict inclusion criteria in 8 languages, including grey literature, 21 reviews were identified through database searches in Scopus, SPORTDiscus, ScieLO, SocINDEX, ProQuest, PsyCINFO and Google Scholar. Experts from the field were consulted, mapping of authors and overlapping of studies were conducted and the quality of reviews was assessed.Findings: Findings highlighted diverse thematic focuses, including those aligned with SDGs such as health promotion, gender equality, and educational outcomes, alongside novel areas such as managerial implications and critical pedagogy. Despite the wealth of research, consensus on sport’s developmental potential remains elusive, hindered by methodological limitations and a dearth of quality assessments. Moreover, the dominance of English publications underscores a need for linguistic inclusivity, while reevaluating terminology and expanding disciplinary engagement can enrich and globalize the discourse. Critical reflection is warranted on the historical context of SFD/SDP, moving beyond colonial narratives to embrace diverse development paradigms, including intra-European perspectives. Conclusion: The field of SFD/SDP seems to need initiatives that focus on bottom-up approaches, with long-term monitoring, evaluation of changes over time, attention to cultural contexts and local participation. It also necessitates a rigorous revision of methodologies to better elucidate the multi-level impact of sport-based initiatives on achieving developmental objectives, and to bring in the viewpoints of other disciplines to gain a more complex understanding of the SFD/SDP field.
Status of Solid Waste Management in Kaduna and Bauchi of Nigeria
Authors: Batagarawa Rabia Lawal , Saleh Dalhatu , Ahmed Saminu , Sani John Engbonye , Muazu Abbas Ibrahim
Published: September 2024

Reliable database is a requirement to support policies and decision-making for efficient solid waste management. The aim of this study is to establish the status of solid waste management by assessing solid waste generation and composition, characterization, collection methods and the effectiveness of existing practices and strategies in Kaduna and Bauchi State. A structured questionnaire was employed to gather data on waste management practices and awareness, willingness to sort at source and to pay for proper waste management. Solid waste generation, composition and characterization including bulk density, moisture content, were established by site and laboratory analysis. 100 houses per city were surveyed in Bauchi and Kaduna with the population of 669 and 675 respectively. 0.25kg/capita and 0.35 kg/capita were recorded in Bauchi and Kaduna respectively. The waste is predominantly food waste for both Bauchi (47.1%) and Kaduna (53.5%) and recyclable fractions of 29.4% and 26% respectively. Bulk density was established at 412.3 kg/m3 and 407.8 kg/m3 for Kaduna and Bauchi with moisture content at 40% and 60%. Calorific values and volatile solids obtained were 10.3MJ/kg and 46% for Kaduna and 18MJ/kg and 50% for Bauchi. 2% of the households in Kaduna partially sort waste and 13% and 27% of the households in Bauchi and Kaduna reuse the plastic bottles. Meanwhile, 35% and 41% of the residents showed willingness to separate waste at source in Bauchi and Kaduna respectively. Although treatment at household level was nonexistent, 60% of the residents indicated a willingness to treat with adequate technical knowledge. The predominant disposal methods of open dumping and burning pose environmental and health risks, emphasizing the urgent need for improved waste management infrastructure and awareness campaigns. Despite these challenges, the community's willingness to engage in proper waste management practices underscores the potential for positive change through education and implementation of effective waste management.
Advancing Health Equity through Trauma-informed Implementation Science
Authors: McLoughlin Gabriella M. , Schroeder Krista
Published: September 2024

Background: The field of implementation science has advanced in recent years due to efforts from health equity experts who have worked to integrate issues of equity and social justice. Despite notable innovation, one area where guidance is lacking relates to the implementation process and how researchers can meaningfully engage providers/participants and participants in this work. Given that socially and economically marginalized populations are also likely to be affected by trauma, integrating guidance from the Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) field can enhance implementation with the overarching goal to improve equitable outcomes in health. Accordingly, the purpose of this commentary is to suggest ways that implementation science and TIC can be integrated to mitigate disparities and improve the science of implementation. Main text: We introduce the term Trauma-Informed Implementation Science (TIIS) with the goal of seeking alignment between these fields and acknowledging the wealth of guidance developed in TIC that can be incorporated into the process of implementation, especially when working with trauma-affected communities. To begin this narrative shift and build on our collective experiences as researchers and practitioners working in populations who have high prevalence of trauma, we propose extensions to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) implementation process domain that reflect the six central tenets of Trauma-Informed Care: 1) safety, 2) trustworthiness and transparency, 3) peer support, 4) collaboration and mutuality, 5) empowerment, voice, and choice, 6) cultural, historical, and gender issues. Specifically, we have aligned each of the implementation process constructs with one or more of the six tenets of TIC, provided recommendations for implementers/providers of case, and listed critical questions and considerations for researchers as they begin to apply tenets of TIC into their implementation work. Conclusions: We envision this commentary as the launching point for TIIS, with the goal that scholars with expertise in implementation science and TIC can deepen the integration of these two fields. Engagement with groups who have lived experience related to health inequities and trauma will be an important component of that process. With further development, TIIS holds promise to help reduce health disparities, especially among individuals and populations affected by trauma.
Assessing Stressor Exposure and Adjustment Disorder in a Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Robinson Martin , Levin Yafit , Bachem Rahel , Badran Nadia , Papageorgiou Kostas A. , Fino Emanuele
Published: September 2024

BackgroundEvidence suggests that men who have sex with men experience heightened risk for stressor-related mental health issues. This may be exacerbated among those who engage in chemsex; recreational substance use during sex. Valid assessment of adjustment difficulties, and risk factors associated with these, is needed to better understand these wellbeing risks.MethodsThe present study aimed to validate a novel screening tool for Adjustment Disorder (AjD) in this population using Confirmatory Factor Analysis; The structure of the International Adjustment Disorder Questionnaire (IADQ) was assessed in a sample of men who have sex with men (n = 376). Association between screening diagnostic status, stressor exposure, and chemsex participation was assessed using between-groups analysis.ResultsFactor analyses suggested a unidimensional model representing a single AjD latent factor best fit these data. Symptomology was commonly reported in this sample, and diagnostic screening suggested that 36.44% met inclusion criteria for AjD. Small effect sizes were found in association between AjD screening status, Chemsex participation, and a range of stressors (Financial, Work, Housing, Personal Health, and Relationship problems). A medium effect size was found in association between multiple stressor experience and AjD diagnostic screening status.ConclusionsFindings support use of the IADQ as a brief measure of AjD among men who have sex with men. Various stressful life experiences and chemsex participation may constitute risk factors for AjD. The experience of multiple stressor types may be a particular risk factor for AjD in this group. Screening for stressful life experiences, chemsex practice, and AjD may identify those at risk for adverse health and wellbeing outcomes in this group.
Unidirectional and Bidirectional Machine Learning Models for Ransomware Detection via Malicious Opcode Discovery
Authors: Labone William , Brown Nicholas , Bellini Stephen , Williams Catherine , Flores Timothy , Johansson Patrick
Published: September 2024

Ransomware continues to pose a significant threat to both individuals and organisations due to its rapid evolution and increasing sophistication in evading traditional detection methods. A novel approach, leveraging both unidirectional and bidirectional machine learning models, was implemented to improve the detection of ransomware through static opcode analysis. While unidirectional models, such as Random Forest and Support Vector Machines, exhibited reasonable classification accuracy, they were ultimately limited in their capacity to capture the complex contextual relationships within opcode sequences that modern ransomware often exploits. The introduction of a bidirectional model, based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture, allowed for a more complex analysis of opcode dependencies in both forward and backward directions. Experimental results showed a significant improvement in detection accuracy and recall, particularly when addressing sophisticated ransomware variants that employ opcode reordering or obfuscation techniques. The study demonstrates the critical importance of bidirectional architectures in enhancing the robustness of ransomware detection systems, offering a more comprehensive solution to identifying malicious opcode patterns that evade simpler detection approaches.
Open dataset on wastewater quality monitoring with adsorption and reflectance spectrophotometry in the UV-vis range
Authors: Lechevallier Pierre , Gruber Günter , Bareš Vojtěch , Neuenhofer Nicolas , Waldner Laura , Mahajan Abhinit , Mutzner Lena , Rieckermann Jörg
Published: September 2024

A major challenge in wastewater and sewer system monitoring is the development of advanced sensing technologies to improve standard pollutant measurement and allow real-time online detection of emerging contaminants. To evaluate the performance a novel hyperspectral imaging system compared to state-of-the-art ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) sensors, this study presents a dataset from a comprehensive 25-week measurement campaign, openly available here: https://doi.org/10.25678/000D3C (Lechevallier et al., 2024a). The dataset consists of 5801 hyperspectral images of raw wastewater taken at a 30-minute resolution, as well as measurements of temperature, ammonium, flow, turbidity, pH, and UV-vis absorbance spectra taken at a 2-minute resolution. In addition, we collected 533 grab samples and analyzed them in the laboratory for conventional pollutants, including ammonium, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, and phosphates. Notably, we gathered 86 of these samples after four rain events and subsequently analyzed them for twenty organic chemicals, which provided valuable insights into the impact of wet weather on pollutant levels. This paper provides detailed information on the data collection and processing methodologies, along with visualizations and analysis of the processed data. Finally, we highlighted potential applications of the data, emphasizing their relevance for future research, especially data-driven modeling. In particular, we discussed four promising uses of the dataset: measuring turbidity with hyperspectral imagers, measuring ammonium with spectrophotometers, improving sensor calibration models, and developing efficient, low-cost sensors for urban drainage monitoring. Despite difficulties in the maintenance of some sensors, in particular the ion selective electrode for ammonium measurement, the dataset's high temporal resolution, the long-time span of 25 weeks, and the extensive range of analyzed pollutants, make it a valuable resource for advancing the field of urban water management.
He Waka Eke Noa: Navigating AI Futures with Aboriginal and Māori Knowledge
Authors: Kereopa-Yorke Benjamin
Published: September 2024

As nascent artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like large language models (LLMs) begin shaping our societal structures and decision-making processes, their governance remains rooted in Western paradigms that often marginalise Indigenous perspectives and rights. This paper examines the critical role of Indigenous sovereignty, knowledge systems, and relational ethics in transforming AI governance in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. Through an interdisciplinary literature review and comparative analysis of three pioneering Indigenous-led AI initiatives, we argue that decolonising AI demands a fundamental rethinking of the values, assumptions, and power relations underpinning dominant AI systems.Our study employs a qualitative, multi-method approach, including in-depth case studies of the Indigenous Protocol and AI Working Group, Te Mana Raraunga, and Te Hiku Media. Drawing on these cases, we propose a framework for Indigenous AI governance grounded in principles of sovereignty, reciprocity, and collective benefit.
Soft information in portfolio management
Authors: Chen Honghui , Qu Yuanyu , Shen Tao , Wang Qinghai
Published: September 2024

Using detailed information on mutual fund manager company visits in China, we identify fund managers who engage in soft information acquisition to study how soft information is used in portfolio management. We find a clear divergence in fund managers’ preference for soft information. “Soft-information” managers hold fewer stocks and tend to invest in companies with high growth potential and significant idiosyncratic risk. Trades driven by soft-information acquisition are profitable, resulting in superior performance by these managers, especially in their holdings of stocks rich with soft information. Fund managers’ distinct preferences for soft vs. hard information create segmentation in both information acquisition and investments.
The Opportunity of Latin American Critical Development Thinking
Authors: Carballo Ana Estefanía
Published: September 2024

The calls for Buen Vivir that have emerged from the Andean region have prompted a revival of interest in Latin American contributions to development thinking. Policy and academic initiatives have multiplied in the last few years (See post on Buen Vivir), in a reinvigorated interest in alternative notions of development, as well as in the struggles of social movements from across the region and their impacts on national and regional politics. The policy initiatives from different governments in the region that appear to have tilted the political paths to the left, have attracted international headlines and a shifted attention to discussions of development that to inexperienced eyes may appear as a novelty. This renewed interest in Latin American development thinking is most welcome in a discussion that has largely prioritised a Western/Eurocentric lens in its focus. However, this new opportunity to engage with Latin American thinking should not be dissociated from the wealth of experiences, academic and otherwise, that this region has seen in the field of critical development.
Nature & Buen Vivir in Ecuador: The battle between conservation and extraction
Authors: Guardiola Jorge , García-Quero Fernando
Published: September 2024

Subjective wellbeing, economic policies, environmental protection, community, food sovereignty, Buen Vivir This post discusses a recent article published in Ecological Economics that provides a quantitative approach to assessing whether the subjective wellbeing (SWB) of Ecuadorian people is dependent on income and employment or on more distinctive features relating to Buen Vivir ethos. The latter are reflected in the indigenous Buen Vivir ideology, based mainly on relations with the community, the environment and food sovereignty. The empirical analysis shows that both Buen Vivir features and factors such as income and unemployment status are significant in the models explaining SWB. Accordingly, economic policies should take into account the Buen Vivir ethos, that seems to be important for the SWB of the Ecuadorian people. This supports the conservationist political position, which focuses on protecting the environment and people's traditional livelihoods, rather than the extractive view, which regards people's welfare as merely dependent on income.
Analyzing the Spill-over Matrix of Extractivism: From Para-legality, Separation and Violence to Integral Health in the Ecuadorian Íntag
Authors: Waldmüller Johannes
Published: September 2024

On 3rd March 2015, Eduardo Gudynas held a talk at FLACSO, Ecuador, titled “Los efectos derrame de los extractivismos: energía, consumo, territorio y resistencias” (“Spill-over effects of extractivisms: energy, consumption, territory and resistances”) at a one-day conference on energy matrices in Latin America and possible shifts. In his presentation, which I was kindly granted access to report and comment on, he deduced in detail the effects on several sectors of societies of persistent, and partly reinforced, heavy dependence on natural resources, as in countries such as Ecuador, Bolivia, Mexico and, of course, Venezuela (whose oil exports account for 96% of its export earnings, thus virtually exporting nothing else). It should be stressed that these mechanisms reside not only in the foundations of climate change, but also inherently in global capitalism and warfare – altering them would be equal to improving the current state of the planet.
Seeds of Maya Development: The “Fiestas y Ferias de Semillas” Movement in Yucatan
Authors: Llanes-Ortiz Genner
Published: September 2024

This article describes the fiestas y ferias de semillas movement that take place in the Yucatan region, in Mexico, and offers an interpretation that stresses its importance not just as a site of Indigenous resistance, but as a strategic opportunity for the construction of alternatives to development. Celebrated in different sub-regions of this culturally distinctive area, these events bring together Maya-speaking peasants, anti-GMO activists, and organic produce aficionados from the federal states of Campeche, Quintana Roo and Yucatan. Here, Maya understandings of welfare and prosperity are historically and politically reconfigured within a Pan-Yucatec Maya cultural perspective, at the same time leaning on and leading to what I call Cosmayapolitan ways of locating communities and social actors in the global situation.
Introduction to the Special Issue on “Water and (neo)Extractivism in Latin America”	Editorial
Authors: Dupuits Emilie , Mancilla Garcia Maria
Published: September 2024

We are happy to share with our readers a series of seven articles, to be published between mid-October and mid-December, from diverse disciplinary perspectives – including anthropology, archaeology, political science, development studies and critical sociology and geography – showing the diversity of existing approaches to study water (neo)extractivism. Moreover, the special issue covers a large geographic area, with two cases from Central America – Honduras and Guatemala – and five cases from South American countries – Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia.
Security and Safety in the Glyphosate Debate: A Chemical Cocktail for Discussion
Authors: Silva Garzon Diego
Published: September 2024

The WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) released on the 20th of March 2015 in Lyon (France) a controversial report stating that glyphosate, the world’s most widely used herbicide, is probably carcinogenic for humans. The use of the word “probably” is meant to clarify that although there is a positive correlation between exposure to the chemical agent and cancer, other explanations (such as chance, bias, or confounding) could not be fully ruled out (International Agency for Research on Cancer 2015). While the debate triggered by this report has revolved around the agricultural uses of glyphosate at the international level, in Colombia the debate has been associated with the use of glyphosate to eliminate one of the main financial sources of insurgent groups: cocaine crops. Moreover, while the use of glyphosate in Colombia was banned for the eradication of illegal crops shortly after the release of the WHO report, its use remains unproblematic as a strategy of crop management for legal agricultural crops. How can these different responses to the evidence presented in the WHO report on glyphosate be explained?
The case of MINKA movement in Bolivia and its aim to re-politicize indigenous peoples
Authors: Gorondy Novak Melisa
Published: September 2024

Since the dawn of the 21st century, indigenous identities and knowledge stand at the center of a scenario where new levers for social change are desperately sought for. In that scenario, indigenous knowledge and practices are taking on an increasingly important role in economic and social progress (Briggs ‎2005; Cleaver 1999). However, several authors argue that indigenous experiences and understandings have been idealized, leading to a process of de-politicization (Briggs ‎2005; Cleaver 1999; Zimmerer 2014). Their criticism is not based on the effectiveness of indigenous knowledge, but on its instrumentalization in order to support actions demanding social change (Cleaver 1999). These arguments made by Briggs, Cleaver and Zimmerer inevitably raise questions about the ways in which politics (and academia) produce knowledge about indigenous people and practices that reproduce de-contextualized representations.
Lives Uprooted: Urban Inequality and Olympic Evictions in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ytsanes Margit
Published: September 2024

As Rio de Janeiro prepared to host the 2016 Olympics, over 22 000 families were evicted from their homes. What is the significance of a home? As we know, a home holds social, cultural and psychological meanings far beyond its functions as a shelter. The architecture of houses are adapted to and reflect local ways of socialising, and may also be constructed in accordance with cultural symbolism (Bourdieu 2003; Robben 1989; Ystanes 2011). This article argues that while often applied as part of ‘urban renewal’ processes in different locations, forced evictions are highly problematic. The discussion is based on ethnographic fieldwork in Vila Autódromo and among former residents, during and after the eviction process. It is inspired by the concept of ‘root shock’ coined by the psychiatrist Mindy Fullilove (2004). This concept takes the loss of home and its surrounding environment as a traumatic event with enduring impacts for individuals as well as for communities.