bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drought Index for Peatland Wildfire Management in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia During El Niño Phenomenon
Authors: Novitasari Novitasari , Sujono Joko , Harto Sri , Maas Azwar , Jayadi Rachmad ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Grafika No 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia,   Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: September 2019

Peatland wildfires, especially in tropical ecosystems, are often caused by drought, and lead to smoke and other related problems in all aspects of community life in Indonesia, especially in Central Kalimantan. Drought is worsened by the number of dry days in the dry season, known as the El Niño phenomenon, and the drainage system in a peatland. Additionally, drought decreases the water table and increases the probability of occurrence of wildfires in peatland areas. This study aims to modify the numerical formula of the drought factor (DFt) in the Keetch–Byram drought index (KBDI) based on tropical peatland wildfire conditions in Central Kalimantan during the El Niño phenomenon in 2015. Furthermore, it applies a revised peatland water table reference of 400 mm below the ground surface, based on previous research and the Government regulation on peatland ecosystem protection and management in Indonesia. These El Niño conditions caused a rain decline of approximately 35% in Block A, Ex-Mega Rice Project, Mantangai sub-District, Kapuas District, Central Kalimantan Province. The modified KBDI is compared with the Number of Fire Alerts (NFA) using NASA’s Active Fire Data in 2015. The analysis results demonstrate that the modified DFt under tropical peatland conditions leads to an increase in the drought index value, beginning on the driest days between July and November 2015. The value of the KBDI drought index increases from the high to the extreme index from September to November 2015, when as many as 61 extreme drought indices became indicators for peatland wildfire risk assessment. The extreme KBDI is directly proportional to the NFA recorded during 2015, and the highest number of fire alerts is observed for October 2015, with 1746 fire alerts within 31 days and extreme drought indices from 27 days. Hence, this modified formula is suitable for wildfire conditions on this peatland in Central Kalimantan. Overall, the modified DFt can be successfully applied to the El Niño phenomenon in 2015.
Influences of shaker armature dynamics on periodic force measurement
Authors: Hassan Saher R. , Schlegel Christian , Kumme Rolf
Published: September 2019

In this article, we investigate the influence of the shaker armature’s mechanical structure on periodic force measurement, with particular emphasis on measurement uncertainty. In order to perform modal and harmonic analyses of the measurement setup, a finite element model was iteratively developed. The model was validated by measurements with a scanning vibrometer. The results show that the dynamic behaviour of the shaker armature should be taken into consideration before carrying out a periodic force measurement.
Parasitic loads in torque standard machines: a characterization, comparison, and evaluation
Authors: Baumgarten Sebastian , Röske Dirk , Ala Hiiro Jussi , Vavrecka Lukas , Kock Stefan , Gnauert Jonas
Published: September 2019

In torque standard machines, different kinds of bearings are used to reduce the influence of parasitic loads under the assumption that such loads are low. In accordance with EURAMET cg-14, the signal of a torque transducer is averaged over three mounting positions. For this reason, the influence of parasitic loads on the transducer signal should be negligible. To test this assumption, two multi-component torque transducers are characterised in this study based on experimental, analytical, and numerical results. In this article, the parasitic loads of the torque standard machines at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT Oy (VTT), and Cesky Metrologicky Institut (CMI) were characterised and compared. The results are presented together with a proposal for an evaluation.
EURAMET cg-18 – state-of-the-art calibration guideline for non-automatic weighing instruments
Authors: Fritsch Klaus
Published: September 2019

 

This paper presents a state-of-the-art strategy for calibrating non-automatic weighing instruments (NAWIs), based on the international calibration guideline EURAMET cg-18. While existing national and legacy guidelines have only dealt with measurement uncertainty at the time of calibration, EURAMET cg-18 also provides advice for the so-called uncertainty of a weighing result, which describes the device performance during day-to-day usage. Furthermore, as a consequence of the uncertainty of a weighing result, the concept of minimum weight is introduced. The minimum weight is the smallest amount of mass that must be weighed on the device while still adhering to a predefined relative weighing tolerance requirement. The concept of minimum weight is the most important practical and quality relevant implication of NAWI calibration, as it is the prerequisite to achieve the necessary accuracy commensurate with the quality requirements of the weighing process.
Calibration values uninfluenced by the kind of pressure medium and the setting posture for quartz Bourdon-type pressure transducers
Authors: Iizumi Hideaki , Kajikawa Hiroaki , Kobata Tokihiko
Published: September 2019

The effects of the kind of gas medium and the setting posture on the calibration values of a quartz Bourdon-type pressure transducer mounted vertically are evaluated in this study. The transducer, at the upward and downward settings, was calibrated both with nitrogen and with helium. The difference between the calibration values of the transducer with nitrogen at the upward and downward settings was about 7.0 kPa at 100 MPa. At the same setting posture, the maximum difference in the calibration values between nitrogen and helium was 3.4 kPa. For precise pressure measurement, it is recommended that the transducers are used with the same pressure medium and the same setting posture with which they were calibrated. The methods of reducing the effects of both the kind of gas medium and the setting posture are discussed. The average of two calibration values at the upward setting and at the downward setting was not affected by the kind of gas medium. When the sensing elements of two pressure transducers arranged in point symmetry with each other, the average values of two transducers were independent of both the kind of gas medium and the setting posture.
Performance evaluation of underwater image pre-processing algorithms for the improvement of multi-view 3D reconstruction
Authors: Gallo Alessandro , Bruno Fabio , Barbieri Loris , Lagudi Antonio , Muzzupappa Maurizio
Published: September 2019

3D models of submerged structures and underwater archaeological finds are widely used in various and different applications, such as monitoring, analysis, dissemination, and inspection. Underwater environments are characterised by poor visibility conditions and the presence of marine flora and fauna. Consequently, the adoption of passive optical techniques for the 3D reconstruction of underwater scenarios is a highly challenging task.
This article presents a performance analysis conducted on a multi-view technique that is commonly used in air in order to highlight its limits in the underwater environment and then provide guidelines for the accurate modelling of a submerged site in poor visibility conditions. A performance analysis has been performed by comparing different image enhancement algorithms, and the results have been adopted to reconstruct an area of 40 m2 at a depth of about 5 m at the underwater archaeological site of Baiae (Italy).
Interpretivisme: Sebuah Perspekstif yang Digunakan dalam Pengembangan Ilmu Akuntansi
Authors: Jurana Jurana
Published: September 2019

Interpretivism: a perspective that is used in the development of accounting This research aims to prove that the interpretive is a perspective can be used in the development of science accounting. This research is librarian study which collect data by using written materials. The interpretive paradigm is one of the paradigms used to search for the truth of science or developing science through the meaning of reality that is around humans. On the basis of the results of that meaning, people can gain knowledge on the existing realities and develop knowledge based on that reality. Therefore, to seek the truth of science, especially the science of accounting or develop science can be examined using interpreatif paradigm.
Peranan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi dan Tantangan Profesi Akuntan di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 (Sebuah Studi Fenomenologi)
Authors: Cahyadi Iwan Fahri
Published: September 2019

In the last few years appeared a variety of breakthrough technology that generates new values in human life through a form of artificial intelligence, data, internet of things (IoT). Business circles call the third it as the core of the industrial revolution 4.0. These conditions have an impact on the role of the human being, particularly the challenges of the profession of accountants who will be replaced by the role of the robot.  The purpose of this research is to provide a solution so that the role of the accountants still exist in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. As for qualitative research methods via the fenomenalogi approach i.e. we allow qualitative researchers implement and apply subjective abilities and exploratory process in interpersonalnya.  Results of the study so that the accountant still exist in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 then the accountant to start learning programming and algorithms to be able to adapt to change, if you don't use the technology, then the role of the accountant will be replaced by robots.
Pengaruh Corporate Governance Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dan Manajemen Laba Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Wulanda Monika , Aziza Nurna
Published: September 2019

This study was aimed to examine the influence of corporate governance on firm value, corporate governance on earnings management, earnings management on firm value, and whether earnings management as a mediating variable between corporate governance and firm value. Corporate governance consisted of institutional ownership, managerial ownership, the board of commissioner frequency meeting, and audit committee frequency meeting. The populations of this study were all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the years 2015-2017. The data used in this study were the secondary data and followed by the use of purposive sampling method. There were 33 samples with 99 observations which fulfilled the criteria to be the research sample. Data analysis was done by the partial least square approach with SmartPLS software. This study showed that institutional ownership and managerial ownership had a negative influence on earnings management. Board of commissioner frequency meeting and audit committee frequency meeting had no influence on earnings management. Institutional ownership, managerial ownership, the board of commissioner frequency meeting, and audit committee frequency meeting had a positive influence on firm value. Earning management had no influence on firm value and also found that earnings management was not a mediating variable between corporate governance and firm value.
Evaluation of an online, real-time, soft-photon ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometer for mainstream tobacco smoke analysis
Authors: Hawke Jenni , Errington Graham , von Frowein Matthias Bente
Published: September 2019

Mainstream tobacco smoke is a complex and dynamic aerosol, consisting of particulate and vapour phases. Most approaches to determine mainstream smoke toxicant yields are based on offline techniques that limit the opportunity to observe in real time the processes leading to smoke formation. The recent development of online real-time analytical methods offers many advantages over traditional techniques. Here we report the LM2X-TOFMS (Borgwaldt GmbH, Germany), a commercial instrument that couples a linear smoking engine with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer for real-time per-puff measurement of the vapour phase of mainstream cigarette smoke. Total cigarette and puff-by-puff (μg/puff) yields were evaluated, in line with International Council of Harmonisation recommendations, for seven smoke toxicants: acetaldehyde, acetone, 1,3-butadiene, 2-butanone, benzene, isoprene and toluene. Measurements were unaffected by small system changes including replacing the sampling capillary or time of day (all P>0.05), indicating that the LM2X-TOFMS is rugged. Control charts showed that the system has good stability and control. Analysis of certified gas mixtures of six concentrations of each analyte showed a highly linear response for all seven analytes (R2=0.9922–0.9999). In terms of repeatability, the lowest variation was observed for isoprene with a coefficient of variation (CV) of <6% for each concentration. Acetaldehyde showed the highest CV, increasing from 8.0% to 26.6% with decreasing gas concentration. Accuracy was analysed in terms of relative error, which was ±16% for six of the analytes; however, the relative error for acetaldehyde was (–36.2%), probably due to its low ionisation efficiency under the instrument’s vacuum ultraviolet lamp. Three cigarette products (reference and commercial) with different ISO tar levels were analysed by the LM2X-TOFMS puff by puff under ISO regulatory smoking conditions. The relative standard deviation based on average yield per cigarette for each analyte in each product (summed puffs per product, n=30) ranged from ≤9.3% to ≤16.2%. Measurements were consistent with published data per cigarette. In conclusion, the LM2X-TOFMS is suitable for determining the vapour-phase yields of seven analytes on a real-time, puff-by-puff basis, and can be utilised for both fast screening (qualitative) and quantitative measurements of mainstream cigarette smoke.
Direct-acting antiviral agents in the treatment of chronic Hepatitis C – Real-life experience from clinical practices in Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaq Saima , Mansoor Atika , Siddiqi Saima , Khan Amjad , Manzoor Sobia
Published: September 2019

Background: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness in terms of sustained virological response (SVR), predictors of SVR and safety of available second generation generic direct-acting antivirals in Pakistani chronic Hepatitis C patients.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in multiple centers of Pakistan from January 2015 to January 2019. The samples include patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus, regardless of virus genotype, cirrhosis, or prior treatment. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the effectiveness among the direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) based treatments and also to reveal the factors influencing the achievement of SVR.Results: A total of 993 patients were included in the present study, with the majority receiving sofosbuvir with daclatasvir (95%), sofosbuvir with daclatasvir and ribavirin (4%) and sofosbuvir with ribavirin (1%). There were 96% cases of chronic hepatitis, 3% cases compensated cirrhosis and 1% cases of decompensated cirrhosis. Genotype 3 (99.6%) was the most common genotype. Overall SVR after 12 weeks was 98% for all treatment regimens. High SVR12 was observed with sofosbuvir in combination with daclatasvir (98.5%), then sofosbuvir in combination with daclatasvir and ribavirin (90.2%) and sofosbuvir in combination with ribavirin (75%). SVR rates were high in CHC patients (98.2%) as compared to cirrhotic patients (92.1%) and it was high in treatment naive (98.8%) then IFN experienced patients (90.1%). In multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, patients’ education status, treatment strategy, viral load and ALT had statistically significant association with SVR at 12 weeks. No major adverse events occurred which required treatment discontinuation. Conclusion: Generic oral DAAs (sofosbuvir with daclatasvir) achieved higher SVR12 rates and were well tolerated in this large real‐world cohort of genotype 3 infected patients.
Genome description and inventory of immune-related genes of the endangered pen shell Pinna nobilis: a giant bivalve experiencing a mass mortality event
Authors: Bunet Robert , Prévot Jean-Marc , Vicente Nardo , García-March José Rafa , Martinović Rajko , Tena-Medialdea José , Joksimovic Danijela , Bonnefont Jean-Luc , Coupé Stéphane
Published: September 2019

Background: The noble pen shell Pinna nobilis is a Mediterranean endemic and emblematic giant bivalve. Already registered as an endangered species in the late 20th century, it is facing a dramatic and rapidly expanding epizooty that decimates its populations since mid-2016. The ecological value of P. nobilis has urged important investigations for conservation purposes. In light of this, we report here the first draft genome of this animal. Results: The whole-genome sequencing has been performed on an Illumina HiSeq X platform using a single paired-end library of short fragments (2x150 bp). The de novo contig assembly accounted for a total size of 584 Mb (96,738 contigs, N50 = 7.6 kb, with 0.4% of “N” nucleotides), representing 77.5% of the predicted genome size of 754 Mb. The pen shell genome is very AT-rich, with a GC-content of 35.6 %. Heterozygosity was found to be in the range of other sequenced bivalves (1%). Over one third (36.2 %) of the genome consisted of repeated elements with a surprising larger number of SINEs elements compared to other molluscan genomes. We were also able to reconstruct the full mitochondrial genome (~19 kb, with 12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA genes). In relation with the outbreak that affects P. nobilis, we paid a special attention on the innate immune and stress-related genes found in the sequence. We revealed that P. nobilis disposes of a complete chemical defensome, and a relatively sophisticated innate immune system. Conclusion: In addition to offering a valuable resource for further research in comparative biology and evolution, access to the draft genome sequence is central to deepen our understanding of the vulnerability of P. nobilis to new diseases, which are likely to occur more often in the current scenario of a rapidly changing environment.
A novel 20-gene prognostic score in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Canli Secil Demirkol , Dedeoglu Ege , Akbar Muhammad Waqas , Kucukkaraduman Baris , Isbilen Murat , Erdogan Ozge Sukruoglu , Erciyas Seda Kilic , Yazici Hulya , Vural Burcak , Gure Ali Osmay
Published: September 2019

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal cancers. Known risk factors for this disease are currently insufficient in predicting mortality. The only FDA approved prognostic biomarker for PDAC patients is CA19-9. This, along with AJCC TNM staging and performance status, are considered important prognostic indicators in clinical practice. In order to better prognosticate patients with PDAC, we identified a novel panel of genes by utilizing publically available microarray and RNAseq data of PDAC tumors from GEO and TCGA. Expression of 20 genes were significantly associated with overall survival in four datasets and event-free survival in TCGA. A score generated based on the expression matrix of these genes could be validated in two independent cohorts. We find that this “Pancreatic cancer prognostic score 20 – PPS20” is dramatically elevated in metastatic tissue compared to primary tumor, and is higher in primary tumors compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Transcriptomic analyses show that tumors with low PPS20 have overall more immune cell infiltration and a higher CD8 T cell/Treg ratio when compared to those with high PPS20. Analyses of proteomic data from TCGA PAAD indicated higher levels of Cyclin B1, RAD51, EGFR and a lower E-cadherin/Fibronectin ratio in tumors with high PPS20. The PPS20 score defines not only prognostic and biological sub-groups but can predict response to targeted therapy options as well. Overall, PPS20 is a stronger and more robust transcriptomic signature when compared to similar, previously published gene lists.
A Pilot Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics Seen With Primary Soft Tissue Giant Cell Tumor in 2 patients
Authors: Zhang Lina , Kang Jianyun , Zhang Kai , Liu Ailian , Wang Huali , Liu Tieli
Published: September 2019

Background Primary soft tissue giant cell tumor (GCT-ST) is a rare tumor with low malignant potential. Here we reported two cases of patients with soft tissue giant cell tumor in the limb, including their clinical and imaging findings (conventional Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)).Methods This retrospective study included two pathology-confirmed GCT-ST patients. Plain MRI, dynamic contrast enhancement MRI (DCE-MRI), and DWI were performed with a 3.0T whole-body MR scanner before surgery. The following characteristics of lesion were recorded: signal intensity on T 1 FSPGR and T 2 WI, morphology, maximum lesion size, time intensity curve (TIC) on DCE-MRI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value from DWI.Results The maximum lesion size ranged from 4.0 cm to 6.0 cm. Signal intensities of all lesions were heterogeneous on T 1 FSPGR and T 2 WI. Nodular enhancements were observed for all lesions with either oval or irregular shapes on MRI. All lesion margins were blurred, and internal enhancements were heterogeneous on DCE-MRI. TIC appeared with a slow increase type. Lesions on DWI (b=500s/mm 2 ) were hyperintense with an higher mean ADC value of 2.19×10 −3 mm 2 /s compared to surrounding normal soft tissue (1.03×10 −3 mm 2 /s).Conclusions DWI may be a useful tool for differentiating benign soft tissue mass from giant cell-rich soft tissue neoplasms or malignant tumors.
Long-term survival trends in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy: a SEER cancer registry analysis
Authors: Hansen Ryan N , Zhang Yiduo , Seal Brian , Ryan Kellie , Yong Candice , Darilay Annie , Ramsey Scott D
Published: September 2019

Background: To evaluate the value of new therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it is necessary to understand overall survival (OS) rates associated with previous standard therapies and how these rates have evolved over time.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients enrolled in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. Adults with unresectable, stage III NSCLC treated with chemoradiotherapy were grouped by diagnosis year (2000–2002; 2003–2005; 2006–2008; 2009–2011; 2012–2013). The primary endpoint was OS (data cut-off, December 31, 2014), estimated using the Kaplan–Meier estimator. Temporal survival-trend significance was tested using a two-sided log-rank trend test.

Results: Of 12,865 eligible patients, 59.1% were male, 59.9% had stage IIIB disease, and 62.7% had non-squamous histology. Median age at diagnosis was 67 years. Overall, 10,899 (84.7%) patients died and 1,966 (15.3%) were censored/lost to follow-up. Median follow-up (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 80 (77–82) months; median OS (95% CI) was 15 (15–16) months; 1- and 3-year survival probabilities (95% CI) were 57.7% (56.9–58.6) and 24.1% (23.3–24.8), respectively. Stratification by diagnosis year showed consistent improvements in survival over time ( p < 0.0001 for trend). Median OS was 12, 14, 15, 18, and 19 months in successive cohorts.

Conclusions: OS in patients diagnosed with unresectable, stage III NSCLC between 2003 and 2013 was consistent with that from clinical studies of sequential/concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Despite improvement over time, median OS was <2 years and mortality remained high during the first year post-diagnosis.
Overexpression of Cyclooxygenase-2 predicts poor survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A meta-analysis.
Authors: Sim Edmund Ui Hang , Sim Chor-Chien , Chong Yee-Ling
Published: September 2019

Background The prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase-2 ( Cox-2 ) expression has been implicated in various cancers such as carcinomas of the breast, head and neck squamous cell, oral squamous cell, and nasopharyngeal. Despite meta-analysis studies of Cox-2 expression in Head and Neck cancer, similar investigation that focus on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unexplored. Thus far, expression studies of Cox-2 in NPC have not yield conclusive findings due to conflicting results. This study, therefore, is the first to evaluate Cox-2 expression with the survival outcome and treatment response of NPC patients via a systematic meta-analysis approach.Methods Meta-analysis was done in compliance with the standard protocol of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Checklist. Potential studies were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus. Fundamental and primary clinical characteristics of patients and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS) data were then collected and tabulated. Analysis of relationship between Cox-2 expression and survival outcome in NPC patients were explained with the aid of forest plot charts. Odd ratio (OR) evaluation to determine the relationship between Cox-2 expression and treatment response was via MedCalc (version 18.11) software, with results displayed in forest plots.Results Seven eligible studies containing 495 NPC patients were finally used in the meta-analysis. The pooled HRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for OS is 2.53 [2.13, 3.27], indicating that overexpression of Cox-2 corresponds to poor survival. In the case of treatment response, the pooled OR is 0.98 [0.27-3.49], revealing that the expression pattern of Cox-2 did not relate to the outcome of treatment.Conclusions Overexpression of Cox-2 predicts worse survival outcome for NPC patients, but not treatment response. Hence, the prognostic value of Cox-2 in NPC is only relevant when survival probability of patients is considered.
R248Q mutation of p53 alters molecular trafficking and targeted drug responses in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Tsai Kai-Yun , Lai Zih-Yin , Chang Shing-Jyh , Chuang Yung-Jen
Published: September 2019

Background p53 mutations are detected in up to 96% of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). Moreover, mutant p53 may cause oncogenic gain-of-function phenotypes in sustained activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. In this study, we investigated whether p53 mutation could affect EGFR-related signaling and the corresponding therapeutic strategies in HGSOC.Methods For this study, we selected the p53 R248Q mutant (p53 R248Q ), which has the highest mutation frequency in ovarian cancer. Since we have previously demonstrated that the combined inhibition of EGFR and MDM2-p53 pathways by gefitinib and JNJ-26854165 exerts a strong synergistic lethal effect on p53-mutated HGSOC cells, the gefitinib and JNJ-26854165 responses in different p53 status cells were evaluated by cell viability and target protein expression assays.Results We showed that the phosphorylation of AKT, a critical molecule of EGFR downstream signaling, increased significantly when p53 R248Q was transiently overexpressed. Immunocytochemistry analysis further showed that upon p53 R248Q overexpression, several AKT-dependent mediators translocate in unique patterns within the cell. Subsequent analysis revealed that under the combined inhibition of gefitinib and JNJ-26854165, the cytonuclear trafficking of EGFR and MDM2 is disrupted. Moreover, when we further compared gefitinib and JNJ-26854165 responses in different p53 status cells, we found that the sensitivity to the single- or combined-inhibition treatments is also altered in p53 R248Q -overexpressing cells.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the R248Q mutation of p53 causes significant changes in signaling transduction, molecular trafficking and drug responses, which help to advance our understanding of p53 and to improve therapeutic strategies for HGSOC.
Resilience as a mediator of interpersonal relations and depression amongst 10th to 12th grade students
Authors: Lee Tony Szu-Hsien , Wu Ying-Jhen , Chao En , Chang Chun-Wei , Zhan Wang , Wu Wen-chi
Published: September 2019

Background: This study aims to explore the prevalence of depression and examine if resilience is a mediator between interpersonal relationships and depression in senior high school students. Methods: Of 463 randomly selected participants from 3,900 high school students in a high school, 450 (97.19%) consented and completed the structured questionnaire which consisted of 4 parts: Demographics, Inventory of Adolescent Resilience, Taiwan Relationship Inventory for Children and Adolescents, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children. Results: A total of 94 (20.89%) had depression, out of which 54 (24%) were boys and 40 (17.78%) were girls. Results from the path analysis indicated that resilience and interpersonal relationships were negatively associated with students' depression, and interpersonal relations were partially mediated by resilience to depression after controlling for demographics. Conclusion: Findings support that resilience and better interpersonal relations are protective factors for depression in adolescents. Findings also suggest that better interpersonal relationships can boost resilience to alleviate depression amongst adolescents.
Personality traits of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia: Comparison by gender and severity of psychosis
Authors: Dib Joseph E , Haddad Chadia , Nehme Ilige , Azar Jocelyne , Seddik Ghina Al , Hallit Souheil , Obeid Sahar
Published: September 2019

Objectives Schizophrenia is known as a mental disease affecting how an individual will reply to a certain scenario in a way that differs from a person to another. A specific personality trait can influence the expressions of psychotic symptoms and affect illness courses. Our aim during this study was to spot nonadaptive personality traits in Lebanese Schizophrenic patients and compare them to healthy subjects.Methods We took a pair of teams one schizophrenic individuals (n=250) and the other healthy individuals (n=250). For the data assortment the tools used were: personality inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5-BF) brief type, to assess the maladaptive personality traits; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), to determine the severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic individuals.Results The results were a considerably higher mean in detachment, antagonism and psychoticism personality traits in schizophrenic subjects compared to healthy group. When comparing personality based on the gender a considerably higher mean of negative affect and psychoticism was found in women compared to men, as for the antagonism and detachment it had been considerably higher in men.Conclusion In conclusion, we can say that schizophrenic subjects have a particular personality trait totally different from the overall healthy subjects.
The related factors of pre-diabetes among adolescents in Qingdao, China
Authors: Wu Yue , WEi Lili
Published: September 2019

Background: To analyze the related factors of pre-diabetes among adolescents. Methods: 588 students were selected by convenient sampling method from Qingdao for questionnaires, physical examination and biochemical examination. Multivariate analysis was carried out to analyze the related factors among adolescents. Results: Overweight/obesity, central obesity, family history of diabetes, weekly frequency of moderate to vigorous physical exercise <7days, weekly frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption <7days were statistically difference in the prevalence of prediabetes among boys. Family history of diabetes, weekly screen time≥14h, weekly frequency of fast food consumption ≥7days were significantly difference in the prevalence of diabetes among girls.Conclusions: Our study find that prediabetes among adolescents in Qingdao is becoming a vital health issue. This requires us to avoid obesity and develop a healthy lifestyle
TÜRKİYE'DE KAYIT DIŞI İSTİHDAMA İLİŞKİN ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: KARACA Coşkun , KALELİ Ebubekir
Published: September 2019

Çalışanların
resmi kayıtlara girmeksizin istihdam edilmesi kayıt dışı istihdama neden
olmaktadır. Sosyal güvenceden yoksun olarak çalışan bu kişiler cari ve
gelecekteki riskler karşısında
savunmasız kalmakta, ücretleri üzerinden hesaplanmayan vergi ve sosyal güvenlik
primi, Hazineyi ve Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’nu gelir kaybına uğratmaktadır.
İstihdam piyasasındaki kayıt dışılık işgücünün gerçek boyutunun bilinmesini
engellemekte ve ekonomik büyüklüklerin göreli ağırlığı tespit edilemediğinden
piyasa sorunlarına doğru tanı konulamamaktadır.

Bu çalışma kayıt dışı
istihdamın nedenlerine ve sonuçlarına odaklanmakta, Türkiye’de kayıt dışı
istihdamın çözümüne ilişkin özgün politika önerileri getirmektedir. Türkiye’de
uygulanan mevcut politikaların kayıt dışı istihdamı engellemede yetersiz
kalması uygulamaya ilişkin bazı problemlerin olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma
ile bu problemlerin neler olduğu araştırılmış ve başarılı ülke uygulamalarından
hareket edilerek kayıt dışı istihdam ile etkin biçimde nasıl mücadele edileceği
tartışılmıştır.
Research on vibration suppression mode of sorting arm structure in high-frequency reciprocating motion
Authors: Jiang Xuchu , Li Bin , Mao Xinyong , Peng Yili , Jiang Wei , He Songping
Published: September 2019

The sorting arm structure is under the inertia impact of high frequency reciprocating motion. The vibration characteristics are related to the operation process so that the precision of the chip sorting is uncertain. Thus, the accuracy of chips and efficiency of LED sorting machine are reduced. In the paper, the relationship between the vibration of the sorting arm and the positioning error of the chip has been studied. Besides, the correlation between the sorting arm structure’s vibration and the working precision of the separator are pointed out. The operation control is optimized based on the dynamics of the sorting arm and the operation parameters are optimized based on time sequence setting, in order to shorten the vibration attenuation time of the sorting arm for suppress vibration and provide efficiency. The incentives, which are introduced by variable structure and by the operation, can be effectively controlled. The array accuracy of chips and working efficiency of chip sorting machine are improved.
Analysis of weak faults of planetary gears based on frequency domain information exchange method
Authors: Shi Lichen , Kang Zhenya , Wang Haitao , Li Kun
Published: September 2019

This paper focuses on solving a series of problems, in particular, the extraction of planetary gear fault characteristics for cracked and broken teeth, using the frequency domain information exchange method. First, we discuss deficiencies in classical stochastic resonance fault feature extraction method. A number of issues are associated with adaptive stochastic resonance based on the re-scaling frequency method used during the small parameter issues, such as sampling frequency ratio constraints and easily induced aliasing of the target frequency band. Second, to overcome the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes a frequency domain information exchange optimization method. Simulations were carried out used the proposed method and results were compared to those obtained using previously presented adaptive stochastic resonance based on the re-scaling frequency method. Finally, tests were performed on an experimental planetary gearbox failure platform to further verify the frequency domain information exchange method for effectively extracting planetary gear crack and missing tooth fault features.
Natural frequency sensitivity and influence analysis of TBM cutterhead system
Authors: Ling Jingxiu , Tong Xin , Guo Changsheng , Li Zhanfu
Published: September 2019

TBM cutterhead works in complex working conditions, which endures the reverse impact forces of rock breakage, resulting in parts abnormal failure. Hence, the study of the system inherent characteristics is the basis for cutterhead dynamic design. Based on the established vibration model of a TBM split-cutterhead system, the modal method is used in the dynamic model and the natural frequency sensitivity expressions to system parameters are deduced. Then a cutterhead system of a water conservancy project in China is taking as an example, the natural frequency sensitivity with respect to the cutterhead support stiffness and mass parameters is obtained, and the influence of the two parameters on natural characteristics is analyzed. The results show that, the 10th-20th order natural frequencies are mainly affected by the cutterhead support stiffness and mass parameters, and the 9th-11th order frequencies are mainly influenced by cutterhead moment of inertia. Besides, with the change of stiffness and mass parameters, the cutterhead system natural frequency curves cut across each other and there are also many inflection points in the sensitivity curves, then the modal jumping occurs near these points. The parameter sensitive points were obtained from the results, which can provide reference for TBM cutterhead system parameters matching.
Structural nonlinear damage detection using improved Dempster-Shafer theory and time domain model
Authors: Guo Huiyong , Zhou Rong , Zhang Feng
Published: September 2019

In the service period, a crack may appear in some engineering structures. The development of accurate and effective methods for crack damage detection has become a topic of great importance. In this paper, a nonlinear damage detection method based on the improved Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory and time domain model is presented. First, acceleration responses in the undamaged and damaged states are measured by using accelerometers. Then, acceleration responses are utilized to establish an autoregressive (AR) model, and residual time series of acceleration responses are used to establish an autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model. A cepstral metric conversion (CMC) method based on the AR model is employed to obtain local damage solution and an autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity conversion (ARCHC) method based on ARCH model is presented to acquire another local damage solution. Finally, the D-S theory is applied to detect damages by integrating these local damage solutions, and an improved D-S theory is further presented to enhance the detection accuracy. The numerical and experimental examples show that the improved D-S theory has high detection accuracy and good performance.
May Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Worsen the Spermiogram Results?
Authors: Kazimoglu Hatem , Topdagi Yunus Emre , Solakhan Mehmet , Guzel Ali Irfan
Published: September 2019

Objective: In recent years, the number of infertile couples who desire pregnancy with assisted reproduction techniques is increasing. Smoking and alcohol consumption are important factors affecting the treatment of fertility and assisted reproductive techniques. To evaluate the effect of smoking and alcohol consumption on spermiogram results.Study Design: This prospective case-control study was conducted at current urology and infertility department in a tertiary research hospital and a total of 6171 cases included in the study. Data collected and evaluated were age and sperm parameters (liquefaction, semen volume, sperm concentration, total number, total motility, progressive motility, slow motility, non-progressive motility, morphology). Results: Of 6171 patients; a total of 3247 men was smoker (n:3247, %52.6) and 3511 was alcohol users (n:3511, %56.9). Mean age of the patients in the study group was 32.8±6.5 years. There was a statistically significant difference between the smoker and nonsmoker in terms of sperm concentration and slow motility (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between alcohol consumption and no alcohol consumption in terms of; semen volume, sperm concentration, normal morphology (p <0.05).Conclusion: According to this study, smoking has a negative effect on sperm concentration and slow motility. Alcohol consumption has a negative impact on semen volume, sperm concentration, normal morphology. Smoking and alcohol consumption separately and combined were found to have a deleterious effect on sperm parameters. It is suggested that both habits may contribute to infertility problems.
Suitability of the SL index for the semi-automatic identification of mass movements affecting the drainage network
Authors: Subiela Blanco G. B. , Guinau i Sellés M. , Galve Arnedo J. P.
Published: September 2019

Geomorphological indices, such as the Stream Length-Gradient (SL) index, have been demonstrated to be suitable for detecting anomalies in stream-profiles. These anomalies (knickpoints) are generally related to active tectonics, lithological changes and large mass movements. This study aims to detect drainage areas affected by mass movements using SL index in La Vall d’Àssua, Romadriu and La Vall de Tor basins (Central Pyrenees). The methodology used consists of computing the SL index using the Chi-Map script and then, applying two ArcGIS® tools, which are the Hotspot and Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Kernel Density (KD), to provide a better visualisation and location of the knickpoints. SL anomalies have been compared with the slope failure inventory of La Vall d’Àssua basin, indicating a good correlation between SL anomalies and slope failures. Additionally, this geomorphological index provided the  identification of 13 mass movements which had not previously been described. To sum up, this geomorphological parameter is a useful tool for the identification of drainage network areas affected by mass movements.
Mercury Exposure, Epigenetic Alterations and Brain Tumorigenesis: A Possible Relationship?
Authors: Bjørklund Geir , Pivina Lyudmila , Dadar Maryam , Semenova Yuliya , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Aaseth Jan
Published: September 2019

The risk assessment of mercury (Hg), in both wildlife and humans, represents an increasing challenge. Increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a known Hg-induced toxic effect, which can be accentuated by other environmental pollutants and by complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. Some epidemiological and experimental studies have investigated a possible correlation between brain tumors and heavy metals. Epigenetic modifications in brain tumors include aberrant activation of genes, hypomethylation of specific genes, changes in various histones, and CpG hypermethylation. Also, Hg can decrease the bioavailability of selenium and induce the generation of reactive oxygen that plays important roles in different pathological processes. Modification of of metals can induce excess ROS and cause lipid peroxidation, alteration of proteins, and DNA damage. In this review, we highlight the possible relationship between Hg exposure, epigenetic alterations, and brain tumors.
Targeted Nanoparticles for Co-delivery of 5-FU and Nitroxoline, a Cathepsin B Inhibitor, in HepG2 Cells of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Varshosaz Jaleh , Fard Monireh M. , Mirian Mina , Hassanzadeh Farshid
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

The first choice of treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is 5-fluorouracil
(5-FU). Nitroxoline (NIT), a potent inhibitor of Cathepsin B, impairs tumor progression by decreased extracellular
matrix degradation. The objective of the current project was designed to target nanoparticles for co-delivery
of 5-FU and NIT in order to enhance the 5-FU cytotoxic effects and reduce the metastatic properties of HepG2
cells.

METHODS:

5-FU and NIT were loaded in chitosan-chondroitin nanoparticles. To target the CD44 receptors of
HepG2 cells, Hyaluronic Acid (HA) was conjugated to the chondroitin by adipic acid dihydrazide and the conjugation
was confirmed by FTIR and 1HNMR. After physicochemical characterization and optimization of the
processing variables, MTT assay was done on HepG2 and NIH3T3 cell lines to determine the cytotoxic properties
of HA targeted nanoparticles. Migration of the cells was studied to compare the co-delivery of the drugs
with each drug alone.

RESULTS:

The optimized nanoparticles showed the particle size of 244.7±16.3nm, PDI of 0.30±0.03, drug entrapment
efficiency of 46.3±5.0% for 5-FU and 75.1±0.9% for NIT. The drug release efficiency up to 8 hours
was about 37.6±0.9% for 5-FU and 62.9±0.7% for NIT. The co-delivery of 5-FU and NIT in targeted nanoparticles
showed significantly more cytotoxicity than the mixture of the two free drugs, non-targeted nanoparticles or
each drug alone and reduced the IC50 value of 5-FU from 3.31±0.65μg/ml to 0.17±0.03μg/ml and the migration
of HepG2 cells was also reduced to five-fold.

CONCLUSION:

Co-delivery of 5-FU and NIT by HA targeted chitosan-chondroitin nanoparticles may be promising
in HCC.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Carbapenem Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran
Authors: Shakib Pegah , Choolandaimy Zeinab Babaie , Rezaie Faranak , Bahmani Mahmood , Delfani Somayeh
Published: September 2019

Introduction:

The prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii has
been increasing worldwide, and therapeutic options are extremely limited. We performed a systematic
review to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic carbapenem resistance in A.baumannii
reported in Iran.

Methods:

We systematically searched Pub Med, Web of Science Direct, and Google scholar databases
to identify studies addressing the carbapenem resistance of A. baumannii. The selected papers
were published between 2005 and 2016, but the sample collection period was between 2002
and 2016. To estimate the prevalence, the Der Simonian and Laird randomized models, a 95%
confidence interval, was used. For the heterogeneity check, I2 test was used. The Egger test was
used to check the propagation bias.

Results:

Analysis of data indicates that there was an increase in resistance to carbapenems from
4.5% in 2005 to a 100% prevalence rate in 2016 (65.4 (95% CI: 58.8 – 71.6).

Conclusion:

According to the results of this study, the rate of resistance to carbapenem in
A.baumannii has been increasing in Iran. The presence of carbapenem-resistant isolates is a major
concern, because carbapenem is the main drug used against Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) isolates.
Hepatic Nuclear Factor 1 Alpha (HNF-1α) In Human Physiology and Molecular Medicine
Authors: Begum Sumreen
Published: September 2019

The transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in the modulation of specific gene transcription networks. One of the hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) family’s member, hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1α) has continuously become a principal TF to control the expression of genes. It is involved in the regulation of a variety of functions in various human organs including liver, pancreas, intestine, and kidney. It regulates the expression of enzymes involved in endocrine and xenobiotic activity through various metabolite transporters located in the above organs. Its expression is also required for organ-specific cell fate determination. Despite two decades of its first identification in hepatocytes, a review of its significance was not comprehended. Here, the role of HNF-1α in the above organs at the molecular level to intimate molecular mechanisms for regulating certain gene expression whose malfunctions are attributed to the disease conditions has been specifically encouraged. Moreover, the epigenetic effects of HNF-1α have been discussed here, which could help in advanced technologies for molecular pharmacological intervention and potential clinical implications for targeted therapies.

HNF-1α plays an indispensable role in several physiological mechanisms in the liver, pancreas, intestine, and kidney. Loss of its operations leads to the non-functional or abnormal functional state of each organ. Specific molecular agents or epigenetic modifying drugs that reactivate HNF-1α are the current requirements for the medications of the diseases.