bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in Cerebral Metabolism Induced by Polarized Light in Mice Brain: A Quantum Coherence Model
Authors: PC Njemanze
Published: January 2024

We present direct evidence of the polarized light effect of coherence in computational neuronal dynamics in female, but not male mice brain. We measured the accumulation of [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) in mouse brain using small animal positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) during light stimulation with yellow and polarized filters compared to dark condition. Fourier analysis was performed using mean standardized uptake values (SUV) of [18F]FDG for each stimulus condition to derive the spectral density coefficients for analysis and spectral plots of cross-correlation function, cross amplitude, phase spectrum, gain, coherency and multiple regression analysis. PET images show gender differences during polarized light stimulation, with greater tracer accumulation in the visual cortex in female than in male mice. In male mice, there was classical superposition of waves of polarized and yellow lights, shown by significantly attenuated long-term depression at cortical C-peak in the ventral stream of the left visual cortex. Conversely, in female mice, polarized light particle evoked accentuated long-term potentiation at subcortical S-peak in the dorsal stream in the right visual cortex. Coherence may occur in the visual system in female mice within the cortical ‘cytochrome oxidase (CO) blobs’, which are spatially and functionally connected through nested hierarchical neural networks of structures implicated as environment for non-trivial features such as coherence.
Dosimetric Comparison: Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and 3d Conformal Radiotherapy (3d-CRT) in High Grade Glioma Cancer Experience of Casablanca Cancer Center at the Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital
Authors: I Benali
Published: January 2024

Background: Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) is currently employed as a major arm of treatment in multiforme glioblastoma (GBM). The present study aimed to compare 3D-CRT with IMRT to assess tumor volume coverage and OAR sparing for treatment of malignant gliomas. Materials and Methods: We assessed 22 anonymized patients datasets with High Grade Glioblastoma who had undergone post-operative Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and 3D Conformal Radiotherapy (3D-CRT), This study will compare and contrast treatment plans Rapidarc and 3D-CRT to determine which technique improves significantly dosimetric parameters. Results: Plans will be assessed by reviewing the coverage of the PTV using mean, maximum and minimum doses while the OAR doses will be compared using the maximal doses for each, as set out in the QUANTEC dose limits. Conclusion: The use of IMRT seems a superior technique as compared to 3D-CRT for the treatment of malignant gliomas having the potential to increase dose to the PTV while sparing OARs optimally
Review on Covıd-19 and Ground Glass Opacities
Authors: Tiryaki Şaban
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this review is to examine the presentation of ground glass densities (GGOs) on chest tomography (CT), which is widely used in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). GGOs appear to be the earliest and most common presentation of lung sequelae in COVID-19. Thus, in the existing literature, the frequency of GGO varies between 14% and 100%. In line with the literature and our increasing experience, GGO is encountered as an early finding in COVID-19, and GGO is observed less often in patients diagnosed after the early disease period. In conclusion, in COVID-19, especially in the early disease stages, the most common finding on thoracic CT is GGO, and it can often be observed with consolidation.
The Art of Remote Sensing for Nuclear Medicine
Authors: RI Gomaa
Published: January 2024

Remote sensing can play crucial role in the evolving nuclear medicine sector in Egypt. As the number of national medical centers that use Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/ Computed Tomography (CT) scans and radioactive isotopes for diagnostics and therapeutic services of cancer patients, is increasing. Remote sensing also copes with the worldwide efforts of having specific cyclotron together with radio pharmacy and clinic on-site. The paper presents an integrated remote sensing solution for nuclear medicine facilities, to detect radiation exposure, and contamination in the production, diagnostic and therapeutic areas. The system allows economic and reliable autonomous monitoring, it helps reducing the cost, enhancing production quality, increasing number of treated patients, improving the patient remedy, assuring the staff safety, and complying with regulatory requirements. Four communication technologies ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and Z-Wave, have been investigated, and compared in context of network parameters (data rate, coverage, power constrains and bandwidth) and success factors (cost, reliability, ease of deployment and security). The ZigBee technology seems to be the best candidate for the proposed system. Results demonstrate the feasibility of using remote sensing for nuclear medicine and promise the efficient performance of the national facilities.
Evaluation of National Proficiency Testing (PT) Provision in the Scheme of Soil Analysis on PH, Organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen and Available Phosphorus Based On the Same Soil Sample Exchange in Ethiopia
Authors: Bedassa Miheretu
Published: January 2024

Proficiency testing (PT) is to monitor the quality of their analytical results, demonstrating analytical competence, developing and training analysts, and the validation of methods and instruments as stipulated in ISO/IEC 17025 in Ethiopia. Composite surface soil samples at the depth of 0-20 cm were collected from the experimental sites. The sample was air dried, grained using mortal and pestle and sieved < 0.5mm mesh size. Soil pH, organic carbon, total N and available P were determined at respective agricultural research soil Laboratories following standard lab procedures in fifteen soil laboratories of EIAR & regional centers participated in the PT organized for 2022. The results of the analytical results were evaluated by calculating Z scores.
The Assessment of Fixed Capital Asset-Based Capacity of Fish Farm in Nigeria
Authors: Zanna Babagana
Published: January 2024

The study area of the research work was Jere and Konduga Local Government Area of Borno State, North East Zone, Nigeria. An area that met the environmental requirement for fish farming which have significantly contributed to the development of fish production in the country, Nigeria. The study concerned with the assessment of fixed capital asset-based capacity of fish farm in the study area. Data for the study was collected within the period of thirty-one (31) days from 14th March, to 13th April 2023 through a questionnaire with informal discussion with the fish farmers. Information were also solicited from farmers book of accounts and other organizational official records were used. Thus, both primary and secondary sources of data were employed. The result of the study showed that fixed capital asset-based capacity of concrete fish farm in the study area was below average. Recommendation were made to create an avenue for the fish farmers in the study area to access fixed capital asset adequately for the improvement of fish farm asset-based capacity to expand operation for higher output.
Biochemical and Morphological Responses in Amazon Fish, Piaractus brachypomus Exposed To 2,4-D + Picloram Herbicide
Authors: Paulino Marcelo Gustavo
Published: January 2024

Pesticides as herbicides present an elevated potential for contaminating the aquatic environment, being able to create negative effects for organisms that are not the target, like fish. We evaluated the morphology and function of the hepatic, branchial and renal tissue on Piaractus brachypomus exposed to the herbicide based on 2,4-D + Picloram. Fishes were exposed to a sublethal concentration of the herbicide Norton® (1.1 g L-1, corresponding to 420 mg L-1 of 2,4D and 100 mg L-1 of picloram) for 96 h. After exposure, the plasma, gills, liver, kidney and white muscle were sampled for biochemical and morphological analyses. Acute exposure induced an increase on plasmatic glucose and decrease of muscular glycogen, while the plasmatic protein was also decreased. Tissues GST-GSH enzymatic biotransformation pathway and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were unchanged after acute exposure. Histopathological indexes analysis showed alterations on gills, liver and kidney which was evidenced morphofunctional damage by histopathological organ indexes. The results demonstrate that the herbicide induce different organs responses characterized by morphological and metabolic alterations on P. brachypomus. The adjustments of energy demand and gill, liver and kidney morphological changes produced by Norton® may affect the capacity of vital functions and capacity for development and reproduction of the specie.
Induction Spawning of Endangered Kuria Labeo, Labeo gonius (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) under Hatchery System
Authors: BK Chakraborty
Published: January 2024

Efficacy of two inducing hormones (PG and Ovaprim) was conducted on induced breeding of endangered Kalibaus (Labeo gonius). Induced breeding of L. gonius was carried out from April to July, 2022. Male and female brood fish weighing between 0.85±0.43kg and 0.88±0.50 kg in case of male and 0.97±0.641.4kg to 0.99±0.802.5kg in case of female were selected for the induced breeding and sex ratio were maintained 1:1 for the breeding purpose. The experiment was designed with the month of April, May, June and July with PG and LHRH-A. Two hormonal sources were tested to evaluate their efficacy on ovulation, fertility and hatching rate of L. gonius under controlled conditions. Double doses of PG (an initial dose of 1.5mg/kg body weight and final dose of 4.0mg/kg body weight) and single dose of Ovuline® (LHRH-A) (0.4 -0.45ml/kg body weight) showed better results in case of females. Bothe PG and LHRH-A had shown better results of ovulation, fertility and hatching rate of L. gonius in the month of May-June. Males were administered with a single dose of Ovuline® (LHRH-A) 0.15 ml/kg body weight and PG 1.5 mg/kg body weight showed better results of spermiation. Highest GSI value (22.24%) and fecundity (300411±7.16) were found in 0.90±0.80kg body weighted fish and the lowest value of GSI (20.01%) and highest fecundity (380822±9.11) were found in 1.10±0.96kg body weighted fish. The highest fertilization rates (98.40±1.17%), hatching rates (88.03±2.76%) were recorded in treatment of PG and highest fertilization rates (98.64±0.84%), hatching rates (89.55a±0.88%) were recorded in treatment of LHRH-A. This experiment recommends Ovaprim and PG both are efficient for inducing ovulation, fertilization and hatching of L. calbasu. The hatchery operators may be used both PG and LHRH-A for induction of spawning better performance of L. gonius breeding.
Evaluation of Fungal Diversity in Water and Sediment, AgbaNdele Segment, Sombriero River, Rivers State
Authors: Bameyi Otene Benjamin
Published: January 2024

This study was carried out between September and December, 2022 in Sombriero river to assess the water and sediment quality using fungal load and diversity. Water and sediment samples collected were analysed in the laboratory for fungi using standard method of APHA and the obtained data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that Total fungi in water (Tfw) and sediment (TFs) ranged from 1.0x101 to 1.4x102cfu/ml and 1.0x101 to 1.7x102cfu/g with the overall mean values of 114.37±35.397 cfu/ml and 168.44±358.999 cfu/g respectively. Spatial mean values of TFw and TFs varies significantly at p<0.05 with station 3 higher than all other stations. TFw and TFs values exhibited non-seasonality and seasonality respectively at p<0.05. The total of 5 and 6 fungal species observed in the water and sediment samples included Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oligospora, Pennicilium species, Mucoccus caris and Micrococcus caris with Fusarium solani absent in water. The values of diversity indices varied spatially with Simpson’s dominance index (D) of fungi in water ranging between 0.2503 and 0.6428 while that of sediment ranged from 0.255 to 0.609. Based on the fungal load, diversity index and some pathogenic species the water is therefore under stress/threat. There is need to regulate the anthropogenic activities in the area to avoid further discharge of wastes capable of causing further pollution of the area.
Vacterl Association with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome, Description of a Case
Authors: Nico Wilmer Quintero
Published: January 2024

Vacterl association is a complex dysfunction of congenital malformaciones that implies several structures. Is typically defined by the presence of at least three of the following congenital malformations: vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities. Etiology has only been identified in some patients due to sporadic nature and her high degree of clinical heterogeneity. We report a girl with VACTERL association, which co-occurrence with unusual anomalies of the branchial arch: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hause syndrome (MRKHS). Vaginal agenesis, is a clinical malformations due to severe dysfunctions in the development of Muller conduits in feminine patient, with absence of vagina and uterus, but with functionals ovaries. Therapeutic management is typically multidisciplinary and centers around surgical correction of specific congenital anomalies in the immediate postnatal period, followed by long-term follow-up for postoperative complications and sequelae of congenital malformations. If optimal surgical correction is achievable, the prognosis may be relatively positive, although some patients will remain affected throughout life. This presentation constitutes a new modality of presentation of polyformative syndromes that need of experience and medical investigation for patients with complex malformation to improve a quality of life.
Histopathological Study of Placentas of Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: F Sabeen
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective: Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are common complications in pregnancy, and they lead to utero placental vascular insufficiency. More than 38% of pregnant women succumb to seizures without meeting the clinical criteria for pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. This signifies the importance of a confirmatory diagnosis of pre-eclampsia or eclampsia using the histopathological changes seen in placenta . Hence, the aim of the study was to determine the incidence of histopathological abnormalities in the placentas of singleton pregnancies with hypertensive disorders. Materials & Methods: The study was carried out at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India from June 2018 to July 2020. In this study spanning two years, 134 cases of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia were included. Placenta tissues were collected from the labor room and histological slides were prepared in the Histology Lab. All the steps of Tissue Processing were done and slides were observed under the light microscope after proper staining. Results: A significant association between the histopathological parameters of the placenta, including fibrin deposition, syncytial knots, hypovascular villi and clinical diagnosis of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was found. Conclusion: This study elucidates a significant association between placental histopathological patterns, caused by preeclampsia and eclampsia. c
Coccidioidomycosis with Laryngeal Nodule and Cavitary Lung Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Vadehra Kumkum
Published: January 2024

Coccidioidomycosis is the infection caused by the dimorphic fungi of the genus Coccidioides. Primary pulmonary infection is caused by inhalation of airborne mycelial arthroconidia located in soil. While most infections are asymptomatic, clinical illness ranges from acute pneumonia (Valley Fever) to extra-thoracic disseminated infection. Most cases of coccidioidomycosis in the United States are endemic in the southwestern part of the country, particularly in Arizona, the San Joaquin Valley of California; parts of Mexico and Central and South America. Here we describe the case of a 13- year-old boy with an unusual history of hoarseness of voice, in whom laryngoscopy and biopsy were performed, and subsequent histologic diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis was established.
History of Anatomy in the Reflection of Collecting Media
Authors: KA Bugaevsky
Published: January 2024

The article presents the materials of the study devoted to the reflection in the means of collecting, information about the contribution to the anatomical study of the human body, by famous scientists-anatomists, both antiquity and modernity, Such as Avicenna, Ibn al-Nafiz, Andrei Vesalius, William Garvey, Ambroise Paré, Giovanni Baptista Morgagni, Miguel Servet, Gabriel Fallopius, Bartolomeo Eustachio, Leonardo da Vinci, Jan Yesenius, John Hunter, Ales Hrdlichka of the past and a number of others, in the reflection of various means of philately and numismatics. All these scientists made a significant contribution to the development and formation of anatomy as a basic medical science, but were also the founders of a number of related medical disciplines, such as pathological anatomy, operative surgery and topographic anatomy, forensic medical examination. The tools, techniques and techniques developed by them for the autopsy of corpses and the preparation of various parts of the body of deceased people, all the practical experience they have gained, are still actively used in modern anatomy and medicine. It is not surprising that the memory of these great scientists, anatomists and doctors is reflected in a number of types of modern collecting, in particular such as philately and numismatics. The article is illustrated with images of postage stamps, envelopes, postal blocks, commemorative medals and tokens of different countries and years of issue, their description and additional information is given.
Opportunities and Challenges of Online Anatomy Teaching and Learning for Pre-Clinical Students
Authors: HMFJ Nazeefa
Published: January 2024

Teaching anatomy enables the learners to understand and apply the knowledge and concepts in their medical career. Teaching techniques should ensure the knowledge retention and development of specific skills along with different learning styles. Teaching and learning of anatomy commenced in a traditional approach preliminarily and supplemented with computerassisted methods at present to increase engagement and interaction through learner-centered approaches. The recent crisis, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has tremendously affected education globally. It restricted practical-based learning, whereas it has less impact on the theoretical aspect of teaching and learning anatomy. This review discusses the implementation of various teaching and learning strategies in the virtual platform with their prospects and limitations.
Anthropometric and Morphological Peculiarities of Female Students with a Different Body Length with Account of their Evolution Constitution
Authors: KA Bugaevsky
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the study of the values of a number of anthropometric and morphofunctional indices in students with low and high growth, with physical training at the university and their relationship with the values of the trochanter index as an indicator of the constitutional type of age-related human evolution. It was established that negatively altered types of trochanter index values in the study group were detected in the overwhelming majority of lowgrowth students – in 37 (94.87%) female students. In the gynecomorphic sex somatotype, a greater number of age-related disorders was identified – 23 (58,97%) than in the case of students with mesomorphic and andromorphic sexual somatotypes, 9 (23,08%), 1 (2,56%) female student Physiological gynecomorphic somatotype, normoevolytic constitutional type of sexual evolution has been revealed.
Implementation of Setting-Wide Positive Behaviour Support in Adult Disability Settings: A Research Synthesis
Authors: Kearney Deirdre
Published: January 2024

Background: Positive behaviour support (PBS) is mandated under the Health Act 2007 as a recommended intervention for vulnerable adults experiencing distress in residential settings. There is limited investigation in effective implementation systems for this model of support. This paper provides a synthesis of the research exploring the use of a systemic model of PBS with adult populations. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken using COVIDENCE. The resulting studies were critically appraised using the quality assessment tool for reviewing studies with diverse designs (QATSDD) and were coded and analysed using an adapted version of the standard data extraction template on the Covidence platform. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were published between 2003 and 2021 and are reported in respect to descriptive features, methodological rigour, treatment components, outcomes observed and recommendations for future research. Conclusions: There is a growing body of literature evidencing the efficacy of systemic applications of PBS in promoting quality of life outcomes and reducing problem behaviours and restrictive practices. However, few studies to date have focused on adult populations. The most frequently reported treatment component across the included studies was workforce development programmes. Recommendations for future research include scaling up of the interventions so that SWPBS might be applied regionally or nationally, with a view to embedding this culture into disability practice and building capacity across the state.
Quantum Dots' Role in Cancer Diagnosis: An overview on NanoFluorescence in Oncology
Authors: En-nadir Redouane
Published: January 2024

This paper highlights the significant advantages of utilizing quantum dots (QDs) in cancer detection. The discussion begins with an introduction to Quantum Dots and Their Properties, emphasizing their unique characteristics. Subsequently, the paper explores the utility of Quantum Dots as Imaging Probes, shedding light on their role in enhancing imaging capabilities for cancer diagnosis. The focus then shifts to their pivotal role in cancer targeting, particularly for early detection. Finally, Challenges and Future Prospects in the field of QD-based cancer detection are addressed. This comprehensive overview underscores the potential of quantum dots in revolutionizing cancer diagnosis and opens avenues for further research and development.
Comparative Study of Perforated Sack Bag, Palm Basket, Plastic Can and Wooden Net Cage as Storage Structures for Okra
Authors: Stephen Babalola Oluwaseun
Published: January 2024

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is a vegetable crop that easily loses its nutritional quality if stored under poor environment and structure respectively after harvest. Okra is a good source of vitamins A, B and C. It also has good contents of protein, minerals and iodine. The aim of this research is to assess and compare the performance of perforated sack bag, basket, perforated plastic can and wooden net cage as storage structures for okra under tropical humid environmental condition. The four storage structures were analyzed to determine their effectiveness as storage structures for okra handling and preservation. Perforated sack bag and palm basket were purchased, while perforated plastic can and wooden net cage were constructed. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of ABE department, MOUAU, Nigeria. The use of perforated sack bag (13 days) and wooden net cage (12 days) showed higher resistance to rottenness than palm basket and perforated plastic can (11 days) by one day difference. The weight loss of okra crops in perforated plastic can (46.02%) was lower than other structures. The results showed that perforated sack bag and wooden net cage are preferred for retaining the quality of okra crop for average of 12 days under humid tropical region.
Transient Increase in the Terminal Negative Deflection of the P Wave in Lead V1 during Treadmill Testing Identifies Exercise Induced Aggravated Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: SR Mittal
Published: January 2024

Terminal negative deflection of the P wave in lead V1 is produced by posteriorly directed depolarization of the left atrium. A value of more than 0.04 mm sec suggests increase in left atrial pressure. Transient new appearance of this finding during treadmill testing suggests transient exercise induced increase in left atrial pressure. Indirectly it suggests transient exercise induced/aggravated increase in left ventricular end diastolic pressure. In presence of clinical and/or electrocardiographic findings of myocardial ischemia, this finding suggest ischemia induced left ventricular dysfunction. Earlier this finding appears during exercise and longer it lasts during recovery, more severe is the left ventricular dysfunction.
Bio-Entrepreneurship: The New Innovative Gateway
Authors: Balcioglu Hasret
Published: January 2024

In this study, the risk, challenges and cost of bio-entrepreneurship has been explained in detailed with examples. In the past, it can be observed that biological companies may have difficulty finding resources when conducting research due to high costs. But in the post-pandemic period, it is clear that there are new alternatives that can replace high health expenditures. Therefore, especially in the near future, biological entrepreneurship will be the most needed field in the world and it will find opportunity to develop with the help of artificial intelligence and deep learning machines.
Onycomycoses in Tripoli/Libya
Authors: IM Houda
Published: January 2024

Background: This is study was conducted to determine the chief agents of Onycomycoses in Tripoli/Libya. Specimens were collected over a one-year period for mycological investigations carried out on all nail specimens sent to the Mycology Laboratory, department of medical microbiology, college of medicine. Methods: In the period between Januarys 2021and December 2021, a total of 100 specimens from nails were collected from 100 clinically suspected cases with fungal infections. Direct microscopic examination using 40% potassium hydroxide and culture on both Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol, with or without cycloheximide. Results: The fungi isolated included dermatophytes (n=18), yeasts (n=33), and Nondermatophyte filamentous fungi (n=5). Trichophyton mentagrophytes (n=7) was the most Prevalent, followed by Trichophyton rubrum (n=6). Candida species were also isolated, with Candida parapsilosis (n=17) being the most common, followed by Candida albicans (n=12). Other candida species, non dermatophytes mold and mixed fungal and bacterial involvement were less frequently associated with nail infections. Finger nail was most involved site (n=57) and toe nail (n=45). Conclusions: In this study, Onycomycoses infections were reported more commonly in female (n=68) than in male (n=32) patients. Candida species was the chief agent of finger nail infection in female than in male patients and tinea unguium was more prevalent in male with dermatophytes most causing agents.
Bioactive Potential of some Fascinating Edible Mushrooms Macrolepiota, Russula, Amanita, Vovariella and Grifola as a Treasure of Multipurpose Therapeutic Natural Product
Authors: WA Elkhateeb
Published: January 2024

Mushrooms are macro fungi that exist everywhere around us. They have significant roles in human health-life as source of nutrition and bioactive compounds. Many edible mushrooms have been reported as promising biotechnological tools for production of secondary metabolites of various biological activities. The genus Macrolepiota; Russula; Amanita; Vovariella and Grifola are a group of edible mushrooms that are distributed all over the world. The studies on different species of these edible mushrooms have revealed their nutritional medicinal potentials. This review aims to present the importance of the genera Macrolepiota; Russula; Amanita; Vovariella and Grifola as both food and medicine, and they offer new insights to researchers to develop new drugs and nutraceuticals
Analog Astronaut Mission Habitat Bio Contamination Test
Authors: H Balcioglu
Published: January 2024

The presence of viable particles in materials, devices, people, surfaces, liquids, gases, or air is referred to as bio-contamination. Mold can grow anywhere there is enough moisture or a water problem. Most molds emit musty odors, which are the first indication of a problem. Mold can manifest itself as slightly fuzzy, discolored or slimy patches that expand in size. Mold growth can be significant in hermetically sealed and environmentally controlled environments. The enclosed habitats are well-exemplified by Analog Astronaut Mission Habitats (AAMH). A bio-contamination test was conducted at the AAMH in Poland from November 1 to 10, 2023. Mold was discovered growing in a bio-contamination experiment mixture of wheat flour, tomato powder and sugar. AAMHs should develop a bio-contamination control strategy as well as an internal system to protect the crew and citizens from diseases that the crew may transmit.
Confocal Microscopy in the Study of Corneal Nerve Alterations Post-Refractive Surgery: A Review of Recent Advancements
Authors: W Li
Published: January 2024

As more and more people choose to get rid of the bondage of glasses through refractive surgery, there is a corresponding increase in concern about the potential impact of the surgery on corneal nerves. Refractive surgery can cause damage to corneal nerves, leading to abnormal corneal sensitivity, dry eyes, and other adverse reactions. Additionally, different methods of corneal refractive surgery may have varying degrees of impact on corneal nerve changes. Confocal microscopy has high resolution and three-dimensional imaging capabilities, allowing for direct observation of changes in corneal nerve fiber structure. This is of great significance for deeply exploring the mechanisms of corneal nerve changes after refractive surgery. Therefore, this review looks back at existing research with the aim of discussing the impact of refractive surgery on the morphology of corneal nerves.
Sudden & Premature Death among Doctors: How to Save the Saviours?
Authors: SK Pandey
Published: January 2024

During the past few years, the sudden and premature death of young medical professionals in India shocked the entire medical fraternity. One of the most important reasons is overwork, stress, lack of sound sleep, lack of physical activity, and lack of regular health checkups. Young and middle-aged doctors are in a critical period of their family and professional career development. Not only do they hope to make breakthroughs in clinical services as well as academic research, but they also face pressure from patients and their families. The escalation of contradictions between doctors and patients has also become an increasing mental burden in the practice of many medical professionals. The health of the entire nation depends on doctors and to achieve that goal, first, medical professionals need to be healthy. As they say in an airplane safety briefing: we must first ensure to put on our own oxygen masks, before we help others. The authors suggest that each and every doctor should take responsibility for his/her own health. Medical professionals/ophthalmologists should regularly perform aerobic exercise or connect with families and friends for support, instead of excessive smoking and drinking. Besides, regular medical checkup (blood pressure, blood sugar, ECG, Echocardiography, etc) is an effective approach to detecting and decreasing the risk of some potential diseases such as diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and stroke. Government, non-government organizations, medical/ophthalmic societies, and media should help to improve the working environment and re-establish doctor-patient trust, which may further decrease the sense of “stress/burnout” for doctors. A change of lifestyle and healthy work-life balance-adding yoga, exercise, and meditation to reduce stress, maintain quality eating, and maintain body weight can save many young doctor/ophthalmologist lives.
Confirmation of Tb: Salvation of an Elderly Heavy Smoker with Lower Lung Mass
Authors: A Sharma
Published: January 2024

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) remains one of the major health problems throughout the world. It has variable presentations such as consolidation, pleural effusion, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, miliary pattern and may also present rarely as a mass lesion. Here we are reporting such a rare case presenting with dry cough along with intermittent fever and significant weight loss for 2 months and chest pain for 1 month. A mass lesion was noted in the right lower zone on chest x-ray and confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Ultrasound-guided trans-thoracic biopsy confirmed tuberculosis and responded to Anti Tubercular Therapy (ATT).
Patterns of Recurrence and Antimicrobial Management in Respiratory Infections: A Real-World Retrospective Study
Authors: Jangid Rupali
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality. Management of RTIs is complex with several etiological agents, development of resistance to antimicrobials, and multiple risk factors which may result in recurrence of infections. Therefore, choice of antibiotic therapy needs to be evidence-based for appropriate treatment and prevention of recurrence. This study aimed to explore the pattern of recurrence in RTIs and the type of antimicrobials used in real-world clinical settings. Methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study. Electronic medical records of patients with upper RTIs (URTIs) and lower RTIs (LRTIs) visiting three centers from 2014 to 2020 were considered for the analysis. Results: A total of 236 patients had an overall 531 episodes of RTIs with a mean age of 41.75 years. There were 391 LRTIs and 140 URTIs. Majority of the patients were adults (64.83%), and males were predominant (65.68%). In LRTI episodes, the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial monotherapy/fixed dose combination was macrolide (clarithromycin) (12.53%), followed by cefpodoxime-clavulanic acid (9.97%). Majority of the URTIs were managed with clarithromycin (49.28%) and azithromycin (16.43%). Recurrence of LRTI was observed in 23 patients with gram stain positive cocci. Additionally, out of 27 patients with culture-positive pseudomonas infections, 10 had recurrent LRTI episodes. Macrolides and cephalosporins were mostly prescribed in these episodes. Conclusion: This study highlights that one of the major causes of recurrence could be incomplete eradication of pathogens. In the real-world scenario, recurrent URTI and LRTI episodes can be managed by macrolides and cephalosporins.
SARS-CoV-2 Orf1ab Genome Mutations, the Driving Force for Virus Pathogenicity
Authors: O Cobar
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The proteins codified in the Open Reading Frame 1ab -Orf1ab- region of the SARS-CoV-2 genome triggers the virus transcription, replication, and translation processes inside the human cell. Targets: The purpose of the Mini Review is to present a systematic review as of October 31, 2023, on the Orf1ab region mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, with the aim to predict, through the mutations profile on that region, the severity of an infection for a new SARS-CoV-2 variant that could emerge in the near future. Method: Original scientific articles published in Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO and BioMed Central databases, official health organizations (WHO, CDC, ECDEC, NIH) electronic publications, and specialized media in the subject, were electronically searched to accomplish the aim of the study. Results: The search on scientific literature on Orf1ab SARS-CoV-2 genome region together with the analyses of the specific mutations, can be an invaluable tool for predict virus variants pathogenicity. Conclusions: The analyses of Orf1ab genome mutations, allows us to predict, through the mutations profile on that region, the severity of an infection for a new SARS-CoV-2 variant that could emerge in the near future. Outlook: As clearly illustrated, the pathogenicity of actual and future SARS-CoV-2 variants can be predicted.
Properties, agronomic uses and public perceptions of faecal sludge biochar
Authors:   , Nicholas Larissa
Published: January 2024

Since 2000 the proportion of the population in low and middle- income nations that use “unimproved” sanitation facilities is increasing, in 2020 3.5 billion people lacked access to safely managed sanitation facilities. Inadequate sanitation facilities and lack of clean water are key factors in the contraction of diarrheal disease which is responsible for the deaths of approximately 525,000 children every year (WHO, 2017).Faecal sludge collected from on-site sanitation facilities is often dumped into the local environment or reused untreated on farmland. The recycling and re-use of faecal sludge can improve sanitation in developing nations as well as playing a pivotal role in the development of a circular economy within the agriculture industry. Here, biochars derived from faecal sludge were characterized with regards to a potential end-use in agriculture. All faecal sludge biochars were found to have high ash content which contributed to the high pH values measured. All biochars recorded relatively low carbon content and BET porosimetry indicated low specific surface areas. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed similar organic surface groups for each biochar. X-ray diffraction analysis differed slightly between biochars, but all displayed a high mineral content (Si, Ca, K and Mg).Faecal sludge biochar was investigated as a soil amendment/fertilizer with acidic soil in two experiments; one conducted in an outdoor greenhouse in natural sunlight and one in a controlled temperature laboratory under a 24-hour photoperiod. It was found that faecal sludge biochar addition to acidic soil increased crop yield, fruit number, plant height and plant biomass and also reduced water runoff in Micro-Tom tomatoes. A combined biochar and fertilizer treatment together produced plants with greater plant height, and tomato yield. The high pH biochar initiated a liming effect which increased nutrient availability as evident in the combined biochar and fertilizer treatment. Under continuous light conditions biochar addition increased plant height, and tomato yield compared to control. However, biochar addition resulted in greater continuous light-induced leaf injury compared to the combined biochar and fertilizer treatment. The combined fertilizer and biochar treatment with a lower rate of biochar plus the addition of nutrients significantly reduced continuous light-induced leaf injury.A survey investigating the public perception of biochar as a soil enhancer in agriculture focusing on faecal sludge derived biochar was conducted. This revealed the “disgust effect” – a “squeamishness” associated with the use of faecal sludge biochar by members of the public. Also, gender differences, issue awareness, and age need to be taken into consideration when enforcing management and policy decisions regarding the land application of faecal sludge biochar.
Analytical solution for one-dimensional consolidation of structured soft soils with continuous drainage boundary
Authors: Feng J. , Ma X. , Liu X. , Wang L. , Wu Z.
Published: January 2024

A closed form analytical solution is proposed to analyze the one-dimensional consolidation behavior of structured saturated clay soils under continuous drainage boundary. Firstly, the soil structural properties and arbitrary loading conditions are taken into account in the established mathematical model. Using the finite sine Fourier transform and characteristic function methods, analytical calculation is conducted, and the solution effectiveness is evaluated against the degradation of solutions and the results of finite difference analysis. Finally, the influences of interface parameter, properties of soil structure and structural yield stress on consolidation behaviors are discussed. Results show that the larger the interface parameter is, the easier the soil structure enters the failure stage, and the smaller the consolidation degree is. Furthermore, the time for initiating the failure stage does not change, when the interface parameter and structural yield stress keep unchanged; in the meanwhile, the greater the consolidation coefficient is, the greater the consolidation degree of foundation becomes when the soil structure begins to fail, and the earlier the soil enters the complete failure stage. When the interface parameter is determined, the ratio of structural yield stress to load can accelerate the soil consolidation rate, but all consolidation curves coincide for the same ratio.
WEBSITE QUALITY, SOCIAL MEDIA AND SATISFACTION ON CHOOSING DECISIONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES
Authors: B Mesra , Ferine Kiki , Astuti Desi , Sentosa Ilham
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of satisfaction in mediating the influence of website quality and social media on the decision to choose private universities in the city of Medan. The population in this study is all students enrolled in the Universitas Potensi Utama in 2022 while the sample of this study is 104 samples taken from 10% of the population. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and literature studies. Data processing with PLS smart program assistance tools. The results of this study show that the quality of websites and social media has a positive and significant effect on student satisfaction and students' decisions to choose the Universitas Potensi Utama. Other results indirectly show that the quality of websites and social media has a positive and significant effect on student decisions in choosing private universities through student satisfaction.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VARIATION OF LEARNING MEDIA USE AND THE LEARNING MOTIVATION OF PACKAGE B STUDENTS AT PKBM FARILLA ILMI, PADANG CITY
Authors: Febrina Laraswati Rheka , Solfema Solfema
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

The relationship between PKBM Farilla Ilmi Package B students in Padang City varies the use of learning media and learning motivation. Thesis of the Faculty of Education, Padang State University. It is the motivation of students studying who take part in package B PKBM Farilla Ilmi learning in Padang City that is the background for making this essay. The purpose of this study was to examine data on the use of different learning media and the motivation of Package B students at PKBM and to understand the relationship between these two factors at PKBM Farilla Ilmi, Padang City.

This type of research is a type of national quantitative research that looks at the interaction between various types of learning media and the learning motivation of package B students at PKBM Farilla Ilmi, Padang City. The data analysis technique uses percentage and sperman rho techniques to display the images of the two variables and their respective relationships. With a population of 40 people and a sample of 28 people, 70% of the population was selected. The research findings show that: (1) There are many variations in the use of educational media; (2) There are many variations on how students are motivated; and (3) there is a positive and significant relationship between these variations and student learning outcomes. motivation to join PKBM for Farilla Ilmi Package B Students, Padang City. It is suggested to: (1) Educators or tutors to be able to add a variety of learning media to package B, (2) PKBM administrators pay more attention and provide suggestions for developing variations of learning media in PKBM, and (3) Future researchers to be able to identify other characteristics or variables that related to learning motivation.

Keywords: Learning Media, Learning Motivation, PKBM
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE APPLICATION OF THE PROBLEM METHOD BASED LEARNING WITH PARTICIPANT LEARNING OUTCOMES COMPUTER COURSE AT SMART COLLEGE PADANG
Authors: Putri Kendita , Irmawita Irmawita
Published: January 2024

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of computer course participants at LKP Smart College Padang. This is thought to be due to the poor application of problem based learning methods so that the learning outcomes of course participants are low. The research objectives are: 1) To find out the description of the application of the Problem Based Learning method to the learning outcomes of computer course participants at LKP Smart College Padang, 2) To find out the description of the learning outcomes of computer course participants at LKPSmart College Padang, 3) To find out the relationship between the application of the Problem Based Learning method to learning outcomes of computer course participants at LKP Smart College Padang.This type of research is correlational, with a quantitative approach. The population in this study was 30 people and a sample of 21 people whose sample was determined using the Simple Random Sampling method. Then a questionnaire is used to collect data. As well as data analysis techniques using percentage and rank order formulas.                The results of the research show that: 1) The description of the application of the Problem Based Learning method among computer course participants at Smart College Padang is categorized as low; 2) A description of the learning outcomes of computer course participants at LKP Smart College Padang is categorized as low. 3) A description of the significant relationship between the application of the problem based learning method and the learning outcomes of computer course participants at LKP Smart College Padang.The research suggestions are: 1) It is hoped that instructors can innovate regarding learning methods so that they can become good and appropriate learning methods for course participants to learn. 2) It is hoped that course participants will be able to learn and adapt learning methods so that they can maximize learning outcomes. 3) It is hoped that future researchers will innovate and research new variables to add variables and complete them.Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Learning Outcomes.
The Relationship between Extensioners Assistance and Produktivity in The Muaro Farming Group Diateh lake Solok District
Authors: Deni Rahma , Irmawita Irmawita
Published: January 2024

This study aims 1) to find out the form of the implementation of extension assistance to the Muaro Danau farmer groups in Ateh, Solok Regency. 2) To find out the obstacles in the implementation of extension assistance to the Muaro Danau farmer group at the Solok Regency. 3) To find out the relationship between extension assistance and the productivity of the Muaro Danau farming business in Ateh, Solok Regency. This research was conducted in Jorong Usak Nagari Alahan Panjang, Lembah Gumanti District. The research method was carried out through correlational quantitative research using a questionnaire. The research informants were the Solok District Agriculture Office, extension assistants, and Farmer Groups. Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the Spearman Rho formula. The results showed that the relationship between extension assistance and productivity in the Muaro Danau Above Farmer Group in Solok Regency was carried out using various methods. However, in its implementation there are still several obstacles, especially the problem of time and attendance of participants.Keywords: Extension Extension Assistance, Productivity, Farmer Groups