bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS TERHADAP PERKARA KETERLAMBATAN PELAPORAN AKUISISI (PERKARA NOMOR 02/KPPU-M/2018)
Authors: Budiyanto Didik , Abbas Ahmad Sudirman , Iswandi Irvan
Published: October 2023

There are currently laws against monopolies and business competition in more than 80 nations worldwide and more than 20 other countries are trying to draft the same laws. In the current era of globalization, business competition in the trade market is getting tighter. Companies are required to always develop strategies and create new innovations to maintain their existence. One of the crucial legal tools in a market economy is competition law. The government aims to safeguard healthy competition between market participants through commercial competition law. This kind of study is done in libraries using a normative legal framework that draws on societal norms as well as legal standards found in laws, rules, and court rulings. The aims of this research are to find out the optimization of Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Commission for the Supervision of Business Competition (KPPU) for resolving monopoly problems and unfair business competition, and to find out the obligation to notify share acquisition by Savings and Loans Services Cooperatives. The results of the study concluded that KPPU has the authority over corporate actions carried out by Kospin Jasa in the form of acquisition of PT. ATU. Based on the principle of accountability based on the element of error, Kospin Jasa has legal responsibility for its actions. Mistakes made by Kospin Jasa are errors in the form of negligence.
Re-colonisation and successful breeding of Masked Boobies Sula dactylatra on mainland St Helena, South Atlantic, in the presence of Feral Cats Felis catus
Authors: Bolton M , Watt R , Fowler E , Henry L , Clingham E
Published: October 2023

Masked Boobies Sula dactylatra were apparently extremely abundant on St Helena in the early sixteenth century, when the island was discovered. It is probable that the breeding population was severely depleted by man and introduced mammalian predators following human settlement of the island in 1659. The species had certainly become very scarce by the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, restricted to a few small offshore stacks that remained predator-free. The first fully documented breeding, on Shore Island a small predator-free stack, was as recent as 1988. Since that time, the population has increased substantially, and here we report the first instance of breeding on the St Helena mainland, despite the presence of Feral Cats Felis catus, Brown Rats Rattus norvegicus and Black Rats R. rattus. In July 2009, along 4 km of coastline in the southwest of the island, one pair was discovered with a large downy chick, four pairs were confirmed to be incubating eggs, and a further 25 pairs were apparently incubating eggs. Subsequent monitoring of 28 breeding attempts up to July 2010 revealed moderate levels of breeding success (0.461 young fledged per attempt), which were substantially higher than those of Masked Boobies that have re-colonised Ascension Island in recent years following cat eradication. The ability of Masked Boobies to nest successfully, on occasion, on islands where cats and rats are present, highlights their potential resilience to these introduced mammalian predators, and the circumstances and long-term viability of successful co-existence with such non-native predators warrant further investigation.
Best Practices for Hospital's Core Marketing
Authors: Hodijah Cucu , Maria Santi , Santo Dewatmoko
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine Hermina Hospital Sukabumi's approach to specialization in maternal and child healthcare as a core marketing strategy. The methodology involved gathering perspectives from the Board of Directors and specialist doctors to identify challenges and opportunities. Findings revealed that financial considerations, regulatory requirements, skill development, and patient care coordination were key challenges. To enhance core marketing, recommendations include investments in advanced medical technology, continuous staff training, expanded telehealth services, community engagement, and robust feedback mechanisms. These initiatives aim to solidify the hospital's leadership in maternal and child healthcare, attract and retain patients, and ensure the delivery of the highest standard of care. In conclusion, a patient-centered approach, ongoing improvement, and innovative strategies are crucial for achieving specialization in maternal and child healthcare, contributing to Hermina Hospital Sukabumi's long-term success in providing top-quality care to mothers and children.
AI Implementation Impact on Workforce Productivity : The Role of AI Training and Organizational Adaptation
Authors: Nurlia Nurlia , Daud Ilzar , Rosadi Muhammad Edya
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the impact of AI implementation on workforce productivity, focusing on the mediating roles of Organizational Adaptation and AI Training. The purpose of the research is to analyze how AI Implementation influences Organizational Adaptation and AI Training, and subsequently, how these factors impact Workforce Productivity within the context of the Regional Secretariat Pontianak. A quantitative approach is employed, using a sample of 70 employees through total sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) is used for data analysis. The findings reveal significant and positive relationships between AI Implementation, AI Training, Organizational Adaptation, and Workforce Productivity. The implications highlight the importance of comprehensive strategies that integrate AI technologies, training initiatives, and organizational flexibility to enhance productivity
Blossoming Success: A SWOT-Infused Strategy for Flower Shop
Authors: Jana Sandra  , Sigit Saptono  , Rahmani Fitra
Published: October 2023

This study aims to assess the strategic landscape of XYZ Flower Shop by conducting a comprehensive SWOT analysis, with a focus on its internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats. The research involved gathering data through questionnaires distributed to the shop's owners and employees. The SWOT analysis was carried out by identifying strengths such as quality and diverse products, affordable pricing, strategic location, delivery services, and a comfortable store concept. Weaknesses encompassed perishable and non-durable raw materials, suboptimal promotion, and a lack of specialized marketing personnel. External factors revealed opportunities such as a loyal customer base, evolving societal lifestyles, technological advancements, and a lack of product substitutes, along with threats like high competition in West Jakarta and strong buyer bargaining power. The SWOT analysis generated several strategic alternatives, including strategies to leverage strengths to capitalize on opportunities (S-O), mitigate weaknesses through opportunities (W-O), employ strengths to combat threats (S-T), and address weaknesses to defend against threats (W-T). the priority strategy for XYZ Flower Shop involves harnessing its quality and diverse products to foster growth.
Navigating Employee Performance: The Synergy of Ethical Leadership, Communication Proficiency and Trust
Authors: Hasnidar Hasnidar , Jusri Jusri , Bakri Asri Ady
Published: October 2023

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing Employee Performance within the South Sulawesi Provincial Secretariat, with a focus on Ethical Leadership, Communication, and Trust. The primary objective is to understand the individual and combined impacts of these factors on performance outcomes. A quantitative approach was employed, involving a sample of 56 employees from the South Sulawesi Provincial Secretariat. Data was collected through structured surveys, and statistical analysis, including regression analysis using SPSS, was conducted to examine the relationships between Ethical Leadership, Communication, Trust, and Employee Performance. The findings revealed compelling insights into the factors affecting Employee Performance. Ethical Leadership was identified as a significant positive influencer, emphasizing the importance of leaders upholding ethical principles. Effective Communication emerged as a crucial factor, highlighting the need for clear and transparent communication channels to improve performance. Trust also played a vital role, underlining the significance of trust-building initiatives within the organization. Additionally, when these factors were considered together, they collectively and significantly impacted Employee Performance, highlighting the value of an integrated approach.
Nursing Information Behavior (NIB) in the Pandemic: Resilience of a Knowledge Base
Authors: Smiraglia Richard P. , Milonas Elizabeth , Zherebchevsky Sergey , Pajarillo Edmund J. Y.
Published: October 2023

Health care assumed epic proportions in 2020 as the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic swept the globe, crossing all social, geographic, economic and political lines. A key component of care at every phase of the pandemic has been home care nursing. A virtual domain analysis clinic (DAC) was constructed around the focus of nursing information behavior (NIB). An important question for research was the extent to which the ontological base underlying NIB might be the subject of conceptual evolution during the pandemic. The clinic began by using domain analytical techniques to extract a NIB taxonomy from a key text; the taxonomy was then mapped to an international nursing classification and published online where it could be available for scholarship. As the pandemic evolved the DAC employed ethnographic techniques to discover ways in which the knowledge base represented by the pandemic was affected over time. The knowledge base of NIB is resilient. The taxonomy of the domain originally drawn from research and mapped to a classification of practice is sustainably efficacious throughout this project. The analysis of video transcripts reveals ethnographic contexts emerging over the course of the pandemic that provide new contours for the knowledge base. Beyond the resilient core lies a rich panoply of emergent vocabulary. The vocabulary of the pandemic itself becomes part of the knowledge base of the home care nurse. The rise of an emotional layer beyond the core vocabulary of NIB reveals the contours of the social impact of the pandemic as vocabulary concerning the very human psychological and social impacts enter the knowledge base with terms forming a credo of moral fiber, hope, dedication and determination.
To Map or Not to Map: Rethinking Crosswalk Agendas
Authors: Jett Jacob , Dubin David , Bothmann Bobby
Published: October 2023

In the two decades since their publication, the Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records and succeeding standards such as the Library Reference Model have had a marked impact on discourse concerning descriptive theory and practice. The BIBFRAME model, which began as an effort to replace MARC as a linked data-capable modeling format, offers an alternate view of the bibliographic universe with three principal entities rather than four. Differences between BIBFRAME and LRM are based in competing intuitions on the nature of creative works, and at first the two approaches appear to compete for the same intellectual space. BIBFRAME offers us a less constrained model of bibliographic descriptions than the FRBR models, and if interoperability between BIBFRAME and WEMI-aligned standards like Resource Description and Access requires translation of RDA records both to and from BIBFRAME descriptions, then the latter’s flexibility poses problems for mapping between the models. Proposed solutions to those problems reveal as much about different modeling philosophies as they do about different views of creative works and their relationships to texts and copies. Linked data protocols are intended to support resources and scenarios that are far too diverse for either a single account of creative works or for a subsumption-based taxonomy of models. But a need for descriptions flexible enough to include them all does not require us to retreat from modeling commitments to either reductionism or operationalism. BIBFRAME can be seen as reaching for or pointing toward a descriptive domain that supports a complementary role to the IFLA standards.
Diversity and Identity: Categories for OAI data-providers in the Open Language Archives Network
Authors: Paterson III Hugh
Published: October 2023

This work analyzes the network typology of data-providers who use the Open Archive Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) to engage in ethnolinguistic information-resource stewardship. The Open Language Archive Community’s (OLAC) network is analyzed addressing: (1) the ontological nature of OAI data-providers, chiefly that not all data-providers are archives; (2) the classificatory nature of the data-providers in contrast to existing OLAC categories of personal and institutional; and (3) the impact of classification/description on the social-understanding about those providers. That is, discrete classificatory terminology does not exist within the target OLAC user community. A broader understanding of the classificatory distinctions among cultural heritage organizations would enable depositors to select the most appropriate institutions for cultural heritage preservation. Two classification taxonomies are presented for the data-providers. The taxonomy terms are applied to the members of the network: (1) as a lens by which one may understand metadata quality discrepancies across data-providers; (2) to identify strong and weak areas within the network; and (3) to identify network growth potential in contrast to the historically involved network participants. The developed taxonomies are applicable to cultural heritage networks outside of the set of OLAC data-providers and contribute to broader metadata quality discussions in the Library-Archive-Museum (LAM) community.
Sensitive Intervention Policy Recommendations to Reduce Stunting Rates Based on Spatial Analysis of Sanitary Factors on the Prevalence of Stunting in DKI Jakarta Province in 2021
Authors: Irawati Septiria
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of stunting in children under five and the percentage of proper sanitation, as well as recommendations for priority areas for stunting control interventions in the Province of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta in 2021. This study used a descriptive approach to present an overview of the percentage of sanitation and prevalence of stunting in children under five by sub-district in 38 districts in DKI Jakarta. Data is displayed as a map to show distribution areas based on high, medium, and low categories. An overlay was made between the distribution map of the percentage of sanitation and the prevalence of stunting to determine the areas with the highest risk. Analysis was carried out on the area's characteristics obtained from the spatial mapping results to determine the recommended intervention program policies. Based on the results of the overlay on the distribution of stunting prevalence and sanitation percentage maps, the recommended areas for priority intervention are Tambora, Sawah Besar, Johar Baru, Senen, Menteng, Jatinegara, Tebet, and Mampang Prapatan sub-districts. The recommended program to be carried out is sensitive interventions consisting of improving sanitation facilities and increasing knowledge and perceptions about sanitation. Improving sanitation facilities means increasing access to gooseneck latrines with septic tanks and access to clean water. Increasing knowledge and perception of the importance of sanitation to prevent stunting is carried out intensively and routinely through community activities and optimizing the role of community leaders.
Policy Implementation Analysis of SPM Health Sector for Hypertension Sufferers in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia in 2022
Authors: Dewi Anggi Asri Rusliana
Published: October 2023

Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor that causes disability throughout the world and among those who are not aware of their health condition, it is often referred to as the silent killer . The prevalence rate of hypertension in Indonesia is quite high. Based on Riskesdas (2018), South Kalimantan Province shows the highest prevalence of hypertension, but the percentage of hypertension sufferers who receive health services is still low. Banjarbaru City has the lowest percentage, namely 11.3% of the target of 100%. Health services for hypertension sufferers are included in the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) for the Health Sector which are regulated in statutory regulations and government policies. The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of the SPM policy in the health sector for hypertension sufferers in Banjarbaru City. Qualitative research with a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) research design was conducted from May to June 2023 in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, observation and document review. The results of the research show that the implementation of the hypertension SPM policy has not been optimal, as can be seen from the SPM achievement report in the health sector in Banjarbaru City which is in the lowest position among 12 types of basic health services. In conclusion, several obstacles in the implementation of SPM for hypertension are recording and reporting hypertension sufferers, low public awareness of carrying out examinations and treatment at community health centers so that the data is not recorded, there is no special budget allocation for SPM for hypertension at community health centers, and the dual duties of health workers so that they are not optimal in achieve a program. Cross-sector collaborative efforts are needed for integrated recording and reporting of hypertensive patient data, submission of hypertension SPM budgets, efforts to invite the community, and fair distribution of tasks for community health center officers.
The Effects of Vaccination Against COVID-19 Incidence: Is the current age-priorities appropriate?
Authors: Nugrahari Dian Indah Palupi , Hamdah Nurhanifah
Published: October 2023

Age is an independent risk factor for COVID-19. Thus, the government of Indonesia prioritizes the elderly and adults with significant comorbidities for COVID-19 vaccination. To discover whether this policy is still appropriate, we evaluated the effects of vaccination against the COVID-19 incidence and infection risk.It was a retrospective cohort study of the NAR COVID-19 and Dashboard KPCPEN COVID-19 of the Depok City Health Department. The tests used to analyze the data were the chi-square and logistic regression tests. We discovered that there was a 92.7% total reduction in the COVID-19 infection rate with vaccination. The infection risk for COVID-19 in vaccinated people aged ≥ 60 years was far lower than those who were unvaccinated (RR = 0.10 vs. 1.72). In conclusion, vaccination reduces the transmission of COVID-19 significantly, especially in the ≥ 60 years age group. It affirms that the age priority policy in the vaccination policy is still applicable and does not require any amendments.
Homeodomain proteins hierarchically specify neuronal diversity and synaptic connectivity
Authors: Xu Chundi , Ramos Tyler B , Rogers Edward M , Reiser Michael B , Doe Chris Q
Published: October 2023

How our brain generates diverse neuron types that assemble into precise neural circuits remains unclear. Using Drosophila lamina neuron types (L1-L5), we show that the primary homeodomain transcription factor (HDTF) brain-specific homeobox (Bsh) is initiated in progenitors and maintained in L4/L5 neurons to adulthood. Bsh activates secondary HDTFs Ap (L4) and Pdm3 (L5) and specifies L4/L5 neuronal fates while repressing the HDTF Zfh1 to prevent ectopic L1/L3 fates (control: L1-L5; Bsh-knockdown: L1-L3), thereby generating lamina neuronal diversity for normal visual sensitivity. Subsequently, in L4 neurons, Bsh and Ap function in a feed-forward loop to activate the synapse recognition molecule DIP-β, thereby bridging neuronal fate decision to synaptic connectivity. Expression of a Bsh:Dam, specifically in L4, reveals Bsh binding to the DIP-β locus and additional candidate L4 functional identity genes. We propose that HDTFs function hierarchically to coordinate neuronal molecular identity, circuit formation, and function. Hierarchical HDTFs may represent a conserved mechanism for linking neuronal diversity to circuit assembly and function.
Notch signaling and Bsh homeodomain activity are integrated to diversify Drosophila lamina neuron types
Authors: Xu Chundi , Ramos Tyler B , Marshall Owen J , Doe Chris Q
Published: October 2023

Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway for specifying binary neuronal fates, yet how it specifies different fates in different contexts remains elusive. In our accompanying paper, using the Drosophila lamina neuron types (L1-L5) as a model, we show that the primary homeodomain transcription factor (HDTF) Bsh activates secondary HDTFs Ap (L4) and Pdm3 (L5) and specifies L4/L5 neuronal fates. Here we test the hypothesis that Notch signaling enables Bsh to differentially specify L4 and L5 fates. We show asymmetric Notch signaling between newborn L4 and L5 neurons, but they are not siblings; rather, Notch signaling in L4 is due to Delta expression in adjacent L1 neurons. While Notch signaling and Bsh expression are mutually independent, Notch is necessary and sufficient for Bsh to specify L4 fate over L5. The NotchON L4, compared to NotchOFF L5, has a distinct open chromatin landscape which allows Bsh to bind distinct genomic loci, leading to L4-specific identity gene transcription. We propose a novel model in which Notch signaling is integrated with the primary HDTF activity to diversify neuron types by directly or indirectly generating a distinct open chromatin landscape that constrains the pool of genes that a primary HDTF can activate.
Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons modulate sevoflurane anesthesia and the post-anesthesia stress responses
Authors: Jiang Shan , Chen Lu , Qu Wei-Min , Huang Zhi-Li , Chen Chang-Rui
Published: October 2023

General anesthesia (GA) is an indispensable procedure necessary for safely and compassionately administering a significant number of surgical procedures and invasive diagnostic tests. However, the undesired stress response associated with GA causes delayed recovery and even increased morbidity in the clinic. Here, a core hypothalamic ensemble, corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVHCRH neurons), is discovered to play a role in regulating sevoflurane GA. Chemogenetic activation of these neurons delay the induction of and accelerated emergence from sevoflurane GA, whereas chemogenetic inhibition of PVHCRH neurons accelerates induction and delays awakening. Moreover, optogenetic stimulation of PVHCRH neurons induce rapid cortical activation during both the steady and deep sevoflurane GA state with burst-suppression oscillations. Interestingly, chemogenetic inhibition of PVHCRH neurons relieve the sevoflurane GA-elicited stress response (e.g., excessive self-grooming and elevated corticosterone level). These ﬁndings identify PVHCRH neurons modulate states of anesthesia in sevoflurane GA, being a part of anesthesia regulatory network of sevoflurane.
Conserved regulatory motifs in the juxtamembrane domain and kinase N-lobe revealed through deep mutational scanning of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase domain
Authors: Estevam Gabriella O. , Linossi Edmond M. , Macdonald Christian B. , Espinoza Carla A. , Michaud Jennifer M. , Coyote-Maestas Willow , Collisson Eric A. , Jura Natalia , Fraser James S.
Published: October 2023

MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) responsible for initiating signaling pathways involved in development and wound repair. MET activation relies on ligand binding to the extracellular receptor, which prompts dimerization, intracellular phosphorylation, and recruitment of associated signaling proteins. Mutations, which are predominantly observed clinically in the intracellular juxtamembrane and kinase domains, can disrupt typical MET regulatory mechanisms. Understanding how juxtamembrane variants, such as exon 14 skipping (METΔEx14), and rare kinase domain mutations can increase signaling, often leading to cancer, remains a challenge. Here, we perform a parallel deep mutational scan (DMS) of MET intracellular kinase domain in two fusion protein backgrounds: wild type and METΔEx14. Our comparative approach has revealed a critical hydrophobic interaction between a juxtamembrane segment and the kinase ⍺C helix, pointing to differences in regulatory mechanisms between MET and other RTKs. Additionally, we have uncovered a β5 motif that acts as a structural pivot for kinase domain activation in MET and other TAM family of kinases. We also describe a number of previously unknown activating mutations, aiding the effort to annotate driver, passenger, and drug resistance mutations in the MET kinase domain.
Clinician motivational interviewing skills in ‘simulated’ and ‘real-life’ consultations differ and show predictive validity for ‘real life’ client change talk under differing integrity thresholds
Authors: Bard Alison , Forsberg Lars , Wickström Hans , Emanuelson Ulf , Reyher Kristen , Svensson Catarina
Published: October 2023

Background

Accurate and reliable assessment of clinician integrity in the delivery of empirically supported treatments is critical to effective research and training interventions. Assessment of clinician integrity can be performed through recording simulated (SI) or real-life (RL) consultations, yet research examining the equivalence of these data is in its infancy. To explore the strength of integrity assessment between SI and RL samples in Motivational Interviewing (MI) consultations, this article examines whether Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (MITI) assessments differ between SI and RL consultations and reviews the predictive validity of SI and RL MI skills categorisations for RL client response language.

Methods

This study first compared MITI coding obtained in SI and RL consultations for 36 veterinary clinicians. Multilevel models of 10 MITI behaviour counts and four MITI global scores were run using MLwiN 3.02 to assess if a significant difference existed between SI and RL MITI data, with consultation within clinician within cohort (A and B) as nested random effects. Second, we investigated the effect of SI and RL MI skills groupings on rate of RL client response talk using three multivariable regression models. Two Poisson regression models, with random intercepts for farm and veterinarian and offset for number of minutes of the recordings, were estimated in the statistical software R using the package glmmTMB for the two response variables Change Talk and Sustain Talk. A logistic regression model, with the same random intercepts, with the response variable Proportion Change Talk was also estimated using the same package.

Results

Veterinary clinicians were less MI consistent in RL consultations, evidenced through significantly lower global MITI Cultivating Change Talk (p < 0.001), Partnership (p < 0.001) and Empathy (p = 0.003) measures. Despite lower objective MI skills groupings in RL consultations, ranking order of veterinary clinicians by MI skills was similar between contexts. The predictive validity of SI and RL MI skills groupings for RL client Change Talk was therefore similar, with significantly more RL client Change Talk associated with veterinarians categorised in the highest grouping (‘moderate’) in both SI (p = 0.01) and RL (p = 0.02) compared to untrained veterinarians in each respective context.

Conclusions

Findings suggest SI and RL data may not be interchangeable. Whilst both data offer useful insights for specific research and training purposes, differing contextual MI skills thresholds may offer a more equitable assessment of clinician RL client-facing MI integrity. Further research is needed to explore the applicability of these findings across health contexts.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A MECHANISM FOR ATTRACTING INVESTMENT IN THE HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SPHERE
Authors: KONYEV Anna , DOLGALOVA Olena
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is the selection and use of effective forms of public-private partnerships as a mechanism to attract investment in housing and communal sphere.

The object of the study is the sector of housing and communal services. The subject of the study is a set of organizational and economic relations arising in the process of public--private partnership in the field of housing and communal services.

In solving the problems of the study there were used dialectical methods (analysis and synthesis, detailing and generalization, analogy, and modeling), as well as economic and statistical methods, methods of expert evaluations, observation.

The article considers public-private partnership as a tool to attract investment in the sector of housing and communal services. The features of forms of public-private partnerships, as well as the benefits and risks for local governments and private businesses in housing and communal services. It was found that the use of effective forms of public-private partnerships will reduce the risks of investment private business and improve the level and quality of service of public utilities. The authors propose the use of effective forms of public-private partnership, which will reduce the risks of private business investment and improve the level and quality of public services in the housing and utilities sector.
Exploring the Link of Action to Justice: A Review
Authors: Ansari Mahmood
Published: October 2023

The write-up attempts to develop a conceptual and theoretical framework on the theme of human action, and successively links it with the actions of justice as a subset of a plethora of actions called governance in a nation. It is devoted to a survey of interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary literature on private and public human conducts. Such a survey is warranted so as to elaborate the assertion to the effect that uprightness and justice are actions – the effectuations of enterprises of the human executions.

There are conceptualisations of justice and theoretical approaches to it. The thinking, deliberations and making of judgements and policy are but antecedent and precedent to justice, and not as such justice as it is the act and doing of uprightness and propriety that constitute justice proper. Both doing and undoing are human actions and conducts in the society. To act towards the action of uprightness and fairness is to accomplish a set of valued hybrid accomplishments and performances in terms of doing and undoing of something that is valued morally, equitably and legitimately by all.

The narrative of the paper begins with the literature on the themes of ordinary human action in general and other specific practices in particular. It is argued that an act of propriety and equity is at the least the specific ordinary, moral, egalitarian and legitimate deeds and accomplishments of the citizenry and public functionaries of the government. The paper concludes that these are such conducts and action-endeavours that constitute justice.
Menopause-Related Domestic Violence in Bangladesh and Its Associated Factors
Authors: Rana Md. Azim , Islam Sazin , Akter Sharmin , Naher Mst. Shamsun , Islam Md. Shariful , Mukta Sonia Afroz , Rikta Sadia Afroz
Published: October 2023

Background: Menopause, a natural physiological transition, has been associated with various health and psychosocial challenges. This study aimed to explore the association between menopausal symptoms and the occurrence of domestic violence in Bangladesh, considering a range of socio-economic and demographic determinants.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 Bangladeshi women aged 40-60. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, and the severity of menopausal symptoms was categorized as low, moderate, and severe. Chi-Square tests were utilized to establish associations.

Results: Women with severe menopausal symptoms reported the highest occurrence of domestic violence at 58%. Emotional and psychological violence was most prevalent at 55%, followed by physical violence at 42%, economic deprivation at 28%, and sexual violence at 14%.

Conclusion: The study underscores the pressing need for comprehensive interventions to address domestic violence against menopausal women in Bangladesh. A holistic approach, encompassing medical, psychological, socio-economic, and educational strategies, is crucial for effective mitigation.
Risk Preference Responses to Fertilizer Expenditures: A Case of Maize Smallholder Farmers in Iringa and Arusha Regions in Tanzania
Authors: Mwaijande V. J.  , Msinde J. V. , Akyoo A. M. , Mushongi A. A.
Published: October 2023

Initiatives have been tested to improve usage and expenditures on inorganic fertilizers; most did not yield the expected results, particularly in highly maize-growing highlands. This study evaluates the usage of inorganic fertilizers and the influence of maize farmers’ risk preferences on expenditure in inorganic fertilizers in the Iringa and Arusha regions. Data were adopted from an Agronomic Panel Survey (APS) from 129 maize farmers’ household heads (HHs), randomly selected within a spatial sampling frame in the maize-growing regions of the Southern and Northern highlands of Tanzania. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Tobit model. Results revealed that the majority of maize farmers (64%) did not apply inorganic fertilizers on maize plots. Results further showed statistical significance for the Arusha region (p<0.001), non-schooling (p<0.05), primary education (0.01), ordinary secondary education (p<0.05), number of plots (p<0.05) and size of the maize plot (p<0.001) in predicting inorganic fertilizer expenditures when Tobit model was estimated. Nevertheless, risk-preferred maize farmers statistically influenced fertilizer expenditure when both highlands were included. The study recommends a model comprising risk preferences, geographical factors, and household characteristics in studying farmers’ decisions on expenditure of inorganic fertilizers in respective regions and districts to uncover the location specificity and improve maize production.
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Batch-Type Waste Fired Dryer for Cocoa
Authors: Mohammed Afnan , Binny Albin , Meharin Aysha , Lal Mariya , Rajesh G. K.  , Shahama K.  , Anjaly M. G.
Published: October 2023

The project work depicts the development and performance evaluation of a batch-type waste-fired dryer for cocoa. Drying is an important step in the postharvest processing of cocoa beans. A batch-type waste-fired dryer was developed and its evaluation was conducted at three different temperaturesviz., 50℃, 60℃ and 70℃. The capacity of the dryer was found to be 12 kg. The optimization of drying temperature was done based on the physico-chemical quality of the dried cocoa beans i.e. free fatty content. Based on the results, it was understood that the cocoa beans dried at 50°C were found to be superior among the other treatments. The combustion efficiency and energy requirement of the dryer were found to be 24.61% and 83.68 MJ respectively.
Performance Evaluation of Tractor Mounted Axial Flow Mist Blower Sprayer
Authors: Kharade U. S.  , Tekale D. D.  , Rathod P. D.
Published: October 2023

The performance evaluation between existing blower B, C and developed blower A was conducted at Pimpalgaon (Basawant) Dist - Nasik. blower A gave more velocity, discharge at 2260 rpm. Blower efficiency was maximum at 2260 rpm. Corresponding values were 31.62 m/sec, 1.79 m3/sec and efficiency 22.75 per cent respectively, whereas power required to run the blower was 7.32 kW for which 18 hp tractor can be used to operate it in the field. This blower is suitable for spraying grape and pomegranate crop. The maximum blower efficiency was observed in developed blower ‘A’ compared to blower ‘B’ 22.58 per cent and ‘C’ 17.65 per cent. Laboratory studies revealed that the blower ‘A’ having low efficiency 22.75% leading to develop the blower with more efficiency. Field performance studies of developed blower ‘A’ indicated that proper spray deposition and penetration could be obtained at travel speed of 3 kmph and system pressure of 15 bars. The laboratory studies revealed that blower of type A is suitable for grape vineyards and pomegranate orchard. Blower A should be operated at rotational speed of 2260 rpm at system pressure of 15 N/m2 with tractor forward speed of 3kmph for both crops.
Effect of Row Spacing and Nitrogen Sources on Growth, Yield and Economics of Babycorn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Sharma Avni , Choudhary Kartikeya , Bochalya Ranjeet Singh
Published: October 2023

The greater challenges of the 21st century is affordably meeting nutritious food demand for a world population which were expected to surpass 9.6 billion people at middle of the century and at the same time sustaining a quality and quantity of a natural resources and biodiversity. Coming to the reality a need of urgent attention for technological innovations in a sector of food production ultimately leading for “greater protein and energy production per unit of resource input”. Therefore, a field experimented was conducted at Chamelti Agriculture Farm, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan during kharif season of 2022 to study the effect of row spacing and nitrogen sources on growth, yield and economics of babycorn. The results reveals that significantly higher growth and yield attributing characters were observed with wider spacing of (R3) 60 cm and (N4) nano urea. However, higher yield and economic returns were significantly higher with row spacing of (R2) 45 cm along with (N4) nano urea. On the basis of B: C ratio, row spacing of (R2) 45 cm along with (N4) nano urea was found to be remunerative for baby corn under Mid hills of Himachal Pradesh.
Inflammasome Activation and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in COVID-19 Severity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fermino Bárbara Luisa , Ivanski Fernanda , Gabriel Katiuscia de Oliveira Francisco , Chao Bárbara Mendes Paz , Nascimento Marcieli Borba do , Carraro Emerson , Figueiredo David Livingstone Alves
Published: October 2023

Introduction: In recent decades, three significant coronaviruses have posed threats to public health: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and in December 2019, a novel SARS-CoV-2 type coronavirus was reported in patients with viral pneumonia in Wuhan province. It was later named COVID-19 in March 2020 when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 infections primarily manifest as respiratory illnesses leading to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). There is hyperactivation of the inflammatory response that results in increased production of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin IL-1β, and its downstream molecule IL-6, which serves as an aggravating factor of this disease. The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex involved in caspase-1 activation that leads to IL-1β activation in various diseases and infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 infection, and in different tissues.

Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the mechanism of inflammasome activation by SARS-CoV-2 infection, the role of the inflammasome in ARDS, and other potential mechanisms of inflammasome involvement in the severity of pathogenesis in patients with COVID-19. We conducted searches in the following databases: PubMed, LitCovid, MedRxiv, and ScienceDirec, in addition to manually searching for key materials.

Results: A total of 101 references were included. Regarding general characteristics, 57.7% were directly related to COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2; 7.7% addressed aspects of the pandemic, including discussions about social aspects, and 34.6% covered general theoretical aspects related to the subjects included in this review.

Conclusion: This review highlights the inflammasome in interfering with different aspects associated with SARS-CoV-2. The simultaneous activation of inflammasomes and the inhibition of negative regulatory mechanisms that suppress them can lead to severe uncontrolled inflammation.
Taxation and Entrepreneurship: Panel Data Evidence from SAARC Countries
Authors: Shifaniya A. J. F. , Vidanage Thushari N.
Published: October 2023

Entrepreneurship plays a vital role in the economy; there is no well-established evidence on how taxes affect start-up activity in SAARC countries. We examine the effects of the personal income tax rate on self-employment using the annual time series data from the SAARC countries for the period 2015 to 2019. According to the differenced-GMM model developed by Arellano and Bond [1], the personal income tax rate has a statistically significant and negative impact on self-employment rate. The result shows that a one percentage point increase in the personal income tax rate is associated with a 0.03 percentage point decrease in the self-employment rate, while other variables being constant. The results confirm that the negative incentive effect dominates the causation between personal tax rate and self-employment for this panel. This suggests that in SAARC countries, there is still a negative correlation between personal income tax rates and entrepreneurship. According to the Robustness tests, an increase in the personal income tax rate discourages entrepreneurship as measured by the number of new limited liability companies and business density rate, two alternative measures of entrepreneurship. An important implication of our result is that a reduction in personal income tax rate encourages self- employment. Our findings are significant in designing the tax policy in SAARC countries. Removing tax barriers for entrepreneurs would boost the dynamic of SAARC countries while also making the tax structure more neutral, efficient, and simple for all taxpayers.
Consumer perception, knowledge, and uses of cannabidiol
Authors: Nguyen Cambrey , Moeller Karen E. , McGuire Michael , Melton Brittany L.
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The legalization of cannabidiol (CBD) across the United States, in varying degrees, has made CBD easily accessible to consumers for complementary and medical purposes. However, there is a paucity of scientific evidence on the benefits and risks of commercially available CBD. In the literature, 2 studies have gathered consumer perceptions and attitudes on cannabis products, specifically CBD, using survey-based questionnaires. This study aimed to build on the aforementioned studies in obtaining consumer perception and knowledge of CBD products using a national survey-based questionnaire.

Methods

Respondents were recruited through an anonymous, nationwide, online survey administered through Qualtrics in the United States from March 28 to April 30, 2021. The survey consisted of demographics, perceived efficacy and safety of CBD, and resources to obtain CBD information. The survey responses were reported using descriptive statistics along with median and interquartile range for the Likert portion.

Results

A total of 1158 respondents accessed the survey. The median age was 43 and 50% of respondents were female. The uses for CBD included neurological disorders, pulmonary conditions, gastrointestinal disorders, and chronic pain. The most commonly reported safety concern related to taking CBD was anxiety. Participants agreed that CBD is safe when used responsibly for medical use, and social media was the main source used to obtain information about CBD.

Discussion

Respondents who used CBD for a condition thought it was helpful; however, most of the adverse effects were rated as moderate to severe, requiring medical attention from a health care professional, hospital, or emergency room visit.
Impact of Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists on improving urinary tract infection antibiotic appropriateness at an acute psychiatric hospital
Authors: Hamad Mohammad Adam , Williams Andrew , Kneebusch Jamie , Butala Niyati
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common indications for antibiotic use; patients with psychiatric disorders have a greater risk for UTI compared with patients without these disorders. However, there is little guidance on how best to manage antibiotic therapy in psychiatric hospitals. This study assessed the impact of a Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist (BCPP)–driven guideline on managing UTI treatment in an acute psychiatric hospital.

Methods

The guideline was developed by the psychiatric pharmacy team and distributed to internists, psychiatrists, and pharmacists. Preintervention data were assessed for patients admitted between November 30, 2019, and February 23, 2020; postintervention data were assessed from February 25, 2020, to April 24, 2020. All patients ages 13 years and older who were admitted and had orders for an antibiotic to treat a UTI were included in this study. Appropriate UTI management was defined as an appropriate agent, dose, route, and frequency per the treatment guideline. Additionally, the following criteria were to be ordered and assessed to be deemed appropriate: urinalysis, urine culture, complete blood count, basic or complete metabolic panel, temperature, and subjective symptoms.

Results

Before intervention, 19.0% of antibiotic orders were appropriate; after intervention, 46.7% of antibiotic orders were appropriate (P = .048).

Conclusion

The implementation of a BCPP-driven treatment algorithm was associated with a significant increase in appropriate antibiotic regimens for the treatment of UTIs in patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital.
Intranasal ketamine as a treatment for psychiatric complications of long COVID: A case report
Authors: Baldwin Kaitlyn , Wanson Annabelle , Gilecki Lee-Anne , Dalton Courtney , Peters Evyn , Halpape Katelyn
Published: October 2023

Background

Neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with long COVID are a growing concern. A proposed pathophysiology is increased inflammatory mediators. There is evidence that typical serotonergic antidepressants have limited efficacy in the presence of inflammation. Although ketamine has shown promise in MDD, there is limited evidence supporting the use of ketamine to treat depressive symptoms associated with long COVID.

Case Report

This case took place on an inpatient psychiatry unit in a Canadian hospital. The patient was admitted with a 10-month history of worsening depression and suicidality following infection with COVID-19. Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation were assessed throughout treatment using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Written informed consent was obtained prior to data collection. This patient received 4 doses of intranasal ketamine which resulted in rapid improvement of depressive symptoms and complete resolution of suicidality with no major adverse events.

Discussion

There is evidence to support long COVID symptoms result from dysregulated inflammatory processes. The presence of inflammation in patients with MDD has correlated to poor outcomes with first-line antidepressants. It has been demonstrated that IV ketamine is associated with decreased inflammatory mediators and proportional decrease in depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

Intranasal ketamine in this case was effective at treating depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation associated with long COVID. This is consistent with available data that demonstrates ketamine's efficacy in reducing inflammatory mediators associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Therefore, ketamine may be a potential therapeutic option to treat long COVID and persistent depressive symptoms.