bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Birds to Bovine: A Review and Critical Analysis of the Outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b in the United States
Authors: Jahid Mohammad Jawad , Nolting Jacqueline M
Published: January 2025

In late 2021, Eurasian-lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses from HA clade 2.3.4.4b were first detected in the United States, marking a significant milestone in their global spread. . These viruses have caused severe morbidity and mortality in poultry and have been found in various wild birds, mammals, and even dairy herds, leading to decreased milk productiondetected in numerous wild and domestic animals, including cows and humans. Notably, Infected infected cows transmitted the virus to cats, causing neurological symptomsextreme pathogenicity and death and recently, a pig cohabiting with poultry tested positive. While human-to-human spread of the virus has not been recorded, efficient transmission of the bovine-origin virus has also led to extreme pathogenicity and death in ferrets’ models. Recently, markers in PB2 (E627K) and HA (E186D, Q222H), indicating mammalian adaptation mutations, were detected in a patient manifesting critical illness in Canada. These, combined by instances of interspecies spread of the virus, Though the virus poses minimal risk to the general population, as no mammalian adaptation mutations or evidence of human-to-human transmission have been detected, instances of interspecies transmission have raised global public health concerns. These include cases where the virus spread from poultry and cows to humans, with respiratory transmission observed in bovine-origin viruses. This could highlights the potential for the virus to successfully adapt to mammals, posing a serious risk of a global outbreak. A One Health approach is, thereby, necessary to monitor and control the outbreak. This review aims to analyze the epidemiology, transmission, and ecological impacts of HPAI A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b in the U.S., identify knowledge gaps, and inform strategies for effective outbreak management and mitigation.
Patterns of Comorbidities Selectively Impact on In-Hospital Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Murru Veronica , Belfiori Elena , Sestu Alessandro , Casanova Andrea , Scuteri Angelo
Published: January 2025

Cardiac and non-cardiac co-morbidities are highly prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF). The aim of the present study was to describe their selective impact on in-hospital outcomes (length of hospitalization and mortality) of HF patients hospitalized in an Internal Medicine Unit, Methods Between January 2017 and December 2022, 12435 (6146 F, 6289 M) inpatient were hospitalized in our Internal Medicine Unit. HF was defined according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) version 9 codes 428, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91, 404.11, 404.13, 404.91, 404.93. Patients were classified by burden of overall, cardiac, and of non-cardiac comorbidities (0, 1, 2, 3+). Multivariable regression models were used to assess associations between comorbidity burden and length of stay (linear regression) or in-hospital mortality (logistic regression). Results HF patients (1481, or 11.9% of all hospitalization during observation period) had on average 1.6 comorbidity number. Increasing number of comorbidities was associated with longer duration of hospitalization and mortality. Non-cardiac, but not cardiac, comorbidities were associated with significantly higher length of stay (beta coefficient 2.86 ±0.27) and in-hospital mortality (OR 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60–2.23; p <0.0001). Conclusions Cardiac and non-cardiac comorbidities differentially impact on in-hospital outcomes of older HF patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine unit. Their more precise management will allow a reduction of avoidable hospitalization in HF patients.
Studies of the Microbiological Quality of Nodipecten nodosus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Water from Farms for Human Consumption in Angra Dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Santos Antonia Lucia , De-Simone Salvatore Giovanni , Carvalho Guilherme Silva Lourenço , Fernandes Kayo Cesar Bianco , Clementino Maysa Beatriz Mandetta
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a novel study on the microbial diversity of Nodipecten nodosus in aquaculture waters and its production. The Lion’s paw scallop (Nodipecten nodosus) is the most economically relevant organism, highly farmed in southeastern Brazil. However, the microbiological contamination of these animals can make their consumption unfeasible. This study assessed the bacterial diversity of Lion’s paw scallop gill arch tissues and the surrounding water of a scallop farm in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The isolates (n = 216) were submitted to MALDI-TOF MS identification. Susceptibility to antimicrobials and the ability to produce carbapenems were analyzed by disk diffusion. Studies with isolates of Pseudomonas putida exhibited the highest percentage of resistance to ciprofloxin (42%). All Pseudomonas putida isolates were sensitive to meropenem. Vibrio alginolyticos and Vibrio fluvialis exhibited greater resistance to meropenem. The presence of resistant Vibrio spp. and Pseudomonas spp. and potentially pathogenic bacteria in the analyzed waters and gill arch tissues highlights potential antimicrobial resistance reservoirs, suggesting public health risks regarding bathing in the waters and consuming Lion's paw scallops from the analyzed farm.
A Contribution to the Conceptual Model of Occurrence of Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Katsifarakis Konstantinos L
Published: January 2025

In this paper, an attempt is made to shed additional light on the role of infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, etc.) in autoimmune diseases. While the correlation between them is well established, many points remain obscure.
To offer a concise framework for many of the relevant research findings, the following conceptual model is discussed: autoimmune diseases are due to alterations of cells, tissues or organs, which are caused by infectious agents. These alterations evolve with time. Initially they are small and hardly detectable. As they become more severe, though, they are traced, and the infected cells are subsequently attacked by the immune system.
The aforementioned process allows for new explanations of the relationship between triggers of autoimmunity and infectious agents, of the time lag between infection and autoimmune response and of the progressive nature of autoimmune diseases. It can also offer a new point of view of molecular mimicry and of epitope spreading. The roles of genetic predisposition, stress, diet habits and lifestyle fit in its framework, as well. Side effects of malignancy treatments using immune checkpoint inhibitors can also be explained.
A conclusion of the aforementioned reasoning is that treatments should aim to completely eliminate the cause of these evolving alterations, namely the infectious agents. Presumably, they could be based on antibiotics and antiviral drugs.
Τo check the validity of the proposed conceptual model, research directions are suggested in the last section of the paper.
Immersive Extended Reality (I-XR) in Medical and Nursing Education: A Systematic Review and Pedagogical Directives
Authors: Fugate Jennifer Marie Binzak , Tonsanger Michaela J , Macrine Sheila L
Published: January 2025

Simulation has evolved from basic practice to Immersive Extended Reality (I-XR). This systematic review examined 56 published studies on the impact of I-XR, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), on the education of medical and nursing students, specifically their skill competency and knowledge acquisition. The results demonstrate the significant potential of I-XR in healthcare education, with 42.5% of VR studies, 42.9% of AR studies, and the single MR study also demonstrating greater improvements in clinical skills and knowledge acquisition compared to non-I-XR training conditions. In contrast, only 2.5% of VR studies and 7.14% of AR studies favored non-I-XR methods. It is important, however, to acknowledge the 26.8% of studies that showed mixed results (some evidence for the I-XR methods on some outcomes, but also some evidence for the non-immersive (non-I-XR) methods, on other outcomes). Notably, the review also identified a critical gap in the theoretical foundations of I-XR learning, highlighting an urgent need for research to inform the effective pedagogical implementation of these powerful tools.
Balanced Teams Formation using Hybrid Graph Convolution Networks and MILP
Authors: Sharaf Mohamed A. , Alghamdi Turki G.
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we propose a novel model that is based on a hybrid paradigm composed of graph convolution network and Integer Programming solver. The model utilizes the potential of graph neural networks that have the ability to capture complex relationships and preferences among nodes. As the graph neural network forms node embeddings that are fed as input to the next layer of the model, the introduced MILP solver works to solve the team formation problem. Eventually, the experimental work shows that the outcome of the model is balanced teams.
Aging Favors Calcium Activation of Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) Channels from Brain Cortex and Hippocampus and Hinders Learning and Memory in Male Rats
Authors: More Jamileth , Finkelstein José Pablo , Valdés José Luis , Hidalgo Cecilia , Bull Ricardo
Published: January 2025

The response of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels to increases in cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]) is tuned by several mechanisms, including redox signaling. Three different responses to [Ca2+] have been described in RyR channels, low, moderate and high activity responses, which depend on RyR channel protein oxidation state. Thus, reduced RyR channels display the low activity response, whereas partially oxidized channels display the moderate response and more oxidized channels, the high activity response. As described here, RyR channels from rat brain cortex or hippocampus displayed aged-related marked changes in the distribution of these channel responses; RyR channels from aged rats displayed reduced fraction of low activity channels and increased fraction of high activity channels, which would favor Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release. In addition, compared with young rats, aged rats displayed learning and memory defects, with lower hit rates when tested in the Oasis maze, a dry version of the Morris water maze. Previous oral administration of N-acetylcysteine for 3 weeks prevented both the age-dependent effects on RyR channel activation by [Ca2+] and the learning and memory defects. We propose that redox-sensitive neuronal RyR channels partake in the mechanism underlying the learning and memory disruptions displayed by aged rats.
Disability, PTSD, and Socio-Economic Complications Among Road Traffic Accident Victims in West Bengal, India: A 6-Month Follow-Up Study
Authors: Pattanayak Shalini , Dutta Sinjita , Mitra Amal K. , Naskar Somnath , Swaika Sarbari , Basu Mausumi
Published: January 2025

Background: Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are considered as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Even minor to moderate injuries sustained in RTAs may have a long-term impact on physical health and psychosocial outcomes. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the immediate and short-term physical and psychosocial complications among RTA victims admitted to the Level I Trauma Care Center of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal. Materials and methods: A longitudinal study was conducted for 24 months among 52 hospitalized RTA victims, aged ≥ 18 years, followed up at 1-, 3- and 6 months post-discharge from the hospital. Validated measurement scales were used to assess disabilities, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) status, and social- and economic impacts. Results: Mean (± SD) age of the RTA victims was 31.3 (± 12.9) years. Of the 52 RTA victims, 81% suffered a fracture, mostly comminuted in nature, and 33% had head injuries. 96% of participants who rode a two-wheeler did not use helmets at the time of RTA, and only 1 (8.3%) reportedly used seatbelts while driving a vehicle. The level of disability was low in the 6-months of follow-up. However, PTSD was present in 87%, 94% and 60% of patients after 1 month (1st visit), 3 months (2nd visit) and 6 months (3rd visit) of follow-up, respectively. Head injury was significantly associated with PTSD severity at the 1st (p = 0.01) and the 3rd follow-up (p = 0.007). The socioeconomic impact following RTA was ‘low’ among 33% at the 2nd follow-up, while it was ‘high’ among 85% at the 3rd follow-up. Conclusion: RTAs can lead to physical, psychosocial, and financial complications. Rigorous law enforcement and public awareness building for safe driving and seatbelt use are essential to prevent RTA and associated complications.
The Predictive Role of microRNA 142–5p, microRNA 182–3p, and microRNA 99a-3p in Disease-Free Survival and Overall Survival in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy and Radical Surgery
Authors: Kokaine Linda , Daneberga Zanda , Šatcs Mihails , Zvina Daniella , Naļivaiko Inga , Nazarovs Jurijs , Gardovskis Andris , Nakazawa-Miklaševiča Miki , Miklaševičs Edvīns
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are likely to play a significant role in the prediction of rectal cancer response to chemoradiation therapy, offering insights that complement other biological tumour markers. The study aimed to perform miRNA profiling in rectal cancer tissues in patients with good (GR) and bad response (BR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT), select the potentially clinically relevant ones, and further evaluate their relationship with subsequent disease outcomes and survival prognosis. Methods: A total of 40 selected patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received nCRT and following surgical treatment in the period from 2016 to 2021 were involved. Two study groups were created – GR and BR according to the Dworak tumour regression grading (TRG) system. The identification of 752 miRNAs was conducted in rectal cancer tissue. Results: Six upregulated miRNAs were set as clinically significant within the selected samples and subsequently validated in the BR and GR groups. MiR-142-5p, miR-182-3p, and miR-99a-3p exhibited statistical significance in validation. The results showed that BR to nCRT, lower expression of miRNA-142-5p and miR-99a-3p, and higher expression of miR-182-3p were associated with a trend toward worse local recurrence-free survival, distant metastases-free survival, and overall survival in comparison to GR. Conclusion: MiRNAs may potentially serve as clinical biomarkers in prediction of disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with rectal cancer.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanolik Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) Terhadap Tingkat Maturasi Sel Sperma pada Testis Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Model Sindrom Metabolik Terinduksi
Authors: Nadzifah Nur Firdaus  , Setiawan Novan Adi , Budiani Dyah Ratna , Riza Novierta Pesik
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan: Sindrom metabolik memunculkan gangguan spermatogenesis, akibat adanya peningkatan ROS. Peningkatan ROS mengganggu maturasi sel sperma. Ekstrak etanolik daun lidah buaya memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanolik daun lidah buaya (Aloe vera) terhadap tingkat maturasi sel sperma menggunakan Johnson score.
Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Dua puluh lima tikus Wistar jantan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok sebanyak 5 tikus. K1-kelompok kontrol, K2-kelompok sindrom metabolik, K3, K4, dan K5 adalah kelompok tikus dengan sindrom metabolik yang diberi ekstrak etanolik daun lidah buaya dosis 200, 250, dan 300 mg/KgBB/hari. Penghitungan Johnson score menggunakan perparat histopatologi dengan pengecatan Hematoxilin Eosin (HE) setelah terminasi pada hari ke-57. Analisis data menggunakan uji one-way ANOVA, dilanjutkan dengan uji post-hoc Tukey HSD, dan uji korelasi Pearson, untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dosis ekstrak etanolik Aloe vera dengan tingkat maturasi sperma.
Hasil:. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi Pearson’s kenaikan Johnson score (tingkat maturasi sel sperma) sejalan dengan peningkatan dosis ekstrak etanolik daun lidah buaya dengan R2= 0,783. Hasil uji beda one-way ANOVA terdapat perbedaan antar kelompok p<0,05. Uji post-hoc Tukey HSD K1 secara signifikan berbeda dengan K2. K1 tidak berbeda dengan kelompok K3, K4 dan K5. K2 secara signifikan berbeda dengan K3,K4 dan K5. Rata-rata skor Johnson K1 9,92 0,05, K2 7,04±1,49, K3 8,93 0,76, K4 9,50 0,23, dan K5 9,56 0,53.
Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak etanolik daun lidah buaya (Aloe vera) dosis 200 mg/KgBB/hari, 250 mg/KgBB/hari dan 300 mg/KgBB/hari berpengaruh positif terhadap maturasi sperma tikus Wistar model sindrom metabolik.
Peran Etos Kerja Islami dalam mendorong Agilitas Karyawan
Authors: Archianti Puti Archianti , Yolanda Margenseka , Satwika Pratista Arya
Published: January 2025

Agilitas dalam dunia kerja merujuk pada kemampuan individu untuk beradaptasi dengan cepat terhadap perubahan, belajar dari pengalaman, dan menerapkan pengetahuan baru dalam berbagai situasi. Pada konteks organisasi modern, agilitas menjadi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan maupun kinerja organisasi secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Etos Kerja Islami terhadap agilitas karyawan. Menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, penelitian ini melibatkan 166 responden karyawan rumah sakit yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data diambil menggunakan skala Islamic Work Ethic Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Ali (1988) dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,957, dan Workforce Agility Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Alavi (2016) dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,807. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa Etos Kerja Islami berkontribusi secara signifikan dan positif terhadap agilitas karyawan sebesar 49,3%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi Etos Kerja Islami yang dimiliki oleh karyawan, semakin tinggi pula agilitas kerja mereka. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoritis mengenai pentingnya organisasi, khususnya di sektor kesehatan untuk mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Etos Kerja Islami dalam budaya mereka.
Analisis Bibliometrik Konsumsi Makanan dan Minuman Manis : Faktor Risiko dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kesehatan Anak
Authors: Tsania Richa Fadhila , Argaheni Niken Bayu
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan : Konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan, terutama bagi anak-anak, yang berkontribusi pada obesitas, karies gigi, dan masalah kesehatan lainnya. Analisis bibliometrik ini meneliti tren penelitian dan kontribusi terkait dampak konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis terhadap kesehatan anak-anak dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023. Keterbaruan studi ini yaitu pendekatan yang komprehensif dalam menganalisis penelitian. Dengan mengungkap tren penelitian dan isu kesehatan yang saling terkait, analisis ini memberikan wawasan penting serta mengidentifikasi area penelitian yang perlu dieksplorasi lebih lanjut.
Metode: Menggunakan database Scopus, kami menganalisis artikel yang diterbitkan antara 2019 dan 2023 dengan kata kunci “sweet AND foods OR sugary AND beverages AND children's AND health” Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel asli, berbahasa Inggris, dan akses terbuka. VOSviewer digunakan untuk visualisasi.
Hasil: Kami mengidentifikasi 113 artikel yang relevan, dengan puncak publikasi pada tahun 2021 dan  2022 yang dipengaruhi oleh meningkatnya dampak pandemi covid-19, sementara penurunan publikasi artikel pada tahun 2023 disebabkan karena pergeseran tren topik penelitian. Analisis menunjukkan Amerika memiliki publikasi terbanyak selama 5 tahun terakhir. Kata kunci berfokus pada perilaku diet, hasil kesehatan, dan faktor resiko pada lima tahun terakhir.  
Kesimpulan: Analisis ini menyoroti peningkatan penelitian tentang dampak kesehatan dari makanan manis pada anak-anak, yang didominasi oleh negara-negara berpenghasilan tinggi dengan kontribusi yang signifikan dari negara lain. Pendekatan multidisipliner sangat penting untuk mengatasi dampak diet yang kompleks pada kesehatan anak-anak, dengan menekankan kolaborasi penelitian global dan intervensi kebijakan.
Several topological indices and entropies for certain families of commutative graphs over Quaternion groups
Authors: Ali Shahbaz , Mahmood Muhammad Khalid , Ghaffar Sobia
Published: January 2025

A group graph is a type of graph formed by combining a group, usually a finite group, with a generating set for that group. Group graphs are employed in various mathematical situations, including algebraic and computational group theory. A graph G is known as a commutative graph if the vertex set of G is a group and two elements are adjacent to each other if they are commuting to each other. In this work, we consider the family of commutative graphs over Quaternion groups. The edge partition mappings related to the degree of each vertex of the graph G are computed. Further, we established many results on various kinds of topological indices and entropies by using M-polynomials. The numerical comparison among computed topological indices has been proposed.
Efficient estimation of the population variance using a novel optional scrambling model
Authors: Azeem Muhammad , Salam Abdul , Cheema Ammara , Basit Abdul
Published: January 2025

In the past few years, survey researchers have developed variance estimators of sensitive variables under randomized response techniques. \textcolor{black}{ The available variance estimators utilize linear scrambling models in which all of the survey participants are forced to scramble their responses and thus hide their true responses. In practice, some of the respondents may have no problem in reporting their true response to the researcher. The current study finds that using a true response option produces more efficient estimates of population variance compared to a linear scrambling model.} Additionally, we also suggest a new variance estimator of a sensitive variable of interest and analyze its algebraic properties using an auxiliary variable. We also conduct a simulation study to show the improvement over the existing estimators of the population variance.
Improved estimator for estimation of population mean using predictive approach under PPS sampling
Authors: Khan Sajid , Farooq Muhammad , Ahmad Sohaib , Khan Sardar
Published: January 2025

In this study, we apply a predictive approach to the problem of finding new estimators for the estimation of finite population mean using auxiliary variable under probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling. This work is deemed novel due to the fact that, as far as we are aware, no one has before investigated the predictive approach to estimating the finite population mean under probability proportional to size sampling. The expressions for the bias and mean square error (MSE) are derived up to the first order. In order to verify the theoretical results, numerical and simulation investigations are conducted respectively. Based on the numerical result, it is shown that the suggested estimator performs well in terms of minimum MSE and higher percentage relative efficiency (PRE). The conditions under which the suggested estimator is more efficient than the other estimators are described numerically.
Improving Efficiency of Finite Population Distribution Function Using Twofold Auxiliary Information Based on Simple Random Sampling
Authors: Junaid Muhammad , Manzoor Sadaf , Ali Amjid , Mustafa Manahil SidAhmed , Ahmad Sohaib , Hussain Sardar
Published: January 2025

The main purpose of this article has been suggested two modified ratio type estimators for estimation of finite population distribution function using auxiliary information under simple random sampling. Mathematical expressions such as Mean Square Error (MSE) and Bias are examined up to the first order approximation for all considered estimators in this article. For the ideal value of the kappa constant (K), the minimum MSE value for the recommended estimators has been found. Five actual data sets have been carried out to check the precision of the suggested estimators. The suggested estimators found to be superior and more efficient than the existing estimators for population distribution function. The theoretical and empirical comparisons are also conducted. Hypothetically, the proposed estimators perform better than the existing estimators.
PEMBUATAN PAVING BLOCK BERONGGA MENGGUNAKAN AGREGAT BERGRADASI SERAGAM
Authors: Mulyati Mulyati , Misbah Misbah , Aryf Prasetyo Dymas
Published: January 2025

Paving block berongga adalah jenis bata beton (paving block) yang dirancang dengan lubang-lubang atau celah pada bagian dalamnya yang menjadi jalur resapan air ke dalam tanah, sehingga membantu mengurangi genangan air dan mendukung sistem drainase alami.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai kuat tekan dan memaksimalkan laju infiltrasi paving block berlobang menggunakan agregat bergradasi seragam. Agregat kasar yang digunakan adalah split ukuran 5-10 mm dan 10-20 mm dengan perbandingan campuran 1 Pc : 2 Split, 1 Pc : 3 Split, dan 1 Pc : 4 Split.  Benda uji paving block menggunakan cetakan persegi panjang dengan ukuran 20 cm x 10 cm x 6 cm.  Pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap benda uji paving block yaitu kuat tekan dan laju infiltrasi pada umur benda uji 28 hari.  Hasil pengujian kuat kuat tekan dan laju infiltrasi benda uji paving block menggunakan split 5-10 mm untuk perbandingan 1:2, 1:3, dan 1:4 berturut-turut kuat tekan sebesar 14,50 MPa; 8,17 MPa; 5,33 MPa, dan laju infiltrasi sebesar 3,16 mm/dt; 6,15 mm/dt; 8,61 mm/dt, dan menggunakan split 10-20 mm untuk perbandingan 1:2, 1:3, dan 1:4 berturut-turut kuat tekan sebesar 21,83 MPa; 10,87 MPa; 7,30 MPa, dan laju infiltrasi sebesar 4,03 mm/dt; 7,18 mm/dt; 10,04 mm/dt.  Penggunaan ukuran agregat bergradasi seragam yang lebih besar dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan dan memaksimalkan laju infiltrasi paving block. Perbandingan campuran menggunakan agregat bergradasi seragam yang lebih banyak dapat meningkatkan laju infiltrasi namun menurunkan kuat tekan paving block.
 
Kata Kunci: Kuat Tekan, Laju Infiltrasi, Paving Block Berongga, Agregat Bergradasi Seragam, Perbandingan Campuran, Drainase Berkelanjutan
Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Organik Cair Termodifikasi Silika dan Varietas Terhadap Produktivitas Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Sholihah Sofi Marwatus , Hamawi Mahmudah
Published: January 2025

Shallot plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) have short roots and soft leaves, potentially susceptible to environmental stress and pest attacks. Fulfillment of nutrients and variety selection as an alternative in increasing shallot production. The research aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) modified silica (Si) and varieties on the productivity of shallot plants. The research was carried out at the Universitas Darussalam Gontor experimental field from November 2023 to January 2024. The research used a split-plot design with 2 factors. First factor: POC modified Si, P1 = POC 5 ml + Si 5 g.l-1, P2 = POC 10 ml + Si 5 g.l-1, P3 = without fertilizer (control). Second factor: variety, V1 = Bima Brebes, V2 = Thailand. Observation parameters were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, tuber diameter, wet and dry weight of tubers per plot (1 m-2), and wet and dry weight of the entire plant per plot (1 m-2). The observation data were analyzed using ANOVA and then tested further with 5% BNT. POC 5 ml + Silica 5 g.l-1 treatment increased the number of leaves, tillers, and wet and dry weight of shallot bulbs. The Bima Brebes variety has better plant height and diameter than the Thailand variety which is significantly different, while the number of tillers for the Thailand variety is greater. The Bima Brebes variety fertilized with POC 5 ml + Silica 5 g.l-1 increased the entire shallot plant's wet and dry weight (total bulbs and leaves).
Pengaruh Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kalium dan Silika terhadap Produksi Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Farida Jufri Afifah , Nurrachman Nurrachman , Pranggawan Azhari Anjar , Jihadi Amrul , Martia Dewi Suprayanti
Published: January 2025

The instability of cayenne pepper production is caused by the high rate of flower and fruit loss. This research aims to determine the effect of a combination of potassium and silica fertilizer on the production of cayenne pepper plants. The research was conducted in Rembige Village, Selaparang District, Mataram City for 6 months from April-October 2024. The materials used were Ori 212 variety, 20% liquid silica (SiO4), and KCl (60%K2O). The design used is Factorial RAK with two factors. The first factor is the dose of KCl fertilizer with 3 treatment levels, a dose of 150 kg ha-1 (K1), 300 kg ha-1 (K2) and 450 kg ha-1 (K3). The second factor is the concentration of silica fertilizer with 2 treatment levels, without silica (S0) and 2ml L-1 silica (S1). Each experimental unit was carried out 3 times and each repetition carried out observations on 5 plants. Observations and data collection include the number of productive branches, number of flowers, fruit set percentage, number of fruit per plant, and fruit weight per plant. The research results were analyzed using analysis of variance, and a 5% BNJ follow-up test. The results showed that there was an interaction between potassium and silica fertilizer treatments on fruit set parameters. Plants with a potassium dose of 150 kg ha-1 without silica gave the lowest fruit set yield, namely 60.74%.  Potassium and silica had significantly different effects on all observation parameters, where a dose of 300 kg ha-1 of potassium and 2 ml L-1 of silica gave the best results.
الأنشطة اللغوية ودورها في ممارسة كلام الطلبة في معهد زيس العصري الإسلامي بتشيلونجوك بانيوماس جاوى الوسطى
Authors: Ruswatie Ade , Burhanudin Yusuf Enjang , Masduki Anwar
Published: January 2025

معهد زيس العصري الإسلامي هو وحد من المؤسسات التربوية العصرية الإسلامية الموجودة في مدينة بانيوماس جاوى الوسطى الذي يعد طلبته إعدادا في مواجهة الحياة الفردية والاجتماعية. وعقد هذا المعهد الأنشطة الكثيرة منها الأنشطة اللغوية. هذه الأنشطة اللغوية عقدها المعهد هدفا لتعويد الطلبة في كلامهم اليومي. هدف هذا البحث إلى وصف دور الأنشطة اللغوية لممارسة كلام الطلبة في معهد زيس العصري الإسلامي بتشيلونجوك بانيوماس جاوى الوسطى. واستخدم هذا البحث المدخل النوعي بنوع الدراسة الميدانية. واستخدمت الباحثة المقابلة والملاحظة والوثائق لجمع البيانات.وبعد أن قامت الباحثة ببحثها، حصلت على النتائج الآتية: إن الأنشطة اللغوية في معهد زيس العصري الإسلامي تحتوى على إلقاء المفردات والمحادثة الأسبوعية والمحاضرة ومشاهدة الأفلام وإحضار الناطق باللغة العربية. ولهذه الأنشطة دور مهم. ومن دورها، تمارس هذه الأنشطة اللغوية كلام الطلبة العربي والإنجليزي نحو الممارسة في التعبيرات القصيرة اليومية.
THE INCREASE IN BODY WEIGHT, SMALL INTESTINE LENGTH, AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO (FCR) OF BROILER CHICKENS GIVEN HEAT STRESS AND BANANA BLOSSOM PEEL EXTRACT (Musa paradisiaca)
Authors: Agustina Agustina , We Tenri Gading Besse Mahbuba , Sukoco Hendro , Cahyani Annisa Putri , Pranatasari Dewi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the increased of body weight, small intestine length, and food conversion ratio (FCR) of broiler chickens given heat stress and banana blossom peel extract (Musa paradisiaca). This study was an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments. The experimental animals used in this study were female broiler chickens of the Cobb strain, 2 weeks old and weighing between 350-400 g, totaling 25 chickens. Chickens in P0 were not exposed to heat stress and banana blossom peel extract, while the chicken in P1, P2, P3, and P4 were exposed to heat stress and administered with 0.0, 500, 1000, 1500 mg/L banana blossom peel extract, respectively. The temperature in the heated cage accumulated slowly starting at 10:00 WIB and was maintained stable at 33±1° C for five hours. Banana blossom peel extract was given by dissolving it in drinking water for two hours (at 10:00) before the temperature in the cage reached 33±1° C. The data obtained were processed using the Kruskal-Wallis and continued with the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between treatments P1 and P4 on body weight gain and small intestine length (P0.05). Meanwhile, for the FCR value, only the P4 group met the standard, which was 1.57. Giving banana blossom peel extract at a dose of 1500 mg/L has been able to increase body weight, small intestine length, and decrease the FCR value in broiler chickens experiencing heat stress with a temperatu re of 33±1° C for 5 hours with a duration of 20 days.
Influence of individual models and studies on quantitative mitigation findings in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
Authors: Sognnaes Ida , Peters Glen
Published: January 2025

Quantitative mitigation findings based on emissions scenarios submitted to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) play an authoritative role in climate policy and decision making. We analyse the impact of the uneven representation of models and modelling studies in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) on statistical values that are used to present quantitative mitigation findings. We find that several key AR6 findings are influenced considerably by the model with the most scenarios, including emissions reductions by 2030 and the decline in fossil fuels consistent with 1.5°C, and we find that the year of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions is influenced considerably by both the model and the study with the most scenarios. We find that weighting by model- or study does not provide a straightforward solution and discuss three issues related to the use of database statistics to present emissions scenarios findings. Based on our findings and informed by the purpose of the IPCC and the kinds of insights that can be obtained from emissions scenarios, we suggest improvements to the current practices used in IPCC assessments.
Experimental Design for Microfluidic Channel Fabrication on Soda-Lime Glass Using Femtosecond Laser Technology: Methodologies, Insights, and Optimization
Authors: Verma Siddharth , Kumar Rishu , Prakash Lakshya
Published: January 2025

This pioneering paper presents experimental design for the fabrication of microfluidic channels on soda-lime glass using femtosecond laser technology. Microfluidic devices are instrumental in biomedical research, and their fabrication demands high precision, which is achieved using ultrafast femtosecond lasers. The paper first outlines the historical developments in microfluidics and discusses the theory behind microfluidic behavior and femtosecond lasers .The experimental setup involves the use of a PHAROS PH2-10W femtosecond laser and varying power and scanning speeds to optimize channel characteristics. Results reveal the effect of laser power and speed on the width and depth of the channels.
Low Glyaemic Index and Glycaemic Load Dishes Lower Postprandial Plasma Glucose in Type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Mary Nnadi Ihuoma , Patricia Nnadi Udoka , Nwanneka Ani Peace , Chinyere Agbo Eucharia , Peace Ezeja Enochojo
Published: January 2025

Background: High glyceamic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) dishes has been associated with hyperglycaemia.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the GI and GL of three dishes and how they relate to postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) levels in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DP).
Methods:This experimental study included 100 diabetes patients. The control group consisted of 100 non-diabetic employees of Enugu North Local Government Area Headquarters. Every dish had 50g of glycaemic carbohydrate for participants to consume. To determine GI, control was given 50g of glucose to consume. The three test dishes were: Pap and beans fritter (akara) (dish 1), meat and three-leaved yam and bush buck sauce (dish 2), and meat and beans and plantain pottage and spinach (dish 3). For calculation of GI, PPG concentrations were tested every 15 minutes for 2hours.
Results: Dish 3 had lowest GI and GL (33±1.38 and 5±0.57), while dish 2 had the highest GI and GL (56±3.84 and 15±0.95). Dish 3 gave lower GI, GL and reduced PPG peak compared to dish 1 and dish 2 at 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes in T2DP and control (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Dish 3 had lower GI and GL in control and lower PPG in T2DP when compared to other two dishes, and can be used as adequate substitute.
Meta-Domain Adaptive Transfer (MDAT) Learning for Rapid Adaptation in Simulated Robotic Tasks
Authors: Nong Yu
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces Meta-Domain Adaptive Transfer (MDAT), a novel approach combining meta-learning, adaptive domain randomization, and feature disentanglement for rapid adaptation in simulated robotic tasks. We evaluate MDAT across three distinct robotic scenarios: object manipulation, navigation, and bipedal locomotion. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in adaptation speed, task performance, and generalization capabilities compared to existing methods such as MAML, Traditional Transfer Learning (TTL), Domain Randomization (DR), and Progressive Neural Networks (PNN).
THE TPACK FRAMEWORK IN TEACHING LOGICAL DIVISION PARAGRAPH BY THE PRACTICUM LECTURER
Authors: Sinta Shofi Ayu , Setyowati Lestari
Published: January 2025

The research aims to investigate : (i) the reasons a practicum lecturer taught logical division paragraph with the TPACK framework (ii) how a practicum lecturer taught logical division paragraph with the TPACK framework (iii) the students’ response toward technologies in learning logical division paragraphs in the teaching practicum (iv) the students’ results of teaching logical division paragraphs with the TPACK framework. The  study used a mixed method approach. The study results the reasons a practicum lecturer applying TPACK are students’ enthusiasm and students’ experiences in using TPACK. A practicum lecturer applied TPACK components in teaching writing such as using as Google Classroom, Padlet, Storybird, Kahoot, Canva, and Mentimeter as the Technology Knowledge, using process-based approach as Pedagogy Knowledge. and mastering the materials from Youtube and module. The use of technologies has positive responses from students. They argue that they like and interesting using technology while learning writing. The also argue that the use of technologies supports paperless. Teaching logical division paragraph with the TPACK framework is shown from the score as the result of the material. There are 35 students who have been taught with The TPACK Framework by a practicum lecturer with scoring rubric.
NARRATIVE TEXT AS THE MATERIAL TO INTEGRATE LITERATURE IN EFL CLASS
Authors: Nur Halizah Khaililla Dara , Nabilah Silviana , Rohmana Wahyu Indah Mala
Published: January 2025

Presently, teachers are required to be creative and innovative in teaching. Many techniques can be used to shape the class so that it is attractive to students. One way is to pay more attention to the material to be delivered. Literature is one of the approaches that will interest students in EFL class. Therefore, the authors want to examine the implementation of literature in secondary schools. Narrative text is one kind of literature that is frequently used as language material in secondary schools. So, this study intends to determine the practice of narrative texts in EFL class. The research in this article uses descriptive qualitative methods and uses library research. Furthermore, interviews also form the basis of analysis in this study. The speaker is a 9th grade English teacher at MTs Surya Buana Malang. The data was acquired using unstructured questions thru WhatsApp and met in individual. The researchers examined the data, using the information from the interviews. This study discovered several learning strategies applied by teachers in teaching narrative texts, the learner’s challenges experienced in learning narrative text. In conclusion, the discussion shows that narrative text can develop students' English skills. Narrative text is an effective medium in teaching English and builds students enthusiasm during learning activities.
Navigational decision-making method for wide inland waterways with traffic separation scheme navigation system
Authors:   School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, X Luping ,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, Huang Liwen ,   School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, Zhao Xingya ,   School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, Liu Jinlai ,   School of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430014, China, Chen Jiahao ,   School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, Zhang Kun ,   School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, He Yixiong ,   School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
Published: January 2025

This study utilizes the deep-water channel from the mouth of the Liuhe River to the Jiangyin Bridge in China as a case study to address ship navigation decision-making in wide inland waterways equipped with traffic separation systems. We propose a novel navigation decision-making method based on time-sequence rolling calculations, integrating a digital traffic environment model, collision risk model, and course and speed control techniques. Initially, we innovatively incorporated navigation rules into the quantitative analysis of collision risk based on the behavioral characteristics of ships in the study area. This approach led to the development of a decision-making method capable of adapting to system residual errors and random movements of target ships. Subsequently, a multi-ship navigation decision-making experiment was conducted using available Automatic Identification System (AIS) data for the study area. The results indicate that our method effectively controls ship traffic and ensures timely route tracking in a multi-ship environment within wide inland waters equipped with traffic separation systems, significantly enhancing safety and efficiency.
Antitumor mRNA vaccines based on neoantigens
Authors: Starostina E. V. , Nizolenko L. F. , Karpenko L. I. , Ilyichev A. A.
Published: January 2025

Objective: to summarize the available data on clinical trials of vaccines based on mRNA encoding neoantigens. Material and Methods. Data were searched on https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, from January 2013 to May 2024 using the keywords “neoantigen” and “vaccine”, and the information on mRNA-based drugs was then selected. Of the 148 studies retrieved, 54 were selected to write a systematic review. Results. A bibliometric analysis of data in the field of therapeutic cancer vaccines from 2013 to 2024 showed that the majority of studies focused on mRNA vaccines encoding neoantigens. this paper presents a brief description of the mRNA platform and provides an overview of clinical trials of anticancer mRNA vaccines from 2013 to 2024. Preparations of leading biotech firms in Europe and the USA involved in the development of anticancer mRNA vaccines, such as Cevumeran (BioNTech), mRNA-4157/V940 (Moderna), as well as vaccines from companies in the PRC - Stemirna Therapeutics, NeoCura, Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics, etc. - are reviewed. Conclusion. The use of vaccine technology based on mRNAs encoding tumor neoantigens can significantly increase the potential of antitumor immunotherapy.
Early diagnosis of lung cancer using a sensor gas analysis complex: case report
Authors: Rodionov E. O. , Kulbakin D. E. , Podolko D. V. , Obkhodskaya E. V. , Obkhodskiy A. V. , Miller S. V. , Mokh A. A. , Sachkov V. I. , Popov A. S. , Chernov V. I.
Published: January 2025

Background. Currently, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is the only screening test that reduces the risk of death from lung cancer. However, there are a number of disadvantages, such as lack of widespread use, high cost, high false-positive rate and the need to conduct studies only in high-risk groups, which significantly limit mass screening. exhaled breath analysis, which uses sensitive breath sensors, is a promising method to improve early diagnosis of lung cancer. Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center together with Tomsk State University and Tomsk Polytechnic Research Institute has developed a gas analysis complex capable of analyzing the gas composition of exhaled air with remote sampling from bags. during the study, data obtained by digitizing signals from gas analysis system sensors and patient metadata are recorded in a database for subsequent automated processing and analysis using a neural network. Case description. A 48-year-old female patient with a long history of smoking came to the clinic of the Cancer Research Institute for consultation with suspected pathological infiltration around the celiac trunk detected by abdominal CT. As a clinical trial of the developed gas analytical complex for cancer detection, a sample of exhaled air was taken, and the comparison of the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with that in the control group (healthy individuals) revealed abnormalities characteristic of lung cancer. the patient underwent a chest CT scan, which revealed stage IIB peripheral cancer of the lower lobe of the left lung. the original sensor gas analysis complex, which has no analogues in Russia, was used for the first time in the detection of lung cancer. the data obtained allowed us to suspect the presence of lung tumor in the patient and perform radical surgical treatment. the composition of VOCs in exhaled air was assessed on day 10 after surgery, and no significant changes in the composition of exhaled air were observed. Conclusion. Machine learning algorithms are actively used to diagnose socially significant diseases. the platforms being developed based on arrays of chemical sensors with data analysis using a neural network are promising candidates for implementation in screening activities.
Long-term overall and relapse-free survival in a patient with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy. A case report
Authors: Afonin G. V. , Skoropad V. Yu. , Glukhareva A. E. , Kupriyanova E. I. , Agababyan T. A. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: January 2025

Background. lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Most cases of newly diagnosed lung cancer are associated with distant metastasis. High incidence and mortality rates as well as high rates of recurrence in patients with stage I–III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), even after radical surgical treatment, determine the relevance of developing new approaches to drug therapy. The aim of the study was to demonstrate a successful clinical case showing a long-term, more than 8-year overall and relapse-free survival in a patient with metastatic NSCLC treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Case presentation. An 80-year-old patient with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma underwent radical surgery in august 2014. A follow-up examination in April 2016 revealed disease progression (liver metastases and mediastinal lymph node metastases, and solitary metastasis to the chest wall on the right). Taking into account the absence of driver mutations, 102 cycles of durvalumab monotherapy were administered as a phase III multicenter open randomized trial. At a follow-up period of 96 months, no signs of disease progression and treatment-related serious adverse events were observed. Conclusion. Drug therapy of metastatic NSCLC remains challenging and should take into account the clinical, molecular, genetic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor. Further in-depth studies of new approaches and treatment options for NSCLC patients are required.