bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social media-based online brand community characteristics’ impact on consumer relationship formation: The moderating effects of platform initiator types
Authors: Gubalane Alona , Ha Yongsoo
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the impact of online brand community characteristics on social media. Information quality, system quality, virtual interactivity, and rewards are modeled as key indicators examining their effects on two types of consumer relationships: consumer-brand and consumer-other-consumer relationships. This research further explores how these consumer relationships influence community identification and electronic word-of-mouth communication. Additionally, it examines the moderating effects of platform initiator types such as firm-initiated and consumer-initiated brand communities on the link between consumer relationships and community identification. A quantitative study was conducted using an online questionnaire distributed through Amazon Mechanical Turk, and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that forming social media-based online brand community characteristics as a latent construct is significantly influenced by information quality, system quality, virtual interactivity and rewards. These characteristics have a notable impact on both types of consumer relationships significantly influencing community identification and electronic word-of-mouth. Test results have also shown that the moderating effects of platform initiator types are significant only in the relationship between the consumer-other-consumer relationship and community identification. In firm-initiated brand communities, consumer-other-consumer relationships significantly influence community identification whereas in consumer-initiated brand communities, this relationship was not significant. Therefore, marketers are encouraged to establish branding strategies that align with the nature of the community to cultivate and sustain consumer relationships.
The Protection of Labor Rights on the Court System
Authors: Musakhonovich Mamasiddikov Muzaffarkhon , Esirgapovich Esanov Azamat , Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Wan Khairuldin Wan Mohd Khairul Firdaus , Luthviati Resti Dian
Published: December 2024

Protection of labor rights is critical to ensuring fairness and justice in the workplace. When employees' rights are violated, they can pursue legal redress through the justice system. However, realizing equitable outcomes is frequently impeded by obstacles in accessibility and enforcement. This research analyzes how the justice system can safeguard and enforce labor rights. This research uses normative legal research that employs comparative, legislative, and conceptual methodologies. The research results show that First, Indonesia has labor laws in place. However, the current regulations continue to encounter numerous challenges, including the lengthy and intricate judicial system mechanism and the discrepancy between theoretical regulations and practical implementation. Consequently, expediting the litigation mechanism and reforming the current regulations to protect labor rights is imperative. Second, Indonesia's labor regulations are deemed to be more responsive to the dynamics of contemporary industrial relations than those of Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan must guarantee the protection of workers' and employers' rights, simplify the litigation process, strengthen the competence of judges, and harmonize and reconstruct labor regulations with civil procedural law. Third, it is recommended that Uzbekistan establish a special industrial relations court, revise the rules on evidence and dispute resolution procedures, and enhance the competence of justices through specialized training. This reconstruction will establish a more equitable, efficient, and pertinent system to the current state of employment.
O financiamento do ensino médio público no contexto do fundef: análises acerca do Promed, Projeto Alvorada e Viva Educação
Authors: Ferreira Antonio Alves
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo é um recorte de dissertação de mestrado que analisa os efeitos dos programas de financiamento do ensino médio público implementados no Estado do Maranhão no período do Fundef.  Partindo do entendimento que o Fundef materializa a política de focalização e racionalização de recursos na área da educação, compreende-se que estes programas são estratégias pontuais para o financiamento desse nível de ensino frente a ausência de políticas de financiamento da educação básica. Conclui-se que programas como: PROMED, Projeto Alvorada e Projeto Viva Educação no Estado do Maranhão, foram a materialização das orientações do Banco Mundial para a política de financiamento da educação no Brasil.  Isso tem ocasionado a fragmentação e a descontinuidade das políticas educacionais levando a oferta e manutenção do ensino médio a uma situação de apêndice dentre as prioridades do governo do Maranhão.
Contribuições de uma formação docente em metodologias ativas e autorregulação da aprendizagem: tecendo ações e reflexões no ensino na saúde
Authors: Pappis Thais Helena Batel , Magalhães Cleidilene Ramos , Costa Márcia Rosa da
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com professores de cursos de graduação da área da saúde. O objetivo foi analisar como os docentes da área da saúde podem, por meio de um curso de formação docente, construir concepções sobre metodologias ativas e autorregulação da aprendizagem, a partir de vivências de estratégias ativas, discussões e reflexões. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido entre 2021 e 2024, constituindo-se de um recorte de uma ampla pesquisa. A geração dos dados foi realizada a partir de questionários semiestruturados, diário de campo da pesquisadora e observação participante. Os encontros gravados foram transcritos e analisados, junto aos registros escritos desenvolvidos durante o curso, por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2016). Verificou-se que os docentes, ao descreverem as concepções de aprendizagem e metodologias ativas, autorregulação da aprendizagem e as implicações no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, manifestaram alguns elementos do referencial teórico, mas quando provocados a analisar as concepções a partir da sua própria realidade e prática, revelou-se o desencontro com a teoria. Outro ponto relevante a destacar foi os docentes considerarem que a docência traz diferentes desafios que emergem no dia a dia e que conhecimentos específicos da área e das experiências precisam dialogar com os saberes do campo pedagógico. Reconheceu-se a necessidade de ampliar e aprofundar os saberes pedagógicos para qualificar o trabalho docente, apesar da busca por formação pedagógica ainda se concentrar no saber prático (em como fazer).
Pedagogia dialógica – desafios e potencialidades da educação como prática da liberdade em Paulo Freire
Authors: Santos Antonio Nacílio Sousa dos , Felippe José Neto de Oliveira , Moura Douglas Luiz de Oliveira , Barcellos Júnior Waldyr , Neves Carlos Rigor , Santana Everaldo Costa , Alves Adriana Teixeira , Silva Gutemberg Gomes , Lopes Carlos Eduardo Tabosa , Albuquerque Luiz Botelho , Sousa Júnior José Airton de , Amaral Carmem Lúcia Costal , Toledo Marcelo Penteado de , Brito Rafael Silva , Nicola Gabrieli Buzata
Published: December 2024

Um dos grandes desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais da educação é a busca por ferramentas metodológicas que permitam adentrar o contexto sociocultural dos educandos. Essa aproximação visa possibilitar, em uma relação dual e horizontal, a construção conjunta de saberes sobre os imperativos que permeiam a vida desses sujeitos. Nesse cenário, Paulo Freire, em sua obra Pedagogia do Oprimido (2005), referencial teórico desta pesquisa, argumenta que uma educação verdadeiramente libertadora só é possível por meio do que ele chamou de pedagogia dialógica. No entanto, para que essa abordagem educativa se concretize em sala de aula, é indispensável que o educador – independentemente da área do conhecimento – esteja atento, receptivo e comprometido com o desenvolvimento dessa prática dialógica. Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a análise e aplicação da pedagogia dialógica, conforme preconizada por Paulo Freire, como ferramenta metodológica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Investigou como essa abordagem pode contribuir para a promoção de uma educação libertadora, capaz de transformar a sala de aula em um espaço de construção coletiva e crítica do conhecimento. A pesquisa também examinou o papel do educador como mediador desse processo, enfatizando a importância de sua postura reflexiva e aberta ao diálogo com os educandos. Dito isso, a metodologia desta pesquisa é de cunho qualitativa (Minayo, 2016), descritiva (Gil, 1999), compreensiva (Weber, 2009) e utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os resultados evidenciaram que a adoção dessa abordagem requer do educador uma postura reflexiva, aberta e receptiva, rompendo com práticas pedagógicas tradicionais e hierárquicas. O educador, ao atuar como mediador e facilitador, não apenas estimula a participação dos educandos, mas também promove a crítica aos condicionantes sociais que afetam suas realidades, alinhando-se aos objetivos de uma educação comprometida com a transformação social.
Plataformas de aquisição de dados planialtimétricos para criação de projetos de suavização do terreno para cultivo de soja em terras baixas
Authors: Maciel Érique Conce , Silva Charles Nunes da , Cunha Vinícius dos Santos , Conceição Chaiane Guerra da , Fontanela Eracilda , Santos Amanda Rithieli Pereira dos , Jacques Lanes Beatriz Acosta , Dias Vilnei de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

O arroz irrigado é tradicional na fronteira oeste do RS, sendo esse estado o maior produtor brasileiro. Ao longo dos anos, outras culturas estão sendo implementadas em rotação com o arroz irrigado. Entre essas culturas, a que teve maior expansão, é a soja, que vem sendo cultivada com uso de irrigação e drenagem por superfície. Dessa forma, este trabalho visa comparar diferentes plataformas de coleta de dados planialtimétricos para uso em projetos de suavização do terreno para irrigação da soja em terras baixas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma lavoura comercial localizada próxima ao município de Alegrete-RS. O estudo foi constituído de três metodologias: 1) coleta de dados utilizando drone de baixa autonomia de voo, sem correção de posicionamento pós processada (PPK), com pontos de controle e de verificação, com denominação de PC; 2) coleta de dados utilizando drone de alta autonomia de voo, marca modelo Nuvem Spectral 2, com correção de posicionamento pós processada (PPK), sem pontos de controle e de verificação; 3) coleta de dados utilizando sistema RTK (Real Time Knematic) embarcado em um veículo automotivo, com denominação de RTK. Foi realizado um pré-processamento das imagens, de modo excluir as que apresentam nível de arrasto elevado utilizando Quantum GIS® e pontos que não foram gravados a elevação. Com os MDEs (modelo de elevação do terreno) obtidos, foi gerado uma malha densa espaçados por 5 metros. Com isso conseguindo extrair a informação de elevação. Após ter os dados foi confeccionado um gráfico box plot, resultando em duas variáveis resposta, elevação e declividade. Realizou-se uma análise de correlação de Pearson. A movimentação de terra foi estimada através de um MDE teórico usando a média das elevações para criar um parâmetro. Em conclusão os objetivos propostos revelaram que tanto a coleta de dados altimétricos com RTK quanto com drones apresentou similaridade planialtimétrica satisfatória nos modelos digitais da elevação. Ao comparar as estimativas de movimentação de terra, observamos consistência nas metodologias PPK e RTK, com uma discrepância significativa na metodologia PC, que apresentou uma variação de cerca de 15%, inviabilizando a utilização de drones sem correção PPK. Essas conclusões ressaltam a importância de uma escolha criteriosa da metodologia, considerando a coerência nos resultados, eficiência operacional e possíveis variações nas estimativas de movimentação de solo.
Defending Abortion Rights: Case Studies and Theoretical Analysis in Post-Dobbs America
Authors: Wei Mingyao
Published: December 2024

After the implement of Supreme court judgement decision in the the Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization, the controversy over women's right to abortion has reached a new climax. Owing to the practical trendy of abandon and time constraint of the development , there are few article analysis supporting the maintenance of abortion right. However, the majority of Americans express subjective supports for the abortion right in online comments and spontaneous events. With such a unmatched situation, this paper stand out from the distinctly agreement standpoint about the females right and in contrast to the previous papers, using case study, theoretical analysis and literature research to arrange the development of the Abortion history and evidences for the abortion right in America. Overall, the writing not only enrich the literature supplements about the approval analysis under the currently uncertain unsharpness in policy setting environment but also point out the guidance for typical feminist movements in practice.
Research on the Interaction and Value of Opera and Symphony
Authors: Yin Hanzhang
Published: December 2024

In the vast field of western classical music, opera and symphony, as two very representative art forms, carry rich cultural connotations and historical traditions. Although the two have obvious differences in expression techniques, constituent elements and performance forms, they rely on each other and blend with each other to create rich artistic expression. This paper takes the combination of opera and symphony as the research object. Firstly, it gives a basic introduction to opera and symphony by analyzing their historical development and structure, and then analyzes the combination of opera and symphony from four aspects: historical evolution, cultural background, music language and composition techniques. This paper makes a profound analysis of the interaction between opera and symphony from these four aspects, and finally comes to the conclusion that ---- when the two are fully combined, music works can convey a richer sensory and emotional experience to the audience, and show a more complete system of artistic works.
The Influence of Cultural Diffusion and Religious Beliefs on The American War of Independence
Authors: Xuan Dianhui
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the crucial role of cultural diffusion and religious beliefs in shaping the ideological foundations and revolutionary motivations of the American War of Independence. While economic factors, such as high tax acts and unfair trade policies, are often identified as the primary catalysts for rebellion, this paper underscores the equal role of cultural and religious dynamics as the impact. The author employs an analysis of the dissemination of Enlightenment ideals and the influence of religious revivals, such as the Great Awakening, to elucidate the way these factors contributed to the formation of a distinctly American identity and the stimulation of a revolutionary spirit. Therefore, by examining both economic, cultural, and religious aspects, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex history of the war and its far-reaching social impact. The fusion of religious fervor and Enlightenment principles, coupled with the mobilizing effect of shared cultural values, underscored the determination of the colonists in their quest for independence, leading to a unified revolutionary movement that crossed the boundaries of different social ideologies.
The Belt and Road Initiative's Railway Network: Balancing Economic Growth and Environmental Preservation
Authors: Gao Da
Published: December 2024

China established the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2013, which aims to stimulate trade and investment in the Eurasian region through infrastructure development. While railway construction under the BRI framework is important for economic integration and growth, it also raises significant environmental challenges, including habitat loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and water pollution. The purpose of this study is to discuss how to achieve a balance between economic growth and environmental protection in the construction of the BRI railroad projects. Through qualitative research methods, evaluates current strategies for mitigating environmental impacts and analyzes the role of international cooperation in improving environmental protection. The findings of the study show that while some countries have adopted environmental assessment and green building techniques, differences in environmental standards between countries still affect the effectiveness of the treatment. In particular, many developing countries face economic instability and technological limitations in the implementation of environmental policies. The findings imply that strengthened international cooperation and the establishment of uniform environmental standards are essential to the sustainable development of the BRI railroad project.
Freedom Of Expression and Censorship: A Comparative Analysis of China and the UK
Authors: Zhang Enrui
Published: December 2024

Freedom of expression, the right to articulate one's thoughts and ideas, stands as a cornerstone of human rights, enabling individuals to voice their opinions without fear of retribution. However, this fundamental freedom is often subject to constraints due to concerns over the potential for hate speech, the spread of misinformation, and the need to safeguard national security. This paper delves into the contrasting approaches taken by China and the United Kingdom in balancing the protection of free speech with the imposition of necessary restrictions. In China, the government prioritizes national security and social stability, which results in a more stringent regulatory framework governing the discourse of its citizens. The United Kingdom upholds the principle of free speech through its Human Rights Act, which enshrines the right to freedom of expression as a fundamental right. However, even within this framework, there are limits to what can be said, particularly in instances where speech could incite hatred or violence. By comparing these two distinct models, this paper seeks to illustrate the complexities surrounding the issue of free speech. It highlights how different societies grapple with the challenge of fostering an environment where open dialogue can flourish while also protecting against its potential abuses. The comparison aims to shed light on the delicate balance that must be struck between upholding the right to express oneself and ensuring the safety and well-being of society at large.
Comparing Students’ Turn-taking Behaviour in Group Discussions under Different Cultural Backgrounds
Authors: Lu Shurui
Published: December 2024

In the context of globalization, cross-cultural communication has become increasingly prevalent, with international collaboration and exchange in educational settings. Turn-taking is an essential part of verbal communication, and previous study has shown how it is systematically organized and behaves within a particular cultural group. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on how cultural background affects turn-taking behaviors. Thus, using a qualitative examination of how cultural variations affect these techniques, this research looks at how five turn-taking methods—overlap, interruption, pause, back channeling, and turn-holding—are used in group discussions among Chinese, American, and Indian students. The results of the research show a wide range of turn-taking techniques employed by these three student groups.. In Chinese student discussions, pauses are the most prevalent turn-taking strategy, with others used less frequently. American students, on the other hand, frequently employ overlap and back channeling. Indian students stand out as the only group utilizing interruption and exhibit a rich repertoire of turn-holding strategies. Hence, it can be seen that cultural background has a profound impact on the use of turn taking strategies in group discussions.
A Comparative Study of Christian and Confucian Thought: C.S. Lewis and Zhou Dunyi
Authors: Liu Shumin
Published: December 2024

By analyzing and comparing C.S. Lewis’s concept of “perfect through suffering” in The Problem of Pain and Zhou Dunyi’s view of “seeking the pleasure of Confucius and Yan” [Kong Yan Le Chu] in Tai Ji Tu Shuo and Tong Shu, two commonalities between the two can be found. The first one lies in their shared depiction of situations in which individuals are deprived of material resources, compelling them to seek solutions that transcend their suffering. This relief may be achieved either by abandoning one’s ego and placing trust in God, or by concentrating on the realization of the unity with the Tao of Cheng. In both cases, the resulting spiritual happiness is detached from material concerns. Furthermore, they both acknowledge that the material dimensions of existence can foster a sense of happiness. Humans also have the right to pursue and enjoy this happiness. However, for humans to achieve the pinnacle of happiness, it is essential to pursue a state of unity with the highest Good.
Disability Rights Legislation Comparison: China and Canada
Authors: Liu Yisa
Published: December 2024

This paper makes a comprehensive comparative study of disability rights legislation in China and Canada. The report carefully examines the differences between the two countries in terms of the definition of disability, the legal basis for protection, and existing legislation. Through in-depth case studies, it reveals the challenges encountered in the realization of the rights of persons with disabilities. Then, it puts forward the corresponding solutions. A comparison shows that while China has made great progress in this area, Canada's system appears to be more mature and more centered on disability rights. However, both countries face challenges that require the joint efforts of the government, society and the people. This paper aims to provide valuable insights and feasible suggestions for strengthening the legal protection and realization of the rights of persons with disabilities in both countries. It stressed the importance of a comprehensive legal framework, strong law enforcement, public awareness and equal opportunities to ensure the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in society and guarantee their equal rights.
A Comparison Between Buddhist Temple Architecture in The Tang Dynasty and In Japan
Authors: Zhang Jannie Qimo
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses the similarities and differences between Tang Dynasty and Japanese Buddhist architecture by comparing the architectural features of the East Hall of Foguang Temple, a Buddhist temple in the Tang Dynasty in China, and the Golden Hall of Toshodaiji Temple, a Buddhist temple in the Nara period in Japan. First, the two buildings are very similar in structure. Both adopt the mortise and tenon structure and the beam, column, and bracket transmission system of Tang Dynasty architecture, reflecting the simple and majestic style of Tang Dynasty architecture. However, the two buildings are different in terms of roof slope, the location of doors and windows on the wall under the front eaves, and the combination of brackets. Secondly, there are also differences between Tang Dynasty and Japanese temples in terms of overall layout, architectural style, and material selection. Tang Dynasty temples pursued a mysterious realm and liked to be in famous mountains or deep in the suburbs of the city, while Japanese temples were usually built near the gathering of the people and were in spacious and flat areas. The Buddhist architectural style of the Tang Dynasty was complex and gorgeous, while Japanese architecture was simpler and plainer. Finally, this paper believes that Tang Dynasty Buddhist architecture had a profound impact on Japanese Buddhist architecture, but while absorbing the architectural style of the Tang Dynasty, Japan also formed its own unique architectural style.
Exploring Turn-Taking Strategies in Classroom Interaction of Senior High School
Authors: Zhou Wencong
Published: December 2024

In the Chinese education system, English is a core subject. Reading, writing, listening and speaking are four important parts of English capacity. Speaking is not stressed in Chinese English learning classes; instead, writing is. Furthermore, in Chinese conventional English classrooms, turn-taking is not given the credit it deserves as an excellent strategy for encouraging pupils to learn a second language. This study will concentrate on the usage of turn-taking by both teachers and students in order to examine various aspects of teaching in English classes and provide some recommendations. Data for this study are gathered using a corpus and audio recordings. Discourse volume, turn quantity, and turn-taking strategy utilization are the three areas of the statistics that are studied based on discourse analysis. Additionally, the findings demonstrate the teacher's hegemony in classroom interactions and use of a single teaching style. The findings can provide teachers and students with the deeper understanding of communication in target language and inspire teachers to take appropriate teaching method.
Regional Musical Cultural Characteristics of Chinese Piano Music Writing ---- Taking "Spring Dance" for Example
Authors: Kong Xin
Published: December 2024

With the continuous improvement of piano music writing techniques and the intersection and integration of regional cultures, more and more piano works with regional ethnic characteristics have emerged. Studying the regional cultural characteristics behind these works has become an important research direction. At present, most of the research directions in the study of Chinese piano music works, such as "Spring Dance", focus on music creation style and performance techniques, and there are few literatures focusing on regional culture. Therefore, this article mainly focuses on the regional music and cultural characteristics behind it, and uses the methods of literature research and inductive summary to further explore the manifestation of regional music and cultural characteristics in Chinese piano writing. The final research found that the Xinjiang ethnic music characteristics presented in "Spring Dance" illustrate that regional culture influences piano music writing and promotes the innovative development of traditional piano music writing. Finally, the conclusion is drawn: there is no single form of music, it is complex and diverse. The existence forms of music in different regions are influenced by different regional cultures, including regional ecological culture, national aesthetic psychology, and language characteristics.
The Renaissance and Influence of Renaissance Art from The Perspective of Humanism
Authors: Zhang Bufan
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to explore the revival process of Renaissance art and its various influences from the perspective of humanism. The introduction summarizes the importance of Renaissance as a great ideological emancipation and cultural renaissance in European history, and the core position of humanism in this period. Then, by systematically combing the technical and formal innovation, the evolution of theme and content, and the formation and influence of the art market, this article analyzes the promoting role of humanistic thought in Renaissance art. The results show that humanism not only promoted the change and innovation of artistic style in the Renaissance, but also promoted the shaping of social and cultural concepts and the promotion of education and scholarship. Renaissance art promoted the awakening of individual consciousness, the spread of scientific and rational spirit and the change of social structure by spreading humanistic ideas, which had a far-reaching impact on the artistic style and social and cultural development of later generations.
The Impact of Digital Media on Mass Communication: A Mixed-method Study
Authors: Zhu Yihan
Published: December 2024

This exploratory study investigates how digital media platforms have revolutionized mass communication in contemporary society. The research primarily analyzes the accelerated distribution of information and expanded reach afforded by digital technologies. It also examines the effects of interactivity and fragmented content on audience trust and involvement, drawing comparisons with traditional media like print journalism and television broadcasts. A survey was administered to 500 participants, with quantitative data analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics, correlational analysis, and regression modeling were employed to uncover relationships between factors such as media habits, confidence in digital versus conventional outlets, and how interactivity impacts user engagement across platforms. The findings suggest that while digital formats have enhanced participation, notably through interactive components, they have simultaneously contributed to decreasing trust due to dispersed information and overabundance of content. Respondents frequently expressed doubt about the accuracy and reliability of online platforms, citing difficulties distinguishing verified reports from misinformation. This skepticism is less prevalent for traditional media, despite slower dissemination processes. These results highlight the challenges digital media present in preserving belief in content while maximizing involvement. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for producers and acknowledging needs for future work, particularly related to media literacy and how audiences critically evaluate digital materials.
Tsunami In Japan and Indonesia: Geographic Vulnerabilities and The Role of Government Strategies in National Development
Authors: Bai Jiayue
Published: December 2024

Environmental determinism suggests that geography is the primary foundation of all inequalities. Building upon this theory, this paper will demonstrate how Japan uses government strategies to overcome environmental disadvantages. An environmental determinist assumption might be widely accepted: natural geographic features play a crucial role in countries’ level of development. If this is the case, Japan, a country that has limited natural resources and frequent natural disasters, should face significant drawbacks which could lead to struggles with poverty problems and hindered economic development. However, it has become one of the most developed countries with the help of successful government strategies of efficient prevention and recovery plans against natural disasters and shifts in energy policies. This paper contrasts Indonesia with Japan’s development, encountering similar natural disasters, Japan and Indonesia had dissimilar post-disaster responses, leading to distinct economic development levels. This paper shows how countries could implement applicative policies to overcome uncontrollable disadvantages.
A REVIEW: EXPLORING GENETIC VARIATION AND REGULATORY NETWORKS IN WHEAT HEAT STRESS TOLERANCE
Authors: ULLAH I , MAJEED HN , BATOOL R , FAROOQ S , GULAB R , HABIBA SU
Published: December 2024

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple crop vital to global food security, yet rising global temperatures increasingly threaten its productivity. Heat stress (HS), particularly during critical growth phases like anthesis, disrupts physiological and biochemical processes, reducing yields and grain quality. This review explores the genetic variation and regulatory mechanisms that underpin wheat’s resilience to heat stress. Advanced breeding techniques, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, and next-generation sequencing, have identified key genetic factors contributing to heat tolerance. Novel biotechnological strategies, including CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, have shown promise in introducing heat-tolerant traits by targeting specific genes. Additionally, omics approaches encompassing transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics offer deeper insights into stress-responsive pathways. With machine learning and artificial intelligence integration, wheat breeding is poised to become more efficient, accelerating the development of cultivars capable of withstanding heat stress. These advancements are essential to ensure sustainable wheat production amidst the challenges of climate change.
Measurement of pollution of water and sediment of the Gharraf River for some heavy elements
Authors: Adian Hameed Hashim  , Fahad Kamil K.
Published: December 2024

Study was conducted to determine, at the beginning of this month, the environmental factors and the original sweat levels of the water and sediments of the Al-Sariq River in Dhi- Qar Governorate, approaching the Al-Jarifik River located within the city of Al-Rifai along the river from November 2023 AD to April 2024 AD. The current study concludes by measuring some physical and chemical gains. Air and water temperature, turbidity, sponge, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and element concentrations: lead, Pb, zinc, Zn, and copper, Cu, in river water and sediments. The following depiction is that the element concentrations follow the following order: zinc < copper < lead, their concentrations in the sediments and their accumulation in them are the following types: zinc < copper < lead. The results showed that the water of the Gharraf River is suitable for human consumption, but the sediment levels were high.
Understanding and Managing Gill Infections in Fish
Authors: Nawar K. Al-Saeedi Nawar K. Al-Saeedi , Abbas Dakheel, Mutar Abbas Dakheel, Mutar , Zainab Dakhil Degaim Zainab Dakhil Degaim
Published: December 2024

Gill diseases, including those associated with gill infections, are some of the most common and severe health issues in farmed and wild fish. The occurrence of disease in the same location can result in fish from different phylogenetic groups presenting with similar pathological changes, suggesting that the disease is likely multifactorial. Gill diseases are therefore usually the result of complex interactions between the infectious agent, the host, and the environment. While gill diseases are often associated with microbial infections, they can also be exacerbated by environmental stress without microbial involvement. Indeed, primary gill infections are rare in fish, while an immune response detected in gill tissue of affected animals is common. This suggests that the environment plays a significant role in gill disease outbreaks. The aim of this review is to contribute towards a better understanding of the factors associated with gill infections in fish, as this is an important step in the management of gill diseases.
In wild and farmed fish, gill diseases are some of the most common and severe health issues. These diseases are often associated with microbial infections and can be exacerbated by environmental stress. Loss of osmoregulatory function, mechanical damage, and hypoxia are among the harmful effects these diseases have on fish gills. Therefore, managing gill diseases is an important aspect of fish health management. To do this, we need to develop an understanding of the factors that influence gill disease outbreaks, including how the composition of the gill microbiome changes and what effect the wider aquatic microbiome has on gill health. This knowledge can then be used to develop preventative measures or treatments that help to mitigate gill disease in affected animals.
First record of Paramyrothecium roridum as a causative agent of melon stem blight in Iraq
Authors: Eman Jabbar Mohammed  , Alaa O. Manea1
Published: December 2024

The study was conducted in the Plant Pathology Laboratory of the Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, during the period 2023-2024. The study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen Paramyrothecium roridum associated with melon stem blight disease morphologically and molecularly, evaluate its pathogenicity, and test the effect of chitosan on fungal growth in vitro conditions and the effect of the Bioagent Trichoderma viride on the pathogenic fungus. The results of the morphological diagnosis showed that the fungus consists of fungal colonies in the form of concentric circles and an  identification color. As the colony ages, the color becomes darker and the nature of the fungus growth is slow. It takes 10 days for the fungus to fill the entire plate. The results of the pathogenicity showed that the tested isolate caused the death of melon seedlings grown in pots. The germination rate and seedling death reached 56.66 and 36.33%, respectively, compared to the control treatment, which had a germination rate of 80.00 and seedling death of 4.00. The results showed The inhibition of chitosan at concentrations of 2%, 3% and 5% g/L the concentration of 5%  excelled by achieving a high inhibition rate, as the inhibition rate of fungal growth reached 100.00%, while the results of the antagonism with the bio fungus T. viride in the dual cultivation experiment were that the bio fungus T. viride has a high antagonistic ability in the PDA culture medium against the pathogenic fungus, as the antagonism degree reached 1.
Richter: Fragwürdige Helden und der wahre Held
Authors: Keller Timothy
Published: December 2024

Das Buch der Richter im Alten Testament steckt voller Gewalt und bietet Bibellesern keinen einfachen Zugang. Deshalb lassen wir es in unserem Bibelstudium gern außen vor. In diesem Kommentar der Reihe »Die Bibel erklärt« hilft Timothy Keller uns, die Bedeutung der Erzählungen über die fragwürdigen Helden zu verstehen. Er zeigt, wie das wiederholte Versagen der Richter uns auf den wahren Helden Jesus hinweist und wie das unser Herz und unser Leben verändern kann. Neben dem Kommentar ist ein Arbeitsheft für Gruppen und Leiter erhältlich, um das Buch in einer Kleingruppe zu studieren.
Analisis Kebijakan Digitalisasi dan Teknologi dalam Pendidikan
Authors: Fatrisna Yuli , Sesmira Meli , Mudarti Hasni , Rahmi Sri
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze digitalization and technology policies in education. This study uses a literature review approach to analyze policies related to digitalization and technology integration in education. This method involves systematically collecting, reviewing, and synthesizing relevant scientific articles, policy documents, and official reports published in the last decade. Data sources include peer-reviewed journals, books, government publications, and credible online repositories. Selection criteria are applied to ensure the inclusion of high-quality and relevant literature. The review is then followed by a thematic analysis framework to categorize the findings into key themes, such as policy objectives, implementation challenges, and impacts on educational outcomes. The results of the analysis show that the system and policies related to the implementation of the National Education Standards (SNP) in Indonesia, it can be concluded that SNP plays an important role as the main reference in efforts to improve the quality of education in all regions. To increase the effectiveness of the implementation of SNP, a more adaptive and contextual policy strategy is needed in accordance with the characteristics of each region. Strengthening the capacity of educators, improving educational infrastructure, and formulating policies that are more responsive to local dynamics are the top priorities in ensuring equitable distribution of national education quality
Penguatan Nilai-Nilai Civic Disposition dalam Mencegah Degradasi Moral di SMPN 5 Percut Sei Tuan
Authors: Situmorang Dandi Abram , Salsabila Tengku , Panggabean Naulita
Published: December 2024

This research addresses the issue of moral degradation among teenagers, particularly in the context of SMPN 5 Percut Sei Tuan. This research aims to identify and analyze civic values that are important to prevent moral degradation among students. The research method used is a qualitative approach. Interviews and focus group discussions with educators, parents, and students are used to gather insights into the existing moral landscape and civic values that need to be strengthened. The data obtained will be analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to identify the main themes that emerge from the research results. The research findings revealed that values such as responsibility, empathy, respect and active participation are critical to fostering a positive moral environment. This research contributes to the understanding of how educational institutions can play an important role in shaping adolescents' moral character. The recommendations provided aim to serve as a framework for educators and policy makers to implement effective strategies that not only improve academic achievement but also foster responsible and civic-minded citizens. Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of cultivating civic-minded values as a means to combat moral degradation and promote a healthier and more ethical society
Pengaruh Media Busy Book Berbahan Daur Ulang Terhadap Peningkatan Motorik Halus Peserta Didik di Kelas A Tk Pertiwi II Sossok
Authors: Dzafirah Siti , Kusyairy Umi , Hamansah Hamansah
Published: December 2024

Busy book media made from recycled materials is a type of book that is generally made from flannel combined with other recycled materials. This research aims to determine the effect of busy book media made from recycled materials on improving fine motor skills in students in class A, Kindergarten Pertiwi II Sossok, Mataran District, Kec. Anggeraja District. Enrekang. This research is a type of quantitative experimental approach. The experimental approach aims to test hypotheses related to cause-and-effect relationships and the population in this study is 20 students aged 4-5 years and residing in Kindergarten Pertiwi II Sossok, Mataran Village, Anggeraja District, Enrekang Regency. The data collection technique in this research uses observation and documentation which involves direct and structured observation of the results. Data analysis uses quantitative descriptive. The research results obtained show that students' fine motor skills before being treated using busy book media had an average pretest score of 14.6, which is included in the low category. After being treated with busy book media, the posttest score for students' fine motor skills increased to 32.4, which is included in the high category, of course this busy book media really influences students. Therefore, teachers are advised to use busy books made from recycled materials in the learning process to create an effective and enjoyable learning atmosphere for students
Pendidikan Islam Sebagai Sebuah Sistem dalam Pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Nurmila Nurmila , Silahuddin Silahuddin
Published: December 2024

The Islamic education system aims to develop human nature (basic potential) in order to become human resources with noble character. The Islamic education system is based on the ideology of monotheism which is sourced from the Qur'an and Al-Sunnah as well as ijtihad. This study uses a literature review approach. Literature reviews focus on the analysis and synthesis of relevant academic sources. In this study, data and information that support writing are collected by searching the library, searching for relevant sources, and searching for data through the internet. The analysis is carried out through a systematic process in identifying, categorizing, and comparing various strategies and methods used in the Islamic education environment in Indonesia. The results of this study explain that the system in the context of education refers to the education system or learning system, which includes various elements, processes, and structures involved in the implementation of education. This system includes the ways in which education is delivered to students, the rules that govern educational activities, and the structure of the institution that organizes it. The Islamic education system in Indonesia has characteristics that have developed along with the long history of Islamic civilization in the country. Islamic education in Indonesia can be found in various forms, ranging from formal to informal educational institutions
CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A ECONOMIA CRIATIVA DE BASE TERRITORIAL: UM QUADRO ANALÍTICO MULTIDIMENSIONAL
Authors: Pacheco Adriano Pereira de Castro , Gustavo Benini Elcio
Published: December 2024

Este artigo coloca em perspectiva a relação entre a economia criativa e território. O objetivo é estabelecer um quadro analítico para a elaboração do conceito de economia criativa de base territorial. O percurso metodológico compreendeu a realização da pesquisa-diagnóstico “Redes Híbridas de Cultura: cartografia relacional da economia criativa e solidária em Campo Grande” e a seleção de casos múltiplos para o aprofundamento da análise. Os dados foram coletados inicialmente por meio de questionário e aprofundados utilizando-se entrevistas nos casos selecionados. Por fim, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo com apoio de redes semânticas para articular todos os dados e informações obtidos. Os resultados propõem um constructo multidimensional para compreensão da economia criativa a partir das dinâmicas e fluxos do território, apoiando-se essencialmente nas dimensões simbólico-cultural, econômica e político-institucional.
PRECARIEDADE DIGITAL NA ERA DE ABUNDÂNCIA NAS REDES?
Authors: Moreira Sonia Vírgnia , Del Bianco Nelia Rodrigues , Franco dos Santos Martins Cézar
Published: December 2024

Este artigo analisa o processo de inclusão-exclusão digital considerando as condições de infraestrutura existentes nas escolas públicas dos nove estados que compõem a região da Amazônia Legal, área geográfica com mais de 5 milhões de quilômetros quadrados, que correspondem a 61% do território brasileiro e abrange 772 municípios (IBGE, 2021). O argumento central se refere à fragilidade e à fragmentação das políticas de acesso à internet no provimento de serviços de telecomunicações nas localidades da Amazônia Legal com Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal Baixo e Muito Baixo. Como recurso metodológico para organizar dados e fundamentar a análise da conectividade na Amazônia Legal observa a demografia e identifica variáveis que influem na distribuição de pontos de acesso à internet em escolas públicas; sistematiza as políticas de conexão digital; identifica desequilíbrios digitais que subsistam na educação básica pública e como podem afetar a formação escolar no interior do Brasil. Observa-se que em escolas públicas municipais, onde em geral o acesso e/ou a qualidade do sinal de internet são deficientes, a oferta de conectividade significativa, serviço com velocidade otimizada, ainda é meta a ser atingida. Situação     que requer ações coordenadas para garantir a possibilidade real de infraestrutura condizente; políticas viáveis para o setor com a ordenação das normas para investimentos público e privado; quadro legal harmônico e atual que normatize o acesso e as formas de financiamento atendendo às peculiaridades regionais.