bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personal Protection Equipment Training as a Virtual Reality Game in Immersive Environments: Development and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhou Liang , Liu Haoyang , Fan Mengjie , Liu Jiahao , Yu Xingyao , Zhao Xintian , Zhang Shaoxing
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Proper donning and doffing of personal protection equipment (PPE) and hand hygiene in the correct spatial context of a health facility is important for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. On-site training is difficult due to the potential infectious risks and shortages of PPE, whereas video-based training lacks immersion which is vital for the familiarization of the environment. Virtual reality (VR) training can support repeated practice of PPE donning and doffing in an immersive environment that simulates a realistic configuration of a health facility.

OBJECTIVE

The aim is to develop and evaluate a VR simulation focusing on the correct order of PPE donning and doffing in an immersive environment that replicates the spatial zoning of a hospital. The VR method should be generic and support customizable sequencing of PPE donning and doffing.

METHODS

An immersive VR PPE training tool was developed by computer scientists and medical experts. The effectiveness of the immersive VR method versus video-based learning was tested in a pilot study as a randomized controlled trial (N=32: VR group N=16, video-based training N=16) using questionnaires on spatial-aware order memorization questions, usability, and task workload. Trajectories of participants in the immersive environment were also recorded for analysis.

RESULTS

The analysis of the study data showed that the VR group had significantly better usability in the System Usability Scale (VR: \mu=74.78,\ \sigma=13.58 vs. Video: \mu=57.73,\ \sigma=21.13,\ p=0.009) than the video group. Comparable sequence memorization scores (VR: \mu=\ 79.38,\ \sigma=12.90 vs. Video: \mu=74.38,\ \sigma=17.88,\ p=0.372) as well as NASA-TLX scores (VR: \mu=42.9,\ \sigma=13.01 vs. Video: \mu=51.50,\ \sigma=20.44,\ p=0.168) were observed. The analysis and visualization of trajectories revealed a positive correlation between the length of trajectories and the completion time, but neither correlated to the accuracy of the memorization task. Further user feedback indicated a preference for the VR method over the video-based method. Limitations of and suggestions for improvements in the study were also identified.

CONCLUSIONS

A new immersive VR PPE training method was developed and evaluated against the video-based training. Results of the pilot study indicate that the VR method provides comparable training quality to the video-based training with better usability. In addition, the immersive experience of realistic settings and the flexibility of training configurations make the VR method a promising alternative to video instructions.

CLINICALTRIAL

Our pilot study was a randomized controlled trial involving University students. It was not a clinical trial and did not involve patients or patient data. Therefore, it was not registered as a clinical trial
Toward a Mental Health Counseling System: A Bibliometric and Qualitative Analysis of Dialogue Systems for Mental Health (Preprint)
Authors: Han Jinyoung , Lee Daeun , Yoo Dongje , Yang Migyeong , An Jihyun
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The importance of mental health has been increasingly highlighted, yet many individuals still face barriers to accessing suitable interventions. Although AI-based dialogue systems for mental health enhancement have advanced notably to address this issue, comprehensive surveys in this area, particularly those considering studies that adopt large language models (LLMs), remain scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to conduct a quantitative and qualitative review of current research trends in AI-driven dialogue systems for enhancing mental health.

METHODS

This study performed a bibliometric analysis and a trend review analysis of AI-driven dialogue systems for mental health, covering literature from 2020 to May 2024 across three citation databases—WoS, Scopus, and ACM Digital Library. The bibliometric analysis statistically assessed the distribution of publications, while the qualitative trend review focused on three key areas: (i) highly cited publications, (ii) those using the ESConv dataset, and (iii) those employing LLMs.

RESULTS

We reviewed 146 papers published between 2020 and 2024, observing a steady increase in publications over the last five years. Our bibliometric analysis examined publication distribution across sources, countries, institutions, and authors, while keyword network analysis highlighted major themes. Most of the top 10 highly cited papers focused on empathetic response generation, incorporating psychological approaches within deep learning models. For the ESConv dataset’s application in counseling, prominent techniques included multi-task learning and the integration of external knowledge. Lastly, we identified notable advantages of LLMs over traditional deep learning models and explored strategies to overcome their limitations as counseling tools.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study identifies key areas for developing counseling dialogue systems, such as incorporating psychological knowledge, improving data access, applying LLMs, and refining evaluation methods. By examining current research trends and establishing a foundational framework, this work offers future directions to enhance the effectiveness of AI counseling systems, contributing to both the machine learning and psychology fields.
Microbiome’s Place in Meat: Contributions of the Meat Processing Built Environment Microbiome to Pathogen Persistence
Authors: Belk Aeriel D.
Published: November 2024

Meat processing facilities create a perfect niche environment for microbial growth and persistence, both freely and in biofilms. These organisms exist in complex communities, characterized by cooperation and competition, and we are trying to understand how these dynamics are impacted by the introduction of pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes. Here, we will introduce you to our current knowledge of the meat processing microbiome and our new work on the microbial interactions within it when pathogens are introduced. We will discuss how resilient these microbiomes are and environmental features that could be harnessed to alter them to improve food safety and quality in meats.
ПРЯМАЯ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ВНЕКЛЕТОЧНЫХ ВЕЗИКУЛ НА МЕМБРАНЕ МЕЗЕНХИМНЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ/СТРОМАЛЬНЫХ КЛЕТОК ЧЕЛОВЕКА МЕТОДОМ КРИОЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ МИКРОСКОПИИ
Authors: Моисеенко А.В. , Басалова Н.А. , Багров Д.В. , Трифонова Т.С. , Виговский М.А. , Дьячкова У.Д. , Григорьева О.А. , Новоселецкая Е.С. , Ефименко А.Ю. , Соколова О.С.
Published: November 2024

Внеклеточные везикулы (ВВ) играют важную роль в межклеточной коммуникации и влияют на множество физиологических и патологических процессов. Мембранно-ассоциированные внеклеточные везикулы (МАВ) представляют собой особый малоизученный класс внеклеточных везикул. В данной работе продемонстрировано использование метода крио-электронной микроскопии (крио-ЭМ) для изучения МАВ, секретируемых мезенхимными стволовыми/стромальными клетками человека (МСК). С помощью крио-ЭМ удалось обнаружить везикулы с диаметром от 50 до 750 нм, расположенные вблизи поверхности клеток. Полученные результаты помогут в дальнейшем изучении физиологической роли МАВ и установлении их связи с клеточными мембранами.
Un recorrido analítico sobre la culpa del sobreviviente
Authors: Mejía Quintana Juliana
Published: November 2024

Carlos Muñoz-Serna, y Carlos G. Patarroyo Gutiérrez, Culpa sin trasgresión. Un análisis filosófico de la culpa del sobreviviente, Lambda, Ciudad de México, 2023, 152pp., ISBN-10: 6075971564, ISBN-13: 978-6075971568
José Medina, The Epistemology of Protest. Silencing, Epistemic Activism, and the Communicative Life of Resistance
Authors: Jerade Miriam
Published: November 2024

José Medina, The Epistemology of Protest. Silencing, Epistemic Activism, and the Communicative Life of Resistance, Oxford University Press, Nueva York, 2023, 436pp. ISBN 9780197660904
Exploring the Connection Between Bacterial Biofilms and Renal Calculi: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mohankumar A. , Ganesh Raghuram , Shanmugam Priyadarshini
Published: November 2024

Bacterial biofilms, structured communities of microorganisms enmeshed in an extracellular matrix, have emerged as significant players in various pathological processes. Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, pose a prevalent medical concern, and recent research has highlighted the potential influence of bacterial biofilms in their formation and persistence. This review explores the development of biofilms on the surface of urinary tract stones and how they create a favorable environment for the colonization of bacteria. This colonization, in turn, can lead to chronic infections, stone enlargement, and recurrent stone formation. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of the dynamic interplay between bacterial biofilms and renal calculi. It emphasizes the role of biofilm-related mechanisms in chronic infections, inflammation, and mineral deposition, underscoring the potential for innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at managing and preventing biofilm-associated renal calculi.
Prevalent Plant Growth Hormone Indole-3-acetic Acid Produced by Streptomyces sp. VSMKU1027 and its Potential Antifungal Activity against Phytofungal Pathogens
Authors: Devi V. Vimala , Rani K.C.M. Esther , Asaph Rathish Sam , Suresh P. , Gomathinayagam S. , Shanmugaiah V.
Published: November 2024

Microorganisms and plants can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by mechanisms that either involve tryptophan or do not involve tryptophan. The control of Zone of inhibition (ZOI) ranged from 1.2 cm to 1.0 cm. A promising antagonistic isolate, Streptomyces sp. VSMKU1027, exhibited robust antagonistic activity against two significant soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi, namely Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum, outperforming the control. The morphology of both R. solani and F. oxysporum, including their sclerotium and spores, became condensed and indistinct, and mycelial disintegration was observed due to the action of VSMKU1027, in contrast to the control. The isolate significantly produced antimicrobial traits and hydrolytic enzymes except hydrogen cyanide and cellulase. Furthermore, the promising isolate VSMKU1027 was identified as Streptomyces sp. based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. In comparison to the control, the isolate VSMKU1027 demonstrated increased synthesis of IAA and the hydrolytic enzyme protease with the corresponding substrates. The production of IAA was optimized on the sixth day, at 35°C and pH 6.5. The highest generation of IAA was recorded, with an ISP2 and 0.4% concentration of L-tryptophan.
Virulotyping, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling and DNA Fingerprinting of Escherichia coli Isolates from Neonatal Calves
Authors: Athira V. , Nair Sonu S. , Thomas Prasad , Inbaraj Sophia , Kumar M. Suman , Akkara Thanksy S. , Chaudhuri Pallab , Sharun Khan , Kumar Bablu , Chaturvedi V.K. , Dandapat Premanshu , Abhishek
Published: November 2024

Escherichia coli harbors various virulence factors responsible for diarrhea and other diseases in neonatal calves. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the diarrheagenic and non-diarrheagenic E. coli may impose a potential health hazard among the calves and make the antibacterial therapy ineffective. The virulence gene expression among AMR strains plays a crucial role in establishing diarrheal disease with therapeutic complications. This study investigates the diversity of E. coli isolates from neonatal calves. E. coli isolated from the fecal samples were subsequently subjected to pathotyping and virulotyping using the PCR technique. AMR profiling was done by phenotypic and genotypic methods. The ERIC pattern of E. coli pathotypes was compared and correlated with the pattern of AMR and virulence traits. 179 isolates were obtained from 158 fecal samples collected from neonatal calves. Forty-two isolates were pathotypable; predominated by shigatoxigenic E. coli. Seventy-four isolates were ESBL producers. Nineteen isolates were carbapenem resistant and 68 isolates exhibited quinolone resistance. blaAmpC, blaVIM and qnrS were the predominant genes detected among ESBL, carbapenem and quinolone resistance genes, respectively. The present study indicated diverse virulence profiles and the presence of significant ESBL, carbapenem and fluoroquinolone resistance among E. coli pathotypes from calves. The analysis of resistance profiling indicates the risks associated with the indiscriminate antibiotic use among farm animals, which may pose a potential health hazard to livestock owners.
Masquerading Lethal Strongyloidiasis in A Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Murthy Neetha S. , Rao Morubagal Raghavendra , Gowda Ranjitha Shankare , Tejashree A. , Shah Nikita
Published: November 2024

Strongyloides stercoralis is a nematode typified by a complex replication cycle exhibiting autoinfection, parthenogenesis and a long tenacity of survival in the human host. This infection remains endemic in the humid tropical countries of the world. There exists no gold standard test for the diagnosis of this parasitic infection. However, Inability to clinch the diagnosis can prove fatal among immunosuppressed individuals. We report one such rare case of strongyloidiasis presenting as thrombocytopenic acute gastroenteritis in a patient with chronic kidney disease.
Conditioning Factors in the Formation of the Inverted Intra-lagoon Delta of the Urussanga Velha Lagoon, Southern Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Leal Renato Amabile , Barboza Eduardo Guimarães , Andrade Mauro Michelena , Bitencourt Volney Júnior Borges
Published: November 2024

The Southern Santa Catarina Coastal Plain is formed by the overlapping of sedimentary deposits of two lagoon/barrier depositional systems. One of the lagoons of the most recent system (holocenic) presents an intra-lagoon delta of peculiar morphology. This delta is formed from the ocean into the lagoon. The present study aimed to identify which are the factors responsible for the formation and evolution of this morphological feature. To identify the conditioning factors involved, a spatiotemporal analysis was conducted between 1957 and 2012. Remote sensing data was used to identify hydrodynamic patterns. This data was analyzed together with water parameters (turbidity and salinity) and relative sea level. The correlation between this information and climatological data (low and very low-frequency climate variabilities) was also integrated. The main conditioning factors identified included: phase changes of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and of the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO); the influence of positive low-frequency sea-level oscillations (storm surge); and human interference. Both climate variability modes were associated with a high occurrence of rainfall in the region, which consequently provided a high availability of sediments in the Urussanga River fluvial-estuarine system. In addition to influencing rainfall increase, periods, when El Niño predominated, tended to result in a high occurrence of positive storm surges, which influenced the hydrodynamic flow responsible for transporting sediment towards the lagoon’s interior and, consequently, for forming the delta.
Culturas infantis nas fotografias do parque Violeta Dória Lins (décadas de 1940 a 1960)
Authors: Ferreira Flávia Martinelli , Carqueijeiro de Medeiros Daniele Cristina , Wiggers Ingrid Dittrich
Published: November 2024

O Parque Infantil Violeta Dória Lins foi inaugurado em 1940, em Campinas, como parte de um projeto mais amplo que tinha como finalidade educar e cuidar de crianças. Nesses parques, as intenções educativas evidenciavam o papel da arquitetura e da natureza. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender as culturas infantis nas produções materiais e simbólicas produzidas para as crianças que frequentaram parques infantis entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960 na cidade de Campinas. Para essa investigação, foram selecionadas fotografias do acervo da instituição, bem como do Museu da Imagem e do Som de Campinas. A análise evidenciou que havia dois padrões de fotografias armazenados. Um empenhado na exibição das estruturas edificadas; outro, das práticas educativas que envolviam as crianças. Concluímos que as particularidades do projeto educacional dos Parques Infantis representavam possibilidades profícuas para a produção de culturas infantis, a partir da valorização do contato com a natureza e de um programa pedagógico voltado para atividades artísticas, trabalhos manuais, jogos e brincadeiras.
“A felicidade é uma coisa que os olhos transmitem”
Authors: Yoshida Hélio Mamoru , Ferreira Soraia Daniela Pires , Marmeleira José Francisco Filipe , Teixeira Fernandes Paula
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as percepções das pessoas idosas sobre as características que contribuíram para as conexões sociais em um programa de exercícios físicos sistematizados. Para isso, utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa e foram entrevistados 18 participantes após um programa de 16 semanas de treino. Foi realizada uma entrevista presencial, a partir de um roteiro com questões semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados pelo método de Análise Temática. Foram identificados quatro temas gerais: a) motivação extrínseca, b) características do grupo, c) características pessoais, e d) características profissionais. Além disso, foram identificados alguns atributos, como ter pessoas conhecidas nos programas, estar em grupo de participantes com idades próximas, estar aberto ao diálogo e ter profissionais com características socioafetivas como comunicação, empatia, entre outros, que podem influenciar na percepção de conexões sociais durante o exercício físico, potencializando seus benefícios e contribuindo para uma vida mais ativa.
Manuel Sérgio en la Educación Física colombiana
Authors: Almeida Felipe Quintão , Gil Eusse Karen Lorena
Published: November 2024

El artículo presenta un análisis sobre la influencia de Manuel Sérgio en la Educación Física colombiana. Empieza por caracterizar las propuestas del filósofo sobre la Ciencia de la Motricidad Human y sus relaciones con la Educación Física. Después de este movimiento, presenta algunas críticas a su perspectiva para, finalmente, discutir el impacto del autor en el campo académico del país.
A cobertura televisiva sobre atletas transgênero
Authors: Pedrosa Gabriel Frazão Silva , Garcia Rafael Marques , Pereira Erik Giuseppe Barbosa
Published: November 2024

Hoje em dia, o cenário esportivo, sobretudo retratado pelas mídias, vem apresentando novas perspectivas em relação às práticas atlético-esportivas LGBTI+. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a cobertura televisiva sobre a participação de atletas trans no esporte, com base no programa Esporte Espetacular. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa e exploratória, utilizando a etnografia de tela como ferramenta de produção dos dados. Foram analisadas 4 reportagens produzidas de 2017 a 2019, totalizando aproximadamente 35 minutos. Os achados permitem inferir que todas as narrativas televisivas apresentam equívocos conceituais e uma abordagem que tende ao sensacionalismo, além de enfocarem um tipo específico de identidade transgênero, no discurso biomédico da vantagem e da testosterona e de episódios de negação, constrangimento e não-reconhecimento do corpo trans no Esporte.
Modelos legislativos e sistemas de políticas esportivas
Authors: Athayde Pedro , Medeiros Filho Adovaldo Dias de , Mascarenhas Fernando , Figueiredo António
Published: November 2024

Este artigo aborda as normas gerais do esporte no Brasil e Portugal a partir de uma perspectiva comparativa. Parte-se do pressuposto que o esporte deve ser foco de atenção estatal e das políticas públicas como estratégia de desenvolvimento da cidadania. O objetivo principal é analisar comparativamente a legislação esportiva de Brasil e Portugal, sobretudo os atos que estabeleceram as normas gerais para este setor em âmbito nacional. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritivo-analítica de abordagem qualitativa e abrangência exploratória, organizada a partir de trabalho de campo e análise e tratamento do material empírico e documental. A análise de conteúdo dos documentos confirmou que no Brasil o financiamento é o tema de destaque na atuação normativa do Estado, ao passo que em Portugal o exercício regulatório é a principal preocupação. Nos dois países foi possível observar o impacto dos megaeventos na esfera legislativa, com a produção de atos excepcionais.
Revisão sistemática sobre a Educação Física escolar na BNCC
Authors: Donato Caio Fernandes , Moreira João Luís Mendonça , Ferrari Carlos Eduardo Rafael de Andrade , Mocarzel Rafael Carvalho da Silva
Published: November 2024

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) foi criada para colaborar com a educação escolar brasileira. Contudo, após publicada em definitivo, deu-se início ao período pandêmico, que dificultou o direcionamento das propostas elencadas pela BNCC, principalmente no campo da Educação Física Escolar (EFE), onde se trabalha intensamente a cultura corporal do movimento no viés prático e colaborativo. Além disso, publicações sobre ela ainda pareciam escassas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho emerge da intenção de engendrar um levantamento bibliográfico apoiado em textos que abordam como tema a BNCC e a EFE, no intento de expor e colocar em pauta a escassez de conteúdo acerca de tais proposições. Metodologicamente, este estudo se apresenta no formato de revisão sistemática. Sendo assim, após a análise dos seis textos que compuseram a dita revisão, foi possível notar de fato a escassez e a carência de material que trate de um tema tão caro. Nesse caso, considerando a importância da BNCC, espera-se que este estudo tenha trazido evidências que o referido tema ainda é pouco estudado, necessitando maiores reflexões sobre o assunto.
Simultaneous Prostate Target Biopsy Integrated With Radical Prostatectomy: A Pilot Study Omitting Preoperative Systematic Biopsy
Authors: Park Tae Young , Hwang Jae Young , Yun Seong Woo , Hyun Chang Wan , Yoon Sung Goo , Kim Seung Bin , Noh Tae Il , Shim Ji Sung , Park Min Goo , Kang Seok Ho , Kang Sung Gu
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study evaluates the viability of a new method that employs transperineal targeted biopsy with frozen section analysis immediately followed by robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), bypassing the traditional systematic biopsy deemed essential by current guidelines.Materials and Methods: Patient selection was based on the following inclusion criteria: those who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy with frozen section analysis and concurrent RARP. Eligibility also required features indicative of Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 5 lesion on multiparametric MRI, along with one of these additional criteria: (1) MRI evidence suggesting extracapsular extension (ECE) with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >10 ng/mL, or (2) a PSA level > 20 ng/mL.Results: Twelve patients were enrolled in this study according to inclusion criteria. The median age (interquartile range) was 73.5 (69.5–75.3) years and PSA was 22.9 (17.0–29.9) ng/mL. Three patients had PI-RADS 5 lesions, and 9 had PI-RADS 5 lesions with findings of ECE. In all cases, the diagnosis based on frozen sections confirmed adenocarcinoma. Following confirmation, each patient underwent immediate RARP. According to the final pathology report, 2 patients had International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 2 disease, 7 patients had ISUP grade 3, 1 had ISUP grade 4, and 2 had ISUP grade 5 disease. Four patients had stage pT2 disease, 3 had stage pT3a, and 5 had stage pT3b. The median immediate reporting time of the target biopsy frozen section was 20 (19.3–24.5) minutes. No perioperative complications related to target biopsy were observed.Conclusion: For patients with a strong suspicion of prostate cancer and a PI-RADS 5 lesion, integrating simultaneous prostate frozen target biopsy with radical prostatectomy may offer a feasible treatment alternative, obviating the necessity for a preoperative systematic biopsy.
A Machine Learning Model for Prostate Cancer Prediction in Korean Men
Authors: Choi Sukjung , So Beomgi , Oh Shane , Park Hongzoo , Lee Sang Wook , Song Geehyun , Lee Jong Min , Jo Jung Ki , Kim Seon Hyeok , Lee Si Eun , Cho Eun-Bi , Jung Jae Hung , Kim Jeong Hyun
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Unnecessary prostate biopsies for detecting prostate cancer (PCa) should be minimized. Therefore, this study developed a machine learning (ML) model to predict PCa in Korean men and evaluated its usability.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 928 patients who underwent prostate biopsies at Kangwon National University Hospital between May 2013 and May 2023. Of these, 377 (41.6%) were diagnosed with PCa, and 551 (59.4%) did not have cancer. For external validation, clinical data from 385 patients aged 48–89 years who underwent prostate biopsies from September 2005 to September 2023 at Wonju Severance Christian Hospital were also included. Twenty-two clinical features were used to develop an ML model to predict PCa. Features were selected based on their contributions to model performance, leading to the inclusion of 15 features. A meta-learner was constructed using logistic regression to predict the probability of PCa, and the classifier was trained and validated on randomly extracted training and test sets at an 8:2 ratio.Results: The prostate health index, prostate volume, age, nodule on digital rectal examination, and prostate-specific antigen were the top 5 features for predicting PCa. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the meta-learner logistic regression model was 0.89, and the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.828, 0.711, and 0.909, respectively. Our model also showed excellent prediction performance for high-grade PCa, with a Gleason score of 7 or higher and an AUC of 0.903. Furthermore, we evaluated the performance of the model using external cohort clinical data and achieved an AUC of 0.863.Conclusions: Our ML model excelled in predicting PCa, specifically clinically significant PCa. Although extensive cross-validation in other clinical cohorts is needed, this ML model is a promising option for future diagnostics.
The Emerging Treatment of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin)-Unresponsive Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Park Jong Ho , Oh Jong Jin
Published: November 2024

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the cornerstone in the treatment of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), effectively preventing recurrence and progression. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of patients are classified as BCG-unresponsive, and there have been no definite alternative treatments for these disease group except for radical cystectomy, which is still challenging and sometimes not applicable. Therefore, there has been a need for alternative bladder-preserving treatments for patients who desire a bladder-sparing approach or are too frail for major surgery. Intravesical therapies, such as gemcitabine, mitomycin C and docetaxel, are mostly studied approaches, showing some promising results. However, no definitive conclusion has be drawn because of the heterogeneity of the studies and protocols and the limited number of patients enrolled in most of these studies. Immunotherapy and anti-inflammatory agents, though promising, require further validation through ongoing clinical trials to ensure their safety and efficacy. Gene therapy is also being explored, though it is in its early stages, with challenges in gene delivery and immune regulation still to be addressed. Photodynamic therapy and hyperthermia, particularly in combination with other treatments like intravesical chemotherapy, have shown potential in improving outcomes for BCG-unresponsive patients, though they are not yet considered first-line treatments. While these novel approaches hold promise, more robust data and clinical trial results are necessary to guide treatment protocols. In conclusion, ongoing research and clinical trials will continue to shape the future of NMIBC management, with the aim of providing more effective and bladder-preserving options for patients.
Early Experience of the Single-Port Robotic Transvesical Radical Prostatectomy: Case Series
Authors: Chung Jae Hoon , Kim Hwanik , Bang Woo Jin , Oh Cheol Young , Cho Jin Seon
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of single-port transvesical robotic radical prostatectomy.Materials and Methods: Four patients underwent a transvesical robotic radical prostatectomy using a singleport robotic system. The procedure involved a 2.5-cm suprapubic incision to access the anterior bladder wall, which was incised by approximately 2 cm. Utilizing a floating-docking technique.Results: All surgeries were successfully completed without the need for additional ports or open conversion. Intraoperative complications were not observed. The median (interquartile range, IQR) console time was 159 (96–198) minutes. The median (IQR) estimated blood loss was 350 (300–700) mL. The median (IQR) duration for Foley catheter removal and patient discharge postsurgery was 7.5 (6–10) days. None of the patients experienced total incontinence after Foley catheter removal, and at 1-month postsurgery, all patients used only a safety pad. Pathology revealed positive surgical margins in 2 patients (both with pT3a and pT3b), with one of these patients having a persistent prostate-specific antigen level of 0.48 ng/mL at 1-month postsurgery. Additionally, 2 patients experienced gross hematuria within 2-week postdischarge.Conclusion: This series demonstrates that single-port robotic transvesical radical prostatectomy is a feasible procedure with favorable perioperative functional outcomes. This offers the advantage of rapid continence recovery without oncological disadvantages.
Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence-Based Computed Tomography Analysis of Myosteatosis in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kang Byeong Jin , Kim Kyung Hwan , Hong Seung Baek , Lee Nam Kyung , Kim Suk , Kim Sihwan , Ha Hong Koo
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Myosteatosis, defined as fat infiltration in muscle tissue, has been linked to poor outcomes in various cancers. However, the prognostic impact of myosteatosis on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the predictive value of myosteatosis based on an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven computed tomography (CT) analysis in patients with localized RCC who underwent partial nephrectomy.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 170 patients with localized RCC who underwent partial nephrectomy at a single institution between 2011 and 2017. Myosteatosis was assessed on CT scans using an AI-based tool. The patients were categorized into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of myosteatosis. The clinical outcomes, including disease-free survival (DFS), were compared to determine the prognostic significance of myosteatosis.Results: Of 170 patients, 36 (21.2%) were diagnosed with myosteatosis. These patients were older and had a higher body mass index. The myosteatosis group had a higher proportion of females than the no myosteatosis group. Lymphovascular invasion and tumor necrosis were prevalent pathological features in patients with myosteatosis. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that myosteatosis was associated with significantly shorter DFS (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that myosteatosis independently predicted adverse outcomes in patients with localized RCC.Conclusion: AI-based CT analysis of myosteatosis is a reliable method for improving the risk stratification of patients with localized RCC. Patients with myosteatosis demonstrate poor pathological features and shorter DFS. These findings highlight the potential of AI-driven body composition analysis to refine prognostic models and personalized treatment strategies.
Exploring the Evolving Role of Metastasectomy in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kwon Jongkyou , Bang Sungun , Cho Kang Su
Published: November 2024

In the treatment of metastatic lesions in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), no clear consensus exists regarding whether immunotherapy should be combined with surgical resection or metastasectomy. Systemic therapies have significantly improved outcomes for advanced RCC patients and extended both progression-free and overall survival. However, complete disease eradication with drug therapy alone remains rare, and this limitation has renewed interest in metastasectomy for metastatic RCC. Although robust evidence is still lacking, many researchers have suggested that aggressive surgical approaches involving metastasectomy may improve survival in selected patients by controlling the cancer burden through the resection of primary and metastatic lesions. Novel immunotherapies have transformed solid tumor treatment, prompting a reevaluation of the role of metastasectomy. Recent studies have shown promise in combining systemic therapies with metastasectomy for metastatic RCC, emphasizing the need for further research and individualized, multidisciplinary approaches.
Public expectations of where and how to communicate corporate social responsibility
Authors: Adanlawo Eyitayo Francis , Chaka Mpho
Published: November 2024

There is an emphasis on corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, but research on how and where to communicate CSR is lacking. To investigate how and where to communicate CSR, an online survey instrument was developed to sample a total of 100 consumer panel members. A total of 31 items were included to measure the public’s general expectations for CSR communication. Findings reveal that CSR needs to be communicated to internal stakeholders before external stakeholders and ensure employee commitment to the company’s CSR initiatives. In communicating within the workplace, the development of human resources is most significant. In terms of corporate governance practices, financial reporting is the most significant. Likewise, reports on the community reveal mobilization of resources for social investment is the most significant. Whereas communication on environmental education activities is the most significant in CSR communication of the environment. In addressing the second objective, findings reveal that companies should play a role in society beyond economic benefit generation. The results show that society’s concern is important in deciding where to communicate CSR. The study suggests that knowing where and how to communicate CSR that will appeal to the public will significantly affect the image and reputation of the company.
Correction of the IEC formula for the eddy-current loss factor: The case of single-core cables in trefoil formation with metallic screens bonded and earthed at one end
Authors: Sucurovic Marko , Klimenta Dardan , Tasic Dragan
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this paper is to propose and apply the correct formula for the
eddy-current loss factor for the case of three single-core cables in trefoil
formation with metallic screens and armourings bonded and earthed at one
end. This metallic screen bonding design is contrasted to the design where
metallic screens and armourings are bonded and earthed at both ends, that
is, the eddy-current loss factor is contrasted to the circulating-current
loss factor. Ampacity calculations are carried out for 12 different
underground lines with power cables of the type Cu/XLPE/CTS/PVC/AWA/PVC 1/C
19/33 kV (BS 6622), assuming that the 33 kV cables are installed directly in
the soil without drying out. The ampacity is calculated analytically in
accordance with IEC 60287-1-1 and IEC 60287-2-1, and numerically in
accordance with IEC TR 62095. The numerical calculations are carried out to
verify the accuracy of the proposed formula using the finite element method
(FEM) in COMSOL 4.3. A validation of the proposed formula is conducted based
on the manufacturer's technical data for the considered cables. The
calculated ampacity values determined the incompleteness of the current IEC
formula for the eddy-current loss factor, and verified the accuracy of the
proposed one.
Új szemléletek a nemzetközi kutatásban a második világháború után
Authors: Mester Zsolt , Faragó Norbert , Király Attila
Published: November 2024

From the 1960s, archaeological research focussed on the behaviour of prehistoric people and their relationship to the natural environment. The paleoethnological approach developed by French researchers provided a framework for many theoretical and methodological innovations in lithic studies, including problems related to raw material management. The procurement system concept and the classification of raw material sources allow us to examine the behaviour related to raw materials and the identification of possible sources in a more complex manner.
DAMPAK INCOME EXPECTATION TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA DIMEDIASI OLEH ENTREPRENEURSHIP KNOWLEDGE PADA PENGUSAHA KULINER
Authors: Ardiansyah Mhd
Published: November 2024

This study explores how income expectations influence entrepreneurial interest, with entrepreneurship knowledge acting as a mediator among culinary entrepreneurs in the Medan Johor District. This study was conducted as associative research with a quantitative approach; the study surveyed 116 entrepreneurs in the district. Using multiple linear regression and the Sobel test for data analysis, with support from SPSS software, the findings reveal several key insights. Income expectations positively influence entrepreneurship knowledge and directly enhance entrepreneurial interest. Additionally, entrepreneurship knowledge positively affects entrepreneurial interest. Income expectations and entrepreneurship knowledge contribute to fostering entrepreneurial interest, and income expectations impact entrepreneurial interest by mediating entrepreneurship knowledge.
Keywords: Income Expectation; Entrepreneurial Interest; Entrepreneurship Knowledge
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh Income Expectation terhadap minat berwirausaha, dengan peran Enterpreneurship Knowledge sebagai variabel mediasi, pada pengusaha kuliner di Kecamatan Medan Johor. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel yang digunakan adalah pengusaha kuliner di Kecamatan Medan Johor, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 116 orang. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis regresi linier berganda dan uji sobel, menggunakan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Income Expectation berpengaruh positif terhadap Enterpreneurship Knowledge. Income Expectation juga memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap minat berwirausaha. Selain itu, Enterpreneurship Knowledge berpengaruh positif terhadap minat berwirausaha. Secara keseluruhan, Income Expectation dan Enterpreneurship Knowledge bersama-sama memengaruhi minat berwirausaha. Income Expectation berpengaruh positif terhadap minat berwirausaha melalui perantara Enterpreneurship Knowledge.
Kata Kunci: Ekspektasi Pendapatan; Minat Berwirausaha; Pengetahuan Berwirausaha
Exploring De-Pragmatization as a Language Enrichment Strategy with Reference to Iraqi Arabic
Authors: Kadhim Basim Jubair
Published: November 2024

This study deals with having the pragmatic force of a given expression be lost under certain processes of de-contextualization, conventionalization and abstraction. This phenomenon is introduced under the term ‘de- pragmatization’. It is addressed as a broad strategy that enriches language with new contexts of use for expressions that already exist in different contexts. The phenomenon in question is tested via selected expressions from Iraqi Arabic, as an objective to explore the strategies of de-pragmatization to borrow new contexts through certain strategies such as semantic erosion, formalization, institutionalization, disambiguation, simplification, elimination of the cultural aspects, loss of context, literalization, avoiding pragmatic markers, and abstractions. The de-pragmatized expressions can be identified with such features as recontextualization, minimizing illocutionary load, conventional meaning, frequent use, and used by people of influence. This process plays a key role in shaping language and future communication modes as it can be viewed as a significant indicator of a language’s adaptability and responsiveness to societal paradigm shifts.
A case of delayed initial response to combination ipilimumab and nivolumab in malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Pillippu Hewa Chamodi , Khan Yasir
Published: November 2024

Malignant pleural mesothelioma has a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options Although numerous trials have shown that combination immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab is one of the first line treatments for patients with unresectable MPM, there is limited data on delayed responses over a long follow up period. We report a case of a delayed response 7 months after the cessation of immunotherapy in a patient who initially had progressive malignant pleural mesothelioma with metastases.
Agronomic characteristics and economic performance of cocoa farms in Haiti
Authors: Duvivier Predner , Doréus Gelin , Tescar Robers-Pierre , Carvil Nicolas Ophny
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to describe the agronomic characteristics of the cocoa based farms, estimate their agronomic and economic performance and carry out a gender analysis. Data relating to crops economic value or food security importance, household size, farmers’ age, farm size, crop yield and farm family income were collected by focus groups or individual surveys. The results showed that, in average, the households’ size was 4.37 people and the producers’ age, 52 years. The female headed farm size was 1.56 ha against 2.20 ha for the male headed ones. Cocoa farm yield was 562.98 kg/ha and average farm income, 622.3 USD for female headed farms against 1138.0 USD for male headed ones. Compared to male, female farmers possessed less land and earned lower farm income.
Influence of sowing date and cultivar on grain and protein yield of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
Authors: Różewicz Marcin
Published: November 2024

Sorghum is a warm-climate crop that is tolerant of water shortages and drought. In terms of climate change in Europe, this cereal could be increasingly grown to replace maize where maize cannot be grown. Unfortunately, the agronomics and especially the optimum sowing date are currently not sufficiently researched, which means that many farmers potentially interested in growing sorghum do not know what sowing date to use. The diversity of cultivar also poses a problem in terms of their appropriate selection and sowing date for the weather conditions in Poland. The study used two different sowing dates for sorghum: in the first decade of May and the second decade of May. Three different grain sorghum cultivars were used: Albanus, Anggy and GK Emese. In the conducted experiment, such features as grain yield and its components as: plant density, number of panicles, tillering index, grain weight per panicle and thousand grain mass were studied. Protein content in grain was also studied and protein yield was calculated. The GK Emese variety proved to be the most stable in terms of grain and protein yield, but it was also the most sensitive to sowing date. The other two varieties Anggy and Albanus showed a varied response to sowing date in terms of grain and protein yield.
In medicine today – Cancer and the prorogation of clinical reality in favour of probabilistic outcomes
Authors: Retsas Spyros
Published: November 2024

How essential is the randomised trial in cancer therapeutics? Is it conceivable that prospective randomised clinical trials in cancer medicine could, one day, safely be abandoned in favour of Phase II studies supplemented with real-world data from cancer centres, without detriment to the progress of cancer therapeutics or the welfare of cancer sufferers? If feasible, such practice could reduce the cost of new drug development, while freeing clinical investigators from the ethical burden of random allocation of treatment or indeed providing no therapy with the administration of a placebo to cancer sufferers.
Treatment of refractory ulcers of the rectum by autologous stem-cell transplantation
Authors: Bagnenko S. F. , Morozov V. P. , Nemkov A. S. , Kamanin A. A. , Korolkov A. Yu. , Shchukina O. B. , Vinichenko A. A.
Published: November 2024

The OBJECTIVE was to improve the quality of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment of refractory ulcers of the rectum. METHODS AND MATERIALS. We analyzed clinical and biochemical parameters in 39 patients with previously diagnosed solitary ulcers of the rectum. It was proved that in 18 patients, ulceration in the rectum was caused by an autoimmune process, according to the type of Crohn’s disease. The obtained data made it possible to substantiate and apply a new method of treating rectal ulcers – local bone marrow stem cell transplantation. RESULTS. All patients had pain, stool returned to normal, and ulcerative defects were noted to heal. CONCLUSION. Bone marrow stem cell transplantation differs fundamentally in its mechanism of action from known methods of treating rectal ulcers. The method has shown high efficiency and a good safety profile.
Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of Appendicitis Inflammatory Response and Alvarado Scores in Adult Appendicitis
Authors: Hanafi Sawsan , Alshareef Noura , Edrees Wesam , Baljoon Jamil , Abunar Faris
Published: November 2024

Background
Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, with diagnostic challenges that can lead to unnecessary surgeries. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score and the Alvarado score in a clinical setting, examining the influence of demographic variables on their performance.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 166 patients at National Guard Health Affairs Hospital, Saudi Arabia, from May 2016 to April 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups: 83 with appendicitis and 83 with acute abdominal symptoms but without appendicitis. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the AIR and Alvarado scores through risk probability of developing appendicitis, sensitivity, and specificity. We also examined the effects of age and gender on the scores' accuracy.

Results
The AIR score demonstrated higher overall sensitivity (95.7%) and specificity (90.5%) than the Alvarado score, which showed a sensitivity of 87.3% and a specificity of 52.4%. The AIR score was particularly effective in identifying patients with a high probability of appendicitis. Subgroup analysis revealed significant demographic influences, with men showing higher incidence rates of appendicitis and age impacting the scoring accuracy than women.

Conclusions
Our study's findings advocate for the AIR score's expanded use in clinical practice to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management tailored to demographic variations. Further validation in varied clinical settings and larger cohorts is recommended.