bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION OF RESEARCH CULTURE OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN THROUGH SCIENTIFIC IDEAS IN THE LEARNING PROCESS
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Nishanbayeva S.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses some issues of the formation of the research culture of younger schoolchildren. Special philosophical approaches to the research culture are presented (achievement with the help of feelings, achievement with the help of the first knowledge achieved through feelings, achievement through research). And the psychological aspects of the formation of the research culture of younger schoolchildren are presented in several groups. In the article, the pedagogical aspects of the formation of the research culture of younger schoolchildren are understood as: the analysis of new concepts, the orientation of cultural communication to research activities, the ability to use research opportunities, develop the necessary positions, intelligently predict new information in various aspects, the choice of a topic, the necessary content and information selection. The algorithm for the formation of the research culture of younger schoolchildren is analyzed in four steps. The evaluation work on the identification of the formation of the research culture of younger schoolchildren using a test adapted to a natural science subject is described. A sample of the "STEM" notebook for the 4th grade is presented.
Zülfü Livaneli’nin Huzursuzluk Romanının Göç Politiği Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇELEBİ İbrahim
Published: April 2022

Huzursuzluk, Ortadoğu’daki çatışmalı sürecin Türkiye’den Amerika’ya uzanan siyasi olaylarını konu edinmiştir. Popüler romanın siyasal kurgu sınıflandırmasına dahil edilen eserde kurgunun en önemli belirleyeni Suriye’de başlayan iç savaştan kaynaklanan göç ve sonrasında Mardin’deki sığınmacı kamplarından dünyaya uzanan insanlık dramlarıdır. Popüler romanlar Tanzimat’tan günümüze çeşitli eleştirilere tabi tutulmuşlardır. Bu tarz eserlere yönelik kalitenin göz ardı edildiğine, farklı çıkarlar için estetik değerlerin araçsallaştırıldığına yönelik suçlamalara karşın güncel olaylara ışık tutma, okuma alışkanlığı kazandırma gibi faydalar sağladıklarına dair tespitler de yapılmıştır. Yazar, birçok eserinde gerçek olaylardan yola çıkarak siyasal boyutları olan olayları konu edindiği gibi bu romanında da uluslararası boyutları olan küresel bir sorunu kurmaca gerçeklik düzleminde ele almıştır. Huzursuzluk romanında Suriye’deki tartışmalı savaşla dünya gündeminden düşmeyen göç politiğinin kökeninde yatan nedenlerin güncelden kadim zamanlara uzanan önemli koordinatları karşılaştırmalı medeniyet analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Kahramanlar üzerinden Doğu ve Batı medeniyetlerine dair tespitlerde bulunulmuştur. Doğu ve Batı medeniyetlerinin kendilerine has kültürel ve siyasal kodları kurmaca dünyada karakterlerle ete kemiğe büründürülerek tarihi ve felsefi birçok konu karmaşık bağlamlarından çıkarılarak rafine hale getirilmiştir. Medeniyetlere bakış, anlatıcının şahsında yabancılaşmaya dönüşmüş ve roman boyunca bu ikircikli durum bir sorgulamayı beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada göç ve mülteci sorunu ekseninde Ortadoğu’daki savaşın iç ve dış etkenleri, medeniyetlere uzanan boyutları, coğrafyalara has özellikler, yaşanan siyasi olaylar içinde aşka ve söze atfedilen anlam gibi meselelerin romanda ele alınış biçimleri üzerinde durulacaktır.
Editorial: Epistemic cognition in history education
Authors:   FHNW School of Education, Switzerland, Nitsche Martin , Mathis Christian ,   Zurich University of Teacher Education, Switzerland, O'Neill D. Kevin ,   Simon Fraser University, Canada
Published: April 2022

Editor's introduction to the special issue.
Researching epistemic beliefs in history education: A review
Authors:   Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Stoel Gerhard , Logtenberg Albert ,   Leiden University, The Netherlands, Nitsche Martin ,   FHNW School of Education, Switzerland
Published: April 2022

Departing from the pioneering work of VanSledright and Maggioni (2016), this article revisits questions about epistemic beliefs and the role these beliefs play in the teaching and learning of history. Eighteen recent studies on epistemic beliefs of history teachers (n=7) and students (n=11) are reviewed, guided by questions regarding conceptualization, relationships with other constructs (e.g., historical reasoning and teaching beliefs), expression of beliefs in teachers and students, differences in age and educational level, suggestions for pedagogical principles, and contextual factors that inhibit or support history teachers in “putting their beliefs into practice”. Results reveal that epistemic beliefs are conceptualized based on developmental and dimensional frameworks, although most recent studies integrated developmental and dimensional approaches. Important findings regarding students and teachers are highlighted, resulting in implications for research and practice.
Thinking aloud about epistemology in history: How do students understand the Beliefs about History Questionnaire?
Authors:   Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, Mierwald Marcel , Junius Maximilian ,   Secondary School Gevelsberg, Germany
Published: April 2022

This study aims to explore the cognitive validity of a popular epistemological beliefs self-report instrument used in history education, namely the Beliefs about History Questionnaire (BHQ) developed by Maggioni (2010). The validity and reliability of this instrument were found to be problematic during the quantitative validation of both the original English questionnaire and its foreign language versions. Therefore, we conducted cognitive interviews with four students (all 17 years old) using a German version of the BHQ to gain a comprehensive insight into students’ understanding of the questionnaire and the possible difficulties they experience in answering its items. The analysis of the interviews showed that the cognitive validity of the questionnaire was good. However, some items were found to be problematic because the students showed differences in understanding and difficulties in responding. Furthermore, four overarching problem areas were identified: the complexity of terms; epistemic ambiguity; length and comprehensibility; and irritating references to the school context. In this article, we address these and other difficulties in using the BHQ to assess students’ thoughts about epistemology in history. Finally, possible improvements to the questionnaire and conclusions that can be applied to both research and practice are presented.
Development and validation of a practical classroom assessment of students’ conceptions about differing historical accounts
Authors:   Simon Fraser University, Canada, O’Neill D. Kevin , Guloy Sheryl ,   Simon Fraser University, Canada, MacKellar Fiona M. ,   Simon Fraser University, Canada, Martelli Dale R.
Published: April 2022

History teachers in multicultural societies are increasingly responsible for facilitating students’ awareness of and understanding of multiple accounts of the same, or related past events. The primary goal of the Historical Account Differences questionnaire is to help history teachers assess their own students’ beliefs about why accounts can differ, and the effectiveness of lessons and units aimed at developing students’ epistemological conceptions about such accounts. The theoretical underpinnings, design and validation of the questionnaire are discussed. As part of the validation, responses were provided by 899 Canadian students from 8th grade through postsecondary studies. Findings failed to support the hypothesis of strict stage-like progression in students’ conceptions claimed by the developmental theory on which the instrument was based. However, other claims implicit in the theory were supported. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Aims in the practice of historiography: An interview study with Finnish historians
Authors:   University of Turku, Finland, Kainulainen Mikko , Puurtinen Marjaana ,   University of Turku, Finland, Chinn Clark A. ,   Rutgers University, USA
Published: April 2022

Many recent approaches to history education—such as those related to historical thinking, historical reasoning, or inquiry-based learning—have brought the practice of historiography (i.e. historical research and writing) to the center of learning about history. Students are to learn about how historical knowledge is constructed, and this is often pursued by instructional methods such as modeling or simulating expert historians’ practices in classrooms. In this paper, we approach historiography primarily as an epistemic practice that is shaped in part by (historians’) aims or goals. Understanding those aims can contribute significantly to our understanding of the historical inquiries that ensue. Yet education has not made these aims a central focus of research or instruction. Therefore, we explored academic historians’ aims in their practices of historiography. We interviewed 26 Finnish historians about their ongoing research endeavors. Our results display a range of aims in academic historiography, including general epistemological concepts (e.g. knowledge), dialogical aims (e.g., questioning existing ideas), textual products, dissemination (e.g., popularizing), bringing about societal change (e.g., influencing a sense of possibilities), connection to present, and emotions. These findings improve our understanding of the diversity of historiography as an intentional practice, and thus provide a better ground for developing the kind of history education that builds on historians’ practices.
The interplay between historical thinking and epistemological beliefs: A case study with history teachers in Flanders
Authors:   KU Leuven, Belgium, Wilke Marjolein , Depaepe Fien ,   Centre for Instructional Psychology and Technology, and ITEC, imec Research Group, KU Leuven, Belgium, Van Nieuwenhuyse Karel ,   KU Leuven, Belgium
Published: April 2022

History teachers’ epistemological beliefs are considered to be greatly influential on their instructional practice and a necessary requirement to foster their students’ historical thinking skills. In examining this relationship, two issues arise. First, adequately capturing teachers’ epistemological beliefs remains a challenge as existing instruments appear not to be always valid and reliable. Some researchers suggest to distinguish between formal and practical epistemologies, which requires different measuring instruments. Second, it remains unclear how teachers’ epistemological beliefs influence their teaching practice as several studies found there is no straightforward relationship due to the influence of other beliefs. At the same time, the role of teachers’ own understanding of historical thinking in fostering this thinking among their students has not been extensively studied. Through a qualitative research with 21 history teachers, this study examines the relationship between teachers’ formal and practical epistemologies, their understanding of historical thinking and their instructional practice. It thereby reflects on methodological issues related to mapping teachers’ epistemological beliefs. Data analysis shows that teachers’ epistemological beliefs remain difficult to capture, due to inconsistencies in and between measuring instruments. It could be concluded, nevertheless, that, while most teachers acknowledge the interpretive and constructed nature of history, they generally do not include this in their own descriptions of historical thinking. The research supports the idea that nuanced epistemological beliefs are required for interpretive history teaching, but are not a sufficient precondition. While other beliefs and contextual factors are indeed at play, it also appears necessary to support teachers’ competence in designing materials to foster their students’ historical thinking, including epistemological reflection. The article reflects on the implications for teaching training and professional development programs.
On Accumulation of the Budget Deficit: Spirit of MMT Through Mathematical Analysis
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: April 2022

It is said that public finance must be balanced at least in the long run. According to the so-called MMT  (Modern Money Theory or Modern Monetary Theory) approach, however, this is not true. It is often pointed out that MMT lacks the mathematical analysis used in ordinary economic discussions. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief theoretical and mathematical basis to the backbone of the MMT argument, while maintaining the basics of the neoclassical microeconomic framework, such as maximizing consumer utility through utility functions and budget constraints, and equilibrium between demand and supply of goods under perfect competition with constant returns to scale technology. Using a simple overlapping generations (OLG) model that includes economic growth due to technological progress, we present the following results. The budget deficit equals the increase in people's savings, and the accumulated budget deficit equals people's savings. The budget deficit is a cause and the savings is a consequence, not the other way around. Deficits are created by the government, which determines income, which determines savings. Deficits create savings, not savings finance deficits. Reducing the budget deficit will reduce savings, income, and consumption.
Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planed Behavior: Mapping Literature Review
Authors: Banjarnahor Astri Rumondang
Published: April 2022

TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) is a technology application model that adopts the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) from Fishbein and Ajzen (1975) which is used to see the level of use of respondents in receiving information technology (Kaffashan Kakhki et al., 2020). This TRA is composed of the basic assumption that every human being behaves consciously in self-control and considers the use of available information for use in his life. Ajzen and Fishbein (1975) state that two determining factors can influence a person's intention in doing a certain act, the first is related toattitude towards behavior) and the next influence is social influence, namely subjective norms (subjective norms). This study uses a bibliometric literature review approach with a sample mapping literature of 17 articles regarding planned behavior theory approaches reference articles from 2020 - 2021 under Scopus indexed journal. Our proposition state result the correlation Theory of planned behavior theory and TAM in the aspect of the field of management (e.g., marketing, Technology, E-Commerce) make a positive contribution as a grounded theory to explain the variable antecedent and also its correlation to other theories.
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical of TAM: Consumer Emotional Value and Service Innovation on Consumer Purchase Decisions
Authors: Juniansyah Dedi , Putra Aditya Halim Perdana Kusuma , Syahnur Haerdiansyah , Hasan Sabri , Nujum Syamsu
Published: April 2022

This article presents the results of the mapping carried out taken from various sources, with a total of 34 papers used as mapping materials. Based on the existing theory, TAM consists of several factors, namely risk factors, usability, and added value. The community can accept the stronger these three factors, the more robust technology. These factors can lead to an acceptance of feelings of emotional value or commonly refer to as perceived emotional value. A person can receive emotional value after using the technology, and an emotional value can occur because of innovation. These two things can make a decision someone will use the technology. This study aims to determine the symmetrical and asymmetrical relationship between TAM and Emotional Value, Service Innovators, and also Consumer Purchase Decisions.
Moderating of SERVQUAL on E-WOM, Product Quality, and Brand Image on and E-commerce Purchase Intention
Authors: Pradana Andi Fadel Pradana , Hasan Sabri , Putra Aditya Halim Perdana Kusuma , Kalla Rastina
Published: April 2022

This article presents the results of mapping taken from various sources as many as 20 articles on e-WOM, Product Quality and Brand Image as well as consumer behavior and purchasing power towards purchase intention. In the concept of marketing; word of mouth (WOM) is a noble goal of various business activities where the concept of WOM is as a form of advertising through voluntary recommendation activities from consumers to their social environment and groups. In digital activity, the concept of WOM then changed to e-WOM (electronic word of mouth). The presence of a product, word of mouth and also customer preferences are inseparable from the linkage of brand image attached to product elements and service quality. In general, Brand image is the current view of customers about a brand. Brand image can be defined as a collection of unique associations in the minds of target customers.
Uso degli antibiotici in età pediatrica
Authors: Ravaglia Aldo ,   Gruppo di Lavoro Antibiotici Regione Piemonte, Guala Andrea , Borraccino Alberto
Published: April 2022

The pharmaceutical prescription allows a quantitatively but not qualitative evaluation of a drug as it does not report the reason. The software used by family paediatricians is designed to receive the diagnosis, but the field is not usually filled in. The Pharmaceutical Service of the Piedmont Region has undertaken an experimental study to assess the feasibility of modifying the systems to expand the possibilities of evaluating the use of antibiotic. The work involved 15 paediatricians in the ASL CN1 district and 15 in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola one. In compliance with the available regulations and for about 24 months, the paediatricians voluntarily agreed to include the diagnosis along with an antibiotic prescription. At the end of the observation, more than 70 thousand prescriptions were made, with a slight non-significant increase between 2018 and 2019, in both districts. Prescriptions were compared with the previous year’s data. Information on diagnosis, before the project started, was present in about 40% of prescriptions and increased to 100%. The most diagnosed pathologies were acute bronchitis, acute tonsillitis and otitis media, without differences between CN1 and VCO. The most used antibiotic is amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid, which alone accounts for almost half of the prescriptions. At the end of the study, it is possible to affirm that the inclusion of the diagnosis does not seem to have created individual difficulties and/or to have modified the clinical/prescription behaviour. The presence of the data on the diagnosis, however, makes it possible to broaden the system’s ability to read the critical areas present in the prescriptive behaviour and to monitor any trend in relation to its appropriateness and available guidelines. Through a sustainable and minimal intervention, it is possible to expand the capacity of the prescriptive system to evaluate behaviours and to eventually plan targeted actions, consistently with the needs to counteract antibiotic resistance.
Anatomical Variations of the Suprascapular Notch and Its Importance in Nerve Entrapment
Authors: Badar Adnan , Yunas Salman , Hussain Atif , Shaheen Sadaf , Baloch Abdul Rashid , Baloch Abdul Hafeez
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Entrapped neuropathy syndrome could be effectively managed with detailed anatomical knowledge of suprascapular notch. Suprascapular nerve injuries are now widely acknowledged as a cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine the anatomical variation of the suprascapular notch and its importance in nerve entrapment. Methodology: A total of 128 human scapulae of either gender were taken from the department of Anatomy, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospitals, Swat and Women Medical and Dental College Hospital Abbottabad during the period from January to June, 2021. Four parameters of Suprascapular notch (SSN) i) Superior transverse depth (STD), ii) Maximum depth (MD), iii) middle transverse diameter (MTD), and total circumferential diameter (TCD) were defined based on incisura inferior border shape and vertical diameters. Suprascapular notch presence or absence was grossly examined for all the scapulae. Vernier caliper was used for the measurement of the four suprascapular notch parameters. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of 128, 61 (47.7%) were right-sided and 67 (52.3%) were left-sided human scapulae. The prevalence of U-shaped, V-shaped, and J-shaped notch were 62 (48.4%), 27 (21.1%), and 13 (10.2%) respectively. The incidence of the large double foramen, complete, and incomplete suprascapular notch were 2 (1.6%), 7 (5.5%), and 8 (6.3%) respectively. W-notched was present in 3 (2.3%) scapulae whereas 6 (4.7%) scapulae had no notch. The vertical and transverse diameters for right and left-sided type-II scapulae were 4.9±2.1 mm and 8.9±3.1 mm and 4.8±1.7 mm and 9.1±2.3 mm respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of U-shaped and V-shaped notch was 48.4% and 21.1% respectively. Suprascapular notch morphology could be determined with anatomical knowledge and play a critical role for neurosurgeons, clinicians, orthopedic surgeons, and radiologists for proper diagnosis and management of shoulder region surgical procedure and protocol. Keywords: Suprascapular notch, Anatomical knowledge, Nerve entrapment
Risk of New-Onset Diabetes after Transplantation among Kidney Transplant Recipients with Cytomegalovirus Infection: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Tassaduq Khan Muhammad , Hamid Rashid Bin , Lal Naranjan
Published: April 2022

Background: New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is one of the common complications reported in patients with kidney transplant and is associated with risk of infection, poor allograft and patient survival. There is conflicting research literature regarding the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in increasing the risk of NODAT development. Objective: To assess the risk of development of NODAT in kidney transplant patients with CMV infection Methods: A total of 59 kidney transplant patients were studied from March 2017 to February 2019. NODAT was defined as two readings of fasting plasma glucose of ≥126 mg/dL at three months post-transplant. CMV viral load was also documented. The 12 months post-transplant allograft and patient survival outcomes were also measured. Results: Mean age was 43.4 ± 6.2 years. Nearly one-fourth, 14 (23.7%), of the patients had NODAT. CMV viral load and viremia were high in NODAT group; however, the result did not reach statistical significance. CMV DNA replication was statistically high during 1-6 months post-transplant for NODAT group (P<0.001). Only 7 (11.9%) recipients advanced to symptomatic CMV infection. Also, we found that high CMV viremia load was associated with poor kidney allograft function at 12 months. Conclusions: In summary, this study showed that infection with CMV may not be a risk factor to develop NODAT in patients transplanted with kidney. An elevated CMV viral load may decrease the post-transplant allograft function at 12 months. The prompt diagnosis and timely management of CMV infection could substantially lessen the risk to develop NODAT subsequent worsening of allograft and patient survival. Keywords: Kidney; Transplant; NODAT; New-onset Diabetes; Cytomegalovirus
COVID-19 Küresel Sağlık Krizinin Çevresel Etki ve Sonuçları
Authors: EGE Göknur , EGE Mehmet Ali
Published: April 2022

Bu makalede, 2019 yılından bu yana tüm dünyayı etkileyen COVID-19 küresel salgınının çevre üzerindeki etki ve sonuçları, çevresel ve toplumsal boyutlarıyla irdelenmektedir. COVID-19, davranış ve alışkanlıklarımızda değişime yol açmıştır ve insan davranışından kaynaklanan etkiler çevre kirliliğinin başlıca kaynağıdır. COVID-19 salgınıyla birlikte meydana gelen davranışsal değişimler, bunların çevreyi etkileyen kısa, uzun ve orta vadeli sonuçları, kimyasallar, plastikler, patojen içeren atıklar, temiz su kaynakları ve geri dönüşüm, gibi çevreyi etkilen temel unsurlar üzerinden ele alınmaktadırDezenfektanların, temizlik ürünlerinin, farmasötiklerin, koruyucu ambalajların ve tek kullanımlık ürünlerin kullanımındaki artış, kargo paketleri, artan plastik atıklar, tıbbi atıklar, su tüketimi ve geri dönüşümdeki azalma gibi çevre üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açan pek çok konu, salgın nedeniyle değişen davranış ve alışkanlıklarımızla birlikte ortaya çıkmıştır.
Stress analysis of suspended rail vehicle bogie
Authors: Kuczyk Mateusz , Jędrzejewski Piotr , Załuski Paweł
Published: April 2022

The main topic of this article is the strength analysis of selected bogie components – the wheelset axle and the frame. Axle calculations were based on the analytical method and were conducted with different types of materials. The finite element method was used for verification of bogie frame construction and loads applied on the frame were calculated according to the PN-EN 13749 norm. The bogie is a part of suspended electric multiple unit which was main matter of authors’ master thesis: „The concept of suspended railway engine wagon”, conducted on Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Gdansk University of Technology.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN TAJWID AL-QUR’AN BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY STUDY KASUS DI MADRASAH MIFTAHUL ULUM 22 KARANG NONGKO
Authors: Haryanto Kurniawan Wahyu , Rohimin Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Abstract : In the digital era as it is today, children's interests tend to be more easily saturated to learn to understand the reading and mahorijil letters of the Qur'an delivered by the clerics and clerics that is with methods that are less in demand by children such as the question and answer method, lecture method, discussion method, assignment method and iqra 'method in studying and understanding letters, mahroj and tajwid. The library research method is this research that contains how to learn tajwid knowledge by utilizing interactive teaching tools using Augmented Reality (AR) technology. The purpose of this study is how to study and apply the Qur'an and its recitation law using the Augmented Reality (AR) method and visualize images on Augmeted Reality markers in realtime to provide an explanation to users of this application.

This application is used so that users can understand how to read the Qur'an properly and correctly, this Augmented Reality (AR) technology combines elements of audio, images, videos and quizzes aimed at increasing the interest of millennials who love reading the Qur'an while adding insight into multimedia technology.

 
Keywords : Android, Augmented Reality, Mobile, Android Learning School Environment
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF SISTEM TATA SURYA BERBASIS VIRTUAL REALITY BOX 360˚ UNTUK PLATFORM ANDROID
Authors: Pradana Teguh , Apriadji Arnas Rama
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Instructional media is an important role in overcoming the difficulties of the learning process in schools. One of the most useful lessons in school to find out what is beyond Earth or space is about the solar system. As we already know learning the solar system is very difficult for us to imagine even though there are already media books to explain images of the solar system but students' imaginations are still unable to visualize properly because the human senses that cannot measure dimensions are also due to inaccessible distances by humans. Consequently learning outcomes are not optimal because they depend on the imagination of students. A form of learning media that can simplify the student visualization process is a 3d-based computer media. one of the techniques that support 3D visualization is virtual reality. Which media can help the learning process to be interesting and more efficient.
Keywords: Visualization, Virtual Reality, Solar System
APLIKASI PENGENALAN ALAT FIBER OPTIK MENGGUNAKAN AUGMENTED REALITY
Authors: Amrulloh Muhammad Faishol , Febriansyah Muhammad
Published: April 2022

The limitations of recognition of fiber optics tissue tools so that students have difficulty studying the fiber optics network. One way to increase knowledge using Augmented learning media using Augmented Reality. Therefore, this research will make the application of the recognition of a fiber optics device so that students can visualize and combine the real world with the virtual so that students are more ready to take material on fiber optic networks and improve the learning spirit. This application was created using the Marker Base Tracking method to display 3D objects. The research method used is the method of studies and for application development using waterfall. The results of this study build an optical fixed application. The testing was carried out by demonstrating to SMK direct students who tried this app, the students were requested to fill in a questionnaire as a top assessment of the app they had used. The results of the 86% distance testing presenter testing, an effective corner testing in 450-900, 100% camera testing, 50% light presenter testing and the result of the number questionnaire question that concluded that the presenter 81.50% which concluded that the application user equipment application can be optics to help the fiscal network learning network..

 

Keywords : Augmented Reality, Marker Based Tracking, Waterfall, Unity3D, Fiber Optic
Updated review on overview of dry needling
Authors: Das Subhanjan , Kulkarni Prema
Published: April 2022

Dry needling is a therapeutic method that involves inserting a filiform needle into a target area. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects the articular cartilage, causes discomfort, and changes the biomechanics. ling is a component of conservative or comprehensive physiotherapeutic management. Increased blood flow, metabolic changes, spontaneous electrical activity, pain gating, and other mechanisms of action of dry needling may generate therapeutic advantages in osteoarthritis. The history of dry needling is extensively discussed. Needling can be defined as superficial or deep needling depending on the depth of the needle insertion, and it can also be classified as trigger point dry needling, fascial needling, scar tissue needling, and so on. The mechanism of Dry Needling is explained by a variety of ideas. The local effects of dry needling were also explored in this review, as well as the mechanism of analgesic effects. The needles can be utilized to provide therapeutic current to the tissues in a variety of ways. It can be done with PENS (Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) or ETOIMS (Electro Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) (Electrical Twitch Obtaining Intramuscular Stimulation).
use of quantitative electroencephalography as a marker of severity of patients with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kareem Abd Shams , Kadhim Zahid M.
Published: April 2022

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence over the past years. Its grading depends on a time-consuming Scales like CARS, ADOS and GARS scales. Our aim is to study if quantitative EEG can be used as a marker of ASD severity. This is a cross sectional study conducted in the period from September 2021 till March 2022. It included 53 patients (41 males and12 females, with age ranging between 3 and 12 years) diagnosed by an experienced psychiatrist according to DSM5 criteria. Patients were recruited from 4 autism centers in Al-Hillah city. All patients were assessed by history, physical examination and Gilliam autism rating scale (GARS 3). Then they undergo quantitative electroencephalographic recording in awake state. The study results showed that spectral power of delta wave both total and regional were significantly increased as the severity of ASD symptoms increased, while alpha spectral power was decreased with increasing severity of ASD. Beta and theta spectral power was unchanged. Also, at cut off value of power spectrum of delta of =27 Mv, give 75% sensitivity and 100 specificity for grading severe ASD.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Bilgi ve Davranışları
Authors: ARSLAN Özlem , ERGÜN Ayşe
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma lise öğrencilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi ve davranışlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın evrenini 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında İstanbul’da bir ilçede öğrenim gören (N=10226) lise öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Araştırma; Anadolu imam hatip liselerinden 201, mesleki ve teknik Anadolu liselerinden 316, Anadolu liselerinden 318 olmak üzere toplam 835 öğrenci ile tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Ki-Kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 16.12±1.27 ve %54.9’u erkektir. Öğrencilerin %46.2’sinin reçetesiz ilaç kullandığı, %59.1’inin reçetesiz ilaç kullanma nedeninin ağrı olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlaç kullanım bilgisinin %48.3 ile sağlık çalışanından, %36.3 ile eczacıdan alındığı saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı Ölçeği puan ortalamasının 34.02±5.12 olduğu ve %45’inin akılcı ilaç kullanım bilgisinin yetersiz olduğu bulunmuştur. Akılcı ilaç kullanım bilgi düzeyi yeterli olan kız öğrencilerin oranının erkek öğrencilerden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p
The Influence of Hong Kong Educational Language Policy on China’s Modern State Integration in Hong Kong
Authors: Wang Mengxia , Devarajoo Karthiyaini
Published: April 2022

In recent years, a series of social movements and political events in Hong Kong have attracted the attention of the world. Among them, the controversy caused by the Hong Kong language policy, especially the educational language policy, has become one of the increasingly prominent social contradictions in Hong Kong. The controversy revolves around the impact of educational language policy on modern state integration. Through the qualitative analysis of the relevant phenomena, the author hopes to reveal the complex nature of this problem and make an academic attempt to solve this problem.
How the Population Inflow Influence Guangdong's Economy and Mechanism Study
Authors: Li Zhiming , Li Huifen
Published: April 2022

This study observed the relationship and predictability of population inflow, industrial development, and per capita wage in Guangdong Province from 1998 to 2020. Firstly, the research makes the variables stable, establishes the VAR model, and tests the stability of the model. And then the research uses the Granger causality test to evaluate the relationship among population inflow, per capita wage, and GDP. It shows that under the 5% confidence level, on the one hand, per capita wage has a significant impact on the gross industrial value, and the gross industrial value has a significant impact on population inflow. On the other hand, per capita wage and population inflow have a direct impact on each other. The results of impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis show that the rise of wages will promote industrial development, and the total industrial value will lead to the rise of population inflow, but the impact is not significant over time. Wages have a direct impact on population mobility and population mobility fluctuates greatly over time. The results show that per capita wage, gross industrial value, and population inflow play a significant role in promoting each other and forming a positive cycle. Promoting population inflow will help greatly promote prosperous economic development.
Factors Influencing the Practice of Female Genital Mutilation in Ueken Community, Tai Local Government Area of Rivers State
Authors:   Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nigeria, Orukwowu Udo , Onyema Chinemere ,   Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nigeria
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the factors influencing the continuous practice of female genital mutilation, and to create awareness of health risk factors (complications) and its prevention in Ueken Community in Tai Local Government Area of Rivers State. Four (4) research questions and one (1) hypothesis were formulated. Copious literature was reviewed which x-rayed the opinion of several authors on the topic. The target population was 150 females. A purposive non-probability sampling technique was used to select the sample size of 100 female adolescents. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire developed by the researcher. The questionnaire consisted of sections “A” demographic data of respondents and “B” of multiple questions on variables of the study. Data were presented and analyzed using frequency tables and figures. Finding from the research question revealed that the majority of the females have heard about female genital mutilation, that circumcised girls may be forced with psychological and health risks after female genital mutilation. Chi-square (X2) statistical tool was used to test the null hypothesis at a 0.05 level of significance. The X2 calculated of 1.164 was lesser than the X2 table of 3.84. Following the statistical rule, the null hypothesis was accepted thus; there is no significant relationship between the factors influencing the continuous practice of female genital mutilation in Ueken community in Tai Local Government Area, Rivers State. Based on the findings and results from the study, the implications for nursing were spelt out and recommendations were made.
Knowledge and Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Working-Class Mothers in Rumuigbo Community, Obio Akpo Local Government Area of Rivers State
Authors:   Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nigeria., Ene-Peter Janet , Orukwowu Udo ,   Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nigeria.
Published: April 2022

This study was carried out in Rumuigbo Community, Obio/Akpor Local Government Area in Rivers State on the knowledge and practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding by Working class mothers. Objectives of the study were to determine if the working class mothers in Rumuigbo community know the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, to ascertain if the nature of their jobs limits the practice of exclusive breastfeeding by working-class mothers, to ascertain the level of practice of exclusive breastfeeding and to ascertain the perception of working-class mothers in Rumuigbo community towards the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. The objectives were translated into research questions. One null hypothesis was formulated, there will be no significant relationship between knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding by working-class mothers in Rumuigbo community. Literature were reviewed in line with the objectives of the study. Purposive random sampling technique was used to select the sample of 100 nursing mothers from the target population of 200. The instrument used for the study was a self-constructed questionnaire which consisted of two (2) different sections. Section “A” contains the personal data of respondents and Section B contained questions constructed to elicit answers on the research variable. Data were obtained from 85 respondents out of the sample size of 100. The research questions and hypothesis formulated revealed the information needed. Percentages, tables and figures were used to present the findings of the research while the chi-square (X2) statistical tool was used to test the hypothesis at alpha level of 0.05% significance. It was discovered that the majority of working-class mothers have a good knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding but do not practice it effectively. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were made: health workers especially nurses and midwives in union with Government and Organizations should map out strategies to support, promote and encourage working-class mothers to practice exclusive breastfeeding in our society. Members of the families of working-class mothers should support and assist in feeding infants with expressed milk when the mothers are away. The need for further studies such as: the effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding in the reduction of infantile infections was also suggested.
Diversity and indigenous uses of sacred plants in Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Thakur Shalu , Kapoor K. , Samant Sher
Published: April 2022

All the nations in this universe have their own set of ecological, socio-economic and religious ethos and accordingly each of them has got every reason to celebrate each related occasion in their own way both at the national and even at regional level. It is beyond any doubt that celebrations of all such occasions are in one way or the other is related to the plants or trees of national or regional significance. Similarly, Himachal Pradesh a small and hilly state is famous for its religious culture and traditions. People of this state are highly religious and variety of rituals are performed in various ways, round the year by the local people in which plants have their defined roles and importance. Accordingly, an attempt through a preliminary survey was made to document the role of sacred plants in the life style of local people and the relations to them with special reference to their religious activities and ethos. In the process it was observed that 45 plant species have high utility and importance in religious activities. The study also reflects that the local beliefs not only show the time immemorial relationship between plants and humans but also help in conserving these species. This article attempts to highlight the importance of some plants known to be traditionally worshipped in the study area. Significance of these plants in different ceremonies and their role in festivals has also been discussed.
Firm Attributes and Corporate Tax Aggressiveness: A Comparative Study of Nigeria and South Africa Banks
Authors: Anyaduba John Obiora , Ogbeide Ivie Ologhosa
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate the link between firm attributes and tax aggressiveness in Nigeria and South Africa. A comparative analysis was carried out on the variables of firm size, age, profitability, leverage, liquidity, complexity, foreign ownership and tax aggressiveness on banks in Nigeria and South Africa. The study employed the longitudinal research design and took a comparative analysis approach. The population consists of the 13 listed commercial banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the 16 local commercial banks listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The time frame for the study was from 2012-2020. Data collated was analysed using the techniques of descriptive statistic, correlation and panel data regression technique while MAPE and Theil’s inequality coefficient were used in evaluating the forecast abilities of the models. Two alternative measures of tax aggressiveness (GAAP-ETR and D_BTD) were adopted as dependent variables. The panel data collected was analysed. The result of the Nigerian model (using the D_BTD measure) showed that firm size and firm complexity both have a significant positive relationship with tax aggressiveness while firm age and profitability asserted significant negative impacts on tax aggressiveness. The outcome of the South Africa model (using the GAAP-ETR measure) showed that firm age and profitability have a significant negative relationship with tax aggressiveness while firm size and liquidity have significant positive relationships with tax aggressiveness. The study recommends, that regulatory bodies and tax authorities should beam their searchlight on tax saving strategies of small size companies with a view to effectively monitoring their aggressive tax avoidance schemes.
Hybrid Image Steganography Method with Random Embedding of Encrypted Message
Authors: Umer Iqbal
Published: April 2022

The main challenge for embedding encrypted message in an input image is to get better the security of the confidential information through hybrid-based image steganography method. Moreover, earlier LSB based solutions existed in which either secret information embedded without encryption or embedded un-randomly in an image and existing MSB based information concealing solutions minimizes information capacity and image quality too. Most of existing steganographic systems either based on  LSB or  MSB but only some hybrid solutions are available in which either the confidential message is not encoded before embedding it into the image and the embedding system is also not random based.  The existing well known hybrid based image steganography techniques are not only deficient in performance but also deficient in embedding of encoded data in an image. To overcome these issues, a Hybrid-LSB-MSB based image steganography and multi-operation data encryption method is proposed in this article. Proposed method is not only randomly embeds the confidential information in a cover image but also provided the facility to encode the confidential information before substituting. The Hybrid-LSB-MSB based proposed image steganography method is compared with earlier Hybrid based image steganography method by using Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) values including payload capacity. Higher PSNR and Lower MSE values signify effective steganography quality. The experimental results show that proposed method retains higher PSNR and lesser MSE values as contrasted to the existing methods thereby effective in steganographic properties.
Human-Computer User Interface Design for Semiliterate and Illiterate Users
Authors: Sarah Chaudhry  , AbdulHafeez Muhammad  , Asghar Ali Shah  , Fakhra Batoo
Published: April 2022

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revolutionized the lives of the people. The technology is embedded in daily life of literate or semiliterate/illiterate users. However, the user interface (UI) requirements for semiliterate/illiterate users are different from that of an educated person. The researchers of Human Computer Interaction for Development (HCI4D) face challenges to improve the usability of a UI for the semiliterate users. Therefore, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is conducted to provide a set of design factors and guidelines for UI development of semiliterate users. The study is based on extensive research gathered from literature to understand the user-centered design (UCD) approach, enhancing user experience (UX) for semiliterate users. This study analyses fifty two research articles that are published during 2010-2020. The findings shed light on the systematization of UI design guidelines for semiliterate/illiterate users. These guidelines can help in taking advantage of ICT during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis shows that seventeen main design factors are indispensable for designing UI of semiliterate users. The most suggested design factors include localization and graphics, which should be incorporated in UI for the target population. Moreover, the lag in the design factors as personalization and consistency open a road for future research.