bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity along a South‐North Transect in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Yang Yang , Jia Xiaoxu , Wendroth Ole , Liu Baoyuan
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas

Ks was estimated using MLR‐type PTFs, ANN‐type PTFs and state‐space analysis.

State‐space modeling was scale‐sensitive in estimating Ks in Loess Plateau.

Spatial correlations revealed in state‐space analyses were consistent with wavelet coherency.

Bulk density, clay content and topography dominated Ks spatial distribution.

A precise description of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and its spatial variability is required for modeling soil and water transport in the vadose zone. Nevertheless, the direct measurement of Ks is expensive and laborious especially for large domains crossing hundreds of kilometers. The objective was to estimate Ks from easily accessible soil properties and environmental factors using pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and state‐space analysis. Along an 860‐km south–north transect in the Loess Plateau of China, soil cores for Ks measurements were collected at depths of 0 to 10, 10 to 20, and 20 to 40 cm at 10‐km intervals from 15 Apr. to 15 May 2013. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to derive PTFs for Ks estimation. Based on the eight factors of bulk density, soil organic carbon, sand content, clay content, mean annual precipitation and temperature, slope gradient and elevation, the state‐space analysis appeared to outperform the PTFs in calibrating Ks over the entire transect. The adjusted coefficients of determination (R2adj) for the state‐space models were all greater than 0.9, whereas the corresponding R2adj were much lower for the MLR‐ and ANN‐type PTFs (ranging from 0.398 to 0.880). However, the state‐space approach is quite scale‐sensitive, and overfitting occurred when it was cross‐validated with a leave‐one‐out procedure. It performed almost perfectly in calibration as implied in the R2adj of ∼1 but rather poorly in validation with R2adj typically >0.4. The ANN method exhibited the best Ks estimations at all depths. Both wavelet coherency and state‐space modeling quantified the spatial correlations of Ks with the eight factors investigated and manifested consistent results, that is, bulk density, clay content, and topography were the primary properties controlling Ks distribution. These findings are critical for hydrological modeling and irrigation management in the Loess Plateau of China and possibly other arid and semi‐arid regions.
From dynamical localization to bunching in interacting Floquet systems
Authors: Baum Yuval , van Nieuwenburg Everard , Refael Gil
Published: August 2018

We show that a quantum many-body system may be controlled by means of
Floquet engineering, i.e., their properties may be controlled and
manipulated by employing periodic driving. We present a concrete driving
scheme that allows control over the nature of mobile units and the
amount of diffusion in generic many-body systems. We demonstrate these
ideas for the Fermi-Hubbard model, where the drive renders doubly
occupied sites (doublons) the mobile excitations in the system. In
particular, we show that the amount of diffusion in the system and the
level of fermion-pairing may be controlled and understood solely in
terms of the doublon dynamics. We find that under certain circumstances
the diffusion in 11D
systems may be eliminated completely for extremely long times. We
conclude our work by generalizing these ideas to generic many-body
systems.
Diseño óptimo del proceso de extracción de grasa a partir del residuo de descarne derivado del proceso de curtición
Authors: Cardona-Palacio Luis Fernando
Published: August 2018

En esta investigación se evaluaron las condiciones óptimas para la producción de grasa a partir del descarne en la empresa Curtimbres de Itagüí S.A., localizado en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Se midieron parámetros como la temperatura, volumen de agua de cocción, tratamiento del residuo líquido mediante coagulación-fl oculación, para obtener productos como el clarifi cado que podría ser usado en los lavados de la zona de pelambre y un residuo sólido al cual se realizó un tratamiento de compostaje, demostrando ser una técnica viable y económica.
Herramienta para el dimensionamiento de sistemas fotovoltáicos aislados
Authors: Serna-Ruiz Andrés Felipe , Marín-García Edward Johan , Alzate-Plaza Sandra Liliana
Published: August 2018

En este artículo se dará aconocer el desarrollo de una herramienta para el dimensionamiento de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Aislados (SFVA). La metodología utilizada en la implementación se basó en el análisis de los diferentes modelos matemáticos que han sido utilizados en otras herramientas, complementados con otros hallados en la bibliografía y característicos de los diferentes elementos usados en sistemas SFVA. Como valor agregado al modelamiento, se tiene una base de datos de la radiación en el campus universitario (Universidad del Quindio. Armenia, Quindio, Colombia), la cual ha sido generada durante 6 meses consecutivos.El software está implementado en la Interface Gráfica de Usuario (GUI)del programa MatLab ®.Esta herramientaofrece a  instaladores y planeadores la posibilidad de dimensionar en tiempo real un SFVA, puede además diseñar y evaluar los resultados obtenidos y así poder tomar decisiones sobre su implementación. El usuario debe tener como dato básico el consumo del sistema y como datos adicionales (no requeridos) la radiación solar, la temperatura, la ubicación y el tipo de dispositivos que desea utilizar en el sistema; aunque, el no colocar estos datos opcionales, también proporcionará una implementación sugerida. Como resultado final la herramienta entregará al diseñador del SFVA la configuración y cantidad de paneles solares, el número de acumuladores, la cantidad de reguladores e inversores a utilizar, de acuerdo con elementos escogidos por él o sugeridos por el software.
Ecobloque Estructural para Vivienda de Interés Rural: Un Aporte Para las Comunidades en el Alto Magdalena – Colombia
Authors: Barragán-Alturo Ancizar , Duran-Siachoque Nixon Guillermo , Figueroa-Gonzalez Karen Alexandra , Rovayo-Novoa María Ximena
Published: August 2018

El objetivo del presente proyecto de investigación de ingeniería civil, fue el diseño de un bloque elaborado en concreto con un nuevo componente del entorno: las botellas de polietileno tereftalato, (más conocido por sus siglas en inglés PET polyethylene terephthalate). Dicho material perjudica el medio ambiente, por eso se reutilizan y se ligan  con materiales de la industria de la construcción, dando como resultado un bloque que puede ser utilizado en mampostería no estructural, con proyección en la mampostería estructural; así mismo, esta investigación analizó cómo reducir los costos que causa un bloque convencional a la hora de ser elaborado, a través de la comparación con un ecobloque confeccionado con botellas PET: material reutilizado de los residuos que el ser humano genera a diario. Otro objetivo de esta investigación consistió en darle un enfoque hacia la construcción de viviendas de interés social, con el fin beneficiar a las comunidades de escasos recursos que habitan en las zonas rurales de la provincia del Alto Magdalena– Colombia. El propósito del proyecto siempre estuvo enmarcado en el desarrollo sostenible, es decir, en el manejo eficiente de los recursos a través del reciclaje y la reutilización de materiales de desecho, que propicien la restauración del entorno y, por ende, el acceso a una mejor calidad de vida.
El impacto de la impresión 3D en la joyería
Authors: Muñoz-Mesa Laura , Sánchez-Trujillo Jorge Humberto
Published: August 2018

La joyería ha hecho parte de diversas culturas simbolizando distinción o poder. En Colombia, la joyería es una actividad tradicional heredada de los indígenas quienes desarrollaron técnicas especiales para trabajar el metal. En términos generales, la elaboración de joyas es artesanal, es decir, con las manos y la ayuda de herramientas básicas, sin equipos industriales ni alta tecnología. La aparición de la impresión 3D impacta una parte significativa del proceso de producción mejorando la productividad, la calidad en los detalles de la joya, fortaleciendo procesos de producción en serie y de joyería personalizada, permitiendo la producción de diseños que a mano no sería posible realizar, entre muchas otras ventajas. Sin embargo, ante las posibilidades que ésta tecnología ofrece, se generan dudas en el sector joyero local sobre los aspectos a tener en cuenta en la adquisición y los requerimientos para trabajar con ésta tecnología por lo cual se realiza un rastreo bibliográfico de casos de éxito, ventajas, desventajas y características de las impresoras. De éste modo cualquier joyero puede evaluar la pertinencia de la impresión 3D dentro de su unidad productiva y tomar una decisión certera frente a la impresora correcta para el trabajo que cada uno requiere.
Prototipo de Bicicleta para Transporte Urbano Individual Sostenible
Authors: Correa-Henao Gabriel Jaime , Ramírez-Piñeros Álvaro Andrés
Published: August 2018

La movilidad en las ciudades centra la atención de las políticas promulgadas por gobiernos locales en países de todo el mundo, teniendo en cuenta el crecimiento exponencial de automóviles y motocicletas con motores de combustión interna durante el siglo XXI. En esa medida, la adaptación de las infraestructuras que permitan la circulación de dichos medios de transporte (calles, avenidas, autopistas, puentes, etc.) ha sido muy limitada. Como consecuencia, algunas propuestas para aportar en la optimización del transporte de los ciudadanos al interior de las ciudades, consideran una mayor promoción de los medios de transporte público, así como el impulso en modalidades de transporte sostenibles y económicas, como las bicicletas. En este artículo se presenta un caso de estudio derivado de la concepción, construcción y puesta en marcha de un prototipo de bicicleta construida con materiales amigables con el medio ambiente, cuyo impulso responde a la combinación de potencia generada por la fuerza humana y una rueda eléctrica motorizada, adaptable a diferentes condiciones geográficas vigentes en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.
Bloques de concreto con emulsión de parafina
Authors: Cañola Hernán , Echavarria Cesar
Published: August 2018

Los muros de las edificaciones presentan frecuentemente problemas de humedad como consecuencia de la exposición a la lluvia y la absorción de agua del suelo. Infortunadamente, los bloques de concreto convencionales adquiridos en el mercado tienen coeficientes de absorción capilar altos y resistencias a la penetración de agua bajas.En esta investigación, se produjeron y analizaron experimentalmente bloques y probetas cilíndricas, se fabricaron con arena de concreto lavada, cemento Portland tipo 1, emulsión de parafina y una relación agua-cemento de 0,40 en peso. Se estudiaron bloques y cilindros sin emulsión de parafina y con 10%, 20%, 30% y 40% de adición de emulsión de parafina respecto al peso del cemento. Se ejecutaron ensayos de absorción capilar, de resistencia a la penetración de agua y se realizó un análisis comparativo de los resultados obtenidos para determinar la proporción óptima de adición de emulsión de parafina.Se determinó que los bloques con emulsión de parafina presentan mejores propiedades que los bloques convencionales sin aditivos y que podrían reducir los problemas de humedad en los muros pues tienen un coeficiente de absorción capilar bajo.
Análisis de componentes principales para caracterización estructural de pymes manufactureras de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
Authors: Bedoya-Marrugo Elias Alberto , Vargas-Ortiz Luz Elena , González-Urango Hannia Karime , Severiche-Sierra Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2018

Se  caracterizó por análisis de componentes principales a 11 empresas pymes manufactureras (excepto maquinaria y equipo) de Cartagena de indias, relacionadas con los códigos CIIU 1011, 2011 y 2511 con respecto a las variables patrimonio, ventas, activos, pasivos, utilidades y tiempo en el mercado; posteriormente se realizó un análisis de cluster combinando el método factorial y el análisis de conglomerados. Los resultados muestran con respecto a los activos, se observan empresas que superan los 96 millones de pesos, mientras que algunas están por debajo de los $1,500,000, los valores para el patrimonio de encuentran entre $243,432 y $43,198,363; valores superados por los máximos y mínimos de las ventas. Las utilidades promedio de las empresas superan los pasivos promedio de las mismas. Los coeficientes de correlación entre las variables indican una asociación entre las variables Patrimonio y ventas (correlación de 0,652); al igual que entre las variables activos, pasivos y utilidades.
Efecto del cultivo de palma de aceite sobre las propiedades físicas del suelo y su relación con la producción y la pudrición de cogollo
Authors: Gutierrez-Palacio Gelber Norberto
Published: August 2018

La investigación tuvo como objetivo cuantificar la afectación física que se presenta en los suelos dedicados al cultivo de palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis), para lo cual se llevó a cabo una campaña de mediciones, observaciones y muestreos en la plantación Guaicaramo Ltda., ubicada en el municipio de Barranca de Upía, departamento del Meta, Colombia, sobre un área cultivada de aproximadamente 1890 hectáreas. El análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de las propiedades físicas de los suelos en las zonas características del cultivo (calle, plato y palera) sirvió como base para la determinación de su estado físico y para establecer las relaciones que se pueden presentar entre estas propiedades, la productividad del cultivo y la enfermedad conocida como pudrición de cogollo (PC).Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar el desarrollo de fenómenos de compactación en las distintas zonas del cultivo, los cuales determinaron como consecuencia la reducción de la porosidad, de la capacidad de intercambio gaseoso y de la capacidad de infiltración del suelo; todos ellos, factores determinantes de las condiciones observadas de drenaje inapropiado, excesos de agua, encharcamiento de lotes y en algunos casos de escorrentía superficial excesiva; condiciones que restringen el aprovechamiento eficiente de los nutrientes por parte de las plantas. También se pudo observar la relación existente entre la compactación de los suelos y la PC, donde el suelo actúa como un agente que predispone la planta a contraer la enfermedad y no como un agente causante de la misma.
COBRANÇA SIMULTÂNEA DE ICMS SOBRE IMPORTAÇÃO E POR SUBSTITUIÇÃO TRIBUTÁRIA CONSISTE HIPÓTESE DE BIS IN IDEM?
Authors: Araujo Guilherme Dourado Aragão Sá
Published: August 2018

A Constituição Federal, ao delimitar as competências e limitações ao poder de tributar, instituiu a possibilidade de incidência do Imposto sobre operações relativas à Circulação de Mercadorias e sobre prestações de Serviços de transporte interestadual e intermunicipal e de comunicação (ICMS) sobre bens e mercadorias importados do exterior (art. 155, § 2 º, IX, “a”, CF). Possibilitou, ainda, com fulcro no seu art. 150, § 7º, o recolhimento antecipado de tributo cujo fato gerador, presume-se, ocorrerá em momento posterior, mediante a substituição tributária. Por meio de investigação bibliográfica e documental, verifica-se que, não raro, surgem questionamentos quanto à possibilidade de cumulação do ICMS sobre a importação com o ICMS pela substituição tributária progressiva, ocasião em que alega-se haver hipótese de bis in idem. Em análise escorreita, constata-se não haver caso de bis in idem por não existir uma dupla incidência de normas sobre um mesmo fato gerador, vez que trata-se de fatos geradores distintos: primeiro a importação e depois a futura circulação da mercadoria.
O ESTADO PLURINACIONAL: Limites e Potencialidades de Refundação do Estado Moderno a partir da Constituição Boliviana de 2009
Authors: Loch Andriw De Souza , Fagundes Lucas Machado
Published: August 2018

Trata-se de um estudo acerca do Estado plurinacional, tendo como objeto de pesquisa a Constituição boliviana de 2009. A problemática central da investigação é a insuficiência da concepção moderna de Estado nacional em dar conta de realidades sócio-políticas complexas, por isso a hipótese de base é que o surgimento no texto constitucional boliviano da ideia de Estado Plurinacional busca dar resposta a estas insuficiências. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral é investigar as possibilidades de mudança da plurinacionalidade na estrutura monista do Estado nacional e, especificamente explorar alguns elementos no movimento da formação do Estado nacional moderno até as suas crises que possam dar sentido a refundação pelo viés Plurinacional. Assim, apresentar o Estado plurinacional boliviano e suas potencialidades como forma de refundação do Estado moderno. Para este trabalho, utilizou-se o método dedutivo baseado em pesquisas bibliográficas, que demonstraram a plurinacionalidade como uma alternativa ao modelo homogeneizador do Estado moderno, uma vez que busca se adequar às realidades existentes.
EUGENIA, NEOGENIA E BIOÉTICA: Aproximações e Distanciamentos sob uma Perpectiva Jurídica de Reconhecimento de Direitos
Authors: Siqueira Dirceu Pereira , Curti Letícia Mársico
Published: August 2018

O trabalho em pauta tem por objetivo trazer uma melhor explicação a respeito dos conceitos de eugenia, que teve seu desenvolvimento realizado por um estudioso inglês chamado Francis Galton; e a respeito da neogenia, termo que caracteriza as práticas eugênicas em associação ao avanço da engenharia genética, que tem se focado no fim de mapear o genoma humano, para que se façam alterações por meio de uma seleção pré-implantatória dos gametas. Existe também a explanação das diferenças entre a prática da eugenia positiva, que se resume na seleção de caracteres físicos, como a cor dos olhos, da pele, entre outros, e a eugenia negativa, que é caracterizada pela seleção dos gametas para supressão de doenças congênitas, possibilitando a detecção destas mesmo antes do nascimento, e então as eliminando. Posteriormente, há uma situação histórico-evolutiva, que mostra o progresso da eugenia, desde a realização dos ‘’tribunais biológicos’’ nos Estados Unidos da América, em que os juízes sentenciavam a atitude a ser tomada para com aqueles considerados inferiores social e biologicamente, até a prática dos princípios eugênicos pelo governo nazista, na metade do século XX (época do conhecido ‘’holocausto”, trazendo a morte de mais de seis milhões de judeus, além de outras classes que não se encaixavam nos critérios da “raça superior’’ dos nazistas - a raça ariana). Ademais, aborda-se o prisma sociológico e religioso do tema, verificando em que divergem e em que se assemelham, além de propiciar explicações gerais acerca do aborto eugênico. Finalmente, faz-se uma análise axiológica dos aspectos médico-legais, englobando a bioética, que envolve a responsabilidade médica.
AS DIRETRIZES CURRICULARES DOS CURSOS DE DIREITO À LUZ DAS IDEIAS DE SAN TIAGO DANTAS
Authors: De Oliveira José Sebastião , Souza Correa Lima Andrea
Published: August 2018

O artigo tem por objetivo a análise dos elementos que totalizam a estrutura curricular dos Cursos de Direito no Brasil, relacionando-os a ótica da crítica de Francisco Clementino San Tiago Dantas. Para tanto, examina-se os preceitos da Portaria 1.886/94 e os termos da Resolução CNE/CES nº 9/2004, do Conselho Nacional de Educação, para dimensionar-se as especificidades que ambas traçaram para as diretrizes curriculares nacionais para o Curso de Direito. Como objetivos, procura-se verificar em que pontos a instrução normativa do Ministério da educação atendeu às expectativas de sua edição, conferindo, ou não, uma nuance humanista ao ensino jurídico. Para tanto, adota-se método de abordagem dedutivo, e utiliza-se a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
A FUNÇÃO DO DIREITO E O PÓS-POSITIVISMO JURÍDICO
Authors: Gris Anna Christina , Dal Ri Luciene
Published: August 2018

O presente trabalho discute a função do direito à luz da teoria do positivismo normativo de Hans Kelsen e da teoria funcional do direito, segundo Mário Losano, vinculada ao pós-positivismo jurídico, com o objetivo de denotar semelhanças e contrastes entre as duas tendências. Inicia-se, assim, conceituando e contextualizando o conjunto de teorias pós-positivistas e abordando individualmente suas três principais áreas de elaboração: a aproximação do direito com os valores morais, a teoria dos princípios e a teoria da argumentação jurídica. Posteriormente, discute-se a tendência pós-positivista de inserção no ordenamento jurídico de sanções premias. Por fim, a abordagem funcionalista do direito de Norberto Bobbio, entendida como de cunho pós-positivistas, evidencia como principais resultados da pesquisa que o direito continua sendo uma técnica de controle social, no entanto sua função social amplia-se como prevenção e não apenas como repressão, buscando atingir seus fins pelos meios menos danosos. O presente artigo é fruto de pesquisa bibliográfica e da aplicação de método indutivo.
ECONOMIA CRIATIVA: UMA ANÁLISE DOS MARCOS CONCEITUAIS PARA O DIREITO
Authors: Lelis Henrique Rodrigues , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro
Published: August 2018

A finalidade deste artigo é apresentar os conceitos básicos da economia criativa e fazer uma análise sobre possíveis impactos que esta nova ordem pode trazer no campo jurídico. Na primeira parte é apresentado o conceito de economia criativa, sua origem histórica e alguns fatos que evidenciam sua aplicabilidade, especialmente, o reconhecimento do tema como estratégico por diversos países e por organismos internacionais. Na segunda parte, é apresentada uma análise dos possíveis impactos que este modelo econômico poderá trazer no âmbito jurídico, chegando-se a conclusão de que é preciso aprimorar o debate sobre o aprimoramento da legislação brasileira, especialmente quanto a ao desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para o setor, a proteção do trabalhador e do patrimônio cultural. Em razão de seus objetivos, utilizou-se o método descritivo analítico como modalidade de raciocínio lógico e a pesquisa bibliográfica como técnica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Economia Criativa; Cultura; Direitos Fundamentais; Desenvolvimento Social; Marco Regulatório.
Thoracoscopic ablation for treatment of patients with lone atrial fibrillation in Russia
Authors: Pidanov Oleg , Bogachev-Prokophiev Alexander , Elesin Dmitry , Ivanitskiy Eduard , Bobrovskiy Oleg , Shilenko Pavel , Durygin Pavel , Zotov Alexander , Vachev Sergey , Vaykin Victor , Mamchur Sergey , Sapelnikov Oleg , Bystrov Dmitriy
Published: August 2018

Aim. Endoscopic surgery demonstrates promising results of treatment in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Minimally invasive thoracoscopic ablation contributes to the growing interest in such operations all over the world. Nowadays totally thoracoscopic ablations are available for patients in Russian Federation. Emphasis in our study was placed on the collection and analysis of data on thoracoscopic ablation procedures used for treating patients with lone atrial fibrillation.Methods. The study covered the operations performed by Russian cardiac surgeons over a period up until January 1, 2018. Data collection was based on emailed registration forms containing information about the date of procedures, type of ablation pattern, previous catheter procedures, used devices, methods of left atrial appendage closure and safety profile information. 30-day mortality, conversion to sternotomy/thoracotomy, stroke/ transient ischemic attack, reexplorations, cardiac tamponade and phrenic nerve damage were considered as major complications.Results. The study encompassed 10 cardiosurgical centers in Russian Federation where totally thoracoscopic ablations had been carried out between 2011– 2018. Six hundred fifty-two procedures were registered. Most patients were ablated in Dallas and Box Lesion patterns. Left atrial appendage exclusion was performed in 90,4% patients. Major complications were observed in 27 (4%) patients, mostly during the “learning curve” period.Conclusion. The given study is the first attempt to collect and systematize the data on a new surgical procedure for treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation. The data obtained allow for making a conclusion that thoracoscopic ablation is becoming a wide-spread surgical technique to treat patients with lone atrial fibrillation in Russia. The quantity of procedure increases annually. Introducing thoracoscopic procedures in clinical practice may be accompanied by complications at any center. Nevertheless, according to our investigation the rate of complications is low, which enables us to recommend thoracoscopic ablation to treat a numerous cohort of atrial fibrillation patients in Russia.Received 13 June 2018. Revised 22 July 2018. Accepted 23 July 2018.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Hydrodynamics in the intact and denervated aorta in experiment
Authors: Petrov Evgeny , Tuturov Alexander , Volov Dmitry , Kossi-Sogbo Koami
Published: August 2018

Aim. As neurogenic processes affect the cardiovascular system and change its function throughout the whole life, the study aims to simulate and study the hydrodynamics of blood flow in an intact and denervated aorta.Methods. A pulse wave going through an intact segment of a dog’s thoracic aorta, a denervated autograft, and a donor dog’s thoracic aorta allograft was assessed by using equipment for blood pressure measurement and tensiometry of longitudinal and diametrical deformations of blood vessels at the point of pressure measuring. The experiments were performed under general endotracheal anesthesia. Two series of acute experiments on replacement of the thoracic aorta by an autograft and an allograft were carried out. Each series had eight dogs. The approach was thoracotomy in the IV intercostal space on the left. A required segment was replaced after heparin infusion while using subclavian-femoral bypass and retrograde autoperfusion.Results. It was found out experimentally that the formation and propagation of a normal isolated pulse wave with preservation of a viscous laminar blood flow were impossible without preserved innervation of the aorta. The experiments showed that in an intact aorta, its diameter tends to increase (by 400–500 μm), with simultaneous shortening of the segment (by 250 μm), and this process keeps being ahead of the pressure wave by 0.02–0.04 s. The rate of aortic dilatation is faster than that of systolic pressure elevation. However, in contrast to the intact aorta, the autograft, on the contrary, becomes longer and narrows, as pressure rises.Conclusion. To create optimal hydrodynamics of aortic blood flow, there should be a neuroreflectory system to control each pulse wave, which must determine its solitonic nature and provide antiflatter stabilization of blood flow.Received 16 April 2018. Revised 3 June 2018. Accepted 7 June 2018.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Impact of hostility on mortality of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Pushkarev Georgiy , Kuznetsov Vadim
Published: August 2018

Aim. The study focuses on the assessment of associations of hostility with clinical and instrumental variables in patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention, as well as on its effect on the risk of death for the patients in one year after surgery.Methods. The prospective study included 1,018 patients with coronary artery disease (764 men and 254 women, mean age 58.9±9.7 years) who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. Mean duration of follow-up was 12.0±1.8 months. Hostility was assessed by Russian version of Cook and Medley hostility scale. To investigate the relative risk (RR) of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease was used Cox's multivariate regression model of proportional risk.Results. The mean score on the Cook-Medley hostility scale was 15.1±3.9. A high level of hostility was observed in 189 patients (20.0%). There was no difference in age, gender and main clinical and instrumental variables between reference group and group of patients with a high level of hostility. No difference was found in echocardiographic parameters and coronary angiographic data between the groups. At admission, acute coronary syndrome was more often observed in patients with a high level of hostility as compared to those in the reference group (39.2% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.03). During the follow-up, 24 patients (2.4%) died from all causes and 21 patients (2.2%) died from cardiovascular disease. Depending on the level of hostility, RR of death from all causes was 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.22, p = 0.09) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.01–1.27, p = 0.04) from cardiac causes. When analyzing categorical indicators, in patients with a high level of hostility, the relative risk of death, both for all causes (RR = 2.65, 95% CI 1.09–6.45, p = 0.03) and cardiovascular disease (RR = 3.38, 95% CI 1.29–8.82, p = 0.01), was significantly higher in comparison with patients in the reference group.Conclusion. PAcute coronary syndrome was more frequently diagnosed in patients with a high level of hostility. The hostility was significantly and independently associated with the risk of death from cardiovascular disease in patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary interventions. In patients with high levels of hostility, the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was significantly higher.Received 30 May 2018. Revised 5 July 2018. Accepted 9 July 2018.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Cardiopulmonary bypass without the use of donor blood components in heart surgery in an 8-kg infant: case report
Authors: Ivkin Artem , Kornelyuk Roman , Borisenko Dmitriy , Nohrin Andrey , Shukevich Dmitriy
Published: August 2018

The issue of rejecting donor blood components intraoperatively in children with congenital heart defects is widely discussed in the world literature. This is primarily due to the presence of a low volume of circulating blood, which leads to excessive hemodilution during artificial circulation. The purpose of this report is to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of conducting operations associated with congenital heart defects without the use of transfusion of donor blood components. A case of surgical treatment of the interatrial septum defect in an 11-month (8 kg) infant with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and a set of measures enabling to abandon transfusion media is presented. Retrograde filling of the oxygenator and maximum minimization of the extracorporeal circuit were used to reduce the primary volume. To ensure the required volume of blood in the cardiotomy tank, dosed vacuum was applied. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the intraoperative and postoperative periods are given, which demonstrate sufficient oxygen supply of the organism, absence of anemia and any organ dysfunctions, as well as a low level of the systemic inflammatory response, once again confirming the immediate advantages of blood-saving technologies. Following the correction of congenital heart disease, the infant was transferred to a specialized surgical department on the second day. The outcome of the clinical case was the infant’s recovery and discharge from the hospital.Received 17 April 2018. Revised 17 June 2018. Accepted 18 June 2018.Informed consent: The informed consent to use the infant’s medical data for scientific purposes was obtained from his legal representative.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Unknown pages of cardiovascular surgery history in Sakhalin Region (Surgeon Alfred Egorov)
Authors: Pchelina Inna
Published: August 2018

The article is dedicated to the history of cardiac surgery in the Sakhalin Region, which over a 20-year period of its development has achieved much success and is now mastering open heart surgery, and to Sakhalin Chief Surgeon Alfred Egorov (1926–1996). Doctor A. Egorov was a great healthcare manager and a surgeon, Honorary Physician of Russian Federation, Member of the USSR and Russian Federation Surgical Society, who over a period of 1964–1986 made a major contribution to the development of anesthesia and surgical care in Sakhalin Region, while strengthening the material and technical facilities of regional medical institutions. The emphasis in the article is placed on Doctor A. Egorov’s role in the development of cardiovascular surgery and on the support that Novosibirsk Institute of Circulation Pathology (now Evgeny Meshalkin National Medical Research Center) has given in this process. As early as 1966 he introduced new methods of cardiac diagnostics and performed pioneer heart operations. His invention, a dilator of heart stenosed orifices (valvulotome), came into common use in heart surgery. It was A. Egorov who performed the first open heart surgery (February 1969) in the Far Eastern Region of Russian Federation.Received 21 May 2018. Revised 2 July 2018. Accepted 3 July 2018.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Author declares no conflict of interest.AcknowledgmentThe author expresses the gratitude to Oleg S. Egorov, Alfred V. Egorov’s grandson for access to the photos from their family archive.
Corrigendum to "A clinical case of metastatic osteosarcoma in the heart cavity" [Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya. 2018;22(1):55-60]
Authors: * *
Published: August 2018

Corrigendum to "A clinical case of metastatic osteosarcoma in the heart cavity" [Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya. 2018;22(1):55-60]
Optimalization of Temperature to Control Araecerus fasciculatus de Geer (Coleoptera: Anthribidae) on Nutmeg
Authors: Rachmanto Dwi , Wagiman Fransiscus Xaverius , Indarti Siwi
Published: August 2018

The exported nutmeg of Indonesia is frequently affected by the coffee bean weevil, Araecerus fasciculatus de Geer (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), so that it should be fumigated prior to export. CH3Br is an effective fumigant as quarantine measure for export products for 24 h, but this fumigant has been prohibited. Therefore, air temperature treatment is one of the alternative strategies. This research was aimed to determine the optimum air temperature in controlling A. fasciculatus on nutmeg. Healthy nutmeg, infected and A. fasciculatus-containing nutmeg, as well as individual adults of A. fasciculatus were treated with air temperature of 30−70°C for 1−24 h. The optimum air temperature was the lowest temperature which could kill 100% of examined insects. The results showed that 100% mortality of A. fasciculatus adults outside nutmeg occurred at air temperature of 45°C for 12 h or 50°C for 6 h. Meanwhile, 100% mortality of life stadium of A. fasciculatus inside nutmeg happened at air temperature of 55°C for 24 h. The raising of air temperature at 30−50°C for 24 h decreased the water content of nutmeg from 5.59±0.25 to 3.79±0.24%. The increment of temperature from 50 to 55°C for 24 h reduced the weight of nutmeg from 5.20±0.72 to 5.04±0.70 g. Air temperature treatment at 45−50°C for 12−24 h could eliminate adults of A. fasciculatus on exported nutmeg and air temperature of 55°C for 24 h could remove all life stadia of A. fasciculatus within nutmeg. IntisariBiji pala ekspor Indonesia sering diserang oleh kumbang bubuk biji kopi, Araecerus fasciculatus de Geer (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), sehingga harus difumigasi sebelum diekspor. Tindakan karantina pada produk ekspor yang sering menggunakan CH3Br efektif selama 24 jam, namun fumigan ini sudah dilarang. Oleh karena itu, perlakuan suhu udara merupakan salah satu alternatifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu udara optimal untuk mengendalikan A. fasciculatus pada biji pala. Biji pala yang sehat, biji pala yang terserang dan berisi serangga A. fasciculatus serta imago A. fasciculatus diperlakukan dengan suhu udara 30−70°C selama 1−24 jam. Suhu udara optimal yaitu suhu terendah yang dapat membunuh 100% serangga uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 100% mortalitas imago A. fasciculatus di luar biji pala terjadi pada suhu udara 45°C selama 12 jam atau 50°C selama 6 jam. Sementara itu, mortalitas 100% stadia hidup A. fasciculatus di dalam biji pala terjadi pada suhu udara 55°C selama 24 jam. Kenaikan suhu udara 30−50°C selama 24 jam menurunkan kadar air biji pala dari 5,59±0,25 menjadi 3,79±0,24%. Peningkatan suhu dari 50 menjadi 55°C selama 24 jam menurunkan berat biji pala dari 5,20±0,72 menjadi 5,04±0,70 g. Perlakuan suhu udara 45−50°C selama 12−24 jam dapat mengeliminasi imago A. fasciculatus pada biji pala ekspor dan suhu udara 55°C selama 24 jam dapat mengeliminasi semua stadia hidup A. fasciculatus di dalam biji pala.
Biologi dan Statistik Demografi Coccinella transversalis Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Predator Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Efendi Siska , Yaherwandi Yaherwandi , Nelly Novri
Published: August 2018

Biology and demographic statistics of lady beetle Coccinella  transversalis Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) using Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as prey was studied in laboratory. Development of  C. transversalis from egg to adult was 31.02±4.73 days. The egg stage lasted for 2.33±0.58 days. Larva stage has four instars, which lasted for 2.43±0.19 days (instar I); 2.53 days±0.19 (instar II); 2.64±0.04 days (instar III), and 2.77±0.21 days (instar IV). A female laid 90.44±14.38 eggs. Meanwhile, gross reproduction rate (GRR) of C. transversalis was 74.80 individuals per generation, the net reproduction rate (R0) was 18.22 individual per female per generation, the innate capacity for increase (rm) was 0.46 individual female per day, the mean generation time (T) 12.40 days, and the double population value (DT) was 1.51 days. IntisariMasa perkembangan pradewasa dan imago serta keperidian Coccinella  transversalis (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) telah diteliti di laboratorium dengan menggunakan Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Homoptera: Aphididae) sebagai mangsa. Masa perkembangan C. transversalis sejak stadium telur hingga menjadi imago adalah 31,02±4,73 hari. Perkembangan larva terdiri dari empat instar, masa perkembangan instar I sampai IV berturut-turut adalah 2,43±0,19 hari; 2,53±0,19 hari; 2,64±0,04 hari, dan 2,77±0,21 hari, dengan masa pupa 3,18±0,77 hari. Umur imago betina C. transversalis lebih panjang jika dibandingkan dengan imago jantan yakni 15,14±1,90 dan 13,63±1,00 hari. Imago betina meletakkan telur setelah melewati masa pra oviposisi selama 2,67±0,58 hari. Masa oviposisi C. transversalis yakni 8,97±0,89 hari dengan jumlah telur yang diletakkan yakni 90,44±14,38 butir. Parameter demografi C. transversalis adalah laju reproduksi kotor (GRR) adalah 74,80 individu per generasi; laju reproduksi bersih (Ro) 18,22 individu per induk per generasi; laju pertumbuhan intrinsik (rm) sebesar 0,46 individu per induk per hari; masa rata-rata generasi (T) selama 12,40 hari; dan nilai pelipatgandaan populasi (DT) adalah 1,51 hari.
Laporan Pertama di Sulawesi Selatan: Karakter Morfologi dan Molekuler Nematoda Puru Akar yang Berasosiasi dengan Akar Padi di Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Mirsam Hishar , Kurniawati Fitrianingrum
Published: August 2018

Root Knot Nematode (RKN) is one of the most important cosmopolite parasitic nematode species. Reports on RKN associated with rice root in Indonesia are still limited in West Java and Yogyakarta. This study aimed to identify the RKN associated with rice root in Sub-district of Bola, District of Wajo, South Sulawesi, based on morphological and molecular characters. Sampling was carried out by purposive method based on specific criteria of sample, i.e. root knot. Identification of root knot nematode (RKN) infestation in field was done by observing the primary and secondary symptoms. Morphological identification was carried out based on characters of juvenile 2 and the female perineal pattern. Molecular identification was based on amplification of r-DNA by polymerase chain reaction technique using primers rDNA2 and rDNA 1.58s. RKN were detected associated with the incidence of root knot in rice plant. RKN was identified as Meloidogyne graminicola based on morphological characters of juvenile 2 and the female perineal pattern. PCR using primer rDNA 2 / rDNA 1.58s successfully amplified a DNA band of RKN of ± 500 bp. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that RKN isolated from Wajo was closely related to M. graminicola isolated from Nepal, China, India, Madagascar, and USA with homology of 98.1–100.00%. IntisariNematoda puru akar (NPA) merupakan salah satu jenis nematoda parasit penting yang bersifat kosmopolit. Laporan NPA yang berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman padi di Indonesia masih terbatas di Jawa Barat dan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi NPA yang berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman padi di Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan molekuler. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposif dengan memilih sampel berdasarkan pada kriteria gejala spesifik penyakit puru akar. Identifikasi serangan dilakukan dengan mengamati gejala primer dan gejala sekunder. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan dengan pengamatan karakter morfologi juvenil 2 dan pola perineal NPA betina.Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan dengan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR) untuk mengamplifikasi wilayah internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) menggunakan pasangan primer rDNA2 dan rDNA1.58s. NPA ditemukan berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman padi yang memperlihatkan gejala puru akar. NPA diidentifikasi sebagai Meloidogyne graminicola berdasarkan karakter morfologi juvenil 2 dan pola perineal NPA betina. PCR menggunakan primer rDNA2/ rDNA1.58s berhasil mengamplifikasi pita DNA NPA dengan ukuran sekitar 500 bp. Analisis runutan nukleotida menunjukkan isolat NPA asal Wajo-Indonesia memiliki tingkat kekerabatan yang sangat dekat dengan isolat M. graminicola asal Nepal, Cina, India, Madagaskar, dan Amerika Serikat dengan nilai homologi berkisar 98,1–100,0%.
What Do Caregivers Tell Us about Infant Babbling?
Authors: Ramsdell-Hudock Heather L. , Stuart Andrew , Peterson Teri
Published: August 2018

Phonetic repertoires in babbling are an important marker of prelinguistic development. Typical phonetic development, however, is difficult to identify given variability within and across infants. Prior to 18 months of infant age, caregiver report of prelinguistic vocal development is often an important part of clinical practice for early intervention. As a first step toward understanding the utility of caregiver report of babbling, the purpose of this exploratory study was to determine how the phonetic makeup of sounds reported by caregivers in infant babbling would develop, in particular comparison to markedness theory and established norms. In a longitudinal design, caregiver report was tracked through weekly interviews from 7 to 18 months of infant age (N = 15). Reports were phonetically transcribed and examined in terms of the number of utterances; place, manner, and voicing for consonants; and tongue position for vowels. In general, the number of utterances and phonetic segments reported by caregivers increased significantly with infant age (p < .05) and phonetic feature patterns were similar to what one would expect in the vocal development of English-learning infants. Results support the notion that caregiver report of infant vocalizations may provide a valuable means for describing early infant babbling development.
Public Perception on Relocation of Wazobia Market in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinyode Babatunde Femi , Odunola Olaitan Olutayo , Adetunji Michael Adekola
Published: August 2018

The importance of market’s location in the patronage and development cannot be over emphasised. This necessitates public perception in order to achieve balanced development that is convenience and comfortable to the marketers. This study examined the perception of public on relocation of wazobia market in Ogbomoso North Local Government area and the problems encountered in the new market. The study employed secondary and primary sources of data. A total number of 274 questionnaires were administered using random sampling technique to collect information for the study. The data were analysed with the aid of descriptive, correlation and regression techniques. The findings revealed that, educational status of the public have a great influence on the income level of the public which determine their perception on the relocation of the market. The income level has the potential to be explained by the educational status of the public. Besides, new market lacks some basic infrastructural facilities such as electricity, portable water and standard parking spaces. The authors are of the opinion that Ogbomoso North Local Government should be of assistance in making provision for necessary infrastructural facilities to ensure market’s environment that is comfortable for the marketers regardless of their educational and income level.
Honduran and U.S. Consumer Assessment of Beef from Various Production Systems with or Without Marinating
Authors: Gomez A. R. , Garmyn Andrea , O'Quinn Travis , Bueso M. E. , Brooks J. C. , Brashears Mindy M. , Miller M. F.
Published: August 2018

Our objective was to evaluate the effects of different Honduran cattle production systems, enhancement, and country of origin on palatability of the longissimus muscle aged 21 d postmortem as determined by U.S. and Honduran consumers (n = 240/country). U.S.-sourced strip loins (n = 10/treatment) were selected: USDA Select (SE) and Top (upper 2/3) Choice (TC). Honduran-sourced strip loins (n = 10/treatment) included: 1) dual-purpose bulls, raised on native pasture (HDP), 2) F1 crossbred Brahman bulls finished on a corn-based grain diet for 180 d (HCF), and 3) purebred Brahman bulls finished on a sugarcane-based diet for 180 d (HSC). Ten additional strip loins from each Honduran treatment were selected and enhanced (E; 112% Â± 3.5%) with water, salt, and tripolyphosphate, resulting in EHDP, EHCF, and EHSC. Steaks were cooked to 77Â°C prior to consumer evaluation of tenderness, juiciness, and flavor and overall liking, with classification of each trait as acceptable or unacceptable. Consumers indicated if they were willing to pay 0, 3, 6, or 10 USD/0.45 kg. Consumer data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS as a split plot design, with treatment as the whole plot factor and country and the country Ã— treatment interaction as the subplot factors, including panel as a random effect. The EHCF had greater (P < 0.05) scores for tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall liking. No differences (P > 0.05) were found between TC and SE when scoring palatability traits, but more (P < 0.05) consumers found TC acceptable for juiciness compared to SE. Honduran consumers ranked all palatability traits greater than U.S consumers and found a greater percentage of samples acceptable for tenderness (P < 0.05). Enhancement of Honduran treatments had a positive effect on palatability traits, as well as the acceptability of those traits. Regardless of the differences in breeds, using high-energy diets and enhancement resulted in greater palatability scores.
Should the science communication community play a role in political activism?
Authors: Roche Joseph , Davis Nicola
Published: August 2018

This letter reflects on how the role of science in society evolved in 2016. While there were plenty of groundbreaking scientific discoveries, the shifting political landscape cultivated a tempestuous relationship between science and society. We discuss these developments and the potential role of the science communication community in political activism.