bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Customer Value First: Improving the Customer Experience in Public Services
Authors: Jovarauskienė Donata , Gaulė Eglė
Published: March 2022

Governments worldwide are increasingly focusing on creating customer value in public services and customer experience management to improve public sector performance and increase citizens’ trust in government. Therefore, recently there has been an increase in scientific literature and case studies analysing different aspects of customer value creation and/or customer experience in public services. Still, the interaction between the two is not clearly disclosed and linked. The purpose of this research is to accentuate the insights arising from research in science and practice, to summarise and systematise the knowledge already created and to perform an empirical study. Applying the methods of researching the content of scientific literature and practical reports, the article reveals the interaction between the value of public services to the customer and the customer experience in services. The aim of this study is to reveal the concept of customer value creation by applying customer experience management in public services. After refining the general theoretical insights of service value creation for the customer, the basics of the need and benefits of their application in the provision of public services as well as the application of the method of value creation for the customer in the provision of public services are analysed. The findings of this research positions the customer value in public services as a subjective phenomenon, i. e., the value is created by customers as it is based on their experiences in the process of service provision. In contrast, service providers create a value creation system for customers, which turns them into the co-creators of that value. Value creation for the customer occurs through the co-production and co-design of public services, where the customer is an active participant in different stages of service provision. Customer needs and expectations are evolving, and public service providers need to be able to recognise and track them and respond to these changes by applying a customer journey approach in the value creation system.
Die gemeinnützige Aktiengesellschaft
Authors: Weber Iris Janina
Published: March 2022

Aktiengesellschaft und Gemeinnützigkeit scheinen sich diametral gegenüberzustehen. Dennoch findet die gemeinnützige Aktiengesellschaft in jüngerer Vergangenheit zunehmend Verbreitung. Die Verwendung dieser Rechtsform wirft die Frage nach ihrer Eignung für den Gemeinnützigkeitssektor auf. Die Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die Eignung der individuellen, nicht-börsennotierten Aktiengesellschaft für den Gemeinnützigkeitssektor.
Die österreichische Privatstiftung und die deutsche Familienstiftung als Instrumente der Nachfolgegestaltung
Authors: Oppel Florian
Published: March 2022

Nachfolgegestaltung, auch unter dem Begriff „Estate Planning“ bekannt, meint die Einleitung von Maßnahmen, die einen optimalen Übergang des Vermögens einer bestimmten Person oder mehrerer Personen auf nächste Generationen sicherstellen sollen. Wirtschaftliche, steuerliche, familiäre und unternehmerische Aspekte werden dabei berücksichtigt. In Zeiten fortschreitender Europäisierung lohnt dabei oft ein Blick über die Grenzen der Bundesrepublik hinaus: Welcher Instrumente bedient man sich dort zur Nachfolgeplanung, und sind diese auch für die Bewältigung von Sachverhalten, die sich in Deutschland ereignen, eine Alternative? Die Arbeit untersucht die österreichische Privatstiftung und die deutsche Familienstiftung als Instrumente der Nachfolgegestaltung.
Fehlerhafte Beschlüsse in der Stiftung bürgerlichen Recht
Authors: Stallmann Jasper
Published: March 2022

Gegenstand der Untersuchung sind die Rechtsfolgen fehlerhafter Organbeschlüsse in der Stiftung. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet der Verweis in § 86 Satz 1 BGB auf § 28 BGB, wonach die Beschlussfassung eines mehrgliedrigen Vereinsvorstands nach den Vorschriften über die Beschlüsse der Mitgliederversammlung in den §§ 32 und 34 BGB erfolgt. Untersucht wird ebenfalls das Stiftungsprivatrecht, wobei auch die Vorgaben der Landesgesetze verschiedentlich zur Sprache kommen.
Responsiveness of domesticated goats towards various stressors following long-term cognitive test exposure
Authors: Rosenberger Katrina , Simmler Michael , Langbein Jan , Nawroth Christian , Keil Nina
Published: March 2022

Current evidence suggests that frequent exposure to situations in which captive animals can solve cognitive tasks may have positive effects on stress responsiveness and thus on welfare. However, confounding factors often hamper the interpretation of study results. In this study, we used human-presented object-choice tests (in form of visual discrimination and reversal learning tests and a cognitive test battery), to assess the effect of long-term cognitive stimulation (44 sessions over 4–5 months) on behavioural and cardiac responses of female domestic goats in subsequent stress tests. To disentangle whether cognitive stimulation per se or the reward associated with the human–animal interaction required for testing was affecting the stress responsiveness, we conditioned three treatment groups: goats that were isolated for participation in human-presented cognitive tests and rewarded with food (‘Cognitive’, COG treatment), goats that were isolated as for the test exposure and rewarded with food by the experimenter without being administered the object-choice tests (‘Positive’, POS treatment), and goats that were isolated in the same test room but neither received a reward nor were administered the tests (‘Isolation’, ISO treatment). All treatment groups were subsequently tested in four stress tests: a novel arena test, a novel object test, a novel human test, and a weighing test in which goats had to enter and exit a scale cage. All treatment groups weretested at the same two research sites, each using two selection lines, namely dwarf goats, not selected for production traits, and dairy goats, selected for high productivity. Analysing the data with principal component analysis and linear mixed-effects models, we did not find evidence that cognitive testing per se (COG–POS contrast) reduces stress responsiveness of goats in subsequent stress tests. However, for dwarf goats but not for dairy goats, we found support for an effect of reward-associated human–animal interactions (POS–ISO contrast) at least for some stress test measures. Our results highlight the need to consider ontogenetic and genetic variation when assessing stress responsiveness and when interacting with goats.
Effect of Packaging Materials on Storage Stability of Traditional Indian Dairy Confection Peda
Authors: Das Sumita , Bandyopadhyay A. K. , Ghatak P. K.
Published: March 2022

Peda, a heat desiccated traditional dairy product popular in northern India suffers from poor shelf life due loss of moisture from the surface, mold growth, rancidity etc. Packaging plays an important role in controlling microbial growth as well as biochemical changes and the shelf life can be increased by changing the packaging system. In the present study the role of packaging materials on the storage stability of peda was evaluated at ambient (30±1⁰C) and refrigerated (7±1⁰C) conditions. Peda was prepared in the laboratory from standardized cow milk (4.5% fat and 8.5% SNF) with addition of 8% sugar on the basis of milk and kept without packaging (P0) as well as packaged in two most suitable packaging materials viz. paper box (P1) and polypropylene pouches (P2). During storage the sensory quality, physico-chemical properties, texture profile and microbiological quality was carried out at regular interval. It was found that the rate of most of the quality deteriorative parameters was rapid in P0 followed by P1 and P2 at both storage temperatures.  Based on the results obtained in this study it can be concluded that at ambient temperature peda samples could be best preserved up to 4 days without packaging, 8 days in paper box and 14 days in polypropylene pouches whereas refrigerated samples kept well up to 20, 30 and 50 days in P0, P1 and P2 respectively.
Potentials of Establishing Sentinel Integrated Reef Ecosystem in Eastern Coast of Bicol Region, Philippines
Authors: B. Mendoza, Jr Antonino , Karl Bista Joshua
Published: March 2022

Sentinel species is an important input in understanding environmental health conditions that can provide integrated and relevant information on the possible degree of impact of anthropogenic and natural causes providing information about ecological processes. Identifying “proper set” of ecosystem sentinels will enhance the capacity to monitor and predict environmental change to help guide ecosystem science and conservation efforts.  In the Eastern Bicol Region, we surveyed selected areas to identify the healthy coral reefs to develop a “sentinel integrated system” that will allow regular monitoring of the best reefs and as a showcase for proper coral reef ecosystem management. Please describe the methods briefly. Results showed that there are healthy reefs and indicator organisms were found that are good candidate for a sentinel integrated system that can serve as potential markers of environmental or biological changes. Most healthy reefs are found in Eastern Al (Albay and Lagonoy Gulfs) while those in Asid Gulf and Western Albay have low reef quality. This also corresponds to deep and shallow reef areas respectively.
Status of Precision Farming Technologies in Indian Context – A Review
Authors: Nikitha P. , Rani V. Sudha , Naik V. Ravinder , Padmaja B. , Nirmala A. , Aruna K.
Published: March 2022

Precision farming is a farm management method that involves using software technologies and principles to control spatial and temporal variability in all aspects of agricultural production in order to improve crop performance and environmental quality. It's quickly gaining traction in developed countries as a tool for addressing the issue of agricultural sustainability. Precision farming has been garnering greater attention in the Indian context as the digitization era in agriculture and horticulture has progressed. Though widely adopted in industrialised countries, it is still in its infancy in most developing countries, such as India, where it requires integrated and long-term efforts ranging from pre-harvest tillage to post-harvest handling of Agri - Horti crops. Knowledge of latest breakthroughs in the field of precision agriculture. The use of technology makes it easier to anticipate future issues. As a result, this article provides an overview of precision farming technology development and current state in India.
Acquired Rectovaginal Fistula and Faecal Incontinence Following Sexual Assault in a 4-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Shehu H. , Shehu M.
Published: March 2022

Background: Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is a crime against children. It is largely under-reported and commonly goes unpunished in our society.

Case report: The patient is a 4-year-old girl who presented to our emergency paediatric unit with 14 hours duration of faecal incontinence following sexual assault by her landlord’s son. She also complains of pelvic pain and difficulty in walking. The landlords’s son forced his penis into her anus and inserted his fingers through her vagina.

On examination of her anal region, there was anal sphincter tear at six 0’ clock, extending exteriorly to the right measuring 1 cm long and 0.5 cm deep with a rectovaginal fistula. Vaginal examination revealed minor laceration and excoriation on the right lateral wall and floor of the vagina, with mild bleeding. She had a left hymenal tear at the lower aspect and a vagina floor tear. Results of urine microscopy culture and sensitivity (MCS) revealed white blood counts (WBC) 2+, leucocytes 2+, epithelial cells+, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated which was sensityive to amoxiciilin.

The child was resuscitated and given antibiotics and analgesics and prophylactic antiretroviral drugs. She had a perineal tear repair by the paediatric surgeon. She was placed on sitz bath and she responded well with good healing and recovery. She was discharged after 2 weeks on admission and came back for follow-up.

This report highlights the management of a case of rectovaginal fistula in a child as a result of sexual assault.
The Ameliorative Effect of Ginkgo biloba Supplement on Cyclosporine- A Induced Renal Toxicity in Male Wistar Rat
Authors: Nnamdi Nwokoma Uzoije , Kingdom David Lekpa , Asuzu-Samuel Henrietta , Sokiprim Akoko , Ojo Uahomo Precious
Published: March 2022

Ginkgo biloba supplement is a flavonoid-rich herbal supplement with several therapeutic potentials. However, the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba supplement to protect the kidney against cyclosporine-A induced renal toxicity is not fully understood. This study is to investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba supplement on Wistar rat induced renal toxicity. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly selected into four groups containing 5 wistar. Group 1 were given water (vehicle 10ml/kg body weight) and feed, group 2 were induced with Cyclosporine (CsA) (25mg/kg body weight), Ginkgo biloba supplement (GBS) (50mg/Kg body weight) was administered to group 3 and group 4 were administered with CsA (25mg/kg body weight) and GBS (50mg/kg body weight) co-administration for 15 days respectively. The animals were then anaesthetized with ketamine (70mg/kg body weight). The blood samples were collected into EDTA bottles for plasma biochemistry while kidney tissues were also harvested and preserved in 10% formalin for histological examination. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered significant. Total protein, Urea and Creatinine were significantly increased when compared with control. Treatment with Ginkgo biloba supplement showed reduction of kidney biomarkers. Total protein was significantly reduced in Cyclosporine induced animals compared to Ginkgo biloba supplement treated animals. The weight of the kidney was not significantly different in the animals that received both cyclosporine and Ginkgo biloba supplement. There was a histological alteration in kidney tissues following cyclosporine induction. However, Ginkgo biloba supplement restored normalcy to these tissues. In conclusion, this study suggests that Ginkgo biloba supplement protected the kidney against cyclosporine induced renal toxicity and this is attributed to the presence of flavonoids.
Model Application That Monitors and Evaluates the Economic Viability and Cost-effectiveness of Modular Gas Processing Plants for Gas Utilization in Field-X
Authors: A. U. Osadebe , C. G. J. Nmegbu , K. K. Dagde
Published: March 2022

This paper express model application that monitors and evaluates the economic viability and cost effectiveness of modular gas processing plant for the utilization of gas in Field-x. Critical evaluation has shown that these oil companies waste (flare) this precious resource primarily due to lack of processing infrastructures and remoteness of the field. Discounted cash flow analysis was used to evaluate the developed model for the utilization of associate gas for the marginal field. The profitability of the project was evaluated at discount rates of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% for a project life cycle of 10 years. The payback period for each scenario was approximately 2 years. Net Present Value (NPV) observed an increase almost linearly with time until later periods (about 5 years) which the relationship with non-linearity was visible. This suggests that the project was approaching its peak production, and there was a progressive decrease in the amount of gas flared. The Net Present Value (NPV) and Return on Investment (ROI) which is a fair indication of the profitability index of the project increased with reducing discount rate. All values of NPV were positive, and the Profitability Index (PI) of the project was greater than one. The regression model was also compared with the observed data from the field and the percentage error in prediction was less than 5% for all scenario of discount rate.
Insightful Valorization of Biological Activities of Flax Seed (Linum usitatissimum) through Experimental and Computer Aided Mechanisms
Authors: Raju M. Ganga , Burri Charitha , Reddy V N. V. L. Suvarchala
Published: March 2022

Flax also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, Linum usitatissimum, in the family Linaceae. The current study used haloperidol-induced catalepsy and reserpine antagonism to investigate in vivo anti- Parkinson's activity and in silico approaches like docking studies (schrodinger software), Ramchandran plot (procheck), ADME and biological activity score using (molinspiration) online software. The n-hexane extract of Linum usitatissinum (HELU) (flax seeds) exhibited various phytochemical constituents like carbohydrates, lignans, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, fatty acids, coumarin derivatives and sterols. Pharmacological tests were studied at 200 mg/kg bd.wt and 400 mg/kg bd.wt, using in vivo behavioural effects like muscular rigidity, tremors, akinesia, grip strength, and locomotory activity. The experiment was designed by giving haloperidol to induce catalepsy and Reserpne to induce Parkinson’s disease-like symptoms. The increased cataleptic scores were significantly decreased by HELU (200 and 400 mg/kg bd.wt., p.o.) in reserpine antagonism model. Docking studies for natural chemicals against PDB ID: 4I6B, 7JOZ, 4XUD, 4OYX were conducted to better understand the ligand-binding affinity of the extract's active ingredients. The results revealed that D-xylose, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, L-fucose, hesperidin, herbacetin, β-carboline, isoquinoline, ferulic acid, eicosapentanoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, beta sitosterol, niacin, aesculetin and standard drug levodopa, carbidopa had shown highest glide scores with all the selected proteins which indicate a stronger receptor-ligand binding affinity. Our findings revealed that Linum usitatissimum n-hexane extract has strong anti Parkinson's action.
Depth of Invasion as Tumor Indicator in Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in OSCC
Authors: Abidi Fizza , Fatima Sana , Zaidi Abeeha , Butt Saima , Saeed Shafaq , Batool Hira
Published: March 2022

Squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity is the 6th common cancer of the world and a major source of malignancy around the world. The best prognostic indicators for the occult lymph node metastasis are tumor depth of invasion and lymph node biopsies.

SAMPLE ABSTRACT:

Aims:. This study was conducted to assess the association of tumor depth of invasion and lymph nodes metastasis in oral cancer diagnosis at its initial stage.

Study design: Cross-Sectional Study design.

Place and Duration of Study:. Ziauddin Hospital, North Nazimabad campus, Karachi. January 2021 to January 2022.

Methodology: This Cross sectional study was conducted at the Ziauddin hospital, North nazimabad after Ziauddin University  Ethical Review Committee approval (Reference

Code: 0330618FAOM).140 biopsied surgical resection specimen slides were included the slides were evaluated by 3 investigators.

Results: . The mean age of 140 OSCC was found to be 46.87 ± 12.25 years. 80.7% of study population comprised of males. 50% of patients had T4 stage.  Moderately differentiated grade (89.3%) was the most predominnant  grade observed in this study. on the basis of DOI the patients were divided into 2 groups. One Group  with Depth of invasion upto 4 mm and second group with Depth of invasion >4 mm. depth of invasion above 4 mm was found  in 82.1% and without nodal metastasis(40.7%). The mean tumor size was was found  to be  4.36± 2.433 mm and tumor thickness was 1.95±1.48 mm. and the most common anatomical site was found  to be  buccal mucosa (73.6%). T Stage and Nodal status,Tumour thicknes showed significant association with depth of invasion  with p values  0.001,  0.023 and  0.002 respectively.

Conclusion: The tumor depth of invasion is found to be an important  variable that can be related  with  metastasis in Oral cancer  as  our  study showed its significant association with lymph node meatastasis.
The Effect of Levofloxacin Combinations on CRP Decrease in SARS CoV-2 Pneumonia
Authors: Onur Bayrakçi
Published: March 2022

Objective: Covid 19 pneumonia, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is a disease with severe damage to the lung. It was reported that in Covid 19, rate of 74%  antibiotics were used, and secondary bacterial infections were detected in at least 17.6% of the patients who used antibiotics. In this study, the effects of antibiotics in Covid 19 patients who do not use the steroid ​​on CRP decrease were aimed.

Materials and Methods: It was done in Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital Covid Wards between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020. The study included with positive PCR test (SARS-CoV-2), 18 age and more than, with pneumonia in CT, but users of steroid  were excluded. Ages, genders, comorbidities, WBC values, neutrophil values, CRP values (​​in the first 24 hours and the 3rd day), lung involvements in CT and antibiotics ​​of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. Accordingly, a total of 202 patients who compatible criteria were included in the study.  Chi Square Test was used in the statistical analysis of the data.

Results: The mean age was 60.2±2.57 (19-89). 53.9% of the patients were males and 46.1% females. There was a history of chronic disease in 54.9% of the patients. Findings of pneumonia in CT were 67.8% multifocal, and 32.2% unifocal. Covid 19 pneumonia was more often in males, in over 60 ages and in have a history of chronic disease. Antibiotics used were levofloxacin (L) and combined levofloxacin with piperacillin/tazobactam (LT) and meropenem (LM) and ceftriaxone (LC). When the 1st and 3rd day CRP values ​​were compared; as L<LT<LM<LC rate of decrease were calculated. It was determined that LM and LC were preferred more often in patients with comorbidities. There was no statistically significant difference between the rates of decrease on CRP values ​​of levofloxacin and its combinations in patients with normal WBC values.

Conclusion: According to this study, in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia; there is no significant difference between the rates of decrease on CRP values ​​of levofloxacin and its combinations. Antibiotics should be preferred if bacterial infection is suspected when the patient's clinic and infection parameters are evaluated. It should be taken into account that secondary coinfection rates are not high in the selection of antibiotics in Covid 19. Further studies are needed to detect bacterial coinfections early in patients.
Nanotherapeutic Drug Synthesized by Way of a Microbial Pathway Targeting Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sain Ziaullah M.
Published: March 2022

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most common human pathogens causing various infectious diseases. Further, its ability to form biofilm and the emergence of antibiotic resistance strains has made it difficult to treat the infection. A nanoparticle-based therapeutic approach is an emerging area to treat S. aureus infection. Among the different methods to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs), the use of microorganisms to fabricate metal nanoparticles with the antibacterial property against S. aureus has been investigated by several studies. The microbial approach is cost-effective, eco-friendly, and devoid of toxic byproducts produced in other methods of nanoparticles formation. The review details the use of bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, and lichens for producing nanoparticles of various metals, such as silver, gold, zinc, copper, iron, cerium, etc., of varying sizes and shapes and their effective use against S. aureus. The present review focuses on the reports of microbial-fabricated nanoparticles as therapeutic agents for treating S. aureus infection.
Customer Cooperation and Organizational Support in the Adoption of Self-Service Technologies
Authors: Galdolage B. S.
Published: March 2022

Traditional service encounters have been transformed by technological advancements into Self-Service Technologies (SSTs), in which customers are expected to perform services independently. Customer collaboration with SSTs and organizational support determine how quickly these technological interfaces are adopted. Since the existing literature does not adequately explain this phenomenon, this study explores customer cooperative behaviour at SSTs and investigate customer perceptions of organizations' support for SST adoption. Additionally, it seeks to distinguish distinct customer experiences based on customer cooperativeness and organization's support. To accomplish these research objectives, a qualitative approach was used, conducting semi-structured interviews with 25 SST users from a range of demographic backgrounds. The analysis was conducted using a thematic approach. This study identified five critical customer corporative behaviours at SSTs: adhering to fundamental requirements, accepting terms and conditions, accepting responsibility, changing habits, and tolerating failures. Additionally, the study identified four distinct customer experiences based on the extent to which customers cooperate with SSTs and the organizational support they receive: Tired experience, Pleasant experience, Distressed experience, and Inoperative experience. The study contributes new knowledge by identifying consumer cooperative conduct in SSTs, a phenomenon that is rare in the previous literature, and contributing to the marketing theory by developing a typology to explain customer experience in SSTs based on customer cooperation and organizational assistance. Businesses can leverage this expertise to effectively foster consumer cooperation and deliver exceptional customer experiences through self-service technologies.
Is D2 Lymphadenectomy Necessary in Elderly Gastric Cancer Patients? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Endo Shunji , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Higashida Masaharu , Kubota Hisako , Matsumoto Hideo , Tanaka Hironori , Okada Toshimasa , Yoshimatsu Kazuhiko , Sugimoto Ken , Ueno Tomio
Published: March 2022

Objective

We retrospectively analyzed the validity of limited lymphadenectomy (D1 and D1+) in elderly gastric cancer patients.

Summary of background data

According to the aging trend in Japan, patients with gastric cancer are continuing to age. The extent of lymphadenectomy preferable for older patients is unclear.

Methods

The data of 35 and 52 patients ≥80 years old with cT2− or N(+) gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and limited lymphadenectomy, respectively, at 2 institutions between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

The patients who underwent limited lymphadenectomy were older and their Onodera prognostic nutritional indexes were poorer than those who underwent D2 lymphadenectomy, although the differences were not significant. After propensity score matching, 28 patients in each group were analyzed. No significant differences in postoperative complications, initial recurrence sites, or causes of death were observed between the 2 groups except for postoperative respiratory failure, which was more frequent after D2 lymphadenectomy. The median overall survival time after D2 and limited lymphadenectomy was 73.9 and 70.9 months, respectively, with a hazard ratio of 1.32 (P = 0.53).

Conclusions

D1+ or even D1 lymphadenectomy may be acceptable for patients ≥80 years old with advanced gastric cancer.
OS AGENTES DESSENSIBILIZANTES ASSOCIADOS AO CLAREAMENTO DENTAL AFETAM AS CARACTERÍSTICAS ÓPTICAS DO ESMALTE E A PERMEABILIDADE DA DENTINA? Um estudo in vitro
Authors: Ianê Carvalho Bahiana Sarah , Porto de Almeida Daniele , Silva Nascimento Luciana , Nobrega Cavalcanti Andrea
Published: March 2022

Objetivos: Avaliar a variação da cor do esmalte, luminosidade e permeabilidade dentinária após clareamento com peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% associado a quatro dessensibilizantes. Métodos: foram obtidos de incisivos bovinos 100 corpos de provas (50 para análise de cor, 50 para permeabilidade). Foram imersos em solução de chá preto por 6 dias para coloração e foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em 5 grupos (n = 10) cada, de acordo com o dessensibilizante utilizado antes do clareamento dental. A avaliação da cor foi feita por espectrofotometria UV, e as curvas espectrais foram analisadas por parâmetros CIEL * a * b *. Avaliações foram realizadas em 3 momentos: antes da coloração, após a coloração e ao final do clareamento. Valores de condutância da permeabilidade foram obtidos com um simulador de pressão intrapulpar. Dados foram tabulados e analisados ​​estatisticamente (ANOVA / Tukey; α = 5%). Resultados: Não foi detectada diferença significativa na variação total da cor entre grupos clareados por associação com dessensibilizantes e o grupo controle. Todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram aumento significativo em sua luminosidade após o clareamento, sem variação entre estes no mesmo momento experimental. Dessensibilizantes e flúor - utilizado na dessensibilização - foram capazes de reduzir a permeabilidade, porém, o flúor não apresentou diferença estatística comparado ao grupo controle. Conclusão: O uso de dessensibilizantes prévios a clareamento, exceto fluoreto de sódio, reduziu a permeabilidade dentinária, não afetando o mecanismo de ação do clareamento com peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% no esmalte dentário. Após clareamento, os grupos mantiveram valores de permeabilidade reduzidos.
Predictors of Influenza Vaccination in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis 2017‐2021: Results From the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort
Authors: Ta Viviane , Schieir Orit , Valois Marie‐France , Colmegna Ines , Hitchon Carol , Bessette Louis , Hazlewood Glen , Thorne Carter , Pope Janet , Boire Gilles , Tin Diane , Keystone Edward C. , Bykerk Vivian P. , Bartlett Susan J.
Published: March 2022

Objective

Adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a higher risk for infections, including influenza and related complications. We identified influenza vaccination coverage in adults newly diagnosed with RA and examined sociodemographic RA characteristics and attitudes associated with vaccination.

Methods

We used data from patients enrolled in the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort between September 2017 and February 2021. At enrollment, participants reported their vaccination status in the previous year and completed the Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ). Clinical data were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of vaccination in the year after RA diagnosis.

Results

The baseline analytic sample of 431 patients were mostly White (80%) women (67%) with a mean age of 56 (SD 14) years. Prediagnosis, influenza vaccine coverage was 38%, increasing to 46% post diagnosis in the longitudinal sample (n = 229). Participants with previous influenza vaccination (odds ratio [OR] 15.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.37‐36.90), on biologics or JAKs (OR 5.42; 95% CI 1.72‐17.03), and with a higher change in BMQ Necessity‐Concerns Differential scores (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02‐1.15) had greater odds, whereas women (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.14‐0.71), participants with a non‐White racial background (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.04‐0.51), and participants currently smoking (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02‐0.37) had lower odds of influenza vaccine coverage.

Conclusion

Influenza vaccination coverage in patients with early RA remains below national targets in adults living with a chronic condition. Discussing vaccine history and medication attitudes at initial clinic visits with new patients with RA may enhance vaccine acceptance and uptake.
Mechanotransductive Mechanisms of Biomimetic Hydrogel Cues Modulating Meckel's Cartilage Degeneration
Authors: Farahat Mahmoud , Hara Emilio S. , Anada Risa , Kazi Gulsan A.S. , Akhter Nahid M. , Matsumoto Takuya
Published: March 2022

Meckel's cartilage, a cartilage rod present in the mandible during developmental stages, shows a unique developmental fate: while the anterior and posterior portions undergo ossification, the middle part degenerates. Previously, it was shown that a stiff environment promoted cartilage degeneration in the middle region, while a soft environment enhanced the mineralization in the anterior region of Meckel's cartilage. This study aims to elucidate the spatio‐temporal changes in the mechanosensing properties of Meckel's cartilage during its early developmental stages and clarify the mechanotransduction‐related mechanisms involved in its degeneration. The results show that the expression of Hippo pathway effector yes‐associated protein (YAP) is only detectable in the Meckel's cartilage onward embryonic day (E)14.5, indicating that mechanosensing is dependent on the tissue developmental stage. Consistently, microenvironmental stiffness‐induced cartilage degeneration can only be induced in cartilages onward E14.5, but not in those at earlier developmental stages. Expressions of integrin‐β1 and cartilage matrix‐degrading enzymes, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP‐1) and MMP‐13, are significantly enhanced in the degeneration area. Moreover, verteporfin (YAP inhibitor) and integrin‐β1 antibody block the substrate stiffness‐induced degeneration by suppressing the expressions of MMP‐1 and MMP‐13. These data provide new insights into the interplay between biochemical and mechanical cues determining the fate of Meckel's cartilage.
High Sensitivity, Broad Working Range, Comfortable, and Biofriendly Wearable Strain Sensor for Electronic Skin
Authors: Ma Chao , Wang Meng , Uzabakiriho Pierre Claver , Zhao Gang
Published: March 2022

With the rapid advances in wearable technology, several excellent strain sensors have been developed. Recent strain sensors have met various requirements, such as mechanical applicability, rapid responsiveness, and high sensitivity. Nevertheless, the processing technology, wearing comfort, and safety of strain sensors, which have received inadequate attention, have greatly hindered their commercial development and large‐scale use. Through mature electrospinning and screen‐printing, a high‐performance, safe, comfortable, waterproof, breathable, economical, and reliable wearable strain sensor is simply and quickly prepared. This strain sensor has excellent repeatability and stability with remarkable sensitivity (maximum gauge factor = 520), a broad working strain range (500%), and an ultrafast response time (100 ms). Notably, the mechanical properties of the proposed strain sensor are similar to those of natural skin, making the sensor a good match to the skin. Additionally, the strain sensor has incomparable biofriendly, enabling long‐term harmless contact with the skin. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the optimization of flexible electronic equipment in terms of the manufacturing process, sensing performance, and wearing experience. The results of this study have important implications for the development and practical application of flexible electronics.
Association of life‐course traumatic brain injury with dementia risk: A nationwide twin study
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Yang Wenzhe , Li Xuerui , Dove Abigail , Qi Xiuying , Pan Kuan‐Yu , Xu Weili
Published: March 2022

Introduction

The impact of life‐course traumatic brain injury (TBI) on dementia is unclear.

Methods

Within the Swedish Twin Registry (STR), 35,312 dementia‐free twins were followed for up to 18 years. TBI history was identified via medical records. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equation (GEE) and conditional logistic regression.

Results

In multi‐adjusted GEE models, the odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) of dementia was 1.27 (1.03–1.57) for TBI at any age, 1.55 (1.04–2.31) for TBI at 50 to 59 years, and 1.67 (1.12–2.49) for TBI at 60 to 69 years. Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) increased dementia risk associated with TBI at age 50 to 69 years. The ORs in GEE and conditional logistic regression did not differ significantly (P = .37).

Discussion

TBI, especially between ages 50 and 69 years, is associated with an increased risk of dementia, and this is exacerbated among people with CMDs. Genetic and early‐life environmental factors may not account for the TBI–dementia association.
Experimentally Validated Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Organic‐Based Sodium‐Ion Battery Electrode Manufacturing
Authors: Lombardo Teo , Lambert Fanny , Russo Roberto , Zanotto Franco M. , Frayret Christine , Toussaint Gwenaelle , Stevens Philippe , Becuwe Matthieu , Franco Alejandro A.
Published: March 2022

Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have triggered the transition from internal combustion engine cars to electric vehicles, and are also making inroads into the grid storage sector, but the future quantity of batteries necessary poses several challenges in terms of raw material availability and sustainability. For this reason, many alternative chemistries are being proposed, such as substituting lithium with other more abundant elements, like sodium, or shifting from inorganic to organic‐based active materials, all of which require the development and testing of new chemistries. The electrode properties are not only a function of the chemistry, but also of the electrode manufacturing and resulting microstructure. In this work, we applied a three‐dimensional computational workflow, initially developed in the context of inorganic‐based electrodes for LIBs, to simulate the manufacturing of sodium‐ion battery anodes using an in‐house synthesized organic‐based active material. This computational workflow accounts for the slurry, its drying, and electrode calendering steps, and was validated by comparing simulated and experimental properties of the slurry and electrode. In addition, the calendering step was studied computationally to identify optimal electrode compressions, and the trend observed was confirmed experimentally through galvanostatic cycling in half‐cell configuration. The positive results shown here are an important demonstration of the chemistry neutrality of our manufacturing models, paving the way towards their application to both commercial and novel chemistries.
Potassium in silicon‐rich biomass wastes: A perspective of slow‐release potassium sources
Authors: Nguyen Hue T. , Nguyen Anh T.Q. , Vu Trang T.T. , Duong Lim T. , Nguyen Minh N.
Published: March 2022

Many plant species that are known as silicon (Si) accumulators can form a so‐called phytolith (silicified structure) within their organs. Together with organic matter, potassium (K) has also been found in phytolith structures (phytK). Annually, billions of tons of Si‐rich biomass wastes are cycled in agricultural and natural systems worldwide. However, the fate of the phytolith and its phytK have not been fully understood. This study aims to examine the dynamic release of phytK from phytoliths of reed, rice straw, maize and sugarcane leaf samples. Phytoliths obtained from the biomasses by performing heat treatment at 600 °C were used for batch kinetic experiments. The phytK was found to have 26.3 ± 10.6, 98.9 ± 17.4, 24.9 ± 14.8 and 58.8 ± 13.9 mg Kg−1 for the reed, rice straw, sugarcane and maize leaves, respectively. These phytK amounts comprised at least >45% of the total K budgets in the biomasses and they were observed to be gradually released with time. The retardation of phytK was tightly related to the dissolution rate of phytoliths. The findings highlight that phytoliths carry certain amounts of K, potentially serving as a slow‐release K source for soil and crops. Additionally, this short communication suggests a premise for the development of refinery strategies or extending the range of agronomic options for billions of tons of Si‐rich biomass wastes worldwide. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
To facilitate a fair bioeconomy transition, stronger regional‐level linkages are needed
Authors: Andersen Mikael S. , Christensen Lotte D. , Donner‐Amnell Jakob , Eikeland Per O. , Hedeler Barbara , Hildingsson Roger , Johansson Bengt , Khan Jamil , Kronsell Annica , Inderberg Tor H. J. , Nielsen Helle Ø. , Pizzol Massimo , Sairinen Rauno , Skjærseth Jon B. , Söderholm Patrik , Teräväinen Tuula , Thomsen Marianne
Published: March 2022

The great hopes in Brussels that a circular bioeconomy will help bridge the growing divide between urban and rural areas and allow the hinterlands to prosper from ‘green growth’ are addressed in this article, which reflects on insights from three Nordic case studies of brown, green and blue biomass use at different levels of technology readiness. A closer examination of the forward, backward, fiscal and final demand linkages at regional level from increased biomass utilization, from eastern Finland and northern Sweden to Jutland and North Atlantic islands, suggests that linkages are and will remain relatively weak, predominantly dashing the expectations. As suppliers and exporters of natural resources, disadvantaged regions may all too easily get locked into a ‘staples trap’, where the value creation evaporates owing in part to the steep start‐up costs and the associated boom‐and‐bust cycles, which place them in a weak position vis‐à‐vis the resource manufacturers and consumers. To make the prospects of development, employment and prosperity in the hinterlands materialize, measures are needed to strengthen the regional‐level economic linkages. Regional‐level revolving funds based on benefit‐sharing instruments related to natural resources can be used to bolster economic development, as reflected in such schemes present in both China and Canada. We call for further research into whether and how such approaches can be replicated successfully by channeling revenues from biomass cultivation to regional‐scale revolving funds, with mandates to strengthen long‐term economic linkages and prosperity within the hinterlands. © 2022 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Incision‐free, coronally advanced flap with subepithelial connective tissue graft placed by the molar or canine access (MOCA) technique: 13 case series
Authors: Kashani Hooshang , Vora Manali V. , Kuraji Ryutaro , Fathi‐Kelly Hoorshad , Nguyen Trung , Tamraz Beniel , Tran Christine , Kapila Yvonne L.
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Root coverage procedures are not always predictable, and outcomes depend on several factors. This technique provides a predictable alternative to managing facial gingival recessions.

Case Series

A new grafting technique is introduced that requires no incisions at the recipient site, thereby preserving the integrity of the local blood supply to optimize the healing process. The graft is placed through the gingival sulcus via a molar or canine access (MOCA) approach, and there is minimal tension on the coronally advanced flap through use of suspension sutures. Thirteen non‐smoking patients, between the ages of 27 and 57, with Cairo RT1 facial recession were studied, with a follow‐up period of 1–60 weeks. This paper explains the step‐by‐step technique and highlights 13 cases.

Conclusion

Complete root coverage was achieved in all 13 cases, although one case showed initial altered healing. While MOCA is technique sensitive, it provides optimal root coverage results. With no incisions at the recipient site, there is no uneven texture or scar formation, and healing proceeds with minimal interruption.

Why is this case series new information?

MOCA is a unique approach to introduce grafts into non‐incised sites of recession that can be one, two, or three teeth away at molars or canines.

Non‐incised approach minimizes interruption to blood supply.

Coronally advanced flaps are secured in place with composite‐fastened suspension sutures for tension‐free flap closure.

What are the keys to successful management of these cases?

Good quality and quantity of connective tissue graft

Early diagnosis and treatment of recession

Expert surgical technique

What are the key limitations to the success of these cases?

The quality of the donor site is variable among patients.

A technique‐sensitive approach

Advanced recession might warrant a second surgery.
Cytomorphologic features of thyroid nodules harboring thyroid adenoma‐associated fusion: A single institutional review of 11 cases
Authors: Roberts James W. , Lubin Daniel J. , Shi Qiuying , Viswanathan Kartik
Published: March 2022

Background

Thyroid adenoma‐associated (THADA) fusions are being identified more frequently with increased preoperative molecular testing on indeterminate thyroid fine‐needle aspirates (FNA). However, data on cytomorphologic features of THADA‐fusion thyroid lesions are limited. We examined cytomorphologic features of a THADA‐fusion thyroid FNA cohort with clinical, radiologic, and histologic data.

Methods

Our THADA fusion FNA cohort included 11 specimens from 11 patients with a mean age and F:M ratio of 56.5 years and 2.7:1, respectively. Ten cases had FNA slides available for review and five cases had histopathology. Air‐dried Diff‐Quik and alcohol‐fixed Papanicolaou smears, and formalin‐fixed cell blocks were reviewed and findings were correlated with the matched resection, when available. Clinical and radiologic data were obtained from the medical record.

Results

THADA fusion thyroid lesions were hypoechoic or isoechoic (80%), solid (80%) with well‐demarcated margins (100%) on ultrasound. Notable cytomorphologic features include crowded or prominent microfollicular groups (100%), scant colloid (91%), and mild nuclear atypia with nuclear grooves (100%), insignificant nuclear pleomorphism (100%), and without intranuclear pseudoinclusions (100%). All cases were classified as either atypia of undetermined significance (91%) or suspicious for follicular neoplasm (9%). Five resected cases were all low‐risk lesions (benign and malignant) with no evidence of recurrence in the limited available follow‐up.

Conclusion

THADA‐fusion thyroid FNAs show a crowded or prominent microfollicular pattern with mild nuclear atypia and without intranuclear pseudoinclusions, which overlaps with the cytomorphology of other RAS‐like thyroid lesions. In our cohort, resected THADA lesions were low risk on histologic analysis.
Maternal deprivation affects goat kids’ social behavior before and after weaning
Authors: Toinon Claire , Waiblinger Susanne , Rault Jean‐Loup
Published: March 2022

Maternal deprivation has been shown to disrupt the development of neonates. Nevertheless, separating the young animals from their dams soon after birth is a common practice in dairy farming. We investigated the effects of maternal deprivation on goat kids’ (Capra hircus) social behavior and social ontogeny before and after weaning. Twenty female kids were raised together with their dams (DR kids) and other lactating goats and kids, whereas 20 female kids were separated from their dams 3 days after birth and artificially reared together (AR kids). At weaning, each treatment group was split in half and moved into two new pens where they were mixed with the other treatment group. Social behaviors were recorded before and after weaning. Before weaning, AR kids were observed performing more play‐fighting, racing, stepping on each other, and standing in contact with each other than DR kids, but AR allogroomed less and spent less time resting alone than DR kids. After weaning and mixing of the treatments, DR kids initiated more and received less agonistic interactions than AR kids, but this difference reduced across the 5 weeks of observations as AR kids appeared to progressively change their social behavior after interacting with DR kids.