bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Counties that Counted: Could 2020 Repeat 2016 in the US Electoral College?
Authors: Agnew John , Shin Michael
Published: March 2020

We briefly trace the claim that a set of counties across the three states of Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in large part determined the outcome of the 2016 presidential election. Rather than the demographic characteristics of the Census as such it is the meaning that these categories (young/old, Black/White, male/female, and so on) take on in particular places in which people’s lives are grounded that drives electoral outcomes. Given that the counties in question were ones in which Obama had performed well but which Trump won in 2016 and this shift was put down to his appeal to those “left behind” in the post-2008 economy, we focus on whether or not this localized appeal can be expected to continue in 2020.
Protein import by the mitochondrial disulfide relay in higher eukaryotes
Authors: Finger Yannik , Riemer Jan
Published: March 2020

The proteome of the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) contains more than 100 proteins, all of which are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and consequently need to be imported by dedicated machineries. The mitochondrial disulfide relay is the major import machinery for soluble proteins in the IMS. Its major component, the oxidoreductase MIA40, interacts with incoming substrates, retains them in the IMS, and oxidatively folds them. After this reaction, MIA40 is reoxidized by the sulfhydryl oxidase augmenter of liver regeneration, which couples disulfide formation by this machinery to the activity of the respiratory chain. In this review, we will discuss the import of IMS proteins with a focus on recent findings showing the diversity of disulfide relay substrates, describing the cytosolic control of this import system and highlighting the physiological relevance of the disulfide relay machinery in higher eukaryotes.
From cytosol to mitochondria: the beginning of a protein journey
Authors: Avendaño-Monsalve Maria Clara , Ponce-Rojas José Carlos , Funes Soledad
Published: March 2020

Mitochondrial protein import is one of the key processes during mitochondrial biogenesis that involves a series of events necessary for recognition and delivery of nucleus-encoded/cytosol-synthesized mitochondrial proteins into the organelle. The past research efforts have mainly unraveled how membrane translocases ensure the correct protein sorting within the different mitochondrial subcompartments. However, early steps of recognition and delivery remain relatively uncharacterized. In this review, we discuss our current understanding about the signals on mitochondrial proteins, as well as in the mRNAs encoding them, which with the help of cytosolic chaperones and membrane receptors support protein targeting to the organelle in order to avoid improper localization. In addition, we discuss recent findings that illustrate how mistargeting of mitochondrial proteins triggers stress responses, aiming to restore cellular homeostasis.
Feature-aware forecasting of large-scale time series data sets
Authors: Hartmann Claudio , Kegel Lars , Lehner Wolfgang
Published: March 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) sparks a revolution in time series forecasting. Traditional techniques forecast time series individually, which becomes unfeasible when the focus changes to thousands of time series exhibiting anomalies like noise and missing values. This work presents CSAR, a technique forecasting a set of time series with only one model, and a feature-aware partitioning applying CSAR on subsets of similar time series. These techniques provide accurate forecasts a hundred times faster than traditional techniques, preparing forecasting for the arising challenges of the IoT era.
Fast paraphrase extraction in Ancient Greek literature
Authors: Pöckelmann Marcus , Dähne Janis , Ritter Jörg , Molitor Paul
Published: March 2020

In this paper,

A shorter version of the paper appeared in German in the final report of theDigital Platoproject which was funded by the Volkswagen Foundation from 2016 to 2019. [35], [28].

we present a method for paraphrase extraction in Ancient Greek that can be applied to huge text corpora in interactive humanities applications. Since lexical databases and POS tagging are either unavailable or do not achieve sufficient accuracy for ancient languages, our approach is based on pure word embeddings and the word mover’s distance (WMD) [20]. We show how to adapt the WMD approach to paraphrase searching such that the expensive WMD computation has to be computed for a small fraction of the text segments contained in the corpus, only. Formally, the time complexity will be reduced fromO(N·K3·logK)\mathcal{O}(N\cdot {K^{3}}\cdot \log K)toO(N+K3·logK)\mathcal{O}(N+{K^{3}}\cdot \log K), compared to the brute-force approach which computes the WMD between each text segment of the corpus and the search query.Nis the length of the corpus andKthe size of its vocabulary. The method, which searches not only for paraphrases of the same length as the search query but also for paraphrases of varying lengths, was evaluated on the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae®(TLG®) [25]. The TLG consists of about75·10675\cdot {10^{6}}Greek words. We searched the whole TLG for paraphrases for given passages of Plato. The experimental results show that our method and the brute-force approach, with only very few exceptions, propose the same text passages in the TLG as possible paraphrases. The computation times of our method are in a range that allows its application in interactive systems and let the humanities scholars work productively and smoothly.
Risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in water, sediment and plants in the Nile River in the Cairo region, Egypt
Authors: Al-Afify Afify D.G. , Abdel-Satar Amaal M
Published: March 2020

Samples of water, sediment and two native plants (Eichhornia crassipes and Ceratophyllum demersum), collected seasonally from eight sites, were analyzed to investigate the level of contamination with metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Cd) in the Nile River in the Cairo region, using heavy metal pollution and contamination indices in the case of water, and the geoaccumulation index, the pollution load index, the enrichment factor and the potential ecological risk factor in the case of sediment. The results clarified that the levels of metals among three compartments were in order: sediments > plants > water. The Nile water in Cairo is not critically polluted by the studied metals and the metal pollution index for most sites does not exceed the critical limit (< 100). Sediment samples showed a clear accumulation of Mn, Ni and Cd when compared with benchmarks cited by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), especially during low flow seasons. The contribution of Cd to the ecological risk assessment was about 80%, while the contribution of Ni was about 10%, reflecting that these elements originated primarily from anthropogenic sources. Eichhornia crassipes and Ceratophyllum demersum have a higher accumulation capacity for Mn, Cu and Fe compared to the other studied metals.
Physiological Basis of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in a Tympanal Ear
Authors: Warren Ben , Fenton Georgina E. , Klenschi Elizabeth , Windmill James F.C. , French Andrew S.
Published: March 2020

Acoustic overexposure, such as listening to loud music too often, results in noise-induced hearing loss. The pathologies of this prevalent sensory disorder begin within the ear at synapses of the primary auditory receptors, their postsynaptic partners and their supporting cells. The extent of noise-induced damage, however, is determined by overstimulation of primary auditory receptors, upstream of where the pathologies manifest. A systematic characterization of the electrophysiological function of the upstream primary auditory receptors is warranted to understand how noise exposure impacts on downstream targets, where the pathologies of hearing loss begin. Here, we used the experimentally-accessible locust ear (male,Schistocerca gregaria)to characterize a decrease in the auditory receptor's ability to respond to sound after noise exposure. Surprisingly, after noise exposure, the electrophysiological properties of the auditory receptors remain unchanged, despite a decrease in the ability to transduce sound. This auditory deficit stems from changes in a specialized receptor lymph that bathes the auditory receptors, revealing striking parallels with the mammalian auditory system.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNoise exposure is the largest preventable cause of hearing loss. It is the auditory receptors that bear the initial brunt of excessive acoustic stimulation, because they must convert excessive sound-induced movements into electrical signals, but remain functional afterward. Here we use the accessible ear of an invertebrate to, for the first time in any animal, characterize changes in auditory receptors after noise overexposure. We find that their decreased ability to transduce sound into electrical signals is, most probably, due to changes in supporting (scolopale) cells that maintain the ionic composition of the ear. An emerging doctrine in hearing research is that vertebrate primary auditory receptors are surprisingly robust, something that we show rings true for invertebrate ears too.
Contribution of NPY Y5Receptors to the Reversible Structural Remodeling of Basolateral Amygdala Dendrites in Male Rats Associated with NPY-Mediated Stress Resilience
Authors: Michaelson Sheldon D. , Miranda Tapia Ana Pamela , McKinty Amanda , Silveira Villarroel Heika , Mackay James P. , Urban Janice H. , Colmers William F.
Published: March 2020

Endogenous neuropeptide Y (NPY) and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) modulate the responses of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to stress and are associated with the development of stress resilience and vulnerability, respectively. We characterized persistent effects of repeated NPY and CRF treatment on the structure and function of BLA principal neurons in a novel organotypic slice culture (OTC) model of male rat BLA, and examined the contributions of specific NPY receptor subtypes to these neural and behavioral effects. In BLA principal neurons within the OTCs, repeated NPY treatment caused persistent attenuation of excitatory input and induced dendritic hypotrophy via Y5receptor activation; conversely, CRF increased excitatory input and induced hypertrophy of BLA principal neurons. Repeated treatment of OTCs with NPY followed by an identical treatment with CRF, or vice versa, inhibited or reversed all structural changes in OTCs. These structural responses to NPY or CRF required calcineurin or CaMKII, respectively. Finally, repeated intra-BLA injections of NPY or a Y5receptor agonist increased social interaction, a validated behavior for anxiety, and recapitulated structural changes in BLA neurons seen in OTCs, while a Y5receptor antagonist prevented NPY's effects both on behavior and on structure. These results implicate the Y5receptor in the long-term, anxiolytic-like effects of NPY in the BLA, consistent with an intrinsic role in stress buffering, and highlight a remarkable mechanism by which BLA neurons may adapt to different levels of stress. Moreover, BLA OTCs offer a robust model to study mechanisms associated with resilience and vulnerability to stress in BLA.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWithin the basolateral amygdala (BLA), neuropeptide Y (NPY) is associated with buffering the neural stress response induced by corticotropin releasing factor, and promoting stress resilience. We used a novel organotypic slice culture model of BLA, complemented within vivostudies, to examine the cellular mechanisms associated with the actions of NPY. In organotypic slice cultures, repeated NPY treatment reduces the complexity of the dendritic extent of anxiogenic BLA principal neurons, making them less excitable. NPY, via activation of Y5 receptors, additionally inhibits and reverses the increases in dendritic extent and excitability induced by the stress hormone, corticotropin releasing factor. This NPY-mediated neuroplasticity indicates that resilience or vulnerability to stress may thus involve neuropeptide-mediated dendritic remodeling in BLA principal neurons.
Generalized hypertrophic lichen planus: an atypical presentation of a characteristic disease
Authors: Mirchandani Sharan , Ballal Devesh Sanjeev , Rodrigues Gabriel , Pai Kantilatha
Published: March 2020

Lichen planus is a common chronic inflammatory condition that affects skin and mucous membranes. Management is often delayed because of patient embarrassment or misdiagnosis by the clinician. Early recognition and treatment is essential to reduce the morbidity of this condition. We present a 58-year-old woman diagnosed with generalized hypertrophic lichen planus, a rare event, reported to occur usually on lower extremities, but found to be generalized in our patient, requiring excision of symptomatic lesions. We suggest a multidisciplinary approach to allay the anxiety and symptoms of these patients and to improve the quality of life and clinical outcomes.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ЗНИЖЕННЯ ЕМІСІЇ СО2 В ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОМУ СЕКТОРІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: СЕРДЮК Олександр
Published: March 2020

Нині українська енергетична система, а саме – сектор теплової енергетики, є найбільшим у країні продуцентом СО2. З огляду на вагомий внесок енергетичного сектору України в загальнодержавне продукування СО2, необхідність у його реструктуризації стає дедалі очевиднішою з економічної точки зору. Однак відсутність економічних стимулів для приватних сторін та обмежені фінансові можливості державного сектору гальмують реалізацію відповідних заходів. Зважаючи на те, що природні економічні стимули зниження викидів СО2 приватним сектором в енергетиці (80% теплової енергетики належить приватному сектору) можуть виникнути лише у випадку зміни кон’юнктури ринку енергоносіїв, постає питання щодо ефективного використання обмежених фінансових ресурсів держави для таких потреб.З огляду на це, розроблено концепцію зниження емісії СО2 в енергетичному секторі України, яка має реалізовуватись у три етапи: оптимізація виробництва електроенергії на ТЕС шляхом приведення навантаження до максимального та відносно ефективного рівнів, за яких на одиницю викидів СО2 продукуватиметься найбільша кількість енергії; кластеризація ТЕС на дві групи за показниками ефективності експлуатації: виокремлення відносно ефективних ТЕС, що підлягають модернізації; ранжування відносно неефективних ТЕС за пріоритетністю до заміни на відновлювальні джерела енергії.Для встановлення підприємств, по відношенню до яких мають бути застосовані запропоновані заходи, розроблено програмне забезпечення, яке визначатиме відповідну інформацію шляхом аналізу даних, що характеризують діяльність підприємств.
On Some Inequalities Involving Harmonic Mean and Moments
Authors: Madhu gupta  , Rajesh Sharma  , S.R. Sharma
Published: March 2020

We derive bounds on the second order moment of a random variable in terms of its arithmetic and harmonic means. Both discrete and continuous cases are considered and it is shown that the present bounds provide refinements of the bounds which exist in literature. As an application we obtain a lower bound for the spread of a positive definite matrix A in terms of traces of A, A-1 and A2. Our results compare favourably with those obtained by Wolkowicz and Styan (Bounds for eigenvalues using traces, Lin. Alg. Appl. 29, 471-506, 1980).
A concept map template to be used by medical students for displaying pathophysiological mechanisms within clinical cases
Authors: Fonseca Marta , Oliveira Beatriz , Carreiro-Martins Pedro , Neuparth Nuno , Rendas Antonio
Published: March 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: The use of concept maps (CMs) in health and medical education is increasing, particularly in the last decade. The research developed in this area has not yet clarified the role played by CMs in meaningful learning. Approach: Our group developed a methodology, in a pathophysiology course, based on the classical CMs construction, using short clinical cases. Outcomes: We propose a template that allows the display of the short clinical case embedded in the architecture of the CMs and connecting words targeted to specific pathophysiological mechanisms. Next Steps: We consider that this experience can be extrapolated to the teaching and learning of pathophysiology in other health areas.
A valorização imobiliária em Belo Horizonte, 1995-2012: uma análise hedônica-quantílica
Authors: Paixão Luiz Andrés Ribeiro , Luporini Viviane
Published: March 2020

Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo estimar índice de preços hedônicos-quantílicos para o mercado de apartamentos em Belo Horizonte, entre 1995 e 2012. A técnica de regressão quantílica foi utilizada pelo fato de o mercado imobiliário ser segmentado. Os resultados indicam que até 2004 a valorização imobiliária foi modesta. Contribuíram para esses resultados a falta de um marco institucional para o Sistema Financeiro da Habitação (SFH) e o ambiente macroeconômico incerto. Por essa razão, não houve um padrão para a valorização imobiliária nos diversos quantis. A partir de 2005, a valorização imobiliária foi intensa em todos os segmentos. Até 2009, os segmentos superiores exibiram maiores taxas de valorização. A partir de 2009, houve uma reversão desse padrão de valorização nos quantis, e os apartamentos dos segmentos inferiores passaram a exibir maior valorização. Parte dessa mudança pode ser atribuída às políticas anticíclicas adotadas pelo Governo Federal para atenuar os efeitos recessivos da crise mundial.
Como a deﬁciência afeta a educação e o trabalho de jovens no Brasil
Authors: Becker Kalinca Léia
Published: March 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como a discriminação e as limitações das atividades causadas pela deﬁciência podem afetar a educação e o trabalho dos jovens com idade entre 15 e 24 anos. Para isso, utilizaram-se os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013 e um modelo logit multinomial para estimar as probabilidades de o jovem estudar/ trabalhar/ procurar emprego. Os resultados indicaram que, de maneira geral, a deﬁciência contribui para diminuir a frequência escolar e a participação no mercado de trabalho, principalmente no caso da deﬁciência intelectual. Algumas exceções foram observadas, como no caso dos jovens com deﬁciência visual e com deﬁciência física sem limitações das atividades habituais, que apresentam maior probabilidade de trabalhar. Os homens com deﬁciência auditiva e limitações das atividades habituais apresentam maior probabilidade de estudar. Esses resultados podem estar associados às políticas de educação especial e de cotas de emprego para pessoas com deﬁciência.
As indústrias da transformação são concentradas espacialmente? Um teste empírico para o Brasil (2002-2014)
Authors: Rocha Roberta de Moraes , Araujo José Ewerton Silva , Almeida Edilberto Tiago de
Published: March 2020

Resumo O artigo apresenta novas evidências da concentração industrial no Brasil para o período de 2002 a 2014. A partir de Ellison e Glaeser (1994; 1997) e usando os microdados dos estabelecimentos da RAIS-ME, por meio de dois testes estatísticos, verificam-se quais divisões da indústria da transformação são concentradas. A análise é desagregada setorialmente, e explora-se a dinâmica do indicador de concentração (EGI). Os resultados indicaram que as indústrias são mais concentradas do que seriam se as escolhas locacionais das firmas fossem aleatórias, e que a maioria das indústrias tenderam a se desconcentrar ou o EGI ficou relativamente estável, à exceção da indústria de “Equipamentos/Material Eletrônico”, que é de alta tecnologia. Porém, a tradicional “indústria de Artefatos de Couro”, intensiva em mão de obra, também esteve entre as primeiras colocadas no ranking do EGI, sugerindo que o labor pooling, entre outros fatores, é uma importante economia de aglomeração da indústria.
Cytotoxicity of Chelating Agents Used In Endodontics and Their Influence on MMPs of Cell Membranes
Authors: Pivatto Kellin , Pedro Fabio Luis Miranda , Guedes Orlando Aguirre , Silva Adriana Fernandes da , Piva Evandro , Pereira Thiago Machado , Rosa Welligton Luiz de Oliveira da , Borges Alvaro Henrique
Published: March 2020

Abstract This study evaluated the cytotoxic effect and the ability to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) of 0.2% chitosan (CH) and 1% acetic acid (AA) compared with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Cell viability assay was performed according to ISO 10993-5 with mouse fibroblasts (L929). The culture was exposed to 0.2% CH, 1% AA, and 17% EDTA. The chelating agents were evaluated immediately after contact with the cells and after 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h of incubation. Cell viability was analyzed using the 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Inhibition of the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was evaluated by gelatin zymography. Different concentrations of CH were evaluated: 50 mM, 5 mM, 0.5 mM, and 0.05 mM. EDTA (0.5 mM) was used as a positive control. The results demonstrated that CH and AA had an initial cytotoxic effect, which decreased after 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h, being statistically similar to EDTA (P > 0.05). Additionally, CH at concentrations of 50 mM, 5 mM, and 0.5 mM had an inhibitory effect on MMP-2 and MMP-9, similar to that of the control with EDTA. The chelating agents had no cytotoxic effects after 24 h. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were inhibited by the experimental solutions.
Association between Genetic Polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL and OPG and Peri-Implant Diseases in Patients from the Amazon Region
Authors: Silva Raphael Carvalho e , Reis Marilia Bianchini Lemos , Arid Juliana , Flores Elvira Katherine Barriga , Cruz Giuseppe Valduga , Marañón-Vásquez Guido A. , Souza Lizete Karla Filgueiras de , Novaes Jr Arthur Belém , Queiroz Alexandra Mussolino de , Küchler Erika Calvano
Published: March 2020

Abstract The present study evaluated polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL and OPG-encoding genes to assess whether they are associated with mucositis and peri-implantitis in a population from the Brazilian Amazon region. One hundred and fourteen patients with dental implants were included in the study. After clinical and radiographic examination, the sample was categorized into 4 groups, according to the peri-implant status: Healthy (n=71), Mucositis (n=30), Peri-implantitis (n=13) and Diseased (Mucositis + Peri-implantitis, n=43). Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal cells from saliva, and the genetic polymorphism in osteoprotegerin (OPG), Kappa nuclear factor activator receptor (RANKL) and nuclear kappa factor activator receptor (RANK) were genotyped by the real time PCR. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to compare clinical variables among groups and to evaluate genotypes and alleles distributions and the established alpha was 5%. Age, peri-implant biotype, diabetes and presence of peri-implant biofilm were associated with mucositis (p<0.05) and peri-implantitis (p<0.05). Smoking, alcoholism, and periodontal biofilms were also associated with the presence of peri-implantitis (p<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analysis did not demonstrate an association of peri-implantitis or mucositis with any genetic polymorphism in RANK (rs3826620), RANKL (rs9594738) and OPG (rs2073618) (p>0.05). The studied genetic polymorphism in RANK, RANKL and OPG were not associated with mucositis and peri-implantitis in a Brazilian population from the Amazon region.
Maria Teresa Estrela e as Ciências da Educação em Portugal
Authors: Silva Camila Ferreira da
Published: March 2020

RESUMO O processo de constituição de um espaço acadêmico específico da área das Ciências da Educação em Portugal relaciona-se com a efervescência da cientifização da pedagogia em outros países no século XIX, acarretada pela relação entre industrialização e universalização da educação, bem como com as próprias demandas e lutas nacionais no âmbito educacional no século seguinte. Objetivar, pois, este espaço constitui um exercício complexo de reflexividade, no qual o contexto português deve ser tomado como expressão sui generis que possibilita, por meio de suas especificidades, entender dinâmicas mais amplas do campo científico e do ensino superior desse país. Esse é o cenário desta entrevista com a professora catedrática jubilada do Instituto de Educação (IE) da Universidade de Lisboa (UL) Maria Teresa Estrela. Parte-se da posição acadêmica da professora - uma das cientistas mulheres pioneiras na autonomização das Ciências da Educação em Portugal, com décadas de atuação na UL desde o fim da ditadura em 1974 - para promover um diálogo entre a sua trajetória formativa e profissional e o próprio desenvolvimento do espaço das Ciências da Educação no cenário acadêmico português.
Planejamento e gestão educacional no Brasil: hegemonia governamental e construção da autonomia local
Authors: Fonseca Marília , Ferreira Eliza Bartolozzi , Scaff Elisangela Alves da Silva
Published: March 2020

RESUMO O texto analisa a política educacional brasileira a partir das últimas décadas do Século XX e início do Século XXI. Examina como a gestão e o planejamento educacional foram configurados nos diferentes governos que se sucederam ao longo do período de 1964 a 1985, que corresponde ao regime militar, orientado pela ideologia do crescimento econômico e da segurança nacional. Considera a fase democrática que o sucedeu como um período de mudanças em direção à inserção do País no processo de globalização econômica, quando se imprimiu um perfil gerencial à gestão e ao planejamento escolar, notadamente no contexto da Reforma do Estado de 1995. O texto analisa, ainda, o período 2003-2015, quando uma nova gestão governamental instituiu, em 2007, o Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR). O objetivo principal do plano é estabelecer uma cultura de planejamento nas secretarias municipais de educação e nas escolas de ensino fundamental, como instrumento para consolidar a autonomia local.
Arranjos institucionais para a gestão da educação em territórios da Bahia: tensões entre o público e o privado
Authors: Miranda Maura da Silva , Cunha Maria Couto , Pereira Rodrigo da Silva
Published: March 2020

RESUMO O artigo apresenta os primeiros resultados de pesquisa que investiga uma nova forma de gestão dos sistemas educacionais a partir da promoção de arranjos institucionais de gestão territorial da educação por meio dos Consórcios Públicos (CP) e Arranjos de Desenvolvimento da Educação (ADE) em parceria público-privada, frente às lacunas conceituais e operacionais do regime de colaboração e das formas de cooperação do federalismo brasileiro e diante do silenciamento do governo federal sobre a instituição do Sistema Nacional de Educação. A partir da análise de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas com sujeitos envolvidos no processo, o estudo busca investigar sob que ordenamentos jurídicos, concepções e interesses políticos tais arranjos se fundamentam, como eles vêm sendo disseminados no país, demonstrando as iniciativas em curso no estado da Bahia com os Consórcios Públicos sob a iniciativa governamental. Os resultados preliminares sinalizam o crescimento de parcerias público-privadas no âmbito dos preceitos da Nova Gestão Pública que sustentam a conformação dos arranjos, por meio de redes de governança corporativa da política educacional que apresentam resistência a pautas progressistas, com interesses na ruptura dos processos democráticos vislumbrando, na gestão da educação, por intermédio dos ADEs, uma estratégia de mercado para consolidação do alcance dos seus interesses lucrativos.
Scale-up in the synthesis of nanoparticles for encapsulation of agroindustrial active principles
Authors: Duarte Dirliane Santos , Nascimento José Augusto de Almeida , Britto Douglas de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Given the potentiality of nanoparticles (NP) to load substances as active principle of drugs, cosmetics and food, there is interest in increasing its production. Particularly in the agroindustrial area, the byproducts are source of functional compounds that must be stabilized by encapsulation, for example, to allow its application. Considering the amount of generated byproducts, it is necessary to understand the encapsulation synthesis in a high scale dimension. In this way, the active compounds vitamin C (from the byproduct of the acerola processing) and polyphenols (from the byproduct of grape processing) were nanoencapsulated into chitosan NP at three reactional volumes: 0.1; 1.0 and 10.0 dm3. The NP were characterized for yield, particle size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and release profile. In general, the increase in scale did not influence these parameters. It is found a close similarity for NP size value between the 0.1 and 10.0 dm3 reactional volumes. For example, for the blank control, the size was 155±6 and 227±118 nm respectively for 0.1 and 10.0 dm3 reactional volumes. Similarly for the encapsulated acerola byproduct extract (373±44 and 400±83 nm) and ascorbic acid (279±29 and 217±29 nm). For the encapsulated skin grape extract, the size decreased sharply from 1040 to 308 nm. The yield per volume ratio was about 1.3 mg cm-3. Additional analysis for NP with encapsulated skin grape extract, by Scanning Electronic Microscopy, showed uniformly distributed spherical structures and the release profile was similar for all reactional volumes. Thus, the system is suitable for scale-up for NP production.
Fatores associados a acidentes de trânsito entre condutores de veículos: achados de um estudo de base populacional
Authors: Rios Polianna Alves Andrade , Mota Eduardo Luiz Andrade , Ferreira Luciano Nery , Cardoso Jefferson Paixão , Ribeiro Vivian Mara , Souza Bruna Silva de
Published: March 2020

Resumo O estudo teve por objetivo identificar fatores associados ao envolvimento em acidentes de trânsito (AT) entre condutores de veículos. Para isso, realizou-se inquérito domiciliar na cidade de Jequié, Bahia, em 2013, com 1.406 condutores. Elaborou-se um modelo conceitual hierarquizado composto por quatro blocos de fatores de exposição, considerando as relações proximais-distais entre estes e o desfecho. Foi empregado modelo de regressão logística multinível para as estimativas de Razão de Chances (RC) e Intervalos de Confiança a 95% (IC95%). Observou-se maior chance de AT entre condutores de 15 a 29 anos (RC=3,15; IC95% 1,24-8,02); de cor da pele preta ou parda (RC=1,56; IC95% 1,03-2,35); motociclistas (RC=1,73; IC95% 1,15-2,60); com antecedentes de multa no trânsito (RC=1,75; IC95% 1,04-2,94); que referiram beber e dirigir (RC=1,68; IC95% 1,12-2,53) e usar telefone celular durante a condução (RC=1,63; IC95% 1,09-2,43). Os fatores proximais modificaram as medidas de associação das exposições dos níveis superiores do modelo hierarquizado, principalmente da variável sexo. Os resultados enfatizam os fatores comportamentais e ratificam o potencial de prevenção dos AT, em virtude da ocorrência de condições evitáveis associadas ao desfecho.
Dificuldade funcional em idosos brasileiros: um estudo com base na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS - 2013)
Authors: Zanesco Camila , Bordin Danielle , Santos Celso Bilynkievycz dos , Fadel Cristina Berger
Published: March 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se, por meio do estudo da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, conhecer os fatores que apresentam alto grau de associação com quadros de dificuldade funcional em idosos. Estudo transversal, quantitativo, a amostra constituiu-se das respostas dos indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais (n = 23.815). Foram consideradas duas variáveis dependentes, sendo: Atividade Básica de Vida Diária e Atividade Instrumental de Vida Diária, e 42 variáveis independentes, relacionadas a questões sociodemográficas, saúde geral, saúde bucal e uso de serviços de saúde. Para a análise, utilizou-se o software Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis. Realizou-se o balanceamento do conjunto de dados, teste de redução de dimensionalidade, por meio da validação cruzada de 10 Fold, e ao final, as variáveis relacionadas com as variáveis dependentes foram avaliadas através da regressão logística. Oito variáveis apresentaram forte associação com quadros de dificuldade funcional em idosos, relacionadas a aspectos físicos, fatores intrínsecos, relações sociais, alfabetização e uso de serviços de saúde. Os resultados alcançados permitem o fortalecimento do planejamento e da execução de estratégias em saúde pública, direcionadas à população idosa, evitando ou minimizando situações de dificuldade funcional.
Intenção de amamentar entre gestantes: associação com trabalho, fumo e experiência prévia de amamentação
Authors: Fernandes Renata Cordeiro , Höfelmann Doroteia Aparecida
Published: March 2020

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a prevalência de intenção de amamentar (IA) por tempo insuficiente (inferior a 6 meses) ou prolongado (24 meses ou mais) e investigar sua associação com variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas, comportamentais relacionadas à saúde, antecedentes obstétricos e experiência prévia com amamentação entre gestantes. Estudo transversal com gestantes em acompanhamento pré-natal em 17 unidades da Estratégia Saúde da Família, em Colombo (PR). Análises de regressão logística multinomial brutas e ajustadas foram empregadas para identificar associações entre IA e variáveis de exposição. Dentre as gestantes participantes da pesquisa (n = 316), 99,1% relataram IA. O tempo médio de IA foi de 13,5 meses. A IA por tempo insuficiente e prolongado foi referida por 9,8% e 22,0% das gestantes, respectivamente. Apresentaram maiores chances de IA por tempo insuficiente aquelas que não possuíam companheiro (OR 3,23, IC95% 1,31; 7,94), que exerciam trabalho remunerado (OR 5,56, IC95% 2,10; 14,71) e que eram fumantes (OR 7,79, IC95% 2,35; 25,81). A IA prolongada foi mais frequente entre as gestantes com experiência prévia em amamentação prolongada (OR 3,05, IC95% de 1,02; 9,03). Por fim, identifica-se que os fatores associados à IA subsidiam ações voltadas para os grupos vulneráveis com vistas à promoção da prática do aleitamento materno.
Os Vínculos Organizacionais na Percepção de Gestores: Comprometimento, Entrincheiramento e Consentimento
Authors: Tomazzoni Gean Carlos , Costa Vânia Medianeira Flores , Antonello Claudia Simone , Rodrigues Maria Beatriz
Published: March 2020

RESUMO Objetivo o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção sobre os vínculos de comprometimento, entrincheiramento e consentimento do trabalhador com a organização, explorando seus fatores distintivos e seus significados para gestores. Método a pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa foi realizada com gestores de empresas do setor varejista, localizadas em shopping centers. Os dados foram coletados por meio da realização de dez entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados com base na técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados este trabalho empírico aponta que as percepções dos gestores não só sustentam a delimitação conceitual dos modelos de comprometimento à sua base afetiva, mas também revelaram a saliência diferencial de outros vínculos organizacionais, como o entrincheiramento e o consentimento. Os dados reforçam que os vínculos apresentam noções diferentes, que se operacionalizam em atitudes também distintas do indivíduo no trabalho. Conclusão esses achados permitem compreender os possíveis influenciadores contextuais sobre o gerenciamento dos diferentes vínculos organizacionais, bem como seus resultados e impactos no desempenho do indivíduo no trabalho. Classificação JEL: D23, J53, L8.
Super-hydrophobic magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC): from structural control to self-cleaning property evaluation
Authors: Qu Z. Y. , Wang Fazhou , Liu Peng , Yu Q. L. , Brouwers H. J. H.
Published: March 2020

In this paper, magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC), which has a needle-like structure, is upgraded with super-hydrophobic surface using a facile method involving immersion in a FAS-ethanol solution. The influence of the molar ratios of the raw materials on the super-hydrophobic property was investigated. The phase compositions, microstructure, compressive strength, water resistance and wetting behaviour are studied in detail by X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, a water contact angle measurement instrument, and mechanical testing. The water contact angle of as-prepared MOC reaches 152 ± 1° for the optimal mix design. The variation of the water contact angle of different mixes can be explained by the Cassie–Baxter model. The experiments using rolling off dust on the super hydrophobic surface present excellent self-cleaning ability. Moreover, proposed super hydrophobic surface exhibited excellent UV-durability, indicating a promising potential for the outdoor application.
Correlation between concrete cracks and corrosion characteristics of steel reinforcement in pre-cracked plain and fibre-reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Chen E. , Berrocal Carlos G. , Löfgren Ingemar , Lundgren Karin
Published: March 2020

This paper presents results on corrosion characteristics of 66 rebars extracted from un- and pre-cracked plain concrete and fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) beams suffering from corrosion for more than 3 years. The influences of fibre reinforcement, flexural cracks, corrosion-induced cracks and loading condition on the maximum local corrosion level (defined as the maximum cross-sectional area loss percentage) and pit morphology were examined. With 3D-scanning, the corrosion characteristics were analysed, and pit types were classified based on the maximum local corrosion level and geometric parameters of pits. Corrosion pits were observed near some flexural cracks, while the bars at other cracks were free from corrosion. Most rebars in FRC had less maximum local corrosion level than those in plain concrete under the same loading condition and maximum flexural crack width. However, the maximum local corrosion level was not dependent on the maximum flexural crack width (0.1 and 0.4 mm). Longitudinal cracks (corrosion-induced cracks) aggravated the total steel loss and changed the pit morphology by promoting the pit length development. However, longitudinal cracks did not always form, even with severe pitting corrosion. A hypothesis about the time-dependent interplay between transverse and longitudinal cracks and corrosion development was proposed. Further studies on predicting the pitting corrosion evolution and experimental work on specimens exposed for longer periods are needed to understand and quantify the long-term durability of concrete structures reinforced with both conventional reinforcing bars and fibres.
Remediation of acid mine drainage with recycled concrete aggregates and fly ash
Authors: Mahedi Masrur , Dayioglu Asli Y , Cetin Bora , Jones Stephanie
Published: March 2020

A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and off-specification fly ash (FA) in remediating acid mine drainage (AMD). The pH and AMD concentrations of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) were assessed. The effects of RCA particle size on pH and AMD metal concentrations were also investigated. Results showed that RCAs were effective in neutralising the acidic pH and lowering the AMD concentrations of iron, chromium, copper and zinc. The concentrations of calcium increased, but magnesium and manganese concentrations varied in the treatment process. FA acted as an additional source of metals and increased the concentrations of iron, copper and manganese significantly. Finer RCA particles were the most effective in raising the pH and reducing the AMD concentrations of magnesium, manganese and zinc. The concentrations of calcium, iron, chromium and copper remained unaffected by the RCA particle size. In addition, geochemical modelling indicated that sorption was the leaching controlling mechanism in untreated and FA-treated AMD, whereas it was solubility-controlled leaching in RCA-treated AMD. Finally, the research reported in this study suggests the use of RCA as an effective alternative to the conventional treatment methods for AMD remediation.
Model tests on drainage of pipes wrapped with woven and nonwoven geotextiles
Authors: Liu S. , Wang Y. , Feng D.
Published: March 2020

Drainage through pipes plays an important role in tailings pond projects. Reductions in drainage capacity and even clogging of drainage pipes are common issues, especially in tailings projects. To address these clogging issues, a drainage pipe with a replaceable porous-foam filter core (referred to as DPRF) is proposed. This paper studied the drainage characteristics of DPRF wrapped with a woven geotextile and traditional drainage pipes wrapped with a nonwoven geotextile (referred to as DPNG) in fine tailings sands with a reduced scale model test. The results showed that the woven and nonwoven geotextiles could successfully retain fine tailings sand; however, the woven geotextile easily clogged as the experiment progressed. For the DPRF wrapped with a woven geotextile, the larger the aperture of the woven geotextile, the higher the drainage rate of the pipe. The average drainage rate of the DPNG was larger than that of the DPRF wrapped with the woven geotextile. It can thus be inferred that the DPRF wrapped with the woven geotextile is not a good solution to prevent physical clogging. Alternatively, it is suggested that the DPRF wrapped with the nonwoven geotextile can be used to alleviate chemical clogging problems.
Luz, Câmera, Ação: Notas Sobre as Atuações Performáticas da Mulher Policial Sob o Olhar dos Meios de Comunicação
Authors: Da Silva Daniele Andrade
Published: March 2020

Reduto tradicionalmente masculino, a instituição policial fora paulatinamente recebendo mulheres em seus quadros profissionais. Ao longo das últimas duas décadas, a figura da mulher policial ganha cada vez mais espaço nos meios de comunicação. Ajudando a recompor a imagem da instituição policial, a entrada de mulheres parece assumir tanto padrões discursivos quanto estéticos dentro e fora das polícias. A fim de verificar como mulheres policiais se representam e são representadas pela grande mídia, o presente estudo analisou reportagens de jornais e revistas de grande circulação e reconhecimento onde a figura central eram as mulheres policiais, especialmente as que exerciam cargos de maior prestígio em suas instituições. Verificou-se limites e possibilidades de atuações performáticas de mulheres policiais, que ora foram retratadas a partir de atributos recorrentemente associados à naturalização do feminino, tal como bondade, doçura e sensibilidade, ora retratadas com belas, sensuais e poderosas. Performando diferentes femininos, ora subvertendo, ora reafirmando certas prescrições de gênero, as mulheres policiais ajudam a compor a complexidade de si e de seu espaço de atuação.
Aprendizagem das Competências Gerais na Graduação em Psicologia
Authors: Silva Lívia Teixeira Costa , Chagas Luana Valeria de Souza , De Morais Edna Pereira Gomes , Santos Layse Veloso de Amorim
Published: March 2020

As competências e habilidades gerais previstas nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os cursos de graduação em Psicologia são a base para a atuação deste profissional. Tornando relevante conhecer se ocorre o esperado desenvolvimento delas durante o curso. As DCN norteiam a formação pautada no “ensino das competências”. E o psicólogo deve se relacionar com a realidade através das habilidades e competências desenvolvidas na formação. O estudo teve como objetivo verificar a presença das competências e habilidades gerais, previstas nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos Cursos de graduação em Psicologia, em graduandos do décimo período. Sendo do formato descritivo, transversal e quantitativo. A amostra incluiu alunos do 10º período e os professores que na ocasião ministravam aula para eles. A pesquisa consistiu de três etapas: questionário de autopercepção e teste psicológico IFP-II para os discentes, e questionário de percepção para os docentes. Os dados coletados evidenciaram que para a maioria da amostra investigada, na ocasião da coleta, das seis competências e habilidades gerais previstas pelas DCN, cinco não foram desenvolvidas durante a graduação, sendo que apenas a competência para Educação Permanente possivelmente está presente na maior parcela dos discentes. O presente estudo forneceu informações relevantes para a reflexão do processo ensino-aprendizagem como modificador de comportamentos e como desenvolvedor de competências essenciais para a atuação do psicólogo. Com a importância do desenvolvimento de competências na formação do psicólogo, espera-se que os resultados do estudo, subsidiem futuras melhorias no processo ensino-aprendizagem.
Synergy and Universality as New Approaches to Training in the Field of Media Law
Authors: Timofeev Alexey
Published: March 2020

The review is a response to the textbook Legal Regulation of Mass Media for undergraduate students of journalism faculties. Professor I. Pankeev examines the legislation on the media, the rights and duties of journalists, the protection of intellectual property rights to the content journalists create, state regulation in the media and much more. The textbook is relevant as it takes into account the trends of legal regulation of the media in 2017–2018, it is also fundamental as it combines information from different areas of law, which is extremely rare, and the textbook is universal: for many reasons, it will be practically useful not only for university students, but also for the media editorial staff, specialists in the field of media communication and scientists studying the state regulation of the media.
The Coverage of the Policy of the German Chancellor in the Conditions of the Migration Crisis of 2013-2018 in the Materials of the Magazine "Der Spiegel"
Authors: Voronenkova Galina , Islanova Julia
Published: March 2020

Starting from 2013, the authors of “Der Spiegel” have been actively criticizing the policy of the Chancellor Merkel for inaction in the conditions of an increasing number of migrants from Middle Eastern countries. At the same time, the main opponents of the Chancellor were also criticized for their trying to pull away from the increasing migration problem and to absolve themselves of responsibility for migrants rushing deep into Europe, recalling the terms of the Dublin Regulation. The situation changed in 2015 when Angela Merkel not only recognized the ongoing crisis, but opened the borders of Germany for hundreds of thousands of illegal migrants. Unlike Merkel`s political opponents and even many party fellows, “Der Spiegel” supported the Chancellor for her readiness to jeopardize her political career to save European humanistic values. However, it soon became obvious that the Chancellor`s magnanimity wasn`t based on a precise plan for integration. Despite the authors of “Der Spiegel” who like Merkel considered Germany to be the heart of human and hospitable Europe, the center of tolerance, they had to admit that the uncontrolled stream of refugees turned to be a serious threat for the economy, social peace and national security. In 2017, it became obvious that Merkel changed the direction of her migration policy for a more pragmatic one aimed to control the illegal migration, to limit the migration stream from Middle Eastern countries, to develop the system of revealing and deporting illegal migrants. “Der Spiegel” regarded this as her readiness to change her own position according to the political circumstances in favor of the political rating. This led to disappointment and a new wave of criticism.