bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERNAL EXPERT COMMUNITY AS A DRIVER OF CORPORATE INNOVATION IN THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM OF AN INDUSTRIAL COMPANY
Authors:   Moscow automobile and road construction state technical university (MADI), Alexandrova Irina E. , Afanasyev Vladimir V. ,   Moscow automobile and road construction state technical university (MADI),   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Vrazhnova Marina N. ,   Moscow automobile and road construction state technical university (MADI), Omarovа Zarema K. ,   Market Economy Institute of RAS
Published: January 2021

Subject/ topic. The article discusses the formation of effective mechanisms for the development of an internal expert community; The problems and causes of the slowdown in corporate innovation are analyzed from the standpoint of assessing the quality of the organizational effectiveness of a company, the success of the knowledge management system of an industrial company, and solving the problems of ensuring its competitive advantages. Goals / objectives. The purpose of this study is to justify and develop a conceptual model of an internal corporate expert community; to conduct a brief review of knowledge management tools used for the managed development of the internal corporate expert community; in identifying the key causes of failures in the formation of an internal corporate expert community. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the fundamental works of foreign and domestic scientists and economists in the field of knowledge management. General scientific research methods (abstract-logical, economic-statistical, and other methods) were used, as well as open analytical materials in the field of knowledge management of industrial companies, modeling mechanisms for the formation and development of an internal corporate expert community. Results. A variant of the classification of intra-corporate communities is proposed; the conceptual model of an internal corporate expert community is presented; the range of priority tasks is formulated and the reasons for failures in the formation of the internal corporate expert community are identified. Conclusions / relevance. In essence, the internal expert community can act as a driver of positive corporate changes, subject to the controlled development of this community, when priorities are clearly set — people (70%), processes (20%) and technology (10%). The main attention is paid to the formation of culture, values, ensuring involvement, commitment of experts, formalization of community processes, direct development of corporate infrastructure in the strategic development system of an industrial company.
Comparison of point cloud filtering methods with data acquired by photogrammetric method and RGB-D sensors
Authors: GÜNEN Mehmet Akif , BEŞDOK Erkan
Published: January 2021

Point clouds (PCs) are inevitable sources to generate digital solid model-based applications such as reverse engineering, differential 3D modelling, 3D sensing and modelling of environments, scene reconstruction, augmented reality. Photogrammetric methods, Terrestrial Laser Scanners and RGB-D sensors are relatively common among the technologies used to capture PCs. Because of their structural characteristics, measuring systems produce large amounts of noise that cannot be precisely predicted in type and amplitude. Due to the noisy measurements, the spatial orientations of the differential surface particles and the spatial locations of the corner points have a certain degree of deformation. In order to increase visual, spatial and physical quality of the solid model, which is frequently used in reverse engineering, PCs must be filtered to discard noise and outlier. In this paper PC produced from different methods was filtering with Shepard Inverse Distance Weighting method, Gaussian Filtering method, Single Value Decomposition Based Plane Fitting method and Optimization Based Plane Fitting method. Backtracking Search Optimization Algorithm (BSA) was used to fitting plane. Experimental results were compared visually and statistical according to the number of neighborhoods. The results showed that Backtracking Search Optimization based filtering supplied better noise smoothing results than its competitors.
Ensino de Ciências por investigação em Ciências Biológicas: revisão sistemática de literatura em artigos de periódicos nacionais classificados no Qualis
Authors: Lima Keila Padilha de Oliveira Camargo de , Pereira Paulo Antônio Cypriano , Lima João Paulo Camargo de
Published: January 2021

Este artigo refere-se a uma revisão sistemática de literatura e tem como objetivo identificar as principais temáticas da abordagem em Ensino de Ciências por Investigação (EI) nos artigos Qualis A1 e A2 nacionais dos últimos anos. O levantamento considerou os artigos publicados no período de 2015 a 2019. Para a organização e análise do corpus realizou-se três movimentos específicos. O primeiro movimento buscou organizar, categorizar e analisar os 39 artigos. O segundo movimento analisou os artigos da área de Biologia. O terceiro movimento analisou as temáticas encontradas na área de Biologia. A partir dos procedimentos foi possível identificar as principais áreas de conhecimento categorizados como Biologia; Química; Física; Multidisciplinar e Reflexões/fundamentos teórico-metodológicos, bem como, temáticas associadas a essas áreas. As principais temáticas encontradas nos diversos artigos são: Atividades experimentais; Formação de professores; Sequências didáticas investigativas. Em se tratando dos artigos específicos da área de Biologia, as principais temáticas evidenciadas referem-se a Sequências didáticas investigativas; Atividades investigativas e Argumentação. Para os artigos com foco na área de Biologia foi possível uma caracterização a partir das Propostas de estudo; Conceito e/ou definição de EI apresentada no artigo; Conceitos e temáticas relacionadas a EI; Aspectos metodológicos utilizados e Principais resultados apresentados.
Kaleme sarılan bir kadın: Anna Weamys ve A Continuation of Sir Philip Sidney’s Arcadia
Authors: AYDOĞDU ÇELİK Merve
Published: January 2021

A popular romance by a popular courtier, Sir Philip Sidney’s Arcadia was the best-selling prose fiction of the 1590s England. Sidney wrote the Old Arcadia, which consisted of five books, earlier than the New Arcadia. In the New Arcadia, a revision of the Old Arcadia, which was composed of three books, he followed the original plotline while he also added new episodes and reshaped some narratives. The product of an arduous work, it broke off mid-sentence due to Sidney’s untimely death in 1586. This incomplete text was published in 1590. In the posthumously published 1593 Arcadia, a merger of the Old Arcadia and the New Arcadia, Sidney invited the reader to continue his text (the original ending of the older version). Even though he used the male personal pronoun to address his successors, Anna Weamys was the only woman to take up the challenge. Writing at a time when female romance reading and writing were frowned upon by the patriarchal culture and authorship was predominantly considered to be a male activity, Weamys not only interpreted the narrative threads Sidney left unfinished from a female point of view but she also produced her own independent work. Within this framework, taking into consideration the question “Is a pen a metaphorical penis?” Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar pose, and the cultural understanding of romance and women’s preoccupation with the genre in the seventeenth century, this paper examines how Weamys shatters the hegemony of Sidney in A Continuation of Sir Philip Sidney’s Arcadia (1651) in order to establish her literary authority as a female author.  
Psycho-social Factors as Predictors of Disabled Students’ Academic Achievement in General Studies at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Famolu Florence Bosede
Published: January 2021

For the Nigerian government to achieve a united, strong, and self-reliant nation, some variables like the socio-economic status of the parents, costly textbooks, the problem of feeding allowances for students, the low motivation of teachers due to low salaries, expensive tuition fees, the unemployment of qualified subject teachers, the lack of teaching aids, insecurity, and so on needs to be considered. Above all, psycho-social variables on the part of the students equally needs to be considered. In line with this, the researcher deemed it fit to investigate psycho-social factors as predictors of disabled students’ academic achievement in General studies at the University of Ilorin. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population for this study was all disabled University of Ilorin undergraduates. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Demographic characteristics of the respondents were described using percentages and the research question generated was answered using mean and rank order. All of the hypotheses formulated for this study were tested using the Mean, Standard Deviation, t-value and ANOVA. The hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of this study revealed that there were no significant differences in the influence of psycho-social factors on disabled students’ achievement in General Studies on the basis of gender. In addition, findings revealed that there was no significant difference in the influence of psycho-social factors on disabled students’ achievement in General Studies on the basis of age. It was also found that there was no significant difference in the influence of psycho-social factors on disabled students’ achievement in General Studies on the basis of educational level. Furthermore, findings revealed that there was no significant difference in the influence of psycho-social factors on disabled students’ achievement in General Studies on the basis of the mode of entry. Hence, it was recommended that counselling units in the university should be made more accessible and friendly to disabled students so that they can easily visit the centre for guidance. With regard to their physiological, psychological and social development, more publicity is needed to create awareness for the stakeholders. Government and school management should ensure harmonious relationships for every disabled student regardless of their level or class. Students should not see age as a barrier for interacting with their colleagues.
Topology of directional convexity
Authors: Naidenko V. G.
Published: January 2021

Herein, we have proven a Fink – Wood conjecture that if Oʹ is the closure of some orientation set O, then a set is a directed O-halfspace if and only if it is a directed Oʹ-halfspace.
The geometry of a bilayer nanoscroll rolled from zigzag nanoribbons of graphene and boron nitride
Authors: Poklonski N. A. , Siahlo A. I. , Vyrko S. A. , Ratkevich S. V. , Vlassov A. T. , Lozovik Yu. E. , Hieu Nguyen Ngoc
Published: January 2021

Herein, an algorithm is proposed for calculating the Cartesian coordinates of a bilayer nanoscroll rolled from a zigzag graphene nanoribbon (nzGNR) and a commensurate boron nitride nanoribbon (nzBNNR) into two Archimedean spirals. The distance between the layers and the inner radius of the nanoscroll, the length and width of nzGNR, and the length of the chemical bond between the atoms in the ribbon are the parameters used in the algorithm. It is assumed that these parameters are equal both for nzGNR and nzBNNR.
Modern methods of calculations of bremsstrahlung in the interaction of elementary particles
Authors: Shershan I. A. , Shishkina T. V.
Published: January 2021

. The problem of real bremsstrahlung calculation is considered using the modern methods of regularization of divergencies. In particular, we calculate soft photon bremsstrahlung in the most general form using the method of dimensional regularization of infrared divergences. The general calculation algorithm of hard photon bremsstrahlung is described. It is shown that the contribution of hard bremsstrahlung can be separated into the finite and divergent parts. The divergent part can be factorized with the contribution of the initial process in the Born approximation. It is shown that a good choice of kinematic variables makes an analytic covariant calculation of the divergent part of the hard bremsstrahlung possible. In a particular case, an algorithm for determining the kinematic constraints on the invariants is described. A numerical analysis of the radiative corrections for gauge bosons production processes in the case of electron-photon collisions is performed. It is discovered that the contribution of the finite part of bremsstrahlung at high collision energies reaches 20 per cent and must be taken into account in calculations of radiative corrections. The results obtained can be used in various calculations, including covariant ones, performed in the context of confirmation of the Standard Model theoretical predictions or searching for manifestations of alternative gauge models.
Local vibrational modes of vacancy-oxygen-related complexes at room temperature
Authors: Tolkacheva E. A. , Markevich V. P. , Murin L. I.
Published: January 2021

The isotopic content of natural silicon (28Si (92.23 %), 29Si (4.68 %) и 30Si (3.09 %)) affects noticeably the shape of IR absorption bands related to the oxygen impurity atoms. In the present work an attempt is undertaken to determine the positions of local vibrational modes (LVMs), related to quasimolecules 28Si16OS29Si and 28Si16OS30Si (OS – substitutional oxygen atom), for the absorption spectra measured at room temperature. An estimation of the isotopic shifts of corresponding modes is done by fitting the shape of the experimentally measured absorption band related to the vacancy–oxygen center in irradiated Si crystals. The LVM isotope shifts are found to be equal 2,2 ± 0.25 cm–1 for 28Si-16OS29Si and 4,3 ± 0,9 см–1 for 28Si-16OS30Si in relation to the basic band due to 28Si-16OS28Si, and the full width at half maximum of the A-center absorption band (28Si-16OS28Si) is 5,3 ± 0.25 cm–1. By means of infrared absorption spectroscopy a clear correlation between the disappearance of the divacancy (V2) in the temperature range 200–275 ºС and appearance of two absorption bands with their maxima at 825.8 and 839.2 cm–1 in irradiated oxygen-rich Si crystals is found. The band positioned at 825.8 cm–1 is assigned to a divacancy-oxygen defect V2O formed via an interaction of mobile V2 with interstitial oxygen (Oi ) atoms. The 839.2 cm–1 band is much more pronounced in neutron irradiated samples as compared to samples irradiated with electrons. We argue that it is related to a trivacancy–oxygen defect (V3O) formed via an interaction of mobile V3 with Oi atoms.
Molecular genetic polymorphism of American mink populations (Neovison vison) in model fur farms and on the adjacent territories in Belarus
Authors: Valnisty A. A. , Homel K. V. , Kheidorova E. E. , Shpak A. V. , Nikiforov M. E.
Published: January 2021

American mink (Neovison vison) is both a problematic invader and an economically valuable fur breed species in Belarus. The increasing scale of mink breeding for fur and the growing impact of this invasive species on the local ecosystems requires sound, novel strategies for managing both farm and wild populations. Containment of wild American mink populations under the effects of possible migration from the fur farms could be especially problematic. With that issue in mind, we have used microsatellite analysis todetermine the genetic polymorphism in two color breeds of farm-bred American mink in the populations of several Belorussian model fur farms, as well as the same characteristics for the feral populations on the territories adjacent to said fur farms. We confirm the presence of effective influx of mink into the wild from fur farms, determined through the means of analyzing microsatellite genotype data of feral and farm populations.
Analysis of SlMYB12 gene polymorphism determining chalcone-naringenin biosynthesis in the skin of tomato fruits and its effect on the lycopene accumulation.
Authors: Babak O. G. , Ignatova S. I. , Golubkina N. A. , Nekrashevich N. A. , Anisimova N. V. , Nikitinskaya T. V. , Yatsevich K. K. , Kilchevsky A. V.
Published: January 2021

Efficiency in detecting of tomato forms with no chalcone-naringenin flavonoid in pink-fruited and yellow-fruited forms was evaluated using DNA markers for various polymorphisms of the SlMYB12 gene. The closest relationship between a phenotype with the transparent skin of fruits and a deletion in the promoter region of the SlMYB12 gene was shown. The highest efficiency in the detection of the recessive y allele of the regulatory SlMYB12 gene, leading to the chalcone-naringenin synthesis disruption and skin transparency, was established by a combination of markers MYB12-603delaF1/603del-aR6 (Myb-603del aF1/R6) and MYB12-603del-aF1/603del-aR5 (Myb12 aF1/R5). Fruit coloration peculiarities were shown depending on a combination of the structural alleles of a carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and SlMYB12 gene alleles. A combination of this y allele with the alleles of the gene of the lycopene-β-cyclase beta (b) and old gold crimson (ogc ) allows selecting pink and raspberry forms respectively. In tomato accessions with yellow and orange fruits, the y allele provides pale shades of the main coloration determined by carotenoid biosynthesis genes (yellow flesh (r), tangerine (t), Beta (B)). The presence of SNP T → C of the SlMYB12 gene (171476848 position of chromosome 1) was identified in 80 % of accessions with the transparent skin of fruits of the evaluated collection. The effect of the recessive y allele of the SlMYB12 gene on an increase in the lycopene concentration of tomato fruits in a combination with b, ogc alleles was shown. Using MAC methods by fruit quality genes, including the SlMYB12 gene, the cherry tomato variety Malinovyj koktel with a high lycopene accumulation was developed and included in the State Register
Specific features of n-decane vapors self-ignition in air at temperatures of 600–800 K
Authors: Leschevich V. V. , Penyazkov O. G. , Shimchenko S. Yu.
Published: January 2021

Experiments of n-decane/air self-ignition at the temperature range 600–800 K were carried out by rapid compression machine. It allowed obtaining temperature-concentration limits of transition from single-stage to two-stage ignition. High-speed video recording has let established that hot stage ignition always initiates near the piston surface or quartz window. These locations depend on gas temperature. Combustion of the test mixture occurs in the entire volume after that. Couple sequential photos of cool flame shows that it starts same near piston surface and has a complicated volumetric structure caused by the roll-up gas vortex. It is shown that partial n-decane pressure increasing during compression causes the non-equilibrium condensation process near the inner surfaces of combustion chamber. This leads to significant redistribution of n-decane concentration and determines local characteristics self-ignition of n-decane/air mixture.
Efficiency of fire extinguishing with general purpose fire extinguishing powder in case of non-stationary interaction of its particles with burning material
Authors: Kitsak A. I.
Published: January 2021

Evaluation of the effectiveness of fire extinguishing by jet systems of powder fire extinguishing in conditions of non-stationary heat exchange processes and heterogeneous inhibition of active flame centers by powder particles was the aim of the work. The theoretical dependence of the amount of heat, absorbed by the particles of fire extinguishing powder, and the reaction rate of heterogeneous active centers of flame, inhibiting them, in non-stationary conditions of heat transfer, as well as inhibition reaction for fire extinguishing ink jet systems were obtained. The extinguishing of a flame with a fire extinguishing powder under non-stationary conditions is more effective, the smaller is the effective size of the powder particles, the longer is their stay in the combustion zone, and the shorter are the characteristic times of heat transfer and inhibition reaction. Comparison of the estimates of the characteristic duration of heat transfer and inhibition reaction for widely used fire extinguishing powders has shown a large inertia of the thermal mechanism of fire extinguishing, which greatly reduces its effectiveness at high speeds of powder particles in the combustion zone.
Evaluation of the error of indirect measurements of physical-mechanical characteristics of materials by dynamic indentation method
Authors: Matsulevich O. V. , Kren A. P. , Pratasenia T. A. , Delendik M. N.
Published: January 2021

The metrological problems of measuring the physic and mechanical characteristics of materials by dynamic indentation are considered. It is shown that the estimation of measurement error demanding the creation of the reference blocks is ineffective due to the wide variety of controlled materials and a wide range of changes in their properties. A technique has been developed for evaluating the accuracy of measurements based on the errors of individual parameters included in the calculation equation, i.e. by determining the error of indirect measurements. The technique is based on the estimation of the boundaries of the random error of the measured characteristics of the material and the non-excluded systematic errors of the parameters that are used for the calculations of needed characteristics. The results of experimental studies are presented, indicating that due to the different character of the dependencies of hardness and elastic modulus, the error in measuring the elastic modulus exceeds the error in measuring hardness. In addition, it was found that the error in measuring the characteristics of materials by the dynamic indentation method exceeds the measurement error by the static indentation method and can be reduced by increasing the accuracy of the equipment used for the registration of impact process. The obtained values of the physic and mechanical characteristics of the materials and the values of the measurement error show that the dynamic indentation method can effectively solve the problem of non-destructive testing of hardness, elastic modulus, and strain hardening exponent of metals and products with an appropriate error.
4-year recurrence risk factors after tension-free vaginal tape-obturator as a treatment of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: De Miguel Manso S , García García E , Gobernado Tejedor JA , Badillo Bercebal CE , Viruega Cuaresma D , González Martín JI
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Tension-free vaginal tapes are the gold standard of the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI); however, long-term recurrence of SUI after this surgery has been a matter of problem. Here, we attempted to determine the incidence of its recurrence and to identify the risk factors of 4-year-recurrence of SUI after this surgery. Methods: Of all patients undergoing this surgery (n = 341, 2015-2019), 71 patients were met the study inclusion criteria. Of 71, SUI recurred in 8 patients, with the recurrence rate being 11.3%. The following three were identified to be independent risk factors: older age, history of delivery of macrosomic baby (>4 kg), and the presence of mixed urinary incontinence. The frequency of recurrence in cases with mixed incontinence amounted for 19.5%. Recurrence was 22 and 50% for women with macrosomic delivery once and more than twice, respectively. Conclusion: Advanced age, macrosomic delivery and mixed urinary incontinence have shown to be independent risk factors of recurrence of SUI after tension-free vaginal tape-obturator at 4 years. Key message: Stress urinary incontinence can recur so investigate possible risk factors is a priority. Our paper relates recurrence with: advanced age, fetal macrosomia and mixed incontinence.
Overview on current approach on recurrent miscarriage and threatened miscarriage
Authors: Ravneet Gulshan
Published: January 2021

Miscarriage is a frequent outcome of pregnancy, with major emotional implications to the couple experiencing such an event. Threatened miscarriage is the commonest complication of early pregnancy and affects about 20% of pregnancies. It presents with vaginal bleeding with or without abdominal cramps. On the other hand recurrent miscarriages are post implantation failures in natural conception. Increasing age of women, smoking, obesity or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and a previous history of miscarriage are risk factors for threatened miscarriage. The pathophysiology has been associated with changes in levels of cytokines or maternal immune dysfunction. Clinical history and examination, maternal serum biochemistry and ultrasound findings are important to determine the treatment options and provide valuable information for the prognosis. Many surgical and non-surgical interventions are used in the management of threatened and recurrent miscarriages. In this review, we present available evidence-based guidance on the incidence, pathophysiology, investigation and clinical management of recurrent miscarriage and threatened miscarriage, focusing mainly on the first trimester of pregnancy and primary healthcare settings. The review is structured to be clinically relevant. We have critically appraised the evidence to produce a concise answer for clinical practice.
Chronic endometritis in in vitro fertilization failure patients
Authors: Afaf T Elnashar , Mohamed Sabry
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Chronic endometritis (CE) is a common cause of infertility in asymptomatic patients and its diagnosis and treatments improved assisted reproduction technique outcome in most of the specialized centers. Diagnosis of CE in endometrial biopsy by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain is hard to identify chronic inflammatory cells from the stroma and the use of plasma cells-specific stains is helpful. Aim of the work: Evaluation of the use of CD138 in the identification of plasma cells in endometrial biopsy of patients with previous IVF trial failure. Material and methods: Hysteroscopic and curettage endometrial biopsies from fifty-five females with previous IVF trial failure were stained with H&E and CD138 immunostaining for detection of plasma cells. Results: Plasma cells were identified in 52.7% of cases by H&E and in 6/55 by CD138 immunostaining. CD138 is more sensitive in detecting plasma cells in endometrial biopsy than H&E stain. There was a significant statistical correlation between CE and abnormal uterine bleeding, abortion and primary infertility (p > 0.5). Conclusion: Diagnosis of CE is helpful in infertility patients with IVF trial failure to improve the outcome of the maneuver. CD138 is more sensitive for plasma cells specially in endometrial biopsies than H&E.
Common reproductive problem associated with one humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) in West Africa
Authors: Bello A , Bodinga HA
Published: January 2021

The problems of reproduction in the camel are not extensively investigated as in the bovine, caprine and ovine species. There is need to elucidate the problem in detailed in order to overcome the problem of production and genetic multiplication. The information collected on these problems is derived mainly from questioning the camel owners, slaughterhouse material and very limited clinical and farm observations.
Incidence and disease control of Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus
Authors: Mahmoud Hamdy Abd El-Aziz
Published: January 2021

Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZYMV) was first identified in northern Italy. It likes other species of the family Potyuiridue. ZYMV has been recorded in many countries since 1981. The efficient intercontinental spread of the virus can be explained by international trading of infected seeds. Since coat protein (CP) analysis has become a primary method for taxonomic assignment of potyviruses the aims were to characterize this genomic region of ZYMV originating from virus-infected cucurbitaceous seedlings. Virus infection in cucurbits is typically associated with mosaic symptoms on leaves and lumpy, distorted fruit. The range of symptoms produced by each virus can overlap and plants are commonly infected by more than one virus at once. The viruses are spread by many species of aphids moving through or within a crop. Control options include: destroying old cucurbit crops as soon as harvesting is completed destroying weeds and volunteer cucurbits, within and around crops as these harbor the viruses and/or the aphids separating new crops from maturing crops as these will have high levels of virus infection avoiding overlapping crops of cucurbits.
On properties of inner product type integral transformers
Authors:   Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya, Okelo Benard
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we give characterizations of certain properties of inner product type integral transformers. We first consider unitarily invariant norms and operator valued functions. We then give results on norm inequalities for inner product type integral transformers in terms of Landau inequality, Grüss inequality. Lastly, we explore some of the applications in quantum theory.
Comparative study of spark-optical emission spectroscopy and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of ferrous and non-ferrous alloys
Authors: Sumaira Nosheen  , Muhammad Nouman  , Farzana Habib  , Farzana Habib  , Badaruddin Soomro  , Bilal Waseem  , Mubashar Akram
Published: January 2021

Electrical spark-optical emission spectroscopy (OES) has been used for over 50 years for the direct analysis of alloys in the steel industry. This method has undergone continual improvement over time, but conventional OES can barely reach the new specification limits required for some critical steel alloys. As part of a continuous improvement process, instrument manufacturers, academic and industrial researchers are now showing a particular interest for x-ray spectroscopy (XRF) as an alternate and/or complementary approach for the analysis of steel alloys, mainly precious metals. In this work, by using the same optical mounting (i.e. same spectrometer model with the same spectral lines), we have directly compared the analytical performances of these two sources. By comparing the calculated concentrations obtained with these two sources using the same samples and the same standards, we show that in general the two sources give comparable quantitative results for major, minor and trace elements. The precision obtained with XRF is improved by a factor of two when compared to traditional spark Optical Emission Spectrometer. The results obtained in this work establish OES as a potential method for the quantitative analysis of steel alloys in different industries.
КИНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОКИСЛЕНИЯИ САМОВОСПЛАМЕНЕНИЯ ТРИЭТИЛАЛЮМИНИЯ В ВОЗДУХЕ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, Кузнецов Н. М. , Фролов С. М. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук,   Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»,   Федеральный научный центр Научно-исследовательский институт системных исследований РАН, Стороженко П. А. ,   ГНЦ РФ АО «Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химии и технологии элементоорганических соединений», Шамшин И. О. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук,   Федеральный научный центр Научно-исследовательский институт системных исследований РАН
Published: January 2021

Предложена модельная схема гетерогенного взаимодействия кислорода воздуха с микрокаплями горючего - триэтилалюминия Al(C2H5)3. Предполагается, что основной реакцией, ответственной за самовоспламенение стехиометрической смеси горючего с воздухом, является реакция внедрения молекул кислорода в молекулы горючего с последующим мономолекулярным распадом продукта внедрения и с выходом легких углеводородных радикалов в газовую фазу. Определена скорость выхода в зависимости от размера микрокапель и энергии активации константы скорости реакции внедрения. В газовой фазе радикалы взаимодействуют с кислородом, порождая другие последовательные и параллельные реакции, такие же как при газофазной кинетике окисления, воспламенения и горения легких алканов (метана, этана и бутана) и их производных. Кинетические схемы, соответствующие уравнения химической кинетики, алгоритмы и программы, описывающие подобные газофазные процессы, существуют, и их предполагается использовать в качестве подпрограмм применительно к вариантам численного решения задачи о кинетике самовоспламенения.
СТИМУЛИРОВАННОЕ ДИФФУЗИОННОЕ ГОРЕНИЕ ПОРОШКА МАГНИЯ В АТМОСФЕРЕ АЗОТА
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, Шмелев В. М. , Крупкин В. Г. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, Николаев В. М. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, Финяков С. В. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук
Published: January 2021

Рассматривается задача об организации устойчивого диффузионного горения порошка металла в атмосфере азота при давлениях до 100 атм путем использования промотирующей добавки. Показано, что при давлении выше некоторого критического возможно устойчивое горение порошка магния с размером частиц около 80 мкм при введении в него промотора в виде порошка нитроцеллюлозы (НЦ) в количестве от 2% до 10% по весу. Обнаружены различные режимы горения, и найдены зависимости скорости горения от диаметра образца и давления. Показано, что степень превращения магния в нитрид может превышать 60%.
ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ГОРЕНИЯ ТЕРМИЧЕСКИ СОПРЯЖЕННЫХ ГРАНУЛИРОВАННЫХ СМЕСЕЙ (NI + AL)-(TI + C)
Authors:   Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А. Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук, Сеплярский Б. С. , Кочетков Р. А. ,   Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А. Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук, Лисина Т. Г. ,   Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А. Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук, Абзалов Н. И. ,   Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А. Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук
Published: January 2021

Экспериментально исследованы термически сопряженные процессы самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС) в шихте, состоящей из смеси гранул Ni + Al и Ti + C, в отсутствие потока газа и в спутном потоке аргона и азота. Установлено, что воспламенение акцепторных гранул Ni + Al происходит во фронте горения, а значения скорости горения гранулированной смеси (Ni + Al)-(Ti + C) в потоке азота превышают значения, рассчитанные по теории фильтрационного горения. Объяснен аномально высокий прирост скорости горения изучаемой гранулированной смеси в области малых расходов азота, превышающий увеличение скорости горения смесей Ni + Al и Ti + C по отдельности при тех же значениях расхода. Измерено время выравнивания температур донорной и акцепторной смеси, которое оказалось существенно меньше времени остывания всего образца, а значит, определяется размерами гранул, а не образца. Таким образом, показано, что использование гранулированной шихты в термически сопряженных процессах открывает новые возможности для масштабирования синтеза, оптимизированного в лабораторных условиях, без изменения его характеристик и свойств целевого продукта синтеза. Установлено, что использование гранулированных смесей для проведения сопряженных термических реакций в потоке газа позволяет получать продукты горения в виде легкоразрушаемого образца. Показано, что выделение целевого продукта возможно, даже если температура плавления продукта взаимодействия акцепторной смеси меньше адиабатической температуры горения.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ СВОЙСТВ И ФАЗОВОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ГЕЛИЯ ПРИ ВЫСОКИХ ДАВЛЕНИЯХ МЕТОДАМИ ТЕРМО- И МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОЙ ДИНАМИКИ
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ», Богданова Ю. А. , Маклашова И. В. ,   Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ», Вагина У. Д. ,   Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ», Высоцкий В. А. ,   Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»
Published: January 2021

С помощью молекулярной динамики исследовалось применение парного межатомного потенциала взаимодействия Леннард-Джонса (ЛД) для гелия 4He с целью изучения его структуры, фазового состояния и теплофизических свойств. Определены и верифицированы параметры парного межатомного потенциала взаимодействия ЛД на основе экспериментальных данных. Показано, что найденные параметры потенциала достоверно воспроизводят свойства 4Не в широкой области изменения давления и температуры, включая области твердого, жидкого и газообразного гелия. Рассчитаны свойства4He вдоль изотерм для температур от 20 до 3000 К. Проанализирована структура и фазовое состояние 4Heпри повышенном давлении. Проведена оценка температуры плавления 4He. Определено, что существует стабильная кристаллическая объемно-центрированная кубическая фаза для 4He при температуре 300 К и давлении выше 16 ГПа.
النسوية الإسلامية: بحث في مسارات تأسيس نظرية معرفية اسلامية
Authors: كاطع أ.م.د.سناء كاظم
Published: January 2021

اذا ما كانت الفلسفة النسوية في سياق البحث النسوي تركز على كيفية إنتاج معرفة وثقافة بديلة عن المرأة  ، وتشكيل وعي جديد بأدوارها في مواجهة المفاهيم الخاطئة السائدة ، فأن طرح موضوع النسوية الإسلامية ، يتم تقديمه كموضوع فلسفي في مجال المعرفة الإنسانية لمناقشة كيفية إنتاج معرفة بديلة عن المعرفة التقليدية السائدة في المجتمعات الذكورية لاستعادة توازن القوة والسلطة في العلاقة بين الجنسين، لخلق دور نسوي فعال مناصر لقضايا المرأة والدفاع عنها. ولاجل تحقيق ذلك سعت النسوية الاسلامية الى تأسيس نظرية معرفية اسلامية لها.
التنافس الروسي – الأمريكي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط: تنازع النفوذ والأدوار: سوريا أنموذجاً
Authors: الانباري أ.م.د.احمد عبد الامير
Published: January 2021

تعد منطقة الشرق الأوسط بما تمتلكه من أهمية محل تنافس على النفوذ بين القوى العظمى والكبرى، ومن تلك القوى المتنافسة هي روسيا الاتحادية والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. والتنافس في سوريا منذ العام 2011 مثال واضح لهذا التنافس ومستوى التصعيد الذي رافقه في مواقف عدة، وهو تنافس حول كسب النفوذ والدور، كما انه واحد من المواضيع الأكثر أهمية في السياسة الدولية. وهذه الأهمية تأتي من أهمية الأطراف المتنافسة وأهمية المنطقة المتنافس عليها. بعد انتهاء الحرب الباردة حافظت الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية على مكانتها في النظام الدولي بل انفردت بالهيمنة على الشؤون الدولية بِعَدّها القطب الوحيد. أما روسيا فقد تمكنت من تجاوز التحديات التي تعرضت لها بِعَدّها وريثاً للاتحاد السوفيتي، وهي في مسعى دائم لاستعادة دورها الدولي ومكانتها في النظام الدولي كدولة عظمى. ومن جهة أخرى تأتي أهمية الموضوع من أهمية المنطقة التي تكون مصدراً للطاقة واحتياطاتها، فضلاً عن موقعها الجغرافي المهم
تأثير المتغيرات الدولية في مبدأ المواطنة في الدول العربية "الكويت أنموذجاً"
Authors: محمد بلاط د.شريفة فاضل
Published: January 2021

تأثر مبدأ المواطنة بالعديد من المتغيرات الدولية؛ كهيكل النظام الدولي، وسيطرة مفاهيم العولمة، كما أدت المنظمات الدولية دوراً مهماً في ترسيخ هذا المبدأ، خاصة عقب انتهاء مدة الحرب الباردة.
وتدور مشكلة الدراسة حول تأثير المتغيرات الدولية في تطبيق مبدأ المواطنة في الكويت خلال المدة 1991- 2018، ومدى تطبيقه من خلال استعمال عدة مؤشرات، مثل: سيادة القانون، تحقيق مبدأ الفصل بين السلطات، والحق في تكوين الأحزاب، وتطبيق قانون الجنسية، والتمييز العنصري (حالة البدون، وغير المسلمين، والشيعة)، وحقوق المرأة، وحرية التعبير.
ماليزيا ودول الشرق الأوسط رؤية نحو فهم العوامل المؤثرة في نمطية العلاقة
Authors: جلال أ.م.د.منذر محمد
Published: January 2021

ترتبط ماليزيا بدول الشرق الاوسط بعلاقة تاريخية حددتها جملة من العوامل والمحددات التي اثرت في تطورات تلك العلاقة ولا سيما سعيها الدؤؤوب للحفاظ على هويتها الاسلامية مع قيادة بقية العرقيات الاخرى ، يضاف لها تلك العوامل والمحددات الدولية التي اثرت وبشكل مباشر على نمطية هذه العلاقة ولعل الولايات المتحدة تقف في مقدمة من يمثل هذا المتغير الدولي كونها تعد منطقة الشرق الاوسط منطقة اساسية وضمن مجالها الحيوي وبالتالي فان اي علاقة تناظرية في مجال العلاقات الدولية ويكون احد اطرافها دول الشرق الاوسط نجد التاثير الامريكي حاضرا وبقوة وهو ما سيمثل البعد الثاني من الدراسة خصوصا في ظل ماشهدته هذه المنطقة من احداث ومتغيرات سياسية واقتصادية وامنية عاصفة بعد احداث الربيع العربي الذي قلب موازين السياسة والادوار في العديد من الدول المهمة في الاقليم .
البعد الثقافي في سياسة تركيا الخارجية تجاه إقليم جنوب القوقاز (اذربيجان أنموذجًا)
Authors: خلف م.د.محمود عبدالرحمن
Published: January 2021

إن الحفاظ على استقلال وسيادة دول إقليم جنوب القوقاز، وترسيخ الاستقرار السياسي والاقتصادي في المنطقة، ودعم التعاون الإقليمي، يمثلان العناصر الرئيسة للسياسة الخارجية التركية حيال الإقليم. وتعدّ منطقة جنوب القوقاز التي توجد بينها وبين تركيا روابط تاريخية وثقافية، بمثابة جسر يربط تركيا بآسيا الوسطى.
وأقامت تركيا فيما بعد علاقات متطورة مع أذربيجان وجورجيا. ولكن لم يتحقق الزخم نفسه على صعيد العلاقات مع أرمينيا بسبب الصراع القائم حول ناغورني كاراباغ والموقف السلبي الذي تتبناه أرمينيا حيال تركيا, بما يطلق عليه (مذبحة الأرمن) سنة 1915. حتى أن الحدود القائمة فيما بين البلدين أغلقت في عام 1993 بعدما احتلت أرمينيا منطقة كالباجار الأذرية.
إن العلاقات القائمة بين تركيا وأذربيجان، حققت تقدماً سريعاً في غضون السنوات الماضية حتى وصلت إلى مستوياتها الحالية. والزيارات المتبادلة المكثفة التي تجري بين تركيا وأذربيجان, هي إحدى النتائج التي تمخضت عن إقامة علاقات وثيقة بين  البلدين. حيث أقيم مجلس تعاون استراتيجي رفيع المستوى مع أذربيجان, من أجل تطور العلاقات على كافة الأصعدة, وخاصة العلاقات الثقافية بين البلدين, التي هي محور بحثنا هذا.
Peranan Bundo Kanduang Mengembangkan Wisata Halal Ekonomi Kreatif Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Tirtasari Tilatang Kamang
Authors: Rusyaida Rusyaida , Marh Noor Fadlli
Published: January 2021

Halal Tourism is becoming a new trend in the world and each destination strives to take advantage of this opportunity as a new step in tourism development. There are several tourist destinations that are managed by the community by involving all elements including women or “bundo kanduang”. The term Bundo Kanduang is a call to women according to the Minangkabau customary order, especially to mothers. Bundo kanduang who are successful in the nagari will be respected in adat, which take one step first, be exalted by one another, respected and respected by the people and the community in the village. This research is a field research with a qualitative approach. The informants of this study consisted of community leaders, Bundo Kanduang, and tourism actors. The purposive sampling was used so that the information obtained are in accordance with existing realities. The results showed that there was an important role of Bundo Kanduang in developing halal tourism relate to local wisdom that adheres to the principles and values of Islam in the Tirtasari area. Halal tourism is managed by the local government with the community, but the role of bundo is more dominant as a service and tourism actor .

Halal Tourism menjadi trend baru di dunia dan masing-masing destinasi berupaya kuat memanfaatkan peluang tersebut sebagai langkah baru dalam pengembangan wisata. Terdapat beberapa destinasi wisata yang dikelola masyarakat dengan melibatkan semua unsur termasuk  peran perempuan atau bundo kandung. Istilah Bundo Kanduang adalah panggilan kepada perempuan menurut tatanan adat Minangkabau khususnya kepada kaum ibu. Bundo kanduang yang sukses dalam nagari akan terpandang dalam adat, yang didahulukan selangkah dan ditinggikan seranting, disegani dan dihormati kaum dan masyarakat dalam nagari Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif.  Informan penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa orang tokoh masyarakat, bundo kanduang, dan beberapa orang pelaku wisata.  Pendekatan purposive sampling digunakan agar informasi dan data yang diperoleh sesuai dengan realita yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat  eksistensi peranan bundo kanduang  dalam  mengembangkan  wisata halal  sebagai wujud kearifan lokal yang berpegang teguh pada prinsip dan nilai Islam di daerah Tirtasari Tilatang Kamang. Wisata halal  dikelola oleh pemerintahan daerah setempat dengan masyarakat, namun peranan bundo kanduang lebih dominan sebagai pelayanan dan pelaku wisata  di destinasi wisata. Di antara peranan bundo kanduang yaitu penanggung jawab wahana permainan anak anak, penanggung jawab pakan ikan, pengelola kuliner khas daerah, penjual cinderamata, dan usaha home stay di rumah penduduk yang kosong.

 
Dari Konversi ke Resistensi: Strategi Kebertahanan Agama Lokal dalam Pusaran Pluralitas Terbatas
Authors: Harahap Apriliyani , Zaenuddin Zaenuddin
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the construction of defining religion in Indonesia which cannot be separated from the influence of the world religions paradigm. Indonesia is one of the countries that has implemented a religious management policy based on recognition, through Law no. 1/PNPS 1965 concerning the Prevention of Religious Abuse and/or Blasphemy. This research article focuses on examining how the patterns and strategies adopted by the adherents of local religions in Indonesia can exist in the middle of the vortex of recognition of official religions by the state. With the library research method analyzed using a content analysis approach, this article finds that the patterns and strategies used by adherents of local religions to maintain their existence are conversion or conversion, religious syncretism, and resistance, namely refuses to be affiliated with world religions. The various patterns and strategies that have emerged are the response of local religions to various state policies that co-opt their rights, especially civil rights in services and fulfillment of their needs, including civil registration, access to education, health facilities and facilities, to the registration of marriage.

 Artikel ini membahas tentang konstruksi pendefinisian agama di Indonesia yang tidak lepas dari pengaruh paradigma agama dunia. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang menerapkan kebijakan pengelolaan agama berdasarkan pengakuan, melalui UU No. 1/PNPS Tahun 1965 Tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan dan/atau Penodaan Agama. Riset artikel ini fokus untuk mengkaji bagaimana pola dan strategi yang diterapkan oleh para penganut agama Lokal di Indonesia agar dapat eksis di tengah pusaran pengakuan agama-agama resmi oleh negara. Dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi (content analysis), artikel ini menemukan bahwa pola dan strategi yang digunakan oleh penganut agama lokal dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya adalah dengan melakukan konversi atau pindah agama, sinkretisme agama, dan resistensi, yakni menolak untuk diafiliasikan dengan agama dunia. Ragam pola dan strategi yang mengemuka ini sebagai respon agama lokal terhadap berbagai kebijakan negara yang mengkooptasi hak-hak mereka, terutama hak-hak sipil dalam pelayanan dan pemenuhan kebutuhannya, baik pencatatan sipil, akses pendidikan, sarana dan fasilitas kesehatan, hingga pencatatan perkawinan.