bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors for Accurate and Accessible Uric Acid Detection
Authors: Shahzad Noor , Ajmal Rabia , Afzal Adeel
Published: September 2023

Gout arthritis, a painful condition characterized by the accumulation of uric acid (UA) crystals in the joints, necessitates the development of efficient and accessible diagnostic methods. In this study, we present the design and fabrication of non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors based on molecularly imprinted conducting polymer nanostructures for the selective detection and monitoring of UA. To overcome the limitations of current point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, we developed a disposable voltammetric sensor capable of selectively and accurately analyzing UA concentrations at room temperature and pH 7.4. The sensor utilizes a selective polythiophene layer, deposited on disposable screen-printed electrodes, for the reversible binding and recognition of UA. Extensive electrochemical measurements employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) demonstrate excellent UA sensing performance in the wider concentration range of 1–500 μM using a standard redox solution with 2.91 μA cm−2·μM−1 sensitivity, 354 nM detection limit, and substantial selectivity over common interferents. The sensor is capable of analyzing complex mixtures such as human saliva with 90.4% recovery of the spiked UA concentration. This highly sensitive and cost-efficient electrochemical sensor offers great promise for POC testing, disease monitoring, and predicting treatment outcomes related to gout arthritis.
Relationship between Copper(II)-Lactate Complexes and Cu2O Electrodeposited Using Highly Concentrated Alkaline Solutions
Authors: Miura Ryutaro , Yuasa Ryusuke , Shinagawa Tsutomu , Fukami Kazuhiro , Murase Kuniaki
Published: September 2023

The direct or indirect effects of two different copper(II)-lactate complex species, Cu(H–1L)L– and Cu(H–1L)2
2–, on the orientation and electrical properties of Cu2O electrodeposits were examined, where L– = CH3CH(OH)COO– and H–1L2– = CH3CH(O–)COO–. To investigate the relationships between the copper(II)-lactate complex species and several properties of Cu2O, a set of Cu2O layers was electrodeposited from thermodynamically well-stabilized electrolytes of different pHs with unified overpotentials. The Cu2O layers obtained at pH <9.5 had the 〈100〉 preferential orientation, whereas the orientation changed to the 〈111〉 preferential orientation at pH >9.5. In addition, marked differences were observed in the resistivity and carrier density of Cu2O layers bordering pH 9.5, indicating the presence of a strong relationship between copper(II)-lactate complexes and these crystallographic or electrical properties. In terms of the cathodic reactivity of copper(II)-lactate complexes and changes in local pH in the vicinity of the cathode upon electrodeposition, we suggest that the two copper(II)-lactate complexes directly affected the electrical properties of Cu2O and indirectly affected its crystallographic orientation.
A Systematic Review of Linear Programming Techniques as Applied to Diet Optimisation and Opportunities for Improvement
Authors: Donkor Leticia , Essien Emmanuel , Affrifah Nicole Sharon
Published: September 2023

Background. Food provides the required nutrients for adequate growth and development. However, meeting the recommended nutrients while considering environmental sustainability can be complicated and challenging. Previously, trial-and-error methods were used for product development, but these are tedious and time-consuming. Mathematical techniques such as linear programming offer an alternative and rapid approach to developing products with nutritional/or sustainability considerations. This method has been extensively used in diet optimisation but does not sufficiently address dietary problems with more than one objective function. Aim. The review aimed to explore the extent of mathematical approaches to address dietary problems. Methodology. A systematic review approach was adopted for the research. The major search engines used were Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct, based on selected keywords. A stepwise structural method was used to obtain articles. Articles that contained the search keywords but applied in nonhuman cases were excluded. Duplicated articles were also excluded and accounted for as one. All articles were subjected to further review based on their abstract and complete titles before passing them for data analysis. Results. The total number of articles obtained from the search activity was 280. Fifty-six were retained after the criteria for inclusion were applied to them. Out of the 56 articles retained, only two studies used goal programming and nonlinear generalised mathematical approaches to address dietary problems. All other studies used the linear programming approach, focusing mainly on one or two constraints (nutrients and/or acceptability), highlighting the limitations of linear programming in addressing the multiple factors of a sustainable diet. Several researchers have proposed using multiobjective optimisation, an extension of linear programming, to address challenges with sustainable diets. These approaches can be further explored to address sustainable dietary problems.
Ecological Network Analysis of the Water-Energy-Food Metabolic System Based on the MRIO Model: A Case Study for China’s Yangtze River Delta Region
Authors: Huang Yinwen , Huang Dechun , Li Jinqiu
Published: September 2023

Water, energy, and food are essential resources for social and economic development, which are highly interwoven in the urban metabolic processes. The 2011 Bonn conference first introduced the concept of water-energy-food (WEF) nexus to describe the interconnection of three resources. In this study, taking the Yangtze River Delta region as a case study, we proposed a hybrid framework to quantify WEF consumption based on an environmentally extended multiregional input-output model. Then, various ecological network analyses were adopted to explore system properties and sectoral interaction. The results indicate that embodied WEF consumption in interregional trade is highly interconnected, in which Jiangsu accounts for the largest proportion of hybrid energy network, while Anhui dominates the hybrid water network and the food network. The recycling rate in the water network (14.5%–20.8%) is lower than that in the energy network (16.7%–23.5%) and the food network (17.2%–23.9%). Predation and exploitation relationships are dominated between sectors, and the whole trade network stays in a low positive environment. The nexus impact on water networks is smaller than that on the energy networks. This analysis may help identify leverage points and feasible pathways of crossregional resources’ trade and provide insights for integrated resources management of the Yangtze River Delta region.
TABLE 6 from Blood Leukocyte AHRR Methylation and Risk of Non–smoking-associated Cancer: A Case-cohort Study of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Dahl Christina , Hvidtfeldt Ulla A. , Tjønneland Anne , Guldberg Per , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Published: September 2023

IRRs for NHL and 95% CI in association with LINE-1 methylation levels, stratified by years from baseline (blood draw) to diagnosis
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Druggable FOXA1-Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Axis Drives Tumor Growth in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dorso M. , Patel Payal T. , Pankov Aleksandr , Boyer Jacob A. , Soni Rajesh K. , Del Priore Isabella S. , Hayatt Omar , Kulick Amanda , Hagen Connor J. , de Stanchina Elisa , Junttila Melissa R. , Daemen Anneleen , Friedman Lori S. , Hendrickson Ronald C. , Chandarlapaty Sarat
Published: September 2023

Supplemental figure S3 data panels and legend accompanying main body figure 4. Supplementary figure S3 demonstrates that ORIC-101 does not inhibit the proliferation of GR independent and GR- NSCLC models. ORIC-101 treatment leads to GR nuclear translocation, binding to FOXA1-GR target genes, and induction of apoptosis. Finally, ORIC-101 is efficacious at doses tolerable to mice and leads to inhibition of FOXA1-GR targets in vivo.
Data from A Druggable FOXA1-Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Axis Drives Tumor Growth in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dorso M. , Patel Payal T. , Pankov Aleksandr , Boyer Jacob A. , Soni Rajesh K. , Del Priore Isabella S. , Hayatt Omar , Kulick Amanda , Hagen Connor J. , de Stanchina Elisa , Junttila Melissa R. , Daemen Anneleen , Friedman Lori S. , Hendrickson Ronald C. , Chandarlapaty Sarat
Published: September 2023

The FOXA1 pioneer factor is an essential mediator of steroid receptor function in multiple hormone-dependent cancers, including breast and prostate cancers, enabling nuclear receptors such as estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) to activate lineage-specific growth programs. FOXA1 is also highly expressed in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but whether and how it regulates tumor growth in this context is not known. Analyzing data from loss-of-function screens, we identified a subset of NSCLC tumor lines where proliferation is FOXA1 dependent. Using rapid immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry of endogenous protein, we identified chromatin-localized interactions between FOXA1 and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in these tumor cells. Knockdown of GR inhibited proliferation of FOXA1-dependent, but not FOXA1-independent NSCLC cells. In these FOXA1-dependent models, FOXA1 and GR cooperate to regulate gene targets involved in EGF signaling and G1–S cell-cycle progression. To investigate the therapeutic potential for targeting this complex, we examined the effects of highly selective inhibitors of the GR ligand-binding pocket and found that GR antagonism with ORIC-101 suppressed FOXA1/GR target expression, activation of EGF signaling, entry into the S-phase, and attendant proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings point to a subset of NSCLCs harboring a dependence on the FOXA1/GR growth program and provide rationale for its therapeutic targeting.
Significance:
NSCLC is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. There is a need to identify novel druggable dependencies. We identify a subset of NSCLCs dependent on FOXA1-GR and sensitive to GR antagonism.
The Influence of Pregestational Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Patterns on Maternal, Delivery, and Newborn Outcomes in a Sample of Portuguese Pregnant Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bernardo Diana , Carvalho Carlos , Mota Jorge , Ferreira Margarida , Santos Paula Clara
Published: September 2023

Introduction: There is a linear association between pregestational body mass index (BMI) and almost all adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy is “a window of opportunities” in terms of changing behavior and improving awareness of healthy living. The proper assessment of physical activity levels, during pregnancy, determines trends, health benefits, and their effects over time. This study aims to describe maternal physical activity levels, stratified by pregestational BMI, verify the accomplishment of physical activity recommendations in pregnant women, and correlate pregestational BMI and physical activity accomplishment with maternal, delivery, and neonatal parameters. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out with 103 pregnant women. Physical activity levels were evaluated using a questionnaire and accelerometry. Pregestational BMI was obtained through the Quetelet formula and used the American College of Sports Medicine’s guidelines were used to determine physical activity accomplishment levels. Continuous data were presented as mean and standard deviation and categorical data as numbers and percentages. The F test was used to examine the differences between groups. Results: Pregnant women in the sample spent 42.9% of their time on household activities, and for pregnant women with obesity, 91.5% of the time was spent on sedentary activities. Women with normative BMI had higher levels of moderate-intensity activities. Only 15.8% of participants with obesity reached the international recommendations for physical activity practice and women who accomplished physical activity recommendations gained less weight during pregnancy. A high percentage of pre-obesity and obese pregnant women exceeded the recommendations for gestational weight gain and the gestational diabetes prevalence was higher in the obesity group (p = 0.03 between groups). Regarding delivery and neonatal parameters (Apgar score 1st, Apgar score 5th, birth weight, length and head circumference), no statistical differences were found when adjusted to a gestational week at birth, between BMI (p = 0.58; p = 0.18; p = 0.60; p = 0.34; p = 0.34, respectively) or physical activity (p = 0.12; p = 0.15; p = 0.83; p = 0.70; p = 0.70, respectively) groups. Conclusion: Pregnant women with obesity, exhibit high levels of sedentary behavior, a high prevalence of gestational diabetes, and exceed recommended gestational weight gain. Healthcare professionals have a crucial role in promoting regular physical activity and lifestyle changes before and during pregnancy.
The Role of a Dopamine-Dependent Limbic–Motor Network in Sensory Motor Processing in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Mann Leah G. , Servant Mathieu , Hay Kaitlyn R. , Song Alexander K. , Trujillo Paula , Yan Bailu , Kang Hakmook , Zald David , Donahue Manus J. , Logan Gordon D. , Claassen Daniel O.
Published: September 2023

Limbic and motor integration is enabled by a mesial temporal to motor cortex network. Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of dorsal striatal dopamine but relative preservation of mesolimbic dopamine early in disease, along with changes to motor action control. Here, we studied 47 patients with PD using the Simon conflict task and [18F]fallypride PET imaging. Additionally, a cohort of 16 patients participated in a single-blinded dextroamphetamine (dAMPH) study. Task performance was evaluated using the diffusion model for conflict tasks, which allows for an assessment of interpretable action control processes. First, a voxel-wise examination disclosed a negative relationship, such that longer non-decision time is associated with reduced D2-like binding potential (BPND) in the bilateral putamen, left globus pallidus, and right insula. Second, an ROI analysis revealed a positive relationship, such that shorter non-decision time is associated with reduced D2-like BPND in the amygdala and ventromedial OFC. The difference in non-decision time between off-dAMPH and on-dAMPH trials was positively associated with D2-like BPND in the globus pallidus. These findings support the idea that dysfunction of the traditional striatal–motor loop underlies action control deficits but also suggest that a compensatory parallel limbic–motor loop regulates motor output.
The Distractor Positivity Component and the Inhibition of Distracting Stimuli
Authors: Gaspelin Nicholas , Lamy Dominique , Egeth Howard E. , Liesefeld Heinrich R. , Kerzel Dirk , Mandal Ananya , Müller Matthias M. , Schall Jeffrey D. , Schubö Anna , Slagter Heleen A. , Stilwell Brad T. , van Moorselaar Dirk
Published: September 2023

There has been a long-lasting debate about whether salient stimuli, such as uniquely colored objects, have the ability to automatically distract us. To resolve this debate, it has been suggested that salient stimuli do attract attention but that they can be suppressed to prevent distraction. Some research supporting this viewpoint has focused on a newly discovered ERP component called the distractor positivity (PD), which is thought to measure an inhibitory attentional process. This collaborative review summarizes previous research relying on this component with a specific emphasis on how the PD has been used to understand the ability to ignore distracting stimuli. In particular, we outline how the PD component has been used to gain theoretical insights about how search strategy and learning can influence distraction. We also review alternative accounts of the cognitive processes indexed by the PD component. Ultimately, we conclude that the PD component is a useful tool for understanding inhibitory processes related to distraction and may prove to be useful in other areas of study related to cognitive control.
Anterior Hippocampal Engagement during Memory Formation Predicts Subsequent False Recognition of Similar Experiences
Authors: Vijayarajah Sagana , Schlichting Margaret L.
Published: September 2023

People better remember experiences when they orient to meaning over surface-level perceptual features. Such an orientation-related memory boost has been associated with engagement of both hippocampus (HPC) and neocortex during encoding. However, less is known about the neural mechanisms by which a cognitive orientation toward meaning might also promote memory errors, with one open question being whether the HPC—a region traditionally implicated in precise memory formation—also contributes to behavioral imprecision. We used fMRI to characterize encoding-phase signatures as people oriented toward the meaning (story) versus perceptual style (artist) of storybook-style illustrations and then linked them to subsequent true and false memories. We found that story and artist orientation tasks were each associated with both unique univariate profiles and consistent neural states defined using multivoxel patterns. Linking these neural signatures to behavior, we found that greater medial pFC activation and alignment of neural patterns to the story (but not artist) state was related to subsequent memory success on a trial-by-trial basis. Moreover, among successfully remembered experiences, greater anterior HPC engagement at encoding was associated with a higher likelihood of related false recognitions, consistent with the encoding of broad traces in this region. Interestingly, these effects did not reliably vary by cued orientation. These results suggest that, irrespective of the cued encoding orientation, neocortical and hippocampal mechanisms associated with orienting to meaning (story) over perceptual (artist) features may support memory, with the formation of generalizable memories being a specialty of anterior HPC.
Turn to Traditions – Calls for Change: Negotiations over Liturgy in the Synagogues of Finland
Authors: Muir Simo , Illman Ruth , Tuori Riikka
Published: September 2023

This article explores how Jews in Finland relate to the musical traditions of their synagogues and the changes that have occurred in the customs over time and as the result of various cultural and spiritual influences. Based on ethnographic data, it focuses on rituals, liturgy, and music as contexts for negotiating relationships between the institution and the individual, memory practices, and contemporary innovation – being and doing Jewish, to use concepts from the vernacular religion framework. The article outlines the historical development of Minhag Finland, the vernacular liturgical customs. It concludes that the “turn to traditions” should be stated in the plural, as several Jewish customs, cultures, and context are engaged in the negotiations around liturgy. This is not just a way to freeze time and preserve the status quo. Instead, seeking for meaningful models in the past paves the way for change – especially when turning toward a broad range of traditions.
A new species of Gonolobus (Apocynaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: LOZADA-PÉREZ LUCIO , CASTRO ERICKA BELÉN CORTEZ
Published: September 2023

Gonolobus sanmartinus is herein described and illustrated from the state of Veracruz, Mexico. It is an endemic species to the Los Tuxtlas region and similar in foliar features to those of G. pallidus. However, the faucial ring and gynostegial corona are remarkably different. This new species shares its distribution with G. ancorifer, G. fraternus, G. niger and G. versicolor, and a dichotomous identification key for these species in the Los Tuxtlas region is included. The new species’ relationship with other species is discussed and a geographic distribution map is presented, as well as its conservation status.
On the status of Bazzania madagassa (Marchantiophyta: Lepidoziaceae) from Madagascar
Authors: SASS-GYARMATI ANDREA , GRADSTEIN S. ROBBERT
Published: September 2023

N/A
Palicourea greeneana (Kuntze) Kottaimuthu, the correct name for Mapouria insignis Müller (Rubiaceae)
Authors: KOTTAIMUTHU RAMALINGAM
Published: September 2023

N/A
Hypertensive Subjects are More Likely to Develop Coronary Artery Lesions: A Study by Computerised Tomography Coronary Angiography
Authors: Tserioti Eleni , Chana Harmeet , Salmasi Abdul-Majeed
Published: September 2023

Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) is commonly used to identify coronary artery disease. In this study, the indications for CCTA referrals are reviewed, to identify the strongest predictors of CAD, as seen on CCTA. A retrospective study, reviewing the electronic health records of consecutive patients who underwent CCTA between July and November 2020 at our Trust, was conducted. A total of 485 patient reports were reviewed. Of patients with moderate-to-severe CAD, 128 (73.6%) were hypertensive. Of those with severe CAD, 79 patients (76%) were hypertensive. Univariate analysis for comparison of patients with absent ( n = 219), mild ( n = 92), moderate ( n = 70) and severe ( n = 104) CAD revealed that hypertension ( P < .001), diabetes mellitus ( P < .001), gender ( P < .001), dyslipidemia ( P < .001) and smoking ( P = .006), were each significantly associated with the presence of CAD on CCTA. However, multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed that hypertension has the strongest association with CAD (OR = 2.22, P < .001) Furthermore, the presence of typical chest pain in hypertensive patients was strongly associated with significant CAD, on CCTA. Among all risk factors, hypertension is the strongest independent predictor for the presence of CAD on CCTA. These results suggest that hypertension is a significant factor when considering referral for CCTA, particularly when associated with chest pain.
School Behavior, School Performance, and Race as Focal Concerns in the Institutionalization of Juveniles
Authors: Lowery Patrick Glen , Clifton-Mills Amy Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

According to the focal concerns perspective, the concerns guiding judges’ sentencing considerations are blameworthiness and harm, community protection, and practical considerations. Regarding racial and other disparities in sentencing, focal concerns contend that various constraints, associations between defendants’ demographic characteristics, and the three focal concerns influence judicial decision-making. One association that is explored infrequently is the institutionalization decision of juveniles and how that decision is associated with race and various school-based metrics. Using a sample of adjudicated delinquent juveniles from one state over a 5-year period and merged with American Community Survey data, the present study explores how school factors alongside race serve as focal concerns for judges, impacting the decision to institutionalize juveniles.
Mechanical behavior of recycled carbon fiber epoxy and vinylester composites produced by resin infusion with flexible tooling technology (RIFT)
Authors: Genna Silvio , Papa Ilaria , Trovalusci Federica
Published: September 2023

This research aims to define a technological process to design and manufacture high-performance components with innovative composite materials and to assess a line of recycling and recovery of processing waste. The material under study is a felt (non-woven fabric) of short carbon fibres produced by recycling composite material scraps. The activities focus on determining the most suitable production processes and the related process parameters that best lend themselves the uses of recycled carbon felt. Thus, two different laminates were manufactured, adopting epoxy and vinylester resinand the same recycled carbon withthe same stacking sequence. Consequently, the same thickness was obtained,andthe process feasibility and its limits were determined. In addition, the quasi-static and FIMEC tests were conducted to investigate their behaviour under tensile and flexural loading, respectively, and highlight theinfluence of the different matrices used. The results revealed the perfectly elastic behaviour of the material, the strong anisotropy for the epoxy sample and a significant difference in mechanical response in terms of strength and modulus
Design and Implementation of an Innovative, Rapid Data-Monitoring Strategy for Public Health Emergencies: Pilot of the United States School COVID-19 Mitigation Strategies Project
Authors: Hertz Marci F. , Dierst-Davies Rhodri , Freire Kimberley , Verlenden Jorge M. Vallery , Whitton Laini , Zimmerman John , Honeycutt Sally , Puddy Richard , Baldwin Grant T.
Published: September 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, an urgent need existed for near–real-time data collection to better understand how individual beliefs and behaviors, state and local policies, and organizational practices influenced health outcomes. We describe the processes, methods, and lessons learned during the development and pilot testing of an innovative rapid data collection process we developed to inform decision-making during the COVID-19 public health emergency. We used a fully integrated mixed-methods approach to develop a structured process for triangulating quantitative and qualitative data from traditional (cross-sectional surveys, focus groups) and nontraditional (social media listening) sources. Respondents included students, parents, teachers, and key school personnel (eg, nurses, administrators, mental health providers). During the pilot phase (February–June 2021), data from 12 cross-sectional and sector-based surveys (n = 20 302 participants), 28 crowdsourced surveys (n = 26 820 participants), 10 focus groups (n = 64 participants), and 11 social media platforms (n = 432 754 503 responses) were triangulated with other data to support COVID-19 mitigation in schools. We disseminated findings through internal dashboards, triangulation reports, and policy briefs. This pilot demonstrated that triangulating traditional and nontraditional data sources can provide rapid data about barriers and facilitators to mitigation implementation during an evolving public health emergency. Such a rapid feedback and continuous improvement model can be tailored to strengthen response efforts. This approach emphasizes the value of nimble data modernization efforts to respond in real time to public health emergencies.
Mental Health and Depressive Mood in People With Visual Impairments
Authors: Kim Agnus M. , Park Jae-Hyun
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Understanding depression in view of the characteristics of disability would be important for establishing strategies for mental health among people with visual impairment. This study was conducted to assess the mental health of people with visual impairments and examine the factors associated with depressive mood. Methods: The data were obtained from the 2016 Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled in Korea. The group difference in explanatory variables according to depressive mood was examined by the chi-square. To assess the effect of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health-related behavior, stresses, discrimination, and social relationships on depressive mood, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The prevalence of depressive mood was higher in people with visual impairments compared to the general population. The demographic characteristics of people with visual impairments differed from the general population in terms of economic conditions and marital status. Not only stress in daily life but also stress due to disability was found to contribute to a depressive mood. Satisfaction with relationships with friends and family was associated with a lower likelihood of depressive mood. Discussion: This study demonstrates that people with visual impairments are likely to be more susceptible to depression than the general population. The association of depressive mood with not only stress in daily life but also stress due to their visual impairment suggests that disability, aside from the inconvenience due to it, can have a negative effect on mental health. The association of friends and family relationship suggests the importance of their supportive role. Implications for Practitioners: The specific characteristics of people with visual impairments in relation to mental health need to be considered and reflected in designing mental health support for the population.
Who Do We Turn to and What Do We Get? Cultural Differences in Attachment Structure and Function Among East Asian and Western Individuals
Authors: Joo Minjoo , Cross Susan E. , Park Sun W.
Published: September 2023

To whom do we turn for support in times of need, and what does the support from close others convey? The present research investigated how the structure and function of attachment differ for individuals in East Asian and Western cultures. In three studies, using survey and daily diary data, we examined the role of the romantic partner as an attachment figure, and the consequences of receiving responsive support in close relationships among individuals in Korea and the United States. As expected, the role of the romantic partner as an attachment figure was less emphasized for Koreans compared with U.S. participants. Also, responsive support from close others was more strongly linked to affiliation-related end states (i.e., in-group agency) for Koreans than U.S. individuals. The present research demonstrates the need to consider nuanced cultural influences in the attachment literature for the broader application of the theory.
Yours, mine, or ours: Does bank account status in early marriage affect financial behavior and financial satisfaction?
Authors: Sorgente Angela , Lanz Margherita , Tagliabue Semira , Wilmarth Melissa J. , Archuleta Kristy L. , Yorgason Jeremy , James Spencer
Published: September 2023

The relationship between an individual’s financial behavior and financial satisfaction is well known. Less evidence is available about how these two constructs interplay within couples. This considered, the current paper aims to (a) examine whether individuals’ financial satisfaction is influenced by their own financial behavior (actor effect) and their partner’s financial behavior (partner effect); (b) examine whether these two effects vary between husbands and wives; and (c) verify how couples’ bank account status (i.e., only joint bank accounts, only separate bank accounts, both joint and separate bank accounts) moderate these effects. The current study draws 1,475 heterosexual early married couples from Couple Relationships and Transition Experiences study and modeled dyadic data through an Actor Partner Interdependence Model. Results indicate that actor’s financial behavior is associated only with one’s own financial satisfaction (actor effect) and not one’s partner’s financial satisfaction (partner effect). This holds for both wives and husbands. Furthermore, individuals who hold only joint bank account(s) are more likely to have financial behaviors similar to their partner than individuals who hold only separate bank accounts or both joint and separate accounts. Couples who hold only separate accounts are more likely to engage in less positive financial behavior than their counterparts. Implications for relationship therapists and financial professionals are discussed.
Competing stakeholder narratives on crypto-assets: Miracle or mirage?
Authors: Currie Wendy L , Seddon Jonathan JM
Published: September 2023

Academic and practitioner interest in crypto-assets is gaining momentum. Different values and agendas influence regulatory policy. Competing ideologies and social norms about the efficacy of regulatory regimes, the influence of innovation philosophies, and the need to foster ethical principles and practices underpin debates on crypto-assets. Semi-structured interviews were carried out in the USA and UK with regulators, tech firms, institutional and retail investors, and crypto social media influencers. Stakeholder groups were classified as interventionists, innovators, influencers, and investors. The research builds a data structure from extant literature and empirical research. Aggregate dimensions of inchoate technology, regulatory intervention, and innovation social norms reflect complex and competing stakeholder positions on crypto assets. Findings show crypto-assets are not homogenous, but highly differentiated with potential effects and outcomes determined by algorithmic code. However, competing stakeholder agendas obfuscate policy development for decentralized finance.
Beyond early motherhood: Trends and determinants of late fertility in Chile
Authors: Yopo Díaz Martina , Abufhele Alejandra
Published: September 2023

Delayed parenthood characterizes family formation in developed countries and is also emerging in developing countries. In Latin America, fertility trends have been historically characterized by early family formation and adolescent childbearing. Recent studies indicate emerging trends of late fertility, but there is conflicting empirical evidence on whether and why parenthood is being postponed. This mixed-methods study examines the trends and determinants of late fertility in Chile, focusing on whether and why women are delaying first childbearing. Quantitative findings indicate an increase in the age at first birth driven by a rise of the proportion of women becoming mothers after 30 years and a decrease of adolescent childbearing. Estimations show differences in the timing of first childbearing according to education, employment, and marital status. Qualitative findings suggest that delaying first childbearing is driven by aspirations of self-realization, emerging gender norms, intensification of mothering, partnership insecurity, and precarious social conditions for having children.
First-line maintenance therapy with niraparib in advanced platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer: two ‘long responder’ case reports and review of the current literature
Authors: Ngan Roger K. C.
Published: September 2023

The standard of care for newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer is surgical cytoreduction plus platinum-based chemotherapy; however, recurrent disease frequently occurs after treatment. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as first-line maintenance therapy have been demonstrated to significantly reduce the risk of disease progression or death in patients with advanced ovarian cancer who have a complete or partial response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Niraparib is the only PARP inhibitor that offers a significant progression-free survival benefit compared with placebo in this patient population regardless of the homologous recombination status. However, predictive factors for treatment responses and approaches to dose optimization remain to be investigated. In this study, two Chinese patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer exhibited long-term responses to niraparib treatment, and hematological toxicity was successfully managed by dose adjustment. The literature on clinical trials and real-world experience on the efficacy, tolerability, and dose individualization of niraparib treatment in Western and Chinese patients was also reviewed. Future research is warranted to identify the characteristics of ‘long responders’ to niraparib treatment.
Applying the global wealth chain typology to property purchases in the Liverpool and Merseyside Area
Authors: McKenzie Rex , Atkinson Rowland , Ingianni Andrea
Published: September 2023

The wealth chain is a conceptualisation of extended flows of capital operating across multiple tax jurisdictions in order to extract maximum value from investment locations. To date, such chains have largely been considered in relation to either international tax-avoiding flows of capital to offshore havens or in relation to prime property markets in major metropoles. In this article, we use new data to explain the geographical variations in asset strategies and investment types associated with different types of wealth chain in a historically deprived city region. The data relate to the purchase of real estate in the Liverpool and Merseyside Area (LMA) of the UK by companies from offshore jurisdictions. We use data to empirically model the wealth-chain concept. We compare the results from our empirically derived model with the key theoretical propositions regarding such chains. Our results confirm the actions of identifiable types of wealth chain. By geographical distribution, the specific asset strategy that dominates suggests that wealth-chain offshore investors in Liverpool’s real estate are primarily motivated by their desire to protect their identities and their assets. In the literature on the subject, these are much sought after attributes of money launderers and others involved in illicit wealth accumulation. In money terms, the dominant asset strategy is situated in a much smaller geographical space in and around the city centre. In the literature, this type of wealth chain is associated with the multinational corporations who are, theoretically, the main source of innovation in wealth-chain operations.
Role of Additives in Compacted Concrete Pavements
Authors: Levin Jessica , Fan Yi , Keenan Sean , Koppi Kurt A. , Nickless Brian , Pressler James , Radler Michael J. , Saba Stacey A. , Sammler Robert L. , Theuerkauf Jörg , Zink Michael
Published: September 2023

Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is an emerging pavement technology especially for secondary roads and is additionally valued for its lower installation costs, faster opening to traffic, high load-carrying capacity, and durability. One major drawback to use of RCC in secondary roads is the balance of smoothness and target surface durability over time. To achieve more consistent RCC mixes, the compaction (flow) performance and rheology of about 40 freshly prepared zero-slump graded aggregate concrete pastes were explored with selected types and levels of additives and water saturation levels. Viscosity modifiers were found to be critical to achieve the highest yield strength formulations. The high yield strength RCC formulations identified from this study followed the key guidance, namely graded aggregate, viscosity, and lubricity, of the Superpave program for fresh asphalt concrete.
CO2 Emissions in Air Transport: A Comparative Study Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Queiroz Júnior Hélio da Silva , Celestino Marcos Araújo de Souza , de Souza Carolina Farias Ferreira , Falcão Viviane Adriano , Camioto Flávia de Castro
Published: September 2023

The international community has been actively addressing the issue of reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as evidenced by various initiatives such as Rio 92, Rio +20, the Paris Agreement, and the 2030 Agenda. These endeavors aim to promote sustainability worldwide. While air transport accounts for only 2% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, its projected growth has spurred the exploration of new technologies to enhance aircraft efficiency. Consequently, further studies are necessary to assess the efficiency and impact of air transport on CO2 emissions in most countries. A methodology utilizing data envelopment analysis (DEA) is proposed in this study for this purpose. This methodology correlates the structure and annual air movement of 21 countries with CO2 production, considering it an undesirable output. The clustering method establishes the relationship between DEA efficiency, the number of airports, air traffic movements (landings and take-offs), and annual economic factors such as gross domestic product in these countries. Additionally, a regression analysis is conducted to examine the influence of air transport on CO2 emissions from transport systems. The findings reveal that the U.S. and China exhibit low efficiency as outliers because of their significant economic disparities. Other countries are grouped based on economic similarities, with South American nations such as Colombia and Chile showing lower air traffic movement efficiency compared with economically powerful European countries such as the UK and Germany. However, the impact of air transportation variables on CO2 emissions remains substantial.
Comparative Evaluation of Total Cost of Ownership of Battery-Electric and Diesel Trucks in India
Authors: Rajagopal D. , Gopinathan N. , Khandekar A. , Karali N. , Phadke A. , Abhyankar N.
Published: September 2023

Whereas battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are on their path to maturity in the light-duty segment, their viability in medium- and heavy-duty applications faces greater skepticism. Furthermore, their higher upfront cost relative to diesel trucks is perceived as even more challenging for less wealthy nations such as India. Here, we undertake a total cost of ownership (TCO) assessment of battery electric trucks (BETs) for four different classes of freight trucks in India using a bottom-up vehicle subsystem level cost estimation. We estimate that, in a scenario in which the incremental upfront cost of BETs relative to a diesel truck is simply the extra cost of the battery pack procured at close to current average international battery pack prices, BETs could have lower TCO, less than 5-year payback, and deliver substantial life cycle cost savings, even without accounting for their environmental benefits. In addition to eliminating tailpipe pollution, they already deliver lower life cycle greenhouse gas emissions based on the current average electricity mix in India. Achieving a scale production that yields lower TCO will, however, require public support over a long maturation phase marked by learning-by-doing externalities and lack of economies of scale when BETs will be costlier. Currently, while there exist multiple types of incentive for light-duty BEVs as well as for cell manufacturing in India, targeted policies for zero emissions trucks are absent; this is a gap that needs to be filled if BETs are to emerge as a serious alternative to diesel trucks in a decade or so.
Palliative Medicine and End of Life Care Between Races in an Academic Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Fassas Scott , King Daniel , Shay Molly , Schockett Erica , Yamane David , Hawkins Katrina
Published: September 2023

Background: Although palliative medicine (PM) is more commonly being integrated into the intensive care unit (ICU), research on racial disparities in this area is lacking. Our objectives were to (a) identify racial disparities in utilization of PM consultation for patients who received ICU care and (b) determine if there were differences in the use of code status or PM consultation over time based on race. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 571 patients, 18 years and above, at a tertiary care institution who received ICU care and died during their hospital stay. We analyzed two timeframes, 2008–2009 and 2018–2019. Univariate analysis was utilized to evaluate baseline characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression model and interaction P values were employed to assess for differential use of PM consultation, do not resuscitate (DNR) orders, and comfort care (CC) orders between races in aggregate and for changes over time. Results: There was a notable increase in Black/African-American (AA) (54% to 61%) and Hispanic/Latino (2% to 3%) patients over time in our population. Compared to White patients, we found no differences between PM consultation and CC orders. There was a lower probability of DNR orders for Black/AA (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.569; P = .049; confidence interval [CI]: 0.324–0.997) and other/unknown/multiracial patients (aOR: 0.389; P = .273; CI: 0.169–0.900). Comparing our earlier time period to the later time period, we found an increased usage of PM for all patients. Interaction P values suggest there were no differences between races regarding PM, DNR, and CC orders. Conclusions: PM use has increased over time at our institution. Contrary to the previous literature, there were no differences in the frequency of utilization of PM consultation between races. Further analysis to evaluate the usage of PM in the ICU setting in varying populations and geographic locations is warranted.
Leveraging National Data and Regional Innovations to Right-Size Tobacco Treatment Policy for Behavioral Health in a Midwestern State
Authors: Munck Machado Nathalia , Cagan Rick , Faseru Babalola , Choi Won S. , Brown Andrew , Chadwick Ginny , Jackson Ja’net , Everett Kevin D. , Bond Tristi , Richter Kimber
Published: September 2023

Background:

People with mental health (MH) and substance use disorders (SUD) have high rates of tobacco use and tobacco-related mortality. They want to stop smoking and studies have shown they can quit, but few behavioral health facilities provide tobacco treatment. The purpose of this paper is to describe how a midwestern statewide behavioral health collaboration used regional data to pinpoint strengths and weaknesses in tobacco treatment trends, identified policies in neighboring states that were associated with high rates of tobacco treatment, and worked with state leaders to implement these policies to enhance treatment.

Methods:

We used publicly available data from 2 SAMHSA annual national surveys of MH/SUD facilities to describe tobacco treatment services and policies in behavioral health facilities in Kansas and 3 neighboring states (Missouri, Nebraska and Oklahoma). We interviewed neighboring state leaders to identify policies they had implemented to boost tobacco recovery services in behavioral health. We collaborated with our state behavioral health agency to encourage adoption of similar policies.

Results:

Using 7 years of survey data (2014-2020), rates for screening, counseling, and medications for tobacco dependence were highest in Oklahoma and Missouri facilities. Oklahoma had the highest percentages of facilities reporting smoke-free campuses. In all states, rates of tobacco service provision and smoke-free campuses were lower among SUD facilities than in MH facilities. State leaders associated several policies with high performance, including (a) requiring programs contracting with the state to conduct screening, provide counseling, and adopt smoke-free campuses (Oklahoma and Missouri); (b) state-based collection of tobacco treatment service provision data (Oklahoma); (c) providing facilities with free NRT for clients (Oklahoma); (d) setting benchmarks for service provision (Oklahoma); (e) comprehensive Medicaid coverage of cessation medications (Missouri). Upon review of these findings, Kansas behavioral health officials adopted a 2-year process to implement similar policies and are integrating tobacco treatment requirements into the state Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic program.

Conclusions:

Summarizing and sharing freely-available data across states laid the groundwork for cross-border networking and policy change. State and federal agencies should integrate these policies into contracts and block grants to reduce tobacco-related disparities among individuals with behavioral health conditions.
Child Education Rights Versus Parental Preferences: A Paradox Between United Nations Conventions and Alternative Schooling Methods
Authors: Chiang Tom , Killian Caitlin
Published: September 2023

Alternative schooling has been staunchly advocated for by groups disillusioned by government-sponsored public schooling that want to take personal control of their children’s education. There are concerns, however, about nontraditional schooling options that do not meet standards that apply to public schools. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) specifies children’s fundamental educational rights. In the United States, this includes mastering basic English literacy and numerical abilities, as well as exposure to some scientific and historical knowledge needed to negotiate mainstream society. This paper focuses on how certain homeschooling and religious schooling practices run the risk of denying adolescents the right to the education necessary to work in the modern economy and achieve their potential. We argue that the United States should allow alternative schooling options but ensure that they conform to specific standards set by the state in order to meet the CRC goals.