bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSPECTIVES ON USING INHALED NITRIC OXIDE AND ITS ORGAN PROTECTION FEATURES IN CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERIES WITH CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Mikhailova Alyona A. , Ivkin Artem A. , Grigoriev Evgeny V.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital heart defects in children is associated with the issue of organ protection that impacts the outcome and subsequent rehabilitation process. The literature review highlights the need to improve cardiopulmonary bypass-associated adverse effects in cardiovascular interventions in different patient populations.

 

Article 

Pathological effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which is necessary for most surgeries in children and adults with congenital heart defects, remains an unresolved issue. The functional immaturity of the circulatory system and endogenous mechanisms of organ protection in children necessitates intraoperative protection of the organs affected by CPB. The severity of the effects of extracorporeal circuits can lead to an increase in comorbidity and mortality in patients who have undergone CPB. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that most organ protection strategies adopted in adults are inapplicable in children. The search for Russian and English publications (up to 7 years old) was performed using the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, E-library. The keywords for the search were: nitric oxide, cardiopulmonary bypass, congenital heart defects, organ protection. Literature analysis results revealed the potential for further research on the inhaled nitric oxide for organ protection during cardiac surgery, and the feasibility of its perioperative administration. The nitric oxide is a promising method of organ protection in cardiac surgery with CPB. Moreover, scientific data highlight the importance of the organ protection during CPB in order to ensure successful outcome of the intervention. However, further research on inhaled nitric oxide effects is necessary.
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY IN TEENAGER WITH LEOPARD SYNDROME (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Kulavskaya Marianna V. , Shabaev Ilmir F. , Rumyantseva Alexandra A. , Evtushenko Aleksey V. , Mamchur Irina N. , Bogachev-Prokophiev Alexander V.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

This review describes a rare clinical case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a teenager with LEOPARD syndrome.

 

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetically determined cardiac disease which can be caused by nearly 1500 genetic mutations, encoding proteins of the cardiac sarcomere and some non-sacromeric proteins. There is a number of hereditary metabolic disorders and diseases which can imitate phenotype and clinical picture of HCM. Abnormalities with systemic symptoms are usually identified as a syndrome, including hypertrophic myocardium signs. Such abnormalities are regarded to the RASopathies, a group of phenotypically similar genetic syndromes. Nowadays RASopathies include 1-type neurofibromatosis, Noonan syndrome, LEOPARD syndrome, Costello syndrome, Legius syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, and capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome.
A CLINICAL CASE OF THE “STONE HEART” SYNDROME IN A PREMATURE BABY WITH RADICAL CORRECTION OF A CONGENITAL HEART DEFECT: VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT AND ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT
Authors: Zinchuk Polina V. , Khalivopulo Ivan K. , Ivkin Artem A. , Borisenko Dmitry V. , Lyapin Anton A. , Bogdanov Lev A.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

The article aims to expand the understanding of septal defects in children with congenital heart defects, emphasizing their frequency and variety of clinical manifestations, and to describe radical corrections of hearts defects, which, despite their routine nature, can be accompanied by severe complications.

 

Abstract

Septal defects in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) occur frequently: atrial and interventricular septal defects are quite common, either in isolation or as a part of other complex heart defects. In many cardiac surgical centers, surgical correction of septal defects is considered a “routine” operation; such patients usually do not have complications before, during, or after surgical intervention. Despite the seemingly commonplace nature of the procedure, there are some severe complications such as “stone heart” syndrome. Stone heart syndrome or ischemic myocardial contracture is a condition caused by impaired blood supply to the myocardium, resulting in impairment of energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes and the development of ischemic contracture. The article presents a clinical case of a child undergoing a radical correction of CHD complicated by fatal ischemic myocardial contracture.
Reconocimiento de malezas importantes en estadios juveniles en cultivos del Noreste de Argentina
Authors: Davalos Claudio Marcos , López María Gabriela , Vanni Ricardo Oscar
Published: February 2025

Los agroecosistemas del nordeste argentino forman comunidades vegetales importantes. Las arvenses de hábito trepador pueden tornarse malezas. El monitoreo y detección temprana de especies perjudiciales contribuye a prevenir infestaciones y son herramientas útiles para alcanzar una agricultura sustentable. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue reconocer, describir y diferenciar 12 especies de malezas en estadios juveniles, con el fin de facilitar el monitoreo y prevenir el enmalezamiento en cultivos de yerba mate, té, mandioca, batata, maní, arroz y girasol, en 8 diferentes localidades de las provincias de Misiones, Corrientes y Chaco. Se realizaron censos de vegetación en diversos cultivos de 8 localidades. De las malezas más importantes se cosecharon propágulos que fueron conservados en heladera a 6°C. Luego, las semillas y esquejes se colocaron en sustrato inerte, con humedad controlada y a temperatura ambiente en contenedores de plástico. Se utilizó un calibre digital y flexómetro estándar; las fotografías fueron tomadas con smartphone y cámara digital. Se obtuvieron plántulas de 12 especies, las cuales fueron observadas, descritas morfológicamente, ilustradas, mensuradas sus partes, registrando sus estados fenológicos iniciales e identificadas taxonómicamente. Se presenta un cuadro comparativo de las especies estudiadas, una clave dicotómica para poder reconocerlas en campo y las ilustraciones de los diferentes taxones. Las diferencias morfológicas en estado de plántulas y plantas jóvenes son importantes y suficientes para reconocer estas 12 especies en campo y poder así elegir estrategias MIM orientadas a la sustentabilidad de los agroecosistemas de la región del nordeste argentino.
Frecuencia del Síndrome de anticuerpos Anti- fosfolípidos y su clasificación según los nuevos criterios EULAR 2023 en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, que consultaron en el Departamento de Medicina Interna del Hospital Nacional, en el período 2020-2024
Authors: Montiel Dora , Samudio Margarita
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El síndrome antifosfolipídico (SAF), es una enfermedad autoinmune, sistémica, cuya expresión clínica se caracteriza por dos principales dominios, los eventos trombóticos, con trombosis venosa y/o arterial, y la morbilidad obstétrica, cuyas manifestaciones clínicas principales son la pérdida recurrente en el primer trimestre del embarazo, muerte fetal, pre-eclampsia, parto prematuro y restricción del crecimiento fetal, asociadas con la presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos (anticoagulante lúpico, anticuerpos anti-cardiolipina IgG/IgM, y/o anticuerpos anti-β 2-glicoproteína I IgG/IgM).
Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia del SAF y su clasificación según los nuevos criterios ACR/EULAR 2023, en pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES).
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, de pacientes adultos con LES, que acudieron al Hospital Nacional, en el periodo comprendido entre enero-2020 y agosto-2024. El muestreo fue no probabilístico, por conveniencia. Fueron excluidos los pacientes con expedientes incompletos. Las variables analizadas fueron sociodemográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio.
Resultados: Se estudiaron 70 pacientes con diagnóstico de LES, entre 17 y 72 años de edad (media: 33,1 ± 12,3), 58 (82,80%) eran mujeres, 44 (62.8%) procedentes del Departamento Central, 36 (59%) con estudios secundarios, 15 pacientes (26.3%) tenían nefritis. De los mismos, 13 pacientes (18.5%) presentaron anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos. De acuerdo a los nuevos criterios en la cohorte de validación clasificaron como SAF: 5 pacientes (7.1%). Las manifestaciones clínicas presentadas por los 5 pacientes con SAF fueron trombosis venosa profunda en miembros inferiores 3/5 (60%), accidente cerebrovascular isquémico 1/5 (20%), endocarditis de Libman Sacks 1/5 (20%).
Conclusión: La frecuencia de anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos fue del 18.5% en pacientes con LES. De éstos, fueron clasificados con SAF, 5 pacientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron la trombosis venosa profunda de miembros inferiores, el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, y endocarditis de Libman-Sacks.
Review of the development of research themes in human resource management: A bibliometric co-citation analysis of the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Fang Yu-Shen
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the evolution of the human resources field in Western academia during the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on the trends in research topics across different decades. The analysis utilizes citation co-citation analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, and social network analysis. The research data were drawn from the Web of Science (WoS) database, comprising 1278 documents. By distinguishing between different time periods, the study identifies shifts in the field across two distinct time frames, visualized through multidimensional scaling maps. The results indicate that the 1970s were dominated by seven major research streams, while the 1980s introduced eight research streams, with “human resources” emerging for the first time as a prominent research frontier. The volume of literature, co-citation frequency, and citation counts all increased over time, reflecting the growing vibrancy and expanding scope of research in the field. Although citation co-citation analysis provides objective quantitative insights, issues such as the purpose of citations, the extent to which cited documents influence citing documents, and the varying layers of citation impact may introduce potential errors in the co-citation analysis results.
Cognitive Interest as a Way of Expressing Subjectivity in Cognition
Authors:   Saratov Military Institute of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Alpatov A.S.
Published: February 2025

In the article the author considers cognitive interest as a problem of cognition that deals with a subjective side analysis of cognitive activity. The article represents the problem of cognition and interest
correlation worked by J. Habermas. Cognitive interest is regarded as a unigue personal relation to
the world. There had been regarding the definition of «cognitive interest» and defining the characteristic features of cognitive interest. The subject has both theoretical and practical importance.
The Question of Definition of Conception «Transformed conditions of consciousness»
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kolchina A.G.
Published: February 2025

It makes an attempt to define the conception «Transformed conditions of consciousness?» and «Is the consciousness cognized?».
It gives proof of the fact that consciousness is a form of interaction of
person with society. In its turn transformed conditions of consciousness is a consciousness of such interaction. It emphasizes that depersonalizations and alienation are come out as a factor of transformed conditions of consciousness. Such problem organization
inferred the author in a sphere of actual questions of ontology, kinesiology, philosophic anthropology and social philosophy.
Social-Psychological Determinants of Motivation of Achievement in Educational Activity
Authors:   Saratov State University, Bocharova Е.Е.
Published: February 2025

In this article was a produced results of empirical research social-psychological a determinant of
motivation of achievement in educational activity are submitted. Interrelations between motivation of
achievement and parameters of social - psychological properties of the person with a high / low level
of motivation of achievement are revealed. It is shown, that as social - psychological a determinant
of motivation of achievement of success in educational activity ability to self-control, intellectual
activity, skill to be mobilized act high enough level development standards of behaviour, a business
orientation; the dissatisfaction with the results strengthens motivation of achievement.
Research Actuality of the Problem of Teacher's Professional Development in the System of Professional Qualification Improvement
Authors:   Astrakhan Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining of Education Workers, Tasmukhanova A.D.
Published: February 2025

The analysis of different psychological theories on the base of the
systematic, personal-oriented active and complex acmelogical approach to the definition of the term "professional development of a teacher" is presented in this article. The problem of professional
develop-ment of a teacher in the system of qualification improvement
is raised. A suggestion of the necessity to work out and to support
scientifically optimal conditions of teachers professional development
in the system of qualification improvement which lets to reveal new
reserves of their professional activity effectiveness is put forward.
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Delivering Healthcare at the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aziz Klara , Jabbari Parnian
Published: February 2025

It has been more than six decades since Artificial Intelligence (AI) was introduced to outperform humans inaccuracy and speed. Ever since, many algorithms have been developed that gained success in fulfilling theclaims of AI. Their high speed and accuracy have made them perfect candidates for substituting humansin many settings. Even though AI has changed the face of many industries, its application in some others isstill a subject of debate. Besides AI, which, over decades, has changed the face of industries for good, thereis another phenomenon that has changed it: the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Unlike AI, thispandemic has changed every aspect of human life. Due to its fast spread through human contact, stay-in-shelter orders have been placed to slow the person-to-person transmission. This is a source of concern forindustries as many of them may fade away due to the pandemic. However, there is one industry at risk ofburning out rather than fading away: the healthcare industry. Limited resources, on the one hand, andincreased demand, on the other hand, have made the healthcare industry one of the main victims of thepandemic. Emergency departments are flooded with patients, yet non-emergent medical services have beennearly shut down. Therefore, solutions are sought to help both lighten the burden on emergency depart-ments and facilitate providing non-emergent medical services. AI and automated systems can be the key tosuch solutions. They have proved their efficacy in many instances in the healthcare industry, from emergen-cy department triage to assisting surgeries. Thus far, their widespread use has been halted due to legal andethical debates. However, the COVID-19 pandemic can be a turning point in the integration of AI into thehealthcare system, just as improving AI integration with healthcare can be a turning point in this pandem-ic. Herein, we overview how AI can help deliver non-emergent medical services during the pandemic andpossibly thereafter.
Life-Threatening COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Side Effects: Are They Noteworthy?
Authors: Moghaddam Sina , Sheikh Mina , Khazeei Tabari Mohammad Amin , Darzi Pouya , Rafiaei Milad , Sheikh Mahdieh
Published: February 2025

The development of COVID-19 vaccines with high efficacy has given people hope to overcome the pan-demic. However, the increasing number of reports of side effects could affect the number of people who areadherent to vaccination. In most cases, pain, fever, and fatigue have been reported, which is the normal sideeffect of many vaccines. More serious side effects have also been reported, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome,thrombotic thrombocytopenia, anaphylaxis, and death. Although these side effects seem to be lethal, theyare rare, and vaccination is the most efficient strategy to overcome this disease.
Laboratory Detection of SARS-CoV-2: Dilemma of Choosing the Best Test
Authors: Lotfi Melika , M. Seifalian Alexander
Published: February 2025

The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health problem that appeared in late 2019through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This perplexing virus has a highinfection rate, and with no specific treatment, the mortality and morbidity rates are rapidly increasing.Moreover, the new virus variant, which is more contagious and has a higher mortality rate than previousvariants, has been detected in the United Kingdom. There are few vaccines at clinical stages. However, thedistancing, track, and trace will stay with us for at least the next few years. Hence, detecting symptomaticand asymptomatic patients through accurate detective tests such as molecular and serological assays andquarantine is the only preventive method that can be used for controlling the pandemic.It is essential to use highly accurate tests to decrease the number of false negative and false positive results.This research aimed to highlight and critically assess the specificity and sensitivity of coronavirus tests avail-able for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, this is a multibillion-dollar industry, and many testsenter the clinical setting without having fully been validated.
Investigation of Serum CRP Levels in People with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis
Authors: Khazaei Behnam , Akhtar Razieh , Khazaei Hossein Ali , Shirzaiy Masoomeh , Khazaei Amin , Ansari Hossein
Published: February 2025

Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a common, painful condition marked by recurrentoral ulcers, impacting quality of life. Its etiology is unclear but involves genetics, immune dysregulation, andenvironmental factors. This study explores the link between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and RASto assess the role of systemic inflammation.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study design, we enrolled 26 participants diagnosed with RAS according toestablished diagnostic criteria alongside a control group of 26 healthy individuals matched for age and gen-der. Serum CRP levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods, anddemographic, clinical, and lifestyle data were collected through structured questionnaires. We employedstatistical analyses, including t-tests and regression models, to assess the association between serum CRPlevels and the frequency and duration of RAS.
Results: Our findings reveal significantly elevated serum CRP levels in individuals with RAS compared tohealthy controls (p<0.04), indicating a potential link between systemic inflammation and the pathophysiol-ogy of RAS. Additionally, elevated CRP levels were associated with increased ulcer severity and prolongedhealing time. Multivariate analyses further demonstrated that serum CRP could serve as an independentpredictor of RAS severity, highlighting its potential role as a biomarker for disease activity.
Conclusion: Our investigation provides compelling evidence that systemic inflammation, as indicated byelevated serum CRP levels, is associated with RAS.
Paralelo entre o texto: algumas considerações sobre “raça”, ação afirmativa e identidade negra no Brasil: fundamentos antropológicos (Munanga, 2006), e o filme Quanto vale ou é por quilo?
Authors: Prudente Cleucimar Aparecida Pereira , Garcia Luara Tavares
Published: February 2025

Neste trabalho analisamos o diálogo de abertura do filme "Quanto Vale ou é por um quilo?" (2005), dirigido por Sérgio Bianchi, uma obra do cinema nacional que aborda a persistência da escravidão desde o século XVIII até os dias atuais e os desvios financeiros em projetos sociais conduzidos por organizações não governamentais (ONGs), as quais recebem recursos destinados a essas iniciativas. Utilizamos o texto de Munanga (2005/2006) como referencial teórico para estabelecer uma relação entre a narrativa histórica da escravidão e as questões contemporâneas de política e identidade negra na análise cinematográfica. O problema central explorado no filme é a persistente exploração da mão de obra ao longo dos séculos, mantendo sua influência prejudicial na sociedade. O objetivo da comparação entre o texto e o filme serve para compreender como o processo de formação das práticas racistas no Brasil está vinculado intimamente com a história e as estruturas sociais e econômicas do período escravista, além de evidenciar sua manutenção. O resultado desta análise mostra a importância do cinema como uma forma de expressão que pode gerar diálogos significativos sobre questões sociais e políticas, especialmente aquelas relacionadas à história da escravidão e à identidade negra. Concluímos que o filme "Quanto Vale ou é por um quilo?" oferece uma contribuição valiosa para o entendimento e a conscientização sobre essas questões complexas, incentivando o público a refletir sobre a necessidade contínua de combater a escravidão moderna e promover a equidade.
Relacja Chin i Kambodży jako przykład klientelizmu międzynarodowego
Authors: Tarała Sebastian Tomasz
Published: February 2025

Od wydarzeń z lipca 1997 r., kiedy to Kambodżańska Partia Ludowa dokonała przewrotu wojskowego i pokonała dotychczas współrządzącą z nią partięFUNCINPEC, relacje z Chinami stały się dla nowego reżimu istotnym elementem dla jego przetrwania. Chińskie wsparcie pozwoliło na ochronę rządu przed naciskami w zakresie praw człowieka, korupcji i nadużywania władzy oraz dało potrzebną mu wówczas przestrzeń polityczną i gospodarczą. Od tamtego czasu widoczne jest coraz większe i wielowymiarowe uzależnienie Kambodży od ChRL, które rodzi pytania o faktyczny charakter tej relacji. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu analizę stosunków bilateralnych pomiędzy Chinami a Kambodżą przez pryzmat teorii układu patron–klient w stosunkach międzynarodowych. Autor przedstawia w nim dotychczasowy przebieg współpracy obu państw na polu militarnym i politycznym, odnosząc ją do teorii klientelizmu. Wskazuje w nim również na główne motywy przyświecające współpracy obu państw, argumentując, że charakterystyczny dla stosunków patronalno-klientelistycznych „transfer bezpieczeństwa” odbywa się przede wszystkim w odniesieniu do bezpieczeństwa reżimu (polityki wewnętrznej) słabszego partnera niż wymiaru stricte militarnego.
Efficacy of Some Insecticides against Root Grubs (Holotrichia sps) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Groundnut
Authors: Rao A. Ramakrishna , Harathi P.N. , Devaki K. , Krishna T. Murali , Chandrayudu E. , Manjula K. , John K.
Published: February 2025

Background: Root grub is the most destructive soil pests, causing damage in groundnut crop immediately after germination. Younger grubs feed on fine rootlets and the later grub stages feed on both roots and pods. Varying degrees of wilting and death of the plants is the usual symptoms of damage. The damaged plants can be pulled out easily. The infestation occurs as ‘patchy appearance’ of dead plants in the field. Methods: A trial was conducted to manage the root grubs in groundnut crop during kharif 2018 to 2020 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati Andhra Pradesh, India. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with nine treatments including untreated control and replicated thrice to determine the suitable insecticide against root grubs in groundnut. The number of grubs per square meter area, per cent mortality of the plants in each treatment and pod yields were recorded. Result: The results revealed that the root grub incidence in groundnut crop as well as the plant mortality was nil in the treatments with seed treated with Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 2 ml + 4 ml of water/kg seed and furrow application of Carbofuran 3 G @ 33 kg/ha before sowing. The highest yield was recorded in seed treatment with Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 2 ml + 4 ml of water/kg seed followed by furrow application of Carbofuran 3 G @ 33 kg/ha before sowing. These treatments can be recommended to protect groundnut crop in the initial stages of growth.
Determinación de valores hematológicos y bioquímicos en monos aulladores (Alouatta seniculus) en un centro de rescate en Madre de Dios
Authors:   , Benites Baez Anais
Published: February 2025

Los parámetros hematológicos y de bioquímica sanguínea son de suma importancia para la determinación del estado de salud de una población de primates silvestres, desafortunadamente en nuestro país esta información es muy escasa, por lo que todo estudio de sanidad en poblaciones de primates brinda información valiosa y más aún en una especie en estado vulnerable como el mono aullador rojo (Alouatta seniculus). La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar los parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos en muestras sanguíneas de Alouatta seniculus (mono aullador rojo) mantenidos en cautiverio en la región de Madre de Dios-Perú. Se recolectaron muestras de 19 primates (8 juveniles y 11 adultos) del “Centro de Rehabilitación y Conservación de Animales Silvestres” de la ONG Amazon Shelter, ubicados en la provincia de Tambopata de dicha región. Los animales fueron capturados mediante contención física y posteriormente sedados para la colecta de las muestras, utilizando a la vena femoral interna como vaso sanguíneo de elección. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los valores de monocitos absolutos, aspartato transaminasa, fosfatasa alcalina y úrea en relación al grupo etario (jóvenes y adultos). En los individuos jóvenes, los valores de neutrófilos, linfocitos, fosfatasa alcalina y proteínas totales mostraron diferencias significativas en relación al sexo del primate. Asimismo, los valores hematológicos y bioquímicos en los especímenes adultos no evidenciaron diferencias significativas.
Gestión empresarial y emprendimiento sostenible de una empresa del rubro agrícola (Lima-Perú), 2024
Authors:   , Morales Alarcon Enedina Priscila
Published: February 2025

La pesquisa tuvo como intención general escudriñar la interrelación entre la gestión empresarial y el emprendimiento sostenible en una compañía del rubro agrícola. La orientación metodológica seleccionada se distinguió por un abordaje cuantitativo de naturaleza no experimental, concretamente un diseño transeccional de índole correlacional-causal. El universo poblacional comprendió a los colaboradores administrativos y operarios de la compañía, seleccionándose una muestra de 30 colaboradores. A través de un riguroso análisis, se obtuvieron datos relevantes sobre las variables de gestión empresarial y emprendimiento sostenible. Los hallazgos evidenciaron la existencia de una asociación estadísticamente significativa y positiva entre ambos constructos, lo cual se confirma valiéndose del coeficiente de correlación obtenido (R de Pearson=0.867). Estos hallazgos avalan la legitimidad de la hipótesis alterna, la cual sostiene la constatación de una conexión positiva entre la gestión empresarial y el emprendimiento sostenible en la organización estudiada.
Análisis de elementos finitos para el campo eléctrico y magnético en subestaciones eléctricas
Authors: Sosapanta Salas Joseph
Published: February 2025

En este documento se presenta la solución de campo eléctrico y magnético, empleando el método de los elementos finitos para el caso de una subestación eléctrica de 110 kV. Esta subestación tiene la particularidad de contar con varias terrazas, lo cual implica que los resultados se presentan por tramos para la evaluación de los requerimientos normativos. A partir de simulaciones realizadas mediante el programa COMSOL Multiphysics, se encontró que los resultados de campo eléctrico y magnético para la subestación bajo estudio, se encuentran por debajo de los valores límite de exposición de campos electromagnéticos establecidos por la normatividad pertinente.
A Study on the Impact of Public Perception of Procedural Justice on Support for Police Investigative Authority
Authors:   Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice, Oh Kyu-Chul
Published: February 2025

Following the 2020 amendment to the Criminal Procedure Act, the investigative authority, which was previously concentrated with prosecutors, has been adjusted. This adjustment has significantly expanded the primary investigative authority and autonomy of the police, and granted them the authority to not forward cases, thereby allowing the police to secure part of the investigative conclusion authority. The exercise of investigative authority, particularly within the criminal justice system, is a process of imposing the state's punitive power, which strongly restricts freedom and rights. It also has a strong procedural nature in terms of realizing criminal procedure in practice. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure procedural legitimacy along with substantive justice and to comply with the rule of law as stipulated in the Constitution. This legitimacy can be evaluated through the trust and support of citizens. This study aims to empirically verify the extent to which the public expects and demands procedural justice in the exercise of police investigative authority, and how this perception affects support for police investigative authority and conclusion authority. Based on theoretical and criminal justice law grounds for procedural justice, the study collected and restructured public perception survey data on investigative structure reform for analysis and discussion.
The study results indicate that both public expectations and demands for procedural justice significantly influence support for police investigative autonomy. In the case of support for investigative conclusion authority, procedural expectations were found to have a significant impact. Based on these results, the study suggests that, in addition to adhering to procedural limits according to legal principles, it is necessary to improve procedural attitudes towards counterparts, enhance police investigative expertise through the expansion and strengthening of professional personnel and education, and maintain and strengthen the fairness and neutrality of police investigative authority through legal and institutional improvements.
Bots Election: Unveiling the complex network of social botnets
Authors: Bigdeli Parsa , Moradi Parham , Jafari Reza
Published: February 2025

With the exponential growth of bots surpassing the near saturation of genuine users, a large socio-bot network has emerged. Botnets have evolved to exhibit significant social properties through their interactions with humans. This structure has empowered bots with capabilities that cannot be observed locally. Hence, as a novel paradigm, this study advocates examining bots as a complex network akin to human social networks. As an exemplar, in our study on Farsi Twitter users during Iran’s 2021 presidential election, 71.2% of the users were identified as bots. By isolating the botnet, we analyzed the distinctions between bots and genuine users within complex networks, revealing a more robust, efficient, and controllable structure for information dissemination. To explore how following and retweeting actions influence each other, we classified bots based on their actions and examined the roles of each classification, the differences between the functional and structural core, observing while the functional-core bots facilitate the botnets’ percolation, the non-common bots alter the mechanisms of networks. Additionally, we observed how the activity of bots is limited within both the functional core and the entire system. Politically, our findings indicated that despite the candidates’ use of bot accounts, political figures did not play a crucial role in controlling the botnet. We further explored the interactions between opposing political preferences and the role of bots with no preferences in bridging political divides and forming echo chambers.
Navigating uncertainties in RT-qPCR and plaque assay for infectivity assessment of norovirus
Authors: Mirmahdi Razieh Sadat , Dicker Samantha L. , Garba Yusuf Nuradeen , Montazeri Naim
Published: February 2025

Human norovirus (hNoV) is the primary cause of gastroenteritis globally. Due to the lack of a reliable cultivation system, RT-qPCR is a gold standard technique for detection and quantification of hNoV. However, the inability of PCR to differentiate between infectious from non-infectious particles remains a significant limitation. This study aims to address this limitation by exploring the relationship between culture-based (plaque assay and TCID50) and non-culture based (RT-qPCR) methods for hNoV quantification, using Tulane virus as a surrogate. The Ultracentrifuge-purified Tulane virus at 6.7 log10 PFU/ml or 5.8 log10 TCID50/ml in Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 7.2), was serially diluted and subjected to RNA extraction, with or without RNase pre-treatment, followed by quantification using RT-qPCR. Further physical characterization of the stock was performed with dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. A strong correlation (Pearson's Correlation Coefficient of 0.99) was observed between log10 genome copies (GC) and log10 plaque forming units (PFU) per PCR reaction for both RNase-treated and untreated samples. Beta distribution analysis indicated a similar median GC:PFU ratio of ca. 3.7 log10 for both RNase-treated and untreated samples. The high GC:PFU ratio may indicate the sensitive nature of RT-qPCR. The outcomes of this study will contribute to the more accurate estimation of infectious norovirus particles in food and environmental matrices.
Efficacy of Fully Covered Self-Expanding Metal Stents Removal versus Stent- in-Stent Techniques in Recurrent Malignant Distal Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Lee See Young , Jang Sung Ill , Kim Eui Joo , Lee Dong Ki , Seong Yeseul , Jo Jung Hyun , Jung Chan Min , Lee Hyun Seok , Cho In Rae , Paik Woo Hyun , Ryu Ji Kon , Lee Sang Hyub , Cho Jae Hee
Published: February 2025

Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMSs) are widely used in managing malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO). However, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) has become a significant challenge due to improved patient survival with advanced chemotherapy. This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated revision techniques for FCSEMS dysfunction in 159 patients with MDBO initially treated with FCSEMSs. Patients were categorized into four groups based on the revision method: stent exchange with self-expandable metal stents (SEMS, n=53) or plastic stents (n=23), and stent-in-stent placement with SEMS (n=51) or plastic stents (n=32). All procedures achieved 100% technical and clinical success. The primary time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO) showed no significant difference among the groups (mean: 142 days, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 121–164 days). However, secondary TRBO differed significantly (p=0.014): 161 days (SEMS, stent exchange), 53 days (plastic stent, stent exchange), 104 days (SEMS, stent-in-stent), and 67 days (plastic stent, stent-in-stent). Multivariate analysis revealed that stent-in-stent placement with SEMS increased the risk of RBO compared to SEMS stent exchange (hazard ratio [HR]: 6.84, 95% CI: 1.89–22.55, p=0.003). Additionally, revision within 180 days was associated with a higher risk of RBO (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.10–2.86, p=0.019). Overall survival was comparable across all groups. These findings suggest that SEMS stent exchange after FCSEMS removal is an effective revision method for RBO in MDBO, providing improved secondary stent patency without increasing adverse events or affecting overall survival.
Metabolic Parameters on Baseline and Early [18F]FDG PET/CT as a Predictive Biomarker for Resistance to BRAF/MEK Inhibition in Advanced Cutaneous BRAFV600-mutated Melanoma
Authors: Hiel Bernies van der , Veen Berlinda J. de Wit - van der , Eertwegh Alfons J.M. van den , Vogel Wouter V. , Stokkel Marcel P.M. , Lopez-Yurda Marta , Boellaard Ronald , Kapiteijn Ellen W. , Hospers Geke A.P. , Aarts Maureen J.B. , de Vos Filip Y.F.L. , Boers-Sonderen Marye J. , Veldt Astrid A.M. van der , de Groot Jan Willem B. , Haanen John B.A.G.
Published: February 2025

Background: [18F]FDG PET/CT plays a crucial role in evaluating cancer patients and assessing treatment response, including in BRAF-mutated melanoma. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) have emerged as promising alternatives to standardized uptake value (SUV)-based measures for tumor assessment. This study evaluates the predictive value of SUVpeak, MTV, and TLG in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced BRAF-mutated melanoma treated with BRAF/MEK inhibitors.
Results: Seventy-five patients with metastatic melanoma were enrolled in a multi-center trial and treated with vemurafenib/cobimetinib. [18F]FDG-PET/CT scans were performed at baseline, week-2, and week-7. Imaging analysis included SUVpeak, MTV, and TLG of summed metastases, as well as percentage changes over time (∆). Baseline median PET-parameters were SUVpeak 12.59 (range 3.13-50.59), MTV 159mL (range 0-1897 mL), and TLG 1013 (range 1-13162). MTV had the highest predictive performance for risk of progression (AUCT=6 months=0.714). Patients with TLG below the median had significantly prolonged PFS (15.4 vs. 8.5 months, P=0.024). MTV above optimal cutoff (45.3 mL) was associated with an increased risk of progression/death, even after adjusting for LDH, ECOG status, and metastatic sites (HR=2.97, 95% CI 1.17-7.52, P=0.022).
At week-7, ∆SUVpeak% was predictive (median ∆SUVpeak%: 64); PFS was 5.0 months (95% CI: 4.3-NA) for patients below the median versus 14.7 months (95% CI: 9.2-20.2) for those above or with non-quantifiable scans (P=0.0002). Median ∆MTV was 95.5% at week-2 and 97.6% at week-7, with significant PFS differences at both time points (week-2: P=0.020, week-7: P<0.001). TLG mirrored MTV. Patients with MTV increases at week-7 after an initial response at week-2 had a median PFS of 5.3 vs. 12.6 months for those with stable or declining MTV (P=0.0023).
Conclusion: This study supports the use of MTV and TLG as robust predictive markers for PFS in advanced melanoma treated with BRAF/MEK-inhibitors. Monitoring early PET parameters changes can provide valuable insights into therapeutic response and disease progression.
Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02414750. Registered 10 April 2015, retrospectively registered.
The Role of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in Predicting Adverse Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Xin-Lou , Yu Zheng-Hao , Zhou Wu-Hong , Bai Yan-Ling , Liu Bo-Wei , Zhang Xiao-Ming , Li Huan , Li Jia-Xi , Ma Cheng-Xue , Du Ming-Mei , Liu Yun-Xi , Liu Meng-Lin , Yao Hong-Wu
Published: February 2025

Background: Nutritional deficiencies have been associated with the high prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which is particularly severe in elderly patients. The adverse effects of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in elderly patients are severe when it occurs. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), specifically designed for the elderly, itsprediction value of adverse outcomes of BSIs patients is unclear.
Methods: We conducted a two-year retrospective study in a large Chinese tertiary hospital, collecting surveillance data on patients with bloodstream infections (BSI). We utilized descriptive analysis to delineate the demographic and clinical characteristics of BSI patients across different GNRI levels. The relationship between GNRI and mortality in BSI patients was investigated using logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.
Results: From 2020-2021, a total of 464 patients with BSI were identified. Among them, 203 (43.8%) were no risk, 70 (15.1%) at low risk, 118 (25.4%) at moderate risk and 73 (15.7%) at major risk for nutrition-related complications based on the GNRI classification of. Patients whose GNRI at higher risk had longer length of hospital stay (P< 0.001) and higher mortality (P< 0.001). After adjusting for other covariates by multivariate logistic regression analysis, GNRI at major risk (GNRI< 82) [odds ratio (OR): 3.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52-6.58; P= 0.002] and GNRI at moderate risk (82 to <92) (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.00-3.62; P= 0.049) were associated with increased risk for mortality in patients with BSI, while GNRI score (per unit increase) had a protective effect (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.98; P= 0.001). Furthermore, the RCS analysis shown that the risk of mortality decreased as GNRI scores increased and gradually became stable at GNRI scores above 96-98.
Conclusions: There is an association between GNRI and mortality in patients with BSI. For those patients with a lower GNRI, clinicians need to provide more timely and rational nutritional intervention to reduce mortality.
Multi-index retrospective analysis of eosinophilic pleural effusion
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yuan Xu , Huang Ming , Fang Benli , Li Guo , Zhang Hongbo
Published: February 2025

Background:Eosinophilic pleural fluid is a unique type of pleural fluid, the causes of which need to be further studied. In this study, a number of test indicators were collected to understand the characteristics of eosinophilic pleural effusion to better analyze eosinophilic pleural effusion and provide useful information for clinical practice.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed by examining the medical records of 2769 patients with pleural fluid (PE) from September 2013 to January 2024. Blood routine, blood biochemistry, coagulation, pleural fluid routine, and pleural fluid biochemistry data of these patients were collected and analyzed. At the same time, 9 categories of etiologies of eosinophilic pleural effusion were classified, and their characteristics were analyzed.
Results: When 2769 cases of pleural effusion were examined and categorized, 461 cases ofeosinophilic pleural effusion (EPE) were identified. Among these EPE cases, 213 were associated with tumors, with lung cancer constituting 63.85% of these tumors, thus emerging as the primary cause of EPE. Furthermore, among the EPE patients, indicators such as D-D, TT, ALP, TBIL, GGT, GLU, LDH, PB-WBC, PB-LYM, PB-PLT, PF-WBC, PF-NEU, PF-MON, ALT, and AST did not significantly differ (p value>0.05), whereas other indicators did. Within the EPE group, the parasitic subgroup had the highest median levels of PB-EOS% and PF-EOS% across the nine etiological categories. When comparing EPE with non-EPE (n-EPE), in addition to FIB, UA, PF-RBC, ADA, and ALT, which were not significantly different, theother indicators were significantly different. In the correlation analysis, 11 sets of data within the EPE group had correlation coefficients with absolute values greater than 0.6. By applying an 8% threshold for PB-EOS%, the 461 cases of EPE were divided into two groups, revealing significant differences in Age, D-D, TP, PF-TP, UA, ALB, PF-ALB, PF-LDH, PB-WBC, PB-NEU, PB-EOS%, PB-RBC, PB-HCT, PF-WBC, PF-EOS%, PF-LYM, and ADA.
Conclusions: Lung cancer is the main cause of eosinophilic pleural effusion, but parasitic infection is the most prominent factor influencing the percentage of eosinophils in the pleural fluid (PF-EOS%). The theory of eosinophilic pleural effusion needs to be further refined and enriched to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Comprehensive analysis of Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders with Early Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tanariyakul Manasawee , Wannaphut Chalothorn , Takahashi Toshiaki , Nakasone Ryon , Acoba Jared
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Rates of early-onset colorectal cancers (EOCRC) are increasing in Hawaii across all racial groups. Previous studies have shown that Native Hawaiians have a higher mortality rate compared to other racial groups, however these studies only performed limited adjustments for sociodemographic factors. Our objective is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of outcomes among patients with EOCRC in a racially diverse population accounting for tumor factors and patient sociodemographics.
Method
Data were abstracted for patients under the age of 50 years diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2000 and 2022 in Hawaii. Overall survival of Asians, Whites, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards regression models were created to assess predictors of survival adjusting for clinical and pathological factors.
Results
A total of 379 patients were included in the final analysis. NHOPI patients more often had Medicaid or were uninsured and their cancers had a higher histopathology grade compared to White and Asian groups. In the unadjusted Cox regression model, NHOPI race, insurance status, grade, and stage were prognostic for survival. However, after adjusting for confounders, having Medicaid or being uninsured, grade, and stage remained prognostic factors, but race was not significantly associated with survival.
Conclusion
This study concludes that while NHOPI patients with EOCRC demonstrated poorer survival compared to other racial groups, this disparity was largely explained by the large percentage of Medicaid and uninsured NHOPI patients. This study emphasizes the importance of addressing disparities in treatment access and utilization to improve outcomes.
Metabolite Signatures and Their Mediation Effects on the Relationship Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and MASLD Progression
Authors: Wang Kai , Xiang Shijian , He Qiangsheng , Huang Chumei , Yang Zhen , Li Renjie , Liu Anran , Cai Ruisheng , Mi Ningning , Liang Zixin , Xu Zuofeng , Yuan Jinqiu , Xia Bin
Published: February 2025

Background Mediterranean Diet (MED) is recommended for managing patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). However, the potential metabolic changes involved in this relationship remain unclear. This study aims to investigate how metabolic biomarkers mediate the association between MED adherence and liver-related events (LRE) and mortality in patients with MASLD.Methods We performed a prospective analysis using UK Biobank data, including 47,429 MASLD participants free of LRE at baseline. MED adherence was assessed as alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score through a validated questionnaire covering 206 foods and 32 beverages. Metabolic biomarkers were measured using high-throughput nucleic magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Cox regression and restricted cubic splines assessed the association of aMED, its components, with risk of LRE and mortality. Mediation analysis evaluated the role of metabolites in the relationship between aMED, its components, and MASLD progression.Results Over a median follow-up of 13.3 years, 296 LRE cases and 3,616 deaths occurred. Higher aMED scores (6–9) were associated with lower risks of LRE (HR: 0.553, 95% CI: 0.351–0.874) and mortality (HR: 0.854, 95% CI: 0.762–0.956) compared to the lowest scores (0–3). Linear dose-response relationships were observed for both LRE incidence (Pnonlinear = 0.91) and mortality (Pnonlinear = 0.07). Certain aMED components, including vegetables and legumes, were associated with a reduced risk of LRE, while vegetables, nuts, fish, the MUFA:SFA ratio, and moderate alcohol intake were linked to lower mortality risk. Of 143 metabolites, 46 were significantly associated with aMED. Positive associations included very large HDL particles (n = 3), unsaturated fatty acids (n = 8), albumin, and acetate, while negative associations were found with large VLDL (n = 11), small and middle HDL (n = 13), saturated fatty acids (n = 2), Apo-AI, and creatinine. Five aMED-related lipid metabolites were negatively associated with LRE, while five were positively linked to mortality. Mediation analysis revealed that omega-3 fatty acids, the omega-3 to total fatty acid ratio, and albumin accounted for 7.9%, 11.9%, and 2.6% of the reduction in LRE, and 19.4%, 23.1%, and 4.7% of the mitigation in mortality, respectively.Conclusions Adherence to MED is linked to reduced LRE risk and mortality in MASLD patients. Metabolic biomarkers such as small HDL particles and omega-3 fatty acids may mitigate MASLD progression.