bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Government as Landscape Designer: A Behavioral View of Industrial Policy
Authors: Li Cha , Csaszar Felipe A.
Published: June 2019

The strategic management literature has built rich and behaviorally plausible models of firms, yet the industrial policy literature has overlooked nuances in firm behavior. This paper bridges these two literatures by incorporating increased micro-level realism to examine how industrial policy affects firms. More specifically, we develop a formal model to study how commonly held results on the effects of two prominent types of industrial policy—regulations and incentives—change when we account for the behavioral aspects considered in strategic management. We specify conditions under which, contra results in the industrial policy literature: (i) policy instability can be beneficial (through what we term the “training” and “dislodging” effects) and (ii) firm performance can benefit from the industrial policy of a government with limited ability for identifying and enacting optimal policies. We also show how environmental complexity, an understudied factor in that literature, is a strong moderator of the effect of industrial policy. Managers can use these results to devise better means of coping with and leveraging the effects of industrial policy. Our findings also have implications for organizational search and R&D governance.
Some legal problems surrounding psychosurgery
Authors: Finch John
Published: June 2019

In this article John Finch considers the history of psychosurgery. He has written widely on law and ethics in clinical practice, and chaired the Mental Health Act Commission's committee on treatments of special concern.
County lines: The role school nurses can play
Authors: Plastow Liz , Finlay Fiona , Williams Alessandra Glover
Published: June 2019

County lines is a substantial safeguarding issue and it is essential that professionals working with children and young people are knowledgeable about it. This article looks at the crucial role school nurses can play as part of a multi-agency effort to tackle the issue.
Bringing eye care for children with learning disabilities and autism into special schools
Authors: O'Brien Donna
Published: June 2019

Children with learning disabilities are more likely to experience eye and vision problems and yet many are not accessing eye care. In January 2019, the NHS Long-Term Plan for England pledged to introduce dental, hearing and sight checks in special schools to address some of these health inequalities.
Exploring the role of school nurses in the prevention and management of childhood obesity
Authors: Dawe Natasha , Coward Melaine
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

The aim of this study is to explore the role of school nurses in the management and prevention of childhood obesity in primary school-aged children.

Study design:

The chosen paradigm for this research was qualitative and the methodology applied here was Participatory Action Research. A non-probability sample was recruited using pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Methods:

Focus groups were used as their reflective nature enabled rich in-depth data collection to answer the research question. Two focus groups and one virtual focus group were held.

Results:

The findings from this research show that although school nurses feel they have a role in the prevention and management of childhood obesity in primary school-aged children they face several barriers in being able to achieve this.

Conclusions:

This research has highlighted a gap in the literature regarding the perception of the school nurse role by school nurses as well as by teachers and parents. This is an area where further study may have a positive impact on school nurses' ability to play a more leading role in public health.
‘Out of the box’: A child-led emotional wellbeing project
Authors: Thrupp Eve
Published: June 2019

Sometimes thinking outside the ‘box’ can help develop creative solutions by looking at situations from another point of view. Eve Thrupp shares her experience of developing a child-led intervention aimed at improving emotional resilience in primary school-aged children.
Supporting teenagers with panic disorder
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: June 2019

Panic disorder is most likely to develop in mid-adolescence and the condition is often comorbid with other mental health problems. This month, Stephanie Thornton looks at strategies to support students with panic disorder and those experiencing a panic attack.
The genetics of isolated and syndromic clubfoot
Authors: Sadler B. , Gurnett C. A. , Dobbs M. B.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Congenital clubfoot is a serious birth defect that affects nearly 0.1% of all births. Though there is strong evidence for a genetic basis of isolated clubfoot, aside from a handful of associations, much of the heritability remains unexplained.

Methods

By systematically examining the genes involved in syndromic clubfoot, we may find new candidate genes and pathways to investigate in isolated clubfoot.

Results

In addition to the expected enrichment of extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling genes, we find many genes involved in syndromic clubfoot encode peroxisomal matrix proteins, as well as enzymes necessary for sulfation of proteoglycans, an important part of connective tissue. Further, the association of Filamin B with isolated clubfoot as well as syndromic clubfoot is an encouraging finding.

Conclusion

We should examine these categories for enrichment in isolated clubfoot patients to increase our understanding of the underlying biology and pathophysiology of this deformity. Understanding the spectrum of syndromes that have clubfoot as a feature enables a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder and directs future genetic screening efforts toward certain genes and genetic pathways.

Level of evidence

V
Challenging clubfeet: The arthrogrypotic clubfoot and the complex clubfoot
Authors: van Bosse H. J. P.
Published: June 2019

Within the realm of clubfoot deformities, teratologic and complex (or atypical) clubfeet stand out as the most difficult. Exemplarities of the teratologic types of clubfoot are those associated with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.

Treatment of arthrogrypotic clubfoot deformities has been controversial; many different procedures have been advocated, with variable success rates. These clubfeet have a high recurrence rate, regardless of treatment type. Often, the high recurrence rate has led to a high repeat surgery rate, and poor outcomes. Treatment strategies should highlight care that avoids the development of a stiffened foot and allows for a variety of options to regain correction when a relapse occurs. Modifications of the Ponseti method for idiopathic clubfeet have been successful in managing the deformity. The equinocavus variant of the arthrogrypotic clubfoot should be distinguished from the classic clubfoot, as it requires a different treatment method. The equinocavus clubfoot is very similar to the complex or atypical clubfoot.

The complex, or atypical, clubfoot also requires a different treatment strategy compared with the typical idiopathic congenital clubfoot. The complex clubfoot appears to be idiopathic in some cases and iatrogenic (due to slipping stretching casts) in others. Dr. Ponseti's modification of his protocol has been effective in treating the deformity. The high recurrence rate suggests the difficulty in maintaining the deformity after correction. The author's preferred treatment for each deformity is included, with an emphasis on minimally invasive methods.

Level of Evidence

Level V, expert opinion
Additional challenges in children with idiopathic clubfoot: Is it just the foot?
Authors: Lööf E.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Treatment of idiopathic clubfoot (IC) has improved since the introduction of the Ponseti method. However, relapses are still common and primarily related to non-adherence to the brace regime. Our hypothesis was that IC might be more than just a structural deformity. Based on three studies, the aim of this paper was to provide an overview of findings regarding additional challenges within IC.

Methods

In total, 153 children with IC and 137 control children participated in the studies. The first study assessed gross motor skills in six motor tasks using the Clubfoot Assessment Protocol. The second and third studies surveyed neurodevelopmental difficulties (NDDs) using the Five to Fifteen (FTF) questionnaire and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the EuroQol-5D youth.

Results

A high percentage of gross motor deviations were found in children with IC compared with controls, and those correlated poorly with clubfoot severity and foot movement. Children with IC had a higher prevalence of NDDs on the FTF compared with the control group, including the domains: motor skills, perception and language. One-third of children with IC were defined as at risk of developmental disorders. In this subgroup, parents were less satisfied with the outcome of clubfoot treatment and the children reported worse HRQoL than those without NDDs.

Conclusion

The findings suggest additional challenges in children with IC, such as NDDs, apparently affecting both clubfoot treatment outcome and HRQoL. Thus, awareness of these challenges could be vital to further optimize treatment and support, for example, with regards to brace adherence.

Level of Evidence

II - Prognostic study
Sugarcane Cutting Quality Using Contra-Rotating Basecutters
Authors: Wang Fenglei , Zhang Wanhao , Di Mingli , Wu Xiuheng , Song Zhenghe , Xie Bin , Yang Guangyou , Ma Shaochun
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The basecutter is a key component of a sugarcane harvester, and its performance affects cane basecutting quality. This quality is an important indicator of harvester performance because good cutting quality can reduce cane loss and maintain high cane yield in the following year. However, the available basecutters of traditional harvesters have various problems, such as a high stubble damage rate and cane loss, which impede high-performance harvester development and thereby hinder mechanization of the entire sugarcane production process in China. In this study, a contra-rotating basecutter is proposed based on the support-cutting theory. The technological deficiency of available basecutters was confirmed using a laboratory-based cutting platform. A series of lab cutting tests using a quadratic regression revolution design were performed to compare the contra-rotating basecutter to a traditional basecutter with free cutting. Varying cutting qualities with different disc rotational speeds, cane stalk feed rates, disc tilt angles, and numbers of blades were also investigated. The optimal parameters obtained by regression analysis were verified with lab cutting tests and high-speed photographic analysis. Based on the results, the contra-rotating basecutter has a lower stubble damage rate than the traditional basecutter and can improve cutting quality. Additionally, the results indicated that the optimal parameters of the contra-rotating basecutter are a disc rotational speed of 550 rpm, a cane stalk feed rate of 0.5 m s-1, five blades, and a disc tilt angle of 0°. With the establishment of these optimal parameters, the stubble damage rate of the contra-rotating basecutter was 15%, which was much lower than that of the traditional basecutter (25%). Keywords: Cutting platform, Quadratic regression revolution design, Stubble damage, Support-cutting theory, Traditional basecutter with free cutting.
Virtual Model of Grip-and-Cut Picking for Simulation of Vibration and Falling of Grape Clusters
Authors: Liu Jizhan , Yuan Yan , Gao Yang , Tang Shanqi , Li Zhiguo
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Current robotic prototypes mainly harvest fruit clusters by gripping and cutting the main rachis. However, severe cluster vibration and fruit falling may occur during speedy harvesting. Determining the characteristics of this vibration and falling is important to achieve optimal control in robotic harvesting. Therefore, a virtual grip-and-cut model of cluster picking was developed, and corresponding cluster vibration and fruit falling simulations were performed for robotic harvesting. Multi-property finite element modeling of the main rachis was based on measurements of the rachis compression, shearing, and bending properties. A simulation model of cluster vibration was then built and combined with an end-effector model to obtain a virtual model of grip-and-cut cluster picking. The 3D vibration simulation model of a fruit cluster coupled with the grip-and-cut end-effector model effectively characterized the complex vibration in multilevel and multicomponent fruit clusters with individual diversity of the components’ properties. With the virtual model for cluster picking, dynamic interactive simulation can be realized of the fruit cluster and the grip-and-cut end-effector. Experiments verified that the average deviation of the average swing angle and fruit falling ratio were 6.09% and 8.71%, respectively. Furthermore, the finger-rachis deviation and grip-and-cut speed had a significant influence on the swing angle and fruit falling ratio. The 3D vibration simulation model of a fruit cluster and the virtual model of cluster picking are useful tools for virtual analysis and design of robotic harvesters. Keywords: Falling, Fruit cluster, Harvesting, Robot, Simulation, Vibration.
Concentrations and Distributions of Airborne Bacteria Inside and Downwind of a Growing Swine Building in China
Authors: Tao Xiuping , Shang Bin , Dong Hongmin , Chen Yongxing , Xin Hongwei
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Bioaerosols from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) pose potential adverse effects on the health and well-being of animals, workers, and the general public. Consequently, the topic of characterizing and mitigating bioaerosols associated with CAFOs continues to draw attention as the scale of animal production increases, especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to quantify indoor and downwind concentrations of airborne bacteria, including total bacterial count (TBC), , , and , of a mechanically ventilated growing swine barn (210-head capacity) in suburban Beijing, China. The results revealed that the indoor airborne bacterial levels averaged 1.96 × 104 ±3.08 × 103 colony forming units (CFU) m-3 for TBC, 2.29 × 103 ±5.04 × 102 CFU m-3 for , 1.44 × 104 ±1.59 × 103 CFU m-3 for , and 9.16 × 103 ±1.11 × 103 CFU m-3 for . The airborne microbe concentrations decreased with distance downwind of the swine barn. Specifically, at 10 m downwind, concentration decreased by more than 60%, while the other microorganisms decreased by 30% to 40%. All the bioaerosol microbes decreased by 55% to 70% at 30 m downwind. The relationships between the airborne bacterial concentration and downwind distance were depicted graphically and through linear regression equations. Keywords: Bioaerosols, Emissions, Intensive swine production, Microorganisms.
Hybrid Symbolic Regression with the Bison Seeker Algorithm
Authors: Merta Jan
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on the use of the Bison Seeker Algorithm (BSA) in a hybrid genetic programming approach for the supervised machine learning method called symbolic regression. While the basic version of symbolic regression optimizes both the model structure and its parameters, the hybrid version can use genetic programming to find the model structure. Consequently, local learning is used to tune model parameters. Such tuning of parameters represents the lifetime adaptation of individuals. This paper aims to compare the basic version of symbolic regression and hybrid version with the lifetime adaptation of individuals via the Bison Seeker Algorithm. Author also investigates the influence of the Bison Seeker Algorithm on the rate of evolution in the search for function, which fits the given input-output data. The results of the current study support the fact that the local algorithm accelerates evolution, even with a few iterations of a Bison Seeker Algorithm with small populations.
Efficient Computation of Fitness Function for Evolutionary Clustering
Authors: Muravyov Sergey , Antipov Denis , Buzdalova Arina , Filchenkov Andrey
Published: June 2019

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are random search heuristics which can solve various optimization problems. There are plenty of papers describing different approaches developed to apply evolutionary algorithms to the clustering problem, although none of them addressed the problem of fitness function computation. In clustering, many clustering validity indices exist that are designed to evaluate quality of resulting points partition. It is hard to use them as a fitness function due to their computational complexity. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for iterative computation of clustering validity indices which makes application of the EAs to this problem much more appropriate than it was before.
‘Four Times Love’ and the making of the Nordic welfare state
Authors: Laine Kimmo
Published: June 2019

This article focuses on ‘Four Times Love’ (Faustman and Jacobsen, 1951), the first feature film produced by companies from four Nordic countries. As a transauthoral omnibus film, credited to two directors and several independently working scriptwriters, ‘Four Times Love’ has a reputation as an incoherent film. Indeed, the project started with only a relatively vague idea of a Swedish frame story and one protagonist connecting three episodes that take place in Finland, Denmark and Norway. As the script evolved, however, unifying themes central to the Nordic welfare state – concerning, for example, social equality and political neutrality – seem to have gained ground. The aim of this article is to read this film as a manifestation of such complementary ideas and ideals surrounding the then (re-)emerging Nordic welfare state system.
Thelma: Empathic engagement and the Norwegian horror cinema
Authors: Andresen Christer Bakke
Published: June 2019

Genre filmmaking has become very important in Norwegian cinema in the years since 2000, even to the point of certain art cinema directors like Joachim Trier creating types of horror movies. I argue that Trier’s intimate, subtle approach to the main character in his psychological horror film Thelma deepens and expands the experience of Norwegian horror.
The formation of the West German power metal scene and the question of a ‘Teutonic’ sound
Authors: Herbst Jan-Peter
Published: June 2019

Despite being one of the oldest and largest metal nations, little research on metal music from Germany exists. This article focuses on the formation of the West German power metal scene. This subgenre was one of the first to be played in Germany, and bands such as Helloween, Running Wild, Gamma Ray and Blind Guardian produced a characteristic German sound that was to become famous worldwide. Based on interviews with music producers, musicians, journalists and academics, this study analyses stylistic musical features of (German) power metal, the artists’ influences and their different aspirations for international success. The findings suggest that a characteristic German power metal sound emerged in the 1980s and 1990s that might be called ‘Teutonic’. Germany was amongst the first countries to burst out countless successful power metal bands before the genre spread to other parts of the world. No standards existed in those days, and production resources were limited and individual. This restricted infrastructure – the unique characteristics of a few recording studios along with the small circle of professional musicians, engineers and producers – has shaped the classic German power metal sound. With standardization of production resources, new techniques and consequences of globalization such as internationally operating record labels, American culture in public media and increased English language skills, these national characteristics gradually diminished.
Norms for pure desire
Authors: Verdejo Victor M.
Published: June 2019

According to a widespread, broadly Humean consensus, desires and other conative attitudes seem as such to be free from any normative constraints of rationality. However, rational subjects are also required to be attitude-coherent in ways that prima facie hold sway for desire. I here examine the plausibility of this idea by proposing several principlesfor coherent desire. These principles parallel principles for coherent belief and can be used to make a case for a kind of purely conative normativity. I consider several objections to a principle for consistent desiring and reply to them. I conclude that, if attitude-coherence is a mark of rationality, the broadly Humean consensus must be rejected.
O CONTEXTO PROFISSIONAL NOS CURSOS DE PEDAGOGIA A PARTIR DE UMA PERSPECTIVA INTEGRADA DA FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Felício Helena Maria dos Santos
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o significado que os contextos de atuação profissional assumem no processo de formação inicial dos professores, especificamente, nos cursos de Pedagogia do Brasil, tendo como referência uma perspectiva integrada da formação. De caráter qualitativo, analisamos os Projetos Pedagógicos dos referidos cursos por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, a partir de três indicadores: (a) concepção do contexto profissional; (b) relação estabelecida com o contexto profissional; e (c) construção de comunidades de práticas. Os resultados evidenciaram avanços no que diz respeito à concepção do contexto de atividade profissional e da relação estabelecida com o contexto de atividade profissional, embora sejam necessárias ações e iniciativas mais incisivas tanto da Universidade quanto das Escolas de Educação Básica, de modo que os futuros professores possam saber administrar os diferentes saberes, construídos em diferentes lugares.
Középiskolások és egyetemisták szociálisprobléma-megoldásának nem szerinti különbségei
Authors: Kasik László , Gál Zita , Jámbori Szilvia , Fejes József Balázs , Nagy Krisztina , Szabó Hangya Lilla
Published: June 2019

A longitudinális kutatás célja a szociálisprobléma-megoldás elsősorban nem szerinti jellemzőinek és különbségeinek vizsgálata volt 9–10. évfolyamos középiskolások és 1–2. éves egyetemisták körében. E különbségek mellett elemeztük az életkori sajátosságokat és azok változásait is. A problémamegoldás jellemzőinek mérésére az SPSI–R-t (Social Problem-Solving Inventory–Revised, D’Zurilla et al., 2004; Kasik et al., 2010) és a NEGORI-t (Negatív problémaorientáció, Kasik et al., 2018) alkalmaztuk. Mindkét mérőeszköz – akárcsak a korábbi elemzések során – e kutatásban is jó megbízhatósági mutatókkal rendelkezett. A szociálisprobléma-megoldás életkori változása jól tükrözi a korábbi hazai és nemzetközi kutatások tapasztalatait. A diákok körében nőtt a negatív viszonyulás és az elkerülés, míg az egyetemistáknál nincs jelentős változás. A negatív orientáció részletesebb (NEGORI-val történő) elemzése alátámasztotta az SPSI–R által mutatott változásokat a középiskolások esetében, ám az egyetemistáknál nem. A lányok és a fiúk között több területen van eltérés, mint a férfi és a női hallgatók között, utóbbiaknál az eltérések kevésbé stabilak. További kutatások szükségesek ahhoz, hogy a feltételezett környezeti hatástól függő változásról pontosabb képet tudjunk alkotni.
A kézírás és a gépírás összehasonlító vizsgálata a Mozgásjavító Általános Iskolában
Authors: Péntek-Dózsa Melinda , Séllei Beatrix
Published: June 2019

A kézírás az egyik legnehezebb, legfinomabban koordinált mozgásos teljesítmény. Digitális világunkban azonban a számítógépes szövegszerkesztés térhódításával egyre inkább felmerül a kézírás ismeretének szükségessége és a gépírás tanításának elsődlegessége a kézírással szemben Az olvashatatlan vagy fáradságos munkával járó kézírás negatívan befolyásolhatja az iskolai teljesítményt és a gyermekek önbecsülését. Mozgáskorlátozott gyermekek esetében, különösen finommotoros diszfunkcióval rendelkező gyermekek körében ez a kérdés még hangsúlyosabb. Megvizsgáltuk általános iskolás mozgáskorlátozott tanulók kézírási és gépírási teljesítményét másolási és diktálási feladatokban (n=123). Azt találtuk, hogy a tanulók kézfunkciója jelentősen befolyásolja a ceruzafogást és a gépelési módot, illetve a kézírás olvashatóságát, azonban a gépírás teljesítményével kevésbé függ össze (R²=22,8%, p=,024). A tanulók szignifikánsan gyorsabban írnak számítógéppel, mint kézírással (18,411 ≥ t ≥ 14,279; p= ,000, az átlagos különbség 3-400 graféma). Az is igaz, hogy azok a gyermekek, akik rosszabbul teljesítenek a kézírási feladatokban, a gépírási feladatokban is gyengébben teljesítenek, és így van ez fordítva is ( ,872 ≥ r ≥ ,744). A mozgáskorlátozott tanulók íráskészsége jelentősen elmarad a tipikusan fejlődő tanulók íráskészségétől. A hibákra vonatkozó eredmények pedig arra hívják fel a figyelmet, hogy a tanulók a helyesírási hibát azonnal észlelik, a számítógépes íráskor rögtön javítják is, de nem tudatosítják a hibajavítást és nem alkalmazzák kézíráskor; hiszen a kézírásos feladatokban szignifikánsan több hibát találtunk, mint a gépírási feladatokban.
Anomáliák a felsőoktatás-finanszírozásban
Authors: Polónyi István
Published: June 2019

A tanulmány a hazai felsőoktatás-finanszírozás néhány újabb történését vizsgálja meg, némi történelmi és nemzetközi kitekintéssel. Célja bemutatni azt, hogy a napjainkban tapasztalható anomáliák – mint például az újabb intézményi eladósodások és azok központi kisegítése (miközben a kancellári rendszer bevezetésével állítólag sikeres volt a felsőoktatás konszolidációja), elbocsátások egyes tudományegyetemeken, hirtelen tandíjemelés – mire vezethetők vissza.

Az írás megállapítja, hogy a hazai felsőoktatás elmúlt tíz évét az állami források beszűkülése mellett a finanszírozási rendszer átalakulása jellemezte. Nemzetközi összehasonlításban a hazai felsőoktatás kormányzati forrásai (az állami támogatások aránya a GDP-hez viszonyítva) jelentősen elmaradnak a fejlett országok átlagától. A mindezek nyomán kialakult intézményi gazdálkodási nehézségeket a kormány a kancellári rendszer bevezetésével – s ezzel együtt a gazdasági autonómia radikális és az akadémiai (oktatási és kutatási) autonómia vele járó nem jelentéktelen korlátozásával –, valamint eseti, kézzel vezérelt konszolidációs pénzosztogatással próbálta kezelni. Az intézmények kondicionális helyzete azonban tartósan rossz, ami nyilvánvalóan a minőség rovására megy, hiszen az intézmények az idősebb és tapasztaltabb oktatók elbocsátására kényszerülnek, és az oktatás feltételei is romlanak. Félő, hogy az állami források bővülése és a gazdálkodási szabadság kiszélesítése nélkül a helyzet tovább romlik. Egyre nyilvánvalóbban irreálissá válik a kormányzati stratégiának nevezett anyag azon célkitűzése, amely szerint minden magyar felsőoktatási intézmény világszínvonalú kell legyen azokban a diszciplínákban, amelyek a saját kiemelt területéhez tartoznak.
Информационное поле политики переселения соотечественников в постсоветской России (на материалах информационных ресурсов Алтайского края)
Authors: Безгачева Вероника Викторовна
Published: June 2019

Исследовательский подход основан на рассмотрении современной переселенческой политики как стимулирующего этапа непрерывного процесса 1990-2000-х гг. В 1990-е гг., в условиях концептуального рассмотрения переселения соотечественников в рамках вынужденной миграции, в качестве механизма формирования положительного образа использовалось представление переселенцев в качестве жертв военных действий или дискриминации в стране исхода. Концепция же «содействия добровольному переселению соотечественников» требует иного подхода при создании информационного поля. Данная статья посвящена определению соответствия информационного поля политики переселения соотечественников задаче формирования благоприятного отношения к переселенцам и политике содействия добровольному переселению в целом (на примере Алтайского края). Делается вывод о том, что недостаточное использование культурно-исторического дискурса сближает соотечественников как объекта государственной политики с трудовыми мигрантами. Учитывая тот факт, что информация об условиях участия в программе, в том числе в отношении льгот для переселенцев, не носит конкретного характера, а также принимая во внимание комментарии пользователей к рассматриваемым публикациям, можно говорить о негативном влиянии данного фактора на реализацию задачи благоприятного отношения к политике переселения соотечественников в регионе.
Ирано-туркменские отношения в XXI в.: эволюция и современное состояние
Authors: Зокирзода Фирузджони Бахтиер , Курныкин Олег Юрьевич
Published: June 2019

Ликвидация Советского Союза открыла для иранской внешней политики новое, представлявшееся весьма перспективным направление активности — центральноазиатское. Иранское руководство рассчитывало укрепить международный статус страны за счет установления партнерских связей с государствами Центральной Азии (ЦА). На позиции первостепенного по значимости партнера для Ирана среди государств ЦА выдвинулся, вопреки ожиданиям, не близкий в этнокультурном отношении Таджикистан, а соседний Туркменистан. Основными сферами сотрудничества двух стран стали формирование трансграничной транспортной инфраструктуры в рамках создания международного транспортного коридора Север — Юг, а также энергетика, добыча и экспорт газа и нефти. Политика Ирана в Центральной Азии характеризовалась взвешенностью и прагматизмом. Тегеран не допускал резких шагов даже во время «газового конфликта» с Туркменистаном. Не меньшим прагматизмом отличалась и позиция Туркменистана, сохранившего широкий спектр взаимодействия с Ираном и вместе с тем сделавшего стратегический выбор в пользу сотрудничества с Китаем. Взаимодействие Ирана и Туркменистана оказывает стабилизирующее влияние на комплекс межгосударственных отношений в Центральноазиатском регионе.
Геоинформационные технологии в исследовании демографической ситуации в Кыргызской Республике (1989-2015 гг.)
Authors: Элеманова Римма Туратбековна
Published: June 2019

Исследование социально-демографических процессов (в частности, количества браков и разводов) на территории Кыргызстана в 1989-2015 гг. позволяет проследить влияние на данные процессы политических и миграционных факторов. Социальный статус в кыргызском обществе с древности во многом обусловливался семейно-брачным положением. Традиционный уклад жизни кыргызов предполагал неприемлемость развода. Более чем полувековой советский период истории наложил определенный отпечаток на развитие устоев кыргызского общества. С 1990-х гг. кардинальные изменения в политической и социальной сферах оказали еще более существенное влияние на социально-демографические процессы. В статье проанализированы тенденции и предпосылки изменений числа браков и разводов в Кыргызстане в постсоветский период, в частности, созданы карты, иллюстрирующие эти процессы. Геоинформационные технологии использовались нами как инструмент пространственного анализа и визуализации полученных результатов, что позволяет эффективно проследить пространственно-временную изменчивость социально-демографических процессов на территории Кыргызстана.
Imigração e presença portuguesa em Belém no século XIX: Entre deslocamentos e pertencimentos (Pará-Brasil)
Authors: Cancela Cristina Donza , Guimarães Luiz Antonio Valente
Published: June 2019

O trabalho analisa a imigração portuguesa em Belém, capital do estado do Pará, ao longo do século XIX. Trata-se de um período marcado por diversos conflitos políticos e prosperidade econômica, atualizada na economia da borracha. Analisamos o fluxo migratório, as redes e a sociabilidade pautada pela moradia, o trabalho e as associações. Observamos também a construção de práticas e representações em torno da figura do português, dos conflitos políticos e da noção de colônia portuguesa, discutindo as estratégias de construção do ideal de uniformidade entre os imigrantes, a despeito das tensões e assimetrias existentes entre eles.
Kinesiotherapy for back pain
Authors: Achkasov E. E. , Zadorina G. N. , Lamkova I. A. , Moskvicheva V. S.
Published: June 2019

Back pain treatment is one of the most common problems in medical practice. The paper presents the theoretical and practical bases of physical therapy for people experiencing pain in the back and neck, considers in detail the main kinesiotherapy techniques used in modern rehabilitation, analyzes the principles of their selection for the most effective recovery of locomotor activity and for reduction of the severity of pain syndrome, and discusses the modes of motor activity. Hardware techniques that facilitate the implementation of complex therapeutic movements are considered separately. A rationale is provided for the importance of increasing motor activity and muscular strength and normalizing muscle tone, by restoring blood circulation and by reducing inflammation and pathological impulses from the affected spine. The possibilities of kinesiotherapy for acute and chronic nonspecific back pain, discogenic radiculopathy, and lumbar stenosis are discussed.
Nervous system injury in alcoholic disease
Authors: Zinovyeva O. E. , Vashchenko N. V. , Mozgovaya O. E. , Yanakaeva T. A. , Emelyanova A. Yu.
Published: June 2019

The paper considers various variants of nervous system injury in alcoholic disease. It discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and clinical manifestations of central and peripheral nervous system lesions in the presence of acute and chronic alcohol intoxication. Attention is paid to the issues of etiotropic, pathogenetic, and symptomatic treatment for neurological manifestations of alcoholic disease and to the role of neurotropic B vitamins in the treatment of alcohol-induced deficiency and non-deficiency states.
Changes in the Levels of Some Biochemical Parameters in the Serum of Children in Response to the Giardiasis Infection
Authors: Mageed Sarmad N.
Published: June 2019

Giardiasis is one of the most common intestinal protozoan infections worldwide. The study aimed to determine the levels of a number of biochemical parameters in the sera of children with giardiasis without receiving any medication for the treatment of giardiasis or intestinal helminthic infections in the previous 7 days. The study conducted 34 (19 females and 15 males) children and 34 (18 females and 16 males) healthy children as a control group. The mean ages of infected children and control groups were 8 ± 2 and 7 ± 2 years, respectively. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, uric acid, and albumin were determined. AST level in males was significantly higher than healthy children control (14.20 ± 1.896 and 10.06 ± 0.699), respectively (P < 0.05), and no significant difference in females was noticed whereas the significant increases in ALT level were found when compared to control (12.43 ± 0.806 and 8.666 ± 0.449), for female, respectively, whereas no significant change in males was observed. Creatinine levels showed significant decrease in females when compared to control (57.72 ± 1.170 and 73.37 ± 1.635) (P ≤ 0.001), respectively.
Progressive top-
k
subarray query processing in array databases
Authors: Choi Dalsu , Park Chang-Sup , Chung Yon Dohn
Published: June 2019

Unprecedented amounts of multidimensional array data are currently being generated in many fields. These multidimensional array data naturally and efficiently fit into the array data model, and many array management systems based on the array data model have appeared. Accordingly, the requirement for data exploration methods for large multidimensional array data has also increased. In this paper, we propose a method for efficient top-
k
subarray query processing in array databases, which is one of the most important query types for exploring multidimensional data. First, we define novel top-
k
query models for array databases: overlap-allowing and disjoint top-
k
subarray queries. Second, we propose a suite of top-
k
subarray query processing methods, called PPTS and extend them to distributed processing. Finally, we present the results of extensive experiments using real datasets from an array database, which show that our proposed methods outperform existing naïve methods.
Megaphone
Authors: Hoffmann Moritz , Lattuada Andrea , McSherry Frank
Published: June 2019

We design and implement Megaphone, a data migration mechanism for stateful distributed dataflow engines with latency objectives. When compared to existing migration mechanisms, Megaphone has the following differentiating characteristics: (i) migrations can be subdivided to a configurable granularity to avoid latency spikes, and (ii) migrations can be prepared ahead of time to avoid runtime coordination. Megaphone is implemented as a library on an unmodified timely dataflow implementation, and provides an operator interface compatible with its existing APIs. We evaluate Megaphone on established benchmarks with varying amounts of state and observe that compared to naïve approaches Megaphone reduces service latencies during reconfiguration by orders of magnitude without significantly increasing steady-state overhead.
From anomaly detection to rumour detection using data streams of social platforms
Authors: Tam Nguyen Thanh , Weidlich Matthias , Zheng Bolong , Yin Hongzhi , Hung Nguyen Quoc Viet , Stantic Bela
Published: June 2019

Social platforms became a major source of rumours. While rumours can have severe real-world implications, their detection is notoriously hard: Content on social platforms is short and lacks semantics; it spreads quickly through a dynamically evolving network; and without considering the context of content, it may be impossible to arrive at a truthful interpretation. Traditional approaches to rumour detection, however, exploit solely a single content modality, e.g., social media posts, which limits their detection accuracy. In this paper, we cope with the aforementioned challenges by means of a multi-modal approach to rumour detection that identifies anomalies in both, the entities (e.g., users, posts, and hashtags) of a social platform and their relations. Based on local anomalies, we show how to detect rumours at the network level, following a graph-based scan approach. In addition, we propose incremental methods, which enable us to detect rumours using streaming data of social platforms. We illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach with a real-world dataset of 4M tweets with more than 1000 rumours.
Orte des Selbststudiums 2018
Authors: Vogel Bernd
Published: June 2019

Das HIS-Institut für Hochschulentwicklung hat im Frühjahr 2018 eine Befragung unter Studierenden zum Selbststudium durchgeführt. Unter Selbststudium wird das studienbezogene Lernen außerhalb von Lehrveranstaltungen verstanden. Ziel war es, empirische Daten darüber zu erheben, an welchen Orten und mit welchem Zeitaufwand Studierende außerhalb von Lehrveranstaltungen lernen. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass aktuell die beliebteste Lernwelt der Studierenden das Homeoffice ist: zwei Drittel der Studierenden lernen vor allem zu Hause, ein Drittel in der Hochschule. Innerhalb der Hochschulen ist die Bibliothek der beliebteste Lernort. Allerdings lernt eine große Gruppe von Studierenden kaum oder gar nicht in der Bibliothek, ein kleinerer Anteil dagegen sehr intensiv (mehr als 8 Stunden/Woche). Die digitalen Angebote der Hochschulbibliotheken werden von rund 80 % der Studierenden genutzt, überwiegend zu Hause. Das Lernverhalten der Studierenden ist je nach Fächergruppe sehr heterogen.
Agreeing in number: Verbal plural suppletion and reduplication
Authors: Thornton Abigail
Published: June 2019

Verbal suppletion for participant number has recently attracted theoretical attention (Bobaljik & Harley 2017; Toosarvandani 2016). I show that cross-linguistically, participant number is marked by suppletion and reduplication and is part of a broader phenomenon, verbal number. I argue that reduplication provides evidence that participant number suppletion is not directly triggered by the argument, and I propose a unified account of participant number where there is a verb-internal number node that reflects number and mediates an agreement relation between the argument and the root. The number node, which marks plural arguments and events, may be valued by the closest c-commanding DP, and will be realized as reduplication or will trigger root suppletion. This is supported cross-linguistically by languages which mark both participant and event number by reduplication and suppletion. I propose that this head allows a stricter locality condition on suppletion where the trigger is always a head in the morphological word (complex X⁰). My analysis bears on current issues of locality and suppletive domains since I argue that the topmost complex X⁰ node forms a morphological domain which contains smaller domains that are privileged in the syntax but restrictive in the morphophonology.
Exploring Merge: A new form of sideward movement
Authors: Takano Yuji
Published: June 2019

This paper explores Merge and proposes a new form of sideward movement (double sideward movement) carried out by a new application of External Merge. Double sideward movement occurs in the following way: given a syntactic object S containing XP and YP, Merge applies to XP and YP, and creates {XP, YP} outside S, thus causing XP and YP to undergo sideward movement at the same time. It is argued that multiple clefts (cleft sentences with multiple phrases in the focus position) in Japanese are derived by double sideward movement of the multiple focus phrases and that this derivation is responsible for certain surprising properties of Japanese multiple clefts, some well known and others newly discovered, including the lack of island effects and the presence and absence of clausemate effects. Other consequences are discussed for the nature of operator movement and scrambling as well as for restrictions on the application of Merge.
El administrador educativo como líder académico
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Miguel A.
Published: June 2019

El autor analiza el dilema que enfrentan los administradores educativos cuando tratan de clarificar sus propias concepciones y expectativas sobre el papel que deben desempeñar. Según su criterio, estas personas al asumir posiciones de dirección se caracterizan, en la práctica diaria, más por su papel de administradores que por el de líderes académicos, lo cual tiene serias implicaciones para el mejoramiento cualitativo de la educación. Como respuesta a esta problemática, propone actualizar la oferta académica de las universidades mediante la puesta en ejecución de una visión conceptual renovada que forme integralmente a las nuevas generaciones de líderes académicos.
ERRATUM - revista Letras de Hoje edição v. 53, n. 3 (2018) - ID 30988
Authors: Da revista Letras de Hoje Equipe Editorial
Published: June 2019

A Equipe Editorial da revista Letras de Hoje torna publica as seguintes alteração e substituição, na edição v. 53, n. 3 (2018),DOI:http:/dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2018.3 , ID 30988, artigo, “Eu e meus alunos-cotistas na escola pública”: racismo, ethos discursivo, discurso midiático e produção de subjetividade.
Irã: políticas islâmicas e mulheres em busca de igualdade
Authors: Hoodfar Homa , Sadr Shadi
Published: June 2019

No Irã, a fusão de um Estado forte com leis e instituições religiosas após a revolução iraniana de 1979, gerou uma estrutura estatal dual. As instâncias não eleitas exercem ali o controle sobre os órgãos eleitos e, na maioria das vezes, não aceitam o primado da democracia nem tampouco o princípio de igualdade entre os sexos (ou entre muçulmanos e não muçulmanos). A questão central que se coloca aqui é a de saber se um Estado religioso é capaz de se adequar a tais normas. O exame das políticas implementadas mostra que, no caso do Irã e do xiismo, o principal obstáculo deve-se mais  às relações não democráticas entre Estado e Sociedade do que à compatibilidade (ou falta de) real ou potencial das tradições e práticas religiosas com os princípios democráticos.
Effective medium approximation for conductivity of coated-inclusion composites with anisotropic coating
Authors: Viet Tran Bao , Giang Nguyen Thi Huong , Chinh Pham Duc
Published: June 2019

Effective medium approximations are constructed in this paper to estimate the macroscopic conductivity of coated-inclusion composites with thin anisotropic coating. The two-phase coated-inclusion are substituted by equivalent one-phase inclusion, using the multi-coated spheres assemblage and the differential substitution approaches. Then, the usual effective medium approximation schemes are applied to the equivalent medium to estimate the conductivity of original three-phase composites. The results obtained were compared with the numerical simulation by finite element method in 2D show the effectiveness of the methods.
Sprawa następstwa tronu po Bolesławie V Wstydliwym, księciu krakowskim i sandomierskim
Authors: Supernak Karolina
Published: June 2019

Bolesław Wstydliwy, książę krakowski był bezdzietny, być może w wyniku ślubów czystości, jakie złożył z żoną. W 1265 roku książę Bolesław w czasie swojej choroby adoptował swojego krewnego – Leszka Czarnego – i uczynił go następcą tronu w Krakowie. Drugim tytułem Leszka do tronu była elekcja możnych. W okresie piastowskim w księstwie krakowsko-sandomierskim wybierano księcia zwierzchniego. Pierwszym tak wybranym władcą krakowskim, zwanym princepsem, był Kazimierz Sprawiedliwy, a następnie jego nieletni syn Leszek Biały. Kolejni monarchowie byli również wybierani w drodze elekcji, lecz wybory utrzymywano w dynastii Piastów i były one z reguły jedynie potwierdzeniem elekcji, tak jak w przypadku Leszka Czarnego. Bolesław wybrał Leszka między innymi dlatego, że ten zdecydował się współpracować z nim w czasie wojny między Czechami a Węgrami. Leszek Czarny jako spadkobierca Wstydliwego poślubił Gryfinę, siostrzenicę Kingi. Wydaje się, że możni akceptowali decyzję Bolesława w sprawie następstwa tronu.
Development of the Soviet Nursery System in 1930–1940 yy.
Authors: Albitsky Valery Yu. , Sher Stella A. , Yaremchuk Oksana V.
Published: June 2019

The results of historical and medical research of development of nursery system in 1930–1940 in the Soviet Union are presented in this publication. Large-scale involvement of women to creation of socialist society has demanded to get rid of house work, care of their own child, and as a result creation of network of maternal and child health institutions. The nurseries have become the most common. Thanks to dynamic building and construction work of child care facilities in 1932–1933 yy up to 80% of children had places in nurseries in large industrial centres, and up to 66% of children had places in seasonal nurseries in collective farms. The increase of nursery capacity in the USSR in1938 for previous two years was 30.5%. Despite massive success in the field of nursery network creation, there were some mistakes during construction and some drawbacks in health services for ill and healthy children were revealed. For instance: irrational nursery space planning, inability to isolate one group from another during quarantine in case of childhood infection, massive morbidity with childhood infection in nurseries, incompetence of medical staff, insufficient nurseries capacity management in case of high necessity of nursery care. High importance was given to creation of nursery isolation hospitals for patients and children on a quarantine for solving these problems.