bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Ti-6-4 Alloy Interlayer on Ti3Al Alloy DB Quality and Interface Mechanical Properties
Authors: Xu Hui Yuan , Fu Ming Jie , Han Xiu Quan , Shao Jie , Li Zhi Qiang
Published: January 2016

Ti3Al intermetallic alloy is a light and high-temperature resistant material which substitutes for superalloy. It is promising for wide use in aerospace yield. In this paper, the Ti3Al alloy was joined by diffusion bonding with and without Ti-6-4 alloy interlayer respectively. Diffusion bonding quality and shear strength of the joints were measured and compared. The results show that there was almost no defect found in joints with interlayer and maximum shear strength is 523 MPa in conditions of 940°C and 2.5 MPa pressure for 1.5h. In contrast, defect rate (percentages of sum of defects length in optical micrograph) of joints without interlayer exceeds 80% and maximum shear strength is only 150 MPa in same conditions. According to fracture analysis, the ductile fracture occurred at Ti-6-4 interlayer of joint with interlayer. Fracture of joint without interlayer belongs to mixed type of ductile fracture and brittle fracture.
Superplasticity Effect Demonstrated by Gas Forming Hot Bent AA5XXX Sheets into V-Shaped Trough Containing Uneven Concavities
Authors: Chen Chia Hung , Wang Jian Yih , Fuh Yiin Kuen , Lee Shyong , Liu Chi , Chu Chun Lin
Published: January 2016

Using low gas pressure as a tool to form metal sheets is certainly feasible. However, the intrinsic flow properties of metal sheet are often a key factor in determining degree of formability, which has not been emphasized or explained well. Most metals, for examples aluminum alloys, can be either superplastic or non-superplastic depending on their original processing history or route (consequently, yielding suitable microstructure) and forming conditions, i.e. mostly temperature and strain rate. This superplasticity effect is clearly demonstrated by gas forming superplastic AA5083 and non-superplastic AA5052 into a V-shaped deep trough containing uneven concavities. The results show the superiority of superplastic material when harsh product standard is required.
Development of Superplastic Dieless Drawing Apparatus for 3Y-TZP Zirconia Ceramic Tube
Authors: Furushima Tsuyoshi , Hirose Yutaro , Tada Kazuo , Manabe Ken-Ichi
Published: January 2016

A novel superplastic dieless drawing technique with local heating and tensile deformation has been focused on for fabrication of zirconia ceramic tube. In this study, 3Y-TZP zirconia ceramic tube with outer diameter of 6mm and inner diameter of 4mm as a superplastic material is used experimentally. An apparatus of superplastic dieless drawing with rotary stage for circumferential uniform heating and acetylene burner for high temperature of 1700°C is developed. The superplastiac dieless drawing experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of the ratio of drawing speed to feeding speed on the flexible controllability of diameter after drawing process. As a result, the reduction in area after drawing process can be controlled by the ratio of drawing speed to feeding speed. In addition, a maximum reduction in area of 79.2% can be realized in this process. Consequently, the validity of developed apparatus of superplastic dieless drawing for Zirconia ceramic tube can be demonstrated.
Finite Element Analysis and Validation of the Superplastic Forming of Multi-Sheet Structures
Authors: Anderson Pamela
Published: January 2016

This paper outlines the methods used to develop a full 3D Finite Element Model (FEM) capable of accurately predicting the superplastic forming (SPF) process of a complex multi-sheet structure. The geometry studied is a three-sheet pack consisting of an inner core sheet diffusion bonded in particular locations to two outer sheets to create a hollow internal structure when inflated. The pressure cycle implemented in the model is also used on the AFRC’s 200T press to produce parts which are compared to the model results. Comparison of 3D scans of the parts with the predicted process from the analysis reveals favorable results.
Changes in Crystallographic Orientation Distribution during Superplastic Deformation in Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Takayama Yoshimasa , Kimijima Eizo , Harunari Eiji , Watanabe Hideo
Published: January 2016

Changes in crystallographic orientation distribution during superplastic deformation in a fine-grained Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy and an Al-Mg-Mn alloy consisting of the coarse-grained surface and the fine-grained center layers have been reviewed in order to reveal contribution of dislocation slips to deformation. The strain rate and grain size dependences of the deformation behavior were examined by SEM/EBSD (scanning electron microscopy/ electron back scatter diffraction) analysis. Intragranular misorientation increases after deformation at high strain rates, presumably due to dislocation activity, while it was low in the specimen deformed at a low strain rate in the early stage of 35% strain. Progressive randomization of the initial texture was also found during deformation at the low strain rate. Further, grain structure and grain boundary character are analyzed in detail to discuss the deformation mechanism.
Unification of Physics during Super Plastic Flow in Advanced Materials
Authors: Muñoz-Andrade Juan Daniel
Published: January 2016

In the framework connected with the unification of physics, the activation energy for super plastic flow in advanced materials has been obtained by applying the new quantum mechanics and relativistic model proposed by Muñoz-Andrade. This new model allows the direct evaluation of the activation energy for super plastic flow at instantaneous thermo-mechanical material forming conditions. Also, in order to establish the phenomenology and mechanics of super plastic flow, the dependence on strain rate and phase velocity de Broglie is obtained, for the reason that the nature wavelength of the cellular dislocations is essential in the association with coupled mechanisms during super plastic flow, such as grain boundary sliding, cooperative grain boundary sliding and self-accommodation process. In conclusion, cellular dislocation dynamics is a nature mechanism during super plastic flow in advanced materials. The results obtained in this work are in a closed agreement with results reported previously.
Effects of Pre-Treatment Durations on Properties of Black Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Skin Gelatin
Authors: SOCKALINGAM KANAGESWARY , Nelson Hilary , Idris Maizlinda Izwana , Abdullah Hasan Zuhudi
Published: January 2016

Black tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) fish skins are good alternatives sources of gelatin. Vast variations in extraction procedures affect the properties of fish gelatin such as yield and gel strength. Thus, this study explores the effect of pretreatment durations on the properties of black tilapia skin gelatin. Gelling properties such as gel strength (bloom value) of the gelatin samples had been determined. Highest gel strength had been detected for gelatin treated at 24 h (390.1 g), followed by 16 h (287.1 g) and 8 h (141.2 g). In contrast, gelatin treated at 24 h indicates lower yield on wet weight basis (14.12 %) than those treated at 16 h (14.96 %) and 8 h (16.90 %). The possible interactions and characteristics between the functional groups in the gelatin samples have also been perceived via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis.
Characterisation and Wettability Properties of Anodised Titanium in Sulphuric Acid for Biomedical Application
Authors: Selimin Mohamad Ali , Idris Maizlinda Izwana , Abdullah Hasan Zuhudi
Published: January 2016

Anodic oxidation is an effective method to modify the smooth surface (bioinert) of titanium to rough or porous surface (bioactive) to be able the titanium to be used as artificial implant in biomedical. In this study, the effect of ultraviolet (UV) light treatment on anodised titanium in various UV light treatment conditions is evaluated. Anodised titanium was prepared using traditional anodic oxidation method in 0.3 M of sulphuric acid (H2SO4). The anodised titanium was modified by using 100 V of applied voltage with constant 75 mA.cm-2 current density for 10 min of oxidation process at room temperature. After anodic oxidation, the anodised titanium undergoes UV light treatment under different wavelength and soaking duration in distilled water. The anodised titanium films were characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Contact angle goniometer was used to determine the wettability properties of UV light treated anodised titanium. From this study, the UV light treatment affect the wettability properties of the anodised titanium without changing it physical properties. The UV-C (365 nm) of UV light wavelength with 4 hours soaking duration produced better hydrophilic properties. This will leads better apatite formation ability when soak in simulated body fluid for bioactivity test.
Characterization of Fatty Acid Coated Polymer/Nucleotide Droplets
Authors: Hak Cik Rohaida Che , Koga Shogo , Tang T.Y.D. , Mann S.
Published: January 2016

The transition from non-living to living matter has been reported can be achieved in the laboratory via designing and constructing the protocell models [1]. Protocell is a study of origin of life theory whereby it is not a true cell, but a term used to refer to early cells or primitive cells. There are two types of protocell model; vesicles and coacervates. Vesicles are biological membranes; provide a semi-permeable boundary between the internal and external environment of a cell and are constructed via self-assembly of lipid and fatty acid molecules [2-5]. While vesicles are made of self-assembly of lipid molecules, coacervates are mixtures of two or more polymers in aqueous solution that spontaneously phase separated to form droplets.Coacervate droplets have been proposed as a potential alternative protocell model because of compartmentalization properties [6-11].
Growth of Nanostructured ZnO Nanosheet on ITO/PET Substrate Prepared via Sol Gel Spin Coating and Hot Water Treatment
Authors: Kamardin Ili Liyana Khairunnisa , Ngah Muhammad , Ahmad Fuad Ahmad Fadzly , Harun Muhammad Haizat , Ainun Rahmahwati Ainuddin
Published: January 2016

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is well known for its wide band gap semiconductor with large excitation energy that serves various application. These unique characteristics had gained much research attention on ZnO nanostructure synthesis and physical properties. In this study, ZnO thin films were deposited on ITO/PET substrate by a spin coating sol-gel process. The starting solution were prepare by dissolved zinc acetate dehydrate (ZnAc) and diethanolamine (DEA) in water (H2O) and 2-propanol (2-PrOH). Acid Citric (C6H8O7) from 0.2 to 1.0 M were dropped into 100 ml sol-gel solution to study effect of sol-gel environment condition. ZnO thin films were obtained after pre-heating the spin coated thin films at 100 °C for 5 minutes after each coating. The coated substrates were undergone for Hot Water Treatment (HWT) process at 90 °C for 6 hours to grow ZnO nanostructures. The effects of sol-gel environment condition by drop different concentrations of C6H8O7 into the solution were studied. Nanoflakes ZnO were obtained after hot water and hydrothermal treated at 90 °C for 6 hours with 0.2 till 1.0 concentration of C6H8O7 dropped directly in the sol-gel solution. On the basis of the changes in morphology and microstructure induced by hot water treatment, it is concluded that the nanosheets were highly transparent with the visible range (350 – 800 nm) with 70%-90% of Transmittance spectra. Growth of ZnO nanosheet influenced by increment of C6H8O7 mol concentration also with value of roughness RMS.
Effect of Citrate Concentration on Colloidal Gold (Au) Nanoparticles Produced Using Electro-Dissolution-Reduction Method
Authors: Haiza Haroon , Yaacob Iskandar , Azhar Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad
Published: January 2016

Colloidal gold nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using electro-dissolution-reduction process that consists of a simple two-electrode cells connected to a DC power supply. Throughout the process, bulk gold at the anode was oxidized into gold cations which then reacted with the chloride ions to form aurochloride complex. The complex ions were then reduced by the citrate ion to form colloidal gold nanoparticles. The size and shape of the nanoparticles were modulated by varying the citrate concentration. The colloidal gold nanoparticles obtained were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). From FESEM analysis, it was found that by increasing the citrate concentration, the size of colloidal gold nanoparticles produced marginally increased. The mean sizes of gold nanoparticles were roughly about 18.7 nm, 19.3 nm, 20.5 nm and 21.3 nm for citrate concentrations of 0.05 M, 0.10 M, 0.15 M and 0.20 M, respectively. However, sample prepared without the addition of citrate, remained colorless indicating that aurochloride complex ions were not reduced to colloidal gold nanoparticles. TEM micrographs showed that the shape of gold nanoparticles obtained is almost spherical. The characteristic peaks of UV-Vis spectra revealed that the suspension was indeed colloidal gold nanoparticles.Keywords: Gold, Nanoparticles, Electro-dissolution-reduction
Study on the Reduction Behavior of Molybdenum Oxide (MoO3) in Carbon Monoxide (CO) Atmosphere
Authors: Samsuri Alinda , Tengku Saharuddin Tengku Shafazila , Salleh Fairous , Othaman Rizafizah , Mohamed Hisham Mohamed Wahab , Yarmo Mohd Ambar
Published: January 2016

The reduction behavior of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) by carbon monoxide (CO) has been studied using temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and was characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The TPR result shows that the first reduction peak of MoO3 under 20 vol. % CO in nitrogen started at 530 °C and second reduction peaks observed was at 700 °C. The XRD technique was employed to identify the changes in the sample. It was found that after non-isothermal reduction up to 700 °C, the intermediate phases Mo4O11 were observed. Completed reduction to MoO2 achieved after continued reduction with isothermal mode at 700 °C for 60 minutes. Based on the XRD analysis, it is confirmed that the reduction of MoO3 to MoO2 in CO atmosphere consists of two reduction stages, i) Mo6+ → Mo5+ and ii) Mo5+ → Mo4+. While, CO excess have resulted the formation of molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) rather than formation of metallic molybdenum (Mo).
Effect of Surface Modification on Rice Husk (RH)/Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Composites under Various Loading Rates
Authors: Abdul Wahab Nur Suhaili , OMAR MOHD FIRDAUS , Md Akil Hazizan , Ahmad Zainal Arifin , Noimam N.Z.
Published: January 2016

The surface modification of RH filler was carried out using silane coupling agents in order to improve the adhesion between LLDPE and RH. RH was treated using silane coupling agent at four different concentrations (1, 3, 5 and 7 %) at room temperature. In this study, both untreated and treated RH/LLDPE composites were tested under static (0.001 s-1, 0.01 s-1 and 0.1 s-1) and dynamic loading rates (650 s-1, 900 s-1 and 1100 s-1) using universal testing machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus, respectively. Results show that the 5% treated LLDPE/RH composite shows the higher ultimate compressive strength (UCS) and rigidity as compared to untreated LLDPE/RH composites under various loading rates. Overall, it is proved that the surface treatment of RH gives significant contribution towards the UCS and rigidity of LLDPE/RH composites under both static and dynamic loading rates.
Corrosion Study of SAC305 Solder in Acidic Solution
Authors: Mohd Zaini Nurwahida , Mohd Nazeri Muhammad Firdaus
Published: January 2016

Corrosion resistance performance of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) was evaluated in 1 M hydrochloride acid through potentiodynamic polarization. SAC305 shows active-passive corrosion behavior in acidic solution with two dissolution peaks detected in anodic branch. Microstructure analysis revealed that the corrosion product deposited on the surface after polarization was porous and uneven. This limits the protection offered by the passivation film as the porous structure allows further corrosion attack on the underlying solder.
Effect of Cr2O3-TiO2 Addition on the Physical Properties of Zirconia Toughened Alumina
Authors: Manshor Hanisah , Ramli Abdul Wahid , Azhar Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad , Abdullah Ezzat Chan , Ahmad Zainal Arifin
Published: January 2016

Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) has good mechanical properties and widely used in cutting insert application. Although the ZTA is well known of its good mechanical properties, its still can be improved in order to produce better properties. It can be done by adding additives as reinforcement such as magnesium oxide (MgO), cerium oxide (CeO), titania (TiO2) and chromia (Cr2O3). The effect of TiO2-Cr2O3 addition on the physical properties of ZTA were investigated in this study. The composition of TiO2 was varied from 0 wt% to 3.5 wt% while Cr2O3 was fixed at 5 wt%. The starting powder materials were mixed by wet mixing for 30 minutes in acetone. Then the powder mixtures were hydraulically pressed at 260 MPa. The green pellets were sintered at 1600°C for 1 hour using an electrical furnace in presureless condition. The results were characterized by XRD, density, and also Vickers hardness. The ZTA-Cr2O3-TiO2 ceramic composite achieved the highest density of 4.1 g/cm3 and Vickers hardness of 1919 HV prior to the addition of 2.0 wt% TiO2. Therefore, it can be decisively concluded that the addition of Cr2O3-TiO2 does affected the properties of ZTA.
Preparation of Activated Carbon from Walnut Shell Doped La and Ca Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Alsultan Abdulkareem Ghassan , Mijan Asikin , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin
Published: January 2016

Solid acid (heterogeneous) catalysts have a unique advantage in esterification and transesterification reactions which enhances the use of high acid value oil to be used as feedstock for synthesis of biodiesel. Activated carbon was prepared from walnut shell and activated in two step, first step is (thermal) physical activation calcination at 400 °C. Second step is chemical activation, the Ac were treated phosphoric acid in constant flow of nitrogen. The results obtained that the treated carbon show the amazing physicochemical properties (high surface area, high porosity and high acidity)
Preliminary Studies on Acid Leaching of Finely-Ground Malaysian Low Grade Manganese Ore (LGMO)
Authors: Mohd Rozali Mohd Fasyraf Hafizi , Nasir Nurulfazielah , Ismail Suhaina , Abdullah Norazharuddin Shah
Published: January 2016

Ore samples, believed to be low grade manganese ore were characterized using XRD, XRF and SEM, before being ground further into very fine particle sizes going through a preliminary leaching process. Sulfuric acid was chosen as the leachant, and leaching was done without any presence of reducing agents.
The Reduction Behaviour of Cerium Doped Iron Oxide in Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Atmosphere
Authors: Tengku Saharuddin Tengku Shafazila , Samsuri Alinda , Salleh Fairous , Othaman Rizafizah , Kassim Mohammad , Mohamed Hisham Mohamed Wahab , Yarmo Mohd Ambar
Published: January 2016

The reduction behaviour of 3% cerium doped (Ce-Fe2O3) and undoped iron oxide (Fe2O3) by hydrogen in nitrogen (10%,v/v) and carbon monoxide in nitrogen (10%,v/v) atmospheres have been investigate by temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The phases formed of partially and completely reduced samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). TPR results indicate that the reduction of Ce doped and undoped iron oxide in both reductants proceed in three steps reduction (Fe2O3 → Fe3O4 → FeO → Fe) with Fe3O4 and FeO were the intermediate. TPR results also suggested that by adding Ce metal into iron oxide the reduction to metallic Fe by using both reductant gaseous give better reducibility compare to the undoped Fe2O3. The reduction process of Ce and undoped Fe2O3 become faster when CO was used as a reductant instead of H2. Furthermore, in CO atmosphere, Ce-Fe2O3 give complete reduction to metallic iron at 700 0C which about 200 0C temperature lower than other samples. Meanwhile, XRD analysis indicated that Ce doped iron oxide composed better crystallite phases of Fe2O3 with higher intensity and a small amount of FeCe2O4.
Immobilization and Characterizations of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid on Silica for CO2 Adsorption/Desorption Studies
Authors: Tengku Azmi Tengku Sharifah Marliza , Yarmo Mohd Ambar , Hakim Azizul , Abu Tahari Maratun Najiha , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin
Published: January 2016

Supported imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were developed for adsorption/desorption studies of carbon dioxide. ILs could be easily immobilized into silica support materials using sol-gel method. The developed materials were successfully characterized using XRD, TGA, DTA, and BET analysis. The CO2 adsorption/desorption measurement were carried out using temperature-program-desorption technique and proved that the supported ILs on silica could reduced the temperature of CO2 desorption from 750 to 390 °C. The best performance for CO2 sorption (1.17 mmol CO2/g adsorbent) was achieved with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate [EMIm][HSO4]-silica system.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on CuO Doped Barium Zinc Tantalate (BZT) Dielectric Properties
Authors: Hidayani Jaafar , Ahmad Zainal Arifin , Ain Mohd Fadzil
Published: January 2016

The structure and dielectric properties of Barium Zinc Tantalate (BZT) doped by copper oxide (CuO) with a variety of values of mol% doping from 0, 0.1, 0.25, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.5 were prepared using a solid state method. The addition of CuO did not disturb the 1:2 ordering structure of the BZT ceramic. The grain size increased when the addition of doping increased. A small amount of doping elements increased the relative density. The dielectric constant (ɛr) value of the BZT significantly improved with the addition of the CuO for the specimens sintered at 1250°C and it could be explained by the increase of the relative density. The tan δ of the CuO doped with BZT ceramics is lower than pure BZT ceramics, and decreases as the CuO content increases. Meanwhile, for the percentage of bandwidth (%BW) it is shown that the best result is produced when it is doped with 0.25 mol% CuO and sintered at 1250°C. The best microwave dielectric properties obtained were ɛr=70.28, tan δ = 0.024, %BW = 7.83 which occurred for the 0.25 mol% doped CuO and when sintered at 1250°C/4 h.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of secondary tumors involving the pancreas: An institution's experience
Authors: Alomari Almed K. , Ustun Berrin , Aslanian Harry R. , Ge Xinquan , Chhieng David , Cai Guoping
Published: January 2016

Background:

Pancreatic masses may seldom represent a metastasis or secondary involvement by lymphoproliferative disorders. Recognition of this uncommon occurrence may help render an accurate diagnosis and avoid diagnostic pitfalls during endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). In this study, we review our experience in diagnosing secondary tumors involving the pancreas.

Materials and Methods:

The electronic database of cytopathology archives was searched for cases of secondary tumors involving the pancreas at our institution and a total of 31 cases were identified. The corresponding clinical presentations, imaging study findings, cytological diagnoses, the results of ancillary studies, and surgical follow-up, if available, were reviewed.

Results:

Nineteen of the patients were male and 12 female, with a mean age of 66 years. Twenty-three patients (74%) had a prior history of malignancy, with the latency ranging from 6 months to 19 years. The secondary tumors involving the pancreas included metastatic carcinoma (24 cases), metastatic sarcoma (3 cases), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2 cases), and plasma cell neoplasm (2 cases). The most common metastatic tumors were renal cell carcinoma (8 cases) and lung carcinoma (7 cases). Correct diagnoses were rendered in 29 cases (94%). The remaining two cases were misclassified as primary pancreatic carcinoma. In both cases, the patients had no known history of malignancy, and no ancillary studies were performed.

Conclusions:

Secondary tumors involving the pancreas can be accurately diagnosed by EUS-FNA. Recognizing uncommon cytomorphologic features, knowing prior history of malignancy, and performing ancillary studies are the keys to improve diagnostic performance and avoid diagnostic pitfalls.
Sobre a tradução de livros infantis e juvenis
Authors: Torres Marie Hélène , Debus Eliane Santana
Published: January 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2016v36n1p10Há muito tempo considerado um gênero “menor”, a tradução da literatura infantil e juvenil vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço e prestígio como área de pesquisa acadêmica. Além do número crescente de publicações na área, prêmios de melhor tradução para crianças e jovens existem hoje tanto em nível internacional (Prêmio Hans Christian Andersen concedido pelo International Board on Books for Young People – IBBY) quanto em nível nacional (Prêmio Jabuti concedido pela Câmara Brasileira do Livro – CBL e pela Fundação Nacional do Livro Infantil e Juvenil - FNLIJ), o que de certa forma confirma essa situação bastante positiva da tradução de literatura infantil e juvenil como área consolidada, principalmente, no contexto dos Estudos da Tradução.
Comparison of 3 Different Releasable Suture Techniques in Trabeculectomy
Authors: Duman Fulya , Faria Bruno , Rutnin Nont , Guzel Huseyin , Ekici Feyzahan , Waisbourd Michael , Katz L. Jay , Moster Marlene R. , Spaeth George L.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

The use of releasable sutures provides an effective and simple way of titrating intraocular pressure (IOP) postoperatively. The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical outcome of 3 releasable suture techniques for closing scleral flaps in patients undergoing primary trabeculectomy.

Methods

The Wills Eye Glaucoma Research Center retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who underwent primary trabeculectomy by 3 surgeons using 3 different releasable suture techniques. Ninety eyes of 90 glaucoma patients were divided into 3 groups by releasable suture technique (n = 30 eyes for each group). Main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), rate of surgical success, use of supplemental medical therapy, need for additional glaucoma surgery, and complications during suture removal.

Results

The BCVA and IOP were similar among the groups for all follow-up visits. As a determinant of success rate of trabeculectomy, mean decrease of IOP after surgery was over 30% in all groups (p = 0.43). The number of postoperative antiglaucomatous medications, number of complications, and need for an additional glaucoma surgery were similar in all groups (p = 0.40, p = 0.87, and p = 0.47, respectively). The differences in suture-related complications, defined as suture break or need for laser suture lysis, were not significant among the groups (p = 0.09).

Conclusions

We found that the 3 most common surgical techniques had similar mechanisms of action. All techniques were safe and effective, yielding similar outcomes. All 3 techniques can be used for closing scleral flaps in patients undergoing primary trabeculectomy.
Comparison of Refractive Error in Phacovitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane using Ultrasound and Partial Coherence Interferometry
Authors: Kang Eui C. , Lee Kyou Ho , Koh Hyoung J.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

To compare the postoperative refractive error (RE) using A-scan ultrasound (US) and partial coherence interferometry (PCI) after phacovitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) and cataract.

Methods

Eighty-eight participants (88 eyes) with iERM and cataracts underwent phacovitrectomies with internal limiting membrane removal. Postoperative RE was the main outcome measured, calculated by subtracting intended spherical equivalent (SE) from 6-month postoperative SE. Secondary outcomes included axial length (AL) measured by 2 methods, change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and change in central subfield thickness (CSFT).

Results

Mean postoperative RE using US showed greater myopic shift compared with that using PCI (-0.569 ± 0.571 D vs −0.169 ± 0.415 D, respectively, p<0.001). The 6-month postoperative RE was within ±0.50 D in 43.2% (38/88) using US vs 84.1% (74/88) using PCI and within ±1.00 D in 84.1% (74/88) using US vs 96.6% (85/88) using PCI. Mean AL measured by US was shorter than that measured by PCI (23.50 ± 1.27 mm vs 23.58 ± 1.30 mm, respectively, p<0.001). Postsurgery, BCVA improved from 0.374 ± 0.264 logMAR to 0.144 ± 0.124 logMAR (p<0.001), and CSFT decreased from 449.2 ± 78.5 µm to 378.2 ± 47.0 µm (p<0.001). The BCVA improvement significantly correlated with decreased CSFT ( R = 0.268, p = 0.011).

Conclusions

Estimation of intraocular lens power for phacovitrectomies for iERM and cataracts is more accurate when assessed by PCI than by US.
A Cemented Cup with Acetabular Impaction Bone Grafting is More Cost-Effective than an Uncemented Cup in Patients under 50 Years
Authors: Busch Vincent J.J.F. , Verschueren Joost , Adang Eddy M. , Lie Stein A. , Havelin Leif I. , Schreurs Berend W.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

Acetabular deficiencies in young patients can be restored in several ways during total hip arthroplasty. Currently, cementless cups are most frequently used. Impaction bone grafting of acetabular defects is a more biological approach, but is it cost-effective in young patients on the long term?

Methods

We designed a decision model for a cost-utility analysis of a cemented cup with acetabular impaction bone grafting versus an uncemented cup, in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) for the young adult with acetabular bone deficiency, in need for a primary total hip arthroplasty. Outcome probabilities and effectiveness were derived from the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre and the Norwegian Hip Register. Multiple sensitivity analyses were used to assess the contribution of the included variables in the model's outcome.

Results

Cemented cups with impaction bone grafting were more cost-effective compared to the uncemented option in terms of costs per QALY. A scenario suggesting equal primary survival rates of both cemented and uncemented cups still showed an effect gain of the cemented cup with impaction bone grafting, but at higher costs.

Conclusions

Based on this model, the first choice of treatment of the acetabular bone deficient osteoarthritic hip in a young patient is reconstruction with impaction bone grafting and a cemented cup.
Theoretical Basis for and Improvement of Daugirdas' Second Generation Formula for Single-Pool Kt/V
Authors: Sternby Jan , Daugirdas John T.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

An empirically-derived equation to estimate hemodialysis treatment variable-volume single-pool Kt/V, where Kt/V = −ln(R-GFAC × t) + (4−3.5 × R) × UFV/W, was published in 1993 ( 1 ) and quickly became a standard tool for the estimation of dialysis dose. We aim to find a theoretical basis for this equation.

Methods

A mathematical derivation is used to find the connection between Kt/V and modeled urea concentrations.

Results

There is a theoretical basis for the empirical structure of the estimating equation, but the estimation of the effect of ultrafiltration on Kt/V can be improved. Finally, we show that the accuracy of the formula may be suboptimal for some extreme dialysis schedules and propose a new equation that is more robust across atypical dialysis prescriptions.

Conclusions

The currently used Kt/V estimating equation has a sound theoretical basis and an improved version is proposed that can maintain accuracy with a broader range of fluid removal.
Bioactive TGF-β1/HA Alginate-Based Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Repair: Design, Realization and Multilevel Characterization
Authors: Coluccino Luca , Stagnaro Paola , Vassalli Massimo , Scaglione Silvia
Published: January 2016

Background

The design of an appropriate microenvironment for stem cell differentiation constitutes a multitask mission and a critical step toward the clinical application of tissue substitutes. With the aim of producing a bioactive material for orthopedic applications, a transforming growth factor-β (TGF- β1)/hydroxyapatite (HA) association within an alginate-based scaffold was investigated. The bioactive scaffold was carefully designed to offer specific biochemical cues for an efficient and selective cell differentiation toward the bony and chondral lineages.

Methods

Highly porous alginate scaffolds were fabricated from a mixture of calcium cross-linked alginates by means of a freeze-drying technique. In the chondral layer, the TGF in citric acid was mixed with an alginate/alginate-sulfate solution. In the bony layer, HA granules were added as bioactive signal, to offer an osteoinductive surface to the cells. Optical and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed to assess the macro-micro architecture of the biphasic scaffold. Different mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the elastic modulus of the grafts. For the biological validation of the developed prototype, mesenchymal stem cells were loaded onto the samples; cellular adhesion, proliferation and in vivo biocompatibility were evaluated.

Results and conclusions

The results successfully demonstrated the efficacy of the designed osteochondral graft, which combined interesting functional properties and biomechanical performances, thus becoming a promising candidate for osteochondral tissue-engineering applications.
Apparent Migration of Implantable Port Devices: Normal Variations in Consideration of BMI
Authors: Wyschkon Sebastian , Löschmann Jan-Phillip , Scheurig-Münkler Christian , Nagel Sebastian , Hamm Bernd , Elgeti Thomas
Published: January 2016

Purpose

To evaluate the extent of normal variation in implantable port devices between supine fluoroscopy and upright chest x-ray in relation to body mass index (BMI) based on three different measurement methods.

Methods

Retrospectively, 80 patients with implanted central venous access port systems from 2012-01-01 until 2013-12-31 were analyzed. Three parameters (two quantitative and one semi-quantitative) were determined to assess port positions: projection of port capsule to anterior ribs (PCP) and intercostal spaces, ratio of extra- and intravascular catheter portions (EX/IV), normalized distance of catheter tip to carina (nCTCD). Changes were analyzed for males and females and normal-weight and overweight patients using analysis of variance with Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparison.

Results

PCP revealed significantly greater changes in chest x-rays in overweight women than in the other groups (p<0.001, F-test). EX/IV showed a significantly higher increase in overweight women than normal-weight women and men and overweight men (p<0.001). nCTCD showed a significantly greater increase in overweight women than overweight men (p = 0.0130). There were no significant differences between the other groups. Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was high (Cronbach alpha of 0.923-1.0) and best for EX/IV.

Conclusions

Central venous port systems show wide normal variations in the projection of catheter tip and port capsule. In overweight women apparent catheter migration is significantly greater compared with normal-weight women and with men. The measurement of EX/IV and PCP are straightforward methods, quick to perform, and show higher reproducibility than measurement of catheter tip-to-carina distance.
Violencia en el Jardín de (la) Patria: la monumentalización de las hermanas Mirabal y el sitio de trauma en la posdictadura dominicana
Authors: Blackmore Lisa
Published: January 2016

En la República Dominicana un impulso conmemorativo traspasa In the Time of the Butterflies (Julia Álvarez, 1994) y la Casa Museo que ha convertido a las Hermanas Mirabal en sujetos históricos de dimensiones monumentales. Frente a conmemoraciones convencionales y la representación heroica de las hermanas, atiendo a discusiones recientes sobre posdictadura y lugares de memoria para proponer que la casa arruinada de Patria Mirabal y su Jardín Memorial constituyen un “sitio de trauma” (Violi) cuyo testimonio material de la violencia ofrece un rendimiento crítico que expande el discurso biográfico al enfocar problemáticas más amplias del trujillismo como el contacto entre estado y cuerpo político.
El sueño de la revolución produce monstruos. Cuerpos extra/ordinarios y aparato biopolítico en "La sombra del caminante" (Ena Lucía Portela, 2001)
Authors: López-Labourdette Adriana
Published: January 2016

El siguiente ensayo reflexiona sobre la reciente irrupción de figuras teratológicas en el ámbito cultural cubano contemporáneo. Partiendo de este contexto de contigüidad entre humanos y monstruos, el texto indaga en los modos en que la novela La sombra del caminante (Ena Lucía Portela, 2001) pone en escena un ser monstruoso, descendiente directo del Hombre Nuevo, modelo que la Revolución promulgó y fomentó. A través de su cuerpo extra/ordinario, síntoma del fracaso de un amplio proyecto de educación, disciplina físico-sexual y entrenamiento militar, dicho monstruo impugna algunas de las instancias regulatorias de este proyecto (la clínica, la didáctica, la sexualidad). Esta novela es además paradigmática de un giro en las prácticas culturales de los noventa: de un relato político (cuestiones de ideología y sujeción), a una narrativa de lo (bio)político, centradas en los mecanismos de control y disciplinamiento de cuerpos y relaciones entre cuerpos.
Failure: A Conceptual Proposal To Rethink The Caribbean
Authors: López Magdalena
Published: January 2016

I offer a conceptualization of failure as a constitutive experience of Caribbeanness. Failure produces the need to reformulate a history that turned out differently from that initially intended, encouraging the uprooting of interpretative assumptions. Rootlessness, therefore, refers not only national or geographic displacement, but also to the loss of certainties upon which our vision of the world is based. This rootlessness impels us to drift away from the epic assumptions on which social, political or national identities have been established to seek more inclusive forms of community. I show both the potential of failure and the dangers of denying it through the study of ten Hispanic Caribbean narratives written in the 21th Century.
De la literatura como especie lázaro
Authors: Aponte Alsina Marta
Published: January 2016

Ensayo
Camino de los españoles
Authors: Yau Lena
Published: January 2016

Cuento de ficción
A moda e o museu
Authors:   Centro Universitário Senac, Garcia André da Costa Ramos , Bonadio Maria Claudia ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: January 2016

Entrevista com a diretoria do Museu de Arte Brasileira da FAAP que enfoca a experiência da mesma na realização de exposições sobre moda e temas correlatos no referido museu.
Os vestidos da Miss por Galdino Lenzi: análise de acervos de vestuário para a compreensão da manufatura e do consumo de moda na década de 1970 em Santa Catarina.
Authors:   Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Morelli Graziela , Riffel Renato
Published: January 2016

O artigo apresenta os resultados de um projeto de pesquisa que teve como objetivo examinar três vestidos pertencentes ao acervo da Modateca da UNIVALI, confeccionados pelo costureiro catarinense Galdino Lenzi para a Miss Brusque e Santa Catarina em 1976. Para efetuar as investigações, utilizou-se metodologia específica para análise de documentos históricos no âmbito da cultura material, conforme proposto por Sant´Anna et. al. (2009). Considerando essas peças de vestuário como objetos/documento, as observações efetuadas possibilitaram a compreensão de determinados aspectos culturais, sociais e históricos de um período e região, assim como a apreciação de técnicas empregadas na manufatura de produtos de moda na década de 1970, permitindo o acesso a informações que possibilitem o desenvolvimento de novos produtos de design de moda.
A percepção artística e histórico-cultural do vestuário
Authors:   Fundação de Apoio à Escola Técnica, Pereira Carolina Morgado
Published: January 2016

O vestuário, os acessórios e todo tipo de adorno definem, distinguem, determinam e identificam os indivíduos de acordo com a esfera social, cultural e artística na qual estão inseridos. A intenção deste artigo é apontar a importância da análise cultural e social do traje através da interação teórica de autores com as suas perspectivas artísticas e histórico-culturais, bem como conceituar os termos “moda”, “traje” e “vestuário” para o entendimento de suas relações e a construção social e cultural de seus contextos específicos. Além disso, pretende-se pesquisar as possibilidades de análise das percepções da forma no objeto vestuário, no que se refere às características estilísticas, aos elementos visuais e ao discurso. Mostra-se, assim, que diversas esferas do conhecimento visam à multidisciplinaridade e interdisciplinaridade para o entendimento e o estudo de um objeto complexo como o vestuário, cujas composições significam e discursam sobre os mais variados posicionamentos culturais, artísticos, políticos e sociais.
O poder da comunicação digital da moda Antix por meio das redes sociais
Authors:   Universidade Católica de Brasília, Kieling Alexandre Schirmer , Silva Rosângela Barbosa da
Published: January 2016

Visto que as mídias digitais tornaram-se palco da moda, este artigo se propõe a pesquisar a comunicação digital da Antix (marca do vestuário feminino) o estudo concerne em analisar o poder que a marca adquiriu ao se propalar nas redes sociais como Facebook e Instagram. Entende-se que o movimento atual é dar cada vez mais acesso à passarela da moda e a tudo o que diz respeito ao processo de criação e desenvolvimento das coleções além da circulação cultura e social.
Moulage: um exercício de criação
Authors:   Universidade Ritter dos Rei, Saleh Francys Peruzzi , Folle Luis
Published: January 2016

O presente artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a utilização da técnica de moulage como forma de criação e desenvolvimento de produtos inovadores para o design de moda. O objetivo é abordar a importância desta ferramenta no processo criativo e a geração de novos conceitos e formas a partir deste método. Os resultados foram obtidos através do estudo empírico, com análise bibliográfica e exercício de experimentação.
Método para Pesquisa de Tendências: uma revisâo do modelo Futuro do Presente
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campos Amanda Queiroz , Rech Sandra Regina
Published: January 2016

Este estudo apresenta, de forma revisada, o método de pesquisa de tendências desenvolvido e aplicado pelo projeto FPLab – Futuro do Presente. O desenho metodológico proposto, inicialmente como modelo conceitual, é de natureza qualitativa e envolve processos indutivos e dedutivos, baseando em pressupostos e abordagens das Ciências Humanas. De modo específico, a principal referência para este método é a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, de Glaser e Strauss (1967), que define a necessidade de as hipóteses surgirem dos dados e rejeita a ida à campo para a confirmação, ou rejeição, de hipóteses formuladas anteriormente à coleta de dados. O investimento na Teoria Fundamentada como referência de pesquisa também influencia as etapas de análise – codificação – dos dados, uma vez que é o procedimento mais importante da pesquisa de tendências. O método foi desenvolvido para o projeto de pesquisa em questão, mas pode, feitos os devidos ajustes, ser aplicado em outros contextos para fins de pesquisa prospectiva.
Odoyá, minha mãe! Desconstruindo o uso da imagem da Iemanjá a partir do caso Farm
Authors:   niversidade Federal de Pernambuco, Oliveira Tatalina Cristina Silva de , Santos Ertz Clarck Melindre dos , Mendonça Ana Flávia da Fonte Netto de
Published: January 2016

Este artigo aborda o estudo teórico que envolve uma polêmica gerada na internet envolvendo a empresa de moda brasileira Farm e integrantes e defensores do movimento negro, em dezembro de 2014. A marca divulgou virtualmente a imagem de uma fantasia de Iemanjá, vestida por uma modelo branca, e este foi o início de uma discussão que ultrapassou as redes sociais. Para analisar esse contexto foi utilizada a perspectiva teórica do construcionismo social, aliada ao processo metodológico implementado por Montemezzo (2003) e aplicado ao design de moda. A contribuição científica da pesquisa se sustenta no processo contínuo e plástico de se interpretar um símbolo, nesse caso o religioso de matriz africana, e proporcionar uma relação profícua entre ele e o seu respectivo público-alvo inserido em uma campanha de moda.
Modelagem Plana x Modelagem Tridimensional: Estudo comparativo em artigos de malha com alta compressão
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Toledo Daiane de Lourdes , Triska Ricardo
Published: January 2016

O crescimento da busca por produtos mais confortáveis e de qualidade têm demandado do desenvolvimento e da confecção de vestuário o aprimoramento de seus processos. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa busca desenvolver um estudo comparativo sobre a modelagem tridimensional e a modelagem plana quanto à confecção de artigos em malha de alta compressão. A modelagem tridimensional é muito utilizada no desenvolvimento de artigos de tecido plano, enquanto sua aplicação em malha é relativamente rara. No entanto, um estudo preliminar já demostrou a facilidade de construção de modelagens mais ergonômicas com essa técnica. Para aprofundar e viabilizar esta discussão, a investigação será dividida em duas etapas, sendo a primeira teórica e a segunda, aplicada e subdividida em três fases: I) elaboração das modelagens de um modelo de top feminino esportivo em tecido de malha com alta compressão (suplex) utilizando as duas técnicas; II) coleta de informações sobre a construção dos moldes em cada técnica; III) análise das informações obtidas e elaboração de descrição comparativa dos resultados.
Design com foco na redução dos resíduos sólidos: um estudo de caso em malharia retilínea
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Gentile Ana Paula , Moro Rita de Cássia Lopes , Mendes Francisca Dantas
Published: January 2016

As questões que permeiam a sustentabilidade estão cada vez mais presentes no cotidiano das pessoas, não sendo diferente na indústria da moda. Dentro dessas interrogativas, está a problemática dos resíduos sólidos, que desafia empresas, governo e sociedade a elaborar estratégias para sua diminuição, bem como eliminação. Assim, diante da crescente preocupação e representatividade que o setor têxtil e de confecção possui, a nível nacional e internacional, o presente artigo vem a somar como referencial bibliográfico, e com a apresentação de caso real, busca elucidar técnicas, focada na estratégia de design diferenciado, visando a redução e eliminação de resíduos têxteis na malharia retilínea.