bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA TERHADAP PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK REBUNG DAN PUPUK ORGANIK AZOLLA
Authors: Harahap Ariani Syahfitri , Siagian Marintan
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of giving bamboo shoot extract and organic fertilizer azolla and its interaction on the growth of robusta coffee (Coffea robusta L.) seedlings. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors with 16 treatment combinations and 2 replications in order to obtain a total of 32 plots of research treatment plots. The results showed that bamboo shoot extracts and the application of Azolla organic fertilizer and their interactions did not affect all observation parameters such as plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), stem diameter (mm), plant wet weight (grams), and dry weight. plant (grams). Where the best bamboo shoot extracts in this study were found in R2 treatment (200 g / plot). The best application of azolla organic fertilizer in this study was found in treatment A2 (10 g / plot).

 

Keywords: Growth, Coffee, Extract, Bamboo shoots, Azolla
O baralho como ferramenta no ensino de genética
Authors: Salim D.C. , Akimoto A.K. , Ribeiro G.B.L. , Pedrosa M.A.F. , Oliveira S.F. , Klautau-Guimarães Maria de Nazaré
Published: August 2022

Verifica-se, na maior parte das escolas de Ensino Fundamental e Médio no Brasil, falta de interconexão entre conteúdos que deveriam se complementar. Um exemplo disso é a prática, em diversos estados do país, de apresentar a divisão celular – mitose e meiose – no primeiro ano do ensino médio e a genética no terceiro ano. [...]
Evolução dos processos de identificação humana
Authors: Garrido Rodrigo Grazinoli
Published: August 2022

Identidade pode ser descrita como a soma de caracteres que individualizam uma pessoa, distinguindo-a das demais, enquanto o emprego de meios adequados para determinar a identidade ou não identidade das pessoas é o processo de identificação (SIEGEL, KNUPFER e SUUKKO, 2000). Todos nós já fomos identificados de alguma forma e em algum momento de nossas vidas. Iniciamos nossa vida como uma pessoa individualizável desde o nascimento quando deixamos nossa impressão plantar na caderneta médica. [...]
Elotroforese
Authors: Santos Filho Francisco Soares
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo expor um protocolo de aula prática sobre a eletroforese, utilizando recursos caseiros em substituição aos materiais de laboratório necessários ao desenvolvimento da técnica. [...]
A teoria evolutiva de LAMARCK
Authors: Tidon Rosana
Published: August 2022

Quando se fala sobre teorias da Evolução Biológica, dois grandes nomes são logo lembrados: Lamarck e Darwin. O estudioso francês é muitas vezes considerado como “aquele que estava errado”, e Darwin, como “aquele que estava certo”. Entretanto, essa fama é injusta. A trajetória científica de Lamarck mostra grandes acertos, e parte dos erros que ele cometeu estão presentes também na obra de Darwin.
A genética e as invasões biológicas
Authors: Lopes Ramon Pereira , Duarte Michelle Rezende , Silva Edson Pereira da
Published: August 2022

As bioinvasões têm causado prejuízos econômicos e ambientais em todo mundo e já começam a trazer os mesmos danos ao Brasil. Uma característica interessante das espécies invasoras é que elas não compartilham um passado evolutivo com a comunidade invadida. Quando são introduzidas em um novo ambiente, as espécies invasoras ficam sujeitas a mudanças evolutivas que podem nos trazer informações importantes sobre a genética das populações.
Chapa aquecedora artesanal para secagem de meio de montagem de lâminas permanentes
Authors: Leitão Carlos André Espolador
Published: August 2022

A chapa aquecedora é indispensável no preparo de lâminas histológicas permanentes para fins didáticos e de pesquisa. Costuma ser um equipamento volumoso, pesado e relativamente caro. Visando popularizar um equipamento de grande aplicação na melhoria do ensino e na rotina de laboratórios de pesquisa, o presente trabalho objetivou desenvolver e testar uma chapa aquecedora portátil, leve, de baixo custo e facílima manutenção. Para tal fim, foi utilizado material de uso quotidiano. O sistema de aquecimento da chapa é por lâmpadas incandescentes. A chapa foi testada, atingindo a temperatura constante de 58°C, sendo necessário de três a cinco dias para a secagem do bálsamo-do-canadá nas lâminas montadas. A chapa aquecedora é de fácil transporte e armazenamento, pelas suas dimensões e peso. Sua eficácia e seu baixo custo são características que fazem do equipamento uma ótima alternativa para escolas e laboratórios em que se confeccionam lâminas histológicas permanentes.
Baralho mitótico
Authors: Tatsch Helene Mochetti , Sepel Lenira Maria Nunes
Published: August 2022

Um conjunto de imagens, representando as fases típicas da mitose e os momentos de transição entre elas, foi selecionado e editado para uso como baralho. Diferentes dinâmicas de jogo com cartas podem ser aplicadas com este material, tendo como objetivos familiarizar os jogadores com as imagens de células divisionais geradas por microscopia e com a sequência de eventos que correspondem ao desenvolvimento do processo de mitose.
O impacto na sociedade da tecnologia de edição gênica com base no sistema CRISPR-Cas9
Authors: Souza Tiago Alves Jorge de , Pereira Tiago Campos
Published: August 2022

A aparente simplicidade de alguns organismos esconde fantásticos ensinamentos que têm o potencial de modificar a nossa sociedade. A observação e elucidação do sistema imune de bactérias e archaea nas últimas décadas, por exemplo, levou à elaboração de uma versátil ferramenta denominada edição gênica com base no sistema CRISPR-Cas9 (CRISPR). Essa tecnologia tem revolucionado a genética molecular, proporcionando uma forma rápida, simples e eficiente de se editar o genoma de qualquer organismo. A utilização bem sucedida dessa técnica para a produção de animais transgênicos, combate a vetores de doenças e elaboração de estratégias terapêuticas são apenas algumas de suas potencialidades. Assim, o estudo, a difusão e a implementação dessa técnica no ambiente acadêmico e parques industriais poderão trazer enormes benefícios para a população e economia do Brasil e do mundo.
Teoria da evolução em Friends
Authors: Ribeiro Jair Lúcio Prados
Published: August 2022

Em um episódio do seriado Friends, a hippie Phoebe Buffay debate com o doutor em paleontologia Ross Geller a respeito da validade da teoria da evolução. Apresenta-se nesse artigo uma análise da discussão a partir de conceitos da filosofia da ciência, como o problema da demarcação de Karl Popper, os paradigmas de Thomas Kuhn e a validade empírica das teorias científicas de Bas Van Fraassen. Argumenta-se que as temáticas da ciência, por vezes, parecem desconectadas da sociedade, e a filosofia da ciência ainda mais. A abordagem crítica do episódio pode contribuir para diminuir esse afastamento e induzir a práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas.
BIOEDIT
Authors: Maia Rafael Trindade
Published: August 2022

Uma das técnicas mais utilizadas para o estudo de sequências gênicas é o alinhamento sequencial. Esta técnica visa a comparação de sequências biológicas (gênicas ou proteicas) na tentativa de fazer um “pareamento” entre seus caracteres (bases nitrogenadas ou aminoácidos). A utilização desta ferramenta é abrangente e pode ser aplicada à a identificação de motifs conservados, e de suas estruturas secundárias e terciárias; construção de árvores filogenéticas, cladogramas e dendogramas; busca em bancos de dados (data-mining) e busca de sequências homólogas. O alinhamento é amplamente abordado em aulas de genética e bioinformática de diversos cursos, constando na ementa de várias disciplinas. Ao ensinar este conteúdo, é imprescindível que o professor, após uma abordagem teórica, utilize uma ferramenta de alinhamento para uma prática computacional.
Biotecnologia em jogo
Authors: Meloni Jéssica S. , Spiegel Carolina N. , Gomes Suzete A.O.
Published: August 2022

A atividade apresenta um jogo de tabuleiro investigativo e cooperativo através do qual os alunos são convidados a fazer parte de um laboratório de biotecnologia e têm como desafio a fabricação da vacina recombinante contra o HPV. As equipes formadas são representadas por peões e percorrem o tabuleiro para coletarem tanto Cartas Problema associadas ao HPV e ação das vacinas quanto Cartas Informação que abordam temas como a ação de enzimas, transcrição e tradução de genes. À medida que são solucionados os problemas, são disponibilizados modelos 3D do HPV, DNA viral, plasmídeo e proteínas recombinantes.
Procedimento de priorização de indicadores para projetos Kaizen baseado em método multicritério
Authors: Rodrigues Marcos Rogério , Filleti Remo Augusto Padovezi , De Oliveira Maria Célia , Helleno André Luís
Published: August 2022

O método Kaizen tem como objetivo principal a redução dos custos operacionais por meio da melhoria contínua. Apesar da importância do uso dessa técnica, os resultados obtidos a partir da implantação de projeto Kaizen podem ser limitados, caso não haja um alinhamento entre seus objetivos e as diretivas da empresa. Para superar essa possível adversidade, o presente estudo propõe um procedimento para classificar projetos Kaizen por meio da priorização de seus indicadores, a partir do método multicritério Analytic Hierarchy Process (“Processo Analítico Hierárquico”, em português). Uma vez definido e estruturado o procedimento, ele foi aplicado por meio de um estudo de caso em uma empresa do ramo de máquinas e equipamentos da região de Campinas. Durante a realização do estudo de caso, três líderes de produção foram entrevistados para que avaliassem cinco projeto Kaizen diferentes em relação a quatro indicadores globais da empresa: Pessoal, Qualidade, Velocidade e Financeiro. A partir das avaliações individuais de cada líder para cada projeto, lançou-se mão de um método agregativo (i.e., média geométrica) para unificar os resultados de cada projeto e, assim, classificá-los de acordo com a aderência de cada um deles aos indicadores globais estudados.
IMPLEMENTASI OPTOCOUPLER PC817 DAN RELAY SEBAGAI I/O SISTEM REMOTE RESET AXLE COUNTER AZ S 350 U MENGGUNAKAN STM32F103C8T6 DENGAN ETHERNET CLIENT UNTUK HUBUNGAN STASIUN WELERI-KRENGSENG
Authors: Oktafian Nabilla Sasky , Ariyanto Eko
Published: August 2022

Dalam kasus error counting (kegagalan perhitungan gandar kereta api) sistem axle counter Az  S 350 U, diperlukan adanya reset untuk menormalkan kembali sistem, sehingga track dapat dilintasi kembali. Akan tetapi, reset hanya dapat dilakukan dari stasiun tempat terjadinya error counting tersebut, sehingga muncul permasalahan adanya ketidakefisienan waktu, karena mengharuskan petugas datang ke stasiun terkait, dan total waktu reset yang diperlukan ± 30 menit. Oleh karena itu diperlukan alat yang dapat membuat kendali reset dari jarak jauh (remote reset).

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan model pengembangan perangkat lunaknya menggunakan model realisasi, pada studi kasus hubungan Stasiun Weleri-Krengseng. Sistem yang dirancang terdiri dari 2 buah alat, yaitu client pada Stasiun Krengseng, dan server pada Stasiun Weleri, dengan masing-masing controller yang digunakan adalah STM32F103C8T6. Alat pada Stasiun Krengseng (client) dirancang untuk mendeteksi kondisi axle counter terhadap track menggunakan optocoupler PC817, dan hasilnya akan dikirimkan kepada server sebagai input dari sistem remote reset. Selain itu, client juga melakukan melakukan fungsi reset menggunakan relay, dengan mempertimbangkan command reset (output sistem remote reset) dari server, yang dikirimkan melalui jaringan LAN (Local Area Network) dan media transmisi fiber optik.

Dengan adanya alat ini, kondisi axle counter terhadap track pada Stasiun Krengseng dapat terpantau oleh Stasiun Weleri, dan Stasiun Weleri dapat melakukan remote reset terhadap axle counter Stasin Krengseng, dengan total waktu reset yang diperlukan adalah < 3 detik, dengan waktu < 1 detik untuk relay reset me-respond command reset dari server.
Pengaruh Inflasi dan Non-Performing Loans (NPL) Terhadap Return on Equity (ROE) Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) Indonesia
Authors: Hastasari Ratih , Suharini
Published: August 2022

Penelitian dibuat untuk melihat pengaruh inflasi dan Non-performing Loan (NPL) terhadap profitabilitas BPR Indonesia secara nasional dengan pemilihan Return On Equity (ROE) sebagai indikator profitabilitas. Data diambil melalui website resmi BPS, dan dari statistik perbankan Indonesia pada website resmi OJK tahun 2019 - 2021. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode analisis statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dengan ordinary least square (OLS), dan pada data terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji asumsi klasik untuk memastikan bahwa data layak dan valid untuk dianalisa. Dari hasil analisa uji-t didapatkan nilai signifikansi inflasi secara parsial dengan nilai sig.t 0.227 > 0.05 dan NPL secara parsial dengan nilai sig.t 0.932 > 0.05. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kedua variabel secara parsial tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ROE.
Implementasi International Class Program sebagai Upaya Terwujudnya World Class University di Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Authors: Izzi Muhamad Nur Lutfi Ainul , Ramadhani Ismatul Maula , Salsabila Rifdah , Saifuddin Ikhwan
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi international class program yang diselenggarakan untuk mewujudkan world class university. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan tiga cara yakni observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa implementasi international class program yang diselenggarakan oleh fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Surabaya disebut dengan “kelas unggulan” yang diperuntukkan khusus bagi mahasiswa yang memiliki keistimewaan dan sistem pengajaran menggunakan billingual yakni bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris. Dengan adanya program tersebut, akan berpengaruh secara signifikan bagi kualitas Fakultas MIPA dan Universitas Negeri Surabaya di kelas dunia.
Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Materi IPS Melalui Asesmen For Learning
Authors: Ismaya Dewi Maulina
Published: August 2022

Kesulitan belajar siswa akan materi pelajaran IPS dalam masa menyambut kurikulum merdeka, menjadi dasar dilakukan penelitian berupa penelitian tindakan kelas.  Bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial kelas VII melalui penerapan assesmen for learning. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus yaitu siklus I selama 4 kali pertemuan dan siklus II selama 2 kali pertemuan. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat tiga aspek dalam asesmen for learning, yaitu hasil belajar, penilaian portofolio, dan partisipasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kelas VII MTsS Ummi Kulsum yang berjumlah 23 orang. Data yang terkumpul diolah dengan menggunakan analisis mixed methodes. Hasil pada siklus II sebesar 79,3 kategori sangat tinggi dengan standar deviasi 9 menunjukkan mengalami peningkatan.
ROL DE LAS MUJERES EMPRENDEDORAS Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LAS RELACIONES FAMILIARES
Authors: Espinoza Sánchez Josselyn Lisbeth , Romero Chávez Sandra Auxiliadora , Menéndez Menéndez Fabián Gustavo
Published: August 2022

Actualmente el rol que toman las mujeres dentro de la familia resulta indispensable. Ellassuelen ser la base de la economía familiar, lo que pone en riesgo sus relaciones intrafamiliares. La Corporación de Productores de cacao fino de aroma de la parroquia San Plácido apoya a este grupo de mujeres al brindarles la oportunidad de formar parte de su equipo de profesionales encargados de generar productos de valor agregado (pasta de cacao, chocolates, manjar de cacao y bombones) a partir del grano del cacao y, consecuentemente, la posibilidad de ofrecerles un trabajo estable, capacitaciones brindadas por organizaciones cooperantes, que finalmente, contribuyen a su estabilidad socio-económica y emocional. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar el rol de las mujeres emprendedoras y su incidencia dentro del núcleo familiar del grupo de trabajadoras de la Corporación de Productores de Cacao Fino de Aroma de la parroquia San Plácido cantón Portoviejo, año 2022 bajo un enfoque, cuali-cuantitativo y una metodología descriptiva los cuales permitieron la revisión, análisis y recolección de la información mediante la realización de una encuesta desarrolladapara las 15 mujeres que forman parte del equipo de trabajadoras de la Corporación lo que permitió establecer que, la incorporación de la mujer emprendedora ha tenido repercusiones positivas dentro de la empresa pero que esto incide en la estructura familiar.
Understanding Open Educational Resources
Authors: Butcher Neil , Moore Andrew
Published: August 2022

The fact that you are reading this lesson suggests that you have heard of open educational resources (OER). Currently, there is a lot of buzz about OER. Some see them as totally revolutionising how we bring learning materials into our education system and use them, while others see OER from a more pragmatic perspective. Before we start looking at OER, including their origin, benefits and challenges, it is important to consider the problems that we are facing today in education. While these problems range, in different countries, from lack of access to poor quality, there is a common thread in most: low availability of good-quality educational materials. Although learning materials are available, the cost of access in many locations is very high and increases each year. For example, the cost of college textbooks in the United States increased 82 per cent between 2002 and 2013— three times the rate of inflation.1 According to the College Board, in the 2014–15 academic year, students in the USA spent about USD 1200 each on textbooks.2 Another study indicated that 65 per cent of U.S. students do not buy textbooks due to prohibitive costs, despite being concerned about grades.3 Is this not alarming? While there are many other reasons to support OER, the cost issue is a primary factor in their growing popularity amongst students and teachers.
PENTINGNYA KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA BAGI INDUSTRI PARIWISATA
Authors: Maharani Mira
Published: August 2022

Besarnya potensi pariwisata mendorong pelaku usaha menawarkan berbagai keunggulan dari kegiatan wisata dari setiap tempat wisata yang dikelolanya untuk menarik wisatawan, namun terkadang banyak pengelola yang melupakan atau menganggap enteng mengenai kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja bagi tenaga kerja maupun wisatawan yang berkunjung. Sedangkan sudah tertuang dalam Undang-Undang No. 10 Tahun 2009, untuk menyediakan informasi kepariwisataan, perlindungan hukum, serta keamanan dan keselamatan kepada wisatawan. Maka penerapan K3 ini sangat penting yang diharapkan dapat meminimalisir terjadinya hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan pada wisatawan dan menjaga kesejahteraan bagi tenaga kerja pariwisata.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WOMEN FIG MEMBERS AND THEIR GROUP DYNAMICS EFFECTIVENESS
Authors:   Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Saikiran Chintakindi , Vyas H. U. ,   Navsari Agricultural University, Dhandhukia R. D. ,   Navsari Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

The women FIG is a self-managed, independent group of women farmers with a shared goal and interest. The members work together to achieve one common goal by pooling their existing resources, gaining better access to other resources and to share in the resulting benefits. The present study was carried out in Navsari district of Gujarat State, shows the relation between the selected personal, social and psychological characteristics of the women FIG members and their group dynamics effectiveness. Among the selected personal, social and psychological variables training received, market facility, social participation, extension contact, economic motivation, market orientation, innovativeness, achievement motivation, and attitude towards collectivism were exerted positive and significant relationship and age of FIGs members was found to be negatively and significantly correlated. Rest variables viz., education, occupation and annual income of FIGs members failed to show any significant relationship with their group dynamics effectiveness.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF COTTON GROWERS AND THEIR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Anand Agricultural University, Rathwa Y. H. , Bochalya B. C. ,   Junagadh Agricultural University, Reddy Suraji Yugender ,   Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

The present investigation was carried out in three talukas of surendranagar district of Gujarat state, where maximun land under cotton cultivation. From each selected taluka four villages were selected randomly. Thus, total twelve villages were surveyed during the study. From each selected village, 10 farmers were considered as respondents, thus total 120 farmers, who grow the cotton crop, were considered as respondents for the present study. The ex-post facto research design was used for the research study. It can be enunciated that among the selected twelve variables. Nine variables viz. Education, farm experience, training received, annual income, social participation, mass media exposure, scientific orientation, risk orientation and innovativeness had exerted positive and significant influence on knowledge of cotton growers about Integrated Pest Management. Three variables viz. age, size of family and land holding failed to show any significant contribution in knowledge of cotton growers about Integrated Pest Management.
DECISION MAKING OF FARM WOMEN IN DAIRY OCCUPATION
Authors:   Kamdhenu University, Chaudhari R. U. , Patel U. M. ,   Kamdhenu University, Thorat G. N. ,   Anand Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Farm women's decision making in dairy occupation affects their overall efficiency in the development of dairy occupation but adequate attention is not being paid for the economic development of farm women and to encourage them to avail training facilities on dairy management practices for supplementing their family income through development and application of occupational skills and proficiency. The present study was conducted in Banaskantha district of Gujarat state. From Banaskantha District, four talukas were selected randomly. From selected three taluka, four villages each and from one taluka three villages were selected constituting 15 villages and ten farm women were selected randomly from each village having dairy occupation making a sample of 150 farm women. Overall decision making of farm women in dairy occupation was found largest in the aspect of feeding followed by milk and milk products, breeding, management and general aspects. It was observed that majority of farm women were found medium level of decision making in dairy occupation. The independent variable like social participation, source of information, knowledge and size of land holding were highly significant while, herd size was significantly correlated with the decision making of the farm women in dairy occupation.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUNDNUT GROWERS AND THEIR LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PLANT PROTECTION MEASURES
Authors:   RK University, Gajera R. H. , Raval K. N. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Shaikh A. S. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Groundnut is an important oilseed crop in India which occupies first position in terms of area and second position in terms of production. The study was undertaken in Banaskantha district of Gujarat state during 2019-20. Three talukas viz., Deesa, Lakhani and Dantiwada were selected purposively having higher areas under groundnut cultivation in the district, (Anonymous 2019). Five villages from each selected taluka were selected randomly. Further from each selected village, ten groundnut growers were randomly selected comprising of 150 respondents. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for this study. The data were collected by personal contact method with help of structured interview schedule and data were coded, classified, tabulated and analysed in the light of objectives. Eight independent and one dependent variables were selected for study. The independent variables viz., education, land holding, annual income, extension participation, source of information and scientific orientation were positively and highly significantly associated with knowledge about plant protection measures. While, age and social participation had non-significant correlation with knowledge about plant protection measures.
AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION AMONG THE FARMERS
Authors:   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Dudhatara H. C. , Patel J. K. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Raval K. N. ,   Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Agricultural diversification is slowly picking up momentum in favor of high value food commodities primarily to enhancement of income rather than the traditional concept of risk management. The nature of diversification differs across regions due to existence of wide heterogeneity in agro-climatic and socio-economic environments. It was considered interesting to delineate the key regions and sub-sectors of agriculture where diversification was catching up fast. Crops, livestock, horticulture and forestry constitute the core sectors of agriculture. Total 160 respondents were selected from sixteen villages belongs to Dhanera, Deesa, Vadgam and Lakhani talukas of Banaskantha district of Gujarat state. The data were collected by personal contact method with help of structured interview schedule and data were coded, classified, tabulated and analyzed in the light of objectives. The appropriate statistical methods were used for analysis of data. The result found that Vast majority of the respondents had medium to low level of crop diversification, had medium level of enterprise diversification and nearly three fourth of the respondents had medium to high level of agricultural diversification. Whereas, in case of nature of diversification two fifth of the respondents had diversified their agriculture by Shift from one crop to another crop from less remunerative crops to more remunerative crops both and majority of the respondents had diversified addition of new enterprises to exiting profile.
A TEST TO MEASURE THE KNOWLEDGE OF INPUT DEALERS ON CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, C. Madhu Latha , Kadian K. S. ,   ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Patil N. D. Chethan ,   ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute
Published: August 2022

The present study was undertaken for the development of a knowledge test to measure the knowledge levels of input dealers those who have undergone a diploma course and those who have not undergone the course which in turn measures the impact of a One-year Diploma in Agricultural Extension Services for Input Dealers (DAESI) course" which is started by MANAGE on capacity building of farmers. To measure the effectiveness of the program in imparting knowledge to the input dealers a knowledge test was constructed. The study mainly contemplates to find out the knowledge of input dealers regarding cotton, paddy and chilly production technologies. 60 Pertinent items were collected covering all aspects of selected crop production technologies. After getting jury opinion on the items of test index of item difficulty, index of item discrimination and index of item validity were worked out. Finally, Items with difficulty level indices ranging from 0.25 to 0.75 and discrimination indices above 0.20 are selected. To administer the knowledge test a respondent is given one mark for each correct answer and zero marks for each wrong answer. Thirty items were finally selected from 60 items. The test so developed finally consists of 30 statements for cotton, paddy and chilly production technologies. The reliability for the whole test was calculated using point biserial correlation.
EFFECT OF IPM/IRM STRATEGIES FOR PINK BOLLWORM, PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA SAUNDERS INFESTING BTCOTTON
Authors:   Navsari Agricultural University, Patel R. D. , Desai H. R. ,   Navsari Agricultural University, Bhanderi G. R. ,   Navsari Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Farmers had initiated indiscriminate use of insecticides against pink bollworm and incurred high cost of managing. Unless extension initiatives to create awareness to manage pink bollworm, the situation may further lead to yield losses, distress of cotton farmers and threat to sustainability that in turn will have a cascading effect on textile industries and economy. Keeping in view, pink bollworm management strategies comprising of timely sowing, use of refuge, recommended nutrition, monitoring through pheromone traps, release of bio-control agent, recommended insecticide sprays at ETL, field sanitation and timely termination of the crop formulated by ICAR-CICR, Nagpur were disseminated and demonstrated to 50 beneficiary farmers in irrigated tract of Valia taluka of Bharuch district. Amongst sucking pests population, aphid, thrips and leafhopper had crossed ETL once and whitefly and mealybug remained below ETL during the season in IRM-FLD plots whereas aphid, thrips and leafhopper crossed ETL 4, 1 and 5 times, respectively whereas whitefly and mealybug remain below ETL during the season in non-IRM plots. Sucking pests required average 2.90 sprays in IRM-FLDs plots whereas slightly higher 3.00 in non IRM plot. For pink bollworm management, 2.20 and 2.70 sprays were targeted by farmers under IRM and non-IRM plots condition, respectively. Seed cottonyield varied from 830 to 979 kg/acre and from 810 to 968 kg/acre under IRM and non IRM condition, respectively. The net return was found higher in IRM plots (Rs. 21,500 to 27,875/acre) than the non IRM (Rs. 18,740 to 25,663/acre). The FLDs and outreach extension activities aided in educating and percolating technology to adjacent periphery of the region.
SENSITIZATION AMONGST FARMERS TOWARDS HAZARDOUS EFFECTS OF AGROCHEMICALS
Authors:   Anand Agricultural University, Gajera Sweta D. , Patel J. B. ,   Anand Agricultural University
Published: August 2022

Pesticide poisoning is a huge global health issue that is particularly widespread in developing countries. It can cause a variety of human health problems depending on their toxicity, frequency and duration of exposure. Hazardous effects of agrochemicals will be reduced if the farmers become more sensitive of the proper use pattern of agrochemicals (pesticides) and follow prescribed self-protection mechanisms. The study assessed the sensitization amongst farmers towards hazardous effects of agrochemicals. A questionnaire-based simple random sampling survey was conducted on 120 farmers of Anand and Kheda districts of Gujarat state. The statistical measures, such as SPSS and Microsoft excel were used. Slightly more than three-fourth (76.67 per cent) of the farmers had an average level of sensitization. Training received (0.437) and Social participation (0.364) of farmers had a positive and highly significant correlation with their sensitization towards hazardous effects of agrochemicals. This study will assisted entomologist, pathologist and environmentalist for the implementing the training programmes related to safe handling and use of recommended doses of application of plant protection chemicals.
KENTSEL AÇIK YEŞİL ALANLARIN KURAKÇIL PEYZAJ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ ANKARA ALTINPARK ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇORBACI Ömer Lütfü , EKREN Erdi
Published: August 2022

Günümüzün en büyük sorunlarından birisi olan ve beraberinde birçok çevre sorununu getiren kentleşme doğal kaynakların bilinçsiz bir şekilde hızla tükenmesine neden olmaktadır. Kentleşme ile birlikte açık ve yeşil alanlar azalmakta böylece küresel ısınmanın etkisi artmaktadır. Bunun sonucunda dünyanın karşılaştığı en yıkıcı küresel çevre sorunlarından biri olan kuraklık gözlenmeye başlamıştır. Alternatifi olmayan ve insanlar tarafından üretilemeyen doğal kaynaklardan biri olan su üzerindeki baskı kontrolsüz ve hızlı kentleşme ile birlikte yollar ve binalar gibi geçirimsiz yapıların inşa edilmesi ile artmaktadır. Bu sorunların önüne geçilebilmesi için ekolojik temelli planlama yaklaşımlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda, peyzaj alanlarında suyun en akılcı kullanımını sağlayan planlama prensiplerini içeren Xeriscape (Kurakçıl peyzaj) kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kavram kısaca, çevreyi koruyan ve su tüketimini minimuma indiren kaliteli peyzaj yaratma tekniği olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, iklim değişikliği etkileri kapsamında kullanma suyu kıtlığı yaşayacağı öngörülen Ankara’nın önemli kentsel açık yeşil alanlarından biri olan Altınpark’ın kurakçıl peyzaj açısından değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışma alanında kullanıldığı tespit edilen 180 bitki taksonu; familya, yaşam formu, yaprak durumu ve su isteği bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda alanda en çok (29 bitki taksonu) Rosaceae familyası gözlemlenmiştir. 180 bitkiden; 70’inin doğal, 110’unun egzotik olduğu ve su isteği az, az-orta ve orta olan bitki sayısının ise 159 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu bitkilerin kurakçıl peyzaj çalışmalarında kullanımları ile ilgili çeşitli öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
SISTEM KOMPENSASI PADA PT. BERKAH BANUA KITA
Authors: Saputra Riky Welli , Rahmina Nadia , Gadi Rizalul
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the compensation system at PT. Blessings of our Banua. The research method used is descriptive method, data collection techniques using documentation, observation and interviews, while the data analysis technique used is qualitative analysis. The results show that the Compensation System implemented by PT Berkah Banua Kita is a time system, where salaries are given every month based on the Regency/City Minimum Wage and Incentives Per Quarter, Overtime Wage System is given to employees who exceed the workload of more than 40 hours of work per week. . The Compensation Policy implemented is Direct Financial Compensation including basic salary according to the City Minimum Wage and Incentives given every three months, Overtime Wages, Holiday Allowances (THR) given during Religious Holidays such as Eid al-Fitr and Leave Allowances which are still given to Employees, Indirect Financial Compensation, namely through the provision of Health and Employment benefits and Non-Financial compensation.
Keywords: Direct Financial Compensation, Salary, Benefits, Incentives, City Minimum Wage
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Sistem Kompensasi Pada PT. Berkah Banua Kita. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah Analisa Kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sistem Kompensasi yang diterapkan oleh PT Berkah Banua Kita adalah sistem waktu, dimana gaji diberikan setiap bulan berdasarkan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota dan Insentif Per Tri Wulan, Sistem Upah Lembur yang diberikan kepada Karyawan yang melebihi beban kerja diatas 40 Jam Kerja perminggu. Kebijakan Kompensasi yang dilaksanakan adalah Kompensasi Finansial Langsung meliputi gaji pokok sesuai Upah Minimum Kota dan Insentif yang diberikan per Tiga Bulan Sekali, Upah Lembur, Tunjangan Hari Raya (THR) yang diberikan pada saat Hari Raya Keagamaan seperti Idul Fitri dan Tunjangan Cuti yang tetap diberikan kepada Karyawan, Kompensasi Finansial Tidak Langsung yaitu melalui pemberian tunjangan Kesehatan dan Ketenagakerjaan dan kompensasi Non Finansial
Kata Kunci : Kompensasi Finansial Langsung, Gaji, Tunjangan, Insentif, Upah Minimum Kota
Kearifan Universal dalam Perspektif Realisme Religius Comenius
Authors: Wibowo Teguh , A Novita Rully
Published: August 2022

John Amos Comenius dengan gagasannya seputar kearifan universal, pengetahuan, dan pendidikan. Comenius dikenal sebagai tokoh realisme religius dan pendidikan modern. Suatu jalinan pola yang saling terkait. Realisme adalah suatu aliran filsafat yang memiliki cakupan luas. Realisme adalah pandangan bahwa semua benda atau objek indera adalah nyata dan berada sendiri, tanpa bersandar kepada pengetahuan lain atau kesadaran akal. Tujuan utama pendidikan moral adalah untuk keselamatan jiwa. Anak harus mampu belajar menjaga hati dalam dirinya dan menjauhi dosa. Tuhan akan menawarkan keselamatan bagi makhluk-Nya, dan makhluk-Nya harus bisa menentukan apakah akan menerima atau tidak tawaran tersebut. Hal ini akan menyebabkan kebiasan dalam membuat keputusan yang benar.

Comenius melihat pendidikan sebagai daya pemersatu umat manusia. Ia yakin bahwa karakter atau pendidikan universal dapat turut memelihara perdamaian dunia. Ia juga mengaitkan pengetahuan keilahian dan percaya dengan memperoleh pengetahuan, umat manusia pada akhirnya diarahkan kepada Allah. Comenius juga menulis tentang caranya memimpin pengajaran, ia menulis, “Para siswa hendaknya tidak terlalu dibebani dengan pelajaran yang tidak cocok dengan usia, daya pemahaman, dan keadaan pada saat itu”. Gagasan pendidikan Comenius meliputi: pendidikan untuk semua orang, belajar itu bersifat alami, belajar dengan tahapan mudah, belajar dengan bermain, dan belajar sepanjang hayat
Inkjet Printing of Functional Inks for Smart Products
Authors: Buga Cláudia , C. Viana Júlio
Published: August 2022

Inkjet printing is a recent promising technology for direct patterning of solution-based materials over different substrates. It is particularly interesting for applications in the flexible electronics field and smart products manufacturing, as it allows for rapid prototyping, design freedom, and is compatible with conductive, semiconductive, and dielectric inks that can be cured at low temperatures over several types of substrates. Moreover, the inkjet process allows for ink economization, since great electrical conductivity can be achieved despite the deposition of small volumes of ink. This chapter describes the overall process, the main inks and their features, the critical process variables, and its limitations. Applications related to inkjet printing of functional materials and smart products are highlighted. New technology advancements and trends are finally addressed.
Halide Perovskites as Emerging Anti-Counterfeiting Materials Contribute to Smart Flow of Goods
Authors: Zhou Ziren , Xie Jin , Hou Yu
Published: August 2022

The counterfeiting of goods is a fast-growing issue worldwide, being a risk to human health, financial safety, and national security. Customized anti-counterfeiting patterning technologies enable unclonable tags on products, which ensure the reliable and convenient flow of goods such as daily foods, prescription medicines, and value-added components. In this chapter, we start with the introduction of recent advances of anti-counterfeiting technologies that generate unique physical tags on products for encryption and information storage. Various halide perovskite-based materials and their fabrication techniques for unreplicable luminescent patterns are then discussed, with a particular focus on the intelligent encoding principles that correlate with the chromism and other special optical readout of materials. The multilevel anti-counterfeiting functions that allow high-throughput authentication of products within a single tag are also exemplified, through which the increasing security demands can be fulfilled. We finally discuss the current issues encountered by perovskite anti-counterfeiting technologies and outline their future directions toward smarter and safer flow of goods.
Recent Updates in the Management of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy
Authors: Jeddy Rafiea
Published: August 2022

Monochorionic pregnancies are at high risk of developing severe complications leading to high perinatal morbidity and mortality. About 15% of these twins have unidirectional anastomosis of the placenta, which is responsible for the major complications specific to monochorionic pregnancies. An important first step in the management is the identification of the chorionicity. Once it is identified, a close follow-up every 2 weeks is vital to allow early detection of complications and their management. Approximately 1 in 10 monochorionic pregnancies develops twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, congenital anomalies, anaemia polycythaemia sequence, selective intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine death of a co-twin. Rare complications that can occur are twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome. Timely screening and detection of all such complications can lead to appropriate intervention such as in utero foetoscopic laser treatment. These interventions can increase the survival rate of at least one or both twins with reduced neonatal morbidity. Besides, early detection can facilitate parents to have an informed choice to decide if the prognosis of the pregnancy is otherwise not good.
Sexual Abuse in Childhood: Emerging Syndromes in Adulthood
Authors: Quiroga-Garza Angélica , José Almela-Ojeda María
Published: August 2022

The high prevalence in Mexico of both child sexual abuse and emerging psychopathological syndromes in adulthood, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder, self-injurious behavior, and suicide, makes it necessary to investigate in greater depth the relationship between these circumstances. The findings on the incidence in Mexico and the interaction of these variables would make it possible to propose public policies with scientific support for the protection of children and to design intervention programs for adult victims of child abuse at risk due to psychopathological symptoms. To understand the interaction of child abuse events and adult emerging syndromes in the Mexican population, we conducted quantitative, correlational-comparative research. The findings have implications for clinical and social practice. It is necessary to continue working with families, carrying out preventive measures for all forms of domestic violence (physical, sexual, economic, negligence) that cause intentional harm to the children who suffer it, and its consequences remain until adult life.
Takayasu Arteritis: Review in Pediatrics
Authors: Rivera Melisa , Heriberto López-Beltrán Jose , Frisia Morales-López Blanca
Published: August 2022

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is classified as a large-vessel vasculitis, and it primarily affects the aorta and principal branches. The clinical presentation in pediatric patients is odd and there are few literature about it because of its low incidence and nonspecific clinical presentation. The standardized diagnosis of TA is by imaging support, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). When using CT, angio-CT is recommended because it will allow us to observe the caliber of the arteries, wall changes, and level of stenosis. The study should include the aortic arch, abdominal aorta, visceral branches, and iliac arteries taking into account that the mainly affected arteries are the left subclavian, abdominal aorta, right renal artery, and descending chest aorta. In the same way in the study, four imaging patterns of TA can be identified: variable decrease in the luminal diameter of the aorta and arteries, total occlusion, fusiform and saccular aneurysm, and irregular contour of the aortic wall. Identifying TA findings is important for early diagnosis, medical management, and proper monitoring specifically in pediatric patients where literature is little available.
Perspective Chapter: Trauma from Occlusion – Practical Management Guidelines
Authors: Shetty Prashanth , Hegde Shweta , Chelkar Shubham , Chaturvedi Rahul , Pochhi Shruti , Shrivastava Aakanksha , Lakshmi Dudala , Mukherjee Shreya , Bajaj Pankaj , Asif Raza Shahzada
Published: August 2022

Occlusal trauma is trauma to the periodontium from functional or parafunctional force’s causing damage to the teeth and its attachment apparatus by exceeding its adaptive and reparative capacities. Occlusal instability is a common cause for trauma from occlusion, resulting in numerous complications. It often leads to interference which reflexively shifts or slides the jaw forward on one or both the side to find a spot where most teeth come together. This action protects the teeth from injury caused by chewing on just one tooth. Overtime, this shift can cause a whole host of problems from TMJ pain, post restorative complications, headache, tooth sensitivity, recession, broken and loss of teeth and orofacial pain. These occlusal interferences and bite discrepancies are treatable with minimally invasive dentistry. Occlusal equilibration is a therapy that is used when the cause of trauma is due to occlusal instability. This involves the reshaping of the teeth where the improper biting surfaces are located. The key lies in decoding the cause, but often treatment is only directed towards the effects. Only a thorough evaluation and occlusal analysis will lead to a definitive diagnosis that will help in better anticipation of the damages.
Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency, Growth Mechanism and Design of III–V Nanowire-Based Solar Cells: Review
Authors: Takele Geldasa Fikadu
Published: August 2022

Nanowires (NWs) are 1D nanostructures with unique and wonderful optical and electrical properties. Due to their highly anisotropic shape and enormous index of refraction, they behave as optical antennae with improved absorption and emission properties, and thus better photovoltaic cell efficiency compared to a planar material with equivalent volume. Implying important advantages of reduced material usage and cost as well as due to its direct bandgap and its flexibility for designing solar cells, we choose to review III–V NWs. Their bandgap can easily be tunable for growing on the cheapest Si substrate. The recent developments in NW-based photovoltaics with attractive III–V NWs with different growth mechanisms, device fabrication, and performance results are studied. Recently, III–V NW solar cells have achieved an interesting efficiency above 10%. GaAsP NW has achieved 10.2%; InP NW has achieved 13.8%; GaAs NW has achieved 15.3%; and moreover the highest 17.8% efficiency is achieved by InP NW. While the III–V NW solar cells are much more vital and promising, their current efficiencies are still much lower than the theoretically predicted maximum efficiency of 48%. In this review, the chapter focused on the synthesis processes of III–V nanowires, vapor-liquid-solid growing mechanisms, solar light harvesting of III–V nanowire solar cells, and designing high-efficiency and low-cost III–V nanowire solar cells.
Neurophysiology of Emotions
Authors: Oggiano Maurizio
Published: August 2022

Emotions are automatic and primary patterns of purposeful cognitive-behavioral organizations. They have three main functions: coordination, signaling, and information. First, emotions coordinate organs and tissues, thus predisposing the body to peculiar responses. Scholars have not reached a consensus on the plausibility of emotion-specific response patterns yet. Despite the limitations, data support the hypothesis of specific response patterns for distinct subtypes of emotions. Second, emotional episodes signal the current state of the individual. Humans display their state with verbal behaviors, nonverbal actions (e.g., facial movements), and neurovegetative signals. Third, emotions inform the brain for interpretative and evaluative purposes. Emotional experiences include mental representations of arousal, relations, and situations. Every emotional episode begins with exposure to stimuli with distinctive features (i.e., elicitor). These inputs can arise from learning, expressions, empathy, and be inherited, or rely on limited aspects of the environment (i.e., sign stimuli). The existence of the latter ones in humans is unclear; however, emotions influence several processes, such as perception, attention, learning, memory, decision-making, attitudes, and mental schemes. Overall, the literature suggests the nonlinearity of the emotional process. Each section outlines the neurophysiological basis of elements of emotion.