bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy, ontogeny and paleoecology of two species ofHarbiniaTSAO, 1959 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from the Santana Formation, Lower Cretaceous, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Antonietto Lucas Silveira , Gobbo Silvia Regina , Do Carmo Dermeval Aparecido , Assine Mário Luiz , Fernandes Maria Alice Morgado Castanheira Cordeiro , Silva José Eduardo Lima E
Published: July 2012

The Araripe Basin is the most extensive interior basin in northeastern Brazil, comprising areas of Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco states. The Santana Formation, attributed to the Aptian–?lower Albian age of the basin, is subdivided into two members, Crato and Romualdo, which bear an abundant fossil record of plant fragments, arthropods and vertebrates, especially 3D-preserved fishes. The present study focuses on the taxonomy, ontogeny and paleoecology of two ostracode species from the Romualdo Member and the top section of the Crato Member (Ipubi layers),Harbinia salitrensis(Krömmelbein and Weber, 1971) emend. andH. altanew species. The ontogenetic series for both species are illustrated, except for the A-8 instar;H. salitrensisis also redescribed. The present work is also the first to produce quantitative information about the paleoecology of the Santana Formation based on ostracode populations. The results obtained from analyses of the population age-structure of both species, in addition to dominance (Simpson) and diversity index (Shannon) values, corroborated previous data on the studied sequence. According to these results, the strata were deposited in a limnic, low-to-moderate energy environment with salinity levels varying from oligohaline to mesohaline. The new data indicate the possibility of these environments also being hypersaline.
Different modes of migration among Late Cretaceous ammonoids in northwestern Hokkaido, Japan: evidence from the analyses of shell whorls
Authors: Ikeda Yasufumi , Wani Ryoji
Published: July 2012

The thickness ratios of shell whorls (=whorl breadth/shell diameter) in the ammonoidsDamesites sugata(Forbes, 1845),Hypophylloceras subramosum(Shimizu, 1934), andGaudryceras tenuiliratumYabe, 1903 from Late Cretaceous outer shelf deposits in the Kotanbetsu area of northwestern Hokkaido, Japan, were examined in order to determine their mode of migration. The thickness ratios ofD. sugatadiffer significantly with depth on the outer shelf environment but show no significant difference laterally at a similar depth. These results suggest thatD. sugatadid not frequently migrate to different depths on the outer shelf environment but tended to live and migrate laterally at a similar depth on the outer shelf. The thickness ratios ofH. subramosumandG. tenuiliratumshow no significant difference between different depths on the outer shelf environment or for lateral direction at a similar depth. This suggests thatH. subramosumandG. tenuiliratumfrequently migrated at different depths on the outer shelf environment and laterally at a similar depth. There is no difference in hatchling diameters in all the examined species at different depths on the outer shelf environment, suggesting that the thickness ratios became manifest after the post-hatchling stage due to limited migration, which would have been in a nektobenthic habitat. The various modes of migration in the study area are reconstructed in this study, suggesting diversified paleoecology of Late Cretaceous ammonoids.
Structures of Membrane Electrode Assembly Catalyst Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Leon Yu Tzyy-Lung , Lin Hsiu-Li , Su Po-Hao , Wang Guan-Wen
Published: July 2012

In this paper, we modify the conventional 5-layer membrane electrode assembly (MEA, in which a proton
exchange membrane (PEM) is located at its center, two Pt-C-40 (Pt on carbon powder support, Pt content 40 wt.%)
catalyst layers (CLs) are located on the surfaces of the both sides of the PEM and two gas diffusion layers (GDLs) are
attached next on the outer surfaces of two Pt-C-40 layers) and propose 7-layer and 9-layer MEAs by coating thin Pt-black
CLs at the interfaces between the Pt-C-40 layer and the GDL and between the PEM and the Pt-C-40 layer and reducing
the Pt-C-40 loading. The reduced Pt loading quantity of the Pt-C-40 layer is equal to the increased Pt loading quantity of
the Pt-black layer, thus the total amount of Pt loadings in the unmodified conventional MEA and the modified MEAs are
at a fixed Pt loading quantity. These modified MEAs may complicate the manufacture process. The main advantage of
these 7- and 9-layer MEAs is the thinner CL thickness and thus lower CL proton transport resistance. Because of the thin
Pt-black layer thickness in MEA, we avoid agglomeration of the Pt-black particles and maintain high Pt catalytic activity.
We show these new CL structure MEAs have better fuel cells performance than the conventional 5-layer MEA.
Stark broadening parameter tables for O VII and Mg XI
Authors: Dimitrijevic M.S. , Sahal−Bréchot S.
Published: July 2012

By using the semiclassical-perturbation formalism, we have calculated
electron-, proton-, and He III-impact line widths and shifts for 14 O VII
multiplets and 18 Mg XI multiplets, of importance for research, diagnostic
and modeling of various astrophysical, laser produced, fusion and laboratory
plasmas. For O VII calculations were performed for temperature range from
100,000 K to 2,000,000 K. and perturber densities (1017cm?3 - 1023cm?3. For
Mg XI calculations were performed for temperature range from 500,000 K to
5,000,000 K. and perturber densities 1018cm?3 - 1024cm?3.
Micrometer and CCD measurements of double stars (Series 51)
Authors: Popovic G.M. , Pavlovic R.
Published: July 2012

36 micrometric measurements of 20 double or multiple systems carried out with
the Zeiss 65/1055 cm Refractor of Belgrade Observatory are communicated.
Also 35 CCD measurements of 15 double or multiple systems are included.
Stark broadening parameter tables for In III, Tl III and Pb IV
Authors: Dimitrijevic M.S. , Sahal−Bréchot S.
Published: July 2012

Using a semiclassical approach, we have calculated electron-, proton-, and
ionized helium-impact line widths and shifts for 20 In III multiplets for
perturber densities 1014? 1020 cm?3 and 2 Tl III multiplets for perturber
densities 1017 ? 1020 cm?3, and temperatures T = 20,000 ? 500,000 K, in both
cases. We have calculated as well, electron-, proton-, and He III-impact line
widths and shifts for 2 Pb IV multiplets, for perturber densities 1017? 1020
cm?3 and temperatures T = 50,000 ? 1,000,000 K.
Some fresh indications of the solar origin of 4-6-year oscillation of the Earth’s rotation parameters
Authors: Djurovic D. , Pâquet P.
Published: July 2012

The variations of universal times difference UT1-TAI and Earth?s rotation
instantaneous p?le coordinates (X,Y) are studied in the frequency range of 3
- 8 yr?1 as a function of the solar activity. It is found that power spectrum
concentrations C1 and C2 are common to solar activity indicators and Earth?s
rotation parameters (ERP). The linear correlation between them is also not a
fortuitous one. Accordingly, by the results of this study the hypothesis of
Djurovic and P?quet (1996; 1999) that the primary cause of 4-6 year
oscillation lies in solar irradiance is confirmed. Between several mechanisms
responsible for the ERP variations as the most probable are considered the
variations of solar irradiance spectral structure (especially large in its UV
range) and variations of intensity of cosmic X-rays reaching the Earth?s
surface.
Guiding of whistler-mode waves with frequencies above one half of the gyrofrequency in the magnetosphere
Authors: Sulic D.M.
Published: July 2012

Ray-tracing calculations show that a trough, L = 4.6, located in the region
outside the plasmapause is capable to guide whistler-mode waves in frequency
range 0.5fBmin?0.64fBmin, from one hemisphere to the other. From an initial
position rays propagate in unducted mode up to h ? 14000 km where they are
trapped inside the trough. Propagation along the trough is possible only with
great shifting of wave normal direction in respect to the direction of the
geomagnetic induction B, following the variations of the magnitude of the
ambiental geomagnetic induction, or those of ratio f/fB. On leaving the
trough rays propagate in unducted mode downward in the magnetosphere.
Atomic data estimation for H and C IV transitions in strong gravitation field
Authors: Popovic L.C.
Published: July 2012

The gravitational field effect on atomic data for H and C IV transitions are
considered as a perturbation of initial and final energy levels. We found
that this perturbation increases with the principal quantum number. Here we
give several expressions for estimation of this effect and its influence on
atomic data parameters. Also, the calculations of atomic data for 1s ? 2p
(Ly?) and 2s ? 3p transitions of hydrogen atom as well as atomic data for
2s2S1/2?2p2P0 1/2,3/2 transitions of C IV (1UV) as a function of deformation
of energy levels due to gravitation field and gravitational redshift are
given. The gravitational field effect should be estimated and should be taken
into account in calculation of atomic data for emitters in Broad Line Regions
(BLRs) of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN).
Stability of the protogalactic clouds - I: Field length in the adiabatic models
Authors: Cirkovic M.M.
Published: July 2012

All gasdynamical models for the evolution of gaseous content of galaxies
assume that cooling from the hot, virialized phase to the cold phase occurred
through some sort of thermal instability. Subsequent formation of colder
clouds embedded in the hot, rarefied medium is a well-known process appearing
in many astrophysical circumstances and environments. The characteristics of
the condensed clouds depend on the relevant timescales for cloud formation
and disruption due to either collisions or one of the operating
instabilities. In this paper, the importance of the Kelvin-Helmholtz
instability is investigated for the clouds forming in huge gaseous haloes of
L galaxies. Recent treatment of this problem by Kamaya (1997) is extended and
a more realistic cooling function employed. Results show that the
Kelvin-Helmhotz instability proceeds effectively on the same timescale
whether we account for self-gravity or not. This has multiple significance,
since these objects may have been seen as high-column density absorption line
systems against the background QSOs, and probably represent the progenitors
of the present-day globular clusters.
On the galactocentric orbits of nearby stars
Authors: Ninkovic S. , Popovic N. , Zivkov V.
Published: July 2012

Using the data from the Gliese-Jahreiss Catalogue and a particular form of
the galactic potential the authors construct galactocentric orbits for nearby
stars. The potential used in our paper is stationary and axially symmetric
with three contributors - bulge, disc and dark corona. In the calculating of
the galactocentric phase coordinates the distance of the Sun to the galactic
plane is neglected, the asymmetric drift is not, whereas the components of
the solar motion are varied; the distance of the Sun to the axis of galactic
rotation and the corresponding value of the circular velocity are assumed
according to the model used in the paper. The obtained orbits (projection on
meridional plane) in a vast majority are box-like, or more precisely
trapezium-like. The effect of the assumed solar motion is discussed and
comparisons with results obtained by applying different potentials and
initial conditions are made.
Stark broadening parameter tables for Au I and Au II
Authors: Popovic L.C. , Dimitrijevic M.S. , Tankosic D.
Published: July 2012

Using the semiclassical perturbation formalism, we have calculated electron-,
proton-, and ionized helium-impact line widths and shifts for six Au I lines
as a function of temperature and perturber density. Electron-impact
broadening parameters for eight Au II transitions have been calculated within
the modified semiempirical approach.
Stark broadening parameter tables for Kr VIII
Authors: Dimitrijevic M.S. , Sahal−Bréchot S.
Published: July 2012

Using a semiclassical approach, we have calculated electron?, proton?, and He
III?impact line widths and shifts for 6 Kr VIII multiplets as a function of
temperature and perturber density.
Stark broadening parameter tables for Ar VIII
Authors: Dimitrijevic M.S. , Sahal−Bréchot S.
Published: July 2012

Using a semiclassical approach, we have calculated electron?, proton?, and He
III?impact line widths and shifts for 9 Ar VIII transitions as a function of
temperature and perturber density.
Pulpal and Periapical Response After Restoration of Deep Cavities in Dogs' Teeth With Filtek Silorane and Filtek Supreme XT Systems
Authors: Ruiz-de-Castañeda E , Gatón-Hernández P , Rodriguez EG , Silva RAB , Nelson-Filho P , Silva LAB
Published: July 2012

Objective:

This study evaluated, histopathologically, the pulpal and periapical response to a silorane-based resin (Filtek Silorane) and a methacrylate-based nanoparticle resin (Filtek Supreme XT) in deep cavities in dogs, having zinc oxide and eugenol-based cement (ZOE) as a control.

Methods:

The tooth/bone blocks were collected after 10 and 90 days and processed for microscopic analysis of the dentin, pulp, and periapical tissues using a score system. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-test (α=0.05).

Results:

At 10 days, the pulp, connective tissue, and periodontal ligament showed normal characteristics. No resorption areas were observed. Both resins caused significantly less (p<0.05) periapical and pulpal inflammatory response than ZOE. At 90 days, for all materials, the connective pulp tissue was healthy and dense, with a normal blood vessel system. The apical and periapical region had normal structure and thickness.

Conclusions:

The use of the Filtek Silorane and the Filtek Supreme XT resins caused no adverse pulpal and periapical reactions after restoration of deep dentin cavities in vivo.
The Relationship of Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure Protocol to Bleaching Efficacy
Authors: Kwon SR , Wertz PW , Dawson DV , Cobb DS , Denehy G
Published: July 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare two in-office bleaching methods with respect to tooth color change and level of hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp cavity and to evaluate relationships between penetration level and color change. Eighty extracted canines were exposed to two different bleaching regimens (conventional vs sealed bleaching technique). After exposure to 38% hydrogen peroxide gel for one hour, hydrogen peroxide amount was estimated spectrophotometrically. Color change was measured per Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage methodology. Linear regression was used to evaluate factors affecting color change, including bleaching technique. The conventional and sealed bleaching groups showed no difference for any color change parameters (ΔL, Δa, Δb, ΔE); however, there was significantly greater hydrogen peroxide penetration in the conventional bleaching group (p<0.05). Linear modeling of the change in lightness (ΔL) showed that the increase in lightness tended to be greater for teeth with lower initial L* values (r=−0.32, p<0.05). After adjustment for initial L*, there was no evidence that ΔL differed with hydrogen peroxide penetration levels (p>0.05) or bleaching technique (mean group difference in ΔL=0.36; p>0.05).
Efficacy of Mouth Rinses and Toothpaste on Tooth Whitening
Authors: Torres CRG , Perote LCCC , Gutierrez NC , Pucci CR , Borges AB
Published: July 2012

Objectives

People increasingly desire tooth whitening. Considering the wide range of whitening products on the market, this study evaluated the efficacy of whitening toothpastes and mouth rinses compared with the 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) whitening gel.

Methods

We obtained 120 cylindrical specimens from bovine teeth, which were darkened for 24 hours in a coffee solution. The color measurement was performed by a spectrophotometer using the CIE L*a*b* system, and specimens were divided into six groups according to the use of the following agents: group 1, conventional fluoridated toothpaste; group 2, Close Up White Now; group 3, Listerine Whitening; group 4, Colgate Plax Whitening; group 5, experimental mouth rinse with Plasdone; and group 6, 10% CP Whiteness Perfect. After the simulation of 12 weeks of treatment for groups 1 to 5 and 14 days of treatment for group 6, the specimens were subjected to a new color reading.

Results

Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (α=0.05), which showed significant differences among groups after 12 weeks for ΔE (p=0.001). Results of the Tukey test revealed that groups 3, 4, and 6 presented significantly higher color alteration than groups 1, 2, and 5.

Conclusions

The whitening toothpaste Close Up White Now and the experimental mouth rinse with Plasdone showed similar color alteration as conventional toothpaste after a 12-week treatment simulation. These groups presented significantly lower color alteration compared with whitening mouth rinses Listerine and Colgate Plax Whitening, which showed similar results to those observed after 14 days of bleaching with 10% CP treatment.
Effect of Bur Roughness on Bond to Sclerotic Dentin With Self-etch Adhesive Systems
Authors: Luque-Martinez IV , Mena-Serrano A , Muñoz MA , Hass V , Reis A , Loguercio AD
Published: July 2012

Purpose:

To evaluate the effect of bur roughness on bond strength values and conditioner pattern of two-step self-etch adhesives applied on sclerotic dentin.

Methods:

The roots of 48 bovine incisors were removed and the crowns were divided into four groups: the control group (CO) teeth were left untreated or the teeth were slightly roughened with coarse-, medium-, or fine-grit diamond burs. Next, the teeth were subdivided and Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and Adper SE Bond (ASE) were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. Composite resin (Opallis) buildups were incrementally constructed on the bonded surfaces. After storage for 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C, the teeth were sectioned into sticks (area of 0.8 mm2). The sticks were stressed until failure by tensile forces (0.5 mm/min). Additionally, eight bovine teeth were treated as previously described, and after adhesive application, the surface was rinsed off and examined by scanning electron microscopy to measure the relative number of open tubules (OT). Data (MPa) were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (p=0.05).

Results:

CO showed the highest bond strength values (p<0.05). As regards OT, the lowest mean was observed for CO (p<0.05) and the highest was found after application of CSE or ASE (p<0.05).
Randomized Clinical Trial of Two Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Materials: 1-year Results
Authors: Perdigão J , Dutra-Corrêa M , Saraceni SHC , Ciaramicoli MT , Kiyan VH
Published: July 2012

With institutional review board approval, 33 patients who needed restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) were enrolled in this study. A total of 92 NCCL were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: (1) Ambar (FGM), a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (control), combined with the nanofilled composite resin Filtek Supreme Plus (FSP; 3M ESPE); (2) Fuji II LC (GC America), a traditional resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) restorative material; (3) Ketac Nano (3M ESPE), a nanofilled RMGIC restorative material. Restorations were evaluated at six months and one year using modified United States Public Health Service parameters. At six months after initial placement, 84 restorations (a 91.3% recall rate) were evaluated. At one year, 78 restorations (a 84.8% recall rate) were available for evaluation. The six month and one year overall retention rates were 93.1% and 92.6%, respectively, for Ambar/FSP; 100% and 100%, respectively, for Fuji II LC; and 100% and 100%, respectively, for Ketac Nano with no statistical difference between any pair of groups at each recall. Sensitivity to air decreased for all three adhesive materials from the preoperative to the postoperative stage, but the difference was not statistically significant. For Ambar/FSP, there were no statistical differences for any of the parameters from baseline to six months and from baseline to one year. For Fuji II LC, surface texture worsened significantly from baseline to six months and from baseline to one year. For Ketac Nano, enamel marginal staining increased significantly from baseline to one year and from six months to one year. Marginal adaptation was statistically worse at one year compared with baseline only for Ketac Nano. When parameters were compared for materials at each recall, Ketac Nano resulted in significantly worse color match than any of the other two materials at any evaluation period. At one year, Ketac Nano resulted in significantly worse marginal adaptation than the other two materials and worse marginal staining than Fuji II LC. Surface texture was statistically worse for Fuji II LC compared with the other two materials at all evaluation periods. The one-year retention rate was statistically similar for the three adhesive materials. Nevertheless, enamel marginal deficiencies and color mismatch were more prevalent for Ketac Nano. Surface texture of Fuji II LC restorations deteriorated quickly.
Effect of Repeated Preheating Cycles on Flexural Strength of Resin Composites
Authors: D'Amario M , Pacioni S , Capogreco M , Gatto R , Baldi M
Published: July 2012

The aim of this study was to assess the flexural strengths of three resin composites prepared at room temperature or cured after 20 or 40 cycles of preheating to a temperature of 45°C. Three resin composites were evaluated: Enamel Plus HFO (Micerium) (HFO), Enamel Plus HRi (Micerium) (HRi), Opallis + (FGM) (OPA). One group of specimens for each composite was fabricated under ambient laboratory conditions, whereas in the other groups, the composites were cured after 20 or 40 preheating cycles to a temperature of 45°C in a preheating device. Ten specimens were prepared for each group. A three-point bending test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and a Games-Howell test (α = 0.05). The two-way ANOVA showed that both the material and the number of heating cycles were significant factors, able to influence the flexural strength values (p<0.05). However, there was not a statistically significant interaction (p>0.05). For all three composites flexural strengths were not affected after 20 preheating cycles in comparison with the control groups (0 preheating cycles) but were, however, significantly decreased when 40 prewarming cycles were conducted. The HRi and OPA groups had the highest flexural strengths, with no statistically significant differences among them. HFO presented significantly lower flexural strengths in comparison with HRi.
Three-Month Evaluation of Vital Tooth Bleaching Using Light Units—A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Polydorou O , Wirsching M , Wokewitz M , Hahn P
Published: July 2012

The aim of this study was to evaluate the color stability of vital bleaching using a halogen unit, laser, or only chemical activation up to three months after treatment. A total of 60 patients were divided into three groups, and their teeth were bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide using three methods: acceleration of the bleaching process with halogen (eight minutes), laser (30 seconds), or chemical activation only. All teeth were bleached a maximum of four times (4 × 15 minutes) until a change of six shade tabs took place. The color was evaluated both visually and with a spectrophotometer before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, and one and three months after bleaching. Directly after bleaching, the use of halogen showed better results than laser (p≤0.05). One and three months after bleaching, no significant difference was found between the tested methods relative to the shade change, independent of the method of shade evaluation (p>0.05). As far as the color stability is concerned, bleaching with halogen resulted in stable color throughout the three months (p>0.05), whereas the other two methods resulted in whiter teeth after one and three months compared with the color directly after bleaching (p≤0.05). Bleaching with laser needed more time than halogen for the desired shade change (p≤0.05). Although directly after treatment bleaching with halogen resulted in better results, one and three months after bleaching the kind of acceleration used in the bleaching process did not have any effect on the esthetic results.
Tooth Fragment Reattachment: The Natural Restoration
Authors: Lise DP , Vieira LC Cardoso , Araújo É , Lopes GC
Published: July 2012

The aim of this manuscript was to discuss some important considerations about tooth fragment reattachment and report the success of a clinical case in which a tooth fragment and direct composite resin were used to restore a fractured anterior tooth. Clinical and radiographic examination 12 months after trauma showed good esthetics and periodontal health.
Detection of a subglacial lake in Glacier de Tête Rousse (Mont Blanc area, France)
Authors: Vincent Christian , Descloitres Marc , Garambois Stéphane , Legchenko Anatoly , Guyard Hélène , Gilbert Adrien
Published: July 2012

The processes that form intraglacial lakes are poorly understood because of the difficulty in detecting and assessing such hidden lakes. Extensive geophysical surveys were performed between 2007 and 2010 in order to reassess the risk of an outburst flood from Glacier de Tete Rousse, French Alps, where outburst flooding from an intraglacial lake caused 175 fatalities in 1892. Our geophysical survey combined ground-penetrating radar measurements and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. We found a subglacial water-filled reservoir with a volume of 55 000 m3. Artesian outpourings occurred when the subglacial cavity was reached by two borehole drillings, indicating that the hydrostatic water pressure exceeded the ice pressure at the bottom of the cavity. On the basis of these geophysical and glaciological findings, we warned the public authorities in July 2010 of the risk facing the 3000 inhabitants downstream of the glacier. The subglacial reservoir was drained artificially. This example demonstrates how geophysical surveys can be used to detect this type of hazard when it is suspected, in particular when no hydraulic outlet from the snout exists. Numerous ice temperature measurements have shown that the tongue of this glacier is cold-based. This thermal regime could explain the accumulation of water in this glacier.
Organic Bee Pollen: Botanical Origin, Nutritional Value, Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Microbiological Quality
Authors: Feás Xesús , Vázquez-Tato M. Pilar , Estevinho Leticia , Seijas Julio A. , Iglesias Antonio
Published: July 2012

Organic bee pollen (BP, n = 22) harvested from the Douro International Natural Park (DINP, Portugal) was studied. Nine botanical families were found in the mixture of the samples. The water activity and pH ranged 0.21–0.37 and 4.3–5.2, respectively. The BP analyses averaged 67.7% carbohydrates, 21.8% crude protein, 5.2% crude fat and 2.9% ash. The energy ranged from 396.4 to 411.1 kcal/100 g. The principal fatty acid found was linolenic, followed by linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. The phenolic and flavonoid contents varied from 12.9 to 19.8 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of extract and from 4.5 to 7.1 mg of catechin equivalents/g of extract, respectively. The scavenger activity and β-carotene bleaching assays values (EC50) were 3.0 ± 0.7 mg/mL and 4.6 mg/mL ± 0.9 mg/mL, respectively. E. coli, sulphite-reducing Clostridia, Salmonella and S. aureus were not found. Since there are studies indicating appreciable differences among BPs from different regions, the full characterization of BP from diverse origins still appears to be a sound research priority in order to obtain reliable data about this beehive product.
Freud, lecteur d'Agatha Christie
Authors: de Mijolla-Mellor Sophie
Published: July 2012

Reprenant ici des hypothèses précédemment développées dans Un divan pour Agatha Christie (L’Esprit du temps, 2006), on rappelle ici comment le romancier nous dévoile à nous-mêmes en faisant sourdre une subtile sensation de connivence avec les personnages, les descriptions, les évocations et les commentaires sur la comédie de la vie qui se déroule entre les pages. Le roman en effet nous analyse parce qu’il recueille nos projections et il constituerait une source inépuisable d’auto-interprétation si nous penchions sur cette question difficile entre toutes : comment et dans quelles conditions se produit le plaisir de lire, quels fantasmes se trouvent ainsi libérés pour quelques heures. Le créateur littéraire montre ainsi la voie d’une libération de l’imaginaire et rencontre l’adhésion parce que les récits partagés sont aussi anciens que les mythes séculaires de l’humanité, il offre au lecteur de découvrir des affects plus ou moins ignorés ou refoulés qui vont être libérés grâce à ces « primes de séduction ».
L'enfant de sable
Authors: Denans Julien
Published: July 2012

C’est à l’instar d’une méthode qui se voudrait de mettre la culture à l’épreuve du langage que l’auteur propose de rencontrer L’enfant de sable , écrit étrange de Ben Jelloun qui s’inspirant d’un fait divers nous raconte le destin d’Ahmed, née fille mais élevée par son père comme un garçon. Au sein du Maroc traditionnel où la virilité est mythifiée, alors que le monde des femmes lui est d’ombre, Ahmed parcourt le chemin de son identité. L’enfant de sable est alors une fable qui dépassant les frontières engage la voie de la structuration par la différence des sexes et la figure d’altérité du féminin dans le social.
La Psyché peinte de Freud à Dalí et Lacan
Authors: Aleksić Branko
Published: July 2012

Le Manifeste du surréalisme (1924) qu’André Breton écrit pendant qu’il est « occupé de Freud », projette d’abord l’application du « monologue mécanique » ou « automatique » à la poésie, ensuite l’élargit au domaine des Beaux-Arts, comme le montre la première exposition surréaliste de 1925 accompagnée du traité de Breton Le surréalisme et la peinture (1928 ; augmenté en 1965). Les cinéastes ont poursuivi ce mouvement. L’application des techniques du « monologue automatique » a pour but de provoquer le Surréel, nouvelle catégorie qui rende tangible l’inconscient du poète, peintre, cinéaste. La création du « Surréel », intensification d’une expérience onirique de la réalité, qui met en relation féconde avec l’Inconscient, serait ainsi comparable à l’immaculée conception . Breton et Éluard intitulent leur simulation des différents états pathologiques, en 1930 : L’Immaculée Conception précisément (contenant les « Cinq Essais de simulation » : débilité mentale, manie aiguë, paralyse générale, délire d’interprétation, démence précoce). Les surréalistes expérimentent de manière collective ces relations inspirées par la psychanalyse de Freud, sans négliger de les théoriser. Le but de notre étude est d’analyser le produit de ces relations ainsi que leurs ramifications critiques : rencontre Dalí-Freud en 1938, dépassant la rencontre et correspondance Breton-Freud, 1921-1932. Dalí s’y offre pour le guide d’une Histoire de la peinture surréaliste à travers les âges , et nous reconstruisons quelques-unes des figures de la Psyché selon son scénario.
Stéphane Lupasco, le surréalisme et le subréalisme
Authors: Nicolescu Basarab
Published: July 2012

André Breton fut parmi les premiers à saisir l’importance de la logique du contradictoire élaborée par Stéphane Lupasco (1900-1988). Nous expliquons pourquoi Lupasco a qualifié l’art de Salvador Dalí par le vocable « subréalisme ». La relation de Lupasco avec Benrath et Appel est également évoquée. Nous finissons notre étude en analysant le rapport ente la psychanalyse et le tiers inclus de Lupasco. L’idée forte de Lupasco est que la conscience est associée au processus de potentialisation, tandis que l’inconscience est associée à l’actualisation.
Posterior Coronal Plating of Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures Through Posteromedial and Anterolateral Approaches in a Healthy Floating Supine Position
Authors: Chang Shi-Min , Wang Xin , Zhou Jia-Qian , Huang Yi-Gang , Zhu Xiao-Zhong
Published: July 2012

Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures pose a significant challenge for treating surgeons. If the articular surface of the medial plateau has a second split component in the posterior coronal plane, it is difficult to get direct visualization and ensure plate fixation when the patient is in the supine position. Using a technique in which a single preparation and draping of both legs is needed, patients were operated on using a healthy floating supine position maneuver through dual posteromedial and anterolateral incisions and triple plate fixations. By flexing and adducting the contralateral healthy hip over the injured leg, more lateral rotation of the fractured knee can be achieved, providing better access and visualization of the posterior medial plateau using a posteromedial gastrocnemius approach.
Biomechanical Study of 4-hole Pubic Symphyseal Plating: Locked Versus Unlocked Constructs
Authors: Prasarn Mark L. , Zych Greg , Gaski Greg , Baria Dinah , Kaimrajh David , Milne Ted , Latta Loren L.
Published: July 2012

To the authors’ knowledge, no published studies have examined the use of locking plates on injuries of the anterior pelvic ring. The purpose of this study was to determine whether locked plates provide enhanced stability in the treatment of pubic symphyseal disruptions.

Completely unstable pelvic injuries were simulated in pelvic Sawbones (model 1301; Pacific Research Laboratories, Vashon, Washington) and 2 different fixation constructs used for anterior fixation (4-hole, 3.5-mm pubic symphysis plate with all locked or all unlocked screws). Adjunctive sacroiliac screw fixation with a single 7.3-mm screw placed into S1 was used in all specimens. Specimens were analyzed for motion at the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joints using a Material Testing System (MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, Minnesota). Each specimen was subjected to compressive loading in a single-limb stance. Side loading was also examined. The main outcome measurement was motion at the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joints and overall construct stiffness. No significant difference existed in overall construct stiffness between the 2 methods of pubic symphysis fixation. The motions at the pubic symphysis or injured sacroiliac joints were not significantly different. In addition, motion at the pubic symphysis joint with lateral load was not improved with a locking construct.

No significant difference existed between 4-hole locked or unlocked constructs used for fixation of the pubic symphysis. No apparent advantage of locking screws exists for disruptions of the pubic symphysis, and recent reports have questioned the possibility of catastrophic failure.
Effect of Age on Partial Weight-bearing Training
Authors: Hustedt Joshua W. , Blizzard Daniel J. , Baumgaertner Michael R. , Leslie Michael P. , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: July 2012

Biofeedback devices are increasingly used to train orthopedic patients to comply with partial weight-bearing instructions for an injured or postoperative extremity. In a previous study, the authors showed that biofeedback was effective in training young participants. However, because many partial weight-bearing orthopedic patients are of advanced age, the current study was designed to test the effect of age on partial weight-bearing training.

Fifty asymptomatic participants aged between 20 and 78 years completed 3 interventions: (1) verbal instructions on weight bearing, (2) training with a bathroom scale, and (3) training with a biofeedback device. Participants given only verbal touchdown weight-bearing instructions (25 lb) initially bore an average of 61.25±4.80 lb. This was reduced to 51.50±4.47 lb after training with a bathroom scale and further reduced to 30.01±2.33 lb after biofeedback training. Likewise, participants given verbal partial weight-bearing instructions (75 lb) initially bore an average of 89.06±5.58 lb. No improvement was observed with the use of a bathroom scale (average, 88.47±4.75 lb). After training with the biofeedback device, weight bearing improved to an average of 68.11±2.46 lb. Mixed-model analysis revealed that age was not a significant predictor of compliance. However, a higher body mass index and male sex were predictive of worse compliance and heavier weight bearing.

Biofeedback training leads to superior compliance to weight-bearing instructions compared with verbal instructions or training with a bathroom scale. Because partial weight-bearing instructions are commonly given to orthopedic patients, biofeedback training may be appropriately considered in any age group with similar effect.
Routine Imaging for Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion Procedures: A Survey Study Establishing Current Practice Patterns
Authors: Bohl Daniel D. , Hustedt Joshua W. , Blizzard Daniel J. , Badrinath Raghav , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: July 2012

The number of anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedures performed annually in the United States rose 8-fold from 1990 to 2004. Imaging for anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedures contributes to health care costs and exposes patients and staff to radiation. Despite this, no standard of care for such imaging has been defined, and imaging practices have remained largely uncharacterized.

The authors distributed a questionnaire at the 2011 Spine Study Group meeting. They received 72 responses (80% response rate) and included 67 in the analysis. All participants were attending spine surgeons practicing in the United States, 97% of whom had completed spine surgery fellowships. Median practice duration was 8 years. Practice type was evenly split between private and academic, and the median annual number of anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedures was 50. Intraoperatively, 68% of surgeons use fluoroscopy and 32% use plain radiographs; 60% take at least 1 image prior to incision; 78% place the localizer in the disk, whereas 22% place it in the vertebral body, and 45% always save these localizer images; 100% take images of the final construct before leaving the operating room, and 74% always save the final-construct images. Postoperatively but before discharge, 12% of surgeons take images in the recovery room, 33% take images in the radiology suite, and 2% take images in both locations. After discharge, surgeons follow their patients for a mean of 1.6 years, 96% with lateral views, 96% with anteroposterior views, 46% with flexion–extension radiographs, and 14% with computed tomography scans.
Hematogenous Infection of Total Hip Arthroplasty With
Actinomyces
Following a Noninvasive Dental Procedure
Authors: Brown Matthew L. , Drinkwater Christopher J.
Published: July 2012

This article describes a case of an infected total hip arthroplasty following a dental procedure. A 59-year-old man underwent total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis and had a routine recovery. Approximately 9 months postoperatively, he underwent a dental cleaning without antibiotic prophylaxis. One month later, he reported gradually worsening right hip pain and a purulent discharge. After several unsuccessful interventions, the patient was referred to the authors’ facility. The patient’s history, draining sinus tract, and radiographic changes were considered diagnostic of a late chronic infection, and the patient underwent 2-stage revision. Intraoperatively, the sinus tract extended directly to the acetabular component.
Actinomyces
spp were isolated from 3 of 7 intraoperative anaerobic cultures, and the patient received penicillin G for 8 weeks. Two weeks after discontinuing antibiotics, with no clinical manifestation of recurrent infection and a negative hip aspiration, a new hip prosthesis was implanted. The patient was prescribed penicillin for 12 months postoperatively. Harris Hip Score was 100 at 52-month follow-up.

The American Dental Association and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons issued consensus guidelines for chemoprophylaxis in orthopedic patients undergoing dental procedures in 1997 and 2003. Although the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons issued a revised guideline in 2009 recommending more robust antibiotic prophylaxis, significant controversy exists because at least one professional organization representing dentists has repudiated the 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons guideline. The authors describe the implications from their experience and similar cases in the literature with regard to such guidelines.
Emergent Hip Arthroscopy: Life-saving Intervention for Septic Hip and Secondary Multiorgan Failure
Authors: Matsuda Dean K. , Calipusan Charito P.
Published: July 2012

This article describes the case of a 27-year-old female athletic trainer who presented to the emergency department in acute renal failure with rhabdomyolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation following a brief onset of right hip pain and staphylococcal facial infection. Despite the absence of fever, peripheral leukocytosis, or organisms on gram stain from emergent joint aspiration, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large hip effusion; a presumptive diagnosis of septic hip was made. Emergent hip arthroscopy was performed in the middle of the night within 3 hours of presentation. Minimally invasive, high-volume irrigation and debridement was rapidly performed using dual-portal arthroscopy. Although this approach required prolonged critical respiratory and hemodynamic support, the patient recovered from a life-threatening situation not often seen by arthroscopic or sports medicine surgeons. The unusual diagnosis of staphylococcal hip sepsis with multifocal dissemination was established, as was an atypical but important indication for emergent hip arthroscopy.

Although generally implemented to improve quality of life, this case represents the use of hip arthroscopy to increase its quantity as well. Hip arthroscopy may have an emergent indication with life-saving potential.
Intramuscular Dissection of a Large Ganglion Cyst Into the Gastrocnemius Muscle
Authors: Nicholson Luke T. , Freedman Harold L.
Published: July 2012

Ganglion cysts are lesions resulting from the myxoid degeneration of the connective tissue associated with joint capsules and tendon sheaths. Most common around the wrist joint, ganglion cysts may be found elsewhere in the body, including in and around the knee joint. Uncommonly, ganglion cysts can present intramuscularly. Previous reports document the existence of intramuscular ganglia, often without histologic confirmation.

This article describes a case of an intramuscular ganglion cyst in the medial gastrocnemius muscle of a 53-year-old woman. The patient initially presented for discomfort associated with the lesion. Examination was consistent with intramuscular cystic lesion of unknown etiology. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the origin of the mass at the semimembranosus–gastrocnemius bursa. Because of its location, the mass was initially suspected to be a dissecting Baker’s cyst, an uncommon but previously reported diagnosis. The patient underwent surgical excision, and examination of the intact specimen revealed a thin, fibrous, walled cyst with no lining epithelium, which was consistent with a ganglion cyst.

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report in the orthopedic literature of a ganglion cyst dissecting into the gastrocnemius muscle. Because ganglion cysts commonly require excision for definitive treatment and do not respond well to treatment measures implemented for Baker’s cysts, including resection of underlying meniscal tears, the authors believe it is important for orthopedic surgeons to be able to distinguish between Baker’s and other cysts associated with the knee joint, including ganglion cysts, which may require more definitive treatment.
Injury to the Anterior Tibial System During Percutaneous Plating of a Proximal Tibial Fracture
Authors: Gary Joshua L. , Sciadini Marcus F.
Published: July 2012

Minimally invasive osteosynthesis of proximal tibial fractures has grown in popularity in recent years. This article describes a patient with a Schatzker type VI proximal tibial fracture (AO/OTA type 41.C3) and previous compartment syndrome treated with definitive fixation 8 weeks after initial injury with a precontoured proximal tibial plate and a distal targeting device. Brisk bleeding occurred during percutaneous insertion of a cortical screw at the midshaft of the tibia. Surgical exploration revealed sidewall tearing of the anterior tibial artery and vein, which were clipped at the screw insertion site. After the bleeding was controlled, the patient had a strong palpable posterior tibial pulse with no palpable dorsalis pedis pulse, and the foot remained well perfused. Function of the deep peroneal nerve was normal postoperatively.

Previous concerns regarding the percutaneous treatment of proximal tibial fractures have focused on the risks of damage to the superficial peroneal nerve from distal screws. Based on cadaveric studies, percutaneously and laterally based screw placement in the distal tibial metaphysis threatens injury to the anterior tibial system. However, with alterations to the normal anatomy caused by severe trauma, previously described safe zones may be changed and neurovascular structures may be exposed to risk in locations that were previously thought safe.
Knowledge Management and Higher-Educational Institutions
Authors: Biloslavo Roberto , Gorela Katjusa
Published: July 2012

The effectiveness of Knowledge Management (KM) activities is in large part dependent upon employees’ attitudes toward knowledge in general and to KM processes in particular. This chapter reports the results of a small-scale (N = 10) interview study of the “ways of knowing and knowledge sharing” of academics in three Slovene universities. The chapter presents an analysis of the responses from in depth, semi-structured interviews concerning the understanding of knowledge, KM processes, required social ecology, and attitude of academics. Responses were classified and tabulated in relation to theories of epistemology and KM and the findings analysed in relation to how they might be used for development of a conceptual KM framework within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The conclusion can be drawn that the KM framework within HEIs needs to take into account the bureaucratic and at the same time competitive and individualistic culture of academia.
Knowledge Management and Innovative Learning
Authors: Elenurm Tiit
Published: July 2012

The aim of this chapter is to link knowledge management as a field of education to innovative learning. There are opportunities to apply personal knowledge management and knowledge sharing logic in several related subject fields that enable innovative learning. Raising awareness of business students about their online and face-to-face networking priorities and entrepreneurial orientations are educational tools for managing personal connectivity and for understanding knowledge management challenges linked to innovative learning. The experiential learning cycle is implemented in field projects, which also support cross-cultural learning and highlight real life challenges of knowledge sharing in innovative activities. The assessment of knowledge management prerequisites in different organizations serves as the departure point for knowledge management development visions. The chapter explains that knowledge management learning in business studies is not limited to a separate knowledge management course. Action learning projects can mean innovative learning both for students and managers that learn how to apply external “gatekeepers.”
Strategic Knowledge Management
Authors: Perry Milly
Published: July 2012

Clarification of the roles and interrelationships will crystallize the contribution to Knowledge Management Strategy in university application have led to the conclusion that Knowledge Management is the appropriate organizing concept and framework for laying the foundations of the Knowledge Era Economy.