bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algunos aspectos de la vegetación de las sierras Martes y Ave
Authors: Figuerola R.
Published: October 2020

Se comentan algunos aspectos sobre la fitosociologia de los bosques y matorrales de las sierras Martés y Ave (Valencia, España) y se describen dos nuevas subasociaciones y seis variantes.
Catálogo de las algas continentales españolas. IV. Chlorophyceae Wille in Warming 1884. Prasinophyceae T. Christensen ex Silva 1980
Authors: Álvarez Cobelas M. , Gallardo T.
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se refieren las algas continentales citadas para España hasta julio de 1981 pertenecientes a los grupos Chlorophyceae (557 taxones) y Prasinophyceae (9 taxones).
Estudio biosistemático del género Hypericum L. (Guttiferae) en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. II. Biótipo, ramificación e inflorescencias
Authors: Ramos A.
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se estudia comparativamente, a partir de las teorias de Troll, el biótipo, la ramificación y la inflorescencia de veinticuatro taxones de Hypericum de la Peninsula Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Se establecen cuatro tipos de estructuras de ramificación, sobre los que se discute su valor taxonómico y su significado biológico.
Aportaciones a la pteridoflora de la provincia de Granada
Authors: Pérez Raya F. , Molero Mesa J. , Ramos I.
Published: October 2020

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Bibliografía pteridológica ibérica (1980-1985)
Authors: Salvo A. E. , España L. , Cabezudo B.
Published: October 2020

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Sobre la presencia de algunas especies de algas tropicales en el litoral del Sureste Ibérico
Authors: Soto J. , Conde F.
Published: October 2020

Se comenta la presencia de las especies Dipterosiphonia dendritica (Ag.) Schmitz in Engl. et Prantl, Liagora farinosa Lamouroux,Polystrata fosliei (Webervan Bosse) Denizot y Pocockiella variegata (Lamourux) Papenfuss halladas en varias localidades del SE de la Península Ibérica comentando su ecología, corología y ciertos rasgos morfo-estructurales.
Infección por hongos Chytridiales en una población de Oocystis borgei (Oocystaceae, Chtbrophyceae)
Authors: Arauzo M. , Álvarez Cobelas M. , Rubio A.
Published: October 2020

Se ha estudiado el impacto de una infección por hongos Chytridiales (Phycomycetes) sobre una población del alga Oocystis borgei (Chlorophyceae, Oocystaceae) localizada en un embalse eutrófico (El Vellón, Madrid) durante el período de estratificación.

El proceso de infección se desarrolla en condiciones ligeramente elevadas de pH y temperatura. La comunidad de hongos parásitos presenta su máximo cuando la población del alga hospedante deja de crecer y comienza su descenso, momento en el que con frecuencia se observa la aparición de esporas de resistencia de los hongos. Al final de la infección, la población de Oocystis desaparece.

La distribución espacial del alga en la columna vertical no se ve afectada por el efecto del parasitismo.
Notas sobre la brioflora balear, 5
Authors: Roselló J. A.
Published: October 2020

Se citan algunos briófitos que son novedad para el catálogo florístico balear: Marchantia paleacea Bertol., Sphaerocarpos texanus Aust., Bryum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) Gaertnetal.,OrthotrichumaffineBrid.,Pseudoleskeellacatenulata(Schrad.)Kindb.y Sematophyllum substrumulosum (Hampe)Britt. Se mencionan especies que no habían sido indicadas en la flora de Ibiza (9), Formentera (1) y Mallorca (1).
Aproximación al estudio de las equisetáceas ibéricas, III. Acerca del cono del género Hippochaete Milde
Authors: Iranzo J. M. , Vilar M. , Bars A. , Salvo A. E.
Published: October 2020

Se realiza una descripción anatómica de cada una de las partes que constituye el cono de las especies ibéricas del género Hippochaete (H. ramosissima (Desf.) Bruhin, H. hyemalis (L.) Bruhin e H. variegata (Schleicher) Bruhin).
Asplenium balearicum Shivas en la Isla de Menorca
Authors: Roselló J. A. , Serra M.
Published: October 2020

Se estudia la variabilidad morfológica de Asplenium balearicum Shivas en la isla de Menorca, comparándose con los datos conocidos de las poblaciones italianas. Se esboza la ecología de la especie, con especial atención a sus preferencias edafológicas.
Combinaciones nuevas del género Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Alcaraz F. , Peinado M. , Martínez Parra J. M. , Carrión J. S. , Sánchez Gómez P.
Published: October 2020

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Hallazgo de Huperzia selago (L.) Berhn, ex Schrank & Mart, subsp. selago en Galicia
Authors: Reinoso J. , Rodríguez Oubiña J.
Published: October 2020

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Dos pteridófitos nuevos para la flora balear
Authors: Roselló J. A. , Alomar G.
Published: October 2020

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Catálogo de las algas continentales españolas. V. Cyanophyceae Schaffner 1909
Authors: Álvarez Cobelas Miguel , Gallardo Tomás
Published: October 2020

Se refiere aquí un catálogo de las Cianoficeas/Cianobacteriasespañolas citadas hasta julio de 1981, las cuales ascienden a 554 táxones.
Hifomicetos acuáticos de Sierra Nevada y Sierra de los Filabres
Authors: Roldán Antonio , Descals Enrique , Honrubia Mario
Published: October 2020

Cincuenta y dos tacones de los denominados "hifom icteos acuáticos" (49 hifom icetos y anamorfos de asco- y basidiomicetos, y 3 zigomicetos) fueron detectados en muestras de espuma procedentes de ríos y arroyos de Sierra Nevada. Se comenta la presencia de algunas especies y la aparición de varias formas desconocidas.
Notas cariológicas e fitogeográficas de algumas Pteridophyta de Portugál. I
Authors: Queiros Margarida , Ormonde José , Nogueira Isabel
Published: October 2020

Se estudia el número cromosómico de algunas Pteridophyta de la flora de Portugal. Después de una breve descripción, se comenta su ecología, distribución geográfica y cariologia.
Sobre la distribución del almidón en las Lycopodyales
Authors: Ibars Ana M. , Vilar Mercedes , Iranzo Julio , Salvo Enrique
Published: October 2020

Se realiza una descripción de las zonas donde se acumula almidón, tanto en el tallo erecto como en el rastrero de Lycopodiales, observando que su disposición depende, en las especies estudiadas, del biótipo y de la anatomía.
El género Ziziphora L. (Labiatae) en el Mediterráneo Occidental
Authors: López González Ginés , Bayer Ehrentraud
Published: October 2020

Se hace una revisión taxonómica del género Ziziphora en el Mediterráneo occidental. Se admiten dos especies, Z. hispanica L. y Z. aragonensis Pau (Z. acinoides auct. pl., non L.). Z. capitataL. parece no ser una planta de carácter espontáneo en la región. Se tipifican Z. hispanica L ., Z. acinoides L. y Z. aragonensis Pau.
Contribución a la tipificación de las especies del género Sideritis L. (Labiatae)
Authors: Socorro Oswaldo , Cano Luis , Espinar Carmen
Published: October 2020

Se tipifican en esta primera nota algunos tacones del género Sideritis L.: S. angustifolia Lag., S. funkiana Willk. y S. funkiana subsp. talaverana Socorro, Cano C Espinar nom. nov. Se indican los caracteres diagnósticos de S. funkiana, y, por último, se incluye una clave de separación de las subespecies de S. funkiana, así como sus diagnosis, distribución y material estudiado.
Líquenes del Parque Natural de Grazalema. I) Silicícolas
Authors: Rowe Jorge G. , Egea José Mª
Published: October 2020

Presentamos los resultados floristicos de la exploración de los afloramientos rocosos ácidos, básicamente areniscas de la "Unidad del Aljibe", del territorio comprendido en el Parque Natural de Grazalema (Cádiz, Málaga), con alturas que oscilan entre los 300 y 1000 m.s.m. En conjunto, se citan 86 taxones y se ofrece una breve descripción de los más críticos, mal conocidos o escasamente citados.
De plantis legionensibus. Notula XI
Authors: Herrero Cembranos Luis , García González Marta E. , Penas Ángel
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo se aportan datos corológicos y ecológicos sobre algunas fanerógamas, que se citan por primera vez para la flora leonesa, tales como: Atriplex patula L., Lepidium latifolium L., Lotus tenuis W aldst.EK it. ex W illd. var. tenuis, Hypericum androsaemumL.,Thymus x sennenii Pau, Verbascum blattaria L., Carduus bourgeanus Boiss. E Reuter, Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass., Onopordum nervosum Boiss., Centaurea aspera L. De otras se indican nuevas localidades.
Aportaciones palentinas al Atlas Pteridológico Ibérico y Balear 10 x 10
Authors: Herrero L. , García González M. E. , Puente E. , Penas A.
Published: October 2020

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Aportación al catálogo pteridoflorístico de la provincia de Málaga
Authors: Nieto J. M. , Pérez Latorre A. V. , Cabezudo Baltasar , Boyero J. R. , Escámez A. M. , Salvo A. E.
Published: October 2020

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Notas sobre flora española
Authors: Monstserrat Pedro
Published: October 2020

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FE DE ERRATAS
Authors: . .
Published: October 2020

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Nuevas consideraciones sobre un Teucrium de la Sierra de Cartagena. (T. Ambiguum (Lange) Nova Comb.)
Authors: Esteve Chueca F.
Published: October 2020

Se realiza un estudio comparativo entre Teucrium freynii Rev. y T. quadratulum Schreb. var. ambiguum Lge., proponiendo para este último el nombre de T. ambiguum (Lge.) Esteve Chueca nova comb.
Datos cariológicos y taxonómicos sobre el género Teucrium L. (Labiatae) en la Península Ibérica
Authors: Valdés Bermejo E. , Sánchez Crespo A.
Published: October 2020

Se estudian cariológicamente 52 poblaciones españolas correspondientes a 28 taxones del género Teucrium L., dándose a conocer por primera vez los números cromosómicos de los siguientes taxones: T fruticans L., (2n = 30); T. pseudochamaepitys L. ( 2n = 60); T. webbianum Boiss., (2n = 32 + 0-1B,48 + 0-2B); T.fragile Boiss., (2n = 32); T. libaniiis Schreber, (2n= 26); T. carolipaui C. Vicioso exPau, (2n = 26); T. carolipaui subsp. fontqueri (Sennen) Rivas-Martínez, (2n = 26) T. lepicephalum Pau, (2n = 26); T. turredanum Losa &Rivas Goday, (211 = 26); T.capita/urnsubsp. gracillimum(Rouy) Valdés-Bermejo, (2n = 26); T.expansum Pau, (2n = 26 + 0-2B, 52 + 0-2B); T lusitanicumSchreber subsp. aureoformis (Rouy) Valdés- Bermejo, (2n = 52); T. haenseleri Boiss. (2n = 26); T. chrysotrichum Lange, (2n = 26), T. lanigerum Lag. (2n = 26), y los niveles triploide para T. capitatum (3x = 39) y diploide para T. aureum subsp. angustifolium (Willk.) Puech (2x = 26). Se establece el número básico para las distintas secciones del género e incluimos en ellas las distintas especies Ibéricas y Baleáricas, y se emite hipótesis sobre el número básico originario. En lo nomenclatural se proponen las siguientes combinaciones: T. capitatum L. subsp. ,gracilimum(Rouy) Valdés-Bermejo y T. lusitanicum Schreber subsp. aureoformis (Rouy) Valdés-Bermejo.
Contribución al estudio del Omphalodion brassicaefoliae Rivas Martínez, S., Izco, J. & Costa, M., 1973 en el Sur de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Asensi A. , Díez Garretas B. , Esteve F.
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo, se comentan y confirman las comunidades ya descritas del Omphalodion brassicaefoliae siguientes, Jasiono -Linarietum saturejoidis y Arenario (capillipes)—lberidetum fontqueri. Asimismo se describen para esta alianza y para los mismos sectores corológicos las siguientes asociaciones nuevas, Violo lonopsidientum prolongoi typicum y linarietosum platyealicis. y Arenario (retusae)—Linarietum salzmannii.
Estudio de la vegetación bentónica del litoral granadino
Authors: Varo J. , Ramírez J. , Renteria J.
Published: October 2020

Como primera fase del estudio de la investigación bentónica del Litoral Granadino, se han recolectado y clasificado 111 especies de las que 61 pertenecen a la División Rhodophyta, 25 a la División Chlorophyta, 19 a la División Phaeophyta y 6 a la División Cyanophyta.
Aspectos de la distribución algal en el litoral granadino
Authors: Varo J. , Ramírez J.
Published: October 2020

Como un paso previo al establecimiento de la fitosociología de la flora bentónica en el litoral grandino, se describen las características fisionómicas de las poblaciones en zonas de actividad hidrodinámica, iluminación, sustrato, etc... diferentes.

Mediante criterios cualitativos de presencia y abundancia, se determinan las preferencias de las diferentes especies por un determinado nivel, en lo referente a la zonación vertical. Los cuadros elaborados ponen de manifiesto la delimitación de poblaciones litorales e infralitorales bién definidas, si bien, en el horizonte medio de la zona litoral, la vegetación debe ser considerada como de tránsito entre la de los horizontes superior e inferior, resultado de la escasa amplitud de las mareas mediterráneas.
Sobre algunas Gelidiáceas nuevas o poco conocidas de las costas españolas
Authors: Seoane Camba J.
Published: October 2020

En esta comunicación damos a conocer una nueva localidad de la isla de Tenerife para Gelidiella tinerfinsis J. Seoane- Camba, e igualmente se cita Gelidiella tenuissimaJ. Feldmann y G. Hamel en San Vicente de La Barquera (Santander) como nueva localidad para las costas españolas.

Se hace un estudio comparativo de Gelidium cartilagineum (L.) Gaillon, procedente de El Cabo, y Gelidium cartilagineum (L.) Gaillon var. canariensis Grunow de Tenerife, llegando a la conclusión de que las posibles afinidades morfológicas e histológicas entre ambos taxa no existen, o son tan lacias como las que pueden existir entre cualesquiera especies de Gelidium. Por ello proponemos el nombre de Gelidium canariensis (Grunow) nov. sp. para la planta canaria.

Finalmente se describe una nueva especie de Gelidium, encontrada en la costa cantábrica de la Península Ibérica, con el nombre de Gelidium cantabricum nov. sp.
Estudio sobre la micoflora atmosférica de Barcelona. II. Género Penicillium
Authors: Calvo M. A. , Guarro J.
Published: October 2020

Se estudia la incidencia del género Penicillium en la atmósfera de Barcelona, en el periodo comprendido desde noviembre de 1976 hasta febrero de 1978. Se expusieron 8.029 placas de Petri identificándose 32.965 propágulos pertenecientes a dicho género. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos con los aportados por otros autores en diversas ciudades del mundo, relacionándolos con las condiciones climatológicas.
Micromicetes españoles: Notula II
Authors: Losa Quintana J. M. , Giménez M. A.
Published: October 2020

Se dan a conocer los resultados obtenidos del estudio sobre Micromicetes. Las especies que se reseñan son: Puccinia hieracii (Schum.) Mart.; sobre Hieracium auricula L.) = H. lactucella Wallr.; Puccinia simphyti-bromorum Muller. subsp. benekeniGdum, sobre Bromus racemosus L. Puccinia lapsanae Fuck., sobre Lapsana communis L.; Uromyces scilla rum(Gerv.) Wint., sobre Scilla vana L.; Uromyces betae (Pers.) Lev., sobre Beta vulgaris L. subsp. maritima (L.) Arcangeli.; y Puccinia umbilici Guep., sobre Coledon pendulinus DC = Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy.
Estudio de algunas especies de Ascomicetes macroscópicos de la flora española
Authors: Losa Quintana J. M. , Freire L.
Published: October 2020

Se realiza el estudio de doce especies de Ascomicetes, cuyos cuerpos fructíferos alcanzan tamaños macroscópicos y de los cuales pudieron realizarse diapositivas directamente del natural o en el Laboratorio. De cada una de ellas se realiza un breve comentario de sus peculiaridades morfológicas o ecológicas. En algún caso pudo seguirse el desarrollo de sus fructificaciones. La revisión nomenclatural ha sido realizada por Moser, M.: Kleine Kryptogamen flora II a: Ascomyceten. Al menos dos especies de las que se muestran creemos son nuevas citas para la Flora española de Ascomicetes.
Líquenes de los Peñones de San Francisco (Sierra Nevada, Sur de España)
Authors: Casares M. , Llimona X.
Published: October 2020

Aportación a la flora liquénica de la parte esquistosa de Sierra Nevada, en un área abrupta, situada a 2.500 m, próxima al Albergue Universitario. Se da cuenta del hallazgo de 45 especies, entre las cuales: Peltigera degenii, Ramalina obtusat, Caloplaca epithallina, C. anchon-phoenicon, Alectoria minuseula, Parmelia infumata, Physconia muscigena, era poco conocidas o nuevas para España.
Aportación al conocimiento de la brioflora de Andalucia Noroccidental (Huelva, Sevilla y Córdoba)
Authors: Casas C. , Oliva R.
Published: October 2020

Son muy escasos los datos publicados referentes a la brioflora suroccidental de España. Como base para posteriores trabajos, se recopilan en una lista todas las especies publicadas hasta ahora en diversas notas y localizadas en las provincias de Huelva, Sevilla y Córdoba. Resultado de nuestras recolecciones, se añaden las especies y localidades que incrementan la briotlora de Andalucía occidental.
Aportación al estudio de los helechos de la cuenca extremeña del Guadiana
Authors: Pérez Chiscano J. L.
Published: October 2020

Se citan los helechos conocidos en la cuenca del río Guadiana (Extremadura). Se dan nuevos táxones para la flora extremeña y se citan nuevas localidades para varias especies.
El género Isoetes L. en la Peninsula Ibérica
Authors: Prada C.
Published: October 2020

Se ha efectuado una revisión taxonómica del género Isoetes L. en la Península Ibérica, reconociéndose representantes de las cuatro secciones admitidas para el género. Se propone un nuevo cambio de rango y se reivindica el nombre de Isoetes setacea Lam.

Se incluye una clave para la determinación de los taxones y para cada uno de ellos se indica el nombre válido, sinonimias, descripción, número cromosómico, tipo (cuando ha sido posible su estudio), ecología, relación del material estudiado y mapa de distribución.
O genero Cheilanthes Swartz em Portugall
Authors: Rocha Afonso M. L.
Published: October 2020

Hemos estudiado minuciosamente las especies de Cheilanthes asp. existentes en los principales herbarios portugueses (COI, LISI, LISU e PO), concluyendo que la mayor parte de estas, identificadas anteriormente como Ch. pteridioides o Ch. fragrans, no pertenecen de hecho a esta especie sino a aquellas afines, Ch. guanchica C. Bolle, Ch. maderensis Lowe e Ch. tinaei Tod. Se presentan unas claves de identificación para las especies portuguesas, así como listas de los ejemplares estudiados y los correspondientes mapas de distribución.
Nuevos datos sobre Myxomycetes presentes en la provincia de Granada (España)
Authors: Galán R. , Lado C. , Ortega A.
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo se aportan nuevos datos sobre el conocimiento de los Myxomycetes de Granada (sur de España), citándose catorce nuevas especies, entre las que ce destacan: Comatricha alta Preusz, Diderma trevelyanii (Grey.) Fr., Diderma umbilicatum Pers., Didymium bahiense Gottsberger, Didymium difforme (Pers.) S.F. Gray, Didymium trachysporum G. Lister, Lamproderma scintillans (Berk.EBr.) Morgan, Physarum contextum (Pers.) Pers., Physarum vernum Somm. y se amplía la corologia de varias especies ya citadas en anteriores trabajos. Se comenta la distribución en la Península Ibérica, confeccionándose mapas de distribución de dichos tacones basados en cuadrícula UTM de 50 Km.
Catálogo de las algas continentales españolas. II. Craspedophyceae, Cgptophyceae, Chysophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Haptophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae, Xanthophyceae
Authors: Álvarez Cobelas M.
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se mencionan las algas de agua dulce encontradas en España hasta julio de 1981 pertenecientes alas siguientes grupos (entre paréntesis, el número de táxones encontrados): Craspedophyceae (3), Cryptophyceae (20), Chrysophyceae (87), Dinophyceae (69), Euglenophyceae (116), Haptophyceae (9), Phaeophyceae (1), Rhodophyceae (20), Xanthophyceae (106).
Bgum dunense Smith & Whitehouse en la Peninsula Ibérica y Baleares. Observaciones taxonómicas, corológicas y fitosociológicas
Authors: Guerra J. , Puche F.
Published: October 2020

Nota sobre la corología, ecología y comportamiento fitosociológico de Bryum dunense Smith E Whitehouse en la Peninsula Ibérica y Baleares. Se recogen varias localidades del este y sur de España y dos de las costas de Portugal. Se describe una nueva comunidad arenícola de la cual forma parte Bryum dunense: Tortello flavovirentis-Bryetum dunensis (Barbuletea unguiculatae).
Contribución al conocimiento de la flora pteridofítica valenciana
Authors: Mateo G.
Published: October 2020

Se dá a conocer el catálogo de los pteridófitos actualmente reconocidos en la región de Valencia (España); especificando su distribución en las cuadriculas del retículo U.T.M.
Atlas de la pteridoflora ibérica y balear
Authors: Salvo A. E. , Cabezudo B. , España L.
Published: October 2020

Tomando como base el Atlas Florae Europeae se ha realizado una revisión corológica de la pteridoflora ibérica y balear.
Sobre la presencia de Azolla filiculoides Lam. en España
Authors: Ruiz de Clavijo E. , Muñoz J. , Salvo A. E. , Salvo A. E.
Published: October 2020

A zolla filiculoides Lam. se cita por primera vez para España.
Valor taxonómico de la morfología de las semillas en las especies del género Erica presentes en el NO de España
Authors: Fraga Vila M. I.
Published: October 2020

Se estudia la morfología de las semillas en las 10 especies del género Erica que de forma espontánea se desarrollan en Galicia (N.O. de España). Para su observación, encaminada a comprobar el valor taxonómico de los caracteres morfológicos seminales, se han utilizado microscopio óptico y electrónico de barrido.

El resultado de este estudio es el reconocimiento de diferencias dentro del género. Se incluye además una clave para las especies estudiadas, basada en la morfología de las semillas.
Arenaria cerastioides Poiret en España
Authors: Gallego M. J.
Published: October 2020

Se cita la presencia de Arenaria cerastioides Poiret en el Sur de España, incluyendo descripción y comentario de sus caracteres diferenciales con Arenaria hispanica Sprengel.
Sobre la corología y la fructificación de Centroceras clavulatum Montagne (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) en el Mediterráneo
Authors: Conde F.
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo, se destaca la presencia de Centroceras clavulatum Montagne, fructificado (ramas tetraspóricas) en la costas malagueñas, hecho poco señalado en la bibliografía mediterránea.
High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) Approaches - Country Perspective for Adoption and Adaptation in India
Authors:   Technical Officer, World Health Organization Country Office for India, New Delhi, India, Kumari Roop
Published: October 2020

In India, a National Framework for Malaria Elimination (NFME) has been developed and launched on 11 February 2016 align with the Global Technical Strategy (GTS) for malaria elimination 2016-2030. Malaria elimination will be carried out in a phased manner. In accordance with the NFME, National Strategy Plan for malaria elimination 2017-2022 has been developed by National Vector Borne Disease (NVBDCP), MoH & FW, Govt. of India in collaboration with WHO Country Office India and launched in July 2017. The country has made significant improvement in the malaria situation in recent years. Reported malaria cases were reduced by 49 % and deaths by 50% in 2018 compared to 2017. However, India and ten countries in Africa contribute approximately 70% of the world’s malaria cases and deaths. These countries adopted the “High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) approach”. HBHI has four response elements: (i) Political will to reduce malaria deaths; (ii) Strategic information to drive impact, (iii) Better guidance, policies and strategies, and (iv) A coordinated national malaria response. India has adopted this approach in May 2019 to further accelerate and sustain the progress in the states with high malaria burden. Initially, HBHI approaches are being adopted by NVBDCP with the support of WHO in four high burden states namely Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh. During the first phase, an in-depth situation analysis on malaria in these states have been conducted using the tools provided by WHO. Key features of adaptation of HBHI approaches in India and detail analysis of one state Madhya Pradesh are presented in the article.
Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Aflatoxin M1 Intake Through Consumption of Milk by General Population in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Preliminary Study
Authors: OMERAGIC Elma , MARJANOVIC Aleksandra , DJEDJIBEGOVIC Jasmina , TURALIC Amila , LUGUSIC Aida , SOBER Miroslav
Published: October 2020

Aflatoxins M1 and M2 are the hydroxylated metabolites of aflatoxins B1 and B2 and can be found in milk or milk products. The aim of this study was to obtain the exposure and health risk assessment of this toxin in raw milk using a selection of existing test results of different periods in a different region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For AFM1 intake assessment, the data available from the report of Pre-Accession Assistance To Agriculture And Rural Development Sector Analyses in Bosnia and Herzegovina was used. For the concentration of the aflatoxin M1 in raw milk, the data of the previous studies and unpublished data from the Laboratory of Toxicological Chemistry Faculty of the Pharmacy University of Sarajevo were used. Risk characterization was performed by calculating the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence per year for four exposure scenario. The results indicated that the average estimated daily intake of aflatoxin M1 was 0.049 ng/kg body weight (bw) per day. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (cases/year/100 000 individuals), depending on the HBsAg prevalence, was relatively low (average 0.000064-0.000074 cases/year/100 000). It is concluded that in recent years, the carcinogenic risk of aflatoxin M1 has been low and not critical in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Kısmi Pişirme Yönteminin Kek Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KARAOĞLU Mehmet Murat , BEDİR Yeşim
Published: October 2020

Çalışmada kısmi pişirme yönteminin kek üretiminde kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, farklı sürelerde (15, 20, 25 dakika) kısmi pişirilen kek örnekleri, oda sıcaklığında 7, 14 ve 21 gün depolandıktan sonra ikinci pişirme işlemi ile tüketime hazır son ürün elde edilerek fiziksel ve mikrobiyolojik analizlere tabi tutulmuştur. Mikrobiyal kalite bakımından, kısmi pişirme süresi analiz sonuçları üzerine önemli bir etkiye sahip olmazken ara depolama süresinin artması 21. günden sonra toplam mezofilik aerobik bakteri ve maya-küf sayılarını artırıcı yönde etkili olmuştur. Kısmi pişirme yöntemi keklerde pişme kaybını artırmıştır. Ara depolama süresindeki artış spesifik hacim değerlerini önemli derecede etkilemezken, genel olarak kısmi pişirme süresinin artması spesifik hacim değerlerini artırıcı yönde etkili olmuştur. Kek örneklerinin sertlik değerleri ara depolama süresi ile artarken, sertlik bakımından kontrol grubu örneklere en yakın değerlere 20 ve 25 dakika kısmi pişirildikten sonra oda sıcaklığında 7 gün depolanmış ve yeniden pişirilmiş kek örnekleri sahip olmuştur. Genel olarak, kısmi pişirme yöntemi, keklerde çiğnenebilirlik ve elastikiyet değerlerini artırıcı, kohesiflik değerini ise düşürücü yönde etkili olmuştur. İstenildiği zaman taze ürün tüketimi bakımından, kısmi pişirme yönteminin, özellikle 20 dakika kısmi pişirme ve 14 güne kadar ara depolama süresinin, kek üretiminde kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Framing the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Process in Canada: A Media Analysis of Settler Colonial Rhetoric and Colonial Denial, 2003-2016
Authors: Mudde Laura
Published: October 2020

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) of Canada helped to expose the trauma experienced by Indigenous peoples in Canada’s Indian Residential Schools (IRS), which were governed and run by government and church officials. In 2008, the Canadian government formally apologized for these residential schools. This apology was undermined, however, by a denial of colonial history by Canada at the G20 in 2009, revealing a rhetorical contradiction that is part of a public narrative of colonial denial. This paper examines the public discourse during and after the TRC process to understand the impact of negative discourses regarding the TRC and colonialism. This case study examines written content from five Canadian media platforms that covered the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and TRC process between 2003 and 2016. Drawing on concepts such as the white possessive, white rage, and white fragility, the aim of this paper is to unpack the cognitive dissonance of apology concurrent with the rhetoric of settler colonial denial. Findings from the discourse analysis substantiate the hypothesis that continued dominant narratives of settler colonialism align with representations of the TRC process. This limits the authentic potential for a formal apology to address the IRS legacy which perpetuates continued settler colonial realities in Canada.
Un/Covering White Lies: Exposing Racism in the Era of Racelessness
Authors: Douglas Delia
Published: October 2020

This project examines a Canadian court case that involves the largest arson homicide in the history of Vancouver, British Columbia. In May 2006 a fire killed four members of a Congolese refugee family (Adela Etibako and three of her children, Benedicta, Edita, and Stephane) along with Ashley Singh, the South Asian girlfriend of the target and sole survivor of the fire, Bolingo Etibako. On October 5, 2008 the accused, Nathan Fry, a 20-year-old white male, was found guilty of five counts of first-degree murder and one count of attempted murder. Fry received an automatic life sentence without the possibility of parole for 25 years. This paper considers this crime and the legal proceedings as a case study that can further our understanding of discourses of race, racism, and citizenship in Canada, and their link to Mbembe’s (2003) notion of necropolitics, what he terms as the politics of life and death. I argue that the viciousness of the crime, an offense involving a white male perpetrator and victims all of whom are racialized as Black and Brown, reflects the embodied practices and psychological processes that are both emblematic of, and integral to, the violence of coloniality, and the racial relations and structural arrangements of present-day white settler society (Martinot, 2010; Razack, 2002, 2005). I show how the crime, the investigation, and the trial communicate symbolically and materially what bell hooks (1992) characterizes as the “terrorizing force of white supremacy” (p. 344).
Paleoredox and Environmental Conditions of Southern Neo-Tethys Deposits in South Iraq (Yamama Formation) by Geochemical Indicators
Authors: Al-Obaidi Mutadhid , Ahmed Muaiad Tahir , Khwedim Kareem , Hussain Salah Ali
Published: October 2020

A geochemical and environmental study was carried out for the sediments of the Southern Neo-Tethys Ocean, represented by the Yamama Formation (Berriasian-Valaganian) in southern Iraq. The formation has a particular reservoir importance. The typical WQ-220 and WQ-280 wells were selected from the West Qurna field. Data of Gamma-ray logs were used for 30 depths of the typical well. Ten core samples were analyzed by X-Ray Fluoresces and total organic matter from both wells. The results showed that shaliness was relatively low, with an average of 16.5%, leading to a decrease in the presence of clay minerals and trace elements because the environment of the Yamama Formation is relatively far away from the coast. Qualitative evaluation of clay minerals was carried out by thorium/potassium ratio, which showed the dominance of illite and smectite. This may be due to an increase in the salinity of the ocean at that time or because potassium bonds are strong enough to resist the diagenesis processes. The origin of shale in the Yamama Formation was studied using the relationship TiO2-MgO+Fe2O3; the sources were passive margin group, oceanic island arc and active continental margin. The redox potential of  paleoenvironment was determined by the thorium/uranium ratio, which showed that the beginning of depositional environment was slightly oxidized, but with the increase of sedimentation, it turned into a reduced environment, which indicates a transgression phase of sea level. The results of euxinic affinity, based on the relationship between molybdenum and Total Organic Carbon (TOC), reflect dyoxic facies which is deposited in extremely low but non-zero oxygen content, while the upper was approaching anoxic facies zone. The paleoenvironment of the Yamama Formation was of restricted deep marine water (outer shelf - upper part of  the benthic zone) which contained a marine transgression phase because of the opening of Southern Neo-Tethys Ocean in the Valanginian age.
Jordan Triple Higher (Ïƒ,Ï„)-Homomorphisms on Prime Rings
Authors: Salih Salah M. , Sulaiman Neshtiman N.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the concept of Jordan triple higher -homomorphisms on prime

rings is introduced.  A result of Herstein is extended on this concept from the ring  into the prime ring .  We prove that every Jordan triple higher -homomorphism of ring  into prime ring  is either triple higher -homomorphism  or triple higher -anti-homomorphism of  into .
Molecular Study of Regulatory Gene (Ler) in Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli (EPEC) of Diarrheagenic Patients
Authors: AL-Imam Mokhtar Jawad Kadhim , Flayyih May Talib
Published: October 2020

The locus of enterocyte effacement LEE-encoded regulator (Ler( is a global regulator of multiple virulence genes expression in the Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), including those encoding the type III secretion pathway and adhesion proteins such as intimin. Ler is central to the process of the formation of the attaching and effacing (AE) lesions. This study aimed to perform the molecular detection of Ler gene in EPEC, since there is no related previous study in Iraq. Two hundred and fifty stool specimens from children under two years of age for both sexes were collected from some Iraqi hospitals. All isolates were diagnosed according to morphological characteristics and biochemical tests. The results showed that 140 (56%) samples were identified as E.coli, while 8  (5.7%) isolates were identified as EPEC as confirmed by using VITEK 2 system. Susceptibility test was determined for all EPEC isolates to 16 different antibiotics. The results showed that 100%of these isolates were resistant to Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Trimethoprim and Ceftazidime, whereas resistance values to Nitrofurantoin, Cefoxitin and Gentamicin were  66%, 40%, and 15% respectively. However 100% of the isolates were  sensitive to Piperacillin, Ertapenem, Imipenem, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin and Tigecycline. Monoplex pattern of PCR was used for detecting 16SrRNA, eae, stx1, lifA and Ler genes in EPEC. The results showed that the isolates of E.coli were positive for 16SrRNA, eae, lifA and Ler, while no bands of stx1 appeared.
Detection of Some Immunological Parameters in Psoriatic Iraqi Female Patients
Authors: Khazem Rehab Morad , Ibraheem Shaima R.
Published: October 2020

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, immune-mediated skin disease with systemic pro-inflammatory activation.  This study was designed to estimate the level of two cytokines, Interleukin-36 (IL-36) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10), in psoriasis female patients. The study was accomplished on 50 Iraqi patients with psoriasis who were referred to the consulting clinic at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital during the period from November 2018 to March 2019. These patients were diagnosed under the supervision of dermatologists. For the purpose of comparison, the study included 30 healthy women as a healthy control group. The serum levels of cytokines  were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique (ELISA).The results of this study showed that the mean age of the female patients was 35.9 Â± 1.85 years, whereas the age of the patients with a severity of higher than 30% ranged 15-25 years. Most of the patients were married, in an average living condition, and non-smokers, and their menstrual cycle was continuous. It was also found that 28% of the psoriatic patients had other chronic diseases. The study showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in the mean level of IL-36 between the patients and healthy control group, whereas there was no statistical difference in the mean level of IL-10. In conclusion,   the   decrease in the level of IL-36 in the patients might be related to the increase in the severity of the disease.
Use of emergency backup resources during open food challenges at a pediatric tertiary care center
Authors: Knox Samantha , Bjelac Jaclyn , Liu Wei , Schroer Brian
Published: October 2020

Background: Oral food challenge (OFC) remains the criterion standard diagnostic procedure for food allergy. Althoughthe need for OFCs has increased, some allergists may not perform them due to the risk for adverse events and lack of backupresources.Objective: The study aimed to elucidate the frequency of reactions in which emergency backup resources were used andreported on various challenge outcomes at a tertiary pediatric hospital.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed children and young adults (ages, 0–21 years) who completed OFCs in 2013–2018 at Cleveland Clinic Children’s Hospital. Demographics, atopic history, culprit food, reaction history, and diagnostic testing as well as challenge details and outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 1269 challenges of 812 unique patients ages 5 months to 21 years were reviewed. More than half of challenges were performed in patients with a history of a reaction and positive testing result before challenge. The foods with the highest proportion of allergic outcomes were egg, sesame, and baked egg. More than one-third of challenge reactions were grade 3 or 4 anaphylaxis when using a food-induced anaphylaxis grading scale. Epinephrine was used for reactions in 7.2% of all challenges. Reactions in five challenges (0.4%) prompted utilization of backup emergency resources.Conclusion: On review of nearly 1300 OFCs, emergency backup resources were rarely used, despite a large proportion ofmoderate-to-severe reactions. The need for backup resources during food challenges is rare, which suggests that most typicalallergy offices are able to treat OFC reactions.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MEMAHAMI KOMPONEN KIMIAWI PENYUSUN SEL MELALUI METODE PERCOBAAN
Authors: Purmini Noneng
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas metode percobaan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan memahami komponen kimiawi penyusun sel dan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran melalui metode percobaan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan memahami komponen kimiawi penyusun sel siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Kawali tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yaitu tindakan kelas yang berlangsung dalam dua siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPA berjumlah 36 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kritis dan interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa metode percobaan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan memahami komponen kimiawi penyusun sel siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Kawali tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Dari data yang terkumpul, peneliti melihat adanya peningkatan dalam persentase siswa kelas XI IPA 1 yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM (ketuntasan belajar) sebesar 100% dan peningkatan penguasaan materi sebesar 23.4%. selain itu, metode percobaan terbukti dapat meningkatkan perilaku siswa kelas XI IPA 1 sehingga mereka lebih jujur, disiplin, tanggung jawab, peduli, mau bergotong-royong, mampu bekerjasama, toleran, santun, responsif, dan proaktif dalam setiap kegiatan. Kata Kunci: Komponen kimiawi, Penyusunan sel, percobaan
STUDI DOKUMENTER HASIL BELAJAR PSIKOMOTOR MATERI KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PjBL PADA SISWA KELAS VII MTsN 11 CIAMIS
Authors: Mulyani Teni Setia , Erlin Euis , Yulisma Lia
Published: October 2020

Tujuan studi dokumenter ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan model PjBL serta faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keefektifan model PjBL terhadap hasil belajar psikomotor siswa pada materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup di MTsN 11 Ciamis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian secara kualitatif melalui pendekatan triangulasi. Instrumen yang digunakan dokumen hasil belajar psikomotor, kuesioner wawancara, serta beberapa dokumen lain yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar diantaranya RPP, bahan ajar yang digunakan, serta media pembelajaran. Subjek penelitian adalah dokumen hasil belajar psikomotor siswa kelas VII A. Sampel diambil secara acak sederhana (Simple Random Sampling). Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi, menyajikan data, dan analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar psikomotor berada dalam kategori sangat baik. Ketercapaian hasil belajar tersebut dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor baik dari diri siswa maupun dari lingkungan belajar. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keefektifan penggunaan model PjBL diantaranya: (1) kelompok diskusi, (2) rasa tidak mudah putus asa, dan (3) serta motivasi siswa untuk belajar. Tambahkan kesimpulan dan  implikasi hasil penelitian Kata kunci: PjBL, Keefektifan, dan Hasil Belajar Psikomotor
Interventional radiology during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A tertiary care community hospital’s initial experience
Authors: O’Neal Daniel William , Vosburgh Will , Andrews Robert Hampton , Samoilov Dmitri , Vingan Harlan
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, and has significantly impacted nearly every facet of medicine. Interventional radiology (IR), of course, has been no exception. This article highlights the experiences of a community-based IR department as they create a safe environment for patients and staff during the pandemic while continuing to provide high-quality care.
Dietary deficiencies among families of air warriors: Use of iron deficiency anemia as an index
Authors: Gupta N , Vempati V , Agarwal A
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

Anemia is a prevalent health problem in India affecting all age groups. It has shown the highest prevalence among preschool children and occurs more commonly in the lower socioeconomic group. Observationally, it was noticed at an Air Force station that preschool children of air warriors had iron deficiency anemia at levels similar to those seen in lower socioeconomic groups. This prompted us to evaluate dietary practices among families of air warriors as a contributory factor to iron deficiency in these children.

Material and Methods:

All anemic children diagnosed of iron deficiency in the age group of 6–59 months were included in the study. Data were compiled from the clinical history, dietary habits and laboratory parameters obtained. The dietary habits were analyzed based on parameters defined in the current infant and young child feeding guidelines such as exclusive breastfeeding, minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity, and minimum acceptable diet. Mann–Whitney U-test was used to determine statistical significance of difference between means of two independent groups. Spearman correlation analysis between two independent variables was done and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictor variables for iron deficiency anemia.

Results:

About 74.1% of the anemic children fell into age group of 6–23 months (infants and young children). 75% of children of the age group of 6–23 months were started on cow’s milk at the time of weaning. The average amount of cow’s milk consumed in a day was 0.7 L. In this age group, the minimum dietary diversity was observed in 11.1%, minimum acceptable diet in 5.5% and minimum meal frequency in 22.2% of the children. In the same age group, a statistically significant negative correlation was observed between cow’s milk quantity given per day and hemoglobin (ρ = ‒0.77). A significant negative correlation was found between cow’s milk quantity and variables such as age and number of solid meals received in a day (ρ = ‒0.553 and –0.526, respectively). In multiple regression analysis with hemoglobin as the dependent variable, a significant negative association was observed with cow’s milk quantity. Age showed statistically significant positive correlation with hemoglobin (ρ = 0.762) which was also seen on linear regression analysis. Serum ferritin was low in 44.5% while total iron-binding capacity was raised in 100% of the cases.

Conclusion:

Iron deficiency anemia was disproportionately distributed among infants and young children (age group 6–23 months). Copious consumption of cow’s milk in this age group led to fewer solid feeds per day and lack of dietary diversity which led to an iron deficient state in these children. This probably resulted in manifestation of anemia in this population. The study brings out the need for dietary counseling for air warriors and their families to ensure better health and lower disease burden.
Correlation of age, height, and gender with +Gz tolerance among healthy Indian participants
Authors: Kasture S , Sharma M , Nataraja MS
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

Aircrew are repetitively exposed to positive Gz acceleration in fighter flying. Factors affecting +Gz tolerance vary among individuals and are determined by both modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Some of the non-modifiable factors influencing +Gz tolerance are age, gender, and height. The present study was undertaken to understand the relationship of these variables with relaxed +Gz tolerance.

Material and Methods:

The study involved a retrospective analysis of existing database of the high-performance human centrifuge at the Institute of Aerospace Medicine. Relevant data from 70 non-aircrew subjects were included for the study. Of these, 39 were male and 31 were female. The age and height varied from 27 to 38 years and 157 to 187 cm, respectively. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel® to find the correlation between age and height with relaxed +Gz tolerance. Relaxed +Gz tolerance of men and women was compared using unpaired t-test. Significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

The mean age, height, and relaxed +Gz tolerance of males were found to be 30.25 ± 4.3 years, 172.58 ± 6.5 cm, and 4.89 ± 0.67G, respectively, whereas those of females were 27.28 ± 3.36 years, 158.46 ± 6.78 cm, and 4.4 ± 0.85G, respectively. In both males and females, age and height showed no correlation with relaxed +Gz tolerance. However, the relaxed +Gz tolerance was found to be higher in males and this difference was statistically different (P = 0.008).

Conclusion:

Age and height showed no correlation with relaxed +Gz tolerance in both males and females nonaircrew subjects. Males exhibited a statistically significant, higher relaxed +Gz tolerance as compared to females.