bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Large-Amplitude Oscillations of PFG Composite Rectangular Microplates Based Upon the Modified Strain Gradient Elasticity Theory
Authors: Chu Jiafeng , Wang Yanzhao , Sahmani Saeid , Safaei Babak
Published: February 2022

In this research work, the nonlinear large-amplitude free vibration characteristics of composite microplates made of a porous functionally graded (PFG) material are addressed numerically in the presence of different size-dependent strain gradient tensors as microscale. Accordingly, for the first time, the effect of each microstructural tensor is analyzed separately on the nonlinear free oscillations of PFG microplates with and without a central cutout. In order to fulfill this goal, the isogeometric computation approach is engaged to integrate the finite element approach into the nonuniform B-spline-based computer aided design tool. Accordingly, the geometry of the microplate with a central cutout is modeled smoothly to verify C−1 continuity based upon a refined higher-order plate formulations. In this regard, the microstructural-dependent frequency responses associated with the nonlinear free oscillations of microplates are traced. In both the cases of simply supported and clamped boundary conditions, it was revealed that the fundamental frequency is enhanced about 1.20% by considering only the symmetric rotation gradient tensor, about 3.27% by taking only the dilatation gradient tensor, and 9.43% by considering only the deviatoric stretch gradient tensor. On the other hand, the anisotropic character of PFG composite microplates results in an unsymmetrical frequency response curve, as the nonlinear frequencies associated with negative oscillation amplitudes are a bit higher than those of positive ones.
Optimum Design of Single and Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers for Vibration Control in Buildings Under Seismic Excitation
Authors: Brandão Francisco da Silva , de Almeida Alex Koch , Miguel Letícia Fleck Fadel
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a study on optimization of design parameters and positions of single tuned mass damper (STMD) and multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs), used as vibration control systems in buildings under seismic excitations aiming to reduce their story drift. As case studies, three buildings are subjected to three real earthquakes and one non-stationary artificial earthquake, and their responses are analyzed. For each building, different control scenarios are proposed and to run the optimizations, the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) was used. The results showed that for Building 1, the Scenario 1-Optimized, with a STMD at the top floor, was the best alternative. In Building 2, the Scenario 1-Optimized, with also a STMD at the top floor, proved to be the best solution. Finally, for Building 3, the Scenario 4-Modified, with 3 TMDs arranged in the building elevation plane was the only one that had effective control of structural response, therefore, it is the best control scenario.
A non-commutative Nullstellensatz
Authors: Bao Zhengheng , Reichstein Zinovy
Published: February 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a field and [Formula: see text] be a finite-dimensional central division algebra over [Formula: see text]. We prove a variant of the Nullstellensatz for [Formula: see text]-sided ideals in the ring of polynomial maps [Formula: see text]. In the case where [Formula: see text] is commutative, our main result reduces to the [Formula: see text]-Nullstellensatz of Laksov and Adkins–Gianni–Tognoli. In the case, where [Formula: see text] is the field of real numbers and [Formula: see text] is the algebra of Hamilton quaternions, it reduces to the quaternionic Nullstellensatz recently proved by Alon and Paran.
Constraining the generalized uncertainty principle through black hole shadow, S2 star orbit, and quasiperiodic oscillations
Authors: Jusufi Kimet , Azreg-Aïnou Mustapha , Jamil Mubasher , Zhu Tao
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we study the effect of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) on the shadow of GUP-modified Kerr black hole and the correspondence between the shadow radius and the real part of the quasinormal modes (QNMs). We find that the shadow curvature radius of the GUP-modified Kerr black hole is bigger compared to the Kerr vacuum solution and increases linearly monotonically with the increase of the GUP parameter. We then investigate the characteristic points of intrinsic curvature of the shadow from a topological point of view to calculate the angular size for these curvature radii of the shadow. To this end, we have used the EHT data for the M87* black hole to constrain the upper limits of the GUP parameter and our result is [Formula: see text]. Finally, we have explored the connection between the shadow radius and the scalar/electromagnetic/gravitational QNMs. Using the orbit of S2 star we have obtained a bound for the GUP parameter [Formula: see text]. The GUP-modified Kerr black hole is also used to provide perfect curve fitting of the particle oscillation upper and lower frequencies to the observed frequencies for three microquasars and to restrict the values of the correction parameter in the metric of the modified black hole to very reasonable bound [Formula: see text].
Designing User Interaction with Linked Data in Historical Archives
Authors: Guedes Cláudia , Giesteira Bruno , Nunes Sérgio
Published: February 2022

In this article, we present solutions to visualize and interact with linked data in historical archives considering three different scenarios: search, individual record view, and creation of relationships. The created solutions were designed using non-functional mockups and were based on the CIDOC-CRM model, a model created and applied in the museums community liable to be extended to other cultural heritage institutions, being our solutions an application of this model to archives. A sample of 20 archival professionals was selected to evaluate the elements included in the proposed solutions. The evaluation sessions consisted in structured interviews supported by an introductory video and a survey. The think-aloud protocol was applied during the sessions. We conducted both a quantitative and qualitative analysis to the collected answers. From this analysis, we conclude that the majority of the participants showed great receptivity to the solutions presented and recognized many benefits in the application of linked data. Our contributions also include an exploratory study of some existing linked data systems, giving particular attention to their visualization and interaction modes.
Digitizing Intangible Cultural Heritage Embodied: State of the Art
Authors: Hou Yumeng , Kenderdine Sarah , Picca Davide , Egloff Mattia , Adamou Alessandro
Published: February 2022

Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) as a field of research and site for digital efforts has grown significantly since the UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Heritage. In contrast to tangible heritage, where cultural identities are manifested through physical objects, intangible cultural expressions are defined through tacit reliances and embodied practices. Such practices are usually bodily communicated, enacted, socially transmitted, and constantly evolving. Burgeoning trends in computational heritage and ICT applications have played a crucial role in safeguarding ICH as they produce versatile resources while making them accessible to the public. Nevertheless, most of the inventions are object-centric and cater to conserving material-based knowledge bases. Few endeavors thus far have fully supported the recording, representing, and reviving of the living nature of ICH.

One of the challenges now faced is to find appropriate forms, together with efficient methods, to document the ephemeral aspects of intangible heritage. Another barrier is to find effective ways to communicate the knowledge inextricably linked to people. In response, recent efforts have embarked on capturing the “live” and “active” facets of the embodied cultures, which entails addressing technological and curatorial complexity to communicate the material and immaterial aspects within a meaningful context. Meanwhile, advancements in experimental museology have opened up new modes of experiential narratives, particularly through visualization, augmentation, participation, and immersive embodiment. Novel practices of cultural data computation and data sculpting have also emerged toward the ideal of knowledge reconstruction.

This article outlines state-of-the-art models, projects, and technical practices that have advanced the digitization lifecycle for ICH resources. The review focuses on several critical but less studied tasks within digital archiving, computational encoding, conceptual representation, and interactive engagement with the intangible cultural elements. We aim at identifying the advancements and gaps in the existing conventions, and to envision opportunities for transmitting embodied knowledge in intangible heritage.
Illumination-based Augmentation for Cuneiform Deep Neural Sign Classification
Authors: Rest Christopher , Fisseler Denis , Weichert Frank , Somel Turna , Müller Gerfrid G. W.
Published: February 2022

Automated content-based search for arbitrary cuneiform signs in photographic reproductions is a challenging task in the analysis of ancient documents, a central component of which is a reliable cuneiform sign classification. We present an illumination-based approach to generate synthetic training data for cuneiform sign classification via deep neural networks to overcome common issues with the transferability of machine learning training results. Starting from an analysis of the negative impact of illumination variations in the processed cuneiform data, we employ an illumination augmentation to two-dimensional (2D) training data generated from annotated 3D datasets. We demonstrate that our method is able to overcome the high visual variance of most digitized 2D cuneiform reproductions and achieve an illumination invariant generalization. The effectiveness of our approach is evaluated by its successful application to several subsets of a cuneiform script dataset with an originally poor transferability of mutual training results. Furthermore, we show that a sufficient sampling of the illumination space mostly removes the necessity to match the training data to specific target illumination conditions. The practical applicability of our approach is validated by applying it to a larger dataset, raising the overall classification accuracy by 4 percentage points to 90%, resulting in a classification error reduction of 28.5% when compared to results without the proposed data augmentation.
Depth-of-Field Segmentation for Near-lossless Image Compression and 3D Reconstruction
Authors: von Buelow Max , Tausch Reimar , Schurig Martin , Knauthe Volker , Wirth Tristan , Guthe Stefan , Santos Pedro , Fellner Dieter W.
Published: February 2022

Over the years, photometric three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction gained increasing importance in several disciplines, especially in cultural heritage preservation. While increasing sizes of images and datasets enhanced the overall reconstruction results, requirements in storage got immense. Additionally, unsharp areas in the background have a negative influence on 3D reconstructions algorithms. Handling the sharp foreground differently from the background simultaneously helps to reduce storage size requirements and improves 3D reconstruction results. In this article, we examine regions outside the Depth of Field (DoF) and eliminate their inaccurate information to 3D reconstructions. We extract DoF maps from the images and use them to handle the foreground and background with different compression backends, making sure that the actual object is compressed losslessly. Our algorithm achieves compression rates between 1:8 and 1:30 depending on the artifact and DoF size and improves the 3D reconstruction.
Deeply Activated Salient Region for Instance Search
Authors: Xiao Hui-Chu , Zhao Wan-Lei , Lin Jie , Hong Yi-Geng , Ngo Chong-Wah
Published: February 2022

The performance of instance search relies heavily on the ability to locate and describe a wide variety of object instances in a video/image collection. Due to the lack of a proper mechanism for locating instances and deriving feature representation, instance search is generally only effective when the instances are from known object categories. In this article, a simple but effective instance-level feature representation approach is presented. Different from the existing approaches, the issues of class-agnostic instance localization and distinctive feature representation are considered. The former is achieved by detecting salient instance regions from an image by a layer-wise back-propagation process. The back-propagation starts from the last convolution layer of a pre-trained CNNs that is originally used for classification. The back-propagation proceeds layer by layer until it reaches the input layer. This allows the salient instance regions in the input image from both known and unknown categories to be activated. Each activated salient region covers the full or, more usually, a major range of an instance. The distinctive feature representation is produced by average-pooling on the feature map of a certain layer with the detected instance region. Experiments show that this kind of feature representation demonstrates considerably better performance than most of the existing approaches.
SLAM for Indoor Parking: A Comprehensive Benchmark Dataset and a Tightly Coupled Semantic Framework
Authors: Shao Xuan , Shen Ying , Zhang Lin , Zhao Shengjie , Zhu Dandan , Zhou Yicong
Published: February 2022

For the task of autonomous indoor parking, various Visual-Inertial Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) systems are expected to achieve comparable results with the benefit of complementary effects of visual cameras and the Inertial Measurement Units. To compare these competing SLAM systems, it is necessary to have publicly available datasets, offering an objective way to demonstrate the pros/cons of each SLAM system. However, the availability of such high-quality datasets is surprisingly limited due to the profound challenge of the groundtruth trajectory acquisition in the Global Positioning Satellite denied indoor parking environments. In this article, we establish BeVIS, a large-scale
Be
nchmark dataset with
V
isual (front-view),
I
nertial and
S
urround-view sensors for evaluating the performance of SLAM systems developed for autonomous indoor parking, which is the first of its kind where both the raw data and the groundtruth trajectories are available. In BeVIS, the groundtruth trajectories are obtained by tracking artificial landmarks scattered in the indoor parking environments, whose coordinates are recorded in a surveying manner with a high-precision Electronic Total Station. Moreover, the groundtruth trajectories are comprehensively evaluated in terms of two respects, the reprojection error and the pose volatility, respectively. Apart from BeVIS, we propose a novel tightly coupled semantic SLAM framework, namely VIS
SLAM
-2, leveraging
V
isual (front-view),
I
nertial, and
S
urround-view sensor modalities, specially for the task of autonomous indoor parking. It is the first work attempting to provide a general form to model various semantic objects on the ground. Experiments on BeVIS demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed VIS
SLAM
-2. Our benchmark dataset BeVIS is publicly available at
https://shaoxuan92.github.io/BeVIS
.
Toward a Human-Readable State Machine Extraction
Authors: Brunner Michaela , Hepp Alexander , Baehr Johanna , Sigl Georg
Published: February 2022

The target of sequential reverse engineering is to extract the state machine of a design. Sequential reverse engineering of a gate-level netlist consists of the identification of so-called state flip-flops (sFFs), as well as the extraction of the state machine. The second step can be solved with an exact approach if the correct sFFs and the correct reset state are provided. For the first step, several more or less heuristic approaches exist.

This work investigates sequential reverse engineering with the objective of a human-readable state machine extraction. A human-readable state machine reflects the original state machine and is not overloaded by additional design information. For this purpose, the work derives a systematic categorization of sFF sets, based on properties of single sFFs and their sets. These properties are determined by analyzing the degrees of freedom in describing state machines as the well-known Moore and Mealy machines. Based on the systematic categorization, this work presents an sFF set definition for a human-readable state machine, categorizes existing sFF identification strategies, and develops four post-processing methods. The results show that post-processing predominantly improves the outcome of several existing sFF identification algorithms.
Towards Accurate Oriented Object Detection in Aerial Images with Adaptive Multi-level Feature Fusion
Authors: Zhen Peining , Wang Shuqi , Zhang Suming , Yan Xiaotao , Wang Wei , Ji Zhigang , Chen Hai-Bao
Published: February 2022

Detecting objects in aerial images is a long-standing and challenging problem since the objects in aerial images vary dramatically in size and orientation. Most existing neural network based methods are not robust enough to provide accurate oriented object detection results in aerial images since they do not consider the correlations between different levels and scales of features. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage network-based detector with

a
daptive
f
eature
f
usion towards highly accurate oriented object
det
ection

in aerial images, named
AFF-Det
. First, a
multi-scale feature fusion module (MSFF)
is built on the top layer of the extracted feature pyramids to mitigate the semantic information loss in the small-scale features. We also propose a cascaded oriented bounding box regression method to transform the horizontal proposals into oriented ones. Then the transformed proposals are assigned to all
feature pyramid network (FPN)
levels and aggregated by the
weighted RoI feature aggregation (WRFA)
module. The above modules can adaptively enhance the feature representations in different stages of the network based on the attention mechanism. Finally, a rotated decoupled-RCNN head is introduced to obtain the classification and localization results. Extensive experiments are conducted on the DOTA and HRSC2016 datasets to demonstrate the advantages of our proposed AFF-Det. The best detection results can achieve 80.73% mAP and 90.48% mAP, respectively, on these two datasets, outperforming recent state-of-the-art methods.
A Survey on Ransomware: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Defense Solutions
Authors: Oz Harun , Aris Ahmet , Levi Albert , Uluagac A. Selcuk
Published: February 2022

In recent years, ransomware has been one of the most notorious malware targeting end-users, governments, and business organizations. It has become a very profitable business for cybercriminals with revenues of millions of dollars, and a very serious threat to organizations with financial losses of billions of dollars. Numerous studies were proposed to address the ransomware threat, including surveys that cover certain aspects of ransomware research. However, no study exists in the literature that gives the complete picture on ransomware and ransomware defense research with respect to the diversity of targeted platforms. Since ransomware is already prevalent in PCs/workstations/desktops/laptops, and is becoming more prevalent in mobile devices, and has already hit IoT/CPS recently, and will likely grow further in the IoT/CPS domain very soon, understanding ransomware and analyzing defense mechanisms with respect to target platforms is becoming more imperative. In order to fill this gap and motivate further research, in this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on ransomware and ransomware defense research with respect to PCs/workstations, mobile devices, and IoT/CPS platforms. Specifically, covering 137 studies over the period of 1990-2020, we give a detailed overview of ransomware evolution, comprehensively analyze the key building blocks of ransomware, present a taxonomy of notable ransomware families, and provide an extensive overview of ransomware defense research (i.e., analysis, detection, and recovery) with respect to platforms of PCs/workstations, mobile devices, and IoT/CPS. Moreover, we derive an extensive list of open issues for future ransomware research. We believe this survey will motivate further research by giving a complete picture on state-of-the-art ransomware research.
A Tensor Network based Decision Diagram for Representation of Quantum Circuits
Authors: Hong Xin , Zhou Xiangzhen , Li Sanjiang , Feng Yuan , Ying Mingsheng
Published: February 2022

Tensor networks have been successfully applied in simulation of quantum physical systems for decades. Recently, they have also been employed in classical simulation of quantum computing, in particular, random quantum circuits. This article proposes a decision diagram style data structure, called Tensor Decision Diagram (TDD), for more principled and convenient applications of tensor networks. This new data structure provides a compact and canonical representation for quantum circuits. By exploiting circuit partition, the TDD of a quantum circuit can be computed efficiently. Furthermore, we show that the operations of tensor networks essential in their applications (e.g., addition and contraction) can also be implemented efficiently in TDDs. A proof-of-concept implementation of TDDs is presented and its efficiency is evaluated on a set of benchmark quantum circuits. It is expected that TDDs will play an important role in various design automation tasks related to quantum circuits, including but not limited to equivalence checking, error detection, synthesis, simulation, and verification.
Measuring cardiomyocyte cell-cycle activity and proliferation in the age of heart regeneration
Authors: Auchampach John , Han Lu , Huang Guo N. , Kühn Bernhard , Lough John W. , O’Meara Caitlin C. , Payumo Alexander Y. , Rosenthal Nadia A. , Sucov Henry M. , Yutzey Katherine E. , Patterson Michaela
Published: February 2022

During the past two decades, the field of mammalian myocardial regeneration has grown dramatically, and with this expanded interest comes increasing claims of experimental manipulations that mediate bona fide proliferation of cardiomyocytes. Too often, however, insufficient evidence or improper controls are provided to support claims that cardiomyocytes have definitively proliferated, a process that should be strictly defined as the generation of two de novo functional cardiomyocytes from one original cardiomyocyte. Throughout the literature, one finds inconsistent levels of experimental rigor applied, and frequently the specific data supplied as evidence of cardiomyocyte proliferation simply indicate cell-cycle activation or DNA synthesis, which do not necessarily lead to the generation of new cardiomyocytes. In this review, we highlight potential problems and limitations faced when characterizing cardiomyocyte proliferation in the mammalian heart, and summarize tools and experimental standards, which should be used to support claims of proliferation-based remuscularization. In the end, definitive establishment of de novo cardiomyogenesis can be difficult to prove; therefore, rigorous experimental strategies should be used for such claims.
State of the field: cellular and exosomal therapeutic approaches in vascular regeneration
Authors: Tracy Evan Paul , Stielberg Virginia , Rowe Gabrielle , Benson Daniel , Nunes Sara S. , Hoying James B. , Murfee Walter Lee , LeBlanc Amanda Jo
Published: February 2022

Pathologies of the vasculature including the microvasculature are often complex in nature, leading to loss of physiological homeostatic regulation of patency and adequate perfusion to match tissue metabolic demands. Microvascular dysfunction is a key underlying element in the majority of pathologies of failing organs and tissues. Contributing pathological factors to this dysfunction include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress, endothelial dysfunction, loss of angiogenic potential and vascular density, and greater senescence and apoptosis. In many clinical settings, current pharmacologic strategies use a single or narrow targeted approach to address symptoms of pathology rather than a comprehensive and multifaceted approach to address their root cause. To address this, efforts have been heavily focused on cellular therapies and cell-free therapies (e.g., exosomes) that can tackle the multifaceted etiology of vascular and microvascular dysfunction. In this review, we discuss 1) the state of the field in terms of common therapeutic cell population isolation techniques, their unique characteristics, and their advantages and disadvantages, 2) common molecular mechanisms of cell therapies to restore vascularization and/or vascular function, 3) arguments for and against allogeneic versus autologous applications of cell therapies, 4) emerging strategies to optimize and enhance cell therapies through priming and preconditioning, and, finally, 5) emerging strategies to bolster therapeutic effect. Relevant and recent clinical and animal studies using cellular therapies to restore vascular function or pathologic tissue health by way of improved vascularization are highlighted throughout these sections.
Mitigation of Flow-Induced Vibration of Steel Catenary Risers with Pounding Tuned Mass Damper
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Haisu , Liu Jiashu , Liu Hailong , Cui Chunyi
Published: February 2022

Steel catenary risers (SCR) have been widely used in the offshore oil industry. This paper proposes using a novel vibration control device, i.e., the pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD), to mitigate the flow-induced vibration of an SCR. The numerical model of the SCR and the PTMD has been established in ANSYS. The soil-pipe interaction is simulated by nonlinear springs based on p-y curves. A single degree of freedom structure is utilized to verify the PTMD model established in ANSYS using APDL. Afterwards, numerical studies are carried out to validate the vibration control performance of the proposed PTMD and to investigate the influence of mass ratio and the location of the PTMD. The numerical results imply that the PTMD is very effective in reducing the displacement of the SCR under different oceanic conditions. The vibration control effectiveness will increase with the increase in mass ratio. The maximum vibration reduction is achieved when the PTMD is located at the place where the largest amount of motion takes place.
Risk Factors for Poor Prognosis of Spinal Cord Injury without Radiographic Abnormality Associated with Cervical Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Cao Bing , Li Fengning , Tang Yifan , Jia Lianshun , Chen Xiongsheng
Published: February 2022

Purpose. To investigate the factors associated with the prognosis of spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) accompanied by cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (C‐OPLL). Methods. We retrospectively investigated 287 patients with SCIWORA associated with C‐OPLL, who were admitted within 30 days after trauma to our facility between August 2014 and August 2018. All patients were divided into the good or poor prognosis group. Patient demographics were analyzed. Besides, occupying ratio on CT and spinal cord high signal changes in MRI T2WI were measured and recorded. Multivariate linear regression was applied to analyze the correlation of prognosis with spinal cord high signal changes in MRI T2WI, cause of injury, and occupying ratio. Results. Occupying ratio of ossification mass was 43.5 ± 10.7% in the poor prognosis group and 27.3 ± 7.7% in the good prognosis group. The occurrence rate of high signal changes in MRI T2WI was 84.2% in the poor prognosis group and 41.3% in the good prognosis group. Poor prognosis was correlated with high occupying ratio and spinal cord high signal changes in MRI T2WI. In the patient with SCIWORA associated with C‐OPLL, ROC curve of occupying ratio showed 30% as a predictor for the poor prognosis. Among the 92 patients with occupying ratio ≤ 30%, poor prognosis was observed in 5 cases (5.4%), whereas in the 72 cases with occupying ratio > 30%, poor prognosis was seen in 33 cases (45.8%). Postoperative AIS grade at final follow‐up in occupying ratio > 30% group was significantly worse. Conclusions. Patients suffering from SCIWORA with C‐OPLL have poor prognosis when they have higher occupying ratio of ossification mass and spinal cord high signal changes in MRI T2WI. The cut‐off value of occupying ratio for predicting the poor prognosis was 30% in patients with SCIWORA associated with C‐OPLL.
Arterial Pulsatility Augments Microcirculatory Perfusion and Maintains the Endothelial Integrity during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation via hsa_circ_0007367 Upregulation in a Canine Model with Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Li Guanhua , Zhu Shenyu , Zeng Jianfeng , Yu Zhexuan , Meng Fanji , Tang Zhixian , Zhu Ping
Published: February 2022

Background. The impairment of microcirculation is associated with the unfavorable outcome for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients. Studies revealed that pulsatile modification improves hemodynamics and attenuates inflammation during ECMO support. However, whether flow pattern impacts microcirculation and endothelial integrity is rarely documented. The objective of this work was to explore how pulsatility affects microcirculation during ECMO. Methods. Canine animal models with cardiac arrest were supported by ECMO, with the i-Cor system used to generate nonpulsatile or pulsatile flow. The sublingual microcirculation parameters were examined using the CytoCam microscope system. The expression of hsa_circ_0007367, a circular RNA, was measured during ECMO support. In vitro validation was performed in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) exposed to pulsatile or nonpulsatile flow, and the expressions of hsa_circ_0007367, endothelial tight junction markers, endothelial adhesive molecules, endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS), and NF-κB signaling activity were analyzed. Results. The pulsatile modification of ECMO enhanced microcirculatory perfusion, attenuated pulmonary inflammation, and stabilized endothelial integrity in animal models; meanwhile, the expression of hsa_circ_0007367 was significantly upregulated both in animals and PMVECs exposed to pulsatile flow. In particular, upregulation of hsa_circ_0007367 stabilized the expressions of endothelial tight junction markers zonula occludens- (ZO-) 1 and occludin, followed by modulating the endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) activity and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion. The modification of pulsatility contributes to microcirculatory perfusion and endothelial integrity during ECMO. The expression of hsa_circ_0007367 plays a pivotal role in this protective mechanism.
On Square Sum Labeling of Two Families of Petersen Graphs
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Naeem Muhammad , Tariq Abeera , Zhao Weidong
Published: February 2022

A labeling on a graph G with n vertices and m edges is called square sum if there exists a bijection f : V(G)⟶{0,1,2,3, …, n − 1} such that the function f∗ : E(G)⟶N defined by f∗(st) = (f(s))2 + (f(t))2, for all st ∈ E(G), is injective. A graph G having a square sum labeling is called square sum. In this study, we have investigated the square sum labeling of generalized Petersen graph and double generalized Petersen graph.
Investigation on Wear Characteristics of AZ91D/Nanoalumina Composites
Authors: Bharathi M. L. , Rag S. Adarsh , Chitra L. , Ashick R. Mohammed , Tripathi Vikas , Kumar Srinivasan Suresh , Al Obaid Sami , Alfarraj Saleh , Murugesan Mohanraj , Raghavan Ishwarya Komalnu
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the wear and friction with the 2 W% Al2O3 nanocomposite content of pure Mg and AZ91D Mg alloys. Sliding speeds of 0.5 and 1.5 m/s in cast materials with normal stress conditions have been used in sliding distances up to 2000 m/s (0.5, 1.0, and 1 MPa). In order to evaluate the work hardness of the materials measured on temperature similar to the contact surface, we used hardness patterns and hot‐compression flow curves. Mg and AZ91D magnesium alloy pure monolithic Mg are low wear resistant due to an increase in contact temperature due to the adjustment of working conditions, but the wear rate was significantly lower in composite materials, mainly because of nanoparticle strength improvements. Although wear generally contributes to grain refining, increased wear capacity, and greater durability, wear resilience due to dislocation resistance and nanoparticles is seen as the primary wear mechanism in the existing nanocomposites.
Effects of Replacing Fishmeal by Raw or Lactobacillus acidophilus-Fermented Soybean Meal on Growth, Intestinal Digestive and Immune-Related Enzyme Activities, Morphology, and Microbiota in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)
Authors: Li Chaoqun , Tian Yuan , Wang Lei , Zhang Beili , Ma Qinyuan
Published: February 2022

This study was performed to investigate the fermentation efficiency of Lactobacillus acidophilus and compare the effects of dietary soybean meal (SM) or L. acidophilus-fermented SM (LASM) on turbot. Two hundred and seventy juvenile turbots (

13.50
±
0.13
 
g

) were randomly divided into three treatments fed with a fishmeal-based diet (CNT) and two experimental diets with 45% fishmeal protein replaced by SM or LASM for 8 weeks. The results showed that fermentation significantly improved the essential amino acid profile, increased the lactic acid content, and reduced the antinutritional factor level in SM. Inferior growth of fish was observed in the SM group after the feeding trial, while the LASM group exhibited comparable performance to the CNT group. Activities of intestinal digestive enzymes (trypsin and diastase) and immune-related enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and lysozyme) decreased significantly in the SM group, while no significant reduction was found in the LASM group compared to the CNT group. Dietary LASM alleviated SM-induced intestinal pathological disruption with higher villus and normal lamina propria width. Dietary LASM positively regulated the intestinal microbiota, making the overall profile more coherent with that in the CNT group. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the altered intestinal microbiota was closely linked to the digestive enzyme activities. Collectively, this study indicated that L. acidophilus fermentation significantly improved the nutritional quality of SM and relieved SM-induced adverse effects on turbot, in terms of growth, intestinal digestive and immune-related enzyme activities, morphology, and microbiota.
A Capillary Model for Predicting Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Ion-Adsorption Rare Earth Ore Based on Improved Kozeny–Carman Equation
Authors: Shi Liang , Rao Yun-zhang , Wang Dan , Zhang Mei-dao , Huang Tao
Published: February 2022

During the in-situ leaching process of ion-adsorption rare earth ore, the seepage velocity of the leaching solution is one of the core problems in studying the leaching efficiency. The determination of the saturated hydraulic conductivity is of great significance to reveal the leaching process. The classical Kozeny–Carman (KC) equation is widely employed to predict the hydraulic conductivity of sandy soils. However, in the equation, the effect of tortuosity on the hydraulic conductivity is not considered, and the specific surface area is difficult to determine in practice. In this study, the capillary model for predicting the saturated hydraulic conductivity of ion-adsorption rare earth ore was established. First, we assumed that all the pores in the ore body are a series of parallel and tortuous capillaries with equal diameters. Based on the assumption and Hagen–Poiseuille’s law, the KC equation was improved by introducing the tortuosity. Second, the constant head permeability tests were carried out to derive the seepage velocity and hydraulic head loss under the steady seepage state. According to the experimental results, the diameter of the capillary was calculated with Darcy's formula. Then we obtained a linear-fit relationship between capillary diameter and porosity to express the specific surface area variation with porosity. Third, by validating with experimental data, when the pore shape coefficient is 0.4, the saturated hydraulic conductivity calculated by the capillary model is in good agreement with the tested value. The proposed model can be considered to have a satisfactory capability to predict the saturated hydraulic conductivity of ion-adsorption rare earth ore.
Endothelial MicroRNA-483-3p Is Hypertension-Protective
Authors: Shang Fenqing , Guo Xuan , Chen Yueer , Wang Chen , Gao Jie , Wen Ergang , Lai Baochang , Bai Liang
Published: February 2022

Hypertension is a high-risk factor for developing coronary heart disease and stroke. Endothelial dysfunction and arterial remodeling can lead to increased vascular wall thickness and arterial stiffness. Previous studies showed that microRNA-483 (miR-483) enhances endothelial cell (EC) function. Here, we investigated the protective role of miR-483 in hypertension. Data collected from two patient cohorts showed that the serum miR-483-3p level was associated with the progression of hypertension and positively correlated with vascular function. In cultured ECs, miR-483 targets a number of endothelial dysfunction-related genes, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Overexpression of miR-483-3p in ECs inhibited Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction, revealed by the decreased expression of TGF-β, CTGF, ACE1, and ET-1. Furthermore, miR-483-3p secreted from ECs was taken up by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) via the exosome pathway, which also decreased these genes in SMCs. Additionally, telmisartan could increase the aortic and serum levels of miR-483-3p in hypertension patients and spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). These findings suggest that miR-483-3p exerts a protective effect on EC function during the onset of hypertension and thus may be considered a potential therapeutic target for hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases.
Revealing the Influence Mechanism of Urban Built Environment on Online Car‐Hailing Travel considering Orientation Entropy of Street Network
Authors: Wang Sai , Wang Jianjun , Li Weijia , Fan Jialin , Liu Mingyu
Published: February 2022

Exploring the impact of the urban built environment on online car‐hailing, an increasingly popular mode of urban transportation, is crucial for developing corresponding transportation strategies and addressing sustainable urban planning. This paper captures that the form and orientation of the neighborhood network have a certain degree of influence on travel behavior. Therefore, the road network orientation entropy indicator is introduced based on the originally built environment elements, and the orientation‐order (OO) indicator calculation model is constructed to normalize it. This study further tests and verifies its impact on the travel behavior of online car‐hailing, thereby improving the factor characterization of neighborhood design latitude in the urban built environment. From the perspective of spatial correlation and spatial heterogeneity, the optimal models are selected by model comparative analysis, namely, the spatial Durbin model (SDM) and the mixed geographically weighted regression model (MGWR). Based on the optimal model estimation results, the influence mechanism of the urban built environment on the spatial‐temporal distribution of online car‐hailing travel in three cases (considering road network density (RD), considering RD and OO, considering OO) is compared and analyzed. The results show that the model fitting considering the OO is the best in the above three cases, and the OO has a significant impact on DiDi travel compared with the RD in this study, which verifies the rationality and necessity of selecting the OO in this study. In addition, catering service, corporate business, and OO have significant positive spillover effects, while the spillover effects of sports and leisure service and land‐use mix are negative. The indicators of the bus station, residential district, catering service, shopping service, corporate business, land‐use mix, life service, and OO have significant spatial heterogeneity.
Design of Optimal Scheduling Model for Emergency Medical Supplies by Blockchain Technology
Authors: Zhao Yan
Published: February 2022

The study aims to explore the scheduling plan for the emergency of blockchain technology in the medical industry. Network security architecture for medical supplies management based on the Hyperledger Fabric optimized consensus mechanism is established by studying the characteristics of blockchain technology and its data structure composition. The supply chain model for medical device scheduling based on intelligent contracts is selected for the particularity of the nature and shape of medical devices in medical supplies. Ant colony algorithm is used to solve it. Case analysis and verification results show that the improved Hyperledger Fabric consensus mechanism has better security performance. Under the condition of 10,000 transactions, the probability of an attacker with the optimized consensus mechanism successfully controlling the transaction is only 7.2%. The optimized solution is about 50% higher than the original solution in terms of transaction processing speed. Over 1000 transactions, the transaction latency optimization rate is more than doubled. The total order completion time of the medical device scheduling model adopted by the intelligent contract is 26.3% higher than the historical service time of 19 days. The performance of the medical emergency material scheduling program that is added to the supply chain technology is better.
A Power Efficiency Wireless Communication Networks by Early Detection of Wrong Decision Probability in Handover Traffic
Authors: Shweta Patil , Bojaraj Leena , Biradar Pallavi , Bakhar Mohammed , Yeshitla Alazar
Published: February 2022

This paper highlights the energy consumption due to handovers in wireless communication system. Ever-increasing demand for higher data rate for users of cellular networks and the energy consumption that results from the effective satisfaction of these demands leads to greater consumption of energy from such energy sources that depend on burning of greenhouse gas emitting fossil fuels for energy production. An evolved Node B or e-NB inside, as in equipment handling the radio frequencies, can be divided into two large categories (1) BaseBand Unit (2) Remote Radio Head or RRH. For the purpose of our current work, we will focus on mainly the Remote Radio Head part. A simple picturization of the evolved Node B and the User Equipment (UE) that are included in the power model has been discussed. The proposed framework for mobility management/security gateway protocol including wrong decision probability of handover evaluation following measurements’ procedure has been designed successfully. We have compared to other UL/UE power consumption. The lowest ISD has the largest power usage in resultant output.
Role of Apolipoprotein A1 in PPAR Signaling Pathway for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Chen Changxi , Li Hongliang , Song Jian , Zhang Cheng , Li Mengting , Mao Yushan , Liu Aiming , Du Juan
Published: February 2022

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been suggested to play crucial roles in the pathology of NAFLD with a vague understanding of the underlying mechanism. Here, we integrated large-scale literature data and clinical data to explore the potential role of the PPAR-APOA1 signaling pathway in the pathology of NAFLD. First, the signaling pathway connecting PPARs, APOA1, and NAFLD was constructed. Then, we employed clinical data to explore the association between APOA1 levels and NAFLD. In addition, we built the APOA1-driven pathway analysis to explore the potential mechanism of the APOA1-NAFLD association. Pathway analysis showed that APOA1 serves as a hubprotein connecting PPARs and NAFLD through a beneficial modulation of 16 out of 21 NAFLD upstream regulators. Each relationship within the composed pathway was supported by results from multiple previous studies. Clinical data analysis showed that an increase of APOA1 level was associated with a significantly decreased NAFLD prevalence (

χ

2

=
292.109

;

P
<
0.001

). When other confounding factors were adjusted, serum APOA1 level was shown as an independent risk factor for the prevalence of NAFLD (

P

value<.0001;

OR
=
0.562

). Our results suggested that the three PPARs (PPARA, PPARD, and PPARG) might promote the expression and molecular transportation of APOA1 to form a PPAR-APOA1 signaling pathway that demonstrated a beneficial role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
Estimation Markov Decision Process of Multimodal Trip Chain between Integrated Transportation Hubs in Urban Agglomeration Based on Generalized Cost
Authors: Yue Min , Ma Shu-Hong , Zhou Wei , Chen Xi-Fang
Published: February 2022

An efficient multimodal transportation network is crucial to the development of urban agglomeration. Rapid transfer of travelers between integrated transportation hubs is essential for long-distance multimodal trip chains. The Markov Decision Process framework was estimated to explore the optimal transfer trip chain of different income groups, given that the states are considered nodes between hubs, the reward functions are calculated by using the generalized travel cost between states after travelers make action decision, and the actions between states contain bus, subway, taxi, and walk. The optimal trip chain can be obtained through a value iteration algorithm. In the case study, multimodal transfer trip chains of different types between Beijing Capital International Airport and Beijingxi Station in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration were constructed by MDP to compare the optimal trip chains of various groups. The findings of this study are as follows: (1) long-distance travelers always prefer to choose the unimodal fewer transfers trip chain between hubs; (2) long-distance travelers are more likely to choose the trip chain with more transfers more than long waiting time; (3) individual income difference affects the generalized cost of trip chains and also influences the optimal choice of trip chain through the MDP framework. One potential application of this study is to complement the research on the transfer behavior of multimodal trip chains in long-distance travel, which can be used to help management alleviate the excessive pressure of passenger flow between integrated hubs due to the sudden colossal travel flow during severe weather days or holidays.