bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PECULIARITIES OF PERSONNEL WORK ON COMPLETING COMMAND POSITIONS OF THE RED ARMY AIR FORCE IN 1944–1945
Authors:   Military Academy of the RF AF General Staff, TARASOV S.A.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of staffing the command positions of the Red Army Air Force in the third period of the Great Patriotic War and the role of personnel bodies in their resolution. It is noted that the activities of the military tribunals in this period are characterized by a high percentage of convictions of the command staff of the Red Army and references are made to documents confirming the existence of facts of unjustified prosecution of command personnel. During this period, the main principles for selecting officers for further career advancement were the level of their professional skills and political reliability.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL DEVELOPMENT OF HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTYʼS GUARD (1881–1894)
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, GREBENKIN A.N.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is revealed through a meaningful analysis of the development of the unified security service of Alexander III – His Imperial Majesty Guard. The author characterizes the prerequisites and reasons for a centralized security service creation focusing on the increasing role of the terrorist threat factor. A brief outline of the preparatory work carried out by the by the Ministry of the Imperial Court is given, and the project developed by P.A. Cherevin and E. N. Shirinkin is described, the essential features of the new scheme of the Imperial Guard, based on the principles of unity of command and division of the security service into post and agent service, were revealed. The author reviews the documents adopted in August 1881 that established the powers of the Chief of the Guard, the composition of the Guard and the staff of its individual parts. The article traces the evolution of the organizational and legal basis for the activities of the Imperial Guard Divisions in 1881-1894. The author comes to the conclusion that the changes made were determined by the aspiration to optimize the management system of the Imperial Guard and improve service and financial position of the personnel. In conclusion, it is determined that the security scheme adopted in 1881 and its subsequent adjustments made it possible to create an effective system for ensuring the safety of Alexander III and his family members, which is confirmed by the absence of attempts on the highest persons’ lives.
KOMSOMOL AS THE CONDUCTOR OF THE STATE YOUTH POLICY OF THE SOVIET STATE
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, ELISEEV A.L. , LEONOVA O.V. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of Komsomol in the political system of the USSR. The authors note that Komsomol was directly a state body in relation to youth, acted as the official guide of party and economic directives to the youth environment, developed and implemented in practice the state youth policy in relation to Soviet youth. The main functions of the communist youth union in the Soviet society are also highlighted, the representation of Komsomol in the authorities of the Soviet state is reviewed, the role of Komsomol in the adoption of the law on youth is revealed.
THE ROLE OF PARTY AND KOMSOMOL ACTIVISTS IN THE LOCAL STATE SECURITY AGENCIES MANAGEMENT IN 1920-1930. (ON THE EXAMPLE OF OREL AND OMSK)
Authors:   Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin, GULARYAN A.B.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to use archival material collected in the archives of Orel, Voronezh, Omsk and Novosibirsk to reveal the role of party and Komsomol activists in the leadership of the OGPU bodies in the regions of Orel and Omsk. The comparative analysis showed that similar processes took place in the regions. The OGPU bodies were locally controlled by the party apparatus, but, in turn, they monitored the behavior of ordinary communists and Komsomol members, and in some cases during the period of party purges, the leading employees as well. In some cases, there was ‘linkage’ between the Chekist and the Party-Chekist leadership, which allowed to weaken the control of party bodies. In addition, from the mid-1920s the process of removing the OGPU from the local party bodies control was launched, which remained only for the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. This, according to the author of the article, contributed to the «great purge» of 1937.
COMMUNIST PARTIES OF WESTERN EUROPE: PHASES OF HISTORICAL RISE AND DECLINE THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE DYNAMICS OF ELECTORAL PREFERENCES
Authors:   Moscow State Regional University, BAGDASARYAN V.E. ,   Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of a study of the history of the communist parties of Western European states in the context of assessing the degree of their social influence. The aim of the work was to identify the phases of the rise and fall of the communist parties in Western Europe. The research methodology consisted in correlating the history of the communist parties with the results of elections to national parliaments. The factors that led to the growth or loss of the popularity of the communist movement among Western Europeans were identified. Special attention was paid to ideological splits within the Communist Parties and their attitude to the CPSU line. The conclusion is made about the achievement of the apogee of the popularity of the Communist parties in the first post-war years on the wave of the Victory in the Second World War, associated with the special role of the USSR. The subsequent decline of the communists in Western Europe is explained by the loss of the attractiveness of the Soviet project, by the erosion of the original values. At the present historical stage, a new rise in the popularity of the left forces is recorded, which is associated with a modern systemic crisis and a search for alternatives to capitalism.
INTERACTION OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND FOREIGN RUSSIAN CHURCH EMIGRATION WITH THE ECUMENICAL MOVEMENT IN 1940–60-s.
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, LIVTSOV V.A.
Published: November 2020

The aim of the article is to consider the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and the breakaway Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and the Western European Exarchate of Constantinople Patriarchate for parishes of the Russian tradition with the World Council of Churches. These relations are analyzed from the point of view of the participants' political interests and interference of party and state power in the USSR into these processes.
HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL EXPERTISE AND THE SOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN WOODEN SCULPTURE "NIKOLA MTSENSKY" ORIGINATION
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, KOMOVA M.A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to present the history and the analysis of the Russian wooden sculpture “Nikola Мtsenskiy” results of the examination from Peter and Paul Cathedral in Mtsensk. For the first time, the author conducted a historical and cultural examination of this object for religious purposes. The article defines the historical and cultural context of this object existence, its veneration as a relic, the problem of comparing the “The Legend of the appearance of the miraculous icon of St. Nicholas Wonderworker in the city of Mtsensk” and the preserved sculpture. The author also examines the historical and artistic sources of origin of similar items in the culture of the medieval Moscow state. The author dates the preserved fragment of the sculpture from Mtsensk Peter and Paul Cathedral to the late 1600s.
Effects of Fly Ash Geopolymer Leachate Alkalinity on Lethality of Freshwater Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus
Authors: Zain Hariz , Shuaib Norshah Aizat , Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd Mustafa , Ahmad Faris Meor
Published: November 2020

The application of geopolymer materials from industrial waste as binder to cast concrete contributes to a reduction of CO2 than OPC but still contribute to other environmental adverse effect such as freshwater toxicity. The leaching of alkali from geopolymer building materials increases the alkalinity or pH values of affected water body and can cause damage the biotic ecosystem and aquatic organisms. Therefore, the increasing level of alkalinity which is pH values from the leaching of geopolymer materials and OPC caused the lethality of Anabas testudineus (climbing perch) were determined. A 50mm x 50mm x 50mm dimensional fly ash geopolymer paste with 12M NaOH solution (Na2SiO3 : NaOH = 2.5:1) and a 50mm x 50mm x 50mm dimensional OPC with the ratio of (Solid : Liquid = 3 : 1) were immersed accordingly into each cylindrical containers that contained an Anabas testudineus (climbing perch) in 500ml paddy swamp water. The fishes were observed and the pH readings were calculated. The test was ended until the fish dead. Finally, the mortality limit pH value of Anabas testudineus for fly ash geopolymer paste is at pH 11.0, while OPC is at pH 11.5. The peak of alkali leaching of fly ash geoplymer paste is between 0.5 – 1.0 hours while for OPC is between 0.25 – 0.5 hours. As the conclusion, OPC gives severe adverse effects to the mortality of Anabas testudineus than fly ash geopolymer paste due to the leaching of OH- and other alkali anions. Anabas testudineus can live 10 hours in fly ash leaching media but only can live 1 hour in OPC leaching media.
Estimating Just Suspension Speed for Stirred Reactors Using Power Measurement
Authors: Raja Ehsan Shah Raja Shazrin Shah , Sajjadi Baharak , Abdul Raman Abdul Aziz , See Tiam You , Ibrahim Shaliza , Mok YuanJi
Published: November 2020

A simplified mathematical model was developed to predict the just suspended speed, NJS in a solid-liquid system by analyzing the net impeller power consumption to suspend solid particles. A fully baffled tank with an internal diameter of 400mm equipped with a standard Rushton turbine with a diameter of D=T/3 (133mm) was used in this work. Glass beads were used as the solid phase and distilled water was used as the liquid phase. Solid loadings were varied within the range of 0-27 wt%. Power consumption was measured using the shaft torque method. The predicted NJS values were in a good approximation to the experimental values using the Zwietering’s criterion with a deviation of 2 – 10%. The deviation was lower for higher solid concentrations.
Effect of Drum Pressure on Flow Accelerated Corrosion in Gas Fired Combined Cycle Power Plant: A Case Study and Literature Review
Authors: Kumar Ujjal , Khatun Chamely , Islam Md Sakinul , Kao Nhol , Rabbi Fazle , Maniruzzaman M. , Gafur M. A.
Published: November 2020

The dissolution of ferrous ions from the protective oxide layer and/or base metal by corrosion with the assistance of turbulent flow is called flow accelerated corrosion (FAC). Flow accelerated corrosion is the most common and continuous corrosion reaction in combined cycle power plants (CCPP). Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) drum pressure fluctuation and/or turbulent drum water greatly influences the FAC of drum and economizer. This kind of FAC was investigated in the low-pressure drum (LPD) and low-pressure economizer (LPE) of a 210 MW gas-fired combined cycle power plant (Four-unit HRSG & GT) with an air-cooled condenser (ACC). Severe FAC was observed due to the fluctuation of pressure in the LPD with respect to time. As a result, huge amounts of soluble iron (Fe2+) and insoluble (Fe3+) was found in all running HRSG’s LPD water. Due to pressure fluctuations in the LPD, a protective oxide layer (mostly magnetite), as well as the base metal, were corroded from the LPD and LPE even after carefully maintaining recently developed water cycle chemistry in this CCPP. Severe leakage was found in the LPE due to corrosion. The actual reason for the problem was found to be a malfunctioning steam-control valve in the turbine unit’s LP system. This valve was malfunctioning by suddenly opening to 100% and then closing to around 10% continuously. This malfunction creates enormous pressure drops in both the LPD and LPE units. It is understood that water turbulence is the main cause of FAC affecting the LDP and LPE. This assessment is based on chemical laboratory analysis and physical inspection. There was no non-destructive testing (NDT) performed in this study. The severe FAC happened in four days and for this reason, HRSG and steam turbines were shut down. Maintenance work on the control valve and flushing of the LPD and LPE successfully resolved the FAC problem. One week later, LPE leakage was found on the unit-3 HRSG and as reported in this study this was also found to be the result of FAC. From this case study, it is concluded that not only water quality but also water turbulence can create severe FAC problem.
Physico-mechanical properties of bio-composites fabricated from polylactic acid and rice husk treated with alkali and ionic liquid
Authors: Islam Md. Sakinul , Ahmed-Haras Mohamed Rashid , Kao Nhol , Gupta Rahul , Bhattacharya Sati , Islam Md. Nazrul
Published: November 2020

In the present work, chemically treated rice husk (TRH) and untreated rice husk (UTRH) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) bio-composites were produced using Haake rheomixer and compression moulding processes. Alkali (NaOH) and ionic liquid (IL: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) treated rice husk samples are TRHN4 and TRHILN4 respectively. Using UTRH, TRHN4 and TRHILN4 the fabricated bio-composites are UTRH-PLA, TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA respectively. The tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), impact strength (IS) and hardness values of TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA were found to be much higher than the corresponding values of the UTRH-PLA bio-composites.  The tensile fracture surface morphological features of TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA composites, observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed less micro voids and fibre agglomerates, which indicates that better filler-matrix interfacial adhesion occurred in the case of chemical treated RH compared to UTRH when blended with PLA. However, composites TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA showed lower water uptake capacity compared to UTRH-PLA.  From the FTIR spectra of UTRH, TRHN4 and TRHILN4 together with water absorption behaviour of the composite specimens, it appeared that chemical modifications significantly reduced the hydrophilic nature of RH, resulting in improved fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion. The overall physico-mechanical properties of fabricated bio-composites were found to follow this order: TRHILN4-PLA>TRHN4-PLA>UTRH-PLA.
An Overview of Recent Developments in Hetero-Catalytic Conversion of Cellulosic Biomass
Authors: Ahmed-Haras Mohamed Rashid , Kao Nhol , Islam Md. Sakinul , Ward Liam
Published: November 2020

In recent years, research activities involved in the production of nanocellulosic materials have grown substantially, rapidly stimulating the development of innovative production techniques. These materials are chemically extracted by acid-catalyzed Hydrolysis of the renewable and widely available cellulosic biomass. In this regard, sulfuric acid-catalyzed Hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass is a commonly known method for the production of nanostructured cellulose. However, this method may result in many disadvantages, including short catalyst-lifetime, corrosive to the reactor materials and managing the spent sulfuric acid resulted from the production process. This dictates the implementation of an eco-industrial alternative for the catalytic production of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A viable and practical alternative is the application of heterogeneous (solid acids) catalysts, which can be more conducive in providing favorable platforms for efficient cellulose hydrolysis. This review highlights the current production methods of nanocrystalline cellulose. Further, recent literature on the heterogeneous-catalytic conversion of cellulosic biomass is briefly discussed. The limitations and disadvantages of these techniques are also described.
Potential Recovery of a Textile Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge Into Clay Bricks
Authors: Jewaratnam Jegalakshimi , Abdul Samat Nurul Fatin Nabilah
Published: November 2020

As the country started to become an export oriented country since the early 1970s, the growth of Malaysia’s textile industry has increased greatly. In 2011 alone, the country has provided a total of RM10.8 billion of exports of textile products and RM 6.6 billion of imports. This valuable improvement has lead to several environmental impacts involving land and water pollution. The current trend in waste management is to examine the feasibility of using textile sludge generated in wastewater treatment plants of textile industry as a partial replacement for clay as building materials. The chemical and physical properties of clay and textile have been analyzed. The effects of sludge proportion (0%-10%), and firing temperature (950oC and 1180oC) on the quality of the clay bricks were examined. The tests were conducted as per British Standard (BS) codes to investigate the potential of the textile sludge to be incorporate into clay for use as engineering blocks and load bearing bricks. According to the results, sludge addition and firing temperature are the important factors to determine the quality of clay bricks. All clay samples satisfied the requirement of British Standard norms in term of compressive strength and water absorption. It is seen that all bulk density of clay samples did not comply with good quality of clay brick but they can be categorized as lightweight building materials. Textile sludge was also tested for substitution into cement bricks. Cement samples with 10% textile sludge substitution comply with the requirement of British Standard norm for load bearing class 3. In summary, this study provides a preliminary research output that will contribute to expand a new area of research in recycling of textile sludge.
Influence of Brand Awareness and Perceive Quality on Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Association in Traditional Medicine Market in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Oppong Peter Kwasi , Tawiah Yeboah Solomon , Gyawu Adeliade
Published: November 2020

Enhancing brand quality, association and awareness can generate greater loyalty which may lead to a sustainable edge in a competitive market. And yet, there is a relative paucity of studies on the influence of awareness and quality on loyalty via the mediating impact of association, particularly in the traditional health market. Hence, this study sought to investigate the influence of awareness and quality on loyalty via the intervening role of the association in the traditional health market. Based on Aaker`s customer-based brand equity framework, eight hypotheses were stated and examined through structural equation modelling. Data were gathered from a sample of 348 customers through systematic sampling. The research found that association perfectly mediates the path between awareness and loyalty, but plays a partial role in the path between perceived quality and loyalty. The study, therefore, contributes to advancing the limited branding literature in the traditional medicine industry. First, the study establishes the starring role of awareness, association, and quality as antecedents of loyalty in the context of brand management in the traditional medicine industry. Not only this but also the research confirms that association acts as a mediator in the relationships among awareness, association, quality and loyalty in the context of brand management in the traditional medicine industry.
The Effect of Local Expenditure, Local Wealth Level, Audit Opinion, and Audit Findings on the Performance of Indonesian Local Governments
Authors: Amalina Luna Nur , Sumardjo Mahendro
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of local expenditure, local wealth level, audit opinion, and audit findings on the performance of local governments. This study uses the quantitative method, the hypothesis testing with multiple linear regression analysis was used, using SPSS version 23. The population is the local governments of Districts/Cities in Indonesia. The sample is 489 data samples were collected. Results obtained from testing showed that local expenditure, local wealth level, and audit opinion significantly affect the performance of local governments. Meanwhile, audit findings do not have a significant effect towards the Performance of Local Governments. Future studies are expected to be able to add more variables that have not been used in this study, such as government size, local standing, and intergovernmental standing.
Determinants of Audit Quality in Indonesia Supreme Audit Institution: A Conceptual Study
Authors: Aswar Khoirul , Akbar Fahmi Givari , Lastiningsih Noegrahini
Published: November 2020

This research is based on the problem of poor audit practices by the Big Four audit firms and the mid-tier audit firms in UK in 2018/2019 cycle, which is indicated as audit failure. This resulted in sanctions and fines that increased significantly from the previous year. Problems related to audit quality are also experienced by government internal auditors in Indonesia. This is due to several factors such as the quality of government internal auditor resources that are still below the lowest service standards as a public institution, lack of available apparatus and low competency, and limited budget. The purposes of this study are to determine the extent of audit quality produced by government internal auditors at the Principal Inspectorate of Indonesia’s Supreme Audit Institution. Based on attribution theory, this study has several objectives, namely to determine the effect of competence, independence, and motivation on audit quality. Therefore, the contribution of this research can be the object of consideration and evaluation for Indonesia’s Supreme Audit Institution auditors regarding the audit process and audit results in the public or government sector, an information for Principal Inspectorate of Indonesia’s Supreme Audit Institution as an effort to maintain and improve the quality of government internal audits, and an information for the public in overseeing the audit quality of the management and responsibility of state finances.
Electronic Banking and Profitability in the Nigerian Banking Industry
Authors: Aduaka Uchenna , Awolusi Olawumi Dele
Published: November 2020

The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of electronic banking on profitability in the Nigeria banking industry. An inferential survey research design was adopted. Primary data were collected through questionnaires from both staff and customers of the surveyed bank. It was complemented with secondary data sourced from the company’s audited financial statements for the period 2010 to 2017. Data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics while testing of the hypotheses was done using multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that cards play a significant role more than other channels and immediately followed by ATM. Also, it was observed that E-Banking channels contributed to Bank's profitability, that E-banking services (EBS) had an influence on the retention and loyalty of bank's customers and that the quality of service, security, reliability and efficiency have a definite impact on the usage of the services of e-banking. It was recommended that the Nigerian banking industry should invest more in card products, followed by ATM amongst other electronic channels; as they generate more revenues for the bank. The study also recommended further development of other channels (Mobile, Corporate Payments, POS and internet banking) to further enhance their contribution to the bank's profitability. Nigerian banks should also create a business strategy that is customer-centric by being continuously innovative in identifying the needs of their customers and improving on their products offering while developing new ones, to retain and keep the loyalty of their existing customers while attracting new ones.
Customer-based brand equity creation for online grocery stores
Authors:   Vytautas Magnus University, Sontaite-Petkeviciene Migle
Published: November 2020

Given the growing worldwide tendencies of online shopping and increasing popularity of online grocery shopping, building customer-based brand equity for online grocery stores is gaining its popularity among business owners and marketers. Building good customer-based brand equity is considered to be one of the crucial goals for online businesses that leads to successful competition and good customer experience. The aim of this research is to determine customer-based brand equity dimensions for online grocery stores. To reach the aim, this paper adopts analysis and synthesis of scientific and practical literature in the field of customer-based brand equity and empirical research of three stages: field analysis, expert interviews and customer survey. 33 dimensions of customer-based brand equity for online grocery stores grouped in 8 dimension clusters were generated from the field analysis and expert interviews. Generated dimensions were provided for the evaluation during the customer survey. Empirical research proved 31 valid dimensions of customer-based brand equity for online grocery stores evaluated as very relevant, relevant and of average relevance. Main drivers of customer-based brand equity for online grocery stores that proved to be very relevant are: saving time, good price, fresh products, quality of service, and reputation of retail chain behind.
Surface modelling of a unique heritage object: use of UAV combined with camera and LiDAR for mound inspection
Authors:   Klaipeda State University of Applied Sciences, Jankauskiene Dainora , Kuklys Indrius ,   Klaipeda State University of Applied Sciences, Kukliene Lina ,   Klaipeda State University of Applied Sciences, Ruzgiene Birute
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle flying at a low altitude in conjunction with photogrammetric and LiDAR technologies allows to collect images of very high-resolution to generate dense points cloud and to simulate geospatial data of territories. The technology used in experimental research contains reconstruction of topography of surface with historical structure, observing the recreational infrastructure, obtaining geographic information for users who are involved in preservation and inspection of such unique cultural/ heritage object as are mounds in Lithuania. In order to get reliable aerial mapping products of preserved unique heritage object, such photogrammetric/ GIS procedures were performed: UAV flight for taking images with the camera; scanning surface by LiDAR simultaneously; processing of image data, 3D modelling and generation of orthophoto. Evaluation of images processing results shows that the accuracy of surface modelling by the use of UAV photogrammetry method satisfied requirements – mean RMSE equal to 0.031 m. The scanning surface by LiDAR from low altitude is advisable, relief representation of experimental area was obtained with mean accuracy up to 0.050 m. Aerial mapping by the use of UAV requires to specify appropriate ground sample distance (GSD) that is important for reducing number of images and time duration for modelling of area. Experiment shows that specified GSD of 1.7 cm is not reasonable, GSD size increased by 1.5 time would be applicable. The use of different software in addition for DSM visualization and analysis is redundant action.
The change of natural landscape in Lithuania
Authors:   Vytautas Magnus University, Ivaviciute Giedre
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this article is to carry out an analysis of the natural landscape of the Republic of Lithuania in 2004–2019. During the preparation of the article, the following scientific methods were used: literature analysis, determination and evaluation of the current situation, grouping method, comparison method, graphical method, analytical and statistical analysis methods, logical analysis. The article analyzes the change of the area of natural (natural, subnatural) landscape components (natural forests, wetlands, water bodies) during the period between the years 2004 and 2019. The analysis showed that the two components of the natural landscape of the Republic of Lithuania during 2004–2019 increased: the forest area (132,849.03 ha or 6.15%) and water bodies (3,668.49 ha or 1.38%). Unfortunately, the area of wetlands has decreased by 50,990.20 ha (35.05%). During the analyzed period, the natural landscape of Lithuania increased by 85527.97 ha or 3.39%. At present, it is particularly important to care for and restore valuable landscape complexes to fulfill their ecosystem functions. One of the most important challenges is to reconcile urbanization and nature conservation so as not to reduce significant areas of the country’s natural landscape.
A survey of statistics of building fires in Latvia
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Grants Edvins
Published: November 2020

A survey of 8985 records on all fires in Latvia in 2019 gathered by State Fire and Rescue Service was performed to find out if gathered data is suitable and complete for establishment of statistical database for fire protection engineering. The purpose of the survey is to assess suitability of provided content for further studies of the characteristic building fire occurrence probabilities in different building occupancy classes and to obtain solid background for calculations of national values of fire activation partial safety factors which could be implemented in national annex of Eurocode 1 part 1–2. Study contains data about the total number of building fires with relevance to their occupancy types and review of recorded fire causes for residential buildings that provide overall insight on typical causes of fires in dwellings.
Duration of load effects on development of deformations in bolted moment connection
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Fabriciuss Janis , Ozola Lilita ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: November 2020

Experience saved in the construction industry shows that the timber portal frames with semi-rigid connections at knee joint exhibit permanently increase displacements at the knee and apex point. Normally, timber portal frame with semi-rigid knee joint connection is made with mechanical fasteners located in double circles and cannot be designed without relevant rotation at connection during structures’ exploitation time. The only way to increase connection rigidity is to rise distance from fasteners location at connection, but at the same time, the tension and shear stress become significant at the external section of members. The previous experience is obtained by a model testing showing that deformations at semi-rigid connections are non-linear. These were tests under short-term load and did not disclose creep effects, which can be significant. This study is aimed at the examination of increasing deformations with time under constant static load (creep effects) in semi-rigid dowelled connection. Experimental test models were made and set under long-term load in controlled environmental conditions (heated laboratory room). Results show a significant creep influence to decrease connection stiffness. Corresponding numerical test of orthotropic 3d model by Dlubal RFEM software tools was performed analyzing the value of expected deformations. Results of the numerical test showed that friction between timber elements and extra nuts on bolts can increase connection stiffness. Research results in this stage show that the creep can affect connection stiffness more than expected. Also, experimental test results showed lower deformation values comparing with the ones obtained by the numerical test.
Perbedaan Kejenuhan Belajar Siswa Full Day School dan Non Full Day School
Authors: Wahyuli Rahmi , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejenuhan belajar siswa serta mengidentifikasi perbedaan kejenuhan belajar siswa  full day school dan non full day school. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantiataif deskriptif dan komparatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa SMP Negeri 7 Padang dan siswa SMP Negeri 22 Padang 1.021 siswa, sampel penelitian ini 250 siswa dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen Rahmi & Ifdil Kejenuhan Belajar inventori. Pengadministrasian instrumen secara online melalui google formulir kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dan teknik Independent Sampel Test melalui program statistik SPSS. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kejenuhan belajar siswa full day school pada umumnya berada pada kategori sedang, kejenuhan belajar siswa non full day school pada umumnya berada pada kategori rendah, dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kejenuhan belajar siswa full day school dan non full day school. Perlu upaya konselor untuk mengatasi kejenuhan belajar siswa agar adanya motivasi dan semangat siswa dalam belajar serta memperoleh prestasi yang baik.
Kondisi Psychological Well-Being Siswa yang Berperilaku Konsumtif
Authors: Masrida Anisa Ainumia , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: November 2020

Terpenuhinya kebutuhan psikologis maupun kebutuhan fisik dapat membuat individu menjadi sejahtera. Dilihat dari tugas-tugas perkembangan, siswa diharapkan dapat mencapai tugas-tugas perkembangannya dengan baik. Siswa yang mencapai tugas perkembangannya dengan baik ia akan mampu bersikap mandiri dan mengambil keputusan, dan bersikap independen. Namun femonena yang ditemukan adanya adanya individu yang memiliki kesejahteraan psikologi dalam kategori sedang yaitu pada aspek kemandirian, individu tidak bisa mengendalikan diri sendiri, dan tidak bisa mengambil keputusan sendiri. Peneiltian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi psychological well-being siswa yang berperilaku konsumtif. Jenis penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa yang terdaftar di SMA Pembangunan Lab. UNP Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner (angket) terbuka,  pengadministrasiannya dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan aplikasi google form. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik persentil (P). Dari hasil temuan tersebut secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi psychological well-being siswa yang berperilaku konsumtif pada umumnya berada pada kategori tinggi. Idealnya untuk kategori psychological well-being siswa yang berperilaku konsumtif pada umumnya berada pada kategori tinggi, bisa dikatakan bahwa psikologi siswa di SMA Pembangunan Lab. UNP yang berperilaku konsumtif memiliki psikologi yang sejahtera, namun yang harus dikurangi yaitu sifat konsumtif yang ada dalam diri siswa tersebut.  Seorang konselor perlu upaya lebih dalam meningkatkan psychological well-being siswa, serta konselor dapat membantu menyelesaikan masalah  yang terjadi pada siswa khususnya pada perilaku konsumtif siswa, layanan yang dapat diberikan kepada siswa yaitu layanan informasi, layanan konseling perorangan, layanan bimbingan kelompok, dan layanan konseling kelompok.
Dissomic disorders associated with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: impact on quality of life
Authors: Elezarov AA , Kucheryavyy AS , Gumenyuk LN , Sorokina LE , Arifdzhanova SR , Gerbali OYu
Published: November 2020

Dyssomnic disorders (DD) associated with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) are some of the most common conditions that are difficult to endure and that lead to deconditioning. This study aimed to assess prevalence and structure of DD, their relationship with clinical picture peculiarities and contribution to deterioration of the quality of lives of JRA patients. At the 1st stage, we assessed prevalence of DD in a continuous sample of JRA patients and healthy children aged 8–16 years. At the 2nd stage, we assessed DD structure, features associated with gender and age, connections to the key clinical characteristics of JRA and quality of life of the patients. In the context of the study, we used the SDSC sleep quality scale, the PedsQL 4.0 quality of life model, and the Ritchie index. DD develop in JRA patients 3.3 times more often than in healthy children (in 178 (72.3%) and 93 (22.2%) children, respectively). The DD registered were sleep initiation and maintenance disorders (54 cases, 22.0%), respiratory disorders (32 cases, 13.0%), sleep-to-wakefulness transition disorders (31 cases, 12.6%), excessive sleepiness disorders (38 cases, 15.4%), combinations thereof (23, 9.3%). Girls had sleep initiation and maintenance disorders more pronounced (p = 0.003), boys were more prone to excessive sleepiness (p = 0.008). The severity of DD increases with patients' age (r = 0.69; p = 0.001) and JRA onset age (r = 0.71; p = 0.001); they are also more severe in polyarticular JRA patients (r = 0.32; p = 0.048). We have clarified the relationship between DD and indicators of inflammatory (r = 0.56; p = 0.001) and Ritchie indices (r = 0.44; p = 0.005), duration of morning stiffness (r = 0.49; p = 0.029). The proven connection between DD and JRA entails the need for routine checks for DD in such patients, and, when discovered, DD should call for personalized therapeutic and diagnostic approach rather than be regarded as one of the JRA syndromes.
Dissomnicheskiye rasstroystva pri yuvenil'nom revmatoidnom artrite: vliyaniye na kachestvo zhizni
Authors: Елезаров А. А. , Кучерявый А. С. , Гуменюк Л. Н. , Сорокина Л. Е. , Арифджанова С. Р. , Гербали О. Ю.
Published: November 2020

Dissomnicheskiye rasstroystva (DR) pri yuvenil'nom revmatoidnom artrite (YURA) — odno iz naiboleye rasprostranennykh, tyazhelo perenosimykh i dezadaptiruyushchikh sostoyaniy. Tsel' issledovaniya — otsenit' rasprostranennost' i strukturu DR, ikh vzaimosvyaz' s klinicheskimi osobennostyami, vklad v snizheniye kachestva zhizni u bol'nykh YURA. Na I etape otsenivali rasprostranennost' DR v sploshnoy vyborke bol'nykh YURA i zdorovykh detey 8–16 let. Na II etape u bol'nykh YURA s verifitsirovannymi DR otsenivali ikh strukturu, genderno-vozrastnyye osobennosti, vzaimosvyaz' s osnovnymi klinicheskimi kharakteristikami YURA, kachestvom zhizni bol'nykh. Primenyali shkalu dlya otsenki kachestva sna SDSC, oprosnik kachestva zhizni — PedsQL 4.0, indeks Richi. U bol'nykh YURA DR vstrechayutsya v 3,3 raza chashche, chem u zdorovykh detey (u 178 (72,3%) i u 93 (22,2%) sootvetstvenno). Spektr DR byl predstavlen rasstroystvami initsiatsii i podderzhaniya sna — 54 (22,0%), rasstroystvami dykhaniya — 32 (13,0%), rasstroystvami perekhoda sna v bodrstvovaniye — 31 (12,6%), rasstroystvami chrezmernoy sonlivosti — 38 (15,4%) i ikh sochetaniyami — 23 (9,3%). U devochek bol'she vyrazheny rasstroystva initsiatsii i podderzhaniya sna (r = 0,003), u mal'chikov — rasstroystva chrezmernoy sonlivosti (r = 0,008). Tyazhest' DR narastayet po mere uvelicheniya vozrasta bol'nykh (r = 0,69; p = 0,001) i vozrasta debyuta YURA (r = 0,71; p = 0,001), pri poliartikulyarnom variante (r = 0,32; p = 0,048). Utochnena svyaz' DR s pokazatelyami vospalitel'nogo (r = 0,56; p = 0,001), sustavnogo indeksov (r = 0,44; p = 0,005) i prodolzhitel'nost'yu utrenney skovannosti (r = 0,49; p = 0,029). Nalichiye vzaimosvyazi DR i YURA diktuyet neobkhodimost' provedeniya rutinnoy diagnostiki DR u dannoy kategorii bol'nykh, pri etom dlya vedeniya DR neobkhodimo primenyat' skoreye personifitsirovannyy lechebno-diagnosticheskiy podkhod, chem rastsenivat' yego v kachestve odnogo iz sindromov YURA.
Strategi Belajar Membaca Teks Arab Berbasis Belajar Mandiri
Authors: Fitriani Laily
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK

Belajar membaca tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam rangkaian strategi metakognitif, kognitif dan mediasi sosial. Ketiga jenis strategi ini memiliki konstribusi dalam implementasi belajar membaca teks Arab khususnya pada pembelajar mandiri non Arab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang muncul pada saat membaca teks Arab, strategi apa yang mahasiswa gunakan dan bagaimana strategi itu dapat membantu mereka dalam membaca teks Arab. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada mahasiswa jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab semester lima dan tujuh. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumen, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa: 1) Permasalahan yang dihadapi mahasiswa dalam membaca teks Arab adalah kurangnya pemahaman pada kosakata/mufrodat baru, pemahaman teks secara kontekstual saat kosakata/mufrodat berada dalam sebuah kalimat serta membaca teks Arab sesuai dengan kaidah nahwiyah dan shorfiyah; 2) Strategi-strategi yang digunakan dalam membaca teks Arab adalah strategi metakognitif, kognitif dan mediasi sosial; 3) Strategi di dalam kelas terdiri dari: membuka kamus, mencari kosakata baru dan merangkum intisari teks. Sedangkan strategi di luar kelas terdiri dari: berdiskusi dengan teman, membaca teks/tulisan Arab melalui majalah, koran, buku, dan internet, membentuk kelompok belajar dengan penerapan tutor sebaya, mengulang materi yang telah dipelajari, dan belajar membaca teks sebelum memasuki kelas.

Kata Kunci: Strategi belajar, membaca teks Arab, belajar mandiri
Use of Information Technology-Based Arabic Learning Media in the Arabic Language Center (PKPBA) Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Authors: Al Anshory Abdul Muntaqim
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the use of information technology-based Arabic learning media in the Arabic Language Center (PKPBA) UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. This research is a  descriptive quantitative study. The research subjects are lecturers of PKPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang 2018-2019. The research instruments are observation and questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical data analysis. The results shows that: 1) most lecturers (90%) have used information technology-based learning media in Arabic learning, 2) information technology-based learning media used are diverse, the most used are LCD projector and social media such as WhatsApp, Youtube, and Instagram, and 4) there are many obstacles faced by lecturers when using information technology-based learning media, namely learning media cannot be used for all lessons, media used is not in accordance with the time span of the lesson, the internet connection is low, the electrical power is accidentally shut down, the campus facilities does not support, and the lecturers are unskillfull in using media.
Pengembangan Materi Ajar Secara 3D Augmented Reality Untuk Pengajaran Berbicara Bahasa Arab
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Adi
Published: November 2020

Proses pembelajaran yang umumnya berjalan di setiap kelas hanya terpaku pada satu sumber belajar yaitu buku pelajaran membuat peserta didik merasa jenuh dalam belajar. Mereka merasa sulit belajar terutama dalam pembelajaran berbicara bahasa Arab. Seorang pendidik harus mampu untuk menciptakan suasana belajar yang menarik dan menyenangkan. Sehingga perlu variasi model materi ajar yang membuat peserta didik tertarik dalam belajar berbicara bahasa Arab. Salah satu cara yaitu dengan melakukan pengembangan materi ajar yang berbasis elektronik seperti pembuatan media 3D Augmented Reality yang bisa di gunakan peserta didik untuk belajar berbicara Bahasa Arab hanya dengan Handphone Android. Model pengembangan yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini nantinya adalah menggunakan metode Research and Development (RnD). Yang mana media ini akan diuji coba pada peserta didik diantaranya kelas yang beranggotakan dalam skala kecil dan kelas yang beranggotakan dalam skal besar. Dengan begitu akan diketahui hasil data yang jelas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengembangkan materi ajar secara 3D Augmented Reality untuk pengajaran berbicara bahasa Arab, (2) melihat respon peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran berbicara bahasa Arab yang berbasis elektronik, (3) menganalisis apakah terdapat peningkatan secara signifikan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik antara yang menggunakan media 3D Augmented Reality dalam pembelajaran berbicara bahasa Arab dengan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik yang tidak menggunakan media 3D Augmented Reality dalam pembelajaran berbicara bahasa Arab. Dari penelitian yang akan dilakukan ini, diharapkan peserta didik semakin tertarik untuk belajar berbicara bahasa Arab dengan praktis dan efisien.
Using Reading Aloud Technique to Stimulate Students Reading Comprehension
Authors: Jaelani Alan , Sadyawati Amalia , Rosmawati Wida
Published: November 2020

This article aims to stimulate students' reading comprehension skills using the Reading Aloud technique. Reading aloud is the main axis connecting reading and speaking English. Reading aloud not only increases reading and basic knowledge but also improves oral expression. How the Read aloud technique can stimulate students' reading skills. Reading plays an important role as one of four abilities in improving students' English performance. This study involved 16 respondents who were 5th-semester students of the English Language Education Program at Ibn Khaldun University. This research was a descriptive study in which the researcher used a qualitative method. Data collected by interview, questionnaire, and observation. The results of the study showed that most of them did not agree with the techniques from Reading aloud. Based on respondents' statements, we found that the use of the reading method with hard reading techniques helped students to stimulate reading comprehension, especially to help students in pronunciation.
PROSES MORFOLOGIS WAZAN-WAZAN FIâ€™IL MAZID DAN MAKNANYA DALAM AL-QURAN JUZ 28
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Luqman
Published: November 2020

Penelititan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) wazan-wazan fiâ€™il mazid yang terdapat dalam Al-Quran juz 28, (2) proses morfologis pada fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28, (3) proses morfofonemik pada fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28, (4) makna-makna yang terdapat pada fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber datanya adalah Al-Quran juz 28. Data yang diambil adalah kata-kata yang memiliki wazan fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Ditemukan sebanyak 154 kata yang mengikuti wazan fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28, (2) Kata-kata yang berwazan fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28 mengalami dua proses morfologis dalam pembentukannya, yaitu proses afiksasi (penambahan afiks) dan modifikasi internal (perubahan harakat). (3) Proses morfofonemik pada fiâ€™il mazid dalam Al-Quran juz 28 mengalami tiga macam proses, yaitu: (a) proses idgham (b) proses iâ€™lal, dan (c) proses ibdal. (4) Berubahnya fiâ€™il mujarrad menjadi fiâ€™il mazid memberikan makna yang berbeda.
Karakteristik dan Fungsi Puisi pada Masa Transisi dari Dinasti Umayyah ke Dinasti Abbasiyah
Authors: Hinduan Najmah Al
Published: November 2020

Pada masa transisi yaitu rentangan 100 tahun ini terdapat lima belas penyair yang representasi puisinya menjadi kajian penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada tujuh jenis puisi yang terdapat pada masa transisi yaitu madh, hija, naqaidh, zuhud, gazal, khamriyyat, dan fakhr. Ketujuh puisi ini memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda untuk memenuhi fungsi yang berbeda-beda pula. Diantaranya yaitu diksi yang menggunakan kata-kata konotatif, imajinasi yang kuat, menggunakan banyak majas simile/tasybih, sinisme, sarkasme, personifikasi, dan metafora/istiaâ€™rah.