bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of social isolation on the incidence of positivity in covid-19 tests in a metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: José Natário Alexandre , Luciano da Veiga Glaucia , Loduca Lima Vagner , Gascón Thaís , Claudio dos Santos Pinheiro José , Regina Santos Raimundo Joyce , Da Costa Aguiar Alves Beatriz , Moreira Perez Matheus , Giorgia Bronzatti de Oliveira Rodrigues Claudia , Vanessa Lambiasi Sant’Anna Aleksandra , Cristina Peres Marina , Cardoso de Gois Katharyna , Ivania Zambrano Lysien , Aparecida Sperança Marcia , Reple Sobrinho Geraldo , Luiz Affonso Fonseca Fernando
Published: December 2021

Introduction: With the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus 2 of severe acute respiratory syndrome) pandemic in Brazil, especially in the city of São Paulo, there was a need to apply social isolation policies associated with testing, covering all municipalities. The Clinical Analysis Laboratory of Centro Universitário FMABC was one of the first laboratories to receive certification and qualification to perform RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase reaction followed by polymerase chain reaction) tests in the metropolitan region of São Paulo.
Objective: Aim to analyze the influence of adopting social isolation on the incidence of positivity in COVID-19 tests in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods: a descriptive study carried out from March to May 2020, epidemiological data were collected from each unit served and organized by the data controllership team of the Clinical Analysis Laboratory of FMABC. Epidemiological, demographic, and laboratory data were extracted from the Matrix® outpatient data management system. Clinically suspected cases and confirmed by laboratory tests (RT-PCR and serological tests) were entered. The tests were divided into serological tests using the RT-PCR molecular test, on samples of nasopharyngeal mucosal scrapings collected with sterile Swab.
Results: It were evaluated PCR test and antibody presence (IgA, IgM and IgG) in blood samples of 16.297 patients. 22.718 tests were performed for the diagnosis of COVID-19, both RT-PCR (10.410 tests) and serological tests to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, IgA, IgM and IgG, a total of 16.297 patients were assessed, 63% women and 37% men. It was observed that the social isolation policies adopted during this period contained the massive expansion of contamination, at least while the social isolation rates were above 55%.
Conclusion: The data of this study demonstrated the effectiveness of social isolation in containing the positive contamination of SARS-CoV-2 in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, at least for the first three months.
Covid-19 and its relationship with kidney diseases: a scope review
Authors: Soanno Marchiori Jennifer , Athos Da Silva De Oliveira Miguel , Maria Pinheiro Bezerra Italla
Published: December 2021

Background: COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease originally from China that emerged in December 2019 and quickly spread around the world, affecting 230,418.415 people, and causing 4,724,876 deaths. Coming from the coronavirus family, SARS-CoV-2 is a new subtype of virus that affects the respiratory tract in different levels and can spread and affect other vital structures in the body.
Objective: To identify the risk factors that lead patients infected by the new coronavirus to develop kidney disease.
Methods: This is a systematic review of the Scoping Review type (scope review), according to the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, with the implementation of a checklist structured by PRISMA-ScR that contains 22 mandatory items. The following descriptors were used: coronavirus infection, acute kidney injury and risk factors in five databases, namely PudMed, Scopus, Embase, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science.
Results: While reading the studies, it was concluded that Acute Kidney Injury was the main renal finding in patients contaminated by SARS-CoV-2. The risk factors for developing renal worsening in patients with COVID-19 were the extremes of age, race, sex, pre-existing diseases, and the disease evolution.
Conclusion: It is assumed that renal involvement does not occur only for an exclusive reason, but as a set of factors. It is up to the health team to pay constant attention to the warning signs by monitoring the contaminated patient.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Project Based Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar Praktik Pemboran Mahasiswa Teknik Pertambangan AKNS
Authors: Silvia Febri , Abdullah Rijal , Lapisa Remon
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Teknik Pemboran merupakan salah satu mata kuliah pada Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan PDD AKNS.
Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh penerapan model project based learning terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar praktik pemboran mahasiswa Teknik Pertambangan PDD AKNS
Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan quasi experimen dengan desain Pretest-Postest Control Design yang terdiri dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan tahap akhir. Berdasarkan tahap persiapan dilakukan observasi kemampuan awal mahasiswa dan membuat rubrik penilaian kinerja. Tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan pembagian kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dimana pada kelas eksperimen diterapkan model PjBl sedangkan pada kelas kontrol tetap diterapkan model konvensional. Tahap akhir dilakukan analisis data, pembahasan dan pengambilan kesimpulan hasil penelitian.
Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa t hitung (2,95) > t tabel (2,0101)  pada taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 dan hasil belajar kelas eksperimen mengalami kenaikan sebesar 33%, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol hanya 12%. Dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa penerapan model Project Based Learning berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar praktik pemboran mahasiswa Teknik Pertambangan PDD AKNS.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Project Based Learning berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar praktik pemboran mahasiswa Teknik Pertambangan PDD AKNS. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan analisa Gain Score dimana pada kelas eksperimen mahasiswa yang mengalami kenaikan nilai sebesar 33% dengan kategori sedang, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol hanya 12% dan dengan kategori rendah.
Sinodalidad y Derecho Canónico
Authors: Bueno de la Fuente
Published: December 2021

: El funcionamiento de los
organismos y de las prácticas eclesiales
siguen provocando una sensación de
malestar en muchos cristianos. El papa
Francisco lo ha dicho con claridad. La
sinodalidad, como categoría teológica y
como método pastoral, se propone como
una vía de solución. Para ello debe tener
en cuenta la actual experiencia de libertad y la renovación del Derecho Canónico
Reflexiones acerca del retorno seguro a clases presenciales en pandemia en Chile
Authors: Caiceo Escudero Jaime
Published: December 2021

Para entender la necesidad del retorno seguro a clases presenciales
en el sistema escolar chileno, después de 3 semestres con enseñanza mayoritariamente a distancia, producto del COVID 19 descubierto en Wuhan y tardíamente informado a la OMS por China, se hace imprescindible el retorno a clases presenciales sugerido por la UNESCO y el Banco Mundial para que los estudiantes no sigan perdiendo
el aprendizaje escolar, el contacto social con sus compañeros el cual disminuirá los
trastornos socioemocionales y la deserción. Para ello, se indican la duración de las
principales pandemias en la historia de la humanidad para entender su duración,
la situación sanitaria en Chile y las medidas sugeridas por las autoridades del Ministerio de Educación y del Ministerio de Salud a medida que va disminuyendo el
desescalamiento; para ello se proponen alternativas, según el tipo de establecimiento
El vínculo filial abierto a lo social y en reflexión con el Papa Francisco
Authors: AznarSola Javier
Published: December 2021

La figura concreta del hijo se ha abordado desde distintas perspectivas, pero en muchas ocasiones como un apéndice de los estudios de la familia, lo que repercute a la hora
de estudiar la condición filial en su
concreción. Por ello el objetivo del
presente artículo intenta abordar
con amplitud la condición filial en su
particularidad y no únicamente
como sujeto transversal a los estudios
sobre la familia. La metodología utilizada en el presente trabajo abarca
una recopilación de la crítica literaria
sobre el tema en cuestión y puesta en
relación con los documentos magisteriales del papa Francisco. Los resultados de este estudio nos insertan en lo
mejor de la tradición cultural del humanismo cristiano y las posibles soluciones que desde esta perspectiva podemos observar como sociedad. El
objetivo era dialogar con el magisterio de Francisco y de este modo acercarlo por medio de un artículo de investigación al mundo académico
El vínculo de apego en el proceso de adopción
Authors: Redondo Catalina María
Published: December 2021

El apego es clave en el desarrollo integral de las personas, y condiciona cómo éstas van a afrontar distintas situaciones de su vida y a relacionarse con el entorno. Por eso,
es importante establecer durante la
infancia relaciones de apego lo más
estables y positivas posible. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido revisar la
bibliografía más actual acerca del
apego en las familias con casos de
adopción, para entender mejor este
proceso poniendo el foco en las vivencias personales de las mismas. Tras el
posterior análisis de la información
recogida, las conclusiones demuestran que las familias adoptivas presentan una mayor dificultad en
cuanto al establecimiento del apego,
que va a depender mucho de la situación de la familia concreta: casos de
adopción especial, casos de adopción
temprana, tipo de experiencias previas del menor, expectativas de los
padres y su preparación previa a la
adopción, etc. Es importante matizar
que el proceso de adopción es mutuo,
no son los padres los que adoptan al
niño, teniendo éste el deber de adaptarse a la familia, sino que también
los padres “son adoptados” por el menor y deben hacer su propio proceso de adaptación a las necesidades concretas de este. Esto hace que la formación de la nueva familia sea un camino que deben recorrer juntos y de forma progresiva, tratando de establecer vinculaciones lo más positivas
y estables posible
Familiares de personas afectadas por COVID-19: psicopatología, estrés, percepción de amenaza y apoyo social
Authors: CalderónCholbi Aruca , MateuMollá Joaquín , LacombaTrejo Laura
Published: December 2021

La nueva enfermedad conocida como COVID-19 ha sacudido
nuestras vidas y ha supuesto una verdadera amenaza no solo para las
personas que la padecen, sino también para sus familiares. Objetivo:
Evaluar los factores de riesgo y protección en los familiares de personas
afectadas por COVID-19. Método:
Una vez firmado el consentimiento
informado, los participantes (n=50)
completaron una entrevista sociodemográfica y se evaluó su grado de malestar emocional (SCL-90-R), estrés (PSS-14), percepción de amenaza
(BIP-Q5) y apoyo social (MOS-SSS).
Resultados: Los familiares que participaron presentaron malestar emocional, estrés, sensación de amenaza
y apoyo social moderados. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio subraya que la
familia es una parte activa en esta enfermedad, la cual padece un gran impacto emocional que debe ser tratado.
ON ONE APPROACH FOR FEATURE SELECTION BASED ON THE APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF LOGICAL ANALYSIS OF DATA
Authors: Кузьмич Р.И. , Ступина А.А. , Цепкова М.И. , Ежеманская С.Н.
Published: December 2021

Предлагается подход для отбора важных признаков при классификации наблюдений. Реализация подхода основана на построении логических правил на базе метода логического анализа данных и учете частоты использования признаков при их формировании для конкретной задачи классификации.

An approach is proposed for the selection of important features in the classification of observations. The implementation of the approach is based on the construction of patterns based on the method of logical analysis of data and taking into account the frequency of using features when forming them for a specific classification task.
METHOD OF DYNAMIC IMPLEMENTATION OF A ROBUST DIGITAL WATERMARK IN VIDEO DATA
Authors: Морковин С.В.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается модифицированный метод внедрения цифровых водяных знаков в видеоданные, заключающийся в дополнении уже известных методов новыми функциями, базирующихся на принципиальных отличиях видеопотока от статичной фотографии.

The article discusses a modified method of introducing digital watermarks into video data, which consists in supplementing the already known methods with new functions based on the fundamental differences between the video stream and static photography.
Calculation of the
parameters of the magnetic-pulse connection of the tip and multi-wire cable
Authors: Kurlaev N.V. , Samokhvalova Zh.V. , Samokhvalov V.N.
Published: December 2021

The main provisions of the calculation method and the results of numerical modeling of the process of compression of
the tubular shell of the tip onto a stranded wire by the pressure of a pulsed magnetic field are presented. The analysis of
the features of the deformation process at different intensity of force loading is carried out. The rational modes of loading
and the necessary conditions for minimizing the specific discharge energy while ensuring a high assembly density are
determined.
TREINAMENTO MUSCULAR EXCÊNTRICO E AS PRINCIPAIS LESÕES: UMA VISÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA DESPORTIVA
Authors: Neves Elivelton Aparecido Freitas , Martins Leonardo Lúcio Gonçalves , Figueira Thiago Gomes , Silva Wagner Rafael da , Silva Milena Carla de Queiroz da
Published: December 2021

A Fisioterapia Desportiva direciona uma atenção integral do atleta, atuando na prevenção da saúde e tratamento, considerando que toda atividade física pode gerar sobrecargas ao indivíduo, principalmente se este não estiver com um bom preparo físico. Nesse momento inicia-se a atuação da Fisioterapia Desportiva visando um olhar psicológico e biomecânico no qual o fisioterapeuta irá atuar por meio de métodos efetivos de avaliação e tratamento na saúde destes atletas. Este artigo se trata de uma revisão de literatura, visando apresentar à luz dos autores, como um condicionamento muscular excêntrico é adequado para a reabilitação na maioria das lesões.
Teologi Asy'ariyah dan Klaim Pembelaannya Terhadap Mazhab Salaf
Authors: Muhammad Istiqamah  , Syandri Syandri
Published: December 2021

This study aims to explain the opinions of Asy'ariyah theology and its comparison with the salaf mazhab. This research is qualitative descriptive research with library research techniques that use normative theological approaches. The results of this study show that Asy'ariyah in various discussions of the creed has its own opinions of Islamic creed, ranging from the first obligation of a mukallaf, the meaning of tawhid, al-imān, asmā' wa ṣifat, kalam Allah, rukyatullāh, to qaḍā' and qadar. Even in one matter, among the Assyrians had different views. As for the comparative study between Asy'ariyah theology and salaf mazhab found a considerable difference between the two. Both in the matter of the first obligation as a mukallaf, regarding kalamullah, the attributes of Allah, destiny, or the matter of faith, so that the defense of the salaf mazhab echoed by Asy'ariyah is only an unproven claim.
GAMBARAN STRESS PADA SISWA SMP-SMA DI SUMATERA BARAT: STUDI DESKRIPTIF
Authors: Meria Susanti  , Izzanil Hidayati  , Nila Anggreiny  , Yantri Maputra
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought a huge change to today's life. The rapid spread of the process made the government make various efforts to overcome this. One of them is by limiting activities, namely learning activities boldly (school from home). Courageous learning activities make students learn from home. However, in practice many parents and students complain that they are not interested in doing these learning activities. This study aims to determine the impact of distance learning activities (school from home) on the stress of middle and high school students in West Sumatra. The measuring instrument of this research is the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen. The results showed that most junior and senior high school students experienced stress in the moderate category. This is sufficient to indicate that the subject feels that his current life is stressful. Regarding the feelings of subjects with COVID-19, most of the subjects felt worried (26%), afraid (17%), and felt shocked (14%). At the beginning of the pandemic, as many as 94.7% of students felt that the covid-19 virus was dangerous and only 5.3% felt it was harmless. Keywords: Stress, Covid-19, teenager

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan perubahan besar terhadap kehidupan saat ini. Cepatnya proses penyebaran membuat pemerintah melakukan berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut. Salah satunya dengan membatasi kegiatan, yaitu kegiatan belajar secara daring (school from home). Kegiatan pembelajaran daring membuat siswa belajar dari rumah. Namun, pada prakteknya banyak orangtua dan siswa yang mengeluhkan bahwa mereka merasa tidak termotivasi dalam melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak kegiatan pembelajaran jarak jauh (school from home) terhadap stress siswa SMP dan SMA di Sumatera Barat. Alat ukur penelitian ini menggunakan skala Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) oleh Cohen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa SMP dan SMA mengalami stress pada kategori sedang. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa subjek merasa kehidupannya saat ini cukup membuat stress. Terkait dengan perasaan subjek dengan covid-19, sebagian besar subjek merasa merasa cemas (26%), takut (17%), dan merasa kaget (14%). Saat awal pandemi, sebanyak 94,7% siswa merasa bahwa virus covid-19 ini berbahaya dan hanya 5,3% yang merasa tidak berbahaya.Kata Kunci: Stress, Covid-19, Remaja
KEPUASAN HIDUP REMAJA DI ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Lisa Ardaniyati  , Ali Mufti Ramadhani
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the level of life satisfaction of adolescents in the new normal era. The sample in this study were teenagers aged 15-18 years, amounting to 80 teenagers. The method used is descriptive quantitative method. The results of this study found that adolescents have the highest level of satisfaction in family life of 79.75% (calculation of 49.5% and 30.25%) in the new normal era. After life satisfaction in the family, adolescents also feel satisfied in the surrounding environment which is 72%, then adolescent self-related satisfaction is 57.25%. The lowest satisfaction of adolescents is in school life of 26.25% (calculation of 21.0% and 5.25%), followed by friendship life which is 50.75% so it can be concluded that the highest life satisfaction of adolescents in the new normal era is in family life. This is because in the new normal era, teenagers spend a lot of time at home so that it is an opportunity to gather and share with family members and a safe place during the Covid-19 period. Keywords: Life satisfaction, teenager, new normal era.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan hidup remaja di era new normal. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ialah remaja yang berusia 15-18 tahun yang berjumlah 80 remaja. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa remaja memiliki tingkat kepuasan paling tinggi dalam kehidupan keluarga sebesar 79.75% (kalkulasi dari 49.5% dan 30.25%) di era normal baru. Setelah kepuasan hidup dalam keluarga, remaja juga merasa puas dalam lingkungan sekitar yakni sebesar 72%, selanjutnya kepuasan terkait diri remaja sebesar 57.25%. Kepuasan terendah remaja ada pada kehidupan sekolah sebesar 26.25% (kalkulasi dari 21.0% dan 5.25%), dilanjutkan dengan kehidupan pertemanan yaitu sebesar 50.75% sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepuasan hidup remaja di era new normal yang paling tinggi berada dalam kehidupan keluarga. Hal ini karena pada masa era new normal remaja menghabiskan banyak waktu dirumah sehingga kesempatan untuk berkumpul dan berbagai dengan anggota keluarga serta tempat yang aman selama masa Covid-19 Kata Kunci: Kepuasan hidup, remaja, era new norma.
Professional pedagogical listening competence as an indispensable component of foreign language teacher’s professional training
Authors: Ibragimova Liliya A. , Sarapulova Alexandra E.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the exploration of the characteristics of pedagogical listening being an essential part of the foreign language teachers communication activity and requiring special concern within the system of future professionals training. The study aims to make a case for the need for the pedagogical listening competence to be subjected to focused development during the foreign language teachers professional training. The first part of the article provides the definition of professional pedagogical listening and an analysis of the functions and peculiarities of teachers listening covered in the Russian and foreign scientific literature. The assumption is made that pedagogical listening has its own specifics based on the teachers subject area. The second part of the paper describes the function and peculiarities characteristic of the foreign language teachers listening. As a result, a number of features inherent to the foreign language teachers listening were highlighted. The analysis revealed that those features bring about some difficulties associated with the pedagogical listening implemented by a foreign language teacher, which requires the teacher to have special skills. The results suggest that the pedagogical listening competence requires focused development during the foreign language teachers professional training. The training process containing the components aimed at the development of that competence will provide higher quality training of future professionals and increase graduates capacity to perform their professional activities. The implementation of the task apparently calls for the development of proper scientific and methodological support, which should be considered as one of the promising lines of research on this field.
English Learning Model and Independence of Vocational School Students in the Pandemic Period
Authors: Kusmiyati  , Ni Nyoman Sarmi
Published: December 2021

Learning independence is one of the important things in a learning process so that students have the responsibility to organize and discipline themselves, in addition to being able to develop learning abilities on their own accord. The problem that occurs at this time is the learning process that has been forced to be carried out at home through online learning, since the Covid 19 pandemic. The purpose of this research is to find out the online learning model of english in vocational high schools throughout the city of Surabaya during the pandemic and how high the influence of the level of independence is. students and the effect of learning models on learning outcomes of English learning at SMK Surabaya City during the pandemic. This research is quantitative research using a questionnaire for data collection. The population in this study were all English teachers in public and private vocational schools in the city of Surabaya as many as 278 people while the sample of this study was 74 people. The presentation of descriptive analysis in this study is the independent variable (X), the learning model variable (Y), and the learning outcome variable (Z). The results of the analysis in the study showed that the students' independence had an average of 2.93 which was included in the sufficient category. This means that the independence of SMK students throughout the city of Surabaya in learning English during the pandemic is quite good. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the learning model applied during the pandemic in English subjects was good with an average score of 3.15. The coefficient of the learning model variable from the regression analysis is known to be 0.556. This shows that the learning model has a positive effect on learning outcomes. The better the learning model, the higher the learning outcomes produced. The significance value obtained is 0.000, which means that the learning model has a significant effect on learning English outcomes at SMK in Surabaya City during the pandemic.
TRAINING ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM MANURE AND CONCRETE BRICK PRODUCTION TO IMPROVE THE ECONOMY OF CITIZEN IN DANAU SADAR VILLAGE, CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
Authors: Lilis Rosmainar  , Karelius  , Rasidah  , Akhmad Damsyik  , I Made Sadiana  , Revianti Coenraad  , Tia Monika
Published: December 2021

Danau Sadar Village is a village located in the sub-district of Dusun Selatan, 8 km from Buntok, the capital of South Barito Regency. This village has several potentials such as rubber plantation, livestock sector, tourism, and fisheries sector. Even though this potential is quite remarkable, the citizen welfare is still in low catagories due to the lack of skill in managing it. This condition happened because not all workers are engaged in the production process. Related to the condition of the community in Danau Sadar Village, an idea emerged to empower the community, by providing training to improve their skills. The objectives of community service in Danau Sadar Village are as follows: (1) assisting the people of Danau Sadar Village in developing economic independence; (2) improving entrepreneurial skills through the training provided. The community service program has been successful by carrying out two types of training activities to improve citizen welfare: training on biogas reactors from manure and brick making to obtain optimal products in terms of production costs and quality. The citizen in Danau Sadar Village welcomes this community service program. They hope that Palangka Raya University will carry out the community service program regularly in their village.
Deiktiskās, prospektīvās un retrospektīvās frāzes zinātnes valodā
Authors:   Liepājas Universitāte, Kopankina Iveta , Viļums Artūrs ,   Ventspils Augstskola
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the dimensions of space and time in the Latvian language of science. The space dimension is expressed by the deictic constructions of place (demonstrative pronouns and adverbs), and the time dimension is expressed by prospective and retrospective constructions (adverbs and adjectives). The research material consists of the texts of scientific articles included in the project “The Latvian Language of Science in the Intralingual Aspect”. The aim of the present study is to explore research articles written in Latvian and to single out the most frequently used wording expressing the mentioned dimensions. In the present research, content analysis has been carried out to establish the knowledge gap present in the given field. It was found out that very few publications so far exist pertaining to space and time deixis in the Latvian language. The respective wording in the research material has been singled out with the help of AntConc; therefore, the present study is a study in Latvian Linguistics, with the elements of Corpus Linguistics. The content analysis and the study revealed that the deictic space and prospective and retrospective time constructions are present throughout the articles written in the Latvian language of science, i.e. in the introductory parts, in the main bodies, and the conclusions of the mentioned texts and serve the function of creating the joint psychological space of the author and the audience. They facilitate the process of communication between the author and the reader of the given texts.
Lingvistisko īpatnību paralēles kursiskajās un dziļajās tāmnieku izloksnēs
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Latviešu valodas institūts, Vēvere Daira
Published: December 2021

The present paper aims to show the most significant phonetic and morphological features belonging both to the deep Tamian (tāmnieku) subdialects of the Livonic dialect and the Curonian (kursiskās) subdialects of the Middle dialect. The main focus is on the forms used in the deep Tamian subdialects of Pope, Ziras, Piltene, Zlēkas, Ance, Dundaga, and Ugāle, based on the materials acquired by the author during the period 2008–2019, and compared with the data of dialect archive of the Latvian Language Institute of the University of Latvia (collected in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century). In phonetics, a typical feature is the use of broad e, ē, especially in infinitives, e. g., celt ‘to raise, to build’, sēt ‘to sow’, meklēt (Curonian subd.), meklet (Tamian subd.) ‘to search’, the lengthening or diphthongization of short vowels a, e, i, u before consonant r, e. g., dârps ‘work’, ʒērt ‘to drink’, zîrks // ziêrks ‘horse’, bũrt // buõrt ‘to conjure’, palatal consonant ŗ, e. g., kaŗš ‘war’, gaŗš ‘long’, jũŗ ‘sea’, also the use of vowel u before the consonant v or b, e. g., zuve (Curonian subd.), zȗu // zȗi (Tamian subd.) ‘fish’, suvēnc (Curonian subd.), suvēnc // suvans (Tamian subd.) ‘pig’, dubans // dubenc ‘bottom, seat’, dui // dȗv (Tamian subd.) ‘two’, the loss of sounds in different positions, e. g., cilēks (Curonian subd.), cileks (Tamian subd.) ‘human’, ciris (Curonian subd.), cȋrs (Tamian subd.) ‘axe’, dures // duõres (Curonian subd.), dȗrs // dûrs // duôrs (Tamian subd.) ‘the doors’, tēs ‘father’, vẽš ‘wind’, rupš ‘rude’, and assimilation of -ln- to -ll-, e. g., mells ‘black’, vells ‘the devil’, villa (Curonian subd.), vill (Tamian subd.) ‘wool’, pills ‘full’. In morphology, a characteristic feature is the use of ē-stem substantives, e. g., klẽte (Curonian subd.), klẽt (Tamian subd.) ‘barn’, pirte // piêrte (Curonian subd.), pirt // piêrt (Tamian subd.) ‘bathhouse’, sirde // siêrde (Curonian subd.), sȋrd (Tamian subd.) ‘heart’, also the use of archaic plural dative endings -iems or -ems, e. g., zirgiêms // zîrgiêms (Curonian subd.), zirgems // zîrgems (Tamian subd.) ‘for horses’, -ams: mãsams ‘for sisters’, -ems or -ems, e. g., guõvems (Curonian subd.), guõvems (Tamian subd.) ‘for cows’, and the use of prefix / preposition az or āz, e. g., âzvakãr // azvakar (Curonian subd.), azvakar // aizvakar // aîzvakar (Tamian subd.) ‘the day before yesterday’, âz // az kalna (Curonian subd.), az // aiz // aîz kal:n (Tamian subd.) ‘behind the hill’, also prefix or preposition ūz, e. g., ũzlikt (Curonian subd.), ûzlikt (Tamian subd.) ‘to put on’, ûz galda (Curonian subd.), ûz gal:d (Tamian subd.) ‘on the table’, also a typical peculiarity of the Curonian and Tamian subdialects (but not heard nowadays) is the use of pronouns tau, sau ‘for yourself, for myself’.
Zur Entstehung und Entwicklung des begriffes „Konzept“ in der kognitiven Semantik
Authors:   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija, Jurgaitis Nedas
Published: December 2021

The present article deals with the genesis of the notion “concept” in German cognitive semantics. The aim of the study is to present the origin and development of the notion “concept” from a diachronic perspective. The genesis of the notion “concept” in linguistics, particularly cognitive semantics, is an object of discussion. It reveals a connection between ancient ideas about word meaning and trends in modern linguistics. The roots of the notion can be traced back to ancient Greek philosophy – the concept debuts as a primal notion of mental experiences in Aristotle’s writings. However, the controversial translation of ancient works leaves room for scientific discussion regarding the prototype of the notion. In the Middle Ages, the word concept originated in European languages from Latin, later establishing itself in scientific discourse through the influence of Neo-Scholasticism, Frege’s conception of logic and the semiotic triangle, as well as the principle of the arbitrariness of linguistic signs. Finally, the notion concept gains importance in the transition from objective to the subjective perception of the meaning of linguistic units (the shift from structuralism to cognitivism) and becomes under the influence of cognitive psychology, the central term in cognitive linguistics in the 1970s and 1980s. The unconventional use of the notion in linguistic studies, on the one hand, makes meta-analyses of the semantics of certain concepts more difficult; on the other hand, it favours disciplinary and methodological diversity in today’s linguistic research.
Sex- and Age-Related Features of Interrelations Between Structural and Functional Parameters of the Heart in Junior Speed Skaters
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Yarysheva Viktoriya B. , Shibkova Dar’ya Z. , Bayguzhin Pavel A. , Erlikh Vadim V.
Published: December 2021

Success of adaptive changes in young athletes in response to training and competition loads is predicted on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of quantitative and qualitative parameters of the state of critical body systems, primarily, the cardiovascular system. The aim of this paper was to determine sex- and age-related features of the morphofunctional parameters of the heart in young skaters and to identify the relationships that determine their adaptation to speed skating. Materials and methods. The research (with informed consent) included 49 athletes of both sexes with the rank of the First-Class Sportsman. The subjects were divided by age and sex into four subgroups: boys aged 13–15 and 16–18 years; girls aged 13–15 and 16–18 years. We performed electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and echocardiographic examination at rest in line with the existing protocols. Results. According to the screening of intra-system correlations between ECG and echocardiography contour analysis parameters, the following proved to be of prognostic significance: QT interval duration, heart rate and alpha angle for girls aged 13–15 years; duration of atrial excitation and pulmonary artery diameter for boys aged 13–15 years; ejection fraction and cardiac cycle duration for girls aged 16–18 years; duration of atrial excitation, which has four correlations with echocardiographic parameters, for boys aged 16–18 years. The revealed features of the structure of intra-system relationships between 21 morphofunctional parameters of the cardiovascular system are determined in the first age group (13–15 years) by athlete’s sex, while in the second age group (16–18 years) by sex and type of sport. For citation: Yarysheva V.B., Shibkova D.Z., Bayguzhin P.A., Erlikh V.V. Sex- and Age-Related Features of Interrelations Between Structural and Functional Parameters of the Heart in Junior Speed Skaters. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 405–416. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z078
The Role of Calcification in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Reaction in the Arterial Wall (Exemplified by the Vessels of the Neck and Head in Adults)
Authors:   Surgut State Pedagogical University, Mal’kov Oleg A. , Govorukhina Alena A. , Afineevskaya Anna Yu. , Burykin Yuriy G. ,   Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

Calcification provoked by inflammation accompanies many comorbid conditions (including atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia). What is more, they mutually aggravate each other. The aim of this study was to reveal the patterns of calcification of the arteries of the neck and head in patients with clinical manifestations of vascular disorders of varying severity in inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases. Materials and methods. A total of 155 patients were examined (mean age 49.1 ± 16.3 years) using computed tomography. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the severity of functional changes in the arterial bed: 1) no vascular obstruction (n = 43); 2) arterial obstruction ≤ 50 % according to NASCET criteria (n = 55); 3) arterial obstruction > 50 % (n = 57). A visual analysis of atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels of the neck and head revealed that the calcification was a dystrophic type of intimal lesion in almost half of the cases (44 %). A visual analysis of stenosis caused by fibromuscular dysplasia showed that calcium deposition is not typical of this process. The absence of calcium phosphate deposition in this case was associated with genetic connective tissue abnormalities. Results. We created a flowchart representing the pathogenesis of artery wall calcification in chronic inflammation. In addition, we revealed previously not described in the literature links between the processes of osteoporosis, progression of biomineralization of atherosclerotic plaques, and decalcification of plaques, which allowed us to indirectly assess their degree of maturation. The results of the study indicate that artery calcification could be considered as a possible marker of the progression of atherosclerosis. For citation: Mal’kov O.A., Govorukhina A.A., Burykin Yu.G., Afineevskaya A.Yu. The Role of Calcification in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Reaction in the Arterial Wall (Exemplified by the Vessels of the Neck and Head in Adults). Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 435–443. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z081
Different Patterns and Distribution of Skull Fractures in Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Zameeruddin Ahmed Hashmi  , G Chandra Deepak  , Mohammed Taqiuddin Khan
Published: December 2021

Background: The head is a common site of trauma in road accidents, and despite safety initiatives, the mortality rate for head injuries has not decreased. Despite the existence of a mandatory helmet law, both mortality and morbidity rates are on the rise. Head injuries are also associated with injuries to the neck, spine, stomach, abdomen, and pelvic cavity.Objectives: To study different patterns and distribution of skull fractures in different kinds of road accidents.Methods: In the Department of Forensic Medicine at Osmania General Hospital 4,213 post-mortem Examinations were carried out during the period ( August 2019 to January 2021. In 784 cases, death was attributed to Road Traffic Accidents. Head injury was present in 634 cases. In 471 cases out of 784, skull fractures were found. The data has been collected from PME reports and inquest reports, relatives and friends of the deceasedResults: Most frequently noted type of fracture is fissured in 59.8% of the cases. Injuries in RTA’s are almost always due to blunt force on cranial vault. Highest number of fractures are seen in temporal 100 (21%), Fractures occurring in cranial vault alone is 336(71.3%), BOS alone is 28(5.94%). Fractures extending into BOS are 308(65.3%). In the base of skull, overall highest frequency of fracture is found in MCF (alone in BOS) with 109 (23.1%), then in PCF (alone in BOS) is 71 (15%), least in ACF 39(8.28%). Only fracture MCF in all over skull is seen in 11(2.33%) cases, PCF 11(2.33%) casesConclusion: Commonest fracture of skull in road traffic accidents is the fissured fracture in the cranial vault, mostly in temporal bone. Fractures of cranial vault most frequently extend to middle cranial fossa and posterior cranial fossa till foramen magnum which are responsible for immediate deaths. Victims who survived till hospital admission are almost half in number. Strict enforcement of road safety regulations and improving emergency medical services may prevent untimely deaths and disabilities caused by RTAs.
lassification Study of Solid Medical Waste in Heet General Hospital
Authors: Ziad Kamil Mohsen  , Dhafer F. Alrawi
Published: December 2021

Is rated about (10-25 %) Of these wastes as hazardous and can affect the public health environment and pollution in particular, the medical waste m n this hospital if it is not handled properly can cause health problems for health workers in the hospital and for the patients and the community. Medical waste consists of hazardous waste and non - hazardous wastes include waste and hazardous waste infectious , disease, drugs , sharp tools, chemicals, toxic waste genetic and radioactive either non - hazardous waste fats included garbage and general daily waste of residues of food , materials , office and other.
The Role of Biochemical Parameters in Prediction of Retinal Diseases and their Relationship to Cataract, Diabetes, and Hypertension, in Ibn Al Haytham Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Huda H. Hassan  , Fayhaa M. Khaleel  , Khudair Abbas Jassim
Published: December 2021

This work summarize multiple protective roles serum Zeaxanthin, and Malondialdehyde, in association with metabolic profiles and as a risk of retinal disorder disease with cataract, diabetes, and hypertension, totally thirty healthy control group, and seventy-five patients group for both genders were studied. Retinal disorder disease subdivided after clinical diagnosis, into three major -subgroups, the first cohort was twenty-five patients suffers of cataract, the second twenty-five of diabetic patients, while the third group is twenty-five hypertensive patients. Lipid-profile, Fasting-insulin-levels, serum zeaxanthin and malondialdehyde, have been done to all groups. Important findings presented in the roles of serum zeaxanthin, and malondialdehyde, by similarities and differences, in retinal diseases with cataract, diabetes, and hypertension. The activity levels of serum zeaxanthin in hypertensive retinopathy patients (32.80±30.56 ng/mL), was non-significantly (P>0.01) reduced compared to healthy control (88.85±139.31 ng/mL), in compression with the same patients for serum malondialdehyde MDA which expressed the highest level of MDA (2.456±2.149 μg/mL) among the rest groups, which was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in control (0.783±0.937 μg/mL), but the differences were non-significant (P>0.05) compared to diabetic retinopathy group (1.839±1.515 μg/mL).The activity levels are negatively associated with malondialdehyde levels in retinal disease patients with cataract, diabetes, and hypertension. Retinal disease patients with cataract, diabetes, and hypertension pathogenesis aren’t legitimately ensured. But multiple protective roles may be adopted in clinical diagnosis of retina, also in response to higher levels of oxidative stress, including serum malondialdehyde, and zeaxanthin, by fasting at least eight hours pre sophisticated lens surgery.
A Comparative Study of Immunological and Molecular Techniques to Diagnose Human Cytomegalovirus in renal Failure Patients in Diyala Governor
Authors: Ibtihal Hameed Mohsin  , IbtesamBadday Hassan  , Mohammed Abdul Daim Saleh
Published: December 2021

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV)belongsto the herpes virus family, it has the ability to cause systemic infection and serious diseases in immunocompromised patients such as hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CMV infectionamonghemodialysis (HD) patients.. Renal failure is a condition in which the kidneys fail to remove metabolic end-products from the blood and regulate fluid, electrolytes and pH balance of extracellular fluids.Renal failure diesease is a wide dissemination among kidney patients inBa’quba City.Aim: the study was carried out toImmunological andMolecular detection of CMV among renal failure patients whom admitted to IbnSina Center for kidney Dialysis in Baquba Teaching Hospital .Patients and Methods: This study was conducted for the period from 1/12/2019 to 15/6/2020 in Baquba city in Iraq ,The study involved a total of 100 patients (62 males and 38 females) with kidney diseasewith ageand 50 healthy individuals considered as controls.First step includes Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) diagnosis in studied groupsbyEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique(ELISA) and second step was detection of Human Cytomegalovirus(HCMV) by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction.Results: The obtained results showed that HCMV antibody was detected in renal failure patients by ELISAIgG (100%) while IgM were (15.0%) . Also,Distribution Of Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in serum between patients with renal failure and control by using sensitive molecular techniques, The obtainedresults showed that the HCMV DNA was detected in (6 out of 45) or 6 % in patients, while in control group (0 out of 5) or 0.0 %.Also, the HCMV DNA was detected in males 1(16.66) %. while in females was 5(83.34) %, while in control group (0 out of 5) or 0.0 %. with highly precent differences was noticing among both sexes. These results showed the age group 60-70 showed the highest rate of infection among other groups.Conclusions: Real time PCR was rapid, sensitive and useful for diagnosing CMV infection in such patients.The results showed that Cytomegalovirus has relationship with chronic and acute renal failure and can affect the patient’s immune status. our results can provide an advanced diagnosis of viral infections among patients in hospitals in Iraq.
Study Some New Metallic Coordination Complexes and their Antibacterial Activity Against Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Nevein Nasser Abotreek  , Mohammed Ahmed Awad
Published: December 2021

The ligands were prepared by condensing aldehydes with aromatic amines, then they were held together with Ruthenium element Ru (III) and gold Au (III). Spectroscopic studies were conducted on them and demonstrated that the gold complex was a good conductor opposite to the ruthenium complex depending on its molar conductivity value. The complex was described by measuring the spectrum of FT. IR (C. MASS JV-VISIBLE and C.H.N). From spectroscopic data, the octahedral geometry of the ruthenium and Square Berner complex has been proposed for the gold ligands nodes. Furthermore, ligands and complexes have been selected for the activity of the methicillin-resistant golden cluster bacterium and the study of gene expression, i.e., the impact of ingested substances on RNA bacteria (MAR).
Influence of Tannin Extracts on Hematological and Production Properties of Male Rabbits Fed Mycotoxin Diets
Authors: Aseel Adnan Abdulhussein  , Mohammed Munis Dakheel
Published: December 2021

Tannins, as secondary metabolism of plant products, have several beneficial properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal capabilities. These features have been used by the industry to improve animal performance.Twenty-eight healthy local male rabbits were weighted (average 1382.7 g) the animals were divided regularly and equally into four groups, which contained control (fed basal diet), Mycotoxin group (fed contaminated diet), the third group was fed mycotoxinsdiets plus giving orally tannin extract (125 mg/ml), and the fourth treatment was given mycotoxinsdiets plus giving orally tannin extract (250 mg/ml).The results demonstrated that tannin extracts, both concentrations of either 125 or 250 mg/ml, caused considerable variations (p≤0.01) in weight growth when compared to the control or the mycotoxin group. The body weight of the groups, however, was unaffected by these concentrations. Furthermore, using these extracts on mycotoxin diets caused a change in the feed conversion ratio and feed intake among rabbit groups, with the tannin groups showing lower values than the others.On the other hand, when compared both groups, the mycotoxin and low dose of the tannin, with a high concentration of tannin extract, 250 mg/ml, revealed significant values in liver enzymes (ALT and AST). Additionally, the same treatment (250 mg/ml) significantly reduced creatinine and urea levels as compared to other groups.In conclusion, a high concentration of tannin extract, from black tea, showed beneficial effects on the productive trials, the biochemical properties in male rabbits that fed contaminated mycotoxin diets.
Tobacco Smoking as A Risk Factor in DNA Methylation of Repair Gene (MLH1) Using Cytobbrush from Lateral Border of the Tongue
Authors: Muayad Hashim Matloob  , Ameena Ryhan Diajil
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epigenetic effect in the process of oral carcinogenesis by screening the methylation of repair gene in chronic tobacco smokers. Material and Method: Study design: One hundred male volunteers, divided into two groups: the 1stgroup consisted of 58 smokers, each consumed 20 cigarettes/day for at least 10 years; and the 2nd group consisted of 48non-smokers who were consider as a control group.The samples were taking from lateral border of the tongue by exfoliative cytology, and the extracted DNA was treated with phenol-chloroform gDNA,Screening of methylation was done by Methyl Specific PCR (MSP).Results :- The results of this studyshowed significant effect of tobacco smoking in methylation of MLH1 gene in site 1in comparison to non-smoker group,(P > 0.05), with Odds ratio = 4.957 CI ().