bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repurposing FK506 to Increase BMPR2 Signaling and Improve Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Fast Track From Cells to People
Authors: Spiekerkoetter Edda , Zamanian Roham T.
Published: February 2019

To improve long-term survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), new treatment approaches that target occlusive vasculopathy instead of vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteries are necessary. Identifying genes or pathways that unify different pathologies and etiologies in PAH is a crucial first step for drug development. The bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) pathway, originally described as the cause of familial PAH, has gained significant interest over the past few years as a potential master switch in PAH, and therefore presents a promising treatment target in PAH. FK506 (tacrolimus) was found in a high-throughput screen of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs to significantly increase BMPR2 signaling. Low-dose FK506 was able to restore normal BMPR2 signaling and function in patient pulmonary artery (PA) endothelial cells, inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in PA smooth muscle cells, and prevent and reverse pulmonary hypertension (PH) in 3 experimental rodent models of PH. As an FDA-approved drug, it was possible to relatively quickly (in approximately 2 years) translate the basic science discoveries from the bench to the clinic. A Phase 2 proof-of-concept safety and tolerability trial is underway (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01647945) to evaluate the use of low-dose FK506 in PAH and to identify patients who might respond best to FK506 depending on their impairment in BMPR2 signaling.
Pathophysiologic Principles in the Management of Severe PAH
Authors: Granton John
Published: February 2019

In the face of tremendous advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and new treatment options, for many patients, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a progressive condition. The often-relentless reduction in the cross-sectional area of the pulmonary vasculature leads to progressive increase in right ventricular (RV) afterload. Although the right ventricle can adapt to an increase in afterload, progression of the pulmonary vasculopathy in PAH causes many patients to develop progressive RV failure.1 Alternately, for those with other forms of pulmonary hypertension, worsening lung disease or cardiac disease may destabilize the RV function. Acute RV decompensation may be triggered by disorders that lead to either an acute increase in cardiac demand (such as sepsis, surgery, or pregnancy), or an increase in ventricular afterload (such as an interruption in medical therapy or pulmonary embolism), or destabilization of a compensated RV (such as arrhythmia or volume overload). The poor reserve of the RV, RV ischemia, and adverse RV influence on left ventricular filling may lead to a global reduction in oxygen delivery and multi-organ failure.2 The goals of this article are to provide an approach to right heart failure in the context of an increase in its afterload. This article will focus on pathophysiologic principles on which to build an approach to medical therapies. Mechanical and surgical strategies will be the focus in the accompanying article by Dr de Perrot.
Sepsis and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the ICU
Authors: Chan Chee , Klinger James R.
Published: February 2019

The management of sepsis in the patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is dependent on 2 primary principles: 1) optimizing right ventricular (RV) function, and 2) reducing pulmonary vascular resistance. In this review, we will discuss the major challenges that health care providers face in trying to achieve these goals. We will start with an overview of normal RV function and modulators of pulmonary vascular tone. A general approach to managing RV failure and hemodynamic instability will be provided, along with a discussion of how modern therapies for the treatment of PAH can best be used in the setting of sepsis.
Interventional Therapies for Right Ventricular Failure Secondary to Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Machuca Tiago N. , de Perrot Marc
Published: February 2019

Patients with pulmonary hypertension that progress to acute decompensation present high mortality rates. The main mechanism of death in this population is right ventricular failure. Once this scenario becomes refractory to optimized medical therapies, mechanical support is increasingly considered as either a bridge to recovery or, most often, as a bridge to definitive surgical treatment (such as lung transplantation, surgical embolectomy, or pulmonary endarterectomy). This review will focus on the existing evidence on mechanical support for the failing right ventricle, all in the context of precapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Nanostructured Calcium-based Biomaterials and their Application in Drug Delivery
Authors: Yi Li-Juan , Li Jun-Feng , Ma Ming-Guo , Zhu Ying-Jie
Published: February 2019

In the past several decades, various types of nanostructured biomaterials have been developed.
These nanostructured biomaterials have promising applications in biomedical fields such as
bone repair, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene delivery, antibacterial agents, and bioimaging.
Nanostructured biomaterials with high biocompatibility, including calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite,
and calcium silicate, are ideal candidates for drug delivery. This review article is not intended to
offer a comprehensive review of the nanostructured biomaterials and their application in drug delivery
but rather presents a brief summary of the recent progress in this field. Our recent endeavors in
the research of nanostructured biomaterials for drug delivery are also summarized. Special attention
is paid to the synthesis and properties of nanostructured biomaterials and their application in drug
delivery with the use of typical examples. Finally, we discuss the problems and future perspectives
of nanostructured biomaterials in the drug delivery field.
The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in the Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Papagiannis Achilleas , Alkagiet Stelina , Tziomalos Konstantinos
Published: February 2019

Background:

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with increased risk
for hospitalization and all-cause mortality. Currently, there is no established treatment to improve the survival of
these patients. Aldosterone appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of HFpEF.

Objective:

To discuss the findings of studies that evaluated the effects of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists
on the outcome of patients with HFpEF.

Methods:

PubMed was searched for relevant papers. References of retrieved articles were also evaluated for
pertinent material.

Results:

Accumulating data suggest that MR antagonists might be useful in the management of patients with
HFpEF. However, existing evidence is limited and conflicting.

Conclusions:

More studies are needed to clearly define the therapeutic potential of MR antagonists in HFpEF.
Given the heterogeneity of this disease and the low specificity of the criteria used for its diagnosis, it is also important
to improve the definition of HFpEF and include appropriately selected patients in these studies.
The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Papademetriou Vasilios , Toumpourleka Maria , Imprialos Konstantinos P. , Alataki Sofia , Manafis Alexandros , Stavropoulos Konstantinos
Published: February 2019

Background:

Heart failure (HF) is a worldwide modern epidemic, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several causes have been identified for the syndrome, most of which share common pathophysiologic pathways, including neurohormonal activation. Central to the latter lies activation of the reninangiotensin- aldosterone system, and its effects on cardiovascular disease progression.

Objectives:

The aim of this review is to summarize the pathophysiology of aldosterone and the effects of its blockage in the failing heart, as well as to provide state-of-the-art evidence, and address future perspectives regarding the use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Method:

Literature was reviewed for studies that assess the pathophysiology of aldosterone in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and the effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) in this condition.

Results:

Several major society guidelines have synthesized the available evidence on HFrEF management, and drugs that block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system at different levels continue to form the key component of standard of care for these patients. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are an important part of HFrEF pharmacologic treatment, and their use is supported by a high level of evidence studies. This class of drugs demonstrated significant benefits for morbidity and mortality, across the spectrum oh HFrEF, including patients after acute myocardial infarction.

Conclusion:

Current evidence supports the central role of aldosterone in HFrEF progression, and the significant benefits on outcomes with the use of MRAs.
Pharmacophores Modeling in Terms of Prediction of Theoretical Physicochemical Properties and Verification by EXPERIMENTAL correlations of Carbacylamidophosphates (CAPh) and Sulfanylamidophosphates (SAPh) Tested as New Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Authors: Amirkhanov Vladimir , Rauf Abdur , Hadda Taibi Ben , Ovchynnikov Vladimir , Trush Viktor , Saleem Muhammad , Raza Muslam , Rehman Tayyeba , Zgou Hsaine , Shaheen Usama , Farghaly Thoraya A.
Published: February 2019

Background:

The function of Carbonic anhydrase is to facilitate the physiological process i.e. interconversion of CO2 to HCO3 - by hydration. Carbonic anhydrase enzyme plays a vital role in different physiological processes to regulate pH as well as regulate the inner environment of CO2 and secretion of electrolytes.

Methods:

Six representatives of amidophosphate derivatives (L1-L6) were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities against carbonic anhydrase enzyme.

Results:

Out of six derivatives, L1 (IC50 = 12.5 ± 1.35 µM), and L2 (IC50 = 3.12 ± 0.45 µM) showed potent activity against BCA-II. While (L3, L4 and L5) showed weak inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 24.5 ± 2.25, 55.5± 1.60, and 75.5 ± 1.25 µM, respectively and were found to be weak inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase as compared to acetazolamide (IC50 =0.12± 0.03µM), used as standard inhibitor. A computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT (POM/DFT) based model has been expanded for the determination of physicochemical parameters governing the bioactivity amidophosphate derivatives (L1-L6) containing (O1 --- O2) pharmacophore site. The six compounds (L1-L6) analyzed here were previously experimentally and now virtually screened for their anti-carbonic anhydrase activity.

:

A computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT (POM/DFT) based model has been expanded for the determination of physicochemical parameters governing the bioactivity amidophosphate derivatives (L1-L6) containing (O1 --- O2) pharmacophore site. The six compounds (L1-L6) analyzed here were previously experimentally and now virtually screened for their anti-carbonic anhydrase activity.

Conclusion:

The highest anti-carbonic anhydrase activity was obtained for compound L2, which exhibited excellent bioactivity (% of inhibition = 95%), comparable to acetazolamide (% of inhibition = 89%). The compound L3 represents increased activity as compared to its analogues (L4-L6). The increase of bioactivity from L3 to L4-L6 could be attributed to the presence of a minimum of steric effect of substituents of P=O moiety which plays a decisive template part in the organization of anti-carbonic anhydrase (O1---O2) phramacophore site. Moreover, it is inexpensive, has little side effects and possible inclusions in selective anti-carbonic anhydrase agents design.
Mycobacterial tuberculosis Enzyme Targets and their Inhibitors
Authors: Saxena Anil Kumar , Singh Anamika
Published: February 2019

Tuberculosis (TB) still continues to be a major killer disease worldwide. Unlike other bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has the ability to become dormant within the host and to develop resistance. Hence efforts are being made to overcome these problems by searching for new antitubercular agents which may be useful in the treatment of multidrug-(MDR) and extensively drugresistant (XDR) M. tuberculosis and shortening the treatment time. The recent introduction of bedaquiline to treat MDR-TB and XDR-TB may improve the status of TB treatment. The target enzymes in anti-TB drug discovery programs play a key role, hence efforts have been made to review the work on molecules including antiTB drugs acting on different enzyme targets including ATP synthase, the target for bedaquiline. Literature searches have been carried out to find the different chemical molecules including drugs and their molecular targets responsible for their antitubercular activities in recent years. This review provides an overview of the chemical structures with their antitubercular activities and enzyme targets like InhA, ATP synthase, Lip Y, transmembrane transport protein large (MmpL3), and decaprenylphospho-β-D-ribofuranose 2-oxidase, (DprE1). The major focus has been on the new target ATP synthase. Such an attempt may be useful in designing new chemical entities (NCEs) for specific and multi-drug targeting against Mtb.
Long-term Stabilization of Aqueous Doxycycline Formulations, in Mucoadhesive Hydrogels for Treatment of Oral Mucosal Conditions
Authors: Patlolla Venu G.R. , Holbrook William P. , Gizurarson Sveinbjorn , Kristmundsdottir Thordis
Published: February 2019

Background:

The main aim of this work was to develop stable (>2 years) doxycycline formulation,
at clinically relevant concentrations and using clinically relevant formulation. Doxycycline has a
MMP- inhibitory effects that is important for the treatment of various oral mucosal conditions. Therefore,
protecting doxycycline from degradation in aqueous formulation requires halting or prevention of oxidation
and epimerisation of the active compound.

Methods:

Stabilizing excipients were intuitively put together to enhance the stability as a cumulative effort.
A total of 30 hydrogels were compared with different types and concentrations of stability enhancing
excipients, pH, storage temperatures (4, 25 and 40°C) and mucoadhesive polymers. The duration of the
study was from day 1 and up to 58 months. The gelation temperature was adjusted below the actual body
temperature. The complexation efficiency between the doxycycline and HPβCD was studied using the
DSC, FTIR and XRPD.

Results:

The majority of formulations at 4°C were highly stable by the end of 58 months and their stabilities
were improved at all 3 temperatures.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, it is possible to prevent doxycycline from both oxidation and epimerization in
an aqueous formulation, for up to 5 years.
Treatment with Paracetamol is not Associated with Increased Airway Sensitivity and Risk of Asthma in Rats
Authors: Lacerda Ribeiro Marco Túlio , Paes Porto Hellen Karine , de Oliveira Daniel Fernandes , da Silva Castro Patrícia Ferreira , Rocha Matheus Lavorenti
Published: February 2019

Background:

Some studies have linked the use of paracetamol (PAR) with adverse effects like wheezing, exacerbation of asthma symptoms and other respiratory problems. Other studies are inconclusive or deny this correlation. This makes the association between PAR and airway hypersensitivity very controversial and still under debate.

Objective:

This work investigated if chronic treatment with PAR in rats could directly affect the contraction and relaxation for different stimulus in isolated airways.

Methods:

Rats were treated for 2 weeks with PAR (400 mg/Kg, v.o.). The blood was collected for biochemical analysis (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), TBARs reaction and glutathione) and isolated tracheal rings were prepared in organ bath to measure isometric tone after contractile and relaxant stimulus.

Results:

Hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST) and lipid peroxidation were increased after PAR-treatment, while glutathione was decreased. Rats do not present any alteration in airway myocytes responsiveness, either to contractile or relaxant stimulus (i.e. cholinergic agonist, membrane depolarization, Ca2+ influx across sarcolemma, internal Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum, Ca2+ channel blocking, β-agonist and NOmediating relaxation).

Conclusion:

Despite increased oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant defense, chronic treatment with PAR does not induce airway hypersensitivity or risk of asthma in rats.
Therapeutic Potential of Amniotic Fluid Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based on their Differentiation Capacity and Immunomodulatory Properties
Authors: Harrell Carl R. , Gazdic Marina , Fellabaum Crissy , Jovicic Nemanja , Djonov Valentin , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Volarevic Vladislav
Published: February 2019

Background:

Amniotic Fluid Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AF-MSCs) are adult, fibroblast- like, self-renewable, multipotent stem cells. During the last decade, the therapeutic potential of AF-MSCs, based on their huge differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory characteristics, has been extensively explored in animal models of degenerative and inflammatory diseases.

Objective:

In order to describe molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of AFMSCs, we summarized current knowledge about phenotype, differentiation potential and immunosuppressive properties of AF-MSCs.

Methods:

An extensive literature review was carried out in March 2018 across several databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar), from 1990 to present. Keywords used in the selection were: “amniotic fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells”, “cell-therapy”, “degenerative diseases”, “inflammatory diseases”, “regeneration”, “immunosuppression”. Studies that emphasized molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for AF-MSC-based therapy were analyzed in this review.

Results:

AF-MSCs have huge differentiation and immunosuppressive potential. AF-MSCs are capable of generating cells of mesodermal origin (chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes), neural cells, hepatocytes, alveolar epithelial cells, insulin-producing cells, cardiomyocytes and germ cells. AF-MSCs, in juxtacrine or paracrine manner, regulate proliferation, activation and effector function of immune cells. Due to their huge differentiation capacity and immunosuppressive characteristic, transplantation of AFMSCs showed beneficent effects in animal models of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of nervous, respiratory, urogenital, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system.

Conclusion:

Considering the fact that amniotic fluid is obtained through routine prenatal diagnosis, with minimal invasive procedure and without ethical concerns, AF-MSCs represents a valuable source for cell-based therapy of organ-specific or systemic degenerative and inflammatory diseases.
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) Genes Association in Type 1 Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Mihoubi Esma , Amroun Habiba , Raache Rachida , Bouldjennet Faiza , Meçabih Fethi , Azzouz Malha , Boudiba Aissa , Mahgoun Souad , Akachouche Malika , Salhi Nawel , Touil-Boukoffa Chafia , Abbadi Mohamed C. , Attal Nabila
Published: February 2019

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy is a common worldwide multifactorial disease where involvement of genetic factors is well etablished. The aim of this study was to investigate the HLA genes implication in the development of type 1 diabetic nephropathy.

Methods:

We performed a case- control study where one hundred and fifty subjects were examined. Patients were divided in two groups; with and without type 1 diabetic nephropathy. HLA typing was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Sequence Specific Oligonucleotide (PCR- SSO) method. HLA association to clinical phenotype and HLA haplotype analysis was also investigated.

Results:

HLA B*51 is increased in patients without type 1 diabetic nephropathy (7.14% vs. 0 %, P <0.05, OR= 0), however no other studied alleles seem to have any effect (all P>0.05). Haplotype analysis also does not reveal any significant association, however, A*02-B*18-DRB1*03-DQA1*05- DQB1*03 haplotype shows a tendency to be associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.05).

Conclusion:

These results suggest a protective effect of HLA B*51 allele from type 1 diabetic nephropathy. However, further studies are required in order to clarify its potential implication as a protective marker.
Parathyroid Hormone and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Event
Authors: Altay Hakan , Altın Cihan , Coner Ali , Muderrisoglu Haldun , Giray Semih
Published: February 2019

Background:

Increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is associated with coronary artery disease, hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy which are all predisposing factors for the ischemic cerebrovascular event (ICVE). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and aortic distensibility are the two early, subclinical predictors of atherosclerosis. The relation of PTH with CIMT and aortic distensibility in patients with ICVE has not been previously studied.

Objective:

Our aim was to study the relationship of PTH levels with aortic distensibility and CIMT in patients with ICVE.

Methods:

Sixty-four ICVE patients and 50 control group were enrolled in the study. PTH levels, aortic distensibility and CIMT were measured in all individuals.

Results:

PTH levels were significantly higher in ICVE patients than in the controls (60.1±21.6 vs. 52.3±6.2 pg/ml) (p=0. 008). PTH levels were found to be inversely correlated with aortic distensibility (r= -0. 420, p=0.001) and positively correlated with CIMT (r:0, 285, p=0,002).

Conclusion:

The present study shows that PTH levels are increased in patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular event compared to the control group. It also demonstrates that PTH levels are inversely related to aortic distensibility of ascending aorta and positively associated with CIMT.
Withdrawn: Effect of Fractions of Vernonia amygdalina on Some Biochemical Parameters in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Authors: Egedigwe-Ekeleme Chima A. , Ijeh Ifeoma I. , Okafor Polycarp N. , Eleazu Chinedum O. , Egedigwe Uchenna O.
Published: February 2019

Bentham Science has decided to withdraw this article from the journal in accordance with BSP Editorial Policies and apologizes to its readers for any inconvenience this may cause.

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article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Experience Assessment of Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Substance Use Among Shahroud University Students by Crosswise Model Estimation –The Alarm to Families
Authors: Vakilian Katayon , Keramat Afsaneh , Mousavi Seyyes Abass , Chaman Reza
Published: February 2019

Background

In this study, we considered to determine the estimation of experience of substance use, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking among Iranian students, using the crosswise model estimation.

Methods

The Cross-sectional study was done in November 2012 to February 2013. A total of 1500 students were selected from Shahroud Universities, using multistage sampling. Three pairs of questions were designed, based on the crosswise model, and the questionnaire was presented to the students after written consent forms were obtained. Data were analyzed using Ch2, t-test and crosswise test.

Results

The Mean ±SD age of girls was 20.26±1.49 vs boys 20.32±1. 575. Based on the findings, the prevalence of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and substance abuse among students was 20%, 33%, and 7%, respectively.

Conclusion

Considering the high prevalence of drug use among Iranian students and the unbiased design of this study, it is suggested that the necessary skills be incorporated and introduced in the school curriculum for students at primary schools.
EMPLOYEE VOICE SCALE: IS THERE A NEED OF RECONSIDERATION OF DIMENSIONS?
Authors: BEGUM Samina , ÇAKAR Ulaş
Published: February 2019

Aim: This study critically reviews the employee voice literature and demonstrate the shift of voice arrangement from employee-oriented to organizational-oriented.Methods: The previous researches and theories concerning management and employee voice were examined, and a conceptual framework of different phases of the flow of employee voice in an organization was developed. The scales adapted to measure employee voice since 1983 to 2015 were scrutinized.Findings: The finding shows that the scales used in literature are fundamentally measuring the Traditional Employee Voice (TEV), which lacks the ability to cover the overall dimensions of the Modern Employee Voice (MEV).

Results: The result shows that the TEV is one-way communication process while the MEV is two-way communication process. The effect of this result on future studies was evaluated.
Current Trends in Student Assessment Practices and Their Underlying Philosophy
Authors: Bikos Georgios
Published: February 2019

fter we explain, initially, the differences between assessing the learning process and assessing a student’s performance, we analyse all the parameters on the basis of which a student and his/her performance are assessed. Finally, we present and evaluate all current trends that modernise the assessment methods and techniques related to the learning process and student performance, and also stress the basic logic and philosophy that govern these new approaches and also the points that make them different from what was applied in the field of student assessment until recently.
DANO MORAL COLETIVO DECORRENTE DA PRÁTICA DE ATO DE IMPROBIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA
Authors: Remedio José Antonio , Martins Gustavo Aurélio
Published: February 2019

A presente pesquisa tem por objeto analisar a relação existente entre o dano moral coletivo e a improbidade administrativa. O Estado brasileiro está envolto em diversas investigações de corrupção administrativa, que apontam para o desvio de valores públicos astronômicos, com a participação de toda sorte de pessoas, inclusive agentes políticos e pessoas jurídicas. A Constituição Federal de 1988 incluiu a moralidade administrativa como princípio do Estado Democrático de Direito, visando proteger a sociedade de condutas abusivas do agente público. A Lei 8.429/92 trata, entre outras questões, das cominações aplicáveis aos responsáveis por atos de improbidade administrativa. O dano moral está previsto nos incisos V e X do art. 5º da Constituição Federal. O ressarcimento ao erário é uma das cominações legais previstas no caso de prática de improbidade administrativa. Havendo lesão a direito, a reparação do dano deverá ser integral, incluindo tanto os danos materiais como os danos morais. O objetivo do trabalho é verificar em que consiste e se é cabível a reparação do dano moral coletivo nos casos de prática de atos de improbidade administrativa. O método utilizado na pesquisa é o dedutivo, com base na legislação, doutrina e jurisprudência.
A ARGUMENTAÇÃO JUDICIAL PELO STF EM CASOS DE DISCRIMINAÇÕES POSITIVAS EM LEIS TRABALHISTAS
Authors: Silvério Vinícius Gabriel
Published: February 2019

Como fito principal do presente estudo pretende-se analisar as vertentes que sustentam a argumentação jurídica da Corte maior do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, evidenciando o conflito de princípios fundamentais em matéria trabalhista, especificamente no que diz respeito à criação de discriminações positivas em razão do gênero no ordenamento jurídico trabalhista, passando sobre suas adversidades e principais motivos para continuar vigorando ou não frente o seguimento da teoria de Ronald Dworkin.
POSSÍVEIS CONFLITOS ENTRE DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS DECORRENTES DA AUTORIZAÇÃO ADMINISTRATIVA DO NOME E SEXO NO ASSENTO DE REGISTRO CIVIL DE TRANSGÊNEROS
Authors: Porfírio de Castro Vieira Danilo , Battaglia Custódio Marta
Published: February 2019

O STF entendeu ser possível alterar nome e sexo, mediante averbação no registro civil, independentemente de cirurgia de transgenitalização ou de ação judicial, em decisão proferida em março de 2018, na Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 4.275, que modificou a interpretação do artigo 58 da Lei 6.015/1973. Este artigo versa sobre o confronto entre diferentes direitos de personalidade e a insegurança jurídica gerada pela decisão do STF. O tema central é discutir como ficam os vínculos jurídicos com terceiros que produziam efeitos no momento da mudança de nome e sexo e como se resolverão os casos em que houver conflitos com direitos fundamentais de outras pessoas. Como objetivos específicos, serão abordadas as origens, finalidade e legislação dos registros públicos e o direito ao esquecimento, por meio de um trabalho descritivo e exploratório de caráter qualitativo, com base em fontes doutrinárias e documentais.
MIGRAÇÃO VENEZUELANA E PODER LOCAL EM RORAIMA
Authors: CAMARGO DANIELA ARGUILAR , Hermany Ricardo
Published: February 2019

O aprofundamento da crise venezuelana desencadeou uma onda migratória dos seus nacionais para países vizinhos. O fluxo migratório e o aumento na demanda de pedidos de refúgio ocasionam uma sobrecarga nos serviços públicos de todas as áreas institucionais. Assim, o Princípio da Subsidiariedade merece destaque, pois se caracteriza em medidas de incentivo de cooperação entre os entes federativos. A estratégia metodológica dedutiva e bibliográfica inicia pela compreensão da crise humanitária, para posteriormente analisar o Brasil como local de refúgio e, após apontar a subsidiariedade e cooperação como estratégia para a recepção deste fluxo, sem prejuízo das demais políticas sociais existentes.
Societal problem solver or deficient discipline? The debate about social science in the online public sphere
Authors: Huber Brigitte , Wetzstein Irmgard , Aichberger Ingrid
Published: February 2019

This study uses the online discourse surrounding an Austrian publicly-funded study about “Islamic kindergartens” as a case study to approach communication about the social sciences in the online public sphere. Results from a discourse analysis of 937 user comments in online forums of two Austrian daily newspapers show that the social sciences are often referred to as a “special case”. While some use this argument to neglect its societal relevance, others use it to highlight its role as societal problem solver. Moreover, users discuss characteristics of “true” social scientists and scrutinise the independence of institutionalised social science.
Military Malthusianism and the strategic partnership in the FX-2 program
Authors: Brustolin Vitelio Marcos , Pedone Luiz , Castello Branco Martin Cesar
Published: February 2019

Jurgen Brauer and Paul Dunne detect in Military Malthusianism a vulnerability in the occurrence of offsets. This vulnerability is perceived from the fact that the unit cost of large arms systems increases faster than government budget revenues. One of the consequences of this fact is the governments’ search for greater economic efficiency through the globalization of the production and acquisition of arms. If in one hand this theory affirms that we will see more and more unconventional conflicts, on the other it justifies the construction of strategic partnerships in the production of weapons systems, such as the Brazil-Sweden Strategic Partnership, under the FX-2 Program. Thus, this article seeks to evaluate the presence of Military Malthusianism in the Brazilian case, the compliance of the Brazil-Sweden Strategic Partnership with the National Defense Strategy (END, in Portuguese), and analyzes the role of this Partnership in the FX-2 Program.
TECHNIQUES AND QUALITY OF 'CIVIL WAR: WHOSE SIDE ARE YOU ON?' COMIC TRANSLATION
Authors: Barezzi Rifqi Hanif , Nababan MR , Santosa Riyadi
Published: February 2019

The objectives of this study were to know the translation techniques and the assessment translation quality of Marvel comic series entitled Civil War: Whose Side Are You? (Part 1 and 2) in terms of accuracy, acceptability, and readability. This was a descriptive qualitative research and focusing on a single case as well as holistic research involving documents, i.e: the original and the translation books as the objective data and informants who gave assesment on the quality of the translation. The techniques of collecting data were document analysis, questionnaire distribution, and focus grup discussion. Total sampling was applied in this research. The research findings show that there were 12 types of translation techniques applied by the translator, namely established equivalent, borrowing, variation, modulation, explication, discursive creation, literal translation, reduction, transposition, addition, adaptation, and implication. The impact of the application of those techniques toward the translation quality was good enough. The scores indicate that the translation has good quality in terms of accuracy, acceptability, and readability. It also shows that background of the translators influenced the techniques chosen.
PERSUASIVE HEDGING STRATEGIES BETWEEN NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE AUTHORS OF ENGLISH JOURNAL ARTICLES
Authors: Aditama Madya Giri
Published: February 2019

Writing journal articles is the most scientific way to publish new research to public. Authorsâ€™ strategies to convince the readers are important to show their stance and viewpoint on the research. This study compares the strategies chosen by native and non-native English authors of journal articles in hedging their stances. The data were hedging strategies written in 50 randomly selected international journal articles, 25 of which were written by native English authors and 25 others by the non-natives. The result shows some differences in the use of hedges. Native authors show higher frequency in the use of writer-oriented hedges whereas non-native authorsÂ  had higher frequency in reader-oriented hedges. This study also finds authorsâ€™ styles to persuade the readers.
Ocena zmian liczby pracujących na obszarach wiejskich województwa mazowieckiego
Authors: Adamczyk Piotr
Published: February 2019

Celem opracowania była ocena zmian liczby pracujących na obszarach wiejskich województwa mazowieckiego. Wykorzystując metodę przesunięć udziałów, dokonano dekompozycji tempa zmian liczby pracujących w poszczególnych powiatach na efekty strukturalne i konkurencyjne. Analiza dotyczyła lat 2006–2016. Stwierdzono, że wzrost liczby pracujących w większości powiatów województwa mazowieckiego to przede wszystkim efekt poprawy konkurencyjności gospodarki lokalnej. W jednostkach charakteryzujących się dużym udziałem sektora rolniczego w strukturze pracujących tempo zmian było relatywnie małe.
Zmiany cen skupu podstawowych produktów rolnych jako wskaźnik stabilizacji krajowych rynków rolnych objętych interwencją rynkową
Authors: Smoliński Paweł
Published: February 2019

Celem artykułu była ocena konstrukcji stosowanego wskaźnika stabilizacji rynków rolnych w Polsce podlegających interwencji rynkowej, który oparto na zmianach średniorocznych krajowych cen skupu podstawowych produktów rolnych, a także obliczenie i analiza wartości tego wskaźnika w latach 2004–2017. Analiza wykazała, że z powodu znacznej zależności krajowych cen skupu od cen w innych krajach Unii Europejskiej wskaźnik ten może być wykorzystywany do oceny działalności instytucji interwencyjnej w Polsce po uwzględnieniu wpływu cen unijnych na rynek krajowy.
Performance optimization of an air-breathing PEM fuel cell
Authors: Akyalçın Levent
Published: February 2019

In this study, Taguchi?s experimental design is used to determine the optimum component combination of a membrane electrode assembly and cathode current collector opening geometry to obtain maximum power density of an airbreathing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell at 0.5 V. An analysis of variance was conducted to figure out the optimum levels and significant differences of the effect of the combinations, followed by a performance measurement analysis. Experimental investigations of the effecting parameters enabled the determination of the optimum configuration of the MEA and cathode current collector opening geometry design parameters for maximum power density at a certain cell potential. Effective parameters which enable withdrawal of a maximum power output from an ABPEMFC at 0.5 V are, in order of effectiveness: the amount of platinum on the cathode, the thickness of the Nafion membrane, the cathode current collector opening geometry, and the amount of platinum on the anode. Optimum component combinations are: 0.45 mgPt cm?2 for the platinum loading on the cathode, Nafion 112 for membrane, a vertical cathode opening geometry and 1.78 mg cm?2 for the amount of platinum on the anode. For these component combinations, a 98.5 mW cm?2 power output was obtained from an ABPEMFC at 0.5 V cell voltage.
Erratum: Application of an electronegative gas as a third component of the working gas in the Geiger-Muller counter
Authors: Editorial E
Published: February 2019

Editorial Board of the Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection
journal regrets to in form the audience of the journal that in the list
of authors of the article APPLICATION OF AN ELECTRONEGATIVE GAS AS A
THIRD COMPONENT OF THE WORKING GAS IN THE GEIGER-MULLER COUNTER by
Luka S. PERAZIC, Cedomir I. BELIC, and Dalibor B. ARBUTINA published in the
Vol. 33 (2018), 3, pp. 268-274, was made a mistake concerning the third
author''s name. It should be as follows: Dalibor S. ARBUTINA Editorial
Board offers an apology for this mistake to Mr. Dalibor S. Arbutina and
the readers of the Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection journal.

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/NTRP1803268P
Clinical characteristic and management of elderly patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Dejanovic Jadranka , Ivanov Igor , Popov Tanja , Cankovic Milenko , Vulin Aleksandra , Obradovic Dusanka , Ivanovic Vladimir , Stojsic-Milosavljevic Anastazija
Published: February 2019

Introduction/Objective. Population of elderly people is increasing and modern medicine is faced with the problem of large morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in this age group. Modern treatment strategies have not been sufficiently investigated in the elderly, therefore these people often receive suboptimal treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical characteristic, cardiac risk factors, management strategies and early outcome in the elderly patient with ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods. This retrospective study included 217 consecutive patients, aged ? 70 years (mean age 77.6 ? 4.9 years, 103 men, 114 women) with STEMI admitted to the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina. We have analyzed patients? clinical characteristics, risk factors, left ventricular function and treatment strategies in relation to in-hospital outcome. Results. First clinical symptom was chest pain in 209 (96.3%) of patients. On admission, 35 (16.1%) patients were with severe signs of heart failure (Killip class III?IV). Duration of symptom onset to hospital admission was 14.7 ? 28.6 hours. Out of 217 patients, 168 (77.4%) patients received reperfusion treatment, including primary percutaneous coronary ntervention (PPCI) in 164 (75.6%) patients, and fibrinolytic therapy in 4 (1.8%) patients. Hospital mortality was 26.3% (57 patients). PPCI was univariate predictor of lower in-hospital mortality, whereas multivariate predictors of in-hospital mortality were cardiogenic shock (OR 67.095; 95% CI (6.845?657.646); p < 0.001) and low ejection fraction (OR 0.901; 95% CI (0.853?0.963); p = 0.001). Conclusion. In elederly patients presenting with STEMI, PPCI was asscoiated with lower mortality, whereas cardiogenic shock and lower ejection fraction were independent predictors of worse prognosis after STEMI.
Work-related stress among primary healthcare workers
Authors: Ilic Radovan , Popovic Jovana , Markovic Vladan , Nemec Vesna , Milosevic Milos
Published: February 2019

Background/Aim. There are data on an increased stress level in primary health care workers. The aim of this paper was to investigate the state of stress among employees in the field of primary health care in order to identify the factors that most affect stress and groups that are particularly susceptible to stress. Methods. The study was conducted using a sample of 95 health care workers in the field of primary health care. Data were collected through an anonymous survey consisting of two parts. The first part of the survey included questions related to the characteristics of the workplace and professional and socio-demographic characteristics of the employees. The second part of the survey was based on the Behavioral Health Concepts (BHC) stress test, which is used to estimate the adaptation to stress across four dimensions: overall assessment, quality of life assessment, symptomatology, and level of functioning. Results. Although the total number of respondents fell under the group of moderate stress (mean = 3.97), using descriptive statistical analysis, it was discovered that, 4.2% of the respondents had an increased level of stress. The variance analysis demonstrated that there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.00) between the effects of educational variables (F = 11.68), workplace (F = 14.07) and work time (F = 9.16) on overall stress. Significant interaction between variables workplace and work time was also found [F (2.72) = 3.22; p < 0.046]. Conclusion. Primary health care employees have an increased level of stress, which depends on both the working conditions and the personal characteristics of the employees.
Corelation between somatic complaints, personality traits and positivity
Authors: Petrovic Vesna , Zuljevic Dragan , Knezevic Zorica
Published: February 2019

Background/Aim. Many recent studies have focused on investigation the differences in personality traits and its role in promoting health and in moderating vulnerability to adversities and illness. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of somatic complaints in moderating the relation-ship between personality traits operationalized in Cybernetic Battery of Conative Tests (KON-6) model and positivity. Methods. The sample consisted of 512 students, 23.83 years old in average, 56.3% were female, 23% reported the presence of somatic complaints. In investigation, the Positivity Scale measuring positivity and the KON-6 measuring the activity of 6 dynamic personality traits ? activity regulation system (?), organic function regulation system (?), defense reactions regulation system (?), attack regulation sys-tem (?), homeostatic system coordination(?) and regulation system integration (?) were used. Results. All of the conative personality traits were significantly correlated with positivity, except for ?. The subsample with somatic complaints reported higher scores in ? and ? traits, suggesting higher levels of anxiety and social reality impairment. The personality traits together with presence of somatic complaints significantly explained 26% of positivity variance, positively predicting positivity with higher activity of ?, and negatively with higher activity of ? and ?. The moderating role of somatic complaints was found in two specific relations. Positivity can be predicted in a reverse manner by homeostatic system coordination (?) but only in students with low somatic complaints, which was also the case for organic function regulation system (?) but only in the presence of high somatic complaints. Conclusion. The positivity represents a good organizational and regulation disposition for regulating the cognitive, dynamic and motoric functions. It is also partially moderated by presence of somatic complaints. Practical benefit of these findings represents a concrete support for developing positivity in people, in order to empower people?s health.
Influential Observations and Inference in Accounting Research
Authors: Leone Andrew J. , Minutti-Meza Miguel , Wasley Charles E.
Published: February 2019

Accounting studies often encounter observations with extreme values that can influence coefficient estimates and inferences. Two widely used approaches to address influential observations in accounting studies are winsorization and truncation. While expedient, both depend on researcher-selected cutoffs, applied on a variable-by-variable basis, which, unfortunately, can alter legitimate data points. We compare the efficacy of winsorization, truncation, influence diagnostics (Cook's Distance), and robust regression at identifying influential observations. Replication of three published accounting studies shows that the choice impacts estimates and inferences. Simulation evidence shows that winsorization and truncation are ineffective at identifying influential observations. While influence diagnostics and robust regression both outperform winsorization and truncation, overall, robust regression outperforms the other methods. Since robust regression is a theoretically appealing and easily implementable approach based on a model's residuals, we recommend that future accounting studies consider using robust regression, or at least report sensitivity tests using robust regression.

JEL Classifications: C12; C13; C18; C51; C52; M41.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
The Information Content from Releases of the Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance
Authors: Finley Andrew R. , Ribal Anthony
Published: February 2019

We examine the extent to which deferred tax valuation allowance (VA) releases—a discretionary accounting judgment that increases net income based on estimated future tax benefit realizations—are predictive of future earnings. We first find that profitable firms releasing at least a portion of a full VA have higher subsequent earnings relative to a control group that maintains a full VA. These results vary depending on firms' cumulative profitability in recent years and suggest some firms appear to rely on historical fact patterns rather than estimations of future profitability to justify the VA release. In additional analysis, we observe that among firms lacking cumulative profits in recent years, VA releasers generate higher subsequent abnormal returns than VA maintainers, suggesting investors are not timely responding to the information content from the VA release decision.
Types of Clubs
Authors: Barrows Clayton , Robinson Michael
Published: February 2019

Clubs come in so many different types and forms, that it becomes necessary to classify them, much the way we do with hotels. Hotels may be classified by size (number of guest rooms), service level (economy to luxury), price (based on average rate), location, etc. Clubs are classified in a slightly different way. When we discuss the types of clubs that exist, we can do so in six different ways:
1 By primary activity/location
2 By clientele
3 Equity/nonequity
4 Size (by number of members, gross volume, or initiation fee)
5 By ownership
6 Tax status