bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reuni na UTFPR: a história contada por quem a escreveu
Authors: Ortiz dos Santos Cidmar , Zander Tatiane Marisa Marafigo , Bondarik Roberto , Pilatti Luiz Alberto
Published: April 2022

A s universidades federais são verdadeiras fábricas do conhecimento. Das 50 instituições brasileiras com maior número de trabalhos científicos publicados na segunda metade da década de 2010, 36 são de universidades federais (ESCOBAR, 2019). Essas instituições, ao lado de outras instituições públicas estaduais e de pesquisa, formam um conjunto de 49 instituições responsáveis por mais de 90% da produção científica de todo o Brasil (BARBIERO et al., 2019; ESCOBAR, 2019). Patrimônio da sociedade brasileira, as universidades federais, com mais de 300 campi, estão presentes em todas as unidades de federação (BARBIERO et al., 2019) de um país em que quase 27 milhões de pessoas vivem em condições de pobreza (FUNDAÇÃO GETÚLIO VARGAS, 2021). Muito além de simples produtora de conhecimento, as universidades federais fazem parte uma política social robusta que forma profissionais, docentes, pesquisadores e cidadãos, em alguns casos, há cerca de um século (BARBIERO et al., 2019). Com o Reuni, existia uma UTFPR antes do programa, uma instituição recém-transformada de um Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Paraná (CEFET-PR), e outra depois, uma das dez maiores universidades federais do Brasil. O presente livro conta um pouco dessa história de sucesso da educação brasileira, dando voz para atores privilegiados na implantação do programa. Dar voz para esses atores significa clarificar um processo que quase sempre é invisível e se perde com o tempo.
Mối liên quan giữa nồng độ HBsAg, tải lượng DNA và kiểu gen của vi rút viêm gan B trên người bệnh viêm gan B ở Việt Nam
Authors: Dung Bùi Thị Thu , Thiển Đoàn Hữu , Huyền Trần Thị Trang , Hường Vũ Thị Thu
Published: April 2022

Nghiên cứu thực hiện nhằm mục đích khảo sát mối liên quan giữa nồng độ HBsAg, tải lượng HBV DNA vàcác kiểu gen của vi rút viêm gan B (HBV) trong huyết thanh người nhiễm HBV ở Việt Nam. Thiết kế nghiêncứu mô tả cắt ngang thực hiện trên 480 mẫu huyết thanh thu thập từ người bị nhiễm vi rút viêm gan B tạibệnh viện Việt Đức từ tháng 10/2019 đến 10/2020. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra kiểu gen phổ biến phân lậpđược là kiểu gen B, C và một dạng đồng nhiễm hai kiểu gen B/C với tỉ lệ lần lượt là 36,88% (177/480),4,79% (23/480) và 2,92% (14/480). Sử dụng thuật toán Mann - Whitney chúng tôi nhận thấy tải lượng HBVDNA cao hơn ở kiểu gen đồng nhiễm B/C hoặc ở kiểu gen C so với kiểu gen B (p < 0,01); có mối tươngquan đồng biến chặt chẽ giữa nồng độ HBsAg và HBV DNA với hệ số tương quan Spearman r = 0,76 (p< 0,001). Do đó nồng độ HBsAg có thể là một trong những dấu ấn sinh học để theo dõi tình trạng nhiễmviêm gan B ở cộng đồng.
Tình hình đề kháng kháng sinh trên các tác nhân gây bệnh tại ba bệnh viện thuộc tỉnh Khánh Hòa, 2020
Authors: Vy Dương Nữ Tường , Thuận Nguyễn Đắc , Tuấn Đoàn Đức , Kỷ Nguyễn Lương , Dung Nguyễn Thu , Châu Nguyễn Đức Thanh , Hương Nguyễn Thị Diệu
Published: April 2022

Kháng kháng sinh là mối đe dọa sức khỏe cộng đồng trên toàn thế giới. Trong đó Việt Nam là một trongnhững quốc gia phải chứng kiến mối đe dọa ngày càng tăng của kháng kháng sinh. Nghiên cứu trên 574hồ sơ bệnh án của bệnh nhân đã xuất viện năm 2020 tại 03 bệnh viện thuộc tỉnh Khánh Hòa, nhằm mô tảtình hình đề kháng kháng sinh trên các tác nhân gây bệnh. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn bệnh việnchiếm 4%, các yếu tố nguy cơ gây mắc nhiễm khuẩn bệnh viện bao gồm: Nhóm tuổi, thời gian nằm việnvà thủ thuật xâm lấn (p < 0,05). Vi khuẩn phân lập được tại Bệnh viện đa khoa (BVĐK) tỉnh Khánh Hòa vàNinh Hòa: E. coli chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (28,1% và 30,2%), thấp nhất là Acinetobacter spp (2,3%). BVĐK khuvực Cam Ranh Enterobacter spp chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (42,9%) và thấp nhất là Acinetobacter spp (14,3%).Tại 3 bệnh viện, Acinetobacter spp kháng 100% với đa số các loại kháng sinh. Tuy nhiên, tại BVĐK khu vực Ninh Hòa và Cam Ranh Acinetobacter spp nhạy với Amikacine, Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin. E. coli: Kháng > 70% với Ampicillin và nhóm Cephalosporin thế hệ 3; nhạy > 92% với Amikacin và nhóm Carbapenem.
Thực trạng vệ sinh phòng học tại trường Trung học cơ sở Phụng Châu, huyện Chương Mỹ, Hà Nội năm 2019
Authors: Diễm Nguyễn Thị Hồng , Nga Nguyễn Huy , Thăng Chu Văn , Thúy Chử Phương
Published: April 2022

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang tại trường Trung học cơ sở Phụng Châu, huyện Chương Mỹ, Hà Nội năm2019, nhằm mục tiêu mô tả thực trạng điều kiện vệ sinh phòng học nhằm phòng chống mắc các bệnh học đường ở học sinh trung học cơ sở. Kết quả cho thấy điều kiện vệ sinh phòng học tại trường Trung học cơ sở Phụng Châu, huyện Chương Mỹ, Hà Nội đạt hầu hết các tiêu chí về vệ sinh phòng học theo quy định,tuy nhiên vẫn còn có một số tiêu chí chưa đạt tiêu chuẩn. Có 100% phòng học đạt diện tích trung bình cho học sinh và bảng viết đạt tiêu chuẩn; hệ số chiếu sáng tự nhiên phòng học đáp ứng yêu cầu đạt 88,2%;tuy nhiên tỷ lệ phòng học có hiệu số bàn ghế và độ rọi chiếu sáng nhân tạo chưa đạt yêu cầu còn khá cao,lần lượt chiếm 41,8 và 23,5%, chỉ có 29,4% phòng học sử dụng loại bàn ghế cho học sinh đạt chuẩn. Nhàtrường cần đầu tư cải thiện điều kiện vệ sinh phòng học đạt tiêu chuẩn, đặc biệt quan tâm đến điều kiệntrang bị bàn ghế và ánh sáng nhân tạo cho học sinh.
Đặc điểm vi khuẩn học và tỷ lệ kháng kháng sinh ở bệnh nhân nhiễm trùng đường mật cấp tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, 2019 - 2020
Authors: Long Nguyễn Công , Quang Tăng Đình
Published: April 2022

Vi khuẩn phát triển trong đường mật có thể dẫn tới tình trạng viêm đường mật cấp. Mục tiêu trong nghiên cứu này của chúng tôi là mô tả đặc điểm vi khuẩn tại đường mật khi cấy dịch mật và tình trạng kháng kháng sinh ở những bệnh nhân chụp mật tụy ngược dòng có viêm đường mật cấp tính. Tổng số 70 bệnh nhân được cấy dịch mật, có 44 (62,9%) trường hợp dương tính, vi khuẩn hay gặp nhất là E. coli và Klebsiella lần lượt là 41,3% và 26,1%. Trong kháng sinh đồ của các vi khuẩn phân lập được thì nhóm kháng sinh Vancomycin có tỷ lệ kháng thấp nhất là 8,3%. Không nên sử dụng các kháng sinh nhóm Quinolon và nhóm Cephalosporin để làm phác đồ điều trị ban đầu khi chưa có kết quả kháng sinh đồ vì tỷ lệ kháng cao.
SÜREÇ ESNEKLİĞİ SİSTEMLERİNDE OPERASYONEL MALİYETLERE DAYALI SİSTEM TASARIMI OPTİMİZASYONU
Authors: İBİŞ Merve , ÇİMEN Mustafa , SOYSAL Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, süreç esnekliği varsayımında farklı esneklik yapılarının işletmelerde üretim-envanter kararlarını ve ilgili operasyonel maliyetleri nasıl etkilediğini incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, süreç esnekliği probleminde optimal sistem tasarımı kararlarının bulunması ve bu kararların envanter maliyetleriyle ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında; planlama ufku boyunca envanter maliyetlerini ve esneklik yatırımlarının amortismanını içeren problem, karma tam sayılı doğrusal programlama ile modellenerek çözülmüştür. Bulgular: Sunulan model kullanılarak, optimum envanter, üretim ve sistem tasarımı kararları verilmiştir ve planlama ufku boyunca karşılık gelen maliyetler hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan analizler çalışmada sunulan modelden elde edilen optimal tasarımın, literatürde geleneksel esneklik tasarımları içerisinde en düşük ortalama maliyetleri sağlayan ikili zincir tasarımından dâhi daha iyi sonuç verdiğini göstermiştir. Özgünlük: Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, bu çalışma literatürde envanter ve yatırım maliyetlerini içeren ve optimal esneklik tasarımlarını operasyonel maliyetler açısından değerlendiren ilk çalışmadır.
ENERGY PRODUCTIVITY, ENERGY DEPENDENCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EXTENDED EUROPE
Authors: KETENCİ Natalya , SEVENCAN Ayşe
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Energy is used in all areas of production and is crucial for economic growth. This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship between energy productivity, economic growth, and energy use in 35 European countries, for the period of 1990-2015.
Methodology: European countries are divided into two groups, namely developed and developing economies. To account for structural breaks, a panel cointegration test that allows for multiple structural breaks is applied to two groups of countries.
Findings: Multiple breaks are found by the Westerlund (2006) test in the group of emerging countries, suggesting that energy policies within Europe should differ by country. Structural breaks in emerging European economies suggest that these countries are more fragile to both external and internal shocks. The results of the study also show that economic growth in developing countries increases energy dependency, while economic growth in developed European countries causes an increase in energy efficiency.
Originality: This study aims to enrich the literature in two aspects. First, it analyzes energy dependence and efficiency at the same time. Secondly, it examines developed and developing European countries in two separate sub-samples by observing structural breaks in the relationship between energy dependence, energy efficiency and growth.
AFIKS PEMBENTUK VERBA BAHASA KONJO: KAJIAN DESKRIPTIF STRUKTURAL
Authors: Andriyani Asra Andi , Talib Jihad , Asdar Asdar
Published: April 2022

Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan afiks yang berfungsi sebagai pembentuk verba bahasa Konjo, distribusi afiks pembentuk verba bahasa Konjo dan makna afiks pembentuk verba bahasa Konjo. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif yang ditempuh melalui tiga tahap, yaitu (1) tahap pengumpulan data, (2) tahap analisis data, (3) tahap penyajian hasil analisis data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik elisitasi, analisis dokumentasi, pencatatan tambahan, dan introspeksi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik urai unsur terkecil yaitu mengurai suatu satuan lingual tertentu atas unsur-unsur terkecilnya. Penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode formal dan metode informal.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa afiks pembentuk verba bahasa Konjo meliputi tiga jenis afiks, yaitu prefiks, sufiks, dan konfiks. Afiks tersebut berdistribusi dengan morfem dasar atau stem dasar nomina, verba, numeralia, dan adjektiva. Pendistribusian afiks pembentuk verba bahasa Konjo dapat membentuk fungsi dan makna afiks baik secara derivasional dan infleksional.
FILOSOFI HANACARAKA BAHASA JAWA SUATU KAJIAN ETNOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Dian Ikawati Susilo Catharina , Indira Dian
Published: April 2022

Hanacaraka (baca: honocoroko) merupakan aksara yang digunakan oleh penutur Jawa. Hanacaraka dalam aksara Jawa juga memiliki kesamaan dengan aksara Sunda dan Bali. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti coba memaparkan aksara Jawa yang terdapat dalam hanacaraka dan memaparkan falsafah yang terdapat dalam aksara tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah padan; alat penentu bahasa, perekam dan pengawet bahasa (yaitu tulisan), dan orang yang menjadi mitra wicara. Proses dan makna dalam penelitian ini melihat adanya keterkaitan bahasa dengan budaya Jawa yang terdapat dalam masyarakat. Hasil yang akan disajikan dalam tulisan ini adalah hanacaraka dalam aksara Jawa dan falsafah yang terkandung dalam aksara tersebut. Hanya beberapa fitur tata bahasa yang dipilih yang mungkin berkorelasi dengan sesuatu di luar bahasa, sebagai contoh dalam keagamaan (kejawen), teks-teks yang mengarah kepada arah mistik dan juga falsafah hidup yang beredar di masyarakat Jawa.
Atualidades em parasitologia humana
Authors: Nepomuceno Denise Barguil , Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues
Published: April 2022

Conhecer os objetos de estudo da Parasitologia permite entender como se dá a dinâmica entre agentes infecciosos, vetores, e doenças, e buscar compreender como eles evoluíram junto à sociedade humana, tornando-se quase uma parte indissociável desta. É na Parasitologia Humana onde encontramos os agentes etiológicos de várias das doenças tropicais negligenciadas, e também é nela onde estão agrupados alguns dos animais considerados os mais letais do mundo: os mosquitos, assim designados especialmente por serem os atores principais da transmissão de alguns dos principais agentes infecciosos que afetam a humanidade. Os problemas são antigos, mas as tentativas de solucioná-los estão em incansável atualização. Afinal, não é possível solucionar um problema insistindo em algo que ao longo dos anos perdeu sua eficácia ou que sucessivamente não produza resultados satisfatórios. Assim, mesmo com todos os desafios frequentemente impostos ao “fazer ciência”, as pesquisas em Parasitologia tornam-se cada vez mais refinadas, e mostram que sim, é necessário seguir em frente, é necessário persistir. Portanto, a obra “Atualidades em Parasitologia Humana” foi idealizada na perspectiva de reunir estudos que contemplem a ciência, tecnologia e inovação em Parasitologia e que possam não só aprofundar os nossos conhecimentos, mas também gerar ideias e promover debates.
PENERAPAN MODEL GIVING QUESTION PELAJARAN EKONOMI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 7 PONTIANAK
Authors: UMMI UMMI
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the application of the Type of Giving Questions s in increasing the activeness of students in class XI IPS 1 in the subject of Economics. This type of research is classroom action research which is carried out in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were students of XI IPS 1. The results of the study were: (1) The implementation of learning activities using the Giving Question type on inflation material was effective, as seen from the increase in the results of observations of teacher activities in the first cycle by 81%, an increase of 90% in cycle II which is in the good category. (2) After applying the Giving Question type, the student's activity changed from the baseline by only 10%, it increased in the first cycle by 18%, then with the teacher making improvements it could increase the activity to 28% in the second cycle.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan Tipe Giving Question dalam meningkatkan keaktifan peserta didik kelas XI IPS 1 pada mata pelajaran Ekonomi. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Pada setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa XI IPS 1. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran menggunakan tipe Giving Question pada materi inflasi sudah efektif, terlihat dari adanya peningkatan hasil observasi kegiatan guru pada siklus I sebesar 81% meningkat sebesar 90% pada siklus II yang masuk dalam kategori baik. (2) Setelah menerapkan tipe Giving Question Keaktifan peserta didik mengalami perubahan dari baseline hanya sebesar 10% mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I sebesar 18%, kemudian dengan guru melakukan perbaikan dapat meningkatkan keaktifan menjadi 28% pada siklus II.
Diagnosing the stratospheric proportion in tropospheric ozone using triple oxygen isotopes as tracers
Authors: Xu Hao , Tsunogai Urumu , Nakagawa Fumiko , Sato Keiichi , Tanimoto Hiroshi
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Using a multistep nitrite-coated filter-pack system for sampling, we determined the seasonal variations in the triple oxygen isotopic composition (Δ17O) of tropospheric ozone (O3) in the terminal positions (Δ17Oterm(O3)) in the cities Nagoya and Niigata (Japan) in the eastern Asia region to quantify the mixing ratio of stratospheric O3 within the total tropospheric O3 supplied by stratosphere–troposphere transport (STT). In Nagoya, diurnal variations have also been studied. Both the average Δ17Oterm(O3) and their 1σ variation ranges agreed well with previous studies, (37.5 ± 1.4) ‰ in Nagoya and (37.0 ± 1.7) ‰ in Niigata. The average difference in Δ17Oterm(O3) between daytime (higher) and nighttime (lower) was (1.4 ± 0.7) ‰ (1σ) in Nagoya, which was responsible for the formation of a stable boundary layer at night, reducing mixing with high Δ17Oterm(O3) from the free troposphere. We also found a significant correlation between 7Be activity concentrations and the Δ17Oterm(O3), implying that STT was responsible for the elevated Δ17Oterm of O3 in the troposphere. By using the relationship between the reciprocal of concentrations and Δ17Oterm of tropospheric O3, we estimated the Δ17O of stratospheric O3 supplied through the STT (Δ17OSTT), together with that produced through photochemical reactions at surface altitude (Δ17Osur). Moreover, using Δ17OSTT and Δ17Osur, we estimated the mixing ratios of stratospheric O3 (i.e., O3 produced in the stratosphere and supplied to the troposphere through STT) in each tropospheric O3 (fSTT), as well as the absolute concentrations of stratospheric O3 supplied through STT in the troposphere (CSTT(O3)). The CSTT(O3) exhibited minimum values in summer ((5.3 ± 1.0) ppb) and maximum values in late winter to spring ((15.9 ± 2.1) ppb). Although the fSTT values were higher than those estimated using the chemistry climate models from past studies, the trends of the seasonal variations were consistent with them. We concluded that Δ17O successfully provided observational constraints on the STT of O3.
Global simulations of monoterpene-derived peroxy radical fates and the distributions of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) and accretion products
Authors: Xu Ruochong , Thornton Joel A. , Lee Ben H. , Zhang Yanxu , Jaeglé Lyatt , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe D. , Rantala Pekka , Petäjä Tuukka
Published: April 2022

Abstract. We evaluate monoterpene-derived peroxy radical (MT-RO2) unimolecular
autoxidation and self- and cross-reactions with other RO2 species in the
GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model. The formation of associated highly
oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) and accretion products are tracked in
competition with other bimolecular reactions. Autoxidation is the dominant
fate up to 6–8 km for first-generation MT-RO2, which can undergo
unimolecular H shifts. Reaction with NO can be a more common fate for
H-shift rate constants < 0.1 s−1 or at altitudes higher than 8 km due to the imposed Arrhenius temperature dependence of unimolecular
H shifts. For MT-derived HOM-RO2, generated by multistep autoxidation
of first-generation MT-RO2, reaction with other RO2 species is predicted
to be the major fate throughout most of the boreal and tropical forest
regions, whereas reaction with NO dominates in the temperate and subtropical
forests of the Northern Hemisphere. The newly added reactions result in
an approximate 4 % global average decrease in HO2 and RO2,
mainly due to faster self-/cross-reactions of MT-RO2, but the impact
upon HO2, OH, and NOx abundances is only important in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) over portions of tropical forests. Predicted HOM
concentrations in MT-rich regions and seasons can exceed total organic
aerosol predicted by the standard version of the GEOS-Chem model depending on the
parameters used. Comparisons to observations reveal that large uncertainties
remain for key reaction parameters and processes, especially with respect to the
photochemical lifetime and volatility of HOMs as well as the rates and branching of
associated RO2 accretion products. Further observations and laboratory
studies related to MT-RO2-derived HOMs and gas-phase RO2 accretion
product formation kinetics – especially their atmospheric fate, such as
gas–particle partitioning, multiphase chemistry, and net secondary organic aerosol formation – are
needed.
Changes of the aerodynamic characteristics of a flux site after an extensive windthrow
Authors: Oliveira Bruna R. F. , Keizer Jan J. , Foken Thomas
Published: April 2022

Abstract. A maritime pine plantation in central Portugal that has been
continuously monitored using the eddy-covariance technique for carbon fluxes
since a wildfire in 2017 was significantly affected by two storms during
December 2019 that resulted in a large-scale windthrow. This study analyses
the impacts of this windthrow on the aerodynamic characteristics of
zero-plane displacement and roughness length and, ultimately, their
implications for the turbulent fluxes. The turbulent fluxes were only
affected to a minor degree by the windthrow, but the footprint area of the
flux tower changed markedly so that the target area of the measurements had
to be redetermined.
Dispersal of bacteria and stimulation of permafrost decomposition by Collembola
Authors: Monteux Sylvain , Mariën Janine , Krab Eveline Josiane
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Contrary to most soils, permafrost soils have the atypical feature of being almost entirely deprived of soil fauna. Abiotic constraints on the fate of permafrost carbon after thawing are increasingly understood, but biotic constraints remain scarcely investigated. Incubation studies, essential to estimate effects of permafrost thaw on carbon cycling, typically measure the consequences of permafrost thaw in isolation from the topsoil, and thus do not account for the effects of altered biotic interactions because of e.g. colonization by soil fauna. Microarthropods facilitate the dispersal of microorganisms in soil, both on their cuticle (ectozoochory) and through their digestive tract (endozoochory), which may be particularly important in permafrost soils, considering that microbial community composition can strongly constrain permafrost biogeochemical processes. Here we tested how a model species of microarthropod (the Collembola Folsomia candida) affected aerobic CO2 production of permafrost soil over a 25 days incubation. By using collembola stock cultures grown on permafrost soil or on an arctic topsoil, we aimed to assess the potential for endo- and ectozoochory of soil bacteria, while cultures grown on gypsum and sprayed with soil suspensions would allow to observe only ectozoochory. The presence of collembola or the different treatments imposed to the collembola microbiome (growth substrate, spraying) did not alter bacterial community composition as a whole (relative abundances, weighted UniFrac). However, when Collembola were present (independent of their treatment), a number of introduced bacteria were found (presence-absence, unweighted UniFrac), resulting in increased species richness. CO2 production was increased by 25.85 % in the presence of collembola, about half of which could be attributed to collembola respiration. We argue that the remaining 13.22 % (95 % CI:3.2–23.25 %) can be considered a priming effect of the presence of collembola, i.e. a stimulation of permafrost CO2 production in the presence of active microarthropod decomposers. Overall, our findings underline the importance of biotic interactions in permafrost biogeochemical processes, and the need to explore the additive or interactive effects of other soil food web groups of which permafrost soils are deprived.
The modelled climatic response to the 18.6-year lunar nodal cycle and its role in decadal temperature trends
Authors: Joshi Manoj , Hall Robert , Stevens David , Hawkins Ed
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The 18.6-year lunar nodal cycle arises from variations in the angle of the Moon’s orbital plane. Previous work has linked the nodal cycle to climate but has been limited, either by the length of observations analysed, or geographical regions considered in model simulations of the pre-industrial period. Here we examine the global effect of the lunar nodal cycle in multi-centennial climate model simulations of the pre-industrial period. We find cyclic signals in global and regional surface air temperature having amplitudes of O (0.1 K), ocean heat uptake and ocean heat content. The timing of anomalies of global surface air temperature and heat uptake are consistent with the so-called slowdown in global warming in the first decade of the 21st century, also displaying warmer than average Arctic surface temperatures at the same time. The lunar nodal cycle causes variations in mean sea level pressure exceeding 0.5 hPa in the Nordic seas region, thus affecting the North Atlantic Oscillation Index during boreal winter. Our results suggest that the contribution of the lunar nodal cycle to global temperature should be negative in the mid-2020s before becoming positive again in the early-2030s, reducing the uncertainty in time at which projected global temperature reaches 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels.
Impulse-driven oscillations of the near-Earth’s magnetosphere
Authors: Sato Hiroatsu , Pécseli Hans , Trulsen Jan , Sandholt Per Even , Farrugia Charles
Published: April 2022

Abstract. It is argued that a simple model based on magnetic image arguments suffices to give a convincing insight into both the basic static as well as dynamic properties of the near-Earth’s magnetosphere. Qualitative results can be obtained for the heating due to the compression of the radiation belts. The properties of this simple dynamic model for the solar wind – magnetosphere interaction are discussed and compared to observations. In spite of its simplicity, the model gives convincing results concerning the magnitudes of the near-Earth’s magnetic and electric fields. The database contains ground based results for magnetic field variation in response to shocks in the solar wind. The observations also include satellite data, here from the two Van Allen satellites.
Magnetic locking in kerogen: impact on fluid transport
Authors: Nicot Benjamin , Korb Jean-Pierre , Jolivet Isabelle , Vezin Hervé , Gourier Didier , Rollet Anne-Laure
Published: April 2022

Abstract. How the transport of fluids in a confined and complex mixed organic/inorganic matrix can be far below the expected value from topological aspect? A good example of this situation is oil shales. Oil and gas shales are source rocks in which organic matter has matured to form hydrocarbons. They exhibit a dual porous network formed by the intertwining of mineral and organic pores that leads to very low permeability. Still, the exact origin of this extremely low permeability remains somehow unclear. The present communication addresses this important question and provides novel insights on the mechanisms that strongly hinder fluid diffusion in such materials. By combining nuclear and electronic magnetic resonance techniques combined with SEM imaging, we evidence that magnetic locking occurs in kerogen. This locking results from a magnetic coupling between vanadyl present in porphyrins and the organic matrix. We demonstrate that such coupling retards fluid diffusion and is reversible. This key dynamical feature explains the extremely low mobility of oil in shale rocks. This phenomenon may be a more general feature occurring in several systems where fluids are confined in a complex hierarchical matrix that embeds both organic and inorganic radicals resulting from ageing process.
Invited perspectives: A research agenda towards disaster risk management pathways in multi-(hazard-)risk assessment
Authors: Ward Philip J. , Daniell James , Duncan Melanie , Dunne Anna , Hananel Cédric , Hochrainer-Stigler Stefan , Tijssen Annegien , Torresan Silvia , Ciurean Roxana , Gill Joel C. , Sillmann Jana , Couasnon Anaïs , Koks Elco , Padrón-Fumero Noemi , Tatman Sharon , Tronstad Lund Marianne , Adesiyun Adewole , Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. , Alabaster Alexander , Bulder Bernard , Campillo Torres Carlos , Critto Andrea , Hernández-Martín Raúl , Machado Marta , Mysiak Jaroslav , Orth Rene , Palomino Antolín Irene , Petrescu Eva-Cristina , Reichstein Markus , Tiggeloven Timothy , Van Loon Anne F. , Vuong Pham Hung , de Ruiter Marleen C.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Whilst the last decades have seen a clear shift in emphasis from managing natural hazards to managing risk, the majority of natural-hazard risk research still focuses on single hazards. Internationally, there are calls for more attention for multi-hazards and multi-risks. Within the European Union (EU), the concepts of multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment and management have taken centre stage in recent years. In this perspective paper, we outline several key developments in multi-(hazard-)risk research in the last decade, with a particular focus on the EU. We present challenges for multi-(hazard-)risk management as outlined in several research projects and papers. We then present a research agenda for addressing these challenges. We argue for an approach that addresses multi-(hazard-)risk management through the lens of sustainability challenges that cut across sectors, regions, and hazards. In this approach, the starting point is a specific sustainability challenge, rather than an
individual hazard or sector, and trade-offs and synergies are examined
across sectors, regions, and hazards. We argue for in-depth case studies in
which various approaches for multi-(hazard-)risk management are co-developed and tested in practice. Finally, we present a new pan-European research project in which our proposed research agenda will be implemented, with the goal of enabling stakeholders to develop forward-looking disaster risk management pathways that assess trade-offs and synergies of various strategies across sectors, hazards, and spatial scales.
Implementing an institution-wide electronic lab notebook initiative
Authors: Foster Erin D. , Whipple Elizabeth C. , Rios Gabriel R.
Published: April 2022

Background: To strengthen institutional research data management practices, the Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM) licensed an electronic lab notebook (ELN) to improve the organization, security, and shareability of information and data generated by the school’s researchers. The Ruth Lilly Medical Library led implementation on behalf of the IUSM’s Office of Research Affairs.
Case Presentation: This article describes the pilot and full-scale implementation of an ELN at IUSM. The initial pilot of the ELN in late 2018 involved fifteen research labs with access expanded in 2019 to all academic medical school constituents. The Ruth Lilly Medical Library supports researchers using the electronic lab notebook by (1) delivering trainings that cover strategies for adopting an ELN and a hands-on demo of the licensed ELN, (2) providing one-on-one consults with research labs or groups as needed, and (3) developing best practice guidance and template notebooks to assist in adoption of the ELN. The library also communicates availability of the ELN to faculty, students, and staff through presentations delivered at department meetings and write-ups in the institution's newsletter as appropriate.
Conclusion: As of August 2021, there are 829 users at IUSM. Ongoing challenges include determining what support to offer beyond the existing training, sustaining adoption of the ELN within research labs, and defining “successful” adoption at the institution level. By leading the development of this service, the library is more strongly integrated and visible in the research activities of the institution, particularly as related to information and data management.
Supporting the Spectrum Scholarship Program: perspectives from the Northern California and Nevada Medical Library Group
Authors: McClung Sarah , Stark Rachel Keiko , De Armond Megan
Published: April 2022

The immediate past presidents and current president of the Northern California and Nevada Medical Library Group write to raise awareness of the American Library Association Spectrum Scholarship Program, share their approach to supporting Scholars in their region, and encourage Medical Library Association (MLA) chapters and MLA at large to build stronger infrastructures to support Black, Indigenous, and People of Color librarians who are in school and recently graduated.
Research activity of Augustyn Steffen (1901–1992) conducted in exile after 1945 against the background of his pre-war achievements
Authors: Chłosta-Zielonka Joanna
Published: April 2022

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie i omówienie powojennych dokonań Augustyna Steffena (1901–1992) badacza warmińskiego folkloru. Mało znane są jego publikacje sprzed II wojny światowej, utrwalające piśmiennictwo gwarowe, a prawie nic nie wiadomo o tym, w jaki sposób propagował wiedzę o języku polskim, gwarze warmińskiej i regionie Warmii i Mazur po wojnie, przebywając na emigracji, na łamach polskojęzycznych, krajowych i emigracyjnych, periodyków. Oprócz analizy zawartości wybranych opracowań językoznawcy, w artykule zostały przytoczone wyniki jego badań nad dwoma ważnymi rękopisami sprzed wieków: polsko-łacińskim słownikiem wydanym przez Steffena pt. Słowniczek trydencki i pisanym w staropolszczyźnie Wilkierzem budnickim.
Communication in the public sector in the first post-war years using the example of the city administration in Olsztyn
Authors: Gałęziowska Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Celem tekstu jest opis uwarunkowań działań komunikacyjnych Zarządu Miejskiego i organizacji miejskich w Olsztynie. Analizie poddano strukturę administracyjną i przykłady porozumiewania się w organizacji. Zakłada się, że czynnikiem warunkującym porozumiewanie się był wielowarstwowy system zależności władzy i płynna granica między sferą prywatną i publiczną. Odzwierciedlało się to w zarządzaniu dobrami materialnymi oraz podczas konstrukcji struktur, norm i reguł administracyjnych. Działania te realizowano podczas wymiany ludności i tworzenia nowych kodów kulturowych. Istotne znaczenie miał niski stan bezpieczeństwa, zniszczenie infrastruktury, niepewność co do własności nieruchomości i przebiegu granicy państwowej. Zaznaczał się silny wpływ Armii Czerwonej oraz nieukształtowana opinia publiczna. W tekście wykorzystano jakościową analizę zawartości dokumentów urzędowych ze zbiorów Muzeum Warmii i Mazur oraz wybrane zasoby Archiwum Państwowego w Olsztynie i prasę lokalną.
Ville en cendres & You touched me so wrong
Authors: Magaven Lyjo
Published: April 2022

Lyjo Magaven est poète et écrivain d’origine camerounaise. Il a obtenu plusieurs prix littéraires au niveau national pour ses poèmes et ses nouvelles. Ses textes ont paru dans des ouvrages collectifs ainsi que dans des revues littéraires internationales telles que Traversées en Belgique, Sipay aux Seychelles, Capital des Mots en France et Legs et Littérature en Haïti. Son premier roman est en chantier.
From Word to Image: The “Hesychastic type” of Mandorla
Authors: Todorova Rostislava G.
Published: April 2022

Based on the complex interrelations between word and image, the present paper aims to elucidate the penetrating correlation of the theological thought of the time with the art of a specific epoch. The findings of this study emphasize on the Hesychasm and its influence over Byzantine iconography in the fourteenth century AD, especially in relation to the formation of a new, unusual form of mandorla, called “hesychastic type”. In order to explain its rise and further development in Byzantine and Post Byzantine iconography, the paper discusses the earliest extant patterns of the “hesychastic type” of mandorla from the very beginning of the century and compares them with several subsequent examples. The focal point of the research is to find out which one is the earliest known pattern of the “hesychastic type” of mandorla and the place where this type of the symbol has emerged. The generally shared view claims that the new form has been produced firstly in Thessaloniki and can be seen in the partially survived Transfiguration mosaics in the Holy Apostles Church there. However, this study proceeds from the assumption that the prime model originates from Constantinople, caused by the theological and artistic milieu in the metropolis and probably found its place first in the wall paintings of the Chora Church. In support of this hypothesis, we are going to pay particular attention to the evidences about the relationships between the first and the second city in the Empire, the obvious intervisuality between the iconographic models in both churches and to some data about the erroneous dating of the wall decorations of the Holy Apostles Church in Thessaloniki.
Las representaciones monetarias en la Europa Occidental. De los pueblos germánicos al Renacimiento carolingio. Entre lo ideal y lo real, Siglos V-X
Authors: De Francisco Olmos José María
Published: April 2022

La caída del Imperio Romano Occidental (476) se considera tradicionalmente como el inicio de la época medieval en Europa occidental, pero eso no es una realidad total. En el plano monetario se mantuvo en vigor el sistema romano de la reforma de Constantino hasta la época de las reformas de Carlomagno (libra-sueldo-dinero), y no sólo en el plano económico sino también en el tipológico, al imitar los pueblos germánicos las antiguas tipologías romanas o bien las nuevas bizantinas, con mayor o menor calidad según los grupos, añadiendo poco a poco alguna característica propia de su sociedad y arte, como los monogromas o algunas representaciones específicas, pero en cualquier caso siempre de forma idealizada, desapareciendo los retratos realistas y las representaciones de monumentos de forma casi total. Todo esto cambió con el renacimiento carolingio, en especial tras el reconocimiento del título imperial por Bizancio y lo veremos en los retratos monetarios del emperador y en algunos de sus reversos, que tendrían poca continuidad entres sus sucesores, que van a perder el poder en el siglo X.
A Duquesa Margaret de York e a salvação de mulheres e homens no manuscrito iluminado Visions du chevalier Tondal (1475)
Authors: Zierer Adriana
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a salvação de mulheres e homens por meio do manuscrito iluminado Visions do Chevalier Tondal. A Visio Tnugdali, confeccionada no século XII teve uma grande circulação em todo o Ocidente dos séculos XII ao XVI. O manuscrito iluminado da obra, encomendado pela duquesa Margaret de York, visando a salvação de seu esposo Carlos, o Temerário, possui várias especificidades. Uma delas é a presença de mulheres que se parecem com a encomendadora desde a primeira imagem do manuscrito, que possui 20 iluminuras. Destaca-se ainda o fato de que as mulheres se encontram ao lado dos homens nos espaços Paradisíacos da obra.
 
[1] Este artigo inédito faz parte das reflexões que se iniciaram no Estágio Pós-Doutoral, realizado na École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), junto ao GAHOM (Groupe d’Anthropologie Historique de l’Occident Médiéval), sob a supervisão do Prof. Dr. Jean-Claude Schmitt. O contato com o supervisor e as discussões no grupo nos auxiliaram a aprofundar as reflexões sobre a obra Visions du Chevalier Tondal e sua relação com as imagens. Atualmente a investigação, intitulada “Educação, Salvação e Religiosidade: a Visio Tnugdali e Seu Papel na Tradição das Narrativas Visionárias Medievais (séculos XIV-XVI)”, possui financiamento do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), por meio de Bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa (PQ2). Agradeço ao Prof. Tiago Augusto Nápoli (PPGL-DLCV-USP-Brathair), que confecciona no momento a primeira tradução em língua portuguesa da Visio Tnugdali e que forneceu os excertos traduzidos da obra que fazem parte deste texto. Meus agradecimentos também para a Prof. Solange Pereira Oliveira (IFMA-Brathair), também pesquisadora da Visio Tnugdali que fez sugestões que contribuíram com o desenvolvimento do artigo. As ideias aqui expressas, no entanto, são de minha inteira responsabilidade.
Model Liquid Church Bagi Peningkatan Pelayanan Pastoral Gereja-Gereja Anggota Persekutuan Gereja-Gereja Di Indonesia Setempat (PGIS) Di Kota Batu
Authors: Franky Franky , Latumahina Dina E.
Published: April 2022

Di tengah konteks zaman yang terus mengalami perubahan, gereja sebaiknya terbuka dalam menghadapi kepelbagaian dan perubahan. Dalam melayani (pastoral), gereja harus menghayati dan menjalani kehidupannya dalam proses pembaharuan terus menerus serta menjadi cair (liquid). Apabila memerhatikan dinamika pelayanan pastoral pada saat ini, maka gereja tidak lepas dari permasalahan dalam menyikapi perubahan. Misalnya: adanya anggapan bahwa keterbukaan terhadap sesuatu di luar gereja akan mengancam eksistensi gereja pada masa kini. Akibatnya, gereja tidak mau dievaluasi, menerima kritik dan saran karena menganggap pendekatan pelayanan tradisional adalah cara/ metode terbaik dalam menerapkan pelayanan pastoral. Dalam artikel ini, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis, yakni menggali pemahaman dan pengalaman subyektif dari para informan dengan memerhatikan konteks pelayanan pastoral gereja-gereja anggota PGIS Kota Batu. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji serta menemukan model liquid church bagi peningkatan pelayanan pastoral. Pada akhirnya, dengan mengacu pada kajian literatur, hasil dan pembahasan, maka peneliti menemukan Model Liquid Church, yakni: 1) Gereja Tidak Bersifat Eksklusif; 2) Gereja Kontekstual; 3) Gereja Adaptif; 4) Gereja yang Inovatif dan Kreatif; 5) Gereja yang Membumi dan 6) Gereja Yang Relevan dengan Situasi dan Kondisi. Model ini dapat menjadi rekomendasi bagi gereja-gereja anggota PGIS Kota Batu guna meningkatkan pelayanan pastoral.
Anak-Anak Imam Eli (I Samuel 2-3) Dan Refleksinya Bagi Anak-Anak Hamba Tuhan
Authors: Endojowatiningsih Maria Hanie
Published: April 2022

Pengalaman anak-anak Imam Eli bisa jadi dialami oleh anak-anak hamba Tuhan. Anak-anak hamba Tuhan memiliki pergumulan khusus, yang bisa berimbas negatif tapi juga bisa berimbas positif. Hasil wawancara informal, ditemukan bahwa ada yang menanggapi negatif, misalnya merasa tertekan, dituntut terlalu banyak, tidak sebebas anak-anak lain, dibayang-bayangi oleh status orangtuanya. Namun ada yang menanggapinya secara positif, misalnya bersyukur dan bangga akan status sebagai anak-anak hamba Tuhan, karena bisa mendapat pendidikan dan keteladanan rohani yang sangat baik dari orangtua, bisa turut melayani bersama orangtua. Anak-anak imam Eli, di tengah umat Israel, ternyata menanggapi secara negatif, yaitu dengan perilaku yang sangat tidak menjadi berkat, dan menjadi perhatian Tuhan.
Pembahasan penelitian ini, kiranya dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi anak-anak hamba Tuhan agar tidak memiliki kecenderungan seperti halnya anak-anak imam Eli, dan penting juga bagi para hamba Tuhan supaya tidak mengalami kegagalan seperti imam Eli. Metode penelitian yang penulis pakai adalah kualitatif, dengan mewawancarai 13 mahasiswa Institut Injil Indonesia yang orangtuanya (ayah atau ibunya) adalah hamba Tuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 69% informan kecewa menjadi anak hamba Tuhan, 46% informan  pernah minder menjadi anak hamba Tuhan, dan  informan berpendapat bahwa jika anak-anak hamba Tuhan tidak mengaktualisasikan Firman Tuhan secara benar maka akan menjadi batu sandungan bagi jemaat, merusak pekerjaan Tuhan, nama baik orangtua tercemar, dan wibawa orangtua hilang.
An Empirical Study of Activity-Based Systems in Ireland
Authors: Pierce Bernard , Brown Richard
Published: April 2022

A survey of large manufacturing, service and financial sector organisations was conducted to investigate the current state of adoption of activity-based systems in Ireland. The findings showed higher rates of adoption than previously reported, fewer companies still considering implementation, and a high and relatively stable proportion of companies that have not considered implementation. Adoption rates were also higher than those reported in comparable studies elsewhere. Companies that have rejected activity-based costing/management (ABC/M) and those still considering ABC/M identified cost-benefit issues as a major consideration and tended to adopt a narrower view of ABC/M benefits than the range of uses reported by ABC/M users. There was also evidence of misconceptions among some of the non-adopters regarding the suitability of ABC/M systems in particular operating environments. Reported usage in specified areas of application was strongly correlated with perceived success in those areas, while usage and success in specified areas showed varying degrees of correlation with perceived overall success levels. In total, the findings do not support suggestions in the literature that ABC/M adoption rates in Ireland are low by international standards, but they do provide tentative evidence that adoption of ABC/M may be approaching a relatively settled state in the lrisli corporate sector.
Optimizing Inventory Management Cost: Case of Simap
Authors: Nazuk Ayesha , Rashid Muhammad , Salman Verda
Published: April 2022

Inventory management is an important phase of total quality control. The surgical instruments manufacturing industry is one of the export-oriented sectors in Pakistan; there is a need to improve its business operations. This study focuses on comparison of eight techniques for the inventory management; data for 12 months was curated in 2017, from 75 firms operating in Sialkot. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the following eight inventory management techniques: Lot for Lot, Wagner-Whitin, Least Unit Cost, Least Total Cost, Silver-Meal, Economic Order Quantity, Periodic Order Quantity, and Part Period Balancing. The Lot for Lot, Least Unit Cost, Least Total Cost, Sliver-Meal, and Wagner-Whiten, were found better than Economic Order Quantity, Periodic Order Quantity, and Part Period Balancing; Periodic Order Quantity is better than Economic Order Quantity which in turn is better than Part Period Balancing. One must keep in mind that statistical out-performance of one technique against the other should not consume the decision-makers, rather the decision should also include the practicality of the business operation.
Systematic Literature Review over IDPS, Classification and Application in its Different Areas
Authors: Afzal Shehroz , Asim  Jamil
Published: April 2022

Cyber-attacks are becoming more sophisticated and thereby presenting increasing challenges in accurately detecting intrusions. Failure to prevent the intrusions could degrade the credibility of security services, e.g. data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Numerous intrusion detection methods have been proposed in the literature to tackle computer security threats, which can be broadly classified into Signature-based Intrusion Detection Systems (SIDS) and Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection Systems (AIDS). Network security is vital for any organization connected to the Internet. Rock solid network security is a major challenge that can be overcome by strengthening the network against threats such as hackers, malware, botnets, data thieves, etc. Firewalls, antivirus, and intrusion detection systems are used to protect the network. The firewall can control network traffic, but reliance on this type of security alone is not enough. Attackers use open ports such as port 80 of the web server (http) and port 110 of the POP server to infiltrate networks. The Intrusion Detection System (IDS) minimizes security breaches and improves network security by scanning network packets to filter out malicious packets. Real-time detection with prevention using Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS) has elevated network security to an advanced level by strengthening the network against malicious activities. In this Survey paper focuses on Classifying various kinds of IDS with the major types of attacks based on intrusion methods. Presenting a classification of network anomaly IDS evaluation metrics and discussion on the importance of the feature selection. Evaluation of available IDS datasets discussing the challenges of evasion techniques.
The Responsibility of the State for the Conduct of its Entities in ICSID Jurisprudence
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Tariq Aisha , Iqbal Tauseef
Published: April 2022

It is a good omen that the tribunals have started applying International Law Commission's Articles on state’s responsibility in a logical order. But this application has created another inconsistency. Tribunals neither interpret these Articles consistently nor do they apply the same tests developed under an individual Article to determine the attribution of a specific act to a state. This inconsistent attitude is affecting the predictability of investment law. After highlighting the importance of consistency in this subject, this paper suggests the preferable interpretation to be adopted consistently.