bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning through simulation in the moot practice: a teaching strategy to improve university legal education within the framework of the EHEA
Authors: FACH GÓMEZ KATIA , RENGEL ALEXANDRA
Published: May 2022

This article examines the relevance of the phenomenon on of moot competitions and moot practice in legal education and it is intended to reflect on the degree of implementation of this practice in Spanish law schools and the applicability in the general legal education to Spanish students. After explaining the origin of the word moot terminology and explain the different types of kangaroo courts that are covered under this generic nomenclature currently, presents the historical evolution of moot practice in common law countries and also shows what are the most famous contemporary moot competitions internationally. For Spain, are also described the few moot activities that have been implemented in the country and outlines what are the elements that characterize the moot currently practice in Spain. Regarding moot methodology, this article explains the most important phases of these legal drills and activities to develop the students in each. This leads to systematically present, as a result, the benefits of the practice moot for all stakeholders-students, faculty, academic institutions, society, and the shortcomings that today is attributed to this educational activity. In terms of the findings and possible prospective actions, this work proposes to give more importance to moot curricular practice in Spain, suggesting a number of measures to be taken from different areas for this practice matures in our university and thus assists in the implementation of the EHEA in Spanish universities.
Propiedad industrial para Ingeniería Hidráulica. Asignatura optativa en la formación de profesionales en Villa Clara
Authors: CONTRERAS VILLAVICENCIO DULCE MARÍA
Published: May 2022

El presente texto es una derivación de la investigación que se realizó sobre derechos de propiedad industrial en el patrimonio intangible empresarial. Mediante métodos, técnicas de investigación y didácticos enfocados a crear habilidades de análisis, toma de decisiones técnicas y de dirección, se diseñó la asignatura optativa Propiedad Industrial para Ingeniería Hidráulica de la Facultad de Construcciones en la Universidad Central «Marta Abreu» de Las Villas. Se aplica y perfecciona para promover cultura jurídica en futuros egresados sobre esta institución, proveer la esencia, relevancia y comprensión de los derechos de propiedad intelectual en relaciones de intercambio, incentivar innovación y alto desempeño en el ejercicio profesional, dada su limitación en el país. Indica a educandos de cuarto año cómo manejar bases de datos públicas de información tecnológica mundial y nacional en el estudio de tecnologías y prácticas referidas al ramo para un proyecto integrador.
Obtaining and Characterizing the Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ln(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3 Doped System
Authors: Dumitru Alina Iulia
Published: May 2022

The Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-based ceramic system was obtained by using a modified variant of the conventional ceramic method in order to get pyrochlore-free compositions. Solid solutions obtained from Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 and Ln(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3 with Ln = Y3+, La3+, Pr3+, Nd3+ and Sm3+, were synthesized using a 3-step columbite precursor method and appropriate milling and sintering conditions. The structural phases of all sintered compositions were investigated in detail. The X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that all the samples possess a perovskite structure. The influence of dopant on the incorporation degree in the solid solutions was studied. The dielectric constants at three frequencies were measured and the influence of the dopant on these values was discussed.
Macroeconomic Predictor for Recovery Rate of Construction and Demolition Waste. A Neural Networks Model for Romania
Authors: Lopez Argeime , Gabor Manuela Rozalia
Published: May 2022

The common values of a circular economy are concentrated in decoupling economic growth from resource consumption; resource efficiency; waste management; sharing; reducing greenhouse gas emissions; lifecycle assessments and closing loops. With the increasing cost of natural resources as a real EU scenario, industries will significantly benefit from shifting towards a more circular approach. The aim of this paper is to analyses the waste management actions, especially for construction and demolition sector, in Romania in the EU-28 context by applying statistical methods and neural network modelling to find the best macroeconomic predictor for recovery rate of construction and demolition waste for period 2010-2020.
Underwater Image Detection for Cleaning Purposes; Techniques Used for Detection Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Goxhaj Ornelta , Yilmaz Nilay Gul , Kouhalvandi Lida , Shayea Ibraheem , Azizan Azızul
Published: May 2022

Serious problems are on the rise, especially in these current times. The world is facing too many environmental threats. Water pollution is one of the main issues threatening the future. In some parts of the world, the water’s surface is covered by mucilage, which is dangerous for both aquatic animals and humans. This article firstly defines mucilage and highlights the reasons for its production. Afterwards to tackle water pollution, cleaning systems using image detection with the help of machine learning supervised classification algorithms are highlighted. This paper showcases the machine learning and classification used as well as the best solution for convolutional neural network and region-based convolutional neural network methods.
Sand dune vegetation-biocrust interaction as a source of spatial heterogeneity
Authors: Yizhaq Hezi , Ashkenazy Yosef
Published: May 2022

Vegetation and biocrust play crucial roles in dune stability and mobility, and their interaction can lead to bistability, temporal oscillations, and hysteresis. We studied a two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model of vegetation and biogenic crust cover dynamics on sand dunes. Under a certain parameter range, the space-independent version of the model exhibited the bi-stability of an oscillatory state and a steady state, and we studied the 2D dynamics of the model under these parameters. The patterns developed by the 2D model showed a high degree of spatial heterogeneity and complexity depending on the initial conditions and on the state type across the front. The results suggest that spatial heterogeneity and complexity can evolve from the intrinsic dynamics between vegetation and biocrust, even without natural geodiversity and spatiotemporal climate fluctuations. In the real world, these two types of intrinsic and extrinsic heterogeneity processes interact such that it is difficult to distinguish between them.
Teacher’s stories about teaching newly arrived refugee youths at a vocational upper secondary school in Sweden
Authors: Asghari Hamid
Published: May 2022

This article presents the stories of four teachers teaching newly arrived refugee youths at a vocational upper secondary school. The youths came to Sweden in 2015 and later, and they live in a so-called vulnerable area. This is a period when many unaccompanied children and adolescent refugees arrived in Sweden. The study aims to contribute to knowledge about teaching newly arrived refugee youths and the way these youths can influence teaching in a vocational school. The methodological and theoretical starting point for the study is based on a narrative perspective. The stories are analysed thematically and show that these students have great solidarity with each other, are ambitious, and create a good mood in the classroom. In addition, there is always “someone” who does not believe in democratic values, although most of the students value the Swedish democracy and equality between men and women. The expulsion decision that some students receive affects the teachers’ teaching as well, since it means that they also have to deal with teaching situations where their students’ lives and deaths are involved in the sense that they are refugees threatened by expulsion.
Digital Startups Fundamental Capabilities in New Product Development: Multiple Case Studies in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Kencanasari Retna Ayu Mustikarini , Dhewanto Wawan
Published: May 2022

Digital startups compete by increasing their ability to innovate in new product development. New product development becomes one of the main processes for startups to scale their product quality. As there are many frameworks of new product development to follow, the particular new product development in digital startups should be established to contribute to the theory. Therefore, the research question of this study is: What are the fundamental capabilities of new product development in digital startups. This research uses the exploratory study approached by qualitative research, interviewing at least CEOs of four digital startups in Indonesia and a technology-based new ventures expert. From the study, there are three influential capabilities in the new product development in digital startups, such as financial, market, and technology. The connection between capabilities contributes to the theoretical framework. The implication of this study is to help practitioners to conduct an ideal new product development process.
Keywords—Digital Startups ; Financial Capability; Market Capability; New Product Development; Technology Capability.
Human-Centered Sustainable University Model
Authors: Djunita Pasaribu Rina , Hartaman Aris , Sutjipto Moh.Riza , Umbara Taufan , Purwanadita Ridwan , Masfiroh Apriani
Published: May 2022

In Society 5.0, the central concept is Human-Centered and supported by super-smart technology that frees humans from burdened workloads and allows humans to innovate new values ??without limits. All of this results in prosperity for everyone and that is the achievement of the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The application of this concept must be realized by all stakeholders of the nation, including universities that are responsible for the education of the younger generation. However, the implementation of sustainability university has been very numerous, varied, and there is no clear definition in the literature or practice. This study aims to develop a Human-Centered sustainable model that can be used as a reference in implementation. The research method used is qualitative by conducting library research, interviews and observations. Respondents and objects of interviews and observations are Telkom University’s sustainability teams and programs/ projects. The result of this study is a Human-Centered sustainable university model that is recommended as an implementation reference, not only for Telkom University but also for other universities with similar characteristics.
Keywords—Human-Centered; Sustainability; Tridharma; University; Model
Ingenuity using 3D-MRI fusion image in evaluation before and after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm
Authors: Sano Kenshi , Kuge Atsushi , Kondo Rei , Yamaki Tetsu , Nakamura Kazuki , Saito Shinjiro , Sonoda Yukihiko
Published: May 2022

Background:

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is most often caused by blood vessels touching a facial nerve. In particular, responsible vessels compress the root exit zone (REZ) of the facial nerve. Although we recognize these causes of HFS, it is difficult to evaluate the findings of precise lesion in radiological imaging when vessels compress REZ. Hence, we tried to obtain precise images of pre- and postoperative neuroradiological findings of HFS by creating a fusion image of MR angiography and the REZ of facial nerve extracted by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion tensor image (DTI).

Case Description:

A 52-year-old woman had a 2-year history of HFS on the left side of her face. It was confirmed that the left vertebral artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery were presented near the facial nerve on MRI. REZ of the facial nerve was visualized using DTI and fusion image was created with vascular components, making it possible to recognize the relationship between compression vessels and REZ of the facial nerve in detail. She underwent microvascular decompression and her HFS completely disappeared. We confirmed that the REZ of the facial nerve was decompressed by MRI imaging, in the same way as before surgery.

Conclusion:

We describe that the REZ of facial nerve and compressive vessels was delineated in detail on MRI and this technique is useful for pre- and postoperative evaluation of HFS.
Molecular analyses of rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the midbrain tegmentum: A report of two cases and a review of the FGFR1 status in unusual tumor locations
Authors: Handa Hajime , Shibahara Ichiyo , Nakano Yoshiko , Inukai Madoka , Sato Sumito , Hide Takuichiro , Hirato Junko , Yoshioka Takako , Ichimura Koichi , Kumabe Toshihiro
Published: May 2022

Background:

Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare tumor that arises primarily in the posterior fossa, with molecular features ofFGFR1mutation. A previous study reported that brainstem RGNT accounts for only 2.7% cases; therefore, midbrain RGNT is infrequent.

Case Description:

The authors encountered two cases of RGNT located in the midbrain tegmentum (Case 1: 23-year-old woman and Case 2: 18-year-old boy), both exhibiting similar cystic components with gadolinium-enhanced cyst walls on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, surgically resected through the occipital transtentorial approach. Histological findings in both cases comprised two characteristic architectures of neurocytic and glial components, typical of RGNT. Molecular assessment revealed noFGFR1mutation in the initial specimen, but revealedFGFR1K656E mutation in the recurrent specimen in Case 1 and showed noFGFR1mutation but showedTERTC228T mutation in Case 2. Neither case revealedIDH1/2, BRAF, H3F3AK27,H3F3AG34, orHIST1H3BK27 mutations. DNA methylation-based classification (molecularneuropathology.org) categorized both cases as RGNT, whose calibrated scores were 0.99 and 0.47 in Cases 1 and 2, respectively.

Conclusion:

Midbrain tegmentum RGNTs exhibited typical histological features but variedFGFR1statuses withTERTmutation. RGNT in rare locations may carry different molecular alterations than those in other common locations, such as the posterior fossa.
The Effectiveness of Silver-containing Hydrofiber Dressing Compared With Topical Silver Sulfadiazine Cream in Pediatric Patients With Deep Partial-Thickness Burns: A Retrospective Review
Authors:   First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, PR China, Wang Jian , Yang Bo , Zhang Xiu-Hang , Liu Shu-Han , Wu Wei ,   First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, PR China,   First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, PR China
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Deep partial-thickness (DPT) burns are a common pediatric burn injury and involve the limbs and trunk. Initial management of a pediatric burn is conservative and consists of wound dressings and creams to optimize the environment for reepithelialization. Silver-containing Hydrofiber dressings (SHDs) and silver sulfadiazine (SS) cream are used widely to treat burn wounds. However, the effectiveness of the 2 methods when applied to pediatric DPT burn wounds is unclear. PURPOSE: This study was performed to compare the effectiveness of SHD versus SS cream in pediatric patients with DPT burns. METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective review of data collected from 92 pediatric patients (mean age, 51.44 months; range, 2 months to 18 years) with DPT burns to the limbs and trunk involving 5% to 10% of total body surface area who were admitted to a burn center from January 2018 through January 2020; more than 75% of these burns were scald injuries. Of the patients included in this analysis, 40 were treated with topical SS cream, whereas SHDs were used in 52 patients. Outcomes included time to complete healing, number of dressing changes, nursing care time, hospitalization expenses, complications, and patient primary caregiver satisfaction score using a 4-point Likert scale. RESULTS: The complete healing time was significantly shorter in the SHD group compared with the SS group (18.98 ± 2.21 days vs 22.45 ± 2.25 days, respectively; P < .05). There were fewer dressing changes in the SHD group than in the SS group (4 ± 0.74 vs 11.55 ± 0.88, P < .05). Overall, caregivers of patients in the SHD group reported better satisfaction than caregivers in the SS group. CONCLUSION: When compared with SS cream, the use of SHD was found to be a safe, effective, and economical therapeutic method for treating DPT burns in the pediatric patients included in this study.
Accommodation and its disorders in the practice of an ophthalmologist
Authors:   S.N. Fedorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Cheboksary Branch, Pashtaev N.P. , Andreev A.N. ,   I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Korsakova N.V. ,   I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Arsyutov D.G. ,   I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University
Published: May 2022

Изложены вопросы механизма аккомодации, методы её исследования на современном уровне. Описаны клинические проявления нарушений аккомодации. Представлены современные подходы к диагностике, лечению этих состояний. Для студентов старших курсов и клинических ординаторов медицинских вузов, начинающих офтальмологов и врачей общей практики.
Does blood type have an effect on the course of COVID-19?
Authors: YILMAZ Fatma , ALBAYRAK Murat , YILDIZ Abdulkerim , AFACAN ÖZTÜRK Hacer Berna , MARAL Senem , AKYOL Pınar , REİS ARAS Merih , SAĞLAM Buğra , TIĞLIOĞLU Mesut
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Predictive parameters that can affect the course of this infection have been the main topic of research since the beginning of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. Since the discovery of blood groups, the effect of these on infectious diseases has always been of interest.

Objectives

To analyze the effect of ABO blood group on mortality, hospitalization duration and hematological and cytokine storm parameters in patients with COVID-19.

Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 140 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters including ABO blood group, complete blood count (CBC) parameters, biochemical tests, cytokine storm parameters, duration of hospitalization, and final status (discharge or death) were recorded.

Results: The 140 patients included in the analysis comprised 72 (51.4%) males and 68 (48.6%) females with a mean age of 66.3±14.0 years. . Age and gender, hospitalization duration and mortality rates were similar in all blood group types. Only D-dimer levels were found to be higher in blood group A compared with other blood groups.

Conclusion: Although no difference in mortality was determined between groups, the D-dimer level was statistically significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with A blood group. Larger studies are needed to reflect D-dimer levels on the clinical course of infection, and thus on daily practice.
COMPARISON OF PERIOPERATIVE SEDATION WITH DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND PROPOFOL IN PATIENTS ON MECHANICAL VENTILATION WITH THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: MELNYCHENKO M.V. , DMITRIEV D.V , NAZARCHUK O.A.
Published: May 2022

Background: Sedatives used during thoracic and abdominal surgery may affect hemodynamics, patient extubation time, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and the incidence of delirium.

Aim: Perioperative assessment of the level sedation with propofol and dexmedetomidine, their effect on hemodynamics with determination of non-invasive cardiac output (esCCO), extubation time, duration of stay in ICU department and frequency of postoperative delirium.

Methods: The study included 121 patients over 18 years of age who underwent thoracic and abdominal surgery and received dexmedetomidine or propofol infusion for sedation in the perioperative period. The main result of the study was the determination of extubation time and indicators of non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamics with measurement of cardiac output (esCCO) using the Nihon Kohden monitor. Secondary results of the study were the length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital, the frequency of delirium.

Results. Dexmedetomidine usage (n=52) as an intraoperative and postoperative sedative as opposed to propofol (n=69) was associated with a higher probability of extubation (HR=1.65, 95% CI =1.23–2.21, P=0.001). The longer duration of the operation was associated with a decrease in the probability of extubation (HR=0.83, 95% CI=0.62-0.94, P=0.029), and elderly patients were less likely to rapid extubation (HR=0.73; 95% CI=0.62-0.94, P=0.005). Baseline noninvasive cardiac output parameters of propofol and dexmedetomidine patients were 5.9±1.1 l/min and 6.1±0.6 l/min, respectively. At the end of the operation, the CO values were lower than baseline in patients in the propofol and dexmedetomidine groups by 11.9 % and 6.6 %, respectively. There was no significant association between dexmedetomidine use and length of stay in intensive care, or discharge from hospital (P=0.99 and P=0.54, respectively) and the incidence of delirium in ICU department (P=0.25).

Conclusion: Perioperative use of dexmedetomidine was associated with earlier extubation in patients who underwent thoracic and abdominal surgery, without affecting the length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital. The duration of the operation, old age and the appearance of delirium are the leading factors that contributed to the prolongation of ventilation time. Given the less pronounced depressant effect on noninvasive cardiac output, dexmedetomidine-based perioperative sedation regimens may be an alternative to propofol-based regimens to reduce extubation time
Mieszkalnictwo w Polsce w latach 2018–2020
Authors: Malesa Karolina
Published: May 2022

Artykuł porusza tematykę dotyczącą stanu mieszkalnictwa w Polsce w latach 2018–2020. Celem artykułu jest omówienie warunków mieszkaniowych w Polsce. Podjęta tematyka została przedstawiona głównie na podstawie analizy danych GUS oraz NBP na temat rynku lokali mieszkalnych w latach 2018–2020. Struktura artykułu jest następująca: po krótkim wprowadzeniu, w pierwszej części tekstu w sposób syntetyczny przedstawiono wielkość zasobów mieszkaniowych w Polsce. W drugiej części artykułu przeanalizowano podstawowe warunki mieszkaniowe na wojewódzkich rynkach lokali mieszkalnych w Polsce (przeciętna powierzchnia użytkowa mieszkania, przeciętna powierzchnia mieszkania przypadająca na 1 osobę, przeciętna liczba izb w mieszkaniu, przeciętna liczba osób przypadająca na 1 mieszkanie i na 1 izbę). W części trzeciej omówiono obrót na rynku lokali mieszkalnych. Czwarta część przedstawia rolę kredytu hipotecznego w finansowaniu zakupu nieruchomości. W piątej części zaprezentowano ceny nieruchomości w Polsce zarówno na rynku pierwotnym, jak i wtórnym. Syntetyczna konstatacja wieńczy niniejszy tekst.
GAS-HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESS CALCULATION REPLACEMENT OF OIL WITH NITROGEN DURING CONSERVATION OIL PIPELINE SECTIONS
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Serediuk Mariia
Published: May 2022

A method and software have been developed that make it possible to predict the gas-hydrodynamic parameters of oil displacement by nitrogen during the temporary removal of the pipeline from the mode of transportation to the mode of holding in a safe state. By means of mathematical modeling the regularities of pressure change at the beginning of the oil pipeline and in front of the delimiter, nitrogen consumption, oil displacement rate from the coordinate of the delimiter location on the pipeline route are obtained.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHEMICAL LEASING AND OTHER BUSINESS MODELS IN CHEMICALS MANAGEMENT AT COMPANIES
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", Khokhotva Oleksandr ,   Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: May 2022

Chemical leasing, as a model for the sustainable management of chemicals in the companies, was created on the basis of the idea of cleaner production and pollution prevention, instead of effluents treatment. It refers to the effective management of chemicals and aims to increase the efficiency of the use of chemicals while reducing the risk of chemicals and protecting health of employees. This improves the economic and environmental performance of participating companies and their access to new markets. As a modern business model, it is service-oriented and shifts the focus from increasing sales of chemicals to a value-added approach. Increasing consumption of chemicals means economic losses for the suppliers. This allows effective management of chemical risks and has a number of economic and environmental benefits for users and manufacturers. Global experience has shown that this business model is most effective primarily in relation to chemicals, used in auxiliary processes, and promote the reduction of their consumption by up to 30% and water consumption by up to 50%. Chemical leasing distinctly differs from other business model often used in chemicals management in industrial conditions. It implies long-term contracts and close cooperation between the producer and the user of the chemicals, that means better predictability of financial expenditures, lower consumption of chemicals, closing the material cycle, that lead to resource conservation, energy savings, a reduction in the environmental impact, and avoidance/reduction of risks arising from the use of chemicals. It all can make chemicla leasing more preferable option for implementation of circular economy approaches regarding application of chemicals in different economic sectors.
THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Onyshchenko Oksana , Yatsenko Nataliya ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Honcharenko Nazar ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University
Published: May 2022

In modern conditions, the system of economic security of the enterprise should be one of the main elements of strategic management of an industrial enterprise. In view of this, the management of industrial enterprises needs to take care of information-analytical, innovative and strategic support of the appropriate level of their economic security not only in the current period, but also in the following ones. Carrying out a balanced sound policy in the field of economic security of an industrial enterprise is an extremely important task at the present stage of protection of Ukrainian economic interests. Therefore, the article revealed the basic theoretical and methodological foundations of economic security management of an industrial enterprise. The place, role and tasks of economic security in the enterprise management system have been shown. According to the authors, the main purpose of the economic security management system of the enterprise is to prevent crisis situations and minimize the impact of negative factors on the enterprise. The essence and significance of the principles on which the system of economic security management of industrial enterprises should be based were given. Studies of domestic and foreign scientists show that it is more important for the company not to avoid the threat at all, but the ability to anticipate it in a timely and accurate manner in order to take the necessary measures. This applies to both companies in crisis and successful ones. Therefore, it is necessary to create a management system of economic security with continuous diagnosis of the environment and the place of the enterprise in it, because the method of making management decisions based on intuition alone can not ensure the most efficient operation of economic entities. The authors have been conducted a study of existing methods for diagnosing threats and comprehensive assessment of the level of economic security of the enterprise in the enterprise management system. The use of diagnostic methods will allow industrial enterprises to function and develop more efficiently in a changing market environment. A method of diagnosing economic security by a method that allows to take into account all deviations (positive and negative) was proposed. At the same time, the positive dynamics of changes in the overall coefficient of diagnosing economic security is growth.
SOME ASPECTS OF ACCOUNTING SUPPORT FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING OF ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Ploskina Andriana , Fatenok-Tkachuk Alla ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
Published: May 2022

The necessity of strategic planning process has been updated in the article. The concept of strategic planning and strategic accounting has been distinguished; the key tasks, subject and objects of strategic accounting have been identified. Analyzing the components of strategic planning, the main stages of the process have been developed. There are three main tasks of strategic planning: assessment of the current situation, assessment of the potential of the enterprise for the long-term taking into consideration all possible ways and means of survival and strategic directions of their development, prevention of negative impact of changes in economic conditions. The main functions of strategic planning in the context of accounting support are systematized. They are as follows methodological, internal coordination, adaptation to the external environment, organizational change and control function. The main components of strategic planning are summarized. The problems of accounting that arise in the process of strategic planning are highlighted: the difficulty of grouping the accounting information in terms of business processes, the inability to get the necessary information about the real state of partners, the difficulty in forecasting the economic indicators in the context of analyzing the potential of the enterprise, problems with structuring information for all elements of the enterprise. Some ways to improve the strategic planning process have been proposed: increase the list of documents regulating the strategic planning process in accordance with the specific features of the enterprise, the need to create a powerful information base that will constantly expand and cover all aspects of enterprise activities, integration of all existing accounting activities with procedures of preliminary analytical processing of primary data.
THE MODERN FORMS OF BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS IN BUSINESS
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Zadorozhna Anna
Published: May 2022

The application of communications in business is studied. The important role of communications in the functioning and obtaining certain achievements for an organization / business in the market is noted. Considered one of the subspecies of communications - business communications, their features such as regulation and determinism. Another important characteristic of business communication is the obligatory indication of the status of an employee, which allows building relationships both “boss-subordinate” in one structure, and “boss-boss” for different organizations. It is noted that although the obvious impact of business communications cannot be fully traced, however, they indirectly affect the success and profitability of the economic activity of the organization. Pointed out the losses incurred by organizations that do not work on successful business communications. It is noted that communication is an important component of corporate culture. The classification of business communications is presented according to various criteria - the environment in which information exchange is carried out, according to the method of information transfer, according to the location of communicators in space. It is noted that the imperfection of business communication, including internal communication, often leads companies to significant losses, therefore, attention should be paid to building both matrix (“boss-subordinate”, “department-department”) links within the companies themselves, and external relations. The characteristic of various forms of business communications is given, attention is paid to modern ways of organizing business communications. Emphasis is placed on the importance of choosing the right form of business communication in order to achieve a positive result. It is noted that each of the forms of business communication has its own set of advantages and disadvantages and features, which are extremely important to take into account when organizing them. The features of conducting business communications in the era of a pandemic are noted. Thus, the challenges of the pandemic have led to an increase in the role of those forms of business communication that can be carried out remotely, using modern telecommunications and computer technologies, although these communications also have a number of shortcomings that should be taken into account.
COUNTERFEIT GOODS MARKET: THE CONTENT ANALYTICS AND METHODS OF CONSUMER PROTECTION
Authors:   Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Satyr Larysa , Kepko Valentyna ,   Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Stadnik Leonid ,   Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University
Published: May 2022

The problem of the production and sale of counterfeit product poses a real threat to the economy, both globally and locally. Counterfeit product in the process of their consumption and disposal can pose a threat to the health and life of consumers. That is why the protection of consumers' rights when buying counterfeit product is relevant and requires a thorough study. This article provides an analytical review of the market for counterfeit product and an analysis of existing methods of protecting consumers' rights when a counterfeit purchase is detected. It has been established that in spite of governmental efforts to combat counterfeiting, the market for counterfeit and substandard product continues to grow. The categories of products with the highest level of adulteration have been identified. The main methods of protection of consumers' rights in case of detection the fact of purchasing of counterfeit product at the state level are specified. The article analyses legal methods aimed at preventing the production and sale of counterfeit product. It has been established that the instruments of state regulation against the production and sale of counterfeit products are insufficient. It is acknowledged that displacement of the focus in the fight against counterfeiting from legal methods to the application of marketing management methods to the consumption of counterfeit product in the market will reduce the severity of the problem. It is indicated that marketing methods of anti-counterfeiting are currently used by commodity producers, but they are scattered and unsystematic and therefore require further systematisation and planned application. The methods of combating counterfeit products and the procedure for their implementation have been discussed. The results of the research indicate the relevance and necessity of applying the suggested methodology of marketing management of consumer demand in the market of counterfeit products as one of the elements of protection of consumers from counterfeit products.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF WELL-KNOWN TRADEMARKS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kostenko Kateryna
Published: May 2022

This article analyzes well-known trademarks, which by their nature receive broader legal protection than ordinary trademarks. Due to significant financial investments, wide promotion, and recognition among consumers of goods or services under certain trademarks, some of such brands can become recognizable on the territory where they were originally used, as well as in other countries. Such trademarks are called commonly known marks and can be conventionally divided into well-known, famous and with reputation. The article pays special attention to the identification of each definition and the distinction between them. Certainly, such trademarks become objects of unfair competition, as third parties, without financial investment, use them in their activities, making a profit and damaging the reputation and quality of commonly known trademarks. The infringement could be a reproduction or imitation of a trademark, which indicates an associative connection with the image or semantics of a commonly known trademark used for marking homogeneous goods. This could be using an identical or similar trademark for dissimilar goods and services, or perhaps an identical or similar trademark for homogeneous goods and services, but in a different country. Therefore, to prevent the illegal and unfair use of commonly known trademarks, special protection has been established by international regulations. Accordingly, the article examines the background of well-known trademarks, famous trademarks and trademarks with a reputation and analyzes the international and national legislation governing this issue. The article also analyzes the legal protection of such categories as wellknown trademarks, famous trademarks and trademarks with reputation, their legal nature, the order of recognition.
ISSUES OF DISCRIMINATION IN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudriy National Law University, Hordieieva Kseniia , Kharytonova Olena ,   Yaroslav Mudriy National Law University
Published: May 2022

A national and international normatively-legal base and practice of application of antidiscriminatory positions in a criminal law and most problematic questions of counteraction to criminal offences perfect from reasons of intolerance are analysed in the article, in particular, legislative «novels» are estimated in relation to criminal responsibility for an antisemitism. Through the prism of approaches in relation to counteraction to discrimination, mine-out international judicial bodies, the national prospects of legal regulation are analysed in the field of given taking into account the prolonged negative influence of crimes perfect on soil of hatred, on social fabric. The author investigate the specific lines of separate types of discrimination, force of intersectional discrimination, its effect and sinergistical influence on the destructive consequences of discrimination and complications in counteraction to it and overcoming of its negative results. Among the important instruments of counteraction to discrimination the author notices on meaningfulness of the proper monitoring of such offences through the improvement of the systems of processing of statistical data taking into account the wide circle of factors of discrimination. Appears a no less actual instrument and the proper co-ordination and cooperation of the system of law enforcement authorities with society in part of creation of effective models of reacting on the crimes of hatred.
STATE SUPPORT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Lozynska Tamara , Slichenko Viktoriya ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: May 2022

The role of small and medium entrepreneurship (SME) in the conditions of structural shifts in the labor market is changed and the directions of state support for its development, including the martial law conditions, are substantiated. Attention is paid to the fluctuations in the dynamics of the number of SMEs in Ukraine and the main indicators of their economic activity. The reasons that cause the differences of Ukrainian SMEs in comparison with foreign countries are explained. The main reasons for slowing down the development of SMEs are revealed. As one of the reasons is considered imperfect tax regulation of SMEs, the tax innovations of 2022 and the tax mini- reform (March 2022), designed to reduce the tax burden during martial law are analyzed. It is also concluded that the objective conditions of the business environment of SMEs, in particular in the introduction of settlement registration equipment (CRE), are not sufficiently taken into account. The main activities of state support for SMEs are systematized, among which the provision of budgetary and non-governmental grants is a priority. The importance of state financial support to small and medium-sized enterprises, which is carried out through credit cheapening programs, is noted. Data on the use of such programs are given. The measures of state support through training and informing entrepreneurs are summarized. It is stated that state support measures for SMEs do not take into account the trends in the spread of temporary and part-time employment (precariousness), which is especially clear in periods of economic crises, complex structural changes, military operations and other force majeure circumstances that cause waves of migration. It is concluded that the need for state support for small business is caused not only by the economic vulnerability of SMEs (limited material and technical base and financial resources, limited local markets and opportunities for development), but also by the latest trends in the labor market, as well as structural changes in the economy. The prospects of research into the state policy of SME support, taking into account the impact on its development of precariousness of the business environment are emphasized.
Unification Theory - An Introduction
Authors:   RWTH Aachen, LuFg Theoretical Computer Sciencet, Baader Franz , Schulz Klaus U. ,   CIS, Universität München
Published: May 2022

Equational unification is a generalization of syntactic unification in which semantic properties of function symbols are taken into account. For example, assume that the function symbol '+' is known to be commutative. Given the unication problem x + y ≐ a + b (where x and y are variables, and a and b are constants), an algorithm for syntactic unification would return the substitution {x ↦ a; y ↦ b} as the only (and most general) unifier: to make x + y and a + b syntactically equal, one must replace the variable x by a and y by b. However, commutativity of '+' implies that {x ↦ b; y ↦ b} also is a unifier in the sense that the terms obtained by its application, namely b + a and a + b, are equal modulo commutativity of '+'. More generally, equational unification is concerned with the problem of how to make terms equal modulo a given equational theory, which specifies semantic properties of the function symbols that occur in the terms to be unified.
Revealing the unknown aspects of initial steps of prenylated flavin mononucleotide biosynthesis – the role of Lys129 in PaUbiX
Authors: Zaczek Szymon , Dybala-Defratyka Agnieszka
Published: May 2022

Background Prenylated flavin mononucleotide (prFMN) is a recently discovered, heavily modified flavin compound. It is the only known cofactor that enables enzymatic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. It is produced by enzymes from the UbiX family, from flavin mononucleotide and either dimethylallyl mono- or diphosphate. prFMN biosynthe-sis is currently reported to be initiated by protonation of the substrate by Glu140. Methods Computational chemistry methods are applied herein - mostly different flavors of molecular dynamics MD, such as Constant pH MD, hybrid Quantum-Mechanical / Molecular Mechanical MD, and classical MD. Results Glu140 competes for a single proton with Lys129 prior to the prFMN biosynthesis but it is the latter that adopted a protonated state throughout most of the simulation time. Lys129 interacts very strongly with Glu140 and it plays a key role in the positioning of the DMAP’s phosphate group within the PaUbiX active site throughout different steps of prFMN biosynthesis Conclusions The role of Lys129 in the functioning of PaUbiX is reported for the first time. The severity of interactions between Glu140, Lys129, and DMAP’s phosphate group might enable an unusual decoupling of phosphate’s protonation from the DMAP’s breakdown. This behavior is most likely conserved throughout the UbiX family to the structur-al resemblance of active sites of those proteins. Significance Mechanistic insights into a crucial biochemical process, biosynthesis of prFMN, are provided. This study, alt-hough purely computational, extends and perfectly complements the knowledge obtained in classical laboratory experiments.
A compact photoreactor for automated H2 photoproduction: revisiting the (Pd, Pt, Au)/TiO2 (P25) Schottky junctions
Authors: Jiménez-Calvo Pablo , Muñoz-Batista Mario J. , Isaacs Mark , Li Xiaoyan , Muñoz-Márquez Miguel Ángel , Teobaldi Gilberto , Kociak Mathieu , Paineau Erwan
Published: May 2022

The configuration and geometry of chemical reactors underpins the accuracy of performance evaluation for photocatalytic materials and, accordingly, the development and validation of thermodynamic and kinetic model reactions. The lack of accurate photonic, mass, and heat transport profiles for photochemical reactors hinder standardization, scale-up, and ultimately comparison between different experiments. This work proposes two contributions at the interface between engineering of chemical process and materials science: (A) an automated compact stainless-steel photoreactor with 40 cm3 and 65 cm2 of volume and area, respectively, for hydrogen photoproduction as a model reaction and (B) the synthesis, characterization, and performance of TiO2 Schottky junctions, using Pd, Pt, or Au nanoparticles (ca. 0.5, 1, 2wt.% loadings each) to validate the operation of the reactor. A photonic profile methodology is implemented to the studied reactor to obtain the local light absorption profile, opening up for evaluation of the local quantum yield calculation for the selected materials. A combination of transmission electron microscopy, (X-ray/ultraviolet) photoelectron/electron, energy loss/infrared spectroscopies, X-ray scattering, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry is employed to determine the distinctive surface and bulk properties to build structure-function correlations. The (Pd, Pt, Au)/TiO2 Schottky junction exhibits H2 production rates slightly higher than previous studies, with quantum yields almost 2-fold higher than reported values. These results, demonstrate that the proposed novel geometry of the photoreactor improves the photonic, heat, and mass profiles. An in-depth analysis of the Au plasmon was investigated coupling electron energy loss spectroscopy, UV-vis, and transmission electron microscope, resulting in insightful information about the Au NP mode at the TiO2 interface.
Modelling the effect of defects and disorder in amorphous metal−organic frameworks
Authors: Bechis Irene , Sapnik Adam , Tarzia Andrew , Wolpert Emma , Addicoat Matthew , Keen David , Bennett Thomas , Jelfs Kim
Published: May 2022

Amorphous metal−organic frameworks (aMOFs) are a class of disordered framework materials with a defined local order given by the connectivity between inorganic nodes and organic linkers, but absent longer-range order. The rational development of function for aMOFs is hindered by our limited understanding of the underlying structure-property relationships in these systems, a consequence of the absence of long-range order, which makes experimental characterization particularly challenging. Here, we use a versatile modelling approach to generate in-silico structural models for an aMOF based on Fe trimers and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate (BTC) linkers, Fe-BTC. We build a phase space for this material that includes nine amorphous phases with different degrees of defects and local order. These models are analyzed through a combination of structural analysis, pore analysis and pair distribution functions. Therefore, we are able to systematically explore the effects of the variation of each of these features, both in isolation and combined, for a disordered MOF system, something that would not be possible through experiment alone. We find that the degree of local order has a greater impact on structure and properties than the degree of defects. The approach presented here is versatile and allows for the study of different structural features and MOF chemistries, enabling the development of design rules for the rational design of aMOFs.