bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SCREENING OF RICE VARIETIES TOLERANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE TO IRON TOXICITY IN INLAND VALLEY SWAMPS (IVS) IN SIERRA LEONE
Authors:   Crop Science Department School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Njala University, Sierra Leone., M. Massaquoi Mustapha , S. George Melvin ,   Crop Science Department School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Njala University, Sierra Leone., A. Kassoh Fayia ,   Crop Science Department School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Njala University, Sierra Leone., M. Bah Alieu ,   Crop Science Department School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Njala University, Sierra Leone.
Published: April 2024

Iron toxicity is a nutrient disorder, which is brought about by the uptake of Fe (II) in amounts that disrupt or over-expressseveral metabolic processes, resulting in damage to the rice plant. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Sierra Leone Agricultural Business Initiatives (SABI) Center Newton to enable the screening of many different varieties thereby resulting in the identification of both tolerant and susceptible varieties that could be used as breeding materials for rice improvement programs in the tropics. The hot spot iron toxic soils used in the pot were weighed at a uniform rate The parameters or items of measurement to be looked at could be the dry weight of root, dry weight of stem, dry weight of filled grain, dry weight of unfilled grains, plant height (cm) of the genotypes, tiller number of the genotypes, leaf area (cm2)of the genotypes, phenotypic acceptability of the genotypes, Iron-toxicity score of the genotypes Based on their performance in terms of toxicity scores, dry root weight, stem weight, leaf area, unfilled grains, filled grains, tiller count, plant height, and phenotypic acceptability the following varieties have been identified as iron toxicity tolerant with high yield potential Gbassay, Rok-24, Chim, kiamp.
CUTANEOUS DERMATOPHYTOSIS MIMICKING AUTOIMMUNE BLISTERING DISORDER
Authors:   Final Year Post Graduate, Department of DVL, Narayana Medical College, Nellore 524003., Rathi Pooja , Kiran Raja Uday ,   Assistant Professor, Department of DVL, Narayana Medical College, Nellore 524003., G.R Heera ,   Final Year Post Graduate, Department of DVL, Narayana Medical College, Nellore 524003., Vijaya Mohan Rao A. ,   Professor & HOD, Department of DVL, Narayana Medical College, Nellore 524003.
Published: April 2024

Some infectious diseases can clinically present as vesiculobullous disorders. A case of 33-year-old male patient presented with red, itchy skin lesions and few fluid filled lesions over both groins since 2 months. On clinical examination, multiple tense bullae with clear fluid over background of well defined erythematous plaques over both groins were noted.Histopathological examination showed subepidermal blister with abundant fibrin and numerous eosinophils in the blister cavity.Based on the diagnosis of biopsy proven bullous pemphigoid patient was started on steroids ( Inj. Dexamethasone 2cc IV OD in morning ) as treatment for 5 days. But on day 6 patient developed papular lesions over the original site where erythematous plaques were present.To rule out infectious etiology, KOH(10%) wet mount examination of the scales from the borders of the lesion showed numerous thin septate fungal hyphae and culture for fungus from skin scrappings showed growth for trichophyton mentagrophytes.So here, a case of 33 year-old male with cutaneous dermatophytosis having presentation mimicking bullous pemphigoid both clinically and histopathologically has been described.
EFFECTS OF PETROL CONTAMINATED DIET AND WATER ONGLUCOSE, LIVER GLYCOGEN, PLASMA LACTATE AND LIPID PROFILE IN MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors:   Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria., Grace Olufunmilayo Isehunwa , Joseph Chimezie ,   Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria., Ruth Oluwakemi Oyelade ,   Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Published: April 2024

Exposure to petrol have been shown to cause detrimental health effects. Literature is sparse on whether exposure to petrol causes metabolic disorders. This study investigated the effects of petrol contaminated diet andwater on blood glucose, liver glycogen, plasma lactate, triglycerides and lipid profile in male Wistar rats. The study was divided into two phases. Phase one study consisted of 15 male Wistar rats divided into three groups (n = 5/group). Groups 1-3 were given distilled water, petrol-contaminated diet (20 mL petrol/200 g rodent chow PCD), and petrol-contaminated water (0.5 mL/kg PCW) orally and respectively for .two weeks. In the phase two study, 15 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n = 5/group), animals in groups 1-3 received distilled water, petrol contaminated diet, and petrol-contaminated water orally and respectively for four weeks.At the end of the experiment, fasting blood glucose, liver glycogen, plasma lactate, triglycerides and lipid profie were measured.The results of this study showed that the administration of petrol contaminated diet and water caused significant increase in plasma lactate levels, triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)and a significant reduction in liver glycogen and high density lipoprotein( HDL) in male Wistar rats. In conclusion, the study revealed that, exposure of rats to petrol contaminated diet and water caused changes in lipid profile, altered glucose and lipid metabolism in male Wistar rats. Exposure to petrol should therefore be restricted or avoided.
STUDY OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING DIFFICULT ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION WHO PRESENTED TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT IN RAMKRISHNA CARE HOSPITAL, RAIPUR, CHHATTISGARH
Authors:   Registration number- C. G. M. C. 11396/21 Dissertation submitted to Society of Emergency Medicine, India., Kumar Agrawal Sankit , Singh Santosh ,   MBBS. MEM CONSULTANT AND HEAD (EMERGENCY MEDICINE)., Kashyap Richa ,   MBBS. MEM Consultant (Emergency Medicine).
Published: April 2024

Background: A thorough but brief airway assessment is important and challenging for patients requiring advanced airway assessment. The study aimed to provide knowledge about the factors leading to difficult endotracheal intubation, reduce the number of attempts which will lead to more successful intubation and improve the overall quality of the procedure. Material Methods: A total of 293 patients were selected based on consecutive sampling methods. After ethical committee clearance data was collected using a data collection form. Age, gender, obesity,pre-existing medical conditions, and facial malformations were recorded for each participant. Airway assessment tests such as mouth opening, thyromental distance, hyomental distance, short neck, and Mallampati classes were conducted by investigators. Inclusion criteria were based on 1. The patient who is alive 2. The patient who needs advanced airway management The exclusion criteria were 1. The patient presented in the emergency department with ventilator support 2. Patient who didnt give consent 3. Patients below 14 years of age(pediatric age group) Data was initially entered into an Excel data sheet and then exported to SPSS Statistics version 22 for analysis. Results:From July 2022 to Aug 2023, a total of 293 patients were included in the study. Of these, 170 were male and 123 were female. Under 65 years of age 40 (43.5%) had difficult intubation whereas above 65 years 52(56.5%) had difficult intubation. 134 patients were obese resulting in difficult intubation. Female patients, those suffering from systemic diseases and facial malformation or fracture were found to be more difficult to intubate. We recognized that Mallampati classes â‰¥3, mouth opening < 4cm, short thyromental distance, and hyomental distance, were also associated with difficult intubation. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the related factors determined that the odds ratio was highest for mouth opening <4 cm (OR = 3.613) and Thyromental distance <6cm (OR = 3.157) Conclusion: Factors affecting difficult intubation were constructed from the patients demographic characteristics and clinical examination. This may help in discriminating against difficult intubation.This will also help in the overall success rate of first attempts of endotracheal intubation in the emergency department.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME ANALYSIS WITH PRISM III SCORE OF PATIENTS ADMITTED TO A PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors:   Kokila Ben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Center Mumbai., Ahirwar Priyanka , Joshi Vinay ,   Kokila Ben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Center Mumbai., Joshi Preetha ,   Kokila Ben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Center Mumbai.
Published: April 2024

Epidemiological profile and outcome analysis with prism III score of patient admitted in pediatric intensive care unit of tertiary hospital.
INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF FALLEN APPLE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING COWS
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Animal Nutrition Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttarpradesh., S. Srividhya , Singh Putan ,   Principal Scientist, Animal Nutrition Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttarpradesh., Khan Saha Subodh ,   Principal Scientist, Animal Nutrition Division, Indian Veterinar Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttarpradesh.
Published: April 2024

The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of supplementation of feeding fallen apple on the performance of lactating cows. Eighteen multiparous dairy cows (2-4 lactation number) were divided into three groups based on the average milk yield. The animals in the group-1(6 cows, average milk yield of 7.34 kg per day,control group- C) where fed maize fodder, concentrate mixture as per the requirement, while the animals in the group-2(6 cows, average milk yield of 7.35 kg per day, Apple fed group, T1) were fed maize fodder, concentrate mixture as per the requirement and chopped fresh fallen apple 4 kg per animal per day, while the animals in the group-3 (6 cows, average milk yield of 7.37 kg per day, Urea treated apple fed group, T2) where fed maize fodder, concentrate mixture as per the requirement and 4% urea treated fallen apple 500g per animal per day. The milk yield in lactating cows of C, T1 and T2 were comparable and did not vary significantly. There were no significant differences in the haematological parameters of C, T1 and T2 groups. Dry matter intake (DMI) was similar among the three groups. Average fortnightly body weight were not statistically significant among the three experimental groups. It was observed that apparent digestibility coefficients (%) of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were comparable among the three groups. The milk yield, dry matter intake, fortnightly body weight changes, digestibility of the nutrients were also not statistically significant among the threegroups. Hence, it is concluded that the supplementation of fallen apple and urea treated apple on the lactating cows did not affect significantly the intake and digestibility of nutrients as well as milk production and its composition.
ETUDE EPIDEMIOLOGIQUE DES IMMOLATIONS PRIS EN CHARGE AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE MOHAMMED VI DE MARRAKECH : A PROPOS DE 48 CAS
Authors: Oudrhiri O. , Atiqi O. El , Amrani MD.El , Benchamkha Y.
Published: April 2024

Immolation by fire is an impulsive, traumatic gesture towards patients and medical professionals. The consequences of this behavior are drastic on the therapeutic, functional and financial levels. A descriptive and retrospective study on immolations treated at the MOHAMMED VI University Hospital in MARRAKESH between 2016 and 2023 was conducted in order to analyze the epidemiological and clinical data of immolations as well as their prevalence compared to other developed or developing countries. Between 2016 and 2023, 830 patients were hospitalized in our ward, 48 of them, were victims of immolation (5.7%). The average age was 32.2 years, mostly men (77%). Most patients were from rural areas (62.5%) and 70% were unemployed. 2% of patients suffered from a psychiatric history and 38% were drug addicts, regardless of their gender. Marital conflicts represented 38.5% and was the main cause of getting immolated , then family causes came in second with 15.4%. Gasoline was the most used product by patients with (86.4%) then white spirit (6.8%). For the clinical data, the average total body surface area was 35.1% , 86,4% of patients had an associated burns concerning their face, anterior trunk and upper limbs. All victims suffered from deep burns (second and third degree burns). Several scores were analyzed, the average UBS was 60.8 with 23.1% of patients presenting serious burns with an UBS > 100. Thus, 38.5% of those immolated patients had an ABSI between 8-12 with a survival <50%. The average length of hospitalization was 10.5 days, of which 68.5% of patients survived, depending on functional and aesthetic after-effects. We reported 38,5% of patients were dead. Immolation represents, a serious public health problem due to its dimensions and its serious social and economic consequences.
LIVER FIBROSIS AND STEATOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors:   EFD-HGE Unit, Ibn Sina hospital, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Essadni Y. , Salihoun M. ,   EFD-HGE Unit, Ibn Sina hospital, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Serraj I. ,   EFD-HGE Unit, Ibn Sina hospital, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Acharki M. ,   EFD-HGE Unit, Ibn Sina hospital, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Kabbaj N. ,   EFD-HGE Unit, Ibn Sina hospital, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: April 2024

Background :The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is notably high among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to assess the potential utility of transient elastography (TE), a technique capable of measuring both fibrosis and liver fat content simultaneously, as a screening tool for hepatic involvement in patients with T2DM. Material and methods : Its a retrospective study spanned from January 2019 to January 2024 and included all patients diagnosed with T2DM who underwent TE. LSM values were determined using a Fibroscan 502 touch (Echosens SA, Paris, France) with the original M or XL probe selected based on the patients body weight or subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness, as per the manufacturers guidelines. TE scans were considered reliable when a minimum of 10 successful acquisitions were obtained, and the interquartile range-to-median ratio of the 10 acquisitions was â‰¤0.3. Results : A total of 124 patients with T2DM who underwent TE examination were included. 46 males and 78 females. The mean BMI of the patients was 33.2Â±6.6 kg/m2. The mean LSM was 7.1Â±3.4 kPa. LSM values exhibited significant correlations with BMI (p<0.001) and AST (p<0.001). The mean CAP value was 317Â±54 dB/m. Univariate correlation analyses demonstrated significant associations between CAP values and BMI (p<0.001). We found higher ALT levels (p<0.05) in patients with F3/F4 fibrosis. Both patients with mild and severe steatosis had higher ALT levels than those without (both p<0.05). However, ALT values did not differ significantly according to steatosis severity (p=0.69). Conclusion : Our results contribute to the existing body of evidence across various studies, approving the clinical utility of LSM and CAP for concurrent screening of liver fibrosis and steatosis in patients with T2DM.
PROTEIN ANALYSIS FROM DIFFERENT BODY TISSUES OF THREE IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL RACES OF MULBERRY SILKWORM BOMBYXMORI(L)BY USING BRADFORD METHOD
Authors:   Department of Studies and Research in Zoology, Tumkur University, Tumakuru 572103, Karnataka, India., K.M Ravikiran , Simon Simi ,   Department of Studies and Research in Zoology, Tumkur University, Tumakuru 572103, Karnataka, India., K.B Roopa ,   Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru 572103, Karnataka, India., Nuzhat F.B Asiya ,   Department of Studies and Research in Zoology, Tumkur University, Tumakuru 572103, Karnataka, India.
Published: April 2024

The mulberry silkworm Bombyxmori L. is one of the economically beneficial insect. Natural silk is produced by silkworm which converts mulberry leaf protein in to silk. Three mulberry silkworm races viz.,two single hybrid FC1(CSR6Ã—CSR26), FC2(CSR2Ã—CSR27)and one bivoltinedouble hybrid FC1Ã— FC2[(CSR6Ã—CSR26) Ã— (CSR2Ã—CSR27)] were selected for the present study. The main aim of present study was made an attempt to analyse and compare the protein content in Haemolymph, Midgut, Silkgland and Fatbodyselected silkworm races of fifth instar larvae. Data obtained were statistically analysed with two way ANOVA method at (p<0.001), (p<0.005) and (p<0.05) level of significance. High level of significance (p<0.001)were recorded in silkgland compared to haemolymph, midgut and fatbody in all selected silkworm races whichcomparing the protein content in haemolymph and midgut of all selected silkworm FC1Ã— FC2races shows (p<0.001) significance compared to FC1 (p<0.005) and FC2 (p<0.05), protein content in silkgland and fat body shows (p<0.001) in FC1Ã— FC2 compared to FC1 and FC2respectively. The results therefore, showed bivoltinedouble hybrid silkworm is superior in protein content in all examined different tissues and the study would be of great help to farmers to choose the better silkworm races for rearing purpose.
The Australian Paradigm: A Point in Time Snapshot of Gifted Education Across Australian State and Territory Policy Documents, Guidance, and Web-Based Information
Authors:   University of New England, Thraves Genevieve
Published: April 2024

Gifted education has been recognised as a fractured field that can be categorised using varying paradigmatic approaches. Over the past thirty years, Gagné’s Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talents (DMGT) has maintained a strong influence in Australia, which means that the paradigmatic assumptions that are present in this model have shaped the Australian policy landscape. With recent changes in the gifted education policy and guidance space in many Australian states and territories, it is appropriate to explore whether there is a paradigmatic shift occurring. This research adopted a document study methodology, and found that the DMGT is still a favoured model, which means that an essentialist vein continues to flow through many of the Australian state and territory gifted education approaches. At the same time, most states and territories are attempting to embrace more dynamic approaches to supporting giftedness, which leads to paradigmatic confusion at the policy and guidance level.
Non-Provision of Mental Health Services To Parents/Caregivers of Patients with Thalassemia Major in Southeast Asian Countries Despite High Prevalence: A Concerning Dilemma.
Authors: Ahmad Nabeel , Aslam Bilal , Khan Ramsha Mushtaq
Published: April 2024

Composing this correspondence to bring to your notice a significant matter that impacts the psychological health of parents and caretakers of individuals with thalassemia major in South Asian Countries: the absence of the availability of mental health provisions for this susceptible and vulnerable community.Thalassemia major is a genetic blood disorder that requires lifelong medical treatment and management. Caring for a child with thalassemia major can be emotionally and finan- cially challenging for parents and caregivers.1 Research has shown that parents of children with chronic illnesses like thalassemia major are at increased risk for physical distress, psychological ailment, and self-negligence.2 Caregivers are more prone to developing stress due to uncertainty of outcomes,financial burdens, hopelessness, lack of education regarding the treatment process, and deteriorating condition of their child.3
Climate change-induced spatiotemporal variations of land use land cover by using multitemporal satellite imagery analysis
Authors: Ahmad Izhar , Waseem Muhammad , Hussain Sadaquat , Leta Megersa Kebede
Published: April 2024

This study examines Islamabad's landscape changes over four decades, attributing land degradation to shifts in land use and cover. Using Landsat imagery from 1980 to 2023, it analyzes urban growth in five categories. By employing the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), it notes built-up areas expanding to 61% by 2023, agricultural land contraction, and fluctuating forest cover. Water bodies and bare land decrease significantly. With high accuracy values, NDVI fluctuates from +0.4523 in 1980 to +0.1596 in 2010, rebounding to +0.4422. Fluctuations in barren soil, vegetation, and built-up areas potentially contribute to temperature and rainfall changes. The study explores LULC and land surface temperature correlation. Surveyed respondents (755) express concerns about environmental changes, anticipating reduced rainfall and increased drought. Valuable for sustainable development goals, the study informs policy formulation for effective urban planning and land use control.
Why have SGLT2 Inhibitors Failed to Achieve the Desired Success in
COVID-19?
Authors: Cumhur Cure Medine , Cure Erkan
Published: April 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged towards the end of 2019 and caused a major worldwide pandemic
lasting at least 2 years, causing a disease called COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 caused a severe infection with direct
cellular toxicity, stimulation of cytokine release, increased oxidative stress, disruption of endothelial structure,
and thromboinflammation, as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) down-regulation-mediated
renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation. In addition to glucosuria and natriuresis, sodium-glucose transport
protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) cause weight loss, a decrease in glucose levels with an insulin-independent
mechanism, an increase in erythropoietin levels and erythropoiesis, an increase in autophagy and lysosomal
degradation, Na+/H+-changer inhibition, prevention of ischemia/reperfusion injury, oxidative stress
and they have many positive effects such as reducing inflammation and improving vascular function. There
was great anticipation for SGLT2i in treating patients with diabetes with COVID-19, but current data suggest
they are not very effective. Moreover, there has been great confusion in the literature about the effects of
SGLT2i on COVID-19 patients with diabetes . Various factors, including increased SGLT1 activity, lack of angiotensin
receptor blocker co-administration, the potential for ketoacidosis, kidney injury, and disruptions in
fluid and electrolyte levels, may have hindered SGLT2i's effectiveness against COVID-19. In addition, the duration
of use of SGLT2i and their impact on erythropoiesis, blood viscosity, cholesterol levels, and vitamin D
levels may also have played a role in their failure to treat the virus. This article aims to uncover the reasons for
the confusion in the literature and to unravel why SGLT2i failed to succeed in COVID-19 based on some solid
evidence as well as speculative and personal perspectives.
Skin Microbial Composition and Genetic Mutation Analysis in Precision
Medicine for Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Syafarina Inna , Mazaya Maulida , Indrawati Ariani , Akbar Sharfina Zahra , Sukowati Caecilia , Sadikin Rifki
Published: April 2024

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is an inherited skin disease representing a spectrum of rare
genetic disorders. These conditions share the common trait that causes fragile skin, resulting in the
development of blisters and erosions. The inheritance follows an autosomal pattern, and the array
of clinical presentations leads to significant physical suffering, considerable morbidity, and mortality.
Despite EB having no cure, effectively managing EB remains an exceptional challenge due to
its rarity and complexity, occasionally casting a profound impact on the lives of affected individuals.
Considering that EB management requires a multidisciplinary approach, this sometimes
worsens the condition of patients with EB due to inappropriate handling. Thus, more appropriate
and precise treatment management of EB is essentially needed. Advanced technology in medicine
and health comes into the bioinformatics era. Including treatment for skin diseases, omics-based
approaches aim to evaluate and handle better disease management and treatment. In this work, we
review several approaches regarding the implementation of omics-based technology, including genetics,
pathogenic mutation, skin microbiomics, and metagenomics analysis for EB. In addition,
we highlight recent updates on the potential of metagenomics analysis in precision medicine for
EB.
An Efficient Approach for Diabetes Classification Using Feature Selection and Hyperparameter Tuning
Authors: Lohani Bhanu Prakash , Dagur. Arvind , Shukla Dhirendra
Published: April 2024

Background:

Diabetes mellitus, stemming from insulin deficiency or resistance, poses
acute and chronic health issues driven by factors like age, obesity, genetics, and lifestyle. It significantly
impacts health, leading to conditions like heart disease, vision problems, and kidney dysfunction,
with a notable mortality rate reported by the WHO in 2019. The modern diet has escalated
diabetes risk. Machine learning techniques play a pivotal role in disease prediction, aiding
timely interventions.

Objective:

The primary aim of this research work is to explore and contrast the effectiveness of
various existing machine-learning models for diabetes disease classification. The goal is to identify
the optimal solution that yields the highest accuracy.

Methods:

In the initial phase, we implemented data pre-processing, followed by the application of
a diverse range of machine learning methods to classify diabetes mellitus. Subsequently, a comprehensive
analysis was conducted on machine learning algorithms, considering both the complete
dataset features and those selected through Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The assessment
covered various metrics such as accuracy score, precision, F1 score, and log loss for Support Vector
Classifier (SVC), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Random Forest (RF), ADA Boost, XG Boost,
Extra Tree, and Decision Tree. Ultimately, the introduction of hyperparameter tuning was aimed
at enhancing performance and attaining the highest level of accuracy.

Results:

The proposed model HSVC combines the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) feature
selection strategy with optimized hyperparameters, showcasing outstanding performance and
achieving an accuracy of 98.66%.

Conclusion:

The models developed in this study can potentially be applied or recommended for
the classification of other health conditions in different domains, such as Parkinson’s disease,
heart disease, and many more.

conclusion:

The use of machine learning (ML) techniques is highly regarded for its effectiveness in disease diagnosis. By detecting diseases early, patients can receive prompt medical attention, leading to improved health outcomes. This study examines several ML classification models for predicting diabetes in patients, with a focus on their accuracy. After examining several ML classification models, we have concluded that SVM is providing the best result on the chosen dataset. Then we have applied the concept of hyper tuning parameter with SVM and the improved accuracy was 98.66% for diabetes classification. The models developed in this study can potentially
Análise dos gestos enfáticos e relação com o conteúdo verbal em discurso político: Patrice Talon vs. Emmanuel Macron
Authors: Zossou Alban Aminou
Published: April 2024

he aim of this article is a qualitative analysis, based on theoretical approaches, of the illocutionary force of gestures in political discourse, i.e. which gestures express greater illocutionary force, which will be carried out through the comparison of the speeches of Presidents Patrice Talon and Emmanuel Macron at the Press Conference given during the President's working visit to Benin on July 27th2022. The work is relevant for enabling the understanding of how, in discourse, gestures contribute not only to the expression of strong involvement and argumentative conviction but also to the impact of the discourse on listeners/observers.
Een nieuwe economische orde?
Authors: Barbarin Mélissa
Published: April 2024

Hoe kunnen we het kapitalisme achter ons laten en overstappen op een eco-socialistische maatschappij? Als antwoord op deze vraag stelt David Schweickart de successor-system theory voor met als doel een nieuwe, concrete economische orde op te bouwen.
The science of microbiology: black and white
Authors: Noskova Ya. A. , Drobotya N. V. , Chaplygina E. V. , Kharseeva G. G.
Published: April 2024

The article provides information about outstanding scientists who selflessly fought against the causative agents of the most dangerous infectious diseases over the centuries of human existence. The contribution to the fight against epidemics of Russian and Soviet scientists is shown, who experimented with self-infection on themselves, testing new vaccines and methods of nonspecific prevention of severe infections.
The state of central and peripheral hemodynamics in patients with out-of-hospital pneumonia associated with subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Chaika N. V. , Pobedyonnaya G. P.
Published: April 2024

Objective: to investigate the state of сеntral and peripheral hemodynamics in patients with out-of–hospital pneumonia (OHP) combined with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Materials and methods: the study was conducted in 132 patients with OHP of clinical groups II-III, including 64 with OHP combined with SН — the main group, and 68 with OHP without SН (comparison group). The average age of the patients was 37.4±3.3 years, including 74 women among the studied, 58 men. The state of microcirculation in patients was studied by biomicroscopy of the bulbar conjunctiva using a slit lamp with the calculation of conjunctival indices, intravascular aggregation of shaped blood elements was observed in the presence of a sludge phenomenon according to N. Knisely (1965), and central cardiohemodynamics parameters were determined. Results: in patients with OHP, along with small clinical signs of hypertension, laboratory data were revealed: TSH — (6,4±0,6) мIU/ml, free T4 — (13,2±1,1) pmol/L, the level of ATP — 53,7±2,3 IU/ml — microcirculatory disorders with changes in the microvascular wall, sludge in them, perivascular changes, as well as dysfunction of the right and left ventricles of the heart. Conclusions: the combination of OHP and SH in patients is accompanied by significant microvascular shifts, which are associated with disorders of central cardiohemodynamics in the form of dysfunction of the right and left ventricles of the heart. The found correlations between the parameters of cardiohemodynamics and microcirculation in patients with OHP combined with SH and TSH levels confirm the negative effect of subclinical hypothyroidism on the state of central and peripheral hemodynamics in patients.
The effect of knee replacement on renal function in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Eliseyeva L. N. , Tikhomirova N. Yu. , Zhdamarova O. I. , Kartashova S. V. , Malkhasyan I. G.
Published: April 2024

Objective: to evaluate the effect of knee replacement on kidney function in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: at stage 1, 308 people suffering from hypertension (GB), stage III osteoarthritis of the knee joint (OA CS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were examined. GB occurred in 308 people, DM — in 66 people, and OA CS — in 216 people. Depending on the presence of OA CS, observation and comparison groups were identified. Within each group, subgroups are distinguished by the presence of SD: subgroup 1 (n=170)  — OA CS +GB, subgroup 2 (n=46) — OA CS+GB+SD, subgroup 3 (n=72) — GB, subgroup 4 (n=20) — GB+SD. At stage 2, the dynamics of GFR after total knee arthroplasty (TEP CS) in subgroups 1 and 2 and against the background of AGT therapy in subgroups 3 and 4 were evaluated. Results: at the 1st stage, it was found that the proportion of people with GFR 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 was significantly higher in subgroup 1 (OA CS+GB) compared with subgroup 3 of patients with GB without joint pathology (40.6% vs. 12.5%, p0.01). The presence of DM in patients with GB significantly affected renal filtration function, which is reflected in an increase in serum creatinine levels in subgroup 4 (GB+DM) by 20.02% and a decrease in GFR by 15.35%.

Against the background of the performed TEP in the group with GB, 64.06% had a stable GFR value or its increase, and in the subgroup of GB+ DM after TEP, 72.41% of patients had an increase or stable state of renal filtration capacity. At the same time, during the same follow-up period in the comparison group (in patients with GB without comorbid conditions), only 39.13% of cases had stable GFR values, and a decrease in GFR was recorded in 60.87%. At the same time, the dynamics of GFR values manifested itself in an increase of 11.19% in patients of subgroup 5 (TEP CS + GB) and by 12.47% in the group of the described knee joint intervention with a combination of GB and DM. In patients with controlled hypertension, GFR decreased by 6.6%. Conclusion: knee replacement in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus can slow down the rate of GFR reduction.
Pathogenesis and clinical forms of human listeriosis
Authors: Tyukavkina S. Yu. , Kotieva I. M. , Dodokhova M. A. , Grechina D. A. , Babiev S. A. , Kharseeva G. G.
Published: April 2024

Listeriosis is a saprozoonotic infection caused in humans mainly by the species Listeria monocytogenes. Its source can be objects of the external environment (soil and water of open reservoirs with a high content of organic compounds, plants) and more than 90 species of animals. The high metabolic activity of listeria and resistance to adverse factors create the possibility of an easy transition from a saprophytic to a parasitic type of metabolism when ingested by the host. A variety of transmission routes and "entrance gates" cause the emergence of a variety of primary localized forms of infection, the most common of which is gastrointestinal. Invasive forms of listeriosis develop mainly in people with immunological insufficiency. "Risk groups" are pregnant women, newborns, people with comorbid conditions, over 60 years old, drug addicts, etc. They are characterized by polymorphism of symptoms, the absence of specific manifestations. Pathogenicity factors of L. are important in the pathogenesis of infection. monocytogenes, providing their incomplete phagocytosis, intracellular parasitism, high rate of colonization of neighboring healthy cells, the formation of antibiotic resistance. The pathological expression of changes caused by listeria in cells is the formation of small granulomas — listeriomas. The "diversity" of listeriosis, the high mortality rate (up to 50% or more) and the low alertness of doctors regarding this infection create difficulties in making a diagnosis, and therefore the improvement of microbiological diagnostic methods is of particular importance.
Does an App a Day Keep the Doctor Away? AI Symptom Checker Applications, Entrenched Bias, and Professional Responsibility
Authors: Zawati Ma'n H , Lang Michael
Published: April 2024

The growing prominence of artificial intelligence (AI) in mobile health (mHealth) has given rise to a distinct subset of apps that provide users with diagnostic information using their inputted health status and symptom information—AI-powered symptom checker apps (AISympCheck). While these apps may potentially increase access to health care, they raise consequential ethical and legal questions. This paper will highlight notable concerns with AI usage in the health care system, further entrenchment of preexisting biases in the health care system and issues with professional accountability. To provide an in-depth analysis of the issues of bias and complications of professional obligations and liability, we focus on 2 mHealth apps as examples—Babylon and Ada. We selected these 2 apps as they were both widely distributed during the COVID-19 pandemic and make prominent claims about their use of AI for the purpose of assessing user symptoms. First, bias entrenchment often originates from the data used to train AI systems, causing the AI to replicate these inequalities through a “garbage in, garbage out” phenomenon. Users of these apps are also unlikely to be demographically representative of the larger population, leading to distorted results. Second, professional accountability poses a substantial challenge given the vast diversity and lack of regulation surrounding the reliability of AISympCheck apps. It is unclear whether these apps should be subject to safety reviews, who is responsible for app-mediated misdiagnosis, and whether these apps ought to be recommended by physicians. With the rapidly increasing number of apps, there remains little guidance available for health professionals. Professional bodies and advocacy organizations have a particularly important role to play in addressing these ethical and legal gaps. Implementing technical safeguards within these apps could mitigate bias, AIs could be trained with primarily neutral data, and apps could be subject to a system of regulation to allow users to make informed decisions. In our view, it is critical that these legal concerns are considered throughout the design and implementation of these potentially disruptive technologies. Entrenched bias and professional responsibility, while operating in different ways, are ultimately exacerbated by the unregulated nature of mHealth.
Attributes, Quality, and Downloads of Dementia-Related Mobile Apps for Patients With Dementia and Their Caregivers: App Review and Evaluation Study
Authors: Chen Tzu Han , Lee Shin-Da , Ma Wei-Fen
Published: April 2024

Background

The adoption of mobile health (mHealth) apps among older adults (>65 years) is rapidly increasing. However, use of such apps has not been fully effective in supporting people with dementia and their caregivers in their daily lives. This is mainly attributed to the heterogeneous quality of mHealth apps, highlighting the need for improved app quality in the development of dementia-related mHealth apps.

Objective

The aims of this study were (1) to assess the quality and content of mobile apps for dementia management and (2) to investigate the relationship between app quality and download numbers.

Methods

We reviewed dementia-related mHealth apps available in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store in Taiwan. The identified mobile apps were stratified according to a random sampling approach and evaluated by five independent reviewers with sufficient training and proficiency in the field of mHealth and the related health care sector. App quality was scored according to the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale. A correlation analysis was then performed between the app quality score and number of app downloads.

Results

Among the 17 apps that were evaluated, only one was specifically designed to provide dementia-related education. The mean score for the overall app quality was 3.35 (SD 0.56), with the engagement (mean 3.04, SD 0.82) and information (mean 3.14, SD 0.88) sections of the scale receiving the lowest ratings. Our analyses showed clear differences between the top three– and bottom three–rated apps, particularly in the entertainment and interest subsections of the engagement category where the ratings ranged from 1.4 to 5. The top three apps had a common feature in their interface, which included memory, attention, focus, calculation, and speed-training games, whereas the apps that received lower ratings were found to be deficient in providing adequate information. Although there was a correlation between the number of downloads (5000 or more) and app quality (t15=4.087, P<.001), this may not be a significant determinant of the app’s perceived impact.

Conclusions

The quality of dementia-related mHealth apps is highly variable. In particular, our results show that the top three quality apps performed well in terms of engagement and information, and they all received more than 5000 downloads. The findings of this study are limited due to the small sample size and possibility of disregarding exceptional occurrences. Publicly available expert ratings of mobile apps could help people with dementia and their caregivers choose a quality mHealth app.
Co-Design, Development, and Evaluation of a Mobile Solution to Improve Medication Adherence in Cancer: Design Science Research Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Dang Thu Ha , Wickramasinghe Nilmini , Forkan Abdur Rahim Mohammad , Jayaraman Prem Prakash , Burbury Kate , O’Callaghan Clare , Whitechurch Ashley , Schofield Penelope
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Medication nonadherence negatively impacts the health outcomes of people with cancer as well as health care costs. Digital technologies present opportunities to address this health issue. However, there is limited evidence on how to develop digital interventions that meet the needs of people with cancer, are perceived as useful, and are potentially effective in improving medication adherence.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to co-design, develop, and preliminarily evaluate an innovative mobile health solution called Safety and Adherence to Medication and Self-Care Advice in Oncology (SAMSON) to improve medication adherence among people with cancer.

METHODS

Using the 4 cycles and 6 processes of design science research methodology, we co-designed and developed a medication adherence solution for people with cancer. First, we conducted a literature review on medication adherence in cancer and a systematic review of current interventions to address this issue. Behavioral science research was used to conceptualize the design features of SAMSON. Second, we conducted 2 design phases: prototype design and final feature design. Last, we conducted a mixed methods study on patients with hematological cancer over 6 weeks to evaluate the mobile solution.

RESULTS

The developed mobile solution, consisting of a mobile app, a web portal, and a cloud-based database, includes 5 modules: medication reminder and acknowledgment, symptom assessment and management, reinforcement, patient profile, and reporting. The quantitative study (n=30) showed that SAMSON was easy to use (21/27, 78%). The app was engaging (18/27, 67%), informative, increased user interactions, and well organized (19/27, 70%). Most of the participants (21/27, 78%) commented that SAMSON’s activities could help to improve their adherence to cancer treatments, and more than half of them (17/27, 63%) would recommend the app to their peers. The qualitative study (n=25) revealed that SAMSON was perceived as helpful in terms of reminding, supporting, and informing patients. Possible barriers to using SAMSON include the app glitches and users’ technical inexperience. Further needs to refine the solution were also identified. Technical improvements and design enhancements will be incorporated into the subsequent iteration.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the successful application of behavioral science research and design science research methodology to design and develop a mobile solution for patients with cancer to be more adherent. The study also highlights the importance of applying rigorous methodologies in developing effective and patient-centered digital intervention solutions.
A hierarchical framework for selecting reference measures for the analytical validation of sensor-based digital health technologies (Preprint)
Authors: Bakker Jessie P , McClenahan Samantha J , Fromy Piper , Turner Simon , Peterson Barry T , Vandendriessche Benjamin , Goldsack Jennifer C
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Sensor-based digital health technologies (sDHTs) are increasingly used to support scientific and clinical decision-making. The digital clinical measures they generate offer enormous benefits, including providing more patient-relevant data, improving patient access, reducing costs, and driving inclusion across healthcare ecosystems. Scientific best practices and regulatory guidance now provide clear direction to investigators seeking to evaluate sDHTs and document claims related to their suitability for use in different contexts. However, the quality of the evidence reported for analytical validation of sDHTs —evaluation of algorithms converting sample-level sensor data into a measure that is clinically interpretable— is inconsistent and too often insufficient to support rigorous claims based on digital clinical measures. We propose a hierarchical framework to address challenges related to selecting the most appropriate reference measure for conducting analytical validation, as dictated by the medical claims related to the sDHT algorithm, and codify best practices and an approach that will help capture the greatest value of sDHTs for public health, patient care, and medical product development.
Research on the Internet Behavior of Teenagers in Xi'an and Its Parental Intervention Mechanism
Authors: Long Jiahao
Published: April 2024

With the development of modern Internet technology, China's Internet services are playing an increasingly important role in youth theme education and youth growth and development. People's understanding of the growth and development of adolescents is limited to their physical fitness and intellectual development, and less attention is paid to the mental health of adolescents. To this end, this article plans to use a questionnaire survey method to conduct research. Through the survey, we can promote the continued development of the mental health of teenagers, so that more teenagers and parents can get better communication, so that teenagers can have a better growth environment, and more Good healthy growth and happy development.
A MOLECULAR MODELLING APPROACH FOR STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL ISOXAZOLES AS POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST S. AUREUS
Authors: JAYS JUDY , SARAVANAN J.
Published: April 2024

Objective: Universal use of antibacterial agents and swift development of resistance by the microorganisms pose a major threat to public health. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop novel antimicrobials. Isoxazole derivatives exhibiting versatile biological activities have been widely used as important scaffolds in the field of drug designing.
Methods: Twenty isoxazole derivatives were virtually screened by means of the molecular docking approach in order to identify potential antimicrobials against the most common disease-causing bacteria, S. aureus. In silico studies were done to detect the selectivity of the novel isoxazole derivatives for the selected bacterial protein targets using ‘Glide’. In silico docking was carried out on few essential enzymes of S. aureus; Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), DNA gyrase, Dihydropteroate Synthetase (DHPS), Pyuvate kinase (PK). The compounds were subjected to energy minimization, followed by optimization and minimization of protein and generation of 3D grid at its active site. The ligands were subjected to molecular docking the Standard Precision and Extra Precision modes.
Results: Docking of the compounds with Pyruvate Kinase and dihydrofolate reductase are quite encouraging.2C (4-hydroxy) and 2D (4-hydroxy) analogues gavea G Score of-8.33 and-8.64 with DHFR and Pyruvate Kinase respectively. However, the dock scores for the other target proteins indicate that the scaffolds have not bound with those bacterial targets. Moreover, ADME studies indicate that the derivatives do not show any violations in the rules for the requirements of orally active drugs.
Conclusion: Study suggests that the derivatives 2C (4-hydroxy) and 2D(2-hydroxy) specifically bind to the active site of PK and DHFR. In silico ADME studies predicted the compounds to be “drug-like.” Hence the hydroxy derivatives may be considered as leads for further structural modifications to arrive at potential anti-bacterial agents.