bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte Shift Index and Subtypes of Acute Otitis Media in Children
Authors: Kuznetsova Nadezhda , Ponomareva Maria , Kuznetsova Tatiana
Published: March 2022

The aim of this research was to study the features of clinical and laboratory parameters of acute otitis media (AOM), taking into account the value of the leukocyte shift index (LSI) in pediatric patients with the demonstration of clinical cases. Methods and Results: This study included 100 children (55 boys and 45 girls) with AOM. The mean age of all patients was 4.32±0.31 years. Group 1 included 50 patients (30 boys and 20 girls) with acute suppurative otitis media (SupAOM) . Group 2 included 50 patients (25 boys and 25 girls)with acute serous otitis media (SerAOM). As a marker for determining the activity of the inflammatory process and the disorders of the immunological reactivity of the body, we chose LSI, calculated taking into account the parameters of the general blood test. Our results show the diagnostic significance of LSI in predicting the clinical course of AOM in patients in the age group of 2-16 years. The development of SerAOM is predicted when the LSI is 1.05±0.08; SupAOM - 2.08±0.23 The results obtained can be useful in providing specialized medical care for children of this age group, for optimizing the algorithms for preventive examinations and therapeutic interventions, and for offering the possibility of predicting the severity of the disease and timely treatment of SupAOM requiring a surgical intervention followed by systemic antibiotic therapy in order to prevent otogenic complications and hearing.
Providing the necessary type of metal microstructure of titanium and zirconium pipes.
Authors: Tomilo V. A. , Pilipenko S. V.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work is – providing deformation conditions for obtaining the required texture of pipes made of Ti-3Al-2.5V alloy based on the choice of rational values of the calibration parameters of the t ool – calibers and mandrels during cold pilger rolling of pipes for the required Q-factor distribution along the deformation cone.

Purpose of work – providing deformation conditions for obtaining the required texture of pipes made of Ti-3Al-2.5V alloy based on the choice of rational values of the calibration parameters of the tool – calibers and mandrels during cold pilger rolling of pipes for the required Q-factor distribution along the deformation cone. The research methods were based on the existing dependence, which describes the influence of the distribution of true compressions along the deformation cone along the wall thickness and along the average diameter, on the distribution of the Q-factor. Calibration calculation and calculation of all deformation parameters of the Cold Rolling Pipe Process was based on a number of existing theoretical and empirical dependencies included in the generally accepted adapted methods for their calculation.
Quality of manufacturing of gears from sparingly alloyed steel at all stages of technological conversion
Authors: Rudenko S. P. , Valko A. I. , Papkovski P. I. , Sandomirski S. G. , Karpovich P. G.
Published: March 2022

The advantages of sparingly alloyed steels for the manufacture of large-module gears are substantiated. A test output quality control of the manufacture of gears from rolled new structural sparingly alloyed steel 21ХГНМБА (21KhGNMBA) was carried out at all stages of technological conversion in the conditions of serial production. The efficiency of the developed technological processes of preliminary heat treatment of workpieces and chemical-thermal treatment of gears is shown. A significant reduction in the labor intensity of these processes is achieved in comparison with the processes of chemical-thermal treatment of steels with a high nickel content. Recommendations are given on the choice of an abrasive tool for grinding surface-hardened gears made of economically alloyed steel.
Requirements for the mass and heating of blanks selection in automated ring-rolling complexes
Authors: Antonyuk V. E. , Sandomirski S. G. , Yavorsky V. V. , Timoshenko N. P. , Budzinskaya A. V.
Published: March 2022

The conditions for choosing a billet mass for the manufacture of an ring part on an automated ring-rolling complex, the features of heating the billets in the conditions of an automated line and heat treatment of manufactured parts are considered. The expediency of differentiated assignment of tolerances for the rings’ sizes after ring rolling, depending on their type, conditions of subsequent mechanical treatment and operation, is substantiated. Attention is focused on the need to design a ring-rolling technology with control of the billet parameters not only during the cutting, heating and pressing operations, but also before the ring-rolling operation, especially when using reheating. To evaluate the technological temperature state of the ring blanks at different stages of manufacturing in an automated line, it is offered to use the billet’s “conventional temperature”, which is determined in the 2nd zone from the middle of the billet. The use of single gas heating of billets in rotary-hearth furnaces in the manufacture of annular billet on an automated line is justified. The problems of the automated ring rolling line and the heat treatment complex synchronization are determined. It is shown that the clock capacity of the automated ring rolling line significantly exceeds the clock capacity of the planned heat treatment complex. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop software for their synchronous operation.

The proposed recommendations are intended for the development of technological support for an automated ring-rolling complex at OJSC “PAK Plant” as part of “BELAZ-HOLDING”.
Working conditions of the formers workplaces
Authors: Lazarenkov A. M.
Published: March 2022

The working conditions of formers, production factors, determining them are considered. The results of the parameters study of formers working conditions compared to the standard values are given.
Main directions of development of materials science for creating new equipment
Authors: Getman A. A.
Published: March 2022

The issues of creating new materials with new properties, which will lead to fundamentally new devices and machines’ designs, are considered. In the twenty-first century, materials science is becoming one of the main fundamental and applied sciences that support technological progress and the further development of society.
Current state of metal melt crystallization theory. Foundry production and metallurgy
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: March 2022

The classical theory of crystallization of metal melts has been investigated. It is shown that it does not correspond to the second law of thermodynamics. Based on thermodynamic analysis, it was found that the classical theory of crystallization of metal melts is very problematic. To solve theoretical problems, it must be considered that the crystallization of metal melts is mainly an equilibrium process in which nanocrystals play a major role.
Nanostructural crystallization of cast iron
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: March 2022

Crystallization of cast iron has been shown to be a nanostructured process. Austenitic-graphite eutectic is formed from iron and graphite nanocrystals, free iron and graphite atoms. Austenitic-cementite eutectic is formed from iron and graphite nanocrystals, free graphite atoms and iron-carbon complexes. Primary austenite microcrystals are formed from iron nanocrystals, graphite and iron-carbon complexes.
Nanostructural crystallization of silumins
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: March 2022

The crystallization of silumins has been shown to be a nanostructured process. Liquid silumin consists of elementary nanocrystals of aluminum and silicon, free atoms of aluminum and silicon, aluminum-silicon complexes. Primary microcrystals are formed from them. Eutectic microcrystals are formed from elementary nanocrystals of silicon and aluminum, aluminumsilicon complexes.
Determination of the optimal horizontal boring mill for the repair of the pipe-rolling reduction-stretching mill’s body stands
Authors: Filonchik O. N.
Published: March 2022

The article defines the optimal equipment necessary for the repair of the body stands of a pipe-rolling reduction-stretching mill. The body stand of the mill crate, made of 40X structural alloy steel, undergoes wear of the bearing seats during operation. Body stands restoration is carried out by surfacing the worn surfaces of the part with subsequent machining to the dimensions specified in the design documentation. In the process of surfacing medium-carbon steels, carbides are formed, which leads to a sharp increase in hardness in the zone of thermal influence, which affects the durability of carbide plates and processing accuracy.

It is necessary to consider the geometric shape, dimensions, weight and material of the part while choosing equipment for repairing the body stand. Using a horizontal boring machine with a horizontal spindle performing rotational and translational movement of the axial feed, it is necessary to take into account the rigidity of the spindle, which affects the accuracy of processing, especially when restoring deep holes after surfacing with hardening surfacing materials. Bending the spindle can cause vibration and beating, which will affect the quality of the work performed. An increase in the rigidity of the machining can be achieved by using a drilling rod or by increasing the diameter of the spindle. Since it is necessary to restore deep blind holes in the repaired housing, it is impossible to use a drilling rod. In the process of work, the optimal diameter of the spindle of the horizontal boring machine was determined, taking into account the design features of the work piece.
The effect of zirconium on the strength cold-deformed reinforcement properties
Authors: Eltsova E. S. , Khodosovskaya O. Yu. , Kozyreva Yu. I.
Published: March 2022

The possibility of using zirconium in the steel composition of the Arx-Zr brand in the cold-deformed reinforcement of a threesided periodic profile of strength class 500 MPa manufacture in order to increase the finished reinforcement strength characteristics is determined. There is test results information of a wire rod /blank with an 8.8 mm diameter, which is intended for the manufacture of cold-deformed fittings with an 8.0 mm diameter, are presented. A comparative analysis of the physical and mechanical finished cold-deformed fittings properties with an 8.0 mm diameter made of steel grade Arch-Zr and fittings of a three-sided periodic profile made of wire rod of ordinary quality was done. Analyzed the obtained properties and the cold-deformed fittings evaluation for meeting the standards’ requirements. Identified that the addition of zirconium to steel in an amount of 0.019 % does not affect the final strength characteristics of the produced cold-deformed reinforcement of a three-sided periodic profile of strength class 500 MPa. The values of the physical and mechanical parameters of the produced cold-deformed reinforcement are similar to the cold-formed reinforcement parameters made of wire rod of ordinary quality without the use of alloying.
Automatic analysis of nonmetallic inclusions in steel using electron microscope with energy dispersive microprobe with
Authors: Sidorenko T. I. , Voznaya V. I. , Belash Yu. S. , Ermachenok E. V.
Published: March 2022

Clean steel non-metallic inclusions have a significant effect on the physic and mechanical as well as technological properties of the metal and consequently on the quality of the final product. There are many methods for detecting and evaluating nonmetallic inclusions. Traditional methods for assessing the contamination of metal with microinclusions are metallographic methods, which are divided into methods for comparing the contamination of the section with inclusions with reference scales and counting methods. The classification of inclusions by traditional methods on a polished section is based on morphological features: shape, color, aspect ratio, etc. In addition to traditional optical microscopy, an electron microscope is used for studies that are more detailed. Equipping an electron microscope with an attachment for energy-dispersive microanalysis allows classifying nonmetallic inclusions by chemical classes. As a result of the implementation of a set of organizational and technical measures, BMZ, the management company of BMK Holding, installed and put into operation research equipment in December 2020 – a scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive microanalyzer (SEM with EMF). Thanks to the software module that the microanalyzer is equipped with, the possibility of automatic analysis of non-metallic inclusions is implemented. The software settings include the search for non-metallic inclusions and their classification according to widely used international standards. The flexible configuration of the software allows you to create models for separating inclusions into different user classes.
The principle of calculating the consumption rates of carbon-containing materials used in steelmaking for carburizing steel in the process of finishing steel by chemical composition
Authors: Panina T. I.
Published: March 2022

The article considers the principle of solving the problem of developing individual (branded) standards for materials for carburizing (carburizing compounds) using the calculation and analytical method. Calculation of carburizing compounds consumption rates individually for each steel grade of the produced range will enhance the progress monitoring of norms when calculating enlarged consumption rates for carburizing compounds and ensure compliance with material consumption standards in the process of material and technical support of production (planning, accounting of material inputs), which will improve the enterprise’s management efficiency.
Automated system for deploying operating systems using LAN (PXE SERVER)
Authors: Kendysh I. V.
Published: March 2022

PXE is an environment for booting computers using a network card without using hard drives, CDs and other devices used while booting operating systems. By choosing a network boot in the BIOS, it is possible to install the OS / rid of viruses /recover disks /test RAM from the PXE Boot server. Such a tool is irreplaceable in the case of a large number of computers
Data exchange between the SAP ERP system and local systems of the main production workshops using web services
Authors: Dupanov D. M.
Published: March 2022

The article presents the basic principles of web services. The comparison with other types of web services is carried out. Analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different solutions. One of the options for software implementation that allows data transfer between the SAP ERP system and the local systems of the main production units using web services is considered. The result of this work was the implementation and adaptation of a new method of data exchange between systems, the possibility of using received classes and functional modules for the quick creation of following-up web services.
Web-traffic filtering system
Authors: Pevnev P. V.
Published: March 2022

The article provides an overview of the web traffic filtering system using the Linux-based Squid software package. The system allows you to limit users on the Internet and collect statistics without interfering with the user’s computer, including the web browser.
The usage of organic solvents in paint systems used in high-quality processing of car bodies in the period from 1998 to 2020
Authors: Panasyugin A. S. , Kulinich I. L. , Masherova N. P. , Tsyganov A. R. , Kurilo I. I. , Pavlovskiy N. D.
Published: March 2022

This paper presents an analysis of the use of organic solvents in paint systems used in high quality treatment of car bodies in the period from 1998 to 2020. Nowadays it is possible to solve the problem of high efficiency corrosion protection and decorative and water-repellent properties of the protective layer with the help of painting systems. Paint systems include primers, putties, varnishes, paints, polishes, etc., usually from a single manufacturer.
One Year Obstetric Experience with Extreme Complications in a Tertiary Center in Somalia
Authors: Erin Recep , Ahmed Zeina
Published: March 2022

Objective: The maternal mortality rate is very high in Sub-Saharan African countries with extreme complications not seen in developed countries. We aimed to analyze and compile data on obstetric emergencies and complications in a tertiary center in Somalia.
Study Design: The files of all patients who visited the obstetrics clinic in Somalia Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital between January 2018 and December 2018 were retrospectively scanned. All maternal demographic data, prenatal hemoglobin levels, serological markers, and complications were recorded. The correlation between the birth process and hemoglobin change was examined.
Results: A total of 825 cases were identified. Overall, we found serious maternal complications: eclampsia, 12.4%; postpartum bleeding, 8.7%; placenta previa, 2.1%; placenta insertion anomalies, 1.4%; uterine rupture, 2.4%; and placental abruption, 2.5%. The mean hemoglobin value on admission was 10.39±1.74 g/dL. Further, the hemoglobin difference increased in low and high dilatation numbers. A low-level positive correlation was found between delivery time and the hemoglobin difference (r=0.23) and between delivery time and fetal complications (r=0.2).
Conclusion: Postpartum bleeding and eclampsia were among the leading causes of maternal mortality in Somalia. In addition, insufficient surgical techniques and unsuitable environments increase maternal mortality.
The Effect of Cord Blood Vitamin D Level on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Other Neonatal Morbidities in Preterm Infants
Authors: Koc Elif , Bolat Fatih , Kaymak Cihan Meric
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the relationship between cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other neonatal morbidities (sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus, respiratory distress syndrome, retinopathy of prematurity) in preterm neonates.
STUDY DESIGN: Infants aged <32 gestational weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between March 2014 and November 2014 were enrolled in this prospective study. Cord blood samples were obtained during delivery. 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Patients were divided into two groups according to their 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels: 25-hydroxyvitamin D <20 ng/mL and 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥20 ng/mL. We used descriptive statistics and multiple regression models to identify risk factors associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
RESULTS: Sixty premature infants were analyzed in this study. The mean cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 13,8±6,8 ng/mL (range 3,5-30,7 ng/mL). Eighty percent of the patients (48/60) had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <20 ng/mL. Among the infants, 21 (35%) developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had higher frequencies of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency than the non-bronchopulmonary dysplasia group (p=0.028). Duration of hospitalization was also longer in infants with low levels of cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between infants with and without vitamin D deficiency with respect to respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and intraventricular hemorrhage.
CONCLUSION: This study shows the high rate of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women in the central Anatolian region (Sivas) of Turkey. Low cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and prolonged hospitalization in very preterm infants. These data strengthen the necessity for vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy.
Evaluation of Nausea and Vomiting Severity in Pregnancies Conceived Through Assisted Reproduction
Authors: Yucel Cicek Ozge Senem , Demir Merve
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the severity of nausea vomiting of pregnancy in assisted reproductive technologies pregnancies using the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis scoring system which is a validated, clinically relevant method to assess nausea vomiting of pregnancy severity.
STUDY DESİGN: A total of 101 pregnant women between 8+0-14+6 weeks of gestation were enrolled in this case-control study. Of these women, 53 had pregnancies conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (study group) and 48 had pregnancies conceived naturally (control group). The Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis-24 scale was utilized to evaluate nausea vomiting of pregnancy severity in both groups. Weight change during pregnancy and hospital admission due to nausea vomiting of pregnancy were also compared to assess severe nausea vomiting of pregnancy.
RESULTS: According to the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis scale, 67.9% of patients with assisted reproductive technologies pregnancies experienced mild nausea vomiting of pregnancy while 24.5% had moderate and 7.5% had severe nausea vomiting of pregnancy. In the spontaneous pregnancies group, 60.4% experienced mild nausea vomiting of pregnancy, 33.3% had moderate nausea vomiting of pregnancy and only 6.3% had severe nausea vomiting of pregnancy. The overall Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis score was 5 (3-8.5) in assisted reproductive technologies pregnancies and 5 (3-10) in spontaneous pregnancies (p=0.650). There was no statistically significant difference regarding hospitalization history due to nausea vomiting of pregnancy between assisted reproductive technologies and naturally-conceived pregnancies (p=0.619).
CONCLUSION: Conception using assisted reproductive technologies does not increase nausea vomiting of pregnancy severity. Furthermore, weight change during pregnancy and hospitalization rates due to nausea vomiting of pregnancy were comparable between women conceived with assisted reproductive technologies and women with natural conception.
Discharge coefficients for ogee spillways
Authors: Salmasi Farzin , Abraham John
Published: March 2022

Discharge over an ogee weir is related to the length of the weir, upstream total head above the weir crest and the discharge coefficient. The discharge coefficient is influenced by several factors; in this study, some parameters that influence discharge coefficients of ogee weirs are investigated. These factors include: the weir upstream slope, apron elevation, and downstream submergence. In this regard, ogee weir physical models were fabricated. These models comprise: an ogee weir with a vertical upstream face, ogee weirs with inclined upstream faces (18, 33, and 45 degrees), ogee weirs with downstream apron thicknesses of 3, 5, 7, and 10 cm in free flow and an ogee weir with a vertical upstream slope under submerged-flow conditions. Results show that for all ogee weirs, the discharge coefficient (C) increases with increasing P/He, and then remains constant (P is the spillway height and He is the head above the weir crest). The value of the discharge coefficient decreases from 2.25 in free-flow conditions to 2.15 with submerged-flow conditions. For a constant head over the ogee weirs (He), the discharge coefficient decreases with increasing downstream apron elevation and submergence. The relative discharge coefficient shows a constant trend initially, with increasing hd/He, then later shows a decreasing tendency (hd is the difference between the downstream head and the ogee spillway crest). The threshold value for submergence ratio (hd/He) is 0.75 in the ogee weir in this study. With increasing submergence ratio from 0.75 to 1, the relative discharge coefficient (Cs/C0) decreases from 0.88 to 0.24.
Pendidikan berbasis nilai untuk guru taman kanak-kanak
Authors: Rukiyati Rukiyati , Purwastuti Lusila Andriani , Hajaroh Mami , Rohman Arif
Published: March 2022

Studi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan profesional guru dalam menghidupkan nilai-nilai yang diterapkan di sekolah. Kegiatan ini menggunakan strategi berupa teori, dialog, dan proyek. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuis dan angket. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Subjek kegiatan adalah guru Taman Kanak-Kanak di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia, meliputi Nusa Tenggara Timur, Sumatera, Jawa dan Hong Kong sejumlah 142 orang. Hasil kegiatan menyimpulkan bahwa para guru telah dapat memahami nilai-nilai dan mempraktikkannya di dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Para peserta mengungkapkan bahwa mereka mendapatkan ilmu yang sangat bermanfaat dan juga dapat bertukar pengalaman dengan guru di luar Yogyakarta sehingga pertemanan peserta tampak semakin akrab. Peserta menilai kegiatan telah berjalan sangat baik dan bermanfaat.  Saran dalam kegiatan selanjutnya adalah dilibatkannya orang tua siswa dalam kegiatan ini sehingga tujuan pendidikan berbasis nilai dapat dicapai dengan lebih optimal.Kata kunci: Pendidikan taman kanak-kanak, nilai-nilai, kompetensi guru
High order thinking skill sebagai landasan dalam pengembangan asesmen dan evaluasi pendidikan
Authors: Hajaroh Mami
Published: March 2022

Studi ini memberikan wawasan tentang konsep high order thinking skill  sebagai kompetensi yang integral dengan low order thinking skill. Kompetensi berpikir kritis dan kreatif sebagai kompetensi level tinggi terbentuk  dari kompetensi berpikir level rendah dari kemampuan mengingat, memahami, menerapkan, berpikir analitis, berpikir kritis dan berpikir kreatif. Pengetahuan sebagai obyek berpikir memiliki dimensi-dimensi dari pengetahuan faktual, konseptual, prosedural dan pengetahuan metakognitif. Pendidik dalam proses pembelajaran membantu peserta didik berproses untuk mencapai kompetensi berpikir tingkat tinggi melalui pembelajaran pengetahuan yang multi dimensi tersebut dan melakukan asesmen kelas  untuk membantu proses  pencapaian kompetensi serta memastikan ketercapaian kompetensi melalui evaluasi hasil belajar. Taksonomi pendidikan yang ditemukan oleh Bloom merupakan konsep dasar yang selalu menjadi rujukan dalam menyusun tujuan atau kompetensi  pendidikan dan evaluasinya. Kompetensi berpikir kreatif sebagai kompetensi berpikir tingkat tinggi ditambahkan oleh Andersen di tahun 2001. Pembaruan taksonomi Bloom yang dilakukan oleh  Andersen  menjadikan konsep ini relevan dengan konteks  dunia di abad 21.
PENDIDIKAN, HOMINISASI DAN HUMANISASI
Authors: DARDIRI ACHMAD
Published: March 2022

Theoritically and ideally, education is an attempt to humanize human beings. This implies that teachers, lectures, tutors or instructors have to realize it when they are dealing with children (or learners. However. in practice, the opposite sometimes, or even rr/ten, takes place. The dehumanization of children or learners occurs through ways of teaching rhea are authoritarian, distressing, frightening and through other ways not conducive to attempts to develop humanistic potencials. In the context of rduuuion, (in attempt to humanize human beings can be culled the humanization of children or learners. The meaning of humanism in this context can be seen, explicitly or implicitly, as the views from some figures that this article talks about.
RELEVANSI TEORI KOMUNIKASI HABERMAS DALAM PENDIDIKAN
Authors: PURWASTUTI LUSILA ANDRIANI
Published: March 2022

Habermas's view of communication theorv can he an alternative solution to the current critical situation particularly in Indonesia, which is facing conflicts in a variety of dimensions. Hahermas's wise view that can be referred to is that there is no absolute truth. There is no single absolute way to solve a variety of crises resulting from conflicts. To create a more humane world, the suggested way is communication, a dialectical positive model. We should make an attempt together to create a liberating path on the basis of the high humanistic values that we search together. Education is also a communication process Therejore, essentially, the communication conditions should he applied in the field qj education. This is expected to create a liberating path to empower adult learners.
PENDIDIKAN DEMOKRASI DAN NASIONALISME: Tantangan Menuju Masyarakat Madani di Era Global
Authors: ASTUTI DWININGRUM SITI IRENE
Published: March 2022

Democratic education is an initial step to make a more democratic society majerialize, because the foundation of a civil society is democratic life in social, economic. and political fields. To maintain the nations existence and identity, it is necessary to inculcate learners with nationalism values Plurality principles based on curiul reproduction need to be taught integrated, in the educational process
KANDUNGAN NILAI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI SMA TENTANG AKSI-INTERAKSI ORGANISME
Authors: SUYATI SUYATI
Published: March 2022

Learning is an activity to prepare learners to develop their potentials so that they are able to live the life. For the learning to take place to the optimunt a good preparation and a good plan are necessary in order that learning materials, including their carry-over effects are meaningful and prepare learners' life. The carry-over effects of the learning of organism action ­interaction at senior high schools are related to the necessity of conducting education with individual and social values. Individual values such as persistence, hard work, courage, creativity, logic, activeness and productiveness, tolerance, and intelligence determine the choice. Social values imply that in society there are different types of human being with different characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary jor human beings to know and understand each other to create a balance in order to attain ideals in life.
FlLSAFAT PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM
Authors: GHUFRON ANIK
Published: March 2022

Aliran filsafat pendidikan manakah yang dijadikan landasan dalam pcngembangan kurikulum yang berlaku secara resmi di Indonesia? Secara teori, scmua pihak sepakat bahwa kurikulum resmi yang berlaku di Indonesia dikembangkan berlandaskan aliran filsafat tertentu. Namun, jika melihat reality implcmentasi kurikulum di kolas terkesan bertentangan dan bahkan bertentangan dengan yang diteorikan. Seolah-olah implementasi kurikulum lepas dari desainnya. Kita sepakat jika filsafat pendidikan dapat dipakai sebagai landasan pengembangan kurikulum, terutama untuk kepentingan menentukan frame of reference tentang rumusan tujuan pendidikan, hakekat pembelajaran, dan sistem penilaian. Apapun desain dan model pengembangan kurikulum yang berlaku di sekolah hares memiliki landasan filosofi guna optimalisasi implcmcntasi kurikulum. Ada beberapa aliran filsafat pendidikan yang dapat dipakai sebagai landasan pengembangan kurikulum. antara lain; perenialism, esensialism, progresivism, dan rekonstruksionism. Dari beberapa aliran filsafat tersebut, nampaknya kira perlu memutuskan bahwa Pancasila harus dijadikan landasan filosofi dalam pengembangan kurikulum.
PENDIDIKAN DAN PEMAJUAN PEREMPUAN: MENUJU KEADILAN GENDER
Authors: EFIANINGRUM ARIEFA
Published: March 2022

Pendidikan yang tidak diskriminatif dan berkeadilan disadari sangat bermanfaat dalam upaya mewujudkan kesetaraan dalam relasi interaksi antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Namun dalam kenyataannya, perempuan masih banyak mengalami diskriminasi, khususnya dalam bidang pendidikan. Ada sejumlah faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya ketidakadilan tersebut, yaitu faktor struktural dan kultural. Selain kebijakan pembangunan yang kurang sensitif gender, di masyarakat juga macih terdapat praktik-praktik budaya yang bias gender. Menghadapi kondisi semacam itu, tentunya diperlukan upaya nyata dalam upaya pemajuan perempuan menuju pendidikan yang Iebih berkeadilan gender. Terbukanya akses pendidikan yang lebih luas adalah satu kunci untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan perempuan agar dapat berpartisipasi di segala bidang kehidupan di masyarakat.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DALAM MASYARAKAT MAJEMUK
Authors: DWI K SIGIT
Published: March 2022

Konflik yang berbau SARA (suku antar golongan ras dan agama) dan kepentingan politik sering terjadi di seluruh wilayah Indonesia; Aceh, Papua, Kalimantan, Ambon, Tantena, Poso, dan Situbondo. Potensi konflik memungkinkan terjadi secara masif dimana-mana, karena kondisi yang kondusif dari masyarakat untuk memperjuangkan kepentingannya sendirl-sendiri yang tidak direspon dengan baik oleh wakil-wakil rakyat maupun pemerintah. Demokrasi fundamentalis dikembangkan oleh kelompok-kelompok komunitas tertentu yang tidak mengedepankan dialog, tetapi mengedepankan kekerasan dan eksklusifisme. Ruang dialog dapat dikatakan tidak ada, pintu komunikasi ditutup rapat-rapat, sehingga amarah menjadi model psikologis dalam penyelesaian setiap masalah dan kekerasan menjadi strategi politik dalam mencapai setiap tujuan. Dalam kondisi di atas perlu adanya dialog dan pengembangan demokrasi multikultural yang didukung oleh demokrasi kultural yang memadai dengan mengedepankan nilai-nilai toleransi, keterbukaan, dialogis dan inklusifisme. Nilai-nilai diatas dapat terwujud dalam kehidupan berbangsa, jika pendidikan agama berhasil dilaksanakan dengan tepat sehingga mampu mengeliminasi segala permasalahan yang berbau SARA dan pada gilirannya terjadi integrasi nasional. Pendidikan agama yang berhasil adalah pendidikan yang membangun ruang dialog antar umat, toleransi, komunikasi yang cerdas produktif dan sinergis antar umat beragama.
PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGIS TERHADAP KOMPONEN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: PRIYOYUWONO PETRUS
Published: March 2022

Secara agregat ada tiga pendekatan terhadap pendidikan yaitu pendekatan secara ilmiah (keilmu-alaman), filsafati (abstrak-spekulatif) dan fenomenologis (praktis = normatif). Fenomenologi sebagai metode menurut Husserl dibagi dua tahap (1) reduksi fenomenologis (fenomena tentang pendidikan akan tampak setelah segala yang bersifat subyektif individual­ insidental disaring dengan tuntas, (2) reduksi ciditis = rneningkatkan hasil pengamatan fenomena sampai pada esensinya). Aplikasi metode fenomenologi pada pendidikan nampak pada proses membaca apa yang tampil dalam pendidikan atau membaca situasi pendidikan dengan jalan mengamati secara tajam.
RESPECT: PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MENCEGAH KEKERASAN DI SKOTLANDIA
Authors: HAJAROH MAMI
Published: March 2022

Strategi Nasional Untuk Kekerasan dalam Keluarga di Scotlandia mengimplementasikan Strategi Pencegahan (Prevention Strategy), baik secara lokal maupun nasional Elemen-elemen kunci dari Prevention Strategy adalah: 1) Meningkatkan kesadaran publik (Public Awareness Raising); 2) Pendidikan (Education). 3) Pelatihan (Training); 4) Layanan untuk perempuan, anak-anak dan pemuda (Service,for women, children and young people); 5) Legislasi (legislation); 6) Strategi Tempat Kerja (workplace strategies); 7) Bekerja dengan Iaki-laki yang menggunakan kekerasan (Work with men who use violence). Salah satu kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan 'Respect" bagi guru. Pelatihan ini tentang cara bagaimana mengajarkan kesetaraan pada anak. Target curriculum dalam pelatihan antara lain: 1) Komitmen untuk belajar; 2) menghargai dan menjaga diri; 3) menghargai dan menjaga orang lain; dan 4) tanggung jawab social. Konsep dari Skotlandia ini dapat diambil nilai-nilai dan prinsip pendidikannya untuk diimplemantasikan di Indonesia. Pelatihan terhadap guru dan calon guru tentang "pcmbclajaran yang menghargai" (respect) dapat diberikan agar guru dan calon guru memiliki "sense of respect" yang menjadi bagian dari diri yang tercermin dalam setiap perilaku guru baik di kelas maupun di dalam kelas. Selanjutnya, guru melatih dan membiasakan perilaku anak didiknya untuk memiliki "sense of respect" terhadap teman-teman dan lingkungan sehingga generasi kita menjadi generasi yang sanggup mengubah kekerasan menjadi perdamaian.
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME GURU
Authors: PURWANTO NURTANIO AGUS
Published: March 2022

Guru memiliki tanggung jawab yang sangat penting dalam menjaga kualitas pendidikan. Hal itu didasarkan pada tugas dan fungsinya sebagai ujung tombak dalam aktivitas pembelajaran di kelas. Kelas sebagai unit pendidikan dan manajemen terkecil merupakan kunci pokok dalam keberhasilan pendidikan secara Iebih besar. Berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi guru dalam rnenjalankan kewajiban dan tugasnya terletak pada upaya peningkatan profesionalisme yang kurang diperhatikan secara maksimal. Tanggung jawab peningkatan kemarnpuan professional guru terletak pada: 1) individu guru yang bersangkutan, 2) lembaga penghasil tenaga keguruan, 3) organisasi profesi, dan 4) sekolah yang menaungi guru yang bersangkutan. Peningkatan kemampuan professional guru saat ini mcntpakan aktivitas yang berkelanjutan bukan sekedar kegiatan insidental semata. Kegiatan-kegiatan insidental yang sering dilakukan pada masa lampau kurang membawa perubahan yang mendasar dalam diri guru. Strategi peningkatan kemampuan professional dapat dilakukan baik secara individual maupun kolektif. Tuntutan perkembangan global adalah professional dalarn segala bidang termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan yang dalam hal ini dari sudut sumber daya manusia khususnya guru. Peningkatan yang berkelanjutan (continuous Improvement) akan membawa peruhahan kemampuan profesional guru secara berkelanjutan pula.
PERAN PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK
Authors: WIJAYANTI WIWIK
Published: March 2022

Pendidikan TK merupakan salah satu bentuk pendidikan anak usia dini. Menurut berbagai hasil penelitian, usia dini (0-8 tahun) merupakan masa peka yang amat penting bagi pendidikan anak. Pada masa tersebut tempaan akan memberi bekas yang kuat dan tahan lama. Kesalahan menempa memiliki efek negatif dalarn jangka panjang yang sulit diperbaiki. Saat yang paling baik bagi seorang anak untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang pas disebut masa peka (golden age) yaitu usia dini. Mengingat betapa pentingnya pendidikan anak sejak dini, maka penyelenggaraan pendidikan usia dini harus direncanakan, dilaksanakan dan dievaluasi dengan baik. Tugas pengelolaan lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini dapat dikatakan tidak ringan ketika merefleksi bahwa usia dini adalah saat yang tepat untuk menempa. Pengelola harus dapat memberdayakan segala sumberdaya yang dimiliki dapat mencakup siswa, kurikulum, pegawai, sarana prasarana, biaya, dan hubungan TK dengan rnasyarakat. Ketika semua sumberdaya yang ada dikelola dengan baik, direncanakan dengan akurat, dilaksanakan dengan tepat dan diawasi dengan ketat maka efisiensi dan efektifitas pendidikan akan tercapai.
MENAKAR POTRET REALITAS DAN IDEALITAS KUALITAS SEKOLAH
Authors: ROHMAN ARIF
Published: March 2022

Banyak ahli mensinyalir bahwa ada persoalan dengan sekolah. Aneka kesulitan yang dialaminya antara lain menyangkut drug use, early pregnancy, delinquency, dan school failures. Salah satu yang termasuk school failures adalah kesulitan dalam menyelenggarakan proses belajar mengajar efektif. Proses ini hanya dapat dilakukan oleh sekolah berkualitas. Pandangan awam, sekolah berkualitas adalah sekolah dengan kemegahan gedung, keluesan den keindahan area lingkungan, secara kelengkapan fasilitas serana dan prasarananya. Namun oleh pare ahli, sekolah berkualitas lebih ditentukan pada kualitas proses belajar mengajar yang dapat menghasilkan lulusan berkualitas. Kualitas proses belajar mengajar ditentukan oleh enam faktor dan gabungan dari kesemuanya, yaitu: teacher's behavior, student's behavior and learning impact, learning climate, subject matters mastery, media, dan learning system. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas sekolah, dewasa ini terdapat dua gerakan yaitu School effective Movement oleh Mortimor dan kawan-kawan dan The Quality School Movement oleh William Glasser den kawan-kawan. Masing-masing memiliki pendekatan, cara, dan indikator yang berbeda.
PENDIDIKAN POLITIK NASIONALIS RELIGIUS
Authors: PURWASTUTI LUSILA ANDRIANI
Published: March 2022

Daftar panjang berbagai kerusuhan yang bernuansa SARA, separatisme, dan konflik horizontal menjadi cacatan sejarah suram bagi Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia sejak awal kernerdekaan sampai saat ini. Salah satu penyebab dari masalah tersebut, selain terjadinya ketidakadilan dalam praktik kehidupan bernegara, adalah pemahaman yang kurang terhadap dasar negara Indonesia Pancasila yang berciri nasionalis-religius. Pencarian formulasi sudah dimulai sejak para bapak bangsa berusaha menetapkan dasar negara yang hendak dipakai oleh negara Indonesia yang akan merdeka. Pemahaman yang mendalam terhadap ciri negara yang nasionalis-religius dapat dilakukan melalui pendidikan politik pada masyarakat. Pendidikan politik yang berbasis nilai nasionalis-religius disosialisasikan dan ditransformasikan baik kepada masyarakat umum maupun sekolah pada tingkat taman kanak-kanak sampai perguruan tinggi. Penanaman nilai-nilai cinta tanah air, bela negara persatuan, cinta kasih, perdamaian. toleransi, kepedulian, keimanan, ketaqwaan, dan kesucian menjadi tanggung jawab semua guru/dosen. Strategi pendidikan politik yang digunakan di sekolah adalah pendekatan komprehensif, yang meliputi: perbaikan kurikulum mata kuliah Pendidikan Agama. Pendidikan IPS dan Kewarganegaraan di tingkat pendidikan dasar sampai perguruan tinggi, dan pendekatan pembelajaran yang induktif partisipatif. Kerjasama dapat dilakukan dengan orang tua murid, ulama, dan tokoh masyarakat untuk mewujudkan ,nilai-nilai nasionalis-religius dalam kehidupan nyata, terutama dengan menjadi teladan bagi para peserta didik.
UPAYA PENGAWAS SEKOLAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PRIMA
Authors: PURWANTO NURTANIO AGUS
Published: March 2022

Layanan prima saat ini telah menjadi kebutuhan. Masyarakat memandang kualitas sebuah organisasi antara lain ditentukan oleh kualitas layanan yang diberikan. Pelayanan berkaitan dengan fungsi melayani kebutuhan orang akan barang dan atau jasa, sesuai dengan apa yang dibutuhkan dan diharapkan. Dalam konteks tersebut, terdapat tiga unsur dalam konsep pelayanan, yaitu siapa yang memberi pelayanan, siapa yang diberi pelayanan, dan apa yang menjadi fokus kebutuhan pelayanan. Pengawas sekolah merupakan pemimpin bagi lingkungan sekolah yang berbeda-beda. Ada kalanya pengawas sekolah dalam bekerja terlihat berperilaku kurang senyum, sering marah, bahkan otoriter, yang sebenarnya telah merugikan dirinya sendiri dan lembaga. Secara pribadi, seseorang dalam kondisi tersebut sedang mengalami penyakit psikologis dan lambat laun menjadi psikosomatis yang akan menyerang fisiknya. Dampaknya, pengawas sekolah akan merasa sulit untuk memberikan pelayanan yang baik terhadap orang lain dalam lingkup kerjanya. Dengan demikian, pengawas sekolah belum mampu memberikan jaminan kepastian mutu (quality assurance) melalui pelayanan jasa terhadap pelanggan lembaganya.
KEEFEKTIFAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU DI SEKOLAH
Authors: WAHYUNINGRUM MM
Published: March 2022

Kepemimpinan merupakan salah satu variabel yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja. Kepala sekolah sebagai pernimpin adalah orang yang mempunyai kemampuan mempengaruhi guru dan staf untuk melakukan pekerjaannya sesuai dengan tujuan yang hendak dicapai. Pencapaian tujuan tersebut dapat dilihat dari peningkatan kinerja guru. Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan fungsi-fungsi menejemen dalam merencanakan, mengorganisir, dan mengevaluasi visi, misi, clan tujuan sekolah yang sudah ditetapkan secara bersama. Kinerja guru merupakan kualitas dan kuantitas yang dicapai dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sebagai pendidik dan pengajar secara bertanggung jawab. Kinerja merupakan penyelesaian tugas-tugas yang dilimpahkan kepala sekolah kepada guru. Tugas guru dapat dibedakan menjadi dua yaitu bidang akademik yang berkaitan dengan proses pembelajaran dan adminiatrasi. Keberhasilan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam memimpin sekolahnya ditunjukkan oleh meningkatnya kesadaran para guru untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya, meningkatnya ketrampilan guru dalam melaksanakan tugas pembelajaran, meningkatnya prestasi guru secara professional, dan meningkatnya prestasi belajar peserta didiknya.
LANDASAN FILSAFAT MANUSIA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: YATI RUKI
Published: March 2022

Ilmu pendidikan dan pendidikan di Indonesia memang menunjukkan perkembangan yang tidak selalu seiring sejalan. Dapat dikatakan bahwa praktik pendidikan yang dilakukan berjalan dalam keadaan "business as usual". Secara filosofis, pendidikan di Indonesia berdasarkan filsafat Pancasila Faktanya, pendidikan dilndonesia berlangsung selama ini tanpa pernah dipersoalkan landasan teoritiknya. Artinya, ilmu pendidikan kurang dikembangkan di Indonesia. Pendidikan di Indonesia dijalankan dengan lebih banyak meminjam (borrowing) atau mencangkok ide-ide (teori) dan praktik pendidikan dari luar tanpa memperhatikan konteks sosio-kultural masyarakat Indonesia dan nilai-nilai khas Indonesia Pendidikan dengan cara mencangkok tampaknya lebih disukai oleh para pengambil kebijakan clan praktisi pendidikan di Indonesia. Sebenarnya, fenomena pencangkokan sistem, metode, model pendidikan merupakan gejala umum yang terjadi di mana-mana, bukan hanya Indonesia. Tetapi, bila tidak ditindaklanjuti dengan upaya "pribumisasi" berbagai teori dan praktik yang diambil tersebut, maka praktik pendidikan berjalan tanpa arah yang jelas. Oleh sebab itu ilmu pendidikan yang berciri khas Indonesia perlu dikembangkan terus.
EVALUASI TERHADAP NILAI-NILAI UNIVERSAL: Sebuah Aplikasi di Sekolah
Authors: BUDININGSIH C ASRI
Published: March 2022

The basic universal values are necessary in teaching the school students, rot it will become a ,guidance in encountering national, regional as well as international open interaction, Teachers are necessary to understand what is meant by the universal values, how to leach and evuluate them. The universality ojvalues might be meant within the main principles as a core and structure of them. For example, the universal moral values are justice, reciprocity, while the faith, the existential faith is the universal faith, as well as empathy, democratization. etc. The teachers are not only demanded to be able to teach these values. but they also must be able to evaluate how far the development of them within the personalities of the students.
KAITAN SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE DENGAN PEMAKNAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN NILAI DI SEKOLAH
Authors: HANUM FARIDA
Published: March 2022

Every subject matters contains the elements of value and meaning, and is very good to give them to the students. Through this knowledge, they have been invited from the beginning to develop their spiritual intelligence. In order to develop the spiritual intelligence, the process of education should make the students to he common to ask “why”; to try to find the relationship among the present things, to find the meaning behind and within something in order that they can feel some more things that they have studied to be useful and meaningful for their living, either at this moment or at the next moment.
PERLUNYA REAKTUALISASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DI SEKOLAH
Authors: MARZUKI MARZUKI
Published: March 2022

We deserve to thank God und hmv been proud to the fast growing of religious activities within the social life recently. However, unfortunately, crimes or criminalities are growing fast in the society, from drunkhard, thief, robbery, adultery, deceit, corruption till the raping and killing as well as the conflict among religious followers. If the causal (actor is the religious education it self the religious education needs to be actualized, or in the other word there is necessary any reactualitation of religious education. Those factors, one by one, need to he anticipated. From the educational perspective, effort to be undertaken are the improvement of our religious education quality concerning its material, teaching method teachers, environment, etc. From this point, the other causal factors would be able to be gradually overcome.