bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resonant mode calculation method for extremely large-scale optical ring resonators
Authors: Lee Yong-Hoon , Kim Inbo , Rim Sunghwan , Kwon Tae-Yoon , Choi Muhan
Published: August 2024

To analyze the resonant modes of optical devices such as optical gyro-sensors and semiconductor lasers, Maxwell’s equations need to be solved. Widely used numerical methods are the finite element method (FEM) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. However, when optical systems are significantly larger than the operating wavelength, applying these methods becomes practically infeasible due to the exponential increase in computational resources and simulation time. In this study, we propose a novel FDTD-based method to obtain the optical modes of large-scale optical systems, by setting the calculation area as the region where most of the light field is formed, dividing it into computationally feasible subdomains, and sequentially compute the field along the direction of light propagation. We have verified the proposed method by applying it to the calculation of resonant modes of 3-mirror ring resonators, which are used in ring laser gyro-sensors. In solving this problem, we also utilize transformation optics so that a non-rectangular subdomain is mapped to the rectangular-shaped subdomain with spatially varying refractive index distribution. Our method is expected to be useful for the improvement of device performance in large-scale optical systems in which the electromagnetic field propagates mainly around a simple closed path.
Sampling optimization and compact tabulation of isotropic polarized scattering
Authors: Jarecki Quinn , Kupinski Meredith
Published: August 2024

Realistic simulations of light-matter interactions can be enhanced by empirical polarized bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (pBRDFs), which consist of Mueller matrix (MM) measurements at discretely sampled scattering geometries. The goal of this work is to improve the efficiency of pBRDF representation and acquisition so that extensive libraries of materials found indoors can become readily available. Performing Mueller measurements at many scattering geometries and wavebands requires considerable acquisition time and storage resources. In this work, we introduce a cylindrical, rather than Cartesian, interpretation of the three angles that parameterize an isotropic pBRDF to reduce the volume of the pBRDF space. Furthermore, we exclude geometries that do not correspond to external reflection during tabulation. Together, these steps result in 63% fewer tabulated pBRDF samples while no information is lost because only redundant and non-physical geometries are excluded. We then utilize the compact representation to determine an efficient set of goniometric camera positions at which the pBRDF of a sphere should be sampled. For a given size of sphere and camera parameters of our polarimeter, we found a set of 92 goniometer positions, which samples 82% of the uniformly discretized scattering geometries at least once. We performed this optimized pBRDF sampling and tabulation for a 3D printed sphere. Our cylindrical coordinate representation is used to visualize the pBRDF as a function of scattering geometry.
Chirp modulation stimulated Raman scattering microscopy
Authors: Pegoraro Adrian F. , Stolow Albert
Published: August 2024

Coherent Raman microscopy, a rapid, chemical-specific, label-free imaging method, can be plagued by non-Raman background signals. Existing modulation schemes mitigate these but none remove all background signals. Here we demonstrate what we believe to be a novel scheme, chirp modulation stimulated Raman scattering (CM-SRS), based upon modulating uniquely the relative sign of the quadratic phase (linear chirp) of the input lasers. CM-SRS removes all non-Raman signals and is linear in both Raman oscillator strength and concentration. We demonstrate that CM-SRS is highly sensitive, quantitative, and background-free via imaging of traditionally challenging samples and the small molecule pharmacokinetics of single living cells.
Ultrafast structured light through nonlinear frequency generation in an optical enhancement cavity
Authors: Jones Walker M. , Reber Melanie A. R.
Published: August 2024

The generation of shaped laser beams, or structured light, is of interest in a wide range of fields, from microscopy to fundamental physics. There are several ways to make shaped beams, most commonly using spatial light modulators comprised of pixels of liquid crystals. These methods have limitations on the wavelength, pulse duration, and average power that can be used. Here we present a method to generate shaped light that can be used at any wavelength from the UV to IR, on ultrafast pulses, and a large range of optical powers. By exploiting the frequency difference between higher-order modes, a result of the Gouy phase, and cavity mode matching, we can selectively couple into a variety of pure and composite higher-order modes. Optical cavities are used as a spatial filter and then combined with sum-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal as the output coupler to the cavity to create ultrafast, frequency comb structured light.
Quantum linewidth limitation of a laser stabilized with a nonlinear microcavity
Authors: Matsko Andrey B. , Maleki Lute
Published: August 2024

We show that the linewidth of a laser locked to an optical cavity
characterized with nonzero optical cubic nonlinearity is restricted by
the value of the nonlinear frequency shift of the cavity mode per
single photon localized in the mode. This effect is masked by the
fundamental thermodynamic noise in monolithic microcavities. The
quantum limit of the linewidth can be measured using two independent
lasers separately locked to spatially overlapping modes of the
nonlinear resonator.
Gain-switched pulse generation of 5.3 ps from 30 GHz-modulation-bandwidth 1270 nm DFB laser diode: erratum
Authors: Kobayashi Masataka , Nakamura Takahiro , Nakamae Hidekazu , Kim Changsu , Akiyama Hidefumi
Published: August 2024

We present an erratum to our Letter [Opt. Lett. 48, 6344 (2023)10.1364/OL.510237]. This erratum corrects the error of Figs. 3(b) and 4(b) made via incorrect scaling in the horizontal axes. The corrections have no influence on the main text and conclusions of the original Letter.
rtestim: Time-varying reproduction number estimation with trend filtering
Authors: Liu Jiaping , Cai Zhenglun , Gustafson Paul , McDonald Daniel J.
Published: August 2024

To understand the transmissibility and spread of infectious diseases, epidemiologists turn to estimates of the instantaneous reproduction number. While many estimation approaches exist, their utility may be limited. Challenges of surveillance data collection, model assumptions that are unverifiable with data alone, and computationally inefficient frameworks are critical limitations for many existing approaches. We propose a discrete spline-based approach that solves a convex optimization problem—Poisson trend filtering—using the proximal Newton method. It produces a locally adaptive estimator for instantaneous reproduction number estimation with heterogeneous smoothness. Our methodology remains accurate even under some process misspecifications and is computationally efficient, even for large-scale data. The implementation is easily accessible in a lightweightRpackagertestim.
Magnetic nanoparticle-based combination therapy: Synthesis and in vitro proof of concept of CrFe2O4- rosmarinic acid nanoparticles for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapy
Authors: Al-Hunaiti Afnan , Zihlif Malek , Abu Thiab Tuqa , Al-Awaida Wajdy , Al-Ameer Hamzeh J. , Imraish Amer
Published: August 2024

Magnetic drug delivery systems using nanoparticles present a promising opportunity for clinical treatment. This study explored the potential anti-inflammatory properties of RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were developed through rosmarinic acid (RosA) co-precipitation via a photo-mediated extraction technique. XRD, FTIR, and TEM techniques were employed to characterize the nanoparticles, and the results indicated that they had a cubic spinel ferrite (FCC) structure with an average particle size of 25nm. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles were evaluated by using LPS-induced raw 264.7 macrophages and a hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, respectively. The results showed that RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles had moderate DPPH scavenging effects with an IC50 value of 59.61±4.52μg/ml. Notably, these nanoparticles effectively suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS) in LPS-stimulated cells. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activity of RosA- CrFe2O4 nanoparticles was confirmed by reducing the release of secretory pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. This investigation highlights the promising potential of Phyto-mediated CrFe2O4-RosA as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent in biomedical applications.
Hot topic: Mapping of the human intranasal mucosal thermal sensitivity: A clinical study on thermal threshold and trigeminal receptors
Authors: Weise Susanne , Hanslik Pauline , Mignot Coralie , Glushkov Evgenii , Bertsch Arnaud , Dubreuil Romain , Bensafi Moustafa , Fuessel Susanne , Hummel Thomas
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The olfactory and trigeminal system are closely interlinked. Existing literature has primarily focused on characterizing trigeminal stimulation through mechanical and chemical stimulation, neglecting thermal stimulation thus far. The present study aimed to characterize the intranasal sensitivity to heat and the expression of trigeminal receptors (transient receptor potential channels, TRP).

Methods

A total of 20 healthy participants (aged 21–27 years, 11 women) were screened for olfactory function and trigeminal sensitivity using several tests. Under endoscopic control, a thermal stimulator was placed in 7 intranasal locations: anterior septum, lateral vestibulum, interior nose tip, lower turbinate, middle septum, middle turbinate, and olfactory cleft to determine the thermal threshold. Nasal swabs were obtained in 3 different locations (anterior septum, middle turbinate, olfactory cleft) to analyze the expression of trigeminal receptors TRP: TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPA1, TRPM8.

Results

The thermal threshold differed between locations (p = 0.018), with a trend for a higher threshold at the anterior septum (p = 0.092). There were no differences in quantitative receptor expression (p = 0.46) at the different sites. The highest overall receptor RNA expression was detected for TRPV1 over all sites (p<0.001). The expression of TRPV3 was highest at the anterior septum compared to the middle turbinate or the olfactory cleft. The thermal sensitivity correlated with olfactory sensitivity and results from tests were related to trigeminal function like intensity ratings of ammonium, a questionnaire regarding trigeminal function, nasal patency, and CO2 thresholds. However, no correlation was found between receptor expression and psychophysical measures of trigeminal function.

Discussion

This study provided the first insights about intranasal thermal sensitivity and suggested the presence of topographical differences in thermal thresholds. There was no correlation between thermal sensitivity and trigeminal mRNA receptor expression. However, thermal sensitivity was found to be associated with psychophysical measures of trigeminal and olfactory function.
Muddying the Pioneer Past-Present
Authors: Brandley ben , Stanley Liahnna
Published: August 2024

This essay explores how rhetorics of whiteness and settler colonialism operate within tours performed at two official Church Historic Sites—The Mormon Battalion Center and the Mormon Trails Center. Using settler colonialism as a theoretical framework, we offer three examples of how tours given at these sites reify settler colonial logics including object representations of family relationalities, the trading of a woven basket, and an interactive narrated map detailing U.S.-Mormon government and war policies. We present a critical case for how the Church does not just merely erase nor downplay memory, but that white Mormons materially and systematically shape memory by reconfiguring Indigeneity and reorganizing colonial pasts, a rhetorical strategy which recasts Indigenous land and Black bodies as property in order to secure white Mormonism and settler colonial development. To conclude, we make two suggestions for intersectional points of engagement from which we can challenge Indigenous erasure in communication.
Effectiveness of Havruta Classes Using ChatGPT: Focusing on the ‘Early Childhood Curriculum’ Classes for pre-service early childhood teachers
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Ryu Jun-Ho , Cho Hea-Youn
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether Havruta classes using ChatGPT are effective in enhancing the creative problem-solving and critical thinking skills of pre-infant teachers, and to explore the direction of teaching and learning methods for pre-service teachers to improve future education capabilities.
Methods: The subjects of this study were twent-two second graders who are taking early childhood curriculum classes at E University. Havruta classes using ChatGPT were operated for twelve weeks, excluding the first week orientation, midterm and final exams. In order to confirm the effectiveness of classes for pre-infant teachers, creative problem-solving and critical thinking skills were checked before and after, and then analyzed through a paired-sample t-test.
Results: First, Havruta classes using ChatGPT of pre-infant teachers were found to have a positive effect on improving creative problem-solving skills. Second, Havruta classes using ChatGPT of pre-infant teachers were found to have a positive effect on improving critical thinking skills.
Conclusion: It was confirmed that Havruta and classes using ChatGPT were meaningful as teaching and learning methods for pre-child teachers for future education.
Exploring the Meaning of Film Texts as a Popular Culture for Lifelong Education: From the Public Pedagogy Perspective
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kang Jeong su , Kim Hanbyul
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study examined popular culture, which is closely related to our daily lives, from the perspective of public pedagogy, and explored the educational possibilities of movies, especially among the various genres that make up popular culture. Based on this, the educational implications of film texts were identified and this study proposes their role in the field of lifelong education, as well as suggests implications for 'film education' currently practiced in schools.
Methods: For this purpose, the relationship between our lives and popular culture and its influence were examined and a description of the audience's reactions to the movie was revealed in media articles and critical texts with three films, as well as the social repercussions of the films.
Results: As a result, popular culture, especially films, reveals the public's unconscious by representing reality and also constructs discourse through the audience's critique. The study also found that films as texts enable audiences to critically reflect on “represented reality” and that their educational meaning can be interpreted in a variety of ways depending on their own experiences and life contexts.
Conclusion: The meaning of film education is reconstructed according to the learner's life context and experiences, and it is in this sense that education occurs.The meaning-making of education that occurs for an individual throughout their life is holistic, including schooling. The existing film education centered on narrative analysis in public education and lifelong education should be transformed into a method that emphasizes the characteristics of the film medium.
Analysis of Educational Needs of Teachers Participating in Informatics & Computer Double & Minor Maj or Teacher Certification Training
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kim Songhee , Jang Yunjae , Lee Jaejin
Published: August 2024

Purpose: In response to future social changes, policies to implement information and computer teachers are being implemented and expanded. This study aimed to explore the improvements of training programs based on the needs of teachers who have completed the relevant qualification training.
Methods: The needs were investigated using Borich's need analysis model, Locus for Focus model, and educational needs. In addition, for in-depth understanding of this, teachers' opinions were collected and analyzed by applying FGI.
Results: Most of the participants participated in the training program with voluntary motives, and the inappropriateness of the 6-month training period was high. The demand for “artificial intelligence” and “physical computing” subjects was high.
Conclusion: Considering the high demand for “artificial intelligence” as a result of a comprehensive analysis of educational needs, the graduate school of AI convergence education is proposed.
Russian eligibility criteria prescribing menopausal hormonal hormones therapy for patients with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Consensus document of the Russian Cardiological Society, Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Russian Association of Endocrinologists, Eurasian Association of Therapists, Association of Phlebologists of Russia
Authors: Shlyakhto E. V. , Sukhikh G. T. , Serov V. N. , Dedov I. I. , Arutyunov G. P. , Suchkov I. A. , Orlova Y. A. , Andreeva E. N. , Yureneva S. V. , Yavelov I. S. , Yarmolinskaya M. I. , Villevalde S. V. , Grigoryan O. R. , Dudinskaya E. N. , Ilyukhin E. A. , Koziolova N. A. , Sergienko I. V. , Smetnik A. A. , Tapilskaya N. I.
Published: August 2024

Menopausal symptoms can disrupt the life course of women at the peak of their career and family life. Currently, the most effective treatment for these manifestations is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). The presence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in itself does not exclude the possibility of prescribing MHT to relieve menopausal symptoms and improve quality of life. However, often an obstacle to the use of this type of hormonal therapy is the fear of doctors who are afraid of doing more harm to patients than good. Caution is especially important when it comes to women with underlying health conditions. Moreover, it should be recognized that there is a lack of high-quality research regarding the safety of MHT for major chronic non-infectious diseases and common comorbid conditions. The presented consensus document analyzed all currently available data obtained from clinical trials of various designs and created a set of criteria for the acceptability of prescribing MHT to women with concomitant cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Based on the presented document, doctors of various specialties who advise women in menopause will receive an accessible algorithm that will allow them to avoid potentially dangerous situations and reasonably prescribe MHT in real practice.
History of establishment and formation of andrology & urology department of the endocrinology research centre
Authors: Rozhivanov R. V. , Volkov S. N. , Andreeva E. N.
Published: August 2024

This article presents main historical moments of formation and evolution of Andrology & Urology Department of the Endocrinology Research Centre, since its establishment in 2016. The mission of the present scientifical and clinical subdivision is organization of medical aid for males with sexual and reproductive disorders caused by endocrinopathies. The crew of the Andrology & Urology Department provides scientific researches of hormonal and reproductive impairment among ageing males, testosterone replacement. This historical and analytic review presents you biographical datas and graphic materials about leaders of the Departments in the period from the 1960 until 2024. The authors dedicate the present article to teachers and scientific supervisors.
The most prominent terminological problems in reproductive medicine
Authors: Andreeva E. N. , Melnichenko G. A. , Grigoryan O. R. , Rozhivanov R. V. , Mikheev R. K. , Chernova M. O. , Rozhivanova E. R.
Published: August 2024

Constant improvement of professional skills and competence are essential components of modern post diploma medical education in the 21st century. Despite of world-wide spread of evidence-based medicine many physicians from such areas as obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, endocrinology, cardiology. gerontology etc. still use outdated and incorrect terminology from reproductive medicine. The such unfavourable trend leads to serious increasement of insufficient/overdiagnosis, treatment mistakes and poor outcomes such as sexual dysfunction, infertility and comorbidity. The present article presents actual interpretations and characterization of gynecological and andrological terms such us menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among females and male hypogonadism.
Reproductive medicine news. Digest of publications, issue 3
Authors: Barmina I. I.
Published: August 2024

This issue of reproductive medicine news presents the most relevant meta-analysis data, as well as innovative methods in the treatment of diseases of the reproductive system, presented in leading international periodicals in 2024. The main conclusions of the clinical recommendations of the European Society for Human Reproduction on the management of married couples with recurrent implantation failures are also briefly formulated.
New species and new records of lichen genus Anisomeridium (Müll. Arg.) M. Choisy (Monoblastiaceae) from India
Authors: Mishra Gaurav K. , Maurya Akhilesh Kumar , Nayaka Sanjeeva , Upreti Dalip K.
Published: August 2024

A new species Anisomeridium subphaeospermum is described and illustrated in the present article from Uttar Pradesh, India. It is characterized by a UV- (Negative) thallus, 8-spored asci, biseriate, brown, transversally 1-septate and broadly elliptical ascospores. Additionally, 6 species namely A. adnexum, A. americanum, A. quaternarium, A. subnectendum, A. tuckerae and A. uniseriale are reported as new records for Indian lichen biota along with a key of 26 species of the genus currently known from India.
Transcriptions, paraphrases and modern arrangements of vocal works by Stanisław Moniuszko: an outline of the issues and methodology of research
Authors: Grajter Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

The well-known practice of transcribing the most famous works by outstanding composers, especially for the piano, was one of the most widely used methods of popularising music in the 19th century. One can say that it had a similar function to literary translation – just as different language versions and adaptations prove the popularity of literary masterpieces, the fact that transcriptions (for piano, other instrument, or a different ensemble) were created was evidence of the particular interest of the audience. Apart from the composer himself, transcriptions and paraphrases of vocal works by Moniuszko were made by Henryk Melcer-Szczawiński, Władysław Krogulski, Zygmunt Noskowski, Ignaz Friedman, Maurice Dietrich, and others. Nowadays, the role the piano used to perform in a house has largely been replaced by the recording industry and modern media and access to music is unlimited in most countries. This situation significantly reduces the demand for creating “usable” versions of works by famous composers. So is there room for new arrangements of Moniuszko’s works on the modern music market? Jazz productions by Bogdan Halicki and the latest proposal from Włodek Pawlik prove that the problem of promoting music by this Polish composer remains valid – and as time goes by, there is a growing need to adjust these compositions to the tastes of modern audiences. The aim of this article is to characterise transcriptions and arrangements of vocal works by Stanisław Moniuszko and to show different transformations of the original pieces depending on their functions and potential listeners by analogy with literary translation.
Optimal Matrix Sketching over Sliding Windows
Authors: Yin Hanyan , Wen Dongxie , Li Jiajun , Wei Zhewei , Zhang Xiao , Huang Zengfeng , Li Feifei
Published: August 2024

Matrix sketching, aimed at approximating a matrix
A
∈ R

N×d

consisting of vector streams of length
N
with a smaller sketching matrix

B

∈ R

ℓ×d
, ℓ

≪
N
, has garnered increasing attention in fields such as large-scale data analytics and machine learning. A well-known deterministic matrix sketching method is the FreqentDirections algorithm, which achieves the optimal [EQUATION] space bound and provides a covariance error guarantee of
ε
= ||

A

⊤

A

-

B

⊤
B
||
2
/||

A

||
2

F.

The matrix sketching problem becomes particularly interesting in the context of sliding windows, where the goal is to approximate the matrix

A
W

, formed by input vectors over the most recent
N
time units. However, despite recent efforts, whether achieving the optimal [EQUATION] space bound on sliding windows is possible has remained an open question.

In this paper, we introduce the DS-FD algorithm, which achieves the optimal [EQUATION] space bound for matrix sketching over row-normalized, sequence-based sliding windows. We also present matching upper and lower space bounds for time-based and unnormalized sliding windows, demonstrating the generality and optimality of DS-FD across various sliding window models. This conclusively answers the open question regarding the optimal space bound for matrix sketching over sliding windows. We conduct extensive experiments with both synthetic and real-world datasets, validating our theoretical claims and thus confirming the correctness and effectiveness of our algorithm, both theoretically and empirically.
Secure and Verifiable Data Collaboration with Low-Cost Zero-Knowledge Proofs
Authors: Zhu Yizheng , Wu Yuncheng , Luo Zhaojing , Ooi Beng Chin , Xiao Xiaokui
Published: August 2024

Federated Learning (FL) emerges as a viable solution to facilitate data collaboration, enabling multiple clients to collaboratively train a machine learning (ML) model under the supervision of a central server while ensuring the confidentiality of their raw data. However, existing studies have unveiled two main risks: (i) the potential for the server to infer sensitive information from the client's uploaded updates (i.e., model gradients), compromising client input privacy, and (ii) the risk of malicious clients uploading malformed updates to poison the FL model, compromising input integrity. Recent works utilize secure aggregation with zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) to guarantee input privacy and integrity in FL. Nevertheless, they suffer from extremely low efficiency and, thus, are impractical for real deployment. In this paper, we propose a novel and highly efficient approach RiseFL for secure and verifiable data collaboration, ensuring input privacy and integrity simultaneously. Firstly, we devise a probabilistic integrity check method that transforms strict checks into a hypothesis test problem, offering great optimization opportunities. Secondly, we introduce a hybrid commitment scheme to satisfy Byzantine robustness with improved performance. Thirdly, we present an optimized ZKP generation and verification technique that significantly reduces the ZKP cost based on probabilistic integrity checks. Furthermore, we theoretically prove the security guarantee of RiseFL and provide a cost analysis compared to state-of-the-art baselines. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets suggest that our approach is effective and highly efficient in both client computation and communication. For instance, RiseFL is up to 28x, 53x, and 164x faster than baselines ACORN, RoFL, and EIFFeL for the client computation.
Accelerating Maximal Clique Enumeration via Graph Reduction
Authors: Deng Wen , Zheng Weiguo , Cheng Hong
Published: August 2024

As a fundamental task in graph data management, maximal clique enumeration (MCE) has attracted extensive attention from both academic and industrial communities due to its wide range of applications. However, MCE is very challenging as the number of maximal cliques may grow exponentially with the number of vertices. The state-of-the-art methods adopt a recursive paradigm to enumerate maximal cliques exhaustively, suffering from a large amount of redundant computation. In this paper, we propose a novel reduction-based framework for MCE, namely RMCE, that aims to reduce the search space and minimize unnecessary computations. The proposed framework RMCE incorporates three kinds of powerful reduction techniques including global reduction, dynamic reduction, and maximality check reduction. Global and dynamic reduction techniques effectively reduce the size of the input graph and dynamically construct subgraphs during the recursive sub-tasks, respectively. The maximality check reduction minimizes the computation for ensuring maximality by utilizing neighborhood dominance between visited vertices. Extensive experiments on 18 real graphs demonstrate that the existing approaches achieve remarkable speedups powered by the proposed techniques.
Automatic Data Repair: Are We Ready to Deploy?
Authors: Ni Wei , Miao Xiaoye , Zhao Xiangyu , Wu Yangyang , Liang Shuwei , Yin Jianwei
Published: August 2024

Data quality is paramount in today's data-driven world, especially in the era of generative AI. Dirty data with errors and inconsistencies usually leads to flawed insights, unreliable decision-making, and biased or low-quality outputs from generative models. The study of repairing erroneous data has gained significant importance. Existing data repair algorithms differ in information utilization, problem settings, and are tested in limited scenarios. In this paper, we compare and summarize these algorithms with a driven information-based taxonomy. We systematically conduct a comprehensive evaluation of 12 mainstream data repair algorithms on 12 datasets under the settings of various data error rates, error types, and 4 downstream analysis tasks, assessing their error reduction performance with anovel but practicalmetric. We develop an effective and unified repair optimization strategy that substantially benefits the state of the arts. We conclude that, it is always worthy of data repair. The clean data does not determine the upper bound of data analysis performance. We provide valuable guidelines, challenges, and promising directions in the data repair domain. We anticipate this paper enabling researchers and users to well understand and deploy data repair algorithms in practice.
An overview of the production and use of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin
Authors: Li Kaixiao , Chen Mingzhu , Shi Jingyi , Mao Tian
Published: August 2024

The widespread utilization of traditional chemical pesticides has given rise to numerous negative impacts, leading to a surge in interest in exploring environmentally friendly alternatives. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a bacterium renowned for its insecticidal properties, produces Cry proteins during its lifecycle. These proteins have distinct advantages over traditional chemical pesticides, including higher environmental safety, broader insecticidal spectra, and lower pesticide residues. Consequently, the discovery and application of Bt hold immense significance in plant disease and pest management, as well as in plant protection. Currently, Bt preparations occupy a prominent position as the world’s largest and most widely used biopesticides. This article comprehensively reviews the fundamental aspects, insecticidal mechanisms, practical applications, and fermentation technologies related to Bt.
Biosynthesis of Ag/Cu nanocomposite mediated by Curcuma longa: Evaluation of its antibacterial properties against oral pathogens
Authors: Yan Huanfang , Wang Li , Mu Yanfei
Published: August 2024

Curcuma longa is a popular plant around the world with various applications in food and medicinal aspects. An investigation has been conducted on the formulation of Ag/Cu nanocomposite by C. longa as a natural stabilizing agent, without the use of any toxic or harmful reagents. This bio-inspired approach is focused on applicative, facile, and green chemical research. The study also explored the potential of Ag/Cu nanocomposite to prevent dental bacteria growth and prevent adherence in vitro. The biomediated Ag/Cu@ turmeric NCs were characterized by advanced physicochemical techniques. The FE-SEM imaging has established that Ag/Cu@ turmeric has a semi-spherical shape (60.92 nm). The crystallinity of nanocomposite has been confirmed by the XRD technique. Subsequently, the biological activity of the Ag/Cu nanocomposite functionalized with biomolecules was examined. The concentration of 1,000 µg/mL showed the most effective minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans (MIC  =  16 µg/mL) during the investigation. The addition of Ag/Cu nanocomposite (MIC  =  32 µg/mL) significantly hindered the S. mutans in vitro adherence. According to the findings of this research, Ag/Cu nanocomposite could potentially serve as an effective oral hygiene agent for managing periodontopathic and dental caries conditions.
Energy cost prediction for chromium removal by nanofiltration membrane
Authors: Fadhil Sufyan
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to investigate the energy cost of eliminating Cr(VI) by nanofiltration membranes (NF). The modified pore flow model was utilized to predict the performance of NF membrane in terms of ion retention and water productivity. Then, the energy cost was estimated according to the obtained results from this model as well as available data from literature. The effect of feed flow, applied pressure, and temperature on energy cost were highlighted and thoroughly assessed. It is shown that high retention values can be achieved with relatively high energy cost. Nonetheless, energy cost of 0.04 $/m3 have been estimated for Cr retention less than 95 % at a pressure of 5 bar. It is also assessed that feed flow has a significant influence on energy cost relative to other operating parameters. In particular, increasing feed flow from 40 to 760 L/h leading the energy cost to be increased by twelve times. At high feed flow, however, energy cost can be largely reduced by applying pressure higher than 10 bar. It is concluded that high feed temperature is favored if there is no need for heating equipment.
A.N. Whitehead and Process Thought
Authors: Stenner Paul
Published: August 2024

This contribution offers a sense of the scope and transdisciplinary relevance of the philosophy of British mathematician and philosopher Alfred North Whitehead by providing an overview of the three main phases of his career. The contribution goes on to distinguish process thought from the substance thought which dominated modern philosophy, and to outline some of the ways in which Whitehead has influenced thought from across the full spectrum of academic disciplines.
The effect of language attitudes on proficiency in two heritage languages of Mountain Jews in Israel and the US
Authors: Shabtaev Ronald , Walters Joel , Armon-Lotem Sharon
Published: August 2024

Mountain Jews (MJs), native of the eastern Caucasus, mass immigrated in the 1990s to Israel and the US. MJs brought with them two heritage languages (HLs): Russian, the language of wider communication in the former Soviet Union, and Juhuri, their traditional home language. The present study explores the effects of HL attitudes on proficiency among 146 Israeli and 138 American MJs differing in age (M = 35.42) and in education level. A questionnaire based on a triadic attitude model comprised of Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive items was used to examine the impact of language attitudes on self-rated Comprehension and Production of the two HLs. Results showed more positive attitudes toward Russian than Juhuri in both Israel and the US, with highest values registered for the Affective component. Attitudes toward Russian did not differ across countries, whereas attitudes toward Juhuri were more positive in the US. Attitudes predicted proficiency of Russian better than Juhuri and better in Israel than in the US. The findings are discussed in light of societal and cultural differences between Israel and the US, in terms of ethnolinguistic vitality and the status of the societal languages, as well as the implications of the unique attitude structure of the two HLs in the two countries.
Sociolinguistic challenges and new perspectives on determining French speakers in Creole communities: the case of Haiti
Authors: Tézil David
Published: August 2024

This study examines the sociolinguistic challenges and explores new perspectives on the evaluation of French competency in creole-speaking communities, particularly in Haiti. Due to the absence of an effective and adaptable French proficiency test in the country, the percentage of Francophones often varies between 5 % and 10 %, and as high as 42 %. This inconsistency may be the result of the assumption that schooling is an effective metric of French proficiency. In this study, I argue that while schooling creates some French speakers, it is not necessarily indicative of French proficiency for all Haitians. In other words, not all Haitians enrolled in schools can count as French speakers. I make three propositions to improve the accuracy of the proportion of French speakers in Haiti: (1) combining schooling with some proficiency instrument to determine French speakers; (2) using an adaptable proficiency test that is based on the salient features that distinguish French from Haitian Creole (Kreyòl); (3) controlling for sociolinguistic varieties such as Frenchified Kreyòl or Kreyòl swa to prevent the miscategorization of monolingual Kreyòl speakers as French speakers.
A singular perturbation result for a class of periodic-parabolic BVPs
Authors: Cano-Casanova Santiago , Fernández-Rincón Sergio , López-Gómez Julián
Published: August 2024

In this article, we obtain a very sharp version of some singular perturbation results going back to Dancer and Hess [Behaviour of a semilinear periodic-parabolic problem when a parameter is small, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 1450, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990, pp. 12–19] and Daners and López-Gómez [The singular perturbation problem for the periodic-parabolic logistic equation with indefinite weight functions, J. Dynam. Differential Equations 6 (1994), 659–670] valid for a general class of semilinear periodic-parabolic problems of logistic type under general boundary conditions of mixed type. The results of Dancer and Hess [Behaviour of a semilinear periodic-parabolic problem when a parameter is small, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 1450, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990, pp. 12–19] and [The singular perturbation problem for the periodic-parabolic logistic equation with indefinite weight functions, J. Dynam. Differential Equations 6 (1994), 659–670] were found, respectively, for Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions with

L
=
−
Δ

{\mathfrak{L}}=-\Delta

. In this article,

L

{\mathfrak{L}}

stands for a general second-order elliptic operator.
Electro discharge machining performance of cryogenic heat treated copper electrode
Authors: Apak Savaş , Ay Mustafa
Published: August 2024

In this study, the EDM machining performance of a cryogenic heat treated copper electrode was investigated. Within the scope of the study, electrodes selected from copper material were subjected to cryogenic heat treatment with a cycle between [room temperature/ − 184 °C/room temperature]. In the experimental design, the electrode material was changed at two levels: copper electrode (Cu) and cryogenic copper electrode (CCu). Controllable machine parameters, peak current (Ip), active pulse duration (Ton), pulse gap duration (Toff) and gap voltage (Vg) were changed at three levels. The effects of these parameters on outputs such as recast layer thickness (RLT), material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR) and taper angle (TA), which are taken into consideration in determining the processing quality after EDM machining experiments, were taken into account. A total of 18 experiments were carried out on Ti–6Al–4V (Titanium alloy) workpiece with copper electrode. Lower YKTK with combinations of EDM process parameters such as cryogenic copper electrode (CCu), 4 A peak current (Ip), 110 µs active pulse duration (Ton), 72 µs pulse gap time (Toff) and 6 V gap voltage (Vg), It was observed that EWR and TA and higher MRR were obtained.
Alois Riehls Blick auf Friedrich Nietzsche und sein Verhältnis zu Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche
Authors: Hlade Josef , Meer Rudolf
Published: August 2024

Alois Riehl’s View of Friedrich Nietzsche and His Relationship with Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Alois Riehl and Friedrich Nietzsche were contemporaries – both were born in the same year, 1844. But the philosophical paths they followed could hardly be more different. Nevertheless, Riehl recognized Nietzsche as one of the most important thinkers of his time. He was one of the first academic philosophers to devote a detailed analysis to Nietzsche’s writings. And Riehl saw in Nietzsche’s work a complementary counterpart to the scientific philosophy that he developed in his Philosophical Criticism. At the heart of the present paper is a speech given by Riehl on October 15, 1903, on the occasion of the reopening of the Villa Silberblick and the unveiling of Max Klinger’s bust of Nietzsche. The argument is divided into three parts. First, it reconstructs the background to these events historically in light of the friendly relationship between Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche and Riehl, as well as Riehl’s hesitation to give a speech. Second, Riehl’s ambivalent attitude in his reception of Nietzsche is analyzed through a close reading of his text. Third, the paper concludes with a final look at the specific event of October 15, 1903, based on historical material.
Optimization method for low-velocity impact identification in nanocomposite using genetic algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Chen Long , Zhu Chenyang , Liu Zhanqiang , Song Qinghua
Published: August 2024

Fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) is prone to invisible damage caused by low-velocity impact (LVI) during service. The structural health monitoring system is of great significance for damage monitoring and maintenance of composite materials. In this study, four fiber Bragg grating sensors were employed to collect the time domain strain signals of composite materials subjected to LVIs. Furthermore, a numerical simulation model was established to rapidly obtain impact signal dataset. The signal arrival time, peak time, and peak amplitude were selected as signal features, and the backpropagation neural network was successfully applied to determine the location and energy of LVIs. To address the issue of peak feature extraction in the strain signal processing, a genetic algorithm-based sliding window peak detection optimization method was proposed, which significantly improved the final prediction accuracy. The experimental results indicated that within a position range of 300 mm × 300 mm, the average positioning error can reach 5.1 mm; and in an energy range of 0.5–1 J, the average energy prediction error can reach 0.030 J. The proposed method achieved accurate identification of the LVI location and energy for FRP.
Indigenous Accounts of Spiraling Time
Authors: Fritsch Matthias
Published: August 2024

Time has often been understood as either linear or cyclical, sometimes in Eurocentric ways that enclose Indigenous peoples in natural cycles with little or no historical development. This article explores an alternative to the line and the circle. In the context of environmental destruction, Indigenous scholars have suggested that traditional Indigenous accounts of spiraling time, from the Anishinaabe and Māori to the Aztecs and Muskoke, better connect nature with human history as well as more appropriately link human generations, including ancestors and descendants. Exploring its connection with the hermeneutic circle and other notions, I will propose the spiral as indeed a promising way to grasp these important connections. In conclusion, I will discuss the question of whether Indigenous spiral ontologies can be proposed for all of humanity beyond knowledge extractivism.
Ethics of Motherhood in Chinese Traditions
Authors: Ge WANG
Published: August 2024

In this essay, I aim to highlight the neglected fundamental notion of Motherhood as an ethical principle within Chinese philosophy, particularly in Taoism. Traditionally, it has been relegated to the realm of the Yin-Principle or the Feminine, serving as a complementary as well as opposite pole to the Yang- or Masculine-Principle. However, this interpretation would lead to the narrowing of the primordial essence and potentially misinterpret the fundamental ethos of Taoism.

This exploration has implications that reach beyond its very theme. Through the discussions within contemporary Confucianism surrounding concepts like Tian-Xia (天下, All under Heaven), Qinqin (亲亲, Family), or role ethics, it becomes evident that a patriarchal emphasis often prevails, overshadowing the maternal character of Chinese Philosophy and Culture.

In contrast to monotheistic traditions where an almighty God creates ex-nihilo (out of nothing), Chinese mythology, as seen in the stories of Pangu and Nüwa, depicts an archaic development of the cosmos, distinct from the creation myths found in Western religions. Notably, the goddess Nüwa is credited with the creation of human beings.

In the following, I will explore the ethical dimensions of motherhood within Chinese philosophical traditions, notably within the intertwined contexts of Confucianism, Sinicized Buddhism, and particularly Taoism. Through this examination, my objective is to scrutinize the ethical and cultural underpinnings of Confucianism by juxtaposing the interplay between Confucian tenets like Ren (仁, benevolence, humanity) and self-cultivation with maternal ethical principles. This will underscore the differences between maternal and paternal roles within familial relationships and unveil the implicit authoritarianism inherent in Confucian paternalism.
The Great Wall and Time
Authors: Bing WEN
Published: August 2024

Heidegger suggests that the manner of research is neither historiological nor systematic, but instead phenomenological. The phenomenological approach to time is to grasp time from the existence of Dasein. If time is understood from a phenomenological standpoint, the Great Wall has rich and vivid images, thus revealing very different life implications. But phenomenological time cannot be divorced from historical time or systemic time; otherwise, we cannot understand the life of the Other.
A Japanese Perspective of the Mind-Body-Land Connection
Authors: Abe Hiroshi
Published: August 2024

In this paper, I aim to interpret the mind-body-land connection that Christianity and Buddhism suggestively teach as a three-stage extension process of the field of experience, which proceeds accordingly as the three-step movement of our experience develops.

Drawing on the Japanese philosopher Nishida Kitaro, I first show why the mind or one’s subjective consciousness deserves to be regarded as the field of experience corresponding to the first phase of the movement of experience. I then explore how the second phase of the movement of experience requires the body as its corresponding field, which also serves as a seat of super-individual unity provided by the unifying power of nature. On this basis, I finally argue that this transpersonal power of nature is combined with that of society. Inspired by the Japanese philosopher Keiji Nishitani, I thus seek to clarify that these both powers are merged into the land as the ultimate field of our experience.