bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine and Human
Authors: Gulaydin Ozgul , Gurturk Kemal , Ekin Ismail Hakki , Ilhan Ziya , Arabaci Cigdem
Published: March 2023

In this study, penicillin, oxacillin, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) resistance in S. aureus strains that were isolated from bovine mastitis cases, and human patients were investigated. Inducible clindamycin resistance (iML) was not found in 30 bovine isolates, while it was detected in 3 (10%) of 30 human isolates. MIC90 values of penicillin, oxacillin and macrolide-lincosamides (ML) were 2, 0.19, >256 µg/ml in bovine isolates and were 3, 3 and 0.19-1.5 µg/ml in human isolates, respectively. Streptogramin resistance was not found in both bovine and human isolates. Although the mecA gene was detected in all of the oxacillin resistant isolates, blaZ gene could not be detected in penicillin resistant isolates. The erm(B) gene was detected in 5 (38.6%) of 13 ML-resistant bovine isolates, and the mph(C) gene was detected in 2 (66.66%) of 3 human isolates. As a result, resistance to penicillin and oxacillin was found to be higher in human S. aureus isolates, while ML resistance was found to be higher in bovine isolates in this investigation. It was concluded that the presence of genes in extra-chromosomal elements associated to penicillin and macrolide resistance should be investigated. The data obtained from this study will contribute to the studies on antimicrobial susceptibility in the field of human and veterinary medicine.
Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles of Plasma and Erythrocyte Membranes in Dogs Fed with Commercial Granulated Food
Authors: Popović Tamara , Debeljak Martačić Jasmina , Pokimica Biljana , Ravić Branko , Ranković Slavica , Glibetić Maria , Stepanović Predrag
Published: March 2023

Intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) benefits human and animal health. Our study aimed to analyze the long-chain n-3 PUFA content of two types of food and their effect on plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids of Belgian Shepherd dogs. A total of 10 dogs were fed commercial granulated food (Food 1), and another 10 were provided commercial Premium granulated food of high quality (Food 2). All the analyses were performed using gas-liquid chromatography. Our results showed that Food 1 contained more n-3 PUFA than Food 2, which was reflected in higher n-3 PUFA in plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids. Because long-chain n-3 PUFA in phospholipids are precursors for antioxidative molecules, further studies should investigate the effects of the analyzed commercial granulated food rich in n-3 on oxidative stress parameters in dogs.
Fowl Adenovirus Infection – Potential Cause of a Suppressed Humoral Immune Response of Broilers to Newcastle Disease Vaccination
Authors: Maletić Jelena , Spalević Ljiljana , Kureljušić Branislav , Veljović Ljubiša , Maksimović-Zorić Jelena , Maletić Milan , Milićević Vesna
Published: March 2023

Fowl adenovirus infections have a significant economic impact, especially in the production of broilers. It is considered the leading cause of three syndromes: adenoviral gizzard erosions and ulcerations, inclusion body hepatitis, and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome. A critical feature of this virus is its immunosuppressive effect, via suppressing humoral and cellular immunity.

In this study, we examined the humoral immune response after administration of the Newcastle disease vaccine in broiler flocks with previously confirmed seroconversion against Fowl adenovirus. The study was conducted on 5 farms. A total of 220 chickens, five weeks of age, showing no clinical signs of the disease, were included in this study. The control group consisted of 20 chickens from a negative farm. Chickens were vaccinated with commercially available live NDV vaccines between 11 and 13 days of life. ELISA determined the presence of specific antibodies against FAdV in a total of 130/200 (65%) blood sera. Depending on the farm, seroprevalence ranged from 30-100%. The presence of specific antibodies against NDV was determined three weeks after vaccination using the hemagglutination inhibition assay. A positive hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer (≥ 16) was found in 41/200 (20.5%) sera, which was significantly less compared to the control farm, where a positive HI titer was found in 20/20 (100%) sera.

The results of our study indicate the immunosuppressive effect of FAdV in subclinically infected birds and highlight the need for its diagnosis, prevention, and control.
Characteristics of Respondents to Web-Based or Traditional Interviews in Mixed-Mode Surveys. Evidence from the Italian Permanent Population Census
Authors: Grimaccia Elena , Naccarato Alessia , Gallo Gerardo , Cecconi Novella , Fratoni Alessandro
Published: March 2023

In order to provide useful tools for researchers in the design of actions to promote participation in web surveys, it is key to study the characteristics that define the profile of a “web respondent”, so that specific interventions can be planned. In this contribution, which draws on data collected during the 2019 housing population census in Italy, we define the set of familial and geographical characteristics that correspond to a greater probability that the interviewed household will choose to respond online, by estimating a multilevel model. The profile of a “computer-assisted web interview household” (CAWI-H) is then defined, on the basis of the structural characteristics of this population. Moreover, the geographical distribution of households is studied according to their distance from the CAWI-H profile. The results show that households that are more distant from the CAWI-H profile have characteristics that correspond to segments of the population generally affected by economic and social fragility; they are mainly elderly, foreigners, residents in small towns, and people with a low level of education. It is to these households in particular that survey designers can address specific actions that can enhance their willingness to participate in web surveys.
A Two-Stage Bennet Decomposition of the Change in the Weighted Arithmetic Mean
Authors: von Brasch Thomas , Grini Håkon , Johnsen Magnus Berglund , Vigtel Trond Christian
Published: March 2023

The weighted arithmetic mean is used in a wide variety of applications. An infinite number of possible decompositions of the change in the weighted mean are available, and it is therefore an open question which of the possible decompositions should be applied. In this article, we derive a decomposition of the change in the weighted mean based on a two-stage Bennet decomposition. Our proposed decomposition is easy to employ and interpret, and we show that it satisfies the difference counterpart to the index number time reversal test. We illustrate the framework by decomposing aggregate earnings growth from 2020Q4 to 2021Q4 in Norway and compare it with some of the main decompositions proposed in the literature. We find that the wedge between the identified compositional effects from the proposed two-stage Bennet decomposition and the one-stage Bennet decomposition is substantial, and for some industries, the compositional effects have opposite signs.
The small non-coding RNA rli106 contributes to the environmental adaptation and pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Guo Yun , Ji Chunhui , Wang Lixia , Ning Chengcheng , Li Na , Li Zhiyuan , Shang Yunxia , Li Yaling , Sun Yaoqiang , Huang Xiaoxing , Li Jie , Cai Xuepeng , Meng Qingling , Qiao Jun
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is an important food-borne pathogen, and the risk of its ingestion is a serious public health issue. The better its environmental adaptation mechanisms and pathogenicity are understood, the better the risk it poses can be countered. The regulatory role of the small non-coding RNA (sRNA) rli106 in the environmental adaptation and pathogenicity of LM is still unclear and this study investigated that role through its biological function.

Material and Methods

An LM-Δrli106 gene deletion strain and an LM-Δrli106/rli106 gene complementation strain were constructed using the homologous recombination technique. Then, the adaptation of these strains to temperature, alkalinity, acidity, salinity, ethanol and oxidative stressors, their biofilm-forming ability and their pathogenicity in mice were investigated to show the regulatory roles of sRNA rli106 in LM. The target gene of rli106 was also predicted, and the interaction between it and rli106 was verified by a two-plasmid co-expressing system based on
E.coli
and Western blot analysis.

Results

The adaptation of LM-Δrli106 to environmental stressors of pH 9, 5% NaCl and 8% NaCl, 3.8% ethanol and 5 mM H2O2 was significantly reduced when compared to the parental (LM EGD-e) and complementation strains. Also, the biofilm formation, cell adhesion, invasion, intracellular proliferation and pathogenicity of LM-Δrli106 in mice were significantly reduced. The results of two-plasmid co-expression and Western blot showed that rli106 can interact with the mRNA of the predicted DegU target gene.

Conclusion

The sRNA rli106 may positively regulate the expression of the DegU gene in LM. This study sheds light on its regulatory roles in environmental adaptation and pathogenicity, providing new insights into the molecular mechanism of sRNA mediation in LM .
Recombinant hexon protein as a new bovine adenovirus type 3 subunit vaccine candidate
Authors: Gundegmaa Uudamsaikhan , Raadan Odbileg , Wu Hsing-Chieh , Wang Hsian-Yu , Wu Min-Chia , Chu Chun-Yen
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Bovine adenovirus (BAdV) type 3 causes respiratory and gastroenteric diseases of varying severity in cattle, particularly newborn calves. Trials have been conducted of a vaccination against the diseases caused by BAdV using both modified live-virus and inactivated-virus preparations in cattle, but no commercial BAdV-3 vaccine has yet reached the market. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new, safe, and effective vaccines against BAdV-3.

Material and Methods

Recombinant hexon protein (rhexon) of BAdV-3 was expressed in the E. coli system to evaluate immune response in mice and goats. Antibody responses and cytokine levels were analysed and the effects of administrations of different amounts of recombinant protein compared. Long-term antibody production was evaluated by indirect ELISA, and the total immunoglobulin G secreted by goats and mice immunised with the purified rhexon protein was determined.

Results

The immunised mice had a stronger antibody response than the control group at eight weeks post vaccination. The immunised groups also showed significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) expression of interferon-γ, interleukin 2 (in mice), and interleukin 21 (in goats) at four weeks. Furthermore, vaccination with rhexon was able to induce long-term antibody production for at least 16 weeks in mice and goats.

Conclusion

The rhexon protein induced immune responses, especially long-term antibody production and T helper 1 cell cytokine production in mice and goats. The immunogenic properties of this protein make it a promising subunit vaccine antigen.
CFD Study of Base Drag of the Grot Rocket
Authors: Sahbon Nezar , Michałów Maciej , Murpani Siddharth , Żurawka Paulina , Kaczmarek Kacper
Published: March 2023

Propulsion system operation is known to affect the aerodynamic characteristics of rockets. Specifically, the net axial force acting on a rocket in flight cannot be precisely obtained by combining the static thrust with drag values computed for a rocket with an inactive motor. One of the main reasons for this is the influence of motor operation on pressure at the base of the rocket. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of motor operation on the aerodynamic parameters of the Grot sounding rocket developed by the Students’ Space Association, Warsaw University of Technology. The study consists of two series of axisymmetrical computational fluid dynamic simulations of flow around the rocket – one with the motor being non-operational and the other with active thrust. In the post-processing phase, the axial force acting on various components of the rocket is computed, with an emphasis on the base and nozzle exit sections. Quantitative and qualitative differences between the cases with and without active thrust are highlighted and discussed. The obtained results are compared to a semi-empirical model found in the literature. Finally, a semi-empirical base drag model is proposed for use in Grot flight simulation.
Теоретико-методологические основы управления интеллектуальным капиталом с позиции категориально-системной методологии
Authors: Недолужко О.В. , Солодухин К.С.
Published: March 2023

Рассмотрены сущность интеллектуального капитала, состав его основных элементов и их свойства; охарактеризованы основные эволюционные состояния интеллектуального капитала; предложены механизмы управленческого воздействия на элементы интеллектуального капитала с целью обеспечения его перехода на более высокий уровень системной и организационной сложности. Для научных работников, аспирантов, преподавателей, студентов вузов и колледжей и практикующих специалистов в области менеджмента, интересующихся вопросами управления интеллектуальным капиталом на различных уровнях экономических систем.
The Russian Federation and the International Monetary Fund: Prospects for financial relations at the present stage
Authors: NAVOI Anton V.
Published: March 2023

Subject. This article explores the evolution of the International Monetary Fund's role in the regulation of monetary and credit relations.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze the approaches of the International Monetary Fund to the conducting lending transactions and to the formation of the funding base.
Methods. For the study, I used general scientific research methods.
Results. The article finds that the International Monetary Fund has changed its approach to the formation of the loan portfolio. Major developing countries get increasingly involved in the funding of financial transactions, still, they are not given any ancillary decision-making rights.
Conclusions. Russia's participation in financial transactions of the International Monetary Fund does not meet the primary objectives of the country's economic development.
A dynamic model of development of the Tyumen Oblast based on input-output balance
Authors: TSIBUL'SKII Vladimir R. , SOLOV'EV Il'ya G. , VAZHENINA Larisa V. , GOVORKOV Denis A.
Published: March 2023

Subject. This article analyzes the prospects for the application of mathematical models in monitoring of the economic development of the Tyumen Oblast.
Objectives. The article aims to test the scheme for adjusting the matrices of Leontief's dynamic model of input-output balance using statistical data reflecting the economic situation of the Tyumen Oblast.
Methods. To consider the scheme for identifying the coefficients of the dynamic model, we used the least squares method.
Results. The article presents estimates of the dynamic model matrices, which reproduce model states close to the actual trajectories.
Relevance. The results of the settings of the dynamic model of input-output balance for the Tyumen Oblast in the first approximation make it possible to restore the model volumes of output, which in the future can be used to compare forecast, actual and model trajectories with the control of deviations and the assessment of their causes.
Different Concentrations of Protein and Fresh Mango as a Carbohydrate Source in the Tambaqui Diet (Colossoma Macropomum)
Authors:   Universidade Federal Do Vale Do Sao Francisco - UNIVASF, Programa De Pos-graduacao Em Ciencia Animal, BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto De Irrigacao Nilo Coelho, S/N, CEP 56300-000, Petrolina – PE, Brazil, Bibiano Melo Jose Fernando
Published: March 2023

A 45 – day feed study aimed to evaluate the effects of cornmeal and in natura mango at different concentrations of carbohydrates and proteins on performance, hematology, metabolism and digestive enzymes of tambqui, Colossoma macropomum
Significance of Immunostimulants in Aquaculture: A Review
Authors:   Department of biological sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria, Kela Esther
Published: March 2023

The use of immunostimulants to enhance activities in the immune system has been given considerable attention in aquaculture in order to increase disease resistance in farmed fish
Carum carvi mediated green synthesis of copper nanoparticles and its effect on Solanum lycopersicum seedlings
Authors: Oraibi A. G. , Rashad Alaa A. , Ahmed Maysaa H.
Published: March 2023

The present study aims to synthesis the copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and their effect on the biochemical and physiological characteristics of Solanum lycopersicum. The results exhibited the color change in the Carum carvi aqueous extract from clear deep brown to a greenish color and this observation indicated the green-biosynthesis of CuNPs by reduction of Cu+ to Cu0. Also, the absorbance broadening band for the green-biosynthetic CuNPs appeared at the 340 nm wavelength using UV-Vis but the C. carvi aqueous extract not showed any peaks at this wavelength. SEM analysis exhibited the micrographic surface morphology and the shape of the green-biosynthetic CuNPs with a scan area of 50 μm and showed the spherical shape particles of CuNPs aggregation. The three-dimensional image and the surface morphology of green-biosynthesized CuNPs and C. carvi aqueous extract were examined using AFM analysis that showed the surface of C. carvi aqueous extract was 45.5 nm size with non-homologus and irregular form of distribution, but the green-biosynthesized CuNPs were 12.4 nm size in nanoscale with regular and homogenous distribution form. The results also showed that the effect of bio-synthesized copper nanoparticles was evident on the S. lycopersicum seedlings fresh and dry weight according to the different reading times after treatment with nanoparticles. Also, the concentration of 2.5 mg/mL (CuNPs) showed a significant increase in the chlorophyll content (58.51 μg/cm²) on the 21st day after treatment and a significant increase in the activity of peroxidase enzyme (35.12 U min-1 mg-1 protein) was obtained at the concentration of 2.5 mg/mL (CuNPs) at 21st day after germination.
Enhancement of Control Jet Performance in Supersonic Crossflows Through Pilot Injection
Authors: Grandhi Raj Kiran , Roy Arnab
Published: March 2023

Injection of a control jet into a supersonic crossflow creates a large region of separated flow in the vicinity of injection, altering the pressure distribution on the parent body, and consequently the effectiveness of the injected jet in producing the desired control forces and moments. In the case of an axisymmetric parent body, this disruption typically results in a loss of effectiveness due to the spillover of the shock structures around the parent body. In this study, a novel technique for enhancing this jet effectiveness on bodies of revolution by means of employing a pilot injection upstream of the main control jet is proposed and evaluated at different external flow conditions. We show that diverting a small fraction ([Formula: see text]) of the primary control jet mass flow rate through an orifice situated five to 10 jet diameters upstream causes an earlier disruption of the external flow, leading to a weaker shock system around the primary injector. This reduces the extent of adverse interaction region and results in a lower spillover of the shock and vortical structures to the bottom side, leading to a significant improvement of the control effectiveness.
Simplified Plasmadynamics Model of a Coaxial Self-Field Plasma Accelerator
Authors: Burton Rodney L. , Carroll David L.
Published: March 2023

A simplified plasmadynamics model is presented that examines radial and axial dependence of the current sheet structure of a coaxial quasi-steady self-field plasma accelerator, dominated by electromagnetic forces. Two radial electric field distributions are considered as limiting cases. In the first case, constant current flows between constant-radius electrodes; in the second case, constant current flows between electrodes and also extends downstream of the electrodes. Calculations for Teflon ([Formula: see text]) plasma show the distribution of plasma parameters inside the current sheet, as well as terminal values for kinetic efficiency, voltage, and impedance for both [Formula: see text] distributions. Evaluation of the validity of simplifying assumptions is presented, as is the behavior of previously developed accelerators as interpreted by the model.
Monocular Depth Estimation of Noncooperative Spacecraft Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Erxun , Zhang Yang , Gao Jingmin
Published: March 2023

Estimating position and stereographic geometry information of noncooperative spacecraft through three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction techniques is of great significance. Depth information acquisition is an important component of 3-D reconstruction. Monocular cameras are cheaper and more widely used than depth sensors. The relative positions of noncooperative spacecraft and our spacecraft can be calculated from depth maps of monocular depth estimation and the camera parameters, providing data support for subsequent tracking and capture missions. This paper proposes a monocular depth estimation network combining the convolutional neural network (CNN) and a vision transformer (VIT) to improve the prediction accuracy of few-shot samples. We extract detail features and global features from the CNN and VIT encoders, respectively, and then fuse deep features and shallow features by a skip-connected upsampling decoder. Compared with the representative depth estimation algorithms in recent years on the NYU-Depth V2 dataset, the proposed network structure combines the advantages of the CNN and VIT as well as estimates the global depth of the scene more accurately while maintaining details. To solve the lack of spacecraft data collection, a new dataset is made from 3-D simulation models. Experiments on the self-made dataset demonstrate the feasibility of this method in aerospace engineering.
The Arctic's resource composition, production challenges and prospects
Authors: Коваленко М.С. , Сибилева Е.В.
Published: March 2023

Актуальность данной статьи обусловлена тем, что Арктика имеет значительный состав полезных ископаемых и не все из них добываются, хотя потенциал месторождений весьма велик, что вызывает интерес для изучения. Целью данной работы стало понять причину того, что мешает выйти на большие мощности добычи. Были поставлены следующие задачи: – рассмотреть добываемые полезные ископаемые в каждом субъекте Арктической зоны Российской Федерации (АЗРФ); – изучить сложности, не дающие в короткие сроки начать добычу; – выявить перспективы развития добывающей отрасли. В процессе написания статьи был проанализирован большой объем научной и статистической информации о состоянии использования минерально-сырьевых баз каждого субъекта, а также инвестиционные порталы, которые в совокупности дали представление о направлении развития регионов и их планов на будущее. Так же была проведена работа по поиску программ, направленных на внедрение новых технологий, позволяющих решить имеющиеся сложности, которые препятствуют наращиванию мощи. По итогам работы был сформулирован вывод, что АЗРФ имеет значительный сырьевой потенциал, который еще находится в недрах, и третий трек Арктической стартап-экспедиции, в рамках которого предаются инновационные идеи, направленные на оптимизацию сложных процессов, а также множество других важных и нужных проектов, способных значительно повлиять на текущую ситуацию и повысить экономические показатели регионов.

The relevance of this paper stems from the fact that the Arctic has a significant mineral composition and not all of them are mined, although the potential of the deposits is very high, which is of interest to study. The purpose of this study was to understand the reason that prevents reaching large mining capacities. The following objectives were set: – examine the mined minerals in each Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF); – examine the difficulties that prevent mining operations from starting in the short term; – identify the prospects for the development of the extractive industry. In the process of writing the article a large amount of scientific and statistical information was analysed on the state of utilization of the mineral resource base of each subject, as well as investment portals, which together gave an insight into the direction of development of the regions and their plans for the future. Work was also carried out to search for programs aimed at introducing new technologies to solve existing difficulties that are hindering the increment of capacity. Based on the results of the work, it was concluded that the ASRF has a significant raw material potential, which is still in the bowels, and the third track of the Arctic Start-up Expedition, within which innovative ideas are transmitted aimed at optimizing complex processes, as well as many other important and necessary projects, capable of significantly influencing the current situation and boost the regions' economic performance.
Trends in the Formation and Prospects for the Development of Arctic Law
Authors: Слепцов А.Н. , Иванова И.А.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматриваются тенденции формирования и развития арктического права. Анализируется процесс вхождения в юридическую теорию и практику термина «Арктическое право», зарубежные и отечественные доктрины. Отмечается, что сложные общественные отношения, в которых сошлись международные, национальные стратегические интересы государств, коллективные и индивидуальные интересы юридических и физических лиц породили процесс формирования новейшей межсистемной области права в сфере правового регулирования устойчивого развития Арктики, именуемой термином «Арктическое право». Новый феномен права требует теоретического, научного обоснования предмета и метода регулирования для определения его места в системе права. В условиях новых вызов современности, развитие и содержание норм отечественного арктического права должно соответствовать документам стратегического планирования и обеспечения национальной безопасности в Арктике, целям устойчивого развития.

The article deals with the trends in the formation and development of the Arctic law. It analyzes the process of entering the term «Arctic law» into legal theory and practice, foreign and domestic doctrines. It is noted that complex social relations in which the international, national strategic interests of states, collective and individual interests of legal entities and individuals have converged, gave rise to the formation of the newest intersystem area of law in the field of legal regulation of the sustainable development of the Arctic, referred to as the term «Arctic law». The new phenomenon of law requires a theoretical, scientific substantiation of the subject and method of regulation in order to determine its place in the system of law, the direction of development as a science and educational discipline, which is of growing interest in Russia and around the world. In the context of the new challenges of modernity, the development and content of the norms of domestic Arctic law should comply with the documents of strategic planning and ensuring national security in the Arctic, the objectives of sustainable development.
Программы символьных вычислений и обобщенные числа Каталана в задачах анализа случайных точечных структур
Authors: Reznik A.L. , Tuzikov A.V. , Soloviev A.A. , Torgov A.V.
Published: March 2023

New algorithms for calculating exact analytical dependences arising in the solution of various theoretical and applied problems related to the analysis of random point structures are proposed, substantiated and implemented. New scientific results presented in this work were obtained using original research methods based on computer analytics programs using generalized multidimensional Catalan numbers.

Предложены, обоснованы и программно реализованы новые алгоритмы расчета точных аналитических зависимостей, возникающих при решении различных теоретических и прикладных задач, связанных с анализом случайных точечных структур. Отличительной особенностью работы является то, что достигнутые в ней новые научные результаты получены с помощью оригинальных методов исследования на основе программ компьютерной аналитики с использованием обобщенных многомерных чисел Каталана.
Investigating Native Metal Ion Binding Sites in Mammalian Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein
Authors: Ackermann Katrin , Khazaipoul Siavash , Wort Joshua , Sobczak Amélie , ElMkami Hassane , Stewart Alan , Bode Bela
Published: March 2023

Mammalian histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is a highly versatile and abundant blood plasma glycoprotein with a diverse range of ligands that is involved in regulating many essential biological processes, including coagulation, cell adhesion and angiogenesis. Despite its biomedical importance, structural information on the multi-domain protein is sparse, not least due to intrinsically disordered regions that elude high-resolution structural characterisation. Binding of divalent metal ions, particularly zinc(II), to multiple sites within the HRG protein is of critical functional importance and exerts a regulatory role. However, characterisation of the zinc(II) binding sites of HRG is a challenge; their number and composition, as well as their affinities and stoichiometries of binding are currently not fully understood. In this study, we explored modern electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy methods supported by protein secondary and tertiary structure prediction to assemble a holistic picture of native HRG and its interaction with metal ions. To our best knowledge this is the first time this suite of EPR techniques has been applied to count and characterise endogenous metal ion binding sites in a native mammalian protein of unknown structure.
Boronyl borinic esters: preparation as B2pin2/secBuLi/TFAA adducts, structural insights and reactivity in Pd-catalyzed allylic borylation
Authors: Novikov Maxim , Novikov Roman , Tomilov Yury
Published: March 2023

Novel class of diboron reagent boronyl borinic ester was developed that were generated as B2pin2/secBuLi/TFAA adducts. Detailed NMR with solid-state 2D NMR techniques and ESI-MS investigations were used to get structural insights of these new reagent. The new boronyl borinic esters were proved to be promising for allylic borylations of base-sensitive substrates.
Anion-Responsive Colorimetric and Fluorometric Red-Shift in a Triarylborane Derivative: Dual Role of Phenazaborine as Lewis Acid and Electron Donor
Authors: Nakagawa Riku , de Sousa Leonardo Evaristo , Tohnai Norimitsu , Minakata Satoshi , de Silva Piotr , Takeda Youhei
Published: March 2023

Photophysical modulation of triarylboranes (TABs) through Lewis acid-base interactions is a fundamental approach in sensing anions. Yet, design principles for anion-responsive TABs displaying significant red-shift in absorption and photoluminescence (PL) have remained elusive. Herein, a new strategy for modulating photophysics of TABs in red-shift mode has been presented, endowing a nitrogen-bridged triarylborane (phenazaborine: PAzB) with contradictory dual role as a Lewis acid and an electron donor. Following the strategy, a PAzB derivative connected with an electron-deficient azaaromatic has been developed, and it displays distinct red-shift in absorption and PL in response to an anion. Spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemical calculations have revealed the formation of tetracoordinated borate upon addition of fluoride, narrowing the HOMO-LUMO gap and enhancing charge transfer character in the excited state. This approach has also been demonstrated in solid-state films.
Cascading degradations artificially improving the lifetime of Li-ion full cells using DMC-based highly concentrated electrolyte
Authors: Meunier Valentin , Capone Federico , Dedryvère Rémi , Grimaud Alexis
Published: March 2023

The deployment of energy dense Ni-rich NMC (LiNixMnyCozO2 with x > 0.8) in Li-ion batteries is hampered by a poor interfacial stability above 4.2 V. Among the strategies to mitigate this instability, highly concentrated electrolytes (HCE) has shown a promising resilience at high potential. In this work, we demonstrate that although cells using HCE experience low capacity fading compared to conventional carbonate based-electrolyte, HCE does not prevent oxidation of dimethyl carbonate at high potential. Even worse, this phenomenon cannot be fully offset by lithium intercalation at the negative electrode and eventually leads to lithium plating that precipitates the cell end of life. To circumvent lithium plating, cycling at high temperature is shown to build a more passivating solid electrolyte interphase (SEI); while promising at first, the lithium losses associated with the SEI formation trigger a jump of graphite staging. Only replacing DMC by ethyl carbonate (EC) solvent reduces efficiently the parasitic oxidation and prevents capacity rollover. This work, by the use of adapted testing protocols and analysis workflows, provides the necessary understanding to open new routes for tackling parasitic reaction at high voltage in Li-ion batteries, which including mastering of SEI formation conditions and the use of appropriate solvent.
Campaña de comunicación sobre consumo responsable de productos de la industria de la moda: percepción del mensaje e influencia en el comportamiento de millennials en Colombia
Authors: Palacios-Chavarro Janneth Arley , Marroquín-Ciendúa Fernando , P´érez-Portillo Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2023

En los últimos años se ha enfatizado que la industria de la moda es una de las mayores causantes del deterioro ambiental tanto por sus índices de contaminación, uso de recursos no renovables y generación de desechos, como por las afectaciones a otros ecosistemas. En este contexto, la comunicación proambiental en relación con el consumo responsable es relevante aun cuando su estudio se constituye en un campo emergente que ofrece nuevas perspectivas de análisis, particularmente, como coadyuvante en la problemática, a razón de su influencia en la conducta humana. Estudios recientes demuestran que la generación milenio o “millennials”, nacidos entre 1981 y 2000, han provocado cambios significativos en los hábitos de consumo. Por ello, este trabajo expone los resultados del análisis sobre la percepción de los mensajes de campañas de comunicación y su influencia respecto al consumo responsable de productos de la industria de la moda en millennials. Para ello, se diseñó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y asociativo, basado en 399 encuestas estructuradas, aplicadas a hombres y mujeres de edades entre 20 y 31 años en Colombia. Los hallazgos muestran relaciones significativas entre la opinión hacia los mensajes y la variable género, así como una mayor indiferencia (21,67%) de esta población en los rangos de mayor edad (28 a 31 años). También, se encontró que las mujeres millennials son más receptivas al mensaje proambiental de las campañas que los hombres.
Análisis de los contenidos verificados por los fact-checkers españoles en Instagram
Authors: Abuín-Penas Javier , Corbacho-Valencia Juan-Manuel , Pérez-Seoane Jesús
Published: March 2023

En las últimas décadas ha surgido un movimiento global de verificación (fact-checking) que tiene como objetivo combatir la desinformación. Estas organizaciones utilizan las redes sociales para visibilizar el contenido verificado. Este trabajo pretende conocer las características de los contenidos publicados por los verificadores españoles en Instagram, indagar qué factores pueden predecir la interacción y evaluar la importancia que a sus comunidades. Para ello, se han analizado todas las publicaciones de los fact-checkers españoles ligados a la IFCN en Instagram durante el año 2021 (n=655). Los datos se han extraído utilizando Crowdtangle y posteriormente se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de contenido, tanto cualitativo como cuantitativo, para observar cómo los formatos, temáticas y otras variables afectan al engagement de los usuarios. Los resultados muestran que las publicaciones relacionadas con la política y legislación han sido las más publicadas, aunque son las publicaciones sobre racismo y xenofobia las que reciben mayor engagement. Por otra parte, se ha observado que los fact-checkers no utilizan Instagram como una red social para generar conversación, sino más bien para presentar sus verificaciones de un modo visual.
Editorial
Authors: Zeta de Pozo Rosa
Published: March 2023

La comunicación sigue su curso dinámico. El ecosistema digital está cambiando, y cambian los paradigmas de comunicación, en un contexto post pandémico, de un año de guerra entre Rusia y Ucrania, y de una tecnología desafiante, disruptiva. Y los artículos tratan estas temáticas.
Rojas Torrijos, J. L. (2022). Radar. Pistas y tendencias en el periodismo deportivo
Authors: Londoño Moreno Mateo
Published: March 2023

El profesor José Luis Rojas Torrijos ha estudiado el periodismo deportivo desde diferentes aspectos. Muestra de ello son los diferentes libros que ha escrito en donde aborda temas del área como la innovación, estilo periodístico, modelos de negocio, ética periodística y narrativas digitales. En el presente
Optimal Location Problem for Composite Bodies with Separate and Joined Rigid Inclusions
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Lazarev N. P. , Semenova G. M. ,   North-Eastern Federal University
Published: March 2023

Nonlinear mathematical models describing an equilibrium state of composite bodies which may come into contact with a fixed non-deformable obstacle are investigated. We suppose that the composite bodies consist of an elastic matrix and one or two built-in volume (bulk) rigid inclusions. These inclusions have a rectangular shape and one of them can vary its location along a straight line. Considering a location parameter as a control parameter, we formulate an optimal control problem with a cost functional specified by an arbitrary continuous functional on the solution space. Assuming that the location parameter varies in a given closed interval, the solvability of the optimal control problem is established. Furthermore, it is shown that the equilibrium problem for the composite body with joined two inclusions can be considered as a limiting problem for the family of equilibrium problems for bodies with two separate inclusions.
The Problem of Determining Kernels in a Two-dimensional System of Viscoelasticity Equations
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics at the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Durdiev D. K. ,   Bukhara State University, Boltaev A. A. ,   Institute of Mathematics at the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan,   North-Caucasus Center for Mathematical Research of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

For a two-dimensional system of integro-differential equations of viscoelasticity in an isotropic medium, the direct and inverse problems of determining the stress vector and particle velocity, as well as the diagonal hereditarity matrix, are studied. First, the system of two-dimensional viscoelasticity equations was transformed into a system of first-order linear equations. The thus composed system of first-order integrodifferential equations with the help of its special matrix was reduced to a normal form with respect to time and one of the spatial variables. Then, using the Fourier transform with respect to another spatial variable and integrating over the characteristics of the equations based on the initial and boundary conditions, it was replaced by a system of Volterra integral equations of the second kind, equivalent to the original problem. An existence and uniqueness theorem for the solution of the direct problem is given. To solve the inverse problem using the integral equations of the direct problem and additional conditions, a closed system of integral equations for unknown functions and some of their linear combinations is constructed. Further, the contraction mapping method (Banach principle) is applied to this system in the class of continuous functions with an exponential weighted norm. Thus, we prove the global existence and uniqueness theorem for the solutions of the stated problems. The proof of the theorems is constructive, i.e. with the help of the obtained integral equations, for example, by the method of successive approximations, a solution to the problems can be constructed.
Elliptic Equations with Arbitrarily Directed Translations in Half-Spaces
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Liiko V. V. , Muravnik A. B. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we investigate the half-space Dirichlet problem for elliptic differential-difference equations with superpositions of differential operators and translation operators acting in arbitrary directions parallel to the boundary hyperplane. The summability assumption is imposed on the boundary-value function of the problem. The specified equations, substantially generalizing classical elliptic partial differential equations, arise in various models of mathematical physics with nonlocal and (or) heterogeneous properties or the process or medium: multi-layer plates and envelopes theory, theory of diffusion processes, biomathematical applications, models of nonlinear optics, etc. The theoretical interest to such equations is caused by their nonlocal nature: they connect values of the desired function (and its derivatives) at different points (instead of the same one), which makes many classical methods unapplicable. For the considered problem, we establish the solvability in the sense of generalized functions, construct Poisson-like integral representations of solutions, and prove the infinite smoothness of the solution outside the boundary hyperplane and its uniform convergence to zero (together with all its derivatives) as the timelike variable tends to infinity. We find a power estimate of the velocity of the specified extinction of the solution and each its derivative.
A Graph Heuristic Approach for the Data Path Allocation Problem. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Makhoul Racha
Published: March 2023

The current escalation in usage and complexity of modern digital systems, and the emergence of Very-Large Scale Integration (VLSI) has led to a huge design productivity gap in the chip design industry. It is well established that the annual growth of the number of transistors on a chip surpasses that of transistors handled by a fi xed-sized design team. This gap, represented by \Moore's law of engineers", raises the necessity for more efficient approaches to automatically design these advanced frameworks. This paper aims to reduce the design productivity gap by presenting a new algorithm to optimize chip design automation in terms of runtime and solution quality. More speci cally, this automation process known as high-level synthesis (HLS), targets the datapath allocation problem in VLSI design. In this context, datapath allocation represents one of the major steps in HLS along with scheduling and partitioning. To optimize this allocation problem, a variation of the Fiduccia-Mattheyses (FM) algorithm is presented. The algorithm starts with a schedule as input and partitions it into available hardware resources using a modifi ed version of the Fiduccia-Mattheyses algorithm to t the datapath allocation problem. The algorithm is tested on various benchmarks and favorable results are reported. The results show that the algorithm performs well while generating sub-optimal solutions.
Investigating the Fate of Tetracycline in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor and Its Effects on Antibiotic Resistance Gene Proliferation from Different Membrane Types. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Zeeb Reem
Published: March 2023

As the concern of fresh and clean water scarcity is raised worldwide, the necessity of water reuse stands out. In this sense, the AnMBR, an advanced wastewater treatment technology combining the advantages of the MBR and anaerobic processes, has gained much attention in the past years as it produces high quality effluent from an energy efficient mechanism. Even though the removal of emerging microbial contaminants generally and antibiotics specifically from wastewater has been studied, the reduction of ARGs and tetracycline, which is one of the most used antibiotics worldwide, hasn’t been explicitly looked into using AnMBRs during treatment of real municipal wastewaters. Hence, this research, composed of a pre-tetracycline addition phase and a tetracycline addition phase, aimed to examine the effect of tetracycline continuously fed at a concentration of 300 μg/L on the performance of a lab-scale AnMBR as well as to evaluate the removal efficiency of tetracycline via the AnMBR system while looking into the attribution of each removal mechanism. It also studied the proliferation of iARGs and eARGs in the effluents of three externally connected membranes: two MFs and one UF. The results showed that a slight and quickly recoverable disruption was imposed by tetracycline on the system. Tetracycline was reduced at an efficiency > 91% for the three effluents with adsorption to sludge being the primary mechanism of removal even though notable degradation averaged to 38 % was recorded. The contribution of adsorption of tetracycline to the biofilm layer developed on each of the three membranes to removal was negligible. For ARGs, an increase in the abundance of tet-associated iARGs, with variation depending on the membrane pore size, was detected in the effluent, in opposition to tet-associated eARGs and non-tet ARGs which did not show an interpretable response to tetracycline.
Impacto del Programa Juntos sobre el gasto en alimentos en los hogares rurales, 2015
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Perú, Calatayud Mendoza Alfredo Pelayo , Apaza Mamani Edson ,   Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Perú
Published: March 2023

The objective of the present study is to estimate the impact of the Juntos Program on the per capita expenditure on food in rural households, as a source of information is used the National Household Survey - 2015 database, the methodology is the design technique Quasi-experimental Propensity Score Matching - PSM with the Nearest Neighbor Matching technique, this method consists in comparing the per capita expenditure on food obtained by each beneficiary treated with the control group having the most propensity score then the difference between each pair of paired households in the per capita expenditure on food is calculated and then all differences are averaged to calculate the ATT. The unit of analysis is the rural households of the sierra and selva of Peru in condition of poverty and extreme poverty. The results report that the probability of participating in the Juntos program depends on the characteristics of the household, the home and the head of household. The results also suggest that the Juntos program has a positive impact on food per capita spending, for those rural households in poverty and extreme poverty, the Juntos program has increased per capita spending by 8.9% (ATT = 0.089) to one Level of significance of 10%.