bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KINERJA LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN ROKOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN DUPONT SYSTEM
Authors: Rahadi Yusuf Kamil  , Sutrisno Herry
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan PT Wismilak Inti Makmur Tbk dibandingkan dengan PT Bentoel Internasional Investama Tbk dan PT Gudang Garam Tbk dengan menggunakan Du Pont System. Hasil penelitian akan dibandingkan dengan rata-rata industry sesuai dengan hasil nilai rasio yang digunakan yaitu Net Profit Margin, Total Aset Turnover, Equity Multiplier, Return on Investment, dan Return of Equity. Dari penelitian ini akan diketahui posisi perusahaan dibawah, sama atau diatas rata-rata, dan melihat pengaruh kenaikan tariff cukai yang diberlakukan pemerintah di tahun 2020 berdampak kepada penjualan yang menurun, meningkatkan beban perusahaan dan akan mempengaruhi jumlah laba yang diterima perusahaan.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, RISK MINIMIZATION, DAN MEDIA EXPOSURE TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Silaban Naomi Putri Sion , Aristi Mentari Dwi , Putri Adriyanti Agustina
Published: October 2022

Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari variabel independen yakni profitabilitas, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, risk minimization dan media exposure terhadap pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Popolusi penelitian 77 perusahaan property dan real estate yang listing di BEI dengan tahun pengamatan 2017-2020. Metode purposive sampling digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel penelitian sehingga diperoleh 160 perusahaan dengan tahun penelitian 2017-2020. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen yaitu Profitabilitas, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Risk Minimization, dan Media Exposure berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel dependen yakni pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility.
PENGARUH PENGENDALIAN.INTERNAL, INDEPENDENSI, WHISTLEBLOWING SYSTEM, ANTI-FRAUD AWARENESS, DAN INTEGRITAS TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN FRAUD
Authors: Olivia  , Lastanti Hexana Sri
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengendalian internal, independensi, whistleblowingsystem, anti-fraud awareness, dan integritas terhadap pencegahan fraud pada PT Inna PharmaceuticalIndustry. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah data primer. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan yangbekerja di PT Inna Pharmaceutical Industry tahun 2022. Sebanyak 69 responden yang dipilih menggunakanmetode convenience sampling. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda.Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan pengendalian internal, independensi danwhistleblowing system berpengaruh positif terhadap pencegahan fraud. Sedangkan anti-fraud awareness danintegritas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pencegahan fraud.
PENGARUH ILMU, LITERASI KEUNGAN, DAN DISEMINASI PASAR MODAL TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI DALAM BERINVESTASI DI PASAR MODAL
Authors: Elsa Elsa Juliana , Mayangsari Sekar
Published: October 2022

When conducting this research, the aim is to examine the effect of knowledge, financial literacy, and capital market socialization on the interest of accounting students to invest in the capital market. In conducting this study, the researcher used quantitative methods as the basis for his assessment, for this research population was shown to Accounting Students, Trisakti University, West Jakarta. The research sample obtained was 101 respondents. The results shown from this study indicate that Science, Financial Literacy, and Capital Market Dissemination have a positive effect on the interest of Accounting Students in investing in the Capital Market. in supporting the capital market and growing the interest of Accounting Students to invest in the Capital Market
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, STRUKTUR MODAL DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Ayub Ayub Muslih , Amin Muhammad Nuryatno
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of profitability, capital structure and firm size on firm value. In the companies financial sector in the banking sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The independent variables used in this study are profitability, capital structure and firm size. While the dependent variable used in this study is firm value.

The data used is secondary data obtained from the financial statements of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period, the research sample is 43 companies selected using the purposive sampling method. The method used to analyze the relationship between variables in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. And the analytical method used for hypothesis testing is SPSS.

Based on the results of this study indicate that profitability, capital structure and firm size partially and simultaneously have a positive effect on firm value. the higher the level of profitability, the level of debt that is within reasonable limits and the size of the company will affect the value of the company.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENGGUNAAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL DI JAKARTA
Authors: Rizky Pratama Alvis , Hermi Hermi
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji, menganalisis dan mencari bukti empiris dari pengaruh penggunaan teknologi informasi, ukuran perusahaan, pendidikan pemilik (pengelola), usia pemilik (pengelola), dan pelatihan pemilik (pengelola) terhadap penggunaan sistem informasi akuntansi. Populasi penelitian ini merupakan pemilik (pengelola) dari usaha mikro dan kecil dibidang food and beverage yang ada di Jakarta karena dengan adanya sistem informasi akuntansi, pemilik (pengelola) bisa mengetahui arah perkembangan dari usaha mikro dan kecil itu sendiri. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan metode snowball sampling dan diukur dengan rumus Lemeshow sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak seratus (100) responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi informasi dan pelatihan pemilik (pengelola) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penggunaan sistem informasi akuntansi. Sedangkan untuk variabel ukuran perusahaan, pendidikan pemilik (pengelola), dan usia pemilik (pengelola) tidak berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan sistem informasi akuntansi.
PENGARUH RISK PERCEPTION DAN HERDING TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI
Authors: Agusta Cherishta , Yanti Harti Budi
Published: October 2022

Data dari PT KSEI menunjukkan Provinsi DKI Jakarta memiliki SID 14,08% dan aset 85,12% di Pulau Jawa yang menjadikan DKI Jakarta sebagai provinsi yang memiliki sebagian besar investasi di Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh risk perception dan herding terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi di masyarakat DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan kuantitatif dengan responden yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta, berusia minimal 20 tahun, dan melakukan investasi. Data yang digunakanadalah data primer yang diambil dari jawaban responden di google form. Sebanyak 50 sampel digunakan untuk penelitian ini. Pengolahan data tersebut dibantu oleh software SPSS 25. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa risk perception berpengaruh positif terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi, sedangkan herding tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi. Artinya investor di DKI Jakarta yang berusia 20 tahun ke atas cenderung sudah mengetahui risiko yang akan dihadapi dalam berinvestasi dan sudah cukup mengetahui informasi produk investasi yang akan dibelinya.
ANALISIS EMPIRIS PERGANTIAN AUDITOR DI PERUSAHAAN INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMEN PRIMER YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Baskara Rizal Gading , Hermi
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pergantian manajemen, opini audit, profitabilitas, biaya audit, dan leverage terhadap aktivitas pergantian auditor. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan Industri Konsumen Primer yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015 - 2019. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan publikasi Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode untuk menentukan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampel yang diperoleh sebesar 219 sampel didapat dari 46 perusahaan Industri Barang Konsumen Primer. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik. Alasan pemilihan topik ini berdasarkan ketertarikan penulis terhadap lingkup audit di perusahaan industri konsumen dan bagaimana pentingnya perusahaan menjaga independensi auditor demi keberlangsungan industri konsumen primer di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pergantian manajemen dan biaya audit memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap pergantian auditor dan leverage memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap pergantian auditor. Sementara itu, opini audit dan profitabilitas tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap aktivitas pergantian auditor. Hal ini membuktikan masih terjadinya inkonsistensi terhadap pengujian auditor switching, sehingga masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut terhadap topik ini.
PENGARUH KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK, SANKSI PERPAJAKAN, DAN E-FILING TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI DI KPP KELAPA GADING JAKARTA
Authors: Meilita Sherin , Pohan Hotman Tohir
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kembali pengaruh kesadaran wajib pajak, perpajakan, dan E-filing terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kuesioner. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada wajib pajak orang pribadi di KPP Kelapa Gading, Jakarta. Jumlah wajib pajak orang pribadi dalam penelitian ini adalah 150 wajib pajak. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran wajib pajak berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi. Hal ini dikarenakan kesadaran wajib pajak merupakan faktor internal dari teori atribusi seperti dukungan yang muncul dalam diri individu dalam berperilaku patuh.
PENGARUH ROTASI AUDIT, FEE AUDIT, JUMLAH PARTNER, DAN REPUTASI KAP TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT DENGAN KOMITE AUDIT SEBAGAI VARIABE MODERASI
Authors: Silaban David Hatigoran , Mayangsari Sekar
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi seberapa besar pengaruh faktor-faktor dari rotasi audit, fee audit, jumlah partner, dan reputasi KAP terhadap kualitas audit dengan komite audit sebagai pemoderasi pada perusahaan perbankan di Bursa Efek pada periode 2018-2020. Peneliti menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari laporan keuangan perusahaan, dimana data perusahaan yang digunakan adalah data perusahaan perbankan sebanyak 46 perusahaan yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purpose sampling. Selain itu, peneliti menggunakan metode discretionary accrual untuk pengumpulan data kualitas audit. Uji Normalitas, Autokorelasi, Heteroskedastisitas, Multikolinearitas, uji Koefisien Determinasi, Statistik T, serta Statistik F merupakan uji yang digunakan guna menganalisis data. Hasil akhir penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara rotasi audit dan fee audit terhadap kualitas audit yang dihasilkan. Disamping itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa komite audit yang berperan sebagai pemoderasi menunjukan hasil yang memperkuat pengaruh bagi faktor-faktor seperti rotasi audit, fee audit, jumlah partner, reputasi KAP terhadap kualitas audit yang dihasilkan.
PENGARUH RELEVANSI NILAI, PREDIKTABILITAS LABA DAN NILAI BUKU EKUITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: NURHASANAH NURHASANAH , Hasnawati Hasnawati
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh relevansi nilai, prediktabilitas laba dan nilai buku ekuitas terhadap harga saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan jasa sektor keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 2017 - 2021. Jumlah perusahaan jasa sektor keuangan yang dijadikan sampel penelitian ini adalah 325 sampel pengamatan selama 5 (lima) tahun. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah metode purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisis penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda yang diolah menggunakan software statistics Eviews v12.0 (Econometric Views version 12). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa relevansi nilai dan nilai buku ekuitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham. sedangkan, prediktabilitas laba berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham.
Steady-State Aerodynamic Modeling Architecture Overview
Authors: Yuki Victoria A. , Corder Rajka K.
Published: October 2022

An aerodynamic model is a mathematical representation of the behavior of a vehicle in free flight, and the architecture defines the set of variables and equations used to construct the aerodynamic forces and moments. Aeromodels are widely used to represent aerodynamic performance during the design, development, and validation of air vehicles. Architecture selection drives source data requirements and therefore has ramifications for simulation accuracy, program cost, and schedule. This paper describes four approaches appropriate for simple cruciform airframes and provides selection rationale for each. These architectures employ [Formula: see text] table lookups and the principle of superposition to combine basic stability and control effectiveness components. Body axis mixed architecture provides an efficient method for modeling winged vehicles with limited maneuver requirements. Maneuver mixed-panel architecture enables efficient data collection for a wide range of airframe configurations, providing high accuracy around trim points. Single-panel architecture allows a large domain of flight conditions to be modeled with first-order accuracy using a relatively small data set. Lastly, polar architecture is ideal to reduce the number of independent variable dimensions for spinning projectiles. The architectures described are for the core of the aerodynamic model: steady-state aerodynamic behavior without detailed drag buildup, uncertainty, stability derivatives, transient effects, or application-specific elements.
View Invariants for Three-Dimensional Points with Constrained Observer Motion
Authors: McKee Paul D. , Derksen Harm , Christian John A.
Published: October 2022

Images from cameras are a common source of navigation information for a variety of vehicles. Such navigation often requires the matching of observed objects (e.g., landmarks, beacons, stars) in an image to a catalog (or map) of known objects. In many cases, this matching problem is made easier through the use of invariants. However, if the objects are modeled as three-dimensional points in general position, it has long been known that there are no invariants for a camera that is also in general position. This work discusses how invariants are introduced when the camera’s motion is constrained to a line, and proves that this is the only camera path along which invariants are possible. Algorithms are presented for computing both the invariants and the location for a camera undergoing rectilinear motion. The applicability of these ideas is discussed within the context of trains, aircraft, and spacecraft.
Multi-Objective Optimization for Curvilinearly Stiffened Porous Sandwich Plates Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets
Authors: Xiao Yushan , Wu Zhen , Zhang Xinyu , Ren Xiaohui
Published: October 2022

With the development of innovative manufacturing technology, multi-objective optimization algorithms for optimal design of advanced composite structures have gained increasing attention. An effective and high-accurate prediction on the mechanical behavior of structures is the basic core of optimization algorithms. Thus, a novel refined sinusoidal higher-order theory (NRSHT) combined with isogeometric analysis (IGA) is developed as the high-precision solver. A novel curvilinearly stiffened porous sandwich plate reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (CSP-GPL) is proposed as the research object. Compared with previous higher-order theories, the proposed NRSHT can more accurately forecast the natural frequencies of CSP-GPL through several numerical and experimental tests. Subsequently, the shape and material distribution design of CSP-GPL are studied with multi-objective optimization. The random forest regression (RFR) is utilized as the high-fidelity surrogate model to construct the objective function in the improved Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), which can significantly accelerate the integration of NRSHT-IGA and NSGA-II. Finally, the Pareto-optimal solutions, optimizing for fundamental frequency and total mass of CSP-GPL, are obtained from the present platform, which can give effective suggestions for the future designer to meet specific requirements.
Distributed Actuation Optimization of In-Orbit Membrane Structures Based on Clustering
Authors: Zhou Wenxiang , Luo Kai , Tian Qiang , Hu Haiyan
Published: October 2022

With recent advances in the technology of deployable space structures, the membrane reflectors (with large size but light weight) for satellite antennas are highly demanded. To maintain high surface precision of a membrane reflector, it needs to be actively controlled in orbit via a distributed actuation system. This paper presents the group-control optimization of distributed actuation with a limited number of input channels based on the full-orbital-period thermal-analysis and clustering algorithm. The study begins with the analysis of the thermal radiations on an inflated membrane reflector in a geosynchronous orbit, and it gives the database of temperature distribution. Then, the mechanics model of the membrane reflector under thermal loads and distributed electric actuation is established based on the modal expansion of the Fourier–Bessel series to simulate its thermal deformations. Afterward, the group-control optimization based on the clustering algorithm and thermal-analysis data is performed to successively involve the various constraint conditions. With the proposed method, a unified control mode of the distributed actuation is derived to remove the necessity of online computation for almost all the extreme cases of thermal deformations of the reflector in orbit. Finally, the method is validated via the comparison of numerical and experimental results.
2020 Measures to Address Violence and Unrest in a Time of COVID-19
Authors: Du Plessis Willemien , Pienaar Juanita M , Koraan Rene , Stoffels Myrone
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 had a severe impact on the lives of South Africans. Despite lockdown measures, unrest and violence continued unabated. The South African Police Services’ crime statistics reveal that, in some instances, less violent crimes were committed. Inquiries into taxi, police, and defence force violence during lockdown were also conducted. The Khosa v Minister of Defence case is dealt with in more detail in this regard. Violent protests continued despite lockdown measures. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s assistance to victims of apartheid in relation to basic and higher education was increased. The Department of Correctional Services had to reassess its parole system to ensure that violent criminals released on parole do not commit additional crimes. Despite this, numerous prisoners were released to lessen the pressure on prisons in a time of COVID-19. The Constitutional Court also addressed the Judicial Inspectorate’s lack of resources to conduct its work properly. The establishment of a National Security Council and its functions is addressed. The Firearms Control Regulations’ amendments include provisions on the training and retraining of employees of official institutions in the handling of firearms. The note also discusses several cases in relation to the use of firearms. The provisions of the Victim Support Services Bill of 2019 published in 2020 are also investigated. The note also refers to lists of entities that the United Nationals Security Council identified in terms of the Protection of Constitutional Democracy against Terrorist and Related Activities Act. The note concludes that unrest and violence (institutionalised or not) still underpin the South African society. The COVID-19 lockdown revealed more of these transgressions and limitations within the systems of the police, defence force, and correctional services. This note focuses on the most important 2020 measures and is a continuation of the annual reporting in this regard.
An Embedded Chiasm in the Narrative Structure of Psalm 105
Authors: Martin Lee Roy
Published: October 2022

This article suggests that a previously unrecognised chiasm is embedded within the narrative structure of Psalm 105. Both the narrative structure and the chiastic structure of Psalm 105 are described, and the rhetorical significance of these structures is explored. The narrative structure points to the value of historical recital as a form of testimony and theological articulation within the liturgical life of Israel. The chiastic structure highlights significant elements of the psalm and its story. The emphasis of Psalm 105 is on Yahwehâ€™s power and dominance over Israelâ€™s enemies, a dominance that generates trust and hope that would be particularly beneficial to those hearers who were suffering in the exilic or in postexilic contexts.
Coordinating the Deployment of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage
Authors: Jagu Schippers Emma , Da Costa Pascal , Massol Olivier
Published: October 2022

Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is a negative emissions technology that allows the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere while producing energy or goods. This technology has been increasingly pictured as key to reaching the Paris Agreement targets. But with only a few demonstration projects currently in operation, its deployment is far from projected. The large-scale deployment of BECCS is hindered by economic, social, and environmental barriers that have been subject to an increasing number of studies. As most research on BECCS tends to adopt a central planning perspective, the barriers related to strategic interactions and coordination issues within the BECCS value chain are often overlooked. Based on a systematic literature review, we identify coordination-related challenges for BECCS deployment. We describe three challenges to BECCS deployment that should be further examined through the lens of coordination: (i) trading biomass and ensuring its sustainability; (ii) reducing costs through synergies with other industries and shared CO2 infrastructures; and (iii) coordinating policies internationally to provide revenues for BECCS.
Novel filagrinol-containing emollient
Authors: Snarskaya Elena S. , Bratkovskaya Anna V.
Published: October 2022

Background. In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in interest in the study of the role of epidermal barrier structural integrity in order to determine the prospects for its pathogenetic correction. It is now known that patients with filaggrin gene mutations have increased risk of developing atopic dermatitis, xerosis, ichthyosis, eczema. Filaggrin participates in the formation of a full-fledged stratum corneum, provides formation of a natural moisturizing factor, stabilizing the water balance of the stratum corneum. In Russia, the innovative filaggrin-containing Admera has been registered, which opens up prospects in the management impaired skin barrier function diseases.
Aims. Efficacy and safety of "Admera" emollient in patients with primary and secondary xerosis.
Materials and methods. A single-center prospective interventional study December 2021 March 2022 at the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases of the Sechenov University. The study included 32 patients (22 main group, 10 control group) aged 18 to 60 years (29 9.78), 14 men and 18 women diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, skin xerosis. Patients applied moisturizers 3 times a day for 21 days. Performance was evaluated using vIGA-AD, POEM, EASI, 5D Elman scale, SKINDEX-29, HADS, on Capricorn AI, ANTERA 3D machines.
Results. A steady regression of clinical symptoms of xerosis was noted during the study by the dynamics of the study scales. The mean EASI score decreased by 67% from 25.25 18.78 screening to 7.8 4.41 control visit (p 0.001). Assessment of POEM index dynamics showed a significant decrease in total score from 18.65 to 6.6 (p 0.001). There was good tolerability of the product and absence of adverse events.
Conclusions. The filagrinol-containing emollient Admera (Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., India) demonstrated high efficacy and safety in all patients. This emollient can be recommended as a basic care product in the treatment schemes and prevention of primary, secondary xerosis, relapses of atopic dermatitis.
HLA-B27 and its role in the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Artamonova Olga G. , Karamova Arfenya E. , Chikin Vadim V. , Kubanov Alexey A.
Published: October 2022

The literature review presents the characteristics of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 as a factor contributing to the development of psoriatic arthritis. HLA-B27 is a class I surface antigen encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) B locus located on chromosome 6. The main function is to present antigenic peptides to the CD8+ T-cells. HLA-B27 is the most important genetic biomarker for psoriatic arthritis, as it provides phenotypic differentiation in the patient population. The prevalence of HLA-B*27 in various population groups are presented. The structural features of the HLA-B27 molecule are described. The characteristics of methods for detecting HLA-B*27 status and determining its subtypes are given. The main mechanisms of the HLA-B*27 polymorphism influence on the development of psoriatic arthritis are considered, and hypotheses are analyzed that explain the pathogenic effect of HLA-B*27: the arthritogenic peptide hypothesis, the misfolding hypothesis, the HLA-B27 heavy chain homodimer formation hypothesis. The features of the clinical manifestations and course of HLA-B*27-positive psoriatic arthritis are presented, allowing the use of HLA-B27 to predict the development of psoriatic joint damage.
Efficiency of command-staff exercises for working out the issues of eliminating emergency situations and providing first aid to victims
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KRUPCHAK Marina M. , MASSEROVA Irina V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The article presents the results of the field command-staff exercise (СSE) analysis, conducted by State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia in the Noginsk Rescue Center of EMERCOM of Russia. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of СSE effectiveness based on the feedback received from the cadets of the Academy. The indicators of СSE participants satisfaction with the professional level of practical training have been revealed. Based on the analysis and evaluation of the study results practical recommendations aimed at optimizing the educational process are formulated. Methods. An empirical research method has been used to objectify the scientific data. A survey of a certain number of respondents has been conducted in order to study the students’ subjective opinions. The obtained results have been interpreted by the rank correlation method. Findings. Based on the analysis of scientific sources and the results of the data obtained, practical recommendations are formulated and prospects for further research are outlined. Research application field. The scope of the study includes the solution of practical problems for working out the issues of emergency situations elimination and first aid provision to victims, which is the priority in the activities of EMERCOM of Russia. Conclusions. The analysis of the obtained results made it possible to sum up the CSE results, to determine the degree of achieved learning goals. The measures necessary to eliminate the identified shortcomings and further improve the preparation for extreme activities in emergency situations of peacetime and wartime have been identified.
Integrated safety management system for productions related to handling combustible dust
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, ROMANYUK Elena V. , KALIEV Oleg S. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose. For chemical, food, woodworking, pharmaceutical and some other industries, the main fire hazard factor is the circulation of explosive dust and gas flows containing combustible dust. For their disposal and removal from the volumes of equipment and premises, production aspiration systems (PAS) are used, their effective functioning is the key to production safety, so the given work is aimed at developing an automated PAS control system that ensures fire safety, as well integrating PAS control system into ACS of the production. To achieve this goal, the tasks of identifying the main hazards, developing an information environment for the system, developing mechanisms for the interaction of PAS accident triggers with the information environment and other subsystems of the automated control system, and, ultimately, creating the concept of a single system – an integrated production safety management system (IPSMS) are considered. Methods. The task is carried out by systematizing information related to the specifics of developing and operating industrial aspiration systems and evaluating information using logical functions, as well as developing the model based on the graph theory, namely, describing the system operation using Petri nets. Findings. To achieve the goal, the concept of an integrated production safety management system is proposed. The concept takes into account the peculiarities of the technological process and integrating with the subsystems of the production automated control system to neutralize both local accidents and accidents that develop into large-scale emergencies. The system considers the specifics of the main technological equipment and hardware solutions for dust collection in PAS, the degree of production automation, the categories of premises according to explosion and fire hazard. Based on the information analysis, a sequence of actions has been developed to eliminate the accident or minimize its consequences. To implement the tasks of IPSMS, a mathematical model based on the Petri net has been developed. Research application field. The results obtained can be used to design and improve automated systems for preventing accidents, fires and explosions in industries associated with the handling of combustible dust. Conclusions. The use of IPSMS will simplify the decisionmaking process linked with the analysis of a large amount of highly specific information related to the operation of industrial aspiration systems. The proposed methods and models are reliable tools\for the system of intelligent decision making support in stressful situations.
Plaster compositions as fire protection of steel structures at oil and gas facilities
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Gravit Marina V. , Shabunina Dariya E. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The article describes experimental studies of steel columns samples with two types of fire resistant plasters to determine time of reaching critical temperature and loss of bearing capacity by samples. Methods. Experimental studies of two plaster compositions types, each of which is a mixture of Portland cement, vermiculite and other binders with target additives and fillers have been conducted. The ELCUT software package has been used to simulate thermophysical processes of the considered steel structures. Findings. Simulation of steel structures heating has showed a good correlation (not more than 5 %) with the results of the experiment. Thermophysical characteristics of plaster fire resistant coatings in the temperature range from 20 to 1 000 °C have been determined by solving the inverse task of thermal conductivity using the finite-element model in the ELCUT software package. Nomograms of steel structures heating under the influence of standard and hydrocarbon regimes of the fire with use of plaster composition have been given. Research application field. The obtained results can be used in the technical documentation of fire resistant compositions done by manufacturers for the possibility of simulating and forecasting plaster coating consumption depending on the given thickness of the metal. Conclusions. It has been shown that the difference of thermal conductivity values under standard and hydrocarbon fire conditions at 1 000 °С is 8–10 %, the difference of heat capacity values at 1 000 °С is 10–15 %. It has been found that the fire-resistance limit in the hydrocarbon fire regime is observed 40–50 minutes earlier with comparable flow rates and given metal thicknesses.
Experimental determination of specific coefficient of nitrogen dioxide formation during nitrocellulose film combustion
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KUZMIN Vladimir V. , PUZACH Sergey V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, AKPEROV Ruslan G. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, BOLDRUSHKIEV Ochir B. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, VASHCHENKOVA Yana Yu. ,   Training and Fire Extinguishing Department 15 of the Fire and Rescue Squad of the FPS GPS of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Moscow Region
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Pulmonotoxic substances (for example, nitrogen dioxide) are extremely hazardous for people during fires. These substances cause mucous membrane irritation and with prolonged exposure can lead to toxic pulmonary edema. However, fire load database which is used for calculating fire risks does not contain values of nitrogen dioxide formation distribution coefficient. Therefore, determining parameters of nitrogen dioxide formation during various substances and materials burning is a priority. The purpose of the study is to experimentally determine the partial density and distribution coefficient of nitrogen dioxide formation during cellulose nitrate film combustion in an enclosed volume. To achieve it an experimental installation for determining fire hazard of condensed materials during their thermal decomposition has been modified. Methods. Experimental methods of measuring and processing parameters of substances and raw materials burning as well as obtained results analysis methods are used. Findings. A technique for experimental calculation of nitrogen dioxide formation distribution coefficient has been developed and validity of obtained results approximation for real rooms has been justified. Values of distribution coefficient of forming nitrogen dioxide evolved during cellulose nitrate film combustion are experimentally obtained. Maximum weight of the above-mentioned film located in a room of a given volume at which NO2 partial density does not reach its critical or fatal value for people has been assessed. Research application field. Fire load database used when calculating fire risks, according to distribution coefficients of nitrogen dioxide formation during various substances andmaterials combustion has been expanded. Conclusions. The modified experimental installation for determining fire hazard of condensed materials during their thermal decomposition, as well as the developed method for experimental determination of nitrogen dioxide formation distribution coefficient make it possible to obtain data on nitrogen dioxide formation necessary for calculating fire risks in buildings and structures.
Impact of obstacles aerodynamic characteristics on gas-air mixture explosion parameters
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Sulimenko Vladimir A. , Teterin Ivan A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Processes associated with the production, storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas require special attention in the field of ensuring their safety. The presence of obstacles at liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage facilities, their shape, location and other parameters in case of ignition can affect the process of gas-air cloud formation and combustion parameters. The impact of obstacles on the spread of LNG and explosion parameters of the gas-air cloud is still not thoroughly studied, which makes the present study relevant. Methods. Regulatory documents and methods for predicting parameters of a gas-air cloud explosion have been analyzed, studies on the influence of the obstacle diameter on the gas-air mixture explosion parameters have been carried out, the process of gas flowing round the obstacle has been analyzed. Findings. The theoretical study of the process of gas flowing around the obstacle made it possible to propose the dependence of the flame front speed acceleration on the streamlining of the obstacle. It is determined that a more streamlined body leads to less turbulization than a less streamlined one. Studies have shown that the increase in the cross-sectional area of the obstacle leads to the decrease in explosion parameters. At increasing the obstacle diameter from 6 to 8 mm, the maximum explosion pressure of the gas-air mixture behind the obstacle gradually decreases from 0.491 to 0.312 kPa, and at increasing the diameter up to 10 mm, the pressure decreases to 0.227 kPa. Research application field. The further direction of the study of the obstacle aerodynamic characteristics on the explosion parameters of the gas-air mixture for creating a theoretical basis for predicting gas-air cloud explosion parameters considering the cluttering of the area has been determined. Taking into account the obstacle aerodynamic characteristics will help reduce the explosion hazard of production facilities. Conclusions. Application of obstacles aerodynamic characteristics in gas-air cloud explosion prediction methods will allow determining more accurately the impact of obstacles on LNG propagation parameters and gas-air mixture explosion parameters. It is proposed to supplement the methodology for calculating the parameters of a gas-air cloud explosion with the coefficient taking into account the influence of the obstacle aerodynamic characteristics on the visible flame front propagation speed.
Assessment of factors influencing the behavior of security personnel of shopping and entertainment centers in evacuation organization
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Efimov Andrey A. , Shikhalev Denis V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The analysis of fires and research in the field of evacuation has shown that at present there are a number of problems in evacuating people from shopping and entertainment centers, in particular, the personnel of these facilities do not always have the appropriate training, as well as practical skills required to act in case of fire. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors evacuation organization from shopping and entertainment centers. To achieve this goal it was necessary to conduct a survey of managers, security personnel, and the staff of shopping and entertainment centers, and analyze the obtained results. The choice of this category of respondents is due to the fact that in most cases they are the ones who the decision-making by evacuees depends on. Methods. To formalize the decision-making process and obtain data on knowledge and attitude of the staff of shopping and entertainment centers in the field of organizing and managing evacuation, identifying their quantitative parameters, the survey method has been used. Findings. In the course of the study, a survey of managers and the security staff members (768 respondents) was conducted. The important facts in the field of organizing evacuation process have been identified. The procedure of employees’ actions in organizing evacuation has been formalized. Algorithms for actions of security staff members in case of fire have been determined. Research application field. In the course of further work, it is planned to implement the obtained algorithms into the simulator of the evacuation process during the simulation, which will make it possible to determine the optimal strategies for organizing evacuation of people. Conclusions. In the course of further work, it is planned to implement the obtained algorithms into the simulator of the evacuation process during the simulation, which will make it possible to determine the optimal strategies for organizing evacuation of people.
Mathematical simulation of simultaneous engagement of fire trucks during urban emergency responses
Authors:   Academy of Civil Defence of EMERCOM  of the Donetsk People's Republic, Kozhevnikov Mikhail L. , Rudakova Olga A. ,   Academy of Civil Defence of EMERCOM  of the Donetsk People's Republic
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The article deals with the analysis of fire and rescue unit activities and the simulation of the process of simultaneous engagement of operational departments on main fire trucks that provide reliable urban fire protection. As far as is known, mathematical simulation is at the heart of forecasting the operational situation in the city and, consequently, the activities of its fire and rescue units. Probabilistic-statistical methods make it possible to calculate the amount of equipment needed for emergency responses, and also to establish the law of distributing the number of responses within 24 hours, the probability of simultaneous engagement of fire trucks and the most probable number of refusals to respond to emergencies. Optimization of the listed indicators contributes to the increase in the efficiency of fire and rescue units. Methods. To achieve the goals of the study mentioned above, we have carried out simulation of the process of simultaneous engagement of operational departments on main fire trucks by means of the methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics. This article presents a mathematical model for the simultaneous engagement of the main fire trucks during emergency responses on the example of Donetsk City. To justify the number of fire trucks needed for the city to respond to emergencies timely and efficiently, it is convenient to use an approach based on summation of a random number of random variables. Findings. We have carried out a detailed analysis of the current operational situation in one of the cities of the region with the highest level of fire and rescue unit engagement. The number of cases requiring the involvement of additional departments has been established, and the total duration of engagement of these departments to respond to emergences in the city within a year has been calculated. Research application field. The results obtained will make it possible in the future to develop recommendations for the reorganization and improvement of fire protection of cities under study. Conclusions. In the future, using the method presented in the article allows substantiating the number of main fire trucks, water tankers and turntable ladders in other big cities of the region, and for the long term as well. To do this, it is necessary to set the prognostic values of the parameters of the operational situation of each city under study.
Assessing fire risk of Vietnam administrative-territorial units
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Truong Van Hung , Prisyazhnyuk Nikolay L. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The article defines and analyzes main integral fire risks as well as integral socioeconomic index of fire risks (ISIFR) for Vietnam administrative-territorial units for the period from 2010 to 2021. Based on these indicators, the real level of fire risk in Vietnam provinces has been established. The obtained results can become fundamental in decision-making process of improving fire safety in Vietnam. Methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, mathematical statistics, as well as probability theory were used in the process of research. Findings. Integral fire risks numerical values and ISIFR for all provinces of Vietnam have been obtained. These indicators make it possible to rank country’s territorial units according to fire risk levels. Research application field. The applied methodology is the main approach for determining the level of fire risk of Vietnam administrative-territorial units. The obtained results can be used by the Main Directorate of Fire Service of Vietnam for solving problems of managing fire risks and resources taking into account dynamic and territorial features of fire risks. Conclusions. Main integral fire risks numerical values and ISIFR for all provinces of Vietnam have been obtained. The performed analysis shows that distribution of integral fire risks across the territories of Vietnam is not uniform. Based on the obtained integral socioeconomic index of fire risks, Vietnam territorial units (provinces) have been ranked according to fire risk levels. Ranking provinces according to integral socioeconomic index of fire risks allows carrying out priority organizational and technical measures to reduce fire risks in provinces with a high level of fire risk.
Algorithm of actions of fire service to extend high-pressure hoses when extinguishing a fire on the railway
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Anikin Sergey N. , Danilov Mikhail M. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Denisov Aleksey N. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Korolev Pavel S. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Litvinov Andrey A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Rail transport is one of the safest types of transportation, however, train accidents and catastrophes entail loss of life and significant property damage. A topical issue is the uninterrupted fire suppressant supply in case of fires on the railway. The authors present the results of an experiment on the development of a connecting device prototype to extend high-pressure hoses during firefighting. Methods. The authors have applied a comprehensive analysis of situational factors on the basis of practical experience in conducting fire extinction, preliminary planning and descriptions of the operational situation at a fire scene. The simulation of fire unit actions in extinguishing a fire on the route between stations has been carried out. Tests of the developed sample, a connecting device for high-pressure hoses, have been carried out as well. Findings. The authors have determined a significant degree of influence of fire unit actions on the effectiveness of performing the major combat mission, as well as the possibility of using the optimized management task route by the Fire-Ground Commander. The author team has developed a connecting device prototype to extend high-pressure hoses during fire fighting. Research application field. The study results are aimed at rationalizing the fire extinguishing process and organizing management to perform the main combat mission on the infrastructure of rail-type transport. The results can be applied to improve the forces of units involved in performing the main combat mission, increase the training facilities and capacities of Fire Service and introduce fire protection educational institutions into the process of training as well. Conclusions. The results of the experiment on the development of a connecting device prototype to extend high-pressure hoses during fire fighting in hard-to-reach places are presented. An algorithm for using a high-pressure hose in railway transport is proposed. It will allow reducing the consumption of a fire extinguishing agent relative to normal pressure hoses and increasing the distance for its use.