bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cannabinoid receptor signaling regulates liver development and metabolism
Authors: Liu Leah Y. , Alexa Kristen , Cortes Mauricio , Schatzman-Bone Stephanie , Kim Andrew J. , Mukhopadhyay Bani , Cinar Resat , Kunos George , North Trista E. , Goessling Wolfram
Published: February 2016

Endocannabinoid (EC) signaling mediates psychotropic effects and regulates appetite. By contrast, potential roles in organ development and embryonic energy consumption remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that genetic or chemical inhibition of cannabinoid receptor (Cnr) activity disrupts liver development and metabolic function in zebrafish (Danio rerio), impacting hepatic differentiation, but not endodermal specification: loss of cannabinoid receptor 1 (cnr1) and cnr2 activity leads to smaller livers with fewer hepatocytes, reduced liver-specific gene expression and proliferation. Functional assays reveal abnormal biliary anatomy and lipid handling. Adult cnr2 mutants are susceptible to hepatic steatosis. Metabolomic analysis reveals reduced methionine content in Cnr mutants. Methionine supplementation rescues developmental and metabolic defects in Cnr mutant livers, suggesting a causal relationship between EC signaling, methionine deficiency and impaired liver development. The effect of Cnr on methionine metabolism is regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factors (Srebfs), as their overexpression rescues Cnr mutant liver phenotypes in a methionine-dependent manner. Our work describes a novel developmental role for EC signaling, whereby Cnr-mediated regulation of Srebfs and methionine metabolism impacts liver development and function.
Recruitment of the 4EHP-GYF2 cap-binding complex to tetraproline motifs of tristetraprolin promotes repression and degradation of mRNAs with AU-rich elements
Authors: Fu Rui , Olsen Myanna T. , Webb Kristofor , Bennett Eric J. , Lykke-Andersen Jens
Published: February 2016

The zinc finger protein tristetraprolin (TTP) promotes translation repression and degradation of mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs). Although much attention has been directed toward understanding the decay process and machinery involved, the translation repression role of TTP has remained poorly understood. Here we identify the cap-binding translation repression 4EHP-GYF2 complex as a cofactor of TTP. Immunoprecipitation and in vitro pull-down assays demonstrate that TTP associates with the 4EHP-GYF2 complex via direct interaction with GYF2, and mutational analyses show that this interaction occurs via conserved tetraproline motifs of TTP. Mutant TTP with diminished 4EHP-GYF2 binding is impaired in its ability to repress a luciferase reporter ARE-mRNA. 4EHP knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) display increased induction and slower turnover of TTP-target mRNAs as compared to wild-type MEFs. Our work highlights the function of the conserved tetraproline motifs of TTP and identifies 4EHP-GYF2 as a cofactor in translational repression and mRNA decay by TTP.
Evolution de la societe rurale dans l' ouest du Peloponnese-Metochi (Achaie)
Authors: Sivignon Michel
Published: February 2016

Metochi est une commune de la plaine littorale du Péloponnèse oc­
cidental. Elle se compose de deux hameaux principaux: Metochi et
Lappa. Metochi est l'établissement le plus ancien et autrefois la plus
important. Il est en train de décliner, cependant que Lappa prend
l'avantage, grâce à dessols de meilleure qualité, grâce à sa localisation
sur les voies de communications principales et surtout grâce à ses
possibilités d'irrigation. La surface moyenne par exploitation est deux
fois plus élevée à Lappa et l'eau abondante, si bien que la commune se
décompose en un village prospère. Lappa et un village pauvre.
Metochi, dont les habitants doivent travailler chez les exploitants de
Lappa pour compléter leurs ressources.
Tant que les grands-meres parlent...: Approche sociolinguistique du bilinguisme actuel dans un village de l' Almopie
Authors: Drettas Georges
Published: February 2016

Lout d'abord, l'auteur décrit brièvement la constitution du bi
linguisme sociétal d’un milieu rural de l'Almopie. Puis il examine les
composantes linguistiques de l'accent autochtone, en accordant une
attention particulière à l'utilisation sémiotique de cet accent dans ce
milieu plurilingue (répérage des locuteurs entre eux et jeu stylistique
dans le discours). Enfin, cette brève description se termine par une
série d'hypothèses portant sur les causes du maintien actuel de la
langue locale.
Dominations etrangeres et transformations de l' agriculture cretoise entre le XIVe et le XIX siecles
Authors: Triantafyllidou-Baladie Yolande
Published: February 2016

Le développement et la commercialisation des trois principaux pro­
duits de l'agriculture Cretoise céréales, vin. huile d’olive—sont mis
en rapport avec la politique économique des deux puissances qui, suc­
cessivement, ont exercé leur domination sur la Crète: Venise, puis
l'Empire ottoman.
Cette politique n'avait pas pour premier but de servir les intérêts de
la population crétoise mais ceux de la puissance souveraine.
Aussi assiste-t-on à la prépondérance de la culture céréalière et de la
commercialisation des grains au début de la domination vénitienne,
époque durant laquelle la République éprouve, pour de multiples
raisons, de grands besoins en céréales. Elle va favoriser cette culture
jusqu’à la fin du XVe siècle environ.
Alors d'autres facteurs interviennent. En Occident on assiste au
développement de l'industrie, à l'expansion du commerce interna
tional, au développement du capitalisme marchand, à la croissance
des centres urbains. Ces facteurs sont déterminants pour la nouvelle
politique agricole adoptée parVenise à legard de ses colonies; c'est la
période de la monoculture. Aussi laCrète se voue-t-elle à la culture de
la vigne dont l'expansion rapide, au. XVIe siècle, lui permet d'ex­
porter d'importantes quantités de vins dé qualité. C'est la période de
l'essor économique le plus important de nie.
Cependant la crise internationale de la fin du XVIe siècle et la
perte définitive de l'îlc par les Vénitiens au cours du XVIIe siècle
font régresser la viticulture en Crète. La vigne passera désormais au
second plan.
Pour une série de raisons dues à la politique économique de l'Em
pire ottoman, on voit au même moment se développer l'oléiculture.
Le commerce de l'huile d'olive prendra le pas sur les autres pendant
les XVIlIe et XIXe siècles.
Quelques aspects du changement social dans un village de montagne cretois
Authors: Saulnier Francoise
Published: February 2016

La première partie de cet article présente l'organisation traditionnelle
du village à travers quelques aspects socio-économiques dont on a
souligné la nature dynamique. L'évolution plus récente du village est
ensuite abordée sur le plan économique d'abord avec l’influence du
tourisme, puis sur le plan social avec l’autonomie renforcée de la
cellule conjugale par rapport au lignage et l'individualisation des per
sonnes par rapport au groupe familial. L'opposition société tradition­
nelle/société contemporaine n'a été établie que pour une meilleure
clarté du texte, car il n'y a pas eu de rupture entre les deux.
Blind Queues: The Impact of Consumer Beliefs on Revenues and Congestion
Authors: Cui Shiliang , Veeraraghavan Senthil
Published: February 2016

In many service settings, customers have to join the queue without being fully aware of the parameters of the service provider (e.g., customers at checkout counters may not know the true service rate before joining). In such “blind queues,” customers make their joining/balking decisions based on limited information about the service provider’s operational parameters (from past service experiences, reviews, etc.) and queue lengths. We analyze a firm serving customers making decisions under arbitrary beliefs about the service parameters in an observable queue for a service with a known price. By proposing an ordering for the balking threshold distributions in the customer population, we are able to compare the effects of customer beliefs on the queue. We show that, although revealing the service information to customers improves revenues under certain conditions, it may destroy consumer welfare or social welfare. Given a market size, consumer welfare can be significantly reduced when a fast server announces its true service parameter. When revenue is higher under some beliefs, one would expect the congestion to also be higher because more customers join, but we show that congestion may not necessarily increase.

This paper was accepted by Teck-Hua Ho, stochastic models and simulation.
Peri-implantitis: what you need to know and how to help
Authors: Chauhan Ravi
Published: February 2016

This article will introduce a significant biological complication that has developed involving dental implants: peri-implantitis. It provides an overview, how it is caused, and what dental nurses can do to help patients prevent the condition
Choosing the right CPD for you and where to find it
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: February 2016

Continuing professional development is a mandatory requirement for all dental nurses, but with so much choice how do you know what is most appropriate for you, and who are the best providers to obtain it?
Can you hear us? Having a voice in dentistry
Authors: Hancocks Stephen
Published: February 2016

Even in a world of text messages and emails, the spoken word is an essential ingredient in communication and here, Stephen Hancocks explores the importance of having a ‘voice’ individually and just as importantly, as a group
Recognising human factors and minimising error
Authors: McKernon Sarah
Published: February 2016

Brennan PA et al (2016) Good people who try their best can have problems: recognition of human factors and how to minimise error. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 54: 3–7. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.09.023
Oral health promotion for special care patients
Authors: Heidari Ellie , Burke Mary , Lewis Joy
Published: February 2016

Oral health care for special care patients with physical or sensory disability can present a challenge. This article describes why there are risks to oral health and gives some tips for dental nurses trained in special care dentistry on how to provide effective care
Clinical audits in radiology
Authors: Talati Shilla
Published: February 2016

This article looks at the different areas that can be audited in radiology, the cycle of events, and key points to remember when carrying out a clinical audit
Reasons to search for couple and family therapy: A systematic literature review
Authors: Neumann Angélica Paula , Wagner Adriana
Published: February 2016

There is a gap in the literature regarding the process by which families and couples seek professional help. Little is known about the familial and environmental factors that influence this process. The goal of this study was to identify the reasons why couples and families search for couple and family therapy. A systematic literature review was conducted. Twenty‑three articles have met the inclusion criteria. Content Analysis was used to identify the factors that influenced the help‑seeking process. Four factors were identified: type of problem, previous sources of help, gender and relationship factors. Results showed that couples and families use a variety of resources before looking for couple and family therapy. Research into this area is still in its early stages. Further studies must be conducted to better understand this phenomenon.
Crenças e estratégias da motivação na aprendizagem: Desenvolvimento de uma escala
Authors: Paulino Paula , Sá Isabel , Silva Adelina Lopes da
Published: February 2016

A autorregulação da motivação (AMA) é um constructo essencial no âmbito da autorregulação da aprendizagem (Wolters, 2011). Este estudo tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um instrumento destinado à avaliação das crenças motivacionais e das estratégias de regulação da motivação, em estudantes do 3º Ciclo de escolaridade. A «Escala de Autorregulação da Motivação na Aprendizagem» (EAMA) foi aplicada a 316 estudantes entre o 7.º e o 9.º ano de Escolaridade. Os resultados obtidos indicam boas características de fiabilidade da escala e sugerem a existência de quatro tipos de crenças e cinco tipos de estratégias. São discutidas algumas relações entre crenças e estratégias de regulação da motivação.
Recent developments in the evaluation of the 3D fundamental solution and its derivatives for transversely isotropic elastic materials
Authors: Mantič V. , Távara L. , Ortiz J.E. , París F.
Published: February 2016

Explicit closed-form real-variable expressions of a fundamental solution and its derivatives for three-dimensional problems in transversely linear elastic isotropic solids are presented. The expressions of the fundamental solution in displacements Uik and its derivatives, originated by a unit point force, are valid for any combination of material properties and for any orientation of the radius vector between the source and field points. An ex- pression of Uik in terms of the Stroh eigenvalues on the oblique plane normal to the radius vector is used as starting point. Working from this expression of Uik, a new approach (based on the application of the rotational symmetry of the material) for deducing the first and second order derivative kernels, Uik,j and Uik,jl respectively, has been developed. The expressions of the fundamental solution and its derivatives do not suffer from the difficulties of some previous expressions, obtained by other authors in different ways, with complex valued functions appearing for some combinations of material parameters and/or with division by zero for the radius vector at the rotational symmetry axis. The expressions of Uik, Uik,j and Uik,jl are presented in a form suitable for an efficient computational implementation in BEM codes.
A DRBEM For Time-Dependent Infiltration from Periodic Irrigation Channels in a Homogeneous Soil
Authors: Solekhudin I. , Ang K. C.
Published: February 2016

In this paper, a problem involving time-dependent water flow in a homogeneous soil is considered. The problem involves water infiltration from periodic identical trapezoidal channels. A governing equation of the problem is the Richard’s equation, which can be studied more conveniently by transforming the equation to a Helmholtz equation using the Kirchhoff transformation with dimensionless variables and a Laplace’s transform. A dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) is employed to solve the Helmholtz equation numerically. Results obtained are found to be physically reasonable. 
A Study of Speed of the Boundary Element Method as applied to the Realtime Computational Simulation of Biological Organs
Authors: Kumara P Kirana
Published: February 2016

In this work, possibility of simulating biological organs in realtime using the Boundary Element Method (BEM) is investigated. Biological organs are assumed to follow linear elastostatic material behavior, and constant boundary element is the element type used.  First, a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is used to speed up the BEM computations to achieve the realtime performance. Next, instead of the GPU, a computer cluster is used.  Results indicate that BEM is fast enough to provide for realtime graphics if biological organs are assumed to follow linear elastostatic material behavior. Although the present work does not conduct any simulation using nonlinear material models, results from using the linear elastostatic material model imply that it would be difficult to obtain realtime performance if highly nonlinear material models that properly characterize biological organs are used. Although the use of BEM for the simulation of biological organs is not new, the results presented in the present study are not found elsewhere in the literature.
Boundary Elements from 1960 to the Present Day
Authors: Watson J O
Published: February 2016

The development of boundary element methods as seen by one researcher in the field is described, from publication of the first results in 1963 to the present day. Details are given of the circumstances in which research was carried out. The objectives of the research are outlined, and the strategy according to which progress was made towards those objectives is explained. An assessment is made of what has actually been achieved, and topics for future research are proposed.
The Green's Function BEM for Bimaterial Solids Applied to Edge Stress Concentration Problems
Authors: Denda M.
Published: February 2016

A boundary element method (BEM) for bimaterial domains consisting of two isotropic solids bonded perfectly along the straight interface will be developed. We follow the physical interpretation of Somiglianaâ€™s identity to represent the displacement in the bimaterial domain by the continuous distributions of the line forces and dislocation dipoles over its boundary. The fundamental solutions used are the Greenâ€™s functions for the line force and the dislocation dipole that satisfy the traction and displacement continuity across the interface of two domains. There is no need to model the interface because the required continuity conditions there are automatically satisfied by the Greenâ€™s functions. The BEM will be applied to study the edge stress concentration of the bimaterial solids. We calculate the singular stress distribution at the free edge of the interface for various bimaterial configurations and loadings, in particular, for the domain consisting of thin coating over the substratum. Since the Green's function BEM does not require the boundary elements on the interface, it can handle the edge singularity on the interface accurately even for extremely thin coatings. The BEM developed here is not limited to the edge stress concentration problems and can be applied to a broad range of the bimaterial domain problems effectively.
The Boundary Element Method and Path-independent Integrals in Sensitivity Analysis of Structures with Stress Concentration
Authors: Burczynski T. , Habarta M.
Published: February 2016

This paper presents the implementation of the boundary element method to shape sensitivity analysis of elastic structures with stress concentrators. An elastic body which contains a number of voids (internal boundaries), playing the role of stress concentrators, is considered. We are interested in calculating the first order sensitivity of shapeâ€“dependent functionals with respect to the shape variation of the body domain. This task is accomplished using the adjoint variable method. As it has been shown by Dems and MrÃ³z [10], for a basic transformation (i.e. a translation, a rotation or a scale change) of the body, the sensitivity of the considered functional takes the form of a path-independent integral (PII) whose integrand depends on the primary and adjoint state fields, along an arbitrary path (curve in 2D, surface in 3D), enclosing the transformed stress concentrator (void). It is very important for numerical computations, because we can compute this integral along the path placed far from the stress concentrator to eliminate the negative influence of stress concentrations on the accuracy of calculations. The boundary element method (BEM) is used to solve both primary and adjoint problems. Some important cases of adjoint problems related to functionals are analyzed in the paper. A thorough numerical verification of the proposed method is performed in this work. The presented method of sensitivity analysis is utilised in gradient-based optimization and identification problems. Numerical examples of optimization and identification are shown in this paper.
Boundary Element Analysis of Reactive Mufflers and Packed Silencers with Catalyst Converters
Authors: Wu T. W. , Chen C. Y. R.
Published: February 2016

This paper reviews recent developments in the application of the boundary element method (BEM) to muffler and silencer analysis. Initial results of modeling built-in catalyst converters are also presented. A so-called â€œdirect mixed-body boundary element methodâ€? has been developed for muffler and silencer analysis since 1996. The idea of the method is to integrate all kinds of different boundary and internal surfaces into a single integral equation set without using the conventional multi-domain approach, even though there may be different media in the domain. A key ingredient in this method is the hypersingular integral equation. The concept of the direct mixedbody BEM is not totally against the conventional multi-domain BEM, though. For very large structures or at high frequencies, a multi-domain or substructuring approach is still necessary in order to reduce the memory usage as well as the computation time. With the direct mixed-body BEM, each substructure does not need to be a well-defined and homogeneous subdomain. As such, substructuring can be done more naturally along the longitudinal direction. Catalyst converters may also be modeled as a modular in the general framework of substructuring. Several test cases are presented with experimental verification, including two cases with built-in converters.
Some New Three-Dimensional Green's Functions in Antisotropic Piezoelectric Bimaterials
Authors: Pan E.
Published: February 2016

In this paper, we derive three-dimensional Greenâ€™s functions of point-force/pointcharge in anisotropic and piezoelectric bimaterials for six different interface models. Mechanically, the six interface models are either in perfect or smooth contact along the interface; electronically, they can be closed, open interface, or with continuous electrical potential and normal electrical displacement component along the interface. By introducing certain modified bimaterial Stroh matrices, along with the extended Stroh formalism and the Mindlinâ€™s superposition method, the bimaterial Greenâ€™s functions for the six interface conditions are expressed in terms of a concise and mathematically similar uniform form. That is, the physical-domain bimaterial Greenâ€™s functions can all be expressed as a sum of a homogeneous full-space Greenâ€™s function in an explicit form and a complementary part in terms of simple line-integrals over [0, Ï€] suitable for standard numerical integration. Furthermore, utilizing a direct connection between the 2D and 3D Stroh matrices observed in this paper, the corresponding 2D bimaterial Greenâ€™s functions are also derived, in exact-closed form, for the six interface conditions. Based on the bimaterial Greenâ€™s functions, the effects of different interface conditions on the mechanical and electrical fields are discussed. It is noted that only the complementary part of the solution contributes to the differences of the mechanical and electrical fields arising from different interface conditions. Also, numerical examples are presented for the Greenâ€™s functions in the bimaterials made of two half-spaces with two typical piezoelectric materials, quartz and ceramic. Certain new features are observed which could be of great interest to the design of piezoelectric composites and to the numerical modeling of strained quantum devices using the boundary element method.
Fracture analysis of cracked thermopiezoelectric materials by BEM
Authors: Qin Qing-Hua
Published: February 2016

The boundary element formulation for analysing cracked thermopiezoelectric materials due to thermal and electroelastic loads is reviewed in this paper. By way of Green's functions for piezoelectric solid with defects and variational principle, a boundary element model (BEM) for a 2-D thermopiezoelectric solid with various defects is discussed. The method is applicable to multiple crack problems in both finite and infinite solids. Finally a brief assessment of the boundary element formulation is made by considering some numerical examples for stress and electric displacement (SED) intensity factors at a particular crack-tip in a crack system of piezoelectric materials.
Numerical Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Cracked Fibre-Metal Laminates with Cut-Outs
Authors: Cudzilo B.E. , Tan C.L.
Published: February 2016

The boundary element method (BEM) for two-dimensional numerical stress analysis is employed to investigate crack-face bridging of cracked fibre-metal laminates (FML) with cut-outs in this study. The fracture mechanics prediction of crack growth in these perforated laminates involves the interaction of the geometry and crack size, the delamination between the pre-peg and metal layers, and the extent of fibre-bridging of the crack flanks with the stress field caused by the cut-out. The present work investigates the effects of a stress concentration on the fibre-bridging stress and the stress intensity factor of a bridged crack in fibre-metal laminates. A number of cracked configurations are analyzed and the FML, ARALL2, is considered. The bridging stresses on the crack flanks are modeled in the 2-D analysis using power-law expressions and with the mechanical properties of the laminate homogenized through the thickness. An iterative scheme is employed to solve for the bridging stresses as they are not known a priori. Three dimensional finite element method (FEM) analyses are also carried out to confirm the validity of the 2-D BEM models. FML's with circular cut-outs will contain high bridging stresses near the cut-out resulting in fibre failure there, causing a reduction of the extent of fibre bridging of the crack. Results of the study show a likelihood of fibre failure near the edge of the cut-out and this could lead to a reduction of the bridging length. Comparison of the BEM with the FEM stress intensity factors for the range of problems analyzed reveals that the percentage difference is generally less than about 6%, except for a few cases when the power-law index of 0.5 is assumed. The BEM results indicate an increasing bridging stress and stress intensity factor with decreasing bridging length and the benefits of the fibre bridging of the crack are clearly demonstrated. This numerical study confirms that the 2-D BEM models employed can indeed be used to provide a quick and reasonable estimate of the stress intensity factor for a bridged crack in a FML with a circular cut-out.
Solution of Nonlinear Polarization Boundary Conditions
Authors: Chisholm E. , Gray L.J. , Giles G.E.
Published: February 2016

An efficient algorithm for solving multiple reaction electrochemical polarization equations is presented. The boundary integral formulation for the electric field (Laplace equation) conveniently provides a direct relationship between potential and current at the electrode surfaces, which can then be coupled to the nonlinear polarization boundary conditions. As a consequence, a successful Gauss-Seidel type iteration, incorporating a nonlinear solve at each step, can be developed. Results are presented for the modeling multiple chemical reactions in an electrospray emitter tube.
Differential geometry management of higher order 2D boundary elements
Authors: Ferreira L.E.T.
Published: February 2016

This paper addresses the use of higher order elements in boundary element analysis concerning accuracy and implementation techniques. It is shown that the generation of values of higher order shape functions for elements of any order, as well as for their derivatives, can be accomplished in a simple way through the use of Lagrange polynomials, avoiding the difficulties regarding the explicit deduction and coding of the equations. To this end, an effective computational scheme is given and the generalization of the intrinsic space is discussed within two-dimensional stress analysis. Finally, numerical experiments with slender components subjected to bending are carried out for studies on convergence. The results obtained showed that the appropriate order of the element to be used may depends directly on the nature of the problem being analyzed.
Regularization of the Divergent Integrals. I. General Consideration.
Authors: Zozulya Vladimir
Published: February 2016

This article considers weakly singular, singular and hypersingular integrals, which arise when the boundary integral equation (BIE) methods are used to solve problems in science and engineering. For their regularization, an approach based on the theory of distribution and application of the Green theorem has been used. The expressions, which allow an easy calculation of the weakly singular, singular and hypersingular integrals, have been constructed. Such approach may be easily generalized and applied to the calculation of multidimensional integrals with singularities of various types.
The condition number of the BEM-matrix arising from Laplace's equation
Authors: Dijkstra W. , Mattheij R.M.M.
Published: February 2016

We investigate the condition number of the matrices that appear in the boundary element method. In particular we consider the Laplace equation with mixed boundary conditions. For Dirichlet boundary conditions, the condition number of the system matrix increases linearly with the number of boundary elements. We extend the research and search for a relation between the condition number and the number of elements in the case of mixed boundary conditions. In the case of a circular domain, we derive an estimate for the condition number of the system matrix. This matrix consists of two blocks, each block originating from a well-conditioned matrix. We show that the block matrix is also well-conditioned.
Direct evaluation of hypersingular Galerkin surface integrals II
Authors: Gray Leonard J. , Salvadori Alberto , Phan Anh-Vu , Mantic Vladislav
Published: February 2016

Direct boundary limit algorithms for evaluating hypersingular Galerkin surface integrals have been successful in identifying and removing the divergent terms, leaving finite integrals to be evaluated. This paper is concerned with the numerical computation of these multi-dimensional integrals. The integrands contain a weakly singular logarithmic term that is difficult to evaluate directly using standard numerical techniques. Herein it is shown that analytic integration of these weakly singular terms can be accomlished by suitably re-ordering the parameter integrals. In addition to improved accuracy, this process also reduces the dimension of the numerical quadrature, and hence improves efficiency.
A Hypersingular Boundary Integral Equation for a Class of Problems Concerning Infiltration from Periodic Channels
Authors: Clements David L , Lobo Maria , Widana Nyoman
Published: February 2016

In this paper some two dimensional infiltration problems are considered. The problems involve infiltration from periodic irrigation channels into a soil which contains impermeable sheets of finite width. The problems are reduced to boundary integral equations which may be solved numerically using established procedures. Numerical results are obtained to provide the distribution of the matric flux potential for some particular combinations of impermeable sheets and a semi-circular channel. The results indicate how the length, number and the depth of impermeable layers influences the distribution of water in an irrigated area.
Green's Function Method for an Axisymmetric Void Between Parallel Walls
Authors: Chandekar Gautam Sudhir , Richardson Joseph D. , Melnikov Yuri A. , Pardue Sally J.
Published: February 2016

The Green's function for potential theory is developed for an axisymmetric void of arbitrary shape located between two parallel walls. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the accuracy in the Green's function formulation by comparison with numerical solutions obtained using a commercial finite element code. The present formulation is attractive since numerical implementation only involves unknowns on the surface of the void.
Hypersingular formulation for boundary stress evaluation revisited. Part 2: Corners.
Authors: Salvadori Alberto
Published: February 2016

This work focuses on the use of the hypersingular boundary integral equation
to evaluate the linear elastic stress tensor on the boundary. A companion
paper [1] has been devoted to smooth boundaries: in the present work, the
traction equation is analyzed at a corner, in the presence of a Lipschitz
boundary. Properties of the hypersingular and of the strongly singular operator
are discussed together with properties of the whole linear elastic integral
operator.
The Regularization of the Divergent Integrals in 2-D Elastostatics
Authors: Zozulya V. V.
Published: February 2016

This article considers weakly singular, singular and hypersingular integrals, which arise when the boundary integral equation (BIE) methods are used to solve problems in 2-D elastostatics. For their regularization, an approach based on the theory of distribution and application of the Green’s theorem has been used. The expressions, which allow an easy calculation of the weakly singular, singular and hypersingular integrals for straight and curved boundary elements, have been constructed.
Editors' introduction
Authors: Mickulas Peter , Golway Terry
Published: February 2016

Editors Mickulas and Golway welcome readers to the new version of New Jersey History and provide a synopsis of the issue's contents.
Reviews in New Jersey and Regional History
Authors: Fea John , Golway Terry , Israel Paul , Veit Richard , Shankman Andrew
Published: February 2016

John Fea reviews Riordan, Many Identities, One Nation: The Revolution and its Legacy in the Mid-Atlantic

Terry Golway reviews Quinn, The Irish in New Jersey: Four Centuries of American Life

Paul Israel reviews Koszarski,  Fort Lee: The Film Town

Richard Veit reviews Berkey, Early Architecture of Cape May County, New Jersey: The Heavy Timber Frame Legacy

Andrew Shankman reviews Fea, The Way of Improvement Leads Home: Philip Vickers Fithian and the Rural Enlightenment in Early America
On The Eagle’s Wings: Textiles, Trenton, and a First Taste of the Industrial Revolution
Authors: Hunter Richard W. , Sergejeff Nadine , Tvaryanas Damon
Published: February 2016

This paper relates the rise, fluctuating fortunes and eventual fall of the Eagle Factory, Trenton's first major textile manufacturing enterprise, located on the Assunpink Creek in the heart of New Jersey's capital city. Established in 1814 at the dawn of the American Industrial Revolution and controlled throughout by the Walns, a prominent Quaker merchant family of Philadelphia, the Eagle Factory began by producing yarns and hand-woven goods. Following the introduction of power looms in the 1820s the factory shifted into the mass production of a variety of machine-made fabrics, including plaids, checks, muslin, gingham, ticking and a number of more distinctive cloths. However, this strictly family-run enterprise was never entirely successful, falling victim to broader global economic forces and regional competition, as well as several floods and fires. The plant closed altogether following a devastating fire in 1845. In tracing the checkered history of the Eagle Factory, liberal use is made of the letter book of Lewis Waln and the Waln family papers at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, as well as insurance records, newspaper advertisements and land records.
“When the Cat is Away the Mice Will Work”: Thomas Alva Edison and the Insomnia Squad
Authors: Jeffrey Thomas
Published: February 2016

Over the past one hundred years, the phrase ―Insomnia Squad‖ has evolved from an inside joke among a few of Thomas Edison‘s laboratory staffers into a term of popular culture, familiar even to school children. Yet very little has been written about the seven experimenters who constituted the task force that Edison assembled in September 1912, why the inventor chose these particular individuals to assist him, the nature of the problem with which he was grappling, or how it was ultimately resolved. Edison and his assistants worked night and day for five weeks with only a minimal amount of sleep, yet no adequate explanation has been offered as to why the inventor drove his men so hard. This article, based on the documents in the microfilm and digital editions of the Thomas A. Edison Papers, reveals that this period of intense activity coincided with a family crisis, as Edison‘s wife Mina rushed to Akron, Ohio, to tend to her dying mother, while her inventor husband raced to perfect the Diamond Disc record before he was called away to attend the funeral. With a million dollars worth of phonographs piled up in the warehouse and no records to sell along with them, Edison and his men pushed round the clock to work out the bugs in the manufacturing process and bring the Diamond Disc to market. Although seven experimenters assisted Edison, only six appear in the group photograph that was taken at the end of the marathon session. The identity of the seventh ―Insomniac‖ is revealed at the end of the article.
Transforming a Beauty Pageant: Mrs. America Contest in the Palisades Amusement Park and Asbury Park, NJ
Authors: Chung Nogin
Published: February 2016

The paper examines the history and transformation of the Mrs. America Pageant that was first initiated as a part of the Palisades Amusement Park attractions and later moved to Asbury Park, NJ. It looks at how the idea of model motherhood was enacted in the contest for married women which had begun as a beauty contest emulating the Miss America Pageant. The contest which transformed itself into a "home-making Olympics" after the Second World War testing contestants' skills of cooking, baking, sewing, and even changing diapers in addition to judging their physical appearance truly reflected the social ideal for American women in the Cold War period. The paper assesses how the contest helped to consolidate the notion of the perfect housewife, implying that beauty and home economics went together, and contributed to the professionalization of women's work at home.
"A True Servant of the Lord" : Nils Collin, the Church of Sweden, and the American Revolution in Gloucester County
Authors: Waldron Richard
Published: February 2016

The following is the text of a talk, “Nils Collin, the Church of Sweden, and the American Revolution in Southern New Jersey,” presented during the conference “Piety, Politics and Public Houses: Churches, Taverns and Revolution in New Jersey,” (complementing the exhibition "Caught in the Crossfire: New Jersey Churches and Taverns in the American Revolution"), New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, New Jersey, March 8, 2003.
Slavery in New Jersey: A Roundtable
Authors: Blanck Emily
Published: February 2016

Abstract: Slavery in New Jersey offers scholars a rich, untapped source for new scholarship about the meaning of freedom and liberty from the Founding Era to the Civil War. Kean University recently sponsored a panel discussion featuring three scholars and their research into the story of slavery in the Garden State. This opening essay offers a summation of the Kean panel’s findings, and offers encouragement to other scholars of slavery in the state.
John and Susan Kean And the Culture of Slavery in the New Nation
Authors: Mercantini Jonathan
Published: February 2016

Abstract: The correspondence of John and Susan Kean, opened only recently at Liberty Hall Museum / Kean University, offers a first-hand glimpse of slaveholding after the triumph of the American Revolution. The couple’s letters narrate a story of contradiction, complexity, and paradox.
Testing "Liberty" in New Jersey, 1775-1793: The Intersection of Slavery and Select Manumission Supreme Court Cases
Authors: Kozel Sue
Published: February 2016

Abstract: Through an examination of materials from the Historical Society of Pennsylvania collections (the Richard Waln Papers and the Pennsylvania Abolition Society Papers) and the New Jersey State Archives, the paper highlights select sample writs of habeas corpus and manumission cases before the New Jersey Supreme Court from 1775-1783. The stories narrated in these documents tells a story of freedom – and lack of freedom – in New Jersey during and after the American Revolution.
Janus-Faced: Post-Revolutionary Slavery In East and West Jersey, 1784-1804
Authors: Hack Timothy
Published: February 2016

Abstract: New Jersey was a state divided by slavery. After the Revolution, slavery continued its decline in West Jersey, home of the state’s most-fervent abolitionists. But slavery in East Jersey expanded in the years following independence. This paper examines divisions between east and west in the early Republic.
Us Against Them: How the Irish Ruled Jersey City
Authors: Fleming Thomas
Published: February 2016

Abstract: Historian and novelist Thomas Fleming grew up in Jersey City during the heyday of Mayor Frank Hague, and Fleming’s father, Teddy, was a close aide to Hague. In this talk presented at Drew University’s Casperson School of Graduate Studies in 2009, Fleming recalled the ethos of Jersey City’s Irish-dominated political organization. 
Book Review
Authors: Golway Terry
Published: February 2016

The Golden Age of Bicycle Racing in New Jersey. By Michael C. Gabriele. (Charleston, S.C.: The History Press, 2011), 126 pp., illustrations, bibliography, $19.99.

 
The Saga of Peter Still
Authors: Crew Spencer
Published: February 2016

The following is an expanded and footnoted version of the twenty-fourth annual Louis Faugères Bishop III lecture, held Monday, February 23, 2009 at the Alexander Library of Rutgers University in New Brunswick.
Book Reviews
Authors: Eggert Gerald G. , Stameshkin David M. , Ershkowitz Herbert
Published: February 2016

Gerald G. Eggert reviews Forging America: Ironworkers, Adventurers, and the Industrious Revolution by John Bezís-Selfa.

David M. Stameshkin reviews The Making of Princeton University: From Woodrow Wilson to the Present by James Axtell

Herbert Ershkowitz reviews Mysteries of My Father by Thomas Fleming
The Morality of Carelessness: The Montclair Typhoid Epidemic of 1894
Authors: Capriotti Dan
Published: February 2016

Abstract: As Montclair began to develop from a small town into a prosperous suburb in the late 19th Century, an outbreak of typhoid swept through the community, killing as many as fifty people. An investigation uncovered evidence of carelessness if not outright incompetence, but no officials were held accountable for the tragedy.
On dimensions of tangent cones in limit spaces with lower Ricci curvature bounds
Authors: Kapovitch Vitali , Li Nan
Published: February 2016

We show that if X is a limit of n-dimensional Riemannian manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded below and γ is a limit geodesic in X, then along the interior of γ same scale measure metric tangent cones

T

γ
⁢

(
t
)

⁢
X

{T_{\gamma(t)}X}

are Hölder continuous with respect to measured Gromov–Hausdorff topology and have the same dimension in the sense of Colding–Naber.
Tree Based Method for Aggregate Survival Data Modeling
Authors: Shimokawa Asanao , Narita Yoshitaka , Shibui Soichiro , Miyaoka Etsuo
Published: February 2016

In many scenarios, a patient in medical research is treated as a statistical unit. However, in some scenarios, we are interested in treating aggregate data as a statistical unit. In such situations, each set of aggregated data is considered to be a concept in a symbolic representation, and each concept has a hyperrectangle or multiple points in the variable space. To construct a tree-structured model from these aggregate survival data, we propose a new approach, where a datum can be included in several terminal nodes in a tree. By constructing a model under this condition, we expect to obtain a more flexible model while retaining the interpretive ease of a hierarchical structure. In this approach, the survival function of concepts that are partially included in a node is constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method, where the number of events and risks at each time point is replaced by the expectation value of the number of individual descriptions of concepts. We present an application of this proposed model using primary brain tumor patient data. As a result, we obtained a new interpretation of the data in comparison to the classical survival tree modeling methods.
Crystal structure of trans-diaqua-bis(3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-5-(pyridin-4-yl)1,2,4-triazol-1-ido-κ2
N,N′)-cobalt(II),C22H18CoN12O2
Authors: Liu Jing
Published: February 2016

C22H18CoN12O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.613(8) Å, b = 12.412(9) Å, c = 9.217(7) Å, b = 113.821(9)°, V = 1110.8(14) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0429, wR
ref
(F2) = 0.1435, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 1-((2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-2-phenoxyethan-1-one, C18H19NO3
Authors: Fu Ying , Wang Yun-Kai , Yang Fei , Ye Fei
Published: February 2016

C18H19NO3, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.9928(16) Å, b = 8.7582(18) Å, c = 11.692(2) Å, α = 97.00(3)°, β = 105.63(3)°, γ = 99.16(3)°, V = 766.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, F(000) = 316, R
gt
(F) = 0.0447, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1235, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of tetramethylammonium sulfanilate, C10H18N2O3S
Authors: Wang Peizhi , Zeng Huahui , Wu Xiangxiang
Published: February 2016

C10H18N2O3S, orthorhombic, Pna21, a = 12.5603(19) Å, b = 11.5744(17) Å, c = 8.9054(11) Å, V = 1294.6(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0406, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1007, S = 1.025, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 5-methoxy-4-methyl-2-(2-methylbenzyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, C12H15N3O2
Authors: Lei Chao , Shen-Tu Chao , Wu Hong-Ke , Liu Xing-Hai
Published: February 2016

C12H15N3O2, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 10.480(3) Å, b = 14.608(4) Å, c = 8.3398(17) Å, β = 106.753(18)°, V = 1222.6(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0700, wR
ref(F2
) = 0.1896, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2-(bis(methylthio)methylene)-1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione, C13H14O2S2
Authors: Mabkhot Yahia N. , Barakat Assem , Al-Showiman Salim S. , Soliman Saied M. , Frey Wolfgang , Ghabbour Hazem A.
Published: February 2016

C13H14O2S2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2) a = 8.0970(9) Å, b = 8.8152(10) Å, c = 9.8217(10) Å, α = 76.269(5)°, β = 69.539(4)°, γ = 82.065(5)°, ϛ = 636.87(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.028, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.073, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-styryl-1-ferrocenylsulfonyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, C24H19FeN3O2S
Authors: Wang Lu-Yao , Guo Xiao-Long , Li Lu
Published: February 2016

C24H19FeN3O2S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.6762(9) Å, b = 12.4684(12) Å, c = 19.256(2) Å, β = 97.496(6)°, V = 2065.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0302, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0794, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of monocarbonyl(N-nitroso-N-oxido-phenylamine-κ2
O,O′)(triphenylarsine-κAs)rhodium(I), C25H20AsN2O3Rh
Authors: Drost Ruben M. , Koen Renier , Roodt Andreas , Venter Johan A.
Published: February 2016

C25H20AsN2O3Rh, triclinic, P-1 (no. 1), a = 9.2781(15) Å, b = 10.1405(15) Å, c = 13.303(2) Å, α = 99.789(5)°, β = 107.971(5)°, γ = 94.089(5)°, V = 1162.9(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0578, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1833, T = 100(2) K.
The crystal structure of 2-chloro-1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3,2λ3,4-diazaphosphasiletidine
Authors: Breuers Verena , Frank Walter
Published: February 2016

C20H28ClN2PSi, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 16.811(3) Å, b = 14.357(3) Å, c = 17.523(3) Å, V = 4229.3(14) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0429, wR
ref(F2
) = 0.1233, T = 123(2) K.
Crystal structure of 1,1′-diformyl-4,4′-(6H,12H-5,11-methano-dibenzo[b,f][11,5]diazocine-2,8-diyl)dibenzene, C29H22N2O2
Authors: Qiu Feng , Wan Yu , Huang Shu-ying , Zhou Qiu-ju , Cui Hao , Chu Yan-huan , Zhou Sheng-Liang , Han Xiang-en , Wu Hui
Published: February 2016

C29H22N2O2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 22.4995(6) Å, b = 9.9370(3) Å, c = 21.6466(6) Å, β = 115.941(1)°, V = 4352.1(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0487, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1473, T = 296 K.
Anthropological-semiotics of rhythm and animating modernity in China: A rhythmanalysis of Princess Iron Fan
Authors: Kim Minhyoung , Kim Sung-do
Published: February 2016

This article explores the contribution made by anthropological-semiotics of rhythm when it comes to comprehending visual modernity of East Asia, with a particular focus on China’s experience. From the humanistic foundations of rhythm including cultural anthropological perspectives, traditions of rhythmanalysis, and semiotic thinking of rhythm, this paper demonstrates the construction of a semiotic square of rhythm along with a topology of rhythmia; then provides a case study of rhythmanalysis surrounding the emergence of the first Chinese feature animated film entitledPrincess Iron Fan; and ultimately presents the potential of establishing the multiplicity of modernities based on the transdisciplinary examination of rhythm in visual cultures of East Asia.