bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La organización territorial del Protectorado español en Marruecos
Authors: Villanova José Luis
Published: July 2023

El Protectorado español en Marruecos estaba sostenido por una Alta Comisaria como máxima autoridad en la zona, que su vez se apoyaba en sendas delegaciones que impulsaban las políticas sectoriales. La administración marroquí por su parte se estructuraba entorno a un jalifa que se encargaba del gobierno y de la administración que llevaba a cabo por medio de la asistencia de un majzén central. A pesar de esta estructura la acción política requería de una organización territorial para el mantenimiento del orden y la presencia española. Sin embargo esta estructura basaba en el majzén y las  cabilas no tenían en cuenta las diferencias y la complejidad marroquí.AbstractThe Spanish protectorate in Morocco was based in a High Commision as the highest authority in the area, supported by diferent delegations that promoted the sectorial policies. The Moroccan authority structure was based on a khalifa who was in charge of the government and the administration with the assistance of a central Makhzen. The political action required a territorial organization to keep the Spanish presence. However, this structure based on the Makhzen and the kabyle administration did not take into account the differences and complexity of Morocco.
Hydrophobically modified pectates as novel functional polymers in food and non-food applications
Authors: Hromádková Zdenka , Malovíková Anna , Mozeš Štefan , Sroková Iva , Ebringerová Anna
Published: July 2023

Butyl and hexyl amides of pectate with various amidation degrees were prepared from citrus pectin by means of alkylamidation of methyl-esterified pectins, followed by the total alkaline pectin methyl esters hydrolysis. These water soluble derivatives were characterized chem-ically as well as by elementary analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. All prepared pectate amides exhibited the excellent emulsifying efficiency, and pectate hexyl amide also the ability to form stable foam. As the results of the study on the effect of pectin with DE 66% on the function of small intestine in pectin fed rats, the increase of specific activity of alkaline phosphatase, maltase, and aminopeptidase and the decrease of food utilization was demonstrated. The pectin derivatives might serve as emulsifiers and foaming additives in food production and other areas as well as nutraceuticals for obesity treatment.
Inference to the Best Explanation, Naturalism, and Theism
Authors: Park Seungbae
Published: July 2023

De Ray argues that relying on inference to the best explanation (IBE) requires the metaphysical belief that most phenomena have explanations. I object that instead the metaphysical belief requires the use of IBE. De Ray uses IBE himself to establish theism that God is the cause of the metaphysical belief, and thus he has the burden of establishing the metaphysical belief independently of using IBE. Naturalism that the world is the cause of the metaphysical belief is preferable to theism, contrary to what de Ray thinks.
What does Siberian Shamanism do for the Academic Study of Religion?
Authors: Nikanorova Liudmila
Published: July 2023

This article will problematize shamanism as an analytical category and challenge it through a critical reading of scholarship about the area that has attracted scholars and travelers in search of Siberian shamanism— Sakha Sire [Sakha: ‘Sakha Land’], currently known as the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. The term ‘shaman’ entered European and then global imaginations and vocabularies through the writings of eighteenth-century travelers and missionaries. I argue that the term was initially reserved for Siberian practitioners to mark their assumed ethnic and civilizational differences. With the added -ism, shamanism became one of the imagined commonalities of people grouped by Eurocentric thinkers into “tribal,” “primitive,” and “aboriginal.” The translation and categorization of Sakha practitioners oiuun to shamans resulted not only in exotification and dehumanization of Sakha practitioners, but also in their imprisonment during the Soviet regime. As this article will argue, the study of Siberian shamanism tells us more about colonial scholarships on shamanism than about the practices and people who inhabit the imagined region of Siberia.
ĐA DẠNG LOÀI HỌ CÁ MÚ (SERRANIDAE) VÙNG BIỂN TỪ ĐÀ NẴNG ĐẾN BÌNH THUẬN
Authors: Quang Vo Van
Published: July 2023

Bài báo trình bày kết quả khảo sát trong năm 2014–2015 ở vùng biển ven bờ các tỉnh từ Đà Nẵng đến Bình Thuận, thành phần loài thuộc họ cá mú (Serranidae) khá đa dạng, đã xác định được 38 loài thuộc 7 giống. Tập hợp các công trình nhiều tác giả công bố trước đây với các chuyến khảo sát trên, vùng biển này có đến 58 loài và 11 giống thuộc họ cá mú (Serranidae); trong đó giống cá song Epinephelus có số lượng loài nhiều nhất với 35 loài; trong đó vùng biển Khánh Hòa có số loài cao nhất với 45 loài, kế đến Bình Thuận 29 loài,… Số loài cá mú ở vùng biển ven bờ các tỉnh từ Đà Nẵng đến Bình Thuận bằng 80,6% so với ở vùng biển Việt Nam (72 loài) và bằng 46% số lượng loài thuộc họ cá mú ở Biển Đông (126 loài). Số lượng loài cá mú từ Đà Nẵng đến Bình Thuận cao hơn trong các rạn san hô Việt Nam, ven bờ Bắc Trung Bộ. Mức độ tương đồng của thành phần loài cá mú ở vùng biển các tỉnh/thành phố từ Đà Nẵng đến Bình Thuận có mức tương đồng khá cao với 6 khu vực gồm vùng biển Andaman (bờ tây, miền nam Thái Lan), vùng rạn san hô Việt Nam, vùng rạn san hô Trường Sa, Quảng Ninh đến Thừa Thiên Huế, Hồng Kông và Đài Loan. Trong đó cao nhất bằng 71,2% với vùng biển Hồng Kông, 66% vùng biển Quảng Ninh đến Thừa Thiên-Huế, thấp nhấp là vùng rạn san hô Trường Sa (44,2%).
Hybrid SrMoO4@rGO electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in acid medium
Authors: Kunhiraman Aruna K , Rahees Puthalath Muhammad , Ajay Rakkesh R
Published: July 2023

This work examined strontium molybdate (SrMoO4) spindle particles decorated on reduced graphene oxide (SrMoO4@rGO) as hydrogen-evolving electrocatalysts in acid-water electrolytes. A facile solvothermal method was employed for the preparation of SrMoO4@rGO. The phase formation and presence of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were confirmed using X-ray diffraction, and the morphology was determined by transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of the developed material was studied using various voltammetric techniques in a three-electrode cell system in an acidic environment. A comparative study of HER activity among strontium molybdate, SrMoO4@rGO and 20 wt.% platinum (Pt)/carbon (C) was done. An increased rate of hydrogen evolution was observed for SrMoO4@rGO compared with that of freestanding strontium molybdate.
Review: Out of Mind: Mode, Mediation, and Cognition in Twenty-First-Century Narrative by Torsa Ghosal (2021)
Authors: Boyd Maggie Laurel
Published: July 2023

Review of Out of Mind: Mode, Mediation and Cognition in Twenty-First-Century Narrative (2021) by Torsa Ghosal.
Study on status, Zoonoses, Biowarfare, Economic and public health importance of anthrax: Review
Authors: Daniel Tamirat Welde Mariam
Published: July 2023

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Bacillus anthracis. It can affect humans and animals, especially grazing livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats. Anthrax spores are very resistant and can survive in the environment for a long time. People can get anthrax from direct contact with infected animals or animal products, or from inhaling or ingesting anthrax spores. There are four types of anthrax infection in humans: cutaneous, gastrointestinal, inhalation, and injection. Anthrax is also a potential bioterrorism agent, as it can be easily produced and dispersed as a powder or a liquid. Anthrax is still a neglected global health challenge that requires constant vigilance and collaboration among various stakeholders. As new technologies and strategies emerge, the current status and trends in the prophylaxis and management of anthrax disease need to be updated and evaluated regularly. The disease poses a significant public health and economic burden in the countries, especially in rural areas where livestock is the main source of livelihood. Since the disease is endemic to Ethiopia awareness of its status, economic, zoonoses, and public health significance must be addressed. Anthrax is a disease that requires constant vigilance and preparedness, as it poses a threat to both natural and deliberate outbreaks, enhancing surveillance, outbreak response, and diagnostics can help prevent and control anthrax cases in animals and humans, and reduce the social and economic consequences of this disease. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to review the status, zoonoses, biowarfare, and economic and public health importance of anthrax.
Kahramanmaraş ve Adana illerindeki saçlı meşe (Quercus cerris) ormanlarının koruya tahvil açısından değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Dr. Celal , YILDIZBAKAN Abdulkadir
Published: July 2023

Türkiye’nin önemli orman ağaçlarından olan meşe türleri yakacak odun üretimi amacıyla çok uzun yıllar baltalık olarak işletilmiştir. Ancak, baltalık işletmeciliği, ormanın çok yönlü fonksiyonlarının gerçekleştirilmesine elverişli olmadığı gibi zamanla uygulama alanlarında orman varlığının tahribine ve azalmasına neden olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu yüzden, sosyal ve ekonomik işlevini tamamlamış sürgünden gelen ve baltalık olarak işletilen uygun meşe türlerinin koru ormanlarına dönüştürülmesi önem arz eder. Bu çalışmada, Quercus cerris L.’in doğal ve yoğun yayılış gösterdiği Adana ve Kahramanmaraş Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü sınırlarındaki koru ve baltalık işletmelerinin durumu ortaya konularak koruya tahvil açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, 2013 yılında yetişme alanını temsil edecek şekilde örneklemeler 3 tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. Ortalama yaş, üst boy, bonitet endeksi, sıklık derecesi, boy ve göğüs yüksekliği çapının yanı sıra birim alandaki birey sayısı, hacim ve göğüs yüzeyine ilişkin veriler elde edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan, baltalıklarda inceleme ve gözlemlere dayalı bireylerin oluşum kaynağının (tohum ve sürgün) belirlenmesinin yanı sıra sürgün ve kütüklerin sağlık durumuna ilişkin bazı bilgiler de ortaya konulmuştur. Bu türün de dahil olduğu bazı meşe türü baltalıkları için hazırlanmış olan bazı hasılat tablolarından yararlanarak gelişimleri belirlenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, sahadan elde edilen hektardaki birey sayısı, göğüs yüzeyi ve asli meşcere hacim değerleri hasılat tablolarındaki değerlerden genel olarak yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, kolojik olarak uygun görülen Q.cerris ormanlarının koruya tahvil için elverişli olduğu söylenebilir.
Patient with recurrent neuralgic amyotrophy; right brachial plexitis and left posterior interosseous neuropathy
Authors: Özenç Betül , Işik Kübra , Tan Ersin , Odabaşi Zeki
Published: July 2023

Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA), also known as Parsonage-Turner syndrome or idiopathic brachial plexopathy, is a multifocal inflammatory neuropathy that usually affects the upper limbs. The classic picture is a patient with acute onset of asymmetric upper extremity symptoms, excruciating pain, rapid onset of multifocal paresis often involving winged scapula, and a monophasic course of the disease. We present an unusual case of recurrent NA characterized first by right brachial plexitis and then isolated left posterior interosseous nerve palsy.
Mutagenic Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) on Quantitative Traits in M1 Generation and the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Different Doses in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Vasanthrao Thalari , Sarma Debojit , Barua P.K. , Sharma K.K. , Kalita P. , Gogoi S.
Published: July 2023

Background: The investigation on “Mutation induction in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)’’ was carried out to study the mutagenic effects of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on quantitative traits in M1 generation and determine the effectiveness and efficiency of different doses of EMS. Methods: The two varieties of garden peas, Kashi Nandini and Kashi Uday, were subjected to mutagenic treatments with the EMS at 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40%. The M1 generation was raised in RBD with two replications during Rabi 2019-20. Plants from three concentrations, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20% EMS, were evaluated in M1 plant progenies (M2) during Rabi 2020-21. Result: Two varieties of garden pea exposed to EMS showed varied responses to different concentrations. The inhibitory effects were apparent in germination, survival and pollen sterility in both varieties. The mean performances in the M1 generation showed differential responses to different concentrations of EMS. Mutagenic effectiveness decreased with increased EMS concentrations. Mutagenic efficiency based on pollen sterility decreased and based on lethality increased with increased EMS concentrations. In subsequent generations of mutagenized populations, the plants with altered phenotypes might produce mutants with higher yields.
Ben Baker (2021). Reporte evaluativo de un manuscrito (hipotético) para un libro introductorio a la filosofía
Authors: Prieto Fredy
Published: July 2023

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Dark tourism: a bibliometric review of the past, present and future trends
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad Ashraf
Published: July 2023

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to critically review the knowledge structure of dark tourism. It is an emerging tourism attraction, but one that has received less attention in the literature. The fundamental difference between dark tourism and other forms of tourism is the deeply rooted association with death and mortality, which is considered a distinctive element of the tourist attraction. Despite the role that gloom tourism plays in the economic development of tourism, its function as an economic resource for the local community needs to be further explored and evaluated. With this in mind, this study conducts a science mapping based on a bibliometric analysis to uncover the knowledge structure of the phenomenon based on recognized publications in the field. Methodology/Design/Approach – Drawing from the opportunity of dark tourism, this paper analyzes the knowledge structure based on two bibliometric analyses to uncover the past, present and future trends in dark tourism. 592 journal publications were extracted and analyzed from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database. Findings – The results indicate that the clusters that emerged from the analyzes focus on the foundations of dark tourism, motivations for visiting dark sites, and specific interest in war/ battlefield tourism. This research shows that dark tourism benefits each segment of society in different ways by making it possible to experience the pain and suffering of the dead, the dark and agonizing events of past generations. Implications for theory and practice are discussed to further develop the field into a sustainable tourism segment. Originality of the research – This study provides the state-of-the-art knowledge structure analysis of the dark tourism phenomenon.
Impact of phytosterol addition on fermentation progress and volatile compounds synthesis during alcoholic fermentation in synthetic and natural grape musts
Authors: Casalta Erick , Sabatier Carla , Girardi-Piva Giovana , Dournes Gabriel , Roland Aurélie , Mouret Jean-Roch
Published: July 2023

Lipid nutrition is an important factor for yeast during alcoholic fermentation. Although recent research reports have revisited the role of sterols during alcoholic fermentation, our knowledge of lipids assimilation and volatile compound biogenesis remains partial. This study aimed to find out more about the impact of grape must phytosterol content on fermentative kinetics, nitrogen assimilation by yeast and fermentative aroma synthesis. To that end, experimental fermentations were performed in synthetic and Chardonnay musts supplemented with different phytosterol concentrations (0, 1, 3 and 5 mg/L). Sterols addition significantly increased the maximum CO2 production rate while reducing fermentation duration. This can be explained by higher nitrogen assimilation by yeast due to sterols, which leads to higher yeast growth and better viability at the end of the fermentation process. Regarding the aromatic profile, sterol addition also significantly increased acetate esters, ethyl esters, fusel alcohols and medium-chain fatty acids production. These new advances highlight the major role of phytosterols in fermentation control and wine aroma profile.
Quantitative 3-D CT Demonstrates Distal Row Pronation and Translation and Radiolunate Arthritis in the SNAC Wrist
Authors: Miyamura Satoshi , Shiode Ryoya , Lans Jonathan , Oka Kunihiro , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Okada Seiji , Murase Tsuyoshi , Chen Neal C.
Published: July 2023

Background:

In scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) wrist arthritis, we analyzed the 3-dimensional (3-D) deformity patterns of carpal alignment secondary to scaphoid nonunion and quantified subchondral arthritis by investigating alterations in bone density.

Methods:

We constructed 3-D models of the carpal bones and radius from 51 patients with scaphoid nonunion (nonunion group) and 50 healthy controls (control group). We quantified the differences in 3-D geometric position of the distal carpal row relative to the distal radius in SNAC wrists versus controls. In addition, we assessed the bone density of anatomic regions of interest in the radiocarpal and capitolunate joints relative to the pisiform bone density to characterize degenerative changes in SNAC wrists.

Results:

The distal carpal row pronated by a difference of 14° (7.2° versus −6.7°; p < 0.001), deviated ulnarly by a difference of 19° (7.7° versus −11.2°; p < 0.001), shifted dorsally by a difference of 17% of the dorsovolar width of the distal radius (21.0% versus 4.4%; p < 0.001), shifted radially by a difference of 8% of the radioulnar width of the distal radius (13.2% versus 5.3%; p < 0.001), and migrated proximally by a difference of 12% of the lunate height (96.3% versus 108.8%; p < 0.001) in the nonunion group compared with the control group. Additionally, it was found that bone density was greater at the capitolunate joint (capitate head: 140.4% versus 123.7%; p < 0.001; distal lunate: 159.9% versus 146.3%; p < 0.001), the radial styloid (157.0% versus 136.3%; p < 0.001), and the radiolunate joint (proximal lunate: 134.8% versus 122.7%; p < 0.001; lunate fossa: 158.6% versus 148.1%; p = 0.005) in the nonunion group compared with the control group.

Conclusions:

Scaphoid nonunion exhibited a unique deformity pattern and alteration in bone-density distributions. The distal carpal row not only shifted dorsally and migrated proximally but also pronated, deviated ulnarly, and shifted radially. Bone density was greater at the capitolunate joint, the radial styloid, and surprisingly, the radiolunate joint. Our findings give insight into the natural history and progression of arthritis of the SNAC wrist. Additionally, future studies may give insight into whether successful treatment of scaphoid nonunion arrests the progression of arthritis.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Improvement in Sleep Disturbance Following Anatomic and Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Vegas Austin , Garcia Jose R. , Glener Julie , Levy Jonathan C.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Sleep disturbance is commonly reported by patients with arthritis and rotator cuff disease. Small cohort studies have demonstrated sleep improvements following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). However, to our knowledge, no large cohort study has evaluated sleep improvement after shoulder arthroplasty. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of shoulder arthroplasty on sleep improvement, including the speed of sleep recovery, improvement plateaus, and any differences observed between TSA and RSA.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of our institution’s shoulder and elbow repository evaluated patients who had been managed with TSA and RSA between 2012 and 2021. Our analysis focused on visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores as well as specific sleep-related questions included in the Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) questionnaires. Preoperative characteristics were compared, and comparisons at the 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, and most recent follow-ups were performed to evaluate the efficacy of improvement, speed of recovery, improvement plateaus, and differences among implant types.

Results:

Our search identified 1,405 patients who were treated with shoulder arthroplasty, including 698 who underwent TSA and 707 who underwent RSA. Six hundred and seventy-six (97%) of those who underwent TSA and 670 (95%) of those who underwent RSA reported sleep disturbance prior to surgery and were eligible for inclusion. With the exclusion of 357 patients without complete follow-up, 989 patients (517 who underwent TSA and 472 who underwent RSA) met the inclusion criteria, with a median follow-up of 36 months for the TSA group and 25 months for the RSA group. Postoperatively, significant improvements in the ability to sleep comfortably and sleep on the affected side were observed in both the TSA group and the RSA group (p < 0.001). The ability to sleep comfortably returned faster than the ability to sleep on the affected side, with the ability to sleep comfortably reaching a plateau at 3 months and the ability to sleep on the affected side reaching a plateau at 6 months. Despite improvements in terms of sleep disturbance, at the time of most recent follow-up, 13.2% of patients in the TSA group and 16.0% of those in the RSA group could not sleep comfortably and 31.4% of those in the TSA group and 36.8% of those in the RSA group could not sleep on the operative side.

Conclusions:

The results of the study demonstrated that both TSA and RSA provide significant and rapid improvement in patients’ ability to sleep comfortably and, to a lesser extent, improves their ability to sleep on their affected side.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
LPAR3 and Col8A1, as matrix stiffness-related biomarkers, promote nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis by triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis
Authors: You Bo , yi lu , Xie Haijing , Huang Li , Zhang Kaiwen , Pan Si , Yin Haimeng , You Yiwen
Published: July 2023

Matrix stiffness affects the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. It has been demonstrated that the stiffness of collagen fibers deposited in NPC and adjacent tissues differs. Here, we performed RNA-seq analysis of NPC cells cultured on polyacrylamide (PA) hydrogel systems and found that LPAR3 and Col8A1 are potential matrix stiffness markers. Besides analyzing cells in vitro, a nude mouse model of tumorigenesis with NPC cells expressing low levels of LPAR3 and Col8A1 showed a reduction in tumorigenesis. We found that matrix stiffness triggers the formation of EMT by increasing the expression of LPAR3 in NPC, which is related to metastasis. In addition, matrix stiffness promotes the expression of Col8A1 secreted by NPC and is related to tumor angiogenesis. Simultaneous inhibition of LPAR3 and Col8A1 genes significantly reduced NPC invasion and metastasis. Based on our investigation, there is no doubt that matrix stiffness governs the progression of NPC, and that LPAR3 and Col8A1 can be used as matrix stiffness-related biomarkers to promote NPC metastasis through the induction of EMT and angiogenesis. Overall, the in-depth exploration of matrix stiffness may provide a strategy for clinical treatment intervention and provide promising targets for clinical NPC treatment.
Involvement of the systemic microcirculation in pediatric uveitis
Authors: Kouwenberg Carlyn Violette , Spierings Julia , de Groot Evianne L. , de Boer Joke H. , Ayuso Viera Kalinina
Published: July 2023

Background
Pediatric uveitis is a severe inflammatory ocular condition that can lead to sight-threatening complications and can negatively impact quality of life. The retinal microcirculation is often affected in intermediate uveitis and panuveitis. Here, we examined the extraocular (i.e., systemic) microcirculation in pediatric uveitis cases and healthy controls using nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC).
Methods
We performed NFC in 119 children with noninfectious uveitis and 25 healthy pediatric controls, and assessed the following parameters: capillary density (number of capillaries/mm), dilated capillaries (apex >20 µm), avascular area, the presence of microhemorrhages, and capillary morphology. Differences in NFC parameters between cases and controls were calculated using regression analysis after adjusting for age and sex.
Results
The mean (±SD) age of the patient group was 13.7 (±3) years, with 56% females; 46%, 18%, and 36% of cases presented as anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, and panuveitis, respectively, with an overall mean disease duration of 4.7 (±4.0) years. Compared to the control group, the pediatric uveitis cases had a significantly higher number of dilated capillaries/mm and a higher prevalence of ramified capillaries. Moreover, compared to the control group the intermediate uveitis cases had a significantly higher number of dilated capillaries, whereas the anterior uveitis cases had a lower capillary density and a higher prevalence of ramified capillaries.
Conclusions
Children with uveitis without systemic disease can present with changes in systemic microcirculation. These changes vary amongst the subtypes of uveitis.
An Underwater Target Enhancement Method for Three-Dimensional Sonar Images Based on Time Accumulation
Authors: Zeng Teng , Wang Peng , Huang Haining
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional sonar (3DS) can get the image of the entire scene by emitting sound signal once time. However, the image quality is poor manifested as sparse and missing of target surface points, owing to complex underwater environment and hardware limitation of sonar. To obtain dense and complete object structure, we propose a target enhancement method based on time-accumulation. This method includes two crucial steps: 1) Space mapping and registration. The operation convert the 3DS images from polar coordinate system to the Cartesian coordinate system, which can acquire object point cloud. Then the spatial deviation between image frames as well as relative motion between sonar and object would be corrected. 2) Point data fusion. The operation can covering different dynamic environment, time, and target morphology by fusing at the data level, thus going the result of enhancement. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed enhancement method can effectively enhance the object result, improve the quality and understandability of the 3DS image.
Chaperonin containing TCP-1 subunit genes are potential prognostic biomarkers and correlate with Th2 cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Du Ruijuan , Zhou Zijun , Huang Yunlong , Li Kai , Guo KeLei , Han Li , Bian Hua
Published: July 2023

Background
Chaperonin containing TCP-1 (T-complex protein 1) subunit genes (CCTs) is a family of molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of multiple proteins. However, there is no comprehensive analysis of CCTs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Methods
UALCAN, The Human Protein Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to evaluate CCTs mRNA expression. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure CCTs protein expression. CCTs mutation was detected through cBioPortal and promoter methylation was measured by UALCAN database. Prognostic value of CCTs was evaluated using PrognoScan analysis. GEPIA2.0 was to measure the prognostic value of CCTs and CCTs related Hub genes. Correlation analysis between the expression of CCTs was based on GEPIA2.0. The ROC curves, clinical correlation analysis, Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) analysis and immune cells infiltration analysis were from TCGA and then analyzed and visualized using R language. The STRING was used for protein-protein interaction analysis.
Results
CCTs expression increased in LUAD and upregulated CCTs levels predicted advanced diseases and poor prognosis in LUAD patients. ROC curves analysis indicated the possibility of CCTs serving as diagnostic indicators. Functional enrichment analysis showed that CCTs were involved in mitosis mediated cell cycle process. We also identified ten hub genes correlated with CCTs which were related with LUAD prognosis and tumor progression. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed CCTs expression in tumor tissues tend to be related with Th2 cell infiltration.
Conclusions
Our findings revealed that CCTs may serve as valuable biomarkers for LUAD diagnosis and targeted therapy.
Artificial Intelligence Reveals Distinct Prognostic Subgroups of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer on Histology Images
Authors: Eminaga Okyaz , Leyh-Bannurah Sami-Ramzi , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Krabbe Laura , Lau Hubert , Xing Lei , Abbas Mahmoud
Published: July 2023

Muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a highly heterogeneous and costly disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding tumor histopathology leads to tailored therapies and improved outcomes. In this study, we employed weakly supervised learning and neural architecture search to develop a data-driven scoring system. This system aimed to capture prognostic histopathological patterns observed in H&E-stained whole slide images. We constructed and externally validated our scoring system using multi-institutional datasets with 653 whole-slide images. Additionally, we performed survival analyses and explored the association between our scoring system and seven histopathological features, as well as 126 molecular signatures. Through our analysis, we identified two distinct risk groups with varying prognoses, reflecting inherent differences in histopathological and molecular subtypes. The hazard ratio for overall mortality was 1.46 (95% CI 1.05-2.02; z: 2.23; p=0.03). Furthermore, we observed an association between our novel digital biomarker and the squamous phenotype, subtypes of miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA hypomethylation, as well as several gene mutations including FGFR3 in MIBC. Our findings underscore the risk of confounding bias when reducing the complex biological and clinical behavior of tumors to a single mutation. Histopathological changes can only be fully captured through the use of comprehensive multi-omics profiles. The introduction of our scoring system has the potential to enhance daily clinical decision-making for MIBC. It facilitates shared decision-making by offering comprehensive and precise risk stratification, treatment planning, and cost-effective preselection for expensive molecular characterization.
Third-generation Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody (Trab) Assay for Predicting Neonatal Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women With Graves’ Disease
Authors: Priyanka Raghavendran , Srid Subbiah , Sumathi Baskaran , Ashokraja Jeyaraj , Vasanthiy Natarajan , Subbiah Eagappan , Raghavan Kasthuri Santharam , Sangumani Jayaraman
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE:The aim is to validate the third generation Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) assay for predicting neonatal thyroid dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with Graves’ disease.METHODS:This prospective cohort study was conducted in TRAB positive pregnant women with Graves’ disease and their off springs. The primary outcome was to assess different forms of neonatal thyroid dysfunction in relation to maternal and neonatal TRAB levels. The secondary outcome was to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes by using maternal TRAB levels. Serum T3, FT4, TSH, TRAB levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.RESULTS:51 pregnant women were included. Five women had adverse pregnancy outcomes, TRAB levels of > 19.06 IU/L (10.9 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)) predicted adverse pregnancy outcomes with 100% sensitivity and 93.5 % specificity. Among the 46 successful live births, 13 (28.3%) had neonatal thyroid dysfunction. Out of 13 neonates, 7 (32%) had neonatal thyrotoxicosis, 4 (18%) had primary hypothyroidism, 2 (9%) had central hypothyroidism. Third trimester maternal TRAB levels of > 7.99 IU/L (4.6 times the ULN)and day three neonatal TRAB levels of >5.03 IU/L (2.9 times the ULN), predicted the neonatal thyrotoxicosis with 100% sensitivity and 97.4% specificity.CONCLUSION:Very high maternal third generation TRAB levels strongly predicted the adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women with Graves’ disease. Neonatal thyroid function test along with the TRAB levels strongly correlated with different forms of neonatal thyroid dysfunction and is very useful in avoiding inadvertent treatment to neonates.
The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Iron Metabolism in Beta Thassemia Major Patients
Authors: Sarkaya Nihan Cansel , Kurtoğlu Ayşegül Uğur , Göçer Mesut
Published: July 2023

Studies on HIF2α, hepcidin, and ferroportin molecules in beta thalassemia majör (β-TM) patients show that there are disorders in these pathways. In recent years, studies conducted in patients with iron deficiency anemia have investigated the relationship between ghrelin hormone and iron metabolism. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of this disease by examining the changes in ghrelin hormone levels in patients with β-TM. 52 β-TM and 23 controls were included in our study. Cell blood counts, biochemical parameters, HIF2α, hepcidin and ghrelin levels were studied from blood samples taken from the volunteers. Serum HIF2α, hepcidin and ghrelin levels were measured by ELISA method. Erythrocyte indexs, serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity and ferritin levels showed significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in serum HIF2α and hepcidin levels. When the patient group and healthy controls were compared, serum ghrelin levels were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between serum ghrelin and ferritin levels in the patient group (r = 0.401) (p < 0.05). It suggested that high ghrelin levels may have an important role in the regulation of impaired iron metabolism in patients with β-TM. The positive correlation between serum ghrelin levels and ferritin suggested that serum iron may have an important role in ghrelin synthesis, and that increased ghrelin levels may be a factor that increases ferritin synthesis.
Profiling with Trust: System Monitoring from Trusted Execution Environments
Authors: Eichler Christian , Röckl Jonas , Jung Benedikt , Schlenk Ralph , Müller Tilo , Hönig Timo
Published: July 2023

Large-scale attacks on IoT and edge computing devices pose a significant threat. As a prominent example, Mirai is an IoT botnet with 600,000 infected devices around the globe, capable of conducting effective and targeted DDoS attacks on (critical) infrastructure. Driven by the substantial impacts of attacks, manufacturers and system integrators propose Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) that have gained significant importance recently. TEEs offer an execution environment to run small portions of code isolated from the rest of the system, even if the operating system is compromised. In this publication, we examine TEEs in the context of system monitoring and introduce the Trusted Monitor (TM), a novel anomaly detection system that runs within a TEE. The TM continuously profiles the system using hardware performance counters and utilizes an application-specific machine-learning model for anomaly detection. In our evaluation, we demonstrate that the TM accurately classifies 86% of 183 tested workloads, with an overhead of less than 2%. Notably, we show that a real-world kernel-level rootkit has observable effects on performance counters, allowing the TM to detect it. Major parts of the TM are implemented in the Rust programming language, eliminating common security-critical programming errors.
Exploring Different Participant-EvaluatorCommunication Methods in VR User Studies
Authors: Ganias Giorgos , Katifori Akrivi , Lougiakis Christos , Roussou Maria , Ioannidis Yannis , Ioannidis Ioannis Panagiotis
Published: July 2023

Recent studies in Virtual Reality highlighted the importance of avoiding Breaks inPresence that occur when experiment participants alternate between the virtualand physical environment to fill in questionnaires or interact with the evaluator.In this paper, we report on a within-groups experiment comparing threemeans of communication between the evaluator and the immersed participantsin user studies in VR: Voice-Speaker, Video-Screen, and a 3D-Avatar. Immersedparticipants (N=38) completed three sets of tasks and were observed and theninterviewed through these three methods successively. Our findings reveal nosignificant difference in user performance between the methods. There were, however,significant differences in how they were perceived by the participants, withVideo-Screen, considered the most effective communication method. In contrast,the 3D-Avatar was the most “fun” and the users’ “favorite”, along with the Video-Screen. The Voice-Speaker was thought to be the least distracting yet impersonal,and least favorite.
Structural characteristics of Niaouli forests, biodiversity, and ethnobotanical importance of the valuable species
Authors: GANGLO Isis Togbédji , KOURA Kourouma , KIKI Edmond , HOUNSA Michael , KINGBO Armand , AOUDJI Augustin K. N. , GANGLO Jean Cossi
Published: July 2023

In Benin, forest resources are limited and are in the grip of alarming degradation. In southern Benin, the Niaouli forests (6°40' to 6°45' North Lat. and 2°05' to 2°10' East Long.) require special attention given their state of degradation leading to loss of biodiversity. In order to contribute to the sustainable management of the forests, our investigations focused on the characterization of the structure, floristic diversity, and forms of use of the valuable species. The data was collected by systematic sampling with rectangular meshes of 100 m × 200 m in square plots of one (01) ha each. In total, seven (07) plots were installed for the determination of dendrometric and biodiversity parameters. The regeneration of the species was counted in quadrats of 100 m² installed on a diagonal of each plot. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out within local populations, on a sample of 188 people made of heads of peasant households or their representatives, carpenters, traditional healers, and loggers in order to identify valuable species and appraise their ethnobotanical importance. Four valuable species were identified. They were Albizia zygia, Antiaris toxicaria, Ceiba pentandra, and Newbouldia laevis. The diversity parameters showed that the forests of Niaouli are characterized by a low floristic diversity in comparison with the forest ecosystems of southern Benin. The main valuable species of the Niaouli forests were experiencing a regeneration problem likely to hinder their sustainability and sustainable use. Albizia zygia, Antiaris toxicaria, and Ceiba pentandra are used more in the form of wood respectively by 85%, 50%, and 75% of respondents. Newbouldia laevis is used more in the form of an infusion by 33%, fodder by 21%, and wood by 21% of respondents. Respondents cited 58 diseases treated with species from the Niaouli forests. Considering the results obtained, regular reforestation and the introduction of new adapted species must be carried out to increase the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the forests.
Basic economics on deficit irrigation and water quality dynamics for horticulture production in a greenhouse environment
Authors: Chand Jeet Bahadur , Hewa Guna , Hassanli Ali , Myers Baden
Published: July 2023

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of varying deficit irrigation level and water quality scenarios on economic responses of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Izmir) produced in a greenhouse environment. Groundwater, recycled wastewater and a blend of both were selected as water qualities. Four irrigation scenarios were maintained including soil moisture at 60%, 70%, 80% and 100% of field capacity. The treatment maintaining soil moisture at 100% field capacity was control in this study for each water quality. The selected irrigation method and the soil texture were the drip and loamy sand respectively. The effects of deficit irrigation and water quality on the benefit-cost ratio, revenue generated per m3 of water usage, cost function and net financial return were examined. Benefit-cost ratio was a maximum of 1.37 for the control treatment of recycled wastewater. All the selected deficit irrigation treatments produced the benefit-cost ratio more than one except 60% field capacity level. Revenue generation per m3 of water usage was found the highest in treatments maintaining soil moisture content at 80% field capacity despite of water quality. Based on the benefit-cost ratio, cost function and revenue generated per cubic meter of water use, this study recommended the deficit irrigation level at 80% field capacity as the most cost-effective and water efficient strategy for greenhouse grown tomatoes.
Sustainable agricultural practices to improve soil quality and productivity of soybean and upland rice
Authors: Silva Mariana Aguiar , Nascente Adriano Stephan , Filippi Marta Cristina Corsi de , Frasca Laylla Luanna de Mello , Rezende Cássia Cristina
Published: July 2023

Combining cover crops with multifunctional microorganisms provides significant increments in the grain productivity of soybean and upland rice crops. However, there are still few studies that aimed to evaluate the effect of this combination on the productivity of agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the mix of cover crops and the co-inoculation of multifunctional rhizobacteria on the quality of the soil, yield components, and on the grain yield of soybean and upland rice. The experimental design was in random blocks with 24 treatments in a 6x2x2 factorial scheme. Treatments were the combination of 6 (5 mix of cover crops (mixture of seeds of different cover crops species) and the control (fallow), 2 (upland rice and soybeans), 2 (co-inoculated (inoculation with two microorganisms) or not (no microorganisms), with four replications. Combination of cover crops provided an increase in Ca and Mn levels in the soil, increased activity of soil quality indicator enzymes (phosphatase and arylsulfatase), higher soybean yield, and higher number of upland rice panicles. The co-inoculation with multifunctional rhizobacteria led to an increase in phosphorus levels in the soil, the number of pods per plant, the mass of 100 grains for soybean cultivation, the number of grains per panicle, and productivity of upland rice. Therefore, a mix of cover crops, combined with the co-inoculation with multifunctional rhizobacteria are sustainable agricultural practices that can contribute to the improvement of soil quality and the increase of the productivity of soybean and upland rice crops
Effect of the organic matter from crop residues on the structuration of an Oxisol, at semi-arid region
Authors: Pereira Elioneide Jandira de Sales , Diniz Marineide Jussara , Pereira Joaquim Odilon , Bandeira Priscila Pascali da Costa , Costa Ana Clara Carvalho , Silva Suedemio de Lima , Batista Rafael Oliveira , Linhares Paulo César Ferreira , Sousa Roberto Pequeno de , Rodrigues Walter Martins , Garcia Antonio Ronaldo Gomes , Cunha Rutilene Rodrigues da , Simão Kadidja Meyre Bessa
Published: July 2023

Crop residues can either be incorporated into the soil or left on the soil surface as a mulch producing soil organic matter in different quantities, having many potential benefits such as reducing soil compaction caused by passage of agricultural machines. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of crop residues such as maize and bean straw on the dynamic properties of a sandy soil incorporated in the laboratory condition. The experiment was carried out in laboratory. Air-dried maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp) straw with an average size of 35 mm were incorporated into the soil in proportions of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% in trays. Sample of each soil was collected to determine the organic matter after 120 days in wet conditions. An isolated design was carried out for each soil from maize and bean straw, consisting of two soil densities (1.2 and 1.4 g/cm3), 4 carbon contents and 4 water contents from tensions of 20, 40, 60 and 80 kPa (2x4x4) with 3 repetitions. The soil compression curves of the soil samples were determined adjusted in cylinders with 70 mm diameter and 24 mm in height using the oedometric test. The structural voids index as a function of applied pressure, as well as the soil compression index and pre-compression stresses as a function of water content and carbon content were evaluated using linear regression models with coefficient of determination at 95% confidence. The soil compression index showed a strong positive correlation with organic matter (carbon) derived from bean (r = 0.905) and maize straw (r = 0.787) at 95% confidence. The soil density was 1.2 g cm-3, which was explained by a simple linear regression model.
Biometrics and physiological parameters of sour passion fruit seedlings produced on organic substrates
Authors: Silva Luana Nascimento da , Lima Lucas Kennedy Silva , Santos Idália Souza dos , Sampaio Sidnara Ribeiro , Filho Mauricio Antônio Coelho , Jesus Onildo Nunes de
Published: July 2023

The organic fruit market has expanded considerably in recent years, but for the establishment of more productive organic orchards, several aspects need to be studied, starting with obtaining good quality seedlings. In this work, different formulations of organic substrates were evaluated to select the one that provides greater vigor to Passiflora edulis Sims seedlings. The study was conducted under anti-aphid screen conditions in two regions of Bahia (Recôncavo da Bahia, Chapada Diamantina), using a completely randomized design. The substrates were prepared using different proportions of coconut fiber, vermiculite, bovine manure and bokashi. At 60 days after sowing, germination vigor, gas exchange and growth parameters were evaluated. The data were submitted to principal component analysis and the groups formed were represented by box plots and compared by the Tukey test. Three groups were formed from PCA for the seedlings produced in both regions and the joint analysis, considering the two environments. In Chapada Diamantina, the seedlings produced in group 1, corresponding to 40% of the substrates tested, stood out for their root characteristics. In Recôncavo da Bahia, the seedlings showed low variation between the treatments G1C and G2C (80% substrates), compared to the G3C seedlings. The best performance was observed in the seedlings produced in Chapada Diamantina, but the use of coconut fiber and soil (CfSB), vermiculite and soil (SVB), both with 5% bokashi, produced excellent seedlings in both regions, so it is recommended for the organic production of P. edulis