bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interval Reactive Power Optimization for Distribution System with DGs
Authors: Chen Yong Jin , Su Jie He , Zhang Yong Jun , Yi Ying Qi
Published: August 2014

A reactive power optimization method based on interval arithmetic is presented to solve the uncertainty of the output of distributed generation (DG) and the effects of load fluctuation. The concept of interval number and interval arithmetic is introduced to model the interval power flow of distribution system, which is iterated by using the Krawczyk-Moore operator. The objective function is to minimize the interval midpoint value of system’s power loss, with taking the interval voltage constraints into consideration for the interval reactive power optimization model. A modified IEEE 14-bus system is used to validate the proposed model and its Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.
Modeling of Traction Power Supply System Based on the User-Defined Model of PSASP
Authors: Zhang Yong Wang , Meng Qing Liang , Pan Feng , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2014

Using the user-defined model (UDM) provided by the power system analysis software package ( PSASP), This paper constructs traction power supply system model. The correctness of interface between user-defined model and PSASP is verified by independent dynamic characteristic program. It offers a new way of available practical model applying to power system simulation and research on the influence of traction loads to power system.
Research of Off-Grid Household Photovoltaic Power System
Authors: Song Xu Ri , Wang Lei , Ying Xing , Bai Yang , Li Li
Published: August 2014

The electricity shortage can be effectively alleviated by developing household photovoltaic power system in vast rural areas, it is necessary to establish simulation models. In this paper, the dynamic modeling of household photovoltaic power system including photovoltaic,Cuk-chopper circuit,battery and a single phase PWM inverter have been made in the ElectroMagnetic Transient Program /Alternative Transient Program(EMTP/ATP) software package.Control strategy based on MPPT for the power control of the inverter have been also developed. Operation characteristic of household photovoltaic power system was developed. Simulation results proved the validity of the model.
The Optimal Configuration of Feeder Switches in DAS Based on Pareto Optimality Solution
Authors: Zhu Ge Lan , Ma Yi Ge
Published: August 2014

In urban radial networks, the feeder is often complex with a main line, branches and even sub-branches. It is necessary to optimize the configuration of automation switching devices in distribution automation system (DAS) to reduce the impact range of power outage and improve the power supply reliability. The interruption frequency and the space-time relationship among the switching devices were ignored in the most of researches. This paper presents a new reliability planning scheme of switching devices in DAS which involves three types of circuit breakers and three types of load switches. The model which target is to get the minimal cost, the lowest average annual interruption frequency and the least interruption duration is built thereby. The constraint is the availability rate of electricity supply of load node. Based on the Pareto optimality theory, the multi-objective differential evolution algorithm is adopted to solve the Pareto front efficiently. The proposed algorithm can provide many optional choices and the final scheme can be chosen based on the situation. Finally, a practical example is used to illustrate the developed scheme.
Analysis of Influence Factors and Rules of Transformer Neutral Point DC
Authors: Wang Xiao Mao , Xie Ying Geng , Zhou Yun , Xia Cheng Jun
Published: August 2014

When DC transmission system adopts monopole earth or bipolar imbalance operation mode, the DC grounding electrode will inject large amount of current into the earth, and then disturb the running of the power grid. In view of the influence which is created by DC transmission system in Guangdong power grid, this paper derived the mathematical expressions of the transformer neutral point current after creating a calculation model, and concluded the main influence factors; The subject applied the linear regressing analysis theory to calculate the regression equations of transformers so that the slope of the regressing equation can be used to estimate the influence scope of grounding DC. Finally it concludes that: transformer neutral point current and the power transmitted by DC system has positive correlation; For ±800kV DC Chu Sui, the transformers ,which is more than 80 km away from DC grounding electrode, will no longer be affected; The application of DC suppression devices will affect the neutral point current of the transformers nearby.
Study Experiment of Energy Harvesting System Based on Solar and Vibration
Authors: Ren Si Yuan , Song Can , Chen Ying Bo , Yu Guang Chen
Published: August 2014

According to the theory of solar energy and vibration energy harvesting, an energy harvesting system based on energy conversion scavenging technology has been designed to convert the solar energy and vibration energy into the electric power. Piezoelectric materials and the solar cells are used as core power conversion section, and the system also consists of the lithium battery charge chip, the rectifier, comparators and switch chips as the control segments, combined with the super capacitor, etc. The energy harvesting experiment shows that the lithium battery can be charged through solar and vibration by the solar and vibration energy harvesting system, and the charging chip adopted in this work has input voltage limited current mode which can fulfill intermittent charge smoothly.
Study on the Analysis Software of Economic Operation of Transformer
Authors: Li Lu Yi , Li Rong
Published: August 2014

Based on the object-oriented programming of MATLAB, we developed a software for visualization and manipulation to indicate whether the transformer works in the economic range. This software can show the curve of relationship between efficiency and load rate, automatically calculate the load range of the transformer to achieve the best efficiency according to the load. Based on the user supplied data, it can also calculate the operation efficiency of the transformer, and show in the graphic. This software has the advantages of efficiency, accuracy and visualization.
Vector Control of the BDFG for Ship Shaft Standalone Power Generation System
Authors: Long Fei , Liu Hong Da , Shen Nai Jun , Yin Jin Jun , Li Li Hong , Yu Hai Ning
Published: August 2014

The Ship Shaft Power Generation System (SSPGS) is widely used in large and medium-sized container ship, and the SSPGS based on brushless doubly-fed generator (BDFG) has the advantages of smaller capacity of the inverter, lower capital operational costs and higher reliability. The proposed vector control method is developed on the power-winding stator flux frame and can be used to control the power winding voltage amplitude and frequency on the standalone mode. The generator model and the control system are developed in Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the control strategy has good dynamic performance when the ship speed and load are changed.
Experimental Study of Coal Moisture Content Measurement System Based on Standing-Wave Ratio
Authors: Ren Si Yuan , Chen Ying Bo , Yu Guang Chen , Song Can
Published: August 2014

In this paper, a measurement system is designed to deal with the problem of measurement of the coal moisture content. Based on the measurement principle including standing-wave ratio and permittivity, develop the whole measurement system from the hardware and software aspects. The measurement system of coal moisture content based on standing-wave ratio has the advantages of less measuring time, higher accuracy and larger measurement range according to the results. And it can apply in the coal moisture content measurement in many industry fields.
Variation Characteristics of Geoelectric Field in Mid-to-Low Latitude Area during Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Liu Ping , Liu Chun Ming , Liu Lian Guang
Published: August 2014

Large geoelectric field generated in the ground during severe space weather events are sources of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), which flow in power systems potentially causing damage to system component or failure of the system. In this paper, based on the H and D components of the recent geomagnetic storm data measured at 10 mid-to-low latitude geomagnetic observatories, we analyzed the variation characteristics of the amplitude of north-south and east-west geoelectric components with geographic latitudes. Furthermore, we discussed the possibilities of GIC problem occurrence in transmission lines in different directions at different latitude in China. The result shows that transmission lines in east-west direction at higher latitude are more susceptible to space weather hazard. And it will contribute to the assessment of geomagnetic hazard to power systems and the control of GIC in the current and future power grids in China.
The Study on the Energy Saving of Wall Mounted Solar Capillary Low-Temperature Hot Water Radiant Heating System
Authors: Li Xue Jun , Luo Xiao Yan , Xu Chuan Qi , Wu Jin Shun , Pan Song , Zhang Zhuo
Published: August 2014

Through the comparative study of solar capillary low-temperature hot water radiant heating system with air source heat pump system has found that solar energy heat collecting efficiency has a great relationship with the collector temperature for the given system. To reduce the temperature of solar heat collector circulating water can greatly improve the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collector .With the increase of temperature of the water in the heat collector, heat collecting efficiency decrease rate changes linearly. Increasing water storage can improve the heat collecting efficiency, for this heat collecting system, the optimum collector temperature is 32 °C. In this study, COP reached 5 when the low temperature solar hot water capillary system mode is being used, and this result is nearly 5 times higher than that of the air source heat pump mode . Using the low temperature solar water heating capillary system, 27.35 kwh / (m2 ·heating season) of electricity can be saved compared with the amount of electricity consumed by air source heat pump. According to the price of current Beijing city , the estimated period of investment payback is 4.8 years .
Analysis and Design on Course Control for Sail-Assisted Ship
Authors: Yang Xing , Li Xiang Shun
Published: August 2014

Aiming at the problem that sail-assisted ship is easy to yaw because of sail’s lateral force and adjusts its course slowly due to wind, wave and other interferences on the sea, this paper put forward a feedforward feedback control method based on fuzzy system. According to the relationship between lateral force and yaw angle, a feedforward controller was designed to offset the yaw of ship. In order to correct the drift angle of ship automatically, the feedback controller was fulfilled to track the given course. Feedback control loop adopted fuzzy self-adjusting PD controller to make the drift angle be adjusted in time. The simulations indicate that the feedforward feedback control can suppress the disturbance produced by lateral force effectively, enhance the stability of the system and accelerate the response speed.
Parametric Study of Transmission Line Fitting Vibration Damper Based on Modal Analysis
Authors: Qian Jin Gui , Cheng Tai Hong , Wang Lin , Shen Yun De
Published: August 2014

This paper is related to the vibration analysis of transmission line fitting vibration damper (TLFVD) using commercial ANSYS program. According to the basic structure of the TLFVD, the three dimensional model with different parameters including diameter and length of strand is established. Through the modal analysis of the TLFVD using ANSYS WORKBENCH, the first four-order natural frequencies and mode shapes is obtained. Comparing the simulation data of vibration characteristics, the effects of model parameters on the natural frequency are summarized. Finally, the optimized model has been selected from various models established, and the resonant frequency of the TLFVD was verified by the harmonic response analysis. As a result, the optimized model structure of the TLFVD is presented.
Experimental Study on the Heat Exchanger Performance of Parabolic Trough Solar Water Heater
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Wei , Zuo De Gong
Published: August 2014

This paper introduces a new type of solar water heater——Parabolic trough solar water heater,the biggest feature of the solar water heater is that the parabolic trough reflector can reflect light onto the tube with reflective principles,which may lead to lots of advantages,such as more strong solar energy flux density,fewer losses,fewer tubes used.In a word,the cost is reduced while the performance is guaranteed.On this basis,we built a collector area of about 1.54 square meters of parabolic trough solar water heaters bench and made experiments to test.Instantaneous average efficiency and daily average efficiency of the water heater can be calculated.Efficiency curve can also be generated.Meanwhile we measured the heat loss coefficient of the water heater.The results showed that the daily average efficiency of the parabolic trough concentrating solar collector is between 30% and 50%,while at higher temperatures the collector showed its good insulation properties.
Analysis of Heat Transfer Process and the Finite Element Model of the 10kV Three-Core Pipe Cables
Authors: Su Rui Bo , Wang Peng , Liu Gang , Wang Peng Yu
Published: August 2014

This paper first describes a variety of heat transfer which exists in cable’s discharge pipe laying process, and analyzes the entire heat transfer process of 10kV three core cable in a two-dimensional interface qualitatively according to the heat transfer ways. Meanwhile, a finite element model of 10kV three-core cable’s discharged pipe-laying is established, and its temperature field equations and boundary condition equations has been discussed. Finally, we get the heat transfer process of the three core cable’s pipe-laying discharged and a finite element model which can be applied to simulated calculation.
Research on Dynamic Characteristics of 10kv Three-Core Cable Layers of Material Thermal Resistance
Authors: Li Wen Xiang , Su Rui Bo , Liu Gang , Wang Peng , Pan Zhen Ning
Published: August 2014

The paper focus on the influence of the deviation of material thermal resistance coefficient on the conductor temperature calculations, based on the three-core cable thermal circuit model. Meanwhile we also design a temperature rise test of the 10kv three-core cable in step current, measuring the temperature of the cable structure in different steady state. Then we calculate the thermal resistance of the cable body and the thermal resistance of the layer material , find the change law of the thermal resistance with the temperature and analyses the effect of the dynamic characteristic of the material thermal resistance on the conductor temperature calculations in the three-core cable thermal circuit model.
Study on the Steady State Thermal Circuit Model of 10kV Three-Core Cable Based on the Shape Factor Method
Authors: Li Wen Xiang , Su Rui Bo , Liu Gang , Wang Peng , Chen Yi Xuan
Published: August 2014

The core of the 10kV three-core cable is in the shape of a trefoil. Not all the radial direction of the actual heat transfer characteristics are the same. The finite element method serve as the three core cable temperature field research method in this text, in order to analyze the internal temperature distribution of three core cable, establish a steady state thermal circuit model in accordance with the characteristics of heat transfer from the cable conductor to the surface in the three-core cable , give the calculation of conductor temperature algorithm, and calculate the various parameters in the model.
Electric Field Analysis with Space Charge Effects of ±1000kV DC Wall Bushing
Authors: Sun Shu Min , Cheng Yan , Su Xin
Published: August 2014

±1000kV DC wall bushing is a complex insulation system working in different conditions, such as DC, AC and polarity reversal. No matter what kind of conditions, the space charge effects on the electric field distribution of the bushing are remarkable. A finite element model for ±1000kV DC wall bushing is established based on space charge theory, to analyze the electric field distribution in different conditions, especially when polarity reversal occurs. The research results provide useful references for the electric field analysis and insulation optimization of UHV (ultra high voltage) DC wall bushings.
The UHVDC Transmission Line Lightning Disturbance Identification Based on the Morphology
Authors: Cao Rui Rui , Yang Ju Rui
Published: August 2014

Research and identify overhead transmission lines’ transient characteristic which was caused by lightning stroke is significant to develop the protection and improving its reliability based on transient state. A complex signal can be resolved into several parts which have respective physical meanings by mathematical morphology’s multi-scale decomposition and this can reveal the local features of waves. Therefore, the transient current of ±800 kV UHVDC transmission lines, caused by the non-fault lightning stroke, fault lightning stroke and other line short circuit, can be decomposed by the multi-scale morphology decomposition to extract the spectral energy from the high and the low frequency bands, and the ratio of those two spectrum energy forms main criterion to realize the identification between lightening disturbance and the fault states. According to the ratio of the maximum of the current’s amplitudes of decomposition waveform of the first head of current’s second scale and sixth scale, to further distinguish the lightning stroke fault from the line short circuit. Extensive simulations show that the approach is correct and effective.
The FTIR Analysis of Field Aged Composite Insulators
Authors: Gao Zi Wei , Zhu Xue Cheng , Yang Sheng Jie , Nie Hong Yan
Published: August 2014

With the increasing of the amount of composite insulators in power network, the transmission accidents caused by the fault of composite insulators are increased and the aging of composite insulators should be paying more attention. In the paper, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to analysis the molecular structure of silicone rubber material of composite insulators. The results indicated that the higher the electric field of the insulator shed, the lower the peak of FTIR spectra. The heavier pollution the sample run, the lower the peak of FTIR spectra. So more attention should be pay to the samples which run in heavier pollution region or the high field part of the insulator.
Modeling and Simulation of Cascaded STATCOM Based on RTDS
Authors: Xia Cheng Jun , Yan Ji Xue , Chen Cui Qiong
Published: August 2014

In 2013, China Southern Power Grid (CSG) installed three ±200Mvar STATCOMs on the 500kV substations which are adjacent to the receiving ends of multiple HVDC lines. Based on the project of STATCOM test in CSG, the ±200Mvar cascaded STATCOM simulation model is established in the real-time digital simulator (RTDS) ,the aim is to study the modeling technology of H Bridge valve group by using small time-step and main control strategy .Amounts of tests has been done to verify the validity of the cascaded STATCOM model in different control modes. The RTDS STATCOM model also tested in the closed-loop CSG power network and the transient state response characteristics has been compared with real STATCOM control and protection devices for engineering prototype to verify the feasibility of the model. The constructed model has been successfully applied on the analysis of impacts on AC/DC paralleled CSG with STATCOM using RTDS.
MPPT Strategy of PV System Based on Adaptive Fuzzy Control
Authors: Yuan Jia , Wang Yu Jiang , Cui Jing Hong , Zheng Hui Li , Bin Liu , Shen Zhi Ping , Jiang Fei Fei
Published: August 2014

In order to use photovoltaic cell effectively and improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency, the maximum power point of photovoltaic generation system should be tracked rapidly and stably [1]. Taking into account the solar PV systems are often affected by external factors,it is difficult to determine system parameters, and has a strong non-linear,so this paper,a adaptive fuzzy logic control technology for STP0950S-36 type of independent photovoltaic systems to a adaptive fuzzy controller design method, and using MATLAB/SIMULINK,fuzzy logic toolbox for simulation tools such as maximum power point control,adaptive fuzzy control simulation results of MPPT with fixed step method compared to fixed-step method was found to reach steady there is a certain state after the fluctuation,The results show that the method can quickly and correctly track change of MPP in different light intensity and the system has excellent stability performance.
Research and Development of Multiple Protocol Compatible Device Managing System
Authors: Cao Chao , Li Tie Shuan , Wang Fei , Chen Quan
Published: August 2014

Various field bus protocols come up with the development of technology, each device manufactures are using their own way to managing assets in their assets function managing systems, the shortage of this self-enclosed solution is self-evident. Users are looking forward to more and more functions realized by filed device, thus the devices linked into field bus are getting more and more complicated. To echo this needs, FDT/DTM technology is used in process of developing device managing system. FDT technology is one truly liberal technology, users could easily transfer device data into useful information, beyond the influence of their filed bus protocol, device vendor, as well as the device type, to realize supporting various field bus in one system.
Design of Temperature Control System about Pakistan Antiseptic Machine Based on Fuzzy Theory
Authors: Yao Zheng Kun , Wu Tian Hu , Zhang Bao Zhen
Published: August 2014

In order to control the temperature of Antiseptic Machine, the temperature control method based on fuzzy theory is presented. A program of temperature control system based on fuzzy theory is designed.The program transmits the temperature signal which is got from DS18B20 to TA89S52 and then transmits the control signal to AD421. The purpose is to control the corresponding solenoid valve work so that the Pakistan antiseptic machine’s temperature can be controlled. The test result indicates that the structure of the control system is simple and effective. The proposed method can overcome the object’s pure time delay characteristic with fast response and small overshoot.
Study of Induction Heating Power Supply Based on 74HC4046
Authors: Cui Yan , He Xiao Jun , Lin Ze Ping , Chen Qing Bin , Yang Wei Hao , Wang Jun , Lin Yi Wen
Published: August 2014

According to the change of resistivity and magnetic permeability of iron load which will influence the resonance frequency in the process of induction heating, this paper presents a frequency tracking system based on the 74HC4046. It can control the output frequency of the power supply in real time, and make the power output frequency to trace the resonance frequency of load. This paper also analyses the phase compensation of the control system, and proposes a new way of phase compensation. The corresponding simulation experiment is done finally. It provides the theory basis to analyze and design an inverter power supply.
The FPGA Implementation of Single-Precision Floating-Point Adder
Authors: Liu Hai Ke , Kang Xin Gna , Wang Shun
Published: August 2014

A design of single precision floating point adder based on FPGA is presented,by analysing the form of real number formed on IEEE 754 and the storage format of IEEE 754 single-precision floating point,the addition arithmetic process which is easy to realized by using FPGA is put forward,the split of module based on the arithmetic process facilitates the realization of pipeline designing,so the single precision floating point adder introduce by this paper has powerful operation process ability.
Design Theory and Operating Principle of Temperature Control System about Pakistan Antiseptic Machine Based on Fuzzy Theory
Authors: Yao Zheng Kun , Zhang Bao Zhen , Wu Tian Hu
Published: August 2014

In order to control the temperature of Antiseptic Machine, the temperature control method based on fuzzy theory is presented. A program of temperature control system based on fuzzy theory is designed. The program transmits the temperature signal which is got from temperature sensor to single chip and then transmits the control signal to Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC). The purpose is to control the corresponding solenoid valve work so that the Pakistan antiseptic machine’s temperature can be controlled.
Research and Application of Disturbance Environment Simulation for Power Dispatching System Considering Electrical and Non-Electrical Data
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Yong Gang , Zhuang Wei Jin , Yu Fang
Published: August 2014

Nowadays, Power Dispatching System is not only facing disturbances caused by electrical data, but also facing disturbances caused by non-electrical data, such as working conditions and communication failures. Currently applied power system simulation software is either only facing monitoring personnel or only facing some application functions, without comprehensive consideration of the disturbance environment brought by the Power Dispatching System itself. This disturbance may reduce the reliability of Power Dispatching System, and even have a great impact on its reliable operation. This paper proposes a simulation system used as building disturbance environment for the test of Power Dispatching System. It proves that the established environment could effectively test a variety of functions of Power Dispatching System under the following situations, normal operation, disturbance, fault and avalanche. By applying this system, some functional and performance test that could not be done in Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) can be implemented, thus can be used to assist on Power Dispatching System’s security test.
Stimulation and Optimization of Parabolic Trough Solar Hot Water System
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Wei , Zuo De Gong
Published: August 2014

We firstly established stimulation model of parabolic trough solar hot water system with TRNSYS software.Based on the simulation model and the weather data of typical meteorological year in Tianjin,research was made on simulation and optimization from three aspects including the type, the inclination and azimuth,the ratio between the tank volume and the collector area,the water temperature ,the load and the tube length.We found that the efficiency and solar fraction of different types is different in 12 months throughout the year;There are great differences in the performance of different inclination and azimuth;The yearly efficiency and solar fraction will increase with the increase of the ratio between the tank volume and the collector area;When the temperature of water increases, the yearly efficiency and solar fraction will decrease and when the water load increases,the yearly efficiency will increase while the solar fraction will decrease;With increasing of the tube length ,the yearly efficiency and solar fraction will decrease.
Research on Scheduling Strategy for Distribution Network with the Access of Multi-Microgrids Including PV/WT/ST
Authors: Zhao Yan , Liu Ji Chun , Liu Jun Yong , An Xiang Yang , Gong Zheng Yu , He Chen , Chen Hong Hui , Zheng Xiao Li
Published: August 2014

With the rise of micro-grid, renewable energy such as wind and solar power is introduced to the electric power grid, which has the random and intermittent characteristics, thus having great impact on the safety and stability for the electric power grid. This paper deeply analyzes the situation where multiple micro-grids are connected to power grid and establishes a scheme of joint scheduling model for micro-grids and distribution network, which considers network loss, load fluctuation and operation economy. Then a combined bi-level optimization algorithm is introduced to solve this model. The simulation result shows that reasonable scheduling of micro-grid and distribution network not only can smooth the load curve but also reduce network loss and achieve load shifting result.
Electrical Generation of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Sensitizer from Rose Flower
Authors: Gomesh Nair , Ramli Syafinar , Irwanto M. , Irwan Y. M. , Mamat M. R. , Hashim U. , Mariun N.
Published: August 2014

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is part of the thin film family that consists of a TiO2 electrode coating which acts as a photo electrode, sensitizer from dye molecules soaked in the TiO2 film, electrolyte layer and a counter electrode. This paper focuses on the usage of a sensitizer from the rose flower and will review some of the research conducted on dye sensitizers from other researcher. Rose flower also known as woody perennial of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae is extracted and were used as sensitizer to fabricate dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The photoelectrochemical performance of Rose sensitized solar cell shows parameter of open circuit voltage, VOC,short circuit current, (ISC), fill factor (FF), solar cell efficiency (η), and peak absorbance rate as much as 0.13 V, 57.58 µA, 0.58, 0.85% and 3.5 at 550nm respectively. The photoelectrochemical performance of DSSC and the usage of natural sensitizer from Rose flower dye demonstrate good potential to be applied as a sensitizer yet detail investigations are essential in terms of its applicability for long term application.
Offline Configuration Resources about Smart Substation Multi-Dimensional and Multi-Objective Customization and Information Merger
Authors: Zhang Hai Dong , Chen Ai Lin , Dou Ren Hui , Ren Hui , Yang Qing , Zhao Guo Qing
Published: August 2014

Offline Configuration Resources about Smart substation Multi-dimensional and multi-objective customization and information merger is an important means of the development for the large-scale grid operation. In this paper, the method of smart substation model customization and information merger for multi-level control center is proposed. This paper puts forward the scheme、data flow and key technologies of model customization and information merger. The software of model customization and information merger, which can flexibly configure the rule of model reduction and information merger according to different scenarios, is designed and developed. The software is validated in the laboratory, which illustrates that idea of this paper has good potential value.
Research on the Substation 3D Real Scene Surveillance
Authors: Chen Hao , Hu Ya Ping , Yan Jin Gyi , Chen Jiong Cong , Hu Juan
Published: August 2014

The reasonable distribution of the video monitoring points in the substation is one of the technical problems to be solved in the engineering. We combined the camera calibration algorithm with the real application of the substation video monitoring point layout, and proposed a nonlinear camera calibration method of the external parameters based on the 3D real scene, which is suited for the substation video surveillance system. The optimal video monitoring points are determined by the relationship between the video produced by the camera movement and the visual scope displayed with the 3D real scene, and testified by the location of each object through its boundary geometric element shown in the pictures. It has been proved applicable by the video simulating analysis on the 110kV main transformer monitoring points. This method has been used in the engineering design of the Guangdong Power Grid substation video surveillance system.
Transient Stability Emergency Control Research Based on Critical Machine Unit
Authors: Lu Fang , Li Yu , Liu Hong Da
Published: August 2014

Self-healing ability is the basic requirement of smart grid. When a fault occurs, the control system should analysis transient stability on line and offer control measures quickly. This paper presents a fast and accurate transient stability emergency control measure. Based on the wide-area measures system, the sensitivity of critical-machine-unit stability index to controlled parameter is derived, and as one of transient stability constraints, sensitivity equation is incorporated into the nonlinear optimization algorithm to obtain the required emergency control amount. The method is simple and quick; the smallest cutting amount ensures load power supply, the simulation verifies the method’s superiority.
The Research of Control Strategy Based on Hierarchical Consistency Algorithm in Active Distribution Network
Authors: Song Xu Dong , Yu Nan Hua , Chen Zhong , Zong Peng Peng
Published: August 2014

With the increase of renewable energy in distribution network, development of active distribution network adapt to the control and management of distributed generation. In order to adapt to the increase of distributed generation which makes the distribution network expansion planning more complex, This paper presents an active control method of hierarchical consistency to control distributed generation when the load changes. Each control objectives need to interact with the neighboring targets, and it can achieve the goal of global optimal control without global information. The method classifies the distributed generation node, and achieves the ultimate goal of consistency based on the information communication of local distributed generation by monitoring the power of main distributed generation node and other distributed generation nodes in each layer. The efficiency and feasibility of the strategy are demonstrated by IEEE26 system.
A Practical Evaluation Method for Human Security Risk in Single Operation of Power Supplying
Authors: Liu Yi Gang , Qiu Ye , Wei Xiu Ning , Huang Yu Long , Wang Gan Biao , Wang Yun Tao , Jiang Hao Xia
Published: August 2014

This paper proposes a risk evaluation method for human security during single power-supplying operation by use of expert evaluation, which serves for enhancing the human security level and power supplying reliability accordingly. The causes that affect human safety were distinguished into many factors which can be classified into 5 respects: man, machine, material, management and mediums, called ‘5M’ method. In order to quantize human safety risk, expert evaluation method was used to assess the human casualty accident occurrence probability value caused by these human security influencing factors. Then a practical evaluation method for human security risk was proposed by the product of human casualty accident (HCA) hazard with maximum probability and its probability value. Practicality of the proposed method was demonstrated on a real falling accident happened in 2005.
AHP Analysis in the Step Tariff of Electricity Program in Decision-Making in Research
Authors: Xiong Wei , Zou Yu , Su Shi Wei
Published: August 2014

Step tariff of electricity as an important technique in the electric power demand side management, can smooth the load curve, and can also realize the rational allocation of resources. In view of the scheme designing step tariff of electricity price, at the same time considering residents' per capita income and the average household electricity consumption, using AHP, research steps user cost of electricity pricing schemes. And on the basis of the step tariff of electricity implementation project of Hubei province data, combined with the local consumption were analyzed, and for the further development of step tariff and the price offer certain reference basis in the future.
Performance Comparison between Dyes on Single Layered TiO2 Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Gomesh Nair , Arief Z. M. , Ramli Syafinar , Irwanto M , Irwan Y. M. , Mamat M. R. , Hashim U. , Mariun N.
Published: August 2014

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is another kind of solar cell from the third generation that forms a photovoltaic. DSSC is designed to reduce cost from usage of expensive material in conventional solar panels. The purpose of this project is to fabricate and compare dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) by using organic dye from blueberry and blue dye from chemical substances. The DSSC is fabricated using ‘Doctor Blade’ method. Results are based on investigating the electrical performance and characteristic of the fabricated TiO2 solar cell based on these comparisons of dyes in order to investigate the potential of organic dyes as a light absorbing mechanism. The required data that is investigated are the open circuit voltage, Voc, short circuit current, Isc, fill factors, solar cells efficiency and UV absorption. Result shows good potential in the blueberry dyes as a sensitizer but further investigation is needed in order to fully understand the characteristic of these organic dyes.
The Research on Production Operation Risk Management of the Power Supply Enterprises
Authors: Cheng Bo , Wang Zheng , Zhang Xing , Xiong Xing , Chai Song Jian
Published: August 2014

With the construction of power grid, operation safety risk in the power supply enterprises is to increase ceaselessly. Corporate managers need to solve the problem how to carry out the operations safety risk management. This paper analyses production operation risk management status of power supply enterprises, describes the content and process of production operation risk management, and then expounds how to achieve information management of production operation risk by establishing production operation risk management and control system of information management. Finally, construction ideas of the system is proposed in the terms of design principles, deployment way and functional design.
Estimation of Reduction Depreciation Charges in Power Network when DG Source is Connecting
Authors: Chechushkov Dmitrii , Bunkova Elena
Published: August 2014

This paper observes the impact of distributed generation (DG) on the durability and depreciation costs for operation of power transformers. A mathematical model for calculating of change in depreciation charges and results of experimental calculations are given. Various mechanisms for the use of the obtained criterion are proposed.
Discussions of Traditional Ignition Temperature Methods with DTA Principle and a New DTG-DTA Method Establishment
Authors: Fu Cheng Guo , Ma Shi Bang , Tian Yi Shui , Xue Dang Qin , Zhang Lin Hai , Hou Shu Lin
Published: August 2014

Ignition temperature is an important parameter in fuel combustion characteristics research. In this paper, tradition ignition temperature determination methods and their application limitations were discussed by analyzing the DTA curve. All discussions were demonstrated in sweet sorghum fermentation residue particles combustion test. As commonly-used methods were totally established with no consideration of thermal analyzing, the calculating value error were obvious. Taking account detected time tk (uV>0) and delay time() in DTG (derivative thermogravimetry)-DTA (differential thermal analyses) profile, DTG-DTA delay time method was established in this paper. The calculated values comparison has been performed between new method and TG-DTG dividing point method，the latter was recognized as the most accurate method. It was showed that new method has almost the same ignition temperature to that of TG-DTG dividing point method. While new method needs only half workloads of TG-DTG diving point method. The physical conception of new method is clear and corresponded ignition temperature is accurate. Therefore, new method is suitable for biomass ignition temperature determination.
Full-Spectrum k-Distribution Model for Radiation in Gas Based on Multi-Group Methods
Authors: Zhou Yue , Wang Qiang , Hu Hai Yang
Published: August 2014

The k-distribution method applied in narrow band and wide band is extended to the full spectrum based on spectroscopic datebase HITEMP, educing the full-spectrum k-distribution model. Absorption coefficents in this model are reordered into a smooth,monotonically increasing function such that the intensity calculations are performed only once for each absorption coefficent value and the resulting computations are immensely more efficent.Accuracy of this model is examined for cases ranging from homogeneous one-dimensional carbon dioxide to inhomogeneous ones with simultaneous variations in temperature. Comparision with line-by-line calculations (LBL) and narrow-band k-distribution (NBK) method as well as wide-band k-distribution (WBK) method shows that the full-spectrum k-distribution model is exact for homogeneous media, although the errors are greater than the other two models. After dividing the absorption coefficients into several groups according to their temperature dependence, the full-spectrum k-distribution model achieves line-by-line accuracy for gases inhomogeneous in temperature, accompanied by lower computational expense as compared to NBK model or WBK model. It is worth noting that a new grouping scheme is provided in this paper.
Calculation and Design Method Study of the Coil-Wound Heat Exchanger
Authors: Zhang Zhou Wei , Xue Jia Xing , Wang Ya Hong
Published: August 2014

A calculation method for counter-current type coil-wound heat exchanger is presented for heat exchange process. The numerical simulation method is applied to determine the basic physical parameters of wound bundles. By controlling the inlet fluid velocity varying in coil-wound heat exchanger to program and calculate the iterative process. The calculation data is analyzed by comparison of numerical result and the unit three dimensional pipe bundle model was built. Studies show that the introduction of numerical simulation can simplify the pipe winding process and accelerate the calculation and design of overall configuration in coil-wound heat exchanger. This method can be applied to the physical modeling and heat transfer calculation of pipe bundles in coil wound heat exchanger, program to calculate the complex heat transfer changing with velocity and other parameters, and optimize the overall design and calculation of spiral bundles.
Research on Cryogenic Characteristics in Spatial Cold-Shield System
Authors: Zhang Zhou Wei , Wang Ya Hong , Xue Jia Xing
Published: August 2014

A spatial cold-shield system with cryogenic phase change refrigeration was studied to decrease the surface temperature of spacecraft under 100 K and surface infrared intensity under 0.5 W/m2within 30 minutes in space. A 3-D unit and systematic model were established to simulate the real structures and the variation regularities of the major parameters under different flying periods. A simplified unit model and a systematic model were established to simulate the heat-transfer and flow-field of cold shield in cryogenic, vacuum and micro-gravitational conditions. The unit and systematic experiments were carried out to study the cryogenic phase change refrigeration in cold shield on the ground. The results indicated the simulated and experimented parameters of cold-shield were consistent with the designing conditions of spacecraft. The systematic model could make the LN2touching the surface easily and causing the surface temperature distributed more uniformly. The cold-shield could meet the requirement of cryogenic infrared intensity by phase change refrigeration in space.
The Experimental Study and Simplified Model of Water Mist Absorbing Heat Radiation
Authors: Lu Chun Yi , Yu Yong Gang
Published: August 2014

The small-scale experiments of water mist extinguishing cardboard fire were carried out. Thermocouples and heat radiation sensor were used to measure the fire temperature and radiation heat flux of the burning area. The variation characteristics of the combustion field radiation heat flux under different spray pressure were studied. The results show that: the spray pressure has a significant influence on the extinguishing process. Based on the experiments, The simplified model of water mist absorbing heat radiation has been established, the results of this model agree well with the results of the experiments, and is good for predicting the effect of water mist particle diameter.
Analytic Hierarchy Process of Environmental Social Groups for Promoting Biomass Energy in Taiwan
Authors: Tung Yi Ti , Pai Tzu Yi , Kang Ya Chin , Chen Yu Ping , Huang Tzu Chiang , Lai Wei Jia , Lee Hsin Yi
Published: August 2014

This study adopted analytical hierarchical process (AHP) to evaluate the significance of the criterion of policy regarding promoting biomass energy, taking environmental social groups’ points of view into consideration. The analytical results of the study are as follows. The experts from environmental social groups suggested that the most important major criteria are in the order as follows: policy criterion layer, technical criterion layer, economy criterion layer, and energy education criterion layer. As for the global weights of the criteria, the criteria with top five weights are in the order as follows: “active development of green energy industry by government”, “supply and consumption method of low-carbon and low-pollution energy”, “increase of percentage of power generation from renewable energy in total power supply”, “encourage manufacturers to develop new biomass power generation technology”, and “continually develop the technology projects which has potential and prospects in the future”.
Energy Efficiency Analysis on Drying Viscose Fiber in Superheated Steam and Hot Air
Authors: Geng Wen Guang , Gao Ling , Ma Xiu Li , Li Xuan You
Published: August 2014

The paper presents a novel drying system which includes a superheated steam drying and a hot air drying. The conventional viscose fiber drying is experimental studied and the drying quality and energy consumption were analyzed. In the experiments, the temperature of superheated steam covered the range from 120°C to 150°C and, hot air temperature is about 80°C. A series of drying kinetics curves were determined to optimize the operation parameters. The results show that the combined drying has high energy efficiency because of the exhaust heat recovery from superheated drying period.
Effect of the Flow Models on the Numerical Simulation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: Jin Mei , Zhan Li , Yu Guo Xian , Zhang Jian Qi , Liu Hong Jiao
Published: August 2014

The effect of the volumetric flow rate on the heat transfer of shell and tube heat exchangers was investigated. Furthermore, a comparison of four flow models using for numerical simulation was discussed to provide improved predictions of turbulent flow in the shell and tube heat exchangers. Four flow models tested were Reynolds stress model, k-ε Standard model, k-ε RNG model and k-ε Realizable model, respectively. Multi reference frame technique was used with Fluent software package. During the numerical simulation, the heat dissipation was shown to be strongly dependent on the choice of turbulence model. Compared with the cold model experimental result, k-ε RNG model was a better turbulence model for the prediction of the heat dissipation in the shell and tube heat exchangers among the four models. Furthermore, the good agreement between the numerical results and the experimental result confirmed the validity of the numerical method.
Comparison and Selection of Different Types of Boiler Soot-Blowers
Authors: Wang Xiu Yan , Chen Ye Xuan
Published: August 2014

The application of soot-blower is the primary means for solving the fouling and slagging of coal-fired boilers. And appropriate soot-blowing will greatly improve the efficiency of boilers. Therefore, selecting the appropriate type of soot-blower is surely important. This paper analyzes the working principle, technical characteristics, and application scope of steam soot-blowers, gas pulse shock soot-blowers, acoustic soot-blowers and air shock soot-blowers which are common in boilers. It raises a proposal that different types of soot-blowers should be used in different positions of boilers.