bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Service-Learning and Clinical Nursing Education: A Delphi Inquiry
Authors: Dombrowsky Thomas , Gustafson Kevin , Cauble Denise
Published: June 2019

Background:

There is confusion about the similarities and differences between service-learning and clinical nursing education among nurse educators.

Method:

The Delphi method was used to survey nursing authors of articles on service-learning with the purpose of uncovering differences and similarities between the two methods, as well as the unique contributions of service-learning.

Results:

Both service-learning and clinical education further outcomes such as cultural competence, skill development, teamwork, leadership, and application of theory to practice. Service-learning also fosters student creativity and independence and is more focused on client or agency need. Clinical education is primarily focused on the student and is better understood by most nurse educators. Service-learning provides a broader perspective of health care and an increased sense of agency and self-confidence.

Conclusion:

Service-learning is a viable method to address gaps in nursing education, but it is not well understood by many nurse educators.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(7):381–391.]
Exam Wrapper Use and Metacognition in a Fundamentals Course: Perceptions and Reality
Authors: Schuler Monika S. , Chung Joohyun
Published: June 2019

Background:

An exam wrapper is a structured debriefing questionnaire designed to help students understand examination performance and develop improvement strategies. This mixed-methods pilot study sought to examine its impact on students' metacognitive skills in a fundamentals nursing class and to assess student perceptions of its usefulness.

Method:

Metacognition was assessed using the Metacognitive Inventory for Nursing Students. Quantitative data were analyzed using the nonparametric Friedman test. Qualitative data were taken from four focus groups.

Results:

Students who used the exam wrapper throughout the semester demonstrated significant improvement in metacognition over time (
p
= .014). Focus group data revealed that students did not find the exam wrapper to be helpful. The analysis revealed three themes: Reliance on Faculty, Overlap With Established Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, and Difficulty in Answering Exam Wrapper Questions.

Conclusion:

Although students may not perceive this tool as useful, those who repeatedly used it over time had increased metacognition.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(7):417–421.]
Despite Challenges: Nursing Student Persistence
Authors: Fagan Julie M. , Coffey Jean S.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Seeking to improve nursing student retention in their small university, faculty conducted a literature review on attrition in nursing education and discovered it to be a significant global problem with nearly one third of qualified students discontinuing. Improved nursing student persistence could stem the growing worldwide nursing shortage. The existing research on retention indicates multi-faceted challenges and impacts but offers scant solutions or insight into student perspectives.

Method:

The nursing faculty piloted a bridge course for the freshman cohort to develop intrinsic strengths for student persistence and begin soliciting student feedback using a mixed-methods phenomenological approach.

Results:

Faculty describe the bridge course framework and activities and present initial student responses.

Conclusion:

The pilot bridge course serves as one step toward identifying challenges and interventions from students' perspectives to support persistence as a means of meeting nursing shortage demands.[J Nurs Educ.2019;58(7):427–430.]
Understanding Enterprise Resource Planning Reliability for Operational Excellence
Authors: Odhiambo Julius Nyerere , Micheni Elyjoy Muthoni , Muma Benard
Published: June 2019

The quest for sustainable competitive advantage and the urge to adapt to a challenging business environment has made firms around the globe to adopt enterprise resource planning systems so as optimally leverage on the enterprise-wide resources and be more responsive to customer demands. Globally organizations seeking to enhance their competitiveness have utilized Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems to enhance their operational efficiency. The ERP philosophy advocates for the incorporation of personnel, finance, manufacturing, distribution, sales, and marketing modules into a single integrated system and a central database, allowing an organization to efficiently and effectively utilize its resources. The planning and better management of organizational resources, improved business performance, and better integration of business operations can be facilitated by an ERP system to offer an avenue of excellence for a business. Despite the potential benefits an ERP system offers an organization, few studies have explored the ERP reliability in the context of competition driven business imperatives.
Utilization of Online Platforms by Social Entrepreneurs for Social Sustainable Development
Authors: Herrmann-Fankhänel Anja
Published: June 2019

Socially sustainable development can be driven by individuals, entrepreneurs, growing start-ups, and international companies. As social entrepreneurs, people opt for a form of organization that contributes to social improvement through entrepreneurial means. The question is: How do they do it? The resource dependence approach (RDA) assumes that all decisions and activities of a (social) enterprise are based on information about its environment. Therefore, the four key components of the social enterprise (individual, organization, social innovation, market orientation) must be appropriate. In this chapter, therefore, social enterprises are outlined as active participants and shapers of the economy and society. Since an active improvement with regard to socially sustainable development is focused by the social enterprises in Africa, a description of the social enterprise's environment is also given within the framework of topical focuses. The goal is to derive recommendations about action for social enterprises to achieve their goals.
The Evolution of Microfinance Products to Promote Microentrepreneurship Towards Social Progress of African Countries
Authors: Chummun Bibi Zaheenah
Published: June 2019

Microfinance deployment is an important measure of development to the low-income entrepreneurs and households in their journey of poverty and social upliftment in the African countries. Microfinancial services, which were previously randomly available to the low-income, financially excluded households are presently a possible pathway to improve the way they could utilize to develop their small businesses and achieve their business goals. Although the provision of microfinancial services in the African countries continue to grow, the results show that the microfinance organizations are not strategically market-prone in the delivery of services. In this era of fierce competition, key marketing strategies and approaches are required such as the need for proper market orientation and planning, competitive edge in their marketing mix, training and development, among others to promote social progress to the low-income entrepreneurs.
Research Information Management Systems
Authors: T. R. Manu , Parmar Minaxi , A. A. Shashikumara , Asjola Viral
Published: June 2019

Research information management systems (RIMS) are the emerging new service in academic and research libraries. RIMS support universities and libraries in managing their institute, faculty, and researcher information through a single interface. They also allow the researcher to deposit and share their research with the public and enable the reuse of that research. An implementation of RIMS in universities or libraries ensures the proper management of research information for future use. RIMS disseminates research information and publications and supports data, academic, and administrative work by faculty and researchers. Traditionally, an institutional repository, digital library, and research data management software were used to manage research information as part of an institutional repository, but these applications have failed to manage more specialist researcher information and more detailed faculty profiles, etc. Consequently, various specialist software companies have brought RIMS onto the market with applications and products that meet the requirements of individual researchers, libraries, and universities in the management of research information. This chapter provides a comparative evaluation of RIMS (i.e., PURE-Elsevier, Converis-Thomson Routers, and Symplectic Elements). This study contributes towards an understanding of RIMS and assists with the selection of the appropriate software application for implementation of a RIMS system in universities and libraries.
Digital Library and Distance Learning in Developing Countries
Authors: Idiegbeyan-ose Jerome , Owolabi Sola Emmanuel , Ayooluwa Aregbesola , Foluke Okocha , Toluwani Eyiolorunshe , Sunday Oguntayo
Published: June 2019

This chapter discussed the digital library and distance learning benefits and challenges in developing countries. It started with the general introduction of digital library and distance learning, and went further and discussed the nexus between the digital library and distance learning. The chapter further highlighted the benefits of digital library in distance learning. It also pointed out the challenges of distance learning in developing countries, such as finance, lack of conducive learning environment, poor policies on education, inadequate instructional materials, among others. The chapter further discussed the challenges of digital library in developing countries to include insufficient funding, high cost of instructional materials, insufficient and digital local content, and so on. The paper concluded that there is an urgent need for all stakeholders to take urgent attention in addressing the challenges of digital library in distance learning to create a full opportunity of what digital library provides in distance learning in developing countries.
Technological Innovation in Academic Libraries Among Universities
Authors: Mishra Champeswar , Pal Surendra Kumar , Manglam Amitabh Kumar
Published: June 2019

Innovation is no longer an option but a necessity for an organization to survive during a crisis. Innovations in terms of products, process, technologies, and services, can effectively be used to resolve the crisis of the current educational system to survive and thrive in the 21st century. Academic libraries should re-think and re-invent the existing technologies, services, and facilities to fulfill the demands of users. Management, organization, and dissemination of information can be done quickly and effectively with the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in an innovative way. Technological innovation (TI) can be considered as an innovative solution for the sustenance of libraries during a crisis. This chapter attempts to describe the essence of TI in academic libraries and highlights the perceptions of librarians on TI in the university libraries system in India. Therefore, this chapter will explore individual innovative behavior and its influencing factors on technological innovation in academic libraries in Indian universities.
Countries Progress in Solar PV in Support of NDC Implementation and Contribution to Achieving SDG7
Authors: Senshaw Dereje Azemraw , Edwards Alexander
Published: June 2019

This case study examines the progress being made by 12 least developed countries (LDCs) in their effort to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) – access to clean and sustainable energy for all. Focusing on solar photovoltaics (PV), the authors look at what can be done to further the spread of renewable energy, and the role various actors have to playing in helping these countries to meet SDG7. Furthermore, with countries on the cusp of submitting their revised contributions under the Paris Agreement, they look at the role solar PV can play in helping LDCs to participate in taking action against climate change. After outlining the current policy landscape, and efforts being made within these countries, they look at the obstacles, opportunities, and the role of solar PV going forward. They also look at the steps that policymakers, both national and international, can take to encourage the rapid uptake of renewable energy in developing nations.
Promotional Policies and Legislative Support for Grid-Connected Renewable Energy Projects
Authors: Sen Vasundhara , Kulkarni Ashish
Published: June 2019

Renewable Energy Sources-Based Electricity (RES-E) plays a key role in sustainable development – of meeting current energy demands, without adding to global warming concerns. However, as of 2017, only 8.5% of the total electricity generation came from RES-E. To boost this contribution, countries rely on strong legislative and policy support/tools. This case focuses on studying the legislative or regulatory frameworks put in place by the top three developed countries, and compares it with three developing countries, each of which are forerunners in RES-E, as of 2017. The comparative study suggests that while no single policy can be credited with the success behind rising RES-E in these countries, two key incentives are most important – namely feed-in-tariffs and renewable purchase obligations. Feed-in-tariffs act as floor price guarantee to the generator and renewable purchase obligations assures the generator of quantum of sale of the RES-E generated. When combined, these two incentives remain the most trusted policy tools even today for countries starting their journey in increasing their RES-E footprints.
Scaling up Renewable Energy Investment for Sustainable Development
Authors: Assab Abderrahim
Published: June 2019

Renewable energy generation is a fundamental component of the transition to a low-carbon economy. The world needs to invest up to USD 600 million annually to meet the electricity demand in a sustainable way whereas the current investment level stands at USD 280 billion. Scaling-up the current level of investment requires a larger implication of the private sectors and a different role for the public sector. The challenge lays in the fact that different investors are motivated by a different risk and return profiles. The current chapter presents the trends in renewable energy financial flows and investment vehicles. It looks at the risks associated with the investment in renewable energy and the relevant risk mitigation instruments. Finally, it applies these concepts to the case of the Lake Turkana wind farm in Kenya, a project that faced many challenges and involved more than 15 investors.
The Boulder Breakup
Authors: Clark Kate , Conroy Keriann F.
Published: June 2019

The City of Boulder, Colorado has for 10 years attempted to break up with its electric utility, Xcel Energy, in favor of forming its own municipal utility. Environmental proponents of the separation argue that a democratically accountable, local utility would be better suited to achieve Boulder's ambitious environmental and climate action goals. However, other environmentalists disagree and instead argue that Xcel Energy is a willing and capable environmental partner. This case examines this conflict in order to illustrate a divide in Boulder's environmental community, which mirrors a divide in the larger environmental movement, between structural environmentalists on the one hand and neoliberal environmentalists on the other. The case offers a review of the theoretical work that informs these conflicting perspectives. Finally, it analyzes structural and neoliberal sentiments expressed in the opinion pages of the city's newspaper in order to demonstrate how they intervene and shape Colorado electricity politics.
Economically Optimal Solar Power Generation
Authors: Badruddin Sana , Robertson-Gillis Cameron Ryan , Ashworth Janice , Wright David J.
Published: June 2019

The Ottawa Renewable Energy Cooperative is considering installing solar modules on the roofs of two buildings while they stay connected to the public electricity grid. Solar power produced over their own needs would be sent to the public electricity grid for a credit on their electricity bill. When they need more power than they are generating, these buildings would purchase electricity from the grid. In addition to paying for the electricity they purchase, they would be subject to a “demand charge” that applies each month to the hour during which their consumption is at a peak for that month. Any electricity consumed during that peak hour would be charged at a rate about 100 times the rate for other hours. The case addresses three questions: (1) Is it profitable for these organizations to install solar on their roofs? (2) Can profitability be increased by adding a battery? and (3) How sensitive is profitability to uncertainty in future electricity prices? The case shows how the answers to these questions depend on the profile of hourly electricity consumption during the day, which is very different from one building to the other.
Hydrogen Fuel Cells as Green Energy
Authors: Rajangam Padmavathi
Published: June 2019

To reduce reliance on fossil fuels and increase demands for clean energy technology worldwide, there is currently a growing interest in the use of fuel cells as energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly power generators. With this inevitable depletion, fossil fuels will not be able to respond to energy demand for future. Among all major types of fuel cells, hydrogen fuel cells (HFCs) are in the forefront stage and have gained substantial attention for vehicle and portable applications, which is composed of a cathode, an anode, and a PEM. The heart of the fuel cells is membrane electrode assembly (MEA). An electro-deposition technique for preparing the nano-catalyst layer in PEMFCs has been designed, which may enable an increase in the level of Pt utilization currently achieved in these systems. Functionalization process has been done using a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid in refluxing condition. The hydrocarbon-based polymer membrane has been used as electrolyte part.
African American Students, Racism, and Academic Injustice
Authors: Jones Patrice W. Glenn , Hope Warren C.
Published: June 2019

In effort to align academic achievement for all students, this chapter offers Fostering Urban Student Excellence (FUSE) as an instructional strategy to curtail not-learning and evoke academic improvement among African American students, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. In addition to introducing FUSE, this chapter outlines the achievement gap, along with the factors that impact it, and reveals the academic position imposed upon African American students by social injustices. The chapter also establishes the critical need for FUSE as a specific instructional strategy to combat the impact of racial injustice.
Envisioning Change and Extending Library Reach for Impact in Underserved School Communities
Authors: Kowalsky Michelle
Published: June 2019

This project aimed to improve and promote the school libraries in a K-12 district which serves primarily African American and Latino students. Surveys about the libraries were distributed to each teacher, student, and parents. Students independently and overwhelmingly reported that they enjoyed the author visits, the new books, and the library research projects which utilized them. Reactions to this district-wide library initiative contributed to the students' positive reviews of these aspects of their school libraries in roughly equal parts; in other words, students don't only appreciate the ability to surf the internet. Students in this underserved population mentioned that their class research projects turned out better, that they were able to find more information in books and online via new library computers, and that they found exciting new materials to read. Students, teachers, and parents consistently reported that they felt more interested and more successful in library research after their school library was updated and its resources were promoted.
The Role of Culturally Responsive Teacher to Ensure Social Justice in Education
Authors: Karataş Kasım , Ardıç Tuncay
Published: June 2019

In this chapter, the importance of having culturally responsive teacher competencies to carry out the education process in accordance with the social justice is discussed within the context of teacher roles and responsibilities. Indeed, education as a social institution is an important institution that provides individuals with an understanding of justice, equality, freedom, and solidarity in a way that enables individuals to live harmoniously within society. In this respect, education system components should be designed with culturally responsive pedagogy on the basis of social justice principles. Besides implementing a culturally responsive teaching in classrooms can be achieved with teachers who have culturally responsive teaching competencies. With these roles and responsibilities, teachers should develop their individual and professional competencies for culturally responsive teaching at teacher education programs.
Acculturation Stress and Its Reflections in Terms of Social Inequality
Authors: Karataş Kasım , Baloglu Mustafa
Published: June 2019

Within the framework of social justice principles, it is important that the members of the host culture and the immigrant community develop bilateral acceptance and solidarity. Both bodies have responsibilities in preventing discrimination, social inequality, social disparity, and social injustice so that the experiences of acculturation stress do not become detrimental to societal peace and accord. It is an important source of social inequality that the members of the host country have prejudice and discriminate against immigrants on a personal and institutional basis and deprive them of social support. Higher levels of acculturation stress experienced by immigrant children and adolescents due to social inequality might lead to an unhealthy acculturation process. As a result, in the light of social justice and on the basis of universal human rights, a healthy social interaction and integration will be achieved by handling the process of acculturation and reducing the effects of acculturation stress.
Bridging the Gap With QR Codes
Authors: Naseer Moazzam , Aktaş Celalettin
Published: June 2019

Turkey was at 40th as per Google's Our Mobile Planet five years ago. There are hardly a few counties, in these indices, which had seen such an upsurge of smartphone penetration rate in a short period of time. With the immense proliferation of smartphones there comes all types of uses and gratification consumers could attach to the smart gadgets. QR Codes were the inventions of same decade and were taken by storm by these smartphone consumers in Turkey. Past studies conducted in economically and digitally developed countries concluded that research and development in the area of QR Codes is in the field of advertising and marketing mainly. There are hardly advanced discussions from the dimension of media and communication. This study explores the basic themes and expansion of the idea of digital literacy around the academia; furthermore, a case is presented of how digital literacy is linked with digital divide in developing economies and how QR Codes can synergize the process of digital growth of societies and how QR Codes are addressed around the world.
Associations Between Dependency on LINE Text Messaging and Occurrence of Negative Emotions in LINE Group Chats
Authors: Kato Shogo , Kato Yuuki , Usuki Kiminori
Published: June 2019

This study examined associations between dependency on LINE text messaging and the times at which negative emotions occurred in survey participants in LINE group chats in two situations—when waiting for a response and when making others wait for a response. The main results of correlation analyses of dependency scores and times are as follows. While effects were not observed for dependency as a whole, strong effects of partial subscales were observed. That is, the higher the score of relationship maintenance, which is a subscale of dependency, the shorter the time it takes for negative emotions to occur. On the other hand, it was partially suggested that the higher the score of excessive use, which is another subscale of dependency, the longer the time for negative emotions to occur. This study proposes that it is necessary to break down each aspect of LINE text-messaging dependency when examining the impact of the dependency on the timing of users generating negative emotions in LINE group chats.
Avatars for Clinical Assessment
Authors: Triberti Stefano , Sebri Valeria , Savioni Lucrezia , Gorini Alessandra , Pravettoni Gabriella
Published: June 2019

Avatars are an important feature of digital environments. Existing both in social networks and webchats (usually as static images) and in single-player and online video games (as dynamic characters, often humanoid), avatars are meant to represent users' action and communication within digital environments. Research has shown that, when they are customized by users, avatars are not created “randomly,” rather they maintain some kind of relationship with users' actual self-representation and identity. However, more recent studies showed that users may have multiple digital representations: the same person could create multiple avatars depending on which facet of the self is primed by an experimental manipulation, or on which aims they have to pursue in the given virtual environments (e.g., to seduce, to play, to work). With this background, this contribution explores the possibility to use customized avatars within psychological assessment, as adjunctive assessment tools useful to get information on patients' self-representation(s) and communicative intentions.
Education via Social Net Sites
Authors: Balakina Julia , Frolova Natalia
Published: June 2019

Incorporation of blended learning into educational process is complex and challenging. The chapter aims to elucidate educators' and students' engagement and attitude towards the use of computer-mediated communication and social net sites in general, and for educational purposes in particular, in order to single out the issues that are controversial and slow down the use of ICT in teaching practice. It presents university teachers' and students' opinions collected by observation and interviewing. The results of the study, based on the fourth-generation method of assessment, reveal that both students and educators are active users of SNS and are optimistic about their integration into educational process. However, despite all the advantages of SNS disclosed in the study, still there are some issues to overcome before SNS can become an integral part of educational process. At present, its use should be supported by other means like LMS or MOOCs as well as traditional on-campus activities.
Understanding Digital Congruence in Industry 4.0
Authors: Ulusoy Berna
Published: June 2019

Industry 4.0 is a type of revolution that brings profound changes around the world. Industry 4.0 has both broadened the scope of digital transformation and raised its importance to organizations. The interconnection of digital and physical processes is fundamentally increasing. In this respect, digital transformation becomes a major driving force of Industry 4.0 for organizations. While Industry 4.0 presents key opportunities to boost competitiveness and promotes digital change, development of digital capabilities is significant for organizations to be better prepared to implement these advances. Thus, according to some authors, digital capabilities refer to digital congruence. Digital congruence relates to culture, people, structure, and tasks in organizations. It is therefore considered that explaining the link between digital congruence and Industry 4.0 will provide a unique insight into the research agenda of Industry 4.0.
Opportunities, Challenges, and Solutions for Industry 4.0
Authors: Ng Hee Song
Published: June 2019

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is the fourth industrial revolution sweeping through the world of manufacturing. This revolution integrates the current trend of intelligent automation with internet of things (IoT), big data, and artificial intelligence to bring about extraordinary technological innovation, economic growth, and tremendous progress to organizations of all shapes and sizes, on a magnitude beyond the current imagination. The disruptive technologies introduced by I4.0 represent a leap forward from more traditional automation to next generation industrial production based on fully web-based cyber-physical systems (CPS)s. To full understand the I4.0 concept and implementation, this chapter makes an in-depth analysis on the issues and controversies of I4.0, recent technological advancement, management and organizational concerns in terms of opportunities and threats, capital investment and skillsets, cybersecurity threat, ethics consideration, current challenges facing organizations and industry in terms of geopolitical domination, economic and social disenfranchisement, job destruction and job creation, the roles of multinational corporations, lack of technologies capabilities, lack of skillset, and skill mismatches. This chapter also makes suggestions for solutions and recommendations in terms of the role of government and incentives and grants; assessment tools; collaboration; the development of local companies and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); upskilling, reskilling, and lifelong learning; education; universities and students; skilled graduates; and future research and directions.
Application of Utility Mining in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Agarwal Reshu
Published: June 2019

Supply chain management (SCM) assumes an exceptionally indispensable part in overseeing and sorting out big business forms, expanding operational productivity of the association. Inventory management is turning into a need to enhance the establishment and framework inside social orders which thusly builds the financial development. The examination discoveries demonstrate that despite the fact that it appears that SCM gives numerous administrations, it has a few issues as well including poor stock administration, bullwhip impact, high cost of coordination, innovation use, and lacking interest in IT. To beat issues of SCM, there is need of an enhanced sales forecasting model that will build the reliable and efficient forecasting results. An enhanced sales forecasting model is presented in this chapter.
Digitized Public Administration
Authors: Piasecki Stefan
Published: June 2019

Digitization affects all areas of modern societies. It influences education, industrial production, workplaces, and of course, leisure activities. Its impact can be witnessed in communication, workflow organization, and many other fields. International companies have been the forerunners of digitization efforts, but recently, public administration in Germany has caught up on the development. Being bound to laws and political guidance, public administrations are less flexible to adapt to new changes than privately held companies. Public administration is engaged in a constant fight for the best employees since payment is often lower for comparable work in private economy. Still, citizens expect a level of service and engagement they have learned to know from privately owned businesses. Public administration needs to motivate its employees just like companies have to. To do this, different strategies have been suggested. This chapter attempts to highlight common challenges and possible benefits of using gamification techniques in enhancing motivation in public administration.
Industry 4.0 and Its Effects on the Insurance Sector
Authors: Yıldırım İsmail
Published: June 2019

Industry 4.0 defines the fourth industrial revolution, a new level in the organization and management of products and production systems. This cycle consists of services that include the entire chain, including individualized customer requests, product development, production order, distribution, and recycling to the end user. One of the most important preconditions for the realization of the Industry 4.0 revolution is that companies have completed their digital transformations. New technologies and digitalization have brought a new understanding of insurance. Insurance companies are focused on four areas such as big data, artificial intelligence, internet of objects, and blockchain in the changing world. With the changing habits of consumers in their daily lives, new generation insurance needs emerged. The introduction of a new era shaped by the insurance industry with new products, services, competitors, and customer expectations will have various effects. This chapter describes how Industry 4.0 transforms the insurance sector.
Health Education as a Tool for Social Justice and Health Equity
Authors: Benes Sarah
Published: June 2019

All youth deserve access to effective health education that provides them with the tools they need to maintain or improve their health and the health of others. Health education, in school and community settings, can be a tool for addressing social justice and health equity across race and class. Effective health education can increase awareness and understanding of the many factors, including social determinants of health and power structures, that impact health and wellness. More importantly, health education can affect change by empowering students to address not only their own health but the health of others, their communities, and beyond. This chapter reviews the current literature, focusing on practical applications for school and community settings, and presents strategies for implementing health education that supports health and wellness at interpersonal, intrapersonal, and community levels.
Flip the Script
Authors: Correia Amy
Published: June 2019

English learners (ELs) in the United States are viewed as deficits based on their lack of the English language and their performance on standardized assessments. To improve education for ELs, practitioners need to be trained to value a student's multilingualism and culture, leverage native language to build content knowledge and English language acquisition, and embrace Arthur Pearl's vision of democratic education for ELs. The building of language and content will allow ELs to be able to participate with and contribute to society. The University of Rhode Island has developed a teacher training program to meet this need.
Teaching Safety, Compliance, and Critical Thinking in Special Education Classrooms
Authors: Padía Lilly B.
Published: June 2019

Special educators are tasked with teaching students with disabilities to understand and adhere to social norms for their own safety and acceptance in society. This chapter explores ways special educators can teach critical thinking alongside these social and cultural norms in order to support student agency. One special educator shares her experiences working with students with disabilities in urban public schools as she grapples with teaching her students what they need to know to be safe, while also teaching to challenge oppressive social and behavioral expectations.
Green Consumer Behavior and Its Implications on Brand Marketing Strategy
Authors: Peneda de Oliveira Catarina , Sousa Bruno Miguel
Published: June 2019

The current pollution and possible depletion of earth's natural resources combined with the growing concern in choosing healthier and environmentally friendly foods and gives origin to a new way of consumption: green consumption. Therefore, organizations have identified this business opportunity leading to the emergence of several brands related to the commerce of these kinds of products. Through a qualitative methodology of five semi-structured interviews, an attempt was made to understand how the strategy of product, price, communication, and distribution of these brands seek to influence consumer behavior and educate consumers to act in a sustainable way. The results show that clients are largely young-adult, female, with small children and above-average education and income. In terms of strategy, the brands currently bet on the sale in bulk as a way to avoid waste of product and packaging. The main concepts addressed in this chapter are consumer behavior, green consumer, and green marketing, and also by marketing compound strategy.
Analyzing the Impact of Green Marketing Strategies on the Financial and Non-Financial Performance of Organizations
Authors: Popescu Cristina Raluca G.
Published: June 2019

Green marketing strategies have the immense power of motivating both consumers and producers to get involved in saving the planet and, at the same time, to benefit from the potential of eco-friendly products while satisfying their needs. On one hand, this chapter reviews the theory on green marketing strategies, and on the other hand, it focuses on the manner in which organizations can obtain financial and non-financial performance with the aid of green marketing strategies mix. This study reports that intellectual capital factor plays a key role in discovering the optimum green marketing strategies mix, also placing natural capital among the notable capital factors that empower organizations' activities and strengthen their visibility on the marketplace. The quantitative and qualitative indicators that have been analyzed highlight the main economic, social, and environmental effects of business practices in Romania. The findings provide some interesting clues regarding the impact of intellectual capital and green marketing strategies on organizational performance.
Building an Effective Approach toward Intrusion Detection Using Ensemble Feature Selection
Authors: Shukla Alok Kumar , Singh Pradeep
Published: June 2019

The duplicate and insignificant features present in the data set to cause a long-term problem in the classification of network or web traffic. The insignificant features not only decrease the classification performance but also prevent a classifier from making accurate decisions, exclusively when substantial volumes of data are managed. In this article, the author introduced an ensemble feature selection (EFS) technique, where multiple homogeneous feature selection (FS) methods are combined to choose the optimal subset of relevant and non-redundant features. An intrusion detection system, named support vector machine-based IDS (SVM-IDS), is prompted using the feature selected by the proposed method. The SVM-IDS performance is evaluated using two benchmark datasets of intrusion detection, including KDD Cup 99 and NSL-KDD. Our proposed method provided more significant features for SVM-IDS and compared with the other state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate that proposed method achieves a maximum accuracy as 98.95% in KDD Cup 99 data set and 98.12% in the NSL-KDD data set.
Extracting and Summarizing the Commonly Faced Security Issues from Community Question Answering Site
Authors: Singh Abhishek Kumar , Nagwani Naresh Kumar , Pandey Sudhakar
Published: June 2019

Community question-answering (CQA) sites are popular as information-seeking platforms where users communicate to their peers. Security-related posts are gaining popularity with the rapid development of information technology in these sites and. CQA sites contains wide range of posts from classic cryptography to recently popular mobile security. Investigating such posts can be useful for researchers, teachers and developers. In this article, spectral clustering and frequent term-based summarization techniques are proposed for security related posts. The proposed method is developed in three stages. In the first stage, security related folksonomies are created and security post profile matrix is built with the help of tag frequency-inverse security post frequency. In the second stage, security related posts are grouped with help of spectral clustering algorithms. Finally, in the third stage, frequent terms are extracted from each cluster for security related post summarization with the help of frequent words and semantic similarity.
A Priority Based Efficient Secure Framework for WBANs
Authors: Pathak Vinay
Published: June 2019

In this article, the authors propose a system to gather patient information continuously, perform proper non-intrusive checking, and propose restorative or potentially way of life engagements, at whatever point required and proper. The structure, which depends on administration arranged service as application(SOAs) and the Cloud, permits a consistent combination of various innovations, applications, also, administrations. It additionally integrates mobile advances to easily gather, convey imperative information from a patient's wearable biosensors while considering a cell phones' restricted abilities and control seepage, notwithstanding discontinuous system detachments. At that point, information is put away in the Cloud and made accessible by means of SOA to permit access by doctors, paramedics, or other approved authorities. A contextual investigation has been created to assess the convenience of the structure, and the preparatory outcomes that have been broken down are demonstrating exceptionally encouraging outcomes. To secure the data transmission, they have applied identity-based data encryption scheme. It enhances the security in the authors' framework.
The Functional Requirement for CD69 in Establishment of Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells Varies with Tissue Location
Authors: Walsh Daniel A. , Borges da Silva Henrique , Beura Lalit K. , Peng Changwei , Hamilton Sara E. , Masopust David , Jameson Stephen C.
Published: June 2019

Recent studies have characterized populations of memory CD8+ T cells that do not recirculate through the blood but are, instead, retained in nonlymphoid tissues. Such CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are critical for pathogen control at barrier sites. Identifying TRM and defining the basis for their tissue residency is therefore of considerable importance for understanding protective immunity and improved vaccine design. Expression of the molecule CD69 is widely used as a definitive marker for TRM, yet it is unclear whether CD69 is universally required for producing or retaining TRM. Using multiple mouse models of acute immunization, we found that the functional requirement for CD69 was highly variable, depending on the tissue examined, playing no detectable role in generation of TRM at some sites (such as the small intestine), whereas CD69 was critical for establishing resident cells in the kidney. Likewise, forced expression of CD69 (but not expression of a CD69 mutant unable to bind the egress factor S1PR1) promoted CD8+ TRM generation in the kidney but not in other tissues. Our findings indicate that the functional relevance of CD69 in generation and maintenance of CD8+ TRM varies considerably, chiefly dependent on the specific nonlymphoid tissue studied. Together with previous reports that suggest uncoupling of CD69 expression and tissue residency, these findings prompt caution in reliance on CD69 expression as a consistent marker of CD8+ TRM.
Cutting Edge: TAK1 Safeguards Macrophages against Proinflammatory Cell Death
Authors: Sanjo Hideki , Nakayama Jun , Yoshizawa Takahiro , Fehling Hans Joerg , Akira Shizuo , Taki Shinsuke
Published: June 2019

TGF-β–activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is known to play vital roles for innate and adaptive immunity; however, little is known about its potential role in limiting biological responses such as inflammation. In this study, we report that macrophage TAK1 participates in negatively regulating inflammation by restraining proinflammatory cell death. Macrophages from TAK1-deficient mice underwent cell death in response to LPS and poly(I:C), which took place in a manner dependent on TLR/TRIF-induced active Caspase8-mediated cleavage of gasdermin D, known as an executioner of pyroptosis. Likewise, TNF-α induced Caspase8-dependent gasdermin D processing following cell death in TAK1-deficient macrophages. Importantly, we demonstrated that this type of proinflammatory macrophage death is linked to susceptibility to septic shock in mice lacking TAK1 in macrophages in a TNF-α–independent fashion. Taken together, our data revealed that TAK1 acts as a signaling checkpoint to protect macrophages from unique proinflammatory cell death, ensuring the maintenance of innate immune homeostasis.
The effects of manual hyperflation using self-inflating manual resuscitation bags on arterial oxygen tensions and lung compliance - Ameta-analysis of the literature
Authors: Barker M. , Eales C. J.
Published: June 2019

The self-inflating manual resuscitation bag (MRB) is a modality which is commonly used by physiotherapists to manually hyperinflate the lungs of mechanically ventilated patients. There is limited scientific evidence to support its therapeutic use and the literature is not in agreement as to the effects of manual hyperinflation. A meta-analysis of the current research on humans has been conducted to investigate the effects of this modality on arterial oxygen tensions and lung compliance. All published studies evaluating the effects of manual hyperinflation (or bagging) on arterial oxygen tensions and/or lung compliance on mechanically ventilated patients have been retrieved. Only studies which reported results in terms of mean values and standard deviation or standard error of the mean could be used in this analysis. Eleven studies were identified between the time period 1968 -1995. Seven of these studies fitted the inclusion criteria. The mean and standard error of the mean values for arterial oxygen tensions (Pa02) and lung compliance (CL) have been used to calculate the 95% confidence intervals and these results were plotted on a graph. A comparative analysis has been performed on the results of the seven studies. A generally non-significant association between bagging and the Pa02 and CL values was demonstrated. Great discrepancies were identified in the designs of the seven included studies. Since the seven studies included in this meta-analysis show an overall non-significant association, it is reasonable to assume that the therapeutic value of the self-inflating manual resuscitation bag is questionable. The studies presented such divergent designs that they do not offer conclusive evidence. More standardized, multi-centre studies are required to clarify the therapeutic value of this modality. Other methods of recruiting the lungs of critically ill patients during and after physiotherapy intervention, need to be explored.
The role of prophylactic chest physiotherapy after cardiac valvular surgery: Is there one ?
Authors: De Charmoy S. B. , Eales C. J.
Published: June 2019

A study was conducted to investigate whether there is a role for prophylactic chest physiotherapy in preventing pulmonary complications in-patients undergoing uncomplicated cardiac valvular surgery. 'Thirty patients were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in group I (n = 14) received instructions that they should cough after their operation and that they should get out of bed on the second post-operative day. The patients in group 2 (n = 16) were seen pre-operatively and treated post-operatively by a physiotherapist. The treatment consisted of breathing exercises, supported coughing and assistance with walking from the second post-operative day. These patients were seen twice daily on the first and second post-operative days and once daily on the third and fourth post-operative days. No patients in either group developed a pulmonary complication during their post-operative hospital stay. The incidence of hypoxaemia, chest X-ray abnormalities and length of post-operative stay were not significantly higher for the control group. The findings of this study suggest that the role of prophylactic chest physiotherapy following cardiac valvular surgery is questionable.