bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YIPF5 Is Essential for Innate Immunity to DNA Virus and Facilitates COPII-Dependent STING Trafficking
Authors: Ran Yong , Xiong Mei-guang , Xu Zhi-sheng , Luo Wei-wei , Wang Su-yun , Wang Yan-Yi
Published: August 2019

STING plays central roles in the innate immune response to pathogens that contain DNA. Sensing cytoplasmic DNA by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase produces cyclic GMP-AMP, which binds to and activates STING and induces STING translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the perinuclear microsome. However, this trafficking process has not been fully elucidated yet. In this study, we identified YIPF5 as a positive regulator of STING trafficking. YIPF5 is essential for DNA virus- or intracellular DNA-triggered production of type I IFNs. Consistently, knockdown of YIPF5 impairs cellular antiviral responses to DNA virus. Mechanistically, YIPF5 interacts with both STING and components of COPII, facilitating STING recruitment to COPII in the presence of cytoplasmic dsDNA. Furthermore, knockdown of components of COPII inhibits DNA virus-triggered production of type I IFNs, suggesting that COPII is involved in innate immune responses to DNA viruses. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that YIPF5 positively regulates STING-mediated innate immune responses by recruiting STING to COPII-coated vesicles and facilitating STING trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi, providing important insights into the molecular mechanisms of intracellular DNA-stimulated STING trafficking and activation.
Ten-Year Epidemiology of Ankle Injuries in Men's and Women's Collegiate Soccer Players
Authors: Gulbrandsen Matthew , Hartigan David E. , Patel Karan A. , Makovicka Justin L , Tummala Sailesh V , Chhabra Anikar
Published: August 2019

Context

Data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) have indicated that ankle injuries are the most common injuries among NCAA soccer players.

Objective

To review 10 years of NCAA-ISP data for soccer players' ankle injuries to understand how the time period (2004–2005 through 2008–2009 versus 2009–2010 through 2013–2014), anatomical structure injured, and sex of the athlete affected the injury rate, mechanism, and prognosis.

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting

Online injury surveillance.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The NCAA-ISP was queried for men's and women's soccer ankle data from 2004 to 2014. Ankle-injury rates were calculated on the basis of injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures. Rate ratios (RRs) were used to compare injury rates. Injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were used to compare injury characteristics.

Results

When compared with the 2004–2005 through 2008–2009 seasons, the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 seasons showed a similar rate of injuries (RR = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85, 1.04) but fewer days missed (P < .001) and fewer recurrent injuries (IPR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.41, 0.74). The 4 most common ankle injuries, which accounted for 95% of ankle injuries, were lateral ligament complex tears (65.67%), tibiofibular ligament (high ankle) sprains (10.3%), contusions (10.1%), and medial (deltoid) ligament tears (9.77%). Of these injuries, high ankle sprains were most likely to cause athletes to miss ≥30 days (IPR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.24, 2.90). Men and women had similar injury rates (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.94, 1.11). Men had more contact injuries (IPR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.41) and contusion injuries (IPR = 1.34, CI = 1.03, 1.73) but fewer noncontact injuries (IPR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.95) and lateral ligamentous complex injuries (IPR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86, 0.98).

Conclusions

Although the rate of ankle injuries did not change between the 2004–2005 through 2008–2009 seasons and the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 seasons, the prognoses improved. Among the 4 most common ankle injuries, high ankle sprains resulted in the worst prognosis. Overall, male and female NCAA soccer players injured their ankles at similar rates; however, men were more likely to sustain contact injuries.
Free intraperitoneal air on paediatric plain radiographs and differentiating this from a 'food mound'
Authors: Andronikou S. , Welman C. , Kader E.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
An unusual congenital pulmonary arterio-venous fistula
Authors: Davies J. Q. , Andronikou S. , Lawrenson J.
Published: August 2019

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are rare causes of a cardiac murmur in the paediatric population. They are caused by abnormal communications between pulmonary arteries and veins that are most commonly congenital in nature. Although these lesions are fairly uncommon, they are an important differential diagnosis to consider in patients with common pulmonary problems such as hypoxaemia and/or a pulmonary nodule(s). This report illustrates the clinical presentation, radiological features and pathological findings in an eight-month-old boy.
A midline nasopharyngeal cystic structure: Thornwaldt's cyst
Authors: Drosten Ralph
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Delayed computed tomography appearances of hypoxic ischaemic injury in premature neonates
Authors: Andronikou Savvas , Welman Chris , Kader Ebrahim
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Integration of the MEDITEC system in the Radiology Department of the University of the Free State
Authors: Fourie J. , Laubscher R.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Placement of tunnelled silicone haemodialysis catheters in a radiology intervention unit
Authors: Bartlett J. H. , Loggenberg E. , De Vries C. S.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Rural-urban dynamics in the UK illegal puppy trade: Trafficking and trade in 'man's best friend'
Authors: Maher Jennifer A , Wyatt Tanya
Published: August 2019

Recently, much attention has been given to the presence and increase of transnational crime, particularly focusing on online illicit markets. A seldom-explored aspect of transnational online illicit markets is the rural to urban flow of the illicit goods. This paper details research on the UK puppy trade, documenting the movement of puppies reared in irresponsible and/or illegal conditions in rural locations and then advertised online for the urban market. Through analysis of online advertisements in Scotland and expert interviews, a stakeholder survey, and focus groups across Great Britain, we document the rural-urban dynamic of an overlooked transnational illicit market, a market facilitated by neo-liberalism and speciesism. While estimates on the value of the trade are problematic, the snapshot of online sales in Scotland alone suggests a marketplace with an annual value of at least £13 million (17,680 puppies). The cost of animal suffering associated with this trade is incalculable. Awareness must be raised and regulatory enforcement improved to reduce suffering and stop transnational criminals from profiting. This rural-urban dynamic presents a global challenge and demands an international response.
Equal or unequal opportunities within the criminal justice system from a rural and regional perspective
Authors: Nicholson John
Published: August 2019

Approximately a third of NSW criminal charges are dealt with in rural and regional courts.  About a third of prisoners in NSW goals come from rural and regional NSW.  However, resources – legal and therapeutic – available for rural and regional defendants do not match those available for offenders located in metropolitan areas.  Twenty-one significant disparities are identified.  Three sources of these disparities are also identified – court proceedings, geographical remoteness, and government failures.  The majority of identified disparities, it is argued, is attributable to government failure.  Recent changes to sentencing law and practices in the administration of sentences are looked at from a rural perspective and potential new and continuing disparities are identified.  The limitations arising from the disparities to the exercise of judicial discretion with a rural setting are explained particularly with reference to sentencing.
NSW Police Force and rural crime
Authors: McKechnie Geoff
Published: August 2019

Rural crime has a financial, emotional and physical impact on its victims, their family and the community. Often the victims are isolated, their livestock and equipment are extremely valuable and their rural properties are a family business handed down from generation to generation, with the families working hard and making large sacrifices to keep their business profitable and able to supply the greater community with quality produce.

The direction of the NSW Police Force towards rural crime has evolved over the past 70 years. The renewed focus and creation of the Rural Crime Prevention Team is a significant enhancement on our ability to target rural crime within NSW.

This article discusses the history of the NSW Police Force involvement in rural crime and, particularly, the approaches taken by the Rural Crime Prevention Team since December 2017
Quantifying the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the East Asian winter monsoon in 1960–2012
Authors: Hao Xin , He Shengping , Wang Huijun , Han Tingting
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) is greatly influenced by many factors
that can be classified as anthropogenic forcing and natural forcing. Here we
explore the contribution of anthropogenic influence to the change in the
EAWM over the past decades. Under all forcings observed during 1960–2013
(All-Hist run), the atmospheric general circulation model is able to
reproduce the climatology and variability of the EAWM-related surface air
temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height and shows a statistically
significant decreasing EAWM intensity with a trend coefficient of
∼-0.04 yr−1, which is close to the observed trend. By
contrast, the simulation, which is driven by the same forcing as the All-Hist
run but with the anthropogenic contribution to them removed, shows no
decreasing trend in the EAWM intensity. By comparing the simulations under
two different forcing scenarios, we further reveal that the responses of the
EAWM to the anthropogenic forcing include a rise of 0.6∘ in surface
air temperature over East Asia as well as weakening of the East Asian
trough, which may result from the poleward expansion and intensification of
the East Asian jet forced by the change in temperature gradient in the
troposphere. Additionally, compared with the simulation without
anthropogenic forcing, the frequency of strong (weak) EAWM occurrence is
reduced (increased) by 45 % (from 0 to 10/7). These results indicate that
the weakening of the EAWM during 1960–2013 may be mainly attributed to the
anthropogenic influence.
DRIFTS peaks as measured pool size proxy to reduce parameter uncertainty of soil organic matter models
Authors: Laub Moritz , Demyan Michael Scott , Nkwain Yvonne Funkuin , Blagodatsky Sergey , Kätterer Thomas , Piepho Hans-Peter , Cadisch Georg
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The initialization of soil organic matter (SOM) turnover models has been a challenge for decades. Instead of using laborious and error prone size-density fractionation SOM pool partitioning, we propose the inexpensive, rapid, and non destructive Diffuse reflectance mid infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) technique on bulk soil samples to gain information on SOM pool partitioning from the spectra. Specifically, the DRIFTS stability index, defined as the ratio of aliphatic C-H (2930 cm−1) to aromatic C=C (1620 cm−1) stretching vibrations, was used to divide SOM into fast and slow cycling pools in the soil organic module of the DAISY model. Long-term bare fallow plots from Bad Lauchstädt (Chernozem, 25 years) and the Ultuna frame trial in Sweden (Cambisol, 50 years) were combined with bare fallow plots of 7 years duration in the Kraichgau and Swabian Jura region in Southwest Germany (Luvisols). All fields had been in agricultural use for centuries before fallow establishment, so classical theory would suggest an initial steady state of SOM, which was hence used to compare the performance of DAISY initializations against the newly established DRIFTS stability index. The test was done using two different published parameter sets (2.7 × 10−6 d−1, 1.4 × 10−4 d−1, 0.1 compared to 4.3 × 10−5 d−1, 1.4 × 10−4 d−1, 0.3 for the turnover rates of slow pool, fast pool and humification efficiency, respectively). The DRIFTS initialization of SOM pools significantly reduced model errors of poor performing model runs assuming steady state, irrespective of the turnover rates used, but the faster turnover parameter set fit better to all sites except Bad Lauchstädt. This suggests that soils under long-term agricultural use were not necessarily at steady state. A Bayesian calibration was applied in a next step to identify the best-fitting turnover rates for the DRIFTS stability index in DAISY, both for each site individually and for a combination of all sites. The two approaches which significantly reduced parameter uncertainty and equifinality were: (1) the addition of the physico-chemically based DRIFTS stability index, and (2) combining several sites into one Bayesian calibration, as derived turnover rates can be strongly site specific. The combination of all four sites showed that SOM is likely lost at relatively fast turnover rates with the 95 % credibility intervals of the slow SOM pools half life ranging from 278 to 1095 years, with 426 years as a value of highest probability density. The credibility intervals of this study were consistent with several recently published Bayesian calibrations of similar SOM models, all turnover rates were considerably faster than earlier models suggested. It is therefore likely that published turnover rates understimate the potential loss of SOM.
The destiny of orogen-parallel streams in the Eastern Alps: the Salzach–Enns drainage system
Authors: Trost Georg , Robl Jörg , Hergarten Stefan , Neubauer Franz
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The evolution of the drainage system in the Eastern Alps is inherently linked to different tectonic stages of the alpine orogeny. Crustal scale faults imposed east-directed orogen parallel flow on major rivers, whereas late orogenic surface uplift increased topographic gradients between foreland and range and hence the vulnerability of such rivers to be captured. This leads to a situation where major orogen-parallel alpine rivers such as the Salzach River or the Enns River are characterized by elongated east-west oriented catchments south of the proposed capture points, whereby almost the entire drainage area is located west of the capture point. To determine the current stability of drainage divides and to predict the potential direction of divide migration, we analyzed their geometry at catchment, headwater and hillslope scale. Therefore, we employ chi mapping for different base levels, generalized swath profiles along drainage divides and Gilbert metrics. Our results show that almost all drainage divides are asymmetric with steeper channels west and flatter channels east of a common drainage divide. Interpreting these results, we propose that drainage divides migrate from west towards east, so that the Inn catchment grows on expense of the Salzach catchment and the Salzach catchment consumes the westernmost tributaries of the Mur and Enns catchments. While Gilbert metrics show the same trend at hillslope scale at the Salzach–Enns and Salzach–Mur drainage divide, they show no significant asymmetry at the Inn–Salzach drainage divide. As topography at the latter divide is dominated by glacial landforms such as cirques and U-shaped valleys, we interpret the missing hillslope scale asymmetry of this divide as a result of Pleistocene climate modulations, which locally obscured the large-scale signal of drainage network reorganization. We suggest that the east-directed divide migration progressively leads to symmetric catchment geometries, where eventually tributaries west and east of the capture point contribute equally to the drainage area. To test this assumption we have reconstructed the proposed drainage network for different time slices. Chi mapping of these reconstructed drainage networks indicates a progressive stability of the network topology in the Eastern Alps towards the present-day situation.
Improving the understanding of flood risk in the Alsatian region by knowledge capitalization: the ORRION participative observatory
Authors: Giacona Florie , Martin Brice , Furst Benjamin , Glaser Rüdiger , Eckert Nicolas , Himmelsbach Iso , Edelblutte Charlotte
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Despite the strong societal impact of natural hazards,
their documentation remains incomplete, with only a few inventories
exceeding the past two centuries. Surprisingly enough, this also applies to
Europe, a densely populated territory, and to floods, which along with
storms are the most common and damage-causing natural hazard in Europe. In
addition, existing inventories have often been compiled by scientists and
technicians and are used for risk management in a top-down manner, although
the participation of all parties concerned has been recognized as a key
factor for disaster reduction. To address this double paradox, the present
article presents the regional flood risk observatory ORRION for the Alsatian
region, north-eastern France, and its very rich data content. Stemming from
two successive interdisciplinary and transnational French–German research
projects, ORRION was designed as a participative online platform on which
information is shared between individuals, stakeholders, engineers, and
scientists. This original approach aims at maximizing knowledge
capitalization and contributes to building a common knowledge base for flood
risk. ORRION is organized by events including all river floods that have
likely arisen from a single synoptic situation. For each event, it documents
information sources, date of occurrence, causes, and consequences in terms
of damage and affected river basins and municipalities. ORRION has contributed
toward renewing our knowledge of flood hazard and risk in the target area.
Notably, here, long chronicles of floods are derived for 13 rivers, the
Rhine and most of its main Alsatian tributaries and for all Alsatian
municipalities, most of them since the end of the 15th century but
over more than one millennium for the Rhine. Their main characteristics
according to various typologies (seasonality, causes, severity, etc.) are
analysed. Major developments over the study period related to sources, land
use, and/or climate change are identified. The advantages and limitations of
the approach are discussed, and the potential to expand both data
exploitation and build common flood risk knowledge is outlined.
Statistical analysis for satellite-index-based insurance to define damaged pasture thresholds
Authors: Martín-Sotoca Juan José , Saa-Requejo Antonio , Moratiel Rubén , Dalezios Nicolas , Faraslis Ioannis , Tarquis Ana María
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Vegetation indices based on satellite images, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), have been used in countries like the USA, Canada and Spain for damaged pasture and forage insurance over the last few years. This type of agricultural insurance is called satellite-index-based insurance (SIBI). In SIBI, the occurrence of damage is defined as normal distributions. In this work a pasture area at the north of the Community of Madrid (Spain) has been delimited by means of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. A statistical analysis of NDVI histograms was applied to seek for alternative distributions using the maximum likelihood method and χ2 test. The results show that the normal distribution is not the optimal representation and the generalized extreme value (GEV)
distribution presents a better fit through the year based on a quality
estimator. A comparison between normal and GEV is shown with respect to the
probability under a NDVI threshold value throughout the year. This suggests that
an a priori distribution should not be selected and a percentile methodology
should be used to define a NDVI damage threshold rather than the average and
standard deviation, typically of normal distributions. Highlights.
The GEV distribution provides better fit to the NDVI historical observations than the normal one.
Differences between normal and GEV distributions are higher during spring and autumn, which are transition periods in the precipitation regimen. NDVI damage threshold shows evident differences using normal and GEV distributions both covering the same probability (24.20 %). NDVI damage threshold values based on percentile calculation are proposed as an improvement in the index-based insurance in damaged pasture.
Italian Tsunami Effects Database (ITED): the first database of tsunami effects observed along
the Italian coasts
Authors: Maramai Alessandra , Graziani Laura , Brizuela Beatriz
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Italian Tsunami Effects Database (ITED), consists of an ensemble of records reporting tsunami effects observed at several Observation Points (OP) along the Italian coasts from historical times. ITED was compiled starting from the Euro Mediterranean Tsunami Catalogue (EMTC) and it focuses on the propagation effects observed along the Italian coasts, providing information on how each locality was interested by tsunami effects over time. The effects reported in ITED are related to tsunamis occurred within the Italian territory and contained in the EMTC; these events were excerpt, analyzed and updated according to recent studies published in literature. The database can be accessed through a web GIS application, that displays the location of the OPs indicating for each of them the description of tsunami effects found in literature and the corresponding bibliographic references as well as the metrics related to the observed event. Based on those descriptions, the estimate value of the tsunami intensity has been assigned to each OP, according to both the Sieberg-Ambraseys and the Papadopoulos-Imamura scales. All the ITED data, including quantitative data such as runup, inundation, withdrawal, can be retrieved by accessing online the database through the WebApp that was expressly designed and built for this purpose. ITED contains 300 observations of tsunami effects at 225 OPs referred to 186 Italian main localities, hereafter called Place Name (PN) related to 72 Italian tsunamis. The database provides also the tsunami-history for each PN, allowing the end user to have a complete picture of how the PN is prone to tsunami effects.The realization of ITED was also the occasion to update Italian tsunamis contained in the EMTC, leading to the release of a new version of the EMTC catalogue, named EMTC2.0. ITED was specifically built to meet the needs of the tsunami hazard community, thus providing useful information that can improve the knowledge on how much the national territory is exposed to tsunami risk.
Malas madres. De brujas voraces a fantasmas letales
Authors: Tausiet María
Published: August 2019

El miedo a las mujeres se expresó desde antiguo en la figura de la madre insensible y cruel, capaz de arrebatar la vida a sus hijos. Desde la Medea griega, el mito de la infanticida terminó plasmándose en la Europa Moderna en las brujas devoradoras de niños. Entre los arquetipos extremos de la madre-bruja asesina y la madre idealizada, se sitúa un tipo de maldad ambigua y sutil: la de la madre dominante que, aunque no elimina a sus hijos físicamente, ejerce una influencia debilitadora y maligna sobre ellos. El tabú de las malas madres afloró tímidamente en la literatura europea desde la Edad Media, para alcanzar su expresión más refinada con el auge de la narrativa gótica y el Romanticismo.
IMPORTANCE OF SYNERGISM FOR DEGRADATION OF ELASTOMERS IN COMBINED RADIATION PLUS TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Gillen Kenneth T.
Published: August 2019

Understanding the importance of synergistic effects that occur in combined radiation (dose rate R) plus thermal aging (temperature T) environments has been of interest for many years. Although suggested approaches for achieving this objective are contained in two recent international publications, the validity of these approaches is questioned. A new approach is described based on chemical kinetic principles, and applied to elongation data for two elastomeric materials: a chloroprene and a chlorosulfonated polyethylene. At low temperatures and high dose rates, the chemistry from radiation-initiation totally dominates the degradation, leading to the rate constant kR in the radiation limit. This rate constant is shown to be independent of temperature as long as the dose rate at that temperature is high enough to reach radiation-limit conditions. For combined environment experiments at R + T, this result, added to the rate constant kT appropriate to the thermal limit (obtained from thermal-only exposures), leads to the combined environment rate constant expected in the absence of synergism. Comparing this result to the experimental combined environment rate constant kR+T leads to quantitative estimates of synergism across (R-T) space. Important synergistic effects are found for both materials.
The Determinants of Retail Pharmacists Retention With a Mediating Effect of Continuance Commitment
Authors: Azmi Izzati , Sharkawi Sharizan , Adha Nor Intan
Published: August 2019

The turnover of employees is the most challenging issue facing by the organization. Retail pharmacy industry in Malaysia is also facing the same issue, especially for pharmacist position. According to the interview conducted with one of the biggest retail pharmacies in Malaysia, in 2018, 20% of their pharmacists resigned and reluctant to stay even they were offered with a higher salary or better benefits. A skilled and experienced pharmacist is very important in a pharmacy and any other health care center because they are dealing with a patient's health and safety. Newly graduate pharmacist might cause medication errors and increase the risk of patient’s safety. 155 pharmacists will be selected for this study. The sample for this study is the retail pharmacist who works in Negeri Sembilan and Pahang state. This research will focus to identify which factors (transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and procedural justice) have the most significant influences on a retail pharmacist's retention. In addition, this study will also investigate a mediating effect of continuance commitment towards the independent and dependent variables. The descriptive research design will be used as the structure of this research. This study will use the established instruments from the relevant research journal instead of developing own questions. The collected data and information from the respondents will be analyzed by using SPSS software.
Percepción del Personal de Salud sobre la calidad de la atención de adolescentes que abusan de drogas
Authors: Juárez Cristina Gloribel , García Mirna Maribel , Marquina Ana Milena
Published: August 2019

En El Salvador los y las adolescentes constituyen la población que más consume droga, lo que representa un gran desafío para el Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador, entidad responsable de formular políticas que aseguren una atención de calidad. En la última década el país ha realizado grandes esfuerzos en el  área pero aún no cuenta con un mecanismo para verificar el cumplimiento de protocolos de atención para evaluar la calidad de los servicios brindados. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la percepción del personal que labora en la unidad de salud de la región metropolitana de El Salvador, respecto a la calidad de atención que brinda a los y las adolescentes que consultan por abuso de droga. Está investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y de corte transversal se realizó en las 35 unidades de salud de la región metropolitana utilizando un cuestionario de 24 preguntas distribuidas en 3 secciones y realizando la prueba binomial para contrastar la significación de los datos. De acuerdo a los resultados, se encontró que no se cuenta con el personal idóneo ni con un equipo disciplinario para la atención de los adolescentes. Sin embargo el personal asignado confirmo brindar el servicio con calidez, respeto, y confidencialidad un dato importante es que no se aplican los protocolos de atención establecidos. En general, la calidad de atención que se brinda no es adecuada y se hace necesario tomar medidas correctivas, para lo cual se hacen recomendaciones a las instancias pertinentes.
Stratigraphy and Depositional Model of Palaeogene Dongying Braided-River Delta Sandstones, L Field, Bohai Bay Basin, Offshore Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Qianping , Liu Zongbin , Liao Xinwu , Li Hongying , Liu Yujuan , Zheng Bin
Published: August 2019

Fluid production of L field, Bohai Bay Basin, offshore eastern China is mainly from the Palaeogene Dongying D interval. The stratigraphy framework and depositional model of the braided-river delta system within the D interval are investigated using seismic, well log, core data and production response. The D interval is interpreted as having been deposited in a lowstand system tract. And two progradational successions are recognized, including in ascending order the D2 and D1. The younger sandstone in the D1 interval is of greater thickness and larger distribution area than the elder sandstone in the D2 interval. Six core facies and five log patterns are recognized and interpreted to be underwater distributary channels, levees, overbank splays, mouth bars, sheet sand and shalier interchannel deposits. Channel deposits occur along the trend of thickest D2 and D1 sandstones. The sandstones that flank each side of the channel deposits are interpreted to be levee and overbank splay deposits. The sandstones that develop at terminal distributary channel mouth are interpreted to be mouth bar and sheet sand deposits. Channel-flank deposits can form good-quality reservoir sandstones, but they contain interbedded siltstones and thus have lower porosity and permeability than do channel deposits. The facies distributions predicted for the D interval match trends of the daily total fluid production. Knowledge gained from study of the L field has application to the development of other fields with similar depositional and diagenetic histories.
Assessing Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefits and Rationality of Exercising Reset Options in Variable Annuities
Authors: Jones Riley , Ocejo Adriana
Published: August 2019

A variable annuity is an equity-linked financial product typically offered by insurance companies. The policyholder makes an upfront payment to the insurance company and, in return, the insurer is required to make a series of payments starting at an agreed upon date. For a higher premium, many insurance companies offer additional guarantees or options which protect policyholders from various market risks. This research is centered around two of these options: the guaranteed minimum income benefit (GMIB) and the reset option. The sensitivity of various parameters on the value of the GMIB is explored, particularly the guaranteed payment rate set by the insurer. Additionally, a critical value for future interest rates is calculated to determine the rationality of exercising the reset option. This will be able to provide insight to both the policyholder and policy writer on how their future projections on the performance of the stock market and interest rates should guide their respective actions of exercising and pricing variable annuity options. This can help provide details into the value of adding options to a variable annuity for companies that are looking to make variable annuity policies more attractive in a competitive market.
Actual and Relative Soil Air Permeability as Soil Physical Quality Index
Authors: Carvalho Ian Carlos Bispo de , Brito Alexsandro dos Santos , Matos Kaique Oliveira , Jesus Marcelo Couto de
Published: August 2019

Developing indices to evaluate soil physical quality can facilitate diagnosis and decision-making. In this context, intrinsic soil air permeability (Kair) is a physical parameter very sensitive to structural changes due to soil management. However, it is important to establish a standard Kair, considering a reference soil physical state. Thus, the present study proposes to create an index called relative soil air permeability (Kairr), taking as reference the physical state of maximum bulk density, obtained by normal Proctor test. Kairr is the ratio between compacted soil air permeability (Kairc) and actual soil air permeability (Kair). Kairr was evaluated using disturbed and undisturbed samples of a Latossolo and a Planossolo. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments (T1-Latossolo 0-0.1 m; T2-Latossolo 0.1-0.2 m; T3-Planossolo 0-0.1 m and T4-Planossolo 0.1-0.2 m) and eight replicates. Kairr was equal to 0.1032 and 0.3547 in the Latossolo and to 0.4115 and 0.1923 in the Planossolo, in the 0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m layers, respectively. These characteristic values observed in both soils and layers are due to the management adopted in the area. In Latossolo, the use of medium harrow has made the 0.1-0.2 m layer more restrictive to air movement, whereas the Planossolo showed lower values of relative soil air permeability in the 0-0.1 m layer due to animal grazing, which has greater impact on the superficial portion of the soil.
Fluctuations of Production and Quality of Bananas Under Marginal Tropical Climate
Authors: Lima Juliana Domingues , Fukunaga Fernanda Emiko , Gomes Eduardo Nardini , Rozane Danilo Eduardo , Silva Silvia Helena Modenese Gorla da , Moraes Wilson da Silva , Oliveira Cibelle Tamiris de
Published: August 2019

The knowledge of the inter-seasonal fluctuations in characteristics of fruit quality and production is important for management of plants, prediction of yield and marketing strategies. This study aims to evaluate how the climatic conditions prevailing in the month of harvest impact bunch mass and variability of the size and color of the banana fruit ‘Nanica’ and ‘Prata’ cultivated under marginal tropical climate. The experiments were carried in Registro, Ribeira Valley region, São Paulo, Brazil, in a completely randomized design with 24 treatments (months of bunch harvest) and ten replications, for each cultivar. Cyclic seasonal fluctuations in production were found in for the two cultivars, with the lowest bunch mass (BM), fruit size consistently recorded between July and February associated with lower global solar radiation (Rad) and temperature (T) of the harvest month, but not precipitation (Ppt). The extension of monthly fluctuations in BM were similar to ‘Prata’ (18.95±3.31 kg) and ‘Nanica’ (29.51±4.69 kg). Independent of the harvest month, there was a trend of greater variability for fruit length (FL) and lower for fruit diameter (FD) between fruits of the different positions in the bunch. The correlations between Rad or T of harvest month with BM, FL, FD and SL were all positive. For both cultivars, the shelf life (SL) was longer for fruits of the last hand. There were also positive correlations between Rad or T with SL. The decrease of peel color characteristics of the ‘Nanica’ fruit was associated with cold fronts from autumn to spring and chilling injury, with higher intensity in the last hand.
Allelopathy of Cover Crops on the Germination and Initial Development of Euphorbia heterophylla
Authors: Bianchini Alexandre , Moraes Pedro Valério Dutra de , Jakubski Juliana Domanski , Rankrape Cristiana Bernardi , Gadyel Elyoenay , Schuster Maira Cristina , Rossi Patricia
Published: August 2019

Cover crop is a important way for weed management in agriculture. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of the aerial part of Avena strigosa, Cichorium intybus, Chenopodium quinoa and Fagopyrum esculentum in different concentrations on the germination and development of Euphorbia heterophylla. The experimental design was completely randomized, in factorial 4 × 5 with four replicates. Factor A-aqueous extracts of the aerial part of the cover plants and factor B-concentrations of 0%; 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%. A total of 25 E. heterophylla seeds, arranged in gerboxes, were used and 15 ml of the extracts were added according to the treatments. The germination test was performed in a growth chamber (BOD) with photoperiod of 12/12 light/dark hours and constant temperature of 25±1 °C. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test, a comparison was made between means and the concentration factor of the extracts and the regression analysis. The C. quinoa aqueous extracts (10%) presented greater allelopathic potential than the other extracts in the variables tested for E. heterophylla. C. intybus presented allelophatic potential with results superior to A. strigosa and F. esculentum. The C. quinoa and C. intybus extracts have allelopathic potential when compared to the control with the highest dose (10%), interfering mainly in the root portion of E. heterophylla.
Development and Validation of a UPLC–ESI(-)–MS/MS Methodology for the Simultaneous Quantification of Hesperidin, Naringin, and their Aglycones in Chicken Tissue Samples
Authors: Baira Eirini , Dagla Ioanna , Siapi Eleni , Zoumpoulakis Panagiotis , Tsarbopoulos Anthony , Simitzis Panagiotis , Goliomytis Michael , Deligeorgis Stelios G , Skaltsounis Alexios-Leandros , Gikas Evagelos
Published: August 2019

Background: The dietary supplementation of livestock with antioxidants to improve the meat quality represents an active research area of high commercial impact. In order to investigate the optimal dosing, analytical methodologies need to be developed in various tissues to evaluate which concentration does remain in the tissue. Objective: We aimed to develop and validate a sensitive and specific methodology for the simultaneous quantitative determination of hesperidin, naringin, hesperetin, and naringenin in chicken tissue samples employing ultra-performance LC–tandem MS. Methods: Lipid extraction using cold chloroform was performed followed by protein precipitation by cold acetone. Chromatography was performed on a C18 column using a ternary gradient of water, acetonitrile, and isopropanol–acetonitrile–acetone (58+40+2, v/v) as the mobile phase. Detection was performed by electrospray ionization in negative ion mode with the selected reaction monitoring technique. Results: Calibration plots exhibited good linearity (r2 > 0.99) over the concentration range from 0.125 to 25 μg/g tissue for the four analytes, and the lower LOQ for the four analytes was 0.125 μg/g tissue. The repeatability as percent relative SD and precision as percent accuracy were <20 and >80%, respectively. Conclusions: The developed methodology was applied for the quantitative determination of hesperidin, naringin, hesperetin, and naringenin in tissue samples after dietary supplementation with 1.5 g/kg hesperidin and 1.5 g/kg naringin in Ross 308 broiler chickens. Highlights: This is the first methodology to access naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, and hesperetin in chicken tissue. It involved simple sample preparation, and the mass spectrometry based detection ensures high specificity and sensitivity.
Planejamento e gestão territorial: reflexões a partir da modernidade, da ciência e da participação social / Planning and territorial management: reflections from modernity, science and social participation
Authors: Lemos Rodrigo Silva , Magalhães Junior Antônio Pereira , Wstane Carla
Published: August 2019

O planejamento e a gestão territorial são hoje compreendidos como área de conhecimento e de pesquisa. Os conceitos são abordados no artigo a partir de uma retomada de seus significados históricos e associados com diferentes correntes paradigmáticas que estruturam a produção do espaço moderno. O artigo traz para a discussão considerações sobre dois principais momentos do planejamento e da gestão: o primeiro é referente ao modelo centralizador, fundamentado na técnica e na ciência e que estruturou não apenas as dinâmicas de planejamento, mas toda a sociedade moderna; o segundo momento de discussão é a partir das insurgências de um modelo participativo de planejamento e de gestão e que está associado ao reconhecimento da diversidade de conhecimentos e de saberes, não necessariamente técnicos e metódicos. Por fim, o artigo considera que a participação popular, referendada enquanto política pública, parte de três pressupostos principais: 1) o controle social e a definição de prioridades pelo poder público; 2) a possibilidade de empoderamento da população; 3) a valorização das práticas cotidianas que permitem não apenas o pertencimento espacial, como também formas de conhecimento que se fundamentam nas experiências e nas realidades de diferentes grupos sociais. Palavras–chave: Planejamento e gestão territorial, autonomia, modernidade, participação popular.Abstract Planning and territorial management are now understood as an area of knowledge and research. The concepts are approached in this article from a resumption of their historical meanings and associated with different paradigmatic currents that structure the production of the modern space. The article brings to the discussion considerations on two main moments of planning and management: the first refers to the centralizing model, based on technique and science and which structured not only the planning dynamics, but the whole of modern society; the second moment of discussion is from the insurgencies of a participative model of planning and management and that is associated to the recognition of the diversity of knowledge and knowledge, not necessarily technical and methodical. Finally, the article considers that popular participation, endorsed as public policy, starts from three main assumptions: 1) social control and the definition of priorities by the public power; 2) the possibility of empowerment of the population; 3) valuing daily practices that allow not only spatial belonging, but also forms of knowledge based on the experiences and realities of different social groups.Keywords: Planning and territorial management, autonomy, modernity, popular participation.
Patrick Wilson
Authors: White Howard D.
Published: August 2019

During 1965-2001, Patrick Wilson brought the acuity of a professional philosopher to library and information science (LIS) and became a major theorist in many aspects of knowledge organization (KO). This article, an extensive critical introduction to his thought, reflects the view that much of his work is of permanent value. He can be read for well-informed critiques of the instruments by which writings are organized for retrieval-the bibliographical side of KO. He can also be read for shrewd accounts of personal knowledge and behavior with respect to societal information systems-the social-epistemological side of KO. Indeed, in his work the two sides converge. One of his themes is the preferability of human consultants over bibliographies and catalogs for answering questions. He thus writes at length about the social organization of possible consultants and their degrees of cognitive authority in communicating what they know. Another theme is the desirability of indexing writings not only by subject but also by their possible utility in helping individuals. For that, however, he saw little hope. A third theme is ideal information systems. Broadly, he can be read for his clarifications of concepts on both sides of KO, such as bibliographical control, relevance, subject indeterminacy, information needs, information overload, librarians’ roles, and LIS as a field.
Bilateral or Trilateral? Japan, the EC and the United States in the “Year of Europe”
Authors: YAMAMOTO Takeshi
Published: August 2019

It is perhaps a little known fact that Henry Kissinger mentioned Japan several times in his [in]famous “Year of Europe” speech of 1973. He intended to include Japan in the “New Atlantic Charter”, making it a US-EC-Japan triangular framework in the hope of preventing Japan drifting in an undesirable direction during the era of détente. Europe, and France in particular, however, disliked Kissinger’s initiative because they perceived it to be a US attempt to dominate its allies. Instead, the EC proposed direct negotiations with the Japanese government leading to a bilateral Japan-EC declaration in order to avoid America being at the top of the triangle. Japan faced with a dilemma. In the end, the idea of bilateral Japan-EC and US-EC declarations along with a trilateral US-EC-Japan declaration proved impossible due to a deterioration in US-EC relations. The Japanese government had to retreat not only from the Kissinger exercise but also from the idea of a bilateral declaration with the EC because pursuing the latter without a US-EC declaration would, it was feared, be perceived as anti-American behaviour.
EC–ASEAN Relations in the 1970s as an Origin of the European Union–Asia Relationship
Authors: KURODA Tomoya
Published: August 2019

Today, the relationship between EU and Asian countries is at a turning point. During the Cold War, there was quite a large gap in status between the EC and ASEAN. The EC was highly institutionalised and the most advanced regional organisation, while ASEAN was simply an association of developing countries. However, in the post-Cold War era, Asia has gained a more important status compared to Europe. A striking example is the establishment of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) in 1996, where heads of states were treated as ‘equal partners’. This article addresses the following question as the main point of its research: Why and how did the EC establish institutional bonds with ASEAN countries? Despite this corpus of research, studies of the factors behind the EC’s shift towards institutionalised relationships with ASEAN have not examined the geopolitical interests at stake. This paper, thus, aims to give an overall picture of EC-ASEAN institutional relations in the 1970s, with particular attention to the global strategies of EC member states, based on a multi-archival approach. Thus, this paper analyses a neglected origin of the EU-Asia relationship.
Japan, Philips and the Making of Europe’s Single Market, 1984-1994
Authors: HARRYVAN Anjo G.
Published: August 2019

Japanese competition has been a prime factor in overcoming European economic fragmentation. In the course of the 1980s Japanese technology - especially in consumer electronics - as well as Japanese business practices were key incentives for the establishment of Europe’s Common Market. The confluence of two distinct but mutually supportive non-state actors, the Philips/RTE lobby and the Action Committee for Europe (ACE) played a decisive role in setting the agenda for what is now known as the ‘EU Common Market’. The former campaigned for a pan-European single market, the latter for institutional changes needed to bring about its realization. The two lobbies were in close contact with each other. For Philips, the Japanese challenge was much more than a storm in a teacup. ‘Japan incorporated’ threatened its very existence, or so it was perceived. Seen in this light, fighting Japanese protectionism and campaigning for overcoming Europe’s economic fragmentation, were two sides of the same coin. It is a testimony to the quality of the company’s lobbying efforts on how successfully it managed to frame its private interests on both issues as Europe-wide continental interests.
Debattenbeitrag: Der Mietendeckel in Berlin: Naivitäten, Populismus, Sozialismus
Authors: Schuppan Tino
Published: August 2019

In diesem Debattenbeitrag wird dargelegt, dass die heutige Situation im Politikfeld Wohnen weitestgehend staatlich verursacht ist. Das Themengebiet Wohnen zählt seit Jahren zu den strittigsten Themen in Politik und Gesellschaft. Vor allem die angedachten neuerlichen Mietregulierungen (so genannter Mietendeckel) in Berlin sind weder aus Sicht einer nachhaltigen Immobilienwirtschaft noch zur Schaffung von bezahlbarem Wohnraum geeignet. Zudem gibt es Bedenken, ob eine allzu starke Mietenregulierung einen unverhältnismäßig hohen staatlichen Erfüllungsaufwand mit sich bringen würde. Auch aus staatlicher Sicht wären andere Instrumente besser geeignet.