bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KESESUAIAN PENANGANAN PERKARA OLEH HAKIM MAHKAMAH AGUNG PADA PUTUSAN NOMOR 1975 K/PID.SUS/2018 DENGAN KETENTUAN PASAL 253 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM ACARA PIDANA
Authors: Melinda Venna
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah hakim Mahkamah Agung dalam penanganan perkara kasasi sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 253 KUHAP yang mencerminkan asas keadilan dan kepastian hukum bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif yang bersifat preskriptif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pola pikir deduktif dimana premis mayor pada penulisan ini adalah Pasal 253 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana serta peraturan terkait dan premis minor pada penulisan ini merupakan fakta bahwa terdapat kesesuaian antara hakim mahkamah agung dalam penanganan perkara dengan ketentuan Pasal 253 KUHAP, maka dari kedua premis tersebut dapat ditarik kesimpulan dari permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hakim dalam menangani kasus korupsi yang dilakukan oleh pejabat pemerintah bernama Naomi Lati’ yang merugikan keuangan negara sebesar Rp.250.000.000,00 (dua ratus lima puluh juta rupiah) telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 253 KUHAP serta peraturan terkait.
Kata Kunci : Penanganan Perkara Hakim , Putusan Mahkamah Agung, Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana 
ABSTRACT

This research is supposed to know judges of supreme court in handling highest court case that have been appropriate with article 253 of criminal law procedural code that reflect the foundation of justice and the foundation of certainty of law for society. This research is normative research that have prescriptive character with law approachment and case approachment. This research is using primary law substance and secondary law substance. Then the data collection technique is using deductive thought that major premise in this research is article 253 of criminal law procedural code also other related regulation and the minor premise is fact that there is a suitability between judges of supreme court in handling case and article 253 of criminal law procedural code , because of that, these two premise in this research can be conclude. Final result of this research is indicate that judges of supreme court in handling this corruption that did by functionary state, Naomi Lati’ as leader of Dinas Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Toraja Utara that were corporate with leader of Koperasi Toraja Melo and some of these members that inflict a financial loss of state financial in the amount of Rp.250.000.000,00 ( two hundred and fifty thousand million rupiah) have been appropriate with article 253 of criminal law procedural code also related regulation.

Key Word        : Judge of handling case , Verdict of Supreme Court, Criminal Law Procedural Code.
Team Approach: Management of Brachial Plexus Injuries
Authors: Brogan David M. , Osei Daniel A. , Colorado Berdale S. , Sneag Darryl B. , Van Voorhis Anna , Dy Christopher J.
Published: April 2022

» Traumatic brachial plexus injuries are relatively rare but potentially devastating injuries with substantial functional, psychological, and economic consequences.

» Prompt referral (ideally within 6 weeks of injury) to a center with a team of experts experienced in the diagnosis and management of these injuries is helpful to achieving optimal outcomes.

» Preoperative and intraoperative decision-making to diagnose and plan reconstructive procedures is complex and must take into account a number of factors, including the time from injury, concomitant injuries, preservation of cervical nerve roots, and the availability of intraplexal and extraplexal donor nerves for nerve transfer.

» A team approach is essential to ensure accurate localization of the pathology before surgery and to maximize rehabilitation after surgery, necessitating close contact between the surgical team, physiatrists, radiologists, and therapists.
Cause of the Baige Landslides: Long-Term Cumulative Coupled Effect of Tectonic Action and Surface Erosion
Authors: Yi Shujian , Wu Chunhao , Cui Peng , Li Yusheng , Lei Mingyu
Published: April 2022

In 2018, successive large-scale landslides occurred near the village of Baige in the Jinshajiang suture zone on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, posing substantial threat both to the lives and property of residents and to the engineering facilities along the upper and lower reaches of the Jinsha River. In this study, field investigation data, remote sensing images, aerial photography, microanalysis of rocks, and mechanical experiments were considered to ascertain the material and geomorphic conditions of the landslides and to explore the failure mechanism and process of evolution of the landslides under the coupled effect of exogenic and endogenic factors. Located in the Jinshajiang suture zone, the Baige landslides occurred close to the western boundary fault zone. The geological structure of the slope and the formation of landslides are controlled by the specific environmental tectonic dynamics of the suture zone. Tectonic damage has dramatically influenced the strength and hydraulic characteristics of the rock mass, and the rock’s uniaxial compressive strength and resistance to water disintegration have deteriorated markedly as a result. Strong weathering of the plateau and repeated groundwater infiltration have further reduced the mechanical properties of the unique rock and soil with inferior original strength characteristics. The intensive crustal uplift and the rapid river erosion have markedly altered the free face of the damaged rock mass, thereby increasing the gravitational potential energy of the rock mass. The long-term cumulative coupled effect of tectonic movement and surface denudation represents the fundamental mechanism of the Baige landslides. The Jinshajiang suture zone continues to face the risk of further massive landslides similar to those that occurred in Baige.
Casing Wear Log Using a Prewear Ellipse Shape from Ultrasonic Logging Data
Authors: Gouveia L. P. , Ferro A. P. A. , Ferreira D. V. G. , Lima Junior E. T. , Barboza A. S. R. , Percy J. G. , Riente A. F.
Published: April 2022

The inspection of casing integrity is an important field of study regarding well safety assessment. In casing design, casing wear prediction is usually performed with a torque and drag model calibrated with laboratory simulation results. The availability of ultrasonic logging data makes it possible to calibrate these models, correlating actual conditions with similar equipment, operations, and trajectory. This work presents an accurate methodology that quantifies casing wear under a certain uncertainty level using data from ultrasonic logging tools. An ellipse equation is adopted to estimate the prewear condition of the cross section, and then it is applied to calculate wear. Also, a methodology to generate synthetic tube cross sections with prescribed ovality, eccentricity, and groove wear, with any intensities and locations, is presented. A model error analysis is carried out to compare the accuracy of the proposed strategy with others found in the literature. A statistical error analysis shows how the measurement noise is related to the estimated wear. This provides the level of uncertainty of the response, which can improve the right interpretation of data. Results demonstrate that the strategy successfully achieves an adequate quantification and can be applied to estimate casing wear profiles, under an admissible uncertainty tolerance.
Single Incision Tubular Decompression to Treat Multi-level Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Kulkarni Arvind Gopalrao , Khandge Ashwin kumar V , Yeshwanth Thonangi
Published: April 2022

Objective: To evaluate the technical feasibility and assess the clinical outcomes of tubular decompression (TD) in cases of multilevel lumbar canal stenosis operated through a single incision. TD has established itself in the surgical management of single level lumbar stenosis. Literature on performance of TD for multilevel stenosis through a single incision are non-existent.Methods: All patients undergoing TD for multilevel lumbar stenosis through a single incision from January 2007 to January 2018 were included. Patient demographics, operative and peri-operative details were documented. Patient based clinical outcomes, namely Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale for back and leg pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were assessed. Results: Favorable tube trajectory and adequate decompression could be achieved through a single incision to decompress multiple levels. The VAS improved from mean 31.5 (2–5) to 20.8 (1–4) and 71.4 (4–9) to 21 (1–5) for back and leg pain respectively; while the ODI improved from a mean 44.68.6 (32–68) to 20.25.3 (16–42) at 3 months post-op and was maintained at 10.8 (1–4), 1.60.67 (1–3) and 192.9 (16–26) respectively at 2 years follow-up.Conclusion: TD for multilevel stenosis done through a single incision is a feasible option with good to excellent results.
WITHDRAWN: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene (FGFR1) expression in serous ovarian tumors
Authors: OZCAN Mehmet , ALAN Saadet
Published: April 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ovarian serous surface epithelial tumors in terms of FGFR1 expression and to evaluate the differences in expression of serous cystadenomas, borderline serous tumor/atypical proliferative serous tumors, low-grade and high-grade serous carcinomas.Materials and methods: A hundred patients diagnosed with serous cystadenomas, borderline serous tumor/atypical proliferative serous tumors(BST), low-grade (LGSC) and high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) between 2010-2019 in our pathology laboratory were included in the study. In these cases, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed on sections from paraffin blocks.Results: In our study, it was determined that FGFR1 gene expression was statistically significantly increased in HGSC cases compared to the BST/ LGSC group and the SC group. Although there was a difference between the BST/ LGSC group and the SC group, no statistical significance was found.Conclusion: FGFR1 expression was significantly increased in HGSC cases. This finding has led to the conclusion that angiogenesis inhibition by FGFR inhibition may be a treatment option in HGSC cases.
Effect of thoracic radiotherapy dose on the prognosis of advanced lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutations
Authors: Qin Hongyue , Ke Jiaojiao , Dong Shuai , Li Huani , Zhu Kunli , Fu Shuai , Shao Qian , Li Zhenxiang
Published: April 2022

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different thoracic radiotherapy doses on OS and incidence of radiation pneumonia which may provide some basis for optimizing the comprehensive treatment scheme of these patients with advanced EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods
Data from 111 patients who received thoracic radiotherapy were included in this retrospective study. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoints of the study.
Results
The mOS rates of the patients, who received radiotherapy dose scheme of less than 50 Gy, 50–60 Gy (including 50 Gy), and 60 Gy or more were 29.1 months, 34.4 months, and 51.0 months, respectively (log-rank P = 0.011). The patients with different levels of radiation pneumonia did not differ in the three different radiotherapy dose scheme groups (χ2 = 1.331; P = 0.514). The multivariate analysis showed that the thoracic radiotherapy dose schemes were independently associated with the improved OS of patients (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.606; 95% CI, 0.382 to 0.961; P = 0.033;).
Conclusions
For the patients with advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma, the radical thoracic radiotherapy dose scheme (≥ 60Gy) could significantly prolong the OS of patients without increasing the occurrence of grade 3 radiation pneumonia during the whole course management.
Personality traits and decision-making styles among Swedish obstetricians and gynecologists managing obstetric emergencies
Authors: Raoust Gabriel , Kajonius Petri , Hansson Stefan
Published: April 2022

Background: The management of an obstetric emergency is a complex phenomenon during which the team’s resilience and success will also be dependent on the diversity of individuals and the variation of their responses. Such differences can be explained through personality traits. The objectives of this study are I) to compare the personality traits of obstetricians and gynecologists with those of the general population and II) to examine the relationship between obstetricians’ and gynecologists’ personality traits, cognitive ability, clinical experience, sex and three decision-making styles (Individual, Team and Flow) during obstetric emergencies. Methods: Obstetricians and gynecologists, members of the Swedish Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology (n = 472) responded to an online questionnaire that included a simplified version of the Five Factor Model questionnaire (IPIP-NEO-30), a spatial ability test (ICAR) and 15 general questions about decision-making during obstetric emergencies relating to three decision-making styles (Individual, Team and Flow). A control cohort (N = 1943) from the general Swedish population was used. The data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Results: Swedish obstetricians and gynecologists scored (P < 0.001) lower on neuroticism (d = – 1.08) and higher on extraversion (d = 0.80), agreeableness (d = 1.00) and conscientiousness (d = 0.95) compared to the general population. Both Individual and Team decision-making styles correlated with work experience (r = 0.30 / – 0.23), and neuroticism (r = – 0.28 / 0.15) while Flow correlated with openness (r = 0.11). Multiple linear regression showed personality traits, cognitive ability, clinical experience, sex, and age had a cumulative effect on decision-making (F (9,419) = 10.20, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.18). Conclusions: Swedish obstetricians and gynecologists have a specific personality profile. Personality traits affect decision-making during obstetric emergencies. The assessment of medical errors in obstetric emergencies and their prevention through individualized training should take account of these findings.
Emergency care in post-conflict settings: a systematic literature review
Authors: Werner Kalin , Kak Mohini , Herbst Christopher H. , Lin Tracy Kuo
Published: April 2022

Background: Emergency care systems (ECS) organize and provide access to life-saving care both during transport and at health facilities. This review aims to systematically identify and summarize the published evidence on the delivery of emergency care in post-conflict settings. Using the essential system functions identified in the World Health Organization (WHO) ECS Framework, we classify gaps in care delivery and highlight context-relevant priorities. The paper aims to provide comprehensive evidence to inform the design of ECS in post-conflict settings and aims to guide health sector planning.Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to identify relevant articles on ECS in post-conflict settings. Data elements from each included paper were compiled using an extraction matrix; these data were summarized descriptively by country of origin and study design. Remaining data were then qualitatively synthesized. Findings were further extracted and mapped using the WHO ECS Framework to capture findings on essential emergency care functions at the scene of injury or illness, during transport, and through to the emergency unit and early inpatient care.Results: To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically identify the evidence on ECS in fragile and conflict-affected settings. We identified studies that describe the unique burden of disease and challenges in delivering to the populations in these states, pointing to particular gaps in prehospital care delivery (both during scene response and during transport). Common barriers include poor infrastructure, lingering social distrust, scarce formal emergency care training, and lack of resources and supplies.Conclusion: Aligning ECS with existing global health priorities would ensure access to these critical life-saving interventions, yet there is concern over the lack of investments in frontline emergency care. An understanding of the state of ECS in post-conflict settings is emerging, although current evidence related to best practices and interventions is extremely limited. Careful attention should be paid to addressing the common barriers and context-relevant priorities in ECS, such as strengthening prehospital care delivery, triage, and referral systems and training the health workforce in emergency care principles. One study found that context-relevant systems may already exist and could be applied to post-conflict settings immediately.
Concerns and Coping Mechanisms of Breast Cancer Survivor Women from Asia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sarang Bhakti , Bhandarkar Prashant , Parsekar Shradha S. , Patil Priti , Venghateri Jubina Balan , Ghoshal Rakhi , Veetil Deepa Kizhakke , Shah Priyansh , Roy Nobhojit , Gadgil Anita
Published: April 2022

Background
The incidence of breast cancer has increased significantly in Asia due to epidemiological transition and changes in human development indices. Advancement in medical technology has improved prognosis with a resultant increase in survivorship issues. The effects of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment are influenced by patients’ cultural beliefs and social systems. This scoping review aims to summarise concerns and coping mechanisms of women with breast cancer in Asia and understand gaps in the existing literature.
Methods
We performed a scoping review using the population-concept-context strategy. A systematic search of Medline (PubMed, Web of Science), CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Embase was conducted for studies on breast cancer patients from Asian countries, identifying their concerns and coping means, published between January 2011 and January 2021. Data from included studies was reported using frequencies and percentages.
Results
We included 163 articles for review. Most (81%) studies were conducted in hospital settings. Emotional and psychological concerns were reported by 80% of studies, followed by physical appearance and body-image concerns in 46%. Social support (59%), emotion-based coping (46%), spirituality and problem-based coping (37%) were the major coping systems documented.
Conclusion
The mapped literature documented that anxiety, depression, and fear of cancer recurrence dominated women’s emotional concerns. Women coped with the help of social support, positive reappraisal, and faith in God and religion. Sensitization of caregivers, including healthcare professionals and family members, to context-specific concerns and inquiry into the patients’ available support systems is essential in strengthening the breast cancer women’s recovery and coping.
A neural substrate for negative affect dictates parental behaviour
Authors: Lecca Salvatore , Congiu Mauro , Royon Lea , Restivo Leonardo , Girard Benoit , Mazare Noemie , Bellone Camilla , Telley Ludovic , Mameli Manuel
Published: April 2022

Parental behaviours are essential to secure survival and wellbeing of newborns1. Concomitantly, parenting also limits negative affective states in adults, which emerge when the coping with excessive neonatal distress becomes a challenge1–5. Whether neural circuits that process negative affect orchestrate components of parental behaviours remains, however, unknown. Here, we identify functional and transcriptional signatures of parental behaviours in neurons of the negative emotion center lateral habenula receiving bed nucleus of the stria terminalis innervation (BNSTLHb). Calcium imaging reveals that LHb neurons of virgin female mice increase their activity during pup retrieval to a nest, a behaviour that disappears following optogenetic LHb inactivation. Intersectional cell identification and transcriptional profiling of BNSTLHb neurons associates this neuronal population to parental behaviours and outlines gene expression in female virgins that is similar to mothers but divergent from virgin males. From a functional standpoint, optogenetic activation and inactivation of the BNSTLHb pathway maximizes and suppresses, respectively, the parental behaviour. Finally, tracking of single BNSTLHb cell activity demonstrates specificity of this neuronal subset for encoding negative stimuli and pup retrieval, but not sociability amongst conspecifics. Thus, BNSTLHb cells are operational for female parenting, demonstrating that neural circuit elements for negative affect contribute to specific social interactions.
Compact method of SARS-CoV-2 PCR detection enhances overall process of diagnosing Delta and Omicron variants
Authors: Kim Jae Jong , Park Hyoung-Min , Kyoung A. Young , Lim Si-Kyu , Cha Sun Ho , Lee J. Eugene , Park Byoung Chul
Published: April 2022

Nations across the world are currently suffering from various mutations of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The ability to infect via respiratory routes such as coughs and sneezes and high mutation rate due to its single strand positive-sense RNA nature makes it very challenging to effectively contain, diagnose, and vaccinate. Moreover, current diagnostic guidelines insist PCR detection for SARS-CoV-2 be done as individual trials for sorting out one mutated variant at a time. To improve the overall diagnosis process and further enhance the efficiency of PCR tests, 4 distinct color emitting probes were used to simultaneously match Delta variant, Omicron variant, positive and negative controls. Amplified signals of individual and merged primers sets were able to successfully detect both Delta and Omicron variants. Additional validation of PCR trials and RNA extracts of SARS-CoV-2 patients further showed the effectiveness of the implemented method. The improved method will further compress the current detection protocol and further benefit diagnosing the ongoing pandemic.
Quantifying the climate benefits of a virtual versus an in-person format for an international conference
Authors: Lewy Jacqueline R. , Patnode Casey D. , Landrigan Philip J. , Kolars Joseph C. , Williams Brent C.
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAcademic institutions across the globe routinely sponsor large conferences. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many conferences have used all- or partially virtual formats. The conversion of the 2021 Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH) conference, originally planned in-person for Houston, TX USA to an all-virtual format provided an opportunity to quantify the climate-related impacts of in-person versus virtual conferences. MethodsFrom the 2021 CUGH conference registration data, we determined each registrant’s distance from Houston. Using widely available, open-source formulas, we calculated the carbon footprint of each registrant’s round-trip drive or flight had they traveled to Houston. We assumed that registrants traveling more than 300 miles would have flown, with the remainder traveling by automobile. ResultsOf 1,909 registrants, 1,447 would have traveled less than 4,000 miles, and 389 would have traveled more than 10,000 miles round trip. Total travel-related carbon emissions were estimated at 2,436 metric tons of CO2, equivalent to preserving 2,994 acres of forest for a year.ConclusionsOrganizations can now readily quantify the climate cost of annual conferences. CUGH’s annual international conference, when held in-person, contributes significantly to carbon emissions. With its focus on promoting global health equity, CUGH may play a lead role in understanding the pros and cons for planetary health of in-person versus virtual conferences. CUGH and other organizations could routinely measure and publish the climate costs of their annual conferences.
Characterizing Intrinsic Molecular Features of the Immune Subtypes of Salivary Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
Authors: Kang Hyundeok , Seo Mi-Kyoung , Park BeumJin , Yoon Sun Och , Koh Yoon Woo , Kim Dahee , Kim Sangwoo
Published: April 2022

Background
Characterising the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune landscape of cancer has been a promising step towards discovering new therapeutic biomarkers and guiding precision medicine; however, its application in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) has been sparse. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study to understand the properties of the TME and immune profiles of MEC.
Method
We collected primary tumor tissue samples from 20 patients with MEC who presented at the Yonsei Head and Neck Cancer Centre, Yonsei University, South Korea. Total RNA sequencing was conducted to determine gene expression profiles. Bioinformatic and immunoinformatic analyses were applied to characterise the TME and identify immunophenotypic subgroups, and to investigate the molecular features that explain the distinct phenotypes.
Results
The MEC samples were subdivided into two groups, immune hot and immune cold, based on the heterogenous immune cell-infiltration and activation level. The immune-hot subgroup exhibited a higher level of immune activity, including T cell infiltration, cytolytic score, IFN-γ, antigen-presenting machinery, and immune modulator genes. Further characterizing molecular features of two subgroups, downregulation of lipid metabolic regulators, including MLXIPL and FASN, and the migration of chemokines and leukocytes were observed, respectively. And, Group-specific expression of immune checkpoint molecules, such as TIGIT, PD-L2, and CTLA-4, was observed in the immune-hot group, which can be exploited as a potential immunotherapeutic biomarker.
Conclusions
Immunophenotypically heterogeneous MEC subgroups analysis have shown distinctive molecular characteristics and provided potential treatment options. These findings yield new insights into TME of MEC and may help next step to study this uncharted cancer
Predicting the outcome of open type IIIC tibial fractures regarding union, osteomyelitis, and amputation: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Shih-Heng , Lien Po-Hao , Lan Ching-Yu , Hsu Chung-Cheng , Lin Cheng-Hung , Lin Yu-Te , Lin Chih-Hung , Yu Yi-Hsun
Published: April 2022

Background
This study aimed to assess factors that affect union time and complications in Gustilo IIIC tibial fractures.
Methods
This retrospective analysis included patients with IIIC open tibial fractures who visited our center from January 2000 to October 2020. Patient demographics, fracture characteristics, timing, numbers, and type of surgical intervention were documented. Outcomes included union time, occurrence of osteomyelitis, and amputation.
Results
Fifty-eight patients were enrolled and grouped by fracture type: eight as union on time (13.8%); 27 late union (46.6%); eight delayed union (13.8%); three nonunion (5.2%); and 12 amputations (20.7%). Nine fractures (15.5%) were complicated by osteomyelitis. Union time was prolonged in cases of triple arterial injury, distal third fractures, multiple trauma with Injury Severity Score ≥ 16, and increased length of bone defect. A bone gap > 50 mm, diabetes mellitus, low body mass index, and triple arterial injury in the lower leg were significant risk factors for amputation. Time from injury to definitive soft tissue coverage that was longer than 22 days was the major risk factor for osteomyelitis. The predicted probability of union within 2 years was stratified based on a scoring system predicting union time.
Conclusions
Gustilo IIIC tibial fractures involving the distal third of the tibia, fractures with bone defects, triple arterial injury, and multiple trauma with ISS ≥ 16 demonstrated delayed union, and an effective system predicting union time was built. Early soft tissue coverage reduces the risk of osteomyelitis, while diabetes and severe bone and soft tissue defects increase the risk of amputation.
Gender influence on Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (MSUS) finding among patients on maintenance haemodialysis. An Egyptian single centre study.
Authors: Besar Marwa Abo Elmaaty , Wahab Ass. prof. Ahmed Mohammed Abd EL , Nahhas Mohammed El
Published: April 2022

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders remain a major problem in long term hemodialysis patients. Objectives: Assessment the difference of MSUS finding among male and female haemodialysis patients. Methods: Musculoskeletal ultrasound assessment of articular and extraarticular tissues. Result: Fifty patients, mean age 52±16 years, 31 (62%) male and 19 (38%) female, maintained on regular hemodialysis (three times/ week) for 4.4 ± 3.8 years. Knee osteophytes with prepatellar effusion was the most common MSUS finding in 15/31 (48.4%) male patients while Subacromial subdeltoid bursa (SASD)bursa and planter fasciitis were evident in 2/19 (10.5%) female patients, successfully ultrasound guided corticosteroid injection. Conclusion: Soft tissue affection (SASD bursa, planter fasciitis and prepatellar effusion) more MSUS manifestation in female than male where knee osteophytes with prepatellar effusion is evident.
Sepsis modulates cortical excitability and alters the local and systemic hemodynamic response to seizures
Authors: ferlini lorenzo , Nonclercq Antoine , Su Fuhong , Creteur Jacques , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Gaspard Nicolas
Published: April 2022

Non-convulsive seizures and status epilepticus are frequent and associated with increased mortality in septic patients. However, the mechanism through which seizures impact outcome in these patients is unclear. As previous studies yielded an alteration of neurovascular coupling (NVC) during sepsis, we hypothesized that non-convulsive seizures, might further impair NVC, leading to brain tissue hypoxia and to secondary brain injury. In an ovine model, seizures were induced by cortical application of penicillin. Animals were allocated to sham procedure or sepsis; septic animals were studied either during the hyperdynamic phase (sepsis group) or after septic shock occurrence (septic shock group). We recorded a greater seizure-induced increase in the EEG gamma power in the sepsis group than in sham. Using a neural mass model, we also showed that the activity of the inhibitory interneurons, crucial to induce gamma oscillations, were relatively greater in the sepsis group. However, the NVC was impaired in sepsis animals, despite a normal brain tissue oxygenation. In septic shock animals, it was not possible to induce seizures. Cortical activity declined in case of septic shock, but it did not differ between sham or sepsis animals. As the alteration in NVC preceded cortical activity reduction, we suggest that, during sepsis progression, the NVC inefficiency could be partially responsible for the alteration of brain function, which might prevent seizure occurrence during septic shock. Moreover, we showed that cardiac output decreased during seizures in sepsis animals instead of increasing as in shams. The alteration of the seizure-induced systemic hemodynamic variations in sepsis might further affect cerebrovascular response to neuronal activation. Our findings support the hypothesis that anomalies in the cerebral blood flow regulation may contribute to the sepsis-associated encephalopathy and that seizures might be dangerous in such a vulnerable setting.
Temporal sequencing in multimorbidity using population-scale linked data for 1.7 million individuals with 20-year follow-up
Authors: Owen Rhiannon , Lyons Jane , Akbari Ashley , Guthrie Bruce , Agrawal Utkarsh , Alexander Daniel , Azcoaga-Lorenzo Amaya , Brookes Anthony , Denaxas Spiros , Dezateux Carol , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi , Harper Gill , Kirk Paul , Özyiğit Eda , Richardson Sylvia , Staniszewska Sophie , McCowan Colin , Lyons Ronan , Abrams Keith
Published: April 2022

Multimorbidity is defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic health conditions in an individual. The objective of this study was to examine how diseases in a cluster of physical-mental health multimorbidity with a high all-cause mortality (psychosis, diabetes, and congestive heart failure) develop and coexist over time, and to assess the associated impact of different temporal sequences on mortality. Population-scale, individual-level, anonymised, linked, demographic, administrative and electronic health record data were modelled using multi-state models for 1,675,585 individuals over a 20-year period (2000–2019). Cox regression models were used to estimate baseline hazards for transitions between states, adjusted for gender, age, and area-level deprivation. Our findings suggest that the order of disease acquisition in physical-mental health multimorbidity had an important impact and complex relationship on patient mortality. Individuals developing diabetes, psychosis, and congestive heart failure, in that order, had an increased all-cause mortality rate compared to the development of the same conditions in a different order, resulting in the highest loss in expectation of life of 13 years at age 50 compared to the general population. Congestive heart failure as a single condition and in combination with psychosis had an equally high loss in expectation of life. Identification and therapeutic targets for psychosis and congestive heart failure may be beneficial within 5 years following an initial diagnosis of diabetes. The use of multi-state models offers a flexible framework to assess temporal sequences of diseases and associated patient outcomes, and allows identification of potential risk factors, screening opportunities, and therapeutic targets in multimorbidity.
Implication of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes in the resistance of Holotrichia parallela larvae to EPN-Bt infection
Authors: Li Ertao , Wu Hanjia , Wang Zhimin , Li Kebin , Zhang Shuai , Cao Yazhong , Yin Jiao
Published: April 2022

Combining the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF strain and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) HBF-18 strain is a practical strategy to manage the larvae of Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky. However, the intrinsic resistance mechanism between H. parallela larvae and the EPN-Bt combination is unknown. Herein, antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)] and detoxifying enzymes [carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] of H. parallela larvae showed an activation-inhibition trend throughout the EPN-Bt exposure time course. Eight potentially key antioxidant and detoxifying enzyme genes in response to EPN-Bt infection were identified from the midgut of H. parallela larvae through RNA-seq. Spatiotemporal analysis showed they were ubiquitously expressed in all development stages and tissues. After silencing CAT, CarE, and GST1, the enzyme activities were significantly decreased by 30.29%, 68.80%, and 34.63%, respectively. Meanwhile, the mortality of grubs was increased by 18.40%, 46.30%, and 42.59% after exposure to EPN-Bt for 1 day. The expression level change trends of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), cap ‘n’ collar isoform-C (CncC), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and CarE were consistent when exposed to EPN-Bt. Furtherly, RNAi-mediated PI3K silencing showed a similar downregulated trend between PI3K/Akt/CncC and CarE. Furthermore, silencing PI3K rendered grubs more susceptible to EPN-Bt and accelerated symbiotic bacteria multiplication in grubs. Overall, these results suggest that PI3K/Akt/CncC pathway mediates the expression of CarE and participates in the resistance of H. parallela larvae to EPN-Bt infection.
Analysis of clinical features and prognostic factors associated with Hepatic Hydrothorax: A single center study from China
Authors: Ma Bo , Shang Tianling , Huang Jianjie , Tu Zhixin , Wang Yan , Han Yujin , Wen Xiaoyu , Jin Qinglong
Published: April 2022

Background: The clinical features and factors affecting prognostic survival of Hepatic Hydrothorax (HH) are currently unknown.Aims: We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors associated with patients with HH.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 131 patients with HH, using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional risk regression analysis to assess factors influencing the prognosis of HH.Results: A total of 131 patients were collected, male: female 80:51 (1.59:1), mean age 52.76±11.88 years, 30 survived and 101 died. Hepatitis B cirrhosis was the main cause of HH, accounting for 42% of cases. Abdominal distention and dyspnea were the most common clinical signs, present in 82.4% and 67.9% of patients, respectively. Ascites was present in varying amounts in all patients and was the most common decompensated complication, with pleural effusions mostly seen on the right side (107/131; 82%), followed by the left side (16/131; 12%) and bilateral effusions (8/131; 6%); 20 (15%) were treated with drug management alone, 111 (75%) patients were treated with drugs and thoracic intubation, with one patient treated with TIPS and three patients treated with liver transplantation at a later stage of treatment. Mortality rates were significantly higher in men than in women at all time points, with an overall 2-year mortality rate of 70.3% and a 5-year mortality rate of 100%. Univariate Cox proportional risk models indicating that gender, liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy, hyponatraemia, total bilirubin (TBIL), MELD score, and MELD-Na score were associated with survival (P < 0.05), and multifactorial Cox proportional risk models indicating that hepatic encephalopathy, hyponatraemia, and MELD score (P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for prognostic survival in patients with HH. Patients with HH had a worse prognosis with higher MELD scores and an even worse prognosis once combined with hyponatraemia, with a mean survival time difference of nearly two times.Conclusion: HH patients have a high mortality rate, and liver encephalopathy, hyponatremia, and the MELD score are significantly associated with their condition and prognosis.
The effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol, a potent methane inhibitor, on ruminal microbial gene expression profiles in dairy cows
Authors: Pitta Dipti W. , Indugu Nagaraju , Melgar Audino , Hristov Alexander , Challa Krishna , Vecchiarelli Bonnie , Hennessy Meagan , Narayan Kapil , Duval Stephane , Kindermann Maik , Walker Nicola
Published: April 2022

Background
Enteric methane emissions from dairy cows are an environmental problem as well as a gross feed energy loss to the animal. Methane is generated in the rumen by methanogenic archaea from hydrogen (H2) + carbon dioxide and from H2 + methanol or methylamines. The methanogenic substrates are provided by non-methanogens during feed fermentation. Methane mitigation approaches have yielded variable results, partially due to an incomplete understanding of the contribution of hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic archaea to methanogenesis. Research indicates that 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) reduces enteric methane formation in dairy cows by inhibiting methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR), the enzyme responsible for methane formation. The purpose of this study was to utilize metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches to investigate the effect of 3-NOP on the rumen microbiome and to determine the fate of H2 that accumulates less than expected under inhibited methanogenesis.
Results
The inhibitor 3-NOP was more inhibitory on Methanobrevibacter species than methanol-utilizing Methanosphaera and tended to reduce the gene expression of MCR. Under inhibited methanogenesis by 3-NOP, fluctuations in H2 concentrations were accompanied by changes in the expression of [FeFe] hydrogenases in H2-producing bacteria to regulate the amount of H2 production. No previously reported alternative H2 sinks increased under inhibited methanogenesis except for a significant increase in gene expression of enzymes involved in the butyrate pathway.
Conclusion
By taking a metatranscriptomic approach, this study provides novel insights on the contribution of methylotrophic methanogens to total methanogenesis and regulation of H2 metabolism under normal and inhibited methanogenesis by 3-NOP in the rumen.
Predictors of Death for Hospitalized Patents with COVID-19 in the First Year of the Pandemic in Northern Brazil - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sardinha Daniele Melo , Rodrigues Yan Corrêa , Ferreira Ana Lúcia da Silva , Lima Karla Valéria Batista , Guimarães Ricardo José de Paula Souza e , Lima Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
Published: April 2022

Objective
Identified predictors of death for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the First Year of the Pandemic in Northern Brazil.
Methods
A longitudinal retrospective cohort study was carried out, using data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health's COVID-19 severe case and hospitalization notification forms, considering the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The extracted variables were related to the epidemiological profile and outcome of the disease. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, with chi-square test by contingency table, binary logistic regression, and survival analysis.
Results
Those vaccinated against influenza were associated with survivors in univariate and multivariate analysis, as well as survival analysis. The predictors of lethality were invasive ventilation (OR 6.627; CI 5.780–7.597), other pneumopathy (OR 1.901; CI 1.439–2.510), dyspnea (OR 1.899; CI 1.737–2.076), immunodeficiency (OR 1.905; CI 1.493–2.431), hospitalized in ICU (OR 1.764; CI 1.588–1.959), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.753; CI 1.396–2.203), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.210; CI 1.108–1.321), and male sex (OR 1.198; CI 1.111–1.293).
Conclusion
Those vaccinated against influenza were associated with survival; namely, they showed a lower risk of death in the regression and showed longer survival in the survival analysis, when compared to those who were not vaccinated. The lethality was higher than the other studies, while the predictors were similar. Evidencing that COVID-19 had more impact on deaths, which may be associated with the vulnerability factors of the region.
Strategi Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove di Desa Nira Nusa, Nusa Tenggara Timur Menggunakan Analisis Swot
Authors: Ghawa Maryanti , Kisworo  , Wherrett Tim
Published: April 2022

Mangrove Nira Nusa merupakan mangrove yang terletak di Desa Nira Nusa, Kecamatan Maurole, Kabupaten Ende, Flores, NTT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan sumber daya yang tersedia diantaranya ; flora dan fauna , potensi sumber daya alam, potensi sumber daya manusia , dan potensi sosial-budaya di Desa Nira Nusa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Proses pengambilan data menggunakan observasi lapangan, wawancara, pengisian kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis SWOT untuk menghasilkan strategi S-O yaitu potensi sumber daya mangrove dikembangkan menjadi wisata berbasis edukasi dengan kegiatan seperti pengamatan biota/satwa dan kegiatan memancing. Strategi S-T yaitu memberikan pelatihan khusus tentang konservasi mangrove kepada pengelola dan pemerintah setempat tentang dampak membuang sampah di laut. Strategi W-O yaitu memanfaatkan tingginya minat wisatawan untuk memaksimalkan perbaikan sarana-prasarana. Strategi W-T yaitu menyelenggarakan kegiatan pembersihan lingkungan sekitar mangrove oleh pengelola, masyarakat dan lembaga pemerintahan, membuat aturan tidak menebang pohon di area hutan mangrove.
Analisis Normalitas dan Abnormalitas Spermatozoa Segar Sapi Limousin (Bos taurus) dan Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) Sebelum Proses Pembekuan Di Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan Singosari Malang
Authors: Nur Aliyah Shofi , Santoso Hari , Zayadi Hasan
Published: April 2022

Sejak digalakkan Swasembada Sapi oleh kementrian pertanian guna mewujudkan ketahanan pangan hewani, dilakukanlah Inseminasi Buatan (IB). Langkah yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pelaksanaan IB adalah pengujian kualitas spermatozoa secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan normalitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoatozoa segar sapi limousin (Bos taurus) dan sapi bali (Bos sondaicus) sebelum proses pembekuan. Metode pengambilan sampel spermatozoatozoa ditampung menggunakan AV (Artivical Vagina), dilakukan pengamatan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis menggunakan IVOS II untuk mengetahui presentase normalitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoatozoa. Parameter yang dihitung diantaranya, makroskopis yaitu Warna, volume, pH dan konsentrasi, normalitas, abnormalitas. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji t test independent. Hasil dari penelitian normalitas dan abnormalitas sapi limousin dengan sapi bali menunjukkan thit = 4,42 ; ttabel = 0,025 yaitu thitung > t(0,025). maka H0 diterima, artinya dari kedua kelompok sapi tersebut kualitas spermatozoanya tidak perbedaan nyata secara signifikan antara normalitas dan abnormalitas sapi limousin dan sapi bali sebelum proses pembekuan.
Translation Analysis of Beauty Terms in Webtoon: The Secret of Angel and Make-Up Man
Authors: Alyfia Hanniarsha , Nur Ali Ahmad Jum’a Khatib
Published: April 2022

The field of beauty every day has rapid changes, so it has many new terms growing in it. The webtoon has now expanded and has several titles translated into various languages, including Indonesian. Not only as entertainment but webtoon also indirectly brings beauty terms that do not yet have their equivalents in Indonesian. This research aims to determine how beauty terms in the webtoon are translated from English to Indonesian. This research uses a qualitative method. The source of data used is 50 chapters from two webtoons entitled The Secret of Angel (2018) and Make-Up Man (2019) in the English version and their translation in Indonesian. The results in this research indicate that based on the translation strategy theory, the translators for both of the webtoon used four different translation strategies namely: loan, unit shift, distribution change, and calque. The implication of this research is that in translating the English beauty terms into Indonesian webtoon translators often employed loan strategy by borrowing or retaining the ST items in the TT. The reasons why the translators often employ the borrowing strategy are due to the limited space in the webtoon and also because the target readers are more familiar with the original English beauty terms.
Empowering EFL Teachers for Scientific Writing in PPG Workshop: Writing Classroom Action Research Proposal
Authors: Suhirman Lalu , Rahayu Budi
Published: April 2022

The aims of this paper are (1) to Enhance EFL teachers’ professional competence and skill in writing scientific papers of research results; (2) to produce scientific articles of  EFL teachers’ investigation (minimally produce an action research proposal). This workshop was given to Pendidikan Profesi Guru - PPG (Teacher Professional Education). There were 33 EFL English teachers actively participating in the workshop. The content of the materials was how to discover themes and topics, how to write a proposal of classroom action research (CAR), and how to compose research of CAR, then how to create it into a scientific article. By having these skills, it was expected that they were able to report or write their own CAR and how to create it into a scientific article so that raise their position and prosperity. The PPG workshop for CAR took 10 hours and at the end of the workshop, the participants (the EFL teachers) are obliged to submit a classroom action research. After evaluating each CAR proposal project submitted by the EFL teachers, almost all of them wrote the CAR proposal well. But, in certain components, not all participants’ CAR proposals were categorized good, as well as the bibliography and language components, for bibliography, the participants must include a minimum of 17 to 20 reference lists derived from books and journals which cited as references in the body of the proposal. There were 45.45% of participants who listed 17 references and 45.45% of participants listed 20 references, and the remaining 9.9% included less than 17 references. For language, all participants used Indonesian, their reasoning was to make them easier to express thoughts and ideas in the proposal. It was also found that 87,87% of EFL teachers stated that they were able to identify the research problems, themes, and topics well. While there were 66,66% of EFL teachers described that they were able to decide CAR design, theory, quote, and paraphrase experts’ ideas well and 90,90% of them stated 17 to  20 titles of references.