bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Det postapokalyptiske moderskab
Authors: Marcussen Marlene Karlsson
Published: October 2021

The article investigates a new type of narrative, where motherhood and catastrophe are interwoven. This inquiry questions how Megan Hunter presents the mother as heroine of a new type of feminist science fiction and how she uses a postapocalyptic frame to depict motherhood in crisis by showing how language falls short of fathoming experiences – both of birth and flood – beyond human understanding. Hunter’s novel succeeds in intertwining the events of motherhood and apocalypse, thus showing how both lend their language and experience to each other.
‘Fra det sted, han kalder jorden’
Authors: Kraglund Rikke Andersen
Published: October 2021

Based on a reading of science fiction iconography and topics in Olga Ravn’s De ansatte [The employees] the article discusses how the novel uses a fictionalized framework to reflect upon contemporary social discussions.
Det’ lig’som teksten sådan bølger
Authors: Bang Louise Rosendal
Published: October 2021

This article addresses the practice of shared readings at The Danish Academy of Creative Writing. It argues that these readings represent exploratory talk as a method of reading the aesthetic dimensions of literary texts. Moreover, it points out that both exploratory approaches and aesthetic readings are of increasing interest within the field of didactical research. The article aims to investigate the shared readings at the Danish Academy of Creative Writing as a supplement to the highly analytical classroom conversations about literature in Danish high schools.
I hovedet på en læser
Authors: Pennlert Julia
Published: October 2021

Reading has historically been framed both as a social and as an individual activity. During the last decade, the development of digital technologies has shed a new light on reading as a social practice, where readers can meet and share their reading experiences with others online. This article aims to chart the social traces that digital audiobook readers leave behind by analyzing reviews posted in the streaming service Storytel’s app and discussions between readers published in the Swedish Facebook-group “Talk about Audiobooks”. Drawing on theoretical insights from i.a. Elizabeth Long and Rita Felski, the article characterizes audiobook-users’ modes of reading and using literature.
Postlitteraten og den genfundne begejstring
Authors: Nyegaard Ole
Published: October 2021

The article discusses audiobooks from the listener’s perspective and examines how the circumstances under which you listen determine which types of audiobooks suit you best; how audiobooks affect works of literature; and how the good audiobook enhances the written work.
Lydbogsbrugere og folkebiblioteket
Authors: Wallin Birgitta , Michnik Katarina , Eriksson Catarina
Published: October 2021

The use of audiobooks has risen significantly during the last few years in Sweden, a trend reflected in increasing demands for public libraries to provide their users with these books. Digital books are by no means a new phenomenon in public libraries, but the marked interest in borrowing audiobooks and new ways of distributing have led to changes in public libraries’ digital services and a redistribution of media budgets. This article describes who the audiobook users are and which other media they use. Building on this information, the article asks what challenges the demographic data of audiobook users – such as gender, age, and level of education – may pose for public libraries. Based on a quantitative analysis of survey data from Sweden, it is concluded that audiobook use is more common among young, well-educated people with a high level of digital literacy. Subscription services appear to be more popular among audiobook users, as their sale numbers are higher than lending numbers at public libraries. Nevertheless, the conclusions are that audiobooks have a place in public libraries, as they increase the service to communities and have the potential to reach new users. However, it is unclear if public libraries are reaching new groups by offering audiobooks; although the use of digital public library services is increasing, these services are mainly used by people who are already library visitors, and the public library seems to be primarily associated with the printed book.
Den leende og legende Blixen
Authors: Rostbøll Benedikte F.
Published: October 2021

Anmeldelse af: 

Charlotte Engberg: Latter og lettere beruset. Om at læse Karen Blixen, Syddansk Univsersitetsforlag, 2019.
Arbejdets æstetik og politik i Stig Sjödins lyrik
Authors: Nilsson Magnus
Published: October 2021

This article analyses one of the most prominent motifs in Swedish working-class writer Stig Sjödin’s (1917-1993) poetry, namely that of work. The main argument is that Sjödin’s attitudes toward work were conditioned both by his Marxist world-view and by the different audiences for which he was writing. The poetry that he published in the labor-movement press aimed at creating class consciousness among workers and presented work both as something marked by oppression and injustice and as a source of pride. In his poetry collections, he presented industrial labor to an audience of non-workers with the aim of making them aware of the plight of the working class. Here, work was presented in a more univocally negative way than in the poetry printed in the labor-movement press.
Anmelderens anmeldelse af bogen om anmelderen
Authors: Bukdahl Lars
Published: October 2021

Lars Bukdahls anmeldelse af Svend Skiver: Billedstormeren. Lars Bukdahls kritik 1988-2006. Forlaget spring, 2021. 196 sider.
El acceso de los hijos de inmigrantes a la Educación Superior en España ¿una cuestión de origen étnico o de origen social?
Authors: Herrera Cuesta Damián
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo se enmarca dentro de los estudios sobre la Dimensión Social de la Educación Superior (DOES). En él se estudia el peso que la posición socioeconómica tiene en el acceso a la Educación Superior de las segundas generaciones en España. Para ello analizamos la probabilidad de que los estudiantes con antecedentes migratorios y diferentes orígenes socioeconómicos realizaran estudios terciarios durante la segunda década del siglo XXI en contraste con la población autóctona de nuevo ingreso. En nuestros resultados encontramos diferencias significativas en el acceso a la universidad entre los jóvenes con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 21 años, pertenecientes a las segundas generaciones nacidas de matrimonios coétnicos de origen suramericano y norteafricano, lo que podría explicar la actual ralentización de la expansión de la educación terciaria en España.
Tiempo y escuela. Aportación desde la cronobiología y cronopsicología a la Sociología de la Educación. Anotaciones para la reflexión
Authors: Estaún Ferrer Santiago
Published: October 2021

La preocupación por una correcta organización de los horarios escolares se centra en el qué (curriculum), el cómo (metodología) y en el cuándo hay que enseñar, pero este cuando se centra en la mayoría de las veces en cómo distribuir las materias a lo largo de la jornada, o en el tipo de jornada escolar. La cronobiología y cronopsicología centran su mirada en la organización de la propia actividad del ser vivo, la persona, y aportan conocimientos sobre los momentos óptimos de determinadas actividades y la conveniencia de respetarlas dentro de unos márgenes adaptativos, como son la activación y el reposo /sueño, el ritmo atencional, la memoria, y la actividad intelectual en su conjunto, mostrando la complejidad de su integración respetando el reloj biológico a la par que integrarlo socio-culturalmente, de una persona en continuo cambio.
Intervensi Militer Indonesia di Timor Portugis 7 Desember 1975: Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri pada Level Sistem Internasional, Politik Domestik, dan Individu
Authors: Arif Muhamad
Published: October 2021

The focus of this study is on Indonesia's option to conduct military intervention as its foreign policy in Timor Portugis on 7 December 1975. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that influence the government of Indonesia to choose military intervention as in the case of Portuguese Timor. This study uses qualitative approach with data gathered from primary as well as secondary sources and, then, analyzed using descriptive-analytical method. This study concludes that the option to conduct military intervention to Timor Portugis on 7 December 1975 is due to three reasons, i.e.: (1) suportive policies of interested countries, (2) political interaction between foreign policy-making actors in Indonesia, and (3) the personality of President Suharto.//
Radikalisme dalam Aksi Pergerakan Lingkungan: Studi Kasus terhadap Earth Liberation Front (Periode 1996-2011)
Authors: Nirbito Annisa
Published: October 2021

Earth Liberation Front (ELF) is an environmental movement which carries out radical direct actions, making it distinct from the mainstream environmental movements which implements peaceful methods in articulating their voices. Although its radical actions encounter negative responses, ELF still uses direct actions as their main tactic. In this writing, the writer seeks to uncover the reasons behind the use of radical actions by ELF. The writer uses three main concepts to arrive at the answer: civil disobedience, violence, and terrorism by Peter Singer; Gaia hypothesis by James Lovelock; and new radicalism in social movements by David Solnit. Through interviews, qualitative content analysis, and network approach, four main reasons behind the use of direct actions by ELF are found: (1) ELF fights for its environmental norms; (2) commitment to uproot capitalist system; (3) urgency to stop environmental degradation; and (4) its actions are aimed to protect the earth. The key finding in this research is anonymity within ELF, which turns out to be the most important aspect for ELF to maintain the sustainability of its movement.
Norm Exemption in States’ NPT Nuclear Disarmament Obligations
Authors: Masni Melly
Published: October 2021

The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) is highly appreciated for its ability to stop further nuclear proliferation in the world.  Since its existence, this treaty has been said to be successful in preventing potential states from possessing weapons of mass destruction. At least, there are more than 40 states who have the capability to develop their own nuclear programmes, although such programmes are restrained from coming to fruition.  However, this successful story has not taken place in the area of nuclear disarmament. None of its nuclear weapon-owning members seem to proceed with realising a full disarmament aim. This raises the question of why the NPT is unable to achieve success in the field of nuclear disarmament as it has in the field of nuclear non-proliferation. The NPT does not only contain the idea of nuclear non-proliferation, but also the idea of nuclear disarmament. In understanding this question, using a political psychology approach, this study finds that nuclear-weapon states face the so-called moral dilemma between the desire to achieve national interests and the desire to fulfil social demands required by the international norm. By taking advantage of the shortcomings in the NPT narrative as well as relevant world situations, these states attempt to be exempted from dismantling nuclear weapons under their possession.
Dynamics and variability in the pleiotropic effects of adaptation in laboratory budding yeast populations
Authors: Bakerlee Christopher W , Phillips Angela M , Nguyen Ba Alex N , Desai Michael M
Published: October 2021

Evolutionary adaptation to a constant environment is driven by the accumulation of mutations which can have a range of unrealized pleiotropic effects in other environments. These pleiotropic consequences of adaptation can influence the emergence of specialists or generalists, and are critical for evolution in temporally or spatially fluctuating environments. While many experiments have examined the pleiotropic effects of adaptation at a snapshot in time, very few have observed the dynamics by which these effects emerge and evolve. Here, we propagated hundreds of diploid and haploid laboratory budding yeast populations in each of three environments, and then assayed their fitness in multiple environments over 1000 generations of evolution. We find that replicate populations evolved in the same condition share common patterns of pleiotropic effects across other environments, which emerge within the first several hundred generations of evolution. However, we also find dynamic and environment-specific variability within these trends: variability in pleiotropic effects tends to increase over time, with the extent of variability depending on the evolution environment. These results suggest shifting and overlapping contributions of chance and contingency to the pleiotropic effects of adaptation, which could influence evolutionary trajectories in complex environments that fluctuate across space and time.
microRNA-mediated regulation of microRNA machinery controls cell fate decisions
Authors: Liu Qiuying , Novak Mariah K , Pepin Rachel M , Eich Taylor , Hu Wenqian
Published: October 2021

microRNAs associate with Argonaute proteins, forming the microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), to repress target gene expression post-transcriptionally. Although microRNAs are critical regulators in mammalian cell differentiation, our understanding of how microRNA machinery, such as the miRISC, are regulated during development is still limited. We previously showed that repressing the production of one Argonaute protein, Ago2, by Trim71 is important for mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) self-renewal (Liu et al., 2021). Here, we show that among the four Argonaute proteins in mammals, Ago2 is the major developmentally regulated Argonaute protein in mESCs. Moreover, in pluripotency, besides the Trim71-mediated regulation of Ago2 (Liu et al., 2021), Mir182/Mir183 also repress Ago2. Specific inhibition of this microRNA-mediated repression results in stemness defects and accelerated differentiation through the let-7 microRNA pathway. These results reveal a microRNA-mediated regulatory circuit on microRNA machinery that is critical to maintaining pluripotency.
Insults and Swear Words in the TinTin Comic
Authors: Antoniou Maria
Published: October 2021

Linguists consider insults/swear words as interjections carrying an expressive, cathartic, function, through which the enunciator manifests emotions. We provide a contrastive study of insults/swear words, investigating whether there are specific morphological/syntactic structures pertaining to insults/swear words and discuss the cross-cultural similarities/differences in the pragmatic use of this kind of language, focusing on the perspective of politeness. To do so, we analyse examples drawn from Hergé’s TinTin and their translation into Greek and English, this comic being rich in insults /swear words due to the particularities of the genre of discourse and Captain Haddock’s expressive character. The question is whether the implicit pragmatic/cultural values are the same in all the texts or there are important differences, which can be traced, deriving from the particularities of each of the languages of study. It emerged that the Greek chosen utterances reflect all the parameters influencing the original: phonological, semantic, pragmatic, stylistic. The English version seems to be more distant on all levels of analysis. The (non)preservation of the parameters depends on the peculiarities of the Greek, French and English languages and on the collective images of the recipients. Our conclusions match previous researches, proving Greek as positive politeness oriented, opposed to English (see also Romero 2000; Sifianou 2001).
Labour-law Basic Terminology Based on the Polish Labour Code
Authors: Rzepkowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2021

The paper discusses two approaches to compiling lists of labour-law basic terminology (BT): a frequency-based approach and a concept-based one. The purpose of the paper is to compare each of the methods based on two sets of basic terminology selected in accordance with them. Using the first method, terms are selected via an automatic search of keywords and terms and organised according to frequency with the use of Sketch Engine. The second means of term extraction is a concept-based approach in which terms are selected based on the table of contents of the Polish Labour Code, which, for the purposes of the study, is assumed to outline the terminological system of Polish labour law. The results of this research are reviewed from the viewpoint of terms’ frequency, the number of words they consist of, systemic relations between terms in the labour-law terminological system, and potential users and their needs. This has allowed the author to draw a few conclusions as to the characteristics of the approaches taken, and the applicability and usefulness of lists of BT compiled on their bases.
Przekład i (bez)krytyczna analiza dyskursu
Authors: Muskat-Tabakowska Elżbieta
Published: October 2021

Celem artykułu jest potwierdzenie tezy, że postulat transdyscyplinarności, wysuwany w  rozważaniach dotyczących współczesnego przekładoznawstwa, znajduje uzasadnienie w zbieżności podstawowych  założeń językoznawstwa kognitywnego, krytycznej analizy dyskursu i wiedzy o przekładzie. „Zwrot kulturowy” w przekładoznawstwie, odnotowany w tym samym czasie, co „zwrot kognitywny” w nauce o języku, oznacza  możliwość wkroczenia obu dyscyplin na teren praktycznie  zarezerwowany dla badań nad krytyczną analizą dyskursu. Przełamanie niechęci lub braku zainteresowania dla sąsiednich dyscyplin  prowadzi do rozszerzenia wspólnej płaszczyzny działania. Tezę ilustruje studium przypadku: przykład tłumaczenia tekstu, o którego językowym kształcie decyduje szeroki kontekst społeczny i kulturowy.
Applications of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Diagnosis of Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aldobali Mahmood , Urooj Shabana , Chhabra Harvinder Singh , Pal Kirti
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a safe, non-invasive, painless, portable, and inexpensive technology that has the prospect to provide information related to the dynamic performance of the human body. Body Composition (BC) assessment is widely accepted as a clinical method to diagnose and evaluate disease status. Aim: To predict and validate the applicability of BIA in diagnosis of diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Heart Failure (HF), Pregnancy and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Materials and Methods: A systematic clinical review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines {PubMed, The Cochrane Archive, Web of Research, Medline, and SPORTDiscus with complete text (EBSCO)}. A literature review was carried out randomly, from 2000 to 2018, published in English; the keyword combinations were evaluated using Boolean operators “OR” and “AND” for BIA, CKD, COPD, HF, Pregnancy, SCI. Results: A total of 1156 search terms, 1139 citations were excluded, and 17 potentially qualifying articles were shortlisted. Hence, as per the inclusion criteria, three articles on COPD, three articles on CKD, three articles on pregnancy, four articles on HF, and four SCI articles were shortlisted. Conclusion: The calculated BIA parameters showed that the patient’s actual health could be analysed quickly to monitor the disease progression and provide significant advances in developing therapies for the diseases. However, this paper recommends further study on BIA to improve a clinical assessment of BC.
Epidemiological Profile and Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Pune, India
Authors: Sondankar Prachi D , Agawane Shubhangi U , Mane Abhay B , Chawla Parvinder S
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread throughout the world from its place of origin in Wuhan city of China. From origin in December 2019 till May 2021, this disease affected 222 countries in the world with 152,534,452 confirmed cases. As on May 2021, India is the second worst affected country in the world. Aim: To know the epidemiological profile and clinical outcome of COVID-19 positive patients to help in understanding the disease dynamics. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional, record based study at a tertiary care hospital. All the COVID-19 laboratory confirmed positive patients admitted from 15th June, 2020 to 15th September, 2020 were included in the study. Sample size was 1146. All the required data regarding patients were collected and analysed subsequently with the help of percentages, Z-test for proportion, Chi-square test and Odds ratio. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.06 ±17.4 years ranging from 1 to 92 years. Males were significantly higher in numbers than females. 30.19% patients had some or other co-morbidities. 89.8% patients were discharged and 9.2% patients died. More number of deaths occurred in higher age group and highest death rate was seen in the patients who had multiple co-morbidities. Conclusion: The study concludes that most of the COVID-19 patients were middle aged and males were significantly more affected than females. Most of the patients were asymptomatic at the time of admission. It can be concluded that maximum patients had favourable clinical outcome as around 90% patients being discharged and case fatality rate was 9.2%. High rate of mortality was significantly associated with higher age and presence of co-morbidities.
INVESTIGAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA: UMA ALTERNATIVA METODOLÓGICA PARA O ENSINO DA GEOMETRIA COM ALUNOS DO 5º ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL / MATHEMATICAL RESEARCH: A METHODOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR TEACHING GEOMETRY WITH STUDENTS OF THE 5th YEAR OF FUNDAMENTAL EDUCATION
Authors: Vian Joseane Marta , Quartieri Marli Teresinha
Published: October 2021

Neste trabalho, teve-se por objetivo, analisar estratégias que os alunos de uma turma de 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, utilizam ao realizar tarefas investigativas, envolvendo o cálculo de áreas e perímetros de figuras planas. Ademais procurou-se, investigar as conjecturas elaboradas por estes alunos para comparar figuras de mesma área, mas com valores de perímetros diferentes e vice-versa. Foram utilizadas as etapas propostas por Ponte, Brocardo e Oliveira (2006), para desenvolver duas tarefas envolvendo a Investigação Matemática.  Como instrumentos de coletas de dados foram utilizados diários de campo, resolução de tarefas, observações, questionários, gravação de voz e filmagens. Para a análise dos dados, optou-se pela análise descritiva, que consiste na descrição de características de determinados fenômenos. Para a resolução das tarefas investigativas propostas os alunos usaram o material concreto e o desenho. Percebeu-se que o trabalho em grupo foi produtivo, para elaboração das conjecturas e compreensão dos conceitos geométricos.
CONSTRUÇÃO SOCIAL DO CONHECIMENTO: A EPISTEMOLOGIA DE GÉRARD FOUREZ / SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE: THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF GÉRARD FOUREZ
Authors: Mesquita Adriano Santos de , Grando Regina Célia
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo refletimos sobre a construção do conhecimento na perspectiva de Gérard Fourez, epistemólogo belga, estudioso de questões relativas à Epistemologia, à Ética e à Filosofia da Educação. Nosso objetivo é compreender o posicionamento epistemológico do autor e sua relação à Educação em Ciências. O percurso metodológico diz respeito à leitura e nossas reflexões relativas à parte da obra de Fourez, além de indicarmos contribuições para o ensino de ciências por meio de processos de tomadas de decisão possibilitadas pela alfabetização científica e tecnológica como objetivo da epistemologia aqui apresentada. De acordo com as obras lidas, corroboramos que a visão epistemológica de Fourez se estrutura em torno da perspectiva socioconstrutivista ao considerar os saberes construídos culturalmente; dessa forma, ambos, conhecimento científico e conhecimento popular são legitimados nos processos epistemológicos. Compreendemos que a ciência, na visão do autor, se revela como uma construção sócio-histórica feita por humanos e para humanos.
ENSINAR E APRENDER CIÊNCIAS: REFLEXÕES E IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NA ESCOLA / SCIENCES TEACHING AND LEARNING: REFLECTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH EDUCATION AT SCHOOL
Authors: Venturi Tiago , Mohr Adriana
Published: October 2021

O estudo caracteriza-se como ensaio teórico cujo objetivo é discutir questões sobre ensinar e aprender ciências e propor possibilidades para o desenvolvimento da Educação em Saúde sob uma perspectiva pedagógica na escola. Para tanto, as reflexões fundamentam-se em argumentos teóricos, como perfis conceituais, alfabetização científica, sociointeracionismo, que buscam superar o indesejado modelo normativo e comportamentalista, comumente adotado pela Educação em Saúde, considerado incompatível com os atuais objetivos do Ensino de Ciências e da instituição escolar. Propõe-se uma ferramenta que permite compreender a interação entre os diferentes conhecimentos, sua relação com o comportamento em saúde e discute-se suas implicações para a proposição dos objetivos da Educação em Saúde. Como contribuições à Educação Científica, propõe-se que a Educação em Saúde tenha como compromisso, a construção de conhecimentos em saúde interdisciplinares e contextualizados. Abordagem esta, centrada na formação para a prática da autonomia nas tomadas de decisões conscientes, responsáveis e socialmente justas.
IN SILICO STUDIES OF N-(PHENYL SUBSTITUTED) 2-([PHENYL SUBSTITUTED) METHYLIDENE] AMINO)-N,4- DIPHENYL-6H-1,3-OXAZIN-6-AMINE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS
Authors: Beena K.P.
Published: October 2021

Resistance to bacteria is a growing threat to human health worldwide. The rate of discovery of new antibacterial is far outshined by the rate at which resistance is spreading. Therefore, there remains a pressing need for the development of new antibacterial drugs. Recent alarm estimates that deaths due to antimicrobial resistance may increase from 700,000 million lives annually by 2050. Glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN-6-P) synthase represents an interesting protein target because it plays an essential role in the protection of cell wall. The primary aim and objective of this study is to identify lead molecules as promising antibacterial agents by inhibiting Glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN-6-P) synthase enzyme. Autodock 4. 2, the effective tool for exploring the binding affinity of small molecule to enzyme target was used to study the interactions between the oxazine derivatives and the GlcN-6-P synthase binding site. The ligands were optimized for improving their efficacy and safety. Lead optimization was performed using Molinspiration server and the ligands were optimized for evaluating their oral bioavailability. With Glucosamine 6 phosphate synthase receptor, the binding energy was found to be best for 5 compounds SZ-3 (-5.27 kcal/mol), SZ-4 (-6.02 kcal/mol), SZ-5 (-5.35 kcal/mol), SZ-8 (-5.62kcal/mol), SZ-10 (-5.29 kcal/mol) when compared to the standard ligand, Ciprofloxacin (-5.09 kcal/mol) and were interacting well with the key residues TYR 304, GLU 438, LEU 484. Docking study strongly enhanced the activity of oxazine derivatives as new discovered hits.
Forecasting Students’ Final Exam: Results Using Multiple Regression Analysis in an Undergraduate Business Statistics Course
Authors: Egodawatte Gunawardena
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the development of a multiple regression model to predict the final examination marks of students in an undergraduate business statistics course. The marks of a sample of 366 students in the Winter 2017 semester were used to fit the regression model. The final model contained three predictor variables namely two test marks and the homework assignment mark. The marks of another 194 students from Winter 2018 were used to validate the model. The model validation showed that it can be used for future cohorts of students for prediction. The two main objectives of the study were to use the model as a teaching tool in class and to use the model to predict final examination marks of future students.
Endometrial Osseus Metaplasia during Infertility Evaluation: A Case Series
Authors: Imaralu J. O. , Akadri A. A. , Solaja T. O. , Odelola O. I. , Nwankpa C. C.
Published: October 2021

Aims: To highlight the pathogenesis of endometrial osseus metaplasia, its importance as a rare cause of infertility and the benefit of hysteroscopic evaluation of infertile women with risk factors for osseus metaplasia.

Presentation of Case: A diagnosis of endometrial osseus metaplasia was confirmed histologically in three women undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy as part of infertility evaluation. They all had chronic vaginal discharge and a preceding history of induced second trimester abortion. Two of the patients were referred for evaluation before in-vitro-fertilization (IVF). Hysteroscopy was done with a 30° telescope, initially using a 2-channel diagnostic sheath, which was later replaced with a 4-channel operating sheath for tissue retrieval.

Discussion: Endometrial osseus metaplasia is a rare condition characterized by the presence of mature or immature bone in the endometrial cavity. Endometrial retention of embryonic tissue following an abortion is the commonest theory of etio-pathogenesis. It is an important cause of infertility and while other causes of infertility can be easily by-passed in an IVF cycle, endometrial factors may not be addressed by IVF alone, as a defective endometrium is a risk for failure. Although there is no consensus on routine hysteroscopy for women undergoing IVF, it is the mainstay of evaluation and treatment of women with endometrial osseus metaplasia.

Conclusion: Only complete removal of metaplastic tissue would restore fertility, in patients with osseus metaplasia. Hysteroscopy done in infertile women with risk factors for endometrial osseus metaplasia may enhance early treatment and ultimately increase successful spontaneous and IVF pregnancy rates.
Knowledge Attitude and Perception (KAP) of Patients towards Analgesics Use: A Cross-Sectional Study in Outpatient Pharmacy Settings
Authors: Paramalingam Pavitashini A/P , James Rita Pauline Sanjivi A/P , Zahari Nurulsyazienna , Sethuraman Nanthinisri A/P , Jalil Aina Amanina Abdul , Rani Nur Najihah Izzati Mat
Published: October 2021

Aims: This study aimed to explore and determine patients' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about the use of analgesics.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study by using structured, researcher-assisted survey questionnaire with a representative sample of patients in Hospital Selama.

Place and Duration of Study: Regardless of their clinical conditions, 272 patients who visited the outpatient pharmacy in Hospital, Selama, Perak Malaysia, and obtained NSAIDs were interviewed. The patients' knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of NSAID side effects were recorded.

Methodology: To perform this study, structured self-administered questionnaires will be constructed after a comprehensive literature review. A panel of experts comprising of research academicians will discuss, review, and verify the content of the questionnaire, and it will be subjected to revision based on their recommendations. The questionnaire will be written in Malay and English and will be translated into both languages. Pilot research on 20 patients will be done prior to the study to assess the reliability of the validated questionnaire. The results of the pilot research will be used to make final adjustments. Cronbach's alpha test will be used to assess internal consistency, with alpha=0.40 established as the lowest acceptable value for validity.

Results: There was no correlation between patient knowledge, attitudes, or perceptions about the use of analgesics. As a consequence, at Hospital Selama's outpatient pharmacy department, patients' knowledge, attitude, and perceptions about analgesic use were not substantially associated. A more in-depth investigation of the key reason why the majority of patients have commonly prescribed analgesics and often seek extra explanations despite being given adequate information is required.
Influence of the Foam Morphology on the Mechanical Behavior of Flow‐Through Foam Filters During Filtration Processes
Authors: Lange Nils , Abendroth Martin , Werzner Eric , Hütter Geralf , Kiefer Bjoern
Published: October 2021

Artificial foam structures are used in all kinds of applications, for example, in filters, where non‐metallic inclusions are filtered out of the molten metal. The flow‐through of the fluid leads to a mechanical loading, which is influenced by the flow velocity, the viscosity of the fluid, the foam morphology, and the shape of the filter. Analytical and numerical approaches are being used to study the influence of different parameters on the mechanical response and the impact on local stresses at the foam struts. Finite element models of the foams are used to evaluate the homogenized stiffness tensor and to determine maximal local stresses in dependence of the macroscopic strain. On the macroscopic filter scale, an orthotropic Mindlin plate model is deployed. The results are compared with a FE2‐simulation.
Nanophotonic Color Routing
Authors: Chen Qin , Nan Xianghong , Chen Mingjie , Pan Dahui , Yang Xianguang , Wen Long
Published: October 2021

Recent advances in low‐dimensional materials and nanofabrication technologies have stimulated many breakthroughs in the field of nanophotonics such as metamaterials and plasmonics that provide efficient ways of light manipulation at a subwavelength scale. The representative structure‐induced spectral engineering techniques have demonstrated superior design of freedom compared with natural materials such as pigment/dye. In particular, the emerging spectral routing scheme enables extraordinary light manipulation in both frequency‐domain and spatial‐domain with high‐efficiency utilization of the full spectrum, which is critically important for various applications and may open up entirely new operating paradigms. In this review, a comparative introduction on the operating mechanisms of spectral routing and spectral filtering schemes is given and recent progress on various color nanorouters based on metasurfaces, plasmonics, dielectric antennas is reviewed with a focus on the potential application in high‐resolution imaging. With a thorough analysis and discussion on the advanced properties and drawbacks of various techniques, this report is expected to provide an overview and vision for the future development and application of nanophotonic color (spectral) routing techniques.
Research Progress of Intramolecular π‐Stacked Small Molecules for Device Applications
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Yi , Qu Yang‐Kun , Liao Liang‐Sheng , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Lee Shuit‐Tong
Published: October 2021

Organic semiconductors can be designed and constructed in π‐stacked structures instead of the conventional π‐conjugated structures. Through‐space interaction (TSI) occurs in π‐stacked optoelectronic materials. Thus, unlike electronic coupling along the conjugated chain, the functional groups can stack closely to facilitate spatial electron communication. Using π‐stacked motifs, chemists and materials scientists can find new ways for constructing materials with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), and room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP), as well as enhanced molecular conductance. Organic optoelectronic devices based on π‐stacked molecules have exhibited very promising performance, with some of them exceeding π‐conjugated analogues. Recently, reports on various organic π‐stacked structures have grown rapidly, prompting this review. Representative molecular scaffolds and newly developed π‐stacked systems could stimulate more attention on through‐space charge transfer the well‐known through‐bond charge transfer. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for utilizing and improving particular materials are discussed. The previous achievements and upcoming prospects may provide new insights into the theory, materials, and devices in the field of organic semiconductors.
Redox Targeting of Energy Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Gao Mengqi , Huang Shiqiang , Zhang Hang , Wang Xun , Liu Lijun , Han Ming , Wang Qing
Published: October 2021

The redox‐targeting (RT) process or redox‐mediated process, which provides great operation flexibility in circumventing the constraints intrinsically posed by the conventional electrochemical systems, is intriguing for various energy storage and conversion applications. Implementation of the RT reactions in redox‐flow cells, which involves a close‐loop electrochemical–chemical cycle between an electrolyte‐borne redox mediator and an energy storage or conversion material, not only boosts the energy density of flow battery system, but also offers a versatile research platform applied to a wide variety of chemistries for different applications. Here, the recent progress of RT‐based energy storage and conversion systems is summarized and great versatility of RT processes for various energy‐related applications is demonstrated, particularly for large‐scale energy storage, spatially decoupled water electrolysis, electrolytic N2 reduction, thermal‐to‐electrical conversion, spent battery material recycling, and more. The working principle, materials aspects, and factors dictating the operation are highlighted to reveal the critical roles of RT reactions for each application. In addition, the challenges lying ahead for deployment are stated and recommendations for addressing these constraints are provided. It is anticipated that the RT concept of energy materials will provide important implications and eventually offer a credible solution for advanced large‐scale energy storage and conversion.
E‐FLOAT: Extractable Floating Liquid Gel‐Based Organ‐on‐a‐Chip for Airway Tissue Modeling under Airflow
Authors: Park Siwan , Young Edmond W. K.
Published: October 2021

Microfluidic lung‐on‐a‐chip systems are increasingly attractive tools for studying lung physiology and function because of their ability to accurately recapitulate spatiotemporal features of the airway tissue microenvironment including cellular organization, tissue architecture, and mechanical cues such as cyclic stretching and airflow. However, most lung‐on‐a‐chip devices to date rely on integrated design elements like membranes for airway cell culture, and focus mainly on enabling on‐chip monitoring and analysis while neglecting the need for off‐chip analysis. Here, an extractable floating liquid‐gel‐based organ‐on‐a‐chip for airway tissue modeling referred to as “E‐FLOAT” is described that is arrayable, scalable, and uniquely amenable to withstand physiologic airflow by microanchors. It is shown that E‐FLOAT can be combined with a custom airflow system that permits controlled injection of particulate matter for air pollution studies. Results show that airflow is critical to efficiently achieving physiologic mimicry of airway epithelium composition, tight junction expression, mucus production, and cilia formation on epithelial cells. It is also shown that E‐FLOAT allows standard on‐chip analysis while permitting complete sample extraction and off‐chip analysis via immunocytochemistry, microscopy, and histological sectioning and staining, thereby expanding the number and types of biological assays that can be used and questions that can be tackled.
Unraveling the Role of Oxides in Electrochemical Performance of Activated Carbons for High Voltage Symmetric Electric Double‐Layer Capacitors
Authors: Khayyam Nekouei Rasoul , S. Mofarah Sajjad , Maroufi Samane , Wang Wei , Mansuri Irshad , Sahajwalla Veena
Published: October 2021

Having control over the architecture of functional materials to maximize their exposed surface area and the working potential window is critical yet challenging for surface‐sensitive applications, including energy storage and environmental remediation. Herein, a sustainable and green strategy is established to fabricate activated carbon (AC) materials with designed microstructures including stratified architecture comprising stacked nanosheets with a surface area of 1743 m2 g−1 and 3D scaffold with homogeneously distributed surface nanoholes with surface area as high as 2120 m2 g−1. An optimized pathway toward the fabrication of symmetric supercapacitors (SCs), highlighting impacts of AC precursors, activation process, and oxide nanostructures on electrochemical behaviors of the resultant ACs, is also offered. The representative symmetric two‐ and three‐electrode electric double‐layer capacitor (EDLC) configuration cells are fabricated using coffee‐ and textile‐derived ACs with high gravimetric capacitances of 377 and 356 F g−1, respectively. Coffee‐derived AC exhibits excellent capacitance retention of 93% after ≈18 000 cycles under a remarkable potential window of 2.7 V in aqueous media. The findings broaden the current understanding on the optimization of electrochemical behavior of ACs using structural and morphological modifications, while uncovering the impacts of oxides on improving both energy density and cycling stability of AC‐based SCs.
Richard Ernst (1933–2021)
Authors: Bodenhausen Geoffrey , Ernst Matthias , Griesinger Christian , Keller Tony , Kessler Horst , Meier Beat , Wokaun Alexander
Published: October 2021

Richard Ernst, pioneer of NMR spectroscopy and Nobel prize winner for chemistry, passed away on June 4th 2021 in his home town of Winterthur. He was among the developers of Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy, and later extended this to two‐ and higher‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy. His work laid the foundations for present‐day use of NMR spectroscopy as a universal tool to investigate materials and chemically or biologically relevant molecules.
Corrosion and protection of galvanized steel in vegetation‐growing concrete in marine environment (I): Corrosion performance
Authors: Shiyuan Xiong , Xiaole Huang , Wennian Xu , Xiaoping Guo , Shuan Liu
Published: October 2021

Galvanized steel has excellent corrosion resistance in atmospheric and soil corrosive environments, because a dense and passive zinc oxide film, formed on the surface could effectively inhibit the corrosion of the Fe substrate. The galvanized steel wire has been widely embedded in vegetation‐growing concrete for reinforcement and showed good corrosion resistance and strengthening performance. However, in the marine area, the corrosion rate of galvanized steel is accelerated, and the galvanized steel wire will be failed in vegetation‐growing concrete in a short time. This study has been carried out with a view to analyze the corrosion performance and corrosion mechanism of galvanized steel wire embedded in vegetation‐growing concrete in the marine environment. EIS and Tafel curves were employed to study the corrosion performance of galvanized steel under different chloride concentrations and temperatures in vegetation‐growing concrete lixivium. Results showed that the corrosion rate of galvanized steel increased with the increase of chloride concentration and the temperature in vegetation‐growing concrete lixivium.
Lightweight, flexible, and heat‐insulated phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA) with adjustable flexibility and high compressive resilience property
Authors: Liu Xinchao , Sun Jiancheng , Yuan Fang , Ye Changshou , Zhang Rubing
Published: October 2021

Phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA) as a typical lightweight ceramic ablative material is widely used in thermal protection systems (TPS). However, the rigidity and poor mechanical property of the existing PICA limit its application in flexible TPS. For the purpose of solving these problems, a novel lightweight, flexible, and heat‐insulated PICA material is first successfully fabricated using resorcinol‐formaldehyde (RF) aerogel as matrix and flexible carbon fiber felt as reinforcement through vacuum impregnating and ambient pressure drying. The prepared composites have relatively low densities (0.20 ~ 0.27 g/cm3) and low thermal conductivities (~0.11 W/[m·K]) at room temperature. The flexible PICA has adjustable flexibility through changing the RF concentration of impregnated sols and exhibits excellent folding endurance, which can be folded more than 500 times without fracture. The material can recover to its original shape without fracture when the compressive strain is up to 60%, which shows high compressive resilience properties. The result of the back‐face temperature test indicates the prepared flexible PICA composite has improved thermal insulation property at high temperature by impregnating with RF aerogels. These results demonstrate the flexible PICA prepared in this work is a promising material that can be used in the flexible thermal protection field of aerospace.
Understanding Component‐Specific Contributions and Internal Dynamics in Silicon/Graphite Blended Electrodes for High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Heubner Christian , Liebmann Tobias , Lohrberg Oliver , Cangaz Sahin , Maletti Sebastian , Michaelis Alexander
Published: October 2021

Blended electrode materials containing high‐capacity silicon (Si) and robust graphite (Gr) materials are considered advanced alternatives to pure graphite electrodes used in Li‐ion batteries. Understanding the component‐specific lithiation and delithiation behavior and electrochemical interactions between the blended materials is of crucial importance for targeted optimization of composition and microstructural design, yet hardly addressed to date. Herein, a model‐like Si/Gr blended electrode and special electrochemical cell are introduced to directly capture the component specific behaviors for the first time. This includes studies of the formation cycles, the reaction distribution between Si and Gr, the component‐specific contributions to the capacity at different charge and discharge rates, and the internal dynamics during pulse loads and subsequent relaxation. The deconvolution of the components’ behavior during operation provides fundamental insights that contribute to a profound understanding and targeted optimization of Si/Gr blended electrodes. Furthermore, the application of the presented experimental approach can serve scientists to identify and study other advanced materials combinations as blended electrodes for rechargeable batteries.
The impact of air pollution on the cost of debt financing: Evidence from the bond market
Authors: Tan Jianhua , Chan Kam C. , Chen Yining
Published: October 2021

This study investigates whether bond markets reflect firms' exposure to air pollution through an increased cost of debt financing; and, if so, whether firms can mitigate this air pollution penalty via effective governance and active monitoring. Using 1067 bonds issued by Chinese firms, we document a positive association between air pollution and the cost of debt financing, and this association is robust and economically meaningful. Specifically, with a one standard deviation increase in air pollution severity, a firm's bond yield spread increases approximately 16% relative to an average bond. Additional analysis suggests that credit risk and financial uncertainty are the transmission channels. Our results also confirm that strengthened corporate governance, active board and external monitoring, and a stabilized economic environment further enhance the impact of air pollution on a firm's cost of debt. Overall, air pollution has a material change in a firm's business strategy in using debt.