bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Implementasi Aplikasi Pembelajaran Interaktif Calistung Dengan Pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: AR Khairan , Ridwan Ridwan , Saidah Hidayatus
Published: September 2021

The advancement of smartphone technology has an impact in the field of education, especially in application-based interactive learning media. Based on the results of interviews at the Paya Laba Public Elementary School (SDN), some of the students have difficulty in using interactive learning media based on applications, ranging from operating skills, equipment, habits, benefits and others. Thus, to measure the level of acceptance of the use of interactive learning applications for reading, writing and arithmetic skills at SDN Paya Laba culd conducted by using a theoretical method which described the level of technology acceptance, namely the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). However, the study aims to analyze the implementation of interactive learning reading, writing, arithmetic based on android applications. The test was run by measuring the influence between variables in the TAM model, which labelling as Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, and Attitude towards Using Technology, Behavioral Intention to Use and Actual Technology Use. The data in this study were obtained from questionnaires which filled out by the respondents. The data analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling approach based on Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) by using the SmartPLS application. The stages of data analysis started from designing the structural model, designing the measurement model, evaluating the measurement model, evaluating the structural model, and testing the hypothesis. From the research results based on the seven proposed hypotheses, there are six hypotheses declared accepted and one hypothesis rejected.
Tradisi Meurukon dalam Masyarakat Muara Batu Aceh Utara: Sebuah Kajian Sosial Budaya dan Pesan Teologi
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Fitria Nella , Musdawati Musdawati
Published: September 2021

Meurukon is a religious tradition that still exists and develops in Acehnese society. This tradition is used as a means of religious education for teenagers in Aceh. This meurukon tradition includes: theology, Islamic law and Sufism. This article examines theological values in the meurukon tradition that is practiced in the Muara Batu community, North Aceh. Data obtained through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis method. This study concludes, First, the Merukon tradition is described as a religious tradition that is manifested in poetry or nazam which is carried out in groups and led by a chief (shaikh). This activity is carried out in a dialogical way (sue-eu, jaweub) in which the chairperson questions a certain problem, which is then answered together by group members. Second, the main material contained in this meurukon tradition is a matter of faith or theology. The discussion related to this theology covers several aspects, such as about the nature of Allah and the messengers, both obligatory, impossible and jaiz, as well as about angels, books and the afterlife. This tradition is known as a cultural heritage that contains educational values in the Tauhid education among the Acehnese people.
Effect of Dietary Challenges on the Flexural Properties of Resin-based Composites
Authors: Yahya Noor Azlin , Lim Shi Yin , Gonzalez Maria Angela Garcia
Published: September 2021

This study aims to compare flexural strength and flexural modulus of different resin-based composites (RBCs) and to determine the impact of dietary solvents on flexural properties. Forty specimens (12x2x2mm) for each of two conventional (Aura Easy [AE]; Harmonize [HN]) and one bulk fill (Sonic Fill 2 [SF2]) were fabricated using customised plastic moulds. Specimens were light-cured, measured and randomly divided into four groups. The groups (n=10) were conditioned for 7 days at 37°C: in one of media: air (control), artificial saliva (SAGF), 0.02N citric acid and 50% ethanol–water solution. After conditioning, the specimens subjected to flexural testing. Two-way ANOVA and one-way ANOVA (post hoc: Tukey’s or Dunnett T3 tests) were used at a=0.05. Significant differences in flexural properties were observed between materials and conditioning media. Flexural strength and modulus values ranged from 124.85MPa to 51.25MPa; and 6.76GPa to 4.03GPa, respectively. The highest flexural properties were obtained with conditioning in air. Exposure to aqueous solutions generally reduced flexural properties. In conclusion, the effect of dietary solvents on flexural properties were material and medium dependent. For functional longevity of restorations, patients’ alcohol intake should be considered during material selection. Dietary advice (reduce alcohol consumption) should be given to patients post operatively.
Revisão bibliográfica sobre o uso do iodofórmio em endodontia
Authors: Aydos Jorge Hugo , Milano Nicolau F.
Published: September 2021

The authors had studied the use of lodoformio in endodontics based on the literature review. The three main topics researched related with the material was, radiopacity, antimicrobial capacity and the possibility to be a biological stimulant imponing the apical tissue healing.
Perspectiva de localização profissional entre alunos da faculdade de odontologia da UFRGS
Authors: Pires Filho Fernando Molinos , Bueno Isaura , Moreira Suzana Gomes
Published: September 2021

The authors presents an analysis of prospect. of profissional localization in Dentistry UFRGS School students, in 1977. Results shows: 1) Before the last half yearly, 42% of students had choose their future professional localization; 2) 72% of them, chose metropoles and that choice grows between the 6º e 8º halÍ yearly students; 3) About 60% of them chose Porto Alegre as their future localization; 4) Nearly 43% that chose Porto Alegre, come from another cities.
Cisto odontogênico ceratinizado: diagnóstico e tratamento
Authors: Sant'Ana Filho Manoel , Barbachan João Jorge Diniz
Published: September 2021

An analyses of the literature about the diagnosis and treatment of Odontogenic Keratocyst and the obtained results in the available causuistry is presented. A sample group of sixteen (16) pacients were studied and evaluated at the Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surge and Traumatology of The Pontifícia Universidad Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul and Independencia Hospital, collected during the period of time between january 1982 to june 1983. After the discussion of the obtained results and evaluation of the opinions from many authors, we recomend the histopatological study to get the correct diagnosis. The treatment must be conservatory surgical with a followup of five (5) years, at least.
Los desafíos de los cuidados como derecho humano universal a dos siglos de vida independiente
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Ana Lucía
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo explicar cómo el avance de los derechos humanos para las mujeres, específicamente en el acceso a la educación, no ha conllevado necesariamente a la efectiva incorporación de ellas al mercado laboral, con consecuencias manifiestas en los índices de desempleo y pobreza de los hogares costarricenses. Se analiza cómo esta disyuntiva no se resolverá en la medida de que no se resuelva el desafío de transformar la organización social basada en la división sexual del trabajo, por un paradigma de corresponsabilidad social de los cuidados, en donde el Estado, el mercado y las familias compartan de manera colectiva los cuidados de personas dependientes y, al mismo tiempo, se integre la noción de los cuidados como un derecho universal en Costa Rica.
La educación en el siglo XXI: Una mirada incipiente desde las neurociencias al quehacer pedagógico
Authors: Anchía-Angulo Lía , Brizuela-Gutiérrez Tobías
Published: September 2021

Por ser la educación el objeto de estudio de la Administración Educativa, constituye una prioridad continua de la administración repensarla. Esa tarea, actualmente, comprende demarcar su rol en la sociedad de la información y el conocimiento, el abordaje más propicio para el desarrollo de las habilidades que esta demanda.

En Costa Rica, este hecho, inexorablemente implica volver la mirada hacia las personas que le dieron un rostro social y cultural a la educación. Entre ellas, María Isabel Carvajal Castro (más conocida como Carmen Lyra), quien proponía la intrínseca relación entre la enseñanza y la construcción de la persona crítica.

En el contexto del bicentenario, el siguiente ensayo tiene como objetivo central puntualizar, de manera crítica y reflexiva, prácticas que el sistema educativo costarricense requiere superar para responder a una educación de calidad. El Séptimo Informe del Estado de la Educación revela que, si bien la intención del Estado apunta a la mejora, no se están alcanzando indicadores satisfactorios.

Con el fin de responder a esa transformación educativa, el artículo intenta sustentar su argumento central con los aportes de neurociencias que, aunque de modo tenue aún, permean el ámbito de la educación costarricense. Un amplio abanico que la dota de múltiples posibilidades de optimizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje para así alejarse de las ya devaluadas prácticas del sistema tradicional y acceder más y mejor a niños y jóvenes.
Tipos de obsolescencia y formas de combatirla desde el derecho privado
Authors: García Goldar Mónica
Published: September 2021

In this paper we will analyse the five forms of obsolescence (programmed, functional, psychological, technological and indirect) as probable causes of the “consumer society” in which we are immersed. We will also propose some measures that can be taken from private law and which, in our opinion, would contribute to the fight against obsolescence and to achieving more sustainable consumption and production methods. These measures include the improvement of pre-contractual information duties, the extension of guarantee periods, the recognition of the right to repair (R2R), as well as the obligation imposed on traders to update digital content or services.
Protección social, pandemia por COVID-19 y Agenda 2030 en Latinoamérica
Authors: Elizondo Nicole
Published: September 2021

The emergence of Covid-19 has placed social protection and care of the family network at the center of the study, as well as the desire to establish a universal and comprehensive agenda for 2030. The serious effects caused by the pandemic suggest that the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) will be limited as a result of the increase in poverty and inequality. For this reason, the objective of this article is to investigate social protection in Latin American countries, especially about the effects of the pandemic in terms of aid, coverage, and benefits in Chile. Then, reflections on the fundamental role of social protection for the fulfillment of the SDGs are presented. And finally, some considerations in this matter.
Cuba y el sistema interamericano. Entre el mito político y la realidad jurídica
Authors: Peña Barrios Raudiel Francisco
Published: September 2021

Se analizará el vínculo jurídico de la República de Cuba con el sistema interamericano, en particular con el Sistema Interamericano de Derecho Humanos (SIDH), al amparo del Derecho Internacional. Con tal propósito, se realizará un estudio histórico-jurídico sobre el origen del sistema interamericano y las relaciones de Cuba con este, previo a 1959. Se procederá a dilucidar cuál es el estatus jurídico que Cuba conserva respecto a dicho sistema, con posterioridad a que se interrumpieran sus relaciones con la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA), en 1962. Por último, se expondrá la actualidad de los nexos jurídicos que aún existen entre el sistema interamericano y el Estado cubano, y algunas reflexiones sobre su posible integración plena en el mentado sistema.
Mecanismos Represivos del Estado Cubano
Authors: Garcés Marrero Roberto
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo analiza algunos de los mecanismos represivos del estado cubano, a saber: los actos de repudio, la regulación, el descrédito y la difamación, la vigilancia panóptica y el hostigamiento policial. Se estudiaron cinco casos típicos, con ocasión de ello, se ha recurrido a Twitter como plataforma de investigación, complementada por publicaciones cubanas independientes y documentales en YouTube. La metodología utilizada está basada en la participación observante y la investigación onlife. Los mecanismos represivos enumerados no son solo de carácter punitivo, al mismo tiempo, van construyendo a los enemigos, que es una de las causales de la aparente cohesión social actual en Cuba a partir del miedo y la desconfianza mutua que generan en la población.
Del Movimiento San Isidro a “Patria y Vida”
Authors: Henken Ted A
Published: September 2021

Hoy día en Cuba hay una lucha sobre el significado, el alcance y la dirección de la revolución digital. ¿Quién la controlará? ¿Quién se beneficiará con ella? ¿Con qué fines se aplicará? El presente artículo analiza las diversas formas, a veces contradictorias, en que los cubanos están empleando las nuevas tecnologías mediáticas para la transformación de la sociedad desde dentro, mediante un análisis del papel de los medios digitales en protestas tales como: el Movimiento San Isidro (MSI), los acontecimientos del 27 de noviembre 2020 (27N) y del 27 de enero 2021 (27E), así como el fenómeno del videoclip viral “Patria y Vida” a finales de febrero 2021. En virtud de este estudio, postulo que son estos cambios internos y el uso de la tecnología por actores locales, los que están conduciendo el impacto de la tecnología digital en la sociedad cubana mucho más que las políticas de estados extranjeros. Adicionalmente, el articulo ubica a Cuba dentro de cinco debates más globales sobre la relación entre la tecnología digital y la política.
The Influence of Mentoring on the Mentee's Self-Efficacy and Job Engagement in the Travel Industry: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy in the System Converged with Information Technology
Authors: Cheon Deok Hee , Yim So Young , Lee Gwang Ock
Published: September 2021

Deok Hee Cheon(천덕희)* , So Young Yim(임소영)** , Gwang Ock Lee(이광옥)***
A class of new type unified non-differentiable higher order symmetric duality theorems over arbitrary cones under generalized assumptions
Authors: Dubey Ramu , Kumar Rajnish , Alam Khursheed , Narayan Mishra , Narayan Mishra
Published: September 2021

In the present paper, a newly combined higher-order non-differentiable symmetric duality in scalar-objective programming over arbitrary cones is formulated. In literature we have discussed primal-dual results with arbitrary cones, while in this article, we have derived combined result with one model over arbitrary cones. The theorems of duality are derived for these problems under ?-pseudoinvexity/?-invexity/C-pseudoconvexity/C-convexity speculations over arbitrary cones.
Smile microesthetics as perceived by dental professionals and laypersons
Authors: Alomari Sawsan A. , Alhaija Elham S. Abu , AlWahadni Ahed M. , Al-Tawachi Akram K.
Published: September 2021

Objectives

To evaluate and compare the perception of different dental professionals and laypersons toward altered gingival characteristics (microesthetics) and to identify those characteristics that are most negatively and positively rated.

Materials and Methods

A smiling photograph of a female dental student was selected and digitally manipulated to create changes in different microesthetic parameters. These altered images were rated by the following five groups: 120 orthodontists, 45 periodontists, 49 prosthodontists, 130 general dentists, and 172 laypersons. Smile esthetics scores were calculated, and comparisons between groups were performed using the univariate general linear model.

Results

The presence of black triangles between the upper incisors was the most negatively rated, and the ideal smile was the most positively rated. Significant differences were detected in the rating scores among the different study groups (P < .05). Orthodontists, prosthodontists, and general dentists scored the presence of a black triangle in the smile as the least attractive, whereas periodontists and laypersons perceived the inflamed gingiva and pigmented gingiva as the least attractive, respectively. Dental specialists tended to give the altered smile images lower scores than the laypersons.

Conclusions

The ideal smile and that with black triangles between the upper incisors were rated as the most and the least attractive smiles, respectively. Orthodontists, prosthodontists, and general dentists scored the presence of black triangles in the smile as the least attractive, whereas periodontists and laypersons perceived the inflamed gingiva and pigmented gingiva as the least attractive smiles, respectively. Dental specialists tended to give the altered smile images lower scores than the laypersons.
Minimal Model–Derived Insulin Sensitivity Index Underestimates Insulin Sensitivity in Black Americans
Authors: Fosam Andin , Yuditskaya Susan , Sarcone Camila , Grewal Shivraj , Fan Hubert , Muniyappa Ranganath
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

To examine the ethnic differences in insulin sensitivity (SI) as measured by the minimal model approach (SI-MM) and the reference method, the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a prospective study design, thirty Black Americans (BA) were age, sex, and BMI matched with non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Participants underwent frequently sampled intravenous tolerance test (FSIVGTT) and EHC on 2 separate days during a single visit.

RESULTS

SI-MM values were significantly lower in BA when compared with NHW (0.035 ± 0.025 vs. 0.058 ± 0.036 [dL/min]/[μU/mL]; P = 0.003). However, there were no ethnic differences in SI measured by EHC (0.028 ± 0.012 vs. 0.035 ± 0.019 [dL/min]/[μU/mL]; P = 0.18).

CONCLUSIONS

SI-MM systematically underestimates SI in BA when compared with NHW. These findings suggest that studies inferring lower SI in BA based on FSIVGTT and SI-MM should be interpreted cautiously.
Coxsackievirus B Vaccines Prevent Infection-Accelerated Diabetes in NOD Mice and Have No Disease-Inducing Effect
Authors: Stone Virginia M , Butrym Marta , Hankaniemi Minna M , Sioofy-Khojine Amir-Babak , Hytönen Vesa P , Hyöty Heikki , Flodström-Tullberg Malin
Published: September 2021

Enteroviruses, including the Coxsackievirus Bs (CVB),
have been implicated as causal agents in human type 1 diabetes. Immunization of
at-risk individuals with a CVB vaccine provides an attractive strategy for
elucidating the role of CVBs in the disease etiology. Previously we have shown
that an inactivated whole-virus vaccine covering all CVB serotypes (CVB1-6) is safe
to administer and highly immunogenic in preclinical models, including non-human
primates. Before initiating clinical trials with this type of vaccine it was
also important to address whether a) the vaccine itself induces adverse immune
reactions including accelerating diabetes onset in a diabetes prone host and b)
the vaccine can prevent CVB induced diabetes in a well-established disease
model. Here we present results from studies in which female NOD mice were left untreated,
mock-vaccinated or vaccinated with CVB1-6 vaccine and monitored for insulitis
occurrence or diabetes development. We demonstrate that vaccination induces
virus neutralizing antibodies without altering insulitis scores or the onset of
diabetes. We also show that NOD mice vaccinated with a CVB1 vaccine are
protected from CVB-induced accelerated disease onset. Taken together, these
studies show that CVB vaccines do not alter islet inflammation or accelerate
disease progression in an animal model that spontaneously develops autoimmune
type 1 diabetes. However, they can prevent CVB-mediated disease progression in
the same model. 
Amor sexual e amor compassivo em Schopenhauer
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Luan
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é o de defender a conexão entre amor sexual e amor compassivo na filosofia de Schopenhauer. Em um primeiro momento, Schopenhauer opõe amor sexual e compaixão, afirma que o primeiro é amor próprio, portanto egoísmo, enquanto o segundo é amor puro genuíno, visa o bem-estar alheio. A oposição inicial entre amor sexual e compaixão diz respeito à oposição fundamental entre compaixão e egoísmo, mas não contempla suficientemente a verdadeira finalidade do amor sexual. Do ponto de vista metafísico, o amor sexual é compassivo, visa o interesse da espécie, que prevalece diante dos interesses individuais.
Práticas do CAPS I e o desafio da desinstitucionalização
Authors: Frazatto Carina Furlaneto , Fernandes Juliana Cristina
Published: September 2021

No Brasil, os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) são serviços de saúde mental que visam, junto a outros dispositivos de atendimento da rede de atenção, garantir o cuidado de base comunitária para as pessoas em sofrimento psíquico. Este texto apresenta um relato de experiência de práticas implementadas por um CAPS I, entre 2011 e 2014, e reflete sobre elas à luz do processo de desinstitucionalização e da Política Nacional de Saúde Mental, Álcool e Outras Drogas brasileira. Tendo como base as práticas desenvolvidas no CAPS em questão, discutem-se: a noção de Projeto Terapêutico Singular, oferecendo uma proposta para guiar suas atualizações; as oficinas terapêuticas como possibilidade de concretizar espaços coletivos de cuidado; e, ações possíveis de serem desenvolvidas no território visando a consolidação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS). Assim, ao revisitar as práticas do CAPS, o texto aponta caminhos e dificuldades para que as mesmas possam tornar-se coerentes e eficazes ante ao desafio da desinstitucionalização.
A Review on Security Aspects and Countermeasures for Cloud Computing
Authors: Maheshwari Rajat
Published: September 2021

For large-scale companies or people that desire a range of system services at a cheap cost, cloud computing is now the most popular phenomena to use. Personal information is frequently kept in a public cloud that is open to the public. This fundamental raises a number of concerns about cloud providers' flexible services, including confidentiality, persistence, and endurance. The paper aims to better understand cloud components, security concerns, and dangers, as well as developing solutions that might help minimise cloud vulnerabilities. It is a well-known truth that the cloud has been a viable hosting platform since 2008; nevertheless, the view of cloud security is that it requires major changes in order to achieve higher rates of adaptability at the corporate scale. Many of the difficulties affecting cloud computing need to be rectified immediately. The industry has made tremendous progress in combating cloud computing risks, but there is still work to be done to reach the level of maturity that traditional/on-premise hosting has.
Fault Analysis using SFCL in the Convertor System at the Load Line
Authors: Baghel Suman , Jarring Sanjeev
Published: September 2021

Among many renewable energy sources, solar energy is considered one of the most promising resources for large-scale electricity generation. Here propose resistive SFCL if a fault occurs in a simple low voltage (LV) network. To assess the impact of SFCL in the power system under study, the space-time approach is used to evaluate the short-circuit current in force and spurious control strategies are suggested to achieve the goal. The results complement the feasibility of the proposed A-ACO-based rationalization control for transmission activity according to the limiting circuit and fault current analyzer. The second model of the bastard chassis concludes that the chassis with residual current limiting circuit and analyzer reduces the expansion of the residual current and prevents the voltage from dropping to zero, that no artificial and temporal innovation is used as before. Intelligence-based computer procedures further shorten the working time, which also makes the frame more efficient, as the voltage is restored to its typical value in a short time if the test frame is played for 1 second in a MATLAB climate / SIMULINK. The time taken by the ACO algorithm to restore normal operating conditions in the line was 0.197 seconds, 0.206 seconds and 0.27 seconds for LLLG, LLG and LG errors, respectively.
A Review Characterization of Some Material Oxides using Ultrasonic Techniques
Authors: Kuldevi Mohini , Srivastava Dr. Sanjeev Kumar
Published: September 2021

Several technological advances have begun in the industry today. With more advances comes a greater risk of errors. Ultrasound techniques are one of the best known methods for detecting defects and increasing efficiency. There are many variations of this technology and each has its own application depending on the needs of the situation. This paper provides an overview of general ultrasound technology and also describes the characterization of materials using ultrasound testing.
Suplementación lipídica para la producción de carne bovina en confinamientos
Authors: Alvarado-Vesga Daniela , Granja-Salcedo Yury Tatiana
Published: September 2021

Los rumiantes consumen cantidades reducidas de lípidos en las dietas limitando así los desempeños productivos, por lo cual incrementar las concentraciones de estos en la dieta permite diversos beneficios como mayor disponibilidad de energía, mejor nivel productivo, aprovechamiento de área y calidad nutricional de productos como carne y leche. En la ganadería de carne los requerimientos energéticos son mayores y los lípidos por ser una fuente extremadamente rica en energía ayudan a un mejor desempeño de peso y a la absorción de vitaminas liposolubles, sin embargo, pueden desencadenar alteraciones en la población y la fermentación ruminal. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo discutir los efectos de la suplementación lipídica sobre el metabolismo ruminal y los microrganismos que habitan ese ecosistema en la producción de carne bajo confinamiento. Investigaciones sugieren que la adición de lípidos permite mejorar la productividad y calidad de la carne, lo cual es importante para la seguridad alimentaria. Además, la evaluación del metabolismo ruminal con dietas lipídicas y sus asociaciones posibilita explorar mejorías en la composición de las mismas, para mejores beneficios productivos y contribuir así con las demandas de proteína.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Gulma Rawa terhadap Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.)
Authors: Asikin Syaiful , Khairullah Izhar
Published: September 2021

Serangga hama ulat grayak merupakan jenis hama yang sangat sulit dikendalikan.  Hama ini dapat menyerang beberapa jenis tanaman terutama jenis tanaman sayuran.  Pada umumnya dalam mengendalikan hama ini, petani selalu bertumpu dengan pestisida kimiawi.  Akibat penggunaannya yang kurang bijak, pestisida kimiawi dapat berdampak negatif bagi lingkungan dan bagi pengguna dan hewan peliharaan.  Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut perlu dicari alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan yaitu dengan menggunakan tanaman sebagai pestisida/insektisida nabati. Tanaman gulma pada umumnya selalu dianggap bersifat negatif karena dapat menjadi sairangan dalam pengambilan hara dan dapat menggganggu proses fotosintesa karena persaingan dalam mendapatkan sinar matahari.  Namun, di lain pihak ada juga gulma yang dapat dijadikan bahan insektisida botani/nabati.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis gulma tegari, babadotan, kirinyuh, peletekan dan  anting-anting pada konsentrasi …% dapat digunakan sebagai  insektisida nabati dalam mengendalikan ulat grayak dengan mortalitas larva masing-masing sekitar 81,33%, 80,0%, 82,66%, 80,00% dan 81,33%.  Dengan demikian tanaman gulma tersebut perlu dilestarikan untuk bahan penggunaan insektisida nabati dalam mengendalikan hama ulat grayak.
Pengaruh Biostimulan dalam Memperlambat Aktivitas Senesen Bidang Sadap Tanaman Karet Terserang Penyakit Kering Alur Sadap di Kecamatan Gelumbang Kabupaten Muara Enim
Authors: Latutoibin Risal , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: September 2021

Salah satu penyebab menurunnya produksi karet adalah gangguan kering alur sadap (KAS). KAS dipicu oleh ketidakseimbangan antara regenerasi lateks di dalam pembuluh lateks dengan pengambilannya melalui penyadapan yang berlebihan atau kelelahan fisiologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi biostimulan dalam memperlambat aktivitas senesen bidang sadap tanaman karet yang  terserang penyakit kering alur sadap. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun karet Desa Tambangan Kelekar Kecamatan Gelumbang Kabupaten Muara Enim dan Laboratorium Fitopatologi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya pada bulan Desember 2016 sampai Februari 2017.  Penelitian terdiri dari 3 percobaan terpisah, percobaan pertama pada pohon sehat, kedua pada pohon terserang KAS parsial, dan yang ketiga pada pohon terserang KAS total. Setiap percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu biostimulan (formula M dan S) dan satu perlakuan kontrol. Setiap formula dioles pada 10 pohon sebagai ulangan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pelambatan senesen ekstrak metanol kulit tanaman yang dikumpulkan dari panel bidang sadap ialah sangat beragam dan tidak terkait dengan kesehatan tanaman. Penyakit KAS menyebabkan berat kering lateks menurun drastis yaitu dengan kehilangan hasil 75,6 dan 98% untuk tanaman terserang KAS parsial dan total. Tingkat pelambatan senesen dan berat kering lateks tanaman karet terserang KAS tidak dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh aplikasi biostimulan.
Keefektifan Lama Perendaman Benih dengan Indole Acetic Acid terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Alqamari Muhammad , Cemda Abdul Rahman , Yusuf Muhtar
Published: September 2021

Penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh auksin seperti Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) sangat potensial mendukung peningkatan perkecambahan benih cabai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan lama perendaman benih cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) varietas lokal Sumatera Utara dengan menggunakan IAA terhadap pertumbuhan bibitnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan kebun percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara pada Maret-Mei 2020. Metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non-faktorial yaitu lama perendaman benih dalam IAA (L0= 0 jam; L1= 3 jam; L2= 6 jam; L3= 9 jam; L4= 12 jam; L5= 15 jam; dan L6= 18 jam) dengan 3 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: persentase daya berkecambah, tinggi bibit, jumlah daun bibit, berat basah, dan berat kering bibit. Data diolah menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan DMRT level 5% ± standart error dengan menggunakan software IBM SPSS statistics v.20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama perendaman benih dalam IAA dapat meningkatkan persentase daya kecambah, tinggi bibit, jumlah daun, berat basah, dan berat kering bibit cabai merah varietas lokal Sumatera Utara. Peningkatan tertinggi terdapat pada lama perendaman benih 12 jam dengan nilai pada setiap parameter yang diamati tersebut di atas masing-masing sebesar 64,51%; 49,04%; 57,14%; 117,50%; dan 157,89%. Nilai tersebut lebih baik dibandingkan kontrol.
Periode Hidup dan Potensi Reproduksi Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia illucens) Linnaeus (Diptera: Stratyomyidae) pada Substrat Kulit Pisang
Authors: Giffari Fahri Rijal , Susanto Agus , Putra Ramadhani Eka , Permana Agus Dana
Published: September 2021

Lalat tentara hitam atau black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai agen biokonversi berbagai limbah organik. H. illucens telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan hewan ternak unggas dan ikan, karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi reproduksi BSF yang diberi pakan limbah kulit pisang. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium pada kisaran suhu 18-28℃, kelembaban relatif 55-90%, dan periode waktu pencahayaan 12:12 jam terang:gelap. Larva BSF diberi pakan limbah kulit pisang dan pakan ayam komersil sebagai kontrol. Data mortalitas dan periode hidup setiap stadia, rasio kelamin, dan fekunditas dianalisis berdasarkan perhitungan tabel hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertambahan intrinsik (r) adalah 0,073 dan 0,106  per hari, laju kenaikan terbatas (λ) adalah 1,080 dan 1,112 per hari, laju reproduksi bersih (R0) adalah 52,57 dan 118,40 keturunan, serta waktu generasi rata-rata (T) adalah 50,85 dan 44,75 hari, masing-masing pada limbah kulit pisang dan pakan ayam.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa H. illucens yang diberi pakan ayam memiliki parameter reproduksi yang lebih baik daripada limbah kulit pisang. Walaupun demikian, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa BSF dapat digunakan sebagai biokonverter limbah kulit pisang.
Identifikasi Isolat Khamir Berpotensi sebagai Agens Antagonis dan Uji Produksi Toksin Hemolisin
Authors: Hartati Sri , Wiyono Suryo , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Sinaga Meity Suradji
Published: September 2021

Identifikasi khamir dapat dilakukan secara konvensional maupun molekuler. Identifikasi secara konvensional membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan interpretasi hasilnya seringkali bersifat subyektif. Sementara identifikasi khamir dengan metode molekuler dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih akurat dan cepat. Khamir yang berperan sebagai agens antagonis harus aman terhadap organisme nontarget agar dapat diaplikasikan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi isolat-isolat khamir berpotensi antagonis dengan metode molekuler dan mengetahui kemampuan khamir dalam menghasilkan hemolisin sebagai salah satu indikator potensi resiko terhadap mamalia. Identifikasi dan pengujian kemampuan khamir dalam menghasilkan hemolisin dilakukan pada 15 isolat khamir berpotensi antagonis terhadap patogen antraknosa cabai (Colletotrichum acutatum). Identifikasi khamir dilakukan secara molekuler dengan PCR menggunakan primer ITS1 dan ITS4. Penyediaan khamir menggunakan mediaYeast Malt Extract Broth (YMB) dan Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Pengujian kemampuan khamir dalam menghasilkan hemolisin menggunakan media blood agar base (Oxoid CM55) ditambah darah domba 5%. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat khamir dapat teramplifikasi dengan primer ITS1 dan ITS4 dengan ukuran  fragmen   produk   antara  500-800 pb. Hasil analisis sekuensing didapatkan 6 spesies khamir yaitu Candida tropicalis, Rhodotorula minuta, Aureobasidium pullulans, Pseudozyma hubeiensis, Pseudozyma aphidis, dan Pseudozyma shanxiensis. Uji kemampuan khamir dalam menghasilkan hemolisin menunjukkan bahwa seluruh khamir yang diuji tidak menghasilkan toksin hemolisin sehingga diduga isolat-isolat tersebut tidak patogenik terhadap manusia.
Uji In Vitro Air Rebusan Daun dan Batang Porang (Amorphophallus sp.) Terhadap Pyricularia oryzae Penyebab Penyakit Blas pada Tanaman Padi
Authors: Suganda Tarkus , Wahda Sofia Kholifatu
Published: September 2021

Penyakit blas (Pyricularia oryzae) merupakan faktor pembatas utama produksi padi di seluruh areal pertanaman padi di dunia.  Pestisida nabati dieksplorasi sebagai salah satu alternatif pengendalian untuk mengurangi dampak negatif fungisida yang selama ini digunakan secara intensif. Berbagai jenis tanaman telah diketahui dapat digunakan sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap penyakit blas namun tanaman porang (Amorphophallus sp.) yang diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa antijamur dan antibakteri serta telah banyak digunakan sebagai obat untuk penyakit manusia belum pernah diujicoba terhadap P. oryzae. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh air rebusan daun dan batang porang dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni dan perkecambahan jamur P. oryzae secara in vitro. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Fitopatologi, Laboratorium Bioteknologi Proteksi Tanaman dan Laboratorium Pestisida dan Toksikologi Lingkungan, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran di Jatinangor pada bulan Januari 2021 sampai Maret 2021. Penelitian  menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tujuh perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol (0%), ekstrak air rebusan daun dan batang porang dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 3%; 4%; 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air rebusan daun dan batang porang memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan koloni P. oryzae dengan penghambatan tertinggi sebesar 30,6% oleh air rebusan batang konsentrasi 5%. Penghambatan tertinggi terhadap perkecambahan konidia, yaitu sebesar 60,6% diperlihatkan juga oleh perlakuan air rebusan batang porang 5%.
Ordenamento Legal de Esporte e Lazer na Cidade de Salvador: uma década de leis (2006-2016)
Authors: Guimarães Oliveira Hosana Larissa , Rios Leiro Augusto Cesar , Costa do Nascimento Priscila
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as leis que regulamentam o esporte e lazer na cidade de Salvador, publicadas entre 2006 e 2016, enquanto aparatos legais que regem o exercício de cidadania. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo documental, que teve como base de informações o governo eletrônico da Câmara Municipal de Salvador. Foram levantadas 13 leis, que foram classificadas nas seguintes categorias: 1) desenvolvimento e organização da cidade; 2) estrutura organizacional da gestão municipal; 3) grandes eventos; 4) data comemorativa; e 5) esporte educacional. A análise das leis indica que há limitações na legislação pesquisada, por serem ora generalistas, ora pontuais, assim como, é necessária uma maior difusão do conhecimento sobre essas leis, para que a população possa fiscalizar e participar do processo de construção das políticas públicas de esporte e lazer da cidade, desde a sua elaboração até a sua implementação em ações concretas para o cidadão soteropolitano.
Alunos do bacharelado em Educação Física no Brasil: formação, representações e relações com os saberes
Authors: Freitas Gama Jean Carlos , Schneider Omar
Published: September 2021

Este artigo objetiva analisar as representações que um grupo de alunos de um curso de Bacharelado em Educação Física de uma universidade pública do Brasil possuem sobre a formação que receberam. Fundamenta-se nos preceitos teóricos da Relação com o Saber e das Representações Sociais. Metodologicamente, configura-se como uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e do tipo descritivo-interpretativa, utilizando, como instrumentos de coleta de dados, um questionário aberto e semiestruturado. Os sujeitos foram 31 discentes do quarto período do curso. Percebeu-se que a maioria dos alunos espera uma graduação com mais conteúdos de teor prático e que eles têm mais facilidade de identificar o que acreditam estar “errado” no curso do que o que está dando “certo”. Além disso, notou-se que é preciso compreender o aluno que está sendo recebido e que talvez o grande desafio do curso, de modo geral, seja de fazer com que eles, com diferentes representações, consigam dar sentido ao que é ensinado e vivenciado na graduação, o que diverge, em muitos casos, das experiências anteriores à entrada na universidade que trazem consigo.
Ah…. Tas’ loco. Aproximaciones a la relación entre fútbol y murga en San Carlos - Maldonado
Authors: Alsina Machado Diego Martín , Mora Pereyra Bruno
Published: September 2021

Afectados por los estudios sociales y culturales sobre deporte, en este proyecto colectivo indagamos acerca de la producción de identidades en la ciudad de San Carlos, Maldonado, a partir de lo que generan el fútbol y la murga en la cultura de la ciudad. Existe una fuerte relación temporal y espacial entre ambas prácticas, que vinculan actores locales de manera cotidiana, con actores extra locales en las temporadas de competencia, en una intensidad alternada (invernal para el fútbol y estival para la murga) - relación temporal -. La - relación espacial - se genera a partir de que los clubes tienen una oferta compartida de fútbol y murga en sus sedes. Particularmente, se pretende responder a la tradición a través del fútbol y de la murga, ¿cómo se revive esta tradición en los clubes de San Carlos? Se incluye un cuaderno de notas guiado por la observación participante, a lo que se agregaran entrevistas a referentes institucionales y charlas informales. El objetivo es detectar las grandes situaciones y fronteras que expresan los universos culturales y sociales en su compleja articulación y relación. Este trabajo se ubica dentro del marco institucional de la Universidad de la República, bajo el Programa de Apoyo a la Investigación Estudiantil, y a partir de los aportes del proyecto de maestría en curso Yo nací cantando gol. Fútbol y murgas en Uruguay: identidades y procesos colectivos en la ciudad de San Carlos de Maldonado.
ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF CALLUS OF RAMBUTAN Nephelium lappaceum L
Authors: Faramayuda Fahrauk , Elfahmi Elfahmi , Astuti Weni Widy
Published: September 2021

Rambutan plant (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a member of the Sapindaceae family. The rambutan plant is one of the natural ingredients that can be developed as traditional medicine. Rambutan peel has the potential for good antioxidant and anticancer activity. Rambutan fruit does not grow every time it needs efforts to produce the active substance in rambutan, using plant tissue culture techniques. The use of the correct variety of mediums and hormones at the right concentration is the key to thriving tissue culture. Explants derived from rambutan leaves were planted precisely on solid media Murashige and Skoog (MS) and WoddyPlant Medium (WPM) containing Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and Kinetin. After seven days, the callus was subcultured, then after 35 days, the subculture callus was collected and dried. Dry callus and rambutan leaves (Wild type) were macerated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The concentrated extract was then applied to a GF 254 silica gel plate with the mobile phase Toluene-Acetone (7: 3) and n-hexane-EthylAsetate (3: 7). The results showed that the concentration of IBA 2 ppm and kinetin three ppm was the best combination because it produced callus. TLC results of rambutan leave with plant tissue culture containing flavonoids and triterpenoids. This study provides new information regarding the induction of rambutan callus and can become the basis for producing active metabolites in rambutan with cell suspension culture development.
Geografia de Estrabão e a descrição do Norte da África no Império Romano
Authors: Ribeiro Alaide Matias , Vasques Marcia Severina
Published: September 2021

A Geografia de Estrabão apresenta uma sistematização do mundo habitado no início do primeiro século do império romano. O livro XVII compreende a descrição dos territórios do Egito, Etiópia e Líbia e é aqui analisado com o objetivo de explicitar como o geógrafo amasiano caracterizou as regiões norte-africanas e seus respectivos povos. Argumenta-se que, na construção discursiva desses, Estrabão explicita uma dicotomia do tipo bárbaro versus civilizado, por meio da qual estabelece não só a distinção entre dois grupos, mas operacionaliza dentro desta uma diferenciação gradativa. Consideramos que esta gradação ocorre em razão de sua localização geográfica, a qual, para o autor, era um dos importantes fatores a determinar o modo de vida dos mesmos.
Análise do comportamento financeiro do cidadão jovem, razão e emoção nas decisões
Authors: Marques Erico Veras , Santos Maria Aurilene Sales dos , Nascimento Wanessa Hellen Santana do , Gomes Jordânia de Sousa , Correia Neto Jocildo Figueiredo
Published: September 2021

A tomada de decisões é um processo intrínseco à vida humana, a qual leva à escolha de uma das alternativas disponíveis para resolver determinado problema. A teoria financeira moderna baseia-se na racionalidade ilimitada dos agentes quando da tomada de decisão, na busca da melhor escolha para maximização da utilidade. Sob a perspectiva da teoria das finanças comportamentais, o agente econômico passa a ser considerado como um ser de racionalidade limitada, em que, além desta, existem outras variáveis que o influenciam na sua decisão. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral desse estudo é analisar a presença da racionalidade e da emoção no processo decisório. Tem como objetivo específico analisar a presença da racionalidade e da emoção nas decisões de consumo, de investimento, de cunho pessoal e de cunho familiar. A pesquisa é quantitativa, pela aplicação de um questionário com 75 assertivas, e qualitativa, pela realização de entrevistas com 15 questões subjetivas. Obteve-se 263 questionários válidos e 28 entrevistas. Os resultados demonstraram que as decisões de consumo sofrem influência dos amigos e das informações da internet, o que coincide com o perfil de jovens, universitários e solteiros. No que se refere à discussão do orçamento, é algo restrito aos pais e os jovens não participam. Pode-se inferir que discutir dinheiro de forma transparente ainda é muito difícil.

Palavras Chaves: Finanças Comportamentais, Decisão, Razão, Emoção
Do Your Birth Control Pills Affect Your Mental Health and Behavior? Interview With Sarah Hill, PhD
Authors: Cannon Bradley
Published: September 2021

Do your birth control pills affect your mental health and behavior? The short answer is yes—but in more ways that you might think. Find out why this topic has become increasingly popular and which questions haven’t been answered (yet).
Implementasi Program Peningkatan Perilaku Pemilahan Sampah Rumah Tangga, Revitalisasi“Smart Waste Management”, Dan Konversi “Waste To Energy” Di Kota Bekasi
Authors: Saputra Ricky Febri , Hidayat Rahmat , Nababan Rudyk
Published: September 2021

In dealing with waste management problems in Bekasi City, the Bekasi City Government has implemented waste management innovations by involving the community's role through the Program for Improvement of Household Waste Segregation Behavior, Revitalization of "Smart Waste Management", and "Waste to Energy" Conversion in Bekasi City. The purpose of this article is to find out how to implement the Program to Improve Household Waste Segregation Behavior, “Smart Waste Management” Revitalization, and “Waste to Energy” Conversion in Bekasi City. The author uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques using literature study, observation, interviews and documentation at the Bekasi City Environmental Service and the Patriot Main Waste Bank. Data Analysis Techniques Using interactive model analysis using the theory of Policy Implementation” according to Charles O. Jones which “consists of three activities, namely “Organization, Interpretation, and Application. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Policy for the Improvement of Household Waste Segregation Behavior, Revitalization of "Smart Waste Management", and "Waste to Energy" Conversion in Bekasi City is not optimal in organizational activities and applications. This can be seen from the limited resources owned by the Bekasi City Government and community participation which is still not optimal in presenting Waste Banks in every RW.
Prospek dan Keefektifan Penggunaan Google Classroom untuk Pembelajaran: Evidence dari SMP Pajajaran 1 Bandung
Authors: Saepudin Deni , Adytia Didit , Muslim Kemas
Published: September 2021

Akibat pandemi Covid-19, masyarakat diminta untuk menjaga jarak fisik (physical distancing) untuk mencegah penularan. Salah satu konsekwensi dari keharusan menjaga jarak fisik ini adalah proses pembelajaran tidak dilakukan di sekolah, namun dilakukan dari rumah melalui media daring. Namun, belum semua sekolah siap melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Salah satu faktor ketidaksiapan pembelajaran daring adalah pengetahuan/keterampilan guru dalam memanfaatkan media pembelajaran daring. Ada beberapa media online yang dapat digunakan untuk proses pembelajaran daring, salah satunya adalah Google Classroom. Dengan keterampilan para guru dalam memanfaatkan Google Classroom, proses pengajaran daring masih dapat berlangsung meskipun dengan banyak keterbatasan, baik keterbatasan perangkat maupun keterbatasan jaringan. Sampai saat ini, pandemi Covid-19 masih berlangsung dan belum diketahui kapan berakhir. Dengan keterampilan memanfaatkan Google Classroom, SMP Pajajaran 1 Bandung masih dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Pembelajaran ini juga dapat menjadi pelengkap proses pembelajaran konvensional di saat normal setelah pandemi berakhir dan ada potensi menggeser hasil studi sebelumnya yang menyebutkan pembelajaran dengan platform Google Form tidak terlalu efektif