bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las softareas y el trabajo independiente con el empleo recursos tecnológicos
Authors: De la Peña Consuegra Geilert , Zamora Loor Gema , Giler Sarmiento José Antonio , Vinces Centeno Marcos Raúl
Published: December 2021

Es el trabajo independiente desde y con el uso de los recursos tecnológicos, una posibilidad de lograr la elevación del aprendizaje como consecuencia de la motivación y uso de medios, en la búsqueda de la eficiencia y eficacia en las clases contemporáneas. En el estudio realizado, se tuvo en cuenta el trabajo independiente a partir del empleo de herramientas y recursos tecnológicos, en relación con los contenidos de asignaturas del 2do años de las cinco carreras de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí. Para contribuir al desarrollo exitoso de este proceso, en el estudio realizado, se diseñaron un conjunto de softareas para implementarse en el trabajo independiente a realizar por los estudiantes, posterior a un diagnóstico caracterizador de los docentes sobre el nivel de conocimiento y funcionalidad de softareas orientadas por ellos. Además, para este último, es de vital importancia la reflexión teórico-metodológica asumida para la estructuración, orientación, ejecución y evaluación de dichas softareas. Estas tareas con software o softareas, potencian la motivación del estudiante y del docente en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de las diversas materias, al elevar con resultados positivos, los índices de apropiación de conocimientos en tal sentido. Sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos a través de los diferentes métodos y técnicas empleadas, se pudo conocer la necesidad de uso y pertinencia de las softareas, y constatar las potencialidades de la propuesta, mediante su implementación en la práctica pedagógica.
Nevus melanocítico congénito. Reporte de caso
Authors: Borja Yenchong Marco Antonio , Troya Toro María Alejandra , Troya Toro Miryam Paola
Published: December 2021

El nevus melanocítico es una proliferación anormal pero benigna de los melanocitos de la piel que tienden a agruparse en nidos o tecas. Aunque es mayormente esporádico, pocos casos familiares se han informado. Las lesiones cutáneas típicas están presentes al nacer. Los nevus melanocíticos congénitos (NMC) representan el 1% del total y según su tamaño se clasifican en pequeños, medianos o gigantes. La principal preocupación médica con el nevus melanocítico gigante es el riesgo de desarrollar melanoma cutáneo. El diagnóstico debe considerarse en cualquier recién nacido o niño que tenga un gran nevus melanocítico cutáneo. Por este motivo se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 4 años de edad que presenta desde el nacimiento extensa placa pigmentada negruzca de márgenes definidos y con folículos pilosos en superficie que afecta la mitad inferior del tronco, región lumbosacra, y mitad de sus miembros inferiores. Compatible con nevus melanocítico. El principal motivo es dar a conocer la importancia del diagnóstico temprano.
Adenoma paratiroideo. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Cedeño Ruiz Andrés , Solórzano Morales Hollwuin , Cabezas Peña Jazmín , Montalván Daniel Alejandro , Reyes Herrera Pedro , Cedeño Ruiz Boris , Arias Ortiz Cristian
Published: December 2021

Introducción: el adenoma paratiroideo es una lesión no cancerosa que en muchas ocasiones es identificada de manera incidental,  provocando así aumento de los niveles de parathormona (PTH), calcio y disminución del fosforo. Dentro de las funciones de esta hormona es regular los niveles de calcio, fosforo y vitamina D tanto en la sangre como en los huesos. La presentación clínica de dicha patología está caracterizada por incremento de los niveles de parathormona, hipercalcemia e hipofosfatemia. Reporte de caso: se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 55 años de edad, que acude a consulta refiriendo dolores musculares en manos y piernas, cansancio y debilidad. Debido a la baja incidencia de esta patología, se cree necesaria su publicación. Discusión: una de las afecciones que ocurre dentro del adenoma paratiroideo es el hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPP), y consecuentemente seguido de una hipercalcemia. El diagnóstico del HPP se establece por la presencia de hipercalcemia asociada a niveles inapropiadamente altos de PTH, siempre y cuando se hayan excluido antes los fármacos litio y tiazidas y la hipercalcemia hipocalciúrica familiar (calcio en orina bajo).  Finalmente, se decide si realizar una intervención quirúrgica o no. Conclusión: El método por el cual se puede hacer un correcto diagnóstico de adenoma paratiroideo es el ultrasonido. Luego de esto, para una intervención quirúrgica exitosa es necesario un vasto conocimiento de la anatomía de esta glándula. Sin embargo, se debe tener cuidado con los adenomas ectópicos, múltiples o alteraciones anatómicas, puesto que convierten a la cirugía en un resultado poco eficiente.
The Level of Lead (Pb) among Students in Qatar Schools and its Relationship to Academic Achievement and Violent Behavior
Authors: Alkhatib Ahed J
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Lead (Pb) has no any known biological or physiological function in the body. Its accumulation has been associated with various damaging effects, particularly in the nervous system. Study objectives: to measure the lead concentration of two groups of school students in Qatar: a group of students with good academic achievement and a group of students with low academic achievement; and to explore different patterns of behavior related to perceptions of violence between student groups and to check if this can be linked to lead exposure. Methods and subjects: a case control study was conducted. Study sample included 40 schoolchildren students assigned into two groups: group I (N=20) includes students with good academic achievement, and group II (N=20) includes students with bad academic achievements. Urine samples were taken from all students and tested for lead concentration by atomic spectrometer. Study findings: lead concentration in-group I (0.00015±0.00007pg/ml) was significantly lower than that in-group II (0.0114±0.008 pg/ml), (p=0.008). The modes of behaviors in-group II pointed to rioting modes that involve insulting teachers, colleagues and school properties. Conclusions: schoolchildren with bad academic achievements tend to have high levels of lead, which is expected to influence their modes of behaviors.
Student Worksheets Based on HOTS in Elementary School
Authors: Lestari Dewi Sri , Rahmawati Intan , Handayani Diana Endah
Published: December 2021

The Importance of HOTS-Based Student Worksheets in Elementary Schools. High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) in elementary schools can increase students' higher-order thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to analyze the high-grade HOTS-based Student Worksheets in Elementary Schools. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The method used to collect data are interviews, observation, and documentation. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The research subject is the fourth-grade teacher. The technique used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. This study indicates that the analysis of the high-grade HOTS-based Student Worksheets in elementary schools has been implemented by the teacher quite well. The Student Worksheets made by the teacher have led to higher-order thinking skills, namely C4 (analyzing), C5 (evaluating), and C6 (creating), according to the results of interviews and documentation data. It can be concluded that the analysis of the HOTS-based student worksheets has been realized well. Suggestions that can be given are to re-emphasize High order thinking skills (HOTS) into Student Worksheets so that learning can be maximized in applying HOTS.
PINSA Learning Media (Cow Digestion Billboard) on Healthy Food Theme
Authors: Widiharto Yulius Try , Fajriyah Khusnul , Kiswoyo Kiswoyo
Published: December 2021

Interactive learning media has not yet been developed by utilizing visual media to experience abstract learning difficulties. Students do not understand the material during the learning process. This study aims to develop a media billboard for cow digestion that can be used as an alternative media to help the learning process. This type of research is research and development (R&D), with the development model used being the ADDIE model. Respondents in this study were six teachers and 58 fifth-grade elementary school students. This study involved three material experts and three learning media experts. The techniques used in collecting data are interviews, observations, questionnaires, and documentation. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is quantitative and qualitative. The results of this study were obtained based on the validity test results from the assessment of the media expert validator with a score of 99% (excellent), learning material expert 98% (excellent). The results of the practicality test were obtained based on the teacher's response assessment of 94% (excellent) and 99% of students (excellent). It can be concluded that the beef digestive billboard media is valid and practical to use on the theme of healthy food, the sub-theme of how the body processes food for fifth-grade elementary school students.
Using Jigsaw Strategies to Improve Participation and English Speaking Skills
Authors: Kiuk Y. , Suputra I. G. W. , Adnyani L. D. S.
Published: December 2021

There are still many teachers who do not apply appropriate learning strategies for students. This has an impact on the students' lack of English speaking ability. The purpose of implementing this Lesson Study is to increase the level of student participation in learning English. The Lesson Study is carried out in three stages in its implementation, namely Plan, Do, and SEE. In the Plan stage, the author and the Lesson Study team plan the implementation of the Lesson Study by determining the implementation time, materials, classes, and strategies used. The population in this study amounted to 30 students. In practice, data collection is done through observation, interviews, and lesson study techniques carried out in teams. The technique used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The study results are the use of the Jigsaw strategy in learning due to the lack of student participation and the willingness of students to speak in English in learning English. After the implementation of the Jigsaw strategy, the students became more active. The result of this reflection (see) stage is that the implementation of the Jigsaw strategy has been successful, and for media problems such as LCD and classroom management by model teachers need to be improved again. Seeing the success of this strategy, the authors suggest that teachers use the Jigsaw strategy as a cooperative learning strategy that will help students become more active.
Learners and Teacher Toward The Problem-Solving Based Learning Media
Authors: Marsela Vitria , Subadiyono Subadiyono , Suhendi Didi
Published: December 2021

Many students still have difficulty developing their ideas about explanatory texts while undergoing the learning process in class. This study aims to analyze the needs of students and teachers for the development of learning media in the form of animation writing explanatory texts based on problem-solving. This research is qualitative research that analyzes the first and design stages of research and development. The things that were analyzed were the needs of students and teachers for animated learning media to write problem-solving-based explanatory texts. From the data collected through questionnaires and interviews with 33 students and 1 Indonesian teacher. The technique used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The research results show that animated learning media about problem-solving-based explanatory text writing can be an innovative medium for learning activities and can support students' and teachers' needs. This learning media is beneficial for both parties and can be accessed offline. Thus, learning media can be an alternative for the needs of teachers and students in learning and teaching writing explanatory texts.
Pedati Model Online Learning in University
Authors: Astawan I Gede , Widiana I Wayan , Arafik Muh
Published: December 2021

Since the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world, various changes have occurred in the world of education. Teachers are required to be able to develop online learning so that learning activities can run smoothly. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of online learning in universities. The research subjects were lecturers totalling 22 people. The research object includes the effectiveness of online learning programs in terms of context, input, process, and product. The approach used in this study is evaluative. The research model design used is the CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process and Product Evaluation Model). The data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the percentage. Next, the data were analyzed by the T-Score formula. The level of effectiveness of online learning was analyzed through the quadrant of the "Glickman" model. The results of data analysis showed that online learning in PGSD, in terms of context, descriptively classified as very good, with an effectiveness percentage of 18.18%. Online learning at PGSD Undiksha in terms of input, descriptively is very good, with an effectiveness percentage of 0%. In terms of process, online learning at PGSD Undiksha is descriptively classified as very good, with an effectiveness percentage of -9.09%. In terms of products, online learning at PGSD Undiksha descriptively is classified as very good, with an effectiveness percentage of 18.18%. It can be concluded that the online learning that has been held is excellent and effective.
La expresión de sentimientos como promotor de bienestar subjetivo en una paciente de cáncer
Authors: Osornio Garnica Ana Karen , Medina Pacheco Belem , Gómez del Campo del Paso María Inés
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación se basó en la expresión de sentimientos como promotor de bienestar subjetivo en una paciente de cáncer, en el Hospital de Oncología en la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán, México. La investigación estuvo enmarcada en el estudio cualitativo y se utilizó el método fenomenológico mediante la estrategia de un estudio de caso. Para ello, se emplearon una serie de técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de datos, específicamente la entrevista a profundidad, la narrativa y la observación directa. El objetivo fue analizar la manera en que la expresión de sentimientos con respecto a su enfermedad, en una paciente con cáncer, promueve su bienestar subjetivo a través de una intervención psicocorporal.

De esta manera se pudo concluir que los sentimientos presentes en la paciente respecto a la enfermedad fueron el enojo, la tristeza y el miedo. Se encontró que la represión es el manejo que la participante le da a sus emociones, ya que al sufrir una enfermedad crónico-degenerativa se presentan emociones del pasado. La intervención le dio la oportunidad a la participante para hablar de los sentimientos respecto a su enfermedad. Al permitirse expresar sus sentimientos pudo encarar de mejor modo la enfermedad, e incluso surgieron sentimientos positivos relacionados con la satisfacción con su vida y las ganas de superar el cáncer.
Validación del Maslach Burnout Inventory en estudiantes universitarios de El Bajío mexicano
Authors: Banda Guzmán Judith , Robles Francia Víctor Hugo , Lussier Robert
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar la estructura dimensional del Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Asimismo, analizar si la puntuación de las tres subescalas del burnout académico es adecuada en comparación con las interpretaciones de la nota técnica NTP-73 del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo de España. Para detectar y monitorear el burnout es necesario contar con instrumentos de medición válidos, en este caso específicos para el área educativa. Para contribuir a este propósito, se aplicó el instrumento en 84 estudiantes de licenciatura de una universidad de El Bajío mexicano (N = 84; 52 % hombres, 48 % mujeres). Para el análisis de confiabilidad se utilizó el alfa de Cronbach y para la validez factorial se utilizó el índice Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) y la prueba de esfericidad de Barlett. Se obtuvieron alfas de Cronbach de 0.856 para Agotamiento Emocional, 0.851 para Cinismo y 0.717 para Eficacia Académica y 58 % de varianza explicada. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios de un solo grupo probaron el modelo de tres factores para la muestra compuesta, así como para tres muestras independientes. El análisis factorial posterior confirmó las tres dimensiones de Eficacia, Agotamiento Emocional y Cinismo. En conclusión, el análisis factorial apoya la validez en el uso del MBI-SS, y por lo tanto, un instrumento válido para evaluar el agotamiento estudiantil de la región de El Bajío mexicano.
Estimation of labor migration impact on the economy of sending country
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chernobay Liana , Yessirkepova Altyn ,   Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Malibroda Sviatoslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

This paper provides a theoretical framework for estimating the labor migration impact on the economy of sending country. The overall emigration impact includes two effects, which can be calculated separately, i.e., a departure effect and a remittances effect. The departure effect causes a negative impact on the economy by decreasing autonomous consumption. The remittances effect causes a positive impact by increasing disposable income and thus internal consumption and savings and imports. Calculations include the multiplier effect. The labor emigration impact on GDP is calculated as a difference between a positive remittances effect and a negative departure effect. The analysis is conducted for countries that are not at full employment.
On the problem of human resources in ukrainian private health care
Authors:   Transcarpathian Academy of Arts, Dochynets Natalia , Havrylets Olesya ,   Mukachevo State University, Kampo Heorhina ,   Uzhgorod National University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the scientific analysis of human resources in the healthcare system of Ukraine, particularly in the private sector. The study is specifically concerned with the current staffing of the healthcare system of Ukraine with doctors and junior specialists with medical education. We analyzed the ratio of the main quantitative indicators of medical workforce in healthcare institutions of different forms of ownership, as well as the dynamics of indicators representing involvement of doctors of different specialties in the private healthcare practice. Acute issues concerning workforce in the private healthcare sector were identified and analysed, with a matter of pressing concern being inferior quality of professional training provided for medical staff. This research was aimed at substantiating the role of the state human resource policy in healthcare system and examining the political measures taken by the government in order to develop medical education and science, and to increase healthcare workforce potential. Conclusively, we formulated proposals regarding appropriate solutions to the human resource problems of the private healthcare service providers in Ukraine.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN HOTEL DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Soegesti Dwi Gema , Anggarini Defia Riski
Published: December 2021

This study contains an analysis of the effect of compensation and training on the work motivation of hotel employees in the city of Bandar Lampung, research using multiple linear regression analysis is assisted using SPSS 25.0 with quantitative methods, the population used is employees who work in hotels by determining the research sample using hair formula which amounted to 65 respondents but in this study added respondents to 82 respondents The results of this study are as follows (1) Compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation (2) Training has a positive and significant effect on employee motivation (3) Compensation and training jointly have a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation.
Perancangan Fasilitas dan Layout Untuk Menjual Sayur Mayur Menggunakan Triseda
Authors: Winston Yoshua Glenn , Sarvia Elty
Published: December 2021

Pasar tradisional dan pasar modern tidak selalu ada didekat pemukiman penduduk. Sehingga, masyarakat yang tinggal di dalam perumahan sulit mendapatkan sayuran, daging, dan ikan segar serta bumbu masakan lainnya. hasil wawancara dari penjual sayur keliling ingin merubah kendaraan yang digunakan dalam berjualan dengan menggunakan Triseda. ini dikarenakan barang dagangannya yang dibawa menggunakan gerobak saat ini masih terbatas penyimpanannya, tidak dapat menahan hujan, belum tersedianya lemari pendingin, dan jangkauan pelanggan masih terbatas. tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengusulkan fasilitas fisik yang ergonomis dengan mengusulkan rancangan layout kabin triseda, penataan sayur mayur, keamanan barang, dan rancangan fasilitas listrik untuk lemari pendingin. Perancangan dimulai dengan analisis data antropometri untuk rancangan fasilitas fisik yang terdiri dari rak sayur, bumbu, bawang, dan meja penjual. Kemudian, Penelitian ini mendapatkan alternatif layout 2 berdasarkan concept scoring. Penerapan metode 5S yaitu melakukan pemilahan barang yang dibutuhkan, menyediakan tempat khusus untuk penyimpanan, rancangan rak yang mudah dibersihkan, menjaga kondisi kerja dengan membersihkan barang yang telah dipakai, dan berkomitmen agar tetap melakukan metode 5S. Pada keamanan barang terdiri dari bak triseda yang diberikan pengunci, barang disimpan pada tempat ideal, bahan makanan berbau amis dibungkus menggunakan polystren sehingga barang yang dibawa oleh penjual menjadi aman. Kata kunci: Antropometri, Concept Scoring, 5S, Sayur. Layout,
Pengendalian Mutu Part Accu 12v dan Kaca Anti Peluru Kendaraan Komodo Nexter dengan Metode QCC pada Divisi QA dan K3LH Kendaraan Khusus
Authors: Perwira Erdin Arya , Suseno Agustian , Fitriani Risma
Published: December 2021

Perusahaan ini bergerak dalam industri Manufaktur dan Hankamnas. Produk utama di perusahaan ini adalah produk alusista pertahanan dan keamanan serta produk komersil untuk pemerintah dan swasta. Pada Departemen QA dan K3H Divisi Kendaraan Khusus, mempunyai komponen part yang banyak seperti kaca anti peluru, accu 12v dan ban luar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan jumlah defect yang terjadi pada part komodo nexter di area gedung pada Departemen Incoming dengan konsep usulan perbaikan proses pengecekan pada area Incoming Departemen QA dan K3LH. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengendalian kualitas adalah quality control circle yang berguna menganalisa part/produk defect dan memanfaatkan alat kualitas yang ada pada quality control circle berupa seven tools. analisis pengendalian kualitas dengan metode quality control circle digunakan untuk mengetahui batas kendali mutu. Hasil perhitungan jumlah defect part kaca anti peluru persentase sebesar 1% dari batas kendali 0,057%. Sehingga,  persentase melebihi batas kendali, dan perusahaan mengalami sedikit penambahan kerugian. Hasil analisis yang dapat diberikan adalah penanggulangan dengan quality control circle dan alat pengecekan kualitas pada pemakaian kaca mata lensa pembesar, pemakaian voltmeter, penambahan penerangan, dan pelatihan kesadaran akan pentingnya pegendalian kualitas, penambahan tenaga kerja. Kata Kunci: Pengendalian Kualitas, Nilai Peta Kendali, Quality Control Circle (QCC), Seven Tools.
COST AND EFFECTIVENESS OF ATYPICAL-ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC COMBINATIONS AND ATYPICAL-TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC COMBINATIONS IN PATIENTS OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS IN INSTALLATION OF EMERGENCY IN GRHASIA MENTAL HOSPITAL, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Adisaputra Arya Dibyo , Darmawan Endang , Siwinarni Arum
Published: December 2021

Psychotic disorders create a burden on the government, family, and society because of decreasing patient productivity. The use of atypical-atypical and atypical-typical antipsychotic combinations is one of the most commonly used combinations for patients with psychotic disorders. The study was conducted to determine the average total cost and effectiveness of the therapy measured by the difference in PANSS-EC pre-post scores during intensive care. The study was conducted prospectively to analyse the total cost and effectiveness of the therapy using combinations of antipsychotics in psychotic disorders patients. The measured costs include the cost of nursing classes, laboratory, medical treatment, doctor's visit, and antipsychotic. The effectiveness is measured by the difference in PANSS-EC pre-post scores. As many as 32 treated patients with psychotic disorders met the inclusion criteria. The average cost of atypical-typical antipsychotic combination group (Rp1,184,043) was higher than atypical atypical antipsychotic combination group (Rp1,115,829). The effectiveness of the therapy was represented by the value of the difference between the PANSS-EC pre and post scores, which in this research yielded a mean of 7,125 for atypical-atypical antipsychotic combinations and 8,375 for atypical-typical antipsychotic combinations. In conclusion, there is a difference in the total average cost and effectiveness of the therapy. There is a difference between PANSS-EC pre and post scores during the time period from intensive room to quiet room in atypical-typical antipsychotic combinations compared with atypical-atypical antipsychotic combinations.
Sistemas Apostilados de Ensino e a autonomia ilusória: reflexões à luz de José Contreras
Authors: Santos Ortiz Gabriel , Denardin Luciano , Savi Neto Pedro
Published: November 2021

Este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo debater a autonomia docente dentro dos Sistemas Apostilados de Ensino (SAEs). Apresentam-se argumentos para afirmar que o professor, inserido em um contexto de sistema apostilado, tem o seu trabalho regulado tanto pela escola quanto pela empresa e é afastado dos aspectos intelectuais, reflexivos e críticos da profissão, aproximando-se do modelo de profissional técnico. Dessa forma, mais do que influenciar o fazer docente, os sistemas contribuem com a desvalorização do trabalho do professor e retiram o protagonismo de toda a comunidade escolar na construção do processo educacional. Ainda assim, percebendo na literatura que muitos professores defendem o uso dos SAEs, buscou-se em Contreras (2012) o conceito de autonomia ilusória para tentar compreender tal posicionamento. Destaca-se que o apoio dos professores ao sistema que lhes controla vai ao encontro do conceito de servidão voluntária de La Boétie. A principal conclusão deste trabalho é que os SAEs continuam crescendo com o apoio daqueles que estão sob seu controle.
Modernisasi Kota dan Bencana Wabah Malaria di Cirebon Tahun 1930-an
Authors: Emalia Imas
Published: December 2021

This article aimed to explain the process of urban modernization and malaria outbreak in the colonial era. The emphasis on modernization is based on several documents from the Nederlandsche Indies government regarding the formation of cities in Java which prioritized infrastructure development for economic that so triggered the malaria outbreak, especially in coastal areas and plantations. This modernization program based on economic industrialization has influenced the economic people, workers, traders, employees, and healers. In the process of modernization, the emergence of the malaria outbreak spreads to the people. Therefore, the focus of this research analysis is on the modernization process and malaria outbreak in Cirebon in the colonial era. It is important to note that modernization does not does not always produce cultural products that have a positive impact. In addition, it is also for the assumption that the malaria outbreak is an environmental problem due to ignorant public health problem.
Hubungan Antara Riwayat Pedati Gede Pekalangan dengan Sejarah Tokoh Pangeran Walangsungsang
Authors: Nansha Hendhy , Sachari Agus , Sabana Setiawan , Pasaribu Y. Martinus
Published: December 2021

Pedati Gede Pekalangan is a historical artifact found in the Pekalangan area, Cirebon. This cart is one of the oldest vehicles in Cirebon and is a witness to the history of Cirebon. This cart has also used a knockdown system which was an advanced technology of its time. Literature about the origin of this cart is difficult to find, so its history can only be obtained from word of mouth. Prince Wangsakerta in the book Rajya-Rajya I Bhumi Nuswantara states that the Gede Pedati has been around since the 2nd century, but the Cirebon people believe this cart was made in 1449 by Prince Walangsungsang or known as Prince Cakrabuana. This research is an attempt to discover the history of Pedati Gede Pekalangan by studying the journey of Prince Walangsungsang. The method used in this study is the historical method by collecting data through observations of Pedati Gede Pekalangan artifacts, literature studies, and interviews with Pedati Gede Pekalangan caretakers and Cirebon historians. The research concludes that Pedati Gede Pekalangan is a means of transportation that was made during the leadership of Prince Walangsungsang 1445-1479.
Faunal Remains From Diang Mahang In Kalimantan: Taxonomic Identification And Their Archaeological Context
Authors: Pervaya Rusianti Kusmartono Vida , Dyah Mega Hafsari Ni Luh Gde
Published: December 2021

Faunal remains, both vertebrates and invertebrates, are important discoveries in archaeological research. Such proxy may provide information on the identity of animal species which may associate with human at a site. This research aims to understand the existence of faunal remains in the rockshelter of Diang Mahang to further comprehend the interaction of humans and their environment in the past. No research involving animal remains in this region has been conducted before. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a taxonomic identification of the faunal remains related to human activities in the past in Diang Mahang. This study applies a qualitative-analytic method with inductive reasoning. The analysis was performed by observing the diagnostic characteristics of a bone to determine its taxonomic identity. Results of diagnostic characteristics showed that vertebrate remains comprise three main classes, i.e., Mammals, Reptiles, and Pisces. The remains of the invertebrate consist of Molluscs and Arthropods. Marine Cypraeid also existed but was not of the edible variety. Contextually, faunal remains are associated with lithics and pottery, indicating a micro-scale activity in Diang Mahang related to humans’ daily life in the rockshelter.
Effect of nicotine- and tar-removed cigarette smoke extract on cancer metastasis
Authors: Takahashi Yuta , Araki Takuya , Nagamine Ayumu , Yashima Hideaki , Nagano Daisuke , Obayashi Kyoko , Yamamoto Koujirou
Published: December 2021

Cigarette smoking is known to impact the promotion of carcinogenesis and tumor metastasis. On the other hand, some components in smoke were found to have health-promoting effects, and cancer suppressor effects of components in tobacco smoke have attracted attention. Although some studies showed the cancer suppressive effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in vitro study, the effect of CSE administration on cancer is controversial. In this study, we investigated the effect of CSE-administration on tumor metastasis in a spontaneous tumor metastasis model using B16-BL6 cells, which is more clinical conditions. C57BL/6NCr mice were subcutaneously inoculated B16-BL6 cells into the footpad of the right rear leg. CSE was intraperitoneally administrated for 28 days from the day of inoculation. At 2 weeks after inoculation, the primary focus was excised. Subsequently, survival days of the mice were recorded to determine the effect of CSE-administration on spontaneous metastasis. The effect of CSE, α, β-unsaturated ketones, and aldehydes on B16-BL6 cell invasiveness were confirmed by matrigel invasion assay. Survival days of mice injected with 100% CSE was significantly shortened than that of control. B16-BL6 cell invasiveness was accelerated by the treatment with 0.1% CSE and 3 μM of crotonaldehyde. Intraperitoneal CSE-administration may progress spontaneous metastasis of B16-BL6 cells via enhancement of B16-BL6 cell invasiveness. As the cause, we found that crotonaldehyde contained in CSE may enhance the invasion ability of cancer cells. To clarify the cancer-suppressing effect of tobacco components, the effect of crotonaldehyde-removed CSE on tumor should be assessed in detail. Keywords: cigarette smoke extract (CSE), metastasis, crotonaldehyde (CA), B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells, invasion
The potential of cassava leaves extract in gingival fibroblasts of periodontitis of rats with ovarian dysfunction
Authors: Shita Amandia Dewi Permana , Meilawaty Zahara , Rothschildi Dhesyarmani Putri , Dharmayanti Agustin Wulan Suci , Hamzah Zahreni
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of periodontitis has reached 42.8% in Indonesia. One contributing factor is Porphyromonas gingivalis. The ovarian dysfunction caused by ovariectomy procedures may also cause periodontitis. Post ovariectomy conditions resemble menopause, lowering the production of estrogen and progesterone hormones, leaving patients vulnerable to periodontitis. To prevent the side effects of the treatment, herbal ingredients are commonly used. The extract of cassava leaves is known to have pharmacological effects as an antioxidant and, thus, can be applied as a medicine for periodontitis.      Methods: A total of 21 rats were divided into three groups, (1) control: healthy rats; (2) Group P.1: P. gingivalis-induced rats; (3) Group P.2: ovariectomized rats. Groups P.1 and P.2 were further divided into three subgroups that were administered cassava leaves extract at a dosage of 179.2 mg/ kg BW, aquades and vitamin C. Rats were euthanized at day eight after the initial treatment to collect left mandibular first molar. The mandibular sections were immunohistochemically stained to quantify SOD expression using light microscope while the Image J software was used. Fibroblast cells expressing SOD are characterized by brown coloration in the cytoplasm and darker nucleus. Results: In periodontitis conditions, either due to P.gingivalis induction or ovarian dysfunction, fibroblast cells in rats given cassava leaves extract expressed higher SOD than rats given aquades, but still lower than rats given vitamin C. The result of the one way ANOVA test showed p value of 0,00, which means that there is a significant difference in all groups. Conclusion: Cassava leaves extract demonstrated the potential to increase the antioxidant expression in P. gingivalis-induced and ovarian dysfunction rats.
Perdarahan Gastrointestinal pada Stroke Iskemik Akut: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, Amalia Lisda
Published: December 2021

Gastrointestinal bleeding in acute ischemic stroke is caused by the process of neuroinflamation in ischemic brain cells. Brain edema that occurs in acute ischemic stroke patients affects the hypothalamus and brainstem. Involvement of the vagal nucleus in the brainstem results in increased stimulation of the vagus and reduced inhibition of the vagus. The neuroinflamation process affects the parasympathetic nervous system causing vagal hyperactivity resulting in an increase in gastrin release which increases gastric acid production. Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute ischemic stroke results in the cessation or delay of antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy, resulting in a procoagulatory state, making thrombosis easier, thereby increasing the risk of repeated strokes and poor clinical outcomes. Several studies of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute ischemic stroke have a poor prognosis for outcomes. These outcomes include worsening neurological deficits, hospital deaths, and prolonged treatment.
Awake Endospine Disektomi pada Pasien Lumbar Spinal Stenosis karena Hernia Nucleus Pulposus
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Diponegoro/Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang, Indonesia, Widyadining Laras Nuzulul , Sasongko Himawan ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Diponegoro/Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) are symptoms from degradation canalis spinalis vertebrae’s size which pressured nerve inside it. Based on its cause, there are two types of LSS, congenital and degenerative. The patient can experience an unpredictable pain phase as well as a stable phase without pain. Bulging of intervertebralis disc or HNP is one of degenerative LSS. HNP disease is one of the causes of low back pain and is a major health problem. HNP prevalention is 1-2 % from population. One of therapy use to medicate LSS is endospine discectomy. This operation done with general anesthesia (GA) or neuroaxial anesthesia (spinal, epidural). GA preferably used because it caused less side effect like airway obstruction or neural injury. Dexmedetomidine has a sedative effect without the risk of respiratory depression and has an analgesic effect. It can be used to awake endospine methods in dissectomy. In this case report, the writer did awake endospine method to accommodate operator so they could know level of pain and motoric function of patient durante operation.
Assessment of the Behavioural Problems among Adolescents of a Selected School in New Delhi
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, John Neha
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Behavioural problems among school-going children are a matter of concern as they have serious consequences on the child, family, and society at large. Despite the high prevalence, there are very few studies related to behavioural issues among school children. The main objectives of the study were to assess and compare the behavioural problems among boys and girls. Method: A quantitative research approach and comparative research design were used. A total of 100 adolescent boys and girls were chosen from the selected school of Delhi by convenient sampling techniques. A structured rating scale was used to assess the behavioural problems among adolescent boys and girls. Result: The study showed that the majority of the participants (91%) had mild behavioural problems, 8% had moderate behavioural problems, and only 1% was found with severe behavioural problems. Conclusion: The study concluded that adolescents studying in school were having behavioural problems. The scores for eating disorders were more in boys than in girls whereas violent behaviour was equally common. Substance abuse was found to be the least common behavioural problem among both adolescent boys and girls.
Comparative Study between COVID Associated Guillan Barre Syndrome and Non-COVID Associated Guillan-Barré Syndrome
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, SNSAH, Jamia Hamdard,New Delhi, India, Zutshi Kalpana
Published: December 2021

More than 12 million people have been infected with COVID-19 worldwide, with more than 500,000 deaths to date.1 Although COVID-19 research is rapidly evolving, new findings must be thoroughly scrutinised before any conclusions or treatment protocols are established or amended.2 Although COVID-19 is most usually associated with respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea; it has recently been associated with a neurotropic presentation.3 Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is best described as an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy clinically characterized by areflexia and progressive weakness of arms and legs. Though, many rare variants of GBS have been described, the commonly observed subtypes such as Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN), Acute Motor Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) and Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) tend to fulfil the above-mentioned criteria.4 Recently, several case reports have suggested a relationship between the occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, which preceded the GBS onset by up to 4 weeks. Therefore, a post-infectious dysregulation of the immune system, triggered by SARS- CoV2, appears to be the most probable cause COVID-19 is a systemic disorder presenting typically with fever and respiratory symptoms but neurological manifestations such as acute cerebrovascular diseases, seizures, ageusia, anosmia meningitis, encephalitis and skeletal muscle involvement were soon reported.5 More recently, an increase in case reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 has prompted concerns about a possible link.
The Exposure of Pharmacists and Pharmacy Assistants to COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study in Libya
Authors:   University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya, Alzunni Faisa
Published: December 2021

Introduction: As per the WHO reports dated July 7, 2021, 184,324,026 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were found in the world and 196,894 cases were found in Libya. Healthcare workers (HCWs), pharmacists, in particular, have been affected a lot because of COVID-19. Community pharmacies are considered workplaces with elevated exposure risk to COVID-19. Method: This study aims to roughly estimate the risk of COVID-19 exposure among pharmacists and pharmacy assistants working in pharmacies in Libya. An anonymous cross-sectional online survey was conducted among pharmacists and pharmacy assistants working in hospital pharmacies and community pharmacies. Between November 11th, 2020 and January 7th, 2021, a Google Form questionnaire was delivered through social media and instant messaging platforms, to certified community pharmacists and pharmacy assistants residing in Libya. Results: Out of 207 respondents, the majority (72.4%) reported having at least one or more flu-like symptoms. In addition, 52.17% of them reported that one of their relatives had at least one or more flu-like symptoms. The most common symptoms reported by respondents were headache (46.9%), tiredness (42.5%), fever (31.9%), and loss of smell and taste sensation (29.0%). The period with the highest number of all the symptomatic respondents as well as those with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 was between August to October 2020. Correspondingly, 108 (52.17%) symptomatic respondents had a relative with symptoms. Conclusion: The majority of respondents reported having flu-like symptoms in the period from August to October. Moreover, the highest cumulative number of people with suggestive COVID-19 symptoms reported their symptoms in the same period.
Traditional Childbearing Beliefs and Practices among Mothers at a District Hospital in Goa
Authors:   Assistant Lecturer, Department of Community Medicine, Goa Medical College, Goa, India, Vernekar Preksha P
Published: December 2021

Background: Traditional health practices are observed by mothers in every region of the world with varying frequency. They often get influenced by their peers and elders and follow some potentially harmful practices during their childbearing period. Aim: To identify and describe various traditional beliefs and practices observed during pregnancy among mothers at South Goa District Hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. It was conducted over a period of 3 months (March-May 2019) among postnatal mothers by interviewing study participants about various cultural beliefs and practices observed during pregnancy. Data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: Nearly two-thirds of the study participants (68.75%) avoided going outdoors and laid in bed during an eclipse while 42.5% avoided sleeping on the abdomen or slept in the left lateral position to avoid birth defects in babies. To predict the sex of the baby, 12.5% of the mothers believed that if a pregnant lady craves sweet food, it’s a girl and if she craves sour/ salty food, it’s a boy while 11.5% believed that if a pregnant woman is carrying low, it’s a boy. With respect to food taboos, 53.75% of the mothers believed in avoiding ‘hot’ foods and eating ‘cold’ foods during pregnancy. Conclusion: The study highlights the popular traditional childbearing practices observed among mothers as a means of creating awareness among health professionals in order to discourage possible harmful practices and promote beneficial practices for a safe and healthy pregnancy.
Nutritional potential of kenaf grain meal as a replacement for palm kernel cake in cassava peel-based concentrate for sheep
Authors: Omotoso Sunday Oloruntoba , Ajayi Festus Temitope , Kenneth-Obosi Olusimbo , Oladele-Bukola Mutiu Olakunle
Published: November 2021

The study evaluated the nutrient intake, apparent nutrient digestibility, performance and nitrogen balance of West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep fed cassava peel-based diets containing kenaf grain meal (KGM) in replacement of palm kernel cake (PKC). Sixteen female WAD sheep with an average initial live weight of 9.71 ± 0.05 kg were selected for four dietary treatments, having four animals per diet. The diets comprised wilted guinea grass (Panicum maximum) as basal diet and cassava peel based diets with levels of replacement of PKC by KGM at 0 %, 15 %, 20 % and 25 %, respectively, as: 1) (25 % PKC + 0 % KGM), 2) (10 % PKC + 15 % KGM), 3) (5 % PKC + 20 % KGM), and 4) (0 % PKC + 25 % KGM). Increasing levels of KGM in the dietary treatments significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the total feed and nutrient intake (g / kg W0.75), digestibility and weight gain. Total feed intake (108.48 g / kg W0.75 or 662.82 g / day), nutrient intake, feed conversion ratio (21.47) and daily weight gain (30.95 g / day) were outstanding (p < 0.05) when PKC was completely replaced by KGM. Similarly, nutrient digestibility coefficients and nitrogen utilization values differed with increasing level of KGM inclusion, with the peak effects recorded in sheep at 5 % PKC and 20 % KGM inclusions than the other dietary groups. Thus, kenaf grain meal can successfully be used to replace palm kernel cake as an unconventional protein and energy source in cassava peel based diet for WAD sheep without causing any negative impact on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth performance.