bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of selected dosimetric parameters of two Hodgkin Lymphoma radiotherapy techniques with reference to potential risk of radiation induced heart disease
Authors: Alibeyki Elias , Karimkhani Saeid , Saadatmand Sepide , Shokrani Parvaneh
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the most frequent malignancies among pediatric patients. One of the common causes of death in HL survivors after radiation therapy (RT), is radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). The aim of this study was to compare several dosimetric parameters for two methods of early stage Hodgkin lymphoma radiotherapy with reference to potential risk of RIHD.

Materials and Methods: Using a series of computed tomography slices of 40 young patients, treatment planning was done in two methods of HL RT, including involved field (IFRT) and involved site (ISRT) in doses of 20, 30, and 35 Gy. Contouring of clinical target volume as well as the organs at risk, including the heart, was performed by a radiation oncologist. The mean and maximum dose of heart (Dheart-mean and Dheart-max), the volume of heart receiving a dose more than 25 Gy (V25), and the standard deviation of dose as a dose homogeneity index in heart, were used to compare the RIHD risk.

Results: The mean value for Dheart-mean in ISRT method in all doses was less compare to IFRT. Maximum reduction in mean value of Dheart-mean occurred at moving from 30 Gy IFRT to ISRT by 9.53 Gy (p < 0.001) and minimum was between 35 Gy IFRT and ISRT. The mean value for Dheart-max was fewer in IFRT rather than ISRT and the maximum difference was between 35 Gy IFRT and ISRT (1.35 Gy). The mean of V25 of heart was 26.66% and 23.74% in 35 Gy IFRT and ISRT, respectively, and dose distribution was more homogeneous in IFRT.

Conclusions: If Dheart-max and V25 of heart or homogeneity of dose distribution in heart are considered as determining factors in RIHD, then IFRT can be considered optimum, especially in 35 Gy IFRT; while, assuming the Dheart-mean as the most important factor in RIHD, superiority of ISRT over IFRT is observed.
The Importance of Cyclin D1, P53, Cd56 Antigen Expression in Plasma Cells and its Correlation with Serological and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Nazarovs Jurijs , Kleina Regīna , Lejniece Sandra
Published: October 2018

CD56, p53, and Cyclin D1 detection in plasma cells (PC) can help to predict prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). Clinical and biochemical prognostic parameters were analysed in a group of 122 patients with primary diagnosed MM in the period 2011–2015. Bone marrow biopsies were analysed with Cyclin D1, p53, CD56 antibodies. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Graph Pad Prism 5. Lack of CD56 expression and p53-positivity were significantly correlated with a low glomerular filtration rate (GFR), low platelet count and haemoglobin level, as well as with high serum creatinine levels. Patients with Cyclin D1 expression in PC had a significantly higher serum calcium level and more common osteolytic lesion in bones. CD56-negative as well as p53, Cyclin D1-positive groups had advanced Salmon–Durie MM stages by and significantly higher ß2-microglobulin. Expression of p53, Cyclin D1 and lack of CD56 antigen in PC are negative predictive factors in cases of MM, as these patients were diagnosed as having late Salmon–Durie stage and higher ß2-microglobulin level. Expression of p53 and lack of CD56 antigen in PC is associated with an increased creatinine level in blood and decreased GFR; therefore, these are criteria for chronic renal failure progression and poorer prognosis of MM.
Forms and Effectiveness of the Client's Influence on the Market Value of Property - Case Study
Authors: Kucharska-Stasiak Ewa , Źróbek Sabina , Cellmer Radosław
Published: October 2018

Although real estate valuation is supposed to make the market transparent, it has been noted to be partial in many countries. Analysis of literature and results of the statistical analysis of survey responses of Polish property appraisers indicated that: Property valuers operate in an environment which exerts influence on the final result of valuation. The attempts of the client to influence the valuation process and their effectiveness do not depend on the gender and age of the property appraiser. The problem of valuation bias should be seen in the weakness of the system enforcing compliance with ethical standards, with this being an area which requires reinforcement in many countries.
An Attempt to Identify Social – Economic Factors in the Levels Of Property Prices in Chosen Cities in Poland
Authors: Kokot Sebastian
Published: October 2018

Property prices vary on different local real estate markets. Even considering only the largest cities, great disproportions between average unit prices can easily be observed. This problem involves all segments of the real estate market, yet, because of the social & economic importance of housing properties, it takes on special importance on the apartment market. In Warsaw - the capital of Poland and the largest Polish city - prices exceed PLN 10,000 per 1m2 in the best locations and the average price at the end of 2016 in the entire city came to over PLN 7,500 per 1m2. At the sme time, however, average prices in other agglomerations, such as Łódź or Katowice, were equal to approx. PLN 3,500 per 1m2. It is only natural to ask what factors, especially social & economic, contribute to such considerable differences in house prices. This article addresses a group of potential factors underlying the prices of apartments, which have been studied statistically in correlation with average unit prices of apartments in chosen cities.
Critical Heat Flux Determination of Electric Cable Insulation
Authors: Rantuch Peter , Štefko Tomáš , Martinka Jozef
Published: October 2018

Electric cables can contribute to the spread of fire through the insulating layer. This paper focuses on their properties characterizing the initiation of fire. Samples of ethylene-based cable insulation were tested using a cone calorimeter by exposing them to external heat flows of six different values (25 kW m−2 – 50 kW m−2). Time to initiate flame burning was observed. The critical heat flux (depending on the method of calculation was in the range 2.94 kW m−2 – 4.59 kW m−2) and the thermal response parameter (342 kW s−0.5 m−2) was calculated from the time of initiation and external heat flow dependence.
Fire Risk of Halogen-Free Electrical Cable
Authors: Martinka Jozef , Rantuch Peter , Wachter Igor , Balog Karol
Published: October 2018

This paper deals with the fire risk of a selected halogen-free electrical cable. The research was objected to a three-core power electric cable for a fixed installation CHKE J3x1.5 (cross section of each copper core was 1.5 mm2) with a declared class of reaction to fire B2ca, s1, d1, a1. The electrical cable was manufactured and supplied by VUKI, a. s., Slovakia. The fire risk of the electric cable was evaluated based on the heat release rate, total heat release, smoke release rate, total smoke release and effective heat of combustion. These parameters were measured using a cone calorimeter at 50 kW m−2 (specimens and cone emitter were placed horizontally during the test). The measured electrical cable showed a maximum heat release rate of nearly 150 kW m−2, a maximum average heat emission rate of almost 100 kW m−2, a total heat release of almost 130 MJ m−2, a maximum smoke release rate of almost 2.5 s−1, a total smoke release of more than 800 m2 m−2, an effective heat of combustion (cable as a whole) of nearly 9 MJ kg−1 and an effective heat of emission (polymeric parts of the cable) of 26.5 MJ kg−1.
Problems with Tribological Testings of Marketable Oils Using Laboratory Model Test Rigs
Authors: Rigo Jürgen , Kovačócy Pavel
Published: October 2018

An important point in Tribology is mechanical-dynamic testing of lubricants and materials under stress and the interpretation of the results obtained therefrom. Widely-used test methods are often applied to test the performance of lubricants e.g. test results determined by tribometers should be treated carefully when using marketable oils. A closer evaluation of these results is part of this research paper. Within this study, several marketable oils were used and experimentally investigated. These were a gear oil, two engine oils, one hydraulic oil, one metal working fluid and one forming oil. There were several distinct differences. On the one hand, the used oils differ significantly in terms of their performance in the individual test methods. This is not surprising but has a clear reason in the different compositions of the lubricants resulting from their respective application. By subjecting these oils to diverse test methods with different test equipment, the results can vary widely and result in completely dissimilar results from the tests. Thus, a metalworking oil appears excellently when determining the welding force in the four-ball apparatus. In the high frequency liear oscillation tester, on the other hand, barely usable results are generated. Thus, there are two contradictory statements that should be the same.
Methods for Efficiency Improvement of Production and Logistic Processes
Authors: Kovács György
Published: October 2018

In the changing economic environment, global competition where the customer demands are changing continuously, the enterprises have to focus on cost reduction, efficiency improvement, higher productivity and profitability. In the production, the resources (raw materials, humans, machines, equipment, etc.) are always limited. It is very important for the manufacturing companies to produce cost effective final products in a short lead time which can be achieved by minimized cost and higher effectiveness, and therefore, efficiency improving methods are needed. There are lot of tools and sophisticated methods for design, analysis and improvement of production and logistical processes. The author introduces the most often applied methods for it, which are the simulation, Lean method and layout design. The paper summarizes the characteristics, typical application fields of these methods and the reasons for application of these. Main aims of logistics process improvement and the main steps and advantages of the described methods are introduced.
Comparative Analysis of the Results of Measuring Roundness
Authors: Némedi Imre , Sánta Róbert , Fürstner Igor , Košt’ál Peter
Published: October 2018

Coordinate measuring machines are devised for most complex measurements. Besides their dimension measuring abilities, the CNC operated machines can measure geometrical characteristics of form, such as straightness, roundness, cylindricity, etc. These are vital features currently, when inspection needs to submit very thorough reports not only on the form, but also on the geometrical features of the given workpiece. Yet the question arises: are these measuring data regarding roundness received from the CMM accurate and reliable enough to be exploited? In order to confirm this statement, the geometrical roundness characteristics were measured on three types of coordinate measuring machines, the results of which were analyzed from several aspects. The results showed a special importance of specific measuring parameters and proved to be independent of the type of measuring machines.
Using Virtual Reality as a Support Tool for the Offline Robot Programming
Authors: Holubek Radovan , Ružarovský Roman , Delgado Sobrino Daynier Rolando
Published: October 2018

The present article focuses on the possibilities of using Virtual Reality (VR) as a supporting tool by using the offline programming method for industrial robots. The philosophy of using such a process is hierarchically linked to the observance of methodological procedures for the proposal new workstations with using industrial robots. First, it is necessary to develop CAD models of the projected workplace, which can be imported into a suitable simulation environment for the creation of robotic simulations with support for visualization to the immersive VR environment. In our case, the CAD software Catia was used to develop a workstation, followed by integration of the CAD database into the simulation environment of Process Simulate (PS). Support for the visualization in the immersive environment of the Virtual Reality of Process Simulate was vested using the glasses headset HTC VIVE.
Integrative Programming of Production and Preventive Maintenance Tasks in an Environment of Identical Parallel Machines: Proposal of a Construction Heuristic
Authors: Delgado Sobrino Daynier Rolando , Díaz Cazañas Ronald , Ružarovský Roman , Holubek Radovan
Published: October 2018

The article presents a constructive heuristic for the integrated programming of production orders and preventive maintenance (PM) interventions in an environment of identical parallel machines, aimed at minimizing the completion time of the last scheduled job (makespan). Unlike other proposals found in the literature, the one here considers that the time between preventive interventions is not previously known, but instead, this is assumed as one of the decision variables of the system in the beginning of each of these interventions; in addition, the proposal also considers the possibility that not all jobs have the same release time. The design of the heuristic algorithm is based on the general approach of the Longest Processing Time dispatch rule, with a slight modification in its conception to consider the random character of the equipment failures and their impact on the execution time of the tasks. Consequently, a simple dispatch rule called rj - LPT was also proposed to comply with one of the steps of the heuristic, as well as an algorithm to determine the minimum dimension for the makespan, which constitutes the basis of the stop criterion linked to the initial solution.
Influence of Finish Milling Strategies on the Tool Wear
Authors: Zaujec Rudolf , Pokorný Peter , Jurina František , Vopát Tomáš , Šimna Vladimír
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the tool life of ball nose end mills during finish milling of weld deposit. The aim was to determine and compare the wear of ball nose end mill for different types of ball end milling strategies, as well as to specify particular steps of the measurement process. For tool life test, DMG DMU 85 monoBLOCK 5-axis CNC milling machine was used. In the experiment, the cutting speeds, feed rates, axial and radial depth of cut were constant. The coated cemented carbide was used as tool material. The cutting tool wear was measured on Zoller Genius 3s and laser Blum Micro Compact NT. The results show different achieved tool life of ball nose end mills depending on the finish milling strategy.
Factors that Determine the Capital Structure: An Empirical Study on Low-cost Airlines
Authors: Kiracı Kasım , Aydin Nurhan
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that determine the capital structure of low-cost airlines. Accordingly, it is aimed to test the factors that determine the capital structure in low-cost airlines in the context of capital structure theories. In the study, 15 airline companies, which had continuous financial data during the 2004-2015 period, were examined empirically. Panel data analysis was used as a method in the study. Findings of the study show that low-cost airlines generally operate based on the trade-off theory while borrowing in the short-term and based on the pecking order theory while borrowing in the long-term.
Calculation Method of the Proposed Unemployment Gender Inequality Indicator
Authors: Faďoš Marina , Bohdalová Mária
Published: October 2018

The paper describes a new calculation method of the unemployment gender inequality indicator, that was based on the enhancement of the ratio of the unemployment rate of men and women, and on the restriction with the levels of the average unemployment rates. The proposed method of the calculation of the gender inequality indicator eliminates weak spots of the known two methods. Our proposed method was explained and compared with the known two methods, with practical examples using data of Spain, over the sample period 1972-2016. The result of the proposed method is the indicator of the unemployment gender inequality and severity intervals of gender inequality. With severity intervals of the gender inequality, we determine the importance of the gender inequality issue based on the calculated unemployment gender inequality rate.
Control of Early-Age Cracking in Watertight Concrete Structures
Authors: Matiašková Lýdia , Bilčík Juraj , Šoltész Július
Published: October 2018

Considering the importance of leaking cracks in terms of serviceability and durability of watertight concrete structures, emphasis is placed on thermal movements and their effect on foundation slabs and walls. Both members are usually restrained to some degree externally and/or internally. The results indicate that restrained thermal stresses are the primary cause of early-age cracks in concrete members.

This paper offers a discussion of mitigation strategies to prevent the formation and propagation of early-age separating cracks. A FEM-based analysis was used to determine the development of stresses in walls on mat foundations in relation to the crack risk assessment.
The Gradient Anchorage Method for Prestressed CFRP Strips: from the Development to the Strengthening of an 18 M Long Bridge Girder
Authors: Breveglieri Matteo , Czaderski Christoph , Michels Julien
Published: October 2018

The external bonding of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips by two-component epoxy adhesive on the concrete surfaces of buildings and bridges is a retrofitting method accepted worldwide. The gradient anchorage (GA) is an anchoring method especially developed to anchor prestressed CFRP strips to concrete elements without a need for mechanical clamping after the installation phase. This method takes advantage of the adhesives property to undergo accelerated curing when heated. The results of more than fifteen years of research on the development of the gradient anchorage at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) are presented in this paper. The basic principles and application steps are explained, and the main results starting from the development of the technique up to the testing of real scale girders are described, and the new challenges posed by this innovative system are highlighted. The gradient anchorage is a valid alternative to a mechanically anchored system for prestressed FRP (P-FRP).
Crack Assessment of a Very Thick and Bloc-Like Concrete Member
Authors: Heinrich Peter Joachim , Schlicke Dirk
Published: October 2018

This paper presents the results of recent research activities on the hardening-induced stresses and the risk of cracking in very thick concrete members. These activities focus on a very large member with bloc-like dimensions. In contrast to typical member types such as ground slabs or foundation walls, bloc-like members are dominated by temperature gradients in all three dimensions (height, width and length) at the same time. Besides, the comparably high stiffness of these members leads to very low external restraints in cases of common applications. In these cases the members considered show distinct eigenstresses (residual stresses or self-balanced stresses) but only low restraint forces and moments. The assessment of the hardening-induced cracking of such members therefore requires a detailed analysis of the temperature and stress fields.

This contribution presents comprehensive investigations on the hardening-induced risk of cracking of a typical bloc-like concrete member in the form of an underwater foundation. The results of the simulation were compared with selected practical observations during the construction of the underwater foundation of a recently built bridge.
The Seismic Investigation of Off-Diagonal Steel Braced RC Frames
Authors: Ramin Keyvan , Maheri Mahmoud R.
Published: October 2018

Steel bracing may be used to enhance the seismic strength of RC frames. Concentric steel bracing generally reduces ductility, which is a key component of seismic design. To overcome the problem, ductile steel brace-RC frame systems are therefore usually introduced in the form of eccentric braces. In the present study, the Off-Diagonal Bracing System (ODBS), which works as a concentric type of bracing, is investigated. In this paper the response of ODBS elements to cyclic loading is first explored and compared with those of other types of bracing such as X-bracing and inverted-V bracing systems. The time history analysis responses and cyclic hysteresis responses of a number of lowrise to mid-rise RC frames retrofitted with different types of bracing systems are then evaluated and compared. It is shown that under seismic excitation, a much reduced base shear is experienced by frames retrofitted with ODBS compared to other bracing systems. The results of time history and cyclic hysteresis response analyses also indicate a far greater energy dissipation capacity and ductility for the ODBS compared to other bracing systems. It is also concluded that ODBS performs best in lowrise frames. The out-of-plane buckling response of the ODBS is also investigated, and it is shown that a double-plated central connection can control such an adverse response.
How do parking practices structure urban territorial communities?
Authors: Bukowski Andrzej , Nóżka Marcjanna , Smagacz-Poziemska Marta
Published: October 2018

In this article we analyse the socio-spatial contexts and consequences of the practice of car parking in housing estates. Fredrik Barth’s idea of socially constructed boundaries and the theory of social practice form the theoretical basis of our analysis. The empirical material comes from research conducted in 2016 and 2017 in three Polish cities. We analyse the practice of parking in terms of the specific aspect of mobility that is ‘mooring’. The research shows that parking practices influence the structuring of territorial communities in housing estates on two levels: everyday activities, norms and rules, as well as social differences and boundaries in the space occupied by the housing estate.
How to build a community. New Urbanism and its critics
Authors: Łucka Daria
Published: October 2018

The focus of the following article will be New Urbanism, an urbanistic movement which originated in the United States and advocated the establishment and reinforcing of communities through planning activities. Its proponents claim that the proper design of space leads to the development of a local community. The article will discuss the main principles of the New Urbanism approach, such as its social doctrine and the concept of neighbourhood. Possible benefits of New Urbanism and critical arguments regarding it will also be analysed.
Authority and urban space in the city landscape
Authors: Myszka Rafał , Niedziółka-Rybak Kinga
Published: October 2018

Central areas of major cities have always been of interest to totalitarian regimes. All publicly accessible areas were meant not only to be highlights of the metropolis, but also symbols of political ideologies. In communist times the glamour of the regime was supposed to be reflected in large scale and representative urban and architectural complexes. This article presents some such examples from the era of Soviet domination in Eastern Europe. Following the typology by Krzysztof Nawratek we took a closer look at how the central public space was shaped in Kiev, Warsaw, Sofia, Bucharest and Vilnius.
Prediksi Erosi dan Arahan Penggunaan Lahan Daerah Aliran Sungai Yeh Leh Provinsi Bali
Authors: Ayu Ratna Sari Ni Made , Sandi Adnyana I Wayan , Merit I Nyoman
Published: October 2018

Erosion in the watershed generally occurs due to land use that ignores the rules of soil and water conservation. There is much activity carried out by people living on land in the Yeh Leh watershed area, which makes the level of dependence is very enormous.The erosion forecast is using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) to estimate the erosion swift occurs and to obtain illustration in determining the precise soil and water measures in a region. The determination of land capability classification is using Arsyad’s method (1989) in which to classify the land ability by classifying the land ability class based on the value of land limiting factors, which then adjusted to the criteria of classification of land capability. The land use directional determination is applying the scoring method where combining field slope factor, soil sensitivity to erosion and daily rainfall intensity. The erosion level of the YehLeh watershed area is categorized as mild to very severe. A very light erosion level as large as 515 ha (21.01%), with the land use in the form of irrigated rice field and forest. The severe erosion level as large as 990.02 ha (40.40%) with land use in the form of plantations. The very heavy erosion level as large as 945.82 ha (38.59%) with land use in the form of plantations. The classification of land capability in the YehLeh watershed area consists of 5 classes of land abilities: class II of 115, 22 ha (4.70%), class III of 533.95 ha (21.79%), class IV of 423.61 (17.28%), Class VI of 1,102.03 ha (44.97%), and Class VII of 276.03 ha (11.26%), with some limiting factors for instance, soil texture, erosion and drainage. Proposed land use in the YehLeh watershed area use for forest areas is as protected forest of 456.49 ha (18.63%). Proposed land use outside of the forest area consist of 58.51 ha (2.39%) of seasonal crops, annual cultivation area of 990.02 ha (40.40%) and buffer area of 945.82 (38.59%).

Keywords: watershed, erosion, land capability classification, proposed land use.
Hypnotic Art
Authors: Radić Nika
Published: October 2018

How to cite this article: Radić, Nika. "Hypnotic Art." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 17 (2018): 158−162. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i17.279
La globalización del derecho y los nuevos sistemas jurídicos del mundo globalizado: Fenómenos sistémicos y cibernéticos
Authors: Grun Ernesto
Published: October 2018

Una síntesis de los principales conceptos implicados en la Teoría General de Sistemas y la Cibernética precede la discusión acerca de la globalización y, en especial, de la globalización del derecho. Analizo cómo el proceso de la globalización afectará al derecho. Las modificaciones del entorno de los fenómenos jurídicos -como la economía y la política, entre otros sistemas- llevarán ineludiblemente a cambios significativos en el derecho y en la forma en que el mismo es creado y aplicado.  Como todos los otros fenómenos producidos por la globalización el derecho globalizado implica un proceso sistémico y cibernético que tiene diversas manifestaciones. También expongo las características sistémicas y cibernéticas de los nuevos sistemas jurídicos que aparecen en el mundo globalizado, la lex mercatoria y la jusretis, la ley de Internet.
Entrevista virtual al ex Ministro y ex magistrado de la Corte Suprema de Justicia: Doctor Jaime Giraldo Ángel
Authors: Abella de Fierro Martha Cecilia
Published: October 2018

MARTHA CECILIA ABELLA DE FIERRO: Dada su vasta experiencia en tema de justicia, sírvase decirnos para la Revista Jurídica "Piélagos", de la universidad Surcolombiana, cuáles son en su concepto los principales problemas de la administración de justicia en Colombia?

JAIME GIRALDO ANGEL: El principal problema de la Justicia en Colombia es la falta de acceso a la justicia formal de las personas de escasos recursos económicos. Según un estudio hecho por el departamento Nacional de Estadística, sólo el 31% de los conflictos que se presentan en el país llegan a la justicia formal, y un 22% a las autoridades administrativas.
Las cláusulas abusivas en el derecho privado colombiano
Authors: Salas Diego Ornar Pérez
Published: October 2018

Las cláusulas abusivas constituyen el paradigma de protección a la parte débil en el derecho contractual moderno. Este instrumento es considerado como una protección formal ya que pone un límite en el proceso de formación del contrato. Este tipo de cláusulas ha presentado un desarrollo legal y doctrinal considerable en el derecho comparado, pero bastante escaso por no decir nulo, en el derecho colombiano. Estas cláusulas abusivas o vejatorias han sido tratadas por la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema de Justicia partiendo del principio general de la prohibición del abuso del derecho, buscando con ello brindar protección a la parte contratante afectada por un acuerdo que finalmente se juzgue como abusivo.AbstractThe improper clauses are the most of protection to the week part in modern contractual law. This instrument is considered as a formal protection because it puts a border on the contract formation process. This kind of clauses has had a considerable legal and doctrinal development in comparative law, but quite scarce, or rather null and void, in Colombian law. This improper or vexation clauses have been treated by the jurisprudence of the Supreme of Justice Court beginning from the general principle of the prohibition of the right abuse, looking for giving to the affected  dealer by an agreement that finally would be judged as improper.
El contrato estatal de prestación de servicios personales y el principio de la primacía de la realidad
Authors: Ceballos Posada Bertha Lucy
Published: October 2018

En las actuales reformas para la modernización del Estado, la supresión de cargos es herramienta necesaria para la viabilidad financiera. Sin embargo, se viene asumiendo que las actividades de quienes ejercieron los cargos suprimidos pueden ser reemplazadas mediante la vinculación contractual de servicios personales, sin que ello pueda generar la reclamación de derechos laborales, tesis que la Sala Plena del Consejo de Estado ha elaborado bajo presupuestos que en este ensayo se critican, a la luz de los enunciados y argumentos que concretan los principios fundamentales del derecho del trabajo establecidos en nuestro actual sistema jurídico. AbstractIn the present reforms for the State upgrade, the post suppression is a necessary tool for the surety financial. However, it is taken on that the activities of those post eliminated can be replaced with the contractual entail of personal services, without the possibility to reclaim labor rights. Thesis that the Consejo de Estado has done under reasoning that in this rehearsal are criticized, in the light of the arguments that boil down the essential labor rights established in our present law system.
Responsabilidad de actores no estatales por violación de los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Lasso Lozano Luis Manuel
Published: October 2018

La responsabilidad internacional por violación de los derechos humanos ha sido un asunto atribuido a los Estados. Sin embargo, la evolución de los sistemas internacionales de protección de la persona humana ha ido ampliando progresivamente ese enfoque por resultar limitado. Este artículo presenta dicha evolución y los aspectos e implicaciones problemáticos de la misma.
La alta magistratura en Colombia: Entre la politización y la estabilidad institucional
Authors: López Daza Germán Alfonso
Published: October 2018

En Colombia, el cuasimonopolio de la potestad jurisdiccional otorga a los jueces y magistrados, ciertas prerrogativas y un indiscutible poder, el cual es superior en los magistrados de las altas cortes de justicia.

Su ubicación en la cúspide de la rama judicial genera una influencia directa en el sistema jurídico colombiano (unificadores de la jurisprudencia) y en asuntos particulares en los que asumen como jueces.

El diseño constitucional efectuado por la Constitución Política de 1991, implicó la intervención directa del sector político en la selección de la Corte Constitucional e indirectamente en la Corte Suprema de Justicia, el Consejo de Estado y el Consejo Superior de la Judicatura. Esta situación ha generado una politización en los procesos de selección de los magistrados de la rama judicial colombiana.
Uluslararası Kredi Derecelendirme Kuruluşlarının Kredi Not Kararlarının Türkiye Finansal Piyasalarına Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Sektör Endeksleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: ÇAĞLAK Emin , KÜÇÜKŞAHİN Habib , KAHRAMAN İbrahim Korkmaz
Published: October 2018

Uluslararası kredi
derecelendirme kuruluşlarının açıklamış olduğu kredi not kararları finansal
piyasa aktörlerinin kararlarını etkilemektedir. Günümüzde özellikle gelişmekte
olan ülkeler adına yapılan kredi derecelendirmelerinin ilgili ülkelerin
finansal piyasalarına olan yatırımcı ilgisine etkisini göz ardı etmek mümkün
değildir. Özellikle Türkiye finans piyasalarının da gelişmekte olan bir piyasa
olduğu göz önüne alındığında, kredi derecelendirme kuruluşları tarafından
yapılan kredi notlarının ilgili piyasaları ne derecede etkilediği önemli bir
soru olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu durumdan hareketle, çalışmada dünyada
tanınırlığı en yüksek üç kredi derecelendirme kuruluşu olan Fitch, Moody’s ve
Standart and Poor’s’un Türkiye için kredi notu açıklamalarının etkisi analiz
edilmektedir. Bu amaçla, kredi notu kararlarının Borsa İstanbul’da yer alan 14
sektör endeksi (Bist Banka, Bist Bilişim, Bist Elektrik, Bist Gıda İçecek, Bist
İletişim, Bist Kimya Petrol Plastik, Bist Kobi Sanayi, Bist Kurumsal Yönetim,
Bist Madencilik, Bist Metal Ana, Bist Spor, Bist Taş Toprak, Bist Ulaştırma,
Bist Sınai) üzerindeki etkisi olay çalışması yöntemi (Event Study) kullanılarak
incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan endeksler için anormal getiriler
ve kümülatif anormal getiriler hesaplanmış, elde edilen sonuçlar tanınırlığı en
yüksek üç kredi derecelendirme kuruluşu açısından karşılaştırılmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda, not açıklamalarının seçilmiş olan endeksler üzerinde
etkisi olduğu ve bu etkinin kredi derecelendirme kuruluşları arasında bir
farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir.
APLIKASI COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION (CAI) CRAFTING INTERIOR RUMAH BAGI ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Jong Indah , Prihartini Narti , Tursina Tursina
Published: October 2018

Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) adalah media bantu pembelajaran yang menempatkan komputer sebagai piranti sistem pembelajaran individual, di mana siswa dapat berinteraksi langsung dengan sistem komputer yang sengaja dirancang atau dimanfaatkan oleh guru. Pada taman kanak-kanak di masa modern ini sebagian besar pembelajaran dan pelatihan bahasa Inggris dimulai dengan memperkenalkan lingkungan sekitar termasuk benda-benda di dalam rumah. Menyikapi perkembangan pembelajaran anak usia dini, perlu adanya suatu aplikasi pendidikan yang didesain untuk guru sesuai dengan tingkat perkembangan anak usia 5 sampai dengan 6 tahun untuk menunjang pembelajaran bertemakan rumah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan aplikasi komputer yang memanfaatkan konsep CAI dengan model tutorial dan instructional games untuk mengenalkan nama benda-benda pada interior rumah dengan dua bahasa yaitu bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Metodologi penelitian yang dipakai mengacu pada pendekatan model ADDIE. Pengujian aplikasi menggunakan uji validasi yaitu ahli akademisi (PAUD), ahli CAI dan ahli multimedia. Hasil yang didapat dari validasi aplikasi menggunakan skala pengukuran Guttman ini mendapatkan nilai 95% untuk sisi akademisi PAUD, nilai 91,665% untuk sisi CAI, dan nilai 75% untuk sisi multimedia, rata-rata nilai persentase akhir dari aplikasi ini adalah 87,223%, sehingga aplikasi CAI crafting interior rumah bagi anak usia dini dirasa telah layak dalam memenuhi target pembelajaran.
Aplikasi Monitoring dan Evaluasi Kinerja Aparatur di Kejaksaan Negeri Mempawah
Authors: Jaya Kriyan Andika , Safriadi Novi , Perwitasari Anggi
Published: October 2018

Proses pengawasan dan evaluasi disuatu instansi pemerintah khususnya di Kejaksaan Negeri Mempawah merupakan salah satu hal yang sangat penting. Dalam proses pelaksanaannya sistem monitoring dan evaluasi kinerja aparatur di Kejaksaan Negeri Mempawah masih menggunakan sistem konvensional, yaitu dengan memantau kembali berkas-berkas pendukung dalam proses monitoring dan evaluasi yang menyebabkan proses menjadi tidak efektif dan efisien.  Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan suatu aplikasi untuk memudahkan proses pengawasan dan evaluasi kinerja aparatur dalam penanganan berkas perkara. Pada penelitian ini aplikasi yang dibuat berbasis android yang dilengkapi dengan fitur notifikasi dan pengingat untuk membantu proses monitoring dan evaluasi. Alat dalam perancangan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Unified Modeling Language dan Entity Relationship Diagram, dan pengujian sistem yang dilakukan menggunakan metode Black Box dan kuesioner terhadap 10 orang pengguna aplikasi yang terdiri dari 5 orang dari petugas bagian Pidana Umum dan 5 orang dari petugas bagian Pidana Khusus didapat nilai kuesioner 651 dari nilai maksimum 750, yang berada pada range positif dengan persentase 86,8%, hasil pengujian menunjukkan aplikasi ini berjalan dengan baik. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk mempermudah proses pengawasan dan evaluasi kinerja aparatur.
Aplikasi Pembelajaran Pengenalan Nama Pahlawan Indonesia berbasis Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
Authors: Sibarani Felicia Feliyana Maharani , Tursina Tursina , Perwitasari Anggi
Published: October 2018

Peran sejarah dalam Indonesia tidak terlepas dari pelaku sejarah itu sendiri yaitu para pahlawan. Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) adalah media bantu pembelajaran yang menempatkan komputer sebagai piranti sistem pembelajaran individual, siswa dapat berinteraksi langsung dengan sistem komputer yang dirancang. Pada pendidikan anak kelas IV SD dengan memperkenalkan nama-nama Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia di mata pelajaran IPS, seperti contohnya Pahlawan Nasional dari Kalimantan Barat dengan narasi biografi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk membantu anak tingkat Sekolah Dasar lebih mudah memahami dan mempelajari tentang pengenalan nama-nama Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia dengan memanfaatkan konsep CAI dengan model tutorial dan instructional games. Pengujian aplikasi menggunakan uji validasi yaitu ahli materi (Guru SD) dan ahli CAI, serta pengujian angket pada anak kelas IV SD. Hasil yang didapat dari validasi aplikasi menggunakan skala pengukuran Guttman ini mendapatkan nilai 90% untuk sisi  materi Guru SD, nilai 92,1% untuk sisi CAI, 89,17% untuk anak kelas IV SD, sehingga aplikasi CAI pengenalan nama Pahlawan Nasional untuk anak kelas IV SD dirasa telah layak dalam memenuhi target pembelajaran.
Aplikasi Virtual Tour Pada Ruang Pelayanan RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak
Authors: Yurida Nur Harsi , Sukamto Anggi Srimurdianti , Muhardi Hafiz
Published: October 2018

RSUD. Dr. Soedarso merupakan rumah sakit rujukan tertinggi tingkat propinsi, sehingga rumah sakit ini banyak dikunjungi keluarga maupun kerabat pasien yang datang dari berbagai daerah. Informasi yang diberikan oleh rumah sakit tentang lokasi ruang pelayanan tersebut hanyalah berdasarkan penjunjuk arah yang ada di setiap simpang lorong rumah sakit. Hal tersebut menyulitkan pengunjung karena harus menghafal jalur lorong yang akan dituju atau hanya mengandalkan plang yang tersedia. Dengan permasalahan yang ditemui, maka dibuatkan suatu sarana penyajian informasi yang dapat memudahkan pengunjung dalam mencari ruangan yang ada, salah satunya dapat berupa Virtual Tour yang dikombinasikan dengan denah lokasi ruangan pada RSUD. Dr. Soedarso. Virtual Tour merupakan teknik fotografi untuk menampilkan foto suatu lokasi secara berkelanjutan (continuously), tidak terpotong (seamless) dan tanpa tepi (borderless) dalam sudut pandang 3600. Melalui aplikasi Virtual Tour yang dikombinasikan dengan pemandu arah yang berupa denah lokasi ruangan yang ada, diharapkan dapat memudahkan pengunjung dalam mencari lokasi ruang pelayanan dengan melihat lingkungan secara lebih nyata melalui dunia maya. Proses pembuatan aplikasi dimulai dari pengambilan gambar yang menggunakan kamera digital SLR dengan lesa fish eye, penggabungan gambar menjadi gambar panorama spherical dengan teknik stitching. Aplikasi ini melakukan pengujian black-box dan User Acceptance Test (UAT). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian black-box dapat dikethaui bahwa aplikasi telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan dapat berjalan dengan baik. Hasil dari pengujian UAT yang dihitung menggunakan skala likert didapatkan hasil rata-rata 86,1% dan dinilai sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Aplikasi Virtual Tour pada RSUD. Dr. Soedarso ini telah berhasil dibuat dan dapat membantu pengguna daam menemukan ruangan pada RSUD. Dr. Soedarso melalui denah lokasi yang diberikan.
BITCOİN İLE TÜRKİYE VE G7 ÜLKE BORSALARI ARASINDAKİ UZUN VE KISA DÖNEMLİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖGET Emrah , KANAT Ersin
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada, isminden son yıllarda sıkça bahsettiren
ve kripto paralardan biri olan Bitcoin fiyatı ile Türkiye ve G7 ülkelerine ait
borsa endeksleri arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi incelenmektedir. Bitcoin
fiyatlarındaki dalgalanmanın 2013 yılından itibaren başlaması nedeni ile
çalışmada 01.01.2013-26.01.2018 arasındaki günlük veriler kullanılmıştır.
Çalışmada öncelikle birim kök testleri ve eşbütünleşme analizi
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin uzun dönemde dengede
olup olmadığını analiz edebilmek için vektör hata düzeltme modeli (VECM)
kullanılmış, kısa dönemli ilişkiler ise Granger Nedensellik/WALD testi
yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, Bitcoin ile diğer ülke
borsaları arasında herhangi bir uzun dönemli denge ilişkisinden söz
edilemeyeceği bulunurken, kısa dönemde İngiltere borsasının (FTSE) Bitcoin’in
nedeni olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, Bitcoin’in de S&P 500 ve
Kanada Borsasının (STSX) nedeni olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, Bitcoin
fiyatının dalgalanması hakkında kısa vadede bu üç borsa endeksinin de fikir
verebileceği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yatırımcılar hem araştırmaya konu olan bu
borsalar arasında hem de Bitcoin’e yatırım yaparak risklerini çeşitlendirme
yoluna gidebilir.
HİLE ÖNLENME VE TESPİT ETME YÖNTEMLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ ve HİLEKAR PROFİLİ: TÜRKİYE ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: ATAMAN Başak , AYBOĞA Mehmet Hanifi , YILMAZ Gökhan
Published: October 2018

Hile, işletmelerin içinde gizlice dolaşan
ve varlıklarının erimesine yol açan önemli bir risktir. Görünmeden ilerleyen bu
risk faktörü işletmelerin buna hazırlıksız yakalanmalarına sebep olabilmekte,
bu da ağır kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Hile sadece finansal kayba yol açan bir
risk değildir, aynı zamanda işletmenin etik kültürünün olumsuz etkilenmesine
neden olan, işletmenin itibarını zedeleyen de bir risktir. Bu riski minimize
etmek için öncelikle hilenin altında yatan faktörlerinin tanınması ve buna
ilişkin önleyici ve tespit edici uygulamaların yerine getirilmesi önem
taşımaktadır. Çalışmamızda, hile ile ilgili genel bilgiler verilmiş,
Türkiye’deki hile denetçilerinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen araştırma
sonuçları dikkate alınarak, ülkemizdeki işletmelerde meydana gelen hilelere
ilişkin mevcut durum, hilenin verdiği zarar, hile önleme ve tespit
yöntemlerinin etkinliği ile hilekâr profili ile ilgili güncel bilgiler
sunulmuştur. Ayrıca, hile önleme, tespit etme ve hilekâr özelliklerinin; işletmede
tespit edilen hile sayısı, hile tutarı ve hilenin devam etme süresiyle arasında
anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığı istatiksel yöntemlerle incelenmiştir.
Doğal floradan toplanan bazı fiğ türlerinin (Vicia sp.) morfolojik özellikleri
Authors: ERDURMUŞ Cengiz , KİREMİTÇİ Semiha , ÖTEN Mehmet
Published: October 2018

Çalışma,
Antalya doğal florasında bulunan adi fiğ (Vicia
sativa L.), tüylü fiğ (Vicia villosa Roth.) ve koca fiğ (Vicia
narbonensis L.) türlerinden tohum örnekleri toplayıp, morfolojik
özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırma, Batı Akdeniz
Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünde 2008-2013 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür.
Türlerin bulunduğu yerlerin GPS değerleri belirlenmiştir. Toplamda gidilen 63
lokasyondan 41 adi fiğ, 15 tüylü fiğ ve 7
koca fiğ populasyonu toplanmıştır. Tüm türlerde tohum çoğaltma
işlemi enstitü arazisine yapılarak daha sonra gözlem bahçesi oluşturulmuştur.
Türlerin çiçeklenme gün sayısı (gün),
fizyolojik olum gün sayısı (gün), ilk bakla gün sayısı (gün), bitki boyu (cm), bin tane ağırlığı (g) ve baklada tane sayısı (adet) morfolojik
gözlemler olarak alınmıştır. Alınan gözlem
değerlerine göre fiğ türlerine ait populasyonlar arasında geniş bir varyasyon
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikleri belirlenen
genetik materyal, kültüre alma ve ıslah çalışmaları amacıyla
değerlendirilebilir.
EFECTO DEL RECUBRIMIENTO QUÍMICO DE SEMILLAS DE TRES ESPECIES EN EL CONSUMO POR ARDILLA GRIS
Authors: Chávez-León Gilberto , Méndez Espinoza Claudia
Published: October 2018

Un factor que limita el éxito de la dispersión de semillas con fines de reforestación es su consumo por la fauna silvestre, por lo que se ha propuesto el recubrimiento o peletizado con productos químicos como repelente a los consumidores. Para determinar su efecto en ardillas grises (Sciurus aureogaster), se les ofrecieron semillas recubiertas de Pinus ayacahuite, P. cembroides y Enterolobium cyclocarpum en pruebas pareadas realizadas en el Vivero de Coyoacán, D. F. Se evaluaron tres tratamientos de peletizado por especie; los componentes activos fueron un condicionante aversivo (cloruro de litio), un fungicida (dicarboximida), un insecticida (lambda cyalotrina) y un conservador (benzoato de sodio). Al localizar una ardilla se le presentaron dos semillas: una con recubrimiento químico y otra sin tratamiento. Se procedió de la misma manera con los tres taxa forestales, y el número de ardillas consideradas fue de 100. Los datos se analizaron con la prueba de McNemar para determinar si las frecuencias de consumo de semillas peletizadas y sin peletizar eran iguales. No hubo diferencia significativa para P. ayacahuite y P. cembroides. Ninguna semilla de E. cyclocarpum fue consumida. Se observaron dos patrones generales de conducta: abrir la testa dura para ingerir el embrión o enterrar las semillas que no lograron romper. Al eliminar la testa y no comerla imposibilitó el efecto del recubrimiento de las semillas, ya que los animales no sufrieron los efectos aversivos esperados. Por lo tanto, el pildorado en las especies forestales evaluadas no controló los daños por consumo de ardillas.
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Khan Rana Muhammad Suhail , Farhan Sabeen , Khan Fahad Aman
Published: October 2018

Objectives: To determine the frequency of elevated homocysteine level inpatients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Design: Cross-sectional. Place andDuration: Coronary Care Unit of Allied hospital Faisalabad, from 25-11-09- to 24-05-2010.Material and Methods: A total of 164 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected.Demographic details, history and examination findings of the patients were recorded. Bloodsample were collected in fasting state for estimation of plasma glucose, serum LDL, serumcholesterol and serum total homocysteine level. Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics like meanwith standard deviation were applied on age. Frequency of elevated homocysteine levels wascalculated in acute myocardial infarction with other conventional risk factors for coronary arterydisease. Male to female ratio was calculated. Frequency of elevated homocysteine levels wascalculated in acute myocardial infarction. Results: Out of 164, 53.9% (n=88) were male patientsand 76 46.08% (n=76) were females. Average age was 60.90±10.19. Among conventionalrisk factors, the frequency of elevated homocysteine levels was high (82%) in smokers. Thefrequency of elevated homocysteine levels was 55% in acute myocardial infarction and it was61% in males and 39% in females respectively. The frequency of elevated homocysteine levelswas highest (73%) among age group between 40-50 years. Conclusion: Frequency of elevatedhomocysteine levels was high among the patients with acute myocardial infarction. Moderateelevated homocysteine levels were associated with smoking.