bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Sikap Petani Padi Terhadap Atribut Pupuk Subsidi Petani Tebu Di Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Maharani Intan Mega , Hanani Nuhfil , Syafrial Syafrial
Published: February 2024

Tebu di Indonesia umumnya digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama industri gula untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi dan industri. Meskipun demikian, isu fluktuasi produksi yang dihadapi petani tebu menunjukkan adanya risiko terhadap produksi usaha tani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh input produksi dalam produksi usaha tani tebu. Just and Pope model digunakan untuk menentukan pengaruh dari masing-masing input dalam risiko produksi, serta pendekatan Just and Pope digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana respon petani terhadap risiko. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Wates dan Kandat Kabupaten Kediri dan ditentukan secara purposive, dengan jumlah petani responden yang dipilih secara acak sebanyak 106 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa input produksi pupuk urea, phonska dan organik serta pestisida dan tenaga kera berpengaruh menurunkan risiko produksi pada Kecamatan Kandat. Sedangkan pada Kecamatan Wates input produksi yang berperan dalam menurunkan risiko produksi yaitu, bibit, pupuk urea, ZA, dan tenaga kerja. Lebih lanjut, petani tebu di Kabupaten Kediri berperilaku sebagai risk seeker dalam menghadapi risiko. Oleh karena itu, disarankan untuk mendukung penyediaan fasilitas kemitraan antara petani dan peneliti dalam merancang dan mengembangkan teknologi dan praktik baru untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan menerapkan program pelatihan yang sesuai dengan kapasitas dan keterbatasan petani untuk mendorong petani mengambil risiko. Hal ini akan membantu untuk lebih meningkatkan produktivitas tebu di Kabupaten Kediri.
Analisis Faktor- Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Alih Fungsi Lahan Sawah Ke Non Sawah Di Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Nurrahma Alifia Fauziyah , Darsono Darsono , Barokah Umi
Published: February 2024

The area of rice fields in Klaten Regency has decreased every year, this is in line with the increase in population and the non-agricultural sector that requires land so that the function of rice fields to non-rice fields is converted to meet the demand for this land. This research aims was to examine the rate of conversion of rice fields in Klaten Regency, the development of rice fields in Klaten Regency and to find out the factors that influence the conversion of rice fields in Klaten Regency. The basic method of this research is descriptive and quantitative analysis methods. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of time series data for 1990-2019. The quantitative analysis method used is the calculation of the partial rate of land conversion, analysis of the influencing factors using multiple linear regression analysis based on OLS (Ordinary Least Square). The results showed that the rate of conversion of rice fields in Klaten Regency during 1990-2019 experienced a fluctuating conversion of rice fields, the area of decreasing rice fields was 5.5% or 2,155 ha and the average conversion rate was 0.18% with over the function of rice fields 71.3 Ha per year. Based on multiple linear regression analysis (Ordinary Least Square) with a confidence level of 95%, it is known that the factors that influence the conversion of rice fields to non- rice fields in Klaten Regency are residential, current price PDRB, and population.
Pola Kemitraan Pt Pameling Agro Nusantara Dengan Petani Alpukat Pameling Sebagai Upaya Mensejahterakan Petani
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Hidayat Kliwon , Kustanti Asihing
Published: February 2024

The vulnerability caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in Wonorejo Village has an impact on decreasing the income of the villagers, who are mostly farmers. The agricultural commodity developed is pameling avocado. PT Pameling Agro Nusantara is one of the facilitators who develops pameling avocados. In addition to generating profits, this partnership also has the aim of bringing prosperity to the pameling avocado farming community, especially in Wonorejo Village. The aims of this research are 1) to describe the pattern of partnership that exists between PT Pameling Agro Nusantara and the farmers, 2) to explain PT Pameling Agro Nusantara's strategy to gain partner farmers, 3) to analyze the partnership process between PT Pameling Agro Nusantara and thefarmers. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study as the research design. The results showed that the partnership pattern between PT Pameling Agro Nusantara and the seed-raising farmers and cultivating partner farmers in Andonosari village was agribusiness operational cooperation, while the partnership that was established with the cultivating farmers in Wonorejo Village was a general trading pattern. The company got partner farmers in two ways, namely both bottom-up and top-down socialization. The partnership process was established by considering the rights and obligations of each party. This article is useful for readers to know the pattern of partnerships between the company and farmers, specifically, this article can be used as an analysis material by PT Pameling Agro Nusantara to improve its partnership system.
Analisis Keputusan Pembelian Madu Berdasarkan Implikasi 7p Marketing Mix Di Era Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Di Tawon Rimba Raya Lawang Malang)
Authors: Delima Sirait Mika Anggi , Kusumastuti Anie Eka
Published: February 2024

Agro Tawon Rimba Raya Tourism Picking Honey Lawang is one of the locations for selling honey from Tawon Rimba Raya Lawang (TRRL). The Research objectives were: 1). To identify the consumer characteristics on honey purchasing decisions in the COVID-19 pandemic era, 2). To analyze the influence of the implications of the 7p marketing mix on the decision purchasing TRRL honey in the COVID-19 pandemic era, and 3). To analyzed factors influenced the decision to purchase TRRL honey in the pandemic COVID-19 era. The research method used survey method. The research sample was conducted through purposive and accidental sampling on 100 respondents. The data collection technique used direct observation, interviews with structured questionnaires as research instruments, and documentation. Data then analyzed with descriptive analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results indicated that the characteristics of TRRL honey consumers in the COVID-19 Pandemic era were male and female with an age ranging of 17-27 years old, with education level of Senior/Vocational High School/equivalent, have an occupation as entrepreneurial work, and having average income per month > IDR 3,000,000.-. 7p marketing mix that affects the purchase of TRRL honey consists of product including: price, process, promotion and place variables.
Kesiapan Petani Menghadapi Peremajaan (Replanting) Kelapa Sawit Di Desa Rimba Jaya, Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Setiawan Donny , Ismiasih Ismiasih , Listiyani Listiyani
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the replanting model carried out by oil palm farmers and to determine the readiness of farmers in facing repalnting in Rimba Jaya Village, Tapung Hulu District, Kampar Regency. The research method uses descriptive qualitative. The sample was determined by purposive sampling with a total sample of 30 farmers with the consideration that the farmers selected were currently reppanting oil palm. The results showed that the replanting model used by oil palm farmers was total replanting (TUT) of 70% and interplanting of 30%. Readiness of farmers in facing repalnting because they receive assistance from the government, have savings, have side jobs and own land other than what is replanting
Analisis Penilaian Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Swadaya Berkelanjutan Di Kecamatan Selat Penuguan Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Muharani Laily , Priestiani Priestiani , Khasanah Nur , Windarti Ayu
Published: February 2024

Perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya melakukan pembudidayaan tanpa kerjasama dengan pihak lain, sehingga dalam pengolahannya petani melakukan sesuai kebiasaan masing-masing. Hal ini menyebabkan permasalahan umum pada perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya antara lain, pengelolaan perkebunan yang tidak sesuai standar ISPO, kurangnya fasilitas kelembagaan, belum adanya kekuatan hukum atas kebun, hingga kurangnya pengetahuan dan informasi tentang pengolaan kebun. Oleh karena itu, penilaian perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berkelanjutan pada berbagai tahapan perkembangan tanaman akan menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya untuk melakukan perbaikan pada dimensi ekonomi, lingkungan, sosial, teknis dan kelembagaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai kondisi keberlanjutan perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya berdasarkan ISPO pada berbagai tahapan perkembangan tanaman dan menganalisis pencapaian perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya yang berkelanjutan berdasarkan ISPO di Kecamatan Selat Penuguan Kabupaten Banyuasin. Analisis yang digunakan untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian ini adalah RAP (Rapid Appraisal Technique) dengan metode Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) yang terintegrasi dalam modifikasi Rap-Palmoil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai keberlanjutan perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya pada kriteria “kurang berkelanjutan” dengan rata-rata nilai indeks sebesar 27,70 %, dimana hasil analisis untuk lima dimensi adalah dimensi ekonomi (37,82%), lingkungan (40,54%) dan teknis (28,00%) berada pada kriteria kurang, sedangkan dimensi sosial (19,27%) dan kelembagaan (12,90%) berada pada kriteria buruk. Perkebuanan kelapa sawit swadaya memiliki indeks keberlanjutan yang berbeda, sehingga diperlukan kebijakan yang berbeda untuk mengevaluasi permasalaphan di setiap dimensi untuk terciptanya perkebunan kelapa sawit swadaya yang berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Selat Penuguan, Kabupaten Banyuasin.
Pengaruh Kinerja Gabungan Kelompok Tani Terhadap Keberhasilan Program Usaha Produksi Beras (Studi Pada Gapoktan Dewi Sri Desa Glanggang Kabupaten Malang)
Authors: Putri Anggi Eka Ananda , Yuswita Effy , Aprilia Anisa
Published: February 2024

One of the problems that is often experienced by rice farmers is the problem of price fluctuations and selling prices that are below the HPP (Government Purchasing Price). Therefore, to overcome this problem, special efforts are needed to improve the welfare of farmers by involving farmer institutions in the form of farmer group associations (gapoktan). This study aims to analyze the effect of the combined performance of farmer groups seen from individual aspects, leadership, ease of business facilities, and implementation aspects on the success of the rice production business program run by the Dewi Sri Farmer Group Association. This study used a quantitative approach with a total sample of 65 respondents taken purposively. The data analysis method used to determine the effect of farmer group performance on the success of the business program is Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis using WarpPLS Version 7.0 software as an analysis tool. The results showed that the variables of leadership, ease of doing business, and implementation aspects had a positive and significant effect on the success of the rice production business program, while the individual aspect variables had no significant effect.
Analisis Marketable Surplus Beras Merah
Authors: Salimah Winada Fajar , Rachmina Dwi , Dewi Triana Gita
Published: February 2024

Rice farmers generally have a dual role, namely as producers and consumers of the rice produced. The consumption of farmer households with a marketable surplus is inversely related. This research aims to analyze the marketable surplus of brown rice and the factors that influence the marketable surplus of brown rice. The analysis used is descriptive analysis, marketable surplus calculation, and regression models. The research results show that the marketable surplus for brown rice, taking into account sumbang sokong, is relatively small, namely 11.56 percent. Meanwhile, the marketable surplus of brown rice without taking into account the contribution is 46.89 percent. The sumbang sokong tradition greatly influences the amount of marketable surplus because the large proportion of brown rice allocated for sumbang sokong (35.33 percent). The marketable surplus of brown rice is significantly and positively influenced by the land area. Thus, increasing market surplus can be done through expanding land by encouraging farmer motivation through increasing market access. Besides that, the rising of productivity can be conducted to push the marketable surplus.
Analisis Risiko Usahatani Bawang Merah Di Desa Banti Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang
Authors: Putra Chairil Arun , Nurdin Nurdin , Akbar Akbar
Published: February 2024

Usahatani bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan strategis. Tetapi sebagaimana komoditi pertanian lainnya bawang merah juga tidak luput dari yang namanya risiko, tingkat risiko yang terjadi akan mempengaruhi besarnya pendapatan yang akan diterima petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur tingkat risiko produksi, risiko biaya dan risiko pendapatan usahatani bawang merah di Desa Banti Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling, jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 10% dari 300 petani bawang merah di Desa Banti Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang yaitu sebanyak 30 sampel petani bawang merah dan data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan  adalah analisis tingkat risiko menggunakan Koefisien Variasi (CV). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko produksi sebesar 0,11 (11%), risiko biaya sebesar 0,08 (8%) dan risiko pendapatan sebesar 0,74 (74%). Tingkat risiko produksi, risiko biaya dan risiko pendapatan di Desa Banti Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang tergolong rendah dikarenakan  nilai Koefesien Variasinya (CV)<1.
El desempeño de la inteligencia en España en el ámbito público, empresarial y académico
Authors: Payá-Santos Claudio Augusto
Published: February 2024

Este artículo analiza dos cuestiones clave en los servicios de inteligencia en España: su desempeño profesional y el avance teórico de carácter académico que impulsa el uso de la inteligencia en distintos espacios públicos y privados, en búsqueda de dar prestigio a la inteligencia en la academia. Analizando especialmente la obra del investigador español Díaz-Matey, se evidencia que la valoración de la inteligencia tanto en el sector público como en el empresarial impacta la funcionalidad y legitimidad de los organismos de inteligencia. Se concluye que debe avanzarse en los procesos de democratización y desclasificación, rompiendo el secretismo, para que la inteligencia permee la cultura general, se consolide como disciplina académica y ayude a tomar mejores decisiones en todos los ámbitos.
Soberanías compartidas, gobernanzas criminales y desafíos al modelo de Estado en Colombia
Authors: Niño Cesar , Guerrero-Sierra Hugo Fernando , Rivas-Otero José Manuel
Published: February 2024

La persistencia y actividad de grupos ilegales en Colombia se puede explicar a través de la inviabilidad del concepto tradicional del Estado moderno. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo los principios fundamentales de la soberanía y la gobernanza que implica la idea del Estado moderno son menoscabados por la presencia endémica de estructuras ilegales en Colombia. Mediante una aproximación metodológica ecléctica e híbrida, se muestra cómo se han configurado en el país algunas soberanías compartidas y gobernanzas criminales, en especial tras la desmovilización de las FARC-EP y la disipación de la agenda de seguridad nacional respecto a sus objetivos. Se concluye que Colombia debe continuar en la senda de la cohesión, para consolidar sus intereses nacionales y proteger la ciudadanía.
Promoting Student Engagement through Teamwork Learning: Assessing the Moderating Influence of Age, Gender and Qualification
Authors: Bhargava Sheela , Sharma Renu
Published: February 2024

More recently, student engagement has been built around the hopeful goal of enhancing all the abilities of students to learn and become lifelong learners in a knowledge-based society. Consequently, student engagement is now receiving heightened attention from all higher education stakeholders. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between teamwork learning and student engagement along with the moderating effect of age, gender and educational qualification. It is well recognised that age, gender and qualification directly or indirectly influence the magnitude of engagement of students in higher studies, thus, they have been considered as the moderating variables for the study. The research instrument for the study consisted of standard questionnaires. The sample comprised of 210 students pursuing graduation or post-graduation in different domains, that is, Management, Engineering and Commerce. The research model was analysed using SPSS, AMOS and MACRO process. The findings of this study highlighted that there was a significant association between teamwork learning and student engagement. Furthermore, the findings indicated that young students and those pursuing graduation were more impacting the relationship between the two constructs in comparison to older students and those who were pursuing post-graduation.
Sector-Wise Herd Behaviour in the Indian Stock Market during COVID-19
Authors: Sharma Charu , Lodha Shilpa
Published: February 2024

The article examines the herd behaviour at sector level in the National Stock Exchange of India. The novel objective of the paper is to analyse the presence of herd behaviour during the whole, pre- and post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak period. The popular model proposed by Chang et al. (2000) has been deployed to examine herd formation in each sector. Five major sectors namely auto, bank, fast moving consumer goods, information technology and pharma have been considered along with NIFTY50 consisting daily closing prices of 106 companies comprising 58 from five sectoral indices and 48 from NIFTY50 for the period from 2011 to 2021 considering 1 January 2011–29 January 2020 as before COVID-19 outbreak period and 30 January 2020–31 December 2021 as after COVID-19 outbreak period. Results revealed significant evidence of anti-herd behaviour before COVID19 outbreak. At the same time, significant evidence of the existence of herd behaviour in FMCG, auto and pharma sectors have been detected after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic which assumes that investors tend to imitate the investment decisions of other market participants during such adverse macro events around the globe. The study tried to enhance the knowledge of investors to develop their trading strategies in the volatile market conditions by investing vigilantly and keeping such phenomenon in concern.
Good or Great: Which One Are You?
Authors: Martin Tammy S.
Published: February 2024

Clinicians caring for patients, especially those with chronic diseases or older adults, need to recognize the value of being able to transition away from aggressive care when appropriate and focus on a more palliative approach. Research has shown that patients want to have goals of care discussions and maintain autonomy at the end of life. These goals of care discussions can be challenging, and clinicians must prioritize and develop this skill in order to provide their patients with what they may need most. Being able to treat patients aggressively and prolong life is undoubtedly vital; however, so is the ability to recognize suffering and provide a patient and their family with the opportunity to find peace at the end of life. This skill ensures a more whole person focus and sets the great clinician apart from the good.
Patient and Therapist Perceptions of a Publicly Funded Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) Program for Ontario Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Study
Authors: Thapar Serena , Nguyen Megan , Khan Bilal Noreen , Fanaieyan Roz , Kishimoto Vanessa , Liu Rebecca , Bolea-Alamañac Blanca , Leon-Carlyle Marisa , O’Riordan Anne , Keresteci Maggie , Bhattacharyya Onil
Published: February 2024

Background

To address the anticipated rise in mental health symptoms experienced at the population level during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ontario government provided 2 therapist-assisted internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) programs to adults free of charge at the point of service.

Objective

The study aims to explore the facilitators of and barriers to implementing iCBT at the population level in Ontario, Canada, from the perspective of patients and therapists to better understand how therapist-assisted iCBT programs can be effectively implemented at the population level and inform strategies for enhancing service delivery and integration into the health care system.

Methods

Using a convenience sampling methodology, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 therapists who delivered iCBT and 20 patients who received iCBT through either of the publicly funded programs to explore their perspectives of the program. Interview data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis to generate themes.

Results

Six salient themes were identified. Facilitators included the therapist-assisted nature of the program; the ease of registration and the lack of cost; and the feasibility of completing the psychoeducational modules given the online and self-paced nature of the program. Barriers included challenges with the online remote modality for developing the therapeutic alliance; the program’s generalized nature, which limited customization to individual needs; and a lack of formal integration between the iCBT program and the health care system.

Conclusions

Although the program was generally well-received by patients and therapists due to its accessibility and feasibility, the digital format of the program presented both benefits and unique challenges. Strategies for improving the quality of service delivery include opportunities for synchronous communication between therapists and patients, options for increased customization, and the formal integration of iCBT into a broader stepped-care model that centralizes patient referrals between care providers and promotes continuity of care.
Reliability of Telepsychiatry Assessments Using the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale-IV for Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Their Caregivers: Randomized Feasibility Study
Authors: Kurokawa Shunya , Nomura Kensuke , Hosogane Nana , Nagasawa Takashi , Kawade Yuko , Matsumoto Yu , Morinaga Shuichi , Kaise Yuriko , Higuchi Ayana , Goto Akiko , Inada Naoko , Kodaira Masaki , Kishimoto Taishiro
Published: February 2024

Background

Given the global shortage of child psychiatrists and barriers to specialized care, remote assessment is a promising alternative for diagnosing and managing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, only a few studies have validated the accuracy and acceptability of these remote methods.

Objective

This study aimed to test the agreement between remote and face-to-face assessments.

Methods

Patients aged between 6 and 17 years with confirmed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnoses of ADHD or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were recruited from multiple institutions. In a randomized order, participants underwent 2 evaluations, face-to-face and remotely, with distinct evaluators administering the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the reliability of face-to-face and remote assessments.

Results

The participants included 74 Japanese children aged between 6 and 16 years who were primarily diagnosed with ADHD (43/74, 58%) or ASD (31/74, 42%). A total of 22 (30%) children were diagnosed with both conditions. The ADHD-RS-IV ICCs between face-to-face and remote assessments showed “substantial” agreement in the total ADHD-RS-IV score (ICC=0.769, 95% CI 0.654-0.849; P<.001) according to the Landis and Koch criteria. The ICC in patients with ADHD showed “almost perfect” agreement (ICC=0.816, 95% CI 0.683-0.897; P<.001), whereas in patients with ASD, it showed “substantial” agreement (ICC=0.674, 95% CI 0.420-0.831; P<.001), indicating the high reliability of both methods across both conditions.

Conclusions

Our study validated the feasibility and reliability of remote ADHD testing, which has potential benefits such as reduced hospital visits and time-saving effects. Our results highlight the potential of telemedicine in resource-limited areas, clinical trials, and treatment evaluations, necessitating further studies to explore its broader application.

Trial Registration

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000039860; http://tinyurl.com/yp34x6kh
Enhancing HIV Cognitive Abilities and Self-Management Through Information Technology–Assisted Interventions: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Hao , Xie MeiLian , Yang Zhen , Wang AiPing
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

HIV/AIDS remains a significant global challenge, and with the rapid advancement of technology, there has been an increasing number of interventions aimed at improving HIV/AIDS cognition and self-management behaviors among patients. However, there is still a lack of detailed literature integrating relevant evidence.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to comprehensively review existing research on interventions using modern information methods to improve HIV/AIDS cognition and enhance self-management behaviors among patients. It systematically reports the theoretical frameworks and specific intervention strategies used in current research, providing a comprehensive overview of the development status of relevant studies. We aim to compile existing evidence through this scoping review to identify potential avenues for future research.

METHODS

We followed the scoping review framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute for the synthesis and reporting of evidence. Relevant literature was searched using electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. The time frame for inclusion was from 2018 to December 1, 2023. Inclusion criteria were (1) interventions using modern information technology or new digital media, (2) studies focusing on improving HIV awareness or self-management behaviors among people living with HIV, (3) intervention studies or evaluations of intervention effects, and (4) studies published within the last five years. Two reviewers (HH and MX) independently assessed each study at both the title and abstract screening stage and the full-text review stage, resolving any disagreements through discussion.

RESULTS

A total of 55 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model, Social Cognitive Theory, Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Information Systems Research Framework are among the most commonly used theoretical frameworks. Modern information technology interventions are mainly constructed using smartphone apps, SMS text messaging, internet-based platforms, audiovisual materials, and digital health education platforms, with smartphone apps and SMS text messaging being the most widely used intervention media.

CONCLUSIONS

Modern information technology is becoming an important tool for health interventions among people living with HIV/AIDS. However, future research should focus on integrating theoretical framework guidance with intervention design, further exploring the diversity of intervention implementations, the applicability of different technological methods, their long-term effects, and how to more effectively combine traditional intervention strategies to maximize intervention outcomes.
Assessing First-Cycle Primary School English Language Teachers’ Speaking Proficiency
Authors: Baisa Girma Abate , Worabu Rufael Disaasaa , Belachew Teshale Tefera
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to assess the speaking proficiency of English teachers in the first-cycle primary school employed a convergent mixed design method, with a specific focus on the East Wollega Zone. Utilizing sophisticated probability sampling, fifteen and ten English teachers underwent randomly assigned Oral Proficiency Tests and classroom observations, respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis uncovered a notable deficiency in overall speaking proficiency, as indicated by a combined mean score of 2.65, falling below the required standard. Independent sample t-tests revealed subpar Oral Proficiency Test outcomes for both male and female teachers, with p-values exceeding .05 for all components except pronunciation. Through a comprehensive assessment integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study consistently highlighted below-average speaking proficiency among English teachers. The results emphasize the imperative for targeted interventions and professional development initiatives to elevate the speaking proficiency of primary-level English teachers. The research provides critical insights by identifying specific areas of deficiency in speaking proficiency, particularly in pronunciation. These findings underscore the intricate nature of language proficiency and serve as a foundational guide for future research and policy considerations to enhance English language instruction in the early stages of education, addressing identified proficiency gaps and fostering a more effective learning environment.
THE TERATOGENIC EFFECT OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (DEG) ON FETUS MORPHOLOGY IN WHITE MICE (MUS MUSCULUS L.)
Authors: BADRIYYA ELSA , SRANGENGE YONETA , SIREGAR JOYCE ARTHA ROSLINA , A. ALMAHDY
Published: February 2024

Objective: Diethylene glycol is listed in the Inventory of Cosmetic Ingredients as a solvent, viscosity controller, and fragrance. Most of diethylene glycol's toxicity is caused by ingesting the contaminated product. This study aims to determine the effect of a teratogen caused by diethylene glycol on mice fetuses.

Methods: In this study, 20 mice were used, which were divided into four groups. Diethylene glycol was given with three variations of doses 1662.5, 3325, and 6650 mg/kgBW during the organogenesis period, day 6-15. The effects of teratogens observed were maternal body weight, fetal body weight, and number of fetuses, which were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, as well as morphological and skeletal abnormalities, which were analyzed descriptively.

Results: Based on the results of the study, there was a significant difference in the body weight of the mice given diethylene glycol and the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight and the number of fetuses in the control and treatment groups (p>0.05). On the results of fixation of Bouins' solution, defects in the form of hemorrhage, resorption sites, and slow growth were found. At the same time, the results of the fixation of alizarin red solution found defects in the sternal, nasal, caudal, metacarpal, metatarsal, and phalanges bones.

Conclusion: The conclusion based on the research is that diethylene glycol has the potential to provide teratogenic effects on mouse fetuses.
PURIFIED GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR (HUNTER) ROXB.) ATTENUATE RENAL FUNCTION IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC MALE RATS
Authors: RACHMAINI FITRI , ARMENIA  , ABDILLAH RAHMAD
Published: February 2024

Objective: Diabetes and its vascular complications could prevent by antioxidants. Purified gambir is the purified extract of Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb, which contains more than 90% catechins and scientifically work as antioxidant. This study aimed to determine the effect of purified gambir on renal function in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar Kyoto rats.

Methods: Diabetic rats were induced by alloxan 125 mg/kgBW by intraperitoneal injection. Forty-five diabetic rats were divided into five groups, diabetic control group treated with vehicle, a positive control group treated with glibenclamide at dose 0.45 mg/kgBW, and treatment groups of purified gambir at doses of 2.50, 5, and 10 mg/kgBW for 14 d. Blood glucose, water intake, urine volume, creatinine clearance, renal ratio, and urine density were measured on day 3, 7, and 14. All data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test.

Results: Purified gambir significantly lower blood glucose (p<0.05) and had a significant effect (p<0.05) on renal function parameters in diabetic rats. Duration of treatment purified gambir in diabetic rats had a significant effect (p<0.05) on water intake, urine volume, creatinine clearance and renal ratio.

Conclusion: This result show that purified gambir at dose 2.5 mg/kgBW increased the renal function of diabetic rats, in contrast, purified gambir at dose 5 and 10 mg/kgBW attenuate renal function of diabetic rats
Multivariate Examination of Metabolic Contributions to Beef Longissimus Lumborum Flavor
Authors: King D. Andy , Miller Rhonda K. , McKeith Russell O. , Grayson Adria L. , Shackelford Steven D. , Gehring Kerri B. , Savell Jeffrey W. , Wheeler Tommy L.
Published: February 2024

We examined the impact of muscle metabolic capacity on beef longissimus lumborum flavor. Beef carcasses were selected to have normal or dark cutting lean color (n=160, each) and aged until 13 d postmortem. Muscle pH, glycolytic potential, mitochondrial DNA copy number, instrumental lean color, myoglobin concentration, carbonyls on sarcoplasmic proteins, initial metmyoglobin formation, bloom, proximate composition, slice shear force, sarcomere length, desmin degradation, overall tenderness, juiciness, and flavor profile were determined. Carcasses were clustered based on metabolic characteristics into dark cutting classes (Control, Shady, Moderate, and Severe), which were compared using analysis of variance and multiple factor analysis. Clusters were in general, but not complete, agreement with classifications based on muscle pH. Multiple factor analysis produced 2 dimensions that explained 30.8% and 13.8% of the variation, respectively. Dimension 1 had strong negative loadings for muscle pH and strong positive loadings for glycolytic potential, L*, a*, b*, initial metmyoglobin formation, and bloom. Ratings for fat-like, overall sweet, sweet, and musty/earthy/humus had relatively weak positive loadings for dimension 1, whereas salt, sour, and metallic ratings had weak negative loadings for dimension 1. Overall tenderness and juiciness ratings, marbling score, intramuscular lipid content, carbonyls on sarcoplasmic proteins, and L* had positive loadings for dimension 2. Ratings for fat-like, beef flavor identity, and brown/roasted had positive loadings for dimension 2, and intramuscular moisture content, slice shear force, and mitochondrial copy number had negative loadings. Sample scores stratified dark cutting clusters along dimension 1, which agreed with univariate comparisons for these traits. Sample scores for dimension 2 were greater for Moderate and Control steaks than for Shady steaks. These data indicate that clustering was effective in segmenting them into groupings more indicative of the metabolic machinery than pH alone. Moreover, the semetabolic differences influenced animal variation in beef flavor profile.
DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN LEARNING
Authors: Zakrizevska-Belogrudova Maija , Krumins Eduards
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the topic is determined by the rapid development of global events, the continuing upcoming challenges that affect the working environment and the development of the labour market and the need for managers to cope with new and unprecedented challenges. The learning context is also developing, introducing new opportunities, and learning methods that complement each other.The level of competence was assessed by the respondents for eight of their competences, selected according to the Great Eight Competence Model, which is one of the current perspectives on how to capture the competences required of a manager.Aim of the study: To explore the learning methods chosen by managers in developing competencies, and to make suggestions for managers and organizations to design a competency development process that is relevant to the current learning context. A total of 114 managers participated in the study.Main conclusions: managers highly evaluate their level of development of their competences, but they see a place for growth and further development for all competencies. Managers more often use passive learning methods, which they evaluate lower in terms of effectiveness than active methods that are based on their own experience. There are no significant differences between different level managers and the duration of their experience. There is a difference between the capacity to develop competencies in organizations. The lowest capacity to develop competencies is in the public sector organizations.
Truenat: Can it be A Game Changer in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis?
Authors: Sharma Deepali , Khatter Sonia , Singhal Sanjay
Published: February 2024

Tuberculosis is a leading health problem worldwide, with India accounting for the majority of cases. Owing to the diverse clinical presentation and paucibacillary nature of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, it is tough to diagnosis by routine microbiological methods. Newer chip/cartridge based nucleic amplification tests (NAATs) like Truenat and Xpert have proved to be game changer in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. However, role of Truenat in extrapulmonary tuberculosis is still to be evaluated. This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic yield of truant in various extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The study was conducted during 01 June 2021 to 31 July 2022. Of the total 1481 samples received during study, 761 (52%) were extrapulmonary samples. The highest yield of 36% was found in pus aspirate, followed by a 12% yield in pleural fluid. Overall yield of 12% in various extrapulmonary samples is encouraging. Further studies are required for evaluating Truenat role in rapid diagnosis of EPTB and rifampicin resistance detection for better patient care.
Comparative study of the chemical composition of the essential oils of the aerial part of Acanthospermum hispidium D.C. 1836 collected in three towns in Ivory Coast
Authors: TIMOTOU Adéyolé , OUATTARA Logopho Hyacinthe , KAMBIRE Didjour Albert , SISSOUMA Moussa , ZON Doumadé , KABLAN Ahmont Landry Claude , BOTI Jean Brice
Published: February 2024

This research work concerns the comparative study of the chemical composition of essential oils from the aerial part of the Acanthospermum hispidium plant collected in three towns in Côte d'Ivoire. The aim of this study is to enhance the value of aromatic and medicinal plants through the chemical analysis of essential oils (EO). The essential oils extracted using a Clevenger-type apparatus were analysed using several analytical methods, including Ir-GPC, MS-GPC and 13C-NMR. The results indicate that the essential oils of Acanthospermum hispidium are largely dominated by hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (69.2 to 72.9%). The majority compounds identified are (E)-β-caryophyllene (33.3 to 34.9%), α-bisabolol (6.5 to 9.9%), bicyclogermacrene (6, 3 to 9.5%), germacrene D (7.3 to 8.4%), α-pinene (4.6 to 7.9%), β-lemene (3.7 to 4.3%) and α-copaene (2.5 to 3.2%). The co-presence of these compounds with multiple pharmacological properties could justify the use of A. hispidium in traditional medicine in the treatment of various pathologies.

Keywords: Acanthospermum hispidium, chemical composition, essential oil, Ivory Coast.
Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of Praecitrullus fistulosus fruits
Authors: Senger Shivani Singh , Singh Anjali , Jha Megha , Jain Deepak Kumar
Published: February 2024

Diabetes mellitus [antihyperglycemic] is the endocrine metabolic disorder characterized by raised glucose level in the sanguine liquid of body i.e. blood serum due to disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism. In Diabetes mellitus extent of glucose is maintained by well know endocrine pancreatic secreted hormone fuel called insulin which help in metabolizing the glucose level by muscular utilization and other organ pathological activity. When the levels of insulin fall below the body desire it can to hyperglycemic condition. Antihyperglycemic therapeutic plant has an ability to restore abnormal pancreatic condition by increase of insulin, enhancement of body carbohydrate utilization. There are more than 400 reported plant species used an antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic. Praecitrullus fistulosus is reported to contain polyphenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin, phytosterol, diterpines, thiamin, and carotene that possess antidiabetic, antioxidative and anthelmintic activity. On investigation and understanding the cause of diabetes mellitus, had opened the large view for the treatment. Phytomedicine has considerably taken the prominent position for the treatment of many metabolic disorders. Biochemical studies concluded that Praecitrullus fistulosus  extract shows alteration in blood glucose level and also Praecitrullus fistulosus improved the lipid profile and showed positive aspect on different parameter in diabetic control rats and it was noted that Praecitrullus fistulosus drug extract was effective and helped in controlling the BG level in Albino Wistar Rat Praecitrullus fistulosus is reported to contain polyphenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin, Phytosterol, diterpines, thiamin, and carotene that possess antidiabetic, antioxidative properties. The aim of research is to evaluate and investigate the anti-hyperglycemic activity of Praecitrullus fistulosus fruit extract on Streptozotocin (STZ)-Nicotinamide induced diabetic rat.

Keywords:  Antihyperglycemic, Praecitrullus fistulosus, Phytochemicals, Phytomedicine
Comprehensive Investigation of Juniperus virginiana Essential Oil: GC/MS Analysis, Thermoanalytical Characterization, and Evaluation of Bioactive Potential
Authors: Jha Vikas , Kapadia Prakruti , Bhosale Anjali , Rumani Simeen , Patel Reetikesh , Marick Arpita , Mange Anjali , Nalawade Kavita , Hirkani Habil , Gohil Simran , Kode Ira
Published: February 2024

Due to the ever-increasing unregulated antibiotic use, there have been increased risks of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Natural agents, their products, and derivatives have been used for centuries to cure a variety of ailments. In the present study, an attempt was made to explore the physiochemical properties of the CEO. GC-MS analysis was used to identify the volatile components present in the oil. Additionally, TGA and DSC analysis were carried out to understand the thermal properties of the oil.  The oil was characterized by higher amounts of terpenoids. The essential oil has potent anticancer, cytotoxic, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory activity. This study concludes that the Juniperus virginiana essential oil could be used as a therapeutic agent.

Keywords: Anticancer, Antioxidant, Cedarwood, Cytotoxicity, Essential oil
Phytochemicals properties and antimicrobial activities of Carica papaya and Balanites aegyptiaca’ seeds aqueous infusion and decoction extracts
Authors: OUEDRAOGO Assétou , NIKIEMA Philippe Augustin , NIKIEMA Marguerite Edith Malatala , YAMEOGO Josias Gérard , SOURABIE Bernadette Pane , BASSAVE Belinda Ramata Hafouo , NIKIEMA Oueogo , GOUMBRI Florent Wendinmi Bertrand , BARRO Nicolas
Published: February 2024

Carica papaya and Balanites aegyptiaca seeds extract have several uses, from food to traditional medicine. This study aims to determine their phytochemicals compound and appreciate their antimicrobial properties against clinical strains. Polyphenolic content was determined with standard methods while DPPH radical scavenging activity is used to appreciate the antioxidant properties, using ascorbic acid as standard. Antimicrobial activities were performed according to the inhibition diameters, using agar diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations and Minimum fungicidal concentrations were established based on broth dilution methods. The extraction yield is ranged between 6.3 and 20.3%. The results shown polyphenolic content varying from 1256.13±21.09 to 2315.81±53.52 µg GAE/100 mL for Carica papaya and from 303.98±0.93 to 948.06±3.23 µg GAE/100 mL for Balanites aegyptiaca while the antioxidant activity is ranged between 31.76±2.35 and 58.47±4.24 µg AEAC/100 mL for Carica papaya and from 29.80±0.32 to 78.44±2.81 µg AEAC/100 mL for Balanites aegyptiaca. Infusion’s extracts always have the highest values of polyphenols content and antioxidant activity than decoction extracts, be it papaya or balanites seeds. Neitheir flavonoids content nor antibacterial activity was found. The inhibition diameter varies from 14.5±0.5 to 40.5±0.5 mm for papaya seeds extracts and from 16.5±0.5 to 21.0±0.5 mm for balanites seeds extracts without a significative effect of mixture for both extracts. MICs vary from 11.71±0.1 to 75.0±0.0 mg. mL-1 for Carica papaya seeds extracts with 11.72±0.2 to 37.30±0.2 mg. mL-1 and 18.74±0.1 to 100±0.0 mg.mL-1 for Balanites aegyptiaca. Mixture extracts presented intermediaire values. Decoction extracts have lowest MICs values and infusion reveals itself to be the sweetable aqueous extraction techniques but the appropriate infusion time need to be highlight.

Keywords: Carica papaya, Balanites aegyptiaca, Seeds extracts, Phytochemical, antifungal
Anti-hyperglycemic effect of two terpenoids isolated from Coula edulis on normoglycemic rats and in silico study of their potential inhibitors on α-amylase and dipeptidylpeptidase 4
Authors: Kepawou Manuela Guaelle , Ambamba Akamba Bruno Dupon , Kamdem Michael Hermann Kengne , Piebeng Cicilien Quentin Nongni , Chimeze Valery Wilfried Nguemdjo , Ebouel Ferdinand Lanvin Edoun , Mmutlane Edwin Mpho , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Mbazoa Céline Djama , Ngondi Judith Laure , Wandji Jean
Published: February 2024

Diabetes causes many deaths around the world, making the search for treatments a real challenge. Plant secondary metabolites are promising candidates because they act as scaffolds in biological processes. This study investigates anti-hyperglycaemic effect of two terpenoids isolated from Coula edulis and in silico study of their potential inhibitors on α-amylase and dipeptidypeptidase 4. After extraction and isolation of the two terpenoids, their structures were characterized using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently the anti-hyperglycemic effect was achieved following an overload of starch on the one hand and glucose on the other hand in normoglycemic rats. Each isolated terpenoids was tested at a dose of 3 mg/kg.bw, the same for the reference compounds (Acarbose and glibenclamide). Conformational site analysis and docking parameters such as binding energy, inhibition constant, interaction profiles with diabetes target residues (α-amylase and dipeptidypeptidase 4) were determined using AutoDock 4.2 and Discovery Studio visualizer. The results showed that the terpenoids isolated from coula edulis were Taraxerol and 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol, each of its two terpenoids considerably decreased the blood sugar levels in rats after overloading of starch and glucose solutions respectively. Their effects were similar to the reference drugs. Furthermore, the in-silico approach showed that these compounds have good docking scores with α-amylase and with DPP4. Taraxerol exhibited a docking score more than three times than the acarbose docking score. Only 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol reacts with at least one amino acid of the α-amylase catalytic triad (Asp 300). Both interact with histidine (His 740) of the DPP4 catalytic triad. In view of this results, taraxerol and 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol have anti-hyperglycemic effects and are good candidates for the development of new multitarget antidiabetics.

Keywords: Coula edulis, RMN 1D and 2D, tarxerol, 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol and Anti-hyperglycemia