bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediating roles of character traits and parenting in the relationship between maternal effortful control and children’s conduct problems
Authors: Yeshua Maor , Zohar Ada H. , Berger Andrea
Published: April 2023

Background

Parenting practices are crucial to children’s development and are important predictors of children’s conduct problems. The aim of the current study was to test the mediating role of mothers’ character traits on the relationship between their temperamental self-regulation and their parenting practices, and on their children’s conduct problems.

Method

A representative sample of 387 Israeli mothers of kindergarten children was recruited online. They completed questionnaires about their own effortful control (adult temperament questionnaire; ATQ), character traits (temperament and character inventory-revised (TCI-R), big five inventory (BFI)), and parenting practices (coping with children’s negative emotions scale; CCNES), as well as conduct problems of their children (strengths and difficulties questionnaire; SDQ). Structural equation models were fitted, testing for direct and indirect connections, once with character traits drawn from the TCI and once with BFI traits.

Results

In both analyses, the first model presented a significant direct effect between mothers’ effortful control and children’s conduct problems. When including mother’s parenting and character (based on the TCI or on the BFI) in the model, the direct path became insignificant and significant mediation effects were found; specifically, the indirect path through the parenting practices, as well as the mediated mediation path through the parenting practices and character. Moreover, mediation effects were found between mothers’ effortful control and parenting practices through some character traits. The selected models showed a good fit (e.g., NFI = 0.985; CFI = 0.997; RMSEA = 0.038).

Discussion

Our findings emphasize the importance of the mother’s mature personality characteristics, the mother’s actual parental practices, and the crucial value of this path for predicting child behavior outcomes.
De moteles y caracoles : construcción de la ciudad desde el mito del interior
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Arteaga José Manuel
Published: April 2023

La metrópolis ha sido un receptáculo de fantasías y mitos generados en sus interiores; representaciones de una imagen de aquello que podría ser, por sobre lo que es. Los deseos y coreografías desenvuelven rutinas en la ciudad, reconociéndose en los rituales interiores los códigos representativos de anhelos comunes. Dentro de la construcción de lo público, espacios alimentados por un mito propio se erigen en la trama urbana, adoptando formas concretas y permitiendo percibir la ciudad de una manera extra-ordinaria. Aquellos interiores nutridos por un sustrato fantástico promueven la elaboración común que imagina una ciudad otra. El Motel, como interfaz donde se materializan fantasías, se establece como edificación contenedora del mito que lo constituye como tal: una posibilidad de escape de lo cotidiano. Es un lugar para la intimidad, alimentado por el anhelo de lo oculto y del encuentro efímero; la ilusión de lo íntimo y del anonimato convergen aquí como síntomas metropolitanos. El Caracol Comercial, por otro lado, manifiesta una configuración que permitiría comprenderlo como otra pieza que comparte la construcción de un mundo propio interior. Esta tipología anómala, concebida como un espacio para el consumo, invita a la ciudad a integrarse en el recorrido, el programa y la actividad comercial, manteniendo intacta su condición de interior urbano. El ingreso de la vereda en una circulación única o la exposición constante se asientan como parte de un microcosmos en donde colapsan diversas ideologías, comercios y públicos. En Santiago, tanto el Motel como el Caracol Comercial pueden entenderse como interiores que envuelven una mitología representada en fantasías íntimas y colectivas, motivando la especulación de una ciudad distinta. Los actos que se ven involucrados aquí funcionan como catalizadores de estas interpretaciones, posibilitando la actualización de los códigos y formas de habitar la ciudad. La alternativa sugiere entonces un diálogo tipológico; una sinergia entre los mitos y las acciones que se desenvuelven en la ciudad contemporánea, cimentando finalmente la especulación proyectual: la actualización tipológica del Dos Caracoles de Providencia
Evaluation of Correlation between Cognitive Impairment and Tooth Loss- Research Protocol
Authors: Gorripati Jahnavi Purna , Godbole Surekha Dubey
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cognitive impairment has been linked with aging, neurobiological, psychological, and social factors. Studies have generally quoted “that older adults usually present with some form of cognitive impairment. Mild cognitive impairment is a state representing the intermediate phase between normal aging dementia and is also termed predementia syndrome. Recent evidence also shows correlation between teeth loss and Alzheimer’s disease, which can cause cognitive impairment. Need of the Study: As there is very little research in the literature regarding the correlation of cognitive impairment with loss of teeth in dentistry, there is a need to check and evaluate the correlation. Thus, this study will assess the correlation between cognitive impairment and tooth loss using a MMSE. Aim: To evaluate the correlation between cognitive impairment and tooth loss using a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Materials and Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional observational study that will be conducted at Sharad Pawar dental college and the hospital. Following approval of the Ethical institutional Committee (IEC) and Ethical Approval No: DMIMS (DU)/IEC/2022/779. All the 300 participants between 30-60 years of age who visited the OPD of the Department of prosthodontics, will be included in the study. The inclusion criteria for this study are patients aged between 30-60 years with number tooth loss 2-4, 6-8, partially edentulous, and completely edentulous. Participants suffering from neurological disorders that may lead to cognitive impairments will be excluded from the study. Descriptive statistics will be performed for frequency percentage. Association will be tested using chi-square analysis to find the significance p-value.
The Impact of Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) Fortification and Frozen Storage Conditions on the Chemical Composition of Tuna (Thunnus albacare) Sandwich
Authors: Syamsuar  , Ghaffar Mukhlisa A. , Erna
Published: April 2023

Tuna is an Indonesian fishery product that is one of the country's primary foreign exchange producers. This research aimed to determine the optimal addition of Eucheuma cattonii seaweed and duration of storage at -18oC. (2) The second factor is storage duration at -18oC, with three levels: B1: 0 days (control), B2: 10 days, and B3: 20 days. In the proximate test, the water content, protein content, and lipid content were observed. The analysis of data was performed using SPSS version 12. The addition of 20% seaweed with a 20-day storage period yielded the lowest water content, as determined by the results. The maximum water content was found in the 10% seaweed addition treatment. The addition of 30% seaweed and storage for 20 days resulted in the lowest protein content, while the addition of 10% seaweed and storage for 0 days resulted in the highest protein content. The average fat content ranged from 0.7% to 1.14 %, indicating that the maximum fat content of the sandwich product was obtained by storing it at -18°C for 20 days with 10% seaweed. While the treatment of 30% seaweed with extended storage at -18°C or the control had the lowest fat content. The results of the analysis of the effect of adding seaweed and storage time at -18°C on tuna sandwiches indicate that the combination of treatment with the addition of 30% seaweed and storage at -18°C for 20 days can maintain the nutritional value of sandwich products. The tuna sticks with the greatest score on the proximity test.
Screening of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. and Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (Fabaceae) Minerals on Biochemical Parameters of Oryctolagus cuniculus as Antivenom
Authors: Okou Obou Constantin , Akré Djako Sosthène Thierry , Koffi Allali Eugène , Hamed Djané , Djaman Allico Joseph
Published: April 2023

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antivenom action of minerals from two plants on the biochemical parameters of rabbits.

Methodology: For its realization, thirty-six (36) rabbits including nineteen (19) males and seventeen (17) females were divided into three portions (E1, E2 and E3). In each portion, there are different batches with three rabbits per batch. So, for E1, each rabbit of the control lot and those of the experimental lot were collected separately in the red tubes (dry tubes). However, those from the experimental batch were injected 20-30 minutes after the injection of Naja nigricollis venom. For E2, each rabbit in a given experimental batch was first scarified with a specific potion initially prepared and then separately harvested the following day. Then, each animal was separately envenomed and then separately sampled. In E3, the same procedure of E2 was observed with the only difference that this time, each animal of a given experimental lot was first separately envenomed and then scarified with a precise potion previously prepared and subsequently collected three days later. All the blood samples taken in the various red tubes were transported in a cooler for the determination of biochemical parameters.

Results: The venom has a dose-dependent action on the red blood cells in vitro, whereas the in vivo tests highlighted in a general way, the stabilizing and preventive action of the minerals from the potion P2 (Mucuna pruriens), P3 (Pongamia pinnata), P4, P5 and P6, and the curative action of P1 and P3 (Pongamia pinnata) on some biochemical parameters. Indeed, their action was manifested by the survival of some envenomed animals with a greater activity for P3.

Conclusion: For the development of an antivenom, it would be advisable to use more Pongamia pinnata because of its effectiveness both preventively and curatively.
On Optimal Channel Capacity Theorems via Verma Information Measure with Two-sided Input in Noisy State
Authors: Verma Rohit Kumar
Published: April 2023

The capacity for which the value  or  is its lower bound is referred to as the optimal channel capacity. Through this communication, we attempt to study the additive Gaussian interference  that arises from the Gaussian channel's two-sided state information, which is non-causally known at both the transmitter and receiver and reliant on the channel's noise  and input . Verma entropy    maximized using normal distribution is noted by the author. He contrasts Verma's channel capacity with Shannon's channel capacity during this investigation, which has implications for communication technology.
Block Chain and Cryptography based Secure Communication System
Authors: Kumar Kokkonda Shiva , Shaik Subhani , Vullam Naga Gopi Raju
Published: April 2023

The block chain is a cutting-edge technology that reduces risks by allowing vital tasks to be decentralized procedure, while retaining a high level of security. It eliminates the dependable intermediaries from the network. The block chain technology, which records all previous transactions, these accessible to all network nodes. The goal of our paper is to create a block chain-based secure communication system. We also explain about why block chain would improve communication security? It also proposes a model design for block chain-based messaging    that focuses on training the performance. Security of data recorded on the block chain, using a smart contract to identities and their associated public keys, as well as validating the user’s certificate.
The Effect of Phosphorus and Molybdenum on Growth and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Authors: Vaishnavi Nagarigari , Debbarma Victor , L Kavya
Published: April 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid season (March to June; Summer season crop) of 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India to determine the “The effect of phosphorus and molybdenum on the growth and yield of summer Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”. The results showed that the treatment 9 [Phosphorus (50 kg/ha) + Molybdenum (2 kg/ha)] recorded significantly higher plant height (73.43 cm), higher number of nodules per plant (17.66), higher plant dry weight (23.07 g/plant), higher crop growth rate(18.87g/m2/day) maximum number of pods per plant (15.10), maximum number of seeds per pod (14.67), higher seed index (16.03 g), higher seed yield (1550.27 kg/ha) and   higher stover yield (1615.50 kg/ha) and higher harvest index (49.05%) was recorded in  treatment 8 [Phosphorus (50kg/ha) + Molybdenum (1.5kg/ha)]. Similarly, maximum gross return (94954.8 INR/ha), higher net return (65670.3 INR/ha) and highest Benefit Cost ratio (2.24) was also     recorded in treatment 9 [Phosphorus (50kg/ha) + Molybdenum (2kg/ha)] as compared to other treatments.
Impact of Sulphur and Boron Levels on Growth, Yield, and Economics of Summer Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Raj V. S. Aravind , Debbarma Victor , Nikhitha K.
Published: April 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P). To determine the “Impact of sulphur and boron levels on growth, yield, and economics of summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.)”. To study treatments consisting of three Sulphur viz. 5, 10 and 15 kg/ha and three levels of Boron 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%.  There were 10 treatments, each of which was replicated three times and laid out in a random block design. The results showed that treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm), number of branches/plants (8.80), plant dry weight (7.38 g), number of nodules/plant (7.40). Where as, maximum number of pods/plant (29.4), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.33), higher seed yield (1.21 t/ha), higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]. Similarly, maximum gross returns (82,022.00 INR/ha), higher net returns (53,522.30 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (1.88) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)] as compared to other treatments.
Burden of Drug Resistance in vivax Malaria in India - A Brief Update
Authors: Stanley Pheba , Rajkumari Nonika
Published: April 2023

India contributes significantly to the global Plasmodium vivax burden. Treatment of malaria is more challenging than before owing to the rise of antimalarial drug resistance. The commonly used antimalarial drugs for treatment are chloroquine, antifolates like sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and artemisinin-based derivatives. Antimalarial resistance is studied by in vitro and in vivo methods. Study on mutations in the drug targets in the parasite is a widely used tool to help foresee likely resistance and relate to the clinical picture. The majority of studies on antimalarial resistance from the Southeast Asian region come from countries like Thailand and Myanmar. Though therapeutic failure with these antimalarial agents has not been reported in India, there have been reports of reduced clinical efficacy in the presence of mutations in their molecular targets.
Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Shafeek Zeinab , Sawy Abdullah El , Kabbash Ibrahim , Ahwal Loai El , Ayad Nasrat
Published: April 2023

Background: Overt hypothyroidism is associated with Insulin resistance (IR), accelerated arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although SCH (SCH) is also associated with CVD risk remains controversial.

Objective: The present research aimed to assess risk factors for CVD and IR in SCH cases.

Methods: Case control study was carried out on 90 participants. The research included two groups; group one included 45 SCH cases and group two (controls) included 45 healthy volunteers. We assessed common lipid variables, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA IR, thyroid profile for all participants.

Results: There was highly significant rise in anthropometric measures including body weight, BMI and waist circumference in SCH than controls (P value = <0.001). There was significant rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) in SCH than controls (P value = <0.001, 0.001). There was significant rise in triglyceride level, total cholesterol and LDL-C in SCH in comparison to controls (P value = 0.019, <0.001, <0.001) and significant decline in HDL-C in SCH in comparison to controls (P value = 0.011). There was significant positive correlation between TSH level and anthropometric measures, BP, indices of IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C, but significant negative correlation with HDL-C.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SCH might increase the risk for CVD which explain the needs for early detection and treatment of such individuals.
A Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Programmed Instruction and Lecture Method on Cognitive Domain of Extension Functionaries
Authors: Manjula N. , Nagaraja N. , Chandregowda M. J. , Reddy M. V. Srinivasa
Published: April 2023

Programmed Instruction (PI) is a self-instructional technique in which learners are presented with new subject matter in a graded sequence of controlled steps. The learners work through the PI at their own pace, and after each step, they test their knowledge by answering a question, and they can identify the right answer immediately. To compare the effectiveness of Programmed Instruction (PI) and Lecture methods in bringing desirable changes in the cognitive domain of extension functionaries on the subject, ‘Climate change, its impact, mitigation and adaptation strategies in agriculture’, an experimental study was conducted using Solomon four group design: before-after with three controls considering 240 respondents. The mean cognitive domain scores of PI and lecture method of instruction was worked out. The results of t test revealed that there was a significant difference between effectiveness of PI and lecture methods with respect to acquisition of learning on cognitive domain. The overall cognitive domain effectiveness in PI method (45.17) was significantly higher than the lecture method (32.83). In the areas of sub-domains of the cognitive domain too, the effectiveness scores of PI method of instruction was significantly higher than the lecture method. The study's conclusions suggest that the PI materials can be used most effectively to educate extension functionaries on the new agricultural technologies emerging from time to time. Furthermore, PI can be used to educate literate farmers on new agricultural technologies such as protected cultivation, secondary agriculture, and so on, which will eventually drive them to adopt these technologies.
Influence of GA3 and ZnSO4 on Fruiting, Yield and Quality Parameters of Litchi (Litchi chinensis S.) cv. Dehradun
Authors: Nand Viveka , Dwivedi A. K. , Tripathi V. K.
Published: April 2023

The experiment was carried out at Horticulture Garden, Department of Fruit Science, C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) during two consecutive years 2020 and 2021. Factorial Completely Randomized Design was used with three replications with sixteen treatments viz., four levels each of GA (0, 30, 60 and 90 ppm) and zinc (0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7%) and their combination, spraying of these were done twice i.e., before flowering (07 Feb.) and at pea stage (05 April) during both the years. This study for to assess the impact of GA and Zn to better flowering, decrease fruit cracking, better yield with qualitative fruits of litchi cv. Dehradun. From the results it is reported that the treatment of GA 60 ppm and Zinc 0.7 % improved fruit quality like; fruit count prior to foliar spray at pea stage (40.53 and 40.96), fruit count at pit hardening stage (28.79 and 30.36), fruit count at maturity stage (25.36 and 26.21), fruit count at ripening stage (22.23 and 23.06), yield of marketable fruit (72.62 and 74.74 kg/plant) and also increase nutritional qualities of fruit such as total soluble solids (21.47 and 22.600Brix), total sugars (14.31 and 14.34%), juice content (61.86 and 61.91 %), sugar acid ratio (28.89 and 29.91%), ascorbic acid (40.83 and 42.03mg) per 100g fruit pulp, organoleptic test (84.15 and 85.09) and reduction in number of cracked fruits at harvesting (2.45 and 2.11) with reduced titratable acidity (0.431 and 0.427%). It was concluded that the application of GA and Zinc resulted in to significant improvement in yield and quality of litchi with maximum fruit set and retention as well as yield attributing characters such weight of fruit which ultimately increased the yield per plant and thereby per hectare in both GA 60ppm and Zinc at 0.7% in litchi cv. Dehradun in the plains of northern India.
Techno-Economic Studies of Integration of Solar PV Technology in Telecommunications Sector for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Budiriro
Authors: Mwanza Mabvuto , Mapfumo Kline Tarcisius
Published: April 2023

The telecommunications industry in Zimbabwe keeps growing with an increase in the number of users year by year. The demand on the national grid and low power supply means long hours of electricity outages, which prompts Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to use generators as backup power to keep base stations online for uninterrupted provision of internet to consumers. Generator systems increase the operation expenditure (OPEX) of running base stations, produce GHG emissions and in tern attract an additional cost of emission. This causes an increase in the cost of running the business and consequently internet data prices. A case study was conducted in Budiriro. A framework was developed which analysed six combinations (Grid + Generator, Generator only, Generator + Solar, Solar only, Grid + Solar, and Grid only) of power sources based on sustainability pillars; Economical, Environmental, and Social, as well as Technical. The six alternatives were simulated in HOMER Pro, a system that evaluates designs for both off-grid and grid-connected power systems, to determine the output (power output, investments, costs, and emissions) of these individual systems. Using a sub-criterion of 15 pairwise combinations, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to rank these systems, and the best solution was chosen based on the main criteria of the sustainability pillars. The result shows that Grid + Solar PV system provides the best optimal alternative power system to power base stations for the study area, substituting Grid + Generator systems (Existing system). It reduces OPEX by over 1,000 percent offering 37 percent more power and 41.13 tonnes of GHG emissions avoided per year. Socially, power sharing between households and base stations as well as reduction of air and noise pollution. The optimal alternative power source for the base station proposed here in this study will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and dependence on grid and operation costs which in turn will reduce data prices, increase internet accessibility at affordable rates and provide a sustainable future for telecommunications businesses in Budiriro.
Relationship between Degrees of Nasal Obstruction and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Marlina Lina , Hendrika Wendy , Adinda Marsya
Published: April 2023

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder caused by repeated upper airway obstruction. In OSA patients, 46.5%-58% reported having symptoms of hypersomnolence or excessive daytime sleepiness, and it was the most common symptom. Nasal obstruction is considered a risk factor for sleeping and breathing problems and a common problem in OSA sufferers. Nasal obstruction in the general population can reach 30-40% and is a problem that is often consulted in primary or secondary health services. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the degree of nasal obstruction and OSA in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University, Class of 2018-2020. This study uses an analytic observation method with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples of 74 people was obtained by purposive sampling technique. Respondents who met the criteria were assessed for the degree of nasal obstruction using the NOSE scale questionnaire, while OSA was assessed using the ESS questionnaire, and then the data were analyzed using the Chi-Square Test. The results of the Chi-Square statistical test obtained p value = 0.041. So it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between the degree of nasal obstruction and OSA in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University Class of 2018-2020.
In-Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Arthritis, Anti-inflammatory, Thrombolysis, Anti-bacterial, and in-Vivo Neuropharmacological Activities of Bioactive Metabolites of Solanum americanum Mill.
Authors: Shomudro Hasib Khan , Aboni Anan Mahabub , Jasmeen Tasbira , Sanam Sherejad
Published: April 2023

Aims: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of methanol-prepared leaf extracts from the Solanum americanum Mill. plant on a variety of in vitro activities, including antioxidant, anti-Arthritis, anti-inflammatory, thrombolysis, anti-bacterial, and in-vivo neuropharmacological activities.

Study Design: Methanolic extract of Solanum americanum leaf (MESAL) was primarily evaluated via phytochemical screening. The potential for in vitro activities, including antioxidant, anti-arthritis, anti-inflammatory, thrombolysis, and anti-bacterial activity were determined to study due to the pharmacological interest in the plant's chemical constituent. Whether there is statistical significance to the changes seen in its in vivo neuropharmacological characteristics when tested in experimental animals.

Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out between November 2022 to January 2023 at the Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology in the Department of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh and Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka.

Methodology: The plant was subjected to phytochemical screening utilizing a variety of test reagents and potential antioxidant, anti-arthritis, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, anti-bacterial, and neuropharmacological activities of MESAL were investigated.  Antioxidant, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, and antibacterial activities were tested at different doses utilizing the DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Assay, Protein Denaturation Assays, Clot Lysis, and the Disk Diffusion Method. Swiss albino mice were tested using open-field and hole-cross methods to measure their locomotion as part of the neuropharmacological study.

Results: The MESAL phytochemical screening findings demonstrated that the plants' chemical compositions varied. Most antioxidant activities were found in MESA, with an IC50 of 11.73 µg/mL compared to Ascorbic acid's IC50 of 28.86 µg/mL. When compared to the standard, the percent inhibition value of MESAL's anti-arthritis activity was significantly higher. With a maximum protein denaturation value of 94.03% at a concentration of 1000µg/mL, MESAL possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity. The value of MESAL in terms of clot lysis is very significant which is 90.257%. While MESAL's antibacterial value is moderate, it is still worth considering. However, the extract was proven to be less effective than Diazepam in improving motor coordination in the Open Field and Hole Cross Tests.

Conclusion: Several pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, may benefit in the future from the use of plant-derived pharmacological agents due to their neuropharmacological, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic activity, which can replace the use of NSAIDs.
Caracterização e Análise de Pedido de Registro de Marca de uma Iniciativa Constituída nas Redes Sociais
Authors: Abreu Wendel Fialho de , Silva Fabio Pacheco Estumano da , Barbas Luis André Luz
Published: April 2023

No Brasil, apesar de as marcas serem a modalidade de propriedade industrial mais utilizada, o percentual de insucesso dos pedidos de registro é expressivo. Este estudo visa a proporcionar maior familiaridade sobre a formalização de pedidos no órgão competente, o INPI, e desmistificar questões sobre o processo marcário a partir do estudo de caso do @somoauditores, iniciativa constituída nas redes sociais. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem descritiva, qualitativa e aplicada para caracterizar e analisar os principais passos até o protocolo do pedido, no intuito de reforçar orientações e esclarecimentos essenciais, de evidenciar dificuldades e de compartilhar aprendizados. Em conclusão, constatou-se que o processo marcário é longo, pode ser dispendioso e complexo face o conhecimento necessário, mas pode ser feito sem necessidade de intermediário, sendo primordial estudar, entender e consultar constantemente a legislação e as orientações e regulamentos expedidos pelo INPI e acompanhar o trâmite de forma apropriada após o depósito do pedido.
Aproveitamento da Biomassa Lignocelulósica para Produção de Metil levulinato: mapeamento tecnológico de patentes
Authors: Silva Leonete Cristina de Araújo Ferreira Medeiros , Silva Poliana Pinheiro da , Barros Neto Eduardo Lins de
Published: April 2023

O Metil levulinato (ML) trata-se de um éster do Ácido levulínico (AL) que entrou na agenda econômica mundial devido ao seu potencial como combustível e aditivo para biocombustíveis. O presente estudo teve como objetivo mapear as patentes que abordam a tecnologia da valorização da biomassa lignocelulósica para produção do éster levulínico. O trabalho foi realizado por meio de consultas na base de dados nacional, o INPI, e em bases internacionais como DII, OMPI, Espacenet e Google Patents, no período de 1990 a junho de 2022. Desde 2005, ocorrem publicações anuais, com enfoque na área da química (catálise e desenvolvimento de compostos heterocíclicos, acíclicos ou carboxílicos) e redução da emissão de gases do efeito estufa. As perspectivas futuras indicam o interesse dessa tecnologia para a indústria. Os desafios tecnológicos da síntese do ML estão voltados para as condições suaves de reação, catalisadores híbridos e novas rotas. Já para seu uso como precursor, destacam-se a produção de plastificantes, de resinas e de gama-Valerolactona.
Diagnóstico Sobre a Propriedade Intelectual Aplicada ao Agronegócio das Ostras na Região de Florianópolis – Santa Catarina
Authors: Ferreira Juliana Duarte , Coletto Alan Airton , Franco Rosangela , Santil Roberto da Silva
Published: April 2023

Entre os atos necessários para o desenvolvimento de negócios, encontra-se a óptica que analisa os ativos de Propriedade Intelectual possíveis de serem aplicados na produção. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um diagnóstico sobre a Propriedade Intelectual aplicada à ostreicultura na região de Florianópolis, SC. Metodologicamente, realizou-se uma pesquisa aplicada, exploratória e qualitativa sobre o mercado de ostras na região. O procedimento partiu da análise teórica sobre a Propriedade Intelectual aplicada à ostreicultura regional e de um estudo de caso sobre uma empresa local. Verificou-se que, por atuar ainda de forma artesanal, apenas a Indicação Geográfica é utilizada. As demais proteções de Propriedade Intelectual (como patentes) acabam não figurando e outras (como marcas) compõem a linha de mercado, normalmente, a partir do armazenamento e da logística até o consumidor final, demonstrando que a Propriedade Intelectual é um aspecto com potencial a ser explorado no mercado de ostras dessa região.
Structural determination of two N‐linked glycans isolated from recombinant human lactoferrin expressed in BHK cells
Authors: Legrand Dominique , Salmon Valérie , Coddeville Bernadette , Benaissa Monique , Plancke Yves , Spik Geneviéve
Published: July 2002

A full‐length cDNA coding for human lactoferrin was isolated from a mammary gland library and the recombinant protein was expressed in BHK cells as described by Stowell K.M. et al. [1991, Biochem. J. 276, 349–355]. Two N‐linked glycans from purified recombinant lactoferrin were released by hydrazinolysis and analyzed by 400‐MHz 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. The identified structures corresponded to N‐acetyllactosaminic biantennary glycans and were α‐2,3‐disialylated forms (80%) or α‐2,3‐monosialylated (20%) forms. Moreover, 70% of total glycans were α‐1,6‐fucosylated at the GlcNAc residue linked to asparagine. In regard to its glycan moiety, the recombinant glycoprotein is close to native lactoferrins from milk or leucocytes but shows specific structural features which should be taken into account prior to in vivo and in vitro biological studies.
Functional expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa GDP‐4‐keto‐6‐deoxy‐d‐mannose reductase which synthesizes GDP‐rhamnose
Authors: Mäki Minna , Järvinen Nina , Räbinä Jarkko , Roos Christophe , Maaheimo Hannu ,   Pirkko,   Mattila, Renkonen Risto
Published: July 2002

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram‐negative bacterium that causes severe infections in a number of hosts from plants to mammals. A‐band lipopolysaccharide of P. aeruginosa contains d‐rhamnosylated O‐antigen. The synthesis of GDP‐d‐rhamnose, the d‐rhamnose donor in d‐rhamnosylation, starts from GDP‐d‐mannose. It is first converted by the GDP‐mannose‐4,6‐dehydratase (GMD) into GDP‐4‐keto‐6‐deoxy‐d‐mannose, and then reduced to GDP‐d‐rhamnose by GDP‐4‐keto‐6‐deoxy‐d‐mannose reductase (RMD). Here, we describe the enzymatic characterization of P. aeruginosa RMD expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previous success in functional expression of bacterial gmd genes in S. cerevisiae allowed us to convert GDP‐d‐mannose into GDP‐4‐keto‐6‐deoxy‐d‐mannose. Thus, coexpression of the Helicobacter pylori gmd and P. aeruginosa rmd genes resulted in conversion of the 4‐keto‐6‐deoxy intermediate into GDP‐deoxyhexose. This synthesized GDP‐deoxyhexose was confirmed to be GDP‐rhamnose by HPLC, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight MS, and finally NMR spectroscopy. The functional expression of P. aeruginosa RMD in S. cerevisiae will provide a tool for generating GDP‐rhamnose for in vitro rhamnosylation of glycoprotein and glycopeptides.
Architectural remodelling in acute and chronic interstitial lung disease: fibrosis or fibroelastosis?
Authors: Negri E M , Montes G S , Saldiva P H N , Capelozzi V L
Published: July 2002

Aims

: Pulmonary fibrosis in acute and chronic lung disease has been much investigated, but little attention has been directed at the elastic tissue in these situations. Our aim was to verify whether elastic deposition accompanies collagen deposition in the repairing process of acute and chronic lung injury.

Methods and results

: We measured, by image analysis, the content of fibres of the collagenous and elastic systems of the alveolar septum in histological slides sampled from autopsied lungs, using the picrosirius‐polarization method and Weigert's resorcin‐fuchsin stain, respectively. Five groups were studied: I, 10 normal patients; II, 10 patients with cardiogenic pulmonary oedema; III, 23 adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients in the early phase; IV, 14 ARDS patients in the late fibroproliferative phase; and V, 10 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. The first two groups were used as controls. The content of fibres of the collagenous and elastic systems was significantly increased in groups IV and V as compared to the other groups.

Conclusions

: Our results indicate that deposition of elastic system fibres is present in the fibroproliferative phase of ARDS and in usual interstitial pneumonia and suggest that this event may contribute to the alveolar mechanical dysfunction and remodelling that occur in acute and chronic interstitial lung disease.
Sm2+-doped silicate glasses prepared by a sol-gel process
Authors: Nogami M. , Abe Y.
Published: July 2002

Silicate glasses, Al2O3⋅9SiO2, were successfully prepared to incorporate Sm2+ ions using a sol-gel process. The glasses synthesized through hydrolysis of Si(OC2H5)4, Al(OC4H9)3, and SmCl3⋅6H2O were heated in air, followed by heating in the presence of hydrogen, in which samarium ions were reduced from the trivalent to divalent state. Glasses incorporated with Sm2+ were colorless, transparent, and showed an intense emission with peaks at 683, 700, and 725 nm due to 5D0→7F0,1,2 transitions, respectively, of the Sm2+ ions. Irradiating the glasses with an Ar laser lowered the intensities of emission from Sm2+ ions and did not promote the formation of Sm3+ ions.
1.54-μm photoluminescence from Er-implanted GaN and AlN
Authors: Wilson R. G. , Schwartz R. N. , Abernathy C. R. , Pearton S. J. , Newman N. , Rubin M. , Fu T. , Zavada J. M.
Published: July 2002

We report the observation of the 1.54-μm luminescence of optically excited Er3+ in ion-implanted epitaxially grown GaN and AlN films using below band-gap excitation. The Er-implanted layers were co-implanted with oxygen. At room temperature, this luminescence for GaN grown on sapphire is nearly as intense as it is at 6 or 77 K and exhibits many resolved transitions between crystal-field levels of the 4I13/2 first excited multiplet and the 4I15/2 ground multiplet.
A compact tunable 60-dB Faraday optical isolator for the near infrared
Authors: Wynands R. , Diedrich F. , Meschede D. , Telle H. R.
Published: July 2002

We describe the concept and performance of a new type of tunable Faraday optical isolator for the near infrared. 60-dB isolation is achieved with three dielectric polarizers having an extinction of only 40 dB. The compact instrument does not cause an overall polarization rotation or beam displacement and gives access to all optical beams.
Femtosecond pulse shaping using spatial light modulators
Authors: Weiner A. M.
Published: July 2002

We review the field of femtosecond pulse shaping, in which Fourier synthesis methods are used to generate nearly arbitrarily shaped ultrafast optical wave forms according to user specification. An emphasis is placed on programmable pulse shaping methods based on the use of spatial light modulators. After outlining the fundamental principles of pulse shaping, we then present a detailed discussion of pulse shaping using several different types of spatial light modulators. Finally, new research directions in pulse shaping, and applications of pulse shaping to optical communications, biomedical optical imaging, high power laser amplifiers, quantum control, and laser-electron beam interactions are reviewed.
A model of size-dependent photoluminescence in amorphous silicon nanostructures: Comparison with observations of porous silicon
Authors: Estes M. J. , Moddel G.
Published: July 2002

We present calculations using a simple model of radiative recombination in 2D slabs, 1D wires, and 0D spheres of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) showing a significant size dependence of the photoluminescence. Room-temperature peak emission energies ≳1.8 eV and efficiencies near unity are possible in a-Si:H spheres with diameters <20 Å. Broad homogeneous linewidths ≳0.25 eV are also predicted for these highly confined structures. While the effects are similar to those predicted from quantum confinement, these results are caused by the statistics of spatial confinement. We suggest that these results provide insights into nanostructured a-Si:H structures and porous silicon.
Magnetic properties of arrays of “holes” in Ni80Fe20films
Authors: Adeyeye A. O. , Bland J. A. C. , Daboo C.
Published: July 2002

We have studied the magnetization reversal and magnetoresistance behavior in lithographically defined structures based on a 400 Å Ni80Fe20 film. The structures consist of square arrays of holes with size d in the range from 0.5 to 15 μm fabricated using electron beam lithography and an optimized pattern transfer process. For the field applied along the intrinsic easy axis, a marked increase in the coercive field is observed as the hole size is decreased. This has been attributed to the pinning of the domain walls in the vicinity of the holes. However, for the field applied along the intrinsic hard axis direction, there is a marked increase in the remanence as the hole size is reduced due to the competition between the intrinsic uniaxial anisotropy field and the shape induced magnetic anisotropy field. Unusual magnetoresistance effects are observed as a function of orientation of applied field in submicron structures.
Humidity-induced crystallization of tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum layers in organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Aziz Hany , Popovic Zoran , Xie Shuang , Hor Ah-Mee , Hu Nan-Xing , Tripp Carl , Xu Gu
Published: July 2002

We report electroluminescence degradation studies of tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) under ambient conditions. Alq3 films and organic bilayer anode/naphthyl-substituted benzidine derivative/Alq3/cathode devices are studied via electroluminescence, photoluminescence, polarization microscopy and atomic force microscopy, and via microscopic infrared spectroscopy. Results reveal that humidity induces the formation of crystalline Alq3 structures in originally amorphous films. The same phenomenon is found to occur in OLEDs and causes cathode delamination at the Alq3/cathode interface that results in the formation of black (nonemissive) spots in the devices.
InGaN/GaN multi-quantum well distributed Bragg reflector laser diode
Authors: Cho Jaehee , Cho S. , Kim B. J. , Chae S. , Sone C. , Nam O. H. , Lee J. W. , Park Y. , Kim T. I.
Published: July 2002

An electrically injected InGaN/GaN-based distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser was demonstrated. Surface grating was formed on both sides of ridge waveguide by chemically assisted ion beam etching technique. The observed threshold current was 375 mA with threshold voltage of 15.1 V for 500×3 μm2 devices. The emission of the DBR laser occurred in a single longitudinal mode at a wavelength of 401.3 nm. The ratio of sidemode suppression was found to be more than 13 dB until a current injection of 1 A.
Comparison between the calculated and measured energy transfer rates of the S3/24 state in Er3+-doped fluorozirconate glasses
Authors: Tsuda M. , Soga K. , Inoue H. , Makishima A.
Published: July 2002

The dependence of the fluorescence lifetime of the S3/24 state of the Er3+ ion on the ErF3 concentration was measured in fluorozirconate glasses at room temperature. Energy transfer rates were calculated from optical parameters assuming that the Er3+ ions in fluorozirconate glasses were dispersed as the cubic, bcc, or fcc structure, and were inserted into the rate equation. The dependence of the total transition rate of the S3/24 state of the Er3+ ion on the ErF3 concentration was calculated by using the rate equation and compared with the total transition rate measured by the lifetime experiment. Although many studies have reported the energy transfer rates in various rare-earth ions, the reliability of the calculated energy transfer rates has been hardly discussed. The energy transfer rate can be derived from the total transition rate. The energy transfer rate estimated from the rate equation calculation was compared with the energy transfer rate obtained from the lifetime measurement. It could be shown that the calculated energy transfer rate assuming that the Er3+ ions were dispersed as the cubic structure was closer to the measured energy transfer rate than that as the bcc and fcc structures. With increasing the ErF3 concentration, the calculated energy transfer rate when the Er3+ ions were dispersed as the cubic structure was comparable to the measured energy transfer rate. It was suggested that at the lower concentration of ErF3 (⩽2 mol %), we needed to use the distance between Er3+ ions which was shorter than that as the cubic structure in the calculation of the energy transfer rate.
Diffusion of isobutane in silicalite studied by transition path sampling
Authors: Vlugt Thijs J. H. , Dellago Christoph , Smit Berend
Published: July 2002

The diffusion process of isobutane in the zeolite silicalite has been investigated at 300 K using transition path sampling. At this temperature, isobutane is preferentially adsorbed at the intersections of silicalite. As the hopping from one intersection to another is a very infrequent event, conventional molecular dynamics techniques cannot be used to compute this hopping rate. Transition path sampling is not affected by this problem and, furthermore, does not require any preconceived notion of the transition mechanism. We use transition path sampling to compute hopping rates between stable states and to locate transition states. For isobutane, we found that not only the position but also the orientation is important in the characterization of the transition state. The Lennard-Jones size parameter σ describing the alkane-zeolite interactions has a major influence on both adsorption and diffusion of isobutane in silicalite.
Luminescence of bulk and nanocrystalline cubic yttria
Authors: Konrad A. , Herr U. , Tidecks R. , Kummer F. , Samwer K.
Published: July 2002

The luminescence of nanocrystalline cubic yttria has been measured for 300 and 80 K. A blueshift and a broadening of the absorption edge, both depending on the particle size were found. The energy of the radiation emitted due to the recombination of a bound exciton does not depend on particle size. The observations are not caused by quantum or phonon confinement. Using a quantum mechanical configurational coordinate diagram an explanation can be given. Hydrostatic pressure increasing the phonon energy of the excited state of the bound exciton, or an increase of the exciton-phonon coupling may generate the size dependent optical properties of nanocrystalline yttria.
Piezoelectric properties of layered perovskite A2Ti2O7 (A=La and Nd) single-crystal fibers
Authors: Yamamoto Joyce K. , Bhalla Amar S.
Published: July 2002

Lanthanum and neodymium titanate A2Ti2O7 (A=La, Nd) single-crystal fibers were grown via the laser-heated pedestal growth technique. The single-crystal fibers were 600 μm in diameter and 3–4 cm in length. The piezoelectric, k23 and d23, and elastic compliance, s33, coefficients were measured using the standard resonance-antiresonance technique. From a comparison of the measured coefficients to poled single crystal data in the literature, it is concluded that the La2Ti2O7 single-crystal fiber grew in a single domain state.
High resolution transmission electron microscopy and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline iron particles with oxidized and nitrided surfaces
Authors: Hsu Chi-Ming , Lin Hong-Ming , Tsai Kuen-Rong , Lee Pee-Yew
Published: July 2002

Nanocrystalline iron powders were produced by means of gas condensation. Pure nitrogen, or oxygen, or air, was introduced into the as-made powders before they were taken from the chamber. Different atmospheres produced different layer structures around the iron particles. A high resolution transmission electron microscope was used to analyze the crystal structure and a vibrating-sample magnetometer was used to measure the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline iron particles. The results showed that a layer of amorphous or nanocrystalline structure was formed initially on the surface of iron particles. This thin amorphous layer crystallized into Fe3O4 after annealing under electron irradiation when the introduced atmosphere was pure oxygen or air. However, it formed a passivated layer of ζ-Fe2N when nitrogen was introduced. A hydrogen-reducing process was employed to remove the oxide layer from the surface of nanocrystalline iron particles. The clean surface led to increased magnetization. The exchange anisotropy between the iron core and the superficial iron oxide or nitride shell was observed as the sample was cooled in an applied field of 10 kOe from room temperature to 5 K. The shift of the hysteresis loop caused by exchange anisotropy was 16% for the nitride shell and 8% for the oxide shell.