bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based model for predicting the outcome of abdominal paracentesis drainage
Authors: Liu Ruohong , Zhang Yufan , He Liang , Huang Zhu , Wen Yi , Li Yunming , Tang Lijun
Published: February 2023

Background
Abdominal Paracentesis drainage (APD) is a useful treatment for acute pancreatitis (AP) patient with pancreatitis associated ascitic fluid, however, researches seldom mentioned whether every patient benefit from this treatment. Here, we described a machine learning model to predict the outcomes of APD on certain AP patients.
Methods
The EHR data of 464 AP patients admitted between 2014 to 2020 were used in our study in a de-identified way. A machine learning model using random forest algorithm was established and validated under the stratified 10 fold cross validation strategy. The patients were labelled as “apd_cure” and “apd_serious” group according to their outcome, and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value, negative prediction value and ROC curve as well as its area under curve were used to value the efficacy of the model. A logistic regression model was established in the same strategy to compared their predictability.
Results
The random forest model has an excellent overall properties in predicting the outcomes of APD treatment for the AUC was 0.703 ± 0.118 [95%CI 0.64–0.77]. The accuracy, specificity and NPV (Negative Predictive Value) of the model was 0.786 ± 0.038, 0.940 ± 0.037 and 0.817 ± 0.037, respectively, indicates the model was more able to correctly classify patients who improved after APD treatment. The sensitivity and PPV(Positive Predictive Value) of the model was 0.208 ± 0.144 and 0.486 ± 0.232, which means that the model has insufficient ability to identify patients who may be more likely to have a worsening condition after APD treatment. Finally, the random forest model was statistically better than logistic regression model in accuracy and specificity.
Conclusion
The random forest model described in this study is a validated model in predicting the outcome of APD treatment on acute pancreatitis patients. It has higher overall performance than the logistic regression model. We hope it may help doctors choose treatment options appropriately and may enhance treatment efficacy in this group of patients.
Noncanonical Il-1β maturation in microglia impairs cognition in chronic kidney disease via neuronal IL-1R signaling
Authors: zimmermann silke , Mathew Akash , Bondareva Olga , Elwakiel Ahmed , Waldmann Klarina , Jiang Shihai , Rana Rajiv , Singh Kunal , Kohli Shrey , Shahzad Khurrum , Biemann Ronald , Roskoden Thomas , Storsberg Silke , Mawrin Christian , Krügel Ute , Bechmann Ingo , Goldschmidt Jürgen , Sheikh Bilal , Isermann Berend
Published: February 2023

While cognitive impairment is common in peripheral diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), mechanistic insights and effective therapies are lacking1,2. Organ substitution reverses cognitive impairment, indicating that cognitive impairment driven by peripheral diseases is therapeutically amendable3,4. Yet, we lack pharmacological approaches. Here, we show that despite inflammasome activation in the brain and protection in full body NLRP3-inflammasome deficient mice, microglial caspase-1 deficiency does not improve inflammation and cognition in CKD mice. Microglial potassium (K+) dyshomeostasis induces noncanonical, cathepsin C–caspase-8 mediated IL-1β maturation and neuronal dysfunction via IL-1R signaling in CKD. Neuronal IL-1R-signaling induces neuronal NLRP3 expression, indicating an unrecognized function of NLRP3 in neurons. Restoring K+ homeostasis in microglia using a KCa3.1-specific inhibitor (TRAM34) or genetically inhibiting neuronal IL-1R1 signaling improves CKD-triggered cognitive impairment. These insights identify a new intercellular microglia IL-1β –neuron IL-1R1 crosstalk and identify potential therapeutic targets to combat neuronal dysfunction in peripheral diseases.
Annotated sequence First report of Soybean chlorotic blotch virus infecting Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Cameroon
Authors: Lauryn Bahoya JA. , Piau Jean CM. , Monono Ekwa Y. , Nkeabeng Leke Walter
Published: February 2023

Leaves from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plants exhibiting unusual viral disease symptoms were tested for the presence of begomovirus infection. The putative full-length Soybean chlorotic blotch virus (SbCBV) components A and B molecules, respectively were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed. This is the first study identifying SbCBV, a bipartite begomovirus infecting okra in Cameroon and the centra Central African region.
Caring for older patients with reduced decision-making capacity. A deductive exploratory study of ambulance clinicians’ ethical competence
Authors: Holmberg Bodil , Bennesved Anna , Bremer Anders
Published: February 2023

Background As more people are living longer, they become frail and are affected by multi-morbidity, resulting in increased demands from the ambulance service. Being vulnerable, older patients may have reduced decision-making capacity, despite still wanting to be involved in decision-making about their care. Their needs may be complex and difficult to assess, and do not always correspond with ambulance assessment protocols. When needing an ambulance, older patients encounter ambulance clinicians who are under high workloads and primarily consider themselves as emergency medical care providers. This situates them in the struggle between differing expectations, and ethical conflicts may arise. To resolve these, providing ethical care, focussing on interpersonal relationships and using ethical competence is needed. However, it is not known whether ambulance clinicians possess the ethical competence required to provide ethical care. Thus, the aim of this study was to deductively explore their ethical competence when caring for older patients with reduced decision-making ability.
Methods A qualitative deductive and exploratory design was used to analyse dyadic interviews with ambulance clinicians. A literature review, defining ethical competence as comprising ethical sensitivity, ethical knowledge, ethical reflection, ethical decision-making, ethical action and ethical behaviour, was used as a structured categorization matrix for the analysis.
Results Ambulance clinicians possess ethical competence in terms of their ethical knowledge, highlighting the need for establishing an interpersonal relationship with the older patient. To establish this, they use ethical sensitivity to interpret the patients’ needs. Doing this, they are aware of their ethical behaviour, signifying how they must act respectfully and provide the necessary time for listening and interacting.
Conclusions Ambulance clinicians fail to see their gut feeling as a professional ethical competence, which might hinder them from reacting to unethical ways of working. Further, they lack the acquired ethical knowledge regarding the benefits and disadvantages of paternalism, which reduces their ability to perform ethical decision-making. Moreover, their ethical knowledge is hampered by an ageist approach to older patients, which also has consequences for their ethical action. Finally, ambulance clinicians show deficiencies regarding their ethical reflections, as they reflect merely on their own actions, rather than on their values.
Clinical and genetic characterization of Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) in 29 Iranian patients: Identification of 11 novel mutations
Authors: Panjeshahi Samareh , Karimzadeh Parvaneh , Movafagh Abolfazl , Ahmadabadi Farzad , Rahimian Elham , Alijanpour Sahar , Miryounesi Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases witch considered among the most frequent cause of dementia in childhood worldwide This study aimed to identify the gene variants, molecular etiologies, and clinical features in 23 unrelated Iranian families with NCL. In total, 29 patients with Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, MRI neuroimaging, and electroencephalography (EEG), were recruited for this study. through whole exome sequencing(WES), functional prediction, Sanger sequencing, and segregation analysis, we found that 12 patients (41.3%) with mutations in the CLN6 gene, 7 patients (24%) with the TPP1(CLN2) gene variants, and 4 patients (13.7%) with mutations in the MFSD8(CLN7) gene. Also, mutations in each of the CLN3 and CLN5 genes were detected in 2 cases and mutations of each PPT1(CLN1) and CLN8 gene were observed in only 1 separate patient. We identified 18 different mutations, 11 (61%) of which are novel, never have been reported before, and the others have been previously described. The gene variants identified in this study expand the number of published clinical cases and the variant frequency spectrum of the Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) genes; moreover, the identification of these variants supplies foundational clues for future NCL diagnosis and therapy.
Application of derivative UV spectrophotometry for the determination of marbofloxacin in pharmaceuticals
Authors: Elgendy Khaled Mansour , Zaky Monier Saad , turky alaa eldin , fadel alsayed
Published: February 2023

Background
A simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive spectrometric method for the determination of Marbofloxacin has been developed. The present manuscript describes a first, second, third, and fourth derivative spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous estimation of and Marbofloxacin.
Results
First order derivative absorption at wavelengths of 300 nm and 278 nm, second order derivative absorption at wavelengths of 310 nm, 291 nm, and 270 nm, third order derivative absorption at wavelengths of 262 nm, 282 nm, 297 nm, and 311 nm, and fourth order derivative absorption at wavelengths of 258 nm, 267 nm, 292 nm, 304 (zero cross point for Marbofloxacin). With a correlation value (R2) of 0.994, marbofloxacin linearity was achieved in the concentration range of 2–20 µg/ml. The average recovery rate was found to be between 98.25 and 101.52%.
Conclusions
The suitability of these methods for the quantitative determination of Marbofloxacin was proved by validation. The proposed method was validated in accordance with the guidelines and was successfully applied to the simultaneous estimation of Marbofloxacin in its synthetic forms.
Low Profile Hybrid Frequency and Polarization Reconfigurable Bunny Patch Antenna for S-band Applications
Authors: Agarwal Sweta , Meshram Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2023

In this Article, a unique single probe feed Bunny patch antenna with hybrid frequency and polarisation reconfigurability for S –Band application is presented. A bunny patch antenna is a modified circular patch antenna. The bunny-shaped patch antenna is made by joining the conducting strips to the circular patch at 600. Two conducting strips, two notches on the patch periphery, and two RF-PIN diodes are used to reconfigure three polarisation states in this antenna: left-hand circular polarisation (LHCP), right-hand circular polarisation (RHCP), and linear polarisation (LP) with frequency reconfigurability. The dielectric material FR-4 is used, which has a thickness of 6.4mm and a permittivity of 4.4. This antenna features a 400 MHz, -10dB impedance bandwidth from 2.46–2.86 GHz and a 3.38% axial ratio (AR) bandwidth from 2.54–2.64 GHz. This antenna, when designed optimally, can emit a gain of about 5dBic in its circular polarization states. The proposed bunny patch antenna is fabricated and measured. Results have good agreement in all states of operation. The UMT (Universal MSS Terminal) receiver system can benefit from this antenna.
Paternal Age and risk of Congenital Anomalies and birth outcomes: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Bu Xinghe , Ye Wenjing , Zhou Jianguo
Published: February 2023

Objective: To explore the impact of paternal age on the risk of congenital anomalies and birth outcomes in U.S. infants born between 2016 and 2021.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was based on live births in the National Vital Statistics System database between 2016 and 2021. All newborns were divided into 4 groups based on paternal age (<25, 25-34, 35-44, and >44 years old groups) and using 25-34 years groups as reference. The primary outcomes were congenital anomalies including structural anomalies, and chromosome anomalies, while the secondary outcomes included preterm birth, low birth weight, severe neonatal perinatal asphyxia, admission to neonatal intensive care units, etc. The association between paternal age and outcomes was detected by multivariable logistic analysis.
Results: After the exclusion process, a total of 17,764,695 live births were included in the final analyses. After adjustment for confounding factors, compared with the paternal age of 25-34 years group, advanced paternal age of more than 44 years was associated with increased odds of congenital anomalies (aOR=1.17, 95%CI 1.12-1.21), mainly for the chromosomal anomalies (aOR=1.59, 95%CI 1.40-1.78) but not the structure anomalies (aOR=1.03, 95%CI 0.97-1.09). Advanced paternal age also increased the risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and admission to NICU in their infants.
Conclusion: Advanced paternal age increases the risk of congenital anomalies in their offspring, especially chromosomal anomalies, which implies more intensive prenatal or pre-conceptional investigation, including genetic tests, should be taken in the high-risk paternal populations.
Analytical solution for rock discontinuity prediction without stereonet
Authors: To Peter , Sivakugan Nagaratnam
Published: February 2023

Stereographic projection has been used in Rock Engineering for decades to represent rock mass discontinuities in graphical form and to carry out further stability analysis. Currently, there are computer programs available for this purpose. The objective of this technical note is to present some closed form expressions related to stereographic projections such as the prediction of a possible joint set. These solutions can be implemented in spreadsheets or in computer programs and would benefit stability analysis of rock masses with discontinuities. This helps to reduce the work load with hand solutions and enhance the analysis in modern computational tools with stereonet, where the rotation and snap features are not available yet.
Antiviral effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria; a systematic review
Authors: Farahmnandi Fargol , Parhizgar Parynaz , Tape Parya Mozafari Komesh , Bizhannia Fahimeh , rohani Fateme sadat , Bizhanzadeh Marzieh , Alhosseini Zeinab Sadat Mostafavi , hosseinzade Maede , Farsi Yeganeh , Nasiri Mohammad Javad
Published: February 2023

Background
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most important strains of probiotics. Some of them are normal flora of human mucous membranes in the gastrointestinal system, skin, urinary tract, and genitalia. There is evidence suggesting that LAB has an antiviral effect on viral infections. However, these studies are still controversial and a systematic review was conducted to evaluate the antiviral effects of LAB on viral infections.
Methods
The systematic search was conducted until the end of December 17, 2022, in international databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline (via PubMed). The keywords of our search were Lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillales, Lactobacillus (as well as its species), Probiotics, Antiviral, Inhibitory effect, and Virus.
Results
Of 15.408 potentially relevant articles obtained at the end of our search, 45 eligible in-vivo human studies were selected for inclusion in the study from databases and registers and citation searching. We conducted a systematic review of the antiviral effects of the LAB based on the included articles. The most commonly investigated labs are Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus Casei.
Conclusion
Our study indicates that most of our included articles support the positive effect of LAB on viral infections although some studies showed no significant positive effect of LABs on some viral infections.
Food Addiction and Binge Eating Disorder are Linked to Shared and Unique Deficits in Emotion Regulation among Female Seeking Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Ahmadkaraji Shahrzad , Farahani Hojjatollah , Orfi Koosha , lavasani Fahimeh Fathali
Published: February 2023

Background: Dysfunctional eating patterns can indicate obesity psychopathologies. With food addiction (FA) becoming a clinically important problem, it's necessary to compare it to, especially Binge eating disorder (BED) in the obesity spectrum. The current study aimed to identify overlapping and distinctive features in emotion dysregulation as an underlying mechanism and emotional eating as a clinical feature among four groups of female with obesity seeking bariatric surgery: those with FA only (n = 35), BED only (n = 35), FA+BED (n = 31), and a control group with obesity only (n = 27).
Methods: Data on emotion dysregulation and emotional eating were derived from the total 128 Females seeking bariatric surgery (mean age: 38.91 ± 10.59, mean BMI: 42.10 kg/m2 ± 4.43), using well-established measures. Univariate analyses of variance were used to compare these groups to one another (ANOVA).
Results: Regarding descriptive statistics, the comorbid group with FA and BED showed higher scores on all measures, while the obesity only group acquired the lowest scores. Several ANOVA with Bonferroni test revealed that there were few differences among obesity with FA and obesity with BED. However, obesity only group was significantly better in terms of emotion dysregulation and emotional eating.
Conclusions: Current research reveals that BED and FA are connected to both common and unique impairments in emotion regulation among bariatric surgery candidates. These findings may be helpful to provide more tailored treatment and enhance their outcomes after bariatric surgery. To differentiate between FA and BED in longer-term studies, however, more research is necessary.
Therapeutic characteristics of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatment during pregnancy: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Jiaying , Lai Mengyu , Wang Nian , Ma Yuhang , Gong Yujia , Kang Mei , Fang Fang , Wang Yufan , Peng Yongde
Published: February 2023

Aims: To explore the therapeutic characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients receiving insulin therapy during pregnancy.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 790 GDM patients from Shanghai General Hospital were enrolled. Information consisting of demographic and laboratory data, the insulin treatment protocol, and daily insulin dosage before delivery were collected.
Results: A total of 236 (29.87%) GDM patients received insulin treatment. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 1-hour plasma glucose (1hPG), HbA1c, and gestational week at diagnosis were associated with insulin treatment. The average daily insulin dosages were 0.15, 0.27, 0.29, and 0.50 U/kg, from once daily to four daily injections, while insulin pump users received 0.62 U/kg (Pfor trend<0.001). FPG, 1hPG, and HbA1c at diagnosis showed significant value for predicting the need for four daily insulin injectionsbefore delivery in ROC analysis (all P<0.001), and the cut-off values were 5.6 mmol/L, 10.4 mmol/L, and 5.7%. The AUC for the model considering FPG, 1hPG, and HbA1c together was larger than that of any single variable (all P<0.05).
Conclusion: The average daily insulin dosage before delivery increased with the frequency of insulin injections. Patients with FPG ³5.6 mmol/L, 1hPG ³10.4 mmol/L, and HbA1c ³5.7% at diagnosis required intensive insulin therapy before delivery.
Postoperative peritumoral edema can predict the prognosis in intracranial meningioma with preoperative peritumoral edema
Authors: Ying Yu-Zhe , Li Hao-Yi , Dong Ge-Hong , Zhang Guo-Bin , Liu Xiang-Ming , Lin Song , Ren Xiao-Hui , Jiang Zhong-Li
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Peritumoral edema (PTE) in intracranial meningiomas correlates to surgical outcomes. But only depending on preoperative PTE in meningioma does not accurately predict the prognosis after resection. We aimed to investigate whether postoperative PTE could improve the prognosis prediction of meningioma patients with preoperative PTE.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed postoperative MRI scans in 3 months after operation of 371 patients with preoperative PTE of meningioma that underwent surgery between 2015 and 2017. All the patients were classified into two different groups according to whether had postoperative PTE fadeaway within 3 months after operation. Clinical manifestations, histopathology characteristics, radiology data and follow-up outcomes were noted. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare clinical characteristics. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis and Kaplan‒Meier method were utilized to screen for clinical prognostic factors.

Result

Kaplan-Meier model showed that the progression-free survival of patients with postoperative PTE are shorter than who with postoperative PTE fadeaway in 3 months after operation (HR = 3.30 ,P = 0.006). Multivariate Cox analyses showed that the predictors for recurrence of meningioma with preoperative: high WHO grades (HR = 4.989, P＜0.001), superior sagittal sinus invasion (HR = 2.290, P = 0.047), postoperative PTE in 3 months after operation (HR = 1.804, P = 0.044) and subtotal resection (HR = 3.940, P = 0.003).

Conclusion

According to our research, we found that postoperative PTE in 3 months after operation can predict the outcomes of patients of meningioma with preoperative PTE. Besides, we demonstrated that there were also some predictors for recurrence: male, high WHO grades, superior sagittal sinus invasion and subtotal resection.
Performance Assessment of the Cameroon Expanded Program of Immunization: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Amani Adidja , Saidu Yauba , Cheuyem Fabrice Zobel Lekeumo , Asaah Collins Tatang , Njoh Andreas Ateke , Kabir Haamit Abba - , Eyebe Serge , Mossus Tatiana , Selenguai Hélène Kamo , Ngoué Jeannette Epée , Zogo Pierre Ongolo -
Published: February 2023

Objective
This study aimed at evaluating the performance of the EPI so as to determine whether the program is set to achieve the vaccine specific targets of some SDGs by 2030.
Methods
We carried out a mixed method study associating a cross-sectional web-based qualitative analysis during March 2021 and a quantitative analysis of EPI performance from 2006 to 2019 in Cameroon.
Findings:
The observed weaknesses included the failure to meet the targeted vaccination coverage of all antigens, the proportion of health districts with coverage greater than 80% remained low, the existence of districts with less than 50% vaccination coverage, and insufficient quality of vaccination data. The Country lagged in geographical equity, program management, and financing. In addition, situations that emerged during the past decade, such as the covid-19, conflicts, political instability, and widespread misinformation, negatively impact the output of vaccination services.
Conclusion
Cameroon needs to amplify efforts to fill gaps and weaknesses so as not to be left behind to attain the targets for this current decade embedded in sustainable development goals.
Framework for Health Data Security within Smart Healthcare
Authors: Tahir Rida
Published: February 2023

E-health solutions can be used to monitor patients at any time and from any location. Patient's health and recovery status are constantly monitored using mobile communication. In these kinds of systems, the privacy, authenticity, and validity of patients' health records must be protected. To protect e-health systems in a digital network context, effective access control and transmission are necessary. Because of the resource-constrained design of the digital network environments, traditional access control techniques are unable to safely route e-health services. This work proposes an innovative and upgraded authentication scheme that attempts to address the obstacles associated with the confidentiality and protection of patients' sensitive data through robust encryption management. A well-organized and lightweight access control mechanism is also a goal of the suggested model.
Medium-term effects of clay-based mineral biochar on plant performance and soil properties
Authors: Darini Abbass , Jafary Mohammad , Tavili Ali , Arzani Hossein , Javadi Seyed Akbar
Published: February 2023

There is no detailed information about the effect of mineral biochar (MB) on soil properties and plant performance. Here, MB levels of 0, 5, … and 25% in three application methods; including mixed with the topsoil (MTS), subsoil (MSS), whole soil (MWS) were used through cultivating the Fortuynia bungei (bush), Calligonum comosum (shrub) and Ziziphus spina-christi (tree) in holes based on a completely randomized factorial design for two consecutive years in an arid region. Based on the results, even using 5% MB, a relative improvement in soil and plant properties was observed, but there was no significant difference between 20 and 25% MB application. Plant performance was significantly influenced by specie type, MB levels and application method. Using 20% MB under MWS, shrub C. comosum had the highest height and biomass production. OM, EC and pH showed the most changes, which were mostly influenced by the level of MB used (Sig.<0.001). Also, soil respiration, urease, b-glucosidase, dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase showed an increase of 34.4, 79.1, 100.0, 65.3 and 22.5%, respectively, in comparison to its control (MB = 0). The Pearson-Kendall correlation through PCA also showed significant ecological relationships between soil-plant characteristics improvements by 15–20%MB application.
Rethinking position embedding methods in the Transformer architecture
Authors: Zhou Xin , Ren Zhaohui , Yu Tianzhuang
Published: February 2023

In the transformer architecture, as self-attention reads entire image patches at once, the context of the sequence between patches is omitted. Therefore, the position embedding method is employed to assist the self-attention layers in computing the ordering information of tokens. Although most works directly add the position vector into the corresponding token vector instead of concatenating, fewer papers give a detailed explanation except for dimensional reduction. Actually, the addition method makes no sense because token vectors and position vectors are different physical quantities and can not be simply added together. Thus, we investigate the discrepancy of learned position information in both embedding methods(concatenation and addition) and compare their performance for models. Experiments demonstrate that the concatenation method can learn more spatial information(horizontal, vertical, and angle) than the addition method and learn smoother position information in the multi-scale model. Also, an appropriate concatenating strategy can easily bring 0.1% to 0.4% performance gain for soft-of-the-art models without extra computation overhead.
Design, Synthesis, Spectral analysis, Drug likeness prediction, and molecular docking investigations of new naphtho[2,1-b]furan encompassing pyrimidines as potential antimicrobial agents
Authors: L Roopa D. , Mathada Basavarajaiah Suliphuldevara , B Punarva H.
Published: February 2023

In view of the extremely important biological and medicinal properties of napthofurans, the synthesis of these heterocycles has fascinated the interest of medicinal and organic chemists. Keeping this in mind, we herein reporting synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of 4-N-aryl -naphtho[2,1-b]furo[3,2-d] pyrimidines 5 (a-l). Structures of these synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral analysis like IR, NMR and Mass spectrometry. The In vitro antimicrobial activities were reported for the all compounds 5 (a-l). The compounds 5e and 5f exhibited excellent antibacterial, antifungal and antidermatophytic activities against tested pathogens at MIC 3.125, and 3.125g/ml respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking studies of these compounds against Staphylococcus aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (PDB ID: 1JIJ), S. Aureus Gyrase (PDB ID: 2XCT) and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (PDB ID: 7TOB), revealed the potential binding mode of the ligands to the site of the appropriate targets. Finally, drug likeness and structures activity relationship studies also disclosed.
dSTK10 maintains tissue homeostasis by preventing JNK-mediated apoptosis
Authors: Li Chenglin , Sun Xinyue , Zhu Xiaojie , Guo Xiaowei , Li Wenzhe , Chen Ping , Shidlovskii Yulii V. , Zhou Qian , Xue Lei
Published: February 2023

Background
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell death, which is essential for coordinating tissue homeostasis. In this study, we have characterized the Drosophila Ste20-like kinase dSTK10 as a novel modulator of JNK pathway-mediated apoptotic cell death.
Results
First, ectopic JNK signaling-triggered cell death is enhanced in heterozygous dSTK10 mutants, and suppressed by dSTK10 overexpression. Second, depletion of dSTK10 activates JNK signaling, which results in enhanced apoptosis and impaired tissue homeostasis. In addition, genetic epistasis analysis suggests that dSTK10 acts upstream of or in parallel to Hep to regulate JNK-mediated apoptotic cell death. Moreover, dSTK10 is necessary and sufficient for preventing physiologic JNK signaling-mediated cell death in development. Furthermore, introduction of STK10, the human ortholog of dSTK10, into Drosophila restores dSTK10 depletion-induced cell death and compromised tissue homeostasis. Lastly, knockdown of STK10 in human cancer cells also leads to JNK activation.
Conclusions
Thus, this study has uncovered an evolutionarily conserved role of dSTK10/STK10 in blocking JNK signaling, which is required for cell death inhibition and tissue homeostasis maintenance in Drosophila development.
Co-expression module analysis reveals expression homogeneity of module members for coding and non-coding genes in sepsis
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Hong Chengying , Jiang Yichun , Chen Youlian , Ma Yonghui , Chen Huaisheng , Liu Xueyan , Cheng Lixin
Published: February 2023

Sepsis is a condition that results from a harmful or damaging host response to infection with organ dysfunction. Every year about 20 million people are dead owing to sepsis and its mortality rates is as high as 20%. However, no studies have been carried out to investigate sepsis from the system biology point of view, since previous studies mainly focused on individual genes in sepsis, ignoring the interactions and associations among the genes and transcripts. Here, we explored the expression alteration of both mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in sepsis on a genome-wide scale, on the basis of six microarray datasets. Co-expression networks were conducted to identify mRNA and lncRNA modules, respectively. Comparing with the normal modules, we observed that the mRNA/lncRNA members in sepsis module tend to express in a homogeneous way, a majority of them are expressed in the same direction. Furthermore, consistent modules among diverse datasets were determined with 20 common mRNA members and two lncRNAs, CHRM3-AS2 and PRKCQ-AS1, which are expected to be candidate regulators of sepsis. Our results reveal that the up-regulated common mRNAs are mainly involved in the processes of neutrophil mediated immunity, while the down-regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs are significantly overrepresented in T-cell mediated immunity functions. This study concentrated on co-expression pattern of mRNAs and lncRNAs in sepsis to provide a novel perspective and insight into sepsis transcriptome, which may facilitate the exploration of candidate therapeutic targets and molecular biomarkers for sepsis.
Study of the thermal cavitation problem in a composite viscoelastic sphere
Authors: Chen YaJuan , Shang XinChun
Published: February 2023

Cavity bifurcation is an important mechanism of damage and fracture failure of various materials. The thermal cavitation problem of a composite sphere composed of two kinds of viscoelastic materials and subjected to a uniform temperature field was studied in this paper. Based on the finite deformation dynamics theory, the nonlinear mathematical model of describing cavity movement in a composite sphere was established by employing the Kelvin-Voigt differential type constitutive equation of thermo-visco-elasticity. Adopting the dimensionless transformation, a parametric cavitated bifurcation solution describing the cavity radius with the temperature was obtained. And the dynamical variation curves of the cavity radius increasing with the external temperature, the radius ratios, and the material parameters were also discussed. It was proved that the dynamical growth of an infinitely large sphere including a small sphere could also be achieved by a finitely composite sphere.
Explaining Deep Multi-Class Time Series Classifiers
Authors: Doddaiah Ramesh , Parvatharaju Prathyush , Rundensteiner Elke , Hartvigsen Thomas
Published: February 2023

Explainability helps users trust deep learning solutions for time series classification. However, existing explainability methods for multi-class time series classifiers focus on one class at a time, ignoring relationships between the classes. Instead, when a classifier is choosing between many classes, an effective explanation must show what sets the chosen class apart from the rest. We now formalize this notion, studying the open problem of class-specific explainability for deep time series classifiers, a challenging and impactful problem setting. We design a novel explainability method, DEMUX, which learns saliency maps for explaining deep multi-class time series classifiers by adaptively ensuring that its explanation spotlights the regions in an input time series that a model uses specifically to its predicted class. DEMUX adopts a gradient-based approach composed of three interdependent modules that combine to generate consistent, class-specific saliency maps that remain faithful to the classifier's behavior yet are easily understood by end users. We demonstrate that DEMUX outperforms nine state-of-the-art alternatives on seven popular datasets when explaining two types of deep time series classifiers. We analyze run time performance, show the impacts of hyperparameter selection, and introduce a detailed study of perturbation methods for time series. Further, through a case study, we demonstrate that DEMUX's explanations indeed highlight what separates the predicted class from the others in the eyes of the classifier.
Assoziation neuroradiologischer Befunde und histologischer sowie immunhistochemischer Merkmale bei Patienten mit progressiver multifokaler Leukenzephalopathie
Authors:   , Mann Leonhard
Published: February 2023

Die Progressive multifokale Leukenzephalopathie (PML) stellt eine schwere Komplikation bei Patienten mit kompromittiertem Immunstatus dar. Neben der klassischen PML (cPML), die sich ohne bildmorphologische und histologische Entzündungszeichen präsentiert, zeigen einige PML-Patienten jedoch eine auffällige entzündliche Reaktion in betroffenen Hirnregionen. („inflammatorische PML“ (iPML)). Ziel dieser Arbeit war die bildmorphologische und histologische Charakterisierung dieser beiden PML-Formen, um eine genauere Differenzierung und ein früheres Erkennen in nicht-invasiven Untersuchungen zu ermöglichen. Die Patienten dieser Studie wurden anhand des Ausmaßes ihrer Kontrastmittelanreicherung als Hinweis auf eine Bluthirnschrankenstörung in die Gruppen cPML und iPML eingeteilt. Es wurden die Entzündungsintensität, Entzündungslokalisation, Demyelinisierung und Nekrose in kernspintomographischen und histologischen Untersuchungen bewertet und ihre Ausprägungen bei cPML- und iPML-Patienten verglichen. Zusätzlich wurde das Immunzellinfiltrat auf zellulärer Ebene charakterisiert und mit bildmorphologischen Charakteristika in beiden Gruppen verglichen. iPML-Patienten zeigten signifikant höhere Infiltrationen an CD8+ T-Zellen sowie CD138+ Plasmazellen im Vergleich zu cPML-Patienten. Bildmorphologisch ließ sich iPML-Patienten ein vorwiegend perivaskuläres Entzündungsmuster und cPML- Patienten ein vorwiegend parenchymales Entzündungsmuster zuordnen. Zudem korrelierte die Einwanderung von CD163+ sowie CD206+ M/Ms mit der bildmorphologischen Demyelinisierungsausmaß. Die Ergebnisse tragen zur besseren Differenzierung zwischen cPML und iPML bei. Eine frühe und sichere Differenzierung der beiden PML-Formen ist von hoher klinischer Relevanz, da Therapieoptionen und Prognose wesentlich von der jeweiligen PML-Form abhängen können. Zusätzlich wird in dieser Arbeit ein System zur Graduierung der Demyelinisierungsintensität bei PML-Patienten vorgeschlagen und die Verwendung des löslichen CD206-Rezeptors als Biomarker für das Demyeliniserungsausmaß in Aussicht gestellt.
PropG—An Online Application for Learning Plant Propagation Glossary Terms
Authors: Wilson Sandra B. , Geneve Robert L. , Davies Frederick T. , Sotala Aaron J.
Published: February 2023

A mobile web application called PropG was developed for students to quickly access more than 270 glossary terms defined in a plant propagation textbook. The functionality and usefulness of the app was evaluated by 53 students enrolled in a semester-long online course in plant propagation. Means of pre- and post-test responses to 17 knowledge items showed students perceived a significant knowledge gain in the course for each of the subject categories evaluated. Most students agreed or strongly agreed this learning tool was organized and easy to navigate and would use it in the future. Since 2021, PropG received 153,645 total page views, 90,818 unique visits, and 17,216 returning visits, showing its widespread use in plant propagation.
Selectivity and Efficacy of Acetic Acid and d-Limonene on Four Aquatic Plants
Authors: Gettys Lyn A. , Thayer Kyle L. , Sigmon Joseph W. , Bishop Jennifer H.
Published: February 2023

Most lake, canal, and pond management programs in the United States use herbicides labeled for aquatic use because many of these products, which are registered by the US Environmental Protection Agency, are relatively inexpensive and can effectively control undesirable plants without excessive damage to desirable species. Managers of these resources have expressed an interest in alternative methods for aquatic weed control that could reduce the use of traditional synthetic herbicides. We studied the effects of acetic acid and d-limonene on growth of the invasive aquatic species rotala (Rotala rotundifolia) and crested floatingheart (Nymphoides cristata), as well as on the native wetland plants spatterdock (Nuphar advena) and giant bulrush (Schoenoplectus californicus). We applied acetic acid and d-limonene (alone and in combination) once as foliar treatments to healthy plants, then grew out the plants for 8 weeks after treatment to observe damage resulting from treatments. We also evaluated diquat dibromide at three concentrations as “industry-standard” synthetic treatments for comparison. A 0.22% concentration of diquat dibromide eliminated most or all vegetation of rotala, crested floatingheart, and giant bulrush, but was much less damaging to spatterdock. Single-product applications of acetic acid or d-limonene had little effect on any of the four species evaluated. Some combinations of acetic acid and d-limonene provided acceptable control of rotala and selectivity on spatterdock and giant bulrush, but no treatments reduced crested floatingheart growth by more than 40%. Treating rotala with acetic acid and d-limonene instead of diquat dibromide would result in a 25-fold increase in material costs, which would make this option unaffordable for most aquatic system managers.
Research on the Impact of Covid-19’s Purported Impacts on the Prevalence of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression
Authors: Ghodke Babasaheb
Published: February 2023

The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health have been apparent from the beginning. Housework and social constraints Implemented an important pandemic issue would be being unprepared. Future physical health and longevity are predicted by mental health. It would portend ongoing pandemic health problems. India has rules about social segregation and lockdowns that affect the economy, the people, and the environment. When the environment is unhealthy, it hurts the economy and people’s lives. In May 2021, 1.49 percent of cases in this state ended in death. As of May 2022, there have been 78,77,577 cases in Maharashtra, and 1,47,842 people have died. The present study tried to find out that the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced depression, anxiety, and stress levels in elders. The goal of this study is to find out how Covid-19 affects the amount of stress, anxiety, and depression in the elderly population. Data were collected from rural and urban hospitals by using a questionnaire that captured general information about the participants and a DASS-21 questionnaire. Collected data is calculated using the chi-square test and DASS interpretation is carried out. The current study discovered that a significant proportion of the elderly suffer from stress, anxiety, and depression, symptoms in the geriatric population because of Covid-19 when compared to stress scale or depression in rural & urban areas, in Maharashtra. More research may be carried out to reflect the psychological status of the geriatric population to validate the study’s conclusions. Keywords: Anxiety, Covid 19, Depression, Pandemic, Stress.
Longitudinally and laterally trench-supported subsurface dam innovative design procedures
Authors: Şen Zekâi
Published: February 2023

According to the Paris climate change agreement, temperature increases of around 1.5 or 2.0 °C by 2050 are bound to increase the amounts of evaporation and evapotranspiration, which are among the losses from surface water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and dams. In order to reduce these losses and support local water supply, subsurface dam construction projects are at the forefront in many countries, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, even in subtropical climate regions. In the literature, there are classical methodological explanations for underground dams with quite insufficient and restrictive interpretations. In this paper, two very similar but different new alternatives are proposed as longitudinally and laterally supported underground dams with inspirations from historical qanat groundwater subsurface structures. Both types are supported by artificial trenches with higher hydraulic conductivity than the surrounding Quaternary alluvial deposits to increase external and meanwhile to support internal areal recharge possibilities between the trenches and the surrounding natural porous, weathered and fractured layers. It is noticed that trench-supported subsurface dams are more effective, affordable, sustainable and manageable than classical alternatives available in the literature. It is recommended that a more refined subsurface groundwater movement mathematical formulation should be developed in the future.
The biographical canon and its overcoming in Osip Mandelstam’s autobiographical prose “The Noise of Time”
Authors: Kshondzer Maria K.
Published: February 2023

The Silver age culture involves the search for new forms in literature, poetry, and painting. Egodocuments reflect modernist trends particularly vividly in genres, such as diaries, epistolaries, and autobiographies, among others. Osip Mandelstam’s autobiographical prose “Noise of Time” is an attempt of the poet‘s creative self-expression, his desire to explain the world directly — through his own perception. Author’s direct word shows new forms of communication with the reader: associativity of the narrative, a special relationship with the text, when the reader as if restores the lost subtext moments, while the “sounding mold form” itself becomes the content. The foundations for Mandelstam’s autobiographical prose are his reflections that convey the state of the person staying in the socio-cultural space and seeking to objectify, to get away from his own biography and “to monitor the noise and germination of time”.
SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAN PIONEERS’ SETTLEMENT SYSTEM IN SIBERIA OF THE 17TH — 18TH CENTURIES OF TOBOL RIVER BASIN IN THE CONTEXT OF LANDSCAPE (GIS OPTICS)
Authors: Kostomarov Vladimir M. , Krestyannikov Kirill Yu.
Published: February 2023

The paper studies the settlement system of the Russian population in the middle and lower reaches of Tobol and its tributaries, which was formed in the first century after the Russian conquest of Siberia. The issue of settlement was described in several works, but the landscape paradigms were mentioned only indirectly. The article aims to study the settlement structure of the pioneers and the autochthonous population in a spatial aspect. The features of the landscape and relief confinement of settlements were studied using the cartographic materials by S. U. Remezov. The authors evaluated not only “cartoids’ from the point of view of source study and geography, but also the mapping of the events and facts reflected in Remezov’s maps. Moreover, having used GIS (geographic information system), a mathematically distinguished “urban area” was indicated, in addition to the main characteristics and settlement patterns of Russian villages and autochthonous population's yurts. The source itself is characterized through analysis of working with specific geographic information.
MANDRAKE IN THE PARADISE GARDEN: PLANT IMAGES IN V. NABOKOV’S STORY “THE ENCHANTER”
Authors: Drozdova Anastasiia O.
Published: February 2023

The paper is concerned with the plant images in V. Nabokov’s short story “The Enchanter”. We distinguish how plant imagery shapes the plot and the artistic world and characterizes the characters’ perception in the story. Our study aims to demonstrate the connection between the concepts of the natural, artificial, and unnatural in Nabokov’s aesthetic. The plant images are associated with all the three concepts: they 1) underscore the innocence of the child who becomes the victim of the maniac character; 2) refer to the others’ artistic worlds; 3) depict the corrupt fantasy of the main character. Structural-semiotic analysis allows us to determine four groups of plant images: 1) euphemistic; 2) spatial; 3) portrait; 4) images of the fantasy plants. Plant images are verbalized from the standpoint of both the main character and the third person omniscient, while poetical metaphors are combined with the Freudian clichés. The plant imagery emphasizes the parasitic nature of the main character’s fantasy and highlights the unsuccess of his language strategy to hide the banality by using the poetical commonplaces. In this paper, we compare the image of the girl-plant with the monstrous flower from H. Ewers’ novel Alraune and I. Bunin’s poem “Mandrake”. Plant images enable V. Nabokov to contrast the language and perceptual sensitiveness with the utilitarian attitude to the beauty, assessed by the writer as unnatural. Nature and creativity have the common patterns: Nabokov emphasizes that the maniac character, aestheticizing his crime, betrays himself by his disregard for the language rules.