bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF FLOWER FARMS IN NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kandie Diana , Dr. Abel
Published: June 2024

Managing the knowledge of an organization contributes to its competitive advantage. It has been tested elsewhere that knowledge management relates to competitive advantage, but not to farms in Nakuru County, Kenya. The project therefore set out to assess how knowledge management relates to competitive advantage as regards to farms doing flower growing in the identified area of Nakuru County in Kenya. This study mainly concerned evaluation of the effects of knowledge management dimensions, which included conversion, application, acquisition and protection on competitive advantage. This study applied descriptive survey research approach. The target population included 839 workers from 14 flower farms in Molo County. Consistency of factors was tested in an attempt to understand the research tool reliability. Content validity was determined by the researcher in collaboration with the supervisor and the opinion of an expert and tests on the instruments. Data was collected by questionnaire. The obtained data evaluated using SPSS to derive descriptive statistics, which included measures of central tendency, tables and graphs. The descriptive statistics affirmed Knowledge acquisition, knowledge conversion, knowledge application, knowledge protection, and competitive advantage among the firms. Inferential regression analysis was done, in which the independent variables were the knowledge management dimensions that included knowledge acquisition, knowledge conversion, knowledge application and knowledge protection, while the dependent variable was competitive advantage. The tests results showed that 25.4% of the total variation in the measurement of competitive advantage was explained by knowledge management. Further, the F-value of 6.716, p-value (0.000) < 0.05 level of significance (2-tailed) indicated that there was a statistically significant relationship between knowledge management and competitive advantage at the 95% confidence level. Thus, knowledge management influenced competitive advantage among the flower firms. The study will help flower industry stakeholders, including flower farm workers and managers understand the value of establishing knowledge management skills for a sustainable competitive advantage. Research results can act as a self-assessment tool for knowledge management capabilities to increase an organization's competitive advantage. The research findings and recommendations will be of great relevance to flower farm management to understand the value of knowledge management capabilities and how they improve the efficiency and innovation of their operations.
Conservation compendium. Part 8: Bond timbers in old brickwork
Authors: Hurst Lawrance , Dutton Andrew
Published: June 2024

This article focuses on the phenomenon of 'bond timbers', which were commonly built into masonry walls from the late 17th to the early 19th century. Guidance is offered to engineers who may encounter these when working on an existing building.
Structural engineering is an exceptionally creative problem-solving profession. How might the formative education of structural engineers be tailored to reflect this fact?
Authors: Keane Eamonn
Published: June 2024

In his winning entry to the Institution's 2015 Kenneth Severn Award, Eamonn Keane answers the question set by the President: Structural engineering is an exceptionally creative problem-solving profession. How might the formative education of structural engineers be tailored to reflect this fact?
Managing Health & Safety Risks (No. 41): Safe demolition
Authors:   The Institution of Structural Engineers' Health and Safety Panel
Published: June 2024

This article provides brief guidance on the planning of a demolition project, as well some appropriate techniques and methods to ensure that on-site safety is prioritised.
Adapting a Teaching Method to Fit Purpose and Context
Authors:   Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Glessmer Mirjam , Bovill Catherine , Daae Kjersti
Published: June 2024

Both in the literature and in teacher training, teaching methods are often presented as highly structured with explicit phases and durations (Møgelvang, 2023), sometimes even with flow charts to follow (see, e.g., Lasry et al., 2008). Because engaged teachers want to optimize conditions for student learning, this can lead to the misunderstanding that there is one correct way of using a method. But from many studies (e.g., Schneider and Preckel, 2017), we know that it does not matter so much what method a teacher uses, as long as it is used intentionally and well. We are writing this column to encourage instructors to experiment with teaching methods and to adapt methods to their specific contexts and purposes.
THE EFFECT OF TAXPAYERS’ ATTITUDES, SUBJECTIVE NORMS AND PERCEIVED BEHAVIORAL CONTROL ON INDIVIDUAL TAX COMPLIANCE MODERATED BY RELIGIOSITY IN SURABAYA
Authors: Alimbudiono Dr. Ria Sandra , Jie Mellyana
Published: June 2024

Religiosity has become specifically important for thoughts, cultures and societies. One of the non-economic factors that is often omitted by researchers is religiosity, that is, the religiosity values held by individuals that can effectively prevent negative attitudes and encourage positive attitudes of individuals. This research is concerned with the effect of attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control perceived by taxpayers on personal tax compliance moderated by religiosity in Surabaya. This research took a sample for 200 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. This research represented that religiosity is a moderating variable that affects tax compliance when provided independent variables such as attitude, subjective norms and behavioral control. However, when religiosity is not provided as a moderating variable, perceived behavioral control does not affect tax compliance, while attitudes and subjective norms still affect tax compliance. This research also recommends to incorporate religious aspects when it comes to high tax compliance.
THE CONCEPT OF GOD’S VICE-REGENT THROUGH AL-TSA’LABY AL-MAGHRIBY AL-MALIKI PERCEPTION ON JAWAHIR AL HISAAN COMMENTARY
Authors: Nawal Ahmad Faidlun
Published: June 2024

There are many misconceptions about the concept of God's vice-regent in the true meaning. It concerns the initial concept that a word contains, which is one of several causes that result in a change of meaning. If this continues, it will give new meaning and make the meaning of the word no longer identified, or has disappeared. The objectives of this research are to find out the definition and characteristics of God's vice-regent according to Imam al-Tsa'laby al-Maghriby al-Maliki which he was famous for his guardianship in his time, and to find out Imam al-Tsa'laby's perception of God's vice-regent. In addition, to find the relevance and contextualization of Imam al-Tsa'laby al-Maghriby al-Maliki's thoughts that are studied in the current context. This research used a qualitative approach that is more descriptive and library research, and the data sources that researchers use are divided into two, (1) primary sources, Jawahir al-Hisaan commentary; (2) secondary sources, which are literature that supports primary data obtained from books related to God's vice-regent. The results of this research indicated that the basic principles in understanding the God's vice-regent are believers who have obedience and worship of God, and whoever believes and fears God, then he belongs to the God's vice-regent, and this is required by sharia in the vice-regent, who has no fear of the hereafter, and perhaps in this world, they do not fear anyone from the inhabitants of this world, nor from its symptoms, and they do not grieve for those they miss from it.
THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT TO THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SERVICES
Authors: Kriekhoff Shella
Published: June 2024

The application of information and communication technology in the public sector in order to improve the quality service to the public is indispensable. Since the government is required to implement good governance and improve the quality of public services, it has become a driving force in the application of electronic government as a system that uses information technology in government agencies, including the Population and Civil Registry Office Ambon. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effect of the application of electronic government to the quality of public services at the Population and Civil Registry Office Ambon. The method used in the research is simple linear regression analysis. In addition, the retrieval technique used a census technique in which 35 populations were sampled in this research. Those people derived from consumers who have received services from the Population and Civil Registry Office Ambon. Furthermore, the result of this research indicated that there is a significant effect between the application of e-government and improving the quality of public services at the Population and Civil Registry Office Ambon, it is proven by significant results by comparing the amount of the t-count value of 8.363 and the t-table value of 1.684 (t-count 8.363> t-table 1.684). In addition, e-government contributes 67.9% to the quality of public services while the rest 32.1% is affected by other variables.
Increasing Lecturers’ Interest in Research and Community Service
Authors: Avianti Widiya , Utami Indri Putri
Published: June 2024

Tri Dharma Universities is the strength of the education world to develop all elements in this non-profit organization. The role of lecturers as human resources who produce quality graduates is needed. Lecturers’ quality development includes the ability to carry out the Tri dharma of higher education through teaching, research, and dedication to society. The importance of motivation and brainstorming is organized through workshop events, and time is not an obstacle, the concept of online workshops that present material about research and dedication to the society with the support of expert lecturers in the field of research as a resource person to increase lecturers' interest is an effective activity to develop lecturers’ interest and motivation to carry out Tri dharma in every term.
Development of a stage-based basic technique of playing soccer training model according to the 9–10 years age group for soccer school students
Authors: Adi Pomo Warih , Kustiawan Andri Arif
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The development of sports to achieve achievements begins with participation from childhood to adulthood which is regulated by government policy. Participation in sports and physical activity covers a wide range of contexts including prioritizing children's freedom of play to modifying sports to suit children's needs. In improving performance, coaching and development of sportsmen/athletes is needed. Training is the most important process to improve performance. A good training process must meet the indicators of the success of the training program, namely increasing training results, motivating the training process, increasing retention of the material or training content (retention), and encouraging students to apply the knowledge and skills learned.
Purpose: This study was to test the product effectiveness of the developed basic technique training model for playing soccer based on stages according to the 9–10 year old group.
Methods: The research design used was a research on the development of a basic technical training model for playing football using a research and development model (Research and Development) from Borg and Gall. The basic techniques used are juggling, passing, dribbling, shooting, heading and throw-in. The research sample was PSB Bonansa UNS Solo students totaling 8 students on a small scale and on a large scale totaling 30 students. Then tested the validity, reliability and comparison test (effectiveness test).
Results: The results showed that the value of Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05 which means there is a significant difference between before and after treatment in the 9–10 year age group. And it can be stated that there is an increase in skills in playing football in the age group of 9–10 years after being given training in the basic techniques of playing football based on stages.
Conclusion: The basic technique of playing soccer based on stages is effective for use in improving soccer playing skills according to the characteristics of children aged 9–10 years.
Post-operative rehabilitation and return to sport criteria following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction – a survey of physiotherapists in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ali Sara Atef , Aquino Cecilia Ferreira , Ammar Achraf , Arumugam Ashokan
Published: June 2024

Background. The rehabilitation and return to sport (RTS) criteria used after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction seem to vary between physiotherapists in different countries. However, no study has been conducted to investigate the post-operative rehabilitation and RTS criteria following ACL reconstruction used by physiotherapists in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Aim. The purpose of this study is to summarize the clinical practice and RTS criteria used by physiotherapists treating patients following ACL reconstruction in the UAE, and to investigate the factors associated with the commonly used RTS criteria.
Material and methods. An electronic survey questionnaire was distributed to UAE physiotherapists. The questionnaire included questions related to demographic information, clinical practice, and RTS criteria employed by UAE physiotherapists.
Results. A total of 108 physiotherapists voluntarily participated in the study. Approximately only 25% adhered to the established RTS criteria before RTS. About 88% of physiotherapists base their clearance decisions on how well they do in functional assessments like balance checks, hop tests, and running and sprinting biomechanics. A multidisciplinary team decided on the RTS clearance, according to 47% of physiotherapists. The most often utilized RTS criteria did not significantly correlate with parameters including academic standing, years of experience, nationality, specialty certification, or the type of license held by UAE physiotherapists, according to the study.
Conclusion. Most physiotherapists in the UAE were not adhering to the most recommended RTS criteria post-ACL reconstruction in their clinical practice, and none of the evaluated physiotherapist-related factors showed a significant association with RTS criteria following ACL reconstruction.
Play therapy through the eyes of families
Authors: Orhan Bekir Erhan , Astuti Yuni , Kartika Diana , Erianti  , Bakar Yusrizal , Haryanto Bayu
Published: June 2024

Study purpose. Play therapy practice prioritizes the child's role in the therapeutic process. Empirical research and clinical evidence extensively support the efficacy of play therapy in addressing various mental health concerns. Notably, play therapy is a universally accessible intervention, transcending cultural and linguistic barriers, thus providing individuals of all ages, backgrounds, and communication styles with a unique platform for self-expression and exploration.
Material and methods. Metaphor studies have emerged as a valuable tool for families with children undergoing play therapy, offering them a means to articulate their experiences meaningfully.
Result. This study delves into the significance of play therapy in children's lives by examining family perspectives expressed through metaphors. Using a qualitative research model, we conducted a systematic content analysis to examine the data collected through these metaphors. The research sample comprises children from 100 families participating in play therapy sessions tailored to meet their specific needs in Istanbul. A total of 9 themes emerged. The themes that emerged from the study encompass various dimensions of play therapy's impact on children's lives, including Play/Entertainment, Necessity, Learning/Education, Imagination/Fantasy, Communication/Expression, Development, Emotions/Feelings, Social Interaction, Health, and Creativity.
Conclusion. In conclusion, synthesising research findings underscores play therapy's holistic and multifaceted influence on child development and well-being. By integrating enjoyable activities, fostering cognitive growth, facilitating social interaction, encouraging emotional expression, and promoting physical and mental well-being, play therapy interventions offer a comprehensive framework for nurturing children's holistic development and well-being.
Injuries in the context of physical education: A systematic literature review
Authors: Graha Ali Satia , Ridwan Ahmad , Nurhadi Farid Imam , Perkasa Betrix Teofa , Yachsie Wibafied Billy , Cakrawati Titis Dewi
Published: June 2024

To shed light on the types, frequencies, and contributing causes of injuries in the field of physical education, this study explores the complex dynamics of injuries in this setting. The research offered significant insights that support improving safety procedures and maximizing the learning environment in physical education settings by carefully examining the body of existing literature. This research aimed to conduct a systematic literature review on injuries in the context of physical education. The study employed a systematic literature review method following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses) guidelines. A total of 15 articles published between 2019 and 2023 was included in the literature review, sourced from PubMed, ERIC, and EBSCO. The data collection involved literature search using Boolean operators with keywords "injuries in physical education" and "injury prevention," as well as the establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using a qualitative approach. The research encompassed various topics such as joint injuries, fall related injuries, compliance with physical activity guidelines, fatigue, injury prevalence, and injury prevention behaviors. The research method in the included studies encompassed surveys, randomized control trials (RCTs), experiments, cohort studies, quasi experiments, observational studies, and ex post facto studies. In conclusion, injuries in the context of physical education were serious issued that could impact the health and well being of students. It is crucial to understand the types and causes of injuries to plan the prevention measures among students. Physical education teachers need training in injury prevention, especially during instructional activities, and students should be educated about safe behaviors.
Computer coach of the top team in PIRS technology
Authors: Polozov A. A. , Maltseva N. A.
Published: June 2024

Relevance. The development of digital technologies, in the current reality, is present in almost all of the TyPFC previously published articles related to the PIRS methodology. Any game of the masters team is focused on obtaining a positive result in the ratio of goals scored (H) and goals conceded (N). The total difference of the team is decomposed into the difference of the Z - Pi of the players who make up the team. The purpose of this work is to obtain the maximum possible result of the game through the calculation of profitable exchanges.Methods and organization of research. Converting Si-Pi into player ratings, teams allows you to compare them for teams that have not previously met. PIRS technology has been repeatedly published both in Russia and abroad. She forms the scenario of the next meeting from the differences, restrictions on martial arts, combinations. However, she has not been online so far. That is, the player is required to remember in advance who he is playing with in defense, which combination is suitable for this opponent's alignment, etc.). Currently, the authors are transferring technology to online mode, and the article is devoted to joint work on this technology with the Russian national futsal team from 2012 to 2018.The results of the study and their discussion. There is a limit to the level of result that can be achieved by one team in a match with another. Usually, this resource is used by 67%, and it is difficult to implement it by 100% due to the need to organize coordinated actions by a large number of players. The algorithm I created allows you to get into these 100%. However, the main advantage is that an IT solution is desirable. Manual data collection during the game is difficult. We need to translate the image of the game into a two-dimensional plane and interpret more than 50 types of martial arts. If this task is completed, then it is possible to occupy the entire market of digital analytics of gaming sports. However, to get such a solution – the computer does not keep up with the real pace of the game.Conclusions. The main problem with all IT products for sports is that they were made by IT specialists in order to sell. Not scientists in order to solve the problem, but IT specialists for sale. As a result, the resulting figures are not only useless, but also create information garbage in the coach's head. At the same time, all IT products do not involve transferring the analysis of the previous match to the next one. This mission will be forwarded to the coach.
RESPON TANAMAN TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.) WHITE BURLEY LUMAJANG VARIETAS TN 90 SETELAH APLIKASI PGPR
Authors: Sagita Radea Lover , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: June 2024

Produksi tanaman tembakau memiliki kontribusi yang cukup besar sebagai pendapatan negara. Terdapat masalah khususnya pada proses budidaya tanaman tembakau tidak sedikit dari petani masih menggunakan bahan ataupun pupuk kimia (anorganik) yang menyebabkan kualitas tanah menjadi masam. Alternatif solusi dari penggunaan pupuk kimia salah satunya dengan pemberian PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) White Burley Lumajang Varietas TN 90. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Non Faktorial (RAKNF) dengan menggunakan 4 perlakuan, meliputi (kontrol menggunakan pupuk NPK, Za dan KNO3, PGPR konsentrasi 30 ml/l, PGPR konsentrasi 60 ml/l, PGPR konsentrasi 90 ml/l). Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNT 5%. Pemberian PGPR dengan berbagai konsentrasi (30 ml/L, 60 ml/L dan 90 ml/L)  tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata pada parameter pengamatan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang pada tembakau White Burley Lumajang varietas TN 90, sehingga disarankan ada penelitian lebih lanjut tentang penambahan konsentrasi pemberian PGPR yang akan diaplikasikan pada tembakau.
Women in Climate Change Crises Solutions: Centrality and Empowerment for Resilience
Authors: Azu Victoria N.
Published: June 2024

This study examines the crucial role played by women in fighting climate change crises and underscores the urgent need for their empowerment. Recognizing the complex challenges faced by women, including health risks, violence, displacement, and limited access to resources, the study delves into the underlying systemic factors intensifying their vulnerability. While adopting Radical Feminism theory as a lens, we acknowledge the importance of considering intersecting factors such as race, class, and geography in understanding women's experiences. Drawing from a comprehensive analysis of secondary sources, the study explores the ways in which women, despite their vulnerability, emerge as key agents of adaptation and resilience. Through their traditional roles in resource management and caregiving, women often lead efforts to mitigate environmental degradation and develop adaptive strategies in the aftermath of crises. Notably, our findings highlight the relationship between female leadership and effective crisis response, as evidenced by the instantaneous and decisive actions taken by states led by women during the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of these insights, the study proposes plausible recommendations for empowering women in the face of climate change crises. These include the establishment of gender-sensitive projects, support for women in green economies, and the promotion of women's participation in decision-making processes. Moreover, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating gender considerations into resilience-building efforts and increasing funding for initiatives addressing gender-specific vulnerabilities. By amplifying the centrality of women in climate change solutions and advocating for their empowerment, the study aims to foster greater resilience in the face of environmental challenges.
Ein neuer Ansatz der EU-Demokratieförderung für die EU-Nachbarschaftspolitik: Ambitionen, Konzepte, Lernkurven
Authors: Gawrich Andrea , Schöppner Fabian , Achrainer Christian , Pace Michelle
Published: June 2024

The efforts of the European Union (EU) to promote democracy abroad has come under increasing pressure, especially in the countries of its Eastern and Southern Neighbourhoods. Even prior to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the Israel-Hamas War in 2023, liberal democracies were contested as a political model for governance. Against this background, this article proposes a new analytical concept and introduces a novel approach to improve democracy support reproduced in the form of a democracy learning loop. This article presents the current challenges of democracy support policies and advances fundamental ideas for how the EU can overcome such points of contention.
Politisches Vertrauen in Europa im Kontext von Mehrebenenstruktur und Polarisierung: Konzeptionelle Überlegungen
Authors: Braun Daniela , Kaeding Michael
Published: June 2024

European democracy is undergoing profound change. The various crises of the past 15 years and the transformations associated with modernisation, globalisation, geopolitics and Europeanisation are threatening the trust of citizens in political actors and institutions and the legitimacy of the EU multi-level system. This goes hand in hand with the polarisation of European societies. In order to counter these developments, the problems of trust and legitimacy must be better researched. This is where the ActEU research project “Towards a new era of representative democracy. Activating European Citizens’ Trust in Times of Crises and Polarisation” comes in. This article provides an overview of the underlying conceptual considerations of the Horizon Europe project.
Perspective Chapter: Crosstalk between Bone Metabolism and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Berisha-Muharremi Venera
Published: June 2024

Bone has traditionally been considered a passive organ, serving only as a scaffold for other organs and the entire body. However, over the past few years, an increasing number of studies have highlighted its function as an endocrine organ regulating energy and adipose tissue metabolism by producing undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC). In mice, ucOC administration through different routes has been explored for its potential as a therapeutic or preventive method for reducing adipocyte size and normalising glucose homeostasis. The discovery of these endocrine properties of ucOC in rodent models for obesity prevention and treatment necessitates evaluating the association of ucOC with insulin resistance and obesity-related parameters in humans. This study aimed to investigate the association between total osteocalcin and ucOC, which is proposed as the active form in rodent models, with glucose metabolism markers, insulin resistance, and obesity-related parameters (i.e. Haemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance evaluated by homeostasis model assessment) in individuals who are overweight or obese. This study concluded the possible correlation of ucOC, with insulin resistance and highlights that waist/hip ratio can be a predictor of ucOC.
Role of Biotic and Abiotic Factors for Sustainable Cotton Production
Authors: Hussain Mehboob , Gao Xi , Qin Deqiang , Qin Xiaoping , Wu Guoxing
Published: June 2024

Climate is changing globally nowadays because of extensive crucial human activities. This state along with stark in weather measures ultimately affecting the development and growth of crops due to various kinds of stressful field condition at the same time including biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, various biotic factors including pathogens, weeds and pests and abiotic factors including temperature, humidity and drought etc. are involved in reduction of cotton yield due to which cotton production significantly reduced. Various biotic factors have direct effect on the cotton production and caused significant reduction in cotton crop yield estimated up to 10 to 30%, while as abiotic factors are even worse than biotic stresses and could cause 50% reduction. So, effective agronomic practices, optimal climate and integrated pest management leads to fruitful crop production to cover this yield gap. This chapter will be broadly useful to design projects aimed with inter and intra-disciplinary collaboration for sustainable cotton production.
Modeling Growth and Yield of Crops Using Different Tillage Systems
Authors: Ogbeche Odey Simon , Segun Bello Raphael
Published: June 2024

Tillage, an integral component of crop production systems, affects crops growth and yield. Different experiments conducted by researchers on diverse tillage systems, and proposal of different models for predicting crops output were presented. Estimating plant yield has positive value for sustainable development. The number of factors determining crop productivity makes modeling crop production challenging task. Forecasting crop production is challenging, requiring making inferences on future performance based on past conditions. Farmers focus on yield as cropping commences. Formerly, yield prediction was calculated by analyzing farmer\'s previous experience on particular crop. Finite model equations are used to predict output of crops during cultivation provided soil physical properties and their growth parameters are revealed. Different tillage systems including conventional, conservative, reduced, zero, mulch, ridge, minimum and strip in predicting crops growth and yield were discussed. Notable models for predicting growth and yield of crops using different tillage systems were highlighted. Yield of crops is estimated during cultivation provided soil physical properties, climate conditions, and growth parameters of crops are known. Modern farming, utilizing model equations for estimating output, using soil physical properties, climate conditions and relevant parameters of tillage systems are recommended for improvement in crop production depending on soil types.
Advanced System Diagnostics Tools: Innovations and Applications
Authors: H. Suhail Adeel , M. Guangul Fiseha , Nazeer Abdul
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the evolution and significance of advanced diagnostics tools in complex system management, emphasizing the shift toward integrated, intelligent, and predictive diagnostics. It covers the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring, and the integration of sensor technologies with the Internet of Things (IoT). The text examines the use of diagnostic tools in various fields, including mechanical, electrical, software, and network systems, with specific attention to industry applications in automotive, aerospace, and healthcare sectors. These examples illustrate how diagnostics are transforming these industries by enhancing efficiency, safety, and reliability. The chapter also discusses the role of diagnostics in system design, the importance of built-in diagnostics, and the challenges of managing and interpreting the large volumes of data these tools generate. It highlights innovative data analysis and visualization techniques and looks ahead to future trends in diagnostics, such as the potential impact of quantum computing and concerns over cybersecurity and data privacy. Overall, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future directions of advanced system diagnostics.
High-Order Harmonic Generation in 1D Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Zurrón-Cifuentes Óscar , Plaja Luis
Published: June 2024

A comprehensive theoretical investigation of the process of high-order harmonic generation induced by intense few-cycle infrared laser pulses in one-dimensional single-wall carbon nanotubes is presented. The resulting emission spectra exhibit a non-perturbative plateau at high intensities. However, unlike more conventional systems such as atoms, molecules, or bulk solids, there is no simple scaling law governing the relationship between the cut-off frequency and the intensity. The interpretation of this distinctive behavior provides insights into the fundamental mechanism underlying high-order harmonic generation in these low-dimensional carbon allotropes. Employing a model for the emission dipole based on the saddle-point approximation, the study demonstrates that the initial step of harmonic emission is closely linked to the singular geometry of the band structure. This mechanism bears remarkable similarity to that observed in graphene but differs from the tunneling ionization/excitation process observed in gas systems and materials with finite band gaps. Notably, the pivotal role played by van Hove singularities in the generation of electron-hole pairs is demonstrated.
Knowledge, Influence and Accountability: A Study of Political‒Administrative Relations and Civil Servant Influence on Two Rural Swedish Citizen Dialogues
Authors: Lund Pontus
Published: June 2024

One of the current challenges of democracy is the increasing complexity of governing and, consequently, increasing civil servant influence at the expense of elected representatives. This is also affected by what politician–civil servant relations look like and by contextual aspects, although knowledge about the extent and impact of this influence is selective. Thus, this paper examines civil servants’ influence in evidently complex and resource-intensive processes by conducting a study of citizen dialogues in two rural Swedish municipalities. Expectedly, traits of this context can be recognised throughout the results. The findings point to the position of the involved civil servants as important to the level of civil servant influence in these processes. They further suggest that process complexity may contribute to amplifying already high civil servant influence. However, they also confirm expectations about civil servants’ dispositions towards political legitimate processes, which appeared to dampen the impact of the skewed influence. I conclude that, with these contextual preconditions, the studied form of process can potentially increase civil servant influence. I also argue that, given the size and form of this study, this highlights the need for further studies in local rural contexts and local politician–civil servant relations.
Recursos Educativos Abiertos Comunitarios
Authors: Garcés Báez Alfonso
Published: June 2024

Los Recursos Educativos Abiertos (REA) pueden ser la columna vertebral de la educación abierta que permita la interacción entre autores y lectores con perfil autodidacta, en un ambiente asíncrono y no presencial a través de objetos digitales. Los REA agrupan a personas interesadas en torno a una temática permitiendo que puedan utilizarse los contenidos y, en el caso de la Tecnologías de la Información, que se puedan utilizar libremente los códigos respetando la autoría. Lo que se enfatiza en el presente trabajo son las comunidades que se forman en torno a las plataformas, herramientas de desarrollo, protocolos y, principalmente, la estructura de los contenidos que debe identificar a dicha comunidad.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF CONTROLLED COOLING SYSTEM FOR DAIRY AND FOOD PRODUCTS: PRESENT NEED
Authors: Rathva Dr. Arpita , Patel Dr. Sunil , Prajapati Er. Ravi , Chauhan Dr. I. A. , Ramani Dr. Krupa
Published: June 2024

This paper presents present need for design and development of controlled cooling system for dairy products. Rheology of many dairy products are controlled by controlled cooling. Textural properties of most of dairy products are very important from consumers view point. Controlled cooling of ghee is very important to have different textural properties of ghee suitable for specific applications like, for ghari, beeryani, ladoo, application on chapati etc. But, in most of the dairies ghee is being cooled by default in the ghee kettle in all the season, which gives variation in the textural properties. Similarly, khoa which is the base for many khoa based sweets needs to develop controlled cooling system to have better textural properties. There are different verities of khoa i.e. dhap, pindi, & danedar, different verities of khoa has different textural properties and specific verities of khoa are used for making specific verities of khoa based sweets with better rheological properties, but still we need to develop controlled cooling system for khoa. Similarly, many other dairy products need controlled cooling system to offer better rheological and textural properties desired by consumer
LACTOSE-FREE DAIRY PRODUCTS
Authors: Dasriya Vaishali , Agrawal Ankur , Sharma Aakash , Sharma Monika
Published: June 2024

Lactose hydrolysed dairy products have grown popularity in recent years, particularly among lactose intolerant people. Their production, however, poses a number of challenges and opportunities for the food industry. The hydrolysis process involves the controlled breakdown of lactose into glucose and galactose using specific enzymes. Choosing the right enzymes and process parameters is critical for achieving optimal hydrolysis and minimising the formation of undesirable compounds that can have an impact on the product's quality and properties. Furthermore, using lactose-free milk as a starting material has an impact on processing steps and sensory properties. Producing lactose hydrolysed dairy products necessitates specialised equipment and facilities, which can be prohibitively expensive for small and medium-sized businesses. Furthermore, shelf-life and stability can be difficult because they are more prone to browning and Maillard reactions, as well as microbial spoilage. Despite this, the demand for lactose-free dairy products provides opportunities for the food industry to develop new and innovative products. Lactose hydrolysed dairy products have the potential to provide health benefits such as improved digestion and nutrient absorption, which can be marketed to health-conscious consumers. Creating value-added products, such as lactose-free cheese and ice cream, can also help to attract new customers and boost profits. To summarise, the production of lactose hydrolysed dairy products necessitates careful consideration of several factors, including the selection of appropriate enzymes, process parameters, and raw materials, as well as the use of specialised equipment and facilities. The potential health benefits and market opportunities for these products make them an appealing option for the food industry to investigate. Nonetheless, ongoing research and development are required to improve quality, stability, and cost-effectiveness in order to meet the changing needs of consumers.
ACOUSTIC SYSTEM FOR UNDER WATER COMMUNICATION
Authors: Kumar Mr. K. Shravan
Published: June 2024

The expanding use of underwater acoustic communications (UWAC) in industrial and military contexts underscores the need for robust communication security. Underwater acoustic networks (UWANs), which often operate autonomously over extended periods, pose a unique challenge due to the lack of encryption in UWAC packets caused by physical limitations. This exposes UWANs to threats like fraudulent messages. To address this, a novel algorithm for message authentication in UWANs is introduced. The algorithm capitalizes on the distinct spatial dependence of underwater acoustic channels, where attackers can imitate the channel associated with a legitimate transmitter for a limited set of receivers. Trusted nodes in the network collaborate with a central sink node to enhance authentication. The sink node combines evaluations from trusted nodes upon receiving each packet, based on estimated statistical channel attributes sensitive to transmitter-receiver placement shifts. The algorithm's effectiveness is supported by comprehensive simulation results, showcasing its accuracy in detecting malicious packets from potential attackers. Additionally, empirical evidence from a sea experiment validates the practicality and efficacy of the proposed approach in confirming message authenticity within underwater acoustic networks
WHY NOMA IS POWERED, ON 5G AND B5G?
Authors: Elayaraja C. , Elayaraja C. , Amali Dr. C.
Published: June 2024

As technology evolves and new developments occur in 5G and beyond, it is essential to refer to the latest research and industry developments for the most up-to-date information on NOMA and its role in powering future wireless communication networks to enhance energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency, capacity improvements, and power delay profile significantly in comparison. In fact, one of the promising technologies to improve the performance of 5G and beyond (B5G) networks is non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Future wireless communication technologies like 5G and B5G have undergone extensive research and evaluation as prospective possibilities, along with NOMA.
Project Based Learning Workshop for Panggang Island & Pramuka Island, Seribu Island PAUD Educators
Authors: Dhieni Nurbiana , Wulan Sri , Gunarti Winda , Sartika Dewi , Azka Haula Millati
Published: June 2024

This activity aims to increase the knowledge of 80% of teachers about the practice of Project Based Learning in early childhood education learning. The Project Based Learning workshop activities were held on Panggang and Pramuka islands, the Thousand Islands, and were attended by 14 teachers. The method uses lectures and workshop activities. The pre-test and post-test results showed that the average knowledge increased from 26.43 to 54.29. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test analysis, a p-value of 0.002 < 0.05 was obtained, which means that the level of knowledge of the respondents changed before and after the Project Based Learning workshop was conducted. So, it can be concluded that the implementation of the project based learning workshop has been carried out well, from planning to implementation. Apart from that, teachers are also enthusiastic about the activities that have been carried out and are able to participate in the activities well.
Advancements and Innovations in Elbow Orthoses: An Extensive Review of Design, Development, and Clinical Applications
Authors: Asadi Dereshgi Hamid , Biçer Sezer , Gürbüz Özge Naz , Demir Dilan
Published: June 2024

There are different types of elbow orthoses, medical devices engineered to support and stabilize the elbow joint, assisting in recovery from injuries or surgeries, and managing chronic conditions through movement restriction and essential immobilization. The development of elbow orthoses has evolved significantly from rudimentary splints in early medical practices to advanced, custom-fitted devices utilizing modern materials and biomechanical principles. This review provided researchers with a comprehensive overview of the history and development of elbow orthoses. It offered insights into the effectiveness, utilization, and clinical applications of different types of elbow orthotic designs. Additionally, this review contributed to the body of knowledge by comparing traditional and modern elbow orthotic technologies, offering valuable guidance for future research directions in this area of study. Furthermore, this review underscored the challenges and prospects within the field, paving the way for concerted endeavors among academics, healthcare practitioners, and industrial experts to propel the development of elbow orthotic technologies and improve patient results. Thus, researchers potentially could have developed more effective treatment strategies in clinical practice and improved the quality of life for patients.
Association between working condition and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among female garmentworkers in Khan Mean Chey, Phnom Penh City, Cambodia
Authors:   , Phally Try
Published: June 2024

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a serious public health issue in both industrialized and developing countries. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and the association between working conditions and MSDs among female garment workers in Khan Mean Chey, Phnom Penh city, Cambodia. A cross-sectional research design was conducted among 423 female garment workers. Data collection was convenient sampling through face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire consisted of socio demographics, working conditions, and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire for musculoskeletal symptoms assessment during the period between April and May 2022. Descriptive statistics was used to present the prevalence of MSDs. Chi-square and fisher exact test were used to examine the association between working conditions and MSDs. Variables with a p-value<0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Participants’ median (±SD) age was 33 (±8.12) years. Most of them graduated primary school was 51.8% with normal BMI (68.3%). The findings revealed that the most frequently affected regions were reported in the shoulder, followed by neck, and lower back, respectively. Among 70.7% of female garment workers with MSDs reported at least one musculoskeletal symptom during the previous 7 days and 12 months. In the previous 7 days, there were significant association between MSDs and exercise (p=0.044), medical condition (p=0.001), head position during working (p=0.011), temperature (p=0.035), and work’s heavy (p=0.014). In the previous 12 months, there were significant association between MSDs and age (p=0.017), alcohol drinking (p=0.016), chair without backrest (p=0.042), temperature (p=0.019), noise (p=0.003), not getting enough rest (p=0.046), and get pressure from manager (p=0.004). MSDs was commonly reported in shoulder, neck, and lower back, and was statistically significantly associated with working conditions. Ergonomic interventions are needed to improve workstation design, appropriate working posture, workplace behavior, work stress, work-rest cycle, and work environment among female workers in the garment industry.