bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a comprehensive ambulatory monitoring system for patients with atrial fibrillation after cardioembolic stroke
Authors: Efimova O. I. , Pavlova T. V. , Pyscheva L. V. , Khokhlunov S. M.
Published: April 2021

Aim. To improve the long-term outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardioembolic stroke by creating and testing a comprehensive ambulatory monitoring system.Material and methods. The present study included 139 AF patients after cardioembolic stroke for the period 2016-2019, of which 80 (57,55%) were women and 59 (42,45%) were men. The mean age of the patients was 72,25±6,33years. Before the hospital discharge, all patients signed an informed consent and were randomized into two groups. Patients of the group I (n=72) were followed up during the year in accordance with a specially developed comprehensive ambulatory monitoring system. This system included a rehabilitation program created individually for each patient, monthly visits to a physician-researcher, during which a complex of diagnostic tests was carried out. Also, the changes of complaints, symptoms, and medical adherence were assessed. The latter was corrected. A physician talked with the patient's relatives about the need to comply with the recommended medication regimen, supporting the motivation for treatment. Patients of group II (n=67) were followed up at the primary care level in accordance with the current program, and a control visit to was performed for them once — after 12 months.Results. After one-year follow-up, a significant decrease in all-cause mortality was obtained in the first group in comparison with the second one: 3 (4,17%) and 18 (26,87%) deaths, respectively (p=0,021).In addition, in group II, a relationship was found between the death and absence of anticoagulant therapy (odds ratio, 7,68; 95% confidence interval, 1,59-37,03; p=0,01). The ROC analysis confirmed the relationship between the absence of anticoagulant therapy and death, while the regression quality was good (area under the curve, 0,77, sensitivity — 94,74%, specificity — 59,17%).Conclusion. Comprehensive ambulatory monitoring program for AF patients after cardioembolic stroke has proven high effectiveness, and its widespread practice is an urgent task of modern healthcare.
Carbon sequestration by horticultural plants in East Calcutta Wetlands ecosystem, a Ramsar Site in India
Authors: Adhikari Shuvadip , Pal Sudin , Barik Anandamay , Chakraborty Sanjoy , Mukhopadhyay Subhra Kumar
Published: April 2021

East Calcutta Wetlands (ECW) located at the eastern fringe of Kolkata metropolitan, India designated as a Ramsar Site (No. 1208). ECW receives municipal solid wastes and composite wastewater from the city and local artisans use this for horticulture, agriculture and pisciculture practices.
Horticulture designated as ‘green industry’ sequester significant amount of carbon (C) in plant biomass and in soil, therefore, helps to mitigate greenhouse gases and combat against global climate change. Six horticultural plant species commonly cultivated in ECW ecosystems were
selected for present study. C sequestration potential of horticultural plants depends on plant biomass and plant density in cultivation fields. Highest amount of C was sequestered (40.76±6.73 ton ha-1) by ixora, a perennial plant in plant biomass. In case of basil, also a
perennial plant, significant portion of the living plant biomass was exported from ECW as economically important parts which constitute 5.79±0.96 ton ha-1 C. Highest amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) was recorded from marigold fields (50.36±24.88 ton ha-1)
which also constitute highest amount of C (34.37±5.67 ton ha-1) in residual parts (RP). Horticulture practices can sequester more amount of C in the ecosystem either by residual parts or remaining living plant biomass than agricultural practices.
Soap formation in biodiesel production: effect of water content on saponification reaction
Authors: Chanakaewsomboon Issara , Moollakorn Apichan
Published: April 2021

In biodiesel production, soap formation creates phase separation problem during purification process resulting in low the biodiesel yield and ester content. This research evaluates the effect of water contents (0.05-1 wt%) on the saponification reaction of refined palm oil (RPO). In
comparison, saponification of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) with varying water contents (0.05-1wt%) are determined. From a microscopic point view, soap should act as a mass-diffusion barrier affecting a lower reactant mass flux to the reaction zone. Regarding soap formation in biodiesel production,
the high-water content leads to soap formation in FAME and RPO due to hydrolysis, neutralization and saponification reaction. This work suggests that the soap formation behaviour in biodiesel production should be addressed; and thus, the optimal water content in raw material oils should be
determined.
Cyanobacteria of the Indian Sundarbans: A Potential Source of Powerful Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Basu Shayontani , Maruthanayagam Veerabadhran , Chakraborty Sandeep , Pramanik Arnab , Achari Anushree , Jaisankar Parasuraman , Mukherjee Joydeep
Published: April 2021

Mangrove forests occupy the estuarine ecotone and harbor a wide range of microorganisms along with a rich diversity of flora and fauna. Marine and estuarine organisms are known to produce unique molecules due to the aggressive, exigent, and competitive surroundings that are unlike those
produced in the terrestrial environment. Marine cyanobacteria are a vast resource for new bioactive natural products useful in the development of therapeutics. The Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem harbours various unique microorganisms having different interesting properties. Discovery of a unique
alkaline serine protease enzyme tolerant to bleach, detergent, high salt concentration and solvent, isolation and identification of obligatelyhalophilic,euryhaline novel cyanobacteria from intertidal soil surface of the Sundarbans and identification of a pair of novel Streptomyces represent
a few of the ongoing endeavors undertaken to explore the mostly untapped microbial diversity of the Sundarbans. This study focuses on two novel strains of cyanobacteria isolated from the intertidal soil surface biofilm of the Indian Sundarbans, which were cultivated on a large scale to yield
a significant quantity of biomass for the extraction of secondary metabolites. The cyanobacterial biomass was extracted with a range of polar and non-polar solvents and the ethyl acetate fractions showed significant anti- angiogenic activity when tested against sunitinib (a protein kinase
inhibitor). The extracts also showed significantly greater anti- inflammatory activity compared to dexamethasone, which has been shown to reduce the 28 day mortality rate of patients affected by COVID- 19.
Re-Mapping Culture and Identity: Diasporic Theorisation and Dislocation Strain in the Selected Poems of Agha Shahid Ali
Authors: Banerjee Ayanita
Published: April 2021

Diasporic writings occupy a place of great significance between countries and cultures, mostly as a response to their lost homes. Addressing the predominant issues of dislocation, nostalgia, discrimination, survival, cultural change and identity-crisis, dislocation is one of the stern
feelings that rip apart the diaspora community. When people find themselves dislocated from their native strain, their mental trauma haunts them incessantly, and they strive to re-locate themselves by remembering their nostalgic past. The earnest quest for self identity remains the central
praxis for an individual’s social existence. But how to reach to its end –either by retreating from the world into one’s shelled cocoon or by adopting moderate adherence to Westernization remains much a debatable concern to be answered by nations as well as by the individuals
at large. Diasporic literature deals with these experiences of migration and exile, cultural or geographical displacement and the diasporic writers often remain preoccupied with the elements of nostalgia seeking to re-locate themselves in new cultures. Agha Shahid Ali is a Kashmiri poet, who
despite being a migrant to USA transcends all geographical, national, and cultural boundaries by the dint of his sheer poetic brilliance. He articulates vehemently his diaspora experiences of “loss and exile” in his poetry and as a visionary integrates the global and the local.
In this paper my aim is to represent how literature and culture inter-relates to form the basis of an independent original expression and in turn reflect the problems and aspirations of an individual’s existence in the society. Ali the eminent Indian poet represents his earnest urge
to relocate his Self amidst “cultural hybridization” asserting his transnational identity to transform ‘violent cartographies’ to ‘The Ghat of the Only World’.
The Effect of Online Teaching and Learning in Primary School Kids — A Changed Education Scenario in 2020 India.
Authors: Sarka Kriti , Chatterjee Avishikta , Satyam Kumar , Paul Anushka , Mallick Rupnath
Published: April 2021

Online medium of conducting education was previously there but was never chosen up on the conventional method. But the covid-19 pandemic had left no other options of conducting education. It has become a big step in the developing history of India. If this medium of learning is utilized
to its fullest success can be achieved easily. Usually what was restricted to some course and degrees now includes the whole educational system. Since the beginning of the year 2020 there has been a sudden shift in the education process after the COVID-19 the learning and teaching process
drastically changed towards the online and virtual based learning process. The online based learning that is the E-learning process became common and several schools and colleges started adapting it. It was not a very big of a problem since billions of people all over the world are familiar
with phones, laptops, and other digital devices which made it easier to attend this e-classes [Lone. A]. Not only education is advancing by the help of virtual meet, but also through the internet, a lot of effort and importance is given to the internet both by the students and by teachers.
Online based learning came to be quite handy proved to be a useful way of learning and teaching. Free online courses are leading students and showing opportunities to upgrade themselves, this eventually helps the students to plan a better future for themselves. Not only education is advancing
by the help of virtual meet, but also through the internet, a lot of effort and importance is given to the internet both by the students and by teachers. A new world of studies is advancing i.e., the virtual world. Several online courses are making there way through by providing certified
certificates to the students and other learners, one of the top website among them is coursera. Free online courses are leading students and showing opportunities to upgrade themselves and to become even more advance. This eventually helps the students to plan a better future for themselves.
This research paper is mainly aimed making people understand the new emerging model of educational system by putting light on its various aspects. This is a big step in the developing history of India. But keeping in mind the technological infrastructure of our country this new model is restricted
to some portions. This technological lack is keeping the non-accessors a step behind the accessors.
Analyzing Language Acquisition by a Child’s Brain
Authors: Roy Subhadip
Published: April 2021

This paper tries to reflect on theories and experimental findings examining language learning, comprehension, and genesis by children. It peeks into child psychology probing innate linguistic intelligence: how infants find the words within the acoustic stream that serves as input to
language learning. This paper also investigates how children acquire the ability to interpret the relationships between chunks of speech and their meanings and sometimes, in a rare case, even create a new language when none of the existing ones are compatible. This paper digs deep into the
budding stages of a child’s brain when it just begins responding to stimuli from nervous triggers. Finally, it analyses how children map grammatical structure onto their perceived input, providing useful insights into how children extract, manipulate, and build up the complex structures
existing within natural languages.
A Brief Idea On The Importance Of First- Generation English Learners In The Contemporary Universe
Authors: Bhattacharyya Salini
Published: April 2021

English is a West German Language. Today millions of people around the world are learning English. English speakers currently outnumber native speakers and their numbers will keep increasing in the future. Non-native English speakers usually make errors in text and also vary in their
complexity. Over 600 million speakers use English as a second language (ESL) or English as a foreign language (EFL). English is the dominating language in the field of science and technology. Still, in this current situation, maximum population worldwide are comfortable in speaking in their
mother tongue and even don’t know a bit of the English language which is not letting them to make use of most of the resources around them as most of them are in English So my paper showers light on the importance of being a first-generation English learner in this modern world.
Public Relations and Networking Strategies as a tool to enhance Business Communication
Authors: Dasgupta Rohini , Das Sandipan , Barui Riya
Published: April 2021

“A vision without a strategy remains an illusion.”~ Lee BolmanEffective strategies and proper planning are the key instruments to achieve our goals. Strategic planning is important to any organisation because it provides a sense of direction and outlines measurable
goals. This tool is useful for taking decisive measures and evaluating progress. Hence, sketching proper strategies for successful business development and career growth is very important. In the Corporate World, communication is one of the essential building blocks of success for a Company
and hence planning strategies for enhancing Business Communication is very essential for the growth of the business. Effective business communication is how employees and management interact among each other to reach organizational goals and be more aligned with the core company values. Its
main purpose is to improve organizational practices, keep employees informed and reduce errors. Enhancing business communication is very important as it develops the Company as a whole and throws light on various scopes of achieving success. Public Speaking Skills and Networking Skills are
the two most important weapons for Business Communication and Corporate Development. Sketching effective public relations and networking strategies is, therefore, very essential and will help in the growth of one’s career. In this paper, various PR and Networking Strategies have been
discussed, which aims at enhancing Business Communication and hence will lead to effective business development and career growth.
Urban Planning in Response to Global Pandemic to Efficiently Absorb Pandemic Shocks: Psychological Aspect
Authors: Biswas Samapika Das , Mondol Zinia
Published: April 2021

Cities are a home to most of the population of the world. People move to cities from rural areas in search of job opportunities, education, better life facilities etc. which results in drastic rise in population in the cities. Because of the high population concentration and the economic
activities, cities are often hotspots for the faster and wider spread of any infectious related pandemic. The emergence of COVID-19 has once again made city planners to reflect on how prepared they are to control and manage a city during any pandemic and about life in cities post pandemic.This
paper focuses on highlighting the adverse impact of COVID-19 on the mental health and suggesting new ways to help prepare cities to manage the mental health crisis of the city population caused during any pandemic. We will try to understand the factors that leads to mental health distress
during any pandemic. Based on the understanding we will try to suggest some ways how city planners can plan and take necessary measures in order to cater for its population’s mental health. It is imperative for us all to understand that the root to being a successful nation is by having
healthy and efficient man force.The economic growth of a nation wholly depends on the human labor. No matter how developed a nation is, it still relies on human force to do its work, to run its machines and to grow. Hence, it is needed to make sure that the principal source of economic
growth is taken care of and is in good health both mentally and physically. Covid-19 has left the world and its way of functioning altered. Accepting and going by the “new normal” is also a challenge that the entire population of the world is now facing. In order for the population
to cope with the altered and post pandemic world, urban planning should be done in a way to efficiently absorb the pandemic shocks mentally.
MULTIVARIATE REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF BABIES BIRTH CHARACTERISTICS IN BAYELSA AND RIVERS STATES, NIGERIA
Authors: Joseph Dagogo , Oyinebifun Biu Emmanuel , Nduka Wonu
Published: April 2021

This research work used multivariate regression analysis to analyze babies’ birth measurements which is appropriate since there are several numbers of dependent variables and independent variables, usually the case in a real-life situation. The dependent variables [Lean Body Mass
(LBM) Y1 and Body Mass Index(BMI) Y2] for some fixed values of the independent variables Head Circumference (CM) X1, Age (Days) X2, Height (CM) X3 and Weight (Kg) X4]were collected. Furthermore, the work was able to fit a multivariate
regression model (MRM) to the data sets collected, estimated the model parameters and obtained matrices of the fitted coefficients with its residual matrices. Evaluating the significance of the multivariate regression model parameters, by using Bartlett’s approximation test statistic
to determine if any single variable Yi (Yi, i=1 and 2) is to be predicted from all the independent variables in the system. The research work was able to fit several multivariate regression models to the data obtained. From the models built, we notice that X2
(Age in Days) for model Y1 and also X1 [Head Circumference (CM)] and X2 (Age in Days) for model Y2 are not significant for female and male in Bayelsa State, while X2(Age in Days) for model Y2 is not significant for female and
male in Rivers State. This result confirms that there are some independent variables, that is ij ≠ 0 and shows that some independent variables explain the dependent variables.
COMPUTER-AIDED MODULAR INSTRUCTIONS IN PROBLEM SOLVING
Authors: Villar Ariel Gulla
Published: April 2021

This study is an experimental pre-test and post-test design which essentially needed to compare the effectiveness of Computer Aided Modular Instruction with the Traditional Method of teaching word problem involving fractions to the grade six (6) pupils of Gadgaran Integrated School,
Calbayog City, Samar during the school year 2019-2020.Computer aided modular instruction is a teaching technique that enable pupils interact with the lesson programmed to the computer given to the experimental group. The Traditional Method on the other hand, is a usual way of teaching composing
with lecture-discussion given to the control group. A single class consisting of regular grade six (6) pupils was chosen as the subject of the study. Their average grade is approaching proficiency level in Mathematics subject during the first grading period both of experimental and control
group. They were randomly assigned and chosen using odd or even technique. The instrument used in this study was researcher made test in Mathematics and was carefully validated. The content topics in the Computer Aided Modules were based on the DepEd Learning competencies set for the grade
six level. These are further checked and validated by the Mathematics teachers of Calbayog IV District, Division of Calbayog City. The evaluation survey questionnaire on pupils’ difficulties, reactions and attitudes towards Computer Aided Modular Instruction was adapted from the study
of Saladaña on SIM-Based Instruction. The questionnaires were revised by the present researcher of this study. The control and experimental group have significant mean difference in the pre-test and post-test scores but have no significant mean difference in the mean percentage gain
of scores. The Computer Aided Modular Instructions and the Conventional Method of Instruction resulted for the same level of achievement for the pupils with slight challenges on the part of pupils and facility in teaching of the teachers. Based on the result it was recommended on the implementation
and adaptation of this strategy into the classroom utilizing Computer Aided Instruction in enhancing the better-learning output.
A “NEW NORMAL” APPROACH IN POST-COVID19 ERA: ONLINE HEALTHCARE TESTING STRATEGY
Authors: Dey Joydeep
Published: April 2021

The novel corona virus had shattered the entire living world. Its fast spreading transmission is still not under control. In this new normal post- Corona Virus Disease (COVID), Telemedicine is the safest mode of getting health services being confined within homes. Patients can easily
consult their doctors through telemedicine software. Thus, the risks of getting COVID attacks at hospitals are completely eradicated. It ensures treatments along with social-distancing parameters. Testing is an integral component of such telemedicine software. White box testing plays a pivotal
in developing such online healthcare software. It is done with intent to locate all hidden errors inside the Telemedicine system. This paper presents a testing strategy on online healthcare software in this post COVID context. It is useful for the software engineers who are engaged in developing
such COVID online healthcare software for preserving the patients’ data security.
E-SUPER EDGE MAGIC LABELING ON SOME CLASSES OF GRAPHS
Authors: Sindhu M. , Kumar S. Chandra
Published: April 2021

A (p,q) graph G with p vertices and q edges, a bijection f: V(G) ∪ E(G) → {1,2, … . p + q} is called edge magic labeling of G if f(u) + f(uv) + f(V) = k, a constant for
any edge uv of G.G is known as E-super edge magic if f(E(G)) = {1,2, … q}. Herein, we explore some classes of E-super edge-magic graphs.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO RESOLVING MIXED DNA SAMPLES BY USING LINEAR MIXTURE ANALYSIS
Authors: Chowdhury Pranjal , Paul Sourav , Sarkar Partho Protim , Chando Miso Dhar , Chowdhury Prinkle
Published: April 2021

The advent of PCR-based STR writing systems, mixed samples is separated into their individual polymer profiles. Quantitative peak data will facilitate during this analysis. Despite such advances, rhetorical mixture analysis still remains a arduous art, with the high value and energy
usually precluding timely reportage.We introduce here a replacement machine-driven approach to partitioning rhetorical polymer mixtures. Our linear mixture analysis (LMA) may be a easy mathematical approach that may integrate all the quantitative PCR knowledge into one fast computation.
LMA has application to numerous mixture issues. As incontestable here on laboratory STR knowledge, LMA will assess the standard and utility of its solutions. Such fast and sturdy ways for computer-based analysis of polymer mixtures could facilitate in reducing crime.
Extrato de estudo em História da Psiquiatria: o fetichismo na Psychopathia Sexualis de Richard von Krafft-Ebing
Authors: Simião Anna Rita Maciel , Simanke Richard Theisen
Published: April 2021

Em 1886, o psiquiatra Richard von Krafft-Ebing lançou a Psychopathia Sexualis, primeiro manual de diagnóstico de perversões sexuais e se tornou o responsável por articular uma nova perspectiva para o estudo da sexualidade. Sua abordagem atravessou séculos e até hoje tem consequências diretas na ideia de sexualidade humana contemporânea. Este estudo pretende retomar a história do conceito de fetichismo dentro da Psychopathia Sexualis para demonstrar como, na teoria psiquiátrica de Krafft-Ebing, o fetichismo se tornou mais do que uma patologia ou peculiaridade sexual, passando a designar a manifestação inicial do processo do instinto sexual nos seres humanos, convertendo-se em um conceito-chave para a teoria da sexualidade.
Direito de família e psicanálise: uma abordagem da alienação parental a partir das fórmulas quânticas da sexuação
Authors: Brandão Eduardo Ponte
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar a contribuição da psicanálise, em especial a partir das fórmulas quânticas da sexuação, para o debate dos problemas de gênero articulado ao tema da alienação parental e, de modo geral, para os impasses provocados pela judicialização das relações familiares. Para tanto, é feita a revisão bibliográfica de autores que demonstram as articulações e as diferenças entre o método e o discurso da psicanálise, de um lado e de outro, o direito de família. Conclui-se que a psicanálise lança luz sobre a tendência do direito, regido pelo universal do gozo fálico, em repudiar a alteridade e a singularidade inscrito no campo do gozo Outro ou gozo feminino.
O efeito do crioalongamento e da massoterapia no trismo pós-neoplasia bucal
Authors: VIRGÍLIO MARGINI Karina Luiza , LIMA Carmen Silvia Passos , GOBBIS Mara Letícia , CARRANZA LÓPEZ Carlos Alberto , NAGAE Mirian Hideko
Published: April 2021

Resumo Introdução O trismo é uma restrição na abertura bucal de até 3,5 cm e é um dos efeitos colaterais mais comuns da radioterapia na região da cabeça e pescoço. Tal condição afeta funções cotidianas simples, como: mastigar, deglutir, falar e até exercer higiene bucal, acarretando danos não só físicos como emocionais aos indivíduos acometidos. Evidencia-se assim a necessidade da busca de tratamentos que revertam ou atenuem tal quadro. Objetivo O objetivo do estudo é investigar o comportamento dos músculos masseter e supra-hioideos durante a deglutição antes e após o crioalongamento associado à massoterapia, em pacientes pós-neoplasia bucal com trismo devido à radioterapia. Material e método A amostra final foi constituída por oito sujeitos, com faixa etária entre 40 e 64 anos, gêneros masculino e feminino, com abertura bucal menor ou igual a 3,5 cm. Para a realização da pesquisa, foram realizadas duas avaliações eletromiográficas, uma no início e outra no final do tratamento. Com 15 atendimentos, uma vez por semana, com manobras de crioalongamento associado à massoterapia nos músculos masseter e grupo muscular dos supra-hioideos. Resultado Após a intervenção com crioalongamento e massoterapia, foi observada diferença significativa apenas no comportamento do grupo muscular dos supra-hioideos, fato não constatado no músculo masseter. Conclusão Foi encontrada diferença significativa no comportamento do grupo muscular supra-hioideo e melhora na abertura de boca dos sujeitos. Contudo, os resultados deste estudo devem ser confirmados em casuísticas maiores.
Polymyxin Acute Kidney Injury: a case of severe tubulopathy
Authors: Goldin Lucas Alexandre de Mello , Silva Leticia Nicoletti , Silva Thiago Florencio da , Delfino Vinicius Daher Alvares
Published: April 2021

Abstract Polymyxins are antibiotics developed in the 1950s. Polymyxin-induced neurotoxicity has been often described in medical literature. The same cannot be said of nephrotoxicity or tubulopathy in particular. This report describes the case of a patient prescribed polymyxin B to treat a surgical wound infection, which led to significant increases in fractional excretion of calcium, magnesium, and potassium and subsequent persistent decreases in the levels of these ions, with serious consequences for the patient. Severe hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypokalemia may occur during treatment with polymyxin. Calcium, magnesium and potassium serum levels must be monitored during treatment to prevent life-threatening conditions.
Utilização das TIC nas aulas de Educação Física escolar em unidades didáticas de atletismo e dança
Authors: Farias Alison Nascimento , Impolcetto Fernanda Moreto
Published: April 2021

RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar, implementar e avaliar unidades didáticas de atletismo e dança no 6° ano do ensino fundamental, por meio das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) em uma escola pública. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com enfoque colaborativo, tendo a participação de uma professora e uma turma do 6° ano. Os alunos demonstraram interesse e domínio das tecnologias e foram os protagonistas nas aulas. Quanto à professora, o estudo contribuiu para uma percepção diferente desta no uso das TIC, e de novas metodologias de ensino nas aulas de Educação Física escolar (EFE). Conclui-se que as tecnologias podem ser aliadas na prática pedagógica do professor de Educação Física desde que ocorra intervenção pedagógica na sua utilização.
THE ACCEPTANCE OF CHANGES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS AFTER THE REVISED ATLANTA CLASSIFICATION
Authors: ALVES José Roberto , FERRAZZA Gustavo Heitich , NUNES JUNIOR Ivan Nazareno , TEIVE Marcelo Bianchini
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: New recommendations for the management of patients with acute pancreatitis were set after the Atlanta Classification was revised in 2012. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present systematic review is to assess whether these recommendations have already been accepted and implemented in daily medical practices. METHODS: A systematic literature review was carried out in studies conducted with humans and published in English and Portuguese language from 10/25/2012 to 11/30/2018. The search was conducted in databases such as PubMed/Medline, Cochrane and SciELO, based on the following descriptors/Boolean operator: “Acute pancreatitis” AND “Atlanta”. Only Randomized Clinical Trials comprising some recommendations released after the revised Atlanta Classification in 2012 were included in the study. RESULTS: Eighty-nine studies were selected and considered valid after inclusion, exclusion and qualitative evaluation criteria application. These studies were stratified as to whether, or not, they applied the recommendations suggested after the Atlanta Classification revision. Based on the results, 68.5% of the studies applied the recommendations, with emphasis on the application of severity classification (mild, moderately severe, severe); 16.4% of them were North-American and 14.7% were Chinese. The remaining 31.5% just focused on comparing or validating the severity classification. CONCLUSION: Few studies have disclosed any form of acceptance or practice of these recommendations, despite the US and Chinese efforts. The lack of incorporation of these recommendations didn’t enable harnessing the benefits of their application in the clinical practice (particularly the improvement of the communication among health professionals and directly association with the worst prognoses); thus, it is necessary mobilizing the international medical community in order to change this scenario.
Subjective knowledge of school adolescents about the health effects of smoking and association with smoking status
Authors: Rios Leonardo Essado , Freire Maria do Carmo Matias
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to assess the subjective knowledge (SK) of adolescents about the health effects of smoking and association with smoking status. A cross-sectional school survey was carried out in Goiás, Midwestern Brazil. Participants were 3034 students aged 13-19. SK was assessed by three questions about ‘How do you evaluate your knowledge on:’ (1) ‘Effects of smoking on the general health of people who smoke’, (2) ‘Effects of smoking on the oral health of people who smoke’, (3) ‘Effects of other people smoking on the health of people who do not smoke (passive smokers)’. Smoking status categories were never-smoker, former smoker, and smoker. Poisson regression was used in the statistical analysis. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. About half of the participants had low SK about general health effects of smoking, and most had low SK about oral health (62.9%) and second-hand effects (61.5%). Compared with smokers and former smokers, never-smokers were more likely to have low SK about general (1.52; 95%CI=1.25-1.85), oral (1.17; 95%CI=1.03-1.32) and second-hand effects (1.21; 95%CI=1.16-1.38) of smoking. Adolescents’ SK about the health effects of smoking tended to be low, especially among never smokers.
Novelties and Notes on Lysimachia (Primulaceae): Five New Species from Brazil, Two New Combinations, and Ten Typifications
Authors: Funez Luís A. , Hassemer Gustavo , Trevisan Rafael
Published: April 2021

Abstract—Lysimachia is a genus that was recently recircumscribed and greatly enlarged by the inclusion of many genera in the Primulaceae. In this work five new species, all endemic from the grasslands of southern Brazil, are described, two new combinations are
proposed, and 10 typifications are effected. The preliminary conservation status of these species are assessed, and we also provide field photographs and distribution maps. Furthermore, we provide an identification key to all species of Lysimachia that occur in Brazil.
Phylogeny of the Styracaceae Revisited Based on Whole Plastome Sequences, Including Novel Plastome Data fromParastyrax
Authors: Yan Ming-Hui , Li Chun-Yang , Fritsch Peter W. , Cai Jie , Wang Heng-Chang
Published: April 2021

Abstract—The phylogenetic relationships among 11 out of the 12 genera of the angiosperm family Styracaceae have been largely resolved with DNA sequence data based on all protein-coding genes of the plastome. The only genus that has not been phylogenomically investigated in the family with molecular data is the monotypic genusParastyrax, which is extremely rare in the wild and difficult to collect. To complete the sampling of the genera comprising the Styracaceae, examine the plastome composition ofParastyrax, and further explore the phylogenetic relationships of the entire family, we sequenced the whole plastome ofP.laceiand incorporated it into the Styracaceae dataset for phylogenetic analysis. Similar to most others in the family, the plastome is 158189 bp in length and contains a large single-copy region of 88085 bp and a small single-copy region of 18540 bp separated by two inverted-repeat regions of 25781 bp each. A total of 113 genes was predicted, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic relationships among all 12 genera of the family were constructed with 79 protein-coding genes. Consistent with a previous study,Styrax,Huodendron, and a clade ofAlniphyllum+Bruinsmiawere successively sister to the remainder of the family.Parastyraxwas strongly supported as sister to an internal clade comprising seven other genera of the family, whereasHalesiaandPterostyraxwere both recovered as polyphyletic, as in prior studies. However, when we employed either the whole plastome or the large- or small-single copy regions as datasets,Pterostyraxwas resolved as monophyletic with 100% support, consistent with expectations based on morphology and indicating that non-coding regions of the Styracaceae plastome contain informative phylogenetic signal. ConverselyHalesiawas still resolved as polyphyletic but with novel strong support.
Three New Species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil, with Notes on Leaf Anatomy
Authors: Romero Rosana , Souza Caetano Ana Paula , Fonseca dos Santos Karine , Alves Versiane Ana Flávia
Published: April 2021

Abstract—Microlicia gertii, M. purpurata, and M. trianae from Serra do Cabral, Serra da Canastra, and Serra do Bota, Minas Gerais, Brazil, respectively, are presented here. Comprehensive descriptions of the new species, including
detailed illustrations and comparisons with their relatives are provided. The statements of geographical distribution, habitat, and informal IUCN conservation status for each species are indicated. Additionally, the leaf anatomy of three new species is described.
Complement Activation Products in the Urine from Proteinuric Patients
Authors: MORITA YOSHIKI , IKEGUCHI HIROSHI , NAKAMURA JIRO , HOTTA NIGISHI , YUZAWA YUKIO , MATSUO SEIICHI
Published: April 2021

The presence of plasma proteins in the tubular lumen has variety of adverse effects on the tubular cells. Among various plasma proteins filtered through glomerular barrier, complement has been proven as the possible candidate inducing tubulointerstitial injury. To study the role of intratubular complement activation in proteinuric patients, complement activation products (CAP) at C3 level (iC3b and Bb) and C9 level (membrane attack complex) were measured in both plasma and urine of patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), focal glomerular sclerosis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. For evaluation of the effect of metabolic acidosis on the intratubular complement activation, urinary CAP were measured before and after sodium bicarbonate administration in patients with renal insufficiency. The following results were obtained: (1) Patients with focal glomerular sclerosis and diabetic nephropathy showed the highest level of urinary CAP excretion rate (unit/creatinine), while MCNS revealed no increase. (2) Patients with membranous nephropathy showed a unique finding, i.e., isolated increase of membrane attack complex excretion. (3) There was no significant correlation between urine and plasma levels of CAP. (4) Except for MCNS patients, the urinary excretion rate of CAP significantly increased when the level of proteinuria exceeded the nephrotic range, and it was significantly correlated with the serum creatinine level. (5) Urinary CAP excretion rate significantly decreased 2 wk after sodium bicarbonate administration without affecting the level of proteinuria or plasma CAP. These results suggest that the degree of intratubular complement activation correlates with the level of proteinuria, type of glomerular disease, impairment of renal function, and metabolic acidosis.
Nutrition and Outcome on Renal Replacement Therapy of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Treated by a Supplemented Very Low Protein Diet
Authors: APARICIO MICHEL , CHAUVEAU PHILIPPE , PRÉCIGOUT VALÉRIE DE , BOUCHET JEAN-LOUIS , LASSEUR CATHERINE , COMBE CHRISTIAN
Published: April 2021

Protein-restricted diets are prescribed in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) to alleviate uremic symptoms and to slow the progression of CRF. The potential deleterious effects of protein restriction on nutritional status and clinical outcome of patients with CRF have raised concern. In this study, data were collected from 1985 to 1998 on 239 consecutive patients (age 50.2 ± 15.6 yr) with advanced CRF (GFR 13.1 ± 4.8 ml/min) to whom a supplemented very low protein diet (SVLPD) providing 0.3 g protein, 35 kcal, and 5 to 7 mg of inorganic phosphorus per kg per day was administered for a mean duration of 29.6 ± 25.1 mo. The diet was supplemented with essential amino acids and ketoanalogs, calcium carbonate, iron, and multivitamins. During SVLPD, protein intake decreased from 0.85 ± 0.23 to 0.43 ± 0.11 g/kg per d, and body mass index and serum albumin concentration remained unchanged overall. Fourteen patients died during SVLPD; death was unrelated to nutritional parameters. Hemodialysis was initiated after SVLPD in 165 patients at a mean GFR of 5.8 ± 1.5 ml/min. During an average of 54 mo on hemodialysis, mortality was low (2.4% after 1 yr) and correlated to age only, not to nutritional parameters observed at the end of SVLPD. Similar results were obtained in 66 transplanted patients (12 were not dialyzed before transplantation). SVLPD can be safely used in patients with CRF without adverse effects on the clinical and nutritional status of the patients. Due to the preservation of nutritional status and the correction of uremic symptoms, the initiation of dialysis was deferred in these patients. The outcome of patients on renal replacement therapy is not affected by prior treatment with SVLPD during the predialysis phase of CRF.
Comparison of the effects of normal and low blood pressure regulation on the optic nerve sheath diameter in robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Park Ji Hoon , Hong Ji Hee , Kim Ji Seob , Kim Hyung Jun
Published: April 2021

Background: Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is an advanced and popular surgical technique. However, increased intracranial pressure which is caused by CO2 pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position is the main cerebrovascular effect. Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter using ocular ultrasound is a noninvasive and reliable method for the assessment of intracranial pressure. The primary endpoint of this study was to identify whether low blood pressure regulation has any benefit in attenuating an increase of optic nerve sheath diameter during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.Methods: Optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygen saturation were measured at baseline (supine position), one and two hours after pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position respectively, and after return to supine position in normal (n = 27) and low blood pressure groups (n = 24).Results: Mean optic nerve sheath diameter values measured at one and two hours after pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position were significantly increased compared to the baseline value (P < 0.001 in normal blood pressure group; P = 0.003 in low blood pressure group). However, the mean optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygen saturation measured at any of the time points as well as degrees of change between the two groups did not show any significant changes. The peak values of optic nerve sheath diameter in normal and low blood pressure groups demonstrated 14.9% and 9.2% increases, respectively.Conclusions: Low blood pressure group demonstrated an effect in maintaining an increase of optic nerve sheath diameter less than 10% during CO2 pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position.
On "Dumping" and the Competition Act of South Africa: No "double remedy"
Authors: Brink Gustav Francois
Published: April 2021

In "'Dumping' and the Competition Act of South Africa", Vinti espouses that the Competition Commission has jurisdiction over the actions of extra-territorial parties insofar as such actions involve "prohibited price discrimination" or "price dumping". He finds that the Competition Act and the International Trade Administration Act both bestow jurisdiction over the matter and hence argues that this would constitute an unfair double remedy if both authorities were to take action. He therefore proposes, on the basis of a Memorandum of Agreement that has been concluded between the Competition Commission and the International Trade Administration Commission, that either of the Acts should be amended to ensure that no such double remedies are imposed. Although it is agreed that such "double remedy", if applied, would indeed be unfair for several reasons, this article argues that no such double remedy exists and that, despite the provisions of the Competition Act, the Competition Commission has no jurisdiction in matters related to dumping.
İnegöl (Bursa) havzasında hava kalitesinin fiziki ortam ile ilişkisi
Authors: İSKAN Semra , KOÇ Telat
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışma, son yıllarda insan sağlığını etkileyecek boyuta ulaşan İnegöl’ün (Bursa) hava kirliliği sorunlarını araştırıyor. İnegöl havzasında hava kalitesinin bozulmasının neden ve sonuçları bakımından yeterli çalışma olmaması, sürdürülebilir kullanım açısından bilimsel sorun olarak tanımlanmıştır. Sunulan araştırmada, İnegöl yerleşmesinin etkileşim alanı da dikkate alınarak, Kasım- Aralık 2016 ile Ocak- Şubat 2017 kış (soğuk) döneminden hareketle, hava kalitesi özelliklerini belirleyerek, bu durumu şekillendiren fiziki ortam özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hava kalitesini incelemek için Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı’ndan kirletici maddeler olarak belirlenen PM10 ve SO2 verileri alınmış ve havza üzerinde dört farklı yükseltiye(284 m, 316 m, 426 m, 827 m) sıcaklık ölçme istasyonu kurulmuştur. Elde edilen sıcaklık verileriyle, havza üzerinde terselmenin geliştiği tespit edilmiştir. Hava tipine bağlı olarak gelişen bu terselmelerin, topografyanın da etkisiyle daha da güçlendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İnegöl havzasında, hava kalitesinin şekillenmesinde kaynaktan çıkan kirletici miktarının yanı sıra fiziki ortam özellikleri de belirleyici olmaktadır. Buna ek olarak İnegöl yerleşmesinin, havza tabanına kurulmuş olması, hava kalitesinin düşük olmasına ortam hazırlayan etmen olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu nedenle belirlenen sorunun çözümü için öncelikle arazi kullanımı ve planlamasında, fiziki ortamın özelliklerinin dikkate alınmasının gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Tko se boji vuka još? Socio-ekonomski i kulturološki učinci obitavanja vuka u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Tišma Sanja , Jelinčić Daniela Angelina , Tolić Iva , Solić Andrea , Malić Limari Snježana
Published: April 2021

Očuvanje vukova u modernim europskim krajolicima pokazalo se vrlo zahtjevnim procesom zbog niza izazova povezanih s njihovom prisutnošću i kontroverzom u vezi s načinom na koji bi se njima trebalo upravljati. Republika Hrvatska danas je jedno od rijetkih područja obitavanja vukova u Europi. U članku je prikazana analiza recentnih znanstvenih istraživanja o socio-ekonomskim i kulturnim učincima vuka na lokalne zajednice u kojima obitava. Osim analize relevantnih znanstvenih istraživanja o vuku, članak donosi rezultate prvog istraživanja socio-ekonomskog i kulturnog utjecaja vukova u Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je provedeno u razdoblju od srpnja do listopada 2019. u lokalnim zajednicama u kojima su vukovi tradicionalno prisutni. Hipoteza je istraživanja da kvalitetne informacije o populaciji vukova pružaju više mogućnosti za njihovo praćenje, prihvaćanje i upravljanje njima u lokalnim zajednicama. Rezultati dobiveni provedenim istraživanjem ukazuju na potrebu dodatne edukacije i snažne međusektorske prekogranične suradnje radi boljeg razumijevanja dinamike populacije vukova i njihovog utjecaja na održivi lokalni razvoj i zajedničko očuvanje prirodne i kulturne baštine.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Acute Pancreatitis in Rural Population in South India
Authors:   Senior Civil Surgeon, Government Head Quarters Hospital, Tirupur, Tamil Nadu, India, Saravanan Dr. K K , Ali V A Dr. Mohamed Mubarak ,   Assistant Surgeon, Government Head Quarters Hospital, Tirupur, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common cause of acute abdominal pain with awide range of presentation from mild to multi-organ failure; hence we intended to study the clinicalprofile of acute pancreatitis in our study. Methods: All subjects admitted with acute pancreatitisabove the age of 18 years; both male and female willing to participate were included in the study.60 subjects were studied where males dominate the study. Results: Alcohol intake and gall stonebeing the etiological cause for the illness. Conclusion: The recovery rate was 95% with no mortalitywas observed in our study.