bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Endometriotic Cyst with High Ca-125 Level Mimicking Malignancy
Authors: Selvam Dr. Vidhya , Priya Dr. C. Minu
Published: September 2023

Gynecologists who treat endometriosis, a chronic, disabling disease, face difficulties diagnosing and treating the condition. Endometriotic cyst, with internal septations and opacities sonologically, mimics malignancy. Increased levels of CA 125 Are used as a tumor marker in epithelial ovarian malignancies. It is also an important prognostic indicator and follow-up tool in managing ovarian malignancies. A moderate increase in CA125 levels is observed in physiological conditions like ovulation and benign conditions like endometriosis and PID. We present here a case of extremely elevated serum CA 125 level in a patient who presented with recurrent ovarian endometriosis. Mrs. X, 46 years old, presented with a complex ovarian cyst with CA 125 level- 1021 iu/ml. With a history of laparotomy for endometriotic cysts in the past. Intraoperatively bilateral complex ovarian cysts were identified, which were densely adherent to the lateral pelvic wall and rectum posteriorly. The ovarian cysts were excised with a hysterectomy. The Patient developed dribbling of urine on the third postoperative day. CT urogram revealed a right ureterovaginal fistula. Laparotomy done. Uretero ureteral anastomosis done by a urologist. The Postoperative patient remained dry. Histopathological evaluation revealed benign endometriosis. Extensive and aggressive surgeries are usually done for ovarian malignancies to provide optimal reduction. However, in our patient, risk assessment for malignancy based on radiological factors and tumor markers was highly suggestive of malignancy. Yet, the histopathology turned out to be benign endometriosis. Therefore, to avoid invasive investigations and surgeries associated with high morbidity, emphasis must be made on the possibility of raised CA 125 levels in benign conditions such as endometriosis.
Cucurbiturils-Based Supramolecular Host-Guest Complexes: Singe-Crystal Structures and Fluorescence Enhancement
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Hui , Wang Mingsen , Hou Jiaheng , Li Yongjun , Wang Yuancheng , Zhao Yingjie
Published: September 2023

Two supramolecular complexes were prepared using cucurbiturils [CBs]
as hosts and a four-armed p-xylene derivative (M1) as a guest molecule.
The single crystals of these two complexes were obtained and
successfully analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). An
unexpected and intriguing 1:2 self-assembly arrangement between the M1
and CB[8] was notably uncovered, marking its first-time observation.
These host-guest complexes exhibit distinctive photophysical properties,
especially emission behaviors. The invaluable insights derived from
these precious single-crystal structures provide both precise structural
information regarding the supramolecular complexes and a deeper
understanding of the intricate mechanisms governing their photophysical
properties.
Experimental study on post-fracture oil-water displacement mechanism of tight sandstone reservoir with NMR
Authors: zhao jinsheng , ouyang wen , hui bo , yang qigui , ju yingjun
Published: September 2023

The oil-water displacement after hydraulic fracturing can increase the
oil production and reduce the flowback fluid. The NMR technology is
applied to study the oil distribution in the core sample before and
after oil-water displacement. The main factors affecting the oil-water
displacement efficiency are revealed, and the theoretical basis and
reference are provided for the optimization of post-fracturing flowback
system in tight reservoirs. The results show that the displaced oil is
mainly from small pores, medium pores and macropores. The larger the
pore size, the higher the oil-water displacement efficiency. Strong
homogeneity of core samples and good pore-throat connectivity are the
main reasons for the higher oil-water displacement efficiency. The
oil-water interfacial tension is low, and the displacement efficiency is
improved. The cleanup additive in guar gum fracturing fluid can
effectively reduce the oil-water interfacial tension and improve the
oil-water displacement efficiency compared with the slick water
fracturing fluid.
Lifelong identification of individual fallow deer, based on their fur pattern
Authors: Frank Zabel , Maaß Gernot
Published: September 2023

The identification of individual animals is vital for a wide range of
studies, in particular for the estimation of population densities, the
understanding of social networks as well as for the assessment of their
age-related physical development. For antlered deer of the Cervidae
family, researchers have often used the antlers as markers for the
identification of individuals animals. This marker is very unreliable,
due to the high variability of the antlers in line with the aging of the
males and damages, which are often caused by rut fights. Other markers
are therefore needed to recognize individual males, but also females of
these species over a longer period. This article proves, that the fur
patterns of fallow deer maintain their key characteristics throughout
the entire life of the deer, from age 1 on. The method is very robust
and applies to all fallow deer which feature spots and other markings in
their fur.
Piezoelectric energy harvester with outstanding output performance at low frequency vibration based on the combined action of an annular hollow mass and springs
Authors: Hao Yifan , Luo Hongzhi , Lu Xinyue , Huang Jiawei , Chen Hang , Yang Tongqing
Published: September 2023

Focusing on the demand for collecting the wasted mechanical energy from
nature or human production activities in the current period, the design
and development of piezoelectric energy harvester with higher
electromechanical conversion performance of great significance. To solve
this issue, we designed a piezoelectric energy harvester based on the
combined action of an annular hollow mass and springs. When vibrating,
the force exerted by the mass is released at the three equal points on
the surface of the brass substrate through 3 parallel springs. This
concentrated release of energy through the spring amplification effect
facilitates large deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet,
resulting in more charge output. The results show that such an energy
harvester based on the PZT-5H ceramic can exhibit an ultra-high output
power of 23.69 mW at a low frequency of 70 Hz under the joint action of
only a 14 g mass and three springs of 0.3 mm wire diameter, 2 mm outer
diameter and 5 mm length. More importantly, to match the vibration
frequency of the actual environment, we also proposed that energy
harvesters can be designed by selecting spring wire diameter and the
weight of mass. The energy harvester designed in this work is expected
to capture energy from low-frequency natural environments and exhibit
outstanding output performance, which can provide guidelines for future
efforts in this direction.
Epiberberine inhibits gastric cancer by triggering a positive feedback loop between GABAA receptor signaling and the Ca2+ / CaMKII / p-CREB1 axis
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Zhou Yuan , Li Juan , Ma Zhengcai , Li Xiaoduo , Li Xue Gang , Chen Wanqun , Ma Hang , ye xiaoli
Published: September 2023

Background and Purpose Epiberberine (EPI), one of the active ingredients
in Coptidis Rhizoma, exhibited excellent potential for inhibiting
gastric cancer (GC) in our previous study. Nevertheless, the underlying
mechanism was still unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the
core receptor target of EPI in GC and to explore the underlying
mechanisms. Experimental Approach The identification and validation of
receptor targets were performed using multiple bioinformation methods
and in vitro experiments. The co-localization and binding sites between
EPI and GABRB3 were detected by confocal microscope, molecular dynamic,
point mutation and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). The inhibition
effects and mechanisms of EPI on the malignant phenotypes of GC cells
via GABRB3 signaling were determined by MTT, colony formation, wound
closure assay, flow cytometry, real-time qPCR, Western blot analysis,
chloride and calcium ion fluorescent probes, dual-luciferase assay and a
tumor-bearing mouse model. Key Results Initial studies discovered that
EPI might stimulate the GABA receptor-composed
GABAergic system with GABRB3 as the core in GC cells. EPI might directly
bind to the heteropentamer via residue Tyr157, Phe200, and Thr202. EPI
overactivating GABRB3 made an abnormal accumulation of intracellular
Ca and subsequently induced p21/CDK1/CCNB1
axis-dependent G2/M cell cycle arrest. EPI binding also promoted the
accumulation of endonuclear p-CREB1 via the
Ca/PKC-δ/CaMKII pathway, which formed a positive
feedback loop that upregulated GABRB3 expression as well as promoted p53
expression. Conclusion and Implications This study may prolong the
understanding for the anti-GC mechanism of EPI and provide a new
strategy for GC treatment.
Strengthening influenza surveillance capacity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: nearly two decades of direct support from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Authors: Zureick Kinda , Margaret McCarron , Dawson Patrick , Davis Jamie , Barnes John , Wentworth David , Azziz-Baumgartner Eduardo
Published: September 2023

Since 2004, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Influenza Division (ID) has supported seven countries in the Eastern
Mediterranean region and the World Health Organization Regional Office
for the Eastern Mediterranean to establish and strengthen influenza
surveillance. There has been substantial growth in influenza
surveillance capacities in the region over two decades that demonstrates
commitment by national governments to strengthen national programs and
contribute to global influenza surveillance. CDC ID remains committed to
continuing support to the region and supporting partners to translate
surveillance data into policies and programs effectively.
Splenocytes with fucosylation deficiency promote T cell proliferation and differentiation through thrombospondin-1 downregulation
Authors: Oh Joo Youn , Ko Jung Hwa , Ryu Jin Suk
Published: September 2023

Fucosylation plays a critical role in cell-to-cell interactions and
disease progression. However, the effects of fucosylation on splenocytes
and their interactions with T cells remain unclear. In this study, we
aimed to explore the transcriptome profiles of splenocytes deficient in
fucosyltransferase (FUT) 1, an enzyme that mediates fucosylation, and
investigate their impact on the proliferation and differentiation of T
cells. We analyzed and compared the transcriptomes of splenocytes
isolated from Fut1 knockout (KO) mice and those from wild-type
(WT) mice using RNA-seq. Additionally, we examined the effects of
Fut1 KO splenocytes on CD4 T cell proliferation and
differentiation, in comparison to WT splenocytes, and elucidated the
mechanisms involved. The comparative analysis of transcriptomes between
Fut1 KO and WT splenocytes revealed that thrombospondin (THBS)-1,
among the genes related to immune response and inflammation, was the
most highly downregulated gene in Fut1 KO splenocytes. The
reduced expression of THBS1 was further confirmed using qRT-PCR and flow
cytometry. In coculture experiments, Fut1 KO splenocytes promoted
the proliferation of CD4 T cells and drove their differentiation towards
Th1 and Th17 cells, compared to WT splenocytes. Moreover, the levels of
IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-17 were increased, while IL-10 was decreased, in T
cells cocultured with Fut1 KO splenocytes compared to those with
WT splenocytes. These effects of Fut1 KO splenocytes on T cells
were reversed when THBS1 was replenished. Taken together, our results
demonstrate that splenocytes with Fut1 deficiency promote CD4 T
cell proliferation and Th1/Th17 differentiation at least in part through
THBS1 downregulation.
Should radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine remain part of the pre-purchase examination?
Authors: Looijen Maty , Morgan Rhiannon
Published: September 2023

The inclusion of thoracolumbar radiographs in a pre-purchase examination
(PPE) is a topic of current and intense debate, subsequent to a
statement from the Federation of European Equine Veterinary Associations
(FEEVA) advocating the exclusion of spinous process radiography from the
PPE. This review will consider the reasons behind the addition of such
radiographs into PPEs, the limitations of radiography in ambulatory
practice and therefore the diagnostic limitations to the practitioner,
the diagnostic benefit of a complete radiographic examination, and
discussion of common and less-frequent thoracolumbar pathologies. We
will focus on laterolateral radiographs of the spinous processes as
these are most commonly acquired during the PPE. The lack of consistent
and repeatable grading systems highlights the subjective nature and
variability in assessing this region radiographically. Coupled with the
sparse evidence of correlation between clinical symptoms and
radiographic abnormalities of the thoracolumbar spine leads us to
conclude that taking radiographs of the back during PPEs should not be
performed unless the clinical examination indicates otherwise.
Auto Financial, Inc.: Utilizing Tax Incentives to Illustrate the Implementation of Tax Provisions to Business
Authors: Kern Sara M. , Brajcich Andrew M.
Published: September 2023

The CEO of Auto Financial Inc. has just learned of a new tax incentive, the Save Taxes by Adding and Retaining (STAR) Act, and she is considering hiring some new employees. As the current controller of Auto Financial Inc., your assignment is to read the relevant portion of STAR and to quantify the value of any tax benefits that Auto Financial, Inc. would receive if the CEO chooses to hire the five new employees. This case requires you to apply a rule of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) to a practical business situation. As you complete the case you will become more comfortable with reading and interpreting IRC rules and applying them in business settings. You will also become more familiar with common payroll withholding categories and you will gain experience writing tax-related memoranda.
Ethics in Financial Reporting Methods: The Case of Vontsira, Inc.
Authors: Jaggi Jacob , Porter Jason
Published: September 2023

This case allows students to wrestle with the ethical decisions relating to accounting choices. At issue in this case is the timing of the implementation of the Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) model standard. The objectives of the case are to help students (1) raise their awareness of the ethical decisions inherent to accounting choices, (2) weigh the validity of different viewpoints and approaches, (3) understand the far-reaching implications of ethical decisions in financial reporting, and (4) practice preparing to effectively advocate their positions in a professional setting. When delivered alongside lessons on accounting for receivables and doubtful accounts, the case can help reinforce the real implications of the judgment involved in estimating bad debt. It is also appropriate for any graduate or upper division undergraduate accounting course in which students discuss ethics and codes of conduct.
Contract Disclosure under External Scrutiny
Authors: Corona Carlos , Kim Tae Wook
Published: September 2023

We examine the effects of mandating compensation disclosure on executive incentive contracts, earnings management, firm value, and social welfare. We develop a moral hazard model with multiple principal-agent pairs facing an external monitor who allocates resources across firms to verify earnings management. With such scrutiny allocation, contracts exhibit externalities that create a coordination problem among principals. Contract disclosure enables principals to design the contract anticipating the monitor’s reaction. However, it may also exacerbate the coordination problem among principals because they do not consider externalities on other principals caused by the effects of their contract choices on the monitor’s scrutiny allocation. If internal controls are relatively weak, contract disclosure may make contracts more strongly contingent on reported earnings, increase earnings manipulation, and nevertheless increase social welfare. Contract disclosure improves firm value only if the scrutiny resources available to the monitor are not strongly constrained.

JEL Classifications: C72; D62; G38; M43; M46.
Two Sides of the Same Coin: The Good and Bad of Alumni Affiliation during Auditor Evidence Collection
Authors: Earley Christine E. , Kuselias Stephen G. , MacKenzie Nikki L.
Published: September 2023

Regulators and researchers express concern about auditors who leave their firms for employment at their clients, due to lingering relationships which might represent a threat to audit quality. These relationships could negatively impact audit quality through undue influences of the client personnel on auditor judgment. We examine how these relationships influence novice auditors during evidence collection. Understanding the effects of alumni affiliation on evidence collection is important because undiscovered issues at this phase may go unaddressed, potentially hurting audit quality. Contrary to most research findings, we find that alumni affiliation can benefit the audit by increasing auditors’ evidence collection. However, we also find, when auditors become depleted, the benefits of alumni affiliation actually reverse, as auditors overrely on the relationship, leading them to prematurely cease evidence collection. These findings have implications for both practitioners and researchers.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.
A Multi-Method Study of Patient Reach and Attendance in a Pragmatic Trial of Diabetes Shared Medical Appointments
Authors: Ritchie Natalie D. , Gurfinkel Dennis , Sajatovic Martha , Carter Madelaine , Glasgow Russell E. , Holtrop Jodi Summers , Waxmonsky Jeanette A. , Kwan Bethany M.
Published: September 2023

Shared medical appointments (SMAs) are an evidence-based approach to diabetes care in primary care settings, yet practices can struggle to ensure participation, especially among racial and ethnic minority and low-income patients. We conducted a multimethod evaluation of reach and attendance in the Invested in Diabetes study of the comparative effectiveness of two SMA delivery models (standardized and patient-driven) in two practice settings (federally qualified health centers [FQHCs] and clinics serving more commercially insured patients). Through this study, 22 practices reached 6.2% of patients with diabetes through SMAs over 3 years, with good attendance for both practice types and both SMA delivery models. FQHCs were especially successful at enrolling underserved populations and improved attendance with virtual SMAs.
Koordine Kavşaklarda Sinyalizasyon Sistemine Etki Eden Parametrelerin İncelenmesi Vaka Durum Çalışması
Authors: Duman Zeynep Nur , Murat Yetis Sazi , Yilmaz Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Kentsel ulaşımda; nüfus fazlalaşması, sanayileşme ve hızlı kentleşme nedeniyle, sorunlar görülmekte ve bu sorunları çözmek amacıyla farklı yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada, Elazığ ili örneğinde, ayrık (izole) olarak denetlenen ve sıralı şekilde bir koridor üzerinde bulunan üç kavşak incelenmiştir. Bu koridorda bulunan yerleşik kameralar ile haftanın bütün günlerinin zirve saatlerinde trafik hacim ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca kavşakların mevcut durumdaki geometrileri, denetim biçimleri, devre, faz süreleri ve faz planları dikkate alınmıştır. Kavşaklara ait mevcut durum, bir mikrosimülasyon yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Kavşaklar arasındaki ortalama hız ve mesafeler dikkate alınarak, ofset süreleri tespit edilmiş ve kavşaklar arasında eşgüdüm (koordinasyon) oluşturulmuştur. Kavşak geometrisi, faz ve devre süresi diyagramları üzerinde değişiklikler yapılarak oluşturulan dört farklı eşgüdümlü durum (senaryo) mikrosimülasyon yazılımıyla analiz edilip değerlendirilmiştir. Mevcut durum ve oluşturulan dört farklı eşgüdümlü durumun performansı; gecikme, durma sayısı, hizmet seviyesi, kuyruk uzunlukları, seyahat süresi ve ortalama hız ölçütlerine göre karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, mevcut duruma göre, eşgüdümlü (koordine) denetim durumlarında, dikkate alınan performans ölçütlerinde önemli seviyelerde (%50 ve üzerinde) iyileşmeler elde edildiği, bu iyileşmelerin her bir ölçüt ve durum için farklı değerlerde olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, incelenen koridor özelinde, kavşakların ayrık denetlenmesi yerine eşgüdümlü biçimde denetlenmesinin kentsel trafik yönetimi açısından faydalı olacağı ve koridor yönetiminde, sinyal sürelerinin yanında, faz planı ve kavşak geometrilerinin de yeniden düzenlenmesinin katkı sağlayabileceği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
Undetermined Implications of Islamic Veil Practicing for COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: R Rastmanesh
Published: September 2023

A recent systematic review demonstrated that among different religions, the association between COVID-19 risks and religious practice was different in terms of transmission, mitigation and adaptation to COVID-19. We argue that this difference might be partially correlated with strict full face and level of Islamic veiling practice. Strict full face veil techniques intuitively and practically mimic wearing facemasks, thus providing a protective role against COVID-19 viral exposure. It however prevents sufficient sunlight exposure needed to synthesis enough vitamin D in the skin, which is as an important factor in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. This letter specifically and intentionally focused on Islamic countries; however, its implications cover similar religious practices and settings. Based on preliminary observations from Iran and Arab countries, we will show that despite similar lower vitamin D status, veiling practice and full-face-veil-wearing probably put a protective –meanwhile differential- effect against COVID-19 cases and deaths.
Polymorphism of KIR Genes in Women with Human Papillomavirus Infection
Authors: NG García
Published: September 2023

Molecular biology screening techniques for early detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the National CervicalUterine Cancer Program in Cuba provide the opportunity to treat premalignant lesions and prevent progression to cervicaluterine cancer. Objectives: To identify 14 high-risk HPV genotypes in women aged 30 to 50 with negative previous cytology and to identify the polymorphism of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes in a subsample of HPV-positive women. Methods: HPV screening tests were performed on 3,115 women using the COBAS 4800 system with the HPV COBAS kit (Roche, Germany). For KIR gene typing, 60 randomly selected HPV-positive women were analyzed using a molecular method based on hybridization probes on a LUMINEX flow analyzer with the LIFECODES KIR-SSO typing kit (Immucor, USA). Results: 295 (9.5%) women tested positive for one of the 14 high-risk genotypes. The highest percentage of positive women was found among those aged 30 to 39 years (12.0%). Fourteen women had coinfection with HPV16 or HPV18 along with another highrisk genotype. There was a high frequency of genes encoding activating receptors such as KIR 2DL1 (98.3%), KIR 2DL3 (98.3%), and KIR 2DS4*all full length (93.3%). Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV in Cuban women with normal cytology is lower than the global average, with activating KIR genes predominating among positive cases.
A Newborn Male Infant with Seizures, Cyanosis, Bradycardia, and Ischemic Stroke Due to Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia with a Missense Mutation in the CaSR Gene: A Case Report
Authors: Agdamag Althea Samantha , Maclennan Alexander , Brown Brande M. , Ahmed Anjum Mohyuddin , Parikh Abhinav , Agdere Levon , Ron Nitin
Published: September 2023

Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia is commonly caused by a gain-of-function mutation in the CaSR gene and inhibits calcium reabsorption in the kidneys by suppressing the secretion of parathyroid hormone. Laboratory findings typically result in hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria, and low to normal parathyroid hormone. Clinically, patient presentation varies from asymptomatic to life-threatening. We present a full-term baby boy who exhibited episodic right lower extremity stiffening, cyanosis, and bradycardia at day of life 2 with confirmed seizure activity. The patient’s course was significant for poor feeding, right vocal cord paralysis, and an ischemic stroke in the posterior division of the right middle cerebral artery. Genetic work-up revealed the unique CaSR heterozygous missense variant mutation c2495T>C (p.lle832Thr), and STX16 gene variation. This patient’s sibling also carries the same mutation however is asymptomatic. It is important to monitor these patients for clinical manifestations, as gain-of-function mutations in the CaSR gene may carry complications such as nephrocalcinosis, changes in bone mineral density, and a predilection for epilepsy later in life.
Preserving the Past, Shaping the Present: Insights on Oman's Built Heritage and Its Identity
Authors: Al-Belushi Mohammed Ali K. , Al-Hooti Nawal Ahmed
Published: September 2023

Oman possesses a rich and diverse built heritage, spanning from ancient times to the present, characterized by varying architectural styles, building materials, and construction techniques. This heritage holds profound cultural significance for Omanis, symbolizing their identity and ancestral interactions with the environment. However, the rapid and unprecedented development since the 1970s has brought about changes in the perception and management of this heritage, with functional aspects transforming due to shifts in societal and economic values. While the government has made notable efforts to preserve and conserve the built heritage, questions arise regarding the extent to which the preserved structures truly represent Oman's architectural essence. This preliminary discussion delves into the status of architectural heritage in Oman, focusing on its preservation, conservation, and protection. The study explores the alignment of current heritage management practices with the present state of Omani society. Additionally, it investigates potential collaborations and conflicts between architectural heritage and modern development in both rural and urban regions of Oman, seeking to establish a balanced approach that harmonizes the two. The paper aims to shed light on the challenges and opportunities in preserving Oman's built heritage while taking into account the evolving needs of the country and its people.
Nanotechnology and Food System: Assessing the European Union Regulatory System
Authors: Sodano Valeria
Published: September 2023

Over the last twenty years, the field of nanotechnologies has been affected by enormous investments in research and innovation all over the world. Proponents of nanotechnology praise their benefits; however, the risks may far outweigh the purported benefits. In the agri-food sector, many nano innovations have been introduced so far. Nevertheless, within the European Union (EU), the accelerated rate of innovation has not been met by adequate regulatory interventions. The study provides an assessment of the current EU food nanotechnology regulatory framework using the classical five benchmarks for defining a “good regulation.” The results of the assessment highlight that technical-scientific and economic considerations, which refer to the expertise and efficiency criteria, have been largely used by European policymakers. Criteria of legislative authority, accountability, and due process have been largely overlooked, which may explain the inadequateness of the regulatory effort. The study offers useful insights for understanding and improving the EU regulatory process in the field of nanotechnology.
Development Strategies during PM Vajpayee for Indian Structural Development
Authors: Verma N. M. P.
Published: September 2023

Since last year, 2022, India has been celebrating Amrit Kal. This is the seventy-fifth year of independence and marks the platinum jubilee celebration. In this context, it is high time to analyse the contributions of Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who laid a strong foundation of capacity building and structural changes in the economy. He also made the economy widely open through trade networks and foreign exchange mobilization. The purpose of the present paper is to highlight important initiatives of Vajpayee during his two terms as PM and to make the UP state and the country a very strong one. In this paper, we have focused on infrastructural change, disinvestment, and fiscal prudence. The paper is based on secondary sources of data. The trend line has been estimated based on time series data for highways.  The paper concludes that the origination of the National Highway Authority of India, disinvestment in sick PSUs, and fiscal prudence are core strategies that improved the Indian economy. Needless to say, UP and Uttarakhand jointly are the biggest states in the country.
A Case-Control Study of Behavioural and Social Predictors of Severe Leptospirosis in a Tertiary Care Centre, Central Kerala
Authors: Sukumaran Anjely , Biju Asha
Published: September 2023

Leptospirosis is a globally important zoonotic disease. The disease is caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Infections result from direct or indirect exposure to infected reservoir animals that carry the pathogen in their renal tubules and shed pathogenic leptospirosis in the urine. This study was conducted to assess the social and behavioural predictors of severe Leptospirosis and to study the clinical profile and outcome of patients with severe leptospirosis .148 patients with leptospirosis were divided into severe and non-severe groups. The majority of our study population had risk factors like contact with soil or water through barefoot, farming, swimming, cattle rearing, contact with sewage and stagnant rainwater. Conditions such as inadequate access to safe drinking water and sanitation services, poor personal hygiene practices, low levels of literacy, and lack of access to health services, contribute to increased vulnerability to infection and work against prevention efforts. Severity predictor factors are Cut or injury prior to symptoms, NSAID intake for fever and Myalgia from the periphery, late referral and late initiation of antibiotics, acute kidney injury, pancreatitis, myocarditis, thrombocytopenia, ARDS, acute liver injury, platelet less than 50,000 and prolonged INR. Knowledge about risk factors for severe leptospirosis can improve prevention and control measures to mitigate the incidence of severe cases.
Metrological traceability of the results of testing for electromagnetic compatibility in accordance with the NATO standards
Authors: Vasylieva Olena , Neyezhmakov Pavel
Published: September 2023

Ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of special-purpose equipment used in a complex saturated radio frequency environment requires testing in accordance with procedures that guarantee a valid verification of its immunity to external electromagnetic fields. The paper presents the national measurement standards and equipment used at the National Scientific Centre “Institute of Metrology” for the NRE02, NRE03 and NRS02 testing in accordance with the AESTR-500 standard. It is shown how metrological traceability to the SI units of the measurement results is ensured during tests. The paper presents the results of evaluating the uncertainty of the results of measurements of the electromagnetic field strength using the NARDA-550 meter for the frequency ranges of 10 kHz – 1 GHz when using the GTEM chamber, and for the frequency ranges of 1-43 GHz when using the anechoic chamber. The studies have proven that the measurement uncertainties, when calibrating the antenna in the anechoic chamber, and the uneven distribution of the electromagnetic field in the GTEM chamber are the most critical. The obtained results of the uncertainty evaluation of the NARDA-550 calibration coefficient are used for high-precision measurements of radio frequency signals both at emission and being exposed to electromagnetic fields when the disturbances have limit values as regards the provisions of these standards. These results with a discrepancy of no more than 0.05 dB confirm the characteristics of the device provided by the manufacturer. It is shown that the set of national measurement standards and test equipment of the NSC “Institute of Metrology” allows testing special equipment for electromagnetic compatibility according to the NATO standards with the required accuracy.
The geomagnetic field of the Ukrainian Carpathians and a 3D magnetic model of the Transcarpathian Depression
Authors: Orlyuk M.I. , Bakarzhieva M.I. , Marchenko A.V. , Shestopalova O.E. , Drukarenko V.V.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the geomagnetic field of the Ukrainian Carpathians and 3D magnetic modeling along the PANCAKE geotransect and Transcarpathian Depression, as well as a comparison of the obtained results with fault-block tectonics, deep structure, and distribution of a number of types of endogenous ore deposits and hydrocarbon accumulations.

It is shown that the overthrust northeastern part of the Carpathian arc lies on the magnetic crust, and the southwestern one  — on its non-magnetic lower part, and between the Rava-Rus’ka and Krakovets and Pre-Carpathian faults, the Earth’s crust is magnetized throughout.

For the territory of the Transcarpathian Depression, the regional and local components of the geomagnetic field were identified for the first time, geological and geophysical characteristics were provided, and their tectonic interpretation was proposed.

A three-dimensional magnetic model of the Transcarpathian Depression was created taking into account the magnetization of rocks according to measurements. A detailed magnetic model of the upper part of the crustal section of the Transcarpathian Depression was developed. The connection of magnetic sources with fault zones was analyzed; the results were compared with the deep structure and distribution of ore deposits and hydrocarbon accumulations.

The regional source with magnetism І=1.0 A/m is located within the Mukachevo Depression and is located at a depth of 6.0 km to 13 km. The local component of the geomagnetic field reflects the magnetic inhomogeneity of the Earth’s crust in the upper 3—4 km of the section and mainly reflects the volcano-tectonic structures and dike formations of the Vyhorlat-Gutyn Ridge, the Chop-Berehove Uplift, and the Velika Dobron’ Uplift. The maximum depths of magnetic sources (up to 3.5 km) and their magnetization (1.22 A/m) are characteristic of the structures of the Vyhorlat-Gutynsky Ridge, intermediate values of depths (2.0—3.0 km) and magnetization (up to 0.93 A/m) belong to the Chop-Berehove Uplift, and the minimum depths (up to 1.1 km) and magnetization (up to 0.7 A/m) are characteristic of the Velika Dobron’ Uplift.

It is shown that the gas fields of Transcarpathia correspond to local positive magnetic anomalies and are localized above a deep magnetic source. Within the Berehove Uplift, positive anomalies and magnetic sources indicate andesiteporphyrite shafts and andesite domes of Sarmatian age associated with gold, gold-polymetallic and silver mineralization. A zone of antimony mineralization is associated with the Pannonian-Pontic volcanic structures along the southern foot of the Vyhorlat-Gutyn Ridge, and deposits and occurrences of bismuth and mercury correlate well with intrusive formations of the Dacian-Romanian age.
Electrical conductivity anomalies study
Authors: Rokityansky I.I. , Tereshyn A.V.
Published: September 2023

Anomalous currents in a well-conducting body arise due to local electromagnetic induction inside the anomalous body, as well as due to conductive redistribution (and concentration) of currents induced in the host medium on a large territory equal to the external source size. The local induction generates the so-called anomaly of geomagnetic variations of the magnetic or inductive type. Its characteristic property is that the secondary anomalous field cannot be greater than the primary normal field of geomagnetic variations. However, in some places on the earth’s surface, the normalized anomalous fields are greater than 1. Analytical solution of the EM induction problem for circular cylinder yields the physical explanation of two types of anomalous geomagnetic fields. The first term (proportional to the normal electric field E0) describes the conductive anomaly type, the second term (proportional to the normal magnetic field B0) describes the inductive anomaly type. The conductive type usually is much greater than the inductive one. The normalized anomalous field of the conductive type is not limited to 1 or any other value. It is proportional to two functions: V(T) — the non-decreasing function of the period T (0≤V≤1, V=1 corresponds to DC) which describes the degree of filling of the conductor by anomalous currents (result of the skin effect inside the anomaly) and the normal impe­dance of inclosing cross-section — the decreasing function of the period. Product of these functions has a maximum at some period T0. The position T0 is closely related to the total lengthwise conductance G[S×m] of the anomalous body, that is, the scale of the anomaly. On the period T0, the anomalous fields and the induction vector become real C=Cu and the imaginary induction vector Cv passes through zero changing sign. Thus, the spectral properties of the geomagnetic response functions were studied for two-dimensional anomalies with a generalization to three-dimensional conductors with varying cross-section. 18 crustal electrical conductivity anomalies were considered and their integral lengthwise conductance G was obtained. At all anomalies, the G values turn out to be in a relatively narrow range G=(1—8)·108 S∙m; this has geophysical significance.
About the so-called «Bug series» of the Middle Bug region (Ukrainian Shield). Article 3. Problems of origin and age.
Authors: Kyrylyuk V.P.
Published: September 2023

The name «Bug Series» was introduced into the Precambrian stratigraphic scheme of the Ukrainian Shield more than half a century ago. During this period, ideas about the composition and age of the series changed several times, but at the same time, until recently, the opinion of various studies about its stratigenic nature remained unchanged. In recent years, a number of publications have appeared in which other views on the origin of the «Bug series» are expressed. Initially, they concerned only individual petrographic groups, such as carbonate and magnetite-bearing rocks, which were attributed to endo­genous (magmatic) origin. Later, an opinion was expressed about the nonstratigenic origin of the entire «Bug Series», and some authors propose to abandon the dismemberment of the Early Precambrian granulite complexes into suites altogether. These ideas are based only on the materials of the study of local objects obtained by drilling and geophysical methods, and they do not take into account the results of regional geological and stratigraphic studies. Simultaneously with new ideas about the genesis of the «Bug series», an attempt is being made to link its origin with faults and to revise its age.

In order to discuss the problem of the «Bug series», a series of publications has been prepared, in which the main generalized data of many years of regional geological and thematic studies on the composition, structure, stratigraphic and structural position of the units belonging to the «Bug series» are presented. The cycle consists of three separate articles. The first article [Kyrylyuk, 2022a] characterizes the composition of subdivisions and rock associations included in the «Bug series» in the current Precambrian stratigraphic scheme of the Ukrainian Shield. In the second article of the series [Kyrylyuk, 2022б], the ideas about the structural position of the «Bug series» and its subdivisions are considered. This final article is devoted to consideration of ideas about the primary nature of the «Bug series» and its age. As for the Kosharo-Aleksandrovskaya and Khashchevo-Zavalyevskaya suites, the composition, structure, and structural-stratigraphic position of these suits in the stratotype region unambiguously testify to their original stratigenic nature. The problem is only the origin of the rock association of magnetic anomalies, which are erroneously included in the Khashchevo-Zavalievskaya suite. But this association, according to the sum of the signs that are given in the article, also has the most probable lithogenic origin. All subdivisions of the «Bug series» are part of the unified Pobug granulite-gneiss complex of the Lower Archean. Its «stratigraphic age» is not younger than 3.8 Ga, and all younger dates indicate a long-term granulite metamorphism of the complex up to 2.0—1.9 Ga.
Clinical significance of cytokine counting in patients with multiple sclerosis and its relationship with herpes infection
Authors: Baranova NS , Gris MS , Baranov AA , Spirin NN , Artyuhov AS , Shakirova KM , Nasonov EL
Published: September 2023

There are persistent infections that contribute to the emergence and development of multiple sclerosis (MS) exacerbations; they are triggered by the Epstein–Barr, herpes type 6, herpes simplex types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster viruses. Cytokines are crucial to arresting the spread of a herpes infection in a body. If their production is out of balance, MS can progress faster. This study aimed at determining the level of cytokines in the blood serum of MS patients, assessing their clinical significance and how they affect reactivation of herpes infection. We examined 36 patients (12 male and 24 female) with confirmed MS (McDonald criteria) in remission. In 18 of them, we diagnosed reactivation of peripheral herpes virus. Serum levels of 15 cytokines (IL1ß, IL4, IL6, TNF-a, INF-γ, IL10, IL17A, IL17F, IL21, IL22, IL23, IL25, IL31, IL33, sCD40L) were determined with the help of xMAP multiplexing. Compared to the control group, MS patients had increased levels of IL10, IL33 (p < 0.001), with high IL33 identified most often (20 patients; 52.8%). During exacerbations, the average level of IL10 grew up (p < 0.01), as did that of IL31, the high levels of which were detected significantly more often (42.8 and 6.9%, respectively; p = 0.04). In addition, a prevailing scenario was the increased levels of IL33 and other cytokines (IL17A, IL17F, IL21, IL31) (57.1 and 6.9% of cases, respectively; p = 0.008). Reactivation of herpes translated into higher levels of IL1ß, IL23 and IL33 compared to cases without reactivation (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). High levels of IL33 were significantly more frequently recorded in this group of patients (77.7 and 33.3%; p = 0.008). We discuss involvement of IL10, IL31, IL33 and other cytokines in the pathogenesis of herpes-associated MS.
Development of powtoon web apps assisted colloid system material animation video to increase students' interest in learning
Authors: Wulan Sadewi Sabilla , Kamaludin Agus
Published: September 2023

Colloidal material is theoretical and abstract, making it less attractive to students studying it. This study aims to develop an animated video for colloidal system material using the Powtoon web app and test its quality. This research method is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model. Product assessment is carried out using product quality assessment sheets and student responses. Data analysis techniques use qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques described in descriptive form. The results of the evaluation of animated videos by material experts obtained an ideal percentage of 98.1% in the very good category, media experts 90% in the very good category, reviewers 94.8% in the very good variety, and students responded positively with a percentage of 93.4%. Based on the assessment results, it was concluded that the animated video developed could be used as an alternative learning medium in colloidal system material to increase students' interest in learning.
A structural model of teachers’ teaching competencies based on multimodal affective features of support vector machines
Authors: Xiong Wenting , Lai Xin
Published: September 2023

Based on big data technology, this paper first proposes to study and analyze the structural model of teachers’ teaching ability based on multimodal sentiment features of support vector machines. Then the Mel inverse spectral coefficients, wavelet packet coefficients, Fourier coefficient features, dynamic features, and global features are extracted respectively, and the features are dimensionalized using linear support vector machine and Lagrangian function, and the dimensionalized feature parameters are sent to the classifier for emotion recognition. Finally, the structural model evaluation index system of teachers’ teaching ability is constructed, and the current teaching ability development of college teachers in a province is studied and analyzed from two perspectives of teachers’ self-assessment and students’ evaluation based on multimodal emotional features of support vector machine. The results showed that in terms of teaching ability dimensions, teachers had the highest expectation of their teaching ability (4.38) in each dimension, followed in order by teachers’ self-evaluation of teaching ability (4.15), students’ expectation (4.05), and students’ evaluation of teachers’ teaching ability (3.56) was the lowest. This study reveals that teachers’ perceptions of the teaching competencies they should have are biased, and their awareness of self-development is insufficient from the emotional characteristics.
Innovation of China’s international trade methods based on the perspective of cross-border e-commerce
Authors: Zhai Yu
Published: September 2023

The innovation of international trade methods is the business of e-commerce and network trade as the transaction method. In this paper, based on the historical data of China’s foreign trade import and export, combined with the data characteristics of its information, the predictive analysis of the effect of China’s international trade methods after innovation is proposed using the support vector regression model. In the prediction analysis, the support vector regression model is mainly used to model the prediction of China’s foreign trade import and export information in time series. Finally, the model was tested using real data from the foreign trade import and export information system, and examples of different types of support vector machines, kernel functions, and the selection of their parameters were discussed. The results show that the total import and export of China’s goods trade reached RMB 30.65 trillion in 2018, and the global share of goods import and export reached 11.9%. The share of cross-border e-commerce transactions in total imports and exports increased from 7.76% in 2011 to 27.2% in 2016. The study shows that cross-border e-commerce among new trade modes has become a driving force for China’s foreign trade growth and a new growth point and engine for developing China’s foreign trade.