bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault Diagnosis of Broken Rotor Bars in Squirrel-Cage Induction Motor of Hoister Based on Duffing Oscillator and Multifractal Dimension
Authors: Zhao Zhike , Wang Xin , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: July 2014

This paper is to propose a novel fault diagnosis method for broken rotor bars in squirrel-cage induction motor of hoister, which is based on duffing oscillator and multifractal dimension. Firstly, based on the analysis of the structure and performance of modified duffing oscillator, the end of transitional slope from chaotic area to large-scale cycle area is selected as the optimal critical threshold of duffing oscillator by bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponent. Secondly, the phase transformation duffing oscillator from chaos to intermittent chaos is sensitive to the signals, whose frequency difference is quite weak from the reference signal. The spectrums of the largest Lyapunov exponents and bifurcation diagrams of the duffing oscillator are utilized to analyze the variance in different parameters of frequency. Finally, this paper is to analyze the characteristics of both single fractal (box-counting dimension) and multifractal and make a comparison between them. Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis is applied to detect extra frequency component of current signal. Experimental results reveal that the method is effective for early detection of broken rotor bars in squirrel-cage induction motor of hoister.
Graphs and Matroids Weighted in a Bounded Incline Algebra
Authors: Lu Ling-Xia , Zhang Bei
Published: July 2014

Firstly, for a graph weighted in a bounded incline algebra (or called a dioid), a longest path problem (LPP, for short) is presented, which can be considered the uniform approach to the famous shortest path problem, the widest path problem, and the most reliable path problem. The solutions for LPP and related algorithms are given. Secondly, for a matroid weighted in a linear matroid, the maximum independent set problem is studied.
Dynamics of Third-Order Nonlinear Neutral Equations
Authors: Wang Hua , Liu Li , Tan Yanxiang
Published: July 2014

The aim of this paper is to study oscillatory and asymptotic properties of the third-order nonlinear neutral equation with continuously distributed delays of the form(r(t)([xt+∫abpt,μxτt,μdμ]′′)α)′+∫cdqt,ξfαxgt,ξdξ=0. Applying suitable generalized Riccati transformation and integral averaging technique, we present new criteria for oscillation or certain asymptotic behavior of nonoscillatory solutions of this equation. Obtained results essentially improve and complement earlier ones.
Recent Advances in Facile Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanostructures: An Overview
Authors: Dehghan Banadaki Arash , Kajbafvala Amir
Published: July 2014

Nobel metal nanomaterials with interesting physical and chemical properties are ideal building blocks for engineering and tailoring nanoscale structures for specific technological applications. Bimetallic nanomaterials consisting of magnetic metals and noble metals have attracted much interest for their promising potentials in many fields including magnetic sensors, catalysts, optical detection, and biomedical applications. Particularly, effective control of the size, shape, architecture, and compositional microstructure of metal nanomaterials plays an important role in enhancing their functionality and application potentials, for example, in fuel cells, optical and biomedical sensing. This paper focuses on recent advances in controllable synthesis of bimetallic nanostructured materials. Recent contributions in controllable synthesis of bimetallic nanomaterials with different architectures including nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets, or nanotubes and their assemblies are presented in this paper. A wide range of facile synthesis methods are covered herein with high emphasis on wet chemical methods owing to their facility of use, efficacy, and smaller environmental footprint.
The High-Sensitivity Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score Is Superior to the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score as a Prognostic Predictor in Patients with Resectable Gastric Cancer
Authors: Takeno Shinsuke , Hashimoto Tatsuya , Shibata Ryosuke , Maki Kenji , Shiwaku Hironari , Yamana Ippei , Yamashita Risako , Yamashita Yuichi
Published: July 2014

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the superiority of the high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score (HS-mGPS) before surgery in patients with gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: The participants of this retrospective study comprised 552 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy at the Fukuoka University Hospital. The HS-mGPS was calculated before surgery based on cutoff values of 0.3 mg/dl for C-reactive protein and 3.5 g/dl for albumin, and correlations between the HS-mGPS and the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis were evaluated. In addition, the superiority of the HS-mGPS to the mGPS as a prognostic indicator was examined in detail. Results: The mGPS was 0 in 494 patients, 1 in 24 patients and 2 in 34 patients. In contrast, the HS-mGPS was 0 in 411 patients, 1 in 75 patients and 2 in 66 patients. Both the mGPS (p < 0.0001) and HS-mGPS (p < 0.0001) were good prognostic predictors in gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy. Of the 494 patients with an mGPS of 0 before surgery, 51 and 32 exhibited an HS-mGPS of 1 and 2, respectively. The patients who exhibited migration in the HS-mGPS demonstrated a significantly more unfavorable prognosis than the patients with an HS-mGPS of 0 (p < 0.0001). The prognostic impact of the HS-mGPS was especially clear in stage I and IV patients (p = 0.0027, p = 0.017). The HS-mGPS was found to be a superior prognostic predictor compared to the mGPS in a multivariate analysis (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: The HS-mGPS before surgery is a superior prognostic predictor in patients with gastric cancer.
Th17 and Non-Classic Th1 Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders: Two Sides of the Same Coin
Authors: Cosmi Lorenzo , Liotta Francesco , Maggi Enrico , Romagnani Sergio , Annunziato Francesco
Published: July 2014

Th17 lymphocytes, beyond their protective role in the clearance of extracellular pathogens, also play a role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis and contact dermatitis. Nevertheless, they are very rare at inflammatory sites in comparison with other T cell subsets. Recently, this rarity has been explained by the finding that Th17 cells rapidly shift into the Th1 phenotype in the presence of IL-12 and/or TNF-α as well as by the fact that they possess self-regulatory mechanisms limiting their own expansion. Th17 lymphocytes that have shifted towards a Th1 phenotype seem to be particularly aggressive and more pathogenic than the Th17 unshifted cells. As a consequence, the Th17-derived Th1 cells, named non-classic Th1 cells, can become a possible target for the therapy of some inflammatory disorders. In particular, convincing evidence has recently been accumulated indicating that this subset can play a role in Crohn's disease and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. More importantly, it has been shown that TNF-α inhibitors, which are used for the treatment of such diseases, appear to be able to inhibit the transition of Th17 lymphocytes to the non-classic Th1 phenotype, and thus they possibly help to dampen inflammation and arrest disease progression. Based on this context, the definition of the soluble factors involved in the shifting from Th17 towards non-classic Th1 subset as well as the comprehension of their respective pathogenic role in human inflammatory disorders would be of great help for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
The larva of Tricholeon relictus Hölzel & Monserrat, 2002 a synanthropic antlion (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)
Authors: ACEVEDO FERNANDO , BADANO DAVIDE , MONSERRAT VÍCTOR J.
Published: July 2014

The larva of Tricholeon relictus, a Spanish endemic antlion of Afrotropical affinities, is described and illustrated for the first time also providing a comparison with the only other European member of the tribe Dendroleontini, Dendroleon pantherinus. The larva of this species is synanthropic but probably originally lived in cave-like habitats.
A new leafhopper genus Bhatiahamus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae:
Deltocephalinae) from China with description of a new species
and a new combination
Authors: LU LIN , ZHANG YALIN
Published: July 2014

A new leafhopper genus, Bhatiahamus gen. nov., is established for B. flabellatus (Shang & Shen) n. comb. (Bhatia) (type species) and B. sinuatus sp. nov., both from China. A key to distinguish the two species is provided.
An extraordinary new blind catfish, Xiurenbagrus dorsalis (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Amblycipitidae), from Guangxi, China
Authors: XIU LI-HUI , YANG JIAN , ZHENG HUI-FANG
Published: July 2014

Xiurenbagrus dorsalis, a new cave-dwelling amblycipitid catfish species, is described based on one specimen collected from the Pearl River drainage in Guangxi, China. The new species can be distinguished from congeners in having a unique combination of features, including the absence of eyes, long barbels, dorsal-fin origin posterior to vertical line at tip of pectoral fins and an adipose fin confluent with caudal fin. This is the first record of a blind catfish in China.
Trichadenotecnum species from Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Insecta: Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Psocidae)
Authors: YOSHIZAWA KAZUNORI , LIENHARD CHARLES , GHANI IDRIS ABD.
Published: July 2014

Species of the bark louse genus Trichadenotecnum Enderlein (Insecta: Psocodea) from Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore are revised with illustrations and identification keys. Twenty species are here recognised, with four new species and ten recorded for the first time from this region, together with an unnamed species represented by a single female. The previously described species T. marginatum New & Thornton is not included because its generic assignment is questionable. Females of T. cinnamonum Endang & New, T. imrum New & Thornton and T. sibolangitense Endang, Thornton & New, and the male of T. kerinciense Endang & New are described for the first time. A new species group is defined for T. krucilense Endang, Thornton & New.
Systematics and biogeography of Hemidactylus homoeolepis Blanford, 1881 (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of a new species from Arabia
Authors: VASCONCELOS RAQUEL , CARRANZA SALVADOR
Published: July 2014

A new species of gecko of the genus Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) is described from Oman and extreme eastern Yemen. Hemidactylus minutus sp. nov. is characterized morphologically by its very small size, being the smallest Hemidactylus in mainland Arabia, absence of enlarged tubercles anywhere on the body, expanded subcaudal scales beginning some way from tail base, number of preanal pores, number of lamellae under the first and fourth toes, and weakly contrasted black and white banded pattern on the ventral part of tail. It is also genetically distinct from H. homoeolepis to which it has previously been referred, and from all other closely related Hemidactylus from the arid clade in DNA sequence data for mitochondrial (12S, cyt b, ND4) and three nuclear (RAG1, MC1R, c‑mos) markers. An adult female from southern Yemen and a badly preserved juvenile from southwestern Saudi Arabia previously assigned to H. homoeolepis are morphologically differentiated from this species and from H. minutus sp. nov. and temporarily referred to as Hemidactylus sp. 12 and Hemidactylus sp. 13, respectively until more specimens are collected and analyzed.        Up to now, H. homoeolepis was the only non-endemic native species of the Socotra Archipelago. With the description of H. minutus sp. nov., all native reptile species of Socotra are now endemic, such that this archipelago has one with the highest number of endemic reptiles in relation to its small size. In addition, as a result of our taxonomic change, the area of occupancy and extent of occurrence of H. homoeolepis have changed dramatically and thus its conservation status should be updated. Although H. minutus sp. nov. seems widely distributed and relatively abundant, its conservation status should also be re-evaluated.
Millipedes of Cyprus (Myriapoda: Diplopoda)
Authors: VAGALINSKI BOYAN , GOLOVATCH SERGEI , SIMAIAKIS STYLIANOS MICHAIL , ENGHOFF HENRIK , STOEV PAVEL
Published: July 2014

The paper presents an annotated catalogue of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Cyprus, based on literature scrutiny and on hitherto unpublished material. A total of 21 species belonging to 14 genera, 9 families and 7 orders are recorded from the island. Three species are regarded as new to science, but are not formally described, and the status of another three is yet to be clarified. Pachyiulus cyprius Brölemann, 1896 and Strongylosoma (Tetrarthrosoma) cyprium Verhoeff, 1902 are established as junior subjective synonyms of Amblyiulus barroisi (Porat, 1893) and T. syriacum (Humbert & DeSaussure, 1869), respectively, both syn. nov. The present-day diversity of the Cypriotic millipede fauna is analysed in the light of past geological events. It is presumed that the fauna originated from the late Miocene, when Cyprus was formed as a result of uplift of the sea floor. During the Messinian salinity crisis, some 6–5.3 mya, land bridges existed between the island and the neighbouring Taurus Mts. (Turkey) and the region of Latakia (Syria), which are supposed to have served as migratory pathways for various millipede taxa.
Observation and Teacher Quality
Authors: Caughlan Samantha , Jiang Heng
Published: July 2014

Teacher preparation programs commonly use observational instruments to assess the progress and the exit performances of teacher candidates. However, while these instruments have been described and several have been studied for effectiveness, the field lacks a close examination of how they position participants: teacher candidates, K-12 pupils, and teacher educators. This article closely examines three classroom observation instruments used in preservice programs. We use critical discourse analysis (CDA) and systemic-functional linguistics to examine how the grammar of these instruments assigns agency and positions participants as teachers and learners, and define their larger discourses of professionalism and accountability. We argue that instruments differ in the extent to which they grant participants agency, thus influencing the assumed pedagogical relations among the teacher educator, teacher candidate, and K-12 pupils. Instruments are not neutral, but reflect the values of the programs that use them, inflected by often contradictory discourses of teacher and student learning.
Coverage of the Stanford Prison Experiment in Introductory Psychology Textbooks
Authors: Griggs Richard A.
Published: July 2014

Zimbardo’s 1971 Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE), one of the most famous studies in psychology, is discussed in most introductory textbooks. The present study is concerned with the nature of this coverage, given that there have been myriad criticisms, especially recently, of the SPE. These criticisms concern both Zimbardo’s situationist explanation of the outcome and the study’s methodology, such as the presence of strong demand characteristics. Thirteen contemporary introductory textbooks were analyzed for their coverage of the SPE and the ensuing criticisms of it. Eleven of these texts discussed the SPE, but only six even mentioned any of the criticisms. Possible explanations for such coverage and a plan to incorporate more accurate coverage within the discussion of research methods are offered.
Teaching About Implicit Prejudices and Stereotypes
Authors: Adams Virgil H. , Devos Thierry , Rivera Luis M. , Smith Heather , Vega Luis A.
Published: July 2014

Social psychology instructors from five distinct state universities in California examined the effect of incorporating the implicit association test (IAT) in a teaching module on students’ perceived knowledge of implicit biases and motivation to control prejudice. Students ( N = 258) completed a knowledge survey on prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination and a motivation to control prejudice scale before (Time 1) and after (Time 2) a teaching module on implicit and explicit prejudice that included taking the IAT. Results showed that students’ perceived knowledge of implicit biases increased after completing the teaching module. In addition, the more students displayed an implicit bias against African Americans (relative to European Americans), the more they reported mastering course material about implicit biases and the more they indicated being internally motivated to control prejudice (at Time 2). These findings suggest that using the IAT as a teaching tool might be a beneficial learning experience, in particular for individuals who display relatively pronounced implicit biases.
“Victor the Wild Boy” as a Teaching Tool for the History of Psychology
Authors: Nawrot Elizabeth
Published: July 2014

The article describes an innovative technique for teaching the History of Psychology (HoP) using the story of Victor the “Wild Boy” of Aveyron. Students were given both a traditional history textbook and assignments, along with a novel on the life of Victor and a themed writing assignment. The goal was to elicit connections between Victor’s story and the HoP to increase enthusiasm and engagement in the material. Pre- and postcourse assessments were collected and compared to a senior seminar. Results indicated that students in HoP had higher ratings of overall knowledge and enthusiasm than seminar students. In particular, the Victor reading and assignment were positively evaluated. Students were able to connect the story of Victor to a wide range of people and ideas in the HoP. Using Victor’s story as a teaching tool was effective and engaging in this challenging course.
Too Much Matching
Authors: Eastwick Paul W. , Buck April A.
Published: July 2014

The Pairing Game is a popular classroom demonstration that illustrates how people select romantic partners who approximate their own desirability. However, this game produces matching correlations that greatly exceed the correlations that characterize actual romantic pairings, perhaps because the game does not incorporate the social relations model concept of the relationship effect. We conducted a straightforward variant of the Pairing Game that included relationship effects. As predicted, the matching correlation decreased in the modified versus the original version of the game, and the modified game also clarified difficult social relations model concepts for students. Actual romantic evaluations exhibit both consensus and idiosyncratic variability; this modification of the Pairing Game adds realism by representing both elements.
You Can Lead a Horse to Water
Authors: Van Camp Debbie , Baugh Stacey-Ann
Published: July 2014

An increasing number of publishers offer online companion websites that students pay to access with the expectation that using these will significantly increase their grade. This research assessed the students’ attitudes toward and the efficacy of components of MyPsychLab, a companion site for Introduction to Psychology. Students reported liking MyPsychLab and felt it helped their grades. Composite data across three semesters and three professors suggest that use of MyPsychLab is associated with better grades for individual students. However, making its use a course requirement did not improve the overall class grade or passing rate. Whether it was optional or required, not all students used MyPsychLab, suggesting a need to improve students’ use of available and beneficial resources.
Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Rapp John T. , Lanovaz Marc J.
Published: July 2014

Stereotypy is often characterized as repetitious, invariant behavior that generates its own reinforcing consequence. Stereotypy represents a unique treatment challenge, because the consequences produced by stereotypy cannot be directly controlled by the practitioner. Likewise, practitioners have relatively few options for identifying the function of repetitive behavior. Recently, several researchers have been conducting empirical studies to address these issues. This article introduces a special issue presenting some of these recent developments in the assessment and treatment of stereotypy and related behavior.
Game Mechanics in the Design of a Collaborative 3D Serious Game
Authors: Oksanen Kimmo , Hämäläinen Raija
Published: July 2014

Background

This article investigates the potential of utilizing game mechanics in designing 3D serious games for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) and attempt to produce new information about designing collaborative serious games.

Aim

This article has two aims: First, to clarify how theoretical knowledge of collaborative learning was related to game design in previous studies; and, second, to design a collaborative serious game based on theoretical knowledge of collaborative learning and game design.

Results

The reviewed studies revealed the potential of using collaborative games in education. However, they showed that collaborative learning games were typically designed only from pedagogical perspective. Thus, integrating educational theory and game design perspectives was rare. Therefore, we argue that collaborative serious games do not necessarily take full advantage of their potential.

Conclusion

The main contribution of this article is to present seven ways to utilize game mechanics in order to create favorable conditions for collaborative learning and to structure players’ actions to boost social interaction and collaborative activities. This article concludes with an example of taking advantage of game mechanics in the design of a collaborative serious game. This article also uses event-charts to demonstrate the practical implementation of game mechanics in three multiplayer puzzles.
Distinguishing Addiction From High Engagement
Authors: Seok Soonhwa , DaCosta Boaventura
Published: July 2014

This study investigated certain social aspects of young massively multiplayer online game (MMOG) players’ lives in the context of pathological gameplay while distinguishing addiction from high engagement. Online gameplay frequency and demographic information were also examined. Of the 1,332 sampled, those classified as addicted self-reported the largest percentage of (a) playing online games, (b) scheduling their lives around their gameplay, (c) playing games instead of spending time with family and friends, (d) getting into verbal and physical altercations, and (e) playing to interact with friends and strangers. Statistical analysis, however, revealed no significant differences between the groups, perhaps supporting the idea that players progress through a phase of high engagement before reaching the stage of addiction and that those highly engaged might already show traits or behaviors very similar to, if not the same as, those addicted with regard to certain aspects of their social lives.
Games as Art and Kant’s Moral Dilemma
Authors: Devine Theresa Claire , Presnell William Andrew , Miller Samuel
Published: July 2014

Every day we are vicariously presented with situations based on various sensory realms in which decisions must be made and actions taken. This occurs in interactive, video, audio, and textual media alike. Immersive game environments intensify this process, as James Gee states in 2003, but intrinsic learning has taken place in board games, and according to Mary Flanagan this dates back at least to 1250. On top of this, games are currently beginning to assert themselves as works of art. Considering game designers as artists raises the bar for creative responsibility. The goal of this article is to further an understanding of the role of the game designer as moral teacher and artist by studying an intersection of ethics and games. Our methodology for this study is to play through the “Tranquility Lane” quest in the video game Fallout 3 using Kant’s theory and discuss creative choices in its design using the Categorical Imperative.
Cultural diversity and subjective well-being
Authors: Longhi Simonetta
Published: July 2014

This paper analyses the impact that diversity has on life satisfaction of people living in England. In England, and in many other countries, local communities are becoming more diverse in terms of country of birth, ethnicity and religion of residents, with unclear consequences on the well-being of people living in these communities. The results suggest that white British people living in diverse areas have on average lower levels of life satisfaction than those living in areas where diversity is low, while there is no correlation on average between diversity and life satisfaction for non-white British people and foreign born.

JEL codes

J31, J61, R23
Bringing systems biology to cancer, immunology and infectious disease
Authors: Janes Kevin A , Wang Chun-Chao
Published: July 2014

A report on the seventh annual ‘International Conference on Systems Biology of Human Disease’ held in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 17–19 June, 2014.
PLDA in the i-supervector space for text-independent speaker verification
Authors: Jiang Ye , Lee Kong Aik , Wang Longbiao
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we advocate the use of the uncompressed form of i-vector and depend on subspace modeling using probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) in handling the speaker and session (or channel) variability. An i-vector is a low-dimensional vector containing both speaker and channel information acquired from a speech segment. When PLDA is used on an i-vector, dimension reduction is performed twice: first in the i-vector extraction process and second in the PLDA model. Keeping the full dimensionality of the i-vector in the i-supervector space for PLDA modeling and scoring would avoid unnecessary loss of information. We refer to the uncompressed i-vector as the i-supervector. The drawback in using the i-supervector with PLDA is the inversion of large matrices in the estimation of the full posterior distribution, which we show can be solved rather efficiently by portioning large matrices into smaller blocks. We also introduce the Gaussianized rank-norm, as an alternative to whitening, for feature normalization prior to PLDA modeling. We found that the i-supervector performs better during normalization. A better performance is obtained by combining the i-supervector and i-vector at the score level. Furthermore, we also analyze the computational complexity of the i-supervector system, compared with that of the i-vector, at four different stages of loading matrix estimation, posterior extraction, PLDA modeling, and PLDA scoring.
Independent Fiscal Institutions as a Tool of Fiscal Governance
Authors: Dziemianowicz Ryta
Published: July 2014

The recent economic crisis, one of the symptoms of which is a sudden increase of public debt in the majority of OECD countries, again made the government and the society aware of the necessity for conducting transparent, but also responsible fiscal policy. Creating a framework of the fiscal discipline responsible fiscal policy started to be perceived as an essential condition of effective governance leading to reduce budget deficit and public debt. The independent fiscal institutions may be included into regulations supporting public finance management. Their fundamental aim is to reduce the related risk of conducting the irresponsible fiscal policy, monitoring it, controlling deficit and assessing long-term effects of government action in this area. The purpose of this article is to present independent fiscal institutions and evaluate their usefulness in enhancing the effectiveness of the fiscal policy and stabilizing public finance. Experiences of the EU and OECD countries were used in the analysis.
Research Note—Discriminant Analysis with Strategically Manipulated Data
Authors: Zhang Juheng , Aytug Haldun , Koehler Gary J.
Published: July 2014

We study the problem where a decision maker uses a linear classifier over attribute values (e.g., age, income, etc.) to classify agents into classes (e.g., creditworthy or not). Sometimes the attribute values are altered and/or hidden by agents to obtain a favorable but undeserved classification. Our main goal is to develop methods to thwart agents from hiding or distorting attribute values to obtain a favorable but incorrect classification. Intentionally altered attributes to obtain strategic goals have been studied. In this paper we develop methods that handle strategic hiding (i.e., nondisclosure) and then merge them with methods to thwart strategic distortion in the context of classification.
Subsidizing the Distribution Channel: Donor Funding to Improve the Availability of Malaria Drugs
Authors: Taylor Terry A. , Xiao Wenqiang
Published: July 2014

In countries that bear the heaviest burden of malaria, most patients seek medicine for the disease in the private sector. Because the availability and affordability of recommended malaria drugs provided by the private-sector distribution channel is poor, donors (e.g., the Global Fund) are devoting substantial resources to fund subsidies that encourage the channel to improve access to these drugs. A key question for a donor is whether it should subsidize the purchases and/or the sales of the private-sector distribution channel. We show that the donor should only subsidize purchases and should not subsidize sales. We characterize the robustness of this result to four key assumptions: the product's shelf life is long, the retailer has flexibility in setting the price, the retailer is the only level in the distribution channel, and retailers are homogeneous.

This paper was accepted by Martin Lariviere, operations management.
Robust Portfolio Choice and Indifference Valuation
Authors: Laeven Roger J. A. , Stadje Mitja
Published: July 2014

We solve, theoretically and numerically, the problems of optimal portfolio choice and indifference valuation in a general continuous-time setting. The setting features (i) ambiguity and time-consistent ambiguity-averse preferences, (ii) discontinuities in the asset price processes, with a general and possibly infinite activity jump part next to a continuous diffusion part, and (iii) general and possibly nonconvex trading constraints. We characterize our solutions as solutions to backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs). Generalizing Kobylanski's result for quadratic BSDEs to an infinite activity jump setting, we prove existence and uniqueness of the solution to a general class of BSDEs, encompassing the solutions to our portfolio choice and valuation problems as special cases. We provide an explicit decomposition of the excess return on an asset into a risk premium and an ambiguity premium, and a further decomposition into a piece stemming from the diffusion part and a piece stemming from the jump part. We further compute our solutions in a few examples by numerically solving the corresponding BSDEs using regression techniques.
Robustness of Order-Up-to Policies in Lost-Sales Inventory Systems
Authors: Bijvank Marco , Huh Woonghee Tim , Janakiraman Ganesh , Kang Wanmo
Published: July 2014

We study an inventory system under periodic review when excess demand is lost. It is known (Huh et al. 2009) that the best base-stock policy is asymptotically optimal as the lost-sales penalty cost parameter grows. We now show that this result is robust in the following sense: Consider the base-stock level which is optimal in a backordering system (with a per-unit-per-period backordering cost) in which the backorder cost parameter is a function of the lost-sales parameter in the original system. Then there is a large family of functions (mapping the lost-sales cost parameter to the backorder cost parameter) such that the resulting base-stock policy is asymptotically optimal. We also demonstrate the robustness phenomenon through a second result. We consider the base-stock level which is optimal in a backordering system in which a unit of backorder is charged a penalty cost only once (such a system has been studied by Rosling). We show that this base-stock policy is also asymptotically optimal. Furthermore, we show that a modification suggested by Archibald of this base-stock level also results in an asymptotically optimal policy. Finally, we numerically test the performance of this heuristic policy for a wide spectrum of values for the lost-sales penalty cost parameter and illustrate the superior performance of Archibald's method.
Musicking in the City: Reconceptualizing Urban Music Education as Cultural Practice
Authors: Fernández Rubén A. Gaztambide
Published: July 2014

Challenging prevailing ideas of urban music in order to expand normative conceptions of urban music education, this essay proposes a reconceptualization of urban music education as cultural practice. Music educators, particularly those working in urban classrooms and committed to social justice, need to work both with and against the prevailing narrow conception of the “urban” that shapes the way we think about both urban music and urban education. Drawing on insights from contemporary cultural theory, the essay extends a definition of the urban as cultural practice and points to the possibilities that such a framework might offer for a reconceptualization of urban music education.
A commitment to quality
Authors: Nicholson Sue
Published: July 2014

The Basic Skills Primary Quality Mark combines rigorous school self-review with the opportunity to achieve a nationally recognised accreditation.
The Effect of Chocolate on the Behaviour of Preschool Children
Authors: Ingram Michelle , Rapee Ronald M.
Published: July 2014

Despite the popular belief that chocolate adversely affects young children's behaviour, there have been no direct investigations into the behavioural response to chocolate consumption. This study investigated the effect of chocolate ingestion on the behaviour of 26 preschool children. Dried fruit was consumed in a separate condition to control for nonspecific factors, such as excitement and novelty, associated with the effects of receiving positive substances. Children were observed while they listened to a short story, immediately before and 30 minutes after they ate chocolate or fruit. The children's behaviours were videotaped and scored by two blind raters who coded their behaviours according to six objective and two subjective measures. There were no significant behavioural changes due to consumption of either chocolate or fruit on subjective and objective ratings. These findings raise questions about the popular perception that chocolate promotes poor attention and increased activity in preschool children.
Reviews
Authors: Goron Michael , Adamson Charles D. , Lovensheimer Jim , Graziano John
Published: July 2014

Gilbert and Sullivan: Class and the Savoy Tradition, 1875�1896, Regina B. Oost (2009) Farnham: Ashgate, 168 pp., ISBN: 9780754664123, h/bk, �50

The Cambridge Companion to Gilbert and Sullivan, David Eden and Meinhard Saremba (eds) (2009) Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, v+274 pp., ISBN: 9780521716598, h/bk., �45, p/bk, 17.99

Anything Goes: A History of American Musical Theatre, Ethan Mordden (2013) New York: Oxford University Press, 322 pp., ISBN: 9780199892839, h/bk, $29.95 (US)

Show Boat: Performing Race In An American Musical, Todd�Decker (2012) New York: Oxford University Press, 309 pp., ISBN: 9780199759378, h/bk, $35.00

There�s a Place for us; the Musical Theatre Works of Leonard Bernstein, Helen Smith (2011) Farnham and Vermont: Ashgate, 318 pp., ISBN: 9781409411697, h/bk, �60/$100
Postoperative Perforation of the Schneiderian Membrane in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Case Report
Authors: Jo Kyu-Hong , Yoon Kyu-Ho , Cheong Jeong-Kwon , Jeon In-Seong
Published: July 2014

Perforation of the Schneiderian membrane constitutes a major intraoperative complication of maxillary sinus floor elevation with graft materials, but postoperative perforation of the sinus membrane is very rare. This case report demonstrates that conservative treatment involving drainage and the administration of systemic antibiotics can be used to successfully treat postoperative sinus membrane perforation with infection of the graft material.
The “Washing Line” Suture Technique for Securing the Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft
Authors: McCrea Shane J. J.
Published: July 2014

Following tooth extraction, resorption of the buccal wall of the socket will occur; this will be true for both the maxilla and the mandible. Where the extraction site is surrounded by natural dentition, the loss of the buccal alveolar plate can degrade the visual aesthetics of an implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation. To aid the harmonization of the hard and soft tissue morphology, both hard and soft tissue augmentation can be carried out either consecutively with an extraction/immediate implant placement or prior to an implant placement in the delayed scenario. The contemporary method of increasing soft tissue volume is to use the Subepithelial Connective Tissue (auto) Graft (the SCTG). The graft requires fixation, otherwise it can be extruded from the recipient site. This article presents a novel suturing technique which can confidently secure the SCTG, thus resisting its dislodgement.
Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in college students: association with sociodemographic variables
Authors: Lima Adman Câmara Soares , Araújo Márcio Flávio Moura , Freitas Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de , Zanetti Maria Lúcia , Almeida Paulo César de , Damasceno Marta Maria Coelho
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE: identify the modifiable risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in college students and associate these factors with their sociodemographic variables.METHOD: cross-sectional study, involving 702 college students from Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, physical exercise data and blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose levels were collected.RESULTS: the most prevalent risk factor was sedentariness, followed by overweight, central obesity, high fasting plasma glucose and arterial hypertension. A statistically significant association was found between overweight and sex (p=0.000), age (p=0.004) and marital status (p=0.012), as well as between central obesity and age (p=0.018) and marital status (p=0.007) and between high fasting plasma glucose and sex (p=0.033).CONCLUSION: distinct risk factors were present in the study population, particularly sedentariness and overweight.
How do primary health care professionals deal with pregnant women who are victims of domestic violence?
Authors: Salcedo-Barrientos Dora Mariela , Miura Paula Orchiucci , Macedo Vanessa Dias , Egry Emiko Yoshikawa
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVES: to determine how Family Health Strategy professionals recognize and deal with domestic violence in pregnant women.METHOD: qualitative study based on the Theory of Praxis Intervention in Collective Health Nursing (TIPESC). Fourteen professionals at a Basic Health Unit in the east side of Sao Paulo/Brazil were interviewed. Empirical data were categorized and discussed in thematic groups. For data analysis was used the technique of Discourse Analysis.RESULTS: we identified low number of reported cases of domestic violence; lack of education and training of health care professionals; failure in the identification and intervention process due to bias on their personal problems, moral attitudes and prejudice against these women. In addition, the study showed that their labor process was based entirely on the biological aspects of the women and to overcome this, they need of proper rapport between health care professionals and pregnant women to deal with of domestic violence.CONCLUSION: professionals should develop skills to intervene in violence against pregnant women and also modify labor processes considering women in their totality and part of society.
Factors related to failure to attend the consultation to receive the results of the Pap smear test
Authors: Vasconcelos Camila Teixeira Moreira , Cunha Denise de Fátima Fernandes , Coelho Cássia Fernandes , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra , Sawada Namie Okino
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE: to identify the factors related to the failure of women to attend the follow-up consultation to receive the results of the Pap smear test.METHOD: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 775 patients who underwent the Pap smear test in the Centro de Saúde da Família of Fortaleza, between September 2010 and February 2011.RESULTS: the majority of the women studied were young (≤35 years), had low levels of education (≤7 years of study), and commenced sexual activity early (≤20 years), with 17.0% of them failing to return to receive the test results. Statistically significant results for the failure to return were related to: young women (p=0.001); early onset of sexual activity (p=0.047); and inadequate knowledge about the Pap smear test (p=0.029). Conclusion the fact that the women failed to return for the result is a problem for the control of cervical cancer and must be addressed through educational strategies that reinforce the importance of the return for the early detection of this cancer.
Experience of sexuality after breast cancer: a qualitative study with women in rehabilitation
Authors: Vieira Elisabeth Meloni , Santos Daniela Barsotti , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Giami Alain
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE: to comprehend the psychosocial and cultural repercussions of breast cancer and its treatment on the sexuality of women.METHOD: this is a qualitative study grounded in the Sexual Scripts Theory with the participation of 23 women who were interviewed and participated in focus groups discussion.RESULTS: each category was related to a level of the sexual scripts. At the cultural scenario level a discourse on sexuality that includes definitions of sexual attractiveness and sexuality was highlighted. The interpersonal scripts level focused on the communication regarding sexuality established with the partner and with healthcare professionals category; and at the subjectivity scripts level the reports of improvement, deterioration and no change in the sexual life after cancer were analyzed.CONCLUSION: the experience of cancer involves cultural, relational, and subjective aspects that affect the sexual life, therefore, healthcare professionals should be aware of them to improve integral healthcare.
AIDS in adults 50 years of age and over: characteristics, trends and spatial distribution of the risk
Authors: Nogueira Jordana de Almeida , Silva Antônia Oliveira , Sá Laísa Ribeiro de , Almeida Sandra Aparecida de , Monroe Aline Aparecida , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics, epidemic trend and spatial distribution of the risk of AIDS in adults 50 years of age and over.METHOD: population-based, ecological study, that used secondary data from the Notifiable Disease Information System (Sinan/AIDS) of Paraíba state from the period January 2000 to December 2010.RESULTS: during the study period, 307 cases of AIDS were reported among people 50 years of age or over. There was a predominance of males (205/66, 8%), mixed race, and low education levels. The municipalities with populations above 100 thousand inhabitants reported 58.5% of the cases. There was a progressive increase in cases among women; an increasing trend in the incidence (positive linear correlation); and an advance in the geographical spread of the disease, with expansion to the coastal region and to the interior of the state, reaching municipalities with populations below 30 thousand inhabitants. In some locations the risk of disease was 100 times greater than the relative risk for the state.CONCLUSION: aging, with the feminization and interiorization of the epidemic in adults 50 years of age and over, confirms the need for the induction of affirmative policies targeted toward this age group.
Teoria da Atividade: contribuições conceituais e metodológicas para o estudo da aprendizagem organizacional
Authors: Querol Marco Antonio Pereira , Cassandre Marcio Pascoal , Bulgacov Yára Lúcia Mazziotti
Published: July 2014

Atualmente existe no Brasil uma crescente discussão sobre aprendizagem organizacional na área de Administração. Desta forma, este artigo visa contribuir para essa discussão introduzindo elementos teórico-metodológicos provenientes da Teoria da Atividade, pertencente à perspectiva histórico-cultural, de tradição russa. Dentro dessa proposta, a metodologia de pesquisa de desenvolvimento do trabalho e a aprendizagem expansiva são apresentadas como elementos alinhados a essa teoria e promissores no estudo da aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento organizacional, contribuindo para a aprendizagem do nível individual e coletivo. Com base nesse escopo teórico-metodológico de pesquisa, pretende-se contribuir para novos debates, oportunizando o diálogo com outras perspectivas de análise bem como considerando a possibilidade da própria expansão do conceito sobre aprendizagem organizacional.
Lesões cutâneas tipo tumorais associadas à infeção por avipoxvirus em uma marreca-cabocla (Dendrocygna autumnalis)
Authors: Pereira Washington Luiz Assunção , Gabriel Áurea Linhares Martins , Monger Suellen da Gama Barbosa , Moraes Leopoldo Augusto , Queiroz Darlene Kássia Saraiva , Souza Alex Junior Souza de
Published: July 2014

O setor de reabilitação de aves selvagens do Parque Mangual das Garças, localizado em Belém, Pará, recebeu um espécime de Marreca-cabocla (Dendrocygna autumnalis). O animal apresentava lesões nodulares em regiões desprovidas de penas na asa, que consistiam de dois grandes nódulos cutâneos de aspecto tumoral, que mediram 4,2 x 3,8 cm e 2,8 x 2,2 cm de comprimento e largura, respectivamente. Os nódulos foram removidos cirurgicamente, fixados em formol a 10%, e as amostras foram processadas para histopatologia, coradas pela hematoxilina-eosina. Na análise histopatológica, observaram-se acantose e expressiva hiperceratose; várias células mostraram espongiose. O diagnóstico da bouba foi estabelecido pelo sinal patognomônico da presença de grandes corpúsculos de inclusão eosinofílicos intracitoplasmáticos (corpúsculos de Bollinger) nas células epiteliais da lesão tumoral. Este é o primeiro relato de infecção por poxvírus em ave selvagen no Estado do Pará, Brasil.
Reasons for mini-implants failure: choosing installation site should be valued!
Authors: Consolaro Alberto , Romano Fábio Lourenço
Published: July 2014

Mini-implant loss is often associated with physical and mechanical aspects that result from choosing an inappropriate placement site. It is worth highlighting that: a) Interdental alveolar bone crests are flexible and deformable. For this reason, they may not offer the ideal absolute anchorage. The more cervical the structures, the more delicate they are, thus offering less physical support for mini-implant placement; b) Alveolar bone crests of triangular shape are more deformable, whereas those of rectangular shape are more flexible; c) The bases of the alveolar processes of the maxilla and the mandible are not flexible, for this reason, they are more likely to receive mini-implants; d) The more cervical a mini-implant is placed, the higher the risk of loss; the more apical a mini-implant is placed, the better its prognosis will be; e) 3D evaluations play a major role in planning the use of mini-implants. Based on the aforementioned considerations, the hypotheses about mini-implant loss are as follows: 1) Deflection of maxillary and mandibular alveolar processes when mini-implants are more cervically placed; 2) Mini-implants placed too near the periodontal ligament, with normal intra-alveolar tooth movement; 3) Low bone density, low thickness and low alveolar bone volume; 4) Low alveolar cortical bone thickness; 5) Excessive pressure inducing trabecular bone microfracture; 6) Sites of higher anatomical weakness in the mandible and the maxilla; 7) Thicker gingival tissue not considered when choosing the mini-implant.