bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-loss high-confinement terahertz guided-wave propagation along a subwavelength gap between double-dielectric-ridge-integrated gratings
Authors: Tehranian Ali , Ahmadi-Boroujeni Mehdi , Abbaszadeh Afshin
Published: July 2023

Dielectric grating-based spoof surface plasmonic (SSP) structures are among the recent low-loss and subwavelength field-concentrating solutions for realizing high-density terahertz (THz) and sub-THz integrated circuits. In this paper, we report on a novel waveguide structure capable of supporting highly confined SSP mode while exhibiting much lower propagation loss compared to other similar SSP structures. The proposed structure is composed of two perfectly aligned identical silica ridges placed on the inner faces of the metallic plates of a parallel plate waveguide with a proper plate distancing in order to leave an empty gap region between the ridges. Each of the ridges embodies a periodic arrangement of high-resistivity silicon blocks with the same height as their own, although with smaller widths compared to their width. By performing modal analysis on the 2D and 3D structures of the proposed waveguide, its propagation properties are studied. It is observed that if the gap region is properly designed, a waveguiding structure with a subwavelength cross-sectional size around λ0/3×λ0/3, where λ0 is the free-space wavelength at the maximum frequency of operation, capable of providing a high degree of field confinement over a wide frequency bandwidth of nearly two octaves and with a very low propagation loss factor compared to similar SSP structures is achieved. Moreover, the performance of the proposed waveguide for implementing a 90° waveguide bend of the radius λ0/3, and for obtaining a spectroscopy-based refractive-index sensor is addressed. The results of our assessments suggest that the proposed waveguide can bring the state-of-the-art SSP designs yet another step closer to realizing ideal waveguiding structures for various applications in THz and sub-THz regimes.
Constructing a full, multiple-layer interactome for SARS-CoV-2 in the context of lung disease: Linking the virus with human genes and microbes
Authors: Lou Shaoke , Yang Mingjun , Li Tianxiao , Zhao Weihao , Cevasco Hannah , Yang Yucheng T. , Gerstein Mark
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in millions of deaths worldwide. The disease presents with various manifestations that can vary in severity and long-term outcomes. Previous efforts have contributed to the development of effective strategies for treatment and prevention by uncovering the mechanism of viral infection. We now know all the direct protein–protein interactions that occur during the lifecycle of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but it is critical to move beyond these known interactions to a comprehensive understanding of the “full interactome” of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which incorporates human microRNAs (miRNAs), additional human protein-coding genes, and exogenous microbes. Potentially, this will help in developing new drugs to treat COVID-19, differentiating the nuances of long COVID, and identifying histopathological signatures in SARS-CoV-2-infected organs. To construct the full interactome, we developed a statistical modeling approach called MLCrosstalk (multiple-layer crosstalk) based on latent Dirichlet allocation. MLCrosstalk integrates data from multiple sources, including microbes, human protein-coding genes, miRNAs, and human protein–protein interactions. It constructs "topics" that group SARS-CoV-2 with genes and microbes based on similar patterns of co-occurrence across patient samples. We use these topics to infer linkages between SARS-CoV-2 and protein-coding genes, miRNAs, and microbes. We then refine these initial linkages using network propagation to contextualize them within a larger framework of network and pathway structures. Using MLCrosstalk, we identified genes in the IL1-processing and VEGFA–VEGFR2 pathways that are linked to SARS-CoV-2. We also found thatRothia mucilaginosaandPrevotella melaninogenicaare positively and negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 abundance, a finding corroborated by analysis of single-cell sequencing data.
Perspectives and experiences of the first geriatricians trained in Canada
Authors: Wong Eric Kai-Chung , Day Alexander , Zorzitto Maria , Sale Joanna E. M.
Published: July 2023

Many Canadian-trained geriatricians from the subspecialty’s first decade of existence continue to practice today. The objective of this study was to examine the experiences and perspectives of the earliest cohort of geriatricians in Canada. Using qualitative description method, we conducted semi-structured interviews to explore participants’ experiences in training and practice. We included geriatricians who trained in Canada between 1980–1989 and were in active clinical practice as of October 2021. Each transcript was coded independently by two investigators. Thematic analysis was used to develop key themes. Fourteen participants (43% female, mean years in practice 35.9) described their choice to enter geriatric medicine, their training process, the roles of a geriatrician, challenges facing the profession and advice for trainees. Two themes were developed from the data: (i) advocacy for the older adult and (ii) geriatrics as “the road less taken”. Advocacy was described as the “core mission” of a geriatrician. Participants discussed the importance of advocacy in clinical practice, education, research and disseminating geriatric principles in the health system and society. “The road less taken” reflected the challenges participants faced during training, which led to relatively few geriatricians for the growing number of older adults in Canada. Despite these challenges, participants described rewarding careers and encouraged trainees to consider the profession.
Examining workweek variations in computer usage patterns: An application of ergonomic monitoring software
Authors: Roh Taehyun , Esomonu Chukwuemeka , Hendricks Joseph , Aggarwal Anisha , Hasan Nishat Tasnim , Benden Mark
Published: July 2023

Alternative work arrangements have emerged as potential solutions to enhance productivity and work-life balance. However, accurate and objective measurement of work patterns is essential to make decisions about adjusting work arrangements. This study aimed at evaluating objective computer usage metrics as a proxy for productivity using RSIGuard, an ergonomics monitoring software. Data were collected from 789 office-based employees over a two-year period between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018 at a large energy company in Texas. A generalized mixed-effects model was utilized to compare computer usage patterns across different days of the week and times of the day. Our findings demonstrate that computer output metrics significantly decrease on Fridays compared to other weekdays, even after controlling for total active hours. Additionally, we found that workers’ output varied depending on the time of day, with reduced computer usage observed in the afternoons and a significant decrease on Friday afternoons. The decrease in the number of typos was much less than that in the number of words typed, indicating reduced work efficiency on Friday afternoons. These objective indicators provide a novel approach to evaluating the productivity during the workweek and can help optimize work arrangements to promote sustainability for the benefit of employers, employees, and the environment.
Illustrating isolation: Visual strategies in the films of Kon Ichikawa
Authors: Barrowman Kyle
Published: July 2023

In this article, I attempt to establish some auteurist coordinates for analyses of the films of Kon Ichikawa. Though historically overlooked in studies of Japanese cinema in favour of more classical filmmakers like Yasujirō Ozu, Kenji Mizoguchi and Akira Kurosawa on the one hand and more contemporary filmmakers like Seijun Suzuki, Takeshi Kitano and Takashi Miike on the other, I argue that Ichikawa is a unique and skilled auteur whose complex narratives and powerful themes are manifest in his richly idiosyncratic visual strategies. Towards the goal of capturing the scope and diversity of his prolific career, I explore films from The Heart (1955) and Conflagration (1958) through Odd Obsession (1959) and An Actor’s Revenge (1963) up to The Devil’s Island (1977) and The Makioka Sisters (1983). In so doing, I strive to distinguish Ichikawa from contemporaries like Ozu and elucidate the specifics of his unique visual strategies. Focusing on his penchant for character studies and his ability to isolate his characters in physical space in front of the camera as well as within the space of the frame itself, I argue that the unifying thread in Ichikawa’s career is his fascination with outsider characters alienated from friends, family and society and whose isolation he depicts by virtue of brilliant use of both the full and widescreen frame, by playing with foreground and background, by utilizing light and shadow and by subverting shot/reverse shot editing. Whether in comedic or dramatic contexts, and whether in period sagas or contemporary stories, Ichikawa devoted himself to lonely characters in crisis and committed his mise en scène to the externalization of the internal thoughts and emotions of his anguished characters.
On the history of the university theatre: A reading in the theatrical movement of King Saud University in the period from 1974 to 2000
Authors: Althaqeel Naif Khalaf
Published: July 2023

King Saud University was founded in 1957 as the first university in Saudi Arabia. It was the leading university in presenting theatrical activities and its theatre movement has influenced the landscape of Saudi theatre since 1974–75. The history of theatre in this university has not been explored and investigated very well. This study, therefore, attempts to provide a reading on the history of the theatrical movement at King Saud University, seeking to shed light on various aspects of the characteristics of the university’s theatrical movement and its organizational style. Due to the scarcity of research sources on the subject, the study was based mainly on reports that were written about theatrical activity and kept in the archives of the university. The scope of this study was limited to the university theatre course in only a quarter of a century from 1975 to 2000.
¿Cómo impulsar la educomunicación y la alfabetización mediática desde el sistema educativo en España? Diagnóstico, problemática y propuestas por los expertos
Authors: Gil Ingrid , Marzal-Felici Javier
Published: July 2023

El mundo posdigital en el que vivimos y nos comunicamos hace que la formación necesaria para moverse en este entorno multipantallas sea más necesaria que nunca. En el presente trabajo, se presentan los problemas y retos actuales a los que se enfrenta el sistema educativo y las instituciones, así como algunas propuestas para avanzar en este campo. Esta sistematización de propuestas se realiza a partir del análisis de los webinarios Impulsar la educomunicación desde las universidades e Impulsar la Educomunicación desde los sectores profesionales de la comunicación, promovidos por la Cátedra RTVE de Cultura audiovisual y alfabetización mediática de la Universitat Jaume I, celebrados en abril y mayo, y en septiembre y octubre de 2022, respectivamente. En total, se analizan 9 sesiones (18 horas de charlas, en total). Partiendo de estas charlas, se estudian las percepciones y el diagnóstico que realizan los 27 expertos (18 invitados y 9 moderadores) sobre la situación de la educomunicación en el sistema educativo y empresarial español, a la vez que se busca la implementación de estrategias, actividades e iniciativas para impulsar la alfabetización mediática.
Unión Ibérica en los manuales de historia de Educación Secundaria. Un estudio comparativo entre Portugal y España
Authors: Cózar Gutiérrez Ramón , Solé Glória , Rodríguez Pérez  Raimundo A.
Published: July 2023

La Unión Ibérica es el período histórico que transcurre entre 1580 y 1640 en el que Portugal pasó a formar parte de la Monarquía Hispánica. En los últimos años, ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios históricos, debates y representaciones en diferentes medios y contextos. Nuestra intención es analizar la forma en que se ha enseñado y aprendido en los sistemas educativos de Portugal y España, especialmente en los libros de texto de historia de Educación Secundaria. El análisis de los libros de texto puede proporcionar información sobre las formas en que se recuerda, olvida, enfatiza o minimiza este proceso histórico en la memoria e identidad colectivas de los dos países. Además, su tratamiento en estos libros de texto refleja no solo el estado actual del conocimiento histórico e interpretativo, sino también los contextos políticos, culturales y sociales en los que se producen y consumen sus narraciones.
Conflictividad por rentas entre iglesia y señores temporales del reino de Granada: Litigio acontecido en un señorío de la alpujarra (1527-1568)
Authors: Esteban Álvarez Alejandro
Published: July 2023

Este estudio profundiza en la historia de la Alpujarra durante la etapa morisca granadina (1500-1570). En concreto, en la parte de esta región que fue el distrito de Órgiva en época nazarí y la alquería de Busquístar, otorgadas en señorío a Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba en 1499, mediante merced real. Denominada señorío de Órgiva y con una población mayoritaria de cristianos nuevos o moriscos, quedó sometida a la administración de ese señor temporal, y sus sucesores, y a la actuación de la Iglesia. Ofrecemos algunas de sus particularidades, como la gestión fiscal ejercida por sus titulares y la estructura eclesiástica planificada en su interior, pasando después a focalizar el trabajo en el enfrentamiento judicial que mantuvieron sus propietarios con la diócesis de Granada, durante las décadas centrales del siglo XVI, por el control de ciertas rentas que se generaban en este territorio, las diezmeras y las de bienes piadosos.
PUPINIDAE OF JAVA (GASTROPODA: CAENOGASTROPODA)
Authors: Nurinsiyah Ayu Savitri , Nurhayati Putri Afin , Mujiono Nova , Alfiah Alfiah , Hausdorf Bernhard
Published: July 2023

The systematics and distribution of the family Pupinidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) in Java is reviewed. The family is represented in Java by four species of the genus Pupina, P. bipalatalis, P. compacta, P. junghuhni, and P. treubi. The shells of the species are described and figured, and the distribution data of the species are summarized. We have synonymized Pupina verbeeki Möllendorff, 1897 with Pupina treubi Boettger, 1890. All of the species except P. treubi, which is also known from Sumatra, are endemic to Java. Most previous records of Pupina from Java were from the western part of the island. Our new records show that the Pupina species are also more widespread in the drier central and eastern parts of Java. Their conservation status is therefore Least Concern.
Novel Dihydropyrimidinones: Molecular Docking, Synthesis and Anti-Neoplastic Activity
Authors: Toraskar M.P. , Chaure R. , Sontakke S.S.
Published: July 2023

Recent years have showed great interest in the synthesis of pyrimidinone and its applications in medicinal chemistry. Chalcones were synthesized through the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction between substituted aldehydes and acetone in the presence of LiOH to produce dihydropyrimidinones, which were then subjected to urea treatment in the presence of strong HCl to give dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. The antiproliferative activity of synthesized components was screened against MCF7 and MCA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Compound 4A1 was found to have promising anticancer activity against both cell lines. Overall, the approach makes it possible to synthesize dihydropyrimidinones with potential anticancer properties.
Synthesis of Annona glabra Mediated Silver Nanoparticles, their Photocatalysis and Toxicity on Daphnia magna
Authors: Wickramarachchi S.R. , Paragodaarachchi Y.L. , De Silva C.R. , Perera A.D.L.C. , Amarasinghe L.D.
Published: July 2023

This work reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf extract of Annona glabra as a green synthetic route and assessment of its photocatalytic property using methelyne blue as a model dye and toxic effect against an aquatic model, Daphnia magna. Leaf extract prepared at 100 ºC, 1% plant extract, 1 mM of AgNO3, 3 h incubation time were optimized for the synthesis of AgNPs. Surface plasmon resonance peak of AgNPs laid around 419 nm. Spherical nanoparticles were in the size ranges 50-80 and 110-195 nm. Biomolecules were present as capping agents on AgNPs. AgNPs have cubic face centered lattice structure and the average particle size as calculated using Debye-Scherrer formula is 55 nm. Green synthesized AgNPs reduced the absorbance of methelyne blue dye by 89% in 3 h showing prominent photocatalytic activity. The EC50 of AgNPs was found to be 1.78 ± 0.20 mg/L against Daphnia magna showing a lower toxicity than silver ions.
RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Rutin and Berberine in Bulk and Anti-Urolithiatic Formulation
Authors: Kasetti Kalyani , Bandhakavi Sailaja
Published: July 2023

Standardization of active phytochemicals is essential for the quality assessment of herbal formulations. In current study a new, simple, rapid and economical RP-HPLC technique was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of marker compounds rutin and berberine. The mobile phase used was a mixture of acetonitrile, 0.1% orthophosphoric acid in the ratio of 50:50 v/v on a Shiseido Capcell pak C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) with wavelength detection using UV detector at 265 nm. The time taken for elution of rutin and berberine were 2.27 and 3.31 min, respectively. The linearity range for both rutin and berberine was observed from 5 to 25 μg/mL with correlation co-efficient of 0.997 and 0.999, respectively. The developed method was precise with % relative standard deviation value < 2 for both intra- and inter-day precision. The accuracy of the developed method was accomplished at three concentration levels and the recovered percentage was 99-100.2%. The developed and validated technique was successfully used as standardization tool for the simultaneous determination of markers rutin and berberine in the marketed anti-urolithiatic homeopathic formulation.
Effect of IR Radiation on Electrochemical Hydrogen Activity of Flexible Carbon-Palladium Dispersed Polymer Electrodes
Authors: Viswanath R.N.
Published: July 2023

Carbon-palladium dispersed polymer electrode sheets were synthesized and their hydrogen electrosorption (adsorption and absorption) and desorption activity on exposure to infra-red light radiation have been studied. Electrochemical experiments have been carried out in a standard glass electrochemical cell. The cyclic voltammograms of the carbon-palladium dispersed polymer electrode in 1 M NaCl electrolyte exhibit familiar features, namely hydrogen electrosorption and desorption peaks, adsorption of chlorine ions and a broad oxidative OH– adsorption and desorption regions. The analysis of the cyclic voltammetry results suggests that the net charge transferred corresponding to the hydrogen electrosorption and desorption processes across the carbon-palladium electrode increases when exposed to infrared radiation. The analysis of the cyclic voltammetry results further suggested that the enhanced hydrogen activity across the flexible polymer supported carbon-palladium electrode surfaces with infrared light radiation is largely ascribed due to the removal of chlorine ions that are adsorbed partially over the surface of palladium clusters in the flexible carbon-palladium dispersed polymer supported flexible electrodes.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, DFT Studies and Molecular Docking of Novel 4-(5-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-6-amino-3-methyl- 1-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile and its Derivatives
Authors: Patel Rajat , Sharma Puja , Koshti Rohit R. , Vyas Akshay , Sangani Chetan B.
Published: July 2023

A novel series consisting of eight imidazol-pyrazole hybrids (9a-h) are synthesized using a base catalyzed one pot multi-component reaction (MCR) and screened for in vitro biological activities. All compounds were found to display high biological activities but compound 9g was found to be the most active against EGFR (IC50 of 0.11 ± 0.02 μm), A549 and HepG2, while compound 9h was found to be most active against FabH (IC50 of 2.6 μm) E. coli. The DFT studies and molecular docking was done for compounds 9a-h to calculate the distance and angle between the active parts of the molecules and charge density over the molecules affecting the binding of molecules in the active pockets with greater binding affinity.
Bio-Analytical Method Development and Validation of Asciminib and its Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies in Rat Plasma by Using RP-HPLC
Authors: Sandhya P. , Nataraj K. Sri , Vijayalakshmi R.
Published: July 2023

The aim of the proposed study was to validate a rapid, uncomplicated, accurate, robust and sensitive bio-analytical method for quantifying asciminib using ivosidenib as an internal standard in rat plasma. This work provides a summary of recent advances in bio-analytical HPLC methodologies employing a Luna phenyl hexyl column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5) with an organic mobile phase of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (adjusted to pH 3.0 with orthophosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio 40:60. With a correlation coefficient of 0.999, the asciminib calibration curve was linear over the range of 100-2000 ng/mL. Using liquid-liquid extraction, the percent of recovered ASB ranged between 97.8 and 99.9%. The plasma stability of the bench-top and auto sampler remained stable for 24 h in the auto sampler. The T1/2 is 5 h and Tmax is 3 h, as calculated from the pharmacokinetic parameters. The application indicates that all parameters of system suitability, specificity, linearity and accuracy are in good agreement with the prescribed limits; consequently, the current method is highly stable, rapid and capable of analyzing plasma samples. This method is ideally adapted for determining asciminib in pure or dose form due to its novel technology.
Synthesis of Tartaric Acid based Polymer Nanocomposite Incorporated with Copper Oxide Nanoparticles with Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Subashini K. , Sujatha V. , Prakash S.
Published: July 2023

The copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using Brassaia actinophylla (B. actinophylla) flower extract by solution combustion method. The poly(tartaric acid-co-diethylene glycol-co-acrylic acid (TDA) hydrogel was prepared using tartaric acid (T), diethylene glycol (D) and acrylic acid (A). The synthesized CuO nanoparticles were introduced into TDA hydrogel and the polymer nanocomposite TDA-CuO was obtained. The UV-peak was observed at 270 nm for TDA-CuO nanocomposite and for TDA no peak found. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) peak obtained at 432 cm-1 confirmed the presence of CuO nanoparticles in the hydrogel. The nanoparticles size 25-35 nm was confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The percentage of copper and oxygen was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) spectrum where the percentage of copper is 2.4%. The thermal stability of TDA and TDA-CuO hydrogel was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial activity was performed against two Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and two Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia bacterial strains at various concentrations 25, 50, 75 and 100 μL by agar well diffusion method. The Gram-positive bacterial strains showed highest antibacterial activity than Gram-negative bacterial strain at highest concentration 100 μg/mL.
Gas Chromatographic Technique Employed for Catalytic Investigation of Novel Phthalocyanines
Authors: Sharanakumar T.M. , Sunilkumar A. , Somashekar M.N. , Chethan B. , Kumar T. Naveen , Ravikumar C.R.
Published: July 2023

The primaquine substituted Fe(II) phthalocyanine (PQFePc) and Co(II) phthalocyanine (PQCoPc) catalysts were prepared by using amide linkage method. The physical and chemical properties have been investigated by FTIR, mass, UV-Vis, TGA, XRD and elemental analysis. The catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol was determined by PQFePc and PQCoPc complexes by varying parameters like temperature, oxidant/catalytic ratio and substance/catalyst ratio. The optimization of catalytic oxidation reaction has been effectively achieved for the determination of benzyl alcohol (Bzalc) to benzaldehyde (Bzald). The PQCoPc and PQFePc exhibited excellent catalytic behaviour for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol obtaining high yield and good selectivity.
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in early onset neonatal
Authors: Rompis Johnny Lambert , Wilar Rocky , Rompis Johnny Lambert , Joey Gregory , Takumansang Raynald Octavianus , Lestari Hesti
Published: July 2023

Objectives Neonatal sepsis is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although blood culture is the gold standard of sepsis diagnosis, it often lacks sensitivity and diagnostic speed. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a widely available, effective, simple, and affordable marker that can predict early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS).

Objective To assess the correlation between PLR and EONS as well as the diagnostic value of PLR for predicting EONS.

Methods This study included all inpatient neonates with suspected early-onset neonatal sepsis at Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Neonates were categorized into sepsis (confirmed by positive blood culture results) and non-sepsis (negative blood culture results) groups. Bivariate analysis, including the chi-square test for categorical data and independent t-test for numerical data, was performed to identify any significant associations between the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and EONS. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated to determine the optimal PLR cut-off point to predict EONS.

Results In this study, we investigated the relationship between PLR and early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) in 176 neonates with suspected EONS. Blood cultures confirmed sepsis in 84 neonates (47.7%), with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common causative organism. We found a significant positive correlation between PLR and EONS (p<0.001), and a PLR cut-off point of 61.806 was identified to predict EONS with high sensitivity (90.2%) and specificity (85.7%)

Conclusion Our study demonstrates a strong positive correlation between PLR and EONS, and a PLR cut-off point of 61.806 can be used as a valuable marker for predicting EONS in neonates with suspected sepsis. These findings could aid in the early identification and treatment of neonates with sepsis, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Stand der institutionellen Zusammenarbeit zwischen Berlin und Brandenburg
Authors: Schäfer Rudolf
Published: July 2023

Der Beitrag skizziert den bisherigen Verlauf der beiderseitigen Bemühungen zur Einrichtung gemeinsamer institutioneller Strukturen im Bereich der Landesplanung und Raumordnung, der Regionalplanung und der interkommunalen Abstimmung von Bauleitplänen.Trotz z. T. erheblicher anfänglicher Dissense ist es den beiden Länder inzwischen gelungen, in den grundsätzlichen Fragen der Landesplanung und Raumordnung mit der Einigung auf das Konzept der dezentralen Konzentration einen weitgehenden Konsens zu erreichen. In dieser Phase haben die kurzfristig geschaffenen informellen Gremien und Prozeduren auf Regierungs- und Verwaltungsebene offenbar hinreichend funktioniert.Dem entspricht die Situation im Bereich des nunmehr anstehenden Aufbaus der erforderlichen gemeinsamen Institutionen zur Konkretisierung und Realisierung dieses Konsens noch nicht.Ein besonders deutliches und dringlich zu beseitigendes Defizit ergibt sich im Bereich des engeren Verflechtungsraumes Brandenburg/Berlin. Die vor allem von Brandenburg forcierte Entscheidung, für diesen Raum einen gemeinsamen, durch Staatsvertrag zu beschließenden Landesentwicklungsplan aufzustellen, kann allein die dringlichen örtlichen Abstimmungsprobleme ebensowenig lösen wie die vom BauGB vorgeschriebene interkommunale Abstimmung. Angesichts des Zuschnitts der Regionalen Planungsgemeinschaften erscheint es daher geboten, die im Eckpunkte-Bericht als konsensfähig bezeichnete Einrichtung eines Berlin-brandenburgischen kommunalen Verbandes für diesen Raum zügig zu realisieren.
Brandenburg – Berlin: Modelle künftiger Zusammenarbeit
Authors: Schmidt-Eichstaedt Gerd
Published: July 2023

Brandenburg und Berlin sind durch Nachbarschaft zur Zusammenarbeit verurteilt. Dies gilt besonders für die Regional- und Landesplanung. Solange es nicht zu einer Vereinigung der beiden Länder kommt, sind bei der räumlichen Planung drei Ebenen der Kooperation zu unterscheiden: Kooperation bei der Landesentwicklungsplanung, Kooperation bei der Regionalplanung und Kooperation bei der Bauleitplanung, insbesondere der Flächennutzungsplanung. Bei der Landesentwicklungsplanung haben sich die beiden Landesregierungen bereits auf eine Zusammenarbeit durch Staatsverträge geeinigt. Die vereinbarte gemeinsame Landesentwicklungsplanung kann die notwendigen Vorgaben und Aussagen für den engeren Verflechtungsraum Berlin-Brandenburg jedoch nicht mit der erforderlichen Genauigkeit leisten. Die Gründung eines regionalen Planungsverbands für den engeren Verflechtungsraum Berlin-Brandenburg wird vom Land Brandenburg mit nachvollziehbaren Gründen abgelehnt. Demnach kommt als hinreichend konkretes und verbindliches Ordnungsinstrument für den Großraum Berlin nur eine Koordination der Flächennutzungsplanung in Frage. Die Koordinierungsaufgabe sollte nicht durch einen Planungsverband nach § 205 BauGB, sondern durch einen Berlin-brandenburgischen Zweckverband mit beratender Funktion wahrgenommen werden. Strittige, aber notwendige Vorgaben können anläßlich der Genehmigung der Bauleitpläne durchgesetzt werden.
Voraussetzungen für die Erfüllbarkeit raumordnungspolitischer Anforderungen an die Eisenbahn
Authors: Oettle Karl
Published: July 2023

Der Beitrag fragt danach, was geschehen müßte, um die finanziell notleidende, insbesondere gegenüber dem Kraftverkehr wenig wettbewerbsfähige Eisenbahn wieder in die Lage zu versetzen, raumordnungspolitische öffentliche Aufgaben erfüllen zu helfen.Zunächst werden diese Aufgaben in den Gesamtzusammenhang jener traditionellen und neueren Unterstützungserfordernisse gestellt, welche andere Politikgebiete gegenüber der Verkehrspolitik haben. Sodann wird dargelegt, wie sich im Laufe der letzten Jahrzehnte einerseits die Lage der Eisenbahn in der Substitutionskonkurrenz verschlechtert hat, während andererseits die verkehrlichen Umweltbelastungen zu einem Politikum geworden sind und sich Verkehrsbedarfe wie verkehrliche Produktionsmöglichkeiten gravierend gewandelt haben.Diese Entwicklungen werden im Hinblick auf ihre raumordnungspolitische Bedeutung angesichts einer Eisenbahnpolitik betrachtet, welche vor allem finanzwirtschaftliche Sanierungsziele verfolgt. Nachdem negative raumwirtschaftliche Folgen einer Fortsetzung dieser Politik skizziert sind, werden Elemente einer alternativen Eisenbahnpolitik herausgearbeitet. Diese muß im Interesse der Unterstützung anderer Politikgebiete, so des Umweltschutzes und der Raumordnung, darauf abstellen, die Bahn in großem Maße wettbewerbsfähig zu machen, wenn auf dirigistische Verkehrslenkung verzichtet werden soll. Dafür müßten gleichsam „künstliche“ vermeidbare verkehrs-, unternehmens und gewerkschaftspolitische Ursachen der gegenwärtigen Wettbewerbsuntüchtigkeit der Bahn erfolgreich bekämpft werden.
Überlegungen zu Zahl und Altersstruktur der Bevölkerung in Deutschland im Zusammenhang mit Überlegungen zu den grenzüberschreitenden Wanderungen
Authors: Schwarz Karl
Published: July 2023

Modellrechnungen ergeben, daß sich die Bevölkerung in Deutschland von heute über 80 Mio. ohne weitere Zuwanderung bis zum Jahr 2030 auf etwa 65 Mio. vermindert, weil je 100 Frauen nur noch ca. 140 Kinder geboren werden. Zur langfristigen Erhaltung des Bevölkerungsstandes wären dagegen rund 210 erforderlich. Für die Deutschen im neuen Bundesgebiet, von heute rund 74 Mio., würden sich nur noch etwa 57 Mio. ergeben. Ferner würde der Bevölkerungsanteil der über 60jährigen von z. Z. etwas über 20 % allmählich auf über 35 % steigen. Bei 210 Kindern je 100 Frauen im Lebensablauf wären dagegen nur knapp 25 % zu erwarten.Zur Erhaltung des gegenwärtigen Bevölkerungsstandes müßten jährlich – per saldo – 300 000 bis 400 000 Personen – je nach den Annahmen über deren Altersstruktur – zuwandern. In 40 Jahren wäre dann fast jeder Vierte Ausländer oder würde von Ausländern abstammen, in den Ballungsgebieten wahrscheinlich jeder Zweite. Eine entscheidende Änderung der Altersgliederung wäre nicht zu erwarten; denn selbst bei der genannten massiven Zuwanderung würde der Anteil der über 60jährigen allmählich fast 35 % erreichen. Es ist also falsch, davon auszugehen, die Probleme der Alterung der Bevölkerung, die sich im Bereich der Sozialversicherungssysteme besonders stark auswirken, könnten durch Einwanderung gelöst werden. Eine solche Betrachtungsweise übersieht, daß nicht nur Kinder zuwandern, daß auch die Einwanderer allmählich älter werden und daß aus Beitrags- und Steuerzahlern mit der Zeit Leistungsempfänger werden.Für die Integration oder gar Assimilation einer Ausländerbevölkerung in der genannten Größenordnung ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, aus welchen Kulturkreisen sie kommen und welche Qualifikationen sie mitbringen.
Die Wanderungsproblematik in Europa aus demographischer, wirtschaftlicher und sozialer Sicht unter besonderer Berücksichtigung Deutschlands
Authors: Schmid Josef
Published: July 2023

Die Bevölkerung des europäischen Wirtschaftsraumes (EG + EFTA) umschließt heute 380 Mio. Menschen. Die Bevölkerungen der Einzelstaaten stehen unter einheitlichen Trends: Die demographischen Indikatoren Westeuropas deuten alle auf Alterung und allmähliche Bevölkerungsabnahme. Fast sämtliche Bevölkerungen des Wirtschaftsraumes weisen – gemessen am Niveau des Generationenersatzes – Geborenendefizite auf, die die Alterung durch das anteilsmäßige Anwachsen der Menschen im Pensionsalter verstärken. Eine von EUROSTAT (1991) vorgenommene Vorausberechnung unterstellt eine jährliche Nettoeinwanderung in die Europäische Gemeinschaft, die 345,1 Mio. Menschen umfaßt, von 250 000 Menschen. Danach würde die EG-Bevölkerung um das Jahr 2000 mit 350,8 Mio. ihren Höhepunkt erreichen und bis zum Jahre 2020 hin auf 338,2 Mio. absinken.Ein wichtiger Beobachtungspunkt sind die jeweiligen Ausländeranteile in den einzelnen Staaten und schließlich die Wanderungspotentiale, die sich vor den Toren Westeuropas aufbauen. 1989 zählte die EG 13,4 Mio. Ausländer, von denen jedoch 5,1 Mio. EG-Bürger eines jeweils anderen Mitgliedstaates waren.Der Eintritt nur noch geburtenschwacher Jahrgänge in die Erwerbsbevölkerung verringert sie insgesamt und erhöht ihre Durchschnittsalter. Neben Technologisierung der Produktion, Höherqualifizierung der schrumpfenden Jugendjahrgänge und Erhöhung des Frauenanteils im Erwerbsleben ist vor allem Einwanderung ein Mittel, Arbeitsmarktlücken zu schließen. Die Auffüllung der Bevölkerungsrückgänge mit außereuropäischen Wanderern ist unvorstellbar, und das gezielte Einwerben von Arbeitskraft hat gesetzliche Voraussetzungen, die für die Europäische Gemeinschaft und Deutschland selbst noch nicht existieren.
Arbeitsmarktprobleme als Folge industrieller Monostrukturen
Authors: Blien Uwe
Published: July 2023

Die Region Main-Rhön wird von drei Großbetrieben mit Standort Schweinfurt ökonomisch dominiert. Die drei Betriebe sind sich im Hinblick auf Entwicklung, Größe und Produktpalette sehr ähnlich. Ihre Entwicklung wurde durch Skalenerträge und externe Effekte begünstigt. Die Betriebe bilden den Kern einer regionalen Monostruktur, die über lange Jahre hinweg den Interessen der Akteure in der Region mehr oder minder weitgehend entsprach. Die Abhängigkeit der regionalen Ökonomie von der Monostruktur führte jedoch in eine Sackgasse der Entwicklung.Aktuelle Konjunktur- und Strukturprobleme, die die Großbetriebe synchron betreffen, haben eine drastisch schrumpfende Beschäftigung in einem stark segmentierten Markt zur Folge. Die Krise mit Arbeitslosenquoten von bisher 15 % (bei weiterhin steil ansteigender Tendenz) wirkt sich besonders problematisch dadurch aus, daß die Stadt Schweinfurt Rekordhalterin bei der Einpendlerquote ist und Erwerbsmöglichkeiten für die gesamte strukturschwache Region bietet.Perspektiven für eine endogene Regionalentwicklung könnten sich allenfalls aus dem Aufbau einer stärker dezentralisierten ökonomischen Struktur ergeben, bei der die Firmen ein Netzwerk aus vielfältigen Beziehungen bilden. Erschwerend für die Umstrukturierung ist jedoch, daß Dienstleistung und Handwerk nur unterproportional am Standort vertreten sind.
Zur Problematik von Nationalparks und Biosphärenreservaten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Harzes
Authors: Zundel Rolf
Published: July 2023

Nachdem die ehemalige DDR-Übergangsregierung kurz vor ihrer Auflösung im September 1990 die Einrichtung von fünf Nationalparks und sechs Biosphärenreservaten beschlossen hatte, ist auch in den westlichen Ländern die Mitte der 70er Jahre geführte Nationalparkdiskussion neu belebt worden. So wurde in jüngster Zeit für den Nordschwarzwald und den niedersächsischen Harz die Ausweisung großräumiger Nationalparks gefordert, obwohl es sich in beiden Fällen um stark vom Menschen veränderte Gebiete handelt. Am Beispiel des Harzes wird dargelegt, daß die vorgesehene Fläche von rd. 16 000 ha bei weitem nicht den internationalen Kriterien und der Legaldefinition des Bundesnaturschutzgesetzes entspricht. Nur knapp die Hälfte dieser Fläche könnte im Hochharz zusammen mit dem in Sachsen-Anhalt im Brockenbereich bestehenden Nationalpark zu einem gemeinsamen Schutzgebiet ausgewiesen werden. Sinnvoller wäre die Bildung eines „Biosphärenreservates“ im Sinne der UNESCO, in dem „sanfte“ Nutzungen grundsätzlich möglich sind. Abschließend folgt eine Gegenüberstellung der gegenwärtig im Bundesgebiet vorhandenen Nationalparks und Biosphärenreservate.
Театральный и балетный жаргон в современной лексикографии и в текстах культуры
Authors: Parafińska-Korybska Ewelina
Published: July 2023

The aim of the article is to examine whether the jargon units connected with ballet should be included in the network of terms found in modern dictionaries. The starting point of the analysis was the theoretical discourse concerning the range of meanings that the term “jargon” possesses. The article also gives an overview of the names and works of the authors who analysed the theatrical and ballet jargon. Then, using specific examples, the author confirms that the jargon units occur in the texts of culture, which implies that lay men can also come across such vocabulary. Texts of culture, for example, the analysed film Bolshoy, can be translated. The translation of jargon vocabulary requires the translator to have special competences and profound knowledge of the given field. Theoccurrence of jargon units in freely accessible texts of culture and functioning of these texts in their translated form constitute an argument that jargon words and expressions should be recorded in dictionaries. Recording them in specialist bilingual dictionaries, which usually contain such terms, would be desirable. The addition of jargon lexis which would be provided with appropriate qualifiers to their wordlist would increase the functionality of the dictionaries. This would improve the bilingual communication in the given field and streamline the work of translators.
Стереотипные представления о ленивом человеке: лингвокогнитивный анализ культурных моделей русского и китайского языков
Authors: Wang Lili
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the research is to analyze the content of Russian and Chinese proverbs, identify stereotypical ideas about a lazy person and compare the data of the two languages. Based on the analysis, the perceptual and inferior meanings of proverbs were identified. Perceptual meanings involve native speakers’ stereotypical representations obtained through observations: “a lazy person stays in bed a lot, sleeps for a long time”; “a lazy person tends to sit around most of the time and move just a little and slowly”; “a lazy person is fond of eating, but hates working”; “a lazy person does nothing with his hands”. It was concluded that the perceptual meanings of Russian and Chinese proverbs generally coincide. The following is referred to as the inferior meanings: “the conclusion about the causal relationship between laziness and a lack of necessary food and a warm shelter”; “generalization – a lazy person neither benefits from it themselves nor brings any benefit to the society”; “conclusion about the causal relationship between work/laziness and human life expectancy”. It was concluded that the inferior meanings differ: Russian proverbs represent the ideathat hard work leads to illness and shortens a person’s life, while Chinese proverbs reflect the stereotype “work prolongs a person’s life, whereas laziness makes people grow old”. Unlike the Chinese language, in which laziness is always categorically disapproved of directly, the Russian language reflects a condescending attitude towards lazy people.
Obraz pandemii w polskich i rosyjskich połączeniach wyrazowych
Authors: Kuligowska Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed not only many aspects of everyday life, but also the lexical systems of languages. Polish and Russian have been enriched with numerous derivatives, loan words, as well as new collocations pretending to become neophrasemes. The linguistic image of the pandemic consists of miscellaneous metaphorical expressions picturing the reality in terms of war, sports’ competitions or natural disasters. New Polish and Russian collocations present different problems of the pandemic crisis and the diverse attitude of individuals and social groups to its threat to public health and the measures taken by governments and international institutions. Furthermore, the analyzed pandemic discourse contains many examples of intertextuality sensu lato. These are allusions to literary texts, music, film, and history. The image of the pandemic in Polish and Russian has been complemented by means of idiomatic transformations, humorous expressions and jokes, which are natural and spontaneous answers to long-lasting fear, anxiety and frustration.
Do Labour Standards Improve Employment Relationships in Global Production Networks? A Cross-sector Study in Brazil
Authors: Graz Jean-Christophe , Rocha Lemos Patrícia , Galvão Andréia
Published: July 2023

Research on private regulation of labour standards in global production networks often highlights their continuing failure despite the fact that lead firms no longer consider them as mere window dressing. Fewer analyses delve into their on-the-ground effectiveness to benefit workers. This article joins a context-specific approach with quantitative analysis to examine whether labour standards used in private regulation improve employment relationships in suppliers of global production networks. Based on a single-country case study of Brazil, we look at the extent of their adoption by suppliers across sectors, their complementarity with national labour institutions, and whether the adoption of labour standards at supplier site level is likely to support labour agency. Our findings show little effectiveness of labour standards against those dimensions. The presence of labour standards at supplier level alone has no significant impact and varies greatly across sectors. It is only if workers are aware of the presence of such standards that it might support their agency when union membership is taken as proxy. Yet, the correlation could also be the other way round: awareness of labour standards depend on being a member of a union in the first place. 
KEYWORDS: private regulation; certification; labour standards; corporate social responsibility (CSR); global production networks
TERRA À VISTA: UM GESTO DE LEITURA SOBRE O QUE NOS AFETA
Authors: Machado Rosely Diniz da Diniz da Silva
Published: July 2023

Neste texto, apresentado durante o Colóquio[1] em homenagem aos 30 anos da publicação do Terra à Vista: discurso do confronto - Velho e Novo Mundo, retomo partes das considerações finais da obra. Busco reiterar a importância desse livro e da sua autora cuja trajetória nos inspira e, singularmente, convida-nos a adentrar, com sutileza, o território da linguagem, apresentando-nos a Análise de Discurso, a partir dos estudos de Michel Pêcheux. A produção intelectual de Orlandi nos brinda com sua potência e fôlego teórico, sempre acompanhada de singular agudeza poética nas reflexões sobre a entremeada trama discursiva do ler, do escrever, do simbolizar, do (a)prender. A obra, em foco, escancara discursos sobre o modo como o Brasil é dito e visto por aqueles que ocupam os lugares do poder. O caráter atemporal desse livro materializa/atualiza o cenário de desgovernança da política brasileira em que se mobilizam “perfídias” travestidas em bravatas, através de palavras desgastadas, puídas, que garimpam espaço por entre remendos e alinhavos, em nome “da ordem e do progresso”, na voz daquele que ocupa o cargo de presidência do país. Ainda que tais discursos persistam, há o espaço para a resistência através de processos de desidentificação frente ao que nos afeta quando o Brasil é falado por nós e pelo(s) outro(s). Por fim, este artigo/ensaio traduz-se numa forma de retomada e de agradecimento à necessária produção teórica de Eni Orlandi que provoca e cutuca, “sem medo”, a “ferida aberta” no nosso país. [1] Refiro-me ao evento “Colóquio 30 anos de terra à vista: um percurso de sentidos” organizado pelo Laboratório de Estudos em Análise de Discurso (LEAD).
ENTRE A LÍNGUA INDÍGENA E A LÍNGUA BRASILEIRA EM “TERRA À VISTA”: SITUAÇÕES
Authors: Ernst Aracy
Published: July 2023

O presente texto constitui-se numa súmula da terceira parte da obra de autoria de Eni Orlandi, “Terra à vista” (1990), apresentada por ocasião do evento em comemoração de seus trinta anos de publicação, iniciativa realizada pelo LEAD (Laboratório de Estudos em Análise de Discurso, sediado na UFPEL). O objetivo é destacar aspectos considerados importantes, referentes à temática desenvolvida pela autora sobre o imaginário dos limites internos entre a língua indígena e a língua brasileira no Brasil, e mostrar a atualidade e a relevância de sua reflexão para a compreensão dos acontecimentos hodiernos que têm ameaçado constantemente e sobremaneira os direitos constitucionais dos povos indígenas e provocado, em contrapartida, sua resistência através de atos públicos reivindicatórios.
UMA FORÇA SEM “ORIGENS”: O CARISMA EM SAUL GOODMAN
Authors: Soares Thiago Barbosa
Published: July 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar a construção das relações de poder através do carisma com vistas a compreender seus componentes e como esses estão articulados no processo de persuasão e, consequentemente, subjetivação de sujeitos, ao se apresentar como uma técnica de si, no interior dessas relações. Por conseguinte, aplicar-se-á os consagrados mecanismos da Análise do Discurso oriunda dos textos de Michel Foucault, e outros conceitos afins, mirando fundamentalmente o carisma, como recurso interpessoal, materialidade integrante dos rituais nas relações de poder. Para tanto, foi tomado como objeto desta investigação a personagem Saul Goodman, protagonista da série Better Call Saul (2015) ( Breaking Bad [2008]) e seus discursos que performatizam o carisma ou lhe revestem de características materialmente apreensíveis. Com isso, buscou-se “localizar” o carisma no espaço/tempo das relações sociais, ao observar sua materialidade simbólica e histórica como arregimentadora e configuradora de imagens na construção de sujeitos e de sentidos.