bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESCRIPTIONSTRESSOR AND COPING MECHANISMS IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Pany Olivia Carla Yeany Dae , Tololiu Tinneke A. , Kanine Esrom
Published: August 2024

Background: In adolescence, a person is expected to be able to form a style or color in his life, one of which is by becoming an independent teenager and not being a shadow of stress. Stress is a reality of everyday life, stress is any change that requires adjustment. Objective: To find out stressors and coping mechanisms in adolescents based on the results of research articles. Method: This research uses a literature review type of research, namely using the results of previous research through research journals. To obtain data that is appropriate to the topic, researchers conducted a search for national and international journals in two databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmend, using keywords with boolean operators (AND, OR, and NOT). The keywords used, stress, coping, and adolescents are listed in each journal title obtained. With the condition that the journals searched were from 2017-2020 and the researcher found 8 journals that were used for the literature review. Results and analysis: Researchers found 8 articles that were appropriate and met the inclusion criteria regarding the topics discussed, namely descriptions of stressors and coping mechanisms in adolescents, two of which were taken in international journals, two of which discussed dysmenorrhea stressors and the others discussed educational stressors and some Most use adaptive coping mechanisms in solving problems. Conclusion: Based on the literature review, the researcher concluded that there is a description of stressors and coping mechanisms in adolescents. Adolescents react to stress in different ways and most use adaptive coping mechanisms in dealing with stressors, there are also a small number who use maladaptive coping mechanisms.
 
Key words: stress, coping, teenagers.
THE USE OF DEMONTRATION METHODS AND POSTER MEDIA IN INCREASING KNOWLEDGE OF DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
Authors: Raule Jean Henry , Tuharea Dessy F. , Adam Jeanne D’Arc Zavera , Ponidjan Tati Setyawati , Tuegeh Johana , Runtu Lourrien G.
Published: August 2024

Back Ground of dental health problems in children until now, is still very high. Several studies have reported that dental caries is still high and the lack of behavior to maintain dental and oral health is closely related to children's lack of knowledge. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the demonstration method and poster media on the knowledge of school-age children about dental and oral health. Method research pre-experimental (one group pre-post test design). The sample was 40 children in grades IV and V (total sampling) at SD GMIM 28 Manado City, which were divided into 2 groups. Group A used the demonstration method, group B used Poster media. Measurement of knowledge using a questionnaire with an intervention that is health education about dental and oral health, data analysis using the Paired Sample T Test. The Results of the statistical test analysis of group A obtained the mean value before the intervention was 20.05 and after the intervention became 25.80, with a Pvalue 0.000 (< 0.05). ). Group B got the mean before the intervention 20.45 and after the intervention 25.10 with a Pvalue 0.000 (<0.05). These results indicate that there is a significant difference in children's knowledge before and after education, both using demonstration methods and poster media. Conclusion Education using demonstration methods and poster media, is effective in increasing knowledge of school age children about dental and oral health.
The Effectiveness of The Nursing Care Approach in Healing Diabetic Ulcers: A Case Study of Mrs. F in Sintuwulemba Village, Lage District, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Langitan Rosamey Elleke , . Agusrianto , Rantesigi Nirva
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan:
Ulkus diabetik adalah salah satu komplikasi serius yang sering terjadi pada pasien dengan diabetes mellitus. Ulkus  merupakan luka terbuka pada kulit, sering kali terjadi pada kaki atau kaki bagian bawah, yang sulit sembuh dan berpotensi menjadi infeksi yang serius jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat.
Asuhan keperawatan pada pasien ulkus diabetik di desa sintuwulemba dapat di lakukan   dengan melakukan pengkajian, merumuskan diagnosa, perencanaan intervensi, melakukan implementasi dan evaluasi. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran dan mengkaji efektifitas penerapan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan ulkus diabetik dalam upaya mempercepat proses penyembuhan, mencegah infeksi sekunder, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Metode penelitian yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus 1 orang pasien yang memilik ulkus diabetik dengan derajat 2 di mana kedalaman luka mencapai ligament, tendon dan otot. Hasil penelitian : didapatkan pasien mengeluh terdapat luka pada kaki sebelah kanan dibagian telapak kaki dan sela-sela jari dengan ukuran PxL: 8,8cm kondisi luka terdapat jaringan nekrotik 50% menutupi luka, warna luka kekuningan dan luka berbau, di dapatkan data terjadi peningkatan kadar glukosa darah 264/gdl, data mengatakan klien cemas dan takut karena luka yang tak kunjung sembuh. Diagnosa keperawatan : (1) gangguan integritas kulit, (2) ketidakstabilan kadar glukosa dalam darah,(3)ansietas. Intervensi keperawatan: integritas/kulit, perawatan luka, manajemen hiperglikemia, reduksi ansietas. Implementasi keperawatan : dilakukan tindakan perawatan luka modern, edukasi diet dan dukungan perkembangan penyembuhan luka. Evaluasi : yaitu setelah dilakukan tindakan keperawatan selama 6 hari pasien mengatakan perasaan lebih rileks dan perasaan cemas berkurang. Jaringan nekrotik berkurang, dan bau berkurang, pasien sudah melakukan diet karbohidrat dan juga mengurangi makanan yang mengandung gula lebih, perasaan lebih rileks. Kesimpulan : bahwa dengan perawatan integritas kulit, perawatan luka, manajemen hiperglikemia, edukasi diet, dukungan perkembangan luka dan terapi relaksasi efektif di lakukan pada pemberian asuhan keperawatan.
Kata Kunci: Perawatan; Luka; DM
Family Functioning and Academic Burnout in Adolescent Suicide Ideation
Authors: Ekawati Dessy , Arniati Sastia Lulu
Published: August 2024

Pendahuluan : Remaja seringkali menghadapi tekanan akademik yang tinggi di sekolah, sementara lingkungan keluarga juga dapat memainkan peran penting dalam kesejahteraan mental mereka. Namun, hubungan antara fungsi keluarga, kelelahan akademik, dan ideasi bunuh diri pada remaja belum sepenuhnya dipahami. Tujuan Penelitian : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana fungsi keluarga dan kelelahan akademik mempengaruhi risiko ideasi bunuh diri pada remaja. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain korelasional dengan metode cross sectional, melibatkan 78 siswa kelas 12 dari SMA Patriot Kecamatan Peterongan, Kabupaten Jombang, Jawa Timur. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner online dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Korelasi Pearson dan Regresi Berganda. Hasil Penelitian : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara fungsi keluarga yang baik dan tingkat kelelahan akademik yang rendah dengan risiko ideasi bunuh diri yang lebih rendah pada remaja. Kesimpulan : Upaya untuk meningkatkan fungsi keluarga dan mengurangi kelelahan akademik dapat berperan dalam mengurangi risiko ideasi bunuh diri pada remaja.
Kata Kunci: Academic Burnout; Family Functioning; Remaja; Suicide Ideation
Introduction: Adolescents often face high academic pressure in school, while the family environment can also play a crucial role in their mental well-being. However, the relationship between family functioning, academic burnout, and suicide ideation among adolescents remains not fully understood. Research Objective: The aim of this study is to understand how family functioning and academic burnout influence the risk of suicide ideation among adolescents. Method: This study employed a correlational design with a cross-sectional method, involving 78 twelfth-grade students from SMA Patriot in the Peterongan District, Jombang Regency, East Java. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression tests. Results: The findings reveal a significant relationship between good family functioning and low levels of academic burnout with a lower risk of suicide ideation among adolescents. Conclusion: Efforts to enhance family functioning and alleviate academic burnout may play a crucial role in reducing the risk of suicide ideation among adolescents.
Keywords: Academic Burnout; Adolescent; Family Functioning; Suicide Ideation
IMPROVING CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY OF NURSE OF NURSE AFTER INTERACTIVE REFLEKTIVE SUPERVISION BY HEADS ROOM NURSES AT HOSPITAL X JAKARTA
Authors: Rini Sulistyo , Wijayanti Catharina Dwiana , Supardi Sudibyo
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang : Perawat harus memiliki kompetensi berpikir kritis, sehingga mampu untuk mengenali, menginterpretasi makna, dan merespon dengan tepat setiap masalah kesehatan pasien. Pemenuhan kompetensi tersebut dapat dilakukan dalam bentuk supervisi klinis oleh kepala ruang secara konsisten dan terstruktur mengacu pada prosedur dan pedoman yang sudah ditetapkan. Tujuan : Mengetahui keterampilan berpikir kritis perawat pelaksana setelah supervisi reflektif interaktif kepala ruang di Rumah Sakit X Jakarta. Metode : Penelitian menggunakan pre eksperiment dengan One Group Pretest and Posttest Design dengan total sampel 48 orang perawat pelaksana dan 7 Kepala Ruang di ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit X Jakarta. Alat pengumpul data menggunakan kuesioner keterampilan berpikir kritis dan evaluasi pelaksanaan supervisi oleh kepala ruang. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Juli 2021. Hasil : Kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kategori cukup 72,9%. Keterampilan berpikir kritis perawat pelaksana sesudah supervisi reflektif interaktif kepala ruang meningkat secara bermakna (p Value = 0,009).tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara usia (p Value = 0,176), pendidikan (p Value = 0,875), masa kerja perawat pelaksana (p Value = 0,875) dan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Ada hubungan bermakna antara jenjang karir dan keterampilan berpikir kritis (p Value = 0,007). Kesimpulan : Supervisi reflektif interaktif mengarahkan perawat secara konsisten dan terstruktur untuk dapat berpikir kritis dan memiliki level kompetensi pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap sesuai jenjang kompetensi klinis yang dimilikinya, sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan kesehatan dengan baik kepada pasien dan keluarga dan melakukan kolaborasi dengan professional kesehatan lain.
Pengaruh Current Ratio (CR), Return On Assets (ROA) dan Assets Growth (AG) terhadap Stuktur Modal (DER) pada PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk periode 2014-2023
Authors: Lestari Siska , Supiyadi Dedi
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to examine the effects of Current Ratio (CR), Return on Assets (ROA), and Assets Growth (AG) on the debt-to-equity ratio (DER) of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk from 2014 to 2023. The research employed descriptive and verification methods using a quantitative approach. Data was collected through documentation, utilizing secondary data from quarterly financial reports. The study used purposive sampling. Results of partial hypothesis testing (t-test) revealed that the Current Ratio (CR) had a significant positive effect on the debt-to-equity ratio (DER). In contrast, Return on Assets (ROA) and Assets Growth (AG) had positive but non-significant effects on DER. Simultaneous hypothesis testing (F-Test) showed that CR, ROA, and AG significantly impacted DER at PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk, accounting for 50.9% of its variation. The remaining 49.1% was attributed to other factors not examined in this study
Understanding the Effect of Peers on the Financial Attitude and Financial Behaviour of Women in Kaithal, Haryana
Authors: Miglani Vidhi
Published: August 2024

Financial attitudes and behaviors among women are influenced by various factors, yet the role of peers in shaping these remains understudied. This study addresses this gap by investigating how peer influence affects the financial attitudes and behaviors of women in Kaithal, Haryana, with a focus on promoting financial empowerment and inclusivity. Data was collected from 325 women using a self-administered survey and standardized scales for financial attitudes, behaviors, and peer influence. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, regression, and mediation analysis, revealed that peer influence has a significant positive impact on women's financial behavior. Notably, financial attitude mediates approximately 14% of this relationship. The findings emphasize the importance of fostering open financial discussions within women's peer groups to improve decision-making. Understanding these dynamics can help women, policymakers, and educators develop strategies to economically empower women and create a more inclusive financial landscape, reinforcing the critical role of peer support in financial wellbeing.
Higher Education's Contribution to the Growth of Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Tiwari Jyoti , Dixit V. K.
Published: August 2024

Entrepreneurship development programs (EDPs) in higher education institutions (HEIs) and universities are gaining momentum as pivotal drivers of economic growth and social innovation. This paper explores the implementation and impact of EDPs within Indian universities, with a particular focus on social entrepreneurship. Drawing from extensive literature review and empirical observations, the study examines the role of HEIs in fostering entrepreneurial thinking and behavior among students. It also delves into the challenges faced by these institutions, such as the lack of institutionalization, insufficient research output, and the narrow focus on venture creation. Furthermore, the paper highlights the increasing governmental emphasis on entrepreneurship through initiatives like "Skill India" and "Make in India", underscored by substantial budgetary allocations. Despite these efforts, the paper identifies gaps in current approaches and advocates for a shift towards a broader definition of entrepreneurship, one that emphasizes life skills, long-term behavioral change, and the integration of entrepreneurial education into core curricula. The study concludes by outlining strategic recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of EDPs in HEIs, thereby contributing to the development of a robust entrepreneurial ecosystem in India.
Corrosion at Top-of-the-Line in High Pressure and Dense CO2 Environments
Authors: Eslami Maryam , Pan Mengqiu , Young David , Singer Marc
Published: August 2024

This study presents unique data on top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) occurring in high-pressure environments where CO2 was in the gaseous, liquid, or supercritical state. While CO2 is traditionally in a gaseous phase, this form of degradation is referred to as TLC. In this study, similar phenomena with different mechanisms were observed in liquid CO2 and supercritical states all of which are referred to as TLC due to the location of specimens and ease of comprehension. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of CO2 partial pressure (ranging from 20 bar to 100 bar) with temperatures (30°C to 50°C) relating to different water condensation rates (0.001 mL/m2/s to 0.1 mL/m2/s). Uniform and localized TLC rates increased with a higher water condensation rate and surface temperature. As long as CO2 remained gaseous, its partial pressure (pCO2) showed a negligible influence on both uniform and localized TLC rates. At the highest gaseous CO2 content tested, the formation of a protective iron carbonate (FeCO3) layer decreased the TLC rate, with this effect being more pronounced at lower water condensation rates. The risk of localized corrosion for specimens exposed to this environment at high and medium water condensation rates remained an issue. In the dense phase CO2 environment, the difference in temperature between the bulk environment and the specimen’s surface caused a similar phenomenon to water condensation, termed water drop-out, which resulted in corrosion. The rate of water drop-out could not be measured experimentally or estimated theoretically but is a complex function of temperature, pCO2, and CO2 physical state. The interplay between high pCO2 and low pH of the dropped-out water led to elevated uniform and localized corrosion rates. The depth of localized corrosion, at the high and medium water drop-out conditions, reached its maximum at the surface temperature of ca. 45°C. At a lower surface temperature of ca. 25°C and a higher surface temperature of ca. 65°C, the maximum penetration rate was decreased due to slower kinetics of reactions and the formation of a more protective FeCO3 layer, respectively. The results presented in this study highlight the significant difference between corrosion rates, especially in the form of localized damage, in gaseous and dense-phase CO2 environments.
1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the differentiation between low- and high-grade cervical carcinoma: is it efficient?
Authors: Amin Mohamed Ibrahim , Amin A. El-Aziz I. , Badr Shimaa Elsayed , Ebaid Noha Yahia
Published: August 2024

Purpose

To evaluate the extent to which magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) lipid metabolites are accurate in predicting high-grade cervical cancer.

Material and methods

This prospective single-centre pilot study included 20 cases with pathologically proven cervical cancer. They underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with MRS. Two radiologists, blinded to the histopathological results, with 10 years of experience in gynaecological imaging, independently analysed the MRI images and MRS curves, and a third one resolved any disagreement. Using the histopathological results as a standard test, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was utilised to calculate the optimal lipid peak (1.3 ppm) cutoff for predicting high-grade cervical cancer. The difference in MRS metabolites between low- and high-grade cervical cancer groups was estimated using the Mann-Whitney test.

Results

The study included 11 high-grade and nine low-grade cervical cancer cases based on the histopathological evaluation. A lipid (1.3 ppm) peak of 29.9 was the optimal cutoff for predicting high-grade cervical cancer with 100% sensitivity, 77.8%, specificity, and 90% accuracy. Moreover, there was a significant difference between low- and high-grade cervical cancer cases concerning lipid peak at 0.9 ppm, lipid peak at 1.3 ppm, and the peak of choline with (p-value 0.025, 0.001, and 0.023), respectively.

Conclusions

MRS might be considered a useful imaging technique for assessing the grade of cervical cancer and improving the planning of treatment. It shows a good diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, it can be adopted in clinical practice for better patient outcome.
Pengaruh Pengangguran Terbuka Terdidik Universitas Terhadap Garis Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of open unemployment at female and male universities on the poverty line in Aceh Province using data from the Central Statistics Agency Aceh for the 2012-2020 period. Next, the data was analyzed using the linear regression analysis method multiple and processed using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions). This study found that male open unemployment had a positive effect on the poverty line although the unemployment rate for male university educated students is lower in comparison Unemployed university educated women in Aceh Province. Meanwhile, the open unemployed are educated Women's universities have no effect on the poverty line in Aceh Province. Policy What the Aceh regional government needs to pay attention to is providing employment opportunities for educated men's universities and universities, especially in Aceh Province, can produce graduates ready to use in the world of work.
Analisa Anggaran Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Jalan Ulee Jalan-Blang Mane Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan (Tahap IV) (Doka)
Authors: Iqbal Deni , Kumita
Published: August 2024

Peningkatan Struktur Jalan Ulee Jalan-Blang Mane Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan Kabupaten Bireuen sepanjang 1,7 km. Sumber dana untuk proyek peningkatan struktur jalan Ulee Jalan-Blang Mane Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan Kabupaten Bireuen berasal dari dana APBK Kabupaten Bireuen tahun anggaran 2022 yaitu sebesar Rp. 3.232.153.000,- (Tiga milyar dua ratus tiga puluh dua juta seratur lima puluh tiga ribu rupiah) dengan nomor kontrak 620/05.19/SP/PEMB/BM/VI/2022 tanggal 30 juni 2022 yang dilaksanakan oleh CV. KATANA JAYA. Biaya ini sudah termasuk didalamnya Ppn, Pph, Overhead, dan Profit. Sehingga dalam perhitungan Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan (RAP) ini perlu pemisahan dari biaya-biaya tidak langsung tersebut (indirect cost). Lokasi Proyek peningkatan struktur jalan Ulee Jalan-Blang Mane Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan Kabupaten Bireuen yang berjarak 17 Km dari Keude Matangglumpangdua. Perhitungan estimasi biaya pelaksanaan bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa besar harga rencana anggaran biaya pelaksanaan menggunakan metode analisis harga satuan pekerjaan (AHSP) bidang pekerjaan umum Direktorat Jendral Bina Marga (2018). Perhitungan meliputi perhitungan biaya langsung (biaya material, biaya tenaga kerja, biaya peralatan) dan biaya tidak langsung (biaya kontingensi, tax, profit). Penulis menggunakan Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisis data mangacu pada pedoman analisis harga satuan pekerjaan (AHSP)  bidang pekerjaan umum Direktorat Jendral Bina Marga tahun 2018. Menurut analisis perhitungan yang telah di hitung pada peningkatan struktur Jalan Ulee Jalan-Blang Mane Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan Kabupaten Bireuen dengan anggaran yang telah tertera pada kontrak kerja Perencanaan dengan nilai kontrak Rp. 3.232.153.000,- didapatkan keuntungan dari biaya pelaksanaan sebesar Rp. 340.537.000,- untuk model 1,   Rp. 32.254.000,- untuk model 2 dan Rp. 372.797.000,- untuk model
Intelligent Maize Yield Prediction Model Based on Plant Attributes and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Olanrewaju Oyenike Mary , Jiya Eli Adama , Echobu Faith Oluwatosin
Published: August 2024

Agriculture is a vital component of the Nigerian economy. The sector is a major source of employment for a large number of Nigerians. Maize is a widely planted crop and consumed in Nigeria, especially in the northern part of the country, with many poor families relying on it as the major source of carbohydrates. Therefore, sufficient provision of the crop is very vital, and prediction of the yield is very essential for proper planning in case of crop failure. This research developed three machine learning models for predicting maize yield using Random Tree, Random Forest and Neural Networks. The work made use of maize yield data from an experimental farm of Federal University Dutsin-ma, Katsina state. From the performance evaluation of the models, the Random Tree model demonstrated better performance than other models. It achieved the lowest MAE, RMSE, RAE, and RRSE values of 0.093, 0.096, 19.7%, and 19.2% respectively. This result indicates a lower error rate and a higher accuracy of almost 80% in predicting the numerical value of the weight of the maize yield. It is recommended that the model here be used to predict future maize yield in the state for proper planning and to ensure food security for the people of the state who are major maize consumers.
Understanding Visitors’ Learning Experience through Exhibition Design at the Universiti Malaya Art Gallery through Multifaceted Approach
Authors: Binti Zainal Abidin Hazlin Anita , Fadzil Noorshahira Mohd
Published: August 2024

Background: Exhibition design is tied closely with the function and the appearance of every facet of the museum system. It embraces all tangible evidence of the museum activities and at the same time supports the meaning of the exhibition and becomes an essential feature for visitors’ learning experience. Purpose: Driven by the question of how we can create an exhibition that suits visitors’ learning experience, the making of exhibition prototypes was conducted. Methodology/Approach: Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected to identify visitors’ learning experiences through the exhibition design created and to discover creative solutions to complex exhibition problems through an interdisciplinary approach. Finding/Conclusions: It was found that each museum visitors have a certain standard and need in viewing the exhibitions. The process behind design thinking provides several advantages and benefits in this research. It assists in the creation of the prototype while mise-en-scene works as an instrument in designing the exhibit. The outcome of this research will assist art galleries and museums to understand better the learning experience from the visitor’s perspective and on top of all enable gallery management to provide better exhibition design with better learning outcomes for visitors. Implications: The ‘new practice’ will be a huge contribution to future development and highlight the importance of exhibition design in improving visitors’ learning experience process with the intent that it can lead to a better understanding not only from the visitors’ perspective but also from the gallery.
ОБРАБОТКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ДАННЫМИ ПО НЕПРЕРЫВНОМУ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ ПЕДАГОГОВ
Authors: Нурбекова Ж.К. , Досымбек Д.М. , Бешеев Д.М. , Досымбек С.М.
Published: August 2024

В настоящей статье рассматривается важный аспект современной образовательной практики -вопросыпо сбору, упорядочению, формализации и структурированиюданных по непрерывному профессиональному развитию педагогов (НПРП) в различных форматах. Предложенныеподходынаправленына создание системы, способной эффективно обрабатывать и анализировать разнообразную информацию о профессиональном развитии педагогов, такую как курсы повышения квалификации, тренинги, семинары, конференциии другие образовательные мероприятия. Описываютсяосновные этапы разработки методики, начиная с анализа основных процессов НПРП и определения требований к данным, и заканчивая созданием структурированной информационной модели и архитектуры данных. Так жеуделяется особое внимание методам сбора данных из различных источников, их упорядочению и формализации для последующего анализа и визуализации. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для разработки и внедрения информационных систем, специализированных на НПРП, а также для совершенствования существующих методов анализа и управления данными в образовательной сфере.
COLANGITE: SINTOMATOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DA INFECÇÃO BILIAR
Authors: Santos Maria Clara Vilaça , Zanon Ana Beatriz Rodrigues , Miranda Maria Constancio , Mol Larissa Milagres , Alhais Victor Drumond Pardini
Published: August 2024

A colangite é uma infecção bacteriana grave do trato biliar, frequentemente resultante de obstrução das vias biliares, que pode ser causada por cálculos, estenoses ou tumores. Esta condição leva ao acúmulo de bile e ao aumento da pressão intra-hepática, criando um ambiente propício para a proliferação bacteriana. A tríade clássica de sintomas da colangite inclui febre, dor abdominal e icterícia, conhecida como tríade de Charcot, embora a apresentação clínica possa variar. O diagnóstico é confirmado por exames de imagem como ultrassonografia e colangiopancreatografia endoscópica retrógrada (CPER). O tratamento envolve uma abordagem combinada de antibioticoterapia para controlar a infecção e técnicas de drenagem para aliviar a obstrução das vias biliares, podendo incluir CPER, drenagem percutânea ou cirurgia, dependendo da gravidade e da causa subjacente. A rápida intervenção é crucial para prevenir complicações severas como sepse e falência multiorgânica. A revisão destaca a importância da identificação precoce e do manejo multidisciplinar para otimizar os resultados clínicos, apresentando uma visão abrangente das estratégias diagnósticas e terapêuticas mais recentes. A prevenção de colangite inclui a gestão proativa das condições que causam obstrução biliar e a implementação de práticas de controle de infecção.
ACALÁSIA: DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMENTO E DESAFIOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Pessoti Hugo Volponi , Carvalho Fernanda Alves , Biguelini Maria Fernanda , Lucena Jordana Glauce Pereira de , Quintela João Marcos Costa , Peixoto Larissa Kuhlmann Cunha , Brandani Camila Esteves , Storni Paulo Ricardo Guimarães Rocha , Bertolin Gustavo Braga , Santos Ray Bernardo Araujo dos , Oliveira Milena Souza de , Silva Pedro Henrique Vogel
Published: August 2024

A acalásia é uma desordem esofágica rara e complexa que se caracteriza pela falha do esfíncter esofágico inferior (EEI) em relaxar adequadamente e pela perda da motilidade peristáltica do esôfago distal. Esta condição leva a uma série de sintomas debilitantes, incluindo disfagia (dificuldade em engolir), regurgitação e dor torácica, o que pode afetar significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O diagnóstico da acalásia é geralmente estabelecido através de uma combinação de exames, sendo a manometria esofágica o método padrão-ouro que avalia a motilidade esofágica e a função do EEI. A endoscopia é usada para excluir outras patologias e a radiografia com contraste pode revelar dilatação esofágica e retenção de alimentos. O tratamento da acalásia visa aliviar os sintomas e pode incluir abordagens farmacológicas, endoscópicas e cirúrgicas. Terapias farmacológicas, como nitratos e bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio, podem reduzir a pressão do EEI, enquanto técnicas endoscópicas, como a dilatação pneumática e a miotomia endoscópica, têm mostrado bons resultados em termos de alívio dos sintomas. A cirurgia, como a miotomia de Heller, continua sendo uma opção eficaz, especialmente em casos mais graves ou quando outras abordagens falham. Novas terapias, incluindo o uso de toxina botulínica e radiofrequência, estão sendo exploradas para oferecer alternativas menos invasivas.
The ability of a stochastic regional weather generator to reproduce heavy precipitation events across scales
Authors: Guan Xiaoxiang , Nguyen Dung Viet , Voit Paul , Merz Bruno , Heistermann Maik , Vorogushyn Sergiy
Published: August 2024

Abstract. We assess the ability of a regional weather generator to represent the extremity of heavy precipitation events (HPEs) across spatial and temporal scales. To this end, we implement the multi-site non-stationary Regional Weather Generator (nsRWG) for the area of Germany and generate 100 sets of synthetic daily precipitation data spanning 72 years. The weather extremity index (WEI) and its recent cross-scale modification (xWEI) are applied to quantify the cross-scale extremity of synthetic and observed HPEs and to compare their distributions. The results show that the nsRWG excels in replicating the extremity patterns for almost all 7 durations (ranging from 1 to 7 days) considered. The frequency of small-scale 1-day rainfalls is however slightly overestimated. nsRWG aptly reproduces the potential influential areas of HPEs, whether of short or long duration. It is capable of generating precipitation events mirroring the extremity patterns observed during past disaster-causing HPEs in Germany, while simultaneously accommodating their variations. This study demonstrates the potential of the nsRWG for simulating HPE-related hazard and assessing flood risks.
Aplicación y resultados de los Programas de Desarrollo Rural LEADER y PRODER en la campaña de Oropesa y Cuatro Villas (Toledo)
Authors: Casas Casas Daniel
Published: August 2024

Durante los últimos treinta años, los programas de desarrollo rural LEADER y PRODER han propiciado la dinamización de los recursos endógenos de los territorios considerados desfavorecidos por la Unión Europea con el fin de estimular y movilizar iniciativas innovadoras y contribuir a incrementar la competitividad de estas áreas a través de experiencias piloto y demostrativas. En este sentido, este artículo tiene como objetivo proporcionar un estudio y balance de dichos programas tras la experiencia de su aplicación en la comarca toledana de La Campana de Oropesa y Cuatro Villas. Para la consecución de este fin hemos recogido y analizado las bases de datos de todas las fases de inversión dentro el período 1997-2020, y gracias a la utilización del aparato estadístico y cartográfico, hemos obtenido unos resultados que nos permiten valorar la incidencia de los programas y compararlos a escala municipal dentro del territorio de estudio.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Use of Menstrual Cup Among Female College Students Aged 18-21 Years in Ambalapuzha Taluk
Authors: M T Syama , R Reeja
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to assess Knowledge and attitude regarding use of menstrual cup among female college students aged 18-21 years in Ambalapuzha taluk. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of knowledge regarding use of menstrual cup among female college students, assess the attitude of female college students towards use of menstrual cup, determine the relationship between knowledge and attitude of female college students regarding use of menstrual cup, determine the association between knowledge of female college students regarding use of menstrual cup and selected socio personal variables and determine the association between attitude of female college students regarding use of menstrual cup and selected socio personal variable. The conceptual framework adopted for this study was Rosenstock’s health belief model. Cross- sectional survey design was used in this study. Using multistage cluster sampling, 300 female college students were selected from selected colleges of Ambalapuzha taluk. Socio personal data were obtained by using socio personal data sheet and the knowledge of female college students regarding use of menstrual cup were assessed by using a questionnaire. Attitude towards the use of menstrual cup was assessed by using a Likert rating scale. All the data were collected as self-reports from female college students. The study findings showed that 83.3% of female college students had average knowledge regarding use of menstrual cup. Out of 300 female college students, 5.3% had unfavorable attitudes and 94.7% had favorable attitude towards use of menstrual cup. There was a moderate positive correlation (+.560) between knowledge and attitude of female college students regarding use of menstrual cup. There was statistically significant association between knowledge of female college students and socio personal variables including education of mother and occupation of father. There was a significant association between the attitude of female college students and education of mother. The study concluded that providing appropriate knowledge regarding use of menstrual cup will help to increase the adaptability of the menstrual cup without causing any harm.

Key words: Knowledge, attitude, use of menstrual cup, female college students.
Role of Udvartana in Prevention and Management of Metabolic Syndrome - A Review
Authors: Mishra Shubhangi , Kumar Manish
Published: August 2024

The global burden of Metabolic Syndrome has drastically increased over the past three decades. More than a billion people worldwide are now suffering from Metabolic Syndrome and in order to stop the disease's spread, not only medication but life style modifications are necessary. MetS is a cluster of central obesity, high plasma glucose levels, increased blood pressure and increased low density lipoproteins (LDL) and low HDL. In Ayurveda, this condition can be correlated with medo dushti vikar along with prameha and sthaulya. Various acharyas have mentioned the elaborated Chikitsa for these ailments which include Shodhana and Shaman Chikitsa. However, if we are looking for a simpler and more successful way to cure or prevent the condition, Udavartana Karma seems to be a better alternative which is often performed with rukshan dravyas. It is said to have Kaphahara and Medohara properties i.e., it promotes fat reduction, tissue integrity, and skin health. Clinical research indicates that udvartana has several catabolic effects on body fat. According to one study, udvartana causes a considerable drop in physical parameters such as body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist hip ratio, and skin fold thickness and also it exhibits adequate viability in terms of lipid levels. All of these actions of udavartana can collaboratively avoid the development of metabolic syndrome and further aid to lower the possibilities of having corelated morbidities such as fatal heart conditions.

Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Udvartan, Obesity,
Density Well Log Prediction in X Field Niger Delta using Ensemble Learning Models and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Mulekya Patient K. , Boboye Olugbenga A. , Adabanija Moruffdeen A. , Numbi Kasongo Numbi , Baba Tomisin B.
Published: August 2024

Performing reservoir characterization in exploration with limited data can be very is challenging. Various approaches are used to estimate values away from the well location. In this study, the density log, which is important for porosity analysis, was missed in one of the five available well log datasets. To solve this problem, an artificial neural network (ANN) approach was used to synthesise a density log (RHOB) from available and measured Gamma Ray (GR) log, Sonic (DT), water saturation (SW), and related Depth of 3 wells in the field. The performance of the prediction was evaluated using the fourth well. Five models were constructed with different optimizers from machine learning with a neural network made of an input layer with 5 neurons, a hidden dense layer with 32 neurons and an output dense layer with 1 neuron. The models were constructed based on Nesterov-accelerated Adaptive Moment Estimation (NADAM), Adaptive Moment Estimation (ADAM), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), and Root Mean Square Propagation (RMSP) optimizers, and an Ensemble model which combined the four optimizers. The test on actual data showed very low mean absolute errors of 0.0262, 0.0278, 0.0270, 0.0309, and 0.0248 and high coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.8832, 0.8746, 0.8986, 0.8858, and 0.9051 between the predicted and the actual data obtained for NADAM, ADAM, SGD, RMSP, and the Ensemble model, respectively, after 25 epochs. These indicated high performance of the Ensemble Learning model, suggesting that the constructed model can be used to predict the well that lacks RHOB.
Mortalidade de Mulheres por Arma de Fogo no Brasil: Análise Temporal (2010-2019)
Authors: Soares Albenize de Azevedo , Ramos Daianne Gomes dos , Bezerra Héllyda de Souza , Santiago Janmilli da Costa Dantas , Silva Leilane Victoria Dantas e , Távora Rafaela Carolini de Oliveira , Marinho Cristiane da Silva Ramos
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O Feminicídio é caracterizado como o assassinato de mulheres decorrentes da desigualdade de gênero. No Brasil, esses crimes são praticados principalmente em locais com maiores índices de pobreza, com maior ocorrência entre as mulheres jovens, pardas, solteiras, de menor escolaridade e baixa renda, sendo executados preferencialmente através da arma de fogo. Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade de mulher por arma de fogo e indicadores socioeconômicos no Brasil, 2010 a 2019. Metodologia: Estudo ecológico de tendência temporal, baseado em dados secundários do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Resultados: Considerou-se como variável desfecho a taxa de mortalidade por disparo de arma de fogo em mulheres na faixa etária de 15 a 49 anos de idade. Ocorreram 2.022 desses óbitos no Brasil, de 2010 a 2019, resultando em uma taxa média de 0,36 óbitos/100.000 mulheres. Nesse período houve uma tendência de redução nessas mortalidades a partir de 2017 (APC= -11.8% IC95% -44.2; 39.5), porém sem significância estatística. A exceção da região Centro-Oeste que teve redução de significância estatística de 2010 a 2014 (APC = -41.9*% IC95% -64.7; -4,3). A região Norte obteve resultado contrário, com uma elevação de significância estatística a partir de 2013 (APC= 23,5* IC95% 0.4; 51.9), com maior ocorrência entre mulheres pardas (49,85%), solteiras (65,52%) e de menor escolaridade (28,43%). Conclusão: A redução do feminicídio no país ainda é muito aquém do desejado, especialmente nas populações mais desfavoráveis social e economicamente como é o caso da região Norte.
An introduction to Dr Mark Griffin – a data scientist working with the Auckland Bioengineering Institute and the Mātai Medical Research Institute
Authors: Griffin Mark
Published: August 2024

Mark is a data scientist based in the Gold Coast Health and Knowledge Precinct Australia. He works with the Mātai Medical Research Institute in Gisborne (as an Industry Senior Research Fellow), and as a result with people from the ABI (particularly with Dr Vickie Shim). He expects to be visiting the ABI and Mātai two or three times a year in future. On this first visit Mark will give an overview of the broad range of methodologies that he is working with covering both statistics and mathematical modelling for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mark is probably the most active presenter of short courses in statistics in Australia having now presented over 100 two-day and 50 five-day workshops. This one-hour seminar is a heavily condensed version of approximately 40 days of workshop material that he regularly presents. On future visits Mark will talk about more focussed areas of his work.

In this whirlwind talk Mark will cover:
• Regression – the difference between linear, logistic and Poisson regression
• Regression assumptions – why can’t I just enter the names of my variables into the software and click “run”?
• Factor analysis – what is factor analysis, what results are produced, what is rotation, and what is the difference between factor analysis and principal component analysis?
• Cluster analysis – what is cluster analysis? What is the difference between k means and hierarchical clustering?
• Longitudinal data analysis – how mixed effects models account for the temporal correlation in the data
• Survival or time-to-event analysis – what is survival analysis?
• Missing data – why can’t I just ignore the observations with missing data? How does multiple imputation help?
• Structural Equation Modelling – what is SEM?
• Data visualization – why do I need to invest time customizing my data visualization?
• Geographical Information Systems (GIS) – what is GIS?
• Survey design – why do survey questions need to be worded carefully?
• Applications in imaging processing for magnetic resonance imaging – Finite Element Models, filtering
• Data management for complex clinical trials
A atualidade de Marx para o debate sobre tecnologia e meio ambiente
Authors: Andrioli Antônio Inácio
Published: August 2024

Os estudos de Karl Marx indicam que a continuidade do capitalismo, orientado prioritariamente pela maximização dos lucros, conduz, tendencialmente, a uma crescente exploração e expropriação da força de trabalho, por um lado, e, por outro, à deterioração da base de produção econômica, da fonte da riqueza, ou seja, da natureza. Mas a originalidade de Marx em constatar que as forças produtivas se convertem em forças destrutivas foi pouco abordada por marxistas otimistas com o desenvolvimento da técnica, a industrialização e o crescimento econômico. Com a crescente crise ambiental, o pensamento marxiano reitera sua atualidade, evidenciando a insustentabilidade do modo de produção capitalista e a dimensão destrutiva do seu desenvolvimento tecnológico. A destrui ção ambiental segue a mesma lógica da exploração de um ser humano por outro. Pela alienação (Entfremdung) do trabalho o ser humano se distancia da natureza e se estranha, num processo duplo de desumanização e destruição.
Ecossocialismo e planejamento democrático
Authors: Löwy Michael
Published: August 2024

Remetendo-se à tradição marxista, e fazendo a crítica das propostas ecológicas de Michael Albert e Serge Latouche, o autor defende o ecossocialismo como alternativa para os impasses da esquerda e para enfrentar os riscos de aniquilamento do planeta e da espécie humana.
Classe operária e classes médias
Authors: Milios John , Economakis George
Published: August 2024

A partir de uma releitura crítica da teoria marxista de classe, desenvolve-se uma nova investigação em torno da fronteira entre classe operária e classes médias, com enfoque na identidade de classe das classes médias com relação à questão da situação estrutural de classe e da posição de classe. Neste contexto, resumimos os argumentos da abordagem de Nicos Poulantzas a respeito desse tema, de acordo com os quais todas as subcategorias básicas das classes médias pertencem à mesma classe pequeno-burguesa, e submetemos esses argumentos à crítica, defendendo a posição de que seria mais adequado ver as subcoletividades das classes médias não como partes da mesma classe, mas como classes sociais distintas: a média burguesia, a pequena burguesia tradicional e a nova pequena burguesia. Neste contexto, questionamos a maneira como Poulantzas utiliza a noção de “efeitos pertinentes”, para interpretar a situação de classe e a posição ideológica e política de classe das classes médias.
Stalin
Authors: Moraes Francisco Quartim de
Published: August 2024

Durante os processos de Nurembergue, foi negado aos réus dos crimes nazistas (e também nos processos de Tóquio contra réus japoneses) o recurso ao princípio dito do tu quoque, ou seja, argumentar que os crimes de que estavam sendo acusados eram extremamente semelhantes àqueles cometidos por seus acusadores. Ao mesmo princípio remete a expressão leyenda negra, que inspira o subtítulo desse imprescindível estudo de Losurdo: ela foi forjada por intelectuais espanhóis para rebater as hipócritas acusações da Inglaterra liberal, que acusava a Espanha de cometer as piores atrocidades em suas colônias, “esquecendo” que ela própria cometia enormes crimes em seu império colonial. Um crime não pode ser desculpado por outro, mas a função das lendas negras é fazer crer que os criminosos são sempre os outros.
The Role of International Organizations in Promoting Women's Rights: Take the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women as an Example
Authors: Dai Ying
Published: August 2024

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Spatial Experiences
Authors: Gyuris Kata
Published: August 2024

Review of Ágnes Györke and Imola Bülgözdi (eds.), Geographies of Affect in Contemporary Literature and Visual Culture: Central Europe and the West (Leiden and Boston: Brill-Rodopi, 2021)
Paradigmas epistemológicos del derecho: una mirada a las bases de las Ciencias Jurídicas
Authors: Salgado Téllez Yader Iván
Published: August 2024

El propósito fundamental de este ensayo radica en exponer los principales paradigmas epistemológicos que regulan las ciencias jurídicas, siendo estos los siguientes: El paradigma metafísico del derecho, el metafísico – racional, el empirista y el paradigma de la teoría lingüística. Particularmente dentro del paradigma racional se aborda la teoría pura del derecho de Hans Kelsen, así como la teoría de la fuerza en las ciencias y la hermenéutica jurídicas como herramienta para alcanzar un sentido práctico de las disposiciones jurídicas en general. Se concluye que los cuatro paradigmas epistemológicos siembran los cimientos de las ciencias jurídicas tal y como las conocemos hoy.