bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collaborating with Style: Using an Agent-Based Model to Simulate Cognitive Style Diversity in Problem Solving Teams
Authors: McComb Christopher , Jablokow Kathryn , Lapp Samuel
Published: July 2019

Collaborative problem solving can be successful or counterproductive. The performance of collaborative teams depends not only on team members' abilities, but also on their cognitive styles. Cognitive style measures differences in problem-solving behavior: how people generate solutions, manage structure, and interact. While teamwork and problem solving have been studied separately, their interactions are less understood. This paper introduces the KAI Agent-Based Organizational Optimization Model (KABOOM), the first model to simulate cognitive style in collaborative problem solving. KABOOM simulates the performance of teams of agents with heterogeneous cognitive styles on two contextualized design problems. Results demonstrate that, depending on the problem, certain cognitive styles may be more effective than others. Also, intentionally aligning agents' cognitive styles with their roles can improve team performance. These experiments demonstrate that KABOOM is a useful tool for studying the effects of cognitive style on collaborative problem solving.
PESTA DEMOKRASI DAN ISTILAH "SERANGAN FAJAR" DI INDONESIA
Authors: yuliani riska ayu
Published: July 2019

Indonesia merupakan negara demokrasi yang mengadakan pemilihan umum untuk memilih calon pemimpin maupun calon wakil rakyat, baik di daerah maupun di pusat. Di Indoneisa tidak asing lagi dengan istilah pesta demokrasi, yaitu musim pemilihan umum yang serentak di lakukan di seluruh penjuru Indonesia. Masyarakat Indonesia memiliki hak untuk memilih calon pemimpin ataupun calon wakil rakyat sesuai dengan hati nurani masing-masing dan tidak boleh di paksakan. Tetapi, di Indonesia masih sering di jumpai istilah "Serangan Fajar", dimana masyarakat akan memilih "dia" yang mau memberi sejumlah uang atau barang tertentu. dari pada "dia" yang bersikap jujur dengan tidak menggunakan money politik.
KASUS KORUPSI BERJAMAAH DPR-RI
Authors: Pinggaofit Maila
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK :Hati nurani yaitu hati manusia yang memiliki pengetahuan. Sebenarnya proporsi hati yang mengetahui sama sekali tidak tepat. Soal pengetahuan tak pernah merupakan soal hati, melainkan soal akal budi (rasio). Dan sebab itu, jika dikatakan hati nurani mengetahui, maksudnya ialah hati kita memiliki semacam pertimbangan yang membimbing kehendak kita.Pengetahuan hati seringkali lebih merupakan pengetahuan yang dicurahkan, dipatrikan, ditancapkan dalam hati kita. Karena hati tidak bisa berpikir bahwa hanya akal budi saja yang bisa berpikir. Hati nurani seringkali disebut sebagai suara allah. Lalu bagaimana dengan mereka yang tidak beragama/tidak mengenal tuhan? Apakah mereka mempunyai hati nurani juga?Meskipun tidak mengenal tuhan dan sabda-sabdanya, manusia dapat melanggar perintah tuhan karena dengan hati nuraninya tuhan hadir di dalam diri mereka. Tidak ada alasan bagi manusia yang tidak mengenal tuhan untuk bertindak sekenanya, sebab mereka memiliki hati nurani yang dapat membimbing perbuatan mereka. Fenomena hati nurani adalah fenomen pertimbangan boleh/ tidak boleh atau baik/buruk mengenai segala sesuatu yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Hati nurani sepertinya mengajukan paradigma nilai-nilai yang disumberkan dan tuhan sendiri.Hati nurani disebut juga”synderesis”. Dalam bahasa inggris disebut “conscience”. Yang berkaitan langsung dengan kesadaran. Hati nurani menjadi seperti kapasitas/daya/kekuatan yang pertimbangan dan pemeriksaannya mengatasi hokum, fenomen baik/buruk sebagaimana digagas oleh public kebanyakan, mengatasi larangan/perintah dalam peratutan-peraturan yang dimiliki dalam hidup manusia. Hati nurani dalam pengertian ini lantas dipahami sebagai suatu kesadaran batin/interior yang ada dalam hati manusia yang pemeriksaannya atas problem kehidupan bersifat sekaligus/serentak/menyeluruh bak elang yang melihat segala sesuatu secara keseluruhan.Karena hati nurani adalah “suara tuhan” aneka pertimbangan yang diberikannya mengantar manusia kepada allah. Jadi, hati nurani tidak sekedar berurusan dengan salah benar secara etis, melainkan langsung menunjuk kepada relasi manusia dengan allah dalam cara-cara yang tidak bisa direduksi sekedar dalam agama-agama formal.
LPORAN KULIAH TAMU
Authors: Nunki Ignasia
Published: July 2019

laporan makalah kulah hipnosis
15 Langkah Demi Langkah Jalani Profesi Kepala Sekolah
Authors: Ningrum Yuli Hutami
Published: July 2019

15 Langkah Demi Langkah nyata untuk menJalani Profesi Kepala Sekolah
ANALISIS KONSENTRASI CO DI JALAN TERHADAP PENGARUH JUMLAH KENDARAAN DAN BAKU MUTU UDARA AMBIEN
Authors: YUSUF LATIFA
Published: July 2019

Kendaraan bermotor sekarang menjadi salah satu kebutuhan utama masyarakat perkotaan di Indonesia. Situasi ini tentu mempengaruhi jumlah kendaraan bermotor yang terus meningkat. Gas buangan yang dipancarkan oleh kendaraan bermotor mengandung polutan udara dengan persentase CO tertinggi 70,5%. Presentase partikulatnya kecil tetapi polutan ini memiliki dampak berbahaya pada kesehatan pernapasan dibandingkan dengan polutan lainnya. Tujuan dari penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menganalisis konsentrasi CO terhadap jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Jalan dan membandingkan hasil pengambilan sampel dengan standar kualitas udara ambien PP No. 41 tahun 1999. Metode yang digunakan pada pengukuran CO adalah sampling roadside udara ambien CO untuk setiap fungsi ruas jalan. Secara umum, konsentrasi CO yang berasal dari kendaraan motor tidak melebihi baku mutu udara ambien.
BIOINDIKATOR KUALITAS PERAIRAN SUNGAI
Authors: pratiwi ariane
Published: July 2019

Pada umumnya kondisi air sungai yang ada di DKI Jakarta dari hulu menuju hilir semakin kurang baik kualitasnya baik kualitas fisik, kualitas kimia maupun kualitas biologi. Berdasarkan Indeks Pencemar sungai, sungai-sungai di DKI Jakarta termasuk dalam kategori cemar sedang dan cemar berat. Hal ini perlunya mengkaji kualitas air agar tidak mencemarkan lingkungan. Pemantauan kualitas air sungai di analisis secara fisik,kimia dan biologi. Kondisi fisik dan kimia mempengaruhi makhluk biologis yang ada di perairan. Bioindikator adalah organisme hidup seperti tanaman, plankton, hewan, dan mikroba, yang digunakan untuk menyaring kesehatan ekosistem alami di lingkungan. Indikator biologi dapat memantau secara kontinyu dan merupakan petunjuk yang mudah untuk memantau terjadinya pencemaran. Plankton adalah organisme perairan yang hidup melayang dengan pergerakan pasif dan tidak dapat melawan arus. Plankton yang mempunyai sifat selalu bergerak dapat juga dijadikan indikator pencemaran perairan. Plankton akan bergerak mencari tempat yang sesuai dengan hidupnya apabila terjadi pencemaran yang mengubah kondisi tempat hidupnya. Dengan demikian terjadi perubahan susunan komunitas organisme di suatu perairan di mana hal ini dapat dijadikan sebagai petunjuk terjadinya pencemaran di perairan. kesehatan perairan paling baik dicerminkan oleh plankton, yang bertindak sebagai sinyal peringatan dini.Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air sungai terhadap aktivitas masyarakat yang berada di sekitaran bantaran sungai. Dalam ulasan ini penulis mencoba menjelaskan konsep di balik Bioindikator dan plankton, dengan penekanan khusus pada potensi mereka untuk digunakan sebagai Bioindikator untuk penilaian kualitas air dan hasil yang berkaitan dengan hal ini. Metodologi yang digunakan ini adalah survey lapangan, observasi, dan analisis laboratorium.
Relevansi Konsep Pluralisme Terhadap TidakaN Intoleransi Di Indonesia
Authors: Andriani Katarina Dian
Published: July 2019

AbstrakIndonesia adalah negara yang kaya, dapat dikatakan multikultural. Kaya akan pulau, bahasa, usuku, hingga agama. Multikultural menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi perkembangan bangsa ini, melihat fenomena yang terjadi saat ini, dimana banyak ditemukan tindakan-tindakan yang kurang mengenakan. Saat ini marak sekali tindakan intoleransi di masyarakat, tindakan ini berangkat dari pemahaman masyarakat mengenai ajaran-ajaran agama yang ekslusif. Memahami ajaran agamanya secara ekslusif, menganggap agamanya paling benar dan menjatuhkan yang lain. Konflik umat beragama sudah sering kali terjadi di negara ini, hal ini dikarenakan sikap yang tidak mau terbuka terhadap yang lain. Melihat fenomena ini, pluralisme agama kiranya perlu diajarakan kepada masyarakat, pemahaman untuk terbuka terhadap ajaran agama lain. Pluralisme memberikan konsep, untuk menerima keberagaman dan kemajemukan agama. Keyword- Keberagaman- Intoleransi- Pluralisme agama
KASUS PEMBUNUHAN AYAHNYA SENDIRI DITINJAU DARI TEORI TATANAN MORAL SUBYEKTIF (HATI NURANI)
Authors: Anggreni Akuntansi Tirsa
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membahas dimana banyak manusia yang sudah kehilangan akal budinya, bisa dikatakan ingin menyelesaikan masalah/permasalahan dengan cara melakukan pembunuhan. Banyak orang-orang jaman sekarang melakukan pembunuhan yang sadis hanya karena sakit hati, mempunyai hutang, adanya perselingkuhan dalam rumah tangga. Mereka semua yang melakukan tindakan keji ini bisa dikatakan manusia tidak mempunyai hati padahal sudah jelas bahwa membunuh manusia itu adalah perbuatan dosa. Padahal kita sebagai manusia sejak kita diciptakan kita sudah dikarunia oleh Tuhan YME akal budi dimana manusia dapat berpikir dimana setiap ada permasalahan selalu ada jalan keluar tapi pada kenyataannya banyak sekali orang-orang yang membunuh hanya karena percekcokan semata. Disini kita akan membawas salah satu masyarakat indonesia wanita indonesia yang tega membunuh ayahnya lantaran emosi dibangunkan salat Ashar.Bagaimana cara kita pemerintah untuk mengurangi kasus pembunuhan yang terjadi di indonesia? Yaitu dari kesadaran diri kita masing-masing lebih lagi dekat dengan Tuhan supaya tidak terhasut dengan iblis.
Pubertal hormones and brain structure: Exploring the value of hair assays
Authors: Vijayakumar Nandita , Shirtcliff Elizabeth A , Byrne Michelle L , Mills Kathryn L. , Cheng Theresa W , Mobasser Arian , Flannery Jessica E. , Nelson Benjamin W , Flournoy John Coleman , Wang Wen , Allen Nicholas B. , Pfeifer Jennifer H
Published: July 2019

Neuroimaging research has highlighted the role of puberty in structural brain development in humans, but studies investigating the mechanistic role of hormones in this association have produced inconsistent findings. Limitations of current approaches to hormonal assessments have long been recognized, as hormone levels are susceptible to momentary influences (in particular, circadian rhythmicity and menstrual cyclicity). In this study, we present a comprehensive characterization of hormonal associations with brain structure using two methods of assessing hormone concentrations that are less susceptible to extraneous factors. We focus on effect sizes estimations as varied analytic strategies employed in prior research may be contributing to inconsistencies, and also demonstrate the effects of controlling for age or pubertal stage. Associations were examined in a cross-sectional sample of early adolescent females (N = 112, 10-13 years of age). We collected an average of four saliva samples across a month to calculate “basal” pubertal hormone concentrations (estradiol, testosterone, and DHEA). We also used the relatively novel method of assaying these hormones in hair; 5cm hair samples were collected proximal to the scalp, reflecting approximately 5 months of hormonal exposure. Participants underwent structural MRI scans, and estimates of cortical thickness and subcortical volume were obtained. Findings revealed that DHEA and testosterone concentrations in saliva samples exhibited strongest associations with parieto-occipital cortices, and controlling for age and pubertal stage considerably decreased the strength of these associations. Comparatively, DHEA and estradiol concentrations in hair exhibited strong negative associations with cingulate and lateral prefrontal cortical thickness, and controlling for age and pubertal stage resulted in minimal change in these associations. They also provide preliminary evidence that hair and saliva samples may be tracking different aspects of neuroendocrine processes, and highlight the need for further investigations into the potential utility of hair samples in pubertal neuroimaging research.
Individual Differences in Value-Directed Remembering
Authors: Elliott Blake L. , McClure Samuel M. , Brewer Gene Arnold
Published: July 2019

Prioritized encoding and retrieval of valuable information is an essential component of human memory due to capacity limits. Individual differences in value-directed encoding may derive from variability in stimulus valuation, memory encoding, or from strategic abilities related to maintenance in working memory. We collected multiple cognitive ability measures to test whether variation in episodic memory, working memory capacity, or both predict differences in value-directed remembering among a large sample of participants (n=205). Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was used to assess the contributions of episodic and working memory to value sensitivity in value-directed remembering tasks. Episodic memory ability, but not working memory capacity, was predictive of value-directed remembering. These results suggest that cognitive processes may be differentially related to value-based memory encoding.
Infection associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: An institutional experience
Authors: Parameswaran Kavitha Kanjirakkattumana , Kollathodi Shehla Basheer
Published: July 2019

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is an uncommon yet potentially life-threatening disorder. Even though an early recognition of this condition is critical, the diagnosis is often delayed due to a lack of awareness, as well as lack of specific clinical and laboratory features. There is no gold standard for confirmation of a suspected case of HLH.
Aims and Objectives: In this article, we share our experience in infection-associated HLH, in the light of a thorough literature search.
Materials and Methods: We analyzed the clinico-pathological features of 11 consecutive patients who were admitted to our hospital from July 2017 to January 2019 with a diagnosis of HLH. Bone marrow material was collected from all but one case, and the marrow aspirate and biopsy were studied in detail.
Results: There were 9 adult and 2 pediatric patients with HLH. The infections associated with HLH were Dengue fever, Influenza B, and Adenovirus infection. One child had features of severe sepsis, but the causative agent was not identified. Eight out of 11 patients succumbed to the illness.
Conclusion: This study highlights the high mortality rate related to infection associated HLH. Timely diagnosis and early aggressive treatment can improve the clinical outcome of this otherwise potentially fatal condition. Physicians should have a high index of suspicion when patients develop prolonged fever associated with cytopenia and multi-organ involvement.
A study on distribution and gender wise predilection of lip print pattern
Authors: Timsinha Sidarth , Kar Suvarna Manjari
Published: July 2019

Background: Lip prints are considered as very useful and are to be important forms of transfer evidence like finger prints. Studies have shown that even lip prints are unique for an individual and hence have the potential for personal identification.
Aims and Objectives: To correlate the distribution of lip print pattern and its gender wise predominance.
Material and Methods: The study comprised of 100 Nepalese medical students (50 males; 50 females). A photographic method was adopted rather than the old traditional lipstick method. The photographed lip prints were transferred into a computer to identify the character/lip print pattern. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS (version 23.0) software package and Chi-square test was applied to evaluate the existence of correlation of lip print pattern with gender.
Results: Type- II lip print pattern was frequently observed in all the four quadrants of both the sexes. This was followed by in order Type-I’>Type-I> Type-IV and Type-III lip patterns. There was a difference in gender wise distribution of lip prints.
Conclusion: Further specific population based and gender specific studies on lip prints with larger sample size are required for comparison of lip prints with gender, so that a database could be created and used for representing sex differentiation.
Relationship between Anthropometric indices, serum Leptin and Respiratory function in Myanmar male adult subjects
Authors: Zaw Thurein , Hlaing Zarchi Theint-Theint , Sein Mya Thanda
Published: July 2019

Background: The role of leptin in respiratory function has been studied in specific respiratory disease. A little is known about the association of serum leptin level and respiratory function parameter in healthy subjects.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric indices, serum leptin and respiratory function in Myanmar male adult subjects
Material and Methods: A community- based cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in 101 apparently healthy male adult subjects of age 18-45 years. All participants were categorized by anthropometric indices into non- obese (body mass index: BMI < 25 Kg/m2 and obese subjects (BMI > 30 Kg/m2). Differences in respiratory function parameter and serum leptin level were compared across the group. Spirobank II spirometer was used to measure respiratory function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR and FEF25-75%). Serum leptin level was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The percentage of predicted value of all respiratory function parameters of obese group was significantly lower than that of non-obese group (p <0.05). All respiratory function parameters were significantly and negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Median and interquartile range of serum leptin level in the obese group was 5.8(3.5-9.1) ng/mL and it was significantly higher than that of non-obese group [1.9(1.1-3.1) ng/mL, p <0.001]. Serum leptin level was significantly and negatively correlated with respiratory function parameters (FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEF and FEF25-75%).
Conclusion: Respiratory function declined with increasing anthropometric indices might be due to increased serum leptin level considered as systemic inflammatory effect of body.
Vitamin B Complex and Homocysteine Levels - A Trend Study Among Asian Indians
Authors: Iyer Sandhya , Sinkar Prachi , Krishnakumar K , K Kallathikumar , Velumani Amruta
Published: July 2019

Background: Vitamin B complex levels have been strongly correlated with homocysteine status and many studies suggest supplementation with vitamin B to lower cardiovascular risk among adults. However, this relationship does not show a direct trend with many studies concluding otherwise.
Aims and Objective: Our report is an attempt to study association between levels of vitamin B6, folate and B12 in relation to homocysteine in a Pan-India cohort of over 5000 individuals. 
Materials & Methods: Data from a total of 5487 Asian Indians including 2942 males and 2545 females were considered for this study. Analysis for levels of vitamins B6 and folate was done using the technology of Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), while that for Vitamin B12 and homocysteine was done using the Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA).
Results: Our analysis identified a clear correlation between vitamin B12 status and levels of homocysteine, while no such trend was observed with vitamin B6 and folate. The total frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency was detected to be 25% of which 50% exhibited clinically high homocysteine levels. The frequency among males was found to be high at 61.6% in comparison to females at 32.3% with the difference being statistically significant at p<0.0001.
Conclusion: Our report is one of the first few to document levels of vitamin B6, folate and B12 in relation to homocysteine in a large Asian Indian cohort. Low levels of vitamin B12 was found to have a greater impact on Hcy levels in comparison to other B-vitamins studied.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic potential and Hypolipidemic activity of Coccinia indica (leaves) in Diabetic Albino rats
Authors: Pochhi Mamata
Published: July 2019

Background: The whole plant of Coccinia indica is very effective in different types of diseases with fewer side effects. The leaves, roots of this plant were claimed to be useful in the treatment of diabetes mellitus based on folk medicine. The purpose of this study was to examine the antihyperglycemic effect of water extract of C. indica in alloxan diabetes rats.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to find whether the conditions, hyperglyclemia and hyerlipidemia, are correlated and whether the application of the aqueous extract leads to abating these two conditions.
Materials-Methods: The aqueous leaves extracts of C. indica (200 mg/kg) were administered orally for 14 days, in alloxan induced diabetic rats on Glucose, Lipid profile, Lipoproteins and Lipid metabolizing enzymes activity.  
Result: The aqueous leaves extract of C. indica induced significant improvement in glucose, serum Lipids, lipoproteins and lipid metabolizing enzyme activity (HMG CoA reductase, LCAT).
Conclusion: The present study indicates that the extract of Coccinia indica exhibits lipid lowering, maintaining lipoproteins concentration and also improves the activities of lipid metabolizing enzyme in hyperglycemic rats leading to an increase in peripheral glucose consumption.
Prescribing trends in patients of the pain-clinic in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Dey Saborni , Sinha Vivek , Kachhawa Poonam
Published: July 2019

Background: The drug utilization research is a significant constituent of medical audit which helps in monitoring, evaluating and building required modifications in the prescribing practices to attain a rational and cost effective medical care.
Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate drug utilization design of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in a tertiary care teaching hospital, SIMS, Hapur.
Material and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted in the outpatients of the Pain clinic during six months period to evaluate the prescribing pattern of analgesics in a tertiary care teaching hospital. After getting approval by Institutional Ethical committee, random prescriptions were collected from the OPD and scanned for the record purpose. The demographic data and the prescription were taken from 340 prescriptions. Data was analyzed as per WHO prescribing indicators.
Results: A total 340 prescriptions were analyzed. The result revealed that NSAIDs as Diclofenac (75.21%) and Paracetamol (14.88%) were the most commonly prescribed analgesics. Average number of drugs in the present study was found to be 2.29. Percentage of drugs prescribed generic name was (21.02%). Percentage of encounters with an antibiotic was 12.95%, The use of injectable preparation was around 7.20%. Out of all the medicines, 85.90% were found written from Essential Drug List.
Conclusion: The prescribing trend of NSAIDs indicate some deviation from the WHO recommendations. This touchstone data will be useful to plan more targeted research and to improve prescribing practices. These types of studies help to design policy for rational use of drugs and perioding training programs of physicians, establishing drug and therapeutic committee, drug information centres and regular educational interventions that can be beneficial for improving prescribing practice with rational drug usage.
Gemelo Heterópago
Authors: Fernández Jesús Ángel , Marín Grisel María , Tocuyo Yoadi Elena
Published: July 2019

Los gemelos parásitos o heterópagos son aquellos unidos asimétricos con  partes deformes del parásito que se unen en diferentes regiones del gemelo normal (autosite), del cual depende para su soporte nutricional y crecimiento. Presentamos el caso de un gemelo heterópago con las extremidades inferiores y rudimentos de las superiores del parásito unidas al periné y glúteo derecho del autosite. Aunque no compartían órganos pélvicos, la compresión extrínseca de estructuras óseas del parásito causaron estenosis del recto, lo que obligó a la corrección quirúrgica. Los estudios por imágenes permitieron planificar la cirugía, lo cual facilitó la separación exitosa y lograr la sobrevida del paciente con muy buena calidad de vida. A pesar de ser reportados desde épocas ancestrales, aún generan gran interés debido a la variabilidad en su presentación clínica y al desconocimiento en su etiopatogénesis.
Revolución tecnológica en patología
Authors: Nocera Lacave Carlos Germán
Published: July 2019

Una rápida mirada a las transformaciones técnicas y sus implicaciones científicas, sociales y económicas; el  mercado del diagnóstico del cáncer y el laboratorio de patología.
Sufisme dalam Pandangan Muslim Modernis Awal: Telaah Pemikiran Tasawuf Kiai Moechtar Boechari (1899-1926)
Authors: Ali Mohamad
Published: July 2019

This research tries to find sufism thought by early modernist muslim from Surakarta, Kiai Moechtar Boechari (1899-1926), by tracing his religious view and Sufism thought. He was a santri and friend of K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923) who pioneered in establish Muhammadiyah branch Surakarta. In general, as modernist muslim movement, Muham­madiyah is considered as anti-sufism. In contrast to that, Kiai Boechari paid attention to Sufism by writing a thin book, Tasawoef Tjekakan. This intellectual position is somewhat different from the mainstream modernist Islam movement. To explore this issue, this paper uses historical method by Berkhofer‟s situational approach. The result of the research points out, that firstly, religious view of Kiai Boechari is a modernist with authentic formulation, that is: purifying Tauhid, awakening scientific ethos, promoting movement of Islamic modernist, preaching Islam softly, and appreciating women‟s equality. Secondly, the character of Kiai Boechari‟s thought on Sufism seems to resemble Imam Al-Ghazali‟s mysticism of personality (transcendental mysticism), only that he modified by reducing zuhud station in order for a sufi to be involved dynamically in many aspects of life.Keywords: Kiai Moechtar Boechari, modernist muslim, sufism, Surakarta Penelitian ini berupaya mengungkap pemikiran tasawuf seorang muslim modernis awal asal Surakarta, Kiai Moechtar Boechari (1899-1926), dengan cara melacak pandangan keagamaan dan corak pemikiran tasawufnya. Dia merupakan santri dan sahabat K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923) yang turut mendirikan Muhammadiyah cabang Surakarta. Pada umumnya, sebagai gerakan Islam modernis, Muhammadiyah dipandang anti-tasawuf. Berbeda dengan itu, Kiai Boechari memberi perhatian pada sufisme dengan menulis buku tipis, Tasawoef Tjekakan. Posisi intelektual yang demikian seolah-olah menempatkannya berada “di luar arus utama” gerakan Islam modernis. Untuk mengeksplorasi masalah tersebut, peneliti memakai metode sejarah dengan pendekatan situasional Berkhofer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertama, pandangan keagamaan Kiai Boechari berhaluan modernis dengan formulasi yang otentik, yakni: memurnikan tauhid; membangkitkan etos keilmuan, aktif di gerakan Islam modern, mendakwahkan Islam dengan kelembutan, dan menghargai kesetaraan perempuan. Kedua, pemikiran tasawuf Kiai Boechari bercorak mistik kepribadian (transendental mistik) seperti halnya Imam Al-Ghazali. Lebih dari itu, dia memodifikasinya dengan tidak memasukkan tangga zuhud, agar sufi lebih dinamis menapaki berbagai aspek kehidupan.Kata kunci: Kiai Moechtar Boechari, muslim modernist, sufisme, Surakarta
Sigurnost i zaštita od požara i/ili eksplozije u fizioterapiji
Authors: Buben Sakoman Martina , Matusinović Zvonimir , Kulišić Damir
Published: July 2019

Ovim radom opisuju se vrste potencijalnih opasnosti od požara i/ili eksplozije te načini raščlanjivanja i prosuđivanja mogućih ugroženosti ili razine rizika od tih opasnosti pri obavljanju fizioterapeutske djelatnosti. Posebna pozornost posvećena je predočavanju znakovitih uzroka požara i eksplozija, te svih praktičnih izvora energije paljenja. U radu je prikazan pregled vrsta i obilježja zapaljivosti požarno i eksplozijski potencijalno opasnih tvoriva i tvari, držanih ili rabljenih u sklopu svih prostora ustanova u kojima se provodi fizioterapeutska djelatnost. Radom su prikazani neki lako mogući uzroci nastanka požara i/ili eksplozije u sklopu takvih prostora zbog nepoštovanja tehničkih smjernica, preporuka i zakonskih propisa s ciljem da se iskoriste spoznaje o uočenim rizicima kako bi se oni smanjili na najmanju moguću mjeru.
Effect of the Triceps Brachii Facilitation Technique on Scapulohumeral Muscle Activation during Reach and Point in a Healthy Population
Authors: Lennon Olive , Logeswaran Kaushika , Mistry Srushti , Moore Tara , Severini Giacomo , Cornall Catherine , O’Sullivan Cliona , McCarthy Persson Ulrik
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Neurodevelopmental techniques are commonly used in upper limb rehabilitation, but little evidence supports the facilitation techniques associated with this concept. This exploratory study determined whether a facilitation technique at the triceps muscle affected scapulothoracic muscle activity during reach in healthy participants compared with self-selected posture and reach. The secondary aim was to determine whether muscle activation levels differed between the facilitation technique and the optimized posture or guided movement. We also hypothesized that activity in the scapular stabilizers (lower trapezius [LT] and serratus anterior [SA]) would be increased during the facilitated movement than in the other conditions. Methods: The study included 17 healthy participants (aged 20–70 y). Surface electromyography recorded muscle activity in the upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), and LT muscles and in the SA, middle deltoid (MD), and triceps during five performance conditions. We used Friedman’s test to explore differences in muscle activity across conditions and Bonferroni’s post hoc test to explore the differences between conditions. Results: The facilitation technique produced decreased activity in the SA, MD, and triceps muscles ( p < 0.01) compared with the self-executed control condition. Compared with optimized posture with independent reach, facilitated movement again produced similar reductions in MD and triceps activity, with decreased LT activity also noted ( p < 0.01). Lower activity levels were noted during facilitation than during manual guidance, with or without optimized posture, in the UT, MT, ( p < 0.01), SA, and MD muscles ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Triceps facilitation did not increase scapular stability activity, but the activity levels in several other muscle groups (SA, MD, and triceps) were reduced during triceps facilitation compared with optimized posture or guided movement. Detailed analysis of this technique, including co-registered kinematic data and timing of muscle onset, is needed.
Avoiding Laghw (Nonsense, Vain Talk, Vain Actions): An Initial Contribution to the Use of Islamic Concepts in Human Sciences (Mengelakkan Laghw (Tidak Masuk Akal, Perbincangan Kosong, Tindakan Tidak Baik): Sumbangan Awal Penggunaan Konsep Islam dalam Sa)
Authors: Seise Claudia
Published: July 2019

This short academic note discusses the possibility of incorporating the Islamic concept of leaving laghw (nonsense, vain talk, vain actions) into the theoretical and/ or methodological frameworks of human sciences.
دور الشريعة الإسلامية في ترسيخ مبادئ الحوكمة: مدى إلزامية الوعد في المصارف الإسلامية نموذجاً (The Role of Shariah in Consolidating the Principles of Governance: The Study of the Extent of Mandatory Promise in Islam)
Authors: ميسون قوادري  , عارف علي عارف  , حسن بن إبراهيم الهنداوي
Published: July 2019

يشهد العصر الراهن نموا معتبرا في حجم المؤسسات المصرفية الإسلامية؛ ما ترتب عنه زيادة الحاجة للاهتمام بأساليب التنظيم الإدارية والشرعية في هذه المؤسسات؛ لتحقيق أهدافها التي أنشأت من أجلها وتلبية رغبات أفراد المجتمع المسلمين وغير المسلمين ممن يرغبون في التعامل معها؛ لذا يأتي هذا البحث لبيان ماهية الحوكمة الشرعية في المصارف الإسلامية وعلاقتها بنظام هذه المؤسسات والتركيز على مبدأ الوفاء بالوعد وبيان مدى إلزاميته وعلاقته بمبادئ الحوكمة وذلك لإبراز السبق العلمي والدور الأساسي للشريعة الإسلامية في ترسيخ قواعد الحوكمة في جانب من جوانبها وأنها كفيلة باستقرار المعاملات بصفة عامة والمعاملات المالية بصفة خاصة بما تحويه من مبادئ سامية، وسينتهج البحث المنهج التحليلي لتحليل أقوال الفقهاء حول مسألة الوعد الملزم، والمنهج الوصفي لبيان مبادئ الحوكمة، وعلاقتها بمبادئ الشريعة الإسلامية السمحاء.

الكلمات المفتاحيّة: الوعد، حكم الوعد، الحوكمة، مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية، المصارف الإسلامية.

Abstract

The present epoch is witnessing a significant growth in the Islamic banking institutions, which has led to an increase of need of methods of administrative and legal in these institutions in order to achieve the objectives for which they were established and to meet the desire of Muslim and non-Muslim community members who wish to deal with them. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the essence of Islamic governance in Islamic banks and their relationship to the system of these institutions as well as to focus on the principle of fulfilling the promise and to show the extent of its mandatory and its relationship to the principles of governance. Hence, the study highlights the basic role of Islamic law in consolidating the principles of governance. These kind of principles securing the stability of transactions generally and financial transactions particularly, which containing exalted principles. This study used the analytical approach to analyze the statements of jurists on the issues of binding promise, as well as descriptive approach to explain the principles of governance and its relation to the principles of Islamic law.

Keywords: Promise, Governance, The goal of Islamic laws, Islamic banks.
نظام التوثيق وأثره في إدارة الأصول الوقفية في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة: نماذج من إمارة الشارقة (Documentation System and its Impact on Endowment Managements in United Arabic Emirates: The Study of Emirate of Sharjah)
Authors: مها بنت منصور الصائغ
Published: July 2019

شهد تاريخ الأمة الإسلامية حضارة ونهضة عالمية في جميع مجالات الحياة الإنسانية، ومما كان له كبير الأثر في ذلك هو الأوقاف التي بدأت مع سيد البشرية محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم واستمرت بتنوع وشمولية إلى عصرنا الحالي؛ ولكن ما تعرضت إليه الأوقاف من إهمال وإقصاء وضياع يرجع لأسباب عديدة من أهمها غياب التوثيق الوقفي. تقوم الدراسة على تتبع مفهوم الوقف والتوثيق، والوقف في الإمارات العربية المتحدة ول سيما في إمارة الشارقة. توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج منها: أن الأوقاف قائمة منذ زمن بعيد، وأن رغبة الواقف بالوقف وإقدامه عليها لم ينقصها سوى وثيقة، وأنه لا وثائق لها ولا مستندات، كما أن العرض الموجز لنشأة دائرة الأوقاف بالشارقة وسعيها لإحياء سنة الوقف ونشر ثقافته نراه يتضح شيئاً فشيئاً من خلال تفعيل مواد القانون والبحث حول الأنسب والأصح لحماية الأوقاف، ولم يكن هذا الاهتمام بالوقف إلا انعكاساً لتوجه الواقفين وتماشياً لرؤية الحكام وامتثالاً لنهج خير الأنام ورغبة في تكافل الأرواح وحباً للسلام.

الكلمات المفتاحيّة: الوقف، التوثيق، المقارنة، الشارقة.

Abstract

The history of Islamic nation has witnessed a global civilization and it has had a great impact in all areas of human life, including the endowments that began with the master of humankind; Muhammad S.A.W. and it was continuing in diversity and comprehensively until our epoch. However, there are some problems related to endowment management such as negligence, exclusion and loss that due to many reasons. Among the most important reasons is the absence of endowment documentations. Therefore, the study aims to discuss the concept of endowment and documentation, as well as the endowment in United Arabic Emirates, especially in the Emirate of Sharjah. The study concluded that the practice of endowment has been existed for a long time, yet there are in need of endowment documentations. This study also found that the information related to the establishment of institution of endowment in Sharjah and its role has   spread widely to the people through the enforcement of the law and the implementation of the research related to the practice of endowment in order to sustain them in a good way. This documentation system was only a reflection of what has  stated in Shariah laws regarding the practice of endowment among the donors, so that it will be in line with the approach of good intentions and love of peace.

Keywords: Endowment, Documentation, Comparison, Sharjah.
AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETANOLIK DAUN KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) PADA TIKUS DIABETES TIPE 2 YANG DIBERI DIET LEMAK TINGGI DAN SUKROSA
Authors: Shiyan Shaum , Herlina Herlina , Arsela Della , Latifa Elmiawati
Published: July 2019

Daun kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) memiliki potensi sebagai agen antioksidan dan antidiabetes karena kandungan senyawa fenolik yang melimpah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak etanolik daun kopi robusta (EEDK) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah. Hewan uji dibagi menjadi kelompok normal, kontrol negatif (NaCMC 0,5%), kontrol positif (metformin 34,6 mg/200 gBB), dan tiga perlakuan (EEDK dosis 59, 118, dan 236 mg/kgBB). Pemodelan tikus diabetes dengan pemberian sukrosa dan diet lemak tinggi selama 85 hari. Ekstrak diberikan pada hari ke-86 sampai 100, kadar glukosa darah diukur hari 91; 96 dan 101. Penurunan kadar glukosa darah kelompok kontrol positif sebesar 69,26%. Kelompok perlakuan ekstrak berturut-turut 47,05%; 56,93% dan 72,48%. Ekstrak daun kopi robusta memiliki aktivitas sebagai antidiabetes dan tidak terdapat perbedaan dibandingkan metformin (p>0,05). Rata-rata nilai AUC96-101 yang paling rendah dan mempunyai persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah yang paling besar ditunjukan oleh EEDK dosis 236 mg/kgBB. Nilai ED50 EEDK yaitu 126,90 mg/kg BB. Daun kopi robusta memiliki potensi sebagai agen antidiabetes.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI AMILUM UBI JALAR PUTIH (Ipomoea batatas L) SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGIKAT SECARA GRANULASI BASAH TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK GRANUL DAN TABLET SERTA PROFIL DISOLUSI TABLET PARACETAMOL
Authors: Sulistyaningrum Indriyati Hadi , Santoso Arifin , Rosyd Abdur , Rosita Anis
Published: July 2019

Hampir 90% bahan baku obat, baik zat aktif maupun bahan tambahan (eksipien) di Indonesia didapatkan melalui impor dari luar negeri, padahal sumber daya Indonesia dapat dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan bahan pengikat amilum ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatasL) dalam berbagai konsentrasi terhadap sifat fisik granul, tablet dan profil disolusi tablet paracetamol.

Pada penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian eksperimental dengan design posttest only control group yaitu menggunakan lima formula amilum ubi jalar putih dan tablet paracetamol merk dagang sebagai kontrol positif. Formula yang digunakan yaitu konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%. Kemudian dilakukan uji granulasi, keseragaman bobot, kekerasan, kerapuhan, disintegrasi dan disolusi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tablet paracetamol dengan bahan pengikat amilum ubi jalar putih yang dibuat memenuhi persyaratan fisik sesuai standar Farmakope Indonesia. Tablet paracetamol yang dihasilkan berwarna putih, memenuhi persyaratan ketika dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik meliputiuji granulasi, keseragaman bobot, kerapuhan, namun pada uji kekerasan didapatkan formula yang memenuhi persyaratan farmakope yaitu pada formula 1 (5%), uji waktu hancur dan disolusi formulasi yang memenuhi syarat adalah formula 1,2,3 (5%,10% dan 15%). Berdasarkan   uji analasis Anova dan Kruskal wallis didapatkan terjadinya perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok perlakuan pada uji pengetapan granul, keseragaman bobot, kekerasan, kerapuhan, disintegrasi dan disolusi (p<0,05), kemudian dilanjutkan uji Mann-Whitney dan tidak terjadi perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok pada uji waktu alir dan sudut diam (p>0,05).

Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi amilum ubi jalar putih (Ipomoea batatasL) terhadap sifat fisik granul, tablet dan profil disolusi tablet paracetamol dengan konsentrasi 5% sampai 10%.
ANTIDIABETES MELITUS EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG DAN DAUN UBI JALAR KUNING (Ipomoea batatas Linn.) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA TIKUS JANTAN
Authors: Haryoto Haryoto , Nur’aini Ahwanti Rukdiatma
Published: July 2019

Diabetes melitus adalah kelainan metabolik yang ditandai dengan keadaan hiperglikemia. Ubijalar merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi dalam pengobatan diabetes melitus. Tujuan penelitianyang dilakukan mengukur efek ekstrak etanol daun dan batang ubi jalar kuning (Ipomoea batatasLinn.) dalam penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus jantan yang diinduksi aloksan 150 mg/kgBB. Penelitian menggunakan tikus jantan sebanyak 15 ekor dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan,kelompok kontrol negatif diberi akuadest, kelompok kontrol positif diberi metformin 45 mg/kgBB,dan 3 kelompok perlakuan diberi ekstrak dengan dosis 200, 300, dan 400 mg/kgBB. Perlakuandiberikan selama 12 hari. Aloksan 150 mg/kgBB digunakan agar tikus diabetes dengan kadar glukosadarah ≥ 200 mg/dL. Hasil penurunan kadar glukosa darah berturut-turut pada dosis 200, 300, dan400 mg/kgBB adalah 131,33 mg/dL, 125,33 mg/dL, dan 124,00 mg/dL. Persen penurunan kadarglukosa darah yang efektif dibanding kontrol negatif ditunjukkan dosis 300 mg/kgBB yaitu sebesar66,58%. Hasil uji statistik wilcoxon pada kadar glukosa darah hari ke-3 dibandingkan hari ke-12diperoleh nilai p <0,05 menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah.
SILAT (Cassia alata) Handwash sebagai Pembasmi Bakteri Staphilococcus Aureus
Authors: Sikumbang Isabella Bella
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji aktivitas ekstrak daun ketepeng cina (Cassia alata) yang dibuat sediaan sabun cair sebagai pembasmi bakteri. Sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran secara langsung mengenai pemanfaatan daun ketepeng cina (Cassia alata) dalam pengobatan dan sebagai pengayaan wawasan karena selama ini daun ketepeng cina hanya digunakan sebagai tanaman hias. Cassia alata kaya akan kandungan flavonoid yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian ekperimental yaitu suatu cara untuk mencari hubungan sebab akibat (hubungan kausal) antara dua faktor yang sengaja ditimbulkan oleh peneliti dengan mengeliminasi atau mengurangi faktor pengganggu. Tahap-tahap yang telah dilakukan meliputi identifikasi dan determinasi tanaman daun ketepeng cina yang telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Selanjutnya dilakukan ekstraksi dari serbuk simplisia daun ketepeng cina dengan menggunakan etanol 96% secara maserasi yang kemudian dilakukan penguapan diatas waterbath untuk mendapatkan ekstak kental. Kemudian membuat sediaan sabun cair ketepeng cina dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 40%. Selanjutnya membuat suspensi bakteri dengan dieramkan selama 24 jam pada suhu 37 . Lalu melakukan pengujian dengan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, dengan kontrol positif sabun cair Dettol dan kontrol negatif basis sabun cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata zona hambat tiap perlakuan yaitu untuk kontol positif 3.5cm, kontrol negatif 0 cm, sabun cair 10% 2 cm, sabun cair 20% 2.5 cm, dan sabun cair 40% 3 cm.
What is in a cup of joe? From green beans to spent grounds: a mini-review on coffee composition and health benefits
Authors: Celli Giovana B , Camargo Adriano Costa de
Published: July 2019

Coffee is one of the most popular beverages consumed worldwide and is amongst the main dietary sources of bioactive compounds. Recent studies have described a positive association between caffeine ingestion and health, including improvement of exercise performance and enhancement of long-term memories in humans. However, from roasting to extraction, the processing of the coffee beans has a significant impact on the profile of bioactive compounds. For instance, roasting results on the reduction of 5-caffeoylquinic acid and trigonelline, while increases the concentration of melanoidins. Another important component is its lipid fraction (known as coffee oil), which can migrate to the surface of the beans and undergo changes in its composition during roasting. This mini-review presents an overview of the composition of coffee, including changes that occur during processing— from green beans to spent grounds, and recent research on its health benefits, with special focus on their antioxidant properties.
Bioaccessibility and antioxidant activities of finger millet food phenolics
Authors: Kumari Disna , Chandrasekara Anoma , Shahidi Fereidoon
Published: July 2019

Finger millet flour was used to prepare five different foods using steaming, pressure cooking, dry roasting and open boiling as representative preparation methods. The soluble and bound phenolics of freeze dried foods were extracted. The gastric and intestinal bioaccessibility and potential absorption of phenolic compounds of foods were determined accommodating a simulated in vitro digestion model. The phenolic extracts of foods and supernatants collected at different stages of in vitro digestion were examined for their phenolic contents and antioxidant activities. The content of ferulic acid, of phenolic extracts of foods were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The open pan boiling retained higher content of phenolics and showed higher antioxidant activities compared to other food preparations. The release of phenolic compounds increased stepwise from gastric to intestinal phase for all foods and the bioaccessibility and potential absorption of phenolic compounds depended on the food preparation methods.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE DESIGN OF THE DENTURE WITH CLASPLESS FIXATION AT THE MESIO-DISTAL INCLINATION OF THE TEETH.
Authors: Tkachenko I.M. , German S.A. , Berezhna E.O. , Andrienko K.U. , Izotova A.O.
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study was to improve the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment for patients with dentition defects by method of making a removable denture with claspless fixation, taking into account the mathematical modelling of the teeth and undercut inclination.

The technique of making claspless partial dentures by using A-silicone material is based on the idea of using the elastic forces generated in the wedge-shaped body of elastic material under the influence of an external force, which resets the prosthesis. Based on the considerations, it was developed a scheme of  the claspless denture model and the mathematical modeling of partial removable laminar dentures fixation with elastic material, resulting in the special formula.

After analyzing the results, we suggest to use in the clinic simplified table. With their help, you can easily determine the rationality of claspless denture, which is planned to produce on the technology that we offer. For this, you need to determine the ratio of the magnitude undercut and height of the inclined teeth and to compare them with the data tables.

The most efficient should be considered claspless design of the prosthesis, if both of the inclined abutments have a ratio of the magnitude of undercut and height not less than the value of the ratio when the value F/2=0.3 kg U= 1 mm. In this case, it can be argued that claspless prosthesis under the influence of dropping efforts 0,3 kg will move in the vertical direction not more than 0.5 mm, and under the influence dropping efforts to 0.6 kg not more than 1 mm. But, if one or both of the sloping supporting the tooth have the ratio of the magnitude undercut and a height of about one (an angle of about 45°), then there will be difficulties with the insertion of claspless denture on the prosthetic bed.

Thus, the fixation and stabilization of the claspless denture will be carried out using wedge-shaped body of elastic material, the amount of which is calculated individually depending on the above parameters and fills the area between the denture and supporting teeth of the patient.

The optimal ratio of undercut and height of the inclined teeth is discussed. When the mesio-distal tilt angle is more than 45°, there are difficulties with the insertion of the prosthesis, and when tilted less than 15° it can have problems with fixing.

Allowed the thickness of the silicone compound is from 0.1 to 2.4 mm When the thickness of the layer of material above 3.0 mm are possible complications in the form of breaking on period of exploitation.