bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observation and theoretical calculations of voltage-induced large magnetocapacitance beyond 330% in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Ogata Kentaro , Nakayama Yusuke , Xiao Gang , Kaiju Hideo
Published: July 2021

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) in the field of spintronics have received enormous attention owing to their fascinating spin phenomena for fundamental physics and potential applications. MTJs exhibit a large tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) at room temperature. However, TMR depends strongly on the bias voltage, which reduces the magnitude of TMR. On the other hand, tunnel magnetocapacitance (TMC), which has also been observed in MTJs, can be increased when subjecting to a biasing voltage, thus exhibiting one of the most interesting spin phenomena. Here we report a large voltage-induced TMC beyond 330% in MgO-based MTJs, which is the largest value ever reported for MTJs. The voltage dependence and frequency characteristics of TMC can be explained by the newly proposed Debye-Fröhlich model using Zhang-sigmoid theory, parabolic barrier approximation, and spin-dependent drift diffusion model. Moreover, we predict that the voltage-induced TMC ratio could reach over 3000% in MTJs. It is a reality now that MTJs can be used as capacitors that are small in size, broadly ranged in frequencies and controllable by a voltage. Our theoretical and experimental findings provide a deeper understanding on the exact mechanism of voltage-induced AC spin transports in spintronic devices. Our research may open new avenues to the development of spintronics applications, such as highly sensitive magnetic sensors, high performance non-volatile memories, multi-functional spin logic devices, voltage controlled electronic components, and energy storage devices.
Individual differences in human frequency-following response predict pitch labeling ability
Authors: Reis Katherine S. , Heald Shannon L. M. , Veillette John P. , Van Hedger Stephen C. , Nusbaum Howard C.
Published: July 2021

The frequency-following response (FFR) provides a measure of phase-locked auditory encoding in humans and has been used to study subcortical processing in the auditory system. While effects of experience on the FFR have been reported, few studies have examined whether individual differences in early sensory encoding have measurable effects on human performance. Absolute pitch (AP), the rare ability to label musical notes without reference notes, provides an excellent model system for testing how early neural encoding supports specialized auditory skills. Results show that the FFR predicts pitch labelling performance better than traditional measures related to AP (age of music onset, tonal language experience, pitch adjustment and just-noticeable-difference scores). Moreover, the stimulus type used to elicit the FFR (tones or speech) impacts predictive performance in a manner that is consistent with prior research. Additionally, the FFR predicts labelling performance for piano tones better than unfamiliar sine tones. Taken together, the FFR reliably distinguishes individuals based on their explicit pitch labeling abilities, which highlights the complex dynamics between sensory processing and cognition.
Integrative biology defines novel biomarkers of resistance to strongylid infection in horses
Authors: Sallé Guillaume , Canlet Cécile , Cortet Jacques , Koch Christine , Malsa Joshua , Reigner Fabrice , Riou Mickaël , Perrot Noémie , Blanchard Alexandra , Mach Núria
Published: July 2021

The widespread failure of anthelmintic drugs against nematodes of veterinary interest requires novel control strategies. Selective treatment of the most susceptible individuals could reduce drug selection pressure but requires appropriate biomarkers of the intrinsic susceptibility potential. To date, this has been missing in livestock species. Here, we selected Welsh ponies with divergent intrinsic susceptibility (measured by their egg excretion levels) to cyathostomin infection and found that their divergence was sustained across a 10-year time window. Using this unique set of individuals, we monitored variations in their blood cell populations, plasma metabolites and faecal microbiota over a grazing season to isolate core differences between their respective responses under worm-free or natural infection conditions. Our analyses identified the concomitant rise in plasma phenylalanine level and faecal Prevotella abundance and the reduction in circulating monocyte counts as biomarkers of the need for drug treatment (egg excretion above 200 eggs/g). This biological signal was replicated in other independent populations. We also unravelled an immunometabolic network encompassing plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate level, short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria and circulating neutrophils that forms the discriminant baseline between susceptible and resistant individuals. Altogether our observations open new perspectives on the susceptibility of equids to strongylid infection and leave scope for both new biomarkers of infection and nutritional intervention.
Clinical usefulness of 16S ribosomal RNA real-time PCR for the diagnosis of scrub typhus
Authors: Yun Na Ra , Kim Choon-Mee , Kim Da Young , Seo Jun-Won , Kim Dong-Min
Published: July 2021

Scrub typhus is a major acute febrile disease in the Asia–Pacific region. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the clinical usefulness of real-time PCR (Q-PCR) of 16S rRNA for the diagnosis of scrub typhus. We examined blood specimens from 148 adult patients who were confirmed to have scrub typhus from September 2008 to December 2009. Among the 148 scrub typhus patients, 36 patients were treated with antibiotics before admission. To evaluate the clinical usefulness of 16S rRNA Q-PCR, we compared its diagnostic accuracy to the accuracy of the following methods: nested PCR (N-PCR) targeting the gene encoding the 56-kDa protein, Q-PCR targeting the gene encoding the 47-kDa protein, and conventional PCR (C-PCR), targeting the 16S rRNA gene. According to 16S rRNA Q-PCR and 47-kDa Q-PCR, the mild group had copy numbers of 234.4 ± 261.9 and 130.5 ± 128.3, whereas the severe group had copy numbers of 584.4 ± 911.4 and 244.7 ± 210.9, respectively. In both tests, the mean copy numbers were significantly greater in the severe group (P = 0.037 and P = 0.035). 16S rRNA Q-PCR detected Orientia tsutsugamushi infections with a sensitivity of 91.9% (95% CI 86.3–95.7), and 56-kDa N-PCR, 47-kDa Q-PCR, and 16S rRNA C-PCR exhibited lower sensitivities of 81.1% (95% CI 73.8–87.0), 74.3% (95% CI 66.5–81.1), and 87.8% (95% CI 81.5–92.6), respectively, for all 148 patients. In addition, 16S rRNA Q-PCR exhibited a sensitivity of 99.1% (95% CI 95.1–100.0) in the 112 patients who were not treated with antibiotics before admission. 16S rRNA Q-PCR is clinically useful for the rapid diagnosis of scrub typhus and is more accurate than the 56-kDa N-PCR, 47-kDa Q-PCR, and 16S C-PCR methods.
Canine D163-PrP polymorphic variant does not provide complete protection against prion infection in small ruminant PrP context
Authors: Marín-Moreno Alba , Espinosa Juan Carlos , Aguilar-Calvo Patricia , Fernández-Borges Natalia , Pitarch José Luis , González Lorenzo , Torres Juan María
Published: July 2021

E/D163 polymorphism of dog prion protein (PrP) has been recently proposed as the variant responsible for canid prion resistance. To further investigate the protective role of this variant against prion replication, the transgenic mouse model OvPrP-Tg532 expressing sheep/goat PrP carrying the substitution D162 (equivalent to D163 position of dog PrP) was generated and intracranially inoculated with a broad collection of small ruminant prion strains. OvPrP-Tg532 mice showed resistance to classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) from sheep and some classical scrapie isolates from sheep and goat but were susceptible to ovine atypical L-BSE and numerous classical scrapie isolates. Strikingly, some of these classical scrapie isolates showed a shift in their prion strain properties. These results suggest that other PrP residues apart from E/D163 variant of dog PrP or factors distinct than PrP may participate in prion resistance of canids and that different factors may be required for D162 sheep PrP to provide effective protection to sheep against ruminant prions.
Ocular surface disorders associated with the use of dupilumab based on WHO VigiBase
Authors: Park Sunny , Lee Jung Hyun , Park Ji Hyun , Park So Hyang , Park Song Yi , Jung Yong Woo , Choi Soo An
Published: July 2021

Dupilumab is a dual inhibitor of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 and is mainly used to treat moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Post-marketing safety data related to dupilumab have been accumulated, and it has been found that ocular surface diseases are closely associated with dupilumab treatment. The aim of this study was to detect dupilumab-related signals and to determine the safety characteristics of dupilumab with respect to eye disorders using real-world big data. Data on dupilumab use until December 29, 2019 were collected. The data were mined by calculating three indices: proportional reporting ratios, reporting odds ratios, and information components. The detected signals were classified using the primary system organ class in MedDRA terminology. Among 21,161,249 reports for all drugs, 20,548 reports were recorded for dupilumab. A total of 246 signals in the preferred terms were detected for dupilumab. Among the 246 positive signals obtained, 61 signals were related to eye disorders, which accounted for the largest percentage (24.8%), and 38 signals were anatomically related to the ocular surface. Dupilumab may cause extensive eye disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms and risk factors remain unclear. Our findings may facilitate broad safety screening of dupilumab-related eye disorders using real-world big data.
Effect of gold nanoparticles on the structure and neuroprotective function of protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT)
Authors: Chatterjee Tanaya , Das Gaurav , Ghosh Surajit , Chakrabarti Pinak
Published: July 2021

Fibrillation of peptides and proteins is implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases and is a global concern. Aging leads to the formation of abnormal isoaspartate (isoAsp) residues from isomerization of normal aspartates in proteins, triggering fibril formation that leads to neurodegenerative diseases. Protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) is a repair enzyme which recognizes and converts altered isoAsp residues back to normal aspartate. Here we report the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different sizes on the structure and function of PIMT. Spherical AuNPs, viz. AuNS5, AuNS50 and AuNS100 (the number indicating the diameter in nm) stabilize PIMT, with AuNS100 exhibiting the best efficacy, as evident from various biophysical experiments. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) revealed endothermic, but entropy driven mode of binding of PIMT with all the three AuNSs. Methyltransferase activity assay showed enhanced activity of PIMT in presence of all AuNSs, the maximum being with AuNS100. The efficacy of PIMT in presence of AuNS100 was further demonstrated by the reduction of fibrillation of Aβ42, the peptide that is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. The enhancement of anti-fibrillation activity of PIMT with AuNS100 was confirmed from cell survival assay with PC12 derived neuronal cells against Aβ42 induced neurotoxicity.
Symmetrized persistency of Bell correlations for Dicke states and GHZ-based mixtures
Authors: Wieśniak Marcin
Published: July 2021

Quantum correlations, in particular those, which enable to violate a Bell inequality, open a way to advantage in certain communication tasks. However, the main difficulty in harnessing quantumness is its fragility to, e.g, noise or loss of particles. We study the persistency of Bell correlations of GHZ based mixtures and Dicke states. For the former, we consider quantum communication complexity reduction (QCCR) scheme, and propose new Bell inequalities (BIs), which can be used in that scheme for higher persistency in the limit of large number of particles N. In case of Dicke states, we show that persistency can reach 0.482N, significantly more than reported in previous studies.
Deep learning for COVID-19 detection based on CT images
Authors: Zhao Wentao , Jiang Wei , Qiu Xinguo
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 has tremendously impacted patients and medical systems globally. Computed tomography images can effectively complement the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing. This study adopted a convolutional neural network for COVID-19 testing. We examined the performance of different pre-trained models on CT testing and identified that larger, out-of-field datasets boost the testing power of the models. This suggests that a priori knowledge of the models from out-of-field training is also applicable to CT images. The proposed transfer learning approach proves to be more successful than the current approaches described in literature. We believe that our approach has achieved the state-of-the-art performance in identification thus far. Based on experiments with randomly sampled training datasets, the results reveal a satisfactory performance by our model. We investigated the relevant visual characteristics of the CT images used by the model; these may assist clinical doctors in manual screening.
Application across species of a one health approach to liquid sample handling for respiratory based -omics analysis
Authors: Karagianni Anna E. , Eaton Samantha L. , Kurian Dominic , Cillán-Garcia Eugenio , Twynam-Perkins Jonathan , Raper Anna , Wishart Thomas M. , Pirie R. Scott
Published: July 2021

Airway inflammation is highly prevalent in horses, with the majority of non-infectious cases being defined as equine asthma. Currently, cytological analysis of airway derived samples is the principal method of assessing lower airway inflammation. Samples can be obtained by tracheal wash (TW) or by lavage of the lower respiratory tract (bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid; BALF). Although BALF cytology carries significant diagnostic advantages over TW cytology for the diagnosis of equine asthma, sample acquisition is invasive, making it prohibitive for routine and sequential screening of airway health. However, recent technological advances in sample collection and processing have made it possible to determine whether a wider range of analyses might be applied to TW samples. Considering that TW samples are relatively simple to collect, minimally invasive and readily available in the horse, it was considered appropriate to investigate whether, equine tracheal secretions represent a rich source of cells and both transcriptomic and proteomic data. Similar approaches have already been applied to a comparable sample set in humans; namely, induced sputum. Sputum represents a readily available source of airway biofluids enriched in proteins, changes in the expression of which may reveal novel mechanisms in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to establish a robust protocol to isolate macrophages, protein and RNA for molecular characterization of TW samples and demonstrate the applicability of sample handling to rodent and human pediatric bronchoalveolar lavage fluid isolates. TW samples provided a good quality and yield of both RNA and protein for downstream transcriptomic/proteomic analyses. The sample handling methodologies were successfully applicable to BALF for rodent and human research. TW samples represent a rich source of airway cells, and molecular analysis to facilitate and study airway inflammation, based on both transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. This study provides a necessary methodological platform for future transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies on equine lower respiratory tract secretions and BALF samples from humans and mice.
Prediction of 8-year risk of cardiovascular diseases in Korean adult population
Authors: Choi Sung Hyouk , Lee Seung Min , Kim Su Hwan , Park Minseon , Yoon Hyung-Jin
Published: July 2021

Although many prediction models for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been developed and validated for Western populations, the development of CVD prediction models for Asians has been slow. Our cohort study retrospectively analyzed the incidence of CVD that occurred between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2016, in all Koreans who underwent national health screening. This dataset included 21,581,796 adults between the ages of 40 and 79 years (10,412,947 men, 11,168,849 women) without CVD at baseline. The primary outcome, CVD, was defined as the development of any of the following: acute coronary syndrome, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage, as defined with health insurance claims data. The prediction model was constructed by Cox proportional hazard regression and validated with tenfold cross-validation. The performance of the models was evaluated through Harrell’s C-index and Brier score. The discrimination of the models was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Our model showed an AUROC of 0.762 in men and 0.811 in women. The Brier score of our model was 0.018 in men and 0.010 in women, which was better than the pooled cohort equation (PCE). Our novel model performed better than the FRS and PCE for Koreans.
Fabrication of the macro and micro-scale microbial fuel cells to monitor oxalate biodegradation in human urine
Authors: Yousefi Reyhaneh , Mardanpour Mohammad Mahdi , Yaghmaei Soheila
Published: July 2021

This study presented the fabrication of macro and micro-scale microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to generate bioelectricity from oxalate solution and monitor the biodegradation in a micro-scale MFC for the first time. The maximum generated power density of 44.16 W m−3 in the micro-scale MFC elucidated its application as a micro-sized power generator for implantable medical devices (IMDs). It is also worthwhile noting that for the macro-scale MFC, the significant amounts of open circuit voltage, oxalate removal, and coulombic efficiency were about 935 mV, 99%, and 44.2%, respectively. These values compared to previously published studies indicate successful oxalate biodegradation in the macro-scale MFC. Regarding critical challenges to determine the substrate concentration in microfluidic outlets, sample collection in a suitable time and online data reporting, an analogy was made between macro and micro-scale MFCs to elicit correlations defining the output current density as the inlet and the outlet oxalate concentration. Another use of the system as an IMD is to be a platform to identify urolithiasis and hyperoxaluria diseases. As a versatile device for power generation and oxalate biodegradation monitoring, the use of facile and cheap materials (< $1.5 per device) and utilization of human excreta are exceptional features of the manufactured micro-scale MFC.
Multiomic analysis of Schistosoma mansoni reveals unique expression profiles in cercarial heads and tails
Authors: Hagerty James R. , Kim Hyung Chul , Jolly Emmitt R.
Published: July 2021

Schistosomes require both molluscan and mammalian hosts for development. The larval cercaria exits the snail host and swims to identify and invade the mammalian host. The cercaria has two macrostructures, the head and the tail. The head invades the host, where it matures into an adult worm. The tail is lost after host invasion. Translation in the cercaria differs in each macrostructure, with higher levels of translation in the cercarial tail and little to no translational activity in the cercarial head. We compared the transcriptome and proteome of the cercarial head and tail and observed stark differences between the two macrostructures. We identified unique and differentially expressed transcripts and proteins, including ribosomal components expressed in higher levels in tails than in heads, which may explain the differences in translation levels between heads and tails. We also characterized the weak correlation between transcription and translation in infectious cercarial heads and tails.
Leukocytospermia induces intraepithelial recruitment of dendritic cells and increases SIV replication in colorectal tissue explants
Authors: Cavarelli Mariangela , Hua Stéphane , Hantour Naima , Tricot Sabine , Tchitchek Nicolas , Gommet Céline , Hocini Hakim , Chapon Catherine , Dereuddre-Bosquet Nathalie , Le Grand Roger
Published: July 2021

Mucosal exposure to infected semen accounts for the majority of HIV-1 transmission events, with rectal intercourse being the route with the highest estimated risk of transmission. Yet, the impact of semen inflammation on colorectal HIV-1 transmission has never been addressed. Here we use cynomolgus macaques colorectal tissue explants to explore the effect of leukocytospermia, indicative of male genital tract inflammation, on SIVmac251 infection. We show that leukocytospermic seminal plasma (LSP) has significantly higher concentration of a number of pro-inflammatory molecules compared to normal seminal plasma (NSP). In virus-exposed explants, LSP enhance SIV infection more efficiently than NSP, being the increased viral replication linked to the level of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines. Moreover, LSP induce leukocyte accumulation on the apical side of the colorectal lamina propria and the recruitment of a higher number of intraepithelial dendritic cells than with NSP. These results suggest that the outcome of mucosal HIV-1 infection is influenced by the inflammatory state of the semen donor, and provide further insights into mucosal SIV/HIV-1 pathogenesis.
On the molecular basis of H2O/DMSO eutectic mixtures by using phenol compounds as molecular sensors: a combined NMR and DFT study
Authors: Fatima Sana , Varras Panayiotis C. , Atia-tul-Wahab  , Choudhary M. Iqbal , Siskos Michael G. , Gerothanassis Ioannis P.
Published: July 2021

1H NMR and DFT studies of phenol containing natural products can be used to investigate solute–solvent interactions at the atomic level in eutectic mixtures.
A fluorescence color card for point-of-care testing (POCT) and its application in simultaneous detection
Authors: Lu Fan , Yang Sisi , Ning Yu , Wang Fubing , Ji Xinghu , He Zhike
Published: July 2021

A novel strategy for the POCT of glucose and the simultaneous detection of multiple targets using different fluorescence color cards is developed.
Antibody-powered DNA switches to initiate the hybridization chain reaction for the amplified fluorescence immunoassay
Authors: He Jia-Yang , Chen Ze-Hui , Deng Hui-Lin , Yuan Ruo , Xu Wen-Ju
Published: July 2021

Targeted bivalent anti-Dig antibody as an input to power a directional switch of the DNA structure through a specific binding event with two tethered haptens, rationally integrating with the hybridization chain reaction for signal amplification.
Simultaneous synthesis and characterization of in/out-isomers of disilabicyclo[14.14.14]alkanes
Authors: Ikeda Yuto , Inagaki Yusuke , Setaka Wataru
Published: July 2021

Facile and simultaneous synthesis of diphenyldisilabicyclo[14.14.14]alkanein/out-isomers was achieved by using organosilicon chemistry. Only two diastereomers were isolated due to homeotropic isomerizations.
Cocrystallization of axitinib with carboxylic acids: preparation, crystal structures and dissolution behavior
Authors: Ren Bo-Ying , Dai Xia-Lin , Wang Jie , Wu Chao , Lu Tong-Bu , Chen Jia-Mei
Published: July 2021

Three cocrystals of axitinib were prepared, and they demonstrated a significantly improved apparent solubility and dissolution rate without compromising physical stability.
o-Semiquinone radical anion isolated as an amorphous porous solid
Authors: Witwicki Maciej , Lewińska Agnieszka , Ozarowski Andrew
Published: July 2021

In this study, experimental and theoretical methods are used to show that an unstable semiquinone radical can become a porous material.
Environment-friendly Cu-based thin film solar cells: materials, devices and charge carrier dynamics
Authors: Xing Chengcheng , Lei Yan , Liu Manying , Wu Sixin , He Weiwei , Zheng Zhi
Published: July 2021

The materials, devices and charge carrier dynamics of Cu-based thin-film solar cells are comprehensively reviewed to promote the understanding of photovoltaic design.
Multiphoton light emission in barium stannate perovskites driven by oxygen vacancies, Eu3+ and La3+: accessing the role of defects and local structures
Authors: Gupta Santosh K. , Modak B. , Das Debarati , Modak P. , Yadav A. K. , Sudarshan K.
Published: July 2021

The work probes the multicolor emission in BaSnO3 perovskite, singular orange emission in BaSnO3:Eu3+ and quantum yield suppression in BaSnO3:Eu3+, La3+ using XRD, photoluminescence, positron annihilation measurements and DFT calculations.
Advances in chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbene boryl radicals
Authors: Taniguchi Tsuyoshi
Published: July 2021

This review focuses on synthesis and reactions of boryl radicals ligated by N-heterocyclic carbenes.
Modeling the effect of reduced traffic due to COVID-19 measures on air quality using a chemical transport model: impacts on the Po Valley and the Swiss Plateau regions
Authors: Ciarelli Giancarlo , Jiang Jianhui , El Haddad Imad , Bigi Alessandro , Aksoyoglu Sebnem , Prévôt André S. H. , Marinoni Angela , Shen Jiali , Yan Chao , Bianchi Federico
Published: July 2021

Our results indicate that lockdown measures induced a mild increase in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) concentrations in areas with substantial reductions in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations, i.e. the “Greater Milan” area.
Biomarker barcodes: multiplexed microfluidic immunohistochemistry enables high-throughput analysis of tissue microarray
Authors: Cho Chang Hyun , Cho Minkyung , Park Je-Kyun
Published: July 2021

The biomarker barcode concept has been demonstrated by performing multiplexed microfluidic immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray samples.
Tetramethylpyrazine: an electrolyte additive for high capacity and energy efficiency lithium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Song Mengyuan , Chen Chunguang , Huang Tao , Yu Aishui
Published: July 2021

TMP has a strong interaction with Li+, which promotes the solution mechanism of Li2O2, thereby increasing the discharge capacity.
Quantification of branching within high molecular weight polymers with polyester backbones formed by transfer-dominated branching radical telomerisation (TBRT)
Authors: Cassin Savannah R. , Flynn Sean , Chambon Pierre , Rannard Steve P.
Published: July 2021

The characterisation and quantification of branching is key to understanding new complex macromolecules. Here we establish approaches to evaluate the unique and novel architectures formed by Transfer-dominated Branching Radical Telomerisation (TBRT).
Cost-effective and sensitive anthocyanin-based paper sensors for rapid ammonia detection in aqueous solutions
Authors: Haq Shamshad Ul , Aghajamali Maryam , Hassanzadeh Hassan
Published: July 2021

In this work, we studied the effect of different factors such as anthocyanin source, extraction technique, and extracting solvent on the sensitivity and optical visibility of anthocyanin-based paper sensors.
A novel self-catalytic cooperative multiple dynamic moiety: towards rigid and tough but more healable polymer networks
Authors: Yang Maoyu , Lu Xili , Wang Zhanhua , Fei Guoxia , Xia Hesheng
Published: July 2021

A rigid and tough but more healable polymer network has been rationally designed and synthesized based on cooperative multiple dynamic moieties (CMDMs) containing metal–ligand coordinations, multiple hydrogen bonding and reversible urea bonds.
Combinatorial screening of the crystal structure in Ba–Sr–Mn–Ce perovskite oxides with ABO3stoichiometry
Authors: Heo Su Jeong , Zakutayev Andriy
Published: July 2021

High throughput experimental screening using combinatorial pulsed laser deposition identifies BaCexMn1−xO3–Sr1−xCexMnO3pseudo-binary oxide alloys with tetragonal perovskite structure and broad composition–temperature range of stability.
A crystalline covalent organic framework embedded with a crystalline supramolecular organic framework for efficient iodine capture
Authors: Zhu Yao , Qi Yue , Guo Xinghua , Zhang Meicheng , Jia Zhimin , Xia Chuanqin , Liu Ning , Bai Chiyao , Ma Lijian , Wang Qin
Published: July 2021

A bicrystalline composite based on a triazine covalent organic framework (COF) and a bisbenzimidazole supramolecular organic framework (SOF) was prepared for the first time and used for adsorption of gaseous iodine.
Single-atom catalysts of TM–porphyrin for alkali oxygen batteries: reaction mechanism and universal design principle
Authors: Wu Qian , Shen Shiying , Peng Rui , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying , Ma Yandong
Published: July 2021

A picture (activity trend, reaction mechanism and design principle) of single-atom catalysts for nonaqueous alkali oxygen batteries is for the first time built up.
A new strategy for constructing covalently connected MOF@COF core–shell heterostructures for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhang Hong-Yu , Yang Yan , Li Chang-Cheng , Tang Hong-Liang , Zhang Feng-Ming , Zhang Gui-Ling , Yan Hong
Published: July 2021

A new strategy of building covalently MOF–COF core–shell heterostructure with MOFs without –NH2 group for improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation.
Layered CuI: a path to 2D p-type transparent conducting materials
Authors: Seifert Michael , Kawashima Moemi , Rödl Claudia , Botti Silvana
Published: July 2021

Layered CuI combines small hole effective masses and a large band gap with the possibility of obtaining 2D monolayers by exfoliation.
Communicating With Patients and Families During COVID-19
Authors: Hasselkus Amy , Moxley Andrea “Deedee”
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for clear communication between health care providers and patients and families in many ways. Issues such as mask use and social distancing impact everyone's communication and may have a particularly devastating effect on those with communication disorders. In addition, communicating about the virus and necessary precautions has challenged health care providers and patients alike. The pandemic has spotlighted the need for not only health literacy but also digital and scientific literacy, and has amplified the impact of health disparities on health care interactions and outcomes. This clinical focus article reviews these issues, describes what is known about the skills of adults in the United States, and provides resources for communities, organizations, providers, and patients.

Conclusion

Speech-language pathologists and audiologists working with older adults need to consider how the issues described affect patients and families, and work on their own communication skills to help bridge gaps that may have widened during these turbulent times.
The problem of winter crossing the Lena River in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Nektegyaev Grigory , Kardashevskaya Elena
Published: July 2021

The study of the organization of the crossing of the Lena River during the winter period revealed a number of problems: the presence of unauthorized places for the organization of traffic spontaneously organized by the population, low freezing temperatures, breach of regulations for the carrying capacity of vehicles, overrunning, the use of winter roads after their closure. In providing crossing it is advisable to recommend conducting briefings with drivers and pedestrians on the rules for the safe operation of winter roads in order to eliminate the identified deficiencies and security upgrade. Drivers are required to prepare vehicles in advance, have warm clothes, spare batteries for mobile devices, and first aid kit. This is necessary to hold out until help arrives in the case of an emergency.
Elimination of the effect of progressive collapse as a factor in increasing the environmental friendliness of district buildings
Authors: Taroev Ruslan , Makovckin Alexandr , Shcheglov Denis , Rogulin Radion , Abbakumov Valery
Published: July 2021

The work is devoted to the principle of designing residential quarters with the exclusion of building collapse according to the “domino” principle, ie. without the development of progressive collapse in the event of an accident. This principle increases the efficiency of the “green” development of the construction industry. The work provides real examples when the mistake of the architect of the improvement of the district cost the integrity of a large quarter, presents pictures of man-made disasters associated with the collapse of entire microdistricts. The text of the article is a study of methods and tools for designing buildings and structures, which, being combined into one quarter, will be able to maintain structural integrity in the event of a collapse of one of the components of such a residential building. The principles of calculating a reinforced concrete monolith that prevent progressive collapse are highlighted. Also, the text of the article contains the author’s nomogram, obtained empirically and confirmed by experiments.
The threat of saline lands, for example, in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Dustnazarova Sanobar , Khasanov Azizbek , Khafizova Zulfiya , Davronov Kakhromonjon
Published: July 2021

Salinization of land poses a serious threat and harms all industries, including the environment, agriculture, economy, and so on. In this regard, this topic is very relevant today. The object of the research is the agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The aim of the study is the impact of saline soils on agriculture in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The current state of reclamation systems, the processes of soil salinization and the quality of irrigation water, as well as the features of the manifestation of secondary salinization on irrigated lands are analyzed. Analysis, observation, grouping and many other methods were chosen as research methods. In the conclusions, proposals were made to reduce the amount of saline soils. Greater efficiency of reclamation measures can be ensured by the complex consideration of natural factors in the design and the complex impact on them during the operation of reclaimed lands.
Analysing effect of cement manufacturing industry on soils and agricultural plants
Authors: Kholdorov Shovkat , Jabbarov Zafarjon , Aslanov Ilhomjon , Jobborov Bakhrom , Rakhmatov Zoyr
Published: July 2021

Today, the study of the effects of dust and gaseous pollutants in the soil as a result of the cement industry, the justification of changes in their properties, the creation of appropriate reclamation technologies is an urgent issue. In the study area, the main source of soil contamination under the influence of the cement industry is dust. The dust mainly spread around the cement plant to a radius of 5,000 meters, causing the soils to become mostly polluted. In the morphological observation of the cross-sections taken by the soil samples, it was mainly influenced by the change in soil colour in the soil surface layer. The chemical and physical properties of the soil change under the influence of pollution, including the tendency to increase the amount of humus as it moves away from the object of study in a wavy pattern. The pH of the soil changed alkalinity. Changes in the agrochemical and other properties of the soil as a result of the cement industry adversely affected the vegetative development of the agricultural plants grown on it, disrupting the growing season and photosynthesis processes and resulting in reduced yields.
Scientific and practical substantiation of geodetic and topographic works using GIS software in the design of hydraulic structures
Authors: Khayitov Kholmurod , Avilova Nilufar
Published: July 2021

In this article, the scientific and practical basis of geodetic and topographic work in the design of hydraulic structures and solutions intended to improve them using GIS (Geoinformation Systems) were analysed. Geodetic and topographic works are the basis for the design, construction and reconstruction of hydraulic structures in Uzbekistan. A systematic approach to the analysis of geodetic and topographic works in the design of hydraulic structures was chosen, which was used to determine the essence of the processes and laws of scientific substantiation of projects of various hydraulic structures. The geological and topographic works were carried out to monitor the condition of the Karshi main canal, and besides, several other irrigation canals in the Kashkadarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan were studied. The main task of the Karshi main canal is to supply water to various industries, offices, institutions and irrigation canals. After taking the horizontal and vertical topographic data of the Hisorak Reservoir and processing it using the Global Mapper software, a 3D dimensional model of the Hisorak Reservoir was created.
Indication of industrial safety of sugar production in Russia
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Nuzhdin Roman , Ponomareva Natalia
Published: July 2021

In modern conditions of political confrontation and economic sanctions, ensuring national security is becoming a priority direction of state policy, not only in the long term, but also in the short term. The purpose of this study is to develop methodological support for assessing the level of industrial safety, which makes it possible to identify latent threats that reduce its level at each stage of the sugar beet business cycle. To achieve this goal, the structural and logical relationships of food independence, food security, industrial safety of sugar beet production were substantiated. The priority importance of industrial safety is proved for the economic development of business entities, ensuring the balance of their business interests and the formation of harmonious business relations, which make it possible to reduce the level of unused and underutilized opportunities. Using the example of the main stages of the beet-sugar business cycle - selection, seed production, beet growing, sugar production, sale (consumption) - a method for indicating industrial safety has been developed, which provides for the implementation of five stages and the implementation of an analytical complex consisting of nine indicators and six indicators. The proposed indicators at each stage of the sugar beet business cycle link the potential, actual and optimal level of indicators and make it possible to assess the balance of business relations and the level of industrial safety. The results of the indication can be used to analyze the actual state of the business cycle as a whole or its individual stages.
Cardiovascular reactivity and burnout syndrome of medical personnel
Authors: Chukhrova Marina , Pronin Sergey , Schukina Elena , Goncharova Ekaterina , Morozova Vera
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between latent alcohol consumption, burnout syndrome and the cardiovascular system reactivity of nurses. It was shown that the total number of people with burnout syndrome revealed signs of systematic alcohol consumption significantly more often than without signs of EBS (P = 0.001). there were 8% of people in the first group and 23% of people in the second with a high probability of addiction to nicotine and coffee. In a group of people with a high level of alcohol consumption (from 2.6 to 9.9 drinks), a decrease in the adaptive potential of cardiovascular system was revealed in 45% of cases. The dose-dependent effects of alcohol togather with EBS are interrelated with the VLF index. At the same time, pearson’s correlation of the VLF index (neuroendocrine component) with the amount of alcohol consumed was significant rp = 0,291; P = 0,05 (double-sided). The lower activity of alcohol consumption was influenced by the marital status of the surveyed persons, regardless of the service length. It is concluded that alcohol has a negative effect on the cardiovascular system, which leads to a decrease in the professional suitability of medical personnel and a more pronounced burnout syndrome.
Modeling the process of grinding feed by the method of damage accumulation
Authors: Gavrilov Timmo
Published: July 2021

The efficiency of the process of grinding meat and bone feed depends on a number of design and technological parameters of the grinder operation. One of the most significant issues and at the same time the least studied one is the influence of the number of cycles of loading meat and bone feed with the working bodies of grinders on the particle size of the finished meat and bone feed. To study this issue, the authors proposed a method for modeling the process of grinding meat and bone feed using a stochastic B-model of cumulative damage, which is based on an understanding of the process under study at the macroscopic level and experimental data. The constructed B-model made it possible to determine the optimal number of cycles of loading meat and bone feed with the working bodies of the grinders, at which the required particle size of the finished meat and bone feed is 3...5 mm, and there is no unnecessary energy consumption of the grinding process. This number is equal to 12...18 cycles. The results obtained by the B-model are in good agreement with the experimental data. The constructed B-model of the grinding process of meat and bone feed will further help optimizing the operation of the cutting device and reducing energy consumption for the operation of the grinders as a whole.
The economic feasibility of cultivating intensive orchards
Authors: Sultanov Bakhodir , Abdurazakova Napisa , Shermatov Odiljon , Fayziev Oybek , Jumanov Azamat , Dekhkanova Nilufar
Published: July 2021

Horticulture is an important part of agriculture throughout the world. Fruits are used in the diet of the population, both fresh and for the production of various processed products, and most importantly, the most popular is dried fruits. In this regard, the topic is relevant both for the agricultural economy and for the country's economy as a whole. Intensive gardening is a combination of technologies, means, resources based on modern, intensive, innovative bases. The purpose of researching the material of the article is to analyze the corresponding situation of intensive gardens in the Republic of Uzbekistan, analyze the development and formulate proposals for increasing the economic attractiveness of cultivating intensive gardens, both for local consumption within the country and for export to foreign countries. The object of the study was the gardening of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular, they were accepted for analysis in 2016-2020. The objectives of the study of the material were the study of the economic side of the cultivation of intensive gardens, diagnostics of the state of intensive gardens, based on the analysis, the creation of proposals admissible for adoption on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Growth, development, and yield of the usual basil (ocimum basilicum L.) under different cultivation conditions
Authors: Karamatova Gullola , Safarov Alisher , Safarov Karimdjon
Published: July 2021

This article presents the results of research on the study of the growth, development and productivity of different forms and varieties (Ocimum basilicum L.) in different growing conditions and the content of essential oils in the aboveground mass of the plant. Presowing treatment of seeds of the studied basil samples increases their germination energy and germination capacity. Changes in the content of essential oils during plant ontogenesis and growing conditions were revealed. The greatest increase in essential oils was noted during the period of mass flowering, then their decrease is observed. The maximum amount of essential oils was found in the inflorescences (0.4-2.1%), then in the leaves (0.2-0.9%), and the smallest amount (0.05-0.1%) in the stems. The forms and varieties of purple basil are distinguished by a relatively high content of essential oil. The highest yield of leaves was formed by basil with large green leaves, which significantly exceeded all other studied varieties and samples.
Impact of green initial cuttings of vegetative-active grafting points of cherry on rooting and its period, rods, and growth controlling plant substance concentration
Authors: Abdikayumov Zaynilabiddin , Yulchieva Diloram
Published: July 2021

This scientific paper presents the results of experiments on the propagation of vegetatively propagated clone grafts of cherries from green cuttings. In the experiment, the effect of the concentration of indolymic acid (IMK), the time of preparation of green cuttings and the part of the stem from which the green cuttings were obtained, on the growth of vegetatively propagated stems of cherries from green cuttings was studied. The object of study was the weakly growing vegetatively propagated VSL-2 (Krimsky-5) and CAB-6P grafts of cherries. The cuttings were treated with water concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg/l to determine the optimal concentration of the growth regulating agent - IMK. Rapid acceleration of rhizogenesis processes and high root yield (78-81%) in green cuttings of cherry clone grafts were noted in the variant treated with IMK 80 mg/l water concentration. The rapid and early regeneration processes in green cuttings using the optimal concentration of IMK ensured that their conditional body diameter reached a standard (6-7 mm) size by the time of cutting grafts. In this experimental variant, the amount of plants that can be grafted has reached about 89% of the total number of plants that have taken root.
Bluetooth wireless temperature and humidity detection system based on STM32
Authors: Wang Anhang
Published: July 2021

Based on STM32 MCU and HC-05 module, a wireless temperature and humidity detection system is designed. In this system, STM32 is taken as the control core, the digital temperature and humidity sensor AM2303 with low power consumption and fast response is used to collect temperature and humidity signals, and bluetooth technology is used to transmit the detected environmental information, thus completing the remote communication with the upper computer. The problem of complicated wiring of traditional wired monitoring system is solved. Through Bluetooth module, the communication between STM32 single chip microcomputer and host computer can realize the real-time detection of environmental temperature and humidity. When there is danger in the room, the mobile phone or work computer can receive warning signals in time. The experimental results show that the system has the advantages of good real-time, high data transmission reliability and good intelligence, Meanwhile, the cable is saved and the cost is reduced.
Designing of Infographic via android operating system application for royal graduation ceremony of Ramkhamhaeng University
Authors: Namwong Tichaporn , Waythongkhum Yotravee
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research and development project are; to design and assess quality infographics via an Android Operating System (OS) application for the royal graduation ceremony of Ramkhamhaeng University. The research results found that; (1) The infographics for the royal graduation ceremony of Ramkhamhaeng University were offered on the application RUGrad Version 1.0 on Android OS and included these following items on its menu (1.1) Procedures for the graduation ceremony, (1.2) Graduation registration, (1.3) Attendance report, (1.4) Rehearsals, (1.5) Royal graduation ceremony day, (1.6) Graduates’ attires, (1.7) Practices for monks, (1.8) Prohibitions for graduates, (1.9) Diagram for the graduation ceremony process, and (1.10) How to use the application. (2) The quality of infographics shown via the Android OS application was found to be suitable in all areas with the overall value of 0.90. (3) Graduates of Ramkhamhaeng University participating the 2019 royal graduation ceremony were found with an overall high level of understanding of the ceremony information presented with infographics via the Android OS application (X̄ = 4.49). They were also found with an overall high level of satisfaction towards the infographics for the royal graduation ceremony presented via the Android OS application (X̄ = 4.44).