bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Disorders and Oxidative Stress Status Attenuated by Chrysophyllum Perpulchrum Extract in Alzheimer- like Rat Model of Intracerebroventricular Aβ1-40 injection
Authors: N’Go Pacôme Kouadio , Tehoua Lazare , Ahmed Ahami Omar Touhami , Azzaoui Fatima-Zahra , Aboussaleh Youssef
Published: October 2021

Chrysophyllum perpulchrum is an endemic medicinal plant used in ivorian tranditional pharmacopeiaeas antipyretic to heal malaria fever. Since three flavonoid compounds have been isolated, catechin and two procyanid in dimers, we are proposed to testthe neuroprotective effectiveness effects using a rat model of Alzheimer Disease (AD). Adult Wistar rats were used as model.Sham-operated rats as controlwere injected by intracerebroventricular route (i.c.v) with1% ammonia(Group1), Aβ rats were microinjected with 10µg/side (i.c.v route, (Group 2)).From 14th day post-surgery required for neuro inflammation and oxidative stress induction,some Aβ-injected rats were daily treated with the extract (300 mg/kg bw, oral route, (Group 3)) for 21 days,sham-operated rats were treated only with plant extract (300 mg/kg bw, oral route, (Group 4)). Rats were then submitted to memory tests with Y maze, object recognition test and Morris water maze. Some oxidative stress markershave been assessed.AD-like rats exhibited significant recognition memory as well as learning and spatial memory deficits.The treatment of AD like-rats with methanolic extract of Chrysophyllum perpulchrum alleviated cognitive disorders by improving the memory recognition index and spatial learning strategy to find the hidden platform. Furthermore,Chrysophyllum perpulchrum extract prevented significantly Aβ-induced lipid proxidation through a decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex, and also helped to increase the non protein-thiol (NP-SH) antioxidant level.These findings suggest the neuroprotective actions of Chrysophyllum perpulchrum extract on AD-like rats. However,further pharmacological studies are needed to test ability of isolated compounds from Chrysophyllum perpulchrum to counteract full Aβ physiopathology mechanisms before promising to be a drug candidate for AD treatment.
A Comprehensive Study on Supratrochlear Foramen of Human Humerus and its Clinical Significance - A Review.
Authors: BT Lalita , Francis Yuvaraj Maria , K Balaji , Raghunath Gunapriya , M Kumaresan
Published: October 2021

The lower end of humerus has numerous fossae which play a significant role during extreme movements. Coronoid fossa and olecranon fossa are separated by a delicate supratrochlear septum; occasionally septum has perforation and form an aperture, named as Supratrochlear foramen (STF). The knowledge of this foramen will be beneficial for anatomists, anthropologists, orthopedic surgeons, and radiologists. The aim of the present study was to establish the prevalence and morphometry of STF of the humerus in South Indian population and to correlate with the previous studies. The present prospective study was carried out with 274 (146 left sided + 127 right sided) dried humeri of unknown sex and age. The distal humeri were examined for the presence of STF, morphometry such as diverse shapes, vertical and horizontal diameters, and distance from STF to medial, lateral epicondyle and also to the inferior margin of trochlea using digital vernier caliper. In the present study, out of 274 dried humeri, 69 showed presence of STF, 163 were translucent and 42 were opaque. The prevalence of STF was 25.18%. After keen observation, shapes of the STF were categorized accordingly. The oval (42%) showed higher percentage whereas the other shapes showed as follows: - irregular (12%), round (19%), rectangular (12%), reniform (9.7%), sieve (7.3%) and triangular (2%). The mean vertical and transverse diameters of STF on the right side were 3.12 ± 1.09 and 5.5 ± 1.83mm and on the left side, it was 3.47± 1.32 and 4.9± 1.5mm respectively. The mean distance from STF to medial and lateral epicondyle on the right side was 25.12± 3.1 and 28.09± 2.3mm and for the left side 24.97± 2.9mm and 27.16± 2.4mm respectively. The anatomical knowledge regarding the supratrochlear foramen is much promising for the orthopaedic surgeons during intramedullary nailing for supracondylar fracture of humerus. STF appears as a radiolucent area in radiographs, which may pose a difficulty for the radiologist in differentiating it from an osteolytic or cystic lesion. In addition, STF is predominantly found in the primates, it may act an evolutionary link between the humans and lower animals.
Significance of Acute Phase Reactants as Prognostic Biomarkers for Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Hamid Enas Abdel , Ali Walaa , Ahmed Hanaa , Megawer Amre , Osman Wafaa
Published: October 2021

Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major contributing cause for the increased rate of childhood mortalities and morbidities in the developing countries. Thus, we aimed in this study to appraise the significance of acute phase reactant proteins in correlation with the modified pneumonia prognostic score to assess the disease severity and outcome in children.This study included 40 children with pneumonia ( age between 6 months 2 years ) and other 40 healthy controls ( age and sex matched). They were enrolled in the study and a detailedhistory’s obtained, full clinical examination and assessment of AGP, CRP and ferritin in serum in addition to CBC.AGP, CRP and ferritin showed significant higher levels in children with pneumonia than healthy controls. Also, their values were significantly higher in nonsuvivors than survivors.The present investigation provides a distinct evidence for the prominence of acute phase reactants (ferritin, CRP and AGP) in comparison with the clinical scores in predicting early high risk prognosis of pneumonia in children.
Differential Expression of micro RNAs and their Association with the Inflammatory Markers in Familial Mediterranean Fever Patients
Authors: Mahmoud Abdelkawy Rania Fawzy , Kholoussi Shams , Eissa Eman , Hamed Khaled , Raouf Haiam Abdel , El-Bassyouni Hala T.
Published: October 2021

Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an auto inflammatory genetic disease resulted from the mutation of pyrin, which contributes to the formation of inflamma some complex. Therefore, activation of cytokines is one of the hallmarks of FMF pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the role of miRNAs as regulatory biomarkers for inflammation in patients with FMF. Methods: 50 FMF patients and 25 healthy subjects were included in this study. Q RT-PCR was used to determine plasma expressions of miR-181a and miR-125a, while IFN-γ and IL-17 were estimated using ELISA technique. Results: Our results indicated that, the expression of miR-181a was significantly decreased (p = 0.006) while miR-125a expression was insignificantly reduced (p = 0.101) also IL-17 levels were significantly higher(p = 0.003) and plasma IFN-γ levels were insignificantly increased (p = 0.322) in FMF patients than control group. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between miR-181a expression and lymphocyte percentages (p = 0.048),while a significant negative association was observed between miR-125a and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.005) in FMF patients. However, there were no associations between miR-125a and miR-181a with IFN-γ and IL-17 in FMF patients. Conclusion: miR-181a and miR-125a could be used as regulatory biomarkers for inflammation in FMF patients.
The Effect of Circulating Oxidized LDL and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein on Coronary Heart Disease Susceptibility in a South Indian Population.
Authors: Jaishankar Thirunavukkarasu , Shivasekar Meera , V. M Vinodhini
Published: October 2021

The mechanism by which circulating ox-LDL and inflammatory indicators such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein may exert their impact on the development of CHD is still poorly understood. The study aims to measure the levels of circulating oxidized LDL and high sensitive C - reactive protein in CHD subjects. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, General Medicine, and Master health check-up OP of SRM Medical college hospital and research centre, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 182 subjects in which 91 CHD subjects and 91 healthy control in the age group of 30 to 55. ox-LDL and hs-CRP were measured by ELISA method and Lipid Profile is measured using Auto Analyzer AU480. Statistical analysis was done using the student ‘t’ test and Pearson correlation analysis was done for the comparison between two groups. The mean level ox-LDL and hs-CRP in CHD were elevated and statistically significant (p-value <0.001) compared to healthy controls. Ox-LDL was positively correlated with and hs-CRP. This study brings new insights that Ox-LDL and CRP may play a direct role in promoting the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, more emphasis should be placed on these oxidative stress indicators in the prevention and treatment of CHD.
Serum Osteoprotegerin Level as a Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: S Shrookmousa , Laymouna Ahmed , Ghaffar Mohamed NagwaAbd El , Wadie Mary , V Philip Mariana
Published: October 2021

Background: Prediction ofthe risk of atherosclerosis in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by measuring serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) level and correlation between OPG levels and SLE disease activity (assessed by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index [SLEDAI] score), is the aim of this study. Methods:A cross sectional study in which all patients were subjected to full medical history, full clinical examination (with special emphasis to SLE symptoms and signs e.g. photosensitivity, arthralgia, arthritis, malar rash, blood pressure and lower limb edema), laboratory investigations (CBC, random blood sugar [RBS], ESR, albumin/creatinine ratio, serum urea and creatinine, serum albumin, C3, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium and phosphorus). Electrocardiography (ECG) was done to calculate QTc interval using Bazett’s formula: QTC = QT / √ RR. Serum osteoprotegerin level was measured using ELISA technique. All participants were subjected to imaging in the form of: Carotid duplex: to assess intima-media thickness just two cm before carotid bifurcation, and to assess any plaques, if present. Also brachial artery flow mediated dilatation method: for detection of subclinical atherosclerosis. Results: There was a statistically significant negative correlation between serum levels of osteoprotegerin and brachial flow mediated dilation percentage (FMD %) values (P value > 0.001) which means a significant correlation between high serum OPG levels and subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE patients. There were statistically significant differences between SLE cases and controls in right and left carotid intima-media thickness (P value: 0.034 & 0.036 respectively), serum osteoprotegerin levels (P value: > 0.001) and QTc values (P value: 0.011) which were all statistically significantly higher in SLE patients, while brachial FMD % was statistically significantly lower in SLE patients than in controls (P value: > 0.001). Also, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum OPG levels and QTc interval (P value: 0.006). Conclusion: We have concluded that serum OPG level has a significant correlation with subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction, which was measured by CIMT and brachial mediated flow dilation method.
The Role of Bisphosphonates in Childhood Diseases
Authors: Attina Giorgio , Mastrangelo Stefano , Ruggiero Antonio
Published: October 2021

Bisphosphonates have found in recent years an increasingly wide application in adult neoplastic diseases and osteoporosis. Their mechanism of action is based on the inhibition of bone turnover favouring, in particular, the mineralization and the reduction of the frequency of the remodelling cycles. The fields of application of bisphosphonates in paediatric age are constantly evolving although new trials are needed to define the schedule of administration and their long-term side effects.
Synthesis Processing Condition Optimization of Citrate Stabilized Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles using Direct Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Yusuf Mubarika Sekarsari , S Sutriyo , Rahmasari Ratika
Published: October 2021

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are commonly prepared by co-precipitation, a convenient and high yield producing method. However, this method produces large particles and wide size distribution. Thus, this study aims to optimize and determine the processing condition during the direct co-precipitation synthesis of citrate stabilized SPION (SPION-C). Processing conditions were optimized to achieve the suitable hydrodynamic size and zeta potential; measured straight after preparation, at weeks 3, 10, and 30. Characterization of optimized SPION and SPION-C was done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optimized processing condition (stirring speed of 9000 rpm, stabilizer concentration of 1.006 M, and a 90oC stabilizer adsorption temperature), resulted in suitable SPION-C with a hydrodynamic size of 25.58 ± 7 nm, and zeta potential value of -50.8 ± 3.9. Particles with an almost sphere morphology with below 20 nm size were shown by TEM. The XRD analysis presented magnetite phase with a 2.79 nm core size which indicated the formation of stabilized SPION. The maximum excitation and emission wavelength of SPION after stabilization were proved to be uninterrupted by fluorescence spectroscopy. Further FTIR results supported the successful conjugation of citrate onto SPION. Highly stable and crystalline SPION-C were successfully produced through an optimized processing condition using direct co-precipitation. The obtained SPION-C conveyed desired nanoparticle size with narrow size distribution and stability for 30 weeks of storage at 4oC.
Genetic Algorithm Approach to Find the Estimated Value of HMM parametersfor NS5 Methyltransferase Protein
Authors: Katiyar Nidhi , Nath Ravindra , Katiyar Shashwat
Published: October 2021

Dengue is the pandemic disease caused by Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus. In recent years dengue has emerged as a foremost cause of severe illness and deaths in developing countries.About 400 million dengue infections occur worldwide each year.In general, dengue infections create only mild illness but infrequently expand into a lethal illness termed as severe dengue for which no specific treatment. The machine learning approach plays a significant role in bioinformatics and other fields of computer science.It exploitsapproaches like Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM).The GA is a randomized search algorithm for solving the problem based on natural selection phenomena.Many machine learning techniques are based on HMM have been positively applied. In this work, We firstly used HMM parameters on the biological sequence,and after that, we catch the probability of the observation sequence of a mutated gene sequence. This study comparesboth methods, G.A. and HMM, to get the highest estimated value of the observation sequence. In this paper, we also discuss the applications ofGA in the bioinformatics field. In a further study, we will apply the other machine learning approaches to find the best result of protein studies.
Clinical outcomes following intra-articular injection of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs characterized by weight-bearing asymmetry
Authors: Sanghani-Kerai Anita , Black Cameron , Cheng Shuliang Oliver , Collins Laura , Schneider Nadine , Blunn G. , Watson Fraje , Fitzpatrick Noel
Published: October 2021

Aims

This study investigates the effects of intra-articular injection of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on lameness, pain, and quality of life in osteoarthritic canine patients.

Methods

With informed owner consent, adipose tissue collected from adult dogs diagnosed with degenerative joint disease was enzymatically digested and cultured to passage 1. A small portion of cells (n = 4) surplus to clinical need were characterized using flow cytometry and tri-lineage differentiation. The impact and degree of osteoarthritis (OA) was assessed using the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) score, Modified Canine Osteoarthritis Staging Tool (mCOAST), kinetic gait analysis, and diagnostic imaging. Overall, 28 joints (25 dogs) were injected with autologous AdMSCs and PRP. The patients were followed up at two, four, eight, 12, and 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using two related-samples Wilcoxon signed-rank or Mann-Whitney U tests with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Results

AdMSCs demonstrated stem cell-like characteristics. LOAD scores were significantly lower at week 4 compared with preinjection (p = 0.021). The mCOAST improved significantly after three months (p = 0.001) and six months (p = 0.001). Asymmmetry indices decreased from four weeks post-injection and remained significantly lower at six months (p = 0.025).

Conclusion

These improvements in quality of life, reduction in pain on examination, and improved symmetry in dogs injected with AdMSCs and PRP support the effectiveness of this combined treatment for symptom modification in canine OA for six months. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(10):650–658.
Dynamics of a chirped Airy pulse in a dispersive medium with higher-order nonlinearity
Authors: Purohit Ankit , Gaur Deependra Singh , Mishra Akhilesh Kumar
Published: October 2021

Chirp can control the dynamics of the Airy pulse, making it an essential factor in pulse manipulation. Finite energy chirped Airy pulses (FECAPs) have potential applications in underwater optical communication and imaging. Hence, it is critical to study the propagation of FECAPs. We present a numerical investigation of the propagation dynamics of a FECAP in a dispersive and highly nonlinear medium. The nonlinearity under study includes self-phase modulation (SPM), self-steepening (SS), as well as intra-pulse Raman scattering (IRS) terms. We have observed soliton shedding, and the chirp parameter is demonstrated to have a considerable impact on the pulse dynamics. In particular, the emergent soliton does not propagate in a straight path; instead, depending on the sign of the chirp parameter, it delays or advances in time. Furthermore, it has been established that the chirp can be employed as an alternate control parameter for spectral manipulation. The results of our study may have implications in supercontinuum generation and for producing tunable sources.
Maximized atom number for a grating magneto-optical trap via machine-learning assisted parameter optimization
Authors: Seo Sangwon , Lee Jae Hoon , Lee Sang-Bum , Park Sang Eon , Seo Meung Ho , Park Jongcheol , Kwon Taeg Yong , Hong Hyun-Gue
Published: October 2021

We present a parameter set for obtaining the maximum number of atoms in a grating magneto-optical trap (gMOT) by employing a machine learning algorithm. In the multi-dimensional parameter space, which imposes a challenge for global optimization, the atom number is efficiently modeled via Bayesian optimization with the evaluation of the trap performance given by a Monte-Carlo simulation. Modeling gMOTs for six representative atomic species - 7Li, 23Na, 87Rb, 88Sr, 133Cs, 174Yb - allows us to discover that the optimal grating reflectivity is consistently higher than a simple estimation based on balanced optical molasses. Our algorithm also yields the optimal diffraction angle which is independent of the beam waist. The validity of the optimal parameter set for the case of 87Rb is experimentally verified using a set of grating chips with different reflectivities and diffraction angles.
Ultrawideband and high-efficient polarization conversion metasurface based on multi-resonant element and interference theory
Authors: Yu Hang , Wang Xiaoyu , Su Jianxun , Qu Meijun , Guo Qingxin , Li Zengrui , Song Jiming
Published: October 2021

In this work, an ultrawideband and high-efficient polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) is proposed, which can efficiently convert linearly polarized waves into cross-polarized waves in an ultra-wide frequency range. The unit cell of the proposed PCM is composed of two pairs of L-shaped metallic patches covered by a dielectric superstrate and an air-based substrate attached with a metallic ground. The PCM has an operating band from 3.37 to 22.07 GHz with the polarization conversion ratio (PCR) over 90% under the normal incidence, which the ratio bandwidth (fH/fL) is 6.5:1. The PCR can achieve 100% at seven resonant frequencies. The equivalent circuit model is analyzed to explain the fundamental cause of the PCM’s multi-resonance and polarization conversion behaviors. In addition, all possible near-field interactions among the resonator, the superstrate, and the ground sheet can be accurately calculated using interference theory, which reveals the underlying physical mechanisms of the multi-resonance metasurface. The theoretical calculated, numerically simulated, and measured results are in good agreement. Compared to other PCMs, the proposed PCM has a simple geometry structure but an ultrawideband and high PCR property.
Enhancing breakpoint resolution with deep segmentation model: A general refinement method for read-depth based structural variant callers
Authors: Zhang Yao-zhong , Imoto Seiya , Miyano Satoru , Yamaguchi Rui
Published: October 2021

Read-depths (RDs) are frequently used in identifying structural variants (SVs) from sequencing data. For existing RD-based SV callers, it is difficult for them to determine breakpoints in single-nucleotide resolution due to the noisiness of RD data and the bin-based calculation. In this paper, we propose to use the deep segmentation model UNet to learn base-wise RD patterns surrounding breakpoints of known SVs. We integrate model predictions with an RD-based SV caller to enhance breakpoints in single-nucleotide resolution. We show that UNet can be trained with a small amount of data and can be applied both in-sample and cross-sample. An enhancement pipeline named RDBKE significantly increases the number of SVs with more precise breakpoints on simulated and real data. The source code of RDBKE is freely available at https://github.com/yaozhong/deepIntraSV.
Early life course processes leading to educational and economic attainment in young adulthood: Contributions of early socioeconomic adversity and education polygenic score
Authors: Wickrama Kandauda A. S. , OˋNeal Catherine Walker , Lee Tae Kyoung , Lee Seonhwa
Published: October 2021

The present study investigated an integrated life course model, drawn from the life course theoretical perspective, to elucidate youth’s additive, cascading, and cumulative life course processes stemming from early socioeconomic adversity and education polygenic score (education PGS) as well as potential interactions between them (GxE), which contribute to subsequent young adult socioeconomic outcomes. Additionally, the independent, varying associations among social and genetic predictors, life-stage specific educational outcomes (educational achievement in adolescence and educational attainment, in later stages), and young adult economic outcomes were examined. The study used prospective, longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health (Add Health) with a sample of 5,728 youth of European ancestry. Early family socioeconomic adversity and individual education PGS were associated with life stage-specific educational outcomes through additive and cascading processes linked to young adults’ economic outcomes (personal earnings) through a cumulative process. A GxE moderation existed between individuals’ education PGS and early socioeconomic adversity at multiple life stages, explaining variation in adolescent educational outcomes. Both early socioeconomic adversity and education PGS were persistently associated with youth’s educational and economic outcomes throughout the early life course. In sum, the findings based on the integrated life course model showed how additive, cascading, and cumulative processes were related and conditioned one another, generating specific life course patterns and outcomes. The findings highlight the value of incorporating molecular genetic information into longitudinal developmental life course research and provide insight into malleable characteristics and appropriate timing for interventions addressing youth developmental characteristics.
Using numerical modeling and simulation to assess the ethical burden in clinical trials and how it relates to the proportion of responders in a trial sample
Authors: Boissel Jean-Pierre , Pérol David , Décousus Hervé , Klingmann Ingrid , Hommel Marc
Published: October 2021

In order to propose a more precise definition and explore how to reduce ethical losses in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), we set out to identify trial participants who do not contribute to demonstrating that the treatment in the experimental arm is superior to that in the control arm. RCTs emerged mid-last century as the gold standard for assessing efficacy, becoming the cornerstone of the value of new therapies, yet their ethical grounds are a matter of debate. We introduce the concept of unnecessary participants in RCTs, the sum of non-informative participants and non-responders. The non-informative participants are considered not informative with respect to the efficacy measured in the trial in contrast to responders who carry all the information required to conclude on the treatment’s efficacy. The non-responders present the event whether or not they are treated with the experimental treatment. The unnecessary participants carry the burden of having to participate in a clinical trial without benefiting from it, which might include experiencing side effects. Thus, these unnecessary participants carry the ethical loss that is inherent to the RCT methodology. On the contrary, responders to the experimental treatment bear its entire efficacy in the RCT. Starting from the proportions observed in a real placebo-controlled trial from the literature, we carried out simulations of RCTs progressively increasing the proportion of responders up to 100%. We show that the number of unnecessary participants decreases steadily until the RCT’s ethical loss reaches a minimum. In parallel, the trial sample size decreases (presumably its cost as well), although the trial’s statistical power increases as shown by the increase of the chi-square comparing the event rates between the two arms. Thus, we expect that increasing the proportion of responders in RCTs would contribute to making them more ethically acceptable, with less false negative outcomes.
Strong horizontal and vertical connectivity in the coral Pocillopora verrucosa from Ludao, Taiwan, a small oceanic island
Authors: de Palmas Stéphane , Soto Derek , Ho Ming-Jay , Denis Vianney , Chen Chaolun Allen
Published: October 2021

Mesophotic habitats could be sheltered from natural and anthropogenic disturbances and act as reproductive refuges, providing propagules to replenish shallower populations. Molecular markers can be used as proxies evaluating the connectivity and inferring population structure and larval dispersal. This study characterizes population structure as well as horizontal and vertical genetic connectivity of the broadcasting coralPocillopora verrucosafrom Ludao, a small oceanic island off the eastern coast of Taiwan. We genotyped 75P.verrucosaspecimens from three sites (Gongguan, Dabaisha, and Guiwan) at three depth ranges (Shallow: 7–15 m, Mid-depth: 23–30 m, and Deep: 38–45 m), spanning shallow to upper mesophotic coral reefs, with eight microsatellite markers. F-statistics showed a moderate differentiation (FST= 0.106, p<0.05) between two adjacent locations (Dabaisha 23–30 and Dabaisha 38–45 m), but no differentiation elsewhere, suggesting high levels of connectivity among sites and depths. STRUCTURE analysis showed no genetic clustering among sites or depths, indicating that allPocilloporaindividuals could be drawn from a single panmictic population. Simulations of recent migration assigned 30 individuals (40%) to a different location from where they were collected. Among them, 1/3 were assigned to deeper locations, 1/3 to shallower populations and 1/3 were assigned to the right depth but a different site. These results suggest high levels of vertical and horizontal connectivity, which could enhance the recovery ofP.verrucosafollowing disturbances around Ludao, a feature that agrees with demographic studies portraying this species as an opportunistic scleractinian.
Validation of the European Drug Addiction Prevention Trial Questionnaire (EU-Dap) for substance use screening and to assess risk and protective factors among early adolescents in Chile
Authors: Ramírez Saray , Gana Sofía , Godoy María Inés , Valenzuela Daniela , Araya Ricardo , Gaete Jorge
Published: October 2021

Background

Substance use is highly prevalent among Chilean adolescents, and the damage it causes at the neurobiological, psychological, and social levels is known. However, there are no validated screening instruments that also assess risk and protective factors for this population in Chile, which is essential for evaluating future prevention interventions.

Objective

To determine the psychometric properties of the European Drug Addiction Prevention Trial Questionnaire (EU-Dap) questionnaire.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out in 13 schools in the city of Santiago de Chile. The sample included 2261 adolescents ranging from 10 to 14 years old. Linguistic and cultural adaptation was assessed using focus groups with adolescents, the construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, and measures of its reliability were also determined. Furthermore, the associations regarding risk and protective factors with substance use were explored.

Results

Substance use questions were well understood and seemed to adequately capture the consumption of different drugs. Regarding the subscales of risk and protective factors, the analyses showed that most subscales had good psychometric properties, and few needed some degree of improvement (e.g., some items were removed). After the changes, most final subscales had good or adequate goodness of fit adjustments and good or acceptable internal consistency. Finally, the main associated factors with the substance use outcomes were: future substance use and school bonding for tobacco use; negative beliefs about alcohol, future substance use, school bonding and refusal skills for alcohol use; and negative beliefs about marihuana, positive attitudes towards drugs, risk perception, and substance abuse index for marihuana use. Normative beliefs increased the risk for all substances use.

Conclusions

The current findings suggest that the EU-Dap is a valid and reliable instrument, and it may help to evaluate the effectiveness of drug use prevention interventions.
Development of ELISA based on Bacillus anthracis capsule biosynthesis protein CapA for naturally acquired antibodies against anthrax
Authors: Zorigt Tuvshinzaya , Furuta Yoshikazu , Simbotwe Manyando , Ochi Akihiro , Tsujinouchi Mai , Shawa Misheck , Shimizu Tomoko , Isoda Norikazu , Enkhtuya Jargalsaikhan , Higashi Hideaki
Published: October 2021

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-positive spore-forming bacteriumBacillus anthracis. Detecting naturally acquired antibodies against anthrax sublethal exposure in animals is essential for anthrax surveillance and effective control measures. Serological assays based on protective antigen (PA) ofB.anthracisare mainly used for anthrax surveillance and vaccine evaluation. Although the assay is reliable, it is challenging to distinguish the naturally acquired antibodies from vaccine-induced immunity in animals because PA is cross-reactive to both antibodies. Although additional data on the vaccination history of animals could bypass this problem, such data are not readily accessible in many cases. In this study, we established a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific to antibodies against capsule biosynthesis protein CapA antigen ofB.anthracis, which is non-cross-reactive to vaccine-induced antibodies in horses. Usingin silicoanalyses, we screened coding sequences encoded on pXO2 plasmid, which is absent in the veterinary vaccine strain Sterne 34F2 but present in virulent strains ofB.anthracis. Among the 8 selected antigen candidates, capsule biosynthesis protein CapA (GBAA_RS28240) and peptide ABC transporter substrate-binding protein (GBAA_RS28340) were detected by antibodies in infected horse sera. Of these, CapA has not yet been identified as immunoreactive in other studies to the best of our knowledge. Considering the protein solubility and specificity ofB.anthracis, we prepared the C-terminus region of CapA, named CapA322, and developed CapA322-ELISA based on a horse model. Comparative analysis of the CapA322-ELISA and PAD1-ELISA (ELISA uses domain one of the PA) showed that CapA322-ELISA could detect anti-CapA antibodies in sera from infected horses but was non-reactive to sera from vaccinated horses. The CapA322-ELISA could contribute to the anthrax surveillance in endemic areas, and two immunoreactive proteins identified in this study could be additives to the improvement of current or future vaccine development.
Creative Ecologies: How Might We Live in the Ruins of the More-Than-Human Anthropocene?
Authors: Oleksijczuk Denise
Published: October 2021

Introduction to special issue of PUBLIC: 63 Creative Ecologies.
Creative, Speculative, and World-Ending Ecologies
Authors: Colebrook Claire
Published: October 2021

This essay explores two modes of speculative fiction, one in which creativity creates relations that enable the current ecology to survive, and an alternative world-ending speculation that looks toward counter-ecologies.
The Way You Look Tonight
Authors: Dickson Hannah
Published: October 2021

The Way You Look Tonight, curated by Philip Leonard Ocampo, examines how nostalgia can idealize and complicate our memories of the past. This virtual show put on in the middle of a global pandemic reminds viewers to be critical of these nostalgic feelings and examine how outside factors can influence our thoughts and feelings about the past.
Eurasia: Avances de investigación
Authors: Falero Folgoso Alfonso , Doncel Abad David
Published: October 2021

El concepto de Eurasia es hoy día un término controvertido. Utilizado principalmente como herramienta de confrontación de potencias emergentes como China y Rusia, que aspiran a configurar un frente político-cultural que frene la deriva hegemonista global del bloque atlantista en el que está incorporada la UE, desde el mundo académico nos proponemos contribuir igualmente a una labor intelectual de resistencia, no solo resiliencia, frente al hegemonismo académico anglosajón, heredero de la concepción colonial del continente asiático como un «otro» del «continente» europeo. El Grupo de Investigación Reconocido de la USAL «Humanismo Eurasia» (fundado en 2017) reivindica desde su creación unas humanidades enraizadas en el pensamiento autocrítico, tomando como punto de partida la recuperación de la memoria histórica de un macrocontinente fraccionado, pero que reclama ser dueño de su propio destino. Como propuesta de intervención académica, el presente volumen es el resultado de las iniciativas de trabajo presentadas en las II Jornadas de Investigación «Humanismo-Eurasia», celebradas en la USAL entre el 1 y el 15 abril 2020. Se divide en secciones que corresponden a los paneles de las Jornadas, y las contribuciones incorporadas han superado estándares de calidad. El centro de las propuestas es Asia Oriental, área de investigación a la que está adscrito el GIR. Es un pequeño paso en un gran proyecto.
Metodologia para elaboração de diagnósticos ambientais de perda laminar de solos, por meio do geoprocessamento. Estudo de Caso: Distrito Federal
Authors: Baptista Gustavo Macedo de Mello , Eid Nabil Joseph
Published: October 2021

Metodologia para elaboração de diagnósticos ambientais de perda laminar de solos, por meio do geoprocessamento. Estudo de Caso: Distrito Federal
Mapeamento dos solos da Bacia do Ribeirão Panga
Authors: Lima Samuel do Carmo , Bernardino Andréa Rispoli
Published: October 2021

Mapeamento dos solos da Bacia do Ribeirão Panga
Crescimento Populacional e Meio ambiente
Authors: Siegler Irineu Antonio
Published: October 2021

Crescimento Populacional e Meio ambiente
Construindo uma prática de ensino de geografia: a questão da regionalização
Authors: Vlach Vânia Rúbia Farias
Published: October 2021

Construindo uma prática de ensino de geografia: a questão da regionalização
Modernização, Estado e políticas territoriais nas metrópoles latino-americanas
Authors: Lemos Amália Inés Geraiges de
Published: October 2021

Modernização, Estado e políticas territoriais nas metrópoles latino-americanas
Os estudos experimentais aplicados na avaliação dos processos geomorfológicos de escoamento pluvial em área de Cerrado
Authors: Baccaro Claudete Aparecida Dallevedove
Published: October 2021

Os estudos experimentais aplicados na avaliação dos processos geomorfológicos de escoamento pluvial em área de Cerrado
Empresas, conjuntos habitacionais e questões ambientais
Authors: Mauro Cláudio Antônio di , Basil Irene Francisca , Russo Iara Leme
Published: October 2021

Empresas, conjuntos habitacionais e questões ambientais
A dinâmica climática atual de Uberlândia e suas implicações geomorfológicas
Authors: Grossi Suely Regina Del
Published: October 2021

A dinâmica climática atual de Uberlândia e suas implicações geomorfológicas
Análise da planilha de custos operacionais do Transporte coletivo urbano de Uberlândia
Authors: Guimarães Alberico dos Santos , Ferreira Denise Labrea , Freitas Paulo Sergio Rais de
Published: October 2021

Análise da planilha de custos operacionais do Transporte coletivo urbano de Uberlândia.
As unidades geomorfológicas e a erosão nos chapadões do município de Uberlândia
Authors: Baccaro Claudete Aparecida Delevedove
Published: October 2021

As unidades geomorfológicas e a erosão nos chapadões do município de Uberlândia
Agentes sociais e produção do espaço urbano: a estruturação do Distrito Industrial de Uberlândia
Authors: Ramires Júlio Cesar de Lima , Freitas Cláudia Maria de
Published: October 2021

Agentes sociais e produção do espaço urbano: a estruturação do Distrito Industrial de Uberlândia
A moradia em Uberlândia
Authors: Soares Beatriz Ribeiro , Vasconcellos Luiz G. Falcão
Published: October 2021

A moradia em Uberlândia
Natureza e Fome X a natureza da fome: a alimentação da espécie humana e as causas da fome no período da globalização da economia
Authors: Stacciarini José Henrique Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

Natureza e Fome X a natureza da fome: a alimentação da espécie humana e as causas da fome no período da globalização da economia
Substituição isomórfica e suas consequências cristalográficas nos argilominerais
Authors: Barros Omar Neto Fernandes
Published: October 2021

Substituição isomórfica e suas consequências cristalográficas nos argilominerais
Tocantins e Canaã: um olhar periférico sobre a cidade de Uberlândia
Authors: Martins Ieda Carla , Soares Beatriz Ribeiro
Published: October 2021

Tocantins e Canaã: um olhar periférico sobre a cidade de Uberlândia
Os pequenos produtores de leite C em Uberlândia: uma caracterização
Authors: Santos André Luís Andrade dos , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Salazar
Published: October 2021

Os pequenos produtores de leite C em Uberlândia: uma caracterização
Agricultura, meio ambiente e saúde pública: a questão dos praguicidas no Brasil
Authors: Poltroniéri Ligia Celoria
Published: October 2021

Agricultura, meio ambiente e saúde pública: a questão dos praguicidas no Brasil
Algumas notas sobre os camelôs e ambulantes na área central de Uberlândia
Authors: Bertolucci Fábio Luiz
Published: October 2021

Algumas notas sobre os camelôs e ambulantes na área central de Uberlândia
Ficción policial y memoria colectiva. El caso de Sangre kosher (2010) de María Inés Krimer
Authors: Oggioni Mariana
Published: October 2021

El objeto del presente trabajo es analizar la relación existente entre memoria colectiva y la novela policial Sangre kosher (2010) de la autora argentina María Inés Krimer. Más precisamente, se hace foco en el diálogo que allí se establece entre un hecho de raíz socio-histórica (las operaciones de la asociación de proxenetas Zwi Migdal en Argentina a principios del siglo XX) y la construcción de esta ficción policial. En un primer momento, se introduce la noción de memoria colectiva en los estudios literarios; luego, se especifican las características genéricas de Sangre kosher para describir los elementos que toma prestados del subgénero de la novela policial histórica, en este caso el trabajo de archivo y la construcción del espacio. A partir de allí, se analiza cómo esta ficción policial se sirve de estos elementos para construir un relato netamente policial que relaciona el pasado y el presente a través de la voz narrativa de la primera detective mujer judía de la literatura local. De esta manera, el análisis rinde cuentas de cómo desde la ficción policial es posible contribuir a la memoria colectiva de una comunidad, en este caso, la judía.
Semias fílmicas en una novela policiaco-existencial de Mario Lacruz: El inocente (1953)
Authors: Jimenez Gomez Cristina
Published: October 2021

La historia de las relaciones entre el cine y la literatura ha sido constante, prevaleciendo el estudio de las adaptaciones cinematográficas de obras literarias en el campo del comparatismo. Se ha desatendido, así, otro tipo de interferencias que se producen entre ambos medios como es el influjo de los códigos fílmicos en la literatura. Desde esta perspectiva, el propósito de este trabajo es demostrar cómo Mario Lacruz, en su novela El inocente (1953), recurre a las semias fílmicas para construir el punto de vista, el tiempo y el espacio narrativos.
An Efficient IWOLRS Control Technique of Brushless DC Motor for Torque Ripple Minimization
Authors: Rajesh P. , Shajin Francis H. , Kodeeswara Kumaran G.
Published: October 2021

This manuscript proposes an improved DC-DC converter framework using hybrid control algorithm for minimizing brushless DC motor (BLDC) torque ripple (TR). At first, the modeling of the brushless DC motor is intended by an enhanced Cuk converter (ECC). The function and performance of the Cuk converter are updated using application of switched inductor. In this way, the control system integrates two control loops such as speed and torque control loop, which is employed for improving BLDC performance. Therefore, the Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) and Local Random Search (LRS) are proposed to enhance control loop operations. In the IWO algorithm, the LRS approach is used as part of the dispersion process to build up the course of action to find precision. This manuscript explores the IWO-LRS algorithm for limiting BLDC motor speed and torque error. Nevertheless, the exit from the proposed approach is subject to the speed and torque controller input. The better optimal gain parameters have been worked out for the update of the controller operation through the aid of necessary goal functions. The proposed controller topology is activated in MATLAB/Simulink site and the performance is evaluated using other existing methods, like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bacterial Foraging (BF) algorithm.
Impresora 3D open source desde el desarrollo de producto
Authors: Rodríguez-Gasca Efraín Andrés , Rodríguez-Gasca Juan Pablo , Hernández-Gegen Luz Karime
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo muestra el proceso de desarrollo de una impresora por aporte de hilo fundido basado en la metodología QFD (Quality Function Deployment). El diseño y la manufactura del producto, están descritos a través de las actividades de Desarrollo conceptual, Diseño a nivel de sistemas y Diseño detallado, donde cada una de ellas es evaluada y detallada. De igual manera, se tuvo en cuenta el diagrama de Mudge, con el fin de establecer los requerimientos para el diseño de la impresora y su grado de importancia. Como resultado del proceso, fue diseñada una máquina de impresión 3d tipo RepRap, con una estructura mejorada para evitar desajustes y vibraciones, de igual manera se adicionaron piezas como una guía para el filamento y soportes para la electrónica y fuente de alimentación. La impresora cumplió con los requerimientos establecidos por los usuarios entre ellos su bajo costo y se encuentra operativa en la Universidad de Pamplona. Cabe destacar que la metodología empleada para el diseño, ha sido considerada como una ayudar en la toma de decisiones y selección de conceptos para la construcción.
Recolector autónomo de bolas de tenis mediante visión artificial
Authors: Forero-Casallas John Alejandro , Gaitán-Tabares David Leonardo , Martínez Arcila Héctor Fabio
Published: October 2021

El artículo presenta el diseño, la programación y la construcción de un sistema autónomo para la recolección de pelotas de tenis utilizando un dispositivo de visión artificial y la plataforma robótica programable Lego® Mindstorms, cuya aplicación principal es levantar las bolas que quedan ubicadas en la periferia de la cancha durante los juegos entre dos personas (singles), o más competidores (doubles). El objetivo del sistema elaborado es evitar que los jugadores o asistentes del juego, estén desplazándose de un lugar a otro a recoger las pelotas que quedan esparcidas en la cancha, y en lugar de ir ellos enviar al robot desde cierta distancia. Para el desarrollo del proyecto se llevó a cabo la codificación del sistema en el lenguaje de programación suministrado por el software LabVIEW® de la compañía norteamericana National Instruments.
Educación y desigualdad social: El impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el sistema educativo público de Honduras
Authors: Paz-Maldonado Eddy , Flores-Girón Hazaria , Silva-Peña Ilich
Published: October 2021

La pandemia causada por el COVID-19 ha visibilizado las precariedades y desigualdades a las que se enfrenta la educación en todo el mundo. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar el impacto de la pandemia en el sistema educativo público de Honduras, uno de los países con mayor desigualdad a nivel mundial. Para cumplir con el objetivo, el trabajo se estructura en cuatro apartados. Primero, se describe la realidad de la sociedad hondureña y su sistema educativo. En un segundo apartado, se especifican las acciones propuestas por los organismos gubernamentales hacia los procesos formativos en tiempos de crisis. En tercer lugar, se detallan los desafíos que debe enfrentar el sistema educativo hondureño. Finalmente, se plantean algunas alternativas con el propósito de continuar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.