bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of rootstock on refraction of forced fresh pepper
Authors: Birkás Zita , Terbe István , Mészáros Márton , Balázs Gábor
Published: December 2021

Fresh pepper {Capsicum annuum L.) production has a great tradition in Hungary. In 2014 fresh pepper was forced on 1600 ha, which reached approximately a 10 kg/m2 yield. While in case of tomato, which belongs to the Solanaceae family, the use of grafted plants is relevant today, the practice of grafted plants in the cultivation of hungaricum fresh pepper is a not so known and used method. Therefore, the main objective of the experiment was to study the qualitative changes in response to grafting and to determine the appropriate rootstock - scion combination. The experiment was set up in unheated plastic house at the research garden of Szent István University in Soroksár. Combination of two fresh pepper varieties SV 9702 (white type) and Karpex (kapia type) and two rootstocks Snooker and Capsifort were tested in soil and soilless culture. For soil culture the soil of the plastic house and for the soilless culture coconut fiber slabs was used. Grafted and non-grafted white type fresh peppers were placed at a row width and plant spacing of 110+40 x 33 cm (4 plants per m2) while kapia at 110+40 x25 (5.3 plant per m2). After the picking the Brix content was determined at the analytical laboratory of the department. From each repeat, 6 fruits were blended and measured with manual digital refractometer (PAL-1, ATAGO). After our studies both Snooker and Capsifort rootstock are recommended in combination of SV 9702 white type and Karpex kapia type fresh pepper in soilless culture.
The effect of foliar fertilization on the yield and generative factors of maize
Authors: Jakab Péter , Zoltán Gábor , Komarek Levente
Published: December 2021

We examined the effect of different foliar fertilization products on the yield and generative factors of maize in 2015. The experiment was set in three repetitions, random blocks on the area of Tangazdaság Ltd. in Hódmezővásárely. The soil of the experiment was meadow chernozem. Soil analysis data showed that it had had good nitrogen, and very good phosphor and potassium contents. During the experiment we applied two times foliar fertilization. The year 2015 was unfavourable for com production. In 2015 the amount of precipitation in the vegetative period of com was lower by 83.4 mm than the average. The average temperature showed a positive deviation compared to the average of several years. We processed the obtained data by single factor variant analysis. The yield of the control treatment was 6.39 t/ha, the yields of the foliar fertilization plots ranged between 6.5-7.5 t/ha. The foliar fertilization products increased the yield of com, but this difference was not significant. By the application of foliar fertilization the generative factors of com did not change significantly.
Factor analyses for economic growth in EU-28 and MENA-4 countries
Authors: A. Alkahtani Yaser Mueeth , Abdussalam Ashour Khalif , Zsarnóczai J. Sándor
Published: December 2021

This study uses eight main different statistical fields, as components between 2005-2014. The following step of the research is that the factor analyses, when in case of the first FACT1 three variances of the first component are, namely GDPVol2014, UnEmploy2014 and RisPov2014 are compared with two variances of the second component, namely GovDebt2014 and SocProt2014. In the second FACT2 analyse three variances of the first component, namely GDPVol2014, UnEmploy2014 and RisPov2014 are compared with two variances of the third component, namely LLeam2014 and GDPcap2014. The cluster analyse system separates the EU-28 member states and shows how these countries are closed by their special performance. The biggest group includes 22 member states closed to each other in field of their economic performance. The biggest country group originally also can be separated into 10 smaller country-group. The second country-group was consisting of two member states, namely France and Portugal, which countries were connected by mostly similarly economic growth rate with different economic developed levels. The third country-group included Spain, Cyprus, Greece and Ireland, where the low economic growth and low level of GDP volume growth were closed in case of Spain and Cyprus, but in Greece the unemployment rate was so highly and Ireland realised highly strong GovDebt2014 and SocProt2014 in its economic performance with low level for GDPVol2014 and GDPcap2014. The factor analyses and dendrogram system can show the clear selection methods for the economies, which help the researchers and policy makers to create the economic policy strategy and financial support for those countries which have the biggest backwardness in their economic development.
Preformed defense responses in a powdery mildew-resistant Hungarian cherry pepper cultivar
Authors: Albert Réka , Künstler András , Lantos Ferenc , Király Lóránt
Published: December 2021

A Hungarian cherry pepper (Capsicum annuum var. cerasiformé) cultivar ('Szentesi') displays resistance to pepper powdery mildew caused by Leveillula taurica. Resistance also develops in susceptible sweet pepper (C. annuum) when grafted on resistant cherry pepper cv. Szentesi rootstocks. Powdery mildew (PM) resistance is correlated with high levels of the defense regulator reactive oxygen species superoxide (O2 ') even in healthy plants. In order to further elucidate the mechanisms of preformed defense responses in cherry pepper cv. Szentesi we have monitored levels of salicylic acid (SA), a key molecule of plant defense signaling and expression of so-called pathogenesis/defense related (PR) genes in healthy pepper plants. Assays of free and bound (glycosylated) SA by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that in leaves of PM-resistant pepper levels of free SA are ca. twice as high compared to that of PM-sensitive plants. No difference occurred in levels of bound (glycosylated) SA. Expression of the CaPR-1 gene was several times higher in leaves of PM-resistant pepper than in sensitive plants as assayed by real time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real time RT-qPCR). On the other hand, high expression levels of the CaPR-2 (glucanase) gene did not entirely correlate with PM-resistance, being detectable only in PM-resistant cv. Szentesi plants but neither in PM-resistant sweet pepper cv. Totál grafted on cv. Szentesi rootstocks nor in susceptible controls (cv. Totál). It seems that graft-transmissible PMresistance of the cherry pepper cv. Szentesi is correlated not only with high levels of superoxide but also with elevated levels of free salicylic acid and enhanced expression of the defense-related CaPR-1 gene.
Reziliencia a szállodahajó-turizmusban
Authors: Pókó Nikolett
Published: December 2021

Jelen tanulmány a korábbi évtizedek gazdasági fejlődésén és a turisztikai ágazatot érintő világméretű gazdasági problémák példáin keresztül mutatja be a rezilienciaalapú megoldásokat a szállodahajóturizmusban. A reziliencia magában foglalja a rugalmas alkalmazkodás, a találékonyság képességét, amely az elmúlt két évtizedben is erőteljesen jellemezte ezt az ágazatot. A 2020-ban megjelent pandémiát követő próbálkozásokra tekintettel, amelyekkel a hajótársaságok a csődhelyzetet igyekeztek elkerülni, a tanulmány a tudományos elméleteket figyelembe véve mutatja be a szállodahajó-turizmus lehetőségeit. Arra keresi a választ, hogy milyen lehetőséget látnak az ágazat újraindításához, milyen eszközökkel próbálják és lehet visszacsábítani az utasokat, lesz-e még olyan aranykor a szállodahajó-turizmusban, mint a pandémia előtt volt?
A Odontologia que transforma
Authors: Monnerat Antonio F.
Published: December 2021

Agora você é um especialista em Dentística, ou um clínico, atualizado pelos últimos congressos de Estética, Dentística e Prótese, e está habilitado a praticar o que há de mais atual na Odontologia Restauradora, devolvendo estética e função a seus pacientes de consultório particular — mas sente que ainda falta alguma coisa. Você também é um clínico que trabalha em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) no seu município ou você trabalha com pacientes idosos, muitas vezes em domicílio ou, ainda, atende pacientes especiais ou crianças bem pequenas. Aí, você se pergunta:
◆ “Sempre conseguirei fazer restaurações com isolamento absoluto?”
◆ “Sempre controlarei o comportamento de crianças e pacientes especiais (com síndrome do espectro autista ou paralisia cerebral, por exemplo) quando puxar uma seringa carpule?”
◆ “Sempre terei tempo para executar uma sequência restauradora que inclua anestesia, isolamento e sequência restauradora em resina?”
◆ “Meus pacientes sempre poderão se ausentar do trabalho ou escola para um tratamento restaurador?”
◆ “E os materiais e instrumentais que aprendi a usar no curso de especialização, estarão sempre ao meu alcance, em qualquer lugar que eu trabalhe?”
Instagram Nu e Cru
Authors: Ottoboni Thiago
Published: December 2021

Sejam bem-vindos! A nossa coluna é dedicada a você, que busca uma Odontologia clínica baseada em evidências e extremamente real, na qual compartilhamos casos clínicos com fotografias que saíram diretamente da câmera fotográfica. Sem “mimimi”, manipulando as fotos em busca da perfeição e dos likes do Instagram. Muitas vezes, deparamo-nos, em situações clínicas, com casos que vamos apresentar em aulas nos quais, com a fotografia com flash twin e rebatedor ou difusor, enxergamos algumas imperfeições que realmente estão ali (as verdades) em boca no momento. O mais engraçado é que, se ligarmos um estúdio soft box ou sombrinha e fotografarmos o mesmo caso, tudo some e fica perfeito. Tome cuidado com as redes sociais em relação a isso: nós trabalhamos duro dia a dia na clínica e vemos os casos reais. Não se deixe enganar por fotografias manipuladas a ponto de te desmotivar. Treine, estude, dedique-se, entregue o melhor para seu paciente, seja leve e verdadeiro para curtir a caminhada.
Adsorbent from Textile Waste for Removal of Textile Reactive Dye from Water – Equilibrium Adsorption and Kinetics
Authors: Micic Aleksandra , Ristic Ivanka , Djordjevic Suzana , Ristic Nebojsa , Djordjevic Dragan
Published: December 2021

The removal of textile reactive dye from an aqueous solution on a new adsorbent prepared from waste cotton knitted fabric was investigated in this study. Waste cotton textile, used for the production of adsorbents, is a by-product of the cutting of stacked parts of cotton knitwear planned for the production of women’s T-shirts. The degree of efficiency of a paper pattern determines the amount of collected waste. The qualitative and quantitative characterization of the new adsorbent showed carbon and oxygen to be dominant in the chemical composition. A longer contact time means a greater amount of dye on the adsorbent, i.e. the dye concentration in the solution decreases with the duration of the adsorption process. The percentage of removed dye decreases with an increase in the initial dye concentration in the solution. However, the actual amount of adsorbed dye increases as the initial dye concentration increases. The results for equilibrium adsorption show that the Langmuir isotherm can be used for the interpretation of reactive dye adsorption on a new adsorbent. The pseudo-first order model can be fully used to describe the kinetics of dye adsorption on an adsorbent, with respect to valid results for statistical indicators. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the new adsorbent obtained from waste textiles has the potential to remove textile reactive dye from aqueous solutions.
Transfer and Friction Characteristics of Sports Socks Fabrics Made of Synthetic Fibres in Different Structures
Authors: Kaplan Sibel , Akgünoğlu Betül
Published: December 2021

Sports socks fabrics produced from polyester, polypropylene, their modified forms Thermocool®, Polycolon®, in three different structures (single jersey, piquet, terry) were investigated for their skin-fabric friction, permeability (air and water vapour), liquid absorption and transfer (absorbency, immersion, absorption capacity, wetback and drying) properties. According to the results, the effect of structure is dominant for frictional characteristics but focusing on the material, polypropylene created a bulkier and lighter structure with lower friction coeffi­cients, an advantage for sports socks. The effect of structure is greater than the material also for some thermal comfort parameters, e.g. air permeability and absorbency. Focusing on materials, besides their better liquid transfer characteristics, modified forms of both fibres had worse performances for air permeability and absor­bency compared to their standard forms. Absorption capacity, wetback and drying performances were related to fabric density besides the polyester’s higher regain capacity. While Polycolon® had superiority for wetback performance against standard polypropylene, this was not the case for Thermocool®; however, both modified materials showed apparent superiority for drying periods. Piquet structures were advantageous for absorption capacity and wetback performances for polypropylene. For sports socks parts, specific needs can be met by changing the fabric structure. Considering the materials, polypropylene and Polycolon® can be recommended for both thermal and tactile aspects.
Pengelolaan Perioperatif Pediatri dengan Patent Ductus Arteriosus dan Trikuspid Regurgitasi Mild Pro Transanal Endorectal Pull-Through
Authors: Purwoko Purwoko , Rusydi Chairi , Febrianti Rizki Fitria
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Megacolon congenital atau hirschprung disease merupakan penyebab umum obstruksi usus neonatal di mana segmen dari saluran usus bagian distal tidak memiliki elemen sistem saraf enterik yang normal. Transanal endorecral pull-through (TAERPT) merupakan salah satu prosedur operasi sebagai tatalaksana megacolon congenital yang sering dipakai karena metodenya yang invasif minimal dan memberikan efek kosmetik yang lebih baik daripada metode transabdominal.Kasus: Kami melaporkan seorang anak perempuan usia 1 tahun dengan berat badan 9,2 kg dengan megacolon congenital, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 0,3 cm dan TR mild yang akan menjalani prosedur TAERPT. Pemeriksaan fisik preoperatif didapatkan pasien sadar dan aktif, tanda vital lain dalam batas normal, SpO2 95-97% dalam posisi supine. Pemeriksaan fisik lain dan laboratorium dalam batas normal.Pembahasan: Tujuan anestesi selama tindakan pada pasien dengan kelainan jantung bawaan asianotik PDA adalah menjaga keseimbangan aliran agar tidak terjadi peningkatan aliran darah pulmonal yang menyebabkan hipertensi pulmonal. Pilihan obat dan tindakan anestesi pada pediatri didasarkan pada anatomi, fisiologi, dan farmakologi pada anak yang berbeda dengan pasien dewasa.Kesimpulan: Pengelolaan perioperatif pasien dengan PDA yang menjalani TAERPT pada anak perempuan usia 1 tahun dalam laporan ini menuliskan pentingnya pemahaman terkait patofisiologis penyakit dan pendekatan anestesi pediatri untuk mendapat hasil yang baik.
La Incidencia Del Narcotráfico En Las Altas Esferas Del Gobierno Peruano
Authors: Sierra Zamora Paola Alexandra , Bermúdez-Tapia Manuel
Published: December 2021

Desde mediados de los años ochenta del siglo pasado hasta la actualidad, el narcotráfico ha tenido unsevero impacto económico, político y social en el Perú. En el año 2018, producto de una investigaciónpolicial-fiscal, se descubrió la relación entre una banda de narcotraficantes con algunos funcionariosdel poder Judicial, del Ministerio Público y del Consejo Nacional de la Magistratura, quienes teníanvínculos cercanos en las demás entidades del Estado, lo que acreditó la presencia de tales agentesen las altas esferas del poder. Las consecuencias han debilitado la democracia en el país, porquelas influencias del narcotráfico podían relacionarse con miembros del Congreso de la República einclusive del Gobierno nacional. Entonces, el Estado ejecutó una serie de acciones normativase institucionales para limitar la influencia del narcotráfico y modificó la legislación penal-civil queregula el control financiero y bancario y la disposición de bienes inmuebles ligados a casos delavado de activos; desactivó el Consejo Nacional de la Magistratura y destituyó a la mayoría de losfuncionarios de altas corporaciones judiciales del país.
Legal Service Unit and Teacher Protection as A Mediation Forum for Penal Violence in the World of Education
Authors: Aman Serah Yenny
Published: December 2021

This study offers a development of a model of fair teacher protection, with a focus on research conducted in West Kalimantan, particularly in Pontianak City and Ketapang District. The offer of a just teacher protection model is based on the empirical facts that there is still violence in the world of education and/or the criminalization of teachers that is still happening. Although various laws and regulations have been regulated to provide legal protection for teachers, the mechanism for implementing legal protection for teachers has not yet been formulated, so the reality is that when problems occur in the world of education and/or criminalization of teachers, they are resolved in various ways, either through government agencies, teacher organizations, schools or police officers, and there are even mutual opinions on social media. Through the socio-juridical research method through interviews and discussions, it was found that the effort to provide legal protection for teachers is important to be regulated through regional policies related to the formation of the Legal Service Unit and Teacher Protection or Unit Pelayanan Hukum dan Perlindungan Guru (UPHPG) which can become a coordinating institution and a forum for solving legal problems for teachers. The focus of this article describes how the UPHPG is intended to be a mediation platform for penal mediation in resolving violence in education and/or criminalizing teachers.
Kindheit- und Kindlichkeitskonzeptionen in der russischen Literatur des 21. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Kuzminykh Ksenia
Published: December 2021

The article begins with an overview of the childhood conceptions found in literature for children’s and young people. The conception of childhood in the Enlightenment is directed towards the future. The characters are serious and strive to become better people. They are an example for the recipients. Romanticism, on the other hand, tries to undermine this idea, and evokes a golden age of childhood. The first type dominated Soviet literature for children and young people. This changed in the 21st century. The analysis of Sabitova’s, Emec’s, Wostokows’s, Krjukova’s, Murašova’s and Verkin’s novels shows how these childhood myths are successfully combined in modern books for children and young adults.
Perspectives for foreign language teachers’ professional development in the German-Polish border region
Authors: Lis Tomasz , Janachowska-Budych Marta
Published: December 2021

The aim of the paper is to identify key areas as well as to offer an overview of significant topics that should be addressed within training for foreign language teachers, enabling them to use the educational potential of the German-Polish border region in intercultural foreign languages teaching. In order to achieve this goal, in the first part of the paper the main concepts of pupiloriented education in a border region will be described (i.e. cross-border cooperation, learner-orientation, region-orientation, participation, sustainability, and competence for successful living and communicating in a border region), as they give insights into the essential fields of knowledge and skills that should be aimed at in terms of teacher-oriented activities during the process of professionalisation. On this basis, in the second part of the article, concrete recommendations on priority topics within the professional development of foreign language teachers will be made, according to the specific educational potential of the German-Polish border region.
Sadia Belkhir (ed.). Cognition and language learning. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2020. Pp. 157
Authors: Delibegović Džanić Nihada
Published: December 2021

Book review. Sadia Belkhir (ed.). Cognition and language learning. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2020. Pp. 157.
Bericht zum VII. Internationalen Forschungskolloquium „Junge Forschung im Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache“. Marburg & weltweit 9.–10.07.2020
Authors: Ciepielewska-Kaczmarek Luiza
Published: December 2021

Bericht zum VII. Internationalen Forschungskolloquium „Junge Forschung im Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache“. Marburg & weltweit 9.–10.07.2020.
The Review of the Psychoanalytic Approaches to the Holocaust, on the Example of the Ninth Circle Interpretation
Authors: Matijašević Željka
Published: December 2021

The essay is an overview of the most notable psychoanalytic approaches to the trauma of the Holocaust, in the works of the Frankfurt school authors, and in the works of Shoshana Felman and Dori Laub. The last part of the article represents an attempt to interpret the film Ninth Circle by France Štiglic, and in this respect the article reviews and applies the concepts of Viktor Frankl’s school of logotherapy, while it also relies on Frankl’s autobiographical account of the Holocaust trauma.
House of Memories and Oblivion by Filip David: Literature, Memory and Death
Authors: Nikolić Časlav V.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper, is to determine the status of the Holocaust themes in contemporary Serbian literature. Philip David’s novel House of memories and oblivion contains resonances of the civilization after World War II considering the fate of Jewish people in this war. The attempt to highlight the work and the way of Western civilization to define itself in respect of the Holocaust was made. David’s novel is an example of a literary text which tests the boundaries of narrative regarding life of those who survived the Holocaust and tryed to find their identity. Literary discourse also allows to search for the truth about the crime in the gaps of the symbolic order of our world.
Fenomenologia zła. Kontekst bośniacko-hercegowiński
Authors: Zekić Marinko
Published: December 2021

Lektury. Recepcja literackich i artystycznych dzieł o Szoa
Blood lactate concentration in COVID-19: a systematic literature review
Authors: Carpenè Giovanni , Onorato Diletta , Nocini Riccardo , Fortunato Gianmarco , Rizk John G. , Henry Brandon M. , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory condition sustained by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which manifests prevalently as mild to moderate respiratory tract infection. Nevertheless, in a number of cases the clinical course may deteriorate, with onset of end organ injury, systemic dysfunction, thrombosis and ischemia. Given the clinical picture, baseline assessment and serial monitoring of blood lactate concentration may be conceivably useful in COVID-19. We hence performed a systematic literature review to explore the possible association between increased blood lactate levels, disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, including comparison of lactate values between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. We carried out an electronic search in Medline and Scopus, using the keywords “COVID-19” OR “SARS-CoV-2” AND “lactate” OR “lactic acid” OR “hyperlactatemia”, between 2019 and present time (i.e. October 10, 2021), which allowed to identify 19 studies, totalling 6,459 patients. Overall, we found that COVID-19 patients with worse outcome tend to display higher lactate values than those with better outcome, although most COVID-19 patients in the studies included in our analysis did not have sustained baseline hyperlactatemia. Substantially elevated lactate values were neither consistently present in all COVID-19 patients who developed unfavourable clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that blood lactate monitoring upon admission and throughout hospitalization may be useful for early identification of higher risk of unfavourable COVID-19 illness progression, though therapeutic decisions based on using conventional hyperlactatemia cut-off values (i.e., 2.0 mmol/L) upon first evaluation may be inappropriate in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Emergency medicine physicians’ perspectives on diagnostic accuracy in neurology: a qualitative study
Authors: Liberman Ava L. , Cheng Natalie T. , Friedman Benjamin W. , Gerstein Maya T. , Moncrieffe Khadean , Labovitz Daniel L. , Lipton Richard B.
Published: December 2021

Objectives

We sought to understand the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of emergency medicine (EM) physicians towards non-specific neurological conditions and the use of clinical decision support (CDS) to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Methods

We conducted semi-structured interviews of EM physicians at four emergency departments (EDs) affiliated with a single US healthcare system. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Conventional content analysis was used to identify themes related to EM physicians’ perspectives on acute diagnostic neurology; directed content analysis was used to explore views regarding CDS. Each interview transcript was independently coded by two researchers using an iteratively refined codebook with consensus-based resolution of coding differences.

Results

We identified two domains regarding diagnostic safety: (1) challenges unique to neurological complaints and (2) challenges in EM more broadly. Themes relevant to neurology included: (1) knowledge gaps and uncertainty, (2) skepticism about neurology, (3) comfort with basic as opposed to detailed neurological examination, and (4) comfort with non-neurological diseases. Themes relevant to diagnostic decision making in the ED included: (1) cognitive biases, (2) ED system/environmental issues, (3) patient barriers, (4) comfort with diagnostic uncertainty, and (5) concerns regarding diagnostic error identification and measurement. Most participating EM physicians were enthusiastic about the potential for well-designed CDS to improve diagnostic accuracy for non-specific neurological complaints.

Conclusions

Physicians identified diagnostic challenges unique to neurological diseases as well as issues related more generally to diagnostic accuracy in EM. These physician-reported issues should be accounted for when designing interventions to improve ED diagnostic accuracy.
Tribes and Proto-Tribes: The Deep Roots of Political Differences
Authors: Hibbing John R.
Published: December 2021

People belong to political tribes that support particular positions on a variety of substantive policy topics; however, when the topics that divide a polity involve identity, in-groups, out-groups, core institutions, homogeneity, diversity, security from outsiders, and immigration, tribalism will be especially ferocious and debilitating. I refer to tribes based on these core matters as proto-tribes because the issues involved connect to our species’ evolutionary past. Due to longstanding individual predispositions, people manifest deep policy preferences either 1) to protect their society’s insider populations and institutions by being relentlessly vigilant against the intrusions of human outsiders, especially immigrants or 2) to enrich their society by embracing diverse outsiders and by being vigilant against the untoward power of insider institutions. Whenever societal conflict centers on proto-tribes—as was the case in the 1860s and 1960s and is the case today—rather than tribes that emphasize positions on issues such as taxes, regulations, transgender rights, and preferred governmental structure, the political system will be endangered.
The Legacy of Rush Limbaugh Will Always Be Tied to Donald Trump
Authors: Reifowitz Ian
Published: December 2021

This article explores Rush Limbaugh’s efforts to tribalize American politics through his racially divisive, falsehood-ridden portrayal of President Obama. By playing and preying on white anxiety, the host laid the groundwork for the election of a president who essentially adopted his view of the Obama presidency. Limbaugh’s rhetoric about Obama serves as a case study whereby the most influential part of the conservative media during those years represents the whole. “How did we get here?” is the essential question right now in American politics. How did we go from a society that relatively easily elected Barack Obama twice to one that, popular vote loss aside, elected Donald Trump, and came within a small popular vote shift in three states from doing so again in 2020? Analyzing how Limbaugh ginned up white racial anxiety about a Black president helps us understand the rise of Trump, who began his White House campaign by serving as the nation’s birther-in-chief and who, in his reaction to the white nationalist terrorist attack in Charlottesville, Virginia, to name just one example, demonstrated his reliance on white identity politics. As Jamelle Bouie wrote: “You can draw a direct line to the rise of Trump from the racial hysteria of talk radio—where Rush Limbaugh, a Trump booster, warned that Obama would turn the world upside down.”
Study of the possibilities of using sunflower lines with different colours of seeds to create poultry feed
Authors: Vedmedeva Katerina , Machova Tatiana
Published: December 2021

Sunflower is used for the production of oil, confectionery and animal feed. Birds are very fond of sunflowers and can be pests of sunflower crops, and are consumers of seeds. Sunflower poultry feed is an emerging market that determines the direction of breeding. Its development is based on the determination of bird preferences and the available variety of sunflower lines. This is what our research is devoted to. Experimental feeding of chickens with a mixture of sunflower seeds of different colours was carried out. Chickens have been found to prefer contrasting striped seeds with white and dark stripes more than others. The white colour of the seeds was eaten less than others. Studies of the genetics of sunflower colour allow us to distinguish two groups of lines by seed colour. The first has white seeds with the EwEwPP genotype, suitable for use in human confectionery and more protected from being eaten by wild birds in the fields. The second is striped seeds with the EstrEstrPP genotype, which can be fed whole seeds to birds. Donors of seed colour traits and other traits important for hybrid breeding were selected from the evaluated collection of sunflower lines. InK1039 line is a donor of small striped seeds and pollen fertility restoration. InK1587 line is a sterility fixer and donor of striped and early maturing seeds. To create hybrids with white seeds for human consumption and thus more resistant to ingestion by wild birds, white seed donors were isolated with KG9 to restore pollen fertility and I2K2218 in a pollen sterility fixer.
Effects of Helichrysum Psudoplicatum supplementation on pruritus intensity, fatigue, quality of life and anorexia in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Mohajeranirad Maryam , Saeidi Naser , Kamali Nejad Mohammad , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Salehi Mehdi , Latifi Seyed Amirhossein
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Anorexia, fatigue and pruritus are common complications of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Today, the use of medicinal plants is more than synthetic drugs due to their safety. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effects of Helichrysum psudoplicatum (H. psudoplicatum) supplementation on biochemical parameters, pruritus intensity, fatigue, quality of life and anorexia in HD patients.

Methods

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 50 subjects with, aged 55–65 years old. HD patients were randomly divided into two groups. Intervention group received 250 mg/day of H. psudoplicatum supplement capsule for 6 weeks (n=25), and the placebo group was given placebo capsule for the same time duration and dosage (n=25). The serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, albumin and hemoglobin were measured enzymatically methods. Anorexia, pruritus intensity, quality of life the dialysis patients with pruritus and fatigue score was measured using a Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), Numerical rating scale (NRS), Fatigue severity scale (FSS) and ItchyQoL questionnaire, respectively. Shapiro–Wilk and independent-samples t-test or Mann–Whitney test were used for the analysis of the data.

Results

The results showed that the H. psudoplicatum supplementation significantly improved the pruritus intensity, quality of life the dialysis patients with pruritus and fatigue in HD patients, for 6 weeks (p<0.001). However, it did not significantly effect on the anorexia, albumin, hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, arm circumference, and body mass index (p>0.05).

Conclusions

According to the results of this study, H. psudoplicatum supplementation can be effective as an adjunct therapy to improve pruritus intensity, quality of life, fatigue and relative improvement of anorexia in HD patients.
Herders and Pioneers: The Role of Pastoralism in the Neolithization of the Amblés Valley (Ávila, Central Iberia)
Authors: Guerra Doce Elisa , Zapatero Magdaleno María Pilar , Delibes de Castro Germán , García Cuesta José Luis , Fabián García José Francisco , Riquelme Cantal José Antonio , López Sáez José Antonio
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the notion of landscape learning has been the object of increasing attention when discussing the neolithization of Europe. The landscape learning model stresses the necessity of gathering environmental information about a previously unfamiliar region. Therefore, it is particularly relevant in cases where the beginning of a farming economy is better explained in relation to the movements of peoples (colonization), rather than to the adoption of crops and livestock by pre-existing hunters and gatherers (acculturation). Unlike other Iberian regions, where the adoption of agriculture runs parallel to that of animal husbandry, the available data on the neolithization process of the Sierra de Gredos mountain range seem to suggest that raising livestock may have preceded plant cultivation. Based on an interdisciplinary and multi-proxy approach, this paper explores the idea that the adoption of a food-producing economy in the Amblés Valley (Ávila, Central Iberia) may have been connected with pastoralism. In this context, landscape learning provides a model for analyzing how Early Neolithic herders in their seasonal movements were capable of wayfinding by memorizing spatial features that functioned as visual landmarks.
Das Paradox der Systemdifferenzierung und die Evolution der Gesellschaft
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Das Konzept der differenzierten Gesellschaft ist konstitutiv für die Soziologie als Disziplin. Sowohl in der Ideengeschichte seit dem 18. Jahrhundert wie in der Theoriegeschichte der Soziologie sind bislang aber nur vergebliche, nämlich Paradoxien erzeugende Versuche der Wiedereinführung der Einheit der Differenz zu beobachten. Deshalb wird vorgeschlagen, den Begriff der Differenzierung auf Systemdifferenzierung zu beschränken. Dadurch wird eine Entparadoxierung des Problems erreicht, indem statt vom vorausgesetzten Schema des aus Teilen bestehenden Ganzen von einem operativen Systembegriff und damit einer beforschbaren Evolution von Systemdifferenzierung (als der Wiedereinführung der Differenz von System und Umwelt) ausgegangen wird. Dieunitas multiplexist also immer systemrelativ und die Einheit der Gesellschaft wird durch die jeweilige Form der Systemdifferenzierung zum Ausdruck gebracht. Auf dieser Theoriebasis können vier Formen der gesellschaftlichen Primärdifferenzierung mit je spezifischen Beziehungen zwischen den Teilsystemen unterschieden und die historischen Transformationen, die mit den unterschiedlichen Einheitsrepräsentationen der Primärdifferenzierung verbundenen sind sowie das Verhältnis von Aus- und Binnendifferenzierung skizziert werden. Die Evolution (als Differenz von Variation, Selektion und Restabilisierung) der Gesellschaft im Sinne einer Transformation der Formen der gesellschaftlichen Differenzierung wird abschließend an dem Übergang von segmentärer zu stratifikatorischer und dem von stratifikatorischer zu funktionaler Differenzierung plausibilisiert.
Die soziologische Beobachtung der Theorie und der Praxis des Rechts
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Bislang gibt es keine zufriedenstellende Soziologie der Rechtstheorie und damit auch keine Soziologie des Rechtssystems. Hier bieten die Theorie autopoietischer Systeme, die Beobachtungstheorie sowie das Konzept einer selbstreferentiellen Logik neue Möglichkeiten: Gesellschaftliche Funktionssysteme können als sich über binäre Codierungen ausdifferenzierende und insofern paradoxal begründete selbstreferentielle Kommunikationszusammenhänge beschrieben werden. Während die Selbstbeobachtung des Rechts in Form der Rechtstheorie und der Rechtsdogmatik die binäre Codierung ihres Funktionssystems mitvollziehen müssen, kann die Soziologie als wissenschaftlicher Fremdbeobachter die systemkonstituierende Paradoxie wiederum thematisieren. Dadurch können eine Reihe bekannter rechtstheoretischer und rechtssoziologischer Themenstellungen neu behandelt werden: Das Problem der Faktizität normativer Geltung, das der Positivität des Rechts sowie dessen zunehmende Folgenorientierung. Damit steht die soziologische Beobachtung letztlich in der Nähe zu solchen Traditionen des Rechtsdenkens, die sich mit den Unschärfen in der Selbstbeobachtung des Rechts, also den Problemen der Selbstbegründung beschäftigt haben: der Derogationstheorie und der Gewalttheorie. Die Selbstbeobachtung konzeptionell mitberücksichtigende Systemtheorie kann diese Theorien wiederum nach ihrer Funktion befragen.
Religion als Kommunikationssystem
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Wenn man Religion als gesellschaftliches Kommunikationssystem beschreiben will, müssen zunächst einige system- und sinntheoretische Voraussetzungen geklärt werden. Auf dieser Grundlage kann die Frage nach der gesellschaftlichen Funktion der Religion bestimmt werden als Behandlung der Paradoxie des in sinnhafter Kommunikation mitlaufenden Unbestimmten des Bestimmten. Der evolutionäre Erfolg der Religion unter sehr verschiedenen gesellschaftsstrukturellen Bedingungen lässt sich darauf zurückführen, dass die Religion Duplikate der gesellschaftlichen Unbestimmtheiten erzeugt und dafür eigene Umgangsformen mit systemrelativen Ungewissheiten entwickelt. So wird der Offenheit der eigenen Sinnverweisungen durch die Etablierung eines spezifischen binären Codes (Immanenz/Transzendenz) Rechnung getragen. Historisch lässt sich dabei eine zunehmende Abstraktion des Negativwertes beobachten, der erst die gesamte Welt für die Religion zugänglich werden lässt. Die Frage nach der Einheit des Codes wird, nachdem zunächst die Grenze selbst tabuisiert wurde, dann durch die Erfindung des Symbolischen bearbeitet, bevor auch diese Lösung zunehmend in Frage gestellt wird. Neuerdings stellt sich der Eindruck ein, dass unter den Bedingungen zunehmender gesellschaftlich erzeugter Unsicherheit die etablierten Formen der Reformulierung der Unbestimmtheit in eine Krise geraten.
Cosmology in f(R, T) gravity with quadratic deceleration parameter
Authors: Bishi Binaya K. , Beesham Aroonkumar , Mahanta Kamal L.
Published: December 2021

In this work, we have developed FLRW cosmological models in f(R, T) gravity. The solution of the modified field equations are obtained under the newly proposed Bakry and Shafeek, “The periodic universe with varying deceleration parameter of the second degree,” Astrophys. Space Sci., vol. 364, p. 135, 2019, quadratic form of the deceleration parameter. Further, we have discussed the state-finder parameter, om-diagnostic analysis and energy conditions of the proposed model. The variation of deceleration parameter with respect to cosmic time and red-shift is consistent with observational data.
Synthesis, characterization, and computational study of copper bipyridine complex [Cu (C18H24N2) (NO3)2] to explore its functional properties
Authors: Alarfaji Saleh S. , Hussain Sajjad , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Muhammad Shabbir , Khan Islam Ullah , Rabbani Faiz , Gilani Mazhar Amjad , Ullah Hamid
Published: December 2021

In the present study, copper (II) complex of 4, 4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine [Cu (C18H24N2) (NO3)2], 1 is investigated through its synthesis and characterization using elemental analysis technique, infra-red spectroscopy, and single-crystal analysis. The compound 1 crystallizes in orthorhombic space group P212121. The copper atom in the mononuclear complex is hexa coordinated through two nitrogen and four oxygen atoms from bipyridine ligand and nitrate ligands. The thermal analysis depicts the stability of the entitled compound up to 170 °C, and the decomposition takes place in different steps between 170 and 1000 °C. Furthermore, quantum chemical techniques are used to study optoelectronic, nonlinear optical, and therapeutic bioactivity. The values of isotropic and anisotropic linear polarizabilities of compound 1 are calculated as 41.65 × 10−24 and 23.02 × 10−24 esu, respectively. Likewise, the static hyperpolarizability is calculated as 47.92 × 10−36 esu using M06 functional compared with para-nitroaniline (p-NA) and found several times larger than p-NA. Furthermore, the antiviral potential of compound 1 is studied using molecular docking technique where intermolecular interactions are checked between the entitled compound and two crucial proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Our investigation indicated that compound 1 interacts more vigorously to spike protein than main protease (MPro) due to its better binding energy of −9.60 kcal/mol compared with −9.10 kcal/mol of MPro. Our current study anticipated that the above-entitled coordination complexes could be potential candidates for optoelectronic properties and their biological activity.
Effect of Pre-test Routine Speeds on Hardness and Modulus Values Measured by Nanoindentation
Authors: Setty Mohan , Nunna Srinivas
Published: December 2021

Nanoindentation is an effective and powerful tool for the measurement of mechanical properties at small scales. Standard nanoindentation test rates are higher than most mechanical tests that include tension, compression, and flexural tests. However, to achieve studies that require several thousands of indents, test rates need to be further improved without compromising data quality. Here we report the possibility of increasing testing rates by first altering the duration of pre-test routines and then quantifying the rate effect on the hardness (H) and reduced modulus (Er) of a standard fused silica (silicon dioxide (SiO2)) sample. Initially, system calibrations were done to ensure that the equipment produced reliable and repeatable data. A number of nanoindentation tests were performed at various locations on SiO2. No significant change was observed in the mean hardness and modulus values even when the speed of testing was three times faster than the standard test speed. However, the effect of these speed changes on displacement drift range, H, and Er of the material were analyzed. Based on observations, the proposed method can save up to three hours for every hundred indentation tests. This provides a complementary technique to enable faster testing rates without influencing the measurement of mechanical properties.
Role of Duplex Aging Treatment on the Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of Ti-15V-3Al-3Sn-3Cr Metastable β Titanium Alloy
Authors: Yumak Nihal , Aslantaş Kubilay
Published: December 2021

In this study, the fatigue crack propagation behavior of Ti-15V-3Al-3Sn-3Cr alloy, in which aging treatments were applied, was investigated under constant and variable amplitude loading. Single-step and duplex (pre-aging + second-step aging) aging have been conducted on the alloy at low and high temperatures. Duplex aging was applied with two different pre-aging treatment temperatures and times (24 hours at 250°C and 10 hours at 300°C). During single-step aging, the precipitation-free zones reduced with the aging temperature increase; thus, the crack propagation rate of high-temperature-aged samples was lower than the low-temperature-aged samples. In the duplex-aging-treated samples, the second-step aging temperature increase negatively influenced the alloy's fatigue crack propagation rate. However, the prolonged second-step aging time caused a decrease in crack propagation rate, especially at low temperatures. After the application of overload, the crack propagation rate of the solution-treated sample increased because of the formation of secondary cracks along the crack propagation direction. On the other hand, in the aged specimen, the microcracks that formed between the α/β phases after the overload caused the sample to be fractured.
Education is An Overview of Data Mining and The Ability to Predict the Performance of Students
Authors: Saleh Mahjouba Ali , Palaniappan Sellappan , Abdalla Nasaraldeen Ali Alghazali
Published: December 2021

This research provides a review of the state of the art with respect to EDM and discusses the most relevant work in this area to date. Each study has been discussed considering type of data and data mining techniques used, and the kind of the educational task that they resolve. EDM is upcoming research area related to well-established areas of research such as e- learning, tutoring systems, web mining, data mining. Current literature show how fast educational data analysis area is growing and there is an increasing number of contributions that publish in International Journals and Conferences every year. However, educational data mining is still not a mature area. Some interesting future suggestion to develop this area has been presented. This research is a presentation of current and ancient literature of Predicting Student Performance using Data Mining.
Fauna silvestre con valor de uso en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla, Morelos, México
Authors: Valle Marquina Raúl , García Flores Alejandro , Colín Bahena Hortensia
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo fue sistematizar las especies apropiadas, formas de apropiación y valores de uso asignados a la fauna silvestre en comunidades de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla, México, mediante un análisis documental y trabajo de campo. Se registraron 46 especies con valor de uso pertenecientes a 31 familias. La clase con mayor número de especies apropiadas son las aves (42.5%), seguidas de los mamíferos (34%). El 64% de las especies se apropian con fines alimentarios y el 38.3% se utilizan para el tratamiento de enfermedades en la medicina tradicional. Otros usos son adornos, amuletos, elaboración de herramientas y como animal de compañía. La apropiación de fauna silvestre se realiza por medio de la cacería, la recolección y la pesca. Las armas de fuego como la escopeta es el principal instrumento para la cacería. También se utilizan perros, machetes, resorteras, tarrayas, anzuelos, nudos corredizos y se capturan manualmente. La apropiación puede ser una actividad oportunista u organizada por medio de las arreadas, espiadas, lampareadas, campeadas, acorralamiento y recolección manual. La apropiación de fauna silvestre es una actividad culturalmente arraigada en las comunidades de la reserva. Sin embargo, el análisis de la relación sociedad-fauna en la región es limitado, por lo que es necesario generar información que promueva el manejo sostenible del recurso faunístico.
Registro del gato de las pampas, Leopardus garleppi (Matschie, 1912) en los Humedales de Eten, Lambayeque, Perú
Authors: Aznaran Wilmar , Serran Edgar , Vásquez Danni , Lazo Igor
Published: December 2021

El gato de las pampas, Leopardus garleppi (Matschie, 1912), es una de las cinco especies del género Leopardus conocidas en el Perú y es la única especie del género que se distribuye en la ecorregión del desierto costero del Perú. En este trabajo presentamos un nuevo registro de L. garleppi mediante fotografías para esta ecorregión y el primer registro en los Humedales de Eten (departamento de Lambayeque, Perú).