bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segunda Temporada de Pesca 2016: Los retos de la pesquería industrial de anchoveta
Authors: Oceana
Published: September 2019

Presentamos un segundo análisis basado en la información proporcionada por elInstituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE) a través de sus Reportes Diarios de la ActividadPesquera Industrial. Aunque los datos recogidos por IMARPE no cubren todos lospuntos de desembarco, representan una aproximación a los valores oficiales resumidos por el Ministerio de la Producción (PRODUCE), aunque publicados con menorfrecuencia.
Attentional networks functioning and vigilance in expert musicians and non-musicians
Authors: Román-Caballero Rafael , Martín-Arévalo Elisa , Lupiáñez Juan
Published: September 2019

Previous literature has shown cognitive improvements related to musical training. Attention is one cognitive aspect in which musicians exhibit improvements compared to non-musicians. However, previous studies show inconsistent results regarding certain attentional processes, suggesting that benefits associated with musical training appear only in some processes. The present study aimed to investigate attentional and vigilance abilities in expert musicians with a fine-grained measure: the ANTI- Vea (ANT for Interactions and Vigilance—executive and arousal components; Luna, Marino, Roca, & Lupiáñez, 2018). This task allows measuring the functioning of the three Posner and Petersen’s networks (alerting, orienting, and executive control) along with two different components of vigilance (executive and arousal vigilance). Using propensity-score matching, 49 adult musicians (18–35 years old) were matched in an extensive set of confounding variables with a control group of 49 non-musicians. Musicians showed advantages in processing speed and in the two components of vigilance, with some specific aspects of musicianship such as years of practice or years of lessons correlating with these measures. Although these results should be taken with caution, given its correlational nature, one possible explanation is that musical training can specifically enhance some aspects of attention. Nevertheless, our correlational design does not allow us to rule out other possibilities such as the presence of cognitive differences prior to the onset of training. Moreover, the advantages were observed in an extra-musical context, which suggests that musical training could transfer its benefits to cognitive processes loosely related to musical skills. The absence of effects in executive control, frequently reported in previous literature, is discussed based on our extensive control of confounds.
The art of planning ahead: when do we prepare for the future and when is it effective? (under review)
Authors: Huijser Stefan , Taatgen Niels Anne , van Vugt Marieke K.
Published: September 2019

Preparing for the future during ongoing activities is an essential skill. Yet, it is currently unclear to what extent we can prepare for the future in parallel with another task. In two experiments, we investigated how characteristics of a present task influenced whether and when participants prepared for the future, as well as its usefulness. We focused on the influence of concurrent working memory load, assuming that working memory would interfere most strongly with preparation. In both experiments, participants performed a novel sequential dual-task paradigm, in which they could voluntary prepare for a second task while performing a first task. We identified task preparation by means of eye tracking, through detecting when participants switched their gaze from the first to the second task. The results showed that participants prepared productively, as evidenced by faster RTs on the second task, with only a small cost to the present task. The probability of preparation and its productiveness decreased with general increases in present task difficulty. In contrast to our prediction, we found some but no consistent support for influence of concurrent working memory load on preparation. Only for concurrent high working memory load (i.e., two items in memory), we observed strong interference with preparation. We conclude that preparation is affected by present task difficulty, potentially due to decreased opportunities for preparation and changes in multitasking strategy. Furthermore, the interference from holding two items may reflect that concurrent preparation is compromised when working memory integration is required by both processes.
The impact of housemate relationships on undergraduate student wellbeing
Authors: Foulkes Lucy , Reddy Ariyana , Westbrook Juliette , Newbronner Elizabeth , McMillan Dean
Published: September 2019

Rates of psychological distress in UK undergraduate students are high. The majority of undergraduate students live with same-age peers, and are in a developmental period characterised by changes in social cognition and social relationships. As such, examining the relationship that students have with their housemates may be critical for understanding student wellbeing. In the current study, N=90 undergraduates at universities across the UK took part in an online qualitative study examining the role that housemates play in student wellbeing. Four themes were constructed from the data using inductive qualitative content analysis: Positive relationships stem from constant contact and shared experience; Positive relationships enable a wide range of emotional and practical support; Conflict stems from disrespect; and Poor relationships lead to loneliness, isolation and psychological distress. Together, the themes demonstrate the divergent impact that housemates can have on student wellbeing: they can be a source of immense support or great unhappiness. The findings demonstrate that, to understand wellbeing in UK undergraduates, relationships within student accommodation should be examined.
Sense of agency for future-directed intentions: Intentional binding for intermediate outcomes
Authors: Ranjan Saurabh , Srinivasan Narayanan
Published: September 2019

Intentions can be present-directed or future-directed. Given that previous studies have primarily focused on understanding present-directed intentions, we studied sense of agency (SoA) for future-directed intentions by focusing on intermediate action-outcome events. The intermediate outcome exactly predicted the final perceptual outcome. We hypothesized that if SoA is conceptualized as tracking control, then IB (an implicit measure of SoA) should be present even at intermediate stages i.e. between initial action and appearance of intermediate outcome, which was associated with the intended outcome. In addition, we hypothesized faster response times for those intermediate outcome events that predicted the intended outcome. We also manipulated the contingency between intended outcome and intermediate outcome. We found as hypothesized a main effect of intention on interval judgement and reaction time for the intermediate outcome. Durations were judged shorter (more IB) for the intermediate outcome that predicted the intended outcome. The results support accounts of SoA that emphasize tracking control and the presence of IB for intermediate outcomes can be explained through post-dictive mechanisms.
Penataan Vegetasi Berdasarkan Kajian Iklim Mikro di Agrowisata Krakatau Steel Group Cilegon Banten
Authors: Saefullah Anja Amanda
Published: September 2019

Cilegon merupakan kota industri yang mengalami kenaikan suhu dan berdampak negatif bagi manusia. Vegetasi di ruang terbuka hijau dapat mengurangi dampak negatif dari meningkatnya suhu udara, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis komposisi vegetasi untuk memaksimalkan fungsi ameliorasi iklim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menata vegetasi berdasarkan iklim mikro dan persepsi pengunjung di Agrowisata Krakatau Steel Group Kota Cilegon. Penataan vegetasi dilakukan berdasarkan dari analisis iklim mikro di tiap plot pengamatan, evaluasi karakteristik fisik pohon, dan persepsi pengunjung, kemudian disintesis secara deskriptif kualitatif yang hasilnya berupa peta penataan kawasan. Kawasan Agrowisata akan dikelompokan ke dalam 3 zona yaitu zona intensif, semi-intensif dan tidak intensif. Vegetasi yang ditanam dalam zona intensif dilakukan dengan penanaman vegetasi jenis peneduh dan estetika. Zona semi intensif ditanam vegetasi dengan fungsi pemecah angin dan ameliorasi iklim mikro meliputi; peran reduktor polusi, peneduh, cadangan air serta penyerap kebisingan. Zona tidak intensif yang merupakan lahan terbangun dan area pertanian memperoleh saran perbaikan dari hasil wawancara pengunjung Agrowisata.
Base Deficit as a Predictor of Mortality in Sepsis and Septic Shock
Authors: Bhusal Laxman , Prasad Pratap Narayan , Shakya Yogendra Man , Acharya Ramesh Prasad
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Sepsis is a common problem encountered in emergency room which needs to be intervened early. It is always difficult to have quick prognostic marker of sepsis in busy emergency. So this study was conducted to determine whether base deficit can be used as an indicator of mortality among septic patients in emergency room setup like ours.

Methods: It was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study done at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu from March 2018 to December 2018. Acute physiology and chronic health Evaluation II score (APACHE II), Base deficit, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on first day of arrival in emergency room was calculated. The association of 28-day outcome with acute physiology and chronic Health Evaluation II score, Base deficit value and SOFA score were derived.

Results: Out of 229 patients with septic shock 62 died (27%) and among 71 patients without septic shock, 12 died (16.9%).Overall mortality was 24.66 % (n= 74).The area under the ROC curve for Base deficit(0.864;95% C.I.=0.822-0.906), APACHE II (0.782; 95% C.I=0.718-0.848, SOFA (0.689;95% C.I=0.620-0.757) were greater than 0.7 except for SOFA which signifies these test to have fair efficacy to predict mortality.

Conclusions: High base deficit value predicts mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock. The base deficit could be used as an alternate marker to predict mortality in septic patient. We recommend for large multicenter study with randomization so that the findings can be applied to general population and of different geographical situations.
Clinical Presentations of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Regular Haemodialysis Attending in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Emergency Services
Authors: Shrestha Tirtha Man , Prasad Pratap Narayan , Bhusal Laxman , Neupane Ram Prasad , Ghimire Rajan
Published: September 2019

Background: Chronic kidney disease is increasing day by day and so is condition of renal replacement therapy mainly hemodialysis. Emergency visit of the patients under maintenance hemodialysis is frequent. The objective of the study is to study clinical parameters of these patients so that in future these deranged parameters can be focused during patient management and decrease their emergency visit.

Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in emergency services of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from 1st May 2018 to 31st October 2018 among the adult chronic kidney disease patients under maintenance hemodialysis. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional review board, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University. Non-probability sampling method was used. Total of 300 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients’ age, sex, causes, laboratory parameter during emergency visit, need of emergency hemodialysis, and need of blood transfusion were studied.

Results: Out of total 300 patients, mean age was 45.64 years (S.D =17.15). 190 (63.3 %) were male and 110(36.70%) were female. 152(50.70%) of patients had hypertension.Diabetes and Glomerulonephritis both had equal prevalence of 63(21%). Mean hemoglobin was 6.52gm% (S.D = 1.93). Mean pH was 7.17 (S.D =0.154). Mean serum potassium and creatinine level were 5.77 mEq/L (S.D =0.76) and 1076.03 mmol/l (S.D =367.25) respectively. Area under the Receiver Operating Curve was 0.660 for potassium and 0.598 for serum creatinine.

Conclusion: Causes of chronic kidney disease, decreased hemoglobin level, increased serum creatinine and potassium level and metabolic acidosis are reasons of frequent emergency room visit among CKD patients. So these conditions need to be addressed to decrease emergency visit of these patients
Prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis-B, and Hepatitis-C among People with Injecting Drugs in Western Terai Highway districts, Nepal
Authors: Paudel Tarun , Rawal Bir , Deuba Keshab , Kakchapati Sampurna , Amgain Kapil , Sanjel Seshananda
Published: September 2019

Introduction: HIV epidemic has become the major problems among people with injecting drugs (PWIDs) in Nepal. The study was carried out to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS among PWIDs.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in male PWIDs of age more than 16 years residing in Western to Far West Terai Districts of Nepal who had been injecting drugs for three months prior to the date of the survey" March-April 2017. A two-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit 300 PWIDs from seven Districts. HIV was diagnosed by using standard techniques approved by WHO. Similarly, Syphilis was tested using the "Rapid Plasma Reagin" and Hepatitis C as well as Hepatitis B was tested by using rapid test kits. Demographic data were collected by using structured questionnaire and the data obtained were entered in MS excel was transformed into the SPSS version 21 for the descriptive as well as inferential analysis.

Results: Prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, and STI among PWIDs were 5.3%, 2.7%, 23.7%, and 2.0% respectively. Majority of the PWIDs were literate (93.7%) and their age was below 35

years. Among the married PWIDs, 32.4% had got married before the age of 19. Similarly, 53.7% of them were living with their female sexual partner, and 95.0% were living with their wife. Ninety six percent of the respondents reported to be ever involved in sexual activity, 77.1% of them initiated the sexual intercourse before the age of 20 years and 41.9% of them had more than one female sexual partner. The survey indicated that 36.3% had been injecting drugs for more than 5 years while 27.7% had been injecting for last 2-5 years and 55.0% of the respondents had injected for the first time at the age of 16-24 years. About one in 10 respondents had started injecting drugs recently.

Conclusion: There is high prevalence of HIV, HCV, HBV and active syphilis among the PWIDs. Co-infection of HIV and HCV as well as Hepatitis B and C were also prevalent among PWIDs. Comprehensive education and awareness program is required to reduce the prevalence.
Adolescent Pregnancy and its Outcome in a Rural Teaching Hospital, Karnali Academy of Health Science, Jumla
Authors: Rai Purnima , Sindan Namrata , Acharya Bishnu Dutta , Shah Rajiv , Shrestha Sandeep
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Nepal is a low socioeconomic country and adolescent pregnancy can have deleterious effects on health as well as social wellbeing of the mother, child and the community. The aim of this study was to find the frequency of teenage pregnancy and its outcomes in Karnali Academy of Health Science.

Method: This was a retrospective study conducted in Karnali Academy of Health Science, Jumla, Nepal. Data was collected from the hospital records from October 2017 to September 2018.

Result: The frequency of teenage pregnancy was 22.6% among total deliveries. Most of them were primigravida (84.9%). Majority of them were 18 years of age (47.5%). Caesarean section accounted for 10.8%. In perinatal outcome, the incidence of preterm birth was 15.1%, and extremely low birth weight was 2.2%, very low birth weight was 1.4% and low birth weight was 12.2%. Maternal complication accounted for 33.09%.

Conclusion: The study concluded that frequency of teenage pregnancy is considerably high and it is associated with increases risk of adverse outcome to both mother and newborn such as intrauterine fetal death, retained placenta, and malpresentations. Therefore, education and awareness can be helpful in reducing adolescent pregnancy and its adverse outcomes.
Nurses Knowledge on Management of Patient Receiving Spinal Anaesthesia in a Government Hospital
Authors: Rijal Elisha , Silwal Suvekshya , Thapa Sheela , Basnet Saraswati , Bhagat Subhadra
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Spinal Anaesthesia (SA) is a form of regional anaesthesia involving injection of a local anaesthetic into the subarachnoid space. SA is directly related to nervous system, so its mismanagement may cause various complications hence, prevention and management of complication is a vital and complex aspect of critical nursing care. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the nurse’s knowledge on the management of patient receiving spinal anaesthesia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among nurses of Koshi Zonal Hospital of Province no. 1, Biratnagar, Nepal from May to June 2017. Non-probability purposive sampling method was used where self-administered questionnaire was administered among 67 working nurses in the hospital.

Results: The majority of the respondents (77.6%) belonged to 20-30 years of age group, nearly half (44.8%) of the respondents had completed PCL nursing. Only 67.2% explained the meaning of anaesthesia, and 58.2% had knowledge on physiological changes after SA. Regarding ambulation and cause of backache, 29.9% had knowledge whereas only 20.9% had knowledge about management of post spinal backache. Respondents facing problem to manage the complication after SA was 13.4%. This study also found that the overall knowledge regarding SA was adequate among 80.6% respondents.

Conclusion: Nurses as the key personnel in management and prevention of complication, the obtained result was below the desired competence level among working nurses as it is the vital aspect of critical nursing care.
Comparison of High Resolution Computed Tomography with Intraoperative Findings in Patient with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Rokaya Yagya Bahadur , Shahi Prakash
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an important cause of middle ear disease and its complications challenge both otologist and radiologist. The major benefit of HRCT is an excellent visualization of the osseous structure by means of special algorithms. This study compares the HRCT with intraoperative findings in patients with CSOM.

Methods: This is an observational descriptive study conducted at NAMS Bir Hospital. Total of 30 patients, referred for HRCT from the department of ENT were studied. Comparison of HRCT findings was done with intraoperative findings regarding the status of EAC, ossicular chain, bony plate, inner ear structure and facing nerve canal was done, considering intraoperative findings as the gold standard.

Results: Out of 30 patients, 16 patients had CSOM with cholesteatoma and 14 patients had CSOM without cholesteatoma. HRCT presented sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 87.5%, 85.7%, 87.5%, 85.7% and 86.7% respectively in diagnosing CSOM with cholesteatoma. HRCT presented sensitivity and specificity of 85.7% and 87.5% in identification of malleus erosion, sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 80%, in the identification of incus erosion. HRCT showed the specificity of 85% with relatively low sensitivity of 70% in identification of erosion of stapes. HRCT showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85.7%. HRCT presented sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 95.8% in diagnosing tegmen tympanum erosion. HRCT showed the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) in diagnosing erosion of sigmoid sinus plate and mastoid cortex. HRCT showed relatively low sensitivity of 66.7% and 75% in diagnosing erosion of LSCC and facial canal respectively. HRCT detected soft tissue mass in the middle ear/mastoid in all 30 patients of CSOM. Hence, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of HRCT for soft tissue mass in the middle ear and mastoid, all were 100%.

Conclusion: The HRCT has a valuable role in preoperative evaluation of a case of CSOM. It has high sensitivity in diagnosing CSOM with cholesteatoma. However, HRCT has relatively low sensitivity for LSCC and facial nerve canal erosion.
Anesthetic Management of Humerus Fracture with Multiple Trauma and Pneumothorax
Authors: Gyawali Nirmal Kumar , Sharma Prastuti
Published: September 2019

Background: Trauma is a significant health problem and a leading cause of death in all age group.

Methodology: In this study we describe anesthetic management of poly trauma with pneumthorax in a 55 years old male with humerus fracture.

Result: Patient with multiple trauma with pneumothorax was safely anaesthesized with regional anesthesia. This procedure also prevented progression of pneumothorax to tension pneumothorax.

Conclusion: Regional anesthesia is a safe alternative of general anesthesia in case of patient with pneumothorax for the upper limb surgery.
The Transplant Surgeon: An Unlikely, Yet Suitably Qualified, Member of The Complex Neuro Endocrine Multi-Disciplinary Team
Authors: Shapey IM , Ball S , Mastan A , Summers A , Griffiths Alexandra , Dellen D van , Augustine T , Moinuddin Z
Published: September 2019

Curative surgery for retro-peritoneal tumours involving vascular structures is challenging and multi-visceral resection is often required to obtain clear resection margins. Abdominal transplant surgeons have considerable experience in all aspects of visceral, vascular and retro-peritoneal surgery. Application of these skills to resect tumours involving vascular structures, and re-implant organs to preserve function is unique. We present the case of a 15- year old girl with a complex retro-peritoneal tumour which was resected en-bloc with the kidneys and vena-cava followed by auto-transplantation of the left kidney. Seven years later, the patient represented with a recurrent tumour which was successfully excised in its entirety. We discuss how innovative surgical strategies can be performed safely on an individualized basis. We highlight the importance of balancing the benefits of the ‘technically possible procedure’ with its risks, along with consideration of the outcomes of treatment and non-treatment alike.
The bottom sediment suspension under irregular surface wave
Authors: Divinsky B. V. , Kosyan R. D.
Published: September 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of the of the maximum mutual energy influence of the irregular surface wave spectrum shape on the bottom sediment suspension. Features of the energy frequency distribution of synchronous fluctuations of the series of water flow velocity and concentration of suspended particles are analyzed. It is shown, that in a wide range of passing waves the maximum mutual energy of the synchronous oscillation velocities spectrum and concentrations may occur at low and at high frequencies. In the narrow spectrum of synchronous fluctuations, the maximum mutual energy dominates in the area of basic energy frequency. It is, also, shown, that the geometric shape of the wave groups has a direct impact on the intensity of the suspension. In groups of waves with a symmetrical profile, suspension is more intense compared to groups with a pronounced spatial asymmetry.
Contribution of ion-exchange transformation of the adsorbed complex of atmospheric aerosols to the formation of seawater salt composition
Authors: Savenko V. S. , Savenko A. V.
Published: September 2019

Data on the total exchange capacity and composition of the adsorbed complex of terrigenous aerosols generated in arid and semiarid regions of the earth were summarized. It was calculated that as a result of change in composition of the adsorbed complex of aerosols occurring during their interaction with seawater, 2.64–4.86 million tons/year of dissolved Ca2+ are additionally enters into the ocean and 2.45–4.51, 0.73–1.34, and 0.08–0.14 million tons/year of dissolved Na+, K+, and Mg2+, respectively, are removed.
The content of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in deep-water biocenoses of coralline algae of the South China sea
Authors: Cherbadgy I. I. , Propp L. N.
Published: September 2019

The study on the influence of the depth of habitation on the content of organic carbon (Corg), organic and mineral forms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the biocenosis of coralline algae, was carried out in spring in the South China Sea at depths of 5 to 150 m. It was shown that with an increase in depth to 150 m, the content of Corg in the tissues decreased from 72 to 42 g/m2. The content of N also decreased with depth, but to a lesser extent — from 15 to 10 g/m2, while the content of P increased linearly from 0.75 to 4.29 g/m2. The atomic ratio C/N/P in the biocenosis at depths of 5–10 m does not vary significantly and is on the average 187:31:1, which is comparable to the mean values obtained for mass species of reef-building corals. Unlike organic carbon and nitrogen, the phosphorus content in the algal biocenosis increased with depth more than 5 times. Correspondingly, the C/N/P ratio becomes 24:5:1 at a depth of 150 m. Such depth-dependent increase in the proportion of phosphorus in the biocenosis, with a simultaneous decline in the contents of organic carbon and, to a lesser extent, nitrogen, can be explained by release of phosphorus during destruction of the organic matter in the biocoenosis of coralline algae with the formation of insoluble calcium phosphates.
The scleractinian corals live in Arctica and in high latitude of North Atlantic
Authors: Keller N. B. , Oskina N. S. , Savilova T. A.
Published: September 2019

Only two species of Scleractinian corals dwell Arctic ocean, to the west of Barents Sea: Lophelia pertusa (Linné, 1758) and Flabellum macandrewi (Gray,1849). The geographic distribution of the first of them is cosmopolitan, the next lives only in Atlantic ocean. Our analysis of hydrodynamics situation in which this species inhabit lead us to conclusion, that for corals L. pertusa, which dwell on the coarse ground, the high mobile water is favorable. The species Fl. macandrewi, which lives on loose deposit, also be under the sway of the influence of the power water flows, which break their fragile skeleton. But their uncommon capability for quick skeleton regeneration permit them adapt to that disturb situation. We state one opinion that the presence of corals Fl. macandrewi may be one marker of aggressive dynamical waters. In the central parts of North Atlantic the Scleractinian corals are completely absent. The cause of it consist in geological youth of this region, in higher percent of fresh water and also in intensive development of phytoplankton.
Mineralogical characteristic of quaternary sediments (sand fraction) from the southern extremity of the Chukchi plateau, Arctic ocean
Authors: Kolesnik O. N. , Kolesnik A. N. , Vologina E. G. , Maryash A. A.
Published: September 2019

The data on mineralogical analysis of fine sand fractions in sediments accumulated in the southern part of the Chukchi Plateau during the Quaternary are presented. The associations and downcore distribution of the rock-forming and accessory minerals in relation to other characteristics are considered. The established climatically controlled mineralogical features, i. e. periodicity of warmings and coolings, can be used in solving a number of genetic problems, stratigraphic subdivision of sediments and paleoreconstructions.
Promoting Latino self-management through use of information visualizations: A case study in New York City
Authors: Bakken Suzanne , Arcia Adriana , Woollen Janet
Published: September 2019

Social determinants of health, including low health literacy and limited English proficiency, and other factors place Latinos at high risk for health disparities related to chronic diseases. Such diseases require self-management skills as well as medical management. Well-designed visualizations are suitable for visualizing data related to self-management because they can help narrow the comprehension gap between individuals with low and high levels of health literacy by leveraging existing visual analysis skills while reducing the demand on literacy and numeracy competencies. Use of information visualizations also supports a common visual representation across languages to address limited English proficiency. This report illustrates the use of information visualizations for communication related to self-management through research-based case examples and summarizes key lessons from studies with Latinos in New York City.
The wake project: Improving safe sleep practices in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Uduwana S. , Garcia L. , Nemerofsky S.L.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Every year, about 50 babies in New York City die from a sleep-related injury. The Bronx County ranked second highest rate of sleep-related infant deaths (SRID) at 0.5 per 1000 among the other boroughs. The highest rate was among blacks and the rate of SRID cases were highest in our population at 0.97 (zip code 10466) among all other Bronx neighborhoods which comprises 77% of non-Hispanic black population. Further, Bronx has the highest preterm birth rate at 9.5%. This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to develop and implement an educational initiative on infant safe sleep (SS) to improve “Safe Sleep Practices (SSP) in a level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for one of the highest risk populations in the country.

METHODS:

Baseline data was collected prior to initiating the QI project. Multiple plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles were completed over a 12 month period. Run charts were utilized to identify improvement and guide interventions. These interventions included education for nurses, crib cards, posters, feedback forms, grand rounds and small group discussions.

RESULTS:

Approximately 600 crib checks (CC) were performed over the duration of this project. At baseline, 7% of infants were placed in a SS position in the NICU. Following the QI project, SS position increased to 96% of infants.

CONCLUSION:

Multifactorial interventions significantly improved SS compliance among NICU nurses. Cultivating personal motivation among nurses, consistent empowerment and dedication to culture change by the entire team was crucial for the sustainability of the project.
STRUKTUR CINCIN DALAM AL-QUR’AN (Perspektif Orientalis - Nicolai Sinai)
Authors: Tilawati Anis
Published: September 2019

Sejak al-Qur’an diturunkan hingga dewasa ini, kajian tentang susunan bahasa al-Qur’an masih terus menjadi bahan diskusi yang menarik. Salah satu hasil diskusi tersebut adalah dari kalangan ilmuwan modern yang belakangan menemukan sebuah struktur al-Qur’an dengan sebutan ring structure. Struktur ini dipopulerkan oleh Raymond Farrin dan Michel Cuypers melalui karya mereka yang kemudian direview oleh seorang orientalis bernama Nicolai Sinai. Ring Structure atau struktur cincin di sini merupakan sebuah struktur al-Qur’an yang dibangun atas susunan koherensi ayat dan surah yang membentuk lingkaran dengan inti di tengahnya sebagaimana bentuk cincin. Sinai melakukan kritik atas teori struktur cincin al-Qur’an yang ditawarkan Farrin dan Cuypers melalui sebuah artikel review. Penulis dalam hal ini mencoba menganalisa pemikiran Sinai dalam kritiknya tersebut, dengan kata lain penulis menggunakan metode explanatory analysis dalam tulisan ini. Hasil temuannya adalah bahwa Nicolai Sinai menganggap struktur cincin al-Qur’an yang mereka tawarkan terlalu berlebihan karena ia menemukan beberapakali Cuypers ataupun Farrin kehilangan dalam analisanya. Tidak hanya sebatas mengkritik, tetapi kemudian Sinai menawarkan sebuah struktur al-Qur’an yang menurutnya lebih sesuai dibandingkan dengan ring structure. Sinai juga mencoba mengaplikasikan struktur al-Qur’an tersebut pada beberapa ayat dan surah dalam al-Qur’an, salah satunya pada surah An-Najm.
KHUSYUK DALAM ALQURAN (KajianTemtatik)
Authors: Sari Lia Mega
Published: September 2019

Khusyuk merupakan hal dasar yang harus diterapkan dalam menjalankan berbagai hal,terutama dalam salat, begitu juga dalam berbaga iaktifitas sehari-hari. Melihat pentingnya pengetahuan tentang konsep khusyuk,maka tulisan ini akan membahas khusyuk dalam alquran dan para mufasir, serta berbagai cara untuk dapat mencapai kekhusyukan tersebut. Hasil dari pembahasan ini adalah bahwa kata khusyuk dalam Alquran ditemukan sebanyak 17 kali dalam bentuk kata yang berbeda-beda, mayoritas lafal khusyuk ditujukan kepada manusia namun ada juga sebagian ayat yang ditujukan kepada benda-benda yang lain seperti gunung dan bumi. Dari berbagai pengertian dari kata khusyuk secara global arti khusyukmerujuk kepada merendahkan diri,dalam artian bahwa khusyuk adalah merasa bahwa dirinya tunduk dan merendahkan diri ketika berada dihadapan Tuhannya.Khusyuk tempatnya di dalam hati,apabila hati khusyuk maka seluruh anggota tubuh akan khusyuk karena kekhusyukan hatinya. Kekhusyukan seseorang tidak dapat dinilai dari gerakan ataupun prilakunya, karena tempatkhusyuk di hati bukan di gerakan.
DISSEMINATED HERPES ZOSTER IN A 9-MONTH-OLD INFANT
Authors: AJ Adelia Martalova. , Alexandra Lidya , Pemayun Tjokorda Dalem
Published: September 2019

Herpes Zoster (HZ) or shingles is a clinical manifestation caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV). HZ is rarely happening in children, and its incidence increases with age. We report a 9-month-old baby boy with disseminated HZ. There were grouped vesicles on an erythematous base scattered in several dermatomes with dominant lesions in C5-C7 dermatomes. Complete blood count were within the normal limits. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology was negative both in mother and baby. Patient was treated with 150 mg oral acyclovir 4 times a day for 5 days. The infant experienced significant improvement and recovered completely without sequelae.
HENOCH-SCHÖNLEIN PURPURA: A CASE REPORT OF AN EIGHT-YEARS-OLD BOY
Authors: Primasari Putu Yunita
Published: September 2019

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) is one of the most common causes of small vessel vasculitis mediated by immunoglobulin (Ig) A deposition in children. We present a case of HSP in an eight years old boy with cutaneous, abdomen and joint manifestation of the disease. He had history of upper respiratory tract infection couple weeks before. Physical examination showed erythematous, palpable, purpuric rashes on his both legs and buttocks. Mild bilateral non pitting edema was present over both the legs. Complete blood count (CBC) test revealed thrombocytosis and slightly leukocytosis with neutrophil predominate. The case was treated with oral methylprednisolone for seven days and showed a good outcome.

Keywords: Children, Henoch- Schönlein purpura, HSP
STUDY OF CASES OF ARM IN RURAL POPULATION
Authors: Maheshwari Dr Mayur , Gothwal Dr Jitendra , Patel Dr Manish , Gupta Dr Ravi
Published: September 2019

introduction

Anorectal malformations (ARMs) comprise a spectrum of birth defects in newborn male and female children which include rectum, anal canal, genitalia and urinary tract. ARMs incidence ranging 1:2000-5000 live birth.1,2The spectrum of ARM varies from mild anterior displacement of anus to complex anomalies such as cloacal exstrophy.[4] The main goal of management is correct diagnosis and surgery so as to achieve good anatomic and functional outcome so that a child can lead his or her life as normal as possible.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

All children of pediatric age group from 0 to 15 years admitted in surgical wards and/or pediatric wad of Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Indore with diagnosis of Anorectal Malformations who will undergo all stage of treatment and follow-up. This was prospective and observational study.

DISCUSSION

The management of infants with ARM continues to be a challenge to pediatric surgeons, worldwide. For better results, precise anatomical reconstruction and careful preservation of Structure is required. ARM being a complex group of disorders, is not easy to diagnose at primary healthcare level. The social awareness about the disease is low and it also varies with Sex of child, place of living and education of parents.

CONCLUSION  Anorectal malformation is a surgically treatable entity. Early restorative surgery leads to good outcome. Time being the essence, awareness about the condition, hospital delivery and detailed neonatal examination is advisable. In developing countries like India, where illiteracy and poverty are prevalent and where there is neglect of female child, early diagnosis and referral to specialty centres for surgery is always commendable in terms of social acceptance and a sound psyche.
RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC FOOT AND LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION
Authors: Prakash Dr. Uday , Durgeshwar Dr. Kumar , Das Dr.R.K. , Chaudhary Dr. Lalji
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is the major cause of hospitalization for diabetes-related complications. Protective sensation loss and impaired vision increase the susceptibility for minor feet trauma, which results in diabetic foot ulceration with or without subsequent infection. Peripheral arterial disease is a major cause of impaired ulcer, wound healing and gangrenous diabetic foot. The most important intervention to prevent diabetic foot ulceration and its consequences is early recognition of high-risk patients and their risk factors and referral to appropriate medical departments. There are various risk factors for major lower extremity amputations related to diabetic foot, which includes microvascular diseases, infections, long duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, peripheral arterial disease, old age and associated cardiovascular comorbidities.

Material and Methods: This study was done on the review of medical records of consecutive type 2 diabetic patients. Admitted patients were treated and managed according to the standard protocol of the hospital. History, clinical and physical examination were carried out on each patient. Ulcer characteristics like infection and depth of the ulcer, site of ulcer were assessed. Associated diabetic neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease was assessed by a clinical method. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, duration of diabetes, diabetic control therapy, associated hypertension, cardiac diseases were recorded. The glycated haemoglobin level (HbA1c) were recorded.

Results: A total of 128 patients with diabetic foot were included in the study of which 76(59.4%) were male and 52(40.6%) were female. Of the 76 male 6 (4.7%) had major amputation and out of 52 female 4(3.1%) had major amputation, thus total number of major amputations were 10(7.8%). Statistically significant difference was observed in HbA1C and duration of diabetes group in amputation. High HbA1C and more duration of diabetes was associated with the higher number of amputation. The rate of amputation was much higher among patients hypertension, smoking, cardiac diseases and stroke. Conclusion: Poor glycemic controls and duration of diabetes are the important independent risk factors for diabetes-related major lower extremity amputations.

Keywords: DFS, BMI, smkoing, DM
STUDY OF ALTERED GLUCOSE LEVELS IN CASES OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE AND ITS EFFECT ON PROGNOSIS
Authors: Mathew Dr. Sunil I
Published: September 2019

IntroductionGlobally about 20 million people suffer from stroke each year. Stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death. The risk factors causing stroke are high blood pressure, high blood, tobacco smoking, obesity cholesterol, diabetes mellitus and previous Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA).Objectives: To determine the association of stress hyperglycemia at admission with outcome of acute ischemic strokeMaterials and Methods: A study was done at Thiruvalla, Kerala for a period of one year. All new cases of cerebral infarction admitted comprised of 70 cases, 35 each in Euglycemia and Stress hyperglycemia group who were classified at the time of admission based on random blood glucose estimation with the features of stroke. All necessary investigations for the work-up of case required were done. Glasgow Outcome Score for the assessment of recovery in patients was scored, based on National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on day 1, at the time of discharge and then again on day 30 to assess the clinical outcome. Standard descriptive statistics were used to report the data. Fisher's exact test and Students t test were used to compare the two groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was done.Result: Patients with stress hyperglycemia were found to have increased NIHSS scores on admission and this was more prominent at time of discharge on compared to euglycemic group. Poor recovery was associated with small and medium infarct size in stress hyperglycemia. However, prognosis worsened if size of infarct increased in both groups.Conclusion: Adequate control of blood glucose levels should be maintained immediately during admission and during follow-up to improve prognosis.Keywords: Stroke, Glucose levels, Prognosis
A STUDY OF MODIFIED DECAF SCORE IN PREDICTING HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Prakash Dr. Sumit , Jain Dr. Shruti , Singh Dr. Lalit , Tandon Dr. Rajeev
Published: September 2019

Background:  COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and results in an economic and social burden that is both substantial and increasing .The modified DECAF score was derived for accurate prediction of mortality and risk stratification to inform patient care.

Methods: Hospital based descriptive type of observational study was. After applying inclusion and exclusion criterias, study population for acute exacerbation of COPD was selected. Admission clinical data, including modified DECAF indices, and mortality were recorded.

Results: In our study there was a statistically significant value (p <0.05) between grade of dyspnea, respiratory acidosis (pH < 7.30) and frequency of admission in the Modified DECAF score and in-hospital mortality of Acute Exacerbation of COPD. There was insignificant relationship between Eosinopenia & consolidation and in hospital mortality

 Conclusion-We concluded that the Modified DECAF score is a powerful score to predict in hospital mortality from AECOPD.

Keywords: COPD, DECAF, Exacerbations, Modified DECAF.
树立大学生民族文化自信的思考
Authors: 唐 贵宏
Published: September 2019

习近平在十九大报告中指出：“文化兴国运兴,文化强民族强。没有高度的文化自信,没有文化的繁荣兴盛,就没有中华民族伟大复兴,要坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路,激发全民族文化创新创造活力,建设社会主义文化强国,坚定文化自信,推动社会主义文化繁荣兴盛。”由此可见,文化自信在我国的发展中扮演着重要的角色,是实现中华民族伟大复兴的重要推动力量。大学生作为社会发展的中坚力量,其身份具有特殊性,因此,大学生怎样树立文化自信成为了新时代不可回避的课题。本文对当前大学生树立文化自信存在的问题与挑战进行分析,并提出几点对策。
信息化背景的图书资料管理方法研究
Authors: 钟 敏
Published: September 2019

近年来,随着信息全球化时代的来临,信息化工程建设成为当前人们社会中的热门话题。这种信息化社会背景下,传统的图书资料管理模式已经无法进一步满足新时代的发展需求,因此必须要运用合理的手段将信息技术应用在图书资料管理中。将信息化这一技术应用到图书资料的管理中,有利于提高工作质量和效率,大大降低了工作难度,简化工作量并节省时间。本文对比分析信息化图书资料管理与传统图书资料管理,针对出现的问题提出相应的解决策略。
独立学院档案学专业教学改革探讨——以苏州大学文正学院为例
Authors: 张 明 , 吴 琳月
Published: September 2019

独立学院是以培养适应经济社会发展的高素质应用型人才为目标,其教学模式与普通高校有一定的差异性,在提升学生理论水平的同时,更需加强学生实践能力的培养。档案学专业是一门实践性很强的学科,需要不断创新教学模式,培养具有高素质的专门人才。本文以苏州大学文正学院档案学专业为例,通过课程设置、教学方式、实践教学、师资队伍等四个方面的现状分析,为独立学院档案学专业教学改革提出相关建议。
高中数学教育教学观念的转变路径解析
Authors: 童 延霞
Published: September 2019

随着新课改的日渐深入,高中数学教师在教育教学的过程中应积极转变传统的数学教育理念,引进更加科学和先进的教学资源,同时转变传统的教学理念和教学模式,提高教学质量,培养学生的数学思维,促进学生的全面发展。本文主要分析了高中数学教育教学观念转变路径,以供参考。
基于大数据的大学生就业指导分析
Authors: 王 海珍
Published: September 2019

随着大数据技术的不断成熟,高等院校的服务、管理与教育工作在模式方法上有了更加大多元化的选择,在大学生就业指导方面有着巨大的应用潜力。因此,本文详细介绍了基于大数据的大学生就业指导工作模式,并就有关问题提出了相应的建议。
现代学徒制教学运行质量评价体系探讨——以宁夏工商职业技术学院为例
Authors: 张 源淳 , 孙 帮华
Published: September 2019

本文从我院开展现代学徒制的基本情况出发,阐述了宁夏工商职业技术学院电气与控制工程学院机电一体化技术专业开展现代学徒制试点工作教学运行质量评价体系的基本做法进行论述。
城市书房引领新型阅读模式
Authors: 顾 丽赟
Published: September 2019

党的十九大报告明确提出：完善公共文化服务体系,深入实施文化惠民工程,丰富群众性文化活动。城市书房是与公共文化服务体系发展相适应的公共文化布局、服务以及环境的转型升级,改变了传统城市以市中心图书馆为核心的文化格局模式,适应了当前人们追求快节奏、高品质生活与优雅阅读氛围的愿望,同时又通过现代化的高效服务、优越的环境提升了公共图书馆的服务效益,为我国城市公共阅读空间发展带来了新方向。全民阅读需要系统的公共文化资源体系支撑,地方公共图书馆是支撑全民阅读与公共文化服务体系建设的主体骨架,而城市书房则是“干细胞”工程,是公共文化服务体系的“毛细血管”。
解读乔姆斯基的“代词(主语)脱落参数”
Authors: 王 鑫
Published: September 2019

本文对乔姆斯基的“代词(主语)脱落参数”理论进行解读,分析其理论中代词脱落类语言所具备的特点,并对其给与简单评价,指出虽有不充分之处,但对人类语言机制的研究贡献巨大的力量。
初中化学生活化教学“三部曲”
Authors: 秦 颖
Published: September 2019

初中化学教学如何发挥教师主导作用,启迪学生自致其知,把握课前导入、课堂探究、课外延伸生活化教学“三部曲”至关重要。课前引入源于生活事例,使学生在熟悉的生活场景中认识问题；课堂上引导学生通过生活经验探究知识点,立足于问题学习化学知识；最后指导学生将所学知识运用于生活实际,提高分析问题解决问题的能力,最终达到提高学生学科素养的目的。
基于核心素养下小学体育课堂开展道德教育的探索
Authors: 钦 铭锋
Published: September 2019

在体育与健康课堂上进行道德教育,利用课堂实践的特定情景和条件下有意的训练与长期的培养,帮助学生形成良好的体育道德,既能保障课堂教学的顺利开展又能提高课堂教学效果。有目的地渗透体育道德教育,培养、塑造学生的体育道德,从而培养学生具备适应终身发展和社会发展需要的必备品格和关键能力,最终促进建立核心素养和社会主义核心价值观。
农村小学生源减少的原因及学校发展的前景研究——以M县为例
Authors: 巴 晓萍
Published: September 2019

生源是决定学校生死存亡的关键因素,农村小学生源减少是内外力多方作用下产生的必然结果。研究农村小学生源减少的原因及对策可以为解决农村学校发展前景、缩小城乡教育差距、均衡教育资源分配等方面提供参考依据。因此,本文通过实证调查,深刻剖析了M县农村小学生源减少的原因,并根据收集到的材料对该问题提出了解决策略。
论法治思维与高校管理
Authors: 熊 慧珺
Published: September 2019

在法制的前提下,依法治校已成为高校管理的必然需求。在作为社会综合体之一的高校管理过程当中,法治思维至关重要、不可或缺,作为高校管理工作的重要基础规范与实施保障,其具有着法制建设的必要性与紧迫性。本文就此对法治思维与高校管理进行了阐述与探讨。
Validation of Pin Power Calculations Using DYN3D on MIDICORE Benchmark
Authors: Kuchyn O. , Ovdiienko I. , Khalimonchuk V. , Ieremenko M.
Published: September 2019

Three-dimensional code DYN3D is widely used for the calculation of steady states and transients in light water reactors with hexagonal fuel assemblies like VVER. The capability of pin-by-pin power calculation is implemented in the code through an intranodal power reconstruction approach. The calculations of pin power distribution using DYN3D were performed for AER MIDICORE benchmark for the validation of given extension and developed cross-section library. MIDICORE VVER-1000 core periphery power distribution benchmark was proposed on the 20th Symposium of AER. It is a 2D calculation benchmark based on the VVER-1000 core cold state geometry taking into account the geometry of explicit radial reflector. The main issue of MIDICORE benchmark is to provide the reference solution for the validation of pin-by-pin power distribution at the VVER-1000 core periphery calculated by few-group diffusion codes.

Various 3D neutron kinetics nodal solvers HEXNEM1, HEXNEM2 and HEXNEM3 are used in DYN3D for neutron flux distribution calculation. The AER MIDICORE benchmark was solved using all solvers implemented in DYN3D with regard to the three most representative fuel assemblies. Considered fuel assemblies are placed both in the inner part and in the peripheral part of the core, and contain the pin with integrated gadolinium burnable absorber. This paper provides results of comparing the effective multiplication factor, assembly-wise power distribution and pin-by-pin power distribution calculated by DYN3D with benchmark data.
Modification of Cable Insulation Characteristics Using Nanocomposites for the Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: El-Sayed Soliman A. Said , El Saeed Abdul El-Aziz Othman , Reda Ezz-eldin Mohamed , Howayda Galal A.M Taha , Walaa Abd-Elmonem El-kattan
Published: September 2019

Nowadays, the nuclear power plant (NPP) lifetime can be extended to 80 years. This allows recommending the modifications in some properties of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation. This work is laboratory implementation of nanofillers such as silicon dioxide (SiO2) and clay to enhance cable insulation. The volume resistivity, capacitance, dielectric loss, tensile strength and elongation properties were tested and measured for the nanosized samples. Furthermore, these measurements were carried out for modified XLPE/SiO2 and XLPE/clay samples with additive concentration of 1, 2.5, 4 and 5 weight percentage (wt. %). The officially documented results showed much better cable electrical insulation and mechanical profile. 205% and 189% improvement in volume resistivity was observed for XLPE/SiO2 and XLPE/clay, respectively. The analytical calculations were in agreement with the experimental results.