bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Pediatric Cardiology Fellows to Communicate Serious News: A Pilot Study
Authors: Crafts Lauren S. , Teng Christopher , Irwin Margaret , Feraco Angela M. , Lawton Andrew J. , Snaman Jennifer M. , Blume Elizabeth D. , Ronai Christina
Published: July 2024

Background Pediatric cardiology fellows often deliver serious news to families. Effective clinician-patient communication is the basis of strong therapeutic relationships and improves health outcomes, increases patient adherence, and enhances patient satisfaction. Communication training improves physicians’ communication skills, ability to deliver serious news, and meet the informational and emotional needs of patients and family members. However, there is little data surrounding pediatric cardiology fellows competencies or training in communication skills.Methods Pediatric cardiology fellows participated in a 3-hour communication training session. The session used VitalTalk methodology and was facilitated by two VitalTalk facilitators. Fellows spent 1 hour learning the skills of delivering serious news and responding to emotion and 2 hours in role play with standardized actors followed by a brief group wrap-up activity. Participants took an anonymous, electronic pre- and post-survey as well as an 8-month follow-up survey via REDCap. Participants were asked about their preparedness and comfort performing certain communication skills and leading challenging conversations specific to pediatric cardiology. Response options utilized a combination of 0 (low comfort/preparedness) to 100 (high comfort/preparedness) point scales and multiple choice.Results 9 fellows participated in the training and 100% completed all three surveys. Eight were first-year fellows and 1 was a third-year fellow. Finding the right words, balancing honesty with hope, and clinical and prognostic uncertainty were the top three factors that contributed to making conversations difficult. Following the course, there was a significant increase in fellow preparedness to communicate a new diagnosis of congenital heart disease, discuss poor prognoses, check understanding, and respond to emotion as well as an increase in fellow comfort responding to emotions. Four fellows reported using the skills from this training course in various clinical settings at 8-month follow up.Conclusions Communicating serious news effectively is a skill that can be learned in a sustainable way and is essential in the field of pediatric cardiology. Our study demonstrates that an interactive, VitalTalk course can improve preparedness and comfort to deliver serious news in a cohort of pediatric cardiology trainees. Future studies are needed to evaluate translation of skills to clinical practice and durability of these skills in larger cohorts.
Validation of CASPRI, GO-FAR, PIHCA scores in predicting favorable neurological outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest; A five year three center retrospective study.
Authors: Alamuti Fateme safari , Hosseinigolafshani Seyedehzahra , Ranjbaran Mehdi , Yekefallah Leili
Published: July 2024

Background
Predicting neurological outcomes following in-hospital cardiac arrest is crucial for guiding subsequent clinical treatments. This study seeks to validate the effectiveness of the CASPRI, GO-FAR, and PIHCA tools in predicting favorable neurological outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Method
This retrospective study utilized a Utstein-style structured form to review the medical records of patients who experienced in-hospital cardiac arrest between March 2018 and March 2022. Predictors were examined using multivariable logistic regression, and the validity of the tools was assessed using ROC curves. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 software.
Results
Out of the 1100 patients included in the study, 42 individuals (3.8%) achieved a favorable neurological outcome. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, respiratory failure, resuscitation shift, duration of renal failure, and CPC score 24 hours before cardiac arrest were significantly associated with favorable neurological outcomes. The predictive abilities of the CASPRI, GO-FAR, and PIHCA scores were calculated as 0.99 (95% CI, 0.98-1.00), 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97–0.99), and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94–0.99) respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in the predictive abilities of the CASPRI and PIHCA scores (P = 0.001), while the difference between CASPRI and GO-FAR did not reach significance (P = 0.057). Additionally, there was no significant difference between the predictive abilities of GO-FAR and PIHCA scores (P = 0.159)
Conclusion
The study concludes that CASPRI and GO-FAR scores show strong potential as objective measures for predicting favorable neurological outcomes post-cardiac arrest. Integrating these scores into clinical decision-making may enhance treatment and care strategies, in the Iranian healthcare context.
Effect of heat treatment and electromagnetic forming on springback and properties of 7075 aluminum alloy sheet
Authors: Du Zhihao , Han Yanbin , Han Dong , Zhang Haibao , Mao Xiaobo , Zhang Yinuo , Zhang Zhao , Cui Xiaohui
Published: July 2024

7075 aluminum alloy is widely used in aerospace-related applications due to its high specific strength and good corrosion resistance; however, it is difficult to deform 7075 aluminum alloy at room temperature. In this paper, we investigate the mechanical and corrosion properties and springback characteristics of 7075 aluminum alloy after electromagnetic forming and heat treatment. The 7075 aluminum alloy subject to different pre-natural aging conditions was deformed via electromagnetically assisted stamping; the part was then subject to a second natural aging process. After a total natural aging time of 3 h, the parts were artificially aging at 120°C. It was found that the peak time of artificial aging (18 h) was not affected by the various pre-natural aging procedures and electromagnetic forming. The intergranular corrosion depths were found to be 92.6 and 5.4 µm for parts subject to peak artificial aging and retrogression and re-aging (RRA). This is because the grain boundary contains regions of continuous η phase and the cubic texture of the material is weak under peak aging. However, grain boundaries were found to exhibit discontinuous η phases, and the cubic texture of the material was enhanced after the RRA processing.
The Relationship between Complete Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Biomarkers and Current Asthma among Adolescents and Children in the USA: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiumin , Wang Jingcai , Yang Juan , Guo Cuicui , Wang Dan , Lv Xueyun , Qin Daogang , Zhang Xiaolan
Published: July 2024

Background
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. Inflammatory indicators seem to serve as efficient indicators for evaluating and targeting therapies for asthma, however there is a lack of airway inflammation markers in children.
Objective
This study was developed to explore the association between inflammatory biomarkers derived from a complete blood count (CBC) and current asthma prevalence among American children and adolescents helping the diagnosis and management of asthma in this population.
Methods
This cross-sectional analysis based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) evaluated 10,938 adolescents and children from the USA. Analyzed CBC-derived inflammatory biomarkers calculated for all participants included the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII). Analyses were conducted through multiple logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses.
Results
Among analyzed subjects, 10.6% exhibited current asthma (56.6% male, 43.4% female). Relative to subjects in the lowest quartile, those in the highest and second highest quartiles for NLR (Q3: OR = 1.33 [1.09–1.61], P = 0.004; Q4: OR = 1.28 [1.05–1.57], P = 0.016), SIRI (Q3:OR = 1.37[1.13–1.65], P = 0.001; Q4:OR = 1.23[1.02–1.5], P = 0.035), and SII (Q3: OR = 1.21[1-1.47], P = 0.045; Q4:OR = 1.24[1.02–1.5], P = 0.027), presented with a greater risk of current asthma following adjustment for confounding factors.
Conclusion
These results suggest that inflammatory biomarkers which can be computed from CBC results (NLR, SIRI, SII) are all associated with a greater risk of current asthma among American adolescents and children.
Experimental study on movement characteristics and influence factors of submarine landslide triggered by earthquake
Authors: Zhang Min , Cai Shuai , Cai Yuelou , Shen Shiwei , Xu Yan , Dai Shulin
Published: July 2024

Earthquake-induced submarine landslides are destructive mass movement events impacting many marine environments. In this study, a novel vibrating flume tank was developed to study the macroscopic phenomenon of submarine landslide movement triggered by earthquakes. The results showed the movement of the sliding body has the characteristics of periodic and intermittent flow. The sliding body strikes the structure on the slope, and the force of the structure quickly reaches its peak value, then fluctuates near that value for a period of time before decreasing rapidly. A higher clay content enhanced the plastic deformation of the sliding body and the movement velocity of the sliding body was reduced. When the earthquake vibration frequency increased, the average velocity of the sliding body increased. The electrolyte in seawater enhances the water pressure and plays the role of lubricant. As the electrolyte concentration in the seawater increased, the velocity of the sliding body movement increased accordingly due to the lower friction. When the seabed slope gradient increased, the erosion effect of the sliding body on the seabed slope became stronger. As the volume of the sliding body increased, the movement velocity increased. This research can provide a basis for evaluating the hazards of submarine landslides, which is of great significance for preventing and avoiding disasters caused by submarine landslides.
Colorectal cancer patients-derived immunity-organoid platform unveils cancer-specific tissue markers associated with immunotherapy resistance
Authors: Carbone Carmine , Esposito Annachiara , Agostini Antonio , Quero Giuseppe , Piro Geny , Priori Lorenzo , Caggiano Alessia , Scaglione Giulia , Battaglia Alessandra , Calegari Maria , Salvatore Lisa , Bensi Maria , Maratta Maria , Ceccarelli Anna , Trovato Giovanni , Genovese Giannicola , Gurreri Enrico , Ascrizzi Serena , Martini Maurizio , Fiorillo Claudio , Fattorossi Andrea , De Sanctis Francesco , Ugel Stefano , Corbo Vincenzo , Alfieri Sergio , Tortora Giampaolo
Published: July 2024

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a devastating disease, ranking second in cancer-related deaths. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have reshaped the prognosis of many cancers, including Microstatellite Instable (MSI) CRC. However, a significant proportion of MSI patients do not benefit from immunotherapy, prompting the selection of patients based on factors beyond microsatellite status. Moreover, the overall lack of response of Microsatellite Stable (MSS) CRC may be due to an unselected approach for patient enrollment. To address these challenges and to enable more accurate and personalized testing of ICIs efficacy, we have developed interaction platforms between CRC organoids and autologous immune system. Using these platforms, we can assess ICIs resistance in CRC models, identifying new cancer-specific tissue markers (CST) associated with response to immunotherapy that go beyond microsatellite stability status. We assessed mutational profiles of 123 patients generating clinically relevant CRC organoids and immune system autologous interaction platforms to test the CRC patients ICI resistance. Transcriptomic analysis identified cancer-specific response markers to ICI, regardless microsatellite stability status, which were subsequently validated in an independent cohort of tissues using multiplex immunofluorescence (IF) technique. We observed that that organoids with reduced expression of CST markers exhibit increased susceptibility to T-cells engagement and demonstrate an ex vivo response to immunotherapy regardless of microsatellite stability status. We confirmed in an independent cohort of CRC patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy regimen the association of CST markers with an increased immune infiltration and T-cells activation by multiplex IF analysis. These findings will pave the way to improve immunotherapeutic strategies for CRC patients selection, regardless of their microsatellite stability status. This approach not only has the potential to identify MSI patients who will not benefit of ICIs avoiding adverse events, but also opens new scenarios for MSS patients, expanding the pool of individuals who could potentially benefit from immunotherapeutic treatments.
Scrutinizing the Smart City: Discerning Differences between Academic Critiques and Practitioner Challenges
Authors: Zwick Austin , Biggar Jeffrey , Spicer Zachary
Published: July 2024

Through semi-structured interviews with winners, finalists, and unsuccessful applicants in Infrastructure Canada’s Smart Cities Challenge (SCC), this study aims to, via a post-hoc outcome evaluation, explore the gap between academic criticisms of smart cities versus the challenges that public administrators face. Interviews find that smart city competitions do succeed in fostering strategic planning and public engagement at the municipal government level. However, sustaining these successes without further investment and capacity building is unlikely in today's climate. Against the backdrop of academic criticisms of techno-solutionism, corporate overdependence, and panoptic surveillance, findings paint a different reality, one where public administrators are focused on realizing outcomes for residents, however they struggle to get technology-oriented to the implementation phase. The concerns of academia, to public administrators, seem distant - and manageable given time and resources. This research provides valuable policy lessons for cities worldwide at the intersection of technology and public governance.
Polariton probing of attometer displacement and nanoscale strain in ultrashort acoustic pulses
Authors: Scherbakov Alexey , Karzel Marek , Samusev Anton , Linnik Tetiana , Littmann Mario , Reuter Dirk , Bayer Manfred , Akimov Andrey
Published: July 2024

Atomic displacement and lattice strain are inextricably linked in most ultrafast processes in solids, such as in optically induced phase transition [1,2] or demagnetization [3]. The visualization of lattice dynamics with femtosecond temporal and sub-angstrom spatial resolution, typically performed using X-ray [1,3-5] and electron diffraction techniques [2,5,6], yields information about the involved physics. However, the detection of tiny atomic motion localized in a nanometer volume has remained challenging. For this purpose, we suggest focussing on the acoustic pulse injected into the surrounding volume [3,7-10]. We demonstrate that its optical detection in a material possessing a narrow polariton resonance provides superior sensitivity and enables the detection of atomic motion of attometer amplitudes. In the performed experiment, we detect an acoustic pulse injected into the polaritonic layer from an optically heated 100-nm metal film. By measuring the transient reflectivity modulated by the dynamical strain, we reliably detect the thermal expansion of the film by less than 100 attometers due to its temperature increase by ~0.1 K only.
Cathepsin K promotes bone invasion of pituitary adenomas via mediating adenoma cell proliferation and osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Wang Peng , Zhao Jian , Han Wenjing , Mu Yiming , Gu Weijun
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to explore the regulation and mechanism of Cathepsin K (CTSK) in bone invasive pituitary adenomas (BIPAs).
Experimental Design:
A total of 1437 patients with pituitary adenomas were included and followed up. RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR were used to analyze to detect CTSK expression. The impact of CTSK on cellular proliferation, bone matrix degradation, and osteoclasts differentiation was determined by gain/loss of function experiments in vitro and vivo. The exploration of signaling pathway was determined by molecular biology experiments.
Results
Here, we reported a significant fraction (~ 10%) of pituitary adenoma patients developed bone invasion. Bone invasion was correleted with tumor recurrence. Shorter recurrence free survival was found in BIPA patients. CTSK expression was increased in BIPA patients and strongly associated with worse prognosis. Increased CTSK expression promoted pituitary adenoma cell proliferation via activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and bone invasion via increasing osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. CTSK inhibitor (odanacatib) could inhibit pituitary adenoma cell proliferation and bone invasion in vitro and in vivo. CTSK promoted osteoclast differentiation by promoting the RANKL expression of MC3T3-E1 cells through interaction with TLR4.
Conclusion
CTSK may become a novel predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target for BIPAs.
Challenges in accuracy in molecular genetic diagnosis of childhood AML: case series
Authors: Mota Fernanda de Oliveira , de Toledo Silva Regina Caminada , Tesser-Gamba Francine , Pires Michele Gaboardi de Carvalho , Gouveia Juliana Thomazini , Oliveira Indhira Dias , Santos Nancy da Silva , Delbuono Elizabete , Rhein Bruno Nicolaz , Guimarães Renata Fittipaldi da Costa , Zecchin Victor Gottardello , Lee Maria Lucia Martino , de Sousa Ana Virginia Lopes
Published: July 2024

Survival rate of children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) improves gradually through cooperative studies. However, the outcome depends on heterogeneous mechanisms. Comprehending the genetic background of pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the key to risk stratification. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology uses target panels that may detect additional genetic subsets. The study describes the experience of using NGS for treating pediatric AML patients at an institution. Patients who showed poor outcome aberration were referred to hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). 11 patients were tested. Aberrations were found in all subjects, mainly only in the NGS panel, indicating referral to HSCT in first remission in 2 cases and helping to outline the genetic features in all cases. The availability of NGS resources has had a therapeutic impact. NGS helped outline the patients' genetic features and decision for HSCT. NGS is a valuable tool in the precision medicine era and should be widely accessible.
Runaway resorption of microcracks contributes to age-related hip- fracture patients
Authors: Gray Marena , Boughton Oliver , Wiles Crispin , Reinhard Christina , Vo Nghia T. , Atwood Robert , Stavri Richard , Cobb Justin P. , Hansen Ulrich , Abel Richard L.
Published: July 2024

Microdefects, including microcracks and resorption trenches, may be important contributors to bone fragility. 3D microdefect morphology was imaged using synchrotron micro-CT to develop a classification system for investigating the relationship with bone mechanics and hip-fractures.
Femoral heads from ageing hip-fracture patients (n=5, 74-82 years) were compared to ageing non-fracture controls (n=5, 72-84 years). Two trabecular cores were prepared from the chiasma; one was imaged using synchrotron micro-CT to measure microdefects and one was mechanically tested to measure tensile strength. Morphological and mechanical data were compared and correlated using Mann Whitney U test and Pearson’s rank correlation. All the procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Imperial College Tissue Bank (R13004) and the 1984 Declaration of Helsinki.
Microdefects varied and were classified into four categories based on shape and measurable parameters. Hip-fracture donors exhibited significantly higher density of all microdefects (p<0.05). Microdefect volume was strongly negatively correlated with ultimate tensile strength (p<0.05) and stiffness (p<0.05).
Microdefects might contribute to loss of bone strength and fragility fracture via runaway resorption. Microcracks could promote focussed osteoclastic resorption and the formation of resorption pits which create stress risers leading to the re-formation of microcracks under continued load. CT-based classification methods should be used to explore the complex interaction between microdefects, metabolism, and bone fracture mechanics.
Unveiling the origin of precision limits in distance measurements by frequency-comb-based spectral interferometry
Authors: Jang Yoon-Soo , Ahn Heulbi , Eom Sunghoon , Park Jungjae , Jin Jonghan
Published: July 2024

Over the last two decades, frequency combs have brought a breakthrough in length metrology with traceability to length standards. In particular, frequency-comb-based spectral interferometry is regarded as a promising technology for next-generation length standards. However, nanometer-level precision inherent in laser displacement interferometer is primarily required to achieve that. Here, we report the fundamental precision limits of a frequency-comb-based spectral interferometry for distance measurements. In our theoretical model, two parameters, the intensity noise and the frequency noise, can be major factors affecting measurement precision. The measurement precision was experimentally confirmed as 0.67 nm at an averaging time of 25 μs. The measurement sensitivity was found to be 4.5∙10-12m/Hz1/2, close to the quantum-limited sensitivity. The numerically predicted measurement sensitivity and precision are in good agreement with the experimental results. Hence, intrinsic noise sources affecting measurement precision typically consist of intensity noise and frequency noise. As a practical example of observing precise physical phenomena, we demonstrated measurements of acoustic-wave-induced vibration and laser eavesdropping. Our study of ultra-precision distance measurements and an analysis of the origin of measurement precision will be an important step toward the practical realization of upcoming length standards.
Optimizing Antigen Preparation for Oxalyl-CoA Decarboxylase Enzyme Diagnostic Kit and ELISA System Cutoff Determination
Authors: Ardestani Davood Khavari , Basiri Abbas , Bandehpour Mojgan , Abdi-Ghavidel Afshin , Kazemi Bahram
Published: July 2024

The prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing globally, with calcium oxalate stones being the most common type. Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase (OXC), an enzyme produced by the gut bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes, plays a crucial role in oxalate metabolism. Deficiencies in OXC activity can lead to the accumulation of oxalate, contributing to kidney stone formation. This study aimed to develop a reliable diagnostic assay for OXC by optimizing antigen production and establishing a cutoff value for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We cloned, expressed, and purified recombinant OXC protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), and generated specific polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. The ELISA system was optimized and validated using serum samples from 40 healthy individuals and 6 patients with oxalate-related disorders. The cutoff value was determined using the formula ( M + 2SD ), where ( M ) is the mean and ( SD ) is the standard deviation of the healthy sample results. The calculated cutoff value of 0.656750 effectively distinguished between healthy and affected individuals, with a sensitivity of 97.5% and a specificity of 83.3%. These findings provide a valuable tool for the early detection and management of oxalate-related disorders, with significant implications for clinical practice.
Management of gout in primary care of Hong Kong in accordance with international guidelines: any gaps to bridge?
Authors: Chan Kamsheung , Chen Catherine Xiaorui , Chiang Lapkin , Ho Kaming , Li Yimchu
Published: July 2024

Background
Gout is one of the most common conditions encountered in primary care. This study aims to assess urate control among gout patients managed in primary care settings and to evaluate its associated risk factors.
Method
Retrospective cross-sectional study. All adult Chinese gout patients who had been followed up in public primary care clinics from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021 were included. Patient demographics, clinical and biochemical parameters were retrieved from the computer system. Student’s t-test was used for analyzing continuous variables and Chi-square test was used for categorical data. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression was used to determine the associated risk factors for poor urate control.
Results
Among the 385 gout patients included, 115 met the target serum urate level (29.9%). All patients with tophaceous gout could not achieve the target serum urate level. In multivariate studies, male gender (OR 2.587, 95% CI: 1.374–4.873), active smoker (OR 3.170, 95% CI: 1.077–9.333), Chronic kidney disease with stage 3a, 3b and 4, (OR 3.236, 3.122 and 10.250 respectively, 95% CI: 1.556–6.732, 1.113–8.758 and 1.078–97.477 respectively) were less likely to meet the target urate level while those on urate-lowering agents (OR 0.225, 95% CI: 0.0.127–0.399) were more likely to meet the target urate level.
Conclusion
Only 29.9% of gout patients were adequately treated in public primary care settings in Hong Kong. Tophaceous gouty patients are found to have difficulties in achieving target serum urate level. Gout patients who were male, active smokers, having Chronic kidney disease with stage 3a, 3b and 4 were less likely to meet the target urate level while those on urate-lowering agents were more likely to meet the target urate level.
Evaluation of the effect of self-assembling peptide and fluoride varnish, alone or in combination with laser irradiation, on artificial enamel caries: A SEM/EDS and Micro-CT study
Authors: Aşık Aslı , Önçağ Özant
Published: July 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of remineralization agents such as fluoride varnish and P11-4, alone and in combination with Er:YAG laser, on in-vitro hard tissue repair in artificial enamel lesions.
Materials and Methods
Remineralization agents were applied to the specimens that were grouped as follows: Group 1, control; Group 2, fluoride varnish (FV); Group 3, P11-4; Group 4, laser; Group 5, laser + FV; and Group 6, laser + P11-4. The fluorescence level was determined with DiagnoDent. The enamel mineral density, area and volume, and caries lesion area and volume were determined with micro-computed tomography (µCT), surface features were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental analysis was performed using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) .
Results
In the application of the P11-4 alone and in combination with laser, there was a statistically significant decrease in DiagnoDent values, an increase in enamel volume(mm3),enamel area(mm2) and mineral density(g/cm3) values and a decrease in caries lesion volume(mm3) and area(mm2) obtained by µCT, and an increase in %Ca and %F values obtained by SEM/EDS analysis(p < 0.05). It was discovered that the samples treated with P11-4 had a considerably higher rise in the Ca/P ratio than the samples treated with FV(p < 0.05). The calcium content increased significantly more when P11-4 application was combined with laser irradiation(p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The combined use of SAP P11-4 and laser accelerated the remineralization process and increased the remineralization capacity.
Clinical relevance:
FV and P11-4, alone or in combination with laser, can be successfully used as remineralization agents in initial enamel caries.
Primary Intracardiac Leiomyoma: Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Al-Maghrabi Haneen , Aluthman Uthman , Jamjoom Ahmed , Zabani Ibrahim , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah
Published: July 2024

Benign cardiac neoplasms are relatively uncommon. Cardiac leiomyomas are usually diagnosed as a benign metastasizing leiomyoma or as a part of intravenous leiomyomatosis spectrum. Primary cardiac leiomyomas are extremely rare and should be diagnosed after ruling out the involvement of systemic leiomyomas. Only nine cases were found in the literature that described De novo occurrence of primary intra-cardiac leiomyoma. In this study, we present a case of 60-year-old female patient with a large pedunculated mass located in the left ventricle. Histopathology examination and immunohistochemistry aid confirmed the diagnosis of benign leiomyoma. No evidence of extra cardiac lesions was detected in the patient. The patient remains healthy with no signs of recurrence four years after the surgical resection. Benign cardiac tumors are not often seen, but when they do occur, they can present a serious risk to life. This is particularly significant because these tumors can detach and cause embolization, leading to the development of strokes. Moreover, these individuals do not show any clinical symptoms, making their detection quite challenging. When there is a suspicion, it is advised to utilize echocardiography and other imaging techniques to verify the presence of a tumor. In this report, we present a rare case and provide differential diagnoses, along with a review of the literature.
Distribution of Urinary Schistosomiasis and Associated Risk Factors in School-Age Children in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Opeyemi Olufunke , Simon-Oke Iyabo Adepeju , Olusi Titus Adeniyi
Published: July 2024

Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern in developing countries. This study assessed the current status of urinary schistosomiasis among school-age children in Kwara State, Nigeria. Of the 1,341 school-age pupils investigated, 277 (20.7%) were infected, with 26.84% from Kwara South, 18.83% from Kwara Central, and 14.29% from Kwara North. The overall geometric mean intensity and mean population egg density varied significantly across the senatorial districts (9.37 ± 2.66 versus 14.95 ± 16.41 eggs per 10mL of urine). Males (22.3%) were more infected than females (19%), while children aged > 15 and ≤ 5 years had the highest prevalence and intensity, respectively (37.5%; 12.18 ± 2.74 eggs per 10mL of urine). A binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the source of drinking water, duration of community-stay, and non-awareness of infection were not significant predictors of Schistosoma haematobium infection. All forms of water contact activities were associated with increased and significant (p < 0.01) odds of predicting S. haematobium infection, the most important being fishing [Odd Ratio (OR): 114.951, p < 0.001]. Daily, weekly, and monthly water contact frequency was insignificant in predicting the odds of S. haematobium infection. However, no history of previous drug treatment was a significant risk factor (OR: 2.092; p = 0.002). Urinary schistosomiasis is very much present among school-age children in Kwara State. Strengthening schistosomiasis surveillance systems to identify communities with no or long history of preventive chemotherapy and ensuring even distribution of these resources is critical to morbidity reduction and disease control.
Long-Term Outcomes in Major Aortic Surgery: 11 Year Single Centre Experience
Authors: Staniforth Edward , Ttofi Iakovos , Ttofi Jasmina , Perinparajah Vanitha , Vijjhalwar Rohit , Uberoi Raman , Sideso Ediri , Dubey Shirish , Krasopoulos George
Published: July 2024

Objectives
Thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections provide a complex surgical cohort termed major aortic surgery. Regular follow-up at specialist clinics with cross-sectional imaging is recommended. Identifying risk factors that lead to re-operations as well as the requirement for and appropriate length of follow-up remain points of debate.
Methods
Patients undergoing any major aortic operation performed at a single centre from January 2012 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical information, operative details, histological reports, post-operative outcomes and follow up were collected from electronic patient records. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and R Studio.
Results
409 patients met the inclusion criteria for the study with a median follow-up of 3.8 years (IQR 1.6–7.6). The prevalence of all cause re-operations was 10.8% (n = 44). The median time to re-operation was 1.8 years. 68% of the reoperations occurred within the first 5 years. Multi and univariate logistic regression identified young age, arteritis and/or aortitis as the main risk factors associated with increased risk of re-operation. Connective tissue disease and systemic inflammatory diseases approached but didn’t meet statistical significance. Bicuspid aortic valve pathology was associated with reduced risk of re-operation.
Conclusions
Patients undergoing major-aortic surgery have a high rate of re-operation. The first 5 years represent a high-risk period and follow-up with cross-sectional imaging during that time by specialist aortic services is essential. Patient with aortitis remain at high risk and should be treated by appropriate by specialist aortic services with subspecialty interest and expertise on treating patients with aortitis.
Reassessing the Reliability of Ki-67 as an Indicator of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor Progression: Based on Cell Lineage Categorization
Authors: Ye Qiyun , Nie Jing , Wu Dongyang , Peng Junxiang , Wang Ke , Zhou Mingfeng , Xing Yiheng , Zheng Xiaoxuan , Pan Jun , Mao Jian
Published: July 2024

Background:
The role of KI-67, a tumor proliferation marker, as a biomarker for progression in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between KI-67 expression levels and PitNETs progression based on transcriptional factor lineage classification.
Methods:
A total of 97 PitNETs patients who underwent endoscopic surgery performed by the same surgeon between February 2022 and March 2023 were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry was used to stain tumor specimens for KI-67. Tumor progression was assessed based on Knosp classification and follow-up results, and separate analyses were performed according to hormone secretion status and transcriptional factor lineage classification.
Results:
We found no significant differences in preoperative tumor characteristics and various prognostic outcomes between patients with high and low KI-67 expression. When classified according to hormone secretion types, no significant differences were observed in the progression of various PitNETs and KI-67. However, when classified based on tumor transcriptional factor lineages, a significant association with invasiveness was observed in the T-PIT lineage with high KI-67 expression (P = 0.035), but not in the PIT-1 and SF-1 lineages.
Conclusion:
The research has found that KI-67 as a biomarker for tumor progression in PitNETs is unreliable. emphasizing the importance of comprehensively considering pitNETs subtypes and molecular characteristics in patient assessment.
Perceptions and characteristics of the mentor role in research capacity building programs for clinicians: A scoping review
Authors: Flenady Tracy , Calleja Pauline , Sahay Ashlyn , Wirihana Lisa , Byrne Amy-Louise
Published: July 2024

Background
Research capacity building programs are in facilitating clinicians’ engagement with best-practice research. Benefits of research capacity in healthcare locations have far reaching benefits including individuals, communities, and health services. Commonly, research capacity building programs include an element of mentoring, to facilitate experiential learning. The role of the mentor is diverse, thus this review aimed to uncover the role and perceptions of mentors, from both mentees and mentors.
Methods
A systematic copsing review was conducted, using the five-stage framework of Arksey and O’Malley (2005). CINAHL, Embase, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched. Thematic analysis was conducted to reconcile the data against the aims and objectives.
Results
A total of 25 articles were included for analysis. Analysis of data related to the mentor perception found two main themes and associated subthemes; Measures of success (Facilitate opportunities, understand the research process and embed research into routine practice) and Operational Factors (understanding their role and multi-modal delivery) For the mentees, analysis uncovered two main themes and associated subthemes; Ideal mentor attributes (appropriately experienced, regular contact, approachable and enthusiastic ), and Desired outcomes (increased confidence in research, facilitate collaboration, and support to do research).
Conclusions
The value and importance of the mentor in research capacity building is clear. This article provides a framework for the role of the mentor in research capacity building programs.
Music-related Bodily Sensation Map in Individuals with Depressive Tendencies
Authors: Tanaka Masaki , Daikoku Tatsuya
Published: July 2024

Music has the power to influence people's emotions. Therefore, music is also used as an intervention to reduce the stress in mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Recent research has suggested that the body plays a key role in the connection between music and emotion with a correlation between the head sensations and negative emotions while listening to music. Additionally, strong sensations in the head have been suggested as a bodily perception associated with depression. In this study, we investigated the bodily sensations experienced by people with depressive tendencies when listening to music and their association with specific emotional states, using body mapping and musical chord progression. Our results revealed that individuals with depressive tendencies experience strong head sensations, with unpleasantness and low aesthetics, particularly for chord progression with a high level of surprise and uncertainty. This study sheds light on the intricate relationship between music, bodily sensations, and emotional states, providing valuable insights for research on the body and for developing musical therapeutic interventions targeting depression and related conditions.
Trends in the health status of Ukrainian refugees in Norway according to month of arrival during 2022
Authors: Labberton Angela S , Ozeryansky Larisa , Helland Ylva , Skogheim Thea Steen , Hansen Tonya Moen
Published: July 2024

Background:
Over 75 000 refugees from Ukraine have come to Norway since February 2022. Previous studies show that the refugees have poor health for several domains, and crude reports suggest that those fleeing Ukraine at later stages have even poorer health. However, more systematic knowledge is lacking. This study aimed to analyse self-reported health in a sample of adult refugees from Ukraine by month of arrival to Norway in 2022.
Methods:
Data were collected via an online, digital questionnaire, in a cross-sectional study design between 28.10.22–31.01.23. Recruitment was via multiple potential physical and social media contact points, including asylum reception centres, municipalities, non-profit organisations, and Facebook groups for refugees in Norway. The survey included self-reported health outcomes: overall health, oral health, presence of long-term illnesses or disabilities, and a short version of Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-5).
Results:
Among 727 respondents, 82% were female, 65% aged 30–49 years, 69% had higher education and 53% had responsibility for children in Norway. 383 arrived February-April (T1), 200 May-August (T2) and 144 September-December (T3). Compared to T1, later periods had higher proportions of males, a younger age distribution and lower proportions with higher education. Proportions reporting poor/very poor overall health, presence of long-term illness, and long-term disability were highest in T3. Oral health and HSCL-5 showed an opposite trend, with lower proportions reporting poorer health among respondents in both later periods. Respondents in T3 were still more likely to report poor/very poor health and long-term illnesses after adjusting for sex, age group and education (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 2.71 [95%CI 1.51–4.89]) and 1.74 [1.14–2.65], respectively).
Conclusions:
Respondents arriving later in 2022 generally reported poorer long-term health, but less psychological distress than those arriving earlier. These findings may help to inform planning of health services to refugees from Ukraine, especially in areas receiving large numbers of refugees.
Anterior nodular scleritis as the debut of IgG4-related disease
Authors: Gorrotxategi Nerea Gangoitia , Silva Esther Compains , Garmendia Iñigo Salmeron , Alonso Ana Jiménez , Gamboa Leire Olazaran , Bujanda Iñigo Les
Published: July 2024

Purpose: to report the case of an anterior nodular scleritis associated to the IgG4-related disease.
Methods: case-report.
Results: We present a case of a 72-year-old man who experienced one month of pain and redness in the left eye. He was diagnosed with anterior nodular scleritis. An incenlargement of the lacrimal gland was observed, along with elevated serum IgG4 levels and symptoms suggestive of pachymeningitis. Consequently, a biopsy of the lacrimal gland confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of IgG4-related disease. He was treated with corticosteroids and rituximab, with favorable outcomes.
Conclusion: IgG4-related disease can manifest with various ophthalmologic presentations, including, albeit infrequently, scleritis.
Pulmonary hypertension is common among patients with advanced lung cancer and Khorana score is the predictive indicator
Authors: Bandidwattanawong Chanyoot , Sureeyathanaphat Phanthaphan , Vrakornvoravuti Gorn
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) has been reported to be prevalent across various stages of lung cancer patients and associated with adverse outcomes. This study was aimed to determine prevalence among patients with advanced lung cancer and its association with dyspnea symptom and survival and.
Methods
Patients with stage IV lung cancer were recruited. PHT was diagnosed, if mean arterial pulmonary pressure (mPAP) was above 20 mmHg as determined by echocardiography. Baseline demographics including age, sex, smoking status, histologic types, performance status (PS), extent of pulmonary involvement, Khorana score, presenting symptoms, systemic cancer therapy, cancer dyspnea score (CDS) and 1-year survival were collected.
Results
There were 69 eligible patients. Thirty-four patients (49.28%) had PHT. Only high Khorana risk score was the independent predictive factor of development of PHT at baseline (ORadj = 48.71 (95% C.I. 1.51-1569.17); p = 0.028). History of smoking had a trend towards a predictor (ORadj = 4.36 (95% C.I. 0.83–22.87); p = 0.081). Furthermore, those with PHT had a trend towards shorter survival than those without (1-year OS, 55.23% vs 88.69%; p = 0.003); however, ECOG 2 (HRadj = 6.66 (95% C.I., 1.91–19.82); p = 0.002), non-adenocarcinoma cell types (HRadj = 5.33 (95% C.I., 1.18–24.10); p = 0.03), anemia (HRadj = 4.59 (95% C.I., 1.12–18.74); p = 0.034), and abnormal PT (HRadj = 5.52 (95% C.I., 1.60-19.09); p = 0.007) were the independent prognostic factors of short survival. Higher degree of PHT was also correlated with higher CDS (Pearson correlation, r = 0.458; 95% C.I. 0.25–0.63; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In line with the historical reports, PHT is quite prevalent in patients with advanced lung cancer. Due to its co-relation with CDS, any agents which can lessen the degree of PHT should be further investigated for the purpose of improving patients’ symptom burden before the systemic therapy takes its action.
Securing Social Spaces: Machine Learning Techniques for Fake Profile Detection on Instagram
Authors: Goyal Bharti , Gill Nasib Singh , Gulia Preeti
Published: July 2024

Fake profiles, on Instagram, pose significant challenges in online spaces. These profiles are fabricated with the intention to mislead and deceive by assuming the identity of genuine persons or institutions. These individuals often disseminate false information, participate in spamming, or carry out criminal acts, which negatively impact user confidence and online safety. Detecting these fake profiles involves analysis of various factors like account activity, behavior patterns, content, and network interactions to distinguish these from genuine users. Advancements in machine learning and AI techniques play a crucial role in developing robust detection models to mitigate the impact of these deceptive profiles. This paper delves into the intricate realm of fake profile detection on social-media platforms. The proposed model exhibits commendable performance metrics, showcasing an accuracy of 83.84%. Delving into specifics, for the identification of fake profiles, precision stands at 80.65%, recall at 80.16%, and an F1-Score of 80.41%. When detecting real profiles, precision, recall, and F1-Score excel significantly higher at 86.06%, 86.43%, and 86.24% respectively. These impressive metrics are achieved through a sophisticated approach leveraging DistilBERT for text processing, SMOTE for handling imbalanced data, and Random Forest for classification to detect fake profiles on Instagram based on user biography length. In essence, this research contributes substantial insights and advanced methodologies to the intricate domain of fake profile detection. It aspires to fortify the trustworthiness and credibility of online identity verification systems, serving as a foundational stone for future advancements in the field.
Dual-core photonic crystal fiber temperature and humidity sensor based on PDMS and PVA
Authors: Song Mingshi , Jing Xili , yin zhiyong , Zhang Heng , Li Jiaxin , Huo Tianli
Published: July 2024

Temperature and humidity sensors are applied in environmental monitoring, agriculture, food industry, and biochemical detection. To enhance their sensitivity and efficiency, this work presents a temperature and humidity sensor that uses surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The sensor comprises a hexagonal pattern of holes and two planes. On one side of the plane, a gold film coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is used for temperature measurement, while on the other side, a gold film with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used for humidity measurement. The finite element method is used to analyze the sensor's sensing characteristics, revealing that its temperature sensitivity ranges from 20℃ to 90℃ at 3.82 nm/℃, while its humidity sensitivity ranges from 20–98% at 5.013 nm/%RH. Overall, this sensor can operate effectively in both temperature and humidity environments, simultaneously measuring both parameters.
Mortality risk associated with ocular ischemic syndrome in New Orleans
Authors: Fan Judith , Sabaugh Nouran , Fang Wei , Hinkle David
Published: July 2024

Purpose
To explore the relationship between ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) and mortality in a New Orleans patient population.
Methods
Thirty-two patients diagnosed with OIS at University Medical Center (UMC) in New Orleans, Louisiana between 2011 and 2022 were compared to a historical population with respect to prevalence of systemic diseases and the mortality rate
Results
The five-year mortality rate was 21% and the ten-year mortality rate was 38%. Associated disease and risk factors included hypertension (91%), diabetes mellitus (62%), ischemic heart disease (31%), cerebrovascular accident (22%), peripheral vascular disease (22%), and a history of smoking (66%).
Conclusion
A diagnosis of OIS is associated with high rates of ocular and systemic diseases. High morbidity and mortality rates persist despite improvements in medical and surgical care.