bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effect of Seed Priming and Growing Media on Germination and Seedling Rootstocks of Mango (Mangifera indica)
Authors: Abbasi Farah Feroz , Memon Noor-Un-Nisa , Wahocho Niaz Ahmed , Sharif Naseem , Farooque Muzamil , Naseer Mudassar , Raza Muhammad Kashif , Iftikhar Naveed
Published: October 2022

The poor seedling rootstock is a key factor in mango yield reduction. Container-based study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming and growing media on seedling rootstocks of mango. Hydropriming of seed was performed by using distilled water, while gibberellic acid (GA3) and NPK fertilizer (Solo plant) were used for hormonal and nutripriming, respectively. In second part, the primed and unprimed seeds were planted in four different growing media (GM) including GM1, GM2, GM3 and GM4. Data showed that seed germination (%), germination index (GI), seedling vigor index (SVI), height of seedling, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage of leaf, nutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) contents in leaf tissue was significantly altered by both seed priming and growing media respectively. In case of priming treatments, hormonal primed seeds had the best seed germination (77.01%), stem diameter (9.65 mm) and electrolyte leakage of leaf (13.01%); while N (1.13%), P (0.14%), K (0.87%), Ca (2.40%) and Mg (0.34%) content of leaf tissue was observed maximum in nutripriming treatment. Whereas, seed germination (71.96%), germination index (11.15) and stem diameter (9.41 mm) had greater values in response to the GM2 treatment. While GM4 grown seedlings had higher seeding height (33.81 cm), N (1.17%), P (0.15%), K (0.98%), Ca (2.64%) and Mg (0.38%) content of leaf tissue. It is concluded that seed germination and seedling growth attributes had a greater influence of GA3, while mineral nutrient contents of leaf had a significant effect on nutripriming. Among growing media, GM2 was observed better for growth parameters while GM4 for mineral nutrient contents of leaf..
The Solar Neighborhood L: Spectroscopic Discovery of K Dwarfs Younger Than 1 Gyr and New Binaries within 30 pc
Authors: Hubbard-James Hodari-Sadiki , Lesley D. Xavier , Henry Todd J. , Paredes Leonardo A. , Nisak Azmain H.
Published: October 2022

As part of a comprehensive effort to characterize the nearest stars, the CHIRON echelle spectrograph on the CTIO/SMARTS 1.5 m telescope is being used to acquire high-resolution (R = 80,000) spectra of K dwarfs within 50 pc. This paper provides spectral details about 35 K dwarfs from five benchmark sets with estimated ages spanning 20 Myr–5.7 Gyr. Four spectral age and activity indicators are tested, three of which aligned with the estimated ages of the benchmark groups—the Na i doublet (5889.95 and 5895.92 Å), the Hα line (6562.8 Å), and the Li i resonance line (6707.8 Å). The benchmark stars are then used to evaluate seven field K dwarfs exhibiting variable radial velocities for which initial CHIRON data did not show obvious companions. Two of these stars are estimated to be younger than 700 Myr, while one exhibits stellar activity unusual for older K-dwarf field stars and is possibly young. The four remaining stars turn out to be spectroscopic binaries, two of which are being reported here for the first time with orbital periods found using CHIRON data. Spectral analysis of the combined sample of 42 benchmark and variable radial velocity stars indicates temperatures ranging from 3900 to 5300 K and metallicities from −0.4 < [Fe/H] < +0.2. We also determine

log
g
=
4.5
–
4.7

for main-sequence K dwarfs. Ultimately, this study will target several thousand of the nearest K dwarfs and provide results that will serve present and future studies of stellar astrophysics and exoplanet habitability.
Detection of Na and K in the Atmosphere of the Hot Jupiter HAT-P-1b with P200/DBSP
Authors: Chen 陈 Guo 果 , Wang 王 Hongchi 红池 , van Boekel Roy , Pallé Enric
Published: October 2022

We present a new optical transmission spectrum of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-1b based on two transits observed with the Double Spectrograph (DBSP) on the Palomar 200-inch (P200) telescope. The DBSP transmission spectrum, covering a wavelength range from 3250 to 10007 Å, is consistent with that observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), but the former has a finer spectral resolution. The DBSP spectrum alone reveals the presence of a pressure-broadened line wing for Na, the line cores for both Na and K, and tentative evidence for H2O. We obtain consistent results from the spectral retrieval analyses performed on the DBSP-only data set and the DBSP, HST, and Spitzer combined data set. Our retrievals suggest a mostly clear atmosphere for HAT-P-1b, with a cloud coverage of

22

−
3

+
5

% that is dominated by enhanced haze. We derive subsolar abundances for Na, K, and C, and subsolar to solar for O. Future observations with James Webb Space Telescope and ground-based high-resolution spectrographs should be able to not only confirm the presence of these species but also stringently constrain the formation and migration pathways for HAT-P-1b.
The 3D X-Ray Ejecta Structure of Tycho's Supernova Remnant
Authors: Millard Matthew J. , Park Sangwook , Sato Toshiki , Hughes John P. , Slane Patrick , Patnaude Daniel , Burrows David , Badenes Carles
Published: October 2022

We present our velocity measurements of 59 clumpy, metal-rich ejecta knots in the supernova remnant (SNR) of SN 1572 (Tycho). We use our 450 ks Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer observation to measure the Doppler shift of the He-like Si Kα line-center wavelength emitted from these knots to find their line-of-sight (radial) velocities (v

r
). We find v

r
up to ∼5500 km s−1, with roughly consistent speeds between blueshifted and redshifted ejecta knots. We also measure the proper motions (PMs) for our sample based on archival Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer data taken from 2003, 2009, and 2015. We estimate PMs up to 0.″35 yr−1, which corresponds to a transverse velocity of about 5800 km s−1 for the distance of 3.5 kpc to Tycho. Our v

r
and transverse velocity measurements imply space velocities of ∼1900–6000 km s−1 for the ejecta knots in Tycho. We estimate a new expansion center of R.A.(J2000) = 00h25m18s.725 ± 1.ˢ157 and decl.(J2000) = +64°08′02.″5 ± 11.″2 from our PM measurements, consistent to within ∼13″ of the geometric center. The distribution of space velocities throughout the remnant suggests that the southeast quadrant generally expands faster than the rest of the SNR. We find that blueshifted knots are projected more in the northern shell, while redshifted knots are more in the southern shell. The previously estimated reverse shock position is consistent with most of our estimated ejecta distribution; however, some ejecta show deviations from the 1D picture of the reverse shock.
CN 2−1 and CS 5−4 Observations toward Arp 299 with the SMA
Authors: Wang Junzhi , Qi Chunhua , Li Shanghuo , Wu Jingwen
Published: October 2022

Dense gas is the key to understanding star formation in galaxies. We present high-resolution (∼3″) observations of CN 2−1 and CS 5−4 as dense gas tracers toward Arp 299, a mid-stage major merger of galaxies, with the Submillimeter Array. The spatial distribution of CN 2−1 and CS 5−4 are generally consistent with each other, as well as HCN 1−0 in the literature. However, different line ratios of CS 5−4 and CN 2−1 are found in the A, B, and C regions, with the highest value in B. Dense gas fraction decreases from IC 694 (A) to NGC 3690 (B) and the starburst in the overlap regions (C and C′), which indicates that circumnuclear upcoming starburst in A and B will be more efficient than that in the overlap region of Arp 299.
On the Measurement of Vorticity in Astrophysical Fluids
Authors: Spangler Steven R.
Published: October 2022

Vorticity is central to the nature of, and dynamical processes in turbulence, including turbulence in astrophysical fluids. The results of Raymond et al. on vorticity in the post-shock fluid of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant are therefore of great interest. I consider the degree to which spectroscopic measurements of an optically thin line, the most common type of astronomical velocimetry, can yield unambiguous measurements of the vorticity in a fluid. I consider an ideal case of observations in the plane of a flow which possesses vorticity in a direction perpendicular to the plane of observations. The observationally deduced vorticity (referred to as the pseudovorticity) is a reasonable match for the true vorticity. However, the pseudovorticity of an irrotational model flow is also nonzero, and comparable in magnitude to that for a vortical flow. Astronomical spectroscopic observations may yield a good estimate of the vorticity, but its robustness cannot be insured.
Uneven Species Occurrence and Richness of Lowland Snakes (Serpentes, Squamata) in Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia with New Locality Records.
Authors: Syafiq Muhamad Fatihah , Badli-Sham Baizul Hafsham , Grismer Lee , Ahmad Amirrudin
Published: October 2022

This study documented information on the composition, diversity, richness, and temporal occurrence of snakes at Sekayu’s lowland forest (SLF), Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia for the first time. The snakes recorded within the SLF were sampled haphazardly from 2013 to 2019, employing the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) and L-shape pitfall traps with drift fences. Forty-six snake species from 37 genera belonging to the nine families were recorded, of which eleven were new records to Terengganu. Individual-based rarefaction and extrapolation curves were not reaching asymptote, indicating that additional species can be recorded at the study area. Non-parametric species richness estimators estimated and produced a range between 51 and 57 species. ACE was the best estimator based on the quantitative evaluation. All species showed some variations of the occurrence patterns across months. Fourteen species occurred only once across the sampling years, and interestingly 11 of them were detected during the rainy season. In general, the number of species richness, abundance, and rare species were high during this season. Species richness of snakes is high at SLF but sampling effort should be intensified, especially during these rainy months, to obtain a robust estimated snake species richness in SLF. Terengganu harbor considerably high species richness of snakes with a total of 71 species to date (excluding marine snakes), but snake diversity is still underestimated as only a few localities were surveyed in the past years, primarily at the northern part. Future surveys should be commenced at the central and southern parts of Terengganu to complement the current investigation.
The Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines: Implementation and checklist development
Authors: Van Epps Heather , Astudillo Olaya , Del Pozo Martin Yaiza , Marsh Joan
Published: October 2022

Understanding sex and gender differences is fundamental to rigorous and inclusive research, whether studying disease pathophysiology, sociodemographic determinants of health, or the benefits and harms of medical or social interventions. The inclusion of gender-diverse study populations has improved, but the reporting of sex and gender variables in research is still incomplete. The Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines, published in 2016, have been widely endorsed, but few scientific journals and organizations have incorporated them into formal editorial guidance and publication policies. To facilitate monitoring of and adherence to the SAGER guidelines in Lancet journals, we carried out an informal pilot study and developed a checklist to enable rapid editorial checks, promote uptake of the guidelines by other editors and journals, and raise awareness among peer reviewers and authors. By using this checklist as part of manuscript assessment and peer-review processes, journal editors can support best reporting practices when considering sex and gender as variables, improving the generalizability of the research they publish.
Phylogenomic and morphological evidence reveal a new species of spider lily, Lycoris longifolia (Amaryllidaceae) from China
Authors: Lou Yi-Lei , Ma Dai-Kun , Jin Ze-Tao , Wang Hui , Lou Lu-Huan , Jin Shui-Hu , Liu Kun , Liu Bin-Bin
Published: October 2022

Lycoris longifolia, a new species from China, was described and illustrated here. Our phylogenomic evidence based on whole plastomes strongly supported the separate phylogenetic position of this new species, and morphologically it could also be distinguished by its long leaves with a distinct purplish-red midrib on the abaxial surface.
Pharmacological correction of the sequelae of acute alcohol-induced myocardial damage with new derivatives of neuroactive amino acids coupled with the blockade of the neuronal NO synthase isoform
Authors: Kustova Margarita V. , Perfilova Valentina N. , Prokofiev Igor I. , Musyko Elena A. , Kucheryavenko Aida S. , Kusnetsova Elena E. , Tsetsera Diana E. , Tyurenkov Ivan N.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) induces a number of myocardial disorders, which result in mitochon­drial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes, oxidative stress, and decreased cardiac contractility. Nitric oxide produced by the nNOS is one of the major modulators of cardiac activity. New derivatives of GABA (RSPU-260 compound) and glu­tamate (glufimet) can be potentially regarded as such agents as the interaction between the NO system and the GABA and glutamatergic systems has been proved.

Materials and methods: All the studies were performed on female white Wistar rats, aged 10 months, whose weight was 280–320g AAI intoxication was modeled of 32% ethanol (gavage, 4g/kg).

Results and discussion: Glufimet and the RSPU-260 compound caused a significant improvement in myocardial contractility, increased oxygen consumption in the V3 state according to Chance, raised the respiratory control ratio and decreased the intensity of LPO intensity. Their effectiveness exceeded that of mildronate, their comparator. nNOS inhibition resulted in a pronounced aggravation of oxidative stress implicated in MDA accumulation in cardiac mito­chondria and decreased activity of SOD; myocardial contractility and mitochondrial function indicators did not show a significant difference from the control group. The compounds under study coupled with nNOS inhibition had a car­dioprotective effect.

Conclusion: Glufimet and the RSPU-260 compound, derivatives of neuroactive amino acids, have a pronounced cardioprotective effect, restrict LPO processes, enhance SOD activity, improve the mitochondrial respiratory function after acute alcohol intoxication when coupled with neuronal NO-synthase inhibition, the expression of which persists after AAI.

Graphical abstract:
A new species of New Guinea Worm-Eating Snake (Serpentes, Elapidae, Toxicocalamus Boulenger, 1896) from Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Roberts Jackson R. , Iova Bulisa , Austin Christopher C.
Published: October 2022

We describe a new species of New Guinea Worm-Eating Snake (Elapidae: Toxicocalamus) from a specimen in the reptile collection of the Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery. Toxicocalamus longhagensp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other species of this genus by the presence of paired subcaudals, a preocular scale unfused from the prefrontal scale, a prefrontal distinct from the internasal scale that contacts the supralabials, a single large posterior temporal and two postocular scales. The new taxon is currently known only from one specimen, which was collected from Mt. Hagen Town in Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea in 1967. The new species was originally identified as T. loriae, but the unique head scalation and postfrontal bone morphology revealed through micro-computed tomography scanning easily distinguish the new species from T. loriaesensu stricto. This is the first species of this genus described from Western Highlands Province.
Diversity in Nursing Education: Middle Eastern Students
Authors: Moore Brenda
Published: October 2022

Background:

Culturally diverse students face barriers to success in nursing school. One troublesome obstacle is the faculty-student relationship. This study explored Middle Eastern nursing students in Jordan and identified Eastern-Western cultural differences that may occur in the United States.

Method:

Existential descriptive phenomenology and feminist theoretical framework were used to design, collect data, and analyze results for 24 final-semester students. Six themes were identified: dissatisfaction, time, negativity, gender, culture, and utopia. Findings indicate Middle Eastern students and families have a different view of nursing than U.S. faculty members.

Results:

Strong influences of family, culture, and community directly relate this study's conclusions to Middle Eastern students studying in the U.S. These findings may prevent faculty-student misunderstandings, diminished student academic performance, and loss of culturally diverse U.S. nurses.

Conclusion:

The faculty-student relationship benefits from an understanding of the cultural challenges and experiences identified by Middle Eastern nursing students studying in the U.S.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(10):570–578.]
Les portraits de Francisco Goya : matériaux et technique
Authors: Ravaud Élisabeth , Bastian Gilles
Published: October 2022

Le Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France (C2RMF) a eu l’occasion, notamment autour des journées d’étude consacrées à Goya en janvier 2013, d’accueillir plusieurs grands portraits peints par celui-ci sur une période allant de 1791 à 1816. Ces études, portant essentiellement sur la matérialité de ces œuvres, ont permis, bien que nous soyons en présence d’un corpus relativement restreint (huit œuvres), de dégager ce que nous pensons être quelques grandes tendances ou constantes chez cet artiste. Cela touche aussi bien au domaine du choix des matériaux en présence (supports, pigments) que de leur mise en œuvre.
Les préparations des tableaux de Goya et de son entourage conservés en France
Authors: Eveno Myriam
Published: October 2022

Les couches préparatoires de vingt-trois œuvres de Goya, de son entourage ou de sa suite, datées entre 1783 et 1843 et issues des collections françaises, ont été étudiées et analysées par microanalyse X à partir de micro-prélèvements. Cette recherche a permis de mettre en évidence trois catégories distinctes de préparations : une première où le blanc de plomb et le carbonate de calcium sont majoritaires ; une deuxième essentiellement à base de blanc de plomb et une troisième constituée de terres. Elles sont généralement colorées dans les tons beige, orangé ou rouge, en simple ou double application. Goya semble employer des couches de couleur rouge brique dans ses œuvres les plus anciennes, et plus claires à la fin de sa carrière. Ces résultats ont été confrontés avec d’autres œuvres de Goya et ont permis de contribuer, entre autres, à l’attribution à Francisco de Goya d’un autoportrait qui avait été auparavant attribué à son entourage.
Socio-Ecological System Implications of Organizational Resilience
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: October 2022

The aim of this chapter is to direct a socio-ecological system as a construct of organizational resilience able to include research to create a coherent and comprehensive analysis of the implications of uncertainty, complexity, discontinuity, and adversity. The analysis departs from the development of conceptualizations, definitions, methods, functions, operations, assessments, and measures. The methodology employed is based on transdisciplinary approaches to a qualitative and reflective analysis of the theoretical and empirical literature review. It is concluded that an integral approach to organizational resilience must consider a socio-ecological system to assess the environmental implications of uncertainty, complexity, discontinuity, and adversity as a source of bouncing back and forward from organizational crises.
Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Resilience
Authors: Qalati Sikandar Ali , Li Yaya , Bhayo Sajid Hussain
Published: October 2022

Given that entrepreneurs regularly face challenges in the process of starting a new venture, their ability to adapt and respond to adversity is of great interest to entrepreneurship scholars. The aim of this chapter is to enlighten the scope of resilience in the context of entrepreneurship by elaborating the concept of resilience in a different context and identifying the factors influencing entrepreneurship resilience. This chapter has identified three main factors: intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual. These factors are further divided into sub-factors: intrapersonal (personal traits, motivation, human capital, and belief and values), interpersonal (informal supportive, teamwork, and formal supportive relationships), and contextual (resources, culture, and rules and regulations). This chapter has insights for scholars, universities, students, government bodies, and financial institutions.
Entrepreneurial Re-Entry Post an Economic Crisis
Authors: Muralidharan Etayankara , Pathak Saurav
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, insights from prospect theory and institutional theory are used to explore how societal-level well-being and inter-personal trust interplay with political stability of the country to facilitate re-entry of entrepreneurs who have exited because of an economic crisis. The conceptual model presented suggests that informal institutional conditions of societal well-being, inter-personal trust, and their interplay with political stability of the country are key to subsequent entrepreneurial intensions by entrepreneurs who have exited unfavourably during an economic crisis. The suggestions of the model are used to discuss implications related to the present COVID-19 pandemic and survival of entrepreneurship after the pandemic.
Innovative and Resilient SMEs in the Face of COVID-19 Business in an Emerging Economy
Authors: Valdez Luis Enrique
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study is to analyze and verify the effects of innovation management on economic indicators and corporate performance of SMEs in the south-central region of Sonora in Mexico. A multi-group analysis was also carried out to verify whether there are significant differences between companies that adopted the home office and those that did not adopt it in their operational processes. The sample analyzed is 498 SMEs with between 6 and 250 employees in the commerce sector. To collect the information, a questionnaire was prepared and applied to the SME manager online through the LimeSurvey Professional platform. The field work was carried out from February to October 2021. The PLS-SEM was used for data analysis. The results report that innovation management has positive and significant effects on economic indicators and on the corporate performance of SMEs. It is also revealed that economic indicators have a small positive and significant effect on corporate performance.
Women Entrepreneurs, Personal Constraints, and Resilience Behavior Within the Context of COVID-19
Authors: Karafi Boutheina Sassi , Cherif Raja
Published: October 2022

As most research on the impact of the pandemic on women's entrepreneurship has focused on businesses, on the behavior of women entrepreneurs (WE) in relation to the management of their businesses and entrepreneurial resilience, this chapter looks to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emergence of resilience behaviors of WE in the private sphere. It examines the issue of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social roles of WE, their responsibilities in the family sphere, their personal finances, their mental health, and the time they spend on their business, all topics that are not yet addressed in the scientific literature.
Digital Entrepreneurship and Personal Resilience on New Business Models in the 21st Century
Authors: Al Halbusi Hussam
Published: October 2022

How can businessmen and potential entrepreneurs overcome adversity and start enterprises in challenging situations? Until recently, little was understood about what motivates entrepreneurs during difficult times. Therefore, within the innovation system, digital entrepreneurship is an important determinant. It influences the many stages and aspects of the innovation system by changing the structure, goals, and networking mechanisms of the overall business system. Digital technologies, by bringing inevitable changes to the innovation system, may not only present greater business opportunities but may also be disruptive and create new vulnerabilities. Despite the advancement of digital tools, self-efficacy and resilience are still essential factors in motivating people to engage in entrepreneurial activities when they are going through difficult times. Individual entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs can and must improve their entrepreneurial self-efficacy and resilience in order to survive the economic downturn and credit stress and pursue business ventures.
Entrepreneurial Leadership in a Malaysian Public University
Authors: Abd Rahim Noorlizawati , Mohamed Zainai , Amrin Astuty , Tasir Zaidatun , Haron Habibah Norehan , Khalid Haliyana , Nawi Nina Diana Binti , A. Rashif Ana Haziqah
Published: October 2022

Based on case studies of top senior leaders (vice-chancellors) of Malaysian public universities, this chapter explores the characteristics of challenging experiences they encountered that require them to embrace entrepreneurship in their leadership. The complexity of diverse stakeholders, the multiplicity of academic disciplines, the lack of familiarity leading different and broader roles, leading in new directions, and creating change in high velocity and uncertain environments are among the entrepreneurial situations that characterize institutional adversities. Learning agility, opportunity recognition, and bridging capability are among their exemplary entrepreneurial leadership competencies in the face of adversity. This chapter concludes that entrepreneurial leaders in public universities as those leaders capable of bridging the gap between diverse stakeholders to achieve a unified vision of innovative public value creation and dynamic education marketplace adaptation.
Determinants of Self-Initiated Expatriates Resilience
Authors: Alshahrani Saeed
Published: October 2022

Self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) are classified as highly qualified specialists who can independently find employment overseas. However, little is known on how this cohort became resilient to cope with high uncertainty and adjust to novel international contexts. This chapter presents the most dominant resilience factors impacting the development of SIE resilience based on the current literature and develop specific hypotheses based on these factors. In addition, the chapter builds on the self-determination theory to present a research model that could help to predict SIEs in choosing their career paths abroad.
A Three-Level Analysis of the Innovation and Resilience Strategies During the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Grèzes Vincent , Barbey Valérie , Bonazzi Riccardo , Glassey Deborah , Seppey Sherine
Published: October 2022

This chapter analyzes the actions of the several actors of a regional ecosystem, through a three-level analysis, taking into account the micro level with (1) the analysis of individual measures and innovations implemented during the first semi-containment by managers, the meso-level with (2) the measures taken by professional associations, and the macro level with (3) the analysis of the measures taken by public authorities and professional associations. Despite procedural and financial support offered by municipalities and business associations, key findings show that companies adopted different strategies. These observations lead to a discussion about disruptive and sustainable innovations. Scenario planning techniques were proposed to identify likely futures.
Using Social Media as a Tool for Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Woods Kathryn , Gomez Melissa , Arnold Michelle Gadson
Published: October 2022

The use of social media has become ubiquitous in many industries, including higher education. Emerging research shows that incorporating various social media platforms into course instruction can increase student interest, participation, and engagement as well as provide instructors and students with multiple platforms for communication and research that can be used to enhance the sense of community in an online group. This study determined whether various groups of students had differing attitudes toward using social media for class assignments. The recommendations provided are intended to help instructors interested in using social media for class assignments to learn more about how various student groups perceive this practice.
The Impacts of Social Media in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Gutiérrez Verónica , Del Pino Ariana Daniela
Published: October 2022

Today, social networks have become an important part of an individual's life. Most people use social networks to interact and communicate not only with people, but also with different companies or institutions in search of information. This includes higher education institutions. The role of social networks in a higher education institution is important; It helps show what the university does, what services it offers, the achievements of its students, what achievements they get, etc. Social networks, with the right strategies, can create a great impact on how students see the university and what to do, and also they become an admission tool to generate interest in future students.
The Attitude Towards and the Use of Social Networking in European Higher Education
Authors: Gaftandzhieva Silvia , Doneva Rositsa
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, social networking is becoming a more and more powerful tool for students for communication, sharing of information and discussions on various topics. The study presented in this article investigates the extent to which teachers from different European countries use social networking sites in their teaching practice for different purposes and what their attitude is towards the use of social networking in higher education in general. The study is intended to seek clarity on the issues, whether the use of social networks is related to teacher information about social networking sites; their participation in interest groups and research for the use of social networks in education; and whether the results obtained from the survey vary according to the country. For this purpose, the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics is used. On the other hand, the study explores specific areas of the use of social networking in higher education, with an emphasis on their efficacy.
Bridging Activities
Authors: Yeh Ellen , Mitric Svetlana
Published: October 2022

This study applied pedagogically-focused project design by using Instagram as a platform to investigate how the use of social media such as Instagram in a multimodal digital storytelling model could bridge the skills English language learners (ELLs) learn in the classroom to out-of-school literacy practices. The study applied the five learning objectives of the bridging-activities framework to investigate to what extent ELLs achieve these objectives. There were forty-two participants (female: n= 22; male: n= 17), international arts and media students. The study collected their main Instagram posts, questionnaires were given with a five-point Likert scale and open-ended questions, and individual follow-up interviews for content analysis. A cross-tabulation was conducted to investigate the relationships between ELLs' Instagram use and how they perceive Instagram as a meaningful way of communication for professional purposes. The findings revealed pedagogical practices of using Instagram as a tool for professional purposes and how ELLs achieved the bridging-activities learning outcomes.
Use of Novel Ensemble Machine Learning Approach for Social Media Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Nazeer Ishrat , Rashid Mamoon , Gupta Sachin Kumar , Kumar Abhishek
Published: October 2022

Twitter is a platform where people express their opinions and come with regular updates. At present, it has become a source for many organizations where data will be extracted and then later analyzed for sentiments. Many machine learning algorithms are available for twitter sentiment analysis which are used for automatically predicting the sentiment of tweets. However, there are challenges that hinder machine learning classifiers to achieve better results in terms of classification. In this chapter, the authors are proposing a novel feature generation technique to provide desired features for training model. Next, the novel ensemble classification system is proposed for identifying sentiment in tweets through weighted majority rule ensemble classifier, which utilizes several commonly used statistical models like naive Bayes, random forest, logistic regression, which are weighted according to their performance on historical data, where weights are chosen separately for each model.
Instagram as a Tool for Professional Learning
Authors: Aghayi Amir Allan , Christison MaryAnn
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the current research is to investigate the potential of a social media tool, known as Instagram, for teacher professional learning. The chapter describes a three-year research project, which used Instagram, to investigate the perceptions and beliefs of 1,500 practicing English language teachers relative to their professional development experiences on Instagram. Six research questions (RQs) framed the study and determined how we viewed and analyzed the data. Qualitative data from six types of activity feeds were analyzed through the processes of open and axial coding. The results indicated that teachers' perceptions and beliefs about Instagram as a tool for professional learning were positive. The professional learning provided teachers with extensive opportunities to work with multimodal texts, create networks and connections with other teachers, and develop their reflective skills.
The Use of Social Media by Medical Librarians for Inclusive Engagement in the Management of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria University Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Ochonogor Wilson Chukwunedum , Mutula Stephen M.
Published: October 2022

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have over the years evolved and synthesized to leverage a wide variety of tasks in all fields of human endeavor including library services. This rapid transformation has not only affected information handling procedures but has equally reshaped approach to the work environment in that librarians attached to medical libraries is required to acquire some knowledge of medicine in order to adequately and efficiently make informed decisions that can positively impact on the general medical practice and specifically the management of HIV/AIDS. The use of ICTs such as social media (SM) has further made the work environment a community pivot, a rallying point, rather than the solitary tedium that has retarded learning, communication, advancement, cooperation, and community support in the past. The internet has greatly influenced SM penetration into all aspects of library services especially in the medical library where community of users (CoUs) can converge, confer and proffer simplified work output, better doctor-patient relationship and effective treatment. Hence, for effective implementation of SM in Nigeria university teaching hospitals, there is the need for the following to be put into consideration: formulation of online groups; schedule of regular updating of the site and contact information; simplification of keywords for easy content search and profiling; need to always inform members of current items, creating novel ideas as cleverly and satisfying as possible, need to widen out or reach others with novelties, advancement, activities, current drugs for specific ailments, and resistivedrugs.
A Kaupapa Māori Facebook Group for Māori and Indigenous Doctoral Scholars
Authors: Lee Maryann
Published: October 2022

This chapter examines the use of Facebook to support Māori and Indigenous doctoral scholars who are enrolled in the MAI ki Tāmaki Makaurau doctoral programme in Auckland, New Zealand. The programme is part of a National Māori and Indigenous (MAI) Network aimed to increase doctoral participation and completion rates of Māori scholars. Drawing on three Kaupapa Māori principles introduced in chapter three: tino rangatiratanga (self-determination principle), taonga tuku iho (cultural aspirations principle), whānau (extended family structure principle), the author explores some of the key considerations in creating a Kaupapa Māori digital learning space with the use of social media. Through conversations with three Māori academics who adminisiter the MAI ki Tāmaki Facebook group, this chapter captuers their unique perspectives and provide rich insights into the ways in which the Facebook group can provide a strong network of support for Māori and Indigenous scholars.
The Effectiveness of Self-Directed English Learning through SNS
Authors: Won Eun-Sok , Kim Jeong-Ryeol
Published: October 2022

This article suggests an efficient self-directed learning method that will help improve students' actual English ability by adopting Facebook, which is one of the most represented social networking services (SNS). The purpose of this article is to present a practical way in which to implement SNS-based, self-directed English learning by applying useful concepts from gamification and to ascertain the effectiveness of this method.
How Students are Using Social Networks?
Authors: Abu-Shanab Sobuh , Abu-Shanab Emad Ahmed
Published: October 2022

Social networks are now being used by the majority of Internet users and are becoming an important part of social life. This exploratory study utilized a sample of 254 high school students to explore their social networks' use and its relationship to emotional intelligence dimensions. The study used a newly developed survey to explore the area, understand student's use level/pattern, and answer the research question. Results indicated that only the motivational dimension and social emotional management were significant in predicting the use of social networks. Further conclusions and analysis are described in this paper.
Facebook Use, Personality Characteristics and Academic Performance
Authors: Sapsani Georgia , Tselios Nikolaos
Published: October 2022

The present article examines the relationship between student personality, use of social media and their academic performance and engagement. Specifically, this article examines the relationship of students' Facebook (FB) use and personality characteristics using the Big Five Personality Test. This is focused on (a) student engagement; (b) time spent preparing for class; (c) time spent in co-curricular activities; and (d) academic performance. 204 higher education students participated in the study. Results illustrate that FB time was significantly positively correlated to student engagement and time spent preparing for class. Sharing links activity was positively correlated with student engagement and playing FB games with time spent preparing for class. However, sending private messages and status updates were significantly negatively correlated with student engagement and time spent preparing for class. Also, viewing videos was negatively correlated with time spent in co-curricular activities. Chatting on FB and viewing photos found to be the most popular activities. Moreover, students' extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience were positively correlated to student engagement. In addition, extraversion had a positive relationship with time spent in co-curricular activities, although agreeableness had a negative relationship. Implications of the study for the instructors and the students are also discussed.
The Impact of Instructor Twitter Use on Course Performance Indicators
Authors: Fife Eric M , Nelson C Leigh , Clarke Theresa B
Published: October 2022

An exploratory quasi-experiment of college-level students was used to examine the difference in a variety of course indicators among instructors when they did not use Twitter as a supplement to their courses, when they moderately used Twitter, and when they used Twitter a great deal in their courses. When instructors used Twitter in their classes, perceived learning via technological mediums, perceived classroom community with regard to technological media, perceived pedagogical affect, perceived course effectiveness, perceived learning performance, and perceived perception of learning from Twitter were all greater than when they did not use Twitter in their courses. Overall results of this study recommend further research and a continued focus on the usage of Twitter in the higher education classroom.
Human Attitude Towards the Use of IT in Education
Authors: Gaftandzhieva Silvia , Doneva Rositsa
Published: October 2022

This chapter aims to explore the human attitude towards the use of IT in education, especially teacher attitudes towards the use of social media in teaching practice. The study is based on a survey questionnaire, which aims to investigate to what extent and for what purposes teachers from different countries from all over the world use social networking in their teaching practice. The chapter presents the method (an exploratory survey using questionnaire for data collection), organization of the study, and thorough analyses of the results in accordance with the study objectives. Finally, summarized results of the survey are presented, depending on the continent where the countries of the participants are located. The analysis of the survey results is presented on the basis of valid responses of 19,987 teachers from 75 countries around the world who participated in the survey.
Making Social Media More Social
Authors: Trucks Elia
Published: October 2022

This chapter explores how academic libraries have used social media for broadcasting information, responsive communication, and engagement. Many libraries focus on the marketing aspect of social media, since it is a successful method of promoting events, services, and resources. However, exclusively using social media as a marketing tool ignores the best part of social media: the connections it fosters between people. The online community is just an extension of the in-person community that the academic library serves. This chapter examines the state of the literature on libraries' use of social media through the lens of increasing engagement and connections with the community as the key to successful social media.
Mapeando o debate sobre o ensino de Sociologia no Brasil: uma análise dos temas e agentes presentes nos GTs do Eneseb (2013-2021)
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: October 2022

O Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Sociologia na Educação Básica, organizado pela Comissão de Ensino da Sociedade Brasileira de Sociologia, tem se constituído como o principal evento na área de Ensino de Sociologia no Brasil, agregando pesquisadores e professores. Neste trabalho, buscou-se analisar as principais temáticas e agentes (coordenadores de Grupos de Trabalhos) nesse evento acadêmico, mapeando o debate a partir dos Grupos de Trabalho (2013-2021). Os dados apontaram para a existência de uma agenda de pesquisa que tem se consolidado, apresentando uma relativa autonomia em relação ao campo mais amplo da Sociologia, e também para a existência de agentes que tendem a capitanear o debate, encontrados principalmente em instituições periféricas no campo da Sociologia brasileira. Tanto na análise das temáticas quanto na análise dos agentes foi possível observar que o campo do Ensino de Sociologia no Brasil está em processo de autonomização.
Spatial distribution and dynamics of selected mangrove forests on the east and west coasts of Sri Lanka
Authors: Silva Wasana de , Perera K.A. Roshan S. , Amarasinghe Mala D.
Published: October 2022

The climate and edaphic characteristics primarily determine the spatial distribution and dynamics of mangrove forests. The present study was initiated to determine how species composition and structural characteristics vary along with climate and substrate salinity of six mangrove forests located on the west coast, i.e., Negombo estuary, Chilaw lagoon, and Malwathu oya estuary, and east coast, i.e., Batticaloa lagoon, Uppar lagoon, and Urani lagoon. The structural parameters in terms of tree height, basal area, biomass, and density were obtained to determine the vegetation structure of mangrove forests. The current study found that although the structure of mangrove communities of the two coasts does not differ significantly (P<0.05), plant diversity in mangrove areas on the west coast is significantly higher than that of the east coast mangroves. In contrast, the biomass accumulation in west coast mangroves is relatively lower than that of east coast. Tree height was found to influence the productivity in terms of biomass increment of mangrove forests under investigation. As such, our study suggests that regional variations in salinity, temperature, and rainfall primarily serve as drivers of variation in mangrove species composition and vegetation structure of mangrove forests along the coasts of Sri Lanka.
Factors affecting the treatment outcome of injection based shorter MDR-TB regimen at a referral centre in India
Authors: B Kiran , Singla Rupak , Singla Neeta , V Vinay , Singh Kuljeet , Choudhury Madhumita Paul , Bhattacherjee Nilotpal
Published: October 2022

Rifampicin-resistant/multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) is a significant burden on global tuberculosis (TB) prevention and eradication efforts. MDR-TB can be treated, but it is expensive, takes a long time (typically two years), and contains potentially toxic drugs. Under certain conditions, the WHO recommends standard regimens lasting 9 to 11 months rather than individual regimens lasting at least 18-20 months. The current study sought to identify factors associated with treatment outcome in RR/MDR-TB patients receiving an injection-based regimen for 9-11 months. This ambispective (prospective and retrospective) observational study was conducted at a tertiary tuberculosis institute in New Delhi, India. Between February 2021 and March 2022, patients with RR/MDR-pulmonary TB who received an injection-based shorter regimen were enrolled. Factors related to treatment outcome were investigated and compared in patients who had a successful outcome versus those who did not. A total of 55 patients were enrolled, with 50.91% being successful (cured/treatment completed) and 49.09% failing (including failure, lost to follow up, death, and regimen changed). The following factors were significantly associated with the unsuccessful outcome, according to univariate analysis: BMI (18.5 kg/m2), anaemia, previous anti-TB treatment, bilateral chest X-ray involvement, and far advanced disease on chest X-ray BMI (18.5 kg/m2), anaemia, and far advanced disease on chest X-ray were all significantly associated with mortality. Anaemia was associated with an unsuccessful outcome (p=0.049) and mortality (p=0.048) in the multiple logistic regression analysis. Early treatment initiation, improved nutrition and anaemia, and regular monitoring can all improve RR/MDR-TB patients' outcomes and prognoses.