bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opbygning af korpsånd i en dansk bataljon – et casestudie
Authors: Jeppesen Lennart Schou
Published: May 2023

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in esprit de corps in the Danish Army. Many units have actively worked with enhancing their esprit de corps. Only to a very limited extent, can there be found guidance and support of this work in the military research literature or in the Armed Forces’ guidelines, regulations or doctrine. This article seeks to investigate ways to work with the promotion of esprit de corps through a single case study at a Danish battalion. Data were collected respectively at a management seminar and three months later by interviewing managers in the unit. The study shows how the management group in practice has worked to promote the spirit of the corps in the battalion. They have done so, this study argues, by focusing on three central efforts: 1. Creating a common narrative that embraces the history, values and transformation of the soldiers, 2. Tying the management group together and create leadership power and inspiration 3. Accepting unit differences. This study can be used as inspiration for those who want to work with the promotion of esprit de corps.
Abstrakt
I de sidste år har der været en øget opmærksomhed på korpsånd i hæren. En opmærksomhed der har fået flere enheder til aktivt at opbygge og fremme korpsånd. Kun i meget begrænset omfang kan der søges vejledning og støtte til dette arbejdet i den militære forskningslitteratur eller i Forsvaret vejledninger, bestemmelser eller doktrin. Denne artikel søger at undersøge, hvordan der kan arbejdes med korpsåndsfremme gennem et single casestudie ved en dansk bataljon. Data blev indsamlet ved henholdsvis et ledelsesseminar og tre måneder senere ved interviews af ledere i enheden. Studiet viser, hvordan ledelsesgruppen rent praktisk har arbejdet med at fremme korpsånden i bataljonen gennem målrettet arbejde med tre centrale indsatser: 1. At skabe en fælles fortælling, der rummer både historien, værdier og transformationen af soldaterne. 2. Binde ledelsesgruppen sammen, skabe ledelseskraft og inspiration. 3. At acceptere og arbejde med enhedsforskelle. Studiet kan med fordel anvendes af andre, der vil arbejde med korpsåndsfremme.
 
Nøgleord: Korpsånd; samhørighed; lederskab; militær ledelse
EFEKTIVITAS USAHA KESEHATAN GIGI DI SEKOLAH DIMASA PANDEMI (SCOPING review)
Authors: Utami Sri Pandu , Darmawangsa Darmawangsa , Mahata Intan Batura Endo , Ningrum Valendriyani , Fadilawati Rahmi
Published: May 2023

Pada Desember 2019, virus Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) menyebar di Wuhan, China. WHO menyatakan epidemi itu sebagai kondisi yang sangat mengkhawatirkan kesehatan masyarakat internasional pada 1 Januari 2020, menyatakan bahwa itu akan mempengaruhi 2.725.920 orang pada 24 April 2020, yang mengakibatkan 191.061 kematian. Unit UKGS ialah cabang dari usaha kesehatan sekolah atau UKS yang menjadi bagian terikat dengan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dilakukan oleh Puskesmas. UKGS menggunakan Sekolah Dasar sebagai sarana kegiatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Namun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa pandemic Covid-19 sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap efektivitas UKGS mengingat virus korona yang rentan menyerang petugas yang melalui kontaminasi dari mulut pasien. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui efektivitas usaha kesehatan gigi sekolah (ukgs) di masa pandemi? Metode: Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode review dalam bentuk scooping review beberapa artikel.Hasil : Praktik UKGS dapat berjalan efektif jika diiringi dengan strategi inovatif seperti dengan meningkatkan proses promosi dan aksesibel bagi orang tua siswa.

Kata Kunci : Efektivitas, UKGS, Covid-19,
KORELASI FASILITAS BELAJAR BLENDED LEARNING DAN LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Yendrita Yendrita , Hidayat Opi Rahma , Anggundari Wulan
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara fasilitas belajar pada pembelajaran Blended learning dan lingkungan keluarga dengan hasil belajar biologi pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di SMA Negeri 1 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif korelasional.. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa X IPA 1 sampai X IPA 5 yang berjumlah 177 orang siswa. Teknik pengambilan kelas sampel menggunakan teknik purposive random sampling dan teknik pengambilan sampel pada masing-masing kelas menggunakan teknik Stratified Random Sampling. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan rumus korelasi Product Moment. Hasil uji signifikansi fasilitas belajar (x1) dengan hasil belajar (Y) diperoleh thitung =1,603 dan ttabel = 2,052 (thitung< ttabel) berarti fasilitas belajar tidak berkorelasi secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa (Y). Hasil uji signifikansi lingkungan keluarga (x2) diperoleh thitung= 2,259 dan ttabel = 2,052 (thitung>ttabel ) berarti lingkungan keluarga memiliki korelasi yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa. Selanjutnya korelasi ganda dengan uji-F diperoleh Fhitung=1,222 dan Ftabel=3,380 (Fhitung
Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Anggaran Pendaptan dan Belanja Nagari Pasilihan Kecamatan X Koto Diatas Kabupaten Solok Tahun 2019
Authors: Azhari Ahmadani , Melia Yeni
Published: May 2023

Accountability and transparency of the management of the Pasilihan nagari budget for 2019 has become a concern since the nagari government received a large disbursement of funds compared to previous years. In carrying out the wheels of government, the Pasilihan nagari government has not yet been optimal in socializing and publishing reports on the realization of the nagari revenue and expenditure budget to the public. Based on Permendagri Number 113 of 2014 concerning village financial management, the fifth part of the accountability article 40 states that the budget realization report must be published to the public. The purpose of this study was to determine the Accountability and Transparency of the Management of the Pasilihan nagari Budget in 2019. The type of research used in this study was field research. The method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique that the writer uses in this research is through interviews and collecting documents. The results of the study indicate that the Pasilihan nagari government has implemented the principles of accountability and transparency in the management of APBNagari. In general, accountability and transparency have started to be implemented well. However, there are still some indicators of accountability and transparency standards or criteria that have not been implemented by the Pasilihan nagari government
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN KOPERASI SYARIAH PADA KPRI SYARIAH SMA N 1 KOTA SOLOK
Authors: Saleh Sri Madona , Yeni Ayu Risma , Putra Muhammad Deni
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat kesehatan KPRI Syariah SMA Negeri 1 Solok tahun 2017-2020. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah penilaian kesehatan KPRI Syariah SMAN 1 Solok tahun 2020 belum dilaksanakan oleh Dinas Perdagangan Koperasi & UKM Kota Solok serta belum dikeluarkannya hasil penilaian kesehatan untuk tahun 2019, dan pemberian pinjaman yang signifikan tahun 2018 tidak dapat memaksimalkan jumlah SHU KPRI Syariah SMA N 1 Solok. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tingkat kesehatan KPRI Syariah SMA Negeri 1 Solok berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Negara Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Republik Indonesia No.07/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016 tentang Pedoman Penilaian Tingkat Kesehatan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Pembiayaan Syariah dan Unit Simpan Pinjam dan Pembiayaan Syariah Koperasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan KPRI Syariah SMA Negeri 1 Solok pada tahun 2017-2020 dinyatakan memperoleh predikat CUKUP SEHAT. Pada tahun 2017 diperoleh skor akhir 75,50 dengan predikat cukup sehat, tahun 2018 diperoleh skor akhir 76,75 dengan predikat cukup sehat, tahun 2019 diperoleh skor akhir 77,75 dengan predikat cukup sehat, dan tahun 2020 diperoleh skor akhir 75,25 dengan predikat cukup sehat.Kata Kunci: Tingkat kesehatan, Aspek Penilaian Kesehatan Koperasi Simpan    Pinjam   dan Pembiayaan Syariah
Implications on Lake Phewa and Kulekhani Reservoir of Chemical Fertiliser Application by Farmers
Authors: Kafle Babi Kumar , Dahal Bed Mani , Sharma Chhatra Mani , Gurung Smriti , Kafle Kumud Raj , Raut Nani
Published: May 2023

This study analysed factors influencing the decision to use chemical fertilisers by farmers at the household level, and it included a related assessment of nutrients in nearby water bodies. One focus group discussion was held at each site, and then a total of 198 and 58 households in Lake Phewa and Kulekhani Reservoir, respectively, were surveyed. The results reveal that 90% and 55% of households applied chemical fertilisers in Lake Phewa and Kulekhani Reservoir, respectively. A logistic regression model indicated that the two factors having a significant positive influence on the decision to use chemical fertilisers were higher vegetable yield and the amount of urea available to farmers Water sampling indicated that phosphorous concentrations were relatively high in both these water bodies compared to previous studies in other nearby lakes.
Prodromal Glutamatergic Modulation with Riluzole Impacts Glucose Homeostasis and Spatial Cognition in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Authors: Findley Caleigh A. , McFadden Samuel A. , Cox MaKayla F. , Sime Lindsey N. , Peck Mackenzie R. , Quinn Kathleen , Bartke Andrzej , Hascup Kevin N. , Hascup Erin R.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Prior research supports a strong link between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and metabolic dysfunction that involves a multi-directional interaction between glucose, glutamatergic homeostasis, and amyloid pathology. Elevated soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) is an early biomarker for AD-associated cognitive decline that contributes to concurrent glutamatergic and metabolic dyshomeostasis in humans and male transgenic AD mice. Yet, it remains unclear how primary time-sensitive targeting of hippocampal glutamatergic activity may impact glucose regulation in an amyloidogenic mouse model. Previous studies have illustrated increased glucose uptake and metabolism using a neuroprotective glutamate modulator (riluzole), supporting the link between glucose and glutamatergic homeostasis.

Objective:

We hypothesized that targeting early glutamatergic hyperexcitation through riluzole treatment could aid in attenuating co-occurring metabolic and amyloidogenic pathologies with the intent of ameliorating cognitive decline.

Methods:

We conducted an early intervention study in male and female transgenic (AβPP/PS1) and knock-in (APPNL - F/NL - F) AD mice to assess the on- and off-treatment effects of prodromal glutamatergic modulation (2–6 months of age) on glucose homeostasis and spatial cognition through riluzole treatment.

Results:

Results indicated a sex- and genotype-specific effect on glucose homeostasis and spatial cognition with riluzole intervention that evolved with disease progression and time since treatment.

Conclusion:

These findings support the interconnected nature of glucose and glutamatergic homeostasis with amyloid pathology and petition for further investigation into the targeting of this relationship to improve cognitive performance.
Advancing Diagnostic Certainty in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Synthesis of the Diagnostic Process
Authors: Hazan Jemma , Liu Kathy Y. , Fox Nick , Howard Robert
Published: May 2023

Changes in diagnostic certainty can be evaluated by assessing the impact of a diagnostic test in driving decision making. Diagnostic tests can be appraised using validated measures of accuracy, i.e., sensitivity, specificity, and positive or negative predictive values against a known reference standard. However, other less well formalized factors affect diagnostic certainty. These inputs are under-researched and more difficult to quantify. Clinicians assess the significance of available data in the context of their expertise, pre-diagnostic confidence, and background knowledge of populations and disease. Inherent qualities of the diagnostic test and an individual clinician’s interpretation of the meaning of test results will also affect the subsequent level of diagnostic certainty. These factors are only infrequently considered alongside the diagnostic accuracy of a test. In this paper, we present a model of the different processes which can affect diagnostic certainty in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This model builds upon existing understanding and provides further insights into the complexity of diagnostic certainty in AD and how we might improve this.
Lightweight Encryption Assisted Man-in-The-Middle Attack-Resilient Steganography Model for Secure Satellite Imagery Services: LEMARS
Authors: Madhu D. , Vasuhi S.
Published: May 2023

The role of communication technologies has become increasingly vital in various fields such as industrial communication, surveillance and monitoring, healthcare, and data communication, leading to a surge in demand for these technologies in recent years. In this research paper, the LEMARS model is proposed as a novel and robust lightweight encryption assisted Man-in-The-Middle (MITM) attack-resilient steganography model for secure satellite imagery services. The proposed solution combines lightweight encryption and attack-resilient embedding to achieve higher attack-resilience with low computational cost and optimal reconstruction quality. The use of Feistel architecture-driven substitution and permutation-based block-cipher encryption and heuristic-driven pixel adjustment method for MITM-Adaptive B-Channel Embedding results in higher imperceptibility and superior attack-resilience under uncertain channels. The strategic amalgamation of FSPN-BCE, L2D-IWT, and HD-OMABE enabled attack-resilient steganography for secure satellite communication. The performance of LEMARS has been evaluated using Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), entropy, Non-Parametric Change Rate (NPCR), Unified Average Change Intensity (UACI), and regular and singular block pattern changes. LEMARS achieved a PSNR value of 58.02 dB, an entropy value of 6.15 dB, an NPCR value of 99.84%, a UACI value of 33.70, and exhibited minimal block pattern changes. These results indicate that the proposed model achieved higher attack-resilience with low computational cost and optimal reconstruction quality. The research aimed to improve encryption and embedding methods to achieve an MITM-attack resilient embedding solution for secure satellite imagery services. The proposed LEMARS model exhibited superiority over other state-of-the-art methods, affirming the robustness of the proposed LEMARS model for real-time multimedia data security purposes, including remote sensing, satellite imagery services, telemedicine, and EHR. In conclusion, the LEMARS model offers an optimal solution for multimedia data security, combining lightweight encryption and attack-resilient embedding to achieve higher attack-resilience with low computational cost and optimal reconstruction quality.
Optimization of indoor thermal comfort values with fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm
Authors: Balcı Sonay Görgülü , Ersöz Süleyman , Lüy Murat , Türker Ahmet Kürşad , Barışçı Necaattin
Published: May 2023

It is known that in crowded environments such as educational institutions and workplaces, keeping indoor air quality and climate within certain limits contributes to success and production. For this purpose, a system has been developed to ensure air quality well-being in working environments. In our study, the Arduino processor managed by the fuzzy logic control system (FLC) starts to work with the trigger of the motion sensor HC-SR501. The inputs of the FLC system are defined as LM-35 sensor for temperature, DHT-11 for humidity, MQ-135 for air quality, MQ-9 sensor for CO and explosive gas. The designed system evaluates the instantaneous data obtained from the fuzzy logic system rule base and decides which of the output air filter, heater and alarm systems will operate at what speed. In order to increase system efficiency, fuzzy logic input membership values are optimized by genetic algorithm.
Glaucoma disease detection using stacked attention U-Net and deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Murugesan Malathi , Jeyali Laseetha T.S. , Sundaram Senthilkumar , Kandasamy Hariprasath
Published: May 2023

Glaucoma is a condition of the eye that is caused by an increase in the eye’s intraocular pressure that, when it reaches its advanced stage, causes the patient to lose all of their vision. Thus, glaucoma screening-based treatment administered in a timely manner has the potential to prevent the patient from losing all of their vision. However, because glaucoma screening is a complicated process and there is a shortage of human resources, we frequently experience delays, which can lead to an increase in the proportion of people who have lost their eyesight worldwide. In order to overcome the limitations of current manual approaches, there is a critical need to create a reliable automated framework for early detection of Optic Disc (OD) and Optic Cup (OC) lesions. In addition, the classification process is made more difficult by the high degree of overlap between the lesion and eye colour. In this paper, we proposed an automatic detection of Glaucoma disease. In this proposed model is consisting of two major stages. First approach is segmentation and other method is classification. The initial phase uses a Stacked Attention based U-Net architecture to identify the optic disc in a retinal fundus image and then extract it. MobileNet-V2 is used for classification of and glaucoma and non-glaucoma images. Experiment results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods with an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 98.9%, 95.2% and 97.5% respectively.
Bedtime massage intervention for improving infant and mother sleep condition: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rezaei R. , Sharifnia H. , Nazari R. , Saatsaz S.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Infants’ sleep disorders and parents’ insufficient sleep are common problems in the infant care. The current study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of infant massage on infants’ night-time sleep condition and mothers’ sleep quality. PROCEDURES: 140 infants were randomly put into two different groups, experimental group with fifteen-minute bedtime messages for two weeks and the control group with normal infant routine care. The Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire, a personal information submission form, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for the mothers were the tools used to gather data in this study. RESULTS: Infants in experimental group showed meaningful differences in variables such as, sleep latency (P < 0001, eta = 0.099), number of night waking (P = 0.03, eta = 0.027) and longest continuous sleep period (P = 0.03, eta = 0.026). As for other variables no meaningful differences were observed. There wasn’t meaningful difference in the mother’s overall night-time sleep quality between the two groups (P = 0.184, eta = 0.012) except for the duration of the mother’s night-time sleep (P = 0.028, eta = 0.026) and the reduction of maternal sleep disorder (P = 0.020 eta = 0.029). CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that infants’ bedtime massages would improve some of the sleep markers of mothers and infants, and therefore, can be suggested as a practical, harmless, and cost-free method to improve sleep.
Image compression based on vector quantization and optimized code-book design using Genetic Mating Influenced Slime Mould (GMISM) algorithm
Authors: Chavan Pratibha Pramod , Rani B. Sheela , Murugan M. , Chavan Pramod
Published: May 2023

Large amounts of storage are required to store the recent massive influx of fresh photographs that are uploaded to the internet. Many analysts created expert image compression techniques during the preceding decades to increase compression rates and visual quality. In this research work, a unique image compression technique is established for Vector Quantization (VQ) with the K-means Linde–Buzo–Gary (KLBG) model. As a contribution, the codebooks are optimized with the aid of hybrid optimization algorithm. The projected KLBG model included three major phases: an encoder for image compression, a channel for transitions of the compressed image, and a decoder for image reconstruction. In the encoder section, the image vector creation, optimal codebook generation, and indexing mechanism are carried out. The input image enters the encoder stage, wherein it’s split into immediate and non-overlapping blocks. The proposed GMISM model hybridizes the concepts of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Slime Mould Optimization (SMO), respectively. Once, the optimal codebook is generated successfully, the indexing of the every vector with index number from index table takes place. These index numbers are sent through the channel to the receiver. The index table, optimal codebook and reconstructed picture are all included in the decoder portion. The received index table decodes the received indexed numbers. The optimally produced codebook at the receiver is identical to the codebook at the transmitter. The matching code words are allocated to the received index numbers, and the code words are organized so that the reconstructed picture is the same size as the input image. Eventually, a comparative assessment is performed to evaluate the proposed model. Especially, the computation time of the proposed model is 69.11%, 27.64%, 62.07%, 87.67%, 35.73%, 62.35%, and 14.11% better than the extant CSA, BFU-ROA, PSO, ROA, LA, SMO, and GA algorithms, respectively.
Thinking space generation using context-enhanced knowledge fusion for systematic brain computing
Authors: Kuai Hongzhi , Tao Xiaohui , Zhong Ning
Published: May 2023

The convergence of systems neuroscience and open science arouses great interest in the current brain big data era, highlighting the thinking capability of intelligent agents in handling multi-source knowledge, information and data across various levels of granularity. To realize such thinking-inspired brain computing during a brain investigation process, one of the major challenges is to find a holistic brain map that can model multi-dimensional variables of brain investigations across brain functions, experimental tasks, brain data and analytical methods synthetically. In this paper, we propose a context-enhanced graph learning method to fuse open knowledge from different sources, including: contextual information enrichment, structural knowledge fusion, and holistic graph learning. Such a method can enhance contextual learning of abstract concepts and relational learning between two concepts that have large gap from different dimensions. As a result, an extensible space, namely Thinking Space, is generated to represent holistic variables and their relations in a map, which currently contributes to the field of brain research for systematic brain computing. In the future, the Thinking Space coupled with the rapid development and spread of artificial intelligence generated content will be developed in more scenarios so as to promote global interactions of intelligence in the connected world.
Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum L.) in Ancient Medicine and Roman Law
Authors: Skrzywanek-Jaworska Dagmara , Tadajczyk Konrad
Published: May 2023

Jest to artykuł z zakresu historii farmacji oraz prawa, dla którego wspólnym mianownikiem jest janusowe oblicze szczwołu plamistego (gr. κώνειον; łac. Conium maculatum L.). To trująca roślina z rodziny selerowatych (Apiaceae), kojarzona zazwyczaj z niesprawiedliwym wyrokiem sądu ateńskiego na Sokratesa. Współcześnie szczwół plamisty jest nierzadko mylony z szalejem jadowitym (Cicuta virosa L.), który jednakże nie występował na terenie starożytnej Grecji i żaden z autorów nie wymieniał go w swoich dziełach.
Szczwół plamisty był jedną z lepiej znanych roślin trujących, zarówno w starożytności grecko-rzymskiej, jak i w Bizancjum. W antyku doceniano również jego uzdrawiające właściwości, traktując szczwół jako ziele lecznicze i składnik wielu farmakologicznych preparatów.
Recepty zawierające w swym składzie Conium maculatum przepisywali najsłynniejsi antyczni lekarze, aptekarze i botanicy, jak Hipppokrates z Kos, prekursor współczesnej farmakologii Pedanios Dioskurydes oraz Klaudiusz Galen, ale także Aulus Korneliusz Celsus, Areteusz z Kapadocji, Marcellus Empiryk, i inni. Ich ustalenia potwierdzili następnie lekarze wczesnobizantyjscy, jak Paweł z Eginy czy Orybazjusz. O cykucie rozpisywali się również starożytni poeci, filozofowie i historycy, jak Platon, Arystofanes, Pliniusz Starszy oraz Nikander z Kolofonu.
Zainteresowanie szczwołem ze strony antycznego środowiska medycznego było podyktowane jego dwojaką naturą. Uświadamiało całe spektrum działania leków zawierających cykutę, począwszy od skutku najbardziej pożądanego, to jest wyleczenia pacjenta, przez różnego typu objawy związane z zatruciem, aż po śmierć. Z punktu widzenia ówczesnej medycyny był to też probierz wiedzy i określonych umiejętności lekarskich, które sprowadzały się ostatecznie do odpowiedniego przygotowania oraz zaaplikowania lekarstwa, zaś w przypadku zatrucia, do zastosowania skutecznego antidotum.
Janusowe oblicze szczwołu jako potencjalnego corpus delicti znalazło swoje potwierdzenie także w źródłach prawa rzymskiego. Począwszy od czasów późnej republiki, trucicieli karano na podstawie ustawy Lex Cornelia de sicariis et veneficis wydanej w 81 r. p.n.e. przez rzymskiego dyktatora Korneliusza Sullę. Po objęciu władzy przez Oktawiana Augusta (27 r. p.n.e.), ustawa ta nie tylko nie została uchylona, ale przekształcono ją z czasem w powszechne prawo przeciwko zabójstwu (homicidium), a obowiązywała nawet po upadku Cesarstwa Zachodniorzymskiego. W rzymskim prawie klasycznym już nie tylko umyślne (w celu zabicia człowieka), ale także nieumyślne (wskutek braku umiejętności bądź uważności) zaaplikowanie trucizny rodziło prawnokarną odpowiedzialność sprawcy przestępstwa.
Aducanumab and lecanemab – two novel antibodies against pathologic species of amyloid beta in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wojcieszak Jakub
Published: May 2023

Choroba Alzheimera (AD) jest najczęstszą przyczyną demencji na świecie. Według powszechnie akceptowanej teorii jej przyczyną jest neurodegeneracja spowodowana odkładaniem się w mózgu patologicznego białka, amyloidu β. Amyloid β może agregować tworząc neurotoksyczne oligomery, które ponadto przyczyniają się do wystąpienia innych zmian patologicznych: hiperfosforylacji białka Tau i odkładania się go w postaci splątków neurofibrylarnych oraz zapalenia w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym. Mimo znacznych wysiłków środowiska naukowego i firm farmaceutycznych, przez ostatnie dekady nie udało się zarejestrować nowego leku przeciwko AD. Ponadto, dostępne obecnie w Europie 4 leki działają tylko objawowo, nie hamując progresji zmian patofizjologicznych będących przyczyną choroby. Na przestrzeni ostatnich dwóch lat amerykańska Agencja Leków i Żywności (FDA) dopuściła do stosowania dwa nowe leki modyfikujące przebieg AD. Są to przeciwciała monoklonalne przeciw toksycznym formom amyloidu β: adukanumab i lekanemab. Oba leki zarejestrowano z wykorzystaniem przyspieszonej ścieżki w oparciu o ich skuteczność w redukcji zawartości amyloidu w mózgach pacjentów. Wzbudziło to kontrowersje wśród środowiska naukowego, ponieważ preparaty te dopuszczono do stosowania w oparciu o zastępcze punkty końcowe badań klinicznych, których pierwszorzędowe punkty końcowe, tj. istotne spowolnienie postępu zmian otępiennych, nie zostały osiągnięte, a zatem nie udowodniono jednoznacznie skuteczności terapeutycznej tych przeciwciał. Kolejne obawy dotyczą bezpieczeństwa terapii. W badaniach obu leków stwierdzano występowanie zmian w mózgach pacjentów, takich jak obrzęki, mikro- i makrokrwotoki. Do tej pory oba przeciwciała nie uzyskały pozytywnej opinii Europejskiej Agencji Leków (EMA). Ponieważ sądzi się, że bierna immunizacja za pomocą humanizowanych przeciwciał monoklonalnych może być nową, przełomową formą terapii AD, przebieg badań nad adukanumabem i lekanemabem zasługuje na uwagę. W pracy szczegółowo omówiono dane z badań przedklinicznych i klinicznych opublikowane przez producentów obu preparatów.
НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНИЙ АПАРАТ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ОПЕРАТИВНО-СЛУЖБОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПРИКОРДОННОЇ СЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: БРАТКО Артем
Published: May 2023

Удосконалено науково-методичний апарат планування оперативно-службової діяльності шляхом поєднання підходів до планування на основі результатів, застосування методології планування на основі спроможностей, орієнтованого на загрози, методології аналізу ризиків і бюджетного планування, що забезпечує одержання нових якісних характеристик процесу планування. У процедурах науково-методичного апарату враховано зміни в послідовності та термінах фінансового планування з використанням програмно-цільового методу, впроваджено нові підходи до обґрунтування потреб через забезпечення необхідних оперативних і тактичних спроможностей Державної прикордонної служби України, нові підходи до обґрунтування та оцінювання ефективності фінансування, умови оперативно-службової діяльності та способи виконання завдань, що забезпечує прямий зв’язок між плануванням діяльності відомства, його фінансуванням і змістом державних цільових програм. Головною складовою науково-методичного апарату планування оперативно-службової діяльності Державної прикордонної служби України є визначення результативності діяльності для кожного рівня управління. Науково-методичний апарат планування оперативно-службової діяльності забезпечує обґрунтування заходів оперативно-службової діяльності, обсягу фінансування за рахунок дослідження його залежності від необхідних оперативних і тактичних спроможностей Державної прикордонної служби України та її структурних підрозділів. Вимоги до спроможностей дозволяють опрацьовувати розрахунки потреб в озброєнні, техніці, технічних засобах охорони державного кордону, інших матеріальних засобах, коштах на їх придбання з метою забезпечення виконання функцій оперативно-службової діяльності для обґрунтованого формування кошторисів регіональних управлінь, органів охорони державного кордону, загонів Морської охорони, що і визначає сутність розрахунково-аналітичного методу фінансового планування. На цій основі формуються пропозиції щодо розподілу фінансових і матеріальних ресурсів, забезпечується адаптивне планування оперативно-службової діяльності.
Amine modified silicates applied to direct air capture of CO2 with room temperature regeneration
Authors:   , Carney Alexander Taylor Mann
Published: May 2023

There is an urgent need to directly remove CO2 from the atmosphere. Solid adsorbent based chemisorption is a promising solution. In this work, two types of amines, Jeffamine T403 and TEPA, were combined with two types of mesoporous silica, pore-expanded MCM-41 and SBA-15, as well as fumed silica. The adsorbents were then characterized in a TGA to determine their CO2 capacity at ambient conditions. Our best example was SBA-15 loaded in a 1 to 2 mass ratio with Jeffamine T403. The capacity was 9.806 mg CO2 / g of adsorbent with good cycling stability. The main benefit of these specific solid chemisorption systems is their ability to regenerate at ambient conditions. This has the potential to drastically decrease the energy requirements for scaled-up direct air capture systems.
Generation of a reference genome to investigate population fitness and transitional cell carcinoma occurrence in the fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus)
Authors:   , Carroll Rachel Ann
Published: May 2023

Many species are vulnerable or on the verge of extinction as a result of increased habitat degradation and fragmentation. Conservation genetics has attempted to apply an understanding of species genetics to reduce the risk of severe population reductions with an assumed correlate to lower fitness. Better management strategies could be implemented if these principles can be used to determine the evolutionary context of endangered or vulnerable species. With sequencing technologies rapidly advancing and becoming more cost-effective, wildlife managers of both wild and zoo-managed species can now define the population genetics of their organism of interest to develop risk adverse mating plans that promote self-sustaining and stable populations. While studying wild population genetics is ideal for conservation, the availability of zoomanaged species can provide an opportunity to examine molecular diversity and trait outcomes in controlled environments for the typical smaller zoo cohorts. This genetic insight provides detailed maps of sequence variation and its putative functional impact, which will aid in disease control if it occurs in captive populations. Since all captive populations were once wild, estimates of these past wild sources of genetic variation can be extrapolated to update their diversity status in the wild and possibly promote species sustainability. In these studies, the fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is examined within the context of captive species conservation genetics. The Fishing Cat Species Survival Plan (SSP) group managing zoo-born individuals is facing management challenges due to its small population history and recent disease occurrence. More specifically, an increase in the occurrence of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), a type of bladder cancer that affects older fishing cats, is now a concern for the SSP. Despite the fact that this type of bladder cancer has been observed in a variety of species, the exact cause is unknown. To investigate potential germline risk alleles linked to confirmed cancer cases, a reference genome was constructed, and whole genome sequences (WGS) of 11 fishing cats were generated. In addition, comparative population genetic analyses for the fishing cat, Asian leopard cat, and tiger were performed to test hypotheses about genetic fitness and answer questions about the health of the fishing cat zoo population, such as the prevalence of missense (amino acid-altering) and nonsense (loss-of-function) variants, nucleotide diversity, and runs of homozygosity. Ultimately, this research will help answer the question of whether these collated metrics of genetic fitness reflect great concern for the future of the zoo fishing cat population, including the possibility that germline risk alleles for TCC are present. Moreover, the first assessment of the fishing cat's genome diversity is conducted and compared its closest relatives, the Asian leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis).
A PVT tolerant voltage-controlled oscillator for automotive applications
Authors:   , Chen Mengrui
Published: May 2023

This thesis focusses on the development of an integrated oscillator for automotive applications. The oscillator operates based on the Barkhausen criterion, which is a mathematical requirement used in electronics to predict whether a linear electronic circuit will oscillate. In this thesis, a voltage-controlled oscillator is designed for increased performance under various process, voltage and temperature (PVT) conditions. By applying a voltage reference block, the output frequency of 0.5MHz, 0.75MHz, 1MHz or 1.25MHz can be obtained. In order to compensate for the variations at PVT corners, the trimming technology is applied to increase the accuracy. The supply voltage is considered to be varying between 2.1V and 5.5V while the temperature range is -40oC -125oC.
Gradient descent optimization and deep reinforcement learning for protein-protein interaction
Authors:   , Soltani Kazemi Elham
Published: May 2023

Reconstruction of the 3D structure of protein dimers is a crucial and challenging task. Although inter-protein contacts have been found useful in the modeling process of protein complexes, a few methods have been introduced to tackle the challenging quaternary structure prediction problem utilizing inter-chain contacts. We propose an optimization method based on gradient descent algorithm, called GD, to reconstruct the quaternary structures of protein complexes from inter-protein contacts. We test the performance of the GD method on both homodimers and heterodimers utilizing both true and predicted inter-protein contacts. GD has a superior performance than a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MC), and a method based on Crystallography and NMR System (CNS). When native inter-chain contacts are provided as inputs, GD builds high quality models with TM-scores of more than 0.92 and interface RMSDs (I_RMSDs) of less than 1.64 A for both homodimers and heterodimers. Receiving the predicted inter-chain contacts as restraints, GD is able to generate models with a mean TM-score of 0.76 for 115 homodimers. Besides, for nearly half of the homodimers, GD reconstructs high quality models with TM-scores more than 0.9 using just the predicted inter-chain contacts to guide the modeling process. We also develop a self-learning algorithm based on reinforcement learning, named DRLComplex, to reconstruct protein dimers from true/predicted inter-protein contacts. We evaluate DRLComplex on two standard datasets including CASP-CAPRI dataste (28 homodimers), and Std32 (32 heterodimers). If native inter-chain contacts are provided, DRLComplex generates models with mean TM-score of 0.9895 and mean I_RMSD of 0.2197 for CASP-CAPRI dataset, and models having average TM-score of 0.9881, and average I_RMSD of 0.92 for Std32. Using predicted inter-chain contacts as restraints, DRLComplex builds models with overall average TM-scores of 0.73 and 0.76 for CASP-CvAPRI and Std32, successively. Moreover, utilizing predicted contacts, DRLComplex improves the mean I_RMSD of the reconstructed models for the Std32 dataset by 0.29 percent, 1.01 percent, 13.47 percent, and 8.69 percent over GD, MC, CNS, and Equidock (an end-to-end quaternary structure prediction method), respectively. In addition, the mean I_RMSD of the models predicted by DRLComplex for CASP-CAPRI dataset utilizing predicted contacts is 0.04, 3.94, and 4.07 lower than MC, CNS, and Equidock.
Thermal properties of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate coated metal foam/sodium acetate trihydrate composite as phase change material
Authors:   , Stever Jonathan Allen
Published: May 2023

Salt hydrates such as sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT) can store large amounts of energy by leveraging a high latent heat of fusion. In this study, aluminum and copper foams with pore sizes of 40, 80, and 110 pores per inch (PPI) coated with disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate were prepared and their effects on the SAT solidification temperature, latent heat of fusion, and thermal conductivity were investigated. The sample thermal conductivity was measured using the guarded heat flow method. Thermal properties including latent heat of fusion and supercooling were measured using the T-History method. The results show that metal foam as a heat sink is an effective method of enhancing the thermal conductivity of SAT while occupying a small volume of the composite. The copper foam with a PPI of 80 was able to increase the effective thermal conductivity to 2.62 W/(m K), an increase of 388.15 percent compared to pure SAT while occupying approximately 6.5 percent of the composite volume. The T-History results showed a solidification temperature of 57.5 degreesC along with a super cooling of 3.3 degreesC for the same sample set. Results show that the copper samples significantly outperformed the aluminum ones despite the higher porosity.
Queer here : parasocially bridging intersectionality and situated knowledge within the LGBT community
Authors:   , Frost Sean Everrett
Published: May 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] Using qualitative methods, this research looked at how queer audiences engaged with the queer created docuseries We're Here. This research explored the relationship between parasocial relationships and Situated Knowledge, while contextualizing findings through a Queer Theory lens. This research used an experienced queerness and learned queerness framework to better understand the parasocial relationship that viewers form when using their own queerness as a baseline. To triangulate data, I compared the intent of the show by the executive producers with the received messaging by queer audiences. I found that queer viewers of the show were able to gain a stronger sense of identity, a sense of community, and visualization of allyship. Findings also suggested that queer viewers felt triggered by parasocially experiencing other people's negative queer experiences. This show educated queer audiences about intersectionalities of the LGBTQIA+ community that audiences have not personally encountered outside of the show. The study analyzes a creator's role in a parasocial relationship. In other words, how their portrayal of a queer character effects the relationship a spectator forms with a performer. This research contextualized the Situated Knowledge existing in the storytelling of this show, queer people telling queer stories for queer audiences.
Purpose maintained : adverse childhood experiences and meaning in life
Authors:   , Rose Hope Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor functioning in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Six studies examined the relationship between ACEs and meaning in life, focusing on the facets of meaning in life--coherence, significance, and purpose. Studies 1 (N = 1138 undergraduates), 2 (N = 705 undergraduates), and 3 (N = 822 noncollege adults) showed that ACEs were negatively related to coherence and significance (controlling for the other two facets) but unrelated to purpose, controlling for significance and coherence, childhood social support (Study 2), and attachment style and neuroticism (Study 3). In all three studies the relationship between ACEs and purpose was fully explained by coherence and significance, even when facet ratings were made with regard to participants' most salient negative childhood experience (Study 3). In a within-person experiment (Study 4; N = 380) participants wrote about positive and negative experiences from childhood and rated the facets of meaning immediately after each writing task. A predicted 3-way interaction showed that after recalling a negative childhood memory, ACEs predicted lower significance and coherence but higher purpose. To test the resilience of these findings in a different timeframe, participants wrote about their best possible future self and their worst possible future self (Study 5; N = 797) or their Plan B self (Study 6; N = 346) and then completed ratings of their facets of meaning in life. When primed to think about a negative future outcome, purpose decreased, particularly among those with high ACEs. ACEs also related to viewing one's best possible future as less likely (Studies 5 and 6) and one's worst possible scenario (Study 5) or Plan B (Study 6) as more likely. Implications for the role of ACEs in adult functioning and the science of meaning in life are discussed.
Development of a novel fluorescent sensor for detection of 4-hydroxynonenal
Authors:   , Taheri Mandana
Published: May 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2023] 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is one of the secondary products of lipid peroxidation and has been studied in the greatest detail, due to its high reactivity and consequently, its role in a wide range of biological processes. During oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species involved in a free radical chain mechanism can induce the production of lipid peroxyl radicals, hydroperoxides and a few toxic secondary byproducts such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). the latter byproduct is the target analyte for our proposed sensor. In this project, the goal is to design a turn on fluorescent sensor that could quantitate 4-HNE levels with high selectivity in serum. Toward this aim, we plan to develop a thiol-based sensor that enables us to take advantage of thiol- Michael addition reaction with our target analyte, 4-HNE. dansyl was selected as the fluorophore for this sensor.
НАПРЯМИ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В УМОВАХ НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ ОБСТАВИН В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: СТОЯНОВИЧ Душан
Published: May 2023

На даному етапі діяльність всіх органів публічного управління за надзвичайних обставин приділяється досить прискіплива та особлива увага. Пов'язано це в першу чергу з тим, що наростання зовнішніх та внутрішніх викликів та загроз безпеки України вимагає вжиття додаткових заходів, спрямованих на забезпечення безпеки, зміцнення громадського порядку, підвищення захищеності громадян, суспільства та держави від протиправних посягань, небезпек техногенного та природного характеру, соціального та воєнного походження. Безперервне вдосконалення законодавства, пов'язане характерною зміною обставин як в державі, так і світі, вдосконалення правозастосовної практики органів публічної влади потребують постійного коригування правового забезпечення, їхньої оперативної та управлінської діяльності. Правова регламентація щодо діяльності суб’єктів публічної влади в умовах надзвичайних обставин повинна постійно удосконалюватися. Це зумовлено різноманітністю ризиків та небезпек, що мають характер постійно змінюються, адже мають кореляційний зв’язок із динамічними внутрішніми та зовнішніми державними процесами. Постійно з’являються нові відносини, що конче потребують правового опосередкування. На сьогодні слід констатувати, що надважливу роль в умовах надзвичайних обставин відіграє злагоджена взаємодія між центральними органами виконавчої влади. Натомість це питання не врегульовано належним чином. Особливої ваги набуває вирішення зазначеного питання з огляду на складності процесів правового регулювання діяльності органів публічного управління в умовах надзвичайних обставин. Надзвичайні обставини характеризуються підвищених рівнем різносторонніх небезпечних ризиків, що потребують вжиття цілісних, комплексних заходів та залучення до цього процесу різних органів публічного управління. Питання взаємодії органів публічного управління в умовах надзвичайних обставин повинно бути врегульоване шляхом прийняття спеціального окремого законодавчого акту чи/або через прийняття відповідних підзаконних нормативно-правових актів – положень, інструкцій, де мають бути чітко зафіксовані загальні фундаментальні засади взаємодії між зазначеними органами управління, особливості взаємодії за наявності певних загроз й ризиків за обставин надзвичайного характеру.